bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of Coagulation/Fibrinolysis Abnormalities in Serious Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Patients Complicated with Stroke: Case Series
Authors: Ishikura Hiroyasu , Maruyama Junichi , Izutani Yoshito , Morimoto Shinichi , Takayama Kazushi , Irie Yuhei , Kitamura Taisuke , Iwaasa Mitsutoshi , Hoshino Kota , Nakamura Yoshihiko 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Not surprisingly, novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients are frequently complicated with COVID-19 associated coagulopathy (CAC). And cerebrovascular disease is not uncommon during SARS-CoV-2 infection, especially in older patients and severe patients with risk factors. This time we treated six patients with serious COVID-19, of whom two had a stroke during ICU admission. Based on our experience, we report some findings on the relationship between CAC pattern and risk of stroke in patients with serious COVID-19.Case presentation: Two patients who subsequently had a stroke were transferred to our emergency center and underwent veno-venous extracorporeal corporeal membrane oxygenation (V-V ECMO) with unfractionated heparin as an anticoagulant for treatment of severe respiratory failure. In one patient, the platelet count was 5.7 × 104/mm3 on ICU admission, increased to above 10 × 104/mm3 after 5 days. In the other patient, the platelet count progressed to above 10 × 104/mm3 for the observation period of 8 days. Both prothrombin-international normalized ratio and activated partial thromboplastin time remained almost within the normal ranges throughout the 8-day period. In contrast, the levels of fibrin degradation products, D-dimer, and plasmin alfa2-plasmin inhibitor complex remained above the upper limits of the normal ranges throughout the 8-day period, and the levels in both cases increased markedly around the onset of stroke.Discussion: From these findings, we gained a strong impression that the pattern of CAC in stroke patients was not a “suppressed-fibrinolytic type” pattern, but rather an “enhanced-fibrinolytic type” pattern.Conclusions: During the period in which serious COVID-19 patients undergo V-V ECMO, we need to be aware that these patients with CAC may be complicated with stroke not only cerebral infarction, but also cerebral hemorrhage.
Iron and nickel atoms in comet atmospheres
Authors: Manfroid Jean , Hutsemekers Damien , Jehin Emmanuel 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
When sufficiently close to the Sun, ices in cometary nuclei sublimate, ejecting in space dust and gases whose compositions can be derived by the remote spectral analysis of the cometary atmospheres. Those very rich spectra reveal a host of constituents from simple radicals like OH and CN in the optical range, to relatively complex organic molecules in the infrared and sub-millimeter domain. The majority of these molecules are made of C, H, O and N atoms. Iron, nickel and a few other siderophile atoms have only been detected in two exceptional sungrazer comets in a century and a half. Here we report that free atoms of iron and nickel are ubiquitous in cometary atmospheres as revealed by high-resolution spectra obtained in the near-ultraviolet with the ESO Very Large Telescope for a large sample of comets of various dynamical origins. The emissions of NiI and FeI in cometary comae have been overlooked until now and, surprisingly, are even detected at large heliocentric distances. The abundances of both species appear to be of the same order of magnitude, contrasting with the typical solar system abundance and providing clues about their origins in comet nuclei.
Tight Association of Genome Rearrangements With Gene Expression in Conifer Plastomes
Authors: Wu Chung-Shien , Sudianto Edi , Chaw Shu-Miaw 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Our understanding of plastid transcriptomes is limited to a few model plants whose plastid genomes (plastomes) have a highly conserved gene order. Consequently, little is known about how gene expression changes in response to genomic rearrangements in plastids. This is particularly important in the highly rearranged conifer plastomes. Results: We sequenced and reported the plastomes and plastid transcriptomes of six conifer species, representing all six extant families. Strand-specific RNAseq data shows a nearly full transcription of both plastomic strands and detects C-to-U RNA-editing sites at both sense and antisense transcripts. We demonstrate that the expression of plastid coding genes is strongly functionally dependent among conifer species. However, the strength of this association declines as the number of plastomic rearrangements increases. This finding indicates that plastomic rearrangement influences gene expression.Conclusions: Our data provide the first line of evidence that plastomic rearrangements not only complicate the plastomic architecture but also drive the dynamics of plastid transcriptomes in conifers.
Social Purpose in an Organization from the Perspective of an Employee:&nbsp;A Self-Determination Outlook on the Meaning of Work
Authors: Puchalska-Kaminska Malwina , Łądka-Barańska Agnieszka , Roczniewska Marta 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
ObjectiveAdvancing social purpose in organizations is usually studied from the macro perspective, i.e., how it benefits organizational business goals or society more broadly. In this paper, we focus on social purpose from the perspective of the employee and propose that advancing social purpose in an organization allows individuals to fulfil an important human need for the meaning of work (MW). This study’s objective was to assess whether a volunteering Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) program in a manufacturing company allows employees to fulfil their basic psychological needs for relatedness, competence, and autonomy. The data was collected through in-depth interviews and an analysis of artifacts, i.e., the company's multimedia materials such as employer branding ads and lectures where managerial staff shares knowledge about management strategies in this company.ResultsIn the analysis, three main themes describing different aspects of voluntary work at the company were identified. These themes were related to SDT theory and described how voluntary activities served the needs of (1) relatedness, (2) competence, and (3) autonomy. We conclude that CSR programs have the most positive impact on MW when they allow employees to engage in prosocial actions and satisfy those needs.
Description of a Rat Model of Polymicrobial Abdominal Sepsis Mimicking Human Colon Perforation
Authors: Utiger Julia M , Glas Michael , Levis Anja , Prazak Josef , Haenggi Matthias 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Objective: Standard rodent sepsis models as cecal ligation and puncture models (CLP) or cecal ligation and incision models (CLI) are frequently not suited experiments, mainly because they lack surgical repair, and they are difficult to control for severity. The colon ascendens stent peritonitis model (CASP) overcomes some of these limitations. Result: Here we present our modification of the rodent CASP model, where severity of sepsis can be controlled by timing of surgical repair and treatment, and by diameter of the stent. Further, basic hemodynamic monitoring (blood pressure and heart rate) and frequent blood sampling can be achieved, which might guide further treatment.
Implication of Nitrergic System in the Anticonvulsant Effect of Ferulic Acid in Pentylenetetrazole-induced Seizures in Male Mice
Authors: Khoei Hossein Amini , Boroujeni Shakiba Nasiri , Lorigooini Zahra , Salehi Arash , Sadeghian Reihaneh , Madiseh Mohammad Rahimi- 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background and Aim: Given the widespread prevalence of seizures worldwide and the low efficacy of synthetic drugs, studies are needed to find new compounds with appropriate efficacy. Ferulic acid (FA) is a phenolic compound with antioxidant and neuroprotective effects. The aim of present study was to investigate the role of nitrergic system in the anticonvulsant effect of FA in pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures in male mice. Material and Methods: 64 male NMRI mice weighing 25-29 g were randomly divided into 8 experimental groups (n=8). FA at doses 5, 10 and 40 mg / kg alone and in combination with L-NAME (nitric oxide synthase inhibitor) or L-arg (nitric oxide precursor) was administrated (i.p.). PTZ was injected (i.v. route) 30 min after drugs administration. Seizure onset time was recorded and the nitrite levels of prefrontal cortex and serum were determined by Griess Method. Results: FA at doses of 10 and 40 mg / kg significantly increased the seizure threshold as well as reduced the serum and brain nitric oxide levels in comparison to the saline- received group. Co-administration of effective dose of FA (10 mg/kg) plus L-arginine significantly decreased the seizure threshold in compared to the effective dose of FA alone. Co-injection of sub-effective dose of FA (5 mg/kg) with L-NAME significantly increased the seizure threshold as well as significantly decreased the brain nitric oxide level in compared to the sub-effective dose of FA alone.Conclusion: FA partially at least, via modulation of nitrergic system possessed anticonvulsant effect in PTZ-induced seizures in mice.
Simultaneous Uniportal Video-Assisted Thoracic Surgery of Bilateral Pulmonary Nodules
Authors: Lin ShengCheng , Yang Chenglin , Guo Xiaotong , Xu Yafei , Wang Lixu , Wang Zhe , Yu Xin , Wang Chunguang , Yu Zhen tao 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Surgical resection is an appropriate treatment option for synchronous bilateral pulmonary nodules with ground-glass opacities. The applicability of simultaneous uniportal video-assisted thoracic surgery is not fully understood. We evaluated the experience in performing such surgeries at our hospital and the associated postoperative complications.Methods: Clinical data of 35 patients who underwent simultaneous bilateral pulmonary resection with uniportal video-assisted thoracic surgery at our hospital were reviewed retrospectively. Results: Simultaneous bilateral pulmonary resection with uniportal video-assisted thoracic surgery was performed for 35 patients (15 men, 20 women); 97 nodules were operated on, and the average nodule diameter was 11.4 mm (range, 1-38 mm). Computerized tomography showed that most nodules had ground-glass opacity (52/97, 53.6%); solid nodules (24/97, 24.7%) and nodules with mixed ground-glass opacity (21/97, 21.7%) were noted. Surgical resection included lobar-sublobar resection (11/35, 31.4%) and sublobar-sublobar resection (24/35, 68.6%). Wound infection and postoperative 30-day mortality were not observed. Pneumonia was the major postoperative complication, with a higher incidence in the lobar-sublobar group (6/35, 17.1%) than in the sublobar-sublobar group (4/35, 11.4%; P = 0.021). Pneumonia did not correlate with operative time (mean, 262.3±108.1 vs. 261.9±87.5 min, P = 0.991), duration of chest drainage (mean, 7.0±4.0 vs 5.4±2.1 days, P = 0.124), and postoperative hospital stay (mean, 10.2±3.6 vs 10.2±6.4 days, P = 0.978). The mean follow-up time was 8 (range, 3-22) months. Recurrence of primary lung cancer or mortality was not noted at the final follow-up. Conclusions: Simultaneous bilateral pulmonary resection with uniportal video-assisted thoracic surgery is feasible and safe for appropriate patients. Simultaneous lobar-sublobar pulmonary resection for bilateral nodules can increase the risk of developing pneumonia.
Totally Endoscopic Aortic Valve Replacement with Concomitant Trans-Aortic Mitral Valve Repair for Mitral Regurgitation
Authors: Pitsis Antonios , Tsotsolis Nikolaos , Boudoulas Harisios , Boudoulas Konstantinos Dean 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BackgroundMinimally invasive aortic valve procedures through a hemi-sternotomy or a right anterior mini-thoracotomy have gained popularity over the last several years. Totally endoscopic aortic valve replacement (TEAVR) is an innovative and a less invasive (incision-wise) surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) technique. The operative steps of TEAVR have been reported previously from our group. Mitral regurgitation (MR) frequently accompanies aortic valve disease, and sometimes requires repair. Can totally endoscopic surgery be applied in such cases?Case presentationWe present the surgical technique of a totally endoscopic approach to aortic valve replacement and concomitant mitral valve repair for primary or secondary MR. We used the aortotomy incision and avoided an atriotomy that would result in a prohibited increase in cross-clamp (XC) and cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) times and an elevation in mortality and morbidity rates. Neochords (artificial chordae tendineae) were used for the repair of primary MR and the edge-to-edge approach was used for the repair of secondary MR.ConclusionTotally endoscopic aortic valve replacement and concomitant mitral valve repair can be performed transaortically with reasonable XC and CPB times, and excellent short-term results.
A Compartmental Model that Predicts the Effect of Social Distancing and Vaccination on Controlling COVID-19
Authors: Dashtbali Mohammadali , Mirzaie Mehdi 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The understanding of the interaction between disease dynamics and human behavior is an important and essential point to control infectious. Disease outbreak can be inﬂuenced by social distancing and vaccination. In this study, we introduce two compartmental models to derive the epidemic curve and analyze the individual’s behavior in spreading and controlling the COVID-19 epidemic. The ﬁrst model includes Susceptible, Exposed, Infectious, Hospitalized, Recovered and Death compartments and in the second model, we added a new compartment namely, semi-susceptible individuals that are assumed to be more immune than the susceptible. A comparison of the two models shows that the second model provides a better ﬁt to the daily infected cases from Egypt, Belgium, Japan, Nigeria, Italy, and Germany released by WHO. Finally, we added a vaccinated term to the model to predict how vaccination could control the epidemic. The model was applied on the record data from WHO.
Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein (MOG) Antibody Disease in a 11-year-old child with COVID 19 infection
Authors: Khan Archana , Panwala Hiren , Ramadoss Divya , Khubchandani Raju 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Optic Neuritis is the most common presentation of MOG Antibody Disease (MOG-AD). We share our experience with a 11-year-old boy who developed MOG associated Optic Neuritis temporally associated with SARS- CoV-2 infection. He responded well to intravenous methylprednisolone therapy followed by oral prednisolone. While various neurological and ophthalmological manifestations of COVID-19 have been described previously, there are few case reports of Optic neuritis associated with COVID-19. Our case further supports the evidence to suggest that SARS CoV-2 is another such virus that triggers MOG-AD.
Explanation and Prediction of Clinical Data with Imbalanced Class Distribution based on Pattern Discovery and Disentanglement
Authors: Zhou Peiyuan , Wong Andrew K.C. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Statistical data analysis, especially the advanced machine learning (ML) methods, have attracted considerable interest in clinical practices. We are looking for interpretability of the diagnostic/prognostic results that will bring confidence to doctors, patients and their relatives in therapeutics and clinical practice. When datasets are imbalanced in diagnostic categories, we notice that the ordinary ML methods might produce results overwhelmed by the majority classes diminishing prediction accuracy. Hence, we need methods that could produce explicit transparent and interpretable results in decision-making, without sacrificing accuracy, even for data with imbalanced groups. Methods: In order to interpret the clinical patterns and conduct diagnostic prediction of patients with high accuracy, we develop a novel method, Pattern Discovery and Disentanglement for Clinical Data Analysis (cPDD), which is able to discover patterns (correlated traits/indicants) and use them to classify clinical data even if the class distribution is imbalanced. In the most general setting, a relational dataset is a large table such that each column represents an attribute (trait/indicant), and each row contains a set of attribute values (AVs) of an entity (patient). Compared to the existing pattern discovery approaches, cPDD can discover a small succinct set of statistically significant high-order patterns from clinical data for interpreting and predicting the disease class of the patients even with groups small and rare.Results: Experiments on synthetic and thoracic clinical dataset showed that cPDD can 1) discover fewer patterns compared to other existing pattern discovery methods; 2) allow the users to interpret succinct sets of patterns coming from uncorrelated sources, even the groups are rare/small; and 3) obtain better performance in prediction compared to other interpretable classification approaches. Conclusions: In conclusion, cPDD discovers fewer patterns with greater comprehensive coverage to improve the interpretability of patterns discovered. Experimental results on synthetic data validated that cPDD discovers all patterns implanted in the data, displays them precisely and succinctly with statistical support for interpretation and prediction, a capability which the traditional ML methods lack. The success of cPDD as a novel interpretable method in solving the imbalanced class problem shows its great potential to clinical data analysis for years to come.
Prevalence and antibiotic resistance of bacteria isolated from cerebrospinal fluid among children with bacterial meningitis in China from 2016 to 2018: A multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Peng Xiaoshan , Zhu Qingxiong , Liu Jing , Zeng Mei , Qiu Yue , Zhu Chunhui , Cheng Yibing , Zhou Yibo , Xu Yi , Chen Minxia , Wen Zhengwang , Chen Yiping , Li Rui , Tong Jianning , Shan Qingwen , Lin Daojiong , Wu Shouye , Zhuo Zhiqiang , Wang Caihong , Zhao Shiyong , Qi Zhenghong , Sun Xiaofeng , Maihebuba Bieerding , Jia Chunmei , Gao Huiling , Li Shuangjie , Zhu Yu , Wan Chaomin 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Bacterial meningitis (BM) remains a devastating disease in children, and it causes substantial neurological morbidity and mortality worldwide. However, there are few large-scale studies on the pathogens causing pediatric bacterial meningitis (PBM) and their antimicrobial resistance (AMR) patterns in China. The present multicenter survey summarized the features of the etiologies of BM in children and characterized their AMR patterns.Methods: Data from 1193 cerebrospinal ﬂuid bacterial isolates from children with BM who were admitted to 13 children’s hospitals in China from 2016 to 2018 were analyzed retrospectively.Results: Of the 1142 patients with PBM, 65.9% (753) were less than 1 year old, and more than two-fifths (513, 44.9%) were younger than 3 months. The three leading pathogens causing PBM were Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis) (16.5%), Escherichia coli (E. coli) (12.4%) and Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae) (10.6%). Infants under 3 months of age were at a relatively high risk of infection by E. coli (116/523; 22.2%), Enterococcus faecium (75/523; 14.3%), S. epidermidis (57/523; 10.9%), and Group B Streptococcus (55/523, 10.5%). However, Children more than 3 months of age were at a relatively high risk of infection by S. epidermidis (140/670; 20.9%), S. pneumoniae (117/670; 17.5%), and Staphylococcus hominis (57/670; 8.5%). Greater than 93.0% of E. coli isolates were sensitive to cefoxitin, piperacillin/tazobactam, cefoperazone/sulbactam, amikacin and carbapenems, and the resistance rates to ceftriaxone, cefotaxime and ceftazidime were 49.4%, 49.2% and 26.4%, respectively. From 2016 to 2018, the proportion of methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (MRCoNS) isolates declined from 80.5% to 72.3%, and the frequency of penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae (PRSP) isolates increased from 75.0% to 87.5%. The proportion of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli fluctuated between 44.4% and 49.2%, and the detection rate of ESBL production in Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) ranged from 55.6% to 88.9%. The resistance of E. coli strains to carbapenems was 5.0%, but the overall prevalence of carbapenem-resistant (CR) K. pneumoniae was high (54.5%).Conclusions: The resistance of CoNS to methicillin and the high incidence of ESBL production in Gram-negative Enterobacteriaceae pose a critical challenge to infection control. Carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae isolates are a serious issue for the treatment of children with PBM.
What’s the “Secret Sauce”? How Implementation Variation Affects the Success of Colorectal Cancer Screening Outreach
Authors: Coury Jennifer , Miech Edward J. , Styer Patricia , Petrik Amanda F. , Coates Kelly E. , Green Beverly B. , Baldwin Laura-Mae , Shapiro Jean A. , Coronado Gloria D. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Mailed fecal immunochemical testing (FIT) programs can improve colorectal cancer (CRC) screening rates, but health systems vary how they implement (i.e., adapt) these programs for their organizations. A health insurance plan implemented a mailed FIT program (named BeneFIT) and participating health systems could adapt the program. This multi-method study explored which program adaptations might have resulted in higher screening rates.Methods: First, we conducted a descriptive analysis of CRC screening rates by key health system characteristics and program adaptations. Second, we generated an overall model by fitting a weighted regression line to our data. Third, we applied Configurational Comparative Methods (CCMs) to determine how combinations of conditions were linked to higher screening rates. The main outcome measure was CRC screening rates.Results: Seventeen health systems took part in at least one year of BeneFIT. The overall screening completion rate was 20% (4%–28%) in Year 1, and 25% (12%–35%) in Year 2 of the program. Health systems that used two or more adaptations had higher screening rates, and no single adaptation clearly led to higher screening rates. In Year 1, small systems, with just one clinic, that used phone reminders (n=2) met the implementation success threshold (≥19% screening rate) while systems with >1 clinic were successful when offering a patient incentive (n=4), scrubbing mailing lists (n=4), or allowing mailed FIT returns with no other adaptations (n=1). In Year 2, larger systems with 2-4 clinics were successful with a phone reminder (n=4) or a patient incentive (n=3). Of the 10 systems that implemented BeneFIT in both years, seven improved their CRC screening rates in Year 2.Conclusions: Health systems can choose among many adaptations and successfully implement a health plan’s mailed FIT program. Different combinations of adaptations led to success with health system size emerging as an important contextual factor.