bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Highly Conductive MXene Film Actuator Based on Moisture Gradients
Authors: Wang Jingfeng , Liu Yuyan , Cheng Zhongjun , Xie Zhimin , Yin Liang , Wang Wu , Song Yingbin , Zhang Haiyang , Wang Youshan , Fan Zhimin 
Published: May 2020

AbstractMXene (Ti3C2Tx) is a new 2D material with both hydrophilicity and high electrical conductivity, and it has shown promise in smart electronic devices. Reported herein is a homogeneous MXene film actuator with high electrical conductivity triggered by moisture gradients. The actuator is highly sensitive to moisture and undergoes deformation, with the maximum bending angle as high as 155° at a relative humidity difference of 65 %. Several analysis methods show that the humidity drive and large deformation of the MXene film occur in situ by asymmetric expansion of the bilayer structure. The combination of deformation and electrical conductivity makes this film applicable to flexible excavators, electrical switches, and other fields, applications that are difficult to achieve directly by using other 2D materials. More importantly, this work further expands the new application range of MXene materials and provides new opportunities for building the next generation of high‐conductivity smart actuators.
Catalytic Oxidation of Alcohols and Amines to Value‐Added Chemicals using Water as the Solvent
Authors: Hazra Susanta , Malik Ekta , Nair Abhishek , Tiwari Vikas , Dolui Pritam , Elias Anil J. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractDesigning reactions in aqueous media has been one of the major challenges in modern organic synthesis, especially to avoid the use of large amounts of organic solvents whose disposal is a matter of grave concern from an environmental perspective. The oxidation of alcohols and amines is an essential and important step in the synthesis of many valuable products including polymers and pharmaceuticals. In recent times, there has been a surge in the use of water as a solvent in many organic reactions. This review focuses specifically on the oxidation reactions of alcohols and amines carried out in water media using transition metal catalysts, metal‐free catalysts and photocatalysts.
Three Bis‐BODIPY Analogous Diruthenium Redox Series: Characterization and Electronic Structure Analysis
Authors: Bera Sudip Kumar , Mondal Sudipta , Hazari Arijit Singha , Priego José Luis , Jiménez‐Aparicio Reyes , Kaim Wolfgang , Lahiri Goutam Kumar 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe dianion derived from (2Z,6Z)‐3,7‐diphenyl‐N2,N6‐di(pyridin‐2‐yl)pyrrolo[2,3‐f]indole‐2,6(1H,5H)‐diimine (H2BL), a modified BODIPY ligand precursor, is shown to be capable of bridging two metal complex fragments RuL2, L=2,4‐pentanedionato (acac−), 2,2’‐bipyridine (bpy) or 2‐phenylazopyridine (pap) in [Ru(acac)2Ru(μ‐BL)Ru(acac)2] (1/2), [Ru(bpy)2Ru(μ‐BL)Ru(bpy)2](ClO4)2 ([3](ClO4)2) and [Ru(pap)2Ru(μ‐BL)Ru(pap)2](ClO4)2 ([4](ClO4)2). The compounds, including a diastereoisomeric pair 1 (meso) and 2 (rac) were spectroscopically and structurally characterized. Reversible electron transfers as revealed by cyclic and differential pulse voltammetry allowed for an EPR and UV‐vis‐NIR spectroelectrochemical investigation of several neighboring charge states. Together with susceptibility measurements and TD‐DFT calculations the assignment of oxidation states reveals that 1, 2 are diruthenium(III) species which can be oxidized or reduced by one electron whereas 32+ and 42+ contain ruthenium(II) and get reduced or oxidized mainly at the dianionic bridge (32+) or are reduced at the ancillary ligands pap (42+).
Novel N‐Cycloalkylcarbonyl‐N′‐arylthioureas: Synthesis, Design, Antifungal Activity and Gene Toxicity
Authors: Kholodniak Olena V. , Kazunin Maksym S. , Meyer Fatuma , Kovalenko Sergiy I. , Steffens Karl G. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractA synthesis method of novel N‐cycloalkylcarbonyl‐N′‐arylthioureas was developed. It consists of sequential addition of equimolecular amounts of ammonium isothiocyanate and substituted anilines to cycloalkylcarbonyl chlorides. The identity and purity of products were confirmed by LC/MS spectra, their structure by elemental analysis, IR and 1H‐NMR spectra. Preliminary antimicrobial screening for standard microorganisms and molecular docking allowed to select several structures for antifungal and genetic toxicity studies. Conducted in vitro screening of 9 compounds for antifungal potential against 11 phytopathogenic fungi and three Phytophthora strains revealed that two N‐(arylcarbamothioyl) cyclopropanecarboxamides at a concentration of 50 μg/ml exhibited activities comparable to the standard antifungal agent ‘Cyproconazole’. Analysis of mutagenicity of novel thioureas using the Salmonella reverse mutagenicity assay (‘Ames Test’) showed a low gene‐toxicity profile.
Cytotoxic Meroterpenoids from the Fungus Alternaria sp. JJY‐32
Authors: Wang Lu , Jiao Jieying , Liu Dan , Zhang Xiaomin , Li Jing , Che Qian , Zhu Tianjiao , Zhang Guojian , Li Dehai 
Published: May 2020

AbstractTwo new meroterpenoids, tricycloalternarenes X and Y, together with one known meroterpenoid, tricycloalternarene I, were isolated from the fungus Alternaria sp. JJY‐32. The structures including absolute configurations were established by the comprehensive spectroscopic data, electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectral analyses, and biosynthesis consideration. Tricycloalternarene X showed cytotoxicity against the HL‐60 and HO8910 cells with IC50 values of 7.54 and 20.32 μm.
Analysis of Chemical Composition and Assessment of Antioxidant, Cytotoxic and Synergistic Antibacterial Activities of Essential Oils from Different Plant Parts of Piper boehmeriifolium
Authors: Wang Ruo‐Lan , Gao Yang , Xing Xiang 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe essential oils (EOs) from leaves, stems, and whole plant of Piper boehmeriifolium were analyzed using GC/FID and GC/MS. The main constituents of P. boehmeriifolium EOs were β‐caryophyllene, caryophyllene oxide, β‐elemene, spathulenol, germacrene D, β‐selinene, and neointermedeol. The antioxidant potential of the EOs were determined using DPPH•, ABTS•+ and FRAP assays. In ABTS•+ assay, the leaf oil exhibited a remarkable activity with an IC50 value of 7.36 μg/mL almost similar to BHT (4.06 μg/mL). Furthermore, the antibacterial activity of the oils as well as their synergistic potential with conventional antibiotics were evaluated using microdilution and Checkerboard assays. The results revealed that the oils from different parts of P. boehmeriifolium inhibited the growth of all tested bacteria and the minimum inhibitory concentrations were determined to be 0.078 – 1.250 mg/mL. In combination with chloramphenicol or streptomycin, the oils showed significant synergistic antibacterial effects in most cases. Besides, the results of MTT assay indicated that the oil of the whole plant exhibited significant cytotoxic activities on human hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2) and human breast cancer cells (MCF‐7). In summary, the P. boehmeriifolium oils could be regarded as a prospective source for pharmacologically active compounds.
Influence of Shear Flow on the Crystallization of Organic Melt Emulsions – A Rheo‐Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Investigation
Authors: Kaysan Gina , Spiegel Burkard , Guthausen Gisela , Kind Matthias 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThere is a need to better understand the influence of shear flow on the crystallization of a molten oil phase in an oil/water emulsion due to its high relevance for industrial processes. The present study focuses on the influence of laminar shear flow on the crystallization kinetics of polydisperse n‐hexadecane‐in‐water emulsions. The investigation was carried out by rheo‐nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy in a Taylor‐Couette geometry. An accelerating impact of the shear rate on the overall crystallization kinetics was verified. This effect stems from an increase of the collision frequency of already crystallized droplets with not yet crystallized droplets. Nevertheless, the collision efficiency decreased with higher shear rate.
Boosting Oxygen and Peroxide Reduction Reactions on PdCu Intermetallic Cubes
Authors: Zhang Qingfeng , Li Fan , Lin Lina , Peng Jiaheng , Zhang Wencong , Chen Wenlong , Xiang Qian , Shi Fenglei , Shang Wen , Tao Peng , Song Chengyi , Huang Rong , Zhu Hong , Deng Tao , Wu Jianbo 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPalladium‐based nanocatalysts have the potential to replace platinum‐based catalysts for fuel‐cell reactions in alkaline electrolytes, especially PdCu intermetallic nanoparticles with high electrochemical activity and stability. However, unlike the synthetic methods for obtaining the nanoparticles, the effect of PdCu shape on the performance is relatively less well studied. Here, we demonstrate the facet dependence of PdCu intermetallics on the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and peroxide reduction, and reveal that the {100} dominant PdCu cubes have a much higher ORR mass activity and specific activity than spheres at 0.9 V vs. RHE, which is four and five times that of commercial Pd/C and Pt/C catalysts, respectively, and show only a 31.7 % decay after 30 000 cycles in the stability test. Moreover, cubic PdCu nanoparticles show higher peroxide electroreduction activity than Pd cubes and PdCu spheres. Density functional theory (DFT) calculation reveals that the huge difference originates from the reduction in oxygen adsorption energy and energy barrier of peroxide decomposition on the ordered {100} PdCu surface. Given the relationship between the shape and electrochemical performance, this study will contribute to further research on electrocatalytic improvements of catalysts in alkaline environments.
Greater utility of molecular subtype rather than epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers for prognosis in high‐risk non‐muscle‐invasive (HGT1) bladder cancer
Authors: Ottley Edward C , Pell Robert , Brazier Benedict , Hollidge Julianne , Kartsonaki Christiana , Browning Lisa , O'Neill Eric , Kiltie Anne E 
Published: May 2020

AbstractApproximately 75% of bladder cancers are non‐muscle invasive (NMIBC). Of these, up to 53% of cases progress to life‐threatening muscle‐invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). Patients with high‐grade stage T1 (HGT1) NMIBC frequently undergo radical cystectomy (RC), although this represents overtreatment for many. Identification of progressors versus non‐progressors could spare unnecessary treatment. Recent studies have confirmed that urothelial carcinoma is composed of two main molecular subtypes, basal and luminal, with 12% of basal tumours exhibiting epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EMT). Levels of immune cell infiltration have been shown to be subtype‐specific. Here, we performed immunohistochemistry (IHC) for 11 antibodies relating to molecular subtypes or EMT in 26 cases of HGT1 urothelial carcinoma cases with 6 matched samples subsequently obtained at cystectomy (n = 6; 1 muscle‐invasive, 5 non‐muscle‐invasive; 3 = pTis, 1 = pT1, 1 = pTa) and at recurrence (n = 2, pT2). RNAScope was also conducted in a subset. Expression patterns in HGT1 specimens versus MIBC (pT2+) were examined, and correlated with disease‐specific survival (DSS). Levels of stromal tumour‐infiltrating lymphocytes (sTILs) were assessed manually to determine whether lymphocyte infiltration was associated with DSS and whether differences existed between HGT1 and MIBC. Molecular subtype markers demonstrated increased prognostic potential compared to the EMT markers assessed. Increased expression of the luminal markers FOXA1 and SCUBE2, were found to be significantly associated with better DFS. No EMT markers were significantly associated with DFS. In areas of non‐invasive papillary urothelial carcinoma, but not invasive carcinoma, sTIL levels were found to be significantly associated with DFS. While differences were observed between HGT1 cases that progressed versus those that did not, a larger cohort study is required for validation of these findings. Taken together, an emphasis on molecular subtype markers, rather than EMT markers, may be preferable when studying biomarkers of HGT1 urothelial carcinoma in the future.
[1]Benzothieno[3,2‐b][1]benzothiophene‐Phthalocyanine Derivatives: A Subclass of Solution‐Processable Electron‐Rich Hole Transport Materials
Authors: Zanotti Gloria , Angelini Nicola , Mattioli Giuseppe , Paoletti Anna Maria , Pennesi Giovanna , Caschera Daniela , Sobolev Anatoly Petrovich , Beverina Luca , Calascibetta Adiel Mauro , Sanzone Alessandro , Di Carlo Aldo , Berionni Berna Beatrice , Pescetelli Sara , Agresti Antonio 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe [1]benzothieno[3,2‐b][1]benzothiophene (BTBT) planar system was used to functionalize the phthalocyanine ring aiming at synthesizing novel electron‐rich π‐conjugated macrocycles. The resulting ZnPc−BTBT and ZnPc−(BTBT)4 derivatives are the first two examples of a phthalocyanine subclass having potential use as solution‐processable p‐type organic semiconductors. In particular, the combination of experimental characterizations and theoretical calculations suggests compatible energy level alignments with mixed halide hybrid perovskite‐based devices. Furthermore, ZnPc−(BTBT)4 features a high aggregation tendency, a useful tool to design compact molecular films. When tested as hole transport materials in perovskite solar cells under 100 mA cm−2 standard AM 1.5G solar illumination, ZnPc−(BTBT)4 gave power conversion efficiencies as high as 14.13 %, irrespective of the doping process generally required to achieve high photovoltaic performances. This work is a first step toward a new phthalocyanine core engineerization to obtain robust, yet more efficient and cost‐effective materials for organic electronics and optoelectronics.
Combining ability of extra‐early biofortified maize inbreds underStrigainfestation and low soil nitrogen
Authors: Oyekale Solomon A. , Badu‐Apraku B. , Adetimirin Victor O. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractStriga hermonthica(Del.) Benth parasitism, low soil N, and nutritional deficiencies of normal‐endosperm maize (Zea maysL.) threaten maize yield and exacerbate nutritional problems in sub‐Sahara Africa (SSA). This study was conducted (a) to evaluate genetic variation among extra‐early maturing maize hybrids with provitamin A and quality protein characteristics, (b) to investigate gene action governing the inheritance ofStrigaresistance, grain yield, low N tolerance, and other measured traits under low‐N, high‐N, andStriga‐infested environments, and (c) to identify hybrids with high yield and stability across environments. One hundred and fifty hybrids developed using North Carolina Design II were evaluated with six checks under low‐N, high‐N, andStriga‐infested environments in Nigeria. Mean squares for hybrids were highly significant (P < .01) for grain yield and other traits across environments. Only general combining ability (GCA) for female and/or male mean squares were significant for measured traits under low N. In addition to significant GCA effects for most traits, specific combining ability was significant (P < .05) forStrigaemergence count underStrigainfestation, and ear height and ears per plant under high N, indicating that additive and nonadditive genetic effects controlled the inheritance of few traits underStrigaand high N, whereas additive genetic effect governed the inheritance of the traits under low N. Hybrids TZEEIORQ 55 × TZEEIORQ 26, TZEEIORQ 49 × TZEEIORQ 75, and TZEEIORQ 52 × TZEEIORQ 43 were high yielding and stable across environments and have potential for improving nutrition and maize yields in SSA.
A new environmental performance index based on the carbon footprint, VOC emissions, and waste in a printing house
Authors: Hansuebsai Aran , Kaosod Athima , Kanchanasing Tanaporn 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAn environmental performance index (EPI) is introduced to evaluate the activities of a printing house based on three impacts: carbon footprint, volatile organic compound emissions, and waste. As the main causes of environmental degradation are the operation of machinery and usage of materials, we aimed to integrate the three impacts to interpret the EPI or the environmental friendliness of printing houses. Our results demonstrate that environmental awareness increased with improvements to the EPI, following the modification of printing processes and choices of printing materials. Various scenarios, including pre‐press, press, and post‐press, as well as printing materials, are proposed to predict trends and the possibility of increasing the EPI. Press management and materials and equipment changes have the greatest influence on the improvement of the
EPI.
Aberrant static and dynamic functional patterns of frontoparietal control network in antipsychotic‐naïve first‐episode psychosis subjects
Authors: Briend Frederic , Armstrong William P. , Kraguljac Nina V. , Keilhloz Shella D. , Lahti Adrienne C. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPsychotic disorders are disabling clinical syndromes characterized by widespread alterations in cortical information processing. Disruption of frontoparietal network (FPN) connectivity has emerged as a common footprint across the psychosis spectrum. Our goal was to characterize the static and dynamic resting‐state functional connectivity (FC) of the FPN in antipsychotic‐naïve first‐episode psychosis (FEP) subjects. We compared the static FC of the FPN in 40 FEP and 40 healthy control (HC) subjects, matched on age, sex, and socioeconomic status. To study the dynamic FC, we measured quasiperiodic patterns (QPPs) that consist of infraslow spatioemporal patterns embedded in the blood oxygen level‐dependent signal that repeats over time, exhibiting alternation of high and low activity. Relative to HC, we found functional hypoconnectivity between the right middle frontal gyrus and the right middle temporal gyrus, as well as the left inferior temporal gyrus and the left inferior parietal gyrus in FEP (p < .05, false discovery rate corrected). The correlation of the QPP with all functional scans was significantly stronger for FEP compared to HC, suggesting a greater impact of the QPPs to intrinsic brain activity in psychotic population. Regressing the QPP from the functional scans erased all significant group differences in static FC, suggesting that abnormal connectivity in FEP could result from altered QPP. Our study supports that alterations of cortical information processing are not a function of psychotic chronicity or antipsychotic medication exposure and may be regarded as trait specific. In addition, static connectivity abnormality may be partly related to altered brain network temporal dynamics.
Rapid implementation of an evidence‐based remote triaging system for assessment of suspected referrals and patients with head and neck cancer on follow‐up after treatment during the COVID‐19 pandemic: Model for international collaboration
Authors: Paleri Vinidh , Hardman John , Tikka Theofano , Bradley Paula , Pracy Paul , Kerawala Cyrus 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundOutpatient telemedicine consultations are being adopted to triage patients for head and neck cancer. However, there is currently no established structure to frame this consultation.MethodsFor suspected referrals with cancer, we adapted the Head and Neck Cancer Risk Calculator (HaNC‐RC)‐V.2, generated from 10 244 referrals with the following diagnostic efficacy metrics: 85% sensitivity, 98.6% negative predictive value, and area under the curve of 0.89. For follow‐up patients, a symptom inventory generated from 5123 follow‐up consultations was used. A customized Excel Data Tool was created, trialed across professional groups and made freely available for download at www.entintegrate.co.uk/entuk2wwtt, alongside a user guide, protocol, and registration link for the project. Stakeholder support was obtained from national bodies.ResultsNo remote consultations were refused by patients. Preliminary data from 511 triaging episodes at 13 centers show that 77.1% of patients were discharged directly or have had their appointments deferred.DiscussionSignificant reduction in footfall can be achieved using a structured triaging system. Further refinement of HaNC‐RC‐V.2 is feasible and the authors welcome international collaboration.
C24‐Ceramide Drives Gallbladder Cancer Progression Through Directly Targeting Phosphatidylinositol 5‐Phosphate 4‐Kinase Type‐2 Gamma to Facilitate Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Signaling Activation
Authors: Zhang Yonglong , Wang Hui , Chen Tao , Wang Haolu , Liang Xiaowen ,   ,, Zhang Yuchen , Duan Jinlin , Qian Shenjiao , Qiao Ke , Zhang Lei , Liu Yanfeng , Wang Jian 
Published: May 2020

Background and Aims
The wide prevalence of chemoresistance and compromised early diagnosis of gallbladder cancer (GBC) has led to poor patient prognosis, requiring sustained efforts for the identification of effective biomarkers and therapeutic intervention. Ceramides have emerged as intracellular signaling molecules linked to tumorigenesis and therapeutic response in cancers. However, the clinical relevance of ceramides with GBC has not been investigated.

Approach and Results
In the present study, we revealed aberrant gene expressions (e.g., serine palmitoyltransferase 1 [SPTLC1] and ceramide synthase 2 [CERS2]) of de novo ceramide biosynthesis and length‐specific ceramide production in GBC tissues. Analyses of serum ceramide pattern in healthy controls, gallbladder stone, and GBC patients identified C24‐Ceramide as a potential diagnostic biomarker for patients with GBC. Importantly, elevation of SPTLC1, CERS2, and its product, C24‐Ceramide, was associated with tumor staging, distal metastasis, and worse prognosis. In line with this, C24‐Ceramide promoted GBC cell proliferation and migration in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, C24‐Ceramide directly bound to phosphatidylinositol 5‐phosphate 4‐kinase type‐2 gamma (PIP4K2C), a regulator of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), to facilitate mTOR complex formation and activation. C6‐Ceramide, an analogue of natural ceramide, competed with C24‐Ceramide for PIP4K2C binding, thereby abrogating C24‐Ceramide–mediated mTOR signaling activation and oncogenic activity. Furthermore, stimulation with C6‐Ceramide significantly suppressed the proliferative and metastatic capacity of GBC cells in vitro and in vivo, which was dependent on PIP4K2C.

Conclusions
Our findings highlight the clinical relevance of ceramide metabolism with GBC progression and identify C24‐Ceramide as a diagnostic biomarker for GBC. We propose that PIP4K2C is indispensable for C6‐Ceramide as a potential therapeutic intervention for GBC through a direct competition with C24‐Ceramide.