bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SELF-IDENTIFIED MISOPHONIA PHENOMENOLOGY, IMPACT, AND CLINICAL CORRELATES
Authors: Claiborn James M , Dozier Thomas H , Hart Stephanie L , Lee Jaehoon 
Published: November 2020

Misophonia is a newly recognized condition involving adverse emotional reactions to environmental sounds, most often produced by other people. This study reports results of a survey describing the phenomenology of misophonia based on a large sample. Survey data were collected from individuals self-identified as having misophonia. A total of 1,061 individuals reported specific distressing reactions to sounds, and responses indicating severity of misophonia and perceived comorbidity. Over 82% of respondents were female. The average age of the study participants was 37.49 years (SD = 12.24; range from 18 to 72). Most respondents reported multiple triggers and adverse emotional reactions, as well as multiple coping responses. The majority of respondents reported comorbid diagnoses. Misophonia severity is described, as well as impact on quality of life. A minority of respondents had some experience with treatment and most reported no change in symptoms. Treatments reported for misophonia were typically ineffective, and once developed, misophonia symptoms persist. The results of the study showed that misophonia is a newly recognized condition that appears to have important impact on people’s lives. It typically develops in early life, and is associated with a reduced quality of life, substantial comorbidity, negative emotional experiences, and behaviors that are likely to impact interpersonal relationships.
Intervención educativa en la mejora de los estilos de vida saludables y autocuidado de la salud de las mujeres del programa de vaso de leche.
Authors: Prado Juscamaita Justina Isabel , Huamán de La Cruz Gloria Haydee , Tueros Espinoza Julio Constantino 
Published: November 2020

Objetivo. Demostrar la efectividad de la intervención educativa en la mejorara de los estilos de vida saludables y el autocuidado de las mujeres adultas del programa de vaso de leche de la Municipalidad de Pillcomarca, Huánuco, Perú. Métodos. Se trabajó con un diseño cuasi experimental de pre y post prueba de un sólo grupo, cuya muestra fueron 26 mujeres líderes. Antes y después de la intervención se aplicaron los Test de evaluación para medir los estilos de vida saludables y autocuidado. Resultados. En cuanto a los resultados encontrados antes de la intervención educativa un 57,7 % tenían estilos de vida no saludables, disminuyendo en el post test a un 7,7 %; mientras en relación a estilos de vida saludable de un 46,2 % en el pre test se incrementó a 92,3 % en el post test. Igualmente, en cuanto a prácticas inadecuadas de autocuidado de 92,3 % en el pre test disminuyó a 53,8 % después de la intervención. Conclusión. Las prácticas adecuadas de autocuidado en el pretest de 7,7 % se incrementó a 46,2 % en el postest; y los estilos de vida saludable de un 46,2 % en el pre test se incrementó a 92,3% evidenciándose claramente el efecto positivo de la intervención educativa hacia una conducta favorable para la salud de las mujeres.
Discovery of Raman-scattered He ii λ6545 in the Planetary Nebulae NGC 6886 and NGC 6881
Authors: Choi Bo-Eun , Lee Hee-Won 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Young planetary nebulae (PNe) retain a large amount of neutral material that was shed in the previous asymptotic giant branch stage. The thick H i region in young PNe can be effectively probed by illuminating far-UV radiation that may be inelastically scattered to appear in the optical region. Raman-scattered features are unique spectroscopic tracers of neutral regions that can be used to investigate the mass-loss process in young PNe. We conduct high-resolution spectroscopy of young PNe using the Bohyunsan Observatory Echelle Spectrograph (BOES) and report the discovery of a Raman-scattered He ii feature at 6545 Å in NGC 6886 and NGC 6881. The Raman-scattered He ii features have been found in only five PNe so far, and in particular, it is the first direct detection of an H i component in NGC 6881. The Raman He ii λ6545 features in the two PNe are observed to be redshifted with respect to He ii λ6560, indicating that the neutral regions are expanding. We perform line profile analyses using the grid-based Monte Carlo code “STaRS” by assuming a neutral hydrogen region in the shape of a partial spherical shell expanding radially. The profiles are well fitted with the model parameters of covering factor CF = 0.3, H i column density N
HI = 5 × 1020 cm−2, and expansion speed

for NGC 6886 and CF = 0.6, N
HI = 3 × 1020 cm−2, and

for NGC 6881, respectively.
Eisenstein et le kabuki
Authors: Château Dominique 
Published: November 2020

« Il semble que tous les arts aient, à travers les siècles, tendu vers le cinéma. Inversement le cinéma aide à comprendre leurs méthodes » a dit Eisenstein. Le kabuki participe de cette hypothèse, il vient joindre les arts dont l’approfondissement est censé bénéficier de la perspective de la théorie du montage. Réciproquement, dans les textes d’Eisenstein, ce théâtre japonais, traditionnel quoique toujours vivace, vient appuyer la théorie du montage cinématographique, anticipant même son extension au-delà du visuel. D’où une hésitation possible entre l’hypothèse que le kabuki est un modèle du cinéma et celle que le cinéma est un modèle du kabuki. Centrée sur les textes du cinéaste de 1928-1929 et sur les données disponibles relatives à la venue d’une troupe de kabuki en URSS en 1928 qui marque la rencontre d’Eisenstein avec ce type de spectacle, cette étude met en lumière le caractère intermédial du kabuki aux niveaux interne et externe, monosémiotique et polysémiotique, conduisant à une conception du montage comme art contrapuntique.
Adorno à Malibu : les enjeux critiques du slapstick, entre modernité technologique et résurgence « grotesque »
Authors: Guido Laurent 
Published: November 2020

La réflexion sur le slapstick (appelé confusément « burlesque » en France), dans le sillage des perspectives tracées par Tom Gunning, s’est penchée sur les rapports entre le cinéma comique américain « muet » et son contexte technologique. Dans cette introduction on met en évidence les tensions qui ont pu apparaître dans le discours de critiques, théoriciens et artistes se réclamant souvent du marxisme qui furent fascinés par un « américanisme » reposant les bases mêmes de l’efficience capitaliste. Au sein du courant de la « théorie critique » – Theodor Adorno, Walter Benjamin, Siegfried Kracauer –, dont les propositions sur le cinéma et les médias suscitent depuis quelques années un indéniable regain d’intérêt, les positions sont contrastées. Si Benjamin estime qu’en exploitant leur essence mécanique les films comiques sont susceptibles de faire émerger une prise de conscience critique et militante au sein de la foule réunie dans la salle, pour Adorno, le rire qui éclate dans cette salle est aux antipodes d’une posture révolutionnaire : il est « rempli du pire sadisme bourgeois ». Avec l’exemple de Chaplin apparaît cependant un rire archaïque, dont les fondements anthropologiques sont antérieurs à l’avènement de la modernité technologique. Pour Hanns Eisler, la « division du travail » n’a rien à faire dans l’art chaplinien qui, retournant à des spectacles populaires non légitimés, est susceptible de « trouver accès à des énergies collectives » libératrices.
Les « deux » versions de The Gold Rush (la Ruée vers l’or)
Authors: Bordat Francis 
Published: November 2020

Le 16 avril 1942, jour du 53e anniversaire de Charlie Chaplin, United Artists sort sur les écrans américains une réédition de la Ruée vers l’or (The Gold Rush) dont la version muette datait de 1925. Chaplin a passé presque un an (juin 1941 à avril 1942) à remonter et sonoriser son film. Ne pouvant plus utiliser le négatif du montage original, ni les interpositifs et les contretypes correspondants, à cause des faux raccords dus à l’extraction des cartons, il recourut aux prises conservées de la caméra no 2 (il tournait toujours avec deux caméras, par sécurité), et aux rushes inutilisés et archivés. Comme, pour des raisons techniques, les prises de la seconde caméra n’étaient pas tout à fait dans le même axe que celles de la première, des suppressions de plans ou de scènes durent être effectuées ; plus encore des raisons de forme et de fond intervinrent avec des conséquences esthétiques ou idéologiques analysées dans cet article, qui décrit précisément ce qui distingue les deux versions en particulier dans deux séquences clés. Enfin en retraçant par le menu les avatars du matériel de 1925 qui aurait dû être détruit selon les volontés de Chaplin, on parvient, de versions pirates en reconstructions, à la conclusions qu’il existe à ce jour cinq versions de The Gold Rush repérées.
Un rythme irrésistible : attraction et mimétisme corporel aux sources du dispositif cinématographique
Authors: Guido Laurent 
Published: November 2020

Cet essai revient sur un motif bien connu du premier cinéma comique, où un mouvement d’ordre « contagieux », associé à de nouvelles formes de danse, se transmet mimétiquement d’un personnage à un autre. Déjà envisagé sous l’angle des pathologies, ce phénomène d’« imitation inconsciente » renvoie aussi au dispositif spectaculaire lui-même, ainsi qu’à des mécanismes perceptifs propres à l’activité des spectateurs, ce que révèle la prise en compte des conceptions du rythme corporel autour de 1900. Cette approche met en avant des problématiques moins liées aux traumatismes qu’à des enjeux de pouvoir, contribuant de ce fait à une réflexion sur les usages historiques et les conceptions théoriques de l’attraction.
Disruption of coniferophagous bark beetle (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) mass attack using angiosperm nonhost volatiles: from concept to operational use
Authors: Huber Dezene P.W. , Fettig Christopher J. , Borden John H. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAlthough the use of nonhost plants intercropped among host crops has been a standard agricultural practice for reducing insect herbivory for millennia, the use of nonhost signals to deter forest pests is much more recent, having been developed over the past several decades. Early exploratory studies with synthetic nonhost volatile semiochemicals led to targeted electrophysiological and trapping experiments on a variety of bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) across three continents. This work disclosed a suite of antennally and behaviourally active nonhost volatiles, which are detected in common across a range of coniferophagous bark beetles. It also established the fact that dispersing bark and ambrosia beetles detect nonhost signals while in flight and avoid nonhost trees without necessarily landing on them. Later work showed that groups of synthetic nonhost volatiles, sometimes combined with insect-derived antiaggregants, are effective in protecting individual trees and forest stands. Further work in this system may lead to the development of a variety of new and useful tactics for use in various integrated pest management strategies.
Position-Dependent Differential Targeting of Somatic Hypermutation
Authors: Zhou Julian Q. , Kleinstein Steven H. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractSomatic hypermutation (SHM) generates much of the Ab diversity necessary for affinity maturation and effective humoral immunity. The activation-induced cytidine deaminase–induced DNA lesions and error-prone repair that underlie SHM are known to exhibit intrinsic biases when targeting the Ig sequences. Computational models for SHM targeting often model the targeting probability of a nucleotide in a motif-based fashion, assuming that the same DNA motif is equally likely to be targeted regardless of its position along the Ig sequence. The validity of this assumption, however, has not been rigorously studied in vivo. In this study, by analyzing a large collection of 956,157 human Ig sequences while controlling for the confounding influence of selection, we show that the likelihood of a DNA 5-mer motif being targeted by SHM is not the same at different positions in the same Ig sequence. We found position-dependent differential SHM targeting for about three quarters of the 38 and 269 unique motifs from more than half of the 292 and 1912 motif–allele pairs analyzed using productive and nonproductive Ig sequences, respectively. The direction of the differential SHM targeting was largely conserved across individuals with no allele-specific effect within an IgH variable gene family, but was not consistent with general decay of SHM targeting with increasing distance from the transcription start site. However, SHM targeting did correlate positively with the mutability of the wider sequence neighborhood surrounding the motif. These findings provide insights and future directions for computational efforts toward modeling SHM.
Essential Role of Neutrophils in the Protective Immune Response Induced by a Live Attenuated Leishmania Vaccine
Authors: Bhattacharya Parna , Dey Ranadhir , Saxena Ankit , Karmakar Subir , Ismail Nevien , Gannavaram Sreenivas , Dagur Pradeep K. , Satoskar Monika , Satoskar Sanika , De Paoli Silvia , Takeda Kazuyo , McCoy John Philip , Nakhasi Hira L. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
No licensed vaccine exists against visceral leishmaniasis (VL), a disease caused by the Leishmania donovani parasite. We have previously reported both macrophages and dendritic cells play important role in the protection induced by a live attenuated centrin gene–deleted L. donovani (LdCen−/−) parasite vaccine. The role of neutrophils in orchestrating the initial innate response to pathogens is widely recognized. To investigate the early interaction of LdCen−/− with neutrophils, we immunized mice intradermally in the ear pinna with LdCen−/−. Compared with LdWT infection, LdCen−/− parasites induced higher recruitment of neutrophils to the ear dermis and ear draining lymph nodes (dLN) as early as 6–18 h after immunization, which were predominantly proinflammatory in nature. Neutrophils from ear dLN of LdCen−/−-immunized mice exhibited heightened expression of costimulatory molecules and attenuated expression of coinhibitory molecules necessary for higher T cell activation. Further phenotypic characterization revealed heterogeneous neutrophil populations containing Nα and Nβ subtypes in the ear dLN. Of the two, the parasitized Nα subset from LdCen−/−-immunized mice exhibited much stronger Ag-specific CD4+ T cell proliferation ex vivo. Adoptive transfer of neutrophils bearing LdCen−/− parasites induced an increased Th1 response in naive mice. Importantly, neutrophil depletion significantly abrogated Ag-specific CD4+ T cell proliferation in LdCen−/−-immunized mice and impaired protection against virulent challenge. Conversely, replenishing of neutrophils significantly restored the LdCen−/− -induced host-protective response. These results suggest that neutrophils are indispensable for protective immunity induced by LdCen−/− parasite vaccine.
Glycine 236 in the Lower Hinge Region of Human IgG1 Differentiates FcγR from Complement Effector Function
Authors: Brinkhaus Maximilian , Douwes Ruben G. J. , Bentlage Arthur E. H. , Temming A. Robin , de Taeye Steven W. , Tammes Buirs Matthias , Gerritsen Jacoline , Mok Juk Yee , Brasser Giso , Ligthart Peter C. , van Esch Wim J. E. , Verheesen Peter , de Haard Hans , Rispens Theo , Vidarsson Gestur 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Abs of the IgG isotype mediate effector functions like Ab-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and Ab-dependent cellular phagocytosis by Fc interactions with FcγRs and complement-dependent cytotoxicity upon IgG-Fc binding to C1q. In this study, we describe the crucial role of the highly conserved dual glycines at position 236–237 in the lower hinge region of human IgG, including the lack of one glycine as found in IgG2. We found several permutations in this region that either silence or largely abrogate FcγR binding and downstream FcγR effector functions, as demonstrated by surface plasmon resonance, Ab-dependent cellular phagocytosis, and Ab-dependent cellular cytotoxicity assays. Although the binding regions of FcγRs and C1q on the IgG-Fc largely overlap, IgG1 with a deletion of G236 only silences FcγR-mediated effector functions without affecting C1q-binding or activation. Several mutations resulted in only residual FcγRI binding with differing affinities that are either complement competent or silenced. Interestingly, we also found that IgG2, naturally only binding FcγRIIa, gains binding to FcγRI and FcγRIIIa after insertion of G236, highlighting the crucial importance of G236 in IgG for FcγR interaction. These mutants may become invaluable tools for FcγR-related research as well as for therapeutic purposes in which only complement-mediated functions are required without the involvement of FcγR.
Depression among infertile women in Ogbomosoland
Authors: Oladeji S. A. , OlaOlorun A. D. 
Published: November 2020

Background: Infertility is a major medical condition that affects many married couples globally and it has immense psycho-social impact on couples, especially in Africa where a high premium is placed on child-bearing. This study therefore determined the prevalence of and the factors associated with depression among infertile women in Ogbomoso, Southwest Nigeria.Methods: The study was a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out at the gynaecology clinic of the Bowen University Teaching Hospital using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 to screen for and determine the severity of depression as well as assess the social functioning of the respondents. A total of 110 women with infertility were recruited. Data was analysed using SPSS® (version 20) with statistical significance set at less than 0.05.Results: The study found a depression prevalence of 52.7%. There was no significant association between the age group of therespondents (p = 0.889), their level of education (p = 0.731), years since marriage (p = 0.38), type of infertility (p = 0.873), number of living children (p = 0.226), sex of the children (p = 0.257) and depression. Depression was, however, significantly associated with impairment in social functioning of the respondents (p = 0.005).Conclusion: Depression is a very common co-morbidity in infertile women. It should not only be screened for among infertilewomen, but physicians attending to such women need to offer psycho-social support as part of care for these women.
Adult binge drinking: rate, frequency and intensity in Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality, South Africa
Authors: Owolabi Eyitayo Omolara , Ter Goon Daniel , Adeniyi Oladele Vincent , Seekoe Eunice 
Published: November 2020

Background: Binge drinking (BD) is a significant risk factor for several acute and chronic illnesses, including injuries. This study examines the rate, frequency and intensity of BD in Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality (BCMM), South Africa.Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey of 998 adults attending the three largest outpatient clinics in BCMM. Rate, frequency and intensity of BD were assessed using the WHO STEPwise questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential statistics were carried out to determine the rate and determinants of binge drinking.Results: The overall rate of BD was 15.0%. Frequency and intensity of BD were 5.4 episodes per month and 13.4 drinks on one occasion, respectively. The study data showed that BD was commoner in males than females (24.0% vs. 10.8%). Smokers engagemore in BD than non-smokers (44.0% vs. 9.9%). In the analysis of socio-demographic variables, BD was commonest among students, age group 18–25 years, those never married and those on incomes between 2001 and 5000 Rand per month. In themultivariate logistic regression, after adjusting for confounders, only age less than 25 years (p 0.001) and male gender (p 0.001) were significant predictors of binge drinking. Also, male gender (p = 0.002) was significantly associated with frequency of BD. There was no significant gender variation in the intensity of BD. Only age and smoking were significantly associated with the intensity of BD.Conclusion: The rate of binge drinking was high among the study participants, and those who binge drink tend to do so frequently and at a high intensity. Women who binge drink also do so at a high intensity. There is a need for sensitisation campaigns and health advocacy talks on the dangers associated with binge drinking among young adults in this setting.
Medico-legal aspects regarding drunk driving: experience and competency in practice of community service doctors
Authors: Fouché L. , Bezuidenhout J. , Liebenberg C. , Adefuyea A. O. 
Published: November 2020

Background: Drunk driving has been reported to increase the risk of road traffic accidents associated with death and severe injury. In South Africa, an increase in blood alcohol concentration of as little as 0.01 g per 100 ml above the legal limit may warrant criminal prosecution or the denial of an insurance claim for damages. However, multiple court cases have been withdrawn because of the incompetence of officials at various stages of the investigation. The scope of the mistakes range from poor scene handling to the incorrect handling of blood samples at the laboratory to eventual laboratory testing of blood samples. Using a group of community service doctors (CSDs) as a cohort study group, this study investigated the competency of medical graduates in relation to the medico-legal aspects of drunk driving.Methods: A self-administered questionnaire-based study was done with 150 CSDs. The questionnaire was administered in Afrikaans and English and was dispatched electronically via e-mail. All potential participants were contacted telephonically to obtain verbal consent. Results are displayed as percentages.Results: A response rate of 59.3% was achieved. The results obtained in this study confirm that some CSDs lack competency in handling medico-legal aspects relating to drunk driving, and are thus unable to serve the communities they have been assigned to adequately. Their lack of skills and knowledge suggests that the present undergraduate Clinical Forensic Medicine curriculum is inadequate.Conclusion: It would be beneficial to revise the curriculum for Clinical Forensic Medicine in undergraduate medical training to address the gap in knowledge and practice of various demands of forensic medicine required from new medical graduates and CSDs.
PENSAR E FAZER A EDUCAÇÃO E FORMAÇÃO HUMANA EM TEMPOS DE CRISE
Authors: Nedel Oliveira Victor Hugo 
Published: November 2020

Trata-se de resenha crítica da obra "Educação e formação humana: práticas de enfrentamento em tempos de crise", de organização de CARVALHO, Maria Vilani Cosme de; MARQUES, Eliana de Sousa Alencar; ARAUJO Francisco Antonio Machado e publicada em 2020, pela EDUFPI.