bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application Status and Analysis of BIM in Pit Engineering
Authors: Li Xiaojun , Zhang Xianyu , Shen Yi , Bai Yun , Yang Guanghui 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BIM has developed rapidly in recent years, but there are still problems in the field of pit engineering, such as lack of standards, missing data, and incompatibility of software. The keyword co-occur net and the publication status from CNKI and web of science are overviewed, and the application cases of design, construction and monitoring phases are analysed. Then some typical problems are summarized, such as the difficulty in establishing the interfaces between BIM and FEM software, low utilization in a project and the BIM platform problem. And suggestions for the development in pit engineering are introduced, including formulating standards and codes, developing localization geotechnical BIM software and further research on BIM/FEM integration.
A Research on Key Technologies in All-Optical Label Switching Networks
Authors: Yan Yuchen 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
With the rapid development of Internet technology, the capacity of communication system is increasing rapidly and traditional switching technology based on optical-electrical-optical (O/E/O) conversion cannot satisfy requirements for information exchange. Construction of a high-speed, large-capacity, high-bandwidth all-optical switching network will be the future direction of communication systems. In this paper, the key technologies in all-optical label switching networks are investigated. First, five kinds of optical label technologies are studied. The principles and implementation methods of them are analyzed and compared. Then, optical switching fabrics based on different kinds of optical switches are discussed. Next, a 160Gb/s Optical Time Division Multiplexing (OTDM) signal 1 × 8 packet switching experiment is introduced. Finally, the research work is summarized, and the design of core nodes in optical packet switching network is prospected.
Plant-derived anthocyanin extract for qualitative test of food additives and preservatives
Authors: Do Thi-An-Sa , Thach-Nguyen Roya , Lam Hoa-Hung , Dang-Bao Trung 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In this study, anthocyanin was extracted from purple cabbage and skin of vigna cylindrica skeels in aqueous solution at room temperature. The anthocyanin extracts indicated the pH-dependent color changes, envisaging the detection of the chemicals involving urea, nitrite, benzoate, formaldehyde and borax. The response time of the tests was quickly (either immediately or less than 5 min) and the solution colors were stable until 1 hour, offering the good sensitivities towards formaldehyde (detection limit of 250 ppm) and borax (detection limit of 10 ppm).
Study of the influence of substrate bias voltage on the texture of Nb coatings deposited on a Cu substrate
Authors: Lozovan A A , Betsofen S Ya , Labutin A A , Lenkovets A S , Grushin I A , Aleksandrova S S 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The phase composition and texture of Nb coatings deposited using an inverted magnetron at voltages on the Cu substrate from 0 to –300 V were investigated by an X-ray method. With an increase in the voltage on the substrate, the thickness of the coating decreases from 9–10 μm at voltages up to –100 V and decreases to 2 μm at –250 V. The texture of the coatings varies non-monotonically from (110) to (111), while at high voltages on the substrate in the range from –250 to –300 V, the Nb coating is characterized by a textureless state.
Influence of nanoparticle additions to the electrolyte on the structure, composition and corrosion resistance of oxide layers formed by PEO on cast Mg alloy
Authors: Polunin A V , Cheretaeva A O , Borgardt E D , Shafeev M R , Katsman A V , Krishtal M M 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The effect of various nanoparticles (NPs) added to the electrolyte on the composition, structure, and properties of oxide layers formed by plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) on a cast magnesium alloy AZ81A was studied in this work. The oxide layers were obtained by alternating adding silicon dioxide SiO2, silicon nitride Si3N4, yttrium oxide Y2O3, tungsten carbide WC, and titanium carbide TiC NPs to the electrolyte. The obtained oxide layers were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis (EDXMA), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), instrumental indentation and potentiodynamic polarization (PDP). The thickness, roughness, microhardness, adhesion and corrosion resistance of the oxide layers were determined. The greatest increase in the oxide layer thickness, in its hardness and corrosion resistance was observed for TiC and WC NPs added to the electrolyte during PEO. The addition of Si3N4 NPs leads to a decrease in the oxide layer thickness and its hardness, while the corrosion resistance is comparable to the one of the uncoated magnesium alloy.
Parameterization of the characteristics of the melt pool using the video diagnostics of the laser metal deposition process
Authors: Zavalov Yu N , Dubrov A V , Makarova E S 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The dependences of the geometric characteristics of the melt bath on the scanning velocity and radiation power during laser metal deposition (LMD) are shown. The data were obtained experimentally at different values of the intensity Is up to 60 kW/cm2 in the range of changes in the specific energy per unit surface area Es (20…60) j/mm2 using the high-speed video camera installed in coaxial scheme. A powder (40…100) microns of PR-Kh18N9 austenitic steel with a mass flow rate of 8.4 g/min was used. It is found that the length of the melt pool L increases with the growth of Is and practically does not depend on the scanning velocity in the range (5…10) mm/s. The melt volume is estimated taking into account the measured track height. At the same velocity, the volume of the melt increases with the value of the Is exceeding the threshold. The value of threshold increases with increasing velocity. The volume of the melt increases with the specific energy Es. The relationship between the geometric characteristics of the melt bath and the shape of the track formed in the LMD process is shown.
Fuel metering and control optimization based on combustion state diagnosis
Authors: Wang X H , Chen H T , Zhu X X , Zhang J L , Liu W L , He H H 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
It is hard to accurately meter the fuel feed into the furnace for a double-in and double-out pulverizing system, which affects the fuel control quality and also the main steam pressure of a boiler. A correction method for the indirect measurement model of the coal metering feed into the furnace for double-in and double-out pulverizing system is proposed based on the combustion state diagnosis of a burner using fuzzy C-mean clustering method, of which is applied in a 620MW super critical power unit. The engineering application results suggested that the method of this work is effective to improve the fuel control quality during the mill start and stop process. By using the method of this work, the controlling deviation between the target value and the measured value of the main steam pressure is within 0.2 MPa, while it is about 0.6 MPa when the fuel control is without correction.
Spatial and Temporal Evolution in the Unsaturated Zone of Pollutants Resulting from Accidental Discharges of Petroleum Products
Authors: Simion Alexandru Florin , Călămar Angelica , Simion Sorin , Kovacs Marius 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The exploitation and processing of oil resources are factors of regional progress and development; in this regard, the final products resulting from exploitation and subsequent refining can be accidentally spilt on the ground destabilizing the relationships between flora, fauna, water and soil, generating irreversible effects on terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. The impact of the effects generated by petroleum products on soil and water resources is limiting nature and imposes severe measures to restrict the resources used for economic, administrative and consumption purposes. Experimental research involves the usage of geostatistical methods for modelling the unsaturated area and the usage of specialized applications for estimating the dispersion of pollutants in the studied area based on an accidental pollution scenario. The application of the method used in the areas with a significant risk of contamination (oil fields) it aims to identify the movement of the contaminant at various times and concentrations in order to choose the best measures to reduce and minimize pollution of the unsaturated (vadose) zone. The objectives of the reduction and minimization measures are to limit the transfer of contaminants in the saturated area or to the strategic drinking water reserves. The applied method supports researchers, hydrologists, hydrogeologists, environmental engineers who want to deepen the transition elements of the pollutant in the unsaturated area, the phenomenology and dispersion of pollutants in waters located in the unsaturated area and the problems caused by pollutants on the environment.
Study of high temperature oxidation of zirconium fuel element claddings with chromiferous coatings
Authors: Polunin K K , Mokrushin A A , Urusov A A 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This paper presents the results of the study of resistance to corrosion of zirconium fuel element cladding fragments protected with nichrome and chrome coatings. Experiments were conducted on coatings deposition on fuel element claddings by cathodic arc deposition and electrochemical deposition methods. Argon ion beam pretreatment of the cladding surface is shown to have a beneficial effect on coating adhesion. Studies of resilience of the coatings were conducted in the atmosphere of super-heated steam at 900 °C and with an exposure of up to 10000 seconds. It has been shown that the coatings deposited impede formation of ZrO2 oxide layer at the outer surface and reduce the depth of oxygen penetration into the metallic sublayer as compared with the samples in their original condition.
Measurement of internal friction of Zr–1%Nb alloy after oxidation and nitriding
Authors: Anan’in V , Kalin B , Sumarokova A 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This paper presents results of research of the Zr–1% Nb alloy using internal friction on sheet samples after oxidation due to leakage of air into the measurement facility, as well as after nitriding in an atmosphere of technical nitrogen. The measured temperature dependences of internal friction have been separated into partial maxima with the calculation of the effective activation energy according to the Wert-Marx formula. The purpose of the work is to detect the maxima of the internal friction of interstitial impurities in the alloy. It has been established that the oxygen maximum in successive measurements has activation energy 225, 222, 204 kJ/mol, and the nitrogen maximum has 234–236 kJ/mol. After lengthy high-temperature measurements, a carbon maximum appeared with activation energy 165 kJ/mol. For the grainboundary maximum activation energy from 197 to 203 kJ/mol was obtained for different samples, while the maximum height monotonously decreased with oxidation. These results for the Zr–1% Nb alloy were obtained for the first time and can be useful in corrosion tests of zirconium alloys.
Obtaining permanent connections by electromagnetic method
Authors: Ageev S , Nescoromniy S , Strizakov E 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The article deals with the technological processes of magnetic pulse crimping for the production of non-removable metal, metal-glass and metal-ceramic units. The analysis of connection of stranded wires with tips of onboard cable networks of aviation and space equipment. Assembly of metal-glass fuses and metal-ceramic knots of electrovacuum devices is carried out. The use of uniform remote electromagnetic influence on the assembled units allows for more dense packing of conductive conductors in the contacts, eliminate soldering and provide heat dissipation in the insulation units of ultrahigh frequency devices.
Pulsed powder technologies for the production of permanent compounds from heterogeneous materials
Authors: Vinogradov V , Strizhakov E , Nescoromniy S 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
A study of the process of high-speed consolidation of powder materials with simultaneous formation of a welded joint with the surface of the metal base is presented. Thermal and power effects are used as a result of passing a current pulse through the powder composition and the inductor. The electric scheme of serial connection of a zone of processing and the magnetic hammer consisting of the flat inductor and the pusher is offered. The device of electric pulse welding-pressing is connected to the pulse current generator with a capacitive energy storage. Pulsed currents with amplitude of 200 – 300 kA allow to obtain Joule heat, warming up the composition to premelting temperatures (0.6 – 0.8) Tp., and magnetic pressure of 500·106 N / mm2 during the process (100 · 200) · 10−6 s. energy-intensive equipment up to 10 kJ with a discharge current frequency of 5 kHz is used. The study of the connection zone showed that the welding of the composition with monolithic materials occurs in the solid phase, no new structures are formed. The introduction of a monolithic material in the form of a wire into the pressing zone allows to obtain a connection of different materials with the preservation of the original structure. The powder composition is in this case the connecting element. Thus, copper compounds with steel, aluminum, brass and other materials are obtained. The dependences of the strength of compounds on the discharge energy of pulse current generator are obtained.
Botanical insecticide of chili and ginger extract on Nilaparvata lugens, brown planthopper
Authors: Noor Hasyierah M S , Norhidayah A , Rahayu M Alina , Adilah A , Nur Humaira I 
Published: December 2020

AbstractInvasion ofNilaparvata lugensor brown planthopper (BPH) in paddy fields has led to the use of excessive chemical insecticides due to its effectiveness. However, excessive applications has contributed several negative effects on the environment, farmers as well as non-targeting organisms. As an alternative, a mixture of a botanical insecticide containing mixture of chili and ginger extracts have been studied. Three parameters were studied namely the extract concentration, time of exposure and temperature of exposure. The results showed that 90% of BPH mortality was found at 40% extract concentration with 72 hr duration time of exposure at optimal temperature 30°C. HPLC analysis proved the presence of capsaicin and gingerol at peaks of 4.502 min and 11.046 min respectively. From repellency analysis, the BPH showed selective repel action against the treated paddy. This is due to the pungent odor contributed from compound of gingerol, shogaol and capsaicin presented in the mixture. Meanwhile, contact toxicity studies have successfully give 100% of mortality of BPH. Microscopic analysis have shown BPH deformities was increased by the extract concentration.
Torrefaction of Leucaena Leucocephala in a fixed-bed reactor
Authors: Awang A N , Mohamed A R , Mohd Salleh N H 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Raw biomass contained low energy and high moisture content which contributed to its limitation as energy source. However, the biomass properties can be improved via torrefaction method. Torrefaction is a biomass pretreatment method that is performed between 200-300 °C using slow heating rate in an inert condition. In this study, Leucaena Leucocephala (Leucaena) was torrefied in a fixed-bed reactor at 20 °C/min from 200-300 °C at holding times of 20 min. The changes in the elemental and chemical properties of Leucaena were studied using a few methods of analysis such as proximate, elemental analysis and fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrophotometer. When the torrefaction temperature was increased from 200 to 300 °C, the oxygen to carbon (O/C) and hydrogen to carbon (H/C) ratio of torrefied Leucaena reduced significantly. From FTIR, the broad peak at wavenumber of approximately 3400 cm−1 due to the presence of OH group reduced in its intensity upon increasing torrefaction temperature from 200 to 300 °C which indicated that the degree of hydrophobicity of torrefied Leucaena had improved.
Comparison of Ultrasonic And Acoustic Sound Treatments on Grey Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus Sajor-caju) Cultivated on Sawdust And Kenaf Waste
Authors: Binti Hasnoel Mazidi Mazlin Nur Iman , Ibrahim Roshita , Teck Tan Soon 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Sound stimulation and substrate are among the main factors that enhance the formation of fruiting bodies in order to increase the productivity of grey oyster mushroom. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of ultrasonic and acoustics sound treatments on grey oyster mushroom (Pleurotus Sajor-caju) cultivated on rubber tree sawdust and kenaf waste. The growth performance, yield and post-harvest quality of grey oyster mushroom were determined. Mushroom bags were treated with ultrasonic and acoustic sound every 5 days intervals during mycelia growth. Sound treated mushroom bags had faster growth rate and treatment with acoustic sound appeared to be a better treatment among all the treatments. In terms of yield, sawdust obtained a relatively higher amount of total weight of fruiting bodies, greater biological efficiency and bigger number of fruiting bodies than kenaf waste. Acoustic sound contributed to a higher in yield but has the highest substrate utilization among all treatments. Sawdust shows no significant different (p>0.05) in physical characteristics such as pileus diameter compared to kenaf waste but both of them showed significant different (p<0.05) among different treatments. Acoustic sound had firmer and showed relatively darker compared to other treatments. Substrate of sawdust had a relatively higher of moisture content of pileus and stem than kenaf waste. Among all the treatments used, mushroom bag treated with acoustic and cultivated on sawdust was the best treatment due to is relatively faster growth performance and higher yield.
Kinetics Analysis on Catalytic Pyrolysis of Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) with Copper Oxide Doped Aluminium Oxide (CuO/Al2O3) Catalyst
Authors: Mohamed A R , Zin A M , Ahmad Termizi S N A , Sohaimi K S A , Izhar N I I N 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This study focuses on dynamic non-catalytic and catalytic pyrolysis of empty fruit bunch (EFB) with copper oxide doped aluminium oxide (CuO/Al2O3) at linear ramp rates of 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 40 °Cmin−1 at pyrolysis temperature of 28-1000 °C in a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA). The thermogravimetric profiles for the thermochemical breakdown of EFB under non-catalytic and catalytic pyrolysis with CuO/Al2O3 comprise of three different levels. The kinetics analysis for the reactions were evaluated using the Kissinger and Ozawa methods. The values of activation energy (Ea) for non-catalytic EFB pyrolysis were 167.95 and 177.68 kJmol−1 based on Kissinger and Ozawa methods respectively. For catalytic pyrolysis with approximately 9.09 wt% CuO/Al2O3 catalyst, the values of Ea reduced to 127.72 and 137.42 kJmol−1 by Kissinger and Ozawa methods respectively. These values indicate that the presence of 9.09 wt% CuO/Al2O3 catalyst has successfully reduced Ea value for the EFB pyrolysis reaction.
Compost Physical Properties Study on Degradation of Poultry Manure Composting in Closed-Aerated Composter
Authors: Zailani S N , Lee C T , Zainol N A , Yusoff N A , Sohaimi K S A 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
A variety of parameters including physical, chemical, and biological properties of different input materials contribute to different composting performance. This study aimed to investigate the compost physical properties (bulk density, porosity, specific surface area and water holding capacity) on the composting process at different initial moisture content (MC). The degradation of total organic carbon (TOC) for the compost inoculated with Bacillus coagulans (BC) and effective microorganism (EM) was determined. The composting materials consisted of 50 % sawdust, 12 % chicken dung and 38 % rice husk with a fixed initial C/N ratio of 30. A closed-aerated composter was fabricated with an optimum air flow rate of 0.3 L/min.kg compost to avoid O2 limitation for 7 d of composting. The compost temperature was recorded to exhibit the active reaction between microorganisms and compost materials will generate a considerable amount of heat. The effect of the initial MC of the compost bed has been intensively investigated with regards to compaction analysis and compost particle for the composting inoculated with BC or EM in an aerated closed-system composter. The results showed that composting using the single strain of BC provides comparable results to that degraded by the commercial mixed culture EM.
Removal of methylene blue using magnetic multi-walled carbon nanotubes: process optimization study
Authors: Lim C C , Shuit S H , Enche Ab Rahim S K , Hoo P Y , Ng Q H 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Adsorption is the most common methods used in industry for the removal of dye. In this study, magnetic multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MMWCNTs) was served as adsorbent for the removal of methylene blue (MB). Statistical optimization of the MB removal efficiency via response surface methodology coupled with central composite design was performed and reported. It was observed that all three experimental parameters: adsorption temperature (25-50°C), MB concentration (10-50 ppm) and MMWCNTs dosage (0.01-0.05 g/20mL) were significant in the removal of MB. The optimized conditions of 99.21 % MB removal efficiency can be achieved at adsorption temperature of 38°C, MB concentration of 23 ppm and MMWCNTs dosage of 0.033 g/20mL. The verification of the prediction was performed with 3 repeated experiments and the results were found to be in good agreement with the experimental data with only 0.21 % error.
The influences of filler loading on tensile properties and water absorption properties of carbonized sugarcane bagasse filled high density polyethylene (HDPE) composite
Authors: Mohammad Shah S S , Munirah N R , Noriman N Z 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This study synthesized carbonized sugarcane bagasse (CSB) filled high density polyethylene (HDPE) composites. The effect of pre-treatment reagent of SB with different concentration of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) was examined. The untreated, treated and carbonized SB were characterized by proximate analysis and functional group analysis. By considering all the characteristics, 7 wt% is the optimum concentration which gave lowest moisture content and highest fixed carbon (FC) content. It was chosen to undergo carbonization process at temperature of 600 °C to produce CSB and used as filler in composites. The filler with different loading was mixed with HDPE via extrusion process. The tensile properties, surface morphology and water absorption behaviour of the bio-composites were evaluated. As filler loading increased, the Young’s modulus was increasing gradually. Meanwhile, the tensile strength and elongation at break were increasing up to 5 wt% but then decreasing as filler content increased due to the formation of filler agglomeration in HDPE matrix. The deterioration of the interfacial adhesion of these composites was confirmed by the SEM observations. The percentage of water absorption is gradually increased with increasing the filler loading. In short, the optimum filler loading at 5 wt% imparts good tensile and water absorption properties of composites.