bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
It Is Only Gazouz: Muslims and Champagne in the Colonial Maghreb
Authors: Studer Nina S. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
French authors in the nineteenth century assumed that before the colonial conquest of the Maghreb, all Muslims in the region had abstained from alcohol. As a consequence, they were both surprised at and fascinated by the alcohol consumption of the colonised Muslims in the Maghreb, which they interpreted as an irreversible break with Islam (i.e. turning drinkers into apostates) and a necessary consequence of the spread of French colonialism. Some French authors even tentatively interpreted alcohol-drinking Muslims as showing signs of assimilating French culture and thus – in the colonial worldview – advancing in civilisation, while others regretted both their loss of abstinence as well as their alleged taste for particularly strong forms of alcohol, such as absinthe.
This article will focus on the consumption of champagne. The French discourse on Muslim champagne drinkers focused on often ridiculed “justifications”, allegedly reported to French settlers and travellers in the Maghreb, through which Muslims “explained” why the consumption of champagne – as it was only “gazouz”, i.e. lemonade – did not constitute a transgression of one of the most visible of Islamic laws. These colonial descriptions of wine-abstaining, champagne-consuming Muslims offers an insight into how differences were created between coloniser and colonised, between civilised and primitive, and how the consumption of the same drink did not necessarily lead to a shared experience.
Modern Durgas Fighting against the Demons of Globalization
Authors: Cavaliere Stefania 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The analysis presented here focuses on the way the antithesis between the global and the local is approached from a literary point of view in the contemporary Indian context. Assuming an ecocritical perspective, it reinterprets literature on ecological themes as a tool to negotiate some spaces of autonomy from hegemonic models imposed by globalization on an economic, technological and cultural level. Global plans often collide with local ecosystems, upsetting their pre-existent equilibrium and always more frequently producing antagonism, resistance and overt conflicts. The claim for the management of local resources and the safeguard of traditional lore become a response to the “allegedly value-neutral global market” (Eaton / Lorentzen (eds.) (2003): Ecofeminism and Globalization: Exploring Culture, Context, and Religion. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers Inc., 4). Filtering the discussion through an ecofeminist critique, it is possible to find a connection between the abuse of power that underlies human oppression and the exploitation of the environment. Women and nature are, in fact, connected in the dominant masculine discourse by the rhetoric of submission, which is harmful to both of them (Zimmerman, et al. (ed.) (1993): Environmental Philosophy: from Animal Rights to Radical Ecology. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall.; Warren / Cheney. (1991): “Ecological Feminism and Ecosystem Ecology”. Hypatia 6/1 Ecological Feminism: 179–197.). As an example of resistance strategy to these dynamics and a means to give voice to women through literature, this article proposes a critical reading of the novel Betvā bahtī rahī by Maitreyī Puṣpā (“The Betvā River was flowing”).
Early ‘Glocalization’ in Indian Cinema: An Analysis of Films of Dada Saheb Phalke and Himanshu Rai
Authors: Rahman M. Sadiqur 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
That the adaptation of international ideas and foreign technology had an impact on local film culture, is not a new idea in Indian cinema. Nevertheless, more scholarship and greater familiarity with extant literature are needed. This article aims to contribute to the study of the integration process of early Indian films into World cinema. This article considers the early ‘glocalization’ in Indian cinema which traces the process of universalizing particular experiences in silent cinema and transcending from the local to (achieve) global levels. Through the analysis of the films of Dada Saheb Phalke and Himanshu Rai, two film producers who were hugely impacted by the European style of filmmaking, I will discuss how their global vision with local considerations played a decisive role in shaping the early Indian film history. I argue how local and global forces in Phalke and Rai’s cinema boosted cultural open-mindedness and economic growth.
Charulata 2011: Dramatizing the Glocal
Authors: Roy Rituparna 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
A lonely wife in Kolkata and a bachelor in London have a virtual affair, but are forced to re-think their relationship when they discover he is her brother-in-law. Charulata 2011 is an ingenious post-millennial adaptation of Tagore’s novella, Nastanir (The Broken Nest, 1901), already immortalized by Satyajit Ray in his classic Charulata (1964). This intertextuality, especially with Ray, lends an added dimension to the film, allowing Chatterjee to contrast two modernities in Bengal – the colonial and glocal – over the course of a century. Both these women gain temporary respite from their suffocating marriage through an affair, but their circumstances are vastly different. While Tagore/Ray’s heroine (like Anna Karenina, Madame Bovary and Lady Chatterley) could only bond with a man she knew, technology expands Charulata’s choice in 2011. She romances the strange and the unknown – an unseen tall dark stranger with a gift for words. While the nineteenth century Bengali heroine had to reign in her erotic impulse, her twenty-first century counterpart submits to it, though with an overwhelming sense of guilt. But there are similarities too – both are childless homemakers; have a literary sensibility; and though a 100 years apart, in both their cases, the lover eventually departs, and duty ultimately wins over passion, bringing back the duly chastened wife to the wronged husband. Charulata 2011 thus dramatizes a glocalized South Asian narrative, where the protagonist negotiates an uneasy juxtaposition of a globalized outlook on the world with the entrapment of age-old social obligations in her self.
Seeing Kolkata: Globalization and the Changing Context of the Narrative of Bengali-ness in Two Contemporary Films
Authors: Bhattacharya Binayak 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The article engages with the question of an exclusivity, an ‘otherness’ of the Bengali culture, in the available representative modes of Indian cinema. It studies the socio-cultural dynamics through which this ‘otherness’ can be found reorienting itself in recent years in a globalized perspective. It takes two contemporary films, Kahaani (Hindi, 2012) and Bhooter Bhobishyot (Bengali, 2012) to dwell upon. The analysis aims to historicise the construction of a cultural stereotype called ‘Bengali-ness’ in Indian cinema by marking some significant aspects in the course of its historical development. Using the films as cases in point, the article attempts to develop a framework in which the changing landscape of the city of Kolkata, shifting codes of the cultural habits of the middle class and reconfigured ideas about a ‘Bengali nation’ can be seen operating to develop a refashioned relationship between the state of Bengal and the rest of the country. It suggests that the global cultural inflow, along with the localized notions of the new, globalized Bengali-ness, are engaged in developing a new politics of representation for the city and the Bengali society in the cinemas of India.
From Topophilia to Despair. Kashinath Singh’s Banaras Trilogy
Authors: Wessler Heinz Werner 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Kashinath Singh’s three Banaras-novels are interesting examples of the continuing occupation of a contemporary author with urban space and its social life. Beyond Banaras

I use “Banaras” in this article. The English spelling “Benares” is still used occasionally. The official name of the town is “Varanasi” (Hindi: Vārāṇasī).
as a physical location, the three novels emulate deeper and more symbolic layers of meaning of a cityscape with its fascinating complexity of social, cultural and religious relations between tradition and modernity. Kashinath Singh’s Banaras trilogy also represents the changing perspective of its author on his surroundings over the course of his lifetime. While the plot of Apnā morcā unfolds in the culture of political debate during the 1960s and early 1970s in the university milieu, Kāśī kā assī can be read as a kind of documentation on the author’s vivid relationship with a traditional quarter of the town and its lifestyle. Rehan par Ragghū, the third novel, somehow continues the sense of loss that is already present in the nostalgic mood of Kāśī kā assī. It deals with the growing disillusionment of the elder generation with contemporary society, its self-focused individualism and social modernity as such. The novel is about the betrayed hopes of a father in his children, the opening rift between generations and the general decline of values. The change of the central location of the plots in the three novels from the university quarter and from a traditional environment in the old town towards the “new colonies” also marks a shift from progressivism towards existentialism, and from topophilia to despair.
A Queer Lack of Success. Discourses on Same-sex Love and Neoliberalism in the Hindi Novel Paṃkhvālī Nāv by Paṃkaj Biṣṭ
Authors: Consolaro Alessandra 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Paṃkhvālī nāv (The winged boat) is a Hindi novel by Paṃkaj Biṣṭ that appeared in installments in Haṃs (2007) and was published as a book in 2009. The protagonist is a homosexual man, and the novel, defined by the author as a “sensitive human tragedy” (Tehelka, 05/12/2012), constructs a highly heterocentered discourse on queerness. Set in India just before the neoliberal turn, the story discusses sexual citizenship not only with reference to Indian society, but also in a global context.
In this article I analyze the text, problematizing the notion of gender and the emergence of a queer identity corresponding with the opening up of Indian economy to neoliberal capital. Politics of sexual identity in newly globalizing economies are linked to global discourses on HIV/AIDS prevention, sexual health, sexual rights, and reproductive health. Also the emergence of queer literature in India, and of
khuś literature in the Hindi literary field, has to be investigated on the backdrop of global queer identity. Drawing on the ‘anti-social turn’ in Queer Studies, I propose an interpretation of queerness and failure as resistance to capitalism.
Becoming a Crorepati: From Glocal TV Game to Grobal Fiction
Authors: Pozza Nicola 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Numerous studies have dealt with the process of globalization and its various cultural products. Three such cultural products illustrate this process: Vikas Swarup’s novel Q and A (2005), the TV quiz show Kaun banega crorepati? (Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?), and Danny Boyle’s film Slumdog Millionaire (2008). The novel, the TV show and the film have so far been studied separately. Juxtaposing and comparing Q and A, Kaun banega crorepati, and Slumdog Millionaire provides an effective means to shed light on the dialogic and interactive nature of the process of globalization. It is argued through this case study that an analysis of their place of production, language and content, helps clarify the derivative concepts of “glocalization” and “grobalization” with regard to the way(s) contemporary cultural products respond to globalization.
Unfertige Studien 6: Der Brudermord des Kain aus theologischer Sicht
Authors: van Ess Josef 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Unconcluded Studies: The Fratricide of Cain from a Theological View

The story of Cain and Abel as it is told in the Qurʾān (Q 5:27–32), which follows closely that in the Bible (Gen 4:1–16), became the topic of various discussions among early Muslim theologians, especially Abel’s statement when threatened by Cain: “I wish you to take both your sin and my sin and become one of the companions of the Fire.” In the context of civil war, Abel’s pacifism became a paradigm of ideal behavior, and the notion of ridding oneself of sin through victimhood appeared attractive. It was used as a model in stories concerned with battles between Muslims, such as the battle of al-Ḥarra (683 CE), in which many Qurayshi notables and Qurʾān reciters from Medina were killed by the Syrian army. According to advice from the prophet Muḥammad, the correct behavior would have been not to participate in the fighting and, in the face of death, to quote Abel’s words. Whoever acts in this manner attains Paradise. However, some theologians denied the possibility that the burden of somebody’s sin could be transferred to another. The story was thus reinterpreted. In his commentary on the Qurʾān, al-Ṭabarī (d. 923 CE) proposed that Abel’s sentence should be understood differently: “I wish you to take your [previous] sin[s] and the sin against me …”, since he could accept neither that Abel committed a sin, nor the transfer of sin to somebody else.
Prominent changes in blood coagulation of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection
Authors: Han Huan , Yang Lan , Liu Rui , Liu Fang , Wu Kai-lang , Li Jie , Liu Xing-hui , Zhu Cheng-liang 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background
As the number of patients increases, there is a growing understanding of the form of pneumonia sustained by the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), which has caused an outbreak in China. Up to now, clinical features and treatment of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 have been reported in detail. However, the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 and coagulation has been scarcely addressed. Our aim is to investigate the blood coagulation function of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Methods
In our study, 94 patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were admitted in Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University. We prospectively collect blood coagulation data in these patients and in 40 healthy controls during the same period.

Results
Antithrombin values in patients were lower than that in the control group (p < 0.001). The values of D-dimer, fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products (FDP), and fibrinogen (FIB) in all SARS-CoV-2 cases were substantially higher than those in healthy controls. Moreover, D-dimer and FDP values in patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection were higher than those in patients with milder forms. Compared with healthy controls, prothrombin time activity (PT-act) was lower in SARS-CoV-2 patients. Thrombin time in critical SARS-CoV-2 patients was also shorter than that in controls.

Conclusions
The coagulation function in patients with SARS-CoV-2 is significantly deranged compared with healthy people, but monitoring D-dimer and FDP values may be helpful for the early identification of severe cases.
Potential preanalytical and analytical vulnerabilities in the laboratory diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Authors: Lippi Giuseppe , Simundic Ana-Maria , Plebani Mario 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
A novel zoonotic coronavirus outbreak is spreading all over the world. This pandemic disease has now been defined as novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and is sustained by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). As the current gold standard for the etiological diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection is (real time) reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) on respiratory tract specimens, the diagnostic accuracy of this technique shall be considered a foremost prerequisite. Overall, potential RT-PCR vulnerabilities include general preanalytical issues such as identification problems, inadequate procedures for collection, handling, transport and storage of the swabs, collection of inappropriate or inadequate material (for quality or volume), presence of interfering substances, manual errors, as well as specific aspects such as sample contamination and testing patients receiving antiretroviral therapy. Some analytical problems may also contribute to jeopardize the diagnostic accuracy, including testing outside the diagnostic window, active viral recombination, use of inadequately validated assays, insufficient harmonization, instrument malfunctioning, along with other specific technical issues. Some practical indications can hence be identified for minimizing the risk of diagnostic errors, encompassing the improvement of diagnostic accuracy by combining clinical evidence with results of chest computed tomography (CT) and RT-PCR, interpretation of RT-PCR results according to epidemiologic, clinical and radiological factors, recollection and testing of upper (or lower) respiratory specimens in patients with negative RT-PCR test results and high suspicion or probability of infection, dissemination of clear instructions for specimen (especially swab) collection, management and storage, together with refinement of molecular target(s) and thorough compliance with analytical procedures, including quality assurance.
An estimate of missed pediatric sepsis in the emergency department
Authors: Cifra Christina L. , Westlund Erik , Ten Eyck Patrick , Ward Marcia M. , Mohr Nicholas M. , Katz David A. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background
Timely diagnosis of pediatric sepsis remains elusive. We estimated the risk of potentially missed pediatric sepsis in US emergency departments (EDs) and determined factors associated with its occurrence.

Methods
In a retrospective study of linked inpatient and ED records from four states using administrative data (excluding 40% with missing identifiers), we identified children admitted with severe sepsis and/or septic shock who had at least one ED treat-and-release visit in the 7 days prior to sepsis admission. An expert panel rated the likelihood of each ED visit being related to subsequent sepsis admission. We used multivariable regression to identify associations with potentially missed sepsis.

Results
Of 1945 patients admitted with severe sepsis/septic shock, 158 [8.1%; 95% confidence interval (CI), 6.9%–9.4%] had potentially missed sepsis during an antecedent treat-and-release ED visit. The odds of potentially missed sepsis were lower for each additional comorbid chronic condition [odds ratio (OR), 0.86; 95% CI, 0.80–0.92] and higher in California (OR, 2.26; 95% CI, 1.34–3.82), Florida (OR, 3.33; 95% CI, 1.95–5.70), and Massachusetts (OR, 2.87; 95% CI, 1.35–6.09), compared to New York.

Conclusions
Administrative data can be used to screen large populations for potentially missed sepsis and identify cases that warrant detailed record review.
Two collection formulas
Authors: Kolesnikov Sergey , Leontiev Vladimir , Egorychev Georgy 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Let G be a group,

x
,
y

∈
G

{x,y\in G}

, and H is a normal closure in G of the subgroup generated by all commutators of

x
,
y

{x,y}

that include more than two occurrences of y.
Our main result is a parametrization of the uncollected part of Hall’s collection formula for

(

x
⁢
y

)

n

{(xy)^{n}}

and two different collection formulas modulo H in an explicit form.
In particular, we found explicit expressions for the exponents of the commutators in Hall’s collection formula for both known cases and some unknown cases.
Also we give combinatorial identities, which simplify those expressions and help to investigate their divisibility.
Finite groups with only small automorphism orbits
Authors: Bors Alexander 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
We study finite groups G such that the maximum length of an orbit of the natural action of the automorphism group

Aut
⁢

(
G
)

{\mathrm{Aut}(G)}

on G is bounded from above by a constant.
Our main results are the following: Firstly, a finite group G only admits

Aut
⁢

(
G
)

{\mathrm{Aut}(G)}

-orbits of length at most 3 if and only if G is cyclic of one of the orders 1, 2, 3, 4 or 6, or G is the Klein four group or the symmetric group of degree 3.
Secondly, there are infinitely many finite (2-)groups G such that the maximum length of an

Aut
⁢

(
G
)

{\mathrm{Aut}(G)}

-orbit on G is 8.
Thirdly, the order of a d-generated finite group G such that G only admits

Aut
⁢

(
G
)

{\mathrm{Aut}(G)}

-orbits of length at most c is explicitly bounded from above in terms of c and d.
Fourthly, a finite group G such that all

Aut
⁢

(
G
)

{\mathrm{Aut}(G)}

-orbits on G are of length at most 23 is solvable.
Isomorphisms of subcategories of fusion systems of blocks and Clifford theory
Authors: Harris Morton E. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Let k be an algebraically closed field of prime characteristic p.
Let G be a finite group, let N be a normal subgroup of G, and let c be a G-stable block of kN so that

(

k
⁢
N

)

⁢
c

{(kN)c}

is a p-permutation G-algebra.
As in Section 8.6 of [M. Linckelmann,
The Block Theory of finite Group Algebras: Volume 2,
London Math. Soc. Stud. Texts 92,
Cambridge University, Cambridge, 2018],
a

(
G
,
N
,
c
)

{(G,N,c)}

-Brauer pair

(
R
,

f
R

)

{(R,f_{R})}

consists of a p-subgroup R of G and a block

f
R

{f_{R}}

of

(

k
⁢

C
N

⁢

(
R
)

)

{(kC_{N}(R))}

.
If Q is a defect group of c and

f
Q

∈

𝐵
⁢
ℓ

⁡

(

k
⁢

C
N

⁢

(
Q
)

)

{f_{Q}\in\operatorname{\textit{B}\ell}(kC_{N}(Q))}

, then

(
Q
,

f
Q

)

{(Q,f_{Q})}

is a

(
G
,
N
,
c
)

{(G,N,c)}

-Brauer pair.
The

(
G
,
N
,
c
)

{(G,N,c)}

-Brauer pairs form a (finite) poset.
Set

H
=

N
G

⁢

(
Q
,

f
Q

)

{H=N_{G}(Q,f_{Q})}

so that

(
Q
,

f
Q

)

{(Q,f_{Q})}

is an

(
H
,

C
N

⁢

(
Q
)

,

f
Q

)

{(H,C_{N}(Q),f_{Q})}

-Brauer pair.
We extend Lemma 8.6.4 of the above book to show that if

(
U
,

f
U

)

{(U,f_{U})}

is a maximal

(
G
,
N
,
c
)

{(G,N,c)}

-Brauer pair containing

(
Q
,

f
Q

)

{(Q,f_{Q})}

, then

(
U
,

f
U

)

{(U,f_{U})}

is a maximal

(
H
,

C
N

⁢

(
c
)

,

f
Q

)

{(H,C_{N}(c),f_{Q})}

-Brauer pair containing

(
Q
,

f
Q

)

{(Q,f_{Q})}

and conversely.
Our main result shows that the subcategories of

ℱ

(
U
,

f
U

)

⁢

(
G
,
N
,
c
)

{\mathcal{F}_{(U,f_{U})}(G,N,c)}

and

ℱ

(
U
,

f
U

)

⁢

(
H
,

C
N

⁢

(
Q
)

,

f
Q

)

{\mathcal{F}_{(U,f_{U})}(H,C_{N}(Q),f_{Q})}

of objects between and including

(
Q
,

f
Q

)

{(Q,f_{Q})}

and

(
U
,

f
U

)

{(U,f_{U})}

are isomorphic.
We close with an application to the Clifford theory of blocks.
Topological nanospaser
Authors: Ghimire Rupesh , Wu Jhih-Sheng , Apalkov Vadym , Stockman Mark I. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
We propose a nanospaser made of an achiral plasmonic–metal nanodisk and a two-dimensional chiral gain medium – a monolayer nanoflake of a transition-metal dichalcogenide (TMDC). When one valley of the TMDC is selectively pumped (e.g. by a circular-polarized radiation), the spaser (surface plasmon amplification by stimulated emission of radiation) generates a mode carrying a topological chiral charge that matches that of the gain valley. There is another, chirally mismatched, time-reversed mode with exactly the same frequency but the opposite topological charge; it is actively suppressed by the gain saturation and never generates, leading to a strong topological protection for the generating matched mode. This topological spaser is promising for use in nano-optics and nanospectroscopy in the near field especially in applications to biomolecules that are typically chiral. Another potential application is a chiral nanolabel for biomedical applications emitting in the far field an intense circularly polarized coherent radiation.