bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Shallow-water hard corals (Hexacorallia: Scleractinia) from Bangka Belitung Islands Waters, Indonesia
Authors: Putra Singgih A. , Akbar Helmy , Syari Indra A. 
Published: November 2019

Bangka Belitung Islands (Sumatra, Indonesia) has various coastal resources, e.g., coral reefs, seagrass beds, mangrove forests. However, the coral community has been threatened by anthropogenic activities, i.e., tin mining and illegal tin mining. Threatened species assessment is important for mitigation of coral losses and management. The ojective of the present study was to examine the status of Scleractinian corals in Bangka Belitung Islands, Indonesia. A line intercept transect was performed for the coral reef survey. Live and dead coral cover were recorded in the three locations. Corals species were identified following taxonomic revisions. The results showed that there were 142 species of Scleractinian corals recorded from Bangka Belitung Islands. Of these, 22 species are the new report from the areas of the the eastern part of Belitung Island. Family of Merulinidae, Acroporidae, and Poritidae were predominant group in this region. It is concluded that the condition of the coral reef ecosystem in the Belitung Islands is relatively good, but fair in Gaspar Strait and Bangka Island. Keywords: Coral cover, coral diversity, hard coral, Scleractinia
Parenting apps and the depoliticisation of the parent
Authors: Ramaekers Stefan , Hodgson Naomi 
Published: November 2019

In educational research, digital technology has received considerable attention, and in early childhood studies this has largely focused, understandably, on children. Our concern here is with the figure of the parent and on a specific digital technology – apps designed for parents. While apps can be seen as a digital extension of existing information and advice that has proliferated in the turn to parenting, and exhibits many of the characteristics of the parenting culture – for example, positioning parents as in need of education, drawing predominantly from developmental psychology and neuroscience – the particular affordances of apps draw attention to a more profound shift in how we understand what it means to raise children today, particularly if we reassert the representational – political, pedagogical – dimension of the figure of the parent.
This article considers the implications of parenting apps for the position of the parent in the parent–child relationship. Key focuses in the critical sociological literature on the ‘parenting culture’ and the increasing digitisation of our daily lives are summarised to show how parenting apps can be seen as an extension of the instrumentalisation, scientisation and psychologisation identified therein. A pedagogical-philosophical register is introduced, however, informed by Stanley Cavell’s account of initiation in forms of life and Klaus Mollenhauer’s account of upbringing, that brings out the political aspect of the figure of the parent as a representative figure situated between child and world. With reference to a selection of apps aimed at the period from pregnancy to three years old, we illustrate how, while sharing similarities with the existing sources of information and advice for parents, parenting apps are distinctive due to the personalisation, visualisation and notion of community they offer. Hence, what appears as a politicisation of parents through a sociological lens is seen as a depoliticisation of parents through a pedagogical-philosophical lens.
KETIDAKPASTIAN DALAM PEMODELAN PERUBAHAN IKLIM
Authors: Bayhaqi Ahmad 
Published: November 2019

THE UNCERTAINTIES IN CLIMATE CHANGE MODELING. Climate in the Earth has changed over the periods and will be estimated to give the a significant impact for environment in the future. Climate prediction using a simulation model, as a tool to predict the future climate and it requires the high quantitative skills and technology, has showed the significant improvement. However, the climate model depends on the input variable and the result may be inaccurate because its biases and uncertainties. Information of the uncertainties in the climate model can determine the modification in climate change mitigation and show the way how to adapt with the inevitable changes.
Canadian C-spine Audit: Appropriateness of C-spine Radiograph Requests in Adult Spinal Injury Assessment ID 10371
Authors: Rait Ravi , Nagra Inderjeet , Hodson Ross 
Published: November 2019

Aims and Objectives: To establish whether a newly instituted head and neck care bundle (a checklist document), following recommendations by the initial audit appropriateness of C-spine Radiograph Requests in Spinal Injury or direct CT C-spine in accordance to NICE guidance NG41 showed an improvement in the use of the correct first time modality (X-ray or CT).
Methodology: This was a retrospective study using the CRIS system to evaluate all patients that attended accident and emergency in the months of January and February 2019. Thirty-five patients had C-spine radiographs and 127 patients had C-spine CT scans. The patient were categorised into high and low risk based on NICE guidance NG41 and the use of patient notes via Patient First.
Results: Data was collected and compared with the first audit (ID1614). 74.4% of patients received the appropriate first line radiological modality, compared with 90.7% of patients after the newly instituted head and neck bundle.
Discussion: High risk patients were supposed to have a CT first line while low risk patients were supposed to have plain films as a first line modality. The increase in percentage of patients receiving the correct first line modality was thought to be as a result of the newly instituted head and neck care bundle. Whilst this is an improvement, there were still 15 patients who were at high risk of c-spine fracture who did not receive the appropriate first line modality (CT) and therefore could have been missed.
FineLine
Authors: Sauer Caetano , Graefe Goetz , Härder Theo 
Published: November 2019

Recovery is an intricate aspect of transaction processing architectures. In its traditional implementation, recovery requires the management of two persistent data stores---a write-ahead log and a materialized database---which must be carefully orchestrated to maintain transactional consistency. Furthermore, the design and implementation of recovery algorithms have deep ramifications into almost every component of the internal system architecture, from concurrency control to buffer management and access path implementation. Such complexity not only incurs high costs for development, testing, and training, but also unavoidably affects system performance, introducing overheads and limiting scalability.
This paper proposes a novel approach for transactional storage and recovery called FineLine. It simplifies the implementation of transactional database systems by eliminating the log-database duality and maintaining all persistent data in a single, log-structured data structure. This approach not only provides more efficient recovery with less overhead, but also decouples the management of persistent data from in-memory access paths. As such, it blurs the lines that separate in-memory from disk-based database systems, providing the efficiency of the former with the reliability of the latter.
Fitting heavy-tailed mixture models with CVaR constraints
Authors: Pertaia Giorgi , Uryasev Stan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Standard methods of fitting finite mixture models take into account the majority of observations in the center of the distribution. This paper considers the case where the decision maker wants to make sure that the tail of the fitted distribution is at least as heavy as the tail of the empirical distribution. For instance, in nuclear engineering, where probability of exceedance (POE) needs to be estimated, it is important to fit correctly tails of the distributions. The goal of this paper is to supplement the standard methodology and to assure an appropriate heaviness of the fitted tails. We consider a new Conditional Value-at-Risk (CVaR) distance between distributions, that is a convex function with respect to weights of the mixture. We have conducted a case study demonstrating e˚ciency of the approach. Weights of mixture are found by minimizing CVaR distance between the mixture and the empirical distribution. We have suggested convex constraints on weights, assuring that the tail of the mixture is as heavy as the tail of empirical distribution.
Experimental Study of Fast Transient Currents in Gas Insulated Substation
Authors: S Visakan , Rao Mandava Mohana , Kumar Mritunjay , K Sunitha 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The increasing demand in transmitting electrical energy at very high voltages with low transmission losses and improved efficiency has led to the development of compact metal enclosed gas insulated substation. There are various advantages of gas insulated substations over conventional substations yet there are a few problems associated with the switching operation in gas insulated substation. The fast transient voltages arising due to the switching operation of disconnectors or circuit breakers may impair the service reliability. The fast transient currents are associated with these fast transient voltages. The main aim of this paper is to characterize the fast transient currents generated due to the switching operations in a gas insulated substation. The dominant frequency content has been identified for different rise times of the fast transient currents and the percentage attenuation in amplitude is determined at different distances from the source. The variation in the peak value of current with distance from the source is also analysed. The experimental work is carried out on 145 kV gas insulated substation models of different configurations and comparison of the results for different case studies are reported.
Common fixed point results for two families of multivalued A–dominated contractive mappings on closed ball with applications
Authors: Rasham Tahair , Shoaib Abdullah 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to find common fixed point results for two families of multivalued mappings fulfilling generalized rational type A–dominated contractive conditions on a closed ball in complete dislocated b-metric spaces. Some new fixed point results with graphic contractions on a closed ball for two families of multi-graph dominated mappings on dislocated b-metric space have been established. An application to the unique common solution of two families of nonlinear integral equations is presented to show the novelty of our results.
Simulator-based training of generative neural networks for the inverse design of metasurfaces
Authors: Jiang Jiaqi , Fan Jonathan A. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Metasurfaces are subwavelength-structured artificial media that can shape and localize electromagnetic waves in unique ways. The inverse design of these devices is a non-convex optimization problem in a high dimensional space, making global optimization a major challenge. We present a new type of population-based global optimization algorithm for metasurfaces that is enabled by the training of a generative neural network. The loss function used for backpropagation depends on the generated pattern layouts, their efficiencies, and efficiency gradients, which are calculated by the adjoint variables method using forward and adjoint electromagnetic simulations. We observe that the distribution of devices generated by the network continuously shifts towards high performance design space regions over the course of optimization. Upon training completion, the best generated devices have efficiencies comparable to or exceeding the best devices designed using standard topology optimization. Our proposed global optimization algorithm can generally apply to other gradient-based optimization problems in optics, mechanics, and electronics.
Consumer Knowledge and Attitude Towards Orange-Fleshed Sweetpotato (OFSP) Puree Bread in Kenya
Authors: Wanjuu Cecilia , Bocher Temesgen , Abong’ George , Low Jan , Mbogo Daniel , Heck Simon , Muzhingi Tawanda 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
OFSP is being used as an ingredient of baked products and can be a source of pro-vitamin A. Information about OFSP puree bread consumer profile is limited. The current study investigates the consumer socio-demographics, knowledge, practices and attitude towards OFSP puree bread in Kenya.
A total of 1024 consumers were interviewed from Nairobi, Kiambu, Kajiado, Kisumu and Kakamega counties. The OFSP bread is purchased by 60% female respondents above 30 years old, who have a university education (79%), formally employed (93%), therefore, middle to high-income earners. Before consumption, 42% of the consumers stored their bread in the refrigerator while 38% stored in the open, and 20% in cupboards. Consumers agree that the OFSP bread could be a good source of energy, vitamins, especially Vitamin A (94%). The acceptance ratings of OFSP bread ranged from 7.37 to 7.65 on a 9-score hedonic scale, hence “liked moderately.” There was a significant relationship between socio-demographics, knowledge about the root, the bread and the overall acceptance of the OFSP puree bread. Consumers were willing to pay more for the OFSP bread based on potential nutritional benefits. There was a significant relationship between consumer demographics and willingness to pay for OFSP puree bread.
Nerve Injury-Induced Neuronal PAP-I Maintains Neuropathic Pain by Activating Spinal Microglia
Authors: Li Jiayin , Shi Haixiang , Liu Hui , Dong Fei , Liu Zhiping , Lu Yingjin , Chen Luonan , Bao Lan , Zhang Xu 
Published: November 2019

Pancreatitis-associated proteins (PAPs) display multiple functions in visceral diseases. Previous studies showed that the expression level of PAP-I was low in the DRG of naive rats but wasde novoexpressed after peripheral nerve injury. However, its role in neuropathic pain remains unknown. We found that PAP-I expression was continuously upregulated in the DRG neurons from rat spared nerve injury models, and transported toward the spinal dorsal horn to act as a proinflammatory factor. Intrathecal delivery of PAP-I enhanced sensory hyperalgesia, whereas PAP-I deficiency by either gene knockout or antibody application alleviated tactile allodynia at the maintenance phase after spared nerve injury. Furthermore, PAP-I functioned by activating the spinal microglia via C-C chemokine receptor Type 2 that participated in neuropathic pain. Inhibition of either microglial activation or C-C chemokine receptor Type 2 abolished the PAP-I-induced hyperalgesia. Thus, PAP-I mediates the neuron-microglial crosstalk after peripheral nerve injury and contributes to the maintenance of neuropathic pain.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTNeuropathic pain is maladaptive pain condition, and the maintaining mechanism is largely unclear. Here we reveal that, after peripheral nerve injury, PAP-I can be transported to the spinal dorsal horn and is crucial in the progression of neuropathic pain. Importantly, we prove that PAP-I mainly functions through activating the spinal microglia via the CCR2-p38 MAPK pathway. Furthermore, we confirm that the proinflammatory effect of PAP-I is more prominent after the establishment of neuropathic pain, thus indicating that microglia also participate in the maintenance phase of neuropathic pain.
Manipulations of Central Amygdala Neurotensin Neurons Alter the Consumption of Ethanol and Sweet Fluids in Mice
Authors: Torruella-Suárez María Luisa , Vandenberg Jessica R. , Cogan Elizabeth S. , Tipton Gregory J. , Teklezghi Adonay , Dange Kedar , Patel Gunjan K. , McHenry Jenna A. , Hardaway J. Andrew , Kantak Pranish A. , Crowley Nicole A. , DiBerto Jeffrey F. , Faccidomo Sara P. , Hodge Clyde W. , Stuber Garret D. , McElligott Zoé A. 
Published: November 2019

The central nucleus of the amygdala plays a significant role in alcohol use and other affective disorders; however, the genetically-defined neuronal subtypes and projections that govern these behaviors are not well known. Here we show that neurotensin neurons in the central nucleus of the amygdala of male mice are activated byin vivoethanol consumption and that genetic ablation of these neurons decreases ethanol consumption and preference in non-ethanol-dependent animals. This ablation did not impact preference for sucrose, saccharin, or quinine. We found that the most robust projection of the central amygdala neurotensin neurons was to the parabrachial nucleus, a brain region known to be important in feeding behaviors, conditioned taste aversion, and alarm. Optogenetic stimulation of projections from these neurons to the parabrachial nucleus is reinforcing, and increases ethanol drinking as well as consumption of sucrose and saccharin solutions. These data suggest that this central amygdala to parabrachial nucleus projection influences the expression of reward-related phenotypes and is a novel circuit promoting consumption of ethanol and palatable fluids.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAlcohol use disorder (AUD) is a major health burden worldwide. Although ethanol consumption is required for the development of AUD, much remains unknown regarding the underlying neural circuits that govern initial ethanol intake. Here we show that ablation of a population of neurotensin-expressing neurons in the central amygdala decreases intake of and preference for ethanol in non-dependent animals, whereas the projection of these neurons to the parabrachial nucleus promotes consumption of ethanol as well as other palatable fluids.
Evolutionary Dynamics of the SKN-1 → MED → END-1,3 Regulatory Gene Cascade inCaenorhabditisEndoderm Specification
Authors: Maduro Morris F 
Published: November 2019

AbstractGene regulatory networks and their evolution are important in the study of animal development. In the nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans, the endoderm (gut) is generated from a single embryonic precursor, E. Gut is specified by the maternal factor SKN-1, which activates the MED → END-1,3 → ELT-2,7 cascade of GATA transcription factors. In this work, genome sequences from over two dozen species within the Caenorhabditis genus are used to identify MED and END-1,3 orthologs. Predictions are validated by comparison of gene structure, protein conservation, and putative cis-regulatory sites. All three factors occur together, but only within the Elegans supergroup, suggesting they originated at its base. The MED factors are the most diverse and exhibit an unexpectedly extensive gene amplification. In contrast, the highly conserved END-1 orthologs are unique in nearly all species and share extended regions of conservation. The END-1,3 proteins share a region upstream of their zinc finger and an unusual amino-terminal poly-serine domain exhibiting high codon bias. Compared with END-1, the END-3 proteins are otherwise less conserved as a group and are typically found as paralogous duplicates. Hence, all three factors are under different evolutionary constraints. Promoter comparisons identify motifs that suggest the SKN-1, MED, and END factors function in a similar gut specification network across the Elegans supergroup that has been conserved for tens of millions of years. A model is proposed to account for the rapid origin of this essential kernel in the gut specification network, by the upstream intercalation of duplicate genes into a simpler ancestral network.
Inference for the linear combination of two independent exponential random variables based on fuzzy data
Authors: BASHARAT Hina , MUSTAFA Saima , MAHMOOD Shahid , JUN Young Bae 
Published: November 2019

In this article, we have derived the distribution of a linear combination of two independent exponential random variables. The parameter estimates of the proposed distribution are obtained by using the maximum likelihood estimation method and the method of moments from fuzzy data. The findings in this paper show that estimation expertise is still valuable to any organization based on the precise and certain information. The proposed research consisted in developing an estimation technique using fuzzy logic and this is often measured in terms of linguistic values, which is very helpful and beneficial for the certain and precise results.
Perbandingan Intensitas Nyeri dan Kadar Prostaglandin Kombinasi Tramadol dan Deksketoprofen dengan Tramadol dan Parasetamol Intravena pada Pasien Bedah Ortopedi Ekstremitas Bawah
Authors: Josephine Clara Valentia , Ahmad Muhammad Ramli , Hisbullah Hisbullah , Wahab Abdul 
Published: November 2019

Analgesia multimodal adalah prinsip manajemen nyeri pascaoperasi. Penelitian ini merupakan uji klinis rancangan acak tersamar ganda. Tujuan penelitian ini membandingkan efek kombinasi analgesik tramadol dan deksketoprofen dengan tramadol dan parasetamol terhadap intensitas nyeri dan kadar prostaglandin (PGE2) di RSUP Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo serta Rumah Sakit Jejaring di Makassar pada bulan Juli–September 2018. Empat puluh enam pasien ASA PS I dan II yang menjalani operasi ortopedi ekstremitas bawah dibagi menjadi dua kelompok. Kelompok D adalah pasien yang menerima 50 mg tramadol dengan 50 mg deksketoprofen dan kelompok P adalah pasien yang menerima 50 mg tramadol dengan 1.000 mg parasetamol intravena. PGE2 dan intensitas nyeri dicatat selama penutupan kulit sebelum pemberian obat 8 dan 16 jam sesudahnya. Data dianalisis menggunakan Uji Mann-Whitney U dan paired t-test yang sesuai. Numeric rating scale (NRS) kelompok tramadol dan deksketoprofen lebih rendah dibanding dengan kelompok tramadol dan parasetamol dengan perbedaan bermakna (p<0,05). Kadar PGE2 menurun pada kelompok tramadol dan deksketoprofen (T1–T2 p=0,009 dan T0–T2 p=0,01), sedangkan kadar PGE2 pada kelompok tramadol dan parasetamol meningkat (T2–T1 p=0,227 dan T0–T2 p=0,706). Simpulan, kombinasi tramadol dan deksketoprofen mengurangi tingkat PGE2 dan intensitas nyeri dibanding dengan kombinasi tramadol dan parasetamol. Dexketoprofen Combination and Tramadol Paracetamol Combination in Lower Limb Orthopedic SurgeryMultimodal analgesia is one of the principles of postoperative pain management. This study aimed to compare the effect of analgesic combination of tramadol dexketoprofen and tramadol paracetamol on pain intensity and prostaglandin (PGE2) level. Forty-six ASA PS I and II patients undergoing lower limb orthopedic surgery were allocated into two groups. Group D received 50 mg tramadol with 50 mg dexketoprofen and group P received 50 mg tramadol with 1,000 mg paracetamol intravenously. The PGE2 and pain intensity were recorded during skin closure prior to drug administration, 8 and 16 hours afterwards. Data were analyzed as appropriate using Mann-Whitney U and paired t-test. The NRS of two groups were significantly different where the NRS of the Tramadol Dexketoprofen group was lower than that of the tramadol and paracetamol group (NRS T1 p=0.049, NRS T2 p=0.035). The PGE2 levels decreased in the tramadol dexketoprofen groups (T1–T2 p=0.009 and T0–T2 p=0.01), whereas PGE2 levels in tramadol paracetamol group increased (T2–T1 p=0.227 and T0–T2 p=0.706). In conclusion, tramadol dexketoprofen combination reduces the PGE2 level and pain intensity as opposed to tramadol paracetamol combination.