bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FAT10 localises in dendritic cell aggresome-like induced structures and contributes to their disassembly
Authors: Schregle Richard , Mueller Stefanie , Legler Daniel F. , Rossy Jérémie , Krueger Wolfgang A. , Groettrup Marcus 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT
Dendritic cell (DC) aggresome-like induced structures (DALIS) are protein aggregates of polyubiquitylated proteins that form transiently during DC maturation. DALIS scatter randomly throughout the cytosol and serve as antigen storage sites synchronising DC maturation and antigen presentation. Maturation of DCs is accompanied by the induction of the ubiquitin-like modifier FAT10 (also known as UBD), which localises to aggresomes, structures that are similar to DALIS. FAT10 is conjugated to substrate proteins and serves as a signal for their rapid and irreversible degradation by the 26S proteasome similar to, yet independently of ubiquitin, thereby contributing to antigen presentation. Here, we have investigated whether FAT10 is involved in the formation and turnover of DALIS, and whether proteins accumulating in DALIS can be modified through conjunction to FAT10 (FAT10ylated). We found that FAT10 localises to DALIS in maturing DCs and that this localisation occurs independently of its conjugation to substrates. Additionally, we investigated the DALIS turnover in FAT10-deficient and -proficient DCs, and observed FAT10-mediated disassembly of DALIS. Thus, we report further evidence that FAT10 is involved in antigen processing, which may provide a functional rationale as to why FAT10 is selectively induced upon DC maturation.
TPC2-mediated Ca2+ signaling is required for axon extension in caudal primary motor neurons in zebrafish embryos
Authors: Guo Chenxi , Webb Sarah E. , Chan Ching Man , Miller Andrew L. 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT
The role of two-pore channel type 2 (TPC2, encoded by tcpn2)-mediated Ca2+ release was recently characterized in zebrafish during establishment of the early spinal circuitry, one of the key events in the coordination of neuromuscular activity. Here, we extend our study to investigate the in vivo role of TPC2 in the regulation of caudal primary motor neuron (CaP) axon extension. We used a combination of TPC2 knockdown with a translation-blocking morpholino antisense oligonucleotide (MO), TPC2 knockout via the generation of a tpcn2dhkz1a mutant line of zebrafish using CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing and pharmacological inhibition of TPC2 via incubation with bafilomycin A1 (an H+-ATPase inhibitor) or trans-ned-19 (an NAADP receptor antagonist), and showed that these treatments attenuated CaP Ca2+ signaling and inhibited axon extension. We also characterized the expression of an arc1-like transcript in CaPs grown in primary culture. MO-mediated knockdown of ARC1-like in vivo led to attenuation of the Ca2+ transients in the CaP growth cones and an inhibition of axon extension. Together, our new data suggest a link between ARC1-like, TPC2 and Ca2+ signaling during axon extension in zebrafish.
Association among helicobacter pylori infection, gastrin level and colorectal cancer in patients aged 50 years and over
Authors: Luan Chunyan , Liu Zhigang , Li Yongzhu , Dong Tao 
Published: June 2020

Objectives: To study the correlations among helicobacter pylori infection, gastrin and colorectal cancer in patients aged over 50 years old.
Methods: In this study, the patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer treated in the department of digestion of our hospital together with the healthy subjects undergoing colonoscopy for health examination without pathologic findings from August 2016 to July 2019 were enrolled in colorectal cancer or control group. The blood sample was taken in fasting state, and anti-H. pylori IgG and anti-CagA antibodies as well as the level of serum gastrin were measured for all the participants. In addition, the information of each participant including age, gender, obesity, smoking history, alcohol consumption, diabetes mellitus was recorded and analyzed.
Results: Four hundred and twenty-eight patients were enrolled in the colorectal group and 207 healthy subjects were enrolled in the control group. There were not significant differences in the positive rate of Ig G and Cag A and family history between the two groups (p>0.05), but there were significant differences in gastrin level, obesity, smoking history, alcohol consumption and diabetes mellitus between the two groups (p<0.05). In addition, the multivariable analysis showed that obesity, smoking history, alcoholism and diabetes mellitus have the strongest influence on the formation of colorectal cancer, while the level of gastrin didn’t show the influence.
Conclusions: No significant correlations among H. pylori infection, the level of gastrin, and the occurrence of CRC in patients with a minimum age of 50 years, suggesting elder colorectal cancer patients may have a different carcinogenic mechanism from those younger patients.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.5.1993
How to cite this:Luan C, Liu Z, Li Y, Dong T. Association among helicobacter pylori infection, gastrin level and colorectal cancer in patients aged 50 years and over. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(5):899-903. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.5.1993
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Correlation of serum levels of Vitamin D3 with serum parathormone in nursing mothers and infants 1-6 months’ age from South Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Mustafa Ghulam , Khalid Muhammad , Ahmed Ijaz , Abu Talib Muhammad 
Published: June 2020

Background and Objective: Parathormone (PTH) and serum Vitamin D3 (VD3) share a complex interplay where increased VD3 leads to a negative response on parathormone level. Our objective was to determine the correlation of parathormone (PTH) and Vitamin D3 (VD3) levels in nursing mothers and infants 1-6 months’ age from South Punjab, Pakistan.
Methods: This study is a secondary data analysis of previously conducted cross sectional study which was conducted at the Department of Pediatric Medicine, Nishtar Medical University, Multan, during August 2010 to June 2011. Study included 67 infants 1-6 months of age and 60 nursing mothers. A venous blood sample was drawn for estimation of VD3, calcium, phosphate, alkaline phosphatase, parathormone and albumin. Spearman correlation coefficient was calculated to determine the inverse correlation between PTH and VD3 levels.
Results: Mean age (in days) of the infants was 83±53.7 days whereas maternal mean age was 25.53 ± 4.12 years. Median VD3 level in infants was 20.90 ng/ml (IQR – 49.5). Median serum PTH levels were 20.90 pg/ml (IQR – 26.17). Median VD3 level in nursing mothers was 21.0 ng/ml (IQR 7.2– 43.8). Median maternal serum PTH levels were 20.89 pg/ml (IQR 2.9 – 232.4). Substantial negative relation between VD3 and parathormone in infants and mothers was not evident (r = - 0.027, p-value 0.83) and (r = 0.156, p-value 0.23) respectively. A significant positive association between infant and maternal VD3 was observed (rs –0.55, p-value < 0.001).
Conclusion: Our study affirms that the customary negative correlation between VD3 and parathormone levels does not exist.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.5.2150
How to cite this:Mustafa G, Khalid M, Ahmed I, Talib MA. Correlation of serum levels of Vitamin D3 with serum parathormone in nursing mothers and infants 1-6 months’ age from South Punjab, Pakistan. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(5):1015-1019. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.5.2150
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Assessment of cell free mitochondrial DNA as a biomarker of disease severity in different viral infections
Authors: Ali Zain , Waseem Shahid , Anis Riffat Aysha , Anees Mariam 
Published: June 2020

Objective: Cell Free mitochondrial DNA (CF mt-DNA) has emerged as a novel biomarker to investigate disease pathophysiology of different infections. The present study was designed to elucidate the association between CF mt-DNA, IL-6 and viral load in HIV, HBV and HCV infections and predict its role as a potential biomarker to assess the disease severity in viral infections.
Methods: Total 120 blood samples were collected from January 2018 to December 2018 of HIV, HBV and HCV patients and healthy controls (30 samples in each group). DNA and RNA were extracted from the serum to determine the levels of CF mt-DNA and viral load, respectively. IL-6 from the serum of infected individuals was quantified with ELISA.
Results: HCV patients showed the highest levels of CF mt-DNA, IL-6 and viral load, followed by HBV and HIV. Significant correlation was found between CF mt-DNA and IL-6 among the HBV patients (p=0.017). However, no significant correlation of CF mt-DNA was observed with IL-6 in HIV and HCV or with the viral load in any of the three infections.
Conclusion: Elevated CF mt-DNA indicates its role in severity of viral infections. Independence of CF mt-DNA expression from viral load and IL-6 in case of HIV and HCV suggests involvement of other inflammatory pathways regulating CF mt-DNA elevation.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.5.2476
How to cite this:Ali Z, Waseem S, Anis RA, Anees M. Assessment of cell free mitochondrial DNA as a biomarker of disease severity in different viral infections. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(5):860-866. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.5.2476
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Tracking sub-nanometer thermal structural changes with speckle interferometry
Authors: Saif Babak , Greenfield Perry , Bluth Marcel , Feinberg Lee , Wyant J. C. , Keski-Kuha Ritva 
Published: June 2020

Based on our results of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) center-of-curvature tests where we were able to measure dynamic amplitudes of Zernike terms to the order of a few picometers, we have applied the same approach to determine if it is possible to measure the accuracy of higher-order Zernike terms as a function of time rather than frequency, i.e., static measurements in place of measuring the amplitude of frequency components. We have applied this approach to data taken for the JWST backplane structure test article (BSTA) in 2006 and find that we can measure effects at the sub-nanometer level, as small as 50 pm for Zernike terms over 30. We conclude that these results show it will be possible to use these techniques to ensure that the optics and support structure for large space telescopes can meet the necessary stability requirements for detecting spectral signatures of life on Earth-like extra-solar planets.
Absolute laser ranging by time-of-flight measurement of ultrashort light pulses [Invited]
Authors: Kim Wooram , Jang Jaeyoung , Han Seongheum , Kim Seungman , Oh Jeong Seok , Kim Byung Soo , Kim Young-Jin , Kim Seung-Woo 
Published: June 2020

Ultrashort pulse lasers are emerging as an advanced tool of distance
measurement, with their unique temporal and spectral characteristics
being extended to diverse principles of absolute ranging and
instrumentation. Here, a systematic methodology is presented for
absolute ranging by means of the time-of-flight measurement of
ultrashort light pulses using dual-comb asynchronous optical sampling.
Based on an elaborate uncertainty analysis, influencing system
parameters such as the pulse duration, repetition rate, and averaging
time are optimized to achieve a sub-µm measurement accuracy. The
absolute ranging system developed in this study demonstrates a
combined standard uncertainty of 0.986 µm for a 0.5 ms averaging over
a distance range of 3.0 m, with a further reduction to 0.056 µm when
the averaging time is increased to 0.5 s. The outstanding performance
leads to unprecedented multitarget applications: machine feed control
with thermal error compensation in real time as well as the
nondestructive inspection of multilens assembly in a production
line.
Vector Lissajous laser beams
Authors: Khonina Svetlana N. , Ustinov Andrey V. , Porfirev Alexey P. 
Published: June 2020

We consider a new type of vector beam, the vector Lissajous beams (VLB), which is of double order

(
p
,
q
)

and a generalization of cylindrical vector beams characterized by single-order

p

. The transverse components of VLBs have an angular relationship corresponding to Lissajous curves. A theoretical and numerical analysis of VLBs was performed, showing that the ratio and parity of orders

(
p
,
q
)

affect the properties of different components of the electromagnetic field (EF) (whether they be real, imaginary, or complex). In addition, this allows one to engineer the imaginary part of the longitudinal component of the electromagnetic field and control the local spin angular momentum density, which is useful for optical tweezers and future spintronics applications.
Eficácia do mito no domínio ético-político
Authors: Maia Rosane De Almeida , Cornelli Gabriele 
Published: June 2020

se com uma breve reflexão sobre o mito e o papel que tem exercido na filosofia desde a antiguidade grega clássica. Partimos da consideração de sua relevância na obra de Platão, em que emerge como narrativa vigorosa e persuasiva e, por vezes, indissociável do logos enquanto recurso de suasão na polis. É primordial nos ater no conhecido mito da caverna. A despeito da indiscutivelmente ampla e profunda investigação já procedida por inúmeros intérpretes na história exegética do diálogo A República, consideramos que há um veio inesgotável a ser explorado, diante dos desafios permanentemente recolocados por este instigante mito platônico. Buscamos nele riquezas oriundas de uma leitura escatológica do mito, apontando para a descida ao mundo dos mortos – catábase – como um itinerário místico-filosófico e para a efetividade da mensagem política contida no diálogo. Explicitamos que aqui se leva em conta a Atenas dos séculos V e IV a.C., com sua religiosidade, cultura e instituições políticas, uma vez que se considera que a contextualização da narrativa no seu ambiente histórico-cultural, tanto como o entendimento de sua forma literária, são imprescindíveis para se vislumbrar sentidos e apreender, de forma rigorosa, sua singularidade. Nessa abordagem metodológica, a influência da tradição Órfico-Pitagórica nos faculta retomar o pensamento platônico, notadamente na sua dimensão ética, em que a concepção sobre imortalidade da alma configura uma certa representação da vida e da morte.
Experiência Empreendedora no Brasil e nos EUA: Aspectos Culturais e Financeiros sob o Ponto de vista de Empreendedores Brasileiros
Authors: Rocha Bruna Gervasio , Andreassi Tales 
Published: June 2020

Objetivo do estudo: comparar a experiência empreendedora no Brasil (nas regiões sul e sudeste do país) e nos Estados Unidos (na região do sul da Flórida), sob o ponto de vista de empreendedores brasileiros e, especificamente, em relação aos determinantes “cultura” e “acesso a capital”. Metodologia: estudo qualitativo exploratório, por meio de entrevistas com empreendedores brasileiros com experiência na abertura de empresas tanto no Brasil quanto nos EUA.Principais resultados: embora a situação econômica e a imagem do empreendedor perante a sociedade americana favoreçam o empreendedorismo, há o medo do fracasso em ambos os países. Além disso, a ideia de que a obtenção de crédito é abundante e fácil nos EUA não foi verificada nas entrevistas. Por fim, ao mesmo tempo em que os empreendedores entrevistados admiram as regras americanas e criticam a burocracia brasileira, eles também sentem falta da flexibilização existente no Brasil. Contribuições teóricas/metodológicas: este estudo possibilita pesquisas que comparem o mercado de capital de risco dos dois países, assim como outros determinantes componentes do ecossistema empreendedor.Originalidade/relevância: este estudo é relevante porque examina as diferenças entre a experiência empreendedora no Brasil e nos EUA, por meio de relatos de empreendedores brasileiros.Contribuições sociais/para a gestão: por meio das experiências relatadas, foi possível compreender como as diferenças entre os dois países comparados podem modificar o ambiente empreendedor, no que diz respeito, especialmente, a aspectos culturais e financeiros.
Bioactive Factors-imprinted Scaffold Vehicles for Promoting Bone Healing: The Potential Strategies and the Confronted Challenges for Clinical Production
Authors: Xue Peng-Peng , Yuan Jian-dong , Yao Qing , Zhao Ying-Zheng , Xu He-Lin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWound repair of bone is a complicated multistep process orchestrated by inflammation, angiogenesis, callus formation, and bone remodeling. Many bioactive factors (BFs) including cytokine and growth factors (GFs) have previously been reported to be involved in regulating wound healing of bone and some exogenous BFs such as bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) were proven to be helpful for improving bone healing. In this regard, the BFs reported for boosting bone repair were initially categorized according to their regulatory mechanisms. Thereafter, the challenges including short half-life, poor stability, and rapid enzyme degradation and deactivation for these exogenous BFs in bone healing are carefully outlined in this review. For these issues, BFs-imprinted scaffold vehicles have recently been reported to promote the stability of BFs and enhance their half-lifein vivo. This review is focused on the incorporation of BFs into the modulated biomaterials with various forms of bone tissue engineering applications: firstly, rigid bone graft substitutes (BGSs) were used to imprint BFs for large scale bone defect repair; secondly, the soft sponge-like scaffold carrying BFs is discussed as filling materials for the cavity of bone defects; thirdly, various injectable vehicles including hydrogel, nanoparticles, and microspheres for the delivery of BFs were also introduced for irregular bone fracture repair. Meanwhile, the challenges for BFs-imprinted scaffold vehicles are also analyzed in this review.
Isopropyl Alcohol Purification through Extractive Distillation using Glycerol as an Entrainer: Technical Performances Simulation and Design
Authors: Hartanto Dhoni , Handayani Prima Astuti , Sutrisno Akhmad , Anugrahani Viona Widya , Mustain Asalil , Khoiroh Ianatul 
Published: June 2020

Isopropyl alcohol is widely used as industrial chemical intermediates and common solvents in households, pharmaceuticals, food, cosmetics, and medical purposes. The high purity of isopropyl alcohol requires special separation from its impurity i.e. water due to isopropyl alcohol and water form an azeotropic point, which is difficult to separate using a conventional distillation method. The azeotropic point of this mixture is at isopropyl alcohol mole fraction of 0.68 and temperature of 353.4 K. One of the optimum methods to separate an azeotrope point is through the extractive distillation which use a third component as a solvent. Glycerol is one of the solvents which can be used as a potential entrainer in the extractive distillation. Glycerol is produced in the biodiesel production as a by-product. Moreover, glycerol is an eco-friendly chemical. In this work, the simulation of the extractive distillation of isopropyl alcohol/water system with glycerol as an entrainer was simulated using Aspen Plus. The Non-Random Two-Liquid (NRTL) model was used as thermodynamic model in the simulation. The effect of stage number, binary feed stage, entrainer feed stage, and reflux ratio to the purity of isopropyl alcohol, and reboiler-condenser duties were examined to achieve the optimum design for the extractive distillation column with less energy requirements. The simulation results showed that the optimum configurations in the extractive distillation column design are at 25 theoretical stages, binary feed stage (BFS) of 20, entrainer feed stage (EFS) of 2, and reflux ratio (RR) of 0.5 to produce isopropyl alcohol with the purity of 99.27%. The design and sizing of the extractive distillation column were also proposed in this work.
Editorial Board and Table of Contents
Authors: Šarkiūnaitė Ingrida 
Published: June 2020

In keeping with the scholarly traditions of Vilnius University Kaunas Faculty, the 14th “Prof. Vladas Gronskas International Scientific Conference” was held in December 2019. This international conference is an arena for cooperation and scholarly fellowship, with young researchers, master and doctoral students from Lithuania as well as Latvia, Ukraine, India, Bulgaria, Hungary, Turkey, Russia, Israel, Nigeria participating in the different conference sections and poster session. The main goal of this scientific gathering has always been to contribute to the reliable, safe, effective and sustainable economy and business development. Thus, the organizing committee strives to create a suitable platform for well‐grounded and open discussion where young researchers have the opportunity to present and share their insights.Encouraging entrepreneurship is a crucial condition for economic growth and this puts forward a new approach to business, creativity, value creation, and the implementation of innovations. It is precisely in this context where business and science should interact. To reinforce this relevant bond, the guest speakers of the plenary session were selected amongst experienced practitioners and scholars. This conference encourages internationalization and a closer cooperation between science and business. In 2019, the conference is going to expand the range of themes and invite not only the young but also experienced scientists to present their scientific findings. Hopefully, there has been some useful take‐away for both academia and business conference participants: new insights and inspirations for further scientific research and possible solutions to boost Lithuanian economy.
On behalf of the Scientific CommitteeAssoc. Prof. Dr Ingrida Šarkiūnaitė