bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The nexus between economic institutions and unemployment: evidence from sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Kilishi Abdullahi Abdulhakeem , Adebowale Hammed Adesola , Oladipupo Sodiq Abiodun 
Published: October 2020

PurposeThis paper aims to investigate the nexus between economic institutions (EI) and unemployment in sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries. Specifically, the paper examines the impact of aggregate EI and ten different components of institutions on total, male and female unemployment in SSA.Design/methodology/approachThe paper used unbalanced panel data of 37 SSA countries covering the period between 1995 and 2018. A dynamic heterogenous panel data model is specified for the study. Two alternative estimation techniques of dynamic fixed effect and pool mean group methods were used to estimate the models. The choice of appropriate method is based on Hausman specification test.FindingsThe findings reveal that aggregate EI and institutions related to the monetary system, trade flows, government spending and fiscal process significantly lead to less unemployment in the long-run. However, there is no evidence of a significant relationship between EI and unemployment in the short-run. These findings are consistent for total, male and female unemployment, respectively.Practical implicationsTo reduce unemployment significantly in the long run, policymakers in SSA need to build more market-friendly institutions that will incentivize private investment, allow free movement of labour and goods, as well as guarantee a stable macroeconomic environment and efficient fiscal system.Originality/valueMost of the existing studies focused on the influence of labour market institutions on unemployment ignoring the effects of other forms of institutions. While available studies on the link between institutions and unemployment used either OECD or other developed countries sample, with scanty evidence from Africa. However, the effects of EI could vary across regions. Thus, generalizing the findings from developed countries for SSA countries and other developing countries may be misleading. Hence, this paper contributes to the existing literature by examining the nexus between different types of EI and unemployment using the SSA sample.
India’s new-found love for wine tourism: a decanter of expectations and change
Authors: Singh Swati , Wagner Ralf , Raab Katharina 
Published: October 2020

Purpose
This study aims to investigate driving factors for wine tourists to revisit Indian vineyards. It explores the motivation for Indians engaged in wine tourism and specific behaviors related thereto. Framed in the theory of planned behavior, this paper proposes a conceptual model of revisit intentions for wine tourism. This model covers environmental concerns, escapism, countryside lifestyle, entertainment and spillovers of international traveling as direct antecedents for the revisit intentions.

Design/methodology/approach
A quantitative approach was adopted for this research. Data was gathered through a standardized questionnaire from 141 vineyard tourists in Nashik, India and evaluated by fitting a structural equation model.

Findings
Important drivers for wine tourists revisit intentions are countryside lifestyle and spillovers of international travel. Notably, entertainment does not have a significant direct effect, but a substantial impact moderated by escapism. Environmental concerns have a negative impact. The escapism component is the most influential motivation for revisiting the Indian vineyards.

Research limitations/implications
The attractiveness of vineyards visits in contrast to nearby tourist attractions needs to be clarified, e.g. by calibrating gravitation models.

Practical implications
Escapism is a substantial antecedent for the revisit intention of the vineyards while environmental concerns are its major barrier.

Social implications
Countryside lifestyle contributes to overcoming the disadvantage of the contemporary hectic society of the Indian middle class and preserving Indian roots along with modernizing lifestyles.

Originality/value
The first evidence of Indian wine tourists revisits intentions. The current research fills a research gap by examining India’s wine tourism phenomenon.
Optimal path strategy for the web computing under deep reinforcement learning
Authors: Shengdong Mu , Fengyu Wang , Zhengxian Xiong , Xiao Zhuang , Lunfeng Zhang 
Published: October 2020

Purpose
With the advent of the web computing era, the transmission mode of the Internet of Everything has caused an explosion in data volume, which has brought severe challenges to traditional routing protocols. The limitations of the existing routing protocols under the condition of rapid data growth are elaborated, and the routing problem is remodeled as a Markov decision process. this paper aims to solve the problem of high blocking probability due to the increase in data volume by combining deep reinforcement learning. Finally, the correctness of the proposed algorithm in this paper is verified by simulation.

Design/methodology/approach
The limitations of the existing routing protocols under the condition of rapid data growth are elaborated and the routing problem is remodeled as a Markov decision process. Based on this, a deep reinforcement learning method is used to select the next-hop router for each data transmission task, thereby minimizing the length of the data transmission path while avoiding data congestion.

Findings
Simulation results show that the proposed method can significantly reduce the probability of data congestion and increase network throughput.

Originality/value
This paper proposes an intelligent routing algorithm for the network congestion caused by the explosive growth of data volume in the future of the big data era. With the help of deep reinforcement learning, it is possible to dynamically select the transmission jump router according to the current network state, thereby reducing the probability of congestion and improving network throughput.
Cross-country income variations and inclusive financing
Authors: Safdar Muhammad Nabeel , Lin Tian , Amin Saba 
Published: October 2020

PurposeThis study, a symposium, aims to explore the determinants of financial inclusion, impact of cross-country income-variations on financial inclusion, do high-income countries really uplift the financial inclusion and does the higher financial inclusion index indicate the larger economy?Design/methodology/approachThis study adopts the panel data model to investigate the impact of high-income countries and low- and middle-income countries on financial inclusion. However, this study further adopts the principal component analysis rather than Sarma’s approach to calculate the financial inclusion index.FindingsBased on the Data of World Bank, United Nations, International Monetary Fund, World Development Indicators, this study concludes that there is no nexus between income variations and financial inclusion, as the study reveals that some low- and middle-income countries have greater financial inclusion index such as Thailand (2.8538FII), Brazil (1.9526FII) and Turkey (0.8582FII). In low- and middle-income countries, the gross domestic product per capita, information technology and communication, the rule of law, age dependency ratio and urbanization have a noteworthy impact on financial inclusion that accumulatively describe the 83% of the model. Whereas, in high-income countries, merely, information technology and urbanization have a substantial influence on the growth of financial revolution and financial inclusion that describes the 70% of the total.Research limitations/implicationsThe biggest limitation is the availability of data from different countries.Originality/valueThe originality of this paper is its technique, which is used in this paper to calculate the financial inclusion index. Furthermore, this study contributes to 40 different countries based on income, which could help to boost financial inclusion, and ultimately, it leads them toward economic growth.
The performance of consumers' cooperatives in America
Authors: Pencavel John 
Published: October 2020

PurposeThe purpose is to evaluate the performance of consumers' cooperatives in the United States over the last 100 years. This evaluation is based on an overlooked series of surveys undertaken by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics between 1920 and 1950. Where possible, the series are brought up to date.Design/methodology/approachThe surveys did not follow a single consistent organization. Therefore, the observations require rearrangement so that a single meaningful design is achieved.FindingsIn a number of instances, consumers' cooperatives have not merely survived but thrived. Indeed, some of their original and continuing methods of operation have been copied and adopted by firms that are not cooperatives.Originality/valueThe series constructed are original and singular. The author knows of no such comparable data.
Are biotech and big pharma the perfect match?
Authors: Salle Margaux Bruneau de la , Thomas Mark 
Published: October 2020

Purpose
The biotechnology (biotech) and pharmaceutical (pharma) industries have a lot of similarities, particularly regarding their mission to provide lifesaving and life-improving drugs. However, there are some key distinctions between the two industries. It is these differences, however, that make that ideal partners and have resulted in a wave of mergers and acquisitions between the two industries.

Design/methodology/approach
This research paper offers an insider-outsider approach to the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries. Based on an extensive review of the industries it offers key insights into the reasons for the multiple partnerships that have developed.

Findings
The findings demonstrate that the different stages of maturity of the business models of biotech and big pharma make them ideal partners. Both rely on the advantages of the other in their development, hence the wave on M&As between the two industries.

Originality/value
This article clearly shows how two firms or industries at different stages of maturity can be mutually beneficial. This has led to many acquisitions and mergers.
Long‐term effects of antibiotic treatments on honeybee colony fitness: A modelling approach
Authors: Bulson Laura , Becher Matthias A. , McKinley Trevelyan J. , Wilfert Lena 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Gut microbiome disequilibrium is increasingly implicated in host fitness reductions, including for the economically important and disease‐challenged western honey bee Apis mellifera. In laboratory experiments, the antibiotic tetracycline, which is used to prevent American Foulbrood Disease in countries including the US, elevates honey bee mortality by disturbing the microbiome. It is unclear, however, how elevated individual mortality affects colony‐level fitness.

We used an agent‐based model (BEEHAVE) and empirical data to assess colony‐level effects of antibiotic‐induced worker bee mortality, by measuring colony size. We investigated the relationship between the duration that the antibiotic‐induced mortality probability is imposed for and colony size.

We found that when simulating antibiotic‐induced mortality of worker bees from just 60 days per year, up to a permanent effect, the colony is reduced such that tetracycline treatment would not meet the European Food Safety Authority's (EFSA) honey bee protection goals. When antibiotic mortality was imposed for the hypothetical minimal exposure time, which assumes that antibiotics only impact the bee's fitness during the recommended treatment period of 15 days in both spring and autumn, the colony fitness reduction was only marginally under the EFSA's threshold.

Synthesis and Applications. Modelling colony‐level impacts of antibiotic treatment shows that individual honey bee worker mortality can lead to colony mortality. To assess the full impact, the persistence of antibiotic‐induced mortality in honey bees must be determined experimentally, in vivo. We caution that as the domestication of new insect species increases, maintaining healthy gut microbiomes is of paramount importance to insect health and commercial productivity. The recommendation from this work is to limit prophylactic use of antibiotics and to not exceed recommended treatment strategies for domesticated insects. This is especially important for highly social insects as excess antibiotic use will likely decrease colony growth and an increase in colony mortality.
Beyond the Home: Space and Agency in the Experiences of Female Service in Early Modern England
Authors: Mansell Charmian 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACTThis article reconfigures our understanding of female service in early modern England by examining the roles and spaces female servants occupied not only within their employers homes but outside and within the wider community. Using both quantitative and qualitative approaches to categorise and analyse the spaces in which female servants were recorded in church court depositions from the dioceses of Exeter, Gloucester and Winchester between 1550 and 1650, it argues that female servants were not confined to the domestic sphere either in their work or their social interactions. And further, it shows that female servants' links to the wider community gave them power and agency – limited perhaps, but significant nonetheless ‐ in their dealings with their employers.
Behavioral health home impact on transitional care and readmissions among adults with serious mental illness
Authors: Kennedy‐Hendricks Alene , Bandara Sachini , Daumit Gail L. , Busch Alisa B. , Stone Elizabeth M. , Stuart Elizabeth A. , Murphy Karly A. , McGinty Emma E. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of Maryland's behavioral health homes (BHHs) on receipt of follow‐up care and readmissions following hospitalization among Medicaid enrollees with serious mental illness (SMI).Data SourcesMaryland Medicaid administrative claims for 12 232 individuals.Study DesignWeighted marginal structural models were estimated to account for time‐varying exposure to BHH enrollment and time‐varying confounders. These models compared changes over time in outcomes among BHH and comparison participants. Outcome measures included readmissions and follow‐up care within 7 and 30 days following hospitalization.Data Collection/Extraction MethodsEligibility criteria included continuous enrollment in Medicaid for the first two years of the study period; 21‐64 years; and use of psychiatric rehabilitation services.Principal FindingsOver three years, BHH enrollment was associated with 3.8 percentage point (95% CI: 1.5, 6.1) increased probability of having a mental health follow‐up service within 7 days of discharge from a mental illness–related hospitalization and 1.9 percentage point (95% CI: 0.0, 3.9) increased probability of having a general medical follow‐up within 7 days of discharge from a somatic hospitalization. BHHs had no effect on probability of readmission.ConclusionsBHHs may improve follow‐up care for Medicaid enrollees with SMI, but effects do not translate into reduced risk of readmission.
Decompositions of house price distributions over time: The rise and fall of Tokyo house prices
Authors: McMillen Daniel , Shimizu Chihiro 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWe use recentered influence function regressions to decompose the differences in the distribution of sales prices across five stages of the business cycle in Tokyo for 1986–2016. Tokyo's housing market went through a period of rapid appreciation in prices during this time, followed by a long period of decline and a more recent increase. We find that a substantial portion of the change in the distribution of condominium prices across time periods is due to the natural aging of the housing stock, but also due to the location of the sales and the tendency for units to get larger over time.
In search of ‘low‐hanging fruits’ or ‘ideal’ candidates? Understanding headhunters' candidate search activities
Authors: Peltokorpi Vesa 
Published: October 2020

AbstractDrawing on theory and research on labour market intermediaries, we interviewed 51 contingency headhunters specialised in foreign subsidiaries in Japan to explore how they search host country national candidates and what factors influence their search activities. The findings suggest that headhunters search candidates through cold calls, personal and shared databases, online job boards and social network sites, and referrals. The findings also suggest that how headhunters search candidates are congruent with the perceived importance of client organisations, search firm size and headhunters' experience. The findings contribute to human resource management research by providing evidence of a complex cost‐benefit and experience‐related candidate search activities.
A micro‐computed tomographic evaluation of retreatability of BioRoot RCS in comparison with AH Plus
Authors: Alsubait Sara , Alhathlol Nuha , Alqedairi Abdullah , Alfawaz Hussam 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis study compared the retreatability of filling material from canals filled with BioRoot RCS (Septodont, Saint‐Maur‐des‐Fosses, France) and AH Plus (Dentsply DeTrey, Konstanz, Germany) combined with gutta‐percha using micro‐computed tomography for evaluation. Thirty‐four mandibular premolars were divided into two groups according to the sealer used. Thirty days after obturation, canals were retreated with a ProTaper Universal retreatment system (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) followed by passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI). The time taken for retreatment was recorded. The roots were scanned after obturation, after retreatment and after PUI. Data were analysed using the Mann–Whitney and Wilcoxon tests. Canals filled with BioRoot RCS exhibited significantly less remaining filling material than canals filled with AH Plus (P < 0.05). The addition of PUI resulted in a significant decrease in the residual material in both groups (P < 0.05). A significantly shorter retreatment time was reported for the AH Plus group than the BioRoot RCS group (P < 0.05).
Hospitalisations due to respiratory syncytial virus infection in children with Down syndrome before and after palivizumab recommendation in Japan
Authors: Okamoto Keisuke , Morio Tomohiro , Nakamura Yoshikazu , Hataya Hiroshi , Mizuta Koichi , Mori Masaaki 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAimDown syndrome has been considered an independent risk factor for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection. Palivizumab, an anti‐RSV humanised monoclonal antibody, was currently approved for all children with Down syndrome in Japan. To investigate the change in RSV‐associated hospitalisation (RSVH) rates before and after the universal approval of palivizumab in Japan in 2013, we conducted a nationwide retrospective survey.MethodsWe conducted a nationwide, retrospective, questionnaire survey across paediatric institutions in Japan. The recruited children with Down syndrome were divided into two groups: those born April 2010 to March 2013 (2010–2012 cohort) and those born April 2013 to March 2016 (2013–2015 cohort).ResultsOf the 664 institutions, 321 (48.3%) replied, and a total of 3929 children with Down syndrome were registered. The percentage of children who received palivizumab increased from 49.2% to 82.2%. The cumulative RSVH rate showed a decreased trend in the 2013–2015 cohort (OR, 0.83; 95%CI, 0.63–1.10), while the rate of these children (without CHD and born at a gestational age ≥ 36 weeks) was significantly decreased in the 2013–2015 cohort (OR, 0.56; 95%CI, 0.34–0.92).ConclusionThe cumulative RSVH rate tended to be decreased after approval for all children with Down syndrome although the result was not significant.
Population pharmacokinetics of gabapentin in patients with neuropathic pain: Lack of effect of diabetes or glycaemic control
Authors: Costa Ana Carolina Conchon , de Lima Benzi Jhohann Richard , Yamamoto Priscila Akemi , de Freitas Maria Cristina Foss , de Paula Francisco José Albuquerque , Zanelli Cleslei Fernando , Lauretti Gabriela Rocha , de Moraes Natália Valadares 
Published: October 2020

AimsGabapentin (GBP) is widely used to treat neuropathic pain, including diabetic neuropathic pain. Our objective was to evaluate the role of diabetes and glycaemic control on GBP population pharmacokinetics.MethodsA clinical trial was conducted in patients with neuropathic pain (n = 29) due to type 2 diabetes (n = 19) or lumbar/cervical disc herniation (n = 10). All participants were treated with a single oral dose GBP. Blood was sampled up to 24 hours after GBP administration. Data were analysed with a population approach using the stochastic approximation expectation maximization algorithm. Weight, body mass index, sex, biomarkers of renal function and diabetes, and genotypes for the main genetic polymorphisms of SLC22A2 (rs316019) and SLC22A4 (rs1050152), the genes encoding the transporters for organic cations OCT2 and OCTN1, were tested as potential covariates.ResultsGBP drug disposition was described by a 1‐compartment model with lag‐time, first‐order absorption and linear elimination. The total clearance was dependent on estimated glomerular filtration rate. Population estimates (between‐subject variability in percentage) for lag time, first‐order absorption rate, apparent volume of distribution and total clearance were 0.316 h (10.6%), 1.12 h−1 (10.7%), 140 L (7.7%) and 14.7 L/h (6.97%), respectively. No significant association was observed with hyperglycaemia, glycated haemoglobin, diabetes diagnosis, age, sex, weight, body mass index, SLC22A2 or SLC22A4 genotypes.ConclusionThis population pharmacokinetics model accurately estimated GBP concentrations in patients with neuropathic pain, using estimated glomerular filtrationrate as a covariate for total clearance. The distribution and excretion processes of GBP were not affected by hyperglycaemia or diabetes.
Influence of allopurinol on thiopurine associated toxicity: A retrospective population‐based cohort study
Authors: Houwen Jeroen P.A. , Egberts Antoine C.G. , de Boer Anthonius , van Maarseveen Erik M. , Houwen Roderick H.J. , Lalmohamed Arief 
Published: October 2020

AimsThiopurines are important for treating inflammatory bowel disease, but are often discontinued due to adverse effects. Concomitant use of allopurinol might lower the risk of these unwanted effects, but large studies in the general population are lacking. The aims of this study were to evaluate rates of hepatotoxicity, myelotoxicity, pancreas toxicity and therapy persistence in adult thiopurine users with or without allopurinol.MethodsA retrospective population‐based cohort study was conducted within current thiopurine users (Clinical Practice Research Datalink). Among these patients, co‐use of allopurinol was compared to non‐use. Hazard ratios (HRs) for hepatotoxicity, myelotoxicity and pancreatitis were derived using time‐dependent Cox proportional hazards models, and were adjusted for potential confounders. Persistence of thiopurine use was evaluated using Log‐rank statistics.ResultsPatients using thiopurines (n = 37 360) were identified of which 1077 were concomitantly taking allopurinol. A 58% decreased risk of hepatotoxicity was observed in those concomitantly taking allopurinol (HR 0.42; 95% CI 0.30–0.60; NNT 46). Rate of myelotoxicity (HR 0.96; 95% CI 0.89–1.03) was not influenced. Risk of pancreatitis was increased (HR 3.00; 95% CI 1.01–8.93; NNH 337), but was only seen in those with active gout (suggesting confounding by indication). Finally, allopurinol co‐users were able to maintain thiopurine therapy over twice as long as those not on allopurinol (3.9 years vs. 1.8 years, P < 0.0001).ConclusionIn thiopurine users, allopurinol is associated with a 58% reduced risk of hepatotoxicity. In addition, thiopurine persistence was prolonged by 2.1 years in allopurinol users. These data support the use of allopurinol in individuals requiring thiopurine therapy.