bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perceptually Compressive Communication of Interactive Telehaptic Signal
Authors: Kakade Suhas , Chaudhuri Subhasis 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDuring telehaptic applications over a shared communication medium, Weber’s law of perception based adaptive sampling scheme can be applied to reduce the data rate without degrading the perceptual quality of the haptic signal. However, the perceptual threshold (JND) is often unknown for a user. An experimental design involving bidirectional communication of haptic data over the Internet between the operator and teleoperator is carried out in this paper, which provides a real-time estimate of the Weber threshold for the telehaptic backward channel force signal. Using the proposed data-driven experimental protocol, we are able to reduce the packet rate significantly. We provide a subjective evaluation of the proposed technique to substantiate its usefulness.
Sound-Image Icon with Aerial Haptic Feedback
Authors: Rim Seunggoo , Suzuki Shun , Toide Yutaro , Fujiwara Masahiro , Makino Yasutoshi , Shinoda Hiroyuki 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn this study, we attempt to define a novel invisible mid-air three-dimensional (3D) object, which informs users of its existence and location via sound and haptic feedback. The correlation between the senses of hearing and touch creates the feeling of touching a sound source, which the user recognizes as a virtual object: sound-image icon. The sound from the icon instantaneously notifies the user about its position without requiring vision. In addition, aerial tactile sensation enables users to freely interact with and manipulate these icons with no need to wear any devices. Therefore, this approach exhibits enormous potential in various situations, such as surgical operations, works in factories, driving cars, and button/switch operations in daily life. In this study, we prototyped the sound-image icon and experimentally examined their feasibility. We confirmed that users could estimate the location of the icons and measured the time required to access these icons. The results indicate that the sound-image icon is feasible as a novel 3D interface.
Interest Arousal by Haptic Feedback During a Storytelling for Kindergarten Children
Authors: Shibasaki Mina , Kamiyama Youichi , Czech Elaine , Obata Koichi , Wakamoto Yusuke , Kishi Keisuke , Hasegawa Takayuki , Tsuchiya Shinkuro , Matsuda Soichiro , Minamizawa Kouta 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we introduce “Kinder BURU BURU cushion” a vibrotactile cushion that is used during storytelling time to grab the attention of children to help them to focus on the story. We conducted field tests using our system, which confirmed that children were more interested in a story when using our system compared to normal storytelling. For this research, we collaborated with a printing company and a picture book company, designed our system based on user studies at a kid’s space, and conducted empirical field experiments.
The psychosocial impact of flu influenza pandemics on healthcare workers and lessons learnt for the COVID-19 emergency: a rapid review
Authors: Barello Serena , Falcó-Pegueroles Anna , Rosa Debora , Tolotti Angela , Graffigna Guendalina , Bonetti Loris 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectivesDuring a pandemic, healthcare workers (HCWs) are essential to the health system response. Based on our knowledge, little information is available regarding the psychosocial impact on HCWs or interventions for supporting them during pandemics. Therefore, the study aimed to assess available literature on perceived stress and psychological responses to influenza pandemics in HCWs and identify implications for healthcare practice and future research.MethodsThis is a rapid review of the literature. The review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.ResultsAcross all the studies—both qualitative and quantitative—HCWs working during the epidemic reported frequent concerns regarding their own health and the fear of infecting their families, friends and colleagues. Moreover, social isolation, uncertainty, fears of stigmatization and reluctance to work or considering absenteeism were frequently reported. Moreover, many studies highlighted a high prevalence of high levels of stress, anxiety and depression symptoms, which could have long-term psychological implications in HCWs.ConclusionsThis rapid review offers an overview of the major concerns regarding HCWs’ psychosocial well-being and possible preventive strategies, which could be useful for the current COVID-19 outbreak and similar future pandemics. Studies suggested to invest on preventive psychological, social, family and physical support and to guaranteeing reasonable work conditions and others in order to protect HCWs from the long-lasting psychological effect of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Generalized ballistic-conductive heat transport laws in three-dimensional isotropic materials
Authors: Famà A. , Restuccia L. , Ván P. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractGeneral constitutive equations of heat transport with second sound and ballistic propagation in isotropic materials are given using non-equilibrium thermodynamics with internal variables. The consequences of Onsager reciprocity relations between thermodynamic fluxes and forces and positive definiteness of the entropy production are considered. The relation to theories of Extended Thermodynamics is discussed in detail. We provide an explicit expression for all the components of the matrices of the transport coefficients. The expressions are cumbersome but are expected to be useful for computer programming for simulations of the corresponding physical effects.
Erratum zu: Histopathologische Befunde bei therapierter und nichttherapierter SARS-CoV-2-Infektion – Bericht über 3 Autopsien
Authors: Dettmeyer R. , Lasczkowski G. , Weber A. , Wolter T. , Kernbach-Wighton G. 
Published: September 2020

Leider wurden durch ein technisches Versehen die Legenden der Abb. 8 und 9 vertauscht. Wir bitten Sie die korrigierten Abbildungen zu beachten und den Fehler zu …
An integrodifference model for vegetation patterns in semi-arid environments with seasonality
Authors: Eigentler Lukas , Sherratt Jonathan A. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractVegetation patterns are a characteristic feature of semi-deserts occurring on all continents except Antarctica. In some semi-arid regions, the climate is characterised by seasonality, which yields a synchronisation of seed dispersal with the dry season or the beginning of the wet season. We reformulate the Klausmeier model, a reaction–advection–diffusion system that describes the plant–water dynamics in semi-arid environments, as an integrodifference model to account for the temporal separation of plant growth processes during the wet season and seed dispersal processes during the dry season. The model further accounts for nonlocal processes involved in the dispersal of seeds. Our analysis focusses on the onset of spatial patterns. The Klausmeier partial differential equations (PDE) model is linked to the integrodifference model in an appropriate limit, which yields a control parameter for the temporal separation of seed dispersal events. We find that the conditions for pattern onset in the integrodifference model are equivalent to those for the continuous PDE model and hence independent of the time between seed dispersal events. We thus conclude that in the context of seed dispersal, a PDE model provides a sufficiently accurate description, even if the environment is seasonal. This emphasises the validity of results that have previously been obtained for the PDE model. Further, we numerically investigate the effects of changes to seed dispersal behaviour on the onset of patterns. We find that long-range seed dispersal inhibits the formation of spatial patterns and that the seed dispersal kernel’s decay at infinity is a significant regulator of patterning.
Setting the tree-ring record straight
Authors: Ludescher Josef , Bunde Armin , Büntgen Ulf , Schellnhuber Hans Joachim 
Published: September 2020

AbstractTree-ring chronologies are the main source for annually resolved and absolutely dated temperature reconstructions of the last millennia and thus for studying the intriguing problem of climate impacts. Here we focus on central Europe and compare the tree-ring based temperature reconstruction with reconstructions from harvest dates, long meteorological measurements, and historical model data. We find that all data are long-term persistent, but in the tree-ring based reconstruction the strength of the persistence quantified by the Hurst exponent is remarkably larger ($$h\cong 1.02$$

h
≅
1.02

) than in the other data ($$h=$$

h
=

0.52–0.69), indicating an unrealistic exaggeration of the historical temperature variations.We show how to correct the tree-ring based reconstruction by a mathematical transformation that adjusts the persistence and leads to reduced amplitudes of the warm and cold periods. The new transformed record agrees well with both the observational data and the harvest dates-based reconstructions and allows more realistic studies of climate impacts. It confirms that the present warming is unprecedented.
Hypoxic stress increases NF-κB and iNOS mRNA expression in normal, but not in keratoconus corneal fibroblasts
Authors: Stachon Tanja , Latta Lorenz , Seitz Berthold , Szentmáry Nóra 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
Keratoconus (KC) is associated with oxidative stress and hypoxia and as several times discussed, potentially with inflammatory components. Inflammation, hypoxia, and oxidative stress may result in metabolic dysfunction and are directly linked to each other. In the current study, we investigate the effect of hypoxia through NF-κB signaling pathways on iNOS, hypoxia-induced factors (HIF), ROS, and proliferation of normal and KC human corneal fibroblasts (HCFs), in vitro.

Methods
Primary human KC-HCFs and normal HCFs were isolated and cultured in DMEM/Ham’s F12 medium supplemented with 5% fetal calf serum. Hypoxic conditions were generated and quantitative PCR and Western blot analysis were performed to examine NF-κB, iNOS, HIF, and PHD2 expression in KC and normal HCFs. ROS level was analyzed using flow cytometry and proliferation by BrdU-ELISA.

Results
Hypoxia increased NF-κB mRNA and protein expression in normal HCFs, but in KC-HCFs NF-κB mRNA and protein expression remained unchanged. Hypoxic conditions upregulated iNOS mRNA expression of normal HCFs, but iNOS mRNA expression of KC-HCFs and iNOS protein expression of both HCF types remained unchanged. Hypoxia downregulated HIF-1α and HIF-2α mRNA expression in normal and KC-HCFs. PHD2 mRNA expression is upregulated under hypoxia in KC-HCFs, but not in normal HCFs. PHD2 protein expression was upregulated by hypoxia in both HCF types. Total ROS concentration is downregulated in normal and KC-HCFs under hypoxic conditions. Proliferation rate of KC-HCFs was upregulated through hypoxia, but did not change in normal HCFs.

Conclusions
Hypoxia increases NF-κB and iNOS mRNA expression in normal HCFs, but there does not seem to be enough capacity in KC-HCFs to increase NF-κB and iNOS mRNA expression under hypoxia, maybe due to the preexisting oxidative stress. HIF and PHD2 do not show altered iNOS regulation under hypoxic conditions in KC-HCFs, and therefore do not seem to play a role in keratoconus pathogenesis. An increased proliferation of cells may refer to compensatory mechanisms under hypoxia in KC. Understanding the mechanism of the altered regulation of NF-κB and iNOS in KC-HCFs will provide better insight into the potential inflammatory component of the KC pathogenesis.
Descriptive analysis of low versus elevated intracranial pressure on cerebral physiology in adult traumatic brain injury: a CENTER-TBI exploratory study
Authors:   CENTER-TBI High Resolution (HR ICU) Sub-Study Participants and Investigators, Zeiler Frederick A. , Ercole Ari , Cabeleira Manuel , Stocchetti Nino , Hutchinson Peter J. , Smielewski Peter , Czosnyka Marek 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Background
To date, the cerebral physiologic consequences of persistently elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) have been based on either low-resolution physiologic data or retrospective high-frequency data from single centers. The goal of this study was to provide a descriptive multi-center analysis of the cerebral physiologic consequences of ICP, comparing those with normal ICP to those with elevated ICP.

Methods
The Collaborative European NeuroTrauma Effectiveness Research in Traumatic Brain Injury (CENTER-TBI) High-Resolution Intensive Care Unit (HR-ICU) sub-study cohort was utilized. The first 3 days of physiologic recording were analyzed, evaluating and comparing those patients with mean ICP < 15 mmHg versus those with mean ICP > 20 mmHg. Various cerebral physiologic parameters were derived and evaluated, including ICP, brain tissue oxygen (PbtO2), cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP), pulse amplitude of ICP (AMP), cerebrovascular reactivity, and cerebral compensatory reserve. The percentage time and dose above/below thresholds were also assessed. Basic descriptive statistics were employed in comparing the two cohorts.

Results
185 patients were included, with 157 displaying a mean ICP below 15 mmHg and 28 having a mean ICP above 20 mmHg. For admission demographics, only admission Marshall and Rotterdam CT scores were statistically different between groups (p = 0.017 and p = 0.030, respectively). The high ICP group displayed statistically worse CPP, PbtO2, cerebrovascular reactivity, and compensatory reserve. The high ICP group displayed worse 6-month mortality (p < 0.0001) and poor outcome (p = 0.014), based on the Extended Glasgow Outcome Score.

Conclusions
Low versus high ICP during the first 72 h after moderate/severe TBI is associated with significant disparities in CPP, AMP, cerebrovascular reactivity, cerebral compensatory reserve, and brain tissue oxygenation metrics. Such ICP extremes appear to be strongly related to 6-month patient outcomes, in keeping with previous literature. This work provides multi-center validation for previously described single-center retrospective results.
Antibody response and the clinical presentation of patients with COVID-19 in Croatia: the importance of a two-step testing approach
Authors: Rode Oktavija Đaković , Kurolt Ivan-Christian , Puljiz Ivan , Čivljak Rok , Balent Nataša Cetinić , Laškaj Renata , Tiljak Mirjana Kujundžić , Mikulić Radojka , Markotić Alemka 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAccording to anti-SARS-CoV-2 seroresponse in patients with COVID-19 from Croatia, we emphasised the issue of different serological tests and need for combining diagnostic methods for COVID-19 diagnosis. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgA and IgG ELISA and IgM/IgG immunochromatographic assay (ICA) were used for testing 60 sera from 21 patients (6 with severe, 10 moderate, and 5 with mild disease). The main clinical, demographic, and haemato-biochemical data were analysed. The most common symptoms were cough (95.2%), fever (90.5%), and fatigue and shortness of breath (42.9%). Pulmonary opacities showed 76.2% of patients. Within the first 7 days of illness, seropositivity for ELISA IgA and IgG was 42.9% and 7.1%, and for ICA IgM and IgG 25% and 10.7%, respectively. From day 8 after onset, ELISA IgA and IgG seropositivity was 90.6% and 68.8%, and for ICA IgM and IgG 84.4% and 75%, respectively. In general, sensitivity for ELISA IgA and IgG was 68.3% and 40%, and for ICA IgM and IgG 56.7% and 45.0%, respectively. The anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody distributions by each method were statistically different (ICA IgM vs. IgG, p = 0.016; ELISA IgG vs. IgA, p < 0.001). Antibody response in COVID-19 varies and depends on the time the serum is taken, on the severity of disease, and on the type of test used. IgM and IgA antibodies as early-stage disease markers are comparable, although they cannot replace each other. Simultaneous IgM/IgG/IgA anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody testing followed by the confirmation of positive findings with another test in a two-tier testing is recommended.
Evaluation of three commercial assays for SARS-CoV-2 molecular detection in upper respiratory tract samples
Authors: Liotti Flora Marzia , Menchinelli Giulia , Marchetti Simona , Morandotti Grazia Angela , Sanguinetti Maurizio , Posteraro Brunella , Cattani Paola 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe increasing COVID-19 widespread has created the necessity to assess the diagnostic accuracy of newly introduced (RT-PCR based) assays for SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection in respiratory tract samples. We compared the results of the Allplex™ 2019-nCoV assay with those of the Simplexa™ COVID-19 Direct assay and the Quanty COVID-19 assay, respectively, all performed on 125 nasal/oropharyngeal swab samples of patients with COVID-19 suspicion. Fifty-four samples were positive, and 71 were negative with the Allplex™ assay, whereas 47 of 54 samples were also positive with the Simplexa™ assay. The Quanty assay detected 55 positive samples, including the 54 positive samples with the Allplex™ assay and 1 sample that was Allplex™ negative but Simplexa™ positive. Using a consensus result criterion as the reference standard allowed to resolve the eight samples with discordant results (one Allplex™ negative and seven Simplexa™ negative) as truly false negative. Interestingly, a Spearman’s negative association was found between the viral RNA loads quantified by the Quanty assay and the CT values of RT PCRs performed with either the Allplex™ assay or the Simplexa™ assay. However, the strength of this association was higher for the Allplex™ assay (N gene, ρ = − 0.92; RdRP gene, ρ = − 0.91) than for the Simplexa™ assay (ORF1ab gene, ρ = − 0.65; S gene, ρ = − 0.80). The Allplex™ 2019-nCoV, the Simplexa™ COVID-19 Direct, and the Quanty COVID-19 assays yielded comparable results. However, the role these assays might play in future clinical practice warrants larger comparison studies.
Nonsurgical periodontal therapy with/without 980 nm diode laser in patients after myocardial infarction: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Samulak Renata , Suwała Mariusz , Dembowska Elżbieta 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the possible benefits (in terms of periodontal status improvement and periodontal bacteria count reduction) of using 980 nm diode laser in the treatment of periodontitis in patients after myocardial infarction. Thirty-six patients under 65 years of age (mean: 56.3 ± 7.9) with periodontitis, 6 weeks to 6 months after myocardial infarction, were recruited for the study. The control group (n = 18) received SRP (scaling, root planing and polishing) while the test group (n = 18) received SRP followed by laser therapy of the periodontal pockets with 980 nm diode laser, 1 W, continuous wave mode, 20 s per tooth side. Procedures were repeated twice at 5–7 day intervals. Microbiological and periodontal examination, including periodontal pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), bleeding on probing (BOP) and plaque control record (PCR), were performed before treatment, 2 weeks and 3 months after treatment. The study was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov with Identifier: NCT04145557, 29.10.2019 “retrospectively registered”. Additional use of laser resulted in a significant reduction in pockets with PPD ≥ 7 mm (p = 0.0151). The diode laser reduced total bacteria count (p = 0.0154) and delayed recolonisation during a 3-month observation period. A significant increase in the number of Capnocytophaga gingivalis was observed in the control group (p = 0.048). Additional use of the diode laser after SRP had no significant effect on BOP, CAL and PCR. Within the limitations of our study, we can conclude that 980 nm diode laser can be a useful tool in the treatment of periodontitis in patients after myocardial infarction.
Opportunities for caries prevention using an ion-releasing coating material: a randomised clinical study
Authors: Örtengren Ulf , Lehrkinder Anna , Safarloo Aram , Axelsson Jasmine , Lingström Peter 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIon-releasing materials (containing fluoride and boron, for example) have shown caries-preventive effects in vitro. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the impact of multi-ion-releasing coating material on pH stabilisation, plaque accumulation and the bacterial composition of dental plaque during a time period of 90 days. The null hypothesis tested here was that the evaluated material would not show any differences in pH stabilisation, plaque accumulation or bacterial composition compared with control material.The study was carried out as a double-blind, split-mouth, randomised, controlled clinical trial in 28 volunteers. Over the evaluation period (days 4, 30, 60 and 90), pH measurements, plaque index and plaque sampling for bacterial analyses were conducted in a calibrated, standardized manner. The study received ethical permission and was carried out in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration.A significant difference was observed, with less plaque accumulation over time in the subjects in whom the ion-releasing material was applied in comparison to the non-active group. No significant difference was evident in terms of either pH stabilisation or plaque levels of mutans streptococci.The null hypothesis relating to plaque accumulation was rejected, with a lower plaque index shown for the test group up to 60–90 days. No adverse effects during the observation period were observed. Since the studied cohort was healthy from a caries perspective, more clinical studies are needed to further evaluate the caries-prevention potential of the ion-releasing material in other patient groups.
Spawning strategies in cypriniform fishes in a lowland river invaded by non-indigenous European barbel Barbus barbus
Authors: Gutmann Roberts Catherine , Britton J. Robert 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSpawning strategies of lowland river fishes include single spawning, where reproduction generally occurs in early spring to provide 0+ fish with an extended growth season through the summer, but with a high risk of stochastic mortality events occurring, such as early summer floods. This risk can be reduced by multiple or protracted spawning strategies, where 0+ fish are produced over an extended period, often into mid-summer, but with the trade-off being a shorter growth season. The spawning strategies of cypriniform fish were explored in the River Teme, a spate river in Western England, which has non-indigenous European barbel Barbus barbus present. Sampling 0+ fish in spring and summer and across three spawning periods, B. barbus, chub Squalius cephalus and minnow Phoxinus phoxinus always revealed multiple spawning events, with 0+ fish of < 20 mm present in samples collected from June to August. Fish below 20 mm in August remained relatively small by the end of their growth season (October). For dace Leuciscus leuciscus, only single spawning events were evident, but with 0+ dace always being relatively large. Therefore, multiple spawning appears to be a common strategy that provides resilience in 0+ fish against stochastic mortality events in lowland rivers.