bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The psychologisation of employment relations, alternative models of the employment relationship, and the OB turn
Authors: Budd John W. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAs part of this journal's provocation series, John Godard criticised the psychologisation of human resource management and expressed concern with the psychologisation of employment relations. This article uses four explicit frames of reference on the employment relationship to further explicate Godard's concern with the distancing of the field from questions about the structural nature of the employment relationship. This discussion is then extended to consider the magnifying implications of the turn within the field toward organisational behaviour research. Ultimately, the complexity of work and employment means that the field needs to be vigilant in embracing not only multidisciplinary but also multiperspective approaches rather than letting the field become excessively unitary.
Lasting alterations induced in glial cell phenotypes by short exposure to alcohol during embryonic development in zebrafish
Authors: Chatterjee Dipashree , Mahabir Samantha , Chatterjee Diptendu , Gerlai Robert 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDespite the known teratogenic effects of alcohol (ethanol) on the developing human fetus, the prevalence of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is not decreasing. Appropriate treatment for this life‐long disease has not been developed, and even diagnostic biomarkers are unavailable. FASD remains a large unmet medical need. Numerous animal models have been developed to mimic FASD and study potential underlying biological mechanisms. However, most of these models focused on neuronal phenotypes. Given that glial cells represent the majority of cells in the vertebrate brain, and given the increasingly appreciated roles they play in a myriad of neuronal functions as well as CNS disorders, we decided to investigate potential embryonic alcohol exposure induced changes in them. Building upon a previously introduced zebrafish model of milder and most prevalent forms of FASD, we investigated the effect of a 2‐hour‐long exposure to alcohol (1% vol/vol bath concentration) employed at the 24th hour postfertilization stage of development of zebrafish on a number of glial cell‐related phenotypes. We studied oligodendrocyte, astrocyte as well as microglia‐related phenotypes using immunohistochemistry, lipid, and enzyme activity analyses. We report significant changes in wide‐spread glial cell phenotypes induced by embryonic alcohol exposure in the zebrafish brain and conclude that the zebrafish will advance our understanding of the mechanisms of this devastating disorder.
Description of the fourth‐instar larva of Coquillettidia linealis (Diptera: Culicidae)
Authors: Johnson Petrina H , Russell Richard C 
Published: January 2020

AbstractCoquillettidia linealis (Skuse, 1889) is a common mosquito species, widespread in south‐east Australia. It is associated with permanent freshwater habitats where it can be very abundant and the cause of significant nuisance biting. Additionally, Cq. linealis is thought to be a significant vector of some arboviruses, such as Ross River virus, because numerous isolates have been recovered from the species. Although recognition of the species in 1889 was based on adult females, the larval stage has never been described. This lack of description has been primarily because the larvae are cryptic; all larval stages have modified respiratory siphons that pierce and remain attached to subsurface tissues of aquatic plants, from which they gain oxygen. Similarly, pupae have modified respiratory trumpets to attach to plants below the water surface. In this study, adult host‐seeking females were field collected and blood fed for oviposition, and the resulting larvae were reared to adults to establish a sustainable colony, from which fourth‐instar larvae were selected to provide the first formal description of this life stage of Cq. linealis. This description allows differentiation of Cq. linealis from larvae of its local congener Coquillettidia xanthogaster (Edwards) as well as local Mansonia species but not the larvae of the other Coquillettidia species in Australia that are still undescribed.
The effect of home care package allocation reforms on service uptake, use and cessation at a large Australian aged care provider
Authors: Jorgensen Mikaela , Siette Joyce , Georgiou Andrew , Westbrook Johanna I. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo utilise routinely collected data to examine changes in the client profile of a large aged care provider before and after commencement of the 2017 policy reforms, whereby home care packages were allocated to individuals rather than providers.MethodsInterrupted time series analysis was used to measure changes in service uptake and cessation. Chi‐square and t tests were used to compare client profiles in the 12 months before and after policy changes.ResultsA total of 4132 people used home care services with the provider between March 2016 and March 2018. Fewer people commenced services post‐reforms, and they were more likely to be younger and have a partner. There was no change in the number choosing to terminate services post‐reforms.ConclusionVulnerable older Australians may experience greater difficulty accessing services under the new system, suggesting greater scrutiny of the reforms in achieving policy objectives is required. Analyses of routinely collected data sets can support this evaluation process.
Machine Sky: Social and Terrestrial Engineering in a Chinese Weather System
Authors: Zee Jerry C. 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTThis article explores Chinese environmental politics as a complex strategy for engineering weather and climate at national and then planetary scales. It argues that in times of meteorological insecurity, we can explore diverse sites in China's state environmental political apparatus as attempts at coordinating diverse physical, natural, and social processes into components of manipulable weather systems. Through considering two programs of state environmental intervention, the article explores “infrastructure” as a political practice and opportunity. First, in considering aerial seeding and ecological migration programs in the context of anti‐dust storm programs spearheaded by state forestry agencies, I show how environmental engineering involves the continual retooling of wind flows, local ecologies, and ex‐herder precarity into a variegated strategy of atmospheric control for downwind places in the path of dust storms. Then, I explore how the recent ascendance of the Chinese state in international climate accords builds on a decade‐long theorization of “socialist ecological civilization” by Party theorists. In aligning the longevity of state socialism with the sustaining of planetary climate systems, I argue that Chinese international politics increasingly rely on a vision of China as infrastructural to the political and climatic apparatus of the planet as such. [climate change, environment, infrastructure, dust storms, China]
Making of the mind
Authors: Padilla Nelly , Lagercrantz Hugo 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe essence of the mind is consciousness. It emerged early during evolution and ontogeny appears to follow the same process as phylogeny. Consciousness comes from multiple sources, including visual, auditory, sensorimotor and proprioceptive senses. These gradually combine during development to build a unified consciousness, due to the constant interactions between the brain, body, and environment. In the human the emergence of consciousness depends on the activation of the cortex by thalamocortical connections around 24 weeks after conception. Then, the human foetus can be potentially conscious, as it is aware of its body and reacts to touch, smell and sound and shows social expressions in response to external stimuli. However, it is mainly asleep and probably not aware of itself and its environment. In contrast, the newborn infant is awake after its first breaths of air and can be aware of its own self and others, express emotions and share feelings. The development of consciousness is a progressive, stepwise, structural and functional evolution of multiple intricate components. The infant fulfils some of the more basic criteria for consciousness. However, there are some important missing pieces at this stage, as it cannot remember the past and anticipate the future.
Building Forcello: Etruscan wattle‐and‐daub technique in the Po Plain (Bagnolo San Vito, Mantua, northern Italy)
Authors: Amicone S. , Croce E. , Castellano L. , Vezzoli G. 
Published: January 2020

The study analyses through an interdisciplinary approach the wattle‐and‐daub building technique used on the Po Plain of northern Italy, focusing on the archaeological evidence from the Etruscan site of Forcello, near Bagnolo San Vito (Mantua) (540–375 bce). Wattle and daub is widespread across different times and periods, and is particularly common in regions such as the Po Plain, where stone sources for construction are not immediately available. Thanks to a combined archaeometric, geological and anthracological study, the paper provides new insights on a fifth‐century bce building structure from Forcello. The findings reveal information on the life history of this feature, including its construction, maintenance and final destruction. The research also sheds a new light on the wattle‐and‐daub technique and on the interaction between people and the Po Plain Etruscan palaeoenvironment.
Dual antivascular function of human fibulin‐3 variant, a potential new drug discovery strategy for glioblastoma
Authors: Ke Chao , Luo Jun‐ran , Cen Zi‐wen , Li Yanyan , Cai Hai‐ping , Wang Jing , Chen Fu‐rong , Siegel Eric R. , Le Kody N. , Winokan Jesica R. , Gibson Grace J. , McSwain Asia E. , Afrasiabi Kambiz , Linskey Mark E. , Zhou You‐Xin , Chen Zhong‐ping , Zhou Yi‐Hong 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe ECM protein EFEMP1 (fibulin‐3) is associated with all types of solid tumor through its cell context‐dependent dual function. A variant of fibulin‐3 was engineered by truncation and mutation to alleviate its oncogenic function, specifically the proinvasive role in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cells at stem‐like state. ZR30 is an in vitro synthesized 39‐kDa protein of human fibulin‐3 variant. It has a therapeutic effect in intracranial xenograft models of human GBM, through suppression of epidermal growth factor receptor/AKT and NOTCH1/AKT signaling in GBM cells and extracellular MMP2 activation. Glioblastoma multiforme is highly vascular, with leaky blood vessels formed by tumor cells expressing endothelial cell markers, including CD31. Here we studied GBM intracranial xenografts, 2 weeks after intratumoral injection of ZR30 or PBS, by CD31 immunohistochemistry. We found a 70% reduction of blood vessel density in ZR30‐treated xenografts compared with that of PBS‐treated ones. Matrigel plug assays showed the effect of ZR30 on suppressing angiogenesis. We further studied the effect of ZR30 on genes involved in endothelial transdifferentiation (ETD), in 7 primary cultures derived from 3 GBMs under different culture conditions. Two GBM cultures formed mesh structures with upregulation of ETD genes shortly after culture in Matrigel Matrix, and ZR30 suppressed both. ZR30 also downregulated ETD genes in two GBM cultures with high expression of these genes. In conclusion, multifaceted tumor suppression effects of human fibulin‐3 variant include both suppression of angiogenesis and vasculogenic mimicry in GBM.
Business risk management programs under review
Authors: Slade Peter 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe Canadian federal, provincial, and territorial governments recently enacted a new 5‐year agricultural policy framework, the Canadian Agricultural Partnership. While the framework contained few changes to existing policies, the governments also committed to a full review of Canadian business risk management (BRM) programs. In this article, I provide an overview of the existing suite of BRM programs and summarize the BRM program review. I conclude by making recommendations for future policy frameworks.
Density and Distinctiveness in Early Word Learning: Evidence From Neural Network Simulations
Authors: Jones Samuel David , Brandt Silke 
Published: January 2020

AbstractHigh phonological neighborhood density has been associated with both advantages and disadvantages in early word learning. High density may support the formation and fine‐tuning of new word sound memories—a process termed lexical configuration (e.g., Storkel, 2004). However, new high‐density words are also more likely to be misunderstood as instances of known words, and may therefore fail to trigger the learning process (e.g., Swingley & Aslin, 2007). To examine these apparently contradictory effects, we trained an autoencoder neural network on 587,954 word tokens (5,497 types, including mono‐ and multisyllabic words of all grammatical classes) spoken by 279 caregivers to English‐speaking children aged 18–24 months. We then simulated a communicative development inventory administration and compared network performance to that of 2,292 children aged 18–24 months. We argue that autoencoder performance illustrates concurrent density advantages and disadvantages, in contrast to prior behavioral and computational literature treating such effects independently. Low network error rates signal a configuration advantage for high‐density words, while high network error rates signal a triggering advantage for low‐density words. This interpretation is consistent with the application of autoencoders in academic research and industry, for simultaneous feature extraction (i.e., configuration) and anomaly detection (i.e., triggering). Autoencoder simulation therefore illustrates how apparently contradictory density and distinctiveness effects can emerge from a common learning mechanism.Open Research Badges

This article has earned an Open Data badge for making publicly available the digitally‐shareable data necessary to reproduce the reported results. The data is available at https://osf.io/2qk5j/. Learn more about the Open Practices badges from the Center for Open Science: https://osf.io/tvyxz/wiki.
Assessment of Turkish dentists’ knowledge about managing avulsed teeth
Authors: Duruk Gulsum , Erel Zehra Beyza 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackground/AimThe first intervention and clinical experience are important in the treatment of dental avulsions. The aim of this study was to evaluate general dentists’ and specialists’ knowledge about the management of avulsed teeth.Materials MethodsA total of 400 participants were evaluated. The questionnaire consisted of three parts: The first part inquired about personal information. The second part evaluated dentists’ knowledge of emergency and clinical management in case of tooth avulsion. The third part was about dentists' perspective on dental trauma education and self‐evaluation on dental trauma knowledge. The survey data obtained were analyzed using the Kruskal‐Wallis test, Chi‐square test, and multiple regression analysis.ResultsThe questionnaires were answered by 155 dental practitioners, 80 pediatric dentists, and 165 other specialists. Pediatric dentists who have seen more trauma cases during their education are more knowledgeable about the management of tooth avulsion (P < .01).More than half of the dentists who participated in this study (58%) had less than 5 years of experience, 21% had between 6 and 10 years, 6.3% had between 11 and 15 years, 6% had between 16 and 20 years, and 8.8% had more than 20 years of experience in clinical practice. Dentists with fewer years of experience were more knowledgeable than dentists with more years of experience (P < .01).ConclusionThe knowledge of dentists about the management of dental avulsion was acceptable but inadequate. While the knowledge of dentists was moderate, the knowledge of pediatric dentists was good.
Evaluation of artificial intelligence for detecting periapical pathosis on cone‐beam computed tomography scans
Authors: Orhan K. , Bayrakdar I. S. , Ezhov M. , Kravtsov A. , Özyürek T. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAimTo verify the diagnostic performance of an artificial intelligence system based on the deep convolutional neural network method to detect periapical pathosis on cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT) images.Methodologyimages of 153 periapical lesions obtained from 109 patients were included. The specific area of the jaw and teeth associated with the periapical lesions were then determined by a human observer. Lesion volumes were calculated using the manual segmentation methods using Fujifilm‐Synapse 3D software (Fujifilm Medical Systems, Tokyo, Japan). The neural network was then used to determine (i) whether the lesion could be detected; (ii) if the lesion was detected, where it was localized (maxilla, mandible or specific tooth); and (iii) lesion volume. Manual segmentation and artificial intelligence (AI) (Diagnocat Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA) methods were compared using Wilcoxon signed rank test and Bland–Altman analysis.ResultsThe deep convolutional neural network system was successful in detecting teeth and numbering specific teeth. Only one tooth was incorrectly identified. The AI system was able to detect 142 of a total of 153 periapical lesions. The reliability of correctly detecting a periapical lesion was 92.8%. The deep convolutional neural network volumetric measurements of the lesions were similar to those with manual segmentation. There was no significant difference between the two measurement methods (P > 0.05).ConclusionsVolume measurements performed by humans and by AI systems were comparable to each other. AI systems based on deep learning methods can be useful for detecting periapical pathosis on CBCT images for clinical application.
Effect of a hybrid process, high hydrostatic pressure treatment combined with mixed‐strain fermentation, on the quality of the dietary fibre in pickled vegetables
Authors: Li Wenhui , Jin Quan , Wu Qiaoyu , Zhang Wei , Luo Yiqing , Gu Sihao , Wu Jinhong , Wang Zhengwu 
Published: January 2020

SummaryA new hybrid processing technology, mixed‐strain (Lactobacillus plantarum and Pediococcus acidilactici; mixed‐LAB) fermentation combined with high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) treatment, was used to modify the dietary fibre (DF) in Sichuan pickled vegetables. This process significantly improved the swelling and water holding capacities of the DF, while the oil holding capacities first increased and then decreased sharply with elevated pressure. Physio‐functional properties of DF, including heavy metal adsorption, cholate adsorption and α‐amylase inhibitory activity, were also enhanced, and antioxidant activity assays revealed an increase in the free radical scavenging ability and the ferric reducing adsorption capacity. The DF structure analysis showed that the hybrid process increased the contents of soluble dietary fibre and monosaccharides of the DF. Moreover, the microstructure is loosened and the surface pore size is expanded. These results indicate that combining mixed‐LAB fermentation with HHP treatment is a potential tool that would enable the production of a better quality of DF.
Efficacy of benzyl isothiocyanate for controlling Salmonella on alfalfa seeds and sprouts
Authors: Yin Hsin‐Bai , Boomer Ashley , Chen Chi‐Hung , Patel Jitendra 
Published: January 2020

SummaryThe efficacy of benzyl isothiocyanate (BIT), a compound found in cruciferous vegetables, for controlling Salmonella on alfalfa seeds and sprouts was investigated. Alfalfa seeds were inoculated by individual Salmonella enterica serotypes Newport, Typhimurium, Tennessee, Montevideo, or Braenderup at two inoculation levels of 3 or 5 log CFU g−1, followed by treatment with BIT (0.5–2%) or chlorine (2%) for 15 min. Treated seeds were sprouted in seed sprouters. Surviving Salmonella populations on the seeds and sprouts were determined. At both inoculum levels, 1.5% and 2% of BIT significantly reduced populations S. Typhimurium and S. Braenderup on seeds to a level comparable to the chlorine‐treated seeds. Salmonella populations recovered from the sprouts germinated from 1.5% or 2% BIT‐treated seeds were significantly lower than the control and chlorine‐treated seeds at both inoculum levels (P < 0.05). The results of the study indicate that BIT can be used to control Salmonella contamination on alfalfa seeds and subsequent sprouting process.
Lean mass index is positively associated with white matter volumes in several brain regions in children with overweight/obesity
Authors: Gracia‐Marco Luis , Esteban‐Cornejo Irene , Ubago‐Guisado Esther , Rodriguez‐Ayllon Maria , Mora‐Gonzalez Jose , Solis‐Urra Patricio , Cadenas‐Sanchez Cristina , Verdejo‐Roman Juan , Catena Andres , Erickson Kirk I. , Ortega Francisco B. 
Published: January 2020

SummaryBackgroundThe relationship of obesity with grey and white matter volumes has been examined in several studies, and the results are decidedly mixed.ObjectiveTo investigate the associations of body mass index (BMI), fat mass index (FMI) and lean mass index (LMI) with total and regional grey and white matter volumes.MethodsThis is a cross‐sectional study involving 100 children (60% boys) with overweight/obesity. T1‐weighted images were acquired using magnetic resonance imaging. Dual energy X‐ray absorptiometry was used to measure body composition. Separate hierarchical regression analyses were performed between predictor variables (BMI, FMI and LMI) and the total brain volumes including sex, years from peak height velocity and parental education as covariates. In addition, FMI was added as a covariate when LMI was the predictor and vice versa. Statistical analyses of imaging data were performed using three whole‐brain voxel‐wise multiple regression models and adjusted by the same covariates.ResultsLMI was positively associated with white matter in numerous regions and to a lower extent, with grey matter regions. Further, the relationship between LMI, and grey and white matter regions was independent of FMI levels.ConclusionsLMI seems to be a positive predictor of regional white matter volumes in children with overweight/obesity.
Persistent atrial fibrillation over 3 years is associated with higher recurrence after catheter ablation
Authors: Yu Hee Tae , Kim In‐Soo , Kim Tae‐Hoon , Uhm Jae‐Sun , Kim Jong‐Youn , Joung Boyoung , Lee Moon‐Hyoung , Pak Hui‐Nam 
Published: January 2020

AbstractInstructionLonger atrial fibrillation (AF) durations have higher recurrence rates after rhythm control. However, there is limited data on the effect of the AF duration on recurrence after atrial fibrillation catheter ablation (AFCA). In the present study, we investigated the rhythm outcome of AFCA according to the AF duration based on the first electrocardiogram (ECG) diagnosis.Methods and ResultsWe included 1005 patients with AF (75% male, 59 ± 11 years old) who underwent AFCA and whose first ECG diagnosis time point was evident. The clinical characteristics and rhythm outcomes were compared based on the AF duration (≤3 years, n = 537; >3 years, n = 468) and AF burden (paroxysmal atrial fibrillation [PAF], n = 387; persistent atrial fibrillation [PeAF], n = 618). Longer AF durations were associated with older age (P = .020), larger left atrial size (P = .009) and a higher number of patients with hypertension (P < .001) or PeAF (P < .001). During 24 ± 22 months of follow‐up, the postablation clinical recurrence rate was higher in patients with a longer AF duration (logrank P = .002). The AF recurrence rate was significantly higher in PeAF patients with an AF duration >3 years (logrank P = 0.009), but not in subjects with PAF (logrank P = .939). In a multivariate Cox regression analysis, a longer AF duration was significantly associated with a higher clinical recurrence rate after AFCA in PeAF patients (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.06; range, 1.03‐0.10; P = 0.001), but not PAF.ConclusionAlthough longer AF duration was associated with higher clinical recurrence rates after AFCA, the rate was significant in patients with PeAF lasting >3 years, but not in PAF patients.