bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Environmental DNA detection tracks established seasonal occurrence of blacktip sharks (Carcharhinus limbatus) in a semi-enclosed subtropical bay
Authors: Postaire Bautisse D. , Bakker Judith , Gardiner Jayne , Wiley Tonya R. , Chapman Demian D. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe integration of eDNA analysis into the population assessment and monitoring of sharks could greatly improve temporal and spatial data used for management purposes. This study aimed to compare eDNA detection against well-established seasonal changes in blacktip shark (Carcharhinus limbatus) abundance in Terra Ceia Bay (FL, USA). We used a species-specific real-time PCR approach to detect C. limbatus eDNA in the bay on a near monthly basis from spring through mid-fall in 2018 and 2019. Previous studies have shown that C. limbatus give birth in the bay in early summer and immature sharks occur there until late fall, when decreasing water temperatures cause them to move offshore and southwards. Water samples (2 L) were collected (4–6 per month) and filtered in the field, with each then being subjected to real-time PCR. Carcharhinus limbatus ‘positive’ filters were significantly more commonly collected during the April-July sampling period than during the August-October sampling period. While following the predicted pattern, eDNA concentration was generally too low for accurate quantification. Our results show that C. limbatus eDNA detection follows known seasonal residency patterns consistently over 2 years of monitoring. Species-specific eDNA analysis using real-time PCR could therefore represent a cost-effective, scalable sampling tool to facilitate improved shark population monitoring in semi-enclosed marine habitats.
A fully automated artificial intelligence method for non-invasive, imaging-based identification of genetic alterations in glioblastomas
Authors: Calabrese Evan , Villanueva-Meyer Javier E. , Cha Soonmee 
Published: July 2020

AbstractGlioblastoma is the most common malignant brain parenchymal tumor yet remains challenging to treat. The current standard of care—resection and chemoradiation—is limited in part due to the genetic heterogeneity of glioblastoma. Previous studies have identified several tumor genetic biomarkers that are frequently present in glioblastoma and can alter clinical management. Currently, genetic biomarker status is confirmed with tissue sampling, which is costly and only available after tumor resection or biopsy. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a fully automated artificial intelligence approach for predicting the status of several common glioblastoma genetic biomarkers on preoperative MRI. We retrospectively analyzed multisequence preoperative brain MRI from 199 adult patients with glioblastoma who subsequently underwent tumor resection and genetic testing. Radiomics features extracted from fully automated deep learning-based tumor segmentations were used to predict nine common glioblastoma genetic biomarkers with random forest regression. The proposed fully automated method was useful for predicting IDH mutations (sensitivity = 0.93, specificity = 0.88), ATRX mutations (sensitivity = 0.94, specificity = 0.92), chromosome 7/10 aneuploidies (sensitivity = 0.90, specificity = 0.88), and CDKN2 family mutations (sensitivity = 0.76, specificity = 0.86).
Factors controlling the distributions of dissolved organic matter in the East China Sea during summer
Authors: Kim Jeonghyun , Kim Tae-Hoon , Park Sang Rul , Lee Hyuk Je , Kim Jang Kyun 
Published: July 2020

AbstractTo determine the distribution of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in the East China Sea (ECS) during the summer, we measured the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and nitrogen (DON), fluorescent dissolved organic matter (FDOM), and chlorophyll a (Chl. a) in the upper 100-m layer of this region during July and September 2015. The DOC (r2 = 0.72 and 0.78 in July and September, respectively) and DON (r2 = 0.43 and 0.33) were significantly correlated with salinity, suggesting that the river is the primary origin of DOM. However, we found that at a DOC “pulse” under a salinity ranging from 24 to 35, the extrapolating DOC values (304 ± 11 μM) were twice higher than those with a salinity of close to 0, as found in a previous study. The excess DOC concentration seemed to be attributed to the microbial metabolism during transport from the estuary based on the good relationships between DOC and marine humic-like FDOM (r2 = 0.42 and 0.47), as well as the fluorescence, humification, and biological indexes, but showed no correlation with Chl. a. Thus, the results of our study indicate that microbial activities can be a significant factor controlling the distribution of DOM in the ECS during summer.
Facile formulation and fabrication of the cathode using a self-lithiated carbon for all-solid-state batteries
Authors: Delaporte N. , Darwiche A. , Léonard M. , Lajoie G. , Demers H. , Clément D. , Veillette R. , Rodrigue L. , Trudeau M. L. , Kim C. , Zaghib K. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe propose a innovative concept to boost the electrochemical performance of cathode composite electrodes using surface-modified carbons with hydrophilic moieties to increase their dispersion in a Lithium Nickel Manganese Cobalt Oxide (NMC) cathode and in-situ generate Li-rich carbon surfaces. Using a rapid aqueous process, the hydrophilic carbon is effectively dispersed in NMC particles followed by the conversion of its acid surface groups (e.g. –COOH), which interact with the NMC particles due to their basicity, into grafted Li salt (–COO−Li+). The solid-state batteries prepared using the cathode composites with surface-modified carbon exhibit better electrochemical performance. Such modified carbons led to a better electronic conduction path as well as facilitating Li+ ions transfer at the carbon/NMC interface due to the presence of lithiated carboxylate groups on their surface.
Acoustic Model of Perceived Overall Severity of Dysphonia in Adductor-Type Laryngeal Dystonia
Authors: Buckley Daniel P. , Cadiz Manuel Diaz , Eadie Tanya L. , Stepp Cara E. 
Published: July 2020

Purpose
This study is a secondary analysis of existing data. The goal of the study was to construct an acoustic model of perceived overall severity of dysphonia in adductory laryngeal dystonia (AdLD). We predicted that acoustic measures (a) related to voice and pitch breaks and (b) related to vocal effort would form the primary elements of a model corresponding to auditory-perceptual ratings of overall severity of dysphonia.

Method
Twenty inexperienced listeners evaluated the overall severity of dysphonia of speech stimuli from 19 individuals with AdLD. Acoustic features related to primary signs of AdLD (hyperadduction resulting in pitch and voice breaks) and to a potential secondary symptom of AdLD (vocal effort, measures of relative fundamental frequency) were computed from the speech stimuli. Multiple linear regression analysis was applied to construct an acoustic model of the overall severity of dysphonia.

Results
The acoustic model included an acoustic feature related to pitch and voice breaks and three acoustic measures derived from relative fundamental frequency; it explained 84.9% of the variance in the auditory-perceptual ratings of overall severity of dysphonia in the speech samples.

Conclusions
Auditory-perceptual ratings of overall severity of dysphonia in AdLD were related to acoustic features of primary signs (pitch and voice breaks, hyperadduction associated with laryngeal spasms) and were also related to acoustic features of vocal effort. This suggests that compensatory vocal effort may be a secondary symptom in AdLD. Future work to generalize this acoustic model to a larger, independent data set is necessary before clinical translation is warranted.
Diagnosis of Developmental Language Disorder in Research Studies
Authors: Nitido Hallie , Plante Elena 
Published: July 2020

Purpose
The aim of this study was to investigate the extent to which researchers in the field of developmental language disorder are utilizing validated methods to diagnose their research participants.

Method
We examined 90 research articles published from 2015 to 2019 that included English-speaking participants from the United States who were identified as having a developmental language disorder or specific language impairment. From these articles, we identified the tests and measures used to identify participants and classify them as healthy or impaired. We then consulted the test manuals and the literature to find information on sensitivity and specificity of the test and the evidence-based cut score that maximized identification accuracy.

Results
Of the 90 articles examined, 38 (42%) were found to reflect validated diagnostic methods, and 51 (58%) did not.

Conclusion
Our results illustrate that validated methods are used less than half of the time even by those who should have a high level of expertise and despite calls for increasing scientific rigor in research practices.
The Importance of Speech-Language Pathologists' Explicit Knowledge of Morphology
Authors: Brimo Danielle , Henbest Victoria S. 
Published: July 2020

Purpose
Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) work with students with specific language impairment and specific learning disorder who are known to have deficits in morphological knowledge and morphological awareness. Thus, it is important that SLPs have explicit knowledge of morphology to classify, elicit, and correct morphological errors to improve these students' morphological knowledge and morphological awareness. The purposes of this clinical focus article are to summarize current evidence about SLPs and other educators' explicit knowledge of language, to identify information that supports explicit knowledge of morphology, and to illustrate the use of explicit knowledge of morphology with a hypothetical case study.

Method
A case-based demonstration of an SLP's use of his/her explicit knowledge of morphology to analyze a fourth-grade student's production of derivational morphemes in a spoken language sample and on a sentence completion task is presented.

Results and Conclusion
The SLP's morphological analyses and summarization of the analyses are presented.
Correlated energy uncertainties in reaction rate calculations
Authors: Longland Richard , de Séréville Nicolas 
Published: July 2020

Context. Monte Carlo methods can be used to evaluate the uncertainty of a reaction rate that arises from many uncertain nuclear inputs. However, until now no attempt has been made to find the effect of correlated energy uncertainties in input resonance parameters.
Aims. Our goal is to investigate the impact of correlated resonance energy uncertainties on reaction rates.
Methods. Using a combination of numerical and Monte Carlo variation of resonance energies, the effect of correlations are investigated. Five reactions are considered: two fictional, illustrative cases and three reactions whose rates are of current interest.
Results. The effect of correlations in resonance energies depends on the specific reaction cross section and temperatures considered. When several resonances contribute equally to a reaction rate, and when they are located on either side of the Gamow peak, correlations between their energies dilute their effect on reaction rate uncertainties. If they are both located above or below the maximum of the Gamow peak, however, correlations between their resonance energies can increase the reaction rate uncertainties. This effect can be hard to predict for complex reactions with wide and narrow resonances contributing to the reaction rate.
Prenatal Diagnosis and Postnatal Outcome of Eight Cases with Criss-Cross Heart – A Multicenter Case Series
Authors: Vorisek Carina Nina , Kurkevych Andrii , Kuhn Viktoria , Stessig Rüdiger , Ritgen Jochen , Degenhardt Jan , Enzensberger Christian , Wolter Aline , Götte Malena , Khalil Markus , Akintürk Hakan , Axt-Fliedner Roland 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Objective Criss-cross heart (CCH) is a rare congenital cardiac defect defined by crossing of ventricular inflow streams contributing to less than 0.1 % of all congenital heart anomalies. Due to its rarity and complexity, prenatal diagnosis in these patients remains challenging. We sought to describe prenatal findings and postnatal course in eight cases of prenatally diagnosed CCH.
Methods This is a retrospective case series of prenatally diagnosed CCH in three centers between 2010–2017. We reviewed fetal echocardiograms as well as postnatal clinical charts and surgical reports.
Results 8 cases of CCH were included. The median gestational age at diagnosis was 27 weeks. 7 patients were found with situs solitus, one fetus with situs ambiguous. In all patients, the four-chamber view was abnormal. There was atrioventricular discordance in half of the patients, while all patients showed ventriculoarterial discordance. All patients were found with additional cardiac anomalies, including ventricular septal defect, double outlet right ventricle, right aortic arch, atrial septal defect and pulmonary stenosis. Three patients underwent amniocentesis without pathological findings. All patients were born alive at a median gestational age of 38 + 2 weeks and survived our median follow-up of 181 days.
Conclusion CCH can be diagnosed prenatally by detailed fetal echocardiography when observing an abnormal four-chamber view with crossing of inflow streams into both ventricles and a lack of parallel orientation of the atrioventricular valve axis due to a clockwise or counterclockwise rotation of the ventricular mass along its axis. With the help of prenatal ultrasound, parental guidance and counselling as well as postnatal pediatric cardiac management can be warranted.
The Role of Lung Ultrasound as an Early Diagnostic Tool for Need of Surfactant Therapy in Preterm Infants with Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Authors: Vardar Gonca , Karadag Nilgun , Karatekin Guner 
Published: July 2020

Objective This study aimed to determine the accuracy of neonatal lung ultrasound (LUS) in predicting the need for surfactant therapy compared with chest X-ray (CXR) in preterm infants.
Study Design A prospective double-blind study was conducted in infants with a gestational age <34 weeks with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) by evaluation with LUS and CXR on admission.
Results Among 45 preterm infants, the median (interquartile range [IQR]) LUS score was 4 (2–8) in the mild RDS group, whereas it was 10 (IQR: 9–12) in the severe RDS group (p < 0.01). The LUS score showed a significant correlation with the need for total surfactant doses (ρ = 0.855; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.801–0.902; p < 0.001). A cut-off LUS score of four predicted the need for surfactant with 96% sensitivity and 100% specificity (area under the curve [AUC]: 1.00; 95% CI: 0.97–1.00; p < 0.01). LUS scores predicted continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) failure accurately (AUC: 0.804; 95% CI: 0.673–0.935; p = 0.001). A significant correlation was observed between LUS scores and positive end-expiratory pressure levels (ρ = 0.782; p < 0.001). During the study period, the CXR number per infant with RDS decreased significantly when compared with preceding months (p < 0.001). The LUS score in the first day of life did not predict the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (AUC: 0.274; 95% CI: 0.053–0.495; p = 0.065).
Conclusion The LUS score in preterm infants accurately predicts the severity of RDS, the need for surfactant and CPAP failure. The routine use of LUS can decrease the frequency of CXRs in the neonatal intensive care units.
Key Points
Risk Factors for Brain Injury in Newborns Treated with Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
Authors: Melbourne Launice , Wien Michael A. , Whitehead Matthew T. , Ridore Michelande , Wang Yunfei , Short Billie L. , Bulas Dorothy , Massaro An N. 
Published: July 2020

Objective This study aimed to assess the association of clinical risk factors with severity of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain injury in neonatal extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) patients.Study Design This is a single-center retrospective study conducted at an outborn level IV neonatal intensive care unit in a free-standing academic children's hospital. Clinical and MRI data from neonates treated with ECMO between 2005 and 2015 were reviewed. MRI injury was graded by two radiologists according to a modified scoring system that assesses parenchymal injury, extra-axial hemorrhage, and cerebrospinal fluid spaces. MRI severity was classified as none (score = 0), mild/moderate (score = 1–13.5), and severe (score ≥ 14). The relationship between selected risk factors and MRI severity was assessed by Chi-square, analysis of variance, and Kruskal–Wallis tests where appropriate. Combinative predictive ability of significant risk factors was assessed by logistic regression analyses.Results MRI data were assessed in 81 neonates treated with ECMO. Veno-arterial (VA) patients had more severe injury compared with veno-venous patients. There was a trend toward less severe injury over time. After controlling for covariates, duration of ECMO remained significantly associated with brain injury, and the risk for severe injury was significantly increased in patients on ECMO beyond 210 hours.Conclusion Risk for brain injury is increased with VA ECMO and with longer duration of ECMO. Improvements in care may be leading to decreasing incidence of brain injury in neonatal ECMO patients.Key Points
i-SATA: A MATLAB based toolbox to estimate current density generated by transcranial direct current stimulation in an individual brain
Authors: Kashyap Rajan , Bhattacharjee Sagarika , Arumugam Ramaswamy , Oishi Kenichi , Desmond John E , Chen SH Annabel 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Objective. Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) is a technique where a weak current is passed through the electrodes placed on the scalp. The distribution of the electric current induced in the brain due to tDCS is provided by simulation toolbox like Realistic volumetric Approach based Simulator for Transcranial electric stimulation (ROAST). However, the procedure to estimate the total current density induced at the target and the intermediary region of the cortex is complex. The Systematic-Approach-for-tDCS-Analysis (SATA) was developed to overcome this problem. However, SATA is limited to standardized (MNI152) headspace only. Here we develop individual-SATA (i-SATA) to extend it to individual head. Approach. T1-weighted images of 15 subjects were taken from two Magnetic Resonance Imaging scanners of different strengths. Across the subjects, the montages were simulated in ROAST. i-SATA converts the ROAST output to Talairach space. The x, y and z coordinates of the anterior commissure (AC), posterior commissure (PC), and Mid-Sagittal (MS) points are necessary for the conversion. AC and PC are detected using the acpcdetect toolbox. We developed a method to determine the MS in the image and cross-verified its location manually using BrainSight®. Main results. Determination of points with i-SATA is fast and accurate. The i-SATA provided estimates of the current-density induced across an individual’s cortical lobes and gyri as tested on images from two different scanners. Significance. Researchers can use i-SATA for customizing tDCS-montages. With i-SATA it is also easier to compute the inter-individual variation in current-density across the target and intermediary regions of the brain. The software is publicly available.
Residual composite materials with applications in the industry of the construction
Authors: Yenny Ávila-Torres , Brandon Suarez , Carolina Caicedo 
Published: July 2020

AbstractEcological awareness as an ethical obligation is conceived. A product, a prototype or a process must culminate efficiently when incorporated into a production chain; its life cycle will depend, therefore; of its use, reuse and recycling. This project presents an industrial vision in conjunction with agriculture. For this, a general problem of interaction between products (agribusiness chain of the banana plant and reuse of conventional polymeric waste) that work within the same context has been addressed. Colombia has climatic conditions that weigh this country as one of the major producers in the banana zone. Today Colombia is recognized for its quality and for its exports, which reach a figure of 1,578,112 Tons of Banana as of December 31, 2017, and amount to 86.99 million boxes of approximately 18.14 Kg. Once the fruit is harvested, it is packed and exported; at the end of this process, the leaves and stems of the plant become waste. This residue called pseudostem has a mass percentage of about 51% with respect to the total plant. In economic terms, 1,667,000 metric tons per year correspond to this waste, an important economic factor in regions where bananas are high, as is the case in Risaralda. In response to this situation, we find that the banana pseudostem is a low-cost fiber, which increases its mechanical strength when mixed with medium density polymers. These characteristics allow mixing cellulosic residues with residual polymers such as polypropylene, the incorporation of load and reinforcement elements in thermoplastics has been a common practice in the plastics industry whose purpose is the reduction of production costs of molded products, and the improvement of thermo-mechanical properties of polymers. In this context, new materials are proposed based on the mixture of polypropylene and fiber with percentages of 10%, 20% and 30%. For these materials, the process variables were evaluated based on obtaining the pellets by extrusion and finally the samples to which the mechanical properties were estimated. On the other hand, the 3D design of the potential application in roof tiles for construction is reported and it is concluded that at 20 % fiber the degradation. There is a good consistency of pellets, but there is a drastic detriment of traction.
Pressure-Induced Layered Structure in BaWO4
Authors: Mesa Luis , Paez Carlos J. , Garcia-Castro A. C. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe have theoretically investigated the structural stability of the predicted polar phase on the layered Tungsten-based oxide BaWO4at high pressure. Although the energy vs. volume curves report a non-centrosymetric Cmc21phase in BaWO4oxide under pressure, we found that such a phase is dynamically unstable when the phonon-dispersions are considered. Additionally, we have observed that the polar eigendisplacements, related to WO6octahedral rotations, are destroyed once the internal coordinates are allowed to fully relax. Thus, the symmetry of the crystalline material is transformed into a Cmcm phase, where we found a dynamically stable layered structure.
The Medical Facilities Selection Based on Location-Based Services Application Using SAW and TOPSIS Algorithm
Authors: Rohman M Z , Irwansyah  , Sari W E 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Emergencies are occurring in any situation. The best decision is needed in an emergency situation, such as accidents, heart attacks, and parturition. Google Maps only presents information about the closest distance and time based on Google’s algorithm, without considering the best option of medical facilities based on condition in real situation. Furthermore, in this study, the decision support systems, Simple Additive Weighting (SAW), was built then combined with Google Maps API. The Haversine formula was used to get the value of radius, travel distance, and time. The system was compared to other decision support system algorithm, TOPSIS, to understand the suitable method of this system. The scopes of Medical services in this study are hospital, clinic, and PUSKESMAS. Based on experiment that is conducted on 30 data, SAW yields an accuracy of 80, while TOPSIS is 90%. While working on 10 experiments from different user coordinate points, SAW produced 70% accuracy and TOPSIS 80% compared to human experience.