bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Activin A Modulates Inflammation in Acute Pancreatitis and Strongly Predicts Severe Disease Independent of Body Mass Index
Authors: Thomas Alexandra L. , Castellanos Karla , Mancinelli Georgina , Xia Yinglin , Bauer Jessica , Yazici Cemal , Fantuzzi Giamila , Hwang Rosa F. , Krett Nancy L. , Papachristou Georgios I. , Whitcomb David C. , Jung Barbara 
Published: May 2020

INTRODUCTION:
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a healthcare challenge with considerable mortality. Treatment is limited to supportive care, highlighting the need to investigate disease drivers and prognostic markers. Activin A is an established mediator of inflammatory responses, and its serum levels correlate with AP severity. We hypothesized that activin A is independent of body mass index (BMI) and is a targetable promoter of the AP inflammatory response.

METHODS:
We assessed whether BMI and serum activin A levels are independent markers to determine disease severity in a cohort of patients with AP. To evaluate activin A inhibition as a therapeutic, we used a cerulein-induced murine model of AP and treated mice with activin A-specific neutralizing antibody or immunoglobulin G control, both before and during the development of AP. We measured the production and release of activin A by pancreas and macrophage cell lines and observed the activation of macrophages after activin A treatment.

RESULTS:
BMI and activin A independently predicted severe AP in patients. Inhibiting activin A in AP mice reduced disease severity and local immune cell infiltration. Inflammatory stimulation led to activin A production and release by pancreas cells but not by macrophages. Macrophages were activated by activin A, suggesting activin A might promote inflammation in the pancreas in response to injury.

DISCUSSION:
Activin A provides a promising therapeutic target to interrupt the cycle of inflammation and tissue damage in AP progression. Moreover, assessing activin A and BMI in patients on hospital admission could provide important predictive measures for screening patients likely to develop severe disease.
A Light-Inducible Strain for Genome-Wide Histone Turnover Profiling in Neurospora crassa
Authors: Storck William K , Abdulla Sabrina Z , Rountree Michael R , Bicocca Vincent T , Selker Eric U 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
In chromatin, nucleosomes are composed of ∼146 bp of DNA wrapped around a histone octamer, and are highly dynamic structures subject to remodeling and exchange. Histone turnover has previously been implicated in various processes including the regulation of chromatin accessibility, segregation of chromatin domains, and dilution of histone marks. Histones in different chromatin environments may turnover at different rates, possibly with functional consequences. Neurospora crassa sports a chromatin environment that is more similar to that of higher eukaryotes than yeasts, which have been utilized in the past to explore histone exchange. We constructed a simple light-inducible system to profile histone exchange in N. crassa on a 3xFLAG-tagged histone H3 under the control of the rapidly inducible vvd promoter. After induction with blue light, incorporation of tagged H3 into chromatin occurred within 20 min. Previous studies of histone turnover involved considerably longer incubation periods and relied on a potentially disruptive change of medium for induction. We used this reporter to explore replication-independent histone turnover at genes and examine changes in histone turnover at heterochromatin domains in different heterochromatin mutant strains. In euchromatin, H3-3xFLAG patterns were almost indistinguishable from that observed in wild-type in all mutant backgrounds tested, suggesting that loss of heterochromatin machinery has little effect on histone turnover in euchromatin. However, turnover at heterochromatin domains increased with loss of trimethylation of lysine 9 of histone H3 or HP1, but did not depend on DNA methylation. Our reporter strain provides a simple yet powerful tool to assess histone exchange across multiple chromatin contexts.
Effect of whole grain flours on the overall quality characteristics of mulberry pestil
Authors: Murat Karaoğlu M. , Bedir Y. , Boz H. 
Published: May 2020

This research aimed to determine the effects of the structural ingredients (starch, wheat flour, wheat bran and whole grain flours from oat, barley, rye and wheat) on the physical, chemical and sensorial properties of the mulberry pestil. Effects of structural ingredients and their levels were statistically significant on colour values, total dry matter, ash, pH and titratable acidity, total soluble solids, total phenolic content and sensorial evaluation results (P < 0.01) of pestil samples. The characteristics of mulberry pestils ranged from 7.26 to 8.53 brix for total soluble solids, 90.23–92.67% total dry matter, 2.09–3.23% ash (in dry weight), 5.67–5.81 pH, 0.40–0.73% titratable acidity. The highest total phenolic contents were determined in samples containing whole oat flour and whole barley flour, while the lowest values were determined in samples containing starch. The L* values of the pestil samples increased with increasing barley flour and starch content whereas L* values decreased in the pestil samples containing wheat flour, whole rye flour, whole wheat flour, whole oat flour and wheat bran. The highest a* and b* values were measured in samples containing 9% level of starch, and the lowest a* and b* colour values were determined in samples containing 9% level of wheat bran. According to the sensorial evaluation results, the pestil samples produced with oat flour were generally more appreciated by panelists.
An Upcoming Approach to Alzheimer's Disease: Ethnopharmacological Potential of Plant Bioactive Molecules
Authors: Martins Natália , Heleno Sandrina A. , Ferreira Isabel C.F.R. 
Published: May 2020

Background::
Neurodegenerative disorders have achieved epidemic levels in the
last decades; not only the elderly but also adult individuals have been increasingly affected.
Among them, Alzheimer’s disease is one of the most prevalent and crippling diseases, associated
with high rates of multi-morbidities and dependency. Despite the existence of a wide variety
of drugs used as the symptomatic treatment, they have some side effects and toxicity,
apart from their limited effectiveness. Botanical preparations have a secular use, being widely
recommended for a multitude of purposes, such as for the improvement of brain health.

Objective:
The aim of the present report is to systematize the knowledge on plant-food derived
bioactive molecules with promising in vitro enzymatic inhibitory activities.

Results:
Alkaloids, phenolic compounds and terpenes are the most studied phytochemicals,
both derived from natural and commercial sources. In spite of their efficient activity as enzymatic
inhibitors, the number of in vivo studies and even clinical trials have confirmed that
their real bioactive potential remains scarce.

Conclusions:
Thus, it is of the utmost importance to deepen knowledge in this area, once those
relevant and informative tools can significantly contribute to the promising advances in the
field of Alzheimer’s disease treatment.
Computational Approaches for the Design of (Mutant-)Selective Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors: State-of-the-Art and Future Prospects
Authors: Kharkar Prashant S. 
Published: May 2020

:Kinases remain one of the major attractive therapeutic targets for a large number of indications such as cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, cardiac failure and many others. Design and development of kinase inhibitors (ATP-competitive, allosteric or covalent) is a clinically validated and successful strategy in the pharmaceutical industry. The perks come with limitations, particularly the development of resistance to highly potent and selective inhibitors. When this happens, the cycle needs to be repeated, i.e., the design and development of kinase inhibitors active against the mutated forms. The complexity of tumor milieu makes it awfully difficult for these molecularly-targeted therapies to work. Every year newer and better versions of these agents are introduced in the clinic. Several computational approaches such as structure-, ligand-based or hybrid ones continue to live up to their potential in discovering novel kinase inhibitors. New schools of thought in this area continue to emerge, e.g., development of dual-target kinase inhibitors. But there are fundamental issues with this approach. It is indeed difficult to selectively optimize binding at two entirely different or related kinases. In addition to the conventional strategies, modern technologies (machine learning, deep learning, artificial intelligence, etc.) started yielding the results and building success stories. Computational tools invariably played a critical role in catalysing the phenomenal progress in kinase drug discovery field. The present review summarized the progress in utilizing computational methods and tools for discovering (mutant-)selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor drugs in the last three years (2017-2019). Representative investigations have been discussed, while others are merely listed. The author believes that the enthusiastic reader will be inspired to dig out the cited literature extensively to appreciate the progress made so far and the future prospects of the field.
Synthesis of Some Benzimidazole-derived Molecules and their Effects on PARP-1 Activity and MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-436, MDA-MB-468 Breast Cancer Cell Viability
Authors: Gurkan-Alp A. Selen , Alp Mehmet , Karabay Arzu Z. , Koc Asli , Buyukbingol Erdem 
Published: May 2020

Background:Poly (ADP-ribosyl) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) inhibitors are compounds that are used to treat cancers, which are defective in DNA-repair and DNA Damage-Response (DDR) pathways.Objective:In this study, a series of potential PARP-1 inhibitor substituted (piperazine-1-carbonyl)phenyl)-1Hbenzo[ d]imidazole-4-carboxamide compounds were synthesised and tested for their PARP-1 inhibitory and anticancer activities.Methods:Compounds were tested by cell-free colorimetric PARP-1 activity and MTT assay in MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-436, MDA-MB-468 breast cancer, and L929 fibroblast cell lines.Results:Our results showed that compound 6a inhibited viability in MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 cells whereas 8a inhibited viability in MDA-MB-468 cells. Compound 6b significantly inhibited cell viability in tested cancer cells. However, 6b exhibited toxicity in L929 cells, whereas 6a and 8a were found to be non-toxic for L929 cells. Compounds 6a, 6b and 8a exhibited significant inhibition of PARP-1 activity.Conclusion:These three compounds exhibited PARP-1 inhibitory activities and anticancer effects on breast cancer cells, and further research will enlighten the underlying mechanisms of their effects.
Treatment of Left Ventricular Circulation Disorder: Application of Echocardiography Information Data Monitoring
Authors: Chen Yulong , Du Jianxia , Sun Xiao , Li Qiancheng , Qin Ming , Xiao Qian , Bryan Mark 
Published: May 2020

Background
Cardiac hypertrophy induced by pressure overload is one of the important causes of heart failure and sudden cardiac death. At present, there are few studies on the outcome of left ventricular hypertrophy and left ventricular function after complete pressure load removal.

Objective
This study aims to better simulate the changes of left ventricular structure and function during the process of left ventricular pressure overload and deloading, and to explore the application of echocardiography in it.

Methods
In this study, healthy male (BALB/C) mice were used as research objects to establish an ascending aorta constriction model, to carry out echocardiographic and hemodynamic examinations, to establish an ascending aorta deconstriction model in mice, and to carry out echocardiographic and hemodynamic examinations.

Results
Compared with the sham operation group, the left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVESD), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), interventricular septal (IVS), and left ventricular posterior wall (LVPW) in the constriction operation group were significantly increased (P=.02, P=.02, P=.02, and P=.02, respectively). LVESD, LVEDD, IVS, and LVPW in the early and late constriction groups were significantly decreased, and the degree of decrease in the early group was greater than that in the late group; compared with the sham operation group, left ventricular diastolic pressure in the constriction operation group increased significantly at 9 and 15 weeks after operation (P=.03). Left ventricular systolic pressure at 15 weeks after operation decreased to a certain extent but was higher than that of the sham operation group (P=.02). The maximal rate of the increase of left ventricular pressure at 3 weeks, 9 weeks, and 15 weeks after operation decreased significantly (P=.03, P=.02, and P=.02, respectively).

Conclusions
In this study, the ascending aorta coarctation model and descending aorta coarctation model were successfully established, which verifies the value of echocardiography information data monitoring in the treatment of left ventricular circulation disorders and the evaluation of surgical treatment.
Изменения вариабельности сердечного ритма под влиянием сахароснижающей терапии у больных сахарным диабетом 2-го типа
Authors: Pertseva N.O. , Moshenets K.I. 
Published: May 2020

Актуальность. Сахарный диабет (СД) признан Всемирной организацией здравоохранения неинфекционной эпидемией XXI века. Сердечно-сосудистая патология является основной причиной смерти этих пациентов. Цель исследования: изучить показатели вариабельности сердечного ритма (ВСР) у больных СД 2-го типа в зависимости от степени компенсации, а также их динамику после коррекции сахароснижающей терапии. Материалы и методы. Обследовано 53 пациента с СД 2-го типа и 10 практически здоровых людей контрольной группы. Лабораторное исследование включало определение С-пептида, гликированного гемоглобина (HbA1c), креатинина крови и микроальбумина в утренней порции мочи. Всем обследуемым проводилось длительное мониторирование гликемии параллельно с электрокардио­графией по Холтеру в течение 24 часов. Пациенты были разделены на две группы по уровню НbА1с: группа 1 (n = 23) с НbА1с ≤ 7 % и группа 2 (n = 30) с НbА1с > 7 %. Группы были разделены на подгруппы по отсутствию (а) или наличию (б) гипогликемии. Через 6 месяцев после модификации сахароснижающей терапии проводилось повторное обследование пациентов в том же объеме. Результаты. Группы и подгруппы больных СД 2-го типа существенно не отличались между собой по показателям ВСР (p > 0,05) и имели достоверное снижение показателей SDNN сутки, pNN50% сутки, VLF сутки, высокочастотный спектр (HF) ВРС сутки в сравнении с контрольной группой (р < 0,05). Суточные показатели общей мощности спектра (TP) существенно не отличались от контроля только в 1а подгруппе (р > 0,05). Значения низкочастотного спектра (LF) ВРС сутки были достоверно ниже по сравнению с контролем только при анализе всей основной группы больных СД 2-го типа. Показатель LF/HF сутки был достоверно выше контроля во всех подгруппах обеих групп (р < 0,05). Выводы. Пациенты с СД 2-го типа имели достоверно более низкие показатели ВСР, которые преимущественно касались SDNN, TP и VLF, HF и LF/HF. Через 6 месяцев после модификации сахароснижающей терапии получено достоверное увеличение практически всех показателей ВСР, кроме LF. Наибольшая динамика касалась повышения показателей pNN50% сутки (+50 %), pNN50% день (+50 %), RMSSD день (+43,5 %), RMSSD сутки (+28,6 %), HF (+133,1 % — сутки, +172,2 % — день, +57,5 % — ночь) и снижение отношения LF/HF (–42,9 % — сутки, –46,2 % — день, –32,7 % — ночь) (p < 0,05). Полученные результаты наглядно демонстрируют восстановление вагосимпатического баланса сердечно-сосудистой системы под влиянием компенсации углеводного обмена.
The Inhibitory Effect of some Plant Extracts on some Pathogenic Bacteria
Authors: I. Al-Hadidy Yasmeen , Yaseen Sabraa S. , M. Saleh Ghazwan 
Published: May 2020

The purpose of the present study is to assay the inhibitory effect of five concentrations 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 % of the aqueous and alcoholic extracts for leaves of the Sidr (Zizyphusspin-csit) and Eucalyptus leaves (Eucalyptus camaldulensis) in vitro, against the three types of the experimental bacteria, which Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhimurium for their clinical importance as common, pathogenic in urinary tract infection by using the well diffusion assay method .The results showed that antimicrobial activity depends on kind of extract and tested microorganism. and the most bioactivity was done by methanol extract than the aqueous extract, the methanolic extract of Sidr leaves presented the inhibitory effectiveness of all the species used in this study ,the highest inhibition was 36 mm at 50%concentration against E. coli and methanolic extract of eucalyptus leaves showed an inhibitory effect on the growth of all bacteria except E. coli, showed resistance to the extract, As for the aquatic extracts, all the bacteria species illustrated resistance to the aquatic extracts of the leaves of the Sidr except Staph .aureus Inhibition rates were recorded at 17 and 15 mm at the concentration (30 and 20%), respectively, and the aquatic extracts of Eucalyptus leaves had no inhibitory effect on the growth of all the species used in this study, except S. typhimurium bacteria and all concentrations used. The result of the qualitative chemical detection of the active compounds found in the extract indicated that it s contains, mainly like flavonids, alkaloids, Tannins and phenols, Saponins, Glycosides. in aquatic and alcoholic extraction.

http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.010
Chaotic diffeomorphism on manifold (smooth manifold)
Authors: Shihab1 Ali A. , H. Al-Obaidi2 Mizal , Hazaa2 Jehan Hamad 
Published: May 2020

In this paper we concern in studying chaotic homeomorphisms deals with study and investigate of chaotic homeomorphisms on smooth manifolds. For connections more precisely to chaotic diffeomorphisms maps on smooth manifolds.
New relation between diffeomorphism an chaotic, transitive, dense and nowhere dense in smooth manifolds have been found. Product of two diffeomorphisms dense maps on smooth manifold is dense. Product of two chaotic maps on smooth manifold is chaotic.

http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.017
The Influence Of Parathyroid Gland On Beta-Thalassaemia Patients in Kirkuk City
Authors: F. Saber Demet , M. Marbut Mossa , A. Zbaar Sami 
Published: May 2020

Thalassaemia is an inherited blood disorder in which the body makes an abnormal form of hemoglobin. The symptoms of thalassemia appear in the first two years of life and include paleness of the skin, anemia, bone abnormalities, weakness and growth retardations. (70) male thalassaemic patients are diagnosed in thalassaemia center at Azadi Teaching Hospital in Kirkuk city and( 30) normal male healthy Controls were included in this study Anthropometric measures include, Age, BMI, were done for all participants. there is significant elevation, (P> 0.01) in PTH in P2 age group (9-13) years as compare with control healthy subjectsand as compare with P1(4-8) and P3(14-18) age group.
http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.023
Determiation the antibacterial activity of Punicagranatum Extract towards Streptococcus Pneumonia and Klebsella Pneumonia
Authors: Hassan  Lateef Ruaa 
Published: May 2020

This study was carried out to determine the inhibitory effect of the alcoholic and aquatic extracts of Punicagranatum (pomegranate peel) agaiestmultiresistantto antibiotic bacteria Streptococcus pneumonia and Klebsella pneumonia bacteria with some antibiotics. These isolated from the sputum and urine samples from patients whom lies in Tikrit Teaching Hospital in Tikrit city. The results showed various effects of the water and alcoholic extracts used in the study. The results showed that the highest inhibitory effect of the alcoholic extract against the bacteria Streptococcus Pneumonia at concentration (150)Inhibition zone was (24) mm and this is higher than the water extract at concentration (150) which was (16) mm. The results indicated that the highest Inhibitory effect of the alcoholic extract against the Klebsella Pneumonia at concentration (150) was (23) mm whereas the results of the inhibitory effect of the water extract against Klebsella Pneumonia are similar with the inhibitory effect of the extract of Streptococcus Pneumonia at (150) which was(16) mm.
The results showed that the highest inhibitory diameter zone of Imipenem antibiotic on Streptococcus pneumonia bacteria is (38) m and is higher than the inhibitory effect of Imipenem antibiotic on Klebsellapneumonia bacteria which is (37) m in diameter.

http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.024
Biochemical and Histopathological study Of The Proteinaceous Compounds Separated From Aqueous Extract Of Marus Albul L. Fruit in alloxan diabetic mice
Authors: Al-Bajari Shihab A. 
Published: May 2020

This work was concerned with isolating and molecular weight determination of the proteinous compounds isolated from the cold and boiled aqueous extract of Marus Albal L. using different biochemical techniques . Also this study indicated the effect of the proteinaceous compounds Ac, Bc and Ab, Bb on some biochemical parameters including glucose, cholesterol and total lipids levels in blood serum and glycogen content in liver tissues in normal and diabetic mice . A single intraperitoneal injection of these isolated compounds with a dose of 75 mg / kg body weight was used .As well as pancreas were removed and stained with H and E of pancreatic sections. Results indicated that intraperitoneal injection of insulin and all the proteinaceous compounds Ac , Bc and Ab, Bb obtained by gel filtration chromatography from the plant used had hypoglycemic effect on serum glucose level in normal and diabetic mice. The rate of decrease was from (18.2) to (43.7) % in the normal and form (29.57) to (50.20) % in the diabetic mice respectively. While compounds (Bb) showed a negligible to an increasing effect (3.91) % in the normal and (7.99)% in the diabetic mice. Also the highest decrease was obtained for compound (Ac), this decrease were (16.8 )% and (15.73) % for serum cholesterol levels in the normal and the diabetic mice respectively .As well as the highest decrease was obtained for compound (Ac) , this decrease were(23.62) % and (28.88) % for serum total lipids levels in the normal and the diabetic mice respectively. Also a decrease between (5.8 , 14.1) % and (6.4 , 12.9) % glycogen content in liver tissues was obtained when the normal and in the diabetic mice respectively were injected intraperitoneally by the proteinaceous compounds Ac, Bc and Ab , Bb from plants used. Finally alloxan induced diabetic mice group, the endocrine pancreas histologically showed decreased in the size and number of Langerhans islets with vacuolar degeneration and necrosis of almost all cell in the atrophied islets as compared with control group. The histomorphometic study of the pancreas of the treated group didn't show a significant change of the pancreatic tissue.

http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.046
Study effect of window and BSF layers on the properties of the CZTS / CZTSe solar cell by SCAPS–1D
Authors: H. Najim Alaa , N. Saleh Ayed 
Published: May 2020

The solar cell CZTS / CZTSe was studied using SCAPS- computer simulator. It was noted that increasing the thickness of the absorber layer p-CZTSe from 250nm to 5μm leads to increase the IV curve. thus increasing the values ​​of Voc, Jsc, FF,