bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficient Assimilation of Crosswell Electromagnetic Data Using an Ensemble-Based History-Matching Framework
Authors: Zhang Yanhui , Vossepoel Femke C. , Hoteit Ibrahim 
Published: November 2019

SummaryAn ensemble-based history-matching framework is proposed to enhance the characterization of petroleum reservoirs through the assimilation of crosswell electromagnetic (EM) data. As an advanced technology in reservoir surveillance, crosswell EM tomography can be used to estimate a cross-sectional conductivity map and associated saturation profile at an interwell scale by exploiting the sharp contrast in conductivity between hydrocarbons and saline water. Incorporating this information into reservoir simulation in combination with other available observations is expected to enhance the forecasting capability of reservoir models and to lead to better quantification of uncertainty.The proposed approach applies ensemble-based data-assimilation methods to build a robust and flexible framework in which various sources of available measurements can be integrated. A comparative study evaluates two different implementations of the assimilation of crosswell EM data. The first approach integrates the crosswell EM field components in their original form, which entails forward simulation of the observed EM responses from the simulated reservoir state. In the second approach, formation conductivity is derived from the EM data through inversion and is subsequently assimilated into the reservoir model. An image-oriented distance parameterization of the fluid front assimilates the conductivity field in an efficient and robust manner and overcomes issues with data size, errors, and their correlation. Numerical experiments for different test cases with increasing complexity provide insight into the performance of the two proposed integration schemes. The results demonstrate the efficiency of the developed history-matching workflow and the added value of crosswell EM data in enhancing the reservoir characterization and reliability of dynamic reservoir forecasts.
Evaluation and assessment of the knowledge, attitude and practice of pharmacy students with respect to pharmacovigilance in a Saudi pharmacy school: a cross-sectional study.
Authors: Siddiqua Ayesha , Alshahrani Nada , Iqbal Javid Mir , Ali Afnan Mohammad , Abdulrahman Raghad , alqarni Salha ahmad , almanaa Amjad , asiri Waad ahmad , Essa Mohammed A Al , Gramish Jawaher Abdullah , Khobrani Moteb A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Pharmacovigilance is an important part of the health care system as it helps in the detection, assessment, reporting and prevention of Adverse Drug Reactions. Spontaneous reporting of adverse drug reaction plays a vital role in the success of Pharmacovigilance programs and pharmacy students are supposed to acquire sufficient knowledge and necessary skills required for practicing pharmacovigilance under different clinical settings. Hence, this study was carried out in the students of College of Pharmacy of a University in the Southern Province of Saudi Arabia to assess the Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) of undergraduate Pharmacy students towards Pharmacovigilance. METHODS: A quantitative, prospective, cross-sectional online survey was carried out using a validated, self-administered questionnaire constituting 4 domains i.e. Demographics, Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Pharmacovigilance among the pharmacy students of King Khalid University. RESULTS: The questionnaire was administered to 360 students out of which 329 responded (response rate of 91.3 %). The mean score of Level 7,8,9,10 and intern students for Knowledge was (3.03,5.37, 6.38, 6.19,6.42), Attitude (5.28,4.16, 5.62, 5.01, 5.29), and Practice (2.99, 3.25, 3.04, 3.43, 3.13) respectively. In addition, the findings indicated a significant difference in the mean score among different level of students for knowledge and attitude with a p-value of <0.0001, and 0.0002 respectively. The practice mean score showed there was no much significance among different level of students (p-value = 0.4108) CONCLUSION: Our research findings revealed that the pharmacy students of the focused university have adequate knowledge and positive attitude towards adverse drug reaction. However, there is a dire need to understand and address concerns regarding real time practice patterns prevalent among Health Care Providers about pharmacovigilance under different clinical settings. Keywords: Pharmacovigilance, Knowledge, Attitude, Practice, Pharmacy students
Prevalence and factors associated with double and triple burden of malnutrition among mothers and children in Nepal: evidence from 2016 Nepal Demographic and Health Survey
Authors: Sunuwar Dev Ram , Singh Devendra Raj , Pradhan Pranil Man Singh 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: Malnutrition among mothers and children is a major public health challenge in developing countries like Nepal. Although undernutrition among children has been gradually decreasing, the coexistence of different forms of malnutrition among mothers and children has continued to rise globally. There is a gap in knowledge of the coexistence of such multiple burdens of malnutrition in the Nepalese context. The aims of this study were to explore the coexistence of different forms malnutrition among children and associated factors among the mother-child pairs in the same household. Methods: A total sample of 2,261 mother-child pairs from the Nepal Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) 2016 was included in the study. Anthropometric measurements and hemoglobin levels of the children and anthropometric measurements of their mothers were taken. The bivariate and multivariable logistic regression were performed to assess the factors associated with the double burden of malnutrition (DBM) and the triple burden of malnutrition (TBM). Results: Prevalence of DBM and TBM was 6.60(5.13-8.84) % and 7(5.42-8.99) % respectively in the same household. In the adjusted multivariable logistic regression, mothers with short stature compared to normal height (AOR=4.18, 95% CI: 2.04-8.52), from the richest wealth status compared to poor wealth status (AOR=2.46, 95% CI= 1.17-5.15), from age group of above 35 years compared to 15-24 years (AOR=3.08, 95% CI:1.20-7.86), and those who had attended at least a secondary level of education compared to no education (AOR=2.05, 95% CI: 1.03-4.07) were more likely to suffer from the DBM. Similarly, mothers with short stature compared to normal height (AOR=5.01, 95% CI:2.45-10.24), from the richest wealth status compared to poor wealth status (AOR=2.66, 95% CI=1.28-5.54), age groups of above 35 years compared to 15-24 years (AOR=3.41, 95% CI:1.26-9.17), and those who had attended at least a secondary level of education compared to no education (AOR=2.05, 95% CI: 1.00-4.18) were more likely to suffer from the TBM. Conclusions: There is a low prevalence of double and triple burden of malnutrition among mother-child pairs in Nepal. Mothers with short stature, belonging to the richest family and in older age were more prone to double and triple burden of malnutrition
Annual and seasonal patterns in etiologies of pediatric community-acquired pneumonia due to respiratory viruses and Mycoplasma pneumoniae requiring hospitalization in Korea
Authors: LEE EUN , Kim Chul-Hong , Lee Yong Ju , Kim Hyo-Bin , Kim Bong-Seong , Kim Hyung Young , Kim Yunsun , Kim Sangyoung , Park Chorong , Seo Ju-Hee , Sol In Suk , Sung Myongsoon , Song Min Seob , Song Dae Jin , Ahn Young Min Ahn , Oh Hea Lin , Yu Jinho , Jung Sungsu , Lee Kyung Suk , Lee Ju Suk , Jang Gwang Cheon , Jang Yoon Young , Chung Eun Hee , Chung Hai Lee , Choi Sung-Min , Choi Yun Jung , Han Man Yong , Shim Jung Yeon , Kim Jin-Tack , Kim Chang-Keun , Yang Hyeon-Jong 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: Community–acquired pneumonia (CAP) is one of the leading worldwide causes of childhood morbidity and mortality and its disease burden is affected by age and etiologies with time-dependent changes. We aimed to investigate the annual and seasonal patterns in etiologies of pediatric CAP requiring hospitalization. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study in 30,994 children (0-18 years old) with CAP between 2010 and 2015 at 23 nationwide hospitals in Korea. Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) pneumonia was clinically classified into macrolide-sensitive MP, macrolide-less effective MP (MLEP) and macrolide-refractory MP (MRMP) based on fever duration after initiation of macrolide treatment, regardless of the results of in vitro macrolide sensitivity tests. Results: MP and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) were the two most commonly identified pathogens of CAP. With the two epidemics of MP pneumonia (2011 and 2015), the rates of clinical MLEP and MRMP pneumonia showed increasing trends of 36.36% of the total MP pneumonia. In children less than 2 years of age, RSV (34.01%) was the most common cause of CAP, followed by MP (9.44%), whereas MP was the most common cause of CAP in children 2-18 years of age. Systemic corticosteroid was most commonly administered in MP pneumonia. The rate of hospitalization in intensive care unit was highest for RSV pneumonia, and ventilator care was most commonly needed in cases of adenovirus pneumonia. Conclusions: The present study provides fundamental data for establishment of public health policies to decrease disease burden due to CAP as well as for improvement of pediatric health.
Holmium laser enucleation of prostate for patients with acute urinary retention due to benign prostate hyperplasia: Efficacy and safety
Authors: Author) Pu Li(Former Corresponding , Tao Jun , Wang Chengming , Tang Min , Author) Xiaoxin Meng(New Corresponding 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background Benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) is a common disease in older men, and part of patients develop acute urinary retention (AUR) at the time of initial treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of holmium laser enucleation of prostate (HoLEP) for patients with BPH in setting of AUR. Methods The clinical data of 88 patients with BPH who underwent HoLEP surgery in our center were retrospectively analyzed. AUR existed in 34 patients and the other 54 patients had no AUR. The general information, prostate volume, urodynamic parameters and intraoperative parameters were recoeded and compared. The outcome were recorded and analysed including the international prostate symptom score (IPSS), quality of life score (QoL), maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax), and post-voiding residual (PVR). Results In both groups, the preoperative parameters were equivalent except for the white blood cell in urinalysis. All the HoLEP procedures were smoothly carried out. The intr- and post-operative complications were low in both groups and no difference were detected. All the patients were followed up for at least 6 months. IPSS, QoL, Qmax and PVR were all improved in both groups. No statistical differences were obtained in these parameters between groups. Conclusion s HoLEP could be a safe and effective treatment for BPH patients either with or without AUR. The efficacy was immediate and sustained during the short-term follow-up session in both groups.
Combined direct visual and imaging guided percutaneous renal access using on shot tract dilation, a case series of novel methods of tract dilatation
Authors: Aghamir Seyed Mohammad Kazem , Khatami Fatemeh , Rahimi Mohammad , Zia Hamidreza 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy , (PCNL) is a common urological procedure for dilatation of access during one shot PNL. Methods : Our research is over twenty one cases of one shot visually guided tract dilation PCNL who referred to Sina Hospital between 2017,2018. They all underwent surgery using a specific 28 F dilatators with a customized central lumen which accepts a 4.5 F semi rigid ureteroscope to visually confirm the puncture of target calyx and passing a guide wire. This instrument complex was passed as a one shot dilator after withdrawal of the puncture needle. Results: The mean duration time form insertion of a needle into target calyx until securing a guide –wire inside the collecting system (pelvis, ureter) and the mean time form needle withdrawal to successful dilation and sheath placement were 95 and 252 seconds respectively. There were no intraoperative or postoperative complications a result of this technique. There was no false passage or failed accesses .Total fluoroscopy time for percutaneous access was reduced considerably. Conclusions: Use of modified ureteroscope kit during PNL, for visually confirmed Percutaneous nephrolithotomy , (PCNL) is feasible especially on complex calycealstones or pelvicalyceal Anatomies occasions.
Inpatient admissions and costs for adolescents and young adults with congenital heart defects in New York, 2009-2013
Authors: Hsu Wan-Hsiang , Sommerhalter Kristin M. , McGarry Claire E. , Farr Sherry L. , Downing Karrie F. , Lui George K. , Zaidi Ali N. , Hsu Daphne T. , Zutphen Alissa R. Van 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background Most individuals born with congenital heart defects (CHDs) survive to adulthood, but healthcare utilization patterns for adolescents and adults with CHDs have not been well described. We sought to characterize the healthcare utilization patterns and associated costs for adolescents and young adults with CHDs.Methods We examined 2009-2013 New York State inpatient admissions of individuals ages 11-30 years with ≥1 CHD diagnosis codes recorded during any admission. We conducted multivariate linear regression using generalized estimating equations to examine associations between inpatient costs and sociodemographic and clinical variables.Results We identified 5,100 unique individuals with 9,593 corresponding hospitalizations over the study period. Median inpatient cost and length of stay (LOS) were $10,307 and 3.0 days per admission, respectively; 55.1% were emergency admissions. Admission volume increased 48.7% from 2009 (1,538 admissions) to 2013 (2,287 admissions), while total inpatient costs increased 111.2% from 2009 ($24.7 million) to 2013 ($52.2 million). Inpatient admissions and costs rose more sharply over the study period for those with non-severe CHDs compared to severe CHDs. Characteristics associated with higher costs were longer LOS, severe CHD, cardiac/vascular hospitalization classification, surgical procedures, greater severity of illness, and admission in New York City.Conclusions This study provides an informative baseline of health care utilization patterns and associated costs among adolescents and young adults with CHDs in New York State.
Prevalence and Measurement of Anxiety and Depression in Working Nurses in Nepal: A Reflection of Professional Hazard in Low Income Nation
Authors: Karki Pramila , Katwal George W. B. J. , Chandra Ayush , Chandra Avinash 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background Anxiety, Depression is one of the under reported, underdiagnosed in Nepal though it is the leading cause of incapacitation and is the leading healthcare burden worldwide. The prevalence of anxiety, depression among health personnel is not reported. In this study we attempted to assess the incidence and impact of depression and anxiety in nurses who are working upfront in different hospitals.Method A cross-sectional study was carried out and the sample was collected from nurses working in different hospitals who had spent 6 months or more time as a working nurse in those hospitals. Prevalence of anxiety and depression was assessed using a structured validated questionnaire, The Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAM-A) with a cut-off score for various levels of anxiety. Similarly, General Anxiety Disorder Questionnaires (GAD), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) was used to assess depression and anxiety.Result The analysis of these different scales revealed that disabling anxiety prevailed at highest (43.6%) in nursing staff according to HAM-A scale. Moderate anxiety also seemed to be higher (>20%) in GAD questionnaire. The moderate to severe anxiety prevailed in majority of our study participants in all these scales (HAM-A, HAM-D, GAD). Interestingly, there seemed a strong association between HAM-A to GAD (p=0.008).Conclusions This is probably the first study of its kind that reports on the prevalence of anxiety, depression in the nurses who work in different hospitals in Nepal. We hope this study also depicts the mental health problems that the medical professionals are suffering in other nations as well.
Teaching Temporal Bone Anatomy CT Scan as a Psychomotor Skill; A Quasi-Experimental Study
Authors: Amini Mitra , Sefidbakht Sepideh , Jalli Reza , Zarei Fariba , Abbasi Hamid Reza , Iranpour Pouya , Bijan Bijan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
BACKGROUND Reviewing and interpretation of cross-sectional imaging studies has become the main part of Medical Imaging (formerly known as Radiology) practice over the past twenty years. The rapid changes in the practice of medical imaging however has not been paralleled by development of new teaching methods. In the current study, we present a teaching method for the radiology residents the cross-sectional anatomy of the temporal bone as a psychomotor skill.METHODS In this cross-sectional study, we included a total number of 21 radiology resident of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences for a 2-month period. We provided a teaching scheme based on the Gagne’s theory which consisted of 6 steps ie: 1-gaining attention, 2-informing the learner of the objective, 3-stimulating recall of prerequisite learning, 4-presenting the stimulus material, 5-providing learning guidance, and 6-eliciting the performance, 7-providing feedback, assessing the performance and 8-enhancing retention and transfer. The residents were evaluated before and after the training sessions using objective structured clinical examination (OSCE), resident satisfaction and educational goal achievement questionnaires.RESULTS We have included a total number of 21 radiology residents with mean age of 27.9 ± 8.6 (range from 26-38) years, 14 (66.6%) men and 7 (33.4%) women. We observed that the OSCE score improved significantly after the twenty-minute session (2.57 ± 1.62 vs. 8.02 ± 2.43; p<0.001 ). Mean resident satisfaction score measured by standardized questionnaires was 7.63 ± 2.86 on scale of 10. Regarding the achievement of educational goals, we observed that the score increased significantly after the mini-sessions (4.33 ± 1.22 vs. 8.27 ± 2.46; p=0.021 ).CONCLUSIONS Considering the interpretation of cross sectional images as a psychomotor skill, may be proven to be an effective teaching method. Using a standardized approach and defining predetermined transition points in moving between orthogonal planes can enhance learning radiology as it is today.
Association between interleukin 2 receptor A gene polymorphisms (rs2104286 and rs12722489) with susceptibility to Multiple sclerosis in Iranian population
Authors: Ahmadi Majid , Hosseini Mojgan , pourakbari Ramin , Aslani Saeed , Ayoubi-joshaghani Mohammad Hosein Ayoubi-joshaghani , Shirvani Bahareh 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an organ-specific autoimmune disorder with remarkable heritability. For MS disorder, interleukin 2 receptor α subunit (IL2RA) is regarded as a genetic risk factor. Results: There was a statistically significant association between alleles and genotypes of rs12722489 SNP and MS risk. The levels of mRNA expression and serum IL-2RA were higher in MS patients than in healthy controls. mRNA expression and serum concentrations of IL-2RA were higher in MS patients with CC genotype for rs12722489 compared with the rest of patients. Conclusion: Our result demonstrate that the rs12722489 SNP within IL2RA gene might be associated with MS pathogenesis through regulating the levels of IL-2RA (or CD25), which is important in the regulation of T cells.
Immunological profile of dengue markers in patients during the 2017 epidemic period in Bobo Dioulasso.
Authors: Sourabie Yacouba , Gomgnimbou Michel K , Combasséré Cherifa , Sana Zeinabou , Ouedraogo Macaire S , Fumoux Francis , Traore Yves 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Introduction: The purpose of our study is to evaluate the immunological profile of dengue markers in patients suspected during the 2017 epidemic period in Bobo-Dioulasso. Methods and patients: This is a cross-sectional retrospective study of 367 subjects over a period of 03 months. Samples and clinical information come from suspected cases in the Hauts-Bassins health area. Whole blood had been taken from two tubes. A dry tube for immunochromatographic detection of antigen NS1, Immunoglobulin M and G. Another tube with EDTA for blood count by flow cytometry. The SD BIOLINE Dengue Duo® Kit was used for the diagnosis of dengue fever. Results: In general, we obtained a seroprevalence of 35.42%. The proportion of infected males and females was 19.61% and 15.80%, respectively. The distribution of direct and indirect markers in patients was 20.43% for AgNS1; 12.53% for IgG and 1.08% for IgM. Of the subjects in the study 39.39% had thrombocytopenia and 12.12% had leukopenia. Conclusion: In view of the results obtained, dengue fever is a real health problem in Burkina Faso. It also shows that direct markers of early diagnosis of dengue fever are more common than indirect markers. Therefore, ultrasensitive direct diagnostic tests should be used more extensively in the dengue diagnostic algorithm.
Cervical Cutaneous Tuberculosis Shows the Inflammatory Infection Environment of Local Necrotic Granulation Tissue through the Expression Profile of Chemokine
Authors: Huang Zihui , Qian Jiayan , Gao Lujue , Hong Lianqing , Li Yazhou , Yu Yang , Zhu Sixun , Gao Minxing 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background Tuberculosis is an important infectious disease that jeopardizes human health. Research on extrapulmonary tuberculosis is still rare, especially cutaneous tuberculosis, a more refractory extrapulmonary tuberculosis. This study is to explore the inflammatory and immunobiomarkers of patients with cutaneous tuberculosis and to analyze the potential functions and pathways involved in the pathogenesis of M. tuberculosis (Mtb) infection, in order to support cutaneous tuberculosis diagnosis and treatment.Methods Analysis of mRNA identifies biomarkers in cutaneous tuberculosis and non-specific infectious ulcer tissue. Analyze the correlation between gene ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Gene and Genomic Encyclopedia (KEGG) biological pathways, immunity, inflammation and chemokines. Chemotaxis factors such as CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11 and CXCR3 were compared by quantitative PCR analysis.Results The mRNA expression levels of CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11 and CXCR3 in local necrotic granulation tissue of cutaneous tuberculosis were significantly increased compared with those of normal tissues. GO analysis indicated that activation of various immune responses and inflammatory responses may be associated with up-regulation of chemokine genes. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Biogenomics and Genomics Encyclopedia (KEGG) biological pathway analysis revealed the relationship between immune, inflammatory and chemokine pathways.Conclusion GO analysis and KEGG analysis of differentially expressed mRNA revealed potential functions and pathways associated with the onset of Mtb infection.