bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Amarogentin promotes osteoblast differentiation in oestrogen-deficiency-induced osteoporosis rats by modulating the Nrf-2/MAPK/ERK signalling pathway
Authors: Li Sirui , Li Xianlong , He Feng , Jiao Rui , Zhang Song , Li Zhihua 
Published: November 2019

IntroductionThe beneficial effect of amarogentin in the management of osteoporosis was determined using in vivo and in vitro methods.Material and methodsExperimental osteoporosis was induced in rats via bilateral ovariectomy. Rats were then treated for 5 weeks with amarogentin (50 and 100 mg/kg, p.o.). The levels of several biochemical markers of bone resorption and formation as well as bone mineral density (BMD) were measured in the rat serum. Isolated rat bone tissues were analysed using western blot assays. In the in vitro study, MG63 human osteoblasts were treated with amarogentin (0–100 µg/ml), after which alkaline phosphatase activity and osteoblast proliferation were evaluated. Osteoblasts treated with amarogentin and inhibitors of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) were further examined via western blotting.ResultsIn the rat model of oestrogen-deficiency-induced osteoporosis, BMD was significantly enhanced (p < 0.01) and levels of inflammatory cytokines were reduced in amarogentin-treated animals vs. the controls. Amarogentin treatment also attenuated the altered levels of osteocalcin, C-telopeptide of type 1 collagen, procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide, and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, and the altered expression of Akt, Nrf-2, ERK, and nuclear factor-B p65 in the serum of rats with osteoporosis. In the in vitro study, amarogentin treatment enhanced alkaline phosphatase activity and osteoblast proliferation compared to the non-treated control. Amarogentin treatment alone enhanced the expression of p-ERK compared to treatment with an amarogentin + ERK inhibitor.ConclusionsBoth the in vivo and the in vitro studies demonstrated the protective effect of amarogentin against oestrogen-deficiency-induced osteoporosis in rats. The mechanism seems to involve the amarogentin-mediated enhancement of osteoblast differentiation via the Nrf-2/MAPK/ERK signalling pathway.
miR-372-3p is a potential diagnostic factor for diabetic nephropathy and modulates high glucose-induced glomerular endothelial cell dysfunction via targeting fibroblast growth factor-16
Authors: Meng Zhiyun , Li Fangyuan , Wang Bin 
Published: November 2019

IntroductionPrevious studies have reported that microRNAs are implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN). In this study, the underlying molecular mechanisms and diagnostic significance of miR-372-3p were investigated in the process of DN.Material and methodsCell proliferation and apoptosis were measured using MTT and Annexin V-FITC double staining, respectively. RT-qPCR and western blotting were used to measure the expression levels of mRNA and protein. The diagnostic power of miR-372-3p in plasma for DN was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves and the area under the ROC curves (AUC).ResultsmiR microarray analysis revealed that 126 miRs were significantly differentially expressed in response to high glucose stimulation. Among these miRs, high glucose stimulated miR-372-3p expression at the highest level. In vitro experimental measurements showed that knockdown of miR-372-3p showed the ability to reverse high glucose-induced glomerular endothelial cell apoptosis and impairment of eNOS/NO bioactivity. Mechanistic analysis revealed that fibroblast growth factor-16 (FGF-16) as a direct of miR-372-3p protected against high glucose-induced glomerular endothelial cell dysfunction. ROC analysis revealed that the diagnostic value of miR-372-3p, miR-15a or miR-372-3p combined with miR-15a in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients (AUC = 0.841, p < 0.001; AUC = 0.822, p < 0.001 or AUC = 0.922, p < 0.001) with DN was better than in type 1 diabetes mellitus patients (AUC = 0.805, p < 0.001; AUC = 0.722, p < 0.001 or AUC = 0.865, p < 0.001) with DN.ConclusionsmiR-372-3p might be a valuable therapeutic target and diagnostic marker for patients with DN.
Zinc finger of the cerebellum 5 promotes colorectal cancer cell proliferation and cell cycle progression through enhanced CDK1/CDC25c signaling
Authors: Maimaiti Abuduzhayier , Aizezi Abulaiti , Anniwaer Jianati , Ayitula Ayitula , Ali Buhajar , Dilixiati Mukadas 
Published: November 2019

IntroductionColorectal cancer (CRC), mostly caused by external or environmental factors, is the third most common and lethal cancer worldwide. Although a large number of investigations have been carried out to reveal the evolution of CRC, the underlying mechanisms of CRC remain unclear.Material and methodsExpression of zinc finger of the cerebellum 5 (ZIC5) in CRC tissues and cell models was measured by qRT-PCR and IHC. Cell transfection was carried out for ZIC5 overexpression or knockdown. The MTT assay was applied to examine the capacity of glioma cell proliferation. Wound healing assay and tumor invasion assay were used to test the capacity of glioma cell migration and invasion respectively. Cell cycle analysis and western blot were used to verify the apoptosis rates of CRC cells upon ZIC5 overexpression or downregulation. A further tumor Xenograft study was used to examine the effects of ZIC5 on tumor malignancy in vivo.ResultsCell models using HCT116 and SW620 cells were established to study the ZIC5 function upon ZIC5 overexpression of knockdown. Consistently, we discovered that ZIC5 also significantly increased in Chinese CRC patients. In addition, ZIC5 promoted CRC cell proliferation through increasing the proportion of cells maintained in the S phase. ZIC5 overexpression facilitated the capacity of CRC cell migration and invasion. Inhibition of ZIC5 mitigated such malignant effects.ConclusionsCollectively, investigations of the ZIC5 in CRC provided a new insight into CRC diagnosis, treatment, prognosis and next-step translational therapeutic developments from bench to clinic.
An investigation of the relation between catalase
C262T gene polymorphism and catalase enzyme
activity in leukemia patients
Authors: Eras Nazan , Türkoz Gozde , Tombak Anil , Tiftik Naci , Yalin Serap , Berkoz Mehmet , Erden Sema , Akbas Etem 
Published: November 2019

IntroductionCatalase (CAT), an antioxidant enzyme, catalyzes conversion of hydrogen peroxide to water and molecular oxygen, protecting cells against oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible association between CAT C262T polymorphism in the promoter region of the CAT gene and leukemia risk and to determine the relationship between CAT genotypes and CAT enzyme activities.Material and methodsGenotypes of 102 cases and 112 healthy controls’ genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism methods. Catalase activity was measured with the method of Aebi.ResultsThe frequencies of the T allele among the cases and controls were 28.4% and 25.9%, respectively (p = 0.75). The frequencies of CC, CT, and TT among cases were 57.8%, 27.4%, and 14.7%, respectively, while in controls, the frequencies of CC, CT, and TT were 54.4%, 39.3%, and 6.3%, respectively, which were not significantly different. Although CAT enzyme activity was lower in leukemia patients with TT genotypes than in controls, this did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.37).ConclusionsThis is the first report showing that CAT C262T polymorphism is not a genetic predisposing factor for the risk of leukemia in the Turkish population. However, additional research is needed to confirm these findings.
Clinical value of microRNA-19a-3p and microRNA-99a-5p in bladder cancer
Authors: Borkowska Edyta , Kutwin Piotr , Rolecka Dorota , Konecki Tomasz , Borowiec Maciej , Jabłonowski Zbigniew 
Published: November 2019

IntroductionMicroRNAs (miRNA) are small (approximately 17 to 25 nucleotides in length), single stranded, non-coding RNAs that play an important role in the control of gene expression at the post-transcriptional stage, by inhibiting protein translation or promoting mRNA degradation. The main aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical utility of the tested markers (miRNAs 19a-3p and 99a-5p), which might be important in the diagnostics of non-invasive bladder cancer (BC).Material and methodsThe study involved a group of 60 patients suffering from BC (histopathologically confirmed), in which 20 patients were diagnosed with muscle invasive BC (INBC) and 40 patients with non-muscle invasive BC (NINBC). The control group consisted of 20 samples of normal urothelium, which did not show any cancerous changes during histopathological examination. We assessed the expression of microRNA, using real-time PCR and the miRCURY LNA Universal RT microRNA PCR Kit by Exiqon, Denmark.ResultsReduced expression of both analyzed markers was observed in most cases: miR-19a-3p in 51.8% and miR-99a-5p in 65.5% (as follows Mann-Whitney U test p < 0.000001 and Student’s t test p = 0.034262). Moreover, miR-19a-3p in our tested group was useful to differentiate between low and high grade disease in non-invasive stages (t test p = 0.0315435). Furthermore, miR-19a-3p and miR-99a-5p were able to discriminate patients in low grade for groups with or without recurrence.ConclusionsOur data indicated that miR-19a-3p and miR-99a-5p were significantly altered in bladder cancer samples and useful as diagnostic markers.
“The mystery which binds me still”
Authors: Lewis Paul 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Recent advances in bereavement research, theory, and treatment support a broader understanding of how Poe’s traumatic, early losses affected his writing. While psychoanalytic readings have focused on the resonance of Poe’s dying mother that haunts his famous narratives about “the death of a beautiful woman,” empirical and clinical work associated with constructivist grief theory suggests that both the fascination with mystery and the ostentatious authority Poe carried across the genres he worked in can in part be traced back to a failure to reconstruct meaning that followed his mother’s death and subsequent disruptions.
Importance of considering interoceptive abilities in alexithymia assessment
Authors: Fournier Alicia , Luminet Olivier , Dambrun Michael , Dutheil Frédéric , Pellissier Sonia , Mondillon Laurie 
Published: November 2019

Background
Recent studies have shown that people with high alexithymia scores have decreased interoceptive abilities, which can be associated with psychological and physical disorders. Early assessments of the alexithymia trait included the evaluation of these abilities through the dimension measuring the difficulty in identifying and distinguishing between feelings and bodily sensations (the 26-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale; TAS-26). The revised version of the TAS, the TAS-20, contains a three-factor solution that does not involve a dimension assessing interoceptive abilities. However, the three items allowing the evaluation of these abilities are still present in the TAS-20. In this context, we hypothesized that the 3 items which assess interoceptive abilities in the TAS-20 should constitute an independent factor. In addition to exploring the internal structure of the TAS-20, we examined its external validity by assessing the relationships between the new factors and self-reported measures of personality trait and psychological and physical health.

Method
Two online studies (N = 253 and N = 287) were performed. The participants completed the TAS-20 and a set of psychological questionnaires (e.g., anxiety, depression) and health questions (e.g., “Do you suffer from a somatic disorder?”). The structure of the TAS-20 was examined using exploratory factor analysis (EFA), followed by an investigation of the relationships between the resulting new factors and other psychological and health data using regressions. In both studies, EFA revealed a new structure of the questionnaire consisting of four dimensions: (1) difficulty in the awareness of feelings, (2) externally oriented thinking, (3) difficulty in interoceptive abilities, and (4) poor affective sharing. The first factor was positively associated with all self-reported psychological and personality trait measures while the third factor was associated more with somatic disorders and medication intake.

Results
Our results suggest the presence of a new latent factor in the assessment of alexithymia that reflects interoceptive abilities specifically related to health and personality trait outcomes. In accordance with the results and the literature, it seems important to include an assessment of interoceptive abilities when considering the evaluation of alexithymia. The next step would be to develop a valid measure of these abilities.
Geoengineering, Coal Fly Ash and the New Heart-Iron Connection: Universal Exposure to Iron Oxide Nanoparticulates
Authors: Whiteside Mark , Herndon J. Marvin 
Published: November 2019

Globally, air pollution is the leading environmental cause of human disease and death, and it is a major contributor to cardiovascular disease. Air pollution damages the cardiovascular system by oxidative stress, inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and pro-thrombotic changes. Ultrafine particulate matter from the combustion of fossil fuels delivers the most potent and harmful elements of air pollution. Coal fly ash is a rich source of nano-sized metal, iron oxide, and carbonaceous particles. Previous findings revealed that coal fly ash is widely utilized in undisclosed tropospheric aerosol geoengineering. Proper iron balance is central to human health and disease, and the harmful effects of iron are normally prevented by tightly controlled processes of systemic and cellular iron homeostasis. Altered iron balance is linked to the traditional risk factors for cardiovascular disease. The iron-heart hypothesis is supported by epidemiological, clinical, and experimental studies. Biogenic magnetite (Fe3O4) serves essential life functions, but iron oxide nanoparticles from anthropogenic sources cause disease. The recent finding of countless combustion-type magnetic nanoparticles in damaged hearts of persons from highly polluted areas is definitive evidence of the connection between the iron oxide fraction of air pollution and cardiovascular disease. Spherical magnetic iron oxide particles found in coal fly ash and certain vehicle emissions match the exogenous iron pollution particles found in the human heart. Iron oxide nanoparticles cross the placenta and may act as seed material for future cardiovascular disease. The pandemic of non-communicable diseases like cardiovascular disease and also rapid global warming can be alleviated by drastically reducing nanoparticulate air pollution. It is crucial to halt tropospheric aerosol geoengineering, and to curb fine particulate emissions from industrial and traffic sources to avoid further gross contamination of the human race by iron oxide-type nanoparticles.
Socio-demographic Factors Associated with Treatment Initiation Delays among Tuberculosis Patients in Namibia
Authors: Chikuse Francis F. , Dzikiti Loveness N. , Chideme-Munodawafa Auxilia , Maruta Talkmore , Mavondo Greanious A. , Mukesi Munyaradzi , Maisiri Mathew , Gundidza Patricia T. , Soko Munyaradzi M. 
Published: November 2019

Background: Delayed tuberculosis (TB) treatment increases the rate of spread of the bacilli in the community and mortality rates. Rapid diagnosis and early TB treatment initiation are crucial to successful outcomes and delays affect TB control programs. In Namibia, there is a paucity of data on the demographic factors affecting TB treatment initiation since GeneXpert MTB/RIF (Xpert) assay was introduced in 2017.
Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional retrospective study conducted at Katutura Hospital TB clinic from 1st July 2018 to 31st March 2019. A total of seventy-two (72) participants comprising twenty-five (25) rifampicin resistant-TB (RR-TB) and forty-seven (47) non- RR-TB adult patients were enrolled using consecutive sampling. Patients’ medical records, Xpert results and a questionnaire were used to collect data. The data were analyzed using Stata statistical software version 12. Association between socio-demographic factors and treatment initiation delays were established using logistic regression analysis.
Results: Staying with a TB patient (AOR=17.22, 95% CI: 2.29-129.773), employment status (AOR=1.23, 95% CI, 002-129), previous TB treatment (AOR=2.19, 95% CI: 0.076-0.86) and being HIV positive (AOR= 1.23, 95% CI: 0.0034-057) were the socio-demographic factors that were significantly associated with treatment initiation delays. Treatment initiation delay median time at Katutura Intermediate Hospital TB Clinic was 10 days (IQR: 1-32) and 3 days (IQR: 0-12) for RR-TB and non- RR-TB respectively.
Conclusion: The prolonged treatment initiation delays among HIV positive RR-TB patients might be due to low adherence to HIV care interventions. Staying with a household TB patient and those who were previously treated for TB were also associated with treatment initiation delays. Poor health systems infrastructure and stigma could be the determinants of this delay in these groups. An integrated family-based approach to TB and HIV care involving health care workers can mitigate TB treatment delays post-diagnosis. Further studies should explore the factors associated with late initiation to second-line treatment from a community perspective. Lastly, there is a need to assess the cost-utility of bedaquiline and delamanid drugs roll-out in Namibian health care in comparison with the standard treatment.
Pristine Titanium Carbide MXene Films with Environmentally Stable Conductivity and Superior Mechanical Strength
Authors: Chen Hongwu , Wen Yeye , Qi Yingyi , Zhao Qian , Qu Liangti , Li Chun 
Published: November 2019

Abstract2D titanium carbide (Ti3C2Tx MXene) has potential application in flexible/transparent conductors because of its metallic conductivity and solution processability. However, solution‐processed Ti3C2Tx films suffer from poor hydration stability and mechanical performance that stem from the presence of intercalants, which are unavoidably introduced during the preparation of Ti3C2Tx suspension. A proton acid colloidal processing approach is developed to remove the extrinsic intercalants in Ti3C2Tx film materials, producing pristine Ti3C2Tx films with significantly enhanced conductivity, mechanical strength, and environmental stability. Typically, pristine Ti3C2Tx films show more than twofold higher conductivity (10 400 S cm−1 vs 4620 S cm−1) and up to 11‐ and 32‐times higher strength and strain energy at failure (112 MPa, 1,480 kJ m−3, vs 10 MPa, 45 kJ m−3) than films prepared without proton acid processing. Simultaneously, the conductivity and mechanical integrity of pristine films are also largely retained during the long‐term storage in H2O/O2 environment. The improvement in mechanical performance and conductivity is originated from the intrinsic strong interaction between Ti3C2Tx layers, and the absence of extrinsic intercalants makes pristine Ti3C2Tx films stable in humidity by blocking the intercalation of H2O/O2. This method makes the material more competitive for real‐world applications such as electromagnetic interference shielding.
Perovskite‐Induced Ultrasensitive and Highly Stable Humidity Sensor Systems Prepared by Aerosol Deposition at Room Temperature
Authors: Cho Myung‐Yeon , Kim Sunghoon , Kim Ik‐Soo , Kim Eun‐Seong , Wang Zhi‐Ji , Kim Nam‐Young , Kim Sang‐Wook , Oh Jong‐Min 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA new capacitive‐type humidity sensor is proposed using novel materials and fabrication process for practical applications in sensitive environments and cost‐effective functional devices that require ultrasensing performances. Metal halide perovskites (CsPbBr3 and CsPb2Br5) combined with diverse ceramics (Al2O3, TiO2, and BaTiO3) are selected as sensing materials for the first time, and nanocomposite powders are deposited by aerosol deposition (AD) process. A state‐of‐the‐art CsPb2Br5/BaTiO3 nanocomposite humidity sensor prepared by AD process exhibits a significant increase in humidity sensing compared with CsPbBr3/Al2O3 and CsPbBr3/TiO2 sensors. An outstanding humidity sensitivity (21426 pF RH%−1) with superior linearity (0.991), fast response/recovery time (5 s), low hysteresis of 1.7%, and excellent stability in a wide range of relative humidity is obtained owing to a highly porous structure, effective charge separation, and water‐resistant characteristics of CsPb2Br5. Notably, this unprecedented result is obtained via a simple one‐step AD process within a few minutes at room temperature without any auxiliary treatment. The synergetic combination of AD technique and perovskite‐based nanocomposite can be potentially applied toward the development of multifunctional sensing devices.
Aerobijels: Ultralight Carbon Monoliths from Cocontinuous Emulsions
Authors: Santiago Cordoba Miguel A. , Spendelow Jacob S. , Parra‐Vasquez Alario Nicholas G. , Kuettner Lindsey A. , Welch Paul M. , Hamilton Christopher E. , Oertel John A. , Duque Juan G. , Meierdierks Eric J. , Semelsberger Troy A. , Gordon John C. , Lee Matthew N. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBijels are used to develop a new class of ultralight hierarchically porous aerogels exhibiting multimodal porosity across multiple length scales. Through in situ functionalization of a particle‐laden liquid interface wherein binary liquid pairs are kinetically trapped out of equilibrium through interfacial jamming, monolithic and freestanding carbon electrodes are produced with prescribed bulk densities down to ≈2 mg cm−3. Exemplary electrokinetic experiments indicate that the bicontinuity of the pore structure is essential for enhancing transport to and from the active electrode surfaces, demonstrating that these materials possess a superior ability to accumulate and transport charge when compared to analogous systems with restricted pore connectivity and fluid throughput. This approach offers a new synthetic route to bicontinuous and hierarchical aerogel materials with nested multimodal porosities. The flexibility of this scheme can address critical issues related to transport‐limited behaviors that arise in many technological fields, ranging from energy and catalysis research to remediation and sensing applications.
Current‐Induced Helicity Reversal of a Single Skyrmionic Bubble Chain in a Nanostructured Frustrated Magnet
Authors: Hou Zhipeng , Zhang Qiang , Zhang Xichao , Xu Guizhou , Xia Jing , Ding Bei , Li Hang , Zhang Senfu , Batra Nitin M. , Costa Pedro M. F. J. , Liu Enke , Wu Guangheng , Ezawa Motohiko , Liu Xiaoxi , Zhou Yan , Zhang Xixiang , Wang Wenhong 
Published: November 2019

AbstractHelicity indicates the in‐plane magnetic‐moment swirling direction of a skyrmionic configuration. The ability to reverse the helicity of a skyrmionic bubble via purely electrical means has been predicted in frustrated magnetic systems; however, it has been challenging to observe this experimentally. The current‐driven helicity reversal of the skyrmionic bubble in a nanostructured frustrated Fe3Sn2 magnet is experimentally demonstrated. The critical current density required to trigger the helicity reversal is 109–1010 A m−2, with a corresponding pulse‐width varying from 1 µs to 100 ns. Computational simulations reveal that both the pinning effect and dipole–dipole interaction play a crucial role in the helicity reversal process.