bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical impact of respiratory syncytial virus infection on children hospitalized for pertussis
Authors: Zhang Ruimu , Deng Jikui 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Although Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is one of the common pathogens in children with pertussis and viral coinfection, the clinical impact of RSV infection on pertussis remains unclear. We compared clinical characteristics and sought differences between infants with single Bordetella pertussis (B. pertussis) infection and those with RSV coinfection.Methods: We enrolled 80 patients with pertussis who were hospitalized in Shenzhen Children’s Hospital from January 2017 to December 2019. Respiratory tract samples were tested for B. pertussis with real-time polymerase chain reaction and respiratory viruses with immunofluorescence assay. Clinical data were obtained from hospital records and collected using a structured questionnaire.Results: Thirty-seven of 80 patients had B. pertussis infection alone (pertussis group) and 43 had RSV-pertussis coinfection (coinfection group). No significant differences were found with regard to sex, body weight, preterm birth history, pertussis vaccination, symptoms, presence of pneumonia, or lymphocyte count between the 2 groups. Patients with RSV coinfection were older; received more β-lactam antibiotic treatment; had higher rates of wheezes and rales on chest auscultation, a higher rate of readmission, and a longer hospital stay.Conclusions: RSV coinfection increases β-lactam antibiotic use, readmission rate, and hospital stay in children hospitalized for pertussis. RSV infection should be suspected when wheezes or rales are present on auscultation of the chest in these patients. Early detection of RSV may avoid unnecessary antibiotic use.
PERAN FATWA MUI DALAM BERBANGSA DAN BERNEGARA
Authors: Makmur Jamal 
Published: October 2020

<p>Fatwa memegang peranan kunci di Indonesia. Mayoritas umat Islam membutuhkan jawaban hukum yang solutif dan kontekstual. Majlis Ulama Indonesia (MUI) lewat Komisi Fatwa selama ini sudah membimbing umat lewat fatwa-fatwa hukum dalam semua bidang, baik akidah, ekonomi, politik, dan sosial. Fatwa MUI menjadi rujukan umat lintas sektoral yang ada di berbagai organsiasi masyarakat (ormas) di Indonesia.</p><p>Metode fatwa MUI berpijak pada empat hal. Pertama, meninjau pendapat para imam madzhab dalam masalah yang dikaji secara serius berikut dalil-dalilnya. Kedua, masalah-masalah yang jelas hukumnya (qath’iyyat) ditetapkan apa adanya. Ketiga, dalam masalah yang diperselisihkan ulama madzhab, diselesaikan dengan dua cara, yaitu: menemukan titik temu dengan metode al-jam’u wa at-taufiq, dan menggunakan tarjih (memilih pendapat yang paling kuat argumentasinya) melalui metode perbandingan madzhab dengan menggunakan kaidah ushul fiqh perbandingan. Keempat, masalah yang tidak ditemukan hukumnya dalam madzhab ditetapkan dengan ijtihad jama’i (kolektif) dengan metode bayani, ta’lili (qiyasi, istihsani, ilhaqi), istishlahi, dan sad adz-dzari’ah. Kelima, fatwa harus selalu memperhatikan kemaslahatan umum dan tujuan syariat Islam (maqasidus syariah).</p><p>Melihat metode penetapan hukum MUI di atas, maka MUI sudah menerapkan talfiq manhaji, yaitu: menggabungkan metode penetapan hukum para imam madzhab untuk menghasilkan hukum yang kontekstual dan solutif. Produk fatwa MUI yang berkaitan dengan ekonomi syariah misalnya dilengkapi dengan al-Qur’an, hadis, ijma’, qiyas, kaidah fiqh, dan pendapat para ulama lintas madzhab. Semua dasar itu berorientasi kepada kemaslahatan umum dan tujuan syariat Islam.</p><p>Talfiq manhaji yang dikembangkan Komisi Fatwa MUI ini merupakan terobosan paradigmatik yang bisa digunakan untuk merespons problematika kontemporer yang membutuhkan jawaban yang cepat, tepat, dan akurat yang bisa dipertanggungjawabkan secara normatif dan sosial sekaligus. Tidak ada fanatisme madzhab dan absolutisme pemikiran. Inklusivitas dan obyektivitas yang dikedepankan untuk memajukan umat di berbagai aspek kehidupan.</p>
pemimpin dalam perspektif total quality managemen
Authors: Yasin Nurhadi Yasin 
Published: October 2020

<p>Lembaga pendidikan dapat dilihat dari peran serta kepala sekolah sebagai pemimpin (<em>leadership</em>). Arah kebijaka yang diambil berdampak pada kinerja seluruh elemen-elemen pendidikan. Sehingga totality dan kuality akan bisa dirasakan seluruh steak holder, dengan berorientasi dan tolok ukur pada kepuasan pelanggan (siswa dan wali murid). Pola kinerja kepala sekolah dapat dilihat dengan empat model yaitu; (1) Pemimpin Otokratis; (2) Pemimpin Pseudo-Demokratis; (3) Pemimpin Lasissez-Faire; (4) Pemimpin Demokratis. Dari empat model tersebut seorang pemimpin dipengaruhi relasi-relasi, baik itu kepada pemerintah, stake holder eksternal, stake holder internal dan lembaga-lembaga sejenis. Hasil dan kemampuan seorang pemimpin dikatakan berhasil apabila mampu memuaskan pelanggan (siswa dan wali murid).</p><p> </p>
O nominalismo da relação como princípio antimetafísico
Authors: Sardinha Diogo , Chataignier Gustavo 
Published: October 2020

Tradução do texto: SARDINHA, Diogo. “Le nominalisme de la relation comme principe antimétaphysique”. In : Marx & Foucault : lectures, usages, confrontations. Organização Christian Laval, Luca Paltrinieri e Ferhat Taylan. Paris: La Découverte/ Recherches, 2015, pp.244-257.
COMPARISON STUDY OF ANTIOXIDANT, ANTIMICROBIAL AND CYTOTOXIC PROPERTIES OF SECONDARY METABOLITE AND PROTEIN EXTRACTS FROM CLINACANTHUS NUTANS
Authors: ARUMUGAM ASVINIDEVI , WONG NYET KUI 
Published: October 2020

Objective: The present study aims to evaluate the antioxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxic properties of the secondary metabolites and proteins extracted from Clinacanthus nutans.
Methods: Methanol (ME) and acetone (AC) and also protein (PE) extracts were obtained from Clinacanthus nutans. Antioxidant activity of sample extracts was examined by using 1,1-Diphenyl-2-Picrydyl Hydrazyl (DPPH) assay and antimicrobial activity was examined by using the agar diffusion method against Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Streptococcus pyrogenes, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeroginosa bacterial strain. The cytotoxic potential was determined by brine shrimp lethality assay.
Results: Methanol extract (ME) demonstrated to have the highest antioxidant activity with IC50 value of 98.84 μg/ml, followed by acetone extract (AE) with IC50 value of 134.83µg/ml, and protein extract (PE) with IC50 value of 353.49 µg/ml. Among all of the sample extracts, only methanol crude extracts (ME) displayed moderate inhibition against Gram-positive B. cereus (7.33±1.15 mm) and S. pyrogenes (8.67±0.57 mm) at concentration of 100 mg/ml, while both acetone (AE) and protein (PE) extracts had no activity against all tested microorganisms. All extracts from methanol (ME), acetone (AE) and protein (PE) exhibited significant cytotoxic activity against brine shrimps at LC50 7.2 μg/ml, 1.42 μg/ml and 70.6 μg/ml respectively.
Conclusion: These data proved that methanol extract from the leaves of Clinacanthus nutans is the most potent among all samples tested and has the potential to be developed as an antioxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxic agents. Whilst, acetone and protein crude extracts have potent antioxidant and cytotoxicity activities.
EVALUATION OF EXCISIONAL AND INCISIONAL WOUND HEALING ACTIVITY OF ELECTROHOMEOPATHIC DRUG (SPAGYRIC ESSENCE) GREEN ELECTRICITY IN RATS
Authors: SABAT PRASANT KUMAR , PRADHAN SWETA PRIYADARSINI , PATRO RANDEEP 
Published: October 2020

Objective: The current research is an attempt to evaluate the wound healing activity of Electrohomeopathic drug Green electricity (GE) in Wistar rats. No data have been reported till date on the wound healing effect of GE. Hence the present research focuses on the scientific investigation of the wound healing activity of GE in rats.
Methods: Excision and incision wounds were inflicted upon albino rats. In the excision wound model, the wound contraction, Scar residue, area and time of complete epithelization were measured subsequently on day 0, 3,6,9,12,15, 18 and 21 after inflicting the wound. Wound contraction was calculated as a percentage change in the initial wound size. In the incision wound model, the tensile strength was measured on the 10th post wounding day.
Results: It was noted that the effect produced by the GE Showed significant wound healing (p<0.01) in all wound models when compared to the control group. In the case of the excision model, GE statistically increases the wound contraction rate and in the case of the incision model GE showed high tensile strength as compared to the control group. In both cases the epithelization period was significantly decreased as compared to control. Almost 100% wound protection was achieved by GE in 21 d as compared to control.
Conclusion: GE (ointment) showed significant wound healing activity (p<0.01) in both the excised wound model and incision wound model in rats.
SECONDARY METABOLITES FROM RICE CULTURE OF ASPERGILLUS SP. ISOLATED FROM MELALEUCA SUBULATA (CHEEL) CRAVEN LEAVES AND THEIR ANTICANCER ACTIVITY
Authors: IBRAHIM HAITHAM ALI , IBRAHIM REHAM RAGAEI , KAMEL REEM ALAA , EL-MESSERY SHAHENDA METWALLY , MOHARRAM FATMA ABDELKADER 
Published: October 2020

Objective: Aspergillus fungus is a rich source of natural products with broad biological activities. This study was conducted to identify secondary metabolites from the rice culture of Aspergillus species isolated from Melaleuca subulata leaves and evaluated their anticancer activity.
Methods: Ethyl acetate extract was fractionated on silica gel and Sephadex columns. Structures of the compounds were established using physical and chemical methods. Cytotoxic activities of the extract and pure compounds against two human cancer cell lines (Mcf-7and Hep G2) were evaluated using microculture tetrazolium assay as well as the mode of the cytotoxicity was evaluated. Molecular docking studies have been performed using the Hsp 90 enzyme as an anticancer target.
Results: Methyl linoleate (1), arugosin C (2), ergosterol (3), sterigmatocystin (4), diorcinol (5), alternariol-5-O-methyl ether (6), averufin (7), averufanin (8), and alternariol (9) were identified from ethyl acetate extract. All tested compounds exhibit week activity against MCF-7 and Hep G2 cell lines but a mixture of compounds 7 and 8 is considered to be more active towards both MCF-7 and Hep G 2 in comparison to other compounds. Compound 4 exhibits moderate activity against Hep G2 only as well as the ethyl acetate extract exerts moderate activity against MCF-7 cell line Moreover, compound 4 and a mixture of 7 and 8 caused a decrease in the number of Hep G2 cancer cells due to apoptotic and necrotic processes. Most active anticancer candidates 7 and 8 showed binding to the active site similar to geldanamycin reference ligand.
Conclusion: Secondary metabolites identified from Aspergillus sp. and their anticancer activity were evaluated. Molecular docking suggested active candidates as Hsp 90 inhibitors.
THE POTENTIAL MODULATORY EFFECT OF RUTIN ON TITANIUM DIOXIDE NANOPARTICLES-INDUCED RENAL INJURY IN MALE MICE
Authors: MOUSA HEBA A. M. 
Published: October 2020

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the possible protective effect of rutin in management of TiO2NPs-induced renal injury in mice.
Methods: Forty male Swiss albino mice were randomly divided into four groups (n=10). Group (I) served as a control group, group (II) received 100 mg/kg body weight (b. wt) of rutin (orally), group (III) received 70 mg/kg b. wt of TiO2NPs,injected intraperitoneally (i. p.), Group (IV) received 70 mg/kg b. wt of TiO2NPs plus 100 mg/kg b. wt of rutin; for 14 successive days. The renal toxicity was determined through evaluating the renal function biomarkers (serum creatinine, urea, and uric acid) and the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathion (GSH), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF)-α, B-cell lymphoma (BCL)-2 and caspase-3 in renal tissues.
Results: Administration of TiO2NPs plus rutin prevented the deleterious effect of TiO2NPs on mice kidneys through improving the renal functions, and alleviating the increase in MDA, NF-kB, TNF-α, and caspase-3 levels, as well as the decrease in GSH andBCL-2 levels, in renal tissues.
Conclusion: Taken together, these findings suggested that rutin plays a role in alleviating TiO2NPs-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis, and exerts renal protective effects.
Penerapan Reward dan Punishment dalam Pembelajaran Qur’an-Hadits di Sekolah Dasar Kecamatan Muara Tiga Kabupaten Pidie
Authors: Maulida Isna 
Published: October 2020

A teacher should have a method of learning, so that students are able to learn with fun and has a passion for learning and results. Provide reward and punishment is a way in education to motivate students in the learning process. Focus problem in this research is how the application of reward and punishment in learning the Quran-Hadith in elementary school Muara alam sub-district Pidie district? As for the purpose of this research is to know the application of reward and punishment in learning the Quran-Hadith in elementary school Muara Tiga sub-district Pidie district. As for the place of this research is SDN 1 Curee, SDN 2 Curee, SDN Suka Jaya Kecamatan Muara Tiga. The subject of the study amounted to 6 people: 3 principal and 3 master class. Data collection methods used are observation, interview, and documentation, the instruments used are passing a list of interviews and obeservasi. Technique of data analysis is the reduction of data, display data, and verify the data. As for the results of the research; Application of reward in elementary school Muara Tiga sub-district in the form of gestures, praise, trust, deeds, gifts or even appreciation. As for the punishment in the form of a reprimand, facial appeared irritated, or disregard, clean-up, memorizing the short letter, and Hadith. Positive impact the application of reward and punishment; increase the motivation, the liveliness of students, became the catalyst for the other, students are thrilled. As for the negative impact; the lack of sincere, cause-effect, be apathy. Some of the liveliness of the students after the application of reward and punishment: 1) increase attention to students, 2) increase learning beliefs, 3) increases the satisfaction study, 4) increase the determination of his deeds.
Commercial Artificial Sweeteners Affect Spermatogenesis in Mice
Authors: Fatma Al-Qudsi  , Alaa Al-Dossary  
Published: October 2020

The use of artificial sweeteners has increased in recent years. More young people are using them as a non- caloric sweetener in coffee or tea. They are also present in many manufactured food products such as biscuits and cakes. Many studies explored the potential biological effects of artificial sweeteners. However, most studies explored single types of artificial sweeteners, while very few were done on the actual commercial artificial sweeteners compounds present in the market and used the normal permitted daily dose. Spermatogenesis is one of the important biological functions that leads to the production of the male germ cells, the sperms. Studies showed that male infertility has increased in recent years. - The aim of this research was to study the effect of commercial artificial sweeteners on mouse spermatogenesis. Male albino mice were divided in two main groups: 1.Control group and 2.Treated group. Each group was then divided into 4 groups (C1,C2,C3 and C4) and (T1,T2,T3 and T4 ). Treated Swiss albino male mice were orally given 50mg/kg commercial artificial sweetener solution for four weeks. While the controls were given distilled water. Artificial sweeteners caused multiple malformations in spermatozoa such as a ring shape at the end of the sperm tail, coiled sperm, short tail and cytoplasmic droplet seen in the mid-piece compared to the controls. Alteration of spermatogenesis process was seen in treated testis histological sections compared to the controls, by the increased number of deformed seminiferous tubules, the shrinkage in their size and the disappearance of the membrane surrounding some of the seminiferous tubules causing their fusion. Our results showed that daily consumption of 50mg/kg of commercial artificial sweeteners affects the spermatogenesis process in mice and produces malformed sperms.
PENGARUH PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN INKUIRI TERBIMBING (GUIDED INQUIRY) BERBANTUAN LEMBAR KERJA SISWA TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KREATIF SISWA PADA MATERI KOLOID
Authors: Sulastri Fiza , Utami Lisa , Octarya Zona 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis research was instigated by the low of students creative thinking ability at State Senior High School 1 Perhentian Raja. This research aimed at knowing the effect of implementing Guided Inquiry learning model with student workbook toward student creative thinking ability on Colloid lesson at State Senior High School 1 Perhentian Raja. It was Quasi Experimental research. Simple Random Sampling technique was used in this research. The samples comprised two classes, the eleventh-grade students of Natural Science 1 that were 33 students as the Control group and the students of Natural Science 2 that were 32 studentsas the Experimental group. The techniques of collecting the data were tests in the form of homogeneity test as the preliminary data, pretest and posttest as the final data, observation, and documentation. The instrument of this research was creative thinking ability test in the form of essay with the indicators of fluency, flexibility, originality, and elaboration. The pretest and posttest data were analyzed by using t test at 5% significant level. The research findings showed that there was a significant effect of implementing Guided Inquiry learning model with student workbook toward student creative thinking ability on Colloid lesson that t was 4.268 and the score of Sig. (2-tailed) was 0.00. The coefficient of effect was 22%. Keywords: Guided Inquiry Learning Model, Student Workbook Guided Inquiry Based, Creative Thinking Ability, Colloid
PENGARUH PENERAPAN STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED INSTRUCTION DENGAN MEDIA VIRTUAL LABORATORY TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA
Authors: Br Saragih Eka Juli Tri Saman Tari , Utami Lisa 
Published: October 2020

Abstract This research is motivated by the low level of learning outcomes of the students of science class XI at Bernas Binsus State Senior High School Pelalawan Regency. Therefore the experiment research is conducted by pre-test and post-test scheme to discover the effect of problem based instruction learning model by virtual laboratory media toward learning outcomes of class XI students at Bernas Binsus State Senior High School Pelalawan Regency at the subject of buffer solution. The subjects of the research are the students of class XI science in the year of 2015-2016 with two classes as samples: class XI science 3 (experiment) that consists of 28 students and class XI science 2 (control) that consists of 29 students. The research data is collected by using observation, initial data test which is homogeneitytest and final data test which are pre-test dan post-test, and documentation. To discover the effect of the implementation the learning model toward the learning outcomes, the formula of partial equilibrium (Kp) is employed. The effect differences are analyzed by t test polled varians. Analysis result of initial and final data indicates that t-counting = 2.79 and t-table = 1.67 in the significance rate of 5%. The value of t-counting > t-table that makes Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. It indicates that there is a correlation of the implementation of Problem Based Instructionlearning model with virtual laboratory media toward learning outcomes of the students of class XI Bernas Binsus State Senior High School Pelalawan Regency at the subject of buffer solution, with the effect of 12.43 %. Keywords: Problem Based Instruction, Virtual Laboratory Media, Learning Outcome.
DESAIN DAN UJI COBA MEDIA MACROMEDIA FLASH BERBASIS PROBLEM BASED LEARNING PADA MATERI HIDROKARBON
Authors: Hidayati Novia , Fatisa Yuni 
Published: October 2020

This research was instigated by Chemistry subject that only had concepts, it did not connect the concepts to daily life. This research aimed at knowing designing and testing Problem Based Learning based Macromedia Flash media on Hydrocarbon lesson and knowing the levels of validity and practicality of Problem Based Learning based Macromedia Flash media. It was a Research and Development (R&D) with Borg and Gall development model. It was administered at Islamic Integrated Senior High School of Al-Ittihad Pekanbaru. The subjects of this research were material experts, media experts, Chemistry subject teachers, and the eleventh-grade students of Natural Science. The object was Problem Based Learning based Macromedia Flash media on Hydrocarbon lesson. Media could be proper, if it was valid and practical. Validity percentage obtained from material experts was 93.30% (very valid), validity percentage obtained from media experts was 96% (very valid), practicality percentage obtained from chemistry subject teachers was 84.60% (very practical), and 84% students responded very well to overall design of Macromedia Flash media. Based on these results, it could be identified that Problem Based Learning based Macromedia Flash media could be implemented in the next stage. Keywords: Macromedia Flash Media, Problem Based Learning, Hydrocarbon
IDENTIFIKASI MISKONSEPSI MATERI STRUKTUR ATOM DAN SISTEM PERIODIK UNSUR MENGGUNAKAN TES DIAGNOSTIK PILIHAN GANDA TIGA TINGKAT (THREE-TIER MULTIPLE CHOICE) PADA PESERTA DIDIK KELAS X MIPA SMA NEGERI 6 PEKANBARU
Authors: RIZKI M FATKHUR , Copriady Jimmi , Rery Radjwali Usman 
Published: October 2020

Abstrak: Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui konsep-konsep yang miskonsepsi, besarnya tingkat miskonsepsi, dan kategori tingkat miskonsepsi peserta didik kelas X MIPA SMA Negeri 6 Pekanbaru pada materi struktur atom dan sistem periodik unsur. Penelitian telah dilakukan pada bulan November-Desember 2018 dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan menggunakan teknik Simpel Random Sampling dengan rumus Krejcie dan Morgan, sehingga didapatkan sampel sebanyak 150 peserta didik. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan berupa tes diagnostik pilihan ganda tiga tingkat (three tier). Validasi instrumen melalui validitas isi oleh ahli materi, validitas konstruk menggunakan korelasi product moment, dan reliabilitas menggunakan belah dua (split half). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan instrumen yang disusun sangat baik dan valid dengan nilai reliabilitas instrumen sebesar 0,85, ditemukan bahwa persentase peserta didik yang mengalami miskonsepsi sebesar 38,00% dan persentase tersebut termasuk miskonsepsi kategori sedang. Miskonsepsi yang dialami peserta didik adalah: (1) Perkembangan teori atom miskonsepsi kategori rendah, (2) Nomor atom dan nomor massa miskonsepsi kategori sedang, (3) Isotop, Isobar dan Isoton miskonsepsi kategori sedang, (4) Bilangan kuantum miskonsepsi kategori sedang, (5) Golongan dan periode miskonsepsi kategori sedang, (6) Sifat keperiodikan unsur