bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Frequent premature ventricular contractions. Association of burden and complexity with prognosis according to the presence of structural heart disease
Authors: Parreira Leonor , Marinheiro Rita , Amador Pedro , Mesquita Dinis , Farinha Jose , Lopes Artur , Fonseca Marta , Chambel Duarte , Venancio Jose , Lopes Claudia , Caria Rui 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIntroductionPremature ventricular contractions (PVC) have been associated with mortality and heart failure (HF) regardless the presence of structural heart disease (SHD). The aim of this study was assessing the impact of burden and complexity of PVCs on prognosis, according to presence of SHD.Methods312 patients were retrospectively evaluated out of 1967 consecutive patients referred for 24‐hr Holter at a single hospital, with a PVC count >1% of total beats. Two groups with and without SHD. PVC burden (PVC%), presence of complex forms, incidence of all‐cause death, combined outcomes of all‐cause death and cardiovascular hospitalizations, HF death and HF hospitalizations and, sudden death (SD) or hospitalizations due to ventricular arrhythmias (VA)were assessed.ResultsPremature ventricular contraction burden was 2.7 (IQR: 1.6–6.7). SHD patients had more polymorphic PVCs, 77% versus 65%, p = .022, triplets and episodes of non‐sustained ventricular tachycardia (NSVT): 44% versus 27%, p = .002; 30% versus 12%, p < .0001. In idiopathic patients, a PVC% in the third quartile was independently associated with all‐cause mortality hazard ratio (HR) 2.288 (1.042–5.026) p = .039, but not in SHD. The complexity of the PVCs was not independently associated with outcomes in both groups. In SHD group, NSVT was associated with lower survival free from SD and VA hospitalizations, p = .028; after multivariable, there was a trend for a higher arrhythmic outcome with NSVT, HR 3.896 (0.903–16.81) p = .068.ConclusionPremature ventricular contractions in SHD showed more complex patterns. In idiopathic patients, a higher PVC count was associated with higher mortality but not is SHD patients. Complexity was not independently associated with worse prognosis.
Induced abortion has no psychological effect on early parental self‐efficacy and psychological well‐being: The Steps to the Healthy Development and Well‐being of Children study
Authors: Holmlund Susanna , Junttila Niina , Aromaa Minna , Räihä Hannele , Mäkinen Juha , Rautava Päivi 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIntroductionAn association between a history of induced abortion and psychological well‐being post‐abortion has been demonstrated in recently published studies, which is contrary to the findings of existing known high‐quality studies.Material and methodsAn evaluation was conducted to determine whether a history of abortion affected the psychological well‐being and parental self‐efficacy of first‐time mothers and their partners; this assessment was performed when the child was aged 18 months. Questionnaires were administered to 492 first‐time mothers, 37 of whom had a history of abortion, and their partners (n = 436). Women with previous miscarriages, ectopic pregnancies, and deliveries were excluded. The women were allocated to an abortion group or a comparison group, depending on each woman's abortion history obtained from medical birth registry data. Psychological well‐being, which encompassed social and emotional loneliness, marital satisfaction, social phobia, and depression, was evaluated as a predictor of maternal and paternal self‐efficacy within the two groups. The analysis was conducted using multi‐group structural equation modeling.ResultsInduced abortion was not predictive of maternal or paternal well‐being or parental self‐efficacy. Overall, maternal and paternal psychological well‐being was predictive of parental self‐efficacy when an assessment was performed, regardless of an abortion history. After testing the invariance of multi‐group models, psychological well‐being was similarly found to predict parental self‐efficacy in both the abortion history and comparison groups.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that the psychological well‐being of parents is an important predictor of maternal and paternal self‐efficacy during toddlerhood. Abortion history was not demonstrated to negatively impact the psychological well‐being of parents with respect to their capacity for parental self‐efficacy.
High variability in nurses’ tactile stimulation methods in response to apnoea of prematurity—A neonatal manikin study
Authors: Cramer Sophie J. E. , van Zanten Henriëtte Anje , Boezaard Manon , Hoek Petronella M. , Dekker Janneke , Hooper Stuart B. , te Pas Arjan B. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAimNeonatal intensive care unit (NICU) nurses provide tactile stimulation to terminate apnoea in preterm infants, but guidelines recommending specific methods are lacking. In this study, we evaluated current methods of tactile stimulation performed by NICU nurses.MethodsNurses were asked to demonstrate and explain their methods of tactile stimulation on a manikin, using an apnoea scenario. All nurses demonstrated their methods three times in succession, with the manikin positioned either prone, supine or lateral. Finally, the nurses were asked how they decided on the methods of tactile stimulation used. The stimulation methods were logged in chronological order by describing both the technique and the location. The nurses' explanations were transcribed and categorised.ResultsIn total, 47 nurses demonstrated their methods of stimulation on the manikin. Overall, 57 different combinations of technique and location were identified. While most nurses (40/47, 85%) indicated they learned how to stimulate during their training, 15/40 (38%) of them had adjusted their methods over time. The remaining 7/47 (15%) stated that their stimulation methods were self‐developed.ConclusionTactile stimulation performed by NICU nurses to terminate apnoea was highly variable in both technique and location, and these methods were based on either prior training or intuition.
Group Cognitive Behavioural Analysis System of Psychotherapy (CBASP) for persistently depressed outpatients: a retrospective chart review
Authors: Potijk Marieke R. , aan het Rot Marije , Parlevliet Frieda M. , Schoevers Robert A. , Eldering Marieke J. 
Published: September 2020

BackgroundCognitive behavioural analysis system of psychotherapy (CBASP) is an effective individual treatment for persistent depressive disorder (PDD), but evidence on group treatment (Group‐CBASP) is limited. Our aim was to review the effect of Group‐CBASP on self‐report depression severity in outpatients with PDD, overall and by age of depression‐onset.MethodsA retrospective chart review study (November 2011–March 2017) in 54 patients with PDD (29 late‐onset, 25 early‐onset). Patients were previously treated by pharmacotherapy (92.6%), psychotherapy (98.1%) and/or electroconvulsive therapy (11.1%). Group‐CBASP involved 24 weekly sessions during 6 months, followed by individual appointments over 6 months. The Inventory of Depressive Symptoms ‐self rating(IDS‐SR) was used at baseline and after 3, 6, 9 and 12 months, computing mean differences and response rates.ResultsThe mean IDS‐SR score decreased significantly from 39.83 at baseline to 33.78 at 6 months: a decrease from severe to moderate depression after 24 weeks of Group‐CBASP, with a medium effect size (Cohen’s d = .49). At 12 months, the mean IDS‐SR score was 32.81, indicating moderate symptom levels remained. At 6 and 12 months, mean IDS‐SR scores were similar among late‐ versus early‐onset patients, but at 12 months response rates were higher among late‐onset patients.LimitationsAlthough results of our study provide valuable input for future prospective studies, limitations were the use of a retrospective design and the small group size.ConclusionGroup‐CBASP offered to an outpatient population with PDD was associated with clinically relevant decrease in self‐reported symptom severity, and with sustained response particularly in patients with late onset of depression.Practitioner points
Group‐CBASP seems to be a good alternative for CBASP in individual setting.
Patients with late age of depression‐onset seem to benefit more from Group‐CBASP.
This study shows that clinical relevant effects of Group‐CBASP, followed by individual contacts, remain at least for 6 months.
Research on personalizing treatment strategies is needed to improve patient assignment for Group‐CBASP.
Immunophenotypic characteristics of juvenile myelomonocytic leukaemia and their relation with the molecular subgroups of the disease
Authors: Frisanco Oliveira Anita , Tansini Aline , Toledo Thais Regina , Balceiro Rafael , Onofre Vidal Daniel , de Martino Lee Maria Lucia , Lorand‐Metze Irene , Lopes Luiz Fernando 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe diagnosis of juvenile myelomonocytic leukaemia (JMML) is based on clinical, laboratory and molecular features but immunophenotyping [multiparametric flow cytometry (MFC)] has not been used routinely. In the present study, we describe the flow cytometric features at diagnosis with special attention to the distribution of monocytic subsets and the relation between MFC and molecular subgroups. MFC was performed with an eight‐colour platform based on Euroflow. We studied 33 JMML cases. CD34+/CD117+/CD13+ cells >2% was found in 25 cases, and 51·5% presented an aberrant expression of CD7. A decrease of CD34+/CD19+/CD10+ cells was seen in eight cases and in four they were absent. The granulocytic population had a decreased side scatter in 29 cases. Bone marrow monocytic precursors were increased in 28 patients, with a decrease in classical monocytes (median 80·7%) and increase in CD16+ (intermediate and non‐classical). A more pronounced increase in myeloid CD34+ cells was seen in patients with Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) and tyrosine‐protein phosphatase non‐receptor type 11 (PTPN11), with aberrant CD7 expression in four of six and 10/12 patients respectively. Thus, JMML shows an immunophenotypic profile similar to myelodysplastic syndromes, and a different monocyte subset distribution when compared with chronic MML. MFC proved to be an important diagnostic tool that can help in differential diagnosis with other clonal diseases with monocytosis.
Lateglacial and Holocene environmental history of the central Kola region, northwestern Russia revealed by a sediment succession from Lake Imandra
Authors: Lenz Matthias , Savelieva Larisa , Frolova Larisa , Cherezova Anna , Moros Matthias , Baumer Marlene M. , Gromig Raphael , Kostromina Natalia , Nigmatullin Niyaz , Kolka Vasili , Wagner Benrd , Fedorov Grigory , Melles Martin 
Published: September 2020

Bolshaya Imandra, the northern sub‐basin of Lake Imandra, was investigated by a hydro‐acoustic survey followed by sediment coring down to the acoustic basement. The sediment record was analysed by a combined physical, biogeochemical, sedimentological, granulometrical and micropalaeontological approach to reconstruct the regional climatic and environmental history. Chronological control was obtained by 14C dating, 137Cs, and Hg markers as well as pollen stratigraphy and revealed that the sediment succession offers the first continuous record spanning the Lateglacial and Holocene for this lake. Following the deglaciation prior to c. 13 200 cal. a BP, the lake's sub‐basin initially was occupied by a glacifluvial river system, before a proglacial lake with glaciolacustrine sedimentation established. Rather mild climate, a sparse vegetation cover and successive retreat of the Scandinavian Ice Sheet (SIS) from the lake catchment characterized the Bølling/Allerød interstadial, lasting until 12 710 cal. a BP. During the subsequent Younger Dryas chronozone, until 11 550 cal. a BP, climate cooling led to a decrease in vegetation cover and a re‐advance of the SIS. The SIS disappeared from the catchment at the Holocene transition, but small glaciers persisted in the mountains at the eastern lake shore. During the Early Holocene, until 8400 cal. a BP, sedimentation changed from glaciolacustrine to lacustrine and rising temperatures caused the spread of thermophilous vegetation. The Middle Holocene, until 3700 cal. a BP, comprises the regional Holocene Thermal Maximum (8000–4600 cal. a BP) with relatively stable temperatures, denser vegetation cover and absence of mountain glaciers. Reoccurrence of mountain glaciers during the Late Holocene, until 30 cal. a BP, presumably results from a slight cooling and increased humidity. Since c. 30 cal. a BP Lake Imandra has been strongly influenced by human impact, originating in industrial and mining activities. Our results are in overall agreement with vegetation and climate reconstructions in the Kola region.
Mandibular two‐implant overdentures with CAD‐CAM milled bars with distal extensions or retentive anchors: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Srinivasan Murali , Schimmel Martin , Buser Ramona , Maniewicz Sabrina , Herrmann François R. , Müller Frauke 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectiveThis randomized controlled trial (RCT) aimed to demonstrate the non‐inferiority of mandibular 2‐implant overdentures (IODs) on a CAD‐CAM milled bar with long distal extensions (MBDE) against IODs on retentive anchors (RA).MethodsForty edentulous participants rehabilitated with a maxillary conventional denture and a mandibular 2‐IOD participated in this trial. They were randomized into two groups [Control group (CG): RA + gold matrices; Experimental group (EG): MBDE + gold clip]. The outcomes included implant survival rate (ISR), chewing efficiency [quantitative (VoH) and subjective (SA) assessments], peri‐implant marginal bone levels (PI‐MBL), maximum bite force (MBF), and patient‐reported outcomes [oral health impact profile (OHIP‐EDENT), and denture satisfaction index (DSI)]. Outcomes were recorded at baseline (BL), two weeks (T0), 6 months (T1), and at 1 year (T2) after the intervention. Intra‐ and inter‐group analyses were performed using regression models with ⍺=0.05.Results38 participants completed the T2 visit (CG: n = 19, age = 74.7 ± 7.8 years; EG: n = 19, age = 70.3 ± 10.7 years). At T2, there was no implant loss in either of the groups (ISR = 100%). There were no significant differences between the groups for the PI‐MBL changes (p = .754).Improvements occurred faster in the EG than in the CG, but over the observation time, there were no differences between the trial groups for VoH, MBF, OHIP‐EDENT, and the DSI, except for SA being significantly better in the EG group (p = .022).ConclusionsThe results of this RCT confirm that mandibular 2‐IODs with a CAD‐CAM milled bar with long distal extensions are not an inferior treatment to the conventional IODs on retentive anchors in the short term (1 year).
Neuron‐specific deletion of presenilin enhancer2 causes progressive astrogliosis and age‐related neurodegeneration in the cortex independent of the Notch signaling
Authors: Bi Hui‐Ru , Zhou Cui‐Hua , Zhang Yi‐Zhi , Cai Xu‐Dong , Ji Mu‐Huo , Yang Jian‐Jun , Chen Gui‐Quan , Hu Yi‐Min 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIntroductionPresenilin enhancer2 (Pen‐2) is an essential subunit of γ‐secretase, which is a key protease responsible for the cleavage of amyloid precursor protein (APP) and Notch. Mutations on Pen‐2 cause familial Alzheimer disease (AD). However, it remains unknown whether Pen‐2 regulates neuronal survival and neuroinflammation in the adult brain.MethodsForebrain neuron‐specific Pen‐2 conditional knockout (Pen‐2 cKO) mice were generated for this study. Pen‐2 cKO mice expressing Notch1 intracellular domain (NICD) conditionally in cortical neurons were also generated.ResultsLoss of Pen‐2 causes astrogliosis followed by age‐dependent cortical atrophy and neuronal loss. Loss of Pen‐2 results in microgliosis and enhanced inflammatory responses in the cortex. Expression of NICD in Pen‐2 cKO cortices ameliorates neither neurodegeneration nor neuroinflammation.ConclusionsPen‐2 is required for neuronal survival in the adult cerebral cortex. The Notch signaling may not be involved in neurodegeneration caused by loss of Pen‐2.
Subtotal functional sialoadenectomy vs four‐duct ligation for the treatment of drooling in neurologically impaired children: Long‐term follow‐up
Authors: De Peppo Francesco , Caccamo Romina , Garganese Maria Carmen , Ceriati Emanuela , Marchetti Paola , Adorisio Ottavio Domenico , Cerchiari Antonella , Battaglia Sonia 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectivesThe best surgical option to treat drooling in neurodisabilities is still under debate. The aim of this study was to describe the technique of subtotal functional sialoadenectomy (SFS) (ie four‐duct ligation (4‐DL) together with bilateral sublingual gland excision) and its long‐term outcomes, in comparison with 4‐DL.DesignRetrospective observational cohort study.SettingUnit of Pediatric Surgery of Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital (Rome).ParticipantsSeventy‐five patients surgically treated for drooling between 2002 and 2012, with at least five years of follow‐up, divided into two groups: 4‐DL group (19 patients) underwent four‐duct ligation, and SFS group (56 patients) underwent subtotal functional sialoadenectomy.Main outcome measuresPrimary end points were the evaluation of drooling improvement after surgery (parameters: Drooling Severity and Frequency Scale, DSFS; no of bibs/day; no of shirts/day; no of pneumonia/year; use of antidrooling drugs) and the comparison between two different surgical techniques.ResultsMedian age at surgery was 10 years (1‐35). Long‐term outcomes showed significant improvement in DSFS and in no of shirts/day in both groups. Significantly better results were found in the SFS group than in the 4‐DL group as far as DSFS (P value .045), no of bibs/day (P value .041), no of shirts/day (P value .032) are concerned. Reoperation rate for recurrence was 42% in the 4‐DL group and 0% in the SFS group (P value < .0001). Six patients (8%; 2 in the 4‐DL group and 4 in the SFS group) experienced perioperative complications, while 4 patients (5%; 2 in the 4‐DL group and 2 in the SFS group) recorded long‐term complications, with no difference between groups neither need for surgical treatment. No surgery‐related mortality was recorded.ConclusionsIn our experience, subtotal functional sialoadenectomy ensured significantly greater long‐term effects than four‐duct ligation for drooling treatment in neurologically impaired child, with equal complication rate.
Changing paradigm of sacral neuromodulation and external anal sphincter repair for faecal incontinence in specialist centres
Authors: Ong K. , Bordeianou L. , Brunner M. , Buntzen S. , Collie M.H.S. , Hanly A. , Hunt C. W. , Matzel K. E. , O’Connell P. R. , Rydningen M. , Savitt L. , Totaro A. , Vaizey C. J. , Maeda Y. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to determine whether the paradigm of surgical intervention for faecal incontinence (FI) has changed between 2000 and 2013.MethodThis was a multi‐centre retrospective study of patients who had undergone either sacral neuromodulation (SNM) or delayed sphincter repair or sphincteroplasty (SR) as a primary surgical intervention for FI in five centres in Europe and one in the United States. The flow of patients according to the intervention, sustainability of the treatment at a minimum follow‐up of 5 years, complications and requirement for further interventions were recorded.ResultsA total of 461 patients (median age 56 years, range 24–90 years, 41 men) had either SNM or SR as an index operation during the study period [SNM 284 (61.6%), SR 177 (38.4%)]. Among SNM patients, there were 169 revisional operations (change of battery and/or lead, re‐siting or removal). At the time of last follow‐up 203 patients (71.4%) continued to use SNM. Among SR patients, 30 (16.9%) had complications, most notably wound infection (22, 12.4%). During follow‐up 32 patients (18.1%) crossed over to SNM. Comparing two 4‐year periods (2000–2003 and 2007–2010), the proportion of patients operated on who had a circumferential sphincter defect of less than 90° was 48 (68%) and 45 (46%), respectively (P = 0.03), while those who had SNM as the primary intervention increased from 29% to 89% (P < 0.05).ConclusionThe paradigm of surgical intervention for FI has changed with increasing use of SNM.
How Experts Adapt Their Gaze Behavior When Modeling a Task to Novices
Authors: Emhardt Selina N. , Kok Ellen M. , Jarodzka Halszka , Brand‐Gruwel Saskia , Drumm Christian , van Gog Tamara 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDomain experts regularly teach novice students how to perform a task. This often requires them to adjust their behavior to the less knowledgeable audience and, hence, to behave in a more didactic manner. Eye movement modeling examples (EMMEs) are a contemporary educational tool for displaying experts’ (natural or didactic) problem‐solving behavior as well as their eye movements to learners. While research on expert‐novice communication mainly focused on experts’ changes in explicit, verbal communication behavior, it is as yet unclear whether and how exactly experts adjust their nonverbal behavior. This study first investigated whether and how experts change their eye movements and mouse clicks (that are displayed in EMMEs) when they perform a task naturally versus teach a task didactically. Programming experts and novices initially debugged short computer codes in a natural manner. We first characterized experts’ natural problem‐solving behavior by contrasting it with that of novices. Then, we explored the changes in experts’ behavior when being subsequently instructed to model their task solution didactically. Experts became more similar to novices on measures associated with experts’ automatized processes (i.e., shorter fixation durations, fewer transitions between code and output per click on the run button when behaving didactically). This adaptation might make it easier for novices to follow or imitate the expert behavior. In contrast, experts became less similar to novices for measures associated with more strategic behavior (i.e., code reading linearity, clicks on run button) when behaving didactically.
Conservation value of national forest roadless areas
Authors: Talty McKinley J. , Mott Lacroix Kelly , Aplet Gregory H. , Belote R. Travis 
Published: September 2020

AbstractConservation scientists call for establishing additional protected areas amidst ongoing threats of expanding human development. Nevertheless, some existing protected areas are being downsized and demoted of their existing conservation protections. In 2001, the Roadless Area Conservation Rule prohibited road construction and timber harvest in 240,000 km2 of inventoried roadless areas (IRAs) located on United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service lands. IRAs represent a non‐legislative protected status that is in jeopardy of conservation demotion or “degazettement,” and few national protected area assessments recognize the IRA designation. Since the rule's conception two decades ago, little research has been conducted to assess the conservation values of IRAs and the values they could add to the existing system of highly protected areas in the continental United States. To increase understanding of these conservation values, we assessed three aspects of roadless areas: (a) how wild and intact are IRA lands compared to state, national, and protected lands, (b) how do IRAs complement the size, connectedness, and representation of protected lands, and (c) how do IRAs contribute to protection of important ecosystem services (drinking water and annual carbon capture)? Through this analysis we found that many IRAs are among the most wild, undeveloped areas both in the nation and within their respective states. IRAs increase the size of—and reduce isolation between—protected areas, likely buffering them from external stressors. In some places, IRAs protect watersheds that deliver drinking water to hundreds of thousands of people. IRAs also add significantly to the total carbon captured by existing protected areas. The results of our evaluation demonstrate the potential of IRAs to contribute to the conservation value of the U.S. protected area system and to deliver important ecosystem services.