bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La prostitution dans la poésie de Guy de Maupassant: genèse d’une notion clé de l’œuvre en prose.
Authors: Benhamou Noëlle 
Published: December 2019

La prostitución, ilícita o autorizada, en las calles o dentro de las casas, es un tema fundamental en la obra de Guy de Maupassant. Se convierte en un verdadero hilo conductor, atravesando todos los géneros que el autor aborda: cuentos, novelas, obras de teatro, relatos de viaje, correspondencia, crónicas periodísticas e incluso poesía. Precisamente en este último género, poco estudiado, pretendemos estudiar los diferentes aspectos de la prostitución. A través de un corpus de poemas de juventud recopilados en Des vers (1880) -“Une Conquête”, “Au bord de l’eau”, “Propos des rues”, “Vénus rustique” – pero también en poemas pornográficos – “La Femme à barbe”, “69”- analizaremos el origen de esta noción clave para comprender la poética de Maupassant. Comprobaremos cómo todas las formas de prostitución y la mayoría de prostitutas de su obra en prosa posterior se encuentran en germen en sus poemas.
Prostitution, whether in the streets or in brothels, whether illegal or official, is a basic theme in Guy de Maupassant’s work. As an absolute governing principle, it appears not only in all his prose –short stories, novels, plays, travel narratives, letters, chronicles– but also in his poetry. Unfortunately, critics have largely neglected that aspect of the latter, so we propose here to study the different faces of prostitution in Maupassant’s early poetic works. In a collection of poems he wrote when young and published in Des vers (1880) –“Une Conquête”, “Au bord de l’eau”, “Propos des rues”, “Vénus rustique”– but also in his pornographic poems –“La Femme à barbe”, “69”– we will analyze the genesis of this theme as a key to understanding Maupassant’s poetics. We will see that all kinds of prostitution and most of the prostitutes in his future prose were already there in embryonic form in his early poetry.
La prostitución, ilícita o autorizada, en las calles o dentro de las casas, es un tema fundamental en la obra de Guy de Maupassant. Se convierte en un verdadero hilo conductor, atravesando todos los géneros que el autor aborda: cuentos, novelas, obras de teatro, relatos de viaje, correspondencia, crónicas periodísticas e incluso poesía. Precisamente en este último género, poco estudiado, pretendemos estudiar los diferentes aspectos de la prostitución. A través de un corpus de poemas de juventud recopilados en Des vers (1880) -“Une Conquête”, “Au bord de l’eau”, “Propos des rues”, “Vénus rustique” – pero también en poemas pornográficos – “La Femme à barbe”, “69”- analizaremos el origen de esta noción clave para comprender la poética de Maupassant. Comprobaremos cómo todas las formas de prostitución y la mayoría de prostitutas de su obra en prosa posterior se encuentran en germen en sus poemas.
Folding simulation of small proteins by dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) with non-empirical interaction parameters based on fragment molecular orbital calculations
Authors: Okuwaki Koji , Doi Hideo , Fukuzawa Kaori , Mochizuki Yuji 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Recently, we have developed a new simulation scheme with dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) based on non-empirical interaction parameters derived from a series of fragment molecular orbital (FMO) calculations. This approach (FMO–DPD) was applied to folding simulations of Chignolin and Superchignolin mini-proteins. Their characteristic hairpin structure was obtained from an elongated form within short computation time. Essential residue-residue interactions such as hydrogen bonding and CH/π were observed at the final form. FMO–DPD should have a potential applicability to nano-bio systems involving proteins.
The impact of storage conditions on human stool 16S rRNA microbiome composition and diversity
Authors: Carruthers Lauren V. , Moses Arinaitwe , Adriko Moses , Faust Christina L. , Tukahebwa Edridah M. , Hall Lindsay J. , Ranford-Cartwright Lisa C. , Lamberton Poppy H.L. 
Published: December 2019

Background
Multiple factors can influence stool sample integrity upon sample collection. Preservation of faecal samples for microbiome studies is therefore an important step, particularly in tropical regions where resources are limited and high temperatures may significantly influence microbiota profiles. Freezing is the accepted standard to preserve faecal samples however, cold chain methods are often unfeasible in fieldwork scenarios particularly in low and middle-income countries and alternatives are required. This study therefore aimed to address the impact of different preservative methods, time-to-freezing at ambient tropical temperatures, and stool heterogeneity on stool microbiome diversity and composition under real-life physical environments found in resource-limited fieldwork conditions.

Methods
Inner and outer stool samples collected from one specimen obtained from three children were stored using different storage preservation methods (raw, ethanol and RNAlater) in a Ugandan field setting. Mixed stool was also stored using these techniques and frozen at different time-to-freezing intervals post-collection from 0–32 h. Metataxonomic profiling was used to profile samples, targeting the V1–V2 regions of 16S rRNA with samples run on a MiSeq platform. Reads were trimmed, combined and aligned to the Greengenes database. Microbial diversity and composition data were generated and analysed using Quantitative Insights Into Microbial Ecology and R software.

Results
Child donor was the greatest predictor of microbiome variation between the stool samples, with all samples remaining identifiable to their child of origin despite the stool being stored under a variety of conditions. However, significant differences were observed in composition and diversity between preservation techniques, but intra-preservation technique variation was minimal for all preservation methods, and across the time-to-freezing range (0–32 h) used. Stool heterogeneity yielded no apparent microbiome differences.

Conclusions
Stool collected in a fieldwork setting for comparative microbiome analyses should ideally be stored as consistently as possible using the same preservation method throughout.
Prevalence of Seropositive VDRL Cases amongst Pregnant Women at the Rivers State University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria: Is Routine Screening for Syphilis Using VDRL Still Relevant?
Authors: Awoyesuku P. A. , MacPepple D. A. , Kwosah N. J. 
Published: December 2019

Background: Untreated maternal syphilis is strongly associated with adverse birth outcomes. The WHO recommends routine serological screening in pregnancy. Some workers have advised a reappraisal of this practice, having demonstrated low seroprevalence in their antenatal population.
Objective: To determine the prevalence of seropositive VDRL cases amongst pregnant women at the Rivers State University Teaching Hospital (RSUTH) in order to justify the need and cost-effectiveness for continued routine syphilis screening using VDRL alone.
Methodology: A retrospective review of hospital and laboratory records of all pregnant women booked for antenatal care (ANC) at RSUTH in a two-year period, from May 2017 to April 2019, was carried out. Data on patients’ age, parity and educational level, and reactivity of VDRL test at booking were retrieved using structured pro-forma and analyzed using Epi Info Version 7. Test for significance using Chi-square was set at significant level of P<0.05.
Results: 3560 clinic patients had VDRL screening out of which 63 were positive. The overall prevalence rate in this study was 1.8%. The mean age was 31.5±4.7 years and the mean gestational age at booking was 22.1±6.8 weeks. There was no significant relationship between their age (χ2 = 0.403, p-value=0.940), parity (χ2 = 3.707, p-value=0.0.157), and educational status (χ2 = 1.853, p-value=0.396), and seropositivity. The cost of VDRL test per patient in RSUTH is $3, to detect the 63 cases the sum of $10,680 was spent.
Conclusion: The seroprevalence rate of syphilis in this study was low. Initial screening using VDRL alone is neither justified nor cost effective. Selective screening based on risk factors and specific test with TPHA is recommended.
Presentation, Characteristics and Co-morbidities of Men with Prostate Cancer in Nigeria
Authors: Ofoha Chimaobi Gideon , Magnus Felix Echebiri 
Published: December 2019

Aims: To determine the presentation, characteristics and associated co-morbidities in Nigerian men with prostate cancer.
Study Design: Retrospective study.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried at the Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria from January 2010 to December 2018.
Methodology: Men with histologically confirmed prostate cancer were analyzed. The age of the men, PSA pattern, histologic type, Gleason score, stage of the disease, associated co-morbidities and treatment received by the men were recorded. The effect of co-morbidities on disease aggressiveness using Gleason score and PSA as determinants was determined using Pearson correlation. SPSS version 23 was used in analyzing the data. P-value of < 0.05 was considered significant.
Results: Eighty-one patients with prostate cancer from 2010 to 2018 were involved in the study. The mean age was 67.58±9.42 years with a range of 42 to 96years. Men with PSA >100 ng/ml had the highest frequency (34.60%). The mean Gleason Score was 6.28±2.13. Gleason score 7-8 had the highest frequency (35.8%). Seventy-nine patients (97.5%) had adenocarcinoma. Eighty-one percent of the men had advanced Pca, 58% being metastatic disease. 48.1% had co-morbidities, 39.5% had hypertension, while 8.6% had both hypertension and diabetes. Comorbidities showed no correlation with PSA level (r=0.346), (p-value 0.375) and Gleason score (r=0.194), (p-value 0.639). Seventy-nine percent of the men had androgen deprivation therapy.
Conclusion: Most of the men presented with advanced disease, with all indices pointing towards lethal disease. The commonest co-morbidity was hypertension and co-morbidities had no relationship with the aggressiveness of prostate cancer. To ensure early presentation and prevent lethal forms of Pca, health education, screening, counselling for men in the high-risk group is paramount.
Demographic Distribution of Oculoplastic Disorders in Port Harcourt Nigeria
Authors: Ejimadu C. S. , Chinawa N. E. , Theophilus B. 
Published: December 2019

Aim: To find the age and gender variation in oculoplastic-related disorders in Port Harcourt.
Methods: This study was a hospital-based retrospective study involving retrieval of records of all oculoplastic disorders University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH), Nigeria. The various ocular disorders in the hospital are routinely entered into an Ophthalmology register from where the data were extracted. Data analysis was performed using United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Epi-Info version 7 software.
Results: The commonest case was Chalazion (32%) followed by Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia (8.9%), Thyroid Eye Disease, Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction both contributing 5.7% each. There were 49 (39.8%) males and 74 (60.2%) females. The male to female ratio was 2:3.The commonest affected age group was 21-30 years (33.3%),followed by 31-40 years(15.5%).The least affected age group were those that were above 70 years which constituted 2.4%.
Conclusion: Female gender and the age group of 21-30 were seen more with oculoplastic conditions probably due to the more sensitivity of females and also of these young adults to cosmetic blemishes posed oculoplastic related cases.
Family History of Rheumatic, Autoimmune, and Nonautoimmune Diseases and Risk of Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Kronzer Vanessa L. , Crowson Cynthia S. , Sparks Jeffrey A. , Myasoedova Elena , Davis John 
Published: December 2019

ObjectiveSince comorbidities such as autoimmune diseases may be associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) risk, we hypothesized that a family history of these other conditions might also predict RA. Therefore, we aimed to determine the association between family history of 79 comorbidities and RA.MethodsThis case–control study identified 821 cases of RA in the Mayo Clinic Biobank (positive predictive value 95%) and matched 3 controls to each case based on age, sex, recruitment year, and location. Patients self reported family history and characteristics (adjusted). Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for RA risk according to the presence of family history for each comorbidity, adjusted for body mass index, race, and smoking.ResultsFamily history of several conditions was associated with developing RA, including rheumatic autoimmune diseases (ORadj 1.89 [95% CI 1.41–2.52]), pulmonary fibrosis (ORadj 2.12 [95% CI 1.16–3.80]), inflammatory bowel disease (ORadj 1.45 [95% CI 1.05–1.98]), hyper/hypothyroidism (ORadj 1.34 [95% CI 1.10–1.63]), and obstructive sleep apnea (ORadj 1.28 [95% CI 1.05–1.55]). Parkinson’s disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus were associated with a statistically decreased risk of RA that did not reach the prespecified significance threshold of P < 0.01 (ORadj 0.70 [95% CI 0.49–0.98] and ORadj 0.81 [95% CI 0.67–0.97], respectively). Analyses among 143 cases of incident RA were similar and also suggested an association with a family history of autism (OR 10.5 [95% CI 2.51–71.3]).ConclusionFamily history of several autoimmune and nonautoimmune comorbidities was associated with increased risk of RA, providing an opportunity to identify novel populations at risk for RA.
Cu Intercalation and Br Doping to Thermoelectric SnSe2 Lead to Ultrahigh Electron Mobility and Temperature‐Independent Power Factor
Authors: Zhou Chongjian , Yu Yuan , Zhang Xiangzhao , Cheng Yudong , Xu Jingtao , Lee Yong Kyu , Yoo Byeongjun , Cojocaru‐Mirédin Oana , Liu Guiwu , Cho Sung‐Pyo , Wuttig Matthias , Hyeon Taeghwan , Chung In 
Published: December 2019

AbstractDue to its single conduction band nature, it is highly challenging to enhance the power factor of SnSe2 by band convergence. Here, it is reported that simultaneous Cu intercalation and Br doping induce strong Cu–Br interaction to connect SnSe2 layers, otherwise isolated, via “electrical bridges.” Atom probe tomography analysis confirms a strong attraction between Cu intercalants and Br dopants in the SnSe2 lattice. Density functional theory calculations reveal that this interaction delocalizes electrons confined around SnSe covalent bonds and enhances charge transfer across the SnSe2 slabs. These effects dramatically increase electron mobility and concentration. Polycrystalline SnCu0.005Se1.98Br0.02 shows even higher electron mobility than pristine SnSe2 single crystal and the theoretical expectation. This results in significantly improved electrical conductivity without reducing effective mass and Seebeck coefficient, thereby leading to the highest power factor of ≈12 µW cm−1 K−2 to date for polycrystalline SnSe2 and SnSe. It even surpasses the value for the state‐of‐the‐art n‐type SnSe0.985Br0.015 single crystal at elevated temperatures. Surprisingly, the achieved power factor is nearly independent of temperature ranging from 300 to 773 K. The engineering thermoelectric figure of merit ZTeng for SnCu0.005Se1.98Br0.02 is ≈0.25 between 773 and 300 K, the highest ZTeng ever reported for any form of SnSe2‐based thermoelectric materials.
The Quest for Zero Loss: Unconventional Materials for Plasmonics
Authors: Cortie Michael B. , Arnold Matthew D. , Keast Vicki J. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThere has been an ongoing quest to optimize the materials used to build plasmonic devices: first the elements were investigated, then alloys and intermetallic compounds, later semiconductors were considered, and, most recently, there has been interest in using more exotic materials such as topological insulators and conducting oxides. The quality of the plasmon resonances in these materials is closely correlated with their structure and properties. In general gold and silver are the most commonly specified materials for these applications but they do have weaknesses. Here, it is shown how, in specific circumstances, the selection of certain other materials might be more useful. Candidate alternatives include TixN, VO2, Al, Cu, Al‐doped ZnO, and Cu–Al alloys. The relative merits of these choices and the many pitfalls and subtle problems that arise are discussed, and a frank perspective on the field is provided.
Soft Hybrid Scaffold (SHS) Strategy for Realization of Ultrahigh Energy Density of Wearable Aqueous Supercapacitors
Authors: Shang Jian , Huang Qiyao , Wang Lei , Yang Yu , Li Peng , Zheng Zijian 
Published: December 2019

AbstractFuture wearable electronics requires safe and high‐energy‐density supercapacitors (SCs). Commercial SCs making use of organic electrolytes show high energy density, but the flammability of the electrolyte raises serious safety concerns. Aqueous SCs, on the other hand, are very safe, but the energy density is low due to the much narrower voltage window and the difficulty of fabricating thick electrodes. A new materials strategy named soft hybrid scaffold (SHS), which allows easy buildup of ultrathick electrodes made of 3D porous pseudo‐material‐modified carbon networks, is reported. The carbon network provides excellent mechanical stability and electric conductivity, the hierarchically porous structures ensure rapid ionic transport, and the pseudomaterials enlarge the electrochemical window. Asymmetric aqueous SCs using SHS electrodes show higher energy density than both commercial organic SCs and literature‐reported aqueous SCs, with good cycle life and mechanical flexibility. The aqueous SC device is tailorable, waterproof, and fire‐retardant, representing a high safety toward practical applications.
Mechanotunable Plasmonic Properties of Colloidal Assemblies
Authors: Brasse Yannic , Gupta Vaibhav , Schollbach H. C. Tomohiro , Karg Matthias , König Tobias A. F. , Fery Andreas 
Published: December 2019

AbstractNoble metal nanoparticles can absorb incident light very efficiently due to their ability to support localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs), collective oscillations of the free electron cloud. LSPRs lead to strong, nanoscale confinement of electromagnetic energy which facilitates applications in many fields including sensing, photonics, or catalysis. In these applications, damping of the LSPR caused by inter‐ and intraband transitions is a limiting factor due to the associated energy losses and line broadening. The losses and broad linewidth can be mitigated by arranging the particles into periodic lattices. Recent advances in particle synthesis, (self‐)assembly, and fabrication techniques allow for the realization of collective coupling effects building on various particle sizes, geometries, and compositions. Beyond assemblies on static substrates, by assembling or printing on mechanically deformable surfaces a modulation of the lattice periodicity is possible. This enables significant alteration and tuning of the optical properties. This progress report focuses on this novel approach for tunable spectroscopic properties with a particular focus on low‐cost and large‐area fabrication techniques for functional plasmonic lattices. The report concludes with a discussion of the perspectives for expanding the mechanotunable colloidal concept to responsive structures and flexible devices.
Robust Triboelectric Nanogenerator with Ratchet‐like Wheel‐Based Design for Harvesting of Environmental Energy
Authors: Gao Qi , Li Yikang , Xie Zhijie , Yang Weixiong , Wang Zheng , Yin Mengfei , Lu Xiaohui , Cheng Tinghai , Wang Zhong Lin 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn this study, a ratchet‐like wheel‐based and spring‐assisted sustainable triboelectric nanogenerator (RS‐TENG) is fabricated for an efficient harvesting of rotational motion. The multitooth structure of the ratchet‐like wheel and force of the spring are used to convert the rotational motion induced by mechanical energy in the environment (such as wind energy) into a reciprocating linear motion of the movable parts, making two triboelectric layers of each sub‐triboelectrification unit produce contact–separation motion to achieve power output. The power output of one subunit is ≈0.37 mW at a uniform speed of 60 rpm, and the power output can increase to 6.05 mW by parallel connection of six subunits. The RS‐TENG with parallel connection of six subunits exhibits an open‐circuit voltage of 320 V throughout the 8 h of continuous operation (≈345 600 contact–separation events), reflecting its excellent durability and robustness. The thermometer can be stably powered at a wind speed of 15.5 m s−1 by the rectifier circuit and a 330 µF commercial capacitor. The above experiments show that RS‐TENG can not only harvest the mechanical energy around the environment for self‐powered sensing, but also exhibit an improved output performance and outstanding robustness.
Iridium‐Catalyzed Cycloisomerization of Alkynoic Acids: Synthesis of Unsaturated Lactones
Authors: Huang Yi , Zhang Xianghe , Dong Xiu‐Qin , Zhang Xumu 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe iridium‐catalyzed cycloisomerization of various alkynoic acids was successfully developed, and a series of five‐, six‐, and especially seven‐membered unsaturated lactones were constructed with moderate yields and excellent regioselectivities (up to 68% yield, >99:1 rr). In addition, the indole compound can be easily prepared with 75% yield through this efficient synthetic methodology. Moreover, a plausible mechanism for this Ir‐catalyzed cycloisomerization of alkynoic acids was proposed.magnified image
Copper‐Catalyzed [3+2] Annulation of 2‐Arylidene‐1,3‐Indandiones with N‐Acetyl Enamides for the Synthesis of Spiropyrrolines
Authors: Duan Jindian , Mao Yiyang , Zhang Lei , Zhu Ning , Fang Zheng , Guo Kai 
Published: December 2019

AbstractA copper‐catalyzed intermolecular [3+2] annulation of 2‐arylidene‐1,3‐indandiones with N‐acetyl enamides has been developed to assemble spirocyclic pyrrolines, which are important building blocks for organic synthesis and drug discovery. This heteroannulation protocol tolerates various functional groups and proceeds in good to excellent yields. Mechanistic studies reveal that the reactions might involve radical processes.1‐Pyrrolines are important core structural constituents of numerous naturally occurring compounds and pharmaceuticals.[1] On the other hand, spiroindane‐1,3‐diones have been the focus of considerable attention due to their prevalence in many natural products that possess varied and extensive biological activities, which include antitumor, antibiotic,[2] and antiproliferative activity on HL60 and apoptosis resistant leukemia cell lines.[3] Accordingly, a number of synthetic strategies have been investigated to construct these skeletons.[4] Considering the biomedical importance of the two classes of compounds, the introduction of spiroindane‐1,3‐dione group into the pyrroline core structure may further broaden the utilization of these compounds and potentially benefit drug‐discovery efforts.[5]magnified image