bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Topping-off technique for stabilization of lumbar degenerative instabilities in 322 patients
Authors: Krieg Sandro M. , Balser Nele , Pape Haiko , Sollmann Nico , Albers Lucia , Meyer Bernhard 
Published: November 2019

OBJECTIVESemi-rigid instrumentation (SRI) was introduced to take advantage of the concept of load sharing in surgery for spinal stabilization. The authors investigated a topping-off technique in which interbody fusion is not performed in the uppermost motion segment, thus creating a smooth transition from stabilized to free motion segments. SRI using the topping-off technique also reduces the motion of the adjacent segments, which may reduce the risk of adjacent segment disease (ASD), a frequently observed sequela of instrumentation and fusion, but this technique may also increase the possibility of screw loosening (SL). In the present study the authors aimed to systematically evaluate reoperation rates, clinical outcomes, and potential risk factors and incidences of ASD and SL for this novel approach.METHODSThe authors collected data for the first 322 patients enrolled at their institution from 2009 to 2015 who underwent surgery performed using the topping-off technique. Reoperation rates, patient satisfaction, and other outcome measures were evaluated. All patients underwent pedicle screw–based semi-rigid stabilization of the lumbar spine with a polyetheretherketone (PEEK) rod system.RESULTSImplantation of PEEK rods during revision surgery was performed in 59.9% of patients. A median of 3 motion segments (range 1–5 segments) were included and a median of 2 motion segments (range 0–4 segments) were fused. A total of 89.4% of patients underwent fusion, 73.3% by transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF), 18.4% by anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF), 3.1% by extreme lateral interbody fusion (XLIF), 0.3% by oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF), and 4.9% by combined approaches in the same surgery. Combined radicular and lumbar pain according to a visual analog scale was reduced from 7.9 ± 1.0 to 4.0 ± 3.1, with 56.2% of patients indicating benefit from surgery. After maximum follow-up (4.3 ± 1.8 years), the reoperation rate was 16.4%.CONCLUSIONSThe PEEK rod concept including the topping-off principle seems safe, with at least average patient satisfaction in this patient group. Considering the low rate of first-tier surgeries, the presented results seem at least comparable to those of most other series. Follow-up studies are needed to determine long-term outcomes, particularly with respect to ASD, which might be reduced by the presented approach.
Using ICT as the Tools of Forming the Senior Pupils’ Research Competencies in the Profile Chemistry Learning of Elective Course “Basics of Quantitative Chemical Analysis
Authors: Нечипуренко Павло , Соловйов Володимир 
Published: November 2019

Nechypurenko P.P. and Solovyov V.M. Using ICT as the Tools of Forming the Senior Pupils’ Research Competencies in the Profile Chemistry Learning of Elective Course “Basics of Quantitative Chemical Analysis. Aims of the study: to substantiate possibilities of the research competencies formation among senior pupils in terms of profile Chemistry learning by means of practical using information and communicationtechnology while accomplishing an elective course “Basics of quantitative chemical analysis”. This research considers the influence of various ICT tools on the formation of individual study and research competencies, in particular the system components of the research competencies among senior pupils in terms of profile Chemistry learning and the methods of their practical applying while accomplishing an elective course “Basics of quantitative chemical analysis”. Object of the study: ICT tools for Chemistry learning. Subject of the study: ICT tools of research competencies formation among senior pupils in terms of profile Chemistry learning. Methods of the study: reviewing and analyzing scientific publications, expert evaluation, summarizing pedagogical experience. Results of the study: the system of research competencies formation among senior pupils is effectively provided by the correct selection of ICT tools and conditions of their applying for the certain research competence formation, which embodies system components.Our research confirms the idea that the most ICT tools are to be leading in the development of research competencies among senior pupils in profile Chemistry learning. They are successfully tested by means of their applying in the process of studying the elective course “Basics of Quantitative Chemical Analysis”. They show the high effectiveness. Our study confirms that virtual chemical laboratories are the most universal and influential tools of forminghe research competencies among senior pupils in profile Chemistry learning.
Conceptual Bases of Use of Free Software in the Professional Training of Pre-Service Teacher of Mathematics, Physics and Computer Science
Authors: Величко Владислав , Федоренко Олена , Кассім Дар'я 
Published: November 2019

Velichko V.Ye., Fedorenko O.G. and Kasím D.A. Conceptual Bases of Use of Free Software in the Professional Training of Pre-Service Teacher of Mathematics, Physics and Computer Science.
The development of education is associated primarily with the use of ICT. A significant experience is already gained in how to use educational computer systems while new forms and methods of learning based on modern information technology are being developed and used. In relation to free software, a period when the quantity should translate into quality and an indicator of such translation is development of the concept of the introduction of free software in educational activities of universities. The proposed concept, let’s take Ukraine as an example, determines the main aim of introduction of free software in the training of pre-service of Mathematics, Physics and Computer Science; defines the objectives, measures, principles, the role and value of free software in the informatization process and results of its implementation.
Stages of Conceptualization and Formalization in the Design of the Model of the Neuro-Fuzzy Expert System of Professional Selection of Pupils
Authors: Буяк Богдан , Цідило Іван , Репський Віктор , Лялюк Віталій 
Published: November 2019

Buyak B.B., Tsidilo I.M., Repskiy V.Í. and Lyalyuk V.P. Stages of Conceptualization and Formalization in the Design of the Model of the Neuro-Fuzzy Expert System of Professional Selection of Pupils.
The article describes the problem of designing a neuro-fuzzy expert system of professional selection at the stages of conceptualization and formalization, which involves the definition of concepts, relationships and management mechanisms necessary to describe the solution of problems in the chosen subject field. The structural model of the decision making system for determining the professional selection of students for training in IT specialties is substantiated. Three subsystems are proposed as structural components for studying: psychological peculiarities, personal qualities, factual knowledge, abilities and skills of students. The quality of the system’s operation is determined by the use of various techniques for acquiring knowledge on the basis of which the knowledge base of the neuro-fuzzy system and the combination of the use of fuzzy and stochastic data will be formed.
Usage of E-learning Tools in Self-education of Government Officers Involved in Global Trade Activities
Authors: Трякіна Ольга , Павленко Олена , Волкова Наталія , Кассім Дар'я 
Published: November 2019

Triakina O.O., Pavlenko O.O., Volkova N.P., Kasim D.O. Usage of E-learning Tools in Self-education of Government Officers Involved in Global Trade Activities.
The article concerns the issue of e-learning tools implementation, including the Customs Learning and Knowledge Community electronic platform designed by the World Customs Organization and the TradeFacilitation Implementation Guide case studies collected by the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, into the self-education process of current government employees (within in-service training) and future public officers (within master’s programs) connected with international trade transactions. The authors give a description of the content and characteristical features of existing e-learning instruments related to training of professionals in Customs and trade fields as well as of certain tasks developed by the authors. The efficiency of the abovementioned e-learning tools has been experimentally proved in the paper, which has shown that these tools promote the growth of the professional competence of government officers and give a great opportunity for them to be involved in life-long learning to acquire various professional knowledge and skills
Deﬁning the Structure of Environmental Competence of Future Mining Engineers: ICT Approach
Authors: Моркун Володимир , Семеріков Сергій , Моркун Наталія , Грищенко Світлана , Ків Арнольд 
Published: November 2019

Morkun S.V., Semerikov S.O., Morkun N.V., Hryshchenko S.M. and Kiv A.E. Deﬁning the Structure of Environmental Competence of Future Mining Engineers: ICT Approach. The object is to the reasonable selection of the ICT tools for formation of ecological competence. Pressing task is constructive and research approach to preparation of future engineers to performance of professional duties in order to make them capable to develop engineering projects independently and exercise control competently. Subject of research: the theoretical justiﬁcation of competence system of future mining engineers. Methods: source analysis on the problem of ecological competence formation. Results: deﬁning the structure of environmental competence of future mining engineers. Conclusion: the relevance of the material covered in the article, due to the need to ensure the eﬀectiveness of the educational process in the preparation of the future mining engineers.
Augmented Reality: Ukrainian Present Business and Future Education
Authors: Мінтій Ірина , Соловйов Володимир 
Published: November 2019

Mintii I.S. and Soloviev V.N. Augmented Reality: Ukrainian Present Business and Future Education.
The aim of the study: analysis of the current state and prospects for the development of augmented reality in Ukraine in business and education. The objectives of the study: to analyze the experience of using the augmented reality in advertising, marketing, education of Ukraine; to investigate the problems existing in this direction. The object of the study: the process of using augmented reality in advertising, marketing, education. The subject of the study: specific projects using the augmented reality in advertising, marketing, education. The used method of study was theoretical that included analysis of articles and materials of conferences on the research problem. The results of the study: nowadays, the augmented reality is used primarily in the field of advertising and marketing of Ukraine. As an example is the advertisement of Kyivstar (virtual tour around Ukraine, augmented reality quest), some of the Ukrainian companies have certain results in in this direction, for example, Augmented Pixels, Simo AR (in the development of a browser with augmented reality, the Kontramarka ticket service is implemented), Live Animations (such projects as Wonderland AR, My Yeti, Live Coloring, Gapchinska, Live Photo are already implemented). Among the problems that exist with the introduction of these technologies in education, first of all, we should note the shortage of specialists in the preparation of such educational projects and the uncoordinated actions of business and education in this direction. Main conclusions and recommendations: in order to disseminate research results it is necessary to hold thematic events of the all-Ukrainian level.
Brandis the Forgotten Botanist
Authors: Mann Michael , Schultz Matthias 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Generally, Dietrich Brandis is remembered as the first Inspector General of Forests in British India. However, before he left Europe, he had a university education as a biologist and botanist as well as geographer. After various affiliations with the University of Bonn he became Forest Inspector of Burma through his wife's connections with the British Indian imperial administration. Despite his groundbreaking work as a forester, Brandis however never stopped working as a botanist. The Herbarium Brandis, since his death kept at the University of Hamburg as part of the botanical collections, comprises more than 19,000 sheets. It is one of the most comprehensive collections on South Asian flora. This article tries to highlight Brandis' role as a botanist.
Significant association of thrombocytopenia with chronic active hepatitis B virus infection in a tertiary care hospital of an intermediate prevalence HBV country
Authors: Merza Muayad A , Taha Sagvan Kareem , Ibrahim Sara Muhsin , Sadeeq Ahmed Tayar , Abdulrahman Mahabad R 
Published: November 2019

Thrombocytopenia is a relatively uncommon extra-hepatic manifestation of uncomplicated chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. This study has two aims: to assess the prevalence of thrombocytopenia in non-cirrhotic patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB); and to determine the association of certain variables with thrombocytopenia in Duhok province. It is a case control study conducted in Azadi Teaching Hospital during June 2016 - May 2019. Chronic active hepatitis B was defined according to the following parameters: the presence of detectable hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in the blood longer than six months, positive or negative HBeAg, HBV-DNA level >2000 IU/ml, elevated ALT, and/or at least moderate histopathological fibrosis. Thrombocytopenia was defined as platelet counts below 150,000/μl. The obtained results were analyzed by entering data into Microsoft Excel 2010. A total of 379 CHB patients and 200 cases as control were enrolled in this study. Their mean ages were 33.62 ± 14.48 and 40.72 ± 18.56 for HBV and control cases, respectively. There were 236 (62.27%) males in the HBV patients and 109 (54.50%) males in the control group. Comparing both groups, significant association was found between HBV and younger age, cigarette smoking, and alcohol consumption. Chronic active hepatitis B without liver cirrhosis was strongly associated with an increased rate of thrombocytopenia. This finding is paramount as it is statistically significant (P = 0.042). Significant association with younger age and Syrian nationality was found more in CHB patients with thrombocytopenia compared to non-thrombocytopenic. In conclusion, chronic active hepatitis B is strongly associated with thrombocytopenia. As hypersplenism resulting from liver cirrhosis was excluded in our patients, the cause of thrombocytopenia is due to other mechanisms. Therefore, it is important to consider CHB in the differential diagnosis of patients presenting with isolated thrombocytopenia. Older age and Syrian nationality were predictors for developing thrombocytopenia in chronic active HBV infection.
Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2019, 5(3): 207-211
Visual outcome after cataract surgery in a tertiary eye hospital of Chittagong district, Bangladesh
Authors: Ferdosh Jannat Ul , Uddin Mezbah , Husain Rajib 
Published: November 2019

To evaluate the visual outcome in patients who have had their cataract surgery in a tertiary hospital of Chittagong district in Bangladesh. This is a clinic-based study of consecutive cataract-operated patients who had age-related cataract with vision less than <6/60 before surgery. A total of 228 patients who visited the hospital and met the eligibility criteria were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 62.46± 10.14 years and 134 (58.8%) were female. A total of 456 surgeries were performed on 228 patients. The most common procedure was small incision cataract surgery (SICS) with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation, operated in 422(92.5%) eyes. Among cataract-operated eyes, 290 (64%) had presenting vision >6/18 and <6/60 were found in 11 (2.4%) eyes. In most of the cases, visual acuity has improved after best correction as the percentages with the best correction were 402(88%) and 7(1.55%) respectively. Analysis of multiple logistic regression shows that patient’s older age (OR 9.101; 95% CI 3.331, 24.869), gender female (OR 2.374 CI 1.403, 4.017), literacy (OR 1.660; CI 1.009, 2.733) and SICS surgery technique (OR 3.540; CI1.298, 9.659) were significantly associated with poor visual outcome. Overall, this study demonstrates that cataract surgery can restore good visual acuity. However, the visual outcome needs to be improved to meet the WHO standard, and more attention should be directed towards monitoring of outcomes and correction of refractive error after cataract surgery.
Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2019, 5(3): 212-218
A new mechanism controlling conduction in stretched myelinated nerves and a comprehensive nerve conduction model
Authors: Rabbani K Siddique E 
Published: November 2019

Analysing published experimental findings this paper revealed that for myelinated nerves the conduction velocity (CV) increases on stretching out of the nerve, which has not been pointed out by anyone before. This apparently contradicts existing concepts since stretching out of a nerve fibre reduces its diameter which is expected to reduce the CV. Besides, the change is reversible and immediate, which cannot be explained with existing knowledge either. In order to explain this anomaly, the present work invoked a new resistance to ion flow between the nerve axon and the extracellular fluid created by interdigitated fingerlike processes of myelin sheaths coming from two sides of a node of Ranvier, analyzing published electron microscopic images. When stretched out, the gaps between the processes increase, decreasing the resistance to ion flow and thereby hastening depolarization, increasing CV in turn. The gaps close immediately on the release of the stretching force because of the pull of the elastic endoneurium, thus retrieving the original CV. To represent this new mechanism, a new resistive element has been added to the existing electrical model of a myelinated nerve, which is being claimed to be the dominant component that determines the conduction delay. Stretching also affects other nerve parameters and this paper developed a mathematical formulation involving all these parameters to show satisfactorily that CV indeed increases with stretching, in which the contribution of the proposed resistance dominates. The paper also proposed an appropriate modification of the representative schematic model commonly used to depict propagation of action potential in a myelinated nerve fibre. The suggested new mechanism and the resistance model is a breakthrough in the explanation of neural conduction and opens up the door for new study as well as for reviewing all previous experiments on myelinated nerves afresh.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Physics Vol.11 No.1 2018 P 38-56
Religion, Ethnicity, and Race in Finnish Legal Cases on Insults Against Religion
Authors: Äystö Tuomas 
Published: November 2019

This article scrutinizes the Finnish religious insults and the related legal practice during the 21st century. It examines how the Office of the Prosecutor General, the courts, as well as the defendants construct the category of religion – i.e. that, which is a target of a special protection – and how the discourses on ethnicity and race play a part in that process. It is found, that ways in which the defendants construct the targeted groups with terms considered to be about religion, ethnicity or race affects the ways the officials construct these groups. This includes the practical abolishment of the formal category of religion, found in the letter of law, in favour of the popular one. Furthermore, it is argued, that while being part of the established religion discourse improves the chances for benefitting from the religious insult legislation, the said law, applied quite inconsistently, is found to be relatively ineffective avenue for groups seeking justice amid speech or actions considered to be religiously offending. More generally, the article demonstrates that the discursive study of religion can benefit from a perspective where empirically nearby categories (such as ethnicity and race) are incorporated into the analysis.
PENGARUH STRATEGI POW+TREE TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN MENULIS PARAGRAF
Authors: Dina Hidayatul 
Published: November 2019

POW+TREE Strategy helps students write and develop ideas easily. However, not all of the students were able to write text types. The objective of this research to find out whether there is a significant effect of POW+TREE Strategy towards students’ writing ability of the students at SDN 169 Pekanbaru. This research was experimental research which had two classes experimental class and control class. This research focused on writing the next paragraph. The researcher applied the POW+TREE Strategy in the experimental class. While in control class the researcher did not apply the strategy. Further, the researchers gave two tests for the students, pre and post-test. Then, the researchers gave pretest before giving the treatment. And then, the researchers gave post-test after applied the treatment in the experimental class. The result of students’ score in the control class was, the researchers got a mean score of pre-test was 46.17. While, in post-test, the researcher got a mean score was 60.67. However, the researcher got the students’ mean score in the experimental class was 49.5. After the researchers applied the POW+TREE Strategy, the mean score of students become 65.50. Thus, there was an increase in students score after using the strategy. Based on the researchers’ analysis by using SPSS 22.0 program by using Kolmogorov-Smirnov, the researchers got a significant test was 0.05. it was same as the standard significant. In brief, there was a significant effect of POW+TREE Strategy towards students’ writing ability of the students at SDN 169 Pekanbaru.
Varia
Authors: Hamp Eric P. 
Published: November 2019

36. A propos du suffixe de gaul. barnaunom. —
37. Origine du doublet v. irl. fén (m.) / fénae (f.) «chariot». —
38. Étymologie et classement de formation du bret. bern «tas». — 39. Sur la mutation observée dans bret. dour zomm «eau chaude», leur zi «sol de la maison».
Documenti sull’attività di produzione e di scambio nelle prime fasi della romanizzazione dell'Ager Mutinensis
Authors: Giordani Nicoletta 
Published: November 2019

Nicoletta Giordani, Documents sur l’activité de production et d’échange pendant les premières phases de la romanisation de l’Ager Mutinensis
Les fouilles récentes du territoire au sud de Mutina (Modène) indiquent la présence précoce, dès la fin du IIIe siècle avant J.-C., alors que cette zone était encore sous le contrôle des Boïens, d’élément romains ou romanisés, liée probablement à la florissante foire ovine panitalique des Campi Macri.
L’existence de cet ancien marché, d’origine sans doute protohistorique, et de son réseau de communications, a dû jouer un rôle décisif dans l’implantation locale d’imposants complexes «industriels», d’un haut niveau technique. Explorés depuis peu à Formigine, Magreta et Maranello, ils fabriquaient des produits en terre cuite dont l’identification reste incertaine et peuvent être datés du IIe-Ier siècle avant J.-C.
The solar year in the Calendar of Coligny
Authors: McCluskey Stephen C. 
Published: November 2019

The solar year in the Calendar of Coligny
The Calendar of Coligny provides the earliest written evidence for Celtic calendric practice. Yet as written, it does not conform to a true solar year. A thorough examination of the calendar reveals a hitherto unnoticed pattern of pairs of notations beginning “PRI...” that divide the solar year into quarters. The four dates involved in these quarter divisions (2 Rivros, 4 Cutios, 2 Equos and 4 Cantlos) may mark either the Celtic mid-quarters feasts or the solstices and equinoxes. This strongly suggests that at one stage in its development the calendar was synchronized empirically by solar observations, which were probably made or announced at ceremonial, trading, or political assemblies at the quarters of the year.