bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BRUP‐1, an intracellular bilirubin modulator, exerts neuroprotective activity in a cellular Parkinson’s disease model
Authors: Kataura Tetsushi , Saiki Shinji , Ishikawa Kei‐ichi , Akamatsu Wado , Sasazawa Yukiko , Hattori Nobutaka , Imoto Masaya 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBilirubin, the end product of heme redox metabolism, has cytoprotective properties and is an essential metabolite associated with cardiovascular disease, inflammatory bowel disease, type 2 diabetes, and neurodegenerative diseases including Parkinson's disease (PD). PD is characterized by progressive degeneration of nigral dopaminergic neurons and is associated with elevated oxidative stress due to mitochondrial dysfunction. In this study, using a ratiometric bilirubin probe, we revealed that the mitochondrial inhibitor, rotenone, which is widely used to create a PD model, significantly decreased intracellular bilirubin levels in HepG2 cells. Chemical screening showed that BRUP‐1 was a top hit that restored cellular bilirubin levels that were lowered by rotenone. We found that BRUP‐1 up‐regulated the expression level of heme oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1), one of the rate‐limiting enzyme of bilirubin production via nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation. In addition, we demonstrated that this Nrf2 activation was due to a direct inhibition of the interaction between Nrf2 and Kelch‐like ECH‐associated protein 1 (Keap1) by BRUP‐1. Both HO‐1 up‐regulation and bilirubin restoration by BRUP‐1 treatment were significantly abrogated by Nrf2 silencing. In neuronal PC12D cells, BRUP‐1 also activated the Nrf2‐HO‐1 axis and increased bilirubin production, resulted in the suppression of neurotoxin‐induced cell death, reactive oxygen species production, and protein aggregation, which are hallmarks of PD. Furthermore, BRUP‐1 showed neuroprotective activity against rotenone‐treated neurons derived from induced pluripotent stem cells. These findings provide a new member of Keap1‐Nrf2 direct inhibitors and suggest that chemical modulation of heme metabolism using BRUP‐1 may be beneficial for PD treatment.
image
Contemporary nursing graduates’ transition to practice: A critical review of transition models
Authors: Graf Amanda C. , Jacob Elisabeth , Twigg Diane , Nattabi Barbara 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAim and objectiveTo critically review contemporary transition theories to determine how they apply to the newly qualified graduate registered nurse programmes.BackgroundGraduate nurse transition to employment is the time of significant change which has resulted in high attrition rates. Graduates are often challenged by their expectation of nursing practice and the reality of the role. The transition from hospital‐based training to university‐based training has resulted in the need for primary employment to commence with graduate/orientation/internship programmes to help support new graduates transition into clinical practice. One transition model, Duchscher's stages of transition theory, utilised three former theories to develop a final model.DesignA narrative critical literature review.MethodThe theories selected for the review were Kramer's reality shock theory, Benner's novice to expert theory, Bridges transition theory and Duchscher's stages of transition theory.ConclusionDuchscher's stages of transition theory reflects the experiences of registered nursing transition into the workforce directly from university. The application of the theory is effective to guide understanding of the current challenges that new graduate nurse's experience today. There is a need for new graduates to complete their university degree as advanced beginners in order to decrease the experience of transition shock and keep pace with rapidly changing demands of the clinical environment. This may be achieved by increasing ward‐based simulation in university education. A theoretical framework can provide a deep understanding of the various stages and processes of transition and enable development of successful programmes.Relevance to clinical practiceBoth universities and hospitals need to adapt their current practice to align with the needs of new graduates due to large student numbers and ongoing systematic advancements to decrease the attrition rate.
Evaluation of the TRANSITION tool to improve communication during older patients’ care transitions: Healthcare practitioners’ perspectives
Authors: Allen Jacqueline , Hutchinson Alison M. , Brown Rhonda , Livingston Patricia M. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAimsTo evaluate healthcare practitioners’ perceptions of the feasibility and acceptability of a communication tool, entitled the TRANSITION tool, to communicate with older patients during transition from acute care to a community setting.BackgroundTransitional care for older patients is challenging due to their complex care needs and rapid care transitions. Research has identified effective models of transitional care. However, optimal communication between healthcare practitioners and older patients remains under‐investigated.DesignExploratory descriptive qualitative design.MethodsThe methods are reported using the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Studies checklist. The setting comprised two acute medical wards in an urban hospital in Australia. Twenty‐two nursing and allied healthcare practitioners used the TRANSITION tool to guide communication about transitional care with an older patient and then participated in an interview about their experience of using the tool. All data were thematically analysed.FindingsHealthcare practitioners reported their perceptions that the TRANSITION tool was feasible and acceptable, and that they perceived the tool supported them to know what to ask and to find out information regarding their patient's transitional care needs. Some ward‐based nurses reported their perception that transitional care was not their role.ConclusionsFindings emphasise transitional care as a continuing care process that requires effective communication between nurses and older patients in acute medical wards.Relevance to clinical practiceGiven shorter lengths of stay, complex care needs and slow recovery, ward‐based nurses are vital in communicating with older patients about their transitional care needs. The TRANSITION tool may support communication between ward‐based nurses and older patients to improve assessment and planning. Implementation of the tool will require a planned strategy to facilitate translation of the tool into routine practice of ward‐based nurses to support their roles during older patients’ care transitions.
The “Last of the Ordinary Sundays”: How to Prepare for the Air War
Authors: Mair Kimberly 
Published: March 2020

AbstractHow did instructions for war preparations change the contours of the household in Britain during the Second World War? How were readers of instructional leaflets positioned in relation to the presumed safety of the household and the nation? To illustrate the range of imperative instructions that circulated before and during the war, as well as anxious air war anticipation, this piece draws from home front imperatives communicated through a variety of sources, including pre‐war and wartime instructional leaflets, posters, and other literature to demonstrate their reach into the most minute aspects of everyday life to establish a productive link between habit and care.
Artificial intelligence as the next step towards precision pathology
Authors: Acs B. , Rantalainen M. , Hartman J. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPathology is the cornerstone of cancer care. The need for accuracy in histopathologic diagnosis of cancer is increasing as personalized cancer therapy requires accurate biomarker assessment. The appearance of digital image analysis holds promise to improve both the volume and precision of histomorphological evaluation. Recently, machine learning, and particularly deep learning, has enabled rapid advances in computational pathology. The integration of machine learning into routine care will be a milestone for the healthcare sector in the next decade, and histopathology is right at the centre of this revolution. Examples of potential high‐value machine learning applications include both model‐based assessment of routine diagnostic features in pathology, and the ability to extract and identify novel features that provide insights into a disease. Recent groundbreaking results have demonstrated that applications of machine learning methods in pathology significantly improves metastases detection in lymph nodes, Ki67 scoring in breast cancer, Gleason grading in prostate cancer and tumour‐infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) scoring in melanoma. Furthermore, deep learning models have also been demonstrated to be able to predict status of some molecular markers in lung, prostate, gastric and colorectal cancer based on standard HE slides. Moreover, prognostic (survival outcomes) deep neural network models based on digitized HE slides have been demonstrated in several diseases, including lung cancer, melanoma and glioma. In this review, we aim to present and summarize the latest developments in digital image analysis and in the application of artificial intelligence in diagnostic pathology.
Dividend policy and capital structure of a defaultable firm
Authors: Tse Alex S. L. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractDefault risk significantly affects the corporate policies of a firm. We develop a model in which a limited liability entity subject to default at an exponential random time jointly sets its dividend policy and capital structure to maximize the expected lifetime utility from consumption of risk‐averse equity investors. We give a complete characterization of the solution to the singular stochastic control problem. The optimal policy involves paying dividends to keep the ratio of firm's equity value to investors' wealth below a critical threshold. Dividend payout acts as a precautionary channel to transfer wealth from the firm to investors for mitigation of losses in the event of default. Higher the default risk, more aggressively the firm leverages and pays dividends.
Carbon sink strength of nodules but not other organs modulates photosynthesis of faba bean (Vicia faba) grown under elevated [CO2] and different water supply
Authors: Parvin Shahnaj , Uddin Shihab , Tausz‐Posch Sabine , Armstrong Roger , Tausz Michael 
Published: March 2020

Summary

Photosynthetic stimulation by elevated [CO2] (e[CO2]) may be limited by the capacity of sink organs to use photosynthates. In many legumes, N2‐fixing symbionts in root nodules provide an additional sink, so that legumes may be better able to profit from e[CO2]. However, drought not only constrains photosynthesis but also the size and activity of sinks, and little is known about the interaction of e[CO2] and drought on carbon sink strength of nodules and other organs.

To compare carbon sink strength, faba bean was grown under ambient (400 ppm) or elevated (700 ppm) atmospheric [CO2] and subjected to well‐watered or drought treatments, and then exposed to 13C pulse‐labelling using custom‐built chambers to track the fate of new photosynthates.

Drought decreased 13C uptake and nodule sink strength, and this effect was even greater under e[CO2], and was associated with an accumulation of amino acids in nodules. This resulted in decreased N2 fixation, and increased accumulation of new photosynthates (13C/sugars) in leaves, which in turn can feed back on photosynthesis.

Our study suggests that nodule C sink activity is key to avoid sink limitation in legumes under e[CO2], and legumes may only be able to achieve greater C gain if nodule activity is maintained.
How does council–manager conflict affect managerial turnover intention? The role of job embeddedness and cooperative context
Authors: Liao Yuguo , Sun Rusi 
Published: March 2020

AbstractTurnover intention is an important yet underexamined concept in local government studies. Although the association between council–manager conflict and managerial turnover intention is well documented, the underlying mechanisms have not yet been elucidated. This study fills this research gap by analysing two variables in the relationship: organizational job embeddedness and cooperative context. Results from partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS‐SEM) reveal that organizational job embeddedness mediates the link between task conflict and managerial turnover intention. The results also indicate that a cooperative context can moderate the negative indirect relationship between council–manager task conflict and managerial turnover intention.
Anesthetic considerations in children with Hutchinson‐Gilford progeria syndrome: A narrative review
Authors: Nijs Kristof , Van de Velde Marc , Hoogma Danny 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundHutchinson‐Gilford progeria syndrome is a rare disease in childhood that results in premature aging. The presence of multisystem derangements including skin, bone, and joint diseases and possibly a difficult airway makes the anesthetic management challenging. Because of the extremely low prevalence, experience is limited even for experienced pediatric anesthesiologists.ObjectiveTo review the available literature on anesthesia for patients with Hutchinson‐Gilford progeria syndrome and to give recommendations for establishing the best practice for patients with Hutchinson‐Gilford progeria syndrome.DesignA narrative review of the rare existing literature.Date sourcesCENTRAL (Cochrane), EMBASE, Google Scholar, MEDLINE and PubMed.Eligibility criteriaArticles addressing anesthesia in patients with Hutchinson‐Gilford progeria syndrome were included.ResultsAn overview of the current literature was made on anesthesia care for patients with Hutchinson‐Gilford progeria syndrome. After screening the literature, only ten articles were found to be of interest and include some case reports and a correspondence. The focus points on how to perform anesthesia care in patients with Hutchinson‐Gilford progeria syndrome and the entire perioperative care are suggested. The available data are limited and results need to be interpreted with caution.ConclusionThe patients with Hutchinson‐Gilford progeria syndrome are not just “frail” patients. Awareness concerning intubation difficulties is mandatory, and airway strategies must be addressed in advance. Although these patients present with the physiology of an elderly with accompanying comorbidities, emotionally they are only children and should be approached as such.
More than just a product: Strengthening literature in sociological analysis
Authors: Váňa Jan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractContemporary sociology of literature is predominantly shaped by the research of literary production, which approaches literary works as black boxes and subordinates them to social interactions and institutions. Even sociologists who recognize usefulness of literature for its inner quality often look at literary texts as mere passive objects to be translated into sociological discourse. In proposing anew sociology of literature, I first briefly outline the history of sociological studies of literature; second, I introduce “the state of the art” in the sociology of literature; third, I explore the relationship between sociology and literature in more general terms; and lastly, I discuss approaches and ideas with the potential to become components of a new research program, which would be a powerful alternative to the mainstream paradigms in sociological studies of literature. Such a program would make it clear that sociology can greatly benefit from cooperation with literature when sociologists are sensitive to the subtleties and (especially aesthetic) specificities of literary works.
Impacts of tangible and intangible elements of Aid for Trade on the globalisation of developing countries
Authors: Lee Hyo Won , Kim Youngwan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe Aid for Trade initiative was launched by the WTO in 2005 to help developing countries build their supply‐side capacity and trade‐related infrastructure to improve their capacity in the global market. This study investigates the impacts of both the tangible and intangible elements of this initiative on the economic, social and political globalisation of recipient countries. Intangible elements of Aid for Trade (aid for trade policy and regulation) may be considered as the software of Aid for Trade, while tangible elements (aid for economic infrastructure and building productive capacity) are the hardware. Countries that receive Aid for Trade can use both types of elements to succeed in globalisation. This research hypothesises that the tangible elements of Aid for Trade have a singular effect on the overall level of globalisation since they are expected to only increase the level of economic globalisation. Moreover, we expect that the intangible elements of Aid for Trade will have multiple effects on the overall level of globalisation as they have an impact on not only economic aspects but also social and political aspects of it. Using the dataset of Aid for Trade from 2002 to 2015, we find that the intangible elements of Aid for Trade have increased the recipients' level of overall globalisation.
The trade facilitation impact of the Chinese diaspora
Authors: Martínez‐Zarzoso Inmaculada , Rudolf Robert 
Published: March 2020

AbstractUsing an enhanced data set on the population share of overseas Chinese in 1970 and 1990, this paper analyses the impact of the Chinese diaspora on facilitating China's bilateral trade during the period 1973–2013. Our findings suggest substantial trade creation effects resulting from the presence of ethnic Chinese in the trade partner population. Diaspora impacts on Chinese bilateral imports are in general higher than those found for exports. Coethnic networks play a larger role as long as the partner country does not have an RTA with China in place. Among export sectors, effects found were strongest for food, as well as for machinery and transport equipment. In regard to imports, coethnic networks matter mostly for raw materials, machinery and transport equipment, and chemicals.
Diagnosis of canine renal lymphoma by cytology and flow cytometry of the urine
Authors: Witschen Patrice M. , Sharkey Leslie C. , Seelig Davis M. , Granick Jennifer L. , Dykstra Jaclyn A. , Carlson Tim W. , Motschenbacher Laura O. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractLymphoma is a common hematopoietic neoplasm of dogs. A definitive diagnosis typically requires the collection of samples via fine‐needle aspirate or biopsy. A unique case of canine renal T‐cell lymphoma diagnosed using urine sediment microscopy with flow cytometry and PCR for Antigen Receptor Rearrangement (PARR) is presented. A fresh urine sample was collected via a urinary catheter and immediately prepared for cytologic examination, flow cytometry, and PARR. The flow cytometric study revealed that 83% of the cells were large CD3+CD8+ T cells, while PARR identified a clonally rearranged T‐cell receptor gene, supporting the flow cytometry findings. Despite supportive care, the patient progressed to anuric renal failure and was humanely euthanized. A necropsy was performed, and tissues from the upper and lower urinary tracts were collected. Histologically, the right and left kidneys were infiltrated by a neoplastic round cell population effacing the cortex and medulla. Immunohistochemistry for the T‐ and B‐cell antigens CD3 and CD20, respectively, revealed that the neoplastic population within the kidney demonstrated diffuse, strong, membranous to intracytoplasmic CD3 expression while lacking CD20 expression. These results confirmed the diagnosis of renal T‐cell lymphoma. This is the first known report of canine lymphoma diagnosed using either urine flow cytometry or clonality testing. Therefore, in select cases, urine flow cytometry and/or PARR are feasible to perform on urine‐derived cells as a quick and cost‐effective means to aid in the diagnosis of urinary tract lymphoma.
The Static Instability Characteristics of Labyrinth Seals: Experiments and Computational Fluid Dynamics Verification
Authors: Zhang Wanfu , Ma Kai , Cao Hao , Wang Tengxi , Yang Jiangang , Li Chun 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The paper proposed an experimental measurement to identify the fluid-induced force and static stiffness coefficients. A three-dimensional fluid model of the labyrinth seals was also established. And the static characteristics under different eccentricities and inlet pressure were studied. Theoretical results show a good agreement with the experiment results. The labyrinth seal with different eccentricity ratios produces a de-centered fluid-induced force and a negative direct static stiffness, which cause the rotor deviating from the geometric center of the stator. Both the fluid-induced force and negative direct static stiffness coefficient with a value of −13.5 kN/m to −72 kN/m increase with increasing eccentricity and inlet pressure. Particularly, the direct static stiffness coefficient shows a relatively significant increase with a high eccentricity ratio (∼&gt;40%). The static instability is mainly due to the fact that the fluid velocity in the small clearance increases more rapidly along the leakage path. The inertial force is increased significantly and the pressure decreases. This results in a greater pressure distribution in the larger clearance. The fluid force and direct static stiffness coefficient that tend to push the rotor away from the stator center are produced, and eventually lead to the static instability of the labyrinth seal.
Deploying a Mini-CEM System at the Hampton/NASA Steam Plant
Authors: Austin John S. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The Hampton/NASA Steam Plant embarked on a project to replace the 16 year old emission monitors for the facility’s two refuse fired boiler units. The challenge was to install monitors that could fully meet the current EPA requirements while providing continuous monitoring with less than a one minute response time. The facility installed two Land FGA 930e analyzers close coupled to the outlet duct of the economizer. The sample conditioning system installed has enabled reliable operation while protecting the analyzers. The analyzers passed the initial RATA at the first try, and have been performing well over six months of operation. The total costs for the project was $75,800.