bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neurosurgical enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) programme for elective craniotomies: are patients satisfied with their experiences? A quantitative and qualitative analysis
Authors: Liu Bolin , Liu Shujuan , Wang Yuan , Zhao Binfang , Zhao Tianzhi , Zhao Lanfu , Lv Wenhai , Zhang Yufu , Zheng Tao , Xue Yafei , Chen Lei , Chen Long , Wu Yingxi , Gao Guodong , Qu Yan , He Shiming 
Published: November 2019

ObjectiveTo evaluate patient satisfaction and associated predictors at discharge, as well as patient experience at 30-day follow-up, in a neurosurgical enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) programme.DesignA single-centre, prospective, randomised controlled study.SettingA tertiary hospital in China.ParticipantsA total of 140 neurosurgical patients aged 18–65 years old who had a single intracranial lesion and were admitted for elective craniotomy between October 2016 and July 2017 were included.InterventionsPatients were randomised into two groups: 70 patients received care according to a novel neurosurgical ERAS protocol (ERAS group) and 70 patients received conventional perioperative care (control group).Outcome measuresPatient satisfaction at discharge was evaluated using a multimodal questionnaire. A secondary analysis of patient experience regarding participation in the ERAS programme was conducted using a semistructured qualitative interview via telephone at 30-day follow-up.ResultsThe mean patient satisfaction was significantly higher in the ERAS group than in the control group at discharge (92.2±4.3 vs 86.8±7.4, p=0.0001). The most important predictors of patient satisfaction included age (OR=6.934), postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score (OR=0.184), absorbable skin suture (OR=0.007) and postoperative length of stay (LOS) (OR=0.765). Analysis on patient experience revealed five themes: information transfer, professional support, shared responsibility and active participation, readiness for discharge, and follow-up, all of which are closely related and represent positive and negative aspects.ConclusionsMeasures that include decreasing PONV VAS score, incorporating absorbable skin suture and shortening LOS seem to increase patient satisfaction in a neurosurgical ERAS programme. Analysis of data on patient experience highlights several aspects to achieve patient-centred and high-quality care. Further studies are warranted to standardise the assessment of patient satisfaction and experience in planning, employing and appraising the ERAS programme.Trial registration numberChiCTR-INR-16009662.
Mortality trends of liver diseases in mainland China over three decades: an age-period-cohort analysis
Authors: Sun Yang , Chang Jie , Liu Xin , Liu Chaojie 
Published: November 2019

ObjectiveTo analyse mortality trends of liver diseases in China over the past 30 years.DesignAge-period-cohort analyses were applied to liver diseases data obtained from the Chinese Health Statistics Annual Report (1987–2001) and the Chinese Health Statistics Yearbook (2003–2017).SettingGeneral population in mainland China.OutcomesMortality rates and age, period and cohort effects on three categories of liver diseases: primary liver cancer (PLC), chronic liver disease and cirrhosis (CLD), and viral hepatitis (VH).ResultsA total of 13.54 million deaths were attributable to liver diseases over the period between 1987 and 2016, resulting in an average of 36.15 deaths per 100 000 population per year. The risk of PLC mortality increased by 32.69% over the period after controlling for the effects of age and birth cohort. By contrast, the risk of CLD mortality decreased by 56.64% over the same period. The risk of VH mortality decreased first, followed by a resurgence after the period of 2002–2006. Similar mortality risk trends by age (increasing) and birth cohort (decreasing) were observed for PLC and CLD. The year 1952 represented a turning point for VH, with people born after 1950 experiencing a declining risk of VH mortality.ConclusionsChina has achieved great success in reducing the mortality of VH and CLD. However, significant challenges lie ahead in the efforts to prevent and control PLC and the resurgence of VH.
Childhood cancer survivorship: barriers and preferences
Authors: Signorelli Christina , Wakefield Claire , McLoone Jordana K , Fardell Joanna , Jones Janelle M , Turpin Kate H , Emery Jon , Michel Gisela , Downie Peter , Skeen Jane E , Cohn Richard 
Published: November 2019

ObjectiveMany survivors are disengaged from follow-up, mandating alternative models of survivorship-focused care for late effects surveillance. We explored survivors’ barriers to accessing, and preferences for survivorship care.MethodsWe invited Australian and New Zealand survivors of childhood cancer from three age groups: <16 years (represented by parents), 16–25 years (adolescent and young adults (AYAs)) and >25 years (‘older survivors’). Participants completed questionnaires and optional interviews.Results633 survivors/parents completed questionnaires: 187 parents of young survivors (mean age: 12.4 years), 251 AYAs (mean age: 20.6 years) and 195 older survivors (mean age: 32.5 years). Quantitative data were complemented by 151 in-depth interviews. Most participants, across all age groups, preferred specialised follow-up (ie, involving oncologists, nurses or a multidisciplinary team; 86%–97%). Many (36%–58%) were unwilling to receive community-based follow-up. More parents (75%) than AYAs (58%) and older survivors (30%) were engaged in specialised follow-up. While follow-up engagement was significantly lower in older survivors, survivors’ prevalence of late effects increased. Of those attending a follow-up clinic, 34%–56% were satisfied with their care, compared with 14%–15% of those not receiving cancer-focused care (p<0.001). Commonly reported barriers included lack of awareness about follow-up availability (67%), followed by logistical (65%), care-related beliefs (59%) and financial reasons (57%). Older survivors (p<0.001), living outside major cities (p=0.008), and who were further from diagnosis (p=0.014) reported a higher number of barriers.ConclusionsUnderstanding patient-reported barriers, and tailoring care to survivors’ follow-up preferences, may improve engagement with care and ensure that the survivorship needs of this population are met.
Naturalising the third family hypercharge model for neutral current $$B{-}\hbox {anomalies}$$
Authors: Allanach B. C. , Davighi Joe 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
We consider a deformation of the Third Family Hypercharge Model, which arguably makes the model more natural. Additional non-zero charges of the spontaneously broken, family-dependent $$U(1)_F$$U(1)F gauge symmetry are assigned to the second family leptons, and the third family leptons’ charges are deformed away from their hypercharges in such a way that the $$U(1)_F$$U(1)F gauge symmetry remains anomaly-free. Second family $$U(1)_F$$U(1)F lepton charges allow a $$Z^\prime $$Z′ coupling to muons without having to assume large charged lepton mixing, which risks violating tight lepton flavour violation bounds. In this deformed version, only the bottom and top Yukawa couplings are generated at the renormalisable level, whereas the tauon Yukawa coupling is absent. The $$Z^\prime $$Z′ mediates a beyond the Standard Model contribution to an effective $$({\bar{b}} s) (\bar{\mu }\mu )$$(b¯s)(μ¯μ) vertex in the combination $$C_9=-9C_{10}$$C9=-9C10 and is able to fit the apparent discrepancy between Standard Model predictions in flavour changing neutral-current $$B-$$B-meson decays and their measurements, whilst simultaneously avoiding current constraints from direct $$Z^\prime $$Z′ searches and other measurements, when $$0.8~\text {TeV}< M_{Z^\prime } < 12.5 ~\text {TeV}$$0.8TeV<MZ′<12.5TeV.
Refining the high-fidelity archaeointensity curve for western Europe over the past millennium: analysis of Tuscan architectural bricks (Italy)
Authors: Genevey Agnès , Principe Claudia , Gallet Yves , Clemente Giuseppe , Le Goff Maxime , Fournier Alexandre , Pallecchi Pasquino 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

New archaeointensity results were obtained from 14 groups of baked-brick fragments collected in and around Pisa (Tuscany, Italy). The fragments were assembled from civil and religious buildings whose dating of construction or renovation, over the past millennium, was constrained by documentary sources. This collection, analysed using the Triaxe protocol, was found particularly suitable for intensity experiments, with a success rate of
c.
84% corresponding to 276 fruitful specimens associated with 125 independent brick fragments. The Tuscan data clearly show a peak in intensity at the transition between the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. They are also in very good agreement with, and complementary to, a dense dataset previously obtained in France. Considering the results available within a 700 km radius of Beaune (between Paris and Pisa), all satisfying a set of quality criteria, a mean geomagnetic field intensity variation curve was constructed for the past millennium using a newly developed transdimensional Bayesian technique. This curve, which thus incorporates the new Tuscan results, allows a better recognition of three intensity peaks (during the twelfth century, the fourteenth century and around AD 1600) in western Europe. The detail of this curve is a clear illustration of the centennial-scale resolution that can be achieved using accurate archaeointensity data.
A test of the pseudo-Thellier technique for determining relative palaeointensity in the Tirna Basin, Osmanabad, Maharashtra, India
Authors: Lakshmi B. V. , Deenadayalan K. , Gawali P. B. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
A relative palaeointensity determination was obtained using the pseudo-Thellier technique on sediment from Ther, Tirna Basin, Latu-Osmanabad District, Maharashtra, India. The stability of the natural remanent magnetization was investigated by alternating field (AF) demagnetization. Rock magnetic studies suggest that the main carriers of magnetization are ferrimagnetic minerals, predominantly pseudo-single-domain magnetite. To varying degrees, the smoothed palaeoinclination and palaeodeclination patterns of the Tirna Basin are similar to other Asian palaeosecular variation records CALS3k.4, CALS10k.1 and SED3k.1, with an age offset. Measurements of intensity of the natural remanent magnetization left after AF demagnetization v. intensity of anhysteric remanent magnetization gained at the same peak were carried out on a set of samples. A jackknife re-sampling scheme provides error estimates for the palaeointensity. A good agreement pattern can be observed between the Tirna Basin relative palaeointensity proxy and other global curves with an age shift. Although some temporal offsets of palaeointensity features between different records have been recognized, their similar shape suggests that the palaeointensity can give a globally coherent signal and may be used as a relative dating technique. For the first time, relative palaeointensity data for the past 2 kyr from India is presented here, which complement the existing archaeological records but with an additional input.
Getting Rid of Data
Authors: Milo Tova 
Published: November 2019

We are experiencing an amazing data-centered revolution. Incredible amounts of data are collected, integrated, and analyzed, leading to key breakthroughs in science and society. This well of knowledge, however, is at a great risk if we do not dispense with some of the data flood. First, the amount of generated data grows exponentially and already at 2020 is expected to be more than twice the available storage. Second, even disregarding storage constraints, uncontrolled data retention risks privacy and security, as recognized, e.g., by the recent EU Data Protection reform. Data disposal policies must be developed to benefit and protect organizations and individuals.
Retaining the knowledge hidden in the data while respecting storage, processing, and regulatory constraints is a great challenge. The difficulty stems from the distinct, intricate requirements entailed by each type of constraint, the scale and velocity of data, and the constantly evolving needs. While multiple data sketching, summarization, and deletion techniques were developed to address specific aspects of the problem, we are still very far from a comprehensive solution. Every organization has to battle the same tough challenges with ad hoc solutions that are application-specific and rarely sharable.
In this article, we will discuss the logical, algorithmic, and methodological foundations required for the systematic disposal of large-scale data, for constraints enforcement and for the development of applications over the retained information. In particular, we will overview relevant related work, highlighting new research challenges and potential reuse of existing techniques.
Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery improves hepatic glucose metabolism and reduces plasma kisspeptin levels in morbidly obese patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Flynn C. Robb , Albaugh Vance L. , Tamboli Robyn A. , Gregory Justin M. , Bosompem Amma , Sidani Reem M. , Winnick Jason J. 
Published: November 2019

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery (RYGB) is known to improve whole-body glucose metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), although the mechanisms are not entirely clear and are likely multifactorial. The aim of this study was to assess fasting hepatic glucose metabolism and other markers of metabolic activity before and after RYGB in patients with and without T2D. Methods: Metabolic characteristics of patients who are obese with T2D were compared with those without the disease (non-T2D) before and 1 and 6 mo after RYGB. Fasting plasma insulin and the insulin:glucagon ratio were markedly reduced as early as 1 mo after RYGB in both patients with T2D and without T2D. Despite this reduction, endogenous glucose production and fasting plasma glucose levels were lower in both groups after RYGB, with the reductions being much larger in T2D. Plasma kisspeptin, an inhibitor of insulin secretion, was reduced only in T2D after surgery. Improved hepatic glucose metabolism and lower plasma kisspeptin in T2D after RYGB may link improved hepatic function with enhanced insulin responsiveness after surgery. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Our manuscript is the first, to the best of our knowledge, to present data showing that Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery (RYGB) lowers fasting kisspeptin levels in patients who are obese with type 2 diabetes. This lowering of kisspeptin is important because it could link improvements in liver glucose metabolism after RYGB with increased insulin responsiveness also seen after surgery.
Therapeutic Targeting of MDR1 Expression by RORγ Antagonists Resensitizes Cross-Resistant CRPC to Taxane via Coordinated Induction of Cell Death Programs
Authors: Wang Yongqiang , Huang Zenghong , Chen Christopher Z. , Liu Chengfei , Evans Christopher P. , Gao Allen C. , Zhou Fangjian , Chen Hong-Wu 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Overexpression of ATP-binding cassette subfamily B member 1 (ABCB1)–encoded multidrug resistance protein 1 (MDR1) constitutes a major mechanism of cancer drug resistance including docetaxel (DTX) and cabazitaxel (CTX) resistance in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). However, no therapeutics that targets MDR1 is available at clinic for taxane sensitization. We report here that retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor γ (RORγ), a nuclear receptor family member, unexpectedly mediates MDR1/ABCB1 overexpression. RORγ plays an important role in controlling the functions of subsets of immune cells and has been an attractive target for autoimmune diseases. We found that its small-molecule antagonists are efficacious in resensitizing DTX and CTX cross-resistant CRPC cells and tumors to taxanes in both androgen receptor–positive and –negative models. Our mechanistic analyses revealed that combined treatment with RORγ antagonists and taxane elicited a robust synergy in killing the resistant cells, which involves a coordinated alteration of p53, Myc, and E2F-controlled programs critical for both intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis, survival, and cell growth. Our results suggest that targeting RORγ with small-molecule inhibitors is a novel strategy for chemotherapy resensitization in tumors with MDR1 overexpression.
МОЖЛИВОСТІ ВИКОРИСТАННЯ СТАНДАРТИЗОВАНОГО ОПИТУВАЛЬНИКА ДЛЯ ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ АВТОНОМНИХ ДИСФУНКЦІЙ В ОСІБ МОЛОДОГО ВІКУ
Authors: Sheiko N. I. , Feketa V. P. 
Published: November 2019

Синдром автономних дисфункцій – це поліетіологічний синдром, що характеризується дисфункцією автономної нервової системи і функціональними порушеннями всіх систем організму. Поширеність САД, за даними деяких авторів, складає від 20 до 56 % всіх захворювань у осіб молодого віку, поступаючись лише ГРВІ. Мета – виявити студентів з автономними дисфункціями та оцінити функціональний стан їх організму кількісно за допомогою показника активності регуляторних систем (ПАРС). Матеріал і методи. До дослідження було залучено 100 студентів іноземців 2–3 курcів медичного факультету (1 група), та 100 студентів-українців молодших курсів інших факультетів (2 група) обох статей віком 17–23 роки. Для скринінгу автономних дисфункцій здійснювали анкетування за стандартним опитувальником А. М. Вейна. Для об’єктивної характеристики функціонального стану автономної нервової системи використовували показники варіабельності серцевого ритму, отримані шляхом 5-хвилинної реєстрації ІІ відведення зa допомогою комп’ютерного діагностичного комплексу «КардіоЛаб» («ХАІ-Медіка»,Україна). Зниження пристосувальних можливостей організму визначали за допомогою показника активності регуляторних систем (ПАРС). Результати. За даними опитувальника А. М. Вейна, серед студентів-іноземців ознаки вегетативних змін мали 32 студенти (32 %), а серед українців – 21 (21 %). Однак об’єктивно автономні дисфункції, підтверджені показниками варіабельності серцевого ритму, серед іноземців мали лише 18 осіб (18 %), а серед українців – 11 осіб (11 %) відповідно до загальної кількості опитаних студентів. Зокрема, 50 % студентів-іноземців та 54,5 % студентів-українців мали помірну функціональну напругу, тобто донозологічні стани, ПАРС 2–4; 22,2 % студентів-іноземців та 27,3 % студентів-українців мали виражену функціональну напругу, тобто преморбідний стан, ПАРС 5–6; 11,1 % студентів-іноземців та 9,1 % студентів-українців мали різко виражену функціональну напругу, стан незадовільної адаптації, ПАРС 7-8; 16,7 % студентів-іноземців та 9,1 % студентів-українців мали астенізацію (виснаження) регуляторних систем, ПАРС 9–10. Висновки. Опитувальник А. М. Вейна може бути використаний для скринінгу синдрому автономних дисфункцій, однак необхідним є об’єктивне підтвердження за допомогою вимірювання показників варіабельності серцевого ритму.
INFLUENCE OF LEAD ACETATE IN CONJUNCTION WITH STEARATES ON THE BONE BRAIN AND PERIPHERAL BLOOD OF SUSPICIOUS ANIMALS
Authors: Fedoriv O. E. , Kopach O. E. , Melnyk N. A. 
Published: November 2019

In modern conditions, industrial pollution of the environment with lead is quite significant and has an adverse effect on the body. It has pronounced cumulative properties and is accumulated in bones in the form of insoluble tri-phosphorus. However, under the influence of certain conditions, its reserves in the bones become mobile; it transits into the bloodstream and can cause poisoning, even in the sharp form.
The aim – to study the effect of lead acetate in the body at sub-toxic doses on the background of drinking water with stearates content.
Materials and Methods. To study the influence of low-frequency lead in isolation and in combination with stearates under conditions of a subacute sanitary-toxicological experiment, the animals were divided into four groups of 7 animals each. The group 1 of animals was a control group. The group 2 of animals consumed dechlorinated water from the city water supply (water + AcPb). Animals of the groups 3 and 4 also consumed dechlorinated water from the city water supply, but with an admixture of sodium stearate (group 3 StNa + AcPb) and potassium stearate (group 4 StK + AcPb) at a dose of 1/250 LD50. After a 30-day application of these waters to animals, the groups 2, 3 and 4 were orally administered lead acetate at a dose of 7 mg/100 g of body weight (1/110 LD50).
Results and Discussion. As a result of the action of lead acetate in a dose of 70 mg/kg and stearates, there was an increase in the bone marrow of the number of promyelocytes, stem cells, segmental neutrophils of lymphocytes and normocytes. However, the number of myelocytes and metamyelocytes decreased. Lead acetate and stearates caused an increase in the number of rodenuclear neutrophils, eosinophils, monocytes, lymphocytes and a decrease in the number of segmental neutrophils in the blood of experimental animals. Unlike intact animals in the groups 2, 3 and 4, there were observed events of functional failure of the erythrocytes system such as anisocytosis, poikilocytosis and hypochromia.
Conclusions. 1. Thus, with the action of lead acetate at a dose of 70 mg/kg in combination with sodium and potassium stearates, there was an increase in the bone marrow of promyelocytes, stabnoid, segmented neutrophils of lymphocytes and normocytes. The number of myelocytes and metamyelocytes decreased.

Lead acetate in combination with sodium and potassium stearates caused an increase in the number of stab neutrophils, eosinophils, monocytes, lymphocytes and a decrease in the number of segmented neutrophils in the blood of experimental animals.