bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Studying clonal evolution of myeloid malignancies using induced pluripotent stem cells
Authors: Doulatov Sergei , Papapetrou Eirini P. 
Published: December 2020

Purpose of review
Myeloid malignancies comprise a spectrum of genetically heterogeneous disorders marked by the stepwise acquisition of somatic mutations and clonal evolution. The blood and bone marrow of patients typically consists of a mix of different clones and subclones along the path of clonal evolution that cannot be deconvoluted with most current approaches. Here, we review the application of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology to the study of the clonal architecture and clonal evolution of these diseases, focusing on myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myeloid leukemia.

Recent findings
Reprogramming to pluripotency allows capture of the genomes of single somatic cells into stable iPSC lines. In addition, precise genome editing can introduce specific driver mutations, isolated, and in combinations, into normal iPSCs. Studies utilizing these approaches have elucidated the clonal composition and mutational order in patients with myeloid neoplasms. Importantly, they have also enabled functional interrogation of the cellular and molecular consequences of individual mutations and their combinations and allowed testing of the effects of drugs on distinct disease clones.

Summary
Human iPSCs are important tools to elucidate the mechanisms of progression from normal to malignant haematopoiesis and empower drug testing and drug discovery.
Reducing Inpatient Falls Through Simulations With Symptom Burden Devices
Authors: Glenn Catherine , Vandertulip Kaeli , Edlund Susie , Garlow Laura , Suarez Valerie 
Published: December 2020

Background:
In-hospital patient falls are a persistent problem in health care, resulting in increased length of stay and nonreimbursable charges.

Local Problem:
Although fall prevention programs have decreased inpatient fall rates, our hospital averages 30 falls per month.

Methods:
This was a quality improvement project, including a simulation and debriefing. We performed a thematic analysis on the debriefing responses and tracked the inpatient fall rates over 8 months.

Interventions:
We developed and implemented a low-cost simulation to allow bedside clinicians to experience the physiological changes experienced by patients, which contribute to inpatient falls.

Results:
Fifty-one clinicians participated in the simulation; each expressed an increased understanding in the physical limitations of patients and shared at least 1 technique to help prevent falls for their patient population. The fall rate was reduced by 23.17% in the succeeding 8 months.

Conclusions:
Clinicians' awareness of patients' physiological changes can be increased by a low-cost, rapid simulation, resulting in fewer falls.
How Do Different Digital Displays Affect the Ocular Surface?
Authors: Talens-Estarelles Cristian , Sanchis-Jurado Vicent , Esteve-Taboada José J. , Pons Álvaro M. , García-Lázaro Santiago 
Published: December 2020

SIGNIFICANCE
Digital display use has been accepted as a contributing factor to dry eye disease. Nowadays, plenty of new models of digital displays have been developed, and the differences in their nature and the ways in which they are set and used may contribute to differences in the eye-related problems they cause.

PURPOSE
This study aimed to analyze the differences in ocular surface, tear film, and visual fatigue parameters after reading on different digital displays, with and without initial instillation of artificial tears.

METHODS
Thirty-one healthy individuals ranging in age from 20 to 26 years (mean ± standard deviation, 21.26 ± 1.73 years) were included in this prospective clinical study. Subjects' ocular surface, tear film, and visual fatigue parameters were assessed after reading for 15 minutes on a laptop computer, tablet, e-reader, and smartphone with matching characteristics and a baseline measurement. Measurements were taken with and without the instillation of artificial tears before the reading tasks and included the Ocular Surface Disease Index questionnaire, the Computer Vision Syndrome Questionnaire, tear meniscus height, the Schirmer I test, noninvasive keratograph break-up time, osmolarity, bulbar redness, and pupil size.

RESULTS
Statistically significant differences in the Ocular Surface Disease Index, Computer Vision the Syndrome Questionnaire, tear meniscus height, the Schirmer I test, noninvasive keratograph break-up time, osmolarity, and bulbar redness were obtained when comparing the displays (P < .05). Best results were obtained with the smartphone and the e-reader. Conversely, the computer produced the highest disturbance on the ocular surface and tear film. Finally, the instillation of artificial tears revealed no statistical improvement of ocular surface or tear film parameters for the same device (P > .05).

CONCLUSIONS
Taking into account the clinical tests for dry eye diagnosis, the smartphone may be considered as the least disturbing display, producing lower dry eye signs and symptoms in comparison with other devices.
Emetine as an antiviral agent suppresses SARS-CoV-2 replication by inhibitinginteraction of viral mRNAwith eIF4E: Anin vitrostudy
Authors: Kumar Ram , Khandelwal Nitin , Chander Yogesh , Riyesh Thachamvally , Gulati Baldev R. , Pal Yash , Tripathi Bhupendra N. , Barua Sanjay , Kumar Naveen 
Published: December 2020

AbstractEmetine is a FDA-approved drug for the treatment of amebiasis. In the recent times we had also demonstrated the antiviral efficacy of emetine against some RNA and DNA viruses. Following emergence of the COVID-19, we further evaluated thein vitroantiviral activity of emetine against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The therapeutic index of emetine was determined to be 10910.4, at a cytotoxic concentration 50 (CC50) of 1603.8 nM and effective concentration 50 (EC50) of 0.147 nM.Besides, we also demonstrated the protective efficacy of emetine against lethal challenge with infectious bronchitis virus (IBV; a chicken coronavirus) in the embryonated chicken egg infection model. Emetine treatment was shown to decrease viral RNA and protein synthesis without affecting other steps of viral life cycle such as attachment, entry and budding.In a chromatin immunoprecipitation (CHIP) assay, emetine was shown to disrupt the binding of SARS-CoV-2 RNA with eIF4E (eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E, a cellular cap-binding protein required for initiation ofprotein translation). Further, SARS-CoV-2 was shown to exploit ERK/MNK1/eIF4E signalling pathwayfor its effective replication in the target cells. To conclude, emetine targets SARS-CoV-2 protein synthesis which is mediated via inhibiting the interaction of SARS-CoV-2 RNA with eIF4E. This is a novel mechanistic insight on the antiviral efficacy of emetine.In vitroantiviral efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 and its ability to protect chicken embryos against IBV suggests that emetine could be repurposed to treat COVID-19.
Characterization of SARS-CoV-2 N protein reveals multiple functional consequences of the C-terminal domain
Authors: Wu Chao , Qavi Abraham J. , Hachim Asmaa , Kavian Niloufar , Cole Aidan R. , Moyle Austin B. , Wagner Nicole D. , Sweeney-Gibbons Joyce , Rohrs Henry W. , Gross Michael L. , Peiris J. S. Malik , Basler Christopher F. , Farnsworth Christopher W. , Valkenburg Sophie A. , Amarasinghe Gaya K. , Leung Daisy W. 
Published: December 2020

SummaryNucleocapsid protein (N) is the most abundant viral protein encoded by SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of COVID-19. N plays key roles at different steps in the replication cycle and is used as a serological marker of infection. Here we characterize the biochemical properties of SARS-CoV-2 N. We define the N domains important for oligomerization and RNA binding that are associated with spherical droplet formation and suggest that N accessibility and assembly may be regulated by phosphorylation. We also map the RNA binding interface using hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry. Finally, we find that the N protein C-terminal domain is the most immunogenic by sensitivity, based upon antibody binding to COVID-19 patient samples from the US and Hong Kong. Together, these findings uncover domain-specific insights into the significance of SARS-CoV-2 N and highlight the diagnostic value of using N domains as highly specific and sensitive markers of COVID-19.
Famoc Depanel: innovating product-service systems through functional spaces
Authors: Manzi Mario Andres , Blanco Murcia Laura , Ramos Mejia Monica 
Published: December 2020

Learning outcomes
Identify how value is created through a product-service system (PSS). Recognize the different types of PSS and their characteristics at an economic and environmental level. Design a business model for a PSS that allows to generate economic and environmental value in a sustainable way.

Case overview/synopsis
On October 15th of 2014, Javier Ramirez, Chief Executive Officer of Famoc Depanel, was in his office in Bogotá, Colombia, thinking about a decision he had to take. Either Famoc Depanel continued in the traditional office furniture market generating new lower-cost products, and continued facing the informal competition or the company risked accepting a new business that the National Tax and Customs Direction of Colombia (DIAN, the acronym according to its name in Spanish) had proposed and give its business a complete turnaround. Either way, he would keep his commitment to innovation and environmental care.

Complexity academic level
This case is appropriate for use in sustainability and entrepreneurship courses with contents about business models based on PSS. This case can be used at undergraduate and graduate levels. It is recommended that students have prior knowledge about business models and the Canvas Business Model methodology.

Supplementary materials
Teaching Notes are available for educators only.

Subject code
CSS 11: Strategy.
Incarcerated population in India: how many are dying? How are they dying?
Authors: Ram Usha , Kumar Prakash 
Published: December 2020

Purpose
This study aims to examine sociodemographic characteristics, levels and patterns of mortality experiences amongst Indian prisoners over the past two decades (1998–2018).

Design/methodology/approach
This study used prison statistics in India to analyze occupancy rate, percentage distribution, annual/decadal change, male–to–female ratios, prison mortality rate and causes of natural/unnatural deaths.

Findings
During 1998–2018, prisons in India grew by 18% and prisoners by 69%, leading to overcrowded jails. Males outnumbered female prisoners. Seventy percent of prisoners had an educational attainment level lower than 10th grade. In 2018, over 14 per 1,000 prisoners suffered from a mental illness and 384 per 100,000 died. Unnatural deaths accounted for 8%–11% of all prisoner deaths; 84% were by suicide. Illness accounted for 95% of all natural deaths in 2018; one–quarter was due to heart diseases.

Research limitations/implications
The study did not establish an association between sociodemographic characteristics with mental illness and mortality due to the non-availability of data.

Social implications
The pattern of a deteriorating living environment, rise in mental illnesses and mortality among Indian prisoners calls for immediate action from the authorities to protect them. Almost all unnatural deaths were by suicide (mostly by hanging). This detailed study would help authorities to take corrective measures for prisoner safety and well-being. There is also a need to develop a scientific database for this population.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to examine morbidity and mortality experiences of the prisoner population using national statistics.
Consumer decision-making in a retail store: the role of mental imagery and gender difference
Authors: Kim Jung-Hwan , Kim Minjeong , Yoo Jungmin , Park Minjung 
Published: November 2020

PurposeThe purpose of the study is to investigate how mental imagery evoked from sensory in-store experience influences consumer anticipatory emotion, perceived ownership and decision satisfaction which eventually impact positive consumer responses such as behavioural intent. In this study, gender difference is proposed as a moderator to completely understand the role of mental imagery in the in-store decision-making process.Design/methodology/approachUsing a market research agency in South Korea, an online survey was employed to collect data. A total of 455 useable respondents (men = 224 and women = 231) largely living in the two most populous provinces in South Korea (i.e. Seoul and Gyeonggi provinces) completed the survey. A number of path analyses were conducted to test hypotheses.FindingsThe results of the study showed that mental imagery evoked from sensory product experience played a critical part in facilitating the consumer decision-making process by influencing anticipatory emotion and perceived ownership. The relationship among anticipatory emotion, perceived ownership, decision satisfaction and behavioural intent was significant except for the relationship between perceived ownership and behavioural intent. This study further indicated that the way mental imagery influences the in-store decision-making process differs between men and women.Originality/valueThe effect of mental imagery in a physical retail context is largely ignored. This study addressed the crucial role of mental imagery in a physical apparel retail setting and examined its impact on consumer decision-making processes. By exploring how to enhance consumers' in-store sensory shopping experiences through mental imagery to influence their positive shopping outcomes, this study offers vital insights into how retailers operating physical stores can successfully utilize their stores.
Influential and intellectual structure of Islamic finance: a bibliometric review
Authors: Alshater Muneer M. , Hassan M. Kabir , Khan Ashraf , Saba Irum 
Published: December 2020

Purpose
Islamic finance is an alternative approach of financial intermediation based on risk-sharing and asset-backed operations, which evolved substantially in recent years in academic research raising the need for quantitative studies to address the intellectual development and scientific performance of this field. This study aims to provide quantitative statistics and comprehensive review of the key influential and intellectual structure of Islamic finance literature.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors apply the trending and cutting-edge quali-quantitative approach of bibliometric citation analysis. This study reviews 1,940 English studies and review papers published in scientific journals indexed by the Scopus database from 1983 to 2019. RStudio, VOSviewer and Excel’s software are used to analyze the collected data and apply the bibliometric tests.

Findings
The results identify the leading academic authors, journals, institutions and countries with relation to Islamic finance. The authors also propose six main research themes in this field, which are as follows: Islamic finance – fundamentals, growth and legitimacy; customer’s attitude and perception toward Islamic finance; accounting and social reporting of Islamic finance; performance and risk management of Islamic finance; Islamic financial markets; and efficiency of Islamic financial institutions. Lastly, the authors identify research gaps in the existing Islamic finance literature and present 24 future research directions.

Research limitations/implications
The data in this study is confined only to the Scopus database of English papers and reviews. It also considers papers directly related to the field of Islamic finance.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this paper is one of the first to address the literature of Islamic finance from a bibliometric aspect. The results of this study along with future research questions will help researchers and practitioners to further explore and stand on firm quantitative bases regarding the scientific development of Islamic finance.
Alleviating social and economic inequality? The role of social enterprises in Thailand
Authors: Pothipala Varaporn , Keerasuntonpong Prae , Cordery Carolyn 
Published: December 2020

Purpose
Thailand is a developing economy underpinned by high levels of wealth inequality and an ingrained patronage culture. This research aims to examine how social enterprises (SEs) have been encouraged in Thailand in recent years as “micro-level challenges” to capitalism and their potential impact in addressing inequality.

Design/methodology/approach
Through analysing policy documents and consultations, this paper traces the development of Thai policies intended to encourage SEs’ development. Additionally, the paper uses case study interviews and documents to demonstrate how SEs tackle inequality. From these, a framework is developed, outlining SEs’ roles and interventions to reduce inequality.

Findings
Thailand’s new policy is in contrast to those countries where SEs face policy neglect. Nevertheless, government has been slow to embed processes to encourage new SEs. Despite SEs’ “challenge” to capitalism, listed companies are increasingly providing in-kind and financial support. The case study data shows SEs reduce inequality as they work with rural citizens to increase their employment and incomes. This work may also contribute to diminishing rural citizens’ dependency on political patronage.

Research limitations/implications
While SEs can address inequality gaps, the research includes only existing SEs on specific lists. Nevertheless, the Thai experience will be useful to other developing countries, especially those beset by political patronage.

Originality/value
The research shows legislation is insufficient to support SE growth and inequality reduction. The framework highlights the need for both government policy attention and interventions from donors and companies to support SEs’ efforts.
Manufacturing location decisions and organizational agility
Authors: Theyel Gregory , Hofmann Kay H. 
Published: December 2020

PurposeThis paper aims to investigate the strategic consequences of manufacturing location decisions, with a focus on understanding the link between collocating manufacturing with other value chain activities, via reshoring or retaining and organizational agility.Design/methodology/approachThe paper uses qualitative data from 115 interviews with executives from UK high value manufacturing companies to explore the recent phenomenon of reshoring and the strategic effects of manufacturing location.FindingsThe location of manufacturing is operationally and strategically important for multinational companies. The spatial dispersion of manufacturing is determined by firm-specific and external factors, both of which are subject to constant change. The analysis shows that concentrating on manufacturing in their home countries enables firms to increase organizational agility and stimulate innovation. Better integration with and more extensive collaboration between related value chain activities, such as research and development, sales and marketing, leads to higher flexibility, speed and responsiveness to customer requirements. However, under certain conditions, firms also continue to benefit from the known advantages of offshoring.Originality/valueThis research sheds light on possible strategic downsides of global value chains, characterized by dispersed activities and intermitted processes. The results provide evidence that retaining manufacturing or bringing back manufacturing operations to a company’s home country can increase organizational flexibility, speed, adaptability, innovativeness and responsiveness to customer requirements. As these capabilities are critical for long-term survival, especially in dynamic environments, firms need to review their global factory configurations and determine whether the short-term advantages of foreign locations continue to justify offshoring practices.
Tourism – ten possible solutions for a more inclusive society
Authors: Costa Jorge , Montenegro Mónica , Gomes João 
Published: December 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to critically review the contributions made by the writing team for this theme issue and to present the main ideas, lines of action and implications for a model of inclusive tourism.

Design/methodology/approach
A content analysis of the papers selected for this issue was performed so as to identify the most relevant contributions made by the authors.

Findings
From the analysis of the papers in this theme issue, it is clear that destinations need to reflect on and work towards a new model of tourism – more sustainable, innovative, responsible and supportive – adding value to the tourism ecosystem.

Originality/value
The papers in this theme issue shed light on the importance for tourist destinations of adopting a more inclusive approach. All tourist actors need to maintain their commitment to work together to promote universal accessibility and inclusiveness and this can be characterized via a new model of positive tourism.
Contrasting community assembly processes structure lotic bacteria metacommunities along the river continuum
Authors: Gweon Hyun S. , Bowes Michael J. , Moorhouse Heather L. , Oliver Anna E. , Bailey Mark J. , Acreman Michael C. , Read Daniel S. 
Published: December 2020

SummaryThe heterogeneous nature of lotic habitats plays an important role in the complex ecological and evolutionary processes that structure the microbial communities within them. Due to such complexity, our understanding of lotic microbial ecology still lacks conceptual frameworks for the ecological processes that shape these communities. We explored how bacterial community composition and underlying ecological assembly processes differ between lotic habitats by examining community composition and inferring community assembly processes across four major habitat types (free‐living, particle‐associated, biofilm on benthic stones and rocks, and sediment). This was conducted at 12 river sites from headwater streams to the main river in the River Thames, UK. Our results indicate that there are distinct differences in the bacterial communities between four major habitat types, with contrasting ecological processes shaping their community assembly processes. While the mobile free‐living and particle‐associated communities were consistently less diverse than the fixed sediment and biofilm communities, the latter two communities displayed higher homogeneity across the sampling sites. This indicates that the relative influence of deterministic environmental filtering is elevated in sediment and biofilm communities compared with free‐living and particle‐associated communities, where stochastic processes play a larger role.