bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Environmental assessment of physical-chemical features of Lake Nasser, Egypt
Authors: Rizk Roquia , Juzsakova Tatjána , Cretescu Igor , Rawash Mohamed , Sebestyén Viktor , Le Phuoc Cuong , Kovács Zsófia , Domokos Endre , Rédey Ákos , Shafik Hesham 
Published: April 2020

AbstractLake Nasser is one of the largest man-made lakes on earth. It has a vital importance to Egypt for several decades because of the safe water supply of the country. Therefore, the water quality of the Lake Nasser must be profoundly investigated, and physico-chemical parameter changes of the water of the Lake Nasser should be continuously monitored and assessed. This work describes the present state of the physico-chemical (nitrate-nitrogen, nitrite-nitrogen, orthophosphate, total phosphate content, dissolved oxygen content, chemical oxygen demand, and biological oxygen demand) water parameters of Lake Nasser in Egypt at nine measurement sites along the Lake Nasser. The algorithm was devised at the University of Pannonia, Hungary, for the evaluation of the water quality. The aquatic environmental indices determined alongside the Lake Nasser fall into the category of “good” water quality at seven sampling sites and exhibited “excellent” water quality at two sampling sites according to Egyptian Governmental Decree No. 92/2013. In light of the tremendous demand for safe and healthy water supply in Egypt and international requirements, the water quality assessment is a very important tool for providing reliable information on the water quality. The protocol for water quality assessment could significantly contribute to the provision of high-quality water supply in Egypt. In conclusion, it can be stated that the parameters under investigation in different regions of Lake Nasser fall within the permissible ranges and the water of the Lake has good quality for drinking, irrigation, and fish cultures according to Egyptian standards; however, according to European specifications, there are steps to be accomplished for future water quality improvement.
No–arbitrage commodity option pricing with market manipulation
Authors: Aïd René , Callegaro Giorgia , Campi Luciano 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWe design three continuous-time models in finite horizon of a commodity price, whose dynamics can be affected by the actions of a representative risk-neutral producer and a representative risk-neutral trader. Depending on the model, the producer can control the drift and/or the volatility of the price whereas the trader can at most affect the volatility. The producer can affect the volatility in two ways: either by randomizing her production rate or, as the trader, using other means such as spreading false information. Moreover, the producer contracts at time zero a fixed position in a European convex derivative with the trader. The trader can be price-taker, as in the first two models, or she can also affect the volatility of the commodity price, as in the third model. We solve all three models semi-explicitly and give closed-form expressions of the derivative price over a small time horizon, preventing arbitrage opportunities to arise. We find that when the trader is price-taker, the producer can always compensate the loss in expected production profit generated by an increase of volatility by a gain in the derivative position by driving the price at maturity to a suitable level. Finally, in case the trader is active, the model takes the form of a nonzero-sum linear-quadratic stochastic differential game and we find that when the production rate is already at its optimal stationary level, there is an amount of derivative position that makes both players better off when entering the game.
Neurological and behavioral features of locomotor imagery in the blind
Authors: Amemiya Kaoru , Morita Tomoyo , Hirose Satoshi , Ikegami Tsuyoshi , Hirashima Masaya , Naito Eiichi 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn people with normal sight, mental simulation (motor imagery) of an experienced action involves a multisensory (especially kinesthetic and visual) emulation process associated with the action. Here, we examined how long-term blindness influences sensory experience during motor imagery and its neuronal correlates by comparing data obtained from blind and sighted people. We scanned brain activity with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) while 16 sighted and 14 blind male volunteers imagined either walking or jogging around a circle of 2 m radius. In the training before fMRI, they performed these actions with their eyes closed. During scanning, we explicitly instructed the blindfolded participants to generate kinesthetic motor imagery. After the experimental run, they rated the degree to which their motor imagery became kinesthetic or spatio-visual. The imagery of blind people was more kinesthetic as per instructions, while that of the sighted group became more spatio-visual. The imagery of both groups commonly activated bilateral frontoparietal cortices including supplementary motor areas (SMA). Despite the lack of group differences in degree of brain activation, we observed stronger functional connectivity between the SMA and cerebellum in the blind group compared to that in the sighted group. To conclude, long-term blindness likely changes sensory emulation during motor imagery to a more kinesthetic mode, which may be associated with stronger functional coupling in kinesthetic brain networks compared with that in sighted people. This study adds valuable knowledge on motor cognition and mental imagery processes in the blind.
Subelliptic geometric Hardy type inequalities on half-spaces and convex domains
Authors: Ruzhansky Michael , Sabitbek Bolys , Suragan Durvudkhan 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn this paper we present$$L^2$$L2and$$L^p$$Lpversions of the geometric Hardy inequalities in half-spaces and convex domains on stratified (Lie) groups. As a consequence, we obtain the geometric uncertainty principles. We give examples of the obtained results for the Heisenberg and the Engel groups.
Close Range Spectral Imaging for Disease Detection in Plants Using Autonomous Platforms: a Review on Recent Studies
Authors: Mishra Puneet , Polder Gerrit , Vilfan Nastassia 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Purpose of Review
A short introduction to the spectral imaging (SI) of plants along with a comprehensive overview of the recent research works related to disease detection in plants using autonomous phenotyping platforms is provided. Key benefits and challenges of SI for plant disease detection on robotic platforms are highlighted.

Recent Findings
SI is becoming a potential tool for autonomous platforms for non-destructive plant assessment. This is because it can provide information on the plant pigments such as chlorophylls, anthocyanins and carotenoids and supports quantification of biochemical parameters such as sugars, proteins, different nutrients, water and fat content. A plant suffering from diseases will exhibit different physicochemical parameters compared with a healthy plant, allowing the SI to capture those differences as a function of reflected or absorbed light.

Summary
Potential of SI to non-destructively capture physicochemical parameters in plants makes it a key technique to support disease detection on autonomous platforms. SI can be broadly used for crop disease detection by quantification of physicochemical changes in the plants.
Visceral infection byPorocephalusspp. (Pentastomida) in Neotropical wild mammals
Authors: Gomez-Puerta L.A. , Baselly L. , Lopez-Urbina M.T. , Gonzalez A.E. , Mayor P. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractLarval stages of pentastomids were collected from different organs of small mammals from the Peruvian Amazon. These parasitized mammals included: a western Amazonian oryzomys (Hylaeamys perenensis), an elegant oryzomys (Euryoryzomys nitidus), a lowland paca (Cuniculus paca), two kinkajous (Potos flavus), two silvery woolly monkeys (Lagothrix poeppigii) and a brown-mantled tamarin (Leontocebus fuscicollis). Pentastomids were found in the mesentery and parenchyma of the liver and lungs of these animals. All pentastomids were morphologically identified as nymphs ofPorocephalusspp. Only the nymphs collected from select animals (the western Amazonian oryzomys, the elegant oryzomys and the brown-mantled tamarin) were analysed molecularly. Molecular analysis was performed amplifying the mitochondrial cytochromecoxidase subunit I gene from select nymphs collected from the western Amazonian oryzomys, the elegant oryzomys and the brown-mantled tamarin. The nucleotide sequences exhibited 95.8–97.7% similarity between them. Also, these sequences showed an identity of 95.8–97.9% toPorocephalus crotali(GenBank accession numbers MG559647–MG559655). Molecular analysis indicated the presence of at least twoPorocephalusspecies. These findings represent the first record ofPorocephalusin these mammals, thus adding new intermediate hosts for this pentastomid genus. This work represents the first molecular data ofPorocephalusin a Neotropical climate.
Declining Public Health Protections within Autocratic Regimes: Impact on Global Public Health Security, Infectious Disease Outbreaks, Epidemics, and Pandemics
Authors: Burkle Frederick M. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPublic health emergencies of international concern, in the form of infectious disease outbreaks, epidemics, and pandemics, represent an increasing risk to the worldʼs population. Management requires coordinated responses, across many disciplines and nations, and the capacity to muster proper national and global public health education, infrastructure, and prevention measures. Unfortunately, increasing numbers of nations are ruled by autocratic regimes which have characteristically failed to adopt investments in public health infrastructure, education, and prevention measures to keep pace with population growth and density. Autocratic leaders have a direct impact on health security, a direct negative impact on health, and create adverse political and economic conditions that only complicate the crisis further. This is most evident in autocratic regimes where health protections have been seriously and purposely curtailed. All autocratic regimes define public health along economic and political imperatives that are similar across borders and cultures. Autocratic regimes are seriously handicapped by sociopathic narcissistic leaders who are incapable of understanding the health consequences of infectious diseases or the impact on their population. A cross section of autocratic nations currently experiencing the impact of COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) are reviewed to demonstrate the manner where self-serving regimes fail to manage health crises and place the rest of the world at increasing risk. It is time to re-address the pre-SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome) global agendas calling for stronger strategic capacity, legal authority, support, and institutional status under World Health Organization (WHO) leadership granted by an International Health Regulations Treaty. Treaties remain the most successful means the world has in preventing, preparing for, and controlling epidemics in an increasingly globalized world.“Honesty is worth a lot more than hope…” The Economist, February 17, 2020.
Shift in body fat distribution from lower body to upper body among urban Colombian women, 1988–1989 to 2007–2008
Authors: Bender Richard L , Bekelman Traci A , Sandberg Paul A , Dufour Darna L , Reina Julio C 
Published: April 2020

AbstractObjective:Body fat distribution may be a stronger predictor of metabolic risk than BMI. Yet, few studies have investigated secular changes in body fat distribution in middle-income countries or how those changes vary by socioeconomic status (SES). This study evaluated changes in body fat distribution by SES in Colombia, a middle-income country where BMI is increasing rapidly.Design:We applied factor analysis to previously published data to assess secular changes in adiposity and body fat distribution in cross-sectional samples of urban Colombian women. Anthropometry was used to assess weight, height and skinfolds (biceps, triceps, subscapular, suprailiac, thigh, calf).Setting:Cali, Colombia.Participants:Women (18–44 years) in 1988–1989 (n 1533) and 2007–2009 (n 577) from three SES groups.Results:We identified an overall adiposity factor, which increased between 1988–1989 and 2007–2008 in all SES groups, particularly in the middle SES group. We also identified arm, leg and trunk adiposity factors. In all SES groups, leg adiposity decreased, while trunk and arm adiposity increased.Conclusions:Factor analysis highlighted three trends that were not readily visible in BMI data and variable-by-variable analysis of skinfolds: (i) overall adiposity increased between time periods in all SES groups; (ii) the adiposity increase was driven by a shift from lower body to upper body; (iii) the adiposity increase was greatest in the middle SES group. Factor analysis provided novel insights into secular changes and socioeconomic variation in body fat distribution during a period of rapid economic development in a middle-income country.
Genetically similar temperate phages form coalitions with their shared host that lead to niche-specific fitness effects
Authors: Basso Jonelle T R , Ankrah Nana Y D , Tuttle Matthew J , Grossman Alex S , Sandaa Ruth-Anne , Buchan Alison 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Temperate phages engage in long-term associations with their hosts that may lead to mutually beneficial interactions, of which the full extent is presently unknown. Here, we describe an environmentally relevant model system with a single host, a species of the Roseobacter clade of marine bacteria, and two genetically similar phages (ɸ-A and ɸ-D). Superinfection of a ɸ-D lysogenized strain (CB-D) with ɸ-A particles resulted in a lytic infection, prophage induction, and conversion of a subset of the host population, leading to isolation of a newly ɸ-A lysogenized strain (CB-A). Phenotypic differences, predicted to result from divergent lysogenic-lytic switch mechanisms, are evident between these lysogens, with CB-A displaying a higher incidence of spontaneous induction. Doubling times of CB-D and CB-A in liquid culture are 75 and 100 min, respectively. As cell cultures enter stationary phase, CB-A viable counts are half of CB-D. Consistent with prior evidence that cell lysis enhances biofilm formation, CB-A produces twice as much biofilm biomass as CB-D. As strains are susceptible to infection by the opposing phage type, co-culture competitions were performed to test fitness effects. When grown planktonically, CB-A outcompeted CB-D three to one. Yet, during biofilm growth, CB-D outcompeted CB-A three to one. These results suggest that genetically similar phages can have divergent influence on the competitiveness of their shared hosts in distinct environmental niches, possibly due to a complex form of phage-mediated allelopathy. These findings have implications for enhanced understanding of the eco-evolutionary dynamics of host-phage interactions that are pervasive in all ecosystems.
Real-world data on cervical cancer risk stratification by cytology and HPV genotype to inform the management of HPV-positive women in routine cervical screening
Authors: Hashim Dana , Engesæter Birgit , Baadstrand Skare Gry , Castle Philip E. , Bjørge Tone , Tropé Ameli , Nygård Mari 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
HPV16/18 detection may improve cervical cancer risk stratification and better guide which HPV-positive women warrant immediate colposcopy/biopsy. We estimated risks of cervical precancer and cancer by HPV genotype and cytology during the implementation phase of primary HPV testing in Norway.

Methods
A total of 3111 women, aged 34–69 years, testing HPV-positive at baseline and undergoing cytology testing from February 2015 to April 2018 had data available for analysis. Risk estimates with 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 or more severe (CIN3+) were estimated for cytology results and HPV genotypes (HPV16, HPV18, and other high-risk HPV).

Results
CIN3+ risks were higher for HPV16/18 than other high-risk HPV genotypes. Among women with any cytologic abnormality [atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance or worse], immediate risks were 57.8% (95%CI = 53.0–62.6%) for HPV16, 40.2% (95%CI = 32.3–49.2%) for HPV18, and 31.4% (95%CI = 28.7–34.3%) for other high-risk HPV. Among those with normal cytology, CIN3+ risks were 19.9% (95%CI = 15.0–26.1%) for HPV16 positives, 10.8% (95%CI = 5.6–20.5%) for HPV18 positives, and 5.5% (95%CI = 4.2–7.1%) for other high-risk HPV.

Conclusions
The benefits and harms of managing women based on HPV positivity and cytology results can be better balanced by inclusion of HPV genotyping in screening and choosing more conservative management for other high-risk HPV compared to HPV16/18.
Embryonic endothelial evolution towards first hematopoietic stem cells revealed by single-cell transcriptomic and functional analyses
Authors: Hou Siyuan , Li Zongcheng , Zheng Xiaona , Gao Yun , Dong Ji , Ni Yanli , Wang Xiaobo , Li Yunqiao , Ding Xiaochen , Chang Zhilin , Li Shuaili , Hu Yuqiong , Fan Xiaoying , Hou Yu , Wen Lu , Liu Bing , Tang Fuchou , Lan Yu 
Published: April 2020

AbstractHematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in adults are believed to be born from hemogenic endothelial cells (HECs) in mid-gestational embryos. Due to the rare and transient nature, the HSC-competent HECs have never been stringently identified and accurately captured, let alone their genuine vascular precursors. Here, we first used high-precision single-cell transcriptomics to unbiasedly examine the relevant EC populations at continuous developmental stages with intervals of 0.5 days from embryonic day (E) 9.5 to E11.0. As a consequence, we transcriptomically identified two molecularly different arterial EC populations and putative HSC-primed HECs, whose number peaked at E10.0 and sharply decreased thereafter, in the dorsal aorta of the aorta-gonad-mesonephros (AGM) region. Combining computational prediction and in vivo functional validation, we precisely captured HSC-competent HECs by the newly constructed Neurl3-EGFP reporter mouse model, and realized the enrichment further by a combination of surface markers (Procr+Kit+CD44+, PK44). Surprisingly, the endothelial-hematopoietic dual potential was rarely but reliably witnessed in the cultures of single HECs. Noteworthy, primitive vascular ECs from E8.0 experienced two-step fate choices to become HSC-primed HECs, namely an initial arterial fate choice followed by a hemogenic fate conversion. This finding resolves several previously observed contradictions. Taken together, comprehensive understanding of endothelial evolutions and molecular programs underlying HSC-primed HEC specification in vivo will facilitate future investigations directing HSC production in vitro.
GPR56/ADGRG1 is associated with response to antidepressant treatment
Authors: Belzeaux Raoul , Gorgievski Victor , Fiori Laura M. , Lopez Juan Pablo , Grenier Julien , Lin Rixing , Nagy Corina , Ibrahim El Chérif , Gascon Eduardo , Courtet Philippe , Richard-Devantoy Stéphane , Berlim Marcelo , Chachamovich Eduardo , Théroux Jean-François , Dumas Sylvie , Giros Bruno , Rotzinger Susan , Soares Claudio N. , Foster Jane A. , Mechawar Naguib , Tall Gregory G. , Tzavara Eleni T. , Kennedy Sidney H. , Turecki Gustavo 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIt remains unclear why many patients with depression do not respond to antidepressant treatment. In three cohorts of individuals with depression and treated with serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (N = 424) we show that responders, but not non-responders, display an increase of GPR56 mRNA in the blood. In a small group of subjects we also show that GPR56 is downregulated in the PFC of individuals with depression that died by suicide. In mice, we show that chronic stress-induced Gpr56 downregulation in the blood and prefrontal cortex (PFC), which is accompanied by depression-like behavior, and can be reversed by antidepressant treatment. Gpr56 knockdown in mouse PFC is associated with depressive-like behaviors, executive dysfunction and poor response to antidepressant treatment. GPR56 peptide agonists have antidepressant-like effects and upregulated AKT/GSK3/EIF4 pathways. Our findings uncover a potential role of GPR56 in antidepressant response.
ASK1 inhibits browning of white adipose tissue in obesity
Authors: Lucchini Fabrizio C. , Wueest Stephan , Challa Tenagne D. , Item Flurin , Modica Salvatore , Borsigova Marcela , Haim Yulia , Wolfrum Christian , Rudich Assaf , Konrad Daniel 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIncreasing energy expenditure via induction of adipose tissue browning has become an appealing strategy to treat obesity and associated metabolic complications. Herein, we identify adipocyte-expressed apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) as regulator of adipose tissue browning. High fat diet-fed adipocyte-specific ASK1 knockout mice reveal increased UCP1 protein levels in inguinal adipose tissue concomitant with elevated energy expenditure, reduced obesity and ameliorated glucose tolerance compared to control littermates. In addition, ASK1-depletion blunts LPS-mediated downregulation of isoproterenol-induced UCP1 in subcutaneous fat both in vitro and in vivo. Conversely, adipocyte-specific ASK1 overexpression in chow-fed mice attenuates cold-induced UCP1 protein levels in inguinal fat. Mechanistically, ASK1 phosphorylates interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) resulting in reduced Ucp1 expression. Taken together, our studies unravel a role of ASK1 in mediating the inhibitory effect of caloric surplus or LPS-treatment on adipose tissue browning. Adipocyte ASK1 might be a pharmacological target to combat obesity and associated morbidities.
Emergence of ferromagnetism due to charge transfer in compressed ilmenite powder using super-high-energy ball milling
Authors: Ohara Satoshi , Naka Takashi , Sunakawa Kousuke , Kubuki Shiro , Senna Mamoru , Hashishin Takeshi 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIlmenite, FeTiO3, is a common mineral in nature, existing as an accessory phase in the most basic igneous and metamorphic rocks, for example, it is derived from the upper mantle. Therefore, an understanding of the high-pressure physics of FeTiO3 is of fundamental importance in the study of rock magnetization. Here, we provide experimental evidence of lattice compression of FeTiO3 powder using super-high-energy ball milling, enabling the very high collision energy of 420 times gravitational acceleration. A sample obtained as an ilmenite- hematite 0.5FeTiO3·0.5Fe2O3 solid solution showed a decrease in molar volume of approximately 1.8%. Consequently, the oxidation state in FeTiO3 powder was changed into almost Fe3+Ti3+, corresponding to 87% Fe3+ of the total Fe for FeTiO3, resulting in the emergence of ferromagnetism. This new ferromagnetic behaviour is of crucial importance in the study of rock magnetization which is used to interpret historical fluctuations in geomagnetism. In addition, the super-high-energy ball mill can be used to control a range of charge and spin states in transition metal oxides with high pressure.