bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identidad nacional y sistema del Convenio Europeo de Derechos Humanos: Una dudosa analogía
Authors: Cruz Mantilla de los Ríos Pablo 
Published: December 2020

La identidad nacional es una categoría jurídica central del Derecho de la Unión Europea que está siendo invocada cada vez con mayor frecuencia entre la doctrina, así como entre los Tribunales Constitucionales nacionales y el Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea. En estas circunstancias, está surgiendo una, aún incipiente e inmadura, literatura académica que, con base en una serie de recientes pronunciamientos del Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos, está interpretando si existe en el marco del sistema del Convenio Europeo de Derechos Humanos una figura análoga. Este artículo tiene por objeto analizar en, clave comparada, la posible emergencia de dicha categoría en ese nuevo contexto jurídico.
National identity is an essential legal category in European Union law which has increasingly been invoked by scholars as well as constitutional courts and the Court of Justice of the European Union. In this connection, it is emerging a, still incipient and immature, legal literature which, on the basis of a series of recent judgments coming from the European Court of Human Rights, is interpreting whether there is an analogous figure in the framework of the European Convention of Human Rights system. This article aims to analyse, in a comparative key, the possible advent of the above-mentioned figure in this new legal context.
Assessment of dynamic matrix control controller parameters via estimating Markov parameters of disturbance
Authors: Li Lijuan , Chen Xingyu , Yang Shipin 
Published: December 2020

AbstractFor an industrial control system, controller parameters are important factors that affect the control system performance. This article introduces a controller parameter performance assessment method based on disturbance characteristic variation for a dynamic matrix control system. Assuming that the process model is accurate and the setpoint is constant, disturbance characteristic variation without adjusting controller parameters leads to the degradation of system performance. Hence, the Markov parameters of a disturbance model, which inflect the variation of disturbance characteristics, are used to assess the controller parameter performance. These Markov parameters can be obtained from closed‐loop data using the subspace identification method. The differences between the Markov parameters in an actual running state and those in a well‐regulated state are used to design the assessing index of controller parameters. The simulation results in the Wood–Berry model and TE process show the validity of the proposed index.
A Liquid Metal Based Multimodal Sensor and Haptic Feedback Device for Thermal and Tactile Sensation Generation in Virtual Reality
Authors: Oh Jinhyeok , Kim Suin , Lee Sangyeop , Jeong Seongmin , Ko Seung Hwan , Bae Joonbum 
Published: December 2020

AbstractVirtual reality (VR) has been widely used for training, gaming, and entertainment, and the value of VR is continually increasing as a contact‐free technology. For an immersive VR experience, measuring finger movements and providing appropriate feedback to the hand are as important as visual information, given the necessity of the hands for activities in daily life. Thus, a hand‐worn VR device with motion sensors and haptic feedback is desirable. In this paper, a multimodal sensing and feedback glove is developed with soft, stretchable, lightweight, and compact sensor and heater sheets manufactured by direct ink writing (DIW) of liquid metal, eutectic gallium‐indium (eGaIn). In the sensor sheet, ten sensors and three vibrators are embedded to measure finger movements and provide vibro‐haptic feedback. The other heater sheet provides thermo‐haptic sensation in accurate and rapid manner via model‐based feedback control even under stretched conditions. The multimodal sensing and feedback glove allows users to feel the contact status and discriminate materials with different temperature. Performance of the proposed multimodal glove is verified under VR environments including touching and pushing two blocks of different materials and grabbing a heated metal ball submerged in hot water.
Atomically Smooth Graphene‐Based Hybrid Template for the Epitaxial Growth of Organic Semiconductor Crystals
Authors: Nguyen Nguyen Ngan , Lee Hyo Chan , Baek Kangkyun , Yoo Min Seok , Lee Hansol , Lim Hyungsub , Choi Shinyoung , Kim Cheol‐Joo , Nam SungWoo , Cho Kilwon 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAtomically thin 2D materials are good templates to grow organic semiconductor thin films with desirable features. However, the 2D materials typically exhibit surface roughness and spatial charge inhomogeneity due to nonuniform doping, which can affect the uniform assembly of organic thin films on the 2D materials. A hybrid template is presented for preparation of highly crystalline small‐molecule organic semiconductor thin film that is fabricated by transferring graphene onto a highly ordered self‐assembled monolayer. This hybrid graphene template has low surface roughness and spatially uniform doping, and it yields highly crystalline fullerene thin films with grain sizes >300 nm, which is the largest reported grain size for C60 thin films on 2D materials. A graphene/fullerene/pentacene phototransistor fabricated directly on the hybrid template has five times higher photoresponsivity than a phototransistor fabricated on a conventional graphene template supported by a SiO2 wafer.
Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Biodegradable Fe‐Doped MoOx Nanowires for Magnetic Resonance Imaging Guided Photothermal‐Enhanced Chemodynamic Synergistic Antitumor Therapy
Authors: Chen Yusheng , Gao Mengluan , Zhang Lingjian , Ha Enna , Hu Xin , Zou Rujia , Yan Li , Hu Junqing 
Published: December 2020

AbstractRational design of nanosystems that target tumor microenvironment have attracted widespread attention. However, it is still a great challenge to make a multifunctional nanoplatform that actively and selectively interacts with tumor microenvironment, without causing toxicity to surrounding normal tissues. Herein, the biodegradable Fe‐doped MoOx (FMO) nanowires are designed as an anti‐tumor nanoreagent that possesses great photothermal conversion ability (48.5%) and magnetic properties for T1 weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Also, FMO can be used as a chemodynamic therapy (CDT) reagent to effectively catalyze the decomposition of H2O2 and produce hydroxyl radical (·OH). At the same time, the consumption of glutathione will also enhance the CDT effect. More importantly, FMO presents pH‐dependent degradation behavior: rapid degradation at physiological pH, but relatively stable at acidic pH. In vivo anti‐tumor experiment demonstrates that the FMO is able to effectively inhibit the tumor growth with minimal side effects. Generally speaking, these results indicate that the FMO has huge potential for MRI image‐guided cancer therapy and promotes the clinical translation of nanodrugs.
Containerless Bioorganic Reactions in a Floating Droplet by Levitation Technique Using an Ultrasonic Wave
Authors: Matsubara Teruhiko , Takemura Kenjiro 
Published: December 2020

AbstractTo ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns, alternative process design without plastics for chemical and biological reactions will benefit future generations. Reaction flasks used in chemical and biological laboratories have been made from glass, metals, and plastics so far. If containerless processing can be realized, researchers will have a next‐generation reaction process, which will be reactor and plastic‐free, and without risks of unforeseen issues induced by contact with reactions flasks, including contamination and alteration of the reactants. Here, polymerization, click chemistry, and enzymatic reactions can proceed effectively in a floating droplet at a node of standing wave generated by ultrasonic levitation. These results demonstrate that floating droplets levitated by acoustic waves can represent a revolutionary containerless reactor for performing various reactions in the fields of chemistry and biology.
A Scalable Integrated Dopant‐Free Heterostructure to Stabilize Perovskite Solar Cell Modules
Authors: Sha Yongming , Bi Enbing , Zhang Yao , Ru Pengbin , Kong Weiyu , Zhang Peng , Yang Xudong , Chen Han , Han Liyuan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPerovskite solar cell (PSC) modules employing a hole transport layer (HTL) without unstable dopants possess high potential for improving operational stability. However, the low efficiencies of the devices greatly limit their commercial applications owing to the lower efficacy of the dopant‐free HTL, introduced by the unintentional n‐doping effect of volatile ions from the halide‐rich perovskite surface. Here, a scalable heterostructure integrated by a methylammonium‐free perovskite film with an iodide‐rich surface, an ultrathin interlayer of bridge‐jointed graphene oxide nanosheets (BJ‐GO), and an HTL without additional ionic dopants is developed. In this heterostructure, the iodide ions are physically immobilized by the compact 2D network, and lead defects are chemically passivated by multiple coordination bonds. Moreover, the BJ‐GO with tunable surface energy enables a highly ordered HTL a considerably improved carrier mobility by an order of magnitude. Finally, the PSC module with an area of 35.80 cm2 employing this heterostructure shows a certified efficiency of 15.3%. The encapsulated PSC modules retain over 91% of initial efficiency after the damp heat test at 85 °C and ≈85% relative humidity for 1000 h, while maintaining 90% of the initial value for 1000 h at the maximum power point under continuous 1‐Sun illumination at 60 °C.
Validation of data quality in a nationwide gastroenterological surgical database: The National Clinical Database site‐visit and remote audits, 2016‐2018
Authors: Hasegawa Hiroshi , Takahashi Arata , Kanaji Shingo , Kakeji Yoshihiro , Marubashi Shigeru , Konno Hiroyuki , Gotoh Mitsukazu , Miyata Hiroaki , Kitagawa Yuko , Seto Yasuyuki 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackground and AimIn 2015, the Japanese Society of Gastroenterological Surgery (JSGS) initiated data verification in the gastroenterological section of the National Clinical Database (NCD) and reported high accuracy of data entry. Remote audits were introduced for data validation on a trial basis in 2016 and formally accepted into use in 2017‐2018. The aim of this study was to audit the data quality of the NCD gastroenterological section for 2016‐2018 and to confirm the high accuracy of data in remote audits.MethodsEach year, 45‐46 hospitals were selected for audit. Twenty cases were randomly selected in each hospital, and the accuracy of patient demographic and surgical outcome data (46 items) was compared with the corresponding medical records obtained by visiting the hospital (site‐visit audit) or by mailing data from the hospital to the JSGS office (remote audit).ResultsA total of 136 hospitals were included, of which 88 (64.7%) had a remote audit, and 124 936 items were evaluated with an overall data accuracy of 98.1%. There was no significant difference in terms of data accuracy between site‐visit audit and remote audit. Accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of mortality were 99.7%, 89.7%, 100% for site‐visit audits and 99.8%, 97.3%, 100% for remote audits, respectively. Mean time spent on data verification per case of remote audits was shorter than that of site‐visit audits (10.0 minutes vs 13.7 minutes, P < 0.001).ConclusionThe audits showed that NCD data are reliable and characterized by high accuracy. Remote audits may substitute site‐visit audits.
Asymmetric Hydroesterification of Diarylmethyl Carbinols
Authors: Tian Duanshuai , Xu Ronghua , Zhu Jinbin , Huang Jianxun , Dong Wei , Claverie Jerome , Tang Wenjun 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAn efficient asymmetric hydroesterfication of diarylmethyl carbinols is developed for the first time with a Pd‐WingPhos catalyst, resulting in a series of chiral 4‐aryl‐3,4‐dihydrocoumarins in excellent enantioselectivities and good yields. The method features mild reaction conditions, a broad substrate scope, use of easily accessible starting materials, and low palladium loadings. A plausible stereochemical model is also proposed with the Pd‐WingPhos catalyst. This method has enabled a 4‐step asymmetric synthesis of (R)‐tolterodine from readily available starting materials.
Cross‐sectional survey of the replacement of the Japanese term for dementia: Did it reduce discomfort in family members?
Authors: Yamanaka Katsuo , Todo Naoya , Yoshizawa Mutsumi , Uchida Tatsuji 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectivesDecreasing discrimination and stigma of dementia is an international issue. In 2004, the Japanese government changed the previous Japanese stigmatic term of dementia (“Chiho”) to the present one (“Ninchi‐sho”) a meaning near “neurocognitive disorder.” This study aimed to examine cross‐sectionally if the present term functioned well or not from the viewpoint of families of people with dementia (PWD), and to discover variables influencing their feelings of the term: the feelings about people surrounding PWD, and the family members’ and PWD’s attributes.MethodsQuestions regarding the feelings about the present Japanese term and people surrounding PWD were asked to 155 family members accompanying PWD who visited three hospitals. For analyses, the degree of the discomfort about the present Japanese term was shown descriptively. The relationship of constructs of the feelings extracted by exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and the attributes was analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM).Results71.6% agreed that the present term discomforted them less than the previous one. Only 13.2% thought that the present term was discriminatory. However, about one third of the participants felt discomfort when they used even the present term. Using the constructs extracted by EFA, the analysis of SEM revealed that the negative feelings of the terminology were affected by hesitation to disclose to surrounding people that their family member had dementia, which the attributes of younger family members, wives, husbands, and siblings influenced. Moreover, because of disclosing the dementia, the feelings of support from people alleviated the feelings of hesitation, influenced by sex (female).ConclusionsIt was suggested that overall, the present term successfully reduced discomfort in families, compared with the result of the previous term surveyed by the Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare. However, unignorable numbers of family members still feel stigma. New policies are necessary considering the influencing factors.
The role of cultural worldviews in predicating gambling risk perception and behavior in a Chinese sample
Authors: Xue Wen , Zeng Zhonglu , Liu Zuyun , Marks Anthony D. G. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectivesWe investigated the relationships between cultural worldviews, gambling risk perception, and gambling behavior with a sample of tourists in Macao.MethodsParticipants were enrolled at famous landmarks and casinos in Macao, China. Data were collected using several instruments to assess an individual's cultural worldviews, gambling risk perceptions, and gambling intentions.ResultsWe found that the three‐dimensional solution was valid for the Chinese version of the gambling expectancy scale. Correlational and mediational analyses revealed that the relationship between an individualistic worldview and gambling intention was fully mediated by gambling risk perception. Respondents with an egalitarian worldview perceived greater risk associated with gambling than those with other worldviews.ConclusionThese findings demonstrated the important influence of cultural variables on perceived risk and behavior in gambling. Moreover, understanding gamblers’ worldviews could be beneficial for problem gambling interventions. Future research directions and the limitations of the findings were discussed.
225Ac‐labeled CD33‐targeting antibody reverses resistance to Bcl‐2 inhibitor venetoclax in acute myeloid leukemia models
Authors: Garg Ravendra , Allen Kevin J. H. , Dawicki Wojciech , Geoghegan Eileen M. , Ludwig Dale L. , Dadachova Ekaterina 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACTPurposeDespite the availability of new drugs, many patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) do not achieve remission and outcomes remain poor. Venetoclax is a promising new therapy approved for use in combination with a hypomethylating agent or with low‐dose cytarabine for the treatment of newly diagnosed older AML patients or those ineligible for intensive chemotherapy. 225Actinium‐lintuzumab (225Ac‐lintuzumab) is a clinical stage radioimmunotherapy targeting CD33 that has shown evidence of single‐agent activity in relapsed/refractory AML. Increased expression of MCL‐1 is a mediator of resistance to venetoclax in cancer.Experimental designHere we investigated the potential for 225Ac‐lintuzumab‐directed DNA damage to suppress MCL‐1 levels as a possible mechanism of reversing resistance to venetoclax in two preclinical in vivo models of AML.ResultsWe demonstrated that 225Ac‐lintuzumab in combination with venetoclax induced a synergistic increase in tumor cell killing compared to treatment with either drug alone in venetoclax‐resistant AML cell lines through both an induction of double‐stranded DNA breaks (DSBs) and depletion of MCL‐1 protein levels. Further, this combination led to significant tumor growth control and prolonged survival benefit in venetoclax‐resistant in vivo AML models.ConclusionsThere results suggest that the combination of 225Ac‐lintuzumab with venetoclax is a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of patients with venetoclax‐resistant AML.Clinical trial of this combination therapy (NCT03867682) is currently ongoing.
Artificial neural networks for simultaneously predicting the risk of multiple co‐occurring symptoms among patients with cancer
Authors: Xuyi Wenhui , Seow Hsien , Sutradhar Rinku 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPatients with cancer often exhibit multiple co‐occurring symptoms which can impact the type of treatment received, recovery, and long‐term health. We aim to simultaneously predict the risk of three symptoms: severe pain, moderate‐severe depression, and poor well‐being in order to flag patients who may benefit from pre‐emptive early symptom management. This was a retrospective population‐based cohort study of adults diagnosed with cancer between 2008 and 2015. We developed and tested an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model to predict the risk of multiple co‐occurring symptoms within 6 months after diagnosis. The ANN model derived from a training cohort was assessed on an independent test cohort for model performance based on sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, AUC, and calibration. The mutually exclusive training and test cohorts consisted of 35,606 and 10,498 patients, respectively. The area under the curve for the risk of experiencing severe pain, moderate‐severe depression, and poor well‐being were 71%, 73%, and 70%, respectively. Patient characteristics at highest risk of simultaneously experiencing these three symptoms included: those with lung cancer, late stage cancer, existing chronic conditions such as osteoarthritis, mood disorder, hypertension, diabetes, and coronary disease. Patients with over a 40% risk of severe pain also had over a 70% risk of depression, and over a 55% risk of poor well‐being. Our ANN model was able to simultaneously predict the risk of pain, depression, and lack of well‐being. Accurate prediction of future symptom burden can serve as an early indicator tool so that providers can implement timely interventions for symptom management, ultimately improving cancer care and quality of life.
Infrastructure Challenges Caused by Industrial Transformation to Achieve Greenhouse Gas Neutrality. Ammonia Production in the Antwerp‐Rotterdam‐Rhine‐Ruhr Area
Authors: Ausfelder Florian , van de Beek Floris , Bhardwaj Rajat , Graf Frank , Meinke‐Hubeny Frank , Lodewijks Pieter , Müller Sabrina Alexandra , Rijkers Monique , Perez Sanchez Diana , Ruf Johannes 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSeveral pathways for potentially greenhouse gas neutral production of ammonia have been investigated compared to today's conventional ammonia production at chemical sites in Antwerp, Dormagen, and Geleen. These pathways include on‐site water electrolysis using grid electricity, off‐site production via water electrolysis using renewable electricity and supply of green hydrogen to the site, pyrolysis of natural gas and conventional ammonia production coupled with CO2‐capture on‐site and transport to a storage site. All pathways effectively eliminate scope 1 emissions present in conventional production but continue to emit scope 2 emissions from grid electricity consumption. Eventually, a coordinated industry‐wide and cross‐industry effort is needed to address the transformational changes and develop the common cross‐border infrastructures.
MAFG‐AS1 promotes tumor progression via regulation of the HuR/PTBP1 axis in bladder urothelial carcinoma
Authors: Xiao Mengqing , Liu Jianye , Xiang Liang , Zhao Kai , He Dong , Zeng Qinghai , Zhang Qun , Xie Dan , Deng Minhua , Zhu Yuxing , Zhang Yeyu , Liu Yan , Bo Hao , Liu Xiaoming , Chen Xingyu , Gong Lian , Bao Ying , Hu Yi , Cheng Yaxin , Deng Liping , Zhu Rongrong , Xing Xiaowei , Zhou Ming , Xiong Wei , Zhou Yanhong , Zhou Jianda , Li Xiaohui , Cao Ke 
Published: December 2020

AbstractLong noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a crucial role in progression of bladder urothelial carcinoma (BUC). However, the molecular mechanisms behind this role have not been elucidated yet. Here, we found that the lncRNA MAFG‐AS1, which is highly expressed in BUC, is correlated with aggressive characteristics and poor prognosis of BUC. We demonstrate that MAFG‐AS1 can promote BUC proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, MAFG‐AS1 direct binding to Hu antigen R (HuR) could recruit ubiquitin‐specific proteinase 5 (USP5) to prevent HuR from degrading by ubiquitination. We further demonstrate that overexpression of MAFG‐AS1 can upregulate the expression of polypyrimidine tract‐binding protein 1 (PTBP1) through promoting its stability mediated by bound HuR. In conclusion, these findings indicate that MAFG‐AS1 promotes the progression of BUC via regulation of the HUR/PTBP1 axis. Targeting MAFG‐AS1 may provide a novel strategy for individualized therapy and a potential biomarker for prognosis of BUC.