bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Smart sensing metasurface with self-defined functions in dual polarizations
Authors: Ma Qian , Hong Qiao Ru , Gao Xin Xin , Jing Hong Bo , Liu Che , Bai Guo Dong , Cheng Qiang , Cui Tie Jun 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
For the intelligence of metamaterials, the -sensing mechanism and programmable reaction units are two important components for self-recognition and -determination. However, their realization still face great challenges. Here, we propose a smart sensing metasurface to achieve self-defined functions in the framework of digital coding metamaterials. A sensing unit that can simultaneously process the sensing channel and realize phase-programmable capability is designed by integrating radio frequency (RF) power detector and PIN diodes. Four sensing units distributed on the metasurface aperture can detect the microwave incidences in the x- and y-polarizations, while the other elements can modulate the reflected phase patterns under the control of a field programmable gate array (FPGA). To validate the performance, three schemes containing six coding patterns are presented and simulated, after which two of them are measured, showing good agreements with designs. We envision that this work may motivate studies on smart metamaterials with high-level recognition and manipulation.
Multilevel phase supercritical lens fabricated by synergistic optical lithography
Authors: Fang Wei , Lei Jian , Zhang Pengda , Qin Fei , Jiang Meiling , Zhu Xufeng , Hu Dejiao , Cao Yaoyu , Li Xiangping 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The advent of planar metalenses, including the super-oscillatory lens (SOL) and the supercritical lens (SCL) with distinctive interference properties, has profoundly impacted on the long-lasting perception of the far-field optical diffraction limit. In spite of its conspicuous success in achieving marvelously small focal spots, the planar metalens still faces tough design and fabrication challenges to realize high focusing efficiency. In this work, we demonstrated a dual-mode laser fabrication technique based on two-photon polymerization for realizing the multilevel phase SCL with focusing efficiency spiking. Synergistically controlling two types of movement trajectory, which is implemented with the piezo stage and the scanning galvo mirror, enables the fabrication of complicated structures with sub-diffraction-limit feature size. By utilizing such advantage, SCLs with discretized multilevel phase configurations are explicitly patterned. The experimental characterization results have shown that a four-level phase SCL can focus light into a sub-diffraction-limit spot with the lateral size of 0.41 λ/NA (NA is the numerical aperture), while achieve the focal spot intensity and the energy concentration ratio in the focal region 7.2 times and 3 times that of the traditional binary amplitude-type SCL with the same optimization conditions, respectively. Our results may release the application obstacles for the sub-diffraction-limit planar metalens and enable major advances in the fields from label-free optical super-resolution imaging to high precision laser fabrication.
Indium selenide film: a promising saturable absorber in 3- to 4-μm band for mid-infrared pulsed laser
Authors: Hai Ting , Xie Guoqiang , Qiao Zhen , Qin Zhipeng , Ma Jie , Sun Yue , Wang Fengqiu , Yuan Peng , Ma Jingui , Qian Liejia 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Indium selenide (InSe) film, an emerging two-dimensional chalcogenide semiconductor, has recently attracted growing interests in optoelectronics. However, its nonlinear characteristics and application potentials in mid-infrared (IR) region remain open, which is a very attractive but undeveloped spectral region currently. In this work, it is demonstrated that InSe film possesses excellent nonlinear absorption properties in 3- to 4-μm band. Saturable absorption measurements of InSe film at 2.8 and 3.5 μm show very low saturation energy fluences and moderate modulation depths. Pump–probe measurements at 3 and 4 μm indicate that InSe film has ultrafast responses in mid-IR region. Furthermore, the application of InSe film in mid-IR pulsed laser is demonstrated, and stable Q-switching operation of fiber laser at 2.8 μm is realized. These results show that InSe film is a promising saturable absorber for mid-IR pulsed laser.
Impaired Knee Muscle Capacity Is Correlated With Impaired Sagittal Kinematics During Jump Landing in Women With Patellofemoral Pain
Authors: Nunes Guilherme S. , Barton Christian J. , Serrão Fábio V. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Nunes, GS, Barton, CJ, and Serrão, FV. Impaired knee muscle capacity is correlated with impaired sagittal kinematics during jump landing in women with patellofemoral pain. J Strength Cond Res 36(5): 1264–1270, 2022—Knee and hip muscle capacity is impaired in women with patellofemoral pain (PFP), but little is known about the rate of force development (RFD) at the knee. Impaired muscle capacity may contribute to reduced sagittal plane movement at the knee and hip during jump landing in women with PFP. This study aimed to (a) compare knee extensor muscle capacity (including RFD), and hip abductor and extensor muscle capacity between women with and without PFP; and (b) evaluate the relationship between hip/knee muscle capacity and sagittal kinematics during single-legged drop jump landing in women with PFP. Fifty-two physically active women (26 with PFP and 26 controls) participated. Rate of force development (in %/ms), isometric, concentric, and eccentric torque (in N·m·kg−1 × 100) were evaluated using isokinetic dynamometry, and knee and hip kinematics were evaluated using three-dimensional motion capture. Compared with the control group (CG), the PFP group (PFPG) presented lower isometric (12%, PFPG = 217.2 ± 46.0; CG = 246.5 ± 38.8; p = 0.02), concentric (21%, PFPG = 133.0 ± 42.6; CG = 169.2 ± 28.8; p < 0.01), and eccentric (17%, PFPG = 172.9 ± 56.7; CG = 208.4 ± 59.4; p = 0.03) knee extension torque; lower RFD until 30% (30%, PFPG = 0.57 ± 0.27; CG = 0.83 ± 0.37; p < 0.01) and 60% (31%, PFPG = 0.47 ± 0.24; CG = 0.67 ± 0.33; p = 0.01) of maximal isometric torque; and lower concentric hip abduction (13%, PFPG = 94.7 ± 19.1; CG = 108.4 ± 17.5; p = 0.01) and extension (17%, PFPG = 134.4 ± 34.3; CG = 162.6 ± 38.0; p < 0.01) torque. Significant correlations between reduced RFD for knee extension and reduced sagittal plane knee/hip range of motion during landing were identified (r = 0.39–0.49). In conclusion, women with PFP have impaired knee extensor isometric and dynamic strength, and RFD. Impaired knee extensor RFD is associated with a stiffer landing strategy (reduced movement).
Predicting Changes in Maximal Oxygen Uptake in Response to Polarized Training (Sprint Interval Training, High-Intensity Interval Training, and Endurance Training) in Mountain Bike Cyclists
Authors: Hebisz Rafał , Hebisz Paulina , Danek Natalia , Michalik Kamil , Zatoń Marek 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Hebisz, R, Hebisz, P, Danek, N, Michalik, K, and Zatoń, M. Predicting changes in maximal oxygen uptake in response to polarized training (sprint interval training, high-intensity interval training, and endurance training) in mountain bike cyclists. J Strength Cond Res 36(6): 1726–1730, 2022—The aim of this study was to determine the predictors of change in maximal oxygen uptake (ΔV̇o
2max) in response to a polarized training program. Twenty well-trained mountain bike cyclists completed an 8-week intervention of sprint interval training (SIT) (8–16 30-second maximal sprints), high-intensity interval training (4–6 bouts at 85–95% maximal aerobic power), and endurance training (2–3 hours cycling at 70–80% power at the ventilatory threshold). An incremental exercise test was performed to determine preintervention and postintervention maximal oxygen uptake (V̇o
2max) and maximal pulmonary ventilation (VEmax) normalized to lean body mass (LBM). The frequency and time domain of heart rate variability (HRV) was also determined during recovery after moderate warm-up in the first and last SIT. Training status was quantified as the total distance cycled in the previous year. V̇o
2max, VEmax, and the root mean square of the successive differences of normal-to-normal time interval between heartbeats (RMSSD), which is the time domain of HRV all increased significantly. Multiple significant correlations were observed between ΔV̇o
2max and training status and baseline measures of VEmax·LBM−1, RMSSD, and V̇o
2max·LBM−1 and a regression equation was developed (r = 0.87, r
2 = 0.76; p = 0.0001). The change in V̇o
2max in response to polarized training can be predicted with high accuracy based on several measurable variables.
Ischemic Preconditioning Attenuates Rating of Perceived Exertion But Does Not Improve Maximal Oxygen Consumption or Maximal Power Output
Authors: ter Beek Frank , Jokumsen Peter S. , Sloth Birgitte N. , Stevenson Andrew J. T. , Larsen Ryan G. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
ter Beek, F, Jokumsen, PS, Sloth, BN, Thomas Stevenson, AJ, and Larsen, RG. Ischemic preconditioning attenuates rating of perceived exertion but does not improve maximal oxygen consumption or maximal power output. J Strength Cond Res 36(9): 2479–2485, 2022—Brief consecutive periods of limb ischemia and reperfusion, known as ischemic preconditioning (IPC), have been reported to increase maximal power output (MPO) during cycling. However, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of IPC on MPO, maximal oxygen consumption (V̇o
2max), muscle oxygenation, and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) during an incremental cycling test. Fourteen healthy young men participated in this double-blinded, randomized crossover study, involving IPC (250 mm Hg; four 5-minute cycles of ischemia) and sham (20 mm Hg) treatment followed by an incremental cycling test to exhaustion. During the cycling test, V̇o
2, RPE, heart rate (HR), blood lactate (BL), and muscle oxygenation and deoxygenation (near-infrared spectroscopy) were measured. MPO, V̇o
2max, HRmax, and muscle deoxygenation did not change with IPC (all p-values > 0.13). Furthermore, IPC had no significant effect on V̇o
2, HR, or muscle oxygenation during the incremental cycling test (all p-values > 0.18). However, IPC attenuated RPE during cycling at 210 W (IPC: median 17.0 [interquartile range 15.3–19.0]; sham: 17.5 [17.0–19.0]; p = 0.007) and 245 W (IPC: 18.0 [17.0–18.8]; sham: 19.0 [18.0–19.8]; p = 0.011). A single session of IPC did not improve MPO, V̇o
2max, or measures of oxygen consumption during the cycling test. However, IPC lowered RPE at 210 and 245 W, suggesting that IPC may attenuate the perception of effort at higher submaximal exercise intensities.
Action Video Gaming Does Not Influence Short-Term Ocular Dominance Plasticity in Visually Normal Adults
Authors: Chen Xiaoxin , Chen Shijia , Kong Deying , Wei Junhan , Mao Yu , Lin Wenman , Chen Yiya , Yao Zhimo , Min Seung Hyun , Lu Fan , Qu Jia , Hess Robert F. , Zhou Jiawei 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAction video gaming can promote neural plasticity. Short-term monocular patching drives neural plasticity in the visual system of human adults. For instance, short-term monocular patching of 0.5–5 h briefly enhances the patched eye’s contribution in binocular vision (i.e., short-term ocular dominance plasticity). In this study, we investigate whether action video gaming can influence this plasticity in adults with normal vision. We measured participants’ eye dominance using a binocular phase combination task before and after 2.5 h of monocular patching. Participants were asked to play action video games, watch action video game movies, or play non-action video games during the period of monocular patching. We found that participants’ change of ocular dominance after monocular patching was not significantly different either for playing action video games versus watching action video game movies (Comparison 1) or for playing action video games versus playing non-action video games (Comparison 2). These results suggest that action video gaming does not either boost or eliminate short-term ocular dominance plasticity, and that the neural site for this type of plasticity might be in the early visual pathway.
Frege’s Bedeutung
Authors: Dagys Jonas 
Published: April 2020

The article raises the question what is the content of Frege’s infamous notion of Bedeutung? It is claimed that the so–called standard interpretation of this notion – Bedeutung as referential relation between a name and an object – was developed and established evaluating Frege’s ideas in philosophy of language in isolation from his logicist ideas. However, precisely his logicist concerns have motivated Frege’s interest in semantic issues. A broader consideration of Frege’s works reveals an internalist and rationalist notion of meaning, that is based on the context principle, and that should not be reduced to mere reference. The question of the meaning of subsentential components, for Frege, is closely related to the question of the meaning of the whole sentence, that is, the meaning of sub–sentential components should be construed as secondary with regard to the meaning of the whole sentence.
Grammatical and Discourse Competence Analysis in Writing Argumentation Paragraph
Authors: Aprillianti Linda 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACTWriting is a form of embodiment of indirect communication. It is required to pay attention to the structure associated with the elements of writing so that readers can understand the message conveyed by the writer. This study is intended to identify the grammatical and discourse competence of the students in writing argumentative paragraphs. The research used was qualitative descriptive approach with analytical method. The data of this study were taken from the students’ assignment papers related to writing argumentative paragraph in Komunitas Cerdas Course. There were twenty task sheets resulting from students’ writings. All of this data were analyzed in terms of grammar and discourse. The data collection techniques used was written tests. In analyzing the data, the writer used the theory of Miles and Huberman, so the form of study was given in short description. The results of the analysis showed that students already had sufficient competence in grammar or discourse, further, in general, the students already had grammatical competence and sufficient discourse competence. However, there were some aspects in grammar that needed to get more attentions, such as the ability of the students to arrange words into good sentences.ABSTRAKMenulis adalah bentuk perwujudan komunikasi tidak langsung. Hal ini diperlukan untuk memperhatikan struktur yang terkait dengan unsur-unsur penulisan sehingga pembaca dapat memahami pesan yang disampaikan oleh penulis. Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk mengidentifikasi kompetensi gramatikal dan wacana siswa dalam menulis paragraf argumentatif. Penelitian ini juga memberikan koreksi kesalahan siswa dalam menulis paragraf argumentatif. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dengan metode analitik. Data penelitian ini adalah kertas tugas siswa terkait dengan menulis paragraf argumentasi di Kursus Komunitas Cerdas. Ada dua puluh lembar tugas yang merupakan hasil tulisan siswa. Semua data ini dianalisis dalam hal tata bahasa dan wacana. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah tes tertulis. Teknik analisis data, penulis menggunakan teori Miles dan Huberman, sehingga bentuk penelitian diberikan dalam deskripsi singkat. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa siswa sudah memiliki kompetensi yang cukup dalam tata bahasa atau wacana. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, secara umum siswa sudah memiliki kompetensi tata bahasa dan kompetensi wacana yang cukup. Tetapi ada beberapa aspek dalam tata bahasa yang perlu mendapat perhatian lebih, sedangkan kompetensi wacana, kemampuan siswa untuk mengatur kata-kata menjadi kalimat yang baik masih perlu banyak peningkat. How to Cite: Aprillianti,L. (2019). Grammatical and Discourse Competence Analysis in Writing Argumentation Paragraph. IJEE (Indonesian Journal of English Education), 6(2), 133-142. doi:10.15408/ijee.v6i2.11944
Dictons et Traditions
Authors: Moscoso García Francisco 
Published: April 2020

Edition et présentation des textes ethnographiques collectés par le P. Yves Alliaume entre 1926 et 1975 au Sahara algérien. Ils proviennent de la Bibliothèque du « Centre Culturel et de Documentation Saharienne » (Ghardaïa, Algérie). L’ouvrage du P. Alliaume est divisé en vingt-sept dossiers comprenant trois cent dix thèmes. Chacun d’eux contient différents textes : dialogues entre le P. Alliaume et les gens, doctrine musulmane, contes populaires, histoires, devinettes, textes de l’Évangile, leçons de morale, expressions et textes ethnographiques en général. Cette édition est précédée de l’index des fascicules et les thèmes. À la fin, nous avons ajouté onze annexes et un glossaire divisé en catégories de mots qui pourront aider le chercheur dans ses recherches.
Risk-Informed Recommendations for Managing Hydraulic Fracturing–Induced Seismicity via Traffic Light Protocols
Authors: Schultz Ryan , Beroza Greg , Ellsworth William , Baker Jack 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT
Risks from induced earthquakes caused by hydraulic fracturing are a growing concern with a need for effective management. Here, we develop a risk-informed strategy for choosing red and yellow traffic light thresholds based on the current understanding of induced earthquakes. To do so, we utilize probabilistic maximum magnitudes, magnitude to ground-motion relationships, population densities, statistical distributions of site amplification, and felt or damaging ground-motion thresholds to compute the risk of damage or nuisance. Risk curves for various forecast scenarios highlight two proposed guidelines. First, setting red-light thresholds within the nuisance range of ground motions reduces the chances that runaway earthquakes could cause unacceptable damage. Second, setting yellow-light thresholds approximately two magnitude units less than the red light ensures that operators have a sufficient opportunity to enact mitigation strategies. We compare the differences in risk between several real-life traffic light cases to illustrate how this approach could allow regulators to design traffic light protocols in a risk-informed manner and thus balance the consequences of their decisions more effectively. Our approach also promotes the transparent communication of risk to all involved stakeholders.
BİR ÇOCUK İSTİSMARI FORMU OLARAK ÇOCUK EVLİLİKLERİ: KÜLTÜRE SIĞINMANIN SINIRLARI
Authors: SÖZER Hande 
Published: April 2020

Bu makale, Türkiye'de son dönemde çocuk evlilikleri konusunda artan hassasiyete rağmen çocuk
evliliklerini bir çocuk istismarı formu olarak tanımada halen bir tereddüt olduğunu iddia eder. Söz
konusu tereddüt, çocuk istismarı münferit bir meseleyken çocuk evliliklerinin kültürel bir gerçeklik
olduğu varsayımından beslenir. Böylelikle, muğlak, statik ve tahayyüle dayalı bir kültür nosyonuna
sığınan bazı kesimler çocuk evliliklerini aklamaya çalışır. Öte yandan çocuk evliliklerini eleştiren
çalışmalar arasında da benzer bir kültür algısına sığınılabildiği görülür. Böylelikle, burada iddia ettiğim
üzere, “kültür” çocuk evliliklerinde temel açıklayıcı (explicans) olarak sunulur ve kültürü çocuk
evliliklerini açıklamada ve ciddiyetle ele almada bir başlangıç noktası (explicandum) olarak görmemizi
engeller. Bu metin Türkiye’deki akademik ve toplumsal tartışmalarda çocuk evliliklerini açıklama için
kültür kavramının kullanılma şekillerini inceler ve mevcut tartışmaları Kültürel Antropoloji’nin
evrenselcilik ya da kültürel görecelilik ikiliğine eleştirisi ekseninde değerlendirir. Metnin son kısmında
da Türkiye’de çocuk evliliklerini “kültür” ile açıklamanın kimler için, hangi koşullarda, ne şekilde ve
hangi etkiye neden olacak şekilde yapıldığını sorgular.
El asociativismo en las empresas de diseño de indumentaria de autor en Argentina
Authors: Marré Sofía 
Published: April 2020

El asociativismo como alternativa de sustentabilidad económica en las micro, pequeñas y medianas empresas de diseño de indumentaria de autor. Las ventajas de trabajar de manera conjunta se traducen en la representación institucional, la capacidad de negociación, mejorar la comercialización, aumentar la difusión y comunicación, compartir personal calificado, incorporar tecnología que es inaccesible a nivel individual, intercambiar experiencia y saberes entre colegas, tener mayor objetividad al momento de identificar problemas y sus posibles soluciones, acceder a capacitaciones, mejorar las oportunidades y tener mejor acceso a líneas de financiamiento.
Assessment of Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Diseases and Arterial Stiffness in Women of Different Ages
Authors: Ivanova O. S. , Maychuk E. Y. , Voevodina I. V. 
Published: April 2020

Objective:A comprehensive study of the prevalence and structure of risk factors (RF) of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), the daily dynamics of central aortic pressure and arterial stiffness in healthy women of different age groups.Materials and methods:the study involved 161 women aged 18 to 65 years with one or more CVD RF. All volunteers underwent a survey, 24-hour blood pressure monitoring with determination of arterial stiffness and daily dynamics of central aortic pressure, determination of carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) and vascular stiffness by volume sphygmography.Results:the examined were divided into 3 groups: 1 group of 52 women of young age from 18 to 30 years (23.8 Ѓ} 5.3 years); 2 group of 54 women from 31 years before the onset of menopause (41 Ѓ} 5.9 years); group 3 — 54 women in the postmenopausal period (55.4 Ѓ} 5.8 years). High prevalence of modifiable CVD RF among women of various ages was revealed: smoking, non-compliance with dietary recommendations, lack of physical activity. Obstetric and gynecological pathologies prevail in younger age groups. In group 1 the studied parameters correspond to normal in most parameters. Significant differences in central and peripheral pressure, arterial stiffness indicators, with the exception of cfPWV, were identified in group 2 in comparison with young women. A comparative analysis of groups 2 and 3 showed a significant difference and worsening of indicators characterizing the degree of development of arterial stiffness, the contribution of the reflected wave and the associated dysfunction of the left ventricle.Conclusion:a comprehensive study of arterial stiffness allows you to identify subclinical changes in the vascular wall and evaluate their progression in women of different age groups.