bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neurosurgery in times of a pandemic: a survey of neurosurgical services during the COVID-19 outbreak in the Veneto region in Italy
Authors: Raneri Fabio , Rustemi Oriela , Zambon Giampaolo , Del Moro Giulia , Magrini Salima , Ceccaroni Yuri , Basso Elisabetta , Volpin Francesco , Cappelletti Martina , Lardani Jacopo , Ferraresi Stefano , Guida Franco , Chioffi Franco , Pinna Giampietro , Canova Giuseppe , d’Avella Domenico , Sala Francesco , Volpin Lorenzo 
Published: December 2020

OBJECTIVEThe purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak and of the subsequent lockdown on the neurosurgical services of the Veneto region in Italy compared to the previous 4 years.METHODSA survey was conducted in all 6 neurosurgical departments in the Veneto region to collect data about surgical, inpatient care and endovascular procedures during the month of March for each year from 2016 to 2020. Safety measures to avoid infection from SARS-CoV-2 and any COVID-19 cases reported among neurosurgical patients or staff members were considered.RESULTSThe mean number of neurosurgical admissions for the month of March over the 2016–2019 period was 663, whereas in March 2020 admissions decreased by 42%. Emergency admissions decreased by 23%. The average number of neurosurgical procedures was 697, and declined by 30% (range −10% to −51% in individual centers). Emergency procedures decreased in the same period by 23%. Subarachnoid hemorrhage and spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage both decreased in Veneto—by 25% and 22%, respectively. Coiling for unruptured aneurysm, coiling for ruptured aneurysm, and surgery for ruptured aneurysm or arteriovenous malformation diminished by 49%, 27%, and 78%, respectively. Endovascular procedures for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) increased by 33% in 2020 (28 procedures in total). There was a slight decrease (8%) in brain tumor surgeries. Neurosurgical admissions decreased by 25% and 35% for head trauma and spinal trauma, respectively, while surgical procedures for head trauma diminished by 19% and procedures for spinal trauma declined by 26%. Admissions and surgical treatments for degenerative spine were halved. Eleven healthcare workers and 8 patients were infected in the acute phase of the pandemic.CONCLUSIONSThis multicenter study describes the effects of a COVID-19 outbreak on neurosurgical activities in a vast region in Italy. Remodulation of neurosurgical activities has resulted in a significant reduction of elective and emergency surgeries compared to previous years. Most likely this is a combined result of cancellation of elective and postponable surgeries, increase of conservative management, increase in social restrictions, and in patients’ fear of accessing hospitals. Curiously, only endovascular procedures for AIS have increased, possibly due to reduced physical activity or increased thrombosis in SARS-CoV-2. The confounding effect of thrombectomy increase over time cannot be excluded. No conclusion can be drawn on AIS incidence. Active monitoring with nasopharyngeal swabs, wearing face masks, and using separate pathways for infected patients reduce the risk of infection.
Treatment of patients with glioma during the COVID-19 pandemic: what we learned and what we take home for the future
Authors: Pessina Federico , Navarria Pierina , Bellu Luisa , Clerici Elena , Politi Letterio Salvatore , Tropeano Maria Pia , Simonelli Matteo , Fornari Maurizio , Scorsetti Marta 
Published: December 2020

OBJECTIVECoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has changed the way in which cancer is treated. Patients with high-grade glioma (HGG) are believed to be in a vulnerable category. The aim of this study was to describe the experience of a hub cancer center and the measures that were put in place for treatment of patients with newly diagnosed and recurrent glioma.METHODSTo prevent in-hospital contagion and preserve the safety of health professionals and patients, specific protocols and strict regulations were introduced. Physical distancing, use of surgical masks, and diligent hand hygiene were adopted. Each case was discussed in a multidisciplinary board meeting before treatment. All patient candidates for surgical procedures were tested for SARS-CoV-2 with a nasopharyngeal swab and a chest CT scan. Indications for surgery were the radiological suspicion of HGG in patients with a good performance status and/or the rapid and progressive occurrence of neurological deficits. Adjuvant treatments were performed only in cases of HGG. This therapy consisted of conventional fractional radiotherapy (RT; 60 Gy/30 fractions) with concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide chemotherapy (TMZCHT) in younger patients; in elderly patients, a short course of RT was employed (40.5 Gy/15 fractions). For recurrent HGG, treatments were assessed after a careful evaluation of the patient’s general condition, neurological status, and risk of early impairment in neurological status if not treated. During simulation CT for the RT plan, each patient underwent a chest CT study. In cases in which an imaging study was suspicious for COVID-19 pneumonia, the patient was immediately isolated and rapidly underwent nasopharyngeal swab testing.RESULTSBetween March 1 and April 30, 2020, 23 HGGs were treated, and these cases are included in the present evaluation. Fifteen patients harboring newly diagnosed glioblastoma (GBM) underwent resection followed by a regimen of chemotherapy and RT, and 3 patients with newly diagnosed anaplastic oligodendroglioma underwent surgery followed by adjuvant RT. Five patients were treated for recurrent GBM, and they received surgery plus adjuvant RT. One patient in whom the simulation CT study was suspicious for COVID pneumonia was tested with a nasopharyngeal swab, which proved positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection. No patients contracted COVID-19 during hospitalization for surgery or during RT treatment. Corticosteroid therapy was administered to all patients beginning on the 1st day of RT.CONCLUSIONSThe authors’ experience during the COVID-19 pandemic showed that patients with HGG can be treated in the most effective manner without a compromise in safety. Careful selection criteria and a multidisciplinary evaluation are pivotal to assessing the optimal therapeutic strategy.
Communication Scenarios of Misunderstanding
Authors: Kazarinova N. V. 
Published: December 2020

Introduction. The proposed paper discusses communication situations of mutual misunderstanding up to mutual rejection of each other by the parties. The research assumption is that misunderstanding in human communication is not necessarily accompanied by its overcoming. “Miscommunication communication” forms a communicative space that reveals the diversity of practices of personal self-realization, intergroup and intercultural interaction, while retaining the perception of the other side as incomprehensible.Methodology and sources. The methodological framework for analysis is a social constructionalist approach to the study of social reality, offering a conceptualization of the practical and observable actions of individuals or, in other words, “what people do when they act”. According to pragmatically oriented methodology, we cannot make an exhaustive conclusion about the internal reasons that motivate people to act in one way or another, but we can consider linguistic and non-linguistic actions that are perceived and interpreted by them as having a certain meaning and, therefore, trigger a certain response. The meanings that communicators give to a message are not pre-defined, but are created, produced, and constructed in a communicative interaction through contextspecific discursive procedures and practices, while also triggering specific socially recognizable types of contexts.Results and discussion. The variant of classification of various types of cognitive and communicative experience acquired by people in situations of misunderstanding is offered. Empirical data are the records of interviews, conversations, and comments that are at our possession. The basis for distinguishing between communicative scenarios of misunderstanding is the values in the range of “expanding one's own experience” ↔ “isolation from others' experience”. The structure of description of the selected situations includes: communicative status of the participant; verbal formulas that determine the choice of vector by the participants of the communication; characteristics of cognitive and communicative experience generated by a situation of misunderstanding; examples and illustrations containing replicas, comments, description of life situations of collision with misunderstanding, corresponding to a specific communicative scenario.Conclusion. Situations of misunderstanding are developed in scenarios that provide their participants with the resources to cope with the threat of risk to their personal or group (cultural) identity. The range of cognitive and communicative practices ranges from recognizing the value of cultural (social) diversity for social and personal development to discriminating against others, including violence and the exclusion of the incomprehensible from interaction. Discussion of the issue of “understanding misunderstanding” makes it possible to fit misunderstanding into the social fabric of human behavior practices as a vital resource for any social community.
انعكاس ممارسات ادارة المعرفة الاستراتيجية في تحسين الاداء المتميز: دراسة استطلاعية لأراء عينة من المديرين العاملين في هيأة البحث والتطوير الصناعي/وزارة الصناعة والمعادن
Authors: Eubayd Fatima alaa aldiyn , Mohammed Atheer Abdullah 
Published: December 2020

تهدف الدراسة الحالية الى التحقق من مستوى تأثير ممارسات ادارة المعرفة الاستراتيجية في تحقيق الاداء المتميز في هيأة البحث والتطوير الصناعي التابعة لوزارة الصناعة والمعادن العراقية، صمم البحث الحالي حسب المنهج الوصفي، ولتحقيق هدف البحث الرئيسي اعلاه، استعمل الباحثان الاستبانة كأداة رئيسة لجمع البيانات، وتمثلت عينة البحث بـ 150 مدير ضمن المستويات الادارية العليا والوسطى في هيأة البحث والتطوير الصناعي ، وقد تم استعمال عدد من التقنيات الاحصائية ضمن برنامجي (AMOS.V25,SPSS.V21) لاغراض معالجة البيانات المجمعة والوصول الى النتائج، وأهم النتائج التي توصلت لها الدراسة وجود علاقة ارتباط وتأثير أيجابية بين ممارسات ادارة المعرفة الاستراتيجية ومؤشرات الاداء المتميز في المنظمة المبحوثة، وهذه النتيجة تقودنا الى استنتاج مفاده بان هيأة البحث والتطوير تستثمر المعرفة بشكل اساسي في تحسين ادائها المتميز ،فضلا عن استكشاف المعرفة وصناعة المعرفة ومشاركتها في مجمل العمليات الرامية لتعزيز ذلك الاداء بشكل تداؤبي . وتبين أهتمام هيأة البحث والتطوير الصناعي بأدائها المتميز وتغرزة بتوظيف ادارة المعرفة الاستراتيجية، وخاصة عندما تستثمر المعرفة بعد استكشافها وصناعة المعنى الاستراتيجي ومشاركتها في ذلك الاهتمام، ويعتبر التركيز حول المؤسسة الواحدة والمتمثلة بهيأة البحث والتطوير/وزارة الصناعة الواحدة وضمن البيئة الواحدة و( البيئة الصناعية) من أبرز محددات هذه الدراسة، اذ من الصعوبة تعميم النتائج العملية الى بيئات وقطاعات العمل الاخرى، تمثلت الاثار العلمية للبحث من خلال التحقق من طبيعة علاقات التأثير والارتباط بين ممارسات ادارة المعرفة الاستراتيجية والاداء المتميز، وتمثلت الآثار الاجتماعية للبحث الحالي في ضرورة زيادة وعي وادراك القيادات الادارية العليا وصناع القرار في المنظمات الصناعية لأهمية المفاهيم الادارية للدراسة الحالية والمتعلقة بالدور الحيوي لممارسات ادارة المعرفة الاستراتيجة في تحقيق اعلى مستويات التميز من الأداء، وهذا البحث مستل من رسالة ماجستير لم تناقش. ويمثل هذا البحث اضافة متواضعة الى المكتبة الاكاديمية العراقي ضمن مجالي ادارة المعرفة والادارة الاستراتيجية من خلال تقديم أنموذج مفاهيمي وتطبيقي متعلق بتأثير ممارسات ادارة المعرفة الاستراتيجية في الاداء المتميز، ورقة بحثية.
أستراتيجيات ادارة العمليات وتأثيرها في بهجة الزبون / دراسة استطلاعية في معمل الكنز
Authors: Jayan Reem Abdulkareem , Shawkat Tamara Nidhal 
Published: December 2020

الغرض: لقياس العلاقة بين استراتيجيات ادارة العمليات كمتغير مستقل على بهجة الزبون كمتغير معتمد.
التصميم/ المنهجية/ المدخل: شملت مفردات عينة البحث مندوبي المبيعات وزبائن الاسواق المبحوثة بنسبة (100%) نسبة الأسترداد تبلغ (95) زبونا و (95) مندوباً لمنتجات هذا المعمل في منطقتي (حي البنوك والكرادة)، أختيروا عشوائياً من مجتمعٍ مفتوح في هاتين المنطقتين السكنيتين . تم استعمال الوسائل الاحصائية (الأوساط الحسابية, الإنحرافات المعيارية, اختبار (t-test), معامل إرتباط هورست (Horst), تحليل الإنحدار البسيط).
النتائج: يحتاج القائمون على ادارة المعمل الأهتمام بالترويج والتحديثات المستمرة التي تتبنى توافر عنصري الإثارة والتشويق بما يحقق توقع ومفاجأة الزبون التي تزيد من بهجته ، بما يحقق زيادة إقبال الزبائن على منتاجتهم .
الاثار العملية: تحديد وتحسين إستراتيجيات ادارة العمليات لتعزيز بهجة الزبائن , وتحقيق اقصى درجات الرضا الا وهي بهجة الزبون .
الاصالة/ القيمة: يعد البحث أضافة جديدة للدراسات في الربط بين المتغيرين ,كما جاء البحث لزيادة قوة القطاع الخاص وتشجيع الانتاج واستقلالية البلد والسيطرة على الاسواق المحلية .
Patient Characteristics, Diagnostic Delays, Treatment Patterns, Treatment Outcomes, Comorbidities, and Treatment Costs of Acromegaly in China: A Nationwide Study
Authors: Guo Xiaopeng , Wang Kailu , Yu Siyue , Gao Lu , Wang Zihao , Zhu Huijuan , Xing Bing , Zhang Shuyang , Dong Dong 
Published: December 2020

PurposeAcromegaly is a rare, intractable endocrine disease. We aimed to describe the patient characteristics, diagnostic delays, treatment patterns, treatment outcomes, comorbidities and treatment costs of acromegaly in China.MethodsThis is a nationwide cross-sectional study. Patients diagnosed with and treated for acromegaly between 1996 and 2019 across China were surveyed via the Chinese Association of Patients with Acromegaly platform.ResultsIn total, 473 patients (58.8% females, mean age at diagnosis: 39.4±9.5 years) were included. The median disease duration was 3 years. The most common symptoms were extremity enlargement (91.8%) and facial changes (90.1%). Overall, 63.0% of patients experienced diagnostic delays within healthcare systems; 63.8% of the delays were &lt;1 year. The most common first-line therapy was surgery with a transsphenoidal (76.1%) or transcranial approach (3.2%). Somatostatin analogues or dopamine agonists were administered in 20.5% of the patients as first-line therapies and in 41.7% as adjuvant therapies. Radiotherapy was performed in 32.1% of patients, 99.3% of whom received radiotherapy as an adjuvant therapy. After a median 5-year follow-up, 46.2% achieved biochemical control. Comorbidities were reported in 88.2% of the patients at follow-up; memory deterioration and thyroid nodules were the most common. Controlled patients had greater improvements in symptoms and comorbidities during follow-up than uncontrolled patients. The annual per-capita cost-of-treatment was $11013 in 2018, with medical treatments being the largest contributor (67%). Medical insurance covered 47.2% of all treatment costs.ConclusionThis study provides the first comprehensive description of real-world acromegaly data in China, serving as a basis for future population-based studies.
A Novel Prognostic Model Incorporating Carcinoembryonic Antigen in 3-Week or Longer Postoperative Period for Stage III Colon Cancer: A Multicenter Retrospective Study
Authors: Fan Jin , Liu Yanlong , Cai Xin , Wang Jingwen , Guo Rui , Ji Yuan , Li Chao , Xu Ye , Li Xinxiang , Zhang Chundong , Zhang Rui , Zhu Ji , Cai Sanjun 
Published: December 2020

BackgroundThe prognostic stratification of colon cancer using only the tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage has some limitations. We sought to increase the accuracy of stratifying patients with stage III colon cancer by constructing a prognostic model combining carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) with TNM.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the data generated from stage III colon cancer patients who had early postoperative CEA measurement from 21 to 100 days after surgery from 2006 to 2017. CEA value was processed using restricted cubic splines (RCS) method. The prognostic model was developed using cox proportional hazards regression.ResultsThe time later than 20 days after surgery was optimal for measuring CEA, which was determined by comparing the prognostic value for preoperative and postoperative CEA (N = 2,049), and by evaluating the relationship between the hazard ratio (HR) and postoperative CEA measuring time. Postoperative CEA, T stage and N stage were selected into the final model, and the mean integrated-AUC (iAUC) was 0.78 with 1,000 × bootstrap resampling, which was higher than the model using only T and N stages (TN model; mean iAUC, 0.66). The net reclassification improvement (NRI) was 15% when compared with TN model. Patients could be divided into high and low risk groups by the model, and 3-year disease-free survival (DFS) were 53.7% and 87.0%, respectively (HR, 4.30; 95% CI, 2.65 to 6.96; P &lt; 0.001). Similar results were found in the validation set.ConclusionsStage III colon cancer could be stratified more accurately using the new prognostic model combining postoperative CEA with T and N stage.
In-Air Electron Streaming Effect for Esophageal Cancer Radiotherapy With a 1.5 T Perpendicular Magnetic Field: A Treatment Planning Study
Authors: Liu Hongdong , Ding Shouliang , Wang Bin , Li Yongbao , Sun Ying , Huang Xiaoyan 
Published: December 2020

PurposeTo investigate the in-air out-of-field electron streaming effect (ESE) for esophageal cancer radiotherapy in the presence of 1.5 T perpendicular magnetic field.MethodsTen esophageal cancer patients treated with conventional Linac were retrospectively enrolled into a cohort of this study, with the prescription of 4,400 cGy/20 fx. All cases received IMRT replanning using Elekta Unity MR-Linac specified Monaco system, denoted as primary plan. To visualize the in-air dose outside the body in Monaco system, an auxiliary structure was created by extending the external structure. For each case, another comparable plan with no magnetic field was created using the same planning parameters. The plan was also recalculated by placing a bolus upon the neck and chin area to investigate its shielding effect for ESE. Dosimetric evaluations of the out-of-field neck and chin skin area and statistical analysis for these plans were then performed.ResultsOut-of-field ESE was also observed in esophageal cancer treatment planning under 1.5 T magnetic field, while totally absent for plans with no magnetic field. On average, the maximum dose to the neck and chin skin area of the primary plan (657.92 ± 69.07 cGy) was higher than that of plan with no magnetic field (281.78 ± 36.59 cGy, p = 0.005) and plan with bolus (398.43 ± 69.19 cGy, p = 0.007). DVH metrics D1cc (the minimum dose to 1 cc volume) of the neck and chin skin for primary plan was 382.06 ± 44.14 cGy, which can be reduced to 212.42 ± 23.65 cGy by using the 1 cm bolus (with p = 0.005), even lower than the plan without magnetic field (214.45 ± 23.82, p = 0.005). No statistically significant difference of the neck and chin skin dose between the plan with bolus and plan with no magnetic field was observed (all with p &gt; 0.05).ConclusionFor MRI guided esophageal cancer radiotherapy, a relatively high out-of-field neck and chin skin doses will be introduced by ESE in the presence of magnetic field. It is therefore recommended to take this into account during the planning phase. Adding bolus could effectively reduce the ESE dose contributions, achieve the shielding effect almost equivalent to the scenario with no magnetic field. Further explorations of measurement verifications for the ESE dose distributions are required.
DIMENSI RELIGIOSITAS MASYARAKAT AMARASI BARAT DALAM MANTRA BOIFANU
Authors: Sanubarianto Salimulloh Tegar , Kembaren Erwin Syahputra 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRAKÂ Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan dimensi religiositas masyarakat Amarasi Barat dalam mantra Boifanu. Teori yang digunakan adalah teori dimensi religiositas Stark dan Glock dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan gambaran umum masyarakat Amarasi Barat dan relasi dimensi religositasnya dengan Boifanu. BoifanuÂ adalah perwujudan dimensi religiositas, spiritual, ritual, pengalaman, dan pengamalan masyarakat Amarasi Barat. Dimensi spiritual terwujud melalui kepercayaan Hauteas yang bersanding dengan kepercayaan Kristen,. Dimensi ritual tergambar dari laku Boifanu. Dimensi pengetahuan dapat dilihat dari kepercayaan masyarakat Amarasi Barat terhadap mekanisme penunjukan pemuka adat.Â Dimensi pengalaman dan pengamalan terproyeksi dari fungsi sosial Boifanu sebagai mantra permohonan sebelum masyarakat Amarasi Barat melakukan peperangan.Â Â Â Â Kata kunci: dimensi religiositas, boifanu, amarasi baratÂ
La Iglesia católica como factor de secularización entre los campesinos andinos migrantes en Jaén
Authors: Lecaros Véronique 
Published: December 2020

Este artículo presenta el involucramiento de los religiosos en la protección del medioambiente en el Vicariato de Jaén, confiado por la Santa Sede a la dirección de la Compañía de Jesús. Los campesinos de la región, que provienen de la sierra, explotan su nuevo hábitat según las tradiciones de sus ancestros formadas en otro entorno. Estos métodos de cultivo se insertan en una cosmovisión encantada del mundo. Los religiosos, para fomentar prácticas respetuosas del medioambiente, luchan contra las creencias nocivas y propician una comprensión racional y científica, por ende, secularizada de la situación. El efecto es, sin embargo, mitigado. Resulta muy complejo extraer un tema de una cosmovisión global. Además, los campesinos, en situación a menudo de precariedad, han asimilado la lógica y las aspiraciones de la sociedad de consumo. No basta entonces con buenas técnicas; se necesita, como lo afirma el papa Francisco, un equilibrio respetuoso entre seres humanos y entre estos y la naturaleza. Estas reflexiones se enmarcan en el debate internacional sobre la buena gestión de la región amazona y su protección.
¿Rituales de juego de pelota, transculturalidad y género en las Américas prehispánicas?
Authors: Noack Karoline 
Published: December 2020

En la perspectiva de la longue durée y en una dimensión americana panregional, este artículo pretende analizar los «juegos de pelota» documentados en los estudios y las fuentes arqueo lógicas y etnohistóricas. Desde Mesoamérica, pasando por la región andina hasta las tierras bajas en Sudamérica, se enfocanen un lente convergente las continuidades y las rupturas sociales unidas en este «juego». De esta manera, se analiza las estructuras físicas, las organizaciones sociorrituales y hasta las materialidades de los «juegos de pelota», ofreciendo una lectura antropológica de las fuentes. De ese modo, se va a determinar que, enfocando las continuidades y rupturas en las diferentes sociedades prehispánicas e históricas hasta el presente desde este ángulo, el «juego» mismo se presenta no solo como tal, sino como encajado en un continuo de deporte, guerra y sacrificio humano. De esa manera, es posible entender mejor las sociedades del pasado, estructuradas también por las relaciones de género, conectándolas con el presente.
Unknowingly, A threshold-crossing movement
Authors: Preston Julieanna 
Published: December 2020

It is in this special issue that the editorial board holds true to our promise to expand the horizons and readership of idea journal while reaching out to associated and adjacent art, design and performance practices and drawing connections to seemingly distant disciplines. The articles in this issue have provenance in a 2019 conference event, Bodies of Knowledge (BOK), which was guided by a similar interdisciplinary ethos. With an emphasis on cultures of practice and communities of practitioners that offer perspectives on inclusion, diversity/neurodiversity and disability, this conference, and this subsequent journal issue, aim to increase knowledge transfer between diverse forms of embodied expertise, in particular, between neuroscience and enactive theories of cognition.