bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Global increase in major tropical cyclone exceedance probability over the past four decades
Authors: Kossin James P. , Knapp Kenneth R. , Olander Timothy L. , Velden Christopher S. 
Published: May 2020

Significance
Tropical cyclones (TCs), and particularly major TCs, pose substantial risk to many regions around the globe. Identifying changes in this risk and determining causal factors for the changes is a critical element for taking steps toward adaptation. Theory and numerical models consistently link increasing TC intensity to a warming world, but confidence in this link is compromised by difficulties in detecting significant intensity trends in observations. These difficulties are largely caused by known heterogeneities in the past instrumental records of TCs. Here we address and reduce these heterogeneities and identify significant global trends in TC intensity over the past four decades. The results should serve to increase confidence in projections of increased TC intensity under continued warming.
Physiological levels of folic acid reveal purine alterations in Lesch-Nyhan disease
Authors: López José M. , Outtrim Esther L. , Fu Rong , Sutcliffe Diane J. , Torres Rosa J. , Jinnah H. A. 
Published: May 2020

Significance
Fibroblasts from patients with Lesch-Nyhan disease (LND) do not show any significant nucleotide alteration when they are maintained in regular culture medium, which typically contains artificially high levels of folic acid. However, they show ATP depletion and accumulation of 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide riboside 5′-monophosphate (ZMP; an intermediary of the novo purine biosynthetic pathway) when the culture medium has physiological levels of folic acid. A derivative of ZMP (AICAr) is present in the urine and the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with LND, but not in control individuals, suggesting that a similar situation may occur in vivo. The manipulation of folic acid levels may therefore provide a valuable strategy to further study the pathogenesis of LND.
Absence of Sac2/INPP5F enhances the phenotype of a Parkinson’s disease mutation of synaptojanin 1
Authors: Cao Mian , Park Daehun , Wu Yumei , De Camilli Pietro 
Published: May 2020

Significance
Extensive genetic studies have identified numerous genes whose mutations results on Parkinson’s disease (PD), including synaptojanin 1 (SJ1/Park20), a nerve terminal enriched protein that includes an inositol 4-phosphatase domain (Sac domain). In addition, many PD candidate genes have been identified by genome-wide association studies, but for most of these genes, the link to PD remains hypothetical. One such gene is Sac2/INPP5F, which, interestingly, also includes an inositol 4-phosphatase domain. While Sac2KO mice do not show obvious defects, we show a striking synthetic effect in mice of the KO of Sac2 and the Sac domain mutation of SJ1 found in PD patients. These findings support a synergistic role of SJ1 and Sac2 on a PI4P pool whose dysfunction results in PD.
Scalar ambiguities
Authors: Pietrzak Wit 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This article focuses on an interrelation of various scales of perception in Tom McCarthy’s Satin Island (2015). Basing itself on Timothy Clark’s delineation of scalar ambiguities, it argues that Satin Island’s main protagonist, U, embodies a process of growing awareness of the world’s infinite complexity, discovering personal authenticity by withdrawing from action. His perspective is contrasted with the all-pervading Koob-Sassen, which represents a level of complicatedness that contradicts an individual perspective and the possibility of causal thinking. Finally, U’s entire narrative is cast into doubt by an oil spil, signifying a global occurrence whose rift effects are impossible to gauge, let alone predict. As these various scales are explored, the article shows that the novel thematises different levels of what Clark terms the Anthropocene disorder, in which human action can counterintuitively bring about catastrophic consequences.
Indoor dust extracellular vesicles promote cancer lung metastasis by inducing tumour necrosis factor‐α
Authors: Dinh Nhung Thi Hong , Lee Jaewook , Lee Jaemin , Kim Sang Soo , Go Gyeongyun , Bae Seoyoon , Jun Ye In , Yoon Yae Jin , Roh Tae‐Young , Gho Yong Song 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACTIndoor pollutants are important problems to public health. Among indoor pollutants, indoor dust contains extracellular vesicles (EVs), which are associated with pulmonary inflammation. However, it has not been reported whether indoor dust EVs affect the cancer lung metastasis. In this study, we isolated indoor dust EVs and investigated their roles in cancer lung metastasis. Upon intranasal administration, indoor dust EVs enhanced mouse melanoma lung metastasis in a dose‐dependent manner in mice. Pre‐treatment or co‐treatment of indoor dust EVs significantly promoted melanoma lung metastasis, whereas post‐treatment of the EVs did not. In addition, the lung lysates from indoor dust EV‐treated mice significantly increased tumour cell migration in vitro. We observed that tumour necrosis factor‐α played important roles in indoor dust EV‐mediated promotion of tumour cell migration in vitro and cancer lung metastasis in vivo. Furthermore, Pseudomonas EVs, the main components of indoor dust EVs, and indoor dust EVs showed comparable effects in promoting tumour cell migration in vitro and cancer lung metastasis in vivo. Taken together, our results suggest that indoor dust EVs, at least partly contributed by Pseudomonas EVs, are potential promoting agents of cancer lung metastasis.
Comparative H diffusion measurement through metal and non-metal nano-layers using optical sensing
Authors: Soroka O , Sturm J M , Lee C J , Bijkerk F 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
In this work, a technique for hydrogen diffusion measurements through thin films is proposed and demonstrated. A yttrium film, which changes its refractive index upon hydrogen absorption, is used as an optical sensor to detect hydrogen. The yttrium sensor is coated with a thin (up to 12 nm) layer of test material and exposed to atomic hydrogen. To ensure that the calculated diffusion constant is not artificially changed by surfaces processes, the test layer is coated with palladium. Hydrogen diffusion through test layers of Si, Al, Ag, Ru, Mo, Al2O3 and SiO2 were measured and compared with existing data. The hydrogenation time (time to form YH2) was found to exponentially scale with the enthalpy of hydrogen solution in the test material. Comparison between measured diffusion coefficients for different film thicknesses, as well as previously reported results, highlights the strong dependence of the diffusion constant on sample fabrication conditions, and hydrogen exposure conditions. It is concluded that diffusion through thin films can be reliably compared only when specimen form and exposure conditions are the same. The relevance of this study for applications is discussed.
Hidden analytic relations for two-loop Higgs amplitudes in QCD
Authors: Jin Qingjun , Yang Gang 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
We compute the Higgs plus two-quark and one-gluon amplitudes (

H
→
q

q

¯

g

) and Higgs plus three-gluon amplitudes (

H
→
3
g

) in the Higgs effective theory with a general class of operators. By changing the quadratic Casimir C

F
to C

A
, the maximally transcendental parts of the

H
→
q

q

¯

g

amplitudes turn out to be equivalent to that of the

H
→
3
g

amplitudes, which also coincide with the counterparts in


=
4

SYM. This generalizes the so-called maximal transcendentality principle to the Higgs amplitudes with external quark states, thus the full QCD theory. We further verify that the correspondence applies also to two-loop form factors of more general operators, in both QCD and scalar-YM theory. Another interesting relation is also observed between the planar

H
→
q

q

¯

g

amplitudes and the minimal density form factors in


=
4

SYM.
Full Core Optimization of Small Modular Gas-Cooled Fast Reactors Using OpenMC Program Code
Authors: Ilham Muhammad , Raflis Helen , Suud Zaki 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Indonesia has many small regions and islands with low electrification ratio that needs small power plants. Gas-cooled Fast Reactors (GCFR) is one of the fourth generations of an advanced nuclear power plant with an improved safety system and optimum electricity production that match Indonesia’s energy needs. The neutronic analysis study and optimization of small modular GCFR has been performed with Monte Carlo method OpenMC code that use computational parallelization to speed up calculation time. The full core reactor design is cylindrical with a radius 100 cm and height is 120 cm. Additional 50 cm of radius and 40 cm for the height for the reflector. The core using several types of fuel composed of natural Uranium mixed with spent fuel Plutonium. The variation in fuel fraction pin and percentages of Plutonium in fuel to achieved optimum core design. The design of core reactor has flattened flux and power distribution.
Neutronic Analysis of Modular Gas-cooled Fast Reactor for 5-25% of Plutonium Fuel using Parallelization MCNP6 Code
Authors: Raflis Helen , Ilham M. , Su’ud Zaki , Waris Abdul , Irwanto Dwi 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Modular Gas-cooled Fast Reactor (GFR) is one of six advanced reactor concepts set by the generation IV international forum. Modular GFR has the potential for use actinide recycling and closed fuel cycle as well as applying fast reactor, using helium gas as the main coolant, high working temperature and low void reactivity effect. The neutronic analysis of nuclear reactor means behavior study of subatomic particles that interact with matter. In this paper, the feasibility of plutonium fuel in modular Gas-cooled Fast Reactor (GFR) was investigated. The Monte Carlo method has advantages in full-scale and heterogeneous three-dimensional (3D) geometry modeling using Evaluated Nuclear Data File (ENDF/B-VIII.b5) nuclear data but requires a highly computation time. Since the progress of high performance computing, the reactor physicist community began proposing to use Monte Carlo method for nuclear reactor simulation through the parallelization of calculations. The GFR feasibility design study will carried out with plutonium fuel as fuel cycle inputs with 5-25% of fissile contain. The most important neutronic parameters characterizing of GFR core are determined for beginning of life (BOL) and during burnup calculation conditions. The results of calculation series in parallel computing give the good agreement will be faster of calculation time when more threads. Materials of (U-Pu)C and (U-Pu)N fuel are the good candidates to be chosen in GFR research that give keff more than 1.2 in fissile contain 20%Pu. The variation fissile contain gives the linearity with keff. In depletion simulation, the core reactor still in critical during 20 years operation, burn up values linear with operation time and mass evolution of plutonium and uranium from start-up core to equilibrium core.
Conceptual Analysis of (Th,U-233)O2 Fueled Small Long-Life PWR with Np-237 and Pa-231 as Burnable Poison
Authors: Napirah Mardiana , Su’ud Zaki 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Conceptual analysis of (Th,U-233)O2 fueled small long-life PWR with Np-237 and Pa-231 as burnable poison has been performed. The fuel used is (Th,U-233)O2 with Th-232 and U-233 as fertile-fissile nuclides pair with 8% U-233 and addition of Pa-231 and Np-237 as burnable poison (BP). This study aims to investigate optimum design of fuel and core configuration and the performance of reactor. The calculation is done by SRAC2006 code developed by JAEA and is based on JENDL-4.0 library. Cell calculation conducted by PIJ module shows that optimum design is reached at 60% of fuel volume fraction and 6% of burnable poison. Core optimization calculation by CITATION module for two dimensional (R – Z) core geometry shows that reactor could reach 60 years of lifetime at 150 MWt power level which correspond to 25.36 power density. Calculation for heterogen reactor shows that reactor with BP combination of 8% of Pa-231 at center zone and 6% of Pa-231 at outer zone has better performance with 60 years of operation period than reactor with combination of 8% of Np-237 at center zone and 6% of Pa-231 at outer zone that reaches 46 years lifetime.
Safety assessment of pressure vessel components for Reaktor Daya Eksperimental
Authors: Sudadiyo S , Taryo T , Rokhmadi  , Saragi E , Nugroho A , Setiadipura T , Bakhri S , Hartini E , Krismawan  , Subekti M , Sunaryo G R 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The 10 MW Indonesia’s Reaktor Daya Eksperimental (RDE) which is to be constructed in Serpong Nuclear Zone, Puspiptek and was firstly developed in 2014 is expected to be operational in 2022/2023. The RDE is expected to be a landmark to Indonesia for a nuclear power technology provider in the imminent futurity. Till the end of 2018, the RDE is focused on the basic design including its reactor pressure vessel (RPV). This research paper presents mechanical stresses assessment on basic design of RPV structure components for RDE in ensuring the safety design targets of RDE which are no dangerous radioactive release to the workers, populations, and environments even in the worst accident. Results are presented from the structural stresses assessment under following conditions such as thermal loading, operating pressure, and mechanical loads. The geometric models and dimensions of pressure vessel components within the basic design calculations had been performed by using computer code RPV_RDE.exe in the previous work. These components were designed in accordance with ASME code specification for SA516-70 carbon steel plate. In this work, finite element analysis is applied to assess the occurred structure mechanical stresses upon those RPV components. This work recommends that the RPV components of RDE are safe in the basic design calculations by analysis approach as described in model simulations.
Gamma heat analysis in various power levels of RSG G.A. Siwabessy silicide core
Authors: Rohanda A , Waris A , Kurniadi R , Kiswanta  , Husnayani I 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Reaktor Serba Guna G.A. Siwabessy (RSG-GAS, previous name MPR-30) is the largest research reactor in Southeast Asia that acts as a national facility to irradiate material. Gamma heat is a very important factor for the safety analysis in every material irradiation activity at the irradiation facility. Gamma heat is the main research topic of several forms of safety investigations at world research reactors. Gamma heat information is useful to predict the temperature of the material to be irradiated and negligence in predicting gamma heat can cause overheating. Gamma heat values are very dependent on the characteristics of the reactor core. Changes in reactor power can affect the core characteristics. RSG-GAS is designed to have a 30 MWth of nominal power but it is currently operated at 15 MWth power level. In this study observed changes in gamma heat as a function of reactor power and material target on the Central Irradiation Position (CIP) silicide core of RSG-GAS by using a modified GAMSET program. Modifications are made by adjusting the material and power configuration in the core. The results of the analysis show that gamma heat will be increase in accordance with the increase in power level in various material targets such as graphite (C), aluminium (Al), iron (Fe) and zirconium (Zr). Gamma heat also tends to increase according to the increase of atomic number target. Verification has been carried out with the results of calculations in the 35 MWth CEA Grenoble reactor with the smallest yield difference of 1.23% in the graphite target and 2.71% in the iron target.
High-efficiency forming processes for complex thin-walled titanium alloys components: state-of-the-art and perspectives
Authors: Wang Kehuan , Wang Liliang , Zheng Kailun , He Zhubin , Politis Denis J , Liu Gang , Yuan Shijian 
Published: May 2020

AbstractComplex thin-walled titanium alloy components play a key role in the aircraft, aerospace and marine industries, offering the advantages of reduced weight and increased thermal resistance. The geometrical complexity, dimensional accuracy and in-service properties are essential to fulfill the high-performance standards required in new transportation systems, which brings new challenges to titanium alloy forming technologies. Traditional forming processes, such as superplastic forming or hot pressing, cannot meet all demands of modern applications due to their limited properties, low productivity and high cost. This has encouraged industry and research groups to develop novel high-efficiency forming processes. Hot gas pressure forming and hot stamping-quenching technologies have been developed for the manufacture of tubular and panel components, and are believed to be the cut-edge processes guaranteeing dimensional accuracy, microstructure and mechanical properties. This article intends to provide a critical review of high-efficiency titanium alloy forming processes, concentrating on latest investigations of controlling dimensional accuracy, microstructure and properties. The advantages and limitations of individual forming process are comprehensively analyzed, through which, future research trends of high-efficiency forming are identified including trends in process integration, processing window design, full cycle and multi-objective optimization. This review aims to provide a guide for researchers and process designers on the manufacture of thin-walled titanium alloy components whilst achieving high dimensional accuracy and satisfying performance properties with high efficiency and low cost.
Molecular Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in FFPE Samples and Histopathologic Findings in Fatal SARS-CoV-2 Cases
Authors: Sekulic Miroslav , Harper Holly , Nezami Behtash G , Shen Daniel L , Sekulic Simona Pichler , Koeth Aaron T , Harding Clifford V , Gilmore Hannah , Sadri Navid 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Objectives
To report methods and findings of 2 autopsies with molecular evaluation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) positive individuals.

Methods
Postmortem examination was completed following Centers for Disease Control and Prevention public guidelines. Numerous formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue types from each case were surveyed for SARS-CoV-2 RNA by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). SARS-CoV-2 viral genome was sequenced by next-generation sequencing (NGS) from FFPE lung tissue blocks.

Results
Postmortem examinations revealed diffuse alveolar damage, while no viral-associated hepatic, cardiac, or renal damage was observed. Viral RNA was detected in lungs, bronchi, lymph nodes, and spleen in both cases using qRT-PCR method. RNA sequencing using NGS in case 1 revealed mutations most consistent with Western European Clade A2a with ORF1a L3606F mutation.

Conclusions
SARS-CoV-2 testing and viral sequencing can be performed from FFPE tissue. Detection and sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 in combination with morphological findings from postmortem tissue examination can aid in gaining a better understanding of the virus’s pathophysiologic effects on human health.
Late-Onset Upper Eyelid and Brow Edema as a Long-Term Complication of Hyaluronic Acid Filler Injection
Authors: Dubinsky-Pertzov Biana , Bernardini Francesco P , Or Lior , Gazit Inbal , Hartstein Morris E 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundLate-onset upper eyelid edema is an uncommonly recognized complication of hyaluronic acid (HA)-based filler injection to the supraorbital area.ObjectivesThe authors sought to report their experience in diagnosing and managing late-onset upper eyelid edema.MethodsThis was a noncomparative, retrospective study of a series of 17 consecutive patients who presented with upper eyelid edema 6 to 24 months after uneventful HA filler injection in the supraorbital area.ResultsThe study group included 17 female patients. The average time of presentation was 13.9 months. Thirteen patients (76.4%) were satisfied after hyaluronidase and requested no further treatment (observation only); 4 patients (23.5%) elected to receive HA filler re-treatment, with satisfactory results. All patients were followed-up for at least 6 months after the re-treatment.ConclusionsThe incidence of late-onset upper eyelid edema is likely to increase as the number of patients undergoing HA filler injection to the supraorbital area increases. Our study emphasizes the importance of recognizing this condition and suggests a suitable noninvasive treatment with satisfying results for both the patient and the physician.Level of Evidence: 4
Discovery of multi-operon colinear syntenic blocks in microbial genomes
Authors: Svetlitsky Dina , Dagan Tal , Ziv-Ukelson Michal 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Motivation
An important task in comparative genomics is to detect functional units by analyzing gene-context patterns. Colinear syntenic blocks (CSBs) are groups of genes that are consistently encoded in the same neighborhood and in the same order across a wide range of taxa. Such CSBs are likely essential for the regulation of gene expression in prokaryotes. Recent results indicate that colinearity can be conserved across multiple operons, thus motivating the discovery of multi-operon CSBs. This computational task raises scalability challenges in large datasets.

Results
We propose an efficient algorithm for the discovery of cross-strand multi-operon CSBs in large genomic datasets. The proposed algorithm uses match-point arithmetic, which is scalable for large datasets of microbial genomes in terms of running time and space requirements. The algorithm is implemented and incorporated into a tool with a graphical user interface, called CSBFinder-S. We applied CSBFinder-S to data mine 1485 prokaryotic genomes and analyzed the identified cross-strand CSBs. Our results indicate that most of the syntenic blocks are exclusively colinear. Additional results indicate that transcriptional regulation by overlapping transcriptional genes is abundant in bacteria. We demonstrate the utility of CSBFinder-S to identify common function of the gene-pair PulEF in multiple contexts, including Type 2 Secretion System, Type 4 Pilus System and DNA uptake machinery.

Availability and implementation
CSBFinder-S software and code are publicly available at https://github.com/dinasv/CSBFinder.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Efficiency of PEG secondary concentration and PCR for the simultaneous concentration and quantification of foodborne bacteria, viruses and protozoa
Authors: Monteiro Silvia , Smigic Nada , Rajkovic Andreja , Santos Ricardo 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT
Fresh fruits are a potential source of many different pathogens, including bacteria, enteric viruses and protozoa that may pose serious health risks. The consumption of raspberries has been widely associated with large foodborne outbreaks and because of the low concentration at which most of these pathogens are found, sensitive and accurate detection methods are required. Methods that would allow for an accurate and sensitive simultaneous elution and concentration of the different classes of pathogens would decrease the time for analysis, the costs associated and the expertise necessary. In this study we explored the use of polyethylene glycol (PEG) secondary concentration to simultaneously concentrate bacteria, enteric viruses and protozoa from raspberries. PEG secondary concentration showed good recovery rates for all the organisms tested. This work indicates that PEG secondary concentration followed by quantitative (Reverse Transcription) Polymerase Chain Reaction (q(RT)PCR) may be a relevant alternative to standardized methods for the simultaneous concentration of bacteria, enteric viruses and protozoa.