bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metal Mirrors from Altai Sites of the Xiongnu Time
Authors: Tishkin Alexey A. , Seregin Nikolay N. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Metal mirrors are important indicators when reconstructing the history of the ancient peoples of Altai on the basis of archaeological materials. Among the latter there are imported products, recorded in the mounds of the Xiongnu time (2nd century BC – 1st century AD). The article gives an overview of the results of a comprehensive study of the mirrors. Only one mirror was found intact, and the rest are represented by fragments. This collection of 19 archaeological items is divided into two groups, reflecting the direction of contacts of the Altai population in this period. The first demonstrates Chinese products that could have entered the region indirectly from the Xiongnu who dominated Inner Asia. Some of them were made in the previous period, but were used for a long time. The analyses of metal alloys from the Yaloman-II site supplements the conclusions made during the visual examination. The second group, through its origin, is associated with the cultures of the so-called Sarmatian circle, whose sites were located to the west of the Altai. A separate section of the article is devoted to a discussion of reconstruction of some aspects of the social history of the nomads and their world.
The Church’s Journey through Time
Authors: Liston Gregory John 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Applying the methodology of Third Article Theology to the doctrine of eschatology enables the development of a nuanced understanding of the church’s journey through time. Just as Spirit Christology has revealed insights into Christ’s humanity and growth, similarly a Spirit eschatology informs an understanding of the church’s transformation and development. Such a Spirit eschatology complements rather than replaces the more common christologically focused eschatologies, painting a picture of the Spirit working through but not being beholden to the church, leading us in cruciform lives that echo Christ’s overarching metanarrative.
The Spirit that Makes Us (Number) One
Authors: Green Chris 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Charles Parham’s racism is well known, but the relationship between his racism, his ecclesiology, and his doctrine of Spirit baptism and “missionary tongues” is still not fully appreciated. Early in the pentecostal movement, Pentecostals rejected Parham and quickly abandoned his doctrine of xenolalia alone as “the Bible evidence” of Spirit baptism. But Ashon Crawley’s recent work suggests that the logic of Parham’s racist/colonialist doctrine left a lasting mark on (white) pentecostal theology and practice. In the first parts of the article I explore the effects of racism and colonialism on Pentecostalism, and in the final section I respond to that history by proposing, in conversation with William Seymour’s teachings, a doctrine of mission and tongues-speech that purposefully contradicts the “white-settler” logic of Parham’s teachings.
On Kierkegaard’s “The Difference between a Genius and an Apostle”
Authors: Hart Patrick 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In “The Difference Between a Genius and an Apostle,” Kierkegaard deploys the figure of Paul as the archetype of an apostle, who “does not develop in such a way as he gradually becomes what he is [according to potentiality].” This claim would seem at odds with much contemporary Pauline scholarship, which understands Paul’s writings as an ad hoc, developing, quasi-guerrilla sort of theology. While this may be the case, Kierkegaard’s essay is nonetheless deserving of attention, for it highlights an issue that arguably remains a tacit foundation of Pauline studies – namely, the identification and resulting allure of Paul as an inherently authoritative figure in early Christianity.
Conviviality as Diasporic Knowledge
Authors: Heil Tilmann 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Based on my time with im/mobile West Africans in Senegal and Spain since 2007, I propose conviviality to conceptualise the complexity of my interlocutors’ local and diasporic tactics and views of living with difference. Simple everyday encounters such as greeting and dwelling in urban spaces serve to disentangle their various levels of reflection, habitual expectations and tactical action. They had local to global reference frameworks at their disposal. Not pretending to represent their knowledge, I discuss the inspirations I received from trying to understand what they shared with me non/verbally regarding living with difference. To start from this decentred set of premises challenges established Western/Northern politics of living with difference. Through conviviality, I show a distinct way of engaging multiple and overlapping ways of differentiating and homogenising practices and raise awareness for the importance and feasibility of minimal socialities in diasporic configurations, transnational migrations and the respective local urban contexts.
المفتي والتحديث: التقنيات الطبية الحديثة وأثرها على مرجعية الشريعة
Authors: حافظ فاطمة 
Published: December 2019

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يناقش هذا البحث أشكال تعاطي بعض المفتين والمثقفين الإصلاحيين مع سياسات التحديث الطبي، فيدرس موقف بعض مفتي العصر الحديث من الوسائل الطبية الحديثة التي فرضتها الدولة من دون وجود قناعة اجتماعية بها ودون الرجوع إلى علماء الشريعة. يحلل البحث وجهات النظر المختلفة تجاه التحديث الطبي وتحدياته، بالاعتماد على النصوص التي دوّنها بعض المفتين في العصر الحديث وعلى بعض الوثائق التاريخية التي حوتها السجلات القضائية للوقوف على صورة صادقة عن التصورات المعيارية لدى هؤلاء المفتين، مقارنةً بمجريات الواقع وحركة المجتمع. توزع البحث على ثلاثة محاور، بحث أولها مواقف مفتي ذلك العصر من التقنيات الطبية الحديثة كالكورنتينة والتطعيم والتشريح، وعالج ثانيها تأثير إدماج هذه التقنيات في الجهاز القضائي على الأحكام القضائية، وعلى طرق الإثبات التي كانت متَّبَعة من قِبَل المفتي وشكلَ استجابته لذلك، وأثر الجمود على التقليد الفقهي في غياب قيمة العدالة القضائية مما أعاق استمرارية مرجعية الشريعة في الجهاز القانوني للدولة. أما المحور الثالث فتناول اجتهاد الإصلاحيين في هذا المجال والأثر الذي تركه ذلك على فقهاء المؤسسة الدينية الرسمية.
Bound to Happen
Authors: Mukharji Aroop , Zeckhauser Richard 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This paper argues that historical analysis, necessarily written with hindsight, often underestimates the uncertainties of the past. We call this tendency explanation bias. This bias leads individuals—including professional historians—to imply greater certainty in causal analyses than the evidence justifies. Their analyses will treat what is plausible to be probable. We offer a few intuitions about why explanation bias exists, its relation to other well-established psychological biases, what it leads to, and how it might be combatted. Appreciating the depth of uncertainty and ignorance in our world is critical for accurately understanding, interpreting, and drawing from the past to illuminate the present and the near future.
Wind-Forced Variability of the Remote Meridional Overturning Circulation
Authors: Spall Michael A. , Nieves David 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe mechanisms by which time-dependent wind stress anomalies at midlatitudes can force variability in the meridional overturning circulation at low latitudes are explored. It is shown that winds are effective at forcing remote variability in the overturning circulation when forcing periods are near the midlatitude baroclinic Rossby wave basin-crossing time. Remote overturning is required by an imbalance in the midlatitude mass storage and release resulting from the dependence of the Rossby wave phase speed on latitude. A heuristic theory is developed that predicts the strength and frequency dependence of the remote overturning well when compared to a two-layer numerical model. The theory indicates that the variable overturning strength, relative to the anomalous Ekman transport, depends primarily on the ratio of the meridional spatial scale of the anomalous wind stress curl to its latitude. For strongly forced systems, a mean deep western boundary current can also significantly enhance the overturning variability at all latitudes. For sufficiently large thermocline displacements, the deep western boundary current alternates between interior and near-boundary pathways in response to fluctuations in the wind, leading to large anomalies in the volume of North Atlantic Deep Water stored at midlatitudes and in the downstream deep western boundary current transport.
Non-Gaussian Probability Densities of Convection Initiation and Development Investigated Using a Particle Filter with a Storm-Scale Numerical Weather Prediction Model
Authors: Kawabata Takuya , Ueno Genta 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Non-Gaussian probability density functions (PDFs) in convection initiation (CI) and development were investigated using a particle filter with a storm-scale numerical prediction model and an adaptive observation error estimator (NHM-RPF). An observing system simulation experiment (OSSE) was conducted with a 90-min assimilation period and 1000 particles at a 2-km grid spacing. Pseudosurface observations of potential temperature (PT), winds, water vapor (QV), and pseudoradar observations of rainwater (QR) in the lower troposphere were created in a nature run that simulated a well-developed cumulonimbus. The results of the OSSE (PF) show a significant improvement in comparison to ensemble simulations without any observations. The Gaussianity of the PDFs for PF in the CI area was evaluated using the Bayesian information criterion to compare goodness-of-fit of Gaussian, two-Gaussian mixture, and histogram models. The PDFs are strongly non-Gaussian when NHM-RPF produces diverse particles over the CI period. The non-Gaussian PDF of the updraft is followed by the upper-bounded PDF of the relative humidity, which produces non-Gaussian PDFs of QV and PT. The PDFs of the cloud water and QR are strongly non-Gaussian throughout the experimental period. We conclude that the non-Gaussianity of the CI originated from the non-Gaussianity of the updraft. In addition, we show that the adaptive observation error estimator significantly contributes to the stability of PF and the robustness to many observations.
Factors Related to Employment Outcomes for Vocational Rehabilitation Consumers with Visual Impairments: A Systematic Review
Authors: Lund Emily M. , Cmar Jennifer L. 
Published: December 2019

Introduction: The purpose of this article was to conduct a systematic review of peer-reviewed studies on factors related to employment in consumers who are visually impaired using Rehabilitation Services Administration (RSA-911) Case Service Report data. Methods: We used database, hand, and ancestral search strategies to systematically identify peer-reviewed studies published between 1990 and August 2018 where researchers used RSA-911 data to address the target question. All included articles were coded by two reviewers for study and participant characteristics, quality indicators, and outcomes. Results: Nine articles consisting of 14 analyses were included. Twelve analyses concerned employment outcomes; two concerned earnings. Researchers in most studies used large samples of 3,000 or more consumers and used multivariable analyses, most commonly multilevel logistic regression. Factors that consistently predicted lower employment across studies included presence of a secondary disability and legal blindness; higher education level consistently predicted higher employment, as did earnings and self-support at vocational rehabilitation application. Few analyses included state- or agency-level variables or specific vocational rehabilitation services. Discussion: These results indicate that certain groups of vocational rehabilitation consumers with visual impairments may be at greater risk of unsuccessful closures; researchers should examine specific strategies that may improve outcomes in these groups. These results also highlight the importance of education in securing employment among people with visual impairments. Researchers should examine state- and agency-level variables that may affect outcomes as well as the effects of specific services on outcomes. Additionally, researchers should analyze factors that may affect employment quality as well as employment outcomes. Implications for practitioners: Practitioners who are working with visually impaired people who do not have a postsecondary degree should encourage and assist their clients in obtaining one; practitioners may also wish to provide more targeted support for consumers from potentially high-risk subpopulations.
Differentiating mild and substantial hepatic fibrosis from healthy controls: a comparison of diffusion kurtosis imaging and conventional diffusion-weighted imaging
Authors: Xie Shuangshuang , Li Qing , Cheng Yue , Zhou Li , Xia Shuang , Li Jia , Shen Wen 
Published: December 2019

Background Early and accurate detection of liver fibrosis are important for clinical treatment. Purpose To compare the diagnostic accuracy of liver diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) and conventional diffusion-weighted imaging (cDWI) in differentiating patients with mild and substantial fibrosis from normal individuals. Material and Methods Twenty-seven healthy volunteers with no fibrosis (S0) and 45 patients with mild (S1) or substantial (S2) liver fibrosis underwent DWI with multiple b-values. Liver mean apparent diffusion (MD) and mean kurtosis (MK) values derived from DKI and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) derived from cDWI were measured and compared. Their discriminative abilities were analyzed and compared by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results Significant differences in MD and ADC values were found between groups ( P < 0.05). MD value was statistically different between S0 and S1 ( P = 0.028) and S0 and S2 ( P = 0.005). ADC value was statistically different between S0 and S2 ( P = 0.012). MK value was similar between groups ( P = 0.646). MD and ADC values significantly correlated with fibrosis stages ( rs = −0.668, −0.341; P < 0.01). MK values had no correlation with fibrosis stages ( rs = 0.180; P = 0.130). The area under ROC curves (AUC) for MD and ADC was 0.937 and 0.707 for characterization of S1–2 and 0.817 and 0.658 for S2, respectively. MD performed better than ADC for characterization of S1–2 and S2 ( P < 0.05). Conclusion Differentiating patients with mild or substantial fibrosis from normal individuals is feasible using DKI, which performs better than cDWI.
Prognostic significance of U2AF1 mutations in myelodysplastic syndromes: a meta-analysis
Authors: Li Bixia , Zou Duobing , Yang Shujun , Ouyang Guifang , Mu Qitian 
Published: December 2019

Introduction Although the effects of U2 small nuclear RNA auxiliary factor 1 gene ( U2AF1) mutations on the outcomes of patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) have previously been investigated, their prognostic significance remains controversial. We performed a meta-analysis to investigate the impact of U2AF1 mutations on MDS progression. Methods Two reviewers independently extracted information such as hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidential intervals (CIs) for overall survival (OS) and leukemia-free survival (LFS) as well as the number of surviving patients each year after diagnosis from the included studies. Results Thirteen studies with a total of 3038 patients were included. The summary odds ratio (OR) for U2AF1 mutations with an OS of 5 years was 0.37, the summary HR for U2AF1 mutations in OS was 1.60, and the summary OR for an OS of 5 years in patients with U2AF1S34 and U2AF1Q157 was 3.68. There were no significant differences in leukemia-free survival or hypomethylating therapy response between patients with and without U2AF1 mutations. Conclusion U2AF1 mutations were associated with poor survival in MDS patients, and patients with U2AF1Q157 had a worse OS than those with U2AF1S34. Our findings suggest that MDS patients with U2AF1 mutations could benefit more from hypomethylation therapy.
Compassion fatigue in healthcare providers: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Cavanagh Nicola , Cockett Grayson , Heinrich Christina , Doig Lauren , Fiest Kirsten , Guichon Juliet R , Page Stacey , Mitchell Ian , Doig Christopher James 
Published: December 2019

Background: Compassion fatigue is recognized as impacting the health and effectiveness of healthcare providers, and consequently, patient care. Compassion fatigue is distinct from “burnout.” Reliable measurement tools, such as the Professional Quality of Life scale, have been developed to measure the prevalence, and predict risk of compassion fatigue. This study reviews the prevalence of compassion fatigue among healthcare practitioners, and relationships to demographic variables. Methods: A systematic review was conducted using key words in MEDLINE, PubMed, and Ovid databases. Data were extracted from a total of 71 articles meeting inclusion criteria, from studies measuring compassion fatigue in healthcare providers using a validated instrument. Quantitative and qualitative data were extracted and compiled by three independent reviewers into an evidence table that included basic study characteristics, study strength and quality determination, measurements of compassion fatigue, and general findings. Meta-analysis, where data allowed, was stratified by Professional Quality of Life version, heterogeneity was quantified, and pooled means were reported with 95% confidence interval. A table of major study characteristics and results was created. Ethical consideration: This paper contains no primary data obtained directly from research participants. Data obtained from previously published resources have been acknowledged within references. Psychological distress, particularly compassion fatigue, can be insidious, no health profession is immune, and may significantly impact the ability to provide care. Results: A total of 71 studies were included. Compassion fatigue was reported across all practitioner groups studied. Relationships to most demographic variables such as years of experience and specialty were either not statistically significant or unclear. Variability in reporting of Professional Quality of Life results was found. Interpretation: Compassion fatigue exists across diverse practitioner groups. Prevalence is highly variable, and its relationship with demographic, personal, and/or professional variables is inconsistent. Questions are raised about how to mitigate compassion fatigue.
Posterior Arthroscopic Reduction and Internal Fixation for Treatment of Posterior Malleolus Fractures
Authors: Martin Kevin D. 
Published: December 2019

Posterior malleolus fractures and pilon variants refer to a pattern of fractures involving the posterior weightbearing surface of the tibial plafond. The surgical indications for fixation of posterior malleolus fractures varies considerably throughout the literature, based on the size and/or displacement. There is controversy on how to best address fracture fixation, with the main workhorses being either the posterior-lateral approach or indirect anterior-posterior–directed screws. We present an alternative technique for posterior malleolus fracture fixation using a direct posterior arthroscopic-assisted reduction internal fixation method. With this method, posterior malleolus fractures are reduced arthroscopically and percutaneous fixation is placed through the arthroscopic portals. Level of Evidence: Level V, expert opinion
Inequities in Pediatric Abusive Head Trauma According to Neighborhood Social and Material Deprivation: A Population-Level Study in British Columbia, Canada
Authors: Beaulieu Emilie , Jiang Andy , Zheng Alex , Rajabali Fahra , Pike Ian 
Published: December 2019

Objectives: To explore the relationship between neighborhood social and material deprivation and the rates of abusive head trauma (AHT), and whether it differs according to sex, and following the implementation of the Period of PURPLE Crying ( PURPLE) program. Method: A cross-sectional study design was applied to data from children 0 to 24 months old with a confirmed AHT diagnosis between 2005 and 2017 in British Columbia. Dissemination area–based social and material deprivation scores were assigned to residential areas, where AHT cases were recorded. Poisson regression models tested the relationship between deprivation scores and AHT rates, adding sex and pre–post program implementation as interaction terms. Results: With each increase in material and social deprivation quintiles, AHT rates increased by 42% (95% CI [1.18, 1.72]) and 25% (95% CI [1.06, 1.51]), respectively, following a social gradient. AHT rate disparities between neighborhoods did not change following the PURPLE program implementation. Conclusions: This study stresses the need to provide additional AHT prevention services proportionately to the levels of neighborhood disadvantage, in addition to universal AHT programs, to successfully protect all children.
Long Noncoding RNA PTTG3P Expression Is an Unfavorable Prognostic Marker for Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Bai Hansong , Luo Xing , Liao Dongxu , Xiong Wei , Zeng Ming , Zheng Bo 
Published: December 2019

Objective: PTTG3P, which maps to chromosome 8q13.1, is a novel long noncoding RNA with oncogenic properties in cancers. In this study, we aimed to investigate the prognostic value of PTTG3P in terms of overall survival and recurrence-free survival and its potential regulatory network and transcription pattern in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Patients and Methods: An in silico analysis was performed using data from the Cancer Genome Atlas-Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Results: Results showed that the high PTTG3P expression group was consistently associated with shorter overall survival and recurrence-free survival, regardless of pathological stages or tumor grade. High PTTG3P expression was an independent indicator of shorter overall survival (hazard ratio: 2.177, 95% confidence interval: 1.519-3.121, P < .001) and recurrence-free survival (hazard ratio: 2.222, 95% confidence interval: 1.503-3.283, P < .001). The genes strongly coexpressed with PTTG3P are enriched in several KEGG pathways that are closely associated with carcinogenesis and malignant transformation of hepatocellular carcinoma. Conclusion: Based on the findings, we infer that PTTG3P expression might serve as an independent prognostic biomarker in primary hepatocellular carcinoma.