bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bio-inspired broadband absorbers induced by copper nanostructures on natural leaves
Authors: Dao Trung Duc , Pham Dinh Dat , Nguyen Thi An Hang , Tran Thi Viet Ha , Vu Hoang Chung , Pham Tien Thanh 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn this work, two copper-based biometamaterials were engineered using leaves of water cabbage (Pistia stratiotes) and purple bauhinia (Phanera purpurea) as templates. The copper sputtering was implemented to produce a thin copper film on the surface of leaves. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images exhibited the root hair-like nanostructure of water cabbage leaf and single comb-like nanostructure of purple bauhinia leaf. In spite of copper coating, the leaf surfaces of water cabbage and purple bauhinia were black and exhibited excellent light absorption at visible and near infrarrred wavelengths. It was estimated that these two types of leaves could absorb roughly 90% of light. Finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) calculations predicted the low reflectance stemming from the leaf nanostructures and copper coating layer. Because of the low cost of copper as a coating metal and simple procedure, this can be a promising method for quick fabrication of a thin copper film on the leaf nanostructure for application in blackbody or as the light absorbers.
Oligomers of the lipodystrophy protein seipin may co-ordinate GPAT3 and AGPAT2 enzymes to facilitate adipocyte differentiation
Authors: Sim M. F. Michelle , Persiani Elisa , Talukder Md. Mesbah Uddin , Mcilroy George D. , Roumane Ahlima , Edwardson J. Michael , Rochford Justin J. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSeipin deficiency causes severe congenital generalized lipodystrophy (CGL) and metabolic disease. However, how seipin regulates adipocyte development and function remains incompletely understood. We previously showed that seipin acts as a scaffold protein for AGPAT2, whose disruption also causes CGL. More recently, seipin has been reported to promote adipogenesis by directly inhibiting GPAT3, leading to the suggestion that GPAT inhibitors could offer novel treatments for CGL. Here we investigated the interactions between seipin, GPAT3 and AGPAT2. We reveal that seipin and GPAT3 associate via direct interaction and that seipin can simultaneously bind GPAT3 and AGPAT2. Inhibiting the expression of seipin, AGPAT2 or GPAT3 led to impaired induction of early markers of adipocyte differentiation in cultured cells. However, consistent with normal adipose mass in GPAT3-null mice, GPAT3 inhibition did not prevent the formation of mature adipocytes. Nonetheless, loss of GPAT3 in seipin-deficient preadipocytes exacerbated the failure of adipogenesis in these cells. Thus, our data indicate that GPAT3 plays a modest positive role in adipogenesis and argue against the potential of GPAT inhibitors to rescue white adipose tissue mass in CGL2. Overall, our study reveals novel mechanistic insights regarding the molecular pathogenesis of severe lipodystrophy caused by mutations in either seipin or AGPAT2.
Retaining information from multidimensional correlation MRI using a spectral regions of interest generator
Authors: Pas Kristofor , Komlosh Michal E. , Perl Daniel P. , Basser Peter J. , Benjamini Dan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMultidimensional correlation magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an emerging imaging modality that is capable of disentangling highly heterogeneous and opaque systems according to chemical and physical interactions of water within them. Using this approach, the conventional three dimensional MR scalar images are replaced with spatially resolved multidimensional spectra. The ensuing abundance in microstructural and chemical information is a blessing that incorporates a real challenge: how does one distill and refine it into images while retaining its significant components? In this paper we introduce a general framework that preserves the spectral information from spatially resolved multidimensional data. Equal weight is given to significant spectral components at the single voxel level, resulting in a summarized image spectrum. This spectrum is then used to define spectral regions of interest that are utilized to reconstruct images of sub-voxel components. Using numerical simulations we first show that, contrary to the conventional approach, the proposed framework preserves spectral resolution, and in turn, sensitivity and specificity of the reconstructed images. The retained spectral resolution allows, for the first time, to observe an array of distinct $${T}_{1}$$

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components images of the human brain. The robustly generated images of sub-voxel components overcome the limited spatial resolution of MRI, thus advancing multidimensional correlation MRI to fulfilling its full potential.
MiR-23b-3p reduces the proliferation, migration and invasion of cervical cancer cell lines via the reduction of c-Met expression
Authors: Campos-Viguri Gabriela Elizabeth , Peralta-Zaragoza Oscar , Jiménez-Wences Hilda , Longinos-González Alma Edith , Castañón-Sánchez Carlos Alberto , Ramírez-Carrillo Miriam , Camarillo César López , Castañeda-Saucedo Eduardo , Jiménez-López Marco Antonio , Martínez-Carrillo Dinorah Nashely , Fernández-Tilapa Gloria 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMalignant transformation and progression in cancer is associated with the altered expression of multiple miRNAs, which are considered as post-transcriptional regulators of genes participating in various cellular processes. Although, it has been proposed that miR-23b-3p acts as a tumor suppressor in cervical cancer (CC), not all the pathways through which it alters the cellular processes have been described. The present study examines whether miR-23b-3p directly represses the c-Met expression and that consequently modifies the proliferation, migration and invasion of C33A and CaSki cells. c-Met has five microRNA response elements (MREs) for miR-23b-3p in the 3′-UTR region. The ectopic overexpression of miR-23b-3p significantly reduces c-Met expression in C33A and CaSki cells. The overexpression of miR-23b-3p reduces proliferation, migration and invasion of CaSki cells and the proliferation and invasion in C33A cells. In CaSki cells, the activation of Gab1 and Fak, downstream of c-Met, is reduced in response to the overexpression of miR-23b-3p. Together, the results in the present study indicate that miR-23b-3p is a tumor suppressor that modulates the progression of CC via post-transcriptional regulation of the c-Met oncogene.
Secondary Metabolites Profiled in Cannabis Inflorescences, Leaves, Stem Barks, and Roots for Medicinal Purposes
Authors: Jin Dan , Dai Kaiping , Xie Zhen , Chen Jie 
Published: February 2020

AbstractCannabis research has historically focused on the most prevalent cannabinoids. However, extracts with a broad spectrum of secondary metabolites may have increased efficacy and decreased adverse effects compared to cannabinoids in isolation. Cannabis’s complexity contributes to the length and breadth of its historical usage, including the individual application of the leaves, stem barks, and roots, for which modern research has not fully developed its therapeutic potential. This study is the first attempt to profile secondary metabolites groups in individual plant parts comprehensively. We profiled 14 cannabinoids, 47 terpenoids (29 monoterpenoids, 15 sesquiterpenoids, and 3 triterpenoids), 3 sterols, and 7 flavonoids in cannabis flowers, leaves, stem barks, and roots in three chemovars available. Cannabis inflorescence was characterized by cannabinoids (15.77–20.37%), terpenoids (1.28–2.14%), and flavonoids (0.07–0.14%); the leaf by cannabinoids (1.10–2.10%), terpenoids (0.13–0.28%), and flavonoids (0.34–0.44%); stem barks by sterols (0.07–0.08%) and triterpenoids (0.05–0.15%); roots by sterols (0.06–0.09%) and triterpenoids (0.13–0.24%). This comprehensive profile of bioactive compounds can form a baseline of reference values useful for research and clinical studies to understand the “entourage effect” of cannabis as a whole, and also to rediscover therapeutic potential for each part of cannabis from their traditional use by applying modern scientific methodologies.
A cohort study: The Association Between Autoimmune Disorders and Leptospirosis
Authors: Teh Soon-Hian , You Ren-In , Yang Yu-Cih , Hsu Chung Y. , Pang Cheng-Yoong 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThere are limited studies on the association between systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (SARDs) and leptospirosis. Therefore, this study aims to identify the effects of leptospirosis on the risks of developing SARDs with a nationwide retrospective cohort study. Patients with leptospirosis who did not have a diagnosis of SARDs before the index date were enrolled from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database between 2000 and 2010, as the leptospirosis cohort. For each patient with leptospirosis, one control without a history of leptospirosis and SARDs was randomly selected (non-leptospirosis cohort). Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to analyze the risk of SARDs according to sex, age, and comorbidities. Among the 23 million people in the cohort, 3,393 patients with leptospirosis (68.91% men, mean age 52.65 years) and 33,930 controls were followed for 18,778 and 232,999 person-years, respectively. The incidence of SARDs was higher in the leptospirosis cohort than in the non-leptospirosis cohort (1.38 vs 0.33 per 1000 person-years), with a hazard ratio (HR) of 4.42 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.82–6.92). The risk of developing SARDs was highest for leptospirosis patients aged ≥65 years (HR = 2.81% CI = 1.07–7.36) compared with patients aged ≤39 years. Patients with leptospirosis have a 4.42-fold higher risk of SARDs than that in the general population. Further research is warranted to investigate the mechanism underlying this association.
Macular Ganglion Cell-Inner Plexiform Layer Thickness Prediction from Red-free Fundus Photography using Hybrid Deep Learning Model
Authors: Lee Jinho , Kim Young Kook , Ha Ahnul , Sun Sukkyu , Kim Yong Woo , Kim Jin-Soo , Jeoung Jin Wook , Park Ki Ho 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe developed a hybrid deep learning model (HDLM) algorithm that quantitatively predicts macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (mGCIPL) thickness from red-free retinal nerve fiber layer photographs (RNFLPs). A total of 789 pairs of RNFLPs and spectral domain-optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) scans for 431 eyes of 259 participants (183 eyes of 114 healthy controls, 68 eyes of 46 glaucoma suspects, and 180 eyes of 99 glaucoma patients) were enrolled. An HDLM was built by combining a pre-trained deep learning network and support vector machine. The correlation coefficient and mean absolute error (MAE) between the predicted and measured mGCIPL thicknesses were calculated. The measured (OCT-based) and predicted (HDLM-based) average mGCIPL thicknesses were 73.96 ± 8.81 µm and 73.92 ± 7.36 µm, respectively (P = 0.844). The predicted mGCIPL thickness showed a strong correlation and good agreement with the measured mGCIPL thickness (Correlation coefficient r = 0.739; P < 0.001; MAE = 4.76 µm). Even when the peripapillary area (diameter: 1.5 disc diameters) was masked, the correlation (r = 0.713; P < 0.001) and agreement (MAE = 4.87 µm) were not changed significantly (P = 0.378 and 0.724, respectively). The trained HDLM algorithm showed a great capability for mGCIPL thickness prediction from RNFLPs.
Comparison between blood pressure during obstructive respiratory events in REM and NREM sleep using pulse transit time
Authors: Almeneessier Aljohara S. , Alshahrani Mana , Aleissi Salih , Hammad Omeima S. , Olaish Awad H. , BaHammam Ahmed S. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractRapid eye movement-predominant obstructive sleep apnea has been shown to be independently associated with hypertension. This study aimed to non-invasively measure blood pressure during the rapid eye movement (REM) and non-rapid eye movement (NREM) obstructive events and the post-obstructive event period. Thirty-two consecutive continuous positive airway pressure-naïve obstructive sleep apnea patients (men, 50%) aged 50.2 ± 12 years underwent overnight polysomnography. Blood pressure was assessed indirectly using a validated method based on the pulse transit time and pulse wave velocity during the NREM and REM obstructive events (both apneas and hypopneas) and the post-obstructive event period. Among the recruited patients, 10 (31.3%) had hypertension. Mean apnea-hypopnea index was 40.1 ± 27.6 events/hr. Apnea-hypopnea indexes were 38.3 ± 30.6 and 51.9 ± 28.3 events/hr for NREM and REM sleep, respectively. No differences were detected in obstructive respiratory event duration or degree of desaturation between REM and NREM sleep. Additionally, no difference in blood pressure (systolic and diastolic) was detected between REM and NREM sleep during obstructive events and post-obstructive event period. Simple linear regression identified history of hypertension as a predictor of increased systolic blood pressure during obstructive events and post-obstructive event period in both rapid eye movement and non-rapid eye movement sleep. Oxygen desaturation index was also a predictor of increased systolic blood pressure during obstructive events and post-obstructive event period in REM sleep. When obstructive event duration and the degree of desaturation were comparable, no difference in blood pressure was found between REM and NREM sleep during obstructive events and post-obstructive event period.
Group A Streptococcus establishes pharynx infection by degrading the deoxyribonucleic acid of neutrophil extracellular traps
Authors: Tanaka Mototsugu , Kinoshita-Daitoku Ryo , Kiga Kotaro , Sanada Takahito , Zhu Bo , Okano Tokuju , Aikawa Chihiro , Iida Tamako , Ogura Yoshitoshi , Hayashi Tetsuya , Okubo Koshu , Kurosawa Miho , Hirahashi Junichi , Suzuki Toshihiko , Nakagawa Ichiro , Nangaku Masaomi , Mimuro Hitomi 
Published: February 2020

AbstractGroup A Streptococcus (GAS) secretes deoxyribonucleases and evades neutrophil extracellular killing by degrading neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). However, limited information is currently available on the interaction between GAS and NETs in the pathogenicity of GAS pharyngitis. In this study, we modified a mouse model of GAS pharyngitis and revealed an essential role for DNase in this model. After intranasal infection, the nasal mucosa was markedly damaged near the nasal cavity, at which GAS was surrounded by neutrophils. When neutrophils were depleted from mice, GAS colonization and damage to the nasal mucosa were significantly decreased. Furthermore, mice infected with deoxyribonuclease knockout GAS mutants (∆spd, ∆endA, and ∆sdaD2) survived significantly better than those infected with wild-type GAS. In addition, the supernatants of digested NETs enhanced GAS-induced cell death in vitro. Collectively, these results indicate that NET degradation products may contribute to the establishment of pharyngeal infection caused by GAS.
Association with Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) Score and In-hospital Mortality and Infection in Acute Heart Failure
Authors: Kato Takao , Yaku Hidenori , Morimoto Takeshi , Inuzuka Yasutaka , Tamaki Yodo , Yamamoto Erika , Yoshikawa Yusuke , Kitai Takeshi , Taniguchi Ryoji , Iguchi Moritake , Kato Masashi , Takahashi Mamoru , Jinnai Toshikazu , Ikeda Tomoyuki , Nagao Kazuya , Kawai Takafumi , Komasa Akihiro , Nishikawa Ryusuke , Kawase Yuichi , Morinaga Takashi , Su Kanae , Kawato Mitsunori , Seko Yuta , Inoko Moriaki , Toyofuku Mamoru , Furukawa Yutaka , Nakagawa Yoshihisa , Ando Kenji , Kadota Kazushige , Shizuta Satoshi , Ono Koh , Sato Yukihito , Kuwahara Koichiro , Ozasa Neiko , Kimura Takeshi 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe high controlling nutritional status (CONUT) score that represents poor nutritional status has been acknowledged to have prognostic implications in chronic heart failure. We aimed to investigate its role in acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF). Using the data from an multicenter registry that enrolled 4056 consecutive patients hospitalized for ADHF in Japan between 2014 and 2016, we analyzed 2466 patients in whom data on the components of the CONUT score at hospital presentation were available. The decrease of lymphocyte count and total cholesterol was assigned with 0, 1, 2, and 3 points and the decrease of albumin was assigned with 0, 2, 4, and 6 points according to the severity. We defined low CONUT score as 0–4 (N = 1568) and high CONUT score as 5–9 (N = 898). The patients in the high CONUT score group were older and more likely to have a smaller body mass index than those in the low CONUT score group. The high CONUT score group was associated with higher rate of death and infection during the index hospitalization compared to the low CONUT score group (9.0% versus 4.4%, and 21.9% versus 12.7%, respectively). After adjusting for confounders, the excess risk of high relative to low CONUT score for mortality and infection was significant (OR: 1.61, 95%CI: 1.05–2.44, and OR: 1.66, 95%CI: 1.30–2.12, respectively). The effect was incremental according to the score. High CONUT score was associated with higher risk for in-hospital mortality and infection in an incremental manner in patients hospitalized for ADHF.
A LOFAR observation of ionospheric scintillation from two simultaneous travelling ionospheric disturbances
Authors: Fallows Richard A. , Forte Biagio , Astin Ivan , Allbrook Tom , Arnold Alex , Wood Alan , Dorrian Gareth , Mevius Maaijke , Rothkaehl Hanna , Matyjasiak Barbara , Krankowski Andrzej , Anderson James M. , Asgekar Ashish , Avruch I. Max , Bentum Mark , Bisi Mario M. , Butcher Harvey R. , Ciardi Benedetta , Dabrowski Bartosz , Damstra Sieds , de Gasperin Francesco , Duscha Sven , Eislöffel Jochen , Franzen Thomas M.O. , Garrett Michael A. , Grießmeier Jean-Matthias , Gunst André W. , Hoeft Matthias , Hörandel Jörg R. , Iacobelli Marco , Intema Huib T. , Koopmans Leon V.E. , Maat Peter , Mann Gottfried , Nelles Anna , Paas Harm , Pandey Vishambhar N. , Reich Wolfgang , Rowlinson Antonia , Ruiter Mark , Schwarz Dominik J. , Serylak Maciej , Shulevski Aleksander , Smirnov Oleg M. , Soida Marian , Steinmetz Matthias , Thoudam Satyendra , Toribio M. Carmen , van Ardenne Arnold , van Bemmel Ilse M. , van der Wiel Matthijs H.D. , van Haarlem Michiel P. , Vermeulen René C. , Vocks Christian , Wijers Ralph A.M.J. , Wucknitz Olaf , Zarka Philippe , Zucca Pietro 
Published: February 2020

This paper presents the results from one of the first observations of ionospheric scintillation taken using the Low-Frequency Array (LOFAR). The observation was of the strong natural radio source Cassiopeia A, taken overnight on 18–19 August 2013, and exhibited moderately strong scattering effects in dynamic spectra of intensity received across an observing bandwidth of 10–80 MHz. Delay-Doppler spectra (the 2-D FFT of the dynamic spectrum) from the first hour of observation showed two discrete parabolic arcs, one with a steep curvature and the other shallow, which can be used to provide estimates of the distance to, and velocity of, the scattering plasma. A cross-correlation analysis of data received by the dense array of stations in the LOFAR “core” reveals two different velocities in the scintillation pattern: a primary velocity of ~20–40 ms−1 with a north-west to south-east direction, associated with the steep parabolic arc and a scattering altitude in the F-region or higher, and a secondary velocity of ~110 ms−1 with a north-east to south-west direction, associated with the shallow arc and a scattering altitude in the D-region. Geomagnetic activity was low in the mid-latitudes at the time, but a weak sub-storm at high latitudes reached its peak at the start of the observation. An analysis of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) and ionosonde data from the time reveals a larger-scale travelling ionospheric disturbance (TID), possibly the result of the high-latitude activity, travelling in the north-west to south-east direction, and, simultaneously, a smaller-scale TID travelling in a north-east to south-west direction, which could be associated with atmospheric gravity wave activity. The LOFAR observation shows scattering from both TIDs, at different altitudes and propagating in different directions. To the best of our knowledge this is the first time that such a phenomenon has been reported.
Expertenkommentar – Zukunft der Revisionschirurgie bei Wirbelsäulenimplantaten: „Low-grade“-Infektion – Differentialdiagnose bei Implantatlockerung
Authors: Feihl Susanne 
Published: February 2020

ZusammenfassungDie Implantatlockerung ist eine klinisch relevante Komplikation nach operativer Stabilisierung der Wirbelsäule. Neben biomechanischen Gründen wird die chronische Infektion als Ursache diskutiert. Eine differenzialdiagnostische Unterscheidung ist oft schwierig, da diese sog. „low-grade“-Infektionen durch niedrig virulente Mikroorganismen ausgelöst werden und sich häufig mit einer subtilen klinischen Symptomatik manifestieren. Der Erregernachweis mit konventionellen mikrobiologischen Verfahren ist durch die Ausbildung eines Biofilms auf der Implantatoberfläche erschwert. Die Diagnosestellung der „low-grade“-Infektionen ist daher eine besondere Herausforderung und erfordert den richtigen Einsatz und die adäquate Interpretation verschiedener diagnostischer Verfahren. Mit der Sonikation kann der Biofilm von Implantaten abgelöst und die Sensitivität der mikrobiologische Diagnostik verbessert werden. Für eine erfolgreiche Therapie Implantat-assoziierter Infektionen ist neben der diagnostischen Aufarbeitung ein abgestimmtes operatives und antibiotisches Vorgehen wichtig. Nach der Entlassung aus dem stationären Bereich sollte eine weitere Anbindung an das Zentrum und der Austausch mit den ambulant/weiterbetreuenden Kollegen gewährleistet sein.
A prospective study of fully covered metal stents for different types of refractory benign biliary strictures
Authors: Sato Tatsuya , Kogure Hirofumi , Nakai Yousuke , Ishigaki Kazunaga , Hakuta Ryunosuke , Saito Kei , Saito Tomotaka , Takahara Naminatsu , Hamada Tsuyoshi , Mizuno Suguru , Tada Minoru , Isayama Hiroyuki , Koike Kazuhiko 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background While endoscopic management of benign biliary strictures (BBSs) is the standard of care, long-term treatment remains the issue in refractory cases, especially for anastomotic strictures after living-donor liver transplantation (LDLT) and hepaticojejunostomy anastomotic strictures (HJAS). The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of a fully covered self-expandable metal stent (FCSEMS) for patients with refractory BBSs.
Methods Patients with BBSs that were unamenable to endoscopic plastic stent placement with a treatment period of more than 6 months were eligible. An FCSEMS was placed endoscopically and removed after 90 days. In patients with surgically altered anatomy, an FCSEMS was placed using a double-balloon endoscope. The primary outcome was stricture resolution at FCSEMS removal. The secondary outcomes included stricture recurrence and adverse events.
Results A total of 30 patients were enrolled: the causes of their BBSs were anastomotic stricture after LDLT in 13, HJAS in 12, post-cholecystectomy in two, chronic pancreatitis in two, and post-hepatectomy in one. The technical success rate of FCSEMS placement was 100 % and all FCSEMSs were successfully removed. The rate of stricture resolution at FCSEMS removal was 96.6 % (91.7 % in the post-LDLT group and 100 % in the HJAS group). Stricture recurrence occurred in three HJAS patients (10.7 %) during a median follow-up period of 15.6 months. Adverse events were observed in 12.1 %: five cholangitis, one pancreatitis, and one perforation.
Conclusion Temporary placement of an FCSEMS was a feasible and effective treatment option for refractory BBSs, especially for post-LDLT strictures and HJAS.