bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of the amino‐terminal fragment of Ara h 1 as a major target of the IgE‐binding activity in the basic peanut protein fraction
Authors: Aalberse Rob C. , Mueller Geoffrey A. , Derksen Ninotska I. L. , Aalberse Joost A. , Edwards Lori L. , Pomés Anna , Lidholm Jonas , Rispens Theo , Briza Peter 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundSmall, basic peanut proteins are often poorly extracted in pH‐neutral buffers that are optimal for the extraction of peanut storage proteins such as Ara h 1. As a result, such proteins are easily missed as potential allergens.ObjectiveTo analyse the allergenic composition of the basic peanut protein (BPP) fraction.MethodsA peanut extract prepared at pH 4 was fractionated by physicochemical procedures. Chemical analysis was performed by SDS‐PAGE and mass spectrometry. Because immunoblotting was found to be inefficient for most of these small basic proteins, IgE‐binding activity was measured by coupling the fractions to CNBr‐activated Sepharose, followed by incubation with sera from 55 Dutch peanut‐allergic children and 125I‐labelled anti‐IgE.ResultsMost IgE reactivity of the BPP fraction was due to the 5‐7 kDa amino‐terminal fragment of Ara h 1. This finding was confirmed by the use of the fragment in recombinant form, to which 25/55 of the sera was IgE‐positive.ConclusionThe amino‐terminal fragment of Ara h 1, a member of a family of small anti‐microbial proteins, is an allergen independent of the carboxy‐terminal fragment of Ara h 1.
Niacin for Parkinson's disease
Authors: Seamon Marissa , Purohit Sharad , Giri Banabihari , Baban Babak , Morgan John , Chong Raymond , Wakade Chandramohan 
Published: December 2019

AbstractParkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease associated with progressive loss of motor function and cognitive decline occurring in 1% of the USA population. There is no cure for PD, and current treatment regimens are directed towards treating symptoms and not treating the underlying cause of the disease. Chronic neuroinflammation is associated with loss of neuronal cells, leading to motor and cognitive decline. Current clinical trials on drugs and nutraceuticals, such as coenzyme Q10 and niacin, are being carried out to delay progression and reduce damage by inflammatory molecules, such as reactive oxygen species and cytokines, in PD patients. In this review, we present available clinical trials and the role of niacin in reducing neuroinflammation in PD.
Validity of single‐point assessments for determining leg pulse wave velocity in sitting and supine positions
Authors: Fryer Simon , Stone Keeron , Zieff Gabriel , Faulkner James , Credeur Daniel , Stoner Lee 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThere has been a great deal of interest into the effects of prolonged sitting on lower limb vascular function. However, most studies use flow‐mediated dilation which is technically challenging. A simpler technique is pulse wave velocity (PWV) which can be estimated at any single arterial site of interest using a number of different calculations (Bramwell–hill [PWVBH], β‐stiffness index [PWVβ] and blood flow [PWVBF]). Findings from this technique would be better inferred if they compare to a standard criterion 2‐point PWV assessment. The current study used ultrasound to determine which estimation of single‐point PWV is most valid. The criterion was traditional ECG‐gated 2‐point (superficial femoral [SF]‐posterior tibialis [PT]) PWV. Single‐point estimates were calculated at the SF and PT arteries in both supine and seated positions. Single‐point PWV was considered valid if the aSEE was <1.0 m·s. Findings show that for both postural positions, the absolute standard error of estimates (aSEE) criterion of <1.0 m·s was not achieved in either the PT or SF arteries using any of the single‐point PWV calculations. However, single‐point calculations consistently demonstrated the lowest error at the SF artery using PWVβ in both supine (SF aSEE = 1.7 vs. PT 2.7 m·s) and seated (SF aSEE = 1.5 vs. PT 3.0 m·s) positions. All single‐point ΔPWV (supine – seated) calculations were higher in sitting, with PWVβ having the closest agreement (ΔSF aSEE 1.7 m·s) to the 2‐point criterion. Single‐point PWV calculations do not directly reflect regional 2‐point PWV. However, they are sensitive to change when moving from supine to seated positions.
Development of the pyruvate kinase deficiency diary and pyruvate kinase deficiency impact assessment: Disease‐specific assessments
Authors: Salek Sam , Boscoe Audra N. , Piantedosi Sarah , Egan Shayna , Evans Christopher J , Wells Ted , Cohen Jennifer , Klaassen Robert J. , Grace Rachael , Storm Michael 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIntroductionCurrently recommended patient‐reported outcome (PRO) measures for patients with pyruvate kinase (PK) deficiency are non‐disease‐specific. The PK Deficiency Diary (PKDD) and PK Deficiency Impact Assessment (PKDIA) were developed to be more targeted measures for capturing the symptoms and impacts of interest to this patient population.MethodsThe instruments were developed based on concept elicitation interviews with 21 adults and modified based on 20 cognitive interviews. The domain structure and item concepts of the PKDD and PKDIA were compared with currently recommended measures, the EORTC QLQ‐C30 and the SF‐36v2®.ResultsThe PKDD is a seven‐item measure of the core signs and symptoms of PK deficiency. The PKDIA is a 14‐item measure of the impacts of PK deficiency on patients’ health‐related quality of life (HRQoL). Minimal similarities were found between the new measures and the EORTC QLQ‐C30 (eg, 43% of concepts were similar to the PKDD; 42% were similar to the PKDIA) and SF‐36v2® (57% of concepts were similar to the PKDD; 17% were similar to the PKDIA).ConclusionsThe PKDD and PKDIA fill a gap in the existing outcomes measurement strategy for PK deficiency. Future work includes psychometric evaluation of these newly developed measures.
Spatial genetic structure in a crustacean herbivore highlights the need for local considerations in Baltic Sea biodiversity management
Authors: De Wit Pierre , Jonsson Per R. , Pereyra Ricardo T. , Panova Marina , André Carl , Johannesson Kerstin 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIncorporating species' eco‐evolutionary responses to human‐caused disturbances remains a challenge in marine management efforts. A prerequisite is knowledge of geographic structure and scale of genetic diversity and connectivity—the so‐called seascape genetic patterns. The Baltic Sea is an excellent model system for studies linking seascape genetics with effects of anthropogenic stress. However, seascape genetic patterns in this area are only described for a few species and are completely unknown for invertebrate herbivores, which constitute a critical part of the ecosystem. This information is crucial for sustainable management, particularly under future scenarios of rapid environmental change. Here, we investigate the population genetic structure among 31 locations throughout the Baltic Sea, of which 45% were located in marine protected areas, in one of the most important herbivores of this region, the isopod crustacean Idotea balthica, using an array of 33,774 genome‐wide SNP markers derived from 2b‐RAD sequencing. In addition, we generate a biophysical connectivity matrix for I. balthica from a combination of oceanographic current models and estimated life history traits. We find population structure on scales of hundreds of kilometers across the Baltic Sea, where genomic patterns in most cases closely match biophysical connectivity, indicating passive transport with oceanographic currents as an important mean of dispersal in this species. We also find a reduced genetic diversity in terms of heterozygosity along the main salinity gradient of the Baltic Sea, suggesting periods of low population size. Our results provide crucial information for the management of a key ecosystem species under expected changes in temperature and salinity following global climate change in a marine coastal area.
Preparation and Certification of Reference Materials (GBW07397, GBW07398, GBW07399 and GBW07400) for Selenium and Other Trace Element Mass Fractions
Authors: Tang Molan , Fan Bolun , Yao Lingyang , Bao Zhengyu , Tian Huan , Ma Zhenzhen , An Ziyi , Ma Ming , Zhang Hongyu , Fu Zhongbiao 
Published: December 2019

The preparation and characterisation of certified reference materials of four selenium‐rich rocks (GBW07397 to GBW07400) are described in this paper. The raw materials were derived from selenium‐rich rocks in two famous seleniferous regions, Enshi Prefecture, Hubei Province and Ziyang County, Shaanxi Province, China. Sample homogeneity and stability were tested by inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry and atomic fluorescence spectrometry. The determined element mass fractions included selenium, arsenic, copper, zinc, molybdenum, cadmium, lead, vanadium and silver. Except for silver, the results of analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the relative standard deviations of the element mass fractions showed that the four materials exhibited good homogeneity and stability. Ten laboratories were involved in an interlaboratory comparison scheme for certification. Eight element mass fractions in the selenium‐rich rocks were assigned as certified values, while only indicative values were obtained for Ag mass fractions. The certified values and expanded uncertainties for the selenium mass fractions in GBW07397–GBW07400 are 0.96 ± 0.05, 1.03 ± 0.05, 49 ± 4 and 38.5 ± 1.9 μg g−1, respectively.
Rosacea: a wholistic review and update from pathogenesis to diagnosis and therapy
Authors: Marson Justin W. , Baldwin Hilary E. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractRosacea is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the central face with multiple overlapping presentations. Recent advancements are reshaping our understanding of rosacea from both a pathophysiologic perspective and clinical approach to therapy, introducing novel agents that have improved patient outcomes and reduced morbidity. In this article, we aim to outline the advancements in understanding, diagnosing, and managing rosacea and to familiarize physicians with the literature, thereby allowing us to better practice safe and effective medicine.
Development, reliability, and validity of the Insulin Treatment Self‐Management Scale
Authors: Karahan Okuroglu Gülten , Karaçanta Atbaş Sema , Ecevit Alpar Şule 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to develop a valid and reliable measuring tool to determine the level of self‐management of insulin treatment by individuals with diabetes.MethodsThis was a methodological instrument development study. This study was conducted in a training and research hospital in Istanbul, Turkey, between January and June 2014.The sample of the study included 311 individuals with diabetes. The item pool was formed with 63 items. The content validity was assessed by 14 experts. The draft scale with 58 items was formed with a five‐point Likert type scale. The structural validity of the scale was assessed via exploratory factor analysis. In the context of reliability analyses, the item‐total score correlation, the split‐half method, and the test‐retest application were used.ResultsThe scale had 32 items and three subscales. The first factor was called “behavioral subdimension,” the second as “cognitive subdimension,” and the third, “affective subdimension.” The total Cronbach alpha value of the scale was 0.91.ConclusionPreliminary validity and reliability was demonstrated for a newly developed scale for measuring insulin treatment self‐management of adult individuals with diabetes.
Long non‐coding RNA F11‐AS1 inhibits HBV‐related hepatocellular carcinoma progression by regulating NR1I3 via binding to microRNA‐211‐5p
Authors: Deng Yibin , Wei Zhongheng , Huang Meijin , Xu Guidan , Wei Wujun , Peng Bin , Nong Shunqiang , Qin Houji 
Published: December 2019

AbstractLong non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) could regulate growth and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, we aimed to investigate the mechanism of lncRNA F11‐AS1 in hepatitis B virus (HBV)–related HCC. The relation of lncRNA F11‐AS1 expression in HBV‐related HCC tissues to prognosis was analysed in silico. Stably HBV‐expressing HepG2.2.15 cells were established to explore the regulation of lncRNA F11‐AS1 by HBx protein, as well as to study the effects of overexpressed lncRNA F11‐AS1 on proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis in vitro. Subsequently, the underlying interactions and roles of lncRNA F11‐AS1/miR‐211‐5p/NR1I3 axis in HBV‐related HCC were investigated. Additionally, the influence of lncRNA F11‐AS1 and miR‐211‐5p on tumour growth and metastasis capacity of HepG2.2.15 cells were studied on tumour‐bearing nude mice. Poor expression of lncRNA F11‐AS1 was correlated with poor prognosis in patients with HBV‐related HCC, and its down‐regulation was caused by the HBx protein. lncRNA F11‐AS1 was proved to up‐regulate the NR1I3 expression by binding to miR‐211‐5p. Overexpression of lncRNA F11‐AS1 reduced the proliferation, migration and invasion, yet induced apoptosis of HepG2.2.15 cells in vitro, which could be abolished by overexpression of miR‐211‐5p. Additionally, either lncRNA F11‐AS1 overexpression or miR‐211‐5p inhibition attenuated the tumour growth and metastasis capacity of HepG2.2.15 cells in vivo. Collectively, lncRNA F11‐AS1 acted as a modulator of miR‐211‐5p to positively regulate the expression of NR1I3, and the lncRNA F11‐AS1/miR‐211‐5p/NR1I3 axis participated in HBV‐related HCC progression via interference with the cellular physiology of HCC.
Inhibition of PFKFB3 suppresses osteoclastogenesis and prevents ovariectomy‐induced bone loss
Authors: Wang Jia , Guan Hanfeng , Liu Hui , Lei Zuowei , Kang Honglei , Guo Qian , Dong Yimin , Liu Huiyong , Sun Yunlong , Fang Zhong , Li Feng 
Published: December 2019

AbstractOsteoclasts are multinucleated cells derived from the monocyte/macrophage cell lineage under the regulation of receptor activator of nuclear factor‐κB ligand (RANKL). In previous studies, stimulation by RANKL during osteoclastogenesis was shown to induce a metabolic switch to enhanced glycolytic metabolism. Thus, we hypothesized that blockage of glycolysis might serve as a novel strategy to treat osteoclast‐related diseases. In the present study, 6‐phosphofructo‐2‐kinase/fructose‐2,6‐bisphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3), an essential regulator of glycolysis, was up‐regulated during osteoclast differentiation. Genetic and pharmacological inhibition of PFKFB3 in bone marrow‐derived macrophages suppressed the differentiation and function of osteoclasts. Moreover, intraperitoneal administration of the PFKFB3 inhibitor PFK15 prevented ovariectomy‐induced bone loss. In addition, glycolytic activity characterized by lactate accumulation and glucose consumption in growth medium was reduced by PFKFB3 inhibition. Further investigation indicated that the administration of L‐lactate partially reversed the repression of osteoclastogenesis caused by PFKFB3 inhibition and abrogated the inhibitory effect of PFK15 on the activation of NF‐κB and MAPK pathways. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that blockage of glycolysis by targeting PFKFB3 represents a potential therapeutic strategy for osteoclast‐related disorders.
Up‐regulation of paired‐related homeobox 2 promotes cardiac fibrosis in mice following myocardial infarction by targeting of Wnt5a
Authors: Bai Wen‐Wu , Tang Zhen‐Yu , Shan Ti‐Chao , Jing Xue‐Jiao , Li Peng , Qin Wei‐Dong , Song Ping , Wang Bo , Xu Jian , Liu Zhan , Yu Hai‐Ya , Ma Zhi‐Min , Wang Shuang‐Xi , Liu Chao , Guo Tao 
Published: December 2019

AbstractCardiac fibrosis is a key factor to determine the prognosis in patient with myocardial infarction (MI). The aim of this study is to investigate whether the transcriptional factor paired‐related homeobox 2 (Prrx2) regulates Wnt5a gene expression and the role in myocardial fibrosis following MI. The MI surgery was performed by ligation of left anterior descending coronary artery. Cardiac remodelling was assessed by measuring interstitial fibrosis performed with Masson staining. Cell differentiation was examined by analysis the expression of alpha‐smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA). Both Prrx2 and Wnt5a gene expressions were up‐regulated in mice following MI, accompanied with increased mRNA and protein levels of α‐SMA, collagen I and collagen III, compared to mice with sham surgery. Adenovirus‐mediated gene knock down of Prrx2 increased survival rate, alleviated cardiac fibrosis, decreased infarction sizes and improved cardiac functions in mice with MI. Importantly, inhibition of Prrx2 suppressed ischaemia‐induced Wnt5a gene expression and Wnt5a signalling. In cultured cardiac fibroblasts, TGF‐β increased gene expressions of Prrx2 and Wnt5a, and induced cell differentiations, which were abolished by gene silence of either Prrx2 or Wnt5a. Further, overexpression of Prrx2 or Wnt5a mirrored the effects of TGF‐β on cell differentiations of cardiac fibroblasts. Gene silence of Wnt5a also ablated cell differentiations induced by Prrx2 overexpression in cardiac fibroblasts. Mechanically, Prrx2 was able to bind with Wnt5a gene promoter to up‐regulate Wnt5a gene expression. In conclusions, targeting Prrx2‐Wnt5a signalling should be considered to improve cardiac remodelling in patients with ischaemic heart diseases.
Post‐Acute Care Locations: Hospital Discharge Destination Reports vs Medicare Claims
Authors: Zhu Ye , Stearns Sally C. 
Published: December 2019

OBJECTIVESAdministrative records such as Medicare fee‐for‐service (FFS) claims provide accurate information on services paid for by Medicare. However, the increasing availability of electronic health records means many researchers may be inclined to rely on data coded in hospital information systems rather than claims. The current quality and accuracy of hospital reports on the use of post‐acute care (PAC) services are not known.DESIGNThis study examined differences in the PAC use between hospital discharge status recorded on Medicare Provider and Analysis Review inpatient hospital records and claims for PAC services.SETTINGIn addition to assessments of the three types of Medicare‐reimbursed PAC (home health agency [HHA], skilled nursing facility [SNF], and inpatient rehabilitation facility [IRF]), the analysis also considered home without PAC services as a default discharge location.PARTICIPANTSThe analysis was conducted using data for FFS beneficiaries who participated in the Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey and had one or more inpatient hospitalizations from 2006 to 2011.MEASUREMENTSThis study measured discrepancies between hospital‐reported discharges to PAC and PAC use based on Medicare claims.RESULTSThe study found that, on average, 27.9% of hospital reports of discharging to Medicare‐covered PAC services were not substantiated by Medicare PAC claims. Among all the discharge pathways, discharging to HHAs had the highest discrepancy rate (29.6%), followed by IRFs (14.7%) and SNFs (13.8%).CONCLUSIONThe study results call for cautions about the extent to which the reported discharge locations on hospital claims may differ from actual PAC services used. Assuming that Medicare FFS claims were complete and accurate, researchers using the discharge status reported on Medicare hospital claims should be aware of possible measurement errors when using hospital‐reported discharge locations. J Am Geriatr Soc 68:847–851, 2020
A Welfare‐Based Analysis of International Monetary Policy Spillovers at the Zero Lower Bound
Authors: HABERIS ALEX , LIPIŃSKA ANNA 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWe study the welfare effects of international monetary policy spillovers at the zero lower bound, focusing on the effects of forward guidance in a large economy (“foreign”) on its smaller trading partner (“home”) in scenarios motivated by the global financial crisis. We find that foreign forward guidance has an overall prosper‐thy‐neighbor effect on the home economy as long as it increases foreign welfare. This finding holds under alternative assumptions about exchange rate pass‐through or the degree of international financial integration. However, foreign forward guidance may worsen the trade‐off between the stabilization objectives of home monetary policy.
Monte Carlo study for correcting the broadened line‐scan profile in scanning electron microscopy
Authors: ZHANG P. 
Published: December 2019

SummaryLine‐scan profile is always broadened due to the probe shape of the primary electron (PE) beam in scanning electron microscopy (SEM), which leads to an inaccurate dimension metrology. Currently, the effective electron beam shape (EEBS) is suggested as the broadening function to overcome this issue for theoretical analysis, rather than the widely used Gaussian profile. However, EEBS is almost impossible to be acquired due to it strongly depends on both the sample topography and the electron beam focusing condition, which makes it is impossible to be applied in practical analysis. Taking the case of gate linewidth measurement, an approach is proposed to find a best‐fit traditional Gaussian profile, which can optimally replace the EEBS in the case of the same sample structure and experimental condition for construction of a database of the parameter in traditional Gaussian profile. This approach is based on the use of the ideal and broadened line‐scan profiles which are both obtained from Monte Carlo (MC) simulation, but respectively by an ideal and a focusing incident electron beam model. The expected value of parameter can be obtained through deconvoluting (here using a maximum‐entropy algorithm) the broadened line‐scan profile then fitting it to the ideal profile. Experimenters can benefit from this database to obtain true line‐scan profiles for accurate gate linewidth measurement. This work should prove useful for samples of other structures and be an extension of the database in the future.
Does occlusal reduction reduce post‐endodontic pain? A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Shamszadeh Sayna , Shirvani Armin , Asgary Saeed 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectivesPain management during endodontic therapy is an important issue in clinical practice. The objective of this systematic review and meta‐analysis was to evaluate the efficacy of occlusal reduction to control the post‐operative endodontic pain in adults undergoing root canal therapy.Materials and methodsElectronic database and manual searches of English papers were conducted up to August 2019 to identify randomised placebo‐controlled trials. The MeSH terms used were (endodontics OR root canal therapy) AND (postoperative pain) AND (occlusal reduction). The primary outcome measure was the post‐operative pain intensity up to 72 hours. Pooled standardised mean differences (SMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using random‐effects inverse variance method. The statistical heterogeneity was assessed using the Cochrane Q test. The significance level was set at P < .05.ResultsIn total, six randomised controlled trials including 344 participants were included. Our meta‐analyses showed that relief of occlusal surface did not significantly reduce the pain intensity scores at 12‐ (SMD = −0.46; 95% CI = −1.24, 0.30; P = .239), 24‐ (SMD = −0.17; 95% CI = −0.73, 0.38; P = .533) and 48‐ (SMD = −0.67; 95% CI = −1.38, 0.03; P = .063) when compared to placebo. However, at 72 hours, patients received intervention showed significant more pain reduction than placebo groups (SMD = −1.07; 95% CI = −1.81, −0.32; P = .005).ConclusionBased on this meta‐analysis, the efficacy of occlusal reduction in post‐endodontic pain control for up to 2 days is not supported. However, on day three, it had a positive influence on the control of post‐endodontic pain.