bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fostering gerontology students’ competence in Interprofessional collaborative practice
Authors: Chau Janita Pak Chun , Lo Suzanne Hoi Shan , Lee Vivian Wing Yan , Yiu Wai Ming , Chiang Helen Chung Yan , Thompson David R. , Lau Alexander Yuk Lun 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundInterprofessional collaborative practice (IPCP) is increasingly recognised as being crucial for the provision of holistic care and optimising health outcomes among older adults, many with multiple complex health problems. However, little is known about the challenges of facilitating this in practice. Therefore, this study explores these issues from the perspective of different healthcare professionals and how this might inform interprofessional education curricula.MethodsSixteen different healthcare professionals working in a variety of aged care (acute, rehabilitative and community) settings were invited to participate in individual semi-structured in-depth interviews designed to: (i) explore the meaning of IPCP; (ii) explore the facilitators of and barriers to IPCP; and (iii) examine the opportunities and challenges in interprofessional gerontological education. All interviews were tape-recorded and transcribed verbatim with thematic analysis conducted by two independent researchers.ResultsThree major themes emerged from the interviews: the need for IPCP; role preparedness, scope and liability; and strategies for interprofessional education. Respondents shared a common belief that IPCP improves the quality of life of older adults in both hospital and community settings by improving person-centred coordinated care and decision making in care planning. However, respondents perceived major barriers to IPCP to be lack of knowledge about healthcare professionals’ scope of practice, lack of training in interprofessional collaboration, professional culture and stereotypes, and liability issues. Suggested approaches to overcome these barriers included innovative teaching and learning approaches, engaging students early on in the curriculum of health professional degree programmes, and enhancing collaborative effective communication in health and social care settings.ConclusionsIt is anticipated that these findings will be used to inform the development of a new interprofessional gerontological education curriculum that aims to enhance students’ competence in IPCP.
Repercussions of the COVID-19 pandemic on the well-being and training of medical clerks: a pan-Canadian survey
Authors: Abbas Myriam , Dhane Malek , Beniey Michèle , Meloche-Dumas Léamarie , Eissa Mohamed , Guérard-Poirier Natasha , El-Raheb Myriam , Lebel-Guay Florence , Dubrowski Adam , Patocskai Erica 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has been an unprecedented and potentially stressful event that inserted itself into the 2019–2020 Canadian medical curriculum. However, its impact on stress and subsequent professional pathways is not well understood. This study aims to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental well-being, training, and career choices of Canadian medical clerks within the first three months of the pandemic. It also aims to assess their use of university support systems and their appreciation of potential solutions to common academic stressors.

Methods
An electronic survey composed of four sections: demographics, stressors experienced during the pandemic, World Health Organization (WHO) well-being index, and stress management and resources was distributed to Canadian clerks.

Results
Clerks from 10 of the 17 Canadian medical faculties participated in this study (n = 627). Forty-five percent of clerks reported higher levels of stress than usual; 22% reconsidered their residency choice; and 19% reconsidered medicine as a career. The factors that were most stressful among clerks were: the means of return to rotations; decreased opportunities to be productive in view of residency match; and taking the national licensing exam after the beginning of residency. The mean WHO well-being index was 14.8/25 ± 4.5, indicating a poor level of well-being among a considerable proportion of students. Clerks who reconsidered their residency choice or medicine as a career had lower mean WHO well-being indices. Most clerks agreed with the following suggested solutions: training sessions on the clinical management of COVID-19 cases; being allowed to submit fewer reference letters when applying to residency; and having protected time to study for their licensing exam during residency. Overall, clerks were less concerned with being infected during their rotations than with the impact of the pandemic on their future career and residency match.

Conclusion
The COVID-19 pandemic had a considerable impact on the medical curriculum and well-being of clerks. A number of student-identified solutions were proposed to reduce stress. The implementation of these solutions throughout the Canadian medical training system should be considered.
The impact of legalization of access to recreational Cannabis on Canadian medical users with Cancer
Authors: Hawley Philippa , Gobbo Monica , Afghari Narsis 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Canada legalized cannabis use for medical purposes in 1999. Legalization of cannabis for recreational purposes in October 2018 offered the opportunity to assess the impact of recreational legalization on cancer patients’ patterns of use to identify learning points that could be helpful to other countries considering similar legislation.

Method
Two identical anonymous cross-sectional surveys were administered to cancer patients in British Columbia 2 months before and 3 months following legalization, with the same eligibility criteria.
The prevalence of medical cannabis use, the distribution of symptoms leading to use, the most common types of cannabis products and sources, reasons for stopping using cannabis, and barriers to access were assessed.

Results
The overall response rate was 27%. Both cohorts were similar regarding age (median = 66 yrs), gender (53% female), and education (approximately 85% of participants had an education level of high school graduation and higher). Respondents had multiple motives for taking cannabis, including to manage multiple symptoms, to treat cancer, and for recreational reasons. The majority of patients in both surveys did not use the legal medical access system.
Comparison of the two cohorts showed that after legalization the prevalence of current cannabis use increased by 26% (23·1% to 29·1%, p-value 0·01), including an increased disclosure of recreational motive for use, from 32 to 40%. However, in the post-legalization cohort more Current Users reported problems getting cannabis (18%) than the pre-legalization cohort (8%), (p-value < 0·01). The most common barrier cited was lack of available preferred products, including edibles, as these were only available from illegal dispensaries.

Conclusions
Results showed that legalization of cannabis for recreational purposes may have an impact on those who use medical cannabis. Impacts include an increase in prevalence of use; problems accessing preferred products legally; higher cost, and difficulties using a legal access system. The desired goal of regulation in reducing harms from use of illegal cannabis products are unlikely to be achieved if the legal process is less attractive to patients than use of illegal sources.
Glioma exosomal microRNA-148a-3p promotes tumor angiogenesis through activating the EGFR/MAPK signaling pathway via inhibiting ERRFI1
Authors: Wang Meng , Zhao Yi , Yu Zhi-Yun , Zhang Ren-De , Li Shu-Ang , Zhang Peng , Shan Ti-Kun , Liu Xue-You , Wang Ze-Ming , Zhao Pei-Chao , Sun Hong-Wei 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Glioma is the most frequent and lethal primary brain malignancy. Amounting evidence has highlighted the importance of exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) in this malignancy. This study aimed to investigate the regulatory role of exosomal miR-148a-3p in glioma.

Methods
Bioinformatics analysis was firstly used to predict the target genes of miR-148a-3p. Exosomes were then extracted from normal human astrocytes and glioma cells. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was applied to determine the expression patterns of miR-148a-3p and ERBB receptor feedback inhibitor 1 (ERRFI1). Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay was applied to verify the direct binding between miR-148a-3p and ERRFI1. Cell counting kit-8 and tube formation assays were further conducted to assess the proliferation and angiogenic properties of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in the co-culture system with exosomes. Lastly, glioma tumor models were established in BALB/c nude mice to study the role of exosomal miR-148a-3p in vivo.

Results
miR-148a-3p was highly expressed, while ERRFI1 was poorly expressed in glioma. miR-148a-3p was found to be enriched in glioma cells-derived exosomes and could be transferred to HUVECs via exosomes to promote their proliferation and angiogenesis. ERRFI1 was identified as a target gene of miR-148a-3p. In addition, miR-148a-3p activated the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway by inhibiting ERRFI1. In the co-culture system, our data demonstrated that glioma cells-derived exosomal miR-148a-3p down-regulated ERRFI1 and activated the EGFR/MAPK signaling pathway, so as to promote cell proliferation and angiogenesis. In vivo experimentation further demonstrated that this mechanism was responsible for the promotive role of exosomal miR-148a-3p in tumorigenesis and angiogenesis.

Conclusion
Taken together, glioma-derived exosomal miR-148a-3p promoted tumor angiogenesis through activation of the EGFR/MAPK signaling pathway by ERRFI1 inhibition.
Suppressive effects of plumbagin on the growth of human bladder cancer cells via PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathways and EMT
Authors: Zhang Renjie , Wang Zijian , You Wenjie , Zhou Fengfang , Guo Zicheng , Qian Kaiyu , Xiao Yu , Wang Xinghuan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Novel chemotherapeutic drugs with good anti-tumor activity are of pressing need for bladder cancer treatment. In this study, plumbagin (PL), a natural plant-derived drug extracted from Chinese herbals, was identified as a promising candidate for human bladder cancer (BCa) chemotherapy.

Methods
The anti-tumor activity of PL was evaluated using a series of in vitro experiments, such as MTT, transwell assay, flow cytometry, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and western blotting. We established xenograft tumors in nude mice by subcutaneous injection with the human bladder cancer T24 cells.

Results
The results showed that PL could inhibit the proliferation, migration and survival of BCa cells (T24 and UMUC3 cells) in a time- and dose-dependent way. We found PL promotes the cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by inhibiting PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, which inhibits cell proliferation. In vivo, anti-tumor activity of PL was further investigated using a BCa cell xenograft mice model. To simulate clinical chemotherapy, the PL were intravenously injected with a dose of 10 mg/kg for 10 times. Compared with the blank control, the tumor weight in PL treated group decreased significantly from 0.57 ± 0.04 g to 0.21 ± 0.06 g (P < 0.001).

Conclusions
In our study. We found PL inhibits the proliferation of T24 and UMUC3 cells in vivo and in vitro, which may play a role through several downstream effectors of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway to promote the cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Meanwhile, we consider that PL may inhibit the migration of bladder cancer cells via EMT suppression and induce ROS generation to make cell apoptosis. This work screened out a novel chemotherapeutic drug (plumbagin) with relatively good anti-tumor activity, which possessed great potential in BCa chemotherapy.
Pleiotropic roles of cold shock proteins with special emphasis on unexplored cold shock protein member of Plasmodium falciparum
Authors: Behl Ankita , Kumar Vikash , Shevtsov Maxim , Singh Shailja 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe cold shock domain (CSD) forms the hallmark of the cold shock protein family that provides the characteristic feature of binding with nucleic acids. While much of the information is available on bacterial, plants and human cold shock proteins, their existence and functions in the malaria parasite remains undefined. In the present review, the available information on functions of well-characterized cold shock protein members in different organisms has been collected and an attempt was made to identify the presence and role of cold shock proteins in malaria parasite. A singlePlasmodium falciparumcold shock protein (PfCoSP) was found inP. falciparumwhich is reported to be essential for parasite survival. Essentiality ofPfCoSPunderscores its importance in malaria parasite life cycle. In silico tools were used to predict the features ofPfCoSPand to identify its homologues in bacteria, plants, humans, and otherPlasmodiumspecies. Modelled structures ofPfCoSPand its homologues inPlasmodiumspecies were compared with human cold shock protein ‘YBOX-1’ (Y-box binding protein 1) that provide important insights into their functioning.PfCoSPmodel was subjected to docking with B-form DNA and RNA to reveal a number of residues crucial for their interaction. Transcriptome analysis and motifs identified inPfCoSPimplicate its role in controlling gene expression at gametocyte, ookinete and asexual blood stages of malaria parasite. Overall, this review emphasizes the functional diversity of the cold shock protein family by discussing their known roles in gene expression regulation, cold acclimation, developmental processes like flowering transition, and flower and seed development, and probable function in gametocytogenesis in case of malaria parasite. This enables readers to view the cold shock protein family comprehensively.
Changes in self-rated health and quality of life among Syrian refugees migrating to Norway: a prospective longitudinal study
Authors: Haj-Younes Jasmin , Strømme Elisabeth Marie , Igland Jannicke , Kumar Bernadette , Abildsnes Eirik , Hasha Wegdan , Diaz Esperanza 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Forced migrants can be exposed to various stressors that can impact their health and wellbeing. How the different stages in the migration process impacts health is however poorly explored. The aim of this study was to examine changes in self-rated health (SRH) and quality of life (QoL) among a cohort of adult Syrian refugees before and after resettlement in Norway.

Method
We used a prospective longitudinal study design with two assessment points to examine changes in health among adult Syrian resettlement refugees in Lebanon accepted for resettlement in Norway. We gathered baseline data in 2017/2018 in Lebanon and subsequently at follow-up one year after arrival. The main outcomes were good SRH measured by a single validated item and QoL measured by WHOQOL-BREF. We used generalized estimating equations to investigate changes in outcomes over time and incorporated interaction terms in the models to evaluate effect modifications.

Results
In total, 353 subjects participated in the study. The percentage of participants reporting good SRH showed a non-significant increase from 58 to 63% RR, 95%CI: 1.1 (1.0, 1.2) from baseline to follow-up while mean values of all four QoL domains increased significantly from baseline to follow-up; the physical domain from 13.7 to 15.7 B, 95%CI: 1.9 (1.6, 2.3), the psychological domain from 12.8 to 14.5 B, 95%CI: 1.7 (1.3, 2.0), social relationships from 13.7 to 15.3 B, 95%CI: 1.6 (1.2, 2.0) and the environmental domain from 9.0 to 14.0 5.1 B, 95%CI: (4.7, 5.4). Positive effect modifiers for improvement in SRH and QoL over time include male gender, younger age, low level of social support and illegal status in transit country.

Conclusion
Our results show that good SRH remain stable while all four QoL domains improve, most pronounced in the environment domain. Understanding the dynamics of migration and health is a fundamental step in reaching health equity.
Self-managed medication abortion outcomes: results from a prospective pilot study
Authors: Moseson Heidi , Jayaweera Ruvani , Raifman Sarah , Keefe-Oates Brianna , Filippa Sofia , Motana Relebohile , Egwuatu Ijeoma , Grosso Belen , Kristianingrum Ika , Nmezi Sybil , Zurbriggen Ruth , Gerdts Caitlin 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
To evaluate the feasibility of conducting a prospective study to measure self-managed medication abortion outcomes, and to collect preliminary data on safety and effectiveness of self-managed medication abortion, we recruited callers to accompaniment groups (volunteer networks that provide counselling through the out-of-clinic medication abortion process by trained counselors over the phone or in-person).

Methods
In 2019, we enrolled callers to three abortion accompaniment groups in three countries into a prospective study on the safety and effectiveness of self-managed medication abortion with accompaniment support. Participants completed up to five interview-administered questionnaires from baseline through 6-weeks after taking the pills. Primary outcomes included: (1) the number of participants enrolled in a 30-day period, (2) the proportion that had a complete abortion; and (3) the proportion who experienced any warning signs of potential or actual complications.

Results
Over the 30-day recruitment period, we enrolled 227 participants (95% of those invited), and retained 204 participants (90%) for at least one study follow-up visit. At the 1-week follow-up, two participants (1%) reported a miscarriage prior to taking the pills, and 202 participants (89% of those enrolled and 99% of those who participated in the 1-week survey) had obtained and taken the medications. Three weeks after taking the medications, 192 (95%) participants reported feeling that their abortion was complete. Three (1.5%) received a surgical intervention, two (1%) received antibiotics, and five (3%) received other medications. Participants did not report any major adverse events.

Conclusion
These results establish the feasibility of conducting prospective studies of self-managed medication abortion in legally restrictive settings. Further, the high effectiveness of self-managed medication abortion with accompaniment support reported here is consistent with high levels of effectiveness reported in prior studies.
Trial registration ISRCTN95769543.
Food industry political practices in Chile: “the economy has always been the main concern”
Authors: Mialon Mélissa , Corvalan Camila , Cediel Gustavo , Scagliusi Fernanda Baeza , Reyes Marcela 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
In the business literature, the term “corporate political activity” (CPA) refers to the political strategies undertaken by corporations to protect or expend their markets, by influencing, directly or indirectly, the policy process. There is evidence that food industry actors use such political practices, which poses a significant threat to public health. Our study objective was to identify the political practices of the food industry in Chile.

Results
In Chile, food industry actors supported community initiatives, particularly those targeted at children and those focused on environmental sustainability. Food industry actors also funded research through prizes, scholarships, and by supporting scientific events. Food industry actors lobbied against the development and implementation of a front-of-pack nutrition labelling policy, including with support from the Ministries of Economy, Agriculture and Foreign Affairs. Food industry actors, for example, claimed that there would be unintended negative consequences for society and the economy, and that the policy would breach trade agreements. The same arguments were used against a proposed tax increase on sugar-sweetened beverages. Food industry actors stressed their crucial role in the Chilean economy and claimed to be part of the solution in the prevention and control of obesity, with a particular focus on their efforts to reformulate food products, and their support of physical activity initiatives. Interviewees noted that the political influence of the food industry is often facilitated by the neo-liberal and market-driven economy of Chile. Nevertheless, this system was questioned through social protests that started in the country during data collection.

Conclusions
In Chile, food industry actors used numerous action- and argument-based CPA practices which may influence public health policy, research, and practice. Despite strong influence from the food industry, Chile adopted a front-of-pack nutrition labelling policy. While the country has some measures in place to manage the interactions between government officials or public health professionals, and the industry, there is still a need to develop robust mechanisms to address undue influence from corporations.
Design and synthesis of multi-target directed 1,2,3-triazole-dimethylaminoacryloyl-chromenone derivatives with potential use in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Karimi Askarani Hajar , Iraji Aida , Rastegari Arezoo , Abbas Bukhari Syed Nasir , Firuzi Omidreza , Akbarzadeh Tahmineh , Saeedi Mina 
Published: October 2020

AbstractTo discover multifunctional agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD), a new series of 1,2,3-triazole-chromenone derivatives were designed and synthesized based on the multi target-directed ligands approach. The in vitro biological activities included acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) inhibition as well as anti-Aβ aggregation, neuroprotective effects, and metal-chelating properties. The results indicated a highly selective BuChE inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 21.71 μM for compound 10h as the most potent compound. Besides, compound 10h could inhibit self-induced Aβ1–42 aggregation and AChE-induced Aβ aggregation with 32.6% and 29.4% inhibition values, respectively. The Lineweaver–Burk plot and molecular modeling study showed that compound 10h targeted both the catalytic active site (CAS) and peripheral anionic site (PAS) of BuChE. It should be noted that compound 10h was able to chelate biometals. Thus, the designed scaffold could be considered as multifunctional agents in AD drug discovery developments.