bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New approach for the design shear resistance of headed studs in profiled steel sheeting with ribs transverse to supporting beam
Authors: Konrad Matthias , Eggert Florian , Kuhlmann Ulrike , Schorr Johannes 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis article presents new equations for the design shear resistance of headed studs in solid concrete slabs and new reduction factors that consider the influence of profiled steel sheeting with ribs transverse to the supporting beam. Comparisons with push‐out test results show that the current reduction factor kt in Eurocode 4 does not take sufficiently into account parameters such as geometry or position of the headed stud in the rib. Therefore, the mean shear test results are overestimated by the current equations. When introducing the new approach for the design resistance of headed studs, the main focus is on the description of the basic procedure for the development of the new approach and on the comparison with values in the existing code. Comparisons with push‐out test results from a recent European project have shown the good quality of the new approach.
Design and structural analysis of a 70‐m metal space‐frame radome
Authors: Liu Yan 
Published: September 2020

SummaryThe electrical performance of an antenna is usually affected by the stiffness, intensity, and stability of the radome structure. Thus, radome structural analysis is of great concern to designers. Taking a 70‐m radome structure to be built in the future with a 50‐m aperture antenna structure as the study platform, its mechanical behavior and electrical properties are analyzed and discussed. First, a detailed introduction regarding the method and principle of radome partitioning is presented. Based these methods, random divisions on radome plates are conducted using a specially developed program, and thereby, a whole spherical‐segment model is established. In addition, focusing on the finite element model of a steel radome structure, static mechanical, seismic response, modality, and stability analyses are performed, such that the member sections of the radome structure, adopting two kinds of materials, are determined. The results show that the mechanical properties of the structure are superior and that all indices meet the requirements in the safety evaluation. Just as noteworthy, the influencing mechanism of structural deformation of the radome on electrical performance is examined, and in particular, the reason why large deformation does not greatly degrade electrical performance is presented. Subsequently, a novel method for describing deformation is put forth to accurately estimate the effects of structural deformation on electrical performance. These achievements provide references for structural design and construction as well as maintenance of similar common metal space‐truss radomes.
Serological investigations of Peste des Petits Ruminants in cattle of Nepal
Authors: Prajapati Meera , Shrestha Swoyam Prakash , Kathayat Dipak , Dou Yongxi , Li Yanmin , Zhang Zhidong 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPeste des Petits Ruminant (PPR) is an infectious viral disease of small ruminants caused by PPR virus. Although goat and sheep are the primary hosts of PPR, studies have continuously reported the prevalence of circulating antibodies in large ruminants, which could bring a potential challenge to effectively control and eradicate PPR. In Nepal, seroprevalence of PPRV antibodies in cattle have not been monitored yet. To address this, a total of 255 cattle sera were collected from Rupandehi, Banke, Bara and Chitwan districts of Nepal where outbreak of PPR in small ruminants was reported previously. The sera samples were tested by competitive ELISA and the result indicated the prevalence of 5.88% PPRV antibodies in cattle which indicates the exposure of cattle to PPR virus. To make the disease control program effective, intensive monitoring of both domestic and wild animals is very important.
Synergistic effects of organically modified montmorillonite in combination with metal oxides on the fire safety enhancement of intumescent flame‐retarded epoxy resins
Authors: Xu Zhisheng , Jia Hongyu , Yan Long , Chu Zhiyong , Zhou Huan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSynergistic effects of organically modified montmorillonite (OMMT) in combination with different metal oxides (Bi2O3, Sb2O3, and MoO3) on the fire safety enhancement of the intumescent flame‐retarded epoxy resins (EPs) were systematically evaluated. The results from X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses show that the OMMT and metal oxides acquire a uniform distribution in the EP matrix, and OMMT platelets exhibit a fully exfoliated state. The flammability and thermogravimetry (TG) tests show that the intumescent flame retardant (IFR)‐OMMT‐metal oxide ternary system can endow EPs with the higher synergistic efficiencies on the enhancement of flame retardancy, smoke suppression properties, and charring ability compared to those of IFR or IFR‐OMMT system, and the synergistic efficiency is the following order: IFR/OMMT/Sb2O3 > IFR/OMMT/MoO3 > IFR/OMMT/Bi2O3. In particular, the sample, filled with 1.5 wt% OMMT, 1.5 wt% Sb2O3, and 27 wt% IFR, passes the UL94 V‐0 rating and acquires the highest limiting oxygen index value of 28.5% among the samples. The IFR‐OMMT‐metal oxide ternary system exerts a better synergistic effect on the generation of crosslinking and aromatic structures that supply the excellent charring effect and barrier effect for the EPs, and the synergistic efficiency of IFR‐OMMT‐metal oxide ternary system is varied with the types of metal oxides.
Large‐scale offshore wind energy installation in northwest India: Assessment of wind resource using Weather Research and Forecasting and levelized cost of energy
Authors: Kumar Rohan , Stallard Tim , Stansby Peter K. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn India, there are plans for 5 GW of installed capacity of wind power by 2022. This study establishes that the wind resource along the west coast of Gujarat is sufficient for offshore wind farms of between 500 MW to 2 GW rated power to be operated with capacity factors of 40% to 54%. For the majority of sites, a levelized cost of energy (LCOE) in the range 68 to 86 £/MWh can be achieved with installation on floating support structures. The LCOE is up to 3.2 £/MWh greater for installation on bed‐fixed structures closer to shore. The wind resource and energy yield are predicted using Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF). Wind speed occurrence is predicted to within 1.3% for multiple sites simultaneously, and this provides wind turbine energy yield to within 3.4%. Wind speeds occurring due to sea breeze are accurately predicted and contribute 6.2% of annual energy generation at the nearshore locations and 3.8% at the deeper water offshore sites. While these events improve the viability of nearshore locations, floating installations offer lower LCOE for most locations along the Gujarat coast.
Chaotic dynamics of size‐dependent curvilinear Euler–Bernoulli beam resonators (MEMS) in a stationary thermal field
Authors: Krysko Anton V. , Awrejcewicz Jan , Kutepov Ilya E. , Krysko Vadim A. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn this work the chaotic dynamics of flexible curvilinear Euler–Bernoulli micro‐beams embedded into a stationary temperature field is investigated. The temperature field is modelled based on a the Duhamel–Neumann theory and is free from the restrictions on the temperature field distribution along beam thickness. The von Kármán geometric strain–stress relations are employed. The governing nonlinear PDEs are yielded by the Hamilton principle with an account of the modified couple stress theory. The finite dimension problem is truncated to a finite system of nonlinear ODEs using the finite difference method (FDM) and then the Cauchy problem is solved with a help of the Runge–Kutta method. Action of the 2D thermal field is defined by solution to the heat transfer PDE which is also solved by FDM of the second order of accuracy. The so‐called charts of vibration regimes (amplitude‐frequency planes) are constructed. In particular, novel features of nonlinear (chaotic) dynamics versus the change of the magnitude of the size (length) dependent parameter are reported.The carried out numerical analysis is supported by the monitoring of frequency power spectra based on the fast Fourier transform (FFT), phase space projections, Poincaré maps and LLEs (largest Lyapunov exponents). We have also analyzed system chaotic dynamics of the classical and size‐dependent beam models versus series of values of the two control parameters, i.e. beam curvature and its size‐dependent length. Moreover, we have detected and illustrated the novel scenarios of transition form regular to chaotic vibrations of the studied beams, governed by non‐linear PDEs.
q-nonabelianization for line defects
Authors: Neitzke Andrew , Yan Fei 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We consider the q-nonabelianization map, which maps links L in a 3-manifold M to combinations of links $$ \tilde{L} $$

L
˜

in a branched N -fold cover $$ \tilde{M} $$

M
˜

. In quantum field theory terms, q-nonabelianization is the UV-IR map relating two different sorts of defect: in the UV we have the six-dimensional (2, 0) superconformal field theory of type $$ \mathfrak{gl} $$
gl
(N ) on M × ℝ2,1, and we consider surface defects placed on L × {x4 = x5 = 0}; in the IR we have the (2, 0) theory of type gl (1) on $$ \tilde{M} $$

M
˜

× ℝ2,1, and put the defects on $$ \tilde{L} $$

L
˜

× {x4 = x5 = 0}. In the case M = ℝ3, q-nonabelianization computes the Jones polynomial of a link, or its analogue associated to the group U(N ). In the case M = C × ℝ, when the projection of L to C is a simple non-contractible loop, q-nonabelianization computes the protected spin character for framed BPS states in 4d $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 theories of class S. In the case N = 2 and M = C × ℝ, we give a concrete construction of the q-nonabelianization map. The construction uses the data of the WKB foliations associated to a holomorphic covering $$ \tilde{C}\to C $$

C
˜

→
C
.
Extended phase space thermodynamics for black holes in a cavity
Authors: Wang Peng , Wu Houwen , Yang Haitang , Yao Feiyu 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we extend the phase space of black holes enclosed by a spherical cavity of radius rB to include $$ V=4\pi {r}_B^3/3 $$
V
=
4
π

r
B
3

/
3
as a thermodynamic volume. The thermodynamic behavior of Schwarzschild and Reissner-Nordstrom (RN) black holes is then investigated in the extended phase space. In a canonical ensemble at constant pressure, we find that the aforementioned thermodynamic behavior is remarkably similar to that of the anti-de Sitter (AdS) counterparts with the cosmological constant being interpreted as a pressure. Specifically, a first-order Hawking-Page-like phase transition occurs for a Schwarzschild black hole in a cavity. The phase structure of a RN black hole in a cavity shows a strong resemblance to that of the van der Waals fluid. We also display that the Smarr relation has the same expression in both AdS and cavity cases. Our results may provide a new perspective for the extended thermodynamics of AdS black holes by analogy with black holes in a cavity.
Sub-leading asymptotics of ECH capacities
Authors: Cristofaro-Gardiner Dan , Savale Nikhil 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn previous work (Cristofaro-Gardiner et al. in Invent Math 199:187–214, 2015), the first author and collaborators showed that the leading asymptotics of the embedded contact homology spectrum recovers the contact volume. Our main theorem here is a new bound on the sub-leading asymptotics.
Characterization of MK6240, a tau PET tracer, in autopsy brain tissue from Alzheimer’s disease cases
Authors: Malarte Mona-Lisa , Nordberg Agneta , Lemoine Laetitia 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Purpose
MK6240 is a second-generation tau PET tracer designed to detect the neurofibrillary tangles in the brains of patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The aim of the study was to characterize 3H-MK6240 in AD and control brain tissue and to compare its binding properties with those of first-generation tau PET tracers.

Methods
Saturation binding assays with 3H-MK6240 were carried out in the temporal and parietal cortices of AD brains to determine the maximum number of binding sites (Bmax) and the dissociation constants (Kd) at these sites. Competitive binding assays were carried out between 3H-MK6240 and unlabelled MK6240, AV-1451 (aka T807, flortaucipir) and THK5117, and between 3H-THK5351 and unlabelled MK6240. Regional binding studies with 3H-MK6240 were carried out in homogenates from six AD and seven control brains and, using autoradiography, on large frozen sections from two AD brains and one control brain.

Results
The saturation binding assays gave Bmax and Kd values of 59.2 fmol/mg and 0.32 nM in the temporal cortex and 154.7 fmol/mg and 0.15 nM in the parietal cortex. The competitive binding assays revealed two binding sites with affinities in the picomolar and nanomolar range shared by 3H-MK6240 and all the tested unlabelled compounds. There were no binding sites in common between 3H-THK5351 and unlabelled MK6240. Regional binding of 3H-MK6240 was significantly higher in AD brain tissue than in controls. Binding in brain tissue from AD patients with early-onset AD was significantly higher than in brain tissue from patients with late-onset AD. Binding of 3H-MK6240 was not observed in off-target regions. Autoradiography showed high regional cortical binding in the two AD brains and very low binding in the control brain.

Conclusions
3H-MK6240 has a high binding affinity for tau deposits in AD brain tissue but also has different binding characteristics from those of the first-generation tau tracers. This confirms the complexity of tau tracer binding on tau deposits with different binding affinities for different binding sites.
Keratokonusdetektion und Ableitung des Ausprägungsgrades aus den Parametern des Corvis®ST
Authors: Langenbucher Achim , Häfner Larissa , Eppig Timo , Seitz Berthold , Szentmáry Nóra , Flockerzi Elias 
Published: September 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund und Zielsetzung
In den vergangenen Jahren wurden zunehmend Systeme der künstlichen Intelligenz in der Medizin etabliert, die Pathologien oder Erkrankungen erkennen oder von komplementären Erkrankungen abgrenzen. Bisher liefert das Corvis®ST (Corneal Visualization Scheimpflug Technology, Oculus, Wetzlar, Deutschland) einen Index-CBI, der quasi binär Keratokonus klassifiziert, aber kein Staging zulässt. Ziel der Studie ist es, anhand von Messgrößen des Corvis®ST ein Vorhersagemodell zu entwerfen, das den Topographic Keratoconus Classification Index (TKC) der Pentacam high resolution (HR, Oculus) nachbildet.

Patienten und Methoden
Es wurden 60 Messungen an Normalprobanden (TKC 0) und 379 Augen mit Keratokonus (TKC 1 bis 4) in die Studie mit einbezogen. Nach der Messung mit der Pentacam HR (Zielgröße TKC) wurde eine Untersuchung mit dem Corvis®ST durchgeführt, aus der 6 Messparameter extrahiert wurden, die in den Corvis Biomechanical Index CBI eingehen (ARTh, SP-A1, DA-Ratio 1 mm, DA-Ratio 2 mm, A1 velocity, max. Deformation Amplitude). Neben dem TKC als Zielgröße wurde der binarisierte TKC (1: TKC 1 bis 4, 0: TKC 0) modelliert. Als Gütemaß wurde die Genauigkeit des Modells als Anteil der korrekten Klassifizierungen herangezogen. Fehlklassifizierungen wurden in der Modellierung so bestraft, dass die Abweichung des modellierten TKC-Wertes vom gemessenen Wert bewertet wurde.

Ergebnisse
Es wurden 24 verschiedene Modelle des überwachten maschinellen Lernens aus 6 Familien getestet. Für die Modellierung des TKC in Stufen von 0–4 zeigte das Modell, basierend auf einer Support Vector Machine (SVM) mit linearem Kernel, die beste Performance mit einem Anteil an richtigen Klassifizierungen von 65,1 %. Für den binarisierten Wert des TKC zeigte ein Decision Tree mit grober Auflösung die beste Performance mit einem Anteil an richtigen Klassifizierungen von 95,2 %, direkt gefolgt von der SVM mit linearem oder quadratischem Kernel und dem Nearest Neighborhood Classifier mit kubischem Kernel (jeweils 94,5 %).

Schlussfolgerungen
In der Arbeit soll das Prinzip des überwachten Maschinenlernens in der Anwendung auf die modellierte Klassifizierung von Messbefunden gezeigt werden. So wurden Messdaten des Corvis®ST dazu verwendet, die Einteilung in den Schweregrad eines Keratokonus mittels Pentacam (TKC) mit einer ganzen Reihe von Algorithmen des maschinellen Lernens nachzubilden.
Model order reduction of thermo-mechanical models with parametric convective boundary conditions: focus on machine tools
Authors: Hernández-Becerro Pablo , Spescha Daniel , Wegener Konrad 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThermo-mechanical finite element (FE) models predict the thermal behavior of machine tools and the associated mechanical deviations. However, one disadvantage is their high computational expense, linked to the evaluation of the large systems of differential equations. Therefore, projection-based model order reduction (MOR) methods are required in order to create efficient surrogate models. This paper presents a parametric MOR method for weakly coupled thermo-mechanical FE models of machine tools and other similar mechatronic systems. This work proposes a reduction method, Krylov Modal Subspace (KMS), and a theoretical bound of the reduction error. The developed method addresses the parametric dependency of the convective boundary conditions using the concept of system bilinearization. The reduced-order model reproduces the thermal response of the original FE model in the frequency range of interest for any value of the parameters describing the convective boundary conditions. Additionally, this paper investigates the coupling between the reduced-order thermal system and the mechanical response. A numerical example shows that the reduced-order model captures the response of the original system in the frequency range of interest.
Towards a general class of parametric probability weighting functions
Authors: Dombi József , Jónás Tamás 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn this study, we present a novel methodology that can be used to generate parametric probability weighting functions, which play an important role in behavioral economics, by making use of the Dombi modifier operator of continuous-valued logic. Namely, we will show that the modifier operator satisfies the requirements for a probability weighting function. Next, we will demonstrate that the application of the modifier operator can be treated as a general approach to create parametric probability weighting functions including the most important ones such as the Prelec and the Ostaszewski, Green and Myerson (Lattimore, Baker and Witte) probability weighting function families. Also, we will show that the asymptotic probability weighting function induced by the inverse of the so-called epsilon function is none other than the Prelec probability weighting function. Furthermore, we will prove that, by using the modifier operator, other probability weighting functions can be generated from the dual generator functions and from transformed generator functions. Finally, we will show how the modifier operator can be used to generate strictly convex (or concave) probability weighting functions and introduce a method for fitting a generated probability weighting function to empirical data.
Representation of stress and strain in granular materials using functions of direction
Authors: Dean E. T. R. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis paper proposes a new way of describing effective stress in granular materials, in which stress is represented by a continuous function of direction in physical space. The proposal provides a rigorous approach to the task of upscaling from particle mechanics to continuum mechanics, but is simplified compared to a full discrete element analysis. It leads to an alternative framework of stress–strain constitutive modelling of granular materials that in particular considers directional dependency. The continuous function also contains more information that the corresponding tensor, and thereby provides space for storing information about history and memory. A work-conjugate set of geometric rates representing strain-rates is calculated, and the fundamental principles of local action, determinism, frame indifference, and rigid transformation indifference are shown to apply. A new principle of freedom from tensor constraint is proposed. Existing thermo-mechanics of granular media is extended to apply for the proposed functions, and a new method is described by which strain-rate equations can be used in large-deformations modelling. The new features are illustrated and explored using simple linear elastic models, producing new results for Poisson’s ratio and elastic modulus. Ways of using the new framework to model elastoplasticity including critical states are also discussed.
Prediction of antimicrobial resistance in clinical Campylobacter jejuni isolates from whole-genome sequencing data
Authors: Dahl Louise Gade , Joensen Katrine Grimstrup , Østerlund Mark Thomas , Kiil Kristoffer , Nielsen Eva Møller 
Published: September 2020

AbstractCampylobacter jejuni is recognised as the leading cause of bacterial gastroenteritis in industrialised countries. Although the majority of Campylobacter infections are self-limiting, antimicrobial treatment is necessary in severe cases. Therefore, the development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Campylobacter is a growing public health challenge and surveillance of AMR is important for bacterial disease control. The aim of this study was to predict antimicrobial resistance in C. jejuni from whole-genome sequencing data. A total of 516 clinical C. jejuni isolates collected between 2014 and 2017 were subjected to WGS. Resistance phenotypes were determined by standard broth dilution, categorising isolates as either susceptible or resistant based on epidemiological cutoffs for six antimicrobials: ciprofloxacin, nalidixic acid, erythromycin, gentamicin, streptomycin, and tetracycline. Resistance genotypes were identified using an in-house database containing reference genes with known point mutations and the presence of resistance genes was determined using the ResFinder database and four bioinformatical methods (modified KMA, ABRicate, ARIBA, and ResFinder Batch Upload). We identified seven resistance genes including tet(O), tet(O/32/O), ant(6)-Ia, aph(2″)-If, blaOXA, aph(3′)-III, and cat as well as mutations in three genes: gyrA, 23S rRNA, and rpsL. There was a high correlation between phenotypic resistance and the presence of known resistance genes and/or point mutations. A correlation above 98% was seen for all antimicrobials except streptomycin with a correlation of 92%. In conclusion, we found that WGS can predict antimicrobial resistance with a high degree of accuracy and have the potential to be a powerful tool for AMR surveillance.