bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epstein‐Barr virus‐encoded latent membrane protein 1 promotes extracellular vesicle secretion through syndecan‐2 and synaptotagmin‐like‐4 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells
Authors: Liao Chaoliang , Zhou Qin , Zhang Zhibao , Wu Xia , Zhou Zhuan , Li Bo , Peng Jinwu , Shen Liangfang , Li Dan , Luo Xiangjian , Yang Lifang 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIncreasing evidence indicates that extracellular vesicles (EVs) play an important role in cancer cell‐to‐cell communication. The Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV)‐encoded latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1), which is closely associated with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) pathogenesis, can trigger multiple cell signaling pathways that affect cell progression. Several reports have shown that LMP1 promotes EV secretion, and LMP1 trafficking by EVs can enhances cancer progression and metastasis. However, the molecular mechanism by which LMP1 promotes EV secretion is not well understood. In the present study, we found that LMP1 promotes EV secretion by upregulated syndecan‐2 (SDC2) and synaptotagmin‐like‐4 (SYTL4) through nuclear factor (NF)‐κB signaling in NPC cells. Further study indicated that SDC2 interacted with syntenin, which promoted the formation of the EVs, and SYTL4 is associated with the release of EVs. Moreover, we found that stimulation of EV secretion by LMP1 can enhance the proliferation and invasion ability of recipient NPC cells and tumor growth in vivo. In summary, we found a new mechanism by which LMP1 upregulates SDC2 and SYTL4 through NF‐κB signaling to promote EV secretion, and further enhance cancer progression of NPC.
Cancer‐derived immunoglobulin G: A novel marker for differential diagnosis and relapse prediction in parathyroid carcinoma
Authors: Cui Ming , Hu Ya , Zheng Bang , Zhang Shenghua , Zhang Xiang , Wang Mengyi , Qiu Xiao‐Yan , Liao Quan , Zhao Yu‐Pei 
Published: January 2020

AbstractObjectiveA differential diagnosis between malignant and benign parathyroid lesions is difficult due to their overlapping clinicopathological characteristics. As such, molecular markers are urgently needed. Cancer‐derived immunoglobulin G (CIgG) is a novel molecule playing important roles in carcinogenesis. The present study aimed to investigate the clinical significance of CIgG in parathyroid neoplasms.PatientsFifty patients with parathyroid carcinoma (PC), 50 patients with parathyroid adenoma (PA) and 9 patients with parathyroid hyperplasia (PH) were retrospectively enrolled in the current study.MeasurementsImmunohistochemistry was used to assess CIgG expression in these patients. The performance of CIgG expression in the differential diagnosis between parathyroid lesions was assessed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The associations between CIgG expression and clinical outcomes were also analysed by Kaplan‐Meier survival curves and Cox proportional hazards models.ResultsThe expression level of CIgG was significantly higher in PC patients than in PA or PH patients (P < .001). CIgG expression discriminated PC from PA or PH, with an area under the ROC curve of 0.84 (76% sensitivity and 88% specificity). High CIgG expression was significantly associated with worse disease‐free survival (DFS) in PC patients (P = .018) and was validated as an independent risk factor for DFS in the multivariable Cox regression analysis (P = .002).ConclusionsThe ability of CIgG expression both in the differential diagnosis between malignant and benign parathyroid lesions and in the prognosis prediction for PC was shown in the present study. CIgG might be used as a novel biomarker of parathyroid lesions in future clinical practice.
Resistance variation of conductive ink applied by the screen printing technique on different substrates
Authors: Gomes Pedro , Tama Derya , Carvalho Hélder , Souto António Pedro 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis research study focuses on the application of conductive ink by the screen printing technique to evaluate the potential of creating printed electrodes and to investigate the effect of washing upon electrical resistance and flexibility. Two conductive inks were applied by a conventional screen printing method on four different textile substrates, 100% cotton, 50%/50% cotton/polyester, 100% polyester and 100% polyamide. The inks were also applied on a multifibre fabric. Atmospheric plasma treatment was applied to improve the adhesion to the samples, and the resistance values were compared with those of non‐treated samples. The values were measured before and after cleaning and washing tests, which were performed to simulate domestic treatment for garments to predict the behaviour of the inks after normal usage of the fabrics. Comfort properties like stiffness of the fabrics were also evaluated after five and 10 washing cycles. It was observed that PE 825 ink forms a thicker film on the fabric surface, contributing to the loss of flexibility of the textile. However, PE 825 ink also produced the best results in terms of durability and lower values of resistance. Polyamide fabrics lost their conductive property after five washing cycles due to weak bonding between the ink and the fibres, whereas cotton fibres provided the best results.
Family and household structure are associated with acute type 1 diabetes complications: results of cross‐sectional analyses
Authors: Baechle C. , Stahl‐Pehe A. , Castillo K. , Gontscharuk V. , Holl R. W. , Rosenbauer J. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAimTo examine the association of family/household structure with short‐term diabetes complications in adolescents and emerging adults with early‐onset type 1 diabetes in more detail.MethodsData on 1690 11–21‐year‐olds with type 1 diabetes were used to estimate associations of family/household structure with self‐reported severe hypoglycaemia, hospitalizations for severe hypoglycaemia or diabetic ketoacidosis, applying multiple negative binomial regression.ResultsCompared with living with both biological parents living with a single mother was associated with an increased rate of hospitalizations for ketoacidosis (incidence rate ratio 1.71, 95% CI 1.00–2.82). Incidence rate ratio of hospitalizations for ketoacidosis was similar (1.67, 95% CI 0.91–3.07) if the mother lived with a partner, however, hypoglycaemia‐related hospitalizations increased (3.66, 95% CI 1.54–8.71). Participants living with a single father had 4.43 (95% CI 1.30–15.05) /10.42 (95% CI 1.55–70.22) times higher rates of severe hypoglycaemia and related hospitalizations, while living with a father and his partner was associated with an increased incidence rate ratio of hospitalizations for ketoacidosis (3.48, 95% CI 0.96–12.63) compared with living with both biological parents.ConclusionsFindings of our exploratory analyses point to different self‐reported diabetes outcomes depending on the family/household structure. If confirmed in future studies, they may help to identify young people with diabetes at risk of short‐term diabetes complications.
Qualitative analysis of the Meals, Mindfulness, & Moving Forward (M3) lifestyle programme: Cultivating a ‘safe space’ to start on a ‘new path’ for youth with early episode psychosis
Authors: Thompson Andie , Senders Angela , Seibel Celeste , Usher Craigan , Borgatti Alena , Bodden Katheryn , Calabrese Carlo , Hagen Kirsten , David Jason , Bourdette Dennis , Shinto Lynne 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAimThe Meals, Mindfulness, & Moving Forward (M3) programme included nutrition education, hands‐on cooking classes, mindfulness meditation practice, physical activities and facilitated group sharing. M3 was designed as a supplement to standard care for youths (age 15‐25 years) with first‐episode psychosis (FEP) who were clients of coordinated specialty care teams. M3's primary aim was feasibility by demonstrating high programme attendance; secondary aims included cardiometabolic measures. Data collection included quantitative and qualitative outcomes. The aim of the qualitative study was to understand participants' and study partners' experiences during the programme and to understand programme elements that were helpful for young people to sustain healthy lifestyle choices 6 weeks post‐programme.MethodsDuring the last programme session, we conducted two focus groups, one with participants (n = 13) and one with their study partners (n = 11); 6 weeks post‐intervention, individual semi‐structured interviews were conducted with 11 participants. All interviews were audio recorded and transcribed; grounded theory methods guided thematic analysis.ResultsMain themes from the focus groups included appreciation for a ‘non‐stigmatizing’ environment providing participants and study partners with a sense of ‘dignity’ that enabled a ‘new path’. Six weeks post‐intervention, participants reported continued use of mindfulness practice to stay grounded and assist with making healthful lifestyle changes. However, many were unsure of how to sustain these changes long‐term.ConclusionThe results suggest that young people with FEP value a non‐stigmatizing space that allows for social engagement and facilitates healthy behaviours. Short‐term, M3 participants reported behaviour change but wanted on‐going support to sustain healthy behaviours.
Estimating the wetting branch of the soil water retention curve from grain‐size fractions
Authors: Liao Kaihua , Lai Xiaoming , Jiang Sanyuan , Zhu Qing 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe development of a theoretical method for estimating the wetting branch of the soil water retention curve (SWRC) is required for knowledge of the soil infiltration process. The aim of this study was to derive the theoretical functions to represent the wetting branch of the SWRC based on the Jensen method, and then compare the Jensen method and Kool & Parker (KP87) model for estimating the wetting branch of the SWRC. Fifteen soil samples with varying basic properties (e.g., grain‐size distribution and bulk density (BD)) were selected from the Unsaturated Soil Hydraulic Database (UNSODA) to test these two methods. Results showed that the Jensen method (root mean squared error (RMSE) = 0.057 cm3 cm−3) produced a substantially better performance in predicting the wetting branch of the SWRC than the KP87 (RMSE = 0.089 cm3 cm−3) for the 15 samples. The range of the scaled mean bias error (SMBE) between the Jensen method‐predicted and measured soil water contents at all pressure heads was −0.529 to 0.402. A positive linear relationship between the SMBE and silt content was observed for the Jensen method. The findings of this study have practical significance for simulating the soil infiltration in the unsaturated zone.
Rutinosidase from Aspergillus niger: crystal structure and insight into the enzymatic activity
Authors: Pachl Petr , Kapešová Jana , Brynda Jiří , Biedermannová Lada , Pelantová Helena , Bojarová Pavla , Křen Vladimír , Řezáčová Pavlína , Kotik Michael 
Published: January 2020

Rutinosidases (α‐l‐rhamnosyl‐β‐d‐glucosidases) catalyze the cleavage of the glycosidic bond between the aglycone and the disaccharide rutinose (α‐l‐rhamnopyranosyl‐(1→6)‐β‐d‐glucopyranose) of specific flavonoid glycosides such as rutin (quercetin 3‐O‐rutinoside). Microbial rutinosidases are part of the rutin catabolic pathway, enabling the microorganism to utilize rutin and related plant phenolic glycosides. Here, we report the first three‐dimensional structure of a rutinosidase determined at 1.27‐Å resolution. The rutinosidase from Aspergillus niger K2 (AnRut), a member of glycoside hydrolase family GH‐5, subfamily 23, was heterologously produced in Pichia pastoris. The X‐ray structure of AnRut is represented by a distorted (β/α)8 barrel fold with its closest structural homologue being an exo‐β‐(1,3)‐glucanase from Candida albicans (CaExg). The catalytic site is located in a deep pocket with a striking structural similarity to CaExg. However, the entrance to the active site of AnRut has been found to be different from that of CaExg – a mostly unstructured section of ~ 40 residues present in CaExg is missing in AnRut, whereas an additional loop of 13 amino acids partially covers the active site of AnRut. NMR analysis of reaction products provided clear evidence for a retaining reaction mechanism of AnRut. Unexpectedly, quercetin 3‐O‐glucoside was found to be a better substrate than rutin, and thus, AnRut cannot be considered a typical diglycosidase. Mutational analysis of conserved active site residues in combination with in silico modeling allowed identification of essential interactions for enzyme activity and helped to reveal further details of substrate binding. The protein sequence of AnRut has been revised.DatabasesThe nucleotide sequence of the rutinosidase‐encoding gene is available in the GenBank database under the accession number MN393234. Structural data are available in the PDB database under the accession number 6I1A.Enzymeα‐l‐Rhamnosyl‐β‐d‐glucosidase (EC 3.2.1.168).
Changes in soil greenhouse gas fluxes by land use change from primary forest
Authors: Han Mengguang , Zhu Biao 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPrimary forest conversion is a worldwide serious problem associated with human disturbance and climate change. Land use change from primary forest to plantation, grassland or agricultural land may lead to profound alteration in the emission of soil greenhouse gases (GHG). Here, we conducted a global meta‐analysis concerning the effects of primary forest conversion on soil GHG emissions and explored the potential mechanisms from 101 studies. Our results showed that conversion of primary forest significantly decreased soil CO2 efflux and increased soil CH4 efflux, but had no effect on soil N2O efflux. However, the effect of primary forest conversion on soil GHG emissions was not consistent across different types of land use change. For example, soil CO2 efflux did not respond to the conversion from primary forest to grassland. Soil N2O efflux showed a prominent increase within the initial stage after conversion of primary forest and then decreased over time while the responses of soil CO2 and CH4 effluxes were consistently negative or positive across different elapsed time intervals. Moreover, either within or across all types of primary forest conversion, the response of soil CO2 efflux was mainly moderated by changes in soil microbial biomass carbon and root biomass while the responses of soil N2O and CH4 effluxes were related to the changes in soil nitrate and soil aeration‐related factors (soil water content and bulk density), respectively. Collectively, our findings highlight the significant effects of primary forest conversion on soil GHG emissions, enhance our knowledge on the potential mechanisms driving these effects and improve future models of soil GHG emissions after land use change from primary forest.
Impact of atopic dermatitis on quality of life in adults: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Birdi Gurkiran , Cooke Richard , Knibb Rebecca C. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAtopic dermatitis (AD) can affect quality of life (QoL) of adult patients in whom the condition can be severe and persistent. There are currently no systematic reviews of the impact of AD on adults. This paper provides the first systematic literature review and meta‐analysis of the impact of AD on QoL in adults. A systematic search was conducted using MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science for articles published until October 2018. Inclusion criteria were a clinical diagnosis of AD, adult patients, and QoL as an outcome measure. Interventions were excluded. A total of 32 studies were included. While QoL was assessed using Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) in 25 studies, there was heterogeneity in the tools used to measure disease severity across studies. Meta‐analysis of the seven studies that used the SCORAD to measure disease severity showed severity to be significantly related to poorer QoL. The remaining 18 studies also showed increased disease severity significantly related to poorer QoL. When compared to healthy controls, AD patients demonstrated significantly lower QoL, but findings were mixed in studies that compared QoL in AD to other skin conditions. The findings highlight the significant impact that AD has on QoL in adults and the need for validated and relevant QoL measures to be implemented in clinical assessments for AD. Areas that require further research include an exploration of gender differences in QoL and the use of longitudinal study designs to explore factors that may cause differences in QoL ratings.
Standardization of a compensation matrix for the use in an ISHAGE‐based single‐platform for CD34+ stem cell quantitation on the FACSVia™ flow cytometer
Authors: Matos Daniel Mazza 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIntroductionBecton Dickinson (BD) FACSVia™ is a recently developed flow cytometer with which worldwide clinical experience is limited. Recently, our center started using the single‐platform BD Stem Cell Kit (BD SCE) for the quantitation of viable CD34+ (7‐aminoactinomycin D—7‐AAD—negative cells) on a BD FACSVia™. Currently, there are no formal recommendations for the fluorescence compensation of 7‐AAD in this scenario.MethodsA 3‐color fluorescence compensation matrix (“Optimized BD CS&T”) was standardized based on the fluorescence of 7‐AAD in samples of 27 individuals. The “Optimized BD CS&T” was compared with manual compensation (predicated method) and BD CS&T beads.ResultsThe analysis of the viable CD34+ cells/mm3 showed a very strong correlation between the manual compensation versus “Optimized BD CS&T” (r = 1.00) and manual versus BD CS&T (r = .99). The analysis of CD34+ viability (%) showed a very strong correlation for manual versus “Optimized BD CS&T” (r = .99). However, for manual versus BD CS&T, the correlation was inferior (r = .86). For viable CD34+ cells/mm3, Bland‐Altman plots showed a better concordance between manual and “Optimized BD CS&T” than between manual and BD CS&T. For CD34+ viability (%), the concordance was very good between manual and “Optimized BD CS&T”, while there was a poor concordance between manual and BD CS&T.Conclusion“Optimized BD CS&T” matrix proved to be more precise than the conventional BD CS&T beads. The “Optimized BD CS&T” matrix can be used along with BD SCE kit on BD FACSVia™ flow cytometers.
A joint effort: The interplay between the innate and the adaptive immune system in Lyme arthritis
Authors: Brouwer Michelle A. E. , van de Schoor Freek R. , Vrijmoeth Hedwig D. , Netea Mihai G. , Joosten Leo A. B. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractArticular joints are a major target of Borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of Lyme arthritis. Despite antibiotic treatment, recurrent or persistent Lyme arthritis is observed in a significant number of patients. The host immune response plays a crucial role in this chronic arthritic joint complication of Borrelia infections. During the early stages of B. burgdorferi infection, a major hinder in generating a proper host immune response is the lack of induction of a strong adaptive immune response. This may lead to a delayed hyperinflammatory reaction later in the disease. Several mechanisms have been suggested that might be pivotal for the development of Lyme arthritis and will be highlighted in this review, from molecular mimicry of matrix metallopeptidases and glycosaminoglycans, to autoimmune responses to live bacteria, or remnants of Borrelia spirochetes in joints. Murine studies have suggested that the inflammatory responses are initiated by innate immune cells, but this does not exclude the involvement of the adaptive immune system in this dysregulated immune profile. Genetic predisposition, via human leukocyte antigen‐DR isotype and microRNA expression, has been associated with the development of antibiotic‐refractory Lyme arthritis. Yet the ultimate cause for (antibiotic‐refractory) Lyme arthritis remains unknown. Complex processes of different immune cells and signaling cascades are involved in the development of Lyme arthritis. When these various mechanisms are fully been unraveled, new treatment strategies can be developed to target (antibiotic‐refractory) Lyme arthritis more effectively.
Does any mother’s body odor stimulate interest in mother’s face in 4‐month‐old infants?
Authors: Durand Karine , Schaal Benoist , Goubet Nathalie , Lewkowicz David J. , Baudouin Jean‐Yves 
Published: January 2020

AbstractLittle is known about the effects of olfaction on visual processing during infancy. We investigated whether and how an infant's own mother's body odor or another mother's body odor affects 4‐month‐old infants’ looking at their mother's face when it is paired with a stranger's face. In Experiment 1, infants were exposed to their mother's body odor or to a control odor, while in Experiment 2, infants were exposed to a stranger mother's body odor while their visual preferences were recorded. Results revealed that infants looked more at the stranger's female face in presence of the control odor but that they looked more at their mother's face in the context of any mother's body odors. This effect was due to a reduction of looking at the stranger's face. These findings suggest that infants react similarly to the body odor of any mother and add to the growing body of evidence indicating that olfactory stimulation represents a pervasive aspect of infant multisensory perception.
The Modal Age of Statistics
Authors: Chacón José E. 
Published: January 2020

SummaryRecently, a number of statistical problems have found an unexpected solution by inspecting them through a ‘modal point of view'. These include classical tasks such as clustering or regression. This has led to a renewed interest in estimation and inference for the mode. This paper offers an extensive survey of the traditional approaches to mode estimation and explores the consequences of applying this modern modal methodology to other, seemingly unrelated, fields.
Genetic characterization of influenza A(H3N2) viruses circulating in coastal Kenya, 2009‐2017
Authors: Owuor D. Collins , Ngoi Joyce M. , Otieno James R. , Otieno Grieven P. , Nyasimi Festus M. , Nyiro Joyce U. , Agoti Charles N. , Chaves Sandra S. , Nokes D. James 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundInfluenza viruses evolve rapidly and undergo immune driven selection, especially in the hemagglutinin (HA) protein. We report amino acid changes affecting antigenic epitopes and receptor‐binding sites of A(H3N2) viruses circulating in Kilifi, Kenya, from 2009 to 2017.MethodsNext‐generation sequencing (NGS) was used to generate A(H3N2) virus genomic data from influenza‐positive specimens collected from hospital admissions and health facility outpatients presenting with acute respiratory illness to health facilities within the Kilifi Health and Demographic Surveillance System. Full‐length HA sequences were utilized to characterize A(H3N2) virus genetic and antigenic changes.ResultsFrom 186 (90 inpatient and 96 outpatient) influenza A virus‐positive specimens processed, 101 A(H3N2) virus whole genomes were obtained. Among viruses identified in inpatient specimens from 2009 to 2015, divergence of circulating A(H3N2) viruses from the vaccine strains A/Perth/16/2009, A/Texas/50/2012, and A/Switzerland/9715293/2013 formed 6 genetic clades (A/Victoria/208/2009‐like, 3B, 3C, 3C.2a, 4, and 7). Among viruses identified in outpatient specimens from 2015 to 2017, divergence of circulating A(H3N2) viruses from vaccine strain A/Hong Kong/4801/2014 formed clade 3C.2a, subclades 3C.2a2 and 3C.2a3, and subgroup 3C.2a1b. Several amino acid substitutions were associated with the continued genetic evolution of A(H3N2) strains in circulation.ConclusionsOur results suggest continuing evolution of currently circulating A(H3N2) viruses in Kilifi, coastal Kenya and suggest the need for continuous genetic and antigenic viral surveillance of circulating seasonal influenza viruses with broad geographic representation to facilitate prompt and efficient selection of influenza strains for inclusion in future influenza vaccines.