bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Current status on minimal access cavity preparations: a critical analysis and a proposal for a universal nomenclature
Authors: Silva E.J.N.L. , Pinto K.P. , Ferreira C.M. , Belladonna F.G. , De‐Deus G. , Dummer P.M.H. , Versiani M.A. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn the last decade, several access cavity designs involveing minimal removal of tooth tissue have been described for gaining entry to pulp chambers during root canal treatment. The premise behind this concept assumes that maximum preservation of as much of the pulp chamber roof as possible during access preparation would maintain the fracture resistance of teeth following root canal treatment. However, the smaller the access cavity, the more difficult it may be to visualize and debride the pulp chamber as well as locate, shape, clean and fill the canals. At the same time, a small access cavity may increase the risk of iatrogenic complications as a result of poor visibility, which may have an impact on treatment outcome. This study aimed to critically analyse the literature on minimal access cavity preparations, propose new nomenclature based on self‐explanatory abbreviations and highlight the areas in which more research is required. The search was conducted without restrictions using specifics terms and descriptors in four databases. A complementary screening of the references within the selected studies, as well as a manual search in the highest impact journals in endodontics, namely International Endodontic Journal and Journal of Endodontics, was also performed. The initial search retrieved 1831 publications. The titles and abstracts of these papers were reviewed, and the full text of 94 studies was assessed. Finally, a total of 28 studies were identified as evaluating the influence of minimally invasive access cavity designs on the fracture resistance of teeth and on the different stages of root canal treatment (orifice location, canal shaping, canal cleaning, canal filling and retreatment). Overall, the studies had major methodological drawbacks and reported inadequate and/or inconclusive results on the utility of minimally invasive access preparations. Furthermore, they offered limited scientific evidence to support the use of minimally invasive access cavities to improve the outcome of root canal treatment and retreatment; they also provided little evidence that they preserved the fracture resistance of root filled teeth to a greater extent than traditional access cavity preparations. It was concluded that at present, there is a lack of supporting evidence for the introduction of minimally invasive access cavity preparation into routine clinical practice and/or training of undergraduate and postgraduate students.
Gluten and skin disease beyond dermatitis herpetiformis: a review
Authors: Muddasani Suraj , Rusk Amanda M. , Baquerizo Nole Katherine L. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractGluten, a protein found in wheat, rye, and barley, is known to cause an immune reaction in patients with celiac disease (CD) resulting in small bowel villous atrophy and impaired nutrient absorption and cutaneous manifestations in patients with dermatitis herpetiformis (DH). It is common that patients associate skin conditions with their diet, and the advantages of a gluten‐free diet (GFD) are brought up frequently. Indeed, there is evidence that certain dermatologic conditions can respond to a GFD, especially for those with concomitant CD and DH. In the last decade, new data have become available on the significance of gluten in skin disease. Herein, we review the role of gluten and a GFD on various cutaneous diseases beyond DH.
Flow cytometry in detection of Nucleophosmin 1 mutation in acute myeloid leukemia patients: A reproducible tertiary hospital experience
Authors: El‐Gamal Rasha Abd El‐Rahman , Hashem Azza El‐Sayed , Habashy Deena Mohamed , Abou Elwafa Menna Allah Zakareya , Boshnak Noha Hussein 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIntroductionNucleophosmin 1 (NPM1)mutation is one of the most frequent gene mutations in adult acute myeloid leukemia (AML), being detected in 35% of all cases and in up to 60% of patients with normal karyotype AML. AML with mutatedNPM1has distinct pathology, immunophenotyping, and confirmed favorable prognostic significance. Hence, AML with mutated NPM1 is a separate entity in the revised 2016 World Health Organization classification. This study aimed to evaluate the use of a reproducible flow cytometry approach in the assay of mutant NPM1 protein in AML patients and to correlate flow cytometric results with theNPM1gene mutation.MethodsEighty‐nine newly diagnosed AML patients were evaluated for the expression of mutant NPM1 using flow cytometry and for the presence ofNPM1exon 12 mutations using high‐resolution melting polymerase chain reaction (HRM PCR).ResultsTheNPM1mutation was found in 35 (39.3%) patients by HRM PCR. These patients showed a significantly higher level of percentage of positive‐stained cells (% positive cells) and normalized median fluorescence intensity (MFI) for mutant NPM1 by flow cytometry than the negative mutation group.ConclusionFlow cytometric detection of mutant NPM1 offers a possible tool to indicateNPM1mutational status.
A combination of circulating chemokines as biomarkers of obesity‐induced insulin resistance at puberty
Authors: Rivera Patricia , Martos‐Moreno Gabriel Á. , Barrios Vicente , Suárez Juan , Pavón Francisco J. , Chowen Julie A. , Rodríguez de Fonseca Fernando , Argente Jesús 
Published: August 2020

SummaryBackgroundIn obesity adipose tissue undergoes structural re‐modelling leading to a chronic low‐grade inflammatory state linked to insulin resistance (IR).ObjectiveWe aimed to develop a clinically relevant biomarker model for stratifying IR in adolescents with obesity.MethodsCytokines [tumour cell derived factor 1α, monocyte chemoattract protein (MCP) 1, eotaxin and fractalkine], growth factors [brain‐derived neurotrophic factor, pro‐fibrotic platelet‐derived growth factor (PDGF‐BB) and insulin‐like growth factor 1] and biochemical/metabolic factors were analysed in serum of 143 pubertal patients with obesity (50% IR; 50% non‐IR) and 33 controls. Factor analysis, correlation, binary logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic analysis were used to evaluate combinations of these biomarkers as possible diagnostic tools for IR.ResultsTwo biomarker IR models combining levels of triglycerides (TG)/HDL, eotaxin, MCP‐1 and PDGF‐BB in pubertal patients with obesity of both sexes were defined. Altered levels of MCP‐1, eotaxin, and PDGF‐BB constitute a main component that determines 27.7% of the variance explaining IR. Growth and inflammatory factors comprise two other components linked to the first, together accounting for 59.2% of the variance determining IR.ConclusionsPDGF‐BB, MCP‐1, eotaxin, TG and cholesterol concentrations constitute a solid panel of biomarkers associated with IR in pubertal children with obesity that could be useful in their stratification in a clinical setting for stratification.
Your words reveal your thoughts: A two‐wave study of assessing language dimensions in predicting employee turnover intention
Authors: Seih Yi‐Tai , Lepicovsky Marketa , Chang Yi‐Ying 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAssessing turnover intention with explicit approaches (self‐report scales) contains several measurement limitations, including social desirability, impression management, and self‐defense, potentially resulting in reduced accuracy. To improve the accuracy of assessment, the current research conducted a two‐wave study to examine whether implicit variables provide incremental effect in predicting turnover intention, after controlling for explicit variables. A computerized text analysis program, Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count, was used to identify language dimensions in participants' writing samples, and these exported scores serve as implicit language variables. Results demonstrate that language variables provide significant incremental effect (9% of explained variance) in predicting turnover intention, and this effect lasted at a one‐month follow‐up. The language dimensions signal topics of concern associated with turnover intention.
Exploring the risk factors for early‐life sugar consumption: A birth cohort study
Authors: Feldens Carlos Alberto , Vítolo Márcia Regina , Maciel Renata Rocha , Baratto Paola Seffrin , Rodrigues Priscila Humbert , Kramer Paulo Floriani 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundSugar consumption in early childhood is the primary cause of negative health outcomes, including early childhood caries.AimTo investigate risk factors associated with early‐life sugar consumption.DesignExplanatory variables were collected at baseline of a birth cohort in Porto Alegre, Southern Brazil. At six months of age, data were collected on child feeding practices, including the number of foods and beverages containing sugar. Multivariate Poisson regression analysis with robust variance was performed.ResultsVirtually all children (98.3%) had consumed sugar by the age of 6 months. Multivariable analysis showed that the number of sweet items was significantly larger in children whose mothers were less than 20 years of age (MR = 1.19; 95% CI: 1.05‐1.36), those from non‐nuclear families (MR = 1.12; 95% CI: 1.04‐1.20), those whose mothers had less than eight years of schooling (MR = 1.34; 95% CI: 1.20‐1.50) and those whose mothers smoked (MR = 1.23; 95% CI: 1.13‐1.35). Moreover, the number of sweet items was significantly lower among children who breastfed in the first hour of life (MR = 0.85; 95% CI: 0.76‐0.95).ConclusionSugar consumption begins very early, especially in children with no access to breastfeeding in the first hours of life and those from younger, less educated, and smoking mothers.
A paradoxical perspective on technology renewal in digital transformation
Authors: Wimelius Henrik , Mathiassen Lars , Holmström Jonny , Keil Mark 
Published: August 2020

AbstractTo realize their strategic goals and maintain a competitive advantage in the digital era, organizations must periodically renew their digital platforms and infrastructures. However, knowledge about such technology renewal is scattered across diverse research streams, so insights into the process are both limited and fragmented. In this article, we consolidate insights from previous research to conceptualize technology renewal as an inherently paradoxical digital transformation process that requires organizations to simultaneously remove their technological foundation and build on the practices that depend on it to implement a new technological foundation. Previous research suggests that technology renewal initiatives are driven by three paradoxical tensions: (a) established vs renewed technology usage, (b) deliberate vs emergent renewal practices and (c) inner vs outer renewal contexts. We apply this framing to a longitudinal case study in which we analyse and explain how an organization's responses to manifestations of these tensions eventually led to a vicious cycle of continued investments into two overlapping and largely incompatible digital platforms over a 9‐year period. Based on these conceptual and empirical insights, we theorize technology renewal as a paradoxical, and increasingly critical, digital transformation process that forces managers to make decisions in complex and ambiguous choice situations.
The plaque‐inhibiting effect of hexetidine (Oraldene®)‐mouthwash compared to that of chlorhexidine
Authors: Bergenholtz A. , Hänström L. 
Published: August 2020

abstractDiluted alcohol solutions of hexetidine (0.1 % and 0.14%) and an aqueous solution of chlorhexidine gluconate (0.2 %) were used as mouthwashes in a group of 27 young adults for a period of 21 clays. The effect on plaque formation and gingival condition were studied. After 5 and 21 days rinsing with the various mouthwashes the hexetidine 0.1 % group had significantly higher Plaque Index values than the chlorhexidine 0.2 % group. At the end of the study the Gingival Index scores had increased significantly in the hexetidine groups (0.1 % and 0.14 %) but not in the chlorhexidine 0.2 % group. Discoloration of teeth was observed in all subjects. Sore mouth and irritation of the tongue and oral mucosa were frequently observed in the hexetidine groups.
Mortality and body weight changes in Aotus nancymai shipped from Iquitos, Peru to Richland, Washington
Authors: Málaga Carlos A. , Weller Richard E. , Montoya Enrique , Moro Jaime , Buschbom Raymond L. 
Published: August 2020

Four hundred and fifty wild‐caught owl monkeys (Aotus nancymai) were shipped from Iquitos, Peru to Richland, Washington. Mortality and body weight changes from the time of shipment to 30 days after arrival were evaluated using age, sex, and transit time as comparison criteria.No association between mortality and sex, age, or transit time was observed. The mortality percentage from shipment to 30 days after arrival was 2.44%. Both age and transit time had a significant effect on weight changes, but sex did not. Shipping procedures are described.
Auditory evoked potentials in the Japanese monkey
Authors: Kamada Tsutomu , Kameda Kazuo , Kojima Shozo 
Published: August 2020

Auditory sensitivity based on auditory brain stem response (ABR), whole nerve action potential (AP), and cochlear microphonics (CM) to tone bursts of 0.5–8 kHz were compared with behavioral audiometry in the Japanese monkeys. Although sensitivity loss at 4–6 kHz was observed in these potentials, an increase in sensitivity at 8 kHz was obtained only in the ABR. Thus the sensitivity loss at 4–6 kHz originates at the peripheral system and the increased sensitivity at 8 kHz originates at the central.
Possible osteomyelitis of skull causes death of a wild lowland gorilla in the Lopé Reserve, Gabon
Authors: Tutin Caroline E.G. , Benirschke Kurt 
Published: August 2020

The remains of a juvenile gorilla, apparently dead for 3–4 days, were found in the Lopé Reserve, Gabon. The skull was recovered and showed a chronic lesion involving the insertion of the masseter muscle, consistent with chronic osteomyelitis.
Chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa endobronchitis in rhesus monkeys: II. A histopathologic analysis
Authors: Cheung Anthony T.W. , Moss Richard B. , Kurland Geoffrey , Leong Albin B. , Novick William J. 
Published: August 2020

We have recently established a rhesus monkey model of chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) endobronchitis by bronchoscopic instillation of PA‐embedded agar beads. All experimental animals developed chronic neutrophilic endobronchitis similar to chronic PA endobronchitis in cystic fibrosis (CF).Histopathologic studies further confirmed similarities to chronic PA endobronchitis in CF, including marked peribronchial inflammation, epithelial damage, presence of degraded cilia and ciliary abnormalities, appearance of PA bacterial clusters, mucosal hyperplasia, goblet cell hypertrophy/hypersecretion, airway obstruction, alveolar abnormalities, bronchiectasis, and fibrosis.
Light scattering by pores in YAG transparent ceramics simulated by DDA model
Authors: Yang Yao , Ma Nannan , Duan Junjing , Qi Jianqi , Zhao Yiding , Wang Yuezhong , Han Yong , Huang Zhangyi , Lu Tiecheng 
Published: August 2020

AbstractDiscrete dipole approximation (DDA) simulation was applied to study the effect of pores on light scattering in ceramics. The results of the DDA method were compared with that of Mie theory. The DDA method was approved to be reliable for calculating the scattering coefficients of YAG ceramics. The dependences of scattering coefficients on pore size and porosity, and the equal Ksca (scattering coefficients) curves were all recalculated via DDA method. The results revealed that scattering coefficients increase with the increase of porosity and that small pores (diameters are about three‐quarters of incident wavelength) produce much more light scattering than larger pores (diameters are several times larger than incident wavelength) at the same porosity. Furthermore, the equal Ksca (scattering coefficients) curves showed that relatively high porosity will not sacrifice the critical pore size any more when pore sizes are several times larger than incident wavelength. This discovery perfects the scattering critical curves and has guiding significance for experiment.
Morphology control and temperature sensing properties of micro‐rods NaLa(WO4)2:Yb3+,Er3+ phosphors
Authors: Xiao Qi , Dong Xinyao , Yin Xiumei , Wang Hong , Yu Weiguang , Zhong Hua , Xing Mingming , Tian Ying , Fu Yao , Dong Bin , Luo Xixian 
Published: August 2020

AbstractUniform spindle‐like micro‐rods NaLa(WO4)2:Yb3+,Er3+ phosphors are prepared by the solvothermal method in the text. Controllable morphology of NaLa(WO4)2 crystal can be obtained by adjusting the prepared temperature, PH value, complexing agent content, and solvent ratio. Uniform NaLa(WO4)2:Yb3+,Er3+ micro‐rods of 1.8 μm in length and 0.5 μm in width are synthesized at a low temperature of 120°C. The prepared NaLa(WO4)2:Yb3+,Er3+ phosphors present green upconversion luminescence under 980 nm excitation, luminescence intensity reaches to maximum at the Yb3+ and Er3+ concentration of 6 and 2 mol%. The temperature performance of the NaLa(WO4)2:Yb3+,Er3+ phosphors are evaluated based on thermal coupling technology. Temperature dependence of the two green emissions ratio of Er3+ ion is obtained, and the sensitivity of the sample can be calculated, the maximum sensitivity of NaLa(WO4)2:Yb3+,Er3+ is up to 0.019 K−1 at the sample temperature of 564 K.
Electrostatic self‐assembly of 2D‐2D CoP/ZnIn2S4 nanosheets for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution
Authors: Xiang Zhongqing , Guan Huijuan , Zhang Bing , Zhao Yafei 
Published: August 2020

AbstractConstructing efficient and cost‐effective photocatalysts are highly desirable for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. Herein, we prepare a unique 2D‐2D architecture photocatalyst composed of CoP and ZnIn2S4 (ZIS) nanosheets through electrostatic self‐assembly method. The constructed 2D‐2D CoP/ZIS exhibit a remarkably enhanced photocatalytic performance with hydrogen production rate of 8.775 mmol g−1 h−1, and this value is much higher than ZIS and most of other ZIS‐based nanohybrids. Additionally, the nanohybrids possess excellent stability with 96.3% of initial activity remaining after 24 hours of testing. These satisfactory results are attributed to the large/intimate contact interface and the photo/electro‐chemical properties of ZIS and CoP, which improves light absorption, facilitates photoelectron transport and suppresses charge recombination. This work not only demonstrates ZIS nanosheet can serve as a versatile and effective platform supporting non‐noble metal nanosheets to boost their photocatalytic performance, but also offers a general and simple electrostatic self‐assembly method to design 2D‐2D‐based heterostructures for hydrogen conversion from water splitting.
Networks of inbreeding coefficients in a selected population of rabbits
Authors: Rodríguez‐Ramilo Silvia T. , Reverter Antonio , Sánchez Juan P. , Fernández Jesus , Velasco‐Galilea Maria , González Olga , Piles Miriam 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe correlation between pedigree and genomic‐based inbreeding coefficients is usually discussed in the literature. However, some of these correlations could be spurious. Using partial correlations and information theory, it is possible to distinguish a significant association between two variables which is independent from associations with a third variable. The objective of this study is to implement partial correlations and information theory to assess the relationship between different inbreeding coefficients using a selected population of rabbits. Data from pedigree and genomic information from a 200K SNP chip were available. After applying filtering criteria, the data set comprised 437 animals genotyped for 114,604 autosomal SNP. Fifteen pedigree‐ and genome‐based inbreeding coefficients were estimated and used to build a network. Recent inbreeding coefficient based on runs of homozygosity had 9 edges linking it with different inbreeding coefficients. Partial correlations and information theory approach allowed to infer meaningful associations between inbreeding coefficients and highlighted the importance of the recent inbreeding based on runs of homozygosity, but a good proxy of it could be those pedigree‐based definitions reflecting recent inbreeding.
Genome‐wide analysis of homozygosity regions in european simmental bulls
Authors: Cesarani Alberto , Gaspa Giustino , Pauciullo Alfredo , Degano Lorenzo , Vicario Daniele , Macciotta Nicolò P. P. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe study of Runs of Homozygosity (ROH) is a useful approach for the characterization of the genome of livestock populations. Due to their high relationship with autozygosity, ROH allow to make inference about population genetic history, to estimate the level of inbreeding, to assess within breed heterogeneity and to detect the footprints of selection on livestock genomes. Aim of this study was to investigate the distribution of runs of homozygosity in bulls belonging to five European Simmental populations and to assess the relationship between three production traits (milk yield, fat and protein contents) and autozygosity. ROH count, distribution and ROH‐based coefficient of inbreeding (FROH) were calculated for 3,845 Simmental bulls of five different European countries: Austria (AT), Switzerland (CH), Czech Republic (CZ), Germany (DE) and Italy (IT). Average values of ROH number per animal, and total genome length covered by ROH were 77.8 ± 20.7 and 205 ± 74.4 Mb, respectively. Bulls from AT, DE and IT exhibited similar ROH characteristics. Swiss animals showed the highest (12.6%), while CZ the lowest (4.6%) FROHcoefficient. The relationship between ROH occurrence and milk production traits was investigated through a genome‐wide ROH‐traits association analysis (GWRA). A total of 34 regions previously associated with milk traits (yield and/or composition) were identified by GWRA. Results of the present research highlight a mixed genetic background in the 5 European Simmental populations, with the possible presence of three subgroups. Moreover, a strong relationship between autozygosity and production traits has been detected.