bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of direct angioplasty therapy on acute middle cerebral artery occlusion with good leptomeningeal collateral
Authors: Luo Ying , Huang Jun , Yang Yang , Liu Hong , Chen Xiu , Li Xiaogang , Li Zuoxiao , Liu Bo , Li Jinglun 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: The objective of this study was to investigate and discuss the effect of direct angioplasty therapy on acute middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) patients with good leptomeningeal collateral circulation in 4.5 hours. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed our acute ischemic stroke database from January, 2017 to January, 2019, then selected consecutive patients with evidence of the proximal M1 segments of MCAO and good leptomeningeal collateral who have received angioplasty or mechanical thrombectomy (MT). The baseline characteristics and outcome of patients was statistical analysis, included age, gender and risk factors, baseline national institutes of health stroke scale (NIHSS) scores, preoperative alberta stroke programme early CT (ASPECT) score, time from door to needle, time of door to puncture, endovascular procedure time, 7d NIHSS score and the modified treatment in cerebral infarction (m-TICI) 2b or 3, symptomatic hemorrhage, average hospital stays, modified rankin scale (mRS) score 0–2 at 3-month and mortality. All the thrombi were analyzed by histopathology. All statistical analysis was done with t test for continuous data and χ2 test for binary data. Results: A total of 93 patients were included (direct angioplasty = 41 (44.1%), MT = 52 (55.9%)). There was no significant difference in baseline data between the two groups. The difference in the time of door to recanalization, the time of puncture to recanalization, symptomatic hemorrhage, and average hospital stays were significantly different between groups (P<0.05). The other agents were not significantly different between groups (P>0.05 each). Histopathological analysis showed all thrombi contained different amounts of platelets, fibrinogen, white blood cell, and red blood cell. Conclusion: Direct angioplasty therapy on acute MCAO with good leptomeningeal collateral may help to shorten the time of surgery, reduce symptomatic hemorrhage, and hospital stay.
Yeasts are able to inhibit growth of disease-associated fungi
Authors: Horváth Enikő , Sipiczki Matthias , Csoma Hajnalka , Miklos Ida 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background Fungal sepsis is often caused by non-albicans Candida or other species. These disease-associated species have strong virulence and often show resistance to the commonly used antifungal treatments. Therefore, finding new inhibitory agents nowadays is increasingly urgent.Results Our screening revealed that although the pathogenic fungi were much more tolerant to yeast-produced bioactive agents than the non-disease-associated yeasts, growth of Kodamaea ohmeri and Candida tropicalis could be inhibited by Metschnikowia andauensis , while Cryptococcus albidus can be controlled by Pichia anomala and Candida tropicalis. The size of the inhibitory zone formed by yeasts was depended on media, pH and temperature. However, extensive studies were carried out, we failed to find inhibitory yeast against Pichia kudriavzevii, suggesting that it must have high natural resistance.Conclusions Certain yeast species can contribute to the future solutions of problems caused by fungal resistance and can be good candidates for finding new bioactive agents which inhibit growth of disease-associated fungi.
Geriatricians’ Standpoint Regarding the Informed Consent Process among Patients with Alzheimer's Disease: The Lebanese Context
Authors: Fakhro Mohammed Ali 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a degenerative brain disease and the most common cause of dementia among older adults. Moreover, as the disease progress, patients lose their capacity to make important decisions as related to their wishes. The primary objective was to characterize the Lebanese Geriatricians’ standpoint regarding the decision-making capacity (DMC) to consent to research and/or treatment participation among their patients with Alzheimer Disease (AD). The secondary objective was to propose an algorithm for a reliable, comprehensive, and valid assessment of the DMC. Methods A cross-sectional descriptive study was designed, where a list of active members of the Lebanese Society for Geriatric Medicine was obtained, and participants were contacted via a phone call, to explain the study purpose, and send them thereafter the survey link. Results Nine Geriatricians with a mean of 14.7 ± 9.6 years of experience completed the survey. Moreover, 66.67 % of the Geriatricians failed to recognize the need to confirm the patient's capacity to make decisions as related to her/his own wishes as related to the process of informed consent (IC). Despite that, 88.9 % of them stated that they tested for DMC among their patients with AD. Conclusion This study finding revealed that Lebanese Geriatricians had a poor understanding of both the concept of autonomy and the criteria needed for the IC process. Moreover, they were unable to select adequate tools to assess and judge the DMC.
Euthanasia in opinions of the first year Polish students of medicine
Authors: Lachowski Stanisław , Luszczki Jarogniew , Lachowska Bogusława , Florek-Łuszczki Magdalena 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background : The aim of this work is to present opinions of medical students about euthanasia. Study design: The anonymous questionnaire was conducted among first-year students of medicine at the Medical University of Lublin (Poland). Methods: The anonymous questionnaire consisted of 35 questions that concerned three components of euthanasia attitude: knowledge, evaluation, and declaration to conduct euthanasia. The study was attended by 281 students of medicine (77.6% of all first-year students). Results: Although euthanasia in Poland is legally prohibited, almost one fifth of students of medicine expressed a positive attitude towards euthanasia, and over a quarter of students opted for its legalization. Only two independent variables, i.e., family size (number of children) and religious involvement of the respondents, differentiate both the overall assessment of euthanasia and the level of acceptance for its legalization. Non-religious respondents frequently expressed their positive evaluation of euthanasia (43.3%) than those, who were religiously involved (6.4%). Conclusions: The attitudes of students towards euthanasia are often inconsistent. There is a need to evaluate medical study programs in the context of creating the right attitudes of future doctors towards euthanasia.
Pruning length of lateral branches influences auxin and cytokinins homeostasis in relation to growth and yields in Solanum lycopersicum L.
Authors: Xu Yang , Liu Xuelian , Gu Chaoheng , Yan Yanyan , Li Kai , Shi Qinghua , Cheng Fei , Zhang Lili , Shao Changyong , Gong Biao 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Lateral branches (LBs) pruning is performed frequently to keep the tomato plants in optimal growth conditions. However, the suitable pruning length of LBs, as well as it-mediated physiological and molecular mechanisms on plant growth regulation remains elusive in tomato. The effects of pruning length of LBs from 0 to 20 cm on vegetative growth, reproductive growth, labor costs, hormone metabolism and genes transcripts were evaluated on indeterminate type tomato cultivar. By comprehensive analysis, we provided evidence that pruning length of LBs at about 6 ~ 7 cm was suitable for plant growth, high yield, and low labor costs in tomato production. For mechanisms, appropriate extension of pruning length of LBs increased indole acetic acid (IAA) concentrations in root, which promoted the biosynthesis and upward transport of inactive cytokinins (CKs), as well as root development. Meanwhile, existence of LBs had inhibited effect on auxin outflow of the lower fruit stalks by testing transcripts of AUX1 and PIN , which increased the IAA and CKs concentrations of ovary and then promoted fruit setting and swelling. Additionally, pruning length of LBs also influenced the leaf senescence to control assimilation. Taken together, we highlighted that pruning length of LBs influenced auxin and cytokinins homeostasis in relation to growth and yields in tomato plants.
Implementation of a Global Quality Improvement Project in 20 Countries: A Case Study
Authors: Coville Hongchuan , Barwise Amelia , Kashyap Rahul , Wang Bo , Sabov Moldovan , Yi Lisha , Suzuki Reina , Fan Lei , Gavrilovic Srdjan , Hache Manuel , Vukoja Marija , Gajic Ognjen , Dong Yue 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: The Checklist for Early Recognition and Treatment of Acute Illness and Injury (CERTAIN) study is a before-and-after clinical quality improvement study involving 20 countries. Our aim was to describe the challenges and solutions for study implementation across various intensive care units.Methods: After local institutional review board approval, each study center had a setup period before patient data were collected. Each center was required to accomplish 4 stages: baseline data collection, remote simulation training, local implementation, and postimplementation data collection and maintenance of process of care. We measured the time required to complete each study stage and used the Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control (DMAIC) framework to identify the challenges encountered during each stage and guide improvement strategies to facilitate implementation of CERTAIN.Results: Between June 2012 and December 2017, 55 centers from 20 countries were recruited to participate. The time to complete each stage at different centers varied significantly. The most common domains in which challenges occurred were 1) leadership support and team building, 2) communication, 3) work environment culture, 4) language barriers, 5) infrastructure and technology, and 6) sustainability. Obstacles in these 6 areas delayed reaching major milestones of the study. Different strategies were deployed to overcome these barriers: engaging leadership for support, using native-speaking clinicians during training sessions, using various communication platforms, providing personal computers to local hospitals, making in-person site visits, offering flexible training time, and supporting local centers’ grant applications. Centers that enrolled during the control phase, compared with those that enrolled earlier, had significantly shorter times and less variation in times for each study stage and for the total study time.Conclusions: By using the DMAIC method, we identified the predominant 6 domains in which challenges occurred during implementation of the global CERTAIN study and developed targeted strategies to overcome the challenges and shorten the duration of the study. The DMAIC method would be useful in improving the efficiency of other large-scale multinational quality improvement projects.
Influence of oxic and anoxic groundwater conditions on occurrence of selected agrochemicals
Authors: Živančev Nevena , Kovačević Srđan , Perović Marija , Čalenić Aleksandar , Dimkić Milan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The occurrence and mitigation of selected pesticides and nitrates in surface and groundwater samples from two alluvions in the Republic of Serbia are investigated in this study. The influence of aquifer conditions on the degradation processes of pesticides and nitrates is considered as a potential removal mechanism of compound residues in alluvial groundwater. Nitrate concentration was analyzed in 144 groundwater samples in the Kovin-Dubovac drainage system and 63 samples at the Ključ groundwater source. The occurrence of 15 pesticides was monitored in groundwater in a total of 34 samples in the Kovin-Dubovac area and 14 samples at the Ključ groundwater source. Concentrations of selected pesticides and nitrates were monitored in eight samples from the Danube in the Kovin-Dubovac area and 15 samples from Velika Morava at the Ključ groundwater source. Both selected locations are agricultural areas. Results show that concentrations of nitrates (NO3−) are much higher in oxic groundwater conditions compared with concentrations in typical anoxic conditions. The opposite is the case for the concentration of pesticides that occurred in surface and groundwater samples. These results are very important for a better understanding of the self-purification potential of alluvial aquifers and assessment of aquifer condition influence, especially oxic or anoxic conditions, on the occurrence and mitigation of selected agrochemical residues in groundwaters.
Aging and Autism: Understanding, Intervention and Proposals to Improve Quality of Life
Authors: Ruggieri Victor , Gómez José Luis Cuesta , Martínez María Merino , Arberas Claudia 
Published: December 2019

Background:
The population with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has been increasing and is currently
estimated to be 1 in 58 births. The increased prevalence of ASD together with the lack of knowledge on the
processes of aging in this population, the support needed at this stage of life, and the associated risk factors, have
led to an urgent need for further research.

Methods:
This study provides a review of the literature on social- and health-related conditions that may appear
when persons with ASD grow old.

Results:
In addition to the autism-related conditions, different neurological, genetic, and environmental factors
may be involved in the process of aging. In this complex setting, this study provides proposals that may guide the
development of support services that may improve the quality of life for aging people with ASD.

Conclusion:
Aging in ASD is emerging as a growing problem, which requires immediate planning and targetted
treatment development.
The Treatment of Prednisone in Mild Diabetic Rats: Biochemical Parameters and Cell Response
Authors: Machado Mariana P.R. , Schavinski Aline Z. , Deluque Amanda L. , Volpato Gustavo T. , Campos Kleber E. 
Published: December 2019

Background:Limited studies have been carried out with prednisone (PRED) in treatment by glucose intolerant individuals, even in this model the animals presented low blood glucose levels at adulthood, by the high regenerative capacity of β-cell.Objective:The aim was to evaluate the effects of the treatment of PRED in mild diabetes on biochemical and immunological biomarkers.Methods:Rats were randomly divided into four groups: control (C), treated control C+PRED (treatment of 1.25 mg/Kg/day PRED); diabetic DM (mild diabetes) and treated diabetic DM+PRED (treatment with same dose as C+PRED group). Untreated groups received vehicle, adjusted volume to body weight. The treatment lasted 21 days and measured body weight, food and water intake, and glycemia weekly. In the 3rd week, the Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) and the Insulin Tolerance Test (ITT) was performed. On the last day, the rats were killed and the blood was collected for biochemical analyzes, leukogram and immunoglobulin G levels.Results:There was a significant decrease in body weight in mild diabetes; however, the treatment in diabetic groups increased food intake, glycemia, and the number of total leukocytes, lymphocytes and neutrophils. On the other hand, it decreased the levels of triglycerides, high-density and very lowdensity lipoproteins. In addition, diabetic groups showed glucose intolerance and mild insulin resistance, confirming that this model induces glucose intolerant in adult life.Conclusion:The results showed that the use of prednisone is not recommended for glucose intolerant individuals and should be replaced in order to not to aggravate this condition.
Impact of Nanotechnology Patents on Green Development of China's Building Industry
Authors: Sun Xialing , Zhang Rui , Chen Xue , Li Pengpeng , Guo Jin 
Published: December 2019

Background:
The sustainable development of the building industry has drawn increasing
attention around the world. Nanomaterials and nanotechnology play an important role in the processes
of energy saving and reducing consumption in the building industry. Nanotechnology patents provide
key technological support for the green development of the building industry. Based on patent data in
China, this paper quantitatively analyzed the application of nanotechnology patents in the building industry
and the time trend, regional differences, and evolution of China's nano-patent applications in the
building field.

Methods:
In this study, the environmental total factor productivity of the building industry considering
carbon constraints was determined and then used as the dependent variable to measure the green development
of the building industry. On this basis, a panel data regression model was constructed to determine
the impact of nano-patents on the green development of the building industry.

Results:
Nanotechnology patents in the building industry can significantly improve total factor productivity.
From the perspective of patent composition, technology-based patents that focus on substantial
innovation can significantly promote the green development of the building industry, whereas strategic
patents show a significant inhibitory effect. Regionally, the western region of China has the advantage
of being less developed and thus more efficient than the central and eastern regions in the application
of new nano-products. Finally, the research also showed a significant lag in the application of China's
nanotechnology patents and low implementation efficiency.

Conclusion:
Nano patents can promote green development in the building industry, but there is room
for improvement in the speed with which laboratory inventions are transformed into building engineering
applications.
Seismic Risk of Modern City
Authors: Zaalishvili Vladislav , Burdzieva Olga , Kanukov Aleksandr , Melkov Dmitry 
Published: December 2019

Aim:The goal of the work was to develop and implement a methodology for the expected seismic risk assessment of a modern city on the example of a test area of Vladikavkaz city.Background:The selected area is characterized by a variety of soil conditions typical for the entire territory of the city. At the same time, building stock includes almost all types of buildings that form the urban environment.Objective:Based on the differentiation of soil conditions, the test area was conditionally divided into 6 sites. Further, site effects of every site were estimated (seismic microzonation work was carried out). Expected seismic intensity (MSK-64) of the sites varied within 7-9 points. Each type of building is characterized by a certain vulnerability to a particular level of seismic impact.Method:The work is focused on the implementation of simple and effective statistical concepts of the MSK-64 scale for the development of express seismic risk assessment methodology. Different soils and types of buildings in different combination caused a different level of expected economic losses. Further, on the basis of taking into account the expected damage in the building stock of Kuybyshev Street, the expected social losses were calculated. In this regard, it is of interest to analyze the seismic risk variations along Kuybyshev Street, which is actually a model of the city.Conclusion:The suggested methodology gives a rapid express assessment of seismic risk for decision making on buildings enforcement on a city level. Seismic risk methodology was corrected for new types of buildings (“Vesna” region) and it was shown that the MSK scale is effective but must be also actualized itself.
Synthesis and SAR Evaluation of Mercapto Triazolobenzothiazole Derivatives as Anti-tuberculosis Agents
Authors: S.V Mamatha , Belagali S.L. , Bhat Mahesh 
Published: December 2019

Background:
Benzothiazoles possess a vast sphere of biological activities including anti-
inflammatory, antibacterial activities whereas triazoles display various pharmacological properties
including antimicrobial and antitubercular activities. Hence, triazole conjugated benzothiazole
side-chain anticipating their interesting biological properties has been focused upon.

Objective:
The objective of the current work is synthesis and biological evaluation of a new series
of benzothiazole appended triazole derivatives.

Methods:
The target compounds were prepared via a multi-step method involving the treatment of
2-amino benzothiazole with hydrazine followed by cyclization with carbon disulfide to give the
corresponding triazol-2-thiol derivatives and then alkylation of these derivatives. All the synthesized
compounds were characterized by FT-IR, Mass, 1H and 13C NMR spectra and were screened
for their antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-tubercular (anti-TB) activities in
vitro. These molecules were also docked into the enoyl acyl carrier reductase (Inha, PDB ID-1ZID)
in silico.

Results:
While all the synthesized compounds were active against M. tuberculosis at 50 μg/ml, the
pyrrolidine and piperidine appended benzothiazolyltriazoles showed the superior activity (MIC
values 12.5 to 1.6 μg/ml). Compound 5a (5-CH3 with piperidine), 5b (7-CH3 with piperidine) and
7b (7-CH3 with pyrrolidine) showed good antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus with
MIC value 31.25μg/ml, while compounds 7a (5-CH3 with pyrrolidine), 6b (7-CH3 with morpholine)
and 8c (7-Br with pyridine) exhibited good antibacterial activity against E-coli with MIC value
62.5μg/ml. Compounds 7b (7-CH3 with pyrrolidine) and 5c (7-Br with piperidine) showed good
anti-oxidant activities with IC50 values 93.25 and 82.25, respectively. Notably, these compounds
were non-toxic to the normal cells even at high concentrations with IC50 value 238μg/ml.

Conclusion:
The compound 7b, a benzothiazolyltriazole having a pyrrolidine group (five membered
ring) attached to two CH2 groups and methyl substituent at 7th position of the benzothiazole
ring emerged as a novel and promising hit molecule that showed anti-TB, antimicrobial and antiinflammatory
activities in vitro.
Grand investment of tourism sector effort to make many villas and hotels for expanding work opportunities on budgeting
Authors: Sunariani Ni Nyoman , Maheswari A. A. Istri A. , Pemayun A. A. Gde Putra 
Published: December 2019

This research discussed grand investment tourism sector efforts to increase the number of villas and hotels to expand employment opportunities in the Sub-district of Ubud Bali." affect the economic growth of a region. The main problem is how is the tourism sector's grand investment effort to increase the number of villas and hotels to expand employment opportunities in the Sub-district of Ubud Bali? High levels of unemployment can increase the amount of crime and increase social unrest. If examined further, from an economic standpoint, if many foreign and local investments are realized then job opportunities are wide open for the people in the area and other regions so that people's income rises by itself. The government is trying to create vocational education that aims to produce a quality and superior workforce in all sectors. Investment activities are the use of a sum of money in the hope of obtaining benefits and can plan their financing and implementation as a unit of activity within a certain period of time. Expenditure on investment costs is done once and only produces benefits a few years later.