bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The considerations, experiences and support needs of family members making treatment decisions for patients admitted with major stroke: a qualitative study.
Authors: Visvanathan Akila , Mead Gillian , Dennis Martin , Whiteley William , Doubal Fergus , Lawton Julia 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background Treatment decision-making by family members on behalf of patients with major stroke can be challenging because of the shock of the diagnosis and lack of knowledge of the patient’s treatment preferences. We aimed to understand how, and why, family members made certain treatment decisions, and explored their information and support needs. Method Semi-structured interviews with family members (n=24) of patients with major stroke, within two weeks of hospital admission. Data were analysed thematically. Results Families’ approach to treatment decision-making lay on a spectrum according to the patient’s state of health pre-stroke (i.e. patient’s prior experience of illness and functional status) and any views expressed about treatment preferences in the event of life-threatening illness. Support and information needs varied according to where they were on this spectrum. At one extreme, family members described deciding not to initiate life-extending treatments from the outset because of the patients’ deteriorating health and preferences expressed pre-stroke. Information from doctors about poor prognosis was merely used to confirm this decision. In the middle of the spectrum were family members of patients who had been moderately independent pre-stroke. They described the initial shock of the diagnosis and how they had initially wanted all treatments to continue. However, once they overcame their shock, and had gathered relevant information, including information about poor prognosis from doctors, they decided that life-extending treatments were no longer appropriate. Many reported this process to be upsetting and expressed a need for psychological support. At the other end of the spectrum were family members of previously independent patients whose preferences pre-stroke had not been known. Family members described feeling extremely distressed at such an unexpected situation and wanting all treatments to continue. They described needing psychological support and hope that the patient would survive. Conclusion The knowledge that family members’ treatment decision-making approaches lay on a spectrum depending on the patient’s state of health and stated preferences pre-stroke may allow doctors to better prepare for discussions regarding the patient’s prognosis. This may enable doctors to provide information and support that is tailored towards family members’ needs.
Bone mesenchymal stem cells pretreated with erythropoietin accelerate the repair of acute kidney injury
Authors: zhou song , Qiao Yu-ming , Liu Yong-guang , Liu Ding , Hu Jian-min , Liao Jun , Li Min , Guo Ying , Fan Li-pei , Li Liu-Yang , Zhao Ming 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represent a promising treatment option for acute kidney injury (AKI). The main drawbacks of MSCs therapy, including the lack of specific homing after systemic infusion and early cell death in the inflammatory microenvironment, directly affect the therapeutic efficacy of MSCs. Erythropoietin (EPO)-preconditioning of MSCs promotes their therapeutic effect; however, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. In this study, we sought to investigate the efficacy and mechanism of EPO in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) for AKI treatment.Results: We found that incubation of BMSCs with ischemia/reperfusion(I/R)-induced AKI kidney homogenate supernatant (KHS) caused apoptosis in BMSCs, which was decreased by EPO pretreatment, indicating that EPO protected the cells from apoptosis. Further, we showed that EPO up-regulated SIRT1 and Bcl-2 expression and down-regulated p53 expression. This effect was partially reversed by SIRT1 siRNA intervention. The anti-apoptotic effect of EPO in pretreated BMSCs may be mediated through the SIRT1 pathway. In a rat AKI model, 24 h after intravenous infusion, GFP-BMSCs were predominantly located in the lungs. However, EPO pretreatment reduced the lung entrapment of BMSCs and increased their distribution in the target organs. AKI rats infused with EPO-BMSCs had significantly lower levels of serum IL-1β and TNF-α, and a significantly higher level of IL-10 as compared to rats infused with untreated BMSCs. The administration of EPO-BMSCs after reperfusion reduced serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and pathological scores in I/R-AKI rats more effectively than BMSCs treatment did.Conclusions: Our data suggest that EPO pretreatment enhances the efficacy of BMSCs to improve the renal function and pathological presentation of I/R-AKI rats.
Knowledge, attitude, motivation and planning of breastfeeding: A cross-sectional study among Jordanian women
Authors: khasawneh wasim , Kheirallah Khalid , Mazin Mai , Abdulnabi Sanaa 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background In Jordan, the rate of exclusive breastfeeding is declining. The trend variation in breastfeeding practice is determined by different factors including antenatal women’s attitude and planning which are affected by their awareness and the support they receive. This study aims to assess knowledge, attitude, support, and planning of breastfeeding among Jordanian women.Methods A face-to-face cross sectional semi-structured questionnaire survey was conducted among healthy women in the antenatal clinic and postpartum ward at three hospitals in Northern Jordan during the period August 2019 to December 2019. Data were collected about demographic characteristics, women’s knowledge and attitude towards breastfeeding, antenatal and postnatal support and counseling, and feeding planning. Customized scales were utilized to assess knowledge and attitude. Factors associated with planning to breastfeed were reported.Results 660 women completed the survey questionnaire. The majority were 20 to 35 years of age, 10% were primiparous, and 30% were employed. 78% were knowledgeable about breastfeeding benefits and aware of WHO recommendations. 72% had a positive attitude towards breastfeeding. More than half received support from their husbands to breastfeed their infants, while less than 20% received any counseling from their obstetric providers. 97% reported their intention to breastfeed, and more than half indicated their willingness to breastfeed exclusively. With multilogistic regression modelling, predictors of EBF planning include: primiparity (AOR 1.79 95% C.I 1.1, 3.25), positive attitude (AOR 1.80 95% C.I 1.05, 3.1) and positive husband’s support (AOR 1.92 95% C.I. 1.18, 3.15). Barriers include women’s employment (AOR 0.43 95% C.I. 0.26, 0.70) and low birth weight (AOR 0.46 95% C.I. 0.25, 0.84)Conclusion Jordanian women are highly knowledgeable about breastfeeding benefits, and they exhibit a positive attitude towards breastfeeding resulting in a very high percentage intending to breastfeed their infants. Limited counseling about breastfeeding is a major gap in antenatal care. As intentions might not reflect the actual practice after delivery, gaps and barriers affecting the determinants of successful breastfeeding should be identified, and corrective tools should be implemented accordingly. Allocating a specific time for antenatal or postnatal counseling and support is expected to promote breastfeeding practice in our population.
Perinatal listeriosis patients at a maternity hospital in Beijing, China, during 2013 – 2018
Authors: Li Chunyun , Zeng Huihui , Ding Xin , Chen Yi , Liu Xiaowei , Zhou Li , Wang Xin , Cheng Yumei , Hu Shanshan , Cao Zheng , Liu Ruixia , Yin Chenghong 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Listeriosis is a rare but severe foodborne infectious disease. Perinatal listeriosis is extremely prone to causing septicaemia, central nervous system (CNS) infection, and serious adverse pregnancy outcomes (abortion and neonate death). This research reports perinatal listeriosis cases over the course of six years at Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital (BOGH), which is the largest maternity hospital in China.Methods: We retrospectively searched all the laboratory confirmed pregnancy-associated listeriosis cases during Jan 1, 2013 to Dec 31, 2018. The clinical manifestations, laboratory results, perinatal complications and outcomes (follow-up for half a year after birth) were investigated.Results: In BOGH, 12 perinatal listeriosis cases were diagnosed based on Listeria monocytogenes positive culture, including 10 single pregnancies and 2 twin pregnancies, and the incidence of which is 13.7/100,000 deliveries. Among those cases, four pregnant women and four newborns had septicaemia, and two of the neonatal septicaemia also got CNS infection. All the maternal patients recovered. For the fourteen offsprings, there were 8 newborns and 6 aborted fetuses, with two newborns died and 6 survived among the 8 newborns, and none of survivors had sequelae. The feto-neonatal fatality ratio is 57.1%.Conclusions: Perinatal listeriosis is associated with high mortality, which has become a public health concern. Subsequently, further researches about perinatal listeriosis among a wider range of population are needed to strengthen the epidemiological understanding of listeriosis in China.
Effects of strontium ions with potential antibacterial activity on in vivo bone regeneration
Authors: Baheiraei Nafiseh , Eyni Hossein , bakhshi Bita , Najafloo Raziyeh 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Bioactive glasses (BGs) have attracted added attention in the structure of the scaffolds for bone repair applications. Different metal ions could be doped in BGs to induce specific biological responses. Among these ions, strontium (Sr) is considered as an effective and safe doping element with promising effects on bone formation and regeneration.Methods: In this experiment, we evaluated the antibacterial activities of the gelatin-BG (Gel-BG) and Gel-BG/Sr scaffolds in vitro. The osteogenic properties of the prepared scaffolds were also assessed in rabbit calvarial bone defects for 12 weeks. Alizarin Red, Hematoxylin & Eosin (H&E) and Masson’s Trichrome staining were performed to assess bone regeneration and the obtained results were compared with those without Sr. Also, histomorphometric data were obtained to evaluate the new bone, residual graft, and connective tissue.Results: Both scaffolds showed in vivo bone formation during 12 weeks with the newly formed bone area in Gel-BG/Sr scaffold was higher than that in Gel-BG scaffolds after the whole period. Based on the histological results, Gel-BG/Sr exhibited acceleration of early-stage bone formation in vivo. The results of antibacterial investigation showed that although both Gel-BG/Sr and Gel-BG effectively inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli (E. coli) but, only Gel-BG/Sr structure could lead to a 3 log reduction in Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). Conclusions: Our results confirmed that Sr doped BG is a favorable candidate for bone tissue engineering with superior antibacterial activity and bone regeneration capacity compared with similar counterparts having no Sr ion.
Association between dietary patterns and cognitive ability in 10-15 years old Chinese children: Evidence from the 2010 China Family Panel Studies
Authors: Wang Tiantian , Cao Shiyi , Li Dandan , Chen Fan , Jiang Qingqing , Zeng Jing 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: At present, limited information is available concerning the association between dietary patterns and cognitive ability during childhood and adolescence, especially in regards to the epidemiological studies in China. Therefore, This study aimed to analyze the association between dietary patterns and cognitive ability in 10 to 15 year-old Chinese children. Methods: The dietary information, cognitive ability and sociodemographic data of 2029 children were retrieved from the 2010 China Family Panel Studies (CFPS). Dietary patterns were assessed by principal component analysis (PCA). The association between dietary patterns and cognitive ability was determined using Ordinal-Logistic regression models. Results: Three dietary patterns were identified, namely, ‘High protein’, ‘High fat’ and ‘High salt-oil’. Following adjustment for gender, age, nationality, household registration, school types, parents’ education level, family learning environment, annual household income and family size, we found that an increase in ‘High protein’ pattern score was significantly associated with higher scores of mathematics test (OR=1.62, CI: 1.23~2.15; P=0.001), but not with those of vocabulary test (OR=1.21, CI: 0.93~1.58; P=0.149). Besides, an increase of ‘High fat’ pattern score was significantly associated with lower score of mathematics (OR=0.76, CI: 0.59~0.98; P=0.031) and vocabulary (OR=0.77, CI: 0.61~0.97; P=0.029) test. However, there was no significant association between ‘High salt-oil’ pattern and the score of mathematics (OR=0.99, CI:0.77~1.27; P=0.915) and vocabulary (OR=0.93, CI:0.73~1.18; P=0.544) test.Conclusions: The findings of this study indicate that ‘High protein’ pattern is positively associated with cognitive ability in Chinese children, while ‘High fat’ pattern exhibits a negative association.
MiR-21-3p regulation FGFR1/FGF21/PPARγ pathway induces atrial fibrosis by targeting FGFR1 in diabetes
Authors: Pan Jian-an , Lin Hao , Yu Jian-ying , Zhang Hui-li , Zhang Jun-feng , Wang Chang-qian , Gu Jun 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: A relationship between the abundance of epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) and the risk of atrial fibrosis and atrial fibrillation (AF) in diabetes mellitus (DM) has been reported. And previous studies have shown that MicroRNA-21 (miR-21) is a regulatory factor in atrial fibrosis and AF. The aim of this study was to examine the role of different subtypes of miR-21 in EAT browning and atrial fibrosis under hyperglycemia conditions.Methods: In vivo, C57BL/6 wild type (WT) and miR-21 knockout (KO) mice were used to establish the diabetic model by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ). In vitro, the EAT adipocytes from miR-21 KO mice were cultured and transfected with miR-21-3p mimic or miR-21-5p mimic and co-cultured with atrial fibroblasts in both HG or LG conditions. The browning of EAT and the fibrosis of fibroblasts were assessed by western blotting, immunofluorescence, Masson staining, and ELISA. The gain- and loss-of-function experiments were used to identified fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) as the target gene of miR-21-3p.Results: In patients with DM and/or AF, serum hsa-miR-21-3p, instead of hsa-miR-21-5p, was significantly up-regulated. And miR-21 KO clearly ameliorated the atrial fibrosis in the diabetic mice. miR-21-3p as a key regulator that controls EAT browning and participates in atrial fibrosis under hyperglycemia conditions. Moreover, our gain- and loss-of-function experiments showed that FGFR1, as a direct target of miR-21-3p identified a regulatory pathway in EAT adipocytes. Conclusions: MiR-21-3p regulated EAT browning and participated the process of hyperglycemia-induced atrial fibrosis by targeting FGFR1.
Evaluation of commercial veterinary probiotics containing enterococci for transferrable vancomycin resistance genes
Authors: Berreta Ana , Baumgardner Rachel M , Kopper Jamie Jennifer 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Objective: Vancomycin resistant enterococci (VRE) are of significant public health concern. The identification of VRE in livestock and food has increased. The objective of this study was to determine if the transferrable vancomycin resistance genes vanA and vanB were present in probiotics marketed for use in animals that claimed to contain Enterococcus spp. Results: Of the 40 products selected, Enterococcus spp. DNA was successfully extracted from 36 products. Of these 36 products with enterococcal DNA, 2 (6%) had a PCR product consistent with vanA which was confirmed by sequencing. None of the products appeared to contain vanB.
RalB degradation by dihydroartemisinin induces autophagy and IFI16/caspase-1 inflammasome depression in the human Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Shi Xinli , Li Shenghao , Wang Li , Li Hui , Li Zhen , Wang Weiyi , Bai Jing , Sun Yajing , Li Jianchun , Li Xiaoming 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background Interferon-inducible 16 (IFI16) /caspase-1 inflammasome activates and secretes IL-1β. However, whether the IFI16 inflammasome involved in human Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma is still unclear. Autophagy directly removed inflammasome components and limited early IL-1β production. RalB is required for the crosstalk between inflammasome and autophagy in macrophages. Dihydroartemisinin (DHA), the main derived ingredient of artemisinin, has a variety of biological activities. The mechanism of DHA in regulation the crosstalk between IFI16 inflammasome and autophagy by inhibiting RalB expression was analyzed in order to provide clues for new therapeutic methods in laryngeal cancer. Methods The expression of IFI16 was analyzed by Oncomine and GEPIA databases and detected by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. The relationship between IFI16 inflammasome and autophagy was investigated by transmission electron microscopy, immunofluorescence assay, etc. in Hep-2, Cal-27 and HeLa cells with DHA treatment. Hep-2 cell xenograft tumor in nude mice were used to assess the effect of DHA on laryngeal cancer. Results The study was firstly reported that IFI16 was overexpressed and positively correlated with caspase-1 in laryngeal carcinoma tissues. DHA alone or in combination with cisplatin significantly inhibited inflammasome activation and reduced IL-1β production in the xenograft tumor microenvironment of Hep-2 cell xenograft tumor in nude mice. Mechanistically, we found that DHA degraded RalB by inhibiting USP33 expression, leading to triggered autophagy. Meanwhile, enhanced autophagy can reduce the expression of RalB and USP33. Therefore, DHA depresses RalB, resulting in formation a positive feedback loop between USP33 and autophagy. Further, DHA promotes autophagy, which suppresses the IFI16/caspase-1 inflammasome activation and IL-1β production. Conclusions Therefore, our findings demonstrate that DHA may act as a RalB inhibitor to regulate the crosstalk between autophagy and IFI16/caspase-1 inflammasome, which inhibits IL-1β production in tumor microenvironment.
Predicting the Treatment Response of Certolizumab for Individual Adult Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: Protocol for An Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis
Authors: Luo Yan , Chalkou Konstantina , Yamada Ryo , Funada Satoshi , Salanti Georgia , Furukawa Toshi A. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background A model that can predict treatment response for a patient with specific baseline characteristics would help decision-making in personalized medicine. The aim of the study is to develop such a model in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients who receive certolizumab (CTZ) plus methotrexate (MTX) therapy, using individual participant data meta-analysis (IPD-MA).Methods We will search Cochrane CENTRAL, PubMed, and Scopus as well as clinical trial registries, drug regulatory agency reports, and the pharmaceutical company websites from their inception onwards to obtain randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating CTZ plus MTX compared with MTX alone in treating RA. We will request the individual-level data of these trials from an independent platform (http://vivli.org). The primary outcome is efficacy defined as achieving either remission (based on ACR-EULAR Boolean or index-based remission definition) or low disease activity (based on either of the validated composite disease activity measures). The secondary outcomes include ACR50 (50% improvement based on ACR core set variables) and adverse events. We will use a two-stage approach to develop the prediction model. First, we will construct a risk model for the outcomes via logistic regression to estimate the baseline risk scores. We will include baseline demographic, clinical and biochemical features as covariates for this model. Next, we will develop a meta-regression model for treatment effects, in which the stage-one risk score will be used both as a prognostic factor and as an effect modifier. We will calculate the probability of having the outcome for a new patient based on the model, which will allow estimation of the absolute and relative treatment effect. We will use R for our analyses, except for the second stage which will be performed in a Bayesian setting using R2Jags.Discussion This is a study protocol for developing a model to predict treatment response for RA patients receiving CTZ plus MTX in comparison with MTX alone, using a two-stage approach based on IPD-MA. The study will use a new modeling approach, which aims at retaining the statistical power. The model may help clinicians individualize treatment for particular patients.Systematic review registration PROPSPERO registration number pending (ID#157595).
The effects of family, society and national policy support on treatment adherence among newly diagnosed tuberculosis patients: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Chen Xu , Du Liang , Wu Ruiheng , Xu Jia , Ji Haoqiang , Zhang Yu , Zhu Xuexue , Zhou Ling 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Non-adherence to tuberculosis (TB) treatment is the most important cause of poor TB treatment, and improving support for TB patients is a primary priority for governments, but there has been little research on the effects of family, social and national policy support factors on TB treatment adherence. The current study evaluated the treatment adherence of newly diagnosed TB patients in Dalian, northeast of China, and determined the effects of family, society, national policy support factors on treatment adherence. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among newly diagnosed TB patients treated at the outpatient department of Dalian Tuberculosis Hospital from September 2019 and January 2020. Data were collected using questionnaire that measured medication adherence, family support, social support, and national policy support and so on. Differences between groups were assessed using the chi-square test and Fisher’s exact tests. Ordinal logistic regression analysis was used to determine the predictors of adherence. Results: A total of 481 newly diagnosed TB patients were recruited, of whom 45.7% had good adherence, and 27.4% and 26.8% had moderate and low adherence, respectively. Patients with family members' frequent supervision of medication (OR:0.34, 95% CI:0.16-0.71), family members' often spiritual encouragement(OR:0.14, 95% CI:0.03-0.80), good doctor-patient relationship (OR:0.58, 95% CI:0.38-0.88), more TB-related knowledge (OR:0.49, 95% CI:0.33-0.72) and high need for TB treatment policy support (OR:0.39, 95% CI:0.22-0.67) performed satisfactory medication adherence. However, patients with a college degree or higher (OR:1.78, 95% CI:1.10-2.88) were more likely to have a lower adherence.Conclusions: Our findings suggested that non-adherence was high in newly diagnosed TB patients. Family members' frequent supervision of medication and spiritual encouragement, good doctor-patient relationship and TB-related knowledge, high need for policy support contributed to high adherence. It is recommended to strengthen the training of medical staff and the health education of patients and their families, increase the financial support for improve adherence.