bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
REBACIN® is an optional intervention for persistent high-risk human papillomavirus infection: a retrospective analysis of 364 patients
Authors: Yang Ying , Hu Ting Wen Yi , Ming Xiu , Yang E , Li Zhengyu 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Persistent high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) infection is a crucial cause of cervical cancer, for which optimal pharmacological intervention remains unavailable. This study aimed at evaluating the therapeutic efficacy of REBACIN® in patients with persistent hrHPV infection.Methods: This study is a combination of a retrospective analysis and a meta-analysis. The retrospective analysis included 364 patients who were persistently infected with HPV for at least twelve months, between September 2015 and February 2019, and only received REBACIN® intervention. HPV DNA typing, HC2 hrHPV DNA, and ThinPrep cytologic tests were performed before and after REBACIN® intervention, to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy. The meta-analysis included trials evaluating the therapeutic efficacy of interferons.Results: After a follow-up period of three to six months, the overall effective rate of REBACIN® was 74.73% (272/364), which was higher than that of interferon (61.50%). The efficacy of REBACIN® was correlated with HPV type (OR: 0.549, 95% CI: 0.367–0.822, P < 0.05) and pretreatment cytology (OR: 0.358, 95% CI: 0.173–0.739, P < 0.05).Conclusions: REBACIN® is potently efficacious at clearing persistent hrHPV infection; hence, it can serve as an optional intervention for persistent hrHPV infection.
Machine learning prediction on number of patient due to conjunctivitis based on air pollutants: A preliminary study
Authors: Cheng Yong-ran , Feng Zhan-hui , Zhou Meng-Yun , Wang Nan , Wang Ming-Wei , Ye Lan , Chen Juan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background

Accurate prediction of the number of patients with conjunctivitis plays an important role in providing adequate treatment at the hospital, but such accurate predictive model currently does not exist. The current study sought to use machine learning (ML) prediction based on past patient for conjunctivitis and several air pollutants. The optimal machine learning prediction model was selected to predict conjunctivitis-related number patients.
Methods

The average daily air pollutants concentrations (CO, O3, NO2, SO2, PM10, PM2.5) and weather data (highest and lowest temperature) were collected. Data were randomly divided into training dataset and test dataset, and normalized mean square error (NMSE) was calculated by 10 fold cross validation, comparing between the ability of seven ML methods to predict the number of patient due to conjunctivitis (Lasso penalized liner model, Decision tree, Boosting regression, Bagging regression, Random forest, Support vector, and Neural network). According to the accuracy of impact prediction, the important air and weather factors that affect conjunctivitis were identified.
Results

A total of 84977 cases to treat conjunctivitis were obtained from the ophthalmology center of the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University. For all patients together, the NMSE of the different methods were as follows: Lasso penalized liner regression: 0.755, Decision tree: 0.710, Boosting regression: 0.616, Bagging regression: 0.615, Random forest: 0.392, Support vectors: 0.688, and Neural network: 0.476. Further analyses, stratified by gender and age at diagnosis, supported Random forest as being superior to others ML methods. The main factors affecting conjunctivitis were: O3, NO2, SO2 and air temperature.
Conclusion

Machine learning algorithm can predict number of patients due to conjunctivitis, among which, the Random forest algorithm had the highest accuracy. Machine learning algorithm could provide accurate information for hospitals dealing with conjunctivitis caused by air factors.
The Dual Effect of CD28 on The Prognosis of Lung Cancer Based On Nomograms: A Comprehensive Analysis of The Tumor Immune Microenvironment
Authors: sun dantong , Tian Lu , Bian Tiantian , Zhao Han , Tao Junyan , Feng Lizong , Liu Qiaoling , Hou Helei 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Lung cancer has ranked first in China in recent years, and TIME-related molecules may serve as biomarkers for the prognosis of lung cancer. Nomograms are widely used tools for the evaluation of prognosis in malignancies. We performed this study to construct nomograms based on TIME for predicting the prognosis of lung cancer.
Methods
Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to estimate prognosis. TIME-related variables and basic clinical characteristics were included in the nomograms. Discrimination and calibration were used for the internal validation of the nomograms. Patients in our center and in the TCGA database were involved in the construction of the nomograms.
Results
Both LUAD and lung cancer patients with a higher expression of CD28 had a shorter DFS (P = 0.0011; P = 0.0001) but a longer OS (P = 0.0001; P = 0.0282). Nomograms for the DFS of young LUAD patients and the OS of LUAD and lung cancer patients were constructed. The established nomograms provide an easy way to estimate prognosis. Patients may obtain not only probabilities for disease progression and 1-year, 3-year or 5-year survival but also a precise and individualized follow-up regimen.
Conclusion
TIME-related variables are closely associated with the prognosis of lung cancer patients, especially young LUAD patients. CD28, which has a dual effect on lung cancer prognosis, may be a novel biomarker for not only the prognosis of lung cancer but also sensitivity to immunotherapy. Nomograms based on TIME may be a novel way to predict the prognosis of lung cancer.
Preliminary result of carbon-ion radiotherapy using the spot scanning method for prostate cancer
Authors: Takakusagi Yosuke , Kato Hiroyuki , Kano Kio , Anno Wataru , Tsuchida Keisuke , Mizoguchi Nobutaka , Serizawa Itsuko , Yoshida Daisaku , Kamada Tadashi 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Carbon-ion radiotherapy (CIRT) for prostate cancer was initiated at Kanagawa Cancer Center in 2015. The present study analyzed the preliminary clinical outcomes of CIRT for prostate cancer.
Methods
The clinical outcomes of 253 patients with prostate cancer who were treated with CIRT delivered using the spot scanning method between December 2015 and December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. The irradiation dose was set at 51.6 Gy (relative biological effectiveness) delivered in 12 fractions over 3 weeks. Biochemical relapse was defined using the Phoenix definition. Toxicities were assessed according to CTCAE version 4.0.
Results
The median patient age was 70 (47–86) years. The median follow-up duration was 35.3 (4.1–52.9) months. According to the D’Amico classification system, 8, 88, and 157 patients were classified as having low, intermediate, and high risks, respectively. Androgen deprivation therapy was administered in 244 patients. The biochemical relapse-free rate in the low-, intermediate-, and high-risk groups at 3 years was 87.5%, 88.0%, and 97.5%, respectively (P = 0.036). Grade 2 acute urinary toxicity was observed in 12 (4.7%) patients. Grade 2 acute rectal toxicity was not observed. Grade 2 late urinary toxicity and grade 2 late rectal toxicity were observed in 17 (6.7%) and three patients (1.2%), respectively. Diabetes mellitus and previous transurethral resection of the prostate were significantly associated with late grade 2 toxicity in univariate analysis. The predictive factor for late rectal toxicity was not detected.
Conclusion
The present study demonstrated that CIRT using the spot scanning method for prostate cancer produces favorable outcomes.
Assessment of Regional Left Ventricular Myocardial Strain in Patients with Left Anterior Descending Coronary Stenosis Using Computed Tomography Feature Tracking
Authors: Han Xiaoyu , Cao Yukun , Ju Zhiguo , Lu Jia , Li Na , Li Yumin , Liu Tong , Shi Heshui , Gu Jin 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Computed Tomography feature tracking (CT-FT) has emerged as a valuable method for the assessment of cardiac function. However, there have been no study about the usefulness of CT-derived assessments of left ventricular strain on coronary artery disease (CAD). Our aim was to evaluate the regional left ventricular (LV) systolic deformation in patients with left anterior descending coronary (LAD) stenosis using CT-FT.
Methods
Seventy-six patients with LAD stenosis were enrolled. The patients were divided into four groups according to the percentage of LAD stenosis: ≤25% was defined as group I (24 patients), 26–49% as group II (17 patients), 50–74% as group III (21 patients), and ≥ 75% as group IV (14 patients).Thirty-two sex- and age-matched normal subjects were included as controls.
Results
No intergroup differences were found between groups I-IV and the controls in terms of the left ventricular ejection fraction, end-diastolic volume and end-systolic volume. However, the longitudinal strain (LS) of the LAD territory was significantly reduced in groups I-IV compared with the controls (-20.8% and − 18.5% and − 18.6% and − 17.0% vs -23.7%, respectively). The circumferential strain (CS) of the LAD territory was significantly reduced in groups III and IV compared with the controls and groups I and II (-22.4% and − 22.2% vs -25.4% and − 24.1% and − 25.3%, respectively). Compared with non-LAD territory, groups II-IV had significantly increased LS (-19.9% vs -21%; -18.6% vs -21.9%; -16.4% vs -20.1%). The severity of LAD stenosis had a positive correlation with the LS of the LAD territory (r = 0.438, p = 0.002).
Conclusion
CT‑FT can detect decreasing LV systolic function in patients with LAD stenosis. With the increasing severity of LAD stenosis, the LV regional systolic deformation of the LAD territory was reduced.
STAT3 ameliorates cognitive deficits by positively regulating the expression of NMDARs in a mouse model of FTDP-17
Authors: Liu Gong-Ping , Hong Xiao-Yue , Wan Hua-Li , Li Ting , Zhang Bing-Ge , Li Xiao-Guang , Wang Xin , Li Xiao , Liu Qian , Chen Chong-Yang , Yang Ying , Wang Qun , Li Shu-Peng , Yu Hao , Wang Jian-Zhi , Yang Xi-Fei 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background In tauopathies, the degree of neurodegeneration and memory impairment positively strongly correlates with the amount of abnormal tau aggregates. Recently, we found that human wild-type tau accumulation activated Signal Transduction and Activator of Transcription-1 (STAT1) to inhibit the transcription of genes coding for synaptic N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs). STAT3 has similar specific DNA binding element GAS as STAT1, however, the role of STAT3 in cognitive deficits induced by tau accumulation has not reported until now.Methods The activity of the transcription factor was analyzed by luciferase reporter assay or electrophoresis mobility shift assay. AAV virus (AAV-Cre, AAV-P301L, AAV-STAT3 or AAV-K410/3R-STAT1) was infused stereotaxically into the hippocampal CA3 regions of STAT3flox/flox or C57 mice. The spatial learning and memory of the animals were assessed by Morris water maze, the contextual fear conditioning and new object recognition test. The synaptic plasticity was measured by electrophysiological recording and the spine density was detected by Golgi staining. RT-PCR and Western blotting were used to detect the mRNA and protein levels.Results We found that P301L-hTau accumulation acetylated STAT1 at lysine 410 and 413 sites to bind with STAT3 in the cytoplasm which inhibited the nuclear translocation and inactivated STAT3, though phosphorylation of STAT3 at Tyr705, which leads to STAT3 nuclear translocation and DNA binding, increased. Knockdown of STAT3 by AAV-Cre in STAT3flox/flox mice mimicked P301L-hTau-induced suppression of NMDARs expression, synaptic and memory impairments. Overexpressing STAT3 rescued P301L-hTau-induced synaptic and cognitive deficits by increasing NMDARs expression. Further study revealed that STAT3 positively regulated NMDARs transcription through direct binding to the specific GAS element of NMDAR1, NMDAR2A and NMDAR2B promoters.Conclusion These findings indicate that accumulated P301L-hTau impairs synaptic plasticity by inactivating STAT3 to suppress NMDARs expression, thereby revealing a novel mechanism for P301L-hTau-associated synapse and cognition deficits.
Modulation of OSCP mitigates mitochondrial and synaptic deficits in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s pathology
Authors: Gauba Esha , Sui Shaomei , Tian Jing , Driskill Christopher , Yu Chunxiao , Jia Kun , Rughwani Tripta , Wang Qi , Sven Kroener , Guo Lan , Du Heng 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Oligomycin-sensitivity conferring protein (OSCP) is a critical subunit of mitochondrial F1Fo ATP synthase. OSCP dysfunction has been observed in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) brains and a mouse model with AD-like brain amyloidosis (5xFAD mice). However, whether OSCP dysfunction constitutes a key mitochondrial defect contributing to synaptic injury in AD-related conditions has not been comprehensively investigated. Methods Here, we used a 5xFAD mouse model with OSCP overexpression in neurons (Thy-1 OSCP/5xFAD mice) and cultured neurons from OSCP overexpressing pups in the study. We performed biochemical, immunohistochemical, live cell imaging and electrophysiological as well as behavioral analyses.Results We found that preserved OSCP expression with reduced interaction of amyloid beta (Aβ) with membrane-bound OSCP in Thy-1 OSCP/5xFAD mice. OSCP overexpression also alleviated F1Fo ATP synthase deregulation and preserved mitochondrial function. Moreover, OSCP modulation conferred resistance to Aβ-mediated defects in axonal mitochondrial dynamics & motility. Consistent with protected neuronal mitochondrial function, OSCP overexpression ameliorated hippocampal synaptic injury in 5xFAD mice as demonstrated by preserved synaptic density and synaptic transmission, reduced complement-dependent synapse elimination, leading to improved spatial learning and memory. Conclusion Our findings show the consequences of OSCP dysfunction in the development of synaptic stress in AD-related conditions and they implicate OSCP modulation as a potential therapeutic strategy.
Patterns of Pediatric Thoracic Penetrating Injuries: a Single Trauma Center Experience – Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alaqeel Suliaman , Howsawi Abdulaziz , Namshan Mohammad Al , Maary Jamila Al 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Trauma in pediatric age group is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. The causes and magnitude of pediatric trauma differs from region to region. Many studies have focused on blunt injuries but not on penetrating trauma. Our aim is to identify the patterns, and outcome of pediatric thoracic penetrating injuries in a single trauma center.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective chart review of pediatric patients who presented with thoracic penetrating injuries from the year 2001 till 2016 in a level 1 trauma center. Patients aged 18 years or less who presented to our emergency department with thoracic penetrating injury were included. Those transferred from other institutions were excluded
Results
The total number of patients included with penetrating thoracic injuries were 89. Mean age was 15.5 years. One female the rest were males. The most common mechanism of injury is stab wound by knives in 80%, then Gunshot in 12%. Main mode of transport to emergency department was by private vehicles in 75.3%. Type of injuries sustained were pneumothorax 70.7%, hemothorax 25.8%, diaphragmatic injury 5.6%, hemopericardium 4.49%, lung contusion and laceration 7.8%, cardiac injury 4.49%, major vessel injury 3.4%, pneumomediastinum 2.2%, esophageal injury 1.1%, and rib Fractures 1.1%. In the emergency department, endotracheal intubation required in 13.5%, chest tube insertion 73%, blood transfusion for resuscitation 16.8%, emergency thoracotomy 2.2%, pericardiocentesis 1.1%. Surgical intervention was required in 17%. Mean length of hospital stay 3.87 days ± 4.86 SD. 93% of patients did not require intensive care unit admission. Mortality was observed in 3.4% were all had injuries to either heart, aorta or inferior vena cava.
Conclusion
In our institution, thoracic injuries were found uncommon and represent 25% of all penetrating trauma. Most sustained penetrating thoracic injuries can be managed nonoperatively safely. However, prompt resuscitation and intervention are required to identify and manage life-threatening ones.
Pulse oximetry curves in healthy children living at moderate altitude: a cross-sectional study from the Ecuadorian Andes
Authors: Mayorga Vinicio Andrade , Andrade Felipe , Riofrío Pablo , Nedel Fulvio , Martin Miguel , Romero Natalia 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
In populations above 3000 meters above sea level (m a.s.l.) normal values of oxygen saturation (SpO2) above 90% have been reported. Few studies have been conducted in cities of moderate altitude (between 2500 and 3000 m a.s.l.) We set out to describe the range of SpO2 values measured with a pulse oximeter in healthy children between 1 month and 12 years of age living in an Ecuadorian Andean city.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was carried out in Quito, Ecuador, located at 2800 m a.s.l. SpO2 measurement in healthy children of ages ranging from 1 month to 12 years of age living in the city were recorded by pulse oximetry. Age and gender were recorded, and 2.5th and 5th percentile were drawn. Nonparametric tests were used to compare differences in SpO2 values by age and gender.
Results
1378 healthy children were eligible for the study, 719 (52.2%) males. Average SpO2 for the entire population was 94.5% (SD 1.70; 95%CI 94.41–94.59). No differences were observed between SpO2 values by age and gender. The SpO2 2.5 percentile value in the whole was 90%, in children under 5 years of age was 91% and it was 90% in children older than 7.
Conclusions
In cities of moderate altitude, the SpO2 percentile measures developed in healthy children may contribute to an improved decision-making process, especially in cases where resource availability is limited.
Metagenomics insight into microbial dynamics in field-scale remediation of crude oil-polluted soil
Authors: Chikere Chioma Blaise , Tekere Memory , Adeleke Rasheed 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: The frequency of crude oil pollution has been on the increase following increased exploration, exploitation and production of energy from fossil fuel. Bioremediation has been shown to be eco-friendly and cost-effective method of oil spill remediation. In the Niger Delta, Landfarming has been the most used technique. The aim of this research was to employ metagenomic techniques to understand microbial dynamics during field-scale remediation in the Niger Delta in order to improve and reduce the time of remediation. Results: The surface (0.0 – 0.5m) sample had an extractable TPH value of 6231 mg/kg. The subsurface samples from 1m, 1.5m and 2.0m depths had extractable TPH concentration of 4836 mg/kg, 9112 mg/kg and 7273 mk/kg respectively. Proteobacteria dominated the bacterial community of the oil-polluted soil and comprised mainly of the classes Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria. Alpha diversity analysis revealed the presence of crude oil in the soil reduced microbial diversity. Principal coordinate analysis showed the microbial structure continually changed following changes in the chemical composition of the soil. Mycobacterium, Burkholderia, Methylobacterium and Bacillus were among the core OTUs detected during the period of remediation. Significant variation in pathway abundance particularly pathways for propanoate degradation, benzoate degradation, naphthalene degradation, fatty acid metabolism, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon degradation and degradation of xenobiotics were observed when the unpolluted soil was compared to the samples obtained during remediation. Conclusions: The findings from this study will greatly advance an already preferred landfarming oil spill recovery technique in the Niger Delta.
The Research and Analysis of Bring Perigastric Tumor Deposits into The Staging of Primary Gastric Cancer
Authors: wang xinxin , wang zhaoyang , xie tianyu , li shuo , wu di , guo xin , wang yong , chen lin 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: The current significance of perigastric tumor deposits (TDs) in gastriccancer (GC) for indicating prognosis remains unclear. The aim of this study was to assess the prognostic value of perigastric TDs and a new TNM staging involving TDs for GC.Methods: The pathological data of 6672 patients with GC who underwent gastrectomy or operation of gastric cancer with other diseases between January 1, 2012 and December31, 2017 at Chinese PLA General Hospital were analyzed retrospectively. The patients were divided into tumor deposits positive (TD+) group and tumor deposits negative (TD-) group. The differences between TD+ and TD- were analyzed by binary Logistic regression model. To draw survival curves, we used Kaplan-Meier methods. Multivariate Cox regression model and Log-rank test was used to analyze the data.Results:Perigastric TDs were found to be positive in 339 (5.09%) of the 6672 patients with GC of which 237were males (69.91%) and 102 females (30.09%) (2.32:1). The median age was 59 years (ranging from 27 to 78 years). No significant differences were detected between the two groups. Univariate and multivariate survival analysis both indicated that GC patients with positive TDs had poorer prognosis than those with negative TDs (p<0.05). The 1-, 3-and 5-year overall survival rates of GC patients with TDswere68.3%, 19.6%, and 11.2%, respectively, and weresignificantly poorer than those of the staged matched control group.There was statistical significance between thelocation of TDs and patient survival in patients with gastric cancer (p＜0.05). A new TNM staging was formulated according to the TDs location.When TDs appear on the gastric body,the original T1, T2, T3stages change to T4a, and T4a, T4b change to T4b;whenTDs appear in the lesser curvature, the previous N0, N1, N2, N3 stage change to N3;when the TDs located in the greater curvature or the distant tissue, the patient should be categorized as M1. After using the new stage, the survival curve of patients with TDs was closer to that of patients without TDs in each pTNM staging.Conclusion: 1. Tumor deposits is a bad prognostic factor in patients with primary gastric cancer. 2. The location of tumor deposits is associated with the prognosis of patients with primary gastric cancer.3.The new stage is more suitable for patients with tumor deposits of gastric cancer.