bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Desain Pembelajaran Penjumlahan dan Pengurangan Bilangan Menggunakan Konteks Bangka Belitung untuk Mendukung KBKM Siswa
Authors: Vebrian Rajab , Putra Yudi Yunika 
Published: February 2020

This study aims to produce learning trajectories of addition and subtraction of material numbers using the context of Bangka Belitung, also to find out whether the use of these learning designs can support students' Critical Thinking Abilities (KBKM). The research method, this research is a validation study design research type involving 6 students in the pilot experiment stage, and 25 students in the teaching experiment stage. The alleged learning trajectory was developed from a series of learning activities using the context of the Pacific Islands, such as sahang / pepper seeds as a model in learning the addition and subtraction of numbers. The results showed the use of trajectories in the context of Bangka Belitung provided different assessment results between the students' pretest and posttest scores. Most students have been able to solve the problem of addition and subtraction and provide arguments in answering the problems encountered. In conclusion, the use of instructional design using the context of Bangka Belitung in the learning of addition and subtraction of numbers can support student CBCS.
Keywords: Numbers, Design, Learning Context
Desain Pembelajaran Menggunakan Tessellation Berbasis Pendekatan Saintifik pada Materi Translasi dan Refleksi
Authors: Widiawati Widiawati 
Published: February 2020

The purpose of this study was to determine the role of tesselation in translational and reflection material in developing students' mathematical communication based on a scientific approach. The research method uses design research type validation study involving 30 students of class VII SMP 9 Palembang. The research process produces learning trajectory which contains a series of learning processes in two activities, namely scientific on translational material and scientific on reflection material. Every scientific activity consists of observing, asking, reasoning, trying, and forming networks. The results of the study showed that by providing learning material through a scientific approach, the role of tesselations could help students to carry out mathematical communication so that they could identify translational and reflection material. Therefore, students can understand the concepts of translation and reflection and solve problems related to the material. In conclusion, learning using tessellation with a scientific approach effectively helps students understand the concepts of translation and reflection. Through activities such as observing, asking, reasoning, trying, and forming networks
Keywords: Mathematical Communication, Scientific Approach, Tessellation
MR-guided focused ultrasound cerebellothalamic tractotomy for chronic therapy-resistant essential tremor: anatomical target reappraisal and clinical results
Authors: Gallay Marc N. , Moser David , Jeanmonod Daniel 
Published: February 2020

OBJECTIVEIn addition to the well-recognized ventral intermediate nucleus (Vim) thalamotomy for the treatment of chronic therapy-resistant essential tremor (ET), an alternative approach targeting the posterior part of the subthalamus was proposed in the 1960s and early 1970s and then was reactualized as cerebellothalamic tractotomy (CTT) with the advent of MR-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) surgery. The goal of this study was to improve target coverage and thus efficacy (i.e., tremor control and its consistency). The authors undertook a histological reappraisal of the CTT target and proposed a targeting strategy of the MRgFUS CTT based on 1) the MR visualization of the center of the red nucleus and 2) the application of preplanned target subunits realized with short sonications under thermal dose control. This study was aimed at demonstrating the efficacy and risk profile of this approach against chronic therapy-resistant ET.METHODSTen consecutive patients suffering from chronic therapy-resistant ET benefited from a unilateral MRgFUS CTT and were followed over the course of 1 year. Primary endpoints were subjective tremor relief, Clinical Rating Scale for Tremor (CRST) score, activities of daily living (ADL) score, and the hand function (HF) scores HF16 and HF32. Histological reappraisal of the target led the authors to propose a standardized targeting protocol for MRgFUS CTT. Thermal doses for 18 and 240 cumulative equivalent minutes at 43°C were calculated and correlated with intraoperative and 2 days postoperative T2-weighted MR images.RESULTSThe mean ± SD for the baseline CRST score was 48 ± 12; the score was 16 ± 7 at 3 months, and 17 ± 8 at 1 year. The mean tremor relief rated by the patients for the operated side was 95% after 2 days, 96% at 3 months, and 93% at 1 year. The mean HF16 was 11.0 ± 2.1 at baseline, 0.7 ± 0.7 at 3 months, and 0.8 ± 0.9 at 1 year (93% mean reduction). The minimum reduction for the HF16 at 1 year was 78%. There was a 51% reduction of the mean ADL score at 1 year. There was no bleeding or infection. Gait difficulties, only detectable on tandem gait, were increased in 3 patients and reduced in 2 patients at 1 year. There was no dysarthria.CONCLUSIONSThe authors’ results suggest that MRgFUS CTT is a very effective treatment option for therapy-resistant ET.
How long is the tail end of the learning curve? Results from 1000 consecutive endoscopic endonasal skull base cases following the initial 200 cases
Authors: Younus Iyan , Gerges Mina M. , Uribe-Cardenas Rafael , Morgenstern Peter F. , Eljalby Mahmoud , Tabaee Abtin , Greenfield Jeffrey P. , Kacker Ashutosh , Anand Vijay K. , Schwartz Theodore H. 
Published: February 2020

OBJECTIVEEndoscopic endonasal approaches (EEAs) to the skull base have evolved over the last 20 years to become an essential component of a comprehensive skull base practice. Many case series show a learning curve from the earliest cases, in which the authors were inexperienced or were not using advanced closure techniques. It is generally accepted that once this learning curve is achieved, a plateau is reached with little incremental improvement. Cases performed during the early steep learning curve were eliminated to examine whether the continued improvement exists over the “tail end” of the curve.METHODSA prospectively acquired database of all EEA cases performed by the senior authors at Weill Cornell Medicine/NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital was reviewed. The first 200 cases were eliminated and the next 1000 consecutive cases were examined to avoid the bias created by the early learning curve.RESULTSOf the 1000 cases, the most common pathologies included pituitary adenoma (51%), meningoencephalocele or CSF leak repair (8.6%), meningioma (8.4%), craniopharyngioma (7.3%), basilar invagination (3.1%), Rathke’s cleft cyst (2.8%), and chordoma (2.4%). Use of lumbar drains decreased from the first half to the second half of our series (p <0.05) as did the authors’ use of fat alone (p <0.005) or gasket alone (p <0.005) for dural closure, while the use of a nasoseptal flap increased (p <0.005). Although mean tumor diameter was constant (on average), gross-total resection (GTR) increased from 60% in the first half to 73% in the second half (p <0.005). GTR increased for all pathologies but most significantly for chordoma (56% vs 100%, p <0.05), craniopharyngioma (47% vs 0.71%, p <0.05) and pituitary adenoma (67% vs 75%, p <0.05). Hormonal cure for secreting adenomas also increased from 83% in the first half to 89% in the second half (p <0.05). The rate of any complication was unchanged at 6.4% in the first half and 6.2% in the latter half of cases, and vascular injury occurred in only 0.6% of cases. Postoperative CSF leak occurred in 2% of cases and was unchanged between the first and second half of the series.CONCLUSIONSThis study demonstrates that contrary to popular belief, the surgical learning curve does not plateau but can continue for several years depending on the complexity of the endpoints considered. These findings may have implications for clinical trial design, surgical education, and patient safety measures.
Short- and long-term cognitive effects of deep brain stimulation in the caudal zona incerta versus best medical treatment in patients with Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Philipson Johanna , Blomstedt Patric , Fredricks Anna , Hariz Marwan , Stenmark Persson Rasmus , Jahanshahi Marjan 
Published: February 2020

OBJECTIVEA growing number of studies are showing positive effects of deep brain stimulation (DBS) in the caudal zona incerta (cZi) in various tremor disorders, as well as motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease (PD). The focus of the present study was to evaluate short- and long-term cognitive effects of bilateral cZi DBS in patients with PD.METHODSTwenty-five nondemented patients with advanced PD were recruited to participate in a randomized trial of cZi DBS versus best medical treatment (BMT). The patients in the BMT group were offered surgery after 6 months. Neuropsychological evaluations focusing on assessing verbal and visuospatial memory, attention, and executive function were conducted at baseline and at 6 and 24 months after surgery. Self-reported measures of depression, anxiety, and change in “frontal” behaviors were also completed at all assessment points.RESULTSBilateral cZi DBS in patients with PD generated few adverse cognitive effects. At the short-term follow-up after 6 months, no differences were found between patients randomized to BMT and patients randomized to DBS with regard to most of the cognitive domains assessed. A transient improvement in anxiety was, however, found in the surgical group. At the long-term follow-up 24 months after cZi DBS, no major changes in global cognitive functioning were found, although a decline in attention and self-reported executive function was noted.CONCLUSIONSWith the exception of a decline in attention and self-reported executive function, bilateral cZi DBS for PD in appropriately screened patients appears to be generally safe with regard to cognitive function, both in the short- and long-term perspective.
Volumes, outcomes, and complications after surgical versus endovascular treatment of aneurysms in the United States (1993–2015): continued evolution versus steady-state after more than 2 decades of practice
Authors: Golnari Pedram , Nazari Pouya , Garcia Roxanna M. , Weiss Hannah , Shaibani Ali , Hurley Michael C. , Ansari Sameer A. , Potts Matthew B. , Jahromi Babak S. 
Published: February 2020

OBJECTIVEAdoption of endovascular treatment (EVT) and other advances in aneurysm care have shifted practice patterns of cerebral aneurysm treatment over the past 2 decades in the US. The objective of this study was to determine whether resulting trends in volumes, outcomes, and complications have matured in general practice or continue to evolve.METHODSData were obtained from the National Inpatient Sample from 1993 to 2015. ICD-9 codes were used to estimate annual volumes, outcomes, and complications following treatment of ruptured and unruptured aneurysms. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to estimate risk ratios for complications and outcomes. Trends in time were assessed utilizing annual percentage change (APC).RESULTSThe authors found a nearly 5-fold increase in annual admissions with diagnoses of unruptured aneurysms, whereas SAH volume increased less than 50%. Clipping ruptured aneurysms steadily declined (APC −0.86%, p = 0.69 until 1999, then −6.22%, p < 0.001 thereafter), whereas clipping unruptured aneurysms slightly increased (APC 2.02%, p < 0.001). EVT tripled in 2002–2004 and steadily increased thereafter (APC 7.22%, p < 0.001 and 5.85%, p = 0.01 for unruptured and ruptured aneurysms, respectively). Despite a 3-fold increase in both diagnosis and treatment of unruptured aneurysms, the incidence of SAH remained steady at 12 per 100,000 persons per year (APC 0.04%, p = 0.83). In contrast, SAH severity increased over time, as did patient age and comorbidities (all p < 0.001). SAH led to nonroutine discharge more frequently over time after both EVT and clipping (APC 1.24% and 1.10%, respectively), although mortality decreased during the same time (APC −2.48% and −1.44%, respectively). Complications were more frequent after clipping than EVT, but this differential risk diminished during the study period and was less perceptible in ruptured aneurysms. The proportion of patients discharged home after treatment of unruptured aneurysms was significantly lower (p < 0.001) after clipping (69.3%–79.5%) than EVT (88.3%–93.3%); both proportions changed minimally since 1998 (APC −0.39%, p = 0.02, and APC −0.11%, p = 0.14, respectively).CONCLUSIONSEVT volume markedly increased for ruptured and unruptured aneurysms from 1993 to 2015, whereas clipping decreased for ruptured and slightly increased for unruptured aneurysms. The incidence of SAH remained unchanged despite increased diagnosis and treatment of unruptured aneurysms. In ruptured aneurysms, SAH severity has increased over time, as have age, comorbidities, and nonroutine discharges. In contrast, routine discharge after treatment of unruptured aneurysms remains largely unchanged since 1998 and remains lower with clipping.
STERILIZATION AND DISINFECTANTS USED IN A DENTAL OFFICE- A REVIEW
Authors: S Prashanth , G Preethi , Raman Rajesh , Krishnan Balaji , Anison Job , Varghese Sunil , K Mahalakshmi 
Published: February 2020

As dentists, we must disinfect and clean all equipment’s and countertops between patients with a recommended hospital-grade bactericidal product. Non visible blood and saliva does not mean it is absent on environmental surfaces. Blood and saliva are present throughout dental treatment. If a patient becomes ill as a result of an exposure to a pathogen or a bacterium that is later found in our dental office surfaces, the employer and/or dentist is at risk of being responsible for the patient's illness and associated compensatory damages. Understanding and recognizing the risk of disease will drastically reduce patient illness, practice liability and employee illnesses. Dentists cannot pretend that this is only a theoretical problem. Therefore the dental community needs to stay updated of the rapidly evolving standard of care and do its best to comply with the standard of care in daily practice.
Key Words: Sterilization, Chemical Disinfection, Fumigation, Pathogens.
A sign of acute inflammation in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in Kota Baru and Kalibaru subdistricts, Bekasi
Authors: Amelia Ria , Arshita Neni , Fajriah Siti Nur , Astuti Chandra Vina Dwi , Fitri Islamiyah Nurul 
Published: February 2020

Background: During the development of chronic type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), inflammatory signals are elevated which can cause microvascular damage. C-Reactive Protein (CRP) is one of acute phase proteins stimulated under inflammatory conditions and creatinine is a waste product used to measure the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Both of these compounds are considered as biomarkers of acute kidney damage among people with T2DM.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine relationship between CRP and creatinine levels in T2DM patients.
Methods: We conducted analytic cross-sectional study in Kota Baru and Kalibaru sub-districts, Bekasi, from January until February 2019. Creatinine was measured using the jaffe method and CRP was measured using a latex agglutination technique. The correlation between CRP and creatinine was analyzed with Spearman test.
Results: Spearman correlation test from 55 samples showed a weak positive correlation (r = 0.289 ; p < 0.05) between CRP levels and creatinine levels. These results indicate that high CRP levels are directly proportional to creatinine levels in the serum of T2DM patients. Creatinine and CRP levels can be used as clinical parameters as biomarker for acute microvascular damage in nephron cells that can develop into complications due to T2DM.
Conclusion: There was a significant, weak positive correlation between CRP levels and creatinine levels in T2DM patients in Kota Baru and Kalibaru districts, Bekasi
Cloning and expression of Plasmodium falciparum lactate dehydrogenase (PfLDH) in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3)
Authors: Masduki Fifi Fitriyah , Hotimah Yeni , Rani Rosalia , Mawardi Arsyam , Ramandey Euniche R.P.F. , Fibriani Azzania , Suhandono Sony 
Published: February 2020

Background: Immediate and accurate diagnosis of malaria is essential for effective control of this disease. Immunochromatographic based rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) are economical, simple to perform, and provide results in a relative short time, can be useful to assist effective management of malaria. The commercially available malaria RDT in Indonesia is still imported. Therefore, an effort to produce malaria RDT independently is necessary. One of the biomarkers used in RDTs is Plasmodium lactate dehydrogenase pLDH. The production and accumulation of pLDH during asexual stage or blood-stage in all human infected malaria parasites can be used to indicate parasites viability, which is correlated with the number of parasites present in the plasma of infected patients.
Objective: The aim of this research is to produce recombinant PfLDH in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3).
Methods: PfLDH gene was cloned into pET30a expression vector to obtain a 6.2 kbp recombinant plasmid pET30a-PfLDH. E. coli BL21(DE3) was transformed with pET30a-PfLDH using the heat shock method. Then, E. coli BL21(DE3)- pET30a-PfLDH was cultured in LB broth containing 50 mg/mL kanamycin and was induced by 1mM IPTG at 37oC.
Results: SDS-PAGE and Western Blot analysis showed that recombinant PfLDH was expressed with molecular mass ~30 kDa.
Conclusion: Recombinant PfLDH is expressed in E. coli BL21(DE3) and can be used in further research for producing rPfLDH as a biomarker for malaria RDT development.
PERFORACION TRAUMATICA AISLADA DE LA VESICULA BILIAR: REVISION DE LA LITERATURA ACTUAL Y REPORTE DE UN CASO
Authors: Beltran Marcelo , Rodriguez Vega Francisco , Hevia Joaquin , Zaffiri Vittorio , Beltran Cruces Andrea 
Published: February 2020

Introducción: La lesión de la vesícula biliar secundaria a trauma abdominal cerrado constituye un evento infrecuente de perforación traumática de ella, de presentación tardía; revisamos la literatura científica actualmente disponible y además describimos un caso. Materiales y Método: Utilizando la plataforma PubMed se buscan las siguientes palabras clave: “Blunt abdominal trauma”. Se seleccionan las series con lesiones de la vesícula biliar: “Traumatic gallbladder rupture”. Se seleccionan los reportes de lesiones aisladas de la vesícula biliar: “Isolated gallbladder rupture”. Se seleccionan los reportes de presentación tardía de lesiones aisladas de la vesícula biliar: “Delayed presentation of isolated gallbladder rupture”. Resultados: De todas estas publicaciones se seleccionan las que a criterio de los autores son relevantes para el presente caso. Discusión: La mayoría de las perforaciones de la vesícula biliar se producen en vesículas sanas de paredes delgadas distendidas por el ayuno o el consumo de alcohol. No existe una presentación clínica clásica. Los estudios imagenológicos son inespecíficos y se llega al diagnóstico definitivo durante la exploración quirúrgica. El tratamiento de esta lesión es la colecistectomía. Conclusión: El diagnóstico no es fácil pero la resolución es relativamente simple y el pronóstico es bueno. El presente caso ilustra este tipo de lesiones en pacientes con trauma abdominal cerrado
Kebijakan pengembangan peternakan berbasis kawasan: Studi kasus di Kalimantan Timur
Authors: Mayulu Hamdi , Daru Taufan Purwokusumaning 
Published: February 2020

Pembangunan peternakan merupakan reorientasi kebijakan pertanian yang memiliki paradigma baru, yakni: secara makro berpihak kepada rakyat, pendelegasian tanggung jawab, perubahan struktur, dan pemberdayaan masyarakat melalui pendekatan usaha berkelanjutan, modern, serta profesional dengan memanfaatkan inovasi teknologi untuk meningkatkan efisiensi usaha. Pengembangan peternakan memerlukan sinergitas antara pemerintah, swasta, dan peternak skala kecil. Penetapan aturan, menyelenggarakan pengaturan, pembinaan, pengendalian, dan pengawasan produk merupakan peran pemerintah, sedangkan swasta, serta masyarakat berperan mewujudkan kecukupan produk peternakan, melaksanakan kegiatan produksi, perdagangan serta distribusi produk. Kebijakan pembangunan peternakan difokuskan pada lokasi khusus untuk ternak spesifik, dan didukung oleh sumber daya alam. Pengembangan peternakan tidak serta-merta mengikuti kebijakan kawasan, perlu kajian mendalam dan mendekati parameter usaha peternakan, serta karakteristik kawasan, agar mampu dimanfaatkan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan ternak. Kebijakan peningkatan populasi, dan produktivitas ruminansia belum menghasilkan dampak maksimal. Penurunan populasi menjadi kecenderungan fakta di lapangan, dan menimbulkan problema utama. Produktivitas belum dapat dibuktikan secara nyata, pemotongan ternak ruminansia rata-rata berada di bawah bobot ideal merupakan indikator utama. Pengembangan peternakan memerlukan pengelompokan basis wilayah yang disesuaikan dengan daya dukung sebagai model pengembangan ke depan. Strategi pendekatan wilayah dilakukan berdasarkan pertimbangan: 1) Pengembangan ternak tidak mungkin dilaksanakan di semua wilayah, karena keterbatasan sumber daya manusia, dan lahan; 2) Usaha peternakan berdasarkan kelayakan ekonomis ekonomis, tidak mungkin dipenuhi oleh semua wilayah; 3) Terbatasnya alokasi dana investasi, cenderung tidak optimal bila terbagi ke seluruh wilayah; dan 4) Pengembangan usaha peternakan pada wilayah potensial memberikan dampak pembangunan fasilitas yang tepat sasaran.
Pengaruh pre-treatment dalam pengolahan terhadap karakteristik fisiko-kimia dan sensoris tepung ubi jalar kuning (Ipomea batatas L.)
Authors: L Kristoporus , Saragih Bernatal 
Published: February 2020

Ubi jalar kuning selain memiliki karbohidrat yang tinggi juga memiliki antioksidan tinggi. Ubi jalar kuning dapat diolah menjadi tepung sebagai alternatif yang direkomendasikan karena tahan lama untuk disimpan, mudah dicampur, diperkaya dengan nutrisi dan praktis. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh metode pengolahan terhadap sifat fisiko kimia dan sensoris tepung ubi jalar kuning. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap 6 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Faktor yang diteliti dalam penelitian ini adalah pre-treatment dalam pengolahan tepung ubi jalar kuning yaitu pencacahan; pencacahan dan pengukusan; pemarutan; pemarutan dan pengukusan;pemarutan dan peragian; pemarutan, pengukusan dan peragian. Parameter yang diuji dalam penelitian ini adalah sifat kimia meliputi kadar air dan kadar abu, sifat fisik meliputi densitas kamba, wettability, dan daya serap air, sedangkan sifat sensoris meliputi uji tekstur, aroma dan warna. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan ANOVA dilanjutkan dengan uji BNT pada taraf α 5%. Metode pengolahan dengan pencacahan yang dilanjutkan dengan pengeringan memberikan tepung ubi jalar kuning dengan respon sensoris terbaik (suka untuk tekstur, aroma dan warna) dengan karakteristik fisiko-kimia untuk kadar air, kadar abu, densitas kamba, wettability dan daya sertap air berturut-turu 5,16%, 3,08%, 0,61 g.mL-1, 58,33 detik dan 1,70 g.