bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Managing supply chain uncertainty by building flexibility in container port capacity: a logistics triad perspective and the COVID-19 case
Authors: Russell Dawn , Ruamsook Kusumal , Roso Violeta 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe contemporary supply chains in which container ports logistics operate are characterized by increased uncertainties driven by a range of factors such as socioeconomic factors and changing supply chain strategies in response to market dynamics. Recently, the occurrences and effects of these factors on global economic activities, and thus container port logistics, have been intensified by the COVID-19 pandemic. Enabling flexibility in port logistics is more important than ever to navigate uncertainties, now and in the post-COVID-19 world. This paper seeks to develop a conceptual framework to holistically capture different dimensions of container port logistics capacity. A systematic literature review method is employed to formulate a conceptual framework depicting the structure of various elements of capacity and the interplay among the logistics triad of transport carriers, port operators, and logistics service providers whose interactions and service capacities constitute the overall capacity of the system. The study reveals four dimensions of port logistics capacity, namely seaside interface, platform, landside interface, and system-wide, each of which consists of subelements that can be distinguished into static or adjustable. The proposed framework provides insights corresponding to the logistics triad roles and interactions within the system for understanding uncertainty characteristics, assessing various elements of capacity, and identifying potential levers to build flexibility into these interrelated capacity elements.
Pushing the conductance and transparency limit of monolayer graphene electrodes for flexible organic light-emitting diodes
Authors: Ma Lai-Peng , Wu Zhongbin , Yin Lichang , Zhang Dingdong , Dong Shichao , Zhang Qing , Chen Mao-Lin , Ma Wei , Zhang Zhibin , Du Jinhong , Sun Dong-Ming , Liu Kaihui , Duan Xiangfeng , Ma Dongge , Cheng Hui-Ming , Ren Wencai 
Published: October 2020

Significance
Although graphene shows great promise as a generational flexible transparent electrode (FTE), its development has been severely limited by the intrinsic trade-off between electrical conductance and transparency with the performance metrics inferior to that of the state-of-the-art ITO electrodes. We report a straightforward approach to break previous limit in graphene FTEs and yield an unprecedented performance that rivals the best commercial ITO electrode. Using the tailored monolayer graphene FTE, we further demonstrate high-performance flexible green organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) with the efficiencies outperforming all comparable flexible OLEDs and surpassing that with rigid ITO anode. This simple strategy will boost the development of next-generation flexible optoelectronics beyond the dominant rigid platforms.
Nonlocal elastic metasurfaces: Enabling broadband wave control via intentional nonlocality
Authors: Zhu Hongfei , Patnaik Sansit , Walsh Timothy F. , Jared Bradley H. , Semperlotti Fabio 
Published: October 2020

Significance
The practical application of passive elastic metasurfaces is severely hindered by its intrinsic narrow-band performance due to the underlying locally resonant nature. In this study, we present the concept of “intentional nonlocality” as the fundamental mechanism to design broadband elastic metasurfaces for the control of stress waves in solid media. The nonlocal design breaks the strict dependence on the local resonance of the unit cells and allows crafting an elaborate frequency-wavenumber-dependent response that guarantees remarkable broadband performance. This approach eliminates the most significant barrier to the development of elastic metasurface-based devices and paves the way to a wide range of practical applications.
Neuroadaptations in the dorsal hippocampus underlie cocaine seeking during prolonged abstinence
Authors: Werner Craig T. , Mitra Swarup , Auerbach Benjamin D. , Wang Zi-Jun , Martin Jennifer A. , Stewart Andrew F. , Gobira Pedro H. , Iida Madoka , An Chunna , Cobb Moriah M. , Caccamise Aaron , Salvi Richard J. , Neve Rachael L. , Gancarz Amy M. , Dietz David M. 
Published: October 2020

Significance
Achieving abstinence is difficult for individuals with cocaine use disorder but the greater challenge is avoiding relapse. Relapse vulnerability is provoked by exposure to drug-associated cues that evoke drug craving. Cue-induced drug craving persists during prolonged abstinence and is mediated by neuroadaptations in the brain. We found that activin A is increased in the dorsal hippocampus (DH) during prolonged, but not acute, abstinence and regulates phosphorylation of NMDA receptor subunit GluN2B. Both activin A and GluN2B-containing NMDA receptors in the DH regulate cocaine seeking during prolonged abstinence. Hippocampal synaptic strength is increased during prolonged abstinence and DH projections to lateral septum regulate cocaine seeking. Together, the DH acquires an abstinent-dependent role in regulating cocaine seeking during prolonged abstinence.
Rewiring of B cell receptor signaling by Epstein–Barr virus LMP2A
Authors: Fish Kamonwan , Comoglio Federico , Shaffer Arthur L. , Ji Yanlong , Pan Kuan-Ting , Scheich Sebastian , Oellerich Angelika , Doebele Carmen , Ikeda Masato , Schaller Samantha J. , Nguyen Hang , Muppidi Jagan , Wright George W. , Urlaub Henning , Serve Hubert , Staudt Louis M. , Longnecker Richard , Oellerich Thomas 
Published: October 2020

Significance
B cell development and function depend on BCR signaling. Infection of primary B cells by EBV relies on the EBV-encoded protein LMP2A, which is currently thought to mimic BCR signaling. We revise this model based on systematic comparison of BCR and LMP2A signaling at the phosphoproteome and transcriptome levels. Our study identifies LMP2A signaling modules that are not shared by BCR signaling and elucidates their impact on gene expression in primary B cells. We describe a mechanism by which LMP2A interferes with apoptosis and cell-cycle checkpoints to cooperate with oncogenes in promoting cell survival and proliferation. These insights provide a framework in which to understand how EBV promotes malignant transformation of B cells.
Natural variability of the Arctic Ocean sea ice during the present interglacial
Authors: de Vernal Anne , Hillaire-Marcel Claude , Le Duc Cynthia , Roberge Philippe , Brice Camille , Matthiessen Jens , Spielhagen Robert F. , Stein Ruediger 
Published: October 2020

Significance
Arctic sea ice is an important component of the Earth’s climate system, but prior to its recent reduction, its long-term natural instabilities need to be better documented. In this study, information on past sea-ice conditions across the Arctic Ocean demonstrates that whereas its western and central parts remained occupied by perennial sea ice throughout the present interglacial, its southeastern sector close to the Russian margin experienced, at least, sporadic seasonal sea-ice-free conditions during the warmer part of the present interglacial until ∼4,000 y ago. Sea-ice-free conditions during summer in the southeastern Arctic Ocean seem, therefore, to be a recurrent feature linked to its natural variability during warm episodes of the past.
Agrobacterium-delivered VirE2 interacts with host nucleoporin CG1 to facilitate the nuclear import of VirE2-coated T complex
Authors: Li Xiaoyang , Yang Qinghua , Peng Ling , Tu Haitao , Lee Lan-Ying , Gelvin Stanton B. , Pan Shen Q. 
Published: October 2020

SignificanceMolecular trafficking into nuclei is essential for eukaryotic cells. However, it is not clear how a large linear protein complex enters the nucleus in a natural setting.Agrobacteriumdelivers T-DNA along with the protein VirD2 and perhaps VirE2 into the host nucleus. Here, we report that VirD2 provides the guide on the “head” and VirE2 provides the lateral assistance to facilitate nuclear import of the T-DNA–protein complex. VirE2 directly interacts with the host nuclear pore complex component nucleoporin CG1 to facilitate nuclear uptake of the T-complex and the transformation process. Our findings shed light on how a pathogen delivers large linear nucleoprotein complexes into host nuclei.
Metformin rescues Parkinson’s disease phenotypes caused by hyperactive mitochondria
Authors: Mor Danielle E. , Sohrabi Salman , Kaletsky Rachel , Keyes William , Tartici Alp , Kalia Vrinda , Miller Gary W. , Murphy Coleen T. 
Published: October 2020

Significance
Uncovering the role of defective metabolism in Parkinson’s disease (PD) may lead to the discovery of disease-modifying therapies. We recently linked branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) metabolism with PD, yet the underlying mechanisms were unknown. We now report the unexpected finding that BCAA metabolic dysfunction causes Parkinson’s-like motor deficits and neurodegeneration by inducing a state of hyperactive mitochondria. We found that the type 2 diabetes medication metformin is able to rescue neuronal viability by reducing mitochondrial respiration. These results offer mitochondrial hyperactivity as a new potential mechanism of mitochondrial dysfunction in Parkinson’s disease, and suggest that efforts to reduce mitochondrial respiration early in the disease—potentially by metformin treatment—may be efficacious.
Exploring the activation pathway and G
i
-coupling specificity of the μ-opioid receptor
Authors: Mondal Dibyendu , Kolev Vesselin , Warshel Arieh 
Published: October 2020

Significance
A detailed molecular-level understanding of the mechanism of activation and coupling selectivity of the μ-opioid receptor (μ-OR) is largely missing in the literature, despite remarkable advances in structural and biochemical studies. Here we have performed extensive free energy calculations using our electrostatic-based coarse-grained model and obtained a complete thermodynamic cycle and two-dimensional free energy landscapes for the activation process. This allowed us to propose a plausible sequence of events that drives the activation process. Additionally, we have been able to explain the selectivity of the coupling between μ-OR and G proteins, by using free energy calculations. This advance can serve as a basis for further progress in understanding the biased signaling of μ-OR.
Metallization of diamond
Authors: Shi Zhe , Dao Ming , Tsymbalov Evgenii , Shapeev Alexander , Li Ju , Suresh Subra 
Published: October 2020

Significance
Identifying the conditions for complete metallization of diamond solely through mechanical strain is an important scientific objective and technological demonstration. Through quantum mechanical calculations, continuum mechanics simulations validated by experiments, and machine learning, we show here that reversible metallization can be achieved in diamond deformed below threshold elastic strain levels for failure or phase transformation. The general method outlined here for deep elastic strain engineering is also applicable to map the strain conditions for indirect-to-direct bandgap transitions. Our method and findings enable extreme alterations of semiconductor properties via strain engineering for possible applications in power electronics, optoelectronics, and quantum sensing.
An inhibitor of endothelial ETS transcription factors promotes physiologic and therapeutic vessel regression
Authors: Schafer Christopher M. , Gurley Jami M. , Kurylowicz Katarzyna , Lin Prisca K. , Chen Wen , Elliott Michael H. , Davis George E. , Bhatti Faizah , Griffin Courtney T. 
Published: October 2020

Significance
Premature babies and diabetic patients can become blind when too many blood vessels develop in their eyes, and therapeutic strategies are needed for eliminating those extra vessels. We studied newborn mice that naturally undergo loss of some eye vessels to identify ways to promote blood vessel regression and elimination. We identified a class of proteins called E-26 transformation-specific transcription factors that are downregulated during normal vessel regression, especially in vessels with slow blood flow. Importantly, we found that a drug that disables these proteins can be used in mouse eyes to eliminate abnormal, slow-flow blood vessels similar to those seen in premature babies and diabetic patients.
Normal levels of ribosome-associated chaperones cure two groups of [PSI+] prion variants
Authors: Son Moonil , Wickner Reed B. 
Published: October 2020

Significance[PSI+] is a prion (infectious protein) form of the yeast Sup35 protein, propagating as an amyloid filamentous polymer. We find that each of the ribosome-associated chaperones—Ssb1/2p, Zuo1p, and Ssz1p—at their normal expression levels, blocks [PSI+] generation and the propagation of most new [PSI+] prion variants generated in their absence. The curing mechanism involves the functional triad of ribosome-associated chaperones. Our results suggest that cells do not want to have a prion: Cells reduce the chance of a prion emerging at the polypeptide level, and usually immediately cure those prions that do arise perhaps by limiting fiber growth.
Structural evolution of heavy rare Earth-based metal glass under high pressure
Authors: Yongyong Wang , Panpan Zhang , Qing Li , Gong Li 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The structural evolution of Er55Al25Co20 metallic glasses (MGs) at high pressure was studied through x-ray diffraction with synchrotron radiation. The compression ratio, differential structure factor, pair distribution function g(r), and relative resistance as functions of pressure were analyzed and discussed. A reversible polyamorphic transition with a clear hysteresis was detected in the Er55Al25Co20 MGs. The irreversible annihilation of free volume and voids led to a densification of the specimens. Electronic resistance measurements demonstrated that the transition was strongly correlated with the electronic structural evolution. The results provide a new insight into understanding the mechanisms of polyamorphism in MGs.
STARCH: copy number and clone inference from spatial transcriptomics data
Authors: Elyanow Rebecca , Zeira Ron , Land Max , Raphael Benjamin J 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Tumors are highly heterogeneous, consisting of cell populations with both transcriptional and genetic diversity. These diverse cell populations are spatially organized within a tumor, creating a distinct tumor microenvironment. A new technology called spatial transcriptomics can measure spatial patterns of gene expression within a tissue by sequencing RNA transcripts from a grid of spots, each containing a small number of cells. In tumor cells, these gene expression patterns represent the combined contribution of regulatory mechanisms, which alter the rate at which a gene is transcribed, and genetic diversity, particularly copy number aberrations (CNAs) which alter the number of copies of a gene in the genome. CNAs are common in tumors and often promote cancer growth through upregulation of oncogenes or downregulation of tumor-suppressor genes. We introduce a new method STARCH (spatial transcriptomics algorithm reconstructing copy-number heterogeneity) to infer CNAs from spatial transcriptomics data. STARCH overcomes challenges in inferring CNAs from RNA-sequencing data by leveraging the observation that cells located nearby in a tumor are likely to share similar CNAs. We find that STARCH outperforms existing methods for inferring CNAs from RNA-sequencing data without incorporating spatial information.
Feedback-aided data acquisition improves myoelectric control of a prosthetic hand
Authors: Gigli Andrea , Brusamento Donato , Meattini Roberto , Melchiorri Claudio , Castellini Claudio 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Objective. Pattern-recognition-based myocontrol can be unreliable, which may limit its use in the clinical practice and everyday activities. One cause for this is the poor generalization of the underlying machine learning models to untrained conditions. Acquiring the training data and building the model more interactively can reduce this problem. For example, the user could be encouraged to target the model’s instabilities during the data acquisition supported by automatic feedback guidance. Interactivity is an emerging trend in myocontrol of upper-limb electric prostheses: the user should be actively involved throughout the training and usage of the device.

Approach. In this study, 18 non-disabled participants tested two novel feedback-aided acquisition protocols against a standard one that did not provide any guidance. All the protocols acquired data dynamically in multiple arm positions to counteract the limb position effect. During feedback-aided acquisition, an acoustic signal urged the participant to hover with the arm in specific regions of her peri-personal space, de facto acquiring more data where needed. The three protocols were compared on everyday manipulation tasks performed with a prosthetic hand. Main results. Our results showed that feedback-aided data acquisition outperformed the acquisition routine without guidance, both objectively and subjectively. Significance. This indicates that the interaction with the user during the data acquisition is fundamental to improve myocontrol.
Material modifications enhancing the antibacterial properties of two biodegradable poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) implants
Authors: Ferlic P W , Nogler M , Weinberg A M , Kühn K D , Liebensteiner M , Coraça-Huber D C 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of adding a gentamicin palmitate (GP) coating and zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) to biodegradable poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) to reduce biofilm formation. Cylindrical pins with and without a coating were incubated in Müller-Hinton broth inoculated with 2 × 105 colony-forming units (CFU) ml-1 of Staphylococcus aureus for 2 d or 7 d, then sonicated to disrupt biofilms. Pure PHB (PHB + GP) and PHB pins with ZrO2 added (PHBzr + GP) were coated with GP and compared with PHB pins lacking a coating (PHB). Cells (CFU) were counted to quantify the number of bacteria in the biofilm and a cell proliferation assay was employed to evaluate metabolic activity, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed to visualize the structure of the biofilm. After 2 d of incubation there were significantly more cells in biofilms on PHB pins than PHB + GP and PHBzr + GP pins (p < 0.0001), and cells in the sonication fluid obtained from GP-coated pins exhibited significantly lower metabolic activity than cells from uncoated PHB pins (p < 0.0001). After 7 d of incubation metabolic activity was lowest for PHBzr + GP, with significant differences between PHB and PHBzr + GP (p = 0.001). SEM revealed more cells attached to the surface, and more structured biofilms, on pins without a coating. Coating pins with GP significantly reduced early biofilm formation on PHB implants. This could lower the potential risk of surgical site infections when using PHB implants. Addition of ZrO2 might further enhance the antibacterial properties. Such modification of the implant material should therefore be considered when developing new biodegradable PHB implants.
Delivery of dimethyloxalylglycine in calcined bone calcium scaffold to improve osteogenic differentiation and bone repair
Authors: Weng Tujun , Zhou Liangliang , Yi Lingxian , Zhang Chunli , He Ying , Wang Tianqi , Ju Yue , Xu Ye , Li Li 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
As hypoxia plays a vital role in the angiogenic-osteogenic coupling, using proline hydroxylase inhibitors to manipulate hypoxia-inducible factors has become a strategy to improve the osteogenic properties of biomaterials. Dimethyloxallyl glycine (DMOG) is a 2-ketoglutarate analog, a small molecular compound that competes for 2-ketoglutaric acid to inhibit proline hydroxylase. In order to improve the osteogenic ability of calcined bone calcium (CBC), a new hypoxia-mimicking scaffold (DMOG/Collagen/CBC) was prepared by immersing it in the DMOG-Collagen solution, followed by freeze-drying. All coated CBC scaffolds retained the inherent natural porous architecture and showed excellent biocompatibility. A slow release of DMOG by the DMOG-loaded CBC scaffolds for up to one week was observed in in vitro experiments. Moreover, the DMOG/Collagen/CBC composite scaffold was found to significantly stimulate bone marrow stromal cells to express osteogenic and angiogenic genes in vitro. In addition, the osteogenic properties of three kinds of scaffolds, raw CBC, Collagen/CBC, and DMOG/Collagen/CBC, were evaluated by histology using the rabbit femoral condyle defect model. Histomorphometric analyses showed that the newly formed bone (BV/TV) in the DMOG/Collagen/CBC group was significantly higher than that of the Collagen/CBC group. However, immunostaining of CD31 and Runx2 expression between these two groups showed no significant difference at this time point. Our results indicate that DMOG-coated CBC can promote osteogenic differentiation and bone healing, and show potential for clinical application in bone tissue engineering.
Smart releasing electrospun nanofibers—poly: L.lactide fibers as dual drug delivery system for biomedical application
Authors: Wulf Katharina , Arbeiter Daniela , Matschegewski Claudia , Teske Michael , Huling Jennifer , Schmitz Klaus-Peter , Grabow Niels , Kohse Stefanie 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
An ongoing challenge in drug delivery systems for a variety of medical applications, including cardiovascular diseases, is the delivery of multiple drugs to address numerous phases of a treatment or healing process. Therefore, an extended dual drug delivery system (DDDS) based on our previously reported cardiac DDDS was generated. Here we use the polymer poly(L-lactide) (PLLA) as drug carrier with the cytostatic drug Paclitaxel (PTX) and the endothelial cell proliferation enhancing growth factor, human vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), to overcome typical in-stent restenosis complications. We succeeded in using one solution to generate two separate DDDS via spray coating (film) and electrospinning (nonwoven) with the same content of PTX and the same post processing for VEGF immobilisation. Both processes are suitable as coating techniques for implants. The contact angle analysis revealed differences between films and nonwovens. Whereas, the morphological analysis demonstrated nearly no changes occurred after immobilisation of both drugs. Glass transition temperatures (Tg
) and degree of crystallinity (χ) show only minor changes. The amount of immobilised VEGF on nonwovens was over 300% higher compared to the films. Also, the nonwovens revealed a much faster and over three times higher PTX release over 70 d compared to the films. The almost equal physical properties of nonwovens and films allow the comparison of both DDDS independently of their fabrication process. Both films and nonwovens have significantly increased in vitro cell viability for human umbilical vein endothelial cells (EA.hy926) with dual loaded PTX and VEGF compared to PTX-only loaded samples.
On non-steady planar motions of fibre-reinforced fluids. Geometry and integrable structure
Authors: Demskoi D K , Schief W K 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
It is shown that the kinematic system describing planar non-steady motions of ideal fibre-reinforced fluids may be reduced to a single two-dimensional third-order partial differential equation in which time enters parametrically. A procedure is established which maps steady motions to non-steady motions. The resulting motions inherit their hidden integrable structure from the steady case. The formalism presented here also readily recovers the connection with the scattering problem of the modified Korteweg–de Vries (mKdV) hierarchy established in previous work.