bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Human neutrophil antigens: Nature, clinical significance and detection
Authors: Browne Tom , Dearman Rebecca J. , Poles Anthony 
Published: September 2020

AbstractGranulocytes are an essential part of both the innate and adaptive immune systems. Human neutrophil antigens (HNAs) are a family of epitopes that are located on glycoproteins that are mostly expressed on human granulocytes. Antibodies that recognize these epitopes have been associated with neutropenia, transfusion complications, haematopoietic stem cell transplant nonengraftment and renal transplant rejection. Currently, there are fourteen recognized HNA alleles across five antigen systems (HNA‐1 through HNA‐5), the molecular basis of which are located on the genes FCGR3B, CD177, SLC44A2, ITGAM and ITGAL, respectively. Elucidation of the associated genes has permitted the development of testing strategies for HNA typing and aided understanding of the associated epitopes. This review will outline the associated clinical conditions that require HNA investigation and how these are performed in specialized laboratories. Investigations provided are both reactive for patients with a variety of existing or suspected neutropenias and proactive in the testing of blood component donors in order to reduce the potential risk to patients who require transfusion.
Cognitive reactivity among high‐risk individuals at the first and recurrent episode of depression symptomology: A structural equation modelling analysis
Authors: Huang Fei Fei , Chen Wei‐ti , Lin Yu An , Hong Yu Ting , Chen Bin 
Published: September 2020

AbstractUnderstanding the particular mechanisms by which vulnerability and capability factors influence cognitive reactivity (CR) can contribute to an enhanced capacity to adequately react to depression. However, few studies have explored the CR model. The main aim of the present study was to develop a model that specifies the predictive effects of CR for depression among individuals at high risk for first‐episode and recurrent depression. A national cross‐sectional, online study using convenience sampling was conducted among 587 vulnerable healthy individuals and 224 depressed patients in China. A battery of indices, including measures of CR, social support, resilience, self‐compassion, life events, neuroticism, sleep condition, and negative emotion, were collected. A structural equation model was applied to analyse the data. The final first‐episode and recurrent depressive symptoms of the CR models showed good model fit. According to the models, 45%–52% of the variance in depressive symptom was predicted by CR. Social support, self‐compassion, resilience, and positive life events directly influenced CR, with β values ranging from −0.18 to −0.24 (P < 0.01). Neuroticism, negative emotion, poor sleep conditions, and negative life events also directly and positively influenced CR (P < 0.01). The relationship between these negative or positive contributing factors and depression was also indirectly influenced by CR (P < 0.01). Our findings demonstrate the role of CR in the prevention and treatment of depression. The first‐episode and recurrent depressive symptoms of the CR models considering both vulnerabilities and capabilities of CR in the psychopathology of depression provide a theoretical basis for interventions that reduce CR in high‐risk populations.
Structuring adolescent’s oral health effects on labour market entry in a cohort study
Authors: Ortiz Fernanda Ruffo , Ardenghi Thiago Machado , Maroneze Marilia Cunha , Paiva Saul Martins , Pordeus Isabela Almeida 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAimTo evaluate the influence of the oral conditions and oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL) on the entry of adolescents on labour.DesignThis cohort study was performed in southern Brazil, within a random sample of 12‐year‐old adolescents (n = 1134). Oral health (dental caries, malocclusion, and toothache), OHRQoL (Child Perceptions Questionnaire 11‐14), demographic factors, and family's socioeconomic status (household income and mother's education) were collected at baseline (2012). Education level and employment outcomes, such as labour market entry and earnings from work, were collected at 6‐year follow‐up. Path analysis was used to estimate the overall fit measurement, standardized coefficients (SC), and its direct and indirect effects.ResultsAmong 1134 participants, 768 adolescents with mean of age 17.5 years old were reassessed (retention rate of 68%). There was direct effect from poor OHRQoL on labour market entry (SC 0.057; P = .02). Sex and age also had a direct effect on employment outcomes. Socioeconomic status impacts oral health conditions as well as OHRQoL scores (P < .01). Household income, malocclusion, and toothache had indirect effects on labour market entry.ConclusionOral health indirectly affects employment outcomes, through its effects on OHRQoL. Moreover, OHRQoL directly affects labour market entry in adolescents.
Security Cooperation in the ASEM Process: Assessing the Prospects
Authors: Choi Jinwoo 
Published: September 2020

From the inception, the ASEM had security issues high on its agenda. And yet, the pre‐eminence given to the security issues in the declaratory remarks by ASEM members notwithstanding, virtually nothing has been done. Would the ASEM remain useful and relevant in the security realm, or would the talk of security cooperation lapse into a mere decorative accessory meaninglessly attached to the ASEM process? Focusing on what is called ‘comprehensive security’ areas, especially on the issues of environmental protection, control of migration flows, and prevention of international crime including the trafficking of drugs and prostitution, this paper explores the prospects for cooperation between Asia and Europe within the ASEM context.The argument made in this paper is simple. The relationship between Asia and Europe in the fields of comprehensive security where cooperation between the two is projected most promising in fact embodies a suasion game, in which cooperation between the two requires a high level of institutionalization that features a monitoring and an enforcement mechanism. But institutionalization of the ASEM process is rendered difficult given the divergent cultural traits of Asia and Europe and the converging relative power status of the two. To the extent that institutionalization of the ASEM process remains a daunting task, the prospects for Asia‐Europe security cooperation even in non‐military areas is not very bright.
Reasonable Disagreement About, and Within, Watson and Hartley’s Political Liberalism
Authors: Billingham Paul 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis article considers how successfully Watson and Hartley achieve the two main aims of their excellent book, Equal Citizenship and Public Reason: first, developing and defending a distinctive version of political liberalism and, second, showing that this is a feminist political liberalism. I challenge both their general defence of their view and the arguments regarding feminism. Both discussions raise questions about the conceptualisation of reasonable disagreement, so I finish with some further comments about ways in which reasonable disagreement about justice creates internal tensions within Watson and Hartley’s theory.
Respect, Religion, and Feminism: Comments on Lori Watson and Christie Hartley, Equal Citizenship and Public Reason: A Feminist Political Liberalism
Authors: Chambers Clare 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThere is significant disagreement among feminists and liberals about the compatibility between the two doctrines. Political liberalism has come under particular criticism from feminists, who argue that its restricted form of equality is insufficient. In contrast, Lori Watson and Christie Hartley argue that political liberalism can and must be feminist. This article raises three areas of disagreement with Watson and Hartley’s incisive account of feminist political liberalism. First, it argues that an appeal to a comprehensive doctrine can be compatible with respecting others, if that appeal is to the value of equality. Second, it takes issue with Watson and Hartley's defence of religious exemptions to equality law. Third, it argues that political liberalism can be compatible with feminism but that it is not itself adequately feminist. It concludes that political liberalism is not enough for feminists.
Substantive Equality and Equal Citizenship1
Authors: Baehr Amy R. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn Part 1, I argue that Watson and Hartley’s relational feminist political liberal approach – grounded in the idea of equal citizenship – produces a rather elusive liberal feminist agenda (because of its reliance on intuitions) and that it may lose track of the importance of goods whose value stems from the role they play in an individual woman’s or girl’s life rather than from the role they play in securing equal citizenship. I suggest that a distributive principle approach – like that of Susan Okin – might do better on both scores. In Part 2, I argue that Watson and Hartley may have overpromised what the state can and may do. Discussion includes focus on policy questions concerning, for example, prostitution and the gendered division of labor.
A lncRNA prognostic signature associated with immune infiltration and tumour mutation burden in breast cancer
Authors: Liu Zijian , Mi Mi , Li Xiaoqian , Zheng Xin , Wu Gang , Zhang Liling 
Published: September 2020

AbstractCurrent studies have shown that long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) may serve as prognostic biomarkers in multiple cancers. Therefore, we postulated that expression patterns of multiple lncRNAs combined into a single signature could improve clinicopathological risk stratification and prediction of overall survival rate for breast cancer patients. Two algorithms, Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selector Operation (LASSO) and Support Vector Machine‐Recursive Feature Elimination (SVM‐RFE), were used to select candidate lncRNAs. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were employed to construct a seven‐lncRNA signature for breast cancer. Stratified analysis revealed that the signature was significantly associated with multiple clinicopathological risk factors. For clinical use, we developed a nomogram model to predict overall survival and odds of death for breast cancer patients. Single‐sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA), CIBERSORT algorithm and ESTIMATE method were employed to assess the relative immune cell infiltrations of each sample. Differentially infiltration of immune cells and diverse tumour mutation burden (TMB) scores might give rise to the efficacy of lncRNA signature for predicting the overall survival of patients. Correlation analysis implied that LINC01215 was associated with multiple immune‐related signalling pathways. A seven‐lncRNA prognostic signature is a reliable tool to predict the prognosis of breast cancer patients.
Serum sCD14, PGLYRP2 and FGA as potential biomarkers for multidrug‐resistant tuberculosis based on data‐independent acquisition and targeted proteomics
Authors: Chen Jing , Han Yu‐Shuai , Yi Wen‐Jing , Huang Huai , Li Zhi‐Bin , Shi Li‐Ying , Wei Li‐Liang , Yu Yi , Jiang Ting‐Ting , Li Ji‐Cheng 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMultidrug‐resistant tuberculosis (MDR‐TB), defined as tuberculosis (TB) resistant to at least isoniazid and rifampicin, is a major concern of TB control worldwide. However, the diagnosis of MDR‐TB remains a huge challenge to its prevention and control. To identify new diagnostic methods for MDR‐TB, a mass spectrometry strategy of data‐independent acquisition and parallel reaction monitoring was used to detect and validate differential serum proteins. The bioinformatic analysis showed that the functions of differential serum proteins between the MDR‐TB group and the drug‐sensitive tuberculosis group were significantly correlated to the complement coagulation cascade, surface adhesion and extracellular matrix receptor interaction, suggesting a disorder of coagulation in TB. Here, we identified three potential candidate biomarkers such as sCD14, PGLYRP2 and FGA, and established a diagnostic model using these three candidate biomarkers with a sensitivity of 81.2%, a specificity of 90% and the area under the curve value of 0.934 in receiver operation characteristics curve to diagnose MDR‐TB. Our study has paved the way for a novel method to diagnose MDR‐TB and may contribute to elucidate the mechanisms underlying MDR‐TB.
Deconstructing the Complexities of Advance Care Planning Outcomes: What Do We Know and Where Do We Go? A Scoping Review
Authors: McMahan Ryan D. , Tellez Ismael , Sudore Rebecca L. 
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVESAdvance care planning (ACP) has shown benefit in some, but not all, studies. It is important to understand the utility of ACP. We conducted a scoping review to identify promising interventions and outcomes.DESIGNScoping review.MEASUREMENTSWe searched MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Web of Science for ACP randomized controlled trials from January 1, 2010, to March 3, 2020. We used standardized Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta‐Analyses methods to chart study characteristics, including a standardized ACP Outcome Framework: Process (e.g., readiness), Action (e.g., communication), Quality of Care (e.g., satisfaction), Health Status (e.g., anxiety), and Healthcare Utilization. Differences between arms of P < .05 were deemed positive.RESULTSOf 1,464 articles, 69 met eligibility; 94% were rated high quality. There were variable definitions, age criteria (≥18 to ≥80 years), diseases (e.g., dementia and cancer), and settings (e.g., outpatient and inpatient). Interventions included facilitated discussions (42%), video only (20%), interactive, multimedia (17%), written only (12%), and clinician training (9%). For written only, 75% of primary outcomes were positive, as were 69% for multimedia programs; 67% for facilitated discussions, 59% for video only, and 57% for clinician training. Overall, 72% of Process and 86% of Action outcomes were positive. For Quality of Care, 88% of outcomes were positive for patient‐surrogate/clinician congruence, 100% for patients/surrogate/clinician satisfaction with communication, and 75% for surrogate satisfaction with patientsʼ care, but not for goal concordance. For Health Status outcomes, 100% were positive for reducing surrogate/clinician distress, but not for patient quality of life. Healthcare Utilization data were mixed.CONCLUSIONACP is complex, and trial characteristics were heterogeneous. Outcomes for all ACP interventions were predominantly positive, as were Process and Action outcomes. Although some Quality of Care and Health Status outcomes were mixed, increased patient/surrogate satisfaction with communication and care and decreased surrogate/clinician distress were positive. Further research is needed to appropriately tailor interventions and outcomes for local contexts, set appropriate expectations of ACP outcomes, and standardize across studies.
Applying Ethical Principles When Discussing Alcohol Use During Pregnancy
Authors: Edwards Alexandra , Kelsey Beth , Pierce‐Bulger Marilyn , Rawlins Susan , Ruhl Catherine , Ryan Sharon , King Diane K. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractOver the past 2 decades, more women in the United States are engaging in excessive alcohol use, including women of reproductive age. Consuming alcohol in amounts greater than recommended limits is associated with an increased risk for adverse health effects, such as breast cancer, hypertension stroke, spontaneous abortion, and infertility. No safe time, safe amount, or safe type of alcohol to consume during pregnancy has been identified. Contradictory beliefs about alcohol use, fear of stigmatization, and potential legal consequences can provide challenges for health care providers who communicate these risks to clients. Health care providers can help to prevent alcohol‐related health issues, including alcohol‐exposed pregnancies, by providing their clients with factual information about alcohol and health and client‐centered options for reducing their health risks. Clinicians can use alcohol screening and brief intervention as a framework for applying the ethical principles of autonomy, veracity, beneficence, and nonmaleficence when talking with women in ways that are nonstigmatizing and supportive to help reduce their health risks and prevent alcohol‐exposed pregnancies.
Long non‐coding RNAs in motor neuron development and disease
Authors: Vangoor Vamshidhar R. , Gomes‐Duarte Andreia , Pasterkamp R. Jeroen 
Published: September 2020

AbstractLong non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are RNAs that exceed 200 nucleotides in length and that are not translated into proteins. Thousands of lncRNAs have been identified with functions in processes such as transcription and translation regulation, RNA processing, and RNA and protein sponging. LncRNAs show prominent expression in the nervous system and have been implicated in neural development, function and disease. Recent work has begun to report on the expression and roles of lncRNAs in motor neurons (MNs). The cell bodies of MNs are located in cortex, brainstem or spinal cord and their axons project into the brainstem, spinal cord or towards peripheral muscles, thereby controlling important functions such as movement, breathing and swallowing. Degeneration of MNs is a pathological hallmark of diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and spinal muscular atrophy. LncRNAs influence several aspects of MN development and disruptions in these lncRNA‐mediated effects are proposed to contribute to the pathogenic mechanisms underlying MN diseases (MNDs). Accumulating evidence suggests that lncRNAs may comprise valuable therapeutic targets for different MNDs. In this review, we discuss the role of lncRNAs (including circular RNAs [circRNAs]) in the development of MNs, discuss how lncRNAs may contribute to MNDs and provide directions for future research.
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Chinese investment in the Brazilian soybean sector: Navigating relations of private governance
Authors: Peine Emelie K. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis paper examines how Chinese agribusiness firms are engaging with established systems of private governance in the Brazilian soybean sector and how that engagement is variously accommodated, contested, and configured by local realities that reflect the uneven history of transnational agribusiness development across the Brazilian agro‐export region. Using qualitative data collected at three research sites that represent different historical moments in the Brazilian agro‐export region (Mato Grosso, Goiás, and Bahia), the paper argues that the social structures underlying the particular agrarian histories of these three subregions create unique contexts Chinese firms must navigate, which in turn shapes their engagement with the private agribusiness regime across space. Although the private agribusiness regime is often portrayed as a top‐down system of governance that subjugates the polity to the demands of capital, this framing neglects to understand how that system of power is contested, negotiated, and reshaped on the ground. These three cases serve to historicize the uneven penetration of Chinese firms across the Brazilian soybean sector.
In vivo and in vitro hair growth‐promoting effect of silver and iron nanoparticles synthesized via Blumea eriantha DC plant extract
Authors: Chavan Rohankumar R. , Bhinge Somnath D. , Bhutkar Mangesh A. , Randive Dheeraj S. , Wadkar Ganesh H. , Todkar Sachin S. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundBlumea eriantha DC is the Indian medicinal remedy, mainly distributed in the States of India. It possesses wide array of medicinal properties.AimTo execute green synthesis approach for the preparation of silver and iron nanoparticles by using alcoholic Blumea ErianthaDC extract and to verify the biological potential of the prepared nanoparticles as a hair growth promoter.Patients/MethodExtract was mixed with silver nitrate and ferric chloride for synthesis of silver and iron nanoparticles, respectively. Prepared nanoparticles were confirmed by UV, FT‐IR, SEM, X‐ray diffraction, and TEM. The qualitative and quantitative analysis was performed namely hair growth initiation, hair growth completion, hair length, hair weight, histopathological studies, skin thickness, and length of the hair follicle.ResultsThe prepared nanoparticles were observed as a blend of spherical and irregular shape with an average particle size of 35nm. The transition of anagen hair follicles was observed in approximately 63.43 % of animals treated with Minoxidil, whereas 2% and 5% Blumea erianthasilver nanoparticles treated animal group exhibited 33.02% and 60.93%, respectively. The animal groups treated with 2% and 5% iron nanoparticles of Blumea Eriantha showed 44.09 and 38.89% in anagen induction, respectively, which suggest the hair growth‐promoting potential of the extract of Blumea erianthaDC.ConclusionThus, it can be concluded that silver nanoparticles of Blumea Eriantha exhibit promising hair growth promoting activity.
Effects of two zinc supplementation levels and two zinc and copper sources with different solubility characteristics on the growth performance, carcass characteristics and digestibility of growing‐finishing pigs
Authors: Villagómez‐Estrada Sandra , Pérez José Francisco , van Kuijk Sandra , Melo‐Durán Diego , Karimirad Razzagh , Solà‐Oriol David 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of two Zn supplemented levels and two Zn and Cu sources (sulphate and hydroxychloride) on growing‐finishing pigs. An in vitro study and an in vivo study were conducted. In the in vitro study, Zn solubility from each source at different Zn supplementation levels was evaluated, as well as the phytic phosphorus (PP) solubility derived from the interaction or not with phytic acid at similar conditions to those found in digestive tract. The most critical interaction of Zn with phytic acid was at pH 6.5 and with Zn sulphate, resulting in the reduction in PP solubility. In the in vivo experiment, a total of 444 pigs ([Duroc × Landrace]×Pietrain; initial BW: 18.7 ± 0.20 kg) were allotted to 36 pens in a randomized complete block design (2 × 2) factorial arrangement with two Zn and Cu sources and two Zn supplemental levels (20 and 80 mg/kg). The Cu supplementation was fixed at 15 mg/kg for all diets. There was no effect of the interaction between mineral source × Zn level or Zn level on growth performance or carcass characteristics (p > .10). Apparent total digestibility of Zn and Cu along with carcass yield was higher for pigs fed hydroxychloride than pigs fed the sulphate counterparts (p < .05). Feeding low levels of Zn decreased Zn (45.5%;p< .0001) and Cu(18.5%;p = .018) faecal excretion. In conclusion, under commercial conditions, feeding growing‐finishing pigs with Zn levels below those established by the European Union regulation did not affect growth performance and carcass characteristics. Reducing dietary mineral (Zn and Cu) diet content resulted in a lower faecal mineral excretion. Pigs fed sulphate minerals had an improved performance during grower period, while pigs fed hydroxychloride minerals showed an improved performance during finishing period and a greater carcass yield and mineral digestibility than those fed sulphates.