bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Earnings Ability on Financial Performance of Savings and Credit Societies in Kenya
Authors: Muturi Prof. Willy , Barus Jane J. , Kibati Dr. Patrick , Koima Dr. Joel 
Published: September 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to establish the effect of earnings ability on financial performance of savings and credit societies in Kenya.
Methodology: The study employed an explanatory research design. The target population was 83 registered deposit taking SACCO’s in Kenya that have been in operation for the last five years. The sample size for the study was all 83 SACCOs that have remained in existence since 2011-2015. Census methodology was used in the study. Both primary and secondary sources of data were employed. Multiple linear regression models were used to analyze the data using statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) and STATA. A pilot study was conducted to measure the research instruments reliability and validity. Descriptive and inferential analysis was conducted to analyze the data. The data was presented using tables and graphs.
Results: Based on the findings the study concluded that earnings ability influenced the financial performance of savings and credit societies in Kenya. This can be explained by the regression results which showed that the influence was positive and also showed the magnitude by which earnings ability influenced the financial performance of savings and credit societies. The univariate regression results showed that earnings ability influenced the financial performance of savings and credit societies by 6.438units.
Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommended for continuous review of credit policies, establishment of irrecoverable loan provision policies, development of sound staff recruitment policies and the use of appropriate financing mix. Further, the Government should review legal framework to ensure that institutional capital is used to grow SACCO’s’ wealth.
Turnaround Strategies and Their Influence on the Financial Performance of Organizations: A Case Study of Uchumi Supermarkets Ltd-Nairobi County Branches
Authors: Mbandu Angelica 
Published: September 2020

Purpose: The main purpose of this study was to establish the influence of turnaround strategies on the performance of Organizations: A case study of Uchumi Supermarkets Ltd, Nairobi branches.Methodology: This study employed descriptive case study design. Uchumi supermarkets Ltd, Nairobi branches was the unit of study. This study purposively sampled 35 respondents from the 90 managers at all the management levels with equal representation. This was a 40% representation. This research was conducted through a case study to enable the researcher explore the matter in depth. Primary data was gathered by use of closed ended questionnaires, which were self-administered. A pilot study was conducted in order to establish the validity and reliability of data collection instruments. After data had been collected through questionnaires, it was prepared in readiness for analysis by editing, handling blank responses, coding, categorizing and keying into Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) computer software for analysis. SPSS was used to produce frequencies, descriptive and inferential statistics which were used to derive conclusions and generalizations regarding the population.Results: The study findings indicated that debt restructuring, change management, asset restructuring are positively and significantly related to performance. The results also indicated that debt restructuring explains 24.6% of performance of Uchumi Supermarkets Limited. The results also indicated that Changes in management explains 45.2% of performance of Uchumi Supermarkets Limited. The results further indicated that asset restructuring explains 21% of performance of Uchumi Supermarkets Limited. The results also indicated that staff rationalization explains 8.2% of performance of Uchumi Supermarkets Limited.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommended that organizations aiming to turnaround and improve their financial performance should include debt restructuring, change management and asset restructuring. . The study also recommends that Uchumi supermarkets limited should continue with the turnaround strategies like engaging human resource consultants to head hunt for key individuals for managerial positions, having structured and competitive salaries for key managerial positions and implementing performance based bonus pay programs for key staff because they lead to improved performance.
EFFECTS OF MACROECONOMIC FACTORS ON STOCK RETURNS IN NIGERIA
Authors: Ayuba James Akwe , Balago Garba Salisu , Dagwom Dang Yohanna 
Published: September 2020

Purpose: This study set out to examine the effects of macroeconomic factors on stock returns for top twenty-five most capitalized quoted equity firms in Nigeria. Emerging markets have different structure and institutional characteristics from developed stock markets, and in view of the fact that investors are interested in getting more insights into the activities of blue chip companies, it is imperative to find out whether stock returns in Nigeria respond differently to effects of macroeconomic factors or not. Hence, the study investigated the effects of inflation rate, interest rate and money supply on stock returns of selected quoted firms in Nigeria from 2007 – 2016.
Methodology: The population comprises top twenty-five most capitalized quoted equity firms, out of which twenty-one companies represent the sample of the study. The study adopted ex-post facto research design. The study used secondary data obtained from the audited accounts of the sampled firms, Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin and the Nigerian Stock Exchange database and website. Analysis of data was carried out using panel data regression.
Findings: The panel regression results indicate significant negative effects between inflation rate, money supply and stock returns of selected quoted companies in Nigeria, while insignificant negative effect is revealed between interest rate and stock returns in Nigeria.
Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommends among others, taking note of the systematic risks revealed by inflation rate, interest rate and money supply when structuring portfolios and diversification strategies; and intensifying capital market sensitization campaigns by the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Keywords: Inflation rate, interest rate, money supply and stock returns.
EFFECT OF RISK MANAGEMENT PRACTICESON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF COMMERCIAL STATE CORPORATIONS IN KENYA: A CASE OF JOMO KENYATTA FOUNDATION
Authors: Rop Emmy Chelangat , Rotich Dr. Gladys 
Published: September 2020

Purpose: Risk if not well managed could lead to dissatisfactory performance of most organizations. Risk management should be at the central part of an organization’s operations by integrating risk management practices into Systems, processes, and culture of the entire organization. This study sought to establish the effect of Risk management practices on financial performance of Commercial state corporations in Kenya, a case of JKF.
Methodology: The study adopted a descriptive study. The total population of the study was the employees of JKF. According to 2014/2015 Kenya National Audit office report, there are 119 employees of JKF. The study used secondary data which was collected from published reports and audited financial statements for five years for periods between 2011 and 2016. The collected data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The study adopted regression analysis and statistical significance was measured at the 5% level of significance. R2 was used to determine strength of the relationship of the variables under study.
Results: The study found significant relationships between financial performance of commercial state corporations and operational, financial and strategic risk management practices to an extent of 98.7%, 92.7% and 87.4% respectively. The findings indicate that there is a fairly strong positive relationship between reputational risk management practices and financial performance to an extent of 56.2%. Efficient management of operational risks leads to lower operating expense and increased profitability. Practices that lead to general reduction of liabilities would positively affect firm’s financial performance.
Unique contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study recommended that state corporations should comprehensively implement risk management good practices as outlined in their “MWONGOZO” guidelines. Further it was recommended that future studies should be carried out to include all state corporations based on data from a longer duration.
EFFECT OF CREDIT COLLECTION PRACTICES ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN KENYA
Authors: Cheptum Florence Jemutai 
Published: September 2020

Purpose: The main objective of this study is to establish the effect of credit collection practices on the financial performance of manufacturing firms in Kenya. Manufacturing firms have been experiencing a number of challenges in their application of credit collection practices to ensure sound financial performance.
Methodology: The study adopted two research designs; descriptive and causal. The accessible population for the study was 558 registered manufacturing firms. Stratified sampling technique was used to select the sample size and a sample of 233 manufacturing firms was arrived at using Yamane’s formula. Questionnaires were the main instruments used to collect primary data. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were utilized in data analysis with the aid of SPSS. Data presentation methods used included frequency tables and percentages. Data collected were tested using, univariate test to provide an insight using both parametric (F-test) and non-parametric test (Pearson correlation coefficient). Multivariate analysis was also carried using the multiple regression analysis which indicated the level of the relationship that existed between the independent variables and the dependent variable.
Results: Findings indicate that the credit collection practices have a significant positive effect on the financial performance of the manufacturing firms (p<0.05). This can be attributed to the fact that owners of manufacturing firms have the ability to control and manage credit through their experienced and skilled credit managers. In conclusion, credit collection practices positively and significantly affected the financial performance of the firms.
Unique contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study recommends that registered manufacturing firms operating in Kenya should adopt credit collection practices since it positively and significantly affects the financial performance. This can be achieved by setting techniques which are used to collect credit and this helps in reducing chances of credit defaults.
INTERNAL CONTROLS AND CREDIT RISK IN COMMERCIAL BANKS LISTED AT NAIROBI SECURITIES EXCHANGE, KENYA
Authors: Mwichigi Gabriel Njuguna , Atheru Gerald 
Published: September 2020

Purpose: The general objective of this research was to examine the internal controls and credit risk in commercial banks listed in Nairobi Securities Exchange, Kenya.
Methodology: The cross sectional descriptive research design was used since it helps in establishing the association between constructs at a given point in time. The study conducted a census of the 11 banks trading at the Kenya securities market since the target population was accessible and easily manageable. The target respondents were the risk managers, compliance and monitoring managers, internal auditors and credit managers of all these commercial banks, all located in Nairobi. Data was collected from primary sources; the data collection tool being a questionnaire which contained questions structured in a five-point Likert scale thus ensured that all the respondents got exactly the same questions. Descriptive and inferential statistics was applied for analysis of data using the SPSS software. The findings were demonstrated using graphs and tables.
Results: All the dimensions of internal controls studied, that is, the risk assessment, control environment, control activities and information and commutation were found to have a significant influence on credit risk of the banks.
Recommendations: There is need for the management, policy makers and all banking industry players of commercial banks to institute structures that promote devotion to integrity and ethical conducts, demonstrate authority and responsibility to enhance adequacy of banking activities. The banks’ board of directors and the administration team should implement oversight responsibilities, demonstrating commitment to competence and enforcing accountability. Further, adherence to the set policies should be followed in all the financial institutions to enhance realization of banks’ objectives. Further, the study recommends that every bank in Kenya should have proper quality control structures, effective audit programs and monitoring activities. Since the CBK regulates the commercial banks, it should ensure that every bank set correct internal checks guidelines and observes their sufficiency and usefulness. The study recommends that the credit policy and other guidelines be easily accessible to all lending officers; any updates or changes to the policy be communicated immediately so as to minimize credit risk exposed to the banks.
The object-specific flood damage database HOWAS 21
Authors: Kellermann Patric , Schröter Kai , Thieken Annegret H. , Haubrock Sören-Nils , Kreibich Heidi 
Published: September 2020

Abstract. The Flood Damage Database HOWAS 21 contains object-specific flood damage data resulting from fluvial, pluvial and groundwater flooding. The datasets incorporate various variables of flood hazard, exposure, vulnerability and direct tangible damage at properties from several economic sectors. The main purpose of development of HOWAS 21
was to support forensic flood analysis and the derivation of flood damage
models. HOWAS 21 was first developed for Germany and currently almost
exclusively contains datasets from Germany. However, its scope has recently
been enlarged with the aim to serve as an international flood damage
database; e.g. its web application is now available in German and English.
This paper presents the recent advancements of HOWAS 21 and highlights
exemplary analyses to demonstrate the use of HOWAS 21 flood damage data. The data applications indicate a large potential of the database for fostering a better understanding and estimation of the consequences of flooding.
Evaluating the Impact of the Long-S upon 18th-Century Encyclopedia Britannica Automatic Subject Metadata Generation Results
Authors: Grabus Sam 
Published: September 2020

This research compares automatic subject metadata generation when the pre-1800s Long-S character is corrected to a standard < s >. The test environment includes entries from the third edition of the Encyclopedia Britannica, and the HIVE automatic subject indexing tool. A comparative study of metadata generated before and after correction of the Long-S demonstrated an average of 26.51 percent potentially relevant terms per entry omitted from results if the Long-S is not corrected. Results confirm that correcting the Long-S increases the availability of terms that can be used for creating quality metadata records. A relationship is also demonstrated between shorter entries and an increase in omitted terms when the Long-S is not corrected.
Robert J. Coady’s The Soil and Marcel Duchamp’s Fountain: Taste, Nationalism, Capitalism, and New York Dada
Authors: Hubregtse Menno 
Published: September 2020

Cet article émet l’hypothèse que Marcel Duchamp aurait choisi Fontain comme readymade parce cet objet brocardait l’appel de Robert J. Coady en faveur de l’art américain indigène. Coady, qui voyait dans le paysage industriel américain en effervescence une véritable source d’inspiration pour l’art de son pays, a largement fait état de son programme nationaliste dans sa revue The Soil. Fountain, un urinoir en porcelaine présenté au Salon des indépendants en avril 1917, semble se moquer de cette glorification des objets industriels qui pousse Coady à voir en ceux-ci d’authentiques formes artistiques américaines. Dans le même esprit, plusieurs articles de la revue The Blind Man publiée par Duchamp, Henri-Pierre Roché et Béatrice Wood parodient les déclarations patriotiques émises par Coady dans sa revue The Soil. Le présent article explique également pourquoi Coady n’a pas fait partie du mouvement New York Dada. Il y a été associé par erreur parce qu’il critiquait ouvertement l’art moderne américain. Ses prises de position contrastaient cependant avec les traits typiques du mouvement Dada : la rébellion contre le capitalisme, le patriotisme et toutes les traditions et institutions établies du monde de l’art.
Into the Primeval Slime: Body and Self in Redon’s Evolutionary Universe
Authors: Lucy Martha 
Published: September 2020

Publié en 1883, l’album de lithographies Les Origines de Redon offre une vision fantastique et souvent cauchemardesque des origines de l’univers. Alors que cet album a souvent été étudié dans son rapport avec l’intérêt de Redon pour la science et l’évolution, cet article défend l’idée que Les Origines marquent un tournant historique crucial dans notre conception du corps et du moi et représentent de ce fait l’une des expressions les plus radicales et modernes de son époque. Tout au long de cet album, Redon attire notre attention sur le statut rétrogradé du corps sous la loi évolutionnaire : toujours entre deux catégories, toujours incomplet, le corps évolutionnaire est un corps désirant qui veut être, mais n’est jamais complètement.
Symbolism, Mediumship, and the “Study of the Soul that has Constituted Itself as a Positivist Science”
Authors: Morehead Allison 
Published: September 2020

Alors que la majorité des recherches sur la médium Hélène Smith s’intéresse à ses exploits linguistiques et à leur célébration dans les cercles surréalistes, cet article situe ses peintures réalisées en état de « transe » entre le surréalisme et le symbolisme et soutient que la créativité médiumnique a contribué à transformer la théorie symboliste en pratique visuelle. Vers la fin des années 1890, avant de faire l’objet de la fascination d’André Breton, Smith a « collaboré » avec le psychologue expérimental Théodore Flournoy qui fondait sa théorie de l’« imagination créative » sur les capacités extraordinaires de Smith. Lors de son étude du cas Smith, Flournoy a opéré entièrement à l’intérieur des paradigmes de la psychologie expérimentale française, qui a été institutionnalisée en France par le truchement d’une méthode pathologique. Les médiums et leurs phénomènes concomitants sont devenus des espaces critiques d’expérimentation, dans un esprit similaire à la triade tristement célèbre de sujets psychologiques—« les primitifs, les fous et les enfants »—préconisée par Théodule Ribot. Les phénomènes médiumniques dont fait partie la créativité inhabituelle étaient donc considérés comme une voie scientifique menant à la vérité sur la vie intérieure de l’être humain, en d’autres mots comme un moyen d’« objectiver le subjectif ». S’il n’est pas possible d’établir des liens directs entre l’oeuvre de Smith et celle d’artistes symbolistes comme les Nabis, les écrits de Jules Bois, en particulier son commentaire inspiré sur une « esthétique spiritiste », doivent se lire en lien avec la psychologie expérimentale française et la réévaluation par celle-ci du pathologique comme scientifiquement utile. Situer dans son contexte la place qu’occupait Hélène Smith à titre d’objet privilégié de la psychologie expérimentale française permet de jeter un éclairage sur les conditions intellectuelles requises pour que l’altérité devienne un espace d’investissement pour l’avant-garde.
A “Lost” Ivory Casket in the Gort Collection at the Winnipeg Art Gallery
Authors: Bugslag James 
Published: September 2020

Après avoir été longtemps oublié des chercheurs, un coffret d’ivoire provenant de la collection Gort de la Winnipeg Art Gallery, vient d’être identifié. Il s’agit d’un rare exemple d’un coffret de type « composite », décoré de diverses scènes romanesques et allégoriques, à avoir survécu dans son intégrité. Les doutes quant à son authenticité demeurent sans fondement. Des photographies du coffret de la collection Gort découvertes dans les archives du Victoria and Albert Museum permettent de mieux saisir le lieu d’origine du coffret et mettent en évidence l’assemblage très particulier des pièces d’ivoire qui reprend, dans ses principes, celui du coffret de la Châtelaine de Vergi du British Museum. Nous analysons l’iconographie des scènes décorant le coffret en regard de la réception de l’oeuvre et du processus d’adaptation des sources littéraires vers la sculpture en relief. De plus, nous démontrons que les particularités iconographiques et stylistiques de ce coffret reflètent une distanciation du milieu parisien qui jouait un rôle de premier plan dans la production d’ivoires profanes au XIVe siècle. Le coffret de la collection Gort serait en effet le fruit d’un atelier régional. Bien que nous ne puissions localiser de façon précise cet atelier, nous pouvons affirmer, en nous basant sur des affinités stylistiques et iconographiques, qu’il a aussi produit les ivoires de Niort et de Saint- Pétersbourg.
Art and the Gregorian Reform: Saints Peter and Clement in the Church of San Marco at Venice
Authors: Jessop Lesley 
Published: September 2020

Dans la basilique Saint-Marc, à Venise, des mosaïques illustrant des événements dans la vie de saint Pierre et de saint Clément ornent les murs nord et sud des choeurs, au niveau de la galerie. Des recherches académiques antérieures ont porté sur le style, l’iconographie et la relation des mosaïques aux cycles consacrés à saint Marc, situés dans les voûtes, mais quelques questions fondamentales demeurent. Pierre est le saint titulaire du choeur nord ; il est souvent jumelé à Paul, et l’on s’entend pour dire que les deux choeurs ont été conçus pour aller ensemble. Pourquoi, donc, le choeur sud a-t-il été consacré à Clément ? Et quels sont les critères qui ont régi la combinaison de scènes montrant l’arrestation et l’évasion de prison de Pierre dans la chapelle nord, et Clément en train de célébrer la messe, accompagné de la tentative de capture de Sisinnius au sud ? Pour répondre à ces questions, le présent essai interprète les mosaïques dans le contexte des activités politiques et ecclésiastiques des Vénitiens dans la première moitié du XIIe siècle. Nous en arrivons à la conclusion que les mosaïques sont le reflet d’un ensemble de préoccupations étroitement liées qui animaient alors les Vénitiens : leur intérêt pour la succession, l’influence du mouvement de la réforme grégorienne et la participation du doge Domenico Michiel (1118–29) à la croisade réussie du pape Calixte II (1119–24).