bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outage and ergodic sum‐rate performance of cooperative MIMO‐NOMA with imperfect CSI and SIC
Authors: Aldababsa Mahmoud , Kucur Oğuz 
Published: April 2020

SummaryIn this paper, we examine a half‐duplex cooperative multiple‐input multiple‐output non‐orthogonal multiple access system with imperfect channel state information (CSI) and successive interference cancelation. The base station (BS) and mobile users with multi‐antenna communicate by the assistance of a CSI based or fixed gain amplify‐and‐forward (AF) relay with a single antenna. The diversity schemes, transmit antenna selection, and maximal ratio combining are applied at the BS and mobile users, respectively. We study the system performance in terms of outage probability (OP) and ergodic sum‐rate. Accordingly, the exact OP expressions are first derived jointly for the CSI based and fixed gain AF relay cases in Nakagami‐m fading channels. Next, the corresponding lower and upper bound expressions of the OP are obtained. The high signal‐to‐noise ratio analyses are also carried out to demonstrate the error floor value resulted in the practical case and achievable diversity order and array gain in the ideal case. Moreover, the lower and upper bounds of the ergodic sum‐rate expressions are derived together for the CSI based and fixed gain AF relay cases. Finally, the Monte‐Carlo simulations are used to verify the correctness of the analytical results.
PRPS polymerization influences lens fiber organization in zebrafish
Authors: Begovich Kyle , Yelon Deborah , Wilhelm James E. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe self‐assembly of metabolic enzymes into filaments or foci highlights an intriguing mechanism for the regulation of metabolic activity. Recently, we identified the conserved polymerization of phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase (PRPS), which catalyzes the first step in purine nucleotide synthesis, in yeast and cultured mammalian cells. While previous work has revealed that loss of PRPS activity regulates retinal development in zebrafish, the extent to which PRPS filament formation affects tissue development remains unknown.ResultsBy generating novel alleles in the zebrafish PRPS paralogs, prps1a and prps1b, we gained new insight into the role of PRPS filaments during eye development. We found that mutations in prps1a alone are sufficient to generate abnormally small eyes along with defects in head size, pigmentation, and swim bladder inflation. Furthermore, a loss‐of‐function mutation that truncates the Prps1a protein resulted in the failure of PRPS filament assembly. Lastly, in mutants that fail to assemble PRPS filaments, we observed disorganization of the actin network in the lens fibers.ConclusionsThe truncation of Prps1a blocked PRPS filament formation and resulted in a disorganized lens fiber actin network. Altogether, these findings highlight a potential role for PRPS filaments during lens fiber organization in zebrafish.
Species specificity and intraspecific variation in the chemical profiles of Heliconius butterflies across a large geographic range
Authors: Darragh Kathy , Montejo‐Kovacevich Gabriela , Kozak Krzysztof M. , Morrison Colin R. , Figueiredo Clarisse M. E. , Ready Jonathan S. , Salazar Camilo , Linares Mauricio , Byers Kelsey J. R. P. , Merrill Richard M. , McMillan W. Owen , Schulz Stefan , Jiggins Chris D. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn many animals, mate choice is important for the maintenance of reproductive isolation between species. Traits important for mate choice and behavioral isolation are predicted to be under strong stabilizing selection within species; however, such traits can also exhibit variation at the population level driven by neutral and adaptive evolutionary processes. Here, we describe patterns of divergence among androconial and genital chemical profiles at inter‐ and intraspecific levels in mimetic Heliconius butterflies. Most variation in chemical bouquets was found between species, but there were also quantitative differences at the population level. We found a strong correlation between interspecific chemical and genetic divergence, but this correlation varied in intraspecific comparisons. We identified “indicator” compounds characteristic of particular species that included compounds already known to elicit a behavioral response, suggesting an approach for identification of candidate compounds for future behavioral studies in novel systems. Overall, the strong signal of species identity suggests a role for these compounds in species recognition, but with additional potentially neutral variation at the population level.
The evolution of extended parental care in glassfrogs: Do egg‐clutch phenotypes mediate coevolution between the sexes?
Authors: Delia Jesse , Bravo‐Valencia Laura , Warkentin Karen M. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMany animals improve offspring survival through parental care. Research on coevolution between parents has provided key insight into the genesis and maintenance of biparental care. However, understanding family dynamics more broadly requires assessing potential male–female coevolutionary processes in the more widespread and common context of uniparental care. Here, we explore how pre‐zygotic maternal contributions, jelly coats and oviposition sites, influence offspring dependency and change with the evolution of male‐only care in glassfrogs. Egg care appears ubiquitous among glassfrogs, with repeated evolutionary transitions from brief female‐only to extended male‐only care. Glassfrogs also exhibit a diversity of sex‐specific parental traits involving maternal egg‐jelly contributions, oviposition‐site choice, and egg‐attendance behaviors. We hypothesize these form functionally interchangeable suites of traits that mediate embryos' susceptibility to environmental risk. First, using parent‐removal field experiments, egg‐hydration assays, and comparative analyses, we found no evidence that evolutionary transitions in caring sex or care duration alter the adaptive functions or overall benefits of care (across eight species). Rather, the jelly contributions and oviposition‐site use associated with brief care influence embryo susceptibility to the same risks that are reduced by prolonged care. Next, we examined the diversity and evolutionary history of pre‐ and post‐zygotic parental traits, applying phylogenetic comparative methods to literature records and our field observations of 40 species (71 total, ~ 47 % of the family). Because pre‐zygotic maternal contributions determine embryo requirements, the evolution of male care might enable and/or compensate for reduced maternal contributions. Supporting this hypothesis, we found that the repeated evolution of complex male care is always associated with reductions in egg‐jelly and changes in oviposition sites. This phylogenetic pattern suggests that clutch phenotype might provide a general mechanism for the coevolution of parental investment in species with uniparental care. If different combinations of egg phenotypes and post‐zygotic care are ecologically equivalent, their interchangeability could allow parental traits to coevolve between the sexes without compromising offspring survival. Male‐only care is widespread in oviparous metazoans, occurring among annelids, molluscs, arthropods, fishes, and amphibians. Investigations of egg and clutch phenotypes offer new prospects for broadening research on the coevolutionary dynamics of parental care.
Critical transition of soil bacterial diversity and composition triggered by nitrogen enrichment
Authors: Liu Weixing , Jiang Lin , Yang Sen , Wang Zhou , Tian Rui , Peng Ziyang , Chen Yongliang , Zhang Xingxu , Kuang Jialiang , Ling Ning , Wang Shaopeng , Liu Lingli 
Published: April 2020

AbstractSoil bacterial communities are pivotal in regulating terrestrial biogeochemical cycles and ecosystem functions. The increase in global nitrogen (N) deposition has impacted various aspects of terrestrial ecosystems, but we still have a rudimentary understanding of whether there is a threshold for N input level beyond which soil bacterial communities will experience critical transitions. Using high‐throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene, we examined soil bacterial responses to a long‐term (13 yr), multi‐level, N addition experiment in a temperate steppe of northern China. We found that plant diversity decreased in a linear fashion with increasing N addition. However, bacterial diversity responded nonlinearly to N addition, such that it was unaffected by N input below 16 g N·m−2·yr−1, but decreased substantially when N input exceeded 32 g N·m−2·yr−1. A meta‐analysis across four N addition experiments in the same study region further confirmed this nonlinear response of bacterial diversity to N inputs. Substantial changes in soil bacterial community structure also occurred between N input levels of 16 to 32 g N·m−2·yr−1. Further analysis revealed that the loss of soil bacterial diversity was primarily attributed to the reduction in soil pH, whereas changes in soil bacterial community were driven by the combination of increased N availability, reduced soil pH, and changes in plant community structure. In addition, we found that N addition shifted bacterial communities toward more putatively copiotrophic taxa. Overall, our study identified a threshold of N input level for bacterial diversity and community composition. The nonlinear response of bacterial diversity to N input observed in our study indicates that although bacterial communities are resistant to low levels of N input, further increase in N input could trigger a critical transition, shifting bacterial communities to a low‐diversity state.
The social responsiveness scale is an efficient screening tool for autism spectrum disorder traits in adults with anorexia nervosa
Authors: Kerr‐Gaffney Jess , Harrison Amy , Tchanturia Kate 
Published: April 2020

AbstractObjectiveA significant proportion of individuals with anorexia nervosa (AN) show high levels of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) traits, a factor associated with poorer treatment outcomes. An important question for both researchers and clinicians relates to how ASD traits should be assessed in individuals with AN. This study aimed to examine scores on the Social Responsiveness Scale adult self‐report version (SRS‐2) in individuals in the acute (AN) and recovered stages (REC) of illness compared to healthy controls (HCs). We also aimed to examine associations between the SRS‐2 and an observational diagnostic measure, the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule ‐ second edition (ADOS‐2).MethodThe SRS‐2 and ADOS‐2 were administered to 142 adults with AN, REC, and HCs. Eating disorder (ED) psychopathology and functional impairment were also assessed.ResultsAN and REC scored significantly higher than HCs on the SRS‐2. SRS‐2 scores significantly predicted ADOS‐2 classification and were positively associated with ED psychopathology and functional impairment. SRS‐2 scores were not associated with BMI or illness duration.ConclusionsThe SRS‐2 may be a useful tool in screening for ASD traits in individuals with AN. Although cross‐sectional, the results also suggest ASD symptoms are independent of BMI and persist in individuals recovered from AN.
Serologic markers of Chlamydia trachomatis and other sexually transmitted infections and subsequent ovarian cancer risk: Results from the EPIC cohort
Authors: Idahl Annika , Le Cornet Charlotte , González Maldonado Sandra , Waterboer Tim , Bender Noemi , Tjønneland Anne , Hansen Louise , Boutron‐Ruault Marie‐Christine , Fournier Agnès , Kvaskoff Marina , Boeing Heiner , Trichopoulou Antonia , Valanou Elisavet , Peppa Eleni , Palli Domenico , Agnoli Claudia , Mattiello Amalia , Tumino Rosario , Sacerdote Carlotta , Onland‐Moret N. Charlotte , Gram Inger T. , Weiderpass Elisabete , Quirós Jose R. , Duell Eric J. , Sánchez Maria‐Jose , Chirlaque Maria‐Dolores , Barricarte Aurelio , Gil Leire , Brändstedt Jenny , Riesbeck Kristian , Lundin Eva , Khaw Kay‐Tee , Perez‐Cornago Aurora , Gunter Marc J. , Dossus Laure , Kaaks Rudolf , Fortner Renée T. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractA substantial proportion of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) arises in the fallopian tube and other epithelia of the upper genital tract; these epithelia may incur damage and neoplastic transformation after sexually transmitted infections (STI) and pelvic inflammatory disease. We investigated the hypothesis that past STI infection, particularly Chlamydia trachomatis, is associated with higher EOC risk in a nested case‐control study within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort including 791 cases and 1669 matched controls. Serum antibodies against C. trachomatis, Mycoplasma genitalium, herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV‐2) and human papillomavirus (HPV) 16, 18 and 45 were assessed using multiplex fluorescent bead‐based serology. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) comparing women with positive vs. negative serology. A total of 40% of the study population was seropositive to at least one STI. Positive serology to C. trachomatis Pgp3 antibodies was not associated with EOC risk overall, but with higher risk of the mucinous histotype (RR = 2.30 [95% CI = 1.22‐4.32]). Positive serology for chlamydia heat shock protein 60 (cHSP60‐1) was associated with higher risk of EOC overall (1.36 [1.13‐1.64]) and with the serous subtype (1.44 [1.12‐1.85]). None of the other evaluated STIs were associated with EOC risk overall; however, HSV‐2 was associated with higher risk of endometrioid EOC (2.35 [1.24‐4.43]). The findings of our study suggest a potential role of C. trachomatis in the carcinogenesis of serous and mucinous EOC, while HSV‐2 might promote the development of endometrioid disease.
Age‐ and Sex‐Specific Reference Values for Atrial and Ventricular Structures in the Validated Normal Chinese Population: A Comprehensive Measurement by Cardiac MRI
Authors: Zhuang Baiyan , Li Shuang , Xu Jing , Zhou Di , Yin Gang , Zhao Shihua , Lu Minjie 
Published: April 2020

BackgroundLeft and right cardiac structures have been shown to provide important prognostic information in patients with various cardiac disorders. They have always been important biomarkers in patients with heart failure and are crucial in the judgment of a variety of heart diseases.PurposeTo provide age‐ and sex‐specific reference values of the normal cardiac structure of Chinese adults.Study TypeProspective study.PopulationIn all, 200 healthy adult volunteers with 20 men and 20 women in each of five age deciles from 20 to 70 years.Field Strength3.0T, steady‐state free precession (SSFP), turbo spin‐echo (TSE) sequence.AssessmentThe reference range of cardiac structure values was normalized to age, gender, and body surface area (BSA). The height, weight, blood pressure, and body mass index were measured as well.Statistic TestsKolmogorov–Smirnov's, independent‐sample t‐tests, one‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Pearson's coefficient, and linear regression.ResultsThe normalized left atrial (LA) transverse diameter (two‐chamber view) at end‐systolic, and left ventricular outflow tract diameter (LVOT) were significantly larger in females compared to males (all P < 0.001), while LA volume at end‐systole was found higher in males (males: 36.25 ± 10.03 mL vs. females: 32.78 ± 10.27 mL). With increasing age, there was a weak but significant decrease in normalized LA transverse diameter (two‐chamber view) at end‐ systolic (r = −0.25, P < 0.001). The normalized RA volume at end‐systole and RVOT diameter showed significant decrease with advancing age (r = −0.22, P = 0.002; r = −0.34, P < 0.001). The indexed left and right ventricular volumes were mostly smaller with advancing age. The LA longitudinal parameters correlated significantly with LA area measured in the two‐chamber view at end‐systole (r = 0.78, P < 0.001).Data ConclusionReference values for the morphological parameters of the intracardiac structure by sex and age distribution are provided in a Chinese population.Level of Evidence2Technical EfficacyStage 5 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;52:1031–1043.
The impact of knowledge management on urban governance: A study in Tabriz, Iran
Authors: Firoozi Mohammad A. , Rostaei Shahrivar , Kamelifar Mohammad J. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractRecent management studies have shown that knowledge management plays an imperative role in the efficacy of organizations. In the present article, the effect of knowledge management on urban governance in Tabriz city was examined employing a structural equation model. The required data was collected by survey via two base questionnaires (for knowledge management and urban governance). The participants were 130 experts including faculty members in different relevant fields as well as employees of municipality. Findings showed that knowledge management imposes a positive and significant effect on urban governance. Additionally, the strongest relationship among the studied variables was found between knowledge management and participation (β= .594,p= .000). Finally, the results suggested that extension of knowledge management through municipalities could tremendously promote their efficacy by influencing urban governance indices.
Surrounding Interactions on Phase Transition Temperature Promoted by Organometallic Complexes in Functionalized Poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide‐co‐dopamine methacrylamide) Copolymers
Authors: Wang Yu , García‐Peñas Alberto , Gómez‐Ruiz Santiago , Stadler Florian J. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe functionalization of different structures with organometallic complexes provides exciting properties in terms of applicability due to its ability to provide multiple benefits for catalysis and biomedicine as well as in other fields. This work reports the direct, facile functionalization of copolymers based onN‐isopropylacrylamide and dopamine methacrylamide with bis(cyclopentadienyl)titanium (IV) dichloride (Cp2TiCl2, Cp = η5‐C5H5), which can offer an easy preparation method in comparison with other functionalization procedures. In addition, the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) is studied through aqueous solutions of new structures, which is affected by the presence of the metallocene moieties. UV–vis spectroscopy shows an average of the LCST‐behavior in comparison with rheology that provides essential information about the changes of the phase transition temperature associated with the composition of the polymeric chains and their interactions with the medium. Then, the inclusion of an organometallic complex along the polymeric chain can partially modify the phase transition temperature due to the interactions promoted by the organometallic complex of surroundings over the polymeric sections free of comonomer content.
Eight‐node conforming straight‐side quadrilateral element with high‐order completeness (QH8‐C1)
Authors: Zhang Guoxiang , Xiang Junyu 
Published: April 2020

SummaryA new eight‐node conforming quadrilateral element with high‐order completeness, denoted as QH8‐C1, is proposed in this article. First, expressions for the interpolation displacement function satisfying the requirements for high‐order completeness in the global coordinate system are constructed. Second, the displacement function expression in global coordinates is transformed into isoparametric coordinates, and the relationships between the two series of coefficients for the two kinds of displacement function expressions are found. Third, the displacement function expression is modified to satisfy the requirements of nodal freedom and interelement boundary continuity. The key to the new element construction is the derivation of the linear relationship expressions among 12 coefficients of element displacement interpolation polynomials in the global and isoparametric coordinate systems. As a result, the relationship between quadratic completeness and interelement continuity is explicitly given, and a proof of the completeness and the continuity was conducted to theoretically guarantee the validity of the derivation results. Furthermore, in order to verify the correctness of the theoretical work, nine numerical examples were performed. The computation results from these examples demonstrate that QH8‐C1 exhibited excellent performance, including high simulation accuracy, fast convergence, insensitivity to mesh distortion, and monotonic convergence.
Influence of surface modified graphene oxide on the mechanical performance and curing kinetics of epoxy resin
Authors: Li Lu , Liao Xia , Sheng Xingyue , Liu Pan , Hao Zengheng , He Leilei , Qin Geng 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn this study, the hyperbranched polyester were successfully grafted onto graphene oxide (GO). The mechanical performance and curing kinetics of epoxy resin (EP), EP/ graphene oxide (EP/GO), and EP/ hyperbranched polyester grafted GO (EP/GO‐B) were investigated by means of mechanical tests and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Results revealed that the presence of GO lowered the cure temperature and accelerated the curing of EP, and the addition of GO‐B exhibited a stronger effect in accelerating the cure of EP compared with GO. Activation energies were calculated using Kissinger approach, and Ozawa approach, respectively. Results revealed lowered activation energy after the addition of GO or GO‐B at low degrees of cure, indicating that GO had a large effect on the curing reaction. The presence of GO facilitated the curing reaction, especially the initial epoxy‐amine reaction. Moreover, GO‐B exhibited better performance. Related mechanism was proposed.
Statistical distribution of mechanical properties and energy absorption of laminated cotton fabric reinforced epoxy composites
Authors: Shao Bo , Fang Yiqun , Chen Bo , Shen Jing , Xu Shihua , Ou Rongxian , Wang Qingwen 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn this work, the statistical distribution of mechanical properties and energy absorption at break of laminated cotton fabric reinforced epoxy composites was determined. The static mechanical tests showed that the cotton fabric significantly influenced the mechanical performance of epoxy resin, where tensile strength, tensile modulus, tensile elongation at break, flexural modulus, and impact strength increased significantly, while flexural strength decreased. The energy absorption behaviors in the tensile tests were investigated, where more energy at tensile break was absorbed when cotton fabric was incorporated, as shown by the 684% to 2707% increase. The similar increases were observed in the flexural and impact tests, which were 92% to 355% and 309% to 833%, in different directions, respectively. The statistical distribution patterns of the mechanical properties parameters in variously direction of cotton fabric reinforced laminate were mapped. The results showed the distribution patterns of tensile modulus, flexural modulus, tensile strength, flexural strength, and energy absorption before maximum stress in the flexural test correlated with fiber angle in the laminate, while the distribution patterns of tensile elongation, impact strength, and energy absorption in the flexural and tensile tests agreed well with distribution of fiber content in the test cross section. With the incorporation of cotton fabric, the breakage behavior of epoxy transitioned from brittle fracture to toughened fracture as shown in distribution patterns of fracture energy absorption. The viscoelastic properties of the cotton fiber‐reinforced laminates were investigated via DMA. The cotton fiber‐reinforced laminates possessed higher transition temperatures, the storage modulus (E') and loss modulus (E"), compared to epoxy.