bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
At the juncture between evidentiality and argumentation
Authors: Miecznikowski Johanna 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe contribution discusses the theoretical problem of the relationship between evidentiality and argumentative justification. Within a framework that combines semantic and syntactic analysis with a topics-based approach to argument schemes, it is argued that the functional domains of information source and argumentation overlap in utterances in which the former is linguistically marked, rather than entailed or implicated: explicit linguistic evidential marking is a special case of argumentation. The connection between a proposition and its source gives rise to a class of arguments from a reliable procedure that are similar to arguments from authority. When the indicated source is an inferential procedure (rather than direct experience or hearsay), the evidential argument may be combined with additional arguments that lay out part of that procedure. The particular case of inferential sources is illustrated by means of an analysis of weakly grammaticalized constructions in Italian, based on verbs of thought, communication and perception that relate a propositional complement to a subject NP or tosource/placecomplements of the verb. The analysis shows that such further complements can either refine the categorization of the inferential source signalled by the verb, thereby contributing to the main argument from a reliable procedure, or express a premise that allows the hearer to reconstruct the internal structure of the procedure.
The Argument and the Honey Pot
Authors: Maillat Didier 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
This paper proposes to harness the linguistic theory that looks at the construction of meaning in context – i.e.,
pragmatics – to investigate the contextual effects bearing on the interpretation of arguments in manipulative seduction contexts.
Adopting a cognitively grounded relevance-theoretic approach, I will show that deceptive seduction is used primarily to strengthen
the hearer’s perception of the seducer, thereby strengthening the standpoints and arguments s/he puts forward. In that sense, it
will be argued, seductive moves function like contextual constraints on the interpretative processes. Exploring further the
cognitive grounding of human interpretative processes, I will claim that many seductive manipulations rely on the
halo effect – the cognitive bias whereby a positive trait (e.g., attractiveness) tends to spill over other
personality traits (e.g., competence) – to create a contextual environment that will boost argument evaluation.
Homorganic Cluster Lengthening, Pre-Cluster Shortening and Preference-based change in Early English
Authors: Kruger William W. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
This paper discusses the processes of Homorganic Cluster Lengthening (HCL) and Pre-Cluster Shortening (PCS)
occurring in the late Old English and Early Middle English periods. These processes are responsible, respectively, for
vowel-lengthening before voiced homorganic consonant clusters (OE bindan, feld, hund > LOE/EME
bīnd, fēld, hūnd) and vowel shortening before other clusters (OE cēpte, fīfta, brōhte >
ME kepte, fifte, brohte). This paper builds on reassessments of data by Minkova (2014) to contribute an account of HCL within the system of “preference laws” articulated by Vennemann (1988). This account attributes the motivation for HCL to preferences for
syllable-internal transitions between nucleus and coda in order to explain the fine details of HCL; namely, the fact that HCL
applies with higher frequency to high vowels followed nasals than to low/mid vowels and in a sporadic manner to front vowels
followed by /l/ compared to back vowels. These differences are attributed to the application of the Coda and Nucleus Laws (Vennemann 1988: 25, 42), with additional proposals about the effect of velarization of
/l/ in Old English, with comparison to PCS providing important context throughout.
Video remote interpreting in university settings
Authors: Greco Margherita 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The motivation for the project was the necessity of finding solutions to situations characterized by
difficulty in communication, such as trading between different countries, immigrants unable to speak the
language, or between hearing and deaf people who use sign language. These and other cases can be solved thanks to interpreting services. Yet because of educational commitments of
professionals, organizational time, budget, and locations, it is not always possible to avail of an on-site interpreter. In this
context, technology offers a solution through remote interpretation.
The present draws inspiration from the research project “VEASYT Live! for conference: linguistic and technological solutions for the supply of video remote interpreting services in conference settings”.
The work was financed by the European Social Fund and took place between 2016 and 2017 in the Linguistic and Cultural
Compared Studies Department of Ca’ Foscari University of Venice in partnership with VEASYT srl, a company that developed a video remote interpreting (VRI) service
in both vocal languages and Italian Sign Language. The aim of the research is to develop VRI for conference
situations such as seminars, conferences and academic lectures.
Understanding placebo and nocebo effects in the context of sport: A psychological perspective
Authors: Raglin John , Szabo Attila , Lindheimer Jacob B. , Beedie Chris 
Published: February 2020

AbstractResearch over the past 15 years on the placebo effect has substantiated its contribution to the efficacy of established treatments for a range of clinical conditions and identified its underlying mechanisms. There is also evidence that placebo effects contribute to the performance benefits of many ergogenic aids, and that performance can worsen when dummy treatments are associated with expectations of a harmful outcome (i.e. nocebo effect). Unfortunately, the bulk of sport research involving placebos and nocebos continues to be hampered by outdated definitions and conceptualizations of placebo effects and their mechanisms. This has implications not only for research but also application, as nearly 50% of athletes report experiencing a beneficial placebo effect, and a similar proportion of coaches report providing placebos to their athletes. The objective of this paper is to attempt to stimulate research by presenting updated definitions of placebo and nocebo effects in the context of sport, describing their major mechanisms and, highlighting the importance of the psychosocial context on placebo effects in the sport setting.
3D Geological and Isothermal Model of Geothermal Field Based on the Integration of Geoscience and Well Data
Authors: Ponggohong Claudio R.I. , Suryantini  , Angga B. Pratama 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The Conceptual Model in The Geothermal Field can illustrate subsurface conditions. A conceptual model is usually made in 2D however, the 2D model is generally limited to providing subsurface images, overcoming these limitations it is very important to use a 3D approach to improve understanding of subsurface conditions. 3D modeling needs to incorporate the integration of Geology, Geochemistry, Geophysics and Well Data studies. Visualization of the 3D model in this study was made using Leapfrog Geothermal software. The data used is data from the literature that has been previously published. The 3D model can provide a clearer picture of structural geometry and is effective in understanding geological features in Geothermal fields. 3D modeling can reduce uncertainty in drawing subsurface conditions, especially the geometry of Geothermal system components. The 3D model is also useful as a guide for determining make-up well in the future. More data is obtained, better models can be made. This model can be used as a guide in developing Geothermal fields in the future.
Thermal compression, processing maps and microstructural evolution of as-cast Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zr alloy with long period stacking ordered phase
Authors: Xue Zhiyong , Luo Wenbo , Zhao Zhi , Ren Yu 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Thermal deformation of Mg-7.5Gd-2.5Y-1.5Zn-0.5Zr (wt%) as-cast alloy containing LPSO phase was been studied in a temperature range from 623 K to 723 K and a strain rate range from 0.001 to 1 s−1. The microstructural evolution at the various strain rates was also analyzed. The results show that the flow stress decreases significantly with the increase of the deformation temperature. But the peak flow stresses of the alloy increase significantly at high deformation temperature, due to existing both the plentiful lamellar LPSO phase and the fine dynamic DRXed grains. Under the high strain rate conditions, the LPSO phase distorted and formed kink bands. The deformational activation energy (Q) of the alloy is about 234.6 kJ·mol−1. This high Q value mainly owe to profuse lamellar LPSO phase hindering the movement of atoms. With the observation of established processing map of the alloy, some good thermal workabilities are observed in following zones: 723 K, 0.001 < ε < 1 s−1; and the zone with middle temperature and moderate strain rate condition, 673 K, 0.01 < ε < 0.1 s−1. The thermal deformation instability zones are mainly located in the region with high strain rate and lower temperature.
Effect of copper on microstructure, recrystallization and precipitation kinetics in strip cast low carbon steel
Authors: Sellamuthu Prabhukumar , Hodgson Peter , Stanford Nicole 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Strip cast samples with different copper content have been developed by simulated direct strip casting. The as-cast microstructures were characterized by optical microscopy and electron microscopy. The microstructures mainly consisted of polygonal ferrite and Widmanstatten ferrite in as cast condition. X-ray diffraction showed that the copper was in solid solution in the as-cast condition. It was found that the equivalent tensile yield and maximum strengths, both increased with an increase in copper content. The strip cast samples were cold rolled to 70% reduction and then annealed isothermally at 600, 650 and 700 °C for various times to study the recrystallization and precipitation kinetics. After annealing, the hardness and strength were found to be decreased due to recovery and recrystallization. It was found that an increase in copper content retarded the recrystallization kinetics. During annealing, precipitation of copper was observed. The copper precipitates were bimodal with respect to particle size and distribution. The size and spacing of the particles were measured and the Zener pinning effect of the particles was calculated. High pinning forces of more than 2 MPa were predicted, and this correlated well with the observed decrease in recrystallization kinetics.
Study to elucidate effect of titanium dioxide nanoparticles on bacterial membrane potential and membrane permeability
Authors: Khater Maya S , Kulkarni Gauri R , Khater Sagar S , Gholap Haribhau , Patil Rajendra 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The interaction of metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) with cells and lipid bilayers is precarious in various fields such as antibacterial and drug or gene delivery. These require a strong control over NPs–cell interactions, an understanding of how the NPs surface impact their interaction with lipid bilayers and cells. Therefore, to elucidate Titanium dioxide (TiO2) NPs of size 8–10 nm and 90–100 nm and their interaction with lipid bilayer of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, we studied membrane potential, membrane permeability. Results of the traditional method of checking antibacterial activity - minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was co-related with change in membrane potential and membrane permeability. TiO2 NPs 8–10 nm have profound action on depolarization of membrane potential of E. coli cells, while of S. aureus were not affected. TiO2 NPs 90–100 nm have very less effect on membrane potential and permeability of both organisms. It is observed that there exists a strong co-relation between antibacterial activity of the TiO2 NPs and change in the membrane potential and membrane permeability. These observations are also supported by membrane leakage test by estimation of protein, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and potassium ion (K+) ion content.
An estimate of the Hopf degree of fractional Sobolev mappings
Authors: Schikorra Armin , Van Schaftingen Jean 
Published: February 2020

We estimate the Hopf degree for smooth maps

f
f

from

S

4
n
−
1

\mathbb {S}^{4n-1}

to

S

2
n

\mathbb {S}^{2n}

in the fractional Sobolev space. Namely we show that for

s
∈
[
1
−

1

4
n

,
1
]

s \in [1 - \frac {1}{4n}, 1]

|

deg
H

⁡
(
f
)
|

≲
[
f

]

W

s
,

4
n
−
1

s

4
n

s

.

\begin{equation*} \left |\deg _H(f)\right | \lesssim [f]_{W^{s,\frac {4n-1}{s}}}^{\frac {4n}{s}}. \end{equation*}

Our argument is based on the Whitehead integral formula and commutator estimates for Jacobian-type expressions.
Discrepant Hemophilia A: An Underdiagnosed Disease Entity
Authors: Al-Huniti Ahmad , Sharathkumar Anjali , Krantz Michelle , Watkinson Karla , Bhagavathi Sharathkumar 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Objectives
The term discrepant hemophilia A (DHA) denotes the discrepancy between factor VIII activity (FVIII:C) measured by different assay methodologies in patients with nonsevere hemophilia A (HA). The objective was to review the characteristics and the current understanding of mechanisms contributing to assay discrepancy in DHA.

Methods
Characteristics of the DHA patients treated were examined by retrospective chart review. In addition, a literature review was performed to determine the current understanding of DHA.

Results
Three cases of DHA were diagnosed based on bleeding phenotype: 2 cases represented missed diagnoses of HA, and 1 represented misclassification of hemophilia severity. The revised diagnosis and classification of hemophilia directly affected clinical management. Review of the literature identified 18 articles with an estimated pooled prevalence of 36% (95% CI, 23%-56%; I2 = 85%; P &lt; .01) among nonsevere HA. Furthermore, literature indicated that DHA is a feature of how different FVIII gene mutations affect FVIII:C activity within different assay methodologies.

Conclusions
Our experience and literature review suggested that DHA is not only a laboratory phenomenon—it can affect clinical management in a subset of patients. A high index of suspicion for DHA is necessary while evaluating bleeding patients and/or classifying nonsevere HA.
Impact of Prehypertension on the Risk of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in a Chinese Rural Cohort
Authors: Duan Weili , Wu Jiake , Liu Sitong , Jiao Yundi , Zheng Liqiang , Sun Yingxian , Sun Zhaoqing 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe study was performed to investigate the impact of prehypertension defined by the Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC7) on the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in a Chinese rural cohort.MethodsThe epidemiological prospective cohort study included 38,765 participants aged ≥35 years followed for a median of 12.5 years—divided into normal BP (n = 7,366), prehypertension (n = 18,095), and hypertension groups (n = 13,304)—were enrolled for the final analysis. Follow-up for MACE including cardiovascular disease (CVD) death, stroke and myocardial infarction (MI) was conducted. Adjusted Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).ResultsThe age and sex-adjusted incidence of MACE and its subtypes rose progressively with elevation of BP levels (P &lt; 0.001). After adjusting multivariable Cox proportional hazards, significant increases were observed from the prehypertensive group for incident MACE (HR = 1.337, 95% CI: 1.186–1.508, P &lt; 0.001), CVD mortality (HR = 1.331, 95% CI: 1.109–1.597, P = 0.002), and stroke (HR = 1.424, 95% CI：1.237–1.639, P &lt; 0.001) but not MI (P &gt; 0.05) compared with normal BP.ConclusionPrehypertensive individuals had a greater risk of incident MACE, CVD mortality, and stroke, implying that improvements in BP monitoring and early intervention in individuals with prehypertension in rural China are urgently needed.
Subfascial Breast Augmentation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Capsular Contracture
Authors: Gould Daniel J , Shauly Orr , Ohanissian Levonti , Stevens W Grant 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Background
Subfascial breast augmentation is a technique originally developed to reduce the risks of capsular contracture while decreasing the postoperative pain associated with subpectoral augmentation. It was pioneered in Brazil by Dr. Graf and others, and recently this technique has gained interest in the aesthetic world.

Objectives
The goal of this study was to provide a systematic analysis of subfascial breast augmentation to assess the combined reported rates of capsular contracture, animation deformity and complications.

Methods
The PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched for the use of the subfascial plane for breast augmentation. We included studies that reported on capsular contracture and other outcomes following subfascial breast augmentation.

Results
Through the initial search, 26 articles were identified. Of which, 22 were included in the final study. A total of 3743 patients were identified across these studies with a total number of 38 cases of capsular contracture representing a rate of 1.01% of capsular contracture. Several articles reported on demographics, perioperative and long-term complications, and outcomes with regards to the aesthetic outcome from the surgeon’s perspective. Several infections were reported representing a rate of 0.1%. Animation deformity was not reported, although rippling was occasionally reported as was malrotation, axillary banding, sensory deficit, and asymmetry. Subfascial breast augmentation appears to have a low complication rate and an extremely low rate of capsular contracture at approximately 1%.

Conclusions
Subfascial breast augmentation may provide the benefits of low rates of capsular contracture while avoiding the discomfort and future animation deformity of subpectoral augmentation.

Level of Evidence: 4
SurfaceGenie: a web-based application for prioritizing cell-type-specific marker candidates
Authors: Waas Matthew , Snarrenberg Shana T , Littrell Jack , Jones Lipinski Rachel A , Hansen Polly A , Corbett John A , Gundry Rebekah L 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Motivation
Cell-type-specific surface proteins can be exploited as valuable markers for a range of applications including immunophenotyping live cells, targeted drug delivery and in vivo imaging. Despite their utility and relevance, the unique combination of molecules present at the cell surface are not yet described for most cell types. A significant challenge in analyzing ‘omic’ discovery datasets is the selection of candidate markers that are most applicable for downstream applications.

Results
Here, we developed GenieScore, a prioritization metric that integrates a consensus-based prediction of cell surface localization with user-input data to rank-order candidate cell-type-specific surface markers. In this report, we demonstrate the utility of GenieScore for analyzing human and rodent data from proteomic and transcriptomic experiments in the areas of cancer, stem cell and islet biology. We also demonstrate that permutations of GenieScore, termed IsoGenieScore and OmniGenieScore, can efficiently prioritize co-expressed and intracellular cell-type-specific markers, respectively.

Availability and implementation
Calculation of GenieScores and lookup of SPC scores is made freely accessible via the SurfaceGenie web application: www.cellsurfer.net/surfacegenie.

Contact
Rebekah.gundry@unmc.edu

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Donor Graft Cytomegalovirus Serostatus and the Risk of Arterial and Venous Thrombotic Events in Seronegative Recipients After Non-Thoracic Solid Organ Transplantation
Authors: Belga Sara , MacDonald Clayton , Chiang Diana , Kabbani Dima , Shojai Soroush , Abraldes Juan G , Cervera Carlos 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Background
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most common opportunistic pathogen, following solid organ transplantation (SOT), that leads to direct and indirect effects. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of CMV exposure at transplantation on the rate of posttransplant thrombotic events (TEs).

Methods
We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients transplanted at the University of Alberta Hospital between July 2005 and January 2018. We included adult SOT CMV-seronegative recipients at transplantation who received an allograft from either a seropositive donor (D+/R-) or a seronegative donor (D-/R-).

Results
A total of 392 SOT recipients were included: 151 (39%) liver, 188 (48%) kidney, 45 (11%) pancreas, and 8 (2%) other transplants. The mean age was 47 years, 297 (76%) were males, and 181 (46%) had a CMV D+/R- donor. Patients in the CMV D+/R- cohort were slightly older (51 years versus 48 years in the D-/R- cohort; P = .036), while other variables, including cardiovascular risk factors and pretransplant TEs, were not different between groups. Overall, TEs occurred in 35 (19%) patients in the CMV D+/R- group, versus 21 (10%) in the CMV D-/R- group, at 5 years of follow-up (P = .008); the incidence rates per 100 transplant months were 5.12 and 1.02 in the CMV D+/R- and CMV D-/R- groups, respectively (P = .003). After adjusting for potential confounders with a Cox regression model, a CMV D+/R- transplantation was independently associated with an increased risk of a TE over 5 years (adjusted hazard ratio, 3.027; 95% confidence interval, 1.669–5.488).

Conclusions
A CMV D+/R- transplantation is associated with an increased risk of a TE posttransplantation.
History and background of protoporphyrin testing.
Authors: Labbé R F 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Lead intoxication was first associated with increased coproporphyrin excretion almost 100 years ago; but not until the 1930's were abnormalities in blood protoporphyrin detected. These later findings have been interpreted as an inhibition by lead of iron incorporation into protoporphyrin during heme synthesis. The testing and application of this hypothesis had to await three more decades of research during which prophyrin/heme biosynthesis was elucidated, control of the pathway was intensively studied, and methodology was greatly improved. The heme biosynthetic pathway is uniquely affected by lead at several sites. These toxic effects can be manifested as increased coproporphyrin and delta-aminolevulinate excretion, decreased erythrocyte delta-aminolaevulinate dehydratase activity, and increased erythrocyte protoporphyrin concentration, all of which have been used and promoted as diagnostic tests for lead intoxication. Among these, the last appears to be becoming the test of choice. The historical background of this development is discussed from a biochemical viewpoint.
Determination of urinary placental estriol by reversed-phase liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection.
Authors: Taylor J T , Knotts J G , Schmidt G J 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
We describe a liquid-chromatographic procedure for determining urinary estriol concentrations. The urine sample, after enzymatic hydrolysis to free the conjugated estrogen, is extracted with ether, and an aliquot of the resulting extraction residue is injected into the liquid chromatograph. Sample components are separated with a reversed-phase C18 column and isocratic elution with an acetonitrile/water mobile phase. Using a far-ultraviolet excitation wavelength, we measure the natural fluorescence of the eluted estrogen with a fluorescence detector. The procedure provides excellent sensitivity for determing near-term pregnancy concentrations of urinary estriol. The selectivity of the method limits the effect of potentially interfering compounds.