bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamics and control of space debris during its contactless ion beam assisted removal
Authors: Aslanov V.S. , Ledkov A.S. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The space debris removal is one of the most important challenges of astronautics. The creation of contactless transportation systems based on the ion beam is a promising direction for solving this problem. The orientation of the debris object in the ion beam has a great influence on the magnitude and direction of the force transmitted by this beam. The aims of the work are to study the attitude dynamics of space debris during its transportation by ion beam, to search angular motion modes, which are most favourable from the point of view of the force transmission efficiency by the ion beam, and to develop the engine thrust control law that ensures the transfer of the object to these motion modes. A mathematical model describing the space debris motion under the influence of gravitational, and ion beam forces and torques is developed. An analysis of the cylindrical space debris object’s undisturbed attitude motion is carried out, and the most favourable orientation of space debris is determined. Control law for transferring the space debris in the required angular motion mode by a change in the thrust of the ion engine are considered. Numerical simulation confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed control law.
About influence of some parameters of mechanism of planetary type for change in its potential energy
Authors: Bondarenko N I , Obnosov K B , Panshina A V 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The article considers a mechanism located in a uniform field of gravity and consisting of a carrier, load, counterweight and satellite, counterweight and satellite rolling without slipping on a fixed cylindrical surface. The positions of the stable and unstable equilibrium of the mechanism are determined using the nonlinear function of potential energy. The features of changing the function of potential energy are revealed depending on the characteristics of the mechanism, including whether the radius of the satellite is rational, irrational, or transcendental.
Numerical analysis of the influence of the front heat shield separation process from the descent module on their aerodynamic characteristics
Authors: Kalugin V.T. , Lutsenko A.Yu. , Slobodyanuk D.M. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This paper considers aerodynamic characteristics of the descent module and the separable front heat shield (FHS) during its separation. FlowVision software was used to perform a numerical analysis of the flow around the front heat shield and descent module. The calculations were performed using dynamic and static meshes. The trajectory of the front heat shield after separation was calculated using dynamic mesh. The aerodynamic characteristics of the frontal heat shield in several positions on calculated trajectory were determined using static mesh. The results of the calculations using different kind of grids are compared.
On the implicit equations of a mechanical systems motion
Authors: Lapshin V V 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
It is shown that the forces acting on the points of the mechanical system may depend on their accelerations. The differential equations of a mechanical system motion prove to be implicit. It is not allowed with respect to higher derivatives. There are fundamental mathematical problems related to the possibility and the only solution of these equations with respect to higher derivatives. Implicit equations of motion are typical for mechanical systems with dry friction sliding and rolling. In the dynamics of material point such problems do not arise. But in more complex mechanical systems, including the study of the motion of a solid whole mass is concentrated at one point, as well as in systems with one degree of freedom, such a situation is very characteristic. The paper discusses four fairly simple examples of mechanical systems movement, which is described by implicit differential equations of motion.
Construction of a programmed trajectory in the configuration space of rotations for solving the problem of the solid rotation
Authors: Mityushov E.A. , Misyura N.E. , Lamotkin A.E. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The paper proposes method of programmed control based on the concept of solving the inverse dynamic problem. As a configurational space of rotations, it is proposed to consider a sphere with a radius of 2
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in the three-dimensional Euclidean space, which is the image of the unit Sp(1) quaternions. A linear relationship has been established between the angular velocity vector of a solid in its spherical motion and the velocity of a point in a sphere allowing to relate the rotation of a solid to the motion of a point inside a three-dimensional sphere. This approach allows to clearly interpret the spherical motion of a solid by the movement of a point inside this sphere, which is used by the authors to describe the rotation of a solid at arbitrary given boundary conditions for angular positions, velocities and accelerations. An example of a smooth turn from one position to another in the case when the turn is set in the sphere in the form of a polynomial of the fifth degree is given.
Research of the structure and properties of cermets based on nickel and aluminum oxide
Authors: Agureev L E , Kostikov V I , Savushkina S V , Eremeeva Zh V , Laptev I N , Ivanov A V , Ashmarin A A , Kanushkin A I , Ivanov B S 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In this work, the production of cermets in the system of nickel-aluminum alloy – aluminum oxide by the method of mechanical activation and spark plasma sintering was carried out. The analysis of the features of the microstructure of composites, phase analysis at room and elevated temperatures, as well as the dependence of the flexural strength on the temperature and composition of cermets are presented.
The influence of impact interaction of high entropy fluences of gas-metal plasma on formation of the properties of the surface layer of metal construction materials
Authors: Petrov L M , Grigorovitch K V , Sprygin G S , Zelenkov V V , Smirnova A N , Semenov V D 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The conditions of surface layer properties formation for 40X steel samples at technological impact interactions of gas-metal plasma flows are considered. The special features of interaction of plasma flow elemental composition interaction with elemental composition of the substrate during the ion-plasma treatment as a function of reference voltage was studied. The influence of this interaction on formation of physic-chemical, mechanical and energy properties was investigated.
Production of permanent vacuum-tight connections: copper–aluminum, copper-titanium by diffusion welding for use in microwave electro–vacuum device nodes
Authors: Smirnov V A , Tsybert A O , Parmenov A A , Simonov K G , Vashin S A , Chistova A A , Tsybert A V , Fedotova O V , Klyuchnikov N A , Oselkov D A , Smirnov A V 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The aim of this work is obtaining vacuum-tight CuTi and CuAl connections used for the manufacture of components applied in microwave electro-vacuum devices, for example as electron beam output windows for soldered electron guns.
Distinctive features of electric current passing through vapour gaseous envelope in anodic plasma electrolytic processes
Authors: Zhirov A V , Belkin P N , Kusmanov S A , Shadrin S Yu 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This article focuses on the study of the effect of anodic composition of electrolyte on electric conductivity of a vapour gaseous envelope, formed in the mode of anode stationary heating. The investigation methods were based on measuring current-voltage characteristics in aqueous solutions of ammonium chloride, chlorohydric acid and hydrobromic acid at equal anion concentrations. It has been established that conductivity in vapour gas medium is primarily determined by electric field intensity which varies depending on its composition and thickness, ion mobility considered as factor of secondary importance. It has been assumed that emissive capacity of aqueous solutions can be limited by a critical concentration of their components.
Research on plant diseases and insect pests identification based on CNN
Authors: Tian L G , Liu C , Liu Y , Li M , Zhang J Y , Duan H L 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Plant diseases and insect pests are common factors affecting plant growth, which is directly harmful to the quality of agricultural production. In order to identify and classify plant diseases and insect pests, in this paper, a detection method based on convolutional neural network (CNN) is proposed. Specifically, this paper first introduces the processes of plant diseases and insect pests data collection, and then the methodology for training detection model based on CNN is described. Finally, a series of comparative experiments are conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of our model, and experimental results show our model achieves competitive performance on plant diseases and insect pests dataset.
Evaluation the effect of initial pH variations to the growth of Indonesia Indigenous Synechococcus (Cyanobacteria) HS-7 and HS-9 in CT medium
Authors: Prihantini N B , Julia R , Yuniati R , Sjamsuridzal W , Wardhana W 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Research that aims to know the effect of initial pH variation of CT medium to the growth of Indonesia Indigenous Cyanobacteria of the genus Synechococcus HS (Hot Spring)-7 and HS-9 were grown at temperature 35 °C had been performed. The growth was observed by calculation of cell density and chlorophyll content measurement of Synechococcus biomass. Cell density calculations were performed every day (t0—t21) while the measurement of chlorophyll content was performed for 10 days at t0, t1, t2, t3, t4, t7, t10, t14, t17, and t21. There were 5 variations of pH used in this research (pH 5, pH 6, pH 7, pH 8, and pH 9). Observations were done qualitatively based on the cell density while quantitatively based on statistical analysis using Friedman and Spearman tests. The results showed that the initial pH variation of CT medium affected the growth of Synechococcus HS-7 and HS-9. Synechococcus HS-7 and HS-9 grew well at pH 7. Based on statistical analysis there were correlation between the cell density and chlorophyll content, and the initial pH variation of the CT medium did not affect the growth of Synechococcus HS-7 and HS-9.
Prediction of pesticide residues in agricultural products based on time series model in Chengdu, China
Authors: Yu W P , Han X Y , Wang Y Y , Yang J 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Pesticides are chemicals that can improve the efficiency of agricultural production, but also cause harm to human health and the environment. Besides effective supervision means, prevention work is also indispensable for pesticide residue safety in agricultural products. The Shuangliu and Pidu districts of Chengdu, capital city of Sichuan Province, China, were selected as the focus areas. Pesticide residue levels in leafy and starchy vegetables were measured for 15 months, analyzed with paired-sample t-tests to construct four ARIMA time series models. The results showed that pesticide residue levels of different types of agricultural products in the same area as well as those of the same agricultural products in different areas differed within the same time interval. Meanwhile, the pesticide residue levels of different agricultural products and areas showed distinct seasonal characteristics and variations. The ARIMA models were effective for short-term forecasting of agricultural pesticide residue levels. They could be used in related fields to predict crop pesticide residue levels pre-emptively based on actual usage patterns, crop type, season, and other parameters. The findings in this study may help government and traceability agencies releasing early warnings of potential agricultural product pesticide contamination. It may also help mitigate the risk of crop and environmental contamination as well as consumer health endangerment.
Effects of combined application of organic fertilizer and microbial agents on tobacco soil and tobacco agronomic traits
Authors: Zhai Z G , Hu Q L , Chen J R , Liu C X , Guo S , Huang S Q , Zeng W A 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Using the tobacco variety Yunyan87 as an example, we investigated the effects of the combined application of organic fertilizer and microbial agents on the physicochemical properties and enzyme activities of tobacco soil and on tobacco agronomic parameters. Compared with the control group, the contents of alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, available potassium, and available phosphorus in the soil treated with organic fertilizer and microbial agents increased by 27.7, 12.3, and 133.7%, respectively. The activities of soil urease, phosphatase, sucrase, and catalase increased by 86.3, 85.1, 46.6, and 33.5%, respectively, while the numbers of bacteria and actinobacteria increased by 89.9 and 183.4% respectively. In contrast, the numbers of fungi decreased by 64.8%. Plant height, effective leaf number, stem circumference, stalk width, cutting length, and cutting width increased by 8.1, 7.8, 12.1, 15.7, 20.5, and 11.5%, respectively. Based on our results, the application of organic fertilizer combined with microbial agents significantly improved soil properties, enzyme activities, microbial numbers, and tobacco agronomic parameters.
Deep-ploughing reduced nutrient contents in plough layer of paddy field-a case study of Hunan Province, China
Authors: Xiao Y S , Gao Z Q , Cao Z H , L W J , Li H G , He B , He Z H , Zhong Q 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In this study, the data of the typical paddy fields from 63 soil series of hydragric anthrosols (paddy soil) and 26 paddy fields under tobacco-rice rotation in Huan province of China were used to assess the current thickness of the plough layers of the paddy fields, set up the criterion of deep-ploughing (30 cm in this study) feasibility for the paddy fields, and predict the possible changes of soil nutrient contents in the new plough layers after deep-ploughing. The results showed that the mean thickness of current Ap1 was 15.3 cm, and 93.2% of the paddy fields were lower than the ideal depth of 20 cm. The criterion of deep-ploughing feasibility was established by comparing the textures and bulk densities of the plow-pan (Ap2) and the below adjacent hydragric horizon (Br1), i.e., Br1 is not finer than Ap2 in texture and more compacted than Ap2 in bulk density, and was preliminarily validated by a real deep-ploughing test. 69.8% of the paddy fields were feasible to deep-ploughing according to the proposed feasibility criterion. The contents of main nutrients would be significantly decreased after deep-ploughing, which indicate more fertilizers should be applied after deep-ploughing in order to maintain and promote soil fertility and the crop yields.
Cattle identification: the history of nose prints approach in brief
Authors: Bello R W , Olubummo D A , Seiyaboh Z , Enuma O C , Talib A Z , Mohamed A S A 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Petersen was the first published paper to address cattle biometrics and identification problem by suggesting a permanent cattle identification method based on nose print principles widely accepted today. His major concern was on proper identification of cattle for registration and of cattle on an official test so that the possibility of swapping, false insurance claims, and ownership disputes can be guarded against. It was with this identification problem in the mind of every breeder that the practicable suggestion of using nose print as means of identification was made by O. H. Baker of the American Jersey Cattle Club in Petersen’s paper entitled “The identification of the bovine by means of nose-prints”. Before the advent of the nose print method, cattle identification has been by conventional constructs such as tattoo, tags, photographs, descriptions, branding (hot and freeze), ear notching, and sketching (drawings) the color markings on them on paper for registration and identification purposes. These classical methods of identification cause trouble among the breeders especially when their cattle are sold or are on an official test due to lack of artistic ability on the part of the breeders which makes the matching of the sketches and the markings on the cattle disagree. Presented in this paper are the various cattle biometrics and identification methods, most especially from the classical methods to the modern methods.
Spatio-temporal changes and the driving forces of One Village One Product (OVOP) industries in Beijing suburbs
Authors: Xu G C , Xie M Y , Huang Y H 
Published: December 2020

AbstractOne village one product (OVOP) oriented in Japan is an economic and social sustainability strategy for rural development. The OVOP industries in the areas surrounding a metropolis are susceptible to changes due to the urbanization process. In order to reveal the changing trend of OVOP and its driving forces around metropolitan areas, and promote the OVOP-related decision-making process, we analysed the spatio-temporal changes of OVOP villages in the Beijing suburbs using statistical data for the period of 2007–2017. Mixed methods of literature review, statistical data collection, time series change and policy impact analysis were employed to analyse the spatio-temporal changes of OVOP villages, also the driving forces were screened from the aspects of urban sprawl, industrial policy change and institutional variation, the qualitatively analysed to illustrate their influences on OVOP changes. The results revealed that from 2007 to 2017, OVOP industries in the Beijing suburbs improved agri-product quality to meet the changing urban needs, promoted local labour employment, and improved farmer organization and encouraged rural entrepreneurship, even under a quantitative decrease and spatial shrinkage, which was mainly driven by urban sprawl, afforestation, industrial policy intervention, and the comparatively low benefits of agriculture production. Therefore, more efforts should be directed toward promoting OVOP development in urban contexts, including protecting the spaces for OVOP industry development from urban sprawl and ecological construction, stabilizing favourable institutional arrangements on rural industrial structure, improving the rural community capacity for self-development, and encouraging the flow of more urban resources into the rural OVOP industries.
Adsorption of cadmium from water using activated carbon derived from Ipomoea Carnea using chemical impregnation
Authors: Meshram Saurabh , Nanewar Joshi Anuradha , Dharmadhikari Sandeep , Singh Thakur Raghwendra 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Ipomoea Carnea is a wild shrub, and because of its abundance, it was chosen as precursor for making activated carbon. Adsorbent preparation method involved the impregnation of dried precursor with zinc chloride followed by activation at 500°C. Surface morphology of prepared adsorbent was compared with the raw Ipomoea Carnea by Scanning Electron Microscope analysis. Batch adsorption studies were carried out to understand the effect of parameters like, metal initial concentration, contact time, adsorbent dose and pH on percent removal of cadmium. More than 96% removal of Cd(II) was obtained at the adsorbent dose of 0.3 g/L in 20 minutes at pH 6. Experimental data were fitted to isotherm and kinetic models to understand the mechanism of adsorption. Adsorption of Cd(II) onto raw Ipomoea Carnea followed the Langmuir isotherm, whereas adsorption onto activated Ipomoea Carnea followed the Freundlich isotherm. Kinetic study reveal that the experimental data of adsorption of Cd(II) onto activated Ipomoea Carnea followed the second order kinetic.
Water Crisis in the Bundelkhand Region: An Observation
Authors: Chourasia L P , Jhariya D C 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Bundelkhand region is getting an average annual rain of about 1000 mm, almost about 90% of its within two months of July and August and drained by major rivers. But in this region, there is a water crisis due to an increase in agriculture, population, vagaries of rainfall, climate change, political issues, mismanagement of water, misuse of water, and negligence of the environmental problems, neglect of traditional sources of water resource etc. In the present study, the issues related to water scarcity are identified, and remedial measures are suggested to improve this region’s water resources. If these measures are adequately implemented, the water crisis of the study area will be diminished.
Possibilities of Design of Flood Protection Measures in the Catchment
Authors: Šoltész Andrej , Cubanová Lea , Janík Adam , Baroková Dana 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The goal of the contribution is to present possibilities of comprehensive and complex procedures for proper design of flood protection measures in several parts of Slovakia. The complex approach consisted of mutual integration of results of partial mathematical models – rainfall-runoff model, sewage system model, 1-D hydrodynamic modelling of open channel flow together with partially covered flows, 2-D hydrodynamic modelling of flooding the town residential area. All modelling works were been done in DTM coming from aerial photography or in conditions of detailed morphological and geodetic survey of investigated rivers basins. According to the modelling process appropriate preventive flood protection measures have been designed and afterwards realised in the territory, i.e. detention reservoirs in the mountain region above the urban regions. Designed flood protection measures should store the flood wave volume and mitigate the effect of flush floods on residential areas of small and even larger cities. Several case studies are presented in the contribution all over the Slovak Republic to emphasize the variety of flood wave progress, its reduction in discharge and postponing in time in different hydrological, morphological and geological conditions of mountain regions. Most of the presented proposals of flood protection measures have been projected and some of them have been already realized.
Multidimensional comparative analysis as a tool for assessing the level of development of energy markets in selected European countries
Authors: Bluszcz Anna 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The most important factor affecting the economic development of societies is access to electricity at an acceptable price. The constantly developing economy generates an increasing demand for electricity. The energy resources used for energy production are diverse in the European Union countries, hence the assessment of the level of development of energy markets is a multidimensional problem. This article undertakes comparative studies on determining the level of sustainable development of energy markets in selected Member States. Sustainable development of energy markets is a phenomenon characterized by many variables that simultaneously concern various aspects including environmental, economic, technical and technological and social problems, which means that sustainable development can be described by many different variables, the number of which can reach up to several dozen. In this case, comparative analysis using traditional methods becomes impossible. The multidimensional analysis method was used to classify countries into homogeneous clusters in terms of the level of development of energy markets. Multidimensional comparative analysis, or MCA for short, deals with methods and techniques for comparing multi-feature objects. MCA is a formally coherent set of statistical methods for purposeful selection of information about elements of a certain community and detection of regularities in the mutual relations of these elements. MCA is an interdisciplinary method that uses achievements and methods used in other fields. Multivariate comparative analysis is a method in which the analysis is performed in many stages and in many directions. Research results indicate the position of the energy market development in Poland in comparison to selected Member States