bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wasser verbindet?
Authors: Müller‐Mahn Detlef 
Published: January 2020

AbstractEntwicklungsgeographie: Mit dem Bau neuer Staudämme will Äthiopien die Nahrungsproduktion steigern, den wachsenden Energiebedarf sichern, Modernisierung und Wirtschaftswachstum vorantreiben und die Folgen des Klimawandels bewältigen. In der Bevölkerung und bei Experten ist umstritten, ob sich so viel auf einmal erreichen lässt.
An anti‐oxidative cell culture dish inhibits intracellular reactive oxygen species accumulation and modulates pluripotency‐associated gene expression in mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Ikeda Yutaka , Inuzuka Naoki , Goto Mitsuaki , Akaike Toshihiro , Nagasaki Yukio 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMaintenance of the pluripotent state of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) during in vitro expansion is an important factor for the successful proliferation of MSCs possessing high differentiation capacity. However, the differentiation potential of MSCs can easily be lost during in vitro expansion, particularly at late passages. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are signaling molecules that help to maintain MSC function; however, excessive ROS generation can induce senescence and impair both the differentiation capacity and proliferation of MSCs. In this study, we have designed an amphiphilic block copolymer (redox copolymer), which possesses ROS scavenging capacity in the hydrophobic site. When this redox copolymer was coated on cell culture dishes coupled with human E‐cadherin chimeric antibody (hE‐cad‐Fc), it had an antioxidative effect on cultured MSCs. We also confirmed that the redox polymer construct poly(ethylene glycol) tethered chain on the surface prevented nonspecific cell binding, whereas the co‐immobilized surface allowed high adhesion of E‐cadherin‐positive MSCs. Interestingly, the intracellular ROS level was significantly decreased by the prepared cell culture dish, despite ROS being scavenged only on the surface of the dish, on the cell exterior. Consequently, the cultured MSCs retained high expression levels of pluripotency‐associated genes, including SOX2.
miR‐194 relieve neuropathic pain and prevent neuroinflammation via targeting FOXA1
Authors: Zhang Xian , Chen Qiuqing , Shen Jian , Wang Li , Cai Yi , Zhu Kai‐Run 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe emerging role of microRNAs (miRNAs) have been deeply explored in multiple diseases including neuropathic pain. miR‐194 was widely reported to be a tumor suppressor and was related to the inflammatory response. The critical role of neuroinflammation on neuropathic pain leads to a thinking about the relationship between miR‐194 and neuropathic pain. However, the function of miR‐194 in neuropathic pain remains unknown. This study was aimed to explore the relationship between miR‐194 and neuropathic pain progression by chronic sciatic nerve injury (CCI). miR‐194 abnormally downregulated in the CCI model rat and its overexpression significantly alleviates neuroinflammation in vivo. We predict Forkhead box protein A1 (FOXA1) as a direct target of miR‐194, whose restoration can markedly reverse the effects of miR‐194 on neuropathic pain. Overall, our study demonstrated a novel mechanism of neuropathic pain progression that miR‐194 alleviates neuropathic pain via targeting FOXA1 and preventing neuroinflammation by downregulating inflammatory cytokines containing cyclooxygenase 2, interleukin 6 (IL‐6), and IL‐10 in vivo, which can be reversed by the overexpression of FOXA1.
MicroRNA‐2861 and microRNA‐5115 regulates myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury through the GPR30/mTOR signaling pathway by binding to GPR30
Authors: Zhu Lijie , Li Qingman , Li Qingmin , Qi Datun , Gao Chuanyu , Yang Honghui 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMyocardial ischemia–reperfusion (I/R) injury, a major contributor to morbidity and mortality, represents a combination of intrinsic cellular response to ischemia and the extrinsic acute inflammatory response. In the present study, microarray analysis of GSE67308 and GSE50885 identified differentially expressed GPR30 and upstream regulatory miR‐2861 and miR‐5115 in myocardial I/R. Furthermore, GPR30 was confirmed as a common target gene of miR‐2861 and miR‐5115, and miR‐2861 and miR‐5115 inhibited GPR30 expression. Poor expression of GPR30 was identified in the myocardial I/R injury mouse model. Overexpressed GPR30 led to alleviated the pathological conditions, diminished myocardial infarct size and apoptosis of myocardial tissue in mice. Moreover, miR‐2861 and miR‐5115 were found to be highly expressed in the myocardial I/R injury mouse model and to subsequently accelerate the disease progression. Notably, PR30 curtailed the development of myocardial I/R injury through activation of the mTOR signaling pathway. The key findings suggested that miR‐2861 and miR‐5115 blocked the activation of the GPR30/mTOR signaling pathway by targeting GPR30, thereby accelerating myocardial I/R injury in mice.
Autophagy protects PC12 cells against deoxynivalenol toxicity via the Class III PI3K/beclin 1/Bcl‐2 pathway
Authors: Wang Xichun , Jiang Yunjing , Zhu Lei , Cao Li , Xu Wei , Rahman Sajid ur , Feng Shibin , Li Yu , Wu Jinjie 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDeoxynivalenol (DON) is a major mycotoxin from the trichothecene family of mycotoxins produced by Fusarium fungi. It can cause a variety of adverse effects on human and farm animal health. Here, we determined the effect of DON on the Class III phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase (PIK3C3)/beclin 1/B cell lymphoma‐2 (Bcl‐2) pathway in PC12 cells and the relationship between autophagy and apoptosis. The effects of DON were evaluated based on the apoptosis ratio; the typical indicators of autophagy, including cellular morphology, acridine orange‐ and monodansylcadaverine‐labeled vacuoles, green fluorescent protein–microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) localization, and LC3 immunofluorescence; and the expression of key autophagy‐related genes and proteins, that is, PIK3C3, beclin 1, Bcl‐2, LC3, and p62. The relationship between autophagy and apoptosis was analyzed by western blot analysis and flow cytometry. DON‐induced PC12 cell morphological changes and autophagy significantly. PIK3C3, beclin 1, and LC3 increased in tandem with the DON concentration used; Bcl‐2 and p62 expression decreased as DON concentrations increased. Moreover, the PIK3C3/beclin 1/Bcl‐2 signaling pathway played a role in DON‐induced autophagy. Our findings suggest that DON can induce autophagy by activating the PIK3C3/beclin 1/Bcl‐2 signaling pathway and that autophagy may play a positive role in reducing DON‐induced apoptosis.
Kinetic evaluation of sterically hindered amines under partial oxy‐combustion conditions
Authors: Camino Sara , Vega Fernando , Gallego Fernández Luz M , Cano Mercedes , Camino José A , Navarrete Benito 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDCarbon capture and storage is considered one of the pillars that should support greenhouse gas (GHG) emission mitigation by 2050. In this sense, partial oxy‐combustion emerges as a promising alternative. Its advantages rely on the production of a higher CO2 concentration flue gas than these provided by conventional air‐firing processes. The use of higher CO2 concentrations should improve the solvent kinetic and the CO2 cyclic capacity.RESULTSThe kinetic behaviour of two representative sterically hindered amines, namely 2‐amino‐2‐methyl‐1‐propanol (AMP) and isophrondiamine (IF), were studied under partial oxy‐combustion conditions in a laboratory‐scale semi‐batch reactor. The CO2 concentration varied from 15%v/v to 60%v/v. The kinetic enhancement experienced by AMP at high CO2 concentration was slightly >60%, instead of 70–80% for IF. AMP also improved its CO2 absorption capacity by 24.7%, from 15%v/v to 60%v/v, almost doubled the improvements achieved by monoethanolamine (MEA). In the case of IF experiments, the CO2 loading increased ≈10% from 15%v/v to 60%v/v CO2 and it changed from 1.10 to 1.34 mol CO2 mol–1 solvent, representing a >20% increase.CONCLUSIONSThe presence of higher CO2 concentrations accelerated CO2 absorption and provided higher CO2 absorption rates. In addition, the evolution of the CO2 loading also exhibited higher values in the experiments using higher CO2 concentration flue gas. The steric hindrance causes a hybrid behaviour in these solvents, between both fast and slow kinetic solvents. The kinetic rates observed using AMP were slightly higher than MEA, but lower than IF which showed the fastest kinetics. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
GLOBAL (BEST) TOGETHER WITH (OR AGAINST) LOCAL NETWORKS AND PRACTICES? LIQUID ENGINEERING AND THE USES PROGRAMME
Authors: Robbins Peter , Wield David , Wilson Gordon , Watkins Andrew , MacPhail Peter 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThere is potentially tension between world class research and global standards on the one hand and local contexts of engineering and development practice on the other. One aims at scientific status and entirely new knowledge, suggesting just one standard of quality. The other at building products and processes that might bring socio‐economic development, often prizing pragmatism and bricolage. The UK‐funded programme ‘Understanding Sustainable Energy Solutions in Developing Countries’ (USES) was set up on the understanding that such tensions, if they exist, can be transcended. It was funded by two organisations, the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council and the UK international development agency, Department for International Development.This paper analyses the USES research programme, looking at the processes of its establishment, partnership building, the research undertaken and its early impact. The paper shows that the USES programme goes beyond ‘normal’ pure versus applied, research versus policy and low‐tech versus high‐tech dualities. Instead, it throws up a complex series of issues that require attention if research is to lead to long standing and sustainable economic and social development.The paper suggests that the concept ‘liquid engineering’ might be a good way to conceptualise the ways in which the programme, without denying the tensions of dualistic realities, has moved towards a more fluid process to take account of its multiple and complex goals. The programme highlights that progress can be made towards engineering and development being accepted as a legitimate area of engineering theory and practice. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Condensation of delta‐1‐piperideine‐6‐carboxylate with ortho‐aminobenzaldehyde allows its simple, fast, and inexpensive quantification in the urine of patients with antiquitin deficiency
Authors: Boehm Thomas , Hubmann Holger , Petroczi Karin , Mathis Déborah , Klavins Kristaps , Fauler Guenter , Plecko Barbara , Struys Eduard , Jilma Bernd 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAntiquitin (ATQ) deficiency leads to tissue, plasma, and urinary accumulation of alpha‐aminoadipic semialdehyde (AASA) and its Schiff base delta‐1‐piperideine‐6‐carboxylate (P6C). Although genetic testing of ALDH7A1 is the most definitive diagnostic method, quantifications of pathognomonic metabolites are important for the diagnosis and evaluation of therapeutic and dietary interventions. Current metabolite quantification methods use laborious, technically highly complex, and expensive liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectro‐metry, which is available only in selected laboratories worldwide. Incubation of ortho‐aminobenzaldehyde (oABA) with P6C leads to the formation of a triple aromatic ring structure with characteristic absorption and fluorescence properties. The mean concentration of P6C in nine urine samples from seven ATQ‐deficient patients under standard treatment protocols was statistically highly significantly different (P < .001) compared to the mean of 74 healthy controls aged between 2 months and 57 years. Using this limited data set the specificity and sensitivity is 100% for all tested age groups using a P6C cut‐off of 2.11 μmol/mmol creatinine, which represents the 99% prediction interval of the P6C concentrations in 17 control urine samples from children below 6 years of age. Plasma P6C concentrations were only elevated in one ATQ subject, possibly because P6C is trapped by pyridoxal‐5‐phosphate (PLP) blocking fusing with oABA. Nevertheless, both urine and plasma samples were amenable to the quantification of exogenous P6C with high response rates. The P6C quantification method using fusion of oABA with P6C is fast, simple, and inexpensive and might be readily implemented into routine clinical diagnostic laboratories for the early diagnosis of neonatal pyridoxine‐dependent epilepsy.
The association of preoperative anxiety and depression with neurocognitive disorder following oncological surgery
Authors: Du Jing , Plas Matthijs , Absalom Anthony R. , van Leeuwen Barbara L. , de Bock Geertruida H. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe proposed underlying mechanisms of anxiety and depression, and of postoperative neurocognitive disorder (NCD), each include immune system involvement. Therefore, the aims of this study were to investigate the incidence of postoperative NCD 3 months after surgery among oncological patients undergoing surgery and to evaluate the role of preoperative anxiety and depression.MethodA consecutive series of patients (age ≥ 18 years) undergoing surgery for the removal of solid tumors were included (n = 218). Cognitive performance was assessed preoperatively and at 3 months postoperatively. Preoperative anxiety and depression were evaluated using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale.ResultsNCD affected 12.3% of elderly patients (age ≥ 70 years, n = 57) at 3 months after surgery, with executive function mostly affected. By contrast, 8.4% of younger patients (age < 70 years, n = 107) were affected, with information processing speed mostly affected. Low educational attainment was a risk factor (OR, 6.0; 95% CI, 1.9–19.0) of overall NCD, whereas preoperative anxiety was associated with decline in the domain of executive function.ConclusionPostoperative NCD is a complication of oncological surgery for all adults instead of the elderly only. Preoperative anxiety was associated with an increased risk of executive function decline, and low educational attainment was a key factor for overall NCD.
Significance of desmoglein‐2 on cell malignant behaviors via mediating MAPK signaling in cervical cancer
Authors: Zhou Bing‐Xia , Li Yan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDesmoglein‐2 (DSG2) is an integral component of desmosomes, maintaining cell‐cell adhension in multiple cancers. It has been well studied in epithelial cells, cardiomyocytes and primary prostate cancer, colon cancer, skin squamous cell carcinoma, except for cervical cancer. Hence, we performed this study to examine the function of DSG2 in cervical cancer. We used TCGA and Oncomine databases to assess the expression level of DSG2 in cervical cancer cases. Kaplan‐Meier method with log‐rank test was utilized to plot overall survival (OS) curve. The reverse transcription‐quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) and western blotting were performed to detect the expression of DSG2 in cells. Cell Counting Kit‐8 (CCK‐8), wound‐healing analysis, and transwell assay were carried out to examine proliferation, migration, and invasion of cells. A higher level of DSG2 in cervical cancer was associated with lower OS rate. Knockdown of DSG2 inhibited cervical cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, while DSG2 enhancement promoted cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Moreover, the proteins expression of p‐MEK and p‐ERK that are required for mitogen‐activated protein kinases (MAPK) pathway were downregulated after reducing DSG2. In conclusion, these findings illustrated the importance of DSG2 in cervical cancer development and cell behaviors by mediating MAPK signaling pathway, suggesting DSG2 maybe a novel therapeutic target in control of cervical cancer.
Society publishing: It's all about the community you serve
Authors: Holmes Edith 
Published: January 2020

Key points
Put your audience first; factor community needs into every editorial and business decision.
Do not confuse ‘open’ with ‘free’ access; be as open as possible but maintain subscription models where those who value quality information share the cost of creating it.
Carefully choose your technology partner; select a firm with a disciplined approach to developing infrastructure that benefits all publishers on the platform.
Keep print as a distribution option; retain this medium with its documented advantages over digital publication in the acquisition and retention of knowledge.
Think twice about consolidation; consider, evaluate, and adopt the business model that best serves your community.
Antioxidative properties and macrochemical composition of five commercial mungbean varieties in Australia
Authors: Johnson Joel , Collins Tania , Power Aoife , Chandra Shaneel , Skylas Daniel , Portman Drew , Panozzo Joe , Blanchard Christopher , Naiker Mani 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMungbeans are growing in popularity among Australian consumers, driven by their beneficial nutritional and phytochemical composition. However, data on the antioxidative, mineral, and phytochemical content of Australian mungbeans at the point of consumer purchase remains scarce. Here, five commercial mungbean samples were analysed for total antioxidant capacity, total phenolics, and total monomeric anthocyanins. Attenuated total reflectance midinfrared spectroscopy was utilised as a rapid and reliable method of obtaining information about the macrochemical composition of the mungbean hulls. Total antioxidant capacity ranged from 170 to 570 mg Trolox equivalents per 100 g, total phenolic content from 130 to 240 mg gallic acid equivalents per 100 g, and anthocyanin content from 10 to 40 mg cyanidin‐3‐glucoside equivalents per 100 g. There was a significant difference between varieties in all measures of antioxidant, phenolic and anthocyanin contents. Using principal component analysis, the midinfrared spectra for the five mungbean varieties could be isolated, highlighting the differences in their phytochemical composition. In general, whole Australian mungbeans appear to have the highest antioxidant, phenolic, and anthocyanin contents. Midinfrared spectroscopy appears to be a valuable method of obtaining and comparing the macrochemical composition of mungbeans. This technology is likely to be of increasing use in the future.
Robust and Broadband Optical Coupling by Topological Waveguide Arrays
Authors: Song Wange , Sun Wenzhao , Chen Chen , Song Qinghai , Xiao Shumin , Zhu Shining , Li Tao 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPhotonic topological states have been exploited to give rise to robust optical behaviors that are quite insensitive to local defects or perturbations, which provide a promising solution for robust photonic integrations. Specifically, for example, optical coupling between waveguides is a universal function in integrated photonics. However, the coupling performance usually suffers from high structure‐sensitivity and challenges current manufacturing for massive production. Here, the topological edge state in a finite Su–Schriffer–Heeger modeled optical waveguide array is explored and robust optical coupling (e.g., directional coupling and beam splitting) is demonstrated, which is quite insensitive to structural variations. It is experimentally proved that even a large discrepancy (21–26% structural deviation) in silicon waveguides gaps has little influence on optical coupling (>90% performance), while conventional counterparts totally break down. Moreover, thanks to such a topological design, the devices show much broader working bandwidth (≈10 times performance improvement) than the conventional ones, greatly favoring the photonic integrations. This work would inspire new families of optical devices with robust and broadband properties that can excite more interesting and useful exploration in both fields, and possibly open a new avenue toward topological devices with unique properties and functionalities.
Self‐Healing Metallo‐Supramolecular Amphiphilic Polymer Conetworks
Authors: Mugemana Clément , Grysan Patrick , Dieden Reiner , Ruch David , Bruns Nico , Dubois Philippe 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe current challenge in self‐healing materials resides in the design of materials which exhibit improved mechanical properties and self‐healing ability. The design of phase‐separated nanostructures combining hard and soft phases represents an attractive approach to overcome this limitation. Amphiphilic polymer conetworks are nanostructured materials with robust mechanical properties, which can be tailored by tuning the polymer composition and chemical functionality. This article highlights the design of phase‐separated nanostructured polymers from metallo‐supramolecular amphiphilic polymer conetworks, and their application for self‐healing surfaces. The synthesis of poly(N‐(pyridin‐4‐yl)acrylamide)‐l‐polydimethylsiloxane polymer conetworks from the poly(pentafluorophenyl acrylate)‐l‐polydimethylsiloxane activated ester is presented. Loading of ZnCl2 salt into the phase‐separated polymer conetwork strengthens the network by cross‐linking the poly(N‐(pyridin‐4‐yl)acrylamide) phases, while offering reversible interactions needed for self‐healing ability.
Impact of the Fiber Length Distribution on Porous Sponges Originating from Short Electrospun Fibers Made from Polymer Yarn
Authors: Liao Xiaojian , Hu Pin , Agarwal Seema , Greiner Andreas 
Published: January 2020

AbstractUltralight highly porous sponges made of short electrospun polymer fibers have gained significant attention for a variety of applications. According to the established procedures, short electrospun fibers are obtained by cutting or homogenization of electrospun fibers in suspension, which yield fibers with inhomogeneous fiber length. The role of the fiber length distribution and the fiber length in the mechanical compressibility of the sponges is unknown. Therefore, as a model study, sponges made from suspensions of short electrospun poly(acrylonitrile) (PAN) fibers with controlled fiber length distribution are investigated, and the role of the fiber length distribution in the compressibility of the sponges is analyzed quantitatively. These sponges are also compared to the ones prepared by established procedure as a benchmark. It is found that the compression stress and modulus of ultralight sponges with monodisperse short fibers are respectively 32% and 45% higher than that made with polydisperse short fibers. The study also shows that sponges made from longer fibers have higher modulus in comparison to the sponges made from shorter fibers.
Highly Transparent and Colorless Self‐Healing Polyacrylate Coatings Based on Diels–Alder Chemistry
Authors: Fortunato Giovanni , Tatsi Elisavet , Rigatelli Benedetta , Turri Stefano , Griffini Gianmarco 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe efficient integration of reversible polymer networks into acrylate‐based polymeric materials is of peculiar interest for the development of coatings that combine high transparency with self‐healing ability. In this work, reversible networks are obtained by reacting a series of linear copolymers of furfuryl methacrylate with aliphatic bismaleimides through Diels–Alder (DA) reaction between furan and maleimide moieties. Owing to dynamic crosslinking, the obtained coatings exhibit thermal reversibility, as determined by differential scanning calorimetry and dissolution experiments. Furthermore, upon heating over the retro‐DA temperature, an excellent recovery of mechanically induced surface damages proves successful thermal remendability. Compared to previous reports on DA‐based acrylate networks, the presented thermally responsive coatings exhibit outstanding transparency and absence of color, as a result of an accurate choice of suitable monomeric precursors. In addition, a pronounced hydrophobic behavior and excellent adhesive properties make the proposed material particularly suitable for optical applications.