bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fa'āliyyah Tathbīq Tharīqah Puzzle fī Tachsīn Qudrah Takallum at-Talāmīdz di Madrasah Sabīl at-Taqwa ats-Tsānawiyyah Margomulyo Luwu Timur
Authors: Abrar Muhammad 
Published: July 2020

<p dir="RTL" align="center"><strong>ملخص البحث</strong></p><p dir="RTL">هذ البحث لمعرفة قدرة وتأثير تطبيق طريقة اللغز لقدرة تلاميذ على التكلم باللغة العربية. و توضيح للباحثين أو المربين المحتملين حول تطبيق نموذج التعليم الذى يمكن أن تحسن مفهوم التلاميذ باعتبارها مادة إعلامية للباحثين للحفاظ على البحث والعثور على نموذج التعليم وفقا لأسلوب التعليم من التلاميذ لتحسين فهم التلاميذ على اللغة العربية. حصل الباحث على متوسط درجة قدرة اللغة العربية على التحدث للمتعلم الذي يعادل 81 درجة. الانحراف المعياري هو مقياس يصف مستوى نشر البيانات لمتوسط القيمة التي تم الحصول عليها فى هذه الدراسة وبلغ 43.03. علاوة على ذلك ، فإن التباين هو مقياس تنوع مفيد للغاي Furchan، 2014: 164) مع قيمة التباين التي تم الحصول عليها في هذه الدراسة لعام 1852 ومعامل التباين بنسبة 53.12٪. معامل التباين هو النسبة المئوية للمساواة فى المعاملة المعطاة للجسم. كلما كانت قيمة التباين أصغر كلما كان يتم الحصول على معاملة أكثر إنصافًا.</p><p dir="RTL"><strong><br /></strong><em></em></p>
The Effectiveness of Constructivist Learning Using Guided Discovery Models on The Concept of A Regulatory System for Curiosity and Anti-Narcotics Attitudes
Authors: Raida Sulasfiana Alfi , Jamaludin Didi Nur 
Published: July 2020

<p>This research aimed to analyze the effectiveness of constructivist learning using guided discovery models on the concept of a regulatory system for curiosity and anti-narcotics attitudes. This research used a quasi-experimental and pre-experimental design. The population was all of the 4th semester MIA classes of SMA Negeri 1 Salatiga which consists of seven classes. Samples were taken with a convenience sampling technique. MIA 2.4 and 5.4 as the experimental group and MIA 3.4 and 4.4 as the control group. The data in this research were collected by the scale of curiosity and anti-narcotics attitude. Data were analyzed with descriptive analyzed and t-test. The result showed as follows: there is a significant difference at the end of the curiosity and anti-narcotics attitude of constructivist learning using guided discovery model compared with direct instruction model learning; the average of student’s curiosity and anti-narcotics attitude score ≥ 3,00 on constructivist learning using guided discovery model. It is concluded that constructivist learning using a guided discovery model is effectively completed learning outcomes of the curiosity and anti-narcotics attitude on the regulatory system concept.</p>
Bimbingan Emosional Mengembangkan Kemampuan Anak-Anak
Authors: Farida Farida 
Published: July 2020

<span><span><em>Children phase has a variety of potential ability to be optimized in order </em><span><em>to undergo all development tasks in line with the maximum growth, so ready to </em><span><em>enter the next phase, namely: teenagers, adults, elderly. Cognitive potential to </em><span><em>solve problems in life, emotional potential to adapt to the environment, and the </em><span><em>children potential psychomotor is able to realize what he was thinking and feeling </em><span><em>fit the norm for a man who is always active “go-no” to independence responsible. </em><span><em>Therefore, education and counseling is done by adults (especially parents) for </em><span><em>children to grow up to be independent human beings and with all his typical late </em><span><em>can be tried in the hope that always “successful”. Modeling, habituation, giving </em><span><em>guidance to understand the characteristic of the child will be more effective. </em><span><em>The trick is to give “free” experience and play while learning among friends. The </em><span><em>conditions for children have needs besides socializing with family get ready to </em><span><em>enter formal educational institutions and non-formal, and various ways to respect </em><span><em>the diversity of the environment. Hence the need for the feeling to feel fulfilled </em><span><em>in the guidance of emotional given to children to be able to manage the basic </em><span><em>emotions (happy, sad, disgusted, angry, disappointed, and surprised) that is held to </em><span><em>be a human being adaptable, motivated and self-esteem and self-concept positive. </em><span><em>Due to the positive expression of emotion to motivate children to develop cognitive </em><span><em>abilities and psychomotor personal-social and spiritual.</em></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br /></span></span>
Upper-Extremity Reconstruction in Tetraplegia
Authors: Cantwell Sean Robert , Rhee Peter Charles 
Published: July 2020

» Management of tetraplegia should be individualized to a patient’s particular deficiencies and functional goals.» Surgical decision-making for upper-extremity reconstruction in patients with tetraplegia relies on a thorough physical examination to determine which nerves and muscles remain under volitional control with adequate strength for transfer.» Peripheral nerve transfers, either in conjunction with or in place of traditional tendon transfers, enable providers to offer an expanded set of surgical options for patients with tetraplegia who are seeking upper-extremity reconstruction.» All upper-extremity reconstructive efforts should be carefully considered with regard to their potential effects on the availability of future reconstructive efforts.
“DIFFERENT THOUGH THE SEXES ARE, THEY INTERMIX”: GENDER SHIFTS IN VIRGINIA WOOLF’S ORLANDO: A BIOGRAPHY
Authors: Kappke Nathalie de Souza , Maggio Sandra Sirangelo 
Published: July 2020

The following article discusses how gender shifts are portrayed in the novel Orlando: A Biography (1928), by Virginia Woolf. Since the beginning of the novel, Orlando is presented as a very talented, unique creature, with a great aptitude for writing. Also, Orlando is depicted as an adaptable person, who shifts his behavior according to what is expected from him in different situations. Besides, Orlando goes through sex change in the middle of the story. Accepting the fantastic happenings of the narrative as real, this work investigates which impact this transformation has in Orlando’s life. Examining the sex change and also the gender shifts the protagonist undergoes through ideas presented by Judith Butler in Gender Trouble (1990) and by Sandra Bem in the essays “Sex Typing and Androgyny: Further Explorations of the Expressive Domain” and “Sex Role Adaptability: The Consequence of Psychological Androgyny”, this research has identified that Orlando does not restrain theirself to only one gender, but waves through different genders. Thus, adapting themself to what is required in each situation.
Machine-learning reveals that Mycobacterium tuberculosis genotypes and anatomic disease site impacts drug resistance and disease transmission among patients with proven extra-pulmonary tuberculosis
Authors: Sibandze Doctor Busizwe , Magazi Beki Themba , Malinga Lesibana Anthony , Maningi Nontuthuko Excellent , Shey Bong Akee , Pasipanodya Jotam G , Mbelle Nontombi N 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: There is a general dearth of information on extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB). Here, we investigated Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) drug resistance and transmission patterns in EPTB patients treated in the Tshwane metropolitan area, in South Africa.Methods: Consecutive Mtb culture-positive non-pulmonary samples from unique EPTB patients underwent mycobacterial genotyping and were assigned to phylogenetic lineages and transmission clusters based on spoligotypes. MTBDRplus assay was used to search mutations for isoniazid and rifampin resistance. Machine learning algorithms were used to identify clinically meaningful patterns in data. We computed odds ratio (OR), attributable risk (AR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: Of the 70 isolates examined, the largest cluster comprised 25 (36%) Mtb strains that belonged to the East Asian lineage. East Asian lineage was significantly more likely to occur within chains of transmission when compared to the Euro-American and East-African Indian lineages: OR= 10.11 (95% CI: 1.56-116). Lymphadenitis, meningitis and cutaneous TB, were significantly more likely to be associated with drug resistance: OR=12.69 (95% CI: 1.82-141.60) and AR = 0.25 (95% CI: 0.06-0.43) when compared with other EPTB sites, which suggests that poor rifampin penetration might be a contributing factor.Conclusions: The majority of Mtb strains circulating in the Tshwane metropolis belongs to East Asian, Euro-American and East-African Indian lineages. Each of these are likely to be clustered, suggesting on-going EPTB transmission. Since 25% of the drug resistance was attributable to sanctuary EPTB sites notorious for poor rifampin penetration, we hypothesize that poor anti-tuberculosis drug dosing might have a role in the development of resistance.
Navigating complexity of child abuse through intuition and evidence-based guidelines: a mix-methods study among child and youth healthcare practitioners
Authors: Erisman Jetske Charlotte , de Sabbata Kevin , Zuiderent-Jerak Teun , Syurina Elena V 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Dutch child and youth health care (CYHC) practitioners monitor and assess the well-being of children. One of their main concerns is identifying cases of child abuse, which is an arduous and sensitive task. In these contexts, CYHC-practitioners use both evidence-based guidelines aimed at increasing the quality of care through rationalised decision-making, and intuition. These two practices are seen as being at odds with each other, yet empirical research has shown that both are necessary in healthcare. This study aims to unravel how intuition is perceived and used by Dutch CYHC-practitioners when identifying and working with cases of child abuse, and how this relates to their evidence-based guidelines. Methods: A sequential exploratory mixed-methods design: in-depth semi-structured interviews with CYHC-physicians focused on perceptions on intuition, which were followed by a survey amongst CYHC-practitioners on the recognition and use of the concept. Results: The majority of CYHC-practitioners recognise and use intuition in their daily work, stating that it is necessary in their profession. CYHC-practitioners use intuition to 1) sense that something is ‘off’, 2) differentiate between ‘normal’ and ‘abnormal’, 3) assess risks, 4) weigh secondary information and 5) communicate with parents. At the same time, they warn of its dangers, as it may lead to ‘tunnel vision’ and false accusations. Conclusion: Intuition is experienced as an integral part of the work of CYHC-practitioners. It is understood as particularly useful in cases of child abuse, which are inherently complex, as signs and evidence of abuse are often hidden, subtle and unique in each case. CYHC-practitioners use intuition to manage and navigate this complexity. There is an opportunity for guidelines to support reflection and intuition as a ‘good care’ practice.
Explaining the impact of mHealth on maternal and child health care in low- and middle-income countries: A theory-driven scoping review
Authors: Kabongo Eveline Muika , Mukumbang Ferdinand , Delobelle Peter N/A , Nicol Edward N/A 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Introduction Despite the growing global application of mobile health (mHealth) technology in maternal and child health, the contextual factors and mechanisms by which interventional outcomes are generated have not been subjected to extensive review. In this study, we sought to identify context, mechanisms and outcome elements from implementation and evaluation studies of mHealth interventions to formulate theories or models explicating how mHealth interventions work (or not) both for health care providers and for pregnant women and new mothers.Method An electronic search of six online databases (Medline, Pubmed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Academic Search Premier and Health Systems Evidence) was performed. Using appropriate MeSH terms and selection procedure, 32 articles were considered for analysis. A theory-driven approach, narrative synthesis, was applied to synthesise the data. Thematic content analysis was used to delineate the elements of the intervention, including its context, actors, mechanism and outcomes. Retroduction was applied to link these elements using a realist evaluation heuristic to form generative theories.Results Mechanisms that promote the implementation of mHealth by community health workers/health care providers include motivation, perceived skill and knowledge improvement, improved self-efficacy, improved confidence, improved relationship between community health workers and clients, perceived support of community health workers, perceived ease of use and usefulness of mHealth, For pregnant women and new mothers, mechanisms that trigger the uptake of mHealth and use of maternal and child health services included: perceived service satisfaction, perceived knowledge acquisition, support and confidence, improved self-efficacy, encouragement, empowerment and motivation. Information overload was identified as a potential negative mechanism for the uptake of maternal and child health services.Conclusion The models developed in this study provide a detailed understanding of the implementation and uptake of mHealth interventions and how they improve maternal and child health services in low and middle income countries. These models provide a foundation for the ‘white box’ or theory-driven evaluation of mHealth intervention and can improve the rollout and implementation where required.
An investigation of an anthrax outbreak in Makoni District, Zimbabwe
Authors: Makurumidze Richard , Tafara Gombe Notion , Tapuwa Magure , Tshimanga Mufuta 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: In Zimbabwe, anthrax continues to be a disease of public health importance with sporadic outbreaks reported in many parts of the country annually. A human anthrax outbreak occurred in Makoni District Ward 22 and 23 between June 2013 and February 2014. The human anthrax outbreak followed cattle deaths in the wards, which were laboratory confirmed to be due to anthrax. We report the clinical characteristics, distribution of anthrax cases (places, person and time), risk factors for contracting the disease, environmental assessment, district preparedness and response and outbreak prevention and control measures.Methods: We conducted an outbreak investigation with the design of a 1:1 case-control study. Cases and controls were frequency matched against sex. Data were collected using a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire. Environmental assessment, district preparedness and response and outbreak prevention and control measures were assessed using a checklist, observations and key informant interviews. Multivariable logic regression analysis was performed to identify independent risk factors associated with contracting anthrax. Results: Of the 64 cases, 37 cases and 37 controls were interviewed. All the cases had cutaneous anthrax with the commonest site of eschar being the hand (43%). Most of the cases (89%) were managed according to national guidelines. On multivariable analysis, source of meat from other villagers [vs butchery, OR = 15.21, 95% CI (2.32-99.81)], skinning [OR = 4.32, 95% CI (1.25-14.94)] and belonging to a religion which permits eating meat from cattle slaughtered due to unknown illness or butchered after an unobserved death [OR = 6.12, 95% CI (1.28-29.37)] were associated with contracting anthrax. The district was poorly resourced and delayed to respond to the outbreak.Conclusion: The described anthrax outbreak resulted from contact and consumption of infected cattle meat. The district office response was delayed and was not prepared to control the outbreak. However, the outbreak was eventually controlled through cattle vaccination; health education and awareness campaigns. The district should strengthen its emergency preparedness and response capacity, revive zoonotic committees, conduct awareness campaign during the high-risk period and improve the surveillance of anthrax during high-risk periods.
Evaluation of a novel lower radiation computed tomography protocol for assessment of tunnel position post anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
Authors: vasudeva varun , Key Stephen , Phillips Alfred , Kahane Steve , Stevens Joseph , Wall Chris , Gallie Price 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is a common orthopaedic procedure. We developed a novel, low dose computed tomography (LDCT) protocol to assess tunnel position post-operatively. The effective radiation dose of this protocol is <0.5millisieverts (mSv), which is significantly less than the 2mSv dose for a conventional CT protocol. The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy of the LDCT protocol for determining tunnel position.Methods: Twenty-six patients who underwent primary ACL reconstruction were included in the study. A LDCT scan was performed six weeks post-operatively. Femoral and tibial tunnel positions were measured on three dimensional (3D) reconstructions using previously validated techniques. Measurements were performed independently by three observers at two time points, four weeks apart.Results: There was excellent intra- and inter-rater reliability for all measurements using the images obtained from the LDCT protocol. Intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) values were >0.9 for all measurements. Conclusions: The LDCT protocol described in this study accurately demonstrates femoral and tibial tunnels post ACL reconstruction, while exposing the patient to a quarter of the radiation dose of a conventional CT. This protocol could be used by orthopaedic surgeons for routine post-operative imaging, in place of plain film radiographs.
Seed characterization and early Nitrogen metabolism performance of seedlings from Altiplano and Coastal ecotypes of Quinoa
Authors: Pinto/Irish Katherine , Pena Teodoro Coba de la , Ostria-Gallardo Enrique , Ibanez Cristian , Briones Vilbett , Vergara Alexander , Alvarez Rodrigo , Castro Catalina , Sanhueza Carolina , Castro Patricio , Bascunan-Godoy Luisa 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Early seed germination and a functional root system development during establishment are crucial attributes contributing to nutrient competence under marginal nutrient soil conditions. Chenopodium quinoa Willd (Chenopodiaceae) is a rustic crop, able to grow in marginal areas. Altiplano and Coastal/Lowlands are two representative zones of quinoa cultivation in South America with contrasting soil fertility and edaphoclimatic conditions.In the present work, we hypothesize that the ecotypes of Quinoa from Altiplano (landrace Socaire) and from Coastal/Lowland (landrace Faro) have developed differential adaptive responses in order to survive under conditions of low availability of N in their respective climatic zones of Altiplano and Lowlands. In order to understand intrinsic differences for N competence between landraces, seed metabolite profile and germinative capacity were studied. Additionally, in order to elucidate the mechanisms of N uptake and assimilation at limiting N conditions during establishment, germinated seeds of both landraces were grown at either sufficient nitrate (HN) or low nitrate (LN) supply. We studied the photosynthetic performance, protein storage, root morphometrical parameters, activity and expression of N-assimilating enzymes, and the expression of nitrate transporters of roots in plants submitted to the different treatments.Results: Seeds from Socaire landrace presented higher content of free N-related metabolites and faster seed germination rate compared to Faro landrace. Seedlings of both ecotypes presented similar physiological performance at HN supply, but at LN supply their differences were exalted. At LN, Socaire plants showed an increased root biomass (including a higher number and total length of lateral roots), a differential regulation of a nitrate transporter (a NPF6.3-like homologue) belonging to the Low Affinity Transport System (LATS), and an upregulation of a nitrate transporter (a NRT2.1-like homologue) belonging to the High Affinity nitrate Transport System (HATS) compared to Faro. These responses as a whole could be linked to a higher amount of stored proteins in leaves, associated to an enhanced photochemical performance in Altiplano plants, in comparison to Lowland quinoa plants. Conclusions: These differential characteristics of Socaire over Faro plants could involve an adaptation to enhanced nitrate uptake under the brutal unfavorable climate conditions of Altiplano.
Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Endophthalmitis: Case Series and Review Literature
Authors: Pinitpuwadol Warinyupa , Tesavibul Nattaporn , Boonsophon Sutasinee , Sakiyalak Darin , Sarunket Sucheera , Choopong Pitipol 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: To report three cases of nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) endophthalmitis following multiple ocular surgeries and to review previous literature in order to study the clinical profile, treatment modalities, and visual outcomes among patients with NTM endophthalmitis.Methods: Clinical manifestation and management of patients with NTM endophthalmitis in the Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand were described. In addition, a review of previously reported cases and case series from MEDLINE was performed. The clinical information and type of NTM from the previous studies and our cases were summarized.Results: We reported three cases of NTM endophthalmitis caused by M. haemophilum, M. fortuitum and M. abscessus and a summarized review of 95 additional cases previously published. Of 98 patients, there were 85 exogenous endophthalmitis (86.7%) and 13 endogenous endophthalmitis (13.3%). The patients’ age ranged from 13 to 89 years with mean of 61.1±18.7 years with no gender predominance. Exogenous endophthalmitis occurred in both healthy and immunocompromised hosts, mainly caused by cataract surgery (62.4%). In contrast, almost all endogenous endophthalmitis patients were immunocompromised. Among all patients, previous history of tuberculosis infection was identified in 4 cases (4.1%). Rapid growing NTMs were responsible for exogenous endophthalmitis, while endogenous endophthalmitis were commonly caused by slow growers. Treatment regimens consisted of macrolides, fluoroquinolones or aminoglycosides, which were continued for up to 12 months. Initial and final vision were generally worse than 6/60.Conclusions: NTM endophthalmitis is a serious intraocular infection that leads to irreversible loss of vision. The presentation can mimic a chronic recurrent or persistent intraocular inflammation. History of multiple intraocular surgeries or immune-deficiency in patient with chronic panuveitis should raise the practioner’s suspicion of NTM endophthalmitis. Appropriate diagnosis and treatment are important to optimize visual outcome.