bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experiences and intentions of Ugandan household tuberculosis contacts receiving test results via text message: an exploratory study
Authors: Ggita Joseph M. , Katahoire Anne , Meyer Amanda J. , Nansubuga Elizabeth , Nalugwa Talemwa , Turimumahoro Patricia , Ochom Emmanuel , Ayakaka Irene , Haberer Jessica E. , Katamba Achilles , Armstrong-Hough Mari , Davis J. Lucian 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends household contact investigation for tuberculosis (TB) in high-burden countries. However, household contacts who complete evaluation for TB during contact investigation may have difficulty accessing their test results. Use of automated short-messaging services (SMS) to deliver test results could improve TB status awareness and linkage to care. We sought to explore how household contacts experience test results delivered via SMS, and how these experiences influence follow-up intentions.

Methods
We conducted semi-structured interviews with household contacts who participated in a randomized controlled trial evaluating home sputum collection and delivery of TB results via SMS (Pan-African Clinical Trials Registry #201509000877140). We asked about feelings, beliefs, decisions, and behaviors in response to the SMS results. We analyzed the content and emerging themes in relation to the Theory of Planned Behavior.

Results
We interviewed and achieved thematic saturation with ten household contacts. Nine received TB-negative results and one a TB-positive result. Household contacts reported relief upon receiving SMS confirming their TB status, but also said they lacked confidence in the results delivered by SMS. Some worried that negative results were incorrect until they spoke to a lay health worker (LHW). Household contacts said their long-term intentions to request help or seek care were influenced by perceived consequences of not observing the LHW’s instructions related to the SMS and follow-up procedures; beliefs about the curability of TB; anticipated support from LHWs; and perceived barriers to responding to an SMS request for further evaluation.

Conclusion
Household contacts experienced relief when they received results. However, they were less confident about results delivered via SMS than results delivered by LHWs. Delivery of results by SMS should complement continued interaction with LHWs, not replace them.
Time-efficient and computer-guided sprint interval exercise training for improving health in the workplace: a randomised mixed-methods feasibility study in office-based employees
Authors: Metcalfe Richard S. , Atef Hady , Mackintosh Kelly , McNarry Melitta , Ryde Gemma , Hill Denise M. , Vollaard Niels B. J. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
The efficacy of high-intensity interval training (HIT) as a time-efficient exercise strategy for beneficially modifying risk factors for cardiovascular disease has repeatedly been demonstrated in controlled laboratory settings. However, the effectiveness of HIT in an unsupervised workplace setting has not been investigated. The objective of this study was to use mixed methods to investigate the feasibility, acceptability and effectiveness of a short-duration, high-intensity exercise intervention (REHIT) when applied unsupervised in a workplace setting.

Methods
Twenty-five office-workers (mean ± SD age: 47 ± 9 y, BMI: 27.5 ± 4.4 kg·m− 2, V̇O2max: 28 ± 7 mL·kg− 1·min− 1) completed a 6-week REHIT intervention unsupervised in their workplace (n = 13, 6 men), or acted as a no-intervention control (n = 12, 6 men). The intervention consisted of 2 sessions/week of low-intensity (~ 25 W) cycling interspersed with 2 ‘all-out’ sprints, increasing in duration from 10 to 20 s per sprint over the 6 weeks (total time-commitment: 8:40 min per session). V̇O2max was assessed pre- and post-training, whilst questionnaire-based measures of exercise enjoyment, self-efficacy, and acceptability were completed post-training. Eight participants also completed post-intervention semi-structured interviews.

Results
V̇O2max significantly improved in the exercise group (2.25 ± 0.75 L·min− 1 vs. 2.42 ± 0.82 L·min− 1; + 7.4%) compared to the control group (2.22 ± 0.72 L·min− 1 vs. 2.17 ± 0.74 L·min− 1; − 2.3%; time*intervention interaction effect: p < 0.01). Participants considered the REHIT intervention acceptable and enjoyable (PACES: 89 ± 17 out of 119) and were confident in their ability to continue to perform REHIT (7.8 ± 1.2 out of 9). Qualitative data revealed that REHIT offered a time-efficient opportunity to exercise, that was perceived as achievable, and which encouraged highly valued post-exercise outcomes (e.g. progress towards health/fitness benefits).

Conclusions
REHIT could be implemented as a feasible, effective and acceptable exercise intervention in a workplace setting, with a total time-commitment of < 20 min/week. Consideration of certain psycho-social factors and behaviour-change techniques may ensure adherence to the REHIT programme in the long term.

Trial registration
The study was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov on 07/05/2019 (registration: NCT03941145).
‘I’m proud of how far I’ve come. I’m just ready to work’: mental health recovery narratives within the context of Australia’s Disability Employment Services
Authors: Devine Alexandra , Vaughan Cathy , Kavanagh Anne , Dickinson Helen , Byars Sean , Dimov Stefanie , Gye Bill , Brophy Lisa 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Employment is recognised as facilitating the personal and clinical recovery of people with psychosocial disability. Yet this group continue to experience considerable barriers to work, and, constitute a significant proportion of individuals engaged with Disability Employment Services (DES). Recognition of the role of recovery-oriented practice within DES remains limited, despite these approaches being widely promoted as best-practice within the field of mental health.

Methods
The Improving Disability Employment Study (IDES) aims to gather evidence on factors influencing employment outcomes for Australians with disability. Descriptive analysis and linear regression of IDES survey data from 369 DES participants, alongside narrative analysis of data collected through 56 in-depth interviews with 30 DES participants with psychosocial disability, allowed us to explore factors influencing mental health, well-being and personal recovery within the context of DES.

Results
Psychosocial disability was reported as the main disability by 48% of IDES respondents. These individuals had significantly lower scores on measures of mental health and well-being (44.9, 48.4 respectively, p ≤ 0.01), compared with respondents with other disability types (52.2, 54.3 p ≤ 0.01). Within this group, individuals currently employed had higher mental health and well-being scores than those not employed (47.5 vs 36.9, 55.5 vs 45.4 respectively, p ≤ 0.01). Building on these findings, our qualitative analysis identified five personal recovery narratives: 1) Recovery in spite of DES; 2) DES as a key actor in recovery; 3) DES playing a supporting role in fluctuating journeys of recovery; 4) Recovery undermined by DES; and, 5) Just surviving regardless of DES. Narratives were strongly influenced by participants’ mental health and employment status, alongside the relationship with their DES worker, and, participants’ perspectives on the effectiveness of services provided.

Conclusion
These findings re-iterate the importance of work in supporting the mental health and well-being of people with psychosocial disability. Alongside access to secure and meaningful work, personal recovery was facilitated within the context of DES when frontline workers utilised approaches that align with recovery-orientated practices. However, these approaches were not consistently applied. Given the number of people with psychosocial disability moving through DES, encouraging greater consideration of recovery-oriented practice within DES and investment in building the capacity of frontline staff to utilise such practice is warranted.
The results of meniscal allograft transplantation surgery: what is success?
Authors: Searle Henry , Asopa Vipin , Coleman Simon , McDermott Ian 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Meniscal allograft transplantation (MAT) may improve symptoms and function, and may limit premature knee degeneration in patients with symptomatic meniscal loss. The aim of this retrospective study was to examine patient outcomes after MAT and to explore the different potential definitions of ‘success’ and ‘failure’.

Methods
Sixty patients who underwent MAT between 2008 and 2014, aged 18–50 were identified. Six validated outcome measures for knee pathologies, patient satisfaction and return to sport were incorporated into a questionnaire. Surgical failure (removal of most/all the graft, revision MAT or conversion to arthroplasty), clinical failure (Lysholm < 65), complication rates (surgical failure plus repeat arthroscopy for secondary allograft tears) and whether patients would have the procedure again were recorded. Statistics analysis included descriptive statistics, with patient-reported outcome measures reported as median and range. A binomial logistic regression was performed to assess factors contributing to failure.

Results
Forty-three patients (72%) responded, mean age 35.6 (±7.5). 72% required concomitant procedures, and 44% had Outerbridge III or IV chondral damage. The complication rate was 21% (9). At mean follow-up of 3.4 (±1.6) years, 9% (4) were surgical failures and 21% (9) were clinical failures. Half of those patients considered a failure stated they would undergo MAT again. In the 74% (32) reporting they would undergo MAT again, median KOOS, IKDC and Lysholm scores were 82.1, 62.1 and 88, compared to 62.2, 48.5 and 64 in patients who said they would not. None of the risk factors significantly contributed to surgical or clinical failure, although female gender and number of concomitant procedures were nearly significant. Following MAT, 40% were dissatisfied with type/level of sport achieved, but only 14% would not consider MAT again.

Conclusions
None of the risk factors examined were linked to surgical or clinical failure. Whilst less favourable outcomes are seen with Outerbridge Grade IV, these patients should not be excluded from potential MAT. Inability to return to sport is not associated with failure since 73% of these patients would undergo MAT again. The disparity between ‘clinical failure’ and ‘surgical failure’ outcomes means these terms may need re-defining using a specific/bespoke MAT scoring system.
Risk stratification for early bacteremia after living donor liver transplantation: a retrospective observational cohort study
Authors: Park Jaesik , Kim Bae Wook , Choi Ho Joong , Hong Sang Hyun , Park Chul Soo , Choi Jong Ho , Chae Min Suk 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
This study investigated perioperative clinical risk factors for early post-transplant bacteremia in patients undergoing living donor liver transplantation (LDLT). Additionally, postoperative outcomes were compared between patients with and without early post-transplant bacteremia.

Methods
Clinical data of 610 adult patients who underwent elective LDLT between January 2009 and December 2018 at Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital were retrospectively collected. The exclusion criteria included overt signs of infection within 1 month before surgery. A total of 596 adult patients were enrolled in this study. Based on the occurrence of a systemic bacterial infection after surgery, patients were classified into non-infected and infected groups.

Results
The incidence of bacteremia at 1 month after LDLT was 9.7% (57 patients) and Enterococcus faecium (31.6%) was the most commonly cultured bacterium in the blood samples. Univariate analysis showed that preoperative psoas muscle index (PMI), model for end-stage disease score, utility of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT), ascites, C-reactive protein to albumin ratio, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio, and sodium level, as well as intraoperative post-reperfusion syndrome, mean central venous pressure, requirement for packed red blood cells and fresh frozen plasma, hourly fluid infusion and urine output, and short-term postoperative early allograft dysfunction (EAD) were associated with the risk of early post-transplant bacteremia. Multivariate analysis revealed that PMI, the CRRT requirement, the NLR, and EAD were independently associated with the risk of early post-transplant bacteremia (area under the curve: 0.707; 95% confidence interval: 0.667–0.745; p < 0.001). The overall survival rate was better in the non-infected patient group. Among patients with bacteremia, anti-bacterial treatment was unable to resolve infection in 34 patients, resulting in an increased risk of patient mortality. Among the factors included in the model, EAD was significantly correlated with non-resolving infection.

Conclusions
We propose a prognostic model to identify patients at high risk for a bloodstream bacterial infection; furthermore, our findings support the notion that skeletal muscle depletion, CRRT requirement, systemic inflammatory response, and delayed liver graft function are associated with a pathogenic vulnerability in cirrhotic patients who undergo LDLT.
Sociodemographic and lifestyle-related risk factors for identifying vulnerable groups for type 2 diabetes: a narrative review with emphasis on data from Europe
Authors:   on behalf of the Feel4Diabetes-study Group, Kyrou Ioannis , Tsigos Constantine , Mavrogianni Christina , Cardon Greet , Van Stappen Vicky , Latomme Julie , Kivelä Jemina , Wikström Katja , Tsochev Kaloyan , Nanasi Anna , Semanova Csilla , Mateo-Gallego Rocío , Lamiquiz-Moneo Itziar , Dafoulas George , Timpel Patrick , Schwarz Peter E. H. , Iotova Violeta , Tankova Tsvetalina , Makrilakis Konstantinos , Manios Yannis 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) comprises the vast majority of all diabetes cases in adults, with alarmingly increasing prevalence over the past few decades worldwide. A particularly heavy healthcare burden of diabetes is noted in Europe, where 8.8% of the population aged 20–79 years is estimated to have diabetes according to the International Diabetes Federation. Multiple risk factors are implicated in the pathogenesis of T2DM with complex underlying interplay and intricate gene-environment interactions. Thus, intense research has been focused on studying the role of T2DM risk factors and on identifying vulnerable groups for T2DM in the general population which can then be targeted for prevention interventions.

Methods
For this narrative review, we conducted a comprehensive search of the existing literature on T2DM risk factors, focusing on studies in adult cohorts from European countries which were published in English after January 2000.

Results
Multiple lifestyle-related and sociodemographic factors were identified as related to high T2DM risk, including age, ethnicity, family history, low socioeconomic status, obesity, metabolic syndrome and each of its components, as well as certain unhealthy lifestyle behaviors. As Europe has an increasingly aging population, multiple migrant and ethnic minority groups and significant socioeconomic diversity both within and across different countries, this review focuses not only on modifiable T2DM risk factors, but also on the impact of pertinent demographic and socioeconomic factors.

Conclusion
In addition to other T2DM risk factors, low socioeconomic status can significantly increase the risk for prediabetes and T2DM, but is often overlooked. In multinational and multicultural regions such as Europe, a holistic approach, which will take into account both traditional and socioeconomic/socioecological factors, is becoming increasingly crucial in order to implement multidimensional public health programs and integrated community-based interventions for effective T2DM prevention.
Intra- and inter- observer reliability of anthropometric measurements and blood pressure in primary schoolchildren and adults: the Feel4Diabetes-study
Authors:   on behalf of the Feel4diabetes-study group, Androutsos Odysseas , Anastasiou Costas , Lambrinou Christina-Paulina , Mavrogianni Christina , Cardon Greet , Van Stappen Vicky , Kivelä Jemina , Wikström Katja , Moreno Luis A. , Iotova Violeta , Tsochev Kaloyan , Chakarova Nevena , Ungvári Tímea , Jancso Zoltán , Makrilakis Konstantinos , Manios Yannis 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundFeel4Diabetes was a large-scale, multicenter lifestyle intervention aiming to prevent type 2 diabetes among families from vulnerable population groups in six European countries (Belgium, Bulgaria, Finland, Greece, Hungary and Spain). The current study aimed to describe the process that was followed to harmonize and standardize the measurement of anthropometric (weight, height and waist circumference) and blood pressure (systolic and diastolic) indices, as well as to assess the intra- and inter- observer reliability of these measurements.MethodsA central training workshop was conducted prior to the baseline measurements of the Feel4Diabetes-intervention. One researcher from each intervention country, as well as 12 adults and 12 children (for the anthropometric measurements) and 21 adults (for the blood pressure measurements) participated in this workshop. Technical Error of Measurement (TEM) and reliability (%R) were calculated to assess the reliability of the indices which were assessed to evaluate the outcome of the Feel4Diabetes-intervention. The Feel4Diabetes-intervention is registered athttps://clinicaltrials.gov/(NCT02393872).ResultsIntra-observer reliability was found to be higher than 99.5% for all anthropometric measurements in both children and adults. Inter-observer reliability was found to be higher than 98% regarding the anthropometric measurements, while for blood pressure measurements %R was 76.62 and 91.38% for systolic and diastolic blood pressure measurements, respectively.ConclusionThe central training of the Fee4Diabetes-intervention ensured that the data collected for the outcome evaluation of the Feel4Diabetes-intervention in the six European countries at three different time points (baseline, follow-up 1 and follow-up 2) were valid and comparable.
Periodontitis and inflammatory bowel disease: a meta-analysis
Authors: She Yang-yang , Kong Xiang-bo , Ge Ya-ping , Liu Zhi-yong , Chen Jie-yu , Jiang Jing-wei , Jiang Hong-bo , Fang Si-lian 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Periodontitis was reported to be associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, the association between them has not been firmly established in the existing literature. Therefore, this meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the relationship between periodontitis and IBD.

Methods
Electronic databases were searched for publications up to August 1, 2019 to include all eligible studies. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were estimated to determine the association between periodontal disease and IBD using a random or fixed effects model according to heterogeneity.

Results
Six eligible studies involving 599 IBD patients and 448 controls were included. The pooled OR between periodontitis and IBD was 3.17 (95% CI: 2.09–4.8) with no heterogeneity observed (I2 = 0.00%). The pooled ORs were 3.64 (95% CI: 2.33–5.67) and 5.37 (95% CI: 3.30–8.74) for the associations between periodontitis and the two sub-categories of IBD, Crohn’ s disease and ulcerative colitis, respectively.

Conclusions
The results demonstrated that periodontitis was significantly associated with IBD. However, the mechanisms underlying periodontitis and IBD development are undetermined. Further studies are needed to elucidate this relationship.
Coping and wellbeing in bereavement: two core outcomes for evaluating bereavement support in palliative care
Authors: Harrop Emily , Scott Hannah , Sivell Stephanie , Seddon Kathy , Fitzgibbon Jim , Morgan Fiona , Pickett Sara , Byrne Anthony , Nelson Annmarie , Longo Mirella 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Bereavement support is a core part of palliative care. However, the evidence base is limited by a lack of consistency in the outcomes used to evaluate services and models of support, which makes it difficult to compare approaches. Core Outcome Sets (COS) represent the minimum that should be measured in research into specific conditions or services. The aim of this study was to use a stakeholders’ perspective to develop a COS for evaluating bereavement support for adults in adult palliative care settings.

Methods
A list of outcomes relevant to bereavement support was created following a systematic review of the quantitative and qualitative literature. At an expert workshop 21 stakeholders discussed their views on the most important outcomes and compared these to and critiqued the lists constructed from the review. These lists and discussions informed a two round international DELPHI survey (n = 240) designed to reach consensus on which outcomes/outcome dimensions should be included in the COS. To prioritise and validate the items emerging from the survey, participants at a subsequent consensus day ranked the relative importance of these items (n = 23). A final feedback exercise with these consensus day participants was conducted to confirm the selection of outcomes and dimensions.

Results
‘Ability to cope with grief’ and ‘Quality of life and mental wellbeing’ were selected as two core outcomes. Twenty-one different dimensions to explore when assessing these outcomes were also identified. The coping related dimensions have been categorised as: Negative and overwhelming grief; Communication and connectedness; Understanding, accepting and finding meaning in grief; Finding balance between grief and life going forwards; Accessing appropriate support. Those relating to quality of life and wellbeing have been categorised as; Participation in work and/or regular activities; Relationships and social functioning; Positive mental wellbeing and Negative mental and emotional state.

Conclusion
This COS outlines a more consistent way forward for bereavement researchers and practitioners, whilst also orientating towards public health and resilience-based approaches to bereavement care. Further work is planned to identify and develop measures which are specific to this core outcome set, and which will facilitate the future comparability of bereavement services and interventions.