bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENERAPAN PEMBELAJARAN DENGAN STRATEGI RELATING, EXPERIENCING, APPLYING, COOPERATING, TRANSFERRING (REACT) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN KONEKSI MATEMATIS SISWA
Authors: Anih Euis , Mutmainah Nita 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRAK
Salah satu tujuan pembelajaran matematika adalah untuk meningkatkan kemampuan koneksi matematis siswa. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, guru perlu memilih strategi pembelajaran yang efektif. Salah satunya dengan menggunakan strategi pembelajaran Relating, Experiencing, Applying, Cooperating, Transferring (REACT). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah kemampuan koneksi matematis siswa yang memperoleh pembelajaran dengan strategi REACT lebih tinggi daripada siswa yang memperoleh pembelajaran biasa pada kelas VIII SMP Negeri di daerah Subang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuasi eksperimen dengan desain berbentuk pretest-posttest dengan kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol. Satu kelas sebagai kelas eksperimen (diberikan strategi pembelajaran REACT) dan satu kelas sebagai kelas kontrol. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri di daerah Subang kabupaten Subang, Tahun Pelajaran 2019-2020 dengan sampel adalah kelas VIII A sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas VIII C sebagai kelas kontrol. Materi yang dipilih adalah koordinat kartesius. Jenis instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah tes kemampuan koneksi matematis siswa, angket dan lembar observasi. Instrumn berupa soal yang berbentuk uraian sebanyak empat butir soal, 18 pernyataan berbentuk angket, lembar observasi kegiatan guru dan siswa selama pembelajaran berlangsung. Intrumen diolah menggunakan Software Microsoft Excel 2013 dan Software Minitab for Windows Version 19.0. Hasil penelitian setelah dianalisis menunjukkan bahwa dengan taraf signifikansi adanya peningkatan kemampuan koneksi matematis siswa pada kelas eksperimen yang dalam pembelajarannya memperoleh strategi pembelajaran REACT lebih tinggi daripada kelas kontrol yang dalam pembelajarannya menggunakan pembelajaran dengan pendekatan biasa (saintifik). Berdasarkan analisis terhadap angket, siswa memberikan respon positif terhadap pelajaran matematika, maupun strategi REACT. Maka, dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa strategi pembelajaran REACT dapat menjadi alternatif dalam meningkatkan kemampuan koneksi matematis siswa.
Effect of Adding a Different Level of Bentonite on Arabi Lamb Performance and Nutrients Digestibility
Authors: Khalaf Abass N. , Al-Galbi Hanaa A. 
Published: January 2020

This study was conducted in one of the private fields in Maysan province to study the effect of adding a different level of bentonite to the lamb diets on the performance of lambs. The study included (18) male Arabi lambs weighted 24.5±1.22 kg and lasted 120 days. Lambs were taken after weaning at the age of 3 to 4 months. They were randomly divided into six groups. The diet was provided on the basis of 3% of live body weight. The diets of the trial included (A) a basic diet of 50% concentrated fodder + 50 alfalfa without any addition. (B) A plus 2% bentonite/ dry matter. (C) A plus 4% bentonite/ dry matter. Treatment (D) a diet of 100% concentrated feed + hay ad libitum (basic diet 2) and without any addition. (E) D plus 2% bentonite. (F) D plus 4% bentonite. The diet significantly affected the average final weight and total weight gain in favor of lambs fed treatment D (100% concentrated feed) with average final weight and total weight gain 46.57 and 22.11 kg, respectively. The addition of bentonite improved the rates of the rate of total weight gain is 17.71, 20.85 and 19.50 kg without adding and adding bentonite (2%) and bentonite (4%), respectively. The diet significantly affected the digestion rate of DM, OM, CP, EE, and NDF. Their digestion coefficients of 100% concentrate group were (75.98, 80.70, 80.09, 65.31 and 31.67%, respectively). 50% concentrated fodder (70.26, 71.53, 76.22, 45.47 and 27.36%, respectively).
Histopathological Changes in the Liver and Spleen of Common Carp Cyprinus carpio L. Challenge with Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Schroeter, 1872) Fed with Dietary Chitosan and Ciprofloxacin
Authors: Al-Mossawai Omeet F.M.H , Ali Atheer H. 
Published: January 2020

The current study was conducted for 90 days in order to study the efficacy of dietary chitosan and antibiotic ciprofloxacin supplement as a resistance and presentation of fishes against the bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) by effect on liver and spleen of fishes. The fishes were divided into four categories of groups at two periods; the former at infection (at 90th day of feeding period) and the latter at post infection (14 days after the challenge period). The first and second groups (T1 and T2) were considered as negative and positive controls (both fed on standard diet), respectively, while the third and fourth groups (T3 and T4) represent dietary chitosan and dietary antibiotic supplement, respectively. All groups, except T1, were challenged by bacteria at 90th day of feeding period. Liver of positive control revealed severe degeneration, especially around hepatic vein with congestion and fibrosis, while the spleen exhibited haemorrhage, lymphocytosis and lymphatic accumulation of white pulp with hemosiderin. The histopathological changes in liver of chitosan group at the infection period were characterized by vacuolation, inflammatory cells and hemorrhage, while necrosis and swelling of hepatocytes and infiltration with inflammatory cells at post infection period. The spleen at the infection period was suffered from leukocytosis, accumulation of inflammatory cells and macrophages, presence of focus from phagocytic macrophages. The liver in antibiotic group of infection period displayed narrowing of the sinusoid, swelling of hepatocytes and infiltration with inflammatory cells, hyperplasia in the bile duct, while the abnormal accumulation of lymphatic follicles. At postinfection period, the spleen showed thickness at the wall capsule, presence of homogeneous pinkish matter around arteriole in the red pulp and lymphocytosis in the white pulp. The supplemented chitosan groups showed a significant decrease in the mortality percentage . The supplemented chitosan groups showed a significant decrease in the mortality percentage.
Effect of Adding Lycium barbarum L. Extract to Drinking Water on Some Productive Traits of Japanese Quail (Coturnix japonica)
Authors: Sultan Arshad T.M. , Al-Salhie Khalid C.K. , Shawket Tarik F. 
Published: January 2020

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of adding Lycium barbarum extract to drinking water on some productive traits of Japanese quail. A total of 270 one-week-old Japanese quails were used in this study. The birds were divided into six treatments (45 for each). Each litre of drinking water (RO) was treated with 400 mg of L. barbarum extract add from (leaves, fruits, stems, and roots) for T2, T3, T4, and T5 respectively. 400 mg of mixed extract from leaves, stems, fruits and roots of L. barbarum were added to drinking water (T6). The control treatment (T1) was free of L. barbarum drinking water. The results showed no significant differences in the body weight, body weight gain, feed consumption and feed conversion ratio. A significant decrease in the age of sexual puberty and sexual maturity for males and females were recorded in the second and third treatments compared to the other treatments. On the other hand, the results showed no significant differences between the experimental treatments for the weight at sexual puberty and maturity for males and females. It can be concluded that the leaves and fruits of L. barbarum extract decreased the sexual puberty age for males and females of Japanese quail. On the other hand, it has no effect on body weight, body weight gain, feed consumption and feed conversion ratios.
KOMPETENSI KEPALA SEKOLAH SEBAGAI SUPERVISOR DALAM MENINGKATKAN PROFESIONAL GURU PADA SMP NEGERI 2 MESJID RAYA
Authors: Nurmalina Nurmalina 
Published: January 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran kompetensi kepala sekolah sebagai supervisor dalam meningkatkan profesional guru pada SMP Negeri 2 Mesjid Raya Kabupaten Aceh Besar. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah kepala sekolah, wakil kepala sekolah dan guru. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara dan analisis dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Kompetensi kepala sekolah sebagai supervisor harus diwujudkan dalam kemampuan penyusunan dan pelaksanaan program supervisi serta memanfaatkan hasilnya. Aspek-aspek yang akan disupervisi kepala sekolah atau supervisor adalah tentang kelengkapan perangkat pembelajaran diantaranya pengembangan silabus, program tahunan, program semester, KKM, RPP, administrasi yang dibutuhkan di kelas, cara mengajar atau penyampaian materi di kelas. Teknik supervisi yang digunakan oleh kepala sekolah SMP Negeri 2 Mesjid Raya Kabupaten Aceh Besar dalam pelaksanaan superviai adalah teknik supervisi individu dan juga teknik supervisi kelompok. Hambatan-hambatan dalam pelaksanaan supervisi oleh kepala sekolah meliputi: pelaksanaan supervisi tidak sesuai dengan jadwal yang telah ditentukan sebelumnya karena sering terjadi betrokan dengan jadwal lainnya, pengetahuan dan keterampilan kepala sekolah dalam supervisi masih terbatas, masih terdapatnya guru yang belum memahami supervisi. Langkah-langkah yang dilakukan kepala sekolah dalam mengatasi hambatan-hambatan pelaksanaan supervisi adalah melibatkan guru dalam penyusunan jadwal supervisi dan mengadakan kesepakatan dengan guru.
DEVELOPING EXTENSIVE READING MATERIAL FOR SEMESTER 2 STUDENTS OF YOGYAKARTA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Wahyuningsih Sungkawati Kardi 
Published: January 2020

This research study was aimed at developing extensive reading material for semester 2 students of Yogyakarta University of Technology. This research was a Research and Development study that included the steps of needs analysis, course grid design, product development, product validation, product revision, try-out, and study of the final product. This research developed ten units of extensive reading material. The extensive reading material was developed according to the needs analysis data. The need of semester 2 students of Yogyakarta University of Technology is to improve their reading skills. The appropriate extensive reading material are describe the language skills clearly, look nice, give a lot practice, give feedback and let the learners know how to complete the tasks, give examples and tell the learners how to learn best. The needs-related appropriate extensive reading material in terms of their components are: the goal of learning reading is to improve the students’ reading skills; the input presents interesting pictures and vocabulary list; the procedure presents interesting and enjoyable activities; the learners’ role is as the active reader; the teacher’s role is the feedback giver; and the setting is individual work. The needs-related arrangement of the components of appropriate extensive reading material in terms of their organisations are arranged into three stages, namely: introduction, exercises, and evaluation
Résoudre les conflits relationnels avec la grille des jeux psychologiques
Authors: Le Guernic Agnès 
Published: January 2020

Beaucoup a été écrit sur les jeux psychologiques depuis le livre « Des jeux et des hommes » d’Éric Berne qui a rendu l’Analyse Transactionnelle célèbre en 1964. Le concept de Jeu Psychologique est reconnu à juste titre puisque les conflits relationnels sont bien présents dans nos vies professionnelles et personnelles et génèrent une souffrance qui parfois ne demande qu’à s’étendre dans le système. Dans son article, Agnès le Guernic s’intéresse à la dimension systémique des jeux et à leur impact sur la relation. Elle propose un outil qui est un point d’appui pratique lorsque l’on perçoit qu’on peut être partie prenante d’un jeu. Elle propose un guide accessible pour sortir de la plainte et pour interrompre un processus dommageable dès que possible. M. M.
Secularization and the Modern History of Funerary Culture in Europe
Authors: De Spiegeleer Christoph 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
This article connects the history of attitudes toward death and funerary practices in 19th- and 20th-century Europe to the ongoing discussion on secularization. It emphasizes how recent scholarship on the history of death – following broader trends within religious studies – has abandoned the standard modernization-narrative of secularization, and moved to view the issue through the prism of conflict and market competition. Depending on the historical context and the Church-State relationship, a conflict and/or market competition perspective can deepen our understanding of the secularization of death and burial practices. In periods of intense socio-political struggle over the role of religion in the modern polity, a conflict perspective helps to grasp the processes of secularization. Once secular forces have succeeded in breaking the grip of the churches on death and burial, a market perspective can be more useful. Both serve as alternatives to the traditional understanding of secularization as an anonymous process of modernization. An in-depth analysis of the development of a secularist funerary culture in Belgium aptly demonstrates the shift in the master variable influencing secularization – from socio-political conflict to market competition.
Predicting Postoperative Course After Total Shoulder Arthroplasty Using a Medical-Social Evaluation Model
Authors: Davis Daniel E. , Zmistowski Benjamin , Patel Manan S. , Girden Alex , Padegimas Eric , Ramsey Matthew L. 
Published: January 2020

Introduction:
The ability to predict successful outcomes is important for patient satisfaction and optimal results after shoulder arthroplasty. We hypothesize that a medical-social scoring tool will predict resource requirements in doing total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA).

Methods:
A retrospective analysis of 453 patients undergoing TSA was undertaken. Preoperatively, medical and social surveys were completed by each patient. Demographics, comorbidity scores, hospital course, postdischarge disposition, and readmissions were collected.

Results:
The average length of stay was 1.6 days (0 to 7). There was an association with utilization of home care or inpatient rehabilitation and both the medical (7.3 versus 3.9; P = 0.0002) and social (7.1 versus 3.4; P < 0.0001) components of the survey. There was a weak correlation between hospital length of stay and the social component of the survey (R = 0.29; P < 0.001), but not the medical component (R = 0.04; P = 0.38). No variable was predictive of readmission. Social score of eight was found to be predictive of postoperative requirement of home care or rehabilitation.

Conclusion:
This study found that Medical and Social Survey Scores can stratify patients who are at risk of requiring more advanced postdischarge care and/or a longer hospital stay. With this, we can match patients to the most appropriate level of postoperative care.
Effect of Scaffolding Instructional Strategies on Pupils’ Attitude to Basic Science and Technology in Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors: Princewill Okechukwu Ejekwu, 
Published: January 2020

This study examined the effect of scaffolding instructional strategies on pupils’ attitude to Basic Science and Technology in public primary schools in Rivers State. Four purpose and four null hypotheses guided the study. Non-randomized pretest, posttest control group experimental design was adopted for the study. The population consisted of 42,409 basic four pupils; 147 pupils in the intact classes of the sampled schools using simple random sampling technique served as sample. The modified Fennema-Sherman Attitude Scale was used for data collection. The data was analyzed using Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA). The findings of the study revealed that there is a significant difference in the Basic Science attitude mean score of pupils taught with modeling and cueing questions and those taught with conventional method; the Basic Science attitude mean scores of boys and girls, high achievers and low achievers taught with modeling and cueing questions do not differ significantly with those taught with conventional method; there is no significant interaction effect of treatment, gender and achievement levels on the attitude of pupils towards Basic Science and Technology (BST). Recommendations were made which include that scaffolding instructional strategy should be used in classroom teaching/learning interaction to enhance the teaching and learning of pupils as well as improve their attitude towards Basic Science and Technology.
Anti-oxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activity of Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Moringa oleifera Flowers
Authors: Rajeshkanna A. , M. Senthamilselvi M. , Prabhakaran D. 
Published: January 2020

Aims: To investigate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of ethyl acetate extract of Moringa oleifera flowers.
Place and Duration of Study: The research work was carried out at Research laboratory, Department of chemistry, Periyar E.V.R College, Trichy-23, between April 2017 and January 2018.
Methodology: Extraction and fractionation were carried out from the solvents of ethanol, benzene, petroleum ether, diethyl ether and ethyl acetate. The anti-inflammatory effect of the extract was investigated by HRBC membrane stabilization and Albumin denaturation methods. Anti-oxidant effect of the extract was determined by DPPH assay and ABTS method.
Results: The dry sample extracted from the ethyl acetate fraction of Moringa oleifera flowers possess highly anti-oxidant activity showed by the DPPH assay and ABTS method and also having anti-inflammatory activity is determined by human red blood cell (HRBC) membrane stabilization and Albumin denaturation methods. However, these effects need to be confirmed using in vivo models and clinical trials before its utilization as a therapeutic agent.
Conclusion: The present study was concluded that the dry sample of ethyl acetate fraction of Moringa oleifera flowers possesses effective anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.
Investigation of Olfactory Function Following Septorhinoplasty in Iranian Population by Rapid Smell Test (RST)
Authors: Yarahmadi Amir , Kamrava Kamran , Shafee Ali , Milanifard Maryam , Aghajanpour Mohammad , Mohebbi Alireza 
Published: January 2020

Introduction: All surgical procedures on nose affect the olfactory function to some extent. There are different viewpoints about olfactory function after septorhinoplasty. We aim to investigate smell perception changes in patients following septorhinoplasty. In this study the use of Rapid Smell Test (RST) as a fast and reliable clinical tool was investigated.
Methods: A prospective cohort study was done in Rasool Akram teaching hospital in 2018 and 2019. Group of 74 septorhinoplasty candidates aged over 18 was selected by convenience. Persian Smell Identification Test (PSIT) and rapid smell test (RST) was obtained from patients before surgery and one month after, if needed three months after and six months after. In addition for patients with dysfunction in any of follow up periods (one month, 3 months and 6 months after surgery) smell magnitude test (SMT) was used. All data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences, version 24.0 (IBM SPSS Statistics Inc., Chicago, IL, USA).
Results: Out of 74 patients participating in this study 67 were female. Mean age of 25.68±5.18 years was recorded for participants. All patients before surgery had PSIT score more than 19 and the mean PSIT score before operation was 22.63±1.39. Also all patients scored 5 out of 5 in RST before surgery. Mean PSIT score one month after surgery decreased to 22.21±2.20 but still 93 percent (69 patients) of participants were in range for normal olfactory function. We recorded this to be significant (p value = 0.044). RST after one month showed the same results. The difference between RST before and after surgery was also significant (p value = 0.024). For those 5 patients with abnormal olfactory function PSIT and RST were done 3 months after operation which determines normal olfactory function for all of them. As well as PSIT, RST also shows the same results and five participants recorded 5 out of 5 three months after surgery.
Conclusion: This study showed changes in olfactory function after septorhinoplasty will resolve at most 3 months after surgery and it is safe to say there is no effect on olfactory function three months after operation. Also we demonstrated that RST can be a fast and reliable tool for assessing patients’ olfactory function in clinical setting.
Exosome‐delivered circRNA promotes glycolysis to induce chemoresistance through the miR‐122‐PKM2 axis in colorectal cancer
Authors: Wang Xinyi , Zhang Haiyang , Yang Haiou , Bai Ming , Ning Tao , Deng Ting , Liu Rui , Fan Qian , Zhu Kegan , Li Jialu , Zhan Yang , Ying Guoguang , Ba Yi 
Published: January 2020

Malignant tumors, including colorectal cancer (CRC), usually rely on ATP generation through aerobic glycolysis for both rapid growth and chemotherapy resistance. The M2 isoform of pyruvate kinase (PKM2) has a key role in catalyzing glycolysis, and PKM2 expression varies even within a single tumor. In this study, we confirmed that expression of PKM2 is heterogeneous in CRC cells, namely high in oxaliplatin‐resistant cells but relatively low in sensitive cells, and found that chemoresistant cells had enhanced glycolysis and ATP production. In addition, we report a PKM2‐dependent mechanism through which chemosensitive cells may gradually transform into chemoresistant cells. The circular RNA hsa_circ_0005963 (termed ciRS‐122 in this study), which was determined to be a sponge for the PKM2‐targeting miR‐122, was positively correlated with chemoresistance. In vitro and in vivo studies showed that exosomes from oxaliplatin‐resistant cells delivered ciRS‐122 to sensitive cells, thereby promoting glycolysis and drug resistance through miR‐122 sponging and PKM2 upregulation. Moreover, si‐ciRS‐122 transported by exosomes could suppress glycolysis and reverse resistance to oxaliplatin by regulating the ciRS‐122–miR‐122–PKM2 pathway in vivo. Exosomes derived from chemoresistant CRC cells could transfer ciRS‐122 across cells and promote glycolysis to reduce drug susceptibility in chemosensitive cells. This intercellular signal delivery suggests a potential novel therapeutic target and establishes a foundation for future clinical applications in drug‐resistant CRC.