bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
P1463Regional variation in survival rates among primary prevention implantable cardioverter-defibrillator recipients in Eastern and Northern Europe POLKARD Polish ICD Registry perspective
Authors: Warchol I , Lubinski A , Sterlinski M , Kowalski O , Goscinska-Bis K , Pytkowski M , Mitkowski P , Kazmierczak J , Szwed H , Przybylski A , Trusz-Gluza M , Kempa M , Zienciuk-Krajka A , Sielski S , Pazdyga A 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
None.

OnBehalf
POLKARD Polish ICD Registry

Objective
The findings of Danish Study to assess the efficiency of ICD in patients with non ischemic heart failure has recently raised questions about the current strategy of ICD implantation for the primary prevention of sudden cardiac death. POLKARD - Polish ICD Registry is a prospective, non-randomised, central registry of patients who are referred for an implantation of an ICD in Poland. The Registry contains prospectively collected follow-up data including mortality.

Purpose
To compare survival rates between Polish and Danish ‘real-world’ non-ischemic primary prevention cohorts.

Methods
Retrospective analysis of clinical characteristics and long-term follow-up of patients referred for primary prophylactic implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) implantation in Poland between April 2008 and November 2014 was performed. The primary outcome of the trial was all-cause mortality. Results: The polish study cohort was large (964) as compared to Danish population randomized to receive ICD therapy (556). The median follow-up time in DANISH Study and Polish ICD Registry was 67,6 and 77 months, respectively. Compared with patients enrolled in the DANISH Study, patients in the Polish ICD Registry were age-similar. However, the polish study population was male-dominated. What is more, male gender was identified as a risk factor for long-term mortality in polish study population (p = 0.005). In the matched cohorts, there was difference in survival between DANISH Study and Polish ICD Registry patients (all-cause mortality rates: 21,6% - 44 events per 1000 person-years and 39,3% - 72 events per 1000 person-years, respectively).

Conclusions
Our findings imply that survival among patients who receive a primary prevention ICD for non-ischemic cardiomyopathy in clinical practice in Central Europe is different from Northern Europe.
P931Assosiation of the levels of galectin-3 and MMP-1 with the type of myocardial dyssynchrony in patients with heart failure and concomitant type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Rudenko T , Bilchenko O V , Khvysiuk M O , Karami Saliba D Y 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background
Myocardial dyssynchrony leads to heart remodeling and the progression of heart failure (HF) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Studying the mechanisms of the development of myocardial dyssynchrony can help in timely diagnosis and treatment.

Aims
To study the association of the level of galectin-3 and matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP-1) and the type of myocardial dyssynchrony in patients with heart failure and concomitant type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Methods
98 patients with heart failure and concomitant type 2 diabetes mellitus were examined, average age (67.45 + 10.32) years. Patients were divided into two groups due to the presence or absence of myocardial dyssynchrony: the first group: with myocardial dyssynchrony (n = 56), the second group: patients without myocardial dyssynchrony ( n = 42). All patients were examined for electrical (enhanced QRS ≥ 120 ms) and mechanical myocardial dyssynchrony using echocardiographic and electrocardiographic methods for assessing intraventricular, interventricular, atrioventricular and combined myocardial dyssynchrony, as well as serum concentration of fibrosis markers - galectin-3 and MMP-1. The determination of percentage of interstitial collagen volume fraction (CVF) was performed in both groups.

Results
To determine the levels of fibrosis markers depending on the presence of diabetes, the results of patients with myocardial dyssynchrony (n = 56) were compared with the results of the control group without myocardial dyssynchrony (n = 42). In patients with myocardial dyssynchrony, there was an increase in the levels of galectin-3 (7.49 + 0.6 ng / ml) and CVF (7.6 ± 4.03%), a decrease in MMP-1 (0.46 + 0.2 ng / ml ) compared with the group without myocardial dyssynchrony (p &lt;0.05). An increase in galectin-3 levels was observed in the presence of combined forms of myocardial dyssynchrony. In patients with a combination of intraventricular, interventricular, or atrioventricular myocardial dyssynchrony (n = 28), the levels of galectin-3 (9.03 + 0.3 ng / ml) and CVF (8.04 + 1.6%) were the highest; in patients with isolated forms of myocardial dyssynchrony, the levels of galectin-3 (6.67 + 0.2 ng / ml) and CVF (6,93 + 1,4%) were significantly lower. MMP-1 was greater in patients with isolated forms of myocardial dyssynchrony (0.78 + 0.2 ng / ml), compared with patients with combined forms of myocardial dyssynchrony (0.2 + 0.01 ng / ml) (p &lt;0.05 ).

Conclusions
An association is observed between myocardial dyssynchrony and the levels of galectin-3 and MMP-1 in the blood. These findings are important for prognostic implications and require further research.
P1428The outcome of atrial fibrillation ablation in patients undergoing radiofrequency ablation, guided by novel indices incorporating force, time and power
Authors: Rattanakosit T , Franke K , Marshall H , Agbaedeng T , Sanders P , Lau D , Mahajan R 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background
Ablation index (AI) and Lesion Size Index (LSI) are novel parameters that incorporates contact force, time, and power in a weighted formula. Recent studies have shown that such indices predict lesion size and durability of pulmonary vein isolation (PVI). However, the outcomes of ablation guided by indices of force-time-power, such as PV reconnections and atrial fibrillation recurrence, have not been well characterised.

Objectives
To determine the association between indices of force-time-power and acute PV reconnections, procedure and fluoroscopy time and AF recurrence in patients undergoing radiofrequency PVI.

Methods
PUBMED and EMBASE were searched using the terms "catheter ablation" AND "Ablation index" OR "Contact force" OR "Force time integral" OR "lesion size" from inception through 22 May 2019. Studies reporting the procedure time, ablation time, fluoroscopy time, and incidence of AI acute and late reconnection and AF recurrence were included.

Result
Six studies were included in this study with 530 patients, which n = 416 were paroxysmal AF and 114 non-paroxysmal AF. All procedural characteristics (procedure, radiofrequency, and fluoroscopy times) were similar between AI guided and non-AI guided ablation (p &gt; 0.05). Two studies comparing mean PV reconnections in AI guided vs. AI Blinded. Two studies compared minimum AI in reconnected vs. non-reconnected PV segments. Acute PV segment reconnection was associated with a lower minimum AI vs. non-reconnection. In 3 studies reporting AI guided vs. AI blinded ablations, AI was associated with an increased freedom from AF after average follow-up of 12 months.

Conclusions
Radiofrequency ablation guided by AI/LSI was associated with lower acute PV reconnection rates and improved AF freedom after PVI. There was no difference in fluoroscopy, ablation or procedure time with the use of these novel parameters.
Abstract Figure.
P1444Empirical Slow Pathway Ablation in Documented but Noninducible PSVT
Authors: Vasheghanifarahani A , Tabrizi MARYAM , Sadeghian SAEID , Bozorgi A L I , Kazemisaeid A L I , Davoodi GHOLAM , Jalali ARASH , Yamini Sharif AHMAD 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
This study was not funded

Background
The empirical slow pathway ablation /modification (ESPA/M) is often applied to a documented but noninducible supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) in the electrophysiology study (EPS). A clinical paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT) cannot be induced renders the therapeutic end point of radiofrequency catheter ablation difficult. The data supporting the ESPA/M in adult patients are limited. The aim of this study was to assess the clinical efficacy and safety of the ESPA/M in adults.

Methods
A retrospective study of symptomatic patients with ECG- or Holter-documented PSVTs who underwent the ESPA/M in our department between May 2011 and March 2018 was performed. A telephone questionnaire was conducted for follow-up. Recurrence was based on preprocedural symptoms and/or ECG documentation.

Results
152 (5%) out of 3018 Slow pathway ablation /modification (SPA/M) procedures were identified as the ESPA/M. The mean age of the study population was 51 (range = 16–82) years, and 62% of the subjects were female. Thirty-eight (25%) patients had a atrium-His (AH) jumps only, 90 (59.2%) had AH jumps plus a single or 2 atrioventricular nodal echo beats (AVNEBs), 17 (11.2%) had a single or 2 AVNEBs without AH jumps, and 7 (4.6%) had no AH jumps or AVNEBs by programmed electrical stimulation at baseline. During a mean follow-up period of 43 months (6–81 mon), 92% of the patients benefited from the procedure (full elimination of symptoms in 80.3% and an improvement in clinical symptoms in 11.7%). The symptomatic recurrence rate, defined as preprocedural symptoms and any documented arrhythmia due to an SVT, was 8.1% (11 patients).

Conclusions
The ESPA/M can be performed safely and effectively in patients with documented but noninducible AVNRTs with good long-term results.
P577Effect of adding an implantable cardioverter defibrillator on long-term survival in non-ischemic CRT patients stratified by Goldenberg risk score
Authors: Kosztin A , Schwertner W R , Behon A , Merkel E , Zima E , Geller L , Becker D , Merkely B 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background
There are limited and incomprehensive long-term data on the effects of adding an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) in patients with non-ischemic heart failure.

Purpose
We compared the long-term all-cause mortality and relative risk reduction in mortality of non-ischemic patients after CRT-P vs. CRT-D implantation stratified by their Goldenberg risk score.

Methods
In our retrospective registry, data of 1196 non-ischemic patients who underwent CRT implantation between 2000 to 2018 were collected. Goldenberg sudden cardiac risk score was calculated by the presence of atrial fibrillation, NYHA class &gt; 2, age &gt; 70 years, blood urea nitrogen &gt; 26mg/dl and QRS width.

Results
In our registry from 1196 CRT implanted patients with non-ischemic heart failure, 716 patients had all the required data to calculate the Goldenberg score. From this cohort 379 (53%) had CRT-P and 337 (47%) CRT-D implantation. The mean value of the Goldenberg score was 2.7 in the total cohort, while a significantly higher score was found in the CRT-P group (CRT-P 2.9 ± 1.1 vs. CRT-D 2.5 ± 1.1 p &lt; 0.001). During the median follow-up time of 4.9 years, 345 (48%) patients reached the primary endpoint, 220 patients (64%) with CRT-P and 125 patients (36%) with CRT-D. After comparing patients by low (≤3) and high (&gt;3) Goldenberg score, we found that CRT-D patients with lower risk score showed mortality benefit compared to CRT-P (HR 0.69; 95%, CI 0.53-0.89; p = 0.001). In the contrary there was no apparent mortality benefit in CRT-D patients compared to CRT-P when high Goldenberg score subgroup was analyzed (HR 0.99; 95%, CI 0.67-1.45; p = 0.95).

Conclusions
In non-ischemic heart failure patients, Goldenberg sudden cardiac risk score can be also applied. In CRT-D patients those with less co-morbidities and lower (≤3) Goldenberg risk score showed mortality benefit compared to CRT-P patients, while among patients with higher score (&gt;3) adding an ICD had no additional effect on all-cause mortality.
P1179Transvenous extraction of partially controlled leads
Authors: Benak A , Bencsik G , Makai A , Pap R , Klausz G , Kohari M , Miklos M , Saghy L 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background
Lead control has an essential role in successful transvenous lead extraction (TLE), however, there is limited data about leads without adequate control

Objective
The aim of the study was to assess the success rate, complexity, and safety of partially controlled lead extraction.

Methods
A single-center retrospective analysis of consecutive patients underwent TLE procedures was performed.

Results
From May 2012 to Aug 2019, 137 consecutive patients (76% male, mean age: 65 ± 15 years) underwent TLE procedures (273 leads, 93% infective indication, 37% with high voltage leads). Locking stylet was used in 83% (n = 224) of the leads. Advancement of the locking stylet all the way to the tip was not possible in 30.4% (n = 68) of the leads, resulting in partial control (LC- group). The mean age of the lead was significantly higher (11.06 +/- vs 7.76 +/- 6.3, p = 0.001) and the success rate was lower (76.1 % vs 93.2%, p = 0.001) in LC-. The need for femoral approach was more frequently in LC- leads (36.9% vs 16.2%, P= 0.001). Inadequate lead control was an independent predictor of lead extraction failure (OR: 5.27, 95% CI: 1.71-5.27, p= 0.004) and femoral approach (OR: 2.1, 95% CI: 1.054-4.08, p= 0.035). Three out of five major complications occurred in LC- group.

Conclusions
Partial lead control results in lower success rate and more complex TLE procedures.
P396Impact of re-definition of paroxysmal and persistent atrial fibrillation in the 2012 and 2016 ESC atrial fibrillation guidelines on outcomes after cryoballoon pulmonary vein
Authors: Aktolga D , Weinmann K , Rattka M , Bothner C , Stephan T , Pott A , Rottbauer W , Dahme T 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Introduction – In the 2016 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation (AF) the definition of AF type has been modified compared to the 2010 guidelines and its 2012 focused update.
Purpose – Our aim was to compare the difference of single procedure outcomes using the definitions before and after 2016 on a cohort of patients with AF undergoing cryoballoon pulmonary vein isolation (PVI).
Methods – Consecutive PVI patients with paroxysmal or persistent AF were retrospectively reclassified applying the 2010, 2012 and 2016 ESC definitions on AF type.
Results – 628 patients were included in the analysis. Applying the 2010 ESC AF guidelines definition, 68% (425/628) of patients were categorized as paroxysmal and 32% (203/628) as persistent AF. According to the 2012 focused update 77% (485/628) are labeled paroxysmal and 23% (143/628) are persistent AF. Applying the 2016 ESC AF guidelines, the proportion of patients with paroxysmal AF increased to 87% (546/628) of patients and the patients with persistent AF decreased to 13% (82/628).
Comparing the 2010 and 2016 ESC AF type definitions, 123 patients shift from the 2010 persistent group to the 2016 paroxysmal group. Age, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), LA diameter and CHA2DS2-VASc Score differ significantly between paroxysmal and persistent AF patients according to the 2010, 2012, and 2016 AF type classification. Regarding outcomes, recurrence rates of paroxysmal and persistent AF patients differ significantly in Kaplan-Meier estimation applying the 2010 ESC guidelines definition (log-rank p &lt; 0.001). Applying the 2012 focused update and the 2016 ESC AF guidelines recurrence rates do not differ significantly. Persistent AF has been shown repeatedly to be a predictor of arrhythmia recurrence in PVI studies. In a cox regression model applying the 2010 guidelines, persistent AF is the only independent predictor for AF recurrence in our cohort. However, when applying the 2016 guidelines persistent AF is no longer a predictor for AF recurrence.
Conclusion – The revised definition of AF types in the 2016 ESC AF guidelines leads to a marked shift from persistent to paroxysmal AF. It appears that the old definition was a better separator to predict rhythm outcome after PVI.
Predicting Vibrio cholerae Infection and Disease Severity Using Metagenomics in a Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Levade Inès , Saber Morteza M , Midani Firas S , Chowdhury Fahima , Khan Ashraful I , Begum Yasmin A , Ryan Edward T , David Lawrence A , Calderwood Stephen B , Harris Jason B , LaRocque Regina C , Qadri Firdausi , Shapiro B Jesse , Weil Ana A 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background
Susceptibility to Vibrio cholerae infection is affected by blood group, age, and preexisting immunity, but these factors only partially explain who becomes infected. A recent study used 16S ribosomal RNA amplicon sequencing to quantify the composition of the gut microbiome and identify predictive biomarkers of infection with limited taxonomic resolution.

Methods
To achieve increased resolution of gut microbial factors associated with V. cholerae susceptibility and identify predictors of symptomatic disease, we applied deep shotgun metagenomic sequencing to a cohort of household contacts of patients with cholera.

Results
Using machine learning, we resolved species, strains, gene families, and cellular pathways in the microbiome at the time of exposure to V. cholerae to identify markers that predict infection and symptoms. Use of metagenomic features improved the precision and accuracy of prediction relative to 16S sequencing. We also predicted disease severity, although with greater uncertainty than our infection prediction. Species within the genera Prevotella and Bifidobacterium predicted protection from infection, and genes involved in iron metabolism were also correlated with protection.

Conclusion
Our results highlight the power of metagenomics to predict disease outcomes and suggest specific species and genes for experimental testing to investigate mechanisms of microbiome-related protection from cholera.
Observations and analysis of absorption lines including J = K rotational levels of CH3CN: the envelope of Sagittarius B2(M)
Authors: Araki Mitsunori , Takano Shuro , Kuze Nobuhiko , Minami Yoshiaki , Oyama Takahiro , Kamegai Kazuhisa , Sumiyoshi Yoshihiro , Tsukiyama Koichi 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT
Molecules in diffuse and translucent clouds experience cooling as a result of radiation and less excitation from collisions. However, rotation around a molecular axis of acetonitrile, CH3CN, cannot be cooled by radiation, causing rotational populations to concentrate at the J = K levels. We aim to search for absorption lines of CH3CN having J = K level concentrations in diffuse and translucent clouds. The JK = 43–33 transition at 73.6 GHz was investigated toward Sgr B2(M) in the Galactic Centre region and other sources, using the Nobeyama 45-m telescope. Based on the absorption lines detected toward Sgr B2(M), a radiation temperature of 2.8 ± 0.5 K, kinetic temperature of 88 ± 29 K and column density of (1.35 ± 0.14) × 1014 cm−2 were derived for this molecule, revealing extremely concentrated J = K levels due to the lower excitation temperature and higher kinetic temperature. The absorption lines occurred at a velocity of 64 km s−1. The results confirm that CH3CN with J = K level concentrations exists in the envelope of Sgr B2(M).
Constraining X-ray reflection in the low-luminosity AGN NGC 3718 using NuSTAR and XMM–Newton
Authors: Diaz Y , Arévalo P , Hernández-García L , Bassani L , Malizia A , González-Martín O , Ricci C , Matt G , Stern D , May D , Zezas A , Bauer F E 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT
One distinctive feature of low-luminosity active galactic nuclei (LLAGNs) is the relatively weak reflection features they may display in the X-ray spectrum, which can result from the disappearance of the torus with decreasing accretion rates. Some material, however, must surround the active nucleus, i.e. the accretion flow itself and, possibly, a flattened-out or thinned torus. In this work, we study whether reflection is indeed absent or undetectable due to its intrinsically weak features together with the low statistics inherent to LLAGNs. Here, we focus on NGC 3718 (L/LEdd ∼ 10−5) combining observations from XMM–Newton and the deepest to date NuSTAR (0.5–79 keV) spectrum of a LLAGNs, to constrain potential reflectors, and analyse how the fitted coronal parameters depend on the reflection model. We test models representing both an accretion disc (Relxill) and a torus-like (MYTorus and Borus) neutral reflector. From a statistical point of view, reflection is not required, but its inclusion allows to place strong constraints on the geometry and physical features of the surroundings: both neutral reflectors (torus) tested should be Compton thin (NH &lt; 1023.2cm−2) and preferentially cover a large fraction of the sky. If the reflected light instead arises from an ionized reflector, a highly ionized case is preferred. These models produce an intrinsic power-law spectral index in the range [1.81–1.87], where the torus models result in steeper slopes. The cut-off energy of the power-law emission also changes with the inclusion of reflection models, resulting in constrained values for the disc reflectors and unconstrained values for torus reflectors.
Introduction
Authors: Joslyn Mark R. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The introduction to this book defines the gun gap, which refers to differences in political behavior and attitudes between gun owners and nonowners. In addition, the introduction establishes why the gun gap is important for understanding modern mass politics. Election analysts and scholars typically overlook the gun gap, but it is an essential explanation for an impressive range of political behaviors and attitudes, including voter choice and turnout, perceptions of personal and public safety, preferences for gun control policies, and support for the death penalty and other punitive measures. Finally, the introduction outlines the book chapters, discussing key theories and findings.
Feelings toward gun owners
Authors: Joslyn Mark R. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Chapter 5 examines the portrayal of gun owners and considers how this may impact people feelings toward them. Prior studies show that people consult their feelings when estimating risk—labeled the affect heuristic. Statistical analyses demonstrate that people’s feelings (favorable or unfavorable) toward gun owners powerfully determine their assessments of personal and public safety. If people favor gun owners, they believe concealed carry laws improve public safety and guns are not threats to personal security. If people dislike gun owners, they feel threatened by guns and disapprove of concealed carry policies. An interpretation of this finding suggests that people are not necessarily threatened by guns but rather by people who own guns.
“Peculiar ‘Til I D.I.E.”
Authors: Jones Alisha Lola 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Focusing on Washington, DC’s gospel go-go music scene in the early 2000s, chapter 4 highlights the role of an understudied popular music in performances of socioculturally preferred black male homosociality. This chapter examines men’s performances against the stereotype of the softer, woman-like, flamboyant male vocalist through research on a percussion-heavy music from Washington, DC called gospel go-go. In essence, the go-go music band is a symbolic composite of perspectives associated with the unmarked male-dominant categories of the musicians’ pit and absentee men, who are talking back, providing musical contestation of the duplicitous preacher and choir director stereotypes. Chapter 4 aims to shed light on the musical and performative properties of male homomusicoenrapture and homosonoenrapture, the same-gender musical and sonic textures and visual dynamics that stimulate intense enjoyment while enveloping and propelling gospel go-go participants.