bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Age, absolute CD4 count, and CD4 percentage in relation to HPV infection and the stage of cervical disease in HIV-1-positive women
Authors: Chambuso Ramadhani , Ramesar Raj , Kaambo Evelyn , Murahwa Alltalents T. , Abdallah Mohammed O.E. , De Sousa Michelle , Denny Lynette , Williamson Anna-Lise , Gray Clive M. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA subgroup of women who are co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and human papillomavirus (HPV), progress rapidly to cervical disease. We characterized HPV genotypes within cervical tumor biopsies, assessed the relationships of cervical disease stage with age, HIV-1 status, absolute CD4 count, and CD4 percentage, and identified the predictive power of these variables for cervical disease stage in a cohort of South African women.We recruited 181 women who were histologically diagnosed with cervical disease; 87 were HIV-1-positive and 94 were HIV-1-seronegative. Colposcopy-directed tumor biopsies were confirmed by histology and used for genomic DNA extraction. The Roche Linear Array HPV genotyping test was used for HPV genotyping. Peripheral whole blood was used for HIV-1 rapid testing. Fully automated FC500MPL/CellMek with PanLeucogate (PLG) was used to determine absolute CD4 count, CD4 percentage, and CD45 count. Chi-squared test, a logistic regression model, parametric Pearson correlation, and ROC curves were used for statistical analyses. We used the Benjamini-Horchberg test to control for false discovery rate (FDR, q-value). All tests were significant when bothPand q were <.05.Age was a significant predictor for invasive cervical cancer (ICC) in both HIV-1-seronegative (P < .0001, q < 0.0001) and HIV-1-positive women (P= .0003, q = 0.0003). Sixty eight percent (59/87) of HIV-1-positive women with different stages of cervical disease presented with a CD4 percentage equal or less than 28%, and a median absolute CD4 count of 400 cells/μl (IQR 300–500 cells/μl). Of the HIV-1-positive women, 75% (30/40) with ICC, possessed ≤28% CD4 cells vs 25% (10/40) who possessed >28% CD4 cells (bothP < .001, q < 0.001). Furthermore, 70% (28/40) of women with ICC possessed CD4 count >350 compared to 30% (12/40) who possessed CD4 count ≤ 350 (bothP < .001, q < 0.001).Age is an independent predictor for ICC. In turn, development of ICC in HIV-1-positive women is independent of the host CD4 cells and associates with low CD4 percentage regardless of absolute CD4 count that falls within the normal range. Thus, using CD4 percentage may add a better prognostic indicator of cervical disease stage than absolute CD4 count alone.
The aura of malignant tumor
Authors: Li Weizheng , Wu Changliang , Qin Mengbin , Cai Fuqing , Huang Jiean 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe global incidence of pyogenic liver abscess (PLA) is increasing, but related reports of malignant tumor-related PLA are infrequent. Potential malignant tumors of PLA have been reported, but there is no relevant predictive model for this subsection of patients.To explore the risk factors of malignant tumor-related PLA.A retrospective analysis about a total of 881 patients who had been diagnosed with PLA from January 2005 to May 2018 was performed. The incidence of malignant tumor-related PLA in the study was 9.99% (88/881) out of all PLA cases. And that of potential malignant tumors with PLA was 4.65% (41/881). There were 62 patients with malignant tumor-related PLA in the observation group, while 146 cases without malignant tumor-related PLA were considered as control group. The data from 52 cases of malignant tumor and nonmalignant tumor-related PLA was verified.The malignant tumor type was mainly hepatobiliary malignant tumor, which occupies 72.3% (45/62) in all malignant tumor related PLA cases used to the model. Compared with nonmalignant tumor group, the rate of ineffective and mortality was higher in the malignant tumor group [19.4%(12/62) vs 7.5%(11/148),P = .01]. Multivariate analysis suggested that hepatobiliary interventional therapy or surgery, hepatitis B virus infection, multiple abscesses, portal embolism, and bile duct dilatation were independent risk factors for potential malignant tumors within the patients who combined with PLA.PLA could be considered as an early warning sign of potential malignant tumors. Malignant tumor-related PLA had a poor prognosis. Patients with PLA who have more than one independent risk factor or logit(P) > −1.694 may be considered as the high risk group for potential hepatobiliary or colorectal malignant tumors.
Taxane-based or platinum-based combination chemotherapy given concurrently with radiation followed by surgery resulting in high cure rates in esophageal cancer patients
Authors: Lopez Anthony , Harada Kazuto , Chen Hsiang-Chun , Bhutani Manoop S. , Weston Brian , Lee Jeffrey H. , Maru Dipen M. , Chin Foo Wai , Rogers Jane E. , Thomas Irene , Amlashi Fatemeh G. , Blum-Murphy Mariela A. , Rice David C. , Zhao Meina , Hofstetter Wayne L. , Nguyen Quynh , Ajani Jaffer A. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackground:Preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is one standard option for localized esophageal or gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) cancer patients but an optimal concurrent chemotherapy combination is not established.Methods:412 patients with resectable (cT1N1M0 or cT2-4N0-3M0) esophageal or GEJ cancer treated at the MDACC between October 2002 and June 2016 were analyzed. Exposures: CRT with DF or FOX followed by surgery (trimodality; TMT). Main outcomes and measures: Primary endpoints were overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). Univariate and multivariate Cox analyses were performed.Results:Of the 412 patients analyzed, 264 (64%) received DF and 148 (36%) FOX. The median age was 60 years, and 95% had adenocarcinoma. The clinical complete response, positron-emission tomography response, and pathologic complete response rates were 73%, 73%, and 30%, respectively. Median follow-up was 60.4 months. Median OS for the entire cohort was 81.6 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 56.3–122.0); 81.6 months (95% CI, 55.9–not estimable) for the DF group and 67.7 months (95% CI, 41.6–not estimable) for the FOX group (P = .24). The median DFS was 45.6 months (95% CI, 33.1–61.7) for the entire cohort; 49.5 months (95% CI, 38.6–70.3) for DF and 33.0 months (95% CI, 18.1–70.4;P = .38) for FOX. Higher tumor location (unfavorable) and clinical complete response (favorable) were prognostic for both OS and DFS in the multivariate analysis.Conclusion:At our high-volume center, the outcome of 412 TMT esophageal cancer patients was excellent. Taxane-based chemotherapy produces nonsignificant favorable trend.
Anxiety evaluation in Nepalese adult patients awaiting cardiac surgery
Authors: Sigdel Shailendra , Ozaki Akihiko , Basnet Madindra , Kobashi Yurie , Pradhan Bishwas , Higuchi Asaka , Uprety Anup 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Perioperative anxiety could negatively affect surgery outcomes, and cardiac diseases have long been known to be an independent risk factor for anxiety development. However, little is known about preoperative anxiety in Nepalese adult cardiac patients waiting for surgery. The primary objectives of this study were to: (1) clarify the levels of preoperative anxiety in Nepalese adult cardiac patients waiting for open heart surgery; (2) identify factors associated with preoperative anxiety; and (3) evaluate any possible factors associated with patients’ desire to obtain information related to their heart surgery.
This is a prospective observational study for patients already scheduled for cardiac surgery at a core medical institution in Kathmandu, Nepal. We collected sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of the patients from their medical charts, and assessed their preoperative anxiety using the Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale. We performed descriptive analyses of the collected data. Further, we employed regression models to assess to the objectives of the study.
In total, 140 patients participated, and data of 123 (87.9%) were used for analysis. 58.5% of the participants had preoperative anxiety. Female gender (OR 0.31, 95% CI 0.15–0.65, P < .001) and past anesthesia exposure (OR 2.38, 95% CI 1.01–5.62, P < .05) were identified as risk factors for developing anxiety before cardiac surgery. Further, female gender (IRR 0.80, 95% CI 0.67–0.94, P < .001), higher education levels (IRR 1.18, 95% CI 1.01–1.40, P < .05), and higher preoperative anxiety (IRR 1.44, 95% CI 1.21–1.73, P < .001) could lead to higher levels of desire to acquire information related to the procedure.
The study concluded that more than a half of the cardiac surgery patients experiences preoperative anxiety; female gender and having past anesthesia exposure are the risk factors. Anxious patients have more desire to acquire knowledge about the procedure. Thus, the evaluation and adequate management of preoperative anxiety should be proposed in high-risk groups.
A systematic review and meta-analysis for Chinese herbal medicine Duhuo Jisheng decoction in treatment of lumbar disc herniation
Authors: Sun Kai , Huang Fasen , Qi Baoyu , Yin He , Tang Bin , Yang Bowen , Chen Lin , Zhuang Minghui , Wei Xu , Zhu Liguo 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background:
Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) is 1 of the most common diseases in orthopedics, which seriously affects people's daily life and brings a heavy burden on society and families. Chinese herbal medicine has been used in clinical practice for a long time and Duhuo Jisheng Decoction (DHJSD) is believed to help alleviate the symptoms of LDH. This systematic review aims to collect evidences from randomized clinical trials and evaluate the efficacy of DHJSD on LDH in order to provide a reference for clinicians and researchers.

Methods:
We will comprehensively search the 8 electronic databases until December 2019 to identify related randomized controlled trials, including 4 foreign databases (PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library) and 4 Chinese databases (China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database, VIP Database, Wanfang Database and China Biology Medicine disc). The data of the World Health Organization International Clinical Trial Registry Platform and the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry also will be searched. The primary outcomes are Japanese Orthopaedic Association scores and visual analog scale scores. The risk of bias will be assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration tool. RevMan (V.5.3) software will be used for meta-analysis.

Results:
This study will report the results of DHJSD for the treatment of LDH from the literature screening, the basic information of the included studies, the risk of bias of the included studies, treatment effects, safety, and so on.

Conclusion:
This systematic review will evaluate the effectiveness and safety of DHJSD for the treatment of LDH and provide the latest evidence for its clinical application.

Ethics and dissemination:
This is a literature-based study, therefore it does not require ethical approval.

PROSPERO registration number:
CRD42019147302.
Randomized controlled trial for the efficacy of electroacupuncture in the treatment of urge urinary incontinence
Authors: Huang Yu , Qi Shuangjin , Wu Xianming , Zhi Na , He Ting , Shen Miaoxian , Yang Shuo , Mo Qian 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background:
Despite that the urge urinary incontinence (UUI) is a nonfatal disease, it can lead to anxiety, embarrassment and depression to the patient. UUI is a common public health problem that can significantly affect the quality of life of the patient. Several conservative treatments have been recommended for the treatment of UUI; however, their efficiency remains unclear, leaving the disease without a real effective treatment. The clinical application of acupuncture to treat UUI is currently considered an effective approach despite the limited evidence that support its efficiency. The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy and safety of electroacupuncture therapy in the treatment of UUI.

Methods and analysis:
A randomized, parallel, controlled study will be performed. Patients with UUI treated with electroacupuncture group (EA) will compare with the sham-treated sham EA (SA) patients. A total of 100 participants with UUI will be randomly allocated to either the EA or the SA group with a 1:1 ratio. The treatment of UUI patients will performed 3 times per week, for 8 weeks in 30-minute sessions. At the end of the treatment the patients will be followed-up until week 32. The primary outcomes include scores of incontinence questionnaire-short form, the average 24-hour urgency incontinence episodes, and the average 24-hour urge episodes responses from baseline until the 4th, 8th , 24th, and 32nd week. The secondary outcomes included the average 24-hour urine volume and the average 24-hour micturition frequency responses from baseline until the 8th and 32nd week, as well as the change in incontinence quality of life scores from baseline at the 8th and 32nd week. In addition, the degree of satisfaction of the participants undergoing acupuncture treatment will be measured at the 4th and 8th week. The participants’ clinical acupuncture expectations were evaluated at baseline, and the questionnaire for urinary incontinence diagnosis was used to identify stress incontinence, mixed urinary incontinence, and urge incontinence at baseline.

Discussion:
This is a randomized, controlled, observer-blinded trial of electroacupuncture treatment for UUI. The results of this trial will provide more evidence on whether electroacupuncture is efficacious for treating UUI.
Increased risk of herpes zoster in patients with peptic ulcers
Authors: Jin Young Ju , Park Bumjung , Park Il-Seok , Choi Hyo Geun 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the association of herpes zoster infection with peptic ulcer disease in a Korean population.
The Korean National Health Insurance Service selects samples directly from the entire Korean population database, and 1,125,691 participants with 114,369,638 medical claim codes were selected from the entire Korean population (50 million). A total of 127,802 peptic ulcer disease participants were matched with 127,802 control participants at a ratio of 1:1, considering age group, sex, income group, region of residence, hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. We analyzed stratified Cox proportional hazard models to calculate the hazard ratios of peptic ulcer with respect to herpes zoster. For subgroup analyses, we divided the participants by age, sex, and time periods after the index date.
The rate of herpes zoster was higher in the peptic ulcer group (9.1% [11,669/127,802]) than in the control group (7.4% [9,397/127,802], P < .001). The adjusted hazard ratio of herpes zoster was 1.24 (95% CI = 1.21–1.28, P < .001). In subgroup analyses performed according to age and sex, all crude and adjusted hazard ratios of herpes zoster were higher in the peptic ulcer disease group than in the control group (each P < .05). In another subgroup analysis according to follow-up periods, the crude and adjusted hazard ratios of herpes zoster were higher in the peptic ulcer disease group than in the control group except for < 1 year periods after the index dates (each P < .001).
The hazard ratios of herpes zoster were significantly increased in the peptic ulcer group compared with those in the control group in all age and sex groups.
Hematological indices as indicators of silent inflammation in achalasia patients
Authors: López-Verdugo Fidel , Furuzawa-Carballeda Janette , Romero-Hernández Fernanda , Coss-Adame Enrique , Valdovinos Miguel A. , Priego-Ranero Angel , Olvera-Prado Héctor , Narváez-Chavez Sofía , Peralta-Figueroa José , Torres-Villalobos Gonzalo 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Complete blood count (CBC)-derived parameters such as neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), eosinophil-to-lymphocyte (ELR) ratio, and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) are sensitive markers of occult inflammation and disease activity for systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, esophageal cancer, etc. We assessed NLR, PLR, MLR, and ELR as indicators of inflammation in achalasia patients.
This cross-sectional study included 103 achalasia patients and 500 healthy blood donor volunteers (HD). Demographic, clinical and laboratory information was collected. NLR, MLR, ELR and PLR were calculated. Peripheral Th22, Th17, Th2 and Th1 subsets were determined by flow cytometry. Correlation between hematologic indices and clinical questionnaires scores, HRM parameters and CD4+ T-cells were assessed. Hematologic parameters associated with the different achalasia subtypes were evaluated by logistic regression analysis.
Hemoglobin, leukocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes, and platelets counts were significantly lower in achalasia patients vs controls. NLR (P = .006) and ELR (P < .05) were higher in achalasia patients vs controls. NLR was significantly associated with achalasia in multivariate analysis (P < .001). Compared to HD, the achalasia group was 1.804 times more likely to have higher NLR (95% CI 1.287–2.59; P < .001). GERD-HRQL score had statistically significant correlations with PLR (Pearson's rho:0.318, P = .003), and ELR (Pearson's rho:0.216; P = .044). No correlation between CD4+ T-cells and hematologic indices were determined. NLR with a cut-off value of ≥2.20 and area under the curve of 0.581 yielded a specificity of 80% and sensitivity of 40%, for the diagnosis of achalasia.
NLR is increased in achalasia patients vs HD. Sensitivity and specificity achieved by NLR may contribute to a clinical and manometric evaluation. We suggest these indices as potential indicators of silent inflammation and disease activity.
Acupoint catgut embedding for insomnia
Authors: Wang Xiaotong , Huang Yinna , Li Minting , Lin Haixiong , Lin Chunni , Yang Weiqin , Ye Xiaopeng 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background:
Insomnia is a common sleep disorder characterized by chronically disturbed sleep or loss of sleep, and even cognitive dysfunction. Acupoint catgut embedding is widely used to treat sleep disorders. However, there is no systematic review and data mining of the effectiveness and potential acupoints prescription of acupoint catgut embedding for insomnia.

Methods:
Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from the Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Springer, Wanfang database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP Chinese Science and Technology Journals Database, and 2 clinical trial registration center will be included. The search time will be established from each database to December 30, 2019. The outcome measures will be Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), clinical effective rate, International Unified Sleep Efficiency Value (IUSEV) and adverse events. Data from RCTs that meets the inclusion criteria will be analyzed through RevMan V.5.3 software. Risk of bias and publication bias will be analyzed to identify the quality of the included studies. Besides, Traditional Chinese Medicine inheritance support system (TCMISS) will be used to analyze the potential acupoints prescriptions.

Results:
This study will clarify PSQI, IUSEV, clinical effective rate, adverse events, and potential acupoint prescriptions of acupoint catgut embedding for patients with insomnia.

Conclusion:
Our study will provide evidence of acupoint catgut embedding for insomnia, which may be beneficial to practitioners in the field of non-pharmacological interventions.
PROSPERO registration number: CRD42019144636.
Relationship between ataxia and inferior cerebellar peduncle injury in patients with cerebral infarct
Authors: Jang Sung Ho , Lee Han Do 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Introduction:
The inferior cerebellar peduncle (ICP) is a major neural tract in the cerebellum and is involved in coordination of movement and proprioceptive; therefore, ICP injury can be accompanied by poor coordination of movement, including ataxia. In this study, using diffusion tensor tractography (DTT), we investigated the relationship between ataxia and ICP injury in patients with cerebral infarct.

Methods:
We recruited 14 stroke patients with ataxia after the onset of stroke and 12 normal subjects. The Score of Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA) was used to evaluate ataxia. The values of fractional anisotropy (FA), apparent diffusion coefficient, and fiber number (FN) of the ICP were measured for the diffusion tensor imaging parameters.

Results:
Significant differences were observed in the FA and FN values of the ICP in the affected hemisphere between the patient and control groups (P < .05). In addition, the FN value of the ICP in the affected hemisphere showed a negative correlation with SARA (r = −0.538, P < .05). However, parameters of the ICP in the unaffected hemisphere or the FN value in the unaffected hemisphere showed no correlation with SARA (P > .05).

Conclusion:
We found that the ataxia severity was closely related to the severity of ICP injury in patients with cerebral infarct. Our results suggest that evaluation of the ICP using DTT would be useful for patients with ataxia after cerebral infarct.
Intralobar pulmonary sequestration with cystic degeneration mimicking a bronchogenic cyst in an elderly patient
Authors: Kim Han Joon , Shin Kyung Eun , Park Jai Soung , Lee Heon , Lee Jae Wook , Chin Susie , Shin Hwa Kyun 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Introduction:
Pulmonary sequestration (PS) is a rare congenital malformation defined as nonfunctioning lung tissue supplied by systemic circulation. It is uncommonly diagnosed in adults. Herein, we describe a clinical case of PS with cystic degeneration mimicking a bronchogenic cyst in an elderly patient.

Patient concerns:
A huge cystic mass was incidentally found in a 65-year-old man on chest computed tomography (CT) scans during preoperative workup for a hand laceration. A 15-cm-sized round cystic mass was detected in the right lower lobe.

Diagnosis:
After reviewing the chest CT scan, we decided to perform contrast-enhanced chest magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and CT-guided lung aspiration biopsy. On MRI, the lesion had the appearance of a cystic mass with hemorrhagic clots, such as an intrapulmonary bronchogenic cyst. The aspirated specimen was nondiagnostic; thus, we decided to surgically remove the mass.

Interventions:
Upon right lower lobectomy, the mass was diagnosed as a PS. A thin systemic artery supplying the cystic mass was visualized during surgery.

Outcomes:
The patient is undergoing regular follow-up at the outpatient clinic.

Conclusions:
PS should be considered as a differential diagnosis in patients with a cystic lung mass. Identification of a systemic artery on radiologic imaging is important in the diagnosis of PS before preoperative workup to prevent unpredicted massive bleeding during surgery.