bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low Incidence of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Adverse Events in Adalimumab Clinical Trials Across Nine Different Diseases
Authors: Elewaut Dirk , Braun Jürgen , Anderson Jaclyn K. , Arikan Dilek , Chen Su , Hojnik Maja , De Craemer Ann-Sophie , Curtis Jeffrey R. 
Published: February 2020

ObjectiveAdalimumab is approved for treatment of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. Thus, we postulated that exacerbation or new‐onset of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) would be rare events in patients treated with adalimumab for non‐IBD indications. The objective was to evaluate the incidence of IBD adverse events (AEs) across adalimumab trials.MethodsIBD AE rates in 75 adalimumab clinical trials in rheumatoid arthritis, polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis, pediatric enthesitis‐related arthritis, uveitis, hidradenitis suppurativa, adult and pediatric psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, nonpsoriatic arthritis peripheral spondyloarthritis (SpA), axial SpA, including nonradiographic axial SpA, and ankylosing spondylitis, were analyzed. Search terms for IBD AEs (new onset or worsening/flare) included IBD, ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease, and ulcerative proctitis.ResultsThis analysis included 24,114 patients, representing 36,508 patient‐years of adalimumab exposure. The overall rate of IBD AEs in adalimumab‐treated patients was 0.1 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.1–0.2)/100 patient‐years (41 events), ranging from no events (psoriatic arthritis, uveitis, and pediatric trials) to 0.8 (95% CI 0.2–2.2)/100 patient‐years in peripheral SpA. The rate of IBD in axial SpA was 0.6 (95% CI 0.4–1.0)/100 patient‐years. During placebo‐controlled trials, the overall IBD rate was 0.1 (95% CI 0.0–0.3)/100 patient‐years for adalimumab groups (3 events in 6,781 patients; 2,752 patient‐years of exposure) and 0.1 (95% CI 0.0–0.4)/100 patient‐years for placebo groups (1 event in 3,493 patients; 1,246 patient‐years of exposure). IBD rates in axial SpA were 0.5 (95% CI 0.1–1.4)/100 patient‐years for adalimumab and 0.6 (95% CI 0.0–3.1)/100 patient‐years for placebo.ConclusionThe rates of IBD AEs in adalimumab clinical trials were generally low across the evaluated diseases, including axial SpA; all events occurred in adult patients.
Large‐Size, Porous, Ultrathin NiCoP Nanosheets for Efficient Electro/Photocatalytic Water Splitting
Authors: Lv Xinding , Li Xitao , Yang Chen , Ding Xiaoqing , Zhang Yifan , Zheng Yan‐Zhen , Li Siqi , Sun Xiangnan , Tao Xia 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPorous ultrathin 2D catalysts are attracting great attention in the field of electro/photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and overall water splitting. Herein, a universal pH‐controlled wet‐chemical strategy is reported followed by thermal and phosphorization treatment to prepare large‐size, porous and ultrathin bimetallic phosphide (NiCoP) nanosheets, in which graphene oxide is adopted as a template to determine the size of products. The thickness of the resultant NiCoP nanosheets ranges from 3.5 to 12.8 nm via delicately adjusting pH from 7.8 to 8.5. The thickness‐dependent electrocatalytic performance is evidenced experimentally and explained by computational studies. The prepared large‐size ultrathin NiCoP nanosheets show excellent bifunctional electrocatalytic activity for overall water splitting, with low overpotentials of 34.3 mV for HER and 245.0 mV for oxygen evolution reaction, respectively, at 10 mA cm−2. Furthermore, the NiCoP nanosheets exhibit superior photocatalytic HER performance, achieving a high HER rate of 238.2 mmol h−1 g−1 in combination with commonly used photocatalyst CdS, which is far superior to that of Pt/CdS (81.7 mmol h−1 g−1). All these results demonstrate large‐size porous ultrathin NiCoP nanosheets as an efficient and multifunctional electro/photocatalyst for water splitting.
Visible Light‐Responsive Dynamic Biomaterials: Going Deeper and Triggering More
Authors: Rapp Teresa L. , DeForest Cole A. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPhotoresponsive materials have been widely used in vitro for controlled therapeutic delivery and to direct 4D cell fate. Extension of the approaches into a bodily setting requires use of low‐energy, long‐wavelength light that penetrates deeper into and through complex tissue. This review details recent reports of photoactive small molecules and proteins that absorb visible and/or near‐infrared light, opening the door to exciting new applications in multiplexed and in vivo regulation.
Dynamic Bioinks to Advance Bioprinting
Authors: Morgan Francis L. C. , Moroni Lorenzo , Baker Matthew B. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe development of bioinks for bioprinting of cell‐laden constructs remains a challenge for tissue engineering, despite vigorous investigation. Hydrogels to be used as bioinks must fulfill a demanding list of requirements, mainly focused around printability and cell function. Recent advances in the use of supramolecular and dynamic covalent chemistry (DCvC) provide paths forward to develop bioinks. These dynamic hydrogels enable tailorability, higher printing performance, and the creation of more life‐like environments for ultimate tissue maturation. This review focuses on the exploration and benefits of dynamically cross‐linked bioinks for bioprinting, highlighting recent advances, benefits, and challenges in this emerging area. By incorporating internal dynamics, many benefits can be imparted to the material, providing design elements for next generation bioinks.
Shape Control of Lotus Leaf Induced by Surface Submillimeter Texture
Authors: Li Peiliu , Wang Lei , Tang Shousheng , Xing Yan , Zhao Hongbin , Liu Jing 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAutomatic slant of lotus leaf achieving self‐motive unidirectional fluid transport is significant for self‐cleaning, decreasing load, enhancing respiration, and receiving more sunlight, which is the consequence of natural evolution. In this study, the mechanism of the automatic gradual slant process in its development is exposed and this function is successfully replicated. The special distribution of submillimeter papillae (SP) on the leaf surface generates anisotropic deflection and induces the leaf edge to warp asymmetrically. These effects shift the center of gravity, slant the leaf, and bend the petiole gradually, thereby guiding the liquid away from the surface with synergy effect. The behaviors of lotus leaf are realized with stimulus of temperature on artificial lotus leaf. This work uncovers a new theory for shape control of soft materials and opens up new horizons for artificial intelligence, flexible robot, flexible sensor, and membrane manufacture industry.
Gram‐Positive Bacteria Cell Wall Driven Self‐Disassembled Nanovesicles against Methicillin‐Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus
Authors: An Hong‐Wei , Fei Yue , Yan Tong‐Da , Lu Chu‐Qi , Wang Man‐Di , Ma Teng , Zhao Bo‐Yan , Nie Jin‐Mei , Tseng Hsian‐Rong , Li Li‐Li , Wang Hao 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn the delivery system, high‐performance targeting and local burst‐releasing of antibiotics enable the enhancement of antipathogen efficacy and reduction of drug‐resistance risk. Bacteria cell wall driven self‐disassembled nanovesicles (BSNs) composed of a dense H‐aggregated cyanine bilayer are herein reported. The nanovesicle displays the trigger‐disassembly and turn‐on near infrared (NIR) fluorescence property activated by Gram‐positive bacteria. Mechanistic studies indicate that the interaction between nanovesicles and lipoteinchoic acid within the bacterial cell wall disrupts nanovesicles and the free cyanine molecules insert into the network of peptidoglycan, which brings recovered fluorescence. Meanwhile, owing to the burst release of the oritavancin antibiotic payload inside the nanovesicle, the minimum inhibitory concentration of oritavancin is significantly reduced by fourfold compared to that of the free one. Intriguingly, this smart nanoantibiotic effectively enhances the defense against methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus both in vitro and in vivo, meanwhile the NIR fluorescence signal enables quantitative bioimaging of the therapuetic outcome.
Multifunctional Polymer Memory via Bi‐Interfacial Topography for Pressure Perception Recognition
Authors: Wang Xiangjing , Zhou Zhe , Ban Chaoyi , Zhang Zepu , Ju Shang , Huang Xiao , Mao Huiwu , Chang Qing , Yin Yuhang , Song Mengya , Cheng Shuai , Ding Yamei , Liu Zhengdong , Ju Ruolin , Xie Linghai , Miao Feng , Liu Juqing , Huang Wei 
Published: February 2020

AbstractEmerging memory devices, that can provide programmable information recording with tunable resistive switching under external stimuli, hold great potential for applications in data storage, logic circuits, and artificial synapses. Realization of multifunctional manipulation within individual memory devices is particularly important in the More‐than‐Moore era, yet remains a challenge. Here, both rewritable and nonerasable memory are demonstrated in a single stimuli‐responsive polymer diode, based on a nanohole‐nanowrinkle bi‐interfacial structure. Such synergic nanostructure is constructed from interfacing a nanowrinkled bottom graphene electrode and top polymer matrix with nanoholes; and it can be easily prepared by spin coating, which is a low‐cost and high‐yield production method. Furthermore, the resulting device, with ternary and low‐power operation under varied external stimuli, can enable both reversible and irreversible biomimetic pressure recognition memories using a device‐to‐system framework. This work offers both a general guideline to fabricate multifunctional memory devices via interfacial nanostructure engineering and a smart information storage basis for future artificial intelligence.
Rational Construction of Nitrogen‐Doped Hierarchical Dual‐Carbon for Advanced Potassium‐Ion Hybrid Capacitors
Authors: Ruan Jiafeng , Mo Fangjie , Chen Ziliang , Liu Miao , Zheng Shiyou , Wu Renbing , Fang Fang , Song Yun , Sun Dalin 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPotassium‐ion hybrid capacitors (PIHCs), elaborately integrate the advantages of high output power as well as long lifespan of supercapacitors and the high energy density of batteries, and exhibit great possibilities for the future generations of energy storage devices. The critical next step for future implementation lies in exploring a high‐rate battery‐type anode with an ultra‐stable structure to match the capacitor‐type cathode. Herein, a “dual‐carbon” is constructed, in which a three‐dimensional nitrogen‐doped microporous carbon polyhedron (NMCP) derived from metal‐organic frameworks is tightly wrapped by two‐dimensional reduced graphene oxide (NMCP@rGO). Benefiting from the synergistic effect of the inner NMCP and outer rGO, the NMCP@rGO exhibits a superior K‐ion storage capability with a high reversible capacity of 386 mAh g−1 at 0.05 A g−1 and ultra‐long cycle stability with a capacity of 151.4 mAh g−1 after 6000 cycles at 5.0 A g−1. As expected, the as‐assembled PIHCs with a working voltage as high as 4.2 V present a high energy/power density (63.6 Wh kg−1 at 19 091 W kg−1) and excellent capacity retention of 84.7% after 12 000 cycles. This rational construction of advanced PIHCs with excellent performance opens a new avenue for further application and development.
Cafeteria‐style feeding trials provide new insights into the diet and nutritional strategies of the black snub‐nosed monkey (Rhinopithecus strykeri): Implications for conservation
Authors: Yang Yin , Li Qihua , Garber Paul A. , Grueter Cyril C. , Ren Guopeng , Wang Xinwen , Huang Zhipang , Xiang Zuofu , Xiao Wen , Behie Alison 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAnthropogenic changes and fragmentation of natural habitats often exert a negative effect on resource availability and distribution, and the nutritional ecology and feeding behavior of nonhuman primates. The goals of this study are to examine food choice and to identify the nutritional profile of foods consumed by the Critically Endangered black snub‐nosed monkey (Rhinopithecus strykeri). To accomplish our study goals, we presented cafeteria‐style feeding trials of fresh food items collected in the home range of wild black snub‐nosed monkeys to the only two captive R. strykeri, and compared the nutritional profiles of the leafy foods (buds, young, and mature leaves, 100 items from 70 plant species) selected with those avoided (54 items from 48 plant species). Overall, the results indicate that captive R. strykeri selected foods that were higher in moisture (Mo; 77.7%), crude protein (CP; 21.2%), total nonstructural carbohydrates (TNC; 34.9%), and phosphorus (P; 0.37%) while tending to avoid foods with a neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content of greater than 46.8%. Leaves collected in autumn and selected by the monkeys were characterized by a slightly higher amount of metabolizable energy (ME) than those rejected (1,350 kJ/100 g vs. 1,268 kJ/100 g). In contrast, the protein content of foods collected and consumed during the spring was greater (22.9%) than in autumn (16.4%). Random Forests modeling, an ensemble learning method, indicated that the proportion of Mo, NDF, ME, CP, P, and TNC were among the most important factors in predicting which items were consumed by the captive R. strykeri during spring and autumn. On the basis of the nutritional profile of foods consumed across the two seasons, we identified 18 nutrient‐rich native plant species that we recommend for use in ex‐ and in‐situ conservation management and reforestation programs to provide long‐term access to a nutritionally adequate diet.
The structural and motivational role of the unique lip‐flip movement in the gelada (Theropithecus gelada) facial display repertoire
Authors: Lazow Stefanie P. , Bergman Thore J. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectivesHuman language represents an extreme form of communicative complexity. Primate facial display complexity, which depends upon facial mobility, can be used as a model for the study of the evolution of communicative complexity. The gelada (Theropithecus gelada) is the only primate that can produce a lip‐flip eversion. This study investigates the role of the lip‐flip relative to the bared‐teeth display to understand its role in generating communicative complexity.Materials and methodsWe reviewed videos of gelada social interactions. We utilized the facial action coding system (FACS) to define structural component action units (AUs) of each display. We inferred display motivation from the behaviors of the display sender.ResultsThe lip‐flip was used only in combination with the essential AUs of the bared‐teeth display, serving as an optional structural element added to produce a structural variant. Both the bared‐teeth display with and without a lip‐flip occurred most frequently with nonaggressive, submissive behaviors. The lip‐flip was more frequently preceded by approach than the bared‐teeth display, especially in males. The lip‐flip was also present in the majority of structurally blended facial displays though the motivation of the non‐lip‐flip parent display often dominated.DiscussionThe lip‐flip may potentially function as an indicator of benign intent after an approach or as an intensifying component of nonaggressive intent. Adaptations to increase facial mobility in geladas via facilitating the lip‐flip may promote increased communicative complexity through increased conspicuousness and motivational signaling specification or intensification.
Cu‐Catalyzed Diastereo‐ and Enantioselective Reactions of γ,γ‐Disubstituted Allyldiboron Compounds with Ketones
Authors: Zanghi Joseph M. , Meek Simon J. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractA catalytic diastereo‐ and enantioselective method for the preparation of complex tertiary homoallylic alcohols containing a vicinal quaternary carbon stereogenic center and a versatile alkenylboronic ester is disclosed. Transformations are promoted by 5 mol % of a readily available copper catalyst bearing a bulky monodentate phosphoramidite ligand, which is essential for attaining both high dr and er. Reactions proceed with a wide variety of ketones and allylic 1,1‐diboronate reagents, which enables the efficient preparation of diverse array of molecular scaffolds.
Prognostic influence of acute decompensated heart failure in patients planned for transcatheter aortic valve implantation
Authors: Popovic Batric , Molho Antoine , Varlot Jeanne , Fay Renaud , Metzdorf Pierre A. , Elfarra Mazen , Maureira Pablo , Juillière Yves , Huttin Olivier , Camenzind Edoardo 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of our study was to evaluate the outcome of patients with severe aortic stenosis presenting with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) and planned for transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) and to study the variables influencing their prognosis.MethodsOur retrospective study included 801 patients planned for TAVI in our center. Seven hundred and fifty‐six underwent TAVI and were categorized according to ADHF as the initial clinical presentation into two groups: ADHF group (n = 261) and no‐ADHF group (n = 495).Pre as well as periprocedural outcomes and 1 year mortality were analyzed.ResultsAmong the patients planned for the TAVI procedure, 45 patients remained untreated: 35 patients died while waiting to undergo TAVI which represented 20% of all deaths in our study, ADHF was observed in 23 of 45 (51%) these untreated patients.The 1‐year all‐cause mortality rate was significantly higher in the ADHF group versus the no‐ADHF group (27% vs. 15%, p < .0001). In multivariate analysis, male gender (odds ratio [OR] =2.5, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.37–4.57, p = .03), body mass index <25 kg/m2 (OR = 2.76, 95% CI: 1.51–5.04, p = .0009), and logistic EuroSCORE II ≥20% (OR = 3.04, 95% CI: 1.56–5.94, p = .001) were associated with a higher 1‐year mortality in the ADHF group.ConclusionThe patients eligible for TAVI presenting with ADHF were associated with a higher mortality for both: while on the waiting list for TAVI as well as at 1‐year follow‐up and thus asking for clearer criteria to prioritize action in this high‐risk TAVI patients.
Corneal cross‐linking as a treatment for corneal dystrophy with secondary bacterial infection in a Friesian horse
Authors: Casola Christina , Pot Simon A. , Lavaud Arnold , Voelter Katrin 
Published: February 2020

AbstractCorneal cross‐linking should be considered as treatment option in Friesian horses with infectious keratitis and corneal dystrophy. Optical coherence tomography, giving information of corneal structure, can help for diagnosis and monitoring.
Pharyngolaryngeal spasm‐induced dysphagia in an epileptic patient undergoing vagus nerve stimulation therapy
Authors: Castellani Luca , Chiesa Valentina , Maccari Alberto , Fuccillo Emanuela , Canevini Maria Paola , Felisati Giovanni , Saibene Alberto Maria 
Published: February 2020

AbstractVagus nerve stimulation for refractory epilepsy may induce laryngeal side effects such as dysphonia and dysphagia. Careful tuning of the stimulation parameters and collaboration between epileptologists and otolaryngologists can help significantly reduce side effects.
Molten‐Salt Media Synthesis of N‐Doped Carbon Tubes Containing Encapsulated Co Nanoparticles as a Bifunctional Air Cathode for Zinc‐Air Batteries
Authors: Dong Qing , Wang Hui , Ji Shan , Wang Xuyun , Mo Zaiyong , Linkov Vladimir , Wang Rongfang 
Published: February 2020

AbstractCost efficient bifunctional air cathodes possessing high electrocatalytic activity are of great importance for the development of secondary Zn‐air batteries. In this work, cobalt nanoparticles are encapsulated within a 3D N‐doped open network of carbon tubes (Co@N‐CNTs) by a molten‐salt synthesis procedure conducted at a high temperature. Physical characterization demonstrates that Co@N‐CNTs are comprised of Co particle inserted carbon tubes with mesoporous tube walls, providing significant active surface area for electrochemical reactions. High electrocatalytic activity of Co@N‐CNTs towards both oxygen evolution and oxygen reduction reactions is due to its well‐developed active surface and a synergistic effect between N‐doped carbon and Co nanoparticles. Both primary and secondary Zn‐air battery cells assembled using Co@N‐CNTs as an air cathode show higher electrochemical performance than similar cells containing commercial Pt/C and Pt/C +RuO2, making the newly developed material a promising alternative to existing metal‐based air cathodes.
Hydride Transfer to Gold: Yes or No? Exploring the Unexpected Versatility of Au⋅⋅⋅H−M Bonding in Heterobimetallic Dihydrides
Authors: Rocchigiani Luca , Klooster Wim T. , Coles Simon J. , Hughes David L. , Hrobárik Peter , Bochmann Manfred 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe potential for coordination and H‐transfer from Cp2MH2 (M=Zr, W) to gold(I) and gold(III) complexes was explored in a combined experimental and computational study. [(L)Au]+ cations react with Cp2WH2 giving [(L)Au(κ2‐H2WCp2)]+ (L=IPr (1), cyclic (alkyl)(amino)carbene (2), PPh3 (3) and Dalphos‐Me (4) [IPr=1,3‐bis(diisopropylphenyl)imidazolylidene; Dalphos‐Me=di(1‐adamantyl)‐2‐(dimethylamino)phenyl‐phosphine], while [Au(DMAP)2]+ (DMAP=p‐dimethylaminopyridine) affords the C2‐symmetric [Au(κ‐H2WCp2)2]+ (5). The Dalphos complex 4 can be protonated to give the bicationic adduct 4 H, showing AuI⋅⋅⋅H+−N hydrogen bonding. The gold(III) Lewis acid [(C^N−CH)Au(C6F5)(OEt2)]+ binds Cp2WH2 to give an Au‐H‐W σ‐complex. By contrast, the pincer species [(C^N^C)Au]+ adds Cp2WH2 by a purely dative W→Au bond, without Au⋅⋅⋅H interaction. The biphenylyl‐based chelate [(C^C)Au]+ forms [(C^C)Au(μ‐H)2WCp2]+, with two 2‐electron‐3‐centre W−H⋅⋅⋅Au interactions and practically no Au−W donor acceptor contribution. In all these complexes, strong but polarized W−H bonds are maintained, without H‐transfer to gold. On the other hand, the reactions of Cp2ZrH2 with gold complexes led in all cases to rapid H‐transfer and formation of gold hydrides. Relativistic DFT calculations were used to rationalize the striking reactivity and bonding differences in these heterobimetallic hydride complexes along with an analysis of their characteristic NMR parameters and UV/Vis absorption properties.
Intensified Nanoparticle Synthesis Using Hybrid Microwave and Ultrasound Treatments: Consecutive and Concurrent Modes
Authors: Shibatani Atsuya , Kan Haruka , Asakuma Yusuke , Saptoro Agus 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBubble formation around nucleated particle is inevitable when quick heating of microwave is employed in nanoparticle synthesis. Since these bubbles may cause bumping behavior, the bubble growth must be possibly suppressed to ensure stable microwave‐assisted operation. In this study, sequential and simultaneous ultrasound treatment and microwave irradiations on nanoparticle synthesis are proposed and investigated to assess the benefit of ultrasound in preventing superheating behavior and producing finer particles. Experimental results indicate that the inclusions of ultrasound treatment result in finer particle sizes and suppression of bumping behavior. Particularly, consecutive ultrasound treatment and microwave irradiation are recommendable due to its practicality and generating smallest bubbles and final particle sizes. This technique can therefore be expected as an innovative way to enhance industrial applications of quick thermal response induced by microwave.