bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In search of legitimacy: a semiotic analysis of business model disclosure practices
Authors: Di Tullio Patrizia , Valentinetti Diego , Nielsen Christian , Rea Michele Antonio 
Published: December 2019

PurposeThis paper aims to investigate how firms disclose the presentation and content of business model (BM) information in corporate reports to manage their legitimacy in response to European Directive 2014/95.Design/methodology/approachLegitimacy theory is used to identify disclosure strategies pursued by firms in reaction to the new regulation. To understand how firms adopt these strategic responses, semiotic analysis is applied to a sample of European companies’ reports through Crowther’s (2012) framework, which is based on a mechanism of binary oppositions.FindingsHalf of the sample strategically choose to comply with the European Union (EU) Directive regarding BM information through the use of non-accounting language, figures, and diagrams. Other firms did not disclose any substantive information but managed the impression of compliance with the regulation, while the remainder of the sample dismissed the regulation altogether.Research limitations/implicationsThis study demonstrates how organisations use the disclosure of BM information in their corporate reports to control their legitimacy. The results support the idea that firms can acquire legitimacy by complying with the law or giving the impression of compliance with the regulation. This study provides evidence on the first-time adoption of the EU Directive, and therefore, future research can enlarge the sample and conduct the analysis over a broader time frame.Practical implicationsA more precise indication of the EU Directive regarding “where” firms should report BM information, “how” the description of a BM should refer to the environmental, social, governance (ESG) factors, and a set of performance measures to track the evolution of a company’s BM overtime is needed.Originality/valueWhile there has been a notable amount of research that has applied content analysis methodologies to investigate the thematic and syntactic aspects of BM disclosure in corporate reports, only a few studies have investigated BM disclosures in relation to the EU Directive. Furthermore, the application of semiotic analysis extends beyond traditional content analysis methodologies because it considers the structure of the story at many levels, thus developing a more complete textual picture of how BMs are described, allowing an analysis of the reasons behind the disclosure strategies pursued by firms.
‘Going institutional’ to overcome obstruction: Explaining the suppression of minority rights in Western European parliaments, 1945−2010
Authors: SIEBERER ULRICH , DUTKOWSKI JULIA F. , MEIßNER PETER , MÜLLER WOLFGANG C. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWhen and why do parliamentary majorities in Europe suppress parliamentary minority rights? This article argues that such reforms are driven by substantive policy conflict in interaction with existing minority rights. Government parties curb minority rights if they fear minority obstruction due to increased policy conflictanda minority‐friendly institutionalstatus quo. Empirical support is found for this claim using comparative data on all reforms in 13 Western European parliaments since 1945. A curbing of minority rights is significantly more likely under conditions of heightened policy conflict and these effects are stronger the more the institutionalstatus quofavours opposition parties. Contrary to frequent claims of consensual rule changes from single‐country studies in Europe, these findings demonstrate the importance of competitive strategies in explaining institutional reform in European parliaments. The conditional impact of thestatus quoprovides interesting theoretical links to historical institutionalist arguments on path dependence.
Accuracy of the Defining Characteristics of Fatigue in Patients with Heart Failure as Identified by the 6‐Minute Walking Test
Authors: Santos Vinicius Batista , Lopes Camila Takao , dos Anjos Lanay Dourado , Begot Isis , Cassiolatto Flavio , Guizilinni Solange , Moreira Rita Simone Lopes 
Published: December 2019

PURPOSEIdentify the prevalence of the nursing diagnosis (ND) Fatigue in patients with heart failure (HF) and to analyze the accuracy of its defining characteristics (DCs).METHODS50 patients were assessed for Fatigue through a distance ambulated <300m during the Six‐Minute Walking Test (6MWT) and the report of insufficient energy. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were calculated for the DCs associated with Fatigue.FINDINGSThe prevalence of Fatigue was 48%. No DCs were sensitive and specific for determining Fatigue.CONCLUSIONSThere were no DCs accurate enough to infer Fatigue.IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICEA distance ambulated <300m during the 6MWT should be included as a DC of Fatigue.
Phylogenetic analysis based on full genome sequencing of Italian tomato spotted wilt virus isolates identified in “Roggianese” sweet pepper and chilli pepper
Authors: Fontana Anna , Albanese Giuliana , Manglli Ariana , Tomassoli Laura , Tiberini Antonio 
Published: December 2019

AbstractA study aimed at defining population structure of Italian tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) isolates was performed. Full genome sequencing of six TSWV isolates found in two Italian regions (two from Latium: Lazio 17 and Tarquinia; and four from Calabria: PepCal 10, 12, 22 and 24) were assembled. Identity percentages in nucleotide sequence among these TSWV isolates are here provided. The six full length genome sequences were compared with other two Italian isolates (p105 and p202/3WT) already fully sequenced, as well as full TSWV genomes that could be retrieved from GenBank. Phylogenetic analysis, performed in concatenated sequences and for each gene of each genome segment (L, M and S), confirmed the presence of two clades, namely A‐like and D‐like. In particular, the phylogenetic tree based on segment L grouped all the newly sequenced TSWV isolates in D‐like clade. In the M segment phylogenetic tree, all our TSWV isolates shifted in the A‐like clade. Isolates separation was not correlated to their geographical origin in phylogenetic study of distinct ORFs encoded by the RNA S segment. In fact, in nucleocapsid‐encoding phylogenetic tree, PepCal 10 and 22 grouped in an A‐like clade with p105, PepCal 12 and 24 in a D‐like clade with p202/3WT, whereas Lazio 17 and Tarquinia in a third well distinct group. NSs tree displayed only PepCal 10 with p105 in A‐like clade, whereas PepCal 12, 22, 24 with p202/3WT in D‐like subclade; and isolates from Latium grouped a separated clade adjacent to D‐like isolates. Additional analysis on putative reassortment events showed that TSWV Calabrian isolates likely originated from a reassortment event in M RNA and other in S RNA with p105 as major parent. Recombination events were detected in isolates from Latium in L and S RNAs with Chinese isolates as putative major parent.
The Resurgent Far Right and the Black Feminist Struggle for Social Democracy in Brazil
Authors: Perry Keisha‐Khan Y. 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTBlack activists in Brazil have consistently reminded us that the violence of the military dictatorship (1964–1980) represented only one historical moment in the long history of white supremacist colonial violence and the legacy of slavery in the country. The resurgence of far‐right violence and politics in Brazil—specifically, the concerted attempt to repeal social gains for Blacks, women, and poor people—must be understood through this broad historical context of the ongoing enactment of white supremacy and must be read through an intersectional approach that reveals the vulnerabilities and exclusions that have further marginalized racialized and gendered populations, particularly Black women, from equal protection under laws and policies. [intersectionality, white supremacy, Black feminism, Brazil]
Vocal behavior of the Undulated Tinamou (Crypturellus undulatus) over an annual cycle in the Brazilian Pantanal: New ecological information
Authors: Pérez‐Granados Cristian , Schuchmann Karl‐L. , Marques Marinez I. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractTinamous (Tinamidae) are a group of Neotropical birds for which little information is available. The Undulated Tinamou (Crypturellus undulatus) is one of the most widespread species but also declining. Due to its secretive habits, ecological knowledge regarding the species relies on few anecdotal descriptions. We used automated recorders to monitor the vocal activity of the species over an annual cycle at four sites in the Brazilian Pantanal. We provide a description and analyze the diel and seasonal patterns of the calling activity in this species and provide new ecological information. The daily cycle showed two significant peaks in calling activity during the early morning and late afternoon, in agreement with the vocal behavior common among tinamous. The species was vocally active throughout the year, but it was significantly higher during September–October and March. This suggests that the breeding period of the Undulated Tinamou in the Brazilian Pantanal extends from September to April. After the months with highest calling activity, there was a strong decrease in activity, which might be related to the silent behavior of male tinamous during incubation. The seasonal pattern and breeding period identified for the Undulated Tinamou in the Brazilian Pantanal are in agreement with those observed in previous studies carried out with other Crypturellus species. The use of automated recorders was found to be a useful method for monitoring the calling activity of this secretive group of birds and might be useful in the assessment of future population trends in this and other declining tinamous.Abstract in Portugese is available with online material.
Exploring vitamin D signalling within skin cancer
Authors: Vishlaghi Neda , Lisse Thomas S. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractSunlight exposure of the skin is associated with both risks and benefits. On one hand, sunlight ultraviolet (UV) radiation can cause skin cancer through signature DNA mutations. On the other hand, it can be absorbed in the skin by 7‐dehydrocholesterol to instigate endogenous synthesis of vitamin D to regulate anticancer effects. Thus, protecting one's skin from sunlight to avoid skin cancer may lead to impaired vitamin D levels arguing for sensible sun exposure practices. To limit cancer, vitamin D metabolites can promote uncharacterized and diverse sets of events such as repair responses to DNA damage, apoptosis of malignant cells, and suppression of immune surveillance, proliferation and angiogenesis. Recent findings also suggest that part of the anticancer effects of vitamin D within squamous cell carcinoma—a type of skin cancer most directly linked to sun exposure—involves the DDIT4‐mTOR catabolic signalling pathway to enhance cell autophagy. As mTOR activity and cellular metabolism are modulated as part of the DNA damage response, insights into the means by which mTOR can be controlled by vitamin D to suppress cancer is of molecular and clinical importance. Overall, the research so far suggests that presence of vitamin D through sunlight exposure and supplementation are beneficial for human health in the face of cancer.
Returning children home from care: What can be learned from local authority data?
Authors: Neil Elsbeth , Gitsels Lisanne , Thoburn June 
Published: December 2019

AbstractInternational Human Rights and child rights conventions as well as U.K. wide legislation and guidance require that children in care should be returned home to one or both parents wherever possible. Reunification with parents is the most common route out of care, but rates of re‐entry are often higher than for other exit routes. This study used 8 years of administrative data (on 2,208 care entrants), collected by one large English local authority, to examine how many children were returned home and to explore factors associated with stable reunification (not re‐entering care for at least 2 years). One‐third of children (36%) had been reunified, with adolescent entrants being the most likely age group to return home. Three quarters (75%) of reunified children had a stable reunification. In a fully adjusted regression model, age at entry, being on a care order prior to return home, staying longer in care, being of minority ethnicity, and having fewer placements in care were all significant in predicting chances of stable reunification. The results underline the importance of properly resourcing reunification services. The methods demonstrate the value to local authorities of analysing their own data longitudinally to understand the care pathways for children they look after.
Museum Makers: Family Explorations of Data Science through Making and Exhibit design
Authors: Letourneau Susan M. , Liu ChangChia James , Donnelly Kaitlin , Meza Delia , Uzzo Stephen , Culp Katherine McMillan 
Published: December 2019

AbstractYoung children are capable of engaging in scientific and mathematical thinking, but often have few opportunities to use math as a tool for understanding the world. This article describes the development and implementation of a museum‐based after‐school workshop that introduced young children and their families to data science, an applied field that involves real‐world observations. Through three iterations of the workshop, the museum developed strategies for engaging families in interest‐driven cycles of data collection, organization, and interpretation. The workshop used design and making to motivate exploration of data and highlight the utility of mathematics for answering questions and guiding decisions. Children (ages 5–8) gathered data about museum exhibits (including size, features, visitors’ preferences, etc.) and applied what they learned to create models of their own exhibit ideas. We discuss the theoretical basis for the program, the process by which it was iteratively developed, and the final structure of the workshop activities and curriculum.
How evolution shapes enzyme selectivity – lessons from aminoacyl‐tRNA synthetases and other amino acid utilizing enzymes
Authors: Tawfik Dan S. , Gruic‐Sovulj Ita 
Published: December 2019

Aminoacyl‐tRNA synthetases (AARSs) charge tRNA with their cognate amino acids. Many other enzymes use amino acids as substrates, yet discrimination against noncognate amino acids that threaten the accuracy of protein translation is a hallmark of AARSs. Comparing AARSs to these other enzymes allowed us to recognize patterns in molecular recognition and strategies used by evolution for exercising selectivity. Overall, AARSs are 2–3 orders of magnitude more selective than most other amino acid utilizing enzymes. AARSs also reveal the physicochemical limits of molecular discrimination. For example, amino acids smaller by a single methyl moiety present a discrimination ceiling of ~200, while larger ones can be discriminated by up to 105‐fold. In contrast, substrates larger by a hydroxyl group challenge AARS selectivity, due to promiscuous H‐bonding with polar active site groups. This ‘hydroxyl paradox’ is resolved by editing. Indeed, when the physicochemical discrimination limits are reached, post‐transfer editing – hydrolysis of tRNAs charged with noncognate amino acids, evolved. The editing site often selectively recognizes the edited noncognate substrate using the very same feature that the synthetic site could not efficiently discriminate against. Finally, the comparison to other enzymes also reveals that the selectivity of AARSs is an explicitly evolved trait, showing some clear examples of how selection acted not only to optimize catalytic efficiency with the target substrate, but also to abolish activity with noncognate threat substrates (‘negative selection’).
Phylogeography of a salmonid fish, masu salmon Oncorhynchus masou subspecies‐complex, with disjunct distributions across the temperate northern Pacific
Authors: Yamamoto Shoichiro , Morita Kentaro , Kikko Takeshi , Kawamura Kouichi , Sato Shunpei , Gwo Jin‐Chywan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Climate oscillations during the Pleistocene had profound effects on the evolutionary history of freshwater fishes now distributed across northern temperate regions. The extent of continental glaciation on the western side of the North Pacific, including areas of East Asia, was more limited as compared with regions of North America, Europe and high‐latitude areas of the North Pacific. Therefore, the effects of climate oscillations might have influenced species in dissimilar ways depending on the species' distribution.

We used mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and microsatellite DNA (msDNA) markers to clarify the evolutionary history of masu salmon Oncorhynchus masou subspecies‐complex (family Salmonidae) distributed in historically non‐glaciated regions in the western North Pacific.

No marked regional or subspecies‐specific mtDNA haplotype associations were recognised, except for O. masou subsp., a lacustrine form endemic to Lake Biwa, an ancient lake in central Honshu. The landlocked subspecies O. masou formosanus, with a disjunct distribution on Taiwan Island, exhibited no diagnostic population features differing from the other subspecies, in either mtDNA or msDNA markers. Mismatch distribution and Bayesian skyline plot analyses indicated relatively recent range expansion and rapid population growth for masu salmon during the last glacial period (c. 0.1–0.15 Ma).

Contrary to the mtDNA genealogy, Bayesian clustering using msDNA showed two main genetic clusters, mainly northern populations of the subspecies O. m. masou and populations of the subspecies O. m. ishikawae in southern areas of the Japanese Archipelago. Notably, O. m. formosanus on Taiwan Island was included in the O. m. masou group, and O. masou subsp. was included in the O. m. ishikawae group.

Our results suggest that the masu salmon subspecies‐complex in historically non‐glaciated regions of the Temperate Northern Pacific is characterised by weak population structuring and shallow genetic differentiation among the subspecies, except for O. masou subsp. owing to its long isolation in Lake Biwa. Incomplete lineage sorting and historical inter‐subspecies hybridisation, possibly due to secondary contact, seem to be plausible explanations for discrepancies in the mitochondrial DNA genealogy and nuclear DNA genetic structure.
Neuroimaging for Migraine: The American Headache Society Systematic Review and Evidence‐Based Guideline
Authors: Evans Randolph W. , Burch Rebecca C. , Frishberg Benjamin M. , Marmura Michael J. , Mechtler Laszlo L. , Silberstein Stephen D. , Turner Dana P. 
Published: December 2019

ObjectiveTo provide updated evidence‐based recommendations about when to obtain neuroimaging in patients with migraine.MethodsArticles were included in the systematic review if they studied adults 18 and over who were seeking outpatient treatment for any type of migraine and who underwent neuroimaging (MRI or CT). Medline, Web of Science, and Cochrane Clinical Trials were searched from 1973 to August 31, 2018. Reviewers identified studies, extracted data, and assessed the quality of the evidence in duplicate. We assessed study quality using the Newcastle‐Ottawa Scale.ResultsThe initial search yielded 2269 publications. Twenty three articles met inclusion criteria and were included in the final review. The majority of studies were retrospective cohort or cross‐sectional studies. There were 4 prospective observational studies. Ten studies evaluated the utility of CT only, 9 MRI only, and 4 evaluated both. Common abnormalities included chronic ischemia or atrophy with CT and MRI scanning, and non‐specific white matter lesions with MRI. Clinically meaningful abnormalities requiring intervention were relatively rare. Clinically significant neuroimaging abnormalities in patients with headaches consistent with migraine without atypical features or red flags appeared no more common than in the general population.RecommendationsThere is no necessity to do neuroimaging in patients with headaches consistent with migraine who have a normal neurologic examination, and there are no atypical features or red flags present. Grade A Neuroimaging may be considered for presumed migraine for the following reasons: unusual, prolonged, or persistent aura; increasing frequency, severity, or change in clinical features, first or worst migraine, migraine with brainstem aura, migraine with confusion, migraine with motor manifestations (hemiplegic migraine), late‐life migraine accompaniments, aura without headache, side‐locked headache, and posttraumatic headache. Most of these are consensus based with little or no literature support. Grade C.
Immigration and Settler‐Colonies Post‐UNDRIP: Research and Policy Implications
Authors: Abu‐Laban Yasmeen 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIt is now common to identify a policy convergence around migration which is eroding the longstanding distinction made in the migration literature between “traditional” countries of immigration (like Canada, Australia, New Zealand and the United States) and other Western states. Taking the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples as instructive, this article focusses on the case of Canada, arguing that its settler‐colonial foundation has impacted and continues to impact three areas relevant to the comparative study of migration: 1) national discourse; 2) land and forms of social power; and 3) politics and forms of solidarity. The implications of settler‐colonialism for the study of international migration are broader than the case of Canada and suggest the need to link considerations of Indigeneity systematically in migration studies, and to address the particularities of settler‐colonial states in relation to other Northern states by being attuned to “divergence within convergence.”