bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heat shock transcription factor 1 regulates exercise‐induced myocardial angiogenesis after pressure overload via HIF‐1α/VEGF pathway
Authors: Tian Xu , Zhou Ning , Yuan Jie , Lu Le , Zhang Qi , Wei Minmin , Zou Yunzeng , Yuan Lingyan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractExercise training is believed to have a positive effect on cardiac hypertrophy after hypertension. However, its mechanism is still not fully understood. Herein, our findings suggest that heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1) improves exercise‐initiated myocardial angiogenesis after pressure overload. A sustained narrowing of the diagonal aorta (TAC) and moderately‐ intense exercise training protocol were imposed on HSF1 heterozygote (KO) and their littermate wild‐type (WT) male mice. After two months, the cardiac function was assessed using the adaptive responses to exercise training, or TAC, or both of them such as catheterization and echocardiography. The HE stains assessed the area of myocyte cross‐sectional. The Western blot and real‐time PCR measured the levels of expression for heat shock factor 1 (HSF1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and hypoxia inducible factor‐1 alpha (HIF‐1α) in cardiac tissues. The anti‐CD31 antibody immunohistochemical staining was done to examine how exercise training influenced cardiac ontogeny. The outcome illustrated that exercise training significantly improved the cardiac ontogeny in TAC mice, which was convoyed by elevated levels of expression for VEGF and HIF‐1α and preserved the heart microvascular density. More importantly, HSF1 deficiency impaired these effects induced by exercise training in TAC mice. In conclusion, exercise training encourages cardiac ontogeny by means of HSF1 activation and successive HIF‐1α/VEGF up‐regulation in endothelial cells during continued pressure overload.
Toward precision therapeutics: general and specific factors differentiate symptom change in depressed adolescents
Authors: Aitken Madison , Haltigan John D. , Szatmari Peter , Dubicka Bernadka , Fonagy Peter , Kelvin Raphael , Midgley Nick , Reynolds Shirley , Wilkinson Paul O. , Goodyer Ian M. 
Published: January 2020

BackgroundThe longitudinal course of multiple symptom domains in adolescents treated for major depression is not known. Revealing the temporal course of general and specific psychopathology factors, including potential differences between psychotherapies, may aid therapeutic decision‐making.MethodsParticipants were adolescents with major depressive disorder (aged 11–17; 75% female; N = 465) who were part of the IMPACT trial, a randomized controlled trial comparing cognitive behavioral therapy, short‐term psychoanalytic psychotherapy, and brief psychosocial intervention. Self‐reported symptoms at baseline and 6, 12, 36, 52, and 86 weeks postrandomization were analyzed with bifactor modeling.ResultsGeneral psychopathology factor scores decreased across treatment and one‐year follow‐up. Specific melancholic features and depressive cognitions factors decreased from baseline to 6 weeks. Conduct problems decreased across treatment and follow‐up. Anxiety increased by 6 weeks and then reverted to baseline levels. Obsessions–compulsions did not change. Changes in general and specific factors were not significantly different between the three psychotherapies during treatment. During follow‐up, however, conduct problems decreased more in brief psychosocial intervention versus cognitive behavioral therapy (1.02, 95% Bayes credible interval 0.25, 1.96), but not versus short‐term psychoanalytic psychotherapy.ConclusionsThe clinical response signature in this trial is best revealed by rapid reductions in depression symptoms and general psychopathology. Protracted improvements in general psychopathology and conduct problems subsequently occur. Psychosocial treatments for adolescent depression have comparable effects on general and specific psychopathology, although a psychoeducational, goal‐focused approach may be indicated for youth with comorbid conduct problems.
The First Report and Molecular Analysis of Enterocytozoon bieneusi from Raccoon (Procyon lotor) in North of Iran
Authors: Javanmard Ehsan , Nemati Sara , Sharifdini Meysam , Rostami Ali , Mirjalali Hamed , Zali Mohammad Reza 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMicrosporidia are known opportunistic microorganisms and usually transmitted via the fecal–oral route. However, there is no information about human‐infecting microsporidia in wildlife in Iran. This study aimed to investigate and analyze human‐infecting microsporidia isolated from raccoons in north of Iran. Totally, 30 fecal samples were collected; then, DNA extraction was performed and specific fragments of the SSU rRNA gene of Enterocytozoon bieneusi and Encephalitozoon species were amplified. After amplification and sequencing the ITS, the results were compared to the GenBank database. Phylogenetic trees and network analysis were employed to explore probable relationships. E. bieneusi was the only detected microsporidia among samples. Genotyping showed the genotypes D, E, and RA in 15/18 (83.33%), 1/18 (5.55%), and 2/18 (11.11%) of samples, respectively. Novel genotypes RA1 and RA2 grouped together and apart from other genotypes. E. bieneusi genotypes D and E clustered with the genotypes previously reported from animals, humans, and environmental samples. Network analysis revealed six distinct sequence types among raccoon's isolates. This study demonstrated that E. bieneusi genotype D was the most prevalent microsporidia among raccoons. It seems that wildlife may play a role in dispersion of microsporidia spores.
Pressure–impedance analysis: Assist the diagnosis and classification of ineffective esophageal motility disorder
Authors: Wu Jia‐Feng , Tsai I‐Jung , Tong Tzu‐Wei , Lin Yi‐Cheng , Yang Chia‐Hsiang , Tseng Ping‐Huei 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackground and AimWe elucidated the clinical significance of distal contractile integral‐to‐esophageal impedance integral (EII) ratio (DCIIR) in ineffective esophageal motility (IEM) adult patients.MethodsWe recruited 101 patients with IEM (48.38 ± 1.58 years) and 42 matched healthy volunteers (44.28 ± 1.85 years) in this case–control study. All subjects underwent esophageal high‐resolution impedance manometry from October 2014 to May 2018. The diagnosis of IEM was based on the Chicago Classification version 3.0. The EII, EII ratio, and DCIIR were analyzed by matlab software.ResultsThe EII, EII ratio, and DCIIR calculated at an impedance threshold of 1500 Ω (EII1500, EII ratio1500, and DCIIR1500, respectively) were significantly lower in the IEM group than in healthy controls (P < 0.0001, < 0.0001, and < 0.0001, respectively). Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that DCIIR1500 < 0.008 mmHg/Ω, EII1500 > 71 000 Ω.s.cm, and EII ratio1500 > 0.43 were all predictive of IEM. Only DCIIR1500 < 0.008 mmHg/Ω remained significant in diagnosing IEM in the multivariate logistic regression analysis (odds ratio = 72.13, P < 0.001). The DCIIR1500 is negatively correlated with Eckardt score and the Reflux Disease Questionnaire (correlation coefficient = −0.2844 and −0.3136; P = 0.0006 and 0.0002, respectively). Receiver operating characteristic analysis further showed that a DCIIR1500 cut‐off of 0.002 mmHg/Ω achieved the best differentiation between the IEM‐alternans and IEM‐persistens subtypes among IEM patients (P < 0.001).ConclusionsThe novel pressure–impedance parameter of high‐resolution impedance manometry, DCIIR1500, may assist in the diagnosis and classification of IEM and correlated with clinical symptoms.
Mortality and Cholesterol Metabolism in Subjects Aged 75 Years and Older: The Helsinki Businessmen Study
Authors: Sittiwet Chaiyasit , Simonen Piia , Gylling Helena , Strandberg Timo E. 
Published: January 2020

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVESIn many studies, low serum cholesterol is paradoxically associated with a higher mortality risk among older adults. Therefore, we studied whole‐body cholesterol metabolism and its role in all‐cause mortality of older men in two subcohorts of different ages.DESIGNProspective long‐term cohort.SETTINGHome‐dwelling men of the Helsinki Businessmen Study.PARTICIPANTSTwo partly overlapping subcohorts were recruited, in 2003 (n = 660; mean age = 76 years) and in 2011 (n = 398; mean age = 83 years). The younger subcohort was followed up after 3 and 11 years, and the older subcohort was followed up after 3 years.MEASUREMENTSCholesterol metabolism was assessed via serum noncholesterol sterol‐cholesterol ratios, and quantification was performed by gas‐liquid chromatography with flame ionization detection. All statistical analyses were performed with age and statin treatment as covariates.RESULTSAt the end of the 3‐year follow‐up, 10% of the younger and 13% of the older subcohort had died; and at the end of the 11‐year follow‐up, 40% of the younger subcohort had died. Serum total and low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and cholesterol precursors reflecting cholesterol synthesis were lower in the older than in the younger subcohort (P < .001 for all). In the older subcohort, low serum campesterol and sitosterol, reflecting decreased cholesterol absorption efficiency, predicted all‐cause mortality (P < .05). This was supported by a trend toward low serum campesterol and sitosterol predicting mortality (P = .088 and P = .079, respectively) in the younger subcohort after 11 years. Cholesterol synthesis did not predict mortality, but in the older subcohort, decreased cholesterol absorption was less efficiently compensated for by decreased cholesterol synthesis.CONCLUSIONSLow cholesterol absorption efficiency predicted all‐cause mortality, especially in men aged 83 years on average, and cholesterol synthesis was lowered. These metabolic changes could contribute to the lowering of serum total and LDL‐cholesterol in older men. J Am Geriatr Soc 68:281–287, 2020
Power and responsibility: Advertising self‐regulation and consumer protection in a digital world
Authors: Dickinson‐Delaporte Sonia , Mortimer Kathleen , Kerr Gayle , Waller David S , Kendrick Alice 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWhile advertising self‐regulation is generally considered effective in a closed, largely country‐based system, the digital world in which we now live is an open and global system. This raises challenges for consumer protection from national regulators trying to enforce compliance from global media platforms, advertisers, and consumers. Applying the power‐responsibility equilibrium, this study explores who has the power and who has the responsibility for advertising self‐regulation in a digital world. In doing so, it takes an ethnographic approach, eliciting insights from 18 key stakeholders in the self‐regulatory process, across the three geographical areas of Europe, United States, and Asia‐Pacific. The findings highlight the need for more collaboration and alignment of self‐regulatory systems and build a framework for action through embedding responsibility, aligning standards, initiating processes, and improving outcomes. Six recommendations are offered to restore the balance of power and responsibility.
Community‐based child development service fetal alcohol spectrum disorder assessment: A retrospective clinic audit
Authors: Webster Heidi , Doak Jessica , Katsikitis Mary 
Published: January 2020

AimsThe aims of the current study were to: (i) report on the diagnostic profile of a group of children assessed for fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) using the Australian Guide to the Diagnosis of FASD; and (ii) to provide information and recommendations for paediatricians and/or multidisciplinary teams conducting FASD assessments, including utilising the Australian Guide to the Diagnosis of FASD, and details of how to do FASD assessment.MethodsA retrospective chart review was conducted using relevant demographic and diagnostic data from children assessed for FASD within a community child development service.ResultsResults showed the widespread impact of FASD on the brain, with all children showing some level of impairment in at least 5 out of 10 of the neurodevelopmental domains assessed for FASD. Majority of children were diagnosed with co‐morbid attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, however, many additional co‐morbid diagnoses were evident.ConclusionsThe current study detailed the profile of children assessed for FASD and was the first to report the diagnostic profile of children assessed using the Australian Guide to the Diagnosis of FASD within a community child development service. Several recommendations are provided to assist paediatricians and multidisciplinary teams involved in child development assessments.
The Spanish version of the stressors in nursing students scale
Authors: Sarabia‐Cobo Carmen , Alconero‐Camarero Ana Rosa , González‐Gómez Silvia , Catalán-Piris María José , del Amo Setien Francisco , González‐López José Rafael 
Published: January 2020

Accessible SummaryWhat is known on the subject?

The mental health of health professionals is affected by their own work. Nurses and nursing students face high levels of stress, which results in anxiety, burnout, and depression.

There are scales that allow the measurement of specific stress levels of nursing students, especially when they first attend their clinical practices in real settings such as hospitals.

What this paper adds to existing knowledge?

Our study consists of validating an existing scale (the Stressors in Nursing Students Scale, SINS) that measures these stress levels in Spanish.

Stress is an issue for nursing students and is related to the specific stressors they encounter in the process of their professional work and study.

What are the implications for practice?

The validation and adaptation of this scale to Spain will allow us to adequately assess the stress levels of our students to give them adequate tools for the emotional control of their anxiety and stress.

Once we have a reliable and appropriate tool for measuring the factors of greater impact in the generation of stress, we can implement preventive measures which may be very useful for the control of anxiety.

AbstractIntroductionNursing professionals and students suffer a greater number of stressors with negative health consequences.AimTo translate and test a Spanish version of the Stressors in Nursing Students Scale (SINS‐S), with a cohort of nursing students in Spain. Also, we sought to examine the factor structure of this test and explore the psychometric structure of stress among this population.MethodThe SINS scale was translated into Spanish and administered to a cohort (n = 398) of male and female Spanish nursing students in the final three years of their nursing program. Data were analyzed using exploratory factor analysis.ResultsExploratory factor analysis revealed four factors: “Clinical,” “Financial,” “Confidence,” and “Education.”DiscussionThere were similarities between the perception of stressors by nursing students in Spain compared with the original version of the SINS from the United Kingdom. Stress is an issue for nursing students and is related to the specific stressors they encounter in the process of their professional work and study.
Relative expression analysis of light‐harvesting genes in the freshwater alga Lympha mucosa (Batrachospermales, Rhodophyta)
Authors: Evans Joshua R. , Vis Morgan L. 
Published: January 2020

Members of the freshwater red algal order Batrachospermales are often described as shade‐adapted. Nevertheless, recent ecophysiological studies have demonstrated species‐level differences in acclimation to a range of irradiances. Lympha mucosa occurs in open and shaded portions of temperate streams and is abundant during summer months, suggesting it tolerates high and low irradiances. Specimens of L. mucosa were collected from open (sun‐acclimated) or shaded (shade‐acclimated) sites and exposed to low (<20 μmol photons · m−2 · s−1) or high (220 μmol photon · m−2 · s−1) light for 72 h to examine mechanisms of photoacclimation at the transcriptional level. High‐throughput sequence data were used to design specific primers for genes involved with light harvesting and these were quantified with qPCR. The greatest significant difference in transcript abundances was observed in the psaA gene (Photosystem I P700 apoprotein), and site‐type had an effect on these responses. Shade‐acclimated thalli were 22‐fold down‐regulated at high light, whereas sun‐acclimated thalli were only 5‐fold down‐regulated. Another gene involved with Photosystem I (petF ferredoxin) was down‐regulated at high light, but only individuals from the shaded site were significantly different (4‐fold). In thalli from both sites, cpeA (Phycoerythrin alpha chain) was down‐regulated at high light. Although not statistically significant, patterns consistent with previous physiological and transcriptomic studies were uncovered, namely the inverse response of transcriptional activity in genes that encode phycobiliproteins. In support of previous ecophysiological studies of freshwater red algae, these data indicate significant transcriptional changes involving Photosystem I and phycobiliprotein synthesis are required to tolerate and grow at various irradiances.
Metabolite‐based genome‐wide association study enables dissection of the flavonoid decoration pathway of wheat kernels
Authors: Chen Jie , Hu Xin , Shi Taotao , Yin Huanran , Sun Dongfa , Hao Yuanfeng , Xia Xianchun , Luo Jie , Fernie Alisdair R. , He Zhonghu , Chen Wei 
Published: January 2020

SummaryThe marriage of metabolomic approaches with genetic design has proven a powerful tool in dissecting diversity in the metabolome and has additionally enhanced our understanding of complex traits. That said, such studies have rarely been carried out in wheat. In this study, we detected 805 metabolites from wheat kernels and profiled their relative contents among 182 wheat accessions, conducting a metabolite‐based genome‐wide association study (mGWAS) utilizing 14 646 previously described polymorphic SNP markers. A total of 1098 mGWAS associations were detected with large effects, within which 26 candidate genes were tentatively designated for 42 loci. Enzymatic assay of two candidates indicated they could catalyse glucosylation and subsequent malonylation of various flavonoids and thereby the major flavonoid decoration pathway of wheat kernel was dissected. Moreover, numerous high‐confidence genes associated with metabolite contents have been provided, as well as more subdivided metabolite networks which are yet to be explored within our data. These combined efforts presented the first step towards realizing metabolomics‐associated breeding of wheat.
A case of mid‐face toddler excoriation syndrome (MiTES)
Authors: Noguera‐Morel Lucero , Ortiz‐Cabrera Nelmar Valentina , Campos Minia , Hernández‐Martín Ángela , Torrelo Antonio 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe term mid‐face toddler excoriation syndrome (MiTES) has been proposed to describe a rare condition that arises in infancy as is characterized by self‐inflicted excoriations. It is considered to be a milder variant of hereditary sensory‐autonomic neuropathy (HSAN) type VIII. We present an 8‐year‐old boy with lesions on the mid‐face that were admittedly self‐induced and associated with an abnormally high pain threshold. The diagnosis and management of MiTES is reviewed.
Involvement of nitrogen in storage root growth and related gene expression in sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas)
Authors: Yao Z. , Wang Z. , Fang B. , Chen J. , Zhang X. , Luo Z. , Huang L. , Zou H. , Yang Y. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractNitrogen (N) could affect storage root growth and development of sweet potato. To manage external N concentration fluctuations, plants have developed a wide range of strategies, such as growth changes and gene expression.Five sweet potato cultivars were used to analyse the functions of N in regulating storage root growth. Growth responses and physiological indicators were measured to determine the physiological changes regulated by different N concentrations. Expression profiles of related genes were analysedviamicroarray hybridization data and qRT‐PCR analysis to reveal the molecular mechanisms of storage root growth regulated by different N concentrations.The growth responses and physiological indicators of the five cultivars were changed by N concentration. The root fresh weight of two of the sweet potato cultivars, SS19 and GS87, was higher under low N concentrations compared with the other cultivars. SS19 and GS87 were found to be having greater tolerance to low N concentration. The expression of N metabolism and storage root growth related genes was regulated by N concentration in sweet potato.These results reveal that N significantly regulated storage root growth. SS19 and GS87 were more tolerant to low N concentration and produced greater storage root yield (at 30 days). Furthermore, several N response genes were involved in both N metabolism and storage root growth.
Effects of the cognitive stimulation therapy based on Roy's adaptation model on Alzheimer's patients’ cognitive functions, coping‐adaptation skills, and quality of life: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Lok Neslihan , Buldukoglu Kadriye , Barcin Ebru 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPurposeThis study aims to specify the effects of Cognitive Stimulation Therapy based on Roy's adaptation model (RAM) on Alzheimer's patients’ coping and adaptation skills, cognitive functions, and quality of life (QOL).Design and methodsThis is an experimental and randomized controlled trial. Patients in the experimental group received cognitive stimulation therapy (CST) based on RAM.FindingsThe cognitive function level of the experimental group was found to be higher than that of the control group at the end of the measurements (performed in the 7th week); the difference was found to be statistically significant (P < .05). In the experimental group, dimensions of troubleshooting and focusing, making physical decisions, attention processing, systematizing, learning, and establishing relationships were found to be better than those of the control group after the application, and the difference was found to be statistically significant (P < .05). However, after the application, QOL of the experimental group was found to be better than that of the control group following the measurements; the difference was found to be statistically significant (P < .05).Practice implicationsPsychiatric nurses should evaluate the patients using Standardize Mini‐Mental Test Examination before applying RAM‐based CST, and they should apply CST to early‐ and mid‐stage Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients at the end of the evaluation and work with groups consisting of six persons at most. Since the cognitive functions of individuals with AD decline from the first stage, coping‐adaptation, and QOL levels will also be affected, so it is recommended to evaluate the cognitive functions, coping‐adjustment and QOL levels of individuals before applying RAM‐based CST. Trial registration number: NCT02229474
Understanding the interplay of sleep and aging: Methodological challenges
Authors: Muehlroth Beate E. , Werkle‐Bergner Markus 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn quest of new avenues to explain, predict, and treat pathophysiological conditions during aging, research on sleep and aging has flourished. Despite the great scientific potential to pinpoint mechanistic pathways between sleep, aging, and pathology, only little attention has been paid to the suitability of analytic procedures applied to study these interrelations. On the basis of electrophysiological sleep and structural brain data of healthy younger and older adults, we identify, illustrate, and resolve methodological core challenges in the study of sleep and aging. We demonstrate potential biases in common analytic approaches when applied to older populations. We argue that uncovering age‐dependent alterations in the physiology of sleep requires the development of adjusted and individualized analytic procedures that filter out age‐independent interindividual differences. Age‐adapted methodological approaches are thus required to foster the development of valid and reliable biomarkers of age‐associated cognitive pathologies.