bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Liver at endocrine diseases. Review
Authors: Gubergrits N. B. , Tsys O. V. , Byelyayeva N. V. , Linevska K. Y. 
Published: December 2024

Endocrine pathology can lead to hepatic dysfunction and, conversely, liver disease can lead to endocrine dysfunction. The prevalence of metabolic associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and complications associated with the progression of this disease have been rapidly increasing in recent decades. Lipid metabolism and cholesterol synthesis in the liver depends on the endocrine function and feedback mechanisms. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the influence of endocrine pathology in patients with MASLD, and the treatment of these conditions should be included in the complex of traditional therapy. Liver function depends on adequate thyroid hormone production, and the presence of liver pathology may adversely affect thyroid hormone production due to inadequate thyroxine conversion. The clinical consequences of hypothyroidism are varied and may result in elevated transaminase levels as well as altered hepatic metabolism. Liver dysfunction may also manifest as cholestasis. Elevated transaminase levels occur in one third of patients with hyperthyroidism. The presumed primary cause is increased metabolic demands resulting in hypoperfusion and mild hepatic ischemia.
Glycogen hepatopathy is a rare complication of poorly controlled type 1 diabetes mellitus, it is characterized цшер hepatomegaly, elevation of liver enzymes and accumulation of glycogen in the liver. This hepatopathy is often misdiagnosed as MASLD, with the correct diagnosis depending on the results of a liver biopsy with a PAS reaction. Estrogens can cause intrahepatic cholestasis in premenopausal women using oral contraceptives, in postmenopausal women taking hormone replacement therapy, and in men receiving estrogens for prostate cancer. Increased glucocorticoid levels in Cushing’s syndrome are involved in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance, obesity, metabolic syndrome, and MASLD. Patients with primary hyperaldosteronism have an increased risk of developing metabolic syndrome, impaired glucose metabolism, insulin resistance, and MASLD.
In patients with advanced liver damage, proper monitoring of endocrine function is necessary, especially in decompensated cirrhosis and acute liver failure.
Hepatic encephalopathy and driving safety: A survey of patient counseling and regulatory reporting by health care professionals in British Columbia, Canada
Authors: Aboalfaraj Nawaf T , Talab Rana K , Hemy Alexander R , Talab Sedrah K , Yoshida Eric M 
Published: December 2024

Background: Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a neuropsychiatric syndrome resulting from liver dysfunction, leading to significant cognitive and motor impairments. These impairments can severely affect daily activities, including driving. This research explores the public safety issue of HE and driving safety, focusing on the knowledge and practices of health care professionals. Methods: An electronic survey was distributed across various institutions in British Columbia, Canada, targeting 191 health care professionals, including attending physicians, residents, nurse practitioners, medical students, and fellows from various specialties. The survey assessed the training received, frequency of discussions about driving safety, and actions taken regarding advising patients to stop driving. Results: This study revealed significant gaps in addressing driving safety protocols by health care providers among patients with HE. Only 19.9% of professionals routinely ask their patients about driving, and few engage in specific discussions about driving safety. Internal medicine and gastroenterology specialists, who are most likely to care for patients with HE, reported low practices of screening for and educating about HE and driving safety. Conclusions: The findings underscore the need for increased awareness and proactive discussions among health care providers regarding driving safety in patients with HE. Implementing routine assessments and discussions in HE management protocols can enhance patient safety. Future research should focus on developing standardized guidelines and evaluating the effectiveness of interventions in reducing driving-related risks.
The effect of spatial variation on linkage to care and treatment rates among patients with hepatitis C: A Canadian population-based study
Authors: Gill Shubhreet , Shahid Rizwan , Somayaji Ranjani , Brahmania Mayur , Jiang Jason , Chishtie Jawad , Bertazzon Stefania , Shaheen Abdel-Aziz 
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Despite significant global efforts towards eliminating hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, multiple challenges remain in achieving this goal. In this study, we assessed the impact of geographical variation on HCV diagnosis and treatment rates in Alberta, Canada. Methods: Adults aged ≥20 years with a positive HCV antibody were identified from the provincial administrative sources from the fiscal years 2012 through 2017. To assess the differences across Alberta's rural-urban continuum, high-resolution spatial analyses using global and local spatial autocorrelation were applied to the HCV age- and sex-standardized prevalence rate at the sub-local geographic area level. We compared and tested differences in HCV RNA tests, HCV RNA positivity rates, and HCV treatment status across the different areas. Results: Between 2012 and 2017, we identified 18,768 patients who had tested positive for HCV Ab. Within this cohort, only 63.1% had HCV RNA repetitive. The HCV RNA positivity rate was 42.1%, and 65.3% had received HCV treatment after testing as HCV RNA positive. HCV Ab positive case counts exhibited a spatial distribution consistent with that of the population at risk: 67.5% in metro, 11.1% in urban, 19.7% in rural, and 1.8% in remote areas. The metropolitan area of Edmonton's age-and sex-standardized prevalence of 8.2 (95% CI 8.0–8.4) per 1,000 persons was higher than Calgary's standardized prevalence of 5.0 (95% CI 5.1–5.4) per 1,000 persons ( p < 0.001). HCV RNA and HCV treatment rates demonstrated significant spatial variation. Conclusions: HCV prevalence, diagnosis, and treatment exhibit significant spatial variation across rural-urban Alberta. Implementation of geographically oriented screening and treatment interventions would result in a time- and cost-efficient HCV elimination strategy.
Management of antiretroviral therapy and opportunistic infections in people living with HIV undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplant in British Columbia
Authors: Oravec Torrance , Ready Erin , Hull Mark , Wright Alissa 
Published: December 2024

Background: A growing number of people living with HIV (PLWH) are developing an indication for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). While overlapping immunosuppression and medication interactions make this a complicated situation, the risk is mitigable, and PLWH should have similar access to HSCT as the general population. There are currently no guidelines available for the management of HSCT in PLWH, and through this document we hope to provide initial guidance. Methods: We performed a non-systematic review of published English-language literature regarding medication and opportunistic infection risk management in both PLWH and HSCT recipients, as well as local, national, and international guidelines. We then generated recommendations for PLWH undergoing HSCT that went through multiple rounds of review with the authors and expert peers. Results: Patients living with well-controlled HIV are expected to have similar outcomes with HSCT as people without HIV. Focus should be on minimizing interruptions in antiretroviral therapy, avoiding drug-drug interactions (minimized with integrase strand transfer inhibitors), and managing overlapping toxicities. Opportunistic infections common in both advanced HIV and in HSCT include Pneumocystis pneumonia, toxoplasmosis, herpes simplex virus, varicella zoster virus, and cytomegalovirus, with nontuberculous mycobacteria and cryptococcosis being somewhat more common in advanced HIV. Assuming a patient has well-controlled HIV, most of the opportunistic infection risk is due to transplant-related immunosuppression, and we provide specific prophylactic recommendations. Conclusions: PLWH should have similar access to HSCT as people without HIV, and we offer this document as guidance to support hematology/oncology providers.
Exploring Ontario's Physical Therapy Recent Graduates’ Experience with Resilience in the First Few Years of Clinical Practice
Authors: Mandel Noah , Weigel Logan , Durham Taylor , Purvis Matthias , Young Jessie , Okorosobo Shalom , Yeung Euson , MacKinnon Melanie 
Published: December 2024

Purpose: This study aims to describe Ontario's recent physical therapy graduates’ experiences with resilience during their transition to independent clinical practice. Methods: A cross-sectional web-based survey was developed to identify perceived barriers and facilitators to resilience, to investigate resilience using the Resilience Scale for Adults (RSA) and determine factors impacting the RSA. A 7-point Likert scale was used for the RSA and to identify barriers and facilitators to resilience. Results: Sixty-four participants were included in the study. Mean total RSA score was 5.12 out of 7. Those who rated family relationships, peer relationships, and autonomy as barriers rather than facilitators (4.58 vs. 5.30, 4.71 vs. 5.18, 4.71 vs. 5.25, respectively) had significantly lower total resilience scores, as did 2020 graduates compared to other graduates (4.79 vs. 5.25) and physios working in hospitals versus private sector (4.89 vs. 5.28). Conclusions: This study deepens our understanding regarding factors that shape physical therapy recent graduates’ experiences with resilience, such as work setting, autonomy, and relationships with peers and family.
Implementasi PERMA Nomor 4 Tahun 2019 Perubahan atas PERMA Nomor 2 Tahun 2015 Tentang Tata Cara Penyelesaian Gugatan Sederhana
Authors: Rhamadani Putri Utari , Dilova Gisha , Badri Ainul 
Published: December 2024

Tujuan dilakukan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimanakah implementasi PERMA Nomor 4 Tahun 2019 perubahan atas PERMA Nomor 2 Tahun 2015 tentang tata cara penyelesaian gugatan sederhana di Pengadilan Negeri Pulau Punjung terjadi ketidaksesuaian jangka waktu penyelesaian gugatan sederhana. Metode penelitian yang digunakan penulis adalah empiris, bersifat kualitatif dan termasuk penelitian deskriptif. PERMA Nomor 4 Tahun 2019 perubahan atas PERMA Nomor 2 Tahun 2015 merupakan kebijakan Mahkamah Agung dalam mengisi kekosongan hukum acara perdata untuk menyelesaikan perkara-perkara perdata sederhana yang sebelumnya diselesaikan dengan proses hukum acara perdata biasa. Tujuan dibuatnya PERMA ini guna menyelesaikan perkara dengan sederhana, cepat dan biaya ringan karena memiliki batasan nilai kerugian sebesar Rp500.000.000 (lima ratus juta rupiah) dengan jangka waktu yang sangat singkat dan dibatasi selama 25 hari kerja sejak hari sidang pertama
TINJAUAN HUKUM PEMBERIAN DIVERSI BAGI RESIDIVIS ANAK DALAM PERSPEKTIF PEMENUHAN KEADILAN RESTORATIF
Authors: Zubaba Bagaz , Tarisa Arivia Cinta 
Published: December 2024

Abstrak
Sistem peradilan pidana anak mengedepankan konsep perlindungan dan kepentingan terbaik bagi anak. Oleh karena itu, semua proses dan tindakan terhadap anak yang berhadapan dengan hukum harus mencerminkan prinsip keadilan restoratif, yang bertujuan untuk menerapkan proses diversifikasi, hal demikian yang menujukan bahwa terdapat suatu pembeda dan keistimewaan diantara penyelesaian perkara tindak pidana yang dilakukan oleh anak dengan tindak pidana yang dilakukan oleh orang biasa. Namun, ketentuan dalam penyelesaian perkara anak melalui sistem peradilan pidana anak yang berkonsep untuk melindungi anak belum sepenuhnya terwujud dengan baik dan optimal. terlihat dari pengaturan yang terlalu kaku terhadap pelaksanaan proses diversi yang ditunjukkan dengan adanya pembatasan pada proses diversifikasi bagi residivis anak yang tidak dapat diterapkan. Pengecualian bagi anak yang telah melakukan pelanggaran berulang menjadi masalah dalam penanganan perkara yang seharusnya mengedepankan prinsip keadilan restoratif untuk melindungi anak. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian normatif yuridis, berdasarkan peraturan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual. Dalam penyelesaian perkara anak perlu didasarkan pada prinsip keadilan restoratif agar dapat memenuhi hak-hak anak tanpa terkecuali residiv anak, melalui pemberian ruang untuk dapat menyelesaikan perkara melalui diversi bagi residiv anak akan mampu menjamin terhadap kestabilan mental, psikis, dan moral anak, mengingat yang menjadi dasar dari adanya proses diversi kiranya untuk menciptakan pemulihan bagi anak dan korban untuk nanti dalam proses perkembangannya menjadi pribadi yang baik. Pun demikian didalam proses diversi bukanlah suatu paksaan yang harus diselesaikan dan dipaksa untuk bersepakat, namun proses diversi ini dijadikan sebagai suatu upayah penyelesaian secara berkeadilan tanpa harus mengorbankan dan mengesampingkan perlindungan bagi residiv anak.
The relation between social anxiety and perceptions of likeability and friendship in adolescents
Authors: Baartmans Jeanine M. D. , van Steensel Bonny F. J. A. , Pouwels J. Loes , Lansu Tessa A. M. , Wiers Reinout W. H. J. , Bögels Susan M. , Klein Anke M. 
Published: December 2024

Background
This study investigated how different social anxiety symptoms (i.e., worrying about negative evaluation versus avoidance tendencies) in adolescents are related to the perception accuracy of likeability by peers and friendships with peers.

Method
A community sample of 263 adolescents between 12 and 15 years old reported on their social anxiety symptoms. In addition, they estimated how much their peers liked them, indicated how much they liked their peers, and who their friends were in their classroom.

Results
Results showed that socially anxious adolescents who mainly worried about negative evaluations, underestimated their likeability by peers. Adolescents with strong social avoidance tendencies had a more accurate perception of their likeability and friendships; they were less liked by their peers and had fewer friends.

Conclusion
The results emphasize the importance of treating avoidance behavior in social anxiety since avoidance tendencies may not only maintain the social anxiety symptoms but are also related to a more negative judgment by others.
Impact Of Giving Cucumber Juice Changes Blood Pressure In Elderly Hypertension Sufferers At Integrated Service Post For The Elderly “X” In Malang Regency
Authors: Sutiyarsih Emy , Sulartri Anastasia Sri , Ariesti Ellia 
Published: December 2024

Hypertension is known as a silent killer because many individuals are unaware that they have high blood pressure, which can lead to significant health complications and various diseases. Treatment modalities includes pharmacological intervention (medication) and non-pharmacological intervention (treatment without chemicals). Consuming fruits and vegetables rich in vitamins, water, and minerals such as cucumbers can be utilized as non-pharmacological treatments to manage blood pressure. Cucumbers contain potassium, which helps to dilate blood vessels thereby reducing blood pressure. This study aims to determine the impact of administering cucumber juice to elderly individuals with hypertension. The research design employed quasi-experimental design, with the one group of pre-post-test method. The study included 30 respondents whose blood pressure was measured before and after consuming cucumber juice. The results were analyzed using Wilcoxon analysis test, with a p-value of 0.0001 0.05, indicating a significant impact of cucumber juice to elderly with hypertension. The Health Center is encouraged to implement and advocated for the use of cucumber juice as a non-pharmacological intervention for managing hypertension among the elderly.
Educational data mining: factors influencing medical student success and the exploration of visualization techniques
Authors: Rueangket Ploywarong , Thaebanpakul Chulaluck , Sakboonyarat Boonsub , Prayote Akara 
Published: December 2024

ObjectivesMedical student education is critical in equipping future doctors to impact patient healthcare and the national public health system significantly. This study aimed to identify factors influencing student academic success (honors level or high-grade group) among medical students using data mining techniques applied to multidimensional educational data.Materials and methodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted using a standardized questionnaire administered to 145 medical students. A total of 13 factors spanning four domains—academic activity, demographics, environment, and psychology or learning style—were examined. The prevalence ratio (PR) and adjusted prevalence ratio (APR) were calculated using multivariate logistic regression. Unsupervised learning techniques, including cluster analysis and association rules, were used to identify hidden patterns. Visualization techniques, such as heatmaps and centroid plots derived from cluster analysis, were employed to depict data relationships and facilitate the interpretation of key trends. Internal validation was also evaluated.ResultsAmong the 13 factors analyzed, logistic regression identified a pre-med GPAX ≥3.75 and an interest in internal medicine as statistically significant predictors of high academic performance, with adjusted prevalence ratios (APRs) of 1.73 (95% CI, 1.02–2.91, p = 0.040) and 1.52 (95% CI, 1.14–2.03, p = 0.005), respectively. Cluster analysis revealed characteristic traits of high-grade students, including metropolitan residence, very high pre-med GPAX, and a preference for kinesthetic and reading learning styles. Association rules analysis further emphasized the importance of environmental factors, particularly transportation time to school and access to learning resources, in supporting academic success.ConclusionEducational data mining (EDM) provided valuable insights into factors contributing to medical student success. Logistic regression highlighted pre-med GPAX and an interest in internal medicine as key predictors. Cluster analysis uncovered patterns linking learning styles and academic performance, while association rules emphasized the role of environmental factors, such as school proximity and resource availability. Together, these methods provide a comprehensive and visually engaging framework to inform educational planning, potentially generating novel insights for addressing medical challenges and enhancing clinical practice.
Prevalence, correlates of psychological distress and mental health challenges among college and university students during the COVID-19 lockdowns in South Africa
Authors: Sifunda Sibusiso , Sewpaul Ronel , Mokhele Tholang , Mabaso Musawenkosi , Naidoo Inbarani , Dukhi Natisha , Parker Saahier , Davids Adlai , Zungu Nompumelelo , Shisana Olive , Makgalemane Ruth , Thakoordeen-Reddy Semone , Reddy Priscilla 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionThe outbreak of the SARS COVID-19 pandemic in late 2019 led to a total disruption of life and impacted mental health negatively worldwide. Studies across many countries showed the impact of COVID-19 on the mental health status of students enrolled in higher institutions due to the disruption of the school year and learning. This study was aimed a measuring the prevalence and psychosocial determinants of psychological distress experienced by college and university students during the COVID-19 lockdowns in South Africa.MethodsStudents aged 18–35 years that were enrolled at tertiary institutions nationally were invited to participate in the online survey. The survey was conducted at the peak of the epidemic in South Africa from 18 June till 18 September 2020. The Kessler −10 (K10) screening scale was used to measure psychological distress among students.ResultsA total of 6,810 young people aged of between 18 and 35 years participated in the study. The majority of these students were aged between 18 and 24 years old (83.9%). About one third (66.7%) of the youth reported that they had mild to severe distress (MSD). The prevalence of psychological distress among the youth differed significantly by age group, gender, risk perception of contracting COVID-19, year of study, institution and community type (p &lt; 0.05). Logistics regression investigated the socio-demographic factors associated with psychological distress. Older students aged 25–29 years (aOR = 0.74, 95% CI 0.62–0.88) and 30–35 years (aOR = 0.73, 95% CI 0.55–0.97), male students (aOR = 0.83, 95% CI 0.72–0.95) and those with moderate (aOR = 0.68, 95% CI 0.49–0.95), low (aOR = 0.41, 95% CI [0.30–0.57]) and very low (aOR = 0.22, 95% CI 0.16–0.31) risk perceptions of contracting COVID-19 were significantly less likely to experience MSD. Fourth year students (aOR = 1.39, 95% CI 1.14–1.69), and students in universities of technology (aOR = 1.56, 95% CI 1.20–2.04) were significantly more likely to have MSD.DiscussionThis study showed high prevalence rates of psychological distress among students during the COVID-19 pandemic. These finding highlights the need for tertiary institutions to put holistic mental health services and interventions at the center of their health and wellness programs.
Current status and trends of illegal trade in hawksbill turtle products in Hainan Island, China
Authors: Ji Xinyu , Wang Zhao , Zhang Ting , Chen Dehui , Yang Wenxiang , Li Meimei , Shi Haitao , Lin Liu 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionIllegal wildlife trade is among the most profitable illegal businesses worldwide. The hawksbill turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata), which has been listed as Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List, has long been a prominent target of illegal wildlife trading worldwide, thus posing a substantial threat to its continued survival. In China, although Hainan Island is the largest trading area and the most important transit point for the illegal trade of hawksbill turtles, very few investigations of this trade have been conducted here.MethodsIn this study, from 2019 to 2020, we conducted field investigations to assess the extent of the illegal trade in hawksbill turtle products in nine cities on Hainan Island.ResultsAmong the 878 shops surveyed in 2019, 157 shops (17.9%) sold hawksbill turtle products, totaling 6,208 pieces. In 2020, 122 shops (13.6%) of 895 surveyed shops sold such products, totaling 1,821 pieces. Thus, these findings indicate that the number of shops selling hawksbill turtle products and the total number of products sold declined in 2020. Among the surveyed cities, the highest levels of illegal trade in hawksbill turtle products were recorded in Haikou and Sanya, the capital city of Hainan and a renowned tourist city, respectively. Jewelry and craft shops were found to produce the most products, accounting for 98.0% of the shops surveyed. Accessories such as bracelets and necklaces accounted for the highest proportions of hawksbill turtle products, representing 72.5% and 92.9% of the total in 2019 and 2020, respectively.DiscussionThe observed decline in illegal trade in 2020 can be attributed to a combination of factors, including a strengthening of government law enforcement and supervision after the COVID-19 pandemic, a shift in illegal trade from offline to online activities, and a reduction in tourists. Law enforcement agencies should continue strict enforcement and supervision to effectively combat illegal trade, particularly in the key trading areas of Haikou and Sanya. Additionally, authorities should emphasize public education to increase awareness of wildlife conservation and relevant legislation. The findings of this study will serve as a vital reference for relevant law enforcement agencies, contributing to the effective combatting and prevention of the illegal hawksbill turtle trade in China.