bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental investigation on the nanoindentation viscoelastic constitutive model of quartz and kaolinite in mudstone
Authors: Sun Changlun , Li Guichen , Elgharib Gomah Mohamed , Xu Jiahui , Rong Haoyu 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The creep behaviors in deep underground engineering structures, especially in soft rocks, have a remarkable impact on the long-term stability of the excavations, which finally leads to the high risk and failure of it. Accordingly, it is essential to recognize the time-dependent deformation through the investigation of this phenomenon. In this study, the creep behaviors of soft rocks have been widely examined to help understand the underlying mechanism of the extended time-dependent deformation. Due to the limited results about the time-dependent properties of the constituents of the rock that reveal their heterogeneity, the targeting nanoindentation technique (TNIT), was adopted to investigate the viscoelastic characteristics of kaolinite and quartz in a two-constituent mudstone sample. The TNIT consists of identifications of mineralogical ingredients in mudstone with nanoindentation experiments on each identified constituent. After conducting experiments, the unloading stages of the typical indentation curves were analyzed to calculate the hardness and elastic modulus of both elements in mudstone. Additionally, the 180 s load-holding stages with the peak load of 50 mN were transformed into the typical creep strain-time curves for fitting analysis by using the Kelvin model, the standard viscoelastic model, and the extended viscoelastic model. Fitting results show that the standard viscoelastic model not only can perfectly express the nanoindentation creep behaviors of both kaolinite and quartz but also can produce suitable constants used to measure their creep parameters. Furthermore, the creep parameters of kaolinite are much smaller than that of quartz, which causes the considerable time-dependent deformation of the soft mudstone. Eventually, the standard viscoelastic model was also verified on the quartz in a sandstone sample.
Risk factors for anastomotic leakage and its impact on long-term survival in left-sided colorectal cancer surgery
Authors: Kryzauskas Marius , Bausys Augustinas , Degutyte Austeja Elzbieta , Abeciunas Vilius , Poskus Eligijus , Bausys Rimantas , Dulskas Audrius , Strupas Kestutis , Poskus Tomas 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Anastomotic leakage (AL) significantly impairs short-term outcomes. The impact on the long-term outcomes remains unclear. This study aimed to identify the risk factors for AL and the impact on long-term survival in patients with left-sided colorectal cancer.Methods: Nine-hundred patients with left-sided colorectal carcinoma who underwent sigmoid or rectal resection were enrolled in the study. Risk factors for AL after sigmoid or rectal resection were identified and long-term outcomes of patients with and without AL were compared.Results: AL rates following sigmoid and rectal resection were 5.1% and 10.7%, respectively. Higher ASA score (III-IV; OR=10.54, p=0.007) was associated with AL in patients undergoing sigmoid surgery on multivariable analysis. Male sex (OR=2.40, p=0.004), CCI score >5 (OR=1.72, p=0.025) and T3/T4 stage tumors (OR=2.25, p=0.017) were risk factors for AL after rectal resection on multivariable analysis. AL impaired disease-free and overall survival in patients undergoing sigmoid (p=0.009 and p=0.001) and rectal (p=0.003 and p=0.014) surgery.Conclusion: ASA score of III-IV is an independent risk factor for AL after sigmoid surgery and male sex, higher CCI score, and advanced T stage are risk factors for AL after rectal surgery. AL impairs the long-term survival in patients undergoing left-sided colorectal surgery.
Quality change mechanism and drinking safety of repeatedly-boiled water and prolonged-boil water: a comparative study
Authors: Zhai Yuanzheng , Yang Jingwen , Zhu Yaguang , Du Qingqing , Yuan Wenzhen , Lu Hong 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Quality, safety and potability of repeatedly-boiled water (RBW) and prolonged-boil water (PBW) lead to concern and even misgivings in the public from time to time, especially in China, and other societies have a habit of drinking boiled water, with improvements of living standards and owing to increasing concerns for human health. This phenomenon is mainly attributed to the fact that the conclusions drawn from existing scientific experiments could not respond well to the concerns. In order to make up for this deficiency, tap water was selected to carry out RBW and PBW experiments independently. The quality changes of RBW and PBW show very similar trends that are not as great as might be imagined, and both are impacted by the tap water quality and the physiochemical effects. The dominating physiochemical effects are the water evaporation and the resulting concentration of unreactive components (most dissolved components), which can be easily explained by the existing evaporation-concentration theory. The results show that tap water will be still safe and potable after being frequently boiled or after having undergone prolonged boiling, as long as it satisfies the sanitary standards of drinking water prior to heating. Therefore, there is no need to worry about drinking RBW or PBW in daily life.
Kajian Tingkat Kepercayaan Publik Terhadap Dewan Perwakilan Daerah Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara
Authors: La Husen Zuada  , Samad Muhammad Ahsan , Aisyah Nur 
Published: July 2020

Tulisan ini mengkaji tentang tingkat kepercayaan publik terhadap DPRD Sulawesi Tenggara. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskrpitif kuantiatif. Teknik pengumpulan data digunakan melalui metode angket, teknik dokumentasi, teknik wawancara, dan focus group discucssion. Hasil penelitian menujukkan bahwa tingkat kepercayaan publik terhadap DPRD Sulawesi Tenggara berada dalam kategori sedang dengan skor tingkat kepercayaan publik 3,23 skala likert dengan rentang kriteria sebesar 64,47 % . Penelitian ini merekomendasikan strategi meningkatkan kepercayaan publik, meliputi: a). Peningkatan akuntabilitas dan transparansi DPRD; b). Penguatan kelembagaan DPRD; c). Peningkatan pemahaman masyarakat tentang DPRD; d). Meningkatkan dukungan administrasi dan teknis terhadap pelaksanaan fungsi dan tugas DPRD; e). Peningakatan dukungan tenaga ahli/staf ahli; f). Optimalisasi peran Humas DPRD; g). Perwujudan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi yang terintegrasi; h). Pengelolaan website, penggunaan media sosial dan penyediaan TV dan Radio Parlemen serta majalah parlemen.
Permasalahan Pekerja Anak Di Kota Kendari
Authors: Elwan La Ode Muhammad , Aslim La Ode 
Published: July 2020

Faktor kemiskinan dan tidak terjangkaunya biaya pendidikan mendorong anak meninggalkan bangku sekolah dan beralih menjadi pekerja anak. Permasalahan pekerja anak di Kota Kendari perlu dicermati dan disikapi dengan baik, di kota Kendari banyak terdapat anak bekerja di sektor informal: tukang pikul di pelabuhan dan di pasar tradisional, tukang parkir, penjual asongan di traffic light dan jasa pencucian kendaraan, pengamen, peminta sumbangan, pemulung dan pengemis. Sangat urgen untuk dilakukan Analisis keputusan anak untuk bekerja di Kota Kendari Sulawesi Tenggara Indonesia. Tujuanpenelitian untuk menganalisis faktor yang mempengaruhi keputusan anak untuk bekerja dan mengidentifikasi permasalahan pekerja anak di Kota Kendari. Penelitian menggunakan metode mix kuantitatif dan kualitatif, jumlah responden 120 orang (pekerja anak dan orangtua), menggunakan teknik analisa data deskriptif, Analisis Statistik (Uji Z, Uji F dan Uji R2 Mc Fadden). Hasil penelitian dan analisis uji statistik menunjukan bahwa terdapat dua variabel bebas berpengaruh kuat (nilai signifikasi) yakni pendapatan kepala rumah tangga (X1) dan lingkungan anak (D2) mempengaruhi keputusan anak untuk bekerja dan variable bebas lain saling mempengaruhi. Karakteristik rumah tangga dan pekerja anak Kota Kendari secara umum adalah keluarga miskin sehingga mempengaruhi anak untuk bekerja. Kesimpulan penelitian adalah faktor kemiskinan rumah tangga pekerja anak memberikan pengaruh kuat terhadap anak untuk bekerja, dan rata-rata anak yang bekerja didasari atas kemauan sendiri, juga dipengaruhi oleh masih lemahnya intervensi pemerintah dalam penanggulangan permasalahan pekerja anak
Penguatan Program Prioritas Pemerintah Daerah Dalam Mewujudkan Good Governance Di Kabupaten Gorontalo
Authors: Napir Suaib , Junus Dikson 
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis, mengidentifikasi dan mendeskripsikan bagaimana penguatan Program Prioritas Pemerintah Daerah dalam mewudjukan good governace di Kabupaten Gorontalo. Metode Penelitian: Menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif, teknik pengumpulan data; observasi, wawancara dan dokumen. teknik analisis data model interaktif Miles, Huberman dan Saldana (2014). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: pertama, Indeks Profesionalitas Aparatur Sipil Negara (ASN) Pemerintah Kabupaten Gorontalo tahun 2018, secara umum memperoleh nilai 50,64 pada kategori Sangat Rendah. Hasil pehitungan indeks terdiri dari: Kategori tingkat profesionatitas ASN, dari 64 OPD, 1 OPD mendapatkan hasil IP kategori sedang, 10 OPD kategori rendah, dan 53 kategori sangat rendah. Kedua, Kualitas ASN masih kurang optimal dalam implementasi kebijakan terkait dengan Program Prioritas Pemerintah Kabupaten Gorontalo yang terdapat dalam dokumen RPJMD 2016-2021, sehingga ukuran indeks professional ASN pemerintah Kabupaten Gorontalo tahun 2018 sebanyak 85,71 persen masuk kedalam kategori sangat rendah
Analisis Penerapan Demokrasi Politik Pemerintahan dan Kesejahteraan Sosial di Indonesia
Authors: Indar Arifin  
Published: July 2020

Demokrasi, adalah sebuah sistem politik pemerintahan yang perlu diperjuangan oleh rakyat, setelah kekuatan monarki dan oligarky dianggap tidak memadai untuk menjawab masalah kesejahteraan, kenyamanan, kebebasan berpendapat, dan berbagai kebebasan lainnya. Mungkin itulah kata kunci yang paling utama untuk memaknai penerapan demokrasi politik dan pemerintahan di Indonesia yang bertujuan akhir adalah dalam rangka mencapai kesejahteraan sosial. From the people, by the people, for the people demikian kata Abraham Lincoln, yang kemudian menjadi konsep yang sangat dasar dan relevan untuk memadukan antara ideologi sebuah negara dan peta politik pemerintahan menuju cita cita tersebut. Demikian Idiologi sebuah Negara dan peta politik pemerintahan idealnya memiliki orientasi terhadap kesejahteraan Sosial, terlebih dinegara yang memiliki idiologi berkarakter keadilan sosial (Pancasiala dengan sila kelimanya), dan memiliki komitmen sebagai negara kesejahteraan (welfare state) yang menitikberatkan pada kepentingan kesejahteraan warganegaranya. Penerapan demokrasi yang dimaksud Abraham Lincoln tentu saja diharapkan dapat menyentuh kehidupan dan kesejahteraan (sosial) yang dimaksud, yakni dapat memperkecil kesenjangan antara masyarakat kaya dan masyarakat miskin, bukan hanya sebagai kiasan belaka dan menjadi mitos demokrasi dan kesejahetraan sosial bagi warganya. Demokrasi bukanlah sebagai alat negara untuk mendapatkan keuntungan politik untuk kesejahteraan kaum elit saja, demokrasi tidak dibuat menjadi tontonan rakyat yang “vulgar”, dan dijadikan arena panggung seni “sandiwara” elite politik di Indonesia, akan tetapi demokrasi selayaknya dapat memberi garansi kepada rakyat tentang tujuan akhirnya yakni keadilan sosial bagi seluruh rakyat Indonesia. Demokrasi dianggap sebagai solusi untuk dapat menyelesaikan berbagai masalah kesejahteraan sosial di Indonesia sebagai soal yang paling urgen ditanah air.
Experimental and Simulation Investigation of Bending Moment Effect on Hollow Columns of Multi-layers of Hybrid Materials
Authors: A. Ramadhan Ayad 
Published: July 2020

This paper presented the effect of bending on multi-layer of hollow columns of Hybrid materials (Carbon-Glass /epoxy-Alumina) composite this effect occurred and volume fraction of fibers. An experimental procedure was developed to study the performance of these effects under bending load using a hydraulic bending device type (MATEST. SRL) testing machine. This study has three forms through the selection of columns hollows width to thickness (a/b) (0.5, 1 and 2) with three types of layers of samples (2,4 and8) layers. The ultimate load of failure for each Hybrid/epoxy-Al2O3 had been determined and specified the optimum volume fraction (Vf) due to the effect of mixing 50% and 60% were low in the case for compared 55% volume fraction. To simulate this problem the researcher used Explicit Mesh for AUTODYN under ANSYS-15 software, it was found that maximum bending load for Hybrid/ Epoxy-Al2O3 Specimens, the maximum load of specimens increased with increasing number of layers from 2L to 8L. The results also identified that the maximum load capacity by 55% volume fraction and a/b=0.5 of all composite specimens was highest from the others types of (50% and 60%) volume fractions and (a/b=1 and a/b=2) .Also, the Increasing ratio of stress capacity for specimens have 4 to 2 layers (4/2) and 8 to 4 (8/4) for experimental results have maximum value with increasing by 48.19% and 46.84% at (Sp.4#8/Sp.2#4) and (Sp.8#6/Sp.4#6) respectively.
Flow Separation Control of Backward-Facing Step Airfoil NACA0015 by Blowing Technique
Authors: N. Abed Khuder 
Published: July 2020

The aim of this paper is to control the flow separation above backward-facing step (BFS) airfoil type NACA 0015 by blowing method. The flow field over airfoil has been studied both experimentally and computationally. The study was divided into two parts: a practical study through which NACA 0015 type with a backward -facing step (located at 44.4% c from leading edge) on the upper surface containing blowing holes parallel to the airfoil chord was used. The tests were done over two-dimensional airfoil in an open circuit suction subsonic wind tunnel with flow velocity 25m/s to obtain the pressure distribution coefficients. A numerical study was done by using ANSYS Fluent software version 16.0 on three models of NACA 0015, the first one has backward-facing step without blowing, the second with single blowing holes and the third have multi blowing holes technique. Both studies (experimental and numerical) were done at low Reynolds number (Re=4.4x105) and all models have chord length 0.27m.The experimental investigations and CFD simulations have been performed on the same geometry dimensions, it has been observed that the flow separation on the airfoil can be delayed by using velocity blowing (30m/s) on the upper surface. The multi blowing holes with velocity improved the aerodynamics properties.The multi blowing holes and single blowing hole thesame effect onpressure distribution coefficients
Certain International Legal Issues of Energy Policy of the European Union
Authors: Pushkareva, E F. , Mityushkin V. A. 
Published: July 2020

INTRODUCTION. One of the main tasks facing states in the context of growing world population is to satisfy the growing need to provide stable, cheap and environmentally safe energy. These issues can be addressed both through legal regulation and through the introduction of new technologies, including the gradual transition to renewable energy sources. Th European Union can be considered an undisputed leader in this field, which has carried out a major transformation of its internal energy market over the past two decades, resulting in a revision of traditional mechanisms of its functioning. However, the new legal order has led to new challenges, including those of an international nature, which must be addressed exclusively within the framework of international law. In this regard, this article analyzes current legal issues related to functioning of the EU energy market and their relationship with international law, including obligations arising from the WTO agreements, the UNCLOS as well as environmental treaties. In particular, special attention is given to the analysis of the main gas-related provisions of the Third Energy Package as well to the implementation of the cross-border gas pipeline project Nord Stream 2. Finally, the article covers the key points of the recently adopted Clean energy for all Europeans package.MATERIALS AND METHODS. The study is based on multilateral international treaties as well as legal acts and other offi al documents adopted within the European Union. The study is also based on the teachings of domestic and foreign researchers. The authors use general scientific methods as well as special methods such as historical, systematic, formal and comparative.RESEARCH RESULTS. The study shows that the acts adopted within the European Union in the field of energy may be in conflict with certain international rules, enshrined in the WTO agreements and the UNCLOS. In addition, the authors show that the implementation of the Third Energy Package by the EU Member States should be carried out taking into account the compatibility of the adopted norms with international legal standards on environmental protection.DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS. Th authors conclude that despite the severity of the European legislation, it should be based on international law, which can restore the broken balance in relations with involved parties, primarily with Russia. The authors also propose to develop and adopt a number of instruments on environmental protection from damage caused by energy activities, including the prevention of transboundary air pollution over long distances and in the course of development and production of fuel and energy resources of the seabed.
Peculiarities of Establishing Mediation in Uzbekistan as an Outof-Court Dispute Resolution
Authors: Ismailova R Sh. 
Published: July 2020

INTRODUCTION. The main purpose of current article is to analyze the measure taken in order to successfully implement mediation in the Republic of Uzbekistan and identify areas in need of further reform. This article reflects the existing situation on the implementation of the mediation procedure in the Republic of Uzbekistan, reveals the existing legislative framework and draws attention to the gaps. It contains changes in legislation made in connection with the entry into force of the Law “On Mediation”, namely, changes made in the Civil Procedure, Civil, Tax, Economic Procedure Codes, as well as to the Law “On Domestic Arbitration Courts”.MATERIALS AND METHODS. In preparation of the article the author studied the experience of Singapore, China, Germany, Italy and other states on implementation of mediation, there is a comparison of court annexed and private mediation, the advantages and disadvantages of mediation have also been noted, as well as features of the introduction of mediation have also been identified. There are several methods that have been applied during the research such as comparative, empiric, historical and legal ones.RESEARCH RESULTS. The article reveals some problems of introducing mediation at the present stage of development of society, briefly reveals the content of the law “On Mediation”, which regulates relations connected with the use of mediation to disputes arising from civil law relations, including in connection with business activities, as well as individual labor disputes and disputes arising from family relations. This article also provides some recommendations for the successful implementation of the institute of mediation in Uzbekistan, as well as the popularization of this institution among the population.DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION. In the article there is the recommendation to develop a strategy for the development and promotion of mediation, to train all students of the jurisprudence in the “Mediation” discipline, to identify commercial mediation as one of the training directions for mediators, to introduce judicial mediation and to make the mediation procedure mandatory for a certain types of cases. First session of mediation is advised to be obligatory and the continuation of the procedure is left to the will of the parties. Besides that, there is a proposal to amend the legislation noting that organization with state ownership should add mediation clause to their contracts.
International Protection of Human Rights and the Activity of Transnational Corporations.
Authors: Sinyavskiy A. A. 
Published: July 2020

INTRODUCTION. This study analyzes available remedies for victims who have suffered harm from business activity of transnational corporations. The goal of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of available remedies for the protection human rights of individuals from adverse impacts of the business activity of TNCs. To achieve the goal, it is necessary to fulfill the following tasks: to consider the obligations of TNCs in modern international law, the role of states in the protecting human rights against the business activities of TNCs, examine the content of the right to an effective remedy, and characterize the existing remedies for the individuals.MATERIALS AND METHODS. During the research the latest theoretical studies of leading Western scholars was analyzed, as well as the regulatory documents, recommendations and reports of the human rights treaty bodies, international human rights treaties and extensive court practice of the ECHR. For this study formal logical, general scientifi , comparative legal and private scientific methods has been applied. RESEARCH RESULTS. In recent years, the importance of soft law in the field of international business and human rights has been increasingly strengthened. The UN Guiding principles on Business and Human Rights have become the basis for a draft legally binding instrument to regulate, in international human rights law, the activities of transnational corporations. It should be noted that the latest innovations in the draft related to the introduction of environmental rehabilitation as one of the mandatory forms of redress. Indeed, when considering mass violations of human rights by transnational corporations, we oft n encounter with serious damage to the environment, as a result of which environmental rights are violated. Increasing cases of such violations have led to the need to improve international and domestic remedies.DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS. The study concluded that a remedy would be effective if it would be affordable, acceptable, adequate and timely. An effective remedy against the activities of TNCs should provide an adequate compensation or the leveling of the damage caused and bring TNCs to account for human rights violations in order to ensure such compensation. In turn, access to remedies consists of two interrelated elements: the existence of a grievance mechanism that provides a redress for business-related damage and the availability to the mechanism by aff cted persons. Access to remedies should be provided without discrimination on any of the prohibited grounds and should take into account the situation of vulnerable groups. The approach to the calculation of compensation or the choice of remedy should be individualized, taking into account the social and legal status of the victim.