bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Absence of EpCAM&nbsp;in Cervical Cancer Cells Is Involved in Slug-induced Epithelial-mesenchymal Transition
Authors: Liu Xian , Qian Feng , Zhang Yanru , Zheng Pengsheng , Cui Nan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Slug (Snai2) is a pivotal player in initiating epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) through its trans-suppression effect on E-cadherin in various normal and malignant cells. In this study. The positive effect of Slug on promoting cell motility and metastasis in cervical cancer was further confirmed in this study.Methods: RNA-Seq was performed to explore the potential molecules that participate in Slug-mediated EMT in cervical cancer cells. The negative correlation between Slug and EpCAM expression in cervical cancer cells was detected in this study, and linked them with in vitro migration and invasion assay, in vivo metastasis experiments, luciferase reporter assay and Chromatin immunoprecipitation.Results: Transcriptome sequencing analysis revealed that epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) was significantly decreased in Slug-overexpressing SiHa cells. Simultaneously, an absence of EpCAM expression was observed in Slug-overexpressing cells. Further studies revealed the trans-suppression effect of Slug on EpCAM through its binding to the E-boxes in the proximal promoter region of EpCAM in cervical cancer cells. Restoring EpCAM in Slug-overexpressing cells by transiently transfecting an EpCAM recombinant plasmid attenuated cell motility and promoted cell growth. Moreover, the negative correlation between Slug and EpCAM expression in human squamous cervical carcinoma (SCC) samples was verified by using Pearson correlation analysis.Conclusions: These results demonstrated that the absence of EpCAM under Slug expression in cervical cancer cells probably participated in Slug-regulated EMT and further promoted tumor metastasis. Additionally, this study supports a potential way for Slug to initiate EMT progression in cervical cancer cells in addition to inhibiting E-cadherin.
Functional Status of Mechanically Ventilated COVID-19 Survivors at ICU and Hospital Discharge
Authors: Musheyev Benjamin , Borg Lara , Janowicz Rebeca , Matarlo Michael , Boyle Hayle , Singh Gurinder , Ende Victoria , Babatsikos Ioannis , Hou Wei , Duong Tim 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background A significant number of COVID-19 patients have been treated using invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). The ability to evaluate functional status of COVID-19 survivors early on at ICU and hospital discharge can help minimize ICU-acquired weakness, promote rapid functional recovery, and improve quality of lifeMethods The modified “Mental Status”, ICU Mobility, and Barthel Index scores at ICU and hospital discharge were tabulated for 118 COVID-19 survivors treated with invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). These functional scores were compared with pre-admission functional status, discharge durable medical equipment, discharge medical follow-up recommendation, duration on IMV, duration post IMV, demographics, comorbidities, laboratory tests, and vital signs at ICU and hospital discharge. Results The majority of COVID-19 IMV patients were not functionally independent at hospital discharge (22% discharged with cane or rolling walker, 49% discharged with durable medical equipment, and 14% admitted to a rehabilitation facility), although they were prior to COVID-19 illness. Half of the patients were discharged with supplemental oxygen equipment. The most prevalent medical follow-up recommendations were cardiology, vascular medicine, pulmonology, endocrinology, and neurology with many patients receiving multiple medical follow-up recommendations. Functional status improved from ICU discharge to hospital discharge (p<0.001). Worse functional status at hospital discharge was associated with longer IMV duration, older age, male sex, higher number of comorbidities, and the presence of pre-existing comorbidities including hypertension, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and immunosuppression (p<0.05, ANOVA). Conclusions The majority of IMV COVID-19 survivors were not functionally independent at discharge and required significant follow-up medical care. The COVID-19 circumstance has placed constraints on access to in-hospital rehabilitation. These findings underscore the need for prospective studies to ascertain the short- and long-term sequela in COVID-19 survivors.
Incidence of New-Onset Pain, Characteristics and Influence on Health-Related Quality of life in COVID-19 Survivors After Critical Illness. Analysis of the PAIN COVID Clinical Trial cohort.
Authors: Ojeda Antonio , Calvo Andrea , Cuñat Tomas , Artigas Ricard Mellado , Comino-Trinidad Oscar , Aliaga Jorge , Arias Marilyn , Ferrando Carlos , Martínez Graciela , Dürsteler Christian 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: To explore the incidence and characteristics of new-onset pain, its impact on quality of life (HRQoL), and to quantify the presence of mood disorders in critically ill COVID-19 survivors. Methods: This is a preliminary report of PAIN-COVID clinical trial (NCT04394169) presenting a descriptive analysis in critical ill COVID 19 survivors one month after hospital discharge. Pain was assed using the Brief Pain Inventory short form, Douleur Neuropathique 4 Questions test and Pain Catastrophizing Scale. Health related quality of life (HRQoL) was evaluated with EQoL-5D/5L and mood disorders with Hospital Anxiety and Depression test (HAD).Results: From May 27th to July 19th 2020, 203 patients were consecutively screened for eligibility and 65 were finally included in this analysis. In 33 (50.8%) patients a new-onset pain was reported: 18 (54.5%) reported clinically significant intense pain, 11 (33.3%) a positive screening for neuropathic pain, 3 (9.1%) clinically relevant pain catastrophizing thoughts, 29 (87.9%) pain in ≥2 body sites and 5 (15.2%) widespread pain. Median EQoL-5D/5L index value and visual analogue scale was 0.8 (IQR 0.57-0.87) and 70 (IQR 60-80) respectively. Pain intensity was negatively correlated both to the former (Spearman Rho: -0.546, p<0.001) and to the latter (Spearman Rho: -0.387, p=0.001). A HAD anxiety and depression value over 8 were obtained in 7 (10,8 %) and 5 (7,7%) of patients, respectively.Conclusion: The incidence of new-onset pain in critically ill COVID-19 survivors is high and it was associated with a lower HRQoL. Trial registration: NCT04394169. Registered 19 May 2020. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04394169
Development and Validation of a Model to Predict Acute Kidney Injury Following Wasp Stings: A Multicenter Cohort Study
Authors: Tang Xin , Lin Li , Yang ying Ying , Huang shuang Rong , Wang bei Bei , Zhang Ling , Fu Ping , Wen Yu , Xu xian Ji , Xiao Jian , Chen zheng De , Zhu zhi Zai , Xue Hen , Liao bin Chang , Bi hong Wei , Ma Ying , Tan Hua , Tang gang Zhi , Zhang chao Wan , Xie qiong De , Zhang Lin , Liu feng Lin , Chen ming Fang , Wang long Yin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundAcute kidney injury (AKI) following wasp stings is a serious and common health hazard, however the early prediction remains challenging. The study aimed to establish a model to predict AKI following wasp stings and validate it.MethodsIn the multicenter prospective cohort study, 508 patients with wasp stings from Jul 2015 to Dec 2019 were randomly divided into the training set (n = 381) and validation set (n = 127) for internal and external validation. A model that based on the multivariable logistic regression analysis was utilized to predict the probability of AKI following wasp stings by a predictive formula and a nomogram. The performances of the model were assessed by using the area under the curve (AUC) and accuracy (ACC) of the receiver operating characteristic curve. The calibration curves were utilized for estimating the consistency between the actual observed outcome and the nomogram predicted AKI probability. Decision curve analysis (DCA) demonstrated the net benefit associated with the use of the nomogram-derived probability for the prediction of AKI following wasp stings.Results Number of stings, hemoglobin (HB) < 110 g/dl, total bilirubin (TBI) > 34 mg/dl, alanine transaminase (ALT) > 40 U/L and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) > 47 s were demonstrated as the independent risk factors for AKI following wasp stings (all P value < 0.05) and were incorporated into the model. The performances of the model were validated (AUC = 0.912, ACC = 0.869 and AUC = 0.936, ACC = 0.898 in the training set and validation set respectively). The predictive formula and nomogram of the model could be utilized to predict the AKI following wasp stings, which having sufficient accuracies, good predictive capabilities and good net benefits.ConclusionIn conclusion, we proved that number of stings, HB < 110 g/dl, TBI > 34 mg/dl, ALT > 40 U/L and APTT > 47 s were independence risk factors for AKI following wasp stings. The predictive formula and the individual nomogram of the model might serve as promising predictive tools to assess the probability of the AKI following wasp stings.
Performance, Intestinal Microbial Population, Immune and Physiological Responses of Broiler Chickens to Diet With Different Levels of Silver Nanoparticles Coated on Zeolite
Authors: Bolandi Niloofar , Hashemi Seyed Reza , Davoodi Daryoush , Dastar Behrouz , Hassani Saeed , Ashayerizadeh Amin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different levels of silver nanoparticles coated on zeolite on performance, gastrointestinal microflora, heterophile to lymphocyte ratio and humoral immune system responses of broiler chickens. Three hundred seventy five Cobb 500 in a completely randomized design were distributed to 5 experimental diets: control diet, 1% zeolite, 0.25%, 0.50% and 0.75% of silver nanoparticles coated on 1% zeolite. Performance traits were recorded and Blood samples were taken to determine antibody response against Newcastle on d 14, infectious bursal disease (Gumboro) on d 21 and Serum immunoglobulins (IgY, IgM, and IgA) were determined on d 42. Heterophile to lymphocyte ratio was evaluated on days 28, 35 and 42. At the end of d 21 and d 42. Results: The result showed that feed conversion ratio was significantly improved in silver nanoparticle treatments compare with the control group (p < 0.05). Total anaerobic bacteria and the population of E.coli in ileum and cecum were decreased (p < 0.05). The highest number of lactobacillus was observed in NS50 (p < 0.05). Antibody response against Gumboro was decreased as well as the amount of IgY antibody in silver nanoparticles treatments. Significant differences were observed in heterophile to lymphocyte ratio on d 28 and 35 and the highest amount was observed in NS50 group (p < 0.05). Conclusions: In conclusion, using silver nanoparticle dietary coated on zeolite could improve gut microflora, but silver nanoparticles could also have harmful side effects on the immune mechanism of broiler chickens.
Three-Phase Distribution Transformer Connections Modeling Based on Matrix Operation Method by Phase-coordinates
Authors: Zhang Zhigang , Mo Mingrui , Wu Caizhu 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This paper proposes a matrix operation method for modeling the three-phase transformer by phase-coordinates. Based on decoupling theory, the 12x12 dimension primitive admittance matrix is obtained at first employing the coupling configuration of the windings. Under the condition of asymmetric magnetic circuits, according to the boundary conditions for transformer connections, the transformers in different connections enable to be modeling by the matrix operation method from the primitive admittance matrix. Another purpose of this paper is to explain the differences of the phase-coordinates and the positive sequence parameters in the impedances of the transformers. The numerical testing results in IEEE-4 system show that the proposed method is valid and efficient.
Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) and COVID-19 – A Case Series
Authors: Al-Naami Awaji Q. , Khan Liaqat A. , Zaidan Faisal I. , Halawi Hussam M. , Asiri Laila E. , Sumaili Taher A. , Qaisi Amal A. , Darweesh Turki M. , Al-Neami Ibrahim A. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The ongoing pandemic of COVID-19 that started in the Hubei province of China in late December 2019, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus-2 (SARS CoV-2). Globally millions affected by the disease so far. The risk of COVID-19 severity and its complications increases with age and other comorbidities. The course of SARS-CoV-2 infection or its related complications has yet to be established in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD), once more evidence is available. It is clear from the available data that the course of COVID-19 in patients with SCD is mild to moderate, seldom severe, and rarely fatal. Herein we report three known cases of SCD with confirmed COVID-19, in whom the course of the disease was mild to moderate and uncomplicated with uneventful recoveries.
The effect of socioeconomic status on informal caregiving for parents among adult married females: Evidence from China
Authors: Wang Yi , Li Jiajia , Ding Lulu , Feng Yuejing , Tang Xue , Sun Long , Zhou Chengchao 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Married female caregivers face a higher risk of an informal care burden than other caregivers. No study has explored the effect of socioeconomic status (SES) on the intensity of informal care provided by married female caregivers in China. The purpose of this study is to empirically examine how the SES of married female caregivers affects the intensity of the informal care they provide for their parents/parents-in-law in China.Methods: The data for this study were drawn from 8 waves of the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS). The respondents were married women whose parents/parents-in-law needed care and lived in the same city as them. SES was defined based on four indicators: education, economic status, employment status, and hukou (China’s household registration system). Informal caregivers were divided into three categories: non-caregivers (0 hrs/week), low-intensity caregivers (less than 10 hrs/week), and high-intensity caregivers (10 hrs/week and above). Multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to examine the relation between SES and the likelihood of a low- and high-intensity caregiving among married female caregivers, adjusting for age, family characteristics and survey wave.Results: Of the 2661 respondents, high-intensity and low-intensity caregivers accounted for 16.35% and 21.27%, respectively. The multinomial logistic regression results showed that the likelihood of being a high-intensity caregiver versus (vs. a non-caregiver) increased as the caregiver’s educational attainment increased (p < 0.05), and that high economic status was related to the likelihood of being a high-intensity caregiver, but this relationship was only significant at the 10% level. Urban females were 1.34 times more likely than their rural counterparts to provide low-intensity care vs. no care (p < 0.05) and were 1.33 times more likely to provide high-intensity care vs. no care (p < 0.05). Employed females were 1.25 times more likely than those unemployed females to provide low-intensity care vs. no care (p < 0.05).Conclusions: Differences in SES were found between high-intensity caregivers and low-intensity caregivers. Women with high educational attainment and urban hukou were more likely to provide high-intensity informal care, and women who were employed and had urban hukou were more likely to provide low-intensity care.
The positive RNASEH1-AS1/has-miR-218-5p/NET1 feedback loop mediated by POU2F1 contributes to the development and progression of human lung squamous carcinoma
Authors: Jia Jing-hao , Wang Jing , Yu Jia-rui , Gao Peng , Liu Yan-kun , Li Yu-feng , Sun Guo-gui , Shi Gao-feng 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background At the molecular level, competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) regulate other RNA transcripts by competing for shared microRNAs (miRNA). Notably, miRNAs negatively regulate gene expression at the levels of mRNA stability and translation suppression.MethodsWe measured theexpression of miR-218-5p and RNASEH1-AS1 in clinical lung squamous cell carcinoma tissues using qRT-PCR. In an attempt to explore the roles of miR-218-5p and RNASEH1-AS1 in determining the malignant phenotype of NCI-H520 cells, colony formation and MTT assays were performed to measure cell viability and proliferation, and transwell invasion and wound healing assays were performed to examine cell migration and invasion. A ChIP assay was conducted to confirm the direct binding of POU2F1 to the RNASEH1-AS1 promoter.ResultsIn this investigation, the expression of the lncRNA RNASEH1-AS1 is upregulated in human lung cancer tissues, and it functions as a miRNA sponge for hsa-miR-218-5p in human lung squamous carcinoma cells. The lncRNA RNASEH1-AS1 facilitates the growth and motility of lung squamous carcinoma cells, while miR-218-5p exerts the opposite effects. NET1 and POU2F1 are validated as direct and functional targets of miR-218-5p. The downregulation of miR-218-5p releases the suppression of NET1 and POU2F1. POU2F1 binds directly to the lncRNA-RNASEH1-AS1 promoter and functions as transcription factor to enhance the promoter activity of RNASEH1-AS1.ConclusionsOverall, the positive RNASEH1-AS1/hsa-miR-218-5p/NET1/POU2F1 feedback loop can help us understand the regulatory mechanism underlying the genesis and progression of human lung squamouscarcinoma, possibly providing new biomarkers for its diagnosis and treatment.
Differential microRNAs expression profiles in liver from three different lifestyle modification mice models
Authors: Gong Huan , Zhang Ming , Han Yiwen , Zhang Ying , Pang Jing , Zhao Yanyang , Chen Beidong , Wu Wei , Qi Ruomei , Zhang Tiemei 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background MicroRNAs play an important role in many fundamental biological and pathological processes. Defining the microRNAs profile underlying the processes by beneficial and detrimental lifestyles, including caloric restriction(CR), exercise and high-fat diet(HF), is necessary for understanding both normal physiology and the pathogenesis of metabolic disease. We used the microarray to detect microRNAs expression in livers from CR, EX and HF mice models. After predicted potential target genes of differentially expressed microRNAs with four algorithms, we applied GO and KEGG to analyze the function of predicted microRNA targets. Results We describe the overall microRNAs expression pattern, and identified 84 differentially expressed microRNAs changed by one or two or even all the three lifestyle modifications. The common and different enriched categories of gene function and main biochemical and signal transduction pathways were presented. Conclusions We provided for the first time a comprehensive and thorough comparison of microRNAs expression profiles in liver among these lifestyle modifications. With this knowledge, our findings provide us with an overall vision of microRNAs in the molecular impact of lifestyle on health as well as useful clues for future and thorough research of the role of microRNAs.
Model to assess workload of village doctors in the National Essential Public Health Services Program in six provinces of China
Authors: Yin Delu , Yin Tao , Yang Huiming , Wang Lihong , Chen Bowen 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: No studies, particularly quantitative analyses, have been conducted regarding the workload of village doctors in the National Essential Public Health Services (NEPHS) program and differences in service delivery by village doctors, according to region and services. In this study, we developed a quantitative analysis approach to measure the workload of NEPHS provided by village doctors in six provinces of China in 2016. We aimed to identify areas and services of the NEPHS needing improvement, so as to implement targeted measures to ensure adequate delivery of NEPHSs in rural remote underserved areas.Methods: Based on survey data from 300 town hospital centers (THCs) located in 60 counties in the six selected provinces, we calculated village doctors’ share of workload under the NEPHS using the equivalent value (EV) model. To define the workload and corresponding EV of each NEPHS, a series of five meetings was held with THC managers, public health workers, family physicians, nurses and village doctors. Field observations were conducted to verify the workload and EV of each service.Results: Village doctors’ share of the workload under the NEPHS program was 43.71% across the 300 sampled THCs in six provinces. The village doctors’ workload shares for different NEPHS ranged from 17.14% to 57.00%. The percentage workload undertaken by village doctors under the NEPHS program varied across different provinces, with the highest proportion 63.4% and the lowest 28.5%.Conclusions: The total NEPHS workload assigned to village doctors by THCs in the six sampled provinces exceeded the Chinese government’s requirement of 40%, but the workload proportion in some provinces was less than 40%. In addition, the percentage workload for some NEPHS undertaken by village doctors was lower than others. We suggest conducting district-level analysis of the workload among village doctors under the NEPHS program using the EV method, to identify areas and services needing improvement, to implement targeted measures to expand and promote health service provision in China’s rural underserved areas.
Implementation fidelity of nutritional counselling, Iron and Folic Acid supplementation guidelines and associated challenges in rural Uasin Gishu County Kenya
Authors: Riang'a Roselyter Monchari , Nangulu Anne Kisaka , Broerse Jacqueline E.W. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundImplementation fidelity which is defined as the degree to which programmes are implemented as intended is one of the factors that affect programme outcome, thus requiring careful examination. This study aims to acquire insight into the degree to which nutritional counselling and Iron and Folic Acid supplementation (IFAs) policy guidelines during pregnancy have been implemented as intended and the challenges to implementation fidelity.MethodsData were collected in rural Uasin Gishu County in the western part of Kenya through document analysis, questionnaires among intervention recipients (n=188) and semi-structured interviews with programme implementers (n=6). Data collection and analysis were guided by an implementation fidelity framework. We specifically evaluated adherence to intervention design (content, frequency, duration and coverage), exposure or dosage, quality of delivery and participant responsiveness.ResultsCoverage of nutritional counselling and IFAs policy is widespread. However, partial provision was reported in all the intervention components. Only 10% accessed intervention within the first trimester as recommended by policy guidelines, only 28% reported receiving nutritional counselling, only 18% and 15% of the respondents received 90 or more iron and folic acid pills respectively during their entire pregnancy period, and 66% completed taking the IFAs pills that were issued to them. Late initial bookings to antenatal care, drug stock shortage, staff shortage and long queues, confusing dosage instructions, side effects of the pills and issuing of many pills at one go, were established to be the main challenges to effective implementation fidelity. Anticipated health consequences and emphasis by the health officer to comply with instructions were established to be motivations for adherence to nutritional counselling and IFAs guidelines.ConclusionsImplementation fidelity of nutritional counselling and IFAs policy in Kenya is generally weak. There is need for approaches to enhance early access to interventions, enhance stock availability, provide mitigation measures for the side effects, as well as intensify nutritional counselling to promote the consumption of micronutrient-rich food sources available in the local environment to substitute for the shortage of nutritional supplements and low compliance to IFAs.