bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Allergic rhinitis in medical students at the University of the Free State
Authors: Seedat R. Y. , Sujee M. , Ismail W. , Vallybhai N. Y. , Cassim M. I. , Khan S. , Solwa A. , Joubert G. 
Published: November 2020

Background: Allergic rhinitis, the most common form of chronic rhinitis, can adversely affect quality of life. The prevalence of allergic rhinitis in adolescents in South Africa has been estimated to be 38.5%, but there is a paucity of data from African countries on allergic rhinitis.Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of allergic rhinitis in medical students in the Faculty of Health Science at the University of the Free State (UFS). Information was acquired on the effects that the condition had on participants with regard to symptoms, quality of life, disease management and treatment.Methods: A cross-sectional study design was used. A self-administered anonymous questionnaire was distributed to all medical students registered with the Faculty of Health Sciences at UFS in 2016. The estimated population was 706 students.Results: The response rate was 62.6%. The prevalence of allergic rhinitis was 39.1%. The most common symptoms were rhinorrhoea (64.8%), repeated sneezing (64.3%) and nasal obstruction (58.5%). Symptoms were at their worst during August to October. Antihistamines had been used by 82.4% of participants to treat their symptoms in the previous 12 months, while 28.8% had used an intranasal steroid spray.Conclusion: The prevalence of allergic rhinitis in medical students at UFS was 39.1%. Rhinorrhoea, sneezing and nasal obstruction were the most frequent and bothersome symptoms.
The Next Generation of Scientists in Africa
Authors: Beaudry Catherine , Mouton Johann , Prozesky Heidi 
Published: November 2020

Young scientists are a powerful resource for change and sustainable development, as they drive innovation and knowledge creation. However, comparable findings on young scientists in various countries, especially in Africa and developing regions, are generally sparse. Therefore, empirical knowledge on the state of early-career scientists is critical in order to address current challenges faced by those scientists in Africa.
This book reports on the main findings of a three-and-a-half-year international project in order to assist its readers in better understanding the African research system in general, and more specifically its young scientists. The first part of the book provides background on the state of science in Africa, and bibliometric findings concerning Africa's scientific production and networks, for the period 2005 to 2015. The second part of the book combines the findings of a large-scale, quantitative survey and more than 200 qualitative interviews to provide a detailed profile of young scientists and the barriers they face in terms of five aspects of their careers: research output; funding; mobility; collaboration; and mentoring. In each case, field and gender differences are also taken into account. The last part of the book comprises conclusions and recommendations to relevant policy- and decision-makers on desirable changes to current research systems in Africa.
LIDERANÇA FEMININA NAS ORGANIZAÇÕES
Authors: Ferigato Evandro , Telesi Pacheco Conceição Joelma 
Published: November 2020

O Presente estudo tem por objetivo apresentar a evolução da participação da mulher no mercado de trabalho, a gradual ocupação em cargos de liderança e finalmente tentar identificar se o fato existe o diferencial desde liderança para empresas, demonstrando a importancia de obter profissionais que entendam e solucionem as necessidades da empresa, aplicando as melhores práticas de gestão e aborda, ainda, as barreiras que a mulher enfrenta para comprovar sua capacidade, qualidade e flexibilidade, além de trazer situações reais que algumas mulheres viveram até chegarem à liderança.
PROPOSTA DE MELHORIA PARA REDUÇÃO DOS CUSTOS COM O SISTEMA CROSS
Authors: Gois Willian Stefano , Estender Antonio Carlos , Santos Osmildo Sobral dos 
Published: November 2020

Este artigo se propõe a um levantamento e análise das percepções dos stakeholders sobre a logística de distribuição de uma empresa de eletrônicos, tendo como foco a redução dos custos logísticos de armazenagem e transferências, como proposta a implementação de um Sistema Cross Docking. Para tal foi realizado um estudo de caso, com abordagem qualitativa por meio de entrevistas, em uma empresa de eletrônicos, setor de Customer Service. O método utilizado foi o de estudo de caso, baseado em método observacional, empírico, aliado a pesquisas bibliográficas, contendo aspectos de pesquisa qualitativa, aplicando questionário e entrevistas com os stakeholders da organização.
Corporate Business Strategy and its Challenges
Authors: Bansal Ved Prakash 
Published: November 2020

Business environment and strategy faces continuous completion and impacts the business sustainability in a long-term. In a view, the business must realize the dynamic capabilities and must apply the right company strategy to survive in the global competition and achieving the desired targets. Many philosophers consider ethics to be the `science of conduct'. Philosophers have been discussing ethics for ages now, since the time of Socrates and Plato. Many ethicists consider emerging ethical beliefs to be "state of the art" legal matters, i.e., what becomes an ethical guideline today is often translated to a law, regulation or rule tomorrow. Values which guide how we ought to behave are considered as moral values, e.g., values such as respect, honesty, fairness and responsibility. The paper examines the concepts of strategy and business ethics undertaken to improve the overall business performance.
Reduced global warming from CMIP6 projections when weighting models by performance and independence
Authors: Brunner Lukas , Pendergrass Angeline G. , Lehner Flavio , Merrifield Anna L. , Lorenz Ruth , Knutti Reto 
Published: November 2020

Abstract. The sixth Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) constitutes the latest update on expected future climate change based on a new generation of climate models. To extract reliable estimates of future warming and related uncertainties from these models, the spread in their projections is often translated into probabilistic estimates such as the mean and likely range. Here, we use a model weighting approach, which accounts for the models' historical performance based on several diagnostics as well as model interdependence within the CMIP6 ensemble, to calculate constrained distributions of global mean temperature change. We investigate the skill of our approach in a perfect model test, where we use previous-generation CMIP5 models as pseudo-observations in the historical period. The performance of the distribution weighted in the abovementioned manner with respect to matching the pseudo-observations in the future is then evaluated, and we find a mean increase in skill of about 17 % compared with the unweighted distribution. In addition, we show that our independence metric correctly clusters models known to be similar based on a CMIP6 “family tree”, which enables the application of a weighting based on the degree of inter-model dependence. We then apply the weighting approach, based on two observational estimates (the fifth generation of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Retrospective Analysis – ERA5, and the Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications, version 2 – MERRA-2), to constrain CMIP6 projections under weak (SSP1-2.6) and strong (SSP5-8.5) climate change scenarios (SSP refers to the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways). Our results show a reduction in the projected mean warming for both scenarios because some CMIP6 models with high future warming receive systematically lower performance weights. The mean of end-of-century warming (2081–2100 relative to 1995–2014) for SSP5-8.5 with weighting is 3.7 ∘C, compared with 4.1 ∘C without weighting; the likely (66%) uncertainty range is 3.1 to 4.6 ∘C, which equates to a 13 % decrease in spread. For SSP1-2.6, the weighted end-of-century warming is 1 ∘C (0.7 to 1.4 ∘C), which results in a reduction of −0.1 ∘C in the mean and −24 % in the likely range compared with the unweighted case.
Características anatômicas de três madeiras tropicais
Authors: França Gabriella da Silva , Mendoza Zaíra Morais dos Santos Hurtado de , Borges Pedro Hurtado de Mendoza , Díaz Lila Mabel Gamarra Ruiz , Souza Esther Saraiva Carvalho de , França Rayza Mariane da Silva , Morais Pedro Hurtado de Mendoza 
Published: November 2020

As pesquisas com anatomia da madeira engloba os estudos com as características macroscópicas e microscópicas. As macroscópicas descrevem as características vistas a olho nu, ou em equipamentos que aumentam até 10x, e também as propriedades organolépticas, que são aquelas referentes à cor, odor, gosto, brilho, desenhos da madeira e textura. As características microscópicas reúnem aspectos morfológicos relacionados as células estruturais, condutoras, reserva e armazenamento, e para serem visualizadas precisam do auxílio de microscópio. O estudo das características anatômicas são importantes para auxiliarem na escolha da madeira em termos de qualidade e uso, além de ajudarem na classificação botânica das espécies. Sendo assim, esta pesquisa objetivou analisar as características anatômicas de três espécies florestais nativas, cujas madeiras são comercializadas dentro e fora do estado de Mato Grosso. Especificamente foram avaliadas, de forma subjetiva, as cores das madeiras e de forma simplificada, as propriedades anatômicas microscópicas. Na descrição subjetiva da cor foi utilizado a carta de Munsell, e para os estudos microscópicos foram feitas macerações pelo método de Jeffrey. Todas as análises anatômicas tiveram como referência as metodologias descritas nas normas COPANT (1973), IAWA (1989) e as modificações sugeridas por Barrichelo et al. (1976), Ramalho (1987), Burger et al. (1991), Coradin et al. (1992). Ao final da pesquisa concluiu-se que a cor predominante nas madeiras foi a marrom, porém, a cor amarela também estava presente. Anatomicamente as estruturas visualizadas com maior frequência foram os elementos de vaso do tipo solitários, com poros distribuídos em porosidade difusa, perfurações simples e pontuações alternas. Na caracterização do parênquima axial houve predominância do paratraqueal e no parênquima radial houve maior incidência de parênquimas heterogêneos, com células no formato procumbentes. Em relação ao comprimento e a espessura da parede, as fibras foram classificadas, respectivamente, como sendo curtas e finas. Na análise de qualidade das fibras, as três espécies mostraram-se morfologicamente propensas para a construção civil. Contudo, a madeira de Erisma uncinatum (Cedrinho) apresentou índices de qualidade promissores para o setor de polpa celulósica e papel.
Dans la lumière des foyers bédouins
Authors: Bille Mikkel , Kerbiriou Anne-Hélène 
Published: November 2020

Cet article se penche sur l’éclairage et l’architecture domestiques chez des Bédouins sédentarisés du sud de la Jordanie. Il analyse la façon dont la lumière est utilisée pour protéger certains espaces dans le cadre des pratiques d’hospitalité qui occupent une place centrale dans la culture bédouine. En avançant que les choses sont « extatiques » dans le sens où elles transcendent leur propre tangibilité, cet article montre de quelle façon des objets tels que des vitres teintées, la peinture et des ampoules électriques s’imposent aux autres objets pour façonner la présence visuelle souhaitée du monde. Une telle présence extatique est analysée par le biais de la notion d’« atmosphère » en tant que perception du monde à travers une concomitance d’émotions, d’idéaux culturels et de phénomènes affectifs tangibles. Cet article montre que si les limites entre l’intérieur et l’extérieur peuvent être délimitées par des murs, des fenêtres et des portes, ces frontières peuvent simultanément être perméables à des phénomènes moins tangibles afin de préserver certains aspects moraux et spirituels de la vie.
Penser le sensible avec la danse contemporaine
Authors: Laplantine François 
Published: November 2020

La danse contemporaine, née avec Merce Cunningham d’une rupture avec le ballet classique, permet de rendre visible ce que nous ne percevons habituellement pas dans la vie quotidienne : l’enchaînement et l’enchevêtrement de micromouvements et de minuscules interactions. Mais elle réalise aussi des possibilités du corps en mouvement que nous n’avions pas imaginées. Sensible à l’état du monde, elle montre souvent le chaos mais préfigure également, à travers les relations entre les danseurs, de nouvelles formes de lien social. S’imprégner de l’acte de danser permet de réintégrer dans la connaissance une dimension du sensible largement méconnue de l’anthropologie occidentale : le souffle ou la respiration. Les chorégraphies contemporaines, à l’instar des traditions artistiques asiatiques, ne consistent pas tant à exprimer des formes qu’à capter des forces. Elles sont animées par une énergie d’incorporation et d’extériorisation qui entretient des liens privilégiés avec notre environnement et chacun des éléments. Mais cette énergie n’est rien sans une relation singulière entre des danseurs et des spectateurs. C’est le phénomène social créé par la rencontre de la scène et de la salle qui importe le plus et conduit à cette interrogation : comment l’acte de se mouvoir peut-il provoquer de l’émouvoir et créer de la pensée ?
Formação educacional e redes de sociabilidade intelectual de Eudésia Vieira na Paraíba (Século XX)
Authors: Galvíncio Amanda Sousa , Costa Jean Carlo de Carvallho 
Published: November 2020

A educação feminina na transição do século XIX para século XX no Brasil era precária. Desse modo, a inserção das mulheres no debate público foi tardia e, muitas vezes, secundarizada. O objetivo desta investigação é entender como se deu o processo de formação educacional, além dos deslocamentos nos espaços de sociabilidade intelectual de Eudésia Vieira, nas primeiras décadas do século XX, no estado da Paraíba. Com isso, pretende-se também ampliar esta compreensão para além da narrativa individual, buscando tecer paralelos com outras trajetórias femininas do mesmo período, a identificando de modo geracional. Para tanto, as fontes utilizadas foram, prioritariamente, escritos biográficos e (auto)biográfico, com o objetivo de localizar a personagem no emaranhado das teias sociais da sua trajetória. Por um lado, os textos biográficos se inserem numa tradição narrativa que busca capturar e enaltecer o/a biografado/a. Por outro lado, os escritos (auto)biográficos trazem lances revelados pelo/a protagonista da vida narrada. É possível identificar que houve forte ligação da religião com os preceitos educacionais das mulheres nesta época, o que, de certa forma, foi incorporado nos repertórios e na forma de legitimação social de uma geração de mulheres intelectualizadas no Brasil nesse período.
Deltaic Expansions of the Mahanadi Tri-delta and the Chilika Lagoon: Geospatial Approach
Authors: Sethi Binod Kumar , Mishra Siba Prasad , Sethi Kabir , Barik Kamal 
Published: November 2020

Prelude: The major river deltas are sinking, shrinking which accommodate ≈40% of global population. The Mahanadi tri-delta along the east coast of India consists of three river deltas i.e. the Mahanadi, the Bramhani and the Baitarani. The tri-delta encompasses many ecological hubs and the 2nd largest lagoon of Asia, the Chilika Lagoon lies in the southern corner of the delta. Presently the Mahanadi tri-delta and its coastal environments are under threat due to coastal vulnerability, population growth, urbanization and industrialization but the expansion of the delta towards south is observed.
Scope: Present research is ubiquitous to know the quantity of sinking, shrinking and subsidence of the Mahanadi tri-delta under congregation of different geological setting, damming, LULC changes, soil erosion, regional sea level rise, and anthropogenic pressure. Also geospatial geomorphic changes in the anastomosis of the rivers and drainage channels are studied along with expansion of the delta to its southern fringe
Methodology: The causes of vulnerability of the delta are estimated from sediment inflow and marine transgression is evaluated. The land use and land cover changes has been evaluated and analyzed by using satellite imageries, remote sensing, GIS tools and ERDAS softwares.
Results: The study revealed that due to effect of relative sea-level rise, paucity of sediment influx @ 66.7% to the delta are the main causes for the delta vulnerability accompanied by geo-mining and urbanization. The extention of delta to the south is due to emergence of the Makara river system which carries more flood flow than the existing Daya river. Prominent changes in LU & LC are observed from the satellite imageries of two different period. Changes in the LU &LC of the tri-delta has shown the extension of the Mahanadi tri-delta towards south and shifting of deltaic boundary from 20 m to 50 m contour line in l landward direction during last four to five decades (recasted).
Evaluation of Good Oral Practices among Students: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad Shahid , Khan Salah-Ud-Din , Iqbal Muhammad Zahid 
Published: November 2020

Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the good oral practices (GOP) among university students.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a convenience sampling method. A self-developed and pre-validated tool was used to collect data from students studying at a university in Malaysia. The Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) Version 24.0 was used to analyze the data.
Results: A total of 324 respondents had participated in the study. The respondents were from four different faculties; pharmacy 118 (36.4%), medicine 81 (25.0%), business 67 (20.6%), and biotechnology 58 (18.0%).
Conclusion: The final year students had more good practices towards good oral practices. The unmarried students also had more good practices towards oral health.
Comparison of Two Irrigation Solutions in the Surgical Removal of the Mandibular Third Molars- A Randomized Trial
Authors: Reddy P. Aditya , Wahab P. U. Abdul , Jagadish V. , Murugan P. Senthil 
Published: November 2020

Aim: To evaluate the effect of postoperative irrigation with chlorhexidine saline irrigation and metronidazole saline irrigation on non-inflammatory complications after the extraction of lower third molar under local anesthesia.
Materials and Methods: In this study a total of 120 patients with age range 18-80 years who had impacted tooth which required surgical removal were included. The patients were separated into two groups using Block Randomization to avoid sampling bias. Group A and Group B had 60 patients each. Group A patients were irrigated with 1% Chlorhexidine Saline and Group B patients were irrigated with 1% Metronidazole Saline during the surgical removal of their mandibular third molars. The patients were measured for the pain, swelling and checked for dry socket after 7 days of procedure.
Results: The mean age of the patient was 28.08 + SEM years. Out of three parameters (Pain, Swelling, Dry Socket) assessed, only alveolar osteitis showed a statistical significant difference between 1% Metronidazole and 1% Chlorhexidine with p value 0.041(>0.05). Trismus and pain did not differ significantly (p>0.05) in the two groups with p-values of 0.431 for trismus and 0.750 for pain.
Conclusion: Metronidazole had better efficacy in alveolar osteitis, while in the other parameters viz, pain and mouth opening there was no difference in the two treatments.
Ficções históricas de Timor-Leste: tempo, violência e gênero na produção fílmica pós-independência
Authors: De Lucca Daniel 
Published: November 2020

<p class="PadroA">Este artigo discute a produção fílmica sobre Timor-Leste em conexão direta com sua história política. Após situar a linguagem audiovisual no contexto do colonialismo português e da ocupação indonésia, o trabalho examina a produção no pós-independência, propondo uma leitura de contraponto entre três ficções históricas premiadas que abordam eventos críticos da luta de libertação: <em>Answered by Fire</em> (2006), <em>Balibo</em> (2009) e <em>A guerra da Beatriz</em> (2013). Especial atenção é dada às diferentes estratégias narrativas de construção de tempo, violência e gênero, categorias-chave que servem como guia na análise. Estabelecendo diálogos com outras criações contemporâneas e indagando sobre os sentidos de se transformar a história da luta de libertação em filmes de ficção, o artigo percorre importantes momentos do nascimento da nação e também do cinema timorense, revelando enlaces profundos entre a produção audiovisual e a imaginação histórica, não só nas projeções sobre o passado mas também em suas fantasias sobre o futuro.</p><p class="PadroA"><strong>Palavras-chave:</strong> Timor-Leste - cinema - história - violência - gênero.</p><p class="PadroA"> </p><p class="PadroA"><strong><em>Abstract:</em></strong></p><p class="PadroA"><em>This article discusses the film production about Timor-Leste in direct connection with its political history. After placing the audiovisual language in the context of Portuguese colonialism and the Indonesian occupation, the post-independence production is analyzed and a counter-interpretation is proposed between three award-winning historical fictions that address critical events of the liberation struggle: Answered by Fire (2006), Balibo (2009), and A Guerra da Beatriz (2013). The different narrative strategies of construction of time, violence and gender are focused on as they serve as key categories for analysis. Dialoguing with other contemporary creations and inquiring about the meaning of transforming the history of the liberation struggle into fiction movies, this paper covers important moments of the nation’s birth and of Timorese cinema, revealing deep links between audiovisual production and historical imagination, not only in its projections about the past but also in its fantasies about the future.</em></p><p class="PadroA"><strong><em>Keywords:</em></strong><em> Timor-Leste - cinema - history - violence - gender.</em></p>