bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatio‐temporal variations of soil moisture and salinity and their effects on cotton growth in a mulched drip irrigation field*
Authors: Hu Hongchang , Wen Jie , Peng Zhenyang , Tian Fuqiang , Ming Guanghui , Liu Hui , Yan Zhifeng , Yawar Ali Khan Mohd 
Published: April 2020

AbstractExperiments were carried out to study the dynamics of soil moisture and salinity and the effect factors on cotton growth in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China in 2012 and 2013. Regular soil samples, germination rate, plant height and cotton yield rate were surveyed during the growing stage. Soil moisture and salinity in the inter‐film zone (IFZ) and near tape zone (NTZ) began to vary in mid‐April. The water content and salinity were lower in the IFZ and NTZ respectively, and the differences reached a significant level limited to the upper 5 cm layer of the soil. However, the difference increased from June to September, when drip irrigation was used and transpiration was enhanced. Spatial standard deviations of soil moisture and salinity increased with the relevant spatial mean, and the spatial variation of soil salinity was higher in the NTZ than in the IFZ after elution and evaporation of the growing seasons. Pearson correlation tests showed that soils with higher soil moisture, lower salinity and more fine particles were generally favourable for cotton growth and production, while germination rate and plant height were mainly influenced by soil properties in the upper 20 cm of soil. Cotton yield could be influenced by soil properties from 50 to 80 cm below the top surface. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Quantification of Symptom Load by a Disease‐Specific Questionnaire HPQ 28 and Analysis of Associated Biochemical Parameters in Patients With Postsurgical Hypoparathyroidism
Authors: Wilde Deborah , Wilken Lara , Stamm Bettina , Heppner Christina , Leha Andreas , Blaschke Martina , Herrmann‐Lingen Christoph , Siggelkow Heide 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACTIn hypoparathyroidism (HypoPT), patients suffer severely from reduced quality of life. The complexity of HypoPT demands a disease‐specific control instrument to characterize symptom load. We employed a newly developed disease‐specific Hypoparathyroid Patient Questionnaire (the HPQ 40/28) to investigate and quantify HypoPT patients' complaints and contributing factors. In this cross‐sectional, two‐center study, patients with postsurgical HypoPT (n = 49) were matched for gender and age and compared with patients having undergone thyroid surgery without HypoPT (n = 39) and patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (n = 35). The HPQ 40/28 was completed when patients visited the respective center. Clinical background information, blood tests, and current medication were documented by the physician. Serum calcium lay within the reference range in 87% of HypoPT patients, serum phosphate in 95.7%, and calcium–phosphate product (CPP) in 100%. HPQ 40/28 scores for the scales “pain and cramps” (PaC), “neurovegetative symptoms” (NVS), “numbness or tingling,” and “heart palpitations” were significantly elevated in comparison with control groups. Correlations between complaints and laboratory parameters could be demonstrated in the HypoPT group, with serum calcium correlating with NVS (r = 0.309, p < 0.05) and serum phosphate with loss of vitality (r = 0.349, p < 0.05). CPP was the main contributor to symptom load with an influence on PaC (r = 0.295, p < 0.05), loss of vitality (r = 0.498, p < 0.001), numbness or tingling (r = 0.328, p < 0.05), and memory problems (r = 0.296, p < 0.05). In conclusion, the newly developed HPQ 40/28 successfully identified and quantified symptoms typical in HypoPT patients. Using the HPQ 40/28, the CPP was identified as the predominant factor in the severity of complaints in HypoPT. © 2020 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Hyper‐Raman spectroscopy of CeO2
Authors: Villa‐Aleman Eliel , Houk Amanda L. , Dick Don D. , Hunyadi Murph Simona E. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractCerium dioxide (CeO2) belongs to the fluorite structure group (Oh5 point group) resulting in one Raman active T2g mode and two IR active T1u TO and LO modes. The T2g Raman band in CeO2 has been used to probe the symmetric Ce–O vibrational mode of different sized nanoparticulates. Far infrared studies of the Ce–O interactions are difficult to conduct because of low optical transmission, efficiency of the detector, and water absorption bands interfering with the measurements. The selection rules of hyper‐Raman spectroscopy (HRS) allow the study of IR bands in the far infrared spectral region, such as the motion of the Ce atoms. For the first time, HRS was used to investigate the T1u TO and LO IR modes in CeO2. The position and full‐width half‐maximum (FWHM) of the TO and LO bands in the HRS spectrum were used to investigate the spectral response in relation to particle size (i.e., phonon confinement). The investigation of CeO2 with HRS provides a research platform for future work in the study of ThO2, UO2, and PuO2 IR modes.
Orbital facilitated charge transfer originated phonon mode in Cr‐substituted PrFeO3: A brief Raman study
Authors: Kumar Anil , Umrao Sima , Sagdeo Pankaj R. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWe report the possible origin of orbital facilitated new Raman mode in orthorhombic perovskite PrFe1‐xCrxO3. For this purpose, resonance and power‐dependent Raman spectroscopy measurements have been carried out to understand the origin of local oxygen breathing mode in the mixed Fe–Cr orthorhombic perovskites through the orbital mediated charge transfer mechanism. It has been observed that multi‐phonon scattering is highly sensitive to the presence of mixed Fe–Cr ions and is absent in pure iso‐structural vacuum annealed PrFeO3. The Raman spectroscopy results infer a scaling in the intensity of octahedral breathing Raman mode around 660 cm−1, which is attributed to the lattice rearrangement due to the transfer of an electron from Cr3+(d3) to Fe3+(d5) and results to d2–d6 (Cr4+–O−2–Fe2+) configuration. The interactions of d2–d6 configuration are different from d3–d5 configuration, which leads to the octahedral lattice rearrangement and activates the new Raman mode. The charge transfer phenomenon is supported through first‐principle calculations and valence band spectroscopy.
Swelling properties of roasted coffee particles
Authors: Hargarten Verena Bernadette , Kuhn Michael , Briesen Heiko 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn this study, the swelling behavior of roasted coffee particles in water and particularly its impact on particle diameter is examined by applying laser‐diffraction analysis and microscopy. Several potential influencing factors are investigated: initial particle size, roasting degree, and temperature. Additionally, the time dependency of swelling and particle shape is evaluated at two different temperatures.RESULTSWe verify that particle erosion occurs – as observed by an increase of the fine particle fraction after wetting – and it is revealed that this effect is more pronounced with a rise in temperature. The total relative increase in particle size is determined as approximately 15% based on a broad range of different sized coffee grounds. It is demonstrated that the degree of swelling is independent of both the initial particle diameter and the roasting degree. The particle shape is found to be unaffected by swelling. This research reveals that swelling is initially quick, with 60–80% of the final steady‐state diameter being reached after 30 s and completed after 4 min of wetting, i.e. within the timescale of conventional coffee brewing methods.CONCLUSIONThis work provides a better understanding of the impact of wetting as part of the coffee brewing process, thus aiding the design, modeling, and optimization of coffee extraction. It clarifies the strong deviation of previous results on coffee‐particle swelling by considering particle erosion and degassing and provides a robust method for quantification. © 2020 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
High‐performance vacuum‐processed metal oxide thin‐film transistors: A review of recent developments
Authors: Kim Hee Jun , Park Kyungho , Kim Hyun Jae 
Published: April 2020

AbstractSince 2010, vacuum‐processed oxide semiconductors have greatly improved with the publication of more than 1,300 related papers. Although the number of researches on oxide semiconductors has continued to increase year by year, the average field‐effect mobility of oxide semiconductor thin‐film transistors (TFTs) has not shown significant improvement; from 2010 to 2018; the average field‐effect mobility of vacuum‐processed n‐type oxide TFTs is around 20 cm2/Vs. To investigate the obstacles for performance improvements, the latest progress and researches on vacuum‐processed oxide semiconductor TFTs for high performance over the past decade are highlighted, along with the pros and cons of each technology. Finally, complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) logic circuits composed of both n‐ and p‐type oxide semiconductor TFTs are introduced, and future prospects for this state‐of‐the‐art research on the oxide semiconductors are presented.
Identification and Analysis of Bacterial Contamination of Ultrasound Transducers and Multiuse Ultrasound Transmission Gel Bottle Tips Before and After the Aseptic Cleansing Technique
Authors: Mullins Kevin , Burnham Kevin , Henricson Erik K. , Cohen Stuart , Fair James , Ray Jeremiah W. 
Published: April 2020

ObjectivesTo provide a descriptive analysis for species identification of culture and Gram stain results from ultrasound transducers and multiuse ultrasound transmission gel bottle tips in active clinical use and to compare bacterial cultures from ultrasound transducers before and after aseptic cleansing.MethodsA prospective blinded descriptive analytic study of 18 distinct clinical care sites within a single primary clinical institution was conducted. Before and after a disinfectant towel cleanse, transducers were pressed against tryptic soy agar contact plates. Plates were deidentified and submitted for blind incubation, Gram staining, and species identification with microsequencing. Results were classified as clinically relevant (CR) or non–clinically relevant. In total, 188 samples were analyzed: 80 from ultrasound transducers before and cleansing, 13 from multiuse gel bottle tips before and after cleansing, and 2 precleansing samples from the data collector’s pen and badge.ResultsFifty‐nine precleansing samples (73.8%) grew cultures with CR bacteria, and 21 samples (26.3%) did not. Staphylococcus simulans represented 31.0% of all positive culture samples. Thirteen postcleansing samples (16.3%) grew cultures with CR bacteria, equating to a 78.0% reduction of CR bacterial growth (likelihood ratio, 57.10; P < .001).ConclusionsUltrasound transducers have a notable CR bacterial burden and may serve as potential infective vectors. Aseptic cleansing effectively eliminates most of the bacterial load from ultrasound transducers, but some bacteria persist, presenting a risk of nosocomial infection with ultrasound‐guided interventions. These findings support American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine 2018 guidelines intended to ensure an appropriate level of transducer preparation based on the examination type while emphasizing rational infection control measures to minimize the risk of potential patient harm.
Applications of single‐cell sequencing for the field of otolaryngology: A contemporary review
Authors: Pyle Madeline P. , Hoa Michael 
Published: April 2020

AbstractObjectivesSingle‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐Seq) is a new technique used to interrogate the transcriptome of individual cells within native tissues that have already resulted in key discoveries in auditory basic science research. Rapid advances in scRNA‐Seq make it likely that it will soon be translated into clinical medicine. The goal of this review is to inspire the use of scRNA‐Seq in otolaryngology by giving examples of how it can be applied to patient samples and how this information can be used clinically.MethodsStudies were selected based on the scientific quality and relevance to scRNA‐Seq. In addition to mouse auditory system (inner ear including hair cells and supporting cells, spiral ganglion neurons, and inner ear organoids), recent studies using human primary cell samples are discussed. We also perform our own analysis on publicly available, published scRNA‐Seq data from oral head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) samples to serve as an example of a clinically relevant application of scRNA‐Seq.ResultsStudies focusing on patient tissues show that scRNA‐Seq reveals tissue heterogeneity and rare‐cell types responsible for disease pathogenesis. The heterogeneity detected by scRNA‐Seq can result in both the identification of known or novel disease biomarkers and drug targets. Our analysis of HNSCC data gives an example for how otolaryngologists can use scRNA‐Seq for clinical use.ConclusionsAlthough there are limitations to the translation of scRNA‐Seq to the clinic, we show that its use in otolaryngology can give physicians insight into the tissue heterogeneity within their patient's diseased tissue giving them information on disease pathogenesis, novel disease biomarkers or druggable targets, and aid in selecting patient‐specific drug cocktails.
Landscape and biophysical controls of lake productivity to inform evaluation of sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) populations in data‐limited regions
Authors: Atlas William I. , Selbie Daniel T. , Holt Carrie A. , Cox‐Rogers Steve , Carr‐Harris Charmaine , Pitman Kara J. , Moore Jonathan W. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractLandscape models are increasingly used to classify and predict the structure and productivity of data‐limited aquatic ecosystems. One such suite of ecosystems is on the remote North and Central Coast (NCC) of British Columbia, where sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) rear in more than 150 lakes. Given their remoteness and limited resources for assessment, limnological and population monitoring in many of these lakes has been periodic or absent, limiting understanding of the status of populations and their habitats. Lake photosynthetic rate (PR) estimates are foundational to models of sockeye salmon nursery lake productive capacity. Using data from 61 lakes across the NCC, we compared a suite of landscape and lake variables in an information theoretic framework producing a set of models relating these characteristics to lake PR. A categorical variable related to lake biogeochemistry—whether a lake is humic stained, clear, or glacially turbid—was the most important variable predicting lake PR and was included in all models. Lake surface area relative to upstream catchment size and lake perimeter‐to‐surface‐area ratio were also important, with smaller upstream catchments yielding higher production, and high shoreline complexity correlated with lower productivity as measured by limnetic PR. Model‐averaged predictions of PR from the four models with the lowest residual error were created for 96 lakes currently lacking limnological assessments. These landscape models represent a valuable starting point for evaluating lake‐specific carrying capacities for data‐poor sockeye salmon populations under Canada's Wild Salmon Policy.
Generic Molding Platform for Simple, Low‐Cost Fabrication of Polymeric Microneedles
Authors: Badnikar Kedar , Jayadevi Shreyas N. , Pahal Suman , Sripada Sukruth , Nayak Manjunatha M. , Vemula Praveen K. , Subrahmanyam Dinesh N. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMicromolding technology is widely used for the fabrication of polymer microneedles for transdermal and intradermal drug delivery applications. Geometric features of microneedles in molding are solely determined by geometry of the master mold template. Fabrication of master mold template usually involves costly and cumbersome technologies due to small feature sizes typical of microneedles. In this research, a novel molding platform is designed that is fabricated using low‐cost and simple techniques with flexibility of producing large number of microneedle geometries. The proposed molding platform eliminates need for developing multiple mold templates for fabrication of various geometries of polymer microneedles. Utility of this molding platform is demonstrated in polylactic acid‐based solid thermoplastic microneedles and polyacrylic acid‐based dissolvable microneedles with various aspect ratio settings. Various microneedles fabricated at heights differing with resolution of as low as 100 µm are successfully achieved using specified settings in the molding platform. The suitability of fabricated microneedles for drug delivery applications is evaluated by in vitro and in vivo testing.
Reconstruction of a radical total vulvectomy defect with a single split anterolateral thigh perforator flap: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: O'Brien Andrew L. , Jadallah Erin , Chao Albert H. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractReconstruction following total vulvectomy is a reconstructive challenge. Previously described techniques typically require bilateral flaps and the associated donor site morbidity. We present a case of reconstruction after radical total vulvectomy using a single split anterolateral thigh (ALT) perforator flap with a design that optimizes perfusion while allowing for primary donor site closure. A 68‐year‐old female with a history of vulvar squamous cell carcinoma who had previously undergone vulvectomy and radiation therapy presented with local recurrence. The patient required a radical total vulvectomy, resulting in a 12 × 10 cm vulvar defect. A 2‐perforator ALT flap (25 × 7 cm) was harvested, split transversely, and then inset in a circumferential manner around the vulva. This approach contrasts with previous reports, which split the ALT flap longitudinally or centrally, and can compromise perfusion and/or preclude primary donor site closure. The patient healed without complication with 6 months of follow‐up. The described approach allows for total vulvectomy reconstruction using a single ALT flap with a perforator configuration that maximizes perfusion while obviating the need for donor site grafting.
Catheter‐associated meatal pressure injury in hospitalized males
Authors: Shenhar Chen , Mansvetov Marina , Baniel Jack , Golan Shay , Aharony Shachar 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAimsTo assess the prevalence of catheter‐associated meatal pressure injury in acute hospitalized males, to determine risk factors for its formation and to propose a grading system for meatal pressure injury severity.MethodsIn this cross‐sectional study, we screened all adult males concurrently hospitalized at a tertiary medical center for indwelling urethral catheters and for meatal pressure injury. We proposed a system to grade meatal pressure injury severity and used logistic‐regression modeling to calculate odds ratios (ORs) of possible risk factors.ResultsA number of 168/751 (22.4%) hospitalized males with indwelling urethral catheters were included. Median age was 70.5 (inter‐quartile range [IQR]: 57.0‐80.3) years, median time from catheterization 5.5 (IQR: 2‐11) days. A total of 61 (36%) had meatal pressure injury, as early as the first day after catheterization. Grade III injuries (<2 cm ulcer) developed in 22 (13%) patients, earliest noted on the second catheter day, and grade IV injuries (≥2 cm) in 7 (4%) patients, as early as 5 days post catheterization.In a multivariable analysis, catheter fixation (OR: 0.26 [95% CI: 0.10‐0.70]; P = .008) was associated with reduced risk of meatal pressure injury, while catheter presence over 14 days (OR: 1.46 [95% CI: 1.01‐1.08]; P = .005) and other skin ulcers (OR: 2.45 [95% CI: 1.05‐5.71]; P = .038) were associated with a higher risk of meatal pressure injury.ConclusionsMeatal pressure injury is a common complication of indwelling catheters in hospitalized males, beginning days after catheterization. Meatal pressure injury was associated with prolonged catheter presence, other pressure injuries, and lack of catheter fixation. Prospective studies are needed to establish evidence‐based guidelines.
Reliability of manometry for assessing pelvic floor muscle function in healthy men
Authors: Ouchi Mifuka , Kitta Takeya , Takahashi Yui , Chiba Hiroki , Higuchi Madoka , Togo Mio , Shinohara Nobuo 
Published: April 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo the best of our knowledge, no study has examined the reliability of assessment methods for male pelvic floor muscle (PFM) function. Therefore, this study aimed to clarify the reliability of manometry with an anal sensor (Peritron cat 9300A) to assess PFM function in healthy men.MethodsHealthy male subjects (n = 21) without urinary leakage underwent testing to assess PFM function, and intra‐ and interrater reliability tests among examiners were performed. The PFM function included maximal anorectal squeeze pressure, endurance, mean anorectal squeeze pressure, gradient, and area under the curve during PFM voluntary contraction.ResultsParticipants had a median age of 38 years (range 26‐51), and a mean BMI of 23.2 ± 2.0 kg/m2. Satisfactory intra‐ and interrater reliability scores were found for resting pressure, anorectal squeeze pressure, and endurance. The intra‐rater reliability of resting pressure, anorectal squeeze pressure, and endurance were 0.71, 0.89, and 0.75 for examiner 1 and 0.72, 0.89, and 0.87 for examiner 2. The interrater reliability for resting pressure, anorectal squeeze pressure, and endurance were 0.58, 0.93, and 0.61, respectively.ConclusionsThis is the first prospective study showing the favorable intra‐ and interrater reliability of manometry for PFM function in healthy men. Our findings demonstrated that manometry can provide both reliable and reproducible data regarding PFM function in continent men, suggesting Peritron cat 9300A can be used to evaluate the PFM function in men.
One‐year outcomes of the ARTISAN‐SNM study with the Axonics System for the treatment of urinary urgency incontinence
Authors: Benson Kevin , McCrery Rebecca , Taylor Chris , Padron Osvaldo , Blok Bertil , de Wachter Stefan , Pezzella Andrea , Gruenenfelder Jennifer , Pakzad Mahreen , Perrouin‐Verbe Marie‐Aimee , Van Kerrebroeck Philip , Mangel Jeffrey , Peters Kenneth , Kennelly Michael , Shapiro Andrew , Lee Una , Comiter Craig , Mueller Margaret , Goldman Howard , Lane Felicia 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAimsSacral neuromodulation (SNM) is a guideline‐recommended treatment for voiding dysfunction including urgency, urge incontinence, and nonobstructive retention as well as fecal incontinence. The Axonics® System is a miniaturized, rechargeable SNM system designed to provide therapy for at least 15 years, which is expected to significantly reduce revision surgeries as it will not require replacement as frequently as the non‐rechargeable SNM system. The ARTISAN‐SNM study is a pivotal study designed to treat patients with urinary urgency incontinence (UUI). Clinical results at 1‐year are presented.MethodsA total of 129 eligible UUI patients were treated. All participants were implanted with a quadripolar tined lead and neurostimulator in a single procedure. Efficacy data were collected using a 3‐day bladder diary, a validated quality of life questionnaire (ICIQ‐OABqol), and a participant satisfaction questionnaire. Therapy responders were defined as participants with ≥50% reduction in UUI episodes compared to baseline. Data were analyzed on all 129 participants.ResultsAt 1 year, 89% of the participants were therapy responders. The average UUI episodes per day reduced from 5.6 ± 0.3 at baseline to 1.4 ± 0.2. Participants experienced an overall clinically meaningful improvement of 34 points on the ICIQ‐OABqol questionnaire. All study participants (100%) were able to recharge their device at 1 year, and 96% of participants reported that the frequency and duration of recharging was acceptable. There were no serious device‐related adverse events.ConclusionsThe Axonics System is safe and effective at 1 year, with 89% of participants experiencing clinically and statistically significant improvements in UUI symptoms.