bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biomass loss in village ecosystem due to human-wildlife interaction in Western Himalayan region: A case study
Authors: Rawat Sushma , Nagar Bhuvnesh , Adhikari Bhupendra Singh , Pandey Rajiv , Alatalo Juha M 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Conservation faces the challenge of reconciling human activities with the simultaneous presence of wildlife in cultivated landscapes. In attempt to estimate biomass and associated carbon loss due to the removal of agroforestry trees species the present study was carried out in two villages of Pauri Garhwal. The results revealed that due to human-animal interaction caused substantial biomass loss (7.4 and 2.46 t ha-1) and carbon loss (3.4 and 15.2 t ha-1) in the two studied villages Manjgaon and Mald Bada, respectively. The estimates of the present study demands protecting existing forests and planting trees through reforestation and afforestation as a measure to enhance carbon sequestration capacity. The success of these management practices will depend on the potential to minimise human-animal interactions especially in the fringes of the village community and agricultural landscapes.
Risk Factors and Maternal-Fetal Outcomes of Pregnant with Preeclampsia Who Converted to Cesarean Section After A Trial Vaginal Birth
Authors: Xu Xia , YAN Jian Ying , Chen Lichun 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: At present, most pregnant with preeclampsia choose direct cesarean section. Whether cesarean section after vaginal trial affects the outcome of mother and child and its related risk factorsIt are still unclear. The purpose of this study is to investigate the risk factors and maternal-neonatal outcomes in severe preeclampsia patients who undergo transfer-cesarean section during vaginal labor. Methods: For this retrospective study, patient with severe preeclampsia data from 2015 to 2019 was collected. Study participants were women with severe preeclampsia having a cesarean section during week 34 and 41 of gestation.The population was classified into three groups: patients with severe preeclampsia had cesarean section directly, patients with severe preeclampsia had vaginal deliveries and patients with severe preeclampsia who sufferred from transfer-cesarean section in the vaginal labor. The demographic variables and maternal-fetal outcomes were collected and analyzed. Results: (1) 34%(553/1626) severe preeclampsia had labor induction or natural labor and the ratio of transfer-cesarean section after trial of labor was 39% (216/553) . (2)There was a greater incidence of postpartum haemorrhage (7.7% versus 4.5%),the need for blood transfusion (2.4% versus 0.6%) and more than 7 days of hospitalization (10.4% versus 0.6%) in patients submitted to direct caesarean section compared with vaginal delivery.Apgar score at 5 min <7score and admission of NICU (7.5% versus 2.7%;26.0% versus 18.4%) in the neonates were significantly higher in the direct cesarean section group compared with vaginal delivery,but no difference between direct cesarean section group and transfer cesarean section.(3)When multiple logistic regression analysis was performed,the variables that remained significantly associated with transfer cesarean section were cephalopelvic disproportion (OR ¼ 2.13; 95% CI: 1.43–8.13) and fetal distress (OR ¼ 2.42; 95% CI: 1.76–6.65). Conclusion: Vaginal delivery can be recommended to pregnants with severe preeclampsia as long as there are no contraindications for vaginal delivery. Attempting but failing vaginal delivery would not increase the complications of mother and neonates,but fetal monitoring and labor evaluation should be strengthen during the process of labor.
Older Age and Frailty are the Chief Predictors of Mortality in COVID-19 Patients Admitted to an Acute Medical Unit in a Secondary Care Setting- A Cohort Study
Authors: Chinnadurai Rajkumar , Ogedengbe Onesi , Agarwal Priya , Money-Coomes Sally , Abdurrahman Ahmad Z , Mohammed Sajeel , Kalra Philip A , Rothwell Nicola , Pradhan Sweta 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background There is a need for more observational studies across different clinical settings to better understand the epidemiology of the novel COVID-19 infection. Evidence on clinical characteristics of COVID-19 infection is scarce in secondary care settings in Western populations.MethodsWe describe the clinical characteristics of all consecutive COVID-19 positive patients (n=215) admitted to the acute medical unit at Fairfield General Hospital (secondary care setting) between 23 March 2020 and 30 April 2020 based on the outcome at discharge (alive or deceased). We investigated the risk factors that were associated with mortality using binary logistic regression analysis. Kaplan-Meir (KM) charts were generated by following the outcome in all patients until 12 May 2020. ResultsThe median age of our cohort was 74 years with a predominance of Caucasians (87.4%) and males (62%). Of the 215 patients, 86 (40%) died. A higher proportion of patients who died were frail (63 vs 37%, p<0.001), with a higher prevalence of cardiovascular disease (50 vs 33%, p<0.001) and respiratory diseases (38 vs 25 %, p=0.034). In the multivariate logistic regression models, older age (odds ratio (OR) 1.03; p=0.03), frailty (OR 5.1; p<0.001) and lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) on admission (OR 0.98; p=0.01) were strong and independent predictors of inpatient mortality. KM charts showed a clear difference in survival outcome in the frail older patients. ConclusionOlder age and frailty are strong and independent risk factors associated with mortality in COVID-19 patients hospitalised to an acute medical unit at secondary care level. A holistic approach by incorporating these factors is warranted in the management of patients with COVID-19 infection.
Health and Ecological Risk Assessment of Exposure to Toxic Heavy Metals Found in Settled Dust in the City of Kerman, Southeast of Iran
Authors: Rajabi Azam , Roudbari Aliakbar , aghasi majid 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Heavy metals are toxic elements and can cause serious complications for human health. The aim of the study was to biological monitoring of heavy metals in blood of Kerman residents and its effective parameters. Methods: This research is a cross-sectional descriptive study with the aim of bio monitoring of heavy metals found in blood of residents in Kerman. Sampling was conducted by random sampling at 8 sites on a total of 80 people (10 per site). The samples were examined by acid digestion using ICP-OES to measure the heavy metals. Results: The results of the present study confirmed a concentration of toxic heavy metals in the blood of residents of Kerman. The maximum concentration of heavy metals were observed in the blood of the residents of Moshtagh and Azadi districts, which were the heavy-traffic areas of the city. A statistically significant relationship was seen between the concentration of some of the above elements and occupation, education and smoking. Statistical tests showed a significant relationship between lead concentration and age. Conclusions: The results suggested that exposure to lead elements can cause some degrees of depression in humans. The presence of toxic heavy metals in the blood of residents can affect their health and also cause some complications.
Evaluation of a protocol to detect malnutrition and provide nutritional care for cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy
Authors: SANZ ELENA ÁLVARO , ABILÉS JIMENA , SILES MARGARITA GARRIDO , RUÍZ FRANCISCO RIVAS , GOITIA BEGOÑA TORTAJADA , DOMÍNGUEZ ANTONIO RUEDA 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background

Patients with cancer frequently experience malnutrition, which is associated with higher rates of morbidity and mortality. Therefore, the implementation of strategies for its early detection and for intervention should improve the evolution of these patients. Our study aim is to design and implement a protocol for outpatients starting chemotherapy, by means of which any malnutrition can be identified and treated at an early stage.
Methods

Before starting chemotherapy for patients with cancer, a complete assessment was made of their nutritional status, using the Nutriscore screening tool. When nutritional risk was detected, an interventional protocol was applied.
Results

Of 234 patients included in the study group, 84 (36%) required an individualised nutritional approach: 27 (32.1%) presented high nutritional risk, 12 had a Nutriscore result ≥ 5 and 45 experienced weight loss during chemotherapy. Among this population, the mean weight loss (with respect to normal weight) on inclusion in the study was − 3.6% ±8.2. By the end of the chemotherapy, the mean weight gain was 0% ±7.3 (p < 0.001) and 71.0% of the patients had experienced weight gain or maintenance, with respect to the initial weight.
Conclusion

More than a third of cancer patients who start chemotherapy are candidates for early nutritional intervention. This finding highlights the importance of early identification of patients at risk in order to improve the efficacy of nutritional interventions, regardless of the stage of the disease.
Long-term Effects of Mixed Management on Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Community of Root and Soil in Juglans mandshurica Plantation
Authors: Ji Li , Zhang Yan , Yang Yuchun , Yang Lixue , Yang Na , Zhang Depeng 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: The establishment of mixed plantations is an effective way to improve soil fertility and increase forest productivity. Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) fungi are a kind of obligated symbiotic fungi, which can promote plants absorption of mineral nutrients and regulate intraspecific and interspecific competition. However, the effects of mixture on the community structure and abundance of AM fungi are still unclear. The Illumina MiSeq sequencing technique was used to determine the AM fungal community in the roots and soils of pure and mixed plantations (Juglans mandshurica × Larix gmelinii). The objective is to compare the response from root and rhizosphere soil AM fungal communities of Juglans mandshurica to long-term mixed plantation management. Results: Glomus and Paraglomus were the dominant genus in root samples, which accounted for more than 80% of the sequences. Compared with the pure plantation, the relative abundance of Glomus was higher in mixed plantation. Glomus, Diversispora and Paraglomus accounted for more than 85% of the sequences in soil samples. The relative abundance of Diversispora and Unclassified_c__Glomeromycetes were higher and lower in pure plantation, respectively. Samples of the Root_P (roots in pure plantation) had the highest number of unique OTUs (Operational Taxonomic Units), which were mainly composed of sequences belonging to unclassified_c__Glomeromycetes, Paraglomus, Glomus and Acaulospora. The amount of unique OTU detected in soil in pure and mixed plantation was relatively close. In the same types of sample (whether root or soil), the forest type did not have significant effect on AM fungal diversity, but the Sobs, Shannon, Chao1 and Ace indices of AM fungi in the roots were significantly higher than those in the soil. Conclusions: The mixed forest management had little effect on the AM fungal community in the root of Juglans mandshurica, but significantly changed the community composition of the soil AM fungi rather than diversity.
The Potential of Hematopoietic Stem Cells (Hsc) Against Sars-Cov-2 (Covid-19) With Virus Isolates From Indonesia (In Vitro Study)
Authors: Sumorejo Purwati , Purnama Disca Sandyakala , Miatmoko Andang , Nasronudin Nasronudin , Dinaryanti Aristika , Karsari Deya , Hendrianto Eryk , Ihsan Igo Saiful , Ertanti Nora , Asmarawati Tri Pudy , Marfiani Erika , Izzah Zamrotul , Rosyid Alfian Nur , Wulaningrum Prastuti Asta , Setiawan Herley Windo 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: The prevalence of COVID-19 cases in Indonesia until June 9th 2020, Government has confirmed the number of 32.076 positive cases from 34 provinces in Indonesia with 1.923 fatalities. Along with the development of technology, stem cell-based biological medical therapy, and stem cell-based immunotherapy were developed to find out its potential in the case of COVID-19 treatment besides using chemical drugs as a therapy.Methods: In this study, in vitro research will be conducted to determine the potential of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) against SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) viruses with virus isolates from Indonesia. The SARS-CoV-2 virus was planted in rat kidney cells and Vero cells, then cells that had been planted with the virus were given HSC cells and then evaluated at 24, 48, and 72 hours. The evaluation is done by collecting cells and supernatant from the cell plate and then evaluating the viral load using a Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) machine.Results: The results showed that the addition of HSC on cells that had been infected by SARS-CoV-2 decrease in viral load within 24 to 72 hours in all variations of Multiples of Infection (MoI) values.Conclusions: The administration of HSC cells has the potential to eliminate SARS-CoV-2 virus. Although this research is an in vitro study, this study could be the basis for the development of alternative stem cell-based therapies to handle COVID-19 cases in Indonesia.
Experiences of Telemental Health Providers and Support Staff Serving Indigenous Patients of Northern Canada
Authors: Shang Zhida , Arnaert Antonia , Hindle Yvonne , Debe Zoumanan , Côté-Leblanc Geneviève , Saadi Amine 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: It is known that there is a high mental health burden among Indigenous communities in Northern Quebec. The use of telemental health (TMH) may be a potential solution in addressing this burden, but its use in the Northern Quebec context has never been studied. Methods: A purposive sample of eight healthcare providers and support staff comprising of an entire TMH clinic serving Indigenous patients in Northern Quebec was recruited. A qualitative descriptive approach was adopted, and semi-structured interviews were conducted, concurrent with thematic data analysis.Results: Overall, the TMH staff have a very strong sense of communication, which allows them to diligently serve the Indigenous communities, and reflect upon their own practice. On the other hand, Northern patient care at the inpatient unit is seen as a work in progress, as there exists further potential for culturally sensitive Indigenous patient care. Both the TMH clinic and the inpatient unit address the mental health gap in Northern Quebec, where local staff turnover is adversely affecting patient care. As for the delivery of the mental health care, the in-person and videoconferencing consultations have a synergistic effect, since they allow for the TMH psychiatrists to maintain both an insider and outsider identity. Finally, a comprehensive electronic medical record and further administrative reforms are desperately needed, which would increase the efficiency of all components of the TMH clinic. Conclusions: TMH is an indispensable component of Northern patient care, but there is room for further improvements, especially with regards to the inpatient unit and documentation methods. This study may have implications towards the development and improvement of telemental health in Northern Quebec.
Housing Conditions, Level of Feeding and Presence of Antibiotics in The Feed Shape Rabbit Cecal Microbiota
Authors: Velasco-Galilea María , Guivernau Miriam , Piles Miriam , Viñas Marc , Rafel Oriol , Sánchez Armand , Ramayo-Caldas Yuliaxis , González-Rodríguez Olga , Sánchez Juan P. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: the effect of the production environment and different management practices in rabbit cecal microbiota remains poorly understood. While previous studies have proved the impact of the age or the feed composition, research in the housing conditions and other animal management aspects, such as the presence of antibiotics in the feed or the level of feeding, is still needed. Characterization of microbial diversity and composition of growing rabbits raised under different conditions could help better understand the role these practices play in cecal microbial communities and how it may result in different animal performance. Results: four hundred twenty-five meat rabbits raised in two different facilities, fed under two feeding regimes ( ad libitum or restricted) with feed supplemented or free of antibiotics, were selected for this study. A 16S rDNA-based assessment through the MiSeq Illumina sequencing platform was performed on cecal samples collected from these individuals at slaughter. Different univariate and multivariate approaches were conducted to unravel the influence of the different factors on microbial alpha diversity and composition at phylum, genus and OTU taxonomic levels. The animals raised in the facility harboring the most stable environmental conditions had greater, and less variable, microbial richness and diversity. Bootstrap univariate analyses of variance and sparse partial least squares-discriminant analyses endorsed that the farm exerted the largest influence on rabbit microbiota since the relative abundances of many taxa were found differentially represented between both facilities at all taxonomic levels characterized. Furthermore, only five OTUs were needed to achieve a perfect classification of samples according to the facility where animals were raised. The level of feeding and the presence of antibiotics did not modify the global alpha diversity but had an impact on some bacteria relative abundances, albeit in a small number of taxa compared with the farm, which is consistent with the lower sample classification power according to these factors achieved using microbial information. Conclusions: this study reveals different degrees of influence attributable to environment and animal management. It highlights the importance of offering a controlled breeding environment that reduces differences in microbial cecal composition that could be causative of different animal performance.
A case report of serious brain and lung injury caused by mistakenly taking Mosquito repellent liquid contains Meperfluthrin
Authors: Lou Qing , Zhang Shengxin , Zheng Shengkun , Liu Huaying , Lu Yi , Hong Shaoxian 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background

Mosquito repellent liquid containing Meperfluthrin is widely used in the daily life. Among all clinical cases that children take mosquito repellent by mistake, only a fewwere recorded with serious brain and lung damages caused by Meperfluthrin.
Case presentation:

This case report presents a 16-month-old child in Xiamen City of China with severe brain and lung injury caused by mistakenly taking mosquito repellent that contains 0.8% Meperfluthrin. The child was treated with mechanical ventilation, fiberoptic bronchoalveolar lavage, anti-infection, 20% mannitol for dehydration, ganglioside and neurologic rehabilitation. The child recovered after 2 months.
Conclusion

This case shows that the improper administration of Meperfluthrin may cause serious toxic damage to brain and lung. Clinicians and parents should pay attention to prevention and targeting treatment promptly after intoxication.
A Serum Metabolic Profiling Analysis During the Formation of Fatty Liver in Landes Geese via Gc-tof/ms
Authors: Gong Yujie , Lyu Wentao , Shi Xingfen , Zou Xiaoting , Lu Lizhi , Yang Hua , Xiao Yingping 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background:During the process of fatty liver production by overfeeding, the levels of endogenous metabolites in the serumof geese would change dramatically. This study investigated the effects of overfeeding on serum metabolism of Landes geese and the underlying mechanisms using a metabolomics approach.Results:Sixty Landes geese of the same age were randomly divided into the following 3 groups: D0 group (free from gavage); D7 group (overfeeding for 7 days); D25 group (overfeeding for 25 days). The results showed that overfeeding significantly increased the body weight and the liver weight of geese. Serum enzymatic activities and serum lipid levels were significantly enhanced following overfeeding.Gas chromatography time-of-flight/massspectrometry (GC-TOF/MS) was employed to explore the serum metabolic patterns, and to identify potential contributors to the formation of fatty liver and the correlatedmetabolic pathways. A large number of endogenous molecules in serum were altered, especially at the late stage of overfeeding (7 days to 25 days). Continuous elevated levels of pyruvic acid, alanine, proline and beta-glycerophosphoric acid and reduced lactic acid level were observed in the serum of overfed geese. Pathway exploration found that the most of significantly different metabolites were involved in various amino acids metabolism, carbohydrate metabolismand lipid metabolism.Conclusions: These findings pinpoint specific metabolite changes and identify potential biomarkers for early diagnosis of fatty liver disease, as well as provide insights into the perturbation of metabolic pathways involved in fatty liver formation.
Development and Validation of a Prognostic Nomogram to Predict Overall Survival of Elderly Patients with Gastric Cancer
Authors: Zhou Xingguo , Ding Yinlu , Wang Yu , Xue Ying , Zang Yifeng , Dong Changzheng , Zhou Wei 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignant tumors of digestive tract origin in China. The proportion of elderly patients with gastric cancer (GC) gradually increases as the population ages. We aimed to develop a prognostic nomogram for prediction of elderly (≥ 75 years old) GC patients in overall survival (OS).
Patients and Methods

Patients with GC from 2005 to 2014 were selected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Result (SEER) database and randomly assigned to development and validation sets. The variables for establishing nomogram were confirmed by univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard analysis based on the development set. The predictive accuracy and discriminative ability of the model was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, the concordance index (C-index) and calibration curves, while its clinical utility was assessed using decision curve analysis (DCA) and Kaplan-Meier curve.
Results

A total of 1445 patients were included in this study. The nomogram was developed including histologic grade, AJCC stage T, N, M and surgery according to the univariate and multivariate cox regression analysis, the area under the time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and Occam’s Law of Razor. The C-index of the nomogram was higher than the TNM system in the training cohort (0.710 vs 0.652, p < 0.001), which was also confirmed in the validation cohort (0.701 vs 0.643, p < 0.001); and high AUCs were noted in both development and validation sets. The nomogram showed good discrimination and calibration in both development and validation sets. The DCA curves showed that the nomogram had better clinical utility compared to the AJCC stage model. In addition, participants could be divided into three disparate risk groups (low, moderate, high) by the nomogram.
Conclusion

This study established a prognostic nomogram that improved the performance of the AJCC staging system with incorporation of risk factors to better predict the short-term survival in elderly GC patients.