bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictors of HbA1c among adipocytokine biomarkers in African American men with varied glucose tolerance
Authors: Barengolts Elena , Akbar Arfana , Layden Brian T , Eisenberg Yuval , Priyadarshini Medha , Borgia Jeffrey A , Fhied Cristina L , Dugas Lara R , Salim Michael 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background: Adipocytokines are important in type 2 diabetes (T2D). This study explored adipocytokine associations with acute and chronic hyperglycemia in African American Men (AAM). Methods: Fourteen adipocytokines were measured (multiplex assay) in blood samples from men with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) or T2D (drug-naïve MF(-) or using metformin MF(+)). Acute and chronic hyperglycemia were evaluated at 120-minute of OGTT and by HbA1c, respectively. Results: AAM with T2D (N=21) compared to NGT (N=20) were significantly older (59 vs. 54 years) and had higher body mass index (BMI 35 vs. 27 kg/m2) (p<0.01 for both). Fasting and 120-minute OGTT glucose and insulin were higher in T2D than NGT, however, differences did not reach statistical significance after adjusting for age and BMI. In the fasted state, TNF-a, IL-6, PAI-1 (p<0.01 for all) and IL-13, adiponectin, adipsin, lipocalin (p<0.05 for all) were lower in T2D compared to NGT. At 120-minute post-glucose load (acute hyperglycemia) TNF-a, IL-6, IL-13, IL-8, PAI-1, adiponectin, adipsin (p<0.01 for all) and lipocalin, resistin (p<0.05 for both) were lower in T2D than in NGT group. There were no statistical differences for the other adipocytokines including GM-CSF, IL-7, IL-10, IP-10, and MCP-1. Regression analysis (adjusted for age and BMI) showed that fasting IL-8, TNF-a, adiponectin, lipocalin, resistin, adipsin, and PAI-1 were all associated with HbA1c (p<0.05 for all). Further modeling revealed that after adjusting for age, BMI, glucose tolerance status and metformin use, only adipsin remained significantly associated with HbA1c (p=0.004). The model including adipsin, TNF-a, age, BMI, and group designation (i.e. NGT, MF(-), MF(+)) explained 86% of HbA1c variability. Conclusions: The study suggested that adipsin could be independently associated with HbA1c in AAM with varied glucose tolerance. Additional studies should corroborate these data and provide mechanistic insights for enabling adipsin-related discoveries of novel T2D treatment.
Hsa_circ_0005909 promotes cell proliferation of osteosarcoma cells by targeting miR-338-3p/HMGA1 axis
Authors: Zhang Cailong , Na Na , Liu Li , Qiu Yingzhu 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Objective: Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common malignant bone tumor in pediatric population. The main goal of this study is to investigate the role of has_circ_0005909 and the underlying signaling pathway involved in OS.Methods: Cell proliferation was measured using CCK-8 assay kit and clone formation assay. Change of RNA and protein expression was determined using RNA extract and quantitative real time PCR (RT-qPCR) assay and Western blotting, respectively. CircInteractome was used to predict the target of circRNA and starBase v2.0 was used to predict the target of miRNAs. Luciferase assay was used to confirm the predicted results from CircInteractome and starBase v2.0.Results: Expression of circ_0005909 was upregulated in both OS tissues and cell lines. The predicted results from CircInteractome and starBase v2.0 demonstrated that circ_0005909 could sponge miR-338-3p and that HGMA1 was the direct target of miR-338-3p. Cell viability and cell clones was inhibited by knockdown of circ_0005909 but increased by dual inhibition of circ_0005909 and miR-338-3p. Phosphorylation of ERK, Akt, PI3K was inhibited by sh-circ_0005909 while this inhibition was repressed by co-transfection of sh-circ_0005909 and HGMA1.Conclusion: Expression of circ_0005909 was upregulated in both OS tissues and cell lines which upregulated expression of HGMA1 through sponging miR-338-3p, resulting in the activation of MAPK-ERK and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways to promote the development of OS.
Displaced acromion fracture associated with anterior glenohumeral subluxation in a polytrauma patient: a case report
Authors: Harb Afif , Razaeian Sam , Zhang Dafang , Krettek Christian , Hawi Nael 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Fractures of the acromion process of the scapula are a rare entity that account for approximately 7% to 16% of all scapula fractures, which in turn account for 0.5% to 1% of all fractures in the body. These fractures usually occur from direct trauma to the shoulder or as a result of overuse injuries to the shoulder joint. Given the rare incidence of these fractures, there are currently no treatment guidelines for treating these fractures when diagnosed. Case presentation: In this case report, we discuss how a secondarily diagnosed displaced acromion fracture associated with anterior glenohumeral joint subluxation in a polytrauma patient was surgically treated. After surgical fixation of this fracture and accordingly neutralizing all the dislocating tension forces exerted by the deltoid muscle, the glenohumeral joint was spontaneously relocated postoperatively. Conclusion: Patient with shoulder trauma should be carefully examined for acromion fractures. Acromion fractures can be treated with good results with early surgical treatment and proper fixation. Surgical treatment is important to regain shoulder functions, as it enables early rehabilitation.
Macrophage Inhibitory Cytokine-1 Induced by a High-Fat Diet Promotes Prostate Cancer Progression by Stimulating Tumor Promoting Cytokine Production from Tumor Stromal Cells
Authors: Huang Mingguo , Narita Shintaro , Koizumi Atsushi , Nara Taketoshi , Numakura Kazuyuki , Satoh Shigeru , Nanjo Hiroshi , Habuchi Tomonori 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Recent studies have indicated that a high-fat diet (HFD) and/or HFD-induced obesity may influence prostate cancer (PCa) progression, but the role of HFD in PCa microenvironment is unclear. Methods: In this study, we investigated the role of HFD on PCa stromal microenvironment using the PC-3M-luc-C6 PCa model mice fed with HFD or control diet, especially focusing on macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 (MIC-1) and its effect on the tumor microenvironment. In addition, the synergistic effect of periprostatic adipocytes (PPAC), derived from primary PCa patients, on activation and cytokine secretion of prostate stromal fibroblasts were investigated. The expression pattern and role of MIC-1 signaling on human PCa stroma activation and PCa progression were investigated.Results: The HFD consumption stimulated PCa cell growth and invasion as a result of upregulated MIC-1 signaling and subsequent increased secretion of interleukin (IL)-8 and IL-6 from prostate stromal fibroblasts in the PC-3M-luc-C6 PCa model mice. In addition, PPAC directly stimulated MIC-1 production from PC-3 cells and IL-8 secretion in prostate stromal fibroblasts through upregulation of the adipolysis and free fatty acid (FFA) release. The increased serum MIC-1 was significantly correlated with human PCa stroma activation, high serum IL-8, IL-6 and lipase activity, advanced PCa progression, and high body mass index of the patients. Glial-derived neurotrophic factor receptor alpha-like (GFRAL), a specific receptor of MIC-1, was highly expressed in both the cytoplasm and membrane of the PCa cells and the surrounding stromal fibroblasts, and the expression level was decreased by androgen deprivation therapy and chemotherapy. Conclusion: HFD-mediated activation of the PCa stromal microenvironment through metabolically upregulated MIC-1 signaling by increased available free fatty acids may be a critical mechanism of HFD and/or obesity induced PCa progression.
Time-course Analysis of Pulmonary Inflammation Induced by Intratracheal Instillation of Fine Crystalline Silica Particles
Authors: Kobayashi Toshio , Tsubokura Yasuhiro , Oshima Yutaka , Sasaki Takeshi , Kawaguchi Kenji , Koga Kenji , Uchida Kunio , Shinohara Naohide , Ajimi Shozo , Kayashima Takakazu , Nakai Makoto , Imatanaka Nobuya 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Crystalline silica is an important cause of serious pulmonary diseases. The relationship between this hazard and various physicochemical parameters of crystalline silica has been studied for more than a century, and the toxic potential of silica is known to be associated with its surface properties. However, no in vivo dataset has yet been accumulated to clarify the relevance of this, especially regarding longer term effects. To provide new insights into these longer term effects, we performed single intratracheal instillation testing of five different crystalline silicas and assessed the time-course changes in pulmonary inflammation, lung burden, and thoracic lymph node loads. The tested silicas were prepared from two commercial products [Min-U-Sil5 (MS5, US Silica Company) and SIO07PB (SPB, Kojundo Chemical)] by using three different pretreatment steps: centrifugation (C), grinding (G), and surface dissolving (D). The five types of silica particles—MS5, MS5_C, SPB_C, SPB_G, and SPB_D—were suspended in purified water and intratracheally instilled into male F344 rats. Bronchoalveolar lavage, lung burden analysis, and histopathological examination were performed 3, 28, and 91 days after instillation.Results: MS5 and MS5_C provoked similar biphasic inflammation that differed in severity: MS5 induced granuloma generation 91 days after instillation, whereas the smaller particles of MS5_C elicited only macrophage aggregation. SPB_C induced severe and persistent inflammation, whereas SPB_G and SPB_D induced only slight and transient acute inflammation. All of the silicas were dose-dependently retained in the lung. Silicas that induced prolonged responses were translocated to the thoracic lymph nodes as early as 28 days after instillation. Those that induced transient inflammation were removed effectively from the lung with very little lymph node retention. No quantitative association was identified between lung retention and physicochemical properties, although common features of the retained materials seemed to be reduced solubility, similar surface properties, and relatively small particle. Conclusion: Our key findings suggest that prolonged silica toxicity occurs through lymph node retention. Although the main drivers of translocation to the lymph nodes have not yet been clarified, we provide in vivo evidence of the contributions of at least silica solubility, surface properties, and particle size.
Social Justice in Health System; a Neglected Component of Academic Nursing Education: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Habibzadeh Hosein , Jasemi Madineh , Hosseinzadegan Fariba 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background : In recent decades, increasing social and health inequalities all over the world has highlighted the importance of social justice as a core nursing value. Therefore, proper education of nursing students is necessary for preparing them to comply with social justice in health systems. This study is aimed to identify the effective factors in teaching the concept of social justice in the nursing curriculum.
Method : This is a qualitative study, in which the conventional content analysis approach was employed to analyze a sample of 13 participants selected using purposive sampling method. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect and analyze the data.
Results : Analysis of the interviews indicated that insufficient education content, incompetency of educators, and inappropriate education approaches made social justice a neglected component in the academic nursing education. These factors were the main themes of the study and showed the negligence of social justice in academic nursing education.
Conclusion : Research findings revealed the weaknesses in teaching the concept of social justice in the nursing education. Accordingly, it is necessary to modify the content of nursing curriculum and education approaches in order to convey this core value. Since nursing educators act as role models for students, especially in practical and ethical areas, more attention should be paid to competency of nursing educators.
Automatic COVID-19 Detection from X-Ray images using Ensemble Learning with Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Das Amit Kumar , Ghosh Sayantani , Thunder Samiruddin , Dutta Rohit , Agarwal Sachin , Chakrabarti Amlan 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Covid-19 continues to have catastrophic effects on the lives of human beings throughout the world. To combat this disease it is necessary to screen the affected patients in a fast and inexpensive way. One of the most viable steps towards achieving this goal is through radiological examination, Chest X-Ray being the most easily available and least expensive option. In this paper we have proposed a Deep Convolutional Neural Network based solution which can detect the Covid-19 +ve patients using chest X-Ray images. To test the efficacy of the solution we have used publicly available chest X-ray images of Covid +ve and -ve cases. 538 images of Covid +ve patients and 468 images of Covid -ve patients have been divided into 771 trainable images and 235 testing images. Our solution gave a classification accuracy of 95.7% and sensitivity of 98% in the test set-up. We have developed a GUI application for public use. This application can be used on any computer by any medical personnel to detect Covid +ve patients using Chest X-Ray images within a very few seconds.
Patient’s perspective regarding the elective surgical procedure during Covid 19 pandemic.
Authors: Badkur Mayank , Puranik Ashok , Sharma Naveen , Baskaran Suruthi 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Introduction: The ongoing Covid-19 pandemic and the subsequent nationwide lockdown, has impacted all aspects of society including medical profession. In hospitals, the focus has mainly shifted to prevention and treatment of Covid-19 infection. Owing to this, all elective surgeries were postponed and only emergent surgeries were performed. This has affected the patients differently depending on the progression of disease and development of complications.Materials and Methods: A well-structured telephonic scripted questionnaire was administered to all patients who were given appointment for any elective surgery. Data was collected regarding the status of disease including complications and the patient’s perspective on method of treatment. Patients who developed complications or underwent emergency surgery or surgery elsewhere were excluded.Results: The male to female ratio was 2.3:1. Mean age of patients was 41.16 years. A total of 86 patients were included in the study. Almost all (98.8%) were aware that the lockdown and withholding of elective surgeries was to prevent spread of coronavirus infection. Among 34 patients with complications, 88.2% were willing to undergo surgical procedure and 73.5% were willing to visit hospital within a week or two. Among patients without complications, 71.2% were willing to continue treatment on wait and watch policy, for a period of 2 months or more (45.7%). 93.5% of patients avoided visit to hospital due to risk of infection.Discussion: Patient’s attitude towards the choice of treatment (wait and watch Vs surgery) mainly depended on the progression of disease. It is critical, during these tough times of Covid-19 pandemic, that risks are weighed against benefits to decide the line of management for patients waiting for elective surgeries.
Modelling long Range Dependence and Non-linearity in the Covid-19 Mortality Rates
Authors: Fasanya Ismail O. , Adekoya Oluwasegun B. , Oyewole Oluwatomisin , Mensah Jones O. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This paper relates to allaying the global fear on the persistence of the mortality rates due to the outbreak of the current COVID-19. This study thus uses the fractional integration techniques to examine the degree of persistence in the COVID-19 mortality rates for the global data and six high-risk countries, namely China, France, Italy, Spain, the United Kingdom and the United States. We find evidence in favour of mean reversion for the global mortality rates in all cases, except Italy and Spain where anti-persistence is observed. The reversion is expected to be faster for the United States followed by France. This means that the effects of the shocks caused by the pandemic on mortality rates will recover automatically by themselves in the countries where mean reversion is noticed. Therefore, we suggest that, in addition to the global strive for medical breakthrough over the virus, other current policies, including social distancing, frequent hand sanitization, appropriate regional lockdowns, etc. introduced by most of these countries are important in drastically reducing the number of contacts with the virus. This will consequently have decreasing effects on mortality rates, and then ensure fast rate of reversion.
Covid-19 outbreak and Oral Health Concerns – A Systematic Review
Authors: Mahdi Syed Sarosh , Ahmed Zohaib , Allana Raheel , Peretti Alessandro , Bijle Mohammed Nadeem , Lin Seow Liang , Daood Umer 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background:The aim of this systematic review is to shed light on practical implications of Covid-19 pandemic for the profession of dentistry. It examines the current literature and dental guidelines on Covid-19 in a systematic manner.Methods:A sequential systematic literature search was conducted on Pubmed, Medline, CINAHL, Scopus, Google scholar, Embase of Web of Science. The search results yielded the following results-Covid-19 (n=5171), Novel corona virus (n=63), Covid- 19 and dentistry (n=46), Covid-19 and oral health (n=41) Novel Corona virus and Dentistry (n=0), dental health and Novel Coronavirus (n=26), and dental practice and Novel Coronavirus (n=6)Results:The final review included 13 articles after elimination of other articles based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Original articles and systematic reviews addressing 2019-nCoV and dentistry were entitled for inclusion, case reports, case series, correspondences, editorials were not included. Bias risk assessment was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS)Conclusion:Covid-19 pandemic is an existential crisis for the profession of dentistry and requires a complete rethink about many aspects of the profession due to the nature of dental work. Evidence based research and multi-sectorial collaboration is required to make the profession safe again, both for the patient and dental team.
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Before Radical Cystectomy: Why We Must Adhere?
Authors: Calò Beppe , Marchioni Michele , Sanguedolce Francesca , Falagario Ugo Giovanni , Chirico Marco , Carrieri Giuseppe , Cormio Luigi 
Published: August 2020

Aim:
To provide a critical literature review on state of the art and novel strategies in the field of neoadjuvant
treatments for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). Methods: a nonsystematic literature review was performed using
PubMed, Scopus and Clinical Trials.gov to retrieve papers related to neoadjuvant treatments for MIBC over the past 15
years. Prospective and retrospective studies were included.

Results:
Platinum-based treatment is the gold standard and mainly consists of a combination of Cisplatin with Vinblastine,
Methotrexate, Doxorubicin, Gemcitabine, Adriamycin or even Epirubicin. The 5-year absolute overall survival benefit of
MVAC is 5% and the absolute disease-free survival improves by 9%. CMV treatment is associated with a 10-year overall
survival improving from 30% to 36% and a 16% reduction in mortality. Gemcitabine and cisplatin regimen provides
complete response in 20% of cases, with non-inferior oncological outcomes compared to MVAC regimen. Recent prospective trials investigating neoadjuvant immunotherapy show high rate of complete response, from 29% with atezolizumab to 39.5% with pembrolizumab. The tyrosine kinase inhibitor pathway is being explored and could offer an interesting strategy to improve survival outcomes.

Conclusions:
Available evidence suggest better oncological outcomes for MIBC patients receiving neoadjuvant treatment
before radical cystectomy. While MVAC remains the standard of care in cisplatin eligible patients, novel strategies are
under development for cisplatin ineligible patients whereby immunotherapy seems to hold great promise.
Mass Spectrometry-Based Label-Free Quantitative Proteomic Analysis of CCl4-Induced Acute Liver Injury in Mice Intervened by Total Glycosides from Ligustri Lucidi Fructus
Authors: Lu Qian , Xing Hai-Zhu , Yang Nian-Yun 
Published: August 2020

Background:
CCl4 Acute Liver Injury (ALI) is a classical model for experimental research.
However, there are few reports involved in the fundamental research of CCl4-induced ALI.
Ligustri Lucidi Fructus (LLF) and its prescription have been used to treat hepatitis illness clinically.
LLF and its active ingredients displayed anti-hepatitis effects, but the mechanism of . function
has not yet been fully clarified.

Objective:
To investigate the proteomic analysis of CCl4-induced ALI, and examine the effects of
active Total Glycosides (TG) from LLF on ALI of mice4, including histopathological survey and
proteomic changes of liver tissues, and delineate the possible underlying mechanism.

Methods:
CCl4 was used to produce the ALI mice model. The model mice were intragastrically administrated
with TG and the liver histopathological changes of mice were examined. At the end of
the test, mice liver samples were collected, and after protein denaturation, reduction, desalination
and enzymatic hydrolysis, identification was carried out by nano LC-ESI-OrbiTrap MS/MS technology.
The data was processed by Maxquant software. The differentially-expressed proteins were
screened and identified, and their biological information was also analyzed based on GO and
KEGG analysis. Key protein expression was validated by Western blot analysis.

Results:
A total of 705 differentially-expressed proteins were identified in the normal, model and
administration groups. 9 significant differential proteins were focused based on the analysis. Liver
protein expression changes of CCl4-induced ALI mice were mainly involved in several important
signaling channels, namely FoxO signaling pathway, autophagy-animal, insulin signaling pathway.
TG has an anti-liver damnification effect in ALI mice, the mechanism of which is related to FoxO1
and autophagy pathways.

Conclusion:
CCl4 inhibited expression of insulin-Like growth factor 1 (Igf1) and 3-phosphoinositide-
dependent protein kinase 1 (Pdpk1) in liver cells and induced insulin resistance, thus interfering
with mitochondrial autophagy and regeneration of liver cells and the metabolism of glucose
and lipid, and causing hepatic necrosis in mice. TG resisted liver injury in mice. TG adjusted the expression
level of key proteins Igf1 and Pdpk1 after liver injury and improved insulin resistance,
thus promoting autophagy and resistance to liver damage.
Rapid Cesium Fluoride Catalyzed Synthesis of 5-Aryloxy-1-phenyl-1Htetrazoles via Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution
Authors: Khan Khalid Mohammed , Fatima Itrat , Perveen Shahnaz , Saad Syed Muhammad 
Published: August 2020

Abstract:
A nucleophilic aromatic substitution via a new and facile cesium fluoride catalyzed synthetic
approach to get 5-aryloxy-1-phenyl-1H-tetrazoles was developed. Dual usage of cesium fluoride as a
nucleophilic catalyst as well as an electrophilic catalyst afforded the desired products at room temperature
in a short reaction time without purification in high yields. This simple but useful reaction may be
a rapid and reliable strategy for the synthesis of tetrazolyl ethers.