bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A failure innovation strategy of acquisition during excess capacity: financial approach based on case study at the state-owned cement holding PT Semen Indonesia (Persero) Tbk
Authors: Subiyanto Effnu 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis research aims to prove that wide gap between theories and practices in terms of acquisition that should be positive to drive performance of the acquirer but the distinctive things happened in Indonesia was not according to the preliminary design planned. The failure acquisition of Semen Indonesia (SMGR) over Holcim Indonesia (SMCB) in 2018 due to what had been done during excessive capacity should be priority to strengthen interns than acting to intervene outside. This study elaborates a case study, mixed-type research, and presents by explanatory design. It comes to find that acquisition during excess capacity is a failure step taken by PT Semen Indonesia (Persero) Tbk. Many corporate steps are taken to a polish performance of the SMCB-acquiree but so far failing and endangering the whole performance. To compensate and withhold the climb-down due to oversupply, the management engineering of market intervention had been done. Big portions of market’s regions previously belong to SMGR had been handed over to SMCB to help increase its performance. The forced switching to polishing SBI’s performance is hurting all of the holding’s members. SBI enjoys improving market but at the same time endangers the performance of the whole groups of holdings. This research contributes to updating the present development of recent corporate actions of popular merger and acquisition are both previously labeled as the best corporate strategy for decades.
Community pharmacist-administered seasonal influenza vaccination: a national customer survey
Authors: Stämpfli Dominik , la Torre Adrian Martinez-De , Du Pasquier Sophie , Stegmann Danielle , Brügger Andrea , Burden Andrea M. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
In Switzerland, the influenza vaccination is recommended for high-risk groups and people who have contact with high-risk groups. Since 2015, Swiss pharmacists are allowed to vaccinate healthy adults after acquiring a certificate of competence for vaccination and blood sampling techniques. We aimed to assess customers of the seasonal influenza vaccination in pharmacies in regard to their satisfaction, motivation, and reasons.

Methods
Swiss pharmacies collected survey data during a period of 12 weeks from mid-October 2019 to mid-January 2020. Each participating pharmacy was sent 20 questionnaires to be handed out to vaccinated customers. The questionnaire was available in German and French and subdivided into four sections: demographic information, satisfaction, reasons for getting the vaccination, and reasons for choosing a pharmacy as a place of vaccination. We tested for statistical differences in answer tendencies across strata on questionnaire language, age groups, and levels of education.

Results
Of the 1600 surveys sent, 80 pharmacies sent back 656 completed questionnaires (return rate, 41%). Main age bracket was 65–74 years (26.2%), followed by 55–64 years (24.7%), with an equal distribution of reported sex (female, 49.5%). Of the respondents, 99% would have recommended the service and 88.5% felt very comfortable being vaccinated by a pharmacist. Satisfaction included injection technique, used facilities, preparatory discussions, and pricing of the service. Easy scheduling was a main motivation for choosing a pharmacy as the vaccination provider. We identified minor differences in answer tendencies across questionnaire language and age groups, but not across levels of education.

Conclusion
Customer satisfaction with community pharmacist-administered seasonal influenza vaccinations is high in Switzerland.
Comparison of the local pivotal method and systematic sampling for national forest inventories
Authors: Räty Minna , Kuronen Mikko , Myllymäki Mari , Kangas Annika , Mäkisara Kai , Heikkinen Juha 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
The local pivotal method (LPM) utilizing auxiliary data in sample selection has recently been proposed as a sampling method for national forest inventories (NFIs). Its performance compared to simple random sampling (SRS) and LPM with geographical coordinates has produced promising results in simulation studies. In this simulation study we compared all these sampling methods to systematic sampling. The LPM samples were selected solely using the coordinates (LPMxy) or, in addition to that, auxiliary remote sensing-based forest variables (RS variables). We utilized field measurement data (NFI-field) and Multi-Source NFI (MS-NFI) maps as target data, and independent MS-NFI maps as auxiliary data. The designs were compared using relative efficiency (RE); a ratio of mean squared errors of the reference sampling design against the studied design. Applying a method in NFI also requires a proven estimator for the variance. Therefore, three different variance estimators were evaluated against the empirical variance of replications: 1) an estimator corresponding to SRS; 2) a Grafström-Schelin estimator repurposed for LPM; and 3) a Matérn estimator applied in the Finnish NFI for systematic sampling design.

Results
The LPMxy was nearly comparable with the systematic design for the most target variables. The REs of the LPM designs utilizing auxiliary data compared to the systematic design varied between 0.74–1.18, according to the studied target variable. The SRS estimator for variance was expectedly the most biased and conservative estimator. Similarly, the Grafström-Schelin estimator gave overestimates in the case of LPMxy. When the RS variables were utilized as auxiliary data, the Grafström-Schelin estimates tended to underestimate the empirical variance. In systematic sampling the Matérn and Grafström-Schelin estimators performed for practical purposes equally.

Conclusions
LPM optimized for a specific variable tended to be more efficient than systematic sampling, but all of the considered LPM designs were less efficient than the systematic sampling design for some target variables. The Grafström-Schelin estimator could be used as such with LPMxy or instead of the Matérn estimator in systematic sampling. Further studies of the variance estimators are needed if other auxiliary variables are to be used in LPM.
HALT (Hernia Active Living Trial): protocol for a feasibility study of a randomised controlled trial of a physical activity intervention to improve quality of life in people with bowel stoma with a bulge/parastomal hernia
Authors: Hubbard Gill , Beeken Rebecca J. , Taylor Claire , Oliphant Raymond , Watson Angus J. M. , Munro Julie , Russell Sarah , Goodman William 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundParastomal hernia (PSH) can be repaired surgically, but results to date have been disappointing, with reported recurrence rates of 30 to 76%. Other types of intervention are therefore needed to improve the quality of life of people with PSH. One potential intervention is physical activity. We hypothesise that the intervention will increase core activation and control across the abdominal wall at a site of potential weakness and thus reduce the risk of PSH progression. Increases in physical activity will improve body image and quality of life (QoL).MethodsSubjects and sampleThere were approximately 20 adults with a bowel stoma and PSH. People with previous PSH repair will be excluded as well as people who already do core training.Study designThis is a feasibility study of a randomised controlled trial with 2 months follow-up, in 2 sites using mixed methods. Stage 1 involves intervention development and in stage 2, intervention and trial parameters will be assessed.InterventionA theoretically informed physical activity intervention was done, targeting people with PSH.Main outcome of feasibility studyThe main outcome is the decision by an independent Study Steering Committee whether to proceed to a full randomised controlled trial of the intervention.Other outcomesWe will evaluate 4 intervention parameters—fidelity, adherence, acceptability and safety and 3 trial parameters (eligible patients’ consent rate, acceptability of study design and data availability rates for following endpoints):Diagnosis and classification of PSHMuscle activationBody composition (BMI, waist circumference)Patient reported outcomes: QoL, body image and physical functioningPhysical activity;Psychological determinants of physical activityOther dataIncluded are other data such as interviews with all participants about the intervention and trial procedures.Data analysis and statistical powerAs this is a feasibility study, the quantitative data will be analysed using descriptive statistics. Audio-recorded qualitative data from interviews will be transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically.DiscussionThe feasibility and acceptability of key intervention and trial parameters will be used to decide whether to proceed to a full trial of the intervention, which aims to improve body image, quality of life and PSH progression.Trial registrationISRCTN15207595
Feasibility of preoperative tattooing of percutaneously biopsied axillary lymph node: an experimental pilot study
Authors: Sattar Abida K. , Ali Basim , Masroor Imrana , Afzal Shaista , Tariq Mohammad Usman , Idrees Romana , Uzzaman Maseeh , Khalid Wardah 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
In the last three decades, axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) has been replaced by sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) in all clinically node-negative patients. However, when SLNB alone is performed in clinically node-positive patients who are rendered node-negative by neoadjuvant chemotherapy, the procedure has a high false-negative rate and other complementary procedures have been described to improve its reliability. Preoperative tattooing of the suspicious lymph node with India ink at the time of biopsy, in addition to sentinel lymph node biopsy, is a reasonable alternative. The objective of our study is to determine, in clinically node-positive patients, the feasibility of tattooing suspicious axillary lymph node at the time of percutaneous needle biopsy and its retrieval at the time of surgery.

Methods
A prospective experimental study will be conducted divided into two phases—phases I and II. In phase I, 10 patients committed to undergo upfront surgery (without neoadjuvant chemotherapy) will have a suspicious lymph node tattooed by injecting India ink at the time of core needle biopsy. All patients will undergo a SLNB, during which the axilla will be inspected to determine if the tattooed lymph node can be visualized. Routine microscopic examination will follow, and concordance between the sentinel and tattooed node will also be established. In phase II, the process will be repeated for 30 patients who undergo surgery after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The analysis will be performed in Stata version 12.

Discussion
There is a need to identify and test the techniques for the down-staged axilla in post-neoadjuvant chemotherapy patients, which are not only practical and limit the number of invasive procedures necessary but are representative of the new axillary status and help limit the extent of axillary surgery without negatively impacting outcomes. We propose that, for the patient undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy with a biopsy-proven disease in the axilla, this could be achieved by India ink which allows marking, identification, and retrieval of the biopsied lymph node. Retrieval of this previously biopsied lymph node along with sentinel nodes, if found to be representative of the status of the remainder of the axilla, could potentially eliminate the need for routine axillary lymph node dissection and thus limit morbidity.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03939598. Retrospectively registered on 7 May 2019.
Teaching undergraduate mathematics fully online: a review from the perspective of communities of practice
Authors: Trenholm Sven , Peschke Julie 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe use of fully online (FO) mathematics teaching has been increasing worldwide. Despite claims and findings that mathematics is more challenging to teach FO than face-to-face (F2F), we know little about FO mathematics teaching.In this paper, we address this gap by working to elucidate the differences between teaching in the FO and F2F modalities. We do this by examining FO and F2F teaching from the perspective of Communities of Practice (Wenger, Social learning systems and communities of practice, 2010) by comparing and contrasting current FO practices (or “ways of doing”) in thegeneralundergraduate education communitywithcurrent F2F practices in the undergraduatemathematicscommunity. We identify six key differences between the two paradigms, which we recast to spotlight areas for technological and pedagogical development.
Evaluation of suitable reference genes for normalization of quantitative real-time PCR analysis in rice plants under Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae--infection and melatonin supplementation
Authors: Chen Xian , Laborda Pedro , Dong Yan , Liu Fengquan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractExogenous melatonin (MT) was found to be an interesting tool for enhancing the resistance of rice to Xanthomonasoryzaepv. oryzae (Xoo)-caused bacterial blight (BB). However, the accurate comparison of the expression levels across samples was a challenging task. In this work, the stability of 10 common used housekeeping genes under Xoo-infection and MT supplementation in rice was analyzed using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), and algorithms geNorm, NormFinder and BestKeeper. Our results indicated that most reference genes remained stable in Xoo-infected rice plants, while a number of reference genes were affected by MT supplementation. Among all studied genes, the transcript levels of 18S(18S ribosomal RNA) and UBC (Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2) remained unaltered by Xoo infection, while UBC and UBQ5(Ubiquitin 5) were the most stable genes when examining simultaneous Xoo-infection and MT supplementation, demonstrating that UBC is a suitable reference gene for qRT-PCR data normalization in rice under Xoo-infection and MT supplementation.
Toward Optimization of Cancer Care in Sub-Saharan Africa: Development of National Comprehensive Cancer Network Harmonized Guidelines for Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Mutebi Miriam , Adewole Isaac , Orem Jackson , Abdella Kunuz , Coker Olujimi , Kolawole Israel , Komen Ahmed , Munema Asafu , Ndlovu Ntokozo , O’Brien Meg , Koh Wui Jin , Carlson Robert ,   on behalf of the African Cancer Coalition
Published: September 2020

PURPOSE Standard treatment guidelines improve patient outcomes, including disease-specific survival, in cancer care. The African Cancer Coalition was formed in 2016 to harmonize cancer treatment guidelines for sub-Saharan Africa. METHODS The African Cancer Coalition collaborated with the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) and the American Cancer Society to harmonize 46 cancer treatment guidelines for use in sub-Saharan Africa. Harmonization for each guideline was completed by a group of approximately 6-10 African cancer experts from a range of specialties and with representation across resource levels. Each working group was chaired by an African oncologist and included a member of the appropriate NCCN guidelines panel. Treatment recommendations from the parent guidelines were distinguished as options that are generally available and should be considered standard care in most of the region or as highly advanced options for which cost or other resources may limit widespread availability. Additional recommendations specific to sub-Saharan Africa were added. RESULTS The NCCN Harmonized Guidelines for sub-Saharan Africa, available for download on the NCCN website and mobile application, provide flexible recommendations appropriate for the range of resources seen in African cancer programs, from private comprehensive cancer centers to resource-constrained public hospitals. IBM (Armonk, NY) has developed a digital interface—the Cancer Guidelines Navigator—that allows oncologists to access the treatment recommendations for the first five guidelines through an interactive web-based application. CONCLUSION Harmonized guidelines that reflect the diversity of resource levels that characterize the current state of clinical care for cancer in Africa have the potential to fill a crucial gap in efforts to standardize and improve cancer care in Africa.
Effects of Oral Contraception and Lifestyle Modification on Incretins and TGF-ß Superfamily Hormones in PCOS
Authors: Shah Aesha , Dodson William C , Kris-Etherton Penny M , Kunselman Allen R , Stetter Christy M , Gnatuk Carol L , Estes Stephanie J , Allison Kelly C , Sarwer David B , Sluss Patrick M , Coutifaris Christos , Dokras Anuja , Legro Richard S 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Objective
To examine the effects of common treatments for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) on a panel of hormones (reproductive/metabolic).

Design
Secondary analysis of blood from a randomized controlled trial of three 16-week preconception interventions designed to improve PCOS-related abnormalities: continuous oral contraceptive pills (OCPs, N = 34 subjects), intensive lifestyle modification (Lifestyle, N = 31), or a combination of both (Combined, N = 29).

Materials and Methods
Post-treatment levels of activin A and B, inhibin B, and follistatin (FST), as well as Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), insulin-like growth factor binding protein 2 (IGFBP-2), glucagon, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and 2, and oxyntomodulin were compared to baseline, and the change from baseline in these parameters were correlated with outcomes.

Results
Oral contraceptive pill use was associated with a significant suppression in activin A, inhibin A, and anti-mullerian hormone (AMH), but a significant increase in FST. IGF-1, IGFBP-2, glucagon, and GLP-2 levels were significantly decreased. Oxyntomodulin was profoundly suppressed by OCPs (ratio of geometric means: 0.09, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.05, 0.18, P &lt; 0.001). None of the analytes were significantly affected by Lifestyle, whereas the effects of Combined were similar to OCPs alone, although attenuated. Oxyntomodulin was significantly positively associated with the change in total ovarian volume (rs = 0.27; 95% CI: 0.03, 0.48; P = 0.03) and insulin sensitivity index (rs = 0.48; 95% CI: 0.27, 0.64; P &lt; 0.001), and it was inversely correlated with change in area under the curve (AUC) glucose [rs = -0.38; 95% CI: -0.57, -0.16; P = 0.001]. None of the hormonal changes were associated with live birth, only Activin A was associated with ovulation (risk ratio per 1 ng/mL increase in change in Activin A: 6.0 [2.2, 16.2]; P &lt; 0.001).

Conclusions
In women with PCOS, OCPs (and not Lifestyle) affect a wide variety of reproductive/metabolic hormones, but their treatment response does not correlate with live birth.
The cationic amino acid exporter Slc7a7 is induced and vital in zebrafish tissue macrophages with sustained efferocytic activity
Authors: Demy Doris Lou , Carrère Mireille , Noche Ramil , Tauzin Muriel , Le Bris Marion , Baek Chooyoung , Leshchiner Ignaty , Goessling Wolfram , Herbomel Philippe 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT
Most tissues harbor a substantial population of resident macrophages. Here, we elucidate a functional link between the Slc7a7 cationic amino acid transporter and tissue macrophages. We identified a mutant zebrafish devoid of microglia due to a mutation in the slc7a7 gene. We found that in Slc7a7-deficient larvae, macrophages do enter the retina and brain to become microglia, but then die during the developmental wave of neuronal apoptosis, which triggers intense efferocytic work from them. A similar macrophage demise occurs in other tissues, at stages where macrophages have to engulf many cell corpses, whether due to developmental or experimentally triggered cell death. We found that Slc7a7 is the main cationic amino acid transporter expressed in macrophages of zebrafish larvae, and that its expression is induced in tissue macrophages within 1–2 h upon efferocytosis. Our data indicate that Slc7a7 is vital not only for microglia but also for any steadily efferocytic tissue macrophages, and that slc7a7 gene induction is one of the adaptive responses that allow them to cope with the catabolism of numerous dead cells without compromising their own viability.
Extreme diving in mammals: first estimates of behavioural aerobic dive limits in Cuvier's beaked whales
Authors: Quick Nicola J. , Cioffi William R. , Shearer Jeanne M. , Fahlman Andreas , Read Andrew J. 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACTWe analysed 3680 dives from 23 satellite-linked tags deployed on Cuvier's beaked whales to assess the relationship between long duration dives and inter-deep dive intervals and to estimate aerobic dive limit (ADL). The median duration of presumed foraging dives was 59 min and 5% of dives exceeded 77.7 min. We found no relationship between the longest 5% of dive durations and the following inter-deep dive interval nor any relationship with the ventilation period immediately prior to or following a long dive. We suggest that Cuvier's beaked whales have low metabolic rates, high oxygen storage capacities and a high acid-buffering capacity to deal with the by-products of both aerobic and anaerobic metabolism, which enables them to extend dive durations and exploit their bathypelagic foraging habitats.
Treatment outcomes after definitive radio(chemo)therapy for 17 lacrimal sac squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Song Xinmao , He Huanyu , Zhu Yi , Wang Shengzi , Wang Jie , Wang Weifang , Li Yi 
Published: September 2020

Objectives: Tumors of the lacrimal sac are rare and life-threatening. Because of their rarity, no extensive clinical data on their management and prognosis exist. We investigated the application of definitive radiation therapy and its outcome in patients with lacrimal sac squamous cell carcinoma (LSSCC). Methods: We retrospectively studied 17 patients with LSSCC at a single institution between 2003 and 2017. All the patients were treated with definitive radiotherapy, and 11 patients were delivered with cisplatin-based chemotherapy. The patients’ clinical records were reviewed for symptoms, pathological types, the volume and dosimetry of the tumors and their adjacent structures, radiation coverage of lymph node drainage areas, treatment outcomes, and complications from definitive radiotherapy. Results: Median follow-up was 38.9 months, and age at diagnosis was 48 years.The 2-year and 5-year overall survival, progression-free survival, locoregional control, and disease metastasis-free survival rates were 94.1 and 84.7%, 88.2 and 73.5%, 93.8%, 94.1, and 78.4%, respectively. A total dose of 6600–7000 cGy was prescribed to the tumor. Levels Ⅰb, Ⅶa, Ⅷ, and Ⅸ were covered with the clinical target volume regardless of lymph involvement. Acute Grade 3 radiation dermatitis occurred in seven patients (17.6%), but no acute Grade 4 or Grade 5 toxicity of any type occurred. Seven (41.2%, 7/17) of the treated eyes had moderated vision impairments; 17.6% (3/17) of patients developed cataracts, and glaucoma and radiation retinopathy were found in 5.9% (1/17) of patients. Conclusions: Definitive radiotherapy could be a treatment option for those who refuse surgery or have unresectable LSSCC. Advances in knowledge: Radiation alone is a treatment option for LSSCC.