bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In Situ Nitrogen‐Doping Carbon Aerogel as an Effective Sulfur Host to Immobilize Polysulfides for High Performance Lithium‐Sulfur Battery
Authors: Ye Jinjin , Li Xueliang , Gao Wei , Zhu Yunyun , Cheng Sheng 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn‐situ high content N‐doping carbon aerogel (NCA) is successfully prepared via low‐cost m‐phenylenediamine and formaldehyde reaction through the facile sol‐gel method and further high‐temperature carbonization process. NCA material with nanospheres presents the characteristics of large specific surface area and high loading sulfur owing to the specific cross‐linked framework structure. In addition, the NCA/S cathode with high content of nitrogen can achieve strong adsorption to lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) due to its inherent N active sites, and presents outstanding electrochemical performance. In details, the designed NCA/S electrode demonstrates the first discharge capacity of 1247 mAh g−1 at 0.2 C. Moreover, the NCA/S battery also displays excellent electrochemical stability with low capacity attenuation rate of 0.083 % per cycle within 300 cycles at 0.5 C. The remarkable electrochemical properties are mainly ascribed to intense adsorption of evenly‐distributed nitrogen in the carbon material, effectively preventing polysulfide (PS) escaping from host material, restraining shuttle effect and increasing sulfur utilization.
Proofs of Data Reliability: Verification of reliable data storage with automatic maintenance†
Authors: Vasilopoulos Dimitrios , Önen Melek , Molva Refik , Elkhiyaoui Kaoutar 
Published: December 2020

AbstractProofs of Data Reliability are cryptographic protocols that provide assurance to a user that a cloud storage system correctly stores her data and has provisioned sufficient redundancy to be able to guarantee reliable storage service. In this paper, we consider distributed cloud storage systems that make use of erasure codes to guarantee data reliability. We propose two novel Proof of Data Reliability schemes, namely POROS and PORTOS, that on the one hand guarantees the retrieval of the outsourced data in their entirety through the use of proofs of data possession and on the other hand ensures the actual storage of redundancy. As a result, POROS and PORTOS are compatible with the current cloud computing model where the cloud autonomously performs all maintenance operations without any interaction with the user. Moreover, POROS and PORTOS delegate the burden of generating the redundancy to the cloud as well. The security of both solutions is proved in the face of a rational adversary whereby the cheating cloud provider tries to gain storage savings without increasing its total operational cost.
Effect of Cultivar Difference and Root Growth Stage on the Thermal, Rheological, and In Vitro Digestibility Properties of Cassava Starch
Authors: Gourilekshmi Subrahmanyan S. , Jyothi Alummoottil N. , Sreekumar Janardanan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe gelatinization, rheological, and in vitro digestibility properties of cassava starch isolated from the roots of five diverse cassava cultivars at different growth stages are studied. The thermal, rheological, and pasting properties of the starch vary significantly with the cultivar and the root growth stage. The onset gelatinization temperature (To) is significantly lower for the triploid starch of the cultivar, Sree Athulya; while the starch of the early maturing variety, Vellayani Hraswa has higher To. The popular normal duration edible variety, Malayan‐4 shows comparatively lower viscosity breakdown among the starches indicating its higher stability toward shear stress and temperature. All the starch gels exhibit weak gel properties. The resistant starch content of the starches shows no significant variation with the cultivar, ploidy level, and the growth stage of the crop. However, the slowly digestible starch content is lower for the edible cultivars. The cultivar type, its ploidy level, and root maturity have significant effect on the pasting, rheological, and in vitro digestibility properties of cassava starch. The results of this study help to identify the cultivar type and harvest stage for isolating starch to suit specific applications in food and other industries.
Seismic performance enhancement of buildings using multi‐limb brace damper systems
Authors: Feng Huan , Zhou Fangyuan , Ge Hanbin , Zhu Hongping , Zhou Lemu 
Published: December 2020

SummaryA novel brace system with a displacement amplification mechanism for damper energy dissipation is proposed in this paper. Theoretical mechanism of the multi‐limb brace damper system (MLBDS) is established. Finite element models are established to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed system. The seismic performance of the MLBDS is compared with those of traditional brace damper systems. Comparison results show that MLBDS has an excellent energy dissipation performance. In addition, the dynamic responses of a high‐rise building with the MLBDS installed to seismic excitations are evaluated. The results show that the MLBDS can significantly reduce the dynamic responses of the high‐rise building under strong earthquakes.
Superconformal RG interfaces in holography
Authors: Arav Igal , Cheung K. C. Matthew , Gauntlett Jerome P. , Roberts Matthew M. , Rosen Christopher 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe construct gravitational solutions that holographically describe two differentd= 4 SCFTs joined together at a co-dimension one, planar RG interface and preservingd= 3 superconformal symmetry. The RG interface joins$$ \mathcal{N} $$N= 4 SYM theory on one side with the$$ \mathcal{N} $$N= 1 Leigh-Strassler SCFT on the other. We construct a family of such solutions, which in general are associated with spatially dependent mass deformations on the$$ \mathcal{N} $$N= 4 SYM side, but there is a particular solution for which these deformations vanish. We also construct a Janus solution with the Leigh-Strassler SCFT on either side of the interface. Gravitational solutions associated with superconformal interfaces involving ABJM theory and twod= 3$$ \mathcal{N} $$N= 1 SCFTs withG2symmetry are also discussed and shown to have similar properties, but they also exhibit some new features.
Gauged sigma-models with nonclosed 3-form and twisted Jacobi structures
Authors: Chatzistavrakidis Athanasios , Šimunić Grgur 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We study aspects of two-dimensional nonlinear sigma models with Wess-Zumino term corresponding to a nonclosed 3-form, which may arise upon dimensional reduction in the target space. Our goal in this paper is twofold. In a first part, we investigate the conditions for consistent gauging of sigma models in the presence of a nonclosed 3-form. In the Abelian case, we find that the target of the gauged theory has the structure of a contact Courant algebroid, twisted by a 3-form and two 2-forms. Gauge invariance constrains the theory to (small) Dirac structures of the contact Courant algebroid. In the non-Abelian case, we draw a similar parallel between the gauged sigma model and certain transitive Courant algebroids and their corresponding Dirac structures. In the second part of the paper, we study two-dimensional sigma models related to Jacobi structures. The latter generalise Poisson and contact geometry in the presence of an additional vector field. We demonstrate that one can construct a sigma model whose gauge symmetry is controlled by a Jacobi structure, and moreover we twist the model by a 3-form. This construction is then the analogue of WZW-Poisson structures for Jacobi manifolds.
Riemann-Hilbert correspondence and blown up surface defects
Authors: Jeong Saebyeok , Nekrasov Nikita 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The relationship of two dimensional quantum field theory and isomonodromic deformations of Fuchsian systems has a long history. Recently four-dimensional N = 2 gauge theories joined the party in a multitude of roles. In this paper we study the vacuum expectation values of intersecting half-BPS surface defects in SU(2) theory with Nf = 4 fundamental hypermultiplets. We show they form a horizontal section of a Fuchsian system on a sphere with 5 regular singularities, calculate the monodromy, and define the associated isomonodromic tau-function. Using the blowup formula in the presence of half-BPS surface defects, initiated in the companion paper, we obtain the GIL formula, establishing an unexpected relation of the topological string/free fermion regime of supersymmetric gauge theory to classical integrability.
The large-N partition function for non-parity-invariant Chern-Simons-matter theories
Authors: Liu James T. , Zhang Xiuyuan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We extend the Fermi gas approach to a class of ABJM-like necklace quiver theories without parity invariance. The resulting partition function on S3 retains the form of an Airy function, but now includes a phase that scales as Nk in the large-N limit where k is an overall Chern-Simons level. We demonstrate the presence of this phase both analytically and numerically in the case of a three node quiver.
Moduli spaces of Calabi-Yau d-folds as gravitational-chiral instantons
Authors: Cecotti Sergio 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Motivated by the swampland program, we show that the Weil-Petersson geometry of the moduli space of a Calabi-Yau manifold of complex dimension d ≤ 4 is a gravitational instanton (i.e. a finite-action solution of the Euclidean equations of motion of gravity with matter). More precisely, the moduli geometry of Calabi-Yau d-folds (d ≤ 4) describes instantons of (E)AdS Einstein gravity coupled to a standard chiral model.From the point of view of the low-energy physics of string/M-theory compactified on the Calabi-Yau X, the various fields propagating on its moduli space are the couplings appearing in the effective Lagrangian "Image missing".
General scalar renormalisation group equations at three-loop order
Authors: Steudtner Tom 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
For arbitrary scalar QFTs in four dimensions, renormalisation group equations of quartic and cubic interactions, mass terms, as well as field anomalous dimensions are computed at three-loop order in the $$ \overline{\mathrm{MS}} $$

MS
¯

scheme. Utilising pre-existing literature expressions for a specific model, loop integrals are avoided and templates for general theories are obtained. We reiterate known four-loop expressions, and from those derive β functions for scalar masses and cubic interactions. As an example, the results are applied to compute all renormalisation group equations in U(n) × U(n) scalar theories.
Examining instabilities due to driven scalars in AdS
Authors: Cownden Brad 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We extend the study of the non-linear perturbative theory of weakly turbulent energy cascades in AdSd+1 to include solutions of driven systems, i.e. those with time-dependent sources on the AdS boundary. This necessitates the activation of non-normalizable modes in the linear solution for the massive bulk scalar field, which couple to the metric and normalizable scalar modes. We determine analytic expressions for secular terms in the renormalization flow equations mass values $$ {m}_{BF}^2<{m}^2\le 0 $$

m
BF
2

<

m
2

≤
0
, and for various driving functions. Finally, we numerically evaluate these sources for d = 4 and discuss what role these driven solutions play in the perturbative stability of AdS.
Nothing is certain in string compactifications
Authors: Etxebarria Iñaki García , Montero Miguel , Sousa Kepa , Valenzuela Irene 
Published: December 2020

AbstractA bubble of nothing is a spacetime instability where a compact dimension collapses. After nucleation, it expands at the speed of light, leaving “nothing” behind. We argue that the topological and dynamical mechanisms which could protect a compactification against decay to nothing seem to be absent in string compactifications once supersymmetry is broken. The topological obstruction lies in a bordism group and, surprisingly, it can disappear even for a SUSY-compatible spin structure. As a proof of principle, we construct an explicit bubble of nothing for aT3with completely periodic (SUSY-compatible) spin structure in an Einstein dilaton Gauss-Bonnet theory, which arises in the low-energy limit of certain heterotic and type II flux compactifications. Without the topological protection, supersymmetric compactifications are purely stabilized by a Coleman-deLuccia mechanism, which relies on a certain local energy condition. This is violated in our example by the nonsupersymmetric GB term. In the presence of fluxes this energy condition gets modified and its violation might be related to the Weak Gravity Conjecture.We expect that our techniques can be used to construct a plethora of new bubbles of nothing in any setup where the low-energy bordism group vanishes, including type II compactifications onCY3, AdS flux compactifications on 5-manifolds, and M-theory on 7-manifolds. This lends further evidence to the conjecture that any non-supersymmetric vacuum of quantum gravity is ultimately unstable.
Electroweak corrections in a pseudo Nambu-Goldstone Dark Matter model revisited
Authors: Glaus Seraina , Mühlleitner Margarete , Müller Jonas , Patel Shruti , Römer Tizian , Santos Rui 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Having so far only indirect evidence for the existence of Dark Matter a plethora of experiments aims at direct detection of Dark Matter through the scattering of Dark Matter particles off atomic nuclei. For the correct interpretation and identification of the underlying nature of the Dark Matter constituents higher-order corrections to the cross section of Dark Matter-nucleon scattering are important, in particular in models where the tree-level cross section is negligibly small. In this work we revisit the electroweak corrections to the dark matter-nucleon scattering cross section in a model with a pseudo Nambu-Goldstone boson as the Dark Matter candidate. Two calculations that already exist in the literature, apply different approaches resulting in different final results for the cross section in some regions of the parameter space leading us to redo the calculation and analyse the two approaches to clarify the situation. We furthermore update the experimental constraints and examine the regions of the parameter space where the cross section is above the neutrino floor but which can only be probed in the far future.
Null reductions of the M5-brane
Authors: Lambert Neil , Orchard Tristan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We perform a general reduction of an M5-brane on a spacetime that admits a null Killing vector, including couplings to background 4-form fluxes and possible twisting of the normal bundle. We give the non-abelian extension of this action and present its supersymmetry transformations. The result is a class of supersymmetric non-Lorentzian gauge theories in 4+1 dimensions, which depend on the geometry of the six-dimensional spacetime. These can be used for DLCQ constructions of M5-branes reduced on various manifolds.
Pair production and gravity as the weakest force
Authors: Gonzalo Eduardo , Ibáñez Luis E. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe Weak Gravity Conjecture (WGC) is usually formulated in terms of the stability of extremal black-holes or in terms of long distance Coulomb/Newton potentials. However one can think of other physical processes to compare the relative strength of gravity versus other forces. We argue for an alternative formulation in terms of particle pair production at threshold or, equivalently, pair annihilation at rest. Imposing that the production rate by any force mediator (photon or scalar) of pairs of charged particles be larger or equal to graviton production, we recover known conditions for the U(1) WGC and its extensions. Unlike other formulations though, threshold pair production is sensitive to short range couplings present in scalar interactions and gives rise to a Scalar WGC. Application to moduli scalars gives rise to specific conditions on the trilinear and quartic couplings which involve first and second derivatives of the WGC particle mass with respect to the moduli. Some solutions saturating equations correspond to massive states behaving like BPS, KK and winding states which feature duality invariance and are in agreement with the Swampland distance conjecture. Conditions forN= 2 BPS states saturate our bounds and we discuss specific examples of BPS states which become massless at large Kahler moduli in Type IIA N=2, D=4 CY and orbifold compactifications. We study possible implications for potentials depending on moduli only through WGC massive states. For some simple classes of potentials one recovers constraints somewhat similar but not equivalent to a Swampland dS conjecture.
Soft de Sitter Effective Theory
Authors: Cohen Timothy , Green Daniel 
Published: December 2020

AbstractCalculating the quantum evolution of a de Sitter universe on superhorizon scales is notoriously difficult. To address this challenge, we introduce the Soft de Sitter Effective Theory (SdSET). This framework holds for superhorizon modes whose comoving momentum is far below the UV scale, which is set by the inverse comoving horizon. The SdSET is formulated using the same approach that yields the Heavy Quark Effective Theory. The degrees of freedom that capture the long wavelength dynamics are identified with the growing and decaying solutions to the equations of motion. The operator expansion is organized using a power counting scheme, and loops can be regulated while respecting the low energy symmetries. For massive quantum fields in a fixed de Sitter background, power counting implies that all interactions beyond the horizon are irrelevant. Alternatively, if the fields are very light, the leading interactions are at most marginal, and resumming the associated logarithms using (dynamical) renormalization group techniques yields the evolution equation for canonical stochastic inflation. The SdSET is also applicable to models where gravity is dynamical, including inflation. In this case, diffeomorphism invariance ensures that all interactions are irrelevant, trivially implying the all-orders conservation of adiabatic density fluctuations and gravitational waves. We briefly touch on the application to slow-roll eternal inflation by identifying novel relevant operators. This work serves to demystify many aspects of perturbation theory outside the horizon, and has a variety of applications to problems of cosmological interest.
The twisted story of worldsheet scattering in η-deformed AdS5 × S5
Authors: Seibold Fiona K. , van Tongeren Stijn J. , Zimmermann Yannik 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We study the worldsheet scattering theory of the η deformation of the AdS5 × S5 superstring corresponding to the purely fermionic Dynkin diagram. This theory is a Weyl-invariant integrable deformation of the AdS5 × S5 superstring, with trigonometric quantum-deformed symmetry. We compute the two-body worldsheet S matrix of this string in the light-cone gauge at tree level to quadratic order in fermions. The result factorizes into two elementary blocks, and solves the classical Yang-Baxter equation. We also determine the corresponding exact factorized S matrix, and show that its perturbative expansion matches our tree-level results, once we correctly identify the deformed light-cone symmetry algebra of the string. Finally, we briefly revisit the computation of the corresponding S matrix for the η deformation based on the distinguished Dynkin diagram, finding a tree-level S matrix that factorizes and solves the classical Yang-Baxter equation, in contrast to previous results.
Electroweak baryogenesis and gravitational waves in a composite Higgs model with high dimensional fermion representations
Authors: Xie Ke-Pan , Bian Ligong , Wu Yongcheng 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe study electroweak baryogenesis in the SO(6)/SO(5) composite Higgs model with the third generation quarks being embedded in the20′representation of SO(6). The scalar sector contains one Higgs doublet and one real singlet, and their potential is given by the Coleman-Weinberg potential evaluated from the form factors of the lightest vector and fermion resonances. We show that the resonance masses at$$ \mathcal{O}\left(1\sim 10\kern0.5em \mathrm{TeV}\right) $$O1∼10TeVcan generate a potential that triggers the strong first-order electroweak phase transition (SFOEWPT). TheCPviolating phase arising from the dimension-6 operator in the top sector is sufficient to yield the observed baryon asymmetry of the universe. The SFOEWPT parameter space is detectable at the future space-based detectors.
Applications of alpha space
Authors: Rutter Daniel , van Rees Balt C. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We extend the definition of ‘alpha space’ as introduced in [1] to two spacetime dimensions. We discuss how this can be used to find conformal block decompositions of known functions and how to easily recover several lightcone bootstrap results. In the second part of the paper we establish a connection between alpha space and the Lorentzian inversion formula of [2].
Low scale U(1)X gauge symmetry as an origin of dark matter, neutrino mass and flavour anomalies
Authors: Borah Debasish , Mukherjee Lopamudra , Nandi Soumitra 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We study a generic leptophilic U(1)X extension of the standard model with a light gauge boson. The U(1)X charge assignments for the leptons are guided by lepton universality violating (LUV) observables in semileptonic b → sℓℓ decays, muon anomalous magnetic moment and the origin of leptonic masses and mixing. Anomaly cancellation conditions require the addition of new chiral fermions in the model, one of which acts as a dark matter (DM) candidate when it is stabilised by an additional $$ {\mathcal{Z}}_2 $$

Z
2

symmetry. From our analysis, we show two different possible models with similar particle content that lead to quite contrasting neutrino mass origin and other phenomenology. The proposed models also have the potential to address the anomalous results in b → cℓνℓ decays like R(D), R(D∗), electron anomalous magnetic moment and the very recent KOTO anomaly in the kaon sector. We also discuss different possible collider signatures of our models which can be tested in future.
Comparative metabolomics analysis reveals the variations of eating quality among three high-quality rice cultivars
Authors: Gong Rong , Huang Daoqiang , Chen Yibo , Li Hong , Wang Zhidong , Zhou Degui , Zhao Lei , Pan Yangyang , Chang Yuxiao , Xiang Yong , Wang Chongrong , Zhou Shaochuan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractGood eating quality is a highly desirable trait of rice which determines its commercial value and market share. However, the molecular basis of this trait remains largely unknown. Here, three high-quality conventional rice cultivars, including two superior eating quality cultivars Meixiangzhan-2 (MXZ) and Xiangyaxiangzhan (XYXZ), and one ordinary eating quality cultivar Huanghuazhan (HHZ), were analyzed by comparative metabolomics to identify the inherent mechanism for the formation of superior eating quality. The results showed 58.8% of common differential substances between MXZ vs HHZ and XYXZ vs HHZ were enriched in MXZ and XYXZ, whereas 39.2% of them were prominently decreased compared with HHZ, mainly including amino acids, carbohydrates, lipids, phenolamides, and flavonoids, which may be the primary factors leading to the differences of taste and flavor among these three cultivars. We also found that lysine derivatives and fatty acids may have a close relationship with taste. These results above provide important insights into the taste-forming mechanism of rice and will be beneficial for superior eating quality rice breeding.