bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transcriptional identification of differentially expressed genes associated with division of labor in Apis cerana cerana
Authors: Chen Yi‐Jie , Li Ying‐Jiao , Wu Shuang , Yang Wen‐Chao , Miao Jing , Gu Shao‐Hua , Li Jiang‐Hong , Miao Xiao‐Qing , Li Xianchun 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWorkers of Apis cerana cerana undergo an in‐hive nursing to outdoor foraging transition, but the genes underlying this age‐related transition remain largely unknown. Here, we sequenced the head transcriptomes of its 7‐day‐old normal nurses, 18‐ and 22‐day‐old normal foragers, 7‐day‐old precocious foragers and 22‐day‐old over‐aged nurses to unravel the genes associated with this transition. Mapping of the sequence reads to Apis mellifera genome showed that the three types of foragers had a greater percentage of reads from annotated exons and intergenic regions, whereas the two types of nurses had a greater percentage of reads from introns. Pair‐ and group‐wise comparisons of the five transcriptomes revealed 59 uniquely expressed genes (18 in nurses and 41 in foragers) and 14 nurse‐ and 15 forager‐upregulated genes. The uniquely expressed genes are usually low‐abundance long noncoding RNAs, transcription factors, transcription coactivators, RNA‐binding proteins, kinases or phosphatases that are involved in signaling and/or regulation, whereas the nurse‐ or forager‐upregulated genes are often high‐abundance downstream genes that directly perform the tasks of nurses or foragers. Taken together, these results suggest that the nurse‐forager transition is coordinated by a social signal‐triggered epigenetic shift from introns to exons/intergenic regions and the resulting transcriptional shift between the nurse‐ and forager‐associated genes.
Alcohol use disorders and the brain
Authors: Rao Rahul , Topiwala Anya 
Published: February 2020

AbstractA diagnosis of alcohol use disorder is associated with a higher risk of dementia, but a dose–response relationship between alcohol intake consumption and cognitive impairment remains unclear. Alcohol is associated with a range of effects on the central nervous system at different doses and acts on a number of receptors. Acute disorders include Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE), traumatic brain injury, blackouts, seizures, stroke and hepatic encephalopathy. The most common manifestations of chronic alcohol consumption are Korsakoff's syndrome (KS) and alcohol‐related dementia (ARD). There is limited evidence for benefit from memantine in the treatment of ARD, but stronger evidence for the use of high‐dose parenteral thiamine in the progression of neuropsychiatric symptoms for WE.Accumulating evidence exists for pharmacological treatment in the prevention of hepatic encephalopathy. Rehabilitation of people with ARD may take several years, and requires an approach that addresses physical and psychosocial factors.
Distinct ecosystem types respond differentially to grazing exclosure
Authors: Gallego Federico , Paruelo José M. , Baeza Santiago , Altesor Alice 
Published: February 2020

AbstractHere, we evaluate the ecosystem functioning and the ecosystems services supply of different vegetation types (grasslands, shrublands and woodlands) under contrasting management regimes by comparing a protected area with the surrounding landscape, which has been subjected to human disturbance in the Eastern Hills of Uruguay. We propose, based on functional attributes and vegetation physiognomy, a State and Transition Model for the dynamics of the grassland–woodland mosaic. We used remote sensing techniques to: (i) develop a land‐cover map of the study area based on supervised Landsat imagery classification, and (ii) compare attributes of the ecosystem functioning (productivity and seasonality) and service supply derived from the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) images provided by the moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) sensor. The land‐cover map showed that grasslands and shrublands were the most extensive land covers in the study area. These vegetation types presented higher productivity, seasonality and ecosystem service supply, outside the protected area than inside it. On the other hand, woodlands showed higher productivity, ecosystem service supply and lower seasonality inside the protected area than outside of it. Two axes represented the grassland–woodland mosaic dynamic: (i) the mean annual and (ii) the intra‐annual coefficient of variation of the NDVI. Our results highlight that conservation of grasslands, shrublands and woodlands require different management strategies based on particular disturbance regimes like moderate grazing and controlled burns. Moderate disturbances may help to preserve ecosystem services provisioning in grasslands and shrublands. On the contrary, woodland conservation requires a more rigorous regime of protection against disturbances.
Concrete Stories in Southern Europe: Financialisation and Inequality in the Construction Chain
Authors: Vetta Theodora , Palomera Jaime 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis article seeks to tackle less researched areas of financialisation, namely class relations within the sphere of production. We ethnographically explore the trajectories of two small construction family‐firms in Greece and Spain, traditionally perceived as the backbone of the Mediterranean economy but also lying at the very heart of the last financial bubble. Looking at the boom and bust of such ventures, we argue that the penetration of credit in this particular production structure, built through subcontracting chains, has reproduced and intensified deep inequalities: privileged position regarding financing enabled profit to be channelled upwards whereas risk and exploitation was transferred downwards. At the same time, rent‐making or rent‐extraction practices have become pervasive not only in the circulation and consumption spheres but also inside production.
Enlarged cardiophrenic lymph nodes predict disease involvement of the upper abdomen and the outcome of primary surgical debulking in advanced ovarian cancer
Authors: Luger Anna K. , Steinkohl Fabian , Aigner Friedrich , Jaschke Werner , Marth Christian , Zeimet Alain G. , Reimer Daniel 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIntroductionThe outcome of ovarian cancer patients is highly dependent on the success of primary debulking surgery in terms of postoperative residual disease. This study critically evaluates the clinical impact of preoperative radiologic assessment of the cardiophrenic lymph node (CPLN) status in advanced ovarian cancer.Material and methodsBaseline CT scans of 178 stage III and IV ovarian cancer patients were retrospectively reviewed by two independent radiologists. CPLN enlargement defined at a short‐axis ≥5 mm was evaluated for its prognostic value and predictive power of upper abdominal tumor involvement and the chance of complete intra‐abdominal tumor resection at primary debulking surgery. Only patients without surgically removed CPLN were eligible for this study.ResultsEnlarged CPLNs were detected in 50% of patients and correlated with radiologically suspicious (P = .028) and histologically confirmed (P = .001) paraaortic lymph node metastases. CPLNs ≥ 5 mm were associated with high CA‐125 levels at baseline and revealed independent prognostic relevance for progression‐free survival (hazard ratio [HR] 2.14, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.33‐3.42) and overall survival (HR 2.18, 95% CI 1.16‐4.08). Noteworthy, patients with enlarged CPLNs nonetheless benefit from complete intra‐abdominal tumor debulking in terms of an improvement in progression‐free survival (HR 0.60, 95% CI 0.38‐0.94) and overall survival (HR 0.59, 95% CI 0.35‐0.82). Enlarged CPLNs correctly predicted carcinomatosis of the upper abdomen in 94.6%. A predictive score of complete tumor debulking, termed CD‐score, which integrates, beside a CPLN short axis <5 mm, an ascites volume <500 mL, and CA‐125 levels <500 U/mL at baseline, correctly predicted complete intra‐abdominal debulking in 100% of patients.ConclusionsCPLNs ≥5 mm predict upper abdominal tumor involvement. The application of the CD‐score predicted complete macroscopic tumor resection at primary surgery in all of the patients. Although, CPLN pathology suggests extra‐abdominal disease, we consistently demonstrated that patients nonetheless benefit from complete intra‐abdominal tumor resection.
Surgical outcomes and learning curve of totally intracorporeal ileal conduit urinary diversion following laparoscopic radical cystectomy at a single institution
Authors: Kubota Masashi , Kokubun Hidetoshi , Yamaguchi Ritsuki , Murata Shiori , Makita Noriyuki , Suzuki Issei , Suzuki Ryosuke , Abe Yohei , Tohi Yoichiro , Tsutsumi Naofumi , Sugino Yoshio , Inoue Koji , Kawakita Mutsushi 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIntroductionConstant evaluation of the outcomes of laparoscopic intracorporeal urinary diversion is not yet established. This study aimed to describe surgical outcomes and learning curve of intracorporeal ileal conduit (ICIC) following laparoscopic radical cystectomy (LRC) at a single institution.MethodsFrom June 2012 to February 2018, 38 patients with bladder cancer underwent LRC with ileal conduit at our institution. Surgical outcomes were compared between ICIC (n = 30) and extracorporeal ileal conduit (ECIC) (n = 8). The learning curve during ICIC with regard to the operative time and complication rate was compared.ResultsNo significant differences in patient characteristics between the ICIC and ECIC groups were found. Comparison of outcomes between the ICIC and ECIC groups were as follows: median total operative time, 688 vs 713 minutes; urinary diversion time, 213 vs 192 minutes; and estimated blood loss, 450 vs 420 mL, respectively. The median time to walking and oral intake were similar in both groups. Rates of high‐grade complications associated with urinary diversion (Clavien‐Dindo grade ≥ III) were 3% in ICIC and 25% in ECIC. Although 25% of ECIC patients developed wound dehiscence (Clavien‐Dindo grade IIIb), no patient in the ICIC group had postoperative wound infection. For the learning curve of ICIC (n = 30), urinary diversion time decreased significantly (27 minutes decrease per 10 cases, P = .02). Clavien‐Dindo grade ≥ II complication did not occur after 20 cases.ConclusionsLRC with ICIC could be performed safely with low incidence of severe wound infection compared with ECIC. The incidence and severity of complications also decreased with time.
Antitumor activity of a novel oral signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 inhibitor YHO‐1701
Authors: Nishisaka Fukiko , Taniguchi Keisuke , Tsugane Momomi , Hirata Genya , Takagi Akimitsu , Asakawa Naoyuki , Kurita Akinobu , Takahashi Hiroyuki , Ogo Naohisa , Shishido Yoshiyuki , Asai Akira 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway is a key mediator of cancer cell proliferation, survival and invasion. Aberrant STAT3 has been demonstrated in various malignant cancers. YHO‐1701 is a novel quinolinecarboxamide derivative generated from STX‐0119. Here, we examined the effect of YHO‐1701 on STAT3 and evaluated antitumor activity of YHO‐1701 as a single agent and in combination. YHO‐1701 inhibited STAT3‐SH2 binding to phospho‐Tyr peptide selectively and more potently than STX‐0119 in biochemical assays. Molecular docking studies with STAT3 suggested more stable interaction of YHO‐1701 with the SH2 domain. YHO‐1701 exhibited approximately 10‐fold stronger activity than STX‐0119 in abrogating the STAT3 signaling pathway of human oral cancer cell line SAS. YHO‐1701 also blocked multi‐step events by inhibiting STAT3 dimerization and suppressed STAT3 promoter activity. As expected, YHO‐1701 exerted strong antiproliferative activity against human cancer cell lines addicted to STAT3 signaling. Orally administered YHO‐1701 showed statistically significant antitumor effects with long exposure to high levels of YHO‐1701 at tumor sites in SAS xenograft models. Moreover, combination regimen with sorafenib led to significantly stronger antitumor activity. In addition, the suppression level of survivin (a downstream target) was superior for the combination as compared with monotherapy groups within tumor tissues. Thus, YHO‐1701 had a favorable specificity for STAT3 and pharmacokinetics after oral treatment; it also contributed to the enhanced antitumor activity of sorafenib. The evidence presented here provides justification using for this approach in future clinical settings.
DNA methylation changes in cystic fibrosis: Cause or consequence?
Authors: Scott Madeleine , De Sario Albertina 
Published: February 2020

AbstractTwin and sibling studies have shown that lung disease severity is variable among cystic fibrosis (CF) patients and affected to the same extent by genetic and nonheritable factors. Genetic factors have been thoroughly assessed, whereas the molecular mechanisms whereby nonheritable factors contribute to the phenotypic variability of CF patients are still unknown. Epigenetic modifications may represent the missing link between nonheritable factors and phenotypic variation in CF. Herein, we review recent studies showing that DNA methylation is altered in CF and we address three possible factors responsible for these variations: (i) overproduction of reactive oxygen species, (ii) depletion of DNA methylation cofactors and (iii) susceptibility to acute and chronic bacterial infections. Also, we hypothesize that the unique DNA methylation profile of each patient can modulate the phenotype and discuss the interest of implementing integrated genomic, epigenomic and transcriptomic studies to further understand the clinical diversity of CF patients (Graphical Abstract).
Exploring the Effects of Aggregation Choices on Untrained Visualization Users' Generalizations From Data
Authors: Nguyen F. , Qiao X. , Heer J. , Hullman J. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractVisualization system designers must decide whether and how to aggregate data by default. Aggregating distributional information in a single summary mark like a mean or sum simplifies interpretation, but may lead untrained users to overlook distributional features. We ask, How are the conclusions drawn by untrained visualization users affected by aggregation strategy? We present two controlled experiments comparing generalizations of a population that untrained users made from visualizations that summarized either a 1000 record or 50 record sample with either single mean summary mark, a disaggregated view with one mark per observation or a view overlaying a mean summary mark atop a disaggregated view. While we observe no reliable effect of aggregation strategy on generalization accuracy at either sample size, users of purely disaggregated views were slightly less confident in their generalizations on average than users whose views show a single mean summary mark, and less likely to engage in dichotomous thinking about effects as either present or absent. Comparing results from 1000 record to 50 record data set, we see a considerably larger decrease in the number of generalizations produced and reported confidence in generalizations among viewers who saw disaggregated data relative to those who saw only mean summary marks.
Curve Skeleton Extraction From 3D Point Clouds Through Hybrid Feature Point Shifting and Clustering
Authors: Hu Hailong , Li Zhong , Jin Xiaogang , Deng Zhigang , Chen Minhong , Shen Yi 
Published: February 2020

AbstractCurve skeleton is an important shape descriptor with many potential applications in computer graphics, visualization and machine intelligence. We present a curve skeleton expression based on the set of the cross‐section centroids from a point cloud model and propose a corresponding extraction approach. We first provide the substitution of a distance field for a 3D point cloud model, and then combine it with curvatures to capture hybrid feature points. By introducing relevant facets and points, we shift these hybrid feature points along the skeleton‐guided normal directions to approach local centroids, simplify them through a tensor‐based spectral clustering and finally connect them to form a primary connected curve skeleton. Furthermore, we refine the primary skeleton through pruning, trimming and smoothing. We compared our results with several state‐of‐the‐art algorithms including the rotational symmetry axis (ROSA) and L1‐medial methods for incomplete point cloud data to evaluate the effectiveness and accuracy of our method.
Can patch testing with methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone be optimized using a new diagnostic mix? – A multicenter study from the Swedish Contact Dermatitis Research Group
Authors: Engfeldt Malin , Isaksson Marléne , Bråred‐Christensson Johanna , Hagvall Lina , Matura Mihály , Ryberg Kristina , Stenberg Berndt , Svedman Cecilia , Bruze Magnus 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundMethylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone (MCI/MI) and methylisothiazolinone (MI) are tested to detect contact allergy to these isothiazolinones.ObjectivesTo study if an aqueous patch test preparation with MCI and MI in a mix of 0.015% and 0.2%, respectively, detects more contact allergies than the commonly used preparations of MCI/MI in 0.02% aq. and MI in 0.2% aq.MethodsA total of 1555 patients with dermatitis in five Swedish dermatology departments were tested consecutively with MCI/MI 0.215% aq., MCI/MI 0.02% aq., and MI 0.2% aq.ResultsThe share of contact allergy to MCI/MI 0.215% aq., MCI/MI 0.02% aq., and MI 0.2% aq. varied in the test centers between 7.9% and 25.9%, 3.2% and 10.3%, and 5.8% and 12.3%, respectively. MCI/MI 0.215% aq. detected significantly more patch‐test positive individuals than both MCI/MI 0.02% aq. (P < .001) and MI 0.2% aq. (P < .001), as well as either one of MCI/MI and MI (P < .001). In the patients only reacting to MCI/MI 0.215% aq., 57.7% were recorded as having a dermatitis that was explained or aggravated by exposure to either MCI/MI or MI.ConclusionThe results speak in favor of replacing the preparations MCI/MI 0.02% aq. and MI 0.2% aq. with MCI/MI 0.215% aq. as the screening substance in the Swedish baseline series, which has been implemented in 2020.
The relationship between obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and obesity: A new perspective on the pathogenesis in terms of organ crosstalk
Authors: Kuvat Nuray , Tanriverdi Hakan , Armutcu Ferah 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIntroductionObstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a common disorder that has a major impact on public health. The connection between OSAS and obesity is very complex and likely represents an interaction between biological and lifestyle factors. Oxidative stress, inflammation and metabolic dysregulation are both actors involved in the pathogenesis of OSAS and obesity. Also, the current evidence suggests that gut microbiota plays a significant role in the emergence and progression of some metabolic disorders. When the relationship between OSAS and obesity is evaluated extensively, it is understood that they show mutual causality with each other, and that metabolic challenges such as impaired microbiota affect this bidirectional organ interaction, and by ensuing organ injury.ObjectivesThe aim of this study is to investigate the association between OSAS and obesity, and the effect of “organ crosstalk” on the pathogenesis of the relationship and to contribute to the diagnosis and treatment options in the light of current data.Data SourceWe performed an electronic database search including PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science. We used the following search terms: OSAS, obesity, inflammation, metabolic dysregulation and gut microbiota.ConclusionObesity and OSAS adversely affect many organs and systems. Besides the factors affecting the diagnosis of the OSAS‐obesity relationship, mutual organ interactions among the respiratory system, adipose tissue and intestines should not be ignored for prevention and treatment of OSAS and obesity. Comprehensive clinical trials addressing the efficacy and efficiency of current or potential treatments on therapeutic applications in the OSAS‐obesity relationship are needed.
Beyond Happy‐or‐Not: Using Emoji to Capture Visitors’ Emotional Experience
Authors: De Angeli Daniela , Kelly Ryan M. , O’Neill Eamonn 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMuseums are emotionally driven sites. People visit museums to feel and their emotions influence how the museum and its artefacts are perceived. Thus, evaluating emotional states are increasingly important for museums. However, evaluating visitors’ experiences is increasingly challenging, especially with the introduction of new and emerging technology. Moreover, people’s behaviour is not strictly objective and rational. While emotional states are subjective and hard to verbalize or observe, emoji are often used to express emotions on mobile and smartphone messaging applications. In this paper we investigate whether emoji can capture emotional states elicited by museum experiences, supporting traditional methods such as interviews. While other non‐verbal self‐report methods have been used to evaluate emotions, this is the first tool of this kind designed specifically to measure emotions elicited by museum experiences. We designed a set of 9 emoji illustrating a variety of emotional states beyond happy‐or‐not. Then, we confirmed that participants understood our emoji’s intended concept using a word association task. Finally, we used our 9 emoji to evaluate an interactive museum experience. We also run interviews and we investigated the correspondence between participants’ comments and the emoji they chose. Through this study we gained a better understanding of how the emoji can be deployed to capture a range of visitors’ emotional experiences. Our findings suggest that emoji can capture which emotional states participants felt beyond the happy‐or‐not dichotomy, but that they should be complemented with traditional methods such as interviews to understand why specific emotions were felt.
Venous flow patterns after percutaneous atrial septal defect closure: Does the mechanical device decrease right atrial compliance?
Authors: Poonia Amitabh , Giridhara Priya , Sivasubramonian Sivasankaran , Krishnamoorthy Kavassery M. , Abhilash Sreevilasam P. , Ajitkumar Valaparambil K. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIntroductionSystemic venous flow patterns become abnormal and restrictive after surgical closure of ostium secundum atrial septal defect (ASD) but rarely studied after percutaneous device closure.MethodsFrom January 2017 to January 2018, systemic venous Doppler flow patterns were documented prospectively in 50 subjects who underwent percutaneous closure of ASD, prior to, after procedure, and at 6‐month follow‐up and correlated with defect size and device size.ResultsIn hepatic veins and superior venacava post device‐closure closure, the velocity time integral (VTI) of forward flow in both systole (S) and diastole (D) increased. Overall S was higher than D, and D/S ratio was <1. The D/S ratio increased after device closure significantly reflecting that the improvement in atrial filling increase in diastolic flow more than the increase in systolic flow. Increase in flow velocities was more prominent at 6 months with further increase in D/S VTI ratios. When correlated with the defect size, in those with defect size less than 15 mm/sq.m (mean device size 13.05 ± 3.21 mm), the changes in S‐ or D‐wave, D/S ratio were less prominent and statistically not significant, while in subjects with defect size ≥ 15 mm/sq.m (mean device size 23.02 (±4.77 mm), these changes were greater and statistical significant.ConclusionResidual filling defects with restriction of systolic venous flow were observed in subjects after device closure, correlating with larger device sizes, implying the compliance abnormality conferred by them which progresses at 6 months. Subjects with persistent abnormalities would need careful follow up for incomplete remodeling and increase in atrial size related arrhythmias.