bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Secrecy and Community in 21st-Century Fiction
Authors: López María J. , Villar-Argáiz Pilar 
Published: December 2020

Secrecy and Community in 21st-Century Fiction examines the relation between secrecy and community in a diverse and international range of contemporary fictional works in English. In its concern with what is called ‘communities of secrecy’, it is fundamentally indebted to the thought of Jacques Derrida, Jean-Luc Nancy and Maurice Blanchot, who have pointed to the fallacies and dangers of identitarian and exclusionary communities, arguing for forms of being-in-common characterized by non-belonging, singularity and otherness.
Also drawing on the work of J. Hillis Miller, Derek Attridge, Nicholas Royle, Matei Calinescu, Frank Kermode and George Simmel, among others, this volume analyses the centrality of secrets in the construction of literary form, narrative sequence and meaning, together with their foundational role in our private and interpersonal lives and the public and political realms. In doing so, it engages with the Derridean ethico-political value of secrecy and Derrida’s conception of literature as the exemplary site for the operation of the unconditional secret.
Secrecy and Community in 21st-Century Fiction examines the relation between secrecy and community in a diverse and international range of contemporary fictional works in English. In its concern with what is called communities of secrecy, it is fundamentally indebted to the thought of Jacques Derrida, Jean-Luc Nancy and Maurice Blanchot, who have pointed to the fallacies and dangers of identitarian and exclusionary communities, arguing for forms of being-in-common characterised by non-belonging, singularity and otherness. Also drawing on the work of J. Hillis Miller, Derek Attridge, Nicholas Royle, Matei Calinescu, Frank Kermode, and George Simmel, among others, this volume analyses the centrality of secrets in the construction of literary form, narrative sequence and meaning, together with their foundational role in our private and interpersonal lives and the public and political realms. In doing so, it especially engages with the Derridean ethico-political value of secrecy and Derrida’s conception of literature as an exemplary site for the operation of the unconditional secret.
10
Authors: Andrew Geoff 
Published: December 2020

The Iranian director Abbas Kiarostami burst onto the international film scene in the early 1990s and was widely regarded as one of the most distinctive and talented modern-day directors. His major features - including Through the Olive Trees (1994), Taste of Cherry (1997) and The Wind Will Carry Us (1999) - are relatively modest in scale, contemplative and humanist in tone. In 2002, with 10, Kiarostami broke new ground, fixing one or two digital cameras on a car's dashboard to film ten conversations between the driver (Mania Akbari) and her various passengers. The results are astonishing: though formally rigorous, even austere, and documentary-like in its style, 10 succeeds both as emotionally affecting human drama and as a critical analysis of everyday life in modern Tehran.
In his study of the film, Geoff Andrew considers 10 within the context of Kiarostami's career, of Iranian cinema's renaissance, and of international film culture. Drawing on a number of detailed interviews he conducted with both Kiarostami and his lead actress, Andrew sheds light on the unusual methods used in making the film, on its political relevance, and on its remarkably subtle aesthetic. He also argues that 10 was an important turning-point in the career of a film-maker who was not only one of contemporary cinema's most accomplished practitioners but also one of its most radical experimentalists.
Towards Unified Data Exchange Formats for Reporting Molecular Drug Susceptibility Testing
Authors: Bonney Wilfred , Price Sandy F. , Abhyankar Swapna , Merrick Riki , Hampole Varsha , Halse Tanya A. , DiDonato Charles , Dalton Tracy , Metchock Beverly , Starks Angela M. , Miramontes Roque 
Published: December 2020

Background: With the rapid development of new advanced molecular detection methods, identification of new genetic mutations conferring pathogen resistance to an ever-growing variety of antimicrobial substances will generate massive genomic datasets for public health and clinical laboratories. Keeping up with specialized standard coding for these immense datasets will be extremely challenging. This challenge prompted our effort to create a common molecular resistance Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes (LOINC) panel that can be used to report any identified antimicrobial resistance pattern.
Objective: To develop and utilize a common molecular resistance LOINC panel for molecular drug susceptibility testing (DST) data exchange in the U.S. National Tuberculosis Surveillance System using California Department of Public Health (CDPH) and New York State Department of Health as pilot sites.
Methods: We developed an interface and mapped incoming molecular DST data to the common molecular resistance LOINC panel using Health Level Seven (HL7) v2.5.1 Electronic Laboratory Reporting (ELR) message specifications through the Orion Health™ Rhapsody Integration Engine v6.3.1.
Results: Both pilot sites were able to process and upload/import the standardized HL7 v2.5.1 ELR messages into their respective systems; albeit CDPH identified areas for system improvements and has focused efforts to streamline the message importation process.
Discussion: The common molecular resistance LOINC panel is designed to be generalizable across other resistance genes and ideally also applicable to other disease domains.
Conclusion: The study demonstrates that it is possible to exchange molecular DST data across the continuum of disparate healthcare information systems in integrated public health environments using the common molecular resistance LOINC panel.
Keywords: Data Exchange Formats, Electronic Laboratory Reporting, Health Information Exchange, LOINC, Health Level Seven, Public Health Surveillance.
Mongolia’s external environment: current status and future trends of regional and multilateral cooperation
Authors: Tsend Baatar , Baatar Battogtokh 
Published: December 2020

Today, the economic globalization is staging and regional trade and economic integration is gaining strength. This trend is more accelerated from the proportion of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. In this context, the countries revised their foreign policies and determined their priorities for cooperation.
In this article, Author analyzes the political and economic environment of Mongolia and the main tendencies of its foreign trade and economic cooperation with other countries, including Asian and neighboring countries.
Neurotrophins and cytokines—intermediaries between the immune and nervous systems
Authors: Otten U. , Gadient R.A. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractNeurotrophins (NTs), including nerve growth factor (NGF), are multifunctional: in addition to their well‐characterized neurotrophic functions they are known to regulate and to be regulated by cytokines, components of the immune system. In line with this we have found expression of a functional trk proto‐oncogene, constituting the signal transducing‐receptor for NGF, on monocytes/macrophages, lymphocytes and basophils. Moreover, NGF synthesis is regulated by a cytokine cascade including inflammatory mediators such as interleukin‐1 and tumor necrosis factor‐α. The fact that NGF levels are markedly elevated in cerebrospinal fluid of patiens with multiple sclerosis and in serum of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus strongly indicates a role for NGF in immunopathology as well as in normal immune function.
Effect of cigarette smoke on human placenta morphometry
Authors: Rocha J.E.S , Matheus M , Sala M.A 
Published: July 2002

AbstractObjective: To evaluate the placental alterations in smoking mothers. Method: A case‐control stereologic study of 10 placentas from smokers and 10 from non‐smokers. Result: The authors found a significant increase in stromal volume density, villus size and trophoblast thickness, and a significant decrease in villus and vessel surface densities, total surfaces, and number/mm2 histological field in the smokers' placenta. Conclusions: The alterations found in the smokers' placenta greatly contribute to impairing the exchanges between maternal and fetal blood.
Maternal syphilis and vertical perinatal transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type‐1 infection
Authors: Lee M.‐J. , Hallmark R.J. , Frenkel L.M. , Del Priore G. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractObjectives: To identify risk factors for vertical HIV transmission that may provide opportunities for the prevention of future pediatric HIV infection. Study Design: A prospective cohort of 44 pregnant HIV(+) women and their 53 offspring was followed between July 1989 and July 1996. Results: Secondary and latent maternal syphilis infection was diagnosed in four pregnancies with VDRL titers ≥ 1:128. Concurrent maternal syphilis infection was associated with 100% vertical HIV transmission (4/4), compared to 21% (3/14) deliveries that occurred in 13 women with only a history of treated sypillis (P = 0.01) and 14% (5/35) deliveries in women with no history of syphilis (P = 0.0015). Among non‐Zidovudine exposed pregnancies, 100% (3/3) patients with concurrent syphilis transmitted HIV to their infants vs. 0% (0/8) patients with only a history of syphilis (P = 0.006). A history of treated syphilis did not increase subsequent transmission risk compared to women with no history of syphilis (3/14 vs. 5/35, P = 0.41). One patient delivered twice during the study and received Zidovudine prophylaxis during both pregnancies. Her first pregnancy VDRL titer was ≥ 1:128, during which she delivered an HIV infected child. Following successful treatment for syphilis (VDRL titer, 1:1), she conceived again and delivered an uninfected infant 11 months later. Additional risk factors significantly associated with vertical HIV transmission were prematurity and low birth weight. Variables studied but not statistically‐related to HIV transmission included: other sexually transmitted diseases, maternal age, race, intravenous drug of cocaine use, prenatal care, route or delivery, duration of HIV(+) status, and CD4 count. Conclusion: Among HIV(+) women, concurrent syphilis infection, but not a history of syphilis, is significantly associated with vertical perinatal HIV transmission. Frequent screening and prompt treatment of syphilis in non‐pregnant HIV(+) women may help prevent subsequent HIV infected pregnancies.
Fibre‐type distribution and subcellular localisation of α and β enolase in mouse striated muscle
Authors: Keller Angélica , Demeurie Jeanine , Merkulova Tatyana , Géraud Gérard , Cywiner‐Golenzer Charlotte , Lucas Marguerite , Châtelet François‐Patrick 
Published: July 2002

Enolase is a dimeric glycolytic enzyme exhibiting tissue specific isoforms. During ontogenesis, a transition occurs from the embryonic αα towards the specific αβ, and ββ isoforms in striated muscle. Immunocytochemical analyses on transverse sections of adult mouse gastrocnemius muscle, allowed us to compare the expression of α and β subunits to that of myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms. Levels of β immunoreactivity followed the order IIB > IIX > IIA > I. This gradient parallels the ATPase activity associated to MHC isoforms, indicating that the expression of β enolase in myofibres is finely regulated as a function of energetic requirements. By contrast, variations in α immunolabelling intensity appeared independent of fibre types.Longitudinal muscle sections exhibited a striated pattern of α immunoreactivity. Confocal microscopy analyses demonstrated that α was localised at the M band. Most β immunoreactivity was diffuse all over the sarcoplasm. However, some β immunoreactivity was striated and localized at both Z and M bands. Thus, ββ enolase could participate to multi‐enzyme complexes present at the I band, and involved with local ATP production.Our results support the notion that isozymes differ in their ability to interact with other macromolecules, thus segregating to different subcellular sites where they would respond to specific functional demands.
Suicide attempts in the Hungarian adult population. Their relation with DIS/DSM-III-R affective and anxiety disorders
Authors: Szádóczky E. , Vitrai J. , Rihmer Z. , Füredi J. 
Published: July 2002

summaryPrevalence of suicide attempts and their relationship with DIS anxiety and affective disorder diagnoses were investigated in a Hungarian adult community sample. Despite the high suicide mortality rate, the rate of suicide attempts was similar to that reported in other studies using similar methods. Suicide attempts occurred more frequently among women and previously married persons. Although the presence of any lifetime anxiety and/or affective disorder increased the rate of reported suicide attempts, the effect of co-morbidity, recurrence and chronicity might be considered significant predictors. The highest odds of an attempt were related to the diagnoses of dysthymic or bipolar disorders. Agitation was the only depressive symptom, which increased the odds of a suicide attempt.
A review of the efficacy and tolerability of venlafaxine
Authors: Dierick M 
Published: July 2002

SummaryVenlafaxine is a selective serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor with no activity at muscarinic, histaminergic or adrenergic receptors. The antidepressant activity of venlafaxine has been demonstrated in placebo-controlled and active comparator-controlled clinical trials. Venlafaxine was effective in outpatients and hospitalized patients with major depression and in those with melancholia, agitated or retarded symptoms, and refractory or treatment-resistant depression. Venlafaxine was at least as effective as comparative antidepressants and was more effective than fluoxetine or imipramine in some trials. A positive dose-response relationship has been shown with venlafaxine. When doses of venlafaxine are titrated rapidly upward, an onset of antidepressant action has been detected within one week in some studies. Venlafaxine is well tolerated during short- and long-term treatment. The most common adverse effects are nausea, somnolence and dry mouth. The overall tolerability of venlafaxine appears to exceed that of tricyclic antidepressants and compares favorably with that of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Venlafaxine is a novel antidepressant that is appropriate for first-line therapy in patients with major depression.
Contraception, sterilisation and the mentally ill: beyond Manicheanism, some reference points
Authors: Lachaux B , Renaud V 
Published: July 2002

SummaryThe problem of contraception, sterilisation and the mentally ill is one of the key questions in medical ethics. Even if these two aspects bring into question a person's autonomy in two of the most intimate and fundamental aspects of life — sexuality and motherhood — they should not be confused as they differ greatly in terms of their reversibility. The essential question is rather one of individual freedom and its defence in situations where the subject is unable to defend himself either temporarily or in the long term. The fine line between individual and collective interests poses questions in terms of where to draw this line and the way in which it is defined in care situations. From this viewpoint, carers — that is, doctors and nurses, but also social workers and the patient's entourage — play an important role, not only in theory but also in day-to-day reality.
Poles apart, but are they the same? A comparative study of Australian and Scottish patients with chronic heart failure
Authors: Stewart Simon , Blue Lynda , Capewell Simon , Horowitz John D. , McMurray John J. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractThis paper reports on an international comparison of the characteristics, treatment and health outcomes of chronic heart failure (CHF) patients discharged from acute hospital care in Australia and Scotland. The baseline characteristics and treatment of 200 CHF patients recruited to a randomised study of a non‐pharmacological intervention in Australia and 157 CHF patients concurrently recruited to a similar study in Scotland were compared. Subsequent health outcomes (including survival and readmission) within 3 months of discharge in those patients who received usual post‐discharge care in Australia (n ‐ 100) and Scotland (n ‐ 75) were also compared. Individuals in both countries were predominantly old and frail with significant comorbidity likely to complicate treatment. Similar proportions of Australian and Scottish patients were prescribed either a ‘high’ (20 vs. 18%) or medium (64 vs. 66%) dose of an angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitor. Proportionately more Australian patients were prescribed a long‐acting nitrate, digoxin and/or a β‐blocker. At 3 months post‐discharge, 57 of the 100 (57%: 95% CI 47–67%) Australian and 37 of the 75 (49%: 95% CI 38–61%) Scottish patients assigned to ‘usual care’ remained event‐free (NS). Similarly, 15 vs. 12% required ≥ 2 unplanned readmission (NS) and 16 vs. 19% of Australian and Scottish patients, respectively, died (NS). Australian and Scottish patients accumulated a median of 0.6 vs. 0.9 days, respectively, of hospitalisation/patient/month (NS). On multivariate analysis (including country of origin), unplanned readmission or death was independently correlated with severe renal impairment (adjusted odds ratio 4.4, P < 0.05), a previous hospitalisation for CHF (2.3, P < 0.05), longer index hospitalisation (2.7 for > 10 days, P < 0.05) and greater comorbidity (1.3 for each incremental unit of the Charlson Index, P ‐ 0.05). Health outcomes among predominantly old and frail CHF patients appear to be independent of the health‐care system in which the patient is managed and more likely to be dependent on the syndrome itself.
Heart failure as a metabolic problem
Authors: Anker Stefan D. , Rauchhaus Mathias 
Published: July 2002

AbstractChronic heart failure (CHF) remains an important and increasing public health care problem. Not until recently it has been recognised that CHF is a chronic progressive disorder affecting different physiological and metabolic pathways. Nowadays CHF is reviewed as the consequence of an interplay of haemodynamic, neurohormonal, immunological, and endocrine mechanisms, initially thought to have beneficial adaptive effects for the organism to compensate the heart's inability to pump properly. However, these secondary changes eventually contribute to further deterioration of CHF. This review focuses on metabolic features observed in patients with CHF and discusses immunological and neuroendocrine aspects and their potential contribution to the pathogenesis of CHF. The overall evidence suggests that advanced CHF is a multifactorial metabolic syndrome that can lead to cardiac cachexia and then carries a very poor prognosis. Joint efforts of cardiologists, endocrinologists, and immunologists are required to develop therapeutic strategies able to improve the metabolic status of CHF patients.
Room Temperature Benzofused Lactam Synthesis Enabled by Cobalt(III)‐Catalyzed C(sp2)−H Amidation
Authors: Tian Xun , Li Xin , Duan Shengzu , Du Ya , Liu Tongqi , Fang Yongsheng , Chen Wen , Zhang Hongbin , Li Minyan , Yang Xiaodong 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBenzofused lactams, especially indolin‐2‐one and dihydroquinolin‐2‐one are popular structural motives in durgs and natural products. Herein, we developed a room temperature and robust synthesis of benzofused lactams through cobalt(III)‐catalyzed C(sp2)−H amidation. In this protocol, in‐situ formation of Cp*Co(III)(ligand) catalyst from Cp*Co(CO)I2 and ligand simplify the synthetic effort of cobalt complexes. Simple and readily synthesized 1,4,2‐dioxazol‐5‐ones underwent room temperature intramolecular C−H amidation and afforded a wide variety of functionalized benzofused lactams in up to 86% yield. The scalability of the reaction is also be demonstrated.magnified image
Reconstructing leaf area from fragments: testing three methods using a fossil paleogene species
Authors: Toumoulin Agathe , Kunzmann Lutz , Moraweck Karolin , Sack Lawren 
Published: December 2020

PREMISEFossil leaf traits can enable reconstruction of ancient environments and climates. Among these, leaf size has been particularly studied because it reflects several climatic forcings (e.g., precipitation and surface temperature) and, potentially, environment characteristics (e.g., nutrient availability, local topography, and openness of vegetation). However, imperfect preservation and fragmentation can corrupt its utilization. We provide improved methodology to estimate leaf size from fossil fragments.METHODSWe apply three methods: (1) visually reconstructing leaf area based on taxon‐specific gross morphology; (2) estimating intact leaf area from vein density based on a vein scaling relationship; and (3) a novel complementary method, determining intact leaf length based on the tapering of the midvein in the fragment. We test the three methods for fossils of extinct Eotrigonobalanus furcinervis (Fagaceae) from two lignite horizons of the middle and late Eocene of central Germany respectively (~45/46 and 35/36 Ma).RESULTSThe three methods, including the new one, yield consistent leaf size reconstructions. The vein scaling method showed a shift to larger leaf size, from the middle to the late Eocene.CONCLUSIONSThese methods constitute a toolbox with different solutions to reconstruct leaf size from fossil fragments depending on fossil preservation. Fossil leaf size reconstruction has great potential to improve physiognomy‐based paleoenvironmental reconstructions and the interpretation of the fossil record.
Apathy in presymptomatic genetic frontotemporal dementia predicts cognitive decline and is driven by structural brain changes
Authors: Malpetti Maura , Jones P. Simon , Tsvetanov Kamen A. , Rittman Timothy , van Swieten John C. , Borroni Barbara , Sanchez‐Valle Raquel , Moreno Fermin , Laforce Robert , Graff Caroline , Synofzik Matthis , Galimberti Daniela , Masellis Mario , Tartaglia Maria Carmela , Finger Elizabeth , Vandenberghe Rik , de Mendonça Alexandre , Tagliavini Fabrizio , Santana Isabel , Ducharme Simon , Butler Chris R. , Gerhard Alexander , Levin Johannes , Danek Adrian , Otto Markus , Frisoni Giovanni B. , Ghidoni Roberta , Sorbi Sandro , Heller Carolin , Todd Emily G. , Bocchetta Martina , Cash David M. , Convery Rhian S. , Peakman Georgia , Moore Katrina M. , Rohrer Jonathan D. , Kievit Rogier A. , Rowe James B. ,   Genetic FTD Initiative (GENFI)
Published: December 2020

AbstractIntroductionApathy adversely affects prognosis and survival of patients with frontotemporal dementia (FTD). We test whether apathy develops in presymptomatic genetic FTD, and is associated with cognitive decline and brain atrophy.MethodsPresymptomatic carriers of MAPT, GRN or C9orf72 mutations (N = 304), and relatives without mutations (N = 296) underwent clinical assessments and MRI at baseline, and annually for 2 years. Longitudinal changes in apathy, cognition, gray matter volumes, and their relationships were analyzed with latent growth curve modeling.ResultsApathy severity increased over time in presymptomatic carriers, but not in non‐carriers. In presymptomatic carriers, baseline apathy predicted cognitive decline over two years, but not vice versa. Apathy progression was associated with baseline low gray matter volume in frontal and cingulate regions.DiscussionApathy is an early marker of FTD‐related changes and predicts a subsequent subclinical deterioration of cognition before dementia onset. Apathy may be a modifiable factor in those at risk of FTD.