bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
GHG displacement factors of harvested wood products: the myth of substitution
Authors: LETURCQ Philippe 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
A commonly held idea is that substituting wood for fossil fuels and energy intensive materials is a better strategy in mitigating climate change than storing more carbon in forests. This opinion, although ratified by the forest and energy policies of many countries, especially in Europe, remains highly questionable for at least two reasons.
Results
Firstly, the carbon footprints of wood-products are underestimated as far as the “carbon neutrality” assumption is involved in their life cycle analysis, as it is most often the case. As a matter of fact, when taking into account the forest carbon dynamics consecutive to wood harvest and the limited lifetime of products, these carbon footprints are time-dependant and their presumed values under the carbon neutrality assumption are achieved only in steady-state conditions. For time horizons comparable with the climatic deadlines, the values to apply may be of the same order as the carbon mass in the harvested wood from which the products originate. Secondly, even if carbon footprints are correctly estimated, the benefit of substitutions is overestimated when all or part of the wood products are supposed to replace non-wood products whatever the market conditions. Indeed, substitutions can be considered as effective only if an increase in wood harvesting implies verifiably a global reduction in production of non-wood products.
Conclusions
Most studies that advocate energy or material substitutions lack rigour to these respects and incite the increase in wood harvesting. Such an increase impedes forest carbon storage and could be counter-productive for climate change mitigation objectives.
The meaning of postpartum sexual health for women living in Spain: A phenomenological inquiry.
Authors: Pardell-Dominguez Lidia , Palmieri Patrick Albert , Dominguez-Cancino Karen A. , Camacho-Rodriguez Doriam E. , Edwards Joan E. , Watson Jean , Leyva-Moral Juan M. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Sexual health is a multidimensional phenomenon constructed by personal, social, and cultural factors but continues to be studied with a biomedical approach. During the postpartum the woman transitions to mother, as well as partner to parent and couple to family. There are new realities in life in the postpartum, including household changes and new responsibilities that can impact the quality of sexual health. This phenomenon is understudied especially in the context of Spain. The purpose of this study was to describe the lived experience of postpartum sexual health among primiparous women giving birth in Catalonia (Spain).
Methods
This was a phenomenological study with a purposive sample of women within the first postpartum year. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews until saturation was achieved. Analysis followed Colaizzi's seven-step process with an eighth translation step added to limit cross-cultural threats to validity. Also, the four dimensions of trustworthiness were established through strategies and techniques during data collection and analysis.
Results
Ten women were interviewed from which five themes emerged, including: Not feeling ready, inhibiting factors, new reality at home, socio-cultural factors, and the clinician within the health system. The process of returning to sexual health was “figured out” as women engaged in experiential learning through trial and error. Most participants reported reduced libido after childbirth, experienced altered body image, and resumed sexual activity before feeling ready. A common finding was fatigue and feeling overloaded by the demands of the newborn. Partner support was described as essential to returning to a normal relationship. Discussions about postpartum sexual health with clinicians were described as taboo, and largely absent from the care model.
Conclusion
Evidence-based practices should incorporate the best evidence from research, consider the preferences of the woman, and use clinician expertise to make decisions. As such, human caring practices should be incorporated into clinical guidelines to recognize the preferences of women regarding their sexual health. Clinicians need to be authentically present, engage in active communication, and tailor their care. More qualitative studies are needed to understand postpartum sexual health in different contexts, cultures, and countries and to identify similarities and differences through metasynthesis.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice among dispensers of Community Pharmacy on Emergency Contraceptive Pills in Kathmandu Valley: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Shakya Sujyoti , shrestha sweta , Shrestha Rojeena Koju , Giri Usha , Shrestha Sunil 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Unintended pregnancies, the primary cause of abortion, can consequence in severe negative effects such as infertility and maternal death. Adequate knowledge of emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs) and a positive attitude among the dispensers in community pharmacy is a prerequisite for timely access to ECP thus ultimately abating the incidence of unintended pregnancies. This study intended to explore the knowledge, attitude and practice of dispensers of community pharmacy toward ECPs in Kathmandu valley. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in community pharmacies located in three districts of Kathmandu valley. A convenient sampling method was employed to interview dispensers in 227 community pharmacies using a validated questionnaire. The questionnaire assessed the demographic characteristics, knowledge, attitude and dispensing practice of the dispensers. The data were subjected to descriptive and inferential analysis using SPSS 18 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Results Respondents’ knowledge was statistically significant with dispensing practice and had a positive relation [AOR= 11.86, 95% CI (5.821-24.190)]. Approximately (74.9%) of respondents had a good practice and about 65.6% had a good knowledge on dispensing ECP. Majority (93.4%) had a positive attitude towards ECP yet some of the respondents (54.2%) had conservative belief about the Over the Counter (OTC) availability of ECP. ECP related knowledge was higher among the age group 40-49 years, Bphamacy degree holders with experience above 10 years and pharmacies located inside the city and in the Kathmandu district. After adjusting the possible confounder variables, age, degree and district of pharmacy were significantly associated with knowledge. Similarly, respondents’s practice towards ECP was higher among the age group 40-49 years with experience above 10 years and pharmacies located inside the city and in the Kathmandu district. Adjusted for other variables, only pharmacies located at Kathmandu district was significantly associated with practice. Conclusion The dispensers lacked specific significant information on ECP and posed a conservative perception of its’ OTC availability, despite good overall knowledge and positive attitude. Hence, training on proper counseling strategies should be afoot to refine service delivery.
Clinical Characteristics, Serological and Radiological Longitudinal Changes of Patients With COVID-19
Authors: Yang Zhiwei , Yu Mingxue , Li Ganwen , Liu Guirong , Xie Jinjun , Song Hongzhong , Li Gang , Jie Yusheng 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background

Since December 2019, an outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) that began in Wuhan and rapidly spread globally. The speed and scope of spread of COVID-19 makes urgent of the defining clinical characteristics, serological and radiological changes of the affected patients.

Method

7 patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 who admitted to the Third affiliated hospital of Sun Yat-sen university Yuedong hospital from January 2020 to March 2020 were retrospectively enrolled and their clinical features, serological and radiological longitudinal changes were analyzed.

Results

Among the 7 patients, all (100%) had a clear epidemiological history. The most common symptoms were respiratory symptoms 6 (85.7%), and only 2 (28.6%) of the patients had fever at their first visit. The cohort included 4 (57.1%) common types and 3 (42.9%) severe types. Two (28.6%) common types patients developed to severe type in a short time. All of the 7 patients (100%) had abnormal liver function, normal renal function and normal procalcitonin. The detection time of specific antibody in 7 patients was 5~13d after symptoms. Before the specific antibody could be detected, the absolute value of lymphocytes decreased in 2 (28.6%) common type cases transferred to severe type cases accompanied with obvious progress in pulmonary imaging, and the phenomenon of decreased albumin and elevated globulin occurred in 6 patients (85.7%). The predominant pattern of lung lesions observed was bilateral (71.4%) and mainly near the pleura at the first diagnosis. Bilateral pulmonary involvement occurred in 6 cases (85.7%) during the course of disease. In 4 cases (57.1%) with obvious pulmonary lesions, the absolute value of lymphocytes decreased, albumin decreased and globulin increased during the course of the disease.

Conclusion

Serum specific antibodies can be detected within 2 weeks of onset. Close observation of the dynamic changes of absolute value of blood lymphocytes, serum albumin and globulin which were related to pulmonary imaging changes in patients will contribute to assessment of COVID-19.
Design preferences for global scale: A mixed-methods study of “glocalization” of an animated, video-based health communication intervention.
Authors: Adam Maya , Chase Rachel P , McMahon Shannon A , Kuhnert Kira-Leigh , Johnston Jamie , Ward Victoria , Prober Charles , Bärnighausen Till 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Designing health communication interventions for global scaling reinforces health literacy promotion and facilitates time-sensitive global health messaging. Limited literature explores preferences for animation prototypes and other content characteristics across participants living in different global regions. Prior research underscores an urgent need for health communication interventions that are more compelling and accessible across diverse global cultures. This study provides valuable international insights and key considerations for health communicators and educators developing video-based, animated content intended for global distribution.
Methods
We used a mixed-methods, sequential explanatory design, drawing on participation via an international group of learners enrolled in a massive open online course. Through an online quantitative survey (n = 330), we sought preferences from participants in 73 countries for animation design prototypes to be used in video-based, globally scalable, health communication interventions. To learn more about these preferences, we conducted in-depth interviews (n = 20) with participants selected using maximum variation purposive sampling.
Results
For globally scalable interventions, most respondents preferred animation design prototypes that were free of cultural identifiers, especially when these were localized through familiar-sounding voiceovers. Across global regions, participants favored narrative approaches, short videos and family structures that were inclusive across age and gender.
Conclusions
This study summarizes preferences from participants in 73 countries for a variety of design prototypes that could be used in globally scalable, animated health communication videos. We also present novel content development considerations that could inform future interventions. Our findings suggest that global learners may be willing to accept simplified visuals, designed for broad cross-cultural acceptability, especially if the content is localized in other ways, such as the use of locally resonating narratives and voiceovers.
Therapeutic potential of CKD-506, a novel selective histone deacetylase 6 inhibitor, in a murine model of rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Park Jin Kyun , Jang Yu Jin , Oh Bo Ram , Shin Jieun , Bae Daekwon , Ha Nina , Choi Young Il , Youn Gi Soo , Park Jinseu , Lee Eun Young , Lee Eun Bong , Song Yeong-Wook 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Objectives Histone deacetylase (HDAC) 6 promotes inflammation. We investigated the anti-arthritic effects of CKD-506, a novel HDAC6 inhibitor, in vitro and in a murine model of arthritis as a novel treatment option for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods HDAC6 was overexpressed in mouse peritoneal macrophages and RAW 264.7 cells and the effects of a HDAC6 inhibitor CKD-506 on cytokine production and activity of NF-κB and AP-1 signaling were examined. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from RA patients and fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) were activated in the presence of CKD-506. Next, regulatory T cells (Treg) were induced from RA patients and co-cultured with healthy effector T cells (Teff) and cell proliferation was analyzed by flow cytometry. Finally, the effects of the inhibitor on the severity of arthritis was assessed in a murine model of adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA). Results Overexpression of HDAC6 induced in macrophages to produce TNF-α and IL-6. The inhibitory effect of CKD-506 was mediated via blockade of NF-κB and AP-1 activation. HDAC6 inhibition reduced TNF-α and IL-6 production by activated RA-PBMCs. Also, CKD-506 inhibited production of MMP-1, MMP-3, IL-6 and IL-8 by activated FLS. In addition, CKD-506 inhibited proliferation of Teffs directly and indirectly by improving iTreg function. In AIA rats, oral CKD-506 improved clinical arthritis in a dose-dependent manner. A combination of sub-therapeutic CKD-506 and methotrexate exerted a synergistic effect. Conclusion The novel HDAC6 inhibitor CKD-506 induces regulatory immune responses in monocytes/macrophages, improves Treg function, and ameliorates arthritis severity in a murine model of RA. Thus, CKD-506 might be a novel and effective treatment option for RA.
Risk and predictors of in-hospital mortality from COVID-19 in patients with diabetes and cardiovascular disease
Authors: Rastad Hadith , Karim Hossein , Ejtahed Hanieh-Sadat , Tajbakhsh Ramin , Noorisepehr Mohammad , Babaei Mehrdad , Azimzadeh Mehdi , Soleimani Alireza , Inanloo Seyed Hasan , Hassani Neda Shafiabadi , Rasanezhad Fariba , Shahrestanaki Ehsan , Khodaparast Zeinab , Golami Hossein , Qorbani Mostafa 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are present in a large number of patients with novel Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We aimed to determine the risk and predictors of in-hospital mortality from COVID-19 in patients with DM and CVD.Methods: This retrospective cohort study included hospitalized patients aged ≥ 18 years with confirmed COVID-19 in Alborz province, Iran, from 20 February 2020 to 25 March 2020. Data on demographic, clinical and outcome (in-hospital mortality) data were obtained from electronic medical records. Self-reported comorbidities were classified into the following groups: “DM” (having DM with or without other comorbidities), “only DM” (having DM without other comorbidities), “CVD” (having CVD with or without other comorbidities), “only CVD” (having CVD without other comorbidities), and “having any comorbidity”. Multivariate logistic regression models were fitted to quantify the risk and predictors of in-hospital mortality from COVID-19 in patients with these comorbidities.Results: Among 2957 patients with COVID-19, 2656 were discharged as cured, and 301 died. In multivariate model, DM (OR: 1.62 (95%CI: 1.14-2.30)) and only DM (1.69 (1.05-2.74)) increased the risk of death from COVID-19; but, both CVD and only CVD showed non-significant associations (p>0.05). Moreover, “having any comorbidities” increased the risk of in-hospital mortality from COVID-19 (OR: 2.66 (95%CI: 2.09 -3.40)). Significant predictors of mortality from COVID-19 in patients with DM were lymphocyte count, creatinine and C-reactive protein (CRP) level (all P- values < 0.05).Conclusions: Our findings suggest that diabetic patients have an increased risk of in-hospital mortality following COVID-19; also, lymphocyte count, creatinine and CRP concentrations could be considered as significant predictors for the death of COVID-19 in these patients.
The Impact of Metabolic Syndrome Defined by IDF or Revised NCEP on Glycemic control in Malaysians with Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Saif-Ali Riyadh , Kamaruddin Nor Azmi , AL-Habori Molham , Al-Dubai Sami A , Ngah Wan Zurinah Wan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
BackgroundChronic complication of Type 2 diabetes mellitus such as macrovascular disease is amplified with the increase in the number of the metabolic syndrome (MeS) risk factors. Specific criteria for diagnosis of metabolic syndrome are essential to help in glycemic control and reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients with metabolic syndrome.Methods The study involved 485 Type 2 DM patients who are receiving treatment at the University Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center (UKMMC), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Metabolic syndrome among the Type 2 DM patients was diagnosed based on IDF and NCEP-R criteria. The C-peptide and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels were determined by an automated quantitative immunoassay analyzer and high-performance liquid chromatography respectively. The metabolic syndrome factors, glucose, triglyceride and HDL cholesterol were measured by spectrophotometerResultsApplication of IDF and NCEP-R criteria respectively resulted in 73% and 85% of Type 2 DM subjects being diagnosed with metabolic syndrome. The concordance of these criteria in diagnosing metabolic syndrome among Type 2 DM was low (kappa=0.33, P<0.001). Both IDF and NCEP-R criteria indicated that Type 2 DM with five criteria of metabolic syndrome had higher insulin resistance (P=2.1×10-13, P=1.4×10-11), C-peptide (P=1.21×10-13; 4.1×10-11), blood glucose (P=0.01; 0.021) and HbA1c (P=0.039; 0.018) than those Type 2 DM without metabolic syndrome respectively.ConclusionHowever, there is a low concordance between IDF and NCEP-R criteria in the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome among Type 2 DM, both criteria showed that type 2 DM with five criteria of metabolic syndrome had higher insulin resistance, blood glucose and HbA1c.
LncRNA SNHG12 promotes proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells via targeting miR-766-5p/ EIF5A
Authors: liu wen , che jianhuan , Gu Yan , song ling , Jiao yingying , yu shui 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Although lncRNAs have reported to serve as potential biomarkers of atherosclerosis (AS), the role of lncRNA SNHG12 in AS are still unknown. Methods In present study, we investigated the regulatory effects of SNHG12 on human vascular smooth muscle cells (hVSMCs). RT-qPCR were employed to determine the expressions of SNHG12, miR-766-5p and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A (EIF5A). Cell viability was estimated via the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. Wound healing and Transwell invasion assays were used for evaluation of hVSMCs migratory capacity. To further investigate the regulatory mechanisms, binding sites between SNHG12 and miR-766-5p, EIF5A and miR-766-5p were speculated via starBase V2.0, and validated using luciferase reporter gene assay. Results It was identified that SNHG12 was up-regulated in oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-insulted hVSMCs. Silencing SNHG12 inhibited ox-LDL-induced proliferation and migration of hVSMCs. Moreover, we found that SNHG12 acted as a sponge of miR-766-5p, and miR-766-5p also interacted with EIF5A. EIF5A plasmids promoted the proliferation and migratory capacities of hVSMCs, however, shRNA-SNHG12 counteracted the facilitation of EIF5A plasmids on biological behaviors of hVSMCs. Conclusions These findings of this study demonstrated that SNHG12 facilitated the migration and invasion of hVSMCs via targeting miR-766-5p/EIF5A axis.
Can posterior stand-alone expandable cages safely restore lumbar lordosis? A minimum 5-year follow-up study
Authors: Kim Seung-Kook , Elbashier Ogeil Mubarak , Lee Su-chan , Choi Woo-jin 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Lumbar lordosis (LL) can be restored and screw-related complications may be avoided with the stand-alone expandable cage method. However, the long-term spinopelvic profile changes and safety remain unknown. We aimed to elucidate the long-term radiologic outcomes and safety of this technique. Methods Data from a total of 69 patients who underwent multi-level stand-alone expandable cage fusion and 80 patients who underwent screw-assisted fusion between February 2007 and December 2012, with at least 5 years of follow-up, were retrospectively analyzed. Segmental angle and translation, short and whole LL, pelvic incidence, pelvic tilt, sacral slope (SS), sagittal vertical balance, thoracic kyphosis, and presence of subsidence, pseudoarthrosis, retropulsion, cage breakage, proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK), and screw malposition were assessed. The relationship between local and spinopelvic effects was investigated. The implant failure rate was considered a measure of procedure effectiveness and safety. Results The stand-alone expandable cage fusion group showed shorter operative times, a lower rate of PJK, and better improvements in segmental angles than the control group, and there was a positive correlation with LL. However, the whole LL was not restored; the SS significantly increased; and subsidence, pseudoarthrosis, and retropulsion rates were significantly higher than those in the control group. Conclusions Stand-alone expandable cage fusion can restore local lordosis, however, global sagittal balance was not restored. Furthermore, implant safety still has not been proven.
Antioxidative enzyme-related gene expression levels in cumulus cells during in vitro fertilization: A comparison between normal and poor ovarian responders
Authors: Orprayoon Nalina , Thuwanut Paweena , Sereepapong Wisan , Rungsiwiwut Ruttachuk , Sirayapiwat Porntip 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Preeminent interfering factor caused in vitro fertilization (IVF) failure has been broadly emphasized on poor ovarian response (POR) to controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH). The specific etiology and precise infertility treatment in POR patients, until now, has not been established and leads to detrimental effects on physical or psychological patient life qualities. To date, one biological stress phenomena, oxidative stress, is broadly implicated in varieties of female reproductive pathological conditions including poor oocyte quantity and quality. Hence, the present study is principally aimed to investigate oxidative stress scavenging system; enzymatic antioxidant-related gene expression level (SOD1, SOD2 and GPx4), in cumulus cells retrieved from poor ovarian responders (POR) and normal ovarian responders (NOR).Methods: A cross-sectional analytic study; fifty-six infertile women, aged between 25-49 years-old who underwent IVF procedure, were enrolled into this study with 28 participants in POR group (1-4 retrieved oocytes) and 28 participants in NOR group (5-15 oocytes). The cumulus cells from first punctured follicle were processed for mRNA gene expression levels of enzymatic antioxidant-related genes (Superoxide dismutase: SOD1, SOD2 and Glutathione peroxidase: GPx4) by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and their association to other reproductive biological factors.Results: The relative mRNA expression of SOD1, SOD2 and GPx4 neither differed between poor and normal responders nor correlated with other relevant reproductive biological cohorts. However, the relative SOD2 mRNA expression level in patients who received human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG) was notably higher than the recombinant follicle stimulating hormone (rFSH) group (P = 0.017).Conclusions: Our major findings indicated that the enzymatic antioxidant-related gene mRNA expression in the cumulus cells do not associate with the ovarian response and other clinical outcomes (i.e. fertilization and pregnancy rates) after IVF procedure. However, the enzymatic antioxidant-related genes positively relate with type of gonadotropin administration.