bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nigella sativa Extract and Thymoquinone Regulate Inflammatory Cytokine and TET-2 Expression in Endothelial Cells
Authors: Amartey Jason , Gapper Samuel , Hussein Nurudeen , Morris Keith , Withycombe Cathryn E. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractNumerous natural compounds including Nigella sativa (N. sativa) demonstrate anti-infammatory and anti-diabetic antiangiogenic properties. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) mediated inflammation is regarded as an important contributor to the inflammation that is associated with the development of arteriosclerosis. In this study, it was hypothesised that N. sativa Extract (NSE) and its main active component Thymoquinone (TQ) could potentially inhibit LPS mediated inflammatory cytokine secretion and monocyte recruitment factors and monocyte in Human Vascular Endothelial Cell (HECV) lines. In addition the Ten-Eleven Translocation (TET-2) an epigenetic regulator, increasingly regarded has having a major role in both the regulation of cytokine secretion and in the development of atherosclerosis through its ability to inhibit the inflammasome Nod-like Receptor Protein 3 (NLRP3) and Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) secretion was investigated. NSE significantly inhibited the production of both IL-6 and -8 and both NSE and TQ inhibited the gene expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 in HECV cells. NSE and TQ inhibited the gene expression of NLRP3 and IL-1β and significantly upregulated the gene expression of TET-2 in the presence of LPS. To conclude, NSE and TQ attenuated inflammatory and monocyte recruitment response and also demonstrate a potentially important role in regulating both NLRP3 and TET-2 expression.
Response Surface Modeling for the Enrichment of Gamma‐Aminobutyric Acid with a Minimum Content of Citrinin in Monascus‐Fermented Rice
Authors: Khan Washim , Regmi Omkar , Hasan Mojeer , Panda Bibhu Prasad 
Published: December 2019

γ‐Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) is a secondary metabolite produced in Monascus‐fermented food. The mycotoxin (citrinin), another major secondary metabolite, is neurotoxic to humans and thus it diminishes the social acceptability of Monascus‐Fermented Rice (MFR). The study was aimed to enrich GABA content and to reduce citrinin level in MFR. Plackett–Burman experimental design and response surface methodology was used to optimize a fermentation medium for a high amount of GABA production with less amount of citrinin by Monascus purpureus Microbial Type Culture Collection and Gene Bank (MTCC) 369 under solid state fermentation (SSF). Statistically optimized nutrient parameters for MFR were lactose 0.054 g/g, alanine 2 mg/g, malt extract 37.4 mg/g, and ZnSO4 0.3 mg/g. The yield of GABA and citrinin in optimized conditions were found to be 24 ± 0.27 mg/g and 3.3 ± 0.19 μg/g, respectively. The optimized medium parameters can be used and explored to produce high amount of GABA with low citrinin in MFR.
ROMA KATOLİK KİLİSESİNİN AHİRET İNANCI ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME
Authors: KARATOSUN MUSA OSMAN 
Published: December 2019

Hıristiyanlık, yaşayan dünya
dinlerine bakıldığında, ölümden sonra diriliş ve peşi sıra gerçekleşecek
olayların detaylı bir şekilde anlatıldığı dinlerden birisidir. Hıristiyanlığa
göre dünya hayatının bir başlangıcı vardır ve bir de sonu olacaktır. Doğrusal
bir zaman diliminde akacağına inanılan bireysel ve kitlesel olaylar örgüsünün
tümü ahiret hayatına dair inançlarla alakalıdır. Hıristiyanlığa göre ahiret
hayatı kişisel ölçekte bireyin ölümüyle insanlık ölçeğindeyse Son Hüküm Günüyle
başlar. Kâinatın yaratılışından Son Hüküm Gününün gerçekleşeceği güne kadar
geçecek olan zaman dilimi üç ana kısımda incelenebilir.

Birinci zaman dilimi kâinatın
yaratılışından İsa Mesih’in İkinci Gelişine kadarki süreyi kapsayan, halen
bizlerin de içinde bulunduğumuz zaman dilimidir. Bu zaman diliminde gerçekleşecek
olayların mekânı bu dünyadır ve bu olaylar tamamıyla bireysel ölçekte cereyan
etmektedir. Bunlar literatürde; ölüm, Özel Yargılama, Cennetin ön-deneyimi,
Araf, Cehennemin ön-deneyimi başlıklarında ifade bulan inanışlardır.

İkinci zaman dilimi İsa Mesih’in
İkinci Gelişi ile başlayan ve Son Hüküm Gününe kadar devam eden bir süreci
kapsar. Bu zaman diliminde gerçekleşecek olayların mekânı bu dünyadır. Ancak,
muhatapları başta Kilisenin manevi şahsiyetinde vücut bulan bütün Hıristiyan
inanlılar olmak üzere tüm insanlıktır. İsa Mesih’in İkinci Gelişi, ölülerin
dirilişi, alınıp götürülüş, büyük çalkantı, Milenyum ve Dünyanın Sonu
başlıklarında ifade bulan itikadi meselelerin detaylarına bakıldığında, nihaî
galibinin iyilerin olacağı bir iyi-kötü savaşının öngörüldüğü ortadadır. Ancak
bazı meselelerin detaylarıyla ilgili Kilise halen sarih görüşler belirtmediği
için genel hatları belli, detayları muğlak bir gelecek beklentisi söz
konusudur. Bu muğlaklık da mezhepleşme sürecine kadar gidebilen, farklı görüş ayrılıklarının
doğmasına zemin hazırlayan bir alan yaratmaktadır.

Üçüncü zaman dilimi ise İsa
Mesih’in iyi-kötü savaşına son vererek, bazı seçkin azizlerle birlikte bütün
kötüleri yargıladığı ve iyileri akladığı sonsuza kadar devam edecek olan bir
yaşamın ilk günü olan Son Hüküm Günüyle başlar. Bu zaman diliminde
gerçekleşecek olayların mekânı Yeni Yeryüzü ve Yeni Gökler denilen farklı bir
mekândır. Tüm insanlığı ilgilendiren bu mahkemenin sonucundaysa iyiler ebedi
istirahatgâh olarak Cennete ve kötüler de Cehenneme ayrılır. Tanrının bütün
amaçlarının nihai olarak gerçekleştiği bu sonsuz yaşam, Hıristiyanların ümit ve
korkuyla karışık bekledikleri ahiret hayatının son merhalesidir.

Bu makalenin amacı, yukarıda bahsi
geçen aşamalarla ilgili Katolik inancının bakış açısını yalnızca Kilisenin
resmî dokümanlarını ve sahih kaynaklarını kullanarak detaylı bir şekilde
sunmaktır. Bu minvalde çalışmamız fütüristtik öğelerin ve eskatolojik
inanışların harmanlandığı deskriptif bir çalışma mahiyetindedir.
Urgensi Keterbukaan Informasi dalam Penyelenggaraan Pelayanan Publik (Urgency of Disclosure of Informationin The Implementation of Public Service)
Authors: Kristiyanto Eko Noer 
Published: January 2020

Since 2008, Indonesia has started a new momentum in the era of openness, related to the passing of Law No. 14 of 2008 on Public Information (KIP). Disclosure of public information is very important because people can control every step and measures taken by the government, especially the Public Agency. Operation of power in a democratic country should at all times be accountable back to the community. Accountability brings to the good governance that leads to the guarantee of human rights (HAM). Public disclosure is an important part of public service is also a right that is very important and strategic for citizens to get access to other rights, because of how it might be to get the rights and other services properly obtained information regarding such rights it is not obtained appropriately and correctly. The poor performance of public services for, among others, have not been implemented because of transparency and participation in public service delivery. This paper attempts to explain the correlation and importance of the right to information of the public service.Keywords: Public Service, Transparency, Participation, Accountabilitys ABSTRAKSejak Tahun 2008, Indonesia telah memulai sebuah momentum baru dalam era keterbukaan, terkait dengan disahkannya Undang-Undang Nomor 14 Tahun 2008 Tentang Keterbukaan Informasi Publik (KIP). Keterbukaan informasi publik sangat penting oleh karena masyarakat dapat mengontrol setiap langkah dan kebijakan yang diambil oleh Badan Publik terutama pemerintah. Penyelenggaraan kekuasaan dalam negara demokrasi harus setiap saat dapat dipertanggungjawabkan kembali kepada masyarakat. Akuntabilitas membawa ke tata pemerintahan yang baik yang bermuara pada jaminan hak asasi manusia (HAM). Keterbukaan informasi publik merupakan bagian penting dari penyelenggaraan pelayanan publik juga merupakan hak yang sangat penting dan strategis bagi warga negara untuk menuju akses terhadap hak-hak lainnya, karena bagaimana mungkin akan mendapatkan hak dan pelayanan lainnya dengan baik jika informasi yang diperoleh mengenai hak-hak tersebut tidaklah didapatkan secara tepat dan benar.Buruknya kinerja pelayanan publik selama ini antara lain dikarenakan belum dilaksanakannya transparansi dan partisipasi dalam penyelenggaraan pelayanan publik. Tulisan ini mencoba menjelaskan korelasi dan pentingnya hak atas informasi terhadap penyelenggaraan pelayanan publik.Kata Kunci: Pelayanan Publik, Transparansi, Partisipasi, Akuntabilitas
Penegakan Hukum Terhadap Orang Asing Di Kantor Imigrasi Kelas I Denpasar Dan Kelas I Khusus Bandara I Gusti Ngurah Rai
Authors: Nugroho Okky Chahyo 
Published: January 2020

Pelanggaran keimigrasian adalah pelanggaran visa seperti sudah lewat batas berlakunya, penyalahgunaan visa dan sebagainya. Hal ini perlu dilakukan penegakan hukum terhadap orang asing dengan tindakan administratif atau tindakan hukum (projustisia) tergantung pelanggaran yang dilanggarnya. Sedangkan permasalahan yang diangkat mengenai penerapan penegakan hukum yang dilakukan Imigrasi setelah dibentuknya Tim Pengawasan Orang Asing (Timpora) dan kendala yang dihadapi dengan kondisi sekarang. Penelitian ini bersifat dekriptif-analisis dengan pendekatan kualitatif, yang mana berupaya memperoleh gambaran mengenai penerapan penegakan hukum terhadap pengawasan orang asing. Pengawasan orang asing berjalan dengan baik karena didukung oleh keberadaan Timpora dalam memberikan informasi terkait keberadaan orang asing Meskipun Timpora dibentuk dengan leading sector di Imigrasi namun masih ditemui kendala. Kendala tersebut adalah mengenai Surat Izin Penyidik Pegawai Negeri Sipil (PPNS) tidak dapat berlaku di Kantor Imigrasi lain meskipun masih di Bidang Pengawasan dan Penindakan, sarana dan prasarana yang dibutuhkan termasuk dana untuk berproses peradilan yang masih kurang, dan partisipasi masyarakat sangat dibutuhkan.
Successful treatment of cutaneous solid type adenocarcinoma with cryosurgery in a Pekingese dog
Authors: KİBAR Murat , JUMAKANOVA Zarima 
Published: December 2019

The aim of this study is to defined the treatment of cutaneous solid type adenocarcinoma in a Pekingese dog using cryotherapy. A 3.5 years old intact female Pekingese dog was referred to the small animal surgery clinic. The first neoplasm localization was dorsal to the vulva and the others were bilateral to the vulva. The shape of the nodules were circular. The nodule diameters were 1.8, 1.5, and 1.2 cm. In cross section, the nodules were whitish-yellow in colour, of solid consistency, and characterized by thickening of the skin. The probe-based cryosurgical system was used for cryoablation, using local anesthetic as the interface for uniform freezing. Based on histopathological features, the dog was diagnosed with solid type perianal adenocarcinoma. In conclusion, cryosurgery can be a potent alternate treatment for pleasant, nodular perianal cutaneous adenocarcinoma in animals, particularly those not suited for operation, or whose owners refuse to have them undergo operation.
Effect of Characteristics on Adolescent Smoking Knowledge
Authors: Ningsih Eka Sarofah 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRAK Masa remaja bisa jadi masa dimana individu mengkonsumsi rokok, bahwa usia pertama merokok umumnya berkisar antara 11-13 tahun dan mereka pada umumnya merokok sebelum usia 18 tahun. Usia tersebut dikategorikan termasuk dalam rentangan masa remaja.Remaja menjadi salah satu pengguna rokok dengan prevelensi yang terus meningkat. Hal ini dipengaruhi oleh banyak faktor yang juga berkaitan dengan kepribadian dan lingkungan remaja. Perilaku merokok remaja yang dijadikan sebagai identitas dalam interaksi sosial remaja. Baik itu sebagai simbol kejantanan maupun pengakuan. Perilaku merokok yang pada awalnya hanya dilakukan oleh laki-laki dewasa, saat ini menjadi kewajaran bagi kaum remaja.Namun kebiasaan merokok tetap banyak dilakukan oleh remaja, bahkan sudah merambah ke anak-anak dan banyak perokok menyadari resikonya dan termotivasi untuk berhenti merokok, namun mengalami kesulitan untuk berhenti merokok.Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data yaitu dengan wawancara dan observasi. Data yang didapat kemudian digolongkan menjadi dua, yaitu data sekunder dan primer yang kemudian diolah dan disajikan dalam bentuk deskriptif sehingga menggambarkan tentang penelitian secara utuh. Kata kunci : Karakteristik, Pengetahuan, Merokok ABSTRACT Adolescence can be a period where individuals consume cigarettes, that the first age of smoking generally ranges from 11-13 years and they generally smoke before the age of 18 years. This age is categorized as including the range of adolescence.Teenagers become one of the cigarette users with increasing prevalence. This is influenced by many factors that are also related to the personality and environment of adolescents. Adolescent smoking behavior is used as an identity in adolescent social interactions. Whether it is a symbol of virility or recognition. Smoking behavior which was initially only carried out by adult men, is now a reason for adolescents.However, many smoking habits are still carried out by adolescents, even reaching children and many smokers realize the risk and are motivated to quit smoking, but have difficulty stopping smoking.This study uses a qualitative approach with data collection techniques, namely by interview and observation. The data obtained is then classified into two, namely secondary and primary data which are then processed and presented in descriptive form so as to describe the research as a whole. Keywords: characteristics, knowledge, smoking
Analysis of Junior High School Students’ Errors in Solving Mathematical Problems for The Topic of Circle
Authors: Wicaksono Arief Budi , Martyanti Adhetia 
Published: January 2020

This research aims to determine the type and percentage of errors that junior high school students do in solving math problems on the subject of the circles. This research is an expost facto research. The population of this study is all students of grade VIII of one of the junior high schools in Purworejo as many as 182 students. Then by randomly selecting from the entire student, selected as many as 94 students as research samples. Research instruments are used in the form of diagnostic tests. Based on the results of the research, the students’ errors have done in solving math problems on the topic of circle are errors in comprehension (16,93%), transformation (27,39%), operation (26,30%), and drawing conclusion (71,55%). So, the most dominant error done by grade VIII students of one of the junior high schools in Purworejo is an error in the drawing of conclusions. Based on the results of this study, teachers need to design more effective learning to minimize the errors that occur, especially errors in drawing conclusions.
PENGARUH METODE LATIHAN FRONT CONE HOPS TERHADAP POWER OTOT TUNGKAI ATLET REMAJA PUTRA PENCAK SILAT WALET PUTI PEKANBARU
Authors: Mariati Suci , Ramadi Ramadi , Vai Aref 
Published: December 2019

Tujuan dari penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui apakah ada pengaruh latihan Front Cone Hops terhadap power otot tungkai atlet remaja putra Pencak Silat Walet Puti Pekanbaru. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimen dan menggunakan desain penelitian one grup preetest-posttest design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah atlet remaja putra pencak silat Walet Puti Pekanbaru yang berjumlah 10 orang. Adapun teknik sampel yang digunakan adalah total sampling (sampel jenuh) , di mana semua populasi dijadikan sampel. Dengan demikian sampel pada penelitian ini berjumlah 10 orang sampel atlet remaja putra Pencak Silat Walet Puti Pekanbaru. Instrumen yang digunaka adalah Tes Loncat Jauh Tanpa Awalan. Setelah itu, data diolah dengan statistik, untuk menguji normalitas dengan uji liliefors pada taraf signifikan α (0.05). Hipotesis yang diajukan adalah adanya pengaruh latihan Front Cone Hops terhadap Power otot tungkai atlet remaja putra pencak silat Walet Puti Pekanbaru. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, terdapat rata-rata pretest 215,5 dan posttest 222,9 ada peningkatan rata-rata nilai beda sebesar 7,4 dengan uji t bahwa thitung = 8,41 > dari ttabel = 1.83. Berarti thitung> ttabel. Dengan demikian teRdapat pengaruh latihan Front Cone Hops terhadap Power otot tungkai atlet remaja putra pencak silat Walet Puti Pekanbaru.
Spirometryin Smokers and Non-smokers: A Comparative Study
Authors: Shrestha Lava , Mahotra Narayan Bahadur , Rana Binaya Shumsher Jung Bahadur , Banstola Dinesh , Amatya Tara Man , Mahat Barun 
Published: January 2020

Introduction : Spirometry is the process of recording volume of air that moves into and out of the lungs. It is a physiological test that measures how an individual breathes air volumes as a function of time. It provides an objective and quantitative measure of lung function. Smoking produces increase in epithelial damage, cellular inflammatory infiltrates, muscles and fibrosis in respiratory airways and is responsible for acute respiratory illnesses including pneumonia, impaired lung growth, early onset decline in lung function, poor asthma control, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Early identification of reduction in lung function of smokers by spirometry can be very important in order to encourage them to stop smoking.
Methods: This study included a total of 106 individuals, 51 were smokers and55 were non-smokers. The participants performed spirometry in the sitting position by open circuit method. Parameters of spirometry FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC and PEFR were recorded collected in the form of percentage of predicted.
Results: The mean FVC in smokers and non-smokers were 99.98±9.88% and 102.97±8.03% respectively (p=0.092). The mean FEV1 in smokers and non-smokers were 99.65±9.61% and 104.58±10.03% respectively (p=0.011). The mean FEV1/FVC ratio in smokers and non-smokers were 103.25±4.60% and 105.57±5.10% respectively (p=0.016). The mean PEFR in smokers and non-smokers were 102.11±8.40% and 106.01±10.62% respectively (p=0.038).
Conclusion: The spirometry parameters of pulmonary function were better in non-smoker group. Spirometry can be useful in detecting reduction in pulmonary function before appearance of any symptoms or before pulmonary functions become significantly abnormal.
COOPERACIÓN INTERNACIONAL Y SEGURIDAD CIUDADANA EN LA REPÚBLICA DOMINICANA
Authors: Arraya Lucy Margarita 
Published: December 2019

<p>El presente ensayo enfoca el tema de la cooperación internacional destinada al apoyo de políticas, estrategias y medidas necesarias para garantizar la seguridad ciudadana. Tema del cual se ha hablado y escrito bastante; sin embargo, sigue siendo de vigente preocupación, estudio y análisis, en razón de las vulnerabilidades que presentan las sociedades actuales ante los nuevos tipos de violencia, crímenes y delitos. La cooperación en este sentido, representa un valioso aporte que se suma a los esfuerzos que vienen realizando los países y organismos internacionales cooperantes, en favor de la reducción de los índices que reflejan la inseguridad ciudadana, con miras a fortalecer el desarrollo normal y sano hacia lo interno de los Estados miembros de la comunidad internacional. En este trabajo, se hace una mirada investigativa a la evolución de la cooperación internacional en la República Dominicana, de manera especial, la que ha sido enfocada a la seguridad ciudadana. En ese sentido, se analizaron las iniciativas que han contribuido a reducir los factores de riesgo, a fortalecer la institucionalidad, el fomento de la inclusión social y las que han contribuido a la promoción de una cultura de paz. Asimismo, se han tomado en cuenta los retos que aún persisten, pese al importante aporte económico y humano que a través de la cooperación internacional se han obtenido para garantizar la seguridad ciudadana y el desarrollo humano en el país. Pero es dable reconocer que, en el mundo globalizado que vivimos, el fenómeno de la movilización de individuos de distintos puntos geográficos a otros escenarios, conllevan a un mundo heterogéneo de múltiples vertientes: delincuencia organizada, grupos terroristas, redes de narcotráfico, tráfico de armas y de personas, redes de contrabando a gran escala, entre otros, que constituyen la principal amenaza a la seguridad ciudadana. Finalmente, se concluye en la importancia de desarrollar acciones conjuntas y, del necesario apoyo de la cooperación internacional para combatir la inseguridad ciudadana.</p>
TINJAUAN PELAKSANAAN PEMBELAJARAN REMEDIAL PADA MATA PELAJARAN FISIKA KELAS VIII SMP XAVERIUS LUBUKLINGGAU
Authors: Uskarina Meyumi 
Published: December 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pelaksanaan pembelajaran remedial yang dilakukan guru fisika di SMP Xaverius Lubuklinggau dan untuk mengetahui kendala yang dialami guru dalam pelaksanaan pembelajaran remedial. Masalah penelitian ini adalah bagaimanakah pelaksanaan pembelajaran remedial pada mata pelajaran fisika di SMP Xaverius Lubuklinggau?. Apakah kendala yang dialami pelaksanaan remedial?.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif, yakni metode yang mendeskripsikan data data penelitian, mengklasifikasikan dan menginterpretasikan data hasil penelitian. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara angket dan dokumentasi. Dari hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa aktivitas siswa pada saat remedial termasuk kurang dilihat dari ketidakseriusan siswa dalam pelaksanaan remedial. Kesulitan siswa dalam belajar fisika bermacam-macam. Hal yang menyebabkan kesulitan siswa dalam belajar fisika adalah siswa yang belum menguasai materi yang diajarkan oleh guru, kurang maksimalnya guru dalam memberi materi kepada siswa. Tetapi faktor yang menyebabkan kesulitan belajar siswa disebabkan dari dalam diri siswa itu sendiri. Hasil penelitian ini juga menunjukan bahwa metode pelaksanaan remedial yang dilakukan guru fisika di SMP Xaverius adalah berbentuk tugas. Kendala yang dialami oleh guru dalam pelaksanaan remedial adalah ketidakseriusan siswa mengikuti remedial yaitu masih ada siswa yang tidak hadir saat pelaksanaan remedial.
Nivel intermedio del sistema escolar en Chile: normativa y visión de los sostenedores sobre funciones, preparación para el cargo y las prácticas
Authors: Raczynski Dagmar , Rivero Rosario , Yañez Teresa 
Published: December 2019

The international research defines the characteristics of effective middle leaders that boost school improvement and student learning. In Chile, middle leaders, called sostenedores, are moving from a position where their role was administrative to one where they have an instructional and pedagogical role as leaders. After presenting an overview of several educational laws and regulations that have outlined the administrator, or superintendent's' role, , this article shows the results of a survey applied to superintendent's that provides information about their functions, how important they are to them, the time that they spend on different activities, the evaluation of their own preparation to deal with the new assignments and the pedagogical and instructional support that they provide their schools. The results reveal that superintendent's still attribute greater importance and dedicate more time to the administrative functions. While they consider leading pedagogical and instructional issues to be important, they spend less time on them and perceive themselves to be less prepared to execute them. The article concludes highlighting the urgency of training superintendent's on the subjects expected, specifically for those who work in public schools considering the recently created figure of Local Educational Services.