bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Artificial Intelligence in Neuroanesthesiology and Neurocritical Care
Authors: Rajagopalan Vanitha , Kulkarni Dilip K. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractArtificial intelligence (AI) already influences almost every sector of our daily life, including the rapidly evolving technologies and datasets of healthcare delivery. The applications in medicine have significantly evolved over the past few decades and have shown promising results. Despite constant efforts to incorporate AI into the field of anesthesiology since its inception, it is still not commonplace. Neuroanesthesiology and neurocritical care is a discipline of medicine that deals with patients having disorders of the nervous system comprising a complex combination of both medical and surgical disease conditions. AI can be used for better monitoring, treatment, and outcome prediction, thereby reducing healthcare costs, minimizing delays in patient management, and avoiding medical errors. In this review, we have discussed the applications of AI and its potential in aiding the clinician’s judgment in several aspects of neuroanesthesiology and neurocritical care, some of the barriers to its implementation, and the future trends in improving education in this field, all of which will require further work to understand its exact scope.
Contemporary Surgical Management of Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Gunn Tyler M. , London Tessa E. , Saha Sibu P. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAtrial fibrillation is a common arrhythmia which may cause symptoms that significantly impact quality of life and is associated with increased risk of stroke, heart failure, and sudden death. Over the past three decades many surgical techniques as well as catheter-bases procedures have been developed to treat atrial fibrillation. In this review we describe the indications, treatments, outcomes, surgical techniques, and technical advances reported in the literature.
Serratus Anterior Plane Block and Intercostal Nerve Block after Thoracoscopic Surgery
Authors: Kim Saeyoung , Bae Chae-Min , Do Young Woo , Moon Suyoung , Baek Seung Ik , Lee Deok Heon 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background This study aimed to compare the postoperative analgesic effect between ultrasound-guided serratus anterior plane block (Group S, SAPB) and intercostal nerve block (Group I, ICNB) after single port video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (S-VATS) in primary spontaneous pneumothorax.
Methods In this prospective randomized controlled study, 54 patients were randomly assigned to two groups. Patients in Group S underwent the SAPB before the surgical drape by an anesthesiologist, and in Group I, ICNBs were performed just before the wound closure after S-VATS by an attending thoracic surgeon. The primary outcome was the numeric pain rating scale (NRS) score given by the patients for pain at the surgical incision site. NRS was assessed during resting and coughing statuses at 3, 6, and 12 hours postoperatively and at the time of the chest tube removal. The secondary outcomes included the number of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and opioid administration until time to chest tube removal.
Results There were no statistical differences between the two groups regarding age, body mass index, duration of operation, duration of anesthesia, and average NRS scores for the assigned time periods. There was no statistical significance in the number of opioid injections; however, NSAIDs were administered 2.8 times per patient in Group I, and 1.9 times per patient in Group S (p = 0.038).
Conclusion In the patients who underwent S-VATS with primary spontaneous pneumothorax, the SAPB provided similar postoperative pain relief with reducing the NSAIDs consumption compared with ICNB.
The development of the perfect in selected Middle and New Germanic languages
Authors: Fischer Hanna 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This article gives an overview of the most important similarities and differences in perfect constructions
in modern Germanic languages. The focus is on the German present perfect form and its developments, which will be compared
with the perfect constructions of English and Dutch (West Germanic) and Swedish (North Germanic) throughout. First, I
introduce and compare the perfect forms in a selection of modern Germanic languages. I then focus on the emergence and
development of the German perfect, before I compare the degrees of perfect expansion in the languages under investigation. In
a final step, I investigate some of the consequences of the described processes: i.e. the loss of the German preterite form
(Präteritumschwund), the emergence of the double perfect constructions in German substandard varieties,
and the re-introduction of a semantic opposition in English.
Perfects in Baltic and Slavic
Authors: Arkadiev Peter M. , Wiemer Björn 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This survey presents a comprehensive account of perfect constructions (based on an anteriority participle
and an often optional auxiliary) in Baltic and Slavic over space and time, including dialects and high-contact minority
varieties. Based on a classification by participle types and their combinations with be- and have-verbs, it
provides a systematic check of renowned functions of perfect grams and evaluates accepted parameters of grammaticalisation.
The most consistent common denominator of perfects in Baltic and Slavic lies in the irrelevance of most such parameters but an
increase in admissible lexical input and a decrease in paradigmatic variability. The two most salient differences between
Slavic and Baltic are (i) the high level of stability of voice orientation of participles in Baltic vs. the diathetic lability
and repeated changes in voice orientation in Slavic, and (ii) stable systems of perfects of likely great antiquity in Baltic
vs. the lack of consistently employed perfect systems in most Slavic languages.
The synthetic perfect from Indo-Iranian to Late Vedic
Authors: Dahl Eystein 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This paper outlines the origin and development of the synthetic Perfect from Indo-Iranian, the
reconstructed common ancestral stage of the Iranian and Indo-Aryan languages, to Vedic, the oldest attested stage of Old
Indo-Aryan. Comparative evidence from Old Iranian, Homeric Greek and a number of other Indo-European languages shows that this
morphological category ultimately originates from Proto-Indo-European. In the course of its history, the synthetic Perfect
develops from a P-oriented stative construction in Indo-European, via an anterior construction in Indo-Iranian to a general
past tense with an emerging indirect evidential sense in Old Indo-Aryan. The present contribution highlights the various
stages of development reflected in Vedic, but it also includes reference to the Indo-Iranian prehistory of the Vedic Perfect,
as well as to its demise in later stages of Indo-Aryan. The development of the Indo-Iranian Perfect indicates that anterior
categories tend to be rather unstable diachronically.
The perfect in Classical Armenian
Authors: Kölligan Daniel 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The paper discusses the syntax and semantics of the perfect and pluperfect of Classical Armenian. While A
is usually marked for genitive, S may be marked for nominative or genitive. The perfect of terminative unaccusative verbs
(‘fall’, ‘come’) describes the state of the subject after the event has reached its endpoint (‘be fallen, lie’, ‘have come, be
present’). In two-place predicates the majority of perfects occur in a single-actant construction describing the resulting
state of the object of the active clause (‘weave’ → ‘is woven’). If the underlying A is present as oblique subject in the
genitive and the resulting state of O is backgrounded, the perfect may depict A as responsible for the event
(‘characterizing’), or as being affected more than O (‘possessive’). Cases without a clear target state may have triggered the
development of the perfect into a resultative in the modern language denoting present relevance of a preceding state of
affairs.
The Gothic perfective constructions in contrast to West Germanic
Authors: Kotin Michail L. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The paper deals with selected questions of ‘perfectivity’ as both aspect and tense function in Gothic in
comparison with old and contemporary West Germanic languages. Perfectivity is treated as a functional category which
originated in verbal aspect, but which has been re-analysed in many languages which have lost aspect as a grammatically marked
opposition. In old East Germanic (Gothic), the prefix ga- originally marking terminative
aktionsart was grammaticalised as the marker of perfective aspect. This is still reflected in Gothic, but
lost in West Germanic. Hence, the development of perfectivity in Old Germanic is connected with the development of perfective
aspect. However, in old West Germanic languages comparable prefixed compounds have already lost their aspect-marking function
and could be used as general semantic modifiers of related simplex verbs. Beside the perfective-marking prefix, perfectivity
also could be encoded by means of periphrastic forms, which gradually developed from aspect to tense function, so that in
contemporary West Germanic languages aspectual (perfective) readings of periphrastic constructions are extremely
peripheral.
The perfect system in Ancient Greek
Authors: Crellin Robert 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The present paper surveys the diachronic development of the Ancient Greek perfect in four periods:
Mycenaean, Archaic, Classical and post-Classical. At each stage the semantic evaluation of perfect is assessed in the context
of the semantics of its predicate. While generally confirming the standard picture of increasing anteriority and past
reference in the perfect correlating with greater numbers of verbs able to form perfects, the present study contributes
empirical data to support this assertion. The article traces the growing paradigmatisation of the perfect form throughout its
history. However, this development is not linear. Instead in the post-Classical language we witness a bifurcation along
diglossic lines, with the literary language remaining much more conservative in terms of the perfect’s semantic range, while
in lower-register material the perfect increasingly competes with the aorist to denote perfective semantics.
The perfect in Medieval and Modern Greek
Authors: Horrocks Geoffrey C. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The present-anterior/stative function of the ancient perfect placed it outside the core verbal system,
which was organised around a binary (perfective/imperfective) aspectual opposition. By the early middle ages the increasingly
marginal perfect had disappeared as a functionally discrete category, its role subsumed by the aorist (past perfective), and
the notion of continuing relevance determined contextually. The rare pluperfect was also abandoned, though periphrastic
replacements continued the overt, if optional, expression of relative-past meaning, a function later strengthened by contact
with Romance. A perfect counterpart appeared only in modern times, however, functioning as a past perfective with a compulsory
current-relevance reading, but remaining optional in that the aorist still carries present-anterior implications in
appropriate contexts. Other periphrases were introduced in later antiquity specifically to express stativity. Most have
continued in stative function into Modern Greek, though intense contact with Latin/Romance also encouraged present-anterior
and relative-past functions locally at various times.
The perfect system of Old Albanian (Geg variety)
Authors: Schumacher Stefan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The Old Geg perfect system has a morphology resembling that of neighbouring Romance perfects (‘have’/‘be’
+ past participle). It is a major sub-system of the verbal system, using nearly all synthetic forms of the auxiliary.
Moreover, there are surcomposé forms. The present perfect usually has a resultative or existential reading,
other readings being very rare. The past tenses of the perfect system indicate anteriority to a reference point in past time.
Among the surcomposé forms, there is a pluperfect of the perfect, which indicates a second, deeper layer of
anteriority. The non-indicative forms of the perfect system serve as past-tense counterparts to the respective non-indicative
categories of the synthetic verbal system. Finally, the Old Geg present perfect gives rise to the so-called admirative, a
present expressing the speaker’s surprise, disbelief, irony or doubt, or his or her unwillingness to vouch for the truth of
the statement given.
The perfect system in Latin
Authors: Crellin Robert 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The Latin perfect system is argued to denote that an eventuality described by a predicate terminates prior
to some moment in time, whether utterance time in the case of the ‘present’ perfect, or reference/topic time, in the case of
the perfect infinitive, past and future forms. The ‘present’ perfect is argued to function as a perfective, while the past,
future and infinitive perfect are argued to denote anteriority. Additional conditions are considered in order to explain the
behaviour with state and achievement predicates. The participle in *-to- generally denotes that an
eventuality described by the predicate terminates prior to topic time, as well as that an event’s poststate (if any) holds at
topic time. As such the participle is generally passive in diathetical orientation, although there are exceptions. In certain
kinds of predicate, namely those describing extent and mental state, the perfect loses direct reference to a prior event and
refers only to an eventuality’s poststate.
Calquing a quirk
Authors: Drinka Bridget 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The have-perfect, found almost exclusively in western Europe, has been identified as a “European
quirk, unparalleled elsewhere in the world” (Cysouw 2011: 425). The spread of this
highly marked construction to adjacent varieties provides us with an exceptional opportunity to observe the conditions under
which this calquing occurred, and to assess the role of external as well as internal factors in the adoption of this structure
in closely-related, distantly-related, and unrelated languages. After a general overview of the distribution of
have-perfect calques across Europe, three representative instances are presented: Old High German and Old Saxon,
Portuguese, and Czech. These examples illustrate, respectively, three important principles of social conditioning connected
with the grammatical calquing: the role of prestige in the operation of ‘roofing’, the linguistic repercussions of political
and confessional realignment, and the capacity of social motivation to outweigh internal linguistic factors.
The perfect in context in texts in English, Sistani Balochi and New Testament Greek
Authors: Levinsohn Stephen H. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
English and Sistani Balochi are tense-prominent languages, and use the perfect mainly to elaborate on an
existing topic by referring to a past state of affairs that is of relevance to that topic. English perfects also introduce new
topics that the speaker wishes to address, while Balochi uses perfects with a mirative to introduce entities to a narrative
and as a forward-pointing device in orienters that introduce reported speeches. New Testament Greek is aspect-prominent, which
partly explains why English translates some Greek aorists (perfectives) with perfects. The Greek perfect often introduces
restatements of past events or speeches. In passages with aorist-perfect alternation, it is also used in a marked way with
added implicatures. Towards the end of a passage, assertions in the perfect often clinch the argument and/or are climactic.
Near the beginning of a narrative passage, in contrast, the perfect, as in Balochi, is a forward-pointing device, highlighting
what follows.
Indo-European perfects in typological perspective
Authors: Dahl Östen 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This chapter looks at Indo-European perfects in the light of recent typological research on TAME
(tense-aspect-mood-evidentiality), in particular the work done at the Department of Linguistics at Stockholm University with
the help of massive parallel corpora. The chapter starts with a survey of data sources and methods for multilingual linguistic
research. Parameters of variation among perfects, both within Indo-European and elsewhere, are discussed: negated experiential
uses, universal uses, combinations with definite time adverbials and words like ‘just’. Incipient grammaticalization of words
for ‘already’ in the Indo-European languages is also considered.
Development of deontic modality in Chinese civil laws
Authors: Gong Mingyu , Cheng Winnie , Cheng Le 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In legislative texts, deontic modality helps define rights, privileges, obligations, and responsibilities. Based
on a corpus of Chinese civil laws from 1949 to 2015, the study investigates the development of deontic modality in Chinese civil
legislative discourse and examines the variations of deontic modality diachronically from a quantitative, functional perspective,
thereby shedding lights on variations of legal text. This study shows that patterns of deontic modality manifest different
features in different stages. The changes of linguistic forms of deontic modality show evidence of the adaptive feature in legal
language. From a quantitative perspective, the study suggests that a corpus-driven approach helps examine the development and
evolution of deontic modality diachronically. It also contributes to an understanding of deontic modality mechanisms by providing
both empirical evidence and theoretical insights.
The freshman swimmer and the intoxicated woman
Authors: Viehbeck Vanessa 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis article investigates the linguistic manifestations of gender discriminating stereotypes in the news coverage of the 2015 rape case “People v. Turner”. The case centers around a rape perpetrated by Brock Turner on the Stanford University campus in California. Articles from the online edition of theStanford Dailyare systematically analysed with respect to rape-myth consistent argumentation, amount of coverage granted to the perspectives of victim and perpetrator, naming/labelling of victim and perpetrator, and the transitivity choices that were made. All these factors can be identified in the news coverage of the Brock Turner case in one way or another. They result in victim blaming and mitigating perpetrator responsibility serving to show that sexist reporting is still an important issue where serious crimes like rape are concerned. Such linguistic practices re-victimise victims of sexist violence and ultimately contribute to a misogynist discourse and the reproduction and perpetuation of sexist stereotypes.
Communicative problems in Boeing’s advertisement campaign for the combat aircraft Super Hornet
Authors: Kjærbeck Susanne , Nielsen Niels Møller 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This article focuses on an advertisement campaign run in Danish national newspapers promoting Boeing’s combat aircraft F 18 Super Hornet. The campaign received extensive media attention due to its scale and unconventional methods. On the basis of pragmatic text analysis we describe three features in the advertisements: Genre problems, a controversial depiction of sender and recipient, and problems relating to argumentation. We conclude that (1) the analyzed text is predominantly commercial in intent, although framed as information by a sender position that is partly ambiguous in terms of identity, and (2) the campaign’s main arguments are flawed, since decisive justification is not accessible. Based on the findings, the conclusion suggests that the campaign is best understood as a hybrid between public relations and public affairs.
Instrumental and moral assistance
Authors: Krummheuer Antonia L. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe present paper takes an ethnomethodological and conversation analytical perspective on assisted shopping as it is done by a person with acquired brain injury in collaboration with her caregiver. My interest is directed towards the interactional and embodied organization of the situated selecting and decision-making processes, while I am aiming to understand the interactional organization of assistance and agency. The embodied interaction analysis is based on two video-recorded examples in which a caregiver treats the institutional resident’s shopping choice as either unproblematic or undesirable. I will differentiate five phases in which the participants systematically organize the selection process. In these phases, the participants take different roles either as shopper or as assistant caregiver; as to the later, I will distinguish between moral and instrumental assistance. The analysis demonstrates an inherent tension in the assistance during shopping activities, as it is oriented to both the incompetence that justifies the need for assistance and to the interactional construction of a competent and independent shopper.
Government of oneself and others via a Facebook profile
Authors: Mokrzan Michał 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe thesis of this article is that neoliberal governmentality, rather than means of coercion, uses various means of persuasion and ethical obligation. This is demonstrated by analyzing the discourse of the “Dr Mateusz Grzesiak” Facebook profile. It encourages individuals to utilize personal development techniques and promotes the neoliberal concept of the subject. Thus, this article explores the ideas proposed within studies of governmentality and supplements them with the perspectives offered by rhetoric culture theory. The profile of one of Poland’s most recognizable personal development coaches can be seen as a materialisation of neoliberal governmentality as well as a symbolic system used as an instrument of persuasion. It can be analysed through the dramatistic approach proposed by Kenneth Burke as well as the Aristotelian idea of ethos, Jean Nienkamp’s notions of internal and external rhetoric, and the concept of argumentation by model and example proposed by Chaïm Perelman.
Gold extraction via cyanide leaching using alkaline-based empty fruit bunch activated carbon
Authors: Shafie Nurul Shahiera , Zaini Nabilah , Ali Nurul Farahanim 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This research is carried out to extend the knowledge on the modernized method of modifying the physical and structural properties of empty fruit bunches (EFB), a low-cost, highly accessible and abundant agricultural waste in Malaysia, for gold adsorption process. To complete this aim, EFB was modified by using an alkaline-based chemical to improve the surface area, porosity volume and surface chemistry of sorbents. The structure of the empty fruit bunch is characterized by using characterization techniques such as Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Energy-Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The gold solution was prepared by mixing gold with a sodium cyanide solution to undergo a leaching process for 24 hours. The solution was then used for the adsorption experiment. The performance of the alkaline-based EFB-AC to separate gold from the cyanide leaching solution was further studied on the effect of contact time, pH and agitation rate. The gold adsorption capacity achieved by the alkaline-based EFB-AC was measured by calculating the difference between the initial and final gold concentrations using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS). The maximum gold adsorption capacity findings of contact time, pH, and agitation rate were found to be 2.5 hours, pH of 10 and 60 rpm, respectively. This study reveals that the alkaline-based EFB-AC has the potential to extract gold as an alternative activated carbon in the gold adsorption process.