bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The topographic bias in gravimetric geoid determination revisited
Authors: Sjöberg Lars E. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The topographic potential bias at geoid level is the error of the analytically continued geopotential from or above the Earth’s surface to the geoid. We show that the topographic potential can be expressed as the sum of two Bouguer shell components, where the density distribution of one is spherical symmetric and the other is harmonic at any point along the normal to a sphere through the computation point. As a harmonic potential does not affect the bias, the resulting topographic bias is that of the first component, i.e. the spherical symmetric Bouguer shell. This implies that the so-called terrain potential is not likely to contribute significantly to the bias. We present three examples of the geoid bias for different topographic density distributions.
Spin-orbital exclusion principle and the periodic system
Authors: Vyatkin Viktor 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Groups of electrons, radial with respect to the atomic nucleus and with the same value of the orbital quantum number and the same number on the subshell, are considered. A spin-orbital exclusion principle is established, regulating the spin value distribution on the subshells with the same value of the orbital number. According to this principle, all subshells are divided into positive and negative ones, depending on the direction of the spin of their first electron. It is found that, in the real sequence of the appearance of new subshells, a spin-orbital periodicity takes place, which develops in cycles consisting of two periods that are mirror-symmetric to each other in the direction of the spin of their electrons. Moreover, atomic number of any period is equal to the sum of the principal and orbital quantum numbers of its subshells, and this can serve as an explanation for the Madelung rule. It is demonstrated that Mendeleev’s chemical periodicity lags behind the spin-orbital periodicity by two elements and repeats its structure. From these positions, the absence of a pair in the first period of Mendeleev’s table and the pairing of all its other periods are explained. Based on the obtained results, an eight-period table of elements, the prototype of which being Janet’s left-step table, is compiled and briefly described.
Visible-light photoredox catalysis with [Ru(bpy)3]2+: General principles and the twentieth-century roots
Authors: Teplý Filip 
Published: December 2019

AbstractDevelopments in the field of visible-light photoredox catalysis have considerably enriched toolbox of preparative organic chemists in recent years. This fast-growing area of research has emerged after seminal studies mainly by MacMillan, Yoon, and Stephenson groups were published in 2008 and 2009. This chapter focuses on the twentieth-century roots of photoredox catalysis with [Ru(bpy)3]2+, and the key properties of this species are briefly summarized.
Stray light autocorrelation for the measurement of ultrashort laser pulses
Authors: Rother Anne-Sophie , Kohns Peter , Ankerhold Georg 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Ultrashort laser pulses in the femtosecond range are of growing interest in medicine and micro material processing for industrial applications. The most interesting parameter is the pulse duration, which can only be measured by optical autocorrelation methods incorporating an optically nonlinear medium. Established methods mostly use monocrystalline beta barium borate (BBO) in transmission, exhibiting a high nonlinear conversion efficiency. However, this material is brittle, expensive and sophisticated in adjustment due to the necessary non-collinear phase matching. Since fiber-based high energy femtosecond laser systems become more and more achievable, the conversion efficiency of the nonlinear medium should no longer be seen as the restricting factor. Therefore, this research work discusses the suitability of several nonlinear media with differing translucency. Quartz, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP) and aluminum nitride (AlN) were compared in a standard autocorrelation setup and a novel versatile setup measuring frequency-doubled stray light. Best results were achieved with AlN, which appears to be a suitable and promising alternative material to BBO, reducing the expenses by two to three orders of magnitude.
Manasszé imája: szerkezet és biblikus háttér
Authors: Xeravits Géza 
Published: December 2019

Összegzés

Manasszé imája egy jól szerkesztett könyörgés. Mondanivalójának megértését szerkezete is segíti. A szerkezet nem mutat olyan sajátosságokat, amik alapján arra lehetne következtetni, hogy a mű fent elemzett szövege nem az eredeti lenne.
A korai zsidóság egyik kedvelt irodalmi eszköze továbbá, hogy előszeretettel építi írásműveit már létező tekintélyi szövegek kínálta panelekből. Ez egyes iratoknál egész extrém mértékű lehet,15 más esetekben csekély. Az ilyen referenciaszövegek felhasználásával egy adott mű szerzője nyilvánvalóvá teszi, mely szellemi hagyományok fontosak számára, másfelől írása tekintélyét is növeli. Manasszé imájának szerzője ezeket az intertexteket az Ószövetség minden részéből válogatja, leggyakrabban azonban a Zsoltárokra hivatkozik, ami minden bizonnyal a mű költői formájából következik.
The Clinical Impact of Cancer Stem Cells
Authors: Lathia Justin , Liu Huiping , Matei Daniela 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Patients with cancer can go though many stages in their disease, including diagnosis, recurrence, metastasis, and treatment failure. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a subgroup of cells within tumors that may explain the mechanism by which tumors recur and progress. CSCs can both self-renew and produce progenitor cells of more differentiated cancer cells as well as heterogeneously demonstrate resistance and the abilities to migrate and metastasize. These “stemness” characteristics are often the result of dysregulation of one or more pathways, which can be detected by various biomarkers. Although there has been considerable laboratory research conducted on CSCs, its relevance to the practicing oncologist may seem questionable. We sought to determine the clinical impact of CSCs on patients. A systematic literature search was conducted to identify analyses containing survival information based on the expression of known CSC biomarkers in any cancer. Overall, 234 survival analyses were identified, of which 82% reported that high expression of CSC biomarker(s) resulted in poor overall survival and/or disease-free survival compared with low or no expression of the biomarker. Elevated stemness biomarker levels were also associated with decreased tumor differentiation, altered TNM stage, and increased metastasis. This analysis would suggest that CSCs have a clinical impact on patients and that practicing oncologists need to start considering incorporating CSC-targeting therapies into their patients’ treatment regimens.
The Role and Application of Picture Books in Pre-school Practice
Authors: Novović Tatjana , Popović Dušanka 
Published: December 2019

Picture books occupy an important place in the life of a child both in family and in school. As a unique combination of illustration and text in a pedagogical mode, picture books teach, incite creative imagination and enrich the cognitive and socio-emotional world of a child. The goal of our research is increase understanding the place and the role of genre diverse picture books in Montenegrin pre-schools in the current context. Pre-school teachers noted key challenges in the use of picture books in pre-school practice in general and singled out proposals for more efficient application. In this paper, we deal with parents’ participation in mediating picture books` content and values to pre-schoolers. We took our research sample from the population of teachers in pre-schools of central, northern and southern region of Montenegro. Our research included 209 pre-school teachers from five kindergartens and 93 respondents from the three institutions, which we interviewed during the seminars. We combined elements of both quantitative and qualitative surveying and interviewing.
Our research indicates a significant and continued use of genre-diverse picture books, but also an absence of new titles, technical support in the selection of high-quality books, domestic authors and vague criteria in the selection of books, as well as a lack of parental involvement in the selection of books.
The Importance of Distinguishing Pseudoresonances and Outcrop Resonances in Downhole Array Data
Authors: Tao Yumeng , Rathje Ellen 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTThis short note examines the downgoing wave effect and the appearance of pseudoresonances in downhole array data. It is demonstrated that pseudoresonances, distinct from the resonances associated with outcrop conditions, occur for sites with a shallow velocity contrast (VC) or with little to no VC. An approach is outlined to distinguish pseudoresonances from outcrop resonances using the theoretical 1D transfer functions for within and outcrop boundary conditions, as well as the horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio. This approach is applied to hypothetical shear-wave velocity profiles, as well as three downhole array sites. We establish the importance of distinguishing pseudoresonances from outcrop resonances when using downhole array data to evaluate the accuracy of the 1D site response. For the example downhole array sites shown, the pseudoresonances are not captured well by 1D analysis, whereas the outcrop resonances are captured well. We propose that when evaluating the accuracy of 1D site-response analysis using downhole array data, the comparisons of the empirical and theoretical responses only consider the frequency range associated with outcrop resonances.
PENGARUH STRUKTUR MODAL TERHADAP PROFITABILITAS KOPERASI PEGAWAI REPUBLIK INDONESIA (KPRI)
Authors: Endah Ismawati Nissya , Winarno Agung 
Published: December 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh debt to asset ratio (DAR) dan debt to equity ratio (DER) terhadap ROA. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif asosiatif kausalitas. Objek penelitian adalah 62 Koperasi Pegawai Republik Indonesia (KPRI) di Kota Malang. Analisis data menggunakan regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa, ROA cenderung menurun namun masih dalam kategori efisien dalam menghasilkan laba. DAR cenderung menurun namun masih dalam kategori efisien dalam penggunaan utang. Sedangkan DER cenderung meningkat namun masih dalam kategori efisien dalam penggunaan utang. DAR berpengaruh negatif terhadap ROA sedangkan DER tidak berpengaruh terhadap ROA.
Uma tesoura de Althusser Iana do processo sem Sujet ni Fin (s)
Authors: Lanciote Diego Ramos 
Published: December 2019

Esta escritura trata da tese althusseriana do procès sans Sujet ni Fin(s) e, para tanto, proponho uma leitura de alguns escritos de Althusser que sinalizam esta tese, a saber, Réponse à John Lewis, Sur le rapport de Marx à Hegel e Lénine devant Hegel. Tal percurso finda-se por um exemplum na escritura tardia de Marx a fim de solidificar a tese em questão.
BIOEROSION ON SPINICAUDATA SHELLS FROM A TRIASSIC FRESHWATER PALEOLAKE, MENDOZA, ARGENTINA
Authors: ESCALONA EVELYN LUZ BUSTOS , MANCUSO ADRIANA CECILIA , BENAVENTE CECILIA ANDREA 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTBioerosion by microorganisms is termed microbioerosion. In aquatic systems, microbioerosion affects various substrates, most commonly relatively soluble ones such as sulfates, phosphates, and carbonates. However, the record of microbioerosion in fossil calcareous organisms in lake environments is limited. In northern Mendoza Province, at the locality Paramillos de Uspallata, Triassic sedimentary rocks outcrop, including the Agua de la Zorra Formation, which was deposited in a deltaic and lacustrine system. This study assesses possible bioerosion by microorganisms on spinicaudata shells from the lacustrine sequence and discusses their preservation potential in lacustrine environments. Spinicaudatans from the Agua de la Zorra Formation were analyzed under a binocular microscope and via scanning electron microscopy. Traces, the product of microbioerosion, preserved as molds, were assigned as Type 1 and 2 and were then compared with those generated by cyanobacteria, bacteria, chlorophyte, and fungi that inhabit fresh and brackish water environments. Microbioerosion occurs post-mortem and enhances dissolution of the spinicaudata shells. This, together with bias in extraction methodologies and sampling, is considered the reason for the rarity of spinicaudatans with traces of bioerosion in the lacustrine record.
Food Insecurity among Women of Reproductive Age in Nepal: Prevalence and Correlates
Authors: Pandey Shanta , Fusaro Vincent 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Background Food insecurity is widely prevalent in certain sections of society in low and middle income countries. The United Nations has challenged all member countries to eliminate hunger for all people by 2030. This study examines the prevalence and correlates of household food insecurity among women, especially Dalit women of reproductive age in Nepal. Methods Data came from 2016 Nepal Demographic Health Survey, a cross-sectional, nationally representative survey that included 12,862 women between 15 and 49 years of age of which 12% were Dalit. Descriptive analysis was used to assess the prevalence of household food insecurity while logistic regression examined the relationship between women’s ethnicity and the risk of food insecurity after accounting for demographic, economic, cultural, and geo-ecological characteristics. Results About 56% of all women and 76% of Dalit women had experienced food insecurity. Ethnicity is strongly related to food insecurity. Dalit women were most likely to be food insecure, even after accounting for factors such as education and wealth. They were 82%, 85%, 89% and 92% more vulnerable to food insecurity than Muslims, Brahmin/Chhetri, Terai Indigenous, and Hill Indigenous populations, respectively. Education was a protective factor—women with secondary education (6th to 10th grade) were 39% less likely to be food insecure compared to their counterparts without education. With a more than 10th grade education, women were 2.27 times more likely to be food secure compared to their counterparts without education. Marriage was also protective. Economically, household wealth is inversely correlated with food insecurity. Finally, residence in the Mid-Western, Far-Western and Central Development regions was correlated with food insecurity. Conclusion To reduce food insecurity in Nepal, interventions should focus on improving women’s education and wealth, especially among Dalit and those residing in the Far- and Mid-Western regions.
C28-induced autophagy of female germline stem cells in vitro and its potential mechanisms
Authors: Hu Rong , Pei Xiuying , Zhou Huchen , Wu Ji , Chen Ping , Zhao Xinyan , Tian Geng G. , Yuan Xiaoyan , Li Xinyue , Li Zezhong , Yu Xiaoli , Wang Yanrong 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

BackgroundThere are few studies indicating that small molecular compounds affect the proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and autophagy of female germline stem cells (FGSCs). However, the epigenetic regulatory mechanism of small molecular compounds that induce autophagy in FGSCs remains unknown.ResultsIn this study, we found that C28 reduced the viability and proliferation of FGSCs, respectively. Additionally, western blotting showed that the expression of autophagy marker light chain 3 beta II (LC3B-II) was significantly increased and expression of sequestosome-1 (SQSTM1) was significantly reduced in C28-treated groups. Immunofluorescence showed that, in C28-treated groups, the number of LC3B-II-positive puncta was increased significantly. These results indicated that C28 induced autophagy of FGSCs in vitro. ChIP-seq data showed that autophagy-related biological processes such as regulation of mitochondrial membrane potential, Golgi vesicle transport, and cellular response to reactive oxygen species were enriched. In addition, RNA-Seq showed that the expression of genes (Trib3, DDIT3, and ATF4) related to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was enhanced by C28.ConclusionC28 could induce FGSC autophagy in vitro leading to a decrease in the number of FGSCs. H3K27ac and ER stress might play roles in C28-induced autophagy of FGSCs in vitro.
BMP2 Signaling Activation Enhances Bone Metastases of None-small-cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Huang Fei , Cao Yaqiang , Wu Gui , Chen Junying , Lin Wanzun , Lan Ruilong , Wu Bing , Xie Xianhe , Hong Jinsheng , Fu Lengxi 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Distant metastases occur when none-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is at late stages. Bone metastasis is one of the most frequent metastases of NSCLC and leads to poor prognosis. It has been reported that high expression of BMP2 in NSCLC indicates poor survival, but whether BMP2 contributes to NSCLC bone metastasis remains largely unknown. Thus, we focus on the effects of BMP2 on NSCLC bone metastasis. Methods: Lewis lung carcinoma cells (LLCs) are injected into tail veins of C57/BL6 mice to establish lung and bone metastases models. The signaling pathway activation of LLC bone metastasis specimens are analyzed using RNA-seq. BMP signaling activation in LLC bone metastasis tissues are further conformed by immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry and western blot. Moreover, BMP2 are used to treat NSCLC cells, and transwell assays are subsequently applied to examine the change in migration and invasion of NSCLC cells. Roles of BMP2 playing in osteolytic and osteoblastic mechanisms of NSCLC bone metastases are analyzed by Trap staining, ALP staining and Alizarin red staining. Results: In this study, activation of BMP signaling is found in bone metastasis tissues of mice lewis lung carcinoma and indicates poor survival in human NSCLC. Stroma fibroblasts can secret BMP2 to promote the migration and invasion of NSCLC cells. Besides, BMP2 signaling activation enhances the osteoclasts differentiation from macrophages to participate in osteolytic mechanism of NSCLC bone metastasis. Interestingly, NSCLC cells can also collect BMP2 from the microenvironment to further enhance the osteoblasts differentiation from pre-osteoblasts, which subsequently functions in osteoblastic mechanism. Conclusions: Our results indicate that BMP2 signaling activation enhances bone metastases of NSCLC not only through promoting migration and invasion of cancer cells, but also through both osteolytic and osteoblastic mechanisms. Thus, inhibition of BMP2 signaling can be a potential therapy choice for preventing bone metastases of NSCLC patients.
Ocular Growth and Refractive Status Development in Premature Infants Conceived by In Vitro Fertilization or Natural Conception
Authors: Lao Jimeng , Mao Jianbo , Liu Chenyi , Yu Xueting , Shao Yirun , Zhang Caiyun , Li Hanxiao , Shen Lijun 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: To evaluate the effects of IVF on the development of the refractive system in premature infants from 36 weeks to 6 months of postmenstrual age.
Methods: Premature infants were examined respectively at 36 weeks, 40 weeks, 44 weeks, 48 weeks, 52 weeks and 6 months of postmenstrual age. Spherical equivalent, biometric values and central corneal thickness were measured. These parameters were compared between premature infants conceived by IVF or naturally, and the relationship between these parameters were evaluated.
Results: A total of 899 premature infants were recruited. Infants born by IVF had a higher rate of oxygen therapy than which in the NC group (P = 0.04). The multiple pregnancy ratio in the IVF group was 83.4%, significantly higher than which in the NC group (p<0.001). ROP developed in 126 of the 754 infants (16.7%) in the NC group and in 35 of the 145 (24.1%) infants in the IVF group (p=0.03). With the increase of PA, the ACD (r=0.67, p<0.0001), LT (r=0.19, p<0.0001), VT (r=0.80, p<0.0001) and AL (r=0.85, p<0.0001) increased while CCT (r=-0.39, p<0.0001) thinned. The refractive state had a hyperopic shift until 44 weeks of postmenstrual age (r=0.38, p<0.0001). then the mean dioptric value continuously declined by 6 months of PA (r=-0.32, p<0.0001). There was no statistically significant difference in these parameters between the NC group and IVF group (p>0.05). The percentage of ACD (r=0.326, p<0.0001) and VT (r=0.248, p<0.0001) in AL were positively correlated with PA, while the percentage of LT (r=-0.415, p<0.0001) in AL was negatively correlated with PA. Before 44 weeks of PA, SE was positively correlated with ACD (r=0.08, p<0.01) and AL (r=0.09, p<0.01). After 44 weeks of PA, it was negatively correlated with ACD (r=-0.23, p<0.0001), VT (r=-0.35, p<0.0001) and AL (r=-0.41, p<0.01).
Conclusions: The percentage of ACD and VT in AL increased, the percentage of LT in AL decreased with the early ocular development. IVF does not affect ocular growth from 36 weeks to 6 months of PA.
Contributing factors of fetal death following radiofrequency ablation in complicated monochorionic multiple pregnancies
Authors: Rahimi-Sharbaf Fatemeh , Haghiri Mansooreh , Niromanesh Shirin , Shirazi Mahboobeh , Arabipoor Arezoo , Zolfaghary Zahra 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background Radiofrequency ablation is considered as an optional treatment method in complicated monochorionic (MC) twin pregnancies. The purpose of this study is to investigate the main factors of fetal death after such treatment procedure. The study also compares the perinatal outcomes among various groups of indication and gestational age (GA) at procedure.Methods This cross-sectional study considers 195 cases of MC multiple pregnancies including one twin with twin-twin transfusion syndrome, selective intrauterine growth restriction, sever anomaly and twin reversed arterial perfusion sequence(TRAP) which underwent selected reduction using RFA from 2016 to 2018 at Yas Hospital, related to Tehran University of Medical sciences. The GA at RFA categorized as 16- 19 +6 wks., 20-23 +6 wks., and 24-28 wks. The analysis of risk factors of fetal death after RFA is based on multivariable logistic regression model.Results The result of analysis reveals that the rate of co-twin anemia after RFA in anomaly indication was higher than the other indications significantly (p=0.038) while according to GA categories, it is significantly lower in 20-23 +6 wks. (p=0.016). Three independent significant factors contributing in fetal death after RFA were co-twin anemia after RFA, TRAP and anomaly indications of RFA and GA at RFA, respectively.Conclusions The co-twin anemia after RFA is found the most contributing factor of fetal death. As the results show that the rate of co-twin anemia after RFA is significantly low in 20-23 +6 weeks of GA, such GA is suggested for RFA procedure to reduce the fetal death.