bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New Stage of Rodless Artificial Lift Operation: the First Field Application of Submersible Motor Cable Plug with Electric Submersible Progressing Cavity Pump in CNPC
Authors: Zhu Shijia , Hao Zhongxian , Zhang Lixin , Ming Eryang , Wang Quanbin 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
After years of testing and development, the rodless artificial lift technology for low production wells including submersible plunger pump and ESPCP is going into scale applications stage in CNPC. About 150 ESPCP field applications have been used, the performance of system showed longer running time, great energy saving and less workload of maintenance compared to the previous rod pumping unit. But from the statistic of field applications, the cable failure is one of the most common failures. So, we proposed a new cable installation equipment and method with submersible cable plug with ESPCP in this paper.
Compared to the traditional method that the cable is fixed outside the tubing, we located the cable in the tubing. There is a cable socket above the pump. In this way, the cable plug was lowered down into the tubing with the cable after putting the tool string downhole. The plug was put into the socket by the gravity force. Therefore, there was a heavy-weight part above the cable plug to guarantee the high successful rate of lowing and plug-in process. Up to now, we have used this submersible motor cable plug technology in seven wells in Xinjiang oil field.
The results show that the cable can connect to the socket successfully in ESPCP field applications. There are lots of advantages compared to the traditional operation technology. First, the operation time was shortened from 3 days to 1.5 days by eliminating the installation of cable clips and insulation test when each 10 tubings were lowed in. It can enhance the operation efficiency and reducing the operation time. Second, there was less cable clip using in this technology. It can decrease the operation cost of cable clip. At last, it avoided the cable abrasion from the tubing when lowed the string into the well, which is one the most likely failure reasons. In this way, it enhances the safety factor of operation and the cable can be reused in another well.
This technology makes the operation safer and more efficient. It can be used with not only ESPCP technology, but also other submersible artificial lift technologies.
Signal Loss Recovery System for Downhole Electric Submersible Pump Sensors
Authors: Fontana Marcio , Reges Galdir Damasceno , dos Reis Ricardo André , de Jesus Raimundo Jorge , Morais Carlos Stênio , Ribeiro Marcos Pellegrini , Lima Antonio Cezar , Schnitman Leizer 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
An Electric Submersible Pump (ESP) artificial lifting downhole sensor data transmission may fail due to a reduced ESP electric cable isolation. An electronic recovering system prototype is proposed to re-establish the lost sensor signal due to the electrical current leakage that flows from the conductors to the ground. An innovative electronic system prototype has been developed to monitor an ESP downhole sensor operation and recover its lost signal due to the current leakage is proposed. Experimental tests are discussed, simulating high current leakage, and the transmission data recovered by the prototype are compared with data from a conventional oil industry downhole sensor.
Neighborhood's locality, road types, and residents' multimorbidity: evidence from China's middle-aged and older adults
Authors: Yu Xuexin , Zhang Wei 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background Neighborhood factors have gained increasing attention, while the association between the neighborhood's characteristics and multimorbidity has not been clarified. In this study, we aim to depict variations in the number of non-communicable chronic diseases (NCDs) as a function of urban vs. rural settings and road types.Methods The present cross-sectional study derived data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study 2011 National Baseline Survey. Negative binomial regression with clustered robust standard errors was performed to analyze variations in the number of NCDs among 13,414 Chinese middle-aged and older adults. Logistic regression models were employed to investigate the association between neighborhood-level characteristics and each NCD, respectively. Results First, over 65% of subjects had at least one NCDs, and over 35% had multimorbidity. Arthritis (33.08%), hypertension (24.54%), and digestive disease (21.98%) were the most prevalent NCDs. Urban vs. rural differences in multimorbidity were fully explained by neighborhood clustering variations (IRR = 1.02, 95% CI, 0.95 - 1.10). Living with paved roads was associated with a smaller number of NCDs relative to living with unpaved roads (IRR = 0.86, 95% CI, 0.78 - 0.95). Results from subgroup analyses suggested that in comparison with those living with unpaved roads, individuals living with paved roads respectively had lower odds of chronic lung disease (OR = 0.76, 95% CI, 0.63 - 0.93), chronic liver disease (OR = 0.74, 95% CI, 0.55 - 0.99), chronic kidney disease (OR = 0.68, 95% CI, 0.51 - 0.89), digestive disease (OR = 0.82, 95% CI, 0.69 - 0.97), arthritis or rheumatism (OR = 0.69, 95% CI, 0.55 - 0.87), and asthma (OR = 0.67, 95% CI, 0.51 - 0.88). Conclusions Urban vs. rural disparities in multimorbidity appeared to result from within-neighborhoods characteristics. The improvement in neighborhood-level characteristics, such as road pavement, holds promise to alleviate the increasing disease burden of chronic diseases.
Increased Association of Deamidated αA-N101D with Lens Membrane of Transgenic αAN101D vs. Wild Type αA Mice: Potential Effects on Intracellular Ionic Imbalance and Membrane Disorganization
Authors: Srivast Om , Srivast Kiran , Joseph Roy , Wilson Landon 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
We have generated two mouse models, in one by inserting the human lens αAN101D transgene in CRYαAN101D mice, and in the other by inserting human wild-type αA-transgene in CRYαAWT mice. The CRYαAN101D mice developed cortical cataract at about 7-months of age relative to CRYαAWT mice. The objective of the study was to determine the following relative changes in the lenses of CRYαAN101D- vs. CRYαAWT mice: age-related changes with specific emphasis on protein insolubilization, relative membrane-association of αAN101D vs. WTαA proteins, and changes in intracellular ionic imbalance and membrane organization. Methods: Lenses of varying ages from CRYαAWT and CRYαAN101D mice were compared for an age-related protein insolubilization. The relative lens membrane-association of the αAN101D- and WTαA proteins in the two types of mice was determined by immunohistochemical-, immunogold-labeling-, and western blot analyses. The relative levels of membrane-binding of recombinant αAN101D- and WTαA proteins was determined by an in vitro assay, and the levels of intracellular Ca2+ uptake and Na, K-ATPase mRNA were determined in the cultured epithelial cells from lenses of the two types of mice.Results: Compared to the lenses of CRYαAWT, the lenses of CRYαAN101D mice exhibited: (A) An increase in age-related protein insolubilization beginning at about 4-months of age. (B) A greater lens membrane-association of αAN101D- relative to WTαA protein during immunogold-labeling- and western blot analyses, including relatively a greater membrane swelling in the CRYαAN101D lenses. (C) During in vitro assay, the greater levels of binding αAN101D- relative to WTαA protein to membranes was observed. (D) The 75% lower level of Na, K-ATPase mRNA but 1.5X greater Ca2+ uptake were observed in cultured lens epithelial cells of CRYαAN101D- than those of CRYαAWT mice. Conclusions: The results show that an increased lens membrane association of αAN101D--relative WTαA protein in CRYαAN101D mice than CRYαAWT mice occurs, which causes intracellular ionic imbalance, and in turn, membrane swelling that potentially leads to cortical opacity.
Etiology, clinical characteristics and coinfection status of bronchiolitis in Suzhou
Authors: Tan Jiahong , Wu Jinfeng , Jiang Wujun , Huang Li , Ji Wei , Yan Yongdong , Wang Meiuan , Shao Xuejun 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Bronchiolitis is a clinical syndrome commonly encountered in practice, particularly among infants and young children. To investigate the prevalence of pathogens in hospitalized children with bronchiolitis and study the clinical characteristics of bronchiolitis with or without coinfections. Methods: We investigated the respiratory specimens and clinical data of 1012 children with bronchiolitis who were treated at the Children’s Hospital of Soochow University between November 2011 and December 2018. The nasopharyngeal aspirates were examined to detect viruses by direct immunofluorescence assay or polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) was tested by PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results: Of the 1012 children less than 2 years with bronchiolitis, causative pathogen was detected in 83.4% (842 of 1012). The majority of these (614 [72.9%] of 842) were single virus infection. The most common pathogens detected were respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) (44.4%), MP (15.6%), and human rhinovirus (HRV) (14.4%). Coinfection was identified in 13.5% (137 of 1012) of the patients. Coinfection includes virus mixed virus infection and virus mixed MP infection. Children with single virus infection had a higher rate of oxygen therapy compared with single MP infection. Conclusions: The most common pathogen detected in children with bronchiolitis is RSV, followed by MP and HRV. The high mix infection burden in bronchiolitis underscores a need for the sensitive and rapid diagnostics to accurately identify pathogens.
Understanding Implicit and Explicit Learning in Adolescents With and Without Anorexia Nervosa
Authors: Sternheim Lot , Wickham Miriam , Danner Unna , Maddox Todd , Filoteo Vincent , Shott Megan , Frank Guido 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Backgroundcognitive disturbances such as impairments in learning are thought to play a role in adult Anorexia Nervosa (AN). It is remains unclear to what extend these disturbances result from starvation of the brain, or relate to an abnormal premorbid cognitive profile. This study investigates learning processes in adolescents with AN, hypothesizing that implicit learning is intact, as found previously in explicit learning tasks. Secondly, we hypothesized that anxiety and depression symptoms, inherent to AN, are associated to learning processes in AN, and thirdly we aimed to explore any cultural learning differences in individuals from the Netherlands or the USA. Methods: in total 46 adolescents diagnosed with AN and 44 control participants were administered an implicit category learning task in which they were asked to categorize simple perceptual stimuli (Gabor patches) based on a linear integration (i.e., an implicit task) of orientation and spatial frequency of the stimulus. A subgroup of adolescents also completed a task assessing explicit learning. Resultsmodel-based analyses indicated that adolescents with AN performed significantly more accurately compared to their healthy peers regardless whether they used the optimal strategy or not. Depression and anxiety did not relate to learning performance in the AN group, no cultural differences in learning were found. Conclusionsoverall, our findings of augmented implicit and explicit learning in adolescents with AN corroborate recent studies that suggested higher stimulus-response learning during prediction error paradigms. Learning disturbances in adult AN may then be due to malnourishment, highlighting the importance of early recognition and refeeding in treatments for AN.
Emergency Medicine Physicians’ Knowledge and Perceptions of Training, Education, and Resources in Eating Disorders
Authors: Ma Connie , Gonzales-Pacheco Diana , Cerami Jean , Coakley Kathryn E 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Eating disorders, specifically anorexia nervosa, have one of the highest mortality rates of all mental illnesses.(1) Knowledge and perceptions of patients with eating disorders (ED) in the Emergency Medicine (EM) specialty is not explored. EM physicians may be the first or only provider a patient interacts with. The purpose of this study is to explore previous training/education, perceptions of available resources, and educational needs in treating eating disorders in practicing Emergency Medicine (EM) physicians. Methods: A 36-question investigator-developed survey was used in this cross-sectional study. Data were extracted from Opinio for statistical analyses. SAS 9.4 was used to analyze data. The survey assessed EM physicians’ previous training, education, and confidence in treating and diagnosing eating disorders in adults and adolescents. The primary outcomes assessed were participants’ previous training/education in eating disorders, knowledge of resources for patients, and educational needs.Results: Of the 162 participants, just 1.9% completed a rotation on eating disorders during residency. Ninety-three percent were unfamiliar with the American Psychiatric Association’s Practice Guideline for the Treatment of Patients with Eating Disorders; 95% were unfamiliar with the publication, “ED [Emergency Department] management of patients with eating disorders”. At least 50% were unaware of seven of the ten resources for patients with eating disorders examined. At least 50% agreed additional education on 15 of the 19 topics examined would be useful; 85% agreed to education on assessment of patients with eating disorders in the ED.Conclusions: Providing EM physicians with comprehensive education and training and increasing awareness of eating disorder resources could result in identifying more patients with eating disorders to increase treatment post-discharge.
Coastal Microbiomes Reveal Associations between Pathogenic&nbsp;Vibrio&nbsp;Species, Environmental Factors, and Planktonic Communities
Authors: Diner Rachel E. , Kaul Drishti , Rabines Ariel , Zheng Hong , Steele Joshua A , Griffith John F , Allen Andrew Ellis 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background Many species of coastal Vibrio spp. bacteria can infect humans, representing an emerging health threat linked to increasing seawater temperatures. Vibrio interactions with the planktonic community impact coastal ecology and human infection potential. In particular, interactions with eukaryotic and photosynthetic organism may provide attachment substrate and critical nutrients (e.g. chitin, phytoplankton exudates) that facilitate the persistence, diversification, and spread of pathogenic Vibrio spp.. Vibrio interactions with these organisms in an environmental context are, however, poorly understood. Results After quantifying pathogenic Vibrio species, including V. cholerae , V. parahaemolyticus , and V. vulnificus, over one year at 5 sites, we found that all three species reached high abundances, particularly during Summer months, and exhibited species-specific temperature and salinity distributions. Using metabarcoding we established a detailed profile of the both prokaryotic and eukaryotic coastal microbial communities, finding that pathogenic species were frequently associated with specific ASVs of chitin-producing eukaryotes such as diatoms and copepods. Furthermore, environmental variables had a significant effect not only on pathogenic Vibrio species but entire microbial communities, suggesting in some cases shared environmental preferences. Several significant ASV-level associations were revealed, indicating that commonly used broad taxonomic classifications (e.g. based on microbial class or Vibrio as a genus) likely mask ecologically important interactions. Shotgun metagenomic analyses revealed diverse vibrio communities that harbored additional potential vibrio pathogens, antibiotic resistance genes, and genes associated with virulence. Conclusions Taken together, this data shows that abundant pathogenic Vibrio species likely containing both antibiotic resistance and virulence-associated genes are associated with chitin producing organisms which could act as an attachment substrate, facilitating environmental persistence and horizontal gene transfer. Shared environmental conditions such as high temperatures were associated with both high levels of pathogenic vibrios and potential environmental reservoirs, which should be taken into consideration when modelling vibrio infection risk in the face of climate change and identifying biomarkers of pathogen species. Furthermore, ASV-level associations may be critical to understanding vibrio microbial ecology and should be taken into consideration while developing environmentally relevant laboratory model systems.
High-Risk Behaviors Among Iranian University Students: A Web-Based Survey
Authors: Shekari Farhad , Habibi Peyman , Nadrian Haidar , Mohammadpoorasl Asghar 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background :High-risk behaviors is one of the most serious factors threatening the physical and mental health of adolescents and young adults. The aims of this study were to investigate thesubgroups of students based on risky behaviors and to identify the prevalence rate of these subgroups. Methods: This cross-sectional web-based survey was conducted from July to August 2019 in Tabriz, Iran. Sampling of all universities in the city was performed proportionally according to the number of students in each university. . Applying an online survey questionnaire, the data were collected from 3649 students and included into Latent Class Analysis. Results: For both genders, standardized prevalence rates of cigarrette smoking, hookah use, alcohol consumption, substance abuse and unsafe sex were 18.5 (CI 95%: 17.3-19.8), 9.1 (CI 95%: 8.2-10.1), 9.2 (CI 95%: 8.3-10.2), 8.3 (CI 95%: 7.4-9.3) and 14.5 (CI 95%: 13.3-15.7), respectively. Three latent classes of risky behaviors were determined among students: 1) low risk 2) smoking and 3) high risk. About 18% of boys and 1.5% of girls were in the high risk class. Cigarrette smoking (18.5%, CI 95%: 17.3-19.8) and substance abuse (8.3%, CI 95%: 7.4-9.3) were the most and the least common risky behaviors among the students. Conclusion: In this we-based survey, a considerable percentage of students, particularly boys, were at high-risk class, stressing the need for preventive interventions for this group of youth. Our findings are beneficial for planning and development of risky-behavior preventive measures to prevent high-risk behaviors among college students.
The Moderating Effect of Emotional Competence on Job Satisfaction and Organisational Commitment of Healthcare Professionals
Authors: Stamouli Elena , Gerbeth Sebastian 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Medical organisations such hospitals are largely being seen as task-based wherein different individuals are expected to work in interdependent teams. The present study seeks to demonstrate the relevance of individual factors (job satisfaction) and individual competences (emotional competence) for organisational commitment in a sample of healthcare professionals. Methods: Using multi-source data, the empirical study examined the interaction effect by analysing data collected from 96 healthcare professionals of five hospitals in Germany. To investigate the relationship between emotional competence, job satisfaction and organisational commitment moderated regression analysis, as well as simple slope analysis, were performed. Results: Hierarchical multiple regression analysis shows that emotional competence moderated the relationship between satisfaction with the job and commitment to the job. Our findings confirm that healthcare professionals with high emotional competence are able to deal more effectively with dissatisfaction in the workplace so that organisational commitment remains unaffected.Conclusion: Based on the results of this study emotional competence of healthcare professionals is important for increasing job satisfaction and commitment to the job. Especially for healthcare professionals whose job satisfaction is low, a high level of emotional competence enables them to maintain a high level of organisational commitment. The findings of the study are discussed at the theoretical level for researchers and practical level for hospital managers.
Efficacy and Safety of Methylnaltrexone for the Treatment of Opioid-Induced Constipation: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Zhang Ying-Ying , Zhou Rong , Gu Wan-Jie 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Opioid-induced constipation (OIC) is a distressing side effect during opioid analgesia and is mainly mediated by gastrointestinal μ opioid receptors. Methylnaltrexone, a peripheral μ opioid receptor antagonist with restricted ability to cross the blood-brain barrier, may alleviate OIC without reversing analgesia. We performed a meta-analysis to assess the efficacy and safety of methylnaltrexone for the treatment of OIC.Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library for randomized controlled trials that compared methylnaltrexone with placebo for the treatment of OIC. The primary efficacy outcome was rescue-free bowel movement (RFBM) within 4 hours after the first dose. Secondary efficacy outcomes included RFBM within 24 hours after the first dose, RFBM ≥3 times per week, and need take rescue laxatives. The primary safety outcome was any adverse events. Secondary safety outcomes included abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and flatulence. Relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were pooled using random-effects model with the intention-to-treat principle. We used the GRADE approach to assess the certainty of the evidence.Results: Eight trials with 2,034 participants were included. Compared with placebo, methylnaltrexone significantly increased RFBM within 4 hours after the first dose (8 trials; 1,833 participants; RR 3.74, 95% CI 3.02-4.62; I2 = 0%; high-certainty evidence), RFBM within 24 hours after the first dose (2 trials; 614 participants; RR 1.98, 95% CI 1.52-2.58; I2 = 9%; moderate-certainty evidence), and RFBM ≥3 times per week (3 trials; 1,396 participants; RR 1.33, 95% CI 1.17-1.52; I2 = 0%; moderate-certainty evidence) and decreased need to take rescue laxatives (3 trials; 807 participants; RR 0.73, 95% CI 0.63-0.85; I2 = 0%; moderate-certainty evidence). For safety outcomes, there was no difference in any adverse events between the two groups (8 trials; 2,034 participants; RR 1.11, 95% CI 0.99-1.23; I2 = 34%; moderate-certainty evidence), including diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and flatulence; but for the most commonly reported adverse events, the abdominal pain was higher in methylnaltrexone group than that in placebo group (6 trials; 1,813 participants; RR 2.30, 95% CI 1.29-4.08; I2 = 62%; moderate-certainty evidence).Conclusions: Methylnaltrexone is an effective and safe drug for treating OIC. But the safety of abdominal pain should be considered.Trial registration: PROSPERO (CRD42020187290).