bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Calculation Method of Energy Consumption of Air-Conditioning System in Subway Vehicle Based on Representative Operating Points
Authors: Li Ce , Wang Honglin , Bi Haiquan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In order to study the standard energy consumption of air-conditioning system of subway vehicle and optimize the performance of air-conditioning system, it is necessary to clarify the air-conditioning representative operating conditions. In this paper, based on the tested data during real operation of subway vehicle in summer, the characteristics of the air-conditioning operating conditions are analyzed, and the construction method of the operating conditions is first proposed. Secondly, taking the tested line as an example, using the constructed operating conditions as sample data, the k-means clustering algorithm is used to identify the representative operating points of the air-conditioning in the cooling season. Finally, the energy consumption based on the representative operating points of the cooling season is calculated by LMS AMEsim software, the error between calculated results and field measurements data is within 10%, which verifies the accuracy of energy consumption calculation method based on these representative operating points.
Influence of Water and Sediment Conditions on Flow Path into Sea Movement in the Huanghe Estuary
Authors: Huang Libing 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
For researching the laws of flow path into sea movement in siltladen rivers, according to the measured topographic data since 1976 to 2015, it analyses the course of the flow path movement during in Qingshuigou path in Huanghe estuary. The results show that current flow paths deposits and extends controlled by runoffs and ocean hydrodynamics. The old flow paths are eroded and dominated by ocean power. The runoffs and sediment into sea reduce by 42% and 78% after 1996, respectively. As a result, the averaged deposition rate reduces by 81%. The avulsion rate of the flow path into sea is also decreased.
Influence of Rainfall Infiltration on Transient Volumetric Water Content of Coal Measure Soil Slope
Authors: Liao Wei , Lin Junbo , Zhang Hong 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
With coal measure soil side slope in Jiangxi’s Pingxiang-Lianhua Expressway selected as the research object, GeoStudio, a finite element seepage analysis application, was adopted for numerical simulation on the variation pattern of volumetric moisture content in the side slope in rainfall as well as its spatial distribution characteristics. The results show that rainfall infiltration mainly influences the surface layer of the side slope and that its influence decreases with the increase of depth. The volumetric moisture content of undisturbed coal measure soil remains basically unchanged under the weathered layer. When soil mass permeability coefficient is less than rainfall intensity, the rainwater permeates quickly in the outermost layer of a weathering zone, but exerts a minor influence. When it is larger than the rainfall intensity, rainfall permeates slowly but exerts a major influence. When rainfall intensity reaches 8.33 ×10−7 m/s, soil moisture contents in the superficial layers of the slope toe and halfway up the slope surface become saturated. The saturation depth is 80% of the weathered layer. When the rainfall intensity reaches 1.1 ×10−6 m/s, it exerts a more extensive influence on the saturation area in the side slope, but the corresponding affected depth is only 50% of that in the weathered layer.
Discussion on the Delimitation of Main River in Anji County under the System of River Chief
Authors: Zhou Jiahong , Chen Qi , Han Haiqian 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The river chief system has been advanced in all respects, river management is an important part of river chief system. River demarcation refers to the demarcation of river shoreline and the scope of management and protection, which is the premise of water management. Based on the analysis of the present situation, management and demarcation of the river in Anji County, the article puts forward the management problem and necessity of the demarcation of the current situation of the river in Anji County, and puts forward the principles and methods of the demarcation of the river shoreline and the scope of management protection according to different types.
Study on Sedimentation Characteristics and Reduction Measures of Bajiazui Reservoir
Authors: Jiang Chao , Wei Guoliang , Fan Leiran , Zu Anjun 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The Bajiazui Reservoir is located at the middle section of the Puhe River, a tributary of the Jinghe River. Sediment deposited in the reservoir in a cone shape. The floodplain in the reservoir area is wide and sediment deposited horizontally. In recent years, sedimentation in the Bajiazui Reservoir has consumed 70% of the total storage capacity. As a consequence, the storage capacity has been severely lost, and the operation of reservoirs has become increasingly difficult. The water supply in the Xifeng urban area is getting worse. According to the sedimentation characteristics of the reservoir, an operation method is proposed that the reservoir adopts the operation mode of “storing clear and releasing muddy, emptying reservoir to drain flood” in the normal operation period. Dispatching control conditions are also given to achieve releasing sediment from the reservoir throughout the year during the flooding period, and to achieve a relative balance of erosion and deposition in the reservoir area.
A Review on the Physical Dewatering Methods of Sludge Pretreatment in Recent Ten Years
Authors: Zhen Zheng , Jinxiang Yi , Renhui Dai 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Due to the increasingly tight land resources and the increasingly intensified ecological environment of pollution, sludge treatment has become an important subject of environmental protection research, among which sludge dewatering is the primary link of sludge treatment. Many researchers have used physical methods to improve the dewatering performance of sludge. Through the distribution of sludge water, this paper analyzes the influence of several important factors of sludge dewatering, and expounds several methods for sludge dewatering pretreatment such as electrolysis, freezing and thawing method, ultrasonic method and activated carbon adsorption method and corresponding dehydration mechanism such as change the sludge particle size, increase the sludge water channel, shatter extracellular polymers and change the charge distribution of sludge.
Flume Test on the Movement Characteristics of Pipeline Oil Spill under Water
Authors: Xiao Hui , Yang Zhiwen 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In order to understand the movement process and characteristics of oil spill in submarine pipeline, a model test is carried out in the flume. The movement process and shape of oil spill from underwater to water surface are observed through experiments. The relationship between the characteristics of oil spill such as rise time, average movement speed of oil particles at representative point and oil spill diffusion width with different oil spill volume and different flow velocity is analyzed. The experimental results can provide a reference for the oil spill trajectory research and diffusion numerical simulation.
Improve the Luminous Environment in a Classroom
Authors: Liu Guodan , Li Hanlin , Kang Yunxing 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This paper suggests a lighting design method by advanced software to design for optimizing the luminous environment in a classroom. The luminous environment affects the eyesight health and learning efficiency of students, while uncomfortable glare is an important indicator that affects the quality of classroom light environment. This paper describes the evaluation method of uncomfortable glare, and select a typical classroom light environment field survey and subjective questionnaire survey, which puts forward the optimization and improvement of the lighting layout scheme, and uses DIALux simulation analysis to simulate the illuminance and glare values of different schemes. The findings support the classroom installation of grille lampshades and LED lamps not only meet lighting requirements, can effectively reduce the impact of glare and benefit designers in the strategic design process with further potential for design options and lighting electricity reduction.
Research on Pre-Grouting Technique of Blind Shaft of Metal Mine in Southwest China
Authors: He Wen , Gao Xiaogeng , Feng Xuhai 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In order to ensure the safe and rapid excavation of the shaft, the blind shaft of MAO PING mine was treated by pre-grouting. The “S” borehole directional drilling was used, and the clay cement grout was selected as the grouting material. After the completion of the construction, the remaining water inflow of the shaft grouting section was measured to be 4.83m3/h by water pressure test. The blind shaft pre-grouting project has been successfully implemented, and its design and construction technology have important guiding significance for the application of water prevention and control in mining areas which located in southwest China.
Investigation and Analysis of Old Houses’ Aseismic Capability in Rural Areas of Jiangxi Province
Authors: Zhou Qiang , Zhao Wenyang , Yang Lingyu , Song Guquan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Villages and towns are the most earthquake-prone areas in China, due to the backward economic conditions and the lack of aseismic awareness of residents in rural areas, earthquake damage in these areas tend to be severe. In order to understand the aseismic capability of old houses better in rural areas of Jiangxi province, investigation was carried out in numerous counties of Jiangxi. The structural types, construction time and aseismic construction defects of the old houses were mainly investigated; besides, in view of the old houses’ aseismic construction deficiencies, combined with the existing research, the methods and countermeasures for enhancing the aseismic capability of old houses are given.
Based on the characteristic of different Spaces, the pattern of plant landscape in universities
Authors: Huang Yi , Li Chun , Zhang Le 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
With the rapid development of our social economy and culture, the importance of higher education is growing. A large number of enrollment expansion of colleges and universities across the country, the teaching scale expands unceasingly, also a lot of the old campus and facilities can not support their enrolment, affect the quality of teaching. Therefore, the construction of new campus, rebuilding the old campus is the top priority. At the same time, building a harmonious society in our country, under the premise of ecological environmental protection, and others put forward constructing the campus “urbanization”, “ecological campus”, so it is particularly important to reasonable planning campus construction[1].
Beautiful environment landscape is the spirit of the campus construction, institutions of higher learning campus landscape should have four main functions, namely: meet the needs of the employee’s work and life between teachers and students, by the spirit of good environment edify people sentiment (“people create environment and conditions for people”), to set foot in the campus of teachers and students, quiet and tastefully laid out and pleasant environment, visitors to civilization is a good addition to the urban environment [2]. Through investigation, analysis and practice, from the Angle of campus space characteristics, summarize the characteristics of plant landscape in colleges and universities, and puts forward the existing problems and the expected trend.
Index System of Ecological Planning of Urban Greenspace in Northeast China
Authors: Lin Yutang , Tang Yu 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Nowadays, scientists generally apply routine index of greenspace system planning in urban greenspace planning and design. Along with its development, the ecological planning plays a more and more important role in urban planning of greenspace. This article attempts to establish a primary ecological index system of urban greenspace in northeast China by extracting some ecological index from the usual quantitative indicators, the ecological planning of greenspace heterogeneity, and diversity of the system and structure of urban greenspace system etc.
An Analysis Study of the Impact of Urbanization on Rainfall in Wuhan
Authors: Luo Tianyue , Liu Xuejun , Zhang Jiacheng , Wei Heyi 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
On the base of the hourly rainfall data of 102 weather stations of Wuhan in 2012, this paper calculates the area rainfall by using the Tyson polygon spatial interpolation method and applies the multiple linear regression model to analyze the impact of urban construction activities on the rainfall. It is concluded that from the perspective of the annual rainfall, rainfall and average temperature show a significant negative correlation, and this effect is also very significant in summer. This effect is also very significant in summer. At the same time, urban construction activities have a certain impact on rainfall in spring, summer, and autumn, which is reflected in the area of green area, water area and road density in the region. Among them, rainfall is most affected in summer.
Study on Climate Adaptation in Architectural Technology in Rural Areas
Authors: Wu Jingjing , Wei Hongyang 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Climate adaptation in architectural technology, as a communication medium between nature and human beings, has become a new development trend in response to climate change and to encourage energy conservation and environmental protection. This paper aims to deal with the problems from the perspective of architectural technology in modern new rural construction. Based on the theory of climate adaptation, this paper expounds the definition of climate adaptation in architectural technology, and presents two operating mechanisms to guide and to defend. A suitable technical roadmap is thus offered for the development of architectural technology in rural areas, which can be summarized as the better design of fundamental schemes, preferential selection of passive architectural technology, reasonable implementation of low-energy active architectural technology, and efficient use of active architectural technology with high energy consumption, in order to provide reference for sustainable development of new rural construction. The results show that the response of architectural technology to climate change needs not only to focus on the material level, but also to pay attention to the activities of users.
Electronic structures and optoelectronic properties of ATiOPO4 (A = H, Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr, NH4, Ag) compounds and their applications in water splitting, CO2 reduction, and photo-degradation
Authors: Abdel-Sattar Mohamed K , Taha Mohamed 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we have presented a computational study on the crystal structures, electronic, and optical properties of the titanyl phosphate family (ATiOPO4, where A = H, Li, Na, K, Rb, Fr, NH4 and Ag). The lattice parameters and bandgaps were calculated with the Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof (PBE), Revised Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof (RPBE), Perdew Wang (PW91), Wu-Cohen (WC), and Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof for solids (PBEsol) non-local functionals of the generalized gradient approximations (GAA). The PBEsol functional provided better results and closer to the experimental data of the ATiOPO4 compounds; and thus, this method was used to analyze the band structures, density of states, and optical properties. A comparison between the optical properties (dielectric function, refractive index, absorption coefficient, reflectivity, electron energy loss spectrum, and photoconductivity) of ATiOPO4 compounds were discussed. The potentials of valance band and conduction band edges were calculated and used to investigate the protentional applications of the ATiOPO4 materials in water splitting, CO2 reduction, and photo-degradation processes. The results obtained in our investigations show that many of the investigated ATiOPO4 semiconductors could be used as effective photocatalysts in these photocatalytic reactions.
Numerical modelling of the potential inside the cylindrical shaped nanocrystallite metal oxide semiconductors and its effect on gas sensor response
Authors: Kumar Anil , Kumar Ravi , Kumar Rakesh , B Prasad , Kumar Dinesh , Kumar Mukesh 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The surface of metal oxide semiconductors exhibits great gas sensing response when the size of the grains becomes much smaller, i.e. in the range of the Debye length. In the presented work, the gas sensing properties of nanocrystalline cylindrical shaped metal oxide semiconductors have been studied. The effect of crystal size and surface states on gas sensor response has been investigated. The electric potential inside the grains has been calculated by solving the Poisson’s equation coupled with electroneutrality condition. The relationship between the electric potential and the size of the nanograins has been established as a function of available surface states, surface temperature and occupied surface states. It has been found that the critical value of available surface state density increases with an increase in the size of nanograins. Total carrier concentration inside the grain volume has been simulated as a function of available surface state density and grain size. Eventually, the sensitivity of the gas sensor has been simulated and compared for different sizes of nanocrystals. From the simulated studies, it is clear that the smaller cylindrical-shaped nanostructured grains could result in better gas sensing performances. Presented model has universal application for all metal oxides (both n-type and p-type) based semiconductors and can be extended for both oxidising and reducing gases with essential modifications.
Explicit Coleman integration for curves
Authors: Balakrishnan Jennifer , Tuitman Jan 
Published: March 2020

The Coleman integral is a

p
p

-adic line integral that plays a key role in computing several important invariants in arithmetic geometry. We give an algorithm for explicit Coleman integration on curves, using the algorithms of the second author [Math. Comp. 85 (2016), pp. 961–981] and [Finite Fields Appl. 45 (2019), pp. 301–322] to compute the action of Frobenius on

p
p

-adic cohomology. We present a collection of examples computed with our implementation. This includes integrals on a genus 55 curve, where other methods do not currently seem practical.
Late and Instable Sleep Phasing is Associated With Irregular Eating Patterns in Eating Disorders
Authors: Linnaranta Outi , Bourguignon Clément , Crescenzi Olivia , Sibthorpe Duncan , Buyukkurt Asli , Steiger Howard , Storch Kai-Florian 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background
Sleep problems are common in eating disorders (EDs).

Purpose
We evaluated whether sleep-phasing regularity associates with the regularity of daily eating events.

Methods
ED patients (n = 29) completed hourly charts of mood and eating occasions for 2 weeks. Locomotor activity was recorded continuously by wrist actigraphy for a minimum of 10 days, and sleep was calculated based on periods of inactivity. We computed the center of daily inactivity (CenDI) as a measure of sleep phasing and consolidation of the daily inactivity (ConDI) as a measure of daily sleep rhythm strength. We assessed interday irregularities in the temporal structure of food intake using the standard deviation (SD) of frequency (IFRQ), timing (ITIM), and interval (IINT) of food intake. A self-evaluation of other characteristics included mood, anxiety, and early trauma.

Results
A later phasing of sleep associated with a lower frequency of eating (eating frequency with the CenDI rho = −0.49, p = .007). The phasing and rhythmic strength of sleep correlated with the degree of eating irregularity (CenDI with ITIM rho = 0.48, p = .008 and with IINT rho = 0.56, p = .002; SD of CenDI with ITIM rho = 0.47, p = .010, and SD of ConDI with IINT rho = 0.37, p = .048). Childhood Trauma Questionnaire showed associations with variation of sleep onset (rho = −0.51, p = .005) and with IFRQ (rho = 0.43, p = .023).

Conclusions
Late and variable phasing of sleep associated robustly with irregular pattern of eating. Larger data sets are warranted to enable the analysis of diagnostic subgroups, current medication, and current symptomatology and to confirm the likely bidirectional association between eating pattern stability and the timing of sleep.
Potentially inappropriate medication use in older adults with mild-moderate Alzheimer’s disease: prevalence and associations with adverse events
Authors: Murphy Claire , Dyer Adam H , Lawlor Brian , Kennelly Sean P ,   NILVAD Study Group
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Aim
Potentially inappropriate medication (PIM) use is prevalent in older adults and is associated with adverse events, hospitalisation and mortality. We assessed the patterns and associations of PIM use in older adults with mild-to-moderate Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), who may represent a particularly vulnerable group.

Design
Analysis of data from NILVad, an 18-month Randomised Control Trial of Nilvadapine in mild-to-moderate AD. The v2 STOPP criteria were applied in duplicate to identify PIM use. Associations between PIM use and adverse events/unscheduled healthcare visits in addition to the associations between PIM use and AD progression were evaluated.

Setting and Participants
448 older adults with mild-to-moderate AD from 23 centres in nine European countries.

Results
Of 448 participants (mean age: 72.56 ± 8.19 years), over half (55.8%) were prescribed a PIM with 30.1% being prescribed 2+ PIMs. The most frequent PIMs were (i) long-term benzodiazepines (11.6% N = 52/448), (ii) selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors without appropriate indication (11.1% N = 50/448), and (iii) Proton-Pump Inhibitors (PPIs) without appropriate indication (10.7% N = 48/448). Increasing number of PIMs was associated with a greater risk of adverse events (IRR 1.17, 1.13–1.19, P &lt; 0.001), serious adverse events (IRR 1.27; 1.17–1.37, P &lt; 0.001), unscheduled hospitalisations (IRR 1.16, 1.03–1.30, P = 0.016) and GP visits (IRR 1.22, 1.15–1.28, P &lt; 0.001). PIM use was not associated with dementia progression.

Conclusions and Implications
PIM use is highly prevalent in mild-to-moderate AD and is associated with adverse events and unscheduled healthcare utilisation. Further attention to de-prescribing in this vulnerable group is warranted.
Measuring the Magnitude of Health Inequality Between 2 Population Subgroup Proportions
Authors: Talih Makram , Moonesinghe Ramal , Huang David T 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we evaluate 11 measures of inequality, d(p1, p2), between 2 proportions p1 and p2, some of which are new to the health disparities literature. These measures are selected because they are continuous, nonnegative, equal to 0 if and only if |p1 − p2| = 0, and maximal when |p1 − p2| = 1. They are also symmetrical [d(p1, p2) = d(p2, p1)] and complement-invariant [d(p1, p2) = d(1 − p2, 1 − p1)]. To study intermeasure agreement, 5 of the 11 measures, including the absolute difference, are retained, because they remain finite and are maximal if and only if |p1 − p2| = 1. Even when the 2 proportions are assumed to be drawn at random from a shared distribution—interpreted as the absence of an avoidable difference—the expected value of d(p1, p2) depends on the shape of the distribution (and the choice of d) and can be quite large. To allow for direct comparisons among measures, we propose a standard measurement unit akin to a z score. For skewed underlying beta distributions, 4 of the 5 retained measures, once standardized, offer more conservative assessments of the magnitude of inequality than the absolute difference. We conclude that, even for measures that share the highlighted mathematical properties, magnitude comparisons are most usefully assessed relative to an elicited or estimated underlying distribution for the 2 proportions.