bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detailed characterization of metastatic lymph nodes improves the prediction accuracy of currently used risk stratification systems in N1 stage papillary thyroid cancer
Authors: Lee Jandee , Kim Chan Hee , Min In Kyung , Jeong Seonhyang , Kim Hyunji , Choi Moon Jung , Kwon Hyeong Ju , Jung Sang Geun , Jo Young Suk 
Published: April 2020

Objective
The characteristics of metastatic lymph nodes (MLNs) have been investigated as important predictors of recurrence and progression in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). However, clinically applicable risk stratification systems are limited to the assessment of size and number of MLNs. This study investigated the predictive value of detailed characteristics of MLNs in combination with currently used risk stratification systems.

Design and methods
We retrospectively characterized 2811 MLNs from 9014 harvested LNs of 286 patients with N1 PTC according to the maximum diameter of MLN (MDLN), maximum diameter of metastatic focus (MDMF), ratio of both diameters (MDMFR), lymph node ratio (LNR, number of MLNs/number of total harvested LNs), presence of extranodal extension (ENE), desmoplastic reaction (DR), cystic component, and psammoma body.

Results
Factors related to the size and number of MLNs were associated with increased risk of recurrence and progression. Extensive presence of ENE (>40%) and DR (≥50%) increased the risk of recurrence/progression. The combination of MDLN, LNR, ENE, and DR had the highest predictive value among MLN characteristics. Combination of these parameters with ATA risk stratification or 1-year response to therapy improved the predictive power for recurrence/progression from a Harrell’s C-index of 0.781 to 0.936 and 0.867 to 0.960, respectively.

Conclusions
The combination of currently used risk stratification systems with detailed characterization of MLNs may improve the predictive accuracy for recurrence/progression in N1 PTC patients.
Sediment Organic Matter in Areas of Intense Methane Release in the Laptev Sea: Characteristics of Molecular Composition
Authors: Grinko A.A. , Goncharov I.V. , Shakhova N.E. , Gustafsson Ö. , Oblasov N.V. , Romankevich E.A. , Zarubin A. G. , Kashapov R.S. , Chernykh D.V. , Gershelis E.V. , Dudarev O.V. , Mazurov A.K. , Semiletov I.P. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
—We present results of study of the molecular composition of organic matter (OM) in the bottom sediments of the Laptev Sea by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, isotope gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, and Rock-Eval pyrolytic analysis. The OM of all collected sediment samples shows a significant terrigenous contribution. Compounds that are biomarkers of methanotrophic microorganisms are also found. A positive correlation between the contents of the studied biomarkers and the contents of pelite and total organic carbon is observed at the sites with documented intense methane bubbling. For example, the average content of C30 hopenes at the “methane” stations is twice higher than that at the “background” ones. The average content of C32 αβ-hopanes in sediment samples from the methane seepage area is 1.5 times higher than that at the background stations. We suggest that the increased C30 αβ-hopane content (~1.5 times higher within the methane seepage area) and the decreased moretane index relative to the C31 hopane index are due to the inflow of OM of petroleum origin. The presence of biphenyl in sediments indicates its petroleum origin, which supports our assumption of the migratory nature of petroleum hydrocarbons in the methane seepage area. Triterpenoids found in the sediment OM indicate diagenetic bacterial transformation of OM in the methane seepage areas, which shows that methane has been released for a long time. We assume the intense activity of the consortium of methanotrophs and sulfate reducers in the methane seepage areas.
Alexandre Herculano entre a imparcialidade e a parcialidade
Authors: Assis Arthur Alfaix 
Published: April 2020

Em toda a obra histórica de Alexandre Herculano reivindicações de imparcialidade misturam-se à parcialidade das crenças, ideais e interesses que conformam o ponto de vista do autor. Encontram-se nela tanto o compromisso com a busca desinteressada da verdade quanto a intenção pragmática de remodelar as relações da sociedade portuguesa com o seu passado, e com os efeitos deste sobre o presente. Revisitando os principais escritos históricos de Herculano, o presente trabalho procura entender como é possível que textos de história sejam ou pretendam ser, ao mesmo tempo, verdadeiros e úteis, objetivos e engajados, imparciais e parciais. Quero mostrar que essas oposições não necessariamente funcionam como contradições paralizantes, e que bons historiadores como Herculano são capazes de extrair delas uma enorme quantidade de energia intelectual. Concentrar-me-ei, em particular, na tensão entre a imparcialidade e a parcialidade para tentar evidenciar – com leituras atentas e análises contextuais – que ela se configura de pelo menos dois modos distintos, ligados à significação positiva ou negativa do passado estudado para a pessoa que o estuda.
Effect of intercropping madumbe (Colocasia esculenta) and rice (Oryza sativa L.) on yield and land productivity under different irrigation water management techniques with effluent water
Authors: TI Busari  , A Senzanje  , AO Odindo  , CA Buckley  
Published: April 2020

The need for the optimal use of land, without a yield penalty, in urban and peri-urban (UP) settlements is vital. This study investigated the effect of intercropping madumbe and rice with respect to yield and land productivity when irrigated with anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) effluent under different irrigation water management techniques. It was hypothesized that intercropping under different irrigation water management techniques has no effect on the yield and land productivity. Field trials were conducted in the 2017 and 2018 cropping seasons with ABR effluent (without fertilizer) at the Newlands Mashu Experimental Site, Newlands East, Durban, South Africa. A randomized complete block design with 3 replications; cropping treatments of sole madumbe, sole rice and madumbe + rice (intercrop) and irrigation treatments of alternate wetting and drying (AWD), continuous flood irrigation (CFI) and wetting without flooding (WWF) was used. Growth and yield parameters at harvest were determined. Thereafter, land equivalent ratio (LER) was calculated to evaluate the productivity of the intercrop. The effect of intercropping was significant (P < 0.05) on the total number of irrigation events and total water use. There was a significant reduction (P < 0.05) in plant heights of both madumbe and rice at intercrop. However, the effect on plant height for treatment CFI was positive but not significant (P > 0.05) for both seasons. A significant (P < 0.05) reduction also occurred in the number of madumbe leaves/plant, and panicles/plant and tillers/plant for rice. Intercropping significantly reduced (P < 0.05) madumbe corm and rice grain yield over the two seasons relative to sole cropping. LER showed that intercropping madumbe with rice was not more productive (LER < 1) than sole cropping of madumbe. It was concluded that over the two-season period, intercropping madumbe and rice do not yield appreciably under any of the three irrigation management techniques applied and the study hypothesis is thus rejected.
THE EFFECT OF ICT ON TOURIST EXPERIENCE IN DKI JAKARTA AS "SMART CITY"
Authors: Cahyadi Hery Sigit , Novriyanti Anissa 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRAKSebagai Ibu Kota, Jakarta adalah salah satu kota di Indonesia yang mengimplementasikan TIK dan mentransformasikannya menjadi kota yang cerdas. Beberapa kegiatan yang berkaitan dengan kebijakan publik telah menggunakan aplikasi TIK yang dikelola melalui pusat komando pemantauan dan evaluasi. Penelitian ini mencoba untuk mengetahui apakah aplikasi TIK yang telah diterapkan mempengaruhi kegiatan bepergian di DKI Jakarta, terutama yang berkaitan dengan pengalaman wisata. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik analisis data kuantitatif dengan mengambil sampel wisatawan asing dan domestik dari 190 responden masing-masing. Penyebaran kuesioner dilakukan di beberapa tempat wisata utama di DKI Jakarta seperti Monas, Kota Tua, Taman Mini Indonesia Indah, Kebun Binatang Ragunan. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa TIK belum memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap pengalaman bepergian di DKI Jakarta. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji TIK untuk pengalaman wisatawan yang bepergian dalam kaitannya dengan Jakarta sebagai kota pintar yang mendukung pengembangan wisata cerdas tujuan. Kata Kunci : Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi, Jakarta, Pengalaman Berwisata, Smart City ABSTRACTAs the Capital City, Jakarta is one of the cities in Indonesia that implements ICT and transform into a smart city. Some activities related to public policies have used ICT applications that are managed through a monitoring and evaluation command center. This study tries to find out whether ICT applications that have been applied affect the activities of traveling in DKI Jakarta, especially related to the tourist experience. This study uses quantitative data analysis techniques by taking samples of foreign and domestic tourists of 190 respondents each. The distribution of questionnaires was carried out in several major tourist attractions in DKI Jakarta such as Monas, Old Town, Taman Mini Indonesia Indah, Ragunan Zoo. The results found that ICT has not had a significant influence on the experience of traveling in DKI Jakarta.The purpose of this study is to test ICT for the experience of traveling tourists in relation to Jakarta as a smart city that supports the development of smart tourist destinations. Keywords: DKI Jakarta , ICT, Smart City, Tourist Experience,
Evaluation of Earthquake Magnitude Estimation and Event Detection Thresholds for Real-Time GNSS Networks: Examples from Recent Events Captured by the Network of the Americas
Authors: Hodgkinson Kathleen M. , Mencin David J. , Feaux Karl , Sievers Charles , Mattioli Glen S. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Several studies have shown that real-time (RT) Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) measurements can provide an estimate of an earthquake’s moment magnitude (Mw) using scaling laws that relate peak ground displacements (PGDs) and hypocentral distance with Mw. In this study, we use data from GNSS stations operated by UNAVCO as part of the National Science Foundation Geodetic Facility for the Advancement of Geoscience (GAGE) that comprises the Network of the Americas (NOTA) to show that precise point positioning (PPP) solutions distributed in RT during five recent earthquakes could be used to calculate Mw rapidly and reliably. We analyze solutions distributed by UNAVCO during the 8 September 2017 Mw 8.2 Tehuantepec, Mexico, 10 January 2018 Mw 7.5 Great Swan Island, Honduras, 23 January 2018 Mw 7.9 Gulf of Alaska earthquake, and the 4 July 2019 Mw 6.4 and 6 July 2019 Mw 7.1 Ridgecrest, California, earthquakes.
We find that RT-GNSS Mw estimates consistent with Advanced National Seismic System Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog values are available tens of seconds to a few minutes after the event origin time. The speed with which an estimate is available is dependent on the proximity to the epicenter of the closest NOTA stations. The results demonstrate that RT-GNSS networks could be used to mitigate the problem of magnitude saturation observed in seismic-based earthquake early warning (EEW) systems. RT-GNSS effectively expands the spectrum of events for which a seismic EEW system can provide accurate warnings of impending ground shaking and provides an independent verification of seismically derived magnitudes. We also analyze the RT-PPP solutions from more than 800 RT-GNSS stations to determine the ambient-noise levels of each NOTA station and combine that with PGD magnitude scaling laws to construct regional network sensitivity maps for the NOTA network. Such maps may be used to determine “blind spots” or regions of lower sensitivity in RT-GNSS networks under consideration for EEW.
Near-Field Ground Motions from the July 2019 Ridgecrest, California, Earthquake Sequence
Authors: Hough Susan E. , Thompson Eric , Parker Grace A. , Graves Robert W. , Hudnut Kenneth W. , Patton Jason , Dawson Timothy , Ladinsky Tyler , Oskin Michael , Sirorattanakul Krittanon , Blake Kelly , Baltay Annemarie , Cochran Elizabeth 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe 2019 Ridgecrest, California, earthquake sequence, including an Mw 6.4 event on 4 July and an Mw 7.1 approximately 34 hr later, was recorded by 15 instruments within 55 km nearest-fault distance. To characterize and explore near-field ground motions from the Mw 6.4 foreshock and Mw 7.1 mainshock, we augment these records with available macroseismic information, including conventional intensities and displaced rocks. We conclude that near-field shaking intensities were generally below modified Mercalli intensity 9, with concentrations of locally high values toward the northern and southern termini of the mainshock rupture. We further show that, relative to near-field ground motions at hard-rock sites, instrumental ground motions at alluvial near-field sites for both the Mw 6.4 foreshock and Mw 7.1 mainshock were depleted in energy at frequencies higher than 2–3 Hz, as expected from ground-motion models. Both the macroseismic and instrumental observations suggest that sediments in the Indian Wells Valley experienced a pervasively nonlinear response, which helps explain why shaking intensities and damage in the closest population center, Ridgecrest, were relatively modest given its proximity to the earthquakes.
A Database of Digitized and Analog Seismograms of Historical Earthquakes in Japan
Authors: Murotani Satoko , Satake Kenji , Tsuruoka Hiroshi , Miyake Hiroe , Sato Toshiaki , Hashimoto Tetsuo , Kanamori Hiroo 
Published: April 2020

AbstractSeismic and tsunami instrumental observations by seismographs and tide gauges began in Japan in 1875; hence, many analog records of earthquakes and tsunamis are stored at various universities and institutions throughout the country. Re-examination of historical records using modern waveform analysis methods, high-performance computing, and current knowledge on seismic velocity structure is expected to produce new results and interpretations of the mechanism of large earthquakes and tsunamis, leading to improved seismic disaster mitigation practices. However, such work requires extensive effort and skills for the digitization of the analog waveforms recorded on papers. To conveniently use the analog seismograms, we currently construct a database of digitized historical records and seismogram image copies of major earthquakes that occurred in Japan (e.g., the 1923 Kanto, 1944 Tonankai, and 1946 Nankai earthquakes). The data can be searched in this database by event, station, and seismograph names. Users can obtain the instrumental response and station information, if available, in addition to the digitized data. We plan to open this database to the public in a few years via the National Museum of Nature and Science and the Earthquake Research Institute of the University of Tokyo. The database on the museum website will be fundamental for outreach activity of seismology for the general public, and the information contained in the database will be useful in various fields such as seismology or earthquake engineering.
Automatic Inversion of Rupture Processes of the Foreshock and Mainshock and Correlation of the Seismicity during the 2019 Ridgecrest Earthquake Sequence
Authors: Zhang Yijun , Zheng Xujun , Chen Qiang , Liu Xianwen , Huang Xiaomei , Yang Yinghui , Xu Qian , Zhao Jingjing 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe 2019 Ridgecrest, California, earthquake sequence included an Mw 6.4 foreshock on 4 July, followed by an Mw 7.1 mainshock about 32 hr later. We determined the rupture patterns of the foreshock and mainshock by applying the automatic iterative deconvolution and stacking method to strong-motion records. The foreshock was characterized by a unilateral rupture toward the southwest, and the shallow portion had a relatively large slip with the maximum value of ∼1.4  m. The mainshock presents an asymmetrical bilateral rupture with an average rupture velocity of 2.0  km/s. More than 80% of the seismic moment was released on the northwest segment of the fault, producing a maximum slip of ∼5.2  m. With the two inferred slip models, we calculated the Coulomb failure stress change (ΔCFS) to analyze the spatial–temporal correlation of the seismicity activity in this sequence. The result shows that the epicenter of the Mw 7.1 mainshock was brought 0.4 bars closer to failure by the Mw 6.4 foreshock, and the stress-increased zone has a good spatial consistence with the coseismic slip distribution of the mainshock and the aftershock distribution of the foreshock. Besides, the positive ΔCFS induced by the mainshock also enhanced its aftershock activity, especially at depths of 4–10 km where the major rupture occurred, inferring that the mainshock-induced ΔCFS may be responsible for the occurrence of aftershocks. In addition, we test the effects of different cutoff frequencies and crust velocity structures on the inversion results. The result reveals that the main source rupture characteristics are almost independent of these factors, implying a high reliability of automation inversion of strong-motion data. Overall, this work indicates that automatic inversion of strong-motion data can provide reliable and rapid rupture model, which is essential for earthquake emergency responses and tsunami early warnings.
Effect of nasal obstruction surgery on eustachian tube function and middle ear ventilation
Authors: Rathaur Shiv Kumar , Verma Jagram 
Published: April 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of surgery for nasal obstruction in improving Eustachian tube function and middle ear ventilation.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This prospective study involved 60 patients with different nasal pathologies causing nasal obstruction along with complaints of ear fullness. In required cases the nasal pathologies were surgically managed. Pre and postoperative impedance audiometric evaluation and nasal endoscopy were done to assess the eustachian tube function, changes the value of middle ear pressure and ear fullness sensation at 1 month and at 3 months after surgery. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Preoperatively, 56 (93.3%) patients had sensation of ear fullness, postoperatively at 1 month and at 3 months after nasal surgery only 20 (33.3%) patient and 18 (30%) respectively, has sensation of ear fullness, with signiﬁcant improvement (p&lt;0.05). Preoperatively, 74 (61.6%) ears were type A tympanogram, 50 ears of them had poor eustachian tube function and 24 ears had good Eustachian tube function. 42 (35%) ears were type C, 4 (3.3%) ear were type B tympanogram, all of them had poor eustachian tube function. The postoperative results of eustachian tube function test and tympanometric value were signiﬁcantly better than preoperative results (p&lt;0.05).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> We find out that nasal obstruction has a deﬁnite relationship with eustachian tube function. Surgery for nasal obstruction has a favourable effect on the middle ear pressure and eustachian tube function. Corrective surgery for nasal obstruction should be considered at least 1 month before undertaking the middle ear surgery to improve middle ear ventilation.</p>
Síndrome HELLP: descripción de 100 casos en Bogotá - Colombia, 1999
Authors: Martínez Martínez Fernando , Zapata Clavijo Sandra Patricia , Quintero Sandra Liliana 
Published: April 2020

OBJETIVO: describir la incidencia del síndrome HELLP, sus principales características clínicas y de laboratorio, y la morbi-mortalidad materna y fetal.MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Descripción prospectiva de cien casos de mujeres preeclámpticas con síndrome HELLP admitidas en la unidad de alto riesgo de la Clínica San Pedro Claver de Bogotá entre octubre de 1988 y junio de 1999.RESULTADOS: La incidencia fue de 9.6 casos por cada 1000 nacidos vivos, con un promedio de edad materna de 29 años, y predominio en mujeres multíparas (68%).Las principales complicaciones maternas fueron falla renal y eclampsia. La mortalidad materna fue 6% y perinatal 9%.Recuentos plaquetarios inferiores a 50.000 y cifras elevadas de transaminas se asocian con incremento del riesgo de muerte materna por síndrome HELLP.CONCLUSIONES: El síndrome HELLP es una entidad de alto impacto materno y perinatal que debe sospecharse en los servicios de urgencias obstétricas y amerita mayores estudios para mejorar su diagnóstico y manejo.
Pengaruh Variasi JarakKolom Kapur dalam Stabilisasi Tanah Lempung Lunak pada Tinjauan Nilai Indek Pemampatan Tanah(Cc)
Authors: Apriyono Arwan , Sumiyanto Sumiyanto 
Published: April 2020

<p>Numerousbuildingslocated in north area of Java Island encountersettlement problem. The settlementoccurs because most ofsoil in the areais soft clay soil. The behavior of this soilis characterized by the large value of coefficient compression (Cc) and small valueof bearing capacity. This condition causes potentially great consolidation settlement. In this research, limes column stabilization method will be applied to make soft clay soil better. Limes columns were expected to reduce Cc value therefore consolidation settlement decreases. This research was conducted throughlaboratory experiment, usingbox100 cm in lengths, 40 cm in wide, and 40 cmin height. Three variations of diameters (5 cm, 10 cm, 15 cm) and three variations of distance of sample taken from outside of the limes column mould (10 cm,20 cm, 30 cm) was applied in this research. Influence of limes column to the value of Ccwasexamined. The result of this research showsthat limescolumn couldsignificantlyreduceCcvalue. TheCc valuedecreases when thedistance of sample taking placedecreases. The average of Ccdeclineon three variationsdistance of column (10 cm, 20 cm, 30 cm)are 17.28%, 44.97%, 52.24%respectively. The most efficient distance of thelimes column is 20 cm.</p>
Peramalan Aliran Masukan Waduk Mrica Menggunakan ModelThomas-Fieringdan Jaringan Syaraf Tiruan ANFIS
Authors: Rosyadi Imron 
Published: April 2020

<p>Inflow forecasting in hydrology processes is important tool in water resources management,planning, and utilization. The fulfillment of this operational hydrology isvery applicable, especially where onlyan insufficient amount of data collected over an insufficient length of time is available. The Thomas-Fiering Method is one of the most useful and widely used synthetic flow models. In last year’s, ArtificialNeural Network (ANN)method and Fuzzy Logic have introduced in hydrological processes. Mrica hydropower reservoir in Central Java, Indonesia, has suffered water sustainability andenergy sustainability problems since the reservoir management used simple-operator judged waterinflow forecasting method. In this paper, an ANN and Fuzzy Logic hybrid algorithm calledAdaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System(ANFIS) and Thomas-Fiering model are employed to estimate water inflow to the Mrica reservoir. ANFIS performs better for long-range inflow forecasting, while Thomas-Fiering model was better for short-range forecasting.</p>