bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH METODE LATIHAN INTERVAL INTENSIF TERHADAP PENINGKATAN SNATCH PADA ATLET ANGKAT BESI FAMILY BARBELL CLUB MATA AIR PADANG
Authors: Garcia Ivan , Badri Hanif 
Published: February 2020

Masalah pada penelitian ini adalah rendahnya kemampuan angkatan snatch atlet angkat besi Family Barbell Club Mata Air Padang. Dari pengamatan peneliti pada Porprov Padang Pariaman dimana atlet sering menjatuhkan angkatannya sehingga gagal dalam merebutkan medali, maka tujuan penelitian ini adalah Untuk mengetahui pengaruh latihan interval intensif terhadap peningkatan angkatan snatch pada atlet angkat besi Family Barbell Club di Mata Air Padang.
Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen semu, populasi dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 25 orang. Cara pengambilan sampel dengan purposive sampling, sampel yang dipakai atlet putri 5 orang dan putra 5 orang yang berjumlah 10 orang. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah tes kemampuan angkatan snatch dimulai dari tes awal (pre-test), selanjutnya diberikan pelakuan metode latihan interval intensif yaitu latihan squat dan di akhiri dengan tes akhir (post-test). Analisis data dan pengujian hipotesis penelitian Menggunakan uji-t dengan taraf signifikansi α=0,05
Berdasarkan hasil penelitian memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan antara kemampuan angkatan snatch atlet angkat besi Family Barbell Club Mata Air Padang. Peningkatan angkatan snatch adalah putri 2 dan putra 2 dengan rata-rata tes awal putri 32 dan tes akhir putri 34 sedangkan putra tes awal 54 dan tes akhir 56. Uji hipotesis yaitu putri thitung (4,54) > ttabel (2,776) dan uji hipotesis putra thitung (3,03) > ttabel (2,776).
[Additional link] Malcolm Evans cartoons in PJR
Authors: Evans Malcolm 
Published: February 2020

Malcolm Evans cartoons in PJR
Always happiest with a pencil in his hand, Malcolm Evans has been a professional cartoonist since the 60s. Approaching that milestone himself now, he tells everyone he's twenty eight and often behaves like someone half that age.
Since first cartooning for the Bay of Plenty Times in his hometown of Tauranga where he had started work in the advertising department, Evans worked as a cartoonist in England before joining the New Zealand Herald in 1970. After succeeding Sir Gordon Minnhinnick in 1976, Evans left the Herald in 1978 and returned to the advertising industry, but continued to supply his popular Edna cartoons to rural papers in New Zealand and in Australia.
After publishing eight volumes of Edna books Malcolm Evans returned to full time cartooning with the New Zealand Herald in 1996 and was judged NZ cartoonist of the year in 1999.www.evanscartoons.com/other_pages/about.htm
REVIEWS: Hounding the 'great voyager'
Authors: Bedggood David 
Published: February 2020

Review of The Trial of the Cannibal Dog: Captain Cook in the South Seas, by Anne SalmondCook has had a great reputation as an idealised 'great voyager' and Enlightenment figure, meticulous and reasoning in some accounts (see for example, Beaglehole's editions of Cook's journals), but is also available to be demonised as a representative of an precursor to cultural imperialism and colonialism in the Pacific: the kitchen, it could be said, is alread over-populated with 'Cooks'. Yet for all the many volumes already produced on the subject of Cook, The Trail of the Cannibal Dog,by anthropologist and historian Anne Salmond, should be seen as a valuable addition, in that it extends the scope of the discussion of the voyages and the cultural contact they endagered.
Bush Bugarup
Authors: Richards Deborah 
Published: February 2020

When the ABC Four Corners programme 'Bush Bugarup' about the timber industry in Papua New Guinea was shown in May 1994, it stirred a controversy in the country and headlines in the press. but it was not mentioned by the Rimbunan Hijau-associated National daily newspaper. This is an edited extract from the script, published for the first time.
PNG: Under the spell
Authors: Vatsikopoulous Helen 
Published: February 2020

Corruption and law and order problems beset Papua New Guinea in its 20th year of independence. Says former Governor of the Central Bank, Sir Mekere Morauta: 'This nation is under the spell of the statement that we are rich. So our riches will deliver us from the evils, from our own evils. They didn't. Where are we now?' [Transcript of an SBS Dateline programme PNG: Under the Spell, broadcast on 6 May 1995, and rebroadcast on PNG's EM TV on May 15, amid controversy].
CARTOONISTS: Campion Ohasio
Authors: Ohasio Campion 
Published: February 2020

The cartoons of Campion Ohasio, former Uni Tavur cartoonist and now co-editor of the Solomons Voice in Honiara, were featured in the last special edition of Pacific Journalism Review under the title 'Ting Ting Bilong Mi'. Here are several of his cartoons on Solomon Islands issues.
REVIEW: Gaining the edge in the timber furore
Authors: Robie David 
Published: February 2020

Review of The Contemporary Pacific: A Journal of Pacific Island Affairs, Vol 9 No1. Special Issue: 'Logging the South-western Pacific: Perspectives from Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, and Vanuatu.' Edited by Kathleen Barlow and Steven Winduo. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press.
Too often reporters become captivated either to the logging company developers, or the non-government organisations campaigning for conservation. Whoever mounts the best public relations campaign for the moment gets the ear of the press. And too often it is the forestry industry, with its better PR resources, that has the edge. Few Pacific journalists ask the hard questions, or dig deeper. Journalism by the press release and rhetoric is the general rule.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Metode SQ3R dan Motivasi Belajar terhadap Kemampuan Memahami Bacaan SIswa Kelas IV Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Se-Kecamatan Sawahan
Authors: Setyowati Yeti Nur 
Published: February 2020

<p class="abstract">Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah: 1) Untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan metode SQ3R terhadap kemampuan memahami bacaan; 2) Untuk mengetahui pengaruh motivasi belajar siswa terhadap kemampuan memahami bacaan; 3) Untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan metode pembelajaran SQ3R dan motivasi belajar terhadap kemampuan memahami bacaan. Sampel dalam peneletian ini adalah siswa kelas IV Madrasah Ibtidaiyah di Kecamatan Sawahan Kabupaten Madiun. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian Kuantitatif. Data yang digunakan adalah data Primer dan Sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah Dokumentasi, Kuesioner dan Tes. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis data secara deskriptif dan analisis data secara Inferensial dengan menggunakan teknik analisis of variance (ANOVA) dalam program SPSS. Hasil analisis menunjukkan: 1). Ada pengaruh penggunaan metode SQ3R terhadap kemampuan memahami bacaan, dengan nilai F hitung lebih kecil dari F tabel (0,001 &lt; 0,05). 2). Ada pengaruh tinggi rendah motivasi belajar siswa terhadap kemampuan memahami bacaan, dengan nilai F hitung lebih kecil dari F tabel (0,002 &lt; 0,05). 3). Ada pengaruh penggunaan metode pembelajaran SQ3R dan motivasi belajar terhadap kemampuan memahami bacaan, dengan nilai F hitung lebih kecil dari F tabel (0,008 &lt; 0,05). Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh penggunaan metode SQ3R dan moviasi belajar baik secara parsial maupun secara bersama-sama terhadap kemampuan memahami bacaan, pada siswa kelas 4 Madrasah Ibtidaiyah di Kecamatan Sawahan Kabupaten Madiun.</p>
Pengaruh Kualitas Pelaksanaan Gerakan Literasi dan Minat Baca Terhadap Hasil Belajar Berbicara Siswa SD Negeri Segugus Taman, Kota Madiun
Authors: Nuryanti Ririn 
Published: February 2020

<p class="abstract">Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) menemukan pengaruh kualitas pelaksanaan Literasi Sekolah terhadap hasil belajar berbicara siswa SD Negeri segugus Taman kota Madiun; (2) menemukan pengaruh minat membaca terhadap hasil belajar berbicara siswa SD Negeri segugus Taman kota Madiun. (3) menemukan interaksi antara kualitas pelaksanaan literasi dan minat membaca terhadap hasil belajar berbicara siswa SD Negeri segugus Taman kota Madiun.Metode Penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode quasi eksperiment dengan desain penelitian factorial 2 X 2. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan angket untuk gerakan literasi sekolah dan minat baca, serta hasil belajar berbicara .Informan dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas V.Teknik analisis data menggunakan Anava dua jalan dengan program SPSS versi 13. Dari analisis Inferensial diperoleh simpulan: (1) Ada pengaruh kualitas pelaksanaan gerakan literasi sekolah terhadap hasil belajar berbicara siswa SD secara signifikan antara kelompok kualitas pelaksanaan gerakan literasi tinggi dengan kualitas pelaksanaan gerakan literasi rendah. (2) Ada pengaruh minat baca terhadap prestasi berbicara siswa SD secara signifikan antara kelompok minat baca tinggi dengan minat baca rendah. (3) Ada interaksi antara kualitas pelaksanaan literasi dan minat baca terhadap prestasi belajar berbicara siswa SD secara signifikan ditinjau dari antara pelaksanaan gerakan literasi dengan minat baca.</p>
Evaluasi Sistem Proteksi Aktif dan Pasif sebagai Upaya Penanggulangan Bahaya Kebakaran pada Gedung Sekolah X Bandung
Authors: Ratnayanti Katarina Rini , Hajati Nur Laeli , Trianisa Yulia 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRAK
Gedung Sekolah X di Kota Bandung berada di dalam sebuah komplek perumahan dan merupakan salah satu gedung yang memiliki tingkat risiko sedang untuk terjadinya bahaya kebakaran. Dilihat dari banyaknya sumber potensi bahaya yang ada di dalam gedung sekolah dan penghuninya masih anak-anak, yang relatif belum dapat secara sadar melakukan penyelamatan secara mandiri, merupakan obyek yang harus dilindungi. Oleh karena itu diperlukan suatu sistem proteksi terhadap bencana kebakaran sebagai sebuah upaya penanggulangan terhadap bahaya kebakaran. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui ketersediaan dan kecukupan sistem proteksi aktif dan pasif yang ada pada Gedung Sekolah X di Bandung. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara observasi dan wawancara. Selanjutnya dilakukan metode analisis gap untuk membandingkan ketersediaan sistem proteksi aktif dan pasif yang terpasang pada gedung sekolah, dibandingkan dengan kondisi yang diharapkan sesuai dengan peraturan yang berlaku, sehingga dapat diketahui kesenjangan dari sistem proteksi kebakaran pada gedung sekolah yang dimaksud. Langkah selanjutnya adalah pengambilan keputusan mengenai ketersediaan dan kecukupan system proteksi aktif dan pasif pada gedung sekolah tersebut dan memberi rekomendasi yang mungkin dapat dilakukan Gedung Sekolah X di Bandung ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa sistem proteksi kebakaran aktif dan pasif yang terpasang pada Gedung Sekolah X Bandung belum sepenuhnya memenuhi standar yang berlaku untuk bangunan gedung sekolah yang aman terhadap bahaya kebakaran.

Kata kunci: proteksi aktif, proteksi pasif, penanggulangan, kebakaran

ABSTRACT
X school building in Bandung is located in a housing complex and is one of the buildings that has a medium level of risk for fires, as seen from the many potential dangers in the school building and the residents are relative children who must be protected. Therefore, a fire protection system is needed as an effort to overcome fire hazards. This study aims to determine the fire protection system installed in the Bandung X School Building has met the applicable standards. Data collection is done of observation and interviews. Next, gap analysis method is done next to compare the condition of fire protection system installed school building with the expected conditions so as to know the shortcomings of the fire protection system and can be given the recommendations may be the X school building in Bandung did. The results showed that the fire protection system installed at the Bandung X School Building had not fully met the standards that apply to buildings that are safe against fire hazards.

Keywords: active protection, passive protection, preventif, fire
Jual Rugi Pada Persaingan Usaha Fotocopy Di Lingkungan Kampus Iain Langsa (Perspektif Uu No. 5 Tahun 1999 Dan Fiqh)
Authors: Adelia Adelia 
Published: February 2020

<p><em>Jual rugi </em><em>yang dilakukan oleh pengusaha fotocopy dengan cara menetapkan harga yang sangat rendah dengan maksud untuk menyingkirkan atau mematikan usaha pesaingnya, bertentangan dengan isi </em><em>Undang-undang No. 5 Tahun 1999 Pasal 20 yang menyebutkan bahwa pelaku usaha dilarang melakukan jual rugi atau menetapkan harga yang sangat rendah dengan maksud untuk menyingkirkan atau mematikan usaha pesaingnya.</em><em>Islam menyambut baik sistem persaingan dalam melakukan usaha, karena pada dasarnya Islam tetap memiliki prinsip kebebasan dalam melakukan berbagai kegiatan mu’amalah termasuk di dalamnya persaingan, akan tetapi persaingan harus sesuai dengan syari’ah. </em><em>Persaingan yang terjadi pada usaha fotocopy di lingkungan IAIN Langsa di mana harga yang ditetapkan pendatang baru sangat rendah, yang mengakibatkan pengusaha lama kehilangan pelanggan dan menutup usahanya. Persaingan ini menimbulkan </em><em>ketidak adilan yang dirasakan oleh pengusaha fotocopy, tindakan tersebut tidak sesuai dengan maqashid syari’ah, dan memberikan mudharat kepada diri sendiri juga kepada pengusaha lain.</em><em></em></p>
Peningkatan Kemampuan Kerja Sama melalui Kegiatan Kerja Kelompok Pada Anak Kelompok A TK Kartika Salo Kabupaten Kampar
Authors: Fauziddin Mohammad 
Published: February 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah meningkatkan kemampuan kerja sama anak melalui kegiatan kerja kelompok pada anak Kelompok A Taman Kanak-kanak (TK) Kartika Salo Kabupaten Kampar. Kegiatan kerja kelompok dipilih karena kegiatan ini dapat menggerakan anak melakukan kerjasama dengan baik. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas kolaboratifÂ yang menggunakan model Kemmis dan Mc Taggart. Subjek pada penelitian ini adalah 16 anak Kelompok A TK Kartika Salo Kampar yang terdiri dari 6 anak laki-laki dan 10 anak perempuan. Objek penelitian ini yaitu kemampuan kerja sama anak yang meliputi kemampuan berinteraksi, tanggung jawab, dan saling membantu. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi dan dokumentasi. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah lembar observasi. Teknik analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif kuantitatif. Indikator keberhasilan dalam penelitian ini adalah apabila perhitungan persentase seluruh aspek menunjukkan nilai 80%. HasilÂ penelitian ini menunjukkanÂ bahwaÂ kemampuanÂ kerjaÂ samaÂ anakÂ meningkat setelah adanya tindakan melalui kegiatan kerja kelompok. Dari data Siklus I persentase kemampuan kerja sama anak 65%. Pada Siklus II kemampuan kerja sama anak mengalami peningkatan menjadi 93%. Dapat dikatakan bahwa penelitian ini berhasil karena persentase sudah melebihi angka yang ditentukan, yakni 80%.
ЗАЩИТА ФОТОСИНТЕТИЧЕСКИХ ПИГМЕНТОВ ЭКСТРАКТАМИ FOLIA SALVIA OFFICINALIS И RADIX GLYCYRRHIZAE ПРИ СТРЕССЕ ИОНАМИ МЕДИ
Authors: Дадашева С.Б. 
Published: February 2020

Проведены сравнительные исследования состояния фотосинтетических пигментов в листьях 7 дневных проростков пшеницы (Triticum aestivum L.), подвергнутых в течение 24, 48, 72 часов действию токсических ионов Cu2+ (10-3М). Полученные результаты показали, что при всех рН среды и временных экспозициях более устойчивым к действию ионов меди был хлорофилл b (Хл b). Экстракты полученные из корней солодки (Radix glycyrrhizae), листьев шалфея (Folia Salvia officinalis) были использованы для определения их протекторных свойств при данном стрессе.
Было определено, что действие экстракта шалфея через 24 часа при рН 4,5 среде повышало содержание Хл а на 51%, а при рН 6,8 на 35% относительно стресса. Через 48 часов экспозиции при рН 4,5 можно выделить действие экстракта солодки. Наблюдалось увеличение содержания Хл b на 75%, а Хл а на 70%. При рН 6,8 экстракты как шалфея, так и солодка восстанавливали поглощающую способность обоих пигментов. Через 72 часа экспозиции эффект экстрактов был незначительный. Можно предположить, что исследуемые экстракты обладают антиокислительными (АО) свойствами и способны тушить реактивные формы кислорода (РФК) образующиеся при действии тяжелого металла (ТМ).
Prevalence of Perforated Graft in Underlay and Pop-in Technique Myringoplasty
Authors: Pandey Bhuwan Raj , KC Poonam 
Published: February 2020

Introduction: Underlay technique myringoplasty is most commonly used technique to repair tympanic membrane perforation by temporalis fascia graft and Trans-tympanic pop-in technique is an another technique that allows temporalis fascia graft placement medial to tympanic membrane remnant through the perforation without the need for tympano-meatal flap elevation. This study was undertaken to find the prevalence of perforated graft in underlay and Pop-in Technique Myringoplasty.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was done at Manipal teaching hospital, Pokhara, Nepal and comprises of 86 patients between January 2014 and June 2015. Patients undergoing Underlay Trans-canal approach by tympano-meatal flap elevation and Trans-canal, Trans-tympanic pop-in technique were included. Sample size calculation was done and convenient sampling method was applied. Point estimate at 95% CI was done for binary data along with frequency and proportion. The descriptive statistical analysis was done.
Results: The prevalence of perforated graft was 15 (17.4%) at 95% Confidence Interval (39.75-60.25%).In underlay technique there were 8 (18.60 %) perforation and 35 (81.39%) were intact while in pop-intechnique there were 7 (16.27%) perforation and 36 (83.72%) were intact. The postoperative meanPure Tone Average (PTA) of underlay was 9.53 and pop-in was 8.31. The mean Pure Tone Average(PTA) gain after underlay technique was 16.095 and pop in technique was 16.87.
Conclusions: Trans-tympanic pop-in myringoplasty gives similar hearing & graft uptake results when compared with tympano-meatal flap method of underlay myringoplasty done by trans-canal.
Biofilm Formation and Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase Producer among Acinetobacter Species Isolated in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Sharma Manisha , Sapkota Jyotshna , Jha Beena , Mishra Bhavesh , Bhatt Chandra Prakash 
Published: February 2020

Introduction: Acinetobacter species are short, stout, gram-negative coccobacilli, generally considered to be a relatively low-grade pathogen. However, its resistance towards multiple classes of antibiotics through an array of resistance mechanisms including its ability to form biofilm has led to its emergence as an important pathogen in hospital settings. This study was done to determine the prevalence of biofilm former and Extended-spectrum Beta-Lactamase producer among Acinetobacter species.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was done in the clinical microbiology laboratory, Kathmandu Medical College from January to June 2019. Convenient sampling method was used. Ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Review Committee, Ref no. 2812201805. Preliminary identification followed by characterization of Acinetobacter species was done. Antibiotic susceptibility test was done using the Kirby-Bauer method following Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. Extended-spectrum Beta-Lactamase was detected by combined disc method and Biofilm detection was done using congo red agar method. Statistical Package for Social Sciences 16.0 version statistical software package was used for statistical analysis. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequencyand proportion for binarydata.
Results: Among 108 Acinetobacter species, 86 (79.7%) Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-A. baumannii complex was seen. Seventy-eight (72%) of the isolates were multidrug-resistant, 34 (31%) of the isolates were Extended-spectrum Beta-Lactamase producer and only 10 (9.3%) of the isolates, were biofilm producers.
Conclusions: Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter spp. with the ability to produce Extended-spectrum Beta-Lactamase is prevalent in our hospital settings. Strict compliance with infection control practices is necessary to curb its spread.
Prevalence of Postpartum Family Planning Service Coverage in Selected Referral Facilities of Nepal
Authors: Thapa Kusum , Dhital Rolina , Rajbhandari Sameena , Thapa Shikha , Pokhrel Sabina , Mishra Sangeeta , Subedi Shanti , Singh Dela , Acharya Shreedhar , Pokhrel Sunil Mani , Thapa Kalpana , Poudel Atit , Vaidya Sapana , Tunnacliffe Emily‐Anne , Makins Anita , Arulkumaran Sabaratnam 
Published: February 2020

Introduction: Nepal Society of Obstetricians and Gynecologists jointly with the Nepalese governmentand with the support from the International Federation of Obstetrics and Gynecology hasimplemented an initiative to institutionalize postpartum family planning services in selected majorreferral facilities of Nepal to address the gap of low uptake of postpartum family planning in Nepal.The aim of the study is to find the prevalence of the service coverage of postpartum contraception inthe selected facilities.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in seven major referral facilities acrossNepal. Data were collected from the hospital records of all women who delivered in these facilitiesbetween October 2018 and March 2019. Ethical approval for this study was obtained from NepalHealth Research Council. Data analysis was done with SPSS version 23.
Results: Among the 29,072 deliveries from all the facilities, postpartum family planning counselingcoverage was 27,301 (93.9%). The prevalence of uptake of Postpartum Intrauterine Device is 1581(5.4%) and female sterilization is 1830 (6.3%). In total 11387 mothers (52.2%) had the intention tochoose a postpartum family planning method. However, 36% of mothers neither used nor had theintention to choose a postpartum family planning method.
Conclusions: The coverage of Postpartum Intrauterine Device counseling service coverage in Nepal ishigher in 2018 as compared to 2016-2017 and in other countries implementing Postpartum IntrauterineDevice initiatives. However, the prevalence of service coverage of immediate Postpartum FamilyPlanning methods, mainly Postpartum Intrauterine Device in 2018 is lower in Nepal as compared to2016-2017, and other countries implementing Postpartum Intrauterine Device initiative. More effortsare needed to encourage mothers delivering in the facilities to use the postpartum family planningmethod.
Transrectal Ultrasound Guided Prostatic Biopsy and its Complications: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Joshi Robin 
Published: February 2020

Introduction: Transrectal ultrasound of prostate provides better visual for biopsy. Transrectalultrasound guided prostate biopsy is usually performed in men with an abnormal digital rectalexamination, and elevated prostate specific antigen (>4ng/ml) or prostate specific antigen velocity(rate of prostate specific antigen change) i.e., >0.4-0.75ng/ml/year. The aim of the study is to find outthe complications of transrectal ultrasound guided prostatic biopsies.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was done among 50 patients who transrectalultrasound guided prostatic biopsies in a tertiary care hospital, from July 2017 to July 2019 afterreceiving ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee of Kathmandu MedicalCollege and teaching hospital. Convenient sampling was done. All patients were informed aboutthe potential benefits and risks of the transrectal ultrasound guided prostate biopsy and patientssigned an informed written consent form. Statistical analysis was done by using Statistical Packagefor Social Sciences version 16.
Results: Mean prostate specific antigen was 34.571 and mean weight of prostate was 44.6gm.Moderate to severe pain was experienced by 15 (30%), 2 (4%) had hematuria with fever accountingfor 3 (6%) patients. All were managed conservatively with no mortality related to the procedure andcomplication. Three patients was positive for malignancy on re-biopsy.
Conclusions: Transrectal ultrasound guided biopsy of prostate is a pioneer experience in Nepal. Ithas proved to be an useful tool of diagnosis of suspected carcinoma of Prostate. Use of neurovascularblock may reduce the pain during the procedure.