bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plasmon Hybridization in Compressible Metal–Insulator–Metal Nanocavities: An Optical Approach for Sensing Deep Sub‐Wavelength Deformation
Authors: Carrara Angelica , Maccaferri Nicolò , Cerea Andrea , Bozzola Angelo , De Angelis Francesco , Proietti Zaccaria Remo , Toma Andrea 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA pressure‐induced deformation‐sensitive device (DSD) is presented based on 2D matrices of plasmonic gold nanodisks coupled to a metal thin layer through a compressible dielectric spacer, namely a deformable metal–insulator–metal (MIM) nanocavity, to report deep sub‐wavelength size variations (<λ/200). The system is characterized by two hybrid branches, which are resonant in the visible/near infrared spectral region. The fundamental mode, owing to the near‐field interaction between the plasmonic nanostructures and the metal film, exhibits a remarkable sensitivity to the gap size, exceeding that of a planar “macroscopic” optical cavity and extending its operational domain to the sub‐wavelength range, where excellent opportunities toward truly multiscale MIMs‐based pressure sensors can be envisioned. Concurrently, its intrinsic plasmonic nature synergistically combines into a single platform multi‐purpose functionalities, such as ultrasensitive detection and remote temperature readout, with practical perspectives in ultra‐compact inspection tools for structural and functional information at the nanoscale.
Synthesis of Seleno‐Heterocycles via Electrophilic/Radical Cyclization of Alkyne Containing Heteroatoms
Authors: Sonawane Amol D. , Sonawane Rohini A. , Ninomiya Masayuki , Koketsu Mamoru 
Published: June 2020

Abstractcontaining heterocyclic scaffolds by virtue of their interesting reactivities and a broad range of applications in the medicinal and materials chemistry. This review involves the electrophilic/radical cyclization of alkynes containing heteroatoms which resulted into the novel Se‐heterocycles. The synthesis of seleno‐heterocycles via different nucleophiles including O, N, S, Se, Te, and C‐nucleophiles is exhaustively discussed. Also, one‐pot electrophilic cyclization of 1,3‐diynes and 1,3,5‐triynes was described in details. Furthermore, the various mechanisms underlying the synthesis of selenium‐β‐lactam, carbapenem heterocycle, bis‐ and tris‐selenide alkene, β‐selenosulfonation and selenated alkynes were discussed. The Se‐heterocycles reported in this review allow preparing these selenated compounds bearing the selenium moiety both on the rings (outside) and inside the ring (e. g. selenophenes). The review demonstrates the growing opportunities to construct selenium containing heterocycles from alkynes containing heteroatoms.magnified image
Fast Charging Materials for High Power Applications
Authors: Babu Binson , Simon Patrice , Balducci Andrea 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAn overview of fast charging materials for high power applications is given. The behavior at high current density of several anodic and cathodic materials that have been utilized in lithium‐, sodium‐, and potassium‐ion batteries is considered. Furthermore, the behavior of capacitive and pseudocapacitive materials suitable for electrochemical capacitors and, also, of those that have been utilized for the realization of hybrid‐ion capacitors, which are nowadays an interesting reality in the field of high power devices, is discussed. The advantages and limitations of all these materials are critically analyzed with the aim of understanding their impact on real devices. On the basis of this analysis, the most important aspects are identified, which should be addressed in the future for the realization of advanced high power devices.
Chronic stress and age‐related pattern of blood pressure: A cross‐sectional study in rural China
Authors: Yazawa Aki , Inoue Yosuke , Tu Raoping , Yamamoto Taro , Watanabe Chiho , Kawachi Ichiro 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectiveChronic stress is a risk factor for hypertension in adults. However, there is conflicting evidence for older adults. We hypothesized that age‐related arterial stiffening, which leads to a lower blood pressure (especially diastolic blood pressure [DBP]), is more pronounced among older adults with high vs low stress. The objectives of this study were (a) to investigate age‐related trends in systolic and DBPs among adults in rural Fujian, China, and (b) to examine differences in age‐related blood pressure trends according to levels of stress by using Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) antibody titer as a marker of chronic stress status.MethodsWe collected cross‐sectional data from 764 rural community‐dwelling adults in rural Fujian, China (mean age = 59.4). Participants were categorized into high and low stress groups by median split of EBV antibody titer. A least‐squares regression analysis was used to investigate the association between age and blood pressures.ResultsWe observed an inverted U‐shaped association between age and DBP, while there was a linear association between age and systolic blood pressure in the overall sample. When stratified by stress, the inverted U‐shaped associations with age (both systolic and DBPs) were seen only among those with high stress; DBP peaked at the age of ~68 years, and the declining trend later in life was more clearly observed among those with high chronic stress.DiscussionDecrease of DBP was more pronounced among older adults with high vs low chronic stress in rural China.
Apolipoprotein E knockout rabbit model of intracranial atherosclerotic disease
Authors: Zabriskie Matthew S. , Wang Chuanzhuo , Wang Shuping , Alexander Matthew D. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIntracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD) is the most common cause of ischemic stroke. Poor understanding of the disease due to limited human data leads to imprecise treatment. Apolipoprotein E knockout (ApoE‐KO) rabbits were compared to an existing model, the Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic (WHHL) rabbit, and wild‐type New Zealand white (NZW) rabbit controls. Intracranial artery samples were assessed on histopathology for the presence of ICAD. Logistic and ordinal regression analyses were performed to assess for disease presence and severity, respectively. Eighteen rabbits and 54 artery segments were analyzed. Univariate logistic analysis confirmed the presence of ICAD in model rabbits (P < .001), while no difference was found between WHHL and ApoE‐KO rabbits (P = .178). In multivariate analysis, only classification as a model vs wild‐type animal (P < .001) was associated with the presence of ICAD. Univariate ordinal regression analysis demonstrated an association between ICAD severity and model animals (P = .001), with no difference was noted between WHHL and ApoE‐KO rabbits (P = .528). In multivariate ordinal regression analysis, only classification as a model retained significance (P < .001). ICAD can be reliably produced in ApoE‐KO rabbits, developing the disease comparably to the older WHHL model. Further analysis is warranted to optimize accelerated development of ICAD in ApoE‐KO rabbits to more efficiently study this disease.
Development and Validation of Forecasting Next Reported Seizure Using e‐Diaries
Authors: Goldenholz Daniel M. , Goldenholz Shira R. , Romero Juan , Moss Rob , Sun Haoqi , Westover Brandon 
Published: June 2020

ObjectiveThere are no validated methods for predicting the timing of seizures. Using machine learning, we sought to forecast 24‐hour risk of self‐reported seizure from e‐diaries.MethodsData from 5,419 patients on SeizureTracker.com (including seizure count, type, and duration) were split into training (3,806 patients/1,665,215 patient‐days) and testing (1,613 patients/549,588 patient‐days) sets with no overlapping patients. An artificial intelligence (AI) program, consisting of recurrent networks followed by a multilayer perceptron (“deep learning” model), was trained to produce risk forecasts. Forecasts were made from a sliding window of 3‐month diary history for each day of each patient's diary. After training, the model parameters were held constant and the testing set was scored. A rate‐matched random (RMR) forecast was compared to the AI. Comparisons were made using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), a measure of binary discrimination performance, and the Brier score, a measure of forecast calibration. The Brier skill score (BSS) measured the improvement of the AI Brier score compared to the benchmark RMR Brier score. Confidence intervals (CIs) on performance statistics were obtained via bootstrapping.ResultsThe AUC was 0.86 (95% CI = 0.85–0.88) for AI and 0.83 (95% CI = 0.81–0.85) for RMR, favoring AI (p < 0.001). Overall (all patients combined), BSS was 0.27 (95% CI = 0.23–0.31), also favoring AI (p < 0.001).InterpretationThe AI produced a valid forecast superior to a chance forecaster, and provided meaningful forecasts in the majority of patients. Future studies will be needed to quantify the clinical value of these forecasts for patients. ANN NEUROL 2020;88:588–595
The Aluminyl Anion: A New Generation of Aluminium Nucleophile
Authors: Hicks Jamie , Vasko Petra , Goicoechea Jose M. , Aldridge Simon 
Published: June 2020

AbstractTrivalent aluminium compounds are well known for their reactivity as Lewis acids/electrophiles, a feature that is exploited in many pharmaceutical, industrial and laboratory‐based reactions. Recently, a series of isolable aluminium(I) anions (“aluminyls”) have been reported, which offer an alternative to this textbook description: these reagents behave as aluminium nucleophiles. This minireview covers the synthesis, structure and reactivity of aluminyl species reported to date, together with their associated metal complexes. The frontier orbitals of each of these species have been investigated using a common methodology to allow for a like‐for‐like comparison of their electronic structure and a means of rationalising (sometimes unprecedented) patterns of reactivity.
Revisiting the Intriguing Electronic Features of the BeOBeC Carbyne and Some Isomers: A Quantum‐Chemical Assessment
Authors: Li Jilai , Geng Caiyun , Weiske Thomas , Zhou Mingfei , Li Jun , Schwarz Helmut 
Published: June 2020

AbstractExtensive high‐level quantum‐chemical calculations reveal that the rod‐shaped molecule BeOBeC, which was recently generated in matrix experiments, exists in two nearly isoenergetic states, the 5Σ quintet (56) and the 3Σ triplet (36). Their IR features are hardly distinguishable at finite temperature. The major difference concerns the mode of spin coupling between the terminal beryllium and carbon atoms. Further, the ground‐state potential‐energy surface of the [2Be,C,O] system at 4 K is presented and differences between the photochemical and thermal behaviors are highlighted. Finally, a previously not considered, so far unknown C2v‐symmetric rhombus‐like four‐membered ring 3[Be(O)(C)Be] (35) is predicted to represent the global minimum on the potential‐energy surface.
Pressure‐Induced Conversion of a Paramagnetic FeCo Complex into a Molecular Magnetic Switch with Tuneable Hysteresis
Authors: Li Yanling , Benchohra Amina , Xu Buqin , Baptiste Benoît , Béneut Keevin , Parisiades Paraskevas , Delbes Ludovic , Soyer Alain , Boukheddaden Kamel , Lescouëzec Rodrigue 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA key challenge in the design of magnetic molecular switches is to obtain bistability at room temperature. Here, we show that application of moderate pressure makes it possible to convert a paramagnetic FeIII2CoII2 square complex into a molecular switch exhibiting a full dia‐ to paramagnetic transition: FeIICoIII ⇔ FeIIICoII. Moreover, the complex follows a rare behavior: the higher the pressure, the broader the magnetic hysteresis. Thus, the application of an adequate pressure allows inducing a magnetic bistability at room temperature with predictable hysteresis width. The structural studies at different pressures suggest that the pressure‐enhanced bistability is due to the strengthening of intermolecular interactions upon pressure increase. An original microscopic Ising‐like model including pressure effects is developed to simulate this unprecedented behavior. Overall, this study shows that FeCo complexes could be very sensitive piezo switches with potential use as sensors.
Experimental and Computational Investigations of the Reactions between α,β‐Unsaturated Lactones and 1,3‐Dienes by Cooperative Lewis Acid/Brønsted Acid Catalysis
Authors: Weber Anja , Breugst Martin , Pietruszka Jörg 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe reactions of α,β‐unsaturated δ‐lactones with activated dienes such as 1,3‐dimethoxy‐1‐[(trimethylsilyl)oxy]‐1,3‐butadiene (Brassard's diene) are barely known in literature and show high potential for the synthesis of isocoumarin moieties. An in‐depth investigation of this reaction proved a stepwise mechanism via the vinylogous Michael‐products. Subsequent cyclisation and oxidation by LHMDS and DDQ, respectively, provided six mellein derivatives (30–84 %) and four angelicoin derivatives (40–78 %) over three steps. DFT‐calculations provide insights into the reaction mechanism and support the theory of a stepwise reaction.
Biomimetic surface delivery of NGF and BDNF to enhance neurite outgrowth
Authors: Sandoval‐Castellanos Ana M. , Claeyssens Frederik , Haycock John W. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractTreatment for peripheral nerve injuries includes the use of autografts and nerve guide conduits (NGCs). However, outcomes are limited, and full recovery is rarely achieved. The use of nerve scaffolds as a platform to surface immobilize neurotrophic factors and deliver locally is a promising approach to support neurite and nerve outgrowth after injury. We report on a bioactive surface using functional amine groups, to which heparin binds electrostatically. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis was used to characterize the presence of nitrogen and sulfur. Nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were bound by electrostatic interaction to heparin, and the release profile evaluated by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, which showed that ca. 1% of NGF was released from each of the bioactive surface within 7 days. Furthermore, each surface showed a maximum release of 97% of BDNF. Neurotrophin release on neurite outgrowth was evaluated by primary dorsal root ganglion with a maximum neurite growth response in vitro of 1,075 µm detected for surfaces immobilized with NGF at 1 ng/ml. In summary, the study reports on the design and construction of a biomimetic platform to deliver NGF and BDNF using physiologically low concentrations of neurotrophin. The platform is directly applicable and scalable for improving the regenerative ability of existing NGCs and scaffolds.
Bioprocess development for scalable production of cultivated meat
Authors: Hanga Mariana P. , Ali Junaid , Moutsatsou Panagiota , de la Raga Fritz A. , Hewitt Christopher J. , Nienow Alvin , Wall Ivan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractTraditional farm‐based products based on livestock are one of the main contributors to greenhouse gas emissions. Cultivated meat is an alternative that mimics animal meat, being produced in a bioreactor under controlled conditions rather than through the slaughtering of animals. The first step in the production of cultivated meat is the generation of sufficient reserves of starting cells. In this study, bovine adipose‐derived stem cells (bASCs) were used as starting cells due to their ability to differentiate towards both fat and muscle, two cell types found in meat. A bioprocess for the expansion of these cells on microcarriers in spinner flasks was developed. Different cell seeding densities (1,500, 3,000, and 6,000 cells/cm2) and feeding strategies (80%, 65%, 50%, and combined 80%/50% medium exchanges) were investigated. Cell characterization was assessed pre‐ and postbioprocessing to ensure that bioprocessing did not negatively affect bASC quality. The best growth was obtained with the lowest cell seeding density (1,500 cells/cm2) with an 80% medium exchange performed (p < .0001) which yielded a 28‐fold expansion. The ability to differentiate towards adipogenic, osteogenic, and chondrogenic lineages was retained postbioprocessing and no significant difference (p > .5) was found in clonogenicity pre‐ or postbioprocessing in any of the feeding regimes tested.
Virus harvesting in perfusion culture: Choosing the right type of hollow fiber membrane
Authors: Nikolay Alexander , de Grooth Joris , Genzel Yvonne , Wood Jeffery A. , Reichl Udo 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe use of bioreactors coupled to membrane‐based perfusion systems enables very high cell and product concentrations in vaccine and viral vector manufacturing. Many virus particles, however, are not stable and either lose their infectivity or physically degrade resulting in significant product losses if not harvested continuously. Even hollow fiber membranes with a nominal pore size of 0.2 µm can retain much smaller virions within a bioreactor. Here, we report on a systematic study to characterize structural and physicochemical membrane properties with respect to filter fouling and harvesting of yellow fever virus (YFV; ~50 nm). In tangential flow filtration perfusion experiments, we observed that YFV retention was only marginally determined by nominal but by effective pore sizes depending on filter fouling. Evaluation of scanning electron microscope images indicated that filter fouling can be reduced significantly by choosing membranes with (i) a flat inner surface (low boundary layer thickness), (ii) a smooth material structure (reduced deposition), (iii) a high porosity (high transmembrane flux), (iv) a distinct pore size distribution (well‐defined pore selectivity), and (v) an increased fiber wall thickness (larger effective surface area). Lowest filter fouling was observed with polysulfone (PS) membranes. While the use of a small‐pore PS membrane (0.08 µm) allowed to fully retain YFV within the bioreactor, continuous product harvesting was achieved with the large‐pore PS membrane (0.34 µm). Due to the low protein rejection of the latter, this membrane type could also be of interest for other applications, that is, recombinant protein production in perfusion cultures.
The value relevance of corporate financial and nonfinancial information provided by the integrated report: A systematic review
Authors: Veltri Stefania , Silvestri Antonella 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe integrated report (IR) is a new reporting tool connecting financial and nonfinancial information, in one report. The aim of IR is to present the firm's value creation over time. In recent years, IR has received both increasing academic and professional interest. Recent researches have focused on the potentialities (and criticalities) of IR and on its determinants, while there is a dearth of studies examining the value relevance of the information disclosed through IR for investors. Furthermore, in the literature, there are two competing views on IR usefulness for investors, one positing IR as beneficial, the other, detrimental to investors. Our study intends to contribute to the existing literature by systematically reviewing the empirical studies conducted until now in a thorough and unbiased manner, allowing more general conclusions to be drawn about the phenomenon than is possible from individual studies and to give some insights for further research activities.
C Tutor usage in relation to student achievement and progress: A study of introductory programming courses in Portugal and Serbia
Authors: Alves Luís , Gajić Dušan , Rangel Henriques Pedro , Ivančević Vladimir , Ivković Vladimir , Lalić Maksim , Luković Ivan , Varanda Pereira Maria João , Popov Srđan , Correia Tavares Paula 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPrevious research studies on introductory programming courses in engineering education in Portugal and Serbia have indicated that although high motivation and high expectations seem to be reported by students, many students may fail the course. This prompted a further inquiry into student attitudes, behavior, and achievement, and it also led to the introduction of C Tutor, a widely known program visualization tool, into courses in both countries. As a result, in the present study, self‐reported student achievement (grades), self‐reported student progress (knowledge improvement and confidence), and self‐reported usage and helpfulness of C Tutor were investigated. Anonymous data about students and their experience in the course, which also included the usage of C Tutor, were collected in a survey in Portugal and Serbia. Quantitative methods, including descriptive statistics, clustering, statistical testing of independence, and partial correlation analysis, were applied in analyses of survey data. The distribution of grades differed between the two countries, but overall attitudes were similar. Various uncovered patterns involving student attitudes and usage of C Tutor may serve as a starting point for new research studies.
Evaluation of the Period of PURPLE Crying: An Abusive Head Trauma Prevention Programme
Authors: Groisberg Shaina , Hashmi S. Shahrukh , Girardet Rebecca 
Published: June 2020

Abusive head trauma (AHT) in infants is thought to be triggered by caregiver frustration with persistent crying. The Period of PURPLE Crying (POPC) is designed to educate parents about normal infant crying, strategies to use when infants cry and the dangers of shaking in an effort to decrease AHT. Studies evaluating the POPC have measured changes in parent knowledge and behaviour regarding infant crying. Our objective was to evaluate the POPC's effect on caregiver frustration with infant crying compared to standard discharge information (SDI). We taught paediatric interns and medical students rotating in the newborn nursery to deliver the POPC and discuss infant crying. New parents were pseudo‐randomised to receive SDI or the POPC plus SDI. Parents were contacted five‐to‐eight weeks after discharge and asked knowledge questions about infant crying as well as the number of times that they were frustrated by their infant's crying in the preceding week. Of 271 parents who consented to participate, 164 (61%) completed the survey. The POPC group answered two of the knowledge questions correctly more often than the control group (score differences: 17%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 3–32% and 21%, 95% CI 7–36%). However, parents reported frustration due to infant crying at similar rates between the control (55/80, 69%) and POPC (60/84, 71%) groups. Our results support previous findings that the POPC improves caregiver knowledge concerning infant crying. The POPC does not appear to affect caregiver frustration with crying.‘Our objective was to evaluate the POPC's effect on caregiver frustration with infant crying compared to standard discharge information’Key Practitioner Messages

Instructing new parents about normal infant crying and the dangers of shaking an infant remains an important part of anticipatory guidance.
The POPC is not more effective at reducing caregiver frustration with infant crying than standard discharge instructions.
Future investigations should specifically aim to include male caregivers as recipients of the programme.