bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Analysis of Generative Pre-Trained Transformer Models in Oncogene-Driven Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer: Introducing the Generative Artificial Intelligence Performance Score
Authors: Hamilton Zacharie , Aseem Aseem , Chen Zhengjia , Naffakh Noor , Reizine Natalie M. , Weinberg Frank , Jain Shikha , Kessler Larry G. , Gadi Vijayakrishna K. , Bun Christopher , Nguyen Ryan H. 
Published: December 2024

PURPOSE
Precision oncology in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) relies on biomarker testing for clinical decision making. Despite its importance, challenges like the lack of genomic oncology training, nonstandardized biomarker reporting, and a rapidly evolving treatment landscape hinder its practice. Generative artificial intelligence (AI), such as ChatGPT, offers promise for enhancing clinical decision support. Effective performance metrics are crucial to evaluate these models' accuracy and their propensity for producing incorrect or hallucinated information. We assessed various ChatGPT versions' ability to generate accurate next-generation sequencing reports and treatment recommendations for NSCLC, using a novel Generative AI Performance Score (G-PS), which considers accuracy, relevancy, and hallucinations.

METHODS
We queried ChatGPT versions for first-line NSCLC treatment recommendations with an Food and Drug Administration–approved targeted therapy, using a zero-shot prompt approach for eight oncogenes. Responses were assessed against National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines for accuracy, relevance, and hallucinations, with G-PS calculating scores from –1 (all hallucinations) to 1 (fully NCCN-compliant recommendations). G-PS was designed as a composite measure with a base score for correct recommendations (weighted for preferred treatments) and a penalty for hallucinations.

RESULTS

Analyzing 160 responses, generative pre-trained transformer (GPT)-4 outperformed GPT-3.5, showing higher base score (90%
v
60%;
P
< .01) and fewer hallucinations (34%
v
53%;
P
< .01). GPT-4's overall G-PS was significantly higher (0.34
v
–0.15;
P
< .01), indicating superior performance.

CONCLUSION
This study highlights the rapid improvement of generative AI in matching treatment recommendations with biomarkers in precision oncology. Although the rate of hallucinations improved in the GPT-4 model, future generative AI use in clinical care requires high levels of accuracy with minimal to no room for hallucinations. The GP-S represents a novel metric quantifying generative AI utility in health care compared with national guidelines, with potential adaptation beyond precision oncology.
Olfactory inputs regulate Drosophila melanogaster oogenesis
Authors: Sadanandappa Madhumala K. , Bosco Giovanni 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
Drosophila female germline development and maintenance require both local stem cell niche signaling and systemic regulation. Here, we show the indispensable function of the Drosophila melanogaster olfactory circuit in normal oogenesis and fecundity. Lack of olfactory inputs during development causes a reduction in germline stem cells. Although germline stem cells proliferate normally, the germline cysts undergo caspase-mediated apoptosis, leading to decreased follicle production and egg-laying in flies with defective olfaction. Strikingly, activation of olfactory circuits is sufficient to boost egg production, demonstrating that chemosensory-activated brain-derived inputs promote gamete development. Given the energy demands of oogenesis and its direct consequence on fitness, we propose that olfactory-stimulated systemic regulation evolved tightly with downstream diet-responsive pathways to control germline physiology in response to nutritional status. Additionally, these findings raise the possibility that sensory-mediated stem cell maintenance is a generalizable mechanism spanning a myriad of neuronal circuits, systems and species.
A Graphical Point Process Framework for Understanding Removal Effects in Multi-Touch Attribution
Authors: Tao Jun , Chen Qian , Snyder James W. , Kumar Arava Sai , Meisami Amirhossein , Xue Lingzhou 
Published: December 2024

Marketers rely on various online advertising channels to reach customers and are increasingly interested in multi-touch attribution, which evaluates the contribution of each touchpoint to a conversion. However, as the numbers of marketing channels and touchpoints increase, the attribution challenge becomes more intricate because of the complex interplay among different touchpoints within and across channels. Utilizing customer path-to-purchase data, this article addresses this challenge by developing a novel graphical point process framework to investigate the relational structure among various touchpoints. Based on this framework, we propose graphical attribution methods that allocate attribution scores to individual touchpoints or corresponding channels for each customer’s path to purchase. These scores are calculated using a probabilistic definition of removal effects. We evaluate the proposed methods and compare their performance with commonly used attribution models through extensive simulation studies and a real-world attribution application. This paper was accepted by J. George Shanthikumar, data science. Funding: This work was supported by the National Science Foundation [Grant DMS-2210775]. Additionally, the research of L. Xue was partly supported by the National Science Foundation [Grants DMS-1811552 and DMS-1953189]. Supplemental Material: The electronic companion and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.00457 .
Assessment of calprotectin levels preceding and succeeding colonoscopy
Authors: Joukar Farahnaz , Mohsenifar Hadi , Maroufizadeh Saman , Shahdkar Milad , Goorabzarmakhi Mahdi Orang , Khoshsorour Mahmoud , Mansour-Ghanaei Fariborz 
Published: December 2024

Background: Faecal calprotectin (FC) is an easily applicable faecal surrogate marker of intestinal inflammation; it has provided a new means for objectively assessing disease activity in patients with various bowel diseases. In this study, the authors assessed levels of FC before colonoscopy preparation, during bowel cleansing and 1 week after colonoscopy. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 58 individuals referred to Razi Hospital, Rasht, Iran, for colonoscopy between 2021 and 2022. For all individuals, stool sampling was repeated three times before colonoscopy, during bowel preparation and 1 week after colonoscopy. All demographical and clinical data were collected through a questionnaire. FC results, colonoscopy and pathology findings were also recorded. Results: The mean age of the participants was 48.22±11.69 years and approximately 62.1% were female. There was no statistically significant difference between the average levels of FC before colonoscopy preparation, during bowel cleansing and 1 week after colonoscopy (P>0.05). The average amount of FC at different time points was not significantly different in patients with abnormal histopathological results compared to individuals with normal findings (P>0.05). Conclusions: The study findings suggest that bowel cleansing and colonoscopy do not significantly alter FC levels.
Exploring the therapeutic potential of Asparagus africanus in polycystic ovarian syndrome: a computational analysis
Authors: Riaz Sania , Haider Fatima , ur-Rehman Rizwan- , Zafar Aqsa 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
PCOS is a multifaceted condition characterized by ovarian abnormalities, metabolic disorders, anovulation, and hormonal imbalances. In response to the growing demand for treatments with fewer side effects, the exploration of herbal-origin drugs has gained prominence. Asparagus africanus, a traditional medicinal plant that exhibits anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-androgenic properties may have a cure for PCOS. The plant has rich biochemical profile prompted its exploration as a potential source for drug development. The aim of this study is to investigate the potential therapeutic efficacy of A. africanus in the management of PCOS through molecular docking studies with Luteinizing Hormone Receptor and Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Receptor proteins. The identified compounds underwent molecular docking against key proteins associated with PCOS, namely Luteinizing Hormone Receptor and Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Receptor. The results underscored the lead compound’s superiority, demonstrating favorable pharmacokinetics, ADME characteristics, and strong molecular binding without any observed toxicity in comparison to standard drug. This study, by leveraging natural compounds sourced from A. africanus, provides valuable insights and advances towards developing more effective and safer treatments for PCOS. The findings contribute to the evolving landscape of PCOS therapeutics, emphasizing the potential of herbal-origin drugs in mitigating the complexities of this syndrome.
Yield assessment of new streak-resistant topcross maize hybrids in Benin
Authors: Emeraghi Mary , Iseghohi Innocent , Idohou Jacob , Mkpuma Kenneth C. , Agbandou Pinawé C. , Afouda Leonard , Akponikpe Pierre I. , Hotegni Nicodeme V. Fassinou , Missihoun Antoine A. , Oselebe Happiness , Achigan-Dako Enoch G. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Maize (Zea mays L.) is the foremost cereal consumed in Benin but its production is constrained by the lack of access to high-quality seeds for intensification of the crop; hence, the continued cultivation of disease-susceptible, low-yielding, and open-pollinated varieties (OPVs). The study (i) evaluated the agronomic performance and heterosis of topcross hybrids (THs) developed from a cross between new streak-resistant inbred lines and Benin-adapted OPVs, (ii) estimated the combining ability of the parental materials for grain yield (GY), and (iii) assessed the relationship between GY and other agronomic traits. Eleven OPVs were crossed to two inbred lines in a line × tester mating design to generate 22 THs. The THs were evaluated across four environments in Benin. The environment had a significant effect on GY and agronomic traits. General and specific combining ability effects were significant for GY and other traits indicating the presence of additive and non-additive gene effects. Four THs exhibited positive mid- and better-parent heterosis for GY and DMR ESR W × TZIL07A01322, which is the highest yielding TH, at 5.1 tons per hectare, had 29.1 and 13.3% yield advantages over its mid-parent and better-parent mean yields, respectively, with the potential for commercialization by indigenous seed enterprises. GY was positively associated with 100-seed weight enabling indirect selection. Four OPVs contributed favorably to observed heterosis and could serve as potential genotypes for inbred line extraction.
The History and Evolution of the Back Squat in the United States
Authors: Heffernan Conor 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
This article provides the first academic history of the barbell back squat and its evolution from a bodyweight exercise in the 19th century to a loaded exercise, used for a variety of purposes, in the present age. In doing so, the article highlights 3 key drivers in the evolution of the back squat—those being changes in equipment, the diversification of strength sports, and scientific communication concerning the safety and efficacy of the movement. The goal of this article was not to provide a dry and irrelevant history but rather to stress the complexity of the squat's prominence within fitness programs and the need to hold a nuance view toward the “optimal” way to approach this movement. In doing so, it examines how the movement evolved from 1 primarily done on the tips of one's toes, to a loaded movement on tippy toes, to a flat footed movement. By contextualizing the back squat's history, this article challenges rigid notions of “correct” squatting technique and encourages a more nuanced understanding of exercise selection in strength and conditioning practice. It concludes by highlighting the importance of critically examining the social construction of knowledge in fitness and sport, and the value of historical perspective in informing contemporary training practices.
Incubadora Tecnológica de Cooperativas Populares da Universidade Federal do Paraná - ITCP UFPR e turismo no litoral do Paraná: um estudo sobre as ações realizadas
Authors: Vieira Raquel dos Santos , Mendes Sandro Miguel , Denkewicz Patricia , Panhoca Luiz 
Published: December 2024

O artigo apresenta como objetivo analisar as ações desenvolvidas pela ITCP UFPR no setor de turismo do Litoral do estado do Paraná. A pesquisa apresenta abordagem qualitativa e foi realizada a partir de dados primários, envolvendo observação participante e entrevistas; e dados secundários, a partir da pesquisa documental. Os resultados apontaram que as ações desenvolvidas pela ITCP UFPR concentraram-se no Município de Guaraqueçaba, Litoral Norte do Paraná e foram empreendidas a partir dos projetos: “Incubação de Empreendimentos Econômicos Solidários na Cadeia Produtiva do Turismo”, “Projeto de Economia Solidária e Turismo – ETUR” e “Projeto Mutirão Mais Cultura na UFPR”. As ações desenvolvidas objetivaram a organização comunitária local, o estímulo à busca de alternativas de maneira autônoma pela comunidade para resolução de problemas comunitários, a implementação e desenvolvimento do Turismo de Base Comunitária, valorização cultural, formação de novas lideranças locais e capacitação quanto aos princípios da Economia Solidária. Verificou-se que a ITCP UFPR se apresenta enquanto ator importante no que se refere ao desenvolvimento local e territorial comunitário no Município de Guaraqueçaba.Palavras-Chave: ITCP UFPR; turismo; litoral do Paraná. Abstract: The article aims to analyze the actions developed by ITCP UFPR in the tourism sector of the Coast of the state of Paraná. The research presents a qualitative approach and was carried out from primary data, involving participant observation and interviews; and secondary data, from documentary research. The results pointed out that the actions developed by ITCP UFPR were concentrated in the Municipality of Guaraqueçaba, in the Northern Coast of Paraná and were undertaken from the following projects: "Incubation of Solidarity Economic Enterprises in the Tourism Productive Chain", "Solidary Economy and Tourism Project - ETUR "and" Mutirão More Culture Project at UFPR ". The actions developed aimed at local community organization, encouraging the search for autonomous alternatives by the community to solve community problems, the implementation and development of community-based tourism, cultural valuation, formation of new local leaderships and training on the principles of Solidarity economy. It was verified that ITCP UFPR is an important actor in relation to local and territorial community development in the Municipality of Guaraqueçaba.Keywords: ITCP UFPR; tourism; litoral do Paraná.
Pensando os saberes populares e acadêmicos na relação com o Grupo “Sabores Da Vida”
Authors: Rocha Marina da , Severo Adriana Mello , Scholz Robinson Henrique 
Published: December 2024

O presente artigo tem como objetivo refletir o processo de formação realizado no projeto União pela Valorização da Alimentação Solidária (UVAS), o qual se desenvolveu por meio do Programa Tecnologias Sociais para Empreendimentos Solidários (TECNOSOCIAIS), da Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos – UNISINOS, com financiamento do CNPq. Tal projeto teve início em março de 2018 e foi finalizado em agosto de 2019, tendo como local o bairro Vila Brás na cidade de São Leopoldo/RS. O projeto tinha como proposta a constituição de um grupo para a geração de trabalho e renda orientado pelas práticas da economia solidária. Ao longo do projeto foram realizadas oficinas com as mais diversas temáticas: formação de grupos, formação em economia solidária, gestão do empreendimento e alimentação. Tendo como fonte de informações os registros nos diários de campo, os resultados apontam para a constituição de um grupo que conseguiu realizar um trabalho solidário e cooperativo, a partir de uma formação com base na educação popular e na relação dos saberes populares e acadêmicos.Palavras-chave: economia solidária; educação popular; saberes populares; saberes acadêmicos. Abstract: This article is intended to reflect the formation process carried out in the União pela Valorização da Alimentação Solidária (UVAS) project, which was developed through the Programa Tecnologias Sociais para Empreendimentos Solidários (TECNOSOCIAIS), of the Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos - UNISINOS, with financing from CNPq. This project started in March 2018 and was finalized in August 2019, with the Vila Brás neighborhood in the city of São Leopoldo/RS as its location. The project had as proposal the constitution of a group for the generation of work and income guided by the practices of solidarity economy. Throughout the project, workshops were held with the most diverse themes: formation of groups, formation in solidarity economy, enterprise management and food. Having as a source of information the records in the field diaries, the results point to the constitution of a group that was able to carry out solidarity and cooperative work, based on popular education and the relationship of popular and academic knowledge.Keywords: solidarity economy; popular education; popular knowledge; academic knowledge.
O que tem sido praticado? Uma abordagem a respeito das relações de consumo no Clube de Trocas da ITCP/UNIFAL-MG
Authors: Rosa Kaio Lucas da Silva , Cezar Layon Carlos 
Published: December 2024

O objetivo deste artigo é investigar a influência dos Clubes de Trocas desenvolvidos pela Incubadora Tecnológica de Cooperativas Populares da Universidade Federal de Alfenas (ITCP/UNIFAL-MG) para a reflexão sobre as relações de consumo de seus participantes. Para isso, foi conduzida uma pesquisa mista operacionalizada a partir da construção e aplicação de um survey em três edições do Clube ao longo de 2018. Os dados quantitativos foram avaliados a partir de técnicas de estatística descritiva e referências cruzadas e os dados qualitativos, por meio da análise de similitude e análise de conteúdo. Os principais resultados apontam o potencial do Clube de Trocas para repensar as relações de consumo, à medida que seus participantes vivenciam experiências para além da troca em si.Palavras-chave: economia solidária; metodologia de incubadora; consumo; clube de trocas. Abstract: The objective of this article is to investigate the influence of the Exchange Clubs developed by the Technological Incubator of Popular Cooperatives of the Federal University of Alfenas (ITCP/UNIFAL-MG) to reflect on the consumption relations of its participants. For this, mixed research was conducted operationalized from the construction and application of a survey in three editions of the Club throughout 2018. Quantitative data was evaluated using descriptive statistical techniques, cross-references and qualitative data, based on content analysis and analysis of similitude. The main results point to the potential of the exchange club to rethink consumer relations, as its participants experience beyond the exchange itself.Keywords: solidarity economy; incubation methodology; consumption; exchange club.
The Total Irregularity Strength of a Comb Product of Stars
Authors: Tilukay Meilin Imelda , Batkunde Harmanus 
Published: December 2024

A totally irregular total k-labeling λ: V U E → {1, 2, ⋯ , k} of a graph G is a labeling where the weights of all distinct vertices and edges are unique. The weight w(x) of a vertex x is defined as the sum of its label and the labels of all edges incident to it, while the weight w(e) of an edge e is the sum of its label and the labels of its two endpoints. The minimum k for which G admits such a labeling is known as the total irregularity strength of G, denoted ts(G). This study focuses on determining ts(G) for specific classes of trees, including the comb product of stars, where the contact vertex is the central vertex of one star, and the triple star graph.Keywords: comb product; star; total irregularity strength; totally irregular total labeling graph. AbstrakPelabelan k-total tak teratur total λ: V U E → {1, 2, ⋯ , k} dari suatu graf G adalah suatu pelabelan sedemikian sehingga bobot setiap titik dan sisi masing-masing berbeda. Bobot suatu titik w(x) adalah jumlah label titik x dan label setiap sisi yang terkait ke x, dan bobot suatu sisi w(e) adalah jumlah label sisi e dan kedua titik yang terkait ke e. Nilai minimum k sehingga suatu graf G memiliki pelabelan tersesebut dikenal sebagai nilai ketakteraturan total dari G, dinotasikan dengan ts(G). Pada artikel ini, ditentukan nilai ketakteraturan total dari suatu kelas graf pohon, yaitu hasil operasi comb dari graf bintang, dimana titik tetapnya adalah titik pusat graf bintang, dan graf bintang tripel. Kata Kunci: hasil operasi comb; graf bintang, nilai ketakteraturan total; pelabelan total tak teratur total. 2020MSC: 05C78
Extracts of Allium species suppress activation of the NLRP3 and AIM2 inflammasomes and formation of radiation-induced micronuclei
Authors: Tian Z.J. , Bian Y. , Liu Y.Q. , Yin Y.H. , Cao Y. , Bian Z.G. , Li Y.M. , Lee M.J. , Li L. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAllium is a plant genus with high medicinal and dietary value, which encompasses commonly used culinary herbs such as scallion, garlic, and onion. In this study, we investigated whether Allium extracts exert protective effects on radiation-induced chromosomal damage in BALB/c mice. The mice were orally administered 200 mg kg−1 Allium extracts (scallion, garlic, and onion) for 6 weeks and exposed to 2 Gy gamma radiation 1 day after the final feeding. Haematological parameters and the number of micronucleated bone marrow polychromatic erythrocytes (MnPCEs) were evaluated. Additionally, we analysed the effects of Allium extracts on inflammasome activation in lipopolysaccharide-primed murine bone marrow-derived macrophages. The Allium extracts increased the numbers of peripheral white blood cells, lymphocytes, neutrophils, and red blood cells; significantly decreased the number of MnPCEs; and suppressed the maturation of interleukin-1β by blocking activation of the NLRP3 and AIM2 inflammasomes.In conclusion, Allium extracts protected the hematopoietic function of bone marrow, reduced radiation-induced formation of micronuclei, and suppressed activation of the NLRP3 and AIM2 inflammasomes. Further research is needed to explore the molecular mechanisms of these effects of Allium.