bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A model with space‐varying regression coefficients for clustering multivariate spatial count data
Authors: Lagona Francesco , Ranalli Monia , Barbi Elisabetta 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMultivariate spatial count data are often segmented by unobserved space‐varying factors that vary across space. In this setting, regression models that assume space‐constant covariate effects could be too restrictive. Motivated by the analysis of cause‐specific mortality data, we propose to estimate space‐varying effects by exploiting a multivariate hidden Markov field. It models the data by a battery of Poisson regressions with spatially correlated regression coefficients, which are driven by an unobserved spatial multinomial process. It parsimoniously describes multivariate count data by means of a finite number of latent classes. Parameter estimation is carried out by composite likelihood methods, that we specifically develop for the proposed model. In a case study of cause‐specific mortality data in Italy, the model was capable to capture the spatial variation of gender differences and age effects.
Identifying the chemical markers in raw and wine‐processed Scutellaria baicalensis by ultra‐performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry coupled with multiple statistical strategies
Authors: Hu Lianqi , Xiong You , Zou Zhengrong , Yang Yuanzhen , He Junwei , Zhong Lingyun , Wang Yaqi , Yang Ming 
Published: April 2020

AbstractHerb processing is a typical pharmaceutical preparation process for traditional Chinese medicine. After processing, its clinical applications and pharmacological effects vary greatly, which is most commonly attributed to the changing chemical properties between raw herb and processed products. In this work, a total of 53 chemical compounds were detected, among which 17 compounds were identified as discriminatory chemicals between raw and wine‐processed Scutellaria baicalensis, and 10 components were identified as chemical markers with a cumulative content contribution of 88.75%. In addition, this work revealed that the best wine‐processed time was 18 min by investigating the changes of chemical markers in S. baicalensis during processing. This work demonstrated that ultra‐performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry coupled with multiple statistical strategies is an effective approach for screening and identifying discriminatory chemical markers in complex traditional Chinese medicine.
FUS P525L mutation causing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and movement disorders
Authors: Zhou Binbin , Wang Huan , Cai Yu , Wen Han , Wang Lulu , Zhu Min , Chen Yunqing , Yu Yanyan , Lu Xi , Zhou Meihong , Fang Pu , Li Xiaobing , Hong Daojun 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundMutations in the fused in sarcoma (FUS) gene have been associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), frontotemporal lobar degeneration, and essential tremor. Among the FUS mutations, p.P525L as a hot spot variant has been reported in more than 20 patients with ALS. Apart from the typical ALS phenotype, patients with p.P525L mutation exhibit some atypical symptoms. However, movement disorders related to p.P525L mutation have not been emphasized currently.MethodsTwo unrelated patients with ALS were evaluated through a set of clinical and laboratory tests. The genetic screening was performed through next‐generation sequencing. Muscle biopsies were performed on the 2 patients. Muscle samples were stained according to standard histological and immunohistochemical procedures.ResultsThe first patient presented with juvenile‐onset neurogenic weakness and wasting and simultaneously had dropped head, ophthalmoplegia, tremor, involuntary movements, and cognitive impairments. The second patient showed a typical ALS phenotype and prominent adventitious movements. Genetic screening disclosed de novo p.P525L FUS mutation in the 2 patients by family cosegregation analysis. Muscle biopsy showed neurogenic patterns and numerous lipid droplets aggregating in the fibers.ConclusionApart from the typical ALS phenotype, patients with p.P525L mutation in the FUS gene can present with great clinical heterogeneity including multiple movement disorders. Numerous lipid droplets in muscle fibers indicate that skeletal muscle is likely an important therapeutic target for ALS.
Gene–disease association study of tumor necrosis factor‐α G‐308A gene polymorphism with risk of major depressive disorder: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Wang Xin , Zhang Hongxiu , Cao Xianling , Shi Wei , Zhou Xiaoyu , Chen Qian , Ma Ke 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIntroductionThe single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of the tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) G‐308A gene is the most studied regarding susceptibility to major depressive disorder (MDD). However, results have been controversial perhaps due to the heterogeneous genetic backgrounds influenced by race as well as subtypes of depression.Methods and materialsA systematic MEDLINE search was performed to retrieve all published studies that identified the connection between the TNF‐α G‐308A gene polymorphism and the risk of MDD.ResultsThere was no statistical difference between the allele frequencies or genotypes of TNF‐α G‐308A gene and the depressive patients or healthy subjects in the five models tested. Further, subgroup analyses showed that the TNF‐α G‐308A gene polymorphism also did not confer susceptibility to poststroke, late‐life, maternal, or major depression. Publication bias analysis showed p values were more than .05, suggesting that the 9 articles included in the current analysis had no publication bias.ConclusionNeither the allele frequencies nor genotypes of TNF‐α G‐308A gene could be served as an independent risk factor of depression.
Elemental metal variance in cell culture raw materials for process risk profiling
Authors: Grinnell Chris , Bareford Lisa , Matthews Thomas E. , Brantley Tim , Moore Brandon , Kolwyck David 
Published: April 2020

AbstractElemental metals are critical raw material attributes which can impact cell culture performance and associated therapeutic protein product quality profiles. Metals such as copper and manganese act as cofactors and reagents for numerous metabolic pathways which govern cell growth, protein expression, and glycosylation, thus mandating elemental monitoring. The growing complexity of modern cell culture media formulations adds additional opportunities for elemental variance and its associated impact risks. This article describes an analytical technique applying inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry to characterize a list of common raw materials and media powders used in mammalian cell culture and therapeutic protein production. We aim to describe a method qualification approach suitable for biopharmaceutical raw materials. Furthermore, we present detailed profiles of many common raw materials and discuss trends in raw material subtypes. Finally, a case study demonstrating the impact of an unexpected source of raw material variation is presented along with recommendations for raw material elemental risk profiling and control.
Variations of Flavonoid Composition and Antioxidant Properties among Different Cultivars, Fruit Tissues and Developmental Stages of Citrus Fruits
Authors: Zhu Chunhua , Zhou Xianyan , Long Chunrui , Du Yuxia , Li Jinxue , Yue Jianqiang , Pan Siyi 
Published: April 2020

AbstractA large number of biologically active compounds are present in ripe citrus fruits. However, few studies have been focused on the changes in flavonoids and the evolution of antioxidant activity during citrus fruit growth. In this study, fruits of five citrus cultivars cultivated in China were sampled at 60–210 days post‐anthesis (DPA) at intervals of 30 days. The amounts of main flavonoids in the peel and pulp were analyzed by HPLC and their activities were studied by DPPH, ABTS and FRAP. The results showed that the contents of hesperidin, diosmin, eriodictyol, rutin and nobiletin increased before 90 DPA and then decreased with the growth and development of fruits, but an opposite tendency was observed for naringin and narirutin. The antioxidant activities in citrus peel and pulp were found to be significantly correlated with some flavonoids. The results may be of guiding values in citrus production and utilization of citrus fruit by‐products.
CircRNA‐0077930 from hyperglycaemia‐stimulated vascular endothelial cell exosomes regulates senescence in vascular smooth muscle cells
Authors: Wang Sha , Zhan Junkun , Lin Xiao , Wang Yanjiao , Wang Yi , Liu Youshuo 
Published: April 2020

Vascular smooth muscle aging leads to diabetic complications such as cardiovascular and kidney diseases or diabetic foot. Therefore, understanding the mechanism of smooth muscle cell senescence in a high‐glucose (HG) environment is essential. The purpose of this study was to determine whether and how circRNA from human umbilical vein endothelial cell exosomes (HUVEC‐Exos) under HG conditions regulates the senescence of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Combining circRNA array analysis and bioinformatics, we postulated that the circRNA‐0077930‐miR‐622‐Kras CeRNA network plays an important role in inducing senescence in VSMCs. CircRNA‐0077930 transmitted by HG‐HUVEs‐Exos induced senescence of VSMCs by down‐regulation of miR‐622 expression and up‐regulation of Kras, p21, p53 and p16 expression. Moreover, the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity was significantly increased while anti‐oxidative stress marker (superoxide dismutase, SOD) activity was reduced in HG‐HUVEC‐Exos treatment VSMCs. Finally, HG‐HUVEC‐Exos with depleted‐circRNA‐0077930 is no longer able to induce cellular senescence in VSMCs. These findings provided a new light on the effective treatment of VSMC senescence.Significance of the studyPrevious studies have shown that endothelial cell senescence is closely related to smooth muscle cell aging. Here, for the first time, we proved that the HG‐HUVECs derived exosomes induced the VSMCs senescence by circRNA0077930‐miR622‐Kras CeRNA network. The circRNA‐0077930‐depleted exosomes would lose the ability to promote cellular senescence of VSMCs.
Critical roles of tyrosyl‐DNA phosphodiesterases in cell tolerance to carnosol‐induced DNA damage
Authors: Feng Xiaoyu , Wu Xiaohua , Wu Yang , Zhao Zilu , Xiang Cuifang , Bai Xin , Liu Xin , Zhao Jingxia , Takeda Shunichi , Qing Yong 
Published: April 2020

AbstractCarnosol is a natural compound with pharmacological action due to its anti‐cancer properties. However, the precise mechanism for its anti‐carcinogenic effect remains elusive. In this study, we used lymphoblastoid TK6 cell lines to identify the DNA damage and repair mechanisms of carnosol. Our results showed that carnosol induced DNA double‐strand breaks (DSBs). We also found that cells lacking tyrosyl‐DNA phosphodiesterase 1 (TDP1), an enzyme related to topoisomerase 1 (TOP1), and tyrosyl‐DNA phosphodiesterase 2 (TDP2), an enzyme related to topoisomerase 2 (TOP2), were supersensitive to carnosol. Carnosol was found to induce the formation of the TOP1‐DNA cleavage complex (TOP1cc) and TOP2‐DNA cleavage complex (TOP2cc). When comparing the accumulation of γ‐H2AX foci and the number of chromosomal aberrations (CAs) with wild‐type (WT) cells, the susceptivity of the TDP1−/− and TDP2−/− cells were associated with an increased DNA damage. Our results provided evidence of carnosol inducing DNA lesions in TK6 cells and demonstrated that the damage induced by carnosol was associated with abnormal topoisomerase activity. We conclude that TDP1 and TDP2 play important roles in the anti‐cancer effect of carnosol.
Two‐Dimensional Layered Metallic VSe2/SWCNTs/rGO Based Ternary Hybrid Materials for High Performance Energy Storage Applications
Authors: Sree Raj K. A. , Shajahan Afsal S. , Chakraborty Brahmananda , Rout Chandra Sekhar 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn this work, the ternary hybrid structure VSe2/SWCNTs/rGO is reported for supercapacitor applications. The ternary composite exhibits a high specific capacitance of 450 F g−1 in a symmetric cell configuration, with maximum energy density of 131.4 Wh kg−1 and power density of 27.49 kW kg−1. The ternary hybrid also shows a cyclic stability of 91 % after 5000 cycles. Extensive density functional theory (DFT) simulations on the structure as well as on the electronic properties of the binary hybrid structure VSe2/SWCNTs and the ternary hybrid structure VSe2/SWCNTs/rGO have been carried out. Due to a synergic effect, there are enhanced density of states near the Fermi level and higher quantum capacitance for the hybrid ternary structure compared to VSe2/SWCNTs, leading to higher energy and power density for VSe2/SWCNTs/rGO, supporting our experimental observation. Computed diffusion energy barrier of electrolyte ions (K+) predicts that ions move faster in the ternary structure, providing higher charge storage performance.
Evidence for Genuine Bimetallic Frustrated Lewis Pair Activation of Dihydrogen with Gold(I)/Platinum(0) Systems
Authors: Hidalgo Nereida , Moreno Juan José , Pérez‐Jiménez Marina , Maya Celia , López‐Serrano Joaquín , Campos Jesús 
Published: April 2020

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is the group of Joaquín López‐Serrano and Jesús Campos at the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and the University of Sevilla. The image depicts the importance of balancing the degree of frustration/interaction in the splitting of H2 by AuI/Pt0. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.201905793.
Post‐Metalation Modification of a Macrocyclic Dicobalt(III) Metallohost by Site‐Selective Ligand Exchange for Guest Recognition Control
Authors: Sakata Yoko , Okada Masahiro , Tamiya Munehiro , Akine Shigehisa 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWe propose post‐metalation modification as a useful strategy to control the guest recognition behavior of a metal‐containing macrocyclic host. This is based on the ligand exchange of the axial ligands of a cobalt(III) dinuclear macrocyclic host, [LCo2X4]2+ (X=axial amine ligand). Four piperidine ligands in [LCo2(pip)4]2+ (pip=piperidine) were site‐selectively replaced with primary amines. The competitive experiments revealed that the order of the affinity toward the cobalt centers in [LCo2X4]2+ is primary amine > secondary amine > tertiary amine and that the piperidine‐coordinating complex, [LCo2(pip)4]2+, was reasonably reactive among the isolable complexes. Indeed, two piperidine ligands at the diagonal positions in [LCo2(pip)4]2+ were site‐selectively replaced with pyridine or acetate ion. The replacement of piperidine with acetate ion significantly enhanced the recognition ability towards Na+.
Highly Efficient Luminescent Solar Concentrators Based on Benzoheterodiazole Dyes with Large Stokes Shifts
Authors: Gao Sheng , Balan Bamisha , Yoosaf Karuvath , Monti Filippo , Bandini Elisa , Barbieri Andrea , Armaroli Nicola 
Published: April 2020

AbstractFive extended π‐conjugated systems with electron donor (D) and acceptor (A) moieties have been synthesized. Their basic D‐A‐D structural motif is a benzothiadiazole unit symmetrically equipped with two thiophene rings (S2T). Its variants include 1) the same molecular framework in which sulfur is replaced by selenium (Se2T), also with four thiophene units (Se4T) and 2) a D’‐D‐A‐D system having a N‐carbazole donor moiety at one end (CS2T) and a D’‐D‐A‐D‐A’ array with a further acceptor carbonyl unit at the other extremity (CS2TCHO). The goal is taking advantage of the intense luminescence and large Stokes shifts of the five molecules for use in luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs). All of them exhibit intense absorption spectra in the UV/Vis region down to 630 nm, which are fully rationalized by DFT. Emission properties have been studied in CH2Cl2 (298 and 77 K) as well as in PMMA and PDMS matrices, measuring photoluminescence quantum yields (up to 98 %) and other key optical parameters. The dye–PMMA systems show performances comparable to the present state‐of‐the‐art, in terms of optical and external quantum efficiencies (OQE=47.6 % and EQE=31.3 %, respectively) and flux gain (F=10.3), with geometric gain close to 90. LSC devices have been fabricated and tested in which the five emitters are embedded in PDMS and their wave‐guided VIS luminescence feeds crystalline silicon solar cells.
Iridium‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Hydroarylation of Alkenes through C−H bond Activation: Experiment and Computation
Authors: Shinde Valmik S. , Mane Manoj V. , Cavallo Luigi , Rueping Magnus 
Published: April 2020

AbstractA new catalytic enantioselective hydroarylation of unactivated olefins is developed that provides rapid access to functionalized chiral dihydrobenzofurans with good yields and excellent enantioselectivities. Simple aromatic ketones or amides act as a directing group allowing the regioselective reaction at the more hindered ortho position. Tertiary benzylic stereocenters are obtained directly under mild reaction conditions and with complete atom economy from readily available starting materials.
The Transient Complex of Cytochrome c and Cytochrome c Peroxidase: Insights into the Encounter Complex from Multifrequency EPR and NMR Spectroscopy
Authors: van Son Martin , Schilder Jesika T. , Di Savino Antonella , Blok Anneloes , Ubbink Marcellus , Huber Martina 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWe present a novel approach to study transient protein‐protein complexes with standard, 9 GHz, and high‐field, 95 GHz, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and paramagnetic NMR at ambient temperatures and in solution. We apply it to the complex of yeast mitochondrial iso‐1‐cytochrome c (Cc) with cytochrome c peroxidase (CcP) with the spin label [1‐oxyl‐2,2,5,5‐tetramethyl‐Δ3‐pyrroline‐3‐methyl)‐methanethiosulfonate] attached at position 81 of Cc (SL−Cc). A dissociation constant KD of 20±4×10−6 M (EPR and NMR) and an equal amount of stereo‐specific and encounter complex (NMR) are found. The EPR spectrum of the fully bound complex reveals that the encounter complex has a significant population (60 %) that shares important features, such as the Cc‐interaction surface, with the stereo‐specific complex.
Analysis of Tomato Post‐Harvest Properties: Fruit Color, Shelf Life, and Fungal Susceptibility
Authors: Thole Vera , Vain Philippe , Yang Ray‐Yu , Almeida Barros da Silva Juliana , Enfissi Eugenia M. A. , Nogueira Marilise , Price Elliott J. , Alseekh Saleh , Fernie Alisdair R. , Fraser Paul D. , Hanson Peter , Martin Cathie 
Published: April 2020

AbstractA wide variety of fresh market and processing tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum) is grown and consumed worldwide. Post‐harvest losses are a major contributing factor to losses in crop productivity and can account for up to 50% of the harvest. To select and breed elite tomato varieties, it is important to characterize fruit quality and evaluate the post‐harvest properties of tomato fruits. This includes the analysis of shelf life (the period during which a fruit remains suitable for consumption without qualitative deterioration), color, and pathogen susceptibility. Tomato shelf life depends upon the rate of fruit softening which accompanies fruit ripening and exacerbates damage during transport and handling. Furthermore, the susceptibility of tomatoes to fruit pathogens is also often linked to fruit ripening, especially for necrotrophic fungi such as Botrytis cinerea, also known as gray mold. The methods described here are critical for determining fruit quality and fungal susceptibility during storage. © 2020 The Authors.Basic Protocol 1: Fruit color as a determinant of fruit qualityBasic Protocol 2: Shelf life test of tomato fruitsBasic Protocol 3: Botrytis cinerea pathogen test of tomato fruitsSupport Protocol: Preparation of Botrytis spore inoculum
Genetic transfer from several apomictic tetraploid Paspalum species to an elite group of sexual plants
Authors: Novo Patricia E. , Acuña Carlos A. , Urbani Mario H. , Galdeano Florencia , Espinoza Francisco , Quarin Camilo L. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBasic findings from classical genetic studies are available for exploiting apomixis in the breeding of several forage grass genera. Most Paspalum species are multiploid with a sexual diploid cytotype and conspecific apomictic polyploid (mainly tetraploid) cytotypes. Experimental tetraploidized diploids reproduce sexually and, when crossed with natural apomictic tetraploids, yield hybrid populations that segregate for reproductive mode. Genetic studies indicated that apomixis is inherited as a monogenic dominant factor. We recombined 50 selected sexual hybrids obtained from crosses between a tetraploidized sexual genotype of P. plicatulum and 9 natural apomictic tetraploid accessions of 6 species of the Plicatula group. A synthetic sexual tetraploid population (SSTP) of 600 individuals from mixed seed of the 50 intercrossed hybrids was space‐planted in the field. Based on evaluations of plant vigor, seed set, ergot tolerance, regrowth after flowering, and cold tolerance, 31 plants were selected. Crosses between most selected plants and two testers, which belonged to P. guenoarum, were performed, and the generated progeny was planted into the field following a randomized block design with 3 replications. The progeny test was evaluated for seed fertility, biomass yield, and cold tolerance. This procedure allowed selection of 10 elite plants from the SSTP. These plants should contain genes recombined from six apomictic species, without the genetic determinants for apomixis. They may be polycrossed to generate an improved sexual population, or crossed with other apomictic genotypes to obtain improved apomictic hybrids.
Bidirectional isolated three‐phase dc‐dc converter using coupled inductor for dc microgrid applications
Authors: Berrehil El Kattel Menaouar , Mayer Robson , Douglas Possamai Maicon , Vidal Garcia Oliveira Sergio 
Published: April 2020

SummaryThe main objective of this project is to study the analysis and design of an isolated three‐phase bidirectional dc‐dc converter connected to the dc microgrid system. The proposed topology achieves efficient power conversion with a wide input voltage range, continuous input current, and bidirectional operation. In forward mode operation, the topology acts as a three‐phase push‐pull converter to reach a step‐up voltage conversion ratio (90 to 450 V). In backward mode operation, the converter acts as an interleaved flyback converter to provide a step‐down voltage conversion ratio (450 to 90 V). Over and above that, in both operation senses, the dc voltage gain is presented. The main advantages of this topology are high‐switching frequency, the three‐phase transformer that provides galvanic isolation between the dc voltage link bus to the battery or ultra‐capacitor storage, and input/output filters size reduction. Besides, a fewer number of power switches, the frequency of output voltage, and input current ripple are three times higher than the switching frequency. The three active switches are connected to the same reference, which simplifies the gate drive circuit. Ultimately, the theoretical analysis of the proposed topology is carefully confirmed with the experimental results of the 4 kW converter prototype.