bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Social media usage in Indian beauty and wellness industry: a qualitative study
Authors: Kaur Kulvinder , Kumar Pawan 
Published: June 2020

PurposeAdvancement in technology has increased the use of social media among Internet users. People are on social media all day and brands cannot miss this opportunity to turn these users into potential customers. The purpose of this research paper is to identify the prominent social media platforms in Indian beauty and wellness industry and to establish dimensions of social media activities.Design/methodology/approachThis is a qualitative study in which in-depth interviews were conducted with owners and managers of beauty and wellness centres, who use social media for promotion of their business.FindingsThis study establishes 5M's of social media activities (Motives, Media, Management, Merits and Metrics) that play a major role in social media promotion. It also identifies that Facebook and Instagram are prominent social media platforms for this industry, followed by Snapchat, YouTube and LinkedIn.Research limitations/implicationsBeing a qualitative study, it is exploratory in nature and confined to beauty and wellness centres only, thus, findings cannot be generalised. Research implication is that social media still preserves its popularity over traditional media for marketing purposes.Practical implicationsThe results of the study are useful for business owners, promoters and marketers, who are struggling to effectively use this low-cost marketing tool.Social implicationsThe result of the study are useful in providing awareness and the importance of social media in promoting benefits to the society.Originality/valueSocial media is extensively used for promotion of beauty services but there are very few theoretical studies on the same. This paper provides rich understanding about how to use social media effectively using 5M's.
Prime Mates: The Simian, Maternity and Abjection in Brobdingnag
Authors: Chow Jeremy 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis article investigates the layered nature of animality, maternity and abjection epitomised by Gulliver’s frightening adventures in Brobdingnag. I focus specifically on the maternal force‐feeding that Gulliver is subjected to by the Brobdingnagian monkey, which he describes as ‘the greatest Danger I ever faced in the Kingdom’. The monkey is killed following the episode, which temporarily restores Gulliver’s stalwart sense of self. I contend that the monkey incident in Brobdingnag decentres Gulliver’s sense of identity and demonstrates the violability of his body by the feminised animal, which ultimately destabilises his sense of masculinity and opens myriad queer potentialities.
The de Winter ECG pattern: Distribution and morphology of ST depression
Authors: Zhan Zhong‐Qun , Li Yang , Han Li‐Hong , Nikus Kjell C. , Birnbaum Yochai , Baranchuk Adrian 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe reported positive predictive value (PPV) for the “de Winter ECG pattern” to predict an acute left anterior descending artery (LAD) lesion is inconsistent. Besides, the morphology of upsloping or nonupsloping ST depression (STD) may have different significance of severity and prognostication.MethodsWe searched the MEDLINE database using “de Winter” or “junctional ST‐depression with tall symmetrical T‐waves” or “tall T wave” or “STEMI equivalent” as the item up to March 2020. We compared the ECG differences between the different culprit arteries and various morphological STD.ResultsA total of 70 patients with analyzable ECGs were included. In 60 patients (LAD group), the LAD was the culprit artery, while in 10 patients (non‐LAD group), there were other etiologies. Maximal STD in V2 or V3 had a PPV of 89% of all patients and 98% of patients without ST elevation in V2 to detect an acute LAD lesion. The presence of q/Q‐wave or poor R‐wave progression in the precordial leads was significantly more often found in patients with upsloping STD than in patients with nonupsloping STD in the LAD group (84% vs. 27%, p < .01). In 18 patients, the ECG showed a change from upsloping to nonupsloping STD from the leads with maximal STD to the surrounding leads with less STD.ConclusionsThe location of the maximal STD in the precordial leads differs between patients with LAD as the culprit artery and other etiologies of the de Winter ECG pattern. Upsloping STD signifies more severe signs of ischemia than nonupsloping STD.
Decision analysis approach to risk/benefit evaluation in the ethical review of controlled human infection studies
Authors: Yu Michael , Darton Thomas C. , Kimmelman Jonathan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractRisks and benefit evaluation for controlled human infection studies, where healthy volunteers are deliberately exposed to infectious agents to evaluate vaccine efficacy, should be explicit, systematic, thorough, and non‐arbitrary. Decision analysis promotes these qualities using four steps: (1) determining explicit criteria and measures for evaluation, (2) identifying alternatives to the study, (3) defining the models used to estimate the measures for each alternative, and (4) running the models to produce the estimates and compare the alternatives. In this paper, we describe how decision analysis might be applied by funders and regulators, as well as by others contemplating the use of novel controlled human infection studies for vaccine development and evaluation.
The competitive release kinetics and synergistic antibacterial characteristics of tea polyphenols/ε‐poly‐l‐lysine hydrochloride core–shell microcapsules against Shewanella putrefaciens
Authors: Yang Hua , Li Qiuying , Yang Lili , Sun Tong , Li Xuepeng , Zhou Bin , Li Jianrong 
Published: June 2020

SummaryTo obtain the antibacterial agents with long‐acting and slow‐release properties, the microcapsules were prepared with tea polyphenols (TP), ε‐poly‐l‐lysine hydrochloride (ε‐PL) and TP/ε‐PL as core materials. Meanwhile, the microcapsules were characterised, their release properties were measured, and their antimicrobial mechanisms against Shewanella putrefaciens were studied. At the initial release phase, TP and ε‐PL are competitively released from the composite microcapsules. The release of TP and ε‐PL is both fitted to the logistic model, indicating that the primary release mechanism is the disintegration and dissolution. The long‐acting antibacterial properties of the microcapsules are better than those of the free antibacterial agent. The microcapsules can destroy the integrity of the cell membrane, and make the permeability improve. Also, the synthesis and expression of bacterial proteins are inhibited. Because of long‐term antibacterial properties, the microcapsules have potential value for application in the preservation of food.
Predictors of use and overall survival for patients undergoing metastasectomy for bladder cancer in a national cohort
Authors: Weiner Adam B , Pham Minh N , Isaacson Dylan S , Ko Oliver S , Breen Kieran J , Nadler Robert B 
Published: June 2020

ObjectivesTo determine the use of surgical resection of metastatic disease in a large national sample and its association with overall survival.MethodsThe National Cancer Database was queried for patients with metastatic bladder cancer (2004–2016). Overall survival was assessed using Kaplan–Meier and multivariable Cox analyses. The associations between covariates and use of metastasectomy were assessed with multivariable logistic regression.ResultsOf the 16 382 patients with metastatic bladder cancer included, 6.8% underwent metastasectomy. Its use increased over time (4.7% in 2004 to 6.6% in 2016; per year odds ratio 1.02, 95% confidence interval 1.00–1.04, P = 0.019). Median survival was 7.0 months for patients who received metastasectomy and 5.1 months for those who did not (hazard ratio 0.85, 95% confidence interval 0.79–0.91, P < 0.001). In subgroup analyses, metastasectomy predicted longer survival in patients with lung (hazard ratio 0.73, 95% confidence interval 0.61–0.88, P = 0.001) or brain metastases (hazard ratio 0.58, 95% confidence interval 0.35–0.96, P = 0.035) and in patients with variant histology (hazard ratio 0.80, 95% confidence interval 0.69–0.93, P = 0.003).ConclusionsIn a national sample, the use of metastasectomy for bladder cancer is low. Furthermore, metastasectomy is associated with longer survival overall and in multiple subgroups. However, these results should be validated in future studies.
Biochemical control of the combination of cyclooxygenase‐2 inhibitor and 125I‐brachytherapy for prostate cancer: Post hoc analysis of an open‐label controlled randomized trial
Authors: Nakai Yasushi , Tanaka Nobumichi , Asakawa Isao , Anai Satoshi , Miyake Makito , Morizawa Yosuke , Hori Shunta , Owari Takuya , Fujii Tomomi , Ohbayashi Chiho , Yamaki Kaori , Hasegawa Masatoshi , Fujimoto Kiyohide 
Published: June 2020

ObjectivesTo evaluate the use of cyclooxygenase‐2 inhibitors in patients receiving low‐dose‐rate brachytherapy for prostate cancer.MethodsA total of 310 patients with prostate cancer (cT1c‐3aN0M0) who received low‐dose‐rate brachytherapy between May 2010 and July 2013 were enrolled and allocated to one of the two treatment groups (tamsulosin alone 0.2 mg/day for 6 months vs tamsulosin 0.2 mg/day for 6 months plus celecoxib 200 mg/day for 3 months). The primary end‐point was the chronological change in international prostate symptom score, and the number of patients was assessed for the primary end‐point. Biochemical recurrence‐free, cancer‐specific survival and overall survival rates 5 years after the last patient received low‐dose‐rate brachytherapy were retrospectively examined.ResultsThe median follow‐up period after low‐dose‐rate brachytherapy was 72.0 months (range 3–99 months). A total of 12 (3.9%) patients experienced biochemical recurrence. The biochemical recurrence‐free rate in the celecoxib group (5‐year biochemical recurrence‐free rate 98.5%) was significantly better (log–rank test P = 0.023, 95% confidence interval 0.07–0.63, hazard ratio 0.20) than that in the tamsulosin group (5‐year biochemical recurrence‐free rate 93.4%). None of the patients died from prostate cancer. However, 14 (4.5%) patients died of other causes. No significant difference was observed in terms of overall survival between the celecoxib and tamsulosin groups.ConclusionsThe combination of cyclooxygenase‐2 inhibitor and low‐dose‐rate brachytherapy can contribute to a better biochemical control of prostate cancer.
Viral burden, inflammatory milieu and CD8+ T‐cell responses to influenza virus in a second‐generation thiazolide (RM‐5061) and oseltamivir combination therapy study
Authors: Nüssing Simone , Mifsud Edin , Hensen Luca , Koutsakos Marios , Wang Zhongfang , Kedzierski Lukasz , Mercuri Francesca , Rossignol Jean‐Francois , Hurt Aeron C. , Kedzierska Katherine 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundInfluenza viruses cause significant morbidity and mortality, especially in young children, elderly, pregnant women and individuals with co‐morbidities. Patients with severe influenza disease are typically treated with one neuraminidase inhibitor, oseltamivir or zanamivir. These antivirals need to be taken early to be most effective and often lead to the emergence of drug resistance and/or decreased drug susceptibility. Combining oseltamivir with another antiviral with an alternative mode of action has the potential to improve clinical effectiveness and reduce drug resistance.MethodsIn this study, we utilized a host‐targeting molecule RM‐5061, a second‐generation thiazolide, in combination with oseltamivir to determine whether these compounds could reduce viral burden and understand their effects on the immune response to influenza virus infection in mice, compared with either monotherapy or placebo.ResultsThe combination of RM‐5061 and OST administered for 5 days after influenza infection reduced viral burden at day 5 post‐infection, when compared to placebo and RM‐5061 monotherapy, but was not significantly different from oseltamivir monotherapy. The inflammatory cytokine milieu was also reduced in animals which received a combination therapy when compared to RM‐5061 and placebo‐treated animals. Antiviral treatment in all groups led to a reduction in CD8+ T‐cell responses in the BAL when compared to placebo.ConclusionsTo our knowledge, this is the first time a combination of a host‐targeting compound, RM‐5061, and neuraminidase inhibitor, OST, has been tested in vivo. This antiviral combination was safe in mice and led to reduced inflammatory responses following viral infection when compared to untreated animals.
Antibacterial potential of Forsythia suspensa polysaccharide against resistant Enterobacter cloacae with SHV‐12 extended‐spectrum β‐lactamase (ESBL)
Authors: Liu Jun , Lin Liyao , Jia Zhen , Chen Jing , Zhao Zuguo , Zhao Yi , Xu Zhujin , Guo Zhen 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn this study, a homogenous polysaccharide (FSP), with an average molecular weight of 9.08 × 104 Da, was isolated from Forsythia suspense and its antibacterial potential against Enterobacter cloacae producing SHV‐12 ESBL was investigated. Growth kinetics, in vitro competition and biofilm formation experiments demonstrated that SHV‐12 ESBL contributed to a fitness benefit to E cloacae strain. The antibacterial activity of FSP (2.5, 5.0 and 10.0 μg/mL) was tested against E cloacae bearing SHV‐12 ESBL gene using bacterial sensitivity, agar bioassay and agar well diffusion assays. It was found that the addition of FSP demonstrated potent antibacterial activities against this bacterial as showed by the decrease of bacterial growth and the increase of the inhibition zone diameter. Furthermore, SHV‐12 ESBL gene expression was decreased in E cloacae strain following different FSP treatment in a concentration‐dependent manner. In conclusion, these data showed that FSP exhibited potent good antibacterial activity against E cloacae producing SHV‐12 ESBL via inhibition of SHV‐12 ESBL gene expression, which may promote the development of novel natural antibacterial agents to treat infections caused by this drug‐resistant bacterial pathogen.
Targeting IL‐11 in the treatment of BK virus‐associated haemorrhagic cystitis—A promising new approach
Authors: Schneidewind Laila , Neumann Thomas , Krüger William , Hakenberg Oliver Walther , Schmidt Christian A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe BK polyomavirus (BKPyV) has pathogenic relevance especially in immunocompromised patients. No causal therapy has been established yet. Therefore, new therapeutic targets need to be identified in experimental studies. A 3D organotypic cell culture model with primary urothelial cells and fibroblasts was used as infection model. The detection of virus replication was performed with quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), and immunohistochemistry (IHC) was also used for analysis. Interleukin levels were measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Interestingly, the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway seems to be activated during infection with BKPyV, for example phosphorylated STAT3 is significantly (P < 0.0001) elevated on day 6 following infection. Therefore, we performed ELISAs for involved interleukins in STAT3 pathway. Interleukin 11 (IL‐11) was significantly (P = 0.026) elevated at day 9. Subsequently, 3D cultures were treated with IL‐11 neutralizing antibody. At day 9 following infection, the median virus replication rate is 4.4 × 106 copies/ml. The difference to replication rate without treatment was significantly lower at day 6 (P < 0.0001) and at day 9 (P < 0.0001), respectively. STAT3 pathways seem to be involved during BKPyV infection and need further investigation in experimental studies. A very promising target for treatment might be IL‐11.
Can neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte and monocyte‐to‐lymphocyte ratios be useful markers for predicting missed abortion in the first trimester of pregnancy?
Authors: Wang Qingjie , Liu Fen , Zhao Ying , Cui Baoxia , Ban Yanli 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAimTo explore whether neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and monocyte‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (MLR) could predict missed abortion (MA) at 7–13 week's gestation.MethodsA total of 363 women with a diagnosis of MA and 232 women with normal pregnancy at 7–13 week's gestation, who visited our hospital from June 2012 to May 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. At 7 week's gestation, total and differential leukocyte counts, NLR and MLR were compared between women with MA (n = 69) and normal controls (n = 53). The receiver operating characteristic curve was used to select the optimal indicator and its cut‐off point. The role of the optimal indicator was further assessed at 8–13 week's gestation.ResultsThe mean white blood cell counts, the mean neutrophil counts, the median monocyte counts, the mean NLR and the median MLR in women with MA were significantly lower than those in normal controls (P < 0.05, respectively).The neutrophil counts had the highest area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.772 (95% confidence interval 0.675–0.869) with a cut‐off value of 4.870 × 109/L, and the sensitivity was 72.46%, the specificity was 69.81%, positive predictive value was 75.76%, and negative predictive value was 66.07%. In addition, the neutrophil counts were also significantly lower in MA groups than those in normal controls at 8–13 week's gestation, and all had the highest AUC values.ConclusionNeutrophil counts may predict MA in the first trimester of pregnancy, which may provide a promising marker to diagnose missed abortion as early as 7 week's gestation.
Use of topical rapamycin in acral pseudolymphomatous angiokeratoma of children (APACHE): A report of two cases and review of the literature
Authors: Park Seiwon , Lara‐Corrales Irene , Pope Elena 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAcral pseudolymphomatous angiokeratoma of children (APACHE) is a rare, benign disease characterized clinically by multiple, asymptomatic, erythematous papules in the acral regions. We report APACHE in a 12‐year‐old girl with erythematous‐violaceous papules on the lateral dorsum of her foot and toes, and a 3‐year‐old girl with erythematous papules on the plantar aspect of her foot. Topical rapamycin ointment improved the lesions and both patients tolerated the medication well. Topical rapamycin appears to be a potentially efficacious, well‐tolerated, non‐invasive therapy in APACHE, although further studies are needed.
Urban‐Rural Polarisation in Times of the Corona Outbreak? The Early Demographic and Geographic Patterns of the SARS‐CoV‐2 Epidemic in the Netherlands
Authors: Boterman Willem R. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe global health crisis due to the pandemic of the SARS‐CoV‐2 is associated with processes of urbanisation and globalisation. Globally well‐connected areas with high population densities are hence expected to be disproportionately affected by COVID‐19. This paper investigates the role of population density within the Netherlands, comparing hospitalisation and mortality related to COVID‐19 across municipalities. The paper finds that infections, hospitalisation and mortality related to COVID‐19 are not clearly correlated with the population density or urbanity of the municipality, also when controlling for age and public health factors. The paper concludes that while the public debate stresses the elevated risk of infections in cities, due to transgressive behaviour, the evidence in this paper suggests that the geography of the epidemic in the Netherlands is more complex. It speculates that the variation in urbanisation in most of the country might just be too small to expect significant differences.
Dynamic Characterization and Phenomenological Modeling of Sleeve Pneumatic Artificial Muscles
Authors: Cullinan Michael F. , Bourke Eamonn , Kelly Kevin , McGinn Conor 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Pneumatic artificial muscles (PAMs) are a compelling actuator for physical human–robot interaction (pHRI) due to their low mass, high-force capacity, and muscle-like characteristics. However, their low efficiency and bandwidth have forced mobile robotics researchers to examine alternative actuators for performing dynamic tasks like walking and grasping. Recently, the sleeve PAM, has been proposed and shown to improve the efficiency and force capacity when compared with traditional PAM designs. However, the increase in the dynamic performance of sleeve PAMs has not yet been studied. The aim of this research is to compare the dynamic performance of sleeve and traditional PAMS, and to develop a phenomenological model of their dynamic performance. Testing found that the isometric bandwidth of sleeve muscles can be 100% greater than that of traditional muscles at rest length if pressure response is considered, although this improvement decreases with contraction. If force is instead considered, the increase in bandwidth is even greater (up to 120% greater than that of a traditional PAM). The volume of both PAMs was determined using an experimental method, and a phenomenological model was fitted. When these models were used to simulate the performance of a PAM-actuated system, it was shown that both approximate the behavior of the measured system with good accuracy. Finally, a proposed implementation is given which illustrates how the benefits of the sleeved PAM actuator design could be realized in a practical robotics application.
Finite Element Analysis for Impact Tests on Polycarbonate Safety Guards: Comparison With Experimental Data and Statistical Dispersion of Ballistic Limit
Authors: Stecconi Alessandro , Landi Luca 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Design and testing of machine guards are provided by international standards in which the inadequacy/suitability of the tested materials for machine guards is obtained by the perforation/nonperforation of the guard in an experimental test at the maximum foreseeable speed of a standardized projectile. Uncertainties and limitations of this standardized test are known by researchers, but a better testing procedure is not already agreed on the standardization level. In this paper, finite element analysis of the impact of three different projectiles of a given mass on polycarbonate guards is presented and compared with experimental tests made using a standardized gas cannon. The good correlation found in terms of ballistic limit, energy absorbed, and residual velocity is presented trying to open the discussion to a “probability of perforation.” Moreover, a statistical analysis of experimental results, based on a nonlinear regression model, is briefly introduced. The penetration behavior is described by the well-known Recht and Ipson equation, and an evaluation of the statistical dispersion of the ballistic limit for each type of projectile is presented through the calculation of confidence intervals.