bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sleep structure in sleep bruxism: A polysomnographic study including bruxism activity phenotypes across sleep stages
Authors: Wieczorek Tomasz , Wieckiewicz Mieszko , Smardz Joanna , Wojakowska Anna , Michalek‐Zrabkowska Monika , Mazur Grzegorz , Martynowicz Helena 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe aim of the study was to assess sleep structure, phenotypes related to bruxism activity and basic respiratory parameters among a large group of participants with sleep bruxism and without obstructive sleep apnea. Adult participants with clinical suspicion of sleep bruxism and with no other significant medical history were recruited. Video‐polysomnography was performed to detect masseter muscles activity. Polysomnographic scoring was performed according to the American Academy of Sleep Medicine Criteria. Finally, 146 participants were included. The participants were divided into three subgroups: severe, mild and no sleep bruxism. There were no differences in total sleep time, sleep latency, sleep efficiency, wake duration after sleep onset, rapid eye movement, and measured respiratory parameters. The severity of sleep bruxism contributed to the increased intensity of all sleep bruxism phenotypes in almost all sleep stages, apart from tonic and mixed activity in non‐rapid eye movement stage 3 sleep (slow‐wave sleep). Those with bruxism spent more time in rapid eye movement sleep compared to controls; there were no differences in non‐rapid eye movement sleep stages. The results confirmed that sleep bruxism does not significantly affect sleep duration, efficiency and continuity (in terms of sleep–wake cycles). Sleep bruxism contributes to a higher percentage of rapid eye movement sleep in the total sleep time. Those with bruxism present more frequent episodes during all stages of sleep; however, in the case of slow‐wave sleep, tonic and mixed activity observed in participants with sleep bruxism are comparable to those of healthy people.
Effect of food on the pharmacokinetics of oral cefuroxime axetil in dogs
Authors: Albarellos Gabriela A. , Passini Sabrina M. , Lupi Martín P. , Aramayona Silvia , Lorenzini Paula M. , Montoya Laura , Landoni Maria F. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractCefuroxime axetil pharmacokinetic profile was investigated in 12 Beagle dogs after single intravenous and oral administration of tablets or suspension at a dose of 20 mg/kg, under both fasting and fed conditions. A three‐period, three‐treatment crossover study (IV, PO under fasting and fed condition) was applied. Blood samples were withdrawn at predetermined times over a 12‐hr period. Cefuroxime plasma concentrations were determined by HPLC. Data were analyzed by compartmental analysis. No statistically significant differences were observed between formulations and feeding conditions on PK parameters. Independently of the feeding condition, absorption of cefuroxime axetil after tablet administration was low and erratic. The drug has been quantified in plasma in 3 out of 6 and 5 out of 6 dogs in the fasted and fed groups. For this formulation, the bioavailability (F), peak plasma concentration (Cmax), and area under the concentration–time curve (AUC) of cefuroxime axetil were significantly enhanced (p < .05) by the concomitant ingestion of food (32.97 ± 13.47–14.08 ± 7.79%, 6.30 ± 2.62–2.74 ± 0.66 µg/ml, and 15.75 ± 3.98–7.82 ± 2.76 µg.hr/ml for F, Cmax, and AUC in fed and fasted dogs, respectively), while for cefuroxime axetil suspension, feeding conditions affected only the rate of absorption, as reflected by the significantly shorter absorption half‐life (T½(a)) and time to peak concentration (Tmax) (0.55 ± 0.27–1.15 ± 0.19 hr and 1.21 ± 0.22–1.70 ± 0.30 for T½(a) and Tmax in fed and fasted dogs, respectively). For cefuroxime axetil tablets, T > MIC (≤1 µg/ml) was <2 hr in fasted and ≈4 hr in fed animals, and for cefuroxime axetil suspension, T > MIC (≤1 µg/ml) was ≈5 hr and for T >MIC (≤4 µg/ml) was ≈2.5 hr for fasted and fed dogs, respectively. Cefuroxime axetil as a suspension formulation seems to be a better option than tablets. However, its short permanence in plasma could reduce its clinical usefulness in dogs.
Single nucleotide polymorphism analysis of the ITS2 region of two sympatric malaria mosquito species in Sweden: Anopheles daciae and Anopheles messeae
Authors: Lilja T. , Eklöf D. , Jaenson T. G. T. , Lindström A. , Terenius O. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractFour species of the Anopheles maculipennis complex have previously been recorded in Sweden. A recent addition to the complex is Anopheles daciae, which is considered to be closely related to, but distinct from Anopheles messeae. The original designation of An. daciae was based on five genetic differences (161, 165, 167, 362 and 382) in the second internal transcribed spacer (ITS) 2 of the ribosomal RNA. Further studies have shown that only two nucleotide differences (362 and 382) robustly separate the species. Thirty‐three An. maculipennis complex mosquitoes were collected in the province of Uppland, Sweden. All were An. daciae but showed double peaks for three variable positions (161, 165 and 167). When cloned, the intra‐individual nucleotide variation was almost exclusively fixed with either TTC or AAT, originally diagnostic for An. messae and An. daciae, respectively. To further investigate the intra‐individual variation, nine An. daciae and 11 An. messeae were collected in southern Sweden and their ITS2 fragments were amplified and sequenced using Illumina MiSeq sequencing (Illumina, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA). For the diagnostic nucleotide 382 no intra‐individual variation could be detected. However, although each An. daciae specimen carried several ITS2 sequence variants for the four other nucleotides, there was no intra‐individual variation in the An. messeae specimens.
Secondary traumatization and personal growth of healthcare teams in maternity and neonatal wards: The role of differentiation of self and social support
Authors: Abu‐Sharkia Salam , Taubman – Ben‐Ari Orit , Mofareh Ali 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIt is of utmost importance to examine the consequences of healthcare teams' daily exposure to stress. This quantitative cross‐sectional study examined the connection between exposure, secondary traumatization (stress deriving from helping suffering others), and personal growth. It compared the teams in maternity and neonatal wards with colleagues exposed to different levels of illness and death and examined the contribution of social support and self‐differentiation to personal growth. One hundred forty‐nine Israeli physicians and nurses participated, comprising three groups (maternity and neonatal wards, exposed to suffering as well as to new life; high; and moderate‐to‐low exposure to illness and death). Data were collected through an online program (64.78% response rate). Whereas no group differences in secondary traumatization were found, personal growth was higher among individuals from maternity and neonatal wards. The higher the social support and self‐differentiation, the higher was the personal growth. The findings highlight the necessity to design interventions to empower social support and investing in its development on both the organizational and personal level, especially for the maternity and neonatal wards' healthcare teams.
More water: The rise of a singular vision for rural development
Authors: Thomas Amanda , Bond Sophie , Diprose Gradon , McGregor Andrew 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis paper traces the emergence and dominance of a singular discourse about rural development. The “more water” discourse that emerged in the 2000s in Canterbury was rooted in the idea that vibrant communities depend on economic growth, which hinges on accessing more freshwater for irrigation. Using thick description of the work of a catchment committee, this paper charts the dominance of this discourse and the attempts to channel “more water” through a tightly controlled collaborative and consensus‐based approach. More democratic processes would welcome difference, questioning of prevailing approaches to development, and may lead to more diverse economies and resilient communities.
Arthroscopic Treatment of Femoral Avulsion Fracture of the Posterior Cruciate Ligament in Association with Meniscus Tear
Authors: Zhao Xin , Kuang Shi‐da , Su Chao , Xiao Wen‐feng , Lei Guang‐hua , Gao Shu‐guang 
Published: March 2020

BackgroundFemoral avulsion fracture of the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) in association with meniscus tear is extremely rare in children, and similar cases are not available in the existing literature.Case presentationIn this paper, we present a case of a 9‐year‐old boy treated by an arthroscopic repair technique using two transfemoral tunnels sparing the epiphyseal plate for 8‐shaped suture fixation of femoral avulsion fracture of the PCL and using the Fastfix repair system for a meniscus tear. At 3‐month postoperative, the boy showed satisfactory recovery with a full range of motion of the right knee and normal muscular strength, and no complications were observed after operation. The patient had been followed up for 24 months and his final assessment demonstrated stable painless knee with excellent functional outcome. In view of this, we suggest that the “figure‐of‐eight” suture technique using two transfemoral tunnels sparing the epiphyseal plate can be considered a new choice for the treatment of the PCL femoral attachment avulsion, especially in skeletally immature patients. In addition, six similar cases were found in a comprehensive literature review targeting femoral avulsion fracture of the PCL. According to the relevant findings and cases studies, we proposed a new classification named “Xiangya” which might facilitate future clinical decision making.
Pathways in the association between sugar sweetened beverages and child asthma traits in the 2nd year of life: Findings from the BRISA cohort
Authors: Padilha Luana Lopes , Vianna Elcio Oliveira , Vale Andressa Talícia Machado , Nascimento Joelma Ximenes Prado Teixeira , da Silva Antônio Augusto Moura , Ribeiro Cecilia Claudia Costa 
Published: March 2020

AbstractStudies on the exposure of children to sugar‐sweetened beverages (SSBs) at an early age may contribute to better understand the common causes and the temporal order of the relationships between obesity and asthma in early childhood. The objective of this study was to estimate the association between SSB and child asthma traits in the 2nd year of life, modeling direct and indirect pathways mediated by the highest BMI‐z of the child and allergic inflammation. Data from the BRISA cohort, São Luís‐MA, Brazil (n = 1140), were obtained from the baseline and from the follow‐up performed at the 2nd year of life. The main explanatory variable was the calories from added sugars in SSBs as a percentage of the total daily energy intake. The outcome child asthma traits was a latent variable deduced from four indicators: medical diagnosis of asthma, wheezing, emergency visit due to intense wheezing, and medical diagnosis of rhinitis. A high percentage of daily calories from sugars added to SSBs was directly associated with higher values of child asthma traits (standardized coefficient (SC = 0.073; P = .030)). High levels of eosinophils were also directly associated with child asthma traits (SC = 0.118; P = .049). No mediation pathways were observed via greater BMI‐z or eosinophil counts. Therefore, early exposure of children to SSB may contribute to increased risk of childhood asthma, preceding the link between sugar consumption and overweight/obesity, not yet evident in children in the first 2 years of life.
Can my child with IgE‐mediated peanut allergy introduce foods labeled with “may contain traces”?
Authors: Graham François , Caubet Jean‐Christoph , Eigenmann Philippe A. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPeanut IgE‐mediated food allergy is one of the most common food allergies in children with a prevalence that has increased in the past decades in Westernized countries. Peanut allergies can trigger severe reactions and usually persist over time. Peanut‐allergic children and their families are often confronted to processed foods with precautionary allergen labeling (PAL) such as “may contain traces of peanuts,” which are frequently used by the food industry. Patients are generally confused as to whether eating such foods entails a risk of allergic reaction, which can ultimately lead to dietary restrictions and decreased quality of life. Thus, guidance toward eviction of foods with PALs such as “may contain traces of peanuts” is a recurring problem that peanut‐allergic patients address during pediatric allergy consultations with varying attitudes among allergists. Many studies have evaluated peanut contamination in foods with PALs, with generally less than 10% of foods containing detectable levels of peanuts, albeit heterogeneous amounts, with in rare occasions levels that could trigger allergic reactions in certain patients. The risk of reacting to foods with traces varies significantly with threshold, with patients with the lowest reaction thresholds at highest risk, and a dramatic reduction of risk as threshold increases. Thus, risk stratification based on individual reaction threshold may help stratify patients’ risk of reacting to foods with PAL. In clinical practice, a single‐dose 30 mg peanut protein oral food challenge may be an option to stratify peanut‐allergic patients’ risk when introducing foods with PAL, as illustrated by three clinical cases.
Evaluation of noninvasive hemoglobin monitoring in children with congenital heart diseases
Authors: Kamel Mohamed Maher , Hasanin Ahmed , Nawar Beshoy , Mostafa Maha , Jacob Victor F. , Elhadi Hany , Alsadek Wafaa , Elmetwally Sarah A. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundNoninvasive measurement of blood hemoglobin could save time and decrease the risk of anemia and infection. The accuracy of CO‐oximetry‐derived noninvasive hemoglobin (Sp‐Hb) had been evaluated in pediatric population; however, its accuracy in children with congenital heart disease has not been studied till date. We evaluated the accuracy of Sp‐Hb in relation to laboratory‐measured hemoglobin (Lab‐Hb) in children with congenital heart disease.MethodsThis prospective observational study included children with congenital heart disease undergoing procedural intervention. Sp‐Hb measurements were obtained using Radical‐7 Masimo pulse CO‐oximeter and were compared against simultaneous Lab‐Hb measurements obtained from the arterial line. Children were divided in cyanotic and acyanotic, and separate analysis was performed for each group. The values of both measurements were analyzed using Spearman's correlation coefficient and Bland‐Altman analysis. Correlation was performed between Sp‐Hb and Lab‐Hb bias and each of arterial oxygen saturation and perfusion index.ResultsOne‐hundred and eleven pairs of readings were obtained from 65 children. The median (quartiles) age and weight of the children were 1 (1.2‐4) years and 11 (8‐17) kg, respectively. There was moderate correlation between Lab‐Hb and Sp‐Hb with a correlation coefficient (95% confidence interval [CI]) of 0.75 (0.63‐0.83) in acyanotic children and 0.62 (0.37‐0.79) in cyanotic children. The mean bias (95% limits of agreements) was −0.4 g/dL (−2.4 to 1.6 g/dL) and 1 g/dL (−2.7 to 4.6 g/dL) in acyanotic and cyanotic children, respectively. The mean bias between Sp‐Hb and Lab‐Hb showed a weak negative correlation with oxygen saturation (r [95% CI]): (−0.36 [−0.51‐−0.18]), and a weak positive correlation with the perfusion index (r [95% CI]): (0.19 [0.01‐0.37]).ConclusionThe large bias and the wide limits of agreement between Sp‐Hb and Lab‐Hb denote that Masimo‐derived Sp‐Hb is not accurate in children with congenital heart disease especially in the cyanotic group; the error in Sp‐Hb increases when oxygen saturation decreases.
Sociocognitive factors associated with lifestyle intervention attrition after successful weight loss among participants with prediabetes—The PREVIEW study
Authors: Huttunen‐Lenz Maija , Raben Anne , Meinert‐Larsen Thomas , Drummen Mathijs , Macdonald Ian , Martínez José Alfredo , Handjieva‐Darlenska Teodora , Poppitt Sally D. , Jalo Elli , Muirhead Roslyn , Schlicht Wolfgang 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIntroductionMajor risk factors for type 2 diabetes are lifestyle choices such as lack of physical activity (PA) and poor diet. Many individuals either do not take part or struggle to complete interventions supporting lifestyle changes. Demographic and theory‐based sociocognitive factors associated with PREVIEW intervention attrition after successful weight loss were examined.MethodsParticipants (1,856) who started the weight maintenance phase after completion of low‐energy diet were retrospectively divided into three clusters depending on the point they left the trial. Discriminant analysis examined which demographic and theory‐based sociocognitive variables were associated with cluster membership.ResultsMost of the participants were women and well‐educated. Two discriminant functions were calculated (χ2(24) = 247.0, p ≥ .05, d = 0.78). The demographic variables, such as age and ethnicity, and the social cognitive variable outcome expectancies on the other side were associated with cluster membership. Older age, Caucasian ethnicity, and fewer expected disadvantages of PA were associated with high success.DiscussionThe discriminant model gave insight into some factors associated with early attrition. For practitioners planning interventions it underlines the necessity to take extra attention to younger participants and to those being afraid that being physically active causes unpleasant ramifications.
The Politics of Technology Decline: Discursive Struggles over Coal Phase‐Out in the UK
Authors: Isoaho Karoliina , Markard Jochen 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe decline of carbon intensive technologies is a key element in the ongoing energy transition and our attempts to tackle climate change. At the same time, our understanding of technology decline and of the associated policies and politics is still limited. This paper builds on the sustainability transitions perspective, a novel approach to analyze socio‐technical transformation, including the complex interplay of policy and technology change. We study the decline of coal‐fired power generation in the United Kingdom from 2000 to 2017 by analyzing the discourse in The Guardian. We find scientists and environmental NGOs criticizing coal for climate and health reasons. Government and incumbent businesses tried to re‐legitimate coal but eventually, their resistance collapsed and coal was almost completely abandoned in just a few years. Particularly devastating for coal were failed promises around carbon capture and storage, rapid diffusion of wind energy, and pressure from various policies. This study contributes to better understanding the contested nature of decline, and the interplay of discursive struggles, technology change, and public policy in sustainability transitions.
Ultrasound‐guided percutaneous peritoneal dialysis catheter insertion using multifunctional bladder paracentesis trocar: A modified percutaneous PD catheter placement technique
Authors: Li Zhen , Ding Hongyun , Liu Xue , Zhang Jianbin 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of ultrasound‐guided percutaneous peritoneal dialysis catheter insertion using multifunctional bladder paracentesis trocar.MethodsA retrospective review of 103 ESRD patients receiving percutaneous PD catheter insertion using a multifunctional bladder paracentesis trocar under ultrasound guidance at a single center between May 2016 and May 2018. Mechanical complications and catheter survival were evaluated over a 12‐month follow‐up.ResultCatheterization using this technique required only 10‐30 minutes from the beginning of local anesthesia to the end of skin suture at the puncture site (mean 18 ± 7 minutes) and an incision length of 2‐4 cm. Moreover, only four of 103 cases required catheter removal due to poor drainage within one month after surgery, with a success rate of 96.19%. Among failures, omentum wrapping was cause in two cases, catheter displacement in one case, and protein clot blockage in one case, while there were no instances of organ injury, severe hemorrhage, peritubular leakage, hernia, peritonitis, or exit infection within one month of PD catheter insertion. Catheter survival at 1 year was 92.2%.ConclusionPercutaneous PD catheter insertion using a multifunctional bladder paracentesis trocar and ultrasound guidance is a feasible technique for ESRD patients.
Selecting important predictors for arteriovenous fistula maturation in older hemodialysis patients by using random survival forests
Authors: Qian Joyce , McAdams‐DeMarco Mara , Ng Derek , Lau Bryan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundPlacing an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) in older hemodialysis patients at great risk of primary failure leads to prolonged dependency on central venous catheter (CVC). A model which accurately predicts AVF maturation can facilitate better clinical determination for AVF placement.MethodsWe assembled a retrospective cohort of 14 892 patients aged 67 years and older who started hemodialysis with a CVC between 7/1/2010 and 6/30/2012 and had a subsequent, incident AVF placement from the United States Renal Data System (USRDS). We used random survival forests (RSF) with competing risks to identify important predictors for AVF maturation.ResultsApproximately 49.7% patients achieved AVF maturation and 13.6% had a competing event. The median time to maturation was 4 (IQR: 3‐5) months. Patient's gender had the highest variable importance (VIMP, 0.0027), followed by race, being institutionalized, days on hemodialysis without an AVF, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and body mass index with borderline importance (VIMP ≥0.0005). The out‐of‐bag (OOB) error rate of the RSF was 45.3% and 45.8% for AVF maturation in the training and validation data sets, respectively.ConclusionsPredictors in USRDS data have limited ability to predict AVF maturation. Patient's gender might be considered as the most important predictor for AVF maturation.