bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Radiotherapy Technique on Carotid Artery Dose in Patients with Early Stage Glottic Larynx Cancer
Authors: ŞİRİN ÖZDEMİR Beyza , CAN Zeynep Rukiye Özge 
Published: January 2020

Objective: The
aim of this study was to compare two radiotherapy techniques in early stage
glottic laryngeal cancer patients in terms of radiotherapy dose applied to the
carotid artery.Material - Methods:
In this study, we included 10 early-stage (T1/2) glottic larynx cancer
patients. Both intensity-modulated
radiotherapy (IMRT) and 3-dimension conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) treatment
plans were prepared for each patient. Treatment volumes (CTV, PTV) were created
for all patients. The entire larynx was described as CTV to include both false
and true vocal cords, anterior-posterior commissures, arytenoids, aryepiglottic
folds, subglottic region. For planning target volüme (PTV), while 5-mm was added
to CTV in all directions, 3-mm margin was given to protect the carotid artery
and spinal cord in posterolaterally. Spinal cord and carotid artery were
contoured as the organ at risk (OAR). The doses of the target volumes, the OAR
volumes, the homogeneity index (HI) were compared. Results: PTV
parameters (Dmin, Dmean, Dmax, D90, D95) was compared in the 2 different
technique. IMRT in comparison to 3DCRT
significantly reduced the high-dose volumes (V30, V35, V50) of carotid artery
(p &lt; 0.001), but not to the low dose volume (V10). CI was similar (0.9 vs.
0.9, p = 0.3) compared to 3DCRT. However, HI was significantly improved with
IMRT (0.1 vs. 0.08, p &lt; 0.001). The maximum dose of the spinal cord was lower in
3DCRT compared to IMRT (18 Gy vs. 44Gy).

Conclusion: IMRT
is a superior radiotherapy (RT) technique in patients with T1/T2 glottic cancer
in terms of protecting carotid artery.
¿Arquitectos o administradores? Sobre el mito de los monjes constructores en el Císter / Architects or supervisors? The myth of the monk as an architect in the Order of the Cistercians
Authors: Sánchez Márquez Carlos 
Published: January 2020

Resumen: El célebre comentario de Orderic Vital sobre cómo los cistercienses construían las abadías con sus propias manos, junto a la existencia de algunas evidencias iconográficas que muestran a eclesiásticos participando enla construcción, ha dado lugar a una leyenda que sigue viva en la actualidad: la creencia que la arquitectura cisterciense fue obra casi exclusiva de los arquitectos y artesanos monásticos. El presente trabajo tiene como objeto dar respuesta a ciertos interrogantes que todavía giran alrededor de este debate historiográfico. Para ello, se propone un análisis de las fuentes primigenias de la Orden, así como de diversos casos-estudio de maestros de obra conversosy laicos documentados en los reinos hispanos.Abstract: The famous comment of Ordericus Vitalis about how the Cistercian monks built monasteries with their own hands, together with some iconographicexamples involving builder monks, have given rise to a legend that is still alive: the conviction that Cistercian architecture was produced almost entirely by monastic architects and craftsmen. The present paper aims to answer to some questions of this discussion. For that purpose, the primary sources or the Order and different case studies of lay builders and conversi in the Hispanic kingdoms has been analyzed.
Almeida Garrett e o Brasil: pontes literárias
Authors: Menezes Hugo Lenes 
Published: January 2020

O diálogo da cultura escrita do Brasil com a do exterior é acentuado. Aqui a arte verbal é um legado do colonizador europeu. Por isto, as nossas manifestações literárias iniciais são encaradas como ressonâncias das metrópoles. Este fato origina uma interessante terminologia (a luso-brasileira), a qual é utilizada na classificação de um grupo de obras publicadas por autores portugueses que moram na Colônia durante o domínio do império lusitano. Alguns deles, como o Padre Antônio Vieira e Tomás Antônio Gonzaga, muito se identificam com os nossos valores e são considerados integrantes de um patrimônio comum aos dois países. Embora tal diálogo diminua depois de uma maior penetração da cultura francesa no século XIX, Brasil e Portugal continuam parceiros. Assim sendo, no presente artigo, abordamos o lusitano Almeida Garrett nas suas relações com a nossa cultura letrada.
Variação fonético-fonológica no Amapá: uma proposta de análise geossociolinguística
Authors: Sanches Romário Duarte 
Published: January 2020

Este estudo tem por objetivo apresentar uma proposta de análise geossociolinguística para os dados fonéticos do Projeto Atlas Linguístico do Amapá (ALAP). Como suporte teórico-metodológico têm-se as discussões sobre o modelo de geossociolinguística de Razky (2010) e os trabalhos de Razky e Guedes (2015) e Razky e Sanches (2016). O referido modelo propõe contemplar a análise da variação geográfica e social dos fenômenos linguísticos em geral. Neste sentido, a proposta de análise buscará suprir a ausência do aspecto social da variação linguística presente nas cartas fonéticas do Projeto ALAP. Como resultado, acredita-se que por meio da análise geossociolinguística é possível ter uma visão macro do fenômeno linguístico, pois além de compreender a influência de fatores linguísticos, será possível perceber se os fatores extralinguísticos (espaço geográfico, sexo e faixa etária) também exercem influência na realização ou não realização de determinados fenômenos fonéticos.
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Pendidikan Agama Islam melalui Model Pembelajaran Team Assisted Individualization pada Siswa Kelas V SDN Mekar Sari
Authors: Muhiddin Muhiddin 
Published: January 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar PAI melalui model pembelajaran TAI pada materi Kisah Khalifah Abu Bakar R.A. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode Penelitian Tindakan Kelas, yang menggunakan dua siklus dengan 4 tahapan pada masing-masing siklusnya, yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi, dan refleksi. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa lembar observasi pada aktivitas guru dan siswa dan tes hasil belajar siswa. Instrumen aktivitas guru dan siswa untuk mengetahui tingkat keterlaksanaan tindakan keaktifan saat pembelajaran, serta diadakan tes pada tiap pertemuan di tiap siklus. Pada dua keterlaksanaan aktivitas guru mendapat kualifikasi ‘baik sekali’. Aktivitas siswa didominasi keaktifan kategori sangat aktif dan aktif. Ketuntasan hasil belajar klasikal 57.14% dicapai pada pertemuan kesatu dan kedua, 71.43% pada pertemuan ketiga, 78.57% pada pertemuan keempat mencapai 92.86%. Penggunaan TAI (Team Assisted Individualization) dapat meningkatkan keaktifan guru dan siswa serta hasil belajar siswa pada Kisah Khalifah Abu Bakar R.A. di SDN Pelajaran 2018/2019.
HIV-1 CRF01_AE subtype and HIV-1 DNA level among patients with chronic HIV-1 infection: a correlation study
Authors: Lyu Tingxia , Yue Yongsong , Evelyn Hsieh , Han Yang , Zhu Ting , Song Xiaojing , Cao Wei , Lyu Wei , Wang Jianhua , Li Taisheng 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background: The impact of HIV-1 subtype (CRF01_AE and non-CRF01_AE) on HIV-1 DNA levels in HIV-1 chronically infected patients with suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART) remains poorly understood. To evaluate the correlation of HIV-1 subtype with DNA level, and identify baseline predictors of HIV-1 DNA decay. Methods : ART-naïve HIV-1-infected patients from two large multi-center studies in China were classified into CRF01_AE and non-CRF01_AE subtype groups. Peripheral blood samples were collected at baseline and week 12, 24, 48 and 96 after ART initiation and total HIV-1 DNA levels were quantified by real-time PCR. HIV-1 DNA levels at week 96 were categorized into high, moderate, and low levels, reflecting HIV-1 DNA ≥ 3, 2–3, ≤ 2 log 10 copies/10 6 PBMCs, respectively , and the corresponding proportion of CRF01_AE and non-CRF01_AE subtype were compared. The baseline predictors of low HIV-1 total DNA levels (≤ 2 log 10 copies/10 6 PBMCs) at week 96 were evaluated using a logistic regression model. Results: Compared to the non-CRF01_AE subtypes (n=185), patients with CRF01_AE subtype (n=188) harboured a higher level of HIV-1 DNA (median: 3.19 vs. 2.95 log 10 copies/10 6 PBMCs, P < 0.001) prior to treatment. After 96 weeks of ART, HIV-1 DNA levels remained higher in the CRF01_AE subtype group (median: 2.63 vs. 2.39 log 10 copies/10 6 PBMCs, P = 0.002). There was no significant difference in the proportion of patients achieving high (22.3% vs. 14.6%, P = 0.054), moderate (59.6% vs. 60.5%, P = 0.849) and low levels (18.1% vs 24.9%, P = 0.111) between CRF01_AE and non-CRF01_AE groups. In the multivariable analysis, baseline HIV-1 DNA level and CD4 + T cell count but not the subtype were independent risk factors for achieving HIV-1 DNA level ≤ 2 log 10 copies/10 6 PBMCs. Conclusion: HIV-1 CRF01_AE subtype is neither correlated with HIV-1 DNA reservoir decline nor a prognostic factor for achieving lower HIV-1 DNA levels (≤ 2 log 10 copies/10 6 PBMCs) after ART. However, higher HIV-1 DNA level in HIV-1 CRF01_AE patients should be aroused much attention and strengthen surveillance during ART.
Non-technical skills of medical students in the course of pediatric emergency simulations are associated with their mindfulness: an observational cohort study
Authors: Chmielewski Jacek , Łuczyński Włodzimierz , Dobroch Jakub , Cebula Grzegorz , Bielecki Tomasz , Torres Kamil 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The authors have withdrawn this preprint from Research Square
Induced pluripotent stem cells derived brain endothelial cells from patients suffering from familial form of Alzheimer’s disease display impaired barrier function and cell metabolism
Authors: Patel Ronak , Raut Snehal , Al-Ahmad Abraham 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common most common form of neurodegenerative of neurodegenerative disease. It is an irreversible condition marked by irreversible cognitive loss, commonly attributed by the loss of hippocampal neurons due to the formation of senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Although the sporadic form is the most prevalent, the presence of familial form (involving several genes such as APP, PSEN1 and PSEN2) of the disease is commonly used as a model for understanding the pathophysiology of the disease. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of mutation on PSEN1 and PSEN2 genes on the BBB function using induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) .
Methods: iPSC lines from patients suffering from familial form of Alzheimer’s diseases and harboring mutations in PSEN1 or PSEN2 were used in this study and compared to a control iPSC line. Cells were differentiated into brain microvascular endothelial cells ( BMECs ) following existing established differentiation protocols. Barrier function was assessed by measuring TEER and fluorescein permeability, drug transporters activity was assessed by uptake assay, glucose uptake and metabolism assessed by cell flux analyzer, mitochondrial potential by JC-1 and lysosomal acidification by acridine orange.
Results: iPSC derived BMECs from the FAD patient presenting a mutation in PSEN1 gene PSEN1-BMECs, but not PSEN2-BMECs, showed impaired barrier function compared to the FAD patient harboring a mutation in PSEN2 and to control group. Such impaired barrier function correlated with poor tight junction complexes and reduced drug efflux pump activity. In addition, both PSEN1 and PSEN2 -BMECs displayed reduced glucose uptake and glycolysis, as well as impaired mitochondrial membrane potential and lysosomal acidification.
Conclusion: Our study reports evidence that PSEN1 and PSEN2 mutations, two genes commonly associated with familial form of Alzheimer’s disease that iPSC -derived BMECs obtained from FAD patients showed impaired barrier properties and BMECs metabolism. In particular, PSEN1 mutation was associated with a more detrimental phenotype than the PSEN2 mutation, as noted by a reduced barrier function, reduced drug efflux pump activity and diminished glucose metabolism . , can impair the development and the maintenance of the BBB, both by an impairement of the barrier function, vesicle trafficking and bioenergetics. Therefore, assessing the contribution of genetic mutations associated with Alzheimer’s disease will allow us to better understand the contribution of the BBB in dementia, but also in other neurodegenerative diseases.
A Pilot Study Comparing Tools for Tracking Implementation Strategies and Treatment Adaptations
Authors: Walsh-Bailey Callie , Palazzo Lorella G. , Jones Salene M. W. , Mettert Kayne D. , Powell Byron J. , Stirman Shannon Wiltsey , Lyon Aaron R. , Rohde Paul , Lewis Cara C 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Tailoring implementation strategies and adapting treatments to better fit the local context may improve their effectiveness. However, there is a dearth of valid, reliable, pragmatic measures that allow for the prospective tracking of strategies and adaptations according to reporting recommendations. This study describes the development and pilot testing of three tools to designed to serve this purpose.Methods Measure development was informed by two systematic reviews of the literature (implementation strategies, treatment adaptation). The three resulting tools vary with respect to the degree of structure (Brainstorming Log = low, Activity Log = moderate, Detailed Tracking Log = high). To prospectively track treatment adaptations and implementation strategies, three stakeholder groups (treatment developer, implementation practitioners, mental health providers) were randomly assigned one tool per week via an anonymous web-based survey for nine weeks and incentivized to participate. Three established implementation outcome measures, the Acceptability of Intervention Measure, Intervention Appropriateness Measure, and Feasibility of Intervention Measure were used to assess the tools. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to gather more nuanced information from stakeholders regarding their perceptions of the tools and the tracking process.Results The three tracking tools demonstrated moderate to good acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility; the Activity Log was deemed the most feasible of the three tools. Implementation practitioners rated the tools the highest of the three stakeholder groups. The tools took an average of 15 minutes or less to complete.Conclusion This study sought to fill methodological gaps that prevent stakeholders and researchers from discerning which strategies are most important to deploy for promoting implementation and sustainment of evidence-based practices. These tools would allow researchers and practitioners to track whether activities were treatment adaptations or implementation strategies and what barrier(s) each targets. These tools could inform prospective tailoring of implementation strategies and treatment adaptations, which would promote scale out and spread.
Transcriptome analysis following EV-A71 and CV-A16 infection in respiratory epithelial cells
Authors: Song Jie , Li Weiyu , Hu Yajie , Li Hui , Zheng Huiwen , Chen Yanli , Dong Shaozhong , Liu Longding 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Enterovirus 71 (EV-A71) and coxsackievirus A16 (CV-A16) are the major pathogens responsible for hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD), but the detailed mechanism caused by the two viruses remains unclear. Methods: In this study, we aimed to adopt transcriptome sequencing technology to investigate changes in the transcriptome profiles after infection with EV-A71 and CV-A16 in human bronchial epithelial (16HBE) cells. Results: Through systematic bioinformatics analysis, we then searched for useful clues regarding the pathogenesis of HFMD. As a result, a total of 111 common differentially expressed genes were present in both the EV-A71- and CV-A16-infected groups. A trend analysis of these 111 genes showed that there were 91 genes displaying the same trend in the EV-A71 and CV-A16 infection groups, including 49 upregulated genes and 42 downregulated genes. These 91 genes were further used to conduct GO, pathway, and coexpression network analyses. It was discovered that the enriched GO terms (such as Histone acetylation and positive regulation of phosphorylation) and pathways (such as glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchor biosynthesis and DNA replication) might be closely associated with the pathogenic mechanism of the two viruses, and key genes (such as TBCK and GPC) might be involved in the progression of HFMD. Finally, we randomly selected 10 differentially expressed genes for qRT-PCR to validate the transcriptome sequencing data. The experimental qRT-PCR results were roughly in agreement with the results of transcriptome sequencing. Conclusions: Collectively, our results provide clues for the pathogenesis of HFMD induced by EV-A71 and CV-A16.
Traditional Practices Influencing the Use of Maternal Health Services in Indonesia
Authors: Aryastami Ni Ketut , Mubasyiroh Rofingatul 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Although infrequent, use of traditional birth attendants (TBA) for delivery still exists in Indonesia. The maternal mortality ratio (MMR) at 305 deaths per 100,000 live births in Indonesia is higher than that of the Southeast Asian region (240), and continued use of TBA is suspected to be related to this high MMR. The objective of this analysis is to study the influence of traditional practices, family structure, and TBA density on the use of maternal health services in Indonesia.Methods Secondary data analysis involved data from two national surveys— Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) 2010 and the Village Potential Survey 2008. The sample included 14,798 mothers whose last delivery was between January 2005 and August 2010. The independent variables were the use of traditional practices, type of family structure, and density of TBA. The dependent variables were utilization of maternal healthcare, including receiving antenatal care (ANC) and having a facility-based delivery. Multivariate logistic regression was conducted for the analysis by controlling all the covariates. Results Disregarding the costs for delivery, traditional practices and high TBA density significantly influenced mother’s access to maternal health utilization with a negative direction which is conversely to living in extended family structure. Mothers in villages with a high TBA density had significantly lower odds of receiving complete care and facility-based delivery compared to mothers in villages with low TBA density. Moreover, mothers who lived in an extended family had higher odds of using maternal health services. Conclusions Traditional practices significantly influenced the ideal utilization of maternal health care in Indonesia. Higher TBA density in the villages significantly decreased mother’s odds of using ANC, skilled birth attendance (SBA), and the complete of maternal health services. Maternal care utilization was positively influenced by living with extended family.
Postural control learning dynamics in Parkinson’s disease: early ‎improvement with plateau in stability, and continuous progression in ‎flexibility and mobility
Authors: Rahmati Zahra , Behzadipour Saeed , Schouten Alfred C. , Taghizadeh Ghorban , Firoozbakhsh Keikhosrow 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Balance training improves postural control in Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, a systematic approach for the development of individualized, optimal training programs is still lacking, as the learning dynamics of the postural control in PD, over a training program are poorly understood.Methods: We explored the learning dynamics of the postural control in PD, during a balance-training program, in terms of the clinical, posturographic, and model-based measures. Twenty patients with PD participated in a balance-training program, 3 days a week, for 6 weeks. Clinical tests assessed functional balance and mobility pre-training, mid-training, and post-training. Center-of-pressure (COP) was recorded at four time-points during the training (pre-, week 2, week 4, and post-training). COP was used to calculate the sway measures and to identify the parameters of a patient-specific postural control model, at each time-point (stability and flexibility degree). The posturographic and model-based measures constituted the two sets of stability- and flexibility-related measures.Results: Mobility- and flexibility-related measures showed a continuous improvement during the balance-training program. In particular, mobility improved at mid-training and continued to improve to the end of the training, whereas flexibility-related measures reached significance only at the end. The progression in the balance- and stability-related measures was characterized by early improvements over the first three to four weeks of training, and reached a plateau for the rest of the training. Conclusions: The progression in balance and postural stability is achieved earlier and susceptible to plateau out, while mobility and flexibility continues to improve during balance training.
The Impact of Fluid Resuscitation on Hemodynamic of Hemorrhagic Shock: An Animal Model Experimental Study
Authors: Pudjiadi Antonius Hocky , Firmansyah Agus , Soeyono Gunanti , Bardosono Saptawati , Jusman Sri Widia , Siagian Minarma , Lubis Munar 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: To investigate the effect of fluid resuscitation on glycocalyx shedding, and extravascular lung water index (ELWI), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and oxygen delivery (DO2) changes.Methods: Male domestic piglets (Sus scrofa) 6-10 weeks old anesthetized and bled until mean arterial pressure drop to 20% of baseline and resuscitated with normal saline as much as blood drowned, followed with 40 mL/kg of normal saline after 30 minutes. Cardiac index (CI), ELWI, systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI), MAP, atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and syndecan-1 were measured before and after each fluid resuscitations. Results: Serum ANP was increased after normal volume fluid resuscitation (p= 0.043) and return its baseline value after hypervolemia fluid resuscitation. Serum Syndecan-1 levels did not increase. A small increase in ELWI only found 60 minutes after fluid resuscitation (p= 0.021). SVRI undergo a gradual decrease, until the lowest value at hypervolemia volume resuscitation. There was no difference between the MAP of the two groups (p= 0.105). Hemoglobin concentration significantly decreased from normal to hypervolemia volume resuscitation (p= 0.009). Oxygen delivery in hypervolemia resuscitation is higher than in normal volume resuscitation (p= 0.012), due to a significant increase in CI at hypervolemia volume resuscitation (p<0.001).Conclusions: Hypervolemia fluid resuscitation in the animal hemorrhage model is not induced glycocalyx shedding. Small increase ELWI was found in 60 minutes after fluid resuscitation. DO2 is maintained by increasing CI in spite of decreasing hemoglobin level due to hemodilution. Increasing CI is balanced by reducing SVRI to sustain stable MAP.