bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamic self‐triggered output‐feedback control for nonlinear stochastic systems with time delays
Authors: Yang Hua , Wang Zidong ,  Shen Yuxuan , Alsaadi Fuad E. 
Published: March 2020

SummaryIn this paper, the dynamic self‐triggered output‐feedback control problem is investigated for a class of nonlinear stochastic systems with time delays. To reduce the network resource consumption, the dynamic event‐triggered mechanism is implemented in the sensor‐to‐controller channel. Criteria are first established for the closed‐loop system to be stochastically input‐to‐state stable under the event‐triggered mechanism. Furthermore, sufficient conditions are given under which the closed‐loop system with dynamic event‐triggered mechanism is almost surely stable, and the output‐feedback controller as well as the dynamic event‐triggered mechanism are co‐designed. Moreover, a dynamic self‐triggered mechanism is proposed such that the nonlinear stochastic system with the designed output‐feedback controller is stochastically input‐to‐state stable and the Zeno phenomenon is excluded. Finally, a numerical example is provided to illustrate the effectiveness of proposed dynamic self‐triggered output‐feedback control scheme.
Machine learning and human capital complementarities: Experimental evidence on bias mitigation
Authors: Choudhury Prithwiraj , Starr Evan , Agarwal Rajshree 
Published: March 2020

AbstractResearch SummaryThe use of machine learning (ML) for productivity in the knowledge economy requires considerations of important biases that may arise from ML predictions. We define a new source of bias related to incompleteness in real time inputs, which may result from strategic behavior by agents. We theorize that domain expertise of users can complement ML by mitigating this bias. Our observational and experimental analyses in the patent examination context support this conjecture. In the face of “input incompleteness,” we find ML is biased toward finding prior art textually similar to focal claims and domain expertise is needed to find the most relevant prior art. We also document the importance of vintage‐specific skills, and discuss the implications for artificial intelligence and strategic management of human capital.Managerial SummaryUnleashing the productivity benefits of machine learning (ML) technologies in the future of work requires managers to pay careful attention to mitigating potential biases from its use. One such bias occurs when there is input incompleteness to the ML tool, potentially because agents strategically provide information that may benefit them. We demonstrate that in such circumstances, ML tools can make worse predictions than the prior technology vintages. To ensure productivity benefits of ML in light of potentially strategic inputs, our research suggests that managers need to consider two attributes of human capital—domain expertise and vintage‐specific skills. Domain expertise complements ML by correcting for the (strategic) incompleteness of the input to the ML tool, while vintage‐specific skills ensure the ability to properly operate the technology.
Resource re‐allocation capabilities in internal capital markets: The value of overcoming inertia
Authors: Lovallo Dan , Brown Alexander L. , Teece David J. , Bardolet David 
Published: March 2020

AbstractResearch summaryWe examine the correlations between financial resource allocation flow between business segments and two measures of overall firm financial performance using a sample of Compustat firms. Our analysis finds a consistent inverted U‐shape (or alternatively, V‐shape) relationship between those measures and firm profitability. Interestingly, nearly all the data lie on the upward sloping part of the curve. Taken together, these results support the notion that flows of financial capital are most often positively correlated with financial performance.Managerial summaryA key question for any organization is how reallocating capital across business units is related to overall firm performance. We examine the correlations of firm profitability with a measure of change in year‐to‐year allocations across business units in a data set of several thousand firms spanning 18 years. Except in cases of the most extreme reallocations, our measure of firm reallocation is positively correlated with firm performance. Because we cannot prove causality, we cautiously conclude that our findings are consistent with a story that, in most cases, firms would benefit from greater internal reallocation of capital. The managerial question then becomes “what dynamic capabilities are necessary to increase the flow of resources across business segments?” Policies aimed at increasing allocation flow are likely to be beneficial.
How do pre‐entrants to the industry incubation stage choose between alliances and acquisitions for technical capabilities and specialized complementary assets?
Authors: Moeen Mahka , Mitchell Will 
Published: March 2020

AbstractResearch summaryFocusing on the incubation stage of a potential new industry, this article addresses a gap at the intersection of the external sourcing and market entry literatures by examining pre‐entry external sourcing of new resources. Besides drawing on their legacy resources, pre‐entrants during industry incubation commonly use alliances and acquisitions to obtain technical capabilities and complementary assets, thereby creating a portfolio of sourcing modes that collectively shapes the firms' paths to potential market entry. We identify a key pattern at the intersection of type of sourcing mode and type of resource: pre‐entrants to the incubation stage are more likely to use alliances to source technical capabilities, while using acquisitions to source specialized complementary assets. Our empirical context is the agricultural biotechnology industry.Managerial summaryFirms typically seek new resources when they begin exploring potential industries, before any products have reached the market, yet the needed investments face substantial uncertainties. This article highlights a pattern in how firms use alliances and acquisitions for technical capabilities and complementary resources during the incubation stage of the agricultural biotechnology industry. We focus on two key features of the external sourcing activity, differing based on the type of resource: developing new core technologies, which often starts early, tends to leverage external alliance partners; by contrast, establishing complementary assets tends to start later through acquisitions. The logic underlying these patterns can help managers make effective decisions about their external sourcing strategies during the incubation stage of a new industry.
Rethinking theories of change in the light of enactive cognitive science: Contributions to community‐scale local sustainability initiatives
Authors: Mitchell Andrew S. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSocial innovation projects commonly refer to operationalized theories of change to inform strategy and to deliver intended outcomes. Community‐based sustainability campaigns, as one example, emphasize the elicitation of pro‐environmental activities and decision‐making among members of a host community, drawing on mainstream psychological theories of behaviour, motivation and cognitive (mental) processes. Locating an argument within the neurobiological base of structure determinism, this paper explores how theories of change for sustainability campaigns might be reimagined through the lens of enactive theory. Following a brief introduction to the enactive model of embodied cognition, implications associated with trying to operationalize the model to inform how theories of change are mapped out and used in sustainability initiatives are discussed. The paper concludes by drawing on insights from approaches to psychotherapy, which also endeavoured to apply this model of mind, and considers these within the strategic context of sustainability initiatives and public engagement.
Mobile Documentation: Making the Learning Process Visible to Families
Authors: Buchholz Beth A. , Riley Summer 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe relative ease of digitally documenting and sharing classroom life creates new challenges for teachers faced with critical decisions about what digital representations to share with families/caregivers and for what purposes. The authors explored one kindergarten teacher’s yearlong approach to using Seesaw, a digital portfolio app, to make the process of early literacy learning in the classroom more visible to families/caregivers. Ultimately, this teacher's approach to digital documentation aimed to move the conversation between school and home from what is being learned to how learning happens, offering rich invitations for families/caregivers to engage in the literacy learning process alongside their children.
Bianchi type-V spinning particle on $$ \mathcal{S} $$2
Authors: Galajinsky Anton 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Integrable spinning extension of a free particle on $$ \mathcal{S} $$
S
2 is constructed in which spin degrees of freedom are represented by a 3-vector obeying the Bianchi type-V algebra. Generalizations involving a scalar potential giving rise to two quadratic constants of the motion, or external field of the Dirac monopole, or the motion on the group manifold of SU(2) are built. A link to the model of a relativistic spinning particle propagating on the near horizon 7d Myers-Perry black hole background is considered. Implications of the construction in this work for the D(2, 1; α) superconformal mechanics are discussed.
Generalizations of reflected entropy and the holographic dual
Authors: Chu Jinwei , Qi Runze , Zhou Yang 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
We introduce a new class of quantum and classical correlation measures by generalizing the reflected entropy to multipartite states. We define the new measures for quantum systems in one spatial dimension. For quantum systems having gravity duals, we show that the holographic duals of these new measures are various types of minimal surfaces consist of different entanglement wedge cross sections. One special generalized reflected entropy is ∆R, with the holographic dual proportional to the so called multipartite entanglement wedge cross section ∆W defined before. We then perform a large c computation of ∆R and find evidence to support ∆R = 2∆W . This shows another candidate ∆R as the dual of 2∆W and also supports our holographic conjecture of the new class of generalized reflected entropies.
Toward the pole
Authors: Alekseev S. , Gorsky A. , Litvinov M. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
We study the analytic structure of semiclassical conformal blocks, namely of the 1-point conformal block on the torus and of the 4-point conformal block on the sphere, as functions of the intermediate dimension. We interpret their discontinuities, which can be revealed with the use of a particular resummation procedure, holographically in terms of configurations of geodesics in AdS3. In other words, we study the behavior of the Ω-deformed $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 SYM theory in the Nekrasov-Shatashvili limit near those singular points, where naively the W-boson with non-vanishing angular momentum becomes massless. Upon a proper resummation of instanton contributions, these singularities disappear, which is similar to the Seiberg-Witten solution in the undeformed case where there is no massless W-boson. It is shown that the order parameter undergoes a non-analytic behavior near positions of the poles. The jump of the order parameter is interpreted holographically in terms of geodesic networks.
Posturale Regulation und Stabilität unter akustischem Input bei Normalhörenden
Authors: Seiwerth I. , Jonen J. , Rahne T. , Lauenroth A. , Hullar T. E. , Plontke S. K. , Schwesig R. 
Published: March 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die Haltungsregulierung basiert auf komplexen Interaktionenmechanismen posturaler Subsysteme. Dabei scheint auch das Hören einen Einfluss auf die posturale Kontrolle auszuüben.

Fragestellung
Ziel der Arbeit war es, den Einfluss auditorischen Inputs auf die posturale Stabilität zu erfassen und unter Berücksichtigung subjektiver Aspekte Erkenntnisse über Interaktionsmechanismen zwischen auditorischem Input und posturalen Subsystemen zu erhalten.

Material und Methoden
Bei 30 gesunden, normalhörenden Probanden wurde mittels Interactive Balance System (IBS; Fa. neurodata GmbH, Wien, Österreich) in 8 Testpositionen die posturale Regulation und Stabilität jeweils in den Konditionen mit Geräusch (frontale Präsentation) und verblockt ohne Geräusch erfasst. Bei diesem elektrophysiologischen Messverfahren wird sowohl die posturale Kontrolle auf Produktebene (z. B. Stabilität, Gewichtsverteilung) wie auch mittels Fast-Fourier-Analyse des Kraft-Zeit-Verhältnisses die Arbeitsweise der posturalen Subsysteme auf Prozessebene (frequenzorientiert) erfasst.

Ergebnisse
Es zeigte sich auf Prozessebene in der Kondition mit Geräusch eine relevante (ηp2 ≥ 0,10) Reduktion der posturalen Regulation in den Frequenzbändern F1 (0,03–0,1 Hz, visuelles und nigrostriatales System; ηp2 = 0,122;) sowie F2–4 (0,1–0,5 Hz, peripher-vestibuläres System; ηp2 = 0,125). Auf Produktebene ergab sich im Parameter WDI (Gewichtsverteilungsindex) eine relevante Zunahme mit Geräusch (ηp2 = 0,159). Bei der posturalen Stabilität (Parameter: Stabilitätsindikator, ST) zeigte sich keine Änderung zwischen den beiden auditorischen Konditionen. Bezüglich der subjektiven Einschätzung des Einflusses auditorischer Inputs auf die Stabilität bestanden deutliche interindividuelle Schwankungen.

Schlussfolgerung
In dieser Studie wurde eine Umverteilung der Aktivität posturaler Subsysteme unter auditorischem Input nachgewiesen, während sich kein Unterschied hinsichtlich des Stabilitätsindikators (ST) zeigte. Daraus ergeben sich neue Erkenntnisse über Mechanismen audiovestibulärer Interaktion.
The Great Five—an artificial bacterial consortium with antagonistic activity towards Pectobacterium spp. and Dickeya spp.: formulation, shelf life, and the ability to prevent soft rot of potato in storage
Authors: Maciag Tomasz , Krzyzanowska Dorota M. , Jafra Sylwia , Siwinska Joanna , Czajkowski Robert 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
“The Great Five” (GF) is an artificial bacterial consortium developed to protect potato tubers from soft rot caused by Pectobacterium spp. and Dickeya spp. To investigate the commercialization potential of the GF, we developed liquid and powder formulations of the consortium and of each of the comprising strains (Serratia plymuthica strain A294, Enterobacter amnigenus strain A167, Rahnella aquatilis strain H145, Serratia rubidaea strain H440, and S. rubidaea strain H469). To form powders, the cells were lyophilized using a newly developed lyoprotectant: Reagent PS. The shelf life of the formulations stored at 8 and 22 °C was monitored for a period of 12 months. The longest shelf life was obtained for formulations stored at 8 °C; however, the viability of all formulations was negatively affected at 22 °C. For the consortium, a 2.5 log10 cfu (colony forming units) drop in cell number was recorded for the liquid formulation after 6 months, while in case of powders, the drop remained below 1 log10 cfu following 12 months. The ability of the powder formulations to preserve biocontrol activity of the consortium was tested on potato tubers treated with the formulations and a mixture of the soft rot pathogens. The inoculated tubers were stored for 6 months at 8 °C to mimic commercial storage conditions. Soft rot severity and incidence on potato tubers treated with formulations were significantly reduced (62–75% and 48–61%, respectively) in comparison to positive control with pathogens alone. The potential use of the newly developed formulations of “The Great Five” for the biocontrol of soft rot is discussed.

Key Points

• An innovative reagent to protect bacterial cells during lyophilization was developed.
• Powder formulations of “The Great Five” prolonged its shelf life.
• The powder-formulated “The Great Five” was active against soft rot bacteria on potato tubers.
Iron cycling in Arctic methane seeps
Authors: Hong Wei-Li , Latour Pauline , Sauer Simone , Sen Arunima , Gilhooly William P. , Lepland Aivo , Fouskas Fotios 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAnoxic marine sediments contribute a significant amount of dissolved iron (Fe2+) to the ocean which is crucial for the global carbon cycle. Here, we investigate iron cycling in four Arctic cold seeps where sediments are anoxic and sulfidic due to the high rates of methane-fueled sulfate reduction. We estimated Fe2+ diffusive fluxes towards the oxic sediment layer to be in the range of 0.8 to 138.7 μmole/m2/day and Fe2+ fluxes across the sediment-water interface to be in the range of 0.3 to 102.2 μmole/m2/day. Such variable fluxes cannot be explained by Fe2+ production from organic matter–coupled dissimilatory reduction alone. We propose that the reduction of dissolved and complexed Fe3+ as well as the rapid formation of iron sulfide minerals are the most important reactions regulating the fluxes of Fe2+ in these cold seeps. By comparing seafloor visual observations with subsurface pore fluid composition, we demonstrate how the joint cycling of iron and sulfur determines the distribution of chemosynthesis-based biota.
Decentralized surgery of abdominal wall defects in Germany
Authors: Schmedding Andrea , Wittekind Boris , Salzmann-Manrique Emilia , Schloesser Rolf , Rolle Udo 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Neonatal surgery for abdominal wall defects is not performed in a centralized manner in Germany. The aim of this study was to investigate whether treatment for abdominal wall defects in Germany is equally effective compared to international results despite the decentralized care.

Methods
All newborn patients who were clients of the major statutory health insurance company in Germany between 2009 and 2013 and who had a diagnosis of gastroschisis or omphalocele were included. Mortality during the first year of life was analysed.

Results
The 316 patients with gastroschisis were classified as simple (82%) or complex (18%) cases. The main associated anomalies in the 197 patients with omphalocele were trisomy 18/21 (8%), cardiac anomalies (32%) and anomalies of the urinary tract (10%). Overall mortality was 4% for gastroschisis and 16% for omphalocele. Significant factors for non-survival were birth weight below 1500 g for both groups, complex gastroschisis, volvulus and anomalies of the blood supply to the intestine in gastroschisis, and female gender, trisomy 18/21 and lung hypoplasia in omphalocele.

Conclusions
Despite the fact that paediatric surgical care is organized in a decentralized manner in Germany, the mortality rates for gastroschisis and omphalocele are equal to those reported in international data.
Exposure to common infections and risk of suicide and self-harm: a longitudinal general population study
Authors: Lindgren Maija , Holm Minna , Markkula Niina , Härkänen Tommi , Dickerson Faith , Yolken Robert H. , Suvisaari Jaana 
Published: March 2020

AbstractCommon infectious agents, such as Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) and several human herpes viruses, have been linked to increased risk of self-harm. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between self-harm and seropositivity to T. gondii, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), Herpes Simplex virus Type 1 (HSV-1), and Cytomegalovirus (CMV). IgM and IgG antibodies to these infections were measured in the Health 2000 project nationally representative of the whole Finnish adult population, and 6250 participants, age 30 and over, were followed for 15 years via registers. In addition, lifetime suicidal ideation and suicide attempts based on medical records and interview were assessed within a subsample of 694 participants screened to a substudy for possible psychotic symptoms or as controls. Among the 6250 participants, 14 individuals died of suicide and an additional 4 individuals had a diagnosis of intentional self-harm during follow-up. Serological evidence of lifetime or acute infections was not found to be associated with these suicidal outcomes. However, in the subsample, those seropositive for CMV had fewer suicide attempts compared to those seronegative, adjusting for gender, age, educational level, childhood family size, regional residence, CRP, and screen status (OR for multiple attempts = 0.40, 95% confidence interval 0.20‒0.83, p = 0.014). To conclude, common infections were not associated with risk of death by suicide or with self-harm diagnoses at a 15-year follow-up in the general population sample. Our finding of an increased number of suicide attempts among persons seronegative for CMV calls for further research.
Impaired connectivity within neuromodulatory networks in multiple sclerosis and clinical implications
Authors: Carotenuto Antonio , Wilson Heather , Giordano Beniamino , Caminiti Silvia P. , Chappell Zachary , Williams Steven C. R. , Hammers Alexander , Silber Eli , Brex Peter , Politis Marios 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThere is mounting evidence regarding the role of impairment in neuromodulatory networks for neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s disease. However, the role of neuromodulatory networks in multiple sclerosis (MS) has not been assessed. We applied resting-state functional connectivity and graph theory to investigate the changes in the functional connectivity within neuromodulatory networks including the serotonergic, noradrenergic, cholinergic, and dopaminergic systems in MS. Twenty-nine MS patients and twenty-four age- and gender-matched healthy controls performed clinical and cognitive assessments including the expanded disability status score, symbol digit modalities test, and Hamilton Depression rating scale. We demonstrated a diffuse reorganization of network topography (P < 0.01) in serotonergic, cholinergic, noradrenergic, and dopaminergic networks in patients with MS. Serotonergic, noradrenergic, and cholinergic network functional connectivity derangement was associated with disease duration, EDSS, and depressive symptoms (P < 0.01). Derangements in serotonergic, noradrenergic, cholinergic, and dopaminergic network impairment were associated with cognitive abilities (P < 0.01). Our results indicate that functional connectivity changes within neuromodulatory networks might be a useful tool in predicting disability burden over time, and could serve as a surrogate endpoint to assess efficacy for symptomatic treatments.