bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bayesian degradation modelling for spare parts inventory management
Authors: Ruiz Cesar , Pohl Edward , Liao Haitao 
Published: March 2020

AbstractDecision makers in various sectors, such as manufacturing and transportation, strive to minimize downtime costs. Often, brief-planned stoppage times allow for changes in shifts and line configurations and longer periods are scheduled for major repairs. It is quite important to proactively make use of these downtimes to reduce the costs of unexpected downtimes due to failures. Among many aspects, the availability of spare parts significantly affects the operational costs of such systems. Current sensor technologies enable the condition monitoring of critical components and degradation-based spare parts management. This paper focuses on Bayesian degradation modelling for spare parts inventory management for a new system. We propose a stochastic dynamic program to minimize the expected spare parts inventory cost for a fixed planning horizon. A numerical example illustrates the value of Bayesian analysis in this management setting. The proposed methodology finds the optimal time between long stoppages and optimal spare parts order quantity when the prior information about the degradation process is accurate. The methodology can be used to analyse the sensitivity of the optimal solution to changes in the accuracy and bias of the prior distributions of the model parameters, the cost structure and the number of machines in the system.
Manifolds of Isospectral Matrices and Hessenberg Varieties
Authors: Ayzenberg Anton , Buchstaber Victor 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
We consider the space $X_h$ of Hermitian matrices having staircase form and the given simple spectrum. There is a natural action of a compact torus on this space. Using generalized Toda flow, we show that $X_h$ is a smooth manifold and its smooth type is independent of the spectrum. Morse theory is then used to show the vanishing of odd degree cohomology, so that $X_h$ is an equivariantly formal manifold. The equivariant and ordinary cohomology rings of $X_h$ are described using GKM theory. The main goal of this paper is to show the connection between the manifolds $X_h$ and regular semisimple Hessenberg varieties well known in algebraic geometry. Both spaces $X_h$ and Hessenberg varieties form wonderful families of submanifolds in the complete flag variety. There is a certain symmetry between these families, which can be generalized to other submanifolds of the flag variety.
Population pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of benznidazole in mice
Authors: Perin Luísa , Pinto Leonardo , Balthazar Nardotto Glauco Henrique , da Silva Fonseca Kátia , Oliveira Paiva Beatriz , Fernanda Rodrigues Bastos Mendes Thaís , Molina Israel , Correa-Oliveira Rodrigo , Melo de Abreu Vieira Paula , Martins Carneiro Cláudia 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Objectives
To evaluate the population pharmacokinetics of different benznidazole treatment regimens and the drug’s biodistribution in mice.

Methods
Two hundred mice were divided into five groups according to benznidazole dosing regimens: (1) 100 mg/kg/day for 20 days; (2) 100 mg/kg/day for 40 days; (3) 200 mg/kg/day for 20 days; (4) 40 mg/kg/day for 20 days; or (5) 40 mg/kg/day for 40 days. The mice were euthanized and blood, heart, liver, colon and brain were collected. Samples were prepared by liquid-liquid extraction and analysed by HPLC-diode-array detection. The pharmacokinetic analysis of benznidazole was evaluated via non-linear mixed-effects modelling using the NONMEN program.

Results
Our results demonstrate that mouse weight allometrically influences benznidazole clearance; the AUC curve and the highest plasma concentration are dose proportional; benznidazole does not influence its own metabolism; its tissue distribution is limited; and the standard treatment regimen for Chagas’ disease in mice (100 mg/kg/day for 20 days) is inadequate from a pharmacokinetic standpoint, as are the other regimens tested in this study (100 mg/kg/day for 40 days, 200 mg/kg/day for 20 days and 40 mg/kg/day for 20 or 40 days).

Conclusions
Benznidazole reformulations that allow better tissue penetration and plasma and tissue exposure should be evaluated to enable higher cure rates in both animals and patients. The population pharmacokinetic model developed here can allow optimization of the dosing regimen of benznidazole to treat experimental Chagas’ disease. Determining appropriate treatment regimens in animals allows translation of these to clinical studies.
MicroRNA-548-3p overexpression inhibits proliferation, migration and invasion in osteoblast-like cells by targeting STAT1 and MAFB
Authors: Ramírez-Salazar Eric G , Almeraya Erika V , López-Perez Tania V , Patiño Nelly , Salmeron Jorge , Velázquez-Cruz Rafael 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Osteoporosis is the most common bone disease and a public health issue with increasing prevalence in Mexico. This disease is caused by an imbalance in the bone remodelling process mediated by osteoclast and osteoblast. MicroRNAs have emerged as key players during the differentiation of both types of cells specialized involved in bone metabolism. We found high expression levels of miR-548x-3p in circulating monocytes derived from postmenopausal osteoporotic women. This study aimed to analyse the functional characterization of miR-548x-3p roles in the bone remodelling process. We validated by RT-qPCR, the elevated levels of miR-548x-3p in circulating monocytes derived from osteoporosis women. Through bioinformatics analysis, we identify MAFB and STAT1 as potential target genes for miR-548x-3p. Both genes showed low levels of expression in circulating monocytes derived from osteoporotic women. In addition, we demonstrated the binding of miR-548x-3p to the 3′-UTR of both mRNAs. MiR-548x-3p was overexpressed in osteoblasts-like cell lines decreasing the levels of MAFB and STAT1 mRNA and protein. We found that miR-548x-3p overexpression inhibits the proliferation, migration and invasion of the cell lines evaluated. Our results identified, by the first time, the potential role of miR-548x-3p as a modulator of the bone remodelling process by regulating the expression of MAFB and STAT1.
Binary chemical reaction with activation energy in rotating flow subject to nonlinear heat flux and heat source/sink
Authors: Ijaz Khan M , Nasir Tehreem , Hayat T , Khan Niaz B , Alsaedi A 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Time-dependent rotating flow in presence of heat source/sink, applied magnetic field, Joule heating, thermal radiation, and viscous dissipation is considered. Chemical reaction with Arrhenius activation energy is implemented. The governing partial differential equations have been reduced to ordinary differential systems. Shooting scheme is implemented for the computations of governing systems. Graphical results are arranged for velocity, temperature, and concentration, skin friction coefficients, and heat and mass transfer rates. Main results are mentioned in conclusion portion. It is analyzed that velocity decays in the presence of magnetic variable while temperature and concentration fields are enhanced via Eckert number and fitted rate constant. Moreover drag force and mass and heat transfer rates decrease through higher estimations of rotation rate variable, magnetic parameter, and Eckert number.
Reexamination of the Influence of Oebalus pugnax (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) Infestations on Rice Yield and Quality
Authors: Wilson Blake E , Stout Michael J 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The rice stink bug, Oebalus pugnax (F.), is the most important pest of headed rice, Oryza sativa L., in the United States. Numerous studies have attempted to quantify the impact of O. pugnax feeding on rice yield and grain quality, but these studies have often produced conflicting results. Across mid-south U.S. rice, thresholds based on sweep net sampling are used to determine the need for insecticide applications, but few studies have related sweep net captures to rice quality parameters. Field trials were conducted in Louisiana in 2015 and 2016 that used different rates of insecticides to establish rice plots with mean O. pugnax infestations ranging from 0.8 to 24.6 insects per 10 sweeps. Insecticide applications improved panicle weight and head yields as well as decreased percentage peck. A series of linear regressions examined relationships between O. pugnax captures and rice yield and quality parameters, including panicle weight, head yield (% whole kernels), and peck (discolored grains). Mean O. pugnax sweep net captures across all sampling dates in both years were significantly and negatively correlated to panicle weight and head yield and positively correlated to percentage peck. Peck was negatively correlated with head yield. Results from sampling at different maturity stages indicate sweep net captures at grain fill and soft dough stages had the greatest influence on rice yield and quality parameters, respectively. Further research into impacts of milling quality reductions on farm revenue and the influence of cumulative infestations over grain development is needed to improve economic thresholds for O. pugnax in rice.
Joint migration inversion: features and challenges
Authors: Sun Yimin , Kim Young Seo , Qu Shan , Verschuur Eric 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Joint migration inversion is a recently proposed technology, accommodating velocity model building and seismic migration in one integrated process. Different from the widely accepted full waveform inversion technology, it uses imaging parameters, i.e. velocities and reflectivities of the subsurface, to parameterize its solution space. The unique feature of this new technology is its explicit capability to exploit multiples in its inversion scheme, which are treated as noise by most current technologies. In this paper, we comprehensively evaluate the state-of-the-art joint migration inversion technology from various angles: we first benchmark its performance, on both velocity model building and seismic imaging, against that of the well-accepted workflow comprising full waveform inversion and reverse-time migration using a fully controlled 2D realistic synthetic dataset. Next, we demonstrate its application on a 2D field dataset. Last, we use another 2D synthetic dataset to clearly illustrate the challenges the current joint migration inversion technology is facing. With this paper, we transparently reveal the pros of cons of the current joint migration inversion, and we will also point out the imminent research directions joint migration inversion technology should focus on in the next phase for it to be more widely accepted by the geophysics community.
Reflection signals and wellbore scattering waves in acoustic logging while drilling
Authors: Pan Yue , He Xiao , Chen Hao , Wang Xiuming 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In sonic logging while drilling (LWD), it is difficult to extract reflection signals for the goal of geo-steering as the wave fields are so complicated. It is important to analyse the reflection and scattering effects based on the synthetic acoustic signals of the real LWD models, while considering the medium discontinuity at the end of the borehole. We numerically investigate the acoustic LWD responses to reflective boundaries out of the borehole. To simulate the received signals, the 3D finite difference in time domain method is implemented. Mode conversions between the collar and the Stoneley waves are revealed. Strong reflections are generated at the bottom of the well, which can be equivalent to an additional scattering source (i.e. an apparent point source). The scattering waves by the wellbore bottom are generally much stronger than the reflections from the layer interfaces of formations. By comparing the models with stratified interfaces of opposite inclination directions, the propagation mechanisms of two newly recognised reflection waves are revealed in addition to the traditional body wave reflections (P and S waves) in LWD models. The energy of the collar wave radiates outside the borehole and then reflects at the bedding boundaries; meanwhile, the scattering waves from the well bottom can generate reflections too. These reflection arrivals match well with the time predicted by ray theories, respectively. Finally, we propose a possible means to estimate the dipping directions of geological interfaces by reflection waves emitted from both LWD transmitters and the apparent source at the well bottom.
Integrative taxonomy of extant maras supports the recognition of the genera Pediolagus and Dolichotis within the Dolichotinae (Rodentia, Caviidae)
Authors: Campo Denise H , Caraballo Diego A , Cassini Guillermo H , Lucero Sergio O , Teta Pablo 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe subfamily Dolichotinae (Rodentia, Caviidae) includes two living species (Dolichotis patagonum and D. salinicola) of cursorial, long-legged rodents that inhabit semiarid thorn scrubs and shrublands in southern South America. Some authors consider that the morphological differences between D. patagonum and D. salinicola warrant circumscription of the latter in its own genus, Pediolagus. Based on a phylogeny and divergence times grounded on molecular data, as well as a qualitative and quantitative assessment of morphological differences, the distinction between Dolichotis and Pediolagus is equal to or greater than differences seen for other intergeneric comparisons within Cavioidea. Based on these results, we argue that the taxonomic designations of Dolichotis and Pediolagus should be retained.
Concordance of Clinical Alzheimer Diagnosis and Neuropathological Features at Autopsy
Authors: Gauthreaux Kathryn , Bonnett Tyler A , Besser Lilah M , Brenowitz Willa D , Teylan Merilee , Mock Charles , Chen Yen-Chi , Chan Kwun C G , Keene C Dirk , Zhou Xiao-Hua , Kukull Walter A 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
It remains unclear what clinical features inform the accuracy of a clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer disease (AD). Data were obtained from the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center to compare clinical and neuropathologic features among participants who did or did not have Alzheimer disease neuropathologic changes (ADNC) at autopsy. Participants (1854) had a clinical Alzheimer dementia diagnosis and ADNC at autopsy (Confirmed-AD), 204 participants had an AD diagnosis and no ADNC (AD-Mimics), and 253 participants had no AD diagnosis and ADNC (Unidentified-AD). Compared to Confirmed-AD participants, AD-Mimics had less severe cognitive impairment, while Unidentified-AD participants displayed more parkinsonian signs, depression, and behavioral problems. This study highlights the importance of developing a complete panel of biomarkers as a tool to inform clinical diagnoses, as clinical phenotypes that are typically associated with diseases other than AD may result in inaccurate diagnoses.
A novel CMB component separation method: hierarchical generalized morphological component analysis
Authors: Wagner-Carena Sebastian , Hopkins Max , Diaz Rivero Ana , Dvorkin Cora 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT
We present a novel technique for cosmic microwave background (CMB) foreground subtraction based on the framework of blind source separation. Inspired by previous work incorporating local variation to generalized morphological component analysis (GMCA), we introduce hierarchical GMCA (HGMCA), a Bayesian hierarchical graphical model for source separation. We test our method on Nside = 256 simulated sky maps that include dust, synchrotron, free–free, and anomalous microwave emission, and show that HGMCA reduces foreground contamination by $25{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ over GMCA in both the regions included and excluded by the Planck UT78 mask, decreases the error in the measurement of the CMB temperature power spectrum to the 0.02–0.03 per cent level at ℓ &gt; 200 (and $\lt 0.26{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ for all ℓ), and reduces correlation to all the foregrounds. We find equivalent or improved performance when compared to state-of-the-art internal linear combination type algorithms on these simulations, suggesting that HGMCA may be a competitive alternative to foreground separation techniques previously applied to observed CMB data. Additionally, we show that our performance does not suffer when we perturb model parameters or alter the CMB realization, which suggests that our algorithm generalizes well beyond our simplified simulations. Our results open a new avenue for constructing CMB maps through Bayesian hierarchical analysis.
SuperModel predictions in the outskirts of the galaxy cluster Zwicky 3146
Authors: Fusco-Femiano Roberto 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACTThe relaxed galaxy cluster Zwicky 3146 is analysed via the SuperModel, a tool already tested on many clusters since 2009. In particular, this analysis is focused on the intracluster medium X-ray temperature data measured by XMM–Newton up to r500. A previous analysis was based on the temperature profile derived from the Sunyaev-Zeld′ovich effect pressure data. The gas mass fraction fgas is obtained from the resulting SuperModel temperature profile extrapolated up to the virial radius R, which turns out in agreement with the steep temperature profiles observed by Suzaku, and from the gas density profile observed by XMM–Newton. The comparison between fgas with the universal value indicates a non-thermal pressure component, pnth, in the cluster outskirts. The SuperModel analysis shows a ratio α(R) (${\simeq}50{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$) of pnth to the total pressure greater than the values found by simulations, highlighting the possible presence of accreting substructures and inhomogeneities in the gas density profile. Once that this profile is corrected for clumpiness, the level of pnth is considerably reduced. However, a significant turbulence ($\alpha (R)\simeq 20{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$) and entropy flattening are still present in the outskirts of the galaxy cluster Zwicky 3146.
LARgE survey – III. Environments of ultra-massive passive galaxies at cosmic noon: BCG progenitors growing through mergers
Authors: Sawicki Marcin , Arcila-Osejo Liz , Golob Anneya , Moutard Thibaud , Arnouts Stéphane , Cheema Gurpreet Kaur 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT
We study the environments of a sample of 61 extremely rare $z\, \sim$1.6 Ultra-Massive Passively Evolving Galaxies (UMPEGs: stellar masses M⋆ &gt;1011.5 M⊙) which – based on clustering analysis presented in Cheema et al. (2020) – appear to be associated with very massive (Mhalo ∼ 1014.1h−1 M⊙) dark matter haloes that are likely to be the progenitors of $z\, \sim$0 massive (Coma- and Virgo-like) galaxy clusters. We find that UMPEGs on average have fewer than one satellite galaxy with mass ratio $M_{\star }^{\text{sat}}$:$M_{\star }^{{\text{UMPEG}}}$ ≥ 1:5 (i.e. $M_{\star }^{\text{sat}}$$\gtrsim 10^{10.8}$ M⊙) within 0.5 Mpc; the large mass gap that we observe between the typical UMPEG and its most massive satellite implies that the $z\, \sim$1.6 UMPEGs assembled through major mergers. Using observed satellite counts with merger time-scales from the literature, we estimate the growth rate due to mergers with mass ratio of ≥1:4 to be ∼13 per cent Gyr−1 (with a $\sim \, 2 \times$ systematic uncertainty). This relatively low growth rate is unlikely to significantly affect the shape of the massive end of the stellar mass function, whose evolution must instead be driven by the quenching of new cohorts of ultra-massive star-forming galaxies. However, this growth rate is high enough that, if sustained to $z\, \sim$0, the typical $z\, \sim$1.6 $M_{\star }^{{\text{UMPEG}}}$ =1011.6 M⊙ UMPEG can grow into a M⋆ ≈1012 M⊙ brightest cluster galaxy (BCG) of a present-day massive galaxy cluster. Our observations favour a scenario in which our UMPEGs are main-branch progenitors of some of the present-day BCGs that have first assembled through major mergers at high redshifts and grown further through (likely minor) merging at later times.
Human POT1 unfolds G-quadruplexes by conformational selection
Authors: Chaires Jonathan B , Gray Robert D , Dean William L , Monsen Robert , DeLeeuw Lynn W , Stribinskis Vilius , Trent John O 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe reaction mechanism by which the shelterin protein POT1 (Protection of Telomeres 1) unfolds human telomeric G-quadruplex structures is not fully understood. We report here kinetic, thermodynamic, hydrodynamic and computational studies that show that a conformational selection mechanism, in which POT1 binding is coupled to an obligatory unfolding reaction, is the most plausible mechanism. Stopped-flow kinetic and spectroscopic titration studies, along with isothermal calorimetry, were used to show that binding of the single-strand oligonucleotide d[TTAGGGTTAG] to POT1 is both fast (80 ms) and strong (−10.1 ± 0.3 kcal mol−1). In sharp contrast, kinetic studies showed the binding of POT1 to an initially folded 24 nt G-quadruplex structure is four orders of magnitude slower. Fluorescence, circular dichroism and analytical ultracentrifugation studies showed that POT1 binding is coupled to quadruplex unfolding, with a final complex with a stoichiometry of 2 POT1 per 24 nt DNA. The binding isotherm for the POT1-quadruplex interaction was sigmoidal, indicative of a complex reaction. A conformational selection model that includes equilibrium constants for both G-quadruplex unfolding and POT1 binding to the resultant single-strand provided an excellent quantitative fit to the experimental binding data. POT1 unfolded and bound to any conformational form of human telomeric G-quadruplex (antiparallel, hybrid, parallel monomers or a 48 nt sequence with two contiguous quadruplexes), but did not avidly interact with duplex DNA or with other G-quadruplex structures. Finally, molecular dynamics simulations provided a detailed structural model of a 2:1 POT1:DNA complex that is fully consistent with experimental biophysical results.
PHB regulates meiotic recombination via JAK2-mediated histone modifications in spermatogenesis
Authors: Zhang Ling-Fei , Tan-Tai Wen-Jing , Li Xiao-Hui , Liu Mo-Fang , Shi Hui-Juan , Martin-DeLeon Patricia A , O Wai-Sum , Chen Hong 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Previously, we have shown that human sperm Prohibitin (PHB) expression is significantly negatively correlated with mitochondrial ROS levels but positively correlated with mitochondrial membrane potential and motility. However, the possible role of PHB in mammalian spermatogenesis has not been investigated. Here we document the presence of PHB in spermatocytes and its functional roles in meiosis by generating the first male germ cell-specific Phb-cKO mouse. Loss of PHB in spermatocytes resulted in complete male infertility, associated with not only meiotic pachytene arrest with accompanying apoptosis, but also apoptosis resulting from mitochondrial morphology and function impairment. Our mechanistic studies show that PHB in spermatocytes regulates the expression of STAG3, a key component of the meiotic cohesin complex, via a non-canonical JAK/STAT pathway, and consequently promotes meiotic DSB repair and homologous recombination. Furthermore, the PHB/JAK2 axis was found as a novel mechanism in the maintenance of stabilization of meiotic STAG3 cohesin complex and the modulation of heterochromatin formation in spermatocytes during meiosis. The observed JAK2-mediated epigenetic changes in histone modifications, reflected in a reduction of histone 3 tyrosine 41 phosphorylation (H3Y41ph) and a retention of H3K9me3 at the Stag3 locus, could be responsible for Stag3 dysregulation in spermatocytes with the loss of PHB.