bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical scoring systems, molecular subtypes and baseline [18F]FDG PET/CT image analysis for prognosis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Sun Zhuxu , Yang Tianshuo , Ding Chongyang , Shi Yuye , Cheng Luyi , Jia Qingshen , Tao Weijing 
Published: December 2024

AbstractDiffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a highly heterogeneous hematological malignancy resulting in a range of outcomes, and the early prediction of these outcomes has important implications for patient management. Clinical scoring systems provide the most commonly used prognostic evaluation criteria, and the value of genetic testing has also been confirmed by in-depth research on molecular typing. [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography / computed tomography ([18F]FDG PET/CT) is an invaluable tool for predicting DLBCL progression. Conventional baseline image-based parameters and machine learning models have been used in prognostic FDG PET/CT studies of DLBCL; however, numerous studies have shown that combinations of baseline clinical scoring systems, molecular subtypes, and parameters and models based on baseline FDG PET/CT image may provide better predictions of patient outcomes and aid clinical decision-making in patients with DLBCL.
Laboratory and field monitoring tests of volcanic soil (Ta-d) triggering landslides in the 2018 Hokkaido Eastern Iburi earthquake
Authors: Kawamura Kimika , Matsumura Satoshi , Kawamura Shima 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
The 2018 Hokkaido Eastern Iburi Earthquake triggered serious geodisasters, resulting in several landslides in volcanic soils depending on their geological features. However, there is limited investigation from the geotechnical viewpoint. Considering various volcanic soils are deposited in Hokkaido, Japan, it is crucial to ensure disaster prevention of infrastructures related to volcanic soils.

Methods
To investigate the degree of weathering, water-retention characteristics, and mechanical properties of the volcanic soil, which triggered landslides during the earthquake, called Ta-d, this study conducted laboratory tests including X-ray diffraction, water-retention, and direct shear tests under various conditions related to a type of Ta-d, saturation condition, and stress dependency. Moreover, the pore pressure of the location where the landslides occurred was monitored for over a year to investigate the effect of rainfall on the previous day of the earthquake on the landslides.

Results
The laboratory and field monitoring test results showed that Ta-d can be categorized into three types depending on the color and physical properties, which have different degrees of weathering and shear strengths. The water content of Ta-d was high (>100 %) throughout the year, whereas it exhibited a seasonal change due to snowfall, which covered the ground surface. Furthermore, fluctuations caused by the seasonal changes are more significant than those caused by rainfall, which indicated that the rainfall on the previous day of the earthquake was not a primary factor in the occurrence of the landslides

Conclusions
This study reveals the geotechnical properties of Ta-d, which has not been well known, as comparing with those of other Hokkaido volcanic soils, and gives insights into the significant factors that can potentially cause the earthquake-induced geodisasters.
The evolution mechanism of social emotions during the Covid-19 pandemic: an analysis based on big data from Twitter and GDELT
Authors: Weigang Gong , Meng Zhu , Hao Chen 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis paper focuses on the evolutionary mechanism of social emotions, such as panic, anxiety, and depression, during the COVID-19 pandemic by using big data from the internet, including Twitter and GDELT, and by incorporating factors related to risk communication and risk response in risk governance. The main negative emotions experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic include panic, anxiety, and depression. These negative emotions primarily erupted on a large scale during the initial phase of the first wave of the epidemic, whereas the fluctuations in negative emotions during subsequent resurgences were significantly smaller. This paper explains the evolution of panic and depression through analytical frameworks based on threat perception and coping efficacy, as well as social pressure and social support. The fluctuations in negative emotions around the world exhibit both similarities and diversities, which are closely related to the diversity of pandemic response models and cultural characteristics across different regions. The findings of this study have important implications for emergency management and the guidance of social mentality.
Dental implant site preparation with conventional rotary drill or piezosurgery: five-year after placement results from a within person randomised controlled trial
Authors: Azaripour Adriano , Farina Vittorio Siro Leone , Esposito Marco , Buti Jacopo , Al-Nawas Bilal , Sagheb Keyvan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate whether there are clinical benefits by preparing dental implant sites using piezosurgery instead of conventional rotary drills in healed bone crests and if initial crestal soft tissue thickness could have an impact on marginal bone loss.

Methods
Twenty-five partially edentulous patients requiring two single implants in molar/premolar areas had each site randomly allocated to either piezosurgery or to conventional rotary drill preparation according to a split-mouth design. Definitive screw-retained metal-ceramic crowns were delivered after 6 months. All patients were followed to 5 years after placement. Outcome measures were: implant/crown failures, complications, peri-implant marginal bone level changes, resonance frequency analysis (RFA), and time required to complete site preparation, recorded, when possible, by blinded assessors.

Results
No patients dropped-out and no implant failed. Five years after placement, there were no statistically significant differences for complications (only one complication in the piezo group: difference = 0.04; P = 1), for peri-implant bone loss (difference = −0.11 mm; 95% CI −0.24 to 0.01; P = 0.083), and for RFA changes (6 months) (difference = −0.35; 95% CI −1.95 to 1.25; P = 0.672 between groups). Significantly more time was needed to prepare implant sites with piezosurgery (difference = 236.8 s; 95% CI −286.12 to −187.48; P < 0.0001). Initial soft tissue thickness had no effect on peri-implant bone loss (estimate = 0.05; 95% CI −0.03; 0.12; P = 0.239).

Conclusions
No clinically appreciable differences were noticed when placing implants using piezosurgery or conventional instrumentation with rotary drill, however, the preparation with rotary drills was on average 4 min faster. No effect of initial crestal soft tissue thickness was observed on peri-implant bone loss.
Effect of changes in skin properties due to diabetes mellitus on the titration period of transdermal fentanyl: single-center retrospective study and diabetic animal model study
Authors: Mizuno Satoshi , Takabayashi Makiko , Makihara Hiroko , Ogai Kazuhiro , Tsukui Kei , Ito Yuriko , Kawakami Takahiro , Hara Yusuke , Fujita Arimi , Tokudome Yoshihiro , Akase Tomoko , Kato Yukio , Shimada Tsutomu , Sai Yoshimichi 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
In the dose titration of transdermal fentanyl to prevent unrelieved pain, it is important to consider not only dose adjustment, but also the titration period, which is influenced by the time required to reach the steady state. Many patients with cancer pain experience comorbidities that might affect the skin properties and influence transdermal absorption. We hypothesized that skin changes due to diabetes mellitus (DM) would affect the titration period of transdermal fentanyl. We conducted a retrospective study and diabetic animal model study to test this hypothesis.

Methods
In the retrospective study, the titration period was defined in terms of “dose change” and “number of rescue opioids” in patients initiated on transdermal fentanyl. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the relation between the titration period and comorbidities, including DM. In the diabetic animal model study, intercellular lipids of stratum corneum (SC) were analyzed in Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats, a model of DM, and the pharmacokinetics of intravenously or transdermally administered fentanyl was examined.

Results
In the retrospective study, the titration period ranged from 5 to 39 days (n = 387), and the patients taking a longer period (6 days or more) was significantly related to in patients with unspecified DM: AOR (95% confidence interval), 0.438 (0.217–0.884). In the diabetic animal model study, the ceramides (CERs) content in the SC was decreased by approximately 30% in GK rats compared to Wistar rats. The absorption rate constant (ka) of fentanyl administered transdermally was increased approximately 1.4-fold in GK rats, though there was no difference in transdermal bioavailability (F) or systemic clearance (CLtot).

Conclusion
Our results suggest that the steady state of transdermally administered fentanyl is reached sooner in cancer patients with DM as a comorbidity. Earlier pain assessment and dose adjustment may be possible in these patients.
Pharmacist intervention and identification of adverse events related to treatment efficacy in cancer chemotherapy to improve clinical outcomes
Authors: Fujii Hironori 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAdverse events (AEs) induced by cancer chemotherapy reduce not only patient quality of life (QOL) but also the efficacy of treatment. Management of AEs can therefore improve both the efficacy and safety of cancer chemotherapy. This review describes the contribution of pharmacists to the management of adverse events aimed at improving the treatment efficacy of cancer chemotherapy. Efforts to improve the evidence-practice gap are a useful approach to countermeasures against AEs. Pharmacists can intervene in these efforts in the course of their daily practice. Here, we made undertook to improve the evidence-practice gap in prophylaxis pharmacotherapy for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) and anti-EGFR antibody-induced acneiform rash. After intervention by pharmacists, the rate of adherence to prophylaxis pharmacotherapy for these AEs was significantly improved, and the incidence of CINV and acneiform rash was significantly decreased. Notably, time to treatment failure (TTF) with anti-EGFR antibody therapy tended to be increased, and may have contributed to an improvement in therapeutic effect. Next, we examined adverse events associated with anti-cancer drugs related to the therapeutic effect of cancer chemotherapy. Incidence of hypomagnesemia in patients receiving anti-EGFR antibodies and neutropenia in patients receiving TAS-102 was significantly associated with the therapeutic effect of cancer chemotherapy. Moreover, we examined the impact of cancer cachexia, a cancer-associated AE, on the therapeutic effect of immune checkpoint inhibitors. In patients receiving nivolumab, the presence of cancer cachexia prior to treatment initiation was associated with shorter OS and TTF. In summary, pharmacist management of AEs was shown to improve treatment response. Further, AEs which are predictive of treatment response in cancer chemotherapy were identified. Management of these AEs is an important role for pharmacists aiming to improve patient QOL and treatment efficacy.
The microorganisms and metabolome of Pinus radiata Pollen
Authors: Armstrong Charlotte , Ganasamurthy Syaliny , Wigley Kathryn , Mercier Celine , Wakelin Steve 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Pollen is a crucial source of nutrients and energy for pollinators. It also provides a unique habitat and resource for microbiota. Previous research on the microbiome of pollen has largely focused on angiosperm systems, with limited research into coniferous gymnosperms. This study characterises the pollen microbiome and metabolome associated with one of the world’s most widely grown tree species, Pinus radiata. Trees were sampled from locations across Canterbury, New Zealand. Repeated collections were undertaken in 2020 and 2021.

Results
Metabolomic analysis revealed the main compounds present on P. radiata pollen to be amino acids (principally proline), and carbohydrates (fructose, glucose, and sucrose). Although phenolic compounds such as ρ-coumaric acid and catechin, and terpenoids such as dehydroabietic acid, were present at low concentrations, their strong bioactive natures mean they may be important in ecological filtering of microbiome communities on pollen. The P. radiata pollen microbiome was richer in fungal taxa compared with bacteria, which differs from many angiosperm species. Geographic range and annual variation were evaluated as drivers of microbiome assembly. Neither sampling location (geographic range) nor annual variation significantly influenced the fungal community which exhibited remarkable conservation across samples. However, some bacterial taxa exhibited sensitivity to geographic distances and yearly variations, suggesting a secondary role of these factors for some taxa. A core microbiome was identified in P. radiata pollen, characterized by a consistent presence of specific fungal and bacterial taxa across samples. While the dominant phyla, Proteobacteria and Ascomycota, align with findings from other pollen microbiome studies, unique core members were unidentified at genus level.

Conclusion
This tree species-specific microbiome assembly emphasizes the crucial role of the host plant in shaping the pollen microbiome. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of pollen microbiomes in gymnosperms, shedding light on the need to look further at their ecological and functional roles.
The lost generation of Pemphigus populiglobuli (Hemiptera, Aphididae): exploring the taxonomy of the Svalbard aphids of genus Pemphigus
Authors: Wieczorek Karina , Chłond Dominik , Jousselin Emmanuelle , Coulson Stephen J. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSpecies identification within the aphid genus Pemphigus Hartig, 1839 poses challenges due to morphological similarities and host-plant associations. Aphids of this genus generally exhibit complex life cycles involving primary hosts (poplars) and secondary (mostly unrelated herbaceous) host-plants, with some species relying solely on root-feeding generation. An example is a representative of the genus Pemphigus, trophically associated with grass roots, found in the High Arctic Svalbard archipelago. Historical records tentatively identify it as Pemphigus groenlandicus (Rübsaamen, 1898), although its formal classification remains elusive, due to limited material of freshly collected samples. Recent collections from 2007 to 2024 across various Svalbard sites, revealed its presence under stones in sheltered microhabitats, providing valuable specimens for comparative studies. Our molecular analyses indicate that the Svalbard specimens are not a separate species commonly identified as P. groenlandicus, nor an anholocyclic generation of Pemphigus bursarius (Linnaeus, 1758) or P. borealis Tullgren, 1909, but represent a secondary generation of Pemphigus populiglobuli Fitch, 1859, the Nearctic poplar bullet gall aphid. This suggests that they may have lost their primary host associations and adapted to living on grass roots year-round. Our specimens did not host any known facultative symbionts; however, we detected a strain of Pseudomonas Migula, 1894, closely related to a cold-tolerant bacterium abundant in polar regions. The present study also investigates the taxonomic relationships and morphometric characteristics of grass-feeding Pemphigus populations across the Arctic and an isolated locations on the European continent. Specimens from Svalbard were compared with samples from Greenland and Iceland, but identified no substantial morphometric differences among these geographically separated populations. Similarly, analyses of samples of Pemphigus groenlandicus crassicornis Hille Ris Lambers, 1952 from Sweden and Spain reveals a high morphometric similarity to the Arctic population, indicating a strong link between these traits and geographical variability. Despite the limitations in fresh material availability across locations, minor morphometric variations and shared ecological niches (all populations studied inhabiting grass roots, a unique trait within the Pemphigus genus) suggest treating both P. groenlandicus and its subspecies crassicornis as a junior synonym to P. populiglobuli. The study also demonstrates that the secondary generation of P. populiglobuli is a terrestrial microarthropod that overwinters in a postembryonic life-stage in situ in soil and vegetation under harsh Arctic conditions, and its cryptic life complicates its distribution mapping.
Emotions in misinformation studies: distinguishing affective state from emotional response and misinformation recognition from acceptance
Authors: Lühring Jula , Shetty Apeksha , Koschmieder Corinna , Garcia David , Waldherr Annie , Metzler Hannah 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPrior studies indicate that emotions, particularly high-arousal emotions, may elicit rapid intuitive thinking, thereby decreasing the ability to recognize misinformation. Yet, few studies have distinguished prior affective states from emotional reactions to false news, which could influence belief in falsehoods in different ways. Extending a study by Martel et al. (Cognit Res: Principles Implic 5: 1–20, 2020), we conducted a pre-registered online survey experiment in Austria (N = 422), investigating associations of emotions and discernment of false and real news related to COVID-19. We found no associations of prior affective state with discernment, but observed higher anger and less joy in response to false compared to real news. Exploratory analyses, including automated analyses of open-ended text responses, suggested that anger arose for different reasons in different people depending on their prior beliefs. In our educated and left-leaning sample, higher anger was often related to recognizing the misinformation as such, rather than accepting the false claims. We conclude that studies need to distinguish between prior affective state and emotional response to misinformation and consider individuals’ prior beliefs as determinants of emotions.
Time to deterioration of patient-reported outcome endpoints in cancer clinical trials: targeted literature review and best practice recommendations
Authors: Cocks Kim , King-Kallimanis Bellinda L. , Sims Joel , Worthy Gill , Stein Julia , Ayala–Nunes Lara , Achra Monika , Cui Zhanglin Lin , Payakachat Nalin 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Time to deterioration (TTD) endpoints are often utilized in the analysis of patient-reported outcome (PRO) data in oncology clinical trials but different endpoint definitions and analysis frameworks exist that can impact result interpretation. This review examined the analysis, reporting and heterogeneity of TTD endpoints in the literature, the impact of analysis methods on results, and provides recommendations for future trials.

Methods
A targeted literature review of articles published between 2017 and 2022 was performed to collate TTD endpoints reported in oncology randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Details of endpoints and results were extracted including; deterioration definition, PRO assessment schedule, methods for handling intercurrent events, statistical analysis methods, main trial results (overall survival and/or progression-free survival) and TTD endpoint results.

Results
Seventy RCTs were included covering 849 individual TTD endpoints. There were 17 primary cancer types, with lung (26%), breast (11%), and prostate (7%) cancers the most common. Most trials (71%) were for people with advanced cancer. Full definitions of TTD endpoints were often missing. There were no clear trends for a specific TTD definition within cancer types or stages. However, statistical analysis methods were consistent among trials.

Conclusion
The TTD definition can vary and is ultimately driven by the research question. Points to consider for successfully implementing PRO TTD endpoints in oncology include consideration of the trial setting (e.g., early vs. advanced cancer), expected treatment effect (e.g., improvement vs. worsening), likely adverse event profile (including early vs. delayed) and PRO data collection frequency in order to improve utility of these endpoints.
Collagen-based materials in male genitourinary diseases and tissue regeneration
Authors: Li Fangyuan , XinHuang  , Wang Ruiying , Li Yujing , Wu Lukanxuan , Qiao Xinyu , Zhong Yuchan , Gong Guidong , Huang Wei 
Published: December 2024

AbstractMale genitourinary dysfunction causes serious physical or mental distress, such as infertility and psychological harm, which leads to impaired quality of life. Current conventional treatments involving drug therapy, surgical repair, and tissue grafting have a limited effect on recovering the function and fertility of the genitourinary organs. To address these limitations, various biomaterials have been explored, with collagen-based materials increasingly gaining attention for reconstructing the male genitourinary system due to their superior biocompatibility, biodegradability, low antigenicity, biomimetic 3D matrix characteristics, hemostatic efficacy, and tissue regeneration capabilities. This review covers the recent biomedical applications of collagen-based materials including treatment of erectile dysfunction, premature ejaculation, penile girth enlargement, prostate cancer, Peyronie's disease, chronic kidney disease, etc. Although there are relatively few clinical trials, the promising results of the existing studies on animal models reveal a bright future for collagen-based materials in the treatment of male genitourinary diseases.
Graphic Abstract