bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is bullying in adolescence associated with the development of depressive symptoms in adulthood?: A longitudinal cohort study
Authors: Winding Trine Nøhr , Skouenborg Lisbeth Astrid , Mortensen Vibeke Lie , Andersen Johan Hviid 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
Being bullied in adolescence is linked to mental health problems like anxiety, depressive- and somatic symptoms and can have negative consequences on both an individual and a societal level. However, evidence regarding the long-term mental health consequences of bullying in adolescence is limited. The aim of this study was to examine whether being bullied at age 15 or 18 was associated with experiencing depressive symptoms at age 28, and to examine whether being bullied at both ages 15 and 18 increased the risk of experiencing depressive symptoms at age 28.

Methods
A prospective cohort study, which applied data from the West Jutland Cohort Study, was conducted. Bullying and depressive symptoms were measured on the basis of self-reported data from surveys in 2004, 2007 and 2017. Depressive symptoms were measured with the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. A total of 1790 participants were included in the study, and analyzed by multiple logistic regressions.

Results
The results showed associations between being bullied at age 15 or 18 and the reporting of depressive symptoms at age 28 when adjusted for potential confounders. An exposure–response relationship was seen in those who were bullied at both ages 15 and 18. This group had the highest risk of developing depressive symptoms at age 28.

Conclusions
Being bullied in adolescence was associated with developing depressive symptoms in adulthood and there was an exposure–response relationship between being bullied over time and the later reporting of depressive symptoms. The results highlight the need to provide more detailed information to schools and local communities about the negative consequences of bullying. Such increased awareness may help reduce the risk of young people developing depressive symptoms later in life.
Expanding capacity in mental health research in intellectual disabilities
Authors: Hassiotis Angela , Langdon Peter , Courtenay Ken , Hall Ian , Lloyd-Evans Bryn , Romeo Renee , Kouroupa Athanasia , Crossey Vicky , Taggart Laurence 
Published: November 2020

SummaryAlthough the research base on mental health in intellectual disabilities is advancing, there are long-standing barriers that hinder successful completion of funded studies. A variety of stakeholders hold the key to mitigating the challenges and arriving at sustainable solutions that involve researchers, experts by experience, clinicians and many others in the research pathway. Lessons learned during the COVID-19 pandemic can also contribute to improvements in the conduct of research in the medium to long term. People with an intellectual disability and mental health conditions deserve high standards of evidence-based care.
Modernization of the State Internal Financial Audit System of the Russian Federation
Authors: Pavlova Larisa 
Published: November 2020

Th e article examines the ongoing changes in the fi eld of internal fi nancial audit in Russia, carried out in four
vectors: regulatory; personnel; empowering the internal auditor with de facto independence and improving automated
systems. Th e assessment of the quality of the internal fi nancial audit system in the Russian Federation was carried out
according to the data of regulatory authorities and from the point of view of the heads of fi nancial services of budgetary
institutions. Measures are proposed to improve the state internal fi nancial audit.
In vitro mechanical vibration down-regulates pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic signaling in human vocal fold fibroblasts
Authors: Hortobagyi David , Grossmann Tanja , Tschernitz Magdalena , Grill Magdalena , Kirsch Andrijana , Gerstenberger Claus , Gugatschka Markus 
Published: November 2020

IntroductionVoice rest following phonotrauma or phonosurgery has a considerable clinical impact, but clinical recommendations are inconsistent due to inconclusive data. As biopsies of the vocal folds (VF) for molecular biology studies in humans are unethical, we established a newin vitromodel to explore the effects of vibration on human vocal fold fibroblasts (hVFF) in an inflammatory and normal state, which is based on previously published models.MethodsBy using a phonomimetic bioreactor we were able to apply predefined vibrational stress patterns on hVFF cultured under inflammatory or normal conditions. Inflammatory and pro-fibrotic stimuli were induced by interleukin (IL)1β and transforming growth factor (TGF)β1, respectively. Mechanical stimulation was applied four hours daily, over a period of 72 hours. Outcome measurements comprised assessment of extracellular matrix (ECM)-related components, angiogenic factors, and inflammatory and fibrogenic markers on gene expression and protein levels.ResultsUnder inflammatory conditions, the inflammatory cytokine IL11, as well as the myofibroblast marker alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) were significantly reduced when additional vibration was applied. The desirable anti-fibrotic ECM component hyaluronic acid was increased following cytokine treatment, but was not diminished following vibration.ConclusionOur experiments revealed the effect of vibrational stress on hVFF in an inflammatory state. Elevated levels of certain pro-inflammatory/pro-fibrotic factors could be mitigated by additional vibrational excitation in anin vitrosetting. These findings corroborate clinical studies which recommend early voice activation following an acute event.
Influence of quantified dry cupping on soft tissue compliance in athletes with myofascial pain syndrome
Authors: Chiu Yen-Chun , Manousakas Ioannis , Kuo Shyh Ming , Shiao Jen-Wen , Chen Chien-Liang 
Published: November 2020

PurposeThis study aimed to develop a quantitative dry cupping system that can monitor negative pressure attenuation and soft tissue pull-up during cupping to quantify soft tissue compliance.MethodsBaseball players with myofascial pain syndrome were recruited to validate the benefits of cupping therapy. Nine of 40 baseball players on the same team were diagnosed with trapezius myofascial pain syndrome; another nine players from the same team were recruited as controls. All participants received cupping with a negative pressure of 400 mmHg for 15 minutes each time, twice a week, for 4 weeks. Subjective perception was investigated using upper extremity function questionnaires, and soft tissue compliance was quantified objectively by the system.ResultsDuring the 15-minute cupping procedure, pressure attenuation in the normal group was significantly greater than that in the myofascial group (p= 0.017). The soft tissue compliance in the normal group was significantly higher than that in the myofascial group (p= 0.050). Moreover, a 4-week cupping intervention resulted in an obvious increase in soft tissue lift in the myofascial pain group (p= 0.027), although there was no statistical difference in the improvement of soft tissue compliance. Shoulder (p= 0.023) and upper extremity function (p= 0.008) were significantly improved in both groups, but there was no significant difference between the two groups.ConclusionThis quantitative cupping monitoring system could immediately assess tissue compliance and facilitate the improvement of soft tissues after cupping therapy. Hence, it can be used in athletes to improve their functional recovery and maintain soft tissues health during the off-season period.
High frequency of azole resistant Candida spp. colonization among presumptive multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) patients
Authors: Darma Surya , Ambara Angga , Aman Abu Tholib , Annisa Luthvia , Nurrokhman  , Nuryastuti Titik , Wibawa Tri 
Published: November 2020

Background
Tuberculosis is one of the major causes of death globally. The problems become even more complicated with the rise in prevalence of multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). Many diseases have been reported to occur with tuberculosis making it more difficult to manage. Candida spp., which are yeast-like fungi and a constituent of normal flora in humans, are notoriously reported to be one of the most common opportunistic nosocomial infections. This study aimed to measure the proportion of presumptive MDR-TB patients colonized with Candida spp. and to characterize its susceptibility against azole group antifungal agents.

Methods
Sputum from presumptive MDR-TB patients were collected and examined for the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and its rifampicin resistant status using GeneXpert. It was further cultured on Sabouroud’s Dextrose Agar (SDA) to isolate the Candida spp. The Candida species were determined using HiCrome™ Candidal Differential Agar. Antifungal susceptibility was tested using microbroth dilution methods. Checkerboard microdilution assays were performed to measure the interaction between rifampicin and fluconazole to C. albicans.

Results
There were 355 presumptive MDR-TB patients enrolled. A total of 101 (28.4%) patients were confirmed to have M. tuberculosis. There were 113 (31.8%) sputum positive for Candida spp., which corresponded to 149 Candida spp. isolates. Candida albicans was the most frequent (53.7%) species isolated from all patients. The susceptibility of Candida spp. against fluconazole, itraconazole, and ketoconazole were 38.3%, 1.3%, and 10.7% respectively. There was significant association between rifampicin exposure history and susceptibility of Candida albicans against fluconazole (Odds Ratio: 9.96; 95% CI: 1.83–54.19; p <0.01), but not for ketoconazole and itraconazole. The checkerboard microdilution assays showed that rifampicin decreased the fungicidal activity of fluconazole to C. albicans in a dose-dependent manner.

Conclusion
There was high frequency of azole resistant Candida spp. isolates colonizing the respiratory tract of presumptive MDR-TB patients. This presence might indicate the association of chronic exposure to rifampicin, the main drug for tuberculosis therapy, with the induction of azole resistance.
COGNITIVE CORRELATES OF LACK OF JUDGMENT AND INSIGHT IN PATIENTS WITH PARANOID SCHIZOPHRENIA: METHODOLOGY AND RESEARCH PROGRAM
Authors: Pekker Mariya Valerievna , Shchelkova Olga Yurievna 
Published: November 2020

The article emphasizes a vagueness in scientific views and assessment tools common in Russian psychology and psychiatry about lack of judgement and insight phenomenon. The approach justifies a necessity to improve psychological assessment of lack of judgement and insight in patients with paranoid schizophrenia, taking into account the emergence of new scientific data and theories, in particular the concepts of cognitive deficit and metacognitive functions. For this reason, the method of assessment of lack of judgment and insight is justified using, among others, the quantitative indicators of cognitive functions. There are 90 patients of mental hospital diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia examined by now. Using a semi-structured interview, the characteristics of lack of judgment, anosognosia and incorrect self-awareness were obtained in these patients, as well as their attitude to erroneous decisions. Using clinical scales (values were verified by psychiatrist), the social performance and symptoms severity were evaluated. The cognitive performance was assessed by number of neuropsychological tools. Also, a brief neuropsychological monitoring was used to exclude patients with organic pathology. An attempt is made to experimentally evaluate cognitive correlates of lack of judgment and insight (understood as metacognitive function, as ability to recognize and correct erroneous decisions) in patients with paranoid schizophrenia by means of a comprehensive analysis of the patient's erroneous decisions, their attitude to them and characteristics of cognitive deficit.
EMPOWERMENT OF DOLLY LOCALIZATION COMMUNITIES WITH BATIK-BASED INNOVATION AND EXPORT POTENTIALS IN PUTAT JAYA AREA, SURABAYA EAST JAVA
Authors: Widiana Muslichah Erma , Wahyudi Suhud , Enny W. Mahmuda 
Published: November 2020

Community service program entitled Innovation of Batik Craftsmen by Empowering Human Resources "Ex-Dolly Localization" Based on High Competitiveness Science and Technology and Leading Export Potentials of Kel. Putat jaya barat, Surabaya East Java. Partners (1) Mrs. Kusmiati Putat Jaya Barat VIIIB-31 Surabaya. Partners (2) The Women of Putat Jaya Barat VIIIB and surrounding areas who have an interest as batik artisans. Partners are assisted by the City Government which is affected by the closure of the localization of the economy, then the City Government facilitated the establishment of the Jarak Arum. Problems: 1) The batik cloth produced starts from a monotonous design, so far it has been designed conventionally so it is not effective. 2) tools for stamped batik cloth have often been used so that the design does not vary. 3) The craftsmen to always be enthusiastic need to be motivated as craftsmen and so batik that is competitive and has a high selling value needs to be widely known.
The solution: 1) Technology Application of the software for batik design and coloring so that new designs will always appear. 2) Stamped batik equipment consisting of a stamp and its stamp 3) Knowledge of entrepreneurial spirit and technology in conducting marketing activities. Methods: (1) Design, build, maintain the use of Technology Application of software for batik design and coloring so that new designs will always appear (2) Design, build, maintain the use of stamp equipment for partners1 and partners2 (3) Training, practice, and assistance transmits entrepreneurial mindset and behavior, e-marketing with smartphones for partners 1 and partners 2.
The GENDER RELATIONS AND INTRA-HOUSEHOLD RESOURCE ALLOCATIONS: WOMEN’ S ACCESS TO AGRICULTURE EXTENSION AND ADVISORY SERVICES IN KABLE DISTRICT, UGANDA
Authors: Mbabazi Peace 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Gender relations embody and justify unequal power relations in intra-household allocation and livelihood improvement strategies. While women are the main actors in agriculture production in the Kabale’s dominant smallholder farmer households, they are restricted from control and use of the production resources necessary to access Agriculture Extension and Advisory Services. Household and higher level institutional structures are within patriarchal power setting and women have to bargain through explicit and implicit ways to access household resources, each with implications on accessibility to support services needed to improve livelihood. There are however, some few cases of mutual cooperation with positive ramifications on access to extension services as well as on household livelihood outcomes. While this paper recognizes eminent reforms during the era of agriculture modernisation, these have not yet fully achieved power and institutional transformation for the meaningful positioning of women with regard to control and use of resources needed to access extension services at household level.
making a peoples defense and safety System
Authors: Herianto Novi , Nakir M. 
Published: November 2020

Article 30 of the 1945 Constitution is the basis for the formulation and drafting of Law No.3 / 2002 on national defense. In article 30, it is stipulated that national defense and security efforts are carried out through the system of defense and security of the total people by the Indonesian National Army and the Indonesian National Police, as the main force, and the people, as the supporting force. This system of defense and security for the people of the universe is then manifested in Law No.20 / 1982 concerning the main provisions of national defense. However, when the TAP MPR Number VI and Number VII was issued regarding the Separation of the Police from ABRI. The government is drafting a new Defense Law that is aligned to separate Defense and security that is adaptive to these changes. The defense is compiled and formulated and then translated into Law no. 3/2002, however, the Law on Security was not immediately realized, instead Law No.2 / 2002 concerning the Indonesian National Police. Until now, the Law on Security does not exist and has not been materialized. As a result, there is a gap between legislation in the defense sector and legislation in the security sector. Some of the mandates of Law No.3 / 2002 can then be translated into Laws, Government Regulations, Presidential decrees instead other legislation products to support national defense.
The lack of this security aspect of course affects the defense and security system which was previously manifested as a comprehensive unit which is of course adjusted to the history of the nation itself. In addition to defense duties which are military in nature, there are tasks in the field of military Nir which all fall into the category of security aspects. As long as there are no regulations governing Security, the Defense and Security System mandated in the 1945 constitution will never materialize.
Organizational culture empowering nurses an residents in nursing homes
Authors: Herold-Majumdar Astrid , Marijic Pavo , Stemmer Renate 
Published: November 2020

Purpose. If nurses should respect resident´s autonomy, nurses themselves must experience empowerment and respect for their own autonomy in the work environment. The purpose of this study is to get a deeper understanding of nurses’ perception of their own empowerment in the organization’s culture during an intervention program for strengthening autonomy.
Design/methodology/approach. Guided semi-structured interviews and moderated group discussions were conducted before and after the intervention. A structured and evaluative content analysis of the text material were performed.
Findings. In total 73 nurses and nurse aids working at frontline with the residents were voluntarily included into the study. New categories for nurses’ perceived empowerment and organizational culture could be derived from the text material.
Originality/value. The study’s results deliver a theoretical model with a sophisticated system of categories for organizational culture as perceived by nurses that can be used for further qualitative and quantitative research and for a sustainable organization development.
Prefronto-Striatal Structural Connectivity Mediates Adult Age Differences in Action Selection
Authors: Rasooli Amirhossein , Zivari Adab Hamed , Chalavi Sima , Monteiro Thiago S. , Dhollander Thijs , Mantini Dante , Swinnen Stephan P. 
Published: November 2020

In complex everyday environments, action selection is critical for optimal goal-directed behavior. This refers to the process of choosing a proper action from the range of possible alternatives. The neural mechanisms underlying action selection and how these are affected by normal aging remain to be elucidated. In the present cross-sectional study, we studied processes of effector selection during a multilimb reaction time task in a lifespan sample of healthy human adults (N= 89; 20-75 years; 48 males, 41 females). Participants were instructed to react as quickly and accurately as possible to visually cued stimuli representing single-limb or combined upper and/or lower limb motions. Diffusion MRI was used to study structural connectivity between prefrontal and striatal regions as critical nodes for action selection. Behavioral findings revealed that increasing age was associated with slowing of action selection performance. At the neural level, aging had a negative impact on prefronto-striatal connectivity. Importantly, mediation analyses revealed that the negative association between action selection performance and age was mediated by prefronto-striatal connectivity, specifically the connections between left rostral medial frontal gyrus and left nucleus accumbens as well as right frontal pole and left caudate. These results highlight the potential role of prefronto-striatal white matter decline in poorer action selection performance of older adults.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAs a result of enhanced life expectancy, researchers have devoted increasing attention to the study of age-related alterations in cognitive and motor functions. Here we study associations between brain structure and behavior to reveal the impact of central neural white matter changes as a function of normal aging on action selection performance. We demonstrate the critical role of a reduction in prefronto-striatal structural connectivity in accounting for action selection performance deficits in healthy older adults. Preserving this cortico-subcortical pathway may be critical for behavioral flexibility and functional independence in older age.
Estudio comparativo entre banda de tensión y tornillo compresivo para la artrodesis interfalángica proximal y metacarpofalángica
Authors: Bennice Javier , Gallucci Gerardo L. , Zaidenberg Ezequiel E. , De Carli Pablo , Boretto Jorge G. 
Published: November 2020

Resumen
Introducción: Los métodos más utilizados para la artrodesis de la articulación interfalángica proximal y metacarpofalángica son la banda de tensión y el tornillo compresivo. El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar los resultados entre pacientes tratados con estas técnicas. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio comparativo retrospectivo de 10 años. Se incluyeron pacientes esqueléticamente maduros tratados por artrosis y artritis. Se analizaron la tasa de consolidación ósea, el tiempo hasta la consolidación, la incidencia de complicaciones y la tasa de reoperaciones. En un análisis secundario, se compararon los pacientes reumáticos y no reumáticos. Resultados: Se evaluaron 56 casos en 44 pacientes (edad promedio 53 años). Grupo 1: 35 casos tratados con banda de tensión y grupo 2: 21 tratados con tornillo compresivo. Había 32 casos reumáticos y 24 no reumáticos. El seguimiento promedio fue de 24 meses. La tasa promedio de consolidación fue del 94,2% en el grupo 1 y del 85,7% en el grupo 2. La incidencia de complicaciones fue del 11,4% en el primer grupo y 23,8% en el segundo, y la tasa de reoperaciones, del 17,1% y del 0%, respectivamente. Conclusiones: Ambos métodos permiten lograr tasas altas de consolidación, pero la incidencia de seudoartrosis fue casi tres veces superior con el tornillo compresivo que con la banda de tensión. La tasa más alta de reoperaciones en el grupo con banda de tensión fue por extracción del material. El tiempo de consolidación fue más corto en los pacientes no reumáticos, independientemente de la técnica.
Palabras clave: Artrodesis; fusión interfalángica proximal y metacarpofalángica; banda de tensión; tornillo compresivo.
Nivel de Evidencia: III