bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Higher precipitation storage efficiency in nongrowing season ensures the success of dryland rain‐fed agricultural system
Authors: Li Ming , Zhang Kaiping , Qin Rongzhu , Wan Pingxing , Zhang Wenjuan , Eldoma Ibrahim M. , Zhang Feng , Li Fengmin 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn arid and semi‐arid regions, ridge‐furrow with plastic mulch (RFM) is an innovative approach to promote crop productivity and enhance food security. The long‐term effect of the RFM system on soil water is not known. A 7‐yr maize (Zea mays L.) field experiment was conducted between 2012 and 2018 in the Chinese Loess Plateau to estimate the spatial and temporal variation of soil water. The objectives were to (a) understand how RFM affects soil water status during and between growing seasons; and (b) investigate whether RFM causes the formation of dry soil layers and threaten the sustainability of the agricultural system. In the nongrowing season, the average precipitation storage efficiency (PSE) of the plastic mulching treatment was 78.2%, compared to just 17.7% for no film mulching treatment. Higher PSE means that the RFM system stored more precipitation during the nongrowing season. In addition, 2‐ and 5‐m soil profile water status showed that the film mulching did not overuse deep soil water and would not lead to the formation of dry soil layers. Our research indicated that the RFM was beneficial for increasing crop production and sustainability of agriculture in semi‐arid regions. Higher PSE during the nongrowing season played an important role in the success of RFM system. We recommend that farmers adopted year‐round plastic mulch management method to make fuller use of water resources.
Profitability of soybean production models with diversified crops in the autumn–winter
Authors: Garbelini Luiz Gustavo , Franchini Júlio Cezar , Debiasi Henrique , Balbinot Junior Alvadi Antônio , Betioli Junior Edner , Telles Tiago Santos 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn Brazil, soybean (Glycine max L.) have been grown in production systems with a low plant species diversification. However, these systems are becoming less efficient and sustainable. This study therefore evaluated the profitability of soybean production systems as a function of the degree of diversification of crops grown in the winter period. We conducted an experiment in Paraná state, Brazil, over 6 yr, under no‐tillage. The crop rotation systems included soybean, wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), and combinations of tropical forage crops, either planted independently or intercropped with maize (Zea mays L.) in the winter. We evaluated the crop yields, gross revenue, total operating cost, gross margin, and profit of each production model. Diversified crop rotation systems increase crop yields and profit compared with the maize–soybean system. The most interesting crop rotations with respect to yield and profit proved to be those that substituted second crop maize for brachiaria ruziziensis (Urochloa ruziziensis) grass as a cover crop every 3 yr or intercropped second crop maize with brachiaria ruziziensis.
Time intervals between the age at menarche and the onset of sexual activity in Polish women born between 1959 and 2001
Authors: Durda‐Masny Magdalena , Szwed Anita , Litwiniuk Zuzanna , Jarząbek‐Bielecka Grażyna , Hanć Tomasz , Czapla Zbigniew , Kaczmarek Maria 
Published: May 2020

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study was to assess time intervals between the age at menarche (AM) and age at sexual initiation (ASI) in Polish women born before and after the political transformation period in Poland.MethodsParticipants were 518 women born between 1959 and 2001 in Poland. AM and ASI were based on self‐report. Three birth cohorts were distinguished based on the year of birth: I (1959‐1979), II (1980‐1989), III (1990‐2001). Three categories of AM were distinguished: early maturing (<12.0 years), average (12.0‐13.0 years), and late maturing (≥14.0 years). Temporal intervals between AM and ASI were calculated.ResultsBoth AM and ASI decreased in subsequent birth cohorts, with the greatest changes observed in the women born after 1989. No significant differences in the time interval between AM and ASI were observed between birth cohorts. However, the time interval between AM and ASI differed by AM category (H = 74.16; P < .001). The longest time period between AM and ASI occurred in early maturing girls (7.13 years) and the shortest in late maturing girls (3.25 years).ConclusionsDespite the transformation and decline in both AM and ASI, the time interval between these two characteristics remained stable. Significant differences in the time interval were found among women stratified by AM. The time interval between AM and ASI was longer in girls who matured early in comparison to those maturing late or at the average time.
Recessive ACO2 variants as a cause of isolated ophthalmologic phenotypes
Authors: Gibson Shelley , Azamian Mahshid S. , Lalani Seema R. , Yen Kimberly G. , Sutton V. Reid , Scott Daryl A. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe mitochondrial aconitase gene (ACO2) encodes an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of citrate to isocitrate in the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Biallelic variants in ACO2 are purported to cause two distinct disorders: infantile cerebellar‐retinal degeneration (ICRD) which is characterized by CNS abnormalities, neurodevelopmental phenotypes, optic atrophy and retinal degeneration; and optic atrophy 9 (OPA9), characterized by isolated ophthalmologic phenotypes including optic atrophy and low vision. However, some doubt remains as to whether biallelic ACO2 variants can cause isolated ophthalmologic phenotypes. A review of the literature revealed five individuals from three families who carry biallelic ACO2 variants whose phenotypes are consistent with OPA9. Here, we describe a brother and sister with OPA9 who are compound heterozygous for novel missense variants in ACO2; c.[487G>T];[1894G>A], p.[(Val163Leu)];[(Val632Met)]. A review of pathogenic ACO2 variants revealed that those associated with OPA9 are distinct from those associated with ICRD. Missense variants associated with either OPA9 or ICRD do not cluster in distinct ACO2 domains, making it difficult to predict the severity of a variant based on position alone. We conclude that biallelic variants in ACO2 can cause the milder OPA9 phenotype, and that the OPA9‐related ACO2 variants identified to date are distinct from those that cause ICRD.
Ultramicropore Engineering by Dehydration to Enable Molecular Sieving of H2 by Calcium Trimesate
Authors: Mukherjee Soumya , Chen Shoushun , Bezrukov Andrey A. , Mostrom Matthew , Terskikh Victor V. , Franz Douglas , Wang Shi‐Qiang , Kumar Amrit , Chen Mansheng , Space Brian , Huang Yining , Zaworotko Michael J. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe high energy footprint of commodity gas purification and increasing demand for gases require new approaches to gas separation. Kinetic separation of gas mixtures through molecular sieving can enable separation by molecular size or shape exclusion. Physisorbents must exhibit the right pore diameter to enable separation, but the 0.3–0.4 nm range relevant to small gas molecules is hard to control. Herein, dehydration of the ultramicroporous metal–organic framework Ca‐trimesate, Ca(HBTC)⋅H2O (H3BTC=trimesic acid), bnn‐1‐Ca‐H2O, affords a narrow pore variant, Ca(HBTC), bnn‐1‐Ca. Whereas bnn‐1‐Ca‐H2O (pore diameter 0.34 nm) exhibits ultra‐high CO2/N2, CO2/CH4, and C2H2/C2H4 binary selectivity, bnn‐1‐Ca (pore diameter 0.31 nm) offers ideal selectivity for H2/CO2 and H2/N2 under cryogenic conditions. Ca‐trimesate, the first physisorbent to exhibit H2 sieving under cryogenic conditions, could be a prototype for a general approach to exert precise control over pore diameter in physisorbents.
Quantifying morphological adaptations using direct measurements: The carnivoran appendicular skeleton as a case study
Authors: Gálvez‐López Eloy 
Published: May 2020

AbstractHere, I study whether locomotor adaptations can be detected in limb bones using a univariate approach, and whether those results are affected by size and/or shared evolutionary history. Ultimately, it tests whether classical papers on locomotor adaptations should be trusted. To do that, I analyzed the effect of several factors (size, taxonomic group, and locomotor habit) on limb bone morphology using a set of 43 measurements of the scapula, long bones, and calcaneus, of 435 specimens belonging to 143 carnivoran species. Size was the main factor affecting limb morphology. Size‐corrected analyses revealed artifactual differences between various locomotion‐related categories in the analyses of raw data. Additionally, several between‐group differences were new to the size‐corrected analyses, suggesting that they were masked by the size‐effect. Phylogeny had also an important effect, although it only became apparent after removing the effect of size, probably due to the strong covariation of both factors. Regarding locomotor adaptations, locomotor type was used to represent locomotor specialization, and utilized habitat as an indicator of the capacity to adopt different modes of locomotion (running, swimming, climbing, and digging) and thus maximize resource exploitation by being capable of navigating all the substrates in the habitat they use. Locomotor type produced better results than utilized habitat, suggesting that carnivorans use locomotor specialization to minimize locomotion costs. The characteristic limb bone morphology for each locomotor type studied is described, including several adaptations and trends that are novel to the present study. Finally, the results presented here support the hypothesis of a “viverrid‐like”, forest‐dwelling carnivoran ancestor, either arboreal or terrestrial.
Bio‐based adipic acid production: feasibility analysis using a multi‐criteria decision matrix
Authors: Unlu Serpil , Niu Wei , Demirel Yas¸ ar 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe objective of this study was to perform a feasibility analysis to make an informed decision about whether two bio‐based processes can replace the current petroleum‐based adipic acid production process. The first of these processes, which is considered in Case 1, is the conversion of biorefinery lignin residue (BLR) to adipic acid. The process involves the base‐catalyzed depolymerization of lignin to give low molecular weight monomers, and the subsequent microbial conversion of these monomers to cis,cis‐muconic acid by genetically engineered Pseudomonas putida followed by the separation and purification of the muconic acid and catalytic upgrading to adipic acid. The second process, which is considered in Case 2, is the catalytic production of adipic acid from glucose. First, glucose is oxidized to produce glucaric acid, and then glucaric acid is converted to adipic acid by hydrodeoxygenation in an acidic environment and in the presence of a metal catalyst. The results of the bio‐based adipic acid production processes were compared with the base case of the current petroleum‐based commercial adipic acid production from cyclohexane. The feasibility analysis was performed with the aid of the multi‐criteria decision matrix consisting of economic and sustainability metrics. The process design and optimization of all the processes for adipic acid production in Aspen Plus was based on the available experimental data. The glucose‐based process appears to be feasible and outperforms the lignin‐based process, as well as the conventional process of adipic acid production. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
The roles of melatonin on kidney injury in obese and diabetic conditions
Authors: Promsan Sasivimon , Lungkaphin Anusorn 
Published: May 2020

AbstractObesity is a common and complex health problem worldwide and can induce the development of Type 2 diabetes. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a complication occurring as a result of obesity and diabetic conditions that lead to an increased mortality rate. There are several mechanisms and pathways contributing to kidney injury in obese and diabetic conditions. The expansion of adipocytes triggers proinflammatory cytokines release into blood circulation and bind with the receptors at the cell membranes of renal tissues leading to kidney injury. Obesity‐mediated inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and mitochondrial dysfunction are the important causes and progression of CKD. Melatonin (N‐acetyl‐5‐methoxytryptamine) is a neuronal hormone that is synthesized by the pineal gland and plays an essential role in regulating several physiological functions in the human body. Moreover, melatonin has pleiotropic effects such as antioxidant, anti‐inflammation, antiapoptosis. In this review, the relationship between obesity, diabetic condition, and kidney injury and the renoprotective effect of melatonin in obese and diabetic conditions from in vitro and in vivo studies have been summarized and discussed.
Anastomotic techniques for oesophagectomy for malignancy: systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Kamarajah S K , Bundred J R , Singh P , Pasquali S , Griffiths E A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Current evidence on the benefits of different anastomotic techniques (hand-sewn (HS), circular stapled (CS), triangulating stapled (TS) or linear stapled/semimechanical (LSSM) techniques) after oesophagectomy is conflicting. The aim of this study was to evaluate the evidence for the techniques for oesophagogastric anastomosis and their impact on perioperative outcomes.

Methods
This was a systematic review and network meta-analysis. PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases were searched systematically for randomized and non-randomized studies reporting techniques for the oesophagogastric anastomosis. Network meta-analysis of postoperative anastomotic leaks and strictures was performed.

Results
Of 4192 articles screened, 15 randomized and 22 non-randomized studies comprising 8618 patients were included. LSSM (odds ratio (OR) 0·50, 95 per cent c.i. 0·33 to 0·74; P = 0·001) and CS (OR 0·68, 0·48 to 0·95; P = 0·027) anastomoses were associated with lower anastomotic leak rates than HS anastomoses. LSSM anastomoses were associated with lower stricture rates than HS anastomoses (OR 0·32, 0·19 to 0·54; P &lt; 0·001).

Conclusion
LSSM anastomoses after oesophagectomy are superior with regard to anastomotic leak and stricture rates.
Evaluation of Eurocode 2 approaches for thermal conductivity of concrete in case of fire
Authors: Zehfuß Jochen , Robert Fabienne , Spille Jens , Razafinjato Rijaniaina Niry 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe thermal conductivity of concrete is the property most influencing the temperature distribution within structural elements in case of fire. In this paper, the influence of concrete components (aggregates, moisture, cement) on the heat transfer within the concrete matrix is discussed with focus on the thermal conductivity. The current version of Eurocode 2 fire part (EN 1992‐1‐2) provides simplifications due to applicability of design method. One of these simplifications is the assumption of two limit functions (upper and lower curve) to describe the thermal conductivity for elevated temperatures of ordinary concrete. In each country, the value of thermal conductivity may be set by the National annex within the range defined by lower and upper limit. In this paper the impact of the forementioned simplifications is described and a new approach of a single temperature dependent function to describe the thermal conductivity (“mixed‐curve”) is evaluated in contrast with the upper and lower curve of thermal conductivity. The results of 23 international fire tests with elements of ordinary concrete, performed between 2012 and 2017, are compared to numerical results using the three different approaches for thermal conductivity. The results are evaluated by using functional analysis. Further, the model uncertainties of EN 1992‐1‐2 regarding neglecting reinforcement steel and moisture transport are investigated. The results show that the “mixed‐curve”‐approach of thermal conductivity is capable to describe the temperature distribution within concrete structural elements in case of fire. Moreover the influence of reinforcement steel on the temperature distribution can be neglected as well as the influence of moisture transport especially when evaluating the temperatures at the fire‐opposed surface.
Cyanine‐Like Boronic Acid‐Derived Salicylidenehydrazone Complexes (Cy‐BASHY) for Bioimaging Applications
Authors: Santos Fábio M. F. , Domínguez Zoe , Fernandes João P. L. , Parente Carvalho Cátia , Collado Daniel , Pérez‐Inestrosa Ezequiel , Pinto Maria V. , Fernandes Adelaide , Arteaga Jesús F. , Pischel Uwe , Gois Pedro M. P. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBoronic acid‐derived salicylidenehydrazone complex (BASHY) dyes with a polymethine backbone were designed to yield efficient red‐emitting and two‐photon absorbing fluorophores that can be used as markers for astrocytes. The dyes are chemically stable in aqueous solution and do not undergo photodecomposition. Their photophysical properties can be electronically fine‐tuned and thereby adapted to potentially different imaging situations and requirements.
Visible Light‐Gated Organocatalysis Using a RuII‐Photocage
Authors: González‐Delgado José A. , Romero Miguel A. , Boscá Francisco , Arteaga Jesús F. , Pischel Uwe 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe light‐gated organocatalysis via the release of 4‐N,N‐dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) by irradiation of the [Ru(bpy)2(DMAP)2]2+ complex with visible light was investigated. As model reaction the acetylation of benzyl alcohols with acetic anhydride was chosen. The pre‐catalyst releases one DMAP molecule on irradiation at wavelengths longer than 455 nm. The photochemical process was characterized by steady‐state irradiation and ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy. The latter enabled the observation of the 3MLCT state and the spectral features of the penta‐coordinated intermediate [Ru(bpy)2(DMAP)]2+. The released DMAP catalyzes the acetylation of a wide range of benzyl alcohols with chemical yields of up to 99 %. Control experiments revealed unequivocally that it is the released DMAP which takes the role of the catalyst.
The role of chlorine position in the electronic circular dichroism of chlorophenyl‐ethanol investigated by vibronic calculations
Authors: Aranda Daniel , Santoro Fabrizio 
Published: May 2020

Abstract(R)‐1‐phenyl‐ethanol (PhEtOH) and the different isomers of (R)‐1‐(chlorophenyl)ethanol (ClPhEtOH) exhibit very interesting electronic circular dichroism (ECD) in methanol. In all cases, the spectrum shows clear vibronic features, but it is monosignated and negative for PhEtOH and meta‐ClPhEtOH, positive for the ortho isomer and bisignated for the para isomer. We used computational chemistry to rationalise this behaviour adopting CAM‐B3LYP/def2‐TZVP, describing the bulk solvent effects with polarizable continuum models and solute–solvent specific interactions with clusters comprising the solute and two solvent molecules. We adopted harmonic vibronic models to compute the ECD spectral shapes of all stable conformers, and we obtained the room‐temperature spectra by Boltzmann average. Simulated spectra are in very good agreement with experiment and allow us to rationalise their difference in terms of the relevance of Franck–Condon (FC) and Herzberg–Teller (HT) intensity‐borrowing contributions, modulated by the substituent effect. The bisignated shape of the spectrum of para‐ClPhEtOH arises from the competition of opposite‐sign FC and HT bands, promoted by different vibrational modes. Due to the challenges we document in computing its ECD spectrum, para‐ClPhEtOH represents a good test case to help the development of novel methodologies for an improved description of weak vibronic ECD spectra of flexible systems in explicit solvents.
Differences in proteome response to cold acclimation in Zoysia japonica cultivars with different levels of freeze tolerance
Authors: Brown Jessica M. , Yu Xingwang , Holloway H. McCamy P. , DaCosta Michelle , Bernstein Rachael P. , Lu Jefferson , Tuong Tan D. , Patton Aaron J. , Dunne Jeffrey C. , Arellano Consuelo , Livingston David P. , Milla‐Lewis Susana R. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractZoysiagrasses (Zoysia spp.) are warm‐season turfgrasses primarily grown in the southern and transition zones of the United States. An understanding of the physiological and proteomic changes that zoysiagrasses undergo during cold acclimation may shed light on phenotypic traits and proteins useful in selection of freeze‐tolerant genotypes. We investigated the relationship between cold acclimation, protein expression, and freeze tolerance in cold acclimated (CA) and nonacclimated (NA) plants of Zoysia japonica Steud. cultivars Meyer (freeze‐tolerant) and Victoria (freeze‐susceptible). Meristematic tissues from the grass crowns were harvested for proteomic analysis. Freeze testing indicated that cold acclimation accounted for a 1.9‐fold increase in plant survival than nonacclimation treatment. Overall, proteomic analysis identified 62 protein spots differentially accumulated in abundance under cold acclimation. Nine and 22 unique protein spots were identified for Meyer and Victoria, respectively, with increased abundance or decreased abundance. In addition, 23 shared protein spots were found among the two cultivars in response to cold acclimation. Function classification revealed that these proteins were involved primarily in transcription, signal transduction and stress defense, carbohydrate and energy metabolism, and protein and amino acid metabolism. Several proteins of interest for their association with cold acclimation were identified. Further investigation of these proteins and their functional categories may contribute to increase our understanding of the differences in freezing tolerance among zoysiagrass germplasm.
Historical human activities reshape evolutionary trajectories across both native and introduced ranges
Authors: Einfeldt Anthony L. , Jesson Linley K. , Addison Jason A. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe same vectors that introduce species to new ranges could move them among native populations, but how human‐mediated dispersal impacts native ranges has been difficult to address because human‐mediated dispersal and natural dispersal can simultaneously shape patterns of gene flow. Here, we disentangle human‐mediated dispersal from natural dispersal by exploiting a system where the primary vector was once extensive but has since ceased. From 10th to 19th Centuries, ships in the North Atlantic exchanged sediments dredged from the intertidal for ballast, which ended when seawater ballast tanks were adopted. We investigate genetic patterns from RADseq‐derived SNPs in the amphipod Corophium volutator (n = 121; 4,870 SNPs) and the annelid Hediste diversicolor (n = 78; 3,820 SNPs), which were introduced from Europe to North America, have limited natural dispersal capabilities, are abundant in intertidal sediments, but not commonly found in modern water ballast tanks. We detect similar levels of genetic subdivision among introduced North American populations and among native European populations. Phylogenetic networks and clustering analyses reveal population structure between sites, a high degree of phylogenetic reticulation within ranges, and phylogenetic splits between European and North American populations. These patterns are inconsistent with phylogeographic structure expected to arise from natural dispersal alone, suggesting human activity eroded ancestral phylogeographic structure between native populations, but was insufficient to overcome divergent processes between naturalized populations and their sources. Our results suggest human activity may alter species' evolutionary trajectories on a broad geographic scale via regional homogenization and global diversification, in some cases precluding historical inference from genetic data.