bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance Analysis of Fuzzy Multilayer Support Vector Machine for Epileptic Seizure Disorder Classification using Auto Regression Features
Authors: Rajendran T. , Sridhar K.P. , Deepa S. 
Published: December 2019

Background:Around 1% of the total population in the world suffers from epilepsy, a central nervous system disorder. Epilepsy is the neurological disorder of the human brain which can affect people of all ages. Classification techniques and Signal processing are basic methods in the advancement of an algorithm for seizure detection. The primary procedures of a typical biomedical evaluation and processing framework are data acquisition, feature extraction, preprocessing, and classification. Based on this, seizure detection is performed by using the following two methods.Methods:This paper proposes a technique for the classification of EEG signals to detect the epileptic seizures by using Cascade Forward Backpropagation Neural Network (CFBNN) and Fuzzy Multilayer Support Vector Machine (FMSVM) methods.Results:Finally, the results of developed classifiers are identified with seizure disorder activities. This research concentrated on Parametric Features such as AR (Autoregressive) Burg, AR YuleWalker, AR Covariance, AR Modified Covariance, and Levinson Durbin Recursion. Linear Prediction Coefficient was analyzed with the EEG dataset gathered from Karunya University. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were calculated for the proposed classifiers.Conclusion:The results of the proposed classifiers were computed with minimum and maximum accuracy and these results were compared with the previous results of the classifiers like FFNN, and PNN as shown in the tables. Based on the obtained outputs and calculated parametric functions, the results validated that the FMSVM classifier performed better in the detection of epileptic seizure disorder in terms of accuracy, sensitivity and specificity.
Non-invasive Estimation of Haemoglobin Level Using PCA and Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Lakshmi M. , Manimegalai P. 
Published: December 2019

Objective:
Haemoglobin(Hb) measurement is generally performed by the traditional “fingerstick” test i.e., by invasively drawing blood from the body. Although the conventional laboratory measurement is accurate, it has its own limitations such as time delay, inconvenience of the patient, exposure to biohazards and the lack of real-time monitoring in critical situations. Non-invasive Haemoglobin Measurement (SpHb) has gained enormous attention among researches and can provide an earlier diagnosis to polycythemia, anaemia, various cardiovascular diseases, etc. Currently, Photoplethysmograph signal (PPG) is used for measuring oxygen saturation, to monitor the depth of anesthesia, heart rate and respiration monitoring. But through detailed statistical analysis, PPG signal can provide further information about various blood components.

Investigation / Methodology:
In this paper, an approach for non-invasive measurement of Hb using PPG, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Neural Network is proposed. A transmissive type PPG sensor is developed which is interfaced with Crowduino for the acquisition of PPG. From the obtained PPG signal, Principal Components (PC) are extracted. SpHb is predicted followed by the extraction of features from the PC. The analysis involves the SpHb prediction using a single PC, double PC and finally all the three PC. The predicted SpHb is evaluated with Hblab in terms of R-value, Mean Absolute Error, Mean Squared Error and Root Mean Squared Error.

Conclusion:
An approach for non-invasive measurement of Hb using Principal Components obtained from the PPG signal is discussed. The SpHb value is compared with the Hblab values. Correlation R-value between SpHb and Hblab is 0.77 when three principal components are used. Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Mean Squared Error (MSE), Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) between SpHb and Hblab are 0.3, 0.44 and 0.6633 respectively when SpHb is measured with three principal components. It is evident from the result analysis that SpHb shows the promising result when all the three principal components are used. However, one of the limitations of the work is that the population setting chosen for the work does not include paediatric patients, accurately ill patient, pregnant population and surgical patients. With detailed analysis on a wide range of population setting, Hb prediction using PPG is a promising approach for non-invasive measurement.
Comparison of Traditional Citation Metrics and Altmetrics Among Dermatology Journals: Content and Correlational Analysis Study
Authors: Murray Gregg , Hellen Rebecca , Ralph James , Ni Raghallaigh Siona 
Published: December 2019

Background
Research impact has traditionally been measured using citation count and impact factor (IF). Academics have long relied heavily on this form of metric system to measure a publication’s impact. A higher number of citations is viewed as an indicator of the importance of the research and a marker for the impact of the publishing journal. Recently, social media and online news sources have become important avenues for dissemination of research, resulting in the emergence of an alternative metric system known as altmetrics.

Objective
We assessed the correlation between altmetric attention score (AAS) and traditional scientific impact markers, namely journal IF and article citation count, for all the dermatology journal and published articles of 2017.

Methods
We identified dermatology journals and their associated IFs available in 2017 using InCites Journal Citation Reports. We entered all 64 official dermatology journals into Altmetric Explorer, a Web-based platform that enables users to browse and report on all attention data for every piece of scholarly content for which Altmetric Explorer has found attention.

Results
For the 64 dermatology journals, there was a moderate positive correlation between journal IF and journal AAS (rs=.513, P<.001). In 2017, 6323 articles were published in the 64 dermatology journals. Our data show that there was a weak positive correlation between the traditional article citation count and AAS (rs=.257, P<.001).

Conclusions
Our data show a weak correlation between article citation count and AAS. Temporal factors may explain this weak association. Newer articles may receive increased online attention after publication, while it may take longer for scientific citation counts to accumulate. Stories that are at times deemed newsworthy and then disseminated across the media and social media platforms border on sensationalism and may not be truly academic in nature. The opposite can also be true.
Modern Contraceptive Use and Associated Factors among Reproductive Age Group Women in three Peri-Urban Communities in Central Ethiopia
Authors: Abiye Alfoalem Araba , Fekede Bethel , Jemberie Ayenew Mulualem , Molla Bereket Abraha , Tolla Beruk Ketema , Tefera Bethlelem Sisay , Barkiligne Bezawit Melaku , Dirbaba Bikiltu Dugassa , Olana Biruhtesfa Dechasa , Tesfa Biruk Worku , Kemal Hassen Sied , Deresse Assefa Seme 
Published: December 2019

Introduction: - Amongst the family planning program is the use of modern contraception. It is one of the key fundamentals of health services whose benefits are wellbeing’s of mothers, husbands, families, and their country in general. According to the world fertility rate report 2015, Ethiopia is expected to achieve a TFR of 2.4 children per woman between the years 2025-2030.
Objective: - the principal objective of the current study was to determine the prevalence of modern contraception use and factors that affect utilization.
Methods: - a quantitative community based cross-sectional study was done in three peri-urban communities of Batu, Eastern Shewa zone of Oromia region of Ethiopia from October to November 2017. A total of 351 women in the reproductive age group were interviewed with a questionnaire in the form of a house-to-house survey. Statistical analysis was done using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) software version 21.0.
Results: - the study showed that the contraception prevalence was 37.9%. Forty-seven percent of the users were in the age group 21-29. Knowledge, formal education and religion were associated with contraception utilization. It was found that knowledge and formal education were the enhancing factors for utilization whereas the Muslim religion was an inhibiting factor for modern contraceptive use.
Conclusion: - the contraceptive prevalence was higher than the national result for the rural community but lower than the urban community was. Both governmental and non-governmental organizations should continue the good work of building community awareness of modern contraceptive methods.
Keywords: - Contraceptives, knowledge, attitude, practice, Batu
Sonochemistry: Non-Classical Way of Synthesis
Authors: Prajapati Pintu , Sheth Avani , Patel Dhaval M , Patel Advaita , Mehta Priti 
Published: December 2019

This review presents the detailed picture of current knowledge on ultrasound assisted chemical reactions and its green approach in chemical synthesis. This article illustrates the theoretical background and details about ultrasound, its mechanism (cavitation, the driving force) in chemical synthesis, types of reactions with different systems and its utility. All the reported applications have shown that Sonochemistry, ultrasound assisted chemical reaction is a green and economical viable approach for drug, impurity or chemical intermediate synthesis.
Keywords: Cavitation, Sonocatalysis, Sonochemistry Ultrasound
A Pharmacovigilance Study on Causality and Severity Assessment of Adverse Drug Reactions in a Teaching Hospital
Authors: Kishore Babu A. V. , Srinivasa Rao A. 
Published: December 2019

Objectives: The main purpose of the study is to assess the causality, severity, preventability of ADRs and factors associated with ADRs in chronic disease patients of tertiary care teaching hospital.
Study setting and Design: A Prospective observational longitudinal study was conducted in a tertiary care teaching hospital at Hyderabad, India, for 3 years.
Materials and Methods: Patients of age group > 18 years were included in the study. All the patients were distributed according to their gender, age, number medications used, disease condition, and socioeconomic state. The reported ADRs were analyzed by WHO-UMC causality, Hartwig’s Siegel’s scale and modified Shumock and Thornton criteria respectively. Statistical analysis used: Descriptive statistical analysis was used.
Results: A total of 691 patients enrolled in the study, in that 391 patients reported with 510 ADRs. Of these 37.0% are in-patients and 62.9% are out-patients. Majority of the patients are female category (58.0%) and 45.8% of ADRs reported from adults (41-60 years). 65.8% patients are non-adherent to medication. Life style habits, economic status and education are found to be predictors for ADRs. WHO-UMC scale showed 42.9% of ADRs probable. Hartwig’s and Siegel’s severity scales shown 13.1 % ADRs are severe followed by 33.7% moderate ADRs and 40% of ADRs were preventable.
Conclusion: Hence our study advises that there is a need of improvement in ADR reporting from health care professionals. This study also suggests further research in India for the improvement of possible intervention strategies to reduce burden and cost of ADR.
Keywords: Prospective, ADR reporting, WHO-UMC, Hartwig’s Siegel’s scale, Shumock and Thornton.
Instrumental Characterization and Antibacterial Investigation of Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized From Garcinia Kola Leaf
Authors: AKINTELU Sunday Adewale , FOLORUNSO Aderonke Similoluwa , ADEMOSUN Olabisi Theresa 
Published: December 2019

The need to devise another method of synthesizing nanoparticles from sources that are eco-friendly, non-hazardous and cost effectiveness is of great importance in preventing environmental and health problems. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of Garcinia kola leaves as reducing and stabilizing agent for silver nanoparticles synthesis. The leaves of Garcinia kola obtained were authenticated, air dried, pulverized and extracted. The extract was mixed with aqueous solution of silver nitrate solution to form silver nanoparticles and were characterized using Ultra violet (UV) spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The antibacterial investigation of the synthesized silver nanoparticle was carried out following the disk diffusion method. UV analysis revealed the silver surface plasmon band at 425.18 nm, The FTIR indicated -OH, -C=C- and alkane as the functional groups responsible for the stabilization of the silver nanoparticle formed. The morphological assessment from SEM and TEM analysis confirmed that the silver nanoparticle formed are spherical in shape with an average particle size of 28.80nm.The EDX analysis ascertained that the silver surface plasmon resonance at 2.8–3.2 keV was confirmed the reduction of silver ion (Ag+ to Ag0). The XRD study revealed the crystalline nature of the nanoparticles synthesized. The antibacterial investigation showed high inhibition against the growth of tested bacteria. This study ascertained that the green synthesis of silver nanoparticle without the use of harmful solvent that are offensive to the environment is achievable.
Keywords: Silver nanoparticles, Biosynthesis, Characterization, Antibacterial activity and Garcinia kola.
The effect of Bombyx mori larvae extract in reducing the toxicity of methotrexate in pregnant female albino rats
Authors: Ibrahim Nehad M. , Sayed Samar , Ali Rania S. , Ashour Osama H. , Ebtehal Mohammad Fikry 
Published: December 2019

Methotrexate (MTX) is an anticancer agent which is used alone or in combination with other anticancer agents in the treatment of breast cancer, epidermoid cancers of the head and neck, cutaneous T cell lymphoma, and lung cancer. Bombyx mori larvae have a huge value as health food especially for cardiac and diabetic patients, bronchial asthma, primary trigeminal neuralgia, vocal nodules and polyps and in the treatment of facial palsy and pain. In the present study meeting occurred under the normal conditions and about 40 pregnant female rats were used. Herein the pregnant females will be divided into five groups; group 1 will be used as negative control received distilled water, group 2 will used as positive control and recived buffer of Bombyx mori larvae extract, group 3 was treated with MTX at the 12th day of gestation (at organogenesis phase), group 4 was treated with Bombyx mori larvae extract at 7th , 9th , 11th ,13th and 15th days of gestation (during the oraganogensis period), & group 5 was injected by MTX the 12th day of gestation as well as bombyx mori larvae extract at 7th ,9th ,11th ,13th &15th days of gestation. Animals of all groups will be sacrificed at 20th day, the end of gestation periods. Then livers of all pregnant rats were removed for examination. The obtained results showed decrease in maternal body weight gain plus increase in the abortion rate and uterine weight in the MTX-treated group. In addition, MTX induced an elevation in the examined liver oxidative stress biomarkers plus myeloperoxidase activity and decrease in reduced glutathione content and catalase activity; in mothers. Histopathological studies of liver tissues showed congestion of central vein of mothers in MTX group showing ballooning degeneration of hepatocytes, perivascular inflammatory cells infiltration and strong deposition of collagen fibers. Noteworthy, Bombyx mori larvae induced marked improvement in injuries associated with MTX administration.
Keywords: Methotrexate, Bombyx mori larvae, Pregnant female rats, Hepatotoxicity.
Review on “Standardization an Imp Tool for Herbal Drug Development”
Authors: Rathod Rucha , Chandak Raman R. 
Published: December 2019

The medicinal plants are important source for pharmaceutical manufacturing. Medicinal plants & herbal medicines account for a significant percentage of the pharmaceutical market. There is increasing awareness and general acceptability of the use of herbal drugs in today’s medical practice although most of these applications are not scientific. Herbal medicines are not a simple task since many factors influence the biological efficacy and Reproducible therapeutic effect. So it is necessary to improve safety of herbal drugs by developing certain quality control parameters & by following the WHO guidelines for herbal medicines. This review seeks to enlighten the need to establish quality parameters for collection, handling, processing and production of herbal medicine as well as employ such parameters in ensuring the safety of the global herbal market. It is necessary to introduce measures on the regulation of herbal medicines to ensure quality, safety, efficacy of herbal medicines by using modern suitable standards & GMP. The processes of good quality assurance and standardization of herbal medicines and products using various spectroscopic, chromatographic and electrophoretic methods were also discussed. In fact, the research field of quality control of herbal medicines is really an interdisciplinary research. It needs crossover of chemistry, pharmacology, medicine and even statistics to provide a platform for the quality control of traditional herbal medicines and further to discover the novel therapeutics composed of multiple chemical compounds.
Keywords: Herbal drugs, Adulteration, Standardization, Chromatography, Electrophoresis, HP-LC and GC-MS.
Electronic Discovery (eDiscovery): Performing the Early Stages of the Enron Investigation
Authors: Negangard Eric M. , Fay Rebecca G. 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT
A good investigator, whether it be in the context of an audit or a forensic investigation, recognizes the evidentiary value of digital evidence and can harness its power. The following instructional case introduces students to how digital evidence is incorporated into a forensic accounting investigation and challenges them to learn electronic discovery (eDiscovery) tools and techniques. While performing the early stages of the investigation at Enron, students gain exposure to the electronic discovery reference model (EDRM), learn the differences between structured and unstructured data, and deploy various digital search strategies. After performing their preliminary investigation, students are asked to “scope” the remainder of the investigation by creating a detailed workplan. At the conclusion of the case, students are encouraged to reflect upon their own methods of electronic communication. This encourages students to think before digitizing (and therefore memorializing) their next thought, statement, or action.
Pengembangan Tes Diagnostik Pilihan Objektif Tiga Tingkat Guna Mendeteksi Miskonsepsi Ciri-Ciri Sosiologi
Authors: Mardiani Mardiani , Sylvia Ike 
Published: December 2019

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi dari banyaknya nilai UTS siswa yang masih berada di bawah KKM yaitu 70 terlebih pada soal-soal ciri-ciri sosiologi. Pengembangan tes diagnostik pilihan ganda tiga tingkat ini bertujuan untuk megidentifikasi miskonsepsi yang dialami oleh siswa dengan jumlah soal 20 butir. Hal ini dianalisis dengan teori tes modern/ item response theory, artinya respon subjek terhadap suatu item menunjukkan kemampuan kognitifnya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa metode pengembangan Research and Development. Model pengembangan yang digunakan adalah model yang dikemukakan oleh Tessmer (formatif evaluation). Teknik pengumpulan datanya berupa tes dan angket. Dari angket respon (efektivitas) siswa, diketahui bahwa tes diagnostik pilihan ganda tiga tingkat efektif untuk digunakan, dan dari data tes soal diketahui tingkat pemahaman siswa, persentase mengerti konsep 44,9%, dan miskonsepsi 45,25% serta tidak mengerti konsep 11,6%. CVI dari soal yang dikembangkan menunjukkan hasil 0,90 dengan kategori sangat sesuai, dan reliabilitasnya 0,457 dengan kategori cukup
Penerapan Model TGT dengan Variasi LKPD Berbasis Kontekstual Untuk Meningkatkan Minat Belajar Sosiologi Siswa Kelas XI IPS 1 SMAN 1 2x11 Enam Lingkung Padang Pariaman
Authors: Sri Mayani Diana , Junaidi Junaidi 
Published: December 2019

Penelitian ini yang melatarbelakanginya adalah kurangnya minat belajar sosiologi peserta didik kelas XI IPS 1 SMAN 1 2x11 Enam Lingkung. Berdasarkan kasus tersebut solusi yang cocok untuk peningkatan minat belajar sosiologi peserta didik yaitu dengan menggunakan penerapan model yang cocok dengan peningkatan minat adalah menggunakan model pembelajaran TGT dengan variasi LKPD berbasis kontekstual. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendiskripsikan penerapan model pembelajaran TGT dengan variasi LKPD berbasis kontekstual untuk meningkatkan minat belajar sosiologi siswa kelas XI IPS 1 SMAN 1 2x11 Enam Lingkung. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilaksanakan dengan dua siklus. Setiap siklus dilakukan dengan dua kali petemuan. Setiap siklus terdiri dari 4 tahap kegiatan yaitu perencanaan, tindakan, pengamatan dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas XI IPS 1 SMAN 1 2x11 Enam Lingkung dengan jumlah 30 orang. Pada kasus ini penulis menetapkan kategoti yang ingin di capai pada minat belajar sosiologi siswa pada skor presentase tinggi yaitu 76%-100%. Hasil yang didapat memperlihatkan bahwa penerapan model TGT dengan variasi LKPD berbasis kontekstual untuk meningkatkan minat belajar sosiologi siswa kelas XI IPS 1 SMAN 1 2x11 Enam Lingkung tahun ajaran 2019/2020 yang dibuktikan dengan adanya peningkatan persentase skor observasi minat belajar sosologi dari sebelum penerapan model pembelajaran TGT dengan variasi LKPD berbasis kontekstual skor presentasenya 29%, setelah diterapkan model TGT pada siklus pertama skor nilai rata-rata mengalami peningkatan dengan skor 39% ke 68%. Peningkatan tersebut terjadi pada siklus I menuju siklus II yaitu sebesar 12 % sehingga didapat skor 80%.
Responses of the mangrove ecosystem to Holocene environmental change in the Sundarban Biosphere Reserve, India
Authors: Hait Arghya Kumar , Behling Hermann 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The Sundarban Mangrove Forest in the Sundarban Biosphere Reserve, located at the mouth of the Ganga–Brahmaputra Delta in India, is the most diverse mangrove ecosystem in the world. Sediment cores were taken from two widely separated islands in that reserve: Chamta (CMT) and Sudhyanyakhali (SDK). Pollen analysis and radiocarbon dating were used to study the Holocene development and dynamics of this unique ecosystem. Modern pollen rain study reveals a strong relation between modern pollen rain and the present vegetation, as well as a high rate of Phoenix palludosa pollen production.The pollen records indicate that man-grove existed at CMT from ~5960 and at SDK from ~1520 cal yr BP. Changes in relative sea level, including the frequency and intensity of inundation as well as fluctuating precipitation, have been the major factors along with geomorphic processes that control the development and dynamics of the mangrove in the area during the Holocene. The mid Holocene mangrove at CMT declined, to be progressively replaced by successive communities, and eventually reached climax stage, while the SDK site is transitional in nature. The mangrove responds rapidly to changes in environmental conditions at both locations. Because of large-scale anthropogenic interventions, it is unlikely that similar rapid responses will occur in the future.