bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH JET LAG DAN CARA MENGATASI TINJAUAN FISIOLOGI
Authors: Prabowo Tri 
Published: June 2020

Suatu pertandingan tingkat dunia kadang tidak dilaksanakan di negeri sendiri. Jarak yang jauh diharuskan ditempuh dalain waktu singkat. Untuk tujuan tersebut pilihan yang tepat adalah dengan transportasi udara dengan pesawat. Sehingga atlet, ofisial dan pelatih akan menempuh perjalanan singkat melewati beberapa zona waktu. Akibat peristiwa tersebut penumpang pesawat sering mengalami gangguan setelah tiba di negara tujuan. Beberapa gejala yang muncul pada keadaan ini antara lain kesulitan tidur, kelemahan dan hilangnya nafsu makan. Kondisi tersebut dikenal dengan istilah jet lag. la dapat mengganggu penampilan atlet pada pertandingan yang akan diikuti, sehingga harus secepatnya dipulihkan.Secara fisiologis tubuh manusia telah memiliki ritme sirkadian tertentu yang telah diatur secara sentral. Kondisi tubuh manusia pada saat istirahat baik temperatur badan, tekanan darah, denyat jantung, fungsi saluran cerna dan saluran kencing memiliki irama sirkadian tertentu. Jam biologis di dalam tubuh manusia senantiasa berputar seiring kegiatan rutin yang dikerjakan. Irama tersebut berjalan kontinu dan akan berubah dengan adanya perubahan pola kegiatan dan pengaruh dan luar. Adanya perubahan akibat perjalanan singkat trans meridian akan mengacaukan ritme biologis tersebut.Penelitian yang telah ada melibatkan beberapa subjek baik dari kalangan atlet maupun nonatlet. Beberapa aspek berperan dalam proses adaptasi, berat ringannya gejala dan kecepatan pemulihan. Arah perjalanan menuju negara tujuan, musim dan usia menjadi aspek penentu juga terhadap timbulnya jet lag. Untuk mcngatasi jet lag ini dibutuhkan beberapa hal mulai dari preadaptasi, pemilihan menu makanan, fototerapi dan pemberian obat-obatan. Walaupun begitu, motivasi atlet juga berperan untuk meringankan gejala dan kecepatan adaptasi.Kata kunci : jet lag, sirkadian, atlet
MANFAAT OLAH RAGA BAGI WANITA HAMIL
Authors: Suharjana Suharjana 
Published: June 2020

Sebagian besar anggota masyarakat masih mengalami kebingungan atau keraguan akan perlunya wanita hamil berolahrga. Olahraga tidak berbahaya bagi ibu maupun calon anak. Selama tidak ada larangan tidak diperbolehkan berolahraga dari ahli kandungan atau dokter, berarti kondisi ibu, dan calon anak yang dikandungnya dalam keadaan normal, yang berarti seorang ibu yang sedang hamil ridak perlu ragu-ragu untuk berolahraga.Setiap orang akan mempunyai pengalaman dan memberikan reaksi yang berbeda terhadap kehamilan yang mereka alami. Pengalaman dan reaksi wanita hamil dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, yakni kepribadian, status gizi, pola hidup, hubungannya dengan orang tua dan keluarganya serta sikapnya terhadap kemungkinan hadirnya seorang anak. Kehamilan adalah suatu fase krisis maturasi, yang konsekuensinya tidak mungkin untuk dihindari. Usaha yang dapat dilakukan hanyalah mengurangi derita yang akan dialami.Salah satu cara yang dapat ditempuh guna mengurangi derita kehamilan dan persalinan adalah dengan melakukan olahraga atau latihan. Sebelum melakukan dan menentukan macam latihan, sebaiknya didahului dengan konsultasi pada dokter atau ahli fisiologi. Di dalam melakukan latilian, wanita hamil harus secara cermat membaca sinyal-sinyal yang diberikan oleh tubuhnya. Jika sekiranya latihan tersebut membuatnya kelelahan, maka intensitas atau durasinya perlu diturunkan. Jika ternyata gerakan-gerakan dalam latihan tersebut terlalu sulit untuk dilakukan, maka dapat diganti dengan latihan yang lain, yang lebih sederhana. Ada beberapa macam olahraga yang dapat dipilih, yakni jogging, jalan cepat, senam atau renang terutama gaya dada.Kata Kunci: wanita hamil, perubahan fisik
PENGATURAN TEKANAN DARAH JANGKAPENDEK, JANGKA MENENGAH,DAN JANGKA PANJANG
Authors: Novita Indra Eka 
Published: June 2020

Tekanan darah merupakan salah satu dari tanda vital penting selaindenyut nadi, frekuensi nafas dan suhu mbuh. Tekanan darah dalam kehidupanseseorang bervariasi sccara alami.Tekanan darah dipengaruhi oleh aktivitas fisik, akan lebih tinggi padasaat mclakukan aktivitas dan lebih rendah ketika beristirahat. Tanda vitalini mencerminkan aspek dasar kcsehatan seseorang, bahkan juga kemampuanseseorang untuk bertahan hidup. Tekanan darah dan den)ait nadiseringkali dijadikan acuan sebagai tolok ukur untuk menentukan takaranlatihan, khususnya latihan yang sifatnya melatih sistem kardiorespirasi ataulatihan aerobik.Mekanisme pengaturan tekanan darah dalam tubuh manusia diklasifikasikanmenjadi tiga, yaitu mekanisme pengaturan tekanan darah jangkapendek, jangka menengah, dan jangka panjang. Pengaturan tekanan darahjangka pendek melibatkan refleks neuronal susunan saraf pusat dan regulasicurah jantung, mekanisme ini bertujuan untuk mempertahankan mean arterialbloodpressure yang optimal dalam waktu singkat. Pengaturan tekanan darahjangka menengah dan jangka panjang mengatur homeostasis sirkulasi melaluisistem humoral endokrin dan parakrin vasoaktif yang melibatkan ginjalsebagai organ pengatur utama distribusi catran ekstraseluler. Kata Kunci: Kebugaran, Tekanan Darah.
PEMANFAATAN WAKTU LUANG MAHASISWA PROGRAM STUDl ILMU KEOLAHRAGAAN FAKULTAS ILMU KEOLAHRAGAAN UNIVERSITAS NEGERI YOGYAKARTA
Authors: , Fajar Setyawan Dapan 
Published: June 2020

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan untuk mengetahui pemanfaatan waktu luang mahasiswa Program Studi Ilmu Keolahragaan FIK UNY.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan menggunakan angket. Populasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa Program Studi Ilmu Keolahragaan FIK UNY angkatan 2004, 2005, 2006, dan 2007, yang masih terdaftar sebagai mahasiswa dan belum mengajukan Tugas Akhir Skripsi. Jumlah populasi sebanyak 103 orang mahasiswa. Penentuan jumlah sampel menggunakan Nomogram Harry King, dengan tingkat kesalahan 0,08, maka diperoleh jumlah sampel sebanyak 60 orang mahasiswa, yang diambil secara random. Pengujian Validitas menggunakan product moment dan pengujian Reliabilitas dalam penelitian ini menggunakan rumus alpha cronhach. Untuk menganalis data yang terkumpul, digunakan analisis statistik deskriptif dengan persentase.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 60 mahasiswa, 1 orang (1,7 %) dalam kategori sangat baik, 6 orang (10 %) dalam kategori baik, 26 orang (43,3 %), dalam kategori cukup, 23 orang (38,3 %), dalam kategori kurang, dan 4 orang (6,7 %) dalam kategori sangat kurang. Dari perhitungan rerata dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemanfaatan waktu luang mahasiswa dalam kategori cukup.Kata Kunci: waktu luang, mahasiswa
One Drop App With an Activity Tracker for Adults With Type 1 Diabetes: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Osborn Chandra Y , Hirsch Ashley , Sears Lindsay E , Heyman Mark , Raymond Jennifer , Huddleston Brian , Dachis Jeff 
Published: June 2020

Background
In 2017, mobile app support for managing diabetes was available to 64% of the global population of adults with diabetes. One Drop’s digital therapeutics solution includes an evidence-based mobile app with global reach, a Bluetooth-connected glucometer, and in-app coaching from Certified Diabetes Educators. Among people with type 1 diabetes and an estimated hemoglobin A1c level≥7.5%, using One Drop for 3 months has been associated with an improved estimated hemoglobin A1c level of 22.2 mg/dL (–0.80%). However, the added value of integrated activity trackers is unknown.

Objective
We conducted a pragmatic, remotely administered randomized controlled trial to evaluate One Drop with a new-to-market activity tracker against One Drop only on the 3-month hemoglobin A1c level of adults with type 1 diabetes.

Methods
Social media advertisements and online newsletters were used to recruit adults (≥18 years old) diagnosed (≥1 year) with T1D, naïve to One Drop’s full solution and the activity tracker, with a laboratory hemoglobin A1c level≥7%. Participants (N=99) were randomized to receive One Drop and the activity tracker or One Drop only at the start of the study. The One Drop only group received the activity tracker at the end of the study. Multiple imputation, performed separately by group, was used to correct for missing data. Analysis of covariance models, controlling for baseline hemoglobin A1c, were used to evaluate 3-month hemoglobin A1c differences in intent-to-treat (ITT) and per protocol (PP) analyses.

Results
The enrolled sample (N=95) had a mean age of 41 (SD 11) years, was 73% female, 88% White, diagnosed for a mean of 20 (SD 11) years, and had a mean hemoglobin A1c level of 8.4% (SD 1.2%); 11% of the participants did not complete follow up. Analysis of covariance assumptions were met for the ITT and PP models. In ITT analysis, participants in the One Drop and activity tracker condition had a significantly lower 3-month hemoglobin A1c level (mean 7.9%, SD 0.60%, 95% CI 7.8-8.2) than that of the participants in the One Drop only condition (mean 8.4%, SD 0.62%, 95% CI 8.2-8.5). In PP analysis, participants in the One Drop and activity tracker condition also had a significantly lower 3-month hemoglobin A1c level (mean 7.9%, SD 0.59%, 95% CI 7.7-8.1) than that of participants in the One Drop only condition (mean 8.2%, SD 0.58%, 95% CI 8.0-8.4).

Conclusions
Participants exposed to One Drop and the activity tracker for the 3-month study period had a significantly lower 3-month hemoglobin A1c level compared to that of participants exposed to One Drop only during the same timeframe. One Drop and a tracker may work better together than alone in helping people with type 1 diabetes.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03459573; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03459573.
A Novel Smartphone App for the Measurement of Ultra–Short-Term and Short-Term Heart Rate Variability: Validity and Reliability Study
Authors: Chen Yung-Sheng , Lu Wan-An , Pagaduan Jeffrey C , Kuo Cheng-Deng 
Published: June 2020

Background
Smartphone apps for heart rate variability (HRV) measurement have been extensively developed in the last decade. However, ultra–short-term HRV recordings taken by wearable devices have not been examined.

Objective
The aims of this study were the following: (1) to compare the validity and reliability of ultra–short-term and short-term HRV time-domain and frequency-domain variables in a novel smartphone app, Pulse Express Pro (PEP), and (2) to determine the agreement of HRV assessments between an electrocardiogram (ECG) and PEP.

Methods
In total, 60 healthy adults were recruited to participate in this study (mean age 22.3 years [SD 3.0 years], mean height 168.4 cm [SD 8.0 cm], mean body weight 64.2 kg [SD 11.5 kg]). A 5-minute resting HRV measurement was recorded via ECG and PEP in a sitting position. Standard deviation of normal R-R interval (SDNN), root mean square of successive R-R interval (RMSSD), proportion of NN50 divided by the total number of RR intervals (pNN50), normalized very-low–frequency power (nVLF), normalized low-frequency power (nLF), and normalized high-frequency power (nHF) were analyzed within 9 time segments of HRV recordings: 0-1 minute, 1-2 minutes, 2-3 minutes, 3-4 minutes, 4-5 minutes, 0-2 minutes, 0-3 minutes, 0-4 minutes, and 0-5 minutes (standard). Standardized differences (ES), intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), and the Spearman product-moment correlation were used to compare the validity and reliability of each time segment to the standard measurement (0-5 minutes). Limits of agreement were assessed by using Bland-Altman plot analysis.

Results
Compared to standard measures in both ECG and PEP, pNN50, SDNN, and RMSSD variables showed trivial ES (<0.2) and very large to nearly perfect ICC and Spearman correlation coefficient values in all time segments (>0.8). The nVLF, nLF, and nHF demonstrated a variation of ES (from trivial to small effects, 0.01-0.40), ICC (from moderate to nearly perfect, 0.39-0.96), and Spearman correlation coefficient values (from moderate to nearly perfect, 0.40-0.96). Furthermore, the Bland-Altman plots showed relatively narrow values of mean difference between the ECG and PEP after consecutive 1-minute recordings for SDNN, RMSSD, and pNN50. Acceptable limits of agreement were found after consecutive 3-minute recordings for nLF and nHF.

Conclusions
Using the PEP app to facilitate a 1-minute ultra–short-term recording is suggested for time-domain HRV indices (SDNN, RMSSD, and pNN50) to interpret autonomic functions during stabilization. When using frequency-domain HRV indices (nLF and nHF) via the PEP app, a recording of at least 3 minutes is needed for accurate measurement.
Text Processing for Detection of Fungal Ocular Involvement in Critical Care Patients: Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Baxter Sally L , Klie Adam R , Radha Saseendrakumar Bharanidharan , Ye Gordon Y , Hogarth Michael 
Published: June 2020

Background
Fungal ocular involvement can develop in patients with fungal bloodstream infections and can be vision-threatening. Ocular involvement has become less common in the current era of improved antifungal therapies. Retrospectively determining the prevalence of fungal ocular involvement is important for informing clinical guidelines, such as the need for routine ophthalmologic consultations. However, manual retrospective record review to detect cases is time-consuming.

Objective
This study aimed to determine the prevalence of fungal ocular involvement in a critical care database using both structured and unstructured electronic health record (EHR) data.

Methods
We queried microbiology data from 46,467 critical care patients over 12 years (2000-2012) from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III (MIMIC-III) to identify 265 patients with culture-proven fungemia. For each fungemic patient, demographic data, fungal species present in blood culture, and risk factors for fungemia (eg, presence of indwelling catheters, recent major surgery, diabetes, immunosuppressed status) were ascertained. All structured diagnosis codes and free-text narrative notes associated with each patient’s hospitalization were also extracted. Screening for fungal endophthalmitis was performed using two approaches: (1) by querying a wide array of eye- and vision-related diagnosis codes, and (2) by utilizing a custom regular expression pipeline to identify and collate relevant text matches pertaining to fungal ocular involvement. Both approaches were validated using manual record review. The main outcome measure was the documentation of any fungal ocular involvement.

Results
In total, 265 patients had culture-proven fungemia, with Candida albicans (n=114, 43%) and Candida glabrata (n=74, 28%) being the most common fungal species in blood culture. The in-hospital mortality rate was 121 (46%). In total, 7 patients were identified as having eye- or vision-related diagnosis codes, none of whom had fungal endophthalmitis based on record review. There were 26,830 free-text narrative notes associated with these 265 patients. A regular expression pipeline based on relevant terms yielded possible matches in 683 notes from 108 patients. Subsequent manual record review again demonstrated that no patients had fungal ocular involvement. Therefore, the prevalence of fungal ocular involvement in this cohort was 0%.

Conclusions
MIMIC-III contained no cases of ocular involvement among fungemic patients, consistent with prior studies reporting low rates of ocular involvement in fungemia. This study demonstrates an application of natural language processing to expedite the review of narrative notes. This approach is highly relevant for ophthalmology, where diagnoses are often based on physical examination findings that are documented within clinical notes.
Peptic Ulcers and their Complications
Authors: Kumar Akhilesh , Kumar Dhanesh , Kumar Rajendra , Prasad Jhakeshwar , Kumar Mahendra , Joshi Prachita , Fulzele Pratiksha 
Published: June 2020

Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is an uncommon disorder of early life. Peptic ulceration of the stomach or duodenum is usually associated with abnormalities of the gastric mucosa such as gastritis and/or gastropathy. Gastritis and ulcers of the stomach and duodenum can be classified into either primary or secondary depending on their aetiologies. The majority of primary or unexplained peptic ulcers are the result of chronic inflammation caused by Helicobacter pylori infection. However, an increasing number of children with PUD without evidence of H. Pylori infection are now being seen. Rarely PUD is caused by hypersecretory states. Secondary ulceration occurs in response to acute stress from severe systemic illnesses such as sepsis, head injury, burns, and as sequelae to use of certain drugs. The prognosis for recovery from peptic ulcers is good as most patients will respond to treatment.
Keywords: Peptic ulcer disease, Complication, Helicobacter pylori, NSAIDs, Management.
Silymarin Loaded Novel Drug Delivery for Oral and Topical Administration
Authors: Gorhe Ankita Arun , Kulkarni Abhijeet , Pallavi Kandalkar , Snehal Jagtap 
Published: June 2020

Silymarin is polyphenolic flavonoid obtained from the seeds of silybum marianum plant. It has various pharmacological properties such as hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-carcinogenic, hypolipidemic properties. Silymarin has recently reported to be neuroprotective agent against neurodegenerative disease such as Alzheimer, Parkinson’s and cerebral ischemia. It contains eight active components, among which silibinin is the most active component. However, silymarin is BCS class II drug which having poor bioavailability due to extensive phase II metabolism, poor aqueous solubility, low permeability across intestinal epithelial cells and rapid excretion in bile and urine. Therefore, it is necessary to understand all formulations and analytical aspects including all possible future prospects. In this review a potential approach to enhance solubility, bioavailability and to develop a robust formulation is studied. The number of studies describes novel drug delivery system (NDDS) based formulations have been significantly increased. The raise in novel drug delivery exploitation is essentially due to defeated barriers within technological process of lipid based nanoparticles formulations and increased knowledge of underlying mechanisms of transport of NDDS via different route of administration. This review focuses on pharmacological properties of silymarin, challenges, benefits and application of novel drug delivery system. To reduce the adverse effects and toxicities novel drug delivery will be an attractive approach of current therapies.
Keywords: Silymarin, route of administration, novel drug delivery, bioavailability, solubility
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice towards Self-Medications in a Rural Community
Authors: Athira Raju , Govind G , Irene Mary Johns , Sachin Cyriac , Ritty Sara Cheriyan , Vishwanath B A 
Published: June 2020

Background: The consumption of drugs without consulting healthcare professional regardless of side effects and duration of therapy is known as self-medication. This study was conducted to analyze the practice of self-medication and knowledge about the medicines among the common people of rural areas.
Methods: 6 months Study was carried out by collecting the data with the help of questionnaire and thereby collecting their answers. The data was analyzed statistically in terms of actual numbers and percentage.
Results: As an outcome of our survey, majority of the population were unaware about proper usage of medicines. The survey also shows that NSAIDs are the most consumed medicines. 72.11% stop taking medications without the advice or without informing healthcare provider. 77.56% believe medication without prescription will help them.
Conclusion: The survey that most of the common population in the rural areas don’t know about the indication for which they are taking medication and the study also emphasizes the unawareness of common population towards proper usage of medication. Elderly people are on polypharmacy due to multiple and inter current diseases, with their improper use due to lack of knowledge of correct dose, side effects, and interactions would bring serious implications. Community pharmacists should get continuous education and repeated training programs because they are easy accessible to the common population. A proper statutory drug control must be implemented, rationally restricting the availability of drugs to the public. Self-medication is an area where governments and health authorities need to ensure that it is done in a responsible manner, ensuring that safe drugs are made available over the counter and the consumer is given adequate information about the use of drugs and when to consult a doctor.
Keywords: Self-medication, irrational use, prevalence, pharmacist, drugs.
Comparation of SAW Method and Topsis in Assesing The Best Area Using HSE Standards
Authors: Bendra Wardana  , Roni Habibi  , M. Harry K Saputra  
Published: June 2020

Pertamina Gas is a company engaged in the midstream and downstream industry sectors of Indonesian gas. Currently, the process to access the best areas in PT. Pertamina Gas has not been computerizedand it is still doing manu ally. In assessing the area itself, this method is considered less effective and efficient to determine the best area. Area Assessment according to PT. Pertamina Gas itself is important to iincrease the performance and safety in improving PT. Pertamina Gas Health, Safety, Environment quality. Therefore, we need a system to determine which areas are the best in the PT. Pertamina Gas environment, using predetermined criteria. To create a system commenting on the area in PT. Pertamina Gas Environment, the author used the method Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) and Techniques for Other References With Similarities to Ideal Solutions (TOPSIS) for the best process of conversation and area testing.This study suggests finding the best method for reporting and helping to make decisions based on the best alternative value. The results obtained from this study show that the testing using SAW method is more optimal than using TOPSIS method, with the value of sensitivity change for SAW is 2.4 and TOPSIS is 0.7754.
A Study of Chip Formation on Turning with Minimum Quantity Lubrication Method (MQL)
Authors: Qoryah Rika Dwi Hidayatul , Azizi Agil Widhy , Darsin Mahros 
Published: June 2020

The cutting fluid is one of the essential factors in machining to increase machinability. The issuance of ISO 14000 about reducing the use of cutting fluid for its danger for operator and environment has encouraged many researchers to find ways to minimize its use. The Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL) is an answer to it. To further reduce the use of cutting fluid, a device that complies with MQL criteria for controlling the spray based on the tool temperature has successfully designed. This paper is discussing the effect of applying this device to the chips formation. The experiments were on turning of AISI 4340 using carbide tools. The Taguchi method L9 used to design the experiments. The variations made on the method of applying the cutting fluid, depth of cut, and cutting fluid composition. The chips formation was calculated based on the value of the degree of serration. Analysis of the S/N ratio, followed by ANOVA, revealed that the cutting fluids application method is the least factor affecting the chips formation. In contrast, the depth of cut influences the chips formation by 75 per cent more. The highest degree of serration achieved when applying the combination of depth of cut of 1.8 mm, the composition of 5:5, and flood method of applying cutting fluid.