bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Healthy Lifestyle Interventions in Schools of Jazan City, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A Quasi-experimental Study
Authors: Awad Elkarim Elfaki Fatima , Eldin Elsawi Khalafalla Husam , Mutwakel Gaffar Abdelrahim , E Moukhyer Mohamed , A Bani Ibrahim , Salih Mahfouz Mohamed 
Published: April 2020

Background
Unhealthy dietary habits and lifestyle among adolescents is considered as a risk factor for nutrition-related diseases in adulthood. The objective of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of a healthy lifestyle intervention—including physical activity (PA) and eating habits (EH)—among female students in Jizan City, southwest Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA).
Methods
A representative sample of 565 school students aged 12–15 years was randomly selected from four schools in Jizan, KSA. The PA and EH were assessed using a validated self-administered questionnaire. A pre-post quasi-experimental study was implemented in three phases.
Results
Following the intervention, the school children in the intervention groups showed a significant improvement in their EH and PA. These improvements were documented in increased physical walking measured by the number of students walking daily, the number of days walked, and the time spent on vigorous activities (54.11 ± 54.89 to 63.24 ± 76.16). Fruits and vegetables had a similar consumption frequency in both the intervention and control groups. The snacks were frequently consumed among intervention group with a significant increase in the mean number from 1.64 ± 0.93 to 1.96 ± 1.13 (p = 0.000) and fast food were less frequently consumed among intervention group than the control group (p = 0.000). The prevalence of obesity in the intervention group was reduced from 16.3% to 12.9%, while it was significantly increased from 17.6% to 19.0% in the control group (p = 0.0148). Weight decreased by 0.37 kg in the intervention group, while it increased by 0.07 kg in the control group, but with no statistically significant increase.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, healthy lifestyle interventions can improve short- and long-term outcomes in school children. When examining the health benefits of healthy lifestyle, the importance of dietary and PA behaviors should be considered.
Keywords: lifestyle, dietary habits, physical activity, chronic diseases, Jazan-KSA
Una mirada a la evolución de la creación de spin-offs académicas en países Iberoamericanos: los casos de España y Colombia
Authors: Morales-Gualdrón Silvia Teresa 
Published: April 2020

La creación de empresas a partir de resultados de investigación –spin-offs académicas– es un fenómeno que se ha consolidado en países líderes en investigación a nivel mundial, como Estados Unidos, Francia, Reino Unido e Israel, entre otros, pero que a nivel de Iberoamérica es de reciente implementación. Este artículo presenta un análisis sobre el desarrollo de las spin-offs académicas en dos países iberoamericanos, España y Colombia, abordando algunos aspectos fundamentales, como lo son: las capacidades para la I+D+i, el marco normativo, la disponibilidad de recursos e infraestructura de apoyo para las diferentes etapas del proceso de creación de una empresa. Los resultados muestran un mayor desarrollo en el caso español que en el colombiano, no obstante, en ambos casos se han ido fortaleciendo las capacidades institucionales para la investigación y desarrollo en las universidades, se han eliminado barreras jurídicas para la participación de las universidades y de los empleados públicos docentes en la creación de estas empresas, y se ha ido consolidando un ecosistema de apoyo al emprendimiento de base tecnológica que favorecerá, en los próximos años, los procesos de generación de spin-offs.
Contribuições do estado da questão na pesquisa sobre política pública, Educação Rural e Educação do Campo
Authors: Santos Magda Gisela Cruz dos , Paludo Conceição 
Published: April 2020

Com base em um estudo bibliográfico que investigou a relação entre educação rural, educação do campo e políticas públicas das duas últimas décadas, o presente artigo explicita a importância do Estado da Questão para as pesquisas acadêmicas. Se descreve e reflete sobre suas principais contribuições na delimitação do tema e do objeto de pesquisa, na problematização das questões iniciais e na fundamentação da hipótese. Conclui-se que, além de possibilitar uma visão de totalidade da produção de conhecimento na área em que a pesquisa se insere, a realização do Estado da Questão contribui substantivamente na transição das percepções iniciais sobre o objeto de pesquisa, para um conhecimento sistematizado, com o rigor e a profundidade que caracterizam os conhecimentos científicos.
Palavras-chave: Estado da Questão, Educação Rural e Educação do Campo, Políticas Públicas.

Contributions of the state of the question in research on public policy, Rural Education and Countryside Education
ABSTRACT. Based on a bibliographic study that investigated the relationship between rural education, countryside education and public policies in the last two decades, this article explains the importance of the State of the Question for academic research. It describes and reflects on its main contributions in the delimitation of the theme and the research object, in the problematization of the initial questions and in the foundation of the hypothesis. It is concluded that, in addition to providing a view of the totality of knowledge production in the area in which the research is inserted, the realization of the State of the Question contributes substantially in the transition from initial perceptions about the research object, to systematized knowledge, with the rigor and depth that characterize scientific knowledge.
Keywords. State of the Question, Rural Education and Countryside Education, Public Policy.

Contribuciones del estado de la cuestión en investigación sobre políticas públicas, Educación Rural y Educación del Campo
RESUMEN. Basado en un estudio bibliográfico que investigó la relación entre educación rural, educación del campo y políticas públicas en las últimas dos décadas, este artículo explica la importancia del Estado de la cuestión para la investigación académica. Describe y reflexiona sobre sus principales contribuciones en la delimitación del tema y el objeto de investigación, en la problematización de las preguntas iniciales y en la base de la hipótesis. Se concluye que, además de proporcionar una visión de la totalidad de la producción de conocimiento en el área en la que se inserta la investigación, la realización del Estado de la cuestión contribuye sustancialmente en la transición de las percepciones iniciales sobre el objeto de investigación, al conocimiento sistematizado, con el rigor y la profundidad que caracterizan el conocimiento científico.
Palabras clave: Estado de la Cuestión, Educación Rural y Educación del Campo, Políticas Públicas.
Pengaruh Beban Kendaraan sebagai Beban Terbagi Rata terhadap Deformasi Geogrid sebagai Perkuatan Embankment
Authors: Patria Adhe Noor 
Published: April 2020

<p>Soft soil such as clay was sensitive soil. Public contructions built in this kind of soil would face some problemssuch as long period consolidation time, unstable embankment slope, not easily compacted and high level settlement. Some solution that could be suggested were the usage of vertical drain, or the usage of geosynthetics material such as geogrid combined with floating piles.Analysis was carried out by using plaxis version 7.2. soil for embankment and embankment foundation was modelled in plane strain. Also geogrid andfloating piles were modelled in palne strain too. Surcharge load on top of embanknet were variated, they were 20, 35 and 50 kPa. The simulation was carried out in staged contruction mode.Final vertical displacement in geogrid due to 50 kPa vehicle load as surcharge load and long term load period (in this case excess pore water pressure was small) was -0,9062 m for rigid embankment and -1,4206 for interface embankment. The difference occured due to slip at the interface of geogrid and soil. It leaded to adding soil mass supportd by geogrid, furthermore the deflection of geogrid became bigger.</p>
The Effect of Assertive Training on Bullying in Junior High School
Authors: Herman Hermalinda , Nurshal Deswita , Novrianda Dwi 
Published: April 2020

<em>Bullying</em> merupakan fenomena yang umum dan masalah yang universal pada anak usia sekolah. <em>Bullying </em>dapat menimbulkan efek yang serius/ negatif terhadap kesehatan mental dan kesejahteraan anak. Salah satu strategi yang dapat dilakukan untuk mencegah bullying adalah dengan latihan ketrampilan asertif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pengaruh latihan asertif terhadap pencegahan bullying pada siswa SMP 28 Padang. Desain penelitian adalah Quasi eksperimen dengan jumlah sampel 81 sampel (43 Kontrol dan 38 intervensi). Intervensi yang diberikan adalah latihan asertif training dengan 5 sesi selama 30 – 45 menit, yang terdiri dari berkomunikasi dengan orang lain, menyatakan “tidak” pada pernyataan yang tidak rasional, menyatakan keluhan, memberikan penghargaan kepada orang lain dan menerima pernghargaan serta mempertegas perilaku asertif dengan sosia drama. <em>A</em><em>dolescent </em><em>P</em><em>eer </em><em>R</em><em>elationship </em><em>I</em><em>nstruments</em><em> (APRI) </em>digunakan untuk mengukur perilaku bullying. Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah Wilcoxon dan Mann Whitney. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan perilaku bullying sebelum dan sesudah intervensi antara kelompok kontrol dengan kelompok intervensi. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa latihan ketrampilan asertif dapat dipertimbangkan sebagai intervensi yang dapat mencegah perilaku <em>bullying</em> pada remaja.
Protective Effect of Ipomoea batatas L Leaves Extract on Histology of Pancreatic Langerhans Islet and Beta Cell Insulin Expression of Rats Induced by Streptozotocin
Authors: Novrial Dody , Soebowo Soebowo , Widjojo Parno 
Published: April 2020

Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L) leaf is one of well known vegetables among Indonesian people. It is also often used as traditional medicine for diabetes mellitus. This research aimed to investigate the protective effect of I. batatas L leaves extract on the pancreas of IDDM animal model. Twenty five male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 3 treatment groups, and 2 control groups. Streptozotocin (STZ) was injected at multiple low doses (40 mg/kg BW) intraperitoneally for 5 consecutive days, I. batatas L leaves extract (doses 0.25, 0.8, and 2.5 g/ kg BW) were administered for 14 days after the first STZ injection. Fasting blood glucose was analyzed after complete STZ induction (day 6), and after 14 days treatment. At the end of the study, rats were terminated, and pancreas were removed for histological examination and immunohistochemical procedure using anti-insulin antibody. Diabetic rats treated with 2.5 g/kg BW I. batatas L leaves extract showed lowest fasting blood glucose among treatment groups, and had approximately 50% normal Langerhans islets with functional beta cells. These results suggest that I. batatas L leaves extract has anti diabetic activity through its protection effect on the pancreas.
A Systematic Review of the Role of Physiotherapy Interventions in Palliative Care
Authors: Phokontsi Lesley , Mweetwa Larry L , Mweetwa Larry , Tlhoiwe Tumelo , Muya Christine K , Mudawarima Tapfuma , Silumesii Lili , Chisenge Suwilanji , Phillips J 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The aim of this research is to conduct a systematic review analysing the role of the physiotherapy interventions in palliative care. PRISMA as a critical appraisal tool was utilised for the selection of the research articles. The inclusion criteria were based on the year of publication, ease of availability, language, geographical location, and study type. To ensure the credibility, databases such as Elsevier, Proquest, and EBSCO Host were used to filter the grey content. Data published in the past ten years (2009-onwards) was only included to ensure the selection of the most recent interventions used by the physiotherapists. A total of 11 articles were selected which determined that physiotherapy interventions involving breathing exercises, aerobic exercises, manual therapies, and educational awareness were critical to promoting the functional capability and empower the patients.
PENGEMBANGAN MODUL BERBASIS INKUIRI TERBIMBING PADA MATERI KIMIA LARUTAN PENYANGGA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA KELAS XI SMA DI KARANGANYAR
Authors: Saraswaty Sarry , Masykuri Mohammad , Mulyani Sri 
Published: April 2020

<p class="Default">Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan modul yang mempunyai beberapa tujuan yaitu pertama, mengembangkan modul pembelajaran kimia berbasis inkuiri terbimbing pada materi Larutan Penyangga untuk meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa SMA. Kedua, menganalisis kualitas modul pembelajaran kimia berbasis inkuiri terbimbing materi Larutan Penyangga yang dikembangkan. Ketiga, mengetahui efektivitas modul pembelajaran kimia berbasis inkuiri terbimbing materi Larutan Penyangga untuk meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa. Terakhir, mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar kimia siswa melalui modul kimia berbasis inkuiri terbimbing materi Larutan Penyangga. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: pertama, modul dapat meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis sisw. Kedua, kategori modul adalah sangat baik dan layak digunakan oleh siswa dan guru. Ketiga, pembelajaran menggunakan modul efektif digunakan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa. Terakhir, pembelajaran menggunakan modul dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar aspek pengetahuan siswa.</p>
Romosozumab in Skeletally Mature Adults with a Fresh Unilateral Tibial Diaphyseal Fracture
Authors: Bhandari Mohit , Schemitsch Emil H. , Karachalios Theofilos , Sancheti Parag , Poolman Rudolf W. , Caminis John , Daizadeh Nadia , Dent-Acosta Ricardo E. , Egbuna Ogo , Chines Arkadi , Miclau Theodore 
Published: April 2020

Background:
Romosozumab is an antibody that binds and inhibits sclerostin, thereby increasing bone formation and decreasing bone resorption. A double-blinded, randomized, phase-2, dose-finding trial was performed to evaluate the effect of romosozumab on the radiographic and clinical outcomes of surgical fixation of tibial diaphyseal fractures.

Methods:
Patients (18 to 82 years old) were randomized 3:1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1 to a placebo or 1 of 9 romosozumab treatment groups. Patients received subcutaneous injections of romosozumab or the placebo postoperatively on day 1 and weeks 2, 6, and 12. The primary outcome was the time to radiographic evidence of healing (“radiographic healing”) analyzed after the week-24 assessments had been completed for all patients.

Results:
A total of 402 patients were randomized: 299 to the romosozumab group and 103 to the placebo group. The median time to radiographic healing (the primary outcome) ranged from 14.4 to 18.6 weeks in the romosozumab groups and was 16.4 weeks (95% confidence interval [CI]: 14.6 to 18.0 weeks) in the placebo group, which was not a significant difference. There was also no significant difference in the median time to clinical healing, no relationship between romosozumab dose/frequency and unplanned revision surgery, and no apparent treatment benefit in terms of physical function. The safety and tolerability profile of romosozumab was comparable with that of the placebo.

Conclusions:
Romosozumab did not accelerate tibial fracture-healing in this patient population. Additional studies of patients at higher risk for delayed healing are needed to explore the potential of romosozumab to accelerate tibial fracture-healing.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Eighteen-Year Results of Cementless THA with Alumina-on-HXLPE Bearings in Patients <30 Years Old
Authors: Kim Young-Hoo , Park Jang-Won 
Published: April 2020

Abstract:
Despite overall good survivorship and clinical outcomes in the short term after total hip arthroplasty (THA) with use of alumina ceramic-on-highly cross-linked polyethylene (HXLPE) in patients younger than 30 years of age, there is a paucity of long-term data to evaluate the fixation of the components and the prevalence of osteolysis. We reviewed the records of 45 patients (54 hips) who had been included in a previous report to evaluate the long-term functional outcomes as well as radiographic and computed tomographic scan findings (particularly with regard to component fixation and osteolysis) after a mean duration of follow-up of 17.8 years. One femoral stem was revised because of aseptic loosening, and 2 acetabular components were revised because of recurrent dislocation. The survival rate at 17.8 years was 98% for the femoral component and 96% for the acetabular component.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of level of evidence.
Three-Dimensional Bioprinting in Orthopaedics
Authors: Larsen Christopher G. , Stapleton Erik J. , Sgaglione Jonathan , Sgaglione Matthew , Goldstein Todd , Sgaglione Nicholas A. , Grande Daniel A. 
Published: April 2020

» Three-dimensional (3D)-printing technology has evolved dramatically in the last 30 years, from large machines with poor resolution to those with micron-level capabilities that sit on a desktop. This technology is being utilized in numerous medical applications, particularly in orthopaedic surgery.» Over the past decade, technological advances have allowed for the application of this technology to the field of tissue engineering through the process of 3D bioprinting.» Of interest to orthopaedic surgeons, active areas of research utilizing this technology involve the bioprinting of articular cartilage, bone, menisci, and intervertebral discs.
Technology Focus: Multilateral and Complex-Trajectory Wells (May 2020)
Authors: Aadnøy Bernt 
Published: April 2020

The evolution of the petroleum industry the past 40 years is always included in my teaching. The students enjoy it, and it comforts them to know that they have entered an industry with a focus on modern technology. Of course, the condition is always value-added; the new technology must improve processes in a cost-efficient way.
Multilateral wells have been around for many years. By 1953, a nine-branch well with barefoot laterals had been drilled in Bashkira in Russia. Although the operators reported a production increase of 17 times compared with offset wells, the modern area of multilateral technology would not begin for another 40 years.
Extended-reach wells have a similar development, starting in the early 1980s and improving continuously. Many people consider BP’s Wytch Farm in the late 1990s to be the breakthrough for this technology. For the past 20 years, both multilateral and extended-reach wells have been drilled, and the technology is available from many service providers.
A dominating current focus in the industry is digitization, which implies various computer applications at many levels. Although multilateral and long-reach wells are common, the technological development is not complete. Effective implementation of digital technology requires complementary development of the technology itself. Remember that many tools are developed for manual operations. New tools possibly should be designed from a robotics perspective.
One main driver is improved recovery, which means that we must favor the oil flow and control or minimize water and gas production. Here is the completion challenge. Tools and technologies are developed continuously to reach this objective. In addition, we have the maintenance perspective gained by more-efficient workover and well-intervention methods. Many new tools and technologies are being developed continuously, not necessarily to break stepout records but to produce in a better way. Some of these technologies are metallic packers, autonomous inflow control, surface-controlled completion systems, fiber-optic communications, automated mud- and chemical-injection systems, and wired drillpipe.
Feedback from my students is that this technological and digital evolution gives them confidence in their career choice. Despite the petroleum industry challenges the past few years, we still have high national and international recruitment to our program in drilling and well engineering in Stavanger.
Altered staining patterns and expression level of Engrailed-2 in Benign prostatic hyperplasia and Prostate Cancer predict Prostatic disease progression
Authors: Li Qi , Shi Yibo , Sa Rigai , Hao Jun , Hu Jinhao , Xiao Mulun , Wang Chaoliang , Yan Liang , Qiao Baoping , Chen Guoxun 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Prostate cancer (PC) , a common malignant tumor, is the second-leading cause of cancer death among American men. Its successful treatment greatly relies on the early diagnose. Engrailed-2 (EN2) has been confirmed being existed with a high level in the urine of PC patients. In this study, to explore the application of EN2 in PC, we detected the immunohistochemical staining difference and EN2 expression level between benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and PC. Methods: We developed a monoclonal antibody against the helix 3 in EN2 and confirmed its specificity with Western blotting (WB) and immunofluorescence detecting the subcellular localization of endogenous and exogenous EN2 in three PC cell lines (LNCap, PC3, and DU145). We conducted immunohistochemical staining using this homemade antibody, and RT-PCR to detect the expression of EN2 in 25 PC and 25 BPH cases , and analyzed the correlation of EN2 expression and PC clinical staging. Results: The results of WB and immunofluorescence showed our homemade EN2 monoclonal antibody could specifically bind endogenous and exogenous EN2 protein in three different PC cell lines. Endogenous EN2 was generally expressed in the cytoplasm and exogenous EN2 mostly existed in the nucleus of these cell lines. Immunohistochemical staining in PC had extremely stronger signals than that in BPH, suggesting a higher EN2 expression level in PC, which was confirmed by RT-PCR. Interestingly, the stained areas in BPH tissues were mainly in nucleus and cytoplasm, while in PC tissues were mainly on cytomembrane. Moreover, the expression level of EN2 was positively correlated with the PC clinical staging. Conclusion: Using our homemade EN2 antibody, we have found different staining patterns and expression level of EN2 in BPH and PC，which may be helpful to predict prostatic disease progression.