bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A new method for the empirical conversion of logging data to clay mineral fraction in the Nankai accretionary prism
Authors: Yabe Suguru , Fukuchi Rina , Hamada Yohei , Kimura Gaku 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Sediment lithology, especially the clay mineral fraction, is basic geologic information, which is important for understanding faulting and evolutionary process of the accretionary prism. During scientific drilling, the clay mineral fraction is measured using X-ray diffraction analyses of samples from the acquired cores. However, coring in an accretionary prism is sometimes difficult, which hinders the acquisition of clay mineral fraction data. This study details the development of a new method used to empirically estimate the clay mineral fraction from the electrical resistivity and natural gamma ray logs obtained from the Kumano section of the Nankai Tough, where multiple scientific drilling expeditions have been conducted. This method is composed of two steps. First, porosity is estimated using electrical resistivity logs. In order to compensate for the effect of porosity, the natural gamma ray logs are then normalized using (1 − porosity). Second, the normalized natural gamma ray logs are converted into clay mineral fractions using an empirical conversion function. This empirical function was determined by comparing all available normalized natural gamma ray logs and clay mineral fractions data collected from the Kumano section of the Nankai Trough. As a byproduct of the porosity estimations, thermal conductivity and temperature depth profiles were also estimated for all of the logging sites. As electrical resistivity logs and natural gamma ray logs are essential measurements made during scientific drilling, this new method can be applied to future drilling expeditions in the Nankai Trough. Although the empirical conversion function established in this study is valid only at the Kumano section of the Nankai trough, the same procedure can be applicable to other subduction zones to establish local empirical conversion functions if enough data are available. The clay mineral fraction depth profile estimated using this method can provide useful information for various geological studies, including sedimentology and structural geology of the shallow accretionary prism.
A novel research method for workshops and co-production of interventions: using a secret Facebook group
Authors: Buelo Audrey , Kirk Alison , Jepson Ruth 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background
Co-production of interventions is reliant on good communication and consensus between participants and researchers, but attending in-person meetings and workshops is hard for time-constrained groups such as new mums, who may be geographically dispersed without reliable transport. Discussions with a lay advisory group resulted in the decision to hold a workshop over a secret Facebook group. The aim of this study was to test the feasibility of a secret Facebook group for co-production activities. In the example presented, the population was women with previous gestational diabetes, the topic was physical inactivity, and the purpose was to develop an acceptable physical activity intervention.

Methods
The researchers created a secret Facebook group with content similar to an in-person workshop that sequentially progressed to develop a programme theory for an intervention. The researcher posted 1–2 times per day for 14 days, and members of the group were invited to comment and discuss the content. Feasibility and acceptability of the group were analysed using Facebook analytics and a post-workshop survey.

Results
Twenty-one participants took part. In total, 521 comments were provided in response to 18 posts of varying types (average = 28.9 comments per post). The total word count of participant comments was 21,142 words. The workshop was viewed positively, with 20 of 21 participants saying they liked the workshop “somewhat” or “a great deal”, and felt the group was a safe and open environment to share opinions. When asked if they would take part in something like this again, 15 of 21 said “Yes”. Participants mentioned the format was convenient; it allowed them to reflect on their experiences, and they liked helping research progress. Those who say “maybe” said it was difficult finding time and depended on what else was going on.

Conclusion
Using a secret Facebook group as a method of co-production or as a workshop in the research process is a feasible and acceptable method. Social media holds significant potential for co-production and involvement in research for populations who are geographically dispersed or time-constrained, with an uncommon condition or other circumstances where in-person meetings are either not appropriate or not possible.
Effectiveness of a mobile phone application to increase access to sexual and reproductive health information, goods, and services among university students in Uganda: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Nuwamanya Elly , Nalwanga Robinah , Nuwasiima Afra , Babigumira Janet U. , Asiimwe Francis T. , Babigumira Joseph B. , Ngambouk Vitalis P. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
University students are one of the most vulnerable groups to sexual reproductive health [SRH] threats like sexually transmitted infections [STIs], unwanted pregnancies, and unsafe abortions and often have limited access to SRH information, goods, and services. This study assessed the effectiveness of using a mobile phone application (APP) to increase access to SRH information, goods, and services among university students in Uganda.

Methods
Using data from a double-blinded randomized controlled trial, participants were randomly assigned to both the intervention (APP) and control (standard of care) arms. We executed descriptive analyses for baseline demographic characteristics by intervention, difference in difference (DID), and quantile regression analyses for both primary and secondary outcomes.

Results
The median age of participants was 21 years of age, and the majority were female (over 60%), unemployed (over 85%) and Christian (90%). Over 50% were resident in off-campus hostels and in a relationship. Between baseline and end-line, there was a significant increase in SRH knowledge score (DID = 2, P < 0.001), contraceptive use (DID = 6.6%, P < 0.001), HIV Voluntary testing and counselling (DID = 17.2%, P < 0.001), STI diagnosis and treatment (DID = 12.9%, P < 0.001), and condom use at last sex (DID = 4%,P = 0.02) among students who used the APP. There was a significant 0.98 unit increase in knowledge score (adjusted coefficient = 0.98, P < 0.001), a significant 1.6-fold increase in odds of contraceptive use (adjusted coefficient = 1.6, P = 0.04), a significant 3.5-fold increase in HIV VCT (adjusted coefficient = 3.5, P < 0.001), and a significant 2-fold increase in odds of STI testing and treatment (adjusted coefficient = 1.9, P < 0.001) after adjusting for demographic characteristics among APP users compared to the control group.

Conclusion
A mobile phone application increased sexual and reproductive health information (knowledge score), access to goods (contraceptives), and services (HIV voluntary testing and counseling and sexually transmitted infection diagnosis and management) among sexually active university students in Uganda. Further technical development, including the refinement of youth-friendly attributes, extending access to the app with other platforms besides android which was pilot tested, as well as further research into potential economic impact and paths to sustainability, is needed before the app is deployed to the general youth population in Uganda and other low-income settings.

Trial registration
MUREC1/7 No. 07/05–18. Registered on June 29, 2018.
Benefits and damages of the use of touchscreen devices for the development and behavior of children under 5 years old—a systematic review
Authors: Rocha Bruno , Nunes Cristina 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Aim
Several health organizations have been expressing concern about the amount of time children spend using electronic devices and about the benefits and damages of the use of touchscreen devices, such as smartphones or tablets, for the development and behavior of children under the age of 5. A systematic review was carried out in order to understand the impact of touchscreen device usage toward children’s development and behavior under the age of 5.

Methods
Using the PRISMA method, from a total of 6314 studies found in online databases, searched in English, between 01/01/2000 and 01/10/2018, 11 studies were selected for analysis.

Results
The results revealed that, in children under the age of 5, the damages of the use of touchscreen devices are superior to the benefits that may result, especially when there are more hours of screen time. More importance is given to the quality of the child-adult relationship and not to the use of touchscreen devices. Nevertheless, some studies emphasize some aspects that may reduce the negative effects, such as moderate use, less screen time, parental monitoring, and viewing educational programs in an academic environment.

Conclusions
Guidelines that should be given to parents about the use of touchscreen devices by children are discussed. The limitation of this study was the difficulty in finding studies directed to the desired age and type of electronic device. This may be taken as a potential cause of bias.
Evidence of validity and reliability of the adaptive functioning scale for intellectual disability (EFA-DI)
Authors: Selau Thais , da Silva Mônia Aparecida , de Mendonça Filho Euclides José , Bandeira Denise Ruschel 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIntellectual disability (ID) is a developmental disorder characterized by deficits in intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior. The fifth edition of theDiagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders(DSM-5) defines adaptive functioning as a severity measure of ID. The availability of tests in the international context to assess this construct has increased in recent years. In Brazil, however, non-systematic assessment of adaptive functioning, such as through observation and interviews, still predominates. TheEscala de Funcionamento Adaptativo para Deficiência Intelectual EFA-DI[Adaptive Functioning Scale for Intellectual Disabilities] is a new instrument developed in Brazil to assess the adaptive functioning of 7- to 15-year-old children and support the diagnosis of ID. This study’s objectives were to investigate evidence of validity related to the EFA-DI’s internal structure, criterion validity, and reliability. The psychometric analyses involved two statistical modeling types, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and item response theory analysis (IRT). These results highlight the EFA-DI scale’s strong psychometric properties and support its use as a parental report measure of young children’s adaptive functioning. Future studies will be conducted to develop norms of interpretation for the EFA-DI. This study is expected to contribute to the fields of psychological assessment and child development in Brazil.
Percutaneous salvage interventions in the Glenn circuit: a case series
Authors: Mukherji Aritra , Ghosh Sanjiban , Das Jayita Nandi , Chattopadhyay Amitabha 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
In majority of children bidirectional Glenn shunt is a safe and efficacious procedure with minimal post-operative issues. Rarely, there may be dysfunction in the Glenn pathway due loss of anatomical integrity or derangements in normal physiological or hemodynamic milieu. We report 4 cases in the last 3 years (2016-2019) where complications in the Glenn circuit led to serious consequences requiring transcatheter interventions.

Case presentation
Two of our patients presented with frank features of superior vena cava syndrome. One of them had right Glenn anastomotic site narrowing leading to severe obstruction along with significant left pulmonary artery origin stenosis. The other child had excessive antegrade flow impeding normal Glenn flow leading to superior vena cava syndrome. The next child in our series was initially lost to follow-up after bidirectional Glenn surgery. Later on, this child was noted to have discontinuous left pulmonary artery with perfusion only to the right lung from the Glenn. The remaining child described in this series had developed a large tortuous venous collateral post Glenn shunt leading to severe cyanosis. All the above children needed prompt percutaneous interventions to revert back to their basal state. On follow-up, the benefit was sustained in all.

Conclusions
Percutaneous intervention procedures often provide a successful bailout option in various complicated situations post Glenn surgery with reasonable efficacy and safety.
LGBTQ+ people living with dementia: an under-served population
Authors: Cousins Emily , de Vries Kay , Dening Karen Harrison 
Published: October 2020

Background Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer (LGBTQ+) people living with dementia are an under-served population. They are often at greater risk of vulnerability, discrimination, loneliness, health inequalities and poorer health outcomes. Aims The aim of this applied practice paper was to produce an introductory summary of some of the challenges and considerations facing LGBTQ+ people living with dementia. This is the second in a series of clinical articles on dementia in underserved populations. Methods A literature overview was undertaken comprising a number of literature searches. Salient academic articles, policy papers and third sector reports were analysed to identify themes. Findings Three main themes emerged from the analysis regarding LGBTQ+ people living with dementia: an increasing awareness of needs; challenges and considerations; and recommendations for improving practice and care. Conclusions Challenges and considerations facing LGBTQ+ people living with dementia include living with memory problems, remembering the past, reminiscence, personal relationships and receiving care. Recommendations include comprehensive training for health and care professionals, as well as strengthened peer support networks. Areas for future research to fully understand the needs of this under-served population are also suggested.
Identification of osteoporosis treatment gaps
Authors: Hemmer Christopher , Moore Karen 
Published: October 2020

Background/aims Osteoporosis is implicated in over 8.9 million fragility fractures worldwide with a cost in the United States of America of 19 billion dollars. The number of osteoporosis-related fractures and the associated human and financial costs are projected to continue to rise as the American population ages (Zeldow, 2018). Screening and identification of patients with decreased bone density can prevent or delay the onset of this insidious condition. This study was developed to evaluate the following research questions: 1. Which risk factors are most strongly associated with the completion of Dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) screening? 2. When patients are provided instruction on osteoporosis screening guidelines from a health care provider, how likely are they to comply with DXA screening? 3. Which healthcare providers are providing instruction on osteoporosis guidelines to patients? Methods A 22-question osteoporosis survey addressing history of fracture, modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors, and compliance with recommendations was developed by the authors and distributed to a sample of 270 patients presenting to medical offices during a 1-month period in 2018. Results It was found that 49.26% (n=133) of patients reported they received counseling regarding osteoporosis prevention while 50.74% (n=137) of patients reported that bone health was never addressed by any healthcare provider. Those healthcare providers that did discuss bone health with their patients were noted to most frequently practice in the primary care setting 30.7% (n=83). Other healthcare providers patients identified in the survey as discussing bone health were specialists in orthopaedics at 8.5% (n=23), obstetrics/gynecology 7% (n=19), rheumatology 2.6% (n=7), oncology 2.9% (n=8), and endocrinology 1% (n=3). The risk factors most strongly associated with the completion of DXA screening in this survey were loss of height, fracture after 50 years of age, and oral corticosteroid use. Conclusions Osteoporosis is considered a ‘silent disease’ that often goes unrecognised by providers and patients until after fracture occurs. This study highlights the need for providers to educate on bone health and to find better ways to ensure patient compliance.
Non-surgical rhinoplasty with dermal fillers
Authors: Gutierrez-Fayos Ricardo 
Published: October 2020

With the increase in popularity of non-surgical rhinoplasty, there is an increasing risk of complications arising from this treatment. The nose has a very complex vascularity, with frequent anatomical variations, making it difficult to create a safety rule for practicing dermal fillers. In-depth knowledge of the anatomy, as well as expert and gentle hands, are prerequisites for minimising the risks. Previous surgical rhinoplasty is a risk factor for the treatment with dermal fillers at the nose. Patient selection is of the utmost importance, and practitioners must assess the benefit versus the inherent risk for each patient. Product selection is vital for the prevention of complications, as a large number of cases of blindness derive from fat transfer techniques, and in case of a vascular occlusion affecting the retina, there is only 1 hour to recover blood circulation before the retina suffers permanent damage.
Rebels, groundbreakers and trailblazers: the first ladies of surgery
Authors: Rea V 
Published: October 2020

This article explores the barriers preventing women from entering the surgical profession in the 19th century and the ingenious ways in which women overcame them. Elizabeth Garrett Anderson is known as the first woman in Britain to qualify as a doctor. What is less well known is that she also waged a 45-year battle with The Royal College of Surgeons of England over the admission of women to surgical examinations, which is documented in the College archive. The history of women's entry into the surgical profession.
What's in a name?
Authors: Hopkins C 
Published: October 2020

In this article, Claire Hopkins discusses how the neglect of professional titles when introducing women in surgery reflects a subtle form of unconscious bias that may appear trivial, but can adversely affect their perceived authority. Consistent use of titles across all members of the team, regardless of race or gender, or a decision to take a more informal approach across the team, is important to foster an environment of equality. Addressing unconscious bias, with one pair of Mr Louboutins at a time.
Is being a role model a straightjacket or a privilege?
Authors: Cornish JA 
Published: October 2020

What is a role model, how do you decide who they should be? If you are considered a role model, how do you talk to others about the choices you have made? With the decline in numbers of trainees opting for surgery as a career and an increasing numbers of female medical students in the UK, this article explores some of the issues around choosing role models and how we might present a career in surgery to students and trainees at all levels. Redefining emulation.
With Great Power Comes Great Pedagogy: Teaching, Learning, and Comics, Susan E. Kirtley, Antero Garcia and Peter E. Carlson (eds) (2020)
Authors: DeHart Jason D. 
Published: October 2020

Review of: With Great Power Comes Great Pedagogy: Teaching, Learning, and Comics, Susan E. Kirtley, Antero Garcia and Peter E. Carlson (eds) (2020)
Jackson, MS: University Press of Mississippi, 270 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-49682-605-3, p/bk, $30
Lessons Drawn: Essays on the Pedagogy of Comics and Graphic Novels, David Seelow (2019)
Authors: Sinclair Megan 
Published: October 2020

Review of: Lessons Drawn: Essays on the Pedagogy of Comics and Graphic Novels, David Seelow (2019)
Jefferson, MO: MacFarland, 186 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-47667-158-1, p/bk, £43.50
A Efetividade do Controle Social a partir dos Portais Governamentais / The Effectiveness of Social Control from Governmental Portals
Authors: Sousa Alana De Oliveira , Amurim Aldir Dias de , Soares Amanda Paulino , Custódio Izabel Mônica Costa Silva 
Published: October 2020

Resumo: A Administração Pública age com a finalidade de atender as necessidades básicas da população, como saúde, segurança e educação, promovendo assim o bem estar da sociedade. Para atender essas necessidades são promovidas políticas públicas que são custeadas pelo recolhimento de tributos cobrados a todos os contribuintes. A pesquisa tem como objetivo identificar as ferramentas de controle social mais utilizadas e o que compreende cada uma delas, a explanação da legislação pertinente à transparência pública, além da percepção dos servidores públicos quanto a efetividade do controle social. O trabalho possui abordagem quantitativa descritiva, mediante questionário acerca da avaliação de mecanismos que levam ao exercício do controle social. Verificou-se que, os entrevistados consideram importante os portais de transparência governamental para a efetividade do controle social, mas há uma dificuldade atrelada às informações que constam nesses portais, seja pela difícil compreensão, ou por não conseguirem encontrar as informações buscadas. Palavras-chave: Controle Social. Fiscalização. Portais Governamentais.
A Real-World Promising Result of Endoscopic Full-Thickness Resection: It's Time for Endoscopic Full-Thickness Resection to Be Widely Used
Authors: Chu Yuan , Xu Meidong 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
During the past 2 decades, we have witnessed the rise and prevalence of endoscopic resection. Endoscopic full-thickness resection (EFTR) is a key technique in dealing with some difficult gastrointestinal lesions that are not eligible for conventional endoscopic mucosal resection or endoscopic submucosal dissection. However, EFTR is demanding with respect to endoscopic resection experience and defects closure skills, which limits its widespread use in clinical practice. Full-thickness resection device simplifies the operation and makes EFTR easier to master, even in low-level medical institutions. As the high-level evidence accumulates and technique improves, it's time for EFTR to be accepted and used by more and more endoscopists.
Taking A Long-Term Approach to the Development of Weightlifting Ability in Young Athletes
Authors: Morris Stephanie J. , Oliver Jon L. , Pedley Jason S. , Haff G. Gregory , Lloyd Rhodri S. 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACTDespite previous misconceptions, youth participation in weightlifting is now recognized as safe and beneficial when delivered, programed, and monitored by a qualified professional. This article explores teaching progressions to help coaches periodize weightlifting training for young or novice athletes, with consideration to the theoretical concepts underpinning long-term athletic development. It is hoped that the structured and progressive guidelines presented in the current article will help coaches develop the weightlifting performance of their young athletes in a safe and effective manner.