bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The learning curve in hypospadias urethroplasty: single-surgeon experience
Authors: Abdurrahman Abdurrahman , Hutahean Andre Yudha Alfanius 
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Hypospadias is one of the most frequent urological congenital anomalies. Due to the high difficulty of the procedures, a surgeon must face a steep learning curve at the start of the practice and experiencing the procedure to achieve maximum results. This study would like to evaluate the effect of experiences from a single surgeon doing hypospadias urethroplasty with the clinical outcome in Harapan Kita Mother and Children Hospital.Method: Retrospective cohort study was done from the period of 2016 until 2018 in Harapan Kita Mother and Children Hospital by reviewing the medical records of all patients that underwent hypospadias surgical treatment by a single pediatric urologist. All forms of hypospadias, age, and procedures were included. The operative techniques were done by the operational standard within the literatures. All data were presented as tables and learning curve line graph. Statistical Analysis was done using SPSS v.23(IBM Statistics, New York).Results: Total of 125 patients have undertaken urethroplasty by the surgeon. Most of the cases were new cases (96%) and dominant with 2-6 years group (57.6%). Proximal hypospadias (75%) followed by distal hypospadias (25%). Complications of fistula urethrocutan and stenosis neourethra were found to occur in 23% of the patients. Among the two most frequently done techniques, Onlay preputial island flap showed 10% occurrence of fistula urethrocutan and 1% occurrence of stenosis neourethra, as opposed to TPIF Duckett showing 13% and 20% respectively. There were trends of decrease in occurrences of fistula urethrocutan Â and stenosis neourethra following more experience in operating the surgery. All occurrences achieved 0% of occurring complication at the recent experiences of hypospadias urethroplasty.Conclusion: More experience in performing hypospadias urethroplasty seemed to affect clinical outcome, as occurrences of fistula urethrocutan and stenosis mid urethra be decreasing with more experience in a single pediatric urology surgeon.
The effectiveness of probiotic as adjuvant therapy of severe pneumonia in children below 5 years-old at Sanglah General Hospital, Bali, Indonesia
Authors: Adinatha Yohannes , Subanada Ida Bagus , Arimbawa I Made , Nilawati Gusti Ayu Putu , Gunawijaya Eka , Hartawan I Nyoman Budi 
Published: November 2020

Background:Â Pneumonia is a respiratory disease that can cause a lot of morbidity and mortality. Factors that associated with severe pneumonia in children include toddler age, malnutrition, male sex, exclusive breastfeeding, incomplete immunization. This study aims to evaluate the probiotic effectiveness as adjuvant therapy in childhood pneumonia compared to placebo.Methods:Â This is a randomized, double-blind controlled trial among 54 children with severe pneumonia aged 2 months-5 years who received standard therapy and probiotics compared to standard therapy and placebo from August 2017 to July 2019. Both groups were evaluated for treatment outcomes after receiving 5 days of adjuvant therapy at Sanglah General Hospital, Bali, Indonesia which divided into Group I (n=27) (standard therapy and probiotics) and Group II (n=27) (standard therapy and placebo). Variables assessed in this study include the characteristic of subjects, length of stay, duration of fever, shortness of breath, retractions, rales, C-reactive protein (CRP), probiotics, and history of breastfeeding. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 20 for Windows.Â Results:Â Both groups were shown predominantly in male gender (66.67% and 59.26%), exclusive breastfeeding (88.89% and 77.78%), no malnutrition status (81.48% and 77.78%), and having complete immunization history (81.48% and 88.89%) in Group I and II, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference on the length of stay, length of fever, duration of the breath, length of subcostal retraction and decrease in CRP levels on both groups (p>0.05). Meanwhile, there was a statistical difference in rales duration (p=0.037). Multivariate analysis using Ancova found probiotics were able to reduce the duration of rales significantly by 5.87 hours (p=0.022; 95% CI: -10.89 â€“ (-0.86)).Conclusion:Â This study concluded that adjuvant therapy with probiotics significantly reduced rales duration in children with severe pneumonia.
The molecular mechanisms of secondary osteoporosis: a literature review
Authors: Hajiyev Akif , Azizova Gulnara , Efendiyev Arif 
Published: November 2020

Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disorder characterized by low bone mass, microstructural degradation, decreased bone mineral density, and compromised bone strength. It is known as a disorder affecting the older population. However, aging is not the only factor involved. Millions of people with osteoporosis remain undiagnosed and often involveÂ secondary causes. In some studies, it is estimated that approximately 20-30% of postmenopausal women and above 50% of men having secondary osteoporosis. Secondary osteoporosis usually showed no clear clinical manifestations, and thus allow its progression to a fracture. The process of osteoporosis is complex as it involves various factors. This article triesÂ to provide an in-depth reviewÂ of the problem regarding theÂ mechanisms of secondary osteoporosis and the significance of related riskÂ factors. At the same time, it emphasized the molecular mechanisms of osteoporosis
Prevalence of ABO, RhD and other clinically significant Blood Group Antigens among blood donors at tertiary care center, Gwalior
Authors: Sharma Shelendra , Sharma Dharmesh chandra , Rai Sunita , Arya Anita , Jain Reena , Kaur Dilpreet , Jain Bharat 
Published: November 2020

Background: Among all blood group systems and antigens, ABO and D antigens of the Rh blood group system are of primary importance, hence included in routine blood grouping and transfusion. Other blood group systems and antigens that are important in multiparous women, multi-transfused patients and hemolytic disease of newborn are Kell, Rh, Duffy, and Kidd.Aims and Objectives: Â To know the pattern of ABO, RhD and other clinically significant major antigens of Rh, Kell, Duffy and Kidd blood group systems as well as evaluationÂ of phenotypes, genotypes and gene frequency of related antigens among blood donors in Gwalior region.Materials and methods:Â A prospective study was carried out at the Blood Bank from July 2017 to June 2019. During the study period 48500 blood donors were included for ABO and RhD grouping, Out of them 1000 randomly selected donor samples were processed for complete Rh, Kell, Duffy and Kidd blood grouping.Result: Â ABO group pattern was; A - 22.56%, B - Â 36.52%, AB - 9.8% and O -31.12 %,Â while RhD status was RhD+ 90.99% and RhD- 9.01% .Â Prevalence ofÂ Rh phenotypes was DCCee 43%, DCcee 33%, DCcEe 10%, dcceeÂ 6.5%, DccEeÂ 4.5%, DcceeÂ 1%, DCCEeÂ 0.3% and dccEe 0.2%. Kell phenotype was K-k+ 95.5%, K+k+ 4.5%, while K+ k- and K- k- phenotypes were not encountered in this study. Duffy phenotypes were Fya+ Fyb+ 47.5%, Fya+ Fyb- 35%, Fya- Fyb+17% and Fya- Fyb- 0.5%. Kidd phenotype was Jka+ Jkb- 44.5 %, Jka- Jkb- 26.5%, Jka+ Jkb+ 18% and Jka- Jkb+ 11%.Conclusion: Present study is helpful in the transfusion management of multiparous women and multi-transfused patients. Extended blood grouping is the need of future to ensure safe blood transfusion practices.
In vitro study comparison of purple leaf extract as denture cleanser at different concentration towards S. mutans growth on flexible denture
Authors: Dewi Tri Purnami 
Published: November 2020

Background: The denture usage should be accompanied by good denture cleansing to prevent denture damage and oral disease due to bacterial on the denture. Research on purple leaves (Graptophyllum pictum) showed that purple leaves have anti-bacterial and antimicrobial activity. So it is essential to study the effectiveness of purple leaves as denture cleanser towards the growth of S. mutans on flexible denture plates.Objective: The objective of the study was to compare the effectiveness of purple leaf extract at different concentrations: 1.25%; 2.5%; 10% and 40%, fittidentÃ’ and aquadest towards S. mutans growth on flexible denture plates.Methods: This study was in vitro study that used S. mutans from local isolates of the microbiological laboratory faculty of medicine, Universitas Udayana. The isolates were incubated for 24 hours with temperature 37oC on 18 plates (10x10x2mm). The concentration of purple leaf extract was 1.25%; 2.5%; 10% and 40%. The effectiveness of purple leaf extract, fittidentÃ’ and aquadest towards the growth of S. mutans can be evaluated from the number of S. mutans colonies on flexible denture base plate (CFU/ml). Data were analyzed using the One Way Anova test with 95% confidence level (Î± = 0,05%). LSD (Least Significant Different) was tested to determine the significance of differences in the treatment group.Â Result: The lowest mean of colonies' growth was found in 10% concentration (21.0000). There was significant difference in colony count between the extract concentration groups (p=0.000). LSD-multi comparisons test on the Post Hoc analysis showed a significant difference between the extract concentrations of 1.25% to 10% (p=0.037), and the 2.5% extract to 10% (p=0.012) and 40% (p=0.027). Graptophylum pictum extract showed with highest flavonoid content (4340,30 mg/100 QE wb).Conclusion: All extract concentrations are effective in suppressing bacterial growth. The optimum concentration to the growth of S. mutans was the extract with 10% concentration but did not differ significantly with the 40% concentration extract. Â
Perubahan tingkat pengetahuan pasca penyuluhan penyakit menular tuberculosis (TB) terhadap masyarakat di Desa Tojan, Klungkung, Puskesmas Klungkung I, Bali, Indonesia
Authors: Rahmasari Sintia Sugiarta , Weta I Wayan 
Published: November 2020

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the infectious diseases that still need attention, especially in developing countries where the prevalence is still high. Health promotion is a step that can be done to prepare citizens in terms of their abilities and knowledge regarding TB disease. This study aims to see changes in people's knowledge after health promotion about TB in the village of Trojan, Klungkung, Bali.Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study has been conducted to assesses the knowledge responses before and after delivery of material on TB. Health promotion was carried out on April 2nd 2018 in Banjar Desa Trojan Klungkung. Before giving the material 3 questions were given to 3 participants randomly, then after giving the material for 30 minutes, 3 questions were given to 9 random communities. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 17 for WindowsResults: A total pre-test score was 44.4% while the post-test score was 88.9% where there was an increase of 44.5% after the material was given. In addition, all of the respondents showed a perfect post-test score (100,0%) both in the questions related to the symptoms of TB as well as the route of transmission for TB, respectively,Conclusion: This study shows that there is an increase in knowledge after the provision of health promotion through post-test evaluation.Â Latar Belakang: Tuberkulosis (TB) merupakan salah satu penyakit menular yang masih perlu diperhatikan terutama di negara berkembang dimana prevalensinya masih tinggi. Penyuluhan merupakan suatu langkah yang dapat dilakukan untuk mempersiapkan warga dalam hal kemampuan dan pengetahuan mengenai penyakit TB. Studi ini bertujuan untuk melihat perubahan pengetahuan warga setelah dilakukan penyuluhan mengenai TB di Desa Trojan, Klungkung, Bali.Metode: Sebuah studi potong lintang deskriptif telah dilakukan untuk menilai respon pengetahuan sebelum dan sesudah penyampaian materi penyuluhan mengenai TB. Penyuluhan dilakukan pada tanggal 2 April 2018 di banjar Desa Trojan Kelungkung. Sebelum pemberian materi diberikan 3 buah pertanyaan kepada 3 peserta secara acak, kemudian setelah pemberian materi selama 30 menit, diberikan 3 buah pertanyaan kepada 9 masayarakat acak. Data dianalisis menggunakan SPSS versi 17 untuk Windows.Hasil: Total nilai pre-test adalah 44,4% sedangkan nilai post-test adalah 88,9% dimana terjadi peningkatan sebesar 44,5% setelah pemberian materi. Di samping itu, seluruh responden menunjukkan hasil nilai post-test sempurna (100,0%) baik pada pertanyaan yang berhubungan dengan gejala TB maupun jalur transmisi TB, secara berturut-turut.Kesimpulan: Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan setelah pemberian penyuluhan melalui evaluasi post-test.
Gambaran kesehatan kerja pekerja bangunan di Kota Denpasar periode Agustus-Oktober 2017
Authors: Afano Faiz , Yuliatni Putu Cintya Denny , Ani Luh Seri 
Published: November 2020

Background: Building construction is one of the most significant sectors related to the economic development in a country. However, the development of construction sector in Indonesia also has an impact in increasing problem regarding the occupational diseases, particularly among construction workers. In addition, construction workers require health insurance to facilitate the access to the nearest health center.Aim: The study aimed to describe the complaints of disease and behavior of accessing health facilities among construction workers in Denpasar city.Methods: This is a descriptive with cross-sectional research design which was implemented in Denpasar city among 101 subjects. The primary data was in the form of interview using questionnaire.Results: The result revealed that all subjects were male. Majorities were â‰¤30 years old, came from outside Bali, had worked for â‰¤5 years, with duration of work â‰¤8 hours, and in the light worker group. The construction workers mostly complained about lower back pain (34.4%). A total of 63.4% of construction workers do not have health insurance, especially for workers who came from outside Bali.Conclusion: Lower back pain tends to occur in workers from age group ofÂ >30 years, workers who work for â‰¤5 years, workers with duration of work >8 hours, and in the heavy worker group. The tendency of ownership of health insurance in construction workers is not based on the length of work and the job field.Â Â Latar belakang: Konstruksi bangunan merupakan salah satu sektor yang sangat penting dalam perkembangan perekonomian suatu negara. Seiring dengan berkembangnya sektor pembangunan di Indonesia berdampak pula pada peningkatan masalah penyakit akibat kerja terutama pada pekerja bangunan. Selain itu pekerja bangunan memerlukan adanya jaminan kesehatan berupa asuransi untuk memudahkan akses ke fasilitas kesehatan terdekat.Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran keluhan penyakit dan perilaku mengakses fasilitas kesehatan pada pekerja bangunan di Kota Denpasar.Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross-sectional yang dilaksanakan di di Kota Denpasar dengan total responden 101 orang. Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer berupa hasil wawancara menggunakan kuisioner.Hasil: Dalam penelitian ini didapatkan hasil bahwa semua subyek penelitian adalah laki-laki. Mayoritas berusia â‰¤30 tahun, berasal dari luar Bali, telah bekerja â‰¤5 tahun, dengan durasi bekerja â‰¤8 jam, dan bidang pekerjaan ringan. Â Keluhan yang paling banyak adalah nyeri punggung bawah (34.4%). Sebanyak 63.4% pekerja bangunan tidak memiliki asuransi kesehatan, terutama bagi pekerja yang berasal dari luar Bali.Kesimpulan: Nyeri punggung bawah cenderung terjadi pada usia pekerja > 30 tahun, pekerja yang bekerja selama â‰¤5 tahun, pekerja dengan durasi kerja > 8 jam, dan pada kelompok pekerja berat. Kecenderungan kepemilikan asuransi kesehatan pada pekerja bangunan tidak berdasarkan lama bekerja dan bidang pekerjaan.
Keloid aurikularis dekstra yang diterapi kombinasi eksisi intralesi dan injeksi kortikosteroid dengan anestesi tumesen: sebuah laporan kasus
Authors: Pratiwi Ida Ayu Intan , Wardhana Made 
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Keloid is a skin lesion due to overproduction of collagen and fibroblasts. Has predilection on high tension skin and there are various modalities in handling them. The purpose of this case report is to provide a perspective of auricular keloids treated by a combination of intralesional excision and corticosteroid injection with tumescent anaesthesia.Case: A 28-year-old woman who has a history of small nodules on the right ear that is getting bigger and bigger. Dermatological status shows the right auricular helix region obtained nodules brown, solitary, oval shape, size 5x7 cm, firm boundaries, regular edges, smooth surface and shiny. In palpation hard and fixed fixation is found. Patients were treated with a combination of intralesional excision and corticosteroid injection with tumesent anaesthesia. Corticosteroid injection used was triamcinolone acetonide as much as 0.4 cc intra-lesion on the 3rd day. Control on the 7th day the patient was in good condition and did not appear to have any complications with the condition of the post-surgical wound being treated.Conclusion: Management of auricular keloids by intralesional excision and corticosteroid injection after three days post-surgery provides the satisfactory clinical outcome of keloids.Â Pendahuluan: Keloid merupakan suatu lesi kulit oleh karena produksi berlebihan dari kolagen dan fibroblast. Memiliki predileksi pada kuit yang memiliki tegangan tinggi dan terdapat berbagai modalitas dalam penanganannya. Tujuan dari laporan kasus ini adalah memberikan perspektif keloid aurikularis yang diterapi kombinasi eksisi intralesi dan injeksi kortikosteroid dengan anestesi tumesen.Kasus: Seorang perempuan berusia 28 tahun yang memiliki riwayat bintil kecil pada telinga kanan yang makin lama makin membesar. Status dermatologis menunjukkan regio helix aurikularis dekstra didapatkan nodul berwarna kecokelatan, soliter, bentuk oval, ukuran 5x7 cm, batas tegas, tepi regular, permukaan halus dan mengkilat. Pada palpasi didapatkan kosistensi keras dan terfiksir. Pasien di berikan tatalaksana kombinasi eksisi intralesi dan injeksi kortikosteroid dengan anestesi tumesen. Injeksi kortikosteroid yang digunakan adalah triamcinolone acetonid sebanyak 0,4 cc intra lesi pada hari ke-3. Kontrol pada hari ke-7 pasien dengan kondisi baik dan tidak tampak suatu komplikasi apapun dengan kondisi luka paska bedah yang terawatt.Simpulan: Penanganan keloid aurikularis dengan teknik eksisi intralesi dan injeksi kortikosteroid tiga hari paska bedah memberikan luaran klinis keloid yang memuaskan.
Retinoblastoma unilateral: sebuah laporan kasus pada pelayanan kesehatan sekunder dengan fasilitas terbatas
Authors: Taba Junetta Airene Priskila , Ernst Cliff 
Published: November 2020

Background: Retinoblastoma is a primary malignant intraocular neoplasm derived from retinoblast beyond retinal development.Purpose: To report a case of Unilateral Retinoblastoma in secondary health care with limited facilities.Case report: We present a case of a 34-months old girl with unilateral retinoblastoma that transfer to the hospital with proptosis of the right eye, severe pain and drastic weight loss. Orbital exenteration was the treatment of choice due to poor prognosis of visual function and due to lack of facilities for further ancillary studies. After family members consented to right eye exenteration, then the ophthalmologist did the surgery. Later on, about one month post exenteration, histopatological report confirmed the diagnosis of retinoblastoma. Based on the need for chemotherapy, patient was referred to a more complete health care facilities.Conclusion: Retinoblastoma should be considered as an intraocular tumors especially in children until proven otherwise. Specifically in areas with limited facilities, it is very important to be able to detect early signs of retinoblastoma and avoid the development of disease to worse stage (extraocular retinoblastoma).Â Latar Belakang: Retinoblastoma merupakan neoplasma intraokular maligna primer yang berasal dari sel retina imatur (retinoblas) dalam perkembangan retina.Tujuan: Untuk melaporkan kasus Retinoblastoma Unilateral dalam perawatan kesehatan sekunder dengan fasilitas terbatas.Laporan kasus: Kami menghadirkan kasus seorang gadis berusia 34 bulan dengan retinoblastoma unilateral yang diperiksakan ke rumah sakit dengan proptosis mata kanan, nyeri parah, dan penurunan berat badan yang drastis. Orbital exenteration adalah pengobatan pilihan karena prognosis buruk dari fungsi visual dan karena kurangnya fasilitas untuk studi tambahan lebih lanjut. Setelah anggota keluarga menyetujui pembedahan mata kanan, maka dokter mata melakukan operasi. Kemudian, sekitar satu bulan pasca eksenterasi, laporan histopatologis mengkonfirmasi diagnosis retinoblastoma. Berdasarkan kebutuhan untuk kemoterapi, pasien dirujuk ke fasilitas perawatan kesehatan yang lebih lengkap.Kesimpulan: Retinoblastoma harus dianggap sebagai tumor intraokular terutama pada anak-anak sampai terbukti sebaliknya. Khususnya di daerah dengan fasilitas terbatas, sangat penting untuk dapat mendeteksi tanda-tanda awal retinoblastoma dan menghindari perkembangan penyakit ke tahap yang lebih buruk (retinoblastoma ekstraokular).
APPROACH TO CANINE VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS (CVL) BY VETERINARY DOCTORS
Authors: Aoun Moustapha Nathalia , Negrão Multari Júlia , Santos Ed Wilson , Tellaroli Giovanna , Hoffman Bueno Magdanelo Esther Ligia Laura 
Published: November 2020

The canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) is a zoonosis extremely important for public health, of worldwide relevance, with 90% of the cases registered in Brazil. It´s caused by the protozoan from the genus Leishmania and its main host is the domestic dog. For the successful transmission, it must have the presence of the vector, a hematophagous mosquito from genus Lutyzomia. The diagnostic from the disease is extremely difficult, seen that 60% to 80% of the seropositive animals are asymptomatic and the clinical manifestations are very nonspecific. After changes made by the Health Ministry, it actually is permitted to realize the treatment of the positive animals to CVL, in which the most accepted medicament is Miltefosine. Yet, independent of the treatment, the best method against CVL is prevention. In the present job was produced a questionnaire through the platform Google Forms with 14 questions encompassing the Leishmaniasis. Were collected 65 answers veterinarians of different ages and states of Brazil. 80% of vets said to indicate the treatment of the animal in cases of leishmaniasis confirmed, while 3.08% still indicate euthanasia. Although not recommended, the use of amphotericin B and pentavalent antimonials is still seen in the treatment protocols, however, the majority (75.4%) opts for the use of Miltefosina, recommended. Vaccination, although accepted by most veterinarians (95.38%), is still a little-used practice due to the low product availability in clinics, just 47.69% have in the veterinary clinic. Among veterinarians, 95.4% indicate the use of 4% deltamethrin collars as prevention. A good performance by the veterinarian is of paramount importance for the control effect of VL.