bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Distribution of coumaphos in beeswax after treatment of honeybee colonies with CheckMite® against the parasitical mite Varroa destructor
Authors: Kast Christina , Kilchenmann Verena , Droz Benoît 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWe studied the distribution of coumaphos in beeswax after a single application of CheckMite® to 15 bee colonies in the fall according to the manufacturer’s instruction. Immediately after the treatment, residue levels were especially elevated in the wax that came into contact with the CheckMite® strips. During the following spring season, coumaphos levels ranged from 36 to 159 mg/kg in the wax of the brood frames next to the CheckMite® strips, and residue levels were about 10 times lower in the wax of frames that did not come into contact with the strips. Beeswax that was newly constructed 5 months after removing the treatment strips contained up to 7.3 mg/kg of coumaphos, and up to 0.5 and 2.3 mg/kg was detected in the honeycomb and capping wax, respectively. These results suggest that beeswax exposed to CheckMite® should not be recycled in order to prevent elevated concentrations of coumaphos in new foundations and hence to prevent honeybee larvae from being exposed to detrimental residue levels.
Comparison of the conductive properties of polyester/viscose fabric treated with Cu nanoparticle and MWCNTs
Authors: Akbarpour H. , Rashidi A. , Mirjalili M. , Nazari A. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn this work, the specimen of the fabrics (polyester/viscose blend) was prepared. At first, the samples were placed under microwave radiation at different times, and then the optimum condition of treated fabrics (8 min) was selected for treatment. The physical properties and surface morphology of Cu nanoparticle and multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with different percentages were measured using dispersing agent, washing performance, stability, and physical properties of the fabric. The image of surface morphology’s specimens was also photographed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Afterwards, we measured the specimens’ electrical conductivity properties, according to AATCC 2005-76 standards, and subsequently, K/S, %R, and Lab value of specimens was analyzed using reflection spectrophotometer. In fact, the results indicated that optimum electrical resistivity, which was also the aim of the study, is 9% one weight of fabric (o.w.f.) nanoparticles on the fabric and that electrical resistivity for the values of 9% o.w.f. for CNT is slightly greater than Cu.
Toxoplasmosis in Pregnancy
Authors: Ratha Chinmayee 
Published: December 2019

AbstractToxoplasmosis is a rare but important infection in pregnant women which can potentially cause serious fetal adverse effects. Methods of screening, diagnosing and treating toxoplasmosis in pregnancy have been evaluated for over four decades now but still, there is a lack of robust evidence in these areas to guide care plans. Yet with the advent of newer techniques in imaging and laboratory diagnosis, reasonable protocols can be formulated to optimally mange cases with toxoplasmosis in pregnancy. It is becoming increasingly evident that antenatal treatment definitely helps in reducing fetal and hence neonatal morbidity from this infection. Timely identification and adequate therapy to prevent vertical transmission or even treat infected fetuses seem to be a practical approach. Most importantly, health education and public awareness will help reduce the infection rates in pregnant women.
Evaluating investments in flexible on-demand production capacity: a real options approach
Authors: Freitag Bettina , Häfner Lukas , Pfeuffer Verena , Übelhör Jochen 
Published: December 2019

AbstractOngoing digitalization of production accelerates trends like mass customization, ever shorter lead times, and shrinking product life cycles. Thereby, industrial companies face increasingly volatile demand that complicates an appropriate production capacity planning. On the other hand, the comprehensive digitalization of production environments favors, amongst others, the dynamic integration of flexible external on-demand production capacity provided by specialized external capacity providers (ECPs). To enable the usage of on-demand production capacity, industrial companies may require significant upfront investments (e.g., for inter-organizational information systems, planning and organizational processes, employee training). The objective of this paper is to develop a model that evaluates such enabling upfront investments from the perspective of a manufacturing company. To consider flexibility of action, we apply real options analysis in a discrete-time binomial tree model and weigh these so-called expansion options to related cash outflows. In addition, we evaluate our model by means of a simulation and sensitivity analyses and derive insights for both researchers and practitioners. The insights gained by our model present a profound economic basis for investment decisions on upfront investments in flexible on-demand production capacity.
Magnetic, thermal and rotational evolution of isolated neutron stars
Authors: Pons José A. , Viganò Daniele 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe strong magnetic field of neutron stars is intimately coupled to the observed temperature and spectral properties, as well as to the observed timing properties (distribution of spin periods and period derivatives). Thus, a proper theoretical and numerical study of the magnetic field evolution equations, supplemented with detailed calculations of microphysical properties (heat and electrical conductivity, neutrino emission rates) is crucial to understand how the strength and topology of the magnetic field vary as a function of age, which in turn is the key to decipher the physical processes behind the varied neutron star phenomenology. In this review, we go through the basic theory describing the magneto-thermal evolution models of neutron stars, focusing on numerical techniques, and providing a battery of benchmark tests to be used as a reference for present and future code developments. We summarize well-known results from axisymmetric cases, give a new look at the latest 3D advances, and present an overview of the expectations for the field in the coming years.
Blood Glucose Prediction with Variance Estimation Using Recurrent Neural Networks
Authors: Martinsson John , Schliep Alexander , Eliasson Björn , Mogren Olof 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMany factors affect blood glucose levels in type 1 diabetics, several of which vary largely both in magnitude and delay of the effect. Modern rapid-acting insulins generally have a peak time after 60–90 min, while carbohydrate intake can affect blood glucose levels more rapidly for high glycemic index foods, or slower for other carbohydrate sources. It is important to have good estimates of the development of glucose levels in the near future both for diabetic patients managing their insulin distribution manually, as well as for closed-loop systems making decisions about the distribution. Modern continuous glucose monitoring systems provide excellent sources of data to train machine learning models to predict future glucose levels. In this paper, we present an approach for predicting blood glucose levels for diabetics up to 1 h into the future. The approach is based on recurrent neural networks trained in an end-to-end fashion, requiring nothing but the glucose level history for the patient. Our approach obtains results that are comparable to the state of the art on the Ohio T1DM dataset for blood glucose level prediction. In addition to predicting the future glucose value, our model provides an estimate of its certainty, helping users to interpret the predicted levels. This is realized by training the recurrent neural network to parameterize a univariate Gaussian distribution over the output. The approach needs no feature engineering or data preprocessing and is computationally inexpensive. We evaluate our method using the standard root-mean-squared error (RMSE) metric, along with a blood glucose-specific metric called the surveillance error grid (SEG). We further study the properties of the distribution that is learned by the model, using experiments that determine the nature of the certainty estimate that the model is able to capture.
Nanoscale investigation of deformation characteristics in a polycrystalline silicon carbide
Authors: Zhang D. , Zhao L. G. , Roy A. , Chiu Y.-L. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn this paper, we study the mechanical behaviour of silicon carbide at the nanoscale, with a focus on the effects of grain orientation and high-dose irradiation. Grain orientation effect was studied through nanoindentation with the aid of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and EBSD (electron backscatter diffraction) analyses. Mechanical properties such as hardness, elastic modulus and fracture toughness were assessed for different grain orientations. Increased plasticity and fracture toughness were observed during indentations on crystallographic planes which favour dislocation movement. In addition, for SiC subjected to irradiation, increases in hardness and embrittlement were observed in nanoindentations at lower imposed loads, whereas a decrease in hardness and an increase in toughness were obtained in nanoindentations at higher loads. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses revealed that the mechanical response observed at a shallow indentation depth was due to Ga ion implantation, which hardened and embrittled the surface layer of the material. With an increased indentation depth, irradiation-induced amorphization led to a decrease in hardness and an increase in fracture toughness of the material.
Low cholesterol levels in children predict impulsivity in young adulthood
Authors: Tomson-Johanson Katrin , Kaart Tanel , Kiivet Raul-Allan , Veidebaum Toomas , Harro Jaanus 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjective:Severe behavioural issues such as impulsive action and suicide have since long been associated with low levels of cholesterol. While it is known that cholesterol plays a role in neural development and hence low levels of serum lipids could have long-term effects on behaviour, no longitudinal studies showed the association of serum lipids levels with impulsivity. We aimed to examine the prognostic properties of serum lipid levels during childhood and adolescence on measures of impulsivity during early adulthood in a representative birth cohort sample.Methods:We have investigated whether serum lipid levels measured at 9, 15, 18 and 25 years of age have an association with impulsivity in 25 years old young adults. This analysis was based on data of the birth cohort representative samples of the Estonian Children Personality Behaviour and Health Study (originaln= 1238). Impulsivity was self-reported with the Adaptive and Maladaptive Impulsivity Scale.Results:Total and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol measured in boys aged 9, 15 and 18 years predicted disinhibition and thoughtlessness in 25-year-old young adults. High scores of disinhibition were associated with low total and LDL cholesterol levels in males but, while less consistently, with high total and LDL cholesterol levels in females. Cross-sectional analysis did not result in systematic outcomes.Conclusions:Serum lipid levels could have an impact on the development of Maladaptive Impulsivity starting from an early age. This effect of cholesterol continues throughout adolescence into young adulthood.
Validity and Reliability of the Attitudes toward Traffic Safety Scale in Argentina
Authors: Trógolo Mario , Ledesma Rubén Daniel , Medrano Leonardo Adrián 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The main objective of this research was to investigate the psychometric properties of a Spanish-language version of the Attitudes toward Traffic Safety Scale (ATTS) for the assessment of risky driving attitudes among Spanish-speaking populations. Five hundred and fifty-eight drivers from Argentina participated in the study. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the ATTS three-factor structure: Attitude towards violations and speeding, attitude towards the careless driving of others and attitude towards drinking and driving, χ2(87) = 205.91, p < .001; χ2/df = 2.36; GFI = .94; CFI = .93; TLI = .91; RMSEA = .05; 90% CI [.04, .06]. A model with one higher-order factor (overall attitude toward risky driving) also fits the data. Reliability estimates were acceptable for the total scale (α = .81) and for all subscales (with α values ranging from .74 to .84), and concurrent validity was supported by theoretically expected correlations with self-reported risky driving behavior (r ranging from .27 to .45, ps < .01). Subsequent comparison between zero-order correlation and partial correlation (controlling for Driver Impression Management) between ATTS subscales and self-reported risky driving behavior revealed minor or no effects of social desirability bias. Implications for road safety intervention are discussed.
Separating Sea and Slow Slip Signals on the Seafloor
Authors: Gomberg Joan , Hautala Susan , Johnson Paul , Chiswell Steve 
Published: December 2019

AbstractSeafloor pressure measurements hold promise for estimating vertical displacements from transient slow slip events on submarine faults. We assess the accuracy of pressure offset estimates that evolve over days to weeks and the confidence with which they may be attributed to tectonic deformation or to the ocean water column. One common approach to resolve this ambiguity assumes water column pressures vary insignificantly over the study region and are represented by stable reference site pressures. Assessing the validity of this assumption requires independent evidence. Correlations between pressures and colocated temperatures collected during the Hikurangi Ocean Bottom Investigation of Tremor and Slow Slip experiment suggest temperatures might provide a useful independent proxy for water column pressures. We compared offsets estimated using several methods, with temperature and other proxies. The use of a temperature proxy was unsuccessful, because seafloor temperatures did not track the seasonal signal that contributes significantly to seafloor pressure changes over the slow slip event period. Regardless of the estimation method, offsets varied within a few cm around some uncertain reference level. Commonly used statistical measures are shown not to be reliable indicators of offset accuracy since offsets contribute minimally to the total variance. Offsets estimated using identical methods but with seafloor pressures simulated using a regional ocean model were larger than those derived from the data but had a similar pattern. Since the model simulates only water column processes, this suggests a significant fraction of the estimated pressure offsets are due to seasonal water column signal and are not of tectonic origin.
The long non-coding RNA TUG1-miR-9a-5p axis contributes to ischemic injuries by promoting cardiomyocyte apoptosis via targeting KLF5
Authors: Yang Di , Yu Jie , Liu Hui-Bin , Yan Xiu-Qing , Hu Juan , Yu Yang , Guo Jing , Yuan Ye , Du Zhi-Min 
Published: December 2019

AbstractNon-coding RNAs participate in many cardiac pathophysiological processes, including myocardial infarction (MI). Here we showed the interplay between long non-coding RNA taurine-upregulated gene 1 (lncR-TUG1), miR-9a-5p (miR-9) and Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5). LncR-TUG1 was upregulated in ischemic heart and in cultured cardiomyocytes exposed to H2O2. Knockdown of lncR-TUG1 markedly ameliorated impaired cardiac function of MI mice. Further study showed that lncR-TUG1 acted as a competitive endogenous RNA of miR-9, and silencing of lncR-TUG1 inhibited cardiomyocyte apoptosis by upregulating miR-9 expression. Furthermore, the miR-9 overexpression obviously prevented ischemia injury and significantly inhibited H2O2-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis via inhibition of mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. KLF5, as a target gene of miR-9 by dual-luciferase reporter assay, was involved in the process of miR-9 in regulating cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Our data identified the KLF5 was downregulated by miR-9 overexpression and knockdown of KLF5 inhibited cardiomyocyte apoptosis induced by H2O2. MiR-9 exerts anti-cardiomyocyte apoptotic affects by targeting KLF5. Collectively, our data identify a novel function of lncR-TUG1/miR-9/KLF5 axis in regulating cardiomyocyte apoptosis that affects myocardial infarction progression.
Rod bipolar cells dysfunction occurs before ganglion cells loss in excitotoxin-damaged mouse retina
Authors: Shen Yumeng , Luo Xue , Liu Shiliang , Shen Ying , Nawy Scott , Shen Yin 
Published: December 2019

AbstractProgressive degeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) will cause a blinding disease. Most of the study is focusing on the RGCs itself. In this study, we demonstrate a decline of the presynaptic rod bipolar cells (RBCs) response precedes RGCs loss and a decrease of protein kinase Cα (PKCα) protein expression in RBCs dendrites, using whole-cell voltage-clamp, electroretinography (ERG) measurements, immunostaining and co-immunoprecipitation. We present evidence showing that N-methyl D-aspartate receptor subtype 2B (NR2B)/protein interacting with C kinase 1 (PICK1)-dependent degradation of PKCα protein in RBCs contributes to RBCs functional loss. Mechanistically, NR2B forms a complex with PKCα and PICK1 to promote the degradation of PKCα in a phosphorylation- and proteasome-dependent manner. Similar deficits in PKCα expression and response sensitivity were observed in acute ocular hypertension and optic never crush models. In conclusion, we find that three separate experimental models of neurodegeneration, often used to specifically target RGCs, disrupt RBCs function prior to the loss of RGCs. Our findings provide useful information for developing new diagnostic tools and treatments for retinal ganglion cells degeneration disease.
The many substrates and functions of NEDD4-1
Authors: Huang Xi , Chen Jing , Cao Wen , Yang Li , Chen Qingxiao , He Jingsong , Yi Qing , Huang He , Zhang Enfan , Cai Zhen 
Published: December 2019

AbstractTumorigenesis, tumor growth, and prognosis are highly related to gene alterations and post-translational modifications (PTMs). Ubiquitination is a critical PTM that governs practically all aspects of cellular function. An increasing number of studies show that E3 ubiquitin ligases (E3s) are important enzymes in the process of ubiquitination that primarily determine substrate specificity and thus need to be tightly controlled. Among E3s, neural precursor cell expressed developmentally downregulated 4-1 (NEDD4-1) has been shown to play a critical role in modulating the proliferation, migration, and invasion of cancer cells and the sensitivity of cancer cells to anticancer therapies via regulating multiple substrates. This review discusses some significant discoveries on NEDD4-1 substrates and the signaling pathways in which NEDD4-1 participates. In addition, we introduce the latest potential therapeutic strategies that inhibit or activate NEDD4-1 activity using small molecules. NEDD4-1 likely acts as a novel drug target or diagnostic marker in the battle against cancer.
NEK7 interacts with NLRP3 to modulate the pyroptosis in inflammatory bowel disease via NF-κB signaling
Authors: Chen Xueliang , Liu Ganglei , Yuan Yuanyuan , Wu Guotao , Wang Shalong , Yuan Lianwen 
Published: December 2019

AbstractInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is one of the most common diseases in the gastrointestinal tract related to aberrant inflammation. Pyroptosis, which is characterized by inflammasome formation, the activation of caspase-1, and the separation of the N- and C-terminals of GSDMD, might be related to IBD pathogenesis. NEK7 is an important component of the NLRP3 inflammasome in macrophages. We attempted to investigate the mechanism of NEK7 interacting with NLRP3 to modulate the pyroptosis in IBD. NEK7 mRNA and protein expression and pyroptosis-associated factors, including Caspase-1 (p45, p20), NLRP3, and GSDMD, were upregulated in IBD tissues. NEK7 knockdown abolish ATP + LPS-induced pyroptosis in vitro and improved DSS-induced chronic colitis in vivo. NEK7 interacted with NLRP3, as revealed by Co-IP and GST pull-down assays, to exert its effects. Moreover, short-term LPS treatment alone induced no significant changes in NEK7 protein level. TLR4/NF-κB signaling in MODE-K cells could be activated by LPS treatment. LPS-induced NEK7 upregulation could be significantly reversed by JSH-23, an inhibitor of p65. Furthermore, LUC and ChIP assays revealed that RELA might activate the transcription of NEK7 via targeting its promoter region. LPS-induced TLR4/NF-κB activation causes an increase in NEK7 expression by RELA binding NEK7 promoter region. In conclusion, NEK7 interacts with NLRP3 to modulate NLRP3 inflammasome activation, therefore modulating the pyroptosis in MODE-K cells and DSS-induced chronic colitis in mice. We provide a novel mechanism of NEK7-NLRP3 interaction affecting IBD via pyroptosis.
Genome-wide transcriptome analysis reveals molecular pathways involved in leafy head formation of Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa)
Authors: Sun XiaoXue , Basnet Ram Kumar , Yan Zhichun , Bucher Johan , Cai Chengcheng , Zhao Jianjun , Bonnema Guusje 
Published: December 2019

AbstractChinese cabbage plants go through seedling and rosette stages before forming their leafy head. Chinese cabbage plants resemble pak-choi plants at their seedling stage, but in their rosette stage the leaves of Chinese cabbage differentiate, as they increase in size with shorter petioles. In order to understand the molecular pathways that play a role in leafy head formation, transcript abundance of young emerging leaves was profiled during development of two Chinese cabbage genotypes and a single pak-choi genotype. The two Chinese cabbages differed in many aspects, among others earliness, leaf size and shape, leaf numbers, and leafy head shape. Genome-wide transcriptome analysis clearly separated the seedling stages of all three genotypes together with the later stages from pak-choi, from the later developmental stages of both Chinese cabbages (rosette, folding, and heading). Weighted correlation network analysis and hierarchical clustering using Euclidean distances resulted in gene clusters with transcript abundance patterns distinguishing the two Chinese cabbages from pak-choi. Three clusters included genes with transcript abundance affected by both genotype and developmental stage, whereas two clusters showed only genotype effects. This included a genotype by developmental stage cluster highly enriched with the MapMan category photosynthesis, with high expression during rosette and folding in Chinese cabbages and low expression in the heading inner leaves that are not exposed to light. The other clusters contained many genes in the MapMan categories Cell, showing again differences between pak-choi and both Chinese cabbages. We discuss how this relates to the differences in leaf blade growth between Chinese cabbage and pak-choi, especially at the rosette stage. Overall, comparison of the transcriptome between leaves of two very different Chinese cabbages with pak-choi during plant development allowed the identification of specific gene categories associated with leafy head formation.