bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sensorimotor Behavior in Individuals With Autism Spectrum Disorder and Their Unaffected Biological Parents
Authors: Bojanek Erin K. , Kelly Shannon E. , Schmitt Lauren M. , Pulver Stormi L. , Sweeney John A. , Sprenger Andreas , Unruh Kathryn E. , Mosconi Matthew W. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTSensorimotor impairments are common in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and evident in unaffected first‐degree relatives, suggesting that they may serve as endophenotypes associated with inherited autism likelihood. We tested the familiality of sensorimotor impairments in autism across multiple motor behaviors and effector systems and in relation to parental broader autism phenotypic (BAP) characteristics. Fifty‐seven autistic individuals (probands), 109 parents, and 89 neurotypical control participants completed tests of manual motor and oculomotor control. Sensorimotor tests varied in their involvement of rapid, feedforward control and sustained, sensory feedback control processes. Subgroup analyses compared families with at least one parent showing BAP traits (BAP+) and those in which neither parent showed BAP traits (BAP−). Results show that probands with BAP− parents (BAP− probands) showed atypical control of rapid oculomotor behaviors, while BAP+ probands showed impairments of sustained manual motor and oculomotor behaviors compared to controls. BAP− parents showed impaired rapid oculomotor and sustained manual motor abilities relative to BAP+ parents and controls. Rapid oculomotor behaviors were highly intercorrelated among probands and their biological parents. These findings indicate that rapid oculomotor behaviors are selectively impacted in BAP− probands and their parents and may reflect a familial likelihood for autism independent of parental autistic traits. In contrast, sustained sensorimotor behaviors were affected in BAP+ probands and BAP− parents, suggesting separate familial pathways associated with autism. Finally, atypical saccade dynamics may serve as strong endophenotypes for autism. These findings provide new evidence that rapid and sustained sensorimotor alterations represent strong but separate familial pathways of inherited likelihood for autism.
Metalations on 2,2′‐bipyridine‐functionalized metal–organic frameworks for catalytic platforms
Authors: Kang Jiwon , Cha Seungheon , Ryu Jihun , An Byeongho , Lim Chaewon , Heo Yoonji , Choi Isaac , Kim Min 
Published: February 2025

Abstract2,2′‐Bipyridine (BPY) is a versatile organic ligand, well known for its strong metal‐chelating properties, which make it a crucial component in coordination chemistry. When integrated into metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), BPY significantly enhances the material's properties, particularly in catalysis, due to its ability to coordinate with a wide range of metal ions. This review focuses on the metalation of BPY‐incorporated MOFs (MOF‐BPYs), with an emphasis on the coordination of secondary metal cations at BPY sites. The metals are categorized into first‐, second‐ and third‐row transition metals, and other metals, highlighting key examples such as Pd, Mo, Cu, and Fe. The synergistic interactions between the metal centers and the MOF framework, which contribute to the enhanced catalytic performance of MOF‐BPYs, are explored in detail. The review also addresses mixed‐metal systems, emphasizing their unique properties and applications. Furthermore, strategies for metalation, including the pre‐functionalization of BPY prior to MOF synthesis and post‐synthetic modification, are critically examined. Finally, the stability of parent MOFs—particularly Zr‐based frameworks, known for their robustness—is discussed in relation to the overall performance of MOF‐BPY materials.
Unveiling the complexity of cellular senescence in cancers: From mechanism to therapeutic opportunities
Authors: Pan Qiuming , Zhu Ye , Ye Zhi , Zhang Huayang , Wang Junxi , Yi Guozhong , Li Zhiyong , Xu Rongyang , Wang Luyao , Wu Zhenzhen , Qi Songtao , Huang Guanglong , Qu Shanqiang 
Published: February 2025

AbstractCellular senescence is characterized by a sustained and irreversible cessation of cell proliferation in response to diverse environmental stimuli. However, senescent cells exhibit strong metabolic activity and release a range of cytokines and inflammatory mediators into the tumor microenvironment, collectively referred to as the senescence‐associated secretory phenotype (SASP). In recent years, to develop new therapies for cancers, researchers have conducted extensive studies on the mechanism of cancer cell senescence and revealed that induction of cancer cell senescence could effectively suppress cancer progression. However, it has been documented that cellular senescence not only inhibits cancer initiation but also contributes significantly to cancer progression in some cases. Hence, it is imperative to comprehend the correlation between cellular senescence and tumorigenesis, and discuss the potential utilization of cellular senescence mechanisms to suppress cancer progression, which lays a theoretical foundation for new drugs to treat cancers. In this review, we first provide an overview of the discovery of cellular senescence and its key milestone events. Meanwhile, this review examines the major stimulus for the induction of senescence, and provides an overview of the categorization of cellular senescence. Subsequently, an examination of the primary regulatory mechanisms of cellular senescence is discussed, followed by a summary of the control of the SASP expression and its dual biological roles in cancers. Additionally, we also provide an overview of common biomarkers utilized in the identification of cellular senescence. Finally, this review investigates the efficacy of the “One‐Two punch” sequential treatment approach for cancers, and examines the emerging challenges of this novel approach.
Cognitive Impairment in Chronic Kidney Disease Across Different Stages: The Role of Structural and Perfusion‐Driven Functional Connectivity Changes
Authors: Bai Xiaoyan , Song Lijun , Liu Xu , Yang Wenbo , Li Mingan , Xu Boyan , Yang Zhenghan , Wang Zhen‐Chang , Wang Hao 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionChronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with cognitive impairment (CI), yet the exact pathophysiological mechanisms remain unclear. This study aims to investigate the alterations in gray matter volume (GMV) and cerebral blood flow (CBF) across CKD stages, identify co‐changed brain regions, explore abnormal seed‐based functional connectivity (FC) in patients with CKD, and investigate the correlation between the abnormal brain regions and neuropsychological test scores.MethodsTwo hundred and eight participants (66 healthy controls, 70 CKD Stages 1–3a, and 72 CKD Stages 3b–5) were consecutively recruited and underwent high‐resolution T1‐weighted imaging, arterial spin labeling, and functional MR imaging. The imaging parameters were compared among three groups, and correlations with MoCA scores were analyzed.ResultsCompared to CKD 1–3a group, the bilateral fusiform gyrus (FFG.L and FFG.R) exhibited reduced GMV, increased CBF, and decreased FFG.L‐FC with bilateral inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part (IFGtriang.L and IFGtriang.R), left middle occipital gyrus (MOG.L), and left hippocampus (HIP.L), as well as decreased FFG.R‐FC with bilateral median cingulate and paracingulate gyri (DCG.L and DCG.R), left superior frontal gyrus, medial (SFGmed.L), IFGtriang.L, and right middle temporal gyrus (MTG.R) in CKD 3b–5 group. A negative correlation was observed between the MoCA scores and FFG.L‐FC with right middle frontal gyrus (MFG.R), IFGtriang.L, IFGtriang.R, HIP.L, and left putamen in patients with CKD 1–3a.ConclusionBrain structural and perfusion alterations may underlie the reduced FC between fusiform gyrus and cognitive‐related regions, providing potential neuroimaging evidence for the neuropathological mechanisms of CI in patients with different stages CKD.
Fractional Anisotropy of Cingulum Cingulate Mediates the Relationship Between Happiness and Work Performance in Healthy Individuals
Authors: Kokubun Keisuke , Nemoto Kiyotaka , Yamakawa Yoshinori 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionAs competition among companies around the world intensifies, the nature of work and the performance required are becoming more complex. In parallel with this, there is growing attention on happiness and well‐being as factors related to improving employee performance. However, little is known about the relationship between happiness and the brain and work performance in healthy people.MethodsTherefore, we analyzed the correlations between the nine categories of work role performance (WRP), the subjective happiness scale (SHS), and four regions of fractional anisotropy (FA), an index reflecting brain microstructure that has been shown to be related to apathy in previous studies.ResultsIt was shown that the cingulum cingulate (CCI) and the superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) correlated with the WRP and its facets in a manner consistent with their respective functions. In particular, the CCI was found to be extensively correlated with the facets of the WRP and to have a partially mediating effect on the relationship between the SHS and the WRP.ConclusionThis study is the first to show that indicators reflecting healthy individuals’ happiness and brain microstructure, which are related to a variety of nonwork factors, are positively correlated with the diverse roles and performance that characterize modern work.
Pharmacological Inhibition of β Myosin II Disrupts Sarcomere Assembly in Human iPSC‐Derived Cardiac Myocytes
Authors: Hayes James B. , Burnette Dylan T. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTSarcomeres are the fundamental contractile units of striated muscle. The functional roles of the cardiac‐specific myosin heavy chains, MYH6 (α myosin II) and MYH7 (β myosin II) during sarcomere assembly remain controversial. To address this, we utilized a selective MYH7 inhibitor, mavacamten, in combination with siRNA‐mediated knockdown of MYH6 or MYH7 in human induced pluripotent stem cell‐derived cardiomyocytes (hiCMs). Our results demonstrate that sarcomere assembly proceeds when either MYH6 or MYH7 is independently depleted, suggesting functional redundancy. However, pharmacological inhibition of MYH7 contractility by mavacamten disrupts sarcomere assembly in a concentration‐dependent manner. Sensitivity to mavacamten correlated with the relative abundance of MYH6 and MYH7: sarcomere assembly by MYH7‐enriched (i.e., MYH6‐depleted) hiCMs was more sensitive to mavacamten (IC50 = 0.1 μM), while assembly by MYH6‐enriched (i.e., MYH7‐depleted) hiCMs was less sensitive (IC50 = 0.5 μM). These findings suggest that MYH7‐mediated contractility is required for sarcomere assembly, but only when MYH7 is present within a cardiac myocyte. We conclude that the MYH7/MYH6 ratio impacts the susceptibility of sarcomere assembly to pharmacological inhibition.
Is There a Key Primer for Amplification of Core Land Plant DNA Barcode Regions (rbcL and matK)?
Authors: Corvalán Leonardo C. J. , de Melo‐Ximenes Amanda A. , Carvalho Larissa R. , e Silva‐Neto Carlos de M. , Diniz‐Filho José A. F. , Telles Mariana P. de C. , Nunes Rhewter 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe DNA barcode is a technique for molecular identification of species. Two core genes, matK and rbcL, are widely used for land plants. In this technique, the selection of primers is a fundamental step for the success of amplification. Then, we aim to evaluate the primer amplification capability for the DNA barcode regions rbcL and matK. We extracted primer sequences from DNA barcode studies in the Web of Science and used chloroplast genome sequences from NCBI for in silico PCR tests using OpenprimeR. Physicochemical properties of in silico PCR were evaluated using OpenprimeR. Our literature review resulted in 366 and 489 different rbcL and matK primers. These were tested in 8665 sequences, 8463 species from 98 orders. Evaluating only the primer and sequence match, the primers with the highest number of sequences covered were 96.39% and 93.81% forward and reverse for rbcL, and 91.56% and 61.62% forward and reverse for matK. No universal primer for all land plants was found, but two rbcL primer pairs could amplify > 99% of the sequences. In contrast to the results obtained for the matK region, the 10 pairs optimized for the greatest coverage of sequences were not covered by > 85% of the sequences. Therefore, it is advisable to pay attention when selecting primers for the matK region and the need to develop new primers. Here, we recommend a set of primers to cover the largest number of sequences and orders.
Urban Snowmelt Runoff Responses to the Temperature‐Hydraulic Conductivity Relation in a Cold Climate
Authors: Feng Youcan , Ma Donghe , Ma Zhenjie , Tian Lin , Gao Jinhua , Huang Xin , Xue Lijun 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTUrban winter runoff management was mainly regulated by temperature variations and the snow‐removing measures, but the underlying mechanism of the temperature‐hydraulic conductivity (T‐K) relation was seldom studied for urban environments and far from clearly understood. It is imperative to consider the T‐K relation for snowmelt runoff calculation especially when the compound effects with the snow‐removing measures and low impact development (LID) need to be considered. This work investigated the temperature regulation on urban infiltration and snowmelt runoff by a proposed modelling framework. A series of hydrologic model experiments revealed a crucial link between the hydraulic conductivity and snowmelt runoff emphasising the role of temperature in the partitioning between percolation and runoff. The inclusion of a T‐K relation in the SWMM model resulted in a 26.0%–37.1% decrease in infiltration and a 12.7%–25.8% increase in runoff. The effects of the T‐K relation were found to become more significant when the anthropogenic interventions such as snow‐clearing measures and LID were applied. After the T‐K mechanism was modelled, the infiltration and the runoff caused by the snow‐clearing measures were reduced by 33.7%–48.2% and raised by 19.7%–35.6%, respectively, and LID would further reduce infiltration by 46.2%–65.2% and increase runoff by 71.0%–105.2%. This study serves as one of the first a few attempts to improve the understanding of the freeze–thaw cycles of land surface in urban environments.
Identification of Natural Killer Cell‐Associated Clusters in Skin Melanoma and the Impact on Prognosis and Drug Sensitivity
Authors: Zhou Jun , Cai Renhui , Zhang Danqun , Chen Caifeng 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundSkin melanoma exhibits significant heterogeneity in clinical outcomes and treatment responses among patients. This study aimed to investigate natural killer (NK) cell clusters in skin melanoma, their impact on patient prognosis, and their value as biomarkers for tailoring treatment.MethodsWe used data from TCGA, GSE19234, GSE65904, GSE244982, and GSE78220. A gene classifier was developed to identify two distinct clusters of melanoma patients. Survival analysis, NK cell infiltration levels, and responses to immune and targeted therapies were evaluated.ResultsUnsupervised clustering revealed two distinct melanoma patient clusters with significant differences in NK cell activity and clinical outcomes. Cluster 1 showed higher NK cell infiltration, better overall survival (OS) (p < 0.0001), and greater activity in NK‐cell‐related pathways. In contrast, Cluster 2, characterized by lower NK cell activity and higher exhaustion markers, had poorer OS. Drug sensitivity analysis indicated that Cluster 1 was more responsive to most melanoma treatments, whereas Cluster 2 had higher sensitivity to trametinib (p < 0.001). The developed gene classifier had an AUC of 0.913 and effectively differentiated between clusters. Additionally, Cluster 1 showed better responses to immunotherapy with a higher rate of complete and partial responses (p < 0.001). These findings were validated in external databases.ConclusionThis study identifies two distinct NK‐cell‐related clusters in melanoma with differential prognoses and treatment responses. These findings underscore the importance of integrating NK‐cell‐related profiles into personalized treatment strategies, offering a pathway to optimize therapeutic outcomes based on specific immune profiles.
Deciphering the Molecular Mechanisms of HAART‐Induced Hepatotoxicity
Authors: Ezhilarasan Devaraj , Karthick Munusamy , Sharmila Muthusethupathi , Sanjay Somasundaram , Mani Uthirappan 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTHighly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), consisting of three or more antiretroviral drugs, is recommended for patients with HIV infection. HAART effectively reduces HIV RNA levels, lowers the risk of opportunistic infections, and improves immune function and survival rates. However, it is also associated with an increased risk of liver injury in HIV‐infected individuals. This review aims to summarize the mechanisms underlying HAART‐induced liver injury. A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed and EMBASE using keywords such as “Antiretroviral/ARV drugs and drug‐induced liver injury (DILI),” “HAART and DILI,” “Antiretroviral therapy and DILI,” and “HIV infection and DILI.” Relevant papers published before March 2024 were included. Experimental studies have demonstrated that zidovudine and efavirenz can cause structural alterations in mitochondria, impair the respiratory chain, generate free radicals, and deplete mitochondrial DNA, leading to oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress, as well as the accumulation of advanced glycation end products in liver tissue. Zidovudine disrupts lipid homeostasis by increasing fatty acid synthesis and reducing metabolism. Efavirenz and its metabolite, 8‐hydroxyefavirenz, induce hepatocellular death and activate proapoptotic markers through c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase signaling. Additionally, lamivudine has been shown to induce liver injury and oxidative stress in rats. Clinically, approximately 50% of HIV patients on HAART regimens containing non‐nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors experience mild to moderate liver injury. HAART regimens that include efavirenz, lamivudine, and tenofovir impair glucose and lipid homeostasis in rats, highlighting the need for caution in HIV patients with fatty liver disease. Patients with viral hepatitis coinfection, those taking antitubercular drugs or cotrimoxazole, and those on nevirapine‐containing regimens are at particularly high risk. Regular monitoring of liver function is essential to prevent liver damage associated with HAART in HIV‐infected patients. While HAART significantly improves survival rates in HIV patients, it also poses a considerable risk of liver injury, necessitating careful monitoring and management.
Efficacy of Lactobacillus reuteri Probiotic in the Bowel Preparation Regimen of Children Candidates for Colonoscopy
Authors: Rahmani Parisa , Ebrahimi Maryam , Rohani Pejman , Sohouli Mohammad Hassan , Magalhães Elma Izze da Silva 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveBowel preparation can directly affect the final outcome of a colonoscopy. However, limited studies have been conducted regarding the effect of probiotics on intestinal preparation. Thus, the present study aims to investigate the effect of Lactobacillus reuteri probiotics in the bowel preparation regimen of children who are candidates for colonoscopy.Methods and MaterialsIn this double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, randomized clinical trial, 84 colonoscopy candidate pediatric patients were enrolled. Patients were divided into two equal groups of 42 individuals. One group of patients underwent the bisacodyl, polyethylene glycol regimen 48 h before colonoscopy, as along with a placebo. The other group was administered L. reuteri 10 days before colonoscopy and also received bisacodyl and polyethylene glycol 48 h before the procedure. Then, the bowel preparation of the patients was assessed using the Boston Bowel Preparation Scale (BBPS).ResultsThe mean age of patients in the placebo and probiotic groups was 94.1 ± 43.8 and 111.2 ± 48.8 months, respectively (p = 0.10). The preparation of the left colon was not significantly different between the placebo and probiotic groups (p = 0.075). The effect of L. reuteri probiotic on the preparation of the right colon was excellent in 18 patients (42.86%) and good in 17 patients (40.47%). The preparation of the right colon was significantly different between the placebo and probiotic groups (p = 0.007). Based on the results, there was a significant association between the consumption of L. reuteri and placebo in the preparation of the transverse colon (p = 0.015).ConclusionProbiotic pretreatment as part of bowel preparation significantly improves visualization of the colonic mucosa during colonoscopy.
Number needed to treat for net clinical benefit of oral anticoagulants in Asian patients with atrial fibrillation
Authors: Krittayaphong Rungroj , Pumprueg Satchana , Yindeengam Ahthit , Lip Gregory Y. H. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundOral anticoagulants (OAC) can reduce ischemic stroke/systemic embolism (SSE) in patients with non‐valvular atrial fibrillation (AF) while increasing the risk of major bleeding. We aimed to analyze the number needed to treat for the net benefit (NNTnet) of warfarin and non‐vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs).MethodsWe analyzed the results from multicenter national AF registry from 27 hospitals in Thailand. Follow‐up data were collected every 6 months until 3 years. Main outcomes were SSE, major bleeding, and intracranial hemorrhage (ICH). NNT was calculated from the absolute risk reduction (ARR) of SSE or absolute risk increase (ARI) of major bleeding or ICH. We compared NNTnet of warfarin versus no OAC, NOACs versus no OAC, and NOACs versus warfarin. Warfarin was also categorized into time in therapeutic range (TTR) < and ≥65%.ResultsWe studied a total of 3405 patients (mean age 67.8 ± 11.3 years, 1424 (41.8%) were female). The incidence rates of SSE, major bleeding, and ICH were 1.51, 2.25, and 0.78 per 100 person‐years, respectively. Warfarin had negative NNTnet −37 compared to no OAC. NOACs had positive NNTnet 101 and 27 compared to no OACs and warfarin. Warfarin with TTR 65% had positive NNTnet 42 compared to no OAC. NOACs had comparable NNTnet as warfarin with TTR ≥65%.ConclusionWarfarin had a negative NNTnet compared to no OAC. Only warfarin with TTR 65% has positive NNTnet. NOACs had positive NNTnet compared to no OAC and when compared to warfarin.