bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and safety of tisagenlecleucel in Japanese adult patients with relapsed/refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Goto Hideki , Makita Shinichi , Kato Koji , Tokushige Kota , Fujita Taizo , Akashi Koichi , Izutsu Koji , Teshima Takanori 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Tisagenlecleucel demonstrated a high rate of durable response in adult patients with relapsed/refractory (r/r) diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) in the pivotal global phase 2 JULIET study. Here, we report the efficacy and safety of tisagenlecleucel in the Japanese subgroup.

Methods
JULIET (NCT02445248) is a single-arm, open-label, multicenter, phase 2 study involving adult patients with r/r DLBCL who either relapsed after or were ineligible for autologous stem cell transplant. Primary endpoint was best overall response rate (ORR; complete response [CR] + partial response [PR]) as judged by an independent review committee.

Results
In Japan, of 17 patients enrolled, 9 were infused with tisagenlecleucel and completed ≥ 3 months of follow-up. Best ORR was 77.8% (7/9; 95% confidence interval, 40.0–97.2), with 5 patients (55.6%) in CR and 2 (22.2%) in PR. Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) occurred in 6 patients (66.7%), with grade 3 CRS in 2 patients (Penn grading scale). Two patients received tocilizumab. Two deaths (22.2%) occurred more than 30 days after tisagenlecleucel infusion due to disease progression, neither of which were related to tisagenlecleucel.

Conclusion
Tisagenlecleucel showed a high best ORR with a manageable safety profile, thus offering a new treatment option in selected Japanese patients with r/r DLBCL.
Aging and disease-relevant gene products in the neuronal transcriptome of the great pond snail (Lymnaea stagnalis): a potential model of aging, age-related memory loss, and neurodegenerative diseases
Authors: Fodor István , Urbán Péter , Kemenes György , Koene Joris M. , Pirger Zsolt 
Published: May 2020

AbstractModelling of human aging, age-related memory loss, and neurodegenerative diseases has developed into a progressive area in invertebrate neuroscience. Gold standard molluscan neuroscience models such as the sea hare (Aplysia californica) and the great pond snail (Lymnaea stagnalis) have proven to be attractive alternatives for studying these processes. Until now, A. californica has been the workhorse due to the enormous set of publicly available transcriptome and genome data. However, with growing sequence data, L. stagnalis has started to catch up with A. californica in this respect. To contribute to this and inspire researchers to use molluscan species for modelling normal biological aging and/or neurodegenerative diseases, we sequenced the whole transcriptome of the central nervous system of L. stagnalis and screened for the evolutionary conserved homolog sequences involved in aging and neurodegenerative/other diseases. Several relevant molecules were identified, including for example gelsolin, presenilin, huntingtin, Parkinson disease protein 7/Protein deglycase DJ-1, and amyloid precursor protein, thus providing a stable genetic background for L. stagnalis in this field. Our study supports the notion that molluscan species are highly suitable for studying molecular, cellular, and circuit mechanisms of the mentioned neurophysiological and neuropathological processes.
Corrosive Control: State-Corporate and Gendered Harm in Bordered Britain
Authors: Canning Victoria 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAs gendered discourses around migration proliferate, research and practitioner focus is often trained on experiences of women in interpersonal capacities, primarily in regard to subjections to predominately male violence. Drawing on research in Britain and activist participation with women seeking asylum, this article expands this focus into the realm of state-corporate harms against women. Previous research demonstrates that immigration law and policy often work to minimalize autonomy at the ground level, and dependence on spousal visas or housing and finances can exacerbate dependence on men, including violent men. This article argues that this punitive landscape of Britain’s asylum system facilitates further violence against women seeking asylum, rather than ensuring protection. Moreover, harm isinflictedby the structures of coercive control set forth by the state and its amorphous relations with corporations. Such structures are largely manufactured by the British state, but increasingly enacted by its corporate allies. These environments, I argue, mirror those of domestically violent perpetrators and work to gradually corrode women’s autonomy and indeed sense of safety.
Global, regional and time-trend prevalence of central obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 13.2 million subjects
Authors: Wong Martin C. S. , Huang Junjie , Wang Jingxuan , Chan Paul S. F. , Lok Veeleah , Chen Xiao , Leung Colette , Wang Harry H. X. , Lao Xiang Qian , Zheng Zhi-Jie 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWe aimed to examine the global prevalences of central obesity according to age, sex, race, place of residence, geographical region, national income level, and the definitions of central obesity. MEDLINE and Embase were searched. Studies with sample size of ≥ 500 and investigated individuals aged ≥ 15 years were included. Metaprop (a Stata command) was adopted to conduct a meta-analysis of prevalence, and the Freeman-Tukey Double Arcsine Transformation was used to stabilize the variances. A random-effects model was used to evaluate the prevalence and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of central obesity. There were 288 studies involving 13,233,675 individuals in this analysis. The overall prevalence of central obesity was 41.5% (95% CI 39.9–43.2%). A higher prevalence was found in older individuals, female subjects, urban residents, Caucasians, and populations of higher income level countries. Regarding regional variations, the highest prevalence was found in Sothern America (55.1%, 95% CI 45.8–64.3%) and Central American (52.9%, 95% CI 32.7–72.7%). Its prevalence was rapidly rising from 1985 to 2014. From 1985–1999 to 2010–2014, younger subjects aged 15–40 years showed a more drastic rise in prevalence (16.3 to 33.9%) than subjects aged > 40 years (43.6 to 57.9%). Male individuals have a more drastic rise (25.3 to 41.6%) than females (38.6 to 49.7%). Major increasing in prevalence of the condition in the past three decades, particularly in certain subgroups. These findings could act as a useful reference to inform public health strategies to minimize the impact of central obesity on population health.
Environmental impacts associated with the production, use, and end-of-life of a woollen garment
Authors: Wiedemann S.G. , Biggs L. , Nebel B. , Bauch K. , Laitala K. , Klepp I.G. , Swan P.G. , Watson K. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Purpose
The textiles industry is a substantial contributor to environmental impacts through the production, processing, use, and end-of-life of garments. Wool is a high value, natural, and renewable fibre that is used to produce a wide range of garments, from active leisure wear to formal wear, and represents a small segment of the global fashion industry. Woollen garments are produced by long, global value chains extending from the production of ‘greasy’ wool on sheep farms, through processing to garment make-up, retail, consumer use, and end-of-life. To date, there have been limited life cycle assessment (LCA) studies on the environmental impacts of the full supply chain or use phase of garments, with the majority of wool LCA studies focusing on a segment of the supply chain. This study aimed to address this knowledge gap via a cradle-to-grave LCA of a woollen garment.

Methods
This study investigated greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, fossil fuel energy, and water stress associated with the production, use, and end-of-life of a lightweight woollen sweater (300-g wool), together with inventory results for freshwater consumption and land occupation. Primary datasets were used for the wool production and wool processing stages, while primary datasets relating to consumer garment use were supplemented with literature data. Impacts were calculated and reported per garment wear event.

Results and discussion
Impacts per wear were 0.17 (± 0.02) kg CO2-e GHG, 0.88 (± 0.18) MJ fossil energy, and 0.96 (± 0.42) H2O-e water stress. Fossil fuel energy was dominated by wool processing, with substantial contributions of energy also arising from retail and garment care. Greenhouse gas emissions from wool production (farming) contributed the highest proportion of impacts, followed by lower contributions from processing and garment care. Contributions to water stress varied less across the supply chain, with major contributions arising from production, processing, and garment use.

Conclusions
Opportunities to improve the efficiency of production, processing, and garment care exist, which could also reduce resource use and impacts from wool. However, the number of garment wear events and length of garment lifetime was found to be the most influential factor in determining garment impacts. This indicated that consumers have the largest capacity to influence the sustainability of their woollen garments by maximising the active garment lifespan which will reduce overall impacts.
Effects of IBA on rooting ability of Cinnamomum bodinieri citral type micro-shoots from transcriptomics analysis
Authors: Xiao Zufei , Jin Zhinong , Zhang Beihong , Li Feng , Yu Faxin , Zhang Haiyan , Lü Xiongwei , Zhang Jie 
Published: May 2020

AbstractCinnamomum bodinieri is a useful plant that could be improved by increasing its cultivation rate. To explore the optimal concentration of exogenously applied IBA for root formation and development in the C. bodinieri citral type, micro-shoots and the fresh tissues of their bases were subjected to morphological and transcriptome analyses, respectively. When plantedQuery on a rooting medium (1/2 MS) with 1.5 mg/L IBA for 25 days, the rooting rates and root numbers were significantly higher than those obtained with 0, 0.5, 1.0, or 2.0 mg/L IBA treatment. Transcriptome analyses conducted 0 day, 7 days, 11 days, and 14 days after planting in the optimal rooting medium demonstrated that the IBA modified the plant’s carbohydrate metabolism and auxin signaling pathway. The root-specific expressions of TIR1, GH3, and SAUR were up-expressed while AUX/IAA was repressed, which contributed to the formation of lateral root initiation sites and root cell elongation. At the same time, d-glucose synthesis increased and the accumulation of starch decreased as more carbohydrates were used to form and develop roots instead of being used for the rapid cell division required for shoot growth. This study identified the optimal rooting medium for the C. bodinieri citral type and determined the molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation of exogenously applied IBA during root formation and development at the transcriptional level.
Lightening the load: quantifying the potential for energy-efficient lighting to reduce peaks in electricity demand
Authors: Dortans Carsten , Jack Michael W. , Anderson Ben , Stephenson Janet 
Published: May 2020

AbstractOne of the key challenges to greater renewable electricity supplies is the temporal mismatch between non-dispatchable renewable sources and peaks in electricity demand. In addition, increased electrification coupled with the de-carbonisation of electricity generation is likely to increase the scale of demand peaks. This could force investment in carbon-intensive peaker generation or capital intensive storage capacity as well as additional transmission and distribution network capacity which may then be substantially underutilised. Whilst considerable effort has been devoted to testing a range of demand response interventions to reduce or shift consumption, less attention has been given to the ability of certain appliances to permanently reduce demand at peak through energy efficiency. In this paper, we use a published model of future energy-efficient lighting uptake together with multi-year measured lighting demand data from a sample of residential households to model the potential power (MW) and energy (MWh) reductions of a ‘business as usual’ rate of efficient lighting adoption. Our estimates suggest that whilst lighting comprises ~ 4% of overall New Zealand annual electricity consumption, it comprises up to 12% of evening peak electricity consumption in winter. As a result, we estimate that by 2029, more efficient residential lighting could reduce New Zealand’s total annual demand by 1 TWh and reduce the highest winter evening peaks (at 17:00) by at least 500 MW (9%). The winter evening demand reduction would be roughly equivalent to avoiding the need for additional generation capacity of the scale of New Zealand’s Huntly Power Stations 1–4 (coal/gas) plus the Stratford peaker plant (gas open-cycle) and has clear implications for any electricity system that is intending to transition towards ~ 100% renewable generation at least cost.
Evaluation of Fire Service Command Unit Trainings
Authors: Thielsch Meinald T. , Hadzihalilovic Dzenita 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe lack of routine and training of command units and emergency managers is among the main causes of suboptimal decisions and could lead to serious consequences. To ensure optimal standards of emergency management training, specific and valid evaluation tools are needed—but are lacking. Thus, the present study’s purpose is to validate instruments for the evaluation of tactical and strategic leader trainings, in particular command unit trainings, based on survey data of n = 288 German Command Unit members. Resulting questionnaires were named “FIRE-CU” (Feedback Instrument for Rescue forces Education – Command Unit) and “FIRE-CPX” (Feedback Instrument for Rescue forces Education – Command Post eXercise scale). Results of confirmatory factor analyses show a good fit for the postulated four-dimensional structure of process scales in the FIRE-CU (trainer’s behavior, structure, overextension, group), for the two-dimensional structure of outcome scales in the FIRE-CU (self-rated competence, transfer), and for the one-dimensional structure of the FIRE-CPX. Further, strong evidence is found for reliability as well as for convergent, divergent, and concurrent validity of both the FIRE-CU and FIRE-CPX. Implications for research and practical application are also discussed to enable broad applicability in various educational programs for public security and crisis management.
Proangiogenic Hypoxia-Mimicking Agents Attenuate Osteogenic Potential of Adipose Stem/Stromal Cells
Authors: Abu-Shahba Ahmed G. , Gebraad Arjen , Kaur Sippy , Paananen Riku O. , Peltoniemi Hilkka , Seppänen-Kaijansinkko Riitta , Mannerström Bettina 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND:
Insufficient vascularization hampers bone tissue engineering strategies for reconstructing large bone defects. Delivery of prolyl-hydroxylase inhibitors (PHIs) is an interesting approach to upregulate vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) by mimicking hypoxic stabilization of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1α). This study assessed two PHIs: dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG) and baicalein for their effects on human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (AT-MSCs).

METHODS:
Isolated AT-MSCs were characterized and treated with PHIs to assess the cellular proliferation response. Immunostaining and western-blots served to verify the HIF-1α stabilization response. The optimized concentrations for long-term treatment were tested for their effects on the cell cycle, apoptosis, cytokine secretion, and osteogenic differentiation of AT-MSCs. Gene expression levels were evaluated for alkaline phosphatase (ALPL), bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2), runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), secreted phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1), and collagen type I alpha 1 (COL1A1). In addition, stemness-related genes Kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4), Nanog homeobox (NANOG), and octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (OCT4) were assessed.

RESULTS:
PHIs stabilized HIF-1α in a dose-dependent manner and showed evident dose- and time dependent antiproliferative effects. With doses maintaining proliferation, DMOG and baicalein diminished the effect of osteogenic induction on the expression of RUNX2, ALPL, and COL1A1, and suppressed the formation of mineralized matrix. Suppressed osteogenic response of AT-MSCs was accompanied by an upregulation of stemness-related genes.

CONCLUSION:
PHIs significantly reduced the osteogenic differentiation of AT-MSCs and rather upregulated stemness-related genes. PHIs proangiogenic potential should be weighed against their longterm direct inhibitory effects on the osteogenic differentiation of AT-MSCs.
Effects of Topography and Modified Layer by Plasma-Shot Treatment on High-Speed Steel
Authors: Shibata Yorihito , Sakairi Yusuke , Shimada Keita , Mizutani Masayoshi , Kuriyagawa Tsunemoto 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn this study, plasma shot (PS) treatment was applied to high-speed steel (HSS) surfaces using a titanium carbide electrode to confirm the effect of discharge current (Ip) on the formation of a single dimple and analyze a modified layer. The roughness of modified surfaces increased when Ip increased, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry showed an increase in titanium atom density when Ip and electrode consumption volume (Ve) increased. A friction test confirmed that the modified surface’s friction was reduced by discharge dimples under low-load conditions. Vickers hardness test confirmed that the hardness of the modified surface was ~ 300–600 HV higher than that of an untreated HSS surface. Moreover, it increased with an increase in Ip. However, application of PS treatment to the edge of surfaces on the workpiece caused shape deterioration. The deterioration size of the edge of the modified layer increased when Ip increased. To solve this issue, we propose a novel method named position-adjusted PS (PA-PS) treatment. PA-PS treatment is used to adjust the end of the electrode in the order of tens of micrometers from the edge of the workpiece to avoid the deterioration of the edge form. Under Ip = 21 A, PA-PS formed a modified layer without deteriorating the edge shape of the workpiece, thus confirming the PS characteristics applied to HSS surfaces. Moreover, PA-PS treatment solved the shape deterioration of the edge on modified surfaces via PS treatment.
Development of 3‐D Rift Heterogeneity Through Fault Network Evolution
Authors: Naliboff J. B. , Glerum A. , Brune S. , Péron‐Pinvidic G. , Wrona T. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractObservations of rift and rifted margin architecture suggest that significant spatial and temporal structural heterogeneity develops during the multiphase evolution of continental rifting. Inheritance is often invoked to explain this heterogeneity, such as preexisting anisotropies in rock composition, rheology, and deformation. Here, we use high‐resolution 3‐D thermal‐mechanical numerical models of continental extension to demonstrate that rift‐parallel heterogeneity may develop solely through fault network evolution during the transition from distributed to localized deformation. In our models, the initial phase of distributed normal faulting is seeded through randomized initial strength perturbations in an otherwise laterally homogeneous lithosphere extending at a constant rate. Continued extension localizes deformation onto lithosphere‐scale faults, which are laterally offset by tens of km and discontinuous along‐strike. These results demonstrate that rift‐ and margin‐parallel heterogeneity of large‐scale fault patterns may in‐part be a natural byproduct of fault network coalescence.
Verifying Pore Network Models of Imbibition in Rocks Using Time‐Resolved Synchrotron Imaging
Authors: Bultreys Tom , Singh Kamaljit , Raeini Ali Q. , Ruspini Leonardo C. , Øren Pål‐Eric , Berg Steffen , Rücker Maja , Bijeljic Branko , Blunt Martin J. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAt the pore scale, slow invasion of a wetting fluid in porous materials is often modeled with quasi‐static approximations which only consider capillary forces in the form of simple pore‐filling rules. The appropriateness of this approximation, often applied in pore network models, is contested in the literature, reflecting the difficulty of predicting imbibition relative permeability with these models. However, validation by sole comparison to continuum‐scale experiments is prone to induce model overfitting. It has therefore remained unclear whether difficulties generalizing the model performance are caused by errors in the predicted filling sequence or by subsequent calculations. Here, we address this by examining whether such a model can predict the pore‐scale fluid distributions underlying the behavior at the continuum scale. To this end, we compare the fluid arrangement evolution measured in fast synchrotron micro‐CT experiments on two rock types to quasi‐static simulations which implement capillary‐dominated pore filling and snap‐off, including a sophisticated model for cooperative pore filling. The results indicate that such pore network models can, in principle, predict fluid distributions accurately enough to estimate upscaled flow properties of strongly wetted rocks at low capillary numbers.
Directions for Research on Climate and Conflict
Authors: Mach Katharine J. , Adger W. Neil , Buhaug Halvard , Burke Marshall , Fearon James D. , Field Christopher B. , Hendrix Cullen S. , Kraan Caroline M. , Maystadt Jean‐Francois , O'Loughlin John , Roessler Philip , Scheffran Jürgen , Schultz Kenneth A. , von Uexkull Nina 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe potential links between climate and conflict are well studied, yet disagreement about the specific mechanisms and their significance for societies persists. Here, we build on assessment of the relationship between climate and organized armed conflict to define crosscutting priorities for future directions of research. They include (1) deepening insight into climate‐conflict linkages and conditions under which they manifest, (2) ambitiously integrating research designs, (3) systematically exploring future risks and response options, responsive to ongoing decision‐making, and (4) evaluating the effectiveness of interventions to manage climate‐conflict links. The implications of this expanding scientific domain unfold in real time.
Global Model of Whistler Mode Chorus in the Near‐Equatorial Region (|λm|< 18°)
Authors: Meredith Nigel P. , Horne Richard B. , Shen Xiao‐Chen , Li Wen , Bortnik Jacob 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWe extend our database of whistler mode chorus, based on data from seven satellites, by including ∼3 years of data from Radiation Belt Storm Probes (RBSP)‐A and RBSP‐B and an additional ∼6 years of data from Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms (THEMIS)‐A, THEMIS‐D, and THEMIS‐E. The new database allows us to probe the near‐equatorial region in detail, revealing new features. In the equatorial source region, |λm|<6°, strong wave power is most extensive in the 0.1–0.4fce bands in the region 21–11 magnetic local time (MLT) from the plasmapause out to L∗ = 8 and beyond, especially near dawn. At higher frequencies, in the 0.4–0.6fce frequency bands, strong wave power is more tightly confined, typically being restricted to the postmidnight sector in the region 4<L∗<6. The global distribution of strong chorus wave power changes dramatically with increasing magnetic latitude, with strong chorus waves in the region 12<|λm|<18° predominantly observed at frequencies below 0.3fce in the prenoon sector, in the region 5<L∗<8.