bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive multi‐tissue epigenome atlas in sheep: A resource for complex traits, domestication, and breeding
Authors: Zhang Deyin , Cheng Jiangbo , Li Xiaolong , Huang Kai , Yuan Lvfeng , Zhao Yuan , Xu Dan , Zhang Yukun , Zhao Liming , Yang Xiaobin , Ma Zongwu , Xu Quanzhong , Li Chong , Wang Xiaojuan , Zheng Chen , Tang Defu , Nian Fang , Yue Xiangpeng , Li Wanhong , Tian Huibin , Weng Xiuxiu , Hu Peng , Feng Yuanqing , Kalds Peter , Jiang Zhihua , Zhao Yunxia , Zhang Xiaoxue , Li Fadi , Wang Weimin 
Published: December 2024

AbstractComprehensive functional genome annotation is crucial to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of agronomic traits in livestock, yet systematic functional annotation of the sheep genome is lacking. Here, we generated 92 transcriptomic and epigenomic data sets from nine major tissues, along with whole‐genome data from 2357 individuals across 29 breeds worldwide, and 4006 phenotypic data related to tail fat weight. We constructed the first multi‐tissue epigenome atlas in terms of functional elements, chromatin states, and their functions and explored the utility of the functional elements in interpreting phenotypic variation during sheep domestication and improvement. Particularly, we identified a total of 753,723 nonredundant functional elements, with over 60% being novel. We found tissue‐specific promoters and enhancers related to sensory abilities and immune response that were highly enriched in genomic regions influenced by domestication, while longissimus dorsi tissue‐specific active enhancers and tail fat tissue‐specific active promoters were highly enriched in genomic regions influenced by breeding and improvement. Notably, a variant, Chr13:51760995A>C, located in an enhancer region, was identified as a causal variant for tail fat deposition based on multi‐layered data sets. Overall, this research provides foundational resources and a successful case for future investigations of complex traits in sheep through the integration of multi‐omics data sets.
Digital Imaging of Peripheral Blood Smear With MC‐80 as a Screening Tool for Thalassemia
Authors: Chokchaipermpoonphol Peempol , Lamtanthong Satana , Nokkaew Sathaporn 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThalassemia, a genetic blood disorder, poses significant global health challenges, emphasizing the importance of accurate screening methods. Traditional diagnostic tools, such as osmotic fragility and dichlorophenolindophenol tests, along with blood indices, such as mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular hemoglobin, have limitations. Digital microscopy of peripheral blood smears is a promising alternative for objective quantification and standardization.MethodsBlood samples from 81 thalassemia screening‐negative and 41 screening‐positive individuals were analyzed using Mindray MC‐80 Digital Morphology.ResultsPre‐classification of red blood cell (RBC) morphology using Mindray MC‐80 revealed significant differences between the screening‐positive and screening‐negative groups. Various RBC morphologies demonstrated statistically significant variance, including hypochromic cells, schistocytes, elliptocytes, target cells, teardrop cells (p < 0.001), and ovalocytes (p = 0.002). However, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of these parameters was < 0.8, indicating a limited discriminatory power.ConclusionRBC morphology showed promise in detecting subtle changes associated with thalassemia. However, it may not be sufficient for accurate screening alone, highlighting the need for complementary diagnostic approaches.
A novel minimally invasive nonanatomical single‐bundle medial collateral ligament reconstruction technique with a short isometric construct Achilles tendon allograft: A surgical description with clinical and radiological outcomes in multiligament knee injury patients
Authors: Minator Sajjadi Mohammadreza , Mirahmadi Alireza , Alizad Vahid , Dabis Mohammedhasan , Saeidi Ali , Movahedinia Mohammad 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPurposeMultiligament knee injuries (MLKIs) involve various ligaments in the knee. Current double‐bundle anatomical reconstructions of the medial collateral ligament (MCL) increase the level of technical complexity, often resulting in the establishment of numerous bone tunnels and different fixation points with additional hardware. To overcome these limitations, we proposed a novel minimally invasive nonanatomical MCL reconstruction with one tibial tunnel in the metaphysis using Achilles allograft in the MLKI setting.MethodsIn a retrospective study, we enroled 24 patients with MLKIs who underwent a new single‐strand short isometric construct (SIC) nonanatomical MCL reconstruction during 2020 and 2021. We fixed an Achilles allograft in one tunnel in the distal femur on the medial epicondyle and one tunnel in the metaphyseal part of the tibia using interference screws at 2 cm below the joint line between the anatomical insertion of the superficial MCL and the posterior oblique ligament. The patients underwent clinical and radiological assessment at the last follow‐up, 1–2 years after the operation, including valgus stress radiographs, range of motion (ROM), Lysholm and International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) scores.ResultsThe mean postoperative IKDC score was 77.8 (range, 50.1–86.6). The mean Lysholm score was 84.1 ± 11.9 (range, 96–59). The medial knee widening difference (i.e., mean side‐to‐side difference under valgus stress x‐ray) was measured to be 1.2 mm on average. Only two patients (8%) had ROM limitation of 20° in knee flexion, one of which had surgery failure. Results showed a significant statistical difference between the patients' outcomes according to the number of involved ligaments.ConclusionsThis novel SIC‐like technique with a single tibial metaphyseal tunnel demonstrated satisfactory patient‐reported outcome measures, valgus stress radiographs, ROM and a low rate of knee stiffness and graft failure. While the number of injured ligaments in MLKI patients significantly influenced the outcomes, the results remained acceptable across all patients.Level of EvidenceLevel IV.
Three‐dimensional computerized tomography reconstruction‐based morphologic assessment of the coracoid process in an Asian population: Clinical implications for shoulder surgery
Authors: Ji Tongyue , Yan Su , Lu Chao , Shu Hao , Sun Luning 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPurposeTo assess coracoid process morphology in an Asian population using three‐dimensional (3D) computed tomography (CT) reconstruction and provide reference values for surgical treatment.MethodsData on demographic and shoulder CT characteristics were collected from 142 patients for 3D‐CT‐based scapular reconstruction. Ten coracoid morphological indicators and the glenoid width were measured. The morphology of the superior pillar and its undersurface were classified into common shapes. Statistical analyses included intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) analysis, Cohen's κ value, independent samples t test, Welch's t test, Mann–Whitney U test, Kruskal–Wallis test, Spearman and Pearson correlations, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and area under the curve (AUC) values. Relationships among the measured indicators, patient demographics (i.e., sex, age, height and weight) and superior pillar morphology were ascertained.ResultsThe intraobserver and interobserver ICC values were 0.924–0.980 and 0.906–0.962, respectively. For intraobserver and interobserver agreement, Cohen's κ values were 0.927–0.950 and 0.901–0.937, respectively. Significant sex differences in coracoid measurements were noted. Correlations were observed between the coracoid indicators and glenoid width, sex, height and weight (p < 0.05). ROC curve analysis identified height as a significant predictor of safe distance, with cutoff values of 160.5 and 170.5 cm (AUC = 0.82 and 0.83) for women and men, respectively. The superior pillar morphologies included violin (24.65%), long rod (21.13%), short rod (33.80%), trapezoidal (11.97%) and wedge (8.45%) shapes, with the undersurfaces categorized as straight (16.20%), arched (76.76%) and hooked (7.04%), with significant differences in pillar widths among the different morphological types (p < 0.05).ConclusionCoracoid morphology is crucial in the preoperative planning of given shoulder surgeries, with height and sex serving as key predictors of coracoid graft length. Consideration of variations in the superior pillar shape and undersurface of the coracoid could minimize surgical complications associated with special shoulder surgery.Level of EvidenceLevel IV case series with no comparison.
Optimizing learners on direct care teaching services: A qualitative study of hospitalist clinicians at 26 sites
Authors: Callister Catherine , Astik Gopi , Atkins R. Matthew , Alday Angela , Dayton Khooshbu , Keniston Angela , Linker Anne , McBeth Lauren , Merriman John , Westergaard Sara , Yu Amy , Auerbach Andrew , Burden Marisha 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundAcademic medical centers are experiencing rapid clinical growth which has outpaced traditional teaching services. Learners such as medical students, advanced practice provider fellows, and residents may be placed onto direct care teaching services (i.e., inpatient services where attendings provide both direct care to patients and supervise learners) creating potential challenges for attending physicians due to clinical demands.ObjectiveCharacterize the hospitalist experience with direct care teaching services.MethodsEmbedded mixed methods study with a 16‐question survey and semistructured focus groups using rapid qualitative methods.Setting and participantsVirtual focus groups in the Hospital Medicine Reengineering Network (HOMERuN). Main Outcome and measures: Qualitative themes.ResultsThirty‐eight hospitalist clinicians from 26 hospital systems across five geographic regions participated in the focus groups. Thirty‐four (89%) of participants responded to the survey and were predominantly physicians (97%). Most participants preferred traditional teaching services compared with direct care teaching services with 82% replying somewhat or to a great extent. Thematic analysis identified three themes: (1) Hospitalists prefer traditional teaching services in part due to a time and workload mismatch in direct care teaching services; (2) Adaptations can support attending physicians in direct care teaching services such as adjusting workloads based on the level of learners; and (3) Direct care teaching services were perceived to serve an important role by providing direct and personalized teaching, and offering teaching opportunities.ConclusionDirect care teaching services pose challenges given clinical workloads, time constraints for educational activities. Addressing these challenges may make these types of services more sustainable.
Association between ventricular arrhythmia (premature ventricular contractions burden and nonsustained ventricular tachycardia) and cardiovascular events in patients without structural heart disease
Authors: Ogiso Sho , Arita Takuto , Suzuki Shinya , Hirota Naomi , Yagi Naoharu , Otsuka Takayuki , Kishi Mikio , Kano Hiroto , Matsuno Shunsuke , Kato Yuko , Uejima Tokuhisa , Oikawa Yuji , Ako Junya , Yajima Junji , Yamashita Takeshi 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundPremature ventricular contractions (PVCs) and nonsustained ventricular tachycardia (NSVT) are common arrhythmias in cardiovascular clinical settings. However, the clinical significance of PVCs and NSVT in the absence of structural heart disease has not yet been fully elucidated. This study aimed to evaluate the association between PVCs, NSVT, and clinical outcomes.MethodsA study population of 26,117 patients was drawn from the Shinken Database established in June 2004. We enrolled 6332 patients without structural heart disease who underwent 24‐h Holter monitoring and were registered up to March 2019. We focused on ventricular arrhythmias and cardiovascular events in patients without structural heart diseases. The study population was divided by the number of baseline PVCs (PVCs: <1000 (n = 5507), 1000–9999 (n = 531), and 10 000 ≤(n = 294)). The study population was also divided according to the presence or absence of NSVT (n = 454 and n = 5878, respectively).ResultDuring the follow‐up period up to 3 years, there were 16 deaths, 24 heart failure‐related hospitalizations, 14 acute coronary syndromes, and 37 embolism events. The frequency of PVCs was not associated with mortality or heart failure. On the other hand, the presence of NSVT was significantly associated with heart failure hospitalization in a multivariate model (hazard ratio: 3.02; 95% CI: 1.03–8.83; p = .044).ConclusionIn patients without structural heart disease, NSVT was associated with a higher risk of heart failure hospitalization. Patients with NSVT but no structural heart diseases require careful follow‐up and management of heart failure risk factors.
The Role of Pulmonary Metastasectomy for Non‐Primary Lung Cancer: Umbrella Review of Meta‐Analyses
Authors: Woo Wongi , Park Brandon , Ahadi Awranoos , Chung Liam il‐young , Jung Chan Mi , Bharat Ankit , Chae Young Kwang 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackground and ObjectivesDue to heterogeneous characteristics of primary cancers, the efficacy of pulmonary metastasectomy (PM) in nonprimary lung cancers has not been investigated. This study aims to investigate the clinical outcomes of PM for non‐primary lung cancer.MethodsA systematic search for meta‐analyses on PM for nonprimary lung cancers was conducted, encompassing publications up to January 3, 2024. This included seven primary cancers: renal cell, breast, adrenocortical, head and neck cancers, melanoma, germ cell tumors, and sarcoma. Overall survival and recurrence rates post‐PM were assessed using random‐effect models.ResultsThis study included 16 systematic‐review articles and 101 individual studies, involving 10 277 patients who underwent PM for nonprimary lung cancer. About half of the patients (47.1%) presented with multiple metastasis, and complete resection achieved in 87.2% [95% CI: 83.0–90.8]. The pooled 5‐year overall survival rate post‐PM was 41.2% [95%CI: 37.1%–45.4%]. Patients with germ cell tumors demonstrated higher survival rate (p < 0.05), while melanoma exhibited the worst outcome (p < 0.05). During follow‐up, 57.6% [95% CI: 46.4–68.1] had recurrence; 48% of them had intrathoracic‐only recurrence.ConclusionThis study underscores the survival benefits associated with PM. Overall survival rates following PM did not differ based on primary cancer types. These findings highlight the importance of recognizing and incorporating PM into clinical practice when appropriate.
De‐Escalating Surgery in Merkel Cell Carcinoma With Clinical Nodal Disease
Authors: Shafique Neha , Ertmann Emily , Tortorello Gabriella N. , Sharon Cimarron E. , Karakousis Giorgos C. , Miura John T. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundMerkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a radiosensitive aggressive skin cancer that spreads via the lymphatics. There is uncertainty regarding the optimal management of the nodal basin for patients with MCC with clinically positive nodes. We study the efficacy of single node excision (SNE) as an alternative to a therapeutic lymph node dissection (TLND) in patients with limited nodal disease.MethodsWe performed a retrospective cohort study of patients with MCC with clinical nodal disease who underwent resection in the form of either SNE or TLND using the National Cancer Database. The association between type of surgery and overall survival (OS) was estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method and Cox proportional hazards modeling.Results1835 patients met all inclusion criteria with 281 patients undergoing SNE and the remainder undergoing TLND. Patients receiving SNE and TLND were equally likely to receive radiation to the nodal basin (SNE 44.5% vs. TLND 48.5%, p = 0.22). There was no difference in 5‐year OS between patients who received SNE versus TLND (SNE 43.9% vs. TLND 44.7%, p = 0.36). This persisted in a multivariable Cox proportional hazards model in which receipt of SNE remained not significantly associated with survival after adjusting for clinical and treatment factors including receipt of radiation (Hazard Ratio [HR] 1.17, 95% CI 0.96–1.42, p = 0.11). In patients undergoing SNE with radiation, 5‐year OS was 54.4% (95% CI 44.1–63.6).ConclusionsTLND is not associated with a survival advantage over SNE. Further prospective study into patterns of recurrence and safety of SNE is needed.
Validation of CLASS MRI for personalized ACL footprints identification
Authors: Thürig Grégoire , Usó Marc Barrera , Panadero‐Morales Raúl , Galley Julien , Schwab Joseph , Heimann Alexander , Tannast Moritz , Petek Daniel 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPurposeIn modern anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) surgery, the focus is usually on anatomical reconstruction to restore the natural kinematics of the knee. The individual optimal positioning of the ACL footprints (FPs) in primary surgery is still controversial and, especially in revision surgery, difficult to realize surgically. In this regard, a new MRI‐based sequence, the Compressed Lateral and anteroposterior Anatomic Systematic Sequence (CLASS) with marked femoral and tibial FPs as a template, could help. The purpose of this study was to (1) validate the reliability and reproducibility of the localization of femoral and tibial FPs of ACL in the generation of CLASS and (2) compare the identification of ACL FPs by CLASS with previously described methods.MethodsMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of uninjured knees from a predominantly young cohort is used to apply the CLASS algorithm. ACL FPs were subsequently identified by a board‐certified radiologist and an orthopaedic knee surgeon. Intraobserver reliability and interobserver reproducibility were assessed. Measurements of the ACL FPs according to established methods were performed and compared with the results from the literature.ResultsIdentification of ACL FPs and generation of CLASS images resulted in ‘almost perfect’ reliability and reproducibility. Most measurements also showed ‘almost perfect’ consistency. Statistical analysis showed significant variations between the deep‐shallow and high‐low positions when compared to the published literature.ConclusionsThe CLASS MRI sequence is a reliable and reproducible method for identifying ACL FPs. The observed variability in the location of the ACL FP underlines the importance of a patient‐specific surgical approach.Level of EvidenceLevel II.
Fixation of Takeuchi Type II/III lateral hinge fractures provides favourable stability of a medial open wedge high tibial osteotomy—A biomechanical study
Authors: Peez Christian , Deichsel Adrian , Zderic Ivan , Richards R. Geoff , Drenchev Ludmil , Skulev Hristo K. , Gueorguiev Boyko , Raschke Michael J. , Kittl Christoph , Herbst Elmar 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the biomechanical consequences of osteosynthesis of lateral hinge fractures (LHFs) in medial open wedge high tibial osteotomy (MOWHTO).MethodsSixteen fresh‐frozen human cadaveric proximal tibiae underwent MOWHTO fixed with an ipsilateral locking compression plate. The specimens were assigned to two clusters simulating LHFs according to the Takeuchi classification: (1) Type II fracture; and (2) Type III fracture. The following conditions were serially tested: (1) intact hinge; (2) fractured hinge; (3) screw fixation of the LHF; (4) staple fixation of the LHF; and (5) locking T‐plate fixation of the LHF. Each specimen was subjected to 10 cycles of axial compression load (720 N; 36 N/s), and internal and external rotational loads (10 N m; 1 N m/s), while capturing the interfragmentary movements via motion tracking.ResultsIn Takeuchi Type II fractures, osteosynthesis of the fractured hinge with staples or a plate significantly reduced fracture site displacement (p < 0.05) and significantly increased construct stiffness (p < 0.05) under axial and torsional loading, while only the plate restored intact torsional displacement (n.s.). For Takeuchi Type III fractures, both screw and plate fixation significantly reduced fracture site displacement (p < 0.05) and significantly increased construct stiffness (p < 0.05) under axial and torsional loading. Both techniques restored torsional stiffness in each rotational direction and torsional displacement in internal rotation (n.s.).ConclusionAdditional plate fixation of Takeuchi Type II fractures was the construct with the highest stiffness, restoring the axial and torsional stability to a MOWHTO with an intact hinge. Screw and plate fixation of Takeuchi Type III fractures provided equivalent stability and restored the torsional and axial stability of the MOWHTO. In case of a Takeuchi Type II or III fracture, surgeons should consider additional plate or screw osteosynthesis of the fractured hinge to best restore the stability of the MOWHTO, which may potentially reduce the risk of loss of correction and impaired bone healing.Level of EvidenceThere is no level of evidence as this study was an experimental laboratory study.
PDGPT: A large language model for acquiring phase diagram information in magnesium alloys
Authors: Yan Zini , Liang Hongyu , Wang Jingya , Zhang Hongbin , da Silva Alisson Kwiatkowski , Liang Shiyu , Rao Ziyuan , Zeng Xiaoqin 
Published: December 2024

AbstractMagnesium alloys, known for their lightweight advantages, are increasingly in demand across a range of applications, from aerospace to the automotive industry. With rising requirements for strength and corrosion resistance, the development of new magnesium alloy systems has become critical. Phase diagrams play a crucial role in guiding the magnesium alloy design by providing key insights into phase stability, composition, and temperature ranges, enabling the optimization of alloy properties and processing conditions. However, accessing and interpreting phase diagram data with thermodynamic calculation software can be complex and time‐consuming, often requiring intricate calculations and iterative refinement based on thermodynamic models. To address this challenge, we introduce PDGPT, a ChatGPT‐based large language model designed to streamline the acquisition of magnesium alloys Phase Diagram information with high efficiency and accuracy. Enhanced by prompt‐engineering, supervised fine‐tuning and retrieval‐augmented generation, PDGPT leverages the predictive and reasoning capabilities of large language models along with computational phase diagram data. By combining large language models with traditional phase diagram research tools, PDGPT not only improves the accessibility of critical phase diagram information but also sets the stage for future advancements in applying large language models to materials science.