bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Layer‐by‐layer self‐assembly of collagen and chitosan biomolecules on polyurethane films
Authors: Bahrami Narges , Nouri Khorasani Saied , Mahdavi Hamid , Khalili Shahla 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPolyurethane (PU) films used in wound dressing applications often have appropriate properties. Still, surface modification is necessary to increase the biocompatibility. In this research, the surface of the PU films was modified with collagen and chitosan biomolecules through layer by layer (LbL) self‐assembly process. The PU films were synthesized from castor oil and hexamethylene diisocyanate. Then, they were treated with low‐pressure nitrogen plasma to graft with poly(acrylic acid). Before performing the LbL process, the surfaces of the PU films were modified using three different reagents, including (A) NaOH solution, (B) EDC/NHS solution, or (C) hexamethylene diamine. Then, the collagen and chitosan deposited in three and five layers on the surface. The images of FESEM, confocal microscopy, and AFM showed that the best performance of the LbL deposition process was after the surface modification with hexamethylenediamine (HMDA). The MTT assay showed that the presence of these biomolecules had boosted the proliferation of fibroblast cells. Increasing the number of the deposited layer from three to five, decreased the cell viability and antibacterial activity of the films. The obtained results propose the modification with HMDA and the deposition of three layers of collagen and chitosan on the PU films to improve its biocompatibility.
Hyaluronan Degradation Promotes Cancer via Hippo‐YAP Signaling: An Intervention Point for Cancer Therapy
Authors: Ooki Takuya , Hatakeyama Masanori 
Published: May 2020

AbstractHigh‐molecular‐weight hyaluronan acts as a ligand of the tumor‐suppressive Hippo signal, whereas degradation of hyaluronan from a high‐molecular‐weight form to a low‐molecular‐weight forms by hyaluronidase 2 inhibits Hippo signal activation and thereby activates the pro‐oncogenic transcriptional coactivator yes‐associated protein (YAP), which creates a cancer‐predisposing microenvironment and drives neoplastic transformation of cells through both cell‐autonomous and non‐cell‐autonomous mechanisms. In fact, accumulation of low‐molecular‐weight hyaluronan in tissue stroma is observed in many types of cancers. Since inhibition of YAP activity suppresses tumor growth in vivo, pharmacological intervention of the Hippo‐YAP signal is an attractive approach for future drug development. In this review, pharmacological intervention of excessive hyaluronan degradation as a novel approach for inhibition of the Hippo‐YAP signal is also discussed. Development of hyaluronidase inhibitors may provide novel therapeutic strategies for human malignant tumors.
Testing against umbrella or tree orderings for binomial proportions with an adaptation of an insect resistance case
Authors: Franco‐Pereira A. M. , Nakas C. T. , Athanassiou C. G. , Pardo M. C. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAlternative hypotheses for order restrictions, such as umbrella or inverse umbrella (a.k.a tree) orderings, have been studied extensively in the literature, although less so when the studied response for each individual is the presence or absence of the event of interest. Two families of test statistics for solving the problem of testing against an umbrella or a tree ordering when the responses are binomial proportions are studied in this work and their asymptotic distributions are derived. A simulation study is conducted to compare the empirical power of some members of the derived families of test statistics with competing approaches. The methodology developed here was driven by an applied problem arising in stored products research where despite universal mortality in the case of doses of 1000 ppm of the insecticide phosphine, unexpected survival was noted at higher doses.
Anticancer targets and mechanisms of calycosin to treat nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Liu Fangxian , Pan Qijin , Wang Liangliang , Yi Shijiang , Liu Peng , Huang Wenjun 
Published: May 2020

AbstractCalycosin is a naturally occurring phytoestrogen, and it has the anti‐nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) action played by calycosin. However, the elaborate mechanisms of calycosin treating NPC remain to be unrevealed. In current report, a promising tool of network pharmacology method was used to uncover the anti‐NPC targets and therapeutic mechanisms played by calycosin. Furthermore, were conducted to validate the bioinformatic findings in human and preclinical studies. As results, the bioinformatic findings showed the core anti‐NPC targets played by calycosin included tumor protein p53 (TP53), mitogen‐activated protein kinase 14 (MAPK14), caspase 8 (CASP8), mitogen‐activated protein kinase 3 (MAPK3), caspase 3 (CASP3), receptor interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1), proto‐oncogene c (JUN), and estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1). Concurrently, the top 20 biological processes and top 20 pharmacological pathways of calycosin treating NPC were identified and illustrated. In clinical data, NPC samples showed up‐regulated expression of MAPK14, reduced TP53, and CASP8 expressions in comparison with those in non‐NPC controls. As revealed in experimental data, calycosin‐treated NPC cells resulted in reduced cell survival rate, increased cell apoptosis. In apoptosis‐specific staining, calycosin‐treated NPC cells exhibited elevated apoptotic cell number. Following the immunostaining assays, the results indicated increased TP53‐, CASP8‐positive cells, and reduced MAPK14‐positive cells in calycosin‐treated NPC cells and xenograft tumor sections. Altogether, the bioinformatic findings from network pharmacology reveal all core targets and mechanisms of calycosin treating NPC, and some of bioinformatic findings are identified using human and preclinical experiments. Notably, the screened biotargets may be potentially used to clinically treat NPC.
High‐efficient and synergetic antibacterial nanocomposite hydrogel with quaternized chitosan/Ag nanoparticles prepared by one‐pot UV photochemical synthesis
Authors: Xiao Xiaolin , Zhu Yuyuan , Liao Jiexin , Wang Tao , Sun Weixiang , Tong Zhen 
Published: May 2020

AbstractHydrogel dressings have significant advantages such as absorption of tissue exudate, maintenance of proper moist environment, and promotion of cell proliferation. However, facile preparation method and high‐efficient antibacterial hydrogel dressings are still a great challenge. In this study, a facile approach to prepare antibacterial nanocomposite hydrogel dressing to accelerate healing was explored. The hydrogels consisted of quaternized chitosan and chemically cross‐linked polyacrylamide, as well as silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) stabilized by chitosan. The synthesis of the hydrogels including the formation of AgNPs and polymerization of acrylamide was accomplished simultaneously under UV irradiation in 1 hour without adding initiator. The hydrogels showed favorable tensile strength of ∼100 kPa with elongation at break over 1000% and shear modulus of ∼104 Pa as well as suitable swelling ratio, which were appropriate for wound dressing. The combination of quaternized chitosan and AgNPs exhibited high‐efficient and synergetic antibacterial performance with low cytotoxicity. In vivo animal experiments showed that the hydrogel can effectively prevent wound infection and promote wound healing. This study provides a facile method to produce antibacterial hydrogel wound dressing materials.
Comparison of rotational and orbital atherectomy for the treatment of calcific coronary lesions: Insights from the VA clinical assessment reporting and tracking (CART) program
Authors: Barrett Christopher , Warsavage Theodore , Kovach Christopher , McGuinn Erin , Plomondon Mary E. , Armstrong Ehrin J. , Waldo Stephen W. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies suggested that pre‐treatment of coronary artery calcification (CAC) with rotational atherectomy (RA) prior to stent deployment improved procedural success but was not associated with a concomitant improvement in clinical outcomes. Orbital atherectomy (OA) has demonstrated similar benefits, though there are few data comparing the safety and efficacy of the two modalities.MethodsPatients who underwent PCI of a native coronary lesion with RA or OA from 2014 to 2018 within the Veterans Affairs Healthcare System were identified. Propensity matched cohorts were generated to compare the clinical and safety outcomes following either RA or OA. The primary endpoint was the rate of 30‐day major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE), including all‐cause mortality, repeat myocardial infarction, target vessel revascularization, and stroke.ResultsWe identified 1,091 patients that underwent atherectomy during the study period, 640 (59%) treated with RA and 451 (41%) treated with OA. Among a propensity‐matched cohort consisting of 950 patients, there was no significant difference in MACCE for patients who underwent RA or OA (7.1 vs. 8.2%, p = .36). Components of the primary outcome including 30‐day mortality, myocardial infarction, target vessel revascularization, and stroke were also similar in the matched cohort. Additionally, procedural complications including perforation, no‐reflow, dissection, and in‐stent thrombosis were comparable across both treatment strategies.ConclusionsBoth rotational and orbital atherectomy are safe and effective strategies for the treatment of calcified coronary plaque prior to stent deployment, with similarly low rates of peri‐procedural adverse events.
Prompt treatment of disseminated HSV‐2 infection in a patient with compromised cellular immunity: A case of aborted hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis?
Authors: Tsimpidakis Antonios , Tsilingiris Dimitrios , Remountaki Eleni , Zouridaki Eftychia , Rigopoulos Dimitrios , Nicolaidou Electra 
Published: May 2020

AbstractRecognition of unusual manifestations such as disseminated HSV or HSV‐related hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis among individuals with impaired cellular immunity and prompt treatment initiation are essential for a favorable outcome.
The Structure and Liquid Flow Effect of Melt during NaCl Crystal Growth
Authors: Li Yongtao , Li Yongju , Yang Zhenxiao , Zhang Xuejian , Zeng Fanming , Li Chun , Lin Hai , Su Zhongmin , Mahadevan Chelliah Kamalakshiammal , Liu Jinghe 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe quasi‐lattice model of NaCl melt is proposed by the ion movement characteristics, melt structure, and radial distribution function of ions, which is composed of regular and irregular regions. These regions are connected by an irregular interface with a thickness of several sublayers, and the ions on the interface are continuously and rapidly transferred. The mixed transmission kinetic equation of NaCl melt is analyzed theoretically by using the heat transfer equation and hydrodynamic equation. The liquid flow effect of NaCl melt and the temperature distribution in crystal are analyzed according to the numerical results. It is found that the shape of a solid–liquid interface will change with the rotation rate or diameter increase. The related properties of the NaCl melt are calculated. These studies of the NaCl melt provide theoretical support to a further study on crystal growth, other alkali halide, and alkaline earth metal halide melt.
Research on spiking rat EPO as internal standard in doping control samples for detection of EPO using SAR‐PAGE analysis with biotinylated primary antibody
Authors: Zhou Xinmiao , He Sen , Zhang Lisi , Shen Li , He Chunji 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAccording to the current Technical Document (TD) for erythropoietin (EPO), SAR‐PAGE is the most commonly applied method for both screening and confirmation procedures. Although this method is effective and robust, it lacks an internal standard (IS) to monitor the efficiency of analysis for each sample covering every step of the whole procedure, including preparation, immunopurification, and western blotting. This internal standard needs to be recognized by both anti‐EPO antibodies used for immunopurification and western blotting, respectively. Besides that, the band of IS could not be allowed to interfere with the recognition of all types of targeted EPO and analogs. To meet these two principles, rat EPO was selected. In this study, rat EPO was used to spike both urine and blood samples at the beginning of analysis. After preparation and immunopurification, single blotting was performed with biotinylated AE7A5 as the primary antibody, followed by incubation with streptavidin‐coupled HRP. Based on the comparison of different immunopurification methods, the AB‐286‐NA antibody coupled to M‐280 magnetic beads was the better choice for urine samples, whereas the MAIIA column was suitable for blood samples. All these methods were validated for selectivity, repeatability, and sensitivity. The modified method in this study could not only eliminate the cross‐reactivity between antibodies but also monitor the whole procedure of the analysis of EPO with spiked rat EPO. Besides that, rat EPO could also be used as an indicator for monitoring the presence of protease(s) in urine samples.
Quantification and validation of nine nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs in equine urine using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry for doping control
Authors: Göktaş Eylem Funda , Kabil Erol , Arıöz Filiz 
Published: May 2020

AbstractNonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly used in therapeutic doses in human and veterinary medicine for the treatment of inflammation, pain, and fever. A method for the simultaneous determination of nine NSAIDs, known as therapeutic prohibited substances, in equine urine was developed and fully validated according to the European Commission Decision 2002/657/EC and Association of Official Racing Chemists criteria. The validation was performed for naproxen, flunixin, ketoprofen, diclofenac, eltenac, meclofenamic acid, phenylbutazone, vedaprofen, and carprofen in equine urine in accordance with the International Screening Limits (ISL) regulated by International Federation of Horseracing Authorities. After basic hydrolysis, samples were extracted with a C18 cartridge using automated solid‐phase extraction. Several derivatization reagents were investigated, and trimethylphenylammonium hydroxide/methanol (20/80, v/v) was selected. Analyses were carried out using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry with selected ion monitoring mode, but the method can be applied to a large number of analytes. The within‐laboratory reproducibility was not more than 12.8% (≤15%), and mean relative recoveries ranged from 91.1% to 104.1% for inter‐day and intra‐day precision. The decision limits (CCα) and detection capabilities (CCβ) were evaluated at concentrations near the ISL for each therapeutic substance. The validation results demonstrated that the method is highly reproducible, easily applicable, and suitable for the analysis of some NSAIDs in equine urine that have not been previously published. Finally, the method was also applied to known positive samples.
Digital technology can revolutionize mental health services delivery: The COVID‐19 crisis as a catalyst for change
Authors: Taylor C. Barr , Fitzsimmons‐Craft Ellen E. , Graham Andrea K. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe unprecedented COVID‐19 crisis presents an imperative for mental health care systems to make digital mental health interventions a routine part of care. Already because of COVID‐19, many therapists have rapidly moved to using telehealth in place of in‐person contact. In response to this shift, Waller and colleagues compiled a series of expert recommendations to help clinicians pivot to delivering teletherapy to address eating disorders during COVID‐19. However, numerous barriers still impede widespread adoption and implementation of digital interventions. In this commentary, we aim to extend the recommendations for clinicians offered by Waller and colleagues by presenting a roadmap of the systems‐ and policy‐level requirements that are needed. We advocate for addressing barriers associated with training, licensing, safety, privacy, payment, and evaluation, as these factors have greatly limited use of these promising interventions. We also indicate that longer‐term goals should include introducing truly innovative digital mental health practices, such as stepped‐care models and simultaneously providing preventive and self‐management services in addition to clinical services, into the health care system. Now is the time to catalyze change and comprehensively address the barriers that have prevented widespread delivery of these efficacious digital services to the millions of people who would benefit.
Fermentation Improves Calcium Bioavailability in Moringa oleifera leaves and Prevents Bone Loss in Calcium‐deficient Rats
Authors: Dai Jiahe , Tao Liang , Shi Chongyin , Yang Shuwen , Li Depeng , Sheng Jun , Tian Yang 
Published: May 2020

AbstractNowadays, there is an increasing demand of healthier plant calcium supplements. Moringa oleifera leaves (MOL) are rich in calcium and thus are promising candidates for developing efficient calcium supplements. Here, using fermentation‐based approaches, we developed a Moringa oleifera leaf ferment (MOLF), which contents higher levels of calcium. The therapeutic potential of the MOLF was also examined both in vitro and in vivo. Nine lactic acid bacteria and four yeasts were tested for better fermentation of MOL. Calcium‐deficient rats were used for evaluating the therapeutic effects of MOLF. The results of liquid fermentation showed that the mixture of Lactobacillus reuteri, Lactobacillus acidophilus, and Candida utilis elevated the content of MOL calcium most strikingly, with the content of calcium increased nearly 2.4‐fold (from 2.08% to 4.90%). The resulting MOLF was then subjected to cell experiments and animal experiments. The results showed that calcium absorption in Caco‐2 cells in MOLF group was higher than that in CaCl2 group significantly. Interestingly, in calcium‐deficient rats, MOLF treatment significantly increased the thickness of cortical bone, rat body weight, wet weight of the femur, and the femur bone density, whereas it decreased osteoclast numbers. These results indicate that microbial fermentation increased calcium bioavailability of MOL, promote the growth and development of calcium‐deficient rats, bone calcium deposition, and bone growth; enhance bone strength; reduce bone resorption; and prevent calcium deficiency.
Profiling global cancer incidence and mortality by socioeconomic development
Authors: Lortet‐Tieulent Joannie , Georges Damien , Bray Freddie , Vaccarella Salvatore 
Published: May 2020

AbstractEconomic and living conditions have improved over time in most countries, although often in association with detrimental lifestyle and environmental changes that are major determinants of cancer. In this ecological study, we assess the association between national socioeconomic levels and incidence and mortality rates for all cancers combined and 27 cancer types, in 175 countries. We obtained national level cancer incidence and mortality estimates for 2018 from GLOBOCAN and computed an index of socioeconomic development based on national education and income levels extracted from the United Nations Development Programme. Cancer incidence rates are strongly positively associated with the national socioeconomic level for all cancers combined and for a large number of cancer types, in both sexes. Conversely, the association between socioeconomic development and cancer mortality rates is less clear. The most common pattern for type‐specific cancers is an increasing incidence rate with a relatively stable mortality rate as socioeconomic development increases. Despite the high incidence rates for many cancer types, mortality rates are relatively low in high‐income countries, partly due to the availability of early detection and effective treatments. As socioeconomic development continues to rise, countries with currently low‐ and medium‐development levels may experience large increases in the incidence of several cancers. Given the limited resources and lack of infrastructure, increases in incidence rates in low‐income countries will likely be paralleled by increases in mortality rates. Efforts to plan, implement and evaluate prevention programs must therefore be considered as greater priorities in Low‐ and Middle‐income countries.
Risk of QTc prolongation among cancer patients treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors
Authors: Abu Rmilah Anan A. , Lin Grace , Begna Kebede H. , Friedman Paul A. , Herrmann Joerg 
Published: May 2020

AbstractQTc interval prolongation can lead to life‐threatening complications such as Torsade de Pointes (TdP), ventricular tachycardia (VT) and sudden cardiac death (SCD). It can occur with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) but comparative real‐world analyses on the incidence and complication rates are scarce. We retrospectively reviewed all cancer patients treated with TKI therapy at Mayo Clinic between January 2005 and December 2018 and had at least two ECGs (before and after TKI). For each TKI type, we determined the administration rate and incidence of QTc prolongation. QTc prolongation was defined as a corrected QT interval (by Fridericia formula) ≥450 ms in men and ≥470 ms in women. A total of 618 cancer patients were included with 902 TKI administrations, of which 654 (72.5%) were accounted for by pazopanib, sunitinib, imatinib, nilotinib and dasatinib. QTc prolongation (any grade) was reported in 28.8%, most commonly with nilotinib (38.7%) and dasatinib (41.7%). A QTc interval ≥500 ms and a QTc increase ≥60 ms was documented in 46 and 63 administrations, respectively. Life‐threatening toxicity was seen in 14 cases (5.4% of QTc prolongation cases) including VT in 9, SCD in 3 and TdP in two administrations. The response to QTc prolongation was: discontinuation in 68%, dose reduction in 13.5%, temporary hold in 8.1% and no action in 10.4%. In conclusion, QTc prolongation with TKI therapy is very common (∼1/3 of cases) and in 5% (1.7% overall) associated with life‐threatening complications. These data support recommendations for careful ECG monitoring in cancer patients undergoing TKI therapy.
Long intergenic noncoding RNA 00021 promotes glioblastoma temozolomide resistance by epigenetically silencing p21 through Notch pathway
Authors: Zhang Shitao , Guo Shiwen , Liang Chen , Lian Minxue 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIncreasing findings are suggesting the vital roles of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the glioblastoma tumorigenesis. However, whether the novel lncRNA LINC00021 modulates temozolomide (TMZ) resistance of glioblastoma is still unclear. Clinically, lncRNA LINC00021 was significantly up‐regulated in glioblastoma, especially the TMZ‐resistant tissue and cells, and the LINC00021 overexpression was closely correlated to TMZ resistance and unfavorable prognosis. Functionally, LINC00021 positively promoted the TMZ resistance and reduced apoptosis. Mechanistically, transcription factor E2F1 activated the expression of LINC00021. Moreover, LINC00021 regulated the glioblastoma TMZ resistance through Notch pathway and epigenetically silenced p21 expression via recruiting EZH2. Collectively, present research indicates the critical roles of lncRNA LINC00021 in glioblastoma genesis, providing a novel insight for TMZ resistance in glioblastoma.