bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patients’ perspective of telephone visits during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Locke Jennifer , Herschorn Sender , Neu Sarah , Klotz Laurence , Kodama Ron , Carr Lesley 
Published: June 2020

Introduction: With the cessation of non-urgent clinical office visits due to the coronavirus, there has been a rapid shift to telephone and other virtual visits in outpatient practice. We conducted a survey to evaluate patients’ perspective of telephone visits during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: Patients receiving a scheduled telephone call, as a virtual visit, from urologists at our clinic were asked to participate in a three-minute, self-administered, online questionnaire. After verbal permission was obtained, the survey was emailed to each participant. The outcomes evaluated were telephone visit satisfaction and preference for type of appointment. Non-parametric tests were used to analyze the results. The study was approved by the Sunnybrook Research Ethics Board.
Results: A total of 102 participants were included; 96% of participants assessed the telephone visit as a positive experience in every survey question, while 45% expressed no preference. In those who expressed a preference, this was evenly divided between in-office visits and phone visits (p=0.0614). Participants who lived more than 75 km from the hospital were less likely to prefer an in-office visit compared to those residing locally (U=433; p=0.006; odds ratio 0.29; 95% confidence interval 0.106–0.779; p=0.0142).
Conclusions: In this survey, most participants assessed the telephone visit positively. Almost half had no preference and a similar proportion expressed a preference for in-office and telephone visits. Patients who resided farther from the hospital were more likely to prefer the telephone visit. This is the first study that we know of to assess patients’ preferences regarding remote encounters in urology.
Diagnosis and Treatment of Midface Trauma in the Context of Polytrauma: Characteristics during COVID-19 Pandemic Conditions
Authors: Vrinceanu Daniela , Banica Bogdan , Dumitru Mihai 
Published: June 2020

Midfacial trauma is never an immediate therapeutic emergency excepting cases with nasal bleeding and risk of aspiration or requiring a permeable airway that will allow intubation when appropriate. The patient with polytraumas and midfacial fractures who needs ear, nose, and throat (ENT) or oral and maxillofacial (OMF) surgery should be reassessed at 24 and 48 hours to determine the optimal operating time. The surgical indication should be established according to esthetic and functional deficits. We consider that the optimal operative moment for the lesions of the midface is at 4–5 days after the trauma, under the conditions of a stable hemodynamic, respiratory, and afebrile patient. We propose the schematic presentation of the principles of diagnosis and treatment for midface trauma. We will discuss also some aspects of midfacial trauma during coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic conditions. We must assume every patient with polytrauma as a COVID-19-positive patient. So, it is necessary to have a special circuit for a suspect COVID-19 polytrauma patient between emergency room (ER) department, operating room, and intensive care unit (ICU). All medical team must wear high-level personal protective equipment (PPE) during emergency treatment of a craniofacial trauma in the context of polytrauma until we get the result of RT-PCR testing.
La comunicación como factor de éxito en la Empresa Familiar. Análisis de 40 testimonios del empresariado sobre aspectos clave de la gestión
Authors: Armendariz Enrique 
Published: June 2020

The Family Business, as a phenomenon that explains the economic dynamism of the countries, has been studied from several points of view, standing out among them the Succession, the Corporate Governance or the factors that condition its Competitiveness. On the other hand, there are fewer specific studies about organization´s vision relating Communication Management and its impact on the achievement of success.
The study aims to determine whether the concept of communication is considered by family entrepreneurs as a key success factor within their general vision of management and strategy. And subject to it, it tries to unravel the vision that businessmen and businesswomen have in the field of Communication from the terms related to this matter that they use most in their testimonies. Likewise, the work proceeds to characterize the different roles that these business leaders confer on Communication from the instrumental point of view, as a tool that contributes to solving specific aspects of management.
The research is based on a review of the literature generated by scholars in the field of Intangible Resources and Business Reputation. It´s also focused on the analysis referred to the phenomenon known as the Family Business. From this theoretical framework, the object of study is based on the stories or testimonies of the forty businessmen collected over almost 800 pages in the two volumes that set up the work of KPMG entitled Those who leave their mark. The content and speech analysis techniques are used for their study.
The work confirms the importance of Communication in the transmission of the values that guide the activity of companies and make a difference with respect to their key competitors; hence, the intangibles that contribute to the configuration of business reputation. Likewise, based on the businessmen's own testimonies, the instrumental functions that businessmen confer on Communication for the achievement of	their corporate and business objectives are identified.
As highlight in the study, the management of business intangibles is one of the latest and most important innovations in modern business management, and its leading role is the result of the evolution of strategic management towards new value niches within companies and its Communication´s development. Besides, in recent years, Communication has shifted its focus from the product to the brand, image and reputation of the companies.
Furthermore, within the resources included in the category of intangibles, reputation has become the real territory in which companies compete to win the favour of their clients and consolidate their position in the markets. This relevance acquired by reputation has led some authors to speak of the “reputation economy” to refer to the new economic and social paradigm in which we find ourselves.
Utility of Immunohistochemistry for MUC4 and GATA3 to Aid in the Distinction of Pleural Sarcomatoid Mesothelioma From Pulmonary Sarcomatoid Carcinoma
Authors: Terra Simone B.S.P. , Roden Anja C , Aubry Marie Christine , Yi Eunhee S. (Joanne) , Boland Jennifer M. 
Published: June 2020

Context.—
Distinguishing pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma from pleural sarcomatoid mesothelioma is challenging because of overlapping histology, immunophenotype, and clinical features. Reliable immunohistochemical markers to aid in this distinction would be very valuable. Recent studies have proposed that MUC4 expression is common in sarcomatoid carcinoma but not in sarcomatoid mesothelioma, with the converse pattern reported for GATA3.

Objective.—
To further explore the utility of MUC4 and GATA3 in distinguishing pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma from sarcomatoid mesothelioma.

Design.—
Well-characterized cases of sarcomatoid carcinoma (n = 32) and sarcomatoid mesothelioma (n = 64) were included. Diagnoses were confirmed by thoracic pathologists with incorporation of immunophenotype, clinical, and radiographic features. Whole-tissue sections were stained for GATA3 and MUC4.

Results.—
Patients with sarcomatoid carcinoma and sarcomatoid mesothelioma had similar mean age and male predominance. GATA3 was positive in 63 of 64 sarcomatoid mesotheliomas (98%; 42 diffuse, 16 patchy, 5 focal), and 15 of 32 sarcomatoid carcinomas (47%; 3 diffuse, 8 patchy, 4 focal). MUC4 was positive in 2 of 64 sarcomatoid mesotheliomas (3%; 1 patchy, 1 focal), and in 12 of 32 sarcomatoid carcinomas (38%; 5 diffuse, 6 patchy, 1 focal).

Conclusions.—
Diffuse GATA3 expression favors sarcomatoid mesothelioma over sarcomatoid carcinoma, which rarely shows diffuse expression (sensitivity and specificity of diffuse staining 66% and 94%, respectively). Focal and patchy GATA3 expression is observed in both tumor types, and therefore is not helpful in this distinction. Sensitivity of MUC4 for sarcomatoid carcinoma was low in our cohort, positive in only 38% with frequent patchy staining, but it was quite specific.
Characterization of congenital syphilis cases with emphasis on the therapeutic scheme in a philanthropic maternity hospital in Espírito Santo
Authors: Ferro Renata Pereira , Macedo Laylla Ribeiro , Macedo Mariana Ribeiro , Cosson Ionar Cilene de Oliveira , Santos Jaçamar Aldenora dos , Carvalho Julia Santos , Macedo Cristina Ribeiro 
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Syphilis is still a worldwide problem; with approximately 12 million people infected every year. Over the last decade, Brazil had an increment in the number of cases. The year 2016 reported 37,436 cases of syphilis in pregnant women and 20,474 cases of congenital syphilis, with 185 deaths. The Southeast region reached the highest numbers, especially in the state of Espírito Santo with high rates in pregnant women, being the third highest incidence rate in the country with 10.4 cases/1,000 live births, above the national average of 6.8 cases/1,000 live births.
Objective: Describe the therapeutic treatment of children affected with congenital syphilis as well as the clinical, radiological and laboratory changes associated to this disease.
Methods: Retrospective, descriptive, exploratory, quantitative study, based on 204 notification forms of congenital syphilis from January 2016 to December 2017.
Results: The findings showed that 88.7% of the puerperal women performed prenatal care. Regarding newborns, 85.3% were asymptomatic. When analyzing the therapeutic regimen instituted, 22.5% used procaine Penicillin G, 22.5% crystalline Penicillin G and 20.6% benzathine Penicillin G.
Conclusion: The treatment instituted by this philanthropic maternity for newborns with congenital syphilis is in line with the guidelines proposed by the Ministry of Health. The clinical symptoms do not represent a frequent finding during the neonatal period, however, they can occur later.
Influence of type of birth on child development: a comparison by Bayley- III Scale
Authors: Cavaggioni Ana Paula Magosso , Martins Maria do Carmo Fernandes , Benincasa Miria 
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Elective cesarean section is associated with several damages to the newborn's health, such as respiratory and gastrointestinal problems and diabetes that last throughout life. However, few studies discuss aspects related to psychological development.
Objective: To investigate the development of Brazilian children according to the type of birth and gestational age in the cognitive, language, motor, socio-emotional and adaptive behavior domains.
Methods: This is an exploratory and descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in the city of São Bernardo de Campo, São Paulo, Brazil, between June 2016 and March 2017. The final sample consisted of 263 children up to 42 months of age. For data collection were applied a socio demographic questionnaire and the Bayley-III Scale. The statistical analysis was based on both a North American reference sample and a local sample using the SPSS version 21, through Pearson's Chi-square statistical test and significance criteria p <0.05.
Results: A significant difference (p<0.005) was observed, with a higher risk of problems in fine motor development and expressive language in children born at pre-term between 37- 39 weeks compared to those born at term between 39 - 41 weeks. Significant difference (p<0.005) was also observed in sensory processing and adaptive behavior, with greater impairment in children born via elective cesarean section compared to those born vaginally.
Conclusion: Despite its limitations and discrepancies, this research indicates potential impairments in the psychological development of children born at early term via elective cesarean.
Stress within Families of Patients with Psychotic Disorders in Garut, Indonesia
Authors: Nurlainah Lida , Rafiyah Imas , Maulana Indra 
Published: June 2020

Psychotic disorders are the most severe form of mental illness. The family is the primary supporter of patients with psychosis; as such, the family is likely to experience stress when caring for psychotic patients and assisting in their recovery. Data analysis regarding stress within families could inform the types of support that family members receive. This study aimed to determine stress within families of psychotic patients in Garut, Indonesia. A descriptive study was carried out using a quantitative approach. The samples collected were of the families who visited an outpatient clinic in Garut. A purposive sample of 70 respondents using the Slovin formula (10%) was recruited. Data were collected using the 42 Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS) questionnaire, and univariate analysis was conducted. Results showed that 5.7% of the respondents experienced medium stress, 54.4% experienced mild stress, 41.4% did not experience stress, and only one person (1.4%) experienced severe stress. The findings suggest that families with psychotic patients experience stress. Further research is recommended to examine the factors and levels of stress within families of long-term acute psychotic patients. Abstrak Stress Keluarga dengan Pasien Psikotik di Garut, Indonesia. Gangguan psikotik adalah bentuk penyakit mental yang paling parah. Keluarga adalah pendukung utama pasien yang menderita psikosis,keluarga cenderung mengalami stres ketika merawat pasien psikotik dan membantu dalam pemulihan mereka. Analisis data mengenai stres keluarga dapat menginformasikan jenis dukungan yang diterima anggota keluarga. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui stres keluarga dengan pasien psikotik di Garut, Indonesia. Studi deskriptif dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Sampel yang dikumpulkan adalah dari keluarga yang mengunjungi klinik rawat jalan di daerah Garut. Sampel purposive dari 70 responden menggunakan rumus Slovin (10%) yang direkrut. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner 42 Depression Anxietystress Scale (DASS) dengan melakukan analisis univariat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 5,7% responden mengalami stres sedang, 54,4% mengalami stres ringan, 41,4% tidak mengalami stres, dan hanya satu orang (1,4%) mengalami stres berat. Dapat disimpulkan dari temuan bahwa keluarga dengan pasien psikotik mengalami beberapa bentuk stres. Penelitian lebih lanjut direkomendasikan untuk memeriksa faktor-faktor dan tingkat stres keluarga dengan pasien psikotik akut lama. Kata Kunci: keluarga, psikotik, stres
Practice Locations of Michigan Ophthalmologists as a Model to Compare Practice Patterns of DO and MD Surgical Subspecialists
Authors: Ahmed Harris , Price Marla J. , Robbins Wayne , Braich Puneet S. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Context
While existing data demonstrate that osteopathic physicians (ie, DOs) in primary care are more likely than allopathic physicians (ie, MDs) to practice in rural areas, no data exist on practice patterns of DO surgical subspecialists, such as ophthalmologists. Michigan has a relatively high number of DOs and, formerly, the most osteopathic ophthalmology residency programs in the United States. Analyzing the distribution of ophthalmologists in Michigan may reveal patterns and predict trends about the geographic distribution of DO surgical subspecialists across the country.

Objective
To compare geographic distributions of DO and MD ophthalmologists in Michigan and identify differences in community size and type (eg, urbanized area, urban cluster, or rural area) of practice.

Methods
A list of Michigan's ophthalmologists practicing in 2018 was developed using the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, the American Osteopathic College of Ophthalmology, and the American Medical Association data sets. DOs and MDs were then analyzed by determining where each ophthalmologist practiced, identifying the size and type of community in which they practiced, and finally by comparing the percentage of DOs and MDs who practiced in various community sizes and each community type as defined by the US Census Bureau. An χ2 analysis was used to determine whether a difference existed in practice locations.

Results
A total of 643 ophthalmologists practiced in Michigan in 2018, including 85 DOs and 558 MDs. A greater proportion of DOs worked in rural areas and urban clusters (57 [67%]), whereas a greater proportion of MDs worked in urbanized areas (368 [66%]). Of DOs, 28 (33%) practiced in cities with a population of at least 50,000 vs 371 MDs (66%). Fourteen DOs (16%) practiced in communities with a population of at least 100,000 vs 207 MDs (37%). χ2 analysis showed a significant difference in the geographic distribution of ophthalmologist DOs and MDs (P<.01).

Conclusion
Higher proportions of DOs practice ophthalmology in smaller, more rural Michigan communities compared with MDs, implying that a subgroup exists that tends to serve underserved areas.
An eye for a tooth:Thylacosmiluswas not a marsupial “saber-tooth predator”
Authors: M. Janis Christine , Figueirido Borja , DeSantis Larisa , Lautenschlager Stephan 
Published: June 2020

BackgroundSaber-toothed mammals, now all extinct, were cats or “cat-like” forms with enlarged, blade-like upper canines, proposed as specialists in taking large prey. During the last 66 Ma, the saber-tooth ecomorph has evolved convergently at least in five different mammalian lineages across both marsupials and placentals. Indeed,Thylacosmilus atrox, the so-called “marsupial saber-tooth,” is often considered as a classic example of convergence with placental saber-tooth cats such asSmilodon fatalis. However, despite its superficial similarity to saber-toothed placentals,T. atroxlacks many of the critical anatomical features related to their inferred predatory behavior—that of employing their enlarged canines in a killing head strike.MethodsHere we follow a multi-proxy approach using canonical correspondence analysis of discrete traits, biomechanical models of skull function using Finite Element Analysis, and 3D dental microwear texture analysis of upper and lower postcanine teeth, to investigate the degree of evolutionary convergence betweenT. atroxand placental saber-tooths, includingS. fatalis.ResultsCorrespondence analysis shows that the craniodental features ofT. atroxare divergent from those of placental saber-tooths. Biomechanical analyses indicate a superior ability ofT. atroxto placental saber-tooths in pulling back with the canines, with the unique lateral ridge of the canines adding strength to this function. The dental microwear ofT. atroxindicates a soft diet, resembling that of the meat-specializing cheetah, but its blunted gross dental wear is not indicative of shearing meat.ConclusionsOur results indicate that despite its impressive canines, the “marsupial saber-tooth” was not the ecological analogue of placental saber-tooths, and likely did not use its canines to dispatch its prey. This oft-cited example of convergence requires reconsideration, andT. atroxmay have had a unique type of ecology among mammals.
Conformational heterogeneity of Savinase from NMR, HDX-MS and X-ray diffraction analysis
Authors: Wu Shanshan , Nguyen Tam T.T.N. , Moroz Olga V. , Turkenburg Johan P. , Nielsen Jens E. , Wilson Keith S. , Rand Kasper D. , Teilum Kaare 
Published: June 2020

Background
Several examples have emerged of enzymes where slow conformational changes are of key importance for function and where low populated conformations in the resting enzyme resemble the conformations of intermediate states in the catalytic process. Previous work on the subtilisin protease, Savinase, from Bacillus lentus by NMR spectroscopy suggested that this enzyme undergoes slow conformational dynamics around the substrate binding site. However, the functional importance of such dynamics is unknown.

Methods
Here we have probed the conformational heterogeneity in Savinase by following the temperature dependent chemical shift changes. In addition, we have measured changes in the local stability of the enzyme when the inhibitor phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride is bound using hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS). Finally, we have used X-ray crystallography to compare electron densities collected at cryogenic and ambient temperatures and searched for possible low populated alternative conformations in the crystals.

Results
The NMR temperature titration shows that Savinase is most flexible around the active site, but no distinct alternative states could be identified. The HDX shows that modification of Savinase with inhibitor has very little impact on the stability of hydrogen bonds and solvent accessibility of the backbone. The most pronounced structural heterogeneities detected in the diffraction data are limited to alternative side-chain rotamers and a short peptide segment that has an alternative main-chain conformation in the crystal at cryo conditions. Collectively, our data show that there is very little structural heterogeneity in the resting state of Savinase and hence that Savinase does not rely on conformational selection to drive the catalytic process.