bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of a novel post‐foaming dental gel on gingival inflammation: A randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Levine Jonathan B. , Goncalves Jordan , Nguyen Daniel , Nguyen Olivia , Hasturk Hatice 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundA pilot randomized controlled clinical trial was performed to evaluate the efficacy of a post‐foaming dental gel containing cetylpridinium chloride (CPC), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), sodium bicarbonate, and antioxidants on periodontal/oral health.MethodsIndividuals with gingivitis or mild‐moderate periodontitis (n=36) were included and randomly assigned to Group 1 and 2 with foaming gel loaded on a mouthpiece with a light source and controlled warming heat built‐in unit or on a toothbrush, respectively, in addition to regular twice‐daily brushing. Group 3 served as control with twice daily brushing and further assigned split‐mouth to Group 3a‐un‐flossed and Group 3b‐flossed. Gingival index (GI) and bleeding on probing (BOP) were evaluated in addition to plaque index (PI), pocket depth, and clinical attachment level at days 14, 28, 42 (treatment), and 60 (maintenance). Subgingival plaque microbial profiles and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) cytokine levels were determined by DNA‐DNA hybridization and multiplexing assays, respectively. Exploratory analyses included esthetic outcomes: changes in tooth color and levels of volatile sulfur compounds in breath. Statistical analyses were conducted using ANOVA with a post hoc analysis of Fisher's LSD.ResultsUse of post‐foaming gel in both test groups resulted in significant changes in GI and BOP at Day 42 compared to control and un‐flossed control (P<0.05). Device‐enhanced foaming gel significantly reduced the PI in Group 1 at Day 42 compared to control and un‐flossed control (P=0.02; P=0.007, respectively). GCF IL‐6 and TNF‐α levels were significantly reduced in Group 2 compared to control (PIL‐6=0.01, PTNF‐α=0.02). Post‐foaming gel resulted in greater reductions in periodontopathogens, whereas health‐associated species remained stable. Despite cessation of adjunct treatments, Group 1 and 2 continued having reduced levels of GI, BOP, and PI at Day 60 (P<0.05).ConclusionsThe novel post‐foaming dental gel improves oral health by reducing gingival inflammation at the local site in addition to better esthetic outcomes.
Synthesis and Characterization of Sulfanilamide‐Based Nonionic Surfactants and Evaluation of Their Nano‐Vesicular Drug Loading Application
Authors: Ali Imdad , Saifullah Salim , El‐Haj Babiker M. , Ali Heyam Saad , Yasmeen Saira , Imran Muhammad , Nisar Jan , Shah Muhammad Raza 
Published: May 2020

AbstractNonionic surfactants are highly stable and cost‐effective and receiving acceptance for applications in many diverse fields including drug delivery, due to their distinctive properties. Here, we report on the synthesis and characterization of sulfanilamide‐based nonionic surfactants for nanoscale vesicular drug loading applications. Nonionic surfactants were synthesized through alkylation of sulfanilamide with alkyl halides that possessed diverse degrees of lipophilicity. They were explored for their nanovesicular drug loading with Cefixime as a hydrophobic model drug. Drug‐loaded nanovesicles were characterized for surface morphologies, size, size distribution, surface charge, and drug loading efficiency using atomic force microscopy (AFM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and UV–visible spectrophotometry. All of the synthesized nonionic surfactants revealed their CMC values in 0.055–0.035 mM range depending upon the lipophilic chain length of surfactants. They caused a decreased hemoglobin release and low toxicity against cell culture. They self‐assembled and loaded an increased amount of drug in the form of nanorange spherical shape niosomal vesicles. Results of the current study verify these synthesized nonionic surfactants are hemocompatible, nontoxic, and capable of self‐assembling into nanorange niosomal vesicles. These niosomal vesicles can be suggested as safe and highly efficient nanocarriers for hydrophobic drug loading and delivery.
Birthweight and Lipids in Adult Life: Population‐Based Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Al Salmi Issa , Hannawi Suad 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to examine the association of birthweight with lipid profile in the general adult population. Participants in the second‐wave of a nationally representative cross sectional AusDiab‐study were asked to complete a birthweight questionnaire. Fasting total cholesterol (TC), LDL‐C, HDL‐C, and triacylglycerol levels were modeled against birthweight. Four thousand five hundred and two people reported their birthweights, mean (SD) of 3.4(0.7) kg. Females with low birthweight‐LBW had higher levels of TC, LDL‐C, and triacylglycerols, but no difference in HDL‐C, than those with normal‐birthweight‐NBW;≥2.5 kg. People with LBW showed a trend toward increased risk for high TC (≥5.5 mmol/L) compared to NBW. Among females with LBW, the risk for high LDL‐C (≥3.5 mmol/L) was increased compared to those of NBW. The risk for low HDL‐C (<0.9 mmol/L) was increased among males with LBW compared to those with NBW. Examination of the relationship on the continuum showed no differences except for high triacylglycerol levels among females with the lowest birthweight quintile compared to the higher birthweight quintile. However, the risk for various abnormalities by birthweight quintiles was similar to that when we used the traditional definition of LBW vs. NBW. Females and males with low birthweight differ in their risk for lipids abnormalities. Females had higher risk for high LDL‐C, whereas males had high risk for low HDL‐C (<0.9 mmol/L). In addition, females with low birthweight had the highest triacylglycerol levels. High LDL‐C, low HDL‐C, and high triacylglycerols are well‐recognized risk factors for cardiovascular disease.
Surface‐mount bowtie antenna element for millimeter‐wave applications
Authors: Liu Xiubo , Zhang Wei , Hao Dongning , Liu Yanyan 
Published: May 2020

AbstractA surface‐mount bowtie antenna element with a ball grid array (BGA) packaging is proposed. Compared to a two‐dimensional end‐fire antenna, the proposed surface‐mount antenna element is a discrete three‐dimensional structure for obtaining a broadside radiation pattern. The proposed antenna element is mounted on the motherboard and fed by the balun located at the bottom layer of the motherboard to obtain a wide impedance bandwidth. In addition, the proposed antenna with the BGA packaging provides a cost‐effective solution for integration with surface‐mount devices on the same system board. The performance of the antenna prototype was verified by measurements.
Cancer survivors' experiences with financial toxicity: A systematic review and meta‐synthesis of qualitative studies
Authors: Zhu Zheng , Xing Weijie , Zhang Xiaoju , Hu Yan , So Winnie K. W. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to synthesize qualitative research evidence on cancer survivors' experiences with financial toxicity (FT).MethodsWe carried out a systematic review of qualitative studies using a meta‐aggregation approach. Papers published prior to 31 August 2019, were collected from electronic databases, including PubMed/MEDLINE, MEDLINE (Ovid), EMBASE (Ovid), CINAHL (EBSCO), Web of Science, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, and Cochrane Library (Wiley).ResultsSix synthesized findings were derived from 14 studies covering cancer patients' awareness of FT, cancer‐related expenditures, and the risk factors, impacts, coping strategies, and unmet needs related to FT.ConclusionsCancer survivors incur FT; however, their awareness of FT is limited. Cancer‐related FT has multiple impacts on survivors' lives. Although cancer survivors try to cope with FT through adjustments, they still have unmet needs for the management of FT. Nurses and social workers can play a critical role in helping survivors manage FT by increasing pre‐awareness of FT, strengthening emotional empowerment, and providing personalized informative support.
Recent advances (2010–2019) in the study of taliks
Authors: O’Neill H. Brendan , Roy‐Leveillee Pascale , Lebedeva Liudmila , Ling Feng 
Published: May 2020

AbstractTaliks are bodies or layers of unfrozen ground in permafrost areas. Recent research on taliks has been driven largely by the potential for release of greenhouse gases as taliks expand, and engineering challenges associated with thawing permafrost. Observations of talik configuration and development have been assisted by advances in geophysical techniques that complement mechanical and thermal measurements. Suprapermafrost taliks have been observed in a range of settings associated with disturbance from wildfire and infrastructure. These features are included in a revised talik classification scheme presented in this paper. Observations of methane release have renewed interest in lake talik initiation and development, resulting in substantial efforts to model thaw lake expansion. Hotspots of methane release have also been identified at saline springs. Recent simulations indicate that groundwater flow can significantly accelerate talik expansion and that incorporating heat advection may be required for accurate transient simulations. Ongoing global warming is expected to exacerbate the effects of surface disturbances on talik development and limit the ability of permafrost to recover in marginal permafrost areas.
Influence of FeCl3⋅6H2O on the Hydration Hardening and Water Resistance of Magnesium Potassium Phosphate Cement
Authors: Zhu Yanjiao , Wang Zhen , Li Zhifeng , Yu Haibin 
Published: May 2020

AbstractMagnesium potassium phosphate cement (MKPC) is an ideal repair material due to its rapid curing advantages, but the setting time is too short to be applied in practical applications. In this work, FeCl3⋅6H2O was incorporated to MKPC to reduce the hydration temperature and prolong the setting time. Comprehensive investigation was performed on the influence of FeCl3⋅6H2O on the hydration temperature, setting time, mechanical properties, water resistance and microstructure of MKPC. The results showed that during the hydration process, FeCl3⋅6H2O underwent a phase transition and absorbed part of the hydration heat, which delayed the hydration heat release rate and effectively extended the setting time. In addition, the incorporation of FeCl3⋅6H2O with suitable contents had a positive impact on the compressive strength and water resistance. Finally, the optimal content of FeCl3⋅6H2O was determined to be 1.0%.
A Novel Highly Efficient Host‐Sensitized Red Emitting (Ba2YV3O11 : Eu3+) Phosphor for Hybrid White LEDs
Authors: Rajendran Marikumar , Vaidyanathan Sivakumar 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe present investigation focused on the sequence of Eu3+ activated red‐emitting vanadate phosphor for the high performance white LEDs. The blue emitting host lattice (Ba2YV3O11) and red emitting Ba2YV3O11 : Eu3+ phosphors were synthesized by the conventional solid‐state method and studied their optical properties in details. The host lattice and Eu3+ activated red phosphors were crystallized in the monoclinic crystal system. The Ba2YV3O11 emission was found in the bluish‐green region (444 and 512 nm, which corresponds to the 3T2→1A1 and 3T1→1A1 transitions), and the Eu3+ activated phosphors (Ba2Y1‐xEuxV3O11, x=0‐1, insteps of 0.1) display intense red emission at 618 nm due to the 5D0→7F2 electric dipole (ED) transition. The concentration quenching was observed at x=0.6, the detailed energy transfer mechanism was also explored. Thermal stability of the Ba2Y0.4Eu0.6V3O11 red phosphor retains the ∼60 % emission intensity at 423 K, and the internal quantum efficiency (IQE) was found to be 30 %. The red and white LEDs were fabricated by using the synthesized red phosphor with the combination of near UV LED (n‐UV), the white LED showed white emission with CIE is x=0.359; y=0.395; higher CRI (89) and low CCT (4693 K) values. These results prescribe that the presently synthesized phosphor can act as a suitable red‐emitting component in hybrid white LEDs.
Catalyst‐Free and Metal‐Free Approach towards Synthesis of Amide‐ and Thioamide‐Linked β‐Carboline‐Pyridine Conjugates and Estimation of Their Photophysical Properties
Authors: Singh Manpreet , Vaishali  , Kumar Rakesh , Singh Virender 
Published: May 2020

AbstractA series of novel β‐carboline‐pyridine conjugates linked though amide and thioamide tethers were synthesized under catalyst‐free and metal‐free conditions using β‐carboline alkaloid; Kumujian C as a template. Thetert‐butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP)‐mediated reaction with 2‐aminopyridines provided the amide linked β‐carboline‐pyridine conjugates whereas the Willgerodt‐Kindler reaction in presence of elemental sulfur furnished thioamide tethered analogues. The alkyl, aryl, as well as heteroarylamines underwent Willgerodt‐Kindler reaction with Kumujian C to afford diverse β‐carboline linked thioamides. Both the protocols avoided the use of toxic metal catalysts and expensive additives to provide the products in moderate to excellent yields in a short duration. Interestingly, the amide linked β‐carboline‐pyridine conjugates displayed excellent photophysical properties with fluorescence quantum yields (ΦF) up to 38% rendering them as promising candidates for applications in biology and optoelectronic materials.
Elucidation of Active Sites on S, N Codoped Carbon Cubes Embedding Co–Fe Carbides toward Reversible Oxygen Conversion in High‐Performance Zinc–Air Batteries
Authors: Lian Yuebin , Shi Kefei , Yang Haojing , Sun Hao , Qi Pengwei , Ye Jing , Wu Wenbin , Deng Zhao , Peng Yang 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe development of high‐performance but low‐cost catalysts for the electrochemical oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is of central importance for realizing the prevailing application of metal–air batteries. Herein a facile route is devised to synthesize S, N codoped carbon cubes embedding Co–Fe carbides by pyrolyzing the Co–Fe Prussian blue analogues (PBA) coated with methionine. Via the strong metal–sulfur interaction, the methionine coating provides a robust sheath to restrain the cubic morphology of PBA upon pyrolysis, which is proved highly beneficial for promoting the specific surface area and active sites exposure, leading to remarkable bifunctionality of ORR and OER comparable to the benchmarks of Pt/C and RuO2. Further elaborative investigations on the activity origin and postelectrolytic composition unravel that for ORR the high activity is mainly contributed by the S, N codoped carbon shell with the inactive carbide phase converting into carbonate hydroxides. For OER, the embedded Co–Fe carbides transform in situ into layered (hydr)oxides, serving as the actual active sites for promoting water oxidation. Zn–air batteries employing the developed hollow structure as the air cathode catalyst demonstrate superb rechargeability, energy efficiency, as well as portability.
Fabrication of Artificial Nanobasement Membranes for Cell Compartmentalization in 3D Tissues
Authors: Zeng Jinfeng , Sasaki Naoko , Correia Clara R. , Mano João F. , Matsusaki Michiya 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn recent decades, tissue engineering techniques have attracted much attention in the construction of 3D tissues or organs. However, even though precise control of cell locations in 3D has been achieved, the organized cell locations are easily destroyed because of the cell migration during the cell culture period. In human body, basement membranes (BMs) maintain the precise cell locations in 3D (compartmentalization). Constructing artificial BMs that mimic the structure and biofunctions of natural BMs remains a major challenge. Here, a nanometer‐sized artificial BM through layer‐by‐layer assembly of collagen type IV (Col‐IV) and laminin (LM), chosen because they are the main components of natural BMs, is reported. This multilayered Col‐IV/LM nanofilm imitates natural BM structure closely, showing controllable and similar components, thickness, and fibrous network. The Col‐IV/LM nanofilms have high cell adhesion properties and maintain the spreading morphology effectively. Furthermore, the barrier effect of preventing cell migration but permitting effective cell–cell crosstalk between fibroblasts and endothelial cells demonstrates the ability of Col‐IV/LM nanofilms for cell compartmentalization in 3D tissues, providing more reliable tissue models for evaluating drug efficacy, nanotoxicology, and implantation.
Artificial Metalloenzymes: Recent Developments and Innovations in Bioinorganic Catalysis
Authors: Thompson Zechariah , Cowan James Allan 
Published: May 2020

AbstractCellular life is orchestrated by the biochemical components of cells that include nucleic acids, lipids, carbohydrates, proteins, and cofactors such as metabolites and metals, all of which coalesce and function synchronously within the cell. Metalloenzymes allow for such complex chemical processes, as they catalyze a myriad of biochemical reactions both efficiently and selectively, where the metal cofactor provides additional functionality to promote reactivity not readily achieved in their absence. While the past 60 years have yielded considerable insight on how enzymes catalyze these reactions, a need to engineer and develop artificial metalloenzymes has been driven not only by industrial and therapeutic needs, but also by innate human curiosity. The design of miniature enzymes, both rationally and through serendipity, using both organic and inorganic building blocks has been explored by many scientists over the years and significant progress has been made. Herein, recent developments over the past 5 years in areas that have not been recently reviewed are summarized, and prospects for future research in these areas are addressed.
In Situ Fabrication of Ultrasmall Gold Nanoparticles/2D MOFs Hybrid as Nanozyme for Antibacterial Therapy
Authors: Hu Wen‐Chao , Younis Muhammad Rizwan , Zhou Yue , Wang Chen , Xia Xing‐Hua 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAs one of the common reactive oxygen species, H2O2 has been widely used for combating pathogenic bacterial infections. However, the high dosage of H2O2 can induce undesired damages to normal tissues and delay wound healing. In this regard, peroxidase‐like nanomaterials serve as promising nanozymes, thanks to their positive promotion toward the antibacterial performance of H2O2, while avoiding the toxicity caused by the high concentrations of H2O2. In this work, ultrasmall Au nanoparticles (UsAuNPs) are grown on ultrathin 2D metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) via in situ reduction. The formed UsAuNPs/MOFs hybrid features both the advantages of UsAuNPs and ultrathin 2D MOFs, displaying a remarkable peroxidase‐like activity toward H2O2 decomposition into toxic hydroxyl radicals (·OH). Results show that the as‐prepared UsAuNPs/MOFs nanozyme exhibits excellent antibacterial properties against both Gram‐negative (Escherichia coli) and Gram‐positive (Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria with the assistance of a low dosage of H2O2. Animal experiments indicate that this hybrid material can effectively facilitate wound healing with good biocompatibility. This study reveals the promising potential of a hybrid nanozyme for antibacterial therapy and holds great promise for future clinical applications.
Oxygen‐Deficient Ferric Oxide as an Electrochemical Cathode Catalyst for High‐Energy Lithium–Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Lv Kezhong , Wang Pengfei , Wang Chao , Shen Zihan , Lu Zhenda , Zhang Huigang , Zheng Mingbo , He Ping , Zhou Haoshen 
Published: May 2020

AbstractLithium–sulfur batteries, as one of promising next‐generation energy storage devices, hold great potential to meet the demands of electric vehicles and grids due to their high specific energy. However, the sluggish kinetics and the inevitable “shuttle effect” severely limit the practical application of this technology. Recently, design of composite cathode with effective catalysts has been reported as an essential way to overcome these issues. In this work, oxygen‐deficient ferric oxide (Fe2O3−x), prepared by lithiothermic reduction, is used as a low‐cost and effective cathodic catalyst. By introducing a small amount of Fe2O3−x into the cathode, the battery can deliver a high capacity of 512 mAh g−1 over 500 cycles at 4 C, with a capacity fade rate of 0.049% per cycle. In addition, a self‐supporting porous S@KB/Fe2O3−x cathode with a high sulfur loading of 12.73 mg cm−2 is prepared by freeze‐drying, which can achieve a high areal capacity of 12.24 mAh cm−2 at 0.05 C. Both the calculative and experimental results demonstrate that the Fe2O3−x has a strong adsorption toward soluble polysulfides and can accelerate their subsequent conversion to insoluble products. As a result, this work provides a low‐cost and effective catalyst candidate for the practical application of lithium–sulfur batteries.
Freestanding 1T‐MnxMo1–xS2–ySey and MoFe2S4–zSez Ultrathin Nanosheet‐Structured Electrodes for Highly Efficient Flexible Solid‐State Asymmetric Supercapacitors
Authors: Pan Uday Narayan , Sharma Vikas , Kshetri Tolendra , Singh Thangjam Ibomcha , Paudel Dasu Ram , Kim Nam Hoon , Lee Joong Hee 
Published: May 2020

AbstractFabrication of hierarchical nanosheet arrays of 1T phase of transition‐metal dichalcogenides is indeed a critical task, but it holds immense potential for energy storage. A single‐step strategy is employed for the fabrication of stable 1T‐MnxMo1–xS2–ySey and MoFe2S4–zSez hierarchical nanosheet arrays on carbon cloth as positive and negative electrodes, respectively. The flexible asymmetric supercapacitor constructed with these two electrodes exhibits an excellent electrochemical performance (energy density of ≈69 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 0.985 kW kg−1) with ultralong cyclic stability of ≈83.5% capacity retention, after 10 000 consecutive cycles. Co‐doping of the metal and nonmetal boosts the charge storage ability of the transition‐metal chalcogenides following enrichment in the metallic 1T phase, improvement in the surface area, and expansion in the interlayer spacing in tandem, which is the key focus of the present study. This study explicitly demonstrates the exponential enhancement of specific capacity of MoS2 following intercalation and doping of Mn and Se, and Fe2S3 following doping of Mo and Se could be an ideal direction for the fabrication of novel energy‐storage materials with high‐energy storage ability.
Single‐Molecule Interaction of Peptides with a Biological Nanopore for Identification of Protease Activity
Authors: Sun Ke , Ju Yuan , Chen Chuan , Zhang Peng , Sawyer Erica , Luo Youfu , Geng Jia 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe facile and sensitive detection of peptides is essential for drug screening, pathogen detection, and protein sequencing. There are still challenges for the real‐time single‐molecule sensing and detection of peptides due to their versatile shape, structure, and charges brought by amino acids. Nanopore sensing is an emerging technology for sensing of biomolecules including DNA, RNA, and proteins. In this study, the interaction between peptides of different lengths (N6–N10) and charges with an engineered Mycobacterium smegmatis porin A nanopore are systematically studied, and two types blockage events can be identified by quantifying their dwell times and amplitude of blockades. The findings are further applied to the label‐free and real‐time quantification of protease activity of caseinolytic protease P at nanomolar concentration in 14 min. The protease activity with inhibitor can also be monitored real time by nanopore assay. In summary, this nanopore‐based sensing platform shows promising capacity for peptide detection, protease activities assay, and inhibitor screening.