bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Emotional awareness amongst middle leadership
Authors: Lambert Steve 
Published: June 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this viewpoint paper is to explore middle leaders' ability to recognise emotions in the context of workplace research, and to propose measures that might support them in their role.Design/methodology/approachThis paper combines a contemporary literature review with reflections from practice to develop more nuanced understandings of middle leadership. This paper applied the Geneva Emotional Recognition Test (GERT) to explore the level of emotional recognition of 86 individuals (teachers to headteachers (equivalent to school principals)).FindingsThe preliminary findings suggest that teachers and headteachers have higher levels of emotional recognition than middle and senior leaders. This paper subsequently argues that the task-orientated nature middle leadership compounds an individual's ability to engage effectively in relationship-orientated tasks. This explains why middle leaders scored lower on the GERT assessment. This is further inhibited by the anti-correlation in the brain's ability to deal with the task-positive network (TDM) and default mode network (DMN) processing functions where individuals operate in one neural mode for long periods.Research limitations/implicationsThe viewpoint paper proposes a number of implications for middle leaders and suggests that middle leaders should proactively seek out opportunities to be engaged in activities that support the DMN function of the brain and subsequently the relationship-orientated aspects of leadership, for example, coaching other staff members. However, it has to be recognised that the sample size is small and further work is needed before any generalisations can be made.Originality/valueThis paper offers a contemporary review of the role of middle leaders underpinned by a preliminary study into individuals' ability to recognise emotions.
A multi-objective mixed-integer linear model for sustainable fruit closed-loop supply chain network
Authors: Jabarzadeh Younis , Reyhani Yamchi Hossein , Kumar Vikas , Ghaffarinasab Nader 
Published: June 2020

PurposeThis paper aims to present a closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) optimization problem for a perishable agricultural product to achieve three pillars of sustainability, including minimizing total network costs and carbon dioxide emissions from different network activities and maximizing responsiveness to demands simultaneously.Design/methodology/approachThe research problem is formulated as a multi-objective mixed-integer linear programming model, and classical approaches, including the LP-Metric and weighted Tchebycheff method, have been applied to solve the optimization model. A set of test problems has been proposed to validate the model, and the results are presented.FindingsComputational time to find Pareto optimal solutions by using the weighted Tchebycheff method was twice as much as that of the LP-Metric method. Also, the result of the study is a mathematical model that can be applied to other products that are close to the fruit, such as vegetables.Research limitations/implicationsThe present study is limited to fruits supply chains and the inventory is considered at the distribution centers only. The study also considers only one type of transport.Practical implicationsThe paper can assist supply chain managers to define strategies to achieve a sustainable CLSC network configuration for the fruits.Originality/valueThis study is one of the early studies to consider environmental indicators in fruits supply chain design along with two other indicators of sustainability, namely, economic and social indicators. Therefore, this can help supply chain managers to achieve sustainability by optimizing location decisions, inventory quantities and flow between facilities.
The effect of political risk on shareholder value and the mitigating role of corporate social responsibility (CSR)
Authors: Chatjuthamard Pattanaporn , Jiraporn Pornsit , Sarajoti Pattarake , Singh Manohar 
Published: June 2020

PurposeThe study investigates the effect of political risk on shareholder value, using an event study and a novel measure of firm-level political risk recently developed by Hassan et al. (2017). In addition, the authors explore how corporate social responsibility (CSR) influences the effect of political risk on shareholder wealth.Design/methodology/approachThe authors exploit the guilty plea of Jack Abramoff, a well-known lobbyist, on January 3, 2006, as an exogenous shock that made lobbying less effective and less useful in the future, depriving firms of an important tool to reduce political exposure.FindingsThe results show that the market reactions are significantly more negative for firms with more political exposure. Additional analysis corroborates the results, including propensity score matching, instrumental-variable analysis and Oster's (2019) method for testing coefficient stability. Finally, the authors note that the adverse effect of political risk on shareholder value is substantially mitigated for firms with strong social responsibility, consistent with the risk mitigation hypothesis.Originality/valueThis study is the first to explore the effect of political risk on shareholder value using a novel measure. Furthermore, it is also the first to show that CSR alleviates the cost of political risk to shareholders.
Options trading strategy based on ARIMA forecasting
Authors: Rostan Pierre , Rostan Alexandra , Nurunnabi Mohammad 
Published: June 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to illustrate a profitable and original index options trading strategy.

Design/methodology/approach
The methodology is based on auto regressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) forecasting of the S&P 500 index and the strategy is tested on a large database of S&P 500 Composite index options and benchmarked to the generalized auto regressive conditional heteroscedastic (GARCH) model. The forecasts validate a set of criteria as follows: the first criterion checks if the forecasted index is greater or lower than the option strike price and the second criterion if the option premium is underpriced or overpriced. A buy or sell and hold strategy is finally implemented.

Findings
The paper demonstrates the valuable contribution of this option trading strategy when trading call and put index options. It especially demonstrates that the ARIMA forecasting method is a valid method for forecasting the S&P 500 Composite index and is superior to the GARCH model in the context of an application to index options trading.

Originality/value
The strategy was applied in the aftermath of the 2008 credit crisis over 60 months when the volatility index (VIX) was experiencing a downtrend. The strategy was successful with puts and calls traded on the USA market. The strategy may have a different outcome in a different economic and regional context.
Challenges and opportunities to integrate the oldest and newest manufacturing processes: metal casting and additive manufacturing
Authors: Lynch Paul , Hasbrouck C.R. , Wilck Joseph , Kay Michael , Manogharan Guha 
Published: June 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to investigate the current state, technological challenges, economic opportunities and future directions in the growing “indirect” hybrid manufacturing ecosystem, which integrates traditional metal casting with the production of tooling via additive manufacturing (AM) process including three-dimensional sand printing (3DSP) and printed wax patterns.

Design/methodology/approach
A survey was conducted among 100 participants from foundries and AM service providers across the USA to understand the current adoption of AM in metal casting as a function of engineering specifications, production demand, volume and cost metrics. In addition, current technological and logistical challenges that are encountered by the foundries are identified to gather insight into the future direction of this evolving supply chain.

Findings
One of the major findings from this study is that hard tooling costs (i.e. patterns/core boxes) are the greatest challenge in low volume production for foundries. Hence, AM and 3DSP offer the greatest cost-benefit for these low volume production runs as it does not require the need for hard tooling to produce much higher profit premium castings. It is evident that there are major opportunities for the casting supply chain to benefit from an advanced digital ecosystem that seamlessly integrates AM and 3DSP into foundry operations. The critical challenges for adoption of 3DSP in current foundry operations are categorized into as follows: capital cost of the equipment, which cannot be justified due to limited demand for 3DSP molds/cores by casting buyers, transportation of 3DSP molds and cores, access to 3DSP, limited knowledge of 3DSP, limitations in current design tools to integrate 3DSP design principles and long lead times to acquire 3DSP molds/cores.

Practical implications
Based on the findings of this study, indirect hybrid metal AM supply chains, i.e. 3DSP metal casting supply chains is proposed, as 3DSP replaces traditional mold-making in the sand casting process flow, no/limited additional costs and resources would be required for qualification and certification of the cast parts made from three-dimensional printed sand molds. Access to 3DSP resources can be addressed by establishing a robust 3DSP metal casting supply chain, which will also enable existing foundries to rapidly acquire new 3DSP-related knowledge.

Originality/value
This original survey from 100 small and medium enterprises including foundries and AM service providers suggests that establishing 3DSP hubs around original equipment manufacturers as a shared resource to produce molds and cores would be beneficial. This provides traditional foundries means to continue mass production of castings using existing hard tooling while integrating 3DSP for new complex low volume parts, replacement parts, legacy parts and prototyping.
Transcriptional regulator SpxA1a controls the resistance of the honey bee pathogen Melissococcus plutonius to the antimicrobial activity of royal jelly
Authors: Takamatsu Daisuke , Okumura Kayo , Tabata Atsushi , Okamoto Mariko , Okura Masatoshi 
Published: June 2020

SummaryRoyal jelly (RJ), a brood food of honey bees, has strong antimicrobial activity. Melissococcus plutonius, the causative agent of European foulbrood of honey bees, exhibits resistance to this antimicrobial activity and infects larvae orally. Among three genetically distinct groups (CC3, CC12 and CC13) of M. plutonius, CC3 strains exhibit the strongest RJ resistance. In this study, to identify genes involved in RJ resistance, we generated an RJ‐susceptible derivative from a highly RJ‐resistant CC3 strain by UV mutagenesis. Genome sequence analysis of the derivative revealed the presence of a frameshift mutation in the putative regulator gene spxA1a. The deletion of spxA1a from a CC3 strain resulted in increased susceptibility to RJ and its antimicrobial component 10‐hydroxy‐2‐decenoic acid. Moreover, the mutant became susceptible to low‐pH and oxidative stress, which may be encountered in brood foods. Differentially expressed gene analysis using wild‐type and spxA1a mutants revealed that 45 protein‐coding genes were commonly upregulated in spxA1a‐positive strains. Many upregulated genes were located in a prophage region, and some highly upregulated genes were annotated as universal/general stress proteins, oxidoreductase/reductase, chaperons and superoxide dismutase. These results suggest that SpxA1a is a key regulator to control the tolerance status of M. plutonius against stress in honey bee colonies.
The Wsp intermembrane complex mediates metabolic control of the swim‐attach decision of Pseudomonas putida
Authors: Hueso‐Gil Ángeles , Calles Belén , de Lorenzo Víctor 
Published: June 2020

SummaryPseudomonas putida is a microorganism of biotechnological interest that—similar to many other environmental bacteria—adheres to surfaces and forms biofilms. Although various mechanisms contributing to the swim‐attach decision have been studied in this species, the role of a 7‐gene operon homologous to the wsp cluster of Pseudomonas aeruginosa—which regulates cyclic di‐GMP (cdGMP) levels upon surface contact—remained to be investigated. In this work, the function of the wsp operon of P. putida KT2440 has been characterized through inspection of single and multiple wsp deletion variants, complementation with Pseudomonas aeruginosa's homologues, combined with mutations of regulatory genes fleQ and fleN and removal of the flagellar regulator fglZ. The ability of the resulting strains to form biofilms at 6 and 24 h under three different carbon regimes (citrate, glucose and fructose) revealed that the Wsp complex delivers a similar function to both Pseudomonas species. In P. putida, the key components include WspR, a protein that harbours the domain for producing cdGMP, and WspF, which controls its activity. These results not only contribute to a deeper understanding of the network that regulates the sessile‐planktonic decision of P. putida but also suggest strategies to exogenously control such a lifestyle switch.
Getting Rid of Dichotomous Sex Estimations: Why Logistic Regression Should be Preferred Over Discriminant Function Analysis
Authors: Bartholdy Bjørn Peare , Sandoval Elena , Hoogland Menno L. P. , Schrader Sarah A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSex estimation is an important part of creating a biological profile for skeletal remains in forensics. The commonly used methods for developing sex estimation equations are discriminant function analysis (DFA) and logistic regression (LogR). LogR equations provide a probability of the predicted sex, while DFA relies on cutoff points to segregate males and females, resulting in a rigid dichotomization of the sexes. This is problematic because sexual dimorphism exists along a continuum and there can be considerable overlap in trait expression between the sexes. In this study, we used humeral measurements to compare the performance of DFA and LogR and found them to be very similar under multiple conditions. The overall cross‐validated (leave‐one‐out) accuracy of DFA (75.76–95.14%) was slightly higher than LogR (75.76–93.82%) for simple and multiple variable equations, and also performed better under varying sample sizes (94.03% vs. 93.78%). Three of five DFA equations outperformed LogR under the B index, while all five LogR equations outperformed the DFA equations under the Q index. Both methods saw an improvement in overall accuracy (DFA: 86.74–95.79%; LogR: 86.74–95.76%) when individuals with a classification probability lower than 0.80 were excluded. Additionally, we propose a method for calculating additional cutoff points (PMarks) based on posterior probability values. In conclusion, we recommend using LogR over DFA due to the increased flexibility, robusticity, and benefits for future users of the statistical models; however, if DFA is preferred, use of the proposed PMarks facilitates future analysis while avoiding unnecessary dichotomization.
Reproduction in Sceloporus licki (Reptilia: Phrynosomatidae) in the Cape Region, Baja California Sur
Authors: Galina‐Tessaro Patricia , Álvarez‐Cárdenas Sergio , Valdez‐Villavicencio Jorge H. , Villagrán‐SantaCruz Maricela 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSceloporus licki, an endemic lizard of the Cape Region from Baja California Sur, Mexico, shows evident sexual dimorphism in coloration and in snout‐vent length between males and females. The gonadal analysis showed that both sexes have a synchronous spring–summer reproductive cycle. The males show maximum gonadal activity from March to July; in August, they show a rapid regression, and in September, quiescence is evident only in some males while in others recrudescence has already begun. Finally, in October and November, the process of recrudescence is obvious. The females showed some asynchrony, but for most, vitellogenesis occurred from April to June and eggs in the oviduct were evident in May, June and August. Oviposition occurs in July and August and by September or October there is no more gonadal activity in the ovaries. The clutch size was 5 ± 0.2 eggs, and hatchlings appeared in May–June and September suggesting that possibly two clutches are produced per breeding season. Reproductive activity in both sexes was like that of other lizards from temperate environments. However, the long period of gonadal recrudescence in both sexes (6 months) and rapid regression and quiescence in males of the studied population suggest plasticity in gonadal activity.
Prevalence of adverse drug events and adverse drug reactions in hospital among older patients with dementia: A systematic review
Authors: Sakiris Marissa Anne , Sawan Mouna , Hilmer Sarah Nicole , Awadalla Rebecca , Gnjidic Danijela 
Published: June 2020

AimsThis systematic review aimed to quantify the prevalence of adverse drug events (ADEs) and adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in older inpatients with dementia.MethodsA systematic search of observational studies was performed in Embase, Medline, PsycINFO, International Pharmaceutical Abstracts, Scopus and Informit. Articles published in English that reported the prevalence of ADEs or ADRs in hospital patients aged 65 years or older with dementia were included. Two authors reviewed titles and abstracts and all eligible full‐text articles. Relevant information relating to ADEs, ADRs and dementia was obtained from each article.ResultsIn total, 5 articles were included. One study reported the prevalence of ADEs to be 81.5%, defined using the Naranjo algorithm. Four studies assessed the prevalence of ADRs, ranging from 12.7 to 24.0%, assessed using various methods. One study defined ADRs according to the World Health Organization‐Uppsala Monitoring Centre criteria, 2 studies employed the World Health Organization definition and 1 study did not explicitly define ADRs. The most frequently reported drug classes implicated in ADEs and ADRs were psychotropic, antihypertensive and analgesic drugs.ConclusionOur findings suggest a high prevalence of ADEs and ADRs in older inpatients with dementia. However, only 1 study documented ADEs and there was variability in approaches to ADR assessment. A greater understanding of ADEs and ADRs, as well as tailored assessment tools, will promote prevention of ADEs and ADRs in people with dementia.
Grapefruit juice enhances the systolic blood pressure‐lowering effects of dietary nitrate‐containing beetroot juice
Authors: O'Gallagher Kevin , Borg Cardona Sarah , Hill Callum , Al‐Saedi Ali , Shahed Fawzia , Floyd Christopher N. , McNeill Karen , Mills Charlotte E. , Webb Andrew J. 
Published: June 2020

AimsDietary nitrate from sources such as beetroot juice lowers blood pressure (BP) via the nitrate–nitrite–nitric oxide (NO) pathway. However, NO and nitrite are inactivated via reoxidation to nitrate, potentially limiting their activity. Cytochrome P450‐3A4 inhibition with troleandomycin prevents nitrite re‐oxidation to nitrate in rodent liver. Grapefruit juice contains the CYP3A4 inhibitor furanocoumarin. We therefore hypothesized that grapefruit juice would enhance BP‐lowering with beetroot juice by maintaining circulating [nitrite].MethodsWe performed a randomized, placebo‐controlled, 7‐hour crossover study in 11 healthy volunteers, attending on 3 occasions, receiving: a 70‐mL shot of active beetroot juice (Beet‐It) and either (i) 250 mL grapefruit juice (Active Beet+GFJ), or (ii) 250 mL water (Buxton, Active Beet+H2O); or (iii) Placebo Beet+GFJ.ResultsThe addition of grapefruit juice to active beetroot juice lowered systolic BP (SBP): Active Beet+GFJ vs Active Beet+H2O (P = .02), and pulse pressure, PP (P = .0003). Peak mean differences in SBP and PP were seen at T = 5 hours: −3.3 mmHg (95% confidence interval [CI] −6.43 to −0.15) and at T = 2.5 hours: −4.2 mmHg (95% CI −0.3 to −8.2), respectively. Contrary to the hypothesis, plasma [nitrite] was lower with Active Beet+GFJ vs Active Beet+H2O (P = .006), as was salivary nitrite production (P = .002) and saliva volume (−0.34 mL/min [95% CI −0.05 to −0.68]). The taste score of Beet+GFJ was 1.4/10 points higher than Beet+H2O (P = .03).ConclusionGrapefruit juice enhanced beetroot juice's effect on lowering SBP and PP despite decreasing plasma [nitrite]. Besides suggesting more complex mechanisms, there is potential for maximising the clinical benefit of dietary nitrate and targeting isolated systolic hypertension.
Altered frontal cortex functioning in emotion regulation and hopelessness in bipolar disorder
Authors: Sankar Anjali , Purves Kirstin , Colic Lejla , Cox Lippard Elizabeth T. , Millard Hun , Fan Siyan , Spencer Linda , Wang Fei , Pittman Brian , Constable R. Todd , Gross James J. , Blumberg Hilary P. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectivesEmotion regulation difficulties precipitate and exacerbate acute mood symptoms in individuals with bipolar disorder (BD), and contribute to suicidal behavior. However, few studies have examined regional brain responses in explicit emotion regulation during acute BD mood states, or hopelessness, a major suicide risk factor. We assessed brain responses during explicit emotion regulation, and their relationship with hopelessness, in acutely symptomatic and euthymic individuals with BD.MethodsFunctional MRI data were obtained from individuals with BD who were either in acute negative (BD‐A; n = 24) or euthymic (BD‐E; n = 24) mood states, and from healthy volunteers (HV; n = 55), while participants performed a paradigm that instructed them to downregulate their responses to fearful (EmReg‐Fear) and happy (EmReg‐Happy) facial stimuli. Emotion regulation‐related differences in brain responses during negative and euthymic BD states, as well as their associations with negative affective symptoms (hopelessness and depression), were examined.ResultsDecreased responses were observed in ventral and dorsal frontal regions, including medial orbitofrontal (mOFC) and dorsal anterior cingulate cortices, during EmReg‐Fear across symptomatic and euthymic states in participants with BD relative to HVs. The lowest responses were observed in the BD‐A group. Across BD participants, negative associations were observed between mOFC responses and hopelessness, particularly due to loss of motivation. Differences were not significant during EmReg‐Happy.ConclusionsLesser emotion regulation‐related ventral and dorsal frontal engagement in BD could represent a trait abnormality that worsens during acute negative states. The reduced mOFC engagement in BD during explicit regulation of negative emotions may contribute to hopelessness particularly in the context of diminished motivation.