bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Porous Organic Polymer Nanotrap for Efficient Extraction of Palladium
Authors: Aguila Briana , Sun Qi , Cassady Harper C. , Shan Chuan , Liang Zhiqiang , Al‐Enizic Abdullah M. , Nafadyc Ayman , Wright Joshua T. , Meulenberg Robert W. , Ma Shengqian 
Published: May 2020

AbstractTo offset the environmental impact of platinum‐group element (PGE) mining, recycling techniques are being explored. Porous organic polymers (POPs) have shown significant promise owing to their selectivity and ability to withstand harsh conditions. A series of pyridine‐based POP nanotraps, POP‐Py, POP‐pNH2‐Py, and POP‐oNH2‐Py, have been designed and systematically explored for the capture of palladium, one of the most utilized PGEs. All of the POP nanotraps demonstrated record uptakes and rapid capture, with the amino group shown to be vital in improving performance. Further testing on the POP nanotrap regeneration and selectivity found that POP‐oNH2‐Py outperformed POP‐pNH2‐Py. Single‐crystal X‐ray analysis indicated that POP‐oNH2‐Py provided a stronger complex compared to POP‐pNH2‐Py owing to the intramolecular hydrogen bonding between the amino group and coordinated chlorine molecules. These results demonstrate how slight modifications to adsorbents can maximize their performance.
Computational investigation of the strategy of DNA/RNA stabilization through the study of the conjugation of an oligonucleotide with silver and gold nanoparticles
Authors: Aali Elahe , Shokuhi Rad Ali , Esfahanian Mehri 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis research deals with the potential of metallic nanoparticles in DNA/RNA stabilization. In this regard, the interaction of adenosine monophosphate (AMP) as a representative of the nucleotide family was theoretically investigated through density functional theory. AMP is a short form of DNA or RNA macromolecules that can interact with gold (Au) and silver (Ag) nanoparticles. The literature represents the thiolation of oligonucleotides as a suitable way for DNA/RNA adsorption on the stated nanoparticles. In this study, the role of different solvents on the thiolation of AMP is scrutinized. The results showed that acetonitrile is the best solvent for the thiolation of AMP with reaction enthalpy (ΔH) of −66.3 kJ/mol. The adsorption of thiolated adenosine monophosphate (TAMP) on the surface of Ag/Au nanoparticles (Ag/AuNP) was studied in different solvents, and in the gas phase. Our results revealed the interaction of TAMP with adsorption energies of −65.3 and −74.1 kJ/mol (gas phase), −54.8 and −62.5 kJ/mol (acetonitrile), and −59.2 and −70.6 kJ/mol (water) on AgNPs and AuNPs, respectively. AuNPs have a shorter bond distance in adsorption of TAMP compared to AgNPs (2.61 vs. 2.78 Å). For all systems, the frontier molecular orbital, the electronic charge passed through the nanoparticles, the density of states, and the molecular electrostatic potential were investigated. The results confirm the suitability of these nanoparticles as carriers for nucleotides that may be useful in gen delivery applications.
Quotas and ballots: The impact of positive action policies on women's representation in Indonesia
Authors: Perdana Aditya , Hillman Ben 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis article examines the impact of the legal candidate quota for women in Indonesia following the 2019 general elections. It argues that the legal candidate quota is working to increase women's numerical representation, even if progress is gradual and hard won. Second, it has become clear that the position of candidates on party lists is critical for electoral success. Awareness of this issue empowers women candidates and activists to lobby political parties to improve women's positions on party lists as a demonstration of political parties' commitment to gender equality. A third observation is that the turnover of women parliamentarians remains high, which means women still struggle to build careers as legislators and to effect legislative change in the interests of women. The article also addresses the role of political parties in selecting and promoting a minimum of 30% women candidates and argues that party structures are an obstacle, especially party organisations that purport to promote women's issues. Findings from this study suggest that Indonesia does not need major electoral reform to strengthen women's numerical representation in parliament. However, women candidates will need more support from political parties if they are to win and retain more seats.
Stress testing network reconstruction via graphical causal model
Authors: Rojas Helder , Dias David 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAn resilience optimal evaluation of financial portfolios implies having plausible hypotheses about the multiple interconnections between the macroeconomic variables and the risk parameters. In this article, we propose a graphical model for the reconstruction of the causal structure that links the multiple macroeconomic variables and the assessed risk parameters, it is this structure that we call stress testing network. In this model, the relationships between the macroeconomic variables and the risk parameter define a “relational graph” among their time‐series, where related time‐series are connected by an edge. Our proposal is based on the temporal causal models, but unlike, we incorporate specific conditions in the structure which correspond to intrinsic characteristics this type of networks. Using the proposed model and given the high‐dimensional nature of the problem, we used regularization methods to efficiently detect causality in the time‐series and reconstruct the underlying causal structure. In addition, we illustrate the use of model in credit risk data of a portfolio. Finally, we discuss its uses and practical benefits in stress testing.
Reading versus Seeing? Winckelmann's Excerpting Practice and the Genealogy of Art History
Authors: Décultot Elisabeth 
Published: May 2020

AbstractFrom his arrival in Italy in 1755, Winckelmann's work is infused throughout by a fundamental antinomy: reading versus seeing. This antinomy possesses for him a decidedly epistemological significance: it allows him to present himself as the father of a discipline deserving of its name, i.e., the history of art. In Geschichte der Kunst des Alterthums (1764), he claims to break with a long tradition of art discourse which had been primarily supported by ancient texts, basing his book instead on the direct observation of the artworks. The aim of this paper is to critically examine this antinomy. How does seeing relate to reading in his working method? What relationship does art history, in the empirical dimension Winckelmann wanted to give it, have to book knowledge? Winckelmann's excerpts collection provides valuable answers to these questions. Following an old scholarly tradition, Winckelmann used to write down passages of his readings, constituting a vast handwritten library of excerpts which never left him. The result of this intense excerpting practice consists in some 7,500 pages, which allow to better define the share of empirical observation and book‐based knowledge in his approach to ancient art.
Metabolomic characterization of semen from asthenozoospermic patients using ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry
Authors: Li Li , Hao Xinrui , Chen Hua , Wang Liyuan , Chen Aolei , Song Xiaotian , Hu Zhiyan , Su Ying , Lin Han , Fan Pei 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAsthenozoospermia (AS) is a common factor of male infertility, and its pathogenesis remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the differential seminal plasma metabolic pattern in asthenozoospermic men and to identify potential biomarkers in relation to spermatogenic dysfunction using sensitive ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem quadruple time‐of‐flight MS (UHPLC–Q‐TOF/MS). The samples of seminal plasma from patients with AS (n = 20) and healthy controls (n = 20) were checked and differentiated by UHPLC–Q‐TOF/MS. Compared with the control group, the AS group showed a total of nine significantly different metabolites, including increases in creatinine, uric acid, N6‐methyladenosine (m6A), uridine, and taurine and decreases in carnitine, nicotinamide, N‐acetylputrescine and l‐palmitoylcarnitine. By analyzing the correlation among these metabolites and clinical computer‐assisted semen analysis reports, we found that m6A is significantly correlated with not only the four decreased metabolites but also with sperm count, motility, and curvilinear velocity. Furthermore, nicotinamide was shown to correlate with other identified metabolites, indicating its important role in the metabolic pathway of AS. Current results implied that sensitive untargeted seminal plasma metabolomics could identify distinct metabolic patterns of AS and would help clinicians by offering novel cues for discovering the pathogenesis of male infertility.
Validation of a sensitive and specific LC–MS/MS method and application to evaluate the systemic exposure and bioavailability of glycopyrrolate via different drug delivery approaches/devices
Authors: Shi Lei , Ngounou Wetie Armand Gatien , Wang Weimin , Chen Yu‐Luan 
Published: May 2020

AbstractA specific and sensitive LC–MS/MS method using d3‐glycopyrrolate as the internal standard (IS) was developed for the quantitative determination of glycopyrrolate (GLY) in human plasma over a concentration range of 4.00–2000 pg/ml. The GLY and IS were extracted using a solid‐phase extraction cartridge, then eluted with 0.5% formic acid in 70:30 acetonitrile–water. The eluate was directly injected into an Agilent Pursuit 5PFP column for analysis using an isocratic mobile phase of 50:50 A:B at a flow‐rate of 0.500 ml/min (A, 10 mm ammonium acetate in 1% formic acid; B, methanol). The MS detection was in positive mode by monitoring m/z 318.3 → 116.1 (GLY) and 321.3 → 119.1 (IS). The method validation showed the linearity of r2 ≥ 0.9960, intra‐/inter‐run precisions of ≤11.1% coefficient of variation and accuracies ranging from −2.5 to 12.8% relative error for all levels of quality control samples. This method was successfully employed to support a clinical study to compare absorption and bioavailability of GLY administered by a Magnair® eFlow nebulizer to a Seebri® Breezhaler® with/without a charcoal blockade of gastric absorption. By comparison with intravenous administration, respective bioavailabilities of ~15% for GLY/Magnair and ~22% for the Seebri Breezhaler were found. The bioanalytical reliability was also demonstrated by satisfactory incurred sample reanalysis performance.
Method development and validation of LC–MS/MS‐based assay for the simultaneous quantitation of trastuzumab and pertuzumab in cynomolgus monkey serum and its application in pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Gui Luo‐lan , Li Li , Dong Li‐hou , Xiang Shen‐si , Zhai Jian‐ping , Ge Zhi‐qiang , Song Hai‐feng 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWe present a simple and robust LC–MS/MS assay for the simultaneous quantitation of an antibody cocktail of trastuzumab and pertuzumab in monkey serum. The LC–MS/MS method saved costs, decreased the analysis time, and reduced quantitative times relative to the traditional ligand‐binding assays. The serum samples were digested with trypsin at 50°C for 60 min after methanol precipitation, ammonium bicarbonate denaturation, dithiothreitol reduction, and iodoacetamide alkylation. The tryptic peptides were chromatographically separated using a C18 column (2.1 × 50 mm, 2.6 μm) with mobile phases of 0.1% formic acid in water and acetonitrile. The other monoclonal antibody, infliximab, was used as internal standards to minimize the variability during sample processing and detection. A unique peptide for each monoclonal antibody was simultaneously quantified using LC–MS/MS in the multiple reaction monitoring mode. Calibration curves were linear from 2.0 to 400 μg/mL. The intra‐ and inter‐assay precision (%CV) was within 8.9 and 7.4% (except 10.4 and 15.1% for lower limit of quantitation), respectively, and the accuracy (%Dev) was within ±13.1%. The other validation parameters were evaluated, and all results met the acceptance criteria of the international guiding principles. Finally, the method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetics study after a single‐dose intravenous drip administration to cynomolgus monkeys.
Risk factors for intracranial infection after craniotomy: A case–control study
Authors: Wang Li‐Yi , Cao Xu‐Hua , Shi Li‐Ke , Ma Zhi‐Zhao , Wang Yue , Liu Yan 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundIntracranial infection, serving as a severe postoperative infection after craniotomy, poses significant problems for patients' outcomes.ObjectiveTo explore risk factors for intracranial infection after craniotomy.MethodsA total of 2,174 patients who underwent craniotomy from 1 May 2018 to 30 June 2019 were retrospectively studied. Finally, 196 patients with intracranial infections were classified as case group, and 392 patients randomly selected from patients without intracranial infection were classified as control group. Demographic, clinical, laboratory, microbiological, and antimicrobial data were systemically recorded. The characteristics, pre‐ and postoperative variables, and other variables were evaluated as risk factors for intracranial infection by univariate analysis and binary logistic regression model.ResultsThere was no significant difference in terms of demographics between two groups, except for gender, hypertension, length of stay (LOS), intraoperative blood loss, tumor, and trauma surgery. The independent risk factors were male, age ≤45, hypertension, tumor surgery, surgery in autumn (compared with spring), surgical duration ≥4 hr, intraoperative blood loss ≥400 ml, and postoperative oral infection, coma, and serum RBC > normal value. Trauma surgery (p < .001, OR = 0.05, 95% CI: 0.017–0.144) was an independent protective factor (p < .05, OR < 1) for intracranial infection. All 196 patients in the case group submitted specimens for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cultures, and 70 (35.71%) patients had positive results. Gram‐positive pathogens predominated (59 cases, 84.28%). Staphylococcus were the most common causative pathogens, and fully resistant to aztreonam, cefazolin, and benzylpenicillin, but not resistant to linezolid and minocycline.ConclusionIdentifying the risk factors, pathogens, and pathogens' antibiotic resistance for intracranial infection after craniotomy plays an important role in the prognosis of patients.
Determinants of green marketing mix in developing economies: Conceptualisation and scale validation approach
Authors: Mehraj Danish , Qureshi Ishtiaq Hussain 
Published: May 2020

AbstractGrowing environmental issues and rising concerns about sustainable development are rapidly shifting the traditional marketing and forcing organisations to practice green marketing mix. In an attempt to revisit present‐day environmental issues which are related to the industry, this paper provides a glimpse about the nature of green marketing mix in the Indian context. To validate the model, data were collected from 450 firms and was analysed using an appropriate statistical tool. The results identified four factors for green marketing mix scale: (a) Green Solution, (b) Green Information, (c) Green Value and (d) Green Access. The findings contribute to the theory of green marketing concept. The study is expected to provide valuable insights into the green marketing mix for the industry, which can be of immense help to local and global marketers. Further, it provides a wide‐ranging scale for the academic researchers who want to explore the green marketing mix in different organisational settings as a base for future study.
Variability of the maxillary suture maturation and density in the subjects with different sex and growth status
Authors: Betlej Anna , Gandhi Vaibhav , Upadhyay Madhur , Allareddy Veerasathpurush , Tadinada Aditya , Yadav Sumit 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIntroductionThe objective of this study was to classify median palatine suture (MPS) maturation type in young and adult patients. Additionally, we compared MPS maturity type and density based on sex and growth status.Materials and methodsIn this retrospective cone beam computed tomography study, we included a total of 221 subjects, grouped based on sex and growth status. Once scans were aligned and oriented in the sagittal view, we conducted our evaluations on the axial sections. Based on interdigitation and shape, the MPS were categorized into Maturation Types A through E. Additionally, MPS density was measured as Hounsfield unit equivalent pixel intensity value scale for anterior and posterior sutural regions.ResultsThe majority of male (39%) and female (42%) subjects had MPS Maturation Type C. A maximum number of growing (42%) patients had Type C and nongrowing subjects (39%) had Type E sutures. The sex comparison showed significantly lower (p < .001) MPS density for both anterior and posterior regions in males when compared to females. Additionally, for the posterior region, nongrowing males had significantly lower (p < .001) MPS density when compared to nongrowing females. Subgroup comparisons of the MPS densities between growing and nongrowing males and growing and nongrowing females showed a significant difference (p < .001).ConclusionClassification of the MPS based on the maturation types provides a reliable predictor for orthodontic treatment planning. MPS density is significantly higher in females as compared to males. Similarly, nongrowing individuals have significantly higher MPS density compared to growing individuals for both anterior and posterior locations.
A death in the family: Citizens' experiences of changing healthcare commissioning practices in South East England
Authors: Graber Rebecca , Zoli Anna , Walker Carl , Artaraz Kepa 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe Brighton Citizens Health Services Survey was an academic activism project to identify and understand citizens' perceptions of and responses to healthcare commissioning practices. Significant legislated changes to the National Health System (NHS) across England have increased marketisation in healthcare provision, yet little research has explored the psychological dimensions of this shifting context and its community impact. Taking a community psychological perspective to social policy, we aimed to understand lay citizens' lived experience of changes in healthcare commissioning and provision. Thematic analysis of 379 free‐text responses yielded two thematic clusters. Cluster 1 describes the lived experience of citizens considering reforms to the NHS, depicting grief, mortality and fear in uncertainty. Cluster 2 explores where these affective responses may derive from by detailing conceptualisations of the NHS in the lived experience, describing how the NHS was experienced as a complex and embodied phenomenological object. Findings suggest people relate affectively to local commissioning practices, feeling a sense of loss when facing the degradation of ‘their’ NHS. We argue that an affective relational perspective centres important questions of silencing, voice‐giving, meaningful engagement and ways of knowing that in turn impact the landscape of community health.
Coronary artery perforation into the upper gastrointestinal cavity due to gastric ulceration
Authors: Yamanaga Kenshi , Sakamoto Kenji , Kajiwara Ichiro , Tsujita Kenichi 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAn 82‐year‐old man who had previously undergone a proximal gastrectomy with jejunal interposition surgery for stomach cancer was transferred to our hospital for massive hematemesis and hypotension. His electrocardiogram showed ST‐segment elevation in lead ΙΙ, ΙΙΙ, aVF, which confirmed inferior myocardial infarction. Due to active hematemesis, upper endoscopy was performed initially. A visible vessel of gastric ulceration was discovered, and hemostasis was achieved using hemoclips. Subsequently, coronary angiography was performed since the right coronary artery (RCA) segment 4 atrioventricular (AV) was occluded. After thrombectomy and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS), 2.0 mm balloon angioplasty was done, and coronary perforation occurred. During coronary angiography, extravasation of the contrast material into the gastrointestinal cavity was noted. A covered stent was placed across segment 3 to segment 4 descending posteriorly (PD) to stop the blood supply to the perforation site of segment 4 AV. After stenting, adequate re‐hemostasis was achieved. The patient was discharged after 28 days. This is the first report of a coronary artery perforation into the gastrointestinal cavity.
Intravascular ultrasound‐guided pulmonary artery embolectomy for saddle pulmonary embolism
Authors: Effoe Valery S. , Kumar Gautam , Sachdeva Rajesh 
Published: May 2020

AbstractA percutaneous catheter‐directed treatment approach is preferred among patients with acute submassive pulmonary embolism (PE) and chronic kidney disease (CKD), who are at significant risk of bleeding with thrombolytics. Limiting contrast volume in these patients could reduce morbidity and mortality associated with contrast‐induced acute kidney injury (CI‐AKI). We present the case of a 61‐year‐old African American woman (BMI 46.9 kg/m2) with multiple comorbidities, including a PE 3 years prior (not currently on anticoagulation) and CKD (GFR 33 ml/min/1.73/m2), presented to the emergency department with 3 weeks of dyspnea on exertion which worsened 3–5 days preceding her presentation. On examination, she was hemodynamically stable, oxygen saturation was 88% on 5 l, in mild respiratory distress with bilateral lower extremity pitting edema. Troponin was 0.06 ng/ml (ref. <0.04), B‐type natriuretic peptide was 932 pg/ml (ref. ≤78), arterial oxygen partial pressure was 56 (ref. 80–110) and hemoglobin was 10.1 g/dl (ref. 11.3–15.0). Computed tomography pulmonary angiography performed with IV contrast showed a saddle embolus with evidence of right heart strain (RV/LV ratio: 2.05). A transthoracic echocardiogram showed a dilated RV and mean pulmonary artery pressure was 53 mmHg on right heart catheterization. She underwent a successful catheter‐directed pulmonary embolectomy with the aid of an intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) along with fluoroscopy. To prevent CI‐AKI, intravenous contrast was not used for the procedure. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of an “IVUS‐only” approach in a patient with acute submassive PE and CKD.
Urea Decomposition and Implication for NOx Reduction with Cu‐Zeolite and Vanadia‐Selective Catalytic Reduction
Authors: Wu Yi-Jiang , Wang Fengshuang , Tang Weiyong , Kakwani Ramesh , Hou Yaling , Feng Gang 
Published: May 2020

AbstractUnderstanding urea decomposition is critical to achieve highly efficient selective catalytic reduction (SCR). The urea decomposition process in an exhaust pipe and in Cu‐zeolite and vanadia‐SCR (V‐SCR) was studied in engine test cells. The unconverted urea at the SCR inlet can be substantial at lower temperatures. HNCO and NH3 are two dominant products at the SCR inlet. Urea and HNCO continue to decompose in SCR catalysts, with a rate much faster than in the homogeneous stream. The HNCO hydrolysis process is extremely efficient in Cu‐zeolite SCR and the abundant NH3 from urea overdosing can improve the NOx conversion efficiency. While for V‐SCR, the HNCO hydrolysis reaction can become the rate‐limiting step (especially after aging), abundant urea at low temperatures impairs NOx reduction.