bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Silencing SHMT2&nbsp;Inhibits the Progression of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Through Cell Cycle Regulation
Authors: Liao Yan , Wang Fang , Zhang Yadong , Cai Hongshi , Song Fan , Hou Jinsong 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background Serine hydroxymethyltransferase 2 (SHMT2) is a vital metabolic enzyme, which catalyzes the conversion of serine to glycine in one-carbon metabolism. SHMT2 has been reported to play a crucial role in the progression of tumors, but its function in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains unclear.Method SHMT2 expression was analyzed using publicly-available online databases, and assessed using immunohistochemistry staining of collected clinical specimens. The correlation between SHMT2 expression and the cell cycle was predicted through bioinformatic analysis, including weighted gene co-expression network analysis and gene set enrichment analysis. After transfection with siRNA CCK8 assay, Edu staining, flow cytometry, transwell, and wound healing experiments were performed to verify the functional role of SHMT2 in vitro. A stable cell line with SHMT2 silencing was established to detect the oncogenic function of SHMT2 in vivo.Results We found that SHMT2 was up-regulated in OSCC tissues and cell lines, and high level of SHMT2 was significantly linked with a poorer clinical outcome for OSCC patients. Bioinformatic analysis found that SHMT2 was closely related with cell cycle regulation. Down-regulation of SHMT2 effectively suppressed the proliferation rate of OSCC cells, and induced the prolongation of the G1 phase of the cell cycle in vitro. Western blotting found that cell cycle-related regulators such as cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) and cyclinD1 expression levels were increased, while the expression levels of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p21Cip1 and p27Kip1 were decreased after SHMT2 knockdown. Invasive and migrative ability and epithelial mesenchymal transition were impaired by SHMT2 knockdown. Silencing SHMT2 in the HN6 cell line using short hairpin RNA impeded tumor growth in vivo.Conclusion Our findings suggested that high expression of SHMT2 in OSCC indicated low survival rates, and was associated with malignant behaviors of OSCC. SHMT2 may serve as a novel prognostic and therapeutic target of interest in OSCC.
Liquid Biopsy for Colorectal Adenoma: Is the Exosomal miRNA Derived from Organoid a Potential Diagnostic Biomarker?
Authors: Handa Tomoyuki , Kuroha Masatake , Nagai Hiroshi , Shimoyama Yusuke , Naito Takeo , Moroi Rintaro , Kanazawa Yoshitake , Shiga Hisashi , Kakuta Yoichi , Kinouchi Yoshitaka , Masamune Atsushi 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have attracted considerable attention as tumor biomarkers. Nevertheless, few reports have described studies of colorectal adenoma (CRA) for liquid biopsy. Recently, organoid culture system development has supported the long-term expansion of investigations of human colon epithelium. This study examined the profile of exosomal miRNAs extracted from CRA organoid and potentiation of candidate miRNAs for clinical application of liquid biopsy in CRA patients. Method: We established organoids from normal colon tissues and CRA from endoscopically resected specimens. Exosomes were prepared from the conditioned medium of the organoids. miRNAs were prepared from the exosomes and their source organoids. The microRNA expression profiles were compared using microarray analysis. To investigate exosomal miRNAs extracted from organoid culture as a candidate for liquid biopsy, we prospectively compared changes in the expression of serum and exosomal miRNA before and after endoscopic resection in 26 patients with CRA.Result: We established three organoid lines from normal colon epithelium and CRA. Microarray analysis revealed that seven exosomal miRNAs expression in CRA organoids were increased compared with normal colon organoids: miR-4323, miR-4284, miR-1268a, miR-1290, miR-6766-3p, miR-21-5p, and miR-1246. The expressions of four exosomal miRNAs (miR-4323, miR-4284, miR-1290, and miR-1246) and two serum miRNAs (miR-1290 and miR-1246) were significantly lower in post-treatment sera. Combinations of four exosomal miRNA expressions can differentiate both CRA and large-size (>12.6 cm2) CRA with respective areas under the curve (AUCs) of 0.698 (95% CI = 0.536–0.823) and 0.834 (95% CI = 0.660–0.929). Combinations of two-serum miRNA expression can differentiate both CRA and large-size CRA with respective AUCs of 0.691 (95% CI = 0.528–0.817) and 0.834 (95% CI = 0.628–0.938). Conclusion: This report is the first to show that exosomal miRNAs derived from CRA organoid culture have potential for use as diagnostic biomarkers for CRA.
The Clinical Results of Arthroscopic Treatment for Calcified Tendinitis of Rotator Cuff—— A Retrospective Study With No Less Than 2 Years Follow Up
Authors: Li Tao , Xiong Yan , Qing WanYi , Li Jian , Tang Xin 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background The treatment of CT remains controversial. The aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the pain and functional outcomes of arthroscopic excision with or without rotator cuff repair for treating calcified tendinitis of the rotator cuff.Methods Between Jan 2015 and Apr 2018, a total of 38 patients with 39 shoulders CT of the rotator cuff underwent arthroscopic surgery and were followed for at least two years. The clinical outcomes were evaluated at intervals of 2, 4, and 8 weeks and 3, 6，12 and 24 months after the surgery and annually thereafter. The efficacy measures included the visual analogue scale (VAS) score, University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) score, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score and radiographic outcomes.Results All patients underwent follow-ups, and the mean follow-up time was 45.38 months. The VAS score significantly decreased from 73.59±11.35 mm before the surgery to 26.41±10.63 mm at 6 months after surgery and continued to decrease to 5.64±5.02 mm at the end of the follow-up period (all p < 0.01). This result was supported by a significant increase in both the UCLA score and ASES score (all p<0.01) after surgery. Plain radiographs after surgery revealed complete calcification removal in all patients. No recurrence was observed during the follow-up period.Conclusions Arthroscopic excision can relieve pain and improve shoulder joint function in patients with CT. Additional randomized controlled studies need to be conducted to confirm our findings.
Reconstruction for Massive Proximal Tibial Bone Defects Using Patient-customized Three-dimensional-printed Metaphyseal Cones in Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Li Yang , Wang Xinguang , Tian Hua 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: The reconstruction of massive bone defects is one of the main challenges in revision total knee arthroplasty (RTKA). Although several methods are available, each of them has its prominent shortcomings. The purpose of this study is to review the clinical outcomes of RTKA with massive proximal tibial bone defects using patient-customized three-dimensional (3D)-printed highly porous metaphyseal cones.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed seven RTKAs with Anderson Orthopaedic Research Institute (AORI) type III tibial defects using patient-customized 3D-printed highly porous metaphyseal cones, which have been performed at a single institution between 2016 and 2018. Results: The mean age at diagnosis of the patients was 68 years old (61-77). The mean length of follow-up was 25.3 months (19-36). At the latest follow-up, no aseptic loosening or prosthetic joint infection has been determined. The mean HSS increased from 49 (39-63) to 78 (70-83) (P<0.01); the mean WOMAC increased from 59 (46-73) to 26 (12-38) (P<0.01). All patients obtained the range of motion and mechanical alignment improvement postoperatively.Conclusion: The patient-customized 3D-printed metaphyseal cone could be a promising technique in addressing severe tibial defects in RTKA. Our study shows encouraging short-term clinical and radiological outcomes with no aseptic loosening, periprosthetic infection, or fracture. Nevertheless, further follow-up and the expansion of sample size are needed to demonstrate the advantage of this innovative technique fully.
Exploiting Prunability for Person Re-identification
Authors: Masson Hugo , Bhuiyan Md Amran Hossen , Nguyen-Meidine Le Than , Javan Mehrsan , Siva Parthipan , Ayed Ismail Ben , Granger Eric 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Recent years have witnessed a substantial increase in the deep learning (DL) architectures proposed for visual recognition tasks like person re-identification, where individuals must be recognized over multiple distributed cameras. Although these architectures have greatly improved the state-of-the-art accuracy, the computational complexity of the CNNs commonly used for feature extraction remains an issue, hindering their deployment on platforms with limited resources, or in applications with real-time constraints. There is an obvious advantage to accelerating and compressing DL models without significantly decreasing their accuracy. However, the source (pruning) domain differs from operational (target) domains, and the domain shift between image data captured with different non-overlapping camera viewpoints leads to lower recognition accuracy. In this paper, we investigate the prunability of these architectures under different design scenarios. This paper first revisits pruning techniques that are suitable for reducing the computational complexity of deep CNN networks applied to person re-identification. Then, these techniques are analysed according to their pruning criteria and strategy, and according to different scenarios for exploiting pruningmethods to ne-tuning networks to target domains. Experimental results obtained using DL models with ResNet feature extractors, and multiple benchmarks re-identification datasets, indicate that pruning can considerably reduce network complexity while maintaining a high level of accuracy. In scenarios where pruning is performed with large pre-training or ne-tuning datasets, the number of FLOPS required by ResNet architectures is reduced by half, while maintaining a comparable rank-1 accuracy (within 1% of the original model). Pruning while training a larger CNNs can also provide a significantly better performance than ne-tuning smaller ones.
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis in Harlequin Ichthyosis, a Rare Combination or the Clinical Spectrum of the Disease? Report of a Child Treated With Etanercept and Review of the Literature&nbsp;
Authors: Baldo Francesco , Brena Michela , Carbogno Simone , Minoia Francesca , Lanni Stefani , Guez Sophie , Petaccia Antonella , Agostoni Carlo , Cimaz Rolando , Filocamo Giovanni 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background. Harlequin ichthyosis (HI) is the most severe phenotype of autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis. Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) represents a heterogenous group of disorders all sharing the clinical manifestation of chronic arthritis. Association of HI and chronic arthritis has been reported in few cases. Case presentation. We report the case of a child HI who developed a severe form of chronic polyarthritis during the first years of life, treated with repeated multiple joint injections, methotrexate and etanercept with good response and any adverse events. Conclusion. The case reported, followed by a review of the literature, could suggest the possibility that the presence of this peculiar severe polyarthritis with early onset and FR / ANA negativity, could be part of the clinical manifestation of Harlequin Ichthyosis instead that a rare combination of two diseases as reported by previous papers.
Pushing the limits of solubility prediction via quality-oriented data selection
Authors: Sorkun Murat , Koelman J. M. , Er Süleyman 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Accurate prediction of the solubility of chemical substances in solvents remains a challenge. The sparsity of high-quality solubility data is recognized as the biggest hurdle in the development of robust data-driven methods for practical use. Nonetheless, the effects of the quality and quantity of data on aqueous solubility predictions have not yet been scrutinized. In this study, the roles of the size and the quality of datasets on the performances of the solubility prediction models are unraveled, and the concepts of actual and observed performances are introduced. In an effort to curtail the gap between actual and observed performances, a quality-oriented data selection method, which evaluates the quality of data and extracts the most accurate part of it through statistical validation, is designed. Applying this method on the largest publicly available solubility database and using a consensus machine learning approach, a top-performing solubility prediction model is achieved.
Impact of Haemophilus Influenzae Type B Combination Vaccination on Asthma Symptoms and Pneumonia in 5-year-old Children in Rural Bangladesh: a Case-control Study and Comparison With a Previous Cross-sectional Study&nbsp;
Authors: TAKEUCHI HARUKO , Hasan S. M. Tafsir , Zaman Khalequ , Takanashi Sayaka , Hore Samar Kumar , Yeasmin Sultana , Ahmad Shaikh Meshbahuddin , Alam Md Jahangir , Jimba Masamine , Iwata Tsutomu , Khan Md Alfazal 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Although the prevalence of bronchial asthma has been increasing worldwide since the 1970’s, the prevalence among 5-year-old children was significantly lower in 2016 than in 2001 in rural Bangladesh. We aimed to determine whether the Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) combination vaccination (without booster) started in 2009 contributed to this decrease.Methods: A case-control study was conducted among 1658 randomly selected 5-year-old children from Matlab, Bangladesh. Data on wheezing were collected using the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood questionnaire. The vaccination data were collected from the records of the Matlab Health and Demographic Surveillance System, while data on pneumonia were obtained from the clinical records of Matlab Hospital. Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) were calculated for the risk for wheezing. The reduction rate was calculated to determine the impact of the vaccination on pneumonia history between the present study and our previous study conducted in 2001 by using the following formula: (percentage of pneumonia cases in 2001 - percentage of pneumonia cases in 2016)/(percentage of pneumonia cases in 2001) times 100 (%).Results: Hib combination vaccination was a protecting factor against wheezing (aOR: 0.50; p = 0.010), while pneumonia at 1, 2, 3–4 years of age were risk factors for wheezing (aOR: 2.86, 3.19, 2.86; p = 0.046, 0.030, 0.030, respectively). The history of pneumonia was significantly lower in the 2016 study participants than those in 2001 both in the overall cohort and the wheezing group (paired t-test: p = 0.012, p < 0.001, respectively). Whereas the history of pneumonia decreased when the children grew older in the 2001 overall cohort, it peaked at the age of 2 years in 2016 wheezing group. The reduction rate decreased when children grew older in both the overall cohort and the wheezing group, however, it decreased faster in the wheezing group.Conclusions: Hib combination vaccination was a protective factor against wheezing in 0-year-old children. However, the effects of vaccination might have attenuated at the ages of 1-4 years, because no booster dose was administered. The addition of a booster dose might further decrease the prevalence of asthma and wheezing.
Herpes Infections in Suspected Cases of Yellow Fever in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Authors: Makiala-Mandanda Sheila , Abbate Jessica L , Pukuta-Simbu Elisabeth , Ahuka-Mundeke Steve , Muyembe-Tamfum Jean-Jacques , Leroy Eric M , Becquart Pierre 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

In the battle to quickly identify potential yellow fever arbovirus outbreaks in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, active surveillance of acute febrile jaundice patients across the country is a powerful tool. However, patients who test negative for yellow fever virus infection are too often left without a diagnosis. By retroactively screening samples for other potential viral infections, we can both try to find sources of patient disease and also gain information on how commonly they circulate in the population. Here, we assessed the prevalence of human herpes viruses (HHVs) in these acute febrile jaundice disease samples. We found 22.6% had active HHV replication, and that over half were characterized by co-infection either among HHVs or between HHVs and other viral infections previously identified. Our results show that the role of HHV primary infection or reactivation in contributing to acute febrile jaundice disease should be further investigated.
A Study of Genetic Variants in Genes of Glutamate Signaling and Risk of Childhood Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Liu Jun , Yu Hong , Hu Pingfang , Yang Aiping , Zhang Zengyu 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Dysfunction of glutamate signaling has been implicated in the etiology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This case-control study was to examine the association between childhood ASD and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes of the glutamate signaling pathway in a Chinese Han population.Methods: A total of 12 SNPs in the SLC1A1, SLC25A12, GRM7 and GRM8 genes were examined. The Children Autism Rating Scale (CARS) was applied to evaluate the severity of the disease. The relationship between SNPs and the risk of ASD or the severity of the disease was determined by logistic regression.Results: The T allele of rs2292813 in the SLC25A12 gene was significantly associated with an increased risk of ASD (odds ratio (OD) =1.7, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.1-2.6, P=0.0107). Other examined SNPs were not associated with the risk of ASD. None of the SNPs examined were associated with the severity of ASD.Conclusions: Our findings support the involvement of SNPs in the SLC25A12 gene, but not SNPs in the SLC1A1, GRM7 and DRM8 genes, in the development of childhood ASD in the Chinese Han population.
Polar and mid-latitude vortices and zonal flows on Jupiter and Saturn
Authors: Heimpel Moritz , Yadav Rakesh , Featherstone Nick , Aurnou Jonathan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Zonal flow on Jupiter and Saturn consists of equatorial super–rotation and alternating East-West jet streams at higher latitudes. Interacting with these zonal flows, numerous vortices occur with various sizes and lifetimes. The Juno mission and Cassini’s grand finale have shown that the zonal jets of Jupiter and Saturn extend deeply into their molecular envelopes. On Jupiter, the vast majority of low and mid-latitude jovian vortices are anticyclonic, whereas cyclones appear at polar latitudes. Cassini mission observations revealed a similar pattern on Saturn; its North and South polar vortices are cyclonic, whereas anticyclones occur at mid-latitudes. We use the recently developed code Rayleigh to run high-resolution simulations of rotating convection in 3D spherical shells. Four model runs are presented that result in dynamical flows that are comparable to those on the giant planets. We confirm previous results, finding that deep convective turbulence can explain the structure of jets. However, the strength and depth of stable stratification, and the latitude, can modify jet morphologies and affect the formation and dynamics of vortices. Lower latitudes favour shallow anticyclonic vortices that form due to upward and divergent flow near the outer boundary. These anticyclones are typically shielded by cyclonic filaments associated with downwelling return flow. In contrast, a single polar cyclone, or clusters of cyclones form near the poles. All of our simulations have this global pattern; a strong preference for shallow anticyclones in the first anticyclonic shear zone away from the equatorial jet (corresponding to the region of the great red spot on Jupiter and Storm Alley on Saturn), cyclonic and anticyclonic vortices at higher mid-latitudes, and a deeply seated cyclone or cyclone clusters at each pole. Our results show that Juno and Cassini observations of cloud-level flow can be explained in terms of deep convective dynamics in the molecular envelopes of Jupiter and Saturn.
Mediating Effect of Deteriorated Kidney Function in Comorbidity-related Excess Deaths in COVID-19: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Luo Dongling , Liu Qiaomei , Xie Changming , Wang Weidong , Wang Xiong , Wu Juan , Xi Maomao , Yin Yilin , Xiong Di , Wu Yuwei , Xie Yuqing , Shi Ximin , Luo Pengcheng , Dong Fang , Huang Hui 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundIn-hospital death risks vary in COVID-19 patients with comorbidities. Kidney function decline is prevalent in this course and found associated with in-hospital death. However, what role it plays is not clear.MethodsTo explore the exact role of deteriorated kidney function, we applied a retrospective cohort study including 1266 participants in Wuhan Tongren Hospital between January 27 and March 3, 2020. Demographic characteristics, preexisting comorbidities history, organ function data and outcomes were extracted. Deteriorated kidney function was identified as the decline percentage, assessed by an increase in peak serum creatinine from the baseline. Mediating effect was calculated by mediation analysis.Key Results1266 hospitalized COVID-19 patients (60±15 years, 47.8% are male) were included, with an overall in-hospital death rate of 4.42% (56/1266). For critical cases, 77.02% had at least one preexisting comorbidity. Patients with comorbidities suffered higher in-hospital death and more severe decline of kidney function. Compared to patients with minor function decline (<10%), significant risk increase was found in those with more severe one (OR 3.57; 95%CI 1.70 to 7.52; P=.001 for moderate with 10-50% decline, and 37.45; 95%CI 18.71 to 74.55; P＜.001 for severe with>50%). More interestingly, the mediation analysis found deteriorated kidney function played as an important mediator between different comorbidities and COVID-19 patients’ in-hospital death, with the mediation effect of 11%, 12%, 16% and 32% respectively for hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cardiovascular disease and chronic kidney disease.ConclusionsAll-cause deteriorated kidney function is strongly associated with increase of in-hospital death in COVID-19 and partially mediates the facilitating effect of preexisting comorbidities on in-hospital death. Thus, dynamic monitoring kidney function, preventing the deterioration of kidney function might be helpful to improve survival in COVID-19 patients, especially those with preexisting comorbidities.