bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Properties of Streamer Wave Events Observed during the STEREO Era
Authors: Decraemer Bieke , Zhukov Andrei N. , Van Doorsselaere Tom 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Transverse waves are sometimes observed in solar helmet streamers, typically after the passage of a coronal mass ejection (CME). The CME-driven shock wave moves the streamer sideways, and a decaying oscillation of the streamer is observed after the CME passage. Previous works generally reported observations of streamer oscillations taken from a single vantage point (typically the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) spacecraft). We conduct a data survey searching for streamer wave events observed by the COR2 coronagraphs on board the STEREO spacecraft. For the first time, we report observations of streamer wave events from multiple vantage points by using the COR2 instrument on both STEREO A and B, as well as the SOHO/LASCO C2+C3 coronagraphs. We investigate the properties of streamer waves by comparing the different events and performing a statistical analysis. Common observational features give us additional insight on the physical nature of streamer wave events. The most important conclusion is that there appears to be no relation between the speed of the CME and the phase speed of the resulting streamer wave, indicating that the streamer wave speed is determined by the physical properties of the streamer rather than the properties of the CME. This result makes streamer wave events excellent candidates for coronal seismology studies. From a comparison between the measured phase speeds and the phase speeds calculated from the measured periods and wavelengths, we could determine that the speed of the postshock solar wind flow in our streamers is around 300 km s−1.
Structurer, encadrer et lisser l’évaluation : les écrits de l’AERES/HCERES
Authors: Barats Christine , Née Émilie 
Published: April 2020

Les écrits produits par l’Agence d’évaluation de la recherche et de l’enseignement supérieur (AERES), devenue en 2013 le Haut Conseil de l’évaluation de la recherche et de l’enseignement supérieur (HCERES), occupent une place centrale à la fois comme cadre d’une pratique évaluative et comme produit de cette pratique. Combinant une analyse sémiologique et discursive, nous avons examiné les enjeux et les effets de sens de ces écrits évaluatifs, que ce soit au regard de leur identité, de leur complexité énonciative ou de leur « raison graphique ». L’incarnation visuelle et graphique de cette nouvelle instance rend ainsi compte de la dimension agonistique et axiologique de l’évaluation. L’analyse des écrits produits (référentiels, rapports…) montre leur dimension formulaire et met au jour la prégnance d’un outil d’analyse emprunté à la stratégie d’entreprise, la matrice SWOT, appréhendée comme une technologie intellectuelle au sens de J. Goody.
Le #Bookporn sur Instagram : poétique d’une littérature ornementale ?
Authors: Siguier Marine 
Published: April 2020

Cet article propose une analyse du phénomène « bookporn » sur Instagram, qui correspond à la mise en scène du livre selon un certain nombre de normes visuelles implicites, structurées à la fois par les usages des internautes et le cadrage éditorial de la plateforme. Il s’agira de montrer que loin d’être l’incarnation d’un ethos littéraire à rebours du flux médiatique, les effets « poétisants » de ces iconographies épousent les normes édictées par le dispositif, plus qu’ils ne les renversent. À cet égard, la présence du livre sur Instagram ne relève pas d’un processus de subversion des logiques du réseau social, mais constitue plutôt la déclinaison d’une potentialité de thématisation offerte par Instagram. À travers les pratiques du « bookporn » se pose donc la question de ce que la littérature fait aux réseaux sociaux, mais également de ce que les réseaux sociaux font à la mise en représentation du littéraire.
An Integrated Conceptual Model for m-Government Acceptance in Developing Countries: The Case Study of Jordan
Authors: Alqaralleh Bassam A. Y. , Al-Omari Ahmad H. , Alksasbeh Malek Zakarya 
Published: April 2020

Mobile information and communication technology changed how people and businesses can benefit from government public services at any time and from anyplace. The success or failure of mobile government services is becoming more dependent on satisfying the needs and the expectations of both citizens and business organizations. This paper reviews and analyses some existing empirical studies that examine m-Government acceptance in some developing countries. Then, a new integrated conceptual model for examining some important key factors that may affect m-Government acceptance in Jordan from user perspective was proposed. An empirical test was conducted using a questionnaire to explore the effect of the following factors: Trust in mobile channel, trust in government, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, service quality and user satisfaction on the behavioural intention to use m-Government applications. Finally, justification of the proposed integrated model and formulation of the associated hypotheses was conducted.
Applying Concept Map to Game-Base Concept Assessment
Authors: Lai Chien-Hung , Jong Bin-Shyan , Hsia Yen-Teh , Lin Tsong-Wuu 
Published: April 2020

There have been lots of studies using traditional concept assessment to measure student’s learning achievement. This study adding game elements in concept assessment try to measure student’s learning achievement, and compare this result with traditional concept assessment to see what’s the difference between traditional concept assessment and adding game element in concept assessment. Traditional concept assessment using SPRT method in multiple-choice to measure student’s concept mastery, our study using the same method and present this method in concept game so that student won’t feel boring and tiring during this assessment. Our study observe each student’s feedback and their concept mastery by using game element to display concept assessment, and analyze is using concept game assessment can shorten student’s test time and improve student learning concept knowledge after assessment, the result shows that when student using concept game assessment they can know their concept mastery immediately by seeing process bar present as their life so the test time will be shorten, and student’s concept knowledge was improved after concept game assessment. Student’s feedback shows that they prefer concept game assessment because they can measure their concept mastery during the concept game assessment; this study shows that adding game element in concept assessment can improve student’s concept mastery and shorten the test time student took.
« Ce n’est pas par pitié… » : l’appel à la pitié, critiques et alternatives
Authors: Doury Marianne 
Published: April 2020

L’appel aux émotions – et, en particulier, l’appel à la pitié – est une stratégie persuasive que l’on peut voir à l’œuvre dans des discussions d’ordre privé, mais aussi, plus massivement, dans la défense de certaines causes, notamment des causes humanitaires. L’appel à la pitié est pourtant parfois pointé comme problématique, et lorsqu’il est disqualifié, il devient nécessaire de recourir à des stratégies argumentatives alternatives. Dans cet article, on fait un point rapide sur l’appel à la pitié, envisagé d’abord dans une perspective rhétorique, puis dans une perspective argumentative. On identifie quelques-unes des critiques adressées à l’appel à la pitié. A partir d’un corpus à visée illustrative, rassemblé via des recherches sur Internet à partir du syntagme « pas par pitié » d’une part, de l’examen des campagnes lancées par des organismes à vocation humanitaire d’autre part, on identifie plusieurs stratégies argumentatives alternatives (principalement, l’appel à la solidarité et l’argument de l’intérêt bien compris), dont on montre comment elles cherchent à déjouer les critiques adressées à l’appel à la pitié. On conclut sur le discours de dénonciation de l’« assistanat » que l’on considérera comme celui qui, parmi les discours de critique des rhétoriques visant à justifier une action altruiste, a le mieux « pris » socialement, et qui circule largement dans l’espace public en France.
Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide Prevents Mortality Caused by Septic Peritonitis in Mice
Authors: Kono Hiroshi , Furuya Shinji , Sun Chao , Akazawa Yoshihiro , Nakata Yuuki , Fukushima Hisataka , Wakana Hiroyuki , Fujii Hideki , Ichikawa Daisuke 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate whether pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) prevents mortality due to sepsis in mice. Mice were given PACAP at designated time points before or after cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), and organ injury and mortality were investigated. Serum inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine levels were assessed after CLP. Plasma corticosterone and adrenocorticotropic hormone levels were also measured. Isolated tissue macrophages (Mfs) were incubated with or without PACAP, and production of cytokines was measured. Activation of NF-κB was investigated in tissue Mfs isolated from CLP animal in the presence and absence PACAP in vitro. PACAP treatment significantly prevented acute lung injury and mortality after CLP. Plasma endotoxin levels and bacterial load were not different between PACAP-treated and nontreated groups. Increased serum TNF-α and HMGB1 levels in animals treated with vehicle were significantly blunted in PACAP-treated animals after CLP. Furthermore, serum IL-10 levels were significantly greater in the PACAP-treated group compared with the vehicle group. Production of HMGB1 and TNF-α by isolated hepatic Mfs was significantly inhibited in the presence of PACAP, whereas production of IL-10 by isolated hepatic Mfs and interstitial lung Mfs was significantly increased. Plasma corticosterone and adrenocorticotropic hormone levels were significantly greater in the animals treated with PACAP compared with vehicle after CLP. Activation of NF-κB was significantly inhibited by PACAP in the hepatic Mfs compared with other tissue Mfs. PACAP prevents mortality due to septic peritonitis by inhibiting inflammation via NF-κB activation and possible effects on the brain.
A MicroRNA-1–Mediated Inhibition of the NF-κB Pathway by the JAK-STAT Pathway in the Invertebrate Litopenaeus vannamei
Authors: Zuo Hongliang , Weng Kejia , Luo Mengting , Yang Linwei , Weng Shaoping , He Jianguo , Xu Xiaopeng 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The JAK-STAT and NF-κB pathways are conserved cellular signaling cascades orchestrating a variety of biological processes. The regulatory interactions between these two pathways have been well studied in vertebrates but less concerned in invertebrates, hindering further understanding of immune signaling evolution. The Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei is now an important model for studying invertebrate immunity and cellular signaling mechanisms. In this study, the microRNA-1 (miR-1) molecule from L. vannamei was identified, and its mature and precursor sequences were analyzed. The miR-1 promoter contained a STAT binding site and its transcriptional activity could be regulated by the JAK-STAT pathway. The target gene of miR-1 was identified as MyD88, the upstream component of the Dorsal (the NF-κB homolog) pathway. By suppressing the expression of MyD88, miR-1 attenuated activation of the Dorsal pathway. With miR-1 as the mediator, STAT also exerted a negative regulatory effect on the Dorsal pathway. Moreover, miR-1 was involved in regulation of the expression of a set of immune effector genes and the phagocytic activity of hemocytes and had an inhibitory or excitatory effect on antibacterial or antiviral responses, respectively. Taken together, the current study revealed a microRNA-mediated inhibition of the NF-κB pathway by the JAK-STAT pathway in an invertebrate, which could contribute to immune homeostasis and shaping immune responses.
Use of the NAL-AB Wordlists as a South African English Speech Discrimination Test
Authors: Wilson Wayne J. , Jones Beverley , Fridjhon Peter 
Published: April 2020

South Africa still lacks a South African English specific speech discrimination test. As an alternative, this study investigated the use of the Australian English, National Acoustic Laboratories Arthur Boothroyd (N AL-AB) wordlists to assess the speech discrimination of South African English speakers. Thirty South African English speakers were tested at 0, 5, 10, 20 and 25 dBHL (audiometer dial reading) and their performance-intensity functions were compared qualitatively to the NAL-AB wordlist normative data. Results showed three general patterns; similar performance for both groups; poorer performance by the South African English speakers at the low to mid presentation intensities only; and poorer performance by the South African English speakers across most presentation intensities. Use of the NAL-AB wordlists at threshold levels or for site of lesion assessment was therefore concluded to be unwise. Use of these wordlists at supra-threshold levels, however, would provide a valid and reliable option for the speech discrimination assessment of South African English speakers.
Quantifying the impacts of human water use and climate variations on recent drying of Lake Urmia basin: the value of different sets of spaceborne and in situ data for calibrating a global hydrological model
Authors: Hosseini-Moghari Seyed-Mohammad , Araghinejad Shahab , Tourian Mohammad J. , Ebrahimi Kumars , Döll Petra 
Published: April 2020

Abstract. During the last decades, the endorheic Lake Urmia basin in northwestern Iran has suffered from declining groundwater tables and a very strong recent reduction in the volume of Lake Urmia. For the case of Lake Urmia basin, this study explores the value of different locally and globally available observation data for adjusting a global hydrological model such that it can be used for distinguishing the impacts of human water use and climate variations. The WaterGAP Global
Hydrology Model (WGHM) was for the first time calibrated against multiple
in situ and spaceborne data to analyze the decreasing lake water volume,
lake river inflow, loss of groundwater, and total water storage in the
entire basin during 2003–2013. The calibration process was done using an
automated approach including a genetic algorithm (GA) and non-dominated
sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II). Then the best-performing calibrated
models were run with and without considering water use to quantify the
impact of human water use. Observations encompass remote-sensing-based time
series of annual irrigated areas in the basin from MODIS, monthly total
water storage anomaly (TWSA) from GRACE satellites, and monthly lake volume
anomalies. In situ observations include time series of annual inflow into
the lake and basin averages of groundwater level variations based on 284
wells. In addition, local estimates of sectoral water withdrawals in 2009
and return flow fractions were utilized. Calibration against MODIS and GRACE data alone improved simulated inflow into Lake Urmia but inflow and lake volume loss were still overestimated, while groundwater loss was underestimated and seasonality of groundwater storage was shifted as
compared to observations. Lake and groundwater dynamics could only be
simulated well if calibration against groundwater levels led to an adjustment of the fractions of human water use from groundwater and surface
water. Thus, in some basins, globally available satellite-derived observations may
not suffice for improving the simulation of human water use. According to
WGHM simulations with 18 optimal parameter sets, human water use was the
reason for 52 %–57 % of the total basin water loss of about 10 km3 during 2003–2013, for 39 %–43 % of the Lake Urmia water loss of about 8 km3, and for up to 87 %–90 % of the groundwater loss. Lake inflow was 39 %–45 % less than it would have been without human water use. The study shows that even without human water use Lake Urmia would not have recovered from the significant loss of lake water volume caused by the drought year 2008. These findings can support water management in the basin and more specifically Lake Urmia restoration plans.
In Praise of Ambiguity: Everyday Christianity through the Lens of Existential Anthropology
Authors: Premawardhana Devaka 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT
A recent theoretical move among ethnographers of religion challenges the social scientific tendency to reduce people’s beliefs and practices to one or another religious tradition, to a religious affiliation assumed to operate as a master identity. Some scholars advancing this move draw on the insights of existential anthropology to emphasize the ambiguities and indeterminacies of religious life. The aim of this article is to argue for the relevance of existential anthropology for ethnographic approaches to the study of World Christianity. That relevance lies not only in existential anthropology’s capacity to convey the complexity of everyday religion, but also in the entanglements of existentialism itself with multiple aspects of Christian theology, past and present.
A Historian/Historian of Religions’ Response
Authors: Young Richard Fox 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT
As a historian-cum-historian of religion, I welcome the fine collection of essays in this special issue of the journal, contributed by a promising cohort of emerging ethnographers of World Christianity. As a non-ethnographer, I employ as a baseline measure of their endeavors the characteristic historiography of the field, in particular the value it places on indigenous appropriation over missionary transmission (an approach pioneered by Andrew Walls and Lamin Sanneh, among others). I couple that with a studied conviction that Christianity in the global South invariably emerges out of a matrix conditioned by a complex of pre-existing religions, varying, naturally, by time and place. In the following, I bundle the six authors into a group of two, whose case studies illuminate contrastive poles in the practice of ethnography for World Christianity, and a group of four, who each espouse a theory-laden ethnography intended to change the trajectory of the field, even as they emerge from it.
Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment in the High Mountain Region of Nepal: A Case Study of Lamjung District
Authors: Rai Kala , Neupane Basanta Kumar , Pariyar Raj Kumar 
Published: April 2020

Climate change vulnerability has need access to targeted scientiﬁc information about the impacts of climate change in order to adapt to its effects. Awareness can be measured through three different parameters-conceptualization, engagement and experimental. This research has conduct in Lamjung district where people are victimize from climate change. Primary and secondary sources of data are used. This study used household surveys and focus group discussions to assess people perceptions of these changes and identify the climate change vulnerability. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the Lamjung districts, vulnerable in the context of the climate change. This result is useful for policymaker, local government and different stockholder who are working on climate change sector. It is also important for long term changes in climate variables and occurrences of natural disasters is the most important component to determine the overall vulnerability. Climate change vulnerability had been decreased considerably in this study area. Meanwhile, long-term research in Nepal is required for extensive work on climate change and primary data collection for climate change vulnerability assessment.
Wirebond Process Improvement through Silicon Die Polyimide Removal
Authors: Moreno Anthony R. , Jaylo Jonalyn E. , Gomez Frederick Ray I. , Graycochea Jr Edwin M. . 
Published: April 2020

This study aims to develop polyimide etching process on the silicon die after decapsulation to resolve the wire shear issue during ball shear data gatherings. The shear strength of the ball is affected by the presence of polyimide insulator during ball shearing process, due to the polyimide layer of the silicon die being coplanar with the ball height of the wire. Experimentation and statistical analysis were done on units with and without polyimide coating, with Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) used to remove the excess polyimide. Results revealed that silicon dice without polyimide coating resulted to better reading in terms of ball shear.
Optimizing Perioperative Antimicrobial Therapy for Acute Cholecystitis Using Bile Gram Stain Results
Authors: Maehira Hiromitsu , Kawasaki Masayasu , Ogawa Masao , Imagawa Atsuo , Itoh Aya , Mizumura Naoto , Okumura Satoshi , Kameyama Masao 
Published: April 2020

ObjectiveWe aimed to evaluate whether Gram stain results from smear preparations of bile are useful in determining the optimal perioperative antimicrobial agents.Summary of background dataSurgical site infections (SSIs) are common complications in emergency cholecystectomy.MethodsA total of 185 patients who underwent emergency cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis were enrolled (Bell Land General Hospital Ethic Board approval number 2017-0003). Bile was collected from 121 patients. The Gram stain results from bile smear and culture preparations were evaluated. Furthermore, the antimicrobial resistance was evaluated according to bile Gram stain results.ResultsBile bacteria were detected in 82 patients (67.8%) with the culture preparation and in 72 patients (59.5%) with the smear preparation. The average rate of correspondence in the Gram stain results between smear and culture preparations was 86.3% among patients with bile bacteria in the smear preparation. Cefepime and meropenem had a low antimicrobial resistance rate for all Gram stain results (&lt;10%). However, the resistance rate of other antimicrobial agents differed according to the Gram stain results.ConclusionsThe Gram stain results from the smear preparation appear to be useful in choosing optimal perioperative antimicrobial agents.
Surface Engineering of All‐Inorganic Perovskite Quantum Dots with Quasi Core−Shell Technique for High‐Performance Photodetectors
Authors: Saleem Muhammad Imran , Yang Shengyi , Zhi Ruonan , Sulaman Muhammad , Chandrasekar Perumal Veeramalai , Jiang Yurong , Tang Yi , Batool Attia , Zou Bingsuo 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAll‐inorganic lead halide perovskites with good surface morphology show substantial prospect for optoelectronic devices. However, the anion exchange of coordinated alkylamine ligands (e.g., oleic acid and oleylamine) can detach ligands and induce more interface trap sites, subsequently to reduce device performance. In this paper, therefore, a simple solution‐processed route is presented to synthesize quasi coreshell CsPbBr3formamidinium iodide (FAI = CH(NH2)2I) colloidal quantum dots (CQDs), and then it is applied as the active layer for photodetectors by finely controlling the ligands exchange. The presence of FAI = CH(NH2)2I on CsPbBr3 is confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. As a result, the photodetector ITO/ZnO (100 nm)/CsPbBr3 (150 nm)/Au show an enhanced specific detectivity over 1013 Jones with a responsivity of 19 A W1 under 3 mW cm2 405 nm illumination at 1.5 V. The experimental data show that the enhanced device performance is due to the improved crystallinity and less surface defects of CsPbBr3 CQDs, as the result of less alkylamine ligands is detached during its FAI passivation, thus the charge carriers' mobility of the film is improved. Therefore, it provides a promising way for high‐performance solution‐processed all‐inorganic CsPbBr3 based optoelectronic devices.