bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spidroin‐Inspired, High‐Strength, Loofah‐Shaped Protein Fiber for Capturing Uranium from Seawater
Authors: Yu Qiuhan , Yuan Yihui , Feng Lijuan , Feng Tiantian , Sun Wenyan , Wang Ning 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe unique three‐dimensional structure of spidrion determines the outstanding mechanical properties of the spider silk fiber. Inspired by the similarity of the three‐dimensional structure of superb‐uranyl binding protein (SUP) to that of spidroin, a dual‐SUP (DSUP) chimeric protein fiber with high tensile strength is designed. The DSUP hydrogel fiber exhibits a loofah‐shape structure by the cross‐interaction of the protein nanofiber. Full exposure of abundant functional uranyl‐binding sites in the stretchable loofah‐shape hydrogel protein fiber give the DSUP fiber a groundbreaking uranium extraction capacity of 17.45 mg g−1 with an ultrashort saturation time of 3 days in natural seawater. This work reports the design of an adsorbent with ultrahigh uranium extraction capacity and explores a strategy for fabricating artificial high‐strength functional non‐spidroin protein fiber.
Metal–Organic Framework Disintegrants: Enzyme Preparation Platforms with Boosted Activity
Authors: An Hongde , Song Jie , Wang Ting , Xiao Nannan , Zhang Zhenjie , Cheng Peng , Ma Shengqian , Huang He , Chen Yao 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAn enzyme formulation using customized enzyme activators (metal ions) to directly construct metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) as enzyme protective carriers is presented. These MOF carriers can also serve as the disintegrating agents to simultaneously release enzymes and their activators during biocatalysis with boosted activities. This highly efficient enzyme preparation combines enzyme immobilization (enhanced stability, easy operation) and homogeneous biocatalysis (fast diffusion, high activity). The MOF serves as an ion pump that continuously provides metal ion activators that greatly promote the enzymatic activities (up to 251 %). This MOF–enzyme composite demonstrated an excellent protective effect against various perturbation environments. A mechanistic investigation revealed that the spontaneous activator/enzyme release and ion pumping enable enzymes to sufficiently interact with their activators owing to the proximity effects, leading to a boost in biocatalytic performance.
Green highly sensitive spectrofluorimetric method for rapid determination of tafluprost in its pure form and ophthalmic formulation
Authors: Abd‐AlGhafar Walaa Nabil , Saad Samar , Sheribah Zainab , Aly Fatma 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA green, simple and easy spectrofluorimetric method was studied for rapid estimation of tafluprost (TFL). The native fluorescence of TFL was measured at 292 nm after excitation at 220 nm. The results were linear in water over the concentration range 50–600 ng ml−1 with a correlation coefficient r = 0.9999 and intercept 1.1555. The limit of detection and limit of quantification were found to be 7.87 and 23.86 ng ml−1, respectively. Neither different pH nor surfactants enhanced the fluorescence intensity. The high sensitivity of this spectrofluorimetric method makes it suitable for analysis of low concentrations of tafluprost in commercially available ophthalmic formulations. This procedure was validated according to International Council for Harmonisation Guidelines.
Tris‐{hydridotris(1‐pyrazolyl)borato}actinide Complexes: Synthesis, Spectroscopy, Crystal Structure, Bonding Properties and Magnetic Behaviour
Authors: Apostolidis Christos , Kovács Attila , Walter Olaf , Colineau Eric , Griveau Jean‐Christophe , Morgenstern Alfred , Rebizant Jean , Caciuffo Roberto , Panak Petra J. , Rabung Thomas , Schimmelpfennig Bernd , Perfetti Mauro 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe isostructural compounds of the trivalent actinides uranium, neptunium, plutonium, americium, and curium with the hydridotris(1‐pyrazolyl)borato (Tp) ligand An[η3‐HB(N2C3H3)3]3(AnTp3) have been obtained through several synthetic routes. Structural, spectroscopic (absorption, infrared, laser fluorescence) and magnetic characterisation of the compounds were performed in combination with crystal field, density functional theory (DFT) and relativistic multiconfigurational calculations. The covalent bonding interactions were analysed in terms of the natural bond orbital (NBO) and quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) models.
Probing the Origin of Adaptive Aromaticity in 16‐Valence‐Electron Metallapentalenes
Authors: Chen Dandan , Szczepanik Dariusz W. , Zhu Jun , Solà Miquel 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSpecies with adaptive aromaticity are aromatic in the ground and lowest‐lying triplet excited states and they have normally intermediate singlet‐triplet gaps. Few examples of compounds with adaptive aromaticity are known to date, including 16‐valence‐electron (16e) metallapentalenes. A sweeping search could be conducted to discover new members of this group, but efficient designs with an explicit strategy would facilitate the quest for new members of this elusive family. Density functional theory calculations and aromaticity evaluations have been performed to reveal the nature of triplet‐state aromaticity in 16e metallapentalenes. Our results show that coordination of strong σ‐ or π‐donor ligands helps achieving adaptive aromaticity of 16e metallapentalenes by means of a spin delocalization mechanism. These results have important implications for understanding the unusual properties of the organometallic adaptive aromatics, leading the way to efficient design of new compounds with tunable singlet‐triplet gaps.
N‐Rich Porous Polymer with Isolated Tb3+‐Ions Displays Unique Temperature Dependent Behavior through the Absence of Thermal Quenching
Authors: Vanden Bussche Flore , Kaczmarek Anna M. , Veerapandian Savita K. P. , Everaert Jonas , Debruyne Maarten , Abednatanzi Sara , Morent Rino , De Geyter Nathalie , Van Speybroeck Veronique , Van Der Voort Pascal , Stevens Christian V. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe challenge of measuring fast moving or small scale samples is based on the absence of contact between sample and sensor. Grafting lanthanides onto hybrid materials arises as one of the most promising accurate techniques to obtain noninvasive thermometers. In this work, a novel bipyridine based porous organic polymer (bpyDAT POP) was investigated as temperature sensor after grafting with Eu(acac)3 and Tb(acac)3 complexes. The bpyDAT POP successfully showed temperature‐dependent behavior in the 10–310 K range, proving the potential of amorphous, porous organic frameworks. We observed unique temperature dependent behavior. More intriguingly, instead of the standard observed change in emission as a result of a change in temperature for both Eu3+ and Tb3+, the emission spectrum of Tb3+ remained constant. This work provides framework‐ and energy‐based explanations for the observed phenomenon. The conjugation in the bpyDAT POP framework is interrupted, creating energetically isolated Tb3+ environments. Energy transfer from Tb3+ to Eu3+ is therefore absent, nor energy back transfer from Tb3+ to bpyDAT POP ligand (i.e. no thermal quenching) is detected.
Transition Metal‐Catalyzed Intermolecular Cascade C−H Activation/Annulation Processes for the Synthesis of Polycycles
Authors: Song Liangliang , Van der Eycken Erik V. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPolycycles are abundantly present in numerous advanced chemicals, functional materials, bioactive molecules and natural products. However, the strategies for the synthesis of polycycles are limited to classical reactions and transition metal‐catalyzed cross‐coupling reactions, requiring pre‐functionalized starting materials and lengthy synthetic operations. The emergence of novel approaches shows great promise for the fields of organic/medicinal/materials chemistry. Among them, transition metal‐catalyzed C−H activation followed by intermolecular annulation reactions prevail, due to their straightforward manner with high atom‐ and step‐economy, providing rapid, concise and efficient methods for the construction of diverse polycycles. Several strategies have been developed for the synthesis of polycycles, relying on sequential multiple C−H activation/annulation, or combination of C−H activation/annulation and further interaction with a proximal group, or merger of C−H activation with a cycloaddition reaction, or in situ formation of the directing group. These are attractive, efficient, step‐ and atom‐economic methods starting from commercially available materials. This Minireview will provide an introduction to transition metal‐catalyzed C−H activation for the synthesis of polycycles, helping researchers to discover indirect connections and reveal hidden opportunities. It will also promote the discovery of novel synthetic strategies relying on C−H activation.
Modulating Hierarchical Micro/Mesoporosity by a Mixed Solvent Approach in Al‐MOF: Stabilization of MAPbBr3 Quantum Dots
Authors: Laha Subhajit , Rambabu Darsi , Bhattacharyya Sohini , Maji Tapas Kumar 
Published: June 2020

AbstractVarious hierarchical micro/mesoporous MOFs based on {[Al(μ‐OH)(1,4‐NDC)]⋅H2O} (MOF1) with tunable porosities (pore volume and surface area) have been synthesized by assembling AlIII and 1,4‐NDC (1,4‐naphthalenedicarboxylate) under microwave irradiation by varying water/ethanol solvent ratio. Water/ethanol mixture has played a crucial role in the mesopore generation in MOF1M25, MOF1M50, and MOF1M75, which is achieved by in situ formation of water/ethanol clusters. By adjusting the ratio of water/ethanol, the particle size, surface area and micro/mesopore volume fraction of the MOFs are controlled. Furthermore, reaction time plays a critical role in mesopore formation as realized by varying reaction time for the MOF with 50 % ethanol (MOF1M50). Additionally, hierarchical MOF (MOF1M50) has been used as a template for the stabilization of MAPbBr3 (MA=methylammonium) perovskite quantum dots (PQDs). MAPbBr3 PQDs are grown inside MOF1M50, where mesopores control the size of PQDs which leads to quantum confinement.
Influence of Ligand and Nuclearity on the Cytotoxicity of Cyclometallated C^N^C Platinum(II) Complexes
Authors: Kergreis Angélique , Lord Rianne M. , Pike Sarah J. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA series of cyclometallated mono‐ and di‐nuclear platinum(II) complexes and the parent organic ligand, 2,6‐diphenylpyridine 1 (HC^N^CH), have been synthesized and characterized. This library of compounds includes [(C^N^C)PtII(L)] (L=dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) 2 and triphenylphosphine (PPh3) 3) and [((C^N^C)PtII)2(L‘)] (where L‘=N‐heterocycles (pyrazine (pyr) 4, 4,4‘‐bipyridine (4,4‘‐bipy) 5 or diphosphine (1,4‐bis(diphenylphosphino)butane (dppb) 6). Their cytotoxicity was assessed against four cancerous cell lines and one normal cell line, with results highlighting significantly increased antiproliferative activity for the dinuclear complexes (4–6), when compared to the mononucleated species (2 and 3). Complex 6 is the most promising candidate, displaying very high selectivity towards cancerous cells, with selectivity index (SI) values >29.5 (A2780) and >11.2 (A2780cisR), and outperforming cisplatin by >4‐fold and >18‐fold, respectively.
Catalytic Transfer Hydrogenation of Arenes and Heteroarenes
Authors: Gelis Coralie , Heusler Arne , Nairoukh Zackaria , Glorius Frank 
Published: June 2020

AbstractTransfer hydrogenation reactions are of great interest to reduce diverse molecules under mild reaction conditions. To date, this type of reaction has only been successfully applied to alkenes, alkynes and polarized unsaturated compounds such as ketones, imines, pyridines, etc. The reduction of benzene derivatives by transfer hydrogenation has never been described, which is likely due to the high energy barrier required to dearomatize these compounds. In this context, we have developed a catalytic transfer hydrogenation reaction for the reduction of benzene derivatives and heteroarenes to form complex 3‐dimensional scaffolds bearing various functional groups at room temperature without needing compressed hydrogen gas.
Understanding the Role of Chalcogens in Ether‐Based Luminophores with Aggregation‐Induced Fluorescence and Phosphorescence
Authors: Riebe Steffen , Wölper Christoph , Balszuweit Jan , Hayduk Matthias , Gutierrez Suburu Matias Ezequiel , Strassert Cristian A. , Doltsinis Nikos L. , Voskuhl Jens 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe front cover artwork is provided by the group of Jun.‐Prof. Dr. Jens Voskuhl [Universität Duisburg‐Essen (UDE), Germany]. The cover image shows deep‐sea frog fishes known to attract their prey by using a light emitting organ. Here we adapted the illustration by adding the corresponding chalcogen as a lantern, shining in the corresponding emission colour as described in the contribution. Read the full text of the Article at 10.1002/cptc.202000002.
Development of a multi‐residue high‐throughput UHPLC–MS/MS method for routine monitoring of SARM compounds in equine and bovine blood
Authors: Ventura Emiliano , Gadaj Anna , Buckley Tom , Mooney Mark H. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSelective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs) are a group of anabolic enhancer drugs posing threats to the integrity of animal sports and the safety of animal‐derived foods. The current research describes for the first time the development of a semi‐quantitative assay for the monitoring of SARM family compounds in blood and establishes the relative stability of these analytes under various storage conditions prior to analysis. The presented screening method validation was performed in line with current EU legislation for the inspection of livestock and produce of animal origin, with detection capability (CCβ) values determined at 0.5 ng/mL (Ly2452473), 1 ng/mL (AC‐262536 and PF‐06260414), 2 ng/mL (bicalutamide, GLPG0492, LGD‐2226, ostarine, S‐1, S‐6, and S‐23), and 5 ng/mL (andarine, BMS‐564929, LGD‐4033, RAD140, and S‐9), respectively. The applicability of the developed assay was demonstrated through the analysis of blood samples from racehorses and cattle. The developed method presents a high‐throughput cost‐effective tool for the routine screening for a range of SARM compounds in sport and livestock animals.
Design of secure session key using unique addressing and identification scheme for smart home Internet of Things network
Authors: Kumar Pankaj , Chouhan Lokesh 
Published: June 2020

AbstractInternet of Things (IoT) defines as internetworks of physical smart devices embedded with electronic software, sensors, actuators, and network connectivity. Due to an increase in the number of smart devices, objects, and appliances, the existing addressing schemes and security protocols cannot guaranty to perform well in all situations. The main requirement includes a unique secure unique addressing scheme that ensures data privacy and reliable communication in the IoT system. In this article, a secure session key unique addressing and identification scheme proposed by modifying the standard IPv6 protocol. The proposed scheme provides a unique way of assigning the addressing for smart devices/appliances and uniquely authenticates them at the destination end. In addition, this scheme also establishes a secure session and mutual authentication by using the Diffie‐Hellman key exchange protocol. The network simulation of the proposed scheme simulates network throughput and end‐to‐end delay. Moreover, the informal security verification and formal security analysis with the help of the ROR model carried out in this work. This analysis proves that the proposed scheme is safe against various possible attacks, for example, device impersonation, password guessing, man‐in‐the‐middle, attacks replay, masquerade attacks, maintain anonymity, and secure end to end mutual authentication.
Anwendung von Werkzeugverschleißtests zur Qualitätssicherung von Bahnschotter
Authors: Latal Christine , Bach Holger , Thuro Kurosch 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe resistance of aggregates to abrasion estimated by the Micro‐Deval test is an important mechanical parameter for aggregates used as railway ballast. At present, testing intervals are sparse due to the cost of the tests. Cost‐efficient testing methods would be greatly appreciated. A detailed study of the applicability of alternative testing methods, as commonly used to estimate the potential of a rock or soil to cause wear to a tool (LCPC Abroy test and Cerchar test), demonstrates the advantage of implementing these testing methods in addition to the recommended tests.
Numerische Studien zur Sicherung von Baugruben und Geländesprüngen mit Stützscheiben
Authors: Marte Roman , Choosrithong Kamchai , Schweiger Helmut F. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn diesem Beitrag wird die innere und äußere Tragwirkung von Sicherungen von Geländesprüngen mittels Stützscheiben bzw. schalenartig wirkenden Tragwerken numerisch untersucht. Solche Lösungsansätze zur Sicherung, z. B. von Baugrubenböschungen, können zum Einsatz kommen, wenn der Einbau von Zugelementen wie Anker oder Nägel, z. B. aufgrund von eingeschränkter Nutzbarkeit von Nachbargrundstücken, nicht möglich oder gewollt ist. Stützscheiben können durch überschnittene Großbohrpfähle, DSV‐Säulen oder Einmischelemente hergestellt werden. Der Nachweis der äußeren Tragfähigkeit erfolgt dabei im Allgemeinen durch ein vereinfachtes analytisches Verfahren, der sog. Palisadentheorie. Ein Nachweis der inneren Tragfähigkeit ist mit analytischen Verfahren praktisch kaum möglich. In den in diesem Beitrag diskutierten numerischen Untersuchungen wird das große Optimierungspotenzial derartiger Tragsysteme in Bezug auf die äußere Tragfähigkeit aufgezeigt, und auf Basis geeigneter Stoffmodelle für Boden und Baumaterial für die Stützscheiben wird die innere Tragwirkung derartiger Systeme eingehend diskutiert. Zusammenfassend wird aufgezeigt, dass bei Anwendung dreidimensionaler numerischer Berechnungsmethoden mit geeigneten Stoffmodellen, ein großes Einsparungspotenzial in der Dimensionierung derartiger Stützsysteme möglich ist.
Modelling suspended sediment discharge in a glaciated Arctic catchment–Lake Peters, Northeast Brooks Range, Alaska
Authors: Thurston Lorna Louise , Schiefer Erik , McKay Nicholas P. , Kaufman Darrell S. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSeasonal suspended sediment transfer in glaciated catchments is responsive to meteorological, geomorphological, and glacio‐fluvial conditions, and thus is a useful indicator of environmental system dynamics. Knowledge of multifaceted fluvial sediment‐transfer processes is limited in the Alaskan Arctic – a region sensitive to contemporary environmental change. For two glaciated sub‐catchments at Lake Peters, northeast Brooks Range, Alaska, we conducted a two‐year endeavour to monitor the hydrology and meteorology, and used the data to derive multiple‐regression models of suspended sediment load. Statistical selection of the best models shows that incorporating meteorological or temporal explanatory variables improves performances of turbidity‐ and discharge‐based sediment models. The resulting modelled specific suspended sediment yields to Lake Peters are: 33 (20–60) t km−2 yr−1 in 2015, and 79 (50–140) t km−2 yr−1 in 2016 (95% confidence band estimates). In contrast to previous studies in Arctic Alaska, fluvial suspended sediment transfer to Lake Peters was primarily influenced by rainfall, and secondarily influenced by temperature‐driven melt processes associated with clockwise diurnal hysteresis. Despite different sub‐catchment glacier coverage, specific yields were the same order of magnitude from the two primary inflows to Lake Peters, which are Carnivore Creek (128 km2; 10% glacier coverage) and Chamberlin Creek (8 km2; 23% glacier coverage). Seasonal to longer‐term sediment exhaustion and/or contrasting glacier dynamics may explain the lower than expected relative specific sediment yield from the more heavily glacierized Chamberlin Creek catchment. Absolute suspended sediment yield (t yr−1) from Carnivore Creek to Lake Peters was 27 times greater than from Chamberlin Creek, which we attribute to catchment size and sediment supply differences. Our results provide a foundational understanding of the current sediment transfer regime and are useful for predicting changes in fluvial sediment transport in glaciated Alaskan Arctic catchments.
Identification of Competencies for Effective Dental Faculty
Authors: Hand Jed S. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA faculty of sufficient size and possessing the appropriate skills is critical to dental education. Faculty shortages have been identified, but little has been written about the skills and abilities necessary for dental faculty to be effective. This project identified consensus lists of competencies in the areas of teaching and research. A panel of dental education experts used a web‐based Delphi method to refine competency lists. The final lists of competency statements were organized into foundational competencies that applied to all areas and several areas of major competencies that were defined by supporting competencies. The panel rated the importance of each competency statement for each of three dental faculty categories: 1) clinical teachers, 2) clinical scholars, and 3) research‐intensive scholars. The identification of a consensus list of competency statements for effective dental faculty will facilitate the development of programs for faculty to attain and maintain these competencies. ADEA could play a coordinating role in this faculty development effort.
Medical Profile of a Dental School Patient Population
Authors: Radfar Lida , Suresh Lakshmanan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAdvances in health care and pharmacotherapeutics have led to a growing aging population living with complex medical conditions. These changes are apparent in patients presenting for treatment at dental schools. This study assessed the medical profile of patients seeking treatment at the School of Dental Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo. Medical records of 1,041 consecutive patients who presented for comprehensive dental care at the school were retrospectively reviewed. The demographic data, medical status, and use of medications from the charts were analyzed. The mean age of the patients was 52 (SD±18), and the female to male ratio was 1.2:1. More than half of the patients had one or more systemic illnesses or were taking medication. The results of this study reflect the medical complexity of the growing aging population. The dental school curriculum should address the needs for management of the growing number of medically complex patients.
The Prevalence of Academic Dishonesty in Texas Dental Hygiene Programs
Authors: Muhney Kelly A. , Gutmann Marylou E. , Schneiderman Emet , DeWald Janice P. , McCann Ann , Campbell Patricia R. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe media has given much attention to the academic cheating crisis in America. A majority of college students believe that, in today's global environment, it is necessary to cheat in order to get ahead and to compete with their peers. The prevalence and attitudes concerning academic dishonesty of health professions students, including those in medical, dental, and nursing schools, have been extensively researched. No such studies exist in the discipline of dental hygiene. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of cheating in Texas dental hygiene programs. Four hundred surveys were mailed to twenty Texas dental hygiene schools for graduating students to complete. A total of 289 usable surveys was returned for a response rate of 72.25 percent. Data were analyzed using SPSS with frequencies and chi‐square tests. Findings from this study reveal that 86.5 percent of graduating Texas dental hygiene students have cheated a minimum of one time during matriculation. Students identified the demands of what they considered academic overload as the primary justification for cheating behavior.