bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DNA barcoding for seahorse identification and its potential as antioxidant and stimulant indicator
Authors: Nurilmala M , Sari E M , Abdullah A , Hizbullah H H , Butet N A , Sudrajat A O 
Published: December 2019

AbstractSeahorse (Hippocampusspp.) is a species of unique marine biota showing male pregnancy. The purpose of this study was to identify seahorse species (Hippocampusspp.) through molecular approach by DNA barcoding using COI gene marker, determine the potential of seahorse as an antioxidant and an indicator of immunomodulatory properties. The research results showed the nucleotide sequences of DNA sample H1, H2, and H6 identified asH. kuda, while H3, H4, and H5 were identified asH. comeswith the level of identity (homology) as much as 98%-99%. In general, the results of antioxidant activity in seahorse samples can be used as a source of natural antioxidants, namely in the form of seahorse hydrolysates and seahorse ethanol extract (IC50 50-100 ppm). The highest cell proliferation activity was from the seahorse powder group at a concentration of 250 ppm with the value of OD (Optical Density) of 0.227±0.002 and SI (Stimulant Index) of 120.74%. These results indicated that seahorses potentially have indicators of immunomodulators properties.
Utilization of Kappaphycus alvarezii and Sargassum plagyophyllum from Banten as cosmetic creams
Authors: Dolorosa M T , Nurjanah  , Purwaningsih S , Anwar E 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Kappaphycus alvarezii and Sargassum plagyophyllum are marine commodities from Banten, containing vitamin C, vitamin E and bioactive compounds (alkaloids, terpenoids, steroids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins), which are thought to have antioxidant and tyrosinase enzyme inhibitory activities. The use of seaweed slurry is chosen because it is cheap, easy to apply and environmentally friendly. The aim of this research was to obtain the selected cream preparation based on antioxidant activity, tyrosinase inhibition and physical characteristics of cream preparation. K. alvarezii and S. plagyophyllum slurry had antioxidant activity (IC50) 598.86±1.494 μg/mL and 595.08±0.995 μg/mL, respectively with L-ascorbic acid 6.56±0.069 μg/mL. The selected cream was formula adding combination slurry of K. alvarezii and S. plagyophyllum (1:1) 20% which had the highest antioxidant activity (IC50) and percent inhibition of tyrosinase enzyme (L-DOPA substrate and 6,000 μg/mL test concentration) 370.44±0.854 μg/mL and 26.139±0.984%, respectively. Cream preparations showed good homogeneity, stable against storage of various temperatures, cycling test, and mechanics with no phase separation and discoloration and pH value of cream fulfilling the pH range of human skin balances and Indonesian National Standard (SNI). Cream preparations did not show significant changes in viscosity value until 8 weeks with the thixotropic plastic rheology.
Determining the stock status of snapper (Lutjanus sp.) using surplus production model: a case study in Banyuasin coastal waters, South Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Fauziyah  , Purwiyanto A I S , Agustriani F , Putri W A E , Ermatita  , Putra A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Snapper (Lutjanus sp.) is an economically important fish for local fishermen in Banyuasin coastal water of South Sumatra. However, the current and historical stock of this species is still unknown. This study was aimed to estimate the stock status of Lutjanus sp. in the Banyuasin coastal waters. The annual catch and effort data were analyzed from 2008 to 2016. The different surplus production models were tested to obtain the best-fitted model based on the sign suitability test, model performance test, and multiple criteria analysis. The results indicated that the best-fitted model for Lutjanus sp. was the Fox model. The model had the best value for the determination coefficient (R2 = 97.2%), Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (-0.277), Mean Absolute Deviation (29.198), Mean Square Error (1,190.522), Root Mean Square Error (34.504), and RMSE-observations Standard Deviation Ratio (1.13), whereas the value of Mean Absolute Percentage Error (0.05) was the second-best value. The optimum effort (Eopt), maximum sustainable catch (CMSY), and total allowable catch were 22.236 trips/year, 623 ton and 498 ton/year, respectively. Based on plotting the effort and exploitation level (141%; 102%) in 2016, the stock status of Lutjanus sp. indicated depleting stock, the high fishing pressure and could encourage overfishing stock in the future.
Application of foldable cube and cylinder fishing pot in Tuban Regency water
Authors: Alfiatunnisa N , Rachman F , Setyobudi E , Djumanto  , Djasmani S S 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Fishing pot is an environmentally friendly fishing gear that has been used by fishermen in Indonesia with all kinds of shapes and sizes. This study aimed to determine the composition of the catches using a modified cube folding trap and tube folding trap, as well as provide design information material to develop environmentally-friendly fishing gear. The research was conducted in Socorejo Village, Jenu District, Tuban Regency, East Java, in October-December 2018. The method of this research used experimental fishing with 30 units of cube folding trap and 30 units of tube folding trap. Traps were operated long lines at 10 different coordinate points and the results were analyzed further using the T-test with 95% of confidence level. The catch composition of cube and tube folding traps shows the largest catches in percentage are swimmer crab as much 65% and 57%. The value of catches composition cube and tube folding trap is 0.169 and 0.227 which indicate that cube folding trap is more selective. Based on the results of T-test, total and weight of the catches between cube and tube folding trap show no significant difference. The results conclude that the cube folding trap is more effective with more catches.
Cathepsin characterization from crude extract of yellow pike (Congresox talabon)
Authors: Pertiwi R M , Pamungkas I D , Prastyo D T , Trisdiani D U , Pasaribu E , Nurhayati T 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Fish is a highly perishable food due to internal and external factors. Cathepsin, a proteolytic enzyme available in animal tissues, affects quality deterioration of fish by hydrolizing muscle proteins. Yellow pike fish have an edible portion that is relatively high but has not been used optimally. The aim of the study was to extract the cathepsin enzyme from yellow pike meat. The method used extraction, characterization, and precipitation of ammonium sulfate (NH4)2SO4 fraction at concentrations of 40-50% to 70-80%. The extraction results showed the crude extract activity of cathepsin from yellow pike fish which was 0.19 U/mL. The optimum activity of the cathepsin enzyme at a pH 5 (0.24 U/mL), temperature of 50°C (0.10 U/mL) and metal ions increased cathepsin activity, one of which was CuCl2 increased cathepsin activity to 0.92 U/mL and FeCl3 increased activity to 1.41 U/mL. The best precipitate at 40-50% ammonium sulfate concentration with specific activity 1.15 U/mg.
The effect of degradation time in the simulated gastric fluid for bioactive compounds from bekasam
Authors: Rinto  , Lestari S D , Baehaki A , Sari Y 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Bekasam contains bioactive compounds (lovastatin and peptide) that has function as anticholesterol. This research was aimed to determine the effect of pH and degradation time to lovastatin, peptides, and dissolved protein in bekasam seluang extract (Rasbora sp.). This study used a laboratory experimental method with 4 levels of treatment (degradation in simulation gastric fluid pH 2, pH 3 pH 4 and control without simulated gastric fluid). The degradation results were observed every the 2nd hours, the 4th hours, and the 6th hours. Each treatment level repeated 3 times. The stages of the study consisted of making bekasam, extracting of bekasam, calculating the yield of bekasam extract and testing pure bekasam extract in simulated gastric fluid. The analysis was carried out using a descriptive method, which is to describe each parameter obtained. The parameters observed are analysis of lovastatin level, dissolved protein levels, and peptide levels. The results showed that the levels of lovastatin, dissolved proteins and peptides were still detectable after have degraded in simulation gastric fluid an acidity level of pH 2, pH 3 and pH 4 for 2nd to 6th hours.
Biological aspects of Leptobrama pectoralis Ramsay and Ogilby 1887 (Leptobramidae) in Merauke, Papua, Indonesia
Authors: Kembaren D D , Taufik M 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Long-fin beach salmon (Leptobrama pectoralis) is an endemic species to Arafura and distributed from northern Australia to Merauke, Southern Papua, Indonesia. The biological information of this species is still limited. This study aimed to provide biological information on long-fin beach salmon to fill the research gap of this fish. Parameters collected including length, weight and gut content. A total of 2,640 specimens were collected gill net landing based in Merauke from February to November 2016. The analysis results showed that maximum length and weight of long-fin beach salmon from Merauke waters were 40.4 cmFL and 859 g. The length-weight relationship formula was found as W=0.016L2.897. The average maximum length (L∞) and instantaneous growth rate (k) were 42 cm and 0.8 year−1 while the total mortality (Z) was estimated as 4.2 year−1 and maximum recruitment occurred in November. Length at capture lower than length at maturity (Lc<Lm). The stomach content of this species was dominated by fish (38.19%). The result of this study can be served as a piece of early information on the species’ status.
Combination of cell disruption method and pH variation as pre-treatment for lipid extraction of Nannochloropsis sp.
Authors: Melanie S , Fithriani D 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The quantity of fossil-based fuel also has depleted due to over-exploitation. Therefore, environmentally friendly and more sustainable energy resources are being searched to fill in the energy supplies in the future. Microalgae have been considered by the researcher as alternative biofuel feedstock due to their high lipid content. Lipid extraction is one of the crucial steps in biofuel production from microalgae. The aim of this study was to analyze the best combination of pre-treatments to obtain microalgae lipid for biodiesel. The utilization of different cell disruption methods, including sonication and microwave, combined with pH variation (3, 5, 7) was implemented on microalgae Nannochloropsis sp. The experiment shows cell disruption with sonication and combined with low pH 3 of oil extraction from Nannochlorpsis sp. resulted in the highest yield of oil content (1.15% gr/gr dry weight). The lipid extracted from each pH pre-treatment were analyzed using GCMS for its fatty acid profile. The best pretreatments combination was obtained from lipid extraction from pH 5 and sonication-assisted method.
Comparison of microplastic abundance in aquaculture ponds of milkfish Chanos chanos (Forsskål, 1775) at Muara Kamal and Marunda, Jakarta Bay
Authors: Priscilla V , Patria M P 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Jakarta contributes to 12% of the plastic pollution in Indonesian waters. Most of the plastic trash is mismanaged and end up accumulating in river mouths located along Jakarta Bay. This research analyzed the abundance and types of microplastic in milkfish Chanos chanos, surface water, and sediment of milkfish aquaculture ponds in Muara Kamal and Marunda, Jakarta Bay. Samples of each subject were obtained from each location. Digestive tracts extracted from milkfish were destructed with strong nitric acid. Water samples were filtered while sediment samples were dried. Concentrated NaCl solution was used to achieve microplastic flotation. Counting of particles was done under a light microscope. Overall results from Muara Kamal showed the microplastic abundance was 9.58±3.3 particles g−1 in milkfish digestive tracts, 103.8±20.7 particles L−1 in water, and 111,680±13,204 particles kg−1 in sediments. Microplastic abundance was found lower in samples from Marunda with 8.80±2.7 particles g−1 in milkfish digestive tracts, 90.7±17.4 particles L−1 in water, and 82,480±11,226 particles kg−1 in sediments. These results were consistent with the water pollution levels obtained by the Living Environment Agency DKI Jakarta that states heavier pollution by Pollution Index in Muara Kamal drain than in Marunda drain.
Characterization of aquatic plant (Egeria densa) pre-treated by alkaline hydrogen peroxide
Authors: Hardiningtyas S D , Aziz F , Santoso J , Uju  
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Egeria densa is an aquatic plant growing very rapidly in freshwater. It is very potential as a lignocellulose source to produce bioethanol. However, the challenge of bioethanol production from lignocellulose biomass is the difficulty of hydrolyzing lignocellulose because cellulose in biomass is blocked by lignin and hemicellulose, and it has high crystallinity. To overcome the problems, pre-treatment process is absolutely required. The objectives of this study were to characterize the chemical compound of Egeria densa and to evaluate the effect of concentration, temperature and time pretreatments of alkaline hydrogen peroxide (AHP) on yield, physical and chemical structures of Egeria densa. Dried biomass of Egeria densa contained 35.47±0.77% of hemicellulose, 13.56±0.61% of cellulose, and 13.58±0.22%; of lignin. The yield and lignin content of pretreated E. densa decreased with increasing H2O2 concentration, temperature and time of pretreatment. In addition, the structure of pretreated E. densa became smoother compared with its untreated. The structure of cellulose was changed after pre-treatment, from the crystaline to more amorphouse form. Alkaline hydrogen peroxide pre-treatment also could produce simple sugar, such as glucose, maltose and arabinose, which important for bioethanol conversion.
Performance analysis of small pelagic fishing unit in Tawang fishing port, Kendal Regency
Authors: Prasetiyo S L , Baskoro M S , Yusfiandayani R , Pahlevi R 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Kendal Regency holds relatively large potential, especially small pelagic fisheries. One of the main bases of the capture small pelagic fisheries industry is Tawang fishing port (PPP). However, many fishermen still use mini trawl that can cause problems related to fish resources, social and environmental. The purpose of this research was to determine the best type of small pelagic fishing unit from technical, environmental, socio-economic and financial aspects in PPP Tawang, Kendal Regency. The research method used was a survey method using descriptive and scoring analysis. The sampling method used was purposive and snowball sampling. Based on the analysis, it was found that the purse seine gets priority I with a value of 12.27, priority II pelagic danish seine with a value of 11.87 and priority III of gillnet with value of 9.67. In conclusion, purse seine is the best small pelagic fishing unit in PPP Kendal.
Preliminary study: paired clownfish (Amphiprion sp.) spawning pattern in indoor rearing system
Authors: Sahusilawane H A , Junior M Z , Suprayudi M A , Soelistyowati D T , Tumbelaka L I T A , Effendi I 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Amphiprion sp. is known as the most popular tropical marine ornamental fish with unique colours and sequential hermaphroditic, social hierarchy and monogamous characteristics. Information on the spawning pattern of clownfish is very important. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the spawning patterns of Amphiprion sp. in indoor rearing system. Observations of spawning patterns were conducted for 14 days in paired of clownfish reared in aquarium sized 40×40×30 cm3 with running water system. The results showed that maturation process in female started with the appearance of swollen abdomen and extended oviduct from the genital hole of female, then parent pair fish together cleaned the egg laying area, and spawned at 13.00-16.00. Spawning occurred on the fourth day to the seventh. The eggs were incubated for one week. During the incubation period, egg colour changed from orange on the first day to silver eye on seventh day, and the eggs hatched at 18.00-20.00 on eighth day. The spawning pattern of clownfish in indoor system is highly determined by time and environmental conditions.
Characterization of ammonium sulphate fraction of pepsin from fish stomach
Authors: Sholeh M M , Ambarsari L , Nurcholis W , Nurhayati T 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Pepsin is one of the digestive enzymes often used in various fields, especially for industry. Pepsin can be isolated from fish viscera. This study was aimed to obtain the source of pepsin having high activity and the characteristics of the pepsin. Fish used in this study including tuna, Hemigaleus balfouri, skipjack, and cob. Pepsin was purified using ammonium sulfate. The results showed that pepsin from tuna and H. balfouri had the highest activity. The activity of the purified pepsin as 101,061 AU/mg. The pepsin worked in a temperature range of 40-60 °C and pH 2 having activity up to 9,000 AU mL, and 9,800 AU/mL, respectively.
Accumulation of lead (Pb) on fish caught by millennium gillnets (ply) in Musi estuary, Banyuasin waters, South Sumatera, Indonesia
Authors: Agustriani F , Purwiyanto A I S , Putri W A E , Fauziyah  , Suteja Y 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Millenium gillnet (ply) fishing gear began operating in the coastal waters of Banyuasin in 2016. This tool is a government alternative to replace trawl fishing gear. The catches obtained include economic fish. The study was aimed to analyze the accumulation of lead on fish caught by millenium gillnet (ply) in Musi estuary. Fish were obtained from fishing ground fishermen. The samples taken were fish organs (gills, gastric contents and fish meat) then the samples were reconstructed using HNO3 and analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). The results showed that Pb accumulated in all types of fish caught using ply in Musi estuary coast and the amount exceeded the safe consumption limits applied by FAO, BPOM, and several countries. Overall, there is a tendency for the highest Pb metal accumulation in gills organs.
Distribution and abundance of the arfak rainbowfish, Melanotaenia arfakensis Allen, 1990 in Prafi River system, Manokwari, West Papua: due to habitat degradation?
Authors: Manangkalangi E , Rahardjo M F , Hadiaty R K , Hariyadi S , Simanjuntak C P H 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Arfak rainbowfish, Melanotaenia arfakensis, is one of the freshwater endemic fish in Manokwari, West Papua. The presence of the Arfak rainbowfish is currently experiencing many disturbances related to anthropogenic activities. This research, therefore, was conducted to describe habitat condition, distribution and abundance of the Arfak rainbowfish in the Prafi River system spatially. This study was conducted for 12 months on 12 sites in Nimbai and Aimasi Streams, the Prafi River system. The results showed that this species was mainly distributed in the upper reaches of the Nimbai and the Aimasi streams based on the frequency of occurrence (>90.9%) and relative abundance (≥25.5%). The lower fish occurrence and abundance was found at site of the sewerage and downstream. The highest value of the habitat utilization overlap index between Arfak rainbowfish and alien fish species was found in lower reaches. Decreasing habitat quality in lower reaches of the river causes limited distribution and decline in abundance of this species. To conserve this endemic fish population, it is necessary to maintain habitat condition in the upstream area and restore the damaged habitat in lower reaches of the Prafi River system.
Coral recruitment on concrete blocks at Gosong Pramuka, Kepulauan Seribu, Jakarta
Authors: Subhan B , Hudhayani N N , Ervinia A , Santoso P , Arafat D , Khairudi D , Soedharma D , Dhere R M , Madduppa H 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The current research was conducted to study the coral recruitment on concrete blocks at Gosong Pramuka, in Kepulauan Seribu. The concrete blocks were observed based on the wave exposure, i.e. the exposed area and sheltered area. A total of 247 coral recruits colonies was recorded on concrete substrates in Gosong Pramuka. The number of coral colonies in the exposed area (210 colonies) was higher than in the sheltered area (37 colonies). Coral recruit density in the exposed area was 1.37 colony/m2 and in the sheltered area was 0.23 colony/m2. A total of four genera was observed in these areas (Acropora, Porites, Montipora, and Pavona). The branching Acropora colonies were predominant for both areas, while encrusting non-Acropora was primarily found in the exposed area and massive non-Acropora was the major colonies in the sheltered area. The coral size of branching and encrusting Acropora in the sheltered area was significantly bigger than in the exposed area (P <0.05). In the exposed area, corals are found in the center of the concrete, but in the sheltered area, they are located in the corner and the edge of the concrete.
Antibacterial activity of sea cucumber (Holothuria atra) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Sukmiwati M , Ilza M , Putri A E , Sidauruk S W 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Sea cucumber (Holothuria atra) is one of the bioresources that has not been utilized optimally. This marine animal contains potentially bioactive compounds, therefore it can be used as an alternative by fishery products processing industries. This study was aimed to determine the potential of the bioactive compound in sea cucumber and to determine the antibacterial activity of sea cucumber against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Experiments were carried out using diffusion method with concentration 0.50, 0.75, 1 mg/disc. The results showed that methanol extract of sea cucumber contained terpenoids, saponins, and phenolic. The diameter of methanol extract inhibition zone at 1 mg concentration of 12.25±0.05 mm and of three types of fractions used hexane fraction had a more dominant antibacterial potency with diameter inhibition zone at 1 mg concentration of 14.61±0.02 mm. Based on the results of research that the methanol extract and hexane fraction of sea cucumber has potential as an antibacterial.
Characteristic of carrageenan Eucheuma cottonii collected from the coast of Tanjung Medang Village and Jaga Island, Riau
Authors: Diharmi A , Rusnawati  , Irasari N 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Carrageenan is a group of polysaccharides extracted from red seaweed. Carrageenan extraction can be done by several methods, one of which is alkaline solution (KOH) because KOH produces a stronger gel than other alkalis. Carrageenan was extracted using hot alkali followed by precipitation, drying, and milling. The purpose of this study was to determine the chemical composition of dried E. cottonii from North Tanjung Medang Village and Jaga island coastal sea regions and physico-chemical characteristics of carrageenan extracted with KOH solutions 4, 8 and 12%. The results of analysis showed that the chemical composition of dried E.cottonii of both costal sea regions not significant. The chemical characteristics of carrageenan from Tanjung Medang Village and Jaga Island using KOH 4, 8, and 12%, were moisture (11-8%), ash (27-36%), acid-insoluble ash (1.66-2.0%), and sulphate content (24-29%), those not significant all carrageenan except ash content. Whereas the physical characteristics of both carrageenan were significantly different. The results of this study indicated that the carrageenan extracted with KOH (4.8, and 12%) has similar physico-chemical characteristics except for gel strength, viscosity, and ash content.