bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endogenous retroviruses transcriptomes in response to four avian pathogenic microorganisms infection in chicken
Authors: Zhang Xiquan , Dai Manman , Xie Tingting , Feng Min 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) are common in the genomes of vertebrates and have been implicated in a variety of host responses such as immunity, phenotypic character and disease occurrence. However, the impact of ERVs on chicken disease is not well understood. In particular, the expression profiles of chicken ERVs (ChERVs) in the infection of pathogenic microorganisms are not clear. Results In the present study, we systematically identified 436 full-length ChERVs from the chicken genome and analyzed their neighboring genes. Subsequently, ChERV transcriptomes were analyzed in chicken after subgroup J avian leukosis virus (ALV-J), avian influenza virus (AIV), Marek’s disease virus (MDV) and avian pathogenic escherichia coli (APEC) infection. We found that about 50%-68% of ChERVs were transcriptionally active in infected-samples and uninfected-samples, although the abundance of most ChERVs is relatively low. Moreover, compared to uninfected-samples, a few ChERVs were significantly differentially expressed in ALV-J (49 ChERVs), AIV (18 ChERVs), MDV (66 ChERVs) and APEC (17 ChERVs) infected-samples. Of these differentially expressed ChERVs, only ChERV-3 was simultaneously down-regulated in the four ERV transcriptomes analysis after ALV-J, AIV, MDV and APEC infection. Further verification experiments found that both the exogenous and endogenous expression of ChERV-3 env gene was inhibited after ALV-J infection in chicken fibroblasts. However, overexpression of ChERV-3 env could induce the expression of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs), but did not affect the replication of ALV-J. Conclusions To our knowledge, this study systematically revealed the expression profile of ChERVS for the first time after the pathogenic microorganism infection in chicken. These findings may be of significance for understanding the role and function of ChERVs to response the pathogenic microorganism infection.
Evaluation of right ventricle pulmonary artery coupling on right ventricular function in post operative Tetralogy of Fallot patients underwent for pulmonary valve replacement
Authors: Bhushan Sandeep , Xin Huang , Yuan Li , Xiaowei Wang , Long Mao , Yue Kan , Dan Xiong , Ke Gao , Xiao Zongwei 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: The aim of this study is to evaluate RV-PA coupling in post operative TOF patients with ventricular dilatation underwent for PVR and investigate the correlation between ventricular functions measuring Ea/Emax ratio using cardio magnetic resonance and the effect of surgical type at primary repair of TOF on coupling.Method: 135 TOF patients after TOF repair were retrospectively included. From CMRI results the patients were divided in two groups, RV-PA coupling and RV-PA uncoupling. Ea/Emax ≤1 was considered for coupling patients and Ea/Emax >1 for uncoupling patients.Results : 90 patients were uncoupled (Ea/Emax: 1.55±0.46) and 45 were coupled (Ea/Emax: 0.81±0.15). Out of 75 TAP repaired patients 60 were uncoupled RV-PV. In addition, higher pro-BNP is an important factor for uncoupled RV-PV ( P =0.001). CMR evaluation for right ventricular function between uncoupling and coupling were RVEDVi (196.65±63.57 vs. 154.28±50.07, P =0.001), RVESVi (121.19±51.47 vs. 83.94±20.43, P =0.001), RVSVi (67.19±19.87 vs. 106.31±33.44, P =0.001), and RVEF (40.90±8.73 vs. 54.63±4.76, P =0.001). The increased RVEDVi, RVESVi and RVSVi and decreased RVEF have significant correlation with Ea/Emax. Ea/Emax was also found positively correlated with RVEDVi ( P=< 0.05, r =0.35), RVESVi ( P=< 0.001, r =0.41) and negatively correlated with RVSVi ( P=< 0.05, r =0.22) and RVEF ( P=< 0.05, r =0.78).Conclusions: Unfavorable RV-PA coupling is present in post operative TOF patients and it is affected by several factors. Our results explain the emerging role of RV-PA interactions as a contributing mechanism for the observed decline in RV function.
Effect of motor imagery and actual practice on learning professional medical skills
Authors: COLLET Christian , HAJJ Mahmoud El , BUI-XUAN Bernard , LEHOT Jean-Jacques , Hoyek Nady 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background The peripheral venous catheter (PVC) is the most frequently used medical device in hospital care to administer intravenous treatment or to take blood samples by introducing a catheter into a vein. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of motor imagery (MI) associated with actual training on the learning of PVC insertion into a simulated venous system.Method: This is a prospective monocentre study in 3rd year medical students. Forty medical students were randomly assigned to the experimental group (n = 20) performing both real practice and MI of PVC insertion or to the control group (n = 20) trained through real practice only. We also recruited a reference group of 20 professional nurses defining the benchmark for a target performance.Results The experimental group learned the PVC insertion faster than the control group in the first learning phase (p < 0.001), reaching the expected reference level after 4 sessions (p = .87) whereas the control group needed 5 sessions to reach the same level (p = .88). Both groups were at the same level at the end of the scheduled training.Conclusions MI may thus improve professional motor skills learning, and therefore limit the time needed to reach the expected level. Therefore, MI may strengthen technical medical skill learning.
Remark on the Swarm data residual distribution
Authors: Khokhlov Andrey 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

In Khokhlov & Hulot (2017), we addressed non-Gaussian shapes of histograms of quantities that related to uncertainties in data. We showed that such non-Gaussian features are very likely the result of a mixture of statistical distributions; the presentation there was mainly qualitative and related to various geomagnetic data. In this short remark, we use the Swarm data and present the natural quantitative description of the data distribution and hence suggest additional data control. Such an approach is also applicable in more general situations.
An App Predicting Peritoneal Dialysis Appropriate Dwell Volume for Patients in Daily Quality-of-Care Practice
Authors: Chien Tsair-Wei , Wang Hsien-Yi , Kan Wei-Chih , Chien Chih-Chiang 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background Few studies mention how to objectively adjust peritoneal dialysis (PD) dwell volume (DV) for adult continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients. It requires a great deal of physicians’ precious time to determine the appropriate DV during daily practice. An app with evidence is required to solve this problem independently and efficiently This study aims to determine a method for fluid control that can reduce fluid overload-related complications. We proposed a reference equation composed of parameters from the peritoneal equilibration test (PET) for adjusting daily dialysate DV to obtain more ultrafiltration volume.Methods Ninety PD patients being treated at one medical center were enrolled, with laboratory data collected during half-yearly PET evaluations. The instilled dialysate was composed of 2.57% glucose PD fluid, either 1500 ml or 2000 ml for two groups in DV. We measured intraperitoneal pressure (IPP) before dialysate instilled (P0) and drained in the supine position after four hours (P4), effluent volume (ml), body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and other parameters, including social demographics, to predict the appropriate DV. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was performed to extract independent domains. Statistical multivariate techniques of discrimination analysis and logistic regression (LR) to verify the most feasible and optimal formula were applied to determine inflow volumes for patients. A final equation for fine-tuning daily DV was proposed with an app to be used for physicians and patients in clinical settings.Results Two domains were observed by using EFA: (1) P0, and P4, and effluent volume and (2) BMI and waist circumference. We determined a formula for calculating daily dialysate DV, derived from Logistic analysis to obtain an accurate prediction rate of 94.44% with Z = 4.32974 + 3.85477 * F1 + 3.83008 * F2, higher than the previous study at 80.68%. An app was created to easily adjust the DV in the daily procedure.Conclusion The novel formula, combined with an app using objective, real-time parameters for predicting appropriate DVs, was proposed for PD patients to optimize maximal ultrafiltration volumes and reduce subjective abdominal discomfort. DV is easy to calculate using the app, which makes it possible for physicians or patients to make frequent adjustments.
Praeruptorin C alleviates cognitive impairment in Type 2 diabetic mice through restoring PI3K/AKT/ GSK3β pathway
Authors: Su Dan-jie , Zhao Yu-jia , Yan Tao , Chen Si-jie , Liu Ji-yang , Li Wen-hu , Sun Yao-jun , Yang Le 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Diabetic encephalopathy is a common complication of diabetes, leading to cognitive impairment. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic effects of Praeruptorin C (Pra-C), an active component of traditional Chinese herb medicine Peucedanum praeruptorum, on cognitive impairment in a mouse model of type 2 diabetes. Our results showed that Pra-C administration significantly reduced body weight and fasting blood glucose levels, relieved learning and memory behavioral deficits in diabetic model mice. The effects of Pra-C on learning and memory ability were further confirmed by late-phase LTP (L-LTP) facilitation, which was recorded by Med64 electrophysiology recording system. Pra-C also restored the activation of PI3K/AKT/GSK3β signaling pathway in hippocampus of mice suffering from diabetes. Taken together, this study demonstrates that Pra-C alleviates cognitive impairment in diabetic mice by restoring PI3K/AKT/GSK3β activation.
Clinical Prediction Rules in acute appendicitis: Which combination of variables is more effective at predicting?
Authors: Olmo Juan Carlos Martín del , López Juan Ramón Gómez , Esteban M. Luz Martín , Cutoli Pilar Concejo , Martín M. Antonia Montenegro , Puerta Carlos Vaquero , Mestanza Cristina López 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Clinical prediction rules have been designed to reduce diagnostic variability and improve the effectiveness of the diagnostic process. However, there are no unanimous criteria regarding which of them is the most efficient for the diagnosis of right iliac fossa pain. Aim: The primary aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic efficacy of the most commonly used clinical prediction rules. The second aim was to identify the combination of the smallest number of clinical and analytical variables that would allow a cost-effective diagnostic approach to assess the right iliac fossa pain. Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted of 458 patients who were evaluated for right iliac fossa pain between January 2010 and December 2016. The selected scores (Alvarado, AIR, RIPASA, and AAS) were applied to all cases to validate their effectiveness and simultaneously establish the smallest number of variables that were needed for an efficient diagnosis. Univariate and multiple regressions were used for validation. Results: Of the four scores tested, the Alvarado score was the most efficient diagnostic approach. However, the most reduced and predictive combination of the evaluated variables included anorexia, white blood cell count> 8275 leukocytes/μL, neutrophilia (>75%), abdominal pain < 48 hours, migrating pain to the right lower quadrant and axillary temperature out the range of 37-39ºC. Conclusions: A new and effective score for predicting appendicitis in patients presenting with right iliac fossa pain has been established.
Vaccine Design against Coronavirus Spike (S) Glycoprotein in Chicken: Immunoinformatic and Computational Approaches
Authors: Ali Sumaia Awad Elkariem , Awadelkareem Eman Ali 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
BackgroundInfectious bronchitis (IB) is a highly contagious respiratory disease in chickens and produces economic loss within the poultry industry. It is caused by a single stranded RNA virus belonging to Cronaviridae family.MethodsThe present study used various tools in Immune Epitope Database (IEDB) to predict conserved B and T cell epitopes against IBV spike (S) protein that may perform a significant role in provoking the resistance response to IBV infection. Structural analysis, homology modelling and molecular docking were also achieved.ResultsIn B cell prediction methods, three epitopes (1139KKSSYY1144, 1140KSSYYT1145, 1141SSYYT1145) were selected as surface, linear and antigenic epitopes based on the length and antigenicity score. Many MHCI and MHCII epitopes were predicted for IBV S protein. Among them 982YYITARDMY990 and 983YITARDMYM991 epitopes displayed high antigenicity, no allergenicity and no toxicity as well as great linkage with MHCI and MHCII alleles. Moreover, docking analysis of MHCI epitope produced strong binding affinity with BF2 alleles. Conclusion: Five conserved epitopes were expected from spike glycoprotein of IBV as the top B cell and T cell epitopes due to high antigenicity, no allergenicity and no toxicity. In addition, MHC epitopes showed great linkage with MHC alleles as well as strong interaction with BF2 alleles. These epitopes should be designed and incorporated and then tested as multi-epitope vaccine against IBV.
Cell cycle arrest and senescence in P53-wild type renal carcinoma by enhancer RNA - P53-bound enhancer regions 2(p53BER2) through p53-dependent pathway
Authors: XIE HAIBIAO , Ma Kaifang , Zhang Kenan , Zhou Jingcheng , Li Lei , Yang Wuping , Gong Yanqing , Cai Lin , Gong Kan 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background

P53 is a classic tumor suppressor, but its role in kidney cancer remains unclear. In our study, we tried to explain the role of p53 in kidney cancer through p53 enhancer RNA-related pathway.
Methods

qPCR and luciferase reporters were used to detect the expression of p53-related enhancer RNA. Nutlin3 and artificial "microRNA" were used to induce and inhibit the expression of p53 enhancer RNA, respectively. Cycle analysis and β-galactosidase assay were used to explore whether P53-bound enhancer regions 2(p53BER2) plays a role in the cell cycle and senescence response of p53-wild type (WT) renal cancer cells. The function of p53BER2 was further analyzed in vivo by nude mice. RNA sequencing was used to identify the potential target of p53BER2.
Results

The results showed that P53BER2 expression was down-regulated in renal cancer tissues and cell lines and could specifically express in p53-WT renal cancer cell lines. Knockdown p53BER2 could reverse nutlin-3-induced cytotoxic effect in p53-WT cell lines. Further, downregulation of p53BER2 could reverse nutlin-3-induced G1 arrest and senescence in p53-WT cell lines. What is more, knockdown of p53BER2 showed a resistance to nutlin-3 treatment in Vivo. Additionally, we found BRCA2 could be regulated by p53BER2 in vitro and vivo, which suggested BRCA2 might mediate the function of p53BER2 in RCC.
Conclusions

The p53-associated enhancer RNA-p53BER2 mediates the cell cycle and senescence of p53 in p53-WT renal cancer cells. This further provides a novel approach and insight for the RCC and p53 research in renal cancer.
The emergence of the national medical assistance scheme for the poorest in Mali
Authors: Touré Laurence , Ridde Valéry 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Universal health coverage (UHC) is now high up the international agenda. There are still major needs to be met in West Africa, particularly in Mali, where providing health care for the poorest remains a big challenge. The majority of the region’s countries are currently seeking to define the content of their compulsory, contribution-based medical insurance system. However, very few countries apart from Mali have decided to, in parallel, develop a solution for poorest that is not based on contributions.Methods: This qualitative research article examines the historical process that has permitted the emergence of this ground-breaking public policy.Results: The research shows that the process has been very long, chaotic and sometimes suspended for long periods. One of the biggest challenges has been that of intersectoriality and the social construction of the groups to be targeted by this public policy (the poorest), as institutional tensions have evolved in accordance with the political issues linked to social protection. Eventually, the medical assistance scheme for the poorest (RAMED) saw the light of day in 2011, funded entirely by the government.Conclusions: Its emergence would appear to be attributable not so much to any new concern for the poorest in society but rather to a desire to give the social protection policy engaged in a guarantee of universality. The RAMED nonetheless remains an innovation within French-speaking West Africa.
What we know and don’t know about the Immunization Program of Ethiopia: A Scoping Review of the Literature
Authors: Tilahun Binyam , Mekonnen Zeleke , Sharkey Alyssa , Shahabuddin Asm , Feletto Marta , Zelalem Meseret , Shiekh Kabir 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: There has been significant recent prioritization and investment in the immunization program in Ethiopia. However, coverage rates have stagnated and remained low for many years, suggesting the presence of systemic barriers to implementation. Hence, there is a need to consolidate the existing knowledge, in order to address them and consequently improve program effectiveness. Methods: A thorough literature review and Delphi method were used. In the literature review, we searched Pubmed/Medline, WHO library, Science direct, Cochrane library, Google scholar and Google using different combinations of search strategies. Studies that applied any study design, data collection and analysis methods related to immunization program were included. In the Delphi method, a panel of 28 national and international experts were participated to identify current evidence gaps and set research priorities under the immunization program. Results: In this review, a total of 55 studies and national documents were included. The review showed that the vaccination coverage ranged from 20.6% in Afar to 91.7% in Amhara region with large inequities related to socio-economic, health service access and knowledge about vaccination across different settings. Only one study reported evidence on timeliness of immunization as 60%. The review revealed that 80% of health facilities provide immunization service nationally while service availability was only 2% in private health facilities. This review indicated that poor vaccine storage, vaccine shortage, service interruptions, poor defaulter tracing, low community engagement and poor documentation were the main barriers for the EPI program with variations across different regions. Through expert panel of discussion using Delphi method, 10 priority research areas were identified across different domains of the immunization program at national level. Conclusion: We found out that there is substantial knowledge on vaccination coverage, however, there is little evidence on timeliness of vaccination. The existing barriers that affect full immunization coverage also varied from context to context which indicates there is a need to design and implement evidence based locally tailored interventions. This review also indicated evidence gaps with more focus on health system related implementation barriers at lower level and identified further research priorities in the immunization program of Ethiopia.
LincRNA-Cox2 targeting miR-150 regulating the proliferation and apoptosis of chondrocytes in osteoarthritis
Authors: Jiang Meng , Xu Kai , Ren Huafeng , Wang Mingmin , Hou Ximin , Cao Jianping 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a joint disease characterized by progressive cartilage degradation and inflammation, but the detailed pathogenesis of OA is still unclear. Here, we aimed to investigate the role of LincRNA-Cox2 in OA progression and the potential mechanism.Methods: OA mouse model and IL-1β-induced injury of mouse chondrocytes were conducted. Si-Cox2 was transfected into chondrocytes for elucidating the effect of LincRNA-Cox2 on OA. qR-TPCR was used to detect the expression of LincRNA-Cox2 and miR-150. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were analyzed by MTT assay and Annexin V/PI stain respectively. Western blot was used to evaluate the protein levels in chondrocytes.Results: High levels of LincRNA-Cox2 were observed in both cartilage tissues of OA and IL-1β-treated chondrocytes. Knockdown of LincRNA-Cox2 promoted the proliferation and inhibited apoptosis of chondrocytes. Mechanically, LincRNA-Cox2 directly target to miR-150, acting as a ceRNA, and the effect of si-Cox2 on proliferation and apoptosis in chondrocytes was reversed by miR-150 inhibitor. Moreover, LincRNA-Cox2 had ability to activate wnt/β-catenin pathway to regulate chondrocytes proliferation and apoptosis.Conclusion: Silencing LincRNA-Cox2 plays a protective role in OA by enhancing the proliferation and suppressing apoptosis of chondrocytes, which was related with increase of miR-150 and activation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
The Aggressive Surgical Treatment and Outcome of a Colon Cancer Patient Infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Wuhan, China and Our Experience Sharing
Authors: Gao Jinbo , Yang Ming , Liu Lian , Guo Shuang , Li Yongfeng , Cheng Chao 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Cancer patients are at increased risks of novelcoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Currently, surgical strategies for cancer patients with COVID-19 are generally suggested to be properly delayed. Case presentation:We presented a 69-year-old Chinese female colon cancer patientwith COVID-19, the first case accepted the surgical treatment during the epidemic season in China. Thepatient developed a fever on January 28, 2020. After treatments with Ceftriaxone and Abidol, her fever was not reduced yet. A repeat chest computed tomography (CT) scan showed the infectious lesions significantly exacerbated, with a positive result for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) nucleic acid. An abdomen CT scan indicated the tumor of ascending colon with local wrapped changes. She was diagnosed with ‘Severe novel coronavirus pneumonia’ and ‘Incomplete bowel obstruction: Colon cancer?’. After actively anti-inflammatory and anti-viral therapies, aright colectomy with lymph node dissection was performed on March 11. The pathological changes of tissue specimens were further investigated.The patient successfully recovered from COVID-19 and surgery, without any postoperative related complications, and was discharged on the 9th day after operation. No case of surgeon, nurse or anesthetist in our team infected by SARS-CoV-2 occurred. Microscopically, significant degeneration, necrosis and slough of focal intestinal and colonic mucosal epithelial cells were observed. Conclusions:It is meaningful and imperative to share our experience to protect health care personnel from SARS-CoV-2infection and to provide references for optimizing treatment of cancer patient, at least for the operative intervention absolutely necessary or emergency surgery,during the outbreak of COVID-19.