bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developing a Comprehensive School-Based Physical Activity Program with Flexible Design – From Pilot to National Program
Authors: Mooses Kerli , Vihalemm Triin , Uibu Marko , Mägi Katrin , Korp Leene , Kalma Maarja , Mäestu Evelin , Kull Merike 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Finding ways to support children in meeting suggested physical activity levels is a worldwide challenge. Current article introduces the design and development process of the Estonian nationwide comprehensive physical activity program Schools in Motion (SiM) which aims to increase the physical activity levels of children in school settings where schools are active partners in the development and implementation process. The SiM program began with 10 pilot schools in 2016 and has now reached 110 schools in 4 years, with yet more schools eager to join. The program is very popular among schools and has received a positive reception among the governors and society at large. The article describes and analyses the key elements of the planning, piloting, implementation, and scaling phases of the SiM program to give a deeper understanding of the development and the design process of nationwide physical activity intervention programs. In addition to the process and program description, we have also tried to address the difficulties faced during the development process, the strengths and challenges associated with an interdisciplinary approach, and involvement of schools as experts. The article includes an overview of the lessons learnt and the main focuses of the coming years. We hope this article and our experiences will provide valuable information to practitioners and researchers in the field.
Clinical Characteristics of Dry Eye with Ocular Neuropathic Pain Features: Comparison According to the Types of Sensitization Based on the Ocular Pain Assessment Survey
Authors: Kim Jonghwa , Yoon Hyeon Jeong , You In Cheon , Ko Byung Yi , Yoon Kyung Chul 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: To compare the clinical characteristics of dry eye patients with ocular neuropathic pain features according to the types of sensitization based on the Ocular Pain Assessment Survey (OPAS).Methods: Cross-sectional study of 33 patients with dry eye and ocular neuropathic pain features. All patients had a comprehensive ophthalmic assessment including detailed history, the intensity and duration of ocular pain, the tear film, ocular surface, and Meibomian gland examination, and OPAS. Patients with <50% improvement in pain intensity after proparacaine challenge test were assigned to the central-dominant sensitization group (central group) and those with ≥50% improvement were assigned to the peripheral-dominant sensitization group (peripheral group). All variables were compared between the two groups.Results: No significant differences were observed in age, sex, underlying diseases, history of ocular surgery, duration of ocular pain, tear film, ocular surface and Meibomian gland parameters (all p>0.05). Ocular pain and non-ocular pain severity and the percentage of time spent thinking about non-ocular pain were significantly higher in the central group than in the peripheral group (all p<0.05). Central group complained more commonly of a burning sensation than did the peripheral group (p=0.01).Conclusions: Patients with central-dominant sensitization may experience more intense ocular and non-ocular pain than the others and burning sensation may be a key symptom in those patients.
The Impact of the COVID-19 Epidemic on Patterns of Attendance at Emergency Departments in Two Large London Hospitals: An Observational Study
Authors: Vollmer Michaela A C , Radhakrishnan Sreejith , Kont Mara D , Flaxman Seth , Bhatt Samir J , Costelloe Ceire , Honeyford Kate , Aylin Paul , Cooke Graham , Redhead Julian , Sanders Alison , Mangan Helen , White Peter J , Ferguson Neil , Hauck Katharina , Nayagam Shevanthi , Perez-Guzman Pablo N 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background

Hospitals in England have undergone considerable change to address the surge in demand imposed by the COVID-19 epidemic. The impact of this on emergency department (ED) attendances is unknown, especially for non-COVID-19 related emergencies.
Methods

We calibrated auto-regressive integrated moving average time-series models of ED attendances to Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust (ICHNT) using historic (2015–2019) data. Forecasted trends were compared to present year ICHNT data for the period between March 12 (when England implemented the first COVID-19 public health measure) and May 31. We compared ICHTN trends with publicly available regional and national data. Lastly, we compared emergency admissions and in-hospital mortality at ICHNT during the present year to a historic 5-year average.
Results

ED attendances at ICHNT decreased by 35%, in keeping with the trend for ED attendances across all England regions, which fell by approximately 50%. For ICHNT, the decrease in attendances was mainly amongst those aged < 65 years and those arriving by their own means (e.g. personal or public transport). Increasing distance from postcode of residence to hospital was a significant predictor of reduced attendances. Non-COVID related emergency admissions to hospital after March 12 fell by 48%; there was an indication of a non-significant increase in non-COVID-19 crude mortality risk (RR 1.13, 95%CI 0.94–1.37, p = 0.19).
Conclusions

Our study finds strong evidence that emergency healthcare seeking has drastically changed across the population in England. At ICHNT, we find that a larger proportion arrived by ambulance and that hospitalisation outcomes of non-COVID patients did not differ from previous years. The extent to which these findings relate to ED avoidance behaviours compared to having sought alternative emergency health services outside of hospital remains unknown. National analyses and strategies to streamline emergency services in England going forward are urgently needed.
Transcriptome Analysis of Black and White Sesame Seed Reveals Candidate Genes Associated with Black Seed Development in Sesame (Sesamum Indicum)
Authors: Dossou Senouwa Segla Koffi , Wang Linhai , Wei Xin , Zhang Yanxin , Li Donghua , Yu Jingyin , Zhang Xiurong 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Seed coat color is a key agronomic characteristic in sesame (Sesamum indicum) since it is strongly linked to seed oil, proteins, and lignans content and it influences consumer preferences. Even though some QTL and candidate genes have been detected for sesame seed coat color, the mechanism and regulation of black pigmentation are not entirely understood. This study provides an overview of developing seeds transcriptome of two varieties of sesame “Zhongfengzhi No.1” (white seed) and “Zhongzhi No.33” (black seed) and shed light on genes involving in black seed formation.Results: Both black and white sesame showed similar trend expressed genes with the numbers increased at the early stages of seed development. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) number increased with seed development in the two sesame varieties. We examined the DEGs and uncovered that the early stage, which is from 8 to 17 days post-anthesis (DPA) plays an important role in black pigment biosynthesis and accumulation. The gene expression patterns were consistent with the seed color change. Besides, we studied the shared DEGs between the black and white sesame. We figured out 17 candidate genes associated with pigments biosynthesis in black sesame seed including 2 chalcone synthase genes SIN_1018961 and SIN_1018959 which may function in the phenylpropanoid pathway. 5 of these candidate genes, SIN_1006242 and SIN_1016759/PPO, SIN_1026689 and SIN_1006025, SIN_1025056 are located on chromosomes 4, 8 and 11 respectively, in conformity with previous QTL mapping. These genes were believed to play a major role in black seed development in sesame. Conclusion: This work illuminated the different expression profiles in black and white sesames and unfolded pivotal stages and a catalog of candidate genes associated with black seed formation in sesame. These findings provide a vast transcriptome dataset and list of genes that will be targeted for functional studies related to the molecular mechanism involved in biosynthesis and regulation of seed coat color in sesame and for molecular breeding of high-quality sesame varieties.
WITHDRAWN: Longitudinal Variations of Noontime Thermospheric Winds in Response to IMF Bz Temporal Oscillations: Broken Mean Circulation and Standing Feature
Authors: Zhang Kedeng , Wang Hui , Wang Wenbin , Liu Jing , Gao Jie 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
By using coupled magnetosphere-thermosphere-ionosphere model, we explore the longitudinal/UT differences of the dayside neutral wind in response to the 60 min periodic oscillation of interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) Bz. The southward propagation of the travelling atmospheric disturbances (TADs) in meridional wind stands at about 20º MLat, which is related to the geomagnetic field configuration, neutral temperature and electron density changes. The meridional wind travels continuously from high to low latitude in the western southern hemisphere, while they are broken into pieces in the eastern southern hemisphere. The broken mean circulation is induced by the stronger roles of the ion drag than the pressure gradient. The ion drag shows obvious longitudinal differences associated with the penetration of the ionospheric electric field during the oscillation of IMF Bz.
Factors Affecting the Technical Efficiency of Rural Primary Health Care Centers in Hamadan, Iran: Data Envelopment Analysis and Tobit Regression
Authors: Mohammadpour Saeed , Javan-Noughabi Javad , Najar Ali Vafaee , Zangeneh Moharram , Yousefi Shaghayegh , Nouhi Mojtaba , jahangiri reza 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Health houses are the most important providers of primary health care to the rural communities of Iran, mainly based on Behvarz workers. The aim of present study was estimate the technical efficiency of Health houses and ascertain factors that affect this efficiency.
Methods
This is a Longitudinal study of rural primary health care centers in Hamadan province (2002–2016). Data Envelopment Analysis was employed to estimate technical efficiency of sampled health facilities while Panel Tobit Analysis was applied to predict factors associated with efficiency levels. The outputs were child mortality rate under one year of age and child mortality rate under five years of age. The input was Behvarzes (rural health workers).
Results
The results of efficiency analysis showed that the average efficiency scores of the centers had a fluctuating trend during the period of the study, but the average performance scores generally decreased in 2016, as compared with 2002. The highest and lowest average performance scores were observed in 2003 (0.78) and 2013 (0.56), respectively. Number of physicians and rural primary healthcare centers per population had a positive statistically significant and the number of midwives and the total fertility per population had a negative statistically significant effect on efficiency.
Conclusions
The findings suggest some level of wastage of health resources in primary health centers. The policy maker and relevant stakeholders should undertake more effective need analysis, optimizing human resource utilization and reducing fertility in rural areas to promote efficiency.
The torsional alignment changed significantly in growing rabbits after patella dislocation by a three-dimensional measurement
Authors: Niu Jinghui , Qi Qi , Piao Kang , Hao Kuo , Wang Fei 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Torsional malalignment has been considered as a risk factor for patella dislocation. But the influence of patella dislocation for torsional alignment development remains unknown. The present study aims to investigate whether the torsion alteration of the hindlimb occur after patella dislocation in growing rabbits. Methods: In the present study, 30 one-month old rabbits were included. The experimental group consists of 30 left knees of rabbits and were underwent patella lateral dislocation. And the control group consists of 30 right knees and no surgical procedure was performed. A CT scan was performed on each knee when the surgery was finished and at the time the rabbits were skeletal mature (5 months post-surgery). The angles of femoral version and tibial torsion were measured using a three-dimensional method and analyzed between the experimental group and control group. Results: The femoral version and tibia torsion in the experimental and control group immediately after surgery were not different significantly. However, 5 months after surgery, the femoral version angle of the experimental group (-5.50±6.13°) was significantly different with that of the experimental group (-10.90±4.74°)(P < 0.05). But the tibia torsion angle in the experimental group (7.17±7.25°) and control group (4.47±6.34°) were not significantly different (P = 0.144). Conclusion: From this study, patella dislocation can lead to alteration of femoral version in growing rabbits. This may indicate the early treatment for patella dislocation in children is particularly important to avoid torsional malalignment in the future. These findings may develop pathology and etiology of patella dislocation.
Effectiveness of Technology-Enhanced Teaching and Assessment Methods of Undergraduate Preclinical Dental skills: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials
Authors: Khalaf Khaled , El-Kishawi Mohamed , Mustafa Shahd , Kawas Sausan Al 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: To investigate the effectiveness of technology-enhanced teaching and assessment methods of undergraduate preclinical skills in comparison to conventional methods. Methods: A comprehensive search strategy was implemented using both manual and electronic search methods, including PubMed, Wiley, ScienceDirect, SCOPUS, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. The search and selection of articles that met the inclusion criteria were carried out in duplicates. A Cochrane data extraction form for RCTs was used to extract the relevant information from all included articles. Risk of bias of all included articles was assessed independently by two authors using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Results: A total of 19 randomized controlled clinical trials met the inclusion criteria and were included in this review. The majority of the studies included in this review have a high risk of bias mainly due to incomplete data, lack of blinding of the examiners, and due to other biases, such as small sample sizes, not accounting for additional hours of training, and the lack of calibration of examiners grading the preparations. Conflicting results were reported in the included studies with regards to whether there were differences between the intervention and control groups in the outcome measure of quality of students’ performance. A meta-analysis could not be done for this study due to the heterogeneity among the included studies.Conclusions: Technology-enhanced teaching and assessment tools used in preclinical skills training of undergraduate dental students have the potential to improve students’ performance. However, due to the conflicting outcomes reported in the 19 studies included in this systematic review and their high risk of bias, better quality studies are required to find a definitive answer to the research question of this systematic review.
Quantifying and understanding errors in molecular geometries
Authors: Vuckovic Stefan , Burke Kieron 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Electronic structure calculations are ubiquitous in most branches of chemistry, but all have errors in both energies and equilibrium geometries. Quantifying errors in possibly dozens of bond angles and bond lengths is a Herculean task. A single natural measure of geometric error is introduced, the geometry energy offset (GEO). GEO links many disparate aspects of geometry errors: a new ranking of different methods, quantitative insight into errors in specific geometric parameters, and insight into trends with different methods. GEO can also reduce the cost of high-level geometry optimizations and shows when geometric errors distort the overall error of a method. Results, including some surprises, are given for both covalent and weak interactions.
DNA Mismatch Repair State And Clinical Pathological Characteristics Of Ovarian Clear Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Liu Qian , Zhou Huimei , Yang Jiaxin , Shi Xiaohua 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) is a distinct subtype of epithelial ovarian cancer. With the exception of very early stage disease, OCCCs are associated with worse prognosis due to poor response to platinum-based chemotherapy compared with serous carcinoma. OCCCs with microsatellite instability (MSI) may represent a unique subset and may open an alternative therapeutic avenue for a fraction of patients with OCCC. The purpose of this study is to explore the role of DNA mismatch repair (MMR) in the genesis and development of clear cell carcinoma by determining the differential expression of MMR gene in different subtypes of ovarian carcinoma and the expression of MMR protein in clear cell carcinoma, so as to provide ideas for future tumor treatment.Results: The expression of MSH6 gene in HGSC group was higher than that in OCCC group, and the difference had statistical significance (P=0.01). The expression of MLH1 gene in OCCC group was higher than that in HGSC group, and the difference had statistical significance (P=0.0221). There was no significant difference in the expression of MSH2 gene between the two groups. There were no significant differences in the expression of the three genes between OCCC group with good prognosis (group G) and OCCC group with poor prognosis (group P). In order to further verify the expression of MMR protein in OCCC group, immunohistochemistry was performed, and the results showed that 92.3% of the patients (36/39) had pMMR, 7.69% of the patients (3/39) had dMMR. The average follow-up time of patients with dMMR was 19.3 months, and there was no recurrence or death.Conclusion: There were differences in the expression of MSH6 and MLH1 genes between ovarian clear cell carcinoma and high-grade serous carcinoma, indicating that the two subtypes of tumor may have different origins. The prognosis of clear cell carcinoma patients with dMMR was better as of the follow-up date, suggesting that dMMR may be an early event of clear cell carcinoma.
Serum IgE in the Clinical Features and Disease Outcome of IgG4-related Disease: A Large Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Zhou Jiaxin , Peng Yu , Peng Linyi , Wu Di , Li Jing , Jiang Nan , Li Jieqiong , Lu Hui , Liu Zheng , Luo Xuan , Teng Fei , Fei Yunyun , Zhang Wen , Zhao Yan , Zeng Xiaofeng 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the role of serum IgE level in the clinical features and outcome of IgG-4 related disease (IgG4-RD). Methods: We retrospectively enrolled 459 newly diagnosed IgG4-RD patients with serum IgE examined at baseline from 2012 to 2019, and compared the clinical features between high IgE group (Serum IgE level>60KU/L) and normal IgE group (Serum IgE level≤60KU/L) patients. Then 312 patients who have been followed up for ≥ 1 year were further selected to evaluate the correlation of serum IgE level and disease outcome. Results: At baseline, Serum IgE level was positively correlated with serum IgG4 level (r=0.1779, P=0.0001), eosinophil count (r=0.3004, P<0.0001), serum IgG level (r=0.2189, P<0.0001) in IgG4-RD patients. Compared with normal IgE group patients, high IgE group patients had more patients with allergy disease (P=0.004), more organ involvements (P=0.003), and higher IgG4-RD RI scores (P=0.002). During follow-up, normal IgE group patients had higher remission induction rate than high IgE group patients (88.4% vs. 73.6%, P=0.035), while high IgE group patients had more relapse rate compared with normal IgE group patients (29.0% vs. 16.2%, P=0.039), and relapsed patients had higher serum IgE level at baseline (P=0.046). Cox regression analysis showed that elevation of the eosinophil count was the risk factors of relapse for both normal and high IgE groups patients (HR 8.504 (1.071-42.511), P=0.009; HR 2.078 (1.277-3.380), P=0.003), and the involvement of lacrimal gland (HR 1.756 (1.108-2.782), P=0.017), submandibular gland (HR 1.654 (1.037-2.639), P=0.035), kidney (HR 3.413 (1.076-10.831), P=0.037) were also the risk factors of relapse for high IgE group patients.Conclusion: IgG4-RD patients with high serum IgE level at baseline were more likely to have higher disease activity, and baseline high IgE level were associated with disease relapse.
Determinants of Physicians’ Intention to Use Clinical Practice Guidelines on Antimicrobial at Tertiary General Hospitals in China
Authors: Deng Qingwen , Liu Wenbin 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Inappropriate use of antimicrobial has resulted in some great public health concerns, such as antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Although the effects of clinical guidelines in standardizing clinical practice, controlling costs and reducing medical risks have been proved, the CPGs on antimicrobial hasn’t been widely applied in China yet. Furthermore, the influencing mechanism for the intention to the use of CPGs on antimicrobial remains largely unknown. Methods: By summarizing the relevant literature, the research model and self-administered questionnaire were developed. A national cross-sectional survey was conducted among physicians at tertiary general hospitals in the eastern, central, and western parts of China. Results: A total of 644 valid questionnaires were collected. The results of reliability and validity analysis showed the questionnaire was acceptable. The analyses of structural equation modeling (SEM) showed the proposed model fitted the data well with favorable values of fit indices. SEM results also revealed that seven determinants influence the intention to the use of CPGs on antimicrobial, including attitude (ATT), subjective norm (SN), perceived risk (PR), relative advantage (RA), ease of use (EOU), top management support (TMS) and organization & implementation (OI). Conclusions: The findings of this study revealed the significance of multifaceted factors to enhance the intention to use CPGs on antimicrobial. These findings will not only contribute to the development of targeted intervention strategies on promoting the use of CPGs on antimicrobial, but also provide insights for future studies about physicians’ adoption behaviors on certain health services or products.