bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chemotherapy Toxicity in Elderly Population ≥65 Years: A Tertiary Care Hospital Experience from India
Authors: Mittal Aditi , Agrawal Amit , Batra Sandeep , Dodagoudar Chandragouda , Qureshi Suhail 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Context: Trials in the elderly have established that older individuals may benefit from chemotherapy to the same extent as younger individuals. Although the elderly patient is a prototype for cancer, very few clinical trials focus on the therapeutic decisions most directly facing older adults. Aims: This study was undertaken to study the chemotherapy-induced severe toxicity among elderly. Settings and Design: This study was a prospective, observational cohort study. The study commenced in October 2014 after obtaining clearance from the hospital ethics and protocol committee. Subjects and Methods: A total of 100 patients were included in the study. All patients were of age ≥65 years, had malignancy, and were planned to start with chemotherapy. Development of Grade 3/4/5 nonhematologic (NH) or Grade 4/5 hematologic (H) toxicities was taken as the development of severe toxicity. Statistical Analysis Used: The quantitative variables were expressed as a mean ± standard deviation and compared using unpaired t-test. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Overall, 64 (64%) patients were able to complete their prescribed treatment. Forty-four patients (44%) of our study cohort experienced Grade 4 H or Grade 3/4 NH toxicity. The most common H Grade 4 toxicities were neutropenia (6%) and thrombocytopenia (5%). The most common NH toxicities were fatigue (18%), infection (10%), and cardiac abnormalities (4%). Conclusions: Less than 50% of elderly patients experience severe chemotherapy-related toxicity. First 30 days are most important for toxicity assessment as 45% of patients experienced toxicity in this time frame.
Secretory Leukocyte Protease Inhibitor in Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Ajila Vidya , Babu Subhas , Shetty Veena , Hegde Shruthi , Shenoy Shilpa 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Objectives: Secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI) is a protein found in body fluids and implicated as a prognostic factor in many cancers. There is limited research regarding serum and salivary SLPI in oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Materials and Methods: A total of 90 participants were included in the study; of which 30 formed the control group, 30 included participants with OPMD, and 30 included participants with OSCC. Serum and salivary levels of SLPI were estimated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: Serum levels of SLPI showed progressive increase in potentially malignant disorders and SCC patients when compared with controls, while salivary levels were increased in both OPMD and OSCC groups as compared to controls. However, the difference between groups was not statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The above results suggest that increase in SLPI levels in the serum may have a role in indicating progression of OPMD to OSCC.
Furosemide in water matrix: HPLC-UV method development and degradation studies
Authors: Machado Ana Isabel , Fragoso Rita , Dordio Ana Vitória Martins Neves Barrocas , Duarte Elizabeth 
Published: February 2020

This study developed a method for furosemide quantification through high performance liquid chromatographic technique. Special attention was given to solute loss and storage stability due to furosemide’s low solubility and photosensitivity, respectively. The performance of Nylon and PVDF filters was tested in a 2 mg.L-1 furosemide solution. PVDF filters showed better recovery capacity and therefore are more suitable for furosemide filtration. Over eight days, three different storage conditions were studied to access furosemide degradation susceptibility: (i) exposure to light at room temperature, (ii) storage at room temperature without exposure to light, and (iii) storage at 4ºC without exposure to light. The study demonstrated that after 48 h under natural light exposure furosemide was completely degraded. Furosemide solution stored in the dark was stable. Storage temperature did not seem to affect furosemide concentration. The study shows that the selection of more suitable filter and storage conditions for furosemide determination is crucial to avoid underestimation errors.
Multistage origin of dunite in the Purang ophiolite, southern Tibet, documented by composition, exsolution and Li isotope characteristics of constituent minerals
Authors: Xiong Fahui , Yang Jingsui , Schertl Hans-Peter , Liu Zhao , Xu Xiangzhen 
Published: February 2020

Abstract. The Purang ophiolite, which crops out over an area of about 650 km2 in the western Yarlung–Zangbo suture zone, consists chiefly of mantle
peridotite, pyroxenite and gabbro. The mantle peridotite is comprised mainly
harzburgite and minor dunite. Locally, the latter contains small pods of
chromitite. Pyroxenite and gabbro occur as veins of variable size within the
peridotite; most of them strike northwest, parallel to the main structure of the
ophiolite. Three types of dunite occur in the Purang ophiolite: dunite that envelopes
podiform chromitite (1) and lenses of dunite with either Cr-rich spinel (2)
or Cr-poor spinel (3) in a harzburgite host. The constituent minerals of
dunite envelopes around podiform chromitite are similar in composition to
those of transition-zone dunite (Fo91.01−91.87 in olivine; Cr/(Cr+Al)
(Cr#) =41.5–47.0 and Mg/(Mg+Fe2+) (Mg#) =58.9–63.0 in
Cr-spinel). Forsterite contents in olivine decrease from type 2 lenses with
Cr-rich spinel (91.9–93.0) to type 1 dunite enveloping chromitite
(91.7–93.7) to type 3 lenses with Cr-poor spinel (95.3–96.0). Similarly,
Cr# in spinel decreases from type 2 (66.9–67.9) to type 1 (41.5–47.0) to
type 3 (19.8–20.6). In addition, Al2O3 in clinopyroxene is
highest in type 2 (3.48–5.24 wt %) and decreases to type 1 (1.56–3.29 wt %) and type 3 (0.78–0.86 wt %). Olivine in type 1 dunite enveloping
podiform chromitite has Li concentrations and δ7Li values of
1.48–1.71 ppm and 6.19 ‰–7.98 ‰, respectively. Type 2
dunite lenses with Cr-rich spinel contain olivine with Li =0.98–1.64 ppm
and δ7Li =6.77 ‰–10.99 ‰. The type 3
dunite lenses with Cr-poor spinel show the highest values of Li =0.94–1.40 ppm and δ7Li =10.25 ‰–14.20 ‰.
Exsolution lamellae of clinopyroxene and magnetite occur as oriented
intergrowths in olivine of type 3 dunite lenses with Cr-poor spinel. We suggest that the Purang ophiolite developed during two main stages of
formation. In the first stage, abyssal peridotites formed in a mid-ocean-ridge
environment. During the second stage, hydrous high-Mg boninitic melts were
produced by high degrees of partial melting in a supra-subduction zone mantle
wedge, which reacted with peridotite to form type 2 dunite pods with
high-Cr# spinel. At lower degrees of partial melting in the same mantle
wedge, Al-rich melts were produced, which reacted with peridotite to form
type 3 dunite pods that contain low-Cr# spinel. These Al-rich melts were
also relatively rich in Ti4+, Ca2+ and Fe3+, which were
incorporated into the olivine structure by appropriate substitutions. During
cooling, these elements exsolved as lamellae of magnetite and clinopyroxene.
Boundary Blurring between the Monstrous, the Marvelous, and the Miraculous: The Battle between Virtues and Vices in a Thirteenth-Century Theological Miscellany
Authors: Heath Diane Elizabeth 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT
The illustrations that formed the original opening folios of a thirteenth-century collection of Latin works on penance and pastoral care (now London: British Library, Harley MS 3244) are linked to William Peraldus, Summa de Vitiis (Treatise on Vice) and Clement of Llanthony, De Sex Alis Cherubim (On the Six Wings of the Cherub). Until now, the illustrations have been examined mainly for their depiction of the “militarization of the Christian ethos” (Binski). However, they exhibit a wealth of monstrous allegorical figures, some expressing significant social and religious tensions in their anti-heretical “othering.” In the first image, a friar or canon receives a scroll from Christ. The central illustrated diagram depicts the battle-lines of the monstrous Seven Deadly Sins with their vices against a mounted knight and his winged vanguard. The final illustration shows a six-winged cherub defeating the seven-headed dragon of sin. The article interprets the illustrations' blurring boundaries between us and them, the human and the monstrous, the demonic and the divine.
Does Test Type Influence False Recognition in the DRM Paradigm? Comparison of the Yes/No Recognition Test and Two-Alternative Forced-Choice Test
Authors: Ulatowska Joanna , Olszewska Justyna , Hanson Matthew D. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Studies attempting to identify the mechanisms that are responsible for the level of false recognition in the DRM paradigm usually apply a manipulation during encoding. The main aim of the studies reported here was to investigate the within- and between-participant effects of a testing method on memory performance using a standard yes/no recognition test and a 2-alternative forced-choice recognition test (2FC). To allow a direct comparison of the 2 testing methods, a 2FC test containing similar items as a typical yes/no test in the DRM paradigm was elaborated on in the pilot study. Moreover, 2 methods of data calculation were used: comparing rates of hit and false alarms with critical lures and with unstudied and unrelated items between the 2 tests and comparing measures of sensitivity (d’) derived from signal detection theory. Both experiments showed a lower false alarm rate to critical lures and higher hit rate in a 2FC test as compared with a yes/no test, depicting a typical mirror effect. A within-participant design (Experiment 1) also showed that this increased accuracy of a 2FC test diminished when memory performance was expressed in terms of a sensitivity measure, which may suggest that similar processes are used during these 2 retrieval methods. A similar analysis performed for a between-participants design (Experiment 2) revealed that a 2FC test was less susceptible to associative memory distortions, but the quality of memory (“remember/know” judgments) remained similar for both tests.
Sex Differences in Patients Hospitalized for Syncope: Experience in University Hospital of Middle-income Country and with a Predominance of Chagasic Etiology
Authors: Silva Rose Mary Ferreira Lisboa da , Paula Jéssica Silva de , Manso Daniela Tereza Gonçalves , Freitas Gabriela Veloso de , Carvalho Marcelo Augusto Antunes de , Pinto Paulo Victor Alves , Vitor Pollyanna Antônia Duarte , Roever Leonardo 
Published: February 2020

Background: Syncope is a common sign with an inpatient rate of up to 83%. Data on sex differences of patients with syncope in the emergency and hospitalization are scarce.
Aim: The present study aimed to verify sex differences regarding clinical profile, risk scores, causes of syncope and treatment modalities.
Study Design: This is a single center, prospective, observational study.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hospital das Clínicas, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil, between February 2015 and February 2017.
Methodology: We included 375 consecutive patients, 203 men and mean age of 52 years, hospitalized because of syncope. They underwent clinical evaluation, the laboratory tests, and the calculation of Martin, OESIL and EGSYS scores.
Results: 114 patients had chagasic cardiomyopathy. The causes of syncope due to arrhythmia were ventricular tachycardia in 127 patients (66.1% men), supraventricular in 117 (63.2% women) and bradyarrhythmias in 56 patients (66.1% men), p<0.0001. Odds ratio for ventricular tachycardia in chagasic patients was 8.78 (95% IC: 5.33-14.46). Heart disease was predominant among men (p=0.001), even among patients with Chagas' heart disease. Comparing male and female, median age was 57 versus 48 years (p=0.04) and ejection fraction was 53 versus 58% (p=0.03). Martin and OESIL scores were higher in males (p <0.0001). There was no difference in treatment. Applying the receiver operating characteristic curve for ventricular tachycardia, Martin score had the largest area under the curve (0.84), p <0.0001.
Conclusions: Men hospitalized for syncope were older, had more systolic ventricular dysfunction, and had higher Martin and OESIL scores. The main causes of syncope were ventricular tachycardia and bradyarrhythmias among men and supraventricular tachycardias among women.
Carbon Waste Powder Prepared from Carbon Rod Waste of Zinc-Carbon Batteries for Methyl Orange Adsorption
Authors: Rahmawati Fitria , Natalia Viona , Wijayanta Agung T. , Rondiyah Siti , Nakabayashi Koji , Miyawaki Jin 
Published: February 2020

A research on the preparation of Carbon Waste Powder, CWP, was conducted and made from carbon rod waste which was extracted from used zinc-carbon batteries. This research was an effort to overcome environmental problem caused by battery waste by converting into adsorbent for methyl orange (MO) that frequently used by textile industries. The prepared powder was then analyzed to understand its characteristic peaks, crystallinity, and to compare the properties with other carbonaceous forms, i.e. a commercial Carbon Paper (CP), and a commercial meso- carbon micro-beads (MCMB). The analysis found that CWP is dominated by graphitic carbon. An adsorption experiment was then conducted to study their adsorption ability to methyl orange solution. The result found that those three carbonaceous materials have the ability to adsorb methyl orange with different activities. MCMB has the highest adsorption capacity of 0.197 mg.g-1. Meanwhile, CWP and CP show adsorption capacity of 0.066 mg.g-1 and 0.062 mg.g-1, respectively. Methyl orange adsorption on CWP and CP were under second order, which means the adsorption could be four times faster as the MO solution doubled. Moreover, the rate constant of MO adsorption on CWP is 8×10-4 min-1, which was higher than the rate constant of MO adsorption on CP. It confirmed that the CWP can be used as a promising adsorbent for dye waste water. Copyright © 2020 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
Effect of Composition of Iron-Cobalt Oxide Catalyst and Process Parameters on The Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Sugarcane Bagasse
Authors: Govindasamy Gopalakrishnan , Sharma Rohit , Subramanian Sunu 
Published: February 2020

Development of catalyst with high deoxygenation activity and optimum process parameters are the key for getting the highest biooil yield with the least oxygen content by hydrothermal liquefaction. With this view, iron-cobalt oxides of Co/Fe ratio 0.33, 1.09, 2.35, and 3.52 were prepared by co-precipitation method, and characterized by XRD, BET surface area, chemical composition by EDX method, and evaluated for hydrothermal liquefaction of sugarcane bagasse in a high-pressure batch reactor under subcritical conditions using CO as process gas to find the optimum Co/Fe ratio and process parameters. Optimum Co/Fe ratio was found to be 1.09 as it gave the highest bio-oil yield of 57.6% with the least oxygen content of 10.8%, attributed to the cobalt ferrite, the major phase present in it. The optimum temperature, initial CO pressure, water/biomass ratio, catalyst/biomass ratio and reaction time for the highest oil yield with the least oxygen content were found to be 250 °C, 45 bar, 28, 0.4, and 120 min, respectively. From the effect of reaction time, it was found that much of the hydrolysis of lignocellulose to water soluble oxygenates, its deoxygenation to bio-oil and its deoxygenation to low oxygen containing bio-oil took place in initial 15 min, 15 to 60 min, and from 30 to 120 min, respectively. Total oil yield (%) was lower by 21% and % oxygen in total oil was higher by 9.9% for spent catalyst compared to fresh catalyst indicating the erosion in the deoxygenation activity of catalyst and thus need for improving its hydrothermal stability. Copyright © 2020 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
Hydrazine and Urea Fueled-Solution Combustion Method for Bi2O3 Synthesis: Characterization of Physicochemical Properties and Photocatalytic Activity
Authors: Astuti Yayuk , Elesta Prisca Putri , Widodo Didik Setyo , Widiyandari Hendri , Balgis Ratna 
Published: February 2020

Bismuth oxide synthesis using solution combustion method fuelled by hydrazine and urea has been conducted. This study aims to examine the effect of the applied fuels, urea and hydrazine, on product characteristics and photocatalytic activity in degrading rhodamine B dye. Bismuth oxide synthesis was initiated by dissolving bismuth nitrate pentahydrate (Bi(NO3)3.5H2O) in a nitric acid solvent. Fuel was added and then stirred. The solution formed was heated at 300 ºC for 8 hours. The product obtained was then calcined at 700 ºC for 4 hours. Bismuth oxide synthesized with urea (BO1) and hydrazine (BO2) as fuels both obtained form of yellow powder. The formation of bismuth oxide is indicated by the vibrations of the Bi–O–Bi and Bi–O groups and the crystal structure of a-Bi2O3 in both products. Photocatalytic activity test showed that BO1 has a photocatalyst activity in degrading rhodamine B higher than that of BO2 with constant values of 3.83×10-5 s-1 and 3.43×10-5 s-1, respectively. The high photocatalytic activity can be examined through several factors, such as: band gap values, crystal structure, morphology, and surface area, acquired as a result of the use of different fuels in the synthesis process. Copyright © 2020 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
Activity Evaluation of CoMo Nanoparticles Supported on Meso-microporous Composites in Dibenzothiophene Hydrodesulphurization
Authors: Parsafard Nastaran , Peyrovi Mohammad Hasan , Mohammadian Zahra , Atashi Niloofar 
Published: February 2020

CoMo-supported mesoporous catalysts were synthesized by 50 wt% of HZSM-5 and 50 wt% of FSM-16, KIT-6, and MCM-48. These catalysts were prepared by the wet-impregnation method and pre-sulfided with CS2. The catalytic performance was evaluated for HDS reaction of dibenzothiophene over a temperature range of 250-400 °C in a micro fixed-bed reactor under atmospheric pressure. The supported CoMo bimetallic catalysts were characterized by XRD, XRF, FT-IR, N2 adsorption-desorption, and SEM. The CoMo/KIT-6/HZSM-5 indicate higher activity than other catalysts at 400 °C for dibenzothiophene hydrodesulphurization. Also, the best selectivity to cyclohexylbenzene (CHB) is related to CoMo/FSM-16/HZSM-5. The activation energy was also calculated for all prepared catalysts for the conversions of less than 10%; according to which, the activation energy for CoMo/KIT-6/HZSM-5 is less than other catalysts (~21 kJ/mol) which can be related to the appropriate pore size and high surface area of the support. Copyright © 2020 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
ZnO-Porous Clay Heterostructure from Saponite as Green Catalyst for Citronellal Cyclization
Authors: Rubiyanto Dwiarso , Prakoso Nurcahyo Iman , Sahroni Imam , Nurillahi Rico , Fatimah Is 
Published: February 2020

Green conversion in organic synthesis is one of the interesting and important topics in green chemistry. The use of heterogeneous catalysis instead of homogeneous catalysis offers some advantages, such as easy separation and reusability. In this research, a heterogeneous acid catalyst was prepared from saponite by immobilizing ZnO in the form of a pillared clay (Zn/PILS) and Zn supported on porous clay heterostructure (Zn/PCH). Physicochemical studies involving X-ray diffraction measurement, surface analysis using a gas sorption analyzer, and surface acidity measurement were performed. Results indicated that the increasing surface acidity and the high specific surface area of the material were the relevant physicochemical properties that facilitate environment-friendly citronellal cyclization. The higher values for both parameters in Zn/PCH than in Zn/PILS linearly affected citronellal conversion and the selectivity for isopulegol production. Zn/PCH demonstrated a conversion rate of 98.9% for a 3-hour reaction and a selectivity of 100% for isopulegol production, and it exhibited reusability properties. Copyright © 2020 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
Synthesis of Nano-Flakes Ag•ZnO•Activated Carbon Composite from Rice Husk as A Photocatalyst under Solar Light
Authors: Vu Anh-Tuan , Tuyet Pham Thi Anh , Tran Thi Thuy , Nguyen Xuan Truong , Tran Thu Quynh , Tran Quang Tung , Nguyen Trong Nghia , Doan Tuan Van , Vi Thao Duong , Nguyen Cong Long , Nguyen Minh Viet , Lee Chang-Ha 
Published: February 2020

This study aimed to synthesize Ag•ZnO•Activated carbon (Ag•ZnO•AC ) composite from rice husk for degradation of dyes. The deposition of Ag and ZnO on AC led to decreasing the surface area and pore volume of Ag•ZnO•AC composite. In addition, when Ag and ZnO were dispersed on activated carbon, the Ag•ZnO flakes became denser and tighter, but the particle size of Ag became smaller from 5 to 7 nm. The photocatalytic ability of Ag•ZnO•AC composite was evaluated by degradation of Janus Green B (JGB) and compared with that of AC, ZnO, Ag•ZnO, and ZnO•AC samples. The effects of catalyst dosages, pH values, and initial dye concentrations on photocatalytic degradation were investigated in detail. The Ag•ZnO•AC composite had a high degradation efficiency of 100% in 60 min, showing the reaction rate of 0.120 min-1 and degradation capacity of 17.8 mg/g within 20 min. The photocatalytic performance of the Ag•ZnO•AC composite was also evaluated by cyclic test and the degradation of other persistent dyes such as Methylene Blue, Tartrazine, Congo Red, and organic compounds (Caffeine and Bisphenol A). Based on the experimental results, the possible destruction route of JGB by the as-synthesized Ag•ZnO•AC composite was suggested. Copyright © 2020 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).