bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Einkaufstraining für Jugendliche mit Adipositas
Authors: Radzuweit Tanja Maria , Brauchmann Jana 
Published: February 2020

ZusammenfassungWährend der letzten Jahrzehnte hat sich das Lebensmittelangebot deutlich verändert. Mehr industriell verarbeitete Lebensmittel sowie mehr exotische Nahrungsmittel machen es dem Konsumenten oft nicht leicht zu erkennen, was und in welcher Menge zu einer ausgewogenen Ernährung gehört. Hoch verarbeitete Lebensmittel sind kritisch zu betrachten, gerade in Hinblick auf versteckte Zucker und Fette. Eine ausgewogene Ernährung fängt somit bereits mit der Lebensmittelauswahl beim Einkauf an, der in erster Linie den Eltern obliegt. Dies hindert Jugendliche jedoch nicht daran, ihr Taschengeld nach der Schule in Fastfood, Snacks oder Süßigkeiten zu investieren. Bei einer Einkaufsrallye können Jugendliche spielerisch mit Gleichgesinnten lernen, worauf sie achten sollten, um eine bewusste Lebensmittelauswahl zu treffen. Im vorliegenden Artikel wird das Konzept eines Einkaufstrainings vorgestellt, das für Jugendliche mit Adipositas entwickelt wurde, und sowohl im ambulanten als auch im stationären Setting als Praxismodul eingesetzt werden kann
Potenzielle Stigmatisierung von Menschen mit Übergewicht durch Gesundheits-Apps aus dem Formenkreis ‚Adipositas‘
Authors: von Jan Ute , Jungnickel Tobias , Engeli Stefan , Albrecht Urs-Vito 
Published: February 2020

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Identifizierung von Stigmatisierung von Menschen mit Übergewicht und Adipositas durch Gesundheits-Apps anhand der verfügbaren Metadaten.
Methodik Apps aus dem Formenkreis ‚Adipositas‘ des deutschsprachigen Apple-App-Store-Angebots wurden standardisiert und stichwortbasiert mit der SARASA-Methode analysiert. Es folgte eine semiautomatische Analyse der Text- und Bildsprache auf Stigmatisierung nach zuvor festgelegten Kriterien. Die Darstellung der Ergebnisse erfolgte explorativ und rein deskriptiv.
Ergebnisse 390 von 9674 (4 %) Apps des deutschen App-Store-Angebots der Kategorien ‚Gesundheit und Fitness‘ und ‚Medizin‘ mit deutschsprachigen App-Beschreibungstexten wurden dem Formenkreis ‚Adipositas‘ zugeordnet. Bei 23 der 390 (5,9 %) fanden sich Hinweise auf Stigmatisierung von Menschen mit Adipositas, allerdings enthielt nur eine App (0,3 %) sowohl text- als auch bildsprachlich diskriminierende Elemente. Bei 13 Apps (3,3 %) konnten stigmatisierende Wortverwendungen in den App-Beschreibungstexten und bei neun Apps (2,3 %) eine diskriminierende Bildsprache in zur Verfügung gestellten Screenshots und Artwork unterstellt werden.
Schlussfolgerung Hinweise auf die Stigmatisierung von Menschen mit Übergewicht und Adipositas durch Gesundheits-Apps via Text- und Bildsprache konnten identifiziert werden. Die Aufklärung von App-Herstellern bezüglich nichtstigmatisierender Wort- und Bildsprache ist notwendig, um einer Diskriminierung vorzubeugen.
Update of Genetic and Molecular Causes of Adrenocortical Hyperplasias Causing Cushing Syndrome
Authors: Berthon Annabel , Bertherat Jérôme 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBilateral hyperplasias of the adrenal cortex are rare causes of chronic endogenous hypercortisolemia also called Cushing syndrome. These hyperplasias have been classified in two categories based on the adrenal nodule size: the micronodular types include Primary Pigmented Nodular Adrenocortical Disease (PPNAD) and isolated Micronodular Adrenal Disease (iMAD) and the macronodular also named Primary Bilateral Macronodular Adrenal Hyperplasia (PBMAH). This review discusses the genetic and molecular causes of these different forms of hyperplasia that involve mutations and dysregulation of various regulators of the cAMP/protein kinase A (PKA) pathway. PKA signaling is the main pathway controlling cortisol secretion in adrenocortical cells under ACTH stimulation. Although mutations of the regulatory subunit R1α of PKA (PRKAR1A) is the main cause of familial and sporadic PPNAD, inactivation of two cAMP-binding phosphodiesterases (PDE11A and PDE8B) are associated with iMAD even if they are also found in PPNAD and PBMAH cases. Interestingly, PBMAH that is observed in multiple familial syndrome such as APC, menin, fumarate hydratase genes, has initially been associated with the aberrant expression of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCR) leading to an activation of cAMP/PKA pathway. However, more recently, the discovery of germline mutations in Armadillo repeat containing protein 5 (ARMC5) gene in 25–50% of PBMAH patients highlights its importance in the development of PBMAH. The potential relationship between ARMC5 mutations and aberrant GPCR expression is discussed as well as the potential other causes of PBMAH.
Dosisempfehlungen für Analgetika, Antibiotika, Tuberkulostatika und Antikoagulantien bei Adipositas – eine Analyse von Fachinformationen in Deutschland
Authors: Kroll Claudia , Kromer Inga , Niemann Sofia , Engeli Stefan 
Published: February 2020

Zusammenfassung
Ziel Die Kinetik von Arzneimitteln kann bei Adipositas verändert sein, damit stellt sich die Frage nach erforderlichen Dosisanpassungen, zumindest bei PatientInnen mit stark ausgeprägter Adipositas.
Methodik Wir durchsuchten deutsche Fachinformationen von 37 Analgetika, 52 Antibiotika, neun Tuberkulostatika und 18 Antikoagulantien hinsichtlich relevanter Empfehlungen.
Ergebnisse Zur körpergewichtsbezogenen Berechnung der Einzeldosis soll bei Remifentanil das ideale Körpergewicht berücksichtigt werden. Bei Gentamicin, Amikacin und Tobramycin soll die Berechnung auf der Basis des geschätzten Normalgewichts plus 40 % des Übergewichts erfolgen. Für Vancomycin werden Adipositas-spezifische Dosisempfehlungen gegeben. Hier limitiert, wie bei manchen Heparinen, die vorgegebene Tageshöchstdosis die Dosisanpassung. Für einige niedermolekulare Heparine und Heparinoide werden pauschale Dosisempfehlungen für ein Körpergewicht > 90 kg oder größer gegeben. Bei Apixaban und Dabigatran scheint die Exposition von Patienten > 120 bzw. > 100 kg etwas erniedrigt zu sein, dies erfordert keine Anpassungen.
Schlussfolgerungen Selbst bei Arzneimitteln mit geringer therapeutischer Breite enthalten Fachinformationen selten spezifische Dosishinweise für PatientInnen mit Adipositas.
Effects of Ginkgo biloba on Diseases Related to Oxidative Stress
Authors: Achete de Souza Gabriela , de Marqui Sâmylla Vaz , Matias Júlia Novaes , Guiguer Elen Landgraf , Barbalho Sandra Maria 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Ginkgo biloba (GB) is one of the most widely used phytotherapeutic products in the world, and its extract has beneficial properties for the treatment of several pathologies, such as diabetic cardiomyopathy, neurodegenerative diseases, cataracts, hearing loss, myocardial lesion, hippocampus neuronal lesions, morphometry testicular changes, and liver damage. This review aims to investigate the effects of GB on diseases related to oxidative stress. Databases such as MEDLINE/PUBMED and EMBASE were consulted, and PRISMA guidelines were used to build the review. This plant has antioxidant properties since it regulates the expression of antioxidant enzymes positively and reduces reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, contributing to the reduction of lipid peroxidation. It also exhibits anti-inflammatory properties, inhibiting the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-α. In animal models, the use of GB can show positive effects on brain damage, neurodegenerative diseases, myocardial injury, and renal and liver damage. In humans, the positive effects were shown in diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and ischemic colitis. These effects are due to the presence of compounds such as bilobalide, isoramnetina, quercetin, kaempferol, and ginkgolides A, B, and C. For these reasons, GB can be a low-cost alternative to the therapeutic approach of several pathologies since it acts in the prevention, treatment, and inhibition of several complications of common comorbidities.
Generational Bargain, Transfer of Disadvantages and Extreme Poverty: A Qualitative Enquiry from Bangladesh
Authors: Akram Owasim , Maitrot Mathilde , Denk Thomas 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWhy do the poor stay poor? And, crucially, why are their children likely to be poor and end up poor later in life? This is a familiar question in the fields of development, social policy and economics alike. Bangladesh has seen notable successes in reducing poverty, and yet, addressing the transfer of deprivations and disadvantages within and between generations still poses a major challenge for policy-makers. To date, literature on inter-generational poverty remains dominated by large quantitative panel data. By contrast, this study draws on a unique qualitative dataset of 72 extreme poor households across Bangladesh, examining how inter- and intra-generational bargains generate extreme poverty. It is argued that, while poverty is transferred inter-generationally, it is not transferred equally. Rather, transferred disadvantages are shaped by persistent forms of deprivation, discrimination and a household-level political economy that is highly gendered. The inter-generational transfer of poverty should be seen as a dynamic and negotiated process that is crucially shaped by intra-generational bargains.
Extraction of Yttrium from Nd Hydroxide concentrate by using D2EHPA
Authors: Suyanti  , Amiliana R A 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Extraction of yttrium from Nd hydroxide concentrate by using Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) has been performed. Nd hidroxide concentrate (Nd(OH)3) is a product of rare earth hydroxide (REOH) pilot plant in the Center for Accelerator Science and Technology, BATAN Yogyakarta, which still contains other rare earth metal elements, such as yttrium (Y). In the extraction process, the aquatic phase is Nd(OH)3 concentrate containing yttrium in HNO3 and as extractant or organic phase is D2EHPA in kerosene. The parameters studied were the concentration of HNO3, the concentration of D2EHPA in kerosene, and stirring time. The result of the optimization process from the research get the following conclusions: the optimum concentration of HNO3 is 1 M, the concentration of D2EHPA in kerosene is 30%, and the optimum stirring time is 25 minutes. In this condition the Kd of Y = 0.979; extraction efficiency of Y = 93.28%; SF Y-Pr, Y-Nd, and Y-Sm are infinite with SF Y-Gd = 6.080 and SF Y-Dy = 1.395. The results of this study are expected to be used as feed on ion exchange columns to separation and purification of other LTJ elements.
Functional test of electron beam extraction for pulse electron irradiator
Authors: Aziz Ihwanul , Siswanto Bambang 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Function test of electron beam extraction for pulse electron. The functional test of pulse electron beam extraction has been performed. The purpose of the functional test is to know the magnitude of the current and the distribution of the extracted electron beam. The plasma current detection system consists of three Rogowski coils mounted on output cables of Ignitor Discharge Power Supply (IDPS), Arc Discharge Power Supply (ADPS) and Faraday Cup (FC), while the voltage and pulse width are observed using an Oscilloscope. From the measurement results obtained that the spot and plasma currents are 11,24 A and 119,65 A. At the extraction voltage of 3 kV obtained the maximum extraction current are 13,1 A and 6,7 A for the position of FC near the ignitor electrode and in the middle of the grid respectively. It can be concluded that the pulsed electron beam can be extracted by the distribution of the beam near the ignitor electrode higher than in the middle position of the grid.
Evaluation of customize syringe carriers box for transfering radionuclide iodine-131 in nuclear medicine
Authors: Praja Mukti Anggoro 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Iodine-131 transfer from radiopharmacy facility to nuclear medicine radioablation isolation room must be carried out by fulfilling the safety and radiation protection rules. One effort is to use a syringe carrier. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of a customize carrier syringe for the transfer of Iodine-131 in nuclear medicine. Descriptive study with cross sectional approach on the radiation level of a custom carrier box syringe both surface and 1 m distance. Radioactivity of Iodine-131 used is a multiple of 35 mCi (1,295 GBq) to the maximum radiation level limit. Radiation level measurements were performed on 6 carrier boxes. Radiation level of the ALT 01-03 boxes ⩽ 105 mCi, with Hmax = 0.002176 mSv/transfer, the maximum transfer frequency is 5 times/week, and the maximum capacity is 15 syringes/week. Whereas box AG 01-03 ⩽ 175 mCi with Hmax = 0.02397 mSv/transfer, the maximum transfer frequency is 4 times/week, and the maximum capacity is 20 syringes/week. The customize carrier were evaluated in good condition and can be used to transfer Iodine-131 by considering the maximum capacity of each box.
Neutronic analysis of DECY-13 cyclotron target system as a neutron source for SAMOP
Authors: Isdandy R F , Syarip  , Silakhuddin  , Kurnia W , Suharni  
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The Centre for Accelerator Science and Technology (PSTA) has developed a subcritical reactor for the molybdenum-99 (99Mo) production (SAMOP). This device requires an external neutron source. For experimental purposes, SAMOP is still driven by an external neutron source from a critical reactor, i.e. from the radial beam-port of the Kartini reactor. PSTA is also developing a 13 MeV cyclotron (DECY-13) for the production of fluorine-18 (18F) which can generate neutron as by-products. This cyclotron has an opportunity to be used as an external neutron source for the SAMOP. In this work, particle transport simulations have been carried out to determine the characteristics of the neutron produced by the DECY-13. The simulation results show that DECY-13 produces an average neutron flux of 2.6347 × 109 particles/cm2s and around 97% of them are the fast neutron. Based on the analysis, it concluded that the DECY 13 could be used as an external neutron source for the SAMOP by the addition of a neutron collimator.
Planning and concept of borehole disposal technology for disposal of disused sealed radiation sources from using in health and industry
Authors: Sucipta  , Pratama Hendra Adhi 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Disused sealed radiation sources (DSRS) that have been stored in the Interim Storage 1 and 2 (IS-1 and IS-2), and High Activity Waste Storage (PSLAT) mainly consist of Co-60, Cs-137and Ra-226. The DSRS is the most suitable to be disposed of in borehole disposal after conditioned and stored. The difficulties faced on storage and disposal are reasoned by long half-life, high gamma-photon radiation, not established disposal system, expensiveness of disposal facility, difficulties on the option to re-export of the DSRS and the activity exceed for near-surface disposal. For that reason, the disposal system for DSRS must be developed with the small scale national facility having some advances as well as costly cheaper, fulfill the safety standard, and could avoid the possibility of human intrusion. The answer to this problem is the borehole disposal concept. By using this concept can be hoped that the problems of DSRS disposal can be handled well, based on DSRS capsule packaged design, site characterization, borehole technology, repository facility, and safety assessment. The selection of borehole disposal technology for DSRS has been made. The selection was made descriptively, involve technological concept and site. One concept of the borehole has been obtained and recommended by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA,) applicable and suitable with the waste and site condition. The concept is Borehole Disposal with unsaturated, very low permeability and high sorption (e.g. clay) host-rock or environments.
Evaluation and assessment of 7 years of radioactivity monitoring data for Th232, Ra226, K40 on surface soil and the impact of the construction of mass rapid transit stations around pasar jumat nuclear area
Authors: Rixson Leons , Stefanus Megy , Fajar M 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Evaluation and assessment of 232Th, 226Ra, and 40K as natural radioactivity in surface soil in Pasar Jumat Nuclear Facility (PJNA) are important and are a routine activity to monitor the impact of human activities on changes in the level of natural radioactivity in soils. The monitoring data over 7 years period (2012 – 2018) was evaluated to show the time trends, the ratio concentration, and correlation between the outside of PJNA of natural radioactivity level on surface soils. The average radioactivity trend over 7 years monitoring of 232Th, 226Ra, and 40K concentration have varied data. While the mean ratio of 40K/232Th is range from 0.732 to 2.178. The average level of radioactivity concentration at surface soil during the pre-construction, construction, and operation of the MRT project for 232Th, 226Ra, and 40K are 23.34, 21.64, 21.56 bq/kg, then 19.30, 16.73, 18.93 bq/kg, and 27.47, 26.05, 22.26 bq/kg, respectively. The evaluation result state during the MRT project that only the concentration of 232Th on before construction period has a significantly different the mean. There was no influence of MRT construction on surface soil concentration.
Analysis of TRIGA 2000 Core Reshuffling Scenario Based on Fuels Burn up and Fuels Density
Authors: Nailatussaadah  , Basuki Prasetyo , Sudjatmi K 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Analysis of the TRIGA 2000 core reshuffling scenario based on fuel burn-up and fuel density has been done. One of the requirements of Bandung TRIGA 2000 Reactor reliability is the implementation of maintenance and surveillance activities with predetermined Operation and Limits Conditions (OLC) so that the safety parameters will be met. Core management is one of the maintenance activities carried out. Safety parameters that are required to be fulfilled in the core management include the shutdown margin and the power peaking factors. The scenario carried out in the core management in this analysis that was doing the core compaction by sorting the fuel position on the core based on the fuel burnup and the fuel density. Each core management method was carried out in 4 scenarios. The purpose of this analysis is of course to compare both methods and also to get the optimal scenario to be applied to the core of the existing Bandung TRIGA 2000 Reactor. From the eight proposed scenarios, obtained two scenarios that meet the requirements of shutdown margin and power peaking factor from the OLC, namely scenario 2 with the k-eff value obtained 1.01243, and scenario D with the k-eff value obtained 1.02031. Therefore, scenarios 2 and D will then be proposed as the existing Bandung TRIGA 2000 Reactor core configuration scenario.
Preliminary Study of Scandium-46 Labeled Composite (Hydroxyapatite-Chitosan-Collagen) Biodistribution in Rats Bone Implant Model
Authors: Kurniawan A , Febrian M B , Iswahyudi  , Daruwati I , Sugiharti R J , Setiadi Y , Darwis D , Abbas B , Lukitowati F , Warastuti Y 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Research related to bone fractures is currently focused on accelerating healing time with fewer complications. In some cases related to biological and mechanical factors that interfere with the healing process, it will take a longer time to heal. Hydroxyapatite (HA) is a promising material used as a scaffold for bone implants with various advantages. The in vivo biodistribution of Sc-46 labeled composite (HA-Chitosan-Collagen) remains unclear. In this research, Scandium-46 was prepared as a non-carrier free radioisotope solution by irradiating 100 mg Sc2O3 target in TRIGA 2000 Reactor Bandung. In vivo experiment was performed on Sprague Dawley rats weighing approximately 250 g. Rats bone implant model was divided into two groups with n = 3 per time point. The Sc-46 labeled composite (HA-Chitosan-Collagen) have implanted to rats femur 10 mg with radioactivity 10 μCi. Rats were euthanized using accepted protocol and all organs were counted for radioactivity using Wipe Test Counter with NaI(Tl) detector. The percent of radioactivity measured per gram of tissue weight (%ID/g). Biodistribution results showed that Sc-46 labeled composite (HA-Chitosan-Collagen) using the bone-implant method were significantly different compared with the normal bone for 1, 3, and 8 days of the time interval with p<0.05. These observations suggest that Composite (HA-Chitosan-Collagen) is available for bone implants and remains at the implant site until bone recovery.
An analysis of the dee voltage of DECY-13 cyclotron based on a simple model
Authors: Shali A H , Atmono T M , Saminto  
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The analytical solution of dee voltage of a cyclotron based on a simple model has been derived. This calculation is needed, since the measurement of dee voltage is difficult to do, because the introduction of measuring device will disturb the impedance of the system. Using such a model, the calculation of dee voltage can be done by solving two coupled and driven differential equations. The derivation is carried using Laplace transformation by neglecting the transient solution of the differential equations. The analytical solution is then compared with the solution obtained using the numerical method, specifically using the fourth order Runge-Kutta method to make sure that the solution is indeed correct. The result can therefore be used to estimate the dee voltage for a given set of parameters. In particular, it will be shown that it is possible to get a high value of dee voltage for a small driving voltage.
Synthesis and characterization of high chromium zirconiaoxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) steel
Authors: Silalahi M , Bandriyana B , Ahda S , Sugeng B , Dimyati A 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
High Chromium ODS ferritic steel dispersed by zirconia was synthesized by the Mechanical Alloying process for application as high-temperature nuclear reactor structure material. The zirconia was chosen as dispersoid to increase the oxidation resistance of the steel. The powders of Fe and Cr with composition of Fe-25 wt.% Cr and 0.5 wt.% Zr2O3 were processed by milling and isostatic compaction then continued with the sintering process for consolidation. The process of sintering was performed by the plasma-based heating using the new apparatus of APS (Arc Plasma Sintering). The sintering was processed with 40 A current and 22 minutes sintering time to result in the optimal Fe-Cr alloy formation. A microscopy technique with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were applied to analyze the mechanism of the alloying process. The Vickers hardness measurement and the oxidation test were carried out to evaluate the mechanical and high-temperature oxidation behavior. The alloying process was considered by the Fe-Cr interdiffusion with Cr the faster one. The distribution of zirconia observed by SEM-mapping showed the homogeneity distribution in the matrix of the alloy. The Vicker hardness of 142.8 VHN was believed caused by the oxide strengthen and fining the grain. The parabolic oxidation curve obtains from the MSB oxidation test showed good oxidation resistance caused by the formation of the protective layer of Fe2O3 and some metastable of ZrO.
Study using internet of things to control radiation level
Authors: Taufiq Agus , Zanuar Subur 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
This Study using Internet of Things to control Radiation Level has been motivated by Trend 4.0 and the nuclear disaster in Fukushima after the unfortunate earthquake and tsunami struck Japan. We want to help radiation protection officer to measure the levels of radiation of the affected zones without compromising the life of the workers. For this reason we have created data from a Temperature sensor is collected by an Arduino board and then transmitted to a smartphone via Bluetooth. The results of experiment the stuff can send measurement data to smartphone via Bluetooth at a range of 0-10 meters. By replacing temperature sensor with a Geiger counter kit we can get radiation control device via smartphone.