bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perancangan Media Visual Komik Fisika Pada Materi Pembelajaran Pelangi
Authors: Putri Yekezia Efatasari , Noviandini Diane , Sudarmi Marmi 
Published: September 2020

The purpose of this study was to make comics as a learning media which could emerge student’s interest in reading, especially for physics lesson and as a means of literacy. The method used was ADDIE (Analyze, Design, Development, Implement, and Evaluation). The phase of Analyze included the determination of the test subject, the software to be used, and the material reference. The stage of Design included the creation of scripts, test concepts, and form indicators. The development stage consists of making comics, testing media experts and concepts, and also doing repairs and printing. The phase of implementation consists of testing on test subjects, specifically 23 Junior High School students. The implementation of comic testing for Junior High School students used observation sheets of the data collection instruments filled by the observers; meanwhile, the test questions and questionnaires filled by the students. In the phase of Evaluation, the data obtained processed qualitatively and quantitatively. Through the tests given after the learning process, it found that 86.9% of the test subjects got a score of 75. There revealed that the comic titled RAINBOW succeeded in explaining the concept of the rainbow process. The results of the questionnaire found that 89.08% of all aspects of the comics' physical form were good and deserved to used as a learning media. Besides, the comic itself could be a means of literacy, and also the students became interested in learning physic. The results of assessment and observations by observers during the teaching and learning activities also stated that the students.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Fisika Berbasis Mobile Learning Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Peserta Didik
Authors: Ngurahrai Aisyiyah Hidayah , Fatmaryanti Siska Desy , Nurhidayati Nurhidayati 
Published: September 2020

Research on the development of mobile-based learning media has been conducted to determine its feasibility, the affect on the improvement of students' critical thinking skill, and effectiveness of the media used in leraning. The type of this research is the development that refers to the ADDIE development model, namely: Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. This research was conducted in SMA Negeri 5 Purworejo with the subjects of the trial amounting to 29 students. The instruments used in this study are: validation sheets, learners' responses, learning outcome tests, and learning implementation sheets. Based on the research data obtained from the validation of mobile-based media for learning from four validators namely: three expert lecturers and physics teachers had an overall score 3.56, included in the good category and feasible to use in learning. The improvement of critical thinking skills in the implementation phase obtained N-gain 0.61 and included the medium increase category. The effectiveness of the media used in the assessment learning with learners’ responses received an overall contribution of 84% and included good categories, and was shown by the learning implementation sheet with an overall contribution of 95.8% and included in the excellent category. Thus the development of mobile-based learning media in this study is categorized as good and suitable to use as learning media, and also could help to improve students' critical thinking skills.
Galaxy Zoo Builder: Four-component Photometric Decomposition of Spiral Galaxies Guided by Citizen Science
Authors: Lingard Timothy K. , Masters Karen L. , Krawczyk Coleman , Lintott Chris , Kruk Sandor , Simmons Brooke , Simpson Robert , Bamford Steven , Nichol Robert C. , Baeten Elisabeth 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Multicomponent modeling of galaxies is a valuable tool in the effort to quantitatively understand galaxy evolution, yet the use of the technique is plagued by issues of convergence, model selection, and parameter degeneracies. These issues limit its application over large samples to the simplest models, with complex models being applied only to very small samples. We attempt to resolve this dilemma of “quantity or quality” by developing a novel framework, built inside the Zooniverse citizen-science platform, to enable the crowdsourcing of model creation for Sloan Digital Sky Survey galaxies. We have applied the method, including a final algorithmic optimization step, on a test sample of 198 galaxies, and examine the robustness of this new method. We also compare it to automated fitting pipelines, demonstrating that it is possible to consistently recover accurate models that either show good agreement with, or improve on, prior work. We conclude that citizen science is a promising technique for modeling images of complex galaxies, and release our catalog of models.
The Radio/X-Ray Burst from SGR 1935+2154: Radiation Mechanisms and the Possible QPOs
Authors: Wang 王界 Jie-Shuang 双 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Recently, a fast radio burst (FRB)-like event was found to be associated with a Galactic magnetar, SGR 1935+2154, accompanied by an X-ray burst. We find this radio burst challenges the typical emission mechanisms involving magnetars, which includes coherent curvature radiation from charged bunches, fast magnetosonic (FMS) waves, synchrotron maser from shocks, and the pulsar-like mechanism for low-twist magnetars. More specifically, we find that (1) the X-rays are most likely to be produced inside the magnetosphere. (2) For the coherent curvature radiation from the decay of the Alfvén wave, it will generally predict a duration (≲0.1 ms) smaller than observations, because of the strong twists of magnetic field lines and the internal damping of Alfvén waves. (3) The FMS wave model predicts a very low emission frequency ν
p ∼ 0.03 MHz ≪ GHz, unless it is produced inside the magnetosphere. But the absorption effect of the magnetospheric FMS wave model remains to be studied. (4) The synchrotron maser model is challenged because observations show that the peaks in both X-ray and radio light curves are with the same temporal separation Δt
FRB = Δt

γ
≈ 0.03 s, while it would predict Δt
FRB ≪ Δt

γ
. (5) It seems to be difficult to directly apply the low-twist pulsar-like mechanism to flaring magnetars, as magnetar activity can significantly deform the magnetosphere. (6) We suggested four possibilities to study the general properties of FRBs for future observations, especially the possibility of identifying quasi-periodic oscillations with period ∼1–10 ms in double/multiple-peaked FRBs.
Tracing the Assembly of the Milky Way’s Disk through Abundance Clustering
Authors: Ratcliffe Bridget L. , Ness Melissa K. , Johnston Kathryn V. , Sen Bodhisattva 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
A major goal in the field of galaxy formation is to understand the formation of the Milky Way’s disk. The first step toward doing this is to empirically describe its present state. We use the new high-dimensional data set of 19 abundances from 27,135 red clump Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment stars to examine the distribution of clusters defined using abundances. We explore different dimension reduction techniques and implement a nonparametric agglomerate hierarchical clustering method. We see that groups defined using abundances are spatially separated, as a function of age. Furthermore, the abundance groups represent different distributions in the [Fe/H]–age plane. Ordering our clusters by age reveals patterns suggestive of the sequence of chemical enrichment in the disk over time. Our results indicate that a promising avenue to trace the details of the disk’s assembly is via a full interpretation of the empirical connections we report.
13 yr of P Cygni Spectropolarimetry: Investigating Mass Loss through Hα, Periodicity, and Ellipticity
Authors: Gootkin Keyan , Dorn-Wallenstein Trevor , Lomax Jamie R. , Eadie Gwendolyn , Levesque Emily M. , Babler Brian , Hoffman Jennifer L. , Meade Marilyn R. , Nordsieck Kenneth , Wisniewski John P. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We report on over 13 yr of optical and near-ultraviolet spectropolarimetric observations of the famous luminous blue variable (LBV) P Cygni. In the lives of the most massive stars, LBVs are a critical transitional phase and achieve the largest mass-loss rates of any group of stars. Using spectropolarimetry, we are able to learn about the geometry of the near-circumstellar environment surrounding P Cygni and gain insights into LBV mass loss. Using data from the HPOL and WUPPE spectropolarimeters, we estimate the interstellar polarization contribution to P Cygni’s spectropolarimetric signal, analyze the variability of the polarization across the Hα emission line, search for periodic signals in the data, and introduce a statistical method to search for preferred position angles in deviations from spherical symmetry that is novel to astronomy. Our data are consistent with previous findings, showing free electron scattering off of clumps uniformly distributed around the star. This is complicated, however, by structure in the percent polarization of the Hα line and a series of previously undetected periodicities.
Entrevista com Pablo José Montoya
Authors: Cuartas Pablo , Jiménez Iván , Bogoya Camilo 
Published: September 2020

Pablo José Montoya es Primer Premio del Concurso Nacional de Cuento “Germán Vargas” (1993). En 1999 el Centro Nacional del Libro de Francia le otorgó una beca para escritores extranjeros por su libro Viajeros. El libro Habitantes ganó en el 2000 el premio Autores Antioqueños. Réquiem por un fantasma fue premiado por la Alcaldía de Medellín en el 2015 y el mismo año obtuvo el Premio Rómulo Gallegos con su novela "Tríptico de la Infamia". Ha participado en diferentes antologías de cuento y poesía colombiana y latinoamericana. Realizó estudios de música en la Escuela Superior de música de Tunja. Hizo la licenciatura en filosofía y letras en la Universidad Santo Tomás de Aquino en Bogotá. Igualmente, obtuvo la maestría y el doctorado en Estudios Hispánicos y Latinoamericanos en la Universidad de la Sorbonne Nouvelle (París III). Sus traducciones de escritores franceses y africanos, sus ensayos sobre música, literatura y pintura, han sido publicados en diferentes revistas y periódicos de América Latina y Europa. Actualmente es profesor de literatura en la Universidad de Antioquia. Es escritor asociado de la Red Nacional de Talleres de Literatura (Renata) del Ministerio de Cultura de Colombia. Ha publicado los siguientes libros:En cuento: Cuentos de Niquía (Vericuetos, París, 1996), La sinfónica y otros cuentos musicales (El propio bolsillo, Medellín, 1997), Habitantes (Indigo, París, 1999), Razia (Eafit, Medellín, 2001), Réquiem por un fantasma (Hombre Nuevo Editores, Medellín, 2006), El beso de la noche (Panamericana, Bogotá, 2010) y Adiós a los próceres (Random House-Mondadori, Bogotá, 2010).En poesía: Viajeros (Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín 1999, Tragaluz Editores, Medellín, 2011), Cuaderno de París (Eafit, Medellín, 2006), Trazos (Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, 2007) y Solo una luz de agua : Francisco de Asís y Giotto (Tragaluz Editores, Medellín, 2009).En ensayo: Música de pájaros (Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, 2005), Novela histórica en Colombia 1988-2008: entre la pompa y el fracaso (Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, 2009), Un Robinson cercano, diez ensayos sobre literatura francesa del siglo XX (Eafit, Medellín, 2013) y La música en la obra de Alejo Carpentier (La carreta Editores, Medellín, 2013).En novela: La sed del ojo (Eafit, Medellín, 2004), Lejos de Roma (Alfaguara, Bogotá, 2008) y Los derrotados (Sílaba Editores, Medellín, 2012).
Human hair in contemporary art: conservation issues and solutions
Authors: Pirotte Amélie 
Published: September 2020

L'étude explore l'utilisation de cheveux humains dans l'art contemporain à travers des oeuvres d'art de l'artiste belge Hélène de Gottal. Elle emploie la technique traditionnelle utilisée par les dentellières, ainsi que des fixatifs de cheveux, pour créer des masques utilisant son visage comme modèle. Les cheveux humains sont une matière organique fragile qui est sensible à la lumière, la température et l'humidité relative.
Revisiting the Pig IGHC Gene Locus in Different Breeds Uncovers Nine Distinct IGHG Genes
Authors: Zhang Ming , Li Zhenrong , Li Jingying , Huang Tian , Peng Gaochuang , Tang Wenda , Yi Guoqiang , Zhang Lifan , Song Yu , Liu Tianran , Hu Xiaoxiang , Ren Liming , Liu Honglin , Butler John E. , Han Haitang , Zhao Yaofeng 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
IgG subclass diversification is common in placental mammals. It has been well documented in humans and mice that different IgG subclasses, with diversified functions, synergistically regulate humoral immunity. However, our knowledge on the genomic and functional diversification of IgG subclasses in the pig, a mammalian species with high agricultural and biomedical importance, is incomplete. Using bacterial artificial chromosome sequencing and newly assembled genomes generated by the PacBio sequencing approach, we characterized and mapped the IgH C region gene locus in three indigenous Chinese breeds (Erhualian, Xiang, and Luchuan) and compared them to that of Duroc. Our data revealed that IGHG genes in Chinese pigs differ from the Duroc, whereas the IGHM, IGHD, IGHA, and IGHE genes were all single copy and highly conserved in the pig breeds examined. Most striking were differences in numbers of IGHG genes: there are seven genes in Erhualian pigs, six in the Duroc, but only five in Xiang pigs. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that all reported porcine IGHG genes could be classified into nine subclasses: IGHG1, IGHG2a, IGHG2b, IGHG2c, IGHG3, IGHG4, IGHG5a, IGHG5b, and IGHG5c. Using sequence information, we developed a mouse mAb specific for IgG3. This study offers a starting point to investigate the structure-function relationship of IgG subclasses in pigs.
Small-Molecule Inhibitor of 8-Oxoguanine DNA Glycosylase 1 Regulates Inflammatory Responses duringPseudomonas aeruginosaInfection
Authors: Qin Shugang , Lin Ping , Wu Qun , Pu Qinqin , Zhou Chuanmin , Wang Biao , Gao Pan , Wang Zhihan , Gao Ashley , Overby Madison , Yang Jinliang , Jiang Jianxin , Wilson David L. , Tahara Yu-ki , Kool Eric T. , Xia Zhenwei , Wu Min 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe DNA repair enzyme 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1 (OGG1), which excises 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine lesions induced in DNA by reactive oxygen species, has been linked to the pathogenesis of lung diseases associated with bacterial infections. A recently developed small molecule, SU0268, has demonstrated selective inhibition of OGG1 activity; however, its role in attenuating inflammatory responses has not been tested. In this study, we report that SU0268 has a favorable effect on bacterial infection both in mouse alveolar macrophages (MH-S cells) and in C57BL/6 wild-type mice by suppressing inflammatory responses, particularly promoting type I IFN responses. SU0268 inhibited proinflammatory responses during Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA14) infection, which is mediated by the KRAS–ERK1–NF-κB signaling pathway. Furthermore, SU0268 induces the release of type I IFN by the mitochondrial DNA–cGAS–STING–IRF3–IFN-β axis, which decreases bacterial loads and halts disease progression. Collectively, our results demonstrate that the small-molecule inhibitor of OGG1 (SU0268) can attenuate excessive inflammation and improve mouse survival rates during PA14 infection. This strong anti-inflammatory feature may render the inhibitor as an alternative treatment for controlling severe inflammatory responses to bacterial infection.
Influenza Vaccine–Induced CD4 Effectors Require Antigen Recognition at an Effector Checkpoint to Generate CD4 Lung Memory and Antibody Production
Authors: Xia Jingya , Kuang Yi , Liang Jialing , Jones Michael , Swain Susan L. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Previously, we discovered that influenza-generated CD4 effectors must recognize cognate Ag at a defined effector checkpoint to become memory cells. Ag recognition was also required for efficient protection against lethal influenza infection. To extend these findings, we investigated if vaccine-generated effectors would have the same requirement. We compared live infection with influenza to an inactivated whole influenza vaccine. Live infection provided strong, long-lasting Ag presentation that persisted through the effector phase. It stimulated effector generation, long-lived CD4 memory generation, and robust generation of Ab-producing B cells. In contrast, immunization with an inactivated virus vaccine, even when enhanced by additional Ag-pulsed APC, presented Ag for 3 d or less and generated few CD4 memory cells or long-lived Ab-producing B cells. To test if checkpoint Ag addition would enhance this vaccine response, we immunized mice with inactivated vaccine and injected Ag-pulsed activated APC at the predicted effector checkpoint to provide Ag presentation to the effector CD4 T cells. This enhanced generation of CD4 memory, especially tissue-resident memory in the lung, long-lived bone marrow Ab-secreting cells, and influenza-specific IgG Ab. All responses increased as we increased the density of peptide Ag on the APC to high levels. This suggests that CD4 effectors induced by inactivated vaccine require high levels of cognate Ag recognition at the effector checkpoint to most efficiently become memory cells. Thus, we suggest that nonlive vaccines will need to provide high levels of Ag recognition throughout the effector checkpoint to optimize CD4 memory generation.
Prevalence of <i>Salmonella</i> organisms in fresh and smoke-dried fish within parts of Kaduna metropolis, Kaduna State, Nigeria
Authors: Esonu D.O. , Maikai B.V. , Oghumu A.J. 
Published: September 2020

Aquatic environments are the major reservoirs of Salmonella and fishery products have been recognized as major carrier of food-borne pathogens. To determine the prevalence of Salmonella in fish, 112 fresh and smoke-dried fish samples were pre-enriched and enriched with buffered peptone water and selenite broth respectively, before plating on Desoxycholate Citrate Agar. Of the 112 samples, 75% (84/112) were contaminated with non-lactose fermenters. Upon subjecting them to biochemical tests, 13.1% (11/84) of the Salmonella suspects showed reactions consistent with that of Salmonella species, Proteus 65.5% (55/84) and Citrobacter 21.4% (18/84) species. The total prevalence of Salmonella out of the 112 fish sampled was 9.8% (11/112). Salmonella species was slightly higher in the fiber tank farm 12.9% (95% CI: 5.134-28.852) than in the earthen pond 12.1% (95% CI: 4.816-27.326) but this association was not significant (Fishers exact test=1.0). Prevalence was higher in fresh fish 12.5% (95% CI: 6.472-22.775) compared to smoke-dried fish 6.25% (95% CI: 2.148-16.835), though this association was not statistically significant (Fishers exact test= 0.347). Among the dried fish, the prevalence was higher 9.5% (95% CI: 0.017-0.289) in the weight range 30-49.9g compared to the smallest weight range of 10-29.9g with prevalence of 4.0% (95% CI: 0.002-0.195). For the fresh fish, the prevalence was higher 14.04% (95% CI: 7.287-25.324) in shorter length fish of 20-39cm than the lengthier ones of 40-49cm with 0.0% (95% CI: 0.000-35.433) prevalence. This study has demonstrated the presence of Salmonella species in fresh and smoke-dried fish in parts of Kaduna metropolis, Kaduna State, Nigeria. This is of public health significance and poses a potential risk especially among immunocompromised consumers.
Keywords: Biochemical test, Earthen pond, Fresh fish, Fiber tank, Prevalence, Salmonella, Smoke-dried fish
Health hazards of abattoir effluents discharged from the Sokoto central abattoir, Nigeria
Authors: Garba B. , Salihu M.D. , Saidu B. , Rambo U.G. 
Published: September 2020

This study was undertaken to determine the level of water pollution that can be attributed to effluents discharged from the Sokoto Central abattoir. Both surface and well water samples from the abattoir and adjacent wells were investigated to determine their microbial and physicochemical properties. Samples were collected from five different spots that include; effluents from the abattoir where visceral organs are washed (sample point A), two wells located in the adjacent livestock market (sample point B and C), drainage outside the abattoir (sample point D) and another well downstream the abattoir used for irrigation farming (sample point E). The values for pH, were 7.2, 8.0, 7.5 and 6.8 for all the sampling sites respectively. Similarly, the values of nitrate and BOD recorded were all within the acceptable limit except for point A which had nitrate (60.0 mgl-1) and BOD (26.8 mgl-1) above the acceptable limit. While the total coliforms, for sampling point A and D were found to be very high. There was a significant difference in the quality of water from the studied samples in comparison with the acceptable standard especially with respect to total coliform, BOD, COD, and nitrates. The findings from this study indicate that abattoirs have the potential to contaminate and pollute water sources which may produce a detrimental effect on the quality of groundwater despite the sieving process. Hence, measures should be taken to prevent locating abattoirs in close proximity to human dwellings. Similarly, for the existing ones encroached by human habitation, effective pollution control measures such as treatment of hazardous waste and minimizing the use of chemicals for industrial and agricultural purposes should be taken in order to preserve the quality of groundwater and minimize the potential resultant health effect caused by such contaminants.
Keywords: Abattoir effluents, Health hazards, Sokoto State, Water quality, Waste water
The veterinary perspective of COVID-19
Authors: Lawal N. , Onoja A.B. 
Published: September 2020

Coronaviridae is a family of RNA viruses responsible for two previous epidemics of viral pneumonia and related illnesses: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome in 2002 and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome in 2012. The current COVID-19 pandemic is caused by a new member of the family Coronaviridae, named SARS-CoV-2 which emerged in December, 2019 in Wuhan, China. Infected persons present with severe respiratory illness including pneumonia. There have been reports of confirmed cases in different animal species that became infected with SARS-CoV-2, suggesting possible reverse zoonosis. In this review, we discussed the origin, biology, genome organization, replication and virus entry into host cells, immune mechanisms, epidemiological trends, prevention and control strategies employed in combating the threat posed by the COVID-19 pandemic.
Keywords: COVID-19, Epidemiological trend, Pandemic, SARS-CoV-2