bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical Value of Patlak Ki Images Extracted From Dynamic 18F-FDG PET/CT For Evaluation of The Relationships Between Disease Activity and Clinical Events in Cardiac Sarcoidosis
Authors: Nakajo Masatoyo , Ojima Satoko , Kawakami Hirofumi , Tani Atsushi , Hirayama Akira , Jinguji Megumi , Kubozono Takuro , Ohishi Mitsuru , Yoshiura Takashi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) has a poor prognosis because of frequent complication of atrioventricular block, ventricular tachycardia and congestive heart failure. Qualitative or quantitative 18F-FDG PET/CT has been used for diagnosing or assessing the disease activity of CS. However, the association between 18F-FDG myocardial uptake and clinical presentations in CS has not yet been clarified, and it is unknown if Patlak Ki images (Ki images) extracted from dynamic 18F-FDG-PET/CT are useful for evaluating the disease activity or clinical events in CS patients. In this context, this study was performed to investigate the usefulness of SUV and Patlak Ki images extracted from dynamic 18F-FDG-PET/CT for evaluating the risk of severe clinical events (SCEs) in CS. Methods: The SUV and Ki myocardial images were generated from 30 dynamic 18F-FDG-PET/CT scans of 21 CS patients including those with cardiac dysfunction and arrhythmic events. SUV parameters and Ki parameters (Ki max, Ki mean, Ki volume) were measured for positive myocardial lesions. The Mann–Whitney U-test or Fisher’s exact test was used appropriately to assess differences between quantitative variables or compare categorical data. The association between each quantitative parameter and presence of SCEs was analyzed by logistic regression analysis.Results: The SUV and Ki mages both were rated as positive in 19 scans and negative in 11 scans with the same incidence of SCEs which were significantly higher in positive than negative scans [cardiac dysfunction: 78.9% (15/19) vs. 27.2% (3/11), p=0.009; arrhythmic events: 65.5% (10/19) vs. 0% (0/11), p=0.004]. In 19 positive scans, neither SUV nor Ki parameters were significantly different between scans of patients with cardiac dysfunction (n=15) and those without (n=4) (p>0.05, each), whereas the three Ki parameters were significantly higher in scans for patients with arrhythmic events (n=10) than in those without (n=9) (p<0.05, each). Logistic regression analysis showed that the Ki volume alone was significantly associated with the risk of arrhythmic events (Odds ratio: 1.11, p=0.047).Conclusion: Patlak Ki images may add value to SUV images for evaluating the risk of SCEs in CS patients.
Prevalence of HPV Infection in Head and Neck Cancer Patients in Egypt: National Cancer Institute Experience.
Authors: Salem Doaa A. , Bahaa Sherif , Rouby Mahmoud N. El , Osman Yehia A. , Bahnassy Abeer A , Zekri Abdel-Rahman 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: The new classification of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) according to their association with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection into HPV positive tumors with good prognosis and HPV negative tumors with poor prognosis has changed the treatment strategy of HNSCCs dramatically worldwide. However, data concerning HPV infection in HNSCCs patients is still limited and there are no studies regarding HPV genotypes in HNSCC among Egyptians. Therefore, the aim of the current study is to investigate the frequency of HPV and to detect the most prevalent HPV genotypes in the patients with oral cavity and oropharyngeal carcinoma from EgyptMethods: This cross sectional study was conducted from January 2016 to November 2017. Ninety-two oral brushing samples (76 oral cavity and 16 oropharynx) were collected by cytobrushing in CYTO-fast solution. HPV-DNA was subjected to two methods which are the: (1) HPV Direct Flow CHIP system for automatic detection and genotyping (2) conventional PCR for detection of HPV using consensus primers (MYO9/MYO11). SPSS software was used for statistical analysis.Results: Out of the 92 cases assessed, HPV DNA was present in three samples only (3/92; 3.3%) and the HPV66 genotype was the only genotype detected by HPV Direct Flow CHIP System.Conclusion: The Results of this study may (1) indicate that the HPV-associated HNSCC among Egyptian patients is very low and (2) highlight the presence of HPV66 genotype in these malignancies. Other studies from other countries in general and from different governorates in Egypt are still needed to determine the exact frequency of HPV infections in head and neck cancer.
Mechanical Thrombectomy of Large Vessel Occlusions in COVID-19 Related Stroke: Endovascular and Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Al-Smadi Anas S. , Abrol Srishti , Luqman Ali , Chamiraju Parthasarathi , Abujudeh Hani 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background and PurposeStroke is a drastic complication and a poor prognostic marker of COVID-19 disease which emphasizes the importance of early identification and management of this complication. In this case series, we describe our experience of mechanical thrombectomy of large vessel occlusions (LVO) in patients with COVID-19.MethodsWe performed a retrospective study of a series of confirmed COVID-19 patients who underwent endovascular thrombectomy for acute cerebrovascular ischemic disease with large vessel occlusion. Patient demographics, presentations, lab values, angiographic and clinical outcomes were also reviewed.ResultsThree COVID-19 patients with large vessel occlusion who underwent endovascular thrombectomy were identified in our multi-center institution. Two patients had respiratory symptoms prior presentation and one patient presented initially with clinical deficits. Two patients had anterior circulation occlusion in the middle cerebral artery territory vs one had posterior circulation occlusion in the basilar artery. There was good angiographic outcome post thrombectomy in all patients, however poor clinical outcomes noted with no significant improvement in neurological manifestations in comparison with baseline at presentation. All patients developed critically severe symptoms during hospitalization requiring intubation and one patient died of COVID-19 related respiratory failure.ConclusionIn this small case series, we noted worse clinical outcomes in COVID-19 related LVO stroke despite effective thrombectomy, which may be related to the underlying COVID-19 disease and/or the nature of clot in these patients.
Comparative Cost Analysis of Using Pedi-packs and Adult Red Cell Packs in Newborn Intensive Care Units in Southern Iran
Authors: Haghpanah Sezaneh , Miladi Shima , Zamani Ali , Abadi Ali Mohammad Keshtvarz Hesam , Gholami Marjan , gholami maryam 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background and objective:In most developing countries, blood transfusions are routinely administered by adult red blood cells (RBCs) packs in infants leading to wastage of a large amount of blood supplies as well as having high donor exposure risk. We aimed to compare the cost-effectiveness of hypothetical pediatric pack compared to adult RBCs pack in neonates.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, all transfused neonates (n = 70) who were admitted to the newborn intensive care unit (NICU) of Nemazee Hospital, a tertiary referral hospital in Shiraz, Southern Iran, were evaluated between March and June, 2019. Based on the blood bank information during the study period and transfusion indices, a specific pediatric pack was suggested and cost-effectiveness of new and traditional transfusion methods was compared.Results: Considering the mean number of transfusions per neonate: 3.57 and mean volume of transfused packed red cells: 20 ml per transfusion during the study period; a quadruple pediatric pack (240 ml divided in 4 sub-packs) was purposed and cost-analysis of pediatric and adult pack was performed. Mathematically, we proved higher cost-effectiveness in using pediatric versus adult pack. Additionally, using pediatric packs leads to 13.74% reduction in RBCs wastage per transfusion and 68.13% reduction in donor exposure rate.Conclusions: Assignment of dedicated pediatric pack for infants will be able to substantially reduce donor exposure risk as well as wasted resources leading to higher cost effectiveness. This finding should be taken into consideration especially in developing countries in order to promote both economic situation and child health status.
Temporal Hemiarthroplasty for Distal Femoral Osteosarcoma in Early Childhood: A Case Report
Authors: Imanishi Jungo , Tanabe Masayuki , Kurihara Taisei , Torigoe Tomoaki , Kikkawa Jun , Ota Atsuhiko , Watanabe Atsuko , Tanaka Ryuhei , Saita Kazuo , Kadono Yuho , Yazawa Yasuo 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Prosthetic reconstruction for distal femoral osteosarcoma is challenging for younger children. We herein report a successful case of limb-sparing surgery for a younger patient with distal femoral osteosarcoma requiring osteo-articular resection. Case Presentation: A 5-year-old girl with high-grade conventional osteosarcoma in the left distal femurunderwent a series of surgeries. After three cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, limb salvage surgery was planned because femoral rotationplasty had been refused. At 6 years and 2 months old, distal femoral resection and temporary spacer insertion using a 7-mm-diameter intramedullary nail and molded polymethylmethacrylate was performed. At 7 years and 8 months old, secondary surgery was performed because the first spacer had been dislocated and the residual femur became atrophic. The distal end of the residual femur was removed by 1 cm, but the periosteum and induced membrane around polymethylmethacrylate was preserved. In order to stabilize the spacer against the tibia, a custom-made ceramic spacer with a smooth straight 8-mm-diameter stem was utilized. The bone-spacer junction was fixed with polymethylmethacrylate, and then covered with the preserved periosteum and induced membrane. After surgery, the bone atrophy improved. At 9 years and 7 months old, the second spacer was removed because it had loosened, and the knee joint was reconstructed using a custom-made growing femoral prosthesis with a curved porous 8.5-mm-diameter stem. Cancellous bone tips from the proximal tibia were grafted around the bone-prosthesis junction underneath the induced membrane. At 10 years and 5 months old, the patient was able to walk unsupported and a radiograph showed further thickening of the cortex of the residual femur without any stress shielding. Although having 5 cm of limb length discrepancy, the patient and her mother were satisfied with the function. The MSTS score was 24 out of 30 points. Repeated limb length extensions are planned.Conclusions: This case report provides an example of limb salvage surgery after distal femoral resection in a small child. The use of a temporary spacer utilizing partial cementation and preservation of the periosteum and induced membrane appears to afford a viable limb-salvage option after distal femoral resection for younger children.
Clinical Results Of A Lamina With Spinous Process And An Iliac Graft As Bone Grafts In The Surgical Treatment Of Single-Segment Lumbar Pyogenic Discitis: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Zhong Weiyang , Liang Xinjie , Wang Xiaolin , Tang Ke , Huang Tianji , Luo Xiaoji , Quan Zhengxue , Jiang Dianming 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: A retrospective study investigated and compared the results of a lamina withspinous process (LSP) and an iliac graft (IG) as bone grafts in single-segment lumbar pyogenic discitis (LPD) through one-stage-posterior-only approach with radical debridement and internal instrumentation.Methods: Data from 37 patients were reviewed. A LSP was placed in 17 patients (group A), and an IG was implemented in 20 patients (group B). The surgery time, surgery hemorrhage, hospital stay, drainage, and follow-up (FU) were reviewed. The visual analogue scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP) level, segmental angle, intervertebral height and bony fusion time were compared preoperatively and at the final FU.Results: All patients were followed-up for a mean of 27.94±2.35 months in group A and 30.29±1.89 months in group B, without a difference. The mean age was younger in group A than in group B (P<0.05). The surgery time, surgery hemorrhage, and hospitalization cost were lower in group A than in group B (P<0.05), except for the hospital stay and drainage time. Fever occurred in 10 patients in group A and 12 patients in group B. The ESR, CRP level, and VAS and ODI scores were significantly decreased, and there were no significant differences between the groups at the final FU. The distribution of bacterial agents in blood culture was 1 case of Aerobacter cloacae, 2 of Staphylococcus aureus, 2 of Escherichia coli, and 1 of Streptococcus viridis in group A and 1 of S. aureus，1 of Staphylococcus warneri and 2 of Klebsiella pneumoniae in group B. Pyogenic infection was observed in the pathological findings of all patients. No significant difference was found in the mean segmental angle or mean intervertebral height preoperation and at the final FU between the groups.Conclusion: The use of LSP as a new bone graft is reliable, safe, and effective for surgical management for the LPD while surgery is proposed as a good management strategy for LPD in carefully selected patients.
Covid-19 Pandemic: ARIMA and Regression Model based Worldwide Death Cases Predictions
Authors: Chaurasia Vikas , Pal Saurabh 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Covid-19 has now taken a frightening form. As the day passes, it is becoming more and more widespread and now it has become an epidemic. The death rate, which was earlier in the hundreds, changed to thousands and then progressed to millions respectively. If the same situation persists over time, the day is not far when the humanity of all the countries on the globe will be endangered and we yearn for breath. From January 2020 till now, many scientists, researchers and doctors are also trying to solve this complex problem so that proper arrangements can be made by the governments in the hospitals and the death rate can be reduced. The presented research article shows the estimated mortality rate by the ARIMA model and the Regression model. This dataset has been collected precisely from DataHub-Novel Coronavirus 2019 - Dataset from 22nd January to 29th June 2020. In order to show the current mortality rate of the entire subject, the correlation coefficients of attributes (MAE, MSE, RMSE and MAPE) were used, where the average absolute percentage error validated the model by 99.09%. The ARIMA model is used to generate auto_arima SARIMAX results, auto_arima residual plots, ARIMA model results, and corresponding prediction plots on the training data set. These data indicate a continuous decline in death cases. By applying a regression model, the coefficients generated by the regression model are estimated, and the actual death cases and expected death cases are compared and analyzed. It is found that the predicted mortality rate has decreased after May 2, 2020. It will learn help the government and doctors prepare for the next plans. Based on short- period predictions these methods can use forecast for long- period.
CircRNA_0092516 regulates chondrocyte proliferation and apoptosis in osteoarthritis through the miR-337-3p/PTEN axis
Authors: Huang Zhihui , Ma Wenming , Xiao Jinhuai , Dai Xiaoyu , Ling Weiqi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
The dysregulation of circular RNAs (circRNAs) has been identified in various human diseases. Here, we mainly investigated the potential mechanism of circRNA_0092516 in osteoarthritis (OA).
Methods
The expression of circRNA_0092516 was detected by quantitative real-time PCR. MTT, flow cytometry, and Western blot were used to confirm the functions of circRNA_0092516 in vitro. Besides, RNA pull-down and dual-luciferase reporter gene experiments were used to study the potential mechanism.
Results
circRNA_0092516 was up-regulated in the tissues of OA patients and chondrocytes stimulated by IL-1β. The potential mechanism analysis revealed that circRNA_0092516 bound to miR-337-3p, and the interference with circRNA_0092516 promoted chondrocyte proliferation and repressed cell apoptosis through the miR-337-3p/PTEN axis, thereby improving OA.
Conclusions
Overall, our data showed that the interference with circRNA_0092516 promoted chondrocyte proliferation and repressed cell apoptosis through the miR-337-3p/PTEN axis, eventually slowed down the progress of OA.
Patients with COVID-19 Interstitial Pneumonia Exhibit Pancreatic Hyperenzymemia and Not Acute Pancreatitis
Authors: Pezzilli Raffaele , Centanni Stefano , Mondoni Michele , Rinaldo Rocco F. , Davì Matteo , Stefanelli Rossana , d’Eril GianVico Melzi , Barassi Alessandra 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background and aims: Gastrointestinal manifestations of COVID-19 have been well established, but pancreatic involvement is under debate. The aim of the study is to evaluate the presence of acute pancreatitis in COVID-19 patients and to assess the frequency of pancreatic hyperenzymemia. Methods: From April 1st 2020 to April 30th 2020, 110 consecutive patients (69 males, 41 females; mean age 63.0 years, range 24-93 years) met these criteria and were enrolled in the study.. The clinical data and serum activity of pancreatic amylase and lipase were assayed in all patients using commercially available kits. Results: None of the patients studied developed clinical signs or morphological alterations compatible with acute pancreatitis. However, it was found that 24.5% of the patients had amylase values above 53 IU/L and 16.4% had lipase values above 300 IU/. Only one patient (0.9%) had both amylase and lipase values in excess of three-fold the upper normal limit without clinical signs of pancreatitis. Conclusions: The presence of pancreatic hyperenzymemia in a patient with COVID-19 requires the management of these patients be guided by clinical evaluation and not merely by evaluation of the biochemical results.
Removal of wastewater phenolic compounds with triethylenetetramine functionalized polystyrene resin
Authors: Teng Qiaoqiao , Ma Shufeng , Ni Mengyi , Liu Jiang , Yang Jinlei , Zhang Dianhong , Meng Qi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
A polyamine functionalized polystyrene resin (PSATA) was prepared via condensation reaction of acetylated polystyrene resin with triethylenetetramine, which, upon NaBH4 reduction, produced PSATAR. In comparison with the PSATA, the PSATAR with more flexible amine groups shows improved structural properties, and the equilibrium adsorption capacities of phenol, 2-nitrophenol (ONP) and 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP) in wastewater were up to 1.073, 1.832 and 1.901 mmol/g, respectively. Their adsorption isotherms fit well with the Freundlich model, indicating a multilayer, heterogeneous adsorption nature. Kinetic studies indicated that the adsorption of phenolic compounds conforms to the pseudo-second-order kinetics with the adsorption rate controlled by film diffusion for ONP and DNP, and intra-particle diffusion in the later stage for phenol.
Quetiapine Fumarate Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carrier for Enhancing Oral Bioavailability: Design, Development and Pharmacokinetic Assessment
Authors: Agarwal Shweta , HariKumar S.L. , Negi Poonam , Upadhyay Navneet , Garg Rajeev 
Published: July 2020

Aims:
The study aimed at developing and characterizing Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLC)
of Quetiapine Fumarate (QF) by Design of Experiment (DoE) for the enhancement of bioavailability.

Background:
QF, an anti-psychotic drug, has an oral bioavailability of 9% due to hepatic first- pass
metabolism necessitating the use of high doses. Its side effects are dose -related and enhancement in
bioavailability would result in minimization of side effects.

Objective:
The objective of the study was the enhancement of bioavailability of the NLC of QF by preferential
lymphatic uptake.

Methods:
Hot emulsification-ultrasonication was the method of formulation using PrecirolATO5 and
Oleic acid as solid and liquid lipids respectively. Poloxamer188 and Phospholipon90G were used as
surfactant and stabilizer respectively. Solid:liquid lipid ratio and Phospholipon90G amount were independent
variables and percent Entrapment Efficiency (%EE), Particle Size (PS) dependent variables
during optimization by Central Composite Design.

Results:
The optimized formulation showed a %EE of 77.21%, PS of 140.2 nm and surface charge of -
19.9mV. Higuchi kinetic model was followed during the in-vitro release. TEM revealed spherical,
smooth nanoparticles. A pharmacokinetic study in rats showed AUC0-∞ of QF-NLC to be 3.93 times
that of QF in suspension, suggesting significant enhancement in bioavailability. An increase in AUC0-∞
in cycloheximide untreated rats’ group of QF-NLC by 2.43 times as compared to cycloheximide treated
group, confirmed lymphatic absorption of QF- NLC.

Conclusion:
The results validated DoE as an appropriate tool for developing QF loaded NLC and
proved NLC to be a promising delivery system for the enhancement of oral bioavailability of QF.
Apoptotic Effects of N-(2-Hydroxyphenyl)-2-Propylpentanamide on U87-MG and U-2 OS Cells and Antiangiogenic Properties
Authors: Castillo-Juárez Paola , Sanchez Sebastián C. , Chávez-Blanco Alma D. , Mendoza-Figueroa Humberto L. , Correa-Basurto José 
Published: July 2020

Background and Objective:
Histone Deacetylases (HDACs) are important therapeutic targets for
many types of human cancers. A derivative of valproic acid, N-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-2-propylpentanamide (HOAAVPA),
has antiproliferative properties on some cancer cell lines and inhibits the HDAC1 isoform.

Materials and Methods:
In this work, HO-AAVPA was tested as an antiproliferative agent in U87-MG (human
glioblastoma) and U-2 OS cells (human osteosarcoma), which are types of cancer that are difficult to treat, and its
antiangiogenic properties were explored.

Results:
HO-AAVPA had antiproliferative effects at 48h with an IC50=0.655mM in U87-MG cells and an
IC50=0.453mM in U-2 OS cells. Additionally, in the colony formation assay, HO-AAVPA decreased the number
of colonies by approximately 99% in both cell lines and induced apoptosis by 31.3% in the U-2 OS cell line and
by 78.2% in the U87-MG cell line. Additionally, HO-AAVPA reduced the number of vessels in Chorioallantoic
Membranes (CAMs) by approximately 67.74% and IL-6 levels in both cell lines suggesting that the biochemical
mechanism on cancer cell of HO-AAVPA is different compared to VPA.

Conclusion:
HO-AAVPA has antiproliferative effects on glioblastoma and osteosarcoma and antiangiogenic properties.