bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polyneuropathy in Gaucher disease type 1 and 3 – a descriptive case series
Authors: Andréasson Mattias , Solders Göran , Björkvall Cecilia K. , Machaczka Maciej , Svenningsson Per 
Published: October 2019

AbstractPolyneuropathy (PNP) has been reported to be a possible phenotypic feature in Gaucher disease type 1 (GD1), while less is known about PNP in type 3 (GD3). We performed a cross-sectional study, exploring PNP in a Swedish GD cohort. Clinical assessment and blood biochemistry were carried out in 8 patients with GD1 and 11 patients with GD3. In patients with symptoms or clinical findings indicative of PNP, nerve conduction studies and quantitative sensory testing were performed. Assessments were compared to historic controls. A subclinical small fiber neuropathy (SFN) was demonstrated in 2 of 8 patients in the significantly (p = 0,021) older GD1 cohort. A large fiber PNP was evident in an additional 3 GD1 patients but could not be ascribed as disease manifestation. No GD3 patients exhibited neurophysiological evidence of small or large fiber PNP attributed to GD3. Compared to historic controls, no significant group differences were evident with regard to neuropathy rating scores. In summary, our study does not support large fiber PNP as a prevalent manifestation of GD. SFN is a possible feature in GD1, although small sample size limits definite conclusions. Our study provides novel data, arguing against clinically significant small or large fiber PNP in GD3.
Genomic characterization of intrinsic and acquired resistance to cetuximab in colorectal cancer patients
Authors: Bray Steven M. , Lee Jeeyun , Kim Seung Tae , Hur Joon Young , Ebert Philip J. , Calley John N. , Wulur Isabella H. , Gopalappa Thejaswini , Wong Swee Seong , Qian Hui-Rong , Ting Jason C. , Liu Jiangang , Willard Melinda D. , Novosiadly Ruslan D. , Park Young Suk , Park Joon Oh , Lim Ho Yeong , Kang Won Ki , Aggarwal Amit , Kim Hee Cheol , Reinhard Christoph 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAnti-EGFR antibodies are effective in therapies for late-stage colorectal cancer (CRC); however, many tumours are unresponsive or develop resistance. We performed genomic analysis of intrinsic and acquired resistance to anti-EGFR therapy in prospectively collected tumour samples from 25 CRC patients receiving cetuximab (an EGFR inhibitor). Of 25 CRC patients, 13 displayed intrinsic resistance to cetuximab; 12 were intrinsically sensitive. We obtained six re-biopsy samples at acquired resistance from the intrinsically sensitive patients. NCOA4–RET and LMNA–NTRK1 fusions and NRG1 and GNAS amplifications were found in intrinsic-resistant patients. In cetuximab-sensitive patients, we found KRAS K117N and A146T mutations in addition to BRAF V600E, AKT1 E17K, PIK3CA E542K, and FGFR1 or ERBB2 amplifications. The comparison between baseline and acquired-resistant tumours revealed an extreme shift in variant allele frequency of somatic variants, suggesting that cetuximab exposure dramatically selected for rare resistant subclones that were initially undetectable. There was also an increase in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition at acquired resistance, with a reduction in the immune infiltrate. Furthermore, characterization of an acquired-resistant, patient-derived cell line showed that PI3K/mTOR inhibition could rescue cetuximab resistance. Thus, we uncovered novel genomic alterations that elucidate the mechanisms of sensitivity and resistance to anti-EGFR therapy in metastatic CRC patients.
Effectiveness of Rehabilitation Approaches Proposed to Children With Severe-to-Profound Prelinguistic Deafness on the Development of Auditory, Speech, and Language Skills: A Systematic Review
Authors: Demers Dominique , Bergeron François 
Published: October 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this systematic review is to identify and evaluate the available scientific evidence on the effectiveness of rehabilitation approaches proposed to children with severe-to-profound prelinguistic deafness on the hearing, speech, and language skills development.

Method
Databases (PubMed, CINHAL, PsycInfo, Cochrane, ERIC, and EMBASE) were searched with relevant key words (children, deafness, rehabilitation approach, auditory, speech, and language). Studies published between 2000 and 2017 were included. The methodological quality of the studies was evaluated with the Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies, and the level of evidence was evaluated with the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine Levels of Evidence. Every step of the selection and analysis was made by 2 independent judges.

Results
Of 1,739 articles listed in different databases, 38 met the inclusion criteria and were selected for analysis. The majority of included articles present a relatively low level of evidence. Rehabilitation approaches that do not include signs appear more frequently associated with a better auditory, speech, and language development, except for receptive language, than approaches that included any form of signs.

Conclusion
More robust studies are needed to decide on the approach to prioritize with severe-to-profound deaf children.
Categorical and Dimensional Ratings of Emotional Speech: Behavioral Findings From the Morgan Emotional Speech Set
Authors: Morgan Shae D. 
Published: October 2019

PurposeEmotion classification for auditory stimuli typically employs 1 of 2 approaches (discrete categories or emotional dimensions). This work presents a new emotional speech set, compares these 2 classification methods for emotional speech stimuli, and emphasizes the need to consider the entire communication model (i.e., the talker, message, and listener) when studying auditory emotion portrayal and perception.MethodEmotional speech from male and female talkers was evaluated using both categorical and dimensional rating methods. Ten young adult listeners (ages 19–28 years) evaluated stimuli recorded in 4 emotional speaking styles (Angry, Calm, Happy, and Sad). Talker and listener factors were examined for potential influences on emotional ratings using categorical and dimensional rating methods. Listeners rated stimuli by selecting an emotion category, rating the activation and pleasantness, and indicating goodness of category fit.ResultsDiscrete ratings were generally consistent with dimensional ratings for speech, with accuracy for emotion recognition well above chance. As stimuli approached dimensional extremes of activation and pleasantness, listeners were more confident in their category selection, indicative of a hybrid approach to emotion classification. Female talkers were rated as more activated than male talkers, and female listeners gave higher ratings of activation compared to male listeners, confirming gender differences in emotion perception.ConclusionA hybrid model for auditory emotion classification is supported by the data. Talker and listener factors, such as gender, were found to impact the ratings of emotional speech and must be considered alongside stimulus factors in the design of future studies of emotion.
Identification of Hearing Loss in Individuals With Cognitive Impairment Using Portable Tablet Audiometer
Authors: Pletnikova Alexandra , Reed Nicholas S. , Amjad Halima , Yasar Sevil , Nowrangi Milap , Betz Joshua , Lin Frank R. , Oh Esther S. 
Published: October 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility of using a tablet-based portable audiometer to identify hearing loss in a cognitively impaired population.

Method

In this study, we used a retrospective chart review of an outpatient memory clinic. During a quality initiative, older adult (
M
age
= 74.6) patients (
n
= 91) completed pure-tone hearing testing (0.5–4 kHz) via automated self-administration and technician-administered threshold testing (gold standard) on a tablet-based audiometer.

Results
Technician-administered auditory threshold testing was successfully conducted in all patients. A total of 54 of the 91 patients (59%) also had hearing thresholds reliably obtained with automated self-administration. In bivariate analyses, older age, lower Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores, lower education, male sex, and higher degree of hearing impairment were associated with higher odds of having an unreliable self-administered test defined as multiple recorded false positives at 2 or more test frequencies. In multivariable analysis, lower MMSE scores and poorer hearing were significantly associated with higher odds of having an unreliable self-administered test.

Conclusion
Technician-administered hearing threshold testing using a portable, tablet-based audiometer can be successfully administered to patients with cognitive impairment. Reliability of automated self-administration is limited in patients with lower MMSE scores.
Modeling of macroscopic quantum states in functional properties of the laser-induced 4D-topological nanoclusters in thin films on solid surface
Authors: Arakelian S.M. , Kucherik A.O. , Khudaberganov T.A. , Bukharov D.N. 
Published: October 2019

Nanocluster structures can be easily modified in necessary direction and by controlled way in femtonanophotonics experiments. The variation of the key topology parameters can result in new type of the quantum correlation states/size effect for charged particles.
In our earlier experiments we studied laser-induced topological nanoclusters structures of different types in thin films with unique phenomena in electrophysics and optics (see [1-3]). A simple 2-steps mechanism for enhancement of quantum behavior (e.g. in electroconductivity) exists for different conditions. First, when inelastic length linelastic > acluster we have no incoherent electron-phonon (e-ph) scattering, i.e. the coherent process takes place. Second, when de Broglie wave length λdB ≡ ℓcoh < Λ, (acluster – cluster size , Λ – spatial period of nanoparticle distribution) the coherent tunneling without loss occurs, and a long-range order with interference of the states takes place in the medium due to lattice structure.
Kaliberreduktion der A. ophthalmica in der Magnetresonanzangiografie bei Patienten nach retinalen arteriellen Verschlüssen
Authors: Leisser Christoph , Zandieh Shahin , Hirnschall Nino , Findl Oliver 
Published: October 2019

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Retinale arterielle Verschlüsse (RAO) werden durch embolische Verschlüsse der retinalen Arterien verursacht. Ein Schlaganfall in der Anamnese wird bei bis zu 20% der Patienten beschrieben. In einer Blutflusssimulation anhand einer Magnetresonanztomografieaufnahme eines Patienten mit RAO gingen 90% der aszendierenden Emboli mit dem Blutstrom in die Hirnarterien. Andere embolische Quellen, wie arterielle Plaques in der A. ophthalmica, kommen daher auch als mögliche Ursachen für RAO infrage. Ziel der Studie war, Kaliberreduktionen der A. ophthalmica in der Magnetresonanzangiografie (MRA) zu untersuchen.
Patienten und Methoden Eine prospektive Fallserie von 9 Patienten mit neu diagnostizierter RAO, die in der Ambulanz erstvorgestellt wurden. Eine MRA des Gehirns mit Einschluss der A. ophthalmica und des Karotissiphons wurde bei allen Patienten durchgeführt und von einem erfahrenen Neuroradiologen beurteilt.
Ergebnisse Vier von 9 Patienten (44,4%) hatten eine Kaliberreduktion in der A. ophthalmica, 2 nur auf der Seite der RAO und die anderen 2 bilateral. Einer dieser Patienten hatte auch eine hochgradige Karotisstenose, die sowohl in der MRA als auch Karotissonografie gezeigt werden konnte. In der Kontrollgruppe wurden keine Kaliberreduktionen der A. ophthalmica diagnostiziert.
Schlussfolgerung Kaliberreduktionen der A. ophthalmica sind in der MRA bei etwa der Hälfte der Patienten mit RAO diagnostizierbar und weisen auf stenookklusive Veränderungen der A. ophthalmica als mögliche Thrombosequelle für RAO hin.
OP-Vorbereitung
Authors: Zander Sabine 
Published: October 2019

ZusammenfassungEin wesentlicher Faktor, um die Sicherheit des Patienten im OP zu gewährleisten, ist die gewissenhafte und standardisierte OP-Vorbereitung. Was Sie dabei beachten sollten, erklären wir Ihnen im 2. Teil unserer Serie „Standards im OP“.
Balance finden im Berufsalltag
Authors: Welk Ina 
Published: October 2019

ZusammenfassungFühlen Sie sich häufig überarbeitet, gestresst und ausgebrannt? Dann könnte es sein, dass dies die ersten Anzeichen eines Burn-outs sind. Wie Sie es erkennen und welche Strategien es gibt, um möglichst frühzeitig gegenzusteuern, lesen Sie in unserem Schwerpunkt.
A Pharmacokinetic Evaluation of Dabigatran Etexilate, Total Dabigatran, and Unconjugated Dabigatran Following the Administration of Dabigatran Etexilate Mesylate Capsules in Healthy Male and Female Subjects
Authors: Bouhajib Mohammed , Tayab Zia 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Purpose Due to bioanalytical limitations it was previously not possible to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of dabigatran etexilate. We have developed validated methods to assay dabigatran etexilate, unconjugated dabigatran, and total dabigatran that will allow for a complete investigation into the pharmacokinetics of dabigatran etexilate mesylate. This study was designed to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of these analytes in healthy subjects.
Methods This was an open-label, single-dose, one-period, one-treatment study. A single oral dose of dabigatran etexilate mesylate capsule containing the equivalent of 150 mg dabigatran etexilate was administered to each subject. A total of 23 blood samples for pharmacokinetic analysis were collected and analyzed from each subject. Safety and tolerability were monitored throughout the study.
Results Eighteen healthy subjects were enrolled, dosed, and completed the study. The dabigatran etexilate mean Cmax was 6.9±5.63 ng/mL, the median Tmax was 0.67 h (range=0.50–1.00 h), the mean AUCt was 5.32±4.82 ng/mL·h, the mean AUCinf was 5.36±4.83 pg/mL*h, and the mean t1/2 was 0.54±0.26 h. Only one subject experienced an adverse event.
Conclusion Using validated bioanalytical methods, a complete characterization of dabigatran etexilate, total dabigatran, and unconjugated dabigatran pharmacokinetics was achieved. Advancements in the development of new more accurate, specific, and sensitive validated bioanalytical methods such as these enable for a complete understanding of the drug’s pharmacokinetics and this, in turn, can have an impact on both the drug development and the evaluation of generic formulations.
30.1.1.3 Acyclic O,N-Acetals (Update 2019)
Authors: Minakata S. , Kiyokawa K. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis chapter is an update to the earlier Science of Synthesis contribution (Section 30.1.1), which describes synthetic methods and applications of acyclic O,N-acetals in organic synthesis. This update focuses on the enantioselective synthesis of acyclic O,N-acetals via asymmetric catalysis, which has witnessed significant advances in recent years. Also, recent applications of this class of compound in asymmetric organic synthesis are described.
33.1.13.3 2,3-Dihydrothiophenes and Derivatives (Update 2019)
Authors: Witt D. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis chapter is an update to the earlier Science of Synthesis contribution (Section 33.1.13) describing methods for the synthesis of 2,3-dihydrothiophenes and their derivatives. The most common routes to 2,3-dihydrothiophenes involve ring-closing reactions, ring transformations, elimination processes, and elaboration of substituents attached to the 2,3-dihydrothiophene ring. The applications of 2,3-dihydrothiophenes and derivatives in organic synthesis are also included.
37.4.1.7 Synthesis of Five-Membered and Larger-Ring Oxacycloalk-3-enes by Ring-Closure Reactions, Except Ring-Closing Metathesis (Update 2019)
Authors: Zhang Z. , Tong R. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis chapter is an update to the earlier Science of Synthesis contribution (Section 37.4.1), describing the synthesis of five-, six-, seven-, eight-, and ten-membered cyclic ethers with a double-bond at C3 (namely, oxacycloalk-3-enes). This update is focused on oxacyclization (C—O bond formation) approaches developed and published in the period 2007–2018.
Mitigating climate impacts on crop production via symbiosis.
Authors: Rodriguez R. , Baird A. , Cho Sang Cho Sang , Gray Z. , Groover E. , Harto R. , Hsieh M. , Malmberg K. , Manglona R. , Mercer M. , Nasman N. , Nicklason T. , Rienstra M. , Inwegen A. van , VanHooser A. , Redman R. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

All plants in natural ecosystems are thought to be symbiotic with mutualistic fungal endophytes that can significantly improve plant fitness by enhancing root growth, fertility, nutrient acquisition and biotic or abiotic stress tolerance. Recently, Adaptive Symbiotic Technologies developed the product line BioEnsure® comprised of fungal endophytes that confer abiotic stress tolerance (drought, temperature, salinity) to food crops (www.adsymtech.com). These endophytes communicate similarly with monocots and eudicots to enhance crop production on marginal lands and mitigate the impacts of high daytime or nighttime temperatures on crop fertilization. Yield benefits in endophyte-colonized plants are remarkable and directly proportional to stress levels with average yield increases of 3-5% above control plants under low stress and >26% under high stress. The relationship between stress and yield enhancement was best exemplified in Rajasthan, India, where BioEnsure®-treated pearl millet and mung bean seeds were provided to 400 small landholding farmers. Under the hot, dry growing conditions that are typical in Rajasthan, the average yield increases were 29% for pearl millet and 64% for mung bean compared to untreated plants. This demonstrated the power of this technology to increase food security, animal fodder, carry-over seed and revenues. Interest in the USA is growing with BioEnsure®-treated seeds planted in 300,000 acres in 2017 and 900,000 acres in 2018, and >2,000,000 acres are projected for 2019.
Endophytes as novel pest control agents: myth or reality?
Authors: Gange A. C. , Currie A. F. , Spong J. R. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Endophytic fungi are ubiquitous in nature and their potential for pest control in grassland systems is well understood. However, their role as novel pest control agents in herbaceous crops is far less clear. These fungi can be broadly split into two groups: unspecialized species (including saprotrophs and latent pathogens) and entomopathogens. The literature on the interactions of these fungi with herbivorous insects is biased towards studies in a few plant families and with a few insect species. This fact notwithstanding, we suggest that infection of plants by these fungi elicits dramatic chemical changes within their hosts, which have the potential to reduce insect and pathogen attack. However, the effects of fungal infection on insects are context-specific, being influenced by the identity of the insect and plant, the existing community of fungi within a plant, the habitat in which it is growing and the plant age. Unspecialized endophytes can reduce the performance of sucking insects, but effects are only seen when seeds are inoculated. This result may reflect poor experimental technique but corresponds well to fungal biology, as these endophytes can be transmitted through seeds from one plant generation to the next. Endophytic entomopathogens show more consistent detrimental effects on insects and plant pathogens and can even provide growth benefits in the absence of antagonists. We conclude that a better understanding of the biochemical and molecular changes elicited by endophytes in plants is required, so that these can be harnessed in future pest control strategies. Endophytes will not replace conventional pesticides in the near future, but could be incorporated into future integrated control programmes, thereby reducing the reliance on synthetic chemicals.
Bioprospecting of endophytes.
Authors: Ebrahim W. , Ebada S. S. , Proksch P. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Endophytic microorganisms constitute a prolific source of bioactive compounds mainly in the field of antineoplastic compounds and anti-infective agents. This chapter provides an overview on bioactive secondary metabolites from endophytes that were reported within the last five years (2013-2018), highlighting their often-unique chemical structures and/or their mechanism(s) of action.
Single Nucleotide Polymorphism on Exon 2 Leptin Gene of Pasundan Cattle
Authors: Hilmia N , Rahmat D , Dudi  , Hadi D N 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Single Nucleotide Polymorphism on exon 2 of leptin gene which changes encoding from Arginine to Cysteine could change the function of Leptin as an obese gene which regulated feed intake and energy expenditure. The aims to analyze point mutation based on SNP exon 2 of Leptin gene of Pasundan cattle. This research used 49 DNA of Pasundan cattle from BPPT SP Cijeungjing. Multiplication of DNA was done by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Analyze of SNP on exon 2 Leptin gene based on nucleotide sequence from direct sequencing of PCR product which was alligned with leptin gene sequence from gene bank using Bioedit and MEGA 5.2 program. The results showed nucleotide sequence of exon 2 Leptin gene in Pasundan cattle is different from Leptin gene sequence of Bos indicus and Bos taurus. It was found one synonymous SNP that did not change amino acids Serine encoding on S17S, and two non-synonymous SNP which altered amino acids encoding, i.e R25C and R25H. In Pasundan cattle, the frequency of C allele (42.86%) was higher than A allele (31.64%) and T allele (25.50%). Six genotypes were identified i.e. CC (24.49%), CT (32.65%), CA (4.08%), TT (8.16%) and TA (2.05 %), AA (28.57%).
Non-Destructive Method for Predicting Sapodilla Fruit Quality Using Near Infrared Spectroscopy
Authors: Kusumiyati  , Mubarok S , Sutari W , Farida  , Hamdani J S , Hadiwijaya Y , Putri I E 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The non-destructive method was used to predict the moisture content, firmness, total dissolved solids, and color values (including L*, a*, b*, h⊘ and C*) of sapodilla fruit using near infrared spectroscopy with wavelength of 312 - 1050 nm. Irradiated and measured sapodilla samples were analyzed using partial least squares (PLS) algorithm of multivariate calibration technique to build the calibration models. Validation analysis was performed to build validation models and verify the calibration models. The accuracy of the validation models were defined by the ratio performance deviation (RPD) and root mean squares error of prediction (RMSEP) values on each parameters. The RPD and RMSEP values of moisture content, firmness, total dissolved solids, L*, a*, b*, h⊘ and C* were 1.35 (0.01), 3.82 (2.08), 2.04 (1.70), 3.32 (1.30), 3.20 (0.82), 3.41 (1.38), 3.64 (2.03) and 3.11 (1.32), respectively. The results showed that nondestructive method using near infrared spectroscopy was able predict the quality of sapodilla fruit with high accuracy and low error.