bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Esophageal collateral veins in predicting esophageal variceal recurrence and rebleeding after endoscopic treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Li Qian-Qian , Li Hong-Yu , Bai Zhao-Hui , Philips Cyriac Abby , Guo Xiao-Zhong , Qi Xing-Shun 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background
Endoscopic treatment is recommended for the management of esophageal varices. However, variceal recurrence or rebleeding is common after endoscopic variceal eradication. Our study aimed to systematically evaluate the prevalence of esophageal collateral veins (ECVs) and the association of ECVs with recurrence of esophageal varices or rebleeding from esophageal varices after endoscopic treatment.

Methods
We searched the relevant literature through the PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases. Prevalence of paraesophageal veins (para-EVs), periesophageal veins (peri-EVs), and perforating veins (PVs) were pooled. Risk ratio (RR) and odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for cohort studies and case–control studies, respectively. A random-effects model was employed. Heterogeneity among studies was calculated.

Results
Among the 532 retrieved papers, 28 were included. The pooled prevalence of para-EVs, peri-EVs, and PVs in patients with esophageal varices was 73%, 88%, and 54%, respectively. The pooled prevalence of para-EVs and PVs in patients with recurrence of esophageal varices was 87% and 62%, respectively. The risk for recurrence of esophageal varices was significantly increased in patients with PVs (OR = 9.79, 95% CI: 1.95–49.22, P = 0.006 for eight case–control studies), but not in those with para-EVs (OR = 4.26, 95% CI: 0.38–38.35, P = 0.24 for four case–control studies; RR = 1.81, 95% CI: 0.83–3.97, P = 0.14 for three cohort studies). Patients with para-EVs had a significantly higher incidence of rebleeding from esophageal varices (RR = 13.00, 95% CI: 2.43–69.56, P = 0.003 for two cohort studies). Statistically significant heterogeneity was notable across the meta-analyses.

Conclusions
ECVs are common in patients with esophageal varices. Identification of ECVs could be helpful for predicting the recurrence of esophageal varices or rebleeding from esophageal varices after endoscopic treatment.
Health promotion program for office workers with SEM based on the WHO’s healthy workplace framework
Authors: Ryu Hosihn , Jung Jiyeon , Moon Jihyun 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis study attempts to develop and verify the effectiveness of a health promotion program for office workers based on the social ecological model and the World Health Organization’s Healthy Workplace Framework. This study involved 272 office workers of a small and medium-sized enterprise in Korea. Data were analyzed through descriptive statistics, repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Bonferroni correction using SPSS/WIN 23.0. Workplace environmental support was provided to all workers, while a 6-month intensive core program based on social support was implemented for the intensive management group. Based on the participation rate, individuals were divided into the core and dropout groups. In all office workers, there were negative changes in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and job stress during the period. Meanwhile, the intensive group showed significant changes in body mass index and diastolic blood pressure. The study suggests that the organization’s support for a healthy environment and an individual’s continued participation based on social support are essential for the effectiveness of a health promotion program for office workers.
Using NS1 Flavivirus Protein Microarray to Infer Past Infecting Dengue Virus Serotype and Number of Past Dengue Virus Infections in Vietnamese Individuals
Authors: Thao Tran Thi Nhu , de Bruin Erwin , Phuong Huynh Thi , Thao Vy Nguyen Ha , van den Ham Henk-Jan , Wills Bridget A , Tien Nguyen Thi Hanh , Le Duyen Huynh Thi , Trung Dinh The , Whitehead Stephen S , Boni Maciej F , Koopmans Marion , Clapham Hannah E 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background
In recent years, researchers have had an increased focus on multiplex microarray assays, in which antibodies are measured against multiple related antigens, for use in seroepidemiological studies to infer past transmission.

Methods
We assess the performance of a flavivirus microarray assay for determining past dengue virus (DENV) infection history in a dengue-endemic setting, Vietnam. We tested the microarray on samples from 1 and 6 months postinfection from DENV-infected patients (infecting serotype was determined using reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction during acute, past primary, and secondary infection assessed using plaque reduction neutralization tests 6 months postinfection).

Results
Binomial models developed to discriminate past primary from secondary infection using the protein microarray (PMA) titers had high area under the curve (0.90–0.97) and accuracy (0.84–0.86). Multinomial models developed to identify most recent past infecting serotype using PMA titers performed well in those with past primary infection (average test set: κ = 0.85, accuracy of 0.92) but not those with past secondary infection (κ = 0.24, accuracy of 0.45).

Conclusions
Our results suggest that the microarray will be useful in seroepidemiological studies aimed at classifying the past infection history of individuals (past primary vs secondary and serotype of past primary infections) and thus inferring past transmission intensity of DENV in dengue-endemic settings. Future work to validate these models should be undertaken in different transmission settings and with samples later after infection.
Evaluation of Genotypic Antiviral Resistance Testing as an Alternative to Phenotypic Testing in a Patient with DOCK8 Deficiency and Severe HSV-1 Disease
Authors: Casto Amanda M , Stout Sean C , Selvarangan Rangaraj , Freeman Alexandra F , Newell Brandon D , Stahl Erin D , Ahmed Atif A , Greninger Alexander L , Yin Dwight E 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAntiviral resistance frequently complicates the treatment of herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections in immunocompromised patients. Here we present the case of an adolescent boy with dedicator of cytokinesis 8 (DOCK8) deficiency, who experienced recurrent infections with resistant HSV-1. We used both phenotypic and genotypic methodologies to characterize the resistance profile of HSV-1 in the patient and conclude that genotypic testing outperformed phenotypic testing. We also present the first analysis of intrahost HSV-1 evolution in an immunocompromised patient. While HSV-1 can remain static in an immunocompetent individual for decades, the virus from this patient rapidly acquired genetic changes throughout its genome. Finally, we document a likely case of transmitted resistance in HSV-1 between the patient and his brother, who also has DOCK8 deficiency. This event demonstrates that resistant HSV-1 is transmissible among immunocompromised persons.
Characterization of drug resistance and the defective HIV reservoir in virally suppressed vertically infected children in Mali
Authors: Brice Josephine , Sylla Mariam , Desire Nathalie , Sayon Sophie , Telly Fatoumata , Bocar-Fofana Djeneba , Murphy Robert , Peytavin Gilles , Diallo Souleymane , Nastouli Eleni , Calvez Vincent , Marcelin Anne-Geneviève , Maiga Almoustapha Issiaka , Lambert-Niclot Sidonie 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background
In the perspective of ART-free HIV remission, vertically infected children treated with suppressive ART from early infancy represent an optimal population model to better understand the genetic complexity of the reservoir.

Objectives
To evaluate the proportion of defective viral population and the genotypic resistance patterns in cell-associated HIV DNA.

Methods
In a cohort including 93 ART-treated vertically HIV-infected (VHIV) children in Mali with plasma HIV-1 RNA ≤50 copies/mL for at least 6 months, we studied total HIV DNA, percentage of defective genomes and resistance by reverse transcriptase and protease bulk sequencing from whole blood in dried blood spots.

Results
Children had a median age of 9.9 years at the time of inclusion (IQR = 7.6–13.4) and 3.3 years (IQR = 2–7) at ART initiation; median ART duration was 5.5 years (IQR = 3.7–7.3). The median level of total HIV DNA was 470 copies/106 cells with one patient presenting undetectable HIV DNA (&lt;66 copies/106 cells). We observed the presence of at least one stop codon in viruses from 34 patients (37%). The presence of stop codons was not correlated with the level of HIV DNA or duration of ART. We showed a high prevalence of HIV-1 resistance in DNA with 26% of children harbouring virus resistant to at least one NRTI and 40% to at least one NNRTI.

Conclusions
While these VHIV children were successfully treated for a long time, they showed high prevalence of resistance in HIV DNA and a moderate defective HIV reservoir.
Leaf hydraulic conductance is linked to leaf symmetry in bifacial, amphistomatic leaves of sunflower
Authors: Richardson Freya , Jordan Gregory J , Brodribb Timothy J 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The hydraulic implications of stomatal positioning across leaf surfaces and the impact on internal water flow through amphistomatic leaves are not currently well understood. Amphistomaty potentially provides hydraulic efficiencies if the majority of hydraulic resistance in the leaf exists outside the xylem in the mesophyll. Such a scenario would mean that the same xylem network could equally supply a hypostomatic or amphistomatic leaf. Here we examine leaves of Helianthus annuus to determine whether amphistomaty in this species is associated with higher hydraulic efficiency compared with hypostomatic leaves. We identified asymmetry in the positioning of minor veins which were significantly closer to the abaxial than the adaxial leaf surface, combined with lower Kleaf when transpiration was driven through the adaxial rather than the abaxial surface. We also identified a degree of coordination in stomatal behaviour driven by leaf hydraulics, where the hydraulic conditions experienced by an individual leaf surface affected the stomatal behaviour on the opposite surface. We found no advantage to amphistomaty based on efficiencies in construction costs of the venous system, represented by vein density:stomatal density, only limited hydraulic independence between leaf surfaces. These results suggest that amphistomaty does not substantially increase whole-leaf hydraulic efficiency.
‘I felt like the mountains were coming for me.’—The role of place attachment and local lifestyle opportunities for labour migrants’ staying aspirations in two Norwegian rural municipalities
Authors: Lynnebakke Brit 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
This article discusses two relatively underexplored topics in international migration research: place attachment processes and staying intentions in the new place of residence. The analysis is based on findings from semi-structured interviews with internal and international labour migrants in two rural Norwegian municipalities. In a study that primarily focused on migrants’ local social inclusion and belonging processes, several migrants on their own initiative brought up and elaborated on the importance of local material aspects (nature, climate, and localisation) and lifestyle options for their local contentment and staying aspirations. The interviewee accounts suggest that numerous factors can influence staying intentions, including social ties, work/career opportunities, local materiality, and lifestyle opportunities. By focusing on processes of place attachment, the findings bring to light some of the mechanisms that may lay behind the common proposition within international migration research that length of residence makes return less likely. The findings on these processes highlight how local contentment—and by extension staying aspirations—can change over time, thereby connecting the usually separated fields of migration and post-migration processes. Moreover, the findings show how local place attachment may also influence international migrants’ aspirations/decisions of internal migration within the new country of residence. Finally, the centrality of lifestyle for staying aspirations and place attachment in these labour migrants’ accounts underline a call by lifestyle migration researchers for increased attention to the role of lifestyle in all kinds of migration. The article’s conclusion notes the findings’ relevance also for urban settings.
Failures of Halofit model for computation of Fisher matrices: a response function analysis
Authors: Reimberg P , Bernardeau F , Nishimichi T , Rizzato M 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT
The response function of a linear system undergoing a non-linear transformation measures the sensitivity of the non-linear output with respect to the initial linear state. This concept can also be applied to the non-linear growth of structures in the Universe. In this paper, we study the response function for the Halofit model, we present its analytic structure and we compare its theoretical prediction with the one as measured from simulations. We find a major departure between the two. We argue that a consequence of unmatched response functions is an intrinsic theoretical limitation on Halofit to predict the derivatives of the non-linear power spectrum with respect to cosmological parameters, and hence a possible systematic effect on Fisher matrices based forecasts using Halofit. In particular, we use a simple cosmological model with two parameters (As, ns) to illustrate the impact of using Halofit for this kind of forecasts for a 1 h−3 Gpc3 volume survey. We report a maximum impact on the figure of merit of $20{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$.
The stellar photosphere–hydrogen ionization front interaction in classical pulsators: a theoretical explanation for observed period–colour relations
Authors: Das Susmita , Kanbur Shashi M , Bellinger Earl P , Bhardwaj Anupam , Singh Harinder P , Meerdink Brett , Proietti Nicholas , Chalmers Anthony , Jordan Ryan 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT
Period–colour and amplitude–colour (PCAC) relations can be used to probe both the hydrodynamics of outer envelope structure and evolutionary status of Cepheids and RR Lyraes. In this work, we incorporate the PCAC relations for RR Lyraes, BL Her, W Vir, and classical Cepheids in a single unifying theory that involves the interaction of the hydrogen ionization front (HIF) and stellar photosphere and the theory of stellar evolution. PC relations for RR Lyraes and classical Cepheids using the Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment (OGLE-IV) data are found to be consistent with this theory: RR Lyraes have shallow/sloped relations at minimum/maximum light, whilst long-period (P &gt; 10 d) Cepheids exhibit sloped/flat PC relations at minimum/maximum light. The differences in the PC relations for Cepheids and RR Lyraes can be explained based on the relative location of the HIF and stellar photosphere which changes depending on their position on the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram. We also extend our analysis of PCAC relations for type II Cepheids in the Galactic bulge, Large and Small Magellanic Clouds using OGLE-IV data. We find that BL Her stars have sloped PC relations at maximum and minimum light similar to short-period (P &lt; 10 d) classical Cepheids. W Vir stars exhibit sloped/flat PC relation at minimum/maximum light similar to long-period classical Cepheids. We also compute state-of-the-art 1D radiation hydrodynamic models of RR Lyraes, BL Her and classical Cepheids using the radial stellar pulsation code in mesa to further test these ideas theoretically and find that the models are generally consistent with this picture. We are thus able to explain PC relations at maximum and minimum light across a broad spectrum of variable star types.
Significance levels of common frequencies extracted from multiple data sets
Authors: Koen Chris 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT
Large monitoring campaigns, particularly those using multiple filters, have produced replicated time series of observations for literally millions of stars. The search for periodicities in such replicated data can be facilitated by comparing the periodograms of the various time series. In particular, frequency spectra can be searched for common peaks. The sensitivity of this procedure to various parameters (e.g. the time base of the data, length of the frequency interval searched, number of replicate series, etc.) is explored. Two additional statistics that could sharpen results are also discussed: the closeness (in frequency) of peaks identified as common to all data sets, and the sum of the ranks of the peaks. Analytical expressions for the distributions of these two statistics are presented. The method is illustrated by showing that a ‘dubious’ periodicity in an 'Asteroid Terrestrial-impact Last Alert System' data set is highly significant.
The spectral evolution of disc dominated tidal disruption events
Authors: Mummery Andrew , Balbus Steven A 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT
We perform a detailed numerical and analytical study of the properties of observed light curves from relativistic thin discs, focussing on observational bands most appropriate for comparison with tidal disruption events (TDEs). We make use of asymptotic expansion techniques applied to the spectral emission integral, using time-dependent disc temperature profiles appropriate for solutions of the relativistic thin disc equation. Rather than a power law associated with bolometric disc emission L ∼ t−n, the observed X-ray flux from disc-dominated TDEs will typically have the form of a power law multiplied by an exponential (see equation 91). While precise details are somewhat dependent on the nature of the ISCO stress and disc-observer orientational angle, the general form of the time-dependent flux is robust and insensitive to the exact disc temperature profile. We present numerical fits to the UV and X-ray light curves of ASASSN-14li, a particularly well observed TDE. This modelling incorporates strong gravity optics. The full 900 d of ASASSN-14li X-ray observations are very well fit by a simple relativistic disc model, significantly improving upon previous work. The same underlying model also fits the final 1000 d of ASASSN-14li observations in three different UV bandpasses. Finally, we demonstrate that the analytic formulae reproduce the properties of full numerical modelling at both UV and X-ray wavelengths with great fidelity.
NGC 6712: the variable star population of a tidally disrupted globular cluster
Authors: Deras D , Arellano Ferro A , Lázaro C , Bustos Fierro I H , Calderón J H , Muneer S , Giridhar Sunetra 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT
We present an analysis of ${VI}$ CCD time-series photometry of globular cluster NGC 6712. Our main goal is to study the variable star population as indicators of the cluster mean physical parameters. We employed the Fourier decomposition of RR Lyrae light curves to confirm that ${}[\rm Fe/H]_{UVES} = -1.0 \pm 0.05$ is a solid estimate. We estimated the reddening to the cluster as E(B − V) = 0.35 ± 0.04 from the RRab stars colour curves. The distance to the cluster was estimated using three independent methods which yielded a weighted mean distance &lt;d &gt; = 8.1 ± 0.2 kpc. The distribution of RRab and RRc stars on the horizontal branch shows a clear segregation around the first overtone red edge of the instability strip, which seems to be a common feature in OoI-type cluster with a very red horizontal branch. We carried out a membership analysis of 60 447 stars in our field of view (FoV) using the data from Gaia-DR2 and found 1529 likely members; we possess the light curves of 1100 among the member stars. This allowed us to produce a clean colour–magnitude diagram, consistent with an age of 12 Gyr, and enabled us to discover close unresolved contaminants for several variable stars. From the proper motion analysis, we found evidence of non-member stars in the FoV of the cluster being tidally affected by the gravitational pull of the bulge of the Galaxy. We found that the RRab variable V6, shows a previously undetected Blazhko effect. Finally, we report 16 new variables of the EW-type (9) and SR-type (7).
Stellar properties of the host galaxy of an ultraluminous X-ray source in NGC 5252
Authors: Kim Minjin , López Kristhell M , Jonker Peter G , Ho Luis C , Im Myungshin 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT
An ultraluminous X-ray source (ULX) in NGC 5252 has been known as a strong candidate for an off-nuclear intermediate-mass black hole (IMBH). We present near-infrared imaging data of the ULX obtained with the William Herschel Telescope. Using this data we estimate a stellar mass associated with the ULX of ≈107.9 ± 0.1$\, \mathrm{M}_\odot$, suggesting that it could be (the remnant of) a dwarf galaxy that is in the process of merging with NGC 5252. Based on a correlation between the mass of the central black hole (BH) and host galaxy, the ULX is powered by a 105 $\, \mathrm{M}_\odot$ BH. Alternatively, if the BH mass is ≈106$\, \mathrm{M}_\odot$ or larger, the host galaxy of the ULX must have been heavily stripped during the merger. The ULX Ks-band luminosity is two orders of magnitude smaller than that expected from an ordinary active galactic nucleus with the observed [O iii] luminosity, which also suggests the ULX lacks a dusty torus. We discuss how these findings provide suggestive evidence that the ULX is hosting an IMBH.
Placement of C1 Lateral Mass Screw—Alternative Technique: 2-Dimensional Operative Video
Authors: Jha R Tushar , Dietz Nicholas , Dowlati Ehsan , Sandhu Faheem 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
This operative video demonstrates a C1 lateral mass instrumentation technique that is an alternative to the traditional Goel and Harms techniques.
1,2
The advantages of the alternative technique include minimized blood loss from the rich venous plexus surrounding the C2 dorsal root ganglia (DRG), avoidance and preservation of the C2 DRG, and placement of a robust fully threaded screw without risking neuralgia. These are discussed in detail and presented through a case of atlantoaxial instability. Patient's consent was obtained for creating this surgical video. The patient is a 50-yr-old woman with a 17-yr history of rheumatoid arthritis. She presented with 1 yr of neck pain that failed conservative measures. Flexion-extension radiographs demonstrated an atlantodental index (ADI) that reduced from 7 mm on flexion to 0 mm on extension. The patient underwent a C1-C2 posterior instrumented fusion using the alternative technique of C1 lateral mass instrumentation.
2
The steps of this technique are explained in great detail through a microsurgical video. The patient's postoperative course was uneventful. Postoperative radiographs and computed tomography (CT) scan demonstrated reduction of ADI and well-placed instrumentation and fusion construct. Her neck pain was completely resolved by 3 mo following surgical stabilization. In the senior author's experience with placing over 120 C1 lateral mass screws with this alternative technique, there have been no instances of vascular injury, sacrifice of C2 DRG, or instrumentation failure. The alternative technique for placement of C1 lateral mass screw is safe, efficient, and holds certain advantages in comparison to the traditionally described method.
Images within the video have been reproduced from AOSpine section of the AO Surgery Reference, www.aosurgery.org, with permission from AO Surgery. Copyright by AOSpine International, Switzerland; and reprinted from World Neurosurgery, 78(1-2), Kang MM et al, C2 Nerve Root Sectioning in Posterior C1-2 Instrumented Fusions, 170-177, Copyright 2012, with permission from Elsevier.