bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spike formation and seed setting of the main stem and tillers under post‐jointing drought in winter wheat
Authors: Lin Xiang , Li Ping , Shang Yunqiu , Liu Shuaikang , Wang Sen , Hu Xinhui , Wang Dong 
Published: August 2020

AbstractTo clarify the influence of post‐jointing drought on the ear‐bearing and seed‐setting characteristics of the main stem and tillers of winter wheat (Triticum aestivumL.), a pot experiment was conducted with cultivars “Shannong 29” (SN29) and “Heng 0628” (H0628), and five water regimes: mild drought (WR1) and severe drought (WR2) for 0–5 days after jointing, mild drought (WR3) and severe drought (WR4) for 0–10 days after jointing and adequate water supply as a control (CK). The present study focused on primary tillers (appear in the axils of main stem leaves: T1, T2, T3, T4, etc.), as well as on secondary tillers (appear from the bud in the axil of the prophyll: T10 and T20; appear in the axil of the first leaf of the primary tiller T1: T11). The yield components of tillers showed a downward trend with increasing tiller position and drought degree and duration, and the kernels per spike, single kernels weight and grain yield per spike of tillers T2, T3, T10 and T4 decreased more than those of the other tillers. These outcomes may be related to the spike developmental stages at the time of the drought period. Severe drought during the period from when the stamen primordium is first present (Waddington’s stage 4) to when the carpel extends around the three sides of the ovule (Waddington’s stage 5) significantly decreased the seed set of tillers, but short‐term (5 days) mild drought during this period and even a short‐term severe drought before Waddington’s stage 4 had little effect on the seed set of tillers. The ear‐bearing capacity of tillers was determined not only by the spike developmental stage, but also by the gap from the main stem and the competition of nutrition and space between tillers. Although the ear‐bearing rate of tillers T3 and T10 decreased rapidly after the short‐term mild drought, the increase in the ear‐bearing rate of tillers T20 and T11 effectively compensated for the loss of the number of spikes per plant. Therefore, the short‐term mild drought at the jointing stage had no significant effect on the grain yield of the two cultivars. The tillers T2, T3, T10 and T4 were sensitive to soil moisture in the jointing stage and had high plasticity. During this period, if timely irrigation improves soil moisture, it is expected to increase the ear‐bearing rate and seed set of these tillers, thereby increasing grain yield.
Sex‐related associations of high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol with aortic stiffness and endothelial glycocalyx integrity in treated hypertensive patients
Authors: Triantafyllidi Helen , Benas Dimitris , Schoinas Antonios , Varoudi Mary , Thymis John , Kostelli Gavriela , Birmpa Dionysia , Ikonomidis Ignatios 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSmoking, a well‐recognized major cardiovascular (CV) risk factor, impairs endothelial function and increases aortic stiffness which indicates subclinical organ damage in hypertensive patients. Loss of endothelial glycocalyx (EG) integrity, as part of the endothelium, represents endothelial dysfunction. The authors aimed to investigate the role of increased HDL cholesterol levels (HDL‐C), which usually are considered protective against CV disease, in aortic stiffness and endothelial integrity in middle‐aged treated hypertensive patients regarding smoking habit. The authors studied 193 treated hypertensive patients ≥40 years (mean age = 61±11 years, 58% females), divided in four groups regarding sex and smoking. Increased perfusion boundary region of the 5‐9 μm diameter sublingual arterial microvessels (PBR5‐9) was measured as a noninvasive accurate index of reduced EG thickness. Aortic stiffness was estimated by carotid‐femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV). In the whole population, an inverse weak relationship was found between HDL‐C and PWV (r = −.15, P = .03) and PBR5‐9 (ρ = −.15, P = .03). Moreover, HDL‐C was negatively related to PBR5‐9 in males (r = −.29, P = .008) either smokers (r = −.35, P < .05) or non‐smokers (r = −.27, P < .05) and PWV in female non‐smokers (r = −.28, P = .009). In a multiple linear regression analysis, using age, weight, smoking, HDL‐C, and LDL‐C as independent variables, we found that HDL‐C independently predicts PWV in the whole population (β = −.14, P = .02) and PBR5‐9 in male hypertensive patients (β = −.28, P = .01). Higher HDL‐C levels are associated with reduced aortic stiffness in hypertensive patients, while they protect EG and subsequently endothelial function in middle‐aged, treated hypertensive male patients (either smokers or not).
Practical recommendations for systemic treatment in psoriasis in case of coexisting inflammatory, neurologic, infectious or malignant disorders (BETA‐PSO: Belgian Evidence‐based Treatment Advice in Psoriasis; part 2)
Authors: Lambert J.L.W. , Segaert S. , Ghislain P.D. , Hillary T. , Nikkels A. , Willaert F. , Lambert J. , Speeckaert R. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundPsoriasis patients carry an increased risk for associated comorbidities. Dermatologists have to be aware of the effects of systemic treatments not only on psoriasis but also on co‐occurring diseases. In case of other coexisting inflammatory diseases, the right psoriasis treatment may improve both disorders. For infectious and malignant disorders, some treatments have to be avoided as they may be harmful.ObjectiveThe primary objective of this project was to collect evidence for the creation of practice guidelines for systemic treatment of psoriasis (BETA‐PSO: Belgian Evidence‐based Treatment Advice in Psoriasis).MethodsEvidence‐based recommendations were formulated using a quasi‐Delphi methodology after a systematic search of the literature and a consensus procedure involving eight psoriasis experts.ResultsRecommendations are given on the use of systemic treatment in psoriatic arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, demyelinating disorders, hepatitis B and C, HIV and cancer.ConclusionThis expert opinion is a practical guide for dermatologists when handling psoriasis patients with these specific conditions.
Risk of tuberculosis reactivation with interleukin (IL)‐17 and IL‐23 inhibitors in psoriasis – time for a paradigm change
Authors: Nogueira M. , Warren R.B. , Torres T. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractTuberculosis is an infectious disease with a major global impact, ranked in the top 10 mortality causes worldwide. In an immunocompetent individual, the host defence mechanisms control Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and induce the latent form of the disease. However, in the presence of diseases or therapies, which exert an immunosuppressive effect, latent tuberculosis can be re‐activated. Psoriasis is an immune‐mediated, inflammatory disease, and its treatment has rapidly evolved over the last few years. It has long been recognized that the tumour necrosis factor (TNF)‐α inhibitors are associated with increased risk of reactivation of latent tuberculosis infection. Thus, international guidelines have been suggesting tuberculosis screening before starting the treatment with all biological agents since then. In addition, the institution of chemoprophylaxis in the presence of latent tuberculosis and the annual screening for tuberculosis thereafter have also been indicated. However, anti‐tuberculosis treatments can have significant side‐effects and there are currently several contraindications to their use. The risk benefit of starting anti‐tuberculous treatment should be carefully weighed up. The emergence of new biological drugs for the treatment of psoriasis, such as interleukin (IL)‐17 and IL‐23 inhibitors, has reignited the subject of tuberculosis reactivation as it is possible that IL‐17 and 23 blockade do not carry the same risk of TB reactivation as TNF‐α inhibitors. Although preclinical studies have shown that cytokines IL‐17 and IL‐23 have a possible role against infection with M. tuberculosis, data from clinical trials and post‐marketing surveillance with drugs that inhibit these cytokines appear to suggest that they are not crucial to this response. In this article, we review the available data on tuberculosis reactivation after the treatment of psoriasis with IL‐17 and IL‐23 inhibitors, and its possible impact on the way we currently manage latent tuberculosis infection before or after starting treatment with these new drugs.
Using a Projection IRT Method for Vertical Scaling When Construct Shift Is Present
Authors: Strachan Tyler , Cho Uk Hyun , Kim Kyung Yong , Willse John T. , Chen Shyh‐Huei , Ip Edward H. , Ackerman Terry A. , Weeks Jonathan P. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn vertical scaling, results of tests from several different grade levels are placed on a common scale. Most vertical scaling methodologies rely heavily on the assumption that the construct being measured is unidimensional. In many testing situations, however, such an assumption could be problematic. For instance, the construct measured at one grade level may differ from that measured in another grade (e.g., construct shift). On the other hand, dimensions that involve low‐level skills are usually mastered by almost all students as they progress to higher grades. These types of changes in the multidimensional structure, within and across grades, create challenges for developing a vertical scale. In this article, we propose the use of projective IRT (PIRT) as a potential solution to the problem. Assuming that a test measures a primary dimension of substantive interest as well as some peripheral dimensions, the idea underlying PIRT is to integrate out the secondary dimensions such that the model provides both item parameters and ability estimates for the primary dimension. A simulation study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the PIRT as a method for vertical scaling. An example using empirical data from a measure of foundational reading skills is also presented.
Provider perceived barriers and facilitators to integrating routine outcome monitoring into practice in an urban community psychiatry clinic: A mixed‐methods quality improvement project
Authors: Van Wert Michael J. , Malik Mansoor , Memel Brenda , Moore Ryan , Buccino Daniel , Hackerman Florence , Kumari Suneeta , Everett Anita , Narrow William 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackground and AimsAlthough mental health clinics are under increasing pressure to demonstrate value and routine outcome monitoring (ROM) has become a mandated component of care, providers have been slow to adopt ROM into practice, with some estimating that less than 20% of mental health clinicians use it consistently in the United States. This article explores perceived barriers and facilitators to integrating ROM into practice among clinicians and administrators in a large urban US community psychiatry clinic.MethodOne hundred and thirty‐eight clinical and administrative staff were administered an anonymous web‐based survey to elicit attitudes towards ROM. Responses were summarized descriptively and qualitatively synthesized into a conceptual model using inductive thematic analysis.ResultsCommon barriers to integration included insufficient time to collect and/or use measures, not knowing what measures to use, measures being difficult to access, and insufficient training. Facilitators included increased access/ease of use, training and support, measure relevance/validity, and accountability.ConclusionsIn order for psychiatry clinics to successfully implement ROM into practice, they must diagnose organization‐side barriers and translate this knowledge into actionable quality improvement initiatives ranging from the infrastructural to the cultural.
Revascularization Versus Medical Therapy in Patients Aged 80 Years and Older with Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Phan Derek Q. , Rostomian Ara H. , Schweis Franz , Chung Joanie , Lin Bryan , Zadegan Ray , Lee Ming‐Sum 
Published: August 2020

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVESOlder patients are underrepresented in acute coronary syndrome clinical trials. We sought to evaluate the benefits of revascularization in patients aged 80 years and older presenting with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).DESIGNRetrospective study utilizing inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW).SETTINGSingle tertiary referral center for an integrated healthcare system in southern California.PARTICIPANTSPatients undergoing invasive coronary angiography for AMI between 2009 and 2019, and subsequently treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), or medical therapy alone.MEASUREMENTSAll‐cause mortality, nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI), and repeated revascularization.RESULTSA total of 1,433 patients aged 80 years or older (median age = 83.5 years; 66% male) presenting with AMI who underwent treatment with PCI (50%), CABG (12%), or medical therapy alone (38%) were included. Those treated with medical therapy were more likely to be Black, had one or more chronic total occlusions in any vessel, had more comorbidities, and had lower left ventricular ejection fraction. Baseline characteristics were well balanced after IPTW adjustment. Median follow‐up was 2.6 years. Revascularization (PCI or CABG) was associated with reduced mortality (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.66; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.60–0.73) and nonfatal MI (HR = 0.68; 95% CI = 0.58–0.78), but an increased need for repeated revascularization (HR = 1.60; 95% CI = 1.15–2.23). Separately comparing PCI or CABG alone versus medical therapy yielded similar results. Revascularization was associated with lower mortality in all subgroups, except in Black patients and those with prior CABG.CONCLUSIONRevascularization is superior to medical therapy in reducing all‐cause mortality and nonfatal MI in patients aged 80 years and older with AMI. Age alone should not preclude patients from potentially beneficial invasive therapies.
Novel concept for the epaxial/hypaxial boundary based on neuronal development
Authors: Nagashima Hiroshi , Koga Daisuke , Kusumi Satoshi , Mukaigasa Katsuki , Yaginuma Hiroyuki , Ushiki Tatsuo , Sato Noboru 
Published: August 2020

AbstractTrunk muscles in vertebrates are classified as either dorsal epaxial or ventral hypaxial muscles. Epaxial and hypaxial muscles are defined as muscles innervated by the dorsal and ventral rami of spinal nerves, respectively. Each cluster of spinal motor neurons passing through dorsal rami innervates epaxial muscles, whereas clusters traveling on the ventral rami innervate hypaxial muscles. Herein, we show that some motor neurons exhibiting molecular profiles for epaxial muscles follow a path in the ventral rami. Dorsal deep‐shoulder muscles and some body wall muscles are defined as hypaxial due to innervation via the ventral rami, but a part of these ventral rami has the molecular profile of motor neurons that innervate epaxial muscles. Thus, the epaxial and hypaxial boundary cannot be determined simply by the ramification pattern of spinal nerves. We propose that, although muscle innervation occurs via the ventral rami, dorsal deep‐shoulder muscles and some body wall muscles represent an intermediate group that lies between epaxial and hypaxial muscles.
Sexual health care in cancer patients: A survey of healthcare providers' knowledge, attitudes and barriers
Authors: Wazqar Dhuha Youssef 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAims and objectivesTo assess the knowledge and attitudes of healthcare providers regarding sexual health care in cancer patients in Saudi Arabia and explore possible barriers influencing their attitudes.BackgroundA growing body of research emphasises the importance of healthcare providers addressing the sexual problems of cancer patients. The literature, however, shows that cancer treatment‐related sexual problems are not frequently discussed by healthcare providers as expected. In Saudi Arabia, sexual health care in oncology daily practice has not been addressed sufficiently.MethodsA cross‐sectional correlational study was conducted with a convenience sample of 150 healthcare providers from a university teaching and referral hospital providing cancer and palliative care in Jeddah City, Saudi Arabia. The study methods were compliant with the STROBE checklist. Data were collected by Sexual Healthcare Attitudes and Knowledge survey. Descriptive and inferential statistics and Pearson's correlations were performed. A content analysis was used to enhance understanding and support study's findings.ResultsParticipants had a poor knowledge related to sexual health care in cancer patients, and the low mean attitudes score also represents negative attitudes and higher levels of barriers. Participants had insufficient knowledge about assessment and evaluation of sexual health in cancer patients, and did not know about sexual dysfunction resulting from cancer and its treatment. Knowledge and attitudes had a significantly positive correlation.ConclusionThe study findings indicate there is room for improvement in the sexual health‐related knowledge among oncology nurses, doctors and radiation oncologists. Helping healthcare providers overcome barriers to discussing cancer patients' sexual issues needs a careful evaluation of the knowledge, attitudes and barriers that keep them from discussing such issues.Relevance to clinical practiceIt is imperative to improve healthcare providers' sexuality knowledge about cancer patients through introducing sexual health‐based continuing education programmes, availability of resources (educational materials and clinical checklists) and training in oncology daily practice.
Sexuality amongst heterosexual men with morbid obesity in a bariatric surgery programme: A qualitative study
Authors: Granero‐Molina José , Torrente‐Sánchez María José , Ferrer‐Márquez Manuel , Hernández‐Padilla José Manuel , Ruiz‐Muelle Alicia , López‐Entrambasaguas Olga María , Fernández‐Sola Cayetano 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAim and ObjectivesTo describe and understand the experiences of sexuality amongst heterosexual men diagnosed with morbid obesity (MO) who are in a bariatric surgery programme.BackgroundMorbid obesity is a chronic metabolic disease that affects men’s physical, psychological and sexual health. Evidence suggests that MO could be linked to anxiety, depression, low self‐esteem, sexual life and social disorders. Bariatric surgery is a reliable method for weight loss in patients with MO.DesignThis is a qualitative study based on Merleau‐Ponty’s phenomenology, and the COREQ checklist was employed to report on the current study.MethodsConvenience and purposive sampling was carried out and included 24 in‐depth interviews with heterosexual men with MO in a bariatric surgery programme between October 2018–March 2019 in Spain.ResultsTwo main themes emerged from the analysis: (a) a corporality which is judged and condemned; and (b) adapting sexual practices to bariatric surgery.ConclusionsMen with MO reject a body that limits their physical, social and sexual life. A negative body image and low self‐esteem, which do not respond to the traditional masculine role or new masculinities, reduce men's self‐concept. Men with MO feel rejection, stigma and isolation. Support from their partner is fundamental to adapt.Relevance to clinical practiceThe results of the study draw attention to how heterosexual men with MO experience their sexuality in a bariatric surgery programme and the challenges nurses face. Recognising the problem, helping to develop coping strategies or referring to specialists in sexuality could improve the quality of life in patients and their partners.
Biochemical and molecular investigation of oxidative stress associated with urolithiasis induced by increased dietary calcium or protein in chickens
Authors: El Sebaei Mahmoud G. , Arafat Nagah , El‐Shafei Reham A. , El‐Adl Mohamed A. , Farag Amany , Aziza Abeer E. , Eladl Abdelfattah H. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis study was carried out to evaluate the effects of induced urolithiasis by high dietary calcium (Ca) or protein levels on biochemical analyte levels, redox status, selected inflammatory cytokines and histopathology in chickens. A total of 90 one‐day‐old white Hy‐Line chicks were fed basal control diets containing 20% crude protein (CP) and 1% Ca until they reached 44 days of age. After that, the birds were divided into three groups (30 birds per group). All management factors (light, temperature, ventilation, stock density and diet) were identical among the three groups throughout the study except for the dietary Ca and protein percentages. Group I was fed a control diet containing 20% CP and 1% Ca, group II was fed a high‐Ca diet containing 5% Ca, and group III was fed a high‐protein diet containing 25% CP. Our findings clearly demonstrated that dietary imbalance (caused by high‐Ca or high‐CP levels) per se in chickens was physiologically harmful, as it was accompanied by post‐mortem lesions; biochemical, redox status and histopathological alterations; and upregulation of inflammatory cytokines (interleukin (IL)‐1β and IL‐6). In particular, the birds fed the high‐Ca diet clearly exhibited the most obvious alterations in most of the endpoints. In conclusion, this study constitutes the first extensive investigation of the effects of high‐Ca or high‐protein diets induced urolithiasis on growth performance, redox status, inflammatory cytokine levels and pathological characterization in chickens.
Local and systemic levels of aMMP‐8 in gingivitis and stage 3 grade C periodontitis
Authors: Keles Yucel Zeynep Pinar , Afacan Beral , Emingil Gulnur , Tervahartiala Taina , Kose Timur , Sorsa Timo 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe ObjectiveThis study aimed to analyze active matrix metalloproteinase (aMMP‐8) levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), saliva and serum in the context of new criteria of gingivitis and stage 3 grade C periodontitis.The BackgroundPeriodontal disease is an inflammatory process that can result in tooth loss and also is considered a modifying factor for systemic health. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‐8 is the major collagenase of periodontal tissue breakdown.MethodsTotally 83 systemically healthy and non‐smoker individuals consisting of 23 periodontally healthy, 20 gingivitis and 40 stage 3 periodontitis, were recruited to the study. Clinical periodontal examinations of probing depth (PD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), gingival index (GI), plaque index (PI) and bleeding on probing (BOP) were recorded; and GCF, saliva and serum samples were obtained. aMMP‐8 was measured by immunofluorometric assay (IFMA).ResultsGCF and serum aMMP‐8 levels were significantly increased in periodontitis and gingivitis compared to healthy ones (P < .001), whereas gingivitis and periodontitis patients showed similar levels of aMMP‐8 in GCF and serum (P > .05). Saliva levels of aMMP‐8 were higher in periodontitis patients than both gingivitis and healthy individuals (P < .001). There was no significant difference in salivary aMMP‐8 levels between gingivitis group and healthy controls (P > .05).ConclusionThese findings support the involvement of aMMP‐8 in periodontal diseases and suggest that its local and systemic levels can reflect stage 3 grade C periodontitis. Moreover, aMMP‐8 in GCF and serum seems to have a potential to differentiate between gingivitis and periodontal health.