bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intracerebroventricular delivery of vascular endothelial growth factor in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, a phase I study
Authors: Van Damme Philip , Tilkin Petra , Mercer Katarina Jansson , Terryn Joke , D’Hondt Ann , Herne Nina , Tousseyn Thomas , Claeys Kristl G , Thal Dietmar R , Zachrisson Olof , Almqvist Per , Nuttin Bart , Jerling Markus , Bernadotte Folke , Haegerstrand Anders , Robberecht Wim 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We studied the feasibility, safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetics of intracerebroventricular delivery of recombinant human vascular endothelial growth factor in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. In this phase I study in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, the study drug was delivered using an implantable programmable pump connected to a catheter inserted in the frontal horn of the lateral cerebral ventricle. A first cohort received open label vascular endothelial growth factor (0.2, 0.8 and 2 µg/day), a second cohort received placebo, 0.8 or 2 µg/day of study dug. After the 3-month study period, all patients could participate in an open label extension study. In total, 18 patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, seen at the University Hospitals in Leuven were included. The surgical procedure was well tolerated in most patients. One patient had transient postoperative seizures, due to an ischemic lesion along the catheter tract. The first 3-month study period was completed by 15/18 patients. Administration of 2 µg/day vascular endothelial growth factor resulted in sustained detectable levels in cerebrospinal fluid. A pulmonary embolus occurred in 3 patients, in 1 patient in the first 3-month study, and in 2 patients during the open label extension study. The study drug was well tolerated in the other patients, for up to 6 years in the open label extension study. Our study shows that intracerebroventricular administration of 2 µg/day of vascular endothelial growth factor to patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is feasible, results in detectable cerebrospinal fluid levels and is well tolerated in most patients. The most common serious adverse event was a pulmonary embolus.
Microelimination of Hepatitis C Among People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Coinfection: Declining Incidence and Prevalence Accompanying a Multicenter Treatment Scale-up Trial
Authors: Doyle Joseph S , van Santen Daniela K , Iser David , Sasadeusz Joe , O’Reilly Mark , Harney Brendan , Traeger Michael W , Roney Janine , Cutts Julia C , Bowring Anna L , Winter Rebecca , Medland Nick , Fairley Christopher K , Moore Richard , Tee B K , Asselin Jason , El-Hayek Carol , Hoy Jennifer F , Matthews Gail V , Prins Maria , Stoové Mark A , Hellard Margaret E 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Background
Gay and bisexual men (GBM) are a key population affected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) coinfection. We aimed to measure HCV treatment effectiveness and to determine the population impact of treatment scale-up on HCV prevalence and incidence longitudinally among GBM.

Methods
The co-EC Study (Enhancing Care and Treatment Among HCV/HIV Coinfected Individuals to Eliminate Hepatitis C Transmission) was an implementation trial providing HCV direct-acting antiviral treatment in Melbourne, Australia, during 2016–2018. Individuals with HCV/HIV coinfection were prospectively enrolled from primary and tertiary care services. HCV viremic prevalence and HCV antibody/viremic incidence were measured using a statewide, linked, surveillance system.

Results
Among 200 participants recruited, 186 initiated treatment during the study period. Sustained virological response in primary care (98% [95% confidence interval {CI}, 93%–100%]) was not different to tertiary care (98% [95% CI, 86%–100%]). From 2012 to 2019, between 2434 and 3476 GBM with HIV infection attended our primary care sites annually, providing 13 801 person-years of follow-up; 50%–60% received an HCV test annually, and 10%–14% were anti-HCV positive. Among those anti-HCV positive, viremic prevalence declined 83% during the study (54% in 2016 to 9% in 2019). HCV incidence decreased 25% annually from 1.7/100 person-years in 2012 to 0.5/100 person-years in 2019 (incidence rate ratio, 0.75 [95% CI, .68–.83]; P &lt; .001).

Conclusions
High treatment effectiveness by nonspecialists demonstrates the feasibility of treatment scale-up in this population. Substantial declines in HCV incidence and prevalence among GBM provides proof-of-concept for HCV microelimination.

Clinical Trials Registration
NCT02786758.
Amino Acids Whose Intracellular Levels Change Most During Aging Alter Chronological Life Span of Fission Yeast
Authors: Rallis Charalampos , Mülleder Michael , Smith Graeme , Au Yan Zi , Ralser Markus , Bähler Jürg 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAmino acid deprivation or supplementation can affect cellular and organismal life span, but we know little about the role of concentration changes in free, intracellular amino acids during aging. Here, we determine free amino acid levels during chronological aging of nondividing fission yeast cells. We compare wild-type with long-lived mutant cells that lack the Pka1 protein of the protein kinase A signalling pathway. In wild-type cells, total amino acid levels decrease during aging, but much less so in pka1 mutants. Two amino acids strongly change as a function of age: glutamine decreases, especially in wild-type cells, while aspartate increases, especially in pka1 mutants. Supplementation of glutamine is sufficient to extend the chronological life span of wild-type but not of pka1Δ cells. Supplementation of aspartate, on the other hand, shortens the life span of pka1Δ but not of wild-type cells. Our results raise the possibility that certain amino acids are biomarkers of aging, and their concentrations during aging can promote or limit cellular life span.
Getting the right message: a content analysis and application of the health literacy INDEX tool to online HIV resources in Australia
Authors: Gray Corie , Crawford Gemma , Lobo Roanna , Maycock Bruce 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Health literacy is considered by some as a determinant of health. Research suggests that different levels of health literacy may be associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) knowledge and behaviour, including willingness to test. This study assessed the health literacy demands of existing Australia HIV prevention resources available online using a health literacy assessment and content analysis. Two reviewers assessed 66 resources using the Health Literacy INDEX. Sixty-one (92%) scored below 50%, with an average score of 35.5%. A coding frame was developed to conduct a content analysis of the resources excluding videos, multiple webpages and booklets (n = 52). We coded for six categories of knowledge: HIV knowledge (100% of resources), transmission (96%), acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) knowledge (88%), testing (87%), consequence of infection (85%) and prevention (77%). We found that resources required a reading grade above grade 8, and very few resources considered audience appropriateness. There were missed opportunities to encourage HIV prevention or testing. Some resources used incorrect language to refer towards people living with HIV, and transmission and prevention messages were often inconsistent. Guidelines for developing HIV prevention resources are warranted to improve health literacy, accessibility and appropriateness of resources and ensure consistent messages and framing of HIV risk.
Low-pass whole genome bisulfite sequencing of neonatal dried blood spots identifies a role for RUNX1 in Down syndrome DNA methylation profiles
Authors: Laufer Benjamin I , Hwang Hyeyeon , Jianu Julia M , Mordaunt Charles E , Korf Ian F , Hertz-Picciotto Irva , LaSalle Janine M 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Neonatal dried blood spots (NDBS) are a widely banked sample source that enables retrospective investigation into early life molecular events. Here, we performed low-pass whole genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) of 86 NDBS DNA to examine early life Down syndrome (DS) DNA methylation profiles. DS represents an example of genetics shaping epigenetics, as multiple array-based studies have demonstrated that trisomy 21 is characterized by genome-wide alterations to DNA methylation. By assaying over 24 million CpG sites, thousands of genome-wide significant (q &lt; 0.05) differentially methylated regions (DMRs) that distinguished DS from typical development and idiopathic developmental delay were identified. Machine learning feature selection refined these DMRs to 22 loci. The DS DMRs mapped to genes involved in neurodevelopment, metabolism, and transcriptional regulation. Based on comparisons with previous DS methylation studies and reference epigenomes, the hypermethylated DS DMRs were significantly (q &lt; 0.05) enriched across tissues while the hypomethylated DS DMRs were significantly (q &lt; 0.05) enriched for blood-specific chromatin states. A ~28 kb block of hypermethylation was observed on chromosome 21 in the RUNX1 locus, which encodes a hematopoietic transcription factor whose binding motif was the most significantly enriched (q &lt; 0.05) overall and specifically within the hypomethylated DMRs. Finally, we also identified DMRs that distinguished DS NDBS based on the presence or absence of congenital heart disease (CHD). Together, these results not only demonstrate the utility of low-pass WGBS on NDBS samples for epigenome-wide association studies, but also provide new insights into the early life mechanisms of epigenomic dysregulation resulting from trisomy 21.
Marine recreational fisheries — current state and future opportunities
Authors: Hyder Kieran , Maravelias Christos D , Kraan Marloes , Radford Zachary , Prellezo Raul 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Marine recreational fisheries (MRF) have important social and economic benefits, but can impact fish stocks and the environment. The diverse and dispersed nature of these fisheries makes them challenging to study; a lack of data has made it more difficult to include them in fisheries management and the varied motivations of fishers makes their response to management measures hard to predict. Research into MRF is growing rapidly, so this themed article set aims to bring together MRF research to highlight the current evidence base and identify future opportunities. New survey methods were presented alongside analyses of existing data, which highlighted issues with methods, reconstruction of missing data, and factors influencing catch and effort. The manuscripts demonstrated the biological and economic impacts of MRF, and its self-subsidizing nature was recognized. Novel approaches for management, including improving compliance, were identified. Finally, the lack of funding for MRF was highlighted. Key research gaps are: governance that embeds MRF in fisheries management; integration of novel approaches and traditional surveys; risk-based approaches to identify impacts; understanding fish welfare; management that balances economic, social, and biological impacts and allows allocation between sectors; and understanding social benefits and their impacts on management and compliance.
Pointwise Inequalities for Sobolev Functions on Outward Cuspidal Domains
Authors: Eriksson-Bique Sylvester , Koskela Pekka , Malý Jan , Zhu Zheng 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe show that the 1st-order Sobolev spaces $W^{1,p}(\Omega _\psi ),$$1&lt;p\leq \infty ,$ on cuspidal symmetric domains $\Omega _\psi $ can be characterized via pointwise inequalities. In particular, they coincide with the Hajłasz–Sobolev spaces $M^{1,p}(\Omega _\psi )$.
Cross-ratio Dynamics on Ideal Polygons
Authors: Arnold Maxim , Fuchs Dmitry , Izmestiev Ivan , Tabachnikov Serge 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Two ideal polygons, $(p_1,\ldots ,p_n)$ and $(q_1,\ldots ,q_n)$, in the hyperbolic plane or in hyperbolic space are said to be $\alpha $-related if the cross-ratio $[p_i,p_{i+1},q_i,q_{i+1}] = \alpha $ for all $i$ (the vertices lie on the projective line, real or complex, respectively). For example, if $\alpha = -1$, the respective sides of the two polygons are orthogonal. This relation extends to twisted ideal polygons, that is, polygons with monodromy, and it descends to the moduli space of Möbius-equivalent polygons. We prove that this relation, which is generically a 2-2 map, is completely integrable in the sense of Liouville. We describe integrals and invariant Poisson structures and show that these relations, with different values of the constants $\alpha $, commute, in an appropriate sense. We investigate the case of small-gons and describe the exceptional ideal pentagons and hexagons that possess infinitely many $\alpha $-related polygons.
Domesticating Gay Apps: An Intersectional Analysis of the Use of Blued Among Chinese Gay Men
Authors: Miao Weishan , Chan Lik Sam 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDrawing on domestication theory and intersectionality theory, this study explores the multiple roles dating apps play in Chinese gay men’s lives amid changing personal and social circumstances. We present in-depth narratives of three Blued users from different generations and classes with unique relationship statuses. The app’s geo-locative features strengthened the gay capital of our younger participant but threatened our middle-aged, closeted participant. Although coming from a homophobic generation, our senior participant had no issue becoming an online celebrity on the app because his wife had passed away, pointing out the intersectional influence of generational and relational backgrounds. Our participants’ socio-economic positions also shaped whom they would interact with on Blued and how these interactions took place. These observations illustrate the relationship between users’ intersectional positions and their domestication of Blued, complementing existing dating app studies that skew toward younger users and focus only on certain elements of app use.
Between Script and Ornament: Delftware Decorated with Pseudo-Chinese Characters, 1680–1720
Authors: van Noord Willemijn 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In the late seventeenth century, Dutch Delftware manufacturers developed refined ceramics with an entirely new decoration of pseudo-Chinese characters. The application of this extraordinary design did not replicate Chinese porcelain examples and today it is usually dismissed as made up and meaningless. However, illegible script—be it foreign or ‘pseudo’—in any form of art has, if not a specific semantic meaning, a certain agency to evoke particular spheres of authenticity and remoteness and therefore deserves further investigation. Moreover, closer examination of these decorations and their sources of inspiration—both Dutch and Chinese, ceramic and print—reveals that there is a wide spectrum of authenticity and intentionality that ranges between script that appears to have been invented and symbols that show resemblance to actual Chinese characters. This article focusses on the transfer and reinterpretation of script as a decorative design, and how the presence of characters negotiates the relationship between Delftware and Chinese porcelain. By comparing the pseudo-characters on Delftware to pseudo-scripts on other materials, the function of pseudo-script as a design and its relationship to materiality is explored. As characters were appropriated and applied in different contexts, their connotations swayed between Chineseness and foreignness, script and ornament.
Occurrence and molecular identification of zoonotic microsporidia in pet budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus) in Turkey
Authors: Pekmezci Didem , Yetismis Gamze , Esin Cagatay , Duzlu Onder , Colak Zeynep Nurselin , Inci Abdullah , Pekmezci Gokmen Zafer , Yildirim Alparslan 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Encephalitozoon spp. and Enterocytozoon bieneusi are well-known microsporidian pathogens, recently classified as fungi, infecting humans and reptiles, mammals, and birds. Budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulates) are the most preferred captive pet birds in the households. Prevalence and molecular data on microsporidian species in budgerigars are scarce worldwide. The aim of the present study was to investigate the occurrence and genotypes of Encephalitozoon spp. and E. bieneusi in budgerigars, and to reveal their zoonotic potential. A total of 143 fecal samples were collected from owned healthy budgerigars in Turkey. Encephalitozoon spp. and E. bieneusi were examined by nested PCR targeting the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and sequenced for identifying Encephalitozoon spp. and E. bieneusi. The overall prevalence of E. hellem and E. bieneusi was 14.7% (21/143) and 3.5% (5/143), respectively. Two genotypes of E. hellem were identified, including one known 1A (n = 18) and a novel TURK1B (n = 3). In addition, we determined two E. bieneusi genotypes, including one known N (n = 2) and a novel TURKM1 (n = 3). E. hellem 1A and novel TURK1B clustered as a sister taxon, and genotype N and novel TURKM1 genotypes fall into group 2 of E. bieneusi in the phylogenetic tree. Novel genotypes of E. hellem and E. bieneusi were described for the first time in the avian host. Moreover, E. bieneusi genotype N was first detected in avian hosts in the present study. This study contributes to the current knowledge on the molecular epidemiology and transmission dynamics of E. hellem and E. bieneusi.
Reanalyses of the sunspot observations of Fogelius and Siverus: two ‘long-term’ observers during the Maunder minimum
Authors: Hayakawa Hisashi , Iju Tomoya , Uneme Shoma , Besser Bruno P , Kosaka Shunsuke , Imada Shinsuke 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT
The solar activity during the Maunder minimum (MM; 1645–1715) has been considered significantly different from the one captured in modern observations, in terms of sunspot group number and sunspot positions, whereas its actual amplitudes and distributions are still under active discussions. In its core period (1650/1660–1700), Martin Fogelius and Heinrich Siverus have formed significant long-term series in the existing data bases. With numerous spotless days, they have been considered as the 13th and 7th most active observers before the end of the MM. In this study, we have analysed their original archival records, revised their data, have removed significant contaminations of the apparent ‘spotless days’ in the existing data bases, and cast caveats on the potential underestimation of the solar-cycle amplitude in the core MM. Still, they reported at best one sunspot group throughout their observational period and confirm the significantly suppressed solar cycles during the MM. This is also supported from the contemporary observations of Hook and Willoughby, analysed in this study. Based on their revised data, we have also derived positions of notable sunspot groups, which Siverus recorded in 1671 (≈N7.5° ± 2.5°), in comparison with those of Cassini's drawings (≈N10° ± 1°). Their coincidence in position and chronology in corrected dates indicates these sunspot groups were probably the same recurrent active region (AR) and its lifespan was significantly long (≥35 d) even during the MM.
Extinction-free Census of AGNs in the AKARI/IRC North Ecliptic Pole Field from 23-band infrared photometry from Space Telescopes
Authors: Wang Ting-Wen , Goto Tomotsugu , Kim Seong Jin , Hashimoto Tetsuya , Burgarella Denis , Toba Yoshiki , Shim Hyunjin , Miyaji Takamitsu , Hwang Ho Seong , Jeong Woong-Seob , Kim Eunbin , Ikeda Hiroyuki , Pearson Chris , Malkan Matthew , Oi Nagisa , Santos Daryl Joe D , Małek Katarzyna , Pollo Agnieszka , Ho Simon C-C , Matsuhara Hideo , On Alvina Y L , Kim Helen K , Hsiao Tiger Yu-Yang , Huang Ting-Chi 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT
In order to understand the interaction between the central black hole and the whole galaxy or their co-evolution history along with cosmic time, a complete census of active galactic nucleus (AGN) is crucial. However, AGNs are often missed in optical, UV, and soft X-ray observations since they could be obscured by gas and dust. A mid-infrared (MIR) survey supported by multiwavelength data is one of the best ways to find obscured AGN activities because it suffers less from extinction. Previous large IR photometric surveys, e.g. Wide field Infrared Survey Explorer and Spitzer, have gaps between the MIR filters. Therefore, star-forming galaxy-AGN diagnostics in the MIR were limited. The AKARI satellite has a unique continuous nine-band filter coverage in the near to MIR wavelengths. In this work, we take advantage of the state-of-the-art spectral energy distribution modelling software, cigale, to find AGNs in MIR. We found 126 AGNs in the North Ecliptic Pole-Wide field with this method. We also investigate the energy released from the AGN as a fraction of the total IR luminosity of a galaxy. We found that the AGN contribution is larger at higher redshifts for a given IR luminosity. With the upcoming deep IR surveys, e.g. JWST, we expect to find more AGNs with our method.
Redundant-baseline calibration of the hydrogen epoch of reionization array
Authors: Dillon Joshua S , Lee Max , Ali Zaki S , Parsons Aaron R , Orosz Naomi , Nunhokee Chuneeta Devi , La Plante Paul , Beardsley Adam P , Kern Nicholas S , Abdurashidova Zara , Aguirre James E , Alexander Paul , Balfour Yanga , Bernardi Gianni , Billings Tashalee S , Bowman Judd D , Bradley Richard F , Bull Phil , Burba Jacob , Carey Steve , Carilli Chris L , Cheng Carina , DeBoer David R , Dexter Matt , de Lera Acedo Eloy , Ely John , Ewall-Wice Aaron , Fagnoni Nicolas , Fritz Randall , Furlanetto Steven R , Gale-Sides Kingsley , Glendenning Brian , Gorthi Deepthi , Greig Bradley , Grobbelaar Jasper , Halday Ziyaad , Hazelton Bryna J , Hewitt Jacqueline N , Hickish Jack , Jacobs Daniel C , Julius Austin , Kerrigan Joshua , Kittiwisit Piyanat , Kohn Saul A , Kolopanis Matthew , Lanman Adam , Lekalake Telalo , Lewis David , Liu Adrian , Ma Yin-Zhe , MacMahon David , Malan Lourence , Malgas Cresshim , Maree Matthys , Martinot Zachary E , Matsetela Eunice , Mesinger Andrei , Molewa Mathakane , Morales Miguel F , Mosiane Tshegofalang , Murray Steven , Neben Abraham R , Nikolic Bojan , Pascua Robert , Patra Nipanjana , Pieterse Samantha , Pober Jonathan C , Razavi-Ghods Nima , Ringuette Jon , Robnett James , Rosie Kathryn , Santos Mario G , Sims Peter , Smith Craig , Syce Angelo , Tegmark Max , Thyagarajan Nithyanandan , Williams Peter K G , Zheng Haoxuan 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT
In 21-cm cosmology, precision calibration is key to the separation of the neutral hydrogen signal from very bright but spectrally smooth astrophysical foregrounds. The Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array (HERA), an interferometer specialized for 21-cm cosmology and now under construction in South Africa, was designed to be largely calibrated using the self-consistency of repeated measurements of the same interferometric modes. This technique, known as redundant-baseline calibration resolves most of the internal degrees of freedom in the calibration problem. It assumes, however, on antenna elements with identical primary beams placed precisely on a redundant grid. In this work, we review the detailed implementation of the algorithms enabling redundant-baseline calibration and report results with HERA data. We quantify the effects of real-world non-redundancy and how they compare to the idealized scenario in which redundant measurements differ only in their noise realizations. Finally, we study how non-redundancy can produce spurious temporal structure in our calibration solutions – both in data and in simulations – and present strategies for mitigating that structure.