bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estratégias de uma pesquisa sobre culturas indígenas: o uso do WhatsApp como recurso para produção de dados
Authors: Heimbach Nilva 
Published: July 2020

O artigo propõe argumentar sobre o uso do recurso WhatsApp como ferramenta possível para pesquisa em educação. Apresenta os passos percorridos em uma investigação sobre culturas indígenas na Disciplina de Arte, obrigatória em decorrência da Lei 11.645/2008. Constata-se que o recurso é apropriado para produção de dados, por oportunizar a comunicação sincrônica ou assincrônica, favorecendo o diálogo com os entrevistados em tempos e espaços diferenciados, proporcionando que pesquisador e sujeitos da pesquisa estejam em campo em momentos distintos. O recurso tecnológico possibilitou discutir as percepções dos professores de Arte, suas propostas e as dificuldades encontradas com o tema culturas indígenas.
Effectiveness of the social communication emotional regulation and transactional support (SCERTS) model based intervention in language development and fostering social communication in children with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Fiaz Hafsa , Rehman Atia Ur 
Published: July 2020

Background: Social Communication Emotional Regulation Transactional Support (SCERTS) model is based on studies and has manuals for assessing children and designing individual treatment plans. However, limited research has been done to evaluate the efficacy of this model. This study attempts to evaluate the impact of SCERTS model-based intervention on children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in Lahore with the objective to determine the usefulness of SCERTS in promoting language development and improvement in social skills in children with ASD.
Patients and methods: This quasi experimental study was conducted at Roots and Wings autism center, located in Bahria Town Lahore, for the duration of nine months. Children with formal diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder, with age range of 3 years to 6 years old. Prior to intervention and subsequently after that, the children were evaluated with the portage checklist in the domain of language and socialization skills.
Results: Participating children demonstrated improvement in their language and social skills after the intervention, as assessed by portage.
Conclusion: SCERTS based intervention can facilitate children with autism spectrum disorder to improve their language and social communication skills.
Functional outcome of manipulation under anaesthesia for the treatment of frozen shoulder
Authors: Arfat Yasir , Anwer Muhammad Umer , Imdad Maria , Usmani Faheem Ahmad , Imdad Sana , Rizwan Shazia , Shafiq Zahid 
Published: July 2020

Background: Frozen shoulder is defined as painful progressive loss of shoulder movements with unknown etiology. It is a self-limiting disease with the natural history of 18-30 months but with residual pain and restriction of shoulder movement. Its incidence is 2-5%. Various treatment modalities include benign neglect, physical therapy, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications, oral glucocorticoids, distention arthrography, intra articular steroid injections, closed manipulation under anaesthesia (MUA) and arthroscopic release of joint capsule. MUA regarding pain control and range of motion is safe, yields immediate results and is very cost effective. The purpose of this study was to ascertain the functional outcome of manipulation under anaesthesia and physiotherapy for the treatment of frozen shoulder in term of safety, cost effectiveness and immediate results.
Patients and Methods: In the 6 months study period, 50 patients with adhesive capsulitis were included by non-probability purposive sampling. Manipulation of shoulders was done under general anaesthesia and after the MUA intra articular injection of a mixture of corticosteroid and local anaesthetic was injected. Postoperatively, all patients underwent physiotherapy. Functional outcome was measured using Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) preoperatively and postoperatively at 1st, 2nd and 3rd week follow up.
Results: Out of 50 patients, 32 (64%) were females and 18 (36%) were males having female to male ratio of 1.8:1. Average age was 51 years and average duration of symptoms preceding to MUA was 4 months and 27 days. The average pain score decreased from 92.52% to 18.08% and the average disability score reduced from 95% to 17.10%, both at 3rd week postoperative follow up. There were no procedure-related complications.
Conclusion: Manipulation under anaesthesia along with physiotherapy diminishes pain and disability, improves range of motion and expedites early recovery of function in patients having frozen shoulder.
Risk factors associated with early variceal rebleed after endoscopic variceal band ligation in cirrhotic Hepatitis B and C patients with variceal bleed
Authors: Nasrullah Atif , Kashif Muhammad , Nasrullah Haris , Saddiqiui Arif Mahmood 
Published: July 2020

Background: Chronic liver disease is endemic in Pakistan with esophageal variceal bleeding as one of the important complications and is treated with EVBL. The early esophageal variceal rebleeding is one of the ignored factors which carries the high mortality and morbidity.
Patients and methods: This case-control study was conducted in the Gastroenterology Department at Jinnah Hospital, Lahore, from February 2016 to February 2017. The Study included total 100 patients and out of these 50 were rebleeding cases while 50 were controls (without esophageal rebleed). Cases and control were matched for age, sex, Presence of hepatitis B and C and cirrhosis. The endoscopic findings of any active bleed and white nipple sign was recorded.
Results: In this study, association of risk factors for prediction of early variceal rebleed after banding in cirrhotic hepatitis b and c patients with variceal bleed was recorded as 58%(n=29) in cases and 12%(n=6) for active bleeding, O.R was 10.12, 68%(n=34) in cases and 14%(n=7) in controls had nipple sign, O.R was 13.05, Hb level <9 g/dl was recorded in 88%(n=44) in cases and 40%(n=20) in controls, O.R 11.00, PT>18 sec was recorded in 96%(n=48) in cases and 4%(n=2) in controls, O.R was 576.00.
Conclusion: Active bleeding and nipple sign, Hb level < 9 g/dl and PT > 18 sec are found to have strong association for prediction of early variceal rebleed after EVBL in cirrhotic hepatitis B and C patients.
Insight into strategies adopted by the residents who passed exit fellowship examination in first few attempts
Authors: Ali Khan Humera Zafar , Ahmad Amina , Ashar Abid , Mahmood Hamid 
Published: July 2020

Background: The residents who pass exit fellowship examination in few attempts adopt certain strategies for early success. The lived experiences of residents passing FCPS final examination in few attempts, barriers to success and strategies to overcome those barriers were studied.
Participants and methodology: This phenomenological research study was conducted at Services Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan from June 2015 to May 2017. Purposeful snowball sampling was done. Eleven residents who passed their Final FCPS examination in few attempts, in the last 15 years were included in the study. Semi-structured open-ended interview of the residents was audio-recorded and transcribed. Three themes of helpful factors, barriers encountered and suggestions to overcome those barriers to get through the final FCPS examination and the emerging sub-themes were analyzed and textural and structural description were assigned.
Results: Three themes were based on the aim of study and their related emerging sub-themes were found. The helpful factors included self-directed learning, peer assisted learning, interactive educational environment, rehearsal and self-determination. Barriers encountered were related to learning difficulties, competing responsibilities and physical and emotional burnout. Lastly, suggestions to overcome the barriers were use of multiple technology based learning strategies, developing self-confidence and self-efficacy together with prioritization of emotional and physical wellbeing.
Conclusions: This study found that self-regulation and internal motivation were important strategies for success in the FCPS exit examination. Barriers can be overcome through technology based learning and increased self-efficacy and prioritizing physical and emotional wellbeing.
Predictive value of CA 19-9 in patients with pancreatic tumours
Authors: Abrar Faiza , Riaz Adnan , Sultana Kaukab , Khawaja Tariq Feroz 
Published: July 2020

Background: Pancreatic carcinoma is a disease with high modality and has a high incidence of recurrence after surgical resection. The prognosis depends on early diagnosis and treatment. Numerous international studies have reported use of CA 19-9 in diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. We planned this study to validate role of CA 19-9 in our local population. The objective of this study is to correlate raised serum CA 19-9 levels in patients with pancreatic tumours to distinguish between benign and malignant pancreatic disease.
Subjects and methods: The present study is a validation study. Thirty-five patients with diagnosis of pancreatic tumor on radiological imaging were included after their informed consent. Data collection forms were filled, blood samples were taken and serum CA 19-9 was estimated by ELISA in Biochemistry department, SIMS. Histopathology samples were collected at time of surgical resection, sent to pathology departments of respective hospitals and histopathological reports collected. All data was collected and analysed by using descriptive method. The study was conducted in Biochemistry department of PGMI and SIMS, Lahore from May 2015 till June 2016.
Results: Out of 35 patients, nineteen (54.3%) were female and sixteen (45.7%) were male. Thirty [85.7%] patients were between third to seventh decades of their life. The mean age range around 47.28. Thirty-four patients had malignant tumor and 1 benign on histopathology. CA 19-9 was raised (>37 U/ml) in 33 out of 34 patients with malignant pathology. The patient with benign pathology had CA 19-9 level <37U/ml (the cut off value). Head of pancreas was the commonest site in 32 patients (65%) for tumour occurrence. Total 28 (82%) patients had adenocarcinoma as the histological type of pancreatic tumour. Cholangiocarcinoma in Periampullary region of pancreas was second in frequency, 4 patients (12%). CA 19-9 shows sensitivity of 97% and specificity of 100% to diagnose carcinoma of pancreas in patients with pancreatic tumour. CA 19-9 has 100% positive predictive value to diagnose benign tumour and 50% negative predictive value to diagnose malignant tumours.
Conclusion: Raised levels of CA 19-9 has an important role in diagnosis of patients with pancreatic tumour to differentiate between benign and malignant pathology.
Assessment of health status of traffic constables: An occupationally exposed group in Pakistan
Authors: Butt Mahnoor Taheer , Manzoor Iram , Ahmad Muhammad , Shah Muhammad Abbas 
Published: July 2020

Background: Traffic constables are exposed to various occupational health hazards worldwide. This study is planned to assess occupational health hazards in traffic constables in Punjab, Pakistan.
Subjects and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in different cities of Punjab including Lahore, Gujranwala, Bahawalpur, Bahawalnagar, Sialkot and Islamabad from March till August 2018. A sample of 384 traffic personals were selected by using non-probability convenient sampling technique. Retired traffic constables and those with work experience less than a year were excluded. A pretested questionnaire was used to conduct the interviews after taking informed consent. Data was collected and analyzed using SPSS version 22 and presented in frequency tables and charts.
Results: Maximum number of constables belonged to 31-40 years of age group. Among them 98.7% were male, 25% were having education level above graduation. Results of physical health hazards showed that 53% of warden were smoker, 16.14% were known diabetics and 19.53% were found to be hypertensive. Other physical ailments included respiratory problems (23.4%), hearing impairment or loss (15.88%) and various eye ailments (13.28%). Additionally, 9.1% of participants had evidence of lead poisoning, 33.84% complaints of tightness in muscles and 13.72% of headache, whereas 35.7% had met an accident in the last year. Prevalence of stress and anxiety were 30% and 33.33%. Regarding social health issues 36.7% reported that they were unable to give family time and 42.48% felt lack of independence due to their occupation. Job satisfaction was reported by 50%.
Conclusion: The traffic constables in Punjab suffer from a large number of physical, mental and social health issues. Their perception about their occupational health hazards is low and needs improvement through imparting health education.
Sofosbuvir plus Daclatasvir without Ribavirin for the Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis C in Patients with Decompensated Liver Disease
Authors: Ahmad Mahmood , Ayub Muhammad , Janjua Fawad Iqbal , Bhatti Abdul Moiz , Gilani Nooman 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT
Background: In chronic hepatitis C infection, hepatic decompensation remained a contraindication to treatment for many years. The direct acting antiviral drugs have shown high treatment success even in decompensated liver disease. This study aims to assess the response and safety profile of Sofosbuvir and Daclatasvir in patients of decompensated cirrhosis with chronic hepatitis C.
Patients and Methods: It was a prospective observational study conducted at Gastroenterology Department of Gujranwala Medical College/ DHQ teaching Hospital, Gujranwala from February 2016 to December 2017.Consecutive patients of hepatitis C with decompensated cirrhosis were enrolled in the study. Sofosbuvir 400mg and Daclatasvir 60mg was given to all patients without ribavirin for a period of 24 weeks. Sustained virologic was taken as primary end point.
Results: A total of 140 patients were included in our study, 122 patients (87%) completed the study, 08 patients (5.7%) were lost to follow up, treatment discontinuation was seen in 06 patients (4.2%) & 04 patients (2.8%) died during the study. 110 patients (90.2%) achieved end treatment response (ETR), 12 patients (9.8%) remained treatment non-responder, 100 patients (82%) achieved sustained virological response (SVR12) and 10 patients (8%) had a relapse of HCV infection.
Conclusion: Once daily oral Sofosbuvir plus Daclatasvir without Ribavirin achieved overall high rates of sustained virologic response in patients with chronic HCV having decompensated liver disease.
Evaluation of anti-arthritic effect of Torilis leptophylla and its comparison with indomethacin
Authors: Fatima Javaria , Shaheen Bushra , Batool Saba , Malik Tooba , Qammar Sheikh Maria , Naureen Saima 
Published: July 2020

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune debilitating disease involving multiple joints and organs. Many treatment options are available but all are associated with frequent side effects. Phytochemical screening of Torilis leptophylla has shown the presence of anti-inflammatory compounds like flavonoids, phenols and anthraquinones. This study was designed to evaluate its effect on joints inflammation (rheumatoid arthritis). Indomethacin is one of the oldest and most commonly used drugs for arthritis. It was used as a standard drug to compare with indomethacin.
Methods: This experimental study was carried out in Pharmacology Department, University of Health Sciences, Lahore. Thirty six male albino Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups (group I-control, group II-positive control, group III-10 mg indomethacin, group IV,V,VI--100mg, 200mg, 300mg Torilis leptophylla extract (TLE) administered (orally) respectively). Arthritis was induced by sub plantar injection of 0.1 ml Freund’s complete adjuvant (FCA) to all groups except the control group. Body weight (weekly) and ankle joint diameter (every 4th day) were measured. At day 29 blood was collected and all animals were killed by overdose of ether. Acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase levels were determined by chemistry analyzer (RX MONZA, RANDOX, Republic of Ireland). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 20. One way ANOVA and Post hoc -Tukey tests were applied. A p-value of ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: Treatment with indomethacin caused significant (p≤0.001) reduction in all the inflammatory parameters. Torilis leptophylla extract also significantly (p≤0.05) reduced all the inflammatory parameters. Anti-inflammatory effect was comparable to indomethacin.
Conclusion: Torilis leptophylla has significant anti-arthritic activity as it modified the parameters of joint inflammation and destruction.
تاثير استخدام الألعاب التعليمية والتعلم التعاوني في تعلم بعض مهارات بساط الحركات الأرضية بالجمناستك الفني للصف الخامس الابتدائي
Authors: Nimma Fatima Karim , Dawod Suzan Salim 
Published: July 2020

تعد الألعاب التعليمية هي وسيلة فعالة في زيادة سرعة تعلم المهارات والألعاب المختلفة لأن التعلم من خلالها دائماً ما يكون مصدر ارتياح ورضا للمتعلم وهي من الانشطة المسلية المفيدة بدنياً وعقلياً ونفسياً واجتماعياً ، وهناك نوع من التعلم يتطلب تعاونا اجتماعيا يسمح بتقسيم المتعلمين الى مجموعات صغيرة أثناء ممارسة الانشطة التعليمية وهو ما يتحقق في التعلم التعاوني , اما مشكلة البحث من خلال الزيارات الميدانية التي قامت بها الباحثتان لعدد من المدارس لاحظت عدم الاهتمام بالجمناستك الفني من حيث الاداء بشكل عام في المدارس الابتدائية وعدم استغلاله في تعليم التلميذات بعض المهارات وقلة استخدام الالعاب التعليمية والتعلم التعاوني وعدم توظيفهما في التعلم , ويهدف البحث التعرف على تأثير الالعاب التعليمية والتعلم التعاوني في تعلم بعض مهارات بساط الحركات الارضية بالجمناستك الفني للصف الخامس الابتدائي وإعداد وحدات تعليمية تتضمن الالعاب التعليمية والتعلم التعاوني وتأثيره في تعلم بعض مهارات بساط الحركات الارضية بالجمناستك الفني للصف الخامس الابتدائي قامت الباحثتان باختيار المنهج التجريبي لملائمته لطبيعة المشكلة , اما عينة البحث البالغ عددهم (10) تلميذات لكل مجموعة في مدرسة نور الشمس الابتدائية المختلطة محافظة بغداد / الكرخ الاولى, وتم تنفيذ التجربة الرئيسة خلال (8) اسابيع وبواقع (3) وحدات تعليمية في كل اسبوع لتكون مجموعها (24) وحدة تعليمية للمجموعتان التجريبيتان , وتمت معالجة البحث احصائيا بنظام SPSS واستنتجت الباحثتان ان كلا الاستراتيجيتان في التعلم وهما التعلم باستخدام الالعاب التعليمية والتعلم التعاوني وكذلك الاسلوب المتبع من قبل المدرسة قد حققا نتيجة معنوية في تعلم مهارات بساط الحركات الارضية قيد البحث, واستنتجت الباحثتان أن لاستخدام الالعاب التعليمية والتعلم التعاوني الدور الفعال في تعلم مهارات بساط الحركات الارضية بالجمناستك الفني من خلال تفوق المجموعتان التجريبيتان على المجموعة الضابطة في تعلم المهارات وتوصي الباحثتان ضرورة استخدام الاستراتيجيتان في الدرس لما له من ثأثير إيجابي في تعليم المهارات الاساسية بالجمناستك.
Fiqih dalam Perspektif Filsafat Ilmu: Hakikat dan Objek Ilmu Fiqih
Authors: Shaifudin Arif 
Published: July 2020

Every Muslim is aware and at the same time believes that all the activities of his life in his capacity as a creature of Allah certainly will not be separated from the signs of shari'ah. There are norms that regulate and bind every activity carried out along with the legal consequences. This rule or norm is commonly referred to as jurisprudence. Fiqh with this meaning is the fiqh that we find in religious practices or Muslim activities every day. But there is one anxiety when jurisprudence is read with academic glasses that require scientific empiricism. This is important to answer in order to provide proof of "jurisprudence as a science" so that jurisprudence is not seen only as ijtihadiyyah products by the sciences developing in the West. This also reinforces that all Islamic education can be used as a reference in living life in the theocentric, anthropocentric and cosmocentric dimensions of every Muslim.
Setiap muslim tentunya sadar dan sekaligus percaya bahwa seluruh aktifitas kehidupannya dalam kapasitasnya sebagai makhluk Allah tentunya tidak akan lepas dari rambu-rambu syari’at. Ada norma yang mengatur dan mengikat setiap kegiatan yang dilakukan berikut konsekuensi hukumnya. Aturan atau norma ini biasa disebut dengan fiqih. Fiqih dengan makna tersebut merupakan fiqih yang banyak kita temukan dalam praktik-praktik ibadah atau aktifitas muslim setiap harinya. Namun ada satu kegelisahan ketika fiqih dibaca dengan kaca mata akademik yang mensyaratkan empiris keilmuan. Hal ini penting untuk dijawab dalam rangka memberikan pembuktian “fiqih sebagai ilmu” agar fiqih tidak dipandang hanya sebagai produk-produk ijtihadiyyah oleh ilmu-ilmu yang berkembang di Barat. Hal ini juga semakin meneguhkan bahwa semua ilmu pendidikan Islam dapat dijadikan sebagai rujukan dalam menjalani kehidupan dalam dimensi teosentris, antroposentris dan kosmosentris setiap umat Islam.
Regulasi Dispensasi dalam Penguatan Aturan Batas Usia Kawin bagi Anak Pasca Lahirnya UU No. 16 Tahun 2019
Authors: Ilma Mughniatul 
Published: July 2020

After the revision of the Marriage Law, there was a significant increase in the number of marriage dispensation requests. This is due to the age limit for marriage for women who were raised to 19 years. Changes to the regulation were made to overcome the emergencies of child marriages that occurred in Indonesia. Unfortunately, the increase in the number of dispensation requests was not accompanied by strict rules, so that the majority was granted by the judge. Existing rules, both Law No. 16 of 2019 and PERMA No. 5 of 2019 has a legal loophole that makes marriage dispensation permits still wide open using any reason. This means that the practice of underage marriages after the revision of the Marriage Law will continue to occur if the existing rules do not legitimize the reasons behind submitting a marriage dispensation request. The reasons for submitting a dispensation request must be limited to reasons that are very urgent to avoid multiple interpretations. Therefore, there is a need for rules on dispensation that clearly state the main reasons which can be submitted by the parties and also which can be granted by the judge. This is intended to create legal certainty and minimize the practice of underage marriages that occur due to the dispensation of marriage.
Pasca revisi Undang-Undang Perkawinan, terjadi kenaikan angka yang signifikan terhadap jumlah permohonan dispensasi kawin. Hal ini disebabkan oleh batas usia kawin bagi wanita yang dinaikkan menjadi 19 tahun. Perubahan regulasi tersebut dilakukan untuk mengatasi kondisi darurat perkawinan anak yang terjadi di Indonesia. Sayangnya, kenaikan jumlah permohonan dispensasi tidak dibarengi dengan aturan yang ketat, sehingga mayoritas justru dikabulkan oleh hakim. Aturan yang telah ada, baik UU No. 16 Tahun 2019 maupun PERMA No. 5 Tahun 2019 memiliki celah hukum yang membuat izin dispensasi kawin masih terbuka lebar dengan menggunakan alasan apapun. Artinya, praktek perkawinan di bawah umur pasca revisi UU Perkawinan akan terus menerus terjadi jika aturan yang ada tidak melimitisasi alasan di balik pengajuan permohonan dispensasi kawin. Alasan pengajuan permohonan dispensasi harus dibatasi pada alasan yang sifatnya sangat mendesak untuk menghindari multitafsir. Oleh karena itu, perlu adanya aturan tentang dispensasi yang menyebutkan secara jelas mengenai alasan pokok yang dapat diajukan oleh para pihak dan juga yang dapat dikabulkan oleh hakim. Hal ini dimaksudkan untuk menciptakan kepastian hukum dan meminimalisir praktek perkawinan di bawah umur yang terjadi akibat adanya dispensasi kawin.