bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Respiratory Syncytial Virus–Associated Hospitalizations Among Young Children: 2015–2016
Authors: Rha Brian , Curns Aaron T. , Lively Joana Y. , Campbell Angela P. , Englund Janet A. , Boom Julie A. , Azimi Parvin H. , Weinberg Geoffrey A. , Staat Mary A. , Selvarangan Rangaraj , Halasa Natasha B. , McNeal Monica M. , Klein Eileen J. , Harrison Christopher J. , Williams John V. , Szilagyi Peter G. , Singer Monica N. , Sahni Leila C. , Figueroa-Downing Daniella , McDaniel Darius , Prill Mila M. , Whitaker Brett L. , Stewart Laura S. , Schuster Jennifer E. , Pahud Barbara A. , Weddle Gina , Avadhanula Vasanthi , Munoz Flor M. , Piedra Pedro A. , Payne Daniel C. , Langley Gayle , Gerber Susan I. 
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND:
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of hospitalized acute respiratory illness (ARI) among young children. With RSV vaccines and immunoprophylaxis agents in clinical development, we sought to update estimates of US pediatric RSV hospitalization burden.

METHODS:
Children &lt;5 years old hospitalized for ARI were enrolled through active, prospective, population-based surveillance from November 1, 2015, to June 30, 2016, at 7 US pediatric hospital sites. Clinical information was obtained from parent interviews and medical records. Midturbinate nasal and throat flocked swabs were collected and tested for RSV by using molecular diagnostic assays at each site. We conducted descriptive analyses and calculated population-based rates of RSV-associated hospitalizations.

RESULTS:
Among 2969 hospitalized children included in analyses, 1043 (35%) tested RSV-positive; 903 (87%) children who were RSV-positive were &lt;2 years old, and 526 (50%) were &lt;6 months old. RSV-associated hospitalization rates were 2.9 per 1000 children &lt;5 years old and 14.7 per 1000 children &lt;6 months old; the highest age-specific rate was observed in 1-month-old infants (25.1 per 1000). Most children who were infected with RSV (67%) had no underlying comorbid conditions and no history of preterm birth.

CONCLUSIONS:
During the 2015–2016 season, RSV infection was associated with one-third of ARI hospitalizations in our study population of young children. Hospitalization rates were highest in infants &lt;6 months. Most children who were RSV-positive had no history of prematurity or underlying medical conditions, suggesting that all young children could benefit from targeted interventions against RSV.
PENGARUH PERBEDAAN JENIS KAYU BAKAR DAN LAMA PENGASAPAN TERHADAP MUTU SENSORI IKAN PATIN ASAP (Pangasius pangasius)
Authors: Siregar Resmi Rumenta , Sumandiarsa I Ketut , Zulkhairina Zulkhairina 
Published: June 2020

Lama pengasapan dan jenis kayu yang digunakan akan mempengaruhi mutu ikan asap yang dihasilkan, karena setiap jenis kayu mengandung senyawa kimia yang berbeda-beda. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perbedaan kayu bakar yang digunaan dan lama pengasapan terhadap mutu ikan patin asap. Ikan patin yang digunakan berukuran 200-300 gr/ekor. Pengujian yang dilakukan adalah uji hedonik (kesukaan) terhadap kenampakan, bau, rasa dan tekstur ikan patin asap. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan perlakuan jenis kayu (kayu karet dan kayu rambutan) dan lama pengasapan (8 jam, 9 jam, dan 10 jam). Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan Kruskal Wallis. Dari hasil pengujian hedonik diketahui bahwa panelis lebih menyukai ikan patin yang diasap dengan kayu rambutan selama 9 jam. Uji statistik menunjukkan bahwa perbedaaan jenis kayu (kayu karet dan kayu rambutan) tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap nilai hedonik ikan patin asap (Chi Square = 3,627 dan p-value 0,057 > 0,05), sedangkan lama pengasapan pada rentang waktu 8 jam, 9 jam dan 10 jam, berpengaruh nyata terhadap nilai hedonik ikan patin asap (Chi Square = 7,506 dan p-value 0,023 < 0,05).
A study to show retinal neurodegeneration association with peripheral nerve conduction in diabetic (Type-II) patients
Authors: Singh Yadav Brijesh , P Singh S , Singh K J , Chaudhary Aparajita , Kumar Singh Vinod 
Published: June 2020

: Aim of this study was to show the association between retinal neuro-degeneration with peripheral nerve conduction in diabetic (type-II) patients.A total of 30 diabetic patients age ranging from 35-70 years with mild/moderate non proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) and 30 non diabetic control were studied at M.D. eye hospital Prayagraj R.I.O., Prayagraj. Spectral-Domain -OCT imaging was performed with the cirrus HD-OCT (Version 6.5.0.772; Carl Zeiss Meditec, Inc.), along with nerve conduction study test. Mean ganglion cell inner Plexiform thickness was assessed in diabetic patients with neuropathy (Group-A) and without neuropathy (Group-B) in eyes. The difference between mean thickness of these two groups was found to be significant at same level of significance and confidence interval (t=4.61, p=0.014). Both the significant difference indicate that diabetic patients with neuropathy (Group A), were associated with lower mean of “ganglion cell–inner Plexiform thickness” in both the eyes as compared to without neuropathy patients (Group B). In this study we found a positive correlation between decrease in Ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GC-IPL) thickness and decrease peripheral nerve conduction in diabetic patients. Decrease in Ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GC -IPL) is predictive of early retinal neurodegeneration in diabetic patients, according to our study.
Awareness of diabetic retinopathy among Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in and around Chennai
Authors: Shobika S , Kumar Puri Sanjeev 
Published: June 2020

To assess the level of awareness about diabetic retinopathy among Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in and around Chennai. A cross sectional study was done on 150 Type-2 diabetes mellitus patients in and around Chennai between January 2019 to April 2019, to assess their level of awareness about diabetes retinopathy through a structured questionnaire. Of 150 randomly selected Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, 93 (62%) were women and 57 (38%) were males. 32% of them were illiterates, 31.33% had only primary education and 36.67% had education above middle school. 64.67% of the selected patients wore glasses for refractive error and they were aged from 15yrs to 80yrs. Nearly 3/4 of this urban population are aware about diabetic retinopathy and feel blood glucose control and regular eye check-ups are necessary in reducing the risk of diabetic retinopathy, less than 1/4 know about blindness caused by DR, that laser treatment does not improve the vision but only reduces further deterioration and when a diabetic patient should first visit the eye doctor- therein suggestive that most are aware of the disease but are not well informed about the complications and treatment of the disease.
Comparison of endothelial cell loss by specular microscopy between phacoemulsification versus small incision cataract surgery
Authors: Bhan Chandra , Chaudhary Aparajita , Kumar Santosh , Rana Jagriti 
Published: June 2020

To compare endothelial cell density, central corneal thickness changes and evaluate best corrected visual acuity after small incision and phacoemulsification cataract surgery. In this prospective study, patient were presented with significant cataract. Cataract were graded using lens opacities classification system grading. Forty three patients underwent phacoemulsification and forty-one underwent SICS. Patient with any other ocular pathology were excluded. Phacoemulsifiaction was performed, the chop-stop technique and SICS by the viscoexpression technique. The endothelial cell count and central corneal thickness were measured by non-contact specular microscope and best corrected visual acuity evaluated by snellen chart preoperatively and postoperatively on day 1, 3 and 6 week respectively.The mean endothelial cell loss (cells/mm) in phacoemulsification was 194.28 (7.16%), 311.46 (11.48%) and 412.16 (15.20%) and in SICS was 155.41 (6.17%), 230.19 (9.14%) and 296.54 (11.89%) and was statistically significant (P&#60;0.05). There is an increase in mean base line central corneal thickness from 530.44±12.34 micron increased by 62.62 micron (11.80%), 17.88 micron (3.37%)and 6.04 micron (1.13%) in phacoemulsification and 523.24±6.63 micron increase by 38.05 micron (7.26%), 21.24 micron (4.05%) and 2.63 micron (0.50%) in SICS at day i 3 week and 6 week respectively. There was statistically significant (P&#60;0.001). BCVA of better than 6/18 was achieved in 95.34% of the eyes after phacoemulsification and 92.68% after SICS. There was statistically significant.No significant differences in endothelial less loss, central corneal thickness and best corrected visual acuity in between phacoemulsification and SICS.
Comparative study of outcome of capsulorhexis by assisted capsulorhexis device versus manual capsulorhexis in cataract surgery
Authors: R Chaudhari Bhavin , J Patel Kunjan 
Published: June 2020

Cataract is the major cause of treatable blindness in India (62.6%). Quality cataract surgery is basic need of the cataract blind patient. Phacoemulsification and SICS are routine surgery performed for cataract in developing countries. Continuous Curvilinear Capsulorhexis is the most important pre-requisite for successful outcome of cataract surgery.To evaluate early outcome of assisted capsulorhexis versus manual capsulorhexis in cataract surgery. This descriptive observational study was carried out during January 2017 to October 2018 with purposive sampling of 100 cases.Mean age of the study population was 60±9.1 in which 84% patients had immature cataract, while 16% patients had mature cataract. The cases operated by phacoemulsification surgery using manual technique 76% had regular shape of CCC and with assisted technique 84% had regular shape of CCC. Among patients operated with SICS using manual technique, 16% cases had regular shape of CCC and with use of assisted capsulorhexis device, 80% had regular shaped CCC. A statistically significant association was found between assisted technique and centration of the CCC (p=0.00001). The assisted capsulorhexis device (VERUS) was found to be effective in achieving optimal size, circularity and centration of CCC during cataract surgery.
Outcome of double headed pterygium surgeries with conjunctival autograft adhered by autologous blood: a retrospective study
Authors: Punjabi Sharda , Patel Nishant , Bhutna Komal 
Published: June 2020

: To evaluate the post-operative outcome of double headed pterygium excision followed by superior and inferior sutureless conjunctival autografts A retrospective study of the patients operated for double headed pterygium was done between 1st June 2018 and 30th June 2019 at a tertiary care hospital of southern Rajasthan. A detailed history was taken including age, sex, occupation, duration of pterygium, history of chemical injuries, medical and surgical history. Unaided visual acuity was noted with a Snellen’s distant vision chart. Depending on the extent of corneal involvement the pterygium was graded as follows: Grade I-crossing the limbus, Grade II-midway between the limbus and pupil, and Grade III-crossing the pupillary margin. Routine blood investigations along with bleeding time (BT) and clotting time (CT) were accessed. All the surgeries were done by a single surgeon. A superior and an inferior conjunctival autografts were taken. A total of 14 patients with primary double headed pterygium were operated by a single surgeon using the above mentioned technique. Retrospective analysis was done. 13(92.86%) patients were affected unilaterally and 1(7.14%) patient had bilateral double headed pterygium. 11(78.5%) out of 14 were male and 3(21.5%) were female. Mean age of patients was 46.5 ± 15.5 years. Out of 15 nasal pterygia, 2(13.3%) were grade-I, 9(60%) were grade-II and 4(26.6%) were grade-III. Out of 15 temporal pterygia, 6(40%) were grade-I, 6(40%) were grade-II and 3(20%) were grade-III. Mean follow-up was 12 ± 6 months. No significant intra-operative complications were noted. Post-operative vision improvement was recorded at 3 month follow-up with a Snellen’s distant vision chart. An average of 3 ± 2 Snellen’s lines improvement was noted in unaided vision. Most common post-operative complication was graft oedema in 9 grafts out of 30 (30%). Graft retraction was found in 2 grafts (6.66%).Sub-conjunctival haematoma was found in 1 graft (3.3%). Graft loss was found in 1 graft.
A study of systemic factors affecting diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Mohan Magdum Renu , Madhav Oza Saurabh , V Manade Varsha , Khandelwal Madhuri , Judith Cardoza Namratha 
Published: June 2020

To study the systemic factors (hypertension, dyslipidemia and obesity) affecting diabetic retinopathy in Type 2 diabetes mellitus and to find out the prevalence of obesity, hypertension and dyslipidaemia in individuals having diabetes mellitus and association of these comorbidities with diabetic retinopathy. A total of 140 diagnosed diabetic subjects participated in the study. They were grouped according to the presence or absence of diabetic retinopathy. All the subjects were also evaluated for hypertension, dyslipidemia and obesity. Observations from both the groups were compared to find association between the risk factors and retinopathy.Mean systolic blood pressure among retinopathy subjects(133.13mmHg) was higher than subjects without retinopathy(127.43mmHg). This difference was found to be statistically significant (p = 0.046). Mean lipid level among retinopathy subject was not significantly different than the mean lipid levels in the participants without retinopathy (p &#62; 0.05). The difference between the BMI of the participants of both groups was found to be insignificant. (p&#62;0.05). Duration of diabetes(p&#60;0.005), glycosylated haemoglobin(p= 0.001) were significant factors too.Duration of diabetes, glycosylated haemoglobin levels, systolic blood pressure were significant risk factors associated with diabetic retinopathy.
Comparision of surgical induced astigmatism between sics superior and sics temporal
Authors: Patel Vikas , Patel Kunjan , Patel Nikunj 
Published: June 2020

: The aim of this study was to analyze the surgically induced astigmatism in comparison to site of incision superior and temporal in commonly performed SICS technique of cataract surgery. : A prospective interventional study was done on 30 patients who underwent manual small incision cataract surgery (MSICS) divided into two groups namely sics superior group and sics tempral group based on incision-site. The two techniques were compared with respect uncorrected visual acuity, surgically induced astigmatism and type of astigmatism drift. In our study, There was significant difference between techniques regarding best uncorrected visual acuity on 40 post operative day. Greater proportion of patients had good outcomes in both the groups as regards to final visual acuity. Superior incision induced post operative ATR drift (75%) and temporal incision induced WTR astigmatism (70%). : Incision on steep axis is an economical and effective way of reducing pre-existing astigmatism in high-volume and low-cost cataract surgery.
Prevalence of dry eyes in patients with Type-2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Goud Rakesh , Aggarwal Manvi , K Radhakrishnan O , Mantri Priyanka , Shah Arpit 
Published: June 2020

To estimate the prevalence of dry eyes in patients with Type-2 diabetes mellitus and to compare various tests of dry eye.An analytical cross sectional study was conducted on 150 patients diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Dry eyes symptoms were assessed using Ocular surface disease index (OSDI) questionnaire and graded according to severity. The diagnosis was confirmed by positive Ocular surface staining pattern with fluorescein, Tear film breakup time test (TBUT) or Schirmers test. Severity of dry eyes was determined and prevalence calculated.The prevalence rate of dry eye disease among diabetics was calculated as 36% on the basis of Ocular surface disease index. Mild, moderate and severe dry eyes were present in 16%, 16% and 4% patients respectively. TBUT showed very good agreement with highest diagnostic accuracy. Schirmers test and Fluorescein test had good and moderate agreement respectively.Diabetes mellitus associated dry eye disease (DMDES) is the most frequent diabetic complication in clinical practice. Clinical trials are warranted to confirm the effects of the currently applied drugs in diabetes-associated DES for a better outcome in such patients. Our study can act as a stepping stone for larger multi-centric studies to gain more information about this largely unrecognized problem of diabetes associated dry eye disease.
Assessing the effect of anti-glaucoma drug on corneal morphology and tear film function
Authors: Madan Veshal , Katare Shubhangi , Mishra Neeta 
Published: June 2020

To assess the effect of anti-glaucoma drug on corneal morphology and tear film function. This is a prospective comparative study between two groups. 50 eyes of 25 patients using one or more topical anti glaucoma drugs for at least 6 months or more and Group 2- 50 eyes of 25 normal subjects as controls who were not having any ocular problems. Both groups were similar regarding age and gender characteristics. Demographic information were obtained from patient’s medical records. Comprehensive ocular examination like Intraocular pressure (IOP), Tear breakup time (TBUT), Schirmer’s II test (with anaesthesia), Central corneal thickness (CCT), Endothelial cell count (specular microscopy), Corneal staining were done for both the groups. All 50 patients (100eyes) included in the study and completed all the tests parameter involved in the study. Mann-Whitney U value for IOP is (p=o.oo1), CCT is (p=0.002), Endothelial cell count is (p=0.001), Schirmer’s II is(p=0.001) and TBUT is (p=0.001), respectively and all this were statistically significant. For corneal staining Fisher's Exact Test value is 19.874 (p=0.001) is statistically significant. For CCT compared with the different diagnosis the Chi-Square value is 36.915 (p=0.001) is statistically significant. For Endothelial cell count compared with the different diagnosis the Chi-Square value is 11.876 (p=0.003) is statistically significant. CCT and Endothelial cell count was more in Ocular hypertension as compared to the other diagnosis. Patients using anti-glaucoma drugs showed 64% mild to moderate and 20% severe dryness in the eyes. CCT and Endothelial cell count was more in Ocular hypertension as compared to the other diagnosis. Increased CCT may give an artificially high IOP and must be considered when developing a treatment approach for patients with ocular hypertension. Therefore, necessary to have complete evaluation of tear film and cornea while using the anti-glaucoma medication from long time. So that we can prescribe lubricating drops with the anti-glaucoma drugs.
Librarians’ Participation in the Systematic Reviews Published by Iranian Researchers and Its Impact on the Quality of Reporting Search Strategy
Authors: Eskrootchi Rogheyeh , Shahraki Mohammadi Azita , Panahi Sirous , Zahedi Razieh 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Objective – The validity of the results from systematic review studies depends largely on the implementation and the reporting of the search strategy. Using an experienced librarian can greatly enhance the quality of results. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the relationship between the librarian’s participation and the quality of reporting search strategy in systematic reviews published by Iranian researchers in medical fields.
Methods – Three databases were searched to identify the systematic review studies conducted by Iranian researchers from 2008 to 2018. A total of 310 studies were selected using systematic random sampling, and the quality of their search strategy reports was reviewed by the Institute of Medicine checklist. A short questionnaire about the librarians’ participation in the search strategy of these studies was sent to the corresponding authors of the selected studies. A total of 229 questionnaires was returned. The data obtained from the questionnaire about the librarians’ participation in reporting search strategy in systematic review studies and also from the evaluation checklist for reporting search strategy in systematic review studies were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics.
Results – The mean value of the evaluation checklist for reporting search strategy in systematic review studies was low. The librarians’ participation rate for these studies was 13.6%. No meaningful relationship was found between the librarians’ participation and the mean value of the evaluation checklist for reporting search strategy of systematic review studies. However, an investigation of the relationship between each of the items in the evaluation checklist for reporting search strategy in systematic review studies and librarians’ participation as the corresponding author or a member of the research team showed a meaningful relationship in five items.
Conclusion – The results showed that the quality of reporting the search strategies in systematic reviews was low and the librarians’ participation in designing and reporting the search strategy in systematic reviews was limited. The authors of the systematic review studies, as well as the journals’ editors and referees, need to pay more careful attention to reporting the search strategy exactly and comprehensively. Employing librarians in this area can have a major impact on this part of systematic review studies.
Many Indian PhD Students Lack Motivation and Skills to Use Academic Journal Articles, Their Libraries Lack Resources and Standards
Authors: DuBroy Michelle 
Published: June 2020

A Review of:
Saxena, S. (2018). Factors impacting the usage of academic journal articles by PhD students in India. Information Discovery and Delivery, 46(4), 204-213. https://doi.org/10.1108/IDD-09-2017-0069
Abstract
Objective – To investigate the factors influencing the use of academic journals by PhD students in India.
Design – Grounded analysis.
Setting – Five universities in India.
Subjects – 147 PhD students.
Methods – Subjects were selected using a mix of convenience and purposeful sampling. Email was then used to send the questions, receive the responses, and seek clarification as required. This process was conducted between September 2016 and January 2017.
Main results – Completed responses were received from 134 students, resulting in a response rate of approximately 91%. The researcher identified five factors influencing academic journal usage: institutional, task complexity, relevance and application, information quality, and technical. There was “marked” dissatisfaction with library facilities and access to academic resources, with one respondent stating that their library “does not subscribe to a single electronic journal” (p. 209). Other identified issues include students’ insufficient awareness of what is available, limited motivation to “undertake serious research work” (p. 210) and inadequate skill levels to use available resources effectively.
Conclusion – Universities should provide the required resources (both human and infrastructure) to ensure their academic libraries meet quality standards. To do so requires appropriate funding. Additionally, researchers should be encouraged to use their library’s resources in the context of improving their scholarly contribution.