bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prescription audit of online booked outpatients for department of medicine and dermatology in a tertiary care hospital: a comparative observational study
Authors: Majhee Lakhan , Chandra Anshuman , Gari Manju , Shakeel Aasim 
Published: November 2019

Background: A regular and effective prescription audit is a key tool to ensure rational use of drugs and to assess drug utilization in the health care system. This study is first of its kind, in Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS), Ranchi, highlighting comparative assessment of prescriptions of online booked appointments in department of medicine and dermatology via online registration system (ORS) using WHO prescribing indicators. This ORS is an integral part under Digital India Initiative.Methods: This was a comparative, observational study conducted in Department of Pharmacology of RIMS, Ranchi. The study period was 6 months from 1 March 2019 to 31 August 2019. Prescriptions details of outpatient department (OPD) patients were collected from the government authorized pharmacy facility “Dawai Dost “at RIMS. 75 prescriptions from each of the departments were analyzed.Results: 75 prescriptions from patients who attended medicine and dermatology outpatient department (OPD) during the study period, after registering appointment via ORS, was collected and comparative assessment was done. This audit highlights important correctable parameters although legibility was not the major concern. Adherence to National List of Essential Medicines (NLEM) was 45% and 49% for department of medicine and dermatology respectively.Conclusions: The prescription audit process should be done regularly to assess ORS prescription to ensure high quality rational prescribing and support Digital India initiative. Adherence to NLEM of India should be 100%. The latest NLEM of India should be provided to the concerned departments and feedback should be provided to the physicians.
A clinical study of trends of ectopic pregnancy and its management in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Puttaraju Chandana M. , Prasad Nagothi Nagendra , Sailakshmi M. P. A. 
Published: November 2019

Background: Ectopic gestation is a gynaecological emergency which culminates in pregnancy loss and causes significant maternal morbidity, mortality besides jeopardizing future conception. The study discusses the incidence, risk factors, symptomatology and management of ectopic pregnancy in a tertiary care teaching hospital.Methods: This was a prospective study of 45 cases of ectopic pregnancies at a tertiary care teaching hospital from January 2012 to December 2013. Information was collected in a structured proforma, tabulated and descriptive analysis was carried out.Results: The incidence of ectopic pregnancy was 1.17%. Majority of the patients (80%) belonged to 20-30 yrs age group. Second gravidas predominated (42.2%). Fallopian tube was the most common site (95.5%). Rudimentary horn ectopic accounted for 4.65%. Previous abdominopelvic surgery (31.1%), IUCD usage (22.2%), PID (20%), abortions (20%), tubectomy (15.5%) were the principal risk factors. 42% of the patients had no risk factor. The triad of amenorrhea, bleeding per vaginum and abdominal pain was seen in 51.1% of cases. Ultrasound, UPT, β-hCG estimation were the diagnostic tools. Ruptured ectopic pregnancy accounted for 64.4%. Nearly 95.5% of patients underwent surgery; salpingectomy (76%). Methotrexate was successful in 4.44%. There was no maternal mortality.Conclusions: Mostly diagnosis, prompt surgical or medical management is cornerstone of treatment. Primary prevention such as improved access to family planning services, sex education, treatment of STI, PID, surgical asepsis and haemostasis, implementing legislation for dispensing MTP drugs ameliorate risk factors and hence reduce ectopic pregnancy.
Forceps deliveries and fetomaternal outcome in modern obstetrics
Authors: Okram Sarda Devi , Betha Kalpana , Bodhanapati Jothsna , Tejasri Koorapati 
Published: November 2019

Background: In modern obstetrics practice has witnessed an increase in the caesarean section rates everywhere. The incidence of instrumental deliveries varies between 10-12% in UK. The incidence of instrumental deliveries varies between 2.7-5% in India. There is an urgent need to reintroduce instrumental need in the modern obstetrics. Instrumental delivery is one of the basic functions of emergency care according to WHO. This study was done to know the prevalence, indications and fetal outcomes of forceps deliveries.Methods: A retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary teaching hospital, India from January 2014 to December 2018. All cephalic singleton pregnant mothers who underwent forceps delivery after 28 weeks were included. All the forceps delivery done in twins and breech vaginal delivery were excluded. Demographic data, Indication of forceps delivery, maternal complications of forceps delivery like episiotomy extension, cervical tear, vaginal wall tear, PPH and neonatal outcome like low birth weight, NICU admissions, stillbirth, APGAR score at 1 and 5 minutes were recorded. Equal number of mothers of reproductive age group 20-45 ages who underwent normal non breech vaginal deliveries were randomly selected as control.Results: The prevalence of forceps delivery was 5.25%. The most common indication was fetal distress (55%). Most of the mothers were primigravidas in age group 20-30 years (p<0.001). Regarding the neonatal outcome, 72% of the babies were having weight >2.5 kgs. APGAR <7 at 1 and 5 min was not significant.Conclusions: As fetal distress is the most common indication, every obstetrician should learn the skill of forceps delivery and it should not be a dying art.
The Development Strategies on Batik Creative Industry as an Enthralling Sector for Cultural Tourism in Bondowoso Regency, East Java
Authors: Wathon Syubbanul , Senjarini Kartika , Oktarianti Rike 
Published: November 2019

Bondowoso Regency has great potential to evolve into the centers of the batik creative industry. But, there are still no batik products that show the uniqueness of Bondowoso Regency. Several community groups in Suling Wetan Village, Cermee Subdistrict, Bondowoso Regency, have been running a business as batik artisans since 2015. The community groups have had the basic skill to produce batik. Unfortunately, they still don't give any impact on the growth of the cultural tourism destinations in Bondowoso. The old batik designs do not attract buyers, has limited color combinations, and only rely on synthetic batik dyes. Through the partnership service program that have been implemented, some of the Batik community business can develop their products. This partnership service program is done by several activities, such as socialization; workshops on batik design and the use of natural dyes; training on natural materials and batik coloring; procurement of gawangan machines, pendulum and accessories; training and mentoring techniques for making interesting batik motifs and coloring using natural dyes; and the dialogue to develop the creative batik industry. The results of this program are developing not only the Suling Wetan Village but also make the Batik community business in Cermee Subdistrict, independently growth as a creative batik industry. This improvement is also captivating the cultural tourism in Bondowoso Regency.
Efektivitas Perendaman Serat Aren dan Endosperm Kelapa Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tomat Pada Hidroponik Substrat
Authors: Sulandjari Sulandjari , Kusniyawati Yuni 
Published: November 2019

<p>This study was conducted to determine the effect of soaking period of arenga fibers and the addition of coconut endosperm to growth and yield of tomatoe. The observations were analyzed by using the 5% F test and if significant continued by the 5% DMRT. The experiment was conducted using a completely randomized factorial design with two factors, factors substrate consists of 5 levels, fiber arenga without soaking (S0), fiber soaking for 1 month (S1), fiber soaking for 2 months (S2), fiber soaking for 3 months(S3), and substrate husk as control. The second factor is a nutrient with two levels ie. AB mix nutrient (N1), AB mix nutrient plus 50% coconut endosperm (N2). The results showed that treatment of arenga fiber substrate by immersion of one month, 2 month, and 3 month not significantly influenced on all growth variable and yield of tomato. Treatment spraying coconut endosperm with a concentration of 50% could be low variable root length, root volume and fresh weight of the plant. There was no interaction between the two factors of all the observed variables.<strong></strong></p>
STRATEGI KEPEMIMPINAN PERPUSTAKAAN PERGURUAN TINGGI MENGHADAPI PERKEMBANGAN TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI
Authors: Supriyana Supriyana 
Published: November 2019

<p>Perpustakaan perguruan tinggi dihadapkan dengan berbagai tantangan seiring dengan perkembangan teknologi informasi. Ada lima tantangan yang dihadapi oleh perpustakaan yakni hubungan antara perpustakaan dengan masyarakat kampus, penggunaan anggaran perpustakaan, menjaga pustakawan mengikuti perkembangan teknologi informasi; dan menjaga keseimbangan antara koleksi digital dan bahan cetak dan berbagai layanan yang ada di perpustakaan. Pemimpin perpustakaan perguruan tinggi dituntut untuk mempunyai visi, harus berintegritas/ kejujuran, dapat diajak untuk bekerja sama, mempunyai keterampilan kepemimpinan dan keterampilan dalam bidang manajemen serta dituntut terampil dalam berkomunikasi. Agar kepemimpinan perpustakaan dapat efektif maka diperlukan kolaborasi dengan berbagai pihak. Ledakan informasi teknologi, sumber daya dan layanan menuntut peningkatan tingkat layanan. Hal yang demikian tentunya membutuhkan pemimpin perpustakaan yang memiliki kompetensi dan pengetahuan baru yang selalu meningkatkan keahlian profesi untuk kelayakan profesi serta perlunya pengembangan keterampilan.</p>
Update on Mentorship in Orthopaedic Resident Education
Authors: Hart Robert A. , Eltorai Adam E.M. , Yanney Katherine , Marsh J. Lawrence , Mulcahey Mary K. , Daniels Alan H. 
Published: November 2019

Background:
Mentorship has been identified as an important element of educational and professional development for surgeons. An assessment that was conducted and reported through the American Association of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS) in 2008 showed variability among U.S. residencies regarding the structure and requirements for mentorship during orthopaedic training; the assessment also demonstrated variability in residents’ satisfaction with mentorship opportunities during their surgical training.

Methods:
An updated survey was developed and distributed via e-mail to residents attending the Resident Leadership Forum at the 2015 American Orthopaedic Association Annual Meeting to determine their views regarding the importance of mentorship, as well as their assessments of formal mentorship programs within their residencies. The updated data were compared with the prior survey results from 2008.

Results:
A total of 149 (87.6%) of 170 residents responded to the survey. Of these, 34.9% (51 of 146) reported the existence of a formal mentorship program within their residency, as compared with 26.0% of residencies as stated in the 2008 report. One hundred percent of residents indicated that having a mentor during orthopaedic residency was either critical (63.7%, 93 of 146) or advantageous (36.3%, 53 of 146) to professional development as a surgeon; 74.7% (109 of 146) of residents reported currently having mentors, which appears to represent an increase from the prior report (51%, 258 of 506). However, the percentage of residents who reported being “very” satisfied (17.9%, 25 of 140) or “somewhat” satisfied (43.6%, 61 of 140) with their mentorship opportunities was almost identical to the prior report (61.9% [86 of 139] versus 61.0%, respectively). Overall, residents from programs with formal mentorship programs in place reported significantly higher satisfaction with their mentoring program/environment compared with those from programs without formal mentorship programs in place (3.98 versus 3.54, p = 0.026).

Conclusions:
Orthopaedic residents continue to overwhelmingly indicate that mentorship is an important component of residency education: 34.9% of residencies have a formal mentorship program, compared with 26.0% in the prior survey. Additionally, 74.7% of current residents reported having a mentor compared with 51% of residents in the prior study. Despite this difference, a very similar percentage of residents indicated that they were either “very” or “somewhat” satisfied with their mentorship experience. Residents from programs with formal mentorship programs reported significantly higher satisfaction with their mentorship programs compared with those without formal programs. These results support continued efforts toward improving mentorship opportunities within U.S. orthopaedic residency programs.
TEACHER CHARACTERISTICS THAT INFLUENCE DEVELOPMENT OF ORAL LANGUAGE SKILLS AMONG PRE-PRIMARY SCHOOL PUPILS IN NAIROBI CITY COUNTY, KENYA
Authors: Okelo Kenneth Odhiambo 
Published: November 2019

This article presents the findings from our investigation of teachers’ characteristics that influence development of oral language skills among pre-primary pupils. The study was conducted in 83 schools in Kibra Sub-County, Kenya. Questionnaires and observation schedules were used to collect data. Data was analysed using SPSS. The main findings of the study indicate that teaching strategies that were mostly used by pre-primary school teachers were code-switching, examples, repetition, substitution and explanation. On the other hand, questions, direction, expansion of children words and contrast were the least used teaching strategies when teaching oral language skills. The study revealed that the there is a slight correlation between the type of training teachers received and the teaching strategies they used as most of the DICECE (District Centres for Early Childhood Education, Kenya) trained teachers used more teaching strategies when teaching oral skills compared to non-DICECE teachers. The findings also revealed that there was some correlation between teacher’s academic qualifications and their use of a few teaching strategies. There was also some correlation between teaching experience and the use of a few teaching strategies. Since the strategies used by pre-primary school teachers under the study were less than half of the recommended teaching strategies to promote oral skills, the study recommends that teachers should be encouraged to use more in structural strategies to improve children’s oral language skills.
Core Self-Evaluations among Prisoners on Formal and Vocational Training in Uganda’s Luzira Prison
Authors: Irene Aheisibwe , Kobusingye Loyce Kiiza 
Published: November 2019

The study examined the core self-evaluations of prisoners on formal and vocational education in Luzira Prison in Uganda. A cross-sectional survey design using a quantitative approach with.800 participants selected purposively was used. Core self-evaluations were measured using Judge, Erez, Bono and Thoresen’s scale, while data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post hoc test. The study yielded statistically significant variations among education levels, (F [4, 795] =3.18, p <.05) where a post hoc test revealed significant difference between Degree holders (M = 2.86, SD = .27), on the one hand, and O’Level (M = 3.00, SD = .29), A ‘level (M = 3.039, SD = .32) and Diploma (M = 3.00, SD = .29) level students, on the other. The study demonstrates the significance of core self-evaluation to the life prospects of the prison inmate and recommends that prisoners' core self-evaluations be nurtured. It supports studies that correlate core self-evaluations to ultimate reduction in prison congestion and government expenditure.
An Assessment of Ghana’s Enacted Kindergarten Curriculum
Authors: Sofo Seidu , Asola Eugene F. , Ocansey Reginald 
Published: November 2019

Drawing on the policy enactment theory, the present study assessed the enacted kindergarten (KG) curriculum in Ghana. Participants were 101 kindergarten teachers in one district of the Upper West Region of Ghana. They completed the Kindergarten Enacted Curriculum Scale (KECS) once. The KECS included 13 items (KG1) and 17 items (KG2) that assessed the extent to which participants taught content in four subscales: literacy and numeracy (LN), psychosocial skills (PS), environmental studies (ES), and physical development (PD). Participants responded to items on a 4-point Likert scale as major focus (scored 3), minor focus (scored 2), touched on briefly (scored 1), and not taught (scored 0). Descriptive and inferential statistics were computed for the entire scale and for each subscale. Results indicated that most participants focused on the LN and ES subscales; with the most neglected content areas being the PS and PD subscales. Most KG1 teachers focused on LN (Listening/Speaking—97.7%), with the lowest percentage in PS (Getting Along/Others— 25.0%) and PD (Physical Exercise—29.5%). Similarly, KG2 teachers focused on ES (Healthy Individual-93.0%), and the lowest percentage in PS (Knowing/Living with Others–39.3%) and PD (Spatial Awareness—42.1%). PS was positively correlated with PD, ES, and KECS. Inferential tests revealed gender differences for the PD subscale. Data indicated grade level differences in teaching LN and PD. These findings suggest that kindergarten teachers in this study continued to focus on academics (LN and ES), despite the emphasis of the KG curriculum being on the holistic development of the young child.
Keywords: Assessment, curriculum, kindergarten, Ghana, teachers
The study of Wilson Disease in pregnancy management
Authors: Yu Xu-En , Pan Min , Han Yong-Zhu , Yang Ren-Min , Wang Juan , Gao Shan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: Pregnancy management in women with Wilson disease (WD) remains an important clinical problem. This research was conducted to investigate how to avoid worsening of WD symptoms during pregnancy and increase pregnancy success in women with WD by identifying the best pregnancy management approaches in these patients. Methods: The clinical data of 117 pregnancies among 75 women with WD were retrospectively analyzed. Related information of the fetus was also recorded and analyzed. At the same time, regression analysis was performed for data of 22 pregnant women without WD, as normal controls. Results: Of a total of 117 pregnancies among the 75 women with WD and 31 pregnancies among the 22control womenincluded in this study, there were 108 successful pregnancies and 9 spontaneous abortions. Among the 108 successful pregnancies, 97 women a history of copper chelation therapy before pregnancy; all 97 women stopped anti-copper therapy during pregnancy. The nine women with spontaneous abortion had no pre-pregnancy history of copper displacement therapy. The incidence of lower limb edema was higher in the WD group than in normal controls (P=0.036). Compared with the control group, there was a higher proportion in the WD group of male infants (P=0.022) and lower average infant birth weight (t=3.514, P=0.001). Conclusion: It is relatively safe for women with WD patients to become pregnant. The best management method for pregnancy in women with WD may be intensive pre-pregnancy copper chelation therapy and no anti-copper treatment during pregnancy.
Associations between echocardiographic manifestations and bacterial species in patients with infective endocarditis: a cohort study
Authors: Damlin Anna , Westling Katarina , Maret Eva , Lundborg Cecilia Stålsby , Caidahl Kenneth , Eriksson Maria J 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background The diagnosis of infective endocarditis (IE) is based on microbiological analyses and diagnostic imaging of cardiac manifestations. Echocardiography (ECHO) is preferred for visualization of IE-induced cardiac manifestations. We investigated associations between bacterial infections and IE manifestations diagnosed by ECHO. Methods In this cohort study, data from patients aged 18 years or above, with definite IE admitted at the Karolinska University Hospital between 2008 and 2017 were obtained from Swedish National Registry of Endocarditis. Bacteria registered as pathogen were primarily selected from positive blood culture and for patients with negative blood culture, bacteria found in culture or PCR from postoperative material was registered as pathogen. Patients with negative results from culture or PCR, and patients who did not undergo ECHO during hospital stay, were excluded. IE manifestations diagnosed by ECHO were obtained from the registry. Chi-squared test and two-sided Fisher’s exact test was used for comparisons between categorical variables, and student’s t test was used for continuous numerical variables. Multivariable analyses were performed using logistic regression. Secular trend analyses were performed using linear regression. Associations and the strength between the variables were estimated using odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). P < 0.05 was considered significant. Results The most common bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus (n = 239, 49%) and viridans group streptococci (n = 102, 21%). The most common manifestations were vegetation in the mitral (n = 195, 40%), aortic (n = 190, 39%), and tricuspid valves (n = 108, 22%). Associations were seen between aortic valve vegetations and Enterococcus faecalis among patients with native aortic valves, between mitral valve vegetations and streptococci of group B or viridans group, between tricuspid valve vegetations and S. aureus among patients with intravenous drug abuse, and between perivalvular abscesses as well as cardiovascular implantable electronic device (CIED)-associated IE and coagulase negative staphylococci (all P < 0.05). Conclusions Associations were found between certain bacterial species and specific ECHO manifestations. Our study contributes to a better understanding of IE manifestations and their underlying bacterial etiology, which pathogens can cause severe infections and might require close follow-up and surgical treatment.
Evaluation of the efficacy of casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate on remineralization of white spot lesions in vitro and clinical research: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ma Xueling , Lin Xuandong , Zhong Tengfei , Xie Fangfang 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: This systematic review with meta-analyses sought to answer whether casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) provided a remineralizing benefit superior to that of nonintervention or placebo. Methods: The Cochrane databases, PubMed, EmBase, and Ovid up to May 20th, 2019, were scanned, only published in English. Study information extraction and methodological quality assessments were accomplished independently by two reviewers. The “Criteria for judging risk of bias in the ‘Risk of bias’ assessment tool” was used for methodological quality assessment. The continuous data was analyzed by mean difference (MD) or standardized mean difference (SMD) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Review Manager 5.3 was used for statistical analysis. Outcome variables include quantitative light-induced fluorescence in clinical research, average surface roughness and surface microhardness in vitro. Results: There were significant differences in the quantitative light-induced fluorescence (SMD = −0.43, 95% CI: [−0.79, −0.07], P = 0.02), average surface roughness (SMD = −8.21, 95% CI: [−10.37, −6.04], P < 0.01), Vickers microhardness (SMD = 1.19, 95% CI: [0.72, 1.66], P < 0.01), and Knoop microhardness (SMD = 3.52, 95% CI: [2.68, 4.36], P < 0.01) between the CPP-ACP and control groups or baseline. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this meta-analysis, CPP-ACP exhibited excellent remineralization effects evaluated in clinical research and in vitro, indicating outstanding restoration of form, aesthetics, and function in treating white spot lesions.