bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An investigation into security, self‐confidence and gender differences related to undergraduate education in Endodontics
Authors: Haug S. R. , Linde B. R. , Christensen H. Q. , Vilhjalmsson V. H. , Bårdsen A. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAimTo analyse responses from dental practitioners (DPs) on how secure they felt as a newly graduated dentist, level of confidence or self‐efficacy when performing root canal treatment (RCT), and if undergraduate (UG) education in Endodontics adequately met their needs in a dental practice.MethodologyAn electronic questionnaire was sent to 459 dentists who graduated from the University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway, between 2008 and 2018. The survey consisted of questions with closed‐end options and Likert scale (1–5). An open‐ended free text option was always provided.ResultsA total of 314 (68.4%) DPs answered the questionnaire. Of these, 87 (27.8%) were men and 224 (71.3%) were women. Three respondents did not disclose their gender. As a newly graduated dentist, 37.3% of the respondents felt secure when performing RCT, 30.7% felt indifferent, and 32.0% felt insecure. The majority (72.4%) of respondents were either confident or very confident when performing RCT, 21.3% were indifferent, and 6.3% had little or no confidence. A majority of DPs (84.4%) self‐evaluated the quality of their root fillings as good or very good, and 15.2% were indifferent. Only one DP selected ‘not good’ and none selected ‘bad’. There were significant gender differences where male DPs felt more secure than female DPs when performing RCT (P < 0.001). A significantly larger number of men were very confident compared to women (P < 0.001). A logistic regression analysis using confidence as a dependent variable to predict self‐efficacy revealed that DPs who felt secure when performing RCT as a newly graduated dentist had about 8 times more self‐efficacy (odds ratio = 8.49) than those who were insecure or indifferent. Respondents who rated their quality of root fillings as good or very good had forty times more self‐efficacy (odds ratio = 40.06) when performing RCT. UG education in endodontics was considered inadequate by 71.3% of the respondents where a significantly larger number of DPs (70%) wanted more clinical training (P < 0.05). About half the DPs (47.7%) stated that there was a need for lifelong learning with majority preferring hands‐on courses and continuing dental education organized by dental associations.ConclusionsThe results of this study suggest that there is a need to promote self‐efficacy during UG education in Endodontics. Hands‐on training is the preferred form of lifelong learning for DPs.
Prevalence of scratching during examination among patients with scabies and among patients with other pruritic dermatoses
Authors: Lam Hoai Xuân‐Lan , De Maertelaer Viviane , Simonart Thierry 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundScabies is a parasitic skin disease. Its clinical diagnosis may be challenging.MethodsIn a prospective observational study, we enrolled all consecutive patients ≥16 years of age with a presumptive diagnosis of scabies and all patients ≥16 years of age with a diffuse itchy dermatosis lasting for more than 1 week. We investigated whether patients with scabies were more prone to scratch themselves during the consultation than patients with other pruritic dermatoses.ResultsWe observed that a significant proportion of patients (25/62, 40%) with scabies had to scratch while talking or being examined. This clinical sign was less frequently noticed in patients with pruritic dermatoses of other origins (26/196, 13%) (P < 0.001).ConclusionsThe observation of a patient scratching himself during the consultation should prompt serious consideration of scabies. This easily observable clinical sign may be especially useful in low‐resource settings, where scabies is known to be very prevalent.
Acute severe hypertension associated with acute gastroenteritis in children
Authors: Fishbein Jennifer E. , Sethna Christine B. , Singer Pamela , Castellanos‐Reyes Laura 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAcute severe hypertension in otherwise healthy children with acute illness requiring hospitalization for BP management is uncommon and warrants immediate evaluation. We describe 10 cases of children presenting with acute gastroenteritis and found to have acute severe hypertension. They required admission to the hospital for antihypertensive treatment, including 2 to the intensive care unit, but all had normalization of BP and were able to stop treatment with resolution of the acute illness. All patients had thorough testing for secondary causes of hypertension and for signs of end‐target organ damage, which were unremarkable. To our knowledge, acute severe hypertension in the setting of acute gastroenteritis without underlying kidney pathology and with complete resolution after illness has not been previously described. The mechanism of this association is not clear, although activation of the sympathetic nervous system is suspected. These cases illustrate the importance of thoroughly assessing BP in the acute setting.
Actinic cheilitis: a systematic review of treatment options
Authors: Trager M.H. , Farmer K. , Ulrich C. , Basset‐Seguin N. , Herms F. , Geskin L.J. , Bouaziz J.‐D. , Lebbé C. , de Masson A. , Bagot M. , Dobos G. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractActinic cheilitis is a premalignant condition that can progress to squamous cell carcinoma with a higher propensity for metastasis than cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Optimal treatment for actinic cheilitis has not been established, and evidence‐based estimates of clinical cure in the dermatology literature are limited. Here, we review and synthesize outcome data published for patients with actinic cheilitis after treatment with various modalities. A systematic review was conducted in MEDLINE, Embase and the Cochrane library for English, French and German‐language studies and references of included articles from inception to 20 January 2020. Studies were included if they reported on at least six patients with biopsy‐proven actinic cheilitis. After quality appraisal, results of studies with the strongest methodology criteria were synthesized. 18 studies of 411 patients (published 1985 to 2016) were included. The majority of the studies were case series. Carbon dioxide laser ablation and vermilionectomy were associated with the most favourable outcomes with fewest recurrences. Chemical peel and photodynamic therapy were associated with higher recurrence. Adverse effects generally resolved in the weeks following treatment and cosmetic outcomes were favourable overall. In conclusion, there is a lack of high‐quality comparative studies evaluating different treatment options for actinic cheilitis. The included publications used various outcome measures; however, the majority reported on the recently defined core outcome sets. These results suggest that both carbon dioxide laser ablation and vermilionectomy are effective treatments for actinic cheilitis. Prospective head‐to‐head studies are needed to compare these treatment modalities and to assess patient preferences.
Reproductive biology of the Rasptail skate Rostroraja velezi (Rajiformes: Rajidae)
Authors: Soto‐López Katherin , Ochoa‐Báez Rosa Isabel , Galván‐Magaña Felipe , Oddone Maria Cristina 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe Rasptail skate Rostroraja velezi is commercially exploited in artisanal elasmobranch fisheries along the west coast of Baja California Sur, Mexico, but information on its life history is limited. This study aimed to investigate the reproductive biology of R. velezi. A total of 105 specimens were caught from April 2008 to May 2012, including the largest reported specimen with 121 cm total length, 96 cm disc width (DW). Females attained larger sizes than males. Males and females presented functional gonads. There was an asymmetry in the testes of males, with the left testis being larger. Histological analysis of the reproductive biology of R. velezi was performed here for the first time. The presence of sperm storage in females and spermatogenic development beginning at the first stages of maturity in males was recorded. It was possible to identify the development of secretions in the club, baffle and terminal zone of the oviducal gland. DW at maturity, defined as the DW at which 50% of the population is mature, was estimated at 68–72 cm for females and 65.1 cm for males. Egg‐bearing females caught in April and May presented one egg capsule per uterus. Furthermore, a description of the egg capsule of R. velezi is provided. Elucidating the reproductive cycle, the type of reproductive strategies, and the fecundity of R. velezi will allow us to understand the impact of fisheries on this species.
An MDS 3.0 Distressed Behavior in Dementia Indicator (DBDI): A Clinical Tool to Capture Change
Authors: Curyto Kimberly J. , Jedele Jenefer M. , Mohr David C. , Eaker April , Intrator Orna , Karel Michele 
Published: November 2020

Background/ObjectivesPersons with dementia frequently demonstrate distress behaviors in dementia (DBD), associated with poorer outcomes. This study aimed to create a measure of DBD from routinely administered Minimum Data Set (MDS 3.0) behavior section items that demonstrated sensitivity to change, for evaluation of intervention efforts for VA Community Living Center (CLCs) residents exhibiting DBD.Setting72 VA nursing home settings, or Community Living Centers (CLCs).ParticipantsCLC residents with DBD (n = 302) were enrolled in an interdisciplinary behavioral intervention between 2013 and 2017.DesignA factor analysis of MDS behavior section items from assessments closest to baseline was conducted. Internal consistency, hypothesized associations between MDS factors and clinical measures, and sensitivity to detect change over time was explored.MeasurementsResidents were assessed at baseline and post‐intervention using the MDS behavior section items and a validated clinical measure of DBD.ResultsThe Distress Behavior in Dementia Indicator (DBDI) was created as a consistent factor with internal consistency, and was related to a validated measure as predicted at baseline and post‐intervention. Sensitivity to change was demonstrated by using change score correlations (r = 0.40–0.50), effect size (d = 0.63), and reliable change indices.ConclusionThe DBDI is recommended for routine use in CLCs to evaluate impact of intervention effectiveness and provide quality improvement feedback.
Evaluating the efficacy and safety of topical sirolimus 0.2% cream as adjuvant therapy with pulsed dye laser for the treatment of port wine stain: A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial
Authors: Fallahi Mahsa , Hallaji Zahra , Tavakolpour Soheil , Niknam Somayeh , Salehi Farid Ali , Nili Ali , Teimourpour Amir , Daneshpazhooh Maryam , Rahmati Javad , Haddady Abianeh Shahriar , Mahmoudi Hamidreza 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundPort Wine Stain (PWS) is a congenital capillary malformation. Although multiple treatments are required, the gold standard treatment for PWS is Pulsed Dye Laser (PDL). Given its anti‐angiogenic effects, sirolimus can be considered as an adjuvant to PDL in PWS.AimTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of topical sirolimus (Rapamycin) 0.2% cream as adjuvant therapy for PDL for PWS.MethodsIn this randomized double‐blind placebo‐controlled trial, 15 patients with PWS were enrolled. Each lesion was divided into upper and lower parts, and each part was assigned randomly to receive PDL (4 sessions, 2 months apart) plus sirolimus vs PDL and placebo. The response was evaluated using colorimetry, investigator global assessment (IGA), and patient global assessment (PGA) every two months for eight continuous months.ResultsAccording to the colorimetric analysis, medial and lateral sides of the treatment and placebo parts did not differ significantly (both P‐value > .05). However, according to PGA and IGA, there was a significant difference in favor of sirolimus (P‐values = .041 and .039, respectively). Itching and dryness (86.7%), contact dermatitis (20%) were the most common adverse effects in the sirolimus group, while none of them were observed in placebo.ConclusionAlthough the improvement was significant subjectively, topical sirolimus 0.2% as an adjuvant to PDL does not appear to improve PWS erythema using calorimetric assessment.
Upper eyelid blepharoplasty using plasma exeresis: Evaluation of outcomes, satisfaction, and symptoms after procedure
Authors: Ferreira Flávio Calice , Sathler Célia Simões Cardoso de Oliveira , Hida Ilana Yamakami , Leite Suzana Crispin , Kusabara Alessandra Akemi , de Castro Ana Clara Vieira , Ribeiro Mariana Zaíra Moraes Lima , Nahas Tatiana Rizkallah 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundFacial care treatments have grown a remarkable demand for effective and minimally invasive techniques with fast recovery time. Plasma technology is a nonsurgical alternative technique for skin rejuvenation.AimsWe assessed patient satisfaction and symptoms after upper eyelid blepharoplasty with plasma technology.Patients/MethodsObservational study including 16 patients submitted to upper eyelid blepharoplasty using plasma technology to treat dermatochalasis. Patient satisfaction, symptoms, and quality of life were assessed using 2 questionnaires at follow‐up days 7 and 30. Also, the answers were correlated with age, Fitzpatrick skin type, and quantity of eyelid skin treated with plasma.ResultsAll 16 patients were treated and completed the survey. Fourteen (87.5%) were female, and the mean age was 50.5 years. Physical appearance was the most relevant factor impacting on quality of life at first week postoperative. Regarding satisfaction with results, most patients stated higher level of satisfaction at day 7 follow‐up analysis (P = .038). Less impact on quality of life and higher satisfaction was associated with eyelid‐treated area (P = .044 and P = .036) and Fitzpatrick skin type (P = .043) at 7 and 30 days after procedure, respectively. Eyelid edema and itching were the symptoms most reported at 7 and 30 days, respectively.ConclusionsUpper blepharoplasty with plasma is a minimally invasive treatment with low impact on quality of life. However, overall patient satisfaction is questionable when considering less willing of undergoing procedure again and decreased expectation with results over postoperative period. Symptoms are reported mainly at the first week after procedure.
MR Diffusion Properties of Cervical Spinal Cord as a Predictor of Progression to Multiple Sclerosis in Patients with Clinically Isolated Syndrome
Authors: Dostál Marek , Keřkovský Miloš , Stulík Jakub , Bednařík Josef , Praksová Petra , Hulová Monika , Benešová Yvonne , Koriťáková Eva , Šprláková‐Puková Andrea , Mechl Marek 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSEThis study's aim was to investigate diffusion properties of the cervical spinal cord in patients with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) through analysis of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data and thereby to assess the capacity of this technique for predicting the progression of CIS to clinically definite multiple sclerosis (CDMS).METHODSThe study groups were comprised of 47 patients with CIS (15 of them with progression to CDMS within 2 years of follow‐up) and 57 asymptomatic controls. All patients and controls had undergone magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the cervical spine including DTI and brain MRI. Methodological approaches included histogram analysis of the cervical cord's diffusion parameters and evaluation of T2 hyperintense lesions of the spinal cord and brain. All parameters were compared between the study groups. Sensitivity and specificity calculations were then performed with a view to predicting conversion to CDMS.RESULTSThe patient subgroups defined by progression to CDMS differed significantly in values of fractional anisotropy (FA) kurtosis measured within white matter (WM) and normal‐appearing WM (NAWM). The same parameters also differed significantly when patients with progression to CDMS were compared to healthy controls. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis revealed sensitivity and specificity of FA kurtosis of WM and NAWM of 93% and 72%, respectively, in terms of predicting CIS to CDMS progression.CONCLUSIONThis study presents evidence that histogram analysis of diffusion parameters of the cervical spinal cord in patients with CIS may be helpful in predicting conversion to CDMS.
Fostering team learning orientation magnitude and strength: Roles of transformational leadership, team personality heterogeneity, and behavioural integration
Authors: Chiu Chia‐Yen (Chad) , Lin Hao‐Chieh , Ostroff Cheri 
Published: November 2020

Team learning orientation magnitude and strength are important to sustain group effectiveness and adaptability, but scant research has investigated them simultaneously. We examine how transformational leadership, behavioural integration, and the degree of team personality heterogeneity in extraversion and agreeableness contribute to the magnitude and strength of team learning orientation. In study 1, using a time‐lagged survey sample of 50 work teams, we found that transformational leadership was associated with two team learning orientation aspects through the mediation of behavioural integration. In study 2, in a survey sample of 72 teams, we replicated these findings and further demonstrated that the relationship between transformational leadership and behavioural integration is enhanced when there is greater personality homogeneity in agreeableness. Our findings suggest that transformational leadership is able to converge a high and strong learning orientation in work teams through prompting behavioural integration among members, yet the influence of transformational leadership is contingent on the degree of team personality heterogeneity. Our research conclusions highlight important insights for team leaders about how to create a strong team climate of learning in order to sustain the long‐term success of their work teams.Practitioner points

Transformational leadership is shown to be associated with high levels of team learning orientation magnitude and strength. Thus, to encourage team learning, adopting transformational leadership training is an effective strategy.

To converge team learning orientation (i.e., promoting strength), it is important for transformational leaders to encourage information exchange, collaboration, and joint decision‐making (i.e., behavioural integration) among team members.

The influence of transformational leadership can be amplified when the team is homogenous on members’ personality. As a result, providing leaders with knowledge of the ‘deep‐level’ composition of team members could help them better foster team behavioural and learning dynamics
How experts screen ideas: The complex interplay of intuition, analysis and sensemaking
Authors: Sukhov Alexandre , Sihvonen Antti , Netz Johan , Magnusson Peter , Olsson Lars E. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractOrganizations use idea screening to select which ideas will be developed into innovation projects. Extant research has revealed that, during idea screening, expert evaluators use intuition to make rapid holistic decisions about idea quality, analyze ideas in detail to determine their value and employ sensemaking to understand and elaborate on ideas. However, much of this takes place in the minds of the evaluators, which limits our understanding of how experts identify good ideas. This study addresses the issue by mapping the activities that expert evaluators use to screen ideas and by examining how these activities are used to identify high quality ideas. To study this, 204 idea screening cases were collected, using the think aloud method on two samples of experts. The data was analyzed using grounded theory techniques to outline the range of idea screening activities that expert evaluators use and then complemented with fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) to understand how these activities are combined together to make judgments of idea quality. The findings break down intuition, analysis, and sensemaking into seven key activities that experts use when screening ideas and detail their dimensions on the micro‐level. The fsQCA further shows that experts combine these activities into distinct patterns in order to find high quality ideas, where sensemaking plays a crucial role. This demonstrates that finding high quality ideas often requires effortful interpretation, while also generating opportunities to develop ideas further. These findings add depth to our understanding of how evaluators think when screening ideas, suggesting that expert evaluators can be used for both the screening and development of ideas during the idea screening stage. Integrating idea development into screening can potentially lead to the more effective use of resources, while saving time at the front‐end of innovation.
Secular nationalist revolution and the construction of the Azerbaijani identity, nation and state
Authors: Ahmadoghlu Ramin 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis article traces the emergence and development of Azerbaijani nationalism, identity and the establishment of an independent nation‐state, the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic, the first Muslim democracy in 1918. Before, the Azerbaijani Turks had lacked a distinct national identity and had been called “Caucasian Muslims” or “Tatars.” This study addresses what actors and processes played roles in the construction of the “Azerbaijani” nation and identity and in the establishment of the new nation‐state. This article, from a constructivist perspective, argues that the key factor behind this emergence was the secular nationalist revolution of the Azerbaijani nationalist elite. While agreeing with Benedict Anderson on the “imagined” nature of nations, about the links between secularization and nationalism, and about the print media's role in the nationalist imagining, this study departs from his structuralist approach, which neglects or underestimates agency, interests, strategy, resources and power. In explaining the development of the Azerbaijani identity and nation, this study offers a theoretical explanation that moves agency—the secular nationalist Azerbaijani elite—to the foreground and also acknowledges the impact of structural factors.
Miniplate‐anchored maxillary protraction in adolescent patients with cleft lip and palate: A literature review of study design, type and protocol, and treatment outcomes
Authors: Ahn Hyo‐Won , Kim Su‐Jung , Baek Seung‐Hak 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo review the study design, type, protocol, and treatment outcomes of miniplate‐anchored maxillary protraction (MAMP) in adolescent patients with unilateral or bilateral cleft lip and palate.Setting/Sample populationFive retrospective and two prospective studies (n = 138 patients) were selected as per the inclusion criteria.Materials and MethodsThe study design, type, protocol of MAMP and the amount of skeletodental change were investigated.ResultsTwo studies adopted type 1 (two miniplates at the infrazygomatic crest with a facemask), four studies adopted type 2 (four miniplates at the infrazygomatic crest and mandibular symphysis and use of intermaxillary elastics), and one study compared the two types. The mean start age was older than 10 years except one study. The mean duration was less than 1 year in two studies, between 1 and 2 years in three studies, and more than 2 years in two studies. The type 1 used 500 g/side for 12‐14 h/d, and the type 2 used three increase methods (100, 200, 250 g/side; 75, 150, 250 g/side; 150, 200, and 250 g/side) for 24 h/d. The ranges of A point advancement were 0.5°‐4.2° in ΔSNA and 1.7‐5.6 mm in ΔA‐vertical reference plane, respectively. The ranges of rotation of the palatal plane, occlusal plane, and mandibular plane were −1.5° to 2.0°, −2.0° to 2.0°, −1.5° to 3.2°, respectively. The increase of overjet was ranged from 2.3 to 5.8 mm.ConclusionThe MAMP therapy is effective for the correction of maxillary hypoplasia in adolescent cleft patients despite different types and protocols.