bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Redemption Accomplished
Authors: Vanhoozer Kevin J. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractReformed theologians make sense of what Jesus did to redeem sinners by situating his life, death, and work in the broader context of God’s covenantal relationship with Israel and, in particular, with the three offices that structured the life of God’s holy nation: prophet, priest, and king. Reformed theologians agree that scripture narrates the history of redemption in terms of an overarching covenant of grace, though some criticize a perceived overemphasis on Christ’s obedience to the law as a ‘work’ that must be performed in order to merit grace. In order to preserve the best insights from federal theology and its critics, this essay sets forth a thesis that emphasizes federal satisfaction through filial obedience: Jesus Christ, the eternal Son of God made man, accomplished redemption by exchanging his status as covenant Lord for that of covenant servant to fulfil the covenant stipulation through his active obedience and to suffer the covenant sanction through his passive obedience to procure the covenant blessing (filial adoption) for God’s covenant people. It then goes on to explain the intent, content, event, and extent of Christ’s atoning work, and concludes that redemption is not simply accomplished by Christ but is found in him.
Church
Authors: Pauw Amy Plantinga 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Theological reflection on the church is always lodged in a particular ecclesial context. The church is the aggregate of the finite, fallible communities gathered by God across time and space to live in response to the Gospel of Jesus Christ, and theological emphasis must remain on the visible, earthen vessel church. The church trusts in God’s mercy and not in its own strength or virtue. Ecclesiology must take into account the historical ups and downs of the church and its great adaptive power to thrive in different contexts. The church’s life has a centrifugal force: it proclaims and enacts God’s gracious intentions for the whole world, and is called to live alongside others in witness, interdependence, and collaboration. The church is not the end of the ways of God, and it should not be the fulcrum of Christian dogmatics.
Sacraments
Authors: Moore-Keish Martha 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis chapter explores sacramental theology in the Reformed tradition from the sixteenth century to the present, with attention to practices as well as secondary theological reflection. It begins with a brief discussion of biblical and early church roots of sacramental theology and acknowledges the developments of the medieval era before turning to sixteenth-century critiques and reinterpretations. Historical sections include attention to reform, revival, and sacramental renewal. The concluding section offers a glimpse into some of the contemporary debates in Reformed sacramental theology.
Liturgy
Authors: Rozeboom Sue A. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Despite the variations, even vagaries, of liturgical practice within the Reformed tradition, a considered reflection on worship, articulated with a Reformed accent, both speaks from and sets forth a common theology of worship. Likewise, the Reformed tradition is a Christian tradition, and in this sense is a catholic tradition, belonging to that one community of which the apostle Paul—employing not just theological argument, but liturgical theological argument—says: ‘there is one Lord, one faith, one baptism, one God and father of us all.’ So the way the Reformed tradition speaks theologically—even specifically theologically about liturgy, about worship—voices not a new language, but a commonly Christian language, articulated with a Reformed accent. This chapter traces the basic lineaments of Reformed orders of service, showing their theological inflections.
Last Things
Authors: Holmes Christopher R. J. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Concentration on God makes Reformed theology ‘reformed’, and this concentration will form the basis for the treatment of eschatology in the present chapter. I pursue three things in this chapter. First, I provide a brief account of a few of the main themes of eschatology in Reformed perspective in conversation with the leading English-speaking Reformed theologian of the twentieth century, Thomas F. Torrance. Second, I provide a distinctive and substantial interpretation of the last things from a Reformed vantage point, arguing for the importance of God for any biblically faithful eschatology. I do so in dialogue with Calvin’s commentary on 1 Corinthians 15 and, secondarily, with Barth’s commentary on the same. Third and last, I present some avenues for future research, especially the immanent life of God and the beatific vision.
Governing Ideas and Collective Expectations
Authors: Walter James 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
People see their political world through a lens constituted by implicit ideas. These ideas are instilled through political socialization and through more programmatic schemas advanced by the parties and interest groups with which an individual identifies. Each society cultivates such processes in unique ways depending upon its historical circumstances; but as circumstances change, so ideas evolve and are adapted. Thus, a distinctive core culture and associated public expectations about the possibilities of collective action emerges. This chapter traces the development of an Australian political culture, identifying the inheritance at its core and the successive modifications that have shaped the contemporary polity.
Goenka’s Vipassana Movement
Authors: Rahmani Masoumeh 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
S. N. Goenka’s Vipassana movement is famous for its ten-day intensive silent retreats and its consistent rejection of religious categories, though its teachings and practices are directly derived from Theravada Buddhism. Drawing from qualitative research, this chapter examines a range of rhetorical strategies that Goenka uses to distinguish his movement from religion and the implication of these discourses on shaping unique patterns of conversion and disengagement. It introduces the term “tacit conversion” to describe a process whereby increased socialization into a movement and the adoption of its language paradoxically renders conversion invisible for the member. The chapter subsequently explores various disengagement pathways from this movement.
Meditation Sickness
Authors: Ahn Juhn Y. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Buddhists commonly assumed the path to liberation to require perfect concentration or supernatural insight, or the combination of the two. Concerns were therefore often voiced about the inability to attain concentration and the possibility of insight going awry. Buddhists came to regard these undesirable conditions as sickness and called them meditation sicknesses. This chapter provides an overview of canonical Buddhist discourses about these two meditation sicknesses. It begins with a discussion of the hindrances to the attainment of concentration and then proceeds to discuss concerns about insight, which were voiced mainly in Mahayana and Chan and Zen sources.
Intersectionality and Psychotherapy with an Eye to Clinical and Professional Ethics
Authors: Nayak Suryia 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Clinical and professional ethics is primarily an issue of power. Born out of the historical anti-racist, anti-sexist, and class struggles of women of color, intersectionality is a theory and method for actively attending to issues of power, which function through social constructions of difference and diversity. Whilst intersectionality is not a form of psychotherapy, it provides a framework of thinking and practice that explicitly addresses the mutually constitutive relationship between social contexts of inequality due to divisions based on difference and the psychological impact of inhabiting divisive contexts. It is incumbent upon psychotherapy to provide forms of therapeutic interventions that offer insight and recovery from destructive fragmentary ways of being. The value of intersectionality is that it explicitly names and foregrounds the issue of social inequality and unequal power relations. Furthermore, intersectionality encompasses specific reference to the play of power dynamics arising from context. Intersectionality locates the (re)production of identity in the conditions of context; thereby resisting reductionist formulations of mental distress, which stigmatize individuals and groups. The importance of emphasizing location or context enables a repositioning of shame and blame from the individual to the situations they inhabit. If the experience of oppression is intersectional, it could be argued that an ethical position for psychotherapy is an intersectional position. Significantly, the Black feminist historical roots of intersectionality enable a psychosocial therapeutic approach that foregrounds the political dimension of the lived experience of inequality and insists that there is nothing neutral about the psychosocial experience of oppression.
Ethical Considerations of Court-Ordered Outpatient Therapy
Authors: Becker Josh E. , Cecil Audrey L. , Gottlieb Michael C. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Court-ordered outpatient psychotherapy (COT) has been used in the criminal justice system for treatment of adolescents and adults for a number of problems such as mental illness, substance use, and sex offenses, and the number and frequency of such orders has grown at a dramatic rate. Practitioners are being asked to treat someone even though they are not free to exercise the normal duties they would have toward their voluntary patients. This circumstance creates a number of potential ethical dilemmas regarding informed consent, potential loyalty conflicts, violations of confidentiality, and the risk of therapeutic ruptures that clinicians typically do not encounter on daily basis. This chapter will explore these ethical issues and provide examples of questions practitioners should take into account when working with this population.
Ethical Psychotherapeutic Management of Patients with Medically Unexplained Symptoms: The Risk of Misdiagnosis and Harm
Authors: O’Leary Diane , Geraghty Keith 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Management of medically unexplained symptoms (MUS) is undergoing a period of change. We see this in the recent breakdown of consensus on mental health management of quintessential medically unexplained conditions (like myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome), and in recent work in bioethics suggesting that the issue of biological versus mental health management of MUS is fundamentally an ethical matter. For these reasons, it is important to think carefully about ethical aspects of MUS management in psychotherapeutic settings. In the first part of this chapter, the authors show how ambiguity in the term “MUS” leads to routine conflation of diagnostic uncertainty with psychological diagnosis for unexplained symptoms in medical settings. The second part of the chapter explores evidence suggesting that substantial harm results from a failure to draw that distinction in medical settings, and clarifies the psychotherapist’s obligations to avoid those harms. The authors then explore the risk for psychological harms when psychotherapists conflate diagnostic uncertainty with psychological diagnosis. Finally, they consider challenges to informed consent in psychotherapy for MUS. The chapter concludes with principles for ethical psychotherapeutic management of MUS.
Ethics and Expert Authority in the Patient–Psychotherapist Relationship
Authors: Guidry-Grimes Laura , Watson Jamie Carlin 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The consumer/survivor/ex-patient movement contends that individuals diagnosed with mental health conditions are routinely doubted or dismissed when they make claims about their needs, values, and interests. Too many therapists, the claim goes, take a parentalist stance toward their patients. Recent work on expertise shows how some patients can acquire competence with their medical condition sufficient for sophisticated participation in management of their care; that is, they can become “patient experts.” This chapter argues that many psychotherapy patients can become patient experts and, thereby, benefit from robust shared decision making (SDM). In these cases, attitudes of distrust and protectionism can lead to the moral failure of epistemic injustice, thereby harming both the patient and the therapeutic relationship. Drawing on recent literature on epistemic injustice, SDM, and expertise from epistemology, the authors contend that the success of SDM relies largely on the therapist’s appreciation of the varying types and degrees of expertise and epistemic advantage involved in decision making.
Introduction
Authors: Braun Rebecca 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This introductory chapter explains what ‘world authorship’ is, and how consciously working with this concept might change the way we make sense of literature as both a live social phenomenon and an object of study. Divided into four core sections—‘World Literature Needs World Authors’, ‘A New Approach to Authorship’, ‘World Authorship over Time’, and ‘Doing Literature Differently’—it locates the concept within existing literary practices around the world as well as diverse academic approaches to the study of literature. Weaving each of the following twenty-five chapters into a larger frame, it shows how the approach pioneered by this handbook challenges and extends the way we engage with literature today, and what we might be able to do in the future.
Independence
Authors: Hockx Michel 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The Chinese literary field is conventionally divided into two overlapping and mutually sustaining spheres: the ‘official’ and the ‘unofficial’. The former refers to activities sponsored by the state-funded Writers Association and publications by state-owned publishing houses. The latter, sometimes misleadingly designated as ‘underground’, refers to privately funded activities by a self-appointed cultural elite that derives part of its identity from being at odds with the state, and these days also with the market. Since the arrival of the internet, some ‘unofficial’ literary activity has moved online. This chapter describes a fascinating, if extreme, example: the online literary journal Heilan (Black and Blue), run by a group of experimental fiction writers enamoured with the French nouveau roman. It found and explored a unique niche for its uncompromising literary ideas, keeping them alive for much longer than any other ‘unofficial’ group, virtually unnoticed by censors and critics alike.
Media
Authors: Ukwu Chidi 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
What role does media evolution play in our understanding of authorship? And how do we conceptualize new media authors? This chapter takes us to the production studios of Nollywood in Nigeria, which, because of its size, level of specialization, and, most importantly, the speed at which it operates, is perhaps best approached as an incubator that creates a hothouse atmosphere around artistic and social pressures—pressures that are also present in Western media centres. Emerging from this environment is the ‘super-producer’. In this formidable rival to the literary author, Ukwu detects a modern-day version of the griot, the traditional African storytellers who similarly earned acclaim through their ability to adapt and improvise stories, rather than by the process of ‘authoring’ them.
Networks
Authors: Bravo Luis 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The Uruguayan poet, journalist, and literature scholar Luis Bravo has organized poetry festivals in his native country for more than twenty-five years, and has been featured as a speaker and performer at many more such events across Latin America. In this chapter on ‘Networks’, he reflects on how the rise of digital communications and networking technologies during this time period has helped poets disseminate their craft and resist the pressures of both military dictatorships and neoliberal publishing regimes. The chapter explores how established poets utilize networking tools to weather rapidly changing, and frequently hostile, sociocultural environments. The chapter shows clearly that both literature and authorial reputations can travel transnationally without ever having to be translated, and thereby shows us that authorial worlds exist on multiple scales and are not to be equated with ‘the global’ alone.
Beginnings
Authors: Beecroft Alexander 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThrough a wide-angle exposition of the history of authorship that takes us back to Mesopotamia, Ancient Greec,e and Early China as well as medieval Europe, this chapter shows how, for much of human life, textuality and authorship were mutually imbricated constructs. Not only have readers regularly sought out biographical details to illuminate literary fictions; they also in many instances treated literary texts not as a goal in their own right, but rather as a means of shedding light on life stories. Furthermore, authors routinely drew previously existing texts back into their own ambit, working on them as compilers or commentators, not least in order to shore up their own identity. When these trends are seen across the longue durée of world literary history in its most expansive sense, a quite different understanding of what it might mean to author a text emerges that draws on fundamentally different notions of individuality and origin from those that are routinely—and perhaps quite misleadingly—invoked in the modern period.
Representation
Authors: Aghalaya Sridhara 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
‘Representation’ is one of the most difficult and contentious terms in literary studies. The word refers both to the process by which an artwork depicts the world, and to the dynamic by which people obtain recognition within political systems. Closely related to the second of these definitions is yet a third that is much less commonly examined—namely, the process by which authors first catch the attention of powerful publishing consortia. In this chapter, the literary agent and publisher Sridhar Aghalaya outlines his primary mission, which is not the representation of his clients to publishing houses in the Western world, but rather the demolition of a conservative and caste-bound literary system within India itself.
Voice
Authors: Sandig Ulrike Almut 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Few terms are as central to the modern understanding of authorship as ‘voice’. Prior to the nineteenth century, authors were rarely, if ever, discussed in terms of having a distinctive voice, but this changed with the rise of the romantic cult of personality. But the question of voice is also fraught with difficult questions of representation, inclusion, and marginalization. In this chapter, the poet and performance artist Ulrike Almut Sandig approaches this question by reminding us that the human voice is a composite phenomenon that requires both the human body and human language. Voice is not constituted by material reality alone and can thus also not be reduced to biology. But neither is it strictly semiotic and is therefore irreducible to the cultural signifiers that constitute gender or racial identities.
Collaboration
Authors: Bacharach Sondra 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This chapter demonstrates how the process of constructing a theory of authorship around a single individual, writing independently or authoring in solitary isolation, has become untenable. New media technologies make new forms of authorship possible and invite alternative methods of conceptualizing an author—from zines, to the Web 2.0, to comics. This chapter thus presents an overview of recent philosophical approaches to the question of collaborative authorship and advocates for an approach to the phenomenon that would rely less on authorial intentions than it would on commitments. The distinction has obvious implications for theories of authorship more generally: to call yourself an author, so it suggests, you have to be willing also to take ethical and intellectual ownership of what you have written.
Communities
Authors: Nambozo Nsengiyunva Beverley 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In this chapter, Ugandan poet and literary activist Beverley Nambozo Nsengiyunva not only describes her work and the process by which local relationships have promoted her artistic growth, but also attempts to give a space to these connections. One of the most insidious characteristics of our uneven literary world system, in which countries in the West European and North American ‘centre’ dominate others at the global ‘periphery’, is that it can easily isolate writers from their own communities. In order to achieve fame and prestige, authors from less privileged countries need relentlessly to network with editors, translators, and other literary gatekeepers from faraway places. As a result, local connections are lost. This chapter explores how Beverley has devoted much of her professional life to combating this loss of community.
Death
Authors: Peeters Benoît 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Roland Barthes’s 1967 essay ‘The Death of the Author’ looms large over any attempt to argue for the renewed necessity of incorporating considerations of authorship into the study of world literature. Less than a decade after the publication of ‘Death of the Author’, however, Barthes followed up on it with an autobiography, albeit a deeply unorthodox one. In tracing the fortunes of this autobiography through subsequent editions and translations, the graphic novelist, biographer, and comics expert Benoît Peeters demonstrates how our image of an author, just like our understanding of a literary work according to Barthes’s structuralist understanding, is conditioned by unconscious and even impersonal forces. The simple decision by an editor unfamiliar with the contents of Roland Barthes by Roland Barthes to exchange a cover illustration in order to make the book more closely conform to genre conventions can have devastating consequences.
James, Intentionality, and Analysis
Authors: Jackman Henry 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
William James was always gripped by the problem of intentionality (or “knowing”), that is, of how our thoughts come to be about the world. Nevertheless, coming up with a sympathetic reading of James’s account requires appreciating that James’s approach to analyzing a phenomenon is very different from that which most contemporary philosophers have found natural. In particular, rather than trying to give necessary and sufficient conditions for a thought’s being about an object, James presented an account of intentionality that focused on certain core cases (particularly those where we actually see or handle the objects of our thoughts), and explained the extension of our “knowing” talk to other cases (objects and events in the past, unobservables, etc.) in terms of various pragmatically relevant relations that can be found between those cases and the “core.” Once this account of intentionality is in place, a number of features of James’s approach to truth come in to clearer focus, and can seem less problematic than they would if one presupposed a more traditional account of intentionality and analysis.
James and Attention
Authors: Prinz Jesse 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This chapter discusses William James’s analysis of attention in the Principles of Psychology (1890). Though presented as an empirical review, it is really much more, since James offers original theoretical perspectives on attention, and attention becomes an important player in his theory of the mind, more broadly. It factors, for example, into his theories of perception, belief, and the will. The chapter then summarizes James’s treatment of attention and offers a theory of what attention is and what it does. It suggests that James postulates a kind of spontaneity in mental processes that are often regarded as merely receptive, and that this has implications for philosophical psychology, the philosophy of mind, epistemology, and even ontology.