bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Cool and tasty waters”: managing Naples’s water supply, c. 1500–c. 1750
Authors: Gentilcore David 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAlthough Naples was one of Europe’s largest cities (after London and Paris), studies of the management of its water supply during the early modern period are sorely lacking, despite growing interest in the subject at both an Italian and European level. Naples was perhaps unique in relying on a vast and tortuous underground network of reservoirs, cisterns, channels and conduits, accessed by well shafts, all fed by an ancient aqueduct. The present study outlines and evaluates the Neapolitan water supply as it existed in the period, analysing the archival records of the municipal tribunal responsible for the city’s infrastructure, the ‘Tribunale della Fortificazione, Acqua e Mattonata’, and its various ‘Appuntamenti’ (proposals), ‘Conclusioni’ (decisions) and edicts. This is interwoven with reference to pertinent printed accounts, from contemporary guide books to medical regimens and health manuals. We examine both water quantity, in terms of availability and accessibility (by looking at the structure and its management, and the technicians responsible for its maintenance) and water quality (by looking at contemporary attitudes and perceptions). In the process we are able to question the widespread view of early modern Naples as chaotic and uncontrolled, governed by a weak public authority, as well as widely held assumptions about the “inertia” of the pre-modern hydro-social system more generally.
Anthropometric parameters measurement to predict 4-strand hamstring autograft size in single bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction of South Sulawesi population
Authors: Sakti Muhammad , Yurianto Henry , Pasallo Padlan , Hidayatullah Syarif , Faisal Arief , Subagio Erich Svante 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Among many available autograft options for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction, hamstring tendon (HT) is the most popular graft. The ability to identify whether patient is at risk of inadequate HT autograft size prior to surgery is very important. Among some methods that have been done, anthropometric parameters are considered as an easy and cost effective method in predicting the size of HT autograft. In order to predict the length of semitendinosus tendon (ST), gracilis tendon (GT) and quadrupled HT graft diameter, a prospective study was conducted to determine the anthropometric parameters.

Method:
Anthropometric parameters, including age, gender, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), true leg length (TLL), thigh circumference and thigh length of 60 patients with primary ACL reconstruction was measured before surgery. Using univariate analysis, independent-sample t-test, Pearson correlation test, and simple logistic regression to evaluate the correlation of these anthropometric variables on the size of the graft obtained.

Result:
Average values for GT length (23.17 ± 3.01 cm), ST length (24.93 ± 2.85 cm), and 4-strand HT autograft diameter (7.36 ± 0.66 mm). 83.33% total patients had graft diameter of 7 mm and more. Height and TLL correlate to GT length and quadruple HT autograft diameter, while thigh circumference correlates to ST length.

Conclusion:
Height and TLL can be predicting factor of GT length and quadruple HT autograft, while thigh circumference to ST length. Patients who are less than 155 cm in height and less than 76 cm in TLL are at risk of having 4-strand HT autograft diameter less than 7 mm.

Highlights:
The elephant in the room: What matters cognitively in cumulative technological culture
Authors: Osiurak François , Reynaud Emanuelle 
Published: November 2019

AbstractCumulative technological culture (CTC) refers to the increase in the efficiency and complexity of tools and techniques in human populations over generations. A fascinating question is to understand the cognitive origins of this phenomenon. Because CTC is definitely a social phenomenon, most accounts have suggested a series of cognitive mechanisms oriented toward the social dimension (e.g., teaching, imitation, theory of mind, and metacognition), thereby minimizing the technical dimension and the potential influence of non-social, cognitive skills. What if we have failed to see the elephant in the room? What if social cognitive mechanisms were only catalyzing factors and not thesufficient and necessaryconditions for the emergence of CTC? In this article, we offer an alternative, unified cognitive approach to this phenomenon by assuming that CTC originates in non-social cognitive skills, namely technical-reasoning skills which enable humans to develop the technical potential necessary to constantly acquire and improve technical information. This leads us to discuss how theory of mind and metacognition, in concert with technical reasoning, can help boost CTC. The cognitive approach developed here opens up promising new avenues for reinterpreting classical issues (e.g., innovation, emulation vs. imitation, social vs. asocial learning, cooperation, teaching, and overimitation) in a field that has so far been largely dominated by other disciplines, such as evolutionary biology, mathematics, anthropology, archeology, economics, and philosophy.
The gender of walking: female pedestrians in street photographs 1890–1989
Authors: Männistö-Funk Tiina 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis article focuses on the role of gender in walking by studying thousands of street photographs taken between 1890 and 1989 in the city of Turku. Analysis of the photographs presents female pedestrians as the most numerous and continuously large group on the urban streets and reveals gendered patterns and practices of walking. Furthermore, it showcases how female mobility patterns were ignored and harmed by the car-centred city planning and traffic solutions of the mid- and late twentieth century. At the same time, women's walking appears as a central enabler of the fragile technological system that is motorized urban transport.
The Language of the Kharg Island
Authors: BORJIAN HABIB 
Published: November 2019

AbstractKhargi is spoken on the island of Kharg in the Persian Gulf. A member of the Southwest branch of the Iranian languages, Khargi is related to the languages spoken in the province of Fārs and along the coastal line down to the Strait of Hormuz, suggesting extensive maritime contact, yet does not lend itself to any of the known subgroups of the family. As Khargi remains largely obscure, this article offers a morphosyntax and lexical analysis based on published texts and those collected by the author. It investigates the linguistic position of Khargi based on comparative-historical phonology as well as areal features, with a look at cross-linguistic influence in the situation of language contact. By contrasting linguistic findings with details of history and economy, an attempt is made to date the original and later human settlements on the island.1
Vulnerability of clitics and articles to bilingual effects in typically developing Spanish–English bilingual children
Authors: Castilla-Earls Anny , Pérez-Leroux Ana Teresa , Martinez-Nieto Lourdes , Restrepo Maria Adelaida , Barr Christopher 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis study examines bilingual effects in Spanish–English bilingual children with good maintenance of the minority language. The present study compares the performance of a group of Spanish-monolingual children (MON; n = 30) with two groups of Spanish-speaking bilingual children (Low English proficiency group: LEP; n = 36; High English proficiency group, HEP; n = 36) on the elicited productions of Spanish articles and object clitics. Our results suggest that children with LEP performed significantly lower than MON children of the same age on both articles and clitics in Spanish. However, children with HEP, who were a year older on average, performed similarly to the MON group. Both groups of bilingual children produced errors of clitic omission and substitution, but these errors were minimal in the MON group. The results suggest that Spanish clitics and articles are vulnerable to bilingual effects for English/Spanish speaking children with good Spanish maintenance.
Accuracy of paratuberculosis diagnostic tests in small ruminants: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Buczinski S. , Arsenault J. , Kostoulas P. , Corbière F. , Fecteau G. , Dendukuri N. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractParatuberculosis is a worldwide infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (MAP). Various ruminant species can be affected by the disease, and the diagnosis of the disease is challenging in the absence of a gold standard test. The aim of this systematic review protocol is to determine the accuracy of the direct and indirect diagnostic tests for MAP infection with a special focus on sheep and goats.
Closure of Secondary Basins Causes Channel Deepening in Estuaries With Moderate to High Friction
Authors: Nnafie A. , de Swart H. E. , De Maerschalck B. , Van Oyen T. , van der Vegt M. , van der Wegen M. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractEstuaries are often characterized by the presence of secondary basins (side embayments), which affect the estuarine hydrodynamics and sediment dynamics. Many of these basins have disappeared due to land reclamations, which might influence the estuarine morphodynamics. This study addresses how the presence and closure of secondary basins affect the estuarine channel depth using the Delft3D model. Results reveal that channels in estuaries with secondary basins are shallower than those in which these basins are absent, regardless of their location, length, or number. This shallowing is more pronounced for basins that are located at the northern estuarine margin due to the Coriolis force. The shallowing of channels increases if more secondary basins are present. Channels deepen after the closure of secondary basins, resulting from a decrease of the landward directed sediment transport that is driven by tidal asymmetry. Model results apply to estuaries with moderate to high friction.
Clustering Surface Ozone Diurnal Cycles to Understand the Impact of Circulation Patterns in Houston, TX
Authors: Bernier Claudia , Wang Yuxuan , Estes Mark , Lei Ruixue , Jia Beixi , Wang Sing‐Chun , Sun Jiajia 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe diurnal cycle of surface ozone is directly influenced by the chemistry and meteorological processes which affect a region. This study uniquely employs a clustering methodology to examine the complete diurnal pattern of surface ozone for the Houston‐Galveston‐Brazoria region and links the identified patterns to meteorological regimes for June, July, and August of 3 years (2011, 2014, and 2015). Four features were implemented into the clustering algorithm: ozone rate of decrease at night, daily minimum before sunrise, rate of increase after sunrise, and an average of afternoon ozone. Four clusters were chosen, ranging from a mostly flat diurnal pattern with low mixing ratios (~20 ppbv) throughout the day (Cluster 1), to a more variable diurnal cycle with very high mixing ratios (>70 ppbv) in the afternoon (Cluster 4). The clusters are found to associate with distinctive circulation patterns and well‐known regional meteorological processes, such as the low‐level jet and Bermuda High. The uneven distribution of the clusters between the years helps elucidate ozone interannual variability due to meteorology: Cluster 4 had 0 days assigned from 2014 due to the greater influence of circulation patterns bringing clean air from the Gulf of Mexico. We show that the clustering method better characterizes ozone variability than the simplistic method of dividing peak ozone into quantiles. With the clustering analysis, we demonstrate that the ozone diurnal pattern holds more value than just peak ozone hours of the day in providing a clearer understanding of ozone variability and associated meteorological processes.
Introduction to the Water‐Soil‐Air‐Plant‐Human Nexus: Modeling and Observing Complex Land Surface Systems at River Basin Scale
Authors: Li Xin , Xie Zhenghui 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBidirectional coupling of complex human‐nature system can be referred to as water‐soil‐air‐plant‐human nexus, and integrated studies of this nexus have been carried out in many river basins around the world. This special issue reports contributions for modeling, observing, and understanding of water‐soil‐air‐plant‐human nexus at river basin scale, particularly those from the “Integrated research on the eco‐hydrological process of the Heihe River Basin” program. This paper highlights key results as an introduction to the special issue.
Prospective biomarkers of major depressive disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kennis Mitzy , Gerritsen Lotte , van Dalen Marije , Williams Alishia , Cuijpers Pim , Bockting Claudi 
Published: November 2019

AbstractLeading biological hypotheses propose that biological changes may underlie major depressive disorder onset and relapse/recurrence. Here, we investigate if there is prospective evidence for biomarkers derived from leading theories. We focus on neuroimaging, gastrointestinal factors, immunology, neurotrophic factors, neurotransmitters, hormones, and oxidative stress. Searches were performed in Pubmed, Embase and PsychInfo for articles published up to 06/2019. References and citations of included articles were screened to identify additional articles. Inclusion criteria were having an MDD diagnosis as outcome, a biomarker as predictor, and prospective design search terms were formulated accordingly. PRISMA guidelines were applied. Meta-analyses were performed using a random effect model when three or more comparable studies were identified, using a random effect model. Our search resulted in 67,464 articles, of which 75 prospective articles were identified on: Neuroimaging (N = 24), Gastrointestinal factors (N = 1), Immunology (N = 8), Neurotrophic (N = 2), Neurotransmitters (N = 1), Hormones (N = 39), Oxidative stress (N = 1). Meta-analyses on brain volumes and immunology markers were not significant. Only cortisol (N = 19, OR = 1.294,p = 0.024) showed a predictive effect on onset/relapse/recurrence of MDD, but not on time until MDD onset/relapse/recurrence. However, this effect disappeared when studies including participants with a baseline clinical diagnosis were removed from the analyses. Other studies were too heterogeneous to compare. Thus, there is a lack of evidence for leading biological theories for onset and maintenance of depression. Only cortisol was identified as potential predictor for MDD, but results are influenced by the disease state. High-quality (prospective) studies on MDD are needed to disentangle the etiology and maintenance of MDD.
A Bayesian machine learning approach for drug target identification using diverse data types
Authors: Madhukar Neel S. , Khade Prashant K. , Huang Linda , Gayvert Kaitlyn , Galletti Giuseppe , Stogniew Martin , Allen Joshua E. , Giannakakou Paraskevi , Elemento Olivier 
Published: November 2019

AbstractDrug target identification is a crucial step in development, yet is also among the most complex. To address this, we develop BANDIT, a Bayesian machine-learning approach that integrates multiple data types to predict drug binding targets. Integrating public data, BANDIT benchmarked a ~90% accuracy on 2000+ small molecules. Applied to 14,000+ compounds without known targets, BANDIT generated ~4,000 previously unknown molecule-target predictions. From this set we validate 14 novel microtubule inhibitors, including 3 with activity on resistant cancer cells. We applied BANDIT to ONC201—an anti-cancer compound in clinical development whose target had remained elusive. We identified and validated DRD2 as ONC201’s target, and this information is now being used for precise clinical trial design. Finally, BANDIT identifies connections between different drug classes, elucidating previously unexplained clinical observations and suggesting new drug repositioning opportunities. Overall, BANDIT represents an efficient and accurate platform to accelerate drug discovery and direct clinical application.
Single-atom cobalt array bound to distorted 1T MoS2 with ensemble effect for hydrogen evolution catalysis
Authors: Qi Kun , Cui Xiaoqiang , Gu Lin , Yu Shansheng , Fan Xiaofeng , Luo Mingchuan , Xu Shan , Li Ningbo , Zheng Lirong , Zhang Qinghua , Ma Jingyuan , Gong Yue , Lv Fan , Wang Kai , Huang Haihua , Zhang Wei , Guo Shaojun , Zheng Weitao , Liu Ping 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe grand challenge in the development of atomically dispersed metallic catalysts is their low metal-atom loading density, uncontrollable localization and ambiguous interactions with supports, posing difficulty in maximizing their catalytic performance. Here, we achieve an interface catalyst consisting of atomic cobalt array covalently bound to distorted 1T MoS2 nanosheets (SA Co-D 1T MoS2). The phase of MoS2 transforming from 2H to D-1T, induced by strain from lattice mismatch and formation of Co-S covalent bond between Co and MoS2 during the assembly, is found to be essential to form the highly active single-atom array catalyst. SA Co-D 1T MoS2 achieves Pt-like activity toward HER and high long-term stability. Active-site blocking experiment together with density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that the superior catalytic behaviour is associated with an ensemble effect via the synergy of Co adatom and S of the D-1T MoS2 support by tuning hydrogen binding mode at the interface.
Transposable element expression in tumors is associated with immune infiltration and increased antigenicity
Authors: Kong Yu , Rose Christopher M. , Cass Ashley A. , Williams Alexander G. , Darwish Martine , Lianoglou Steve , Haverty Peter M. , Tong Ann-Jay , Blanchette Craig , Albert Matthew L. , Mellman Ira , Bourgon Richard , Greally John , Jhunjhunwala Suchit , Chen-Harris Haiyin 
Published: November 2019

AbstractProfound global loss of DNA methylation is a hallmark of many cancers. One potential consequence of this is the reactivation of transposable elements (TEs) which could stimulate the immune system via cell-intrinsic antiviral responses. Here, we developREdiscoverTE, a computational method for quantifying genome-wide TE expression in RNA sequencing data. Using The Cancer Genome Atlas database, we observe increased expression of over 400 TE subfamilies, of which 262 appear to result from a proximal loss of DNA methylation. The most recurrent TEs are among the evolutionarily youngest in the genome, predominantly expressed from intergenic loci, and associated with antiviral or DNA damage responses. Treatment of glioblastoma cells with a demethylation agent results in both increased TE expression and de novo presentation of TE-derived peptides on MHC class I molecules. Therapeutic reactivation of tumor-specific TEs may synergize with immunotherapy by inducing inflammation and the display of potentially immunogenic neoantigens.
Molecular mechanisms underlying phytochrome-controlled morphogenesis in plants
Authors: Legris Martina , Ince Yetkin Çaka , Fankhauser Christian 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPhytochromes are bilin-binding photosensory receptors which control development over a broad range of environmental conditions and throughout the whole plant life cycle. Light-induced conformational changes enable phytochromes to interact with signaling partners, in particular transcription factors or proteins that regulate them, resulting in large-scale transcriptional reprograming. Phytochromes also regulate promoter usage, mRNA splicing and translation through less defined routes. In this review we summarize our current understanding of plant phytochrome signaling, emphasizing recent work performed in Arabidopsis. We compare and contrast phytochrome responses and signaling mechanisms among land plants and highlight open questions in phytochrome research.
Environmental co-benefits and adverse side-effects of alternative power sector decarbonization strategies
Authors: Luderer Gunnar , Pehl Michaja , Arvesen Anders , Gibon Thomas , Bodirsky Benjamin L. , de Boer Harmen Sytze , Fricko Oliver , Hejazi Mohamad , Humpenöder Florian , Iyer Gokul , Mima Silvana , Mouratiadou Ioanna , Pietzcker Robert C. , Popp Alexander , van den Berg Maarten , van Vuuren Detlef , Hertwich Edgar G. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA rapid and deep decarbonization of power supply worldwide is required to limit global warming to well below 2 °C. Beyond greenhouse gas emissions, the power sector is also responsible for numerous other environmental impacts. Here we combine scenarios from integrated assessment models with a forward-looking life-cycle assessment to explore how alternative technology choices in power sector decarbonization pathways compare in terms of non-climate environmental impacts at the system level. While all decarbonization pathways yield major environmental co-benefits, we find that the scale of co-benefits as well as profiles of adverse side-effects depend strongly on technology choice. Mitigation scenarios focusing on wind and solar power are more effective in reducing human health impacts compared to those with low renewable energy, while inducing a more pronounced shift away from fossil and toward mineral resource depletion. Conversely, non-climate ecosystem damages are highly uncertain but tend to increase, chiefly due to land requirements for bioenergy.
A morphogenetic EphB/EphrinB code controls hepatopancreatic duct formation
Authors: Thestrup M. Ilcim , Caviglia Sara , Cayuso Jordi , Heyne Ronja L. S. , Ahmad Racha , Hofmeister Wolfgang , Satriano Letizia , Wilkinson David G. , Andersen Jesper B. , Ober Elke A. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe hepatopancreatic ductal (HPD) system connects the intrahepatic and intrapancreatic ducts to the intestine and ensures the afferent transport of the bile and pancreatic enzymes. Yet the molecular and cellular mechanisms controlling their differentiation and morphogenesis into a functional ductal system are poorly understood. Here, we characterize HPD system morphogenesis by high-resolution microscopy in zebrafish. The HPD system differentiates from a rod of unpolarized cells into mature ducts by de novo lumen formation in a dynamic multi-step process. The remodeling step from multiple nascent lumina into a single lumen requires active cell intercalation and myosin contractility. We identify key functions for EphB/EphrinB signaling in this dynamic remodeling step. Two EphrinB ligands, EphrinB1 and EphrinB2a, and two EphB receptors, EphB3b and EphB4a, control HPD morphogenesis by remodeling individual ductal compartments, and thereby coordinate the morphogenesis of this multi-compartment ductal system.