bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Indian experience of Afatinib for EGFR mutation-positive advanced lung adenocarcinoma a real-world retrospective study
Authors: Batra Ullas , Sharma Mansi , Jain Parveen , Narayan Satya , Jain Arpit , Soni Satyajeet , Nathany Shrinidhi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Introduction:
Afatinib, a second-generation EGFR TKI, was approved in 2015 for the treatment of metastatic NSCLC in India. We aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of Afatinib therapy in a real-world setting.

Patients and Methods:
Electronic medical records of 43 patients who received Afatinib for advanced EGFR-mutant advanced NSCLC were retrospectively reviewed. In total, 43 patients were analyzed of whom 31 received Afatinib in first-line therapy.

Results:
The patient population was younger than Lux-Lung 3. Median PFS was 15.03 months with 95% CI (7.8–18.3 months). At 14% maturity OS was not reached. However, 95% CI lower limit was 34.9 months. The most common adverse reactions were skin rash and diarrhea which were managed with dose alteration without compromising efficacy.

Conclusion:
Currently, there are multiple first-line strategies to manage advanced NSCLC in India including EGFR TKIs. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first real-world study published from India which looks into the efficacy of Afatinib in advanced NSCLC. Afatinib showed a manageable safety profile and comparable efficacy in real-world practice compared with those described in previous studies.
Recommendations on Selection of Antifungal Agents for the Treatment of Superficial Mycoses in People Living with Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Idris Amina Muhammad , Getso Muhammad Ibrahim , Hafiz Taysir R. , Kabuga Auwal Idris 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Introduction:
In general, empirical treatment has been the main approach for the treatment of superficial fungal infections (SFIs). People living with diabetes mellitus (PLWDM) are at increased risk of having SFIs because of immunosuppression, autonomic neuropathy, impaired peripheral circulation and inability to maintain good personal hygiene.

Aim:
The study aims to carry out mycological assessment of superficial body lesions involving the hair, nails, skin and foot ulcers in PLWDM.

Materials and Method:
A cross-sectional study was conducted on a cohort of 300 PLWDM recruited from two major diabetes treatment centres in Kano, Murtala Muhammad Specialist Hospital and Muhammad Abdullahi Wase Teaching Hospital., Kano Nigeria. Sabouraud Dextrose Agar was used for fungal cultures, while identification of yeast and mould isolates was by Gram staining, Germ tube test, Chrom agar, lacto phenol cotton blue mount and slide cultures. Antifungal susceptibility testing was achieved by agar well diffusion method with the discs selected based on Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) recommendations.

Results:
The frequency distribution of the lesions examined includes tinea pedis (250), tinea unguium (30), foot ulcers (19) and tinea cruris (1). Fungi isolated include Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Trichophyton rubrum, Epidermophyton floccosum, Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, Nakaseomyces glabratus, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium spps. All isolates demonstrated high sensitivity to itraconazole, clotrimazole and ketoconazole, however, there was high resistance to fluconazole.

Conclusion:
The findings of the study showed high prevalence of SFIs in PLWDM with different species of fungi isolated, and itraconazole, clotrimazole and ketoconazole, either as monotherapy or in combinations are the best treatment options.
Pattern of Injury Distribution following Fall from Height
Authors: Josiah Ngibo Terver , Ibrahim Jatto Hamzah 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background:
Falls from height are significant cause of trauma globally. It is defined as an event where an individual falls to the ground from an elevated level. In particular, falls from trees, buildings, and other elevated structures have been identified as a frequent cause of traumatic injuries in Nigeria. Mango trees are a common source of falls, as they are frequently climbed by children and adults to collect fruit.

Objectives:
The study aimed to assess the demographic distribution, injury patterns, management outcomes of patients with fall-related injuries, and to provide recommendations for the prevention of falls.

Method:
A prospective hospital-based study was carried out between September 2021 and August 2022, at the Accident and Emergency department. All patients presenting to the Accident and Emergency department with injuries resulting from a fall from height were recruited.

Results:
Majority of the patients were male (87.5%), with 50% of cases occurring in children under the age of 10 years. Most falls occurred from mango trees with 62.5% of incidents. Long bone fractures were the most frequently sustained injury (50%), followed by head injuries (37.5%). A statistically significant association was found between age and height of fall, with younger individuals more likely to fall from heights >3 m. The management outcomes revealed that 62.5% of patients were successfully discharged, while 12.5% died and 18.75% were discharged against medical advice (DAMA).

Conclusion:
Falls from height are a major cause of injuries in rural Jigawa State, especially among young males. Long bone fractures and head injuries are the most common types of injuries, and while most patients are successfully treated, there are concerning rates of death and DAMA. Preventive measures, such as discouraging children from climbing trees and providing alternative methods for fruit collection, are recommended. Further public health interventions and educational campaigns are necessary to reduce the risk of fall-related injuries.
Evaluation of Outcomes Following Endovenous Laser Therapy for Chronic Venous Insufficiency on a Daycare Basis in a Tertiary Healthcare Centre: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Pathak Swati , Sharma Aditya , Yadav Rajeshwar 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background:
Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) often presents with the development of incompetent short saphenous vein or great saphenous vein (GSV), resulting in a condition known as varicose veins.

Materials and Methods:
The present study was conducted with the aim of evaluating the outcomes and recurrence following endovenous laser therapy (EVLT) for CVI by discharging the patient on the same day following the procedure.

Results:
In this study, only 4 patients developed recurrence following varicose vein treatment out of 102 patients with EVLT on a daycare basis. An occlusion of GSV along with its branches was achieved in most of the cases with self-limiting adverse effects and very few recurrence rates in the follow-up period.

Conclusions:
Relief of symptoms and a significant improvement in the appearance of varicose veins were noted four–six months after initial treatment, and pain was greatly resolved in all the treated limbs.
Pattern of Dysglycaemia and Its Associated Risk Factors amongst Civil Servants in an Urban Community in Southern Nigeria
Authors: Ejenobo Osaro Enogie , Ohenhen Oluwatoyin A. , Ekhator Noruwa Patience , Aigbe Adrian , Edo Andrew Efosa 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background:
The global prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is estimated to be 10.5% and majority of those affected are in the economically productive age group. A significant proportion of civil servants are considered at high risk for development of diabetes because of the sedentary nature of their job.

Objectives:
This study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors for dysglycaemia amongst civil servants in an urban community.

Methods:
This study was a cross-sectional study with a total of 84 participants. Data on the sociodemographic, medical history, family and social history of the participants were collected using a participant-filled questionnaire. Anthropometric measurements (height, weight, waist circumference and hip circumference), blood pressure and fasting plasma glucose levels were obtained. Impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and DM were defined using the World Health Organisation criteria.

Results:
The mean (standard deviation) age of the participants was 38 (9.7) years. The prevalence of IFG and diabetes was 14.3% and 7.1%, respectively. The overall prevalence of dysglycaemia was 21%. There was no significant difference in prevalence of dysglycaemia amongst males and females. Hypertension and obesity were present in 29.8% and 13.1% of participants, respectively. The risk factors significantly associated with dysglycaemia were hypertension and a positive family history of DM.

Conclusion:
This study demonstrated a high prevalence of dysglycaemia in the study population. There is a need for targeted interventional programmes aimed at reducing the risk factors for dysglycaemia as well as providing regular screening for civil servants.
Immunologic and Radiographic Status in Newly Diagnosed Adults with Human Immunodeficiency Viral Infection at a General Outpatient Clinic of a Tertiary Hospital, North-west, Nigeria
Authors: Abubakar Ramatu , Baduku Tokan Silas , Isuwa Amos Kadashi , Abdulhamid Karimah Saleh 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background:
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) targets the body’s immune system and renders the body susceptible to varieties of opportunistic infections. Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the common opportunistic infections in person with HIV Infection.

Aim:
The study aimed to radiologically screen for pulmonary TB (PTB) and determine immunological status of persons newly diagnosed with HIV-infection attending HIV Counselling and Testing (HCT) unit at General Out-Patient Clinic (GOPC) of Barau Dikko Teaching Hospital (BDTH), Kaduna.

Materials and Methods:
This is a retrospective study from records of all cases diagnosed newly with HIV infection at HCT unit, GOPD, BDTH, Kaduna, from 1st January, 2023 to 31st December, 2023. A total of 120 folders were retrieved and analysed. Data on age, sex, blood pressure, immunological status, chest X-ray (CXR) and body mass index were analysed by means of descriptive statistics.

Results:
High proportions of the patients/clients (27.5%) were within the age of 31–40 years. Majority were female (62%). The cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) counts of most of the patients/clients 55 (45.8%) was below 200 cells/mm3 and only 6 (5%) of the CXRs findings were suggestive of PTB.

Conclusion:
The immunologic status of most patients/clients was found to be very low at diagnosis and 5% of patients had CXR features suggestive of PTB. There should be regular screening of HIV infection at GOPC and routine CXR for newly diagnosed HIV-infected persons.
Management of Chemotherapy-induced Oral Mucositis: A Report of Two Cases and a Review of the Literature
Authors: Mogaji Ibrahim Kolawole , Adewale Adedotun Adewuyi , Oyetola Elijah Olufemi , Owotade Foluso John 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background:
Chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis (OM) is a common complication of cancer chemotherapy and is usually accompanied by severe pain. Studies indicate that about half of the patients undergoing standard chemotherapy and more than two-thirds of those undergoing high-dose chemotherapy will develop mucositis. The management has been challenging due to scarce evidence-based protocol.

Case Reports:
We present two cases of OM following chemotherapy at Obafemi Awolowo Teaching Hospitals. Case 1 is a 34-year-old woman receiving chemotherapy for choriocarcinoma with vaginal metastases who developed severe OM (WHO Grade 4) at the 5th cycle. Case 2 is a 72-year-old male being treated for bone marrow lymphoma. He developed severe OM (WHO Grade 4) with protracted healing. Preventive measures were instituted for the next cycle of chemotherapy. Both patients had oral candidiasis. Intensive oral care with the management of symptoms was instituted in treating both patients.

Conclusion:
Symptoms management and instituting preventive measures remain the mainstay of management of OM.
Insufficient Samples in Office Endometrial Biopsies: Incidence, Risk Factors and Outcomes of Repeat Procedures
Authors: Aldakhil Lateefa Othman 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Aims:
The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of insufficient samples in office endometrial biopsies, and the outcomes of repeat biopsies.

Settings and Design:
This study was conducted in a gynaecological outpatient clinic. A retrospective chart review was performed on patients who underwent office endometrial biopsies.

Subjects and Methods:
This is a retrospective study analysing 1826 endometrial biopsies performed in a healthcare institution from 2011 to 2017.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Statistical analyses used SPSS version 23 included one-way ANOVA, Chi-square tests and t-tests to examine relationships between various study variables and abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB), with significance set at P ≤ 0.05.

Results:
The study found that 16% of initial biopsies yielded insufficient samples, with a higher prevalence amongst post-menopausal women. Obesity and post-menopausal status were identified as significant risk factors for malignancy. In cases where initial biopsies were inadequate, repeat biopsies were performed in 57.4% of patients, revealing predominantly benign pathology and a malignancy risk of <1%.

Conclusions:
This study underscores the importance of considering the patients’ menopausal status, and body mass index status when interpreting biopsy reports for insufficient samples. These factors should be given due consideration when deciding to repeat biopsies and during patient counseling to improve the adequacy of samples and reduce the need for repeat procedures. By addressing these variables, healthcare providers can enhance diagnostic accuracy and patient management in cases of AUB.
Difference in Outcomes among Hypertensive Patients with or without Government-funded Healthcare Coverage: A Retrospective Review of Electronic Medical Records in a Large Private Hospital in Abuja
Authors: Ede Victor , Osuala Uchenna , Alozie Eucharia , Akindele Abiola , Opurum Peace , Ofoli Joshua , Onu Adamu , Wada Ibrahim 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background:
In Africa, particularly in countries like Nigeria, poor health outcomes are prevalent, with many people lacking access to essential health services. While global research highlights disparities in health outcomes for individuals with chronic conditions based on their health insurance type or payment method, there is a lack of empirical studies in Africa investigating these disparities.

Objective:
This study aimed to identify differences in blood pressure (BP) and hospital stay outcomes between hypertensive patients who use publicly funded insurance schemes and those who use private health coverage types in Nigeria.

Materials and Methods:
A retrospective review was conducted of electronic medical records of 1086 patients with essential hypertension (International Classification of Diseases 10) from January 2017 to January 2018 at a private Hospital in Abuja. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the odds ratios (OR) for adverse outcomes in patients with government and non-government-funded health coverage.

Results:
We found that patients with government-funded insurance were more likely to have elevated diastolic BP [DBP] (OR: 1.65, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.39–1.95, P < 0.001). Females were less likely to have elevated systolic BP (OR 0.77, 95% CI 0.64–0.91, P = 0.003) and DBP (OR 0.83, 95% CI 0.70–0.99, P = 0.044) when compared to males.

Conclusions:
While public healthcare coverage is improving in Nigeria, insured patients still face a limited selection of medical services and may not receive specific therapy types even when deemed necessary, compared to privately insured patients. This may contribute to the difference in outcomes seen among these patients.
Growing choroidal osteoma: Treated by proton beam radiation
Authors: Sedaghat Ahad , Aronow Mary E. , Singh Arun D. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract:
Choroidal osteoma is a rare, slow-growing intraocular osseous tumor. Limited information is available regarding the management of tumors growing toward the fovea. In this study, we present two cases of growing choroidal osteoma that were successfully treated with proton beam radiation therapy. In one case, tumor growth toward the fovea in a 12-year-old female was treated with proton beam radiation as the primary intervention. In the other, proton beam radiation was used after photodynamic therapy failed to control tumor growth in a 16-year-old female with choroidal osteoma. Both cases demonstrated sustained tumor growth cessation for 42 and 38 months, respectively. Low-dose proton beam radiation appears to be an effective treatment option to halt tumor growth and preserve vision, though long-term follow-up is essential.
PENGEMBANGAN LKPD BERBASIS KEARIFAN LOKAL PADA PEMBELAJARAN IPS DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MODEL COOPERATIVE LEARNING KELAS V SDN 83 LUBUKLINGGAU
Authors: Fitriyani Restia , Hamdan Hamdan , Valen Andri 
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan bahan ajar berbentuk LKPD berbasis kearifan lokal untuk siswa kelas V Sekolah Dasar yang valid, praktis dan efektif. Jenis penelitian ini yaitu Penelitian dan Pengembangan (Resarch and Development) dengan model pengembangan ADDIE. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi, angket, tes, dan dokumentasi dengan subjek penelitian yaitu siswa kelas V SD Negeri 83 Lubuklinggau. Berdasarkan hasil analisis uji validasi LKPD berbasis kearifan lokal yang dinilai oleh tiga ahli yaitu, ahli bahasa, ahli media, dan ahli materi memenuhi kriteria kevalidan dengan skor rata-rata 0,85. Sedangkan dari hasil analisis penilaian lembar kepraktisan guru dan siswa di peroleh bahwa LKPD berbasis kearifan lokal memenuhi kriteria praktis dengan skor rata-rata 91,41%. Kemudian analisis penilaian keefektifan diperoleh skor N-Gain rata-rata 0,68 dengan kategori sedang. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa bahan ajar LKPD berbasis kearifan lokal materi jenis usaha ekonomi terbukti valid, praktis, dan efektif sehingga layak digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran di kelas V SDN 83 Lubuklinggau.AbstractThis research aims to develop teaching materials in the form of LKPD based on local wisdom for fifth grade elementary school students that are valid, practical and effective. This type of research is Research and Development (Resarch and Development) with the ADDIE development model. Data collection techniques through interviews, observation, questionnaires, tests and documentation with research subjects, namely fifth grade students at SD Negeri 83 Lubuklinggau. Based on the results of the validation test analysis of local wisdom-based LKPD which was assessed by three experts, namely, language experts, media experts and material experts, they met the validity criteria with an average score of 0.85. Meanwhile, from the results of the analysis of teacher and student practicality sheet assessments, it was found that the local wisdom-based LKPD met the practical criteria with an average score of 91.41%. Then analysis of the effectiveness assessment obtained an average N-Gain score of 0.68 in the medium category. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that the LKPD teaching materials based on local wisdom regarding economic business types have proven to be valid, practical and effective so they are suitable for use in the learning process in class V at SDN 83 Lubuklinggau.
Developing a New Testing Methodology for Honey Authentication
Authors:   Food Standards Agency, Anastasiadi Dr Maria , Kevei Dr Zoltan , Dodd Sophie , Shehata Mennatullah , Karimi Zahra , Mosca Dr Sara , Matousek Prof. Pavel 
Published: February 2025

Honey is a valuable and nutritious food product, and its popularity is increasing globally driven by consumers demand for a healthier and more sustainable diet. However, honey is at risk of fraudulent practices such as the addition of exogenous sugars in the form of cheaper plant-based syrups including corn, rice, and sugar beet syrup. Honey authentication is of the utmost importance, but existing methods are not sufficient to detect all types of sugar syrups used for adulteration and at present there is no single method for honey authenticity testing. The aim of this project was to investigate a) the suitability of Spatially offset Raman Spectroscopy (SORS), a non-invasive technique used to acquire measurements through packaging, for detecting the type and percentage of exogenous sugar adulteration in honey and b) to develop DNA markers (DNA barcoding) to identify the presence of DNA from plant sources such as rice and sugar beet which are used for making sugar syrups used for honey adulteration.
Социально-экономические концепции и критерии качества предоставления инновационных услуг службы room-service во взаимодействии с функциональными подразделениями гостиничного хозяйства
Authors: Филатов В.В. , Новикова Ж.В. , Гольцева О.С. , Першукова С.А. 
Published: February 2025

В статье рассмотрены методологические аспекты формирования социально-экономических концепций и критериев качества предоставления инновационных услуг службы room-service во взаимодействии с функциональными подразделениями гостиничного хозяйства в современных условиях. Показано, что современный подход к улучшению собственных сервисных процессов гостиничного хозяйства включает использование информационных технологий и анализ данных для повышения его эффективности и качества. Рассмотрена современная точка зрения на управление сервисным процессом обслуживания, повышение качества и предоставление инновационных услуг службы room-service во взаимодействии с функциональными подразделениями гостиничного хозяйства. В результате использования учета конкурентного окружения в управлении сервисным процессом обслуживания менеджмент гостиничного хозяйства может достичь более высокого уровня обслуживания клиентов и оставаться на высоком уровне конкурентоспособности в своей отрасли.
The article examines the methodological aspects of the formation of socio-economic concepts and quality criteria for the provision of innovative room-service services in cooperation with the functional units of the hotel industry in modern conditions. It is shown that the modern approach to improving the hotel industry’s own service processes includes the use of information technology and data analysis to improve its efficiency and quality. The modern point of view on the management of the service process, quality improvement and provision of innovative room-service services in cooperation with the functional departments of the hotel industry is considered. As a result of using consideration of the competitive environment in the management of the service process, the management of the hotel industry can achieve a higher level of customer service and remain at a high level of competitiveness in its industry.