bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Control of the air suspension system of semi-trailer trucks to enhance the road friendliness
Authors: Zhou Huaxiang , Wu Xiaoyan , Wang Peiling 
Published: November 2020

An air suspension system of semi-trailer trucks controlled by semi-active fuzzy logic control is proposed and researched to reduce the dynamic load coefficient (DLC) of the wheel axles. A dynamical model described by a nonlinear system with 7-DOF of the vehicle and a Simulink program developed in Matlab software are applied to simulate the DLC values under different operation conditions. The fuzzy control is then applied to control damping coefficients of the air suspension system. The obtained results show that semi-active air suspension of semi-trailer truck is overall superior to passive air suspension. The DLC values are also significantly decreased in all cases of the road surface roughness, over a range of vehicle velocity and the different loaded conditions. Particularly, under vehicle fully loaded condition, the DLC value of the tractor driver is greatly reduced by 27.4 % at speed of 27.5 m/s on the ISO level B road.
Design and evaluation of zero-energy UVC-LED reactor fitted with hand pump system for disinfection
Authors: Sundar Kaviya Piriyah , Kanmani S. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The main source of drinking water for rural communities in India is rainwater harvesting ponds. These ponds do have a sand filtration system for turbidity removal, but the bacteriological quality of these ponds is not under compliance in most cases. In this context, Pattikadu village in Kancheepuram District (Tamil Nadu, South India) was chosen as the study area. It was observed that the biological parameter of drinking water from hand pumps exceeds the limit prescribed by Indian standards. In this work, zero-energy disinfection technology was developed using UVC-LEDs for drinking water to meet the standards. The electrical power required for the disinfection was taken from the mechanical energy from up and down movement of the hand pump lever. UVC-LEDs (λemission 275 ± 5 nm) were powered by a 6 V rechargeable battery which stores electrical energy by mechanical movement of the hand pump lever. An annular-type UVC-LED photo-reactor (1 litre) was developed and 100% disinfection within 6 minutes’ contact time was achieved. The UVC dose-based inactivation rate constant was 0.57 cm2/mJ. The present study demonstrated 2-log inactivation for a 4.68 mJ/cm2 UVC dose. The novelty of the study is its practical applicability of a sustainable point-of-use disinfection technology which might be economically implemented in lower-income smaller communities.
Next Generation Sequencing in the Management of Leptomeningeal Metastases of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Li Shuo , Ke Linping , Meng Xue , Zhou Haiyan , Zhang Xiqin , Wu Huaguo , Yu Jinming , Zhang Hui 
Published: November 2020

Background:
Diagnosis of Leptomeningeal Metastases (LM) from Non-Small Cell
Lung Cancer (NSCLC) is usually based on clinical symptoms, Cerebral-Spinal Fluid (CSF) cytology,
and neuro-imaging. However, early diagnosis of LM in NSCLC is challenging due to the low
sensitivity of these approaches. The Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) using CSF could help improve
the diagnosis of LM and guide its treatment options.

Case Presentation:
We report a 39-year-old male NSCLC patient with negative molecular testing
results in the lung cancer tissue sample. The patient developed symptoms of LM with the negative
CSF cytology and MRI; however, the NGS analysis of CSF revealed an EGFR exon 19 del mutation.
The patient attained 6 months of Progression-Free Survival (PFS) by treating with erlotinib
and anlotinib before the neurological symptoms appeared again. EGFR Thr790Met was positive in
the CSF but negative in his plasma. The patient was then treated with osimertinib therapy and the
response was maintained for more than 1 year.

Results & Discussion:
This case is the first study reporting the clinical benefit of using the combination
of erlotinib and anlotinib for the treatment of LM with the EGFR 19 del, osimertinib with
EGFR T790M mutation in CSF, but negative gene mutation in the blood or lung tumor biopsy specimens.
Our results support that genetic analysis should be performed with CSF samples in all cases
of suspected LM when the results of testing for EGFR/ALK/ROS1 mutation in blood samples or tumor
biopsy specimens are negative, as these patients could benefit from treatment of TKIs in a
poor prognostic setting.

Conclusion:
In parallel to current patents, NGS could be applied as a novel strategy in the managing
of NSCLC patients with LM.
Prevalence of Induced Abortion and its Associated Factors among Female Students of Health Science in South West Ethiopia
Authors: Nigussie Tadesse , Feyisa Mulugeta , Yosef Tewodros , Berhanu Mahilet , Asefa Adane 
Published: November 2020

Background:
Globally, approximately 180-200 million pregnancies occur each year, about 75 million are unwanted pregnancies. The majority of unwanted pregnancies end in induced abortions each year. Combating abortion, abortion-related morbidity and mortality by preventing unwanted pregnancy has a great role in decreasing maternal mortality. Induced abortions, specifically unsafe abortion, are an important public health concern in developing countries. Nursing professionals encounter cases in their everyday activities; thus, findings from this study have paramount importance for nurses to be aware of the magnitude problem, which in turn help them to make an informed decision in their activities.

Objective:
To assess prevalence induced abortion and its associated factors among Health Science Students in South West Ethiopia.

Methods:
A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted on female students. A systematic random sampling method was used to select the study participants. Data were collected using a structured self-administered questionnaire. Data were entered into Epidata manager version 3.1, and analyzed using SPSS version 21 statistical software for windows for analysis. Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with induced abortion.

Results:
A total of 420 randomly selected female students were involved in the study. The prevalence of induced abortion was 18.8%. The factors associated with induced abortion among college students were urban residents (AOR = 3.91, 95%CI: 1.85-8.27), having poor knowledge of sexually transmitted diseases (AOR = 3.21, 95%CI: 1.62-6.38), and having a father with no formal education (AOR = 4.20, 95%CI: 1.87-9.42).

Conclusion:
The prevalence of induced abortion among the College of health science female students was found remarkable and we can conclude that induced abortion is one of public health importance among this population. Therefore, Mizan-Tepi University, College of health science, and Town health offices have to collaborate to decrease unwanted pregnancy to prevent induced abortion. Health education regarding contraceptive use, the consequence of induced abortion, and youth friendly services have to be delivered for students.
A Human-Algorithm Integration System for Hip Fracture Detection on Plain Radiography: System Development and Validation Study
Authors: Cheng Chi-Tung , Chen Chih-Chi , Cheng Fu-Jen , Chen Huan-Wu , Su Yi-Siang , Yeh Chun-Nan , Chung I-Fang , Liao Chien-Hung 
Published: November 2020

Background
Hip fracture is the most common type of fracture in elderly individuals. Numerous deep learning (DL) algorithms for plain pelvic radiographs (PXRs) have been applied to improve the accuracy of hip fracture diagnosis. However, their efficacy is still undetermined.

Objective
The objective of this study is to develop and validate a human-algorithm integration (HAI) system to improve the accuracy of hip fracture diagnosis in a real clinical environment.

Methods
The HAI system with hip fracture detection ability was developed using a deep learning algorithm trained on trauma registry data and 3605 PXRs from August 2008 to December 2016. To compare their diagnostic performance before and after HAI system assistance using an independent testing dataset, 34 physicians were recruited. We analyzed the physicians’ accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and agreement with the algorithm; we also performed subgroup analyses according to physician specialty and experience. Furthermore, we applied the HAI system in the emergency departments of different hospitals to validate its value in the real world.

Results
With the support of the algorithm, which achieved 91% accuracy, the diagnostic performance of physicians was significantly improved in the independent testing dataset, as was revealed by the sensitivity (physician alone, median 95%; HAI, median 99%; P<.001), specificity (physician alone, median 90%; HAI, median 95%; P<.001), accuracy (physician alone, median 90%; HAI, median 96%; P<.001), and human-algorithm agreement [physician alone κ, median 0.69 (IQR 0.63-0.74); HAI κ, median 0.80 (IQR 0.76-0.82); P<.001. With the help of the HAI system, the primary physicians showed significant improvement in their diagnostic performance to levels comparable to those of consulting physicians, and both the experienced and less-experienced physicians benefited from the HAI system. After the HAI system had been applied in 3 departments for 5 months, 587 images were examined. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the HAI system for detecting hip fractures were 97%, 95.7%, and 96.08%, respectively.

Conclusions
HAI currently impacts health care, and integrating this technology into emergency departments is feasible. The developed HAI system can enhance physicians’ hip fracture diagnostic performance.
Jobs, Housing, and Mask Wearing: Cross-Sectional Study of Risk Factors for COVID-19
Authors: van den Broek-Altenburg Eline M , Atherly Adam J , Diehl Sean A , Gleason Kelsey M , Hart Victoria C , MacLean Charles D , Barkhuff Daniel A , Levine Mark A , Carney Jan K 
Published: November 2020

Background
Many studies have focused on the characteristics of symptomatic patients with COVID-19 and clinical risk factors. This study reports the prevalence of COVID-19 in an asymptomatic population of a hospital service area (HSA) and identifies factors that affect exposure to the virus.

Objective
The aim of this study is to measure the prevalence of COVID-19 in an HSA, identify factors that may increase or decrease the risk of infection, and analyze factors that increase the number of daily contacts.

Methods
This study surveyed 1694 patients between April 30 and May 13, 2020, about their work and living situations, income, behavior, sociodemographic characteristics, and prepandemic health characteristics. This data was linked to testing data for 454 of these patients, including polymerase chain reaction test results and two different serologic assays. Positivity rate was used to calculate approximate prevalence, hospitalization rate, and infection fatality rate (IFR). Survey data was used to analyze risk factors, including the number of contacts reported by study participants. The data was also used to identify factors increasing the number of daily contacts, such as mask wearing and living environment.

Results
We found a positivity rate of 2.2%, a hospitalization rate of 1.2%, and an adjusted IFR of 0.55%. A higher number of daily contacts with adults and older adults increases the probability of becoming infected. Occupation, living in an apartment versus a house, and wearing a face mask outside work increased the number of daily contacts.

Conclusions
Studying prevalence in an asymptomatic population revealed estimates of unreported COVID-19 cases. Occupational, living situation, and behavioral data about COVID-19–protective behaviors such as wearing a mask may aid in the identification of nonclinical factors affecting the number of daily contacts, which may increase SARS-CoV-2 exposure.
JEFFERSON AND TOCQUEVILLE ON DEMOCRACY AS HEMISPERIC VIEWS
Authors: Murwantono Didik 
Published: November 2020

This paper examines democracy to Jefferson’s and Tocqueville’s philosophy in shaping the American polity. A few scholars have discussed the connection between Jefferson and Tocqueville, but this writing provides a value of democracy as hemispheric mind or trans-national sources. Democracy is not only an American intellectual mind, but also a global mind. The philosophers, sociologists, and economists of the eighteenth and the early part of the nineteenth century formulated a political program that served as a guide to social policy first in the United States, then on the European continent, and finally in the other parts of the inhabited world as well. It was reflected in Tocqueville’s journey for learning democracy in America around the mid of the nineteenth century. Therefore, there are two significant points to describe both Tocqueville and Jefferson; they are democracy and tradition with all conditions.Keywords: Jefferson, Tocqueville, democracy, founding, and liberal
Framing Women Politician in Democratic Environment: A Study of Megawati Soekarno Putri and Hillary Clinton
Authors: Hapsari Nurlita 
Published: November 2020

This research was aimed to examine how media coverage produces particular framing toward women politician during presidential campaign as well as the significance behind the framings toward gender conception in Indonesia and America. Media holds a vital political role as it helps shaping people’s opinion over particular issues and figures. As media coverage toward particular candidates can profoundly affect election outcomes, it is interesting to see how media presents two women figures who ran for presidential race.This is a qualitative research. The main sources of data are articles gathered from eight online-based news outlets. There are two kinds of data; primary and secondary data. For analysis on Megawati Soekarno Putri, the primary data are articles from Detik, Liputan6, and Tempo. While for Hillary Clinton, the data are articles from The New York Times, USA Today, The Washington Post, The Los Angeles Times, and The Wall Street Journal. The secondary data are all selected works or research related to the topic such as reference books and journals.This research was done under the framework of American Studies. Since American Studies is interdisciplinary, it involves various theories and disciplines. This research uses gender theory to observe how media shape the image of women politician through their news coverage. Critical discourse analysis is used to explore the significance of media framing on women politician to society’s conception of women’s gender roles. Then, framing theory is important to analyze media’s method and ideology in constructing the facts within the coverage.In the research analysis, it is found that there are various framings used by media to describe Hillary Clinton and Megawati Soekarno Putri. While media in two countries have different focuses, news coverage on both media share the same stereotyping woman theme such as emphasis on physical appearance and family association. In the end, learning from the media framing toward woman politician, we can conclude that despite feminist achievement in many areas, woman are still highly perceived as unfit to be in political world. Keywords: Gender, politics, media, framing.
Augustine Tolton’s Struggle as a Black Catholic against Discrimination as Portrayed in From Slave to Priest by Caroline Hamesath and They Called Him Father Gus by Roy Bauer
Authors: Damayanti Agnes Mira 
Published: November 2020

This thesis aims to analyze how Black Catholics overcome the discrimination against their life in American society during the nineteenth century and also to explore what are the impacts of Black Catholics struggle portrayed in the biographies entitled From Slave to Priest and They Called Him Father Gus. The interdisciplinary approach applied in this thesis are including literature, sociology, and the concept of time and macro to micro by McDowell are used to enhance the analysis of Black Catholics’ struggle against the discrimination that they got in American society during the nineteenth century.The findings of the thesis show that Black Catholics did some actions to overcome the discrimination against their life in American society. The actions done by Black Catholics are the sign that they work hard struggling against the discrimination from whites, Catholic Church, and Black Protestants. Also, since this thesis highlights the impact of Black Catholics’ struggle, it indicates that the struggle of Black Catholics, represented mostly by the struggle of Father Augustine Tolton, give the positive impacts such as maintaining the good relation among black and white Catholics, inspired Black Catholics to keep struggle for their faith and inspired the establishment of Black Catholics’ organizations. Key words: Black Catholics, Father Augustine Tolton, Struggle, Impacts
BANGTAN SONYEONDAN (BTS) AS NEW AMERICAN IDOL
Authors: Suryani Ade Nine 
Published: November 2020

South Korean pop songs or colloquially K-pop has spread globally. America also has a massive impact on this K-pop wave phenomenon. America now gives its enormous attention to the Bangtan Sonyeondan group or BTS group because this K-pop group is prevalent and becomes the new idol in America. In the beginning, K-pop is not successful, but until BTS comes and becomes a global sensation there. This paper tries to analyze which factors enable BTS to be the new idol in America. The writer uses a qualitative method to conduct the data and reception theory from Stuart Hall in the analysis. This analysis results in BTS, as the most popular K-pop group in America nowadays, has two factors that enable them to dominate American fans. The first one is through their androgyny physical appearance that redefines American traditional macho masculinity. The second one is through messages in their songs that raise social issues and mental health problems, helping their fans survive in their harsh lives.Keywords: BTS; decoded; encoded; k-pop; reception theory
Coronavirus in African: Social, Economic and Political Consequences
Authors: Abramova I. O. 
Published: November 2020

The article offers an analysis of the current situation with the coronavirus in Africa. It reveals the specific features of the pandemic and the socio-political and economic consequences thereof. The author concludes that, taking exploiting the pandemic, the United States and its allies are like likely to attempt weakening the PRC’s position in Africa and preventing Russia from building up its influence. The latter, especially, in view of the success of the Russia-Africa Summit and Economic Forum held in October 2019, in Sochi. However, Washington’s grand plans on the African continent are seriously constrained by the fact that Africans have long asserted themselves as full-capacity subjects in international relations and refuse to be pawns in the intricate games between the United States, China and other players for world leadership. The coronavirus pandemic will undoubtedly change the position of the continent in the new “post-coronavirus” world, but these changes largely depend on how and with whose assistance Africans are to overcome this serious test.The paper contains the results of online opinion-polling of African experts conducted by the author of the article.The author makes an attempt to explain the “Africa phenomenon” of the coronavirus pandemic, assesses the main risks of the spread of the epidemic and the possibilities of overcoming it. Special attention is paid to new opportunities for the development of the African economy in the “post-coronavirus world”, as well as the actions of the authorities to mitigate its socio-economic consequences.The author arrives to the conclusion that African countries, while less affected by the pandemic than other regions of the world, are not satisfactorily ready to fight it. The pessimistic scenario of the spread of coronavirus infection in Africa cannot be completely ruled out, and the socio-economic consequences of the pandemic can become a very serious test for most countries of the continent. At the same time, a certain redistribution of the balance of power in the region should be expected. The nations that are able in a timely manner to offer Africa significant support in the fight against the pandemic will gain. The Russian Federation has a real chance to strengthen its positions on the continent, cooperation with which may increasingly become a priority for Moscow, given the changing model of world development.
European Right-Wing Centrism in the Face of the Coronavirus Crisis
Authors: Smirnov A. N. 
Published: November 2020

The article examines the reaction of European right-centrist politicians to the threats associated with the spread of coronavirus infection. At the same time, the political context of the perception of the problem is analyzed, especially vividly expressed in approaches to understanding the current crisis and its consequences for the European integration project. The close relationship that exists between the actualization of the national-state identity of Europeans and the increasing requirements for their security is stated. According to leading representatives of the European People’s Party, today fear plays a more prominent role in politics, prevailing over other social emotions. In such conditions, the fundamental need for people to identify themselves as part of a larger community through language, religion or a common understanding of history becomes a critical political factor.According to the author of the article, the viral danger acts as a factor of spontaneous exacerbation of contradictions between national sovereignty and loyalty to all-European structures. At the same time, the emergency actions of national governments forced to deal with the viral threat do not pose a direct threat to European institutions, but raise doubts about their effectiveness. The leadership of the European Union will have to find the right solutions and make extraordinary efforts to maintain a common integration vector with the increased relevance of national competencies.