bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization and assessment of the potential toxicity/pathogenicity of Russian commercial chrysotile
Authors: Giuseppe Dario Di , Zoboli Alessandro , Nodari Luca , Pasquali Luca , Sala Orietta , Ballirano Paolo , Malferrari Daniele , Raneri Simona , Hanuskova Miriam , Gualtieri Alessandro F. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractToday, cancer is one of the main health issues faced in the workplace, with asbestos an important carcinogen in the occupational environment. Among the asbestos minerals, chrysotile is the main species of socio-economic and industrial relevance. Although chrysotile asbestos is classified as a “carcinogenic substance” by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), this fiber is still mined and used in Russia. The effective health hazard posed by the Russian commercial chrysotile has not been quantitatively assessed to date. In this work, the potential toxicity/pathogenicity of Russian chrysotile was quantitatively determined using the fiber potential toxicity index (FPTI) model. This model was applied to a representative commercial chrysotile from the Orenburg region, Russia, whose morphometric, crystal-chemical, surface activity, and biodurability related parameters were determined. We have quantitatively assessed that the toxicity/pathogenicity potential of Russian chrysotile (FPTI = 2.4) is lower than that of amphibole asbestos species but higher than the threshold limit set for “safe” mineral fibers (FPTI = 2.0), although it does not contain impurities of amphibole asbestos. Differences with other chrysotile samples were discussed, and it was found that the investigated Russian commercial chrysotile shares several features with the Italian Balangero chrysotile, indicating that widespread concern on commercial Russian chrysotile is justified.
Various antiphase domains in garnet-hosted omphacite in low-temperature eclogite: A FIB-TEM study on heterogeneous ordering processes
Authors: Fukushima Ryo , Tsujimori Tatsuki , Miyajima Nobuyoshi 
Published: November 2020

AbstractLow-temperature omphacite has peculiar microstructures called “antiphase domains (APDs),” which can be formed via phase transition from disordered C2/c to ordered P2/n structure during cooling. Hence morphological analyses of the APDs of undeformed omphacite have a potential to unravel the temperature-time (T-t) histories of the eclogite. We investigated five omphacite inclusions in a euhedral garnet porphyroblast obtained from low-temperature eclogite in Syros. The garnet (~6 mm in size) exhibits a distinct prograde chemical zoning and contains abundant mineral inclusions. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) observations of the focused ion beam (FIB) foils confirmed a heterogeneous distribution of equiaxed APDs (10–280 nm in diameter) and columnar APDs. Size distributions of the equiaxed APDs are characterized by kurtosis values of –0.45–3.91, which are larger than those in the matrix omphacite. The columnar APDs are subdivided into two types: dislocation-related (Type I) and inclusion–host interfacial (Type II). The presence of Type I APDs may suggest the inclusions were deformed prior to the host garnet growth. In contrast, Type II APDs, which are characterized by a bundle of stripe-like APDs (~40 nm in width) aligned perpendicular to the host garnet, imply the simultaneous growth of omphacite and garnet in a non-deformation state. The presence of these two contrasting APDs of omphacite inclusions in the single prograde-zoned garnet prevents a simple application of geospeedometry based on APD sizes. Nevertheless, our observations demonstrate that APDs are keys to understanding thermodynamic equilibrium states and the mineral growth kinetics during eclogitization.
Synthesis and characterization of adsorbents for the elimination of nitrates and bromates from water aiming to develop a continuous oxyanion water elimination system
Authors: Azaro M. , Flores F. M. , Casella M. , Peroni B. , Rodríguez C. , Torres Sánchez R. M. , Jaworski M. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
It is known that the excess of oxyanions such as and in drinking water affects its quality. In this work, three adsorbents (montmorillonite (Mt), silica (Si), and diatomaceous earth) loaded with hexadecyl- (H) and octadecyl-trimethylammonium (O) were used to remove these oxyanions from aqueous solutions by adsorption. In batch systems, the highest removal was obtained with Mt modified with H and O (Mt-H and Mt-O), attaining 33% and 50%, respectively, while for removal Si modified with H and O, Si-H and Si-O samples, reached 38% and 42%, respectively. A direct relationship between the adsorption capacity of and and the mass of the adsorbent was found in column filtration tests with Mt-O and Mt-H samples in standard solution and real groundwater samples. The adsorption capacity of the column, in the groundwater sample, remained constant after two reuses.The results obtained are promising for the development of a continuous oxyanion removal system containing the low-cost clay Mt modified with either H or O.
Characterization of clogging deposits in an irrigation pipeline and effect of post-aeration on clogging potential of tertiary-treated wastewater
Authors: Benlouali Hajar , Karmal Ilham , Cherif Harrouni Moulay , Ghanbaja Jaafar , Frascari Dario , Hamdani Mohamed , Choukr-Allah Redouane 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In Agadir, a water-scarce Moroccan region, municipal and industrial wastewater is tertiary-treated to be reused in golf courses. Wastewater reuse has been constrained by severe clogging of emitters, which caused technical and financial problems. This study aimed to perform an in-depth characterization of the treated wastewater (TWW) in relation to its susceptibility to cause clogging, and to assess the capacity of an aeration post-treatment to reduce the clogging potential. The post-treatment consisted of injecting different airflows (0–33 L/(h Lreactor) into the TWW. The structural, morphological and elemental composition of the clogging matter collected in the irrigation pipeline was characterized using scanning electron microscopy, scanning transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy. The 15-day aeration post-treatment at 16.5 L/(h Lreactor) presented the best cost–benefit ratio. Organic matter was totally degraded. Calcium was reduced by 9%, bicarbonates by 54%. The analysis of the deposits induced by the aeration post-treatment revealed a relevant decrease of the major constituents of the clogging deposits found in the irrigation pipeline. The results show the effectiveness of post-aeration in biodegrading residual organic matter and precipitating several salts, thus reducing the clogging potential.
A Bayesian Network–Based Browsing Model for Patients Seeking Radiology-Related Information on Hospital Websites: Development and Usability Study
Authors: Suzuki Ryusuke , Suzuki Teppei , Tsuji Shintaro , Fujiwara Kensuke , Yamashina Hiroko , Endoh Akira , Ogasawara Katsuhiko 
Published: November 2020

Background
An increasing number of people are visiting hospital websites to seek better services and treatments compared to the past. It is therefore important for hospitals to develop websites to meet the needs of their patients. However, few studies have investigated whether and how the current hospital websites meet the patient’s needs. Above all, in radiation departments, it may be difficult for patients to obtain the desired information regarding modality and diagnosis because such information is subdivided when described on a website.

Objective
The purpose of this study is to suggest a hospital website search behavior model by analyzing the browsing behavior model using a Bayesian network from the perspective of one-to-one marketing.

Methods
First, we followed the website access log of Hokkaido University Hospital, which was collected from September 1, 2016, to August 31, 2017, and analyzed the access log using Google Analytics. Second, we specified the access records related to radiology from visitor browsing pages and keywords. Third, using these resources, we structured 3 Bayesian network models based on specific patient needs: radiotherapy, nuclear medicine examination, and radiological diagnosis. Analyzing each model, this study considered why some visitors could not reach their desired page and improvements to meet the needs of visitors seeking radiology-related information.

Results
The radiotherapy model showed that 74% (67/90) of the target visitors could reach their requested page, but only 2% (2/90) could reach the Center page where inspection information, one of their requested pages, is posted. By analyzing the behavior of the visitors, we clarified that connecting with the radiotherapy and radiological diagnosis pages is useful for increasing the proportion of patients reaching their requested page.

Conclusions
We proposed solutions for patient web-browsing accessibility based on a Bayesian network. Further analysis is necessary to verify the accuracy of the proposed model in comparison to other models. It is expected that information provided on hospital websites will be improved using this method.
An Intervention to Enhance Social, Emotional, and Identity Learning for Very Young Adolescents and Support Gender Equity: Protocol for a Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Cherewick Megan , Lebu Sarah , Su Christine , Dahl Ronald E 
Published: November 2020

BackgroundThe onset of puberty is a pivotal period of human development that is associated with significant changes in cognitive, social, emotional, psychological, and behavioral processes that shape identity formation. Very early adolescence provides a critical opportunity to shape identity formation around gender norms, attitudes, and beliefs before inequitable gender norms are amplified during and after puberty.ObjectiveThe aim of the Discover Learning Project is to integrate strategic insights from developmental science to promote positive transformation in social, emotional, and gender identity learning among 10- to 11-year-olds in Tanzania. Through a pragmatic randomized controlled trial, the intervention scaffolds the development of critical social and emotional mindsets and skills (curiosity, generosity, persistence, purpose, growth mindset, and teamwork) delivered by conducting 18 after-school, technology-driven, experiential learning sessions in small, mixed-gender groups.MethodsThe Discover Learning Intervention is a 3-arm randomized controlled trial that will be delivered to 579 participants selected from four public primary schools in Temeke District, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Randomization will be done at the individual level into 3 treatment groups receiving incremental intervention components. The treatment components include Discover Learning content curated into child-friendly videos, facilitated discussions, and a parent-child workbook, to be implemented over two phases, each 6 weeks long. A baseline survey will be administered to participants and their parents prior to the intervention. The process will be observed systematically, and data will be collected using surveys, in-depth interviews, observations, and focus group discussions with adolescents, parents, teachers, and facilitators conducted prior, during, and after each implementation phase.ResultsThis study builds on formative and pilot studies conducted with the target population to inform the design of the intervention. The results will generate new evidence that will inform strategies for achieving scale in Tanzania and provide insights for replication of similar programs that are invested in gender-transformative interventions in peri-urban, low-resource settings.ConclusionsThe Discover Learning Intervention makes an important contribution to the field of adolescent developmental science as an intervention designed for very young adolescents in a low-resource setting.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT04458077; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04458077International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)DERR1-10.2196/23071
VALIDATION OF SODIUM NITROPRUSSIDE IN VISIBLE SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF TRIPOLIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE
Authors: MN ACHARYULU , PVSR MOHANA RAO , KOTI I SIVA RAMA 
Published: November 2020

Objective: A simple and sensitive extractive visible spectrophotometric method is developed for the assay of triprolidine hydrochloride using sodium nitroprusside.
Methods: Based on color development with amino groups, presence, which is basic, may be due to the formation of inner complex replacing H2O by the tertiary amino group present in the drug.
Results: The colored products exhibit absorption λmax at 447 nm. Regression analysis of Beer–Lambert plots showed good correlation in the concentration ranges (40–240) μg/ml and correlation coefficients are 0.994. The Sandell’s sensitivities 2.6373×10−2 (1 mole cm−1) and molar absorptivity value are 1.1938×104 (g cm−2). Recovery studies are found to be 99.708–99.786.
Conclusion: The method can be applied successfully for the estimation of the drug in the presence of other ingredients that are usually present in formulations.
EFEKTIVITAS MODEL GROUP INVESTIGATION BERBANTUAN MEDIA WATAK KALINYAMATAN TERHADAP PEMAHAMAN KONSEP SISWA
Authors: Astuti Nurlaely Dwi , Ahsin Muhammad Noor , Masfuah Siti 
Published: November 2020

This study aims to measure the improvement of students' understanding and also to measure students' learning activities after learning through the Group Investigation (GI) assisted by Watak Kalinyamatan media. This type of research is an experimental research design with Pre Experiment Design. The sample in this study was grade IV SDN 1 Damarjati, with the total of 45 students. Sampling was done by using Purposive Random Sampling technique. Data collection techniques used observation, interviews, tests, and documentation. In Analyzing the data used the final data analysis which includes the normality test, description of the concept understanding analysis, description of the students’ activity description, and hypothesis test that includes n-gain test and t-test.The results of the analysis in this study were (1) there was an improvement in students' understanding of the concepts before and after the GI model of the Watak Kalinyamatan media was applied to the students, (2) P-value = 0.039 0.025 H0 was accepted, this means that the average post-test score of students' concept understanding through the GI model assisted by the Watak Kalinyamatan media received a score of ≥ 65, (3) In the learning activities of the students’ meeting 2, 3 and 4 P-value = 0.1075, 0.045, and 0.037 ≥ 0.025, H0 is accepte, this means that the students’ activities after being given learning through GI models assisted by the Watak Kalinyamatan media are ≥ 65.
A Systematic Review of Neurovascular Complications in Patients with Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum
Authors: Domzalski Colin , Wei Nancy , Lebwohl Mark 
Published: November 2020

Background: Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE) is a rare, hereditary connective tissue disorder characterized by ectopic calcification of multiple organ systems. Cardiovascular complications secondary to accelerated atherosclerosis are well-documented in published literature; however, there is a paucity of studies that reviews serious neurovascular complications including CVA(cerebral vascular accident), TIA(Transient ischemic attack), and intracranial aneurysm development in PXE patients.
Objective: We aim to review current literature reporting cases of serious ischemic and hemorrhagic neurovascular complications in PXE patients as of September 2020 and reexamine current guidelines on anticoagulation and antiplatelet therapy in PXE patients
Methods: A search of the PubMed database limited to English language case reports using the key words “pseudoxanthoma elasticum”, “neuro*”, “cerebr*”, “CVA”, “TIA”, and “aneurysm” was performed.
Results: A total of 67 cases of cerebral disease were reported; ranging from ages 2-71 years from 12 countries. The most common neurovascular complication seen was ischemic strokes (68.7%) followed by TIAs (20.8%), intracranial aneurysms (6.0%) and lastly hemorrhagic strokes (4.5%).
Conclusions: PXE patients have a greater incidence of ischemic strokes compared to the general population. Clinicians should thus carefully weigh the benefits of anticoagulation therapy in patients with known cardiovascular disease against the risk of bleeding.
A Cross-Sectional Study on Herpes Zoster Diagnosis in the time of COVID-19
Authors: Nourmohammadi Niki , Yale Katerina , Ghigi Alessandro , Zheng Kai , Mesinkovska Natasha 
Published: November 2020

Background: COVID-19 infections have presented with various cutaneous manifestations in COVID-19 positive patients, including reports of rising cases of herpes zoster (HZ).
Objective: Our investigation sought to investigate the proposed association between a positive COVID-19 test result and herpes zoster infection as well as determine whether the COVID-19 pandemic has affected the overall incidence of HZ.
Methods: In this cross- sectional study, de-identified patient data was collected from the University of California COVID Research Data Set (UC CORDS), a centralized, rapidly accumulating database of COVID-19 tested patients. Patients were divided into those diagnosed with HZ before COVID test and those with HZ after COVID testing. The University of California Health Data Warehouse was then used to collect the total number of HZ cases from March to August in 2019 and 2020 to calculate and compare the HZ condition rate.
Results: A total of 608 patients were diagnosed with HZ from March 1 to August 31, 2020; of which, 2.1% (n=13) tested positive for COVID-19. From March to August 2019 there were 4,349 reported HZ cases, and in comparison, there were 3,551 reported cases of HZ in 2020, a significant decrease (χ2 =90.6454, p<.00001).
Conclusion: In this limited dataset, there was no evidence to substantiate an association between HZ and COVID-19 infection, nor was there an increase in the number of cases of HZ during the time of the COVID-19 pandemic.
A study on legal and medical dimensions of radiation exposure in neurosurgery clinics in Turkish practice
Authors: Karaarslan Abdulkadir , Kasim Fatma Bahar Hacioğlu , Karaarslan Numan , Ates Ozkan 
Published: November 2020

Background:
In the present study, the first aim was to address the detrimental effects of the fluoroscopy procedure performed by physicians and other health-care professionals in neurosurgery clinics, then to examine precautions that should be taken to avoid harmful effects of radiation and radioactive substances during this process. The second aim was to handle the rights provided for health-care professionals exposed to the radiation in workplaces.

Methods:
A standardized questionnaire was used for a multicenter survey. Volunteer, intellectual, and cooperative participants (n = 41) were randomly chosen. The survey was prepared considering reports drawn up by the International Atomic Energy Agency. The questions concerning safe and effective fluoroscopy procedure were asked to the participants. The answers received were statistically evaluated. The alpha significance value was accepted as 0.05.

Results:
Two neurosurgeons only knew the legal rights that they might possess due to the exposure to the radiation or radioactive substances.

Conclusion:
The survey conducted among the health-care professionals revealed the insufficiency of knowledge about the protection from the radiation exposure or radioactive substances in workplaces. Furthermore, both health-care professionals working in radiology clinics, and those in neurosurgery and other clinics who are likely to be exposed to the radiation or radioactive substances have the rights afforded by the law.
Perbandingan Terapi Topikal Natrium Klorida 0,9% dengan Minyak Biji Jintan Hitam (Nigella sativa) terhadap Waktu Transpor Mukosilliar Hidung Penderita Rinitis Alergi
Authors: Diyanah Fatimah Qonitah , Haitamy M Nurrizki , Kusumawati Anis , Kadarullah Oke 
Published: November 2020

Rinitis alergi terjadi 40% pada populasi dunia, di Indonesia cenderung meningkat setiap tahunnya. Paparan allergen yang menstimulus gejala rinitis dapat menganggu proses bersihan hidung dan meningkatkan waktu Transpor Mukosilliar (TMS). Semprot hidung NaCl 0,9% merupakan salah satu terapi suportif rinitis alergi. Minyak Biji Jintan Hitam diketahui sebagai antihistamin dan antiinflamasi yang dapat memperbaiki gejala rinitis alergi danTMS hidung. Mengetahui perbandingan terapitopikal NaCl 0,9% dengan Minyak Biji Jintan Hitam terhadap waktu TMS hidung penderita rinitis alergi. Penelitian ini merupakan clinical trial dengan melibatkan 10 subyek penelitian. Subyek dipilih dengan menggunakan kuesioner SFAR. Subyek yang terpilih dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok yang diterapi dengan topikal NaCl 0,9% dan Minyak Biji Jintan Hitam selama 14 hari. Sebelum dan sesudah terapi dilakukan pemeriksaan waktu TMS dengan tessakarin. Data perbedaan waktu TMS hidung sebelum dan sesudah terapi dianalisis dengan Paired T-Test. Data perbandingan waktu TMS hidung antara kelompok NaCl 0,9% dan Minyak Biji Jintan Hitam dianalisis dengan Independent T-Test. Waktu TMS hidung sebelum dan sesudah terapi pada kelompok NaCl 0,9% dan Minyak Biji Jintan Hitam masing - masing memiliki p>0,05. Perbandingan penurunan waktu TMS pada kedua terapi menunjukkan perbedaan yang tidak bermakna (p=0,831). Terdapat perbedaan yang tidak bermakna pada waktu TMS hidung terapi topikal NaCl 0,9% dan minyak biji jintan hitam pada penderita rinitis alergi.
Comparison of the Effect of Ethanol Extracts of Phaleria macrocarpa (scheff.Boerl) Fruit and Metformin on the Kidney Function of Hyperglycaemic Rat Models
Authors: Sutrisna Eman , Sutrisna Eman , Gumilas Nur Signa Aini , Topa Mus , Sulistyoningrum Evy 
Published: November 2020

Diabetes mellitus is a disease that often causes diabetic nephropathy complications due to persistent hyperglycaemia. Phaleria macrocarpa (scheff. Boerl) is one of the plants that has been widely used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus, but its effect on the risk of diabetic nephropathy is still unknown. A dose of 300mg / 200gbb / day is known as an effective dose that can significantly reduce blood sugar levels in diabetic rat. The Streptozotocin Effect (STZ) causes damage to the pancreas and causes hyperglycaemia. This study aims to compare the effect of Phaleria macrocarpa (scheff. Boerl) fruit extracts on urea and creatinine levels as a parameter of kidney function in hyperglycaemic mouse models. The study was carried out experimentally using the post-test only with control group design. Fifteen white rats were divided into 3 groups. All rats were induced with 40 mg / 200gbb of Streptozotocin (STZ) to experience hyperglycaemia. Group I as negative control was given aquades. Group II was given ethanol extract of Phaleria macrocarpa (scheff. Boerl) with a dose of 300 mg / 200gbw / day. Group III was given Metformin at a dose of 150 mg / 200gbw / day. On the 22nd day of treatment, blood specimens were taken for examination of urea and creatinine levels. The research data were statistically analyzed with α <0.05; CI95%. The mean of urea levels in Group I (79.80 ± 25.09 mg / dl), II (76.00 ± 22.59 mg / dl and III (59.60 ± 6.35 mg / dl). Kruskal-Wallis test results showed no significant difference in urea levels between treatment groups (p value = 0.273; CI95%). The mean of creatinine levels in Group I (0.68 ± 0.07 mg / dl), II (0.63 ± 0.14 md / dL) and III (0.98 ± 0.25 mg / dL). One Way Anova and Post hoc test results showed a significant difference in mean creatinine levels between Groups I and III (p = 0.014; 95% CI) and II with III ( p value = 0.006; CI95%). the results of this study can be concluded that the extract of Phaleria macrocarpa (scheff. Boerl) fruit flesh at a dose of 300 mg / 200gbb has better effectiveness than metformin dose 150 mg / 200gbb in repairing the kidney function of hyperglycaemia rats.