bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microglial Activation Contributes to Cognitive Impairments in Rotenone-induced Mouse Parkinson’s Disease Model
Authors: Zhang Dongdong , Li Sheng , Hou Liyan , Jing Lu , Ruan Zhengzheng , Peng Bingjie , Zhang Xiaomeng , Hong Jau-Shyong , Zhao Jie , Wang Qingshan 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BackgroundCognitive decline occurs frequently in Parkinson’s disease (PD), which greatly decreases the life quality of patients. However, the mechanisms remain to be investigated. Neuroinflammation mediated by over-activated microglia is a common pathological feature in multiple neurological disorders, including PD. This study is designed to explore the role of microglia in cognitive deficits by using rotenone-induced mouse PD model. Methods: To evaluate the role of microglia in rotenone-induced cognitive deficits, PLX3397, an inhibitor of colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor, and minocycline, a widely used antibiotic, were used to deplete or inactivate microglia, respectively. Cognitive performance of mice among groups was detected by morris water maze, objective recognition and passive avoidance tests. Neurodegeneration, synaptic loss, α-synuclein phosphorylation, glial activation and apoptosis were determined by immunohistochemistry, Western blot or immunofluorescence staining. The gene expressions of inflammatory factors and lipid peroxidation were further explored by using RT-PCR and ELISA kits, respectively. ResultsRotenone dose-dependently induced cognitive deficits in mice by showing decreased abilities of novel objective recognition, passive avoidance, as well as morris water maze performance compared with vehicle controls. Rotenone-induced cognitive decline was associated with neurodegeneration, synaptic loss, Ser129-phosphorylation of α-synuclein and microglial activation in the hippocampal and cortical regions of mice. Time course study revealed that rotenone-induced microglial activation preceded neurodegeneration. Interestingly, microglial depletion by PLX3397 or inactivation by minocycline significantly reduced neuronal damage and α-synuclein pathology as well as improved cognitive performance in rotenone-injected mice. Mechanistically, PLX3397 or minocycline attenuated rotenone-induced astroglial activation and production of cytotoxic factors in mice. Reduced lipid peroxidation was also observed in combined PLX3397 or minocycline and rotenone-treated mice compared with rotenone alone group. Finally, microglial depletion or inactivation was found to mitigate rotenone-induced neuronal apoptosis. ConclusionsTaken together, our findings suggested that microglial activation contributed to cognitive impairments in rotenone-induced mouse PD model via neuroinflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis, providing novel insight for the immunopathogensis of cognitive deficits in PD.
Effect of electric field and Mg2+ doping on calcium carbonate scaling shown in experiments and first principle calculations
Authors: Gao Yuping , Zhao Judong , Zhao Erjun , Liu Xiaomin , Jia Yun , Ying Chun , Lin Lin 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The effect of an applied electric field and Mg2+ doping on the formation of calcium carbonate scale in circulating cooling water was investigated by using a home-made experimental device, which can simulate the formation of scale in a local power plant. The results show that high-voltage electrostatic fields and magnesium ions can inhibit scale growth in circulating cooling water. When the magnesium ion concentration is 4 mmol/L, the scale inhibition effect is the best under the action of the electric field (6 kV), and its scale inhibition rate can reach 44.56%. Meanwhile, some phenomena are explained and confirmed by the results of first principle calculations. The calculated shear modulus of aragonite is greater than that of calcite. This might explain why aragonite adheres more easily to the heat exchange surface. This is in good agreement with experimental results. Calcite has better anti-scaling properties than aragonite. The crystal structure after physical water treatment is blunt, and the untreated crystal structure is sharp.
Tetracycline hydrochloride degradation by heterogeneous photocatalysis using TiO2(P25) immobilized in biopolymer (chitosan) under UV irradiation
Authors: Ikhlef-Taguelmimt Tassadit , Hamiche Anissa , Yahiaoui Idris , Bendellali Thanina , Lebik-Elhadi Hafida , Ait-Amar Hamid , Aissani-Benissad Farida 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
TiO2(P25) has been widely used to treat wastewater; however, the elimination of TiO2(P25) suspended in the treated water causes running costs and induces secondary pollution, which greatly restricts its practical applications. Consequently, several methods have been implemented to immobilize TiO2(P25) on various substrates. This work deals with the immobilization of TiO2(P25) in chitosan film by using the cross-linking method. The prepared catalyst was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectra (DRS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and its catalytic activity in tetracycline hydrochloride (TC) degradation under UV light was explored. XRD, FTIR, DRS and SEM characterization indicated that TiO2(P25) was successfully immobilized on chitosan film, the chemical structure of TiO2(P25) did not change after the immobilization and the TiO2(P25) was uniformly dispersed in the composite. Chitosan/TiO2(P25) was used for the removal of TC by photocatalysis under UV irradiation. The effects of operational parameters such as amount of TiO2(P25), agitation speed and the initial TC concentration were investigated. An 87% removal efficiency of TC was obtained with 0.12 g of TiO2(P25) and TC removal was significantly enhanced by the agitation of the solution. The TC removal efficiency decreased from 72 to 44% when TC concentration increased from 30 to 40 mg/L after 60 min reaction time, the photocatalytic reactions followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic.
Aerobic granular sludge treating anaerobically pretreated brewery wastewater at different loading rates
Authors: di Biase Alessandro , Corsino Fabio Santo , Devlin Tanner Ryan , Torregrossa Michele , Munz Giulio , Oleszkiewicz Jan A. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In this study, three different aerobic granular sludge (AGS) reactors fed with anaerobically pre-treated brewery wastewater were studied. The AGS reactors were operated under different conditions including organic loading rates (OLR) between 0.8 and 4.1 kg COD m−3 d−1, C:N:P ratios (100:10:1 and 100:6:1) and food to microorganism ratios (F/M) between 0.8 ± 0.6 and 1.2 ± 0.5 and 0.9 ± 0.3 kg-TCOD kg-VSS−1d−1. Stable granulation was achieved within two weeks and the size of the granules increased according to the OLR applied. The results indicated that low C:N:P and F/M ratios were favorable to achieve stable aerobic granules in the long term. The carbon removal rate was load-independent in the range examined (TCOD removal &gt;80%), whereas TN removals were inversely proportional to the OLRs. Overall, a longer aeration reaction time with a lower OLR was beneficial to granular structure, which exhibited a compact and defined architecture. Performance results within the other conditions studied further indicated that the microbial community and its complex functionality in nutrient removal was efficient at operational parameters of OLR at 0.8 ± 0.2 kg-TCOD m−3d−1 and F/M ratio at 0.5 ± 0.2 kg-TCOD VSS−1d−1. Moreover, the protein to polysaccharide ratio increased as OLR decreased, leading to a stable granular structure.
Effect of Dietary Education on Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients
Authors: Taheri Rahil , Molavynejad Shahram , Abedi Parvin , Rajaei Elham , Haghighizadeh Mohammad Hosein 
Published: September 2020

Aim:
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of dietary education on cardiovascular
risk factors in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Methods:
In this randomized clinical trial, 112 patients with rheumatoid arthritis were randomly assigned
into two groups, intervention and control. Dietary education was provided for the intervention
group in 4 sessions; anthropometric measurements, serum levels of RF, triglycerides, cholesterol,
HDL, LDL, and fasting blood sugar were measured before and three months after the intervention.
Data were analyzed using SPSS software and appropriate statistical tests.

Results:
The mean of total cholesterol (p <0.001), triglycerides (p = 0.004), LDL (p <0.001), systolic
blood pressure (p = 0.001), diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.003), FBS and BMI (p <0.001)
were decreased significantly in the intervention group after education compared the control group.

Conclusion:
Traditional care for rheumatoid arthritis patients is not enough. Patients need more education
in order to improve their situation.
Synthesis, Characterization, Biological Evaluation and Molecular Docking
Studies of New Oxoacrylate and Acetamide on HeLa Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: Çankaya Nevin , İzdal Mehmetcan , Azarkan Serap Yalçin 
Published: September 2020

Background:
In recent years, discovery and development of new drugs play a critical role in cancer therapy.

Objective:
In this study, the effect of MPAEA and p-acetamide on cellular toxicity and on silico in HeLa cancer cells have
been investigated.

Methods:
In this study, 2-choloro-N-(4-methoxyphenyl)acetamide (p-acetamide) and 2-(4-methoxyphenylamino)-2-
oxoethyl acrylate (MPAEA) have been synthesized and characterized by FTIR, 1H, and 13C-NMR. Cytotoxicity of pacetamide and MPAEA have been investigated by XTT cell proliferation assay on the HeLa cell line. IC50 values of pacetamide and MPAEA have been identified on the HeLa cell line. Further, molecular docking study was carried out by
Autodock Vina using BCL-2 (PDB ID: 4MAN), BCL-W (PDB ID: 2Y6W), MCl-1 (PDB ID: 5FDO) AKT (PDB ID: 4GV1)
and BRAF (PDB ID: 5VAM) as a possible apoptotic target for anticancer activity.

Results:
According to the obtained results, MPAEA and p-acetamide were successfully synthesized and characterized. The
interactions between ligands and anti-apoptotic proteins were evaluated by molecular docking and their free energy of
binding were calculated and used as descriptor.

Conclusion:
In vitro and in silico the results demonstrated that MPAEA had potent anticancer activity on HeLa cell line.
MicroRNA-Targeted Signaling Pathways in the Autism Spectrum Disorder: Implications for Early Detection and Targeted Therapy
Authors: Alizadeh Rasoul , Bahmanpoor Zahra , Jalali-Qomi Shahabeddin , Amiri Mahdi , Afkhami Hamed , Khaledi Mansoor , Moosavi Reza , Akouchekian Mansoureh 
Published: September 2020

Background & Objective:
Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) is known as a neurodevelopmental
disorder showing communication impairments and unusual patterns of behavior. Presently,
it seems that ASD frequency is on the increase. Therefore, diagnostic tools that help detect the
disease in the early stages can be very useful in better management of the disease. Recent studies
demonstrate that miRNAs as novel biomarkers can be used to find out the process and etiology of
ASD by regulating various genes of multiple pathways. However, ASD associated pathway targeted
by miRNA is still in infancy.

Methods:
In this in silico study taking into consideration the importance of miRNAs, we reviewed
bioinformatics databases for finding possible pathways and potential miRNAs related to selected
pathways.

Results:
The results displayed some prominent pathways involved in ASD, as well as some experimental
and predicted miRNAs that may regulate targets associated with these pathways such as
neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, serotonergic synapse, calcium signaling pathway, cAMP
Signaling Pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway.

Conclusion:
This study showed that the identified miRNAs may be involved in ASD-related pathways
and may be considered as a new diagnostic tool and provide potential targets for the treatment
of ASD.
Vitamin D Serum Level in Elderly Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease: Preliminary Analysis from Cilento Region
Authors: Pizza Vincenzo , Montella Silvana , Luigi Iorio Eugenio , Silvestro Anna , Agresta Anella , Somma Salvatore di , Capasso Anna 
Published: September 2020

Introduction:
It is estimated that 46 million people in the world live with dementia and it is estimated that this number will increase 3-fold by 2050, being a leading cause of disability worldwide and major welfare and economic problem. The aging of the general population increase these problems, especially in regions, such as Cilento (Southern Italy), where we can register higher longevity. Preserving cognitive health is one of the most important aims of the current research, also through the identification of possible preventative life-style strategies. Recent meta-analyses suggest that low serum vitamin D concentrations could be associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and cognitive impairment. The specific role of Vitamin D, however, is still controversial. There is a growing evidence of high rates of vitamin D deficiency in the elderly and there is still much uncertainty about the cause of AD and other forms of dementia. On the other hand, there is no definitive evidence is not conclusive and vitamin D could be involved in many other physiological and pathological mechanisms.

Objective:
Our aim is to investigate vitamin D serum levels in a small preliminary sample of AD patients from the Cilento area.

Materials and Methods:
Patients were recruited from the AD centre of the San Luca Hospital, in Vallo della Lucania (SA). We enrolled 25 consecutive patients, 13 women, and 12 men. The mean age was 78.5±8.3 years, the mean duration of the disease was 3.5±1.8 years. The average school-age of the patients was 6.1 +/- 3.5 years, the average disease age was 6.3 +/- 1.7 years, the average basal Mini-Mental Score Examination (MMSE) score was 17.6 +/- 3.6. We determined serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) in 25 consecutive AD patients.

Results:
The mean vitamin D serum level was 17.9+7.9 UI/ml, denoting a state of insufficiency. Among our 25 patients, only 3 had serum level above 30 UI/ml; most patients (17 out of 25) showed serum level among 10 and 30 UI, while in 5 patients, serum level was less than 10 UI.

Conclusion:
Our preliminary data showed that Vitamin D deficiency was, in our patients, independently associated with AD, even in a special population, high rate of centenarians, like Cilento people. However, our preliminary study has different limitations. The vitamin D deficiency has been evaluated through a single time-point of measurement (or in different periods of the year), that may be susceptible to bias. Even the differences in age and level of education should be taken into consideration. Nevertheless, these data in the Cilento region are original (there are no similar reports to our knowledge). However, our results confirm the necessity of other study, and this result is an important opportunity to introduce a modifiable risk fact and, consequently, a new treatment for AD.
Molecular Detection and PCR-RFLP Analysis of Mucoviscosity-Associated Gene A (magA) in Clinical Isolates of Multidrug-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in Bangladesh
Authors: Ali Md. Hazrat , Anwar Saeed , Toma Nusrat Jahan , Rafid Ikram , Hasan Md. Kamrul , Foysal Md. Javed 
Published: September 2020

Background and Objective:The mucoviscosity associated gene A (magA) in the hypermucoviscous variants ofK. pneumoniaeis reported to be associated with invasive infections and considered a virulence factor. We sought to analyze themagAgenes inK. pneumoniaeisolates in the clinical specimen collected from Bangladesh.Methods:We established a multicenter cohort of patients withKlebsiellainfection hospitalized at 05 different hospitals between September 2016 and April 2017. We collected 313K. pneumoniaeisolates from patients who consented to participate in the study. The isolates were evaluated for harboring themagAgenes using a single-tube multiplexed polymerase chain reaction. ThemagAgenes were analyzed by PCR-RFLP technique using two enzymes, namely PciI and SmaI. Antibiogram assay using 12 commercially available antibiotic discs was performed on all the isolates.Results:The presence ofK. pneumoniaespecific gene (ureD)was confirmed in all the isolates. The percentage of isolates harboring themagAgene was 7.34%(23 isolates), the majority of which was collected from the patients admitted in intensive care units (16 isolates, 69.6%), and infectious diseases wards (5 isolates, 21.7%). PCR-RFLP analysis revealed that for 7 out of 23 isolates, where Sma1 could not cleave themagAgene. All the isolates showed resistance to ampicillin, carbenicillin cefradine, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, kanamycin, and sulphamethoxazole, though the extent was varying. However, imipenem showed 100% sensitivity to all the tested isolates.Conclusion:This study demonstrates the presence of themagAgene in multidrug-resistant clinical isolates ofK. pneumoniaecollected from Bangladesh.
Wheel Slip-based Road Surface Slipperiness Detection
Authors: Jang Jinhwan 
Published: September 2020

Background:
Faced with the high rate of traffic accidents under slippery road conditions, agencies attempt to quickly identify slippery spots on the road and drivers want to receive information on the impending dangerous slippery spot, also known as “black ice.”

Methods:
In this study, wheel slip, defined as the difference between both speeds of vehicular transition and wheel rotation, was used to detect road slipperiness. Three types of experiment cars were repeatedly driven on snowy and dry surfaces to obtain wheel slip data. Three approaches, including regression analysis, support vector machine (SVM), and deep learning, were explored to categorize into two states-slippery or non-slippery.

Results:
Results indicated that a deep learning model resulted in the best performance with accuracy of 0.972, only where sufficient data were obtained. SVM models universally showed good performance, with average accuracy of 0.965, regardless of sample size.

Conclusion:
The proposed models can be applied to any connected devices including digital tachographs and on-board units for cooperative ITS projects that gather wheel and transition speeds of a moving vehicle to enhance road safety in winter season though collecting followed by providing dangerous slippery spots on the road.
Investigating the Fate of MP1000-LPX In Vivo by Adding Serum to Transfection Medium
Authors: He Siyan , Xia Shan , Song Xiangrong , Huang Hai , Wang Xueyan , Jiang Xuehua , Jin Zhaohui 
Published: September 2020

Background:
Cationic liposomes (CLs) based messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine has
been a promising approach for cancer treatment. However, rapid lung accumulation after intraveous
injection and significantly decreased transfection efficacy (TE) in serum substantially hamper
its application.

Objective:
In this study, we attempt to investigate the fate of Mannose-PEG1000-lipoplex
(MP1000-LPX) in vivo, a previous reported mRNA vaccine, and potential mechanism in it.

Methods:
MP1000-CLs and different type of MP1000-LPX were produced by previous method
and characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS). Organ distribution and Luc-mRNA expression
of DiD loaded luciferase (Luc-mRNA)-MP1000-LPX were evaluated by IVIS Spectrum
imaging system. Cellular transfection and uptake under serum-free and serum-containing
conditions were analysed by flow cytometry and counted by FlowJo software.

Results:
MP1000-CLs had an average size of 45.3 ± 0.9 nm, a positive charge of 39.9 ± 0.9 mV.
When MP1000-LPX formed, the particle size increased to about 130 nm, and zeta potential decreased
to about 30 mV. All formulations were in narrow size distribution with PDI < 0.3. 6 h
after intraveous injection, Luc-MP1000-LPX mostly distributed to liver, lung and spleen, while
only successfully expressed Luc in lung. DC2.4 cellular transfection assay indicated serum substantially
lowered TE of MP1000-LPX. However, the cellular uptake on DC2.4 cells was enhanced
in the presence of serum.

Conclusion:
MP1000-LPX distributed to spleen but failed to transfect. Because serum dramatically
decreased TE of MP1000-LPX on DC2.4 cells, but not by impeding its interaction to cell
membrane. Serum resistance and avoidance of lung accumulation might be prerequisites for
CLs based intravenous mRNA vaccines.

Lay Summary:
mRNA vaccine has been promising immunotherapy to treat cancer by delivering
mRNA encoding tumor antigens to APCs and activating immune system against tumor
cells. We are investigating the in vivo fate of MP1000-LPX, a CLs based mRNA vaccine. To
see if serum causes the fate, we’ll be looking at the influence of serum on transfection and uptake
efficacy of MP1000-LPX by DC2.4 cells experiments in vitro. Our findings will imply that
serum inhibits transfection but not by decreasing uptake. Thus, we can ultilize serum to enhance
transfection if we make intracellular process of MP1000-LPX successful.
Putting a Good Face on Impression Management: Team Citizenship and Team Satisfaction
Authors: Nguyen Nhung T. , Seer Anson , Hartman Nathan S. 
Published: September 2020

In this research, we examined self-promotion and ingratiation as correlates of citizenship behavior and desired outcomes in work teams. Results of a cross-sectional study using a combination of self- and peer-report data from student work teams suggested that two dimensions of citizenship behavior, i.e., altruism and conscientiousness, were partly a function of ingratiation and self-promotion. Further, ingratiation was found to be positively associated with individual satisfaction within teams and the extent to which individual members were perceived as likable among their peers. Peer perceptions of the motivation underlying ingratiation and selfpromotion also had a positive relationship with liking for team member such that the more sincere a motive is perceived to be, the more positive the perception of liking for team member.
Biologically upgraded cocoa pod husk: Effect on growth performance, haemato-biochemical indices and antioxidant status of broiler chickens
Authors: Olugosi Olayemi Aanuoluwapo , Agbede Johnson Oluwasola , Onibi Gbenga Emmanuel , Adebayo Issac Abayomi , Ayeni Akinlolu Oluwafemi 
Published: September 2020

A 49 day feeding trial was conducted to determine the effect of biologically upgraded cocoa pod husk meal (BCPHM) on the growth performance, haemato-biochemical indices and antioxidant status of broiler chickens. Three experimental diets were formulated at both starter and finisher phases in which BCPHM was added as an active feed ingredient at 0, 10, 20% and designated as diets 1, 2 and 3 respectively. One hundred and fifty day old Marshal broiler chicks weighing 39±2.5g/bird were allotted to 3 dietary treatments (10birds/replicate, 50birds/treatment) in a completely randomized design. The Average daily weight gain (ADWG), total weight gain (TWG) and final body weight (FBW) of broiler chicks fed diets containing 10% BCPHM was significantly (p˂0.05) higher than that of control and diet containing 20% BCPHM at starter phase. At finisher phase, the values of ADWG, TWG and FBW were at par with that of control. Feed Intake was seen to increase as BCPHM increased in the diet at finisher phase. Carcass traits, relative internal organ weight, haemato-biochemcal indices of broiler chickens were similar across dietary treatment. Superoxide dimutase (SOD) and Catalase (CAT) of birds fed control diet were significantly (p˂0.05) higher than those of birds fed BCPHM based diets. Ten percent dietary inclusion of BCPHM appears optimal in broiler diet since beyond this level growth performance declined.