bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Locking mixed-lineage kinase domain-like protein in its auto-inhibited state prevents necroptosis
Authors: Rübbelke Martin , Fiegen Dennis , Bauer Margit , Binder Florian , Hamilton James , King Jim , Thamm Sven , Nar Herbert , Zeeb Markus 
Published: December 2020

Significance
Necroptosis is an emergency controlled cell-death mechanism, which only may be activated in case of impaired apoptosis. Necroptosis leads to unchecked release of proinflammatory cytoplasmatic content of the cells and is thereby implicated in disease. Two covalent inhibitor classes targeting the same cysteine of the necroptosis effector protein mixed-lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL) are reported. Here, we unravel the mode of action of the xanthine class of inhibitors that work by stabilizing the inactive state of MLKL by an essential π–π stacking interaction. The widely used covalent tool compound Necrosulfonamide (NSA) employs a distinct mode of action.
Synchronic variation in Sri Lanka Portuguese personal pronouns
Authors: Cardoso Hugo C. , Costa Patrícia 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This paper presents and discusses the instances of synchronic variation attested in the personal pronoun paradigm of
modern Sri Lanka Portuguese, an endangered Portuguese-based creole spoken by relatively small communities scattered across Eastern and
Northern Sri Lanka. Although Sri Lanka Portuguese has a long history of documentation dating from, at least, the beginning of the 19th
century, only a few studies have explicitly reported cases of synchronic variation. This study aims, therefore, to fill that gap, by
contributing to the description and explanation of patterns of variation relating to the personal pronoun paradigm as encountered in
documentary data collected between 2015 and 2020, over several field trips to the districts of Ampara, Batticaloa, Jaffna, and Trincomalee.
The nature of the variation observed in the data ranges from phonetic alternations to strategies of paradigm regularization and stylistic
shrinkage, often revealing the effects of diachronic processes of variant competition and substitution. Combining the observed patterns of
variation with surveyed linguistic trends of language shift, we propose that obsolescence may be responsible for some of the variability
encountered in modern SLP personal pronouns, especially that associated with certain socially- or geographically-defined subsets of the
speech community (viz. the younger generations and the speakers from Jaffna) characterized by advanced language loss.
Electrochemical scanning probe analysis used as a benchmark for carbon forms quality test
Authors: Bussetti Gianlorenzo , Yivlialin Rossella , Ciccacci Franco , Duò Lamberto , Gibertini Eugenio , Accogli Alessandra , Denti Ilaria , Magagnin Luca , Micciulla Federico , Cataldo Antonino , Bellucci Stefano , Antonov Alexander , Grigorieva Inna 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Carbon forms (graphite, pyrolytic graphite, highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG), glassy carbon, carbon foam, graphene, buckypaper, etc) are a wide class of materials largely used in technology and energy storage. The huge request of carbon compounds with reliable and tunable physical and chemical properties is tackled by contriving new production protocols and/or compound functionalizations. To achieve these goals, new samples must be tested in a trial-and-error strategy with techniques that provide information in terms of both specimen quality and properties. In this work, we prove that electrochemical scanning probe techniques allow testing the performances of carbon compounds when are used as an electrode inside an electrochemical cell. Comparing the results with a reference sample (namely, HOPG) gives an insight on defects in the specimen structure, performances, and possible applications of the new samples. In this study, we concentrate on traditional carbon forms already employed in many fields versus new recently-developed specimens, in view of possible applications to the field of energy storage.
Comment on: Harmonic oscillator in an environment with a pointlike defect. (2019 Phys. Scr.

94 125301)
Authors: Fernández Francisco M 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We analyze recent results for a harmonic oscillator in an environment with a pointlike defect. We show that the allowed oscillator frequencies predicted by the authors stem from a misinterpretation of the exact solutions of a conditionally solvable eigenvalue equation. Also the exact eigenvalues derived by those authors are meaningless because they belong to different quantum-mechanical models.
Thermo-bioconvection in stagnation point flow of third-grade nanofluid towards a stretching cylinder involving motile microorganisms
Authors: Muhammad Taseer , Ullah Malik Zaka , Waqas Hassan , Alghamdi Metib , Riaz Arshad 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The intention of the current flow model is to investigate the significance of bioconvection in stagnation point flow of third grade nanofluid containing motile microorganisms past a radiative stretching cylinder. The impacts of activation energy and stagnation point flow are also considered. In addition the behavior of thermophoresis diffusion and Brownian motion are observed. Nanofluid can be developed by dispersing the nanosized particles into the regular fluid. Nano-sized solid materials for example carbides, grephene, metal and alloyed CNT have been utilized for the preparation of nanofluid. Physically, regular fluids have low thermal proficiency. Therefore, nano-size particles can be utilized to enhance the thermal conductivity of the host fluid. Nanofluids have many features in hybrid power engine, heat transfer, and can be used in cancer therapy and medicine. The formulated system of flow problems are transformed into dimensionless coupled ordinary differential expressions system via appropriate transformation. The systems of converted governing expressions are computed numerically by employing well known bvp4c solver in MATLAB software. The outcomes of emerging physical flow parameters on the velocity profile, volumetric concentration of then nanoparticles, rescaled density of the motile microorganisms and nanofluid temperature are elaborated graphically and numerically. Furthermore, velocity of third-grade fluid intensifies for higher values of third-grade fluid parameter and mixed convection parameter while opposite behavior is detected for buoyancy ratio parameter and mixed convection parameter. Temperature distribution grows for higher estimation of temperature ratio parameter and Biot number. Higher amount of Prandtl number and Lewis number decreases the concentration of nanoparticles. Concentration of microorganisms reduces by growing the values of velocity ratio parameter and bioconvection Lewis number.
Ion temperature measurements in the tokamak scrape-off layer with high temporal resolution
Authors: Adamek J. , Cipciar D. , Devitre A. , Horacek J. , Cavalier J. , Komm M. , Krbec J. , Tichy M. , Trunec D. , Böhm P. , Panek R. , team the COMPASS 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We present a uniquely fast (10 μs) ion temperature measurements in the tokamak edge plasma. Our approach is based on the sweeping of a ball-pen probe, where the ion temperature is obtained by fitting the electron branch of the corresponding I–V characteristic. We have performed measurements on the COMPASS tokamak during L-mode discharge. The temperature histograms reveal a non-Gaussian shape with a high-temperature tail peaking at low values. The fitted values of fast I–V measurements can be used to reconstruct (emulate) the slow swept I–V characteristic of a retarding field analyzer. The resulting ion temperature profile is nearly flat and provides a ratio of ion to electron temperature close to 1–2 in the vicinity of the last closed flux surface during L-mode discharges, as observed on other tokamaks.
Perspectives on transformational change in climate risk management and adaptation
Authors: Deubelli Teresa Maria , Mechler Reinhard 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In the context of strong evidence on mounting climate-related risks and impacts across the globe, the need for ‘transformational change’ in climate risk management and adaptation responses has been brought forward as an important element to achieve the Paris ambitions. In the past decade, the concept has experienced increasing popularity in policy debates and academic discussions but has seen heterogeneous applications and little practical insight. The paper aims to identify relevant perspectives on transformative approaches and transformational change in the context of climate risk management and adaptation to propose an actionable definition for practical application. Using a systematic search and review approach, we review different perspectives across policy and scientific publications, focusing on work published in the past decade and identify common features of what transformational change in the context of climate risk management and adaptation may involve. We show that different perspectives on transformational change in the context of climate risk management and adaptation persist, but certain areas of convergence are discernible. This includes understanding transformational change as part of a spectrum that begins with incremental change; involves climate risk management and adaptation measures focusing on deep-rooted, system-level change and tends to aim at enabling more just and sustainable futures; often oriented towards the long-term, in anticipation of future climate-related developments. In addition, we identify an ‘operationalisation gap’ in terms of translating transformational change ambitions into concrete transformative measures that can be replicated in practice.
Using geographically weighted regression to predict the spatial distribution of frozen ground temperature: a case in the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau
Authors: Zhao Rui , Yao Mingxing , Yang Linchuan , Qi Hua , Meng Xianglian , Zhou Fujun 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This paper combines the use of principal component analysis (PCA) and the geographically weighted regression (GWR) model to predict the spatial distribution of frozen ground temperature. PCA is used to reduce the multicollinearity among covariates, while the GWR model is used to address the spatially non-stationary relationship between frozen ground temperature and its predictors, such as air temperature, latitude, longitude, and vegetation cover. Our approach is applied in a typical permafrost area in the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, Western China. The result demonstrates the applicability of our approach in the spatial distribution of frozen ground temperature and shows that the approach can be used for analysis and prediction. This study offers insight into temperature monitoring of frozen ground, which helps prevent regional geological disasters.
Biosynthesis and antibacterial activity of MgO-NPs produced from Camellia-sinensis leaves extract
Authors: Khan Abdulhameed , Shabir Dania , Ahmad Pervaiz , Khandaker Mayeen Uddin , Faruque M R I , Din Israf Ud 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Magnesium oxides nanoparticles (MgO-NPs) were synthesized by a novel technique based on the leaf extract of Camellia sinensis (Green tea). The synthesized nanoparticles were evaluated for antibacterial activity (against both gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens) and therefore can be a suitable therapeutic alternative to the usage of antibiotics. The antibacterial activity of synthesized MgO-NPs is tested against clinical isolates of gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia mercescens, Klebsiella pneumoniae) and gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus pyogenes) pathogenic bacteria. Agar well diffusion assay data indicate that MgO-NPs exhibit antibacterial activity at all concentrations tested against both gram-negative and gram-positive pathogenic bacteria, producing zone of inhibition (ZOI) in the range of 9.6 ± 1.1 to 21.0 ± 1.5 mm diameters. The maximum response is observed at 25 μg ml−1 concentration of MgO-NPs, producing a zone of inhibition ranging from 15 ± 1.2 mm (E.coli) mm to 21.0 ± 1.5 mm (S. marcescens).
Single-cell systems analysis: decision geometry in outliers
Authors: Abrahams Lianne 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Motivation
Anti-cancer therapeutics of the highest calibre currently focus on combinatorial targeting of specific oncoproteins and tumour suppressors. Clinical relapse depends upon intratumoral heterogeneity which serves as substrate variation during evolution of resistance to therapeutic regimens.

Results
The present review advocates single-cell systems biology as the optimal level of analysis for remediation of clinical relapse. Graph theory approaches to understanding decision-making in single cells may be abstracted one level further, to the geometry of decision-making in outlier cells, in order to define evolution-resistant cancer biomarkers. Systems biologists currently working with omics data are invited to consider phase portrait analysis as a mediator between graph theory and deep learning approaches. Perhaps counter-intuitively, the tangible clinical needs of cancer patients may depend upon the adoption of higher level mathematical abstractions of cancer biology.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Assessment of Multiplex Digital Droplet RT-PCR as a Diagnostic Tool for SARS-CoV-2 Detection in Nasopharyngeal Swabs and Saliva Samples
Authors: Cassinari Kévin , Alessandri-Gradt Elodie , Chambon Pascal , Charbonnier Françoise , Gracias Ségolène , Beaussire Ludivine , Alexandre Kevin , Sarafan-Vasseur Nasrin , Houdayer Claude , Etienne Manuel , Caron François , Plantier Jean Christophe , Frebourg Thierry 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Background
Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR on nasopharyngeal swabs is currently the reference COVID-19 diagnosis method but exhibits imperfect sensitivity.

Methods
We developed a multiplex reverse transcription-digital droplet PCR (RT-ddPCR) assay, targeting 6 SARS-CoV-2 genomic regions, and evaluated it on nasopharyngeal swabs and saliva samples collected from 130 COVID-19 positive or negative ambulatory individuals, who presented symptoms suggestive of mild or moderate SARS-CoV2 infection.

Results
For the nasopharyngeal swab samples, the results obtained using the 6-plex RT-ddPCR and RT-qPCR assays were all concordant. The 6-plex RT-ddPCR assay was more sensitive than RT-qPCR (85% versus 62%) on saliva samples from patients with positive nasopharyngeal swabs.

Conclusion
Multiplex RT-ddPCR represents an alternative and complementary tool for the diagnosis of COVID-19, in particular to control RT-qPCR ambiguous results. It can also be applied to saliva for repetitive sampling and testing individuals for whom nasopharyngeal swabbing is not possible.
Do Nursing Home Culture Change Practices Improve Residents’ Quality of Life and Promote a Person-Centered Climate?
Authors: Lee Minhong , Kim Kyeongmo , An Sok 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background and Purpose: Although nursing home culture change models (e.g., Green House, The Pioneer Network) in the U.S. have been proven to improve the quality of life of the residents by providing person-centered care and home-like environment, limited efforts have been made to implement a model in Korea. The purpose of this study was to examine whether the adapted culture change model would improve the quality of life of the residents and strengthen the person-centered climate. Methods: Employing a quasi-experimental design, the PI developed and implemented a 12-session culture change enhancement program to 32 staff in four nursing homes. Data were collected from 109 nursing home residents before and after the intervention, and key measures included the quality of life scale and the person-centered climate. The paired t-test analyses were performed with SPSS 26.0. Results: Paired samples t-tests showed that the culture change intervention significantly improved the quality of life of the residents. There were significant differences in the scores for privacy at pretest (M=2.63) and posttest (M=3.21); autonomy at pretest (M= 3.20) and posttest (M= 3.43); relationships at pretest (M= 2.88) and posttest (M= 3.36); individuality at pretest (M=3.26) and posttest (M=3.61). An average score for person-centered climate (M=6.25) were significantly higher than that of pretest (M=5.96) (p &lt;.01). Conclusions and Implications: This study suggests that providing support and education to nursing home staff about the culture change strategies is essential to provide personalized services to nursing home residents and encourage residents to participate in the decision-making process.
Did the 2008 Financial Crisis (Literally) Change Minds?
Authors: Whetung Cliff , Bhattacharyya Abhinav 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This paper investigated whether experiencing a major asset shock (30% or greater decrease in total assets) changed the cognitive health trajectories of older adults (aged 65+ at baseline)? There is a robust literature supporting a relationship between potentially modifiable environmental and individual risk factors and cognitive health and emerging literature supporting a relationship between physical health shocks and later-life financial stability in both the US and internationally. This analysis employed six waves of Health and Retirement Study Core Data (2006-2014) to estimate the causal effect of major asset losses in the period of the 2008 financial crisis. We matched respondents using a rich variety of covariates including education, race/ethnicity, income, total assets, chronic health conditions, depressive symptoms, frequency of physical activity engagement, and engagement with religious activities. Using both propensity score-matched growth curve and difference-in-differences models, we found a small, but significant, negative relationship between major asset shocks and total cognition scores. We also identified a significant overall negative effect on total cognition on all older adults in this sample regardless of exposure to asset shocks. Additionally, both the frequency of asset shock exposure and magnitude of effect on total cognition scores was larger for low-income African-American and Hispanic older adults. These findings suggest in part that recovery from large economic crises may be especially difficult for older adults occupying vulnerable socioeconomic positions and that such events may accelerate the cognitive decline of those who are at or near retirement when asset shocks occur.
The Implications of an Aging Undocumented Population in Illinois
Authors: Stanley Padraic , Lange-Maia Brittney , Shah Raj 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Both academic and public access literature regarding undocumented immigrant older adults is incredibly sparse, and there is no known literature forecasting its growth or the impact of that growth. Therefore, this two-part project commissioned a demographic report to analyze the current undocumented population in Illinois and its projected growth by 2030. We then convened a cross-sector collaborative of leaders in aging, healthcare, immigrant services, and their intersections to discuss the direct practice and structural policy implications of an aging undocumented community. According to this report, the number of undocumented immigrants who are over the age of 55 in Illinois will grow drastically by the year 2030. In fact, the population aged 65 to 74 will increase from 3,392 to 47,271 (more than a twelve-fold increase), and those aged 75-84 will increase from 594 to 7,621 (an eleven-fold increase). Under the current immigration and healthcare systems, without access to Medicaid, Medicare, or any public benefits, these individuals have extremely limited access to services necessary for older adults to age successfully in place—rehab, nursing homes, home health, homemaker services, long-term care, etc. The study also analyzed demographics from the current undocumented older adult population. This poster will summarize the findings of the demographic portion of the report, the themes and findings of the structural and practice implications of an aging undocumented community in Illinois, and provide policy recommendations to prepare for the wave of undocumented older adults by 2030.
Do Memory Problems in Older Drivers Impact Driving Frequency in Metro Versus Non-Metro Communities?
Authors: Orr Tyler , Rupper Randall 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Perceived memory problems may cause older adults to limit functional activities such as driving. For those individuals living in non-metropolitan communities, greater distances between activities, lack of public transportation, and fewer support systems may make reducing driving frequency less feasible. We hypothesized that older adults in non-metropolitan communities would be more likely to continue frequent driving even if they also perceived memory problems. We used the National Health and Aging Trends Study to examine the association between reported memory difficulty and the frequency of driving. These data were then stratified by metropolitan versus non-metropolitan classification using both ordinal logistic regression and Chi-Squared testing. In both metropolitan and non-metropolitan communities, respondents were more likely to report reductions in driving frequency if they also reported memory problems. However, in both metropolitan and non-metropolitan communities, the majority of respondents reporting fair or poor memory continued to report frequent driving; and, there were no statistical differences in frequency of reported driving between metropolitan and non-metropolitan respondents. These analyses suggest that strategies are necessary in both metropolitan and non-metropolitan areas to help older drivers with perceived memory difficulties to recognize when they need to limit driving. Further research is necessary to determine which strategies are likely to be effective in metropolitan and/or non-metropolitan communities.
Promoting Conversations About Cognitive Decline Between Older Adults and Primary Care Providers
Authors: Olivari Benjamin , Taylor Christopher , Reed Nia , McGuire Lisa 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias often begin with symptoms of mild memory loss, eventually leading to more severe cognitive impairment, functional impairment, and ultimately, death. Data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System core questions related to chronic diseases and from the cognitive decline optional module on subjective cognitive decline (SCD) from the years 2015-2018 were aggregated across the participating 50 states, D.C., and Puerto Rico for this analysis. Among U.S. adults aged 65 years and older, only 39.8% (95%CI=37.6-42.1) of those experiencing SCD reported discussing their SCD symptoms with a healthcare provider. The prevalence of discussing SCD symptoms with a provider was higher among those with at least one chronic condition than among those with no chronic conditions. 30.7% (28.6-32.8) of those aged 65 years and older reported that their SCD led to functional limitations and 28.8% (26.5-31.2) needed assistance with day-to-day activities. For patients aged 65 years and older, Welcome to Medicare visits and Medicare Annual Wellness Visits are critically underutilized primary care access points. Primary care providers can manage chronic conditions, cognitive health, and initiate referrals for testing. Efforts to promote the use of toolkits and diagnostic codes that are available to primary care providers to initiate conversations about memory loss with patients may be utilized to improve detection, diagnosis, and planning for memory problems. Discussions may lead to earlier detection and diagnosis of cognitive impairment, such as Alzheimer’s disease, or other treatable conditions such as delirium or pressure in the brain and avoid costly hospitalizations.