bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Management of pulmonary contusions during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Eguchi Daiki , Adachi Hiroshi , Choi Kwonil , Yonemori Koji 
Published: October 2020

BackgroundCoronavirus disease (COVID‐19) is an emerging infectious disease with human‐to‐human transmission. Early identification of patients with COVID‐19 is important in preventing its spread.Case presentationA 36‐year‐old man with a fever for 3 days fell from the 5th floor and was transported to our emergency department. Pan‐scan computed tomography (CT) revealed multiple ground‐glass opacities just below the pleura, pelvic fractures, thoracic vertebral fracture (Th11), and right femoral fracture. COVID‐19 was ruled out based on negative real‐time reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction results on days 2 and 3, and a reduction in the multiple ground‐glass opacities on CT carried out on day 5. Until the suspicion of COVID‐19 was cleared, strict and standardized processing procedures were implemented in the same way as for a patient with COVID‐19.ConclusionsIt is very difficult to rapidly differentiate between pulmonary contusions and COVID‐19, as these conditions have many similarities on CT.
Electrochemical Reduction of Carbon Dioxide and Iron Oxide in Molten Salts to Fe/Fe3C Modified Carbon for Electrocatalytic Oxygen Evolution
Authors: Liang Xinxin , Xiao Juanxiu , Weng Wei , Xiao Wei 
Published: October 2020

AbstractNon‐noble electrocatalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is essential for water electrolysis and electrochemical conversion of CO2. Integrating electrochemical fixation of CO2 and electrochemical metallurgy to prepare advanced OER electrocatalyst is a promising solution to promote carbon neutrality and renewable energy. Herein, the electrochemical reduction of CO2 and Fe2O3 are combined in molten salts to prepare cathodic Fe3C‐based electrocatalyst and anodic oxygen at 600 °C with enhanced current efficiency. The resulting Fe3C‐based electrocatalyst outperforms precious electrocatalyst towards the OER operation in 1 M KOH due to a dynamic structural evolution to form an interface of Fe3C‐FeOOH.
Precise Distance Measurements in DNA G‐Quadruplex Dimers and Sandwich Complexes by Pulsed Dipolar EPR Spectroscopy
Authors: Stratmann Lukas M. , Kutin Yury , Kasanmascheff Müge , Clever Guido H. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractDNA G‐quadruplexes show a pronounced tendency to form higher‐order structures, such as π‐stacked dimers and aggregates with aromatic binding partners. Reliable methods for determining the structure of these non‐covalent adducts are scarce. Here, we use artificial square‐planar Cu(pyridine)4 complexes, covalently incorporated into tetramolecular G‐quadruplexes, as rigid spin labels for detecting dimeric structures and measuring intermolecular Cu2+–Cu2+ distances via pulsed dipolar EPR spectroscopy. A series of G‐quadruplex dimers of different spatial dimensions, formed in tail‐to‐tail or head‐to‐head stacking mode, were unambiguously distinguished. Measured distances are in full agreement with results of molecular dynamics simulations. Furthermore, intercalation of two well‐known G‐quadruplex binders, PIPER and telomestatin, into G‐quadruplex dimers resulting in sandwich complexes was investigated, and previously unknown binding modes were discovered. Additionally, we present evidence that free G‐tetrads also intercalate into dimers. Our transition metal labeling approach, combined with pulsed EPR spectroscopy, opens new possibilities for examining structures of non‐covalent DNA aggregates.
Dexmedetomidine infusion for sedation in a patient with myotonic dystrophy*
Authors: Liu A. Y. , Dower A. , Nair S. 
Published: October 2020

SummaryMyotonic dystrophy type 1 is the most common muscular dystrophy in adults. Anaesthetic management should take into consideration the numerous body systems affected, including the musculoskeletal; respiratory; cardiovascular; gastro‐intestinal; and central nervous systems. A 42‐year‐old man with myotonic dystrophy presented for septoplasty and bilateral inferior turbinate reductions. He had severe upper and lower extremity myotonia and weakness, pulmonary impairment with non‐obstructive patterns and first‐degree atrioventricular block with reduced ejection fraction. He used bilevel positive airway pressure, a cough assist device and was paced 3% of the time with a single‐chamber pacemaker. To reduce potential complications associated with opioid use and general anaesthetics, an opioid‐free technique was planned using local anaesthetic infiltration and sedation with a dexmedetomidine infusion. The patient maintained spontaneous ventilation and haemodynamic stability, and had an uneventful postoperative course. Dexmedetomidine is a highly selective α2‐adrenergic receptor agonist that has the ability to provide sedation, analgesia and anxiolysis with a stable haemodynamic profile. Avoiding both opioids and general anaesthetics in these patients may decrease the risk of peri‐operative complications.
Modeling and optimization for industrial adipic acid synthesis reactors
Authors: Wei Hui‐Long , Pan De‐Tao , Yan Wei‐Cheng , Luo Zheng‐Hong 
Published: October 2020

AbstractVia coupling the mass balance, energy balance, and power law kinetic equations, a tanks‐in‐series reactor model is established to describe the performance of the industrial in‐series stirred‐tank oxidation reactors for adipic acid (AA) synthesis. Industrial‐scale experiments are carried out for model verification, and the satisfactory agreement between the experimental results and calculated data indicates the validity of model for the investigation of the reactor behaviors. First, single tank research is taken, and the results illustrate that the most sensitive parameter in the single reactor is the coolant temperature. Second, the five in‐series stirred‐tank reactors are selected according to the calculated intermediates conversion over the total tank number from 1 to 5. The optimal ketone–alcohol (K/A) oil feed distribution is found to be 1.7, 1.4, 1.1, 0.6, and 0.4 t/h. The corresponding reaction temperature distribution is 343.15, 346.15, 349.15, 351.15, and 353.15 K. The average residence time distribution is found to be 7.02, 6.61, 6.37, 5.80, and 5.63 min. The total yield of AA could reach up to 97.30% under the optimal conditions.
Anticorrosive properties and rust conversion mechanism of phytic acid‐based surface tolerant coating
Authors: Xu Hao , Lu Guangming , Liu Shuan , Pu Jibin , Tian Shu , Mao Chunlong , Chen Shanjun 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA phytic acid‐based surface tolerant epoxy coating was prepared, and the effect of phytic acid on the corrosion resistance of the composite coating on rusty carbon steel substrate was investigated. The results showed that the low‐frequency impedance modulus of the composite coating on rusty carbon steel could reached 108 Ω·cm2 order of magnitude after immersing for 480 h in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution. Compared with pure epoxy coating, the phytic acid‐based surface tolerant epoxy coating on the rusty substrate exhibited better corrosion resistance even if with some artificial defects in the composite coating. The protective performance of the composite coating mainly came from the formation of a stable iron phytate chelate in the reaction of phytic acid and rust. For the rusty carbon steel, the original Fe3+ on its surface was also transformed by phytic acid penetrating to the interface between the coating and the substrate. Therefore, a dense film was formed with the reaction of phytic acid and rust on the substrates, and the dense film became a part of the whole paint film, which could improve the corrosion resistance of the surface tolerant coating.
Mechanical, morphological, and tribological behavior of Eulaliopsis binata fiber epoxy composites
Authors: Pradhan Subhrajit , Acharya Samir Kumar , Prakash Ved 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis study is aimed at the potential use of a new natural fiber in polymer based composites (Eulaliopsis binata fiber) as a reinforcing material whose potential for tribological applications is still an unexposed area of research. The characterization studies of the fiber has been carried out with XRD, EDS, and Scanning electron microscope (SEM). Different weight percentages (10, 20, 30, and 40%) of short fiber were taken as reinforcement with epoxy polymer resin and hardener to study the tensile, flexural, and impact strength as well as the abrasive wear behavior of the developed composites. The experimental results indicate significant improvement in the mechanical and wear properties of epoxy with the incorporation of Eulaliopsis binata (EB) fiber. The composites containing 30 and 20 weight fraction of Eulaliopsis binata fiber exhibit optimum mechanical properties and abrasion resistance, respectively. The fractured and worn surfaces of the composites were studied under SEM to find out the failure mechanisms.
Effects of alkyl/vinyl‐modified nanosilicas on negative or positive high voltage direct current breakdown strength and tensile properties in silicone rubber nanocomposites
Authors: Park Jae‐Jun , Lee Jae‐Young 
Published: October 2020

AbstractTo develop silicone/nanosilica insulation materials for high voltage direct current (HVDC), hydrophilic surface of fumed nanosilica was changed to hydrophobic by modifying with various ratios of alkylsilane and alkylsilane/vinylsilane coupling agents and the effects of the modified nanosilicas on the HVDC breakdown strength under negative or positive polarities were studied. Dielectric and tensile properties were also studied. The surface modification was confirmed by Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR) analysis and the weights of the alkyl and alkyl/vinyl groups on the modified nanosilicas were measured by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Silicone rubber nanocomposites were prepared by mixing a liquid silicone rubber (LSR) and the modified nanosilicas, in which the mixing ratio of the LSR to the nanosilicas was fixed to be 20 wt%. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to observe the even dispersion of the nanosilica particles in the LSR matrix, and it was found that the surface‐modified nanosilicas were well dispersed in the form of nano‐clusters with 20–60 nm in size. Electrical properties (±HVDC breakdown strength and dielectric properties) and mechanical properties (tensile strength and elongation‐at‐break) were estimated, and it was found that ±HVDC breakdown strength and tensile strength were maximal when the surface modification ratio of alkyl: alkyl/vinyl groups was 50: 50 wt%.
Toughening of epoxy thermosets with nano‐sized or micron‐sized domains of poly(ethylene oxide)‐b‐poly(butadiene‐co‐acrylonitrile)‐b‐poly(ethylene oxide) triblock copolymers synthesized using room temperature ester coupling reaction
Authors: Jheng Li‐Cheng , Wang I‐Hsin , Hsieh Tsung‐Han , Fan Chin‐Ting , Hsiao Chi‐Hui , Wu Chien‐Pang , Leu Ming‐Tsong , Chang Ting‐Yu 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPoly(ethylene oxide)‐b‐poly(butadiene‐co‐acrylonitrile)‐b‐poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO‐b‐PBN‐b–PEO) triblock copolymers with three different compositions were synthesized from poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ethers and carboxylic acid‐terminated poly(butadiene‐co‐acrylonitrile) (CTBN) by ester coupling reaction at room temperature. The PEO‐b‐PBN‐b‐PEO was incorporated into anhydride cured epoxy thermosets to improve the fracture toughness by the formation of either nano‐sized spherical micelles or micron‐sized vesicles. The polymer chemical structure was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance, and gel permeation chromatography. The morphology of PEO‐b‐PBN‐b–PEO within the epoxy thermosets was investigated using a transmission electron microscope, an atomic force microscope, and a scanning electron microscope. Also, we conducted impact testing and plane‐strain fracture toughness testing to evaluate the fracture toughness in terms of the impact strength and the critical stress intensity factors (KIC) for the modified epoxy thermosets. The results revealed that all the PEO‐b‐PBN‐b‐PEO triblock copolymers are more effective in the toughening of epoxy thermoset compare to CTBN. We found that the 5 wt% PEO‐b‐PBN‐b‐PEO modified epoxy thermoset containing micron‐sized vesicles exhibited the highest KIC, which was 3.23 times as high as the KIC of pristine epoxy thermoset. Besides, the glass transition temperature remained and the tensile modulus did not reduce remarkably when the amount of PEO‐b‐PBN‐b‐PEO added into epoxy was 5 wt%.
Aligning fisheries management with life history in two commercially important groupers in Chuuk, Federated States of Micronesia
Authors: Rhodes Kevin L. , Baremore Ivy E. , Taylor Brett M. , Cuetos‐Bueno Javier , Hernandez Dalia 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Camouflage grouper, Epinephelus polyphekadion (Bleeker, 1849), and squaretail coralgrouper, Plectropomus areolatus (Rüppell, 1830), are commercially important medium‐bodied groupers that aggregate at specific sites and times to spawn and are highly vulnerable to fishing during these events. Populations of both species are in decline globally, such that management specifically targeting these species is warranted.
A 12‐month fish market survey in Chuuk, Federated States of Micronesia, provided an opportunity to examine age‐based reproductive life history of these two groupers and assess whether current management acts to conserve them. Life history characteristics of both E. polyphekadion and P. areolatus include a functionally gonochoristic sexual pattern and rapid growth particularly during early life history.
P. areolatus demonstrated early maturity (2.8 years) and a relatively brief lifespan (10 years), while delayed maturity (4.5 years) and higher longevity (25 years) was shown for E. polyphekadion. The spawning seasons for E. polyphekadion and P. areolatus were 2 and 3 months, respectively, which fall entirely within the January–April grouper sales, catch, and export ban period for Chuuk. Marketed catch included 22% E. polyphekadion and 15% P. areolatus juveniles, suggesting that size limits may aid in the conservation of these species.
Findings from this and recent grouper life history studies suggest that the current 4‐month ban in Chuuk be applied only to grouper species known to reproduce during these months to minimize economic impacts to fishers and market owners, and prevent shifts in fishing pressure to more vulnerable species, such as those with low population turnover times, slow growth, or late maturity. Size limits for catch, sale and export are also warranted as an additional management option.
Statische Analyse mit linear elastischen 3D‐Gebäudemodellen
Authors: Laggner Thomas Markus , Schlicke Dirk , Tue Nguyen Viet , Denk Wolf‐Dietrich 
Published: October 2020

Abstract3D‐Gebäudemodelle sind heutzutage ein weit verbreitetes Werkzeug für die Tragwerksanalyse in der Praxis. Die ermittelte Lastverteilung mittels 3D‐Gebäudemodell unterscheidet sich allerdings mitunter deutlich von den Ergebnissen einer konventionellen Berechnung mit extrahierten 2D‐Teilmodellen. Hintergrund ist, dass im 3D‐Berechnungsmodell die Verformungskompatibilität im Gesamttragwerk abgebildet wird, während die damit einhergehende Umlagerung bei einer Berechnung mit extrahierten 2D‐Teilmodellen vernachlässigt wird. Am Beispiel eines repräsentativen 15‐stöckigen Stahlbetonhochhauses mit Flachdecken und aussteifendem Kern wurden daher verschiedene Modellierungsansätze untersucht, um daraus allgemeine Empfehlungen für die praktische Anwendung von ganzheitlichen 3D‐Gebäudemodellen zu entwickeln.Dieser Beitrag zeigt zunächst auf, inwieweit sich die linear elastisch ermittelte Lastverteilung mittels 3D‐Gebäudemodell von jener einer Berechnung mit extrahierten 2D‐Teilmodellen unterscheidet. Hierbei werden zudem die Einflüsse aus der Baugeschichte, der Boden‐Bauwerk‐Interaktion, der Steifigkeiten der Anschlüsse und der Steifigkeitsreduktion der Decken durch Biegerissbildung dargestellt. Weitere Einflüsse auf die Lastverteilung in einem ganzheitlichen 3D‐Gebäudemodell infolge des zeitabhängigen Verformungsverhaltens von Beton (viskoelastische Betrachtung) werden in einem weiteren Beitrag der Autoren diskutiert. Insgesamt resultieren aus den verschiedenen Einflüssen signifikante Änderungen in der vertikalen Lastverteilung, die bei der Praxisanwendung von 3D‐Gebäudemodellen zu beachten sind.
Efforts to cope with CBME in COVID‐19 era to teach biochemistry in medical college
Authors: Suneja Shilpa , Gangopadhyay Sukanya , Kaur Charanjeet 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe COVID‐19 outbreak has shut down universities and prompted the teaching faculty to move to online resources. In view of upcoming of new Medical Council of India (MCI) curriculum and outbreak of COVID‐19 pandemic, keeping pace with medical education became a challenge. To keep on par with learning activities of undergraduate students during this period, the teaching faculty adopted the use of online resources. E‐learning tools were utilized to engage first‐year undergraduate students and satisfy majority of aspects of Competency‐Based Undergraduate Medical Curriculum/Education (CBMC/E) in Biochemistry.
Identification of lusianthridin metabolites in rat liver microsomes by liquid chromatography combined with electrospray ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry
Authors: Ju Zhengcai , Liao Qi , Yang Yuangui , Guan Huida , Ma Chao , Tang Xiaowen , Yang Li , Wang Zhengtao 
Published: October 2020

AbstractLusianthridin, a bioactive component isolated from Dendrobium venustum, has been demonstrated to have many biological properties such as antioxidant and anticancer activities. However, the metabolic profiles remain unknown. This study was carried out to investigate the metabolic profiles of lusianthridin in liver microsomes. Lusianthridin was co‐incubated with liver microsomes in the presence of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate and UDP‐glucuronic acid or glutathione at 37°C for 1 h. The incubation samples were analyzed by liquid chromatography combined with electrospray ionization high‐resolution mass spectrometry. The data were acquired and processed. The structures of the metabolites were proposed by comparing their accurate mass and MS2 spectra with those of the parent compound. A total of 15 metabolites were detected in vitro, including two phase I and 13 phase II metabolites. The phase I metabolic pathways were oxidation, demethylation and dehydrogenation. The phase II metabolic pathways referred to glucuronidation and glutathione conjugation. The present study provides an overview pertaining to the metabolic profiles of lusianthridin in vitro, which is indispensable for understanding the efficacy and safety of lusianthridin, as well as the herbal medicine D. venustum.
Sex differences in underweight and body mass index in Chinese early de novo patients with Parkinson's disease
Authors: Wu Qing , Liu Meizhen , Yu Ming , Fu Jianfei 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectiveThere have been studies investigating sex differences in clinical manifestation of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, sex differences in underweight and body mass index (BMI) in de novo PD patients lacked systematic study. We aimed to compare sex differences in clinical features and related factors of underweight and BMI in Chinese de novo PD patients.Materials and MethodsA total of 253 untreated PD inpatients and 218 controls were recruited from Ningbo. BMI, demographics, Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), supine and upright blood pressure, Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA), Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), homocysteine (HCY), uric acid, glycated hemoglobin, and lipid parameters were examined. Patients were assessed using the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) motor scores and Hoehn and Yahr (HY) Rating Scale.ResultsFemale patients had a significantly lower incidence of underweight and higher BMI than male patients, and there were sex differences in serum lipids, HCY levels, and depression severity. Binary regression analysis showed that only in male patients was underweight associated with the UPDRS motor score and lower ΔSBP and ΔDBP values (all p < .05). Further multiple regression analysis indicated, in addition to the correlations between BMI and ΔSBP and ΔDBP values in both sexes (all p < .001), BMI was also associated with MoCA and lower UPDRS motor scores in male patients and lower HAMD scores in female patients.ConclusionOur study suggests that there are significant sex differences in the prevalence of underweight, BMI, and factors associated with underweight and BMI among de novo PD patients.
Clinical outcomes of breast cancer patients treated in phase I clinical trials at University of Colorado Cancer Center
Authors: Weiss Jennifer A. , Nicklawsky Andrew , Kagihara Jodi A. , Gao Dexiang , Fisher Christine , Elias Anthony , Borges Virginia F. , Kabos Peter , Davis Sarah L. , Leong Stephen , Eckhardt Sue Gail , Diamond Jennifer R. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPatients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC) refractory to standard of care therapies have a poor prognosis. The purpose of this study was to assess patient characteristics and clinical outcomes for patients with MBC treated on phase I clinical trials. We performed a retrospective review of all patients with MBC who were enrolled in phase I clinical trials at the University of Colorado Cancer Center from January 2012 to June 2018. A total of 208 patients were identified. Patients had a mean age of 57 years and received on average 2.1 (range 0‐10) prior lines of chemotherapy. The majority of patients had hormone receptor‐positive/HER2‐negative breast cancer (58.6%) and 30.3% had triple‐negative breast cancer. The median progression free survival (PFS) was 2.8 months (95% CI, 2.3‐3.9) and median overall survival (OS) was 11.5 months (95% CI, 9.6‐13.2). Independent factors associated with longer PFS in multivariable analysis were treatment in a breast cancer‐selective trial or cohort (p = 0.016), age >50 years (p = 0.002), and ≤2 prior lines of chemotherapy in the metastatic setting (p = 0.025). Phase I clinical trials remain a valuable option for select patients with MBC and enrollment should be encouraged when available.
Development and validation of a prognostic nomogram for predicting cancer‐specific survival after radical cystectomy in patients with bladder cancer:A population‐based study
Authors: Yang Zhiqiang , Bai Yunjin , Liu Maoying , Hu Xu , Han Ping 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPurposeTo establish a prognostic model to estimate the cancer‐specific survival (CSS) for urothelial carcinoma of bladder (UCB) patients after radical cystectomy (RC).MethodsA total of 8650 candidates (2004–2011) obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database were randomly split into development cohort (n = 4323) and validation cohort (n = 4327). We performed Cox regression analysis to identify prognostic factors and Kaplan‐Meier analysis to assess survival outcome. A nomogram predicting CSS was constructed. Its performance was validated by calibration curves, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, concordance index (C‐index), decision curve analysis (DCA), the net reclassification improvement (NRI), and the integrated discrimination improvement (IDI).ResultsThe nomogram incorporated marital status, T stage, N stage, tumor size, and chemotherapy. In validation cohort, C‐index of the nomogram was 0.707. AUC of the nomogram and AJCC stage were 0.767 versus 0.674. Calibration plots for 3‐ and 5‐year CSS displayed good concordance. DCA curves of the nomogram exhibited larger benefits than the AJCC stage. The NRI and IDI indicated the nomogram outperformed AJCC stage.ConclusionsWe have established a prognostic nomogram with improved discriminative ability and clinical benefits for UCB patients after RC. The nomogram alongside an easy access web tool may assist clinicians in optimizing the postoperative management.