bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of sensitivity and specificity of CanPatrolTM technology for detection of circulating tumor cells in patients with non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Li Jingyao , Liao Yi , Ran Yaling , Wang Guiyu , Wu Wei , Qiu Yang , Liu Jie , Wen Ningyu , Jing Tao , Wang Haidong , Zhang Shixin 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background The early diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer is of great significance to the prognosis of patients. However, traditional histopathology and imaging screening have certain limitations. Therefore, new methods are urgently needed to make up for the current diagnostic defects.Objectives To evaluate of sensitivity and specificity of CanPatrol™ technology for detection of circulating tumor cells in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Methods Non-interventional clinical research approach was used in this study. CTCs in the peripheral blood of 98 patients with NSCLC (including 48 patients in stage I, 13 in stage II, 29 in stage III and 8 in stage IV) and 38 patients with benign pulmonary diseases were collected by the latest typing of CanPatrol™ detection technology and nanomembrane filtration technology. CTCs were divided into epithelial, epithelial-mesenchymal, and mesenchymal types by multiple mRNA in situ analysis. We followed a 3-year follow-up of the 98 NSCLC patients to observe the recurrence and metastasis of the tumor. Next, Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare multiple groups of data, Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare data between the two groups, and ROC curve analysis was used to obtain the critical value. Then, the COX risk regression and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis were performed in 63 NSCLC patients who were effectively followed up with recurrence and metastasis as the outcome.Results The epithelial, epithelial-mesenchymal and total CTCs were significantly higher in patients with NSCLC than in patients with benign lung disease (P < 0.001). The mesenchymal CTCs of NSCLC patients were slightly higher than those of benign lung diseases (P = 0.013). Both differences were statistically significant. The AUC of the ROC curve of the total CTCs was 0.837 (95% CI: 0.76–0.914), and the cut-off value corresponding to the most approximate index was 0.5 CTCs/5 ml, at which point the sensitivity was 81.6% and the specificity was 86.8%. COX regression analysis revealed that clinical stage was the factor affecting patient survival (P = 0.006), while gender, age and smoking were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). After excluding the confounders of staging, surgery, and chemotherapy, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that patients in stage IIIA with CTCs ≥ 1 had significantly lower DFS than those with CTCs < 1 (P = 0.022).Conclusion CanPatrol™ technology has good sensitivity and specificity in detecting CTCs in peripheral blood of NSCLC patients, and has certain value for clinical prognosis evaluation.
Co-loading of Levodopa and Curcumin Using Brain-targeted Protocells as a Drug Delivery System for Improving the Efficacy of Parkinson's Disease
Authors: zhou wenkai , Liu Chang , Yu Feifei , Niu Xia , Wang Xiaomei , Li Guiling , Li Xinru 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD), one of the most common movement and neurodegenerative disorders, is challenging to treat, partly because the blood-brain barrier blocks passage of most drugs. Levodopa is a common clinical drug for controlling the symptoms of PD, but it only replenishes the missing dopamine, can’t protect dopaminergic neurons. While curcumin as a neuroprotective agent has been reported for treatment of PD. Herein, we present a novel organic-inorganic composite nanoparticle with brain targeting (denoted as lf-protocells) for co-delivery of levodopa and curcumin, and demonstrate its attractive use as a biocompatible platform for PD treatment. The nanoparticle system is comprised of a lactoferrin (lf) modified lipid bilayer (LB) containing curcumin as its outer membrane and mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) containing levodopa as its supporting inner core. Our studies illustrate that the lf-protocells have a size of about 180 nm and spherical morphology, and can be used to co-load levodopa and curcumin efficiently. Further, a cell model and a mouse model induced by rotenone (Rot) and MPTP respectively are used to investigate the effects of binary-drug loaded lf-protocells on PD. Our results demonstrate that the combination of curcumin and levodopa alleviate the apoptosis of PD cells, enhance the cell viability as compared to levodopa used alone; levodopa together with curcumin also efficiently decrease the expression of a-synuclein, increase the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase in SH-SY5Y cells, and transform more levodopa into dopamine for supplement the loss of the brain. Moreover, the resulting binary-drug loaded lf-protocells ameliorate oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction as compared to combination of free drugs. In addition, testing in a mouse model indicate that lf-protocells can improve significantly the motor function and distribution in brain compared with unmodified protocells. In conclusion, binary-drug loaded lf-protocells show much better therapeutic efficacy in both the cell model and the mouse model of PD and lower toxicity than bare MSNs. These results suggest that lf-protocells can be used as a promising drug delivery platform for targeted therapy against PD and other diseases of the central nervous system.
A non-classical route of efficient plant uptake verified with fluorescent nanoparticles and root adhesion forces investigated using AFM
Authors: sharma sandeep , Muddassir Mohd. , Muthusamy Saraladevi , Vaishnav Pardeep Kumar , Singh Manish , Kanagarajan Selvaraju , Sharma Deepak , Shanmugham Vijayakumar 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background : Classical plant uptake is limited to water soluble or dispersible material. Further, the knowledge of adhesion and uptake of hydrophobic particles is limited to mammalian and bacterial cells, but not studied in plants; so here first time, we tested the fate of hydrophobic particles (oleylamine coated Cu 2-x Se NPs) in comparison to hydrophilic particles (chitosan coated Cu 2-x Se NPs) by treatment on the plant roots and studied the mechanism behind the uptake. Further, Cu 2-x Se NPs are one of the most popular nanomaterial which has been used in various fields viz., electrical, semiconductor industries, biomedicine and in sensing. However, the effects of these NPs on plants have been seldom studied. So here, along with polarity-based uptake, the toxicity of these NPs is investigated in a model plant, tomato. Results : Here, hydrophobic NPs have been found to be ~1.3 times more efficient than hydrophilic NPs in tomato plant root penetration. An atomic force microscopy (AFM) adhesion force experiment confirms that hydrophobic NPs experience non-spontaneous yet energetically favourable root trapping and penetration. Further, a relative difference in the hydrophobic vs. hydrophilic NPs movement from the roots to shoots is observed and found related to the change in the protein corona identified by 2D-PAGE analysis. Finally, the toxicity assays showed that Cu 2-x Se NPs lead to non-significant toxicity as compared to control.Conclusions : The enhanced uptake of hydrophobic NPs by the roots proves that non-classical forced penetration is more efficient. Hence, this enhanced uptake and sedentary behaviour of hydrophobic NPs in root can be adopted for eco-friendly leach-proof fertilizer application.
Sialic acid as a biomarker studied in breast cancer cells using fluorescent molecularly imprinted polymers, MIPs
Authors: El-Schich Zahra , Zhang Yuecheng , Göransson Tommy , Dizeyi Nishtman , Persson Jenny , Johansson Emil , Caraballo Remi , Elofsson Mikael , Shinde Sudhirkumar , Sellergren Börje , Wingren Anette Gjörloff , Dizeyi Nishtman 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Sialylations are post-translational modifications of proteins and lipids that play important roles in many cellular events, including cell-cell interactions, proliferation and migration. Tumor cells express high levels of sialic acid (SA), which are often associated with the increased invasive potential in clinical tumors correlating with poor prognosis. To overcome the lack of natural SA-receptors, such as antibodies and lectins with high enough specificity and sensitivity, we have used molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs), or “plastic antibodies”, as nanoprobes. Since high expression of EpCAM in primary tumors often is associated with proliferation and a more aggressive phenotype, the expression and of epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) CD44 was initially analyzed. The SA-MIPs were used here for the detection of SA on the cell surface of breast cancer cells. Lectins that specifically bind to the α-2,3 SA and α-2,6 SA variants, respectively, were used for analysis of SA expression with both flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. Here we show a correlation of EpCAM and SA expression when using the SA-MIPs for detection of SA. We also demonstrate the binding pattern of the SA-MIPs on the breast cancer cell lines using confocal microscopy. Pre-incubation of the SA-MIPs with SA-derivatives as inhibitors could reduce the binding of the SA-MIPs to the tumor cells, indicating the specificity of the SA-MIPs. In conclusion, the SA-MIPs may be a new powerful tool in the SA-analysis of breast cancer cells.
Bioinformatics analysis and characterization of a secretory cystatin from Thelohanellus kitauei
Authors: Zhang Fengli , Yang Yalin , Gao Chenchen , Yao Yuanyuan , Xia Rui , Hu Juan , Ran Chao , Zhang Zhen , Zhou Zhigang 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Thelohanellus kitauei, is a group of obligate parasitic Myxozoans, which causes intestinal giant-cystic disease of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and has resulted in significant economic losses in carp farms. Cystatin secreted by parasites can regulate the immune response of host to facilitate parasite’s survival. In this study, the secretory TK-cystatin gene, encoding a protein of 120 amino acid residues (13.65 kDa), was cloned from T. kitauei genome. Phylogenetic analysis showed that TK-cystatin gene is closely related to the cystatin-A from Hydra vulgaris. Multiple sequence alignment revealed that TK-cystatin had three conserved motifs: N-terminal G19G20, Q73VVAG77, and C-terminal L102P103. Molecular docking between TK-cystatin and three cysteine proteases showed a lower binding energy (-13 kal/mol) with cathepsin L whereas a higher binding energy (-8.6 kal/mol) with cathepsin B. TK-cystatin gene was expressed in Escherichia coli. Activity assays revealed that TK-cystatin has stronger inhibitory activity on endopeptidases (papain and cathepsin L) and weaker inhibitory activity on exopeptidase (cathepsin B). TK-cystatin was stable under the condition of acidity or alkalinity or below 57 °C. This study laid a foundation for the design and development of the anti-TK-cystatin vaccine in carp culture in the future.
Analysis of drug resistance mutation and signature pattern in the archived DNA of HIV-1 infected North Indian patients
Authors: Barik Sushanta Kumar , Mohanty Keshar Kunja , Mohanty Partha Sarathi , Hanna Luke Elizabeth , Karunaianantham Ramesh , Tripathy Srikanth Prasad , Tandon Rekha , Singh Tej Pal , Jena Srikanta 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Characterization of drug resistance mutations and signature pattern in the archived DNA of HIV-1 infected North Indian patients.Methods Blood samples were collected from 9 patients enrolled in ART Centre, S.N. Medical College, Agra, North India from 1 year to = < 7 years. DNA was isolated and amplified for protease and reverse transcriptase genes using nested primers from WHO dried blood spot protocol 2010. The polymerase chain reaction products were sequenced and drug resistance mutation patterns were analysed using the HIV drug resistance database, Stanford University, USA. Various computational tools and websites like Stanford HIV drug resistance database, Viral epidemiological signature pattern analysis (VESPA), Hypermutation, SNAP version 2.1.1, Entropy were utilized for analysis of the sequence data.Results This study enables an analysis of archived DNA samples in patients having lower viral load and where the situation of HIV RNA isolation was negligible. Lamivudine associated drug-resistant mutations such as M184V/M184I, nevirapine associated mutations Y181C and H221Y and efavirenz associated mutations M230I were observed in two patients. No mutations were observed in the remaining seven patients. The signature pattern analysis of 9 protease and reverse transcriptase genes identified the conservation of amino acid sequences as compared to the reference sequence. The signature pattern of nucleotide substitution (synonymous to non-synonymous ratio) of the protease gene was 5.02 and the reverse transcriptase gene was 7.01. No hyper mutation was observed in the protease and reverse transcriptase gene of the archived DNA.Conclusions The analysis of the drug resistance mutation in the protease and reverse transcriptase gene of the archived DNA of HIV-1 subtype C infected patients over 1 to = < 7 years of first-line ART may be helpful in the treatment guideline in North Indian patients. A few signature amino acids were persisted in the reverse transcriptase and protease gene of similar HIV-1 subtype C infected patients over 1 to = < 7 years of first line ART in comparison to the reference sequence. This archived DNA drug resistance mutation testing could be an important tool when RNA testing becomes unsuccessful.
Influence factors of death risk among COVID-19 patients in Wuhan, China: a hospital-based case-cohort study
Authors: Fu Lin , Fei Jun , Xiang Hui-Xian , Xiang Ying , Li Meng-Die , Liu Fang-Fang , Li Ying , Zhao Hui , Xu De-Xiang 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) triggered by infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been widely pandemic all over the world. The aim of this study was to analyze the influence factors of death risk among 200 COVID-19 patients.Methods Two hundred patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were recruited. Demographic data and clinical characteristics were collected from electronic medical records. Biochemical indexes on admission were measured and patient's prognosis was tracked. The association of demographic data, clinical characteristics and biochemical indexes with death risk was analyzed.Results Of 200 COVID-19 patients, 163 (81.5%) had at least one of comorbidities. Among all patients, critical cases accounted for 26.2%. Severe cases were 29.7%. Besides, common cases accounted for 44.1%. At the end of follow-up, 34 (17%) were died on mean 10.9 day after hospitalization. Stratified analysis revealed that older ages, lower oxygenation index and comorbidities elevated death risk of COVID-19 patients. On admission, 85.5% COVID-19 patients were with at least one of extrapulmonary organ injuries. Univariable logistic regression showed that ALT, TBIL, AST, myoglobin and LDH, AST/ALT ratio, creatinine, urea nitrogen and uric acid were positively associated with death risk of COVID-19 patients. Multivariable logistic regression revealed that AST/ALT ratio, urea nitrogen, TBIL and LDH on admission were positively correlated with death risk of COVID-19 patients.Conclusion Older age, lower oxygenation index and comorbidities on admission elevate death risk of COVID-19 patients. AST/ALT ratio, urea nitrogen, TBIL and LDH on admission may be potential prognostic indicators.
Clinical characteristics of 276 hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 in Zengdu District, Hubei Province: A single-center descriptive study
Authors: Wei Yiping , Zeng Weibiao , Huang Xiangyun , Li Junyu , Qiu Xingting , Li Huadong , Liu Dinghua , He Zhaofeng , Yao Wenzhong , Huang Ping , Li Chao , Zhu Min , Zhong Chunlan , Jiansheng Liu 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background We aimed to report the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) in Zengdu District, Hubei Province, China.Methods Epidemiological,clinical features, laboratory findings, radiologic manifestations, and clinical outcomes of 276 patients in Zengdu hospital were analyzed. Clinical outcomes were followed up to March 13, 2020.Results All hospitalized COVID-19 patients, 276 (median age: 51.0 years), were enrolled, including 262 non-severe and 14 severe patients. The proportion of patients aged over 60 years was higher in the severe group (78.6%) than in the non-severe group (18.7%, p < 0.01). Some patients had comorbidities (31.9% [88/276]), the proportion was higher in the severe group (85.7%) than in the non-severe group (29.0%, p < 0.01). Common symptoms included fever (82.2% [227/276]) and cough (78.0% [218/276]). Most patients (94.9% [204/276]) were cured and discharged; 3.6% (10/276) deteriorated to a critical condition and were transferred to another hospital. The median COVID-19 treatment duration and hospital stay were 14.0 and 18.0 days, respectively.Conclusions COVID-19 patients in the areas surrounding Wuhan mainly showed mild and typical symptoms, Older patients or those with underlying comorbidities were at higher risk of deteriorating to a critical condition. In addition, we found that it takes about 14 days for nucleic acid test to turn negative in non-severe patients after antiviral treatment.
Concentration Of Survivin In Children With Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA): Diagnostic And Prognostic Value – Single Center Study
Authors: Lipinska Joanna , Kaszkowiak Marcin , Swidrowska-Jaros Joanna , Smolewska Elzbieta 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND: The goal of the study was to assess the diagnostic and prognostic value of survivin in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA). METHODS: Seventy children with JIA – 59 newly diagnosed and 11 biologically treated (46 girls and 17 boys) aged 1.5-18 years and 29 healthy children as a control group, appropriately matched in terms of sex and age, were included into the study. Concentration of survivin was assessed by an ELISA test in serum and also 18 matched synovial fluid samples collected from JIA patients. RESULTS: Children with JIA were divided according to the subtype of the JIA. In 65.7% of patients oligoarthritis was diagnosed. The disease activity was established on the basis of JADAS-27 criteria, distinguishing three levels of inflammatory process activity: low, medium and high. The largest group comprised children of low activity (62.9%) of the disease. The serum concentration of survivin was significantly higher in JIA compared to the controls (p<0.001). Higher concentration of survivin correlated positively with the presence of anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide autoantibodies (ACPA) (p=0.001). In all synovial fluid samples the concentration of survivin was higher than in matched serum (p=0.003). Serum survivin concentration did not statistically significantly change according to radiological damage status or active synovitis assessed by joint ultrasonography. Survivin level was independent of the disease duration time and treatment with TNF-α inhibitors in DMARD’s non-responders. CONCLUSIONS: On the basis of the conducted study, it could be concluded that survivin seem to be an independent biomarker that may be helpful in the diagnosis of JIA. Nevertheless, the higher concentration of survivin is being associated with ACPA positivity, survivin can act as a unique biomarker that identifies an additional group of patients with JIA negative for autoantibodies, even in the early stage of the disease. We have failed to confirm survivin prognostic potential for the active and destructive course of the rheumatoid process, however it is worth to underline that children have better potential for bone regeneration than adults. Survivin measurement should be considered as aiding tool identifying DMARD’s non-responders.
Hsa_circ_0123190 acts as a competitive endogenous RNA to regulate APLNR expression by sponging hsa-miR-483-3p in lupus nephritis
Authors: Zhang Chunyi , Gao Congcong , Di Xueqi , Cui Siwan , Liang Wenfang , Sun Wenbo , Yao Menghui , Liu Shengyun , Zheng Zhaohui 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Lupus nephritis (LN) is one of the most severe complications of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Circular RNAs(circRNAs) can act as competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) to regulate gene transcription, which is involved in mechanism of many diseases. However, the role of circRNA in lupus nephritis has been rarely reported. In this study, we aim to investigate the clinical value of circRNAs and explore the mechanism of circRNA involvement in the pathogenesis of LN.
Methods
Renal tissues from three untreated LN patients and three normal controls (NCs) were used to identify differently expressed circRNAs by next-generation sequencing (NGS). Validated assays were used by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The interactions between circRNA and miRNA, or miRNA and mRNA were further determined by luciferase reporter assay. The extent of renal fibrosis between the two groups was assessed by Masson-trichome staining and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining.
Results
159 circRNAs were significantly dysregulated in LN patients compared with NCs. The expression of hsa_circ_0123190 was significantly decreased in renal tissues of patients with LN (P = 0.014). Bio-informatic analysis and luciferase reporter assay illustrated that hsa_circ_0123190 can act as a sponge for hsa-miR-483-3p, which was also validated to interact with APLNR. APLNR mRNA expression was related with chronicity index (CI) of LN (P = 0.033, R2 = 0.452). Moreover, the fibrotic-related protein, transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), which was regulated by APLNR, was more pronounced in the LN group (P = 0.018).
Conclusion
Hsa_circ_0123190 may function as a ceRNA to regulate APLNR expression by sponging hsa-miR-483-3p in LN.
Expansion and persistence of antibiotic-specific resistance genes following antibiotic treatment
Authors: Kang Kang , Imamovic Lejla , Misiakou Maria-Anna , Sørensen Maria Bornakke , Heshiki Yoshitaro , Ni Yueqiong , Zheng Tingting , Li Jun , Ellabaan Mostafa Mostafa Hashim , Colomer-Lluch Marta , Rode Anne A , Bytzer Peter , Panagiotou Gianni , Sommer Morten 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background. Oral antibiotics are commonly prescribed to non-hospitalized adults. However, antibiotic-induced changes on the human gut microbiome are often investigated in cohorts with pre-existing health conditions and/or concomitant medication, leaving the effects of antibiotics not completely understood.Results. We used a combination of omic approaches to comprehensively assess the effects of antibiotics on the gut microbiota and particularly the gut resistome of a small cohort of healthy adults. We observed that 3 to 19 species per individual proliferated during antibiotic treatment and Gram-negative species expanded significantly in relative abundance. While the overall relative abundance of antibiotic resistance gene homologues did not significantly change, antibiotic-specific gene homologues with presumed resistance towards the administered antibiotics were common in proliferating species and significantly increased in relative abundance. Virome sequencing and plasmid analysis showed the expansion of antibiotic-specific resistance gene homologues even three months after antibiotic administration, while paired-end read analysis suggested their dissemination among different species.Conclusions. These results suggest that antibiotic treatment can lead to a persistent expansion of antibiotic resistance genes in the human gut microbiota and provide further data in support of good antibiotic stewardship.