bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A qualitative exploration of mental health service user and carer perspectives on safety issues in UK mental health services
Authors: Berzins Kathryn , Baker John , Louch Gemma , Albutt Abigail 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundService user and carer perspectives on safety issues in mental health services are not well known and may be important in preventing and reducing harm. The development of the Yorkshire Contributory Factors Framework—Mental Health (YCFF‐MH) provides a broad structure within which to explore these perspectives.ObjectiveTo explore what service users of mental health services and their carers consider to be safety issues.Design, setting and participantsQualitative interviews with 13 service users and 7 carers in the UK. Participants were asked about their experiences and perceptions of safety within mental health services. Perceived safety issues were identified using framework analysis, guided by the YCFF‐MH.ResultsService users and carers identified a broad range of safety issues. These were categorized under ‘safety culture’ and included psychological concepts of safety and raising concerns; ‘social environment’ involved threatened violence and sexual abuse; ‘individual service user and staff factors’ dominated by not being listened to; ‘management of staff and staffing levels’ resulting in poor continuity of care; and ‘service process’ typified by difficulty accessing services during a crisis. Several examples of ‘active failures’ were also described.Discussion and conclusionsSafety issues appear broader than those recorded and reported by health services and inspectorates. Many safety issues have also been identified in other care settings supporting the notion that there are overlaps between service users and carers’ perspectives of safety in mental health services and those of users in other settings. Areas for further research are suggested.
Post‐radiotherapy vascular lesions of the breast: immunohistochemical and molecular features of 74 cases with long‐term follow‐up and literature review
Authors: Corradini Angelo G , Asioli Sofia , Morandi Luca , Brotto Maurizio , Righi Alberto , Iommi Marica , Agostinelli Claudio , Rucci Paola , Asioli Silvia , Sapino Anna , Viale Giuseppe , Foschini Maria P 
Published: February 2020

AimsA wide range of post‐radiotherapy (RT) vascular lesions can occur, ranging from benign lymphangiomatous papules of the skin (BLAPs), to atypical vascular lesions (AVLs) and post‐RT angiosarcomas (ASs). The relationship between benign and malignant post‐RT breast lesions and their prognostic features are still controversial. The aims of this study were to investigate the relationship between benign and malignant mammary post‐RT vascular lesions and to define post‐RT AS prognostic features.Methods and resultsSeventy‐four post‐RT vascular lesion cases were obtained and stained with antibodies against CD34, CD31, D2‐40, Ki67, and c‐Myc. Mutational analysis was performed by deep sequencing for the following genes: KRAS, NRAS, HRAS, BRAF, PIK3CA, TP53, NOTCH1, PTEN, CDKN2A, EGFR, AKT1, CTNNB1, hTERT, and PTPRB. Post‐RT AS cases were graded according to a previously reported breast AS grading system. AVL cases showed a low number of HRAS and hTERT mutations, whereas post‐RT AS cases showed a high frequency of EGFR, TP53, HRAS and hTERT mutations. On follow‐up, all BLAP and AVL patients were alive with no evidence of disease. Post‐RT AS 5‐year overall survival declined with the increase in grade, as follows: 85.7% for grade 1, 83.3% for grade 2, and 40.4% for grade 3.ConclusionsOur findings confirm that BLAP and AVL have a good prognosis, and that post‐RT AS prognosis is strongly related to histological grading. On molecular analysis, AVL and post‐RT AS shared HRAS and hTERT mutations, suggesting a relationship between the two lesions.
Association of metabolic syndrome with pediatric psoriasis: a case‐control study in Kabul, Afghanistan
Authors: Aalemi Ahmad Khalid , Hamdard Abdul Ghafar , Chen Hongxiang 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundLimited studies have assessed the risk of metabolic syndrome in pediatric psoriasis. This study was aimed to investigate the association of obesity and metabolic syndrome with pediatric psoriasis in Afghanistan.MethodsA case‐control study was conducted from March to December 2018 at the dermatology department of Maiwand Teaching Hospital in Kabul city. Participants were children aged less than 18 years; 113 children with psoriasis and 113 children without psoriasis were compared. Height, weight, waist circumference, and blood pressure were measured. Blood samples were taken following overnight fasting to test serum levels of glucose, triglyceride, cholesterol, and high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol. Analyses were done using Chi‐square test and independent t test. Odds ratio and 95% confidence interval were calculated.ResultsThe mean age was 13.9 ± 3.7 and 13.4 ± 3.4 years in the psoriasis and control groups, respectively. Males comprised 54.9% of the psoriasis group and 41.6% of the control group. Family history of skin disorders was higher among children with psoriasis compared to the control group (23.0% vs. 13.7%; P < 0.001). Children with psoriasis were more likely to be overweight/obese (27.4% vs. 12.4%, OR = 2.67; P = 0.005), to have central adiposity with waist‐height ratio of 0.5 or greater (23% vs. 9.7%, OR = 2.77; P = 0.007), and to have metabolic syndrome (13.3% vs. 2.3%, OR = 5.23; P = 0.005).ConclusionThe study revealed that children with psoriasis were more likely to have metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular risk factors compared to children without psoriasis.
Emotional attributes, social connectivity and quality of life associated with intermittent catheterization
Authors: Markiewicz Anna , Goldstine Jimena , Nichols Thom 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIntermittent catheterization (IC) has benefits such as helping prevent urinary tract infections; however, there are physiological and psychological risk factors. To what extent this is a health burden is not well known and deserves investigation. The primary objective of this study was to explore emotional effects, social connectivity and quality of life (QoL) associated with IC. A search of peer reviewed literature finds adjustment to life after spinal cord injury impacted by emotional and behavioural changes. Some authors suggest that IC influences the emotional status of users. An IRB approved cross sectional survey, conducted through the United Spinal Association, investigated aspects of life, health and limitations associated with IC. Those surveyed (n = 393) were adults (≥18 years) performing IC as a primary method of bladder voiding. Potential respondents were sent email invitations explaining the study, rights and confidentiality and a non‐transferable link to the questionnaire. Opening the link and completing the questionnaire were considered consent to participate. Attributes of depression, anxiety, feeling bad about one's self, empowerment, independence and confidence associated with IC were investigated. The data suggests individuals with emotional distress are characterized by a lack of positive attributes rather than their ability to overcome negative attributes. The data indicates a positive correlation between social connectivity and QoL (r = 0.473, P < .001). We found respondents performing IC are generally socially connected, but characterized by decreased positive attributes while not necessarily negative attributes, and some attributes potentially being influenced by caregiver assisted catheterization. Increased social interactivity is linked to increase quality of life. We suggest that clinicians reinforce positive attributes and the need for social connectivity as part of patient education.
Efficacy of methotrexate in polymyalgia rheumatica in routine rheumatology clinical care
Authors: Ruediger Carlee , Nguyen Leanne , Black Rachel , Proudman Susanna , Hill Catherine 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundCurrent guidelines recommend methotrexate (MTX) as a glucocorticoid‐sparing agent in patients with polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) who relapse or suffer glucocorticoid adverse effects, although there is no level 1 evidence to support this recommendation.AimsTo review the effect of MTX in PMR on inflammation and glucocorticoid dose.MethodsPatients with PMR from rheumatology outpatient clinics at two tertiary centres were identified. A structured case note review was conducted for patient characteristics at diagnosis and medications including glucocorticoid and MTX use.ResultsThere were 70 patients, 61% female; mean (range) age of 70 (51–87) years. At the time of diagnosis, median (±interquartile range) erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was 38.5 (26–74) mm/h and C‐reactive protein (CRP) 34.5 (6–74 mg/L) with median initiating prednisolone dose of 15 mg (range 5–60 mg). MTX was prescribed in 22 (31%) patients. Mean disease duration at MTX initiation was 2.5 years (1–7 years), with median (range) MTX dose of 10 mg (5–20 mg). At MTX initiation, median (interquartile range) (±standard deviation) ESR was 33 (13–60 mm/h) and CRP 19 (8–42 mg/L). Reasons for commencing MTX were disease relapse (34%) or inability to wean prednisolone dose (66%). Six months after MTX initiation, there was significant reduction in ESR (P = 0.012), CRP (P = 0.0003) and prednisolone dose (P < 0.0001). Eleven (50%) patients stopped MTX, five due to controlled PMR, and six due to adverse effects.ConclusionsIn this study of PMR patients in tertiary care, 31% were co‐prescribed MTX, after prolonged disease duration. MTX was associated with improved inflammatory activity and reduced prednisolone dose, with a relatively high risk of adverse events.
Reducing medication errors for hospital inpatients with Parkinsonism
Authors: Lance Sean , Travers Justin , Bourke David 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundPatients with Parkinsonism are 1.5 times more likely than comparators to be hospitalised and have a significantly longer length of stay in hospital. Medication delays, inappropriate medication omission, and administration of contraindicated medications likely contribute to these poor outcomes. Education and hospital system interventions may reduce these errors.AimTo determine the effectiveness of a multimodal education and awareness campaign in reducing medication errors in patients with Parkinsonism at Hutt Hospital.MethodsWe performed an audit of hospital medication charts to establish the baseline medication error rate and patient outcomes over a 3‐month period. We then delivered an intervention consisting of staff education sessions, a sticker alert system and increased priority for pharmacist review of patient drug charts. We repeated the audit after the intervention.ResultsIn the initial audit, the medication error rate was 22.5%, the clinical complication rate was 45% and one death was directly attributable to medication error. At follow up, the medication error and complication rates were 9.3% (absolute difference 13% (95% conflict of interest (CI) 10–16.4), P < 0.001) and 38% (absolute difference 7% (95% CI −19 to 34), P = 0.59), respectively, and there were no attributable deaths. The average length of stay before and after the intervention was 13 and 8 days respectively (absolute difference 5.7 days (95% CI −1.8 to 13.3), P = 0.135).ConclusionsThere was a high in‐hospital medication error rate for Parkinsonian patients. The intervention resulted in a statistically significantly improvement in the medication error rate. The estimated reductions in complication rate and length of stay may be clinically important. Similar interventions may be beneficial in other institutions.
Incidence and prevalence of pressure ulcers in cancer patients admitted to hospice: A multicentre prospective cohort study
Authors: Jakobsen Tina Bull Tafteberg , Pittureri Cristina , Seganti Patrizia , Borissova Elena , Balzani Isabella , Fabbri Samanta , Amati Piero , Donigaglia Sara , Gallina Silvia , Fabbri Elisabetta 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPressure ulcers lead to discomfort for patients and may have an important impact on a patient's quality of life. Measure the incidence and prevalence of pressure ulcers in a Hospice environment; evaluate the risk factors associated with pressure ulcers; and calculate the incidence of Kennedy Terminal Pressure Ulcers. This multicentre prospective cohort study enrolled 440 cancer patients in advanced phase, consecutively admitted to five hospices of the AUSL della Romagna (Italy), during a period of 1 year. Five hundred more patients were excluded from the study because of inability to sign the consent form or refusal to participate. All patients were adults above 18 years of age. The National Pressure Advisory Panel Classification System was used to evaluate the pressure ulcers. Potential risk predictors were evaluated through the Braden Scale, the Numerical Scale, and the Pain Assessment in Advanced Dementia Scale. Starting in September 2016, 214 (48.6%) females and 226 (51.4%) males were analysed. The incidence of pressure ulcers in the total population was 17.3%. The risk factors that influence the development of pressure ulcers were age, proximity to death, and duration of stay in Hospice. The incidence of Kennedy Terminal Pressure Ulcers was 2.7%. This study demonstrates that 17.3% of all patients admitted to a hospice setting developed a pressure ulcer. The longer the patients stay in hospice and the clinical condition deteriorates, the higher the risk of developing a pressure ulcer.
Gelatin/pectin‐based film incorporated with essential oils: Functional characteristics and shelf life extension of tilapia fillets under refrigeration
Authors: Aitboulahsen Mohamed , Chairi Hicham , Laglaoui Amine , Zantar Said , Abdelhay Arakrak , Bakkali Mohammed , Zerrouk Mounir Hassani 
Published: February 2020

AbstractFish gelatin‐pectin (GelExt/Pec) composite films incorporated with Mentha pulegium essential oil (MEO) and Lavandula angustifolia essential oil (LEO) at two concentrations (0.5% and 1.5%) were developed and their physicochemical, mechanical, and antimicrobial properties were determined. GelExt/Pec‐based film incorporated with 1.5% MEO (GelExt/Pec + 1.5% MEO) showed the highest antimicrobial activity against all bacterial strains tested. Incorporation of essential oils decreased significantly the tensile strength of all the films investigated. The film showing the best functional and antimicrobial properties (Gelext/Pec + 1.5% MEO) was used to prolong the shelf life of tilapia fillets under refrigeration. Control (unwrapped) and wrapped fillets were analyzed every 3 days in terms of microbiological (total viable count (TVC), psychrotrophic bacteria count (PC), lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and Enterobacteriaceae (ENT), and physicochemical parameters (total volatile base nitrogen [TVB‐N] and pH). Gelext/Pec + 1.5% MEO antimicrobial film retarded significantly (p < .05) the growth of TVC, LAB, PC, and ENT, throughout 12 days of storage compared with the control. Gelext/Pec + 1.5% MEO could be considered as an effective packaging to maintain the quality and extend the shelf life of tilapia fillets under refrigeration.
When a common language is missing: Nurse–mother communication in the NICU. A qualitative study
Authors: Kynoe Nina Margrethe , Fugelseth Drude , Hanssen Ingrid 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAims and objectivesTo explore how communication in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) between immigrant mothers and nurses take place without having a common language, and how these mothers experience their NICU stay.BackgroundAdmission of infants to NICU affects both parents and infants. Immigrant mothers constitute a vulnerable hospital population in need of culturally, linguistically and individually tailored information.Design and methodsThe study had a qualitative design reported according to the COREQ criteria. Eight mothers who spoke neither Scandinavian nor English went through individual semi‐structured interviews. Six mother–nurse interactions were observed, and eight nurses' experiences were explored through focus‐group interviews. All interviews were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. The analysis was thematic and hermeneutic in character.ResultsInterpreters were present during the consultations with the physicians, but rarely during the daily nurse‐mother interactions. Nurses focused on daily routines, infant care guidance and mother–infant attachment. The mothers learned through demonstrations and hands‐on guidance. Language barriers made it difficult to assess the mothers' understanding, but the mothers expressed that they felt adequately included in the care of their infant and well informed and guided. Even so, both mothers and nurses expressed desire to use interpreters more regularly. The pictorial communication boards available lacked important vocabulary needed in neonatal nursing contexts and their use furthermore interrupted the mother–nurse conversation.ConclusionBody language, simple words, guesswork, trial and error characterised the nurse–mother interaction. The nurses adopted various communication strategies to help the mothers understand and give them a voice. Competent interpreters were used during meetings with physicians, but not during daily bedside guidance and information giving by nurses.Relevance to clinical practiceKnowledge of immigrant mothers' and nurses' communication strategies and how both parties think, feel and act to overcome communication problem is necessary to improve clinical practice and reduce communication barriers.
Advance care planning for patients with cancer in palliative care: A scoping review from a professional perspective
Authors: Kuusisto Anne , Santavirta Jenni , Saranto Kaija , Korhonen Päivi , Haavisto Elina 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAims and objectivesTo describe advance care planning (ACP) for patients with cancer in palliative care from professionals' perspective.BackgroundThe number of patients with cancer is increasing. Palliative care should be based on timely ACP so that patients receive the care they prefer.DesignA scoping review.MethodsA systematic literature search was conducted in January 2019. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) checklist was used. The methodological quality of the studies was evaluated using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal tools. Data were analysed with content analysis.ResultsOf 739 studies identified, 12 were eligible for inclusion. The settings were inpatient and outpatient facilities in special and primary care including oncology, palliative and hospice care. ACP consisted of patient‐oriented issues, current and future treatment, and end‐of‐life matters. The participants were nursing, medical or social professionals. ACP conversations rarely occurred; if they did, they took place at the onset, throughout and late in the cancer.ConclusionsProfessionals could not separate day‐to‐day care planning and ACP. ACP documentation was scattered and difficult to find and use. Professionals were unfamiliar with ACP, and established practices were lacking. ACP conversations mostly occurred in late cancer. Further research clarifying concepts and exploring the significance of ACP for patients and relatives is recommended.Relevance to clinical practiceOur results support the use of ACP by a multidisciplinary team from the early stages of cancer as a discussion forum around patients' wishes and choices. We showed the need to raise professionals' awareness of ACP. Education and appropriate data tools for ACP are important as they may reduce reluctance and promote ACP use. This paper contributes to the wider global clinical community by pointing out the importance of standardising ACP contents and practices.
THE IMPACT OF THE EU EMISSIONS TRADING SYSTEM ON COMPETITIVENESS AND CARBON LEAKAGE: THE ECONOMETRIC EVIDENCE
Authors: Verde Stefano F. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis paper carefully surveys the econometric literature that tests for competitiveness effects and related carbon leakage caused by the EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS). The results of this literature tell us that to date there is no evidence of the EU ETS having had widespread negative or positive effects on the competitiveness of regulated firms, nor is there evidence of significant carbon leakage. However, the paper also identifies three important caveats to this general conclusion. Firstly, the evidence we have still largely refers to the first two trading periods, namely Phases I (2005–2007) and II (2008–2012). Secondly, some heterogeneity of estimated effects is observed, but patterns, notably sectoral patterns, hardly emerge. Thirdly, very little explored is whether the EU ETS has had long‐term effects on the economy via investment leakage or firm dynamics. Further empirical studies investigating these long‐term effects are particularly desirable.
Network‐based recruitment of people who inject drugs for hepatitis C testing and linkage to care
Authors: Falade‐Nwulia Oluwaseun , Ward Kathleen M. , McCormick Sean , Mehta Shruti H. , Pitts Stephanie R. , Katz Stephanie , Chander Geetanjali , Thomas David L. , Sulkowski Mark , Latkin Carl A. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAlthough oral direct‐acting agent (DAA) therapies have the potential to reduce the burden of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, treatment uptake remains low, particularly among people who inject drugs (PWID). This study examined the feasibility of an innovative peer‐based recruitment strategy to engage PWID in HCV testing and treatment. We interviewed an initial set of HCV antibody‐positive PWID as ‘primary indexes’ to gather demographic, drug use, health information and drug network characteristics. Primary indexes were then briefly educated on HCV and its treatment and encouraged to recruit their injection drug ‘network members’ for HCV testing and linkage to care. Eligible network members were enrolled as ‘secondary indexes’ and completed the same index study procedures. In sum, 17 of 36 primary indexes initiated the recruitment of 64 network members who were HCV antibody positive and eligible to become indexes. In multivariable analysis, successful recruitment of at least one network member was positively associated with prior HCV treatment (OR 2.80; CI [1.01, 7.72]), daily or more injection drug use (OR 2.38; CI [1.04, 5.47]), and a higher number of injection drug network members (OR 1.20; CI [1.01, 1.42]). Among the 69 participants with chronic HCV not previously linked to HCV care at enrolment, 91% (n = 63) completed a linkage to HCV care appointment, 45% (n = 31) scheduled an appointment with an HCV provider, and 20% (n = 14) initiated HCV therapy. These findings suggest a potential benefit for peer‐driven, network‐based interventions focused on HCV treatment‐experienced PWID as a mechanism to increase HCV linkage to care.