bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
STMN1 upregulation mediates hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatic stellate cell crosstalk to aggravate cancer by triggering the MET pathway
Authors: Zhang Rui , Gao Xiaomei , Zuo Jieliang , Hu Beiyuan , Yang Jimeng , Zhao Jing , Chen Jinhong 
Published: December 2019

AbstractSTMN1 has been regarded as an oncogene and its upregulation is closely associated with malignant behavior and poor prognosis in multiple cancers. However, the detailed functions and underlying mechanisms of STMN1 are still largely unknown in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development. Herein, we analyzed STMN1 expression and the related clinical significance in HCC by using well‐established Protein Atlas, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) cancer databases. Analysis indicated that STMN1 was highly expressed in HCC and closely associated with vascular invasion, higher histological grade, advanced clinical grade and shorter survival time in HCC patients. Overexpressing and silencing STMN1 in HCC cell lines showed that STMN1 could regulate cell proliferation, migration, drug resistance, cancer stem cell properties in vitro as well as tumor growth in vivo. Further experiments showed that STMN1 mediated intricate crosstalk between HCC and hepatic stellate cells (HSC) by triggering the hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/MET signal pathway. When HSC were cocultured with HCC cells, HSC secreted more HGF to stimulate the expression of STMN1 in HCC cells. Mutually, STMN1 upregulation in HCC cells facilitated HSC activation to acquire cancer‐associated fibroblast (CAF) features. The MET inhibitor crizotinib significantly blocked this crosstalk and slowed tumor growth in vivo. In conclusion, our findings shed new insight on STMN1 function, and suggest that STMN1 may be used as a potential marker to identify patients who may benefit from MET inhibitor treatment.
Stretching the Social: Broadening the Behavioral Indicators of Sociality
Authors: Akhtar Nameera , Jaswal Vikram K. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractHuman infants are social by nature. Early behaviors taken as evidence of an innate desire to connect with others generally include eye contact, smiles, and positive vocalizations. Studies have shown that, as infants mature, they begin to alternate gaze between objects of interest and their social partners (joint attention), and show signs that some people are special to them by becoming distressed when separated from them (attachment). In this article, we seek to highlight less frequently studied ways that infants and young children show their desire to connect and communicate with others. To do so, we draw on studies of infants in underrepresented communities, interviews with parents of autistic children, and a recent study of interactions between autistic adults.
The effect of deep inhalation on mannitol responsiveness
Authors: Blais Christianne M. , Davis Beth E. , Cockcroft Donald W. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundMannitol inhalation testing is specific for asthmatics with eosinophilic airway inflammation, a factor that has been negatively correlated with the development of deep inhalation bronchoprotection.ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of deep inhalations on responsiveness to inhaled mannitol in correlation with the degree of airway inflammation.MethodsTwenty participants with stable asthma completed this randomized, crossover study. A screening visit assessed responsiveness to methacholine and airway inflammation through fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) measures and sputum induction. Participants next completed two mannitol challenges, one with deep inhalations (standard method) and one with inhalations to half of total lung capacity, and two methacholine challenges, one with tidal breathing (standard method) and one with deep inhalations. Only the inhalation technique for dose administration differed between repeat mannitol or methacholine challenges.ResultsDeep inhalations did not significantly influence the provocative dose of mannitol causing a 15% fall in forced expiratory volume in 1 second ((P = .73; n = 7) or the mannitol dose‐response slope (P = .26; n = 20). Deep inhalations produced significant bronchoprotection against methacholine (P = .03; n = 20). FeNO levels were significantly correlated to sputum eosinophilia (P = .02; n = 15), responsiveness to deep inhalation methacholine (P = .005; n = 20), the dose‐response slopes from deep inhalation mannitol (P = .01; n = 20), and the dose‐response slope from non–deep inhalation mannitol (P = .005; n = 20).Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceDeep inhalations did not produce significant bronchoprotection against inhaled mannitol. This result is in agreement with past findings linking airway inflammation with loss of deep inhalation bronchoprotection.Clinical Trial RegistrationThis study was prospectively registered on clinicaltrials.gov (NCT 03505489).
Thyroid disorders in programmed death 1 inhibitor‐treated patients: Is previous therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors a predisposing factor?
Authors: Sbardella Emilia , Tenuta Marta , Sirgiovanni Grazia , Gianfrilli Daniele , Pozza Carlotta , Venneri Mary Anna , Cortesi Enrico , Marchetti Paolo , Lenzi Andrea , Gelibter Alain J. , Isidori Andrea M. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundProgrammed death 1 (PD‐1) inhibitors are frequently associated with thyroid‐related adverse events (TAEs), but many aspects remain unclear. This study aims to evaluate the incidence and characteristics of such events and to find any predictive factor for its development.MethodsWe retrospectively analysed data from patients with advanced solid tumours (non‐small‐cell lung carcinoma, renal cell carcinoma, metastatic melanoma) treated with PD‐1 inhibitors (nivolumab, pembrolizumab) in Oncology Unit B, Policlinico Umberto I of Rome, from June 2015 to December 2018. All patients underwent baseline thyroid function evaluations repeated monthly.ResultsThe cohort consisted of 126 patients (66.7% male, mean age 66.4 ± 9.7 years). One hundred and seven received nivolumab and 19 pembrolizumab. Twenty‐three per cent of patients experienced TAEs (mainly CTCAE grade 1), with hypothyroidism in 15.1% (subclinical: 11.9%, overt: 3.2%) and hyperthyroidism in 8.0% (subclinical: 4.8%, overt: 3.2%). Median time to TAE onset was 8.7 ± 6.8 weeks (10.4 ± 7.6 weeks for hypothyroidism, 5.4 ± 3.0 weeks for hyperthyroidism). Most TAEs (89.7%) appeared within the first 3 months, none after 8 months. Most hypothyroid patients (63.2%) had previously been treated with a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI). Logistic regression analysis showed that pretreatment with a TKI was a major predisposing factor for the development of hypothyroidism (OR 9.2, 95% CI: 1.4‐59.9, P = .020).ConclusionsTAEs are common during anti‐PD‐1 therapy and usually occur within the first 3 months of treatment. This is the first study evaluating the impact of previous oncologic therapies on TAEs, identifying TKI as a major risk factor for the development of hypothyroidism in patients treated with anti‐PD‐1.
A histomorphometric study on treated and untreated ceramic filled PEEK implants versus titanium implants: Preclinical in vivo study
Authors: El Awadly Tarek A. , Wu Gang , Ayad Mohamed , Radi Iman A. W. , Wismeijer Daniel , Abo El Fetouh Hamdy , Osman Reham B. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate the osseo‐integrative behavior of untreated (UCFP) and sandblasted ceramic filled PEEK (SCFP) implants in comparison with titanium implants through measurement of bone implant contact (BIC) and bone density (BD).Materials and methodsNine implants from each type were inserted into 9 dogs in which every experimental dog received the three different implants in the lower border of the mandible. The animals were euthanized after 3 months and extracting bone blocks containing implants followed by blocks preparation for histological examinations.ResultsBIC and BD were significantly higher in titanium and SCFP compared with UCFP group (p = .007) and (p = .012), respectively. Aluminum blasting increased the bone ingrowth and bone implant contact when compared to machined surfaces of untreated PEEK implants.ConclusionIn conclusion, sandblasting with 110 µm aluminum oxide particles can be proposed as a suitable surface treatment that enhances hydrophilicity of CFP. Further in vivo animal studies are still needed to confirm the findings of this study.
Evaluation of metastases to the pancreas with fine needle aspiration: A case series from a single centre with review of the literature
Authors: Ioakim Kalliopi J. , Sydney Guy I. , Michaelides Constantinos , Sepsa Athanasia , Psarras Konstantinos , Tsiotos Gregory G. , Salla Charitini , Nikas Ilias P. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectiveFine needle aspiration (FNA) is a minimally invasive albeit highly effective modality used to detect solid and cystic pancreatic lesions. This manuscript aims to present our experience in diagnosing metastases to the pancreas and highlight the importance of immunocytochemistry in the diagnostic process. It also aims to provide a brief review of the literature on this topic.MethodsWe retrospectively searched our archives for cases of metastatic deposits to the pancreas diagnosed with FNA over a 5‐year period. We also reviewed the literature for such cases.ResultsWe describe seven cases from our archives that metastasised to the pancreas. Three of them (43%) represented metastatic renal cell carcinoma while the rest four comprised deposits from a lung adenocarcinoma, a colon adenocarcinoma, an adrenal leiomyosarcoma, and a small cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder, respectively. History of primary malignancy was available for all seven patients. All diagnoses were confirmed with the use of immunostains. In our literature review, similar to our case series, renal cell carcinoma was the most common metastasis to the pancreas managed with FNA (around one out of three patients; 35%). Of interest, our endoscopic ultrasound‐FNA case of pancreatic metastasis from urinary bladder small cell carcinoma is the first reported.ConclusionsAs metastases to the pancreas are commonly accompanied by diverse prognostic signatures and management strategies compared to primary pancreatic malignancies, their accurate identification is imperative. Pancreatic FNA is a diagnostic modality that can confirm or exclude metastasis to the organ, especially when immunocytochemistry is applied.
The impact of street service care on frontline service utilisation during high‐alcohol use hours in one night‐time entertainment precinct in Australia
Authors: Taylor Nicholas , Coomber Kerri , Curtis Ashlee , Mayshak Richelle , Harries Travis , Ferris Jason , Patafio Brittany , Hides Leanne , de Andrade Dominique , Miller Peter 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIntroduction and AimsStreet service care providers in Queensland, Australia are organisations tasked with assisting vulnerable individuals and aiding intoxicated patrons that are at risk of harm in night‐time entertainment precincts (NEP). Members of these organisations patrol NEPs and provide services, such as first aid, to individuals in need. There has been no research conducted on their impact on crime, injuries and on the duties of Australian frontline service resources (e.g. police and ambulance services). This study evaluated the introduction of a single street service care in the Cairns NEP on police‐recorded assaults, emergency department injury presentations and ambulance service utilisation during high‐alcohol hours.Design and MethodsPolice‐recorded assaults (common and serious), emergency department injury presentations and ambulance attendances for the Cairns suburbs were examined. Autoregressive integrated moving average time series analyses were used to determine the impact of street service care on monthly counts for each dataset.ResultsSerious assaults during high‐alcohol hours significantly declined after the introduction of the support service in Cairns, with a one‐month lagged impact (B = −1.66, 95% confidence interval −3.02, −0.30). No other significant impact on common assaults, emergency department injury presentations or ambulance attendances were found.Discussion and ConclusionsThis study provides preliminary evidence that street service care may help to decrease assaults within a single NEP. However, further research investigating the impact of street services in larger cities, and determining what other roles the service may be able to play in preventing alcohol‐related harm, is needed.
Supply Chain Contracts in the Presence of Gray Markets
Authors: Srivastava Abhishek , Mateen Arqum 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTAbuse of channel incentives by a manufacturer's authorized retailers often encourages gray markets to emerge, which affects supply chain profit as well as the manufacturer's brand image. Therefore, myopically selecting a product distribution contract can be harmful. We analyze the performance of a number of contracts in the presence of a gray market—primarily wholesale price, revenue sharing, and quantity discounts—and analyze their impact on prices charged, quantity ordered, as well as profits. We also investigate their impact on consumer surplus and social welfare. Our results indicate that selection of an appropriate contract is quite crucial, as different contracts give different results across a variety of operating parameters. Their performance is governed by the relative trade‐offs involving diversion of excess quantity to the gray market at the end of the season, an extension of target market due to lower prices in the alternate channel, and the negative impact on the manufacturer's brand that also affects its revenue. We delineate these characteristics and find that, in general, the quantity discount contract performs the worst. Interestingly, if the blowback suffered by the manufacturer on account of product availability in the gray market is high, the wholesale price contract may outperform the other contracts, including the revenue‐sharing contract with a truthful retailer, which otherwise is a more attractive option. We discuss the implications of our analysis, and also provide strategies and pointers to manage the impact of gray markets.
Is inferior vena cava compression an alternative for valsalva maneuver in contrast‐enhanced transcranial doppler？
Authors: He Yitao , Deng Jian , Tu Jingmei , Zhang Hui , Guo Yi 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate whether inferior vena cava compression (IVCC) can be an alternative for valsalva maneuver (VM) in contrast‐enhanced transcranial doppler (c‐TCD).MethodsPatients diagnosed with ischemic stroke, transient ischemic attack, and migraine were enrolled in this study. C‐TCD was conducted at resting state, after VM and IVCC to detect right to left shunt (RLS). Then, the RLS was compared to examine whether IVCC could be an alternative for VM in c‐TCD.ResultsA total of 246 patients were enrolled in this study. Via Wilcoxon signed‐rank test of paired data, the detection for RLS of c‐TCD conducted after IVCC was superior to at resting state, but inferior to after VM (P ＜ .001, P = .01, respectively); the detection for RLS of c‐TCD conducted after IVCC was inferior to after VM for patients with good cooperation of VM, but was superior for patients with poor cooperation of VM (P ＜ .001, P ＜ .001, respectively); the detection for RLS of c‐TCD conducted after IVCC and after VM showed no significant difference for patients with good cooperation of VM and without abdominal obesity, or with poor cooperation of VM and with abdominal obesity (P = .201, P = .157, respectively); the detection for RLS of c‐TCD conducted after IVCC was superior to at resting state for patients with abdominal obesity (P ＜ .001).ConclusionsFor patients with poor cooperation of VM, IVCC could be used as an effective supplement to increase the detection of RLS in c‐TCD.
Fatigue strength of fillet‐welded joints at subzero temperatures
Authors: Braun Moritz , Scheffer Robert , Fricke Wolfgang , Ehlers Sören 
Published: December 2019

AbstractShips and offshore structures may be operated in areas with seasonal freezing temperatures and extreme environmental conditions. While current standards state that attention should be given to the validity of fatigue design curves at subzero temperatures, studies on fatigue strength of structural steel at subzero temperatures are scarce. This study addresses the issue by analysing the fatigue strength of welded steel joints under subzero temperatures. Although critical weld details in large welded structures are mostly fillet‐welded joints, most published data are based on fatigue crack growth rate specimens cut out of butt‐welded joints. This study analyses fillet‐welded specimens at −20°C and −50°C against controls at room temperature. Significantly higher fatigue strength was measured in comparison to estimates based on international standards and data from design codes even at temperatures far below the allowed service temperature based on fracture toughness results.
Relationship of serum magnesium level with body composition and survival in hemodialysis patients
Authors: Mizuiri Sonoo , Nishizawa Yoshiko , Yamashita Kazuomi , Ono Kyoka , Usui Koji , Arita Michiko , Naito Takayuki , Doi Shigehiro , Masaki Takao , Shigemoto Kenichiro 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIntroductionA relationship between serum magnesium (Mg) and body composition parameters has not been reported in hemodialysis (HD) patients. We aimed to clarify whether serum Mg has any association with body composition parameters, or survival in HD patients.MethodsThis study included 215 consecutive maintenance HD patients. Laboratory data collection and postdialysis body composition analysis were performed at baseline. The patients were divided based on baseline serum Mg level tertiles (low, medium, and high Mg groups). Kaplan–Meier survival, logistic regression analyses and Cox proportional hazard analyses were conducted.FindingsAmong all patients, the median age and dialysis vintage were 73 (65–81) years and 44 (8–96) months, respectively. The serum Mg levels were < 2.3, 2.3–2.5, and > 2.5 mg/dL for the low (n = 67), middle (n = 76), and high (n = 72) Mg groups, respectively. Compared to other groups, low Mg group showed significantly higher age and C‐reactive protein levels, but lower serum albumin, normalized protein catabolic rates and frequency of on‐line hemodiafiltration. The low, middle, and high Mg groups differed significantly regarding body cell mass (fat‐free mass without bone mineral mass and extracellular water) index (BCMI): [5.6 (4.2–6.8), 6.0 (4.8–8.1), 6.7 (4.9–7.5) kg/m2, respectively] and overhydration/extracellular water ratio (OH/ECW) [11.7 (4.5–21.9), 4.8 (1.0–14.1), 8.5 (−0.5–15.0) %, respectively] but not regarding body mass index, lean tissue index, fat tissue index. Hypomagnesemia was significantly associated with BCMI [odds ratio (OR) [95% confidence interval (CI)]: 0.85 [0.73–1.00] and OH/ECW (OR [95% CI]: 1.03 [1.01–1.05]), respectively. Kaplan‐Meyer 3‐year survival rates were 53.6%, 69.7%, and 71.7% in low, middle, and high Mg groups, respectively. However, hypomagnesemia was not significantly associated with 3‐year all‐cause mortality independent of age, serum albumin and C‐reactive protein.DiscussionHypomagnesemia was associated with lower BCMI, more pronounced OH/ECW and poorer Kaplan–Meier 3‐year cumulative survival, but was not an independent risk factor for mortality in HD patients.
Appraisal of Headache Trigger Patterns Using Calendars
Authors: Turner Dana P. , Leffert Lisa R. , Houle Timothy T. 
Published: December 2019

ObjectiveUsing experimental, yet realistic, headache calendars, this laboratory study evaluated the ability of individuals to identify the degree of association between triggers and headaches.BackgroundIndividuals with headache often record daily diaries or calendars to identify their patterns of triggers.MethodsThis cross‐sectional, observational study included adults with migraine, tension‐type, or cluster headache who had ever experienced more than 5 attacks. Participants (N = 300) were presented with headache calendars and asked to rate the strength of the relationship (how strongly one causes the other) between 3 experimental triggers (high stress, poor sleep, and cinnamon) and headache using a 0 (“no relationship”) to 10 (“perfect relationship”) scale for each calendar.ResultsCalendars with a high positive correlation between trigger and headache had higher participant ratings than those with low correlations. The median [25th, 75th] of ratings for each correlation level was low correlation: 1 [0, 4], medium: 4 [2, 5], and high: 5 [4, 8], P < .0001. However, participants appeared to ignore negative associations (ie, trigger present with no headache) and rated calendars with more headache days as having higher associations, regardless of the true relationship. The ratings for 2, 6, and 26 headache days were 1 [0, 3], 4 [1, 6], and 8 [0, 10], respectively (P < .0001). Participants’ previous beliefs about the triggers also affected their ratings (average correlation across triggers: r = 0.25, P < .0001).ConclusionsThis laboratory task supports the notion that individuals with headache are able to identify the association between headaches and triggers using headache calendars. However, these judgments can be biased by the individuals’ previous beliefs about the trigger and by the degree of headache activity.
Turnover prevention: The direct and indirect association between organizational job stressors, negative emotions and professional commitment in novice nurses
Authors: ten Hoeve Yvonne , Brouwer Jasperina , Kunnen Saskia 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAimsGetting insight in the most crucial organizational job stressors for novice nurses' professional commitment and whether the job stressors are mediated through negative emotions.DesignThe study used an observational cohort design.MethodsOrganizational job stressors were derived from 580 diary entries by 18 novice nurses combined with measures on emotions and commitment. The diaries were collected from September 2013–September 2014.ResultsPath modelling revealed that lack of support from colleagues, negative experiences with patients and confrontations with existential events were most strongly negatively related to professional commitment through negative emotions. Other indirectly and negatively related organizational job stressors to commitment were complexity of care, lack of control and work‐life imbalance; only conflicting job demands, and lack of control related to professional commitment directly.Conclusion(s)To enhance professional commitment, it is important to reduce negative emotions in novice nurses by collegial support in dealing with negative experiences with patients, complexity of care and existential events and to prevent lack of control and an imbalance between private life and work. Nurse supervisors and managers can encourage nurses to share negative patient experiences, issues related to complexity of care and existential events.ImpactConsidering the worldwide nursing shortage and early turnover, more understanding is needed about how negative emotions mediate the relationship between organizational negative job stressors and professional commitment and the relative impact of organizational job stressors to professional commitment. The study stresses the importance of a supportive role of supervisors and nurse managers to improve the work environment and hence increase novice nurses' commitment and retention.