bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Musa Acuminata Bract extraction for dye sensitized solar cell fabrication with Microwave Irradiation
Authors: Sutikno  , Ati L 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
One of the problems encountered in the making of dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) is the efficiency still relatively small compared to the conventional solar cells made from silicon. In this study, microwave irradiation was used in the process of coating Musa Accuminata Bract extract, with the aim that more anthocyanin pigments absorbed in the work electrode. This anthocyanin can make more sun energy absorbed and enhances efficiency. The resulting Musa Acuminata Bract extract was characterized using Ocean Optic Vis-Nir USB 4000 to determine its optical properties and produce maximum absorbance of 1.7353 at mass fraction of 0.45. The irradiation process was carried out using Electrolux Microwave Oven (EMM 2308X) at 140 W. After the DSSC sandwich is arranged, the sample is characterized using an El-Kahfi 100 I-V meter to determine its electrical properties. DSSC without microwave irradiation has an efficiency of 0.000345%, while with microwave irradiation, it could yield efficiency of 7.26%. This proves that microwave irradiation can improve DSSC performance.
Video tracker analysis: a strategy for measuring students communication and collaboration skills
Authors: Fianti  , Listiagfiroh W , Susilo  
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Students must have communication skills to communicate their ideas and thoughts. The communication skill of students plays a role in physics learning because it can change the learning situation in a better direction. In addition to communication skills, collaboration skills must also be owned by the students in the learning of physics, one of which is used to conduct observations in groups. The purpose of this research is to know the relationship between communication skills and students’ collaboration skills, especially in physics. This research is experimental and the sample was taken by purposive sampling technique. In the results, there is a very high relationship between communication skills and students’ collaboration. The score students’ communication skills was 0.876, indicating that there was a direct relationship between students’ communication and collaboration skills, where students’ communication skills increase with the increasing of collaboration skill. Additionally, learning used of video tracker software created new knowledge and skills.
Activity and selectivity of Ni/beta zeolite and Cu/beta zeolite catalysts on citronellal cyclization reaction from citronella oil
Authors: Utami Defi Nur , Cahyono Edy , Priatmoko Sigit 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Isopulegol is an intermediate compound for synthesis some fine chemical and used in the pharmaceutical, soap and tooth paste industry. Conversion of citronellal to isopulegol in catalysed cyclization reaction has been investigated. Isopulegol can be produced by using cyclization reaction of citronellal with Ni/beta zeolite and Cu/beta zeolite catalysts. Citronellal has been isolated from citronella oil by fractional distillation under reduced pressure. The structure of product were analyzed by using GC, GC-MS and FTIR. The catalysts were prepared by using impregnation method and characrized by using XRD and SAA instruments. Citronellal cyclization was carried out at 180°C for 4 hour. Based on GC and GC-MS analysis, it was shown that concentration of isolated citronellal of 84.26%. XRD analysis of catalysts showed that the metals were impregnated with beta zeolite. Citronellal cyclization using Cu/beta zeolite catalyst produces 69.31% isopulegol and Ni/beta zeolite catalyst produce isopulegol at 29.68%. The Cu/beta zeolite catalyst has an activity of 90.20% and selectivity of 80.98%. The activity of Ni/beta zeolite catalyst of 42.53% with selectivity of 76.60%. These results indicate that Cu/beta zeolite catalyst is better than Ni/beta zeolite in citronellal cyclization.
The influence of polyethylene glycol on characteristic of Fe-N-TiO2 photocatalyst and its activity for water splitting
Authors: Priatmoko S , Sadewo R P , Harjito  , Rakainsa S K 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Fe-N-TiO2 photocatalyst has been used in water splitting to produce hydrogen. Templating agent and dopant modification intends to determine the optimum composition with the best characterization and the highest production rate in visible light. Fe-N-TiO2 is synthesized using a sol-gel method with a various PEG and N weight percent. The variation of PEG is 2, 3, and 4% while N is 20, 25, and 30%w/w. Photocatalyst is characterized using DR-UV to find the band gap, XRD to see the crystallinity, and FTIR to know the functional group. Hydrogen gas from water splitting is analyzed using GC-TCD. Fe-N-TiO2 with 20wt% N can decrease up band gap to 2.56 eV. Photocatalyst with 4% PEG accelerates gelation time to 164.33 hours. The calculation of PEG anatase phase is 86.86% while the crystallite size is 44.26 nm. Synthesized Fe-N-TiO2 has major absorbtion at 520 cm-1 which is a region of Ti-O. From the activity test, Fe-N-TiO2 with 2% PEG and 20wt% N produces 0.076 μmol/hour hydrogen.
Bioethanol production from cassava-based industrial wastes using acid hydrolysis and simple fermentation
Authors: Heriyanti A P , Fibriana F , Tirtasari N L 
Published: July 2020

AbstractTapioca flour industry produces starchy wastes. Improper handling of this waste can cause environmental problems. The bioconversion of starchy waste to bioethanol has been widely performed. However, the utilization of solid waste from the tapioca flour industry for bioethanol production is still limited. This research is a preliminary investigation to determine the level of ethanol produced from cassava pulp and peel by the fermentation process. Cassava pulp and peel were prepared for the delignification process, hydrolysis process, fermentation process, and finally, the purification process. The fermentation process was carried out by varying fermentation periods, i.e., 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14 days. The highest ethanol concentration at 6.2% was obtained after eight days of fermentation.
Synthesis and characterization of bioactive compound from Cocoa fruit shell by pyrolysis process
Authors: Wijaya M , Wiharto M 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCocoa contain polyphenols and potential antioxidants. Polyphenols is beneficial to human health and used for cosmetic and food manufacturing. The production of cocoa and its derivative products resulted liquid smoke, tar and charcoal. Pyrolysis is able to overcome the accumulation of those production waste. In this study, pyrolysis was conducted at temperature 114-514°C. Analysis of cocoa shell content from Bulukumba district was lignin (42.28%), cellulose (44.55%), hemicellulose (10.02%). Analysis of cocoa shell content from Enrekang district was lignin (45.61%), cellulose (37.61%), hemicellulose (6.40%), and others (10.38%). GC-MS analysis for liquid smoke of cocoa shell from Bulukumba resulted acetic acid (18.39%), butyrolacton (6.27%), oxetane, 2-propyl (4.45%), 2,6-dimethyl-7-octen-3-ol (6.48%), and hexadecanoic acid (4.36%). GC-MS analysis for liquid smoke for cocoa shell Enrekang resulted acetic acid (25.78%), propane diamide (2.18%), acetamide N–methyl (4.0%), cyclopropyl carbinol (12.57%), 2-propanoic acid-2-methyl (7.83%), phenol 2,6-dimethoxy (2.72%), 1,6-anhydro-beta (5.83%), alpha-beta-D ribopyranose (1.76%). While XRD analysis for cocoa shell from Bulukumba and Enrekang showed that the degree crystallinity are 40.15% and 22.22%, respectively. The use of pyrolysis of cocoa shell can reduce carbon emission as environmental pollution and increase the economic value.
The application of liquid and solid organic fertilizer from Tilapia fish waste for conservation of Central Sulawesi superior Jackfruit plant from Tulo and Beka
Authors: Tiwow V M A , Adrianton  , Abram P H , Simatupang E A 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In previous studies, there has been investigation about the levels of macro and microelements in liquid organic fertilizer and solid organic fertilizer made from Tilapia fish waste, indicated that the required standard of fertilizer could be met. Therefore, this research aims to study the application of Liquid Organic Fertilizer (LOF) and Solid Organic Fertilizer (SOF) from Tilapia fish waste to Central Sulawesi superior Jackfruit plants from Tulo and Beka areas. The factorial Block Random Design with two factors was used to analyze the growth of two kinds of Jackfruit plants and two kinds of fertilizer, with three times replications. The observation method was non-destructive measurement by using several parameters of growing plant standard. The result shows that all parameters measured among the combination of two kinds of Jackfruits, two kinds of fertilizers and three replications in terms of plant developing growth were no significant difference. The analyses of nutrient levels in the two kinds of fertilizers met the needs of Jackfruit plants.
Antioxidant activity and total phenolic content of three varieties of Ginger (Zingiber officinale) in decoction and infusion extraction method
Authors: Mahmudati N , Wahyono P , Djunaedi D 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Ginger is one of the plants that is rich with phenolic compounds. This research was aimed at determination of the total phenolic content and antioxidant activity in the rhizome of ginger. However, there is only few information available about the comparison of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity in the three varieties of ginger. This research employs a descriptive quantitative research using extracted dried gingers on two types of extraction processes, i.e. infusion and decoction. The phenolic compound analysis is conducted by using the Folin-C method, while antioxidant activity was conducted by using DPPH and measured by using Spectrophotometer. Based on ANOVA test result, the highest phenolic was red ginger 12.2533 mg GAE/g (infusion) and 22.9767 mg GAE/g (decoction) followed by emprit and elephant ginger. The highest antioxidant activity by infusion process was found in red ginger of 79.83 % followed by 70.43 % and 61.70% in emprit ginger and elephant ginger. Conversely, the highest antioxidant activity by decoction was found 78.76 % in emprit ginger, followed by 70.56 % and 60.93% for red ginger and elephant ginger. Ginger have sufficient antioxidant activity on extraction by infusion or decoction and the red ginger have a higher phenolic content.
Feasibility study on the utilization of mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla King) wood as a raw material in the bio-oil production
Authors: Kadarwati S , Qurrochman T , Kurniawan C , Jumaeri  , Kasmui  
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The liquid fuels from biomass produced through fast pyrolysis is very promising due to their high energy density and carbon neutral properties. Therefore, the pyrolysis of Indonesian mahogany wood at various temperatures (450-600°C) was carried out in this study. A fixed-bed reactor was used in the pyrolysis experiments. The produced bio-oil, bio-char, and gaseous product were recovered and quantified. This study showed that the higher the temperature, the higher the yield of the bio-oil (39.40 wt% at 550°C). However, the pyrolysis at a temperature higher than 550°C produced a lower yield of bio-oil, possibly due to severe cracking resulting in more gaseous products. The produced bio-oils showed good characteristics, i.e. density of c.a. 1,17 g/mL, viscosity of 3.93-5.67 poise, total acid number of 0.66-0.79 mg-KOH/g, and calorific value of 16-18 MJ/kg. The water and volatile (acetic acid, furfural, phenol, and stearic acid) contents of the produced bio-oils were also quantified by using a gas chromatograph. The bio-oils with a low water content (13.46-15.90 wt%) and volatiles (0.1-2.9 wt%) were obtained, indicating high energy density and production of heavy molecules, respectively. The high acid number was likely from the heavy acids that could not be detected by the gas chromatograph.
Synthesis of volcanic ash-based geopolymer with calcium oxide (CaO) addition for building material application
Authors: Kusumastuti E , Ariati F I , Atmaja L 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Volcanic ash is a natural pozzolanic material with high mol ratio SiO2/Al2O3 but low in CaO. This research aims to study the volcanic ash geopolymer characteristics related to CaO addition. Geopolymers are prepared by mixing volcanic ash, alkali activator solution, sodium silicate, and calcium oxide. Calcium oxide added varies 5–135 g with each interval is 5 g in Solid/Liquid (S/L=1.83) ratio. Geopolymer characteristics investigated include setting time, compressive strength, resistance to sulfuric acid and mineral phase. The results showed that the more CaO was added, the shorter the setting time and the greater the compressive strength until it reached optimum. The amount of optimum CaO that added is 30 g, with the setting time 2.61 hours and the compressive strength 36.26 MP better than the volcanic ash geopolymer without CaO as 103 hours in setting time and 20.34 in compressive strength. Volcanic ash-based geopolymer at the optimum CaO addition proved to be better than cement mortar, which has a shorter setting time, greater compressive strength and greater resistance to sulfuric acid. Mineral phase analysis by XRD shows that the optimum geopolymer containing an amorphous phase with a major mineral is quartz and sodalite.
Proximate analysis of soybean and red beans cookies according to the Indonesian National Standard
Authors: Eden W T , Rumambarsari C O 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Proximate analysis is a chemical analysis method to identify the food content of an ingredient. The proximate analysis component (protein, ash, fat, water and carbohydrate) correlate with the nutrition value of food. Many kinds of cookies were sold in the market but the data of proximate analysis results related with food quality is scarce. Three samples of cookies (one sample of soybean cookies and two of red bean cookies) that are available in Indonesian market were assessed in this study. Soybean cookie (sample no.387) was in accordance with Indonesian National Standard (INS) in terms of ash content and fat content. Red bean cookies (samples no. 388 and 389) met the INS requirements of protein and fat content. Whereas, all cookies samples were not INS compliant in terms of moisture content and carbohydrate levels (maximum 5% and minimum 70%, respectively).
Catalytic cracking of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastic waste and palm fibre mixtures using Ni-USY zeolite catalyst
Authors: Nazarudin  , Jayanti N , Alfernando O , Prabasari I G , Ulyarti  , Sarip R 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This research was carried out to produce fuel (Oil Liquid Poduct/OLP) from catalytic cracking of a mixture of Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) and fiber waste from palm oil. USY zeolite was previously ion-exchanged by three levels of Ni-metal concentration (1%, 2%, 3%) before used as catalyst in the cacking process. The catalytic cracking was carried out at rasio of sample to catalyst was 6:1, three levels of temperature (400°C, 425°C and 450°C) and three levels of reaction time (10, 20 and 30 minutes).The SEM images and EDX spectra of Ni-USY zeolite catalysts showed that all catalysts were in crystalline form of FAU framework. The highest of OLP percentage, 24.5%, was produced by catalytic cracking at 450°C for 10 minutes using Ni-USY prepared by ion-exchange using 2% concentration of Nickel Nitrate solution.
Polymeric and non-polymeric nanofiber of Cinnamaldehyde from Cinnamon oil (Cinnamomum zeylanicum)
Authors: Moreta S , Cahyono E , Affandi N D N , Fadil F , Kurniawan C 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Encapsulation of cinnamaldehyde within polymeric and non-polymeric-based nanofiber matrix was investigated. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) was used as a polymeric matrix, and β-cyclodextrin (CD) was used as a non-polymeric matrix. The study is aimed to purify cinnamaldehyde from cinnamon oil and to encapsulate it within the nanofibers matrix. The purification step was carried out using spinning band distillation. On the other hand, the nanofibers were prepared through electrospinning. Three different formula were made, namely PVA/cinnamaldehyde, PVA/β-CD/cinnamaldehyde 5% and PVA/β-CD/cinnamaldehyde 10%. The yield of isolated cinnamon oil was 0.26% with 88.90% cinnamaldehyde purity in fraction III tested using GC and GC-MS. In advanced, the SEM images indicate that the average diameter of the bare nanofiber matrix was 75 nm. The diameter was decreased in the presence of cinnamon oils in all samples (range 50-65 nm). The inclusion complex formation was confirmed from FTIR data in the presence of a band at 1700 cm-1 that indicate the presence of the aldehyde group in both polymeric and non-polymeric nanofibers matrix.
Problem solving skills improvement and the impact on students’ learning outcomes: learning based e-project
Authors: Harefa N , Purba L S L 
Published: July 2020

AbstractProblem solving skills have important role on process science skills. These skills are part of 21stcentury priority skills in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the impact of learning based e-project on problem solving skills. This study employed methods a nonequivalent control group design. The subject of this research are students’ of class XI MIPA 1 as class of experiment 1 and XI MIPA 2 as class of experiment 2 of SMA Yadika 9 Bintara, Bekasi, West Java with purposive sampling technique. Experiment class received treatment used e-project based learning. Experiment classes are giving the e-project to improve problem solving skills and control classes are learned conventionally. Data was collected through pretest and posttest results from students’ in both classes. A t-test was used and it is found that level of significance is 0.006 (sig. < 0.05) proving that e-project based learning is effective to improve students’ problem solving skills.
The effectiveness of nature-based practicum worksheet on acid-base titration material towards students’ science process skills
Authors: Nuswowati M , Azzahra A , Purwanti E 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The study aimed to find out the eligibility, effectiveness, and practicality of Nature-Based Student Practicum Worksheet on Acid-Base Titration towards students’ Science Process Skills. Research and Development method was used in this study. The research was conducted at SMAN 1 Kendal. The result of the validation assessment showed that the developed worksheet was eligible, with an average score, given by the validators, was 89.58% for its materials and 90.28% for its media. The analysis result of the students’ science process skills in performing practicum activities showed that 60 students reached a “very good” category and 9 students reached a “good” category; and the result of evaluation test revealed that 62 out of 69 students passed the minimum passing criteria (≥75). The reliability of the questionnaire for the students’ responses was also tested; and it was revealed that its reliability was 0.89. According to the validation stage, the test results on a small and a large scale showed that the nature-based practicum worksheet on acid-base titration material towards students’ science process skills was eligible, effective, and practical to be implemented.
Skills to argue: using argument-based learning (AbL) and socio-scientific issues to promote university students’ argumentation skills in chemistry
Authors: Effendi-Hasibuan MH , Bakar A , Harizon  
Published: July 2020

AbstractSkills in making scientific argumentations are crucial for students to understand science concepts. This study had used an argument-based learning (AbL) adopting Toulmin’s Argumentation Pattern (TAP) and socio-scientific issues about heavy metals to promote the argumentation skills of the Indonesian university chemistry students. The effect of AbL in promoting the skills had been compared to Jigsaw and two-stay-two-stray (TSTS) learning that had been used in an earlier study. Data were collected using open-ended tests and observations. Quantitative and qualitative methods were employed to analyze the data. The results showed that the argumentation scale of the AbL-students was better than and significantly-different from the argumentation scale of those in the other classes (Tukey-test;p<.05). Distinct opportunities the students had in each class to use the TAP was the factor that produced the scale differences. The results recommend the importance of involving students in a learning that mostly promotes argumentation activities-like the AbL-to develop the students’ argumentation skills in science.
Assessing secondary level students’ critical thinking skills: inspiring environmental education for achieving sustainable development goals
Authors: Uddin M R , Shimizu K , Widiyatmoko A 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The study intends to measure secondary level students’ critical thinking skills. This study follows a survey method and is a part of a doctoral dissertation focusing on promoting critical thinking skills of environmental education for achieving sustainable development goals (SDGs). The data were collected by using the Critical Thinking Skills test on Environmental Education (CTSEE) comprises of 27 items. The participants were the 8th grade students (N=444) from 13 secondary schools that cover four administrative districts of Bangladesh. The Instrument was adopted from previous research that consists of three aspects (Conclusion, Inference, and Identifying Bias) of critical thinking skills. The result shows that the students’ critical thinking skills on environmental issues can be categorized into the poor and very poor category, and there are statistically significant differences between male and female students. The study will be used as the reference for developing students’ critical thinking skills about the surrounding environment-related problem in line with achieving the globally decided environmental sustainability as well as sustainable development goals.
Scientific creativity: a literature review
Authors: Wiyanto  , Saptono S , Hidayah I 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Much research has been done on creativity and the results can be easily found in journals, however, research on scientific creativity as a domain-specific creativity is still relatively rare. Therefore, it is necessary to study the literature to reveal the scope of research on the topic of scientific creativity. To achieve this aim, a literature review was carried out with the procedure adopted from the PRISMA statement. A total of 49 articles obtained from the IJSE, DOAJ, ERIC, IOP Science, ScienceDirect, and Springer Link websites, in the 2001-2019 period, were analyzed. The results showed that the three journals that published the most scientific creativity articles were JEP, IJSE, and CRJ. And, the three countries with the most contributing authors were Turkey, Indonesia, and Taiwan. Except for one critical review article, the research types of all articles analyzed were an empirical study, which consisted of at least five sub-topics of scientific creativity.