bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sponge Basin Characteristics of the Original Ecosystem in Ziquejie Terraces and its Adaptive Water Supply and Demand Balance Mechanism
Authors: Guiyuan Li , Xingyi Xu , Chunyan Hu 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Based on the analysis of the observation results of rainfall and runoff and hydrogeological exploration in the Ziquejie terraces, the concept of “equal slope underground sponge reservoir” in the terraces is proposed. Compared with the ordinary linear storage and drainage process of groundwater in the basin, the “equal slope underground sponge reservoir” has a very significant characteristic of “sponge basin” which can adjust peak and relieve dry and prolong the outflow time. The calculation formula of non-linear outflow of underground water in the “sponge basin” is given. The characteristics of this “sponge basin” and its non-linear outflow principle and the coupling relationship among irrigation, water supply and drainage of ancient terraces are demonstrated. An adaptive balance model of water supply and demand in the original ecosystem of ancient terraces is established. The model is applied to simulate a long series of water supply and demand balance in the original ecosystem of the ancient terraced field, and the check results are highly consistent with the Historical Drought Resistance records of the ancient terraced field. It is proved that the principle of non-linear groundwater outflow in sponge basin and its calculation formula are correct and practical. The research results have important guiding significance for the development, utilization and protection of other ancient terraces, and also have important reference value for the development of sloping farmland.
Numerical analysis of bearing characteristics of composite foundation with variable diameter rigid pile
Authors: Wei Liu , Zhao Zhonghua 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Variable diameter rigid pile composite foundation are proposed for the multi-layer foundation. The bearing characteristics of composite foundation with variable diameter rigid pile under vertical load are numerically calculated and analysed. The research content of this paper focuses on the variation law of load and settlement of composite foundation, pile axial force, pile lateral friction resistance and distribution law of soil internal force between piles under different diameter ratios etc. The results showed that Variable diameter of rigid pile composite foundation can effectively improve bearing capacity and control settlement and reduce the stress level of soil; negative skin friction section at the top of pile decreases with variable diameter ratio D/d increases, Zero skin friction section in diameter produced and increases with variable diameter ratio D/d increases; Optimal diameter ratio of pile in the variable diameter rigid pile composite foundation should be at about 1.75.
A Prediction Model for Local Scour Depth around Piers Based on Machine Learning
Authors: Dong Haiyang , Chen Fanjun , Zhou Hanyu , Guo Cong , Sun Zhilin 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
A prediction model for the local scouring depth at bridge piers is built using machine learning. Measured data which is collected from laboratory tests and field observation is used to train the predicting model which is verified by the measured data of Hangzhou Bay Bridge. The result shows that the predicted value of the local scouring depth at piers obtained by the machine learning model is in good agreement with the measured ones, which is more suitable than existing general formula. The machine learning method is effective in predicting the local scour depth at bridge piers.
Research on the Method of Measuring the Elevation of Bored Pile Head by Pressure
Authors: Liu Xiaoling , Du Peng , Peng Shuai , Fu Lianhong , Chang Qiang 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The detection of pile top elevation is a key link of pile quality control. Based on the jacking principle, this paper analyzes the shortcomings of the existing measurement methods, innovatively introduces the pore pressure to consider the influence of the change of slurry level, effectively proposes an improved pressure detection method, and designs a pressure detection device. The device is simple and easy to operate, which can provide reference for the field research on the elevation of the top of bored pile.
Study on Creep Failure of Powder Metallurgy
Authors: Zhang WX , Yang LM 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Based on the damage theory of Kachanov-Rabotnov, this paper studies the metallurgical materials with inclusions by numerical calculation. The results suggest that the creep failure theory is suitable for the analysis of the fatigue creep interaction behavior of powder metallurgy, and the creep failure is obviously related with the number of fatigue cycles.
Study on Damage Law of Multistory and High-rise Steel Frame Structures under Strong Earthquake
Authors: Zou Chuanlong , Chen Yanyan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In order to study the seismic performance of steel frame structures of multistory and high-rise buildings under strong earthquake, six and nine story steel frame structure models are established. In this paper, based on the peak acceleration of frequent earthquakes with 8 degree (0.2g) seismic effect and the finite element calculation of artificial seismic wave, the damage law of multi-storey and high-rise steel frame structures is studied under strong earthquakes, such as Taiwan CHICHI earthquake and the MENDOCINO earthquake in the United States. The results suggest that: under the strong earthquake, the inter-storey drift angle is obviously concentrated when the cross-section size of column and beam changes, so that the rational control of the inter-storey drift angle is conducive to reducing the concentration of structural damage.
Research on the Creation of Vibrant Public Space Suitable for People of all Ages in the Residential Block Based on Superposition Analysis of Behaviour Track——Examination of North Street of Sisheng Ancestral Temple in Chengdu City as an Example
Authors: Zhang Chengyan , Ma Qing , Zhang Lingqing 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
As the dynamic carrier of different age groups, block public space is closely related to its space. This study takes the public space of the north street block of Sisheng ancestral temple as the research object. Through the field research of space observation, behaviour tracking and interviews of people of all ages, this paper studies the public space composition and characteristics of the north street block of Sisheng ancestral temple, analyzes the behaviour types and characteristics of different age groups, extracts the space elements, further analyzes the degree between space and behaviour correlation. On this basis, according to the space use needs of people of all ages, this paper puts forward strategies for creating vitality of public space for people of mixed ages in the residential blocks.
Corrosion Behavior and Evaluation of Modified Silicate Composite Grounding Material in Soil
Authors: Li Wenjie , Meng Lingjian , Tang Jipeng , Liu Rui 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In view of the problems of metal grounding material, including non-corrosion resistance, poor combination with soil, easy to steal and so on, a kind of composite grounding material with the modified silicate cladded carbon steel is developed, which takes the corrosion resistance of modified silicate material and the good conductivity of metal into account. By simulating the corrosion tests in the environments with different pH value, the results show that in the soil with different pH value, the modified silicate can protect the carbon steel well, and its anti-corrosion effect is better than that of the galvanized steel; in the soil with pH = 5, its anti-corrosion effect is better than that of copper; in the soil with pH = 9, its anti-corrosion effect is better than that of copper plated steel. The modified silicate composite grounding material has obvious corrosion resistance in both acid and alkaline soil.
Effects of Oxygation on Super Rice under Different Irrigation and Drainage Management Modes in Rice Field
Authors: Li Gui-yuan , Chen Xiang , Xu Xing-yi , Zhang Yong , Hu Chun-yan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The management mode of irrigation and drainage in field during the growth period of super rice will directly affect its growth trend, yield and water consumption. Increasing the oxygen content of irrigation water will help to promote the growth of rice and increase the yield. To understand the effect of oxygation on growth and yield of super rice, 7 irrigation and drainage management modes were designed and carried out in the super hydrid early rice field during the whole growth period by using oxygation and non-oxygation, so as to find a better management mode under different conditions. The results showed that the oxygation with the same irrigation in field had a significant effect on promoting the growth and increasing the yield of rice compared with that non-oxygation. However, the results of increasing the yield of rice by oxygation were very different among the modes. Under the oxygation condition, the Drought-tolerant II had the best growth trend and yield increase, and the irrigation water quantity was in the middle level, which had better water conservation and drainage reduction effect compared with the conventional mode. The Drought-tolerant II is “controlled irrigation and storage” mode, which is moderate water shortage controls irrigation and moderate rain storage controls drainage. The moderate water shortage controls irrigation mean that the soil moisture content is lower than 70% of the saturated water capacity as the irrigation control parameter during the drought in rice field. The moderate rain storage controls drainage the maximum rain storage depth of 200 mm as the field drainage control parameter during the rain in rice field. The results indicated that the Drought-tolerant II is a relatively optimal irrigation and drainage management method for rice field in southern China.
Grouting Construction Technology in Anti-seepage Treatment of Reservoir
Authors: Tao Zhang 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
At the current stage, with the rapid development of society, it has also driven the rapid development of reservoir dams. Many reservoir dams now need to use multiple anti-seepage technologies to strengthen and remove dangers. Different methods have different advantages, which are more applicable to different dam functions or geological conditions. When carrying out the danger-reinforcement and reinforcement, the best anti-seepage treatment technology is selected through different situations, so as to achieve the best quality of the reservoir danger-reinforcement and reinforcement project. In view of this, this article has carried out a detailed discussion on the grouting and anti-seepage treatment technology in the reservoir’s danger-reinforcing and reinforcement construction, in order to provide a more intuitive reference for the industry and make contributions to the development of reservoir dams in the future.
Fracture study of piezoelectric materials: a brief state of the art
Authors: Liu S.M. , Zhang H.H. , Han S.Y. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Piezoelectric materials are intelligent materials which can realize the mutual conversion of mechanical and electrical energy and have been widely used in many fields. Due to their brittleness, these materials are prone to cracking under external loadings. In this work, a brief overview of the current states on the fracture of piezoelectric materials is presented from experimental, theoretical and computational aspects, and then some future work is suggested.
Experimental Study on Physical Excitation of Cementation Activity of Lead-zinc Smelting Slag
Authors: Xin Li , Li-jie Guo , Wen-chen Li 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In recent years, it is a hot research direction to improve the internal structure and properties of smelting slag by physical grinding and to prepare filling cementitious materials suitable for mining. The paper starts from the test of physical and chemical properties of the smelting slag of a lead-zinc mine, the relationship between the density and specific surface area of lead-zinc smelting slag and the different grinding time was obtained by analyzing the chemical elements of the smelting slag filled with lead-zinc, the density and specific surface area of the smelting slag with different grinding time, and the potential gelling activity of lead-zinc smelting slag were effectively evaluated. It provides a theoretical basis for lead-zinc smelting slag as a new filling material for mines.
Finite Element Damping Simulation of Viscous Damper for Simply Supported Beam Vibration Mitigation
Authors: Bai Bing , Guo Jing 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Aiming at the issue of vibration mitigation of viscous damper, the FE simulation of the velocity dependent damper is studied. Based on the analysis of composition and mechanical performance of the damper, the key equation and parameters are identified and analyzed firstly. Thus according to the software regulations, two different element types COMBIN14 and COMBIN37 are selected to verify their damping characteristics. Adopting the commonly used simply supported beam as investigation object, the FE model is established and compared. Results show that COMBIN14 can only simulate the behavior of linear damper, while COMBIN37 has the capacity of simulating nonlinear damper. The related force-velocity equation and parameters can be achieved indirectly by modifying the element settings. And the damping effect with the change of different parameters is discussed. The results show that the attenuation effect of vibration has a positive correlation with damping coefficient C and a negative correlation with exponent α in a certain range.
Dynamic Buckling of Elastic Cylindrical Shell under Axial Impact Load
Authors: Zhang WX , Yang LM 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In this paper, the original and dual variables for the dynamic buckling of elastic cylindrical shell under the axial impact load are constructed by means of the energy of the system, and the Hamiltonian system of the system is established. In symplectic geometry space, the critical buckling loads and buckling modes of cylindrical shells are reduced to symplectic eigenvalues and eigensolutions.
Symplectic Solutions for Functionally Gradient Materials
Authors: Zhang WX , Yang LM 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In this paper, a new symplectic method for quasi-static functionally gradient material is proposed. By using the method of separating variables, the governing equations and the complete eigensolution space under symplectic system are established. In addition, the methods of variable substitution and eigenvector expansion are used to deal with the boundary conditions.
COMPARISON of Chinese and Foreign Specifications on Bending Behavior of Z-Purlins under Wind Uplift Load
Authors: Huang Rui , Luan Wei 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
It is very difficult to calculate the bending bearing capacity of cold-formed purlins under wind uplift load precisely. The design requirements, which are different in Chinese and foreign specifications, such as GB 50018, CECS 102, EN 1993-1-3, AISI S100 and AS/NZS 4600, are summarized comprehensively. The differences of design methods, calculation models and considerations on restraint effects of lightweight steel roof systems among these specifications are also discussed. The bending bearing capacity of 18 rows of commonly used Z-purlins calculated according to these specifications is analyzed. The analysis shows that for purlins without sag-rod, the calculation results of GB50018 are conservative because the beneficial effects of restraint from lightweight steel roof systems are neglected. For purlins with two rows of sag-rods per span, the calculation results of GB50018 are nearly 20% greater than that of EC3, and the results of AS/NZS are the largest.
The Mechanical Properties of Planting Concrete
Authors: Huang Yamei , Wang Lihua , Li Zhaoheng 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Planting concrete has been widely used in river revetment engineering for its revetment stability, erosion resistance, landscape suitability and the ecological function. In this paper, the influences of water-cement ratio, cement content, aggregate size and curing period on the mechanical properties, apparent density and porosity of planting concrete were studied. Under the optimal water-cement ratio, the compressive strength, flexural strength and apparent density of planting concrete increase linearly with the increase of cement content, while the porosity decreases linearly. The compressive strength, flexural strength and porosity decrease linearly with the increase of aggregate size, while the apparent density increases linearly. The mechanical properties improve with the increase of curing period.
Effect of Al content on the hot deformation behavior and microstructure evolution of TiAl-6(Cr, Nb, Ta) alloy
Authors: Liu Hongwu , Gao Fan , Feng Xiangzheng , Li Zhenxi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The effect of Al content on the hot deformation behavior and microstructure evolution of TiAl-6 (Cr, Nb, Ta) alloy was studied by hot compression tests. The results show that when the alloy presented a low Al content, it contained a greater percentage of β + γ mixed structure at the grain boundary, and a finer lamellar colony size. Under the same deformation conditions, a reduction in Al content lead to a reduction in flow stress, but the hot deformation activation energy Q increased from 540 kJ mol−1 to 617 kJ mol−1. The increase of the β + γ mixed structure at the grain boundary promoted the rotation of the lamellar colony, thereby inhibiting the lamellar twisting process, and also reducing the dynamic recrystallization volume fraction. Reducing the strain rate and increasing the amount of strain can increase the dynamic recrystallization volume fraction of the alloys. When extruded at 1150 °C with an extrusion ratio of 10:1, both alloys containing Al presented a completely recrystallized structure.
Surprise!
Authors: Cole Stephen R , Edwards Jessie K , Greenland Sander 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Measures of information and surprise, such as the Shannon information value (S value), quantify the signal present in a stream of noisy data. We illustrate the use of such information measures in the context of interpreting P values as compatibility indices. S values help communicate the limited information supplied by conventional statistics and cast a critical light on cutoffs used to judge and construct those statistics. Misinterpretations of statistics may be reduced by interpreting P values and interval estimates using compatibility concepts and S values instead of “significance” and “confidence.”
Layer-Specific Inhibitory Microcircuits of Layer 6 Interneurons in Rat Prefrontal Cortex
Authors: Ding Chao , Emmenegger Vishalini , Schaffrath Kim , Feldmeyer Dirk 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
GABAergic interneurons in different cortical areas play important roles in diverse higher-order cognitive functions. The heterogeneity of interneurons is well characterized in different sensory cortices, in particular in primary somatosensory and visual cortex. However, the structural and functional properties of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) interneurons have received less attention. In this study, a cluster analysis based on axonal projection patterns revealed four distinct clusters of L6 interneurons in rat mPFC: Cluster 1 interneurons showed axonal projections similar to Martinotti-like cells extending to layer 1, cluster 2 displayed translaminar projections mostly to layer 5, and cluster 3 interneuron axons were confined to the layer 6, whereas those of cluster 4 interneurons extend also into the white matter. Correlations were found between neuron location and axonal distribution in all clusters. Moreover, all cluster 1 L6 interneurons showed a monotonically adapting firing pattern with an initial high-frequency burst. All cluster 2 interneurons were fast-spiking, while neurons in cluster 3 and 4 showed heterogeneous firing patterns. Our data suggest that L6 interneurons that have distinct morphological and physiological characteristics are likely to innervate different targets in mPFC and thus play differential roles in the L6 microcircuitry and in mPFC-associated functions.
Rapid Emergence of SARS-CoV-2 in the Greater New York Metropolitan Area: Geolocation, Demographics, Positivity Rates, and Hospitalization for 46 793 Persons Tested by Northwell Health
Authors: Reichberg Samuel B , Mitra Partha P , Haghamad Aya , Ramrattan Girish , Crawford James M ,   Northwell COVID-19 Research Consortium, Berry Gregory J , Davidson Karina W , Drach Alex , Duong Scott , Juretschko Stefan , Maria Naomi I , Yang Yihe , Ziemba Yonah C 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Background
In March 2020, the greater New York metropolitan area became an epicenter for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. The initial evolution of case incidence has not been well characterized.

Methods
Northwell Health Laboratories tested 46 793 persons for SARS-CoV-2 from 4 March through 10 April. The primary outcome measure was a positive reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction test for SARS-CoV-2. The secondary outcomes included patient age, sex, and race, if stated; dates the specimen was obtained and the test result; clinical practice site sources; geolocation of patient residence; and hospitalization.

Results
From 8 March through 10 April, a total of 26 735 of 46 793 persons (57.1%) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. Males of each race were disproportionally more affected than females above age 25, with a progressive male predominance as age increased. Of the positive persons, 7292 were hospitalized directly upon presentation; an additional 882 persons tested positive in an ambulatory setting before subsequent hospitalization, a median of 4.8 days later. Total hospitalization rate was thus 8174 persons (30.6% of positive persons). There was a broad range (&gt;10-fold) in the cumulative number of positive cases across individual zip codes following documented first caseincidence. Test positivity was greater for persons living in zip codes with lower annual household income.

Conclusions
Our data reveal that SARS-CoV-2 incidence emerged rapidly and almost simultaneously across a broad demographic population in the region. These findings support the premise that SARS-CoV-2 infection was widely distributed prior to virus testing availability.