bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation Analysis of Stem Hardness Traits with Fiber and Yield Related Traits in Core Collections of Gossypium hirsutum
Authors: Raza Irum , Hu Dao-Wu , Ahmad Adeel , Li Hongge , He Shou-Pu , Nazir Mian Faisal , Wang Xiao-Yang , Jia Yin-Hua , Pan Zhao-e , Zhang Peng , Yasir Muhammad , Iqbal Muhammad Shahid , Geng Xiao-Li , Wang Li-Ru , Pang Bao-Yin , Du Xiong-Ming 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background Stem hardness is one of the major influencing factors for plant architecture in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Evaluating hardness phenotypic traits is very important for the selection elite lines for resistant to lodging in Gossypium hirsutum L. Cotton breeder are interested in using diverse genotypes to enhance fibre quality and high- yield. The research for hardness and its relation with fiber quality and yield were very few. This study was designed to find the relationship of stem hardness traits with fiber quality and yield contributing traits of upland cotton. Results Experiments were carried out to measure the bending, acupuncture and compression properties of stem from a collection of upland cotton genotypes, comprising 237 accessions. The results showed that the genotypic difference in stem hardness were highly significant among the genotypes, and the stem hardness traits (BL, BU, AL, AU, CL and CU) have a positive association with fiber quality traits and yield related traits. In descriptive statistics result bending (BL, BU) have maximum coefficient of variance and trait fiber length and fiber strength have less coefficient of variance among the genotypes. Principal component analysis (PCA) reduced quantitative characters into nine principal components. The first nine principal components (PC) with Eigen values >1 explained 0.86% of variation among 237 accessions of cotton crop. Both 2017& 2018, PCA results indicated that BL, BU, FL, FE and LI variables contributed their variability in PC1 and BU, AU, CU, FD, LP and FWPB have shown their variability in PC2. Conclusion We describe here, to the best of our knowledge, the systematic study of the mechanism involved in the regulation of enhancing fiber quality and yield by stem bending strength, acupuncture and compression properties of Gossypium hirsutum crop.
Differentiating coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) from influenza and dengue
Authors: Thein Tun-Linn , Ang Li Wei , Young Barnaby Edward , Chen Mark IC , Leo Yee-Sin , Lye David Chien 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) presents with non-specific clinical features. This may result in misdiagnosis or delayed diagnosis, and lead to further transmission in the community. We aimed to derive early predictors to differentiate COVID-19 from influenza and dengue.Methods: The study comprised 126 patients with COVID-19, 171 with influenza and 180 with dengue, who presented within 5 days of symptom onset. All cases were confirmed by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction tests. We used logistic regression models to identify clinical characteristics and laboratory markers in classifying COVID-19 versus influenza, and COVID-19 versus dengue. The performance of the models were evaluated using receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC).Results: Shortness of breath was the strongest predictor in the models for differentiating between COVID-19 and influenza, followed by diarrhoea. Higher lymphocyte count was predictive of COVID-19 versus influenza and versus dengue. In the model for differentiating between COVID-19 and dengue, patients with cough and higher platelet count were at increased odds of COVID-19, while headache, joint pain, skin rash and vomiting/nausea were indicative of dengue. The area under the ROC was 0.92 for flu model and 0.99 for dengue model.Conclusion: Models based on clinical features and simple laboratory markers for differentiating COVID-19 from influenza and dengue, which possess good predictive performance, can serve as a useful tool for primary care physicians to determine if further investigations or referrals would be required.
Two-stage anaerobic process benefits removal for azo dye Orange II with starch as primary co-substrate
Authors: Huang Jingang , Shi Binfang , Yin Zhenjiang , Guo Kangyin , Fu Chen , Tang Junhong 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Two-stage anaerobic system (S1: R1 (acidogenic phase) + R2 (methanogenic phase)) and the one-stage control (S0) were established to investigate the effect of phase separation on the removal of an azo dye orange II, i.e., Acid Orange 7 (AO7), with starch as the primary co-substrate. Although final AO7 removal from two systems showed no statistical differences, the first-order rate constants for AO7 removal (kAO7­) and sulfanilic acid (SA) formation (kSA) were higher in S1. Kinetic analysis showed that kAO7­ and kSA in S1 were 2.7-fold and 1.7-fold of those in S0, respectively, indicating the benefit of phase separation to the AO7 reduction. However, this benefit only appeared in the period with influent AO7 concentrations higher than 2.14 mM. Otherwise, this advantage would be hidden due to the longer HRT (5 d) and sufficient electron donor (1.0 g starch L−1). Within S1, R1 only contributed about 10% of the entire AO7 removal, and kAO7­ in R1 (0.172 h−1) was much lower than in R2 (0.503 h−1). The methanogenic phase rather than acidogenic phase was the main contribution to AO7 removal, because the influent of R2 had more available electron donors and suitable pH condition (pH 6.5–7.0) for the bio-reduction process.
Determination of Temporal Association Rules Pattern Using Apriori Algorithm
Authors: Bilqisth Shona Chayy , Mustofa Khabib 
Published: June 2020

A supermarket must have good business plan in order to meet customer desires. One way that can be done to meet customer desires is to find out the pattern of shopping purchases resulting from processing sales transaction data. Data processing produces information related to the function of the association between items of goods temporarily. Association rules functions in data mining.Association rule is one of the data mining techniques used to find patterns in combination of transaction data. Apriori algorithm can be used to find association rules. Apriori algorithm is used to find frequent itemset candidates who meet the support count. Frequent itemset that meets the support count is then processed using the temporal association rules method. The function of temporal association rules is as a time limitation in displaying the results of frequent itemsets and association rules. This study aims to produce rules from transaction data, apriori algorithm is used to form temporal association rules. The final results of this research are strong rules, they are rules that always appear in 3 years at certain time intervals with limitation on support and confidence, so that the rules can be used for business plan layout recommendations in Maharani Supermarket Demak.
Review on Hair Problem and its Solution
Authors: Lanjewar Ameya , Maurya Soni , Sharma Devender , Gaur Anchal 
Published: June 2020

Hair is simple in structure. Hair is formed of an extreme protein called Keratin. Cleanser may be a hair care item, ordinarily as a gooey fluid, that's utilized for cleaning hair. the problems related with it incorporates male pattern baldness, raucous hair, absence of hair volume, molding, youthful turning gray, dandruff, diminishing of hair, bluntness then on. Male pattern baldness are often caused due to various reasons, for instance , hereditary propensities, ecological triggers and presentation to synthetic compounds, medications, healthful inadequacy, outrageous pressure or long ailment then on. Gentle dandruff can for the foremost part be settled by washing the hair a day with a mellow cleanser hair. Sedated hostile to dandruff cleanser clean both the hair and scalp and leave the hair reasonable, not bother sebaceous organs. It contains an enemy of microbial to forestall development of expanded occurrence of microorganisms. Dynamic material ought not sharpen the scalp and diminish the extent of tingling and scaling. the most objective of article give idea about hairs problem, the way to solve these problems with cost effectiveness and also help to pick the which sort of treatment with selective dosage form preparation as per hairs problem by researcher for society.
Keywords Antidandruff, Surfactants, Shampoo, Scalps
Liquisolid Technology: Preparation, Characterization and Applications
Authors: Gorle Ashish Prakash , Chopade Shubham Sunil 
Published: June 2020

With the advent of high throughput screening, drugs are emerging to be more lipophilic and less hydrophilic. Liquisolid Technology aims at solubility enhancement of such entities via cosolvency concept in a relatively minimalistic setup where there is no need of sophisticated machinery and is cost effective. It involves constituting a drug into molecular dispersion via a non-volatile solvent and then transforming it into a dry looking, free flowing compressible powder. This article aims at mapping Liquisolid Technology where its preparation techniques and potential applications are reviewed. An overview of the performance of Liquisolid in areas of dissolution enhancement, zero order release, photostability enhancement, liquipellets and its role in natural product formulations is recorded for a number of drugs.
Keywords: Liquisolid, Dissolution Enhancement, Flowability, Compressibility, Cosolvency
Formulation and Evaluation of Fusidic Acid Emulgel
Authors: Srivastava Ankita , Desai Sharav , Jain Hitesh , Meshram D.B. 
Published: June 2020

Emulgel have emerged as one of the most interesting topical delivery system as it has dual control release system i.e gel and emulsion. Topical applications of drug offers many advantages for delivering drug directly to the site of action and deliver the drug for extended period of time at effected site. The major objective behind this formulation is to enhance topical delivery of hydrophobic drug (Fusidic acid) by formulating Fusidic acid emulgel by using carbopol 934 as gelling agent. In addition light liquid paraffin as oil, span 20 as emulsifier and propylene glycol as co-surfactant were selected for the preparation of emulgel. Fusidic acid is steroidal bacteriostatic agent produced from Fusidium coccineum fungus belongs to class of steroids but has no corticosteroids effect and which is useful for the treatment of number of infections. Fusidic acid binds to protein and ribosomes and inhibits bacterial protein synthesis. The prepared emulgel were evaluated for their physical appearance, pH determination, viscosity, spreadability, in-vitro drug release, antimicrobial activity, skin irritation study and stability. All the prepared emulgel showed acceptable physical properties. The best formulation E9 shows better drug release when compared to all formulation.
Keywords: Emulgel, Carbopol 934, Topical formulation, Antimicrobial activity, optimization, Fusidic acid
Formulation, Characterization and Antihelminthic Activity Testing of Nitazoxanide Superporous Hydrogel Tablets
Authors: Srikala S. Vinaya , Santhi Priya Nagam , Nadendla Rama Rao 
Published: June 2020

In the pharmaceutical field controlled release products have the ability to maintain desired medicament concentration or a longer period of time. Certain drugs are relatively insoluble in water and have high dose requirements that render unsuitable formulation difficulties in sustained release formulations. Nitazoxanide which is a high dose water insoluble antiprotozoal drug was formulated with the aim. To modulate gastro-retentive dosage form based on the superporous hydrogel composites. Foaming technique was used in the preparation of SPH composites. The superporous hydrogels were extremely sensitive to pH of swelling media and good porosity. Superporous hydrogels tablets of nitazoxanide showed good pre-compressional and post-compressional properties. Formulation X is the best formulation containing chitosan, polyvinyl alcohol, formaldehyde, exhibited good swelling ratio. The compatibility studies were performed by Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) Spectroscopic Studies, Differential Scanning Calorimetry Studies (DSC). All formulations were evaluated for stability, drug content, and kinetic drug release & in-vitro drug release profile. It was concluded that the proposed gastro-retention drug delivery provides a different supply of nitazoxanide directly to the stomach.
Keywords: Nitazoxanide, Anti protozoal, foaming technique, Chitosan
A Study on Prescribing Pattern of Antihypertensive in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients
Authors: Thomas Riny , Sam Sini , Neelaphar P , Shabeeb P , Vishwanath B A 
Published: June 2020

Background: Chronic kidney disease causes progressive loss of function which gradually occur overtime leading to decrease in GFR levels leading to dysfunction of renal system. Hypertension is found to be intermingled cause and overlapping complication in CKD. It is important to intervene the progression by controlling the blood pressure to prevent kidney failure by administration of anti-hypertensive. Objectives: To study current trends in anti-hypertensive prescription pattern in CKD patient and to evaluate the concurrent patterns are in adherence according to the guidelines mentioned. Methods: Prospective observational study was undertaken in patients who were satisfying the inclusion criteria and was enrolled into the study conducted for a 6months period in a tertiary care hospital in Bangalore. Results: 150 CKD patients were examined out of which 72% prevalence seen in males compared to females 28%. Dual drug therapy was most preferred combination seen in 48% of the prescriptions. CCB was the most preferred class of drug and least preferred class of drug was ACE. More than 85% deviation from JNC-8 was seen. 20% of mono-therapy was found in adherence to JNC-8. Conclusion: A 15% adherence to JNC-8 guidelines was observed in the treatment indicating need for clinical pharmacist who play vital role in management of CKD by adherence to JNC-8 to ensure safety, efficacy and rationality.
Keywords: Chronic kidney disease, Hypertension, Prescription pattern, JNC-8 guidelines, Compliance, Anti-Hypertensive.
A Study on Prescription Pattern of Multivitamins in Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus in Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Anila A B , Ancy P. Shaji , SREELEKSHMI B S , Mahesh NM , Vishwanath B A 
Published: June 2020

Aim of the study: To study the prescribing pattern of multivitamins in type-2 DM in tertiary care hospitals.
Materials and methods: Human ethical approval was taken from human ethical committee, ABIPER Bangalore. The diabetic patients who satisfied the study criteria were enrolled. The patients data’s were collected in specially designed documentation form. The collected data’s were assessed using descriptive statistics.
Results: The study was conducted in 158 patients in which most prescriptions [72.17%] contains water soluble vitamins+minerals. Multivitamins with or without minerals were prescribed for 90[79.76%] and 30[20.24%] days respectively. Multivitamins [100%] were given orally once a day. For indication fatigue [29.11%], water soluble vitamins+minerals were prescribed mostly. Many DM-2 patients were prescribed with water soluble vitamins+minerals which contain vitaminC and calcium carbonate as main constituents. Some of multivitamins doses were showing compliance as per FDA dose recommendations. Tablet formulation containing fat soluble vitamins+minerals[25.31%] were prescribed mostly.
Conclusions: Mostly water soluble vitamins+minerals were prescribed for DM-2 patients. Multivitamins with or without minerals were prescribed for 90and30 days respectively. All multivitamins were prescribed in oral route. Mostly water soluble vitamins+minerals were prescribed for fatigue illness associated with DM-2 in which vitamin C and calcium carbonate were the main constituents. Some of the prescribed multivitamin doses were within the FDA recommended dose range. Tablet formulations were frequently prescribed with oral anti-diabetic drugs.
Keywords: Multivitamins, Diabetes mellitus, Hypertension, Prescription.
Studies on Antioxidant and Anti-obesity Activity of Salvia hispanica (Chia) Seeds Extracts
Authors: Rubavathi Subbaiyan , Ayyappadasan Ganesan , Sangeetha Nagarajan , Harini Thangavel , Saranya Dhanuskodi , Harshapradha Prakash 
Published: June 2020

Obesity is a condition in which large amount of fat is stored in adipose tissue. Obesity is the greatest risk for many diseases like coronary heart disease, type 2 diabetes millions associated with insulin resistance, arthritis disorder, hypertension and cancers. Currently, the available drugs for obesity have been associated with number of side effects when compared with allopathic drugs. Salvia hispanica was one of the member of Lamiaceae family, collected to study the antiobesity activity. Extraction of Salvia hispanica using different solvents was done and tested for the presence of phytochemical constituents and the antimicrobial activity was monitored to evaluate the zone of inhibition. Further, antioxidant potential activity such as DPPH, FRAP and H2O2 assay was studied. Percentage of inhibition of Salvia hispanica was calculated and was observed as in capturing the free radicals present in the body. The surface and cross-sectional morphology Salvia hispanica extract nanoparticles was examined by using SEM. High ALA content make chia a perfect as it is associated with lower incidence of Cardiovascular diseases. This metabolic syndrome is mediated by inflammatory pathways. Hence, the in vitro activity of anti-inflammatory assay was performed by inhibition of albumin denaturation and anti-obesity activity was performed by lipase inhibition assay. Thus the result indicates that the seed extracts of Salvia hispanica possess antiobesity activity.
Keywords: Salvia hispanica, anti-obesity, cholesterol, Antioxidant, lipase inhibition
Prioritizing Sustainability Issues: Insights from Corporate Managers about Key Decision-Makers, Reporting Models, and Stakeholder Communications
Authors: Johnson Joseph A. , Sutton Steve G. , Theis Jochen C. 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT
Capital constraints require companies to prioritize among the host of sustainability issues to which they can allocate capital. In this study, we investigate the role of three important factors that can affect this prioritization process: key decision-makers, sustainability reporting models, and stakeholder communications. We investigate these factors through the lenses of economic theory (i.e., the shareholder value approach), stakeholder theory, and enlightened stakeholder theory by collecting survey evidence from 104 managers in the resource transformation sector who are involved in or familiar with their company's prioritization process. This study contributes to the literature by providing important insights into companies' internal decision-making processes regarding sustainability issue prioritization.
JEL Classifications: G34; M14; M41.
Data Availability: The data are available from the authors upon request.
Etymologia ja epäsäännöllisyyden haasteet
Authors: Jarva Vesa 
Published: June 2020

Arvoitu teos:
Jeongdo Kim: Hulisemisesta hulinaksi. Onomatopoieettisuuden haalistuminen suomen fonesteemisten substantiivien valossa. Helsinki: Helsingin yliopisto 2019. 266 s. isbn 978-951-51-5432-3. Saatavilla verkossa osoitteessa http://urn.fi/URN:ISBN:ISBN 978-951-51-5433-0.
MACRO-COGNITIVE ANALYSIS OF DESIGN SKILLS FOR SUPPORTING ENGINEERING DESIGN EDUCATION
Authors: Li S. , Gress G. 
Published: June 2020

Macro-cognition is a field of study that investigates how domain experts (e.g., firefighters and weather forecasters) make decisions and judgements for their work. This paper has adapted two models from macro-cognition to better understand design activities. The first one is the Data / Frame model, and it tells how a person’s frame can influence the selection of information in the design process. The second one is the recognition-primed decision (RPD) model, which shows how a design idea emerges with a person’s recognition and mental simulation. Based on these models, we further suggest three intervention strategies (i.e., challenge, relate and demonstrate) to support the processes of sensemaking, recognition and mental simulation. We also suggest two evaluation aspects, i.e., relevance and fluency, to assess design activities.
ENGINEERING TEAM DYNAMICS: CONNECTING FRIENDSHIP NETWORKS AND ACADEMIC TRAJECTORIES
Authors: Cyr Emily N. , Donald John , Bergsieker Hilary B. 
Published: June 2020

Women are under-represented in STEM careers, especially engineering, as women are both less likely to enter engineering majors [1] and more likely to exit prematurely [2]. Women who leave engineering before achieving a career are then often underemployed [3]. We used an integrated research strategy to study how undergraduate classroom experiences might impact these gendered career trajectories, simultaneously modelling intrapersonal cognitions and interpersonal dynamics of students. Specifically, we studied cross-disciplinary engineering undergraduate teams over their first term in university. Importantly, this course was designed to have significant team interaction, and teams were assigned with the intention of reducing gendered barriers to participation and achievement. Our results revealed widespread gender equity (and the few observed inequities tending to shrink over the term). Further, we demonstrate specific intrapersonal and interpersonal factors that are linked to stronger academic trajectories (here operationalized as better final grades). Potential future interventions are also discussed.
Current updates on COVID-19 - A review
Authors: D S Ghotekar , N Kushare Vishal , Ghotekar Sagar V 
Published: June 2020

Coronaviruses are a family of viruses that cause illness such as respiratory diseases or gastrointestinal diseases. Respiratory diseases can range from the common cold to more severe diseases. A novel coronavirus outbreak was first documented in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China in December 2019. The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) a pandemic. A global coordinated effort is needed to stop the further spread of the virus. A novel coronavirus (nCoV) is a new strain that has not been identified in humans previously. Once scientists determine exactly what coronavirus it is, they give it a name (as in the case of COVID-19, the virus causing it is SARS-CoV-2).