bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Description of Emeryus Zacca, Mielke & Casagrande gen. nov. (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) to accommodate three species formerly placed in Paryphthimoides Forster, 1964
Authors: Zacca Thamara , Casagrande Mirna M. , Mielke Olaf H. H. , Huertas Blanca , Barbosa Eduardo P. , Freitas André V. L. , Willmott Keith R. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractA new genus of Euptychiina, Emeryus Zacca, Casagrande & Mielke, gen. nov., is herein described using an integrative taxonomic approach to accommodate three species previously placed in Paryphthimoides Forster, 1964: Emeryus argulus argulus (Godart, [1824]), comb. nov. (type species), Emeryus difficilis (Forster, 1964), comb. nov. and Emeryus numeria (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867), comb. nov. Additionally, a new taxon Emeryus argulus magnum Zacca, Casagrande & Mielke, ssp. nov. from Venezuela (Aragua and Bolívar) and Brazil (Roraima), is described. A neotype is designated for Satyrus argulus Godart, [1824], and lectotypes are designated for Euptychia huebneri Butler, 1867, Euptychia ambigua Butler, 1867 and Neonympha numeria C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867. Female genitalia are described and illustrated for the first time for all of the above taxa. A Maximum Likelihood analysis using combined nuclear and mitochondrial genes supports the monophyly of the new genus. No DNA sequences could be obtained for E. numeria, but its inclusion in the genus is supported by morphological evidence. The genitalic morphology of both sexes of Emeryus species is helpful in distinguishing this genus from the other Euptychiina, although the male genitalia structures are highly conserved among congeners.
Systematics of the Neotropical species of the crabronid wasp genus Psenulus Kohl, 1897 (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae), with a contribution to the worldwide phylogeny of the genus
Authors: Rosa Brunno B , Melo Gabriel A R 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe genus Psenulus Kohl, 1897 is the largest in Pemphredoninae, with about 161 described species. In contrast to several groups of Crabronidae, especially to other Pemphredoninae, Psenulus is underrepresented in the Neotropical region, with only three described species: Psenulus aztecus Bohart & Grissell, 1969, P. improvisus van Lith, 1978 and P. mayorum Bohart & Grissell, 1969. The Neotropical species of Psenulus are revised, and nine new species are described: P. amazonicus sp. nov., P. auropilosus sp. nov., P. brasiliensis sp. nov., P. dispar sp. nov., P. flavipes sp. nov., P. mexicanus sp. nov., P. rafaeli sp. nov., P. silveirai sp. nov. and P. similis sp. nov. We also provide an identification key, descriptions of new species, redescriptions of previously described species, distribution maps and illustrations of external morphology. The first phylogenetic study of the genus Psenulus is based on 23 terminals (4 Psenini outgroup and 19 Psenulus species) and 55 morphological characters. Two monophyletic groups were recovered: a Nearctic + Palearctic clade and a Neotropical clade. Additionally, a closer relationship between the Neotropical clade and the Afrotropical and Oriental species included in this analysis is recognized.
IL‐12p40 gene expression in lung and hilar lymph nodes of MPS‐resistant pigs
Authors: Sakuma Akiko , Sugawara Shizuka , Hidaka Hikaru , Nakajo Mitsuru , Suda Yoshihito , Shimazu Tomoyuki , Rose Michael T. , Urakawa Megumi , Zhuang Tao , Zhao Guoqi , Watanabe Kouichi , Nochi Tomonori , Kitazawa Haruki , Katoh Kazuo , Suzuki Keiichi , Aso Hisashi 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMycoplasma pneumonia of swine (MPS) is caused by Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (M.hp) and is a common chronic respiratory disease of pigs. Recently, a genetically selected variant of the Landrace pig (Miyagino L2) has a lower incidence of pulmonary MPS lesions. We investigated the pathological and immunological characteristics of MPS resistance in these pigs (n = 24) by comparing with the normal landrace pig (control: n = 24). The pathological MPS lung lesion score in MPS‐selected landrace pigs was significantly lower than in the control. The gene expression of interleukin (IL)‐12p40, which acts as a chemoattractant and a component of the bioactive cytokines IL‐12 and IL‐23, was significantly higher at the hilar lymph nodes, lung, and spleen in MPS‐selected landrace pigs than in control landrace pigs, and these were negatively correlated with the macroscopic MPS lung lesion score. In summary, we demonstrate that resistance against MPS in Miyagino L2 pigs is associated with IL‐12p40 up‐regulation, in comparison with normal landrace pigs without the MPS vaccine. In addition, a comparative study of macroscopic MPS lung lesions and IL‐12p40 gene expression in lung and hilar lymph nodes may lead to beneficial selection traits for the genetic selection for MPS resistance in pigs.
99mTc‐labeled Duramycin for detecting and monitoring cardiomyocyte death and assessing atorvastatin cardioprotection in acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Tan Hui , Abudupataer Mieradilijiang , Qiu Lin , Mao Wujian , Xiao Jie , Cheng Dengfeng , Shi Hongcheng 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis study aimed to dynamically monitor myocardial cell death using 99mTc‐Duramycin single‐photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (micro‐SPECT/CT) imaging in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and the anti‐apoptosis effect of atorvastatin for cardioprotection. Mice were randomized into three groups: AMI group, AMI with atorvastatin treatment (T‐AMI) group, and sham group. Three groups of model mice were randomly selected at day 1 (D1), day 3 (D3), and day 7 (D7) day after surgery with 99mTc‐Duramycin micro‐SPECT/CT imaging. The lesion‐to‐normal myocardial tissue ratio (L/N) average values were 2.62 on D1, 3.89 on D3, and 1.20 on D7 for the uptake of 99mTc‐duramycin in the infarcted region in the AMI group. The sham group presented no positive imaging in myocardium, and the L/N average values were 1.09, 1.14, and 1.10 on D1, D3, and D7, respectively. Meanwhile, 99mTc‐linear‐duramycin imaging showed no radioactive uptake in the infarction region. The T‐AMI group imaging showed tracer uptake decreased obviously compared to the uptake in the infarcted region in AMI mice. 99mTc‐Duramycin SPECT/CT imaging allowed non‐invasive monitoring of myocardial cell death in a mouse model of AMI and an assessment of atorvastatin anti‐apoptosis effect for cardioprotection by in vivo molecular imaging.
The Potential of Low Molecular Weight Heparin to Mitigate Cytokine Storm in Severe COVID‐19 Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Shi Chen , Wang Cong , Wang Hanxiang , Yang Chao , Cai Fei , Zeng Fang , Cheng Fang , Liu Yihui , Zhou Taotao , Deng Bin , Vlodavsky Israel , Li Jin‐Ping , Zhang Yu 
Published: September 2020

On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared its assessment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) as a global pandemic. However, specific anti‐severe acute respiratory syndrome‐coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) drugs are still under development, and patients are managed by multiple complementary treatments. We performed a retrospective analysis to compare and evaluate the effect of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) treatment on disease progression. For this purpose, the clinical records and laboratory indicators were extracted from electronic medical records of 42 patients with COVID‐19 (21 of whom were treated with LMWH, and 21 without LMWH) hospitalized (Union Hospital of Huazhong University of Science and Technology) from February 1 to March 15, 2020. Changes in the percentage of lymphocytes before and after LMWH treatment were significantly different from those in the control group (P = 0.011). Likewise, changes in the levels of D‐dimer and fibrinogen degradation products in the LMWH group before and after treatment were significantly different from those in the control group (P = 0.035). Remarkably, IL‐6 levels were significantly reduced after LMWH treatment (P = 0.006), indicating that, besides other beneficial properties, LMWH may exert an anti‐inflammatory effect and attenuate in part the “cytokine storm” induced by the virus. Our results support the use of LMWH as a potential therapeutic drug for the treatment of COVID‐19, paving the way for a subsequent well‐controlled clinical study.
Early word‐learning skills: A missing link in understanding the vocabulary gap?
Authors: Shavlik Margaret , Davis‐Kean Pamela E. , Schwab Jessica F. , Booth Amy E. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSocioeconomic status (SES) has been repeatedly linked to the developmental trajectory of vocabulary acquisition in young children. However, the nature of this relationship remains underspecified. In particular, despite an extensive literature documenting young children's reliance on a host of skills and strategies to learn new words, little attention has been paid to whether and how these skills relate to measures of SES and vocabulary acquisition. To evaluate these relationships, we conducted two studies. In Study 1, 205 2.5‐ to 3.5‐year‐old children from widely varying socioeconomic backgrounds were tested on a broad range of word‐learning skills that tap their ability to resolve cases of ambiguous reference and to extend words appropriately. Children's executive functioning and phonological memory skills were also assessed. In Study 2, 77 of those children returned for a follow‐up session several months later, at which time two additional measures of vocabulary were obtained. Using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and multivariate regression, we provide evidence of the mediating role of word‐learning skills on the relationship between SES and vocabulary skill over the course of early development.
Differential early predictive factors for upper and lower extremity motor recovery after ischaemic stroke
Authors: Lee J. , Kim H. , Kim J. , Lee H.‐J. , Chang W. H. , Kim Y.‐H. 
Published: September 2020

Background and purposeVarious clinical and neuroimaging predictive factors have been identified for the recovery of upper extremity (UE) motor function after stroke. However, few studies have addressed factors related to the recovery of lower extremity (LE) motor function after stroke or performed direct comparisons of UE and LE motor recovery in the same set of patients. In this study, predictive factors for UE and LE motor recovery after stroke were investigated using clinical and neuroimaging characteristics.MethodsForty‐two subacute ischaemic stroke patients underwent structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging data acquisition and cognitive/behavioral assessments using the Fugl–Meyer assessment, the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and the Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE) 2 weeks after stroke onset. Neuroimaging factors, including corticospinal tract (CST) fractional anisotropy, lesion volume, CST lesion load and interhemispheric homotopic functional connectivity, were extracted. The outcome of motor function was assessed by Fugl–Meyer assessment scores 3 months after onset.ResultsEarly clinical and neuroimaging factors for predicting motor recovery were noticeably different for UE and LE. UE motor function recovery was related to age, NIHSS, MMSE, CST lesion load, lesion volume, ipsilesional CST integrity and interhemispheric homotopic functional connectivity. In contrast, LE motor recovery was related to ipsilesional and contralesional CST integrity and MMSE. Specifically, LE recovery showed a strong relationship to the preservation of cognitive function compared with motor impairment.ConclusionsOur results indicate that different mechanisms underlie UE and LE motor recovery after stroke. LE motor recovery seems to be more intensively modulated by cognitive functions than UE.
French Prisoners Cast their Vote in the 2019 European Elections: An ad hoc Analysis of their Electoral Choices and Political Attitudes
Authors: HERZOG‐EVANS MARTINE , THOMAS JÉRÔME 
Published: September 2020

AbstractFrance belongs to a group of jurisdictions where the vast majority of prisoners retain their right to vote, but where it remained difficult to exercise this right until a March 2019 Act unexpectedly allowed them to vote via a booth and ballot box for the EU parliamentary elections. This article analyses their participation and political choices at a national level. It further presents the result of an ad hoc study conducted in three prisons which explored prisoners’ political culture, their interest in political life, their perception of the political challenges and contemporary questions, and their political convictions and values. Our general findings are that prisoners only partially differ from the general population regarding their political choices. At a deeper level, the findings also show that prisoners have more ‘political capital’ than politicians assume. We conclude with comments on the untapped potential this holds for their reintegration into the community.
Do macro‐prudential policies jeopardize banking competition?
Authors: Mirzaei Ali , Moore Tomoe 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMacro‐prudential policies that are adopted to strengthen the resilience of the financial sector to systemic risk impose additional restrictions on bank lending and other activities, altering the structure of the banking sector. In this article, we empirically investigate the extent to which macro‐prudential instruments affect one of the bank characteristics, bank competition, for a sample of 58 countries. The robust finding is that macro‐prudential policies are adversely affecting bank competition, in particular, this is driven by liquidity‐ and capital‐related instruments. The negative effect can, however, be mitigated in countries with high institutional quality and high bank supervisory powers.
Fruit damages caused by the broad‐winged bush katydid, Scudderia pistillata (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) in commercial cranberry bog
Authors: Labarre Didier , Piché‐Luneau Samuel , Gervais François , Légaré Jean‐Philippe , Cormier Daniel , Lucas Eric 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn August 2018, unidentified damages were reported on cranberries in a conventional bog located in Quebec (Eastern Canada). Following a field inspection, high percentage of nibbled fruits as well as katydids (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) were observed. Several individuals (nymphs and adults) were seen feeding directly on the fruits. Specimens were captured and sent to the “Laboratoire d'expertise et de diagnostic en phytoprotection” of the “Quebec Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food" (LEDP‐MAPAQ). They were identified as Scudderia pistillata Brunner von Wattenwyl (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae). Subsequently, a systematic fruit sampling was realized into the beds where damages were observed to assess spatial patterns of infestation. To our knowledge, it constitutes the first mention of significant damages associated to this species in cranberry bogs and, in some cases, up to 5% damages to the fruits were observed. This observation suggests that S. pistillata represents a potential pest for this crop. Additionally, a decrease of damage rates was observed when distancing from the north‐eastern corner of the bog. Hypothesis in regards of damages' spatial pattern is discussed.
Community pharmacist interventions to improve adherence to lipid lowering medication and their influence on clinical outcomes: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Oñatibia‐Astibia Ainhoa , Malet‐Larrea Amaia , Gastelurrutia Miguel Ángel , Calvo Begoña , Goyenechea Estibaliz 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIntroductionNon‐adherence is a major problem among patients with chronic diseases. Community pharmacists are ideally positioned to detect non‐adherence and to provide patient‐centred interventions.ObjectiveTo conduct a systematic review of the impact of community pharmacist interventions on patient adherence to lipid lowering medication (LLM) prescriptions and clinical outcomes.Search methodFive databases (MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Science Direct, Scopus, and Web of Knowledge) were searched systematically to identify relevant reports published by December 2019. Study quality was assessed with the Cochrane risk of bias (RoB 2.0) tool.Selection criteriaControlled trials in which community pharmacists conducted an intervention to improve patient adherence to LLM and clinical outcomes were evaluated.Main resultsFive studies (2408 participants) were included in the qualitative analysis. Four studies (n = 2266) were pooled in the meta‐analysis. Participants in the intervention group (IG) had better adherence than those in the control group (CG) [odds ratio (OR) = 1.67; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.38‐2.02; P < 0.001; I2 = 54%]. Better adherence rates were obtained when adherence was measured with validated questionnaires than when medication‐possession ratio (MPR) measurements were used. Total cholesterol (TC) levels were not included in the meta‐analysis due to data variability among the studies.ConclusionsPharmacist‐led intervention can improve LLM adherence, but its influence on clinical outcomes, including lipid level control, remains to be clarified.
Quantifying an overlooked aspect of partial migration using otolith microchemistry
Authors: Rohtla Mehis , Matetski Lagle , Taal Imre , Svirgsden Roland , Kesler Martin , Paiste Päärn , Vetemaa Markus 
Published: September 2020

AbstractFor the first time, an overlooked aspect of partial migration was quantified using otolith microchemistry and brown trout, Salmo trutta, as a model species. Relative contributions of freshwater resident and anadromous female brown trout to mixed‐stock sea trout populations in the Baltic Sea were estimated. Out of 236 confirmed wild sea trout sampled around the coast of Estonia 88% were of anadromous maternal origin and 12% were of resident maternal origin. This novel finding underscores the importance of the resident contingent in maintaining the persistence and resilience of the migratory contingent.
First genetic characterization of sturgeon mimiviruses in Ukraine
Authors: Rud Yuriy , Bigarré Laurent , Pallandre Laurane , Briand François‐Xavier , Buchatsky Leonid 
Published: September 2020

AbstractA group of pathogenic nucleocytoplasmic large DNA viruses (NCLDVs) related to the Mimiviridae family infect farmed sturgeons across Europe, causing mild‐to‐severe losses. One of these viruses, Acipenser iridovirus‐European (AcIV‐E), was identified in six sturgeon species. During the 2018–2019 period, nine sick Siberian (A. baerii) and Russian (A. gueldenstaedtii) sturgeons were sampled in Ukrainian farms and tested for the presence of AcIV‐E using real‐time PCR. The presence of AcIV‐E was confirmed in some samples. High‐resolution melting (HRM) assay and Sanger sequencing demonstrated the presence in three farms of two alleles of the major capsid protein (MCP) gene, called var1 and var2. Five samples carried both var1 and var2 at varying ratios, and the sixth sample was infected with only var1. These results constitute the first detection of AcIV‐E in Ukraine and the first detection of a sample carrying only var1. The full‐length sequences of the MCP genes confirmed the existence of two genetic lineages of AcIV‐E, tentatively named V1 and V2, each displaying multiple substitutions in the MCP gene. Some of the MCP sequences showed a genetic relationship to both V1 and V2 lineages, depending on the fragment examined. Most likely, these sequences resulted from recombination events.
A comparison of the use of different swab materials for optimal diagnosis of amoebic gill disease (AGD) in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.)
Authors: Fernandez‐Senac Carolina , Fridman Sophie , Sokolowska Jadwiga , Monaghan Sean J. , Garzon Teresa , Betancor Monica , Paladini Giuseppe , Adams Alexandra , Bron James E. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractRoutine gill swabbing is a non‐destructive sampling method used for the downstream qPCR detection and quantitation of the pathogen Neoparamoeba perurans, a causative agent of amoebic gill disease (AGD). Three commercially available swabs were compared aiming their application for timelier AGD diagnosis (Calgiswab® (calcium alginate fibre‐tipped), Isohelix® DNA buccal and cotton wool‐tipped). Calcium alginate is soluble in most sodium salts, which potentially allows the total recovery of biological material, hence a better extraction of target organisms’ DNA. Thus, this study consisted of (a) an in vitro assessment involving spiking of the swabs with known amounts of amoebae and additional assessment of retrieval efficiency of amoebae from agar plates; (b) in vivo testing by swabbing of gill arches (second, third and fourth) of AGD‐infected fish. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments identified an enhanced amoeba retrieval with Calgiswab® and Isohelix® swabs in comparison with cotton swabs. Additionally, the third and fourth gill arches presented significantly higher amoebic loads compared to the second gill arch. Results suggest that limiting routine gill swabbing to one or two arches, instead of all, could likely lead to reduced stress‐related effects incurred by handling and sampling and a timelier diagnosis of AGD.
Prevalence of Clonorchis sinensis infection in fish in South‐East Asia: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Zhang Ying , Gong Qing‐Long , Lv Qing‐Bo , Qiu Yang‐Yuan , Wang Yan‐Chun , Qiu Hong‐Yu , Guo Xin‐Rui , Gao Jun‐Feng , Chang Qiao‐Cheng , Wang Chun‐Ren 
Published: September 2020

AbstractClonorchis sinensis, an important fish‐borne zoonotic trematode, is widely distributed in South‐East Asia, especially in China. Infections from human and animal reservoir hosts occur due to the consumption of raw or undercooked fish with C. sinensis metacercariae. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of C. sinensis metacercariae in fish in South‐East Asia via systematic review and meta‐analysis. We searched PubMed, ScienceDirect, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang and Chongqing VIP databases for studies published between 1976 and 2020 that are related to the prevalence of C. sinensis metacercariae in fish. Studies were screened with keywords based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Seventy‐one eligible articles were identified, covering three countries: China, Korea and Vietnam. The pooled prevalence of C. sinensis metacercariae in fish from South‐East Asia was 30.5%, with 35.1% in China, 29.7% in Korea and 8.4% in Vietnam. In subgroup analyses of climate, season, water source and publication date, the highest prevalence was identified in the Dwb climate type (43.3%), summer (70.2%), river (34.5%) and pre‐2001 publications (38.9%), respectively. In comparison, the lowest prevalence was found in the Dfa climate type (14.5%), winter (19.5%), lake (8.0%) and post‐2001 publications (23.8%). Meta‐regression results indicated that country (p = .009), the published time (p = .035) and water source subgroups (p = .003) may be the source of heterogeneity. Overall, our study indicates that a high prevalence of C. sinensis infections occurs in fish in China, Korea and Vietnam, illuminating a significant public health concern in these countries.
Mucin histochemistry as a tool to assess rostral digestive tract health in a teleost model (Danio rerio)
Authors: Kotzé Sanet H. , Huysseune Ann 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe zebrafish (Danio rerio), a small agastric teleost fish, has become a popular species to model diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Remarkably, its rostral digestive tract has been largely understudied. To allow for accurate reporting and to improve the translational potential of this research model, the present study first proposes terminology for the different regions of the rostral digestive tract in zebrafish. Based on markers (in particular mucin histochemistry) which are easy to apply in routine histopathology laboratories, five regions are identified, in line with descriptions for carp, a close relative of zebrafish. The mucin histochemical staining is specific and distinct in each region identified, and can be used as a tool to assess health of the rostral digestive tract. In addition, we identify a transitional zone between the oesophagus and intestinal bulb which may represent a remnant of a rudimentary stomach.