bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physical activity-related injuries of college students in southern China: A 1-year prospective study
Authors: Tang Dongchun , Cai Weicong , Gao Yang , Chen Shangmin , Li Liping 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis prospective study was to describe the incidence and characteristics of physical activity-related injuries (PARI) among college students in southern China. Online questionnaires and telephone interviews were combined to investigate the physical activity (PA) participation and PARI occurrences every two weeks. Totally, 84 college students (men: 49; women: 35) with a mean age of 19.4 years completed the entire 1-year follow-up. Overall, 14250.3 PA exposure hours were collected and 36 PARI episodes were reported by 26 students, with an injury incidence density of 2.53 injuries per 1000 PA exposure hours and an injury risk of 0.43 injuries/student/year. July to September accounted for a highest proportion of injuries and half of the injuries happened in the evening. The majority of injuries occurred outdoors, happened in non-contact activities, were acute and involved the lower limbs, with sprains and strains being the primary injury types. Of all injuries, 80.6% resulted in PA withdrawal immediately and 58.3% led to absence from the next planned PA. No significant difference was found between men and women. This study reveals the problem of PARI among college students, which provides the direction for the prevention of PARI in this population.
In the rivers: Multiple adaptive radiations of cyprinid fishes (Labeobarbus) in Ethiopian Highlands
Authors: Levin Boris A. , Simonov Evgeniy , Dgebuadze Yury Y. , Levina Marina , Golubtsov Alexander S. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMultiple repeated patterns of adaptive radiation were revealed in cyprinid fish inhabiting the compact geographic region of the Ethiopian Highlands. We found four independently evolved radiations in the evolutionary hexaploid (2n = 150)Labeobarbuslineage based on matrilineal relationships of >800 individuals. Each radiation displayed similar patterns of mouth phenotype diversification, and included ecomorphs/species of the generalized, lipped, scraping (one or two), and large-mouthed (one to three) types. All radiations were detected in geographically isolated rivers, and originated from different ancestral populations. This is the first documented case in which numerous parallel radiations of fishes occurred–via different ways–in a riverine environment. Some radiations are very recent and monophyletic, while others are older and include ecomorphs that originated in separate mini flocks and later combined into one. The diversification bursts among EthiopianLabeobarbuswere detected in the mid-upper reaches of rivers (1050-1550 m above sea level), which likely offer ecological opportunities that include diverse habitats yet poor fauna (i.e. lower competition and relaxed selection). This promising example of parallel evolution of adaptive radiation warrants further investigation.
miR-183-5p suppressed the invasion and migration of HTR-8/SVneo trophoblast cells partly via targeting MMP-9 in preeclampsia
Authors: Suo Mingli , Sun Yanfei , Yang Hailan , Ji Jing , He Yinfang , Dong Liyuan , Wang Yuxian , Zhang Yanli , Zhang Yingan , Hao Min 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE), a common obstetrical disorder, is characterized by impaired migration and invasion abilities of trophoblastic cells. MicroRNA-183-5p (miR-183) was reported to regulate cell migration and invasion in various types of human cancers; however, its role in the pathogenesis of PE remains elusive. Herein, we investigated the role of miR-183 in HTR-8/SVneo trophoblast cells invasion and migration and explored the underlying mechanism. Our results showed that miR-183 was significantly up-regulated in placental tissues from pregnant women compared with that in normal pregnant women. Overexpression of miR-183 inhibited proliferation, migration and invasion, as well as induced apoptosis in HTR-8/SVneo cells. Otherwise, down-regulation of miR-183 achieved the opposite effects. Bioinformatics prediction and luciferase reporter assay confirmed that matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is a target of miR-183. In addition, MMP-9 expression was significantly down-regulated, and inversely correlated with the miR-183 level in placental tissues from pregnant women with severe PE. Down-regulation of MMP-9 suppressed the trophoblast cell invasion and migration, whereas overexpression of MMP-9 promoted cell invasion and migration in HTR-8/SVneo cells. More importantly, up-regulation of MMP-9 reversed the inhibitory effects of miR-183 on cell invasion and migration in trophoblast cells. Collectively, our findings suggested that miR-183 may play critical roles in the pathogenesis of PE and serve as a potential biomarker for severe PE.
Effects of nebivolol versus other antihypertensive drugs on the endothelial dysfunction in patients with essential hypertension
Authors: Li Bingwei , Zhang Qiuju , Zhang Honggang , Wang Chunxiao , Xiu Ruijuan 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
We aim to determine whether nebivolol has a better effect on endothelial dysfunction compared with other β-blockers or other classes of antihypertensive drugs. Searches of the PubMed, Embase etc. were performed to analyze all the randomized controlled trials using nebivolol to treat essential hypertension. The primary end points included a measurement of peripheral endothelial function by brachial flow mediated vasodilatation (FMD) or forearm blood flow (FBF). A random-effect model was used to perform the meta-analysis when the studies showed significant heterogeneity, otherwise a descriptive analysis was conducted. Ten studies (689 patients) were included in qualitative analysis, four of which were included in quantitative synthesis. Meta-analysis showed that the changed FMD value before and after treatment with nebivolol was not statistically different from those treated with other β-blockers [mean difference = 1.12, 95% confidence interval (CI): −0.56, 2.81, P=0.19]. Descriptive analysis indicated that nebivolol did not have a better endothelium-protective effect than other classes of antihypertensive drugs including olmesartan and perindopril. Nebivolol is not a unique endothelial function-protective agent distinguished from other β-blockers or other classes of antihypertensive drugs. Reversal of endothelial dysfunction is a key point in the prevention and therapy of essential hypertension.
Modeling the Lyαtransit absorption of the hot Jupiter HD 189733b
Authors: Odert P. , Erkaev N. V. , Kislyakova K. G. , Lammer H. , Mezentsev A. V. , Ivanov V. A. , Fossati L. , Leitzinger M. , Kubyshkina D. , Holmström M. 
Published: April 2020

Context.Hydrogen-dominated atmospheres of hot exoplanets expand and escape hydrodynamically due to the intense heating by the X-ray and extreme ultraviolet (XUV) irradiation of their host stars. Excess absorption of neutral hydrogen has been observed in the Lyαline during transits of several close-in gaseous exoplanets, indicating such extended atmospheres.Aims.For the hot Jupiter HD 189733b, this absorption shows temporal variability. We aim to study if variations in stellar XUV emission and/or variable stellar wind conditions may explain this effect.Methods.We applied a 1D hydrodynamic planetary upper atmosphere model and a 3D magnetohydrodynamic stellar wind flow model to study the effect of variations of the stellar XUV irradiation and wind conditions at the planet’s orbit on the neutral hydrogen distribution. This includes the production of energetic neutral atoms (ENAs) and the related Lyαtransit signature.Results.We obtain comparable, albeit slightly higher Lyαabsorption than that observed in 2011 with a stellar XUV flux of 1.8 × 104erg cm−2s−1, rather typical activity conditions for this star. Flares with parameters similar to that observed eight hours before the transit are unlikely to have caused a significant modulation of the transit signature. We find that the resulting Lyαabsorption is dominated by atmospheric broadening, whereas the contribution of ENAs is negligible, as they are formed inside the bow shock from decelerated wind ions that are heated to high temperatures. Thus, within our modeling framework and assumptions, we find an insignificant dependence of the absorption on the stellar wind parameters.Conclusions.Since the transit absorption can be modeled with typical stellar XUV and wind conditions, it is possible that the nondetection of the absorption in 2010 was affected by less typical stellar activity conditions, such as a very different magnitude and/or shape of the star’s spectral XUV emission, or temporal and/or spatial variations in Lyαaffecting the determination of the transit absorption.
Le secret médical
Authors: Pujalte Christian-Renaud 
Published: April 2020

En droit le secret médical relève de cette catégorie de thèmes qui sont d’une actualité permanente. À cela une raison essentielle, le secret médical fait partie intégrante d’un véritable phénomène, récent car il ne remonte qu’à une trentaine d’années, mais en expansion croissante que l’on qualifie de « Judiciarisation de la Société ». Celle-ci se caractérise par l’immixtion en force du droit dans des domaines qui lui étaient le plus souvent étranger, ainsi en est-il du monde des affaires, de la police, des armées… et, en ce qui nous concerne, de la médecine. Certes il n’était pas totalement absent, ceci serait impossible dans un État de droit, mais il était limité à quelques grands principes, et à des lois-cadres que le juge appliquait sans essayer de faire lui-même œuvre normative.
Il en va tout différemment à présent où il est demandé au magistrat, bien sûr de juger, mais ce avec une approche résolument nouvelle.
Il doit en effet tenir compte de l’évolution de la société et des grands courants qui la traversent. Le juge devient de plus en plus le régulateur de bien des activités, il ne se borne plus à faire une simple application des textes il innove, de façon prétorienne, pour essayer de traduire en droit les aspirations du plus grand nombre des administrés.
La brève communication en entretien n’est pas qu’une écoute brève !
Authors: Troussier Thierry 
Published: April 2020

Durant la deuxième moitié du xxe siècle, l’entretien (counseling) centré sur la personne, associant une écoute dite active respectant le patient/usagers a fait ses preuves dans la relation aidant /aidé. Ces techniques ont pu s’adapter en fonction des cultures, des contextes et des différents topiques. Elles ont été utilisées dans de très larges spectres (conseil conjugal, accompagnement à la mort, révélation de maladies graves…).
Le début du xxie siècle a permis de décrire de nouveaux outils permettant des entretiens plus rapides et tout aussi efficaces dans certains domaines tels que les entretiens pour améliorer l’adhésion aux thérapeutiques ou pour trouver ses propres ressources pour faire face à ses pratiques à risques. Ces dernières années de nouveaux outils sont utilisés pour améliorer l’efficacité sur le changement des comportements à risque et avoir une approche plus globale de l’individu et de son environnement dans la vraie vie. Ces outils sont principalement utilisés dans le cadre du model IMB ou « Intervention, Motivation and Behavior » (comportement). La brève communication est un processus de communication qui peut être utilisé par tous les professionnels de santé, formé à des techniques d’écoute brève, elle se réalise en moins d’une demi-heure, souvent en quelques minutes après avoir entendu la demande du patient, et avoir intégré ses déterminants environnementaux.
Menyanthes trifoliata L. – der Fieberklee
Authors: Latté Klaus Peter 
Published: April 2020

ZusammenfassungDie Blatt- und Rhizomdroge des in Moor- und Sumpfgebieten vorkommenden Fieberklees, Menyanthes trifoliata L. (Menyanthaceae), wird seit Langem volksmedizinisch bei Appetitlosigkeit und Verdauungsbeschwerden eingesetzt; maßgeblich an dieser Wirkung sind die enthaltenen Bitterstoffe vom Secoiridoid-Typ beteiligt, die auch in anderen Bitterstoffdrogen vorkommen. Neben Bitterstoffen sind Polyphenole und Triterpene wichtige Inhaltsstoffe beider Drogen. In Untersuchungen wurden für Blattextrakte antioxidative, antimikrobielle und immunmodulatorische Wirkungen sowie für Rhizomextrakte antiinflammatorische, antioxidative und antimikrobielle Aktivitäten und zytotoxische Wirkungen gegen Krebszelllinien beschrieben. Genaue toxikologische Daten liegen für beide Drogen nicht vor. Klinische Studien sind nicht verfügbar, so dass eine Anwendung der Blatt- und Rhizomdrogen bzw. von Extrakten – abgesehen von der Verwendung bei Appetitlosigkeit und Verdauungsbeschwerden im Sinne eines „traditional use“ – nicht empfohlen werden kann.
„eines so gewaltigen Geruchs, der alle andere übertrifft“
Authors: Niedenthal Tobias , Puchtler Elke , Uehleke Bernhard 
Published: April 2020

ZusammenfassungDer Lavendel steht 2020 gleich doppelt im Fokus: In Deutschland wurde der Echte Lavendel zur Arzneipflanze des Jahres gekürt, in Österreich die gesamte Gattung. In der europäischen Medizingeschichte spielten drei Arten eine größere Rolle, allerdings gestalten sich genaue Zuordnungen nach wie vor schwierig. In der jüngeren Vergangenheit konnten einige traditionelle Anwendungsgebiete klinisch bestätigt werden.
A Surgical Technique to Repair Perineal Body Disruption Secondary to Sexual Assault
Authors: Brisighelli Giulia , Levitt Marc A. , Wood Richard J. , Westgarth-Taylor Christopher J. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPerineal trauma is uncommon in the pediatric population and it is estimated that 5 to 21% is secondary to sexual abuse. We aim to present a proposed surgical technique to repair perineal injuries secondary to sexual assault in female children. The technique is based on the posterior sagittal anorectoplasty (PSARP) for repairing anorectal malformations and, between 2017 and 2019, it was used to treat three girls (2 months, 2 years, and 8 years of age) with fourth-degree perineal injuries secondary to sexual assault. One of them underwent laparotomy and Hartmann's colostomy for an acute abdomen. Two underwent wound debridement and suturing and only had a stoma fashioned at 5 days and 6 weeks posttrauma, respectively. The perineal repair was performed 2, 6, and 7 weeks postinjury and done as follows: with the child prone in jack-knife position, stay-sutures are placed on the common wall between the rectum and the vagina. Using a needle tip diathermy, a transverse incision is performed below the sutures lifting the anterior rectal wall up. Stay sutures are then positioned on the posterior wall of the vaginal mucosa. The incision between the walls is deepened until the rectum and the vagina are completely separated. The deep and superficial perineal body is then reconstructed using absorbable sutures and an anterior anoplasty and an introitoplasty are performed. The stoma in each was closed 6 weeks postreconstruction. At follow-up, now 1 year or more postrepair, all patients have an excellent cosmetic outcome and are fully continent for stools.
Changes in Electrical Activity of the Masseter Muscle and Masticatory Force after the Use of the Masseter Nerve as Donor in Facial Reanimation Surgery
Authors: Telich-Tarriba Jose E. , Orihuela-Rodríguez Alejandro , Rivera-Priego Adriana de Lourdes , Ángeles-Medina Fernando , Morales-González Julio , Mora-Magaña Ignacio , Fentanes-Vera Adriana , Palafox Damian , Cárdenas-Mejía Alexander 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Introduction The masseter nerve has been used as a donor nerve for facial reanimation procedures due to the multiple advantages it offers; it has been generally considered that sacrifice of the masseter nerve does not alter the masticatory apparatus; however, there are no objective studies to support this claim.
Objective To evaluate the impact that the use of the masseter nerve in dynamic facial reconstruction has on the electrical activity of the masseter muscle and on bite force.
Materials and Methods An observational and prospective longitudinal study was performed measuring bite force and electrical activity of the masseter muscles before and 3 months after dynamic facial reconstructive surgery using the masseter nerve. An occlusal analyzer and surface electromyography were employed for measurements.
Results The study included 15 patients with unilateral facial paralysis, with a mean age of 24.06 ± 23.43. Seven patients were subjected to a masseter–buccal branch nerve transfer, whereas in eight patients, the masseter nerve was used as a donor nerve for gracilis free functional muscle transfer. Electrical activity of the masseter muscle was significantly reduced after surgery in both occlusal positions: from 140.86 ± 65.94 to 109.68 ± 68.04 (p = 0.01) in maximum intercuspation and from 123.68 ± 75.64 to 82.64 ± 66.56 (p = 0.01) in the rest position. However, bite force did not show any reduction, changing from 22.07 ± 15.66 to 15.56 ± 7.91 (p = 0.1) after the procedure.
Conclusion Masseter nerve transfer causes a reduction in electromyographic signals of the masseter muscle; however, bite force is preserved and comparable to preoperative status.
Summary of Oncologic and Functional Outcomes
Authors: Hompes Roel , Penna Marta 
Published: April 2020

AbstractLarge cohort and collaborative studies to date have shown that the short-term oncological outcomes appear to be at least as good as traditional laparoscopic surgery. These results need confirmation in randomized controlled trials, which are currently underway (GRECCAR 11 and COLOR III). The functional data on transanal total mesorectal excision is still very scarce and more mature data on quality of life and function outcomes are eagerly awaited.
Future Directions
Authors: Soares António S. , Chand Manish 
Published: April 2020

AbstractTransanal total mesorectal excision (taTME) is a novel technique that has evolved over the years to address the challenges of low rectal cancer surgery by applying the principles and benefits of laparoscopic surgery to more historic transanal techniques. It has been popularized through its use in rectal cancer, but the transanal approach is slowly being expanded to tackle different clinical scenarios including benign conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease and endometriosis. For all of these new indications, it is the desire to access and begin the dissection in native tissue beyond the pathology which makes this approach applicable to other diseases where anatomy can be challenging. Training pathways to safely introduce taTME in a standardized manner are being developed and implemented in a bid to ensure adequate training to all the surgeons using this technique and thus minimize complications and patient morbidity. The future directions of this promising technique include the use of image and optical technological enhancement to aid navigation, the use of pneumorectum stabilization, and perhaps the use of fluorescence as a safety improvement. Developments have come also from the field of robotics. After a demonstration of feasibility in cadaver models, a growing experience has been gathered in the robotic approach to taTME, covered in the last part of this chapter.
A Case of Right Posterior Semicircular Canal Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo with to-and-fro Canal Switch to Right Horizontal Semicircular Canal
Authors: Vats Ajay Kumar 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background Canal switch in BPPV is a phenomenon occurring after therapeutic canalith repositioning maneuvers (CRM), when there is a reflux of the repositioned otoconial debris from utricle to semicircular canal other than the one originally affected. It may be of immediate-type occurring within minutes after CRM or a delayed-type occurring after 2-3 days.
Aim The study is a case report.
Case Report A 59-year-old female presented with history of severe rotational vertigo as she got up from the bed in the early morning at 5.00 a.m.. Dix-Hallpike test (DHT) on the right elicited an upbeating positional nystagmus (PN). Treatment with multiple consecutive modified right Epley maneuvers (r-MEM) in one session was undertaken. During these maneuvers she continued to have an upbeating PN during the 45-degrees right cervical rotation with the neck in 20-degrees of extension (which is equivalent to right Dix-Hallpike positioning) of the first three sequential r-MEM’s. With the neck maintained in 20-degrees of extension, during fourth consecutive r-MEM, the 45-degrees cervical rotation to right elicited apogeotropic horizontal PN. Supine roll test (SRT) was immediately undertaken. Maximal head yaw positioning to right as well as to the left elicited apogeotropic horizontal PN without torsional component lasting more than one minute, indicating reflux of otoconia from the right P-SCC to the short anterior arm of right H-SCC. She was treated with two sequences of Appiani maneuver and SRT one hour later elicited geotropic upbeating PN with vertigo, indicating second canal switch to P-SCC. It was successfully treated with two sequences of right EM fifteen minutes apart, with instructions to stay upright in between and after the maneuvers. At 24 hours, repeat DHT and SRT were negative and patient was asymptomatic.
Conclusion An optimal time delay to perform a verifying positional test after therapeutic session with CRM is crucial to prevent the immediate type of reflux of relocated otoconia from the utricle into a different semicircular canal. In centers, where more than a single EM is performed in a single session of treatment, a delay of 10 to 15 minutes appears to be appropriate between successive maneuvers. A certain period of restraint in the vertical position after CRM may prevent immediate reflux, but this needs to be confirmed by the randomized control trials.
Nonpharmacological Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation: What Is the Role of Device Therapy?
Authors: Riedlbauchová Lucie , Durdil Václav , Honěk Jakub , Veselka Josef 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAtrial fibrillation is the most common arrhythmia in the adult population, and its incidence and prevalence are still rising. Cardiac devices are widely used in clinical practice in the management of various rhythm disturbances and heart failure treatment. Many patients who receive a pacemaker, implantable cardioverter-defibrillator, or cardiac resynchronization therapy also experience atrial fibrillation in the course of their life. Therefore, this review aims to describe the role of these devices in the treatment and prevention of atrial fibrillation in the device recipients. In addition, all these implantable devices also serve as permanent ECG (electrocardiogram) monitors, thus providing important information about the presence and characteristics of atrial fibrillation that may or may not be detected by the patient but can modify our therapeutical approach with regard to the stroke prevention.
Translation in the COVID-19 health emergency in Wuhan
Authors: Wang Peng 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Intercultural crisis communication in an interconnected and globalized world emphasizes the need for translation
to be put in place as foreign nationals with cultural and linguistic barriers might rely on it to prepare for a possible crisis or
make informed decisions when already affected by a crisis. However, translation is an underdeveloped tool in crisis management,
particularly in China. Considering it a special branch of public service translation, the author investigates crisis translation
by using a case study of the disruptive outbreak of novel coronavirus disease in Wuhan. Based upon the author’s first-hand
experience as a crisis manager at the Office of Foreigner Affairs in the Municipal Government of Wuhan, this article describes how
government translators with the help of external volunteer translators made language services available and accessible to affected
foreign nationals in the response phase from 8 January 2020 to 7 April 2020. It analyses these translation-mediated activities
from a crisis manager’s perspective. Despite the preliminary nature of the findings, which still call for further validation, it
is hoped that insights from this article will be of interest to those who are engaged with crisis translation services and to
those who research crisis translation.