bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early replacement of West Eurasian male Y chromosomes from the east
Authors: Hallast Pille , Agdzhoyan Anastasia , Balanovsky Oleg , Xue Yali , Tyler-Smith Chris 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe genomes of humans outside Africa originated almost entirely from a single migration out ∼50,000-60,000 years ago1,2, followed closely by mixture with Neanderthals contributing ∼2% to all non-Africans3,4. However, the details of this initial migration remain poorly-understood because no ancient DNA analyses are available from this key time period, and present-day autosomal data are uninformative due to subsequent population movements/reshaping5. One locus, however, does retain extensive information from this early period: the Y-chromosome, where a detailed calibrated phylogeny has been constructed6. Three present-day Y lineages were carried by the initial migration: the rare haplogroup D, the moderately rare C, and the very common FT lineage which now dominates most non-African populations6,7. We show that phylogenetic analyses of haplogroup C, D and FT sequences, including very rare deep-rooting lineages, together with phylogeographic analyses of ancient and present-day non-African Y-chromosomes, all point to East/South-east Asia as the origin 50,000-55,000 years ago of all known non-African male lineages (apart from recent migrants). This implies that the initial Y lineages in populations between Africa and eastern Asia have been entirely replaced by lineages from the east, contrasting with the expectations of the serial-founder model8,9, and thus informing and constraining models of the initial expansion.
Differential oxidative costs of locomotory and genital damage in an orb-weaving spider
Authors: Mouginot Pierick , Uhl Gabriele , Toshkova Nia , Beaulieu Michaël 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn animals that regularly experience tissue loss, physiological responses may have evolved to overcome the related costs. Changes in oxidative status may reflect such self-maintenance mechanisms. Here, we investigated how markers of oxidative status varied in female orb-weaving spiders (Larinia jeskovi) by mimicking two distinct types of tissue loss they may naturally encounter: damage to their locomotory system and damage to their external genital structure, as inflicted by males to females during copulation (external female genital mutilation). Damage to the locomotory system resulted in a significant shift in the oxidative status reflecting investment into self-maintenance. In contrast, the loss of the genital structure did not result in quantitative changes of oxidative markers. The lack of response to genital mutilation suggests that genital mutilation is physiologically not costly for female spiders. The cost incurred to females rather arises from genital mutilation preventing the females from remating with another male.
The karma of consumption: role of materialism in the pursuit of life satisfaction
Authors: Roy Rajat , Rabbanee Fazlul K. , Roy Chaudhuri Himadri , Menon Preetha 
Published: December 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to examine how social comparison (SC) and belief in karma (KA) encourage materialism (MAT) and promote consumers’ life satisfaction (LS).

Design/methodology/approach
Two studies were conducted with Indian middle class consumers to test the basic premises of the current research. The first one used a survey (N = 247), while the second one used an experimental design (N = 206).

Findings
The survey results showed that SC and belief in KA promoted MAT amongst Indian consumers and further enhanced their LS. Findings from the experiment revealed a novel two-way interaction, in that the KA–MAT relationship was moderated by the underlying motivation for MAT.

Research limitations/implications
Future research may validate and extend our findings using different samples to increase external validity.

Practical implications
By explaining the interactive effects of MAT, its underlying motivation and belief in KA, managers will gain a better understanding of why consumers in an emerging market like India purchase conspicuous products.

Originality/value
This is the first paper to study how the KA–MAT relationship influences LS amongst consumers in the world’s fastest-rising economy. Furthermore, no prior research has reported a boundary condition for the KA–MAT relationship studied here. The findings contribute to an extremely limited body of literature on KA and consumption.
A systematic literature review on Sustainable Lean Six Sigma
Authors: Parmar Pranay Sureshbhai , Desai Tushar N. 
Published: December 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to determine the current status of Sustainable Lean Six Sigma (SLSS) practices execution in the industries by identifying the research gaps and also methodologies that are applied by different researchers and practitioners.

Design/methodology/approach
To find the current status of SLSS practices all over world, the literature review of the articles available through SCOPUS data base is given in different categories such as a country-wise and year-wise publication of the articles, journal-wise publication of articles, case study implementation focus in industry and data analysis techniques used by the researchers.

Findings
The different methodologies applied by the researchers and practitioners have been explained and the gaps for further research are identified. The extensive review of articles of last 18 years revealed that there are various opportunities such as quantitative study, framework modeling on the SLSS, and implementation of developed models in different industries, etc. which are required to be explored.

Originality/value
In the present study, a review of 129 articles for the time span of January 2000 to February 2018 is considered. The SCOPUS database was used for selecting the articles for review. A total of 129 articles were considered for the literature review, and the case study implementation in different industries with the focused areas such as cost reduction, defect reduction, economic, environmental and social aspects was explained.
Bundling in public–private partnership projects – a conceptual framework
Authors: Dolla Tharun , Laishram Boeing 
Published: December 2019

Purpose
The performance of public–private partnership (PPP) projects depends on how the project has been structured. The traditional PPP option analysis for structuring project scope and size relating to the bundling of functions concerning a single component of the value chain will need to be extended to handle multi-component sectors such as municipal solid waste (MSW) in formulating the project scope. This analysis is currently missing in the extant literature. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
Through a comprehensive literature review as the methodological backbone, this study develops a testable holistic framework for the procurement of MSW PPP projects that examines how various factors of bundling affect the performance of the PPP projects.

Findings
Using transaction cost economics, agency and auction theories, the review identifies that innovation, maturity, quality specifiability, scope, competition, information asymmetries and transaction attributes have a significant influence on the performance and success of the PPP projects.

Research limitations/implications
Alternative supply chain management possibilities and firm-level organisational ways can be predicted using this framework to strategize the solutions for the municipal infrastructure. Based on this contribution, future research can test the framework to increase the knowledge of bundling theory about how to structure network infrastructure PPP projects.

Originality/value
Studies on how to bundle/unbundle the projects having components of the value chain are in a nascent stage. The present study attempts to extend the body of knowledge on PPP to the complexity of bundling both the functions and components of the value chain in structuring the PPP project scope.
Fretting friction properties of laser surface texture microfilaments
Authors: Li Ke , Dong Xiuping , Huang Mingji , Chen Ping 
Published: December 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to improve the wear resistance of metal rubber microfilaments and the service life. The effect of surface texture by laser processing on the fretting friction properties of metal rubber microfilaments was studied.

Design/methodology/approach
The LQL-F20A laser marking machine was used to fabricate a ring groove array with equal spacing and dense arrangement on the surface of metal rubber microfilaments. The test was carried out with a self-made micro-dynamic frictional tester. The topography of the microfilaments was observed by scanning electron microscopy and analyzed.

Findings
It has shown that laser surface texturing can improve the wear performance of microfilaments. Under the same experimental conditions, the microfilaments of textured surface has a smaller depth of wear than un-textured specimen. The wear resistance increases with the increase of texture density. The friction coefficient of textured specimen is significantly reduced compared with un-textured specimen, and the surface texture density of microfilaments has little influence on the friction coefficient after stabilization. In the stage of stable fretting wear, the wear depth will be more with the increase of the load.

Originality/value
There is little research on metal rubber microfilaments tribological properties. In this paper, the effect of laser texturing of microfilaments on micro-dynamic friction properties was studied by friction machine to provide a reference for the application of metal rubber in aerospace, medical and other fields.
Improving information spread by spreading groups
Authors: Sela Alon , Milo Orit , Kagan Eugene , Ben-Gal Irad 
Published: December 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to propose a novel method to enhance the spread of messages in social networks by “Spreading Groups.” These sub-structures of highly connected accounts intentionally echo messages between the members of the subgroup at the early stages of a spread. This echoing further boosts the spread to regions substantially larger than the initial region. These spreading accounts can be actual humans or social bots.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper reveals an interesting anomaly in information cascades in Twitter and proposes the spreading group model that explains this anomaly. The model was tested using an agent-based simulation, real Twitter data and questionnaires.

Findings
The messages of few anonymous Twitter accounts spread on average more than well-known global financial media groups, such as The Wall Street Journal or Bloomberg. The spreading groups (also sometimes called BotNets) model provides an effective mechanism that can explain these findings.

Research limitations/implications
Spreading groups are only one possible mechanism that can explain the effectiveness of spread of tweets from lesser known accounts. The implication of this work is in showing how spreading groups can be used as a mechanism to spread messages in social networks. The construction of spreading groups is rather technical and does not require using opinion leaders. Similar to the case of “Fake News,” we expect the topic of spreading groups and their aim to manipulate information to receive growing attention in public discussion.

Practical implications
While harnessing opinion leaders to spread messages is costly, constructing spreading groups is more technical and replicable. Spreading groups are an efficient method to amplify the spread of message in social networks.

Social implications
With the blossoming of fake news, one might tend to assess the reliability of news by the number of users involved in its spread. This heuristic might be easily fooled by spreading groups. Furthermore, spreading groups consisting of a blend of human and computerized bots might be hard to detect. They can be used to manipulate financial markets or political campaigns.

Originality/value
The paper demonstrates an anomaly in Twitter that was not studied before. It proposes a novel approach to spreading messages in social networks. The methods presented in the paper are valuable for anyone interested in spreading messages or an agenda such as political actors or other agenda enthusiasts. While social bots have been widely studied, their synchronization to increase the spread is novel.
Promoting employee job crafting at work: the roles of motivation and team context
Authors: Lee Jeong Won , Song Youjeong 
Published: December 2019

PurposeDespite receiving much attention in recent job design literature, job crafting research has neglected motivational and multilevel perspectives, limiting the understanding of how to foster employee job crafting. Drawing on job crafting and self-determination theory, the purpose of this paper is to explore individual- and team-level predictors and the mechanisms involved in employees’ job change behaviors. The authors propose that employees’ intrinsic motivation and two team-level properties – team knowledge sharing and trust – have important roles to play.Design/methodology/approachThe multilevel data were collected from 311 employees from 62 work teams in Korean companies. Hierarchical linear modeling analysis was used. A supplementary data collected from 162 individuals working in the USA were used for analysis.FindingsThe results showed that intrinsic motivation and team knowledge sharing are positively related to job crafting. In addition, intrinsic motivation mediated the relationship between team knowledge and individual job crafting. Finally, team trust was shown to play a cross-level moderating role, strengthening the positive relationship between employees’ intrinsic motivation and job crafting.Originality/valueApplying motivational and multilevel perspectives, this paper uncovers the roles of individual motivation and team context in fostering employee job crafting. This study helps to extend the theoretical domains of job crafting and provides practical insights into how to promote employees’ job crafting.
Low-cost bus business models and the case of Brazil
Authors: Marx Roberto , Magalhães Pedro Siqueira de , Lara Felipe Ferreira de 
Published: December 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to identify low-costbus business models from different parts of the world and check their applicability in the Brazilian market. It also identifies crucial factors for the development of that kind of business and investigates the relationship between low-cost buses and other modes of transport. This research analyzes every relevant aspect to the applicability of low-cost business models in Brazil, driving to discussions and conclusions. The gains on the development of low-cost bus systems in Brazil may have a wide reach, from personal to general public benefits.

Design/methodology/approach
Business models for low-cost bus systems are used to analyze in a qualitative approach. The data are collected through semi-structured interviews, direct observations and documental basis. In addition, innovations over the previous five years are evaluated in order to establish a comparative pattern between companies.

Findings
There is a great potential in the Brazilian passenger market for the entrance of low-cost bus companies. The only question is just when it is the right time to enter that market. Most of the negative points presented for the implementation of a low-cost company are related to the current economical and political crisis in Brazil. It was identified as a potential cause for the overall decrease of the passengers market in recent years, and specifically of the bus passengers market.

Originality/value
The recent regulation changes, the high demand for passengers and even the similarity of possible routes in Brazil to the ones in Europe and in the USA make Brazil a fertile soil for the development of that kind of business. A similar price mechanism to the ones applied worldwide was also identified as doable in Brazil.
Adipose‐derived stromal/stem cells successfully attenuate the fibrosis of scleroderma mouse models
Authors: Okamura Ai , Matsushita Takashi , Komuro Akito , Kobayashi Tadahiro , Maeda Shintaro , Hamaguchi Yasuhito , Takehara Kazuhiko 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAimSystemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune disease characterized by skin and lung fibrosis. Although SSc has a high mortality risk, an effective treatment for the disease has not been established yet. Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) are multipotential nonhematopoietic progenitor cells that have the ability to regulate immune responses. Adipose‐derived stromal/stem cells (ASCs), one of the types of MSCs, have the advantage of accessibility and potent immunomodulatory effects when compared with other MSCs, such as bone marrow‐derived MSCs. This study aimed to investigate the antifibrotic effect of ASCs in scleroderma mouse models, including bleomycin‐induced scleroderma and sclerodermatous chronic graft‐versus‐host disease (Scl‐cGVHD) models.MethodASCs were intravenously administered to a bleomycin‐induced scleroderma or Scl‐cGVHD model on day 0. We compared the skin and lung fibrosis of scleroderma model mice between the ASC‐treated group and control group.ResultsAdministration of ASCs attenuated the skin and lung fibrosis of bleomycin‐induced scleroderma and Scl‐cGVHD model mice compared to that in the control mice. Immunohistochemical staining showed that ASCs suppressed the infiltration of CD4+, CD8+ T cells and macrophages into the dermis of bleomycin model mice compared to that in control mice. In addition, ASCs attenuated the messenger RNA expression of collagen and fibrogenic cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)‐6 and IL‐13, in the skin of bleomycin model mice. ASCs also reduced the frequency of fibrogenic cytokine‐producing CD4+ T cells and effector B cells in the spleen of bleomycin model mice.ConclusionASCs could prove to be a potential therapeutic agent for use in patients with SSc.
Mini flash crashes: Review, taxonomy and policy responses
Authors: Laly Floris , Petitjean Mikael 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWe focus on extreme price movements known as mini flash crashes (MFCs). After reviewing the literature, we provide a taxonomy based on a sample of MFCs identified by Nanex on the U.S. financial markets over a three‐year period. We detect significant differences between crashes and exchanges. In comparison to ‘up crashes’, we find that ‘down crashes’ exhibit lower absolute returns but have longer duration. We also show that the dynamics of MCFs varies across exchanges. For example, the MFCs on ARCA are on average both less severe and shorter in duration than those on the NASDAQ. We finally review all the key implications of MCFs in terms of public policy.
Donor history of malignancy: A limited risk for heart transplant recipients
Authors: Rudasill Sarah E. , Iyengar Amit , Sanaiha Yas , Khoury Habib , Mardock Alexandra L. , Sareh Sohail , Benharash Peyman 
Published: December 2019

AbstractOrgan donor contraindications are frequently reassessed for impact on recipient outcomes in attempt to meet demand for transplantation. This study retrospectively analyzed the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) registry for adult heart transplants from 1987 to September 2016 to characterize the impact of donor malignancy history in heart transplantation. Kaplan‐Meier estimates illustrated 10‐year survival. Propensity score matching was utilized for 1:1 matching of donors with and without history of malignancy, and Cox proportional hazards and logistic regressions were used to analyze the matched population. Of 38 781 heart transplants, 622 (1.6%) had a donor history of malignancy. Cox regressions demonstrated that donor malignancy predicted increased 10‐year mortality (HR = 1.16 [1.01‐1.33]), but this difference did not persist when conditioned upon 1 year post‐transplant survival (log‐rank = 0.643). Cox regressions of the propensity score‐matched population (455 pairs) found no association between donor malignancy and 10‐year mortality (HR = 1.02 [0.84‐1.24]). Older age and higher rates of hypertension were observed in donors with a history of malignancy whose recipients died within the first year post‐transplant. Therefore, increased recipient mortality is likely due to donor characteristics beyond malignancy, creating the potential for expanded donor selection.
Comparison of 3D‐assisted surgery and conservative methods for treatment of type III fractures of the distal phalanx in horses
Authors: Heer C. , Fürst A. E. , Del Chicca F. , Jackson M. A. 
Published: December 2019

SummaryThe aim of this retrospective study was to compare the outcome of conservative methods and 3D‐assisted surgery for treatment of type III fractures of the distal phalanx with regard to recovery time and the development of osteoarthritis (OA) in the distal interphalangeal joint (DIPJ). The medical records of all horses with type III fracture of the distal phalanx referred to the Equine Department, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, between 1992 and 2016 were reviewed. The severity of lameness at initial examination, radiographic evaluation, treatment (conservative, group A; 3D‐assisted surgery, group B), complications, outcome and recovery time were determined. Follow‐up examinations included clinical and radiographic examinations. Of 33 horses, 15 received conservative treatment and 18 underwent surgery. Eleven of the 15 (73.3%) horses in group A returned to their intended use and four were subjected to euthanasia or remained chronically lame. The median recovery time was 240 days (95% CI, 180–374). Thirteen of 15 (86.7%) horses developed OA of the DIPJ within 5 months of the fracture. In group B, 16 of 17 (94.1%) horses returned to their intended use, one horse remained chronically lame, and one horse was subjected to euthanasia because of unrelated reasons. The median recovery time was 139 days (95% CI, 120–270), and seven horses (38.9%) developed OA of the DIPJ within 5 months of the fracture. Overall, the screws had to be removed in five fluoroscopic‐assisted surgery cases (three because of implant infection and two because of severe lameness), in one computer‐assisted surgery case due to severe lameness and in one computed tomography‐assisted surgery case because of implant infection. In conclusion, there was no significant difference in time for recovery of type III fractures of the distal phalanx between the two groups, but surgical treatment led to significantly fewer cases of OA in the DIPJ as determined by subjective radiographic evaluation (P = 0.015).