bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Capillary electrophoretic methods for quality control analyses of pharmaceuticals: A review
Authors: Řemínek Roman , Foret František 
Published: September 2020

AbstractCapillary electrophoresis represents a promising technique in the field of pharmaceutical analysis. The presented review provides a summary of capillary electrophoretic methods suitable for routine quality control analyses of small molecule drugs published since 2015. In total, more than 80 discussed methods are sorted into three main sections according to the applied electroseparation modes (capillary zone electrophoresis, electrokinetic chromatography, and micellar, microemulsion, and liposome‐electrokinetic chromatography) and further subsections according to the applied detection techniques (UV, capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection, and mass spectrometry). Key parameters of the procedures are summarized in four concise tables. The presented applications cover analyses of active pharmaceutical ingredients and their related substances such as degradation products or enantiomeric impurities. The contribution of reported results to the current knowledge of separation science and general aspects of the practical applications of capillary electrophoretic methods are also discussed.
Understanding the oxygen evolution activity trend in Co2Fe LDH‐N doped graphene hybrids
Authors: Mohapatra Biswaranjan D. , Hota Ipsha , Mantry Swarna P. , Behera Nibedita , Parhi Purnendu , Varadwaj Kumar S. K. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe report the electrocatalytic activity of nanosized Co2Fe‐layered double hydroxide (LDH) on nitrogen doped graphene (NG) hybrid materials toward oxygen evolution reaction (OER). An enhanced activity trend was observed with increase in amount of LDH in the hybrid. The highest activity in terms of onset potential (1.48 V), Ej=10 (1.54 V), and Tafel slope (61 mV/dec) was observed for 75 wt% LDH, which is better than pristine LDH and the state of art RuO2. The origin of activity enhancement in the hybrids was correlated with different electrochemical parameters and physical properties of the constituents. In earlier reports, generally the decrease in charge transfer resistance (RCT) at the electrode electrolyte interface was correlated with increase in OER activity. However, in case of LDH‐NG hybrids, a completely opposite trend was observed. The TGA and XRD results showed that higher amount of LDH loading inhibits the NG stacking. The hydrophilic property of LDH, uniform distribution of LDH on NG without agglomeration, and inhibition of NG stacking were proposed to be the reason behind the observed trend in activity.
Dual‐band bandpass filter using two simple coupled microstrip rings
Authors: Xu Jiashuai , Xu Kai‐Da , Zhang Miao , Chen Qiang 
Published: September 2020

AbstractA new dual‐band bandpass filter (BPF) using two very simple coupled microstrip rings is proposed in this paper. The two identical 3λg/2 microstrip rings are coupled each other with λg/2 coupled length, resulting in the generation of dual frequency bands with multiple transmission zeros (TZs). Theoretical deduction is presented to verify the proposed structure. The center frequencies and bandwidths of the two passbands can be tuned by controlling the impedance parameters of the microstrip rings. For demonstration, a prototype example of this dual‐band BPF is fabricated and characterized. The measured results show that it has high selectivity and great return losses of passbands with multiple TZs at the stopband.
Early failure detection of paper manufacturing machinery using nearest neighbor‐based feature extraction
Authors: Lee Wonjae , Seo Kangwon 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn a paper manufacturing system, it is substantially important to detect machine failure before it occurs and take necessary maintenance actions to prevent an unexpected breakdown of the system. Multiple sensor data collected from a machine provides useful information on the system's health condition. However, it is hard to predict the system condition ahead of time due to the lack of clear ominous signs for future failures, a rare occurrence of failure events, and a wide range of sensor signals which might be correlated with each other. We present two versions of feature extraction techniques based on the nearest neighbor combined with machine learning algorithms to detect a failure of the paper manufacturing machinery earlier than its occurrence from the multistream system monitoring data. First, for each sensor stream, the time series data is transformed into the binary form by extracting the class label of the nearest neighbor. We feed these transformed features into the decision tree classifier for the failure classification. Second, expanding the idea, the relative distance to the local nearest neighbor has been measured, results in the real‐valued feature, and the support vector machine is used as a classifier. Our proposed algorithms are applied to the dataset provided by Institute of Industrial and Systems Engineers 2019 data competition, and the results show better performance than other state‐of‐the‐art machine learning techniques.
Study on fire smoke flow characteristics in the ventilation network and linkage control system in coal mines
Authors: Wang Kai , Hao Haiqing , Jiang Shuguang , Wu Zhengyan , Cai Weiyao , Wang Ziting 
Published: September 2020

SummaryIn coal mining, smoke flow from tunnel fires can easily cause a large number of deaths in the ventilation network. But the optimal smoke flow path control methods and automatic control system were lacked. In order to improve the efficiency of fire emergency rescue, the control mechanism and regional linkage control system for fire induced smoke flow in ventilation network was studied. Based on a ventilation system in coal mines, different fire scenarios for smoke flow were analysed using ventilation simulation software (VSS). Smoke flow control methods were simulated under different ventilation modes, a contrastive analysis was conducted for the respective effects and the optimal smoke flow path control methods were confirmed in different fire scenarios. A new type of ventilation facility, regional monitoring sub‐stations and remote linkage control platforms were developed for smoke control. A reliability evaluation model for the control system was established by Bayesian network. The failure of the linkage control is 98.9%, the monitoring sub‐station is 64.4%, the sub‐station communication is 43.9%; thus, a double insurance of the control process must be realised. Since its application, the proposed regional linkage control system has been repeatedly tested through fire drills, and good results have been obtained.
Alleviative effect of Ruellia tuberosa L. on NAFLD and hepatic lipid accumulation via modulating hepatic de novo lipogenesis in high‐fat diet plus streptozotocin‐induced diabetic rats
Authors: Huang Da‐Wei , Lo Yangming Martin , Chang Wen‐Chang , Lin Chia‐Yu , Chen Jou‐An , Wu James Swi‐Bea , Huang Wen‐Chung , Shen Szu‐Chuan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractRuellia tuberosa L. (RTL) exhibits phytochemical activities and has been used as a folk medicine for curing diabetes mellitus in East Asia for decades. This study investigated the effect of RTL aqueous and ethanolic extracts on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and hepatic lipid accumulation in high‐fat diet (HFD) and streptozotocin (STZ)‐induced type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rats. Administration of RTL aqueous extract (RTLW) or ethanolic extract (RTLE) at dosage of 100 or 400 mg/kg body weight for 4 weeks was carried out in HFD/STZ‐induced T2DM rats. Liver weight, adipose (epididymal and perirenal adipose tissues) weight, hepatic triglyceride level, and de novo lipogenesis (DNL)‐associated protein expression were monitored after scarification. The results revealed that RTLW and RTLE reduced relative liver weight and relative fat weights in HFD/STZ‐induced T2DM rats. RTLW and RTLE also ameliorated NAFLD and hepatic triglyceride (TG) accumulation in diabetic rats. Moreover, hepatic DNL‐regulated enzymes such as sterol regulatory element‐binding protein‐1 (SREBP1) and fatty acid synthase (FAS) expression were significantly suppressed by RTLE (100 and 400 mg/kg body weight) in diabetic rats. The evidences of this study suggest that RTL possesses potential on alleviating NAFLD and lipid accumulation via regulating DNL in the liver of HFD/STZ‐induced T2DM rats.
Visualization of Liquid Reaction in Submerged Top‐blow Agitation Process▴
Authors: Zhang X. , Wu J. , Zhang H. , Ding W. , Zhang J. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe liquid reaction in a submerged top‐blow agitation process was studied using planar laser‐induced fluorescence (PLIF) technology based on the principle of fluorescence quenching. The liquid reaction effects were analyzed using the reaction degree θ (t) and reaction time t95 under different conditions. The results show that the liquid reaction time decreases obviously for an increase in the air flow rate and submerged depth of the spray gun. The injection position of Fe3+ has a great influence on the reaction process; the reaction process is also different under other blowing conditions when Fe3+ is injected at the bottom. The reaction time of Fe3+ at the bottom injection position is higher than that at the top injection position; increasing the air flow rate and submerged depth of the spray gun can effectively reduce the difference in the reaction times at the two injection points. The effect of the injection position on the reaction time is eliminated when the spray gun submerged depth is close to the reactor bottom. The initial volume of Fe3+ has no obvious effect on the reaction time; however, an increase in the initial molarity of Fe3+ can decrease the reaction time.
Visualization Research of Nonpremixed Biodiesel/Air Jet Flames Unstable Combustion Process▴
Authors: Liu F. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBased on the image processing technology and the largest Lyapunov exponent, this paper proposes a novel method for quantitative characterization of flame images to reflect flame instability in combustion chamber. The best threshold is obtained by an iterative method of red component to separation flame region. The combustion index is defined as the ratio of proportion of flame pixels to gray standard deviation of flame region for characterization spatial distribution of flame. Unsteady motions of the flames are characterized by the nonlinear time series of combustion index and largest Lyapunov exponent. Results show that the linear relation between combustion index and largest Lyapunov exponent are noticeable with a correlation coefficient of 0.7874 under same work condition. With quantitative research for the relationship between chaos and combustion state, The largest Lyapunov exponent not only can judge whether the flame is nonchaotic or chaotic, the value of it also reflected the combustion state, the chaometry.
Performance Analysis of Solar Organic Rankine Cycle with Stable Output Using Cyclopentane/Cyclohexane Mixtures▴
Authors: Yan Y. L. , Zhang S. Y. , Ge Z. , Xie Z. Y. , Huang G. D. , Yuan Z. P. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractKeeping output stable is necessary for solar organic rankine cycle (SORC) considering variable solar irradiation conditions. In this study, zeotropic mixtures are introduced into SORC with stable output. Evaporation pressure and turbine inlet temperature are optimized with the overall system efficiency as optimization objective. Comparisons are drawn between the basic SORC and regenerative SORC. The influences of zeotropic mixture composition on the overall system efficiency, ORC efficiency, heat source outlet temperature, mass flow rate of heat source and working fluids and temperature rise of internal heat exchanger (IHE) are analyzed. The results show that zeotropic mixtures can slightly increase the overall system efficiency of the basic SORC system compared with the optimal pure working fluid system, but for the regenerative SORC system, the optimal overall system efficiency is higher when pure cyclohexane is used. When cyclopentane mole fraction is 0.4, the overall system efficiency of the basic SORC system reaches maximal value of 16.08%, which is 0.12% higher than for the optimal pure working fluids system, relatively. Under the optimum conditions, the optimal overall system efficiency of the regenerative SORC system is 52.11% higher than that of the basic SORC system.
Identifying disturbance in archaeological sites in tropical northern Australia: Implications for previously proposed 65,000‐year continental occupation date
Authors: Williams Martin A. J. , Spooner Nigel A. , McDonnell Kathryn , O'Connell James F. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe stratigraphic integrity of archaeological deposits in the seasonally wet tropics can be disrupted by termite activity and other processes. Significant questions have been raised about the surprisingly old age estimates for artefacts recovered from two sites in northern Australia: Nauwalabila and Madjedbebe. If accurate, a 65,000‐year date for the latter would represent a 30% increase in the currently accepted length of human occupation of the continent. The oldest estimate for Nauwalabila falls just short of that. These dates would have important implications for human dispersal across Eurasia in the Late Pleistocene. No other data from Australia support them. Smith et al. (2020) claim to refute the notion that termite disturbance accounts for these anomalies. Here we show that the criteria on which the assertion is based are invalid. Radiocarbon data from both sites, not cited by Smith et al. (2020), are consistent with the termite‐disturbance hypothesis. Luminescence data claimed to offer strong support for the early Madjedbebe estimate are also consistent with termite disruption. We conclude that the early dates for human presence at Madjedbebe and Nauwalabila must be rejected along with any chronometric inference about human behaviour to the degree it relies on them.
Heritage conservation hazard in archaeological sites in Santa María Valley (NW Argentina): A geoarchaeological approach
Authors: Sampietro‐Vattuone María M. , Peña‐Monné José L. , Vattuone Marta A. , Medina Paula L. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAlluvial fans are typical geomorphic features of arid and semiarid mountain areas. Most archaeological sites in Santa María valley (NW Argentina) are located on this kind of landform. The aims of this paper are to describe the geomorphological context and assess the state of conservation of four archaeological sites on the piedmont of Sierra de Quilmes (NW Argentina) from a geoarchaeological perspective; to diagnose the geomorphological processes affecting the sites over the last 50 years; to assess their vulnerability and conservation hazard; and to propose some corrective measures. By mapping with remote sensors (e.g., drones, aerial photographs, and satellite images) and conducting field surveys, we found that most archaeological sites are set on the H1 and H2 units of the alluvial fans. and that their geomorphological dynamic has increased in the last 50 years. The main active processes are debris flows, overflows, and mudflows, accompanied by the development of rills, sheetflood, and aeolian deflation. Human impact is also severe. The four sites need mitigation measures and a structured management plan. To date, no studies of this kind have been done rin the region, although one of the sites has been partially reconstructed for touristic purposes.
Astroglial FMRP modulates synaptic signaling and behavior phenotypes in FXS mouse model
Authors: Jin Shan‐Xue , Higashimori Haruki , Schin Christina , Tamashiro Alessandra , Men Yuqin , Chiang Ming Sum R , Jarvis Rachel , Cox Dan , Feig Larry , Yang Yongjie 
Published: September 2020

AbstractFragile X syndrome (FXS) is one of the most common inherited intellectual disability (ID) disorders, in which the loss of FMRP protein induces a range of cellular signaling changes primarily through excess protein synthesis. Although neuron‐centered molecular and cellular events underlying FXS have been characterized, how different CNS cell types are involved in typical FXS synaptic signaling changes and behavioral phenotypes is largely unknown. Recent evidence suggests that selective loss of astroglial FMRP is able to dysregulate glutamate uptake, increase spine density, and impair motor‐skill learning. Here we investigated the effect of astroglial FMRP on synaptic signaling and FXS‐related behavioral and learning phenotypes in astroglial Fmr1 cKO and cON mice in which FMRP expression is selectively diminished or restored in astroglia. We found that selective loss of astroglial FMRP contributes to cortical hyperexcitability by enhancing NMDAR‐mediated evoked but not spontaneous miniEPSCs and elongating cortical UP state duration. Selective loss of astroglial FMRP is also sufficient to increase locomotor hyperactivity, significantly diminish social novelty preference, and induce memory acquisition and extinction deficits in astroglial Fmr1 cKO mice. Importantly, re‐expression of astroglial FMRP is able to significantly rescue the hyperactivity (evoked NMDAR response, UP state duration, and open field test) and social novelty preference in astroglial Fmr1 cON mice. These results demonstrate a profound role of astroglial FMRP in the evoked synaptic signaling, spontaneously occurring cortical UP states, and FXS‐related behavioral and learning phenotypes and provide important new insights in the cell type consideration for the FMRP reactivation strategy.
Hepatocyte Mitogen‐Activated Protein Kinase Kinase 7 Contributes to Restoration of the Liver Parenchyma Following Injury in Mice
Authors: Ooshio Takako , Yamamoto Masahiro , Fujii Kiyonaga , Xin Bing , Watanabe Kenji , Goto Masanori , Okada Yoko , Suzuki Akira , Penninger Josef M. , Nishina Hiroshi , Nishikawa Yuji 
Published: September 2020

Background and Aims
Mitogen‐activated protein kinase kinase (MKK) 7 and MKK4 are upstream activators of c‐Jun NH2‐terminal kinases (JNKs) and have been shown to be required for the early development of the liver. Although it has been suggested that MKK7 might be involved in the regulation of hepatocyte proliferation, the functional role of MKK7 in the liver has remained unclear.

Approach and Results
Here, we examined phenotypic alterations in liver‐specific or hepatocyte/hematopoietic cell–specific MKK7 knockout (KO) mice, which were generated by crossing MKK7LoxP/LoxP with albumin–cyclization recombination (Alb‐Cre) or myxovirus resistance protein 1–Cre mice, respectively. The livers of Alb‐Cre−/+ MKK7LoxP/LoxP mice developed without discernible tissue disorganization. MKK7 KO mice responded normally to liver injuries incurred by partial hepatectomy or injection of CCl4. However, tissue repair following CCl4‐induced injury was delayed in MKK7 KO mice compared with that of control mice. Furthermore, after repeated injections of CCl4 for 8 weeks, the liver in MKK7 KO mice showed intense fibrosis with increased protractive hepatocyte proliferation, suggesting that MKK7 deficiency might affect regenerative responses of hepatocytes in the altered tissue microenvironment. MKK7 KO hepatocytes demonstrated normal proliferative activity when cultured in monolayers. However, MKK7 KO significantly suppressed branching morphogenesis of hepatocyte aggregates within a collagen gel matrix. Microarray analyses revealed that suppression of branching morphogenesis in MKK7 KO hepatocytes was associated with a reduction in mRNA expression of transgelin, glioma pathogenesis related 2, and plasminogen activator urokinase‐type (Plau); and forced expression of these genes in MKK7 KO hepatocytes partially recovered the attenuated morphogenesis. Furthermore, hepatocyte‐specific overexpression of Plau rescued the impaired tissue repair of MKK7 KO mice following CCl4‐induced injury.

Conclusions
MKK7 is dispensable for the regenerative proliferation of hepatocytes but plays important roles in repair processes following parenchymal destruction, possibly through modulation of hepatocyte–extracellular matrix interactions.
Serum Matrix Metalloproteinase 7 Is a Diagnostic Biomarker of Biliary Injury and Fibrosis in Pediatric Autoimmune Liver Disease
Authors: Lam Simon , Singh Ruchi , Dillman Jonathan R. , Trout Andrew T. , Serai Suraj D. , Sharma Divya , Sheridan Rachel , Su Weizhe , Fei Lin , Karns Rebekah , Haramija Marija M. , Ridgway Ged , Goldfinger Marc , Squires James E. , Denson Lee A. , Hyams Jeffery S. , Miethke Alexander G. 
Published: September 2020

In autoimmune liver disease (AILD), including autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), and overlap syndrome of AIH and PSC (ASC), the presence of biliary injury portends a worse prognosis. We studied serum matrix metalloproteinase 7 (sMMP7) as a biomarker for pediatric sclerosing cholangitis (SC). We prospectively enrolled 54 children (median age, 16 years) with AILD (AIH, n = 26; ASC, n = 16; and PSC, n = 12) at our center. The sMMP7 concentrations were higher in patients with SC compared to those without cholangiopathy (P < 0.001). An sMMP7 concentration >23.7 ng/mL had a sensitivity and specificity of 79% and 96%, respectively, and outperformed alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and gamma‐glutamyltransferase (GGT) in segregating patients with SC. Serum concentrations correlated with liver gene expression levels for MMP7 (r = 0.70; P < 0.001). Using immunofluorescence, MMP7 was localized primarily to the cholangiocytes of patients with SC. In 46 subjects with liver biopsy available for blinded review, elevation in sMMP7 concentrations segregated with the presence of lymphocytic and neutrophilic cholangitis and periductal fibrosis and correlated with Ishak, Ludwig, and Nakanuma scoring systems. Liver stiffness measured by magnetic resonance elastography also correlated with sMMP7 concentrations (r = 0.56; P < 0.01). Using magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography plus (MRCP+), sMMP7 in 34 patients correlated with the number of biliary dilatations (r = 0.54; P < 0.01) and strictures (r = 0.56; P < 0.01). MMP7 as a marker of biliary injury was validated in an independent cohort of children with ulcerative colitis. Higher sMMP7 concentrations also correlated with a history of SC‐related complication. Conclusion: MMP7 is a promising biomarker for pediatric SC that diagnostically outperforms ALP and GGT. sMMP7 may directly reflect biliary injury and fibrosis, the main drivers of disease progression in SC.