bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HIF-1α Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Metastasis by Regulating Angiogenesis and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition
Authors: Yao Min , Wang Li , Chen Xiyu , Chen Ying , Yang Jie , Wang Defeng , Wu Wei , yao dengfu 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Invasion and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) still remain to be hard in medical society. However, little knowledge is known regarding the hypoxia impact in HCC with angiogenesis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The aims of this study were to explore the regulating roles of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) in angiogenesis and EMT of HCC. Method: The levels of HIF-1α, angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in a cohort of chronic liver diseases were detected by enzyme- linked immunosorbent assays, and their dynamic up-regulations were confirmed in model of rat hepatocyte malignant transformation. After HIF-1α gene transfected with specific miRNA, biological behaviors of HCC cells were analyzed by transwell or invasion assay; angiogenesis and EMT were analyzed at protein level by Western blot or at mRNA by quantitative real-time PCR. Results: The levels of circulating HIF-1α, VEGF, and Ang-2 in the HCC group (145.6 ± 32.6 μg/L, 458.9 ± 125.3 μg/L, and 42.9 ± 5.1μg/L) were significantly higher (P < 0.001) than those in the LC (79.5 ± 8.4 μg/L, 206.8 ± 56.8 μg/L, and 26.2 ± 6.1 μg/L) or the CH (60.1 ± 18.8 μg/L, 178.1 ± 85.4 μg/L, and 21.8 ± 6.9 μg/L) group, respectively. Dynamic up-regulations of HIF-1α and angiogenic factors have been confirmed by rat model with hepatocyte malignant transformation. There were closely positive correlations (P < 0.001) between them of HIF-1α and VEGF or Ang-2. After HCC cells transfected with specific HIF-1α-miRNA, the levels of HIF-1α, VEGF and Ang-2 expression were significantly down-regulated, with inhibiting infiltration or migration, blockading EMT with increasing E-cadherin and decreasing of snail, twist and vimentin. Conclusions: HIF-1α over-expression could promote the metastasis or invasion of HCC via regulating neovascularization and EMT formation.
miR-9-5p Promotes β-Catenin-Activated Epithelial-To-Mesenchymal Transition of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Via Targeting LZTS2
Authors: Zhang Jie , Zhang Lina , Wang Jianlong , Zhao Jing , Zhao Xuelian , Zhang Chunli , Han Peng , Geng Cuizhi 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Silencing LINC00657 Inhibited the Malignant Biological Behaviors of Glioma by Interaction with PUM2 to Facilitate NANOS3 mRNA Degradation
Authors: Wang Lin , Mei CuiZhu , He Fang , Xu Hao 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Molecular-targeted therapy exerts a crucial influence on the combined treatment of glioma. LncRNA (Long noncoding RNA) exerts an influence on regulating glioma progression. This current study aiming at unveiling the feasible roles and molecular mechanism of LINC00657 in glioma.Methods: Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), Transwell, flow cytometry, RNA pull-down assays, and RNA Immunoprecipitation (RIP) were utilized to elucidate the interactions betwixt LINC00657 and PUM2 (Pumilio RNA binding family member 2). Results: Silenced LINC00657 attenuated the migration and proliferation of glioma cells as well as promoted cell apoptosis. In the meanwhile, LINC00657 downregulation diminished its binding to PUM2, also intensified the binding of NANOS3 mRNA and PUM2, consequently facilitating the degradation of NANOS3 mRNA. In nude mice, the xenograft tumor growth could be remarkably attenuated owing to the silencing of LINC00657 together with the overexpression of PUM2.Conclusions: LINC00657/PUM2/ NANOS3 pathway exerts a crucial influence on modulating the biological behavior of glioma cells.
MiR-21-3p Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression Through Regulating Smad7/Yap1
Authors: Hong Yinghui , Wang Dan , Ye Mingliang , Wang Chun , Luo Jie , Liu Jialiang , Liu Jing , Zhao Qiu , Chang Ying 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BackgroundHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains the global burden due to its high prevalence and mortality. Emerging evidence confirms that microRNAs (miRNAs) play a vital role in cancer initiation and progression. MiRNAs are widely involved in the regulation of signaling pathways by targeting downstream genes. MiR-21-3p as a liver-enriched miRNA has not been fully investigated. Abnormal activation of TGF-β transduction pathway promoted by deletion of Smad7 matters since HCC occurrence. While the relation between miR-21-3p and Smad7 has not yet been confirmed. We aimed to explore the influence of miR-21-3p on HCC initiation and progression by targeting Smad7 and further facilitating the expression of Yap1. Methods MicroRNA (miRNA) microarray analysis was performed for miRNA screening. Dual-luciferase assay was adopted for target verifying. The expressions of miRNA and related genes were quantified by qRT-PCR, western blotting, and immunohistochemical staining. Flow cytometry and transwell assay were used to discover cell apoptosis, invasion and metastasis abilities. Rat models were established to explore the axis's role in hepatocarcinogenesis. Bioinformatics analysis was performed for analyzing clinical significance. Results ­ MiR-21-3p was significantly increased in HCC, indicating a poor overall survival (OS) rate. High miR-21-3p was associated with advanced stages (P=0.029), especially T stages (P=0.026). Low Smad7/high Yap1 was verified in HCCs and rat models. Smad7 was proved to be the direct target of miR-21-3p. MiR-21-3p's effect on tumor malignant phenotypes and promotion of Yap1 could be partly reversed through transfecting Smad7. Overexpressed Yap1 promoted the downstream effector connective tissue growth factor (CTGF). Co-survival analysis indicated that lower miR-21-3p/higher Smad7 (P=0.0494) and lower miR-21-3p/lower Yap1 group (P=0.0379) patients had better OS rates. GSVA analysis of miR-21-3p and Smad7 related gene sets displayed strong relation with TGF-β signaling pathway in HCC. Conclusions MiR-21-3p promotes HCC migration and invasion via directly inhibiting Smad7 and further improving the expression of Yap1.
Quantitative LC-MS/MS Uncovers The Regulatory Role of Autophagy in Immune Thrombocytopenia
Authors: Sun Rui-Jie , Yuan Dai , Yin Dong-mei , Liu Shu-yan , Zhu Jing-jing , Shan Ningning 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune haemorrhagic disease whose pathogenesis is associated with bone marrow megakaryocyte maturation disorder and microenvironment destruction of haematopoietic stem cells.Method: In this study, we report the qualitative and quantitative profile of the proteome in ITP. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was conducted to detect the protein profiles in clinical bone marrow mononuclear cell (BMMC) samples from ITP patients and healthy volunteers (controls). Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia Genes and Genome (KEGG) pathway analyses were performed for the annotation of differentially expressed proteins. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed with the BLAST online database. Target proteins associated with autophagy were quantitatively identified by parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) analysis.Results: Our approaches showed that of the differentially expressed autophagy-related proteins, namely, HSPA8, PARK7, YWHAH, ITGB3 and CSF1R, were the most changed. The expression of the CSF1R protein in ITP patients was higher than that in controls, while the expression of other autophagy-related proteins was lower in ITP patients than in controls.Conclusion: Bioinformatics analysis indicated that the abnormal autophagy pathway is a potential pathological mechanism of ITP. These results can provide a new direction for exploring the molecular mechanism of ITP.
Relationship Between Physical Activity and Physical Fitness in Obese, Insulin-Dependent Diabetics with Hypertension
Authors: Krzysztoszek Jana , Maciaszek Janusz , Bronikowski Michał , Karasiewicz Monika , Laudańska-Krzemińska Ida 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Several recent studies have reported significantly larger declines in relative physical fitness (PF) of patients with diabetes (DM) versus those without diabetes. In our study, we set out to establish that the presence of DM in obese patients with hypertension (HT) is linked to a significant decrease in physical activity (PA), and also to PF which is important for ensuring mobility, independence at an elderly age, and efficiency in everyday life. We also sought to demonstrate the protective role of PA and PF, and to show that more attention must be paid to the importance of both PA and PF in prevention and therapy of non-communicable diseases. The study assessed the relationships between the current level of PA and PA in childhood and the level of PF of obese people aged 40+ with co-existing HT.Methods: The study included 82 obese patients with co-existing HT in their history. In order to assess the level of PA we used the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). PF was assessed by observing the performance of patients in seven selected tasks (Fitness Test): 30 Second Chair Stand, Handgrip Strength Test, Sit-and-Reach Test, One Leg Stand Test, Plank Test, Wall Squat Test, and 2-Minute Step-in-Place Test.Results: There was a significant differentiation in the amount of MET-min./week obtained for particular activities (vigorous, moderate, walking) by men (p=0.048) with significant grater amount of vigorous activity than moderate activity (p=0.024). When subjects were classified according to their IPAQ questionnaire category, 24.4% were classified as having a high level of PA, 45.1% a sufficient level, and 30.5% an insufficient level of PA. We noted that the higher the level of PA, the higher the PF – even in obese participants with HT. On the other hand, co-existing diabetes lowers almost all analyzed parameters, both biochemical and fitness ones. Conclusions: The analysed PF is probably not related directly to obesity of the participants or coexisting HT. On the other hand, the current PA level, the deficiency of which seems to be related to low PF and/or HT do seem to be related to the degree of PF.
Analysis of the Space and Time Distribution of Syphilis in Brazil: Cases of Acquired Syphilis From 2010-2018 and Congenital and Syphilis in Pregnant Women From 2001-2017
Authors: Silva Ângelo Antônio Oliveira , Leony Leonardo Maia , Souza Wayner Vieira de , Freitas Natália Erdens Maron de , Daltro Ramona Tavares , Santos Emily Ferreira dos , Vasconcelos Larissa de Carvalho Medrado , Grassi Maria Fernanda Rios , Regis-Silva Carlos Gustavo , Santos Fred Luciano Neves 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background. In Brazil, the notification of acquired syphilis (AS), congenital syphilis (CS) and syphilis in pregnant women (SiP) is compulsory. Notification data provided by the Ministry of Health (MoH) in combination with the mapping of vulnerable geographic areas is essential to forecasting possible outbreaks and more effectively combating infection through monitoring. We aim evaluated the space and time distribution of reported cases of CS and SiP in Brazil (2001 to 2017), as well as an estimation of cases of AS (2010 to 2018). Methods. A retrospective ecological study was carried out using secondary surveillance data obtained from the Brazilian National Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN) database, considering all reported cases of CS and SiP between 2002 to 2017, as well as MoH epidemiological bulletin data regarding cases of AS between 2010 to 2018. Epidemiological characteristics and time trends were analyzed using joinpoint regression models and spatial distribution (three-year moving averages), considering microregions or states/macroregions as units of analysis. Results. A total of 188,630 (5.4/100,000) CS, 235,895 SiP (6.3/100,000) and 479,731 cases of AS (27.4/100,000) were reported during the periods studied. The epidemiological profile of Brazil indicates most reported CS cases occurred among ‘mixed-race’ newborns who were diagnosed within seven days after birth and whose mothers had received prenatal care. Regarding SiP, most cases were among women who self-reported ‘mixed-race’, were aged 20-39 years, had up to eight years of formal education and were diagnosed with primary or latent syphilis. Overall, rates of AS rose around 400% from 2010 to 2018. Nearly all microregions reported at least one case of CS and SiP. From 2012 to 2016, CS cases increased significantly in almost all Brazilian states, most notably in the South, Southeast, and Central-West macroregions, from 2001-2018 and the relative risk of SiP increased around 4,000%. Conclusions. Considering the epidemiological scenario of the infection in Brazil, it is necessary to enhance preventive, control and eradication measures.
Level of Infectiousness and Associated Factors Among Bacteriologically Confirmed Pulmonary Drug-resistant Tuberculosis Patients Registered for Treatment in Ethiopia: A Seven-year Data
Authors: Kassa Getahun Molla , Merid Mehari Woldemariam , Muluneh Atalay Goshu , Fentie Dawit Tefera 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: The infectiousness of DR-TB is mainly determined by the sputum tuberculosis bacilliary load of the patient. However, evidence on DR-TB sputum smear grading and its factors in the study setting is limited. This study was aimed to assess the sputum smear grading and associated factors among DR-TB patients in Amhara regional state, Ethiopia.Methods: This was an institution based cross-sectional study on 520 bacteriological confirmed pulmonary DR-TB patients from September 2010 to December 2017 in the Amhara region Ethiopia. Epidata 4.2.00 and SPSS 20 were used for data entry and management, respectively. Ordinary logistic regression was fitted. A cut of p-value less than 0.05 in the multivariable ordinary logistic regression was considered to declare statistically significant variables.Results: Of all 520 bacteriological confirmed pulmonary DR-TB patients; 34.42% had 3+, 15.77% had 2+, 18.27% had 1+, 15.19% had scanty, and 16.35% had negative sputum smear grading results. The odds of having higher sputum smear grades were significantly associated with the patient's educational status of secondary (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR)=0.43, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 0.21, 0.89), body mass index of 16 to 18.49 kg/m2 (AOR=1.81, 95%CI: 1.16, 2.84), and TB treatment history of two and more times (AOR=1.78, 95%CI: 1.24, 2.55).Conclusions: More than a third of the bacteriological confirmed pulmonary DR-TB patients in the study setting was highly infectious with the highest bacillary load. The odds of having a high bacillary load were significantly associated with the patient's TB treatment history, nutritional, and educational status.
Knowledge and Perception on Hearing Loss, Hearing Management Modalities, Speech and Language Pathology among General Public in Al-Khobar, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Zabeeri Najwa , AlNaimi Shaykhah Nasser , AlNoaimi Dinah Abdulhadi , Bamousa Reema Mohammed , Alassaf Maha Abdualaziz , AlOtaibi Rawan Obaid , AlZahrani Nora Mohammad , AbuRuz Mohannad Eid 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Hearing loss is considered a disability that hugely impacts the quality of life for 466 million people worldwide. The aim of the study was to assess the level of knowledge and perception on hearing loss, speech and language pathology, and to identify the effect of public educational campaign as an intervention to raise awareness among general public. Methods: A repeated measure designed-study was conducted during 2019 in Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia. To collect the data, an electronic questionnaire was randomly distributed targeting all adult visitors of the campaign including adults with no medical background. A total of 330 participants, filled the questionnaire twice; before and after the intervention. Any p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The overall mean score of hearing loss was 5.43± 1.78 out of 11 points and higher awareness score toward hearing loss was significantly more after interventions (P<0.001). For the awareness of ear and hearing management, the overall awareness score was 9.57± (1.96 out of 13 points and the awareness toward ear and hearing management was also significantly more after interventions (P<0.001). In the awareness toward speech development, the total awareness score was 2.92±0.98 out of 5 points and the awareness toward speech development was significantly higher at after interventions (P<0.001). These results indicated that the answers after the intervention were significantly influenced by the campaign compared to the answers before the intervention. Conclusion: Although the participants had some level of knowledge before intervening with an educational campaign, the intervention showed a significant improvement in their level of knowledge. Therefore, this study recommends the implication of more interventional educational campaigns to increase the awareness amongst general public in Saudi Arabia.
Sodium Alginate as Treatment for Penetrating Abdominal Trauma- Feasibility Study.
Authors: Barsky Daniel , Ya'acov Ami Ben , Avraham Linn Wagnert , Nachman Dean , Eisenkraft Arik , Mintz Yoav , Shteyer Eyal 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Introduction: Penetrating abdominal injury is a major cause of death in trauma. It may cause hypovolemia leading to tissue hypoperfusion, direct organ damage and cytokine activation that cause inflammatory damage, all of which lead to death. Alginate is a natural anionic polysaccharide typically derived from brown algae. Sodium alginate hydrogel, a hemostatic agent, offers a platform for targeting both mechanical and biological injuries. The current study assessed the effect of a sodium alginate denoted VLVG (Very Low Viscosity (high) G alginate) following abdominal trauma in a swine model of penetrating abdominal injury. Methods: Seven anesthetized pigs were instrumented with catheters and abdominal trauma was introduced by laparoscopic hepatectomy. Ten minutes after the induction of hypovolemic shock, three animals were intra-abdominally administered with VLVG and four animals with saline (controls). During 8h of continuous monitoring, various hemodynamic and biochemical variables were measured and liver biopsies for histological evaluation were taken. In order to compare the study group to the control in a specific time a-parametric Mann-Whitney test was used, assessment of tendency during time Friedman's test for a-parametric variables was used. In order to compare the effect of the treatment (i.e. normal saline VS VLVG alginate) repeated measures ANOVA model was used, and the p value was calculated based on the Greenhouse-Geiser test. This research was approved by the Hebrew University of Jerusalem ethics Committee number: MD16148533. Results: VLVG-treated animals were more hemodynamically stable vs controls as reflected by their lower heart rate and higher blood pressure. They also had lower levels of liver enzymes and lactate and tissue damage. Conclusions: Our results in this pilot abdominal injury model show that VLVG might be a promising new agent. The superior hemostatic and biocompatibility efficiency along with its tissue preserving properties may turn VLVG in the future to a device that could be used in the pre-hospital setting to improve survival of abdominal trauma injuries.
Distinguishing Three Classes of Androgenetic Alopecia based on Concerns in Youth: Latent Class Analysis of a Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: CHANCHEEWA BUSSABONG , KERR STEPHEN , NIMNUAN CHAICHANA , ASAWANONDA PRAVIT , PHADUNGSAKSAWASDI KOBPAT 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: While androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a common condition, the concerns of youth about this condition, and how these concerns influence quality of life, personal well-being and health behaviour have been not been thoroughly investigated.Methods: Thai youth were asked to complete an AGA-related questionnaire including the dermatology life quality index, to assess their concerns and the clinical relevance. Latent class analysis was used for data analysis.Results: Data from 278 youth were collected. The mean participant age was 22 years (SD=0.79), and 57% of the participants were men; 94.6% of the participants reported any hair loss, mostly in the AGA severity of grade 1-2. A three-class model showed the best fit. Latent class 1 (LC1) participants (58%) had the lowest probabilities of concerns regarding AGA. LC2 participants (22%) had a generally low probabilities of AGA concerns, except when they were flirting, when they were with their lover and regarding how their hair looked when they were photographed. LC3 participants (20%) were the most concerned about AGA in all aspects. Compared with LC1 participants, LC3 participants were more often to use more than 3 hair styling products (relative risk, 6.7;1.5-29.6;P=0.013) and their AGA severity was more severe in both males (relative risk, 3.2;1.1-8.9;P=0.023) and females (relative risk,10.2; 3.3-31.0;P=<0.001).Conclusions: Youths who are more worried about AGA experience higher AGA severity and poorer quality of life, and are more likely to use multiple hair styling products.
Relationship Between Body Mass Index and Trauma Causing Knee Injury Associated With Popliteal Artery Injury. Monocentric Experience in a High Volume Surgery Center
Authors: Marchetti Andrea Ascoli , Naldi Valerio , Potenza Vito , Oddi Fabio Massimo , Maio Fernando De , Ciattaglia Riccardo , Farsetti Pasquale , Ippoliti Arnaldo 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Osteoarticular traumas are particularly dangerous among arterial traumas, those associated with the popliteal artery are associated with a high amputation rate. Despite representing a minority of arterial traumas, with an incidence that considerably varies by population and geographic location, traumatic lesions of the popliteal artery are a challenge. This study aimed to verify the impact of Body Mass Index (BMI) on arterial trauma damage and outcome. Methods: Data were retrospectively collected from the emergency and operating rooms’ electronic medical reports at our Institution between 1 January 2005 and 1 May 2018 of all osteoarticular and vascular associated lesion. 41 pts presented with lower limb arterial trauma (43.2%), and popliteal artery lesions occurred in 11 (26.8%). 11 patients were eligible for inclusion in the study. In addition, the lesion mechanism was dislocation by high-velocity trauma in 9 cases and by low-velocity trauma in 3. All 7 males (63.6%) were affected by high-velocity trauma, and 2 of the 3 females by low-velocity trauma. Only one patient had an isolated popliteal artery lesion associated with fractures in the leg or in contralateral limb. Patients with low-velocity traumas were older than 54 years while those with high-velocity were aged from 22 to 71 years. Results: The lesion mechanism was dislocation due to high-velocity trauma in eight patients and due to low-velocity trauma in three. In 10/11 patients (90.9%). revascularization was performed after osteoarticular stabilization. after reduction of the dislocation or fracture. Intraoperative angiography was selectively used. Two patients required above-knee amputation after the procedure: one due to infection of the surgical access and the other due to severe soft tissue injury. One patient died during hospitalization due to trauma-related complications and comorbidities. Conclusions: High-velocity traumas, and low-velocity traumas with a body mass index >35kg/m2 with knee lesions are associated with popliteal artery lesion. Revascularization success is not associated with high or low velocity traumas.