bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acanthamoeba keratitis - Camouflage entity in Nepal
Authors: Singh Sanjay Kumar , Ambur Karthik , Poudyal Prija , Malla Sagun , Rajbanshi Amit 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background

Acanthamoeba keratitis is a sight threatening corneal infection and is a growing clinical problem in developing countries as well as developed countries. Acanthamoeba keratitis is a local infection of the eye and does not produce systemic illness. Proper diagnostic techniques and appropriate medical management are necessary for good prognosis.

Findings

We report a series of six cases of acanthamoeba keratitis diagnosed and managed at Biratnagar Eye Hospital in the year 2019. The patients age ranges from 28-58 years, with four males and two females. The mean duration of presentation to hospital was 19 days. Four patients had trauma with vegetative matter. All patients had redness, photophobia, decreased vision, pain among which only two had pain out of proportion. One patient had visual acquity of 2/60 whereas the rest had hand movement to perception of light at time of presentation. Ring infiltrate was noted in all the cases. Five patients had ulcer in central and paracentral regions, four had ulcer larger than 6mm and three showed presence of hypopyon. KOH stained smears revealed acanthamoeba cyst in all cases while Gram stain was positive in only one case. Non-nutrient agar overladen with Escherichia coli revealed feeding tracks in four cases and polymerase chain reaction revealed T4 genotype acanthamoeba in four cases. Amoebicidal treatment was started with Chlorhexidine 0.02% eye drop half hourly. Other drugs Natamicin 5% eye drop half hourly, Fluconazole 0.3% eye drop half hourly and antibiotic Moxifloxacin 0.5% eye drop half hourly were also used simultaneously. Pain was reduced in all patients. After treatment, only one patient had BCVA of 6/9 while others had visual outcome of hand movement.

Conclusions

Acanthamoeba keratitis can be severe and vision-threatening. Centrally located ulcer, size of the ulcer > 6mm and visual acuity Hand Movement/Perception of light at the time of presentation were associated with poor outcome. Clinically suspected lesions associated with microbiological assessment help in early diagnosis and prompt treatment.
Prevalence, predictors, and mortality of bloodstream infections due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in patients with malignancy: systemic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Li Zhouqi , Zhuang Hemu , Wang Guannan , Wang Hui , Dong Ying 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: This systemic review was performed to estimate the global methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) prevalence among bacteremia in patients with malignancy, and further study the predictors and mortality of cancer patients with MRSA bacteremia. Methods: The PubMed and EMBASE databases were searched for studies published from Jan. 2000 to Mar. 2020. A random-effects model meta-analysis was performed to estimate the pooled prevalence of MRSA with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs).Results: The pooled prevalence of MRSA was 3% (95% CI 2–5%) among all bloodstream infections (BSIs) and 44% (95% CI 32–57%) among S. aureus bacteremia in cancer patients. Based on geographical stratification, the pooled prevalence was 5% in Africa (95% CI 1–14%), 1% in Americas (95% CI 1–2%), 2% in Europe (95% CI 1–4%), 4% in Western Pacific (95% CI 2–7%), 8% in South-east Asia (95% CI 4–14%) and 0% in Eastern Mediterranean (95% CI 0–3%). No significant temporal change in MRSA rates was detected in this analysis (R2 = 0.06; P=0.24). Predictors for MRSA BSIs among cancer patients were identified by comparison with their methicillin-susceptible counterparts, and they were mainly related to healthcare-associated infections and immunosuppression. Finally, the 60-day mortality in adult cancer patients with MRSA BSIs was reported to be 12%, and the 6-month overall mortality was 43.2%, with community-onset infection, secondary BSI, and vancomycin MIC≥2g/mL being the risk factors for mortality.Conclusions: Although the prevalence of MRSA BSIs among cancer patients is relatively low, it did not decline over time as MRSA BSIs in the general hospital population and the high mortality rate was related to MRSA BSIs in patients with malignancy.
New Insights Into the Control of Visible Gold Fineness and Deposition: A Case Study of the Sanshandao Gold Deposit, Jiaodong, China
Authors: Peng Hong-Wei , Fan Hong-Rui , Liu Xuan , Wen Bo-Jie , Zhang Yong-Wen , Feng Kai 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Mineralogical distribution, textures, electron probe microanalysis of visible gold, laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) trace element analysis of pyrite, and LA-multicollector (MC-)ICP-MS sulfur isotope analysis of sulfide minerals are examined in an ore zone extending obliquely to –4 km depth in the Sanshandao gold deposit Jiaodong, China. We relate these results to the temporal and spatial ore-forming processes in the deposit to further elucidate the controls on the deposition of visible Au and fineness variation.
Two generations of Au mineralization are identified. The early generation is represented by beresitization and quartz-pyrite veins in which visible Au grains are associated with pyrite (Py1 and Py2) and are characterized by high fineness [729–961; fineness = 1000×Au/(Au+Ag)]. Py1 and Py2 are both enriched in Co, Ni, and Bi and depleted in As and Au. Texturally, gold and pyrite are pristine crystals, homogeneous in composition. These features are attributed to the sulfidation of the granitic wallrock (fluid/rock interaction) that effectively destabilizes Au in the ore-forming fluids during pyrite deposition. Fineness decreases continuously from 870 at –2650 m depth to 752 at –420 m depth. The Co and Ni contents of Py1 and Py2 decrease significantly from –4000 m to –420 m depth, whereas the As contents increase. The mean δ34S values of Py1 increase from 10.5 to 11.8‰. The spatial variations are interpreted to be related to gradual cooling, decompression, and an enhanced degree of fluid/rock interaction with decreasing depth, which facilitated the initiation of visible gold mineralization at ca. –2700 m depth.
The late generation of Au mineralization is represented by quartz-polysulfide veins in which visible Au grains are associated with multiple sulfide minerals (Py3, galena, chalcopyrite, arsenopyrite, and sphalerite). It is characterized by low fineness (549–719), and heterogeneous textures with Ag-rich parts (218–421). Py3, occurring as the rim of pyrite grain, is interpreted to form by replacement via a dissolution-reprecipitation reaction. Py3 is distinctly enriched in As (median of 10 000 ppm) and Au (2.2 ppm), but depleted in Co, Ni, and Bi. The δ34S values of the polysulfide minerals decrease sharply by 4 to 5‰ at depths from –1909 to –1450 m. These features are interpreted to be generated by significant decompression and phase separation of fluid, where most ore elements (e.g., Au, Ag, As, and base metal elements) are destabilized. Our study suggests that remobilization did not affect the generation of visible Au mineralization at Sanshandao.
Origin, properties, and structure of breyite: The second most abundant mineral inclusion in super-deep diamonds
Authors: Brenker Frank E. , Nestola Fabrizio , Brenker Lion , Peruzzo Luca , Harris Jeffrey W. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractEarth's lower mantle most likely mainly consists of ferropericlase, bridgmanite, and a CaSiO3- phase in the perovskite structure. If separately trapped in diamonds, these phases can be transported to Earth's surface without reacting with the surrounding mantle. Although all inclusions will remain chemically pristine, only ferropericlase will stay in its original crystal structure, whereas in almost all cases bridgmanite and CaSiO3-perovskite will transform to their lower-pressure polymorphs. In the case of perovskite structured CaSiO3, the new structure that is formed is closely related to that of walstromite. This mineral is now approved by the IMA commission on new minerals and named breyite. The crystal structure is triclinic (space group: P1) with lattice parameters a0 = 6.6970(4) Å, b0 = 9.2986(7) Å, c0 = 6.6501(4) Å, α = 83.458(6)°, β = 76.226(6)°, γ = 69.581(7)°, and V = 376.72(4) Å. The major element composition found for the studied breyite is Ca3.01(2)Si2.98(2)O9. Breyite is the second most abundant mineral inclusion after ferropericlase in diamonds of super-deep origin. The occurrence of breyite has been widely presumed to be a strong indication of lower mantle (=670 km depth) or at least lower transition zone (=520 km depth) origin of both the host diamond and the inclusion suite.In this work, we demonstrate through different formation scenarios that the finding of breyite alone in a diamond is not a reliable indicator of the formation depth in the transition zone or in the lower mantle and that accompanying paragenetic phases such as ferropericlase together with MgSiO3 are needed.
Inherited Eocene magmatic tourmaline captured by the Miocene Himalayan leucogranites
Authors: Han Jinsheng , Hollings Pete , Jourdan Fred , Zeng Yunchuan , Chen Huayong 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The Miocene Cuonadong leucogranites in the easternmost section of the Tethyan Himalaya, Southern Tibet, are characterized by two types of tourmaline. Tourmaline occurs as needle-like crystals in the two-mica ± tourmaline granites (Tur G) and large patches in the pegmatites (Tur P). Both the granite and the pegmatites yield Miocene ages (ca. 20 Ma) based on monazite U(-Th)-Pb dating, whereas 40Ar/39Ar geochronology of the coarse-grained tourmalines (Tur P) crosscut by pegmatite veins yielded an Eocene mini-plateau age of 43 ± 6 Ma. Major element concentrations of tourmaline indicate that both Tur P and Tur G belong to the schorl group with a magmatic origin, but trace elements such as V indicate that they are not cogenetic. Boron isotopes suggest that Tur P (average –9.76‰) was derived from typical crustal sources, whereas Tur G (average –7.65‰) contains relatively more mafic input. The capture of Eocene tourmaline by the Miocene leucogranites at Cuonadong suggests that the crustally derived Eocene magmatism may have occurred in the southern Tethyan Himalaya. Identification of the inherited magmatic tourmaline (Tur P), although not common, challenges the current application of tourmaline chemistry to the investigation of magmatic-hydrothermal systems.
A GASTRONOMIA CEARENSE COMO FOMENTO AO TURISMO EM FORTALEZA: A VISÃO DOS GESTORES DE A&B DOS HOTÉIS MIDSCALE
Authors: Neto Amaury Gurgel , Coelho Susana Dantas , De Oliveira Carlos Glaubênio Cavalcante , Lima Anna Érika Ferreira 
Published: June 2020

Este estudo buscou analisar a estruturação dos cardápios de três hotéis midscale em Fortaleza-CE na visão dos gestores de alimentos e bebidas (A&B) destes espaços, no que se refere a inserção da culinária local. Para tanto, foi necessário averiguar se os pratos típicos estão sendo atraentes para os clientes e por fim, analisar a apresentação dos mesmos e sua caracterização. Optou-se pelo método dedutivo, de cunho qualitativo e caráter exploratório. Baseou-se na pesquisa bibliográfica e como instrumento de coleta de dados, utilizou-se um questionário aplicado aos gestores de A&B desses estabelecimentos, entre os meses de dezembro de 2016 e fevereiro de 2017. Como resultado da pesquisa, percebeu-se que embora saibamos da importância da divulgação da cultura cearense como atrativo turístico, ou seja, como fomento ao turismo, os gestores de A&B ainda não estão considerando essa temática relevante, uma vez que os cardápios são planejados fazendo pouca ou nenhuma referência aos pratos típicos do Ceará. Palavras chaves: Culinária Cearense. Hotelaria. Turismo.
3D Printing in Modern Cardiology
Authors: Celi Simona , Gasparotti Emanuele , Capellini Katia , Vignali Emanuele , Fanni Benigno M. , Ali Lamia A. , Cantinotti Massimiliano , Murzi Michele , Berti Sergio , Santoro Giuseppe , Positano Vincenzo 
Published: June 2020

Background:
3D printing represents an emerging technology in the field of cardiovascular medicine.
3D printing can help to perform a better analysis of complex anatomies to optimize intervention planning.

Methods:
A systematic review was performed to illustrate the 3D printing technology and to describe the
workflow to obtain 3D printed models from patient-specific images. Examples from our laboratory of the benefit
of 3D printing in planning interventions were also reported.

Results:
3D printing technique is reliable when applied to high-quality 3D image data (CTA, CMR, 3D echography),
but it still needs the involvement of expert operators for image segmentation and mesh refinement. 3D
printed models could be useful in interventional planning, although prospective studies with comprehensive and
clinically meaningful endpoints are required to demonstrate the clinical utility.

Conclusion:
3D printing can be used to improve anatomy understanding and surgical planning.
COVID-19 Pandemic and the Impact on the Cardiovascular Disease Patient Care
Authors: Kulkarni Prashanth , Mahadevappa Manjappa , Alluri Srinivas 
Published: June 2020

:
The COVID-19 pandemic has emerged as a serious global threat causing a large number
of fatalities and putting enormous strain on the health care resources across the world. This has resulted
in preferentially triaging the coronavirus infected patients and placing others, especially cardiovascular
patients at increased risk for adverse complications. The effective management of cardiac
patients in the hospital environment during this COVID-19 pandemic has emerged as a real
challenge. We try to address this issue and also highlight the interplay between COVID-19 and cardiovascular
diseases. We hereby review the available literature and emerging guidelines about cardiovascular
implications related to COVID-19 which will have a bearing on the patient care, health
care professionals and cardiac centres.
Salinomycin Modulates the Expression of mRNAs and miRNAs Related to Stemness in Endometrial Cancer
Authors: Talkowski Karol , Kiełbasiński Kamil , Peszek Wojciech , Grabarek Beniamin O. , Boroń Dariusz , Oplawski Marcin 
Published: June 2020

Background:
Salinomycin, an ionophore antibiotic, has a strong anti-cancer effect, inducing
the apoptosis of cancer cells and cancer stem cells.

Objective:
The aim of the study was to assess the influence of salinomycin on the expression profile of
genes related to stemness and miRNA regulating their expression in endometrial cancer cells.

Methods:
Endometrial cancer cells of cell line Ishikawa were exposed to salinomycin at concentrations
in the range of 0.1-100 μM, with the aim of determining its pro-apoptotic potential and the concentration
which would cause the death of 50% of the cells (Sulforhodamine B test). In the following stages,
the cells were incubated with the drug at a concentration of 1μM for 12,24 and 48 hour periods and
compared to the control. Determining the changes in the expression of the genes related to stemness
and regulating their miRNA was done using the microarray technique and RTqPCR. ELISA assay was
performed in order to determine the level of TGFβ2, COL14A1, CDH2, WNT5A in cell culture under
salinomycin treatment in comparison to the control.

Results:
Salinomycin caused the apoptosis of cells. For the concentration of 0.1 μM, a decrease in the
population of living cells by 11.9% was determined. For 1 μM, it was 49.8%, for 10 μM -69.4%, and
for a concentration of 100 μM - 87.9%. The most noticeable changes in the expression caused by the
addition of salinomycin into the culture were noted for mRNA: TGFβ2; WNT5A (up-regulated);
COL14A1; CDH2 (down-regulated), as well as miRNA: hsa-miR-411 (up-regulated); hsa-miR-200a;
hsa-miR-33a; hsa-miR-199a; hsa-miR-371-5p; hsa-miR-374; hsa-miR-374b (down-regulated).

Conclusion:
It was confirmed that salinomycin has an influence on the stemness process. The most noticeable
changes in the expression were noted for mRNA: TGFβ2; COL14A1; CDH2; WNT5A, as well
as for miRNA: hsa-miR-200a; hsa-miR-33a; hsa-miR-199a; hsa-miR-371-5p; hsa-miR-411; hsa-miR-
374a; hsa-miR-374b.
Recent Advances in Vaginal Delivery for the Treatment of Vulvovaginal Candidiasis
Authors: Kaur Sandeep , Kaur Sukhbir 
Published: June 2020

Background:
Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a common vaginal infection caused by
candida species, affecting 70% of the women. It may occur due to the imbalance in the vaginal micro-
biodata, pregnancy, diabetes, use of antibiotics, frequent sexual activities or AIDS.

Aim:
The main aim of this review is to provide overview about different vaginal delivery systems
for the administration of antifungal agents like conventional, mucoadhesive and muco-penetrating
delivery systems.

Method:
The conventional delivery systems available have limited efficacy due to the less residence
time and adverse effects. In order to overcome these issues, a delivery system with mucoadhesive
and muco-penetrating properties is required. Mucoadhesive polymers have excellent binding
properties with mucin and thus increasing residence time. On the other hand, muco-penetrating polymers
transport the antifungal agents across the mucus layer.

Results:
This review summarizes the pathophysiology of VVC along with novel delivery systems
for the treatment of infection through mucoadhesive and muco-penetrating approaches. Surface
modifications of nano/ microparticles with mucoadhesive or muco-penetrating particles may
provide delivery systems with improved therapeutic efficacy.

Conclusion:
Based on the available data, conventional and mucoadhesive drug delivery systems
have some limitations, they still require improvement/ development for safe and effective delivery
of antifungal agents.
Biochemical Composition, Antibacterial and Anti-Biofilm Activities of Indian Medicinal Plants
Authors: Mulat Mulugeta , Khan Fazlurrahman , Pandita Archana 
Published: June 2020

Background:
Medicinal plants have been used for the treatments of various health ailments
and the practices as a remedial for thousands of years. Currently, plant-derived compounds
are used as alternative ways of treatment for multidrug-resistant pathogens.

Objective:
In the present study, various parts of six medical plants such as Solanum nigrum, Azadirachta
indica, Vitex negundo, Mentha arvensis, Gloriosa superba, and Ocimum sanctum were
extracted for obtaining active biological constituents.

Methods:
Soxhlet method of extraction was used for obtaining crude extracts. Agar disc diffusion
and 96-well plate spectroscopic reading were used to detect the extract’s antibacterial and antibiofilm
properties.

Results:
The obtained extracts were tested for antimicrobial and antibiofilm properties at 25 mg/mL
concentrations. Maximum antibacterial activity was observed in O. sanctum chloroform extracted
(TUCE) against Staphylococcus aureus (24.33±1.52 mm), S. nigrum acetone extract (MAAC)
against Salmonella Typhimurium (12.6 ± 1.5 mm) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (15.0 ±2.0 mm).
Only TUCE exhibited antibacterial activity at least a minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.781
mg/mL. Better antibiofilm activities were also exhibited by petroleum extracts of G. superba
(KAPE) and S. nigrum (MAPE) against Escherichia coli, S. Typhimurium, P. aeruginosa and S.
aureus. Moreover, S. nigrum acetone extract (MAAC) and O. sanctum chloroform extract (TUCE)
showed anti-swarming activity with a reduction of motility 56.3% against P. aeruginosa and
37.2% against S. aureus. MAAC also inhibits LasA activity (63.3% reduction) in P. aeruginosa.

Conclusion:
Extracts of TUCE, MAAC, MAPE, and KAPE exhibited antibacterial and antibiofilm
properties against the Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria. GC-MS identified
that chemical constituents are responsible for being biologically active.
SELF-TRANSCEDENCE AS THE BASIS OF PREADAPTIVE STRATEGY OF MEANING-BUILDING
Authors: Абакумова Ирина Владимировна , Годунов Михаил Викторович , Гурцкой Дмитрий Александрович 
Published: June 2020

Истинное развитие личности связано с уходом от адаптивности как приспособления во внешне детерминированной действительности к преадаптивному характеру деятельности. Преадаптивность позволяет формировать свойства личности, способствующие прохождению кризисных ситуаций. В основе преадаптивной стратегии образования смыслов жизнедеятельности лежит стремление к самотрансценденции как выходу за границы освоенного бытия человека для поиска и осуществления своего истинного предназначения. Выявляются особенности самотрансценденции, лежащей в основе преадаптивной стратегии смыслообразования. Полученные результаты позволяют сформулировать определение преадаптивной смыслообразующей стратегии.
True development of personality is associated with the departure from adaptability as an adaptation in an externally determined reality to the preadaptive nature of activity. Preadaptive allows shaping properties of the individual that facilitates the passage of crisis situations. The preadaptive strategy for the building of meanings of life activity is based on the desire for selftranscendence as a way to go beyond the boundaries of what a person has mastered in order to find and realize his true purpose. For real personal growth, the prospect of further development is necessary , which means a transition from self-actualization to self-transcendence, which allows you to interact with the extra-positive reality on the basis of the highest meaning plans of human existence in the world. The purpose of the article is to identify the features of selftranscendence, which is the basis of the preadaptive strategy of meaning building. Analysis of such features of self-transcendence as: the ability to overcome the experience of the finiteness of his existence; the experience of insight; initiating the activity of a socially significant act; the preservation of subjectivity; the ability to positively undergo existential crises; a tolerance for ambiguity; creativity; responsibility in search for his own destiny. The results obtained allow us to formulate a definition of a preadaptive meaning-forming strategy.