bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrated Microanalysis of Sediment Composition Waste Water with Heavy Metals Ions
Authors: Skolubovich Y , Pazenko T , Kurilina T , Voitov E 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The comprehensive analysis results of sediment, containing heavy metal ions using standardless methods of X-ray phase (XRD) and X-ray spectral (XRD) analyzes to determine the elemental and phase composition of sediment samples, obtained during reagent treatment of industrial wastewater are shown. The analytical results of the processes that take place in these precipitation under the influence of certain temperature regimes are presented, which contributes to a change in the physicochemical properties of these precipitates and allows the most accurate qualitative and quantitative analysis of these precipitation. The obtained results are further used to determine the hazard class of precipitation and to develop a modern scheme for processing and disposal of precipitation, which makes it possible to reduce the technogenic load on the environment.
Treatment and disposal of surface wastewater and Sludge
Authors: Skolubovich Y , Voitov E , Tsyba A , Balchugov D , Belonogov D 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The main sources of surface wastewater pollution are products of soil washout, destruction of asphalt and so on. Surface wastewater pollutes water bodies with suspended, surface-active substances, oil products, organic impurities, heavy metal ions and other pollutants. Precipitation leads to pollution and siltation of watercourse channels, disrupts the vital activity of living organisms, microorganisms, and has a negative effect on the biocenosis and self-cleaning ability of water bodies. The aim of the study was to develop a technology for treating surface wastewater from coal industry enterprises using a new water filtering facility, a clarifier reactor. The composition of the enterprise’s surface wastewater was studied. A draft of a new wastewater treatment plant and a clarifier reactor were developed. The quality of the treated water corresponded to the requirements. As a result of theoretical and experimental studies, a technology for the storm sewage treatment of industrial enterprises was developed, which allows them to be dumped into open water bodies or used for disposal in industrial water supply enterprises.
Combined Scheme of Permafrost Water Purification in Central Yakutia
Authors: Fedorova S , Kryzhanovsky A 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The problem of providing the of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic population with drinking water, taking into account severe climatic conditions, is extremely urgent. The uneven distribution of the population over the republic vast territory dictates special requirements for the water supply organization. One of the solutions may be the partial involvement of sub-permafrost waters in the local systems of drinking water supply for the population of Central Yakutia. They contain increased concentrations of lithium, fluorine and sodium and can be used for drinking water supply only after preliminary water treatment, despite the significant reserves of subpermafrost waters and their undoubted advantages. The choice complexity of the water treatment technological scheme is due to the lack of approved methods for purifying drinking water from lithium. The authors carried out an experimental-industrial approbation of the ion-exchange method for removing lithium from the subpermafrost waters of the Yakutsk artesian basin. On the basis of the results obtained, a comprehensive scheme for the purification of Central Yakutia subpermafrost waters for drinking water supply was developed, which provided for a decrease in the concentrations of lithium, fluorine and sodium to standard requirements.
Synthesis of smoothing cubic spline in non-parametric identification technical systems’ algorithm
Authors: Voskoboinikov Y , Boeva V 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Many technical systems are described by mathematical models in the form of an integral Voltaire equation of the first kind with a difference kernel. The nonparametric identification problem for such systems will be reduced to constructing an estimate of the impulse transition function of the identified system based on the measured (with noise) the input and output signals’ values. A rectangular signal of constant amplitude is applied to the input of the identified system at some point in time in some identification schemes that are widely used in practice. For such an input signal, the pulse transition function is defined as the first derivative of the system output signal. However, the derivative calculation belongs to the class of incorrectly posed problems, and an essential feature of this problem is the calculated derivative instability to the errors in recording the output signal. For stable computation, various algorithms for smoothing experimental data are used. The most effective of them are smoothing cubic splines. Boundary conditions are specified to uniquely determine the coefficients of these splines. Unfortunately, traditional natural boundary conditions (zero second derivatives of the spline) do not allow taking into account the features of the identification problem. Therefore, we propose a smoothing algorithm, based on smoothing cubic splines, which allows one taking into account information about the identifiable impulse transition function in sufficient (to increase the accuracy of identification) in this research paper. The studies show the effectiveness of the proposed smoothing algorithm and the entire identification procedure as a whole.
Comparison of Methods for Processing of X-ray images of Defects in Reinforced Concrete Product
Authors: Abashin R , Likhachev A , Zerkal S , Likhachev N 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The problem of automatic determination of the location of defect projections on radiographs of metal and reinforced concrete products is considered. The main research method is a computational experiment. A three-dimensional phantom has been developed that simulates a fragment of a concrete slab reinforced with iron bars with defects inside. Its X-ray image is modeled on the basis of the Bouguer law. Distortion represents uncorrelated noise with a normal distribution in each pixel. A binary Bayesian classifier is used to search for defects. It has been shown to be quite effective as long as the noise SDV does not exceed 1.5% of the average image brightness. At a higher noise level, the classifier does not give stable results. The use of simple low-frequency filtering methods (averaging and median in a sliding window) for noise suppression did not lead to improvement. However, the use of the entropy filter has shown that it can improve the quality of classification. Special image point detectors, in particular the Harris-Stephans detector, were also used to search for defects. The results obtained suggest that this approach may be promising.
Improvement of Methodology for the Analysis of Construction Indicators
Authors: Fedorovich T 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The development of market relations in the construction complex of Russia requires the solution of problematic issues not only of a regional nature, but also of a federal level. This is due to the improvement of the methodology for the analysis of economic indicators in construction. Based on the study of modern theoretical and conceptual approaches and methodological developments in construction practice for the analysis of production, business and financial activities of construction corporations, an author’s concept of a prognostic analysis of the development of the region’s building complex with detailed indicators and analytical procedures for their step-by-step solution is proposed. The achievement of the research goal has led to the use of methods of induction, deduction, and general scientific knowledge. The article also uses correlation and regression analysis, analysis of variance and coefficient analysis as the basis of the author’s, system-process approach within the framework of the research problem under consideration. The real advantage of modern information and communication technologies used in the forecast analysis, which provides an opportunity for a more objective formalized assessment of the modern development directions of the construction complex of a separate region and Russia as a whole, has been proved.
Modeling an Increase in the Cement Activity Using Dispersed Mineral Additives
Authors: Storozhenko G , Syromyasov V , Simonov P 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The researches’ results show that it is possible to obtain a ceramic crock, which water absorption meets the requirements of facade ceramic tiles at a charge firing temperature of 1150 ° C, consisting of 60% low-melting and 40% refractory clay raw materials from deposits in the Novosibirsk Region. Additives influence nature of directed action was studied: wollastonite and cullet by the mathematical planning method of the experiment. It was found that the introduction of additives helps to improve the physical and mechanical properties of the ceramic crock. The introduction of 10% cullet allows increasing the tensile strength by 10.3% compression and reducing water 27.1% absorption. The amount of 15% wollastonite contributes to a greater increase in mechanical strength and a decrease in water absorption, compared with the control composition. The joint introduction of mineral additives leads to a decrease in tensile strength A method for producing high-quality facade and building ceramics from low-grade, poor in clay minerals raw materials with carbonate inclusions, which consists in mechanically activating these raw materials and purposefully creating a hierarchical structure of semi-dry pressed products, is proposed in the research work. The developed technology of preparing a press-mass that is uniform in humidity and dispersion by rolling mechanically activated powders based on aggregate grains (micro level), firmly coated with clay mineral nanoparticles, to the state of spherical granules (macro level). This approach to mass preparation significantly improves the subsequent stages course of pressing and firing products. Its effect is the possibility of obtaining various types of building and facade ceramics with high performance characteristics.
Studying the causes of the open type overland car parking collapse in Nur-Sultan
Authors: Nuguzhinov Z , Tokanov D , Tazhenova G , Rakhimov A , Kurokhtina I 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Studying the causes of accidents allows avoiding mistakes in the design, construction and operation of the building. According to the results of a continuous visual and detailed instrumental examination, the materials are collected and analyzed in the article that characterize the causes of the accidental collapse of the overlapping section of the metal frame. The calculation of steel beams of the overlapping section in the “2-3/B-V” axes at the + 4,500 mark of the overland parking building was performed in the LIR-STC design system of the LIRA-CAD 2013 program both for design combinations of efforts and for design combination of loads. Design errors that led to the accident are identified. Both the results of the calculation of the bolted connection, and the calculation of steel profiled flooring are presented. In addition, technical decisions are made on the further safe operation of the facility. This accident draws attention to the problem of ensuring safety of buildings and structures and the need for an integrated approach in the framework of industrial safety expertise.
Social and legal prerequisites for hoarding by condo residents in Russia
Authors: Litvintsev D 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Consumerism is an inherent feature of a modern consumer-minded society which enhances in some people both a hunger for collecting and a more serious desire developing into oniomania (shopping mania, shopaholism), kleptomania or pathological hoarding (syllogomania, Diogenes syndrome, Plyushkin’s syndrome). The paper proposes an interdisciplinary approach to the problem of pathological hoarding of unnecessary things and domestic animals by tenants of condominiums in Russian cities. Socio-legal prerequisites for this psychosocial disease still insufficiently studied in the country are also analyzed in the paper. The data of the Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation and various legal acts were examined. In the course of the study, methods of quality content analysis and visual sociology were used to analyze cases of pathological hoarding highlighted in Russian digital media in recent years. The Clutter-Hoarding Scale and Clutter Image Rating Scale were used to interpret photos of cluttered Russian flats in condos. In conclusion, recommendations are given on improving state policy and the legislation of the Russian Federation.
Technology for Strengthening Earth Mound’s Foundations, Reinforced with Geosynthetic Materials
Authors: Korobova O , Loshchev V 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Technology of strengthening subgrade foundations, using geosynthetic material at a specific object is described in the article. The use of the proposed geosynthetic material as a reinforcing element is effective, creating load-bearing layers of the earth mound’s foundations, slopes or other types of support structures. Soil base reinforcement of the earth mound with geosynthetic woven material “Stabilenka®” allows increasing the bearing capacity of weak silty clay soils of soft plastic and fluid consistencies to fluid from 1.5 to 5 times, depending on the strength of the material, reduce deformability by 20% and can be considered as the most optimal. We can consider, that the use of a new progressive material allows increasing bearing capacity of the subgrade and reducing the cost and labor intensity of its construction in comparison with traditional methods and the duration of the mound preparation on weak areas is reduced by up to 5 times, using such technology.
Numerical solution the Volterra dual integral equation of the first kind based on a method of Runge-Kutta type
Authors: Antipina E 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The paper focuses on the non-classical Volterra dual equation of the first kind, to which the problem of identifying non-symmetric Volterra kernels is reduced. For this equation, we obtained difference analogs based on the application of the Runge-Kutta type method. Such equations arise in the problem of modeling nonlinear dynamical systems of black-box type, which employ the Volterra integro-power series, when the input perturbation is a vector function of time.
Analysis of radio activity and thermal decomposition of fly ash for application in light concrete production
Authors: Takibai S , Sakanov K , Sungidmaa D 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The article deals with the environmental pollution from ash waste, the analysis of radioactivity and thermal decomposition of fly ash at thermal power plants used in the production of light concrete. It shows the research and analysis of fly ash of thermal power plants in Ekibastuz, Republic of Kazakhstan. In these studies, more attention is paid to the comparison of the radioactivity analysis of fly ash of a thermal power plant, for compliance with international standards and requirements for use in light concretes. There is the study of the thermal decomposition of fly ash. the process of thermal decomposition of fly ash of Ekibastuz TPP, The objective of the research is to determine radioactivity and thermal decomposition of fly ash at Ekibastuz TPP and establish the possibility of its potential use in the production of light concrete. Tthe process of decomposition of ash structure began at the temperature of 1100 ° C, with heat absorption effects (endothermic) at 240-380° C and heat release effect (exothermic) at 680° C, and a corresponding change in ash mass loss temperature of 1.2%.
Evaluation of ehe Geoecological Factors Influence on the Foundations’ Precipitation, Located on Anisotropic Soil Bases
Authors: Korobova O , Maksimenko L 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The research work considers the problems associated with Geoecological factors, related to the soil mechanics and foundation engineering. The scientific relevance is revealed, taking under consideration the fact, that special attention is paid to its role and the possibility of using genecology in solving environmental problems in modern conditions in soil mechanics development, analyzing and assessing the changes, taking place under the influence of natural and man-made impact, in the rational use of water, land, mineral and energy resources; in ensuring the safe living of people and reducing harmful effects on the environment as a result of natural and man-made disasters and various disasters, as well. In addition, the influence of Geoecological factors on the precipitation of foundations, calculated, concerning deformation anisotropy of base soils, is considered. The main types of Geoecological factors and the negative consequences of all these factors influence are given. The analysis of raising and lowering groundwater level effect on the carrying capacity of anisotropic soil foundations and precipitation of foundations was carried out. The role and necessity of using environmental impact assessment, as well as a comprehensive method of research and forecasting development of geological risk factors, are noted.
Prospects for using hydrogen on railway transport
Authors: Asabin V V , Garanin M A , Kurmanova L S , Mishkin A A , Svechnikov A A 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The paper presents the results of a study on the prospects of using hydrogen in railway transport. Factors influencing the development of the hydrogen energy market in the world are considered. According to experts, the share of the Russian Federation may amount to 10-15 % of the world market. At the same time, South-East Asia is an important focus area for Russia. This is due to the availability of available raw materials (Sakhalin) and the short delivery time of hydrogen to the main consumers (China, Japan). Three key areas are identified as prospective research and development of the “Research & Development” program: 1 – generation, 2 – storage and transportation, 3 – consumption (use). The paper considers the main ways of using hydrogen fuel on autonomous traction rolling stock. In accordance with the energy strategy of the Russian Railways holding for the future until 2030, the main energy-saving technical solutions and technologies are the creation of a new generation of energy-efficient rolling stock. This also includes partial substitution of diesel fuel with the development of hydrogen fuel cells and the use of advances in the field of hydrogen energy. Currently, the company is working on the creation of serial two-diesel, hybrid locomotives, as well as gas-turbine and gas-thermal locomotives powered by liquefied natural gas. However, in terms of energy and environmental characteristics, the most promising type of fuel is hydrogen. Engineering solutions for generating hydrogen on board of locomotive are presented, and experimental results are presented. The developed hydrogen-aluminum generator makes it possible to organize a new approach in the working process of transport power plants by automatically feeding the initial components (aluminum) to the chemical reaction zone, depending on the locomotive engine’s demand for hydrogen in various operating modes.
Transport security: analysis and comparison of existing approaches
Authors: Shvetsov A , Kokieva G 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
All countries are involved in ensuring transport security of transport infrastructure facilities and vehicles. Specialized transport security services are being created by type of transport. Each country develops its own methodologies that are acceptable in the specific conditions of the transport system functioning. However, there are general provisions. In this study, the specifics of the Russian Federation were examined and compared with the approaches used in the EU and the United States of America. Using a number of well-known methods, including the theory of qualimetry, the theory of networks, the method of expert assessments, an analysis and systematization of the existing structure and approaches in the field of transport security was carried out, on the basis of which the matrix of the existing situation in the relevant field, as well as an algorithm for ensuring security of transport infrastructure facilities and vehicles. The results obtained may be of interest to decision-makers in the field of transport security. Also, the presented results can be used for the training of specialists in the field of ensuring transport security and in the development of state programs aimed at ensuring security in the transport sector.
Development of hydrophobic textile materials with organosilicon impregnation
Authors: Yuryevna L , Adikovna A 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In recent years, special attention has been paid to studying the properties of hydrophobic surfaces of textile materials. The authors provide an overview of the applied textile-processing chemicals and of the methods for imparting hydrophobic properties to textile materials. According to the analysis, it was found that water- and splash-proofing treatment occupies an important place in the finishing processes of textile materials, contributing to a change in their characteristics. The purpose of the research is the development of hydrophobic textile materials for the work clothes production. The aqueous solution based on organosilicon compounds was used for textiles hydrophobization with retention of their performance and hygienic characteristics. The research results of the effect of aqueous solutions based on silane (A-1100 and A-187 trademarks) on the hydrophobic characteristics of textile materials is presented in the article.
Outlook for using modern rotary screw systems in industry
Authors: Sekisov A , Ovchinnikova S , Kalinichenko M , Kalinichenko A , Schneider E 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The use of rotary screw systems began in the 30s of the XX century as they were part of the emerging military industrial complex. Currently, rotary screw systems are used in a number of sectors of the national economy (in mechanical engineering, in the food industry, in gas and oil production, applicable in such industries as oil refining, chemical industry, agriculture, building industry, construction, etc.). However, the scale of their application is not commensurate with the benefits they provide compared to other types of systems, the functioning of which is based on different technological principles. The paper presents an outlook on the introduction and use of technology and equipment in industry, which will use the original designs of rotary screw bodies with a horizontal arrangement of the rotation axis as working bodies, which will reduce energy costs, improve technical and economic indicators, simplify maintenance and increase productivity. The paper presents the perspective of the use of rotary screw systems in the industry using the example of the cement industry on the example of a design of a furnace with a grate cooler for the clinker production. The proposed design has great scientific and practical significance, which is confirmed by the obtained patents. The presented technology for manufacturing screw bodies and optimizing their design parameters allows outlining and implementing an innovative way to develop cement production. As the results of our research, we not only developed the technology of assembling screw bodies for single and serial production, but also performed work on optimizing their design parameters.