bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Statistics of sea-effect snowfall along the Finnish coastline based on regional climate model data
Authors: Olsson Taru , Luomaranta Anna , Jylhä Kirsti , Jeworrek Julia , Perttula Tuuli , Dieterich Christian , Wu Lichuan , Rutgersson Anna , Mäkelä Antti 
Published: June 2020

Abstract. The formation of convective sea-effect snowfall (i.e., snow bands) is triggered by cold air outbreaks over a relatively warm and open sea. Snow bands can produce intense snowfall which can last for several days over the sea and potentially move towards the coast depending on wind direction. We defined the meteorological conditions which statistically favor the formation of snow bands over the north-eastern Baltic Sea of the Finnish
coastline and investigated the spatio-temporal characteristics of these snow
bands. A set of criteria, which have been previously shown to be able to
detect the days favoring sea-effect snowfall for Swedish coastal area, were
refined for Finland based on four case study simulations, utilizing a
convection-permitting numerical weather prediction (NWP) model (HARMONIE-AROME). The main modification of the detection criteria concerned the threshold for 10 m wind speed: the generally assumed threshold value of 10 m s−1 was decreased to 7 m s−1. The refined criteria were then applied to regional climate model (RCA4) data, for an 11-year time period (2000–2010). When only considering cases in Finland with onshore wind direction, we found on average 3 d yr−1 with favorable conditions for coastal sea-effect snowfall. The heaviest convective snowfall events were detected most frequently over the southern coastline. Statistics of the favorable days indicated that the lower 10 m wind speed threshold improved the representation of the frequency of snow bands. For most of the favorable snow band days, the location and order of magnitude of precipitation were closely captured, when compared to gridded observational data for land areas and weather radar reflectivity images. Lightning were observed during one third of the favorable days over the Baltic Sea area.
One size fits all? Calibrating an ocean biogeochemistry model for different circulations
Authors: Kriest Iris , Kähler Paul , Koeve Wolfgang , Kvale Karin , Sauerland Volkmar , Oschlies Andreas 
Published: June 2020

Abstract. Global biogeochemical ocean models are often tuned to match the
observed distributions and fluxes of inorganic and organic
quantities. This tuning is typically carried out “by hand”. However,
this rather subjective approach might not yield the best
fit to observations, is closely linked to the circulation employed
and is thus influenced by its specific features and even its faults. We here investigate the
effect of model tuning, via objective optimisation, of one biogeochemical
model of intermediate complexity when simulated in five
different offline circulations.
For each circulation, three of six model parameters have
been adjusted to characteristic features of the respective circulation. The values
of these three parameters – namely, the oxygen utilisation of
remineralisation, the particle flux parameter and potential nitrogen
fixation rate – correlate significantly with deep mixing and ideal age of
North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) and the outcrop area of Antarctic
Intermediate Waters (AAIW) and Subantarctic Mode
Water (SAMW) in the Southern Ocean. The
clear relationship between these parameters and circulation
characteristics, which can be easily diagnosed from global models, can
provide guidance when tuning global biogeochemistry within any new
circulation model. The results from 20 global cross-validation experiments show that parameter sets
optimised for a specific circulation can be transferred between
similar circulations without losing too much of the model's fit to
observed quantities. When compared to model intercomparisons of
subjectively tuned, global coupled biogeochemistry–circulation models, each with different circulation
and/or biogeochemistry, our results show a much lower
range of oxygen inventory, oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) volume and
global biogeochemical fluxes.
Export production depends to a large extent
on the circulation applied, while deep particle flux is mostly determined
by the particle flux
parameter. Oxygen inventory, OMZ volume, primary
production and fixed-nitrogen turnover depend more or less equally on both factors,
with OMZ volume showing the highest sensitivity, and residual variability.
These results show a beneficial effect of
optimisation, even when a biogeochemical model is first optimised in
a relatively coarse circulation and then transferred to a different finer-resolution
circulation model.
Didactic qualities of piano pieces for children by Miłosz Magin (1929-1999)
Authors: Juszyńska Krystyna 
Published: June 2020

Miłosz Magin was a renowned Polish pianist and composer. He was born in Łódź, studied in Warsaw, was a prizewinner of several international piano competitions, successfully concerted all over the world and in 1960 he finally settled down in Paris. His compositional output covers numerous piano pieces, orchestral, chamber and vocal works, as well as a ballet. Pieces for children constitute an important and relatively large part of his oeuvre. The article discusses five cycles of miniatures (38 pieces in total), dedicated to pupils at the elementary level of piano learning: Obrazki z Polski (1982), Miniatury polskie (1982), Kółko graniaste (1987), Karnawał lalek for four hands (1990) and Zaczarowane zabawki (1996). The pieces have didactic qualities and play the two roles: they gradually introduce a pupil into the world of music and they help to master the piano technique. They develop, in particular, fingers’ dexterity, chordal and arpeggio technique, precision while realization various rhythmic structures, mastery of large leaps on the keyboard. Performing Magin’s music sensitizes to the timbre of pitches in different registers, to changeable dynamics, original harmony, bitonality, phrasing, articulation, agogic and proper interpretation. His compositions develop children’s imagination and familiarize them with diverse timbres of the piano. They are little masterpieces, put into a terse form of a miniature.
Factors in Adherence to Antihypertensive Regimen in Imo State South Eastern Nigeria
Authors: Ugonma Dozie, Winnie , Ozavize Akinyele Oluwadara , Chinelo Ezelote Judith , Mary Okorie Onyinye , Dozie Ikechukwu Nosike Simplicius 
Published: June 2020

Aim: To determine the level of adherence and identify factors that prevent adherence to antihypertensive treatment.
Study Design: The study employed the survey method.
Methods: Descriptive study was employed and a simple random sampling were used to collect data from 200 randomly consenting respondents.
Results: Results showed that the majority of the respondents (65.0%) were females, a large proportion (48.5%) were in the age bracket of 51 – 60 years, the majority (93.5%) were educated and 45.5% were civil servants. A majority (57.5%) of the respondents agreed that lack of income family support was a factor that could lead to non-adherence and only 40% adhered strictly to the doctor’s prescription.
Conclusion: Based on the findings, the level of adherence to antihypertensive regimen among the respondents is satisfactory. However, several factors hindered their adherence to medication among which were financial stress, access to drugs and availability of health facilities. It is therefore recommended that the cost of medication be subsidized and health facilities brought closer to people to enhance adherence to regimen.
Evaluation and Quality Assessment of Pancakes Produced from Wheat (Triticum aestivum) and Germinated Tiger Nut (Cyperus esculentus) Composite Flour
Authors: Ola O. I. , Amoniyan O. A. , Opaleye S. O. 
Published: June 2020

This study was aim to evaluate the physical properties of wheat-tiger nut flour mixes and physical, proximate and sensory attribute of pancakes developed from wheat-tiger nut flour mixes. Fresh yellow variety of tiger nut (Cyperus esculentus) tubers and other ingredients used for this research were purchased from the Isara market, Saapade, Ogun State, Nigeria. The tiger nut seed were sorted, soaked and germinated for 48 hrs, dried and processed into flour. Pancakes were prepared after incorporation of 10, 20, and 30% of germinated tiger nut flour.
The water absorption capacity and solubility values ranged from 44.66 g/ml – 53.00 g/ml and 3.96-8.06% respectively. The result of the swelling power and bulk density varied from 295.00-337.66% and 497.51 kg/m3 - 555.55 kg/m3. The result of the proximate composition of the pancake showed that the protein, moisture, fat, ash and crude fiber increased significantly (p = 0.05) while the carbohydrate contents decreased significantly with an increase in the germinated tiger nut flour substitution. The protein values ranged from 11.91 – 21.75 with sample D having the highest value of protein at substitution level of 30% germinated tiger nut flour compared to the control sample A. The physical properties of the pancake viz thickness, diameter and spread factor ranged from 2.10-10.00 mm, 111.33-158.66 mm, 111.00-757.14 mm respectively. Sensory data indicated that the pancake produced from germinated tiger nut flour with 30% was acceptable. In conclusion, this study has shown that the use of tiger nut can be considered as a potential ingredient in baking and production of high protein and high fiber products. Nevertheless, it is important to consume snacks with other protein-rich diets to supplement the reduction resulted from substitution.
Reabilitação auditiva por aparelho de Amplificação Sonora Individual (AASI) em centro especializado do SUS de Salvador-Bahia
Authors: Silva Lins Edinaide Lopes da , Pena Gaspar Sobrinho Fernando 
Published: June 2020

<p><strong>Introdução</strong>: A hipoacusia permanente é um problema comum. Sua abordagem inclui reabilitação através de prótese auditiva. O Sistema Único de Saúde oferece reabilitação auditiva à população brasileira. <strong>Objetivo</strong>: Descrever o perfil do usuário de prótese auditiva do Setor Auditivo do Centro de Prevenção e Reabilitação da Pessoa com Deficiência, da Bahia. <strong>Metodologia</strong>: Estudo observacional de corte transversal, com consulta a 115 prontuários de adultos com indicação de prótese auditiva. Utilizou-se instrumento de coleta de dados com as seguintes variáveis: características demográficas, presença de queixas à anamnese (hipoacusia, zumbido e vertigem), achados à otoscopia, e tipos de: perda auditiva, adaptação, aparelho auditivo, molde, e de material utilizado na confecção do molde. Obteve-se estatística descritiva: frequência, média, mediana e porcentagem. <strong>Resultados</strong>: Predominaram o sexo feminino (63/54,7%) e idosos (74/64,3%). Hipoacusia foi queixa otológica mais comum (114/99,1%), seguida de zumbido (67/58,2%) e tontura (41/35,7%). Otoscopia normal em (223/97,0%) das orelhas. Encontraram-se perdas auditivas sensorioneural (160/69,7%), mista (62/27,0%) e condutiva (07/3,0%). A adaptação binaural e o aparelho retroauricular foram os mais utilizados (111/96,5) e (220/95,7%), respectivamente, secundado por intra-auricular (04/1,7%) e intracanal (0,2/0,9%). Os moldes foram tipo concha (159/69,1%), aberto (34/14,8%), e canal (33/14,4%), e o material mais usado para confecção do molde foi o silicone (181/78,8%), quando comparado ao acrílico (45/19,2%). <strong>Conclusão</strong>: Maior prevalência de idosos e mulheres; expressiva presença de queixas otológicas associadas à perda auditiva; e maior demanda para adaptação binaural por aparelho tipo retroauricular com molde concha de silicone.</p><p> </p>
Frequência de fenestração do canal mandibular em imagens de tomografia computadorizada multidetectores
Authors: Carvalho William Santos , Barros Lays Rocha , Sarmento Viviane Almeida , Pinto Regina Lucia Seixa 
Published: June 2020

<p><strong>Objetivo:</strong> avaliar a através da TC a frequência de fenestração nas corticais da mandíbula, no percurso do CM, e identificar a localização, porção do canal (terço posterior, médio ou anterior) e relacionar com idade, gênero do indivíduo e lado afetado. <strong>Materiais e métodos: </strong> Amostra foi de 150 exames de TCs da mandíbula, 300 canais mandibulares provenientes do Serviço de Odontologia do Hospital Universitário Professor Edgard Santos e Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade Federal da Bahia. Para inclusão foram considerados exames que apresentassem toda extensão do canal mandibular e para exclusão há presença de patologias ósseas e a não observação de toda a extensão do CM. Todos os exames foram analisados em ambiente escurecido por um avaliador por duas vezes com o intervalo mínimo de 1 semana entre elas, e os resultados foram submetidos à análise estatística descritiva. <strong>Resultados:</strong> Das 150 TC analisadas, 2% da amostra o que equivale a 3 casos, apresentou fenestração do CM, onde 100% foram do lado esquerdo e 75% dos casos associados a 3º molares inclusos em posição horizontal. <strong>Conclusão:</strong> A fenestração do CM é uma variação anatômica rara pouco descrita na literatura, que pode estar associada a 3º molares impactados horizontais, sendo necessários mais estudos observacionais e relatos para melhor entendimento.</p>
Evaluation of ibuprofen prescriptions into a Psychiatric Hospital: regarding safety, indication, and dose.
Authors: Dantas Carolina Rosario , Couto Ricardo David , Soares Denis De Melo 
Published: June 2020

<p><strong><span>Introdução:</span></strong><span> Os anti-inflamatórios não esteróides (AINEs), como o ibuprofeno, são amplamente utilizados no mundo todo. No hospital psiquiátrico em que este estudo foi realizado, medicamentos como inibidores seletivos da recaptação de serotonina e lítio são amplamente utilizados e sabe-se que podem interagir com o ibuprofeno. A literatura também mostra que o ibuprofeno pode levar a alterações no sistema nervoso central, o que pode desencadear o desequilíbrio dos distúrbios psiquiátricos.</span></p><p><strong><span>Objetivo:</span></strong><span> Avaliar a frequência da utilização do ibuprofeno e se suas prescrições estão de acordo com as informações contidas na literatura com relação à segurança, indicação e dose.</span></p><p><strong><span>Métodos:</span></strong><span> Realizou-se um estudo transversal observacional retrospectivo para avaliar o uso de ibuprofeno em pacientes de um hospital psiquiátrico. As prescrições foram avaliadas por um período de 10 meses.</span></p><p><strong><span>Resultados:</span></strong><span> Entre as prescrições avaliadas 43 continham ibuprofeno na dose de 600 mg. Observa-se que, na maioria dos casos, o medicamento estava sendo utilizado conforme prescrito na literatura. No entanto, em alguns casos, as prescrições divergiram da literatura em relação à segurança e dosagem.</span></p><p><strong><span>Conclusão:</span></strong><span> O uso desse medicamento frequentemente de modo geral não obedeceu aos critérios de segurança e dosagem referentes à literatura científica.</span></p><p><span> </span></p><p><strong><span>Palavras-chave:</span></strong><span> Ibuprofeno, Estudos de utilização, Segurança do paciente, Anti-inflamatório, Medicamentos, Farmácia hospitalar.</span></p>
An unbiased high‐throughput drug screen reveals a potential therapeutic vulnerability in the most lethal molecular subtype of pancreatic cancer
Authors: Pan Chun‐Hao , Otsuka Yuka , Sridharan BanuPriya , Woo Melissa , Leiton Cindy V. , Babu Sruthi , Torrente Gonçalves Mariana , Kawalerski Ryan R. , K. Bai Ji Dong , Chang David K. , Biankin Andrew V. , Scampavia Louis , Spicer Timothy , Escobar‐Hoyos Luisa F. , Shroyer Kenneth R. 
Published: June 2020

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is predicted to become the second leading cause of cancer‐related deaths in the United States by 2020, due in part to innate resistance to widely used chemotherapeutic agents and limited knowledge about key molecular factors that drive tumor aggression. We previously reported a novel negative prognostic biomarker, keratin 17 (K17), whose overexpression in cancer results in shortened patient survival. In this study, we aimed to determine the predictive value of K17 and explore the therapeutic vulnerability in K17‐expressing PDAC, using an unbiased high‐throughput drug screen. Patient‐derived data analysis showed that K17 expression correlates with resistance to gemcitabine (Gem). In multiple in vitro and in vivo models of PDAC, spanning human and murine PDAC cells, and orthotopic xenografts, we determined that the expression of K17 results in a more than twofold increase in resistance to Gem and 5‐fluorouracil, key components of current standard‐of‐care chemotherapeutic regimens. Furthermore, through an unbiased drug screen, we discovered that podophyllotoxin (PPT), a microtubule inhibitor, showed significantly higher sensitivity in K17‐positive compared to K17‐negative PDAC cell lines and animal models. In the clinic, another microtubule inhibitor, paclitaxel (PTX), is used in combination with Gem as a first‐line chemotherapeutic regimen for PDAC. Surprisingly, we found that when combined with Gem, PPT, but not PTX, was synergistic in inhibiting the viability of K17‐expressing PDAC cells. Importantly, in preclinical models, PPT in combination with Gem effectively decreased tumor growth and enhanced the survival of mice bearing K17‐expressing tumors. This provides evidence that PPT and its derivatives could potentially be combined with Gem to enhance treatment efficacy for the ~ 50% of PDACs that express high levels of K17. In summary, we reported that K17 is a novel target for developing a biomarker‐based personalized treatment for PDAC.
Modern Synthetic Approaches to Phosphorus‐Sulfur Bond Formation in Organophosphorus Compounds
Authors: Jones David J. , O'Leary Eileen M. , O'Sullivan Timothy P. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPhosphorothioates, phosphonothioates, phosphinothioates and phosphonodithioates are organophosphorus compounds with widespread application, especially in the fields of agrochemicals, medicinal chemistry and materials chemistry. Herein, we review modern methods for the construction of the phosphorus‐sulfur bonds in these important functional groups. This review is organised on the basis of the different synthetic approaches, with the advantages and disadvantages of each also examined.magnified image
Appropriate Delivery of the CRISPR/Cas9 System through the Nonlysosomal Route: Application for Therapeutic Gene Editing
Authors: Yin Hang , Yuan Xiaoling , Luo Lihua , Lu Yichao , Qin Bing , Zhang Junlei , Shi Yingying , Zhu Chunqi , Yang Jie , Li Xiang , Jiang Mengshi , Luo Zhenyu , Shan Xinyu , Chen Dawei , You Jian 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe development of gene delivery has attracted increasing attention, especially when the introduction and application of the CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing system appears promising for gene therapy. However, ensuring biosafety and high gene editing efficiency at the same time poses a great challenge for its in vivo applications. Herein, a pardaxin peptide (PAR)‐modified cationic liposome (PAR‐Lipo) is developed. The results are indicative that significantly enhanced gene editing efficiency can be obtained through the mediation of PAR‐Lipos compared to non‐Lipos (non‐PAR‐modified liposomes) and Lipofectamine 2000, owing to its protection toward carried nucleotide by the prevention of lysosomal capture, prolongation of retention time in cells through the accumulation in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and more importantly, facilitation of the nuclear access via an ER‐nucleus route. Accumulation of PAR‐Lipos in the ER may improve the binding of Cas9 and sgRNA, thus further contributing to the eventually enhanced gene editing efficiency. Given their high biosafety, PAR‐Lipos are used to mediate the knockout of the oncogene CDC6 in vivo, which results in significant tumor growth inhibition. This work may provide a useful reference for enhancing the delivery of gene editing systems, thus improving the potential for their future clinical applications.
Introducing grazeable cover crops to the winter wheat systems in Oklahoma
Authors: Horn Kyle M. , Rocateli Alexandre C. , Warren Jason G. , Turner Kenneth E. , Antonangelo Joao A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractFields are typically kept fallow after winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grain harvest in the U.S. southern Great Plains (SGP). Introducing summer cover crops to the system could increase soil conservation and farm profitability if grazed. The objective of this research was to evaluate cover crops’ forage yield, residue cover potential, weed suppression, and effect on wheat production. Monocultures and grass–legume mixtures of cover crops were established in mid‐June of 2016 and 2017 near Chickasha and Perkins, OK. At 6 weeks after planting (WAP), three cutting regimes based on stubble height were used: severe (2.5 cm), recommended (legumes: 7.5 cm, grasses and mixtures: 15 cm), and no cutting. Cover crops regrowth was chemically terminated at 14 WAP; winter wheat was no‐till seeded in mid‐October; then harvested in early‐June 2017 and 2018. Cultivar Triple Treat sorghum−sudangrass [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench × S. bicolor var. sudanese] and grass−legume mixtures showed the greatest available forage dry matter. Grasses and grass−legume mixtures had greater forage dry matter residue and weed suppression than legumes. Results indicated that exceeding 6.4 ± 1.2 Mg ha−1 of total dry matter (TDM) produced during the summer, a wheat grain yield penalty of −50.1 ± 15.8 kg ha−1 resulted for each increment of 1.0 Mg ha−1 of TDM produced. Also, a wheat protein content penalty of −1.9 ± 0.5 kg ha−1 resulted in each increment of 1.0 Mg ha−1 of TDM produced when exceeding to 5.7 ± 1.0 Mg ha−1 TDM threshold. Findings suggest N uptake by high‐biomass grasses and mixtures might result in deficient water and N availability for wheat production.
Implementation of an automatic time‐series calibration method for the DSSAT wheat models to enhance multi‐model approaches
Authors: Röll Georg , Memic Emir , Graeff‐Hönninger Simone 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMulti‐modeling (MM) approaches allow increasing modeling accuracy through a combination of different modeling structures for the simulation of plant growth and yield. The Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) 4.7 modeling platform currently includes three different wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) models (CERES, N‐Wheat, and Cropsim). However, the main obstacle for using an MM approach is the calibration procedure. Calibration is time consuming and complex, especially if the user is not familiar with all three models. It results in a subjective calibration optimum and might discriminate models if the user is less trained. To avoid these conflicts, an automated calibration program which optimizes cultivar coefficients based on the root means square error (RMSE) of time‐series data was developed to ensure objective calibration results across three different wheat models and to highlight the potential of MM approaches for decision support in the future. Model calibration was performed on a 4‐yr nitrogen wheat fertilizer trial (0–240 kg ha−1 N) in southwest Germany. The evaluation mean showed satisfying results for the calibration (d‐index = .93) and evaluation dataset (d‐index = .81). By comparing different years, the MM approach improved modeling accuracy in most cases. Especially in the drought season of 2018, the MM approach revealed higher modeling accuracy for yield (d‐index = .61) in contrast to a single simulation of CERES (d‐index = .34) and Cropsim (d‐index = .39). This demonstrated the advantage of an MM approach as different modeling structures could compensate for errors that occur in single modeling approaches.