bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of red koji as a Starter Culture in “Wanergao”: A Traditional Fermented Food in China
Authors: Zeng Xuefeng , Tang Zhongyue , Zhang Wei , He Lapin , Deng Li , Ye Chun , Fan Jin 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe objective of this study was to explore the effect of red kojis on essential indices of Wanergao. The results showed that red koji‐inoculated Wanergao showed higher pH values (4.38 ± 0.06 and 4.39 ± 0.06) and lower TA values (1.61 ± 0.05 and 1.63 ± 0.05) compared to the control group. LAB and yeast in the starter culture group gradually increased to 7.57 ± 0.12, 7.64 ± 0.15 log cfu.g−1 and 8.59 ± 0.21, 8.64 ± 0.23 log cfu.g−1, respectively. During fermentation, the dominant microorganism was Lactobacillus plantarum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Compared to the Wanergao made using traditional backslopping, the red koji‐inoculated Wanergao contained more amylases, EAA and DAA contents compared to the control sample. The red kojis and control samples presented different hardness, chewiness, and cohesiveness, as well as similar values in springiness, gumminess, and adhesiveness. Sensory analysis also showed higher chewiness aroma and resilience of Wanergao in the starter culture group than in the control group.
Measuring the role of neurotransmitters in investment decision: A proposed constructs
Authors: Khan Anum , Mubarik Muhammad Shujaat 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to develop a reliable and valid neurotransmitter's measurement scale. The developed scale would be instrumental in studying the role of neurotransmitters in financial decisions making. A threefold approach was used to develop and validate the scale. The first stage was a qualitative exploratory step for item generation, second initial purification of the stage 1 findings using exploratory factor analysis, and third was validation of the scale using confirmatory factor analysis. The findings accrued an eight‐dimensional second‐order model of neurotransmitters (adrenaline, noradrenaline, dopamine, serotonin, GABA, acetylcholine, glutamate, and endorphins), comprising 58 items. The findings of the study provide a suggest that investors and institutions not only to re‐define rationality but also to reconsider the effect of neurotransmitters on financial decisions and investment behaviour. This research contributes to the body of knowledge by defining and verifying substantial dimensions of neurotransmitters. In future studies, an eight‐dimensional measurement scale could be further used as a research tool to assess how neurotransmitters are involved in our day‐to‐day financial decisions in different cultures.
Comparison of insulin secretion by transduced adipose‐derived and endometrial‐derived stem cells in 2D and 3D cultures on fibrin scaffold
Authors: Karimi Roya , Barabadi Zahra , Larijani Bagher , Tavoosidana Gholamreza , Lotfibakhshaiesh Nasrin , Absalan Moloud , Jabbarpour Zahra , Ostad Seyed Naser , Ai Jafar 
Published: August 2020

AbstractType 1 diabetes is a metabolic disorder caused by the loss or dysfunction of β‐cells in the pancreas. Organ shortage is a critical concern of diabetic patients in need of beta islet transplantation. Tissue engineered islets are promising alternatives to traditional organ transplantation. Recent progress in stem cell biology and gene cloning techniques has raised hopes for the generation of insulin producing cells (IPCs) without the need of immunosuppression. The purpose of this study was to produce IPCs using human adipose‐derived stem cells (hADSCs) and human endometrial‐derived stem cells (hEnSCs) and also to compare the level of insulin secretion by these cells in 2D and 3D culture systems on fibrin scaffolding. Stem cells differentiation was carried out through transduction with an insulin over expression lentiviral vector. Real‐time PCR and immunocytochemistry confirmed the successful transduction of both cell types. Both cell types showed comparable insulin secretion by ELISA.3D culture resulted in higher amounts of insulin secretion of the two cell types versus 2D as control. This study showed that insulin gene delivery to the stem cells could be an efficient method for producing IPCs and fibrin encapsulation enhances the functionality of these cells.
Transformative school–community collaboration as a positive school climate to prevent school absenteeism
Authors: Kim Jangmin , Gentle‐Genitty Carolyn 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSchool absenteeism has become a prevalent problem that affects student development and future societies across the world. We examined whether and how the framework for transformative school–community collaboration (TSCC) can be utilized to effectively reduce school absenteeism. To achieve this goal, we analyzed clustered data involving 3428 students within 14 schools that collaborated with communities in providing out‐of‐school time programs. A generalized ordered logit analysis with clustered standard errors showed that overall TSCC significantly decreased the likelihood of students' school absenteeism. Democratic and empowering structures in the collaboration were particularly significant for reducing the higher level of school absenteeism. We conclude our article with practice implications to translate the core dimensions of TSCC into effective practice.
Low morbidity and mortality with COVID‐19 in sickle cell disease: A single center experience
Authors: Ramachandran Preethi , Perisetti Abhilash , Kathirvelu Balachandar , Gajendran Mahesh , Ghanta Snigdha , Onukogu Ifeanyichkwu , Lao Ted , Anwer Faiz 
Published: August 2020

AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is caused by SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, which evolved into a global pandemic within a short time. Individuals with sickle cell disease (SCD) suffer from underlying cardiopulmonary comorbidities and are at risk of severe complications such as pneumonia, acute chest syndrome, thrombosis, stroke, and multiorgan failure. Whether COVID‐19 poses a high risk of morbidity and mortality in SCD patients remains unclear. Patients with SCD and COVID‐19 can present with overlapping clinical features such as respiratory symptoms with ground‐glass infiltrates, hyperinflammatory state, and increased risk of thromboembolism. This highlights the need to maintain a low threshold for testing for COVID‐19 infection among symptomatic and hospitalized SCD patients. We report a case series of nine hospitalized SCD patients diagnosed with COVID‐19 from March 18, 2020 to April 30, 2020 at a tertiary medical center in New York City. The mean age of the study population was 27.9 years, and interval since onset of symptoms and hospital presentation was 1–2 weeks. All patients in our series improved and were discharged home. This limited study shows that SCD patients, who are perceived to be high risk, maybe somehow protected from severe symptoms and complications of COVID‐19 infection.
Preventing mental health conditions in adolescents living with HIV: an urgent need for evidence
Authors: Laurenzi Christina A , Skeen Sarah , Gordon Sarah , Akin‐Olugbade Olamide , Abrahams Nina , Bradshaw Melissa , Brand Amanda , du Toit Stefani , Melendez‐Torres G J , Tomlinson Mark , Servili Chiara , Dua Tarun , Ross David A 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIntroductionAs adolescents transition from childhood to adulthood, they experience major physical, social and psychological changes, and are at heightened risk for developing mental health conditions and engaging in health‐related risk behaviours. For adolescents living with HIV (ALHIV), these risks may be even more pronounced. Research shows that this population may face additional mental health challenges related to the biological impact of the disease and its treatment, the psychosocial burdens of living with HIV and HIV‐related social and environmental stressors.DiscussionPsychosocial interventions delivered to adolescents can promote positive mental health, prevent mental health problems and strengthen young people’s capacity to navigate challenges and protect themselves from risk. It is likely that these interventions can also benefit at‐risk populations, such as ALHIV, yet there is little research on this. There is an urgent need for more research evaluating the effects of interventions designed to improve the mental health of ALHIV. We highlight four priorities moving forward. These include: generating more evidence about preventive mental health interventions for ALHIV; including mental health outcomes in research on psychosocial interventions for ALHIV; conducting intervention research that is sensitive to differences among ALHIV populations and involving adolescents in intervention design and testing.ConclusionsMore robust research on promotive and preventive mental health interventions is needed for ALHIV. Programmes should be informed by adolescent priorities and preferences and responsive to the specific needs of these groups.
Possible routes of SARS‐CoV‐2 invasion in brain: In context of neurological symptoms in COVID‐19 patients
Authors: Kumar Ashutosh , Pareek Vikas , Prasoon Pranav , Faiq Muneeb A. , Kumar Pavan , Kumari Chiman , Narayan Ravi K. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractManifestation of neurological symptoms in certain patients of coronavirus disease‐2019 (COVID‐19) has warranted for their virus‐induced etiogenesis. SARS‐CoV‐2, the causative agent of COVID‐19, belongs to the genus of betacoronaviruses which also includes SARS‐CoV‐1 and MERS‐CoV; causative agents for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in 2002 and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) in 2012, respectively. Studies demonstrating the neural invasion of SARS‐CoV‐2 in vivo are still scarce, although such characteristics of certain other betacoronaviruses are well demonstrated in the literature. Based on the recent evidence for the presence of SARS‐CoV‐2 host cell entry receptors in specific components of the human nervous and vascular tissue, a neural (olfactory and/or vagal), and a hematogenous—crossing the blood–brain barrier, routes have been proposed. The neurological symptoms in COVID‐19 may also arise as a consequence of the “cytokine storm” (characteristically present in severe disease) induced neuroinflammation, or co‐morbidities. There is also a possibility that, there may be multiple routes of SARS‐CoV‐2 entry into the brain, or multiple mechanisms can be involved in the pathogenesis of the neurological symptoms. In this review article, we have discussed the possible routes of SARS‐CoV‐2 brain entry based on the emerging evidence for this virus, and that available for other betacoronaviruses in literature.
Organic light‐emitting diode display pixel circuit employing double‐gate low‐temperature poly‐Si thin‐film transistor and metal‐oxide thin‐film transistors
Authors: Lee JoonHo , Kim DaeHyun , Yang JooWon , Moon KookChul , Lee Soo‐Yeon , Jeon JaeHong , Kim YongSang , Choi SeungChan , Chung UiJin , Park KwonShik , Park KeeChan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAn organic light‐emitting diode (OLED) display pixel circuit composed of a double‐gate (DG) low‐temperature polycrystalline silicon (LTPS) thin‐film transistor (TFT) and metal‐oxide (MO) TFTs is reported. Two control lines used to initialize the gate‐to‐source bias (VGS) of the driving TFT in the conventional pixel circuit are eliminated by modulating the bottom gate bias (VBS) of the DG‐LTPS TFT. Low leakage current of MO TFT enables us to adopt the simultaneous‐emission scheme for arbitrary compensation time setting and 1‐Hz frame rate driving for low power consumption without flicker. The proposed circuit exhibits better compensation results and smaller area compared with the conventional low‐temperature polycrystalline silicon and oxide (LTPO) pixel circuit. The pixel density of 538 pixels per inch (ppi) has been obtained employing 2‐μm design rule.
Neues zur Synthese von Aminoboronsäuren
Authors: Thomas Franziska , Pham Truc Lam 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAminoboronsäuren sind pharmakologisch wichtige Wirkstoffe, die beispielsweise gegen Krebs, Bakterien oder Entzündungen wirken. Das Interesse an effizienten Synthesestrategien ist daher groß. Aktuelle Methoden fokussieren sich auf regio‐ und stereoselektive Borylierungen sowie die direkte Funktionalisierung durch C‐H‐Aktivierung.
Tasks and responsibilities in physical activity promotion of older patients during hospitalization: A nurse perspective
Authors: Scheerman Kira , Mesters Joram Willem , Borger Jay Noël , Meskers Carel Gerardus Maria , Maier Andrea Britta 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAimTo investigate how nurses perceive tasks and responsibilities in physical activity promotion of hospitalized older patients and which factors are of influence.DesignMixed methods sequential explanatory design.MethodsOne hundred and eight nurses participated in a questionnaire survey and 51 nurses in a subsequent in‐depth interview. Data were collected on tasks and responsibilities in physical activity promotion and their influencing factors as perceived by nurses. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics and a deductive approach with directed content analysis was used for the data from the interviews.ResultsNurses perceived to have a dominant role in physical activity promotion of older patients during hospitalization. Ninety per cent of the nurses stated to be responsible for physical activity promotion and 32% stated to be satisfied with the actual level of physical activity of their patients. Nurses have specified to be responsible for signalling and performing physical activity promotion tasks and had final responsibility for transfers from bed to chair and promotion of daily activities. Influencing factors were low patient motivation, high workload causing priority shifts of tasks and the role of physicians.
Association between domperidone use and adverse cardiovascular events: A nested case‐control and case‐time‐control study
Authors: Shin Sun Mi , Jeong Han Eol , Lee Hyesung , Shin Ju‐Young 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPurposeTo assess the association between domperidone and adverse cardiovascular events.MethodsWe conducted nested case‐control and case‐time‐control studies using Korea's healthcare database (2002‐2015). We identified patients without history of hospitalization, cancer, or cardiovascular diseases in 2002. From our cohort, those diagnosed with an adverse cardiovascular event (case), composite of arrhythmia, hypertension, or acute myocardial infarction were matched to two controls using risk‐set sampling on various sociodemographic variables. Exposure was assessed in the 1 to 7 days, or in the 1 to 7 days (hazard period) and 91 to 97 days (control period) prior to index date, in nested case‐control and case‐time control studies, respectively. We compared domperidone to metoclopramide or non‐use and estimated odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) using conditional logistic regression.ResultsFrom 627 799 patients, we identified 71 555 cases and 141 833 controls. In the nested case‐control study, while the risk of cardiovascular events was increased with domperidone (OR 1.38, 95% CI 1.28‐1.47) compared to non‐use, the risk was reduced (0.64, 0.57‐0.72) compared to metoclopramide. In the case‐time‐control study, similar increased risk was found when compared to non‐use (1.40, 1.29‐1.52) but a reduced risk as compared with metoclopramide (0.63, 0.54‐0.72). Risk of myocardial infarction associated with domperidone was highest (nested case‐control: 1.94, 1.33‐2.83; case‐time‐control: 1.91, 1.01‐3.62) when compared to non‐use but did not indicate an increased risk when compared to metoclopramide (nested case‐control: 0.60, 0.32‐1.13; case‐time‐control: 0.70, 0.25‐1.98).ConclusionOur findings support a positive association between domperidone and adverse cardiovascular events. However, domperidone may have a safer cardiovascular profile than metoclopramide.
Exploring the conformational dynamics of PD1 in complex with different ligands: What we can learn for designing novel PD1 signaling blockers?
Authors: Ponce Luis F. , García‐Martínez Karina , León Kalet , Valiente Pedro A. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractActivation of T cells triggers the expression of regulatory molecules like the programmed cell death 1 (PD1) protein. The association of PD1 with the natural ligands PDL1 and PDL2 induces an inhibitory signal that prevents T cells from proliferating and exerting effector functions. However, little is known about how the binding of the ligands induce the PD1 inhibitory signal over T cells effector functions. Here, we explore the dynamics of PD1 free, and in complex with different PDL1 variants as well as the therapeutic antibodies nivolumab and pembrolizumab in order to assess the conformational changes in PD1 related to the signaling process. Our simulations suggest a pre‐conformational selection mechanism for the binding of the different PDL1 variants, while an induced‐fit model fits better for the molecular recognition process of the therapeutic antibodies. A deep analysis of the changes on PD1 movement upon the binding to different ligands revealed that as larger is the difference in the conformation adopted by loop C′D with respect to the complex with PDL1 is higher the ligand ability to reduce the PD1 inhibitory signaling. This behavior suggests that targeting specific conformations of this loop can be useful for designing therapies able to recover T cells effector functions.
Expansin Engineering Database: A navigation and classification tool for expansins and homologues
Authors: Lohoff Caroline , Buchholz Patrick C. F. , Le Roes‐Hill Marilize , Pleiss Jürgen 
Published: August 2020

AbstractExpansins have the remarkable ability to loosen plant cell walls and cellulose material without showing catalytic activity and therefore have potential applications in biomass degradation. To support the study of sequence‐structure‐function relationships and the search for novel expansins, the Expansin Engineering Database (ExED, https://exed.biocatnet.de) collected sequence and structure data on expansins from Bacteria, Fungi, and Viridiplantae, and expansin‐like homologues such as carbohydrate binding modules, glycoside hydrolases, loosenins, swollenins, cerato‐platanins, and EXPNs. Based on global sequence alignment and protein sequence network analysis, the sequences are highly diverse. However, many similarities were found between the expansin domains. Newly created profile hidden Markov models of the two expansin domains enable standard numbering schemes, comprehensive conservation analyses, and genome annotation. Conserved key amino acids in the expansin domains were identified, a refined classification of expansins and carbohydrate binding modules was proposed, and new sequence motifs facilitate the search of novel candidate genes and the engineering of expansins.
Control charts for monitoring a Poisson hidden Markov process
Authors: Ottenstreuer Sebastian , Weiß Christian H. , Knoth Sven 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMonitoring stochastic processes with control charts is the main field of application in statistical process control. For a Poisson hidden Markov model (HMM) as the underlying process, we investigate a Shewhart individuals chart, an ordinary Cumulative Sum (CUSUM) chart, and two different types of log‐likelihood ratio (log‐LR) CUSUM charts. We evaluate and compare the charts' performance by their average run length, computed either by utilizing the Markov chain approach or by simulations. Our performance evaluation includes various out‐of‐control scenarios as well as different levels of dependence within the HMM. It turns out that the ordinary CUSUM chart shows the best overall performance, whereas the other charts' performance strongly depend on the particular out‐of‐control scenario and autocorrelation level, respectively. For illustration, we apply the HMM and the considered charts to a data set about weekly sales counts.
Recurrent non‐traumatic idiopathic chylothorax: a diagnostic dilemma with therapeutic challenge
Authors: Vadala Rohit , Talwar Dhruv , Talwar Deepak 
Published: August 2020

AbstractChylothorax is an uncommon pleural effusion characterized by the presence of chyle in the pleural space. Malignancy, trauma, and infections such as tuberculosis and filariasis can result in chylothorax. The chyle is an odourless and white liquid; however, around 50% of chylothorax is not milky (serosanguineous) and 10% of chylothorax is idiopathic which can pose a diagnostic dilemma. We propose a systematic approach which includes pleural fluid triglycerides and cholesterol for all undiagnosed pleural effusion. The case highlights the diagnostic dilemma as well as therapeutic challenges.
Self‐Assembly of Bowlic Supramolecules on Graphene Imaged at the Individual Molecular Level using Heavy Atom Tagging
Authors: Kengmana Everett S. , Lee Ja Kyung , Li Xiang , Warner Jamie H. , Han Grace G. D. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe self‐assembly of bowlic supramolecules on graphene surface is studied with single molecular sensitivity. This is achieved by incorporating a heavy metal tag in the form of a single W atom into the tip of the molecular structure, which enables the direct imaging of molecular distribution using annular dark‐field scanning transmission electron microscopy (ADF‐STEM) along with graphene as an electron transparent support. The bowlic molecules have nonplanar geometry, and their orientations with respect to their graphene substrate and with each other result in various packing configurations. Statistical data on intermolecular distances is obtained from numerous measurements of the bright contrast from the single metal atom tags. The analysis shows that the bowlic molecules lie sideways on the graphene surface with favorable head‐to‐tail stacking, rather than sitting vertically with the bowl facing toward the graphene surface. In thicker film regions, nanoscale lamellar fringes are observed, demonstrating that large‐scale aligned packing extends into 3D. Image simulations and various molecular packing schemes are discussed to help interpret the ADF‐STEM images and the possible range of molecular interactions occurring. These results aid the understanding of nonplanar supramolecular assemblies on van der Waals surfaces for potential applications in molecular recognition by porous films.
Recent Advances in High‐Performance Microbatteries: Construction, Application, and Perspective
Authors: Zhu Zhe , Kan Ruyu , Hu Song , He Liang , Hong Xufeng , Tang Hui , Luo Wen 
Published: September 2020

AbstractHigh‐performance miniaturized energy storage devices have developed rapidly in recent years. Different from conventional energy storage devices, microbatteries assume the main responsibility for micropower supply, functionalization, and characterization platforms. Evolving from the essential goals for battery design of high power density, high energy density, and long lifetime, further practical demands for microbatteries (MBs) have been raised for the microfabrication technique and device design. Numerous studies have generally focused on specific aspects of the microelectrode structures or certain microfabrication techniques, while the connection from techniques to functional applications is rarely involved. This Review generally fills such blanks from an application‐oriented perspective. First, some basic micromachining techniques with different compatible features are summarized. Afterward, device designs including diversified battery reaction types, configuration, and assembly are highlighted, as well as microbatteries serving powering resources or further complicated functional systems. Finally, through providing the overall design concept based on requirements in application, this Review offers innovative insights for further development of microbatteries.