bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Redox activation of JNK2α2 mediates thyroid hormone-stimulated proliferation of neonatal murine cardiomyocytes
Authors: Tan Lin , Bogush Nikolay , Naib Hussain , Perry Jennifer , Calvert John W. , Martin David I. K. , Graham Robert M. , Naqvi Nawazish , Husain Ahsan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMitochondria-generated reactive oxygen species (mROS) are frequently associated with DNA damage and cell cycle arrest, but physiological increases in mROS serve to regulate specific cell functions. T3 is a major regulator of mROS, including hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Here we show that exogenous thyroid hormone (T3) administration increases cardiomyocyte numbers in neonatal murine hearts. The mechanism involves signaling by mitochondria-generated H2O2 (mH2O2) acting via the redox sensor, peroxiredoxin-1, a thiol peroxidase with high reactivity towards H2O2 that activates c-Jun N-terminal kinase-2α2 (JNK2α2). JNK2α2, a relatively rare member of the JNK family of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), phosphorylates c-Jun, a component of the activator protein 1 (AP-1) early response transcription factor, resulting in enhanced insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) expression and activation of proliferative ERK1/2 signaling. This non-canonical mechanism of MAPK activation couples T3 actions on mitochondria to cell cycle activation. Although T3 is regarded as a maturation factor for cardiomyocytes, these studies identify a novel redox pathway that is permissive for T3-mediated cardiomyocyte proliferation—this because of the expression of a pro-proliferative JNK isoform that results in growth factor elaboration and ERK1/2 cell cycle activation.
Convolutional Neural Networks enable efficient, accurate and fine-grained segmentation of plant species and communities from high-resolution UAV imagery
Authors: Kattenborn Teja , Eichel Jana , Fassnacht Fabian Ewald 
Published: November 2019

AbstractRecent technological advances in remote sensing sensors and platforms, such as high-resolution satellite imagers or unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV), facilitate the availability of fine-grained earth observation data. Such data reveal vegetation canopies in high spatial detail. Efficient methods are needed to fully harness this unpreceded source of information for vegetation mapping. Deep learning algorithms such as Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) are currently paving new avenues in the field of image analysis and computer vision. Using multiple datasets, we test a CNN-based segmentation approach (U-net) in combination with training data directly derived from visual interpretation of UAV-based high-resolution RGB imagery for fine-grained mapping of vegetation species and communities. We demonstrate that this approach indeed accurately segments and maps vegetation species and communities (at least 84% accuracy). The fact that we only used RGB imagery suggests that plant identification at very high spatial resolutions is facilitated through spatial patterns rather than spectral information. Accordingly, the presented approach is compatible with low-cost UAV systems that are easy to operate and thus applicable to a wide range of users.
Neural theta oscillations support semantic memory retrieval
Authors: Marko Martin , Cimrová Barbora , Riečanský Igor 
Published: November 2019

AbstractLexical–semantic retrieval emerges through the interactions of distributed prefrontal and perisylvian brain networks. Growing evidence suggests that synchronous theta band neural oscillations might play a role in this process, yet, their functional significance remains elusive. Here, we used transcranial alternating current stimulation to induce exogenous theta oscillations at 6 Hz (θ-tACS) over left prefrontal and posterior perisylvian cortex with a 180° (anti-phase) and 0° (in-phase) relative phase difference while participants performed automatic and controlled retrieval tasks. We demonstrate that θ-tACS significantly modulated the retrieval performance and its effects were both task- and phase-specific: the in-phase tACS impaired controlled retrieval, whereas the anti-phase tACS improved controlled but impaired automatic retrieval. These findings indicate that theta band oscillatory brain activity supports binding of semantically related representations via a phase-dependent modulation of semantic activation or maintenance.
Evaluation of Adsorptive Characteristics of Cow Dung and Rice Husk Ash for Removal of Aqueous Glyphosate and Aminomethylphoshonic Acid
Authors: Garba Jamilu , Samsuri Wahid Abd , Othman Radziah , Hamdani Muhammad Saiful Ahmad 
Published: November 2019

AbstractGlyphosate (GLY) is a major herbicide used throughout the world, and its continuous application has become an environmental issue. Adsorption is an important mechanism for removing organic contaminant in water. The present study characterized cow dung (CD) and rice husk ash (RHA), and determined the adsorption-desorption of GLY and its metabolite, aminomethylphoshonic acid (AMPA), on to them. The results revealed that both CD and RHA were alkaline and had no or low content of arsenic, cadmium, chromium and lead. The CD had lower surface area (13.104 mg2g−1) than RHA (21.500 m2g−1). The CD contained amines, phenol, ethers and carboxylic functional groups, while in addition to carboxylic and ether, RHA contains siloxane. Both CD and RHA had high affinities for GLY and AMPA. The Freundlich sorption coefficient (Kf) on AMPA were 2.915 and 2.660 for CD and RHA, respectively, while the values on GLY were 1.168 and 1.166 (mg g−1) for CD and RHA, respectively. Desorption of GLY only occurred at lower concentrations, while no desorption of AMPA was recorded, indicating their strong adsorption on CD and RHA. Considering their availabilities and affordable prices, both CD and RHA can be recommended as economical adsorbent for the removal of GLY and AMPA.
Cytolytic Activity of Effector T-lymphocytes Against Hepatocellular Carcinoma is Improved by Dendritic Cells Pulsed with Pooled Tumor Antigens
Authors: Chieochansin Thaweesak , Thepmalee Chutamas , Grainok Janya , Junking Mutita , Yenchitsomanus Pa-thai 
Published: November 2019

AbstractCellular immunotherapy is a promising new therapeutic approach for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which has a high recurrence rate, irrespective of the treatment administered. In this study, we attempted to improve the cytolytic activity of effector T-lymphocytes against HCC. T-lymphocytes were activated by monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with cell lysate or RNA prepared from HCC cell lines. Monocytes were activated for differentiation into DCs by treatment with the IL4 and GM-CSF. DCs were pulsed with cell lysate or RNA prepared from a single cell line or combinations of two or three HCC cell lines, and then co-cultured with autologous T-lymphocytes with the intent of creating specific cytotoxicity. We discovered that DCs pulsed with total RNA effectuated greater T-lymphocyte function than DCs pulsed with total cell lysate, as evidenced by greater cytolytic activities against HCC target cells. The percentage of Huh7, HepG2, and SNU449 cell apoptosis at effector:target ratio of 10:1 was 42.6 ± 4.5% (p = 0.01), 33.6 ± 3.1% (p = 0.007), and 21.4 ± 1.4% (p < 0.001), respectively. DCs pulsed with pools of antigens prepared from three cell lines improved the cytolytic function of effector T-lymphocytes by approximately two-fold (p < 0.001), which suggests that this approach be further developed and applied for adoptive transfer treatment of HCC.
The Use of Heated Tobacco Products is Associated with Asthma, Allergic Rhinitis, and Atopic Dermatitis in Korean Adolescents
Authors: Lee Ahnna , Lee Sook Young , Lee Kang-Sook 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe increasing use of new and emerging tobacco products has raised public health concern worldwide. This study aimed to assess the association between tobacco product use and the risk of allergic diseases. We used cross-sectional data of 58,336 students aged 12–18 years from the 2018 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey. This study considered three tobacco products, namely cigarettes, electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes), and heated tobacco products. Descriptive analyses, as well as simple and multinomial logistic regression analyses with a complex sampling design, were performed. Multiple tobacco use had an association with the risk of each allergic disease. Use of each tobacco product was significantly associated with an increased risk of multi-morbidity of asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis. Furthermore, lifetime use of each tobacco product was associated with the prevalence of atopic dermatitis. This highlights the importance of paying close attention to smoking by adolescents and its association with allergy epidemics. Future research should consider intensity of smoking and/or severity of allergic symptoms.
Cardiolipin is an Optimal Phospholipid for the Assembly, Stability, and Proper Functionality of the Dimeric Form of NhaA Na+/H+ Antiporter
Authors: Rimon Abraham , Mondal Ramakanta , Friedler Assaf , Padan Etana 
Published: November 2019

AbstractCardiolipin (CL) was shown to bound to the dimer interface of NhaA Na+/H+ antiporter. Here, we explore the cardiolipin-NhaA interaction both in vitro and in vivo. Using a novel and straightforward in-vitro assay in which n-dodecyl β-D maltoside (DDM) detergent is used to delipidate the dimer interface and to split the dimers into monomers; the monomers are subsequently exposed to cardiolipin or the other E. coli phospholipids. Most efficient reconstitution of dimers is observed by cardiolipin. This assay is likely to be applicable to future studies of protein–lipid interactions. In-vivo experiments further reveal that cardiolipin is necessary for NhaA survival. Although less efficient phosphatidyl-glycerol (PG) can also reconstitute NhaA monomers to dimers. We also identify a putative cardiolipin binding site. Our observations may contribute to drug design, as human NhaA homologues, which are involved in severe pathologies, might also require specific phospholipids.
Identification of potential molecular pathogenesis mechanisms modulated by microRNAs in patients with Intestinal Neuronal Dysplasia type B
Authors: Angelini Marcos C. , Silva Alana Maia e. , Felix Tainara F. , Lapa Rainer M. L. , Terra Simone A. , Rodrigues Maria A. M. , Ortolan Erika V. P. , Reis Patricia P. , Lourenção Pedro L. T. A. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis study proposed to determine global microRNA (miRNA) expression and miRNA-regulated pathways in Intestinal Neuronal Dysplasia type B (IND-B). Fifty patients (0–15 years old) with IND-B were included in the study. Peripheral blood samples were collected from all 50 patients and from 10 healthy asymptomatic children (controls). Rectal biopsies were collected from 29/50 patients; biopsy tissues were needle microdissected to isolate the different intestinal layers, for molecular analysis. Global miRNA expression was determined using TaqMan arrays. Correlation analysis between miRNA expression in plasma and biopsy samples as well as among tissues derived from the distinct intestinal layers was performed. Computational approaches were used for miRNA target prediction/identification of miRNA-regulated genes and enriched pathways biologically relevant to IND-B pathogenesis. miRNAs were statistically significantly deregulated (FC ≥ 2 and p ≤ 0.05) in submucosal and muscular layers: over-expressed (miR-146a and miR-146b) and under-expressed (miR-99a, miR-100, miR-130a, miR-133b, miR-145, miR-365, miR-374-5p, miR-451). Notably, let-7a-5p was highly over-expressed in patient plasma compared to healthy controls (FC = 17.4). In addition, miR-451 was significantly under-expressed in both plasma and all biopsy tissues from the same patients. Enriched pathways (p < 0.01) were axon guidance, nerve growth factor signalling, NCAM signalling for neurite out-growth, neuronal system and apoptosis. miRNA expression is deregulated in the submucosa and muscular layers of the rectum and detected in plasma from patients with IND-B. Biologically enriched pathways regulated by the identified miRNAs may play a role in IND-B disease pathogenesis, due to the activity related to the neurons of the enteric nervous system.
Maternal and Paternal Nutrition and Developmental Origins of Breast Cancer
Authors: Silva L. B. A. R. , da Cruz R. S. , Fontelles C. C. , Andrade F. O. , Hilakivi-Clarke L. , de Assis S. , Ong T. P. 
Published: November 2019

Accumulating epidemiological and experimental evidence indicate that breast cancer has an origin in early life. During the in utero stage, the mammary gland undergoes extensive modeling and remodeling that involves intense cell proliferation and differentiation. At this critical developmental stage, the mammary gland displays high plasticity and is especially prone to environment-induced disturbances. Maternal exposure to hormones, toxicants, and inadequate diet during gestation has been shown to alter mammary gland development in the fetus and increase breast cancer risk in adulthood. Alterations at the level of epigenetic control of gene expression and in stem cell number and function have been proposed as potential mechanisms underlying maternal breast cancer programming. More recently, the impact of paternal diet during preconception on female offspring breast cancer risk was shown. Because breast cancer is a major global public health problem, innovative preventive strategies are urgently needed. A life-course approach represents a promising option, where preventive measures are adopted throughout a woman’s life. In this case, attention should be directed towards windows of susceptibility to breast cancer starting already in early life. Improving maternal diet and metabolic health during key developmental stages, including preconception, gestation and lactation, represents a focal point in preventing breast cancer. In addition, preconception from a male perspective should also be integrated in a life-course approach model to breast cancer prevention.
MuSCAT2 multicolour validation of TESS candidates: an ultra-short-period substellar object around an M dwarf
Authors: Parviainen H. , Palle E. , Zapatero-Osorio M. R. , Montanes Rodriguez P. , Murgas F. , Narita N. , Hidalgo Soto D. , Béjar V. J. S. , Korth J. , Monelli M. , Casasayas Barris N. , Crouzet N. , de Leon J. P. , Fukui A. , Hernandez A. , Klagyivik P. , Kusakabe N. , Luque R. , Mori M. , Nishiumi T. , Prieto-Arranz J. , Tamura M. , Watanabe N. , Burke C. , Charbonneau D. , Collins K. A. , Collins K. I. , Conti D. , Garcia Soto A. , Jenkins J. S. , Jenkins J. M. , Levine A. , Li J. , Rinehart S. , Seager S. , Tenenbaum P. , Ting E. B. , Vanderspek R. , Vezie M. , Winn J. N. 
Published: November 2019

Context. We report the discovery of TOI 263.01 (TIC 120916706), a transiting substellar object (R = 0.87 RJup) orbiting a faint M3.5 V dwarf (V = 18.97) on a 0.56 d orbit.
Aims. We setout to determine the nature of the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) planet candidate TOI 263.01 using ground-based multicolour transit photometry. The host star is faint, which makes radial-velocity confirmation challenging, but the large transit depth makes the candidate suitable for validation through multicolour photometry.
Methods. Our analysis combines three transits observed simultaneously in r′, i′, and zs bands usingthe MuSCAT2 multicolour imager, three LCOGT-observed transit light curves in g′, r′, and i′ bands, a TESS light curve from Sector 3, and a low-resolution spectrum for stellar characterisation observed with the ALFOSC spectrograph. We modelled the light curves with PYTRANSIT using a transit model that includes a physics-based light contamination component, allowing us to estimate the contamination from unresolved sources from the multicolour photometry. Using this information we were able to derive the true planet–star radius ratio marginalised over the contamination allowed by the photometry.Combining this with the stellar radius, we were able to make a reliable estimate of the absolute radius of the object.
Results. The ground-based photometry strongly excludes contamination from unresolved sources with a significant colour difference to TOI 263. Furthermore, contamination from sources of the same stellar type as the host is constrained to levels where the true radius ratio posterior has a median of 0.217 and a 99 percentile of0.286. The median and maximum radius ratios correspond to absolute planet radii of 0.87 and 1.41 RJup, respectively,which confirms the substellar nature of the planet candidate. The object is either a giant planetor a brown dwarf (BD) located deep inside the so-called “brown dwarf desert”. Both possibilities offer a challenge to current planet/BD formation models and make TOI 263.01 an object that merits in-depth follow-up studies.
Polygon “Simeiz-Katsively” - study of changes in the geodynamic, heliogeophysical and climatic characteristics of Crimea
Authors: Volvach Alexander , Kurbasova Galina , Dmytrotsa Andrej , Neyachenko Dmitry , Kanonidi Konstantin , Boborykina Olga 
Published: November 2019

The solution to the problem of forecasting catastrophic natural and technological phenomena in Crimea is associated with the organization of complex observations in a network of local geodynamic polygons.
Currently conducted on-site observations involved in the solution of problems of geodynamic and environmental monitoring in international cooperation. To study lithospheric deformation, the reasons for their cause, the search for prognostic indicators, preparing regional seismic events of natural and anthropogenic origin in the Crimean region, in 2018, geodynamic testing area “Simeiz-Katsively” have been expanded tiltmeter and magnetovariational stations, included in the national observation network.
Harninkontinenz bei geriatrischen Patienten: Hilfsmittel, qualifizierte Pflegekraft und Harnblasenlangzeitdrainage
Authors: Wiedemann Andreas , Becher Klaus , Bojack Barbara , Ege Sigrid , von der Heide Silke , Kirschner-Hermanns Ruth 
Published: November 2019

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung 1/2019 wurde ein update der seit 2005 in AWMF eingestellten und fortlaufend aktualisierten Leitlinie „Harninkontinenz bei geriatrischen Patienten – Diagnostik und Therapie“ durch die interdisziplinäre Arbeitsgruppe „Harninkontinenz“ der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Geriatrie (DGG) publiziert. Aus dieser Leitlinie, die als offizielle Leitlinie DGG akkreditiert ist, stellt der vorliegende Artikel das Kapitel „Hilfsmittel, qualifizierte Pflegekraft, Harnblasenlangzeitdrainage“ dar.
Methodik In einem strukturierten Bewertungsprozess identifizierte eine Literaturrecherche zunächst die vorhandene Literatur im Kontext des „geriatrischen Patienten“, wie er als zumeist über 70jährig und multimorbid oder über 80jährig durch die Fachgesellschaften definiert ist. Primäre Berücksichtigung fanden randomisierte, doppelblinde, plazebokontrollierte Studien sowie bereits vorhandene Leitlinien zum Thema. Wo keine solchen Untersuchungen vorlagen oder aus methodischen Gründen prinzipiell nicht durchführbar sind, wurden auch Publikationen anderen Designs (nicht randomisierte Untersuchungen, Fallkontrollstudien) zur Leitlinienerstellung herangezogen. Die daraus resultierenden Leitlinienempfehlungen wurden in einem strukturierten Abstimmungsprozess unterzogen; das Ergebnis ist in Prozent der zustimmenden Gruppenmitgliedern angegeben.
Ergebnisse Eine Hilfsmittelversorgung oder Harnblasenlangzeitdrainage per Kondomurinal, transurethralem oder suprapubischen Katheter kommt passager oder als Definitiv-Maßnahme dann in Frage, wenn andere Therapieformen nicht anwendbar sind oder nicht gewünscht werden. Der Einsatz einer qualifizierten Pflegekraft ist mit nicht-pharmakologischen Interventionen wirksam und ist bei beratungsintensiven Therapieformen wie dem Toilettentraining oder einer Hilfsmittelanpassung oder der Restharnbestimmung sinnvoll.
Schlussfolgerungen Besonders in Einrichtungen, die eine Vielzahl von inkontinenten geriatrischen Patienten betreuen, ist der abgestimmte Einsatz von spezialisierten Pflegekräften sinnvoll. Unter bestimmten Bedingungen stellt auch eine Palliativversorgung einer Harninkontinenz eine Therapiemaßnahme im Kontext der geriatrischen Inkontinenzbehandlung dar.
Sich selbst und andere schätzen
Authors: Brand-Hörsting Birgit 
Published: November 2019

Wie verständigen Sie sich mit Ihrem inneren Kritiker, wie mit dem inneren Entscheider und wodurch unterscheiden sich eigentlich Wertschätzung und Anerkennung? Hier finden Sie die Antworten – mit vielen praktischen Beispielen.
„Da muss sich jemand anders kümmern“ – Die medizinische Versorgung von Asylsuchenden als Herausforderung für eine bio-psycho-soziale Medizin
Authors: Führer Amand 
Published: November 2019

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGZiel der Studie Die Medizin wird verschiedentlich dafür kritisiert, die biologischen Facetten von Gesundheit und Krankheit gegenüber gesellschaftlichen Einflüssen zu privilegieren. Gegen diesen Vorwurf hat sich in den letzten Jahrzehnten ein medizintheoretischer Ansatz etabliert, der ein bio-psycho-soziales Krankheitskonzept vertritt. Dieser Artikel nutzt ethnografische Perspektiven auf die medizinische Versorgung von Asylsuchenden, um zu untersuchen, inwiefern die Prinzipien der bio-psycho-sozialen Medizin in Bezug auf die wissenschaftlich fundierte Berücksichtigung gesellschaftlicher Einflüsse auf die Gesundheit und Krankheit dieser Patientengruppe verwirklicht werden.Methoden Dabei findet ein ethnografisches Methodenrepertoire mit narrativen Interviews, Leitfadeninterviews und teilnehmender Beobachtung Anwendung.Ergebnisse Anhand des Umgangs mit den rechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen der medizinischen Versorgung von Asylsuchenden und mit Sprachinkongruenz wird gezeigt, dass es Ärzt/-innen regelmäßig nicht gelingt, die gesundheitsbezogene Lebenswelt dieser Patientengruppe adäquat und wissenschaftlichen Standards entsprechend in Diagnostik und Therapie zu berücksichtigen. Stattdessen rekurrieren sie im klinischen Alltag häufig auf improvisierte Lösungsansätze oder verschieben die Verantwortung auf andere, oft unbenannte Akteure.Schlussfolgerung Sozialwissenschaftliche Ansätze, v. a. aus der Medizinanthropologie, könnten diese zu Versorgungsdefiziten führenden Schwierigkeiten beheben und sollten daher vermehrt in die ärztliche Aus- und Weiterbildung integriert werden. Dadurch könnten zudem theoretische und methodische Lücken geschlossen werden, die möglicherweise auch in der Versorgung anderer Patientengruppen bedeutsam sind.