bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SCIENCE AND MIDWIFERY: PARADIGMS AND PARADOXES
Authors: Kennedy Holly Powell , Lowe Nancy K. 
Published: July 2002

ABSTRACTThe everyday world of clinical practice is filled with paradigms and paradoxes that stem from the issues of who defines knowledge, how it is generated, and how the individual midwife applies it when providing care for women and families. Research useful for clinical practice should provide evidence to support scientific approaches (models) or strategies (interventions) in caring for women. In a clinical discipline, the answers to research questions should eventually inform clinical decision‐making by providing practical clinical knowledge. This article presents an application of Stevenson's research steps for the development of clinically applicable knowledge that the midwife can use to analyze and evaluate research findings as a basis for practice decisions. Specific examples of midwifery research are used to illustrate each stage in the process and the circular nature of knowledge development. The challenge is to prepare midwives who can apply research findings skillfully using the best evidence to support clinical practice, as well as to groom midwife researchers who will develop systematic programs of relevant research about midwifery practice and outcomes.
Midwifery Care Research: What Questions Are Being Asked? What Lessons Have Been Learned?
Authors: Raisler Jeanne 
Published: July 2002

ABSTRACTPurpose: To create and critically evaluate a research database about midwifery care that identifies topics studied, research methods, results, funding, publication data, and implications for a future midwifery research agenda.Methods: Systematic literature review. Studies included were 1) data‐based research; 2) about midwifery care or practice; 3) in the United States; and 4) published between 1984–1998. The CINAHL and MEDLINE electronic databases were searched using a defined strategy, and relevant journals and bibliographies were searched by hand.Results: This 15‐year review identified 140 studies of midwifery care published in 161 papers. A midwife was the lead author on 60%. Sixty percent were published in the Journal of Nurse‐Midwifery. Six to 15 studies were published each year, and both the number of publications and funding increased over the time period. The six major areas of focus were: 1) midwifery management, 2) structure of care, 3) midwifery practice, 4) midwife–physician comparisons, 5) place of birth, and 6) care of vulnerable populations.Discussion: Although retrospective descriptive studies still predominate, more prospective studies, randomized controlled trials, multi‐site studies, and quasi‐experimental designs are being conducted. Qualitative methods are helping to measure nontraditional outcomes. A research agenda should be established based on discussion and debate within the profession. Midwife investigators need to build research teams and collaborate with other disciplines. Key areas for future research include alternative therapies, breastfeeding, cost‐effectiveness, cultural studies, gynecology, health policy, menopause, post‐partum care, substance abuse interventions, and the woman's experience of birth and midwifery care.
Downregulation of miRNA‐126‐3p is associated with progression of and poor prognosis for lung squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Chen Shang‐Wei , Lu Hui‐Ping , Chen Gang , Yang Jie , Huang Wan‐Ying , Wang Xiang‐Ming , Huang Shu‐Ping , Gao Li , Liu Jun , Fu Zong‐Wang , Chen Peng , Zhai Gao‐Qiang , Luo Jiao , Li Xiao‐Jiao , Huang Zhi‐Guang , Li Zu‐Yun , Gan Ting‐Qing , Yang Da‐Ping , Mo Wei‐Jia , Zhou Hua‐Fu 
Published: June 2020

Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) is the main pathological type of pulmonary malignant tumors; at present, less than 10% of patients with advanced metastatic LUSC live for more than 5 years. We previously reported that low expression of miRNA‐126‐3p is associated with the occurrence and progression of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Here, we examined expression of miRNA‐126‐3p in 23 samples from patients with LUSCs and 23 normal control specimens by quantitative real‐time PCR (RT‐qPCR). Associations between miRNA‐126‐3p expression and clinical features were studied from materials derived from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) chips and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Twelve online platforms were used to identify candidate target genes of miRNA‐126‐3p. Further analyses of the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), Gene Ontology (GO), and protein–protein interaction (PPI) network were performed on the target genes. GEO microarray analysis, TCGA data mining, RT‐qPCR, and integration analysis consistently reported low expression of miRNA‐126‐3p in LUSC. A total of 42 genes were identified as potential target genes of miRNA‐126‐3p from online platforms, GEO microarrays, and the TCGA database. GO and KEGG analyses demonstrated that the target genes are involved in several biological processes that promote the progression of LUSC. SOX2, E2F2, and E2F3 were selected as hub genes from the PPI network for further analysis. In summary, our results suggest that the low expression of miRNA‐126‐3p may play a role in promoting the development of LUSC and miRNA‐126‐3p may be a biomarker for LUSC early diagnosis and prognosis.
How to answer an unanswerable question? Factors affecting correct “don't know” responding in memory tasks
Authors: Lukasik Karolina M. , Kordyńska Katarzyna Kalina , Zawadzka Katarzyna , Hanczakowski Maciej 
Published: June 2020

SummaryWhen reporting from memory, people may often be asked unanswerable questions—questions for which the correct answer has never been encoded. These unanswerable questions should be met with an “I don't know” response. Previous research has shown that a manipulation commonly used to enhance memory at retrieval—context reinstatement—reduces appropriate “do not know” responding to unanswerable questions. Here we investigated whether this reduction is due to increased belief that a given question is answerable, or solely to increased confidence in specific responses for questions already believed to be answerable. In two experiments, we show that context reinstatement reduces “do not know” responding even when a “do not remember” option is available to express beliefs that particular questions are answerable. These results indicate that improved access to contextual information at retrieval creates an erroneous belief that unanswerable questions are in fact answerable.
Combination of IKVAV, LRE, and GPQGIWGQ Bioactive Signaling Peptides Increases Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Derived Neural Stem Cells Extracellular Matrix Remodeling and Neurite Extension
Authors: Perera T. Hiran , Lu Xi , Howell Skyler M. , Kurosu Yuki E. , Smith Callahan Laura A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractExtracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling is emerging as a modulator of neural maturation and axon extension. Most studies have used rodent cells to develop matrices capable of manipulating extracellular matrix remodeling for regenerative applications. However, clinically relevant human induced pluripotent stem cell derived neural stem cells (hNSC) do not always behave in a similar manner as rodent cells. In this study, hNSC response to a hyaluronic acid matrix with laminin derived IKVAV and LRE peptide signaling that has previously shown to promote ECM remodeling and neurite extension by mouse embryonic stem cells is examined. The addition of enzymatically degradable cross linker GPQGIWGQ to the IKVAV and LRE containing hyaluronic acid matrix is necessary to promote neurite extension, hyaluronic acid degradation, and gelatinase expression over hyaluronic acid matrices containing GPQGIWGQ, IKVAV and LRE, or no peptides. Changes in peptide content alters a number of matrix properties that can contribute to the cellular response, but increases in mesh size are not observed with cross linker cleavage in this study. Overall, these data imply a complex interaction between IKVAV, LRE, and GPQGIWGQ to modulate hNSC behavior.
Modular Deformable Steam Electricity Cogeneration System with Photothermal, Water, and Electrochemical Tunable Multilayers
Authors: Meng Fan Lu , Gao Minmin , Ding Tianpeng , Yilmaz Gamze , Ong Wei Li , Ho Ghim Wei 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCapturing solar energy for thermal conversion in a highly efficient manner for steam‐electricity cogeneration is particularly opportune in the context of optimal solar energy utilization for concurrent water‐energy harvesting. Herein, an integrative photothermal evaporator/thermogalvanic cell with the desired optical, heat, water, and electrochemical management for synergistic steam‐electricity production is reported. Versatile layer by‐layer assembly is employed to integrate a hydrogel/metal‐oxide/polymer into a multilayer film with individually addressable thickness, composition, and structure. As such, the ultimate integrative multilayer film cell demonstrates a unified high surface area and conductive electrodes, broadband absorption, rapid water suction‐ion exchange, and thermal insulation properties. Thus, the designed cell immensely suppresses heat losses, achieving a high solar thermal conversion efficiency of 91.4% and maximum power outputs of ≈1.6 mW m−2. Additionally, the self‐floating, deformable, modular integral device presents appealing attributes such as salt‐rejection for viable seawater desalination, high mechanical stability, and resilience to demanding operating conditions, and configurable on‐demand/point‐of‐use tandem structure to maximize clean water and power generation value per area. This integrated strategy may provide prospective opportunities to reduce dependence on fossil fuels and freshwater inputs and solutions for renewable and decentralized clean water and electricity.
A Highly Crystalline Perylene Imide Polymer with the Robust Built‐In Electric Field for Efficient Photocatalytic Water Oxidation
Authors: Zhang Zijian , Chen Xianjie , Zhang Hanjie , Liu Weixu , Zhu Wei , Zhu Yongfa 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA highly crystalline perylene imide polymer (Urea‐PDI) photocatalyst is successfully constructed. The Urea‐PDI presents a wide spectrum response owing to its large conjugated system. The Urea‐PDI performs so far highest oxygen evolution rate (3223.9 µmol g−1 h−1) without cocatalysts under visible light. The performance is over 107.5 times higher than that of the conventional PDI supramolecular photocatalysts. The strong oxidizing ability comes from the deep valence band (+1.52 eV) which is contributed by the covalent‐bonded conjugated molecules. Besides, the high crystallinity and the large molecular dipoles of the Urea‐PDI contribute to a robust built‐in electric field promoting the separation and transportation of photogenerated carriers. Moreover, the Urea‐PDI is very stable and has no performance attenuation after 100 h continuous irradiation. The Urea‐PDI polymer photocatalyst provides with a new platform for the use of photocatalytic water oxidation, which is expected to contribute to clean energy production.
The Urban American Indian Traditional Spirituality Program: Promoting Indigenous Spiritual Practices for Health Equity
Authors: Gone Joseph P. , Tuomi Ashley , Fox Nickole 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBeginning in 2009, Detroit's urban American Indian health center entered into a collaborative and participatory partnership with a university research team. The purpose of the partnership was to incorporate Indigenous traditional healing practices into the health and wellness services at this center. Following extensive consultation with stakeholders at the center, we were commissioned by local decision‐makers to develop a program tailored for members of the urban American Indian community that would introduce and orient these individuals to meaningful participation in Indigenous traditional spirituality. The Urban American Indian Traditional Spirituality Program is a structured curriculum for American Indian community members that introduces and orients participants to meaningful engagement with sacred practices associated with the sweat lodge ceremony. The signature innovation of this program was the recasting of traditional socialization practices into a structured, didactic curriculum that could initiate an enduring spiritual devotional life for American Indian participants toward improved health and well‐being. Created primarily “by Indians, for Indians,” the collaboratively designed curriculum draws on cultural strengths and spiritual empowerment to advance health equity for these marginalized populations.
Bertiella sp. (Meyner, 1895) infection of Alouatta caraya (Humboldt, 1812) in urban and natural environments in Ñeembucú, southwest Paraguay
Authors: Kane John , Smith Rebecca L. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBertiella sp., a cestode known to infect a variety of hosts, including nonhuman primates and humans, was identified in Paraguay as early as 1895, but no systematic analysis of wild primates’ gastrointestinal parasites has ever been carried out in Paraguay. Increased urbanization in southwest Paraguay has pushed the Paraguayan howler monkey (Alouatta caraya) into anthropogenic habitats, particularly in the city of Pilar (Ñeembucú department), giving rise to greater potential for zoonotic transmission between wild primates and humans. From July to December 2018, fecal samples were noninvasively collected from 48 howlers inside Pilar (urban environment), the Pilar Military Base (intermediate environment), and a ranch 27 km outside Pilar in the humid Chaco (natural environment) and analyzed for Bertiella eggs and proglottids using macro‐analysis and formol‐ether sedimentation. Howlers living in the urban environment had the highest rates of Bertiella infection (50% prevalence), with considerably lower infection rates in the intermediate environment (6.25% prevalence) and natural habitats (0% prevalence). A χ2 goodness‐of‐fit test indicated a significant difference between the three habitat types (p = .007, χ2 = 10.005, df = 2). While the habitat seems to impact the frequency of infection, Bertiella was not observed to select for other factors such as age or sex of the primate host. Here we identified a significant increase in the frequency of Bertiella infection in an urban environment, which can then be further transmitted to new hosts with more direct primate contact. Bertiella infection has already been documented in humans in Paraguay, all of which were associated with close primate contact. As howlers move into more urban habitats due to urbanization and habitat fragmentation, Bertiella could be introduced into this new ecosystem and has the potential to cause further infections in humans.
Toward Artificial Mussel‐Glue Proteins: Differentiating Sequence Modules for Adhesion and Switchable Cohesion
Authors: Arias Sandra , Amini Shahrouz , Horsch Justus , Pretzler Matthias , Rompel Annette , Melnyk Inga , Sychev Dmitrii , Fery Andreas , Börner Hans G. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractArtificial mussel‐glue proteins with pH‐triggered cohesion control were synthesized by extending the tyrosinase activated polymerization of peptides to sequences with specific modules for cohesion control. The high propensity of these sequence sections to adopt β‐sheets is suppressed by switch defects. This allows enzymatic activation and polymerization to proceed undisturbed. The β‐sheet formation is regained after polymerization by changing the pH from 5.5 to 6.8, thereby triggering O→N acyl transfer rearrangements that activate the cohesion mechanism. The resulting artificial mussel glue proteins exhibit rapid adsorption on alumina surfaces. The coatings resist harsh hypersaline conditions, and reach remarkable adhesive energies of 2.64 mJ m−2 on silica at pH 6.8. In in situ switch experiments, the minor pH change increases the adhesive properties of a coating by 300 % and nanoindentation confirms the cohesion mechanism to improve bulk stiffness by around 200 %.
Relocating Sterile Processing Activities to an Off‐Site Facility: Cost, Design, and Project Management Considerations
Authors: Cardone April , Grous Carolyn A. 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACTWhen space limitations prevent sterile processing department personnel from meeting the needs of the perioperative departments that they serve, leaders should consider expansion options. At one large multifacility health care system in Pennsylvania, leaders considering expansion assessed several factors, including the costs versus benefits, logistics, real estate space, regulatory requirements, and the overall effect on employees. After reviewing all of the information, the leaders decided to move the sterile processing department for two hospitals and two outpatient centers to an off‐site location. They designed a space to accommodate the sterile processing of instruments for these identified facilities and, if needed, additional facilities in the future. This article highlights the issues that the leaders considered when preparing for the move and discusses the processes and project management structures used to complete the building design.
Clinical Issues—July 2020
Authors: Seeman Kristyn , Ogg Mary J. 
Published: June 2020

THIS MONTH
Ensuring patient safety under time pressure
Key words: on‐time starts, turnover time, briefing, team communication, delays.
Holes in the outer layer of sterilization wraps
Key words: package integrity, defects, sterilization wrap, contaminated item, sterile field.
Changing surgical attire after smoking outside
Key words: surgical attire, cigarette smoke, tobacco smoke, third‐hand smoke, wound healing.
Methemoglobinemia after local anesthesia
Key words: methemoglobinemia, methemoglobin (MetHb), lidocaine‐prilocaine, methylene blue, cyanosis.
Mesoporous silica as smart lubrication containers applied to self‐lubricating polyurethane materials
Authors: Cui Jianbing , Mu Bo , Yang Baoping , Cui Jinfeng , Guo Junhong , Tian Li , Wang Xia 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSelf‐lubricating composite with stimuli‐responsive properties attracts great interest in recent years. Herein, mesoporous silica (MS) as oil‐laden containers is explored to achieve self‐lubricating feature. The as‐prepared MS possesses a high Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller (BET) surface area (1,542.35 m2/g), which satisfies the criterion for construction of ideal repository for storing enough liquid lubricants. In addition, the thermal stimuli‐responsiveness behavior of the oil‐laden mesoporous silica (OMS) for lubrication has been investigated by thermogravimetric analyzer tester. As expected, an excellent tribological performance (friction coefficient and wear rate decreased by 63.29 and 82.63%) is obtained by adding 10 wt% OMS into the polyurathene matrix, showing great promise for self‐lubricating application.
Investigation of packaging adhesive properties by molecular dynamics and experiments
Authors: Cao Kaicong , Zhou Wu , Chen Lili , He Jiangbo , Zhan Li , Chen Qing , Yu Huijun , He Xiaoping 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAdhesive polymer is a common and important material used for packaging of microelectronics and microsystem by attaching dies onto packaging shell, and its mechanical property plays a vital role in isolating dies from the thermal stress of substrate. Therefore, it is extremely significant to evaluate the polymer property in a specific packaging process. The molecular dynamics (MD) simulation is conducted in this article to investigate the material properties of the cross‐linked epoxy resin formed by epoxy resin component diglycidyl ether bisphenol A (DGEBA) and curing agent 1,6‐Diaminohexane. The polymer network with conversion up to 87.5% is successfully generated and simulated by constant pressure‐constant temperature ensemble (NPT) and canonical ensemble (NVT) at different temperatures of curing process. Glass transition temperature (Tg) and Young's modulus are extracted and the predicted material properties are in great agreement with the experimental data. The conclusion provides a guideline to design the special curing process for different adhesive requirements.
The nature of active galaxies based on their radio properties
Authors: Abrahamyan Hayk V. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we investigate radio properties of active galaxies taken from the reference [Véron‐Cetty & Véron (2010)] catalog. The galaxies are limited to magnitudes in the range of 12m − 19m. We have cross‐correlated the list with radio catalogs and selected those galaxies that have data on six or more radio fluxes at different wavelengths. As a result, we have 198 galaxies that satisfy these conditions. Using SDSS DR15, we have obtained 96 spectroscopic identifications of the 198 objects. After the classification, 85% of the 96 objects have changed their types. Available data on the classification of these objects and our classification showed that 56.7% of them are Seyfert galaxies. For all the objects, we have built radio spectra and estimated radio spectral indices. As a result, we obtain , , , ). We discuss the radio properties of active galaxies based on their radio spectral indices.
Begrünte Fassaden aus brandschutztechnischer Sicht
Authors: Engel Thomas , Noder Julia 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn den letzten Jahren gewinnen begrünte Fassaden mit Blick auf eine nachhaltige Stadtentwicklung zunehmend an Bedeutung. Zum Brandverhalten von begrünten Fassaden und der daraus folgenden Brandweiterleitung über die Fassaden steht nur eine geringe Anzahl an Erkenntnissen zur Verfügung. Dieser Aufsatz stellt den aktuellen Stand der Forschung zur brandschutztechnischen Bewertung von begrünten Fassaden dar. Darüber hinaus beschreibt er die Erkenntnisse aus vier durchgeführten orientierenden großmaßstäblichen Brandversuchen mit Fassadenbegrünungen. Bei den untersuchten Begrünungsformen handelt es sich um Kriechspindel, Blauregen, Wilden Wein, Kiwi, Stauden und Kräuter. Die Auswertung der bereits zur Verfügung stehenden und aktuell durchgeführten Versuche zeigt, dass bei der richtigen Wahl der Pflanzenart und Konstruktionsform brandschutztechnisch sichere Lösungen erzielt werden können. Im laufenden Betrieb stellt darüber hinaus die regelmäßige Pflege und Wartung eine wichtige Grundlage dar.
Coassemble dopamine and GHK tripeptide into fluorescent nanoparticles for pH sensing
Authors: Zheng Fan , Guo Jun , Khan Abdul Jamil , Miao Pandeng , Zhang Feng 
Published: June 2020

AbstractFluorescent nanostructures have been widely applied to biomedical researches and clinical diagnosis such as biolabeling/imaging/sensing and have even acted as therapy reagents. Peptide‐based fluorescent nanostructures attract recent interest from biomedical researchers. Inspired by the natural existence of GHK‐Cu complex with a growth factor‐like effect in human blood, here we have developed a novel approach for designing nanosensors through the co‐assembling of two kinds of biomolecules. By making best use of both π‐π stacking between carbon rings and the easy‐oxidation property of an important transmitter molecule, dopamine (DA), we successfully built up a supersensitive and robust fluorescent pH nanosensor by co‐assembling oxidized DA (DAox) with a tripeptide GHK. The GHK‐DAox nanostructures have a quantum yield of 20.82%, which might be the brightest one among all the current co‐assembling structures merely through unmodified biomolecules. We envision this approach could open a new avenue for not only hybrid nanostructure construction, but also may inspire the bioengineering of in vivo luminescent probes.