bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
International Instruments in Administrative Decisions: Mainstreaming International Law
Authors: Poole Melissa 
Published: January 2020

This article considers the development of the role of international instruments in administrative decisions. It compares the changes in New Zealand after the Tavita case with the developments which followed the Teoh case in Australia. The article then proposes the basis for a new attitude to international instruments which would result in the "mainstreaming" of international law.
Nervous Shock, Tort and Accident Compensation: Tort Regained?
Authors: McLay Geoff 
Published: January 2020

This case note examines the recent Court of Appeal decision in Palmer v Danes Shotover Rafts dealing with the relationship between the common law and the Accident Compensation regime. The author acknowledges the practical importance of the Court's holding in Danes Shotover Rafts that plaintiffs who have not suffered physical injury can sue for nervous shock. The author contends that the case is, like the exemplary damages cases, yet another example of the complex interaction between common law and statutory compensation regimes. The author argues that the case may signal a judicial switch from a welfare or communitarian approach to the interpretation of the Accident Compensation scheme to a rights based approach and that gives primacy to common law rights rather than to the integrity of the Accident Compensation scheme. A wider view not based solely on the statutory provisions, or on the assumption that the common law or statutory compensation regimes "trump" one another, but one which views the interaction between the common law and statutory compensation schemes as dynamic, may lead to a greater understanding of the relationship between statutory tort reform and the common law.
A Contract Contradiction
Authors: McLauchlan David W 
Published: January 2020

This article attacks the well established principle of the law of contract that evidence of the parties' negotiations and subjective intentions is not receivable in an interpretation dispute. It argues that the principle is inconsistent with equally well established principles of contract formation. Numerous other reasons for rejecting the principle, including the absence of convincing practical or policy grounds, are also identified and discussed. The author concludes that the courts should never enforce an agreement in accordance with a meaning which reliable evidence may show is contrary to the actual intentions of the parties.
Reviewing Statutory Models of Mediation/Conciliation in New Zealand: Three Conclusions
Authors: Baylis Claire 
Published: January 2020

In the last two decades there has been a trend in New Zealand of enacting statutory models of mediation/ conciliation. This article raises concerns about the treatment of fundamental process issues in the many statutory models and the inconsistencies between the models. The article is based on current research by the author which will be completed by the end of 1999. Some funding for this project has been gratefully received from the Victoria University of Wellington Foundation through the New Zealand Institute for Dispute Resolution.
AGRICULTURAL CONSUMER CREDIT CO-OPERATIONS ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT RESOURCES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL AND MEDIUM BUSINESS
Authors: Teplova Lyubov' , Chuikova Valentine , Afanasyeva Larisa 
Published: January 2020

The aim of the study is a theoretical and methodological justification of the degree of influence of the basic cooperative principles in the activities of agricultural credit consumer cooperatives (SKPK) on the development of small and medium-sized enterprises in the agricultural sector in the context of the essential content and functions performed as key factors in the subject area being studied. developmental SKPK The article conducted a study in terms of the impact of the basic cooperative principles and justification of the impact of agricultural credit consumer cooperatives (SKPK) on the development of small and medium enterprises in the agricultural sector of the economy, understanding the essence and functions, and identifying key factors affecting the development of SKPK. The study is based on a systematic approach to studying the features of the development of agricultural credit consumer cooperation, using monographic, abstract-logical, statistical-economic, abstract and other research methods. Use of monographic,
statistical and economic research revealed the main factors affecting the effective operation of agricultural credit consumer cooperatives. The directions of the analytical assessment were: the number of agricultural credit consumer cooperatives, the main indicators of the development of agricultural credit consumer cooperatives.
OPTIMIZATION OF COSTS FOR THE PROVISION OF PUBLIC SERVICE IN THE SYSTEM OF ENSURING ECONOMIC AND BUDGET SAFETY
Authors: Annenkova Viktoriya , Naryzhny Alexander , Petrova Lyubov' 
Published: January 2020

The relevance and novelty of the work. In modern conditions, the increase in the level of threats to the enterprise is accompanied by an increasing role of economic security of the economic entity and management accounting in the system of economic security. Organization of managerial accounting system to provide public services to virtually any public institutions providing public services. The program allows you to calculate the costs and value of the State normative services (works) in view of the calculation of direct and expense costs, allowing reporting at the level of State and municipal institutions provides consolidating information in the desired volume at the level of ministries with the ability to provide various management reports.
The purpose of the work. Providing primary information collection and processing municipal and regional institutions with a view to optimal planning of payroll staff, calculating the cost of State services (works), get detailed information about the costs in terms of expenditures throughout the State (municipal) institution, and any group of institutions.
The materials and methods of research. Program management decision public service allows you to create accountability at the level of State and municipal institutions. Program configuration management decision "State service" has a two-tiered system, built on the client-server technology.
The results of the work. "Public service" program was implemented and works in the city of Saratov, in the Ministry of social development of the region.
Paradigma Islam Rasional Harun Nasution: Membumikan Teologi Kerukunan
Authors: Irfan Muhammad 
Published: January 2020

<em>Harun Nasution (1919-1998) dikenal luas oleh kaum intelegensia Indonesia sebagai salah seorang ilmuan yang tekun mendalami berbagai bidang kajian keislaman, seperti ilmu kalam, falsafah, dan tasawuf. Salah satu dari kontribusinya adalah pengenalan pendekatan baru dalam studi Islam, yaitu. pendekatan filsafat dengan titik tekan pada rasio, “Rasionalisme” (akal) atau yang lebih dikenal dengan Islam Rasional. Perhatian Harun Nasution bukan saja terfokus pada bidang keilmuan Islam, tetapi juga terhadap permasalahan yang dihadapi umat Islam, khususnya di Indonesia. Di tengah maraknya isu-isu disharmonis, ketidakrukunan, kekerasan bahkan konflik, yang mengatasnamakan agama, maka pemikiran Islam rasional yang digagas oleh Harun Nasution merupakan solusi tawaran dalam memahami agama dalam rangka menwujudkan kerukunan umat beragama. Pemikran Islam rasional tidak hanya terbatas bagi umat Islam dalam mamahami agama secara rasional, tetapi dapat diterapkan pada agama lain dalam memahami agama secara rasional. Dengan pemahaman agama secara rasional, maka dapat membangun kerangka berpikir yang rasional dalam menyikapi persoalan umat manusia dan pemahaman agama secara rasional memberi kontribusi yang besar bagi terwujudnya kerukunan umat beragama. </em>
PENTINGNYA SOSIALISASI BAGI ANAK
Authors: M.Si Ismail 
Published: January 2020

<p>Sosialisasi merupakan proses belajar tentang segala sesuatu<strong> </strong>di dalam kehidupan yang meliputi bahasa, norma, nilai, sistem kemasyarakatan, ilmu pengetahuan, mata pencaharian, kesenian, agama, dan lainnya. Pentingnya sosialisasi bagi setiap anak menjadi kewajiban bagi para orang tua, masyarakat, dan pemerintah untuk mengajarkan serta mewariskannya kepada setiap anak. Sekarang ini masih banyak para orang tua, masyarakat, dan pemerintah menganggap sepele terhadap proses sosialisasi yang dialami oleh setiap anak, akibatnya anak tersebut kurang mengetaui mana yang baik dan mana buruk. Sosialisasi yang baik dapat dilihat dari perilaku seorang anak dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat yaitu sesuai norma, nilai, dan budaya di masyarakat.</p><p> </p><pre><em>Socialization is the process of learning about everything in life which includes </em></pre><pre><em>language, norms, values, social systems, science, livelihoods, arts, religion, and </em></pre><pre><em>others. The importance of socialization for each child is an obligation for parents,</em></pre><pre><em> the community, and the government to teach and inherit it to every child. Now </em></pre><pre><em>there are still many parents, communities, and the government that consider </em></pre><pre><em>trivial to the socialization process experienced by every child, as a result </em></pre><pre><em>the child is less knowledgeable about what is good and what is bad. Good </em></pre><pre><em>socialization can be seen from the behavior of a child in community life that is </em></pre><pre><em>according to the norms, values, and culture in the community.</em></pre><pre><em> </em></pre><p><strong><em>Keywords: Socialization, Children</em></strong></p>
Exploring ICT Indicators for ‘Smart Cities’ in Nepal: Lalitpur Metropolitan City
Authors: Karki Arjun , Dahal Sudhamshu 
Published: January 2020

The study explores the existing technological infrastructure in the proposed 'smart cities' in Nepal. It follows the proponents of structural existence and interactivity patterns according to the Structuration Theory by Anthony Giddens (1991). This study incorporating qualitative as well as quantitative data has attempted to compare the digital status of Nepal with Asian and South Asian countries. It is found that local administrations in towns and in villages are continuously working to bring their areas under connection by the installation of CCTVs, smart poles, smart maps, internet infrastructure and other ICT infrastructure. The study used content analysis of documents and survey conducted in Lalitpur Metropolitan City (LMC). The study recommends the four main areas viz., strict policies and practicable guidelines/directives; installation of ICT infrastructure; implanting skill and ICT qualified human resources and construction of robust websites. If the Government of Nepal works in these four areas then the country will step in the track of formation of ‘smart cities’ in Nepal.
Int. J. Soc. Sc. Manage. Vol. 7, Issue-1: 1-11
Penetrating Wooden Injury : Wooden Stick
Authors: Siregar Rais , Dharmajaya Ridha , Mahyudanil  
Published: January 2020

Background : Accidental penetrating brain injury is relatively uncommon representing about 0.4% of all head injuries. Penetrating brain injury (PBI) were divided into Missile and Non missile penetrating head injuries (NPHIs). Non missile penetrating head injuries (NPHIs) are relatively rare compared with missile injuries. Wooden Penetrating Brain Injury is one of Non missile penetrating head injuries (NPHIs)
Case Report : 20-year-old male presented with Decreased of Conciousness. History revealed that he was riding motorcycle and had an crash injury with other motorcycle rider from a head. He fell down and a broken wooden stick entered into his skull. Airway was clear, Breathing was spontan and respiratory rate 26 per minutes, Circulatory finding were warm skin, pulse rate of 118 per minute and blood pressure of 140/80 mm Hg, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score on admission was E3M5V4. Radiology Imaging finding a foreign body in Left Frontal Lobe.
Discussion : Wooden Penetrating Brain Injury was Nonmissile penetrating head injuries (NPHIs). The pathophysiology is similar to closed head injuries causing cerebral contusion or intracranial hemorrhage, but there is more chance of infection. Primary survey and stabilization of the patient with regard to the airway, breathing, cervical spine, and circulation including external hemorrhage. Computed tomography (CT) scanning of the head is primary modality . MRI can be a useful neuroradiologic modality if a penetrating object is a wood. Patient was performed Craniectomy Debridement and was treated with triple antibiotic regiment.
Conclusion : The management of PBI differs considerably from nonpenetrating brain injury because of the unique mechanism of injury and pathophysiology involved in this type of trauma In this patient surgical treatment was undergoing after 12 h. Patient was treated with triple antibiotic regiment and was discharged on 7th day post operation. The recovery of the patient went uneventfull. Patient gained back his conciousness without any neurological deficit.
Key words : Penetrating Brain Injury, Nonmissile, Wooden stick
Mobilność urzędnicza w ujęciu teoretycznym
Authors: Świetlikowski Łukasz 
Published: January 2020

Autor argumentuje na rzecz tezy, że mobilność urzędnicza – odnosząca się do ścieżek karier urzędników państwowych – jest ściśle związana z polityką utożsamianą nie tylko z walką o władzę (dominujące ujęcie politologiczne), ale również z polityką publiczną. Na tym tle analizuje mobilność zawodową urzędników, uwzględniając procesy polityzacji i profesjonalizacji administracji. Bada związek tego zjawiska z systemami służby cywilnej (zamknięty i otwarty) oraz modelami rządzenia (Weberowska biurokracja, nowe zarządzanie publiczne, współzarządzanie/współrządzenie, w tym dobre rządzenie). Określa rodzaj wpływu mobilności na profesjonalizm urzędników i sprawność państwa. W tym celu rozpatruje także typowe wady i zalety mobilności urzędniczej oraz wpływ, jaki na nią samą wywierają politycy.
Pengembangan Ruang Terbuka Hijau Kawasan Sungai Winongo Di Kricak Kota Yogyakarta
Authors: Firianti Wahidatul Rizqi 
Published: January 2020

Kuantitas dan kualitas ruang terbuka publik terutama Ruang Terbuka Hijau (RTH) saat ini mengalami penurunan yang sangat signifikan dan mengakibatkan penurunan kualitas lingkungan hidup perkotaan yang berdampak keberbagai sendi kehidupan perkotaan antara lain sering terjadinya banjir, peningkatan pencemaran udara, dan menurunnya produktivitas masyarakat akibat terbatasnya ruang yang tersedia untuk interaksi sosial. Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk menjelaskan analisis pengembangan Ruang terbuka hijau dan kritik teori didalamnya. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif. Setelah data lapangan lengkap selanjutnya dianalisis dengan menarik sebuah kesimpulan. Untuk menguji hasil data lapangan, penulis mencoba melakukan validitas dengan metode trianggulasi. Hasil temuan penelitian ini adalah adanya tiga upaya pengembangan Ruang Terbuka Hijau yang partisipatif yakni, Ekologis, Edukatif, dan ekonomis guna berdaya saing dengan era globalisasi dalam pembangunan berkelanjutan. Selain itu juga ada beberapa kritikan tokoh yang melihat pengembangan kawasan ini sebagai batasan pertumbuhan dibidang biofisik dan etika sosial. Penulis juga menemukan beberapa kebijakan yang terkait dengan pengembangan Ruang Terbuka Hijau dan analisis pengembangan kawasan Ruang Terbuka Hijau.
Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Mahasiswa Menggunakan Metode Blended Learning pada Mata Kuliah Geometri Analitik di Universitas Muhammadiyah Sorong
Authors: Arsyad Rahmatullah Bin , Fathurrahman Muh. 
Published: January 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar Geometri Analitik dengan Metode Belended Learning pada Mahasiswa Pendidikan Matematika Universitas Muhammadiyah Sorong. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas (class room action receach) yang terdiri dari beberapa tahap yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi/evaluasi dan refleksi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan pada bulan Juni – Juli 2019. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada mata kuliah geometri analitik di universitas muhammadiyah sorong. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa banyaknya mahasiswa yang tuntas pada pembelajaran geometri analitik setelah diberikan tindakan pada siklus I sebanyak 43% dan mengalami peningkat pada siklus II sebesar 86%. Sama halnya dengan hasil belajar, peningkatan terjadi juga pada hasil observasi peningkatan motivasi pembelajaran mahasiswa pada materi geometri analitik, frekuensi indikator bertanya sebesar 76%, menjawab sebesar 67%, memberi pendapat sebesar 67%, bekerja sama sebesar 90%, dan minat sebesar 86%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa motivasi belajar geometri analitik mahasiswa mengalami peningkatan setelah diterapkan metode belajar blended learning.
ASERTIF TRAINING MENINGKATKAN KOMUNIKASI INTERPERSONAL SISWA SMKN X
Authors: Astinah Astinah 
Published: January 2020

This research is an experimental research with the aim of providing treatment in the form of assertive training interventions to improve interpersonal communication skills of class X students majoring in Marketing at SMKN X. This research uses a quasi experimental design with nonrandomized pretest-posttest control group design. The data are collected through observation, interviews, FGD, and interpersonal communication scale (Puspitasari, 2012). The data are analyzed by using SPSS 16.0 for windows with non-parametric statistical analysis paired sample t-test. The results showed that assertive training improved students' interpersonal communication skills. This can be observed from the statistical analysis between pre-test and post-test obtained p = 0,000 (p 0.05). In addition, an increase also occurred in the results of statistical analysis between post test and follow up with a value of p = 0,000 (p 0.05). Keywords: Interpersonal Communication, Assertive, Assertive Training, SMKN Students
Perancangan Sistem Informasi Selam Program Studi Ekowisata Bawah Laut Politeknik Negeri Manado
Authors: Pesik Mex U. , Parassa Yonathan 
Published: January 2020

Ekowisata Wisata Bawah Laut adalah salah satu program studi di Politeknik Negeri Manado yang salah satu tujuannya adalah untuk mendukung dunia pariwisata di Indonesia Khususnya di Provinsi Sulawesi Utara. Pengolahan Data selam pada Program Studi Ekowisata Bawah Laut selama ini dilakukan dengan cara mencatat di buku. Menyelam dimana, perangkat yang digunakan, waktu penyelaman dan hal lain yang menyangkut penyelaman dilakukan dengan cara mencatat. Kebutuhan akan pengolahan data peyelaman berbasis komputer dirasakan sangat mendesak. Selain untuk kebutuhan perekaman data, memproses dan dalam melaporkan kegiatan perkuliahan. Tujuan perancangan sistem informasi selam Program Studi Ekowisata Bawah Laut adalah merancang dan membuat sistem pengolahan data penyelaman berbasis komputer sehingga pengolahan data penyelaman yang selama ini dilakukan dengan cara mencatat di buku akan dilakukan dengan menggunakan aplikasi baik untuk merekam, memproses data dan menghasilkan informasi. Metode yang digunakan untuk membangun sistem menggunakan metode waterfall, dimulai dengan tahapan penetapan kebutuhan sistem, desain, implementasi dan pengujian unit, integrasi dan pengujian sistem kemudian tahapan operasi dan perawatan. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah Perangkat Lunak Sistem informasi selam pada program studi ekowisata bawah laut Politeknik Negeri ManadoUnderwater Tourism Ecotourism is one of the study programs in the Manado State Polytechnic which one supports to support the world of tourism in Indonesia, especially in North Sulawesi Province. Diving Data Processing in the Underwater Ecotourism Study Program so far has been done by recovering in books. Diving where, equipment used, time diving and other things that save diving is done by recovering. The need for computer-based dive data processing was received very satisfactorily. In addition to the purposes of data recording, processing and reporting of lecture activities. The purpose of designing an information system for the Underwater Ecotourism Study Program is to organize and create a computer-based diving data processing system for data processing diving which has been done by updating books to be carried out using good applications to assist, process data and produce information. The method used to build the system using the waterfall method, starting with the stages of determining the system requirements, design, implementation and unit testing, integration and testing of the system begins the operation and maintenance stages. The results of this study are Dive Information System Software in the underwater ecotourism study program Manado State Polytechnic
Pemeliharaan Itik Sistem Gembala Sebagai Upaya Peternak Itik Petelur Dalam Memanfaatkan Sumber Daya Alam Di Pesisir Danau Tondano Kabupaten Minahasa
Authors: Pangemanan Stevy P. , Endoh E. , Rawis J. O. , Warouw Z. 
Published: January 2020

Ternak itik sudah lama dikembangkan di kabupaten Minahasa khususnya didaerah pinggiran danau Tondano yang memiliki luas 4.620 ha dan daerah persawahan kabupaten Minahasa yang cukup luas yaitu 13.002 ha. Daerah ini memiliki potensi sumber daya alam yang sesuai dengan perkembangan ternak itik sebagai sumber pakan alam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui manfaat ekonomi dan manfaat lainnya dari system gembala yang dilakukan peternak. Penelitian menggunakan metode survery dan hasil dianalisis secara deskriptif tentang jumlah curahan tenaga kerja system gembala (JKSP) yang selanjutnya dikonversi sebagai biaya pakan alam ternak itik. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa 64% peternak itik sistim gembala melakukan pindah lokasi daerah gembala kurang dari kurang dari 4 kali dalam setahun dan 36% melakukan lebih dari 4 kali dalam setahun. Sistim gembala memberikan nilai ekonomi sebesar Rp.28.000 per hari utuk nilai pakan yang didapat di alamDuck farming has long been developed in the minahasa distric, especially in the outskirt of tondano lake that has an area of 4.620 ha and paddy fields with an area of 13.002 ha. This area has potential natural resources for ducks as a natural feed resources. This research aims to determine the economic benefit dan other benefit of the duck rerar system. Research using survey methods and result are analyzed descriptively about the allocation labour (JKSP) of the duck rerar system which is further converted as the cost of feed ducks. The result showed that 64% of the farmers shepherd system did relocated less than 4 times a year and 36% did more than four times a year. Duck rerar system provides economic value or Rp. 28.000 per day of the feed gained in nature