bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lower limb strength and depression: a national cross‐sectional study of an elderly population in China
Authors: Cai Taoyang , Ge‐Zhang Shangjie , Liu Yanru 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe relationship between lower limb strength and depression in the elderly remains underexplored. This study aims to investigate this relationship using representative samples from China.MethodsA total of 3421 elderly people aged 60 and above from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) were included. Five Times Sit‐to‐Stand (5TSTS) test was used to group the strength of lower limbs, and subjects’ demographic characteristics, lifestyle behaviour and health index were evaluated. After adjusting the related variables, the relationship between lower limb strength and depression was determined by logistic regression model, and whether the relationship between lower limb strength and depression was related to different ages was further studied.ResultsThere were 1222 (35.7%) participants suffering from depression. Higher lower limb strength was associated with a lower likelihood of depression. Compared to the weakest group (Q1), those with stronger lower limb strength had significantly lower adjusted odds ratio (OR) for depression: OR ranged from 0.722 (95% CI: 0.589–0.886) to 0.446 (95% CI: 0.359–0.553). The relationship between lower limb strength and depression varied by age.LimitationsThis cross‐sectional study cannot establish causality. Additionally, depression assessment relied on self‐reports, which may introduce bias. Future longitudinal studies should consider other psychological and social factors to comprehensively understand the determinants of depression in the elderly.ConclusionThere is a correlation between lower limb strength and depression, that is, the incidence of depressive symptoms in the elderly with better lower limb strength is lower, and this significant correlation has been proved in both sexes and almost all age groups.
Gastritis over Gastrisus Sharp (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Xanthopygina): Resolving a major taxonomic impediment with phylogenomics
Authors: Brunke Adam J. , Chatzimanolis Stylianos 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWith 334 species, the subtribe Xanthopygina forms a diverse and ecologically dominant component of the Neotropical beetle fauna, ranging from the southern United States south to Argentina. Species can be abundant in a variety of microhabitats and are frequently encountered in tropical forests. Although a number of morphologically distinct genera are now well defined and identifiable, the subtribe still suffers from several poorly defined genera with relatively generalized morphology. The worst of these is the genus Gastrisus Sharp, which has never had a morphological definition per se and has, over time, accumulated many morphologically disparate species. This nebulous concept of Gastrisus has further made it difficult to generically assign and describe new species. Here we assembled a phylogenomic dataset using anchored hybrid enrichment across a broad sample of Xanthopygina, including nearly all described genera, a representation of morphological variation within Gastrisus and a number of undescribed taxa we were unable to assign to a genus. Both maximum likelihood and coalescent analyses converged on a well resolved and stable topology for the subtribe, which will serve as a critical framework for continued taxonomic progress in Xanthopygina. Nine major lineages were identified, most congruent with previous work. The limits of Gastrisus were successfully identified, and the monophyletic core of the genus was recovered as sister to a redefined Nausicotus Sharp, which included Torobus syn. n. Several large species of Gastrisus were resolved as a clade of the Xanthopygus group and are here placed in Drepanagrios gen. n. An additional six new genera were discovered but will be described and treated in detail in future papers. In addition to Gastrisus, Phanolinus Sharp, Xenopygus Bernhauer, Phanolinopsis Scheerpeltz and Ocyolinus Sharp were recovered as paraphyletic, resulting in Elecatopselaphus syn. n. (=Phanolinus), the re‐validation of Leptodiastemus Bernhauer stat. ressur. and the redefinition of Xenopygus, Phanolinopsis and Ocyolinus. We propose Phanolinus scheerpeltzi nom. n. as a replacement name for Phanolinus peruvianus (Scheerpeltz 1972, nec Bernhauer 1917) (previously Elecatopselaphus).
Minimum Overnight Interstitial Glucose Concentration in Professional Cyclists During Two Consecutive Annual Training Camps: The Limited Impact of Daily Exercise Energy Expenditure
Authors: Zignoli Andrea , Martinez-Gonzalez Borja , Skroce Kristina , Lipman David J. , Zisser Howard C. , Giorgi Andrea 
Published: December 2024

This observational study investigated the use of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in a team of professional cyclists without diabetes during two consecutive annual training camps. The goal of the study was twofold: to present the aggregated CGM metrics such as day/overnight CGM average (DAYAVG/OVNAVG) for this group of professional cyclists and to study the association between exercise energy expenditure (megajoules per day), carbohydrate intake (grams), and minimum overnight CGM values (millimoles per liter). Linear mixed models were employed in the analysis. Data were available for 26 cyclists (22 participated in both training camps). CGM levels reported (DAYAVG = 6.37 ± 0.54 mmol/L and OVNAVG = 5.30 ± 0.52 mmol/L), are not typically seen in healthy individuals not engaged in intensive exercise routines. Results showed that minimum overnight CGM values significantly fluctuated throughout the training camp, but a statistically significant association between exercise energy expenditure (p = .0839) or carbohydrate intake (p = .059) and minimum overnight CGM values could not be detected. This research contributes to the literature on CGM use in professional athletes and underscores the need for further studies to fully understand the benefits and limitations of CGM to guide sports performance.
Knowledge about diabetic retinopathy, eye check-up service utilisation and associated factors among adult diabetic patients at public hospitals of southeastern Ethiopia, 2022
Authors: Ahmed Abdulaziz Temam , Abduku Muhammadawwal , Aliyi Ahmednur Adem , Tahir Anwar 
Published: December 2024

ObjectiveThe objective of the study is to assess knowledge of diabetic retinopathy, eye check-up service utilisation and associated factors among adult diabetic patients at public hospitals in southeastern Ethiopia in 2022.SettingThe study was conducted at Ginnir General and Goba Referral Hospital in southeast Ethiopia.DesignThe study was designed as a facility-based cross-sectional study.ParticipantsSystematically selected adult diabetic patients were the participants of the study.Primary outcomeThe primary outcomes are knowledge about diabetic retinopathy and eye check-up service utilisation.ResultsOf the 422 samples, 401 study participants participated with a 95% response rate. 254 (63.3%) (95% CI 58.5, 68%) and 37% (95% CI 32.5, 42%) of the participants had good knowledge of diabetic retinopathy and good uptake of eye check-up service, respectively. Educational status of greater than 12th grade, possession of health insurance and good attitude towards diabetic retinopathy prevention were factors associated with good knowledge about diabetic retinopathy. In addition, urban residence, level of education of >grade 12, having health insurance, good knowledge of diabetic retinopathy and good attitude towards prevention of diabetic retinopathy were significantly associated with good utilisation of eye check-up services.ConclusionsCompared with the WHO and other recommendations, diabetic patients have low knowledge and utilisation of eye check-up services for diabetic retinopathy.
Parental experience with childhood COVID-19 vaccines and factors associated with parental hesitancy despite being vaccinated: findings of a cross-sectional analysis from Pakistan and implications for the future
Authors: Salman Muhammad , Mallhi Tauqeer Hussain , Khan Yusra Habib , Ul Mustafa Zia , Tanweer Abiha , Ikram Muneeba , Hussain Khalid , Butt Muhammad Hammad , Ramdas Nishana , Meyer Johanna C , Godman Brian 
Published: December 2024

ObjectivesThis study examined parental experiences with COVID-19 vaccination and factors contributing to COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy (CVH) among them to help guide future policy initiatives.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingLahore, the second largest metropolis in Pakistan.ParticipantsThis study was conducted among parents residing in Lahore from March to April 2023. Participants were recruited via convenience sampling.Outcome measuresData were collected using a prevalidated questionnaire that consisted of four sections: (1) informed consent, (2) demographic details, (3) COVID-19 vaccine uptake in children aged 5–17 years, parents’ experience with childhood COVID-19 vaccination and their intention to vaccinate their unvaccinated children and (4) a modified 5C scale tailored to determine parents’ confidence, complacency, constraints, calculation and collective responsibility with regard to COVID-19 vaccination.ResultsThis study included 414 parents (median age=37 years; mothers=62%). COVID-19 vaccination rates for children in the age groups 12–17 years and 5–11 years were 72.5% and 30.1%, respectively. Transient adverse events following immunisation were reported by 32.7% of parents. Of parents with unvaccinated children aged 12–17 years, only 35% intended to vaccinate them. The majority of parents were not willing to vaccinate their children below 11 years of age. Parents with a self-reported positive history of COVID-19 disease (OR=2.531, p=0.016), and confident in the vaccine’s safety and efficacy (OR=1.968, p=0.010), were more inclined to vaccinate their 5–11 years. In terms of vaccination of children below 5 years, confidence in the vaccine (OR=2.942, p=0.003) and a sense of collective responsibility were positive predictors (OR=2.260, p=0.035), while calculation was identified as a negative predictor of parents’ intention to vaccinate their under 5 years (OR=0.421, p=0.018).ConclusionCVH was significantly higher among parents of children aged 5–11 years and children younger than 5 years old. Priority should be given by health authorities to address parental concerns about vaccines and ensure that parents understand the significance of vaccination in protecting their children, to increase vaccination rates. This is because hesitancy towards one specific vaccine can negatively impact hesitancy rates in general.
Knowledge, attitudes and practice questionnaires in dengue, Zika, chikungunya and yellow fever settings: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Robayo Gonzalez Claudia Ximena , Nasri Bouchra , Szaroz Daniel , Zinszer Kate 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionArboviruses are a broad classification of viral pathogens that require vectors such as mosquitoes for infection transmission. The burden of arboviral diseases worldwide is substantial, affecting millions of people annually, with theAedes aegyptimosquito responsible for spreading several common arboviruses, including dengue, chikungunya, Zika and yellow fever. One public health strategy to control and prevent these viruses is to influence community members’ behaviours related to reducing the breeding sites ofAedesmosquitoes, and knowledge, attitudes and practice (KAP) questionnaires are often used as part of these education campaigns.ObjectivesTo explore the content of KAP questionnaires and methodologies used to evaluate arboviral infections, focusing on dengue, Zika, chikungunya and yellow fever.Methods and analysisTo identify and describe KAP questionnaires for the selected arboviral infections, a scoping review will be performed and reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Scoping Review Extension guidelines. Scientific databases such as MEDLINE, Cochrane, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scielo and LILACS will be searched systematically. Two independent reviewers will screen the title and abstract, followed by a full-text review of the selected articles using the COVIDENCE platform. The extracted information will include citation details, the type of arbovirus, the type of questions in each domain, the scoring system, the theoretical framework and the statistical analysis. The results will be presented comprehensively in tables and figures.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval is not required. Knowledge transfer will be conducted through conference presentations and publications.
Unlocking the transformative potential of data science in improving maternal, newborn and child health in Africa: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Akuze Joseph , Ngatia Bancy , Amare Samson Yohannes , Wanduru Phillip , Otieno Grieven P , Kananura Rornald M , Fati Kirakoya-Samadoulougou , Amouzou Agbessi , Estifanos Abiy Seifu , Ohuma Eric 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionApplication of data science in maternal, newborn, and child health (MNCH) across Africa is variable with limited documentation. Despite efforts to reduce preventable MNCH morbidity and mortality, progress remains slow. Accurate data are crucial for holding countries accountable for tracking progress towards achieving the Sustainable Development Goal 3 targets on MNCH. Data science can improve data availability, quality, healthcare provision and decision-making for MNCH programmes. We aim to map and synthesise data science use cases in MNCH across Africa.Methods and analysisWe will develop a conceptual framework encompassing seven domains: (1) infrastructure and systemic challenges, (2) data quality, (3) data governance, regulatory dynamics and policy, (4) technological innovations and digital health, (5) capacity development, human capital and opportunity, (6) collaborative and strategic frameworks and (7) recommendations for implementation and scaling.We will use a scoping review methodology involving literature searches in seven databases, grey literature sources and data extraction from the Digital Health Atlas. Three reviewers will screen articles and extract data. We will synthesise and present data narratively and use tables, figures and maps. Our structured search strategy across academic databases and grey literature sources will find relevant studies on data science in MNCH in Africa.Ethics and disseminationThis scoping review does not require formal ethical review and approval because it will not involve collecting primary data. The findings will showcase gaps, opportunities, advances, innovations, implementation and areas needing additional research. They will also propose next steps for integrating data science in MNCH programmes in Africa. The implications of our findings will be examined in relation to possible methods for enhancing data science in MNCH, such as community and clinical settings, monitoring and evaluation. This study will illuminate data science applications in addressing MNCH issues and provide a holistic view of areas where gaps exist and where there are opportunities to leverage and tap into what already exists. The work will be relevant for stakeholders, policymakers and researchers in the MNCH field to inform planning. Findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals, conferences, policy briefs, blogs and social media platforms.
Comparing the construct validity of measurement instruments for pain and stiffness in patients with axial spondyloartwhritis: cross-sectional analysis in the OASIS cohort
Authors: Capelusnik Dafne , Nikiphorou Elena , Boonen Annelies , Christensen Robin , van der Heijde Désirée , Landewé Robert , van Tubergen Astrid , Ramiro Sofia 
Published: December 2024

ObjectivesTo compare the construct validity, including discrimination between known groups, of three pain and three morning stiffness (MS) measurement instruments.MethodsPatients with radiographic axial spondyloarthritis with 8-year data from the Outcome in Ankylosing Spondylitis International Study cohort were assessed cross-sectionally. Three instruments for pain and three for MS, all self-reported and scored 0–10, were compared. Construct validity was evaluated by testing (1) hypothesis of correlations’ strength and (2) discrimination between known groups using standardised mean differences (SMD) across external constructs. Influence of contextual factors (CFs) on SMDs was investigated.ResultsOf 85 patients, mean age was 54 (SD 11), mean symptom duration 31 (11) years, 71% males. All six instruments showed a good construct validity by fulfilling >75% of the hypotheses for the strength of correlation. Neck/back/hip pain (Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index-Question 2, BASDAI-Q2) and total back pain had higher SMDs compared with back pain at night across all between-group comparisons, with BASDAI-Q2 performing mostly slightly better (eg, SMD for external construct Axial Spondyloarthritis Disease Activity Score (ASDAS; ≥2.1 vs <2.1): 1.87 (BASDAI-Q2) vs 1.56 (total back pain) vs 1.07 (back pain at night)). MS-severity and severity/duration had higher SMDs across all external constructs (with MS-severity slightly better), while MS-duration performed worse (eg, SMD external construct ASDAS: 1.51 (MS-severity) and 1.39 (MS-severity/duration) vs 1.16 (MS-duration)). Influence of CFs on known group discrimination was limited.ConclusionsThe recommended Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society Core Outcome Set (ASAS-COS) pain measurement instrument total back pain BASDAI-Q2 has the best known group discrimination. For MS, the ASAS-COS stiffness measure (MS-severity/duration) performs well although MS-severity even slightly better. Known group discrimination is overall stable across CFs.
Hydrogen Detection Performance of a Pt-AlGaN/GaN HEMT Sensor at High Temperatures in Air Ambient
Authors: Li Wenmao , Sokolovskij Robert , Jiang Yang , Wen Kangyao , Hu Qiaoyu , Deng Chenkai , Wang Qing , Yu Hongyu 
Published: December 2024

A Pt-gated AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) was fabricated and used for sensing hydrogen (H2) gas in air ambient at extreme temperatures. Compared to previous studies, this work extends the investigation of GaN HEMT device H2 detection capabilities to temperatures as high as 450 °C in air background. The performance of the device was comprehensively demonstrated and analyzed over a wide temperature range from 200 to 450 °C. To begin with, an optimum operating drain-source (V

ds
) and gate-source voltages (V

gs
) were found as 4.5 and 0 V, respectively. At this bias, the sensor demonstrated the highest sensitivity (28.19%) in conjunction with fast response (48.62 s), and recovery time (109.48 s) at 450 °C. The impact of temperature on sensitivity, response, and recovery time was also discussed, revealing that sensitivity ranged from 24.9 to 28.2% between 250 and 450 °C, which is significantly higher than the sensitivity at 200 °C (18.8%). Additionally, response times under 50 s were obtained from 350 to 450 °C, with the lowest being 39.54 s at 400 °C. Furthermore, the signal-to-noise ratio consistently exceeded 30 dB across the temperature range of 250 to 450 °C. Finally, the first-derivative method, utilized for assessing the triggering capability of the sensor, revealed peak performance at 300 °C.
Irisin Alleviates Cognitive Impairment by Inhibiting AhR/NF‐κB‐NLRP3‐Mediated Pyroptosis of Hippocampal Neurons in Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Zhang Jialing , Dong Xingtong , Pang Qi , Zhang Aihua 
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Cognitive impairment is a vital complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD). The effect of irisin on CKD‐induced cognitive impairment remains unclear. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the role of Irisin in mitigating cognitive impairment and explore the underlying mechanisms in CKD.Methods: A CKD mice model was established by adenine. Cognitive function was assessed via the novel object recognition (NOR). Interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) levels were measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), while pyroptosis‐related protein expression was analyzed using western blotting.Results: Our data showed an upregulation of cell pyroptosis in hippocampus tissues of CKD mice, accompanied by significant cognitive impairment. Pyroptosis and cognitive impairment was both improved by Irisin treatment in vivo. Additionally, irisin markedly downregulated pyroptosis levels through aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)/NF‐κB p65 signaling in HT‐22 cells pretreated with indoxyl sulfate (IS). In vitro experiments further confirmed that pyroptosis was inhibited by AhR and NF‐κB p65 inhibitors.Conclusions: We first demonstrated that irisin alleviated cognitive impairment by inhibiting AhR/NF‐κB‐NLRP3‐mediated pyroptosis of hippocampal neurons in CKD. Overall, irisin may have the potential to serve as a critical antipyroptotic agent for improving CKD‐induced cognitive impairment.
Réformes de l’enseignement supérieur et sélection des étudiantes: le cas de la France (1999-2018)
Authors: Sargeac Mélanie 
Published: December 2024

Since the end of the 20th century, French and European policies have been building up higher education and research (ESR) as one of the main levers of competitiveness in the international economic sphere. In particular, the higher education reforms enacted in France between 1999 and 2018 are evidence of a particularly intense reform drive, marked by an increased desire to regulate access to different resources – to research funding Under the LPR and to university education under the ORE law – in the context of competition between players as a tool for managing higher education. In analysing this paradigm change, which places at the centre of the quantified management of higher education the objective of making it a central lever for economic growth, we highlight the chronology of different laws in parallel with the analysis of this reform process. Through a more specific study of the law relating to student orientation and success, known as the ‘ORE’ law, promulgated on 8 March 2018, at the origin of the implementation of the Parcoursup platform, we seek to highlight how investment in the quantification of higher education leads more broadly to support a policy of individualities.
Use of Standardized Dosing Sheets in Pediatric Emergency Care: Experience in a Third-Level Hospital
Authors: Serralabós-Ferré Júlia , Castillo-Gomez Fatima , Sensarrich-Roset Mireia , Barceló-Carceller Irene , Gonzalez-Rioja Xoan 
Published: December 2024

Objectives: Medication errors are one of the main causes of avoidable injuries in health care. With the aim of reducing them, a set of sheets with precalculated doses (by weight intervals) and preparation guidelines of the most common drugs in emergencies (Farmacards) was implemented in a Pediatric Emergency Department, replacing the previous manual calculation system. The aim of the study is to assess the staff’s perception of safety and usefulness of the new dosing system. Study design: Pre-post intervention comparative analysis was performed by distributing an opinion questionnaire to pediatric emergency department staff in 2017 (manual calculation in situ) and 2023 (Farmacards). We obtained 60 and 55 responses, respectively, and analyzed the characteristics of the sample and the perception of the new method. Results: Five years after its introduction, 88.5% were aware of its existence, 86.9% knew where to find it, and 76% used it “always or almost always” for critically ill patients. Greater use was observed among personnel with more years of work experience (Spearman, P = .057) and among nurses (Mann-Whitney, P < .001). The new method improved the level of perceived safety, especially for nurses (Mann-Whitney, P = .008). Conclusions: Standardized medication dosing systems in emergency situations aim to reduce medical errors and minimize iatrogenesis, participating in safety culture. According to the results of our study, the implementation of Farmacards shows a good acceptance by the staff and in the perception of patient safety, which is a good starting point to further optimize the quality of care. specialties: emergency medicine, general pediatrics, toxicology, and critical care.