bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic profiling of Vietnamese population from large-scale genomic analysis of non-invasive prenatal testing data
Authors: Tran Ngoc Hieu , Vo Thanh Binh , Nguyen Van Thong , Tran Nhat Thang , Trinh Thu-Huong Nhat , Pham Hong-Anh Thi , Dao Thi Hong Thuy , Nguyen Ngoc Mai , Van Yen-Linh Thi , Tran Vu Uyen , Vu Hoang Giang , Bui Quynh-Tram Nguyen , Vo Phuong-Anh Ngoc , Nguyen Huu Nguyen , Nguyen Quynh-Tho Thi , Do Thanh-Thuy Thi , Ngoc Phuong Cao Thi , Truong Dinh Kiet , Nguyen Hoai-Nghia , Giang Hoa , Phan Minh-Duy 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe under-representation of several ethnic groups in existing genetic databases and studies have undermined our understanding of the genetic variations and associated traits or diseases in many populations. Cost and technology limitations remain the challenges in performing large-scale genome sequencing projects in many developing countries, including Vietnam. As one of the most rapidly adopted genetic tests, non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) data offers an alternative untapped resource for genetic studies. Here we performed a large-scale genomic analysis of 2,683 pregnant Vietnamese women using their NIPT data and identified a comprehensive set of 8,054,515 single-nucleotide polymorphisms, among which 8.2% were new to the Vietnamese population. Our study also revealed 24,487 disease-associated genetic variants and their allele frequency distribution, especially 5 pathogenic variants for prevalent genetic disorders in Vietnam. We also observed major discrepancies in the allele frequency distribution of disease-associated genetic variants between the Vietnamese and other populations, thus highlighting a need for genome-wide association studies dedicated to the Vietnamese population. The resulted database of Vietnamese genetic variants, their allele frequency distribution, and their associated diseases presents a valuable resource for future genetic studies.
Overstaying in patchy foraging can be explained by behavioral variability
Authors: Cash-Padgett Tyler , Hayden Benjamin 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTForagers often systematically deviate from rate-maximizing choices in two ways: in accuracy and precision. That is, they both use suboptimal threshold values and show variability in their application of those thresholds. We hypothesized that these biases are related and, more specifically, that foragers’ widely known accuracy bias – over-staying – could be explained, at least in part, by their precision bias. To test this hypothesis, we analyzed choices made by three rhesus macaques in a computerized patch foraging task. Confirming previously observed findings, we find high levels of variability. We then show, through simulations, that this variability changes optimal thresholds, meaning that a forager aware of its own variability should increase its leaving threshold (i.e., over-stay) to increase performance. All subjects showed thresholds that were biased in the predicted direction. These results indicate that over-staying in patches may reflect, in part, an adaptation to behavioral variability.
The gap junction blocker mefloquine impairs sleep-dependent declarative memory consolidation in humans
Authors: Feld Gordon B. , Ngo Hong-Viet , Durán Ernesto , Gebhardt Sandra , Kleist Lisa , Brugger Kerstin , Fritsche Andreas , Born Jan , Hallschmid Manfred 
Published: December 2019

AbstractDuring sleep, the time-compressed replay of engrams acquired during preceding wakefulness drives memory consolidation. We demonstrate in healthy humans that direct electrical coupling between neurons via gap junctions, i.e., electrical synapses, contributes to this beneficial effect of sleep. Twenty male participants learned a declarative word-pair task and a procedural finger sequence tapping task before receiving the antimalarial mefloquine that is known to block electrical synapses. Retrieval was tested after a retention interval of approximately 20.5 hours that included nocturnal sleep. As predicted, mefloquine given before sleep impaired the retention of declarative memory. In contrast, this effect was absent in control groups, which stayed awake or received mefloquine after sleep. Irrespective of sleep or administration time, mefloquine enhanced retention performance on the procedural memory control task. We conclude that sleep-dependent processes relying on electrical neuronal coupling enable hippocampus-dependent declarative memory consolidation, presumably via time-compressed hippocampal replay of memory traces within sharp-wave/ripple complexes. The recruitment of this understudied form of neuronal information transfer may be necessary to achieve fast-paced memory reprocessing during sleep. Considering that drugs targeting neurochemical synapses have recently fallen short of substantially advancing the treatment of memory impairments in Alzheimer’s disease, schizophrenia or during normal aging, unraveling the contribution of gap junctions to sleep-dependent declarative memory formation can be expected to open new therapeutic avenues.Significance statementSleep supports the strengthening and transformation of memory content via the active replay of previously encoded engrams. Surprisingly, blocking neurochemical synaptic transmission does not impair this function of sleep. Here we demonstrate that the direct electrical coupling between neurons via electrical synapses (gap junctions) is essential for the sleep-dependent formation of declarative memory, i.e., memory for episodes and facts. These findings are in line with the assumption that electrical synapses enable time-compressed neuronal firing patterns that emerge during sleep and drive declarative memory consolidation. Electrical synapses have so far not been linked to higher-order brain functions in humans; their contribution to sleep-dependent memory processing may provide a novel target for sleep-related clinical interventions.
Co-evolving wing spots and mating displays are genetically separable traits inDrosophila
Authors: Massey Jonathan H. , Rice Gavin R. , Firdaus Anggun , Chen Chi-Yang , Yeh Shu-Dan , Stern David L. , Wittkopp Patricia J. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe evolution of sexual traits often involves correlated changes in morphology and behavior. For example, in Drosophila, divergent mating displays are often accompanied by divergent pigment patterns. To better understand how such traits co-evolve, we investigated the genetic basis of correlated divergence in wing pigmentation and mating display between the sibling speciesDrosophila elegansandD. gunungcola.Drosophila elegansmales have an area of black pigment on their wings known as a wing spot and appear to display this spot to females by extending their wings laterally during courtship. By contrast,D. gunungcolalacks both of these traits. Using Multiplexed Shotgun Genotyping (MSG), we identified a ∼440 kb region on the X chromosome that behaves like a genetic switch controlling the presence or absence of male-specific wing spots. This region includes the candidate geneoptomotor-blind(omb), which plays a critical role in patterning theDrosophilawing. The genetic basis of divergent wing display is more complex, with at least two loci on the X chromosome and two loci on autosomes contributing to its evolution. Introgressing the X-linked region affecting wing spot development fromD. gunungcolaintoD. elegansreduced pigmentation in the wing spots but did not affect the wing display, indicating that these are genetically separable traits. Consistent with this observation, broader sampling of wildD. gunungcolapopulations confirmed the wing spot and wing display are evolving independently: someD. gunungcolamales preformed wing displays similar toD. elegansdespite lacking wing spots. These data suggest that correlated selection pressures rather than physical linkage or pleiotropy are responsible for the coevolution of these morphological and behavioral traits. They also suggest that the change in morphology evolved prior to the change in behavior.
Positively and negatively autocorrelated environmental fluctuations have opposing effects on species coexistence
Authors: Schreiber Sebastian J. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractEnvironmental fluctuations can mediate coexistence between competing species via the storage effect. This fluctuation-dependent coexistence mechanism requires three conditions: (i) a positive covariance between environment conditions and the strength of competition, (ii) species-specific environmental responses, and (iii) species are less sensitive to competition in environmentally unfavorable years. In serially uncorrelated environments, condition (i) only occurs if favorable environmental conditions immediately and directly increase the strength of competition. For many demographic parameters, this direct link between favorable years and competition may not exist. Moreover, many environmental variables are temporal autocorrelated, but theory has largely focused on serially uncorrelated environments. To address this gap, a model of competing species in autocorrelated environments is analyzed. This analysis shows that positive autocorrelations in demographic rates that increase fitness (e.g. maximal fecundity or adult survival) produce the positive environment-competition covariance. Hence, when these demographic rates contribute to buffered population growth, positive temporal autocorrelations generate a storage effect, otherwise they destabilize competitive interactions. For negatively autocorrelated environments, this theory highlights an alternative stabilizing mechanism that requires three conditions: (i’) a negative environmental-competition covariance, (ii) species-specific environmental responses, and (iii’) species are less sensitive to competition in more favorable years. When the conditions for either of these stabilizing mechanisms are violated, temporal autocorrelations can generate stochastic priority effects or hasten competitive exclusion. Collectively, these results highlight that temporal autocorrelations in environmental conditions can play a fundamental role in determining ecological outcomes of competing species.
Beyond accessibility: ATAC-seq footprinting unravels kinetics of transcription factor binding during zygotic genome activation
Authors: Bentsen Mette , Goymann Philipp , Schultheis Hendrik , Klee Kathrin , Petrova Anastasiia , Wiegandt René , Fust Annika , Preussner Jens , Kuenne Carsten , Braun Thomas , Kim Johnny , Looso Mario 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWhile footprinting analysis of ATAC-seq data can theoretically enable investigation of transcription factor (TF) binding, the lack of a computational tool able to conduct different levels of footprinting analysis has so-far hindered the widespread application of this method. Here we present TOBIAS, a comprehensive, accurate, and fast footprinting framework enabling genome-wide investigation of TF binding dynamics for hundreds of TFs simultaneously. As a proof-of-concept, we illustrate how TOBIAS can unveil complex TF dynamics during zygotic genome activation (ZGA) in both humans and mice, and explore how zygotic Dux activates cascades of TFs, binds to repeat elements and induces expression of novel genetic elements. TOBIAS is freely available at:https://github.com/loosolab/TOBIAS.
Measuring the effectiveness of technology-based marketing strategies from the consumer perspective
Authors: Fullerton Sam , Brooksbank Roger , Neale Larry 
Published: December 2019

Purpose
Marketers are increasingly spoilt for choice as to which emerging technology to use for the purpose of enhancing their company’s competitive advantage. Accordingly, there is an inherent need to assess, relative to the task of accomplishing an organization’s marketing goals, the levels of consumer-perceived effectiveness germane to these options. Based on grounded theory, this study aims to develop an appropriate measurement instrument.

Design/methodology/approach
Research is based on a survey featuring a cross-section of 18 technology-based initiatives that are being routinely incorporated within many companies’ marketing strategies. A sample of 967 adult residents of the USA provided their perspective on the effectiveness of each initiative as a mainstream marketing tool.

Findings
A wide spectrum of opinions exists as to what constitutes an effective initiative. Three sub-dimensions of the consumer-perceived effectiveness construct were identified and validated as measurement scales for use in future research: involvement stealth and outreach.

Research limitations/implications
The generalization of the findings may be limited because minority segments of the adult American population, specifically, African Americans and Asian Americans were somewhat under-represented in the sample. Likewise, younger and older segments were slightly under- and over-represented, respectively.

Practical implications
The study findings can be used to aid in the further development of an instrument designed to measure the strength and directionality of consumer-perceived marketing effectiveness. With the specter of an increasing array of technology-based strategic options going forward, using such an instrument will no doubt become a critically important success factor among business-to-customer (B2C) organizations.

Originality/value
Few studies to date have sought to understand consumer perspectives regarding the effectiveness of technology-based initiatives as marketing tools, and none have explored the relativities of such perceptions across an array of different initiatives or examined any latent sub-dimensions of the construct. This study addresses these deficiencies.
Anytime distribution – a case of gender differential in sales performance
Authors: Shahzad Farhan , Shaikh Abdul Rehman , Qazi Asad Ali , Sattar Muhammad Muzamil 
Published: December 2019

Learning outcomes
To understand how the external culture of an organization affects the internal decisions; to explore how employment stereotypes are used in recruitment; to grasp the general understanding of how line managers give more value to the bottom line than “non-discrimination statement”; to understand the challenges while managing a diverse workforce; and to critically analyze hiring decision and recommend practical solution.

Case overview/synopsis
Asma Malik was hired as a management trainee around five years ago. After successful completion of her one year as a management trainee, she was placed in the finance department. She outperformed all of her targets and received multiple rewards of a star performer. However, Malik was passionate and eager to work in the field and to work with the sales team. It was her dream to be an outstanding salesgirl. Based on the company’s policy of equal opportunity employer, she quickly got herself promoted to the position of wholesale manager and she was the first one to be provided such a challenging position. However, the market dynamics and market acceptability in a country like Pakistan were quite thought-provoking for a girl to be a wholesale manager. And it was observed that sales were constantly declining, as she had assigned this role. Now Country Manager (CM) had to make a decision, whether to transfer her to any other position or to retain her in the same position.

Complexity academic level
Bachelor of Business Administration and MBA.

Supplementary materials
Teaching Notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes.

Subject code
CSS 1: Accounting and Finance.
Banco Bankaool: Arquitectura de una marca financiera exclusivamente en línea
Authors: Reyes-Mercado Pável 
Published: December 2019

Learning outcomes
Entender el lanzamiento de un nuevo banco en la esfera digital. Comprender la conducta de los consumidores en un entorno de creciente cobertura digital y difusión de dispositivos inteligentes. Reconocer que el valor de marca va mucho más allá del desarrollo y lanzamiento de productos. Tomar conciencia de las ventajas y los peligros de un banco puramente digital.

Case overview/synopsis
En 2016, Claire Solís estaba discutiendo con su equipo los caminos para impulsar el crecimiento y el conocimiento de marca de un banco sin sucursales en México. Con el fin de posicionar mejor la marca en el mercado financiero mexicano, Bankaool había decidido ser 100% digital, una institución sin sucursales. El caso presenta una historia condensada de la banca y de los cambios en la conducta de los consumidores digitales. A medida que el caso continúa, los productos de Bankaool se introducen junto con algunas preocupaciones por mantener el negocio andando, en particular con respecto a la salud del banco y su futuro crecimiento. La nueva directora de mercadeo y su equipo tienen que decidir los siguientes pasos a seguir para aumentar el crecimiento de productos justo antes de que la industria de la tecnología financiera se vuelva más madura y competitiva; un escenario de decisiones más complejas. Mientras consideran el potencial de ventas de Bankaool en el corto plazo, también necesitan una estrategia para posicionar la marca Bankaool a largo plazo mientras se esfuerzan por acelerar el crecimiento y generar retornos para los inversionistas.

Complexity academic level
Nivel de postgrado. Ocasionalmente para estudiantes de pregrado con un conocimiento avanzado de estrategias de marca y análisis estratégico. Aplicable para analizar cómo las compañías pueden mejorar sus estrategias de marca en industrias altamente reguladas.

Supplementary materials
Teaching Notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes.

Subject code
CSS 8: Marketing.
External knowledge search paths in open innovation processes of small and medium enterprises
Authors: Chaochotechuang Preecha , Daneshgar Farhad , Mariano Stefania 
Published: December 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to advance knowledge by exploring how small and medium enterprises (SMEs) search for external knowledge in their open innovation processes, and how the search can be advanced.Design/methodology/approachThis exploratory research employs a qualitative multiple case study design. A literature review of open innovation in SMEs and external knowledge search is used to build the premises of this study. Semi-structured interviews with eight SMEs are employed to collect subsequent exploratory empirical data.FindingsThis exploratory study revealed that SMEs adopted a combination of cognitive and experiential search heuristics where cognitive search was practiced during the innovation research process when searching for external knowledge, whilst experiential search was practiced during the innovation development process. Concerning the search space, this study found that SMEs mainly explored local knowledge, and occasionally pursued distant knowledge when confronted with complex problems. The reason for the above behavior was explained to be related to the reduction of costs and risks associated with innovation activities.Originality/valueExternal knowledge plays a pivotal role in open innovation. Although extant studies have shed some light on how large firms search for external knowledge, however, it is not clear how SMEs search for external knowledge. Moreover, this study focuses on learning about both the search space and the search heuristics at both the research and the development stages of the innovation process.
An anomaly detection method to improve the intelligent level of smart articles based on multiple group correlation probability models
Authors: Lu Xudong , Wang Shipeng , Kang Fengjian , Liu Shijun , Li Hui , Xu Xiangzhen , Cui Lizhen 
Published: December 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to detect abnormal data of complex and sophisticated industrial equipment with sensors quickly and accurately. Due to the rapid development of the Internet of Things, more and more equipment is equipped with sensors, especially more complex and sophisticated industrial equipment is installed with a large number of sensors. A large amount of monitoring data is quickly collected to monitor the operation of the equipment. How to detect abnormal data quickly and accurately has become a challenge.

Design/methodology/approach
In this paper, the authors propose an approach called Multiple Group Correlation-based Anomaly Detection (MGCAD), which can detect equipment anomaly quickly and accurately. The single-point anomaly degree of equipment and the correlation of each kind of data sequence are modeled by using multi-group correlation probability model (a probability distribution model which is helpful to the anomaly detection of equipment), and the anomaly detection of equipment is realized.

Findings
The simulation data set experiments based on real data show that MGCAD has better performance than existing methods in processing multiple monitoring data sequences.

Originality/value
The MGCAD method can detect abnormal data quickly and accurately, promote the intelligent level of smart articles and ultimately help to project the real world into cyber space in CrowdIntell Network.
Why would whistleblowers dare to reveal wrongdoings?
Authors: Nurhidayat Ilham , Kusumasari Bevaola 
Published: December 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to attempt to address basic empirical and theoretical queries on why and how insiders have the courage to voice their concerns and reveal corruption on corruption-related crimes that have been committed in Indonesia.

Design/methodology/approach
This exploratory research uses the qualitative method and uses a multi-case study in exploring the reality of whistleblowing cases in Indonesia by treating each case with a unique case orientation. Data were acquired through in-depth interviews conducted with whistleblowers and other supporting informants.

Findings
By analysing the rationalisation of an insider’s courage in revealing the corruption act, this study finds out that the act of whistleblowing is driven by the intention developed in the whistleblower’s attitude to defy the actions of wrongdoers. Such an attitude can invoke courage in whistleblowers despite the perceived norms and control that are internally prevalent in the organisation being non-conducive to such acts.

Practical implications
The findings in this paper are expected to guide the government in drafting a policy creating a more effective whistleblowing system that protects whistleblowers.

Originality/value
This study endeavours to fill the existing gap in mainstream research regarding corruption-related crimes in Indonesia that, to date, focusses more on aspects relating to the perpetrators of corruption. This research, conversely, approaches the subject matter from the perspective of whistleblowers.