bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Highly Sensitive Triazole‐based Fluorimetric/Colorimetric Dual‐channel Fe3+ Probe
Authors: Zhang Yimeng , Feng Yuting , Guo Haoqing , Abdurahman Alim , Ai Xin , Zhang Zhaoxia , Zhang Ming 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn this study, we reported two fluorescent triazole‐based molecules, NC‐TAZ and CC‐TAZ. Both possessed preferential detection of Fe3+ as a highly sensitive fluorimetric/colorimetric dual‐channel probe. As fluorimetric probe, the fluorescence quenched notably by adding Fe3+; as colorimetric probe, the obvious color change (colorless to yellow) could be observed during the detecting process. Moreover, the dual‐channel probe can exclude the interferences from other metal ions and various water samples. Owing to these outstanding merits, the probes could be used directly in the real water samples. Finally, the possible detection mechanism was studied and attributed to the formation of the complexes between NC‐TAZ/CC‐TAZ and Fe3+.
A two‐tier bioinformatic pipeline to develop probes for target capture of nuclear loci with applications in Melastomataceae
Authors: Jantzen Johanna R. , Amarasinghe Prabha , Folk Ryan A. , Reginato Marcelo , Michelangeli Fabian A. , Soltis Douglas E. , Cellinese Nico , Soltis Pamela S. 
Published: May 2020

PremisePutatively single‐copy nuclear (SCN) loci, which are identified using genomic resources of closely related species, are ideal for phylogenomic inference. However, suitable genomic resources are not available for many clades, including Melastomataceae. We introduce a versatile approach to identify SCN loci for clades with few genomic resources and use it to develop probes for target enrichment in the distantly related Memecylon and Tibouchina (Melastomataceae).MethodsWe present a two‐tiered pipeline. First, we identified putatively SCN loci using MarkerMiner and transcriptomes from distantly related species in Melastomataceae. Published loci and genes of functional significance were then added (384 total loci). Second, using HybPiper, we retrieved 689 homologous template sequences for these loci using genome‐skimming data from within the focal clades.ResultsWe sequenced 193 loci common to Memecylon and Tibouchina. Probes designed from 56 template sequences successfully targeted sequences in both clades. Probes designed from genome‐skimming data within a focal clade were more successful than probes designed from other sources.DiscussionOur pipeline successfully identified and targeted SCN loci in Memecylon and Tibouchina, enabling phylogenomic studies in both clades and potentially across Melastomataceae. This pipeline could be easily applied to other clades with few genomic resources.
Tumor Necrosis Factor Induces Obliterative Pulmonary Vascular Disease in a Novel Model of Connective Tissue Disease–Associated Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Bell Richard D. , White R. James , Garcia‐Hernandez Maria L. , Wu Emily , Rahimi Homaira , Marangoni Roberta G. , Slattery Pamelia , Duemmel Stacey , Nuzzo Marc , Huertas Nelson , Yee Min , O'Reilly Michael A. , Morrell Craig , Ritchlin Christopher T. , Schwarz Edward M. , Korman Benjamin D. 
Published: May 2020

ObjectiveConnective tissue disease (CTD)–associated pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is the second most common etiology of PAH and carries a poor prognosis. Recently, it has been shown that female human tumor necrosis factor (TNF)–transgenic (Tg) mice die of cardiopulmonary disease by 6 months of age. This study was undertaken to characterize this pathophysiology and assess its potential as a novel model of CTD‐PAH.MethodsHistologic analysis was performed on TNF‐Tg and wild‐type (WT) mice to characterize pulmonary vascular and right ventricular (RV) pathology (n = 40 [4–5 mice per group per time point]). Mice underwent right‐sided heart catheterization (n = 29) and micro–computed tomographic angiography (n = 8) to assess vascular disease. Bone marrow chimeric mice (n = 12), and anti‐TNF–treated mice versus placebo‐treated mice (n = 12), were assessed. RNA sequencing was performed on mouse lung tissue (n = 6).ResultsTNF‐Tg mice displayed a pulmonary vasculopathy marked by collagen deposition (P < 0.001) and vascular occlusion (P < 0.001) with associated RV hypertrophy (P < 0.001) and severely increased RV systolic pressure (mean ± SD 75.1 ± 19.3 mm Hg versus 26.7 ± 1.7 mm Hg in WT animals; P < 0.0001). TNF‐Tg mice had increased α‐smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA) staining, which corresponded to proliferation and loss of von Willebrand factor (vWF)–positive endothelial cells (P < 0.01). There was an increase in α‐SMA–positive, vWF‐positive cells (P < 0.01), implicating endothelial–mesenchymal transition. Bone marrow chimera experiments revealed that mesenchymal but not bone marrow–derived cells are necessary to drive this process. Treatment with anti‐TNF therapy halted the progression of disease. This pathology closely mimics human CTD‐PAH, in which patient lungs demonstrate increased TNF signaling and significant similarities in genomic pathway dysregulation.ConclusionThe TNF‐Tg mouse represents a novel model of CTD‐PAH, recapitulates key disease features, and can serve as a valuable tool for discovery and assessment of therapeutics.
RuBisCO nano enzyme for mimicking CO2 conversion system in plants
Authors: Biçen Ünlüer Özlem , Say Rıdvan , Ersöz Arzu 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn this study, carbon dioxide (CO2) capture and conversion systems based on the combination of biomimetic systems with nano enzymes have been developed. The effectiveness of the developed system has been investigated toward CO2 conversion. For this aim, nano ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO) enzyme that plays role in the Calvin cycle in photosynthesis has been synthesized in 93 nm size according to AmiNoAcid (monomer) Decorated and Light Underpinning Conjugation Approach (ANADOLUCA) method. Enzymatic activity of synthesized nano RuBisCO enzyme has been spectrophotometrically determined by the formation of 3‐phosphoglycerate (3‐PGA) at the end of the reaction between CO2 and d‐ribulose‐1,5 biphosphate with the catalysis of RuBisCO enzyme at 340 nm. The effect of substrate concentration, pH, temperature, and Mg2+ ion concentration on the conversion reaction have investigated comparatively with nano and free RuBisCO enzyme. Besides this, the reusability feature of synthesized nano RuBisCO enzyme in conversion of CO2 reaction is indicated. When all data were evaluated, it has been seen that the nano RuBisCO enzyme is effective on the conversion of CO2 into 3‐PGA and can be used for CO2 capture and conversion systems repeatedly without any deformation in its structure.
Betaine‐assisted recombinase polymerase assay for rapid hepatitis B virus detection
Authors: Yi Ting‐ting , Zhang Han‐yun , Liang Hua , Gong Guo‐zhong , Cai Yan 
Published: May 2020

AbstractHepatitis B virus (HBV) is a worldwide epidemic pathogen that causes hepatitis B. On‐site screening the HBV infection is of critical importance for preventing and diagnosing HBV infection. In this paper, a simple, visual, and rapid method for on‐site detection of HBV‐DNA has been developed. This method is based on betaine‐assisted recombinase polymerase assay and followed with naked‐eye detection via lateral flow assay (BRPA‐LF). Result show that nonspecific amplification is prone to occur in recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) if the assay was performed with serum sample without purification. This problem has been addressed by adding 0.8 M of betaine to the RPA reactions. It was demonstrated that BRPA‐LF can detect 1,000 copies of HBV‐DNA in 50 μL mixture, and achieved 90% sensitivity and 100% specificity for serum sample detection. These results demonstrated that BRPA‐LF can resist serum interference and has great potential for on‐site screening of HBV infection.
Sustainable production of ammonia fertilizers from biomass
Authors: Gençer Emre , Burniske Gary R. , Doering Otto C. , Tyner Wallace E. , Agrawal Rakesh , Delgass W. Nicholas , Ejeta Gebisa , McCann Maureen C. , Carpita Nicholas C. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractNitrogen is the most limiting plant nutrient. Inexpensive natural gas has substantially reduced costs of ammonia fertilizer for intensive agriculture in the developed world, but its excessive use negatively impacts downstream ecosystems. By contrast, the availability of ammonia fertilizer is a major economic bottleneck for agriculture in developing countries. A dedicated lignocellulosic biomass crop could supply sufficient substrate to generate optimal nitrogen fertilizer on less than 5% of a grower's food crop acreage. Reimagining ammonia generation using biomass could significantly enhance sustainable agricultural productivity in developing countries when combined with emerging catalytic technologies. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Photosynthetic Reduction of Xylose to Xylitol Using Cyanobacteria
Authors: Fan Eric S. , Lu Ken W. , Wen Rex C. , Shen Claire R. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPhotosynthetic generation of reducing power makes cyanobacteria an attractive host for biochemical reduction compared to cell‐free and heterotrophic systems, which require burning of additional resources for the supply of reducing equivalent. Here, using xylitol synthesis as an example, efficient uptake and reduction of xylose photoautotrophically in Synechococcus elongatus PCC7942 are demonstrated upon introduction of an effective xylose transporter from Escherichia coli (Ec‐XylE) and the NADPH‐dependent xylose reductase from Candida boidinii (Cb‐XR). Simultaneous activation of xylose uptake and matching of cofactor specificity enabled an average xylitol yield of 0.9 g g−1 xylose and a maximum productivity of about 0.15 g L−1 day−1 OD−1 with increased level of xylose supply. While long‐term cellular maintenance still appears challenging, high‐density conversion of xylose to xylitol using concentrated resting cell further pushes the titer of xylitol formation to 33 g L−1 in six days with 85% of maximum theoretical yield. While the results show that the unknown dissipation of xylose can be minimized when coupled to a strong reaction outlet, it remains to be the major hurdle hampering the yield despite the reported inability of cyanobacteria to metabolize xylose.
Emerging Technologies for the Electrochemical Detection of Bacteria
Authors: McEachern Francis , Harvey Edward , Merle Geraldine 
Published: May 2020

AbstractInfections are a huge economic liability to the health care system, although real‐time detection can allow early treatment protocols to avoid some of this cost and patient morbidity and mortality. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) is a drug‐resistant gram‐negative bacterium found ubiquitously in clinical settings, accounting for up to 27% of hospital acquired infections. PA secretes a vast array of molecules, ranging from secondary metabolites to quorum sensing molecules, of which many can be exploited to monitor bacterial presence. In addition to electrochemical immunoassays to sense bacteria via antigen–antibody interactions, PA pertains a distinct redox‐active virulence factor called pyocyanin (PYO), allowing a direct electrochemical detection of the bacteria. There has been a surge of publications relating to the electrochemical tracing of PA via a myriad of novel biosensing techniques, materials, and methodologies. In addition to indirect methods, research approaches where PYO has been sensitively detected using surface modified electrodes are reviewed and compared with conventional PA‐sensing methodologies. This review aims at presenting indirect and direct electrochemical methods currently developed using various surface modified electrodes, materials, and electrochemical configurations on their electrocatalytic effects on sensing of PA and in particular PYO.
Evaluation of quenching methods for metabolite recovery in photoautotrophic Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002
Authors: Sake Cara L. , Newman Darrian M. , Boyle Nanette R. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe first step of many metabolomics studies is quenching, a technique vital for rapidly halting metabolism and ensuring that the metabolite profile remains unchanging during sample processing. The most widely used approach is to plunge the sample into prechilled cold methanol; however, this led to significant metabolite loss in Synecheococcus sp. PCC 7002. Here we describe our analysis of the impacts of cold methanol quenching on the model marine cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002, as well as our brief investigation of alternative quenching methods. We tested several methods including cold methanol, cold saline, and two filtration approaches. Targeted central metabolites were extracted and metabolomic profiles were generated using liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS). The results indicate that cold methanol quenching induces dramatic metabolite leakage in Synechococcus, resulting in a majority of central metabolites being lost prior to extraction. Alternatively, usage of a chilled saline quenching solution mitigates metabolite leakage and improves sample recovery without sacrificing rapid quenching of cellular metabolism. Finally, we illustrate that metabolite leakage can be assessed, and subsequently accounted for, in order to determine absolute metabolite pool sizes; however, our results show that metabolite leakage is inconsistent across various metabolite pools and therefore must be determined for each individually measured metabolite.
William H. Pirkle: Stereochemistry pioneer
Authors: Welch Christopher J. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractProfessor William H. Pirkle (1934–2018) made a profound impact on modern chemistry by inventing and popularizing widely used techniques for the analysis and purification of enantiomers, contributions that paved the way for the subsequent advances in the discovery, development, and manufacture of enantiopure pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and specialty chemicals. Pirkle's pioneering 1966 demonstration of the use of chiral solvating agents for the nuclear magnetic resonance determination of enantiopurity led to a lifelong interest in understanding the supramolecular interactions responsible for enantiodifferentiation. Ongoing research into the chromatographic resolution of stereoisomers throughout the 1970s led in 1981 to the very first commercialization of a chiral stationary phase for the high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) separation of enantiomers. The availability of this and subsequent “Pirkle columns” had a deep and lasting impact, becoming widely embraced by the chemical sciences research community worldwide and spearheading the wholesale changeover to HPLC as the preferred technique for measuring enantiopurity. Doc Pirkle was a highly creative, independent, and fun‐loving collaborator whose circle of friends extends around the globe. His research group at the University of Illinois, often referred to as The Pirkle Zoo, became a refuge for an interesting assembly of characters who flourished under his mentorship and guidance.
Visible Light Driven Copper(I) Catalyzed Oxyamination of Electron Deficient Alkenes†
Authors: Li Sanliang , Chen Qiaoyu , Li Wenbo , Gu Guangxin , Zhang Junliang 
Published: May 2020

Summary of main observation and conclusionA visible light driven Cu(I)‐catalyzed intermolecular oxyamination of electron‐deficient olefins has been achieved by using O‐benzoylhydroxylamines as donors both for amine and oxygen. The transformation properties afford mild conditions and a wide substrate scope, providing access to ester derivatives of β‐amino alcohols with good yields and high regioselectivity.
Safety of Candesartan, Amlodipine, and Atorvastatin in Combination: Interaction Study in Healthy Subjects
Authors: Gundlach Kristina , Wolf Katharina , Salem Isam , Randerath Olaf , Seiler Dan 
Published: May 2020

AbstractFor efficient cardiovascular risk protection antihypertensive treatment is often combined with cholesterol‐lowering treatment, although solid data of interaction and side effects are missing. This is a prospective, single‐center interaction study conducted in a fixed sequence design at steady state of candesartan, amlodipine, and atorvastatin. Five‐day monotherapy of candesartan 8 mg was followed by 5‐day atorvastatin 40 mg monotherapy and subsequently 9‐day amlodipine 5 mg monotherapy; each treatment separated by washout phases. Immediately after amlodipine monotherapy, all 3 drugs were administered concomitantly for 5 days. Pharmacokinetic parameters as well as safety were assessed. Eighteen healthy subjects enrolled and completed the study. No significant difference in the maximum concentration (Cmax) and the area the under plasma concentration–time curve (AUC) for amlodipine and AUC of atorvastatin was detected following combination versus monotherapy. Cmax of atorvastatin decreased slightly but clinically not relevantly when given in combination. A statistically significant but not below 0.80‐fold decrease between candesartan following combination vs monotherapy was detected for Cmax and AUC. In general, all treatments were well tolerated. Concluding, systemic exposure of candesartan, amlodipine, and atorvastatin is not clinically significantly changed upon coadministration. These data support a fixed‐dose combination of the 3 components for dual cardiovascular risk prevention.
Seismischer Nachweis von Mauerwerksbauten in deutschen Erdbebengebieten
Authors: Butenweg Christoph , Rosin Julia 
Published: May 2020

AbstractMit finanzieller Unterstützung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Mauerwerks‐ und Wohnungsbau e.V. (DGfM) und des Deutschen Instituts für Bautechnik in Berlin (DIBt) wurden zwei aufeinander aufbauende Forschungsvorhaben zur Verbesserung der seismischen Nachweise von Mauerwerksbauten in deutschen Erdbebengebieten durchgeführt. Zunächst wurde das seismische Verhalten von drei modernen unbewehrten Mauerwerksgebäuden in der Region Emilia Romagna in Italien während der Erdbebenserie im Jahr 2012 in Kooperation mit der Universität Pavia eingehend untersucht. Aufbauend auf den Erkenntnissen dieser Untersuchungen wurde ein verbessertes seismisches Bemessungskonzept für unbewehrte Mauerwerksbauten erarbeitet. Der Beitrag stellt die wesentlichen Ergebnisse dieser Forschungsarbeiten und deren Eingang in die Normung vor.
Enhanced seed defenses potentially relax selection by seed predators against serotiny in lodgepole pine
Authors: Parker Anna L. , Benkman Craig W. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractSerotiny, the retention of seeds in a canopy seed bank until high temperatures cause seeds to be released, is an important life history trait for many woody plants in fire‐prone habitats. Serotiny provides a competitive advantage after fire but increases vulnerability to predispersal seed predation, due to the seeds being retained in clusters in predictable locations for extended periods. This creates opposing selection pressures. Serotiny is favored in areas of high fire frequency, but is selected against by predispersal seed predators. However, predation also selects for cone traits associated with seed defense that could reduce predation on serotinous cones and thereby relax selection against serotiny. This helps explain the elevated defenses in highly serotinous species. However, whether such interactions drive variation in seed defenses within variably serotinous populations has been studied rarely. We investigated the effects of phenotypic selection exerted by red squirrel (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus) predation on Rocky Mountain lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta latifolia) seeds. Squirrels preferentially harvested cones with more and larger seeds, indicating a preference for a higher food reward. We found evidence for stronger selection on trees with serotinous cones, which presumably accounts for the elevated defenses of and lower predation on serotinous compared to non‐serotinous cones. Lower levels of predation on serotinous cones in turn lessen selection against serotiny by squirrels. This has important implications because the frequency of serotiny in lodgepole pine has profound consequences for post‐fire communities and ecosystems widespread in the Rocky Mountains.
Comment on van Netten, et al: Definitions and criteria for diabetic foot disease
Authors: Jarl Gustav , Rusaw David F. , Johannesson Anton 
Published: May 2020

SummaryObjectiveThe International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot (IWGDF) recently published updated definitions for the diabetic foot field. However, the suggested definitions of lower limb amputations differ from the definitions of the International Organization of Standardization (ISO), which may create problems when implementing the definitions. This paper compares and discusses the amputation definitions of IWGDF and ISO.ResultsDespite many similarities, the IWGDF and ISO systems have some important differences. First, the IWGDF uses the term “minor amputation” which is value‐laden, arbitrary and has been defined in several different ways in the literature. Second, the IWGDF system lacks descriptions of amputations distal or through the ankle, which may increase the risk for misclassification. Third, hip disarticulations and transpelvic amputations are not included in the IWGDF system.ConclusionIt is suggested that future updates of the IWGDF definitions should be aligned with those of ISO, to meet the goal of global consensus on terminology related to lower limb amputation.
Anti‐CD52 blocks EAE independent of PD‐1 signals and promotes repopulation dominated by double‐negative T cells and newly generated T and B cells
Authors: Haile Yohannes , Adegoke Adeolu , Laribi Bahareh , Lin Jiaxin , Anderson Colin C. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractLymphocyte depletion using anti‐CD52 antibody effectively reduces relapses of multiple sclerosis (MS). To begin to understand what mechanisms might control this outcome, we examined the effect of a murine‐CD52‐specific mAb on the depletion and repopulation of immune cells in mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a model of MS. We tested whether the tolerance‐promoting receptor programmed cell death protein‐1 (PD‐1) is required for disease remission post anti‐CD52, and found that PD‐1‐deficient mice with a more severe EAE were nevertheless effectively treated with anti‐CD52. Anti‐CD52 increased the proportions of newly generated T cells and double‐negative (DN) T cells while reducing newly generated B cells; the latter effect being associated with a higher expression of CD52 by these cells. In the longer term, anti‐CD52 caused substantial increases in the proportion of newly generated lymphocytes and DN T cells in mice with EAE. Thus, the rapid repopulation of lymphocytes from central lymphoid organs post anti‐CD52 may limit further disease. Furthermore, these data identify DN T cells, a subset with immunoregulatory potential, as a significant hyperrepopulating subset following CD52‐mediated depletion.