bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hybrid 2D‐Material Photonics with Bound States in the Continuum
Authors: Yu Zejie , Wang Yi , Sun Beilei , Tong Yeyu , Xu Jian‐Bin , Tsang Hon Ki , Sun Xiankai 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIntegration of 2D materials on dielectric planar optical waveguides can make available new functionalities from the 2D materials' enhanced optoelectronic properties, such as nonlinearity, light emission, modulation, photodetection, and saturable absorption. However, the conventional integration schemes involving either the transfer of 2D materials onto prepatterned nonplanarized topology of photonic integrated circuits (PICs) or the growth and patterning of dielectric materials on 2D materials can degrade the properties of either the dielectric or the 2D material. Here, a fundamentally new and practical scheme is introduced for integrating 2D materials with PICs on a planar surface. The scheme can maintain large optical overlap with the 2D material by harnessing bound states in the continuum. This approach applies to integration of any 2D material on any single‐crystal dielectric substrate, and inherently offers strong light–matter interactions. Here, the approach is demonstrated with various hybrid photonic devices including thermo‐optic switches and filters, ultrafast photodetectors with 40‐GHz detection bandwidth, and ultrafast electro‐optic modulators with 5‐GHz modulation bandwidth. Therefore, the new platform will significantly expand the hybrid integration between 2D materials and single‐crystal dielectrics to achieve unexpected photonic functionalities.
Extracellular Vesicles in Cancer Immune Microenvironment and Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Xie Feng , Zhou Xiaoxue , Fang Meiyu , Li Heyu , Su Peng , Tu Yifei , Zhang Long , Zhou Fangfang 
Published: October 2019

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are secreted by almost all cells. They contain proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids which are delivered from the parent cells to the recipient cells. Thereby, they function as mediators of intercellular communication and molecular transfer. Recent evidences suggest that exosomes, a small subset of EVs, are involved in numerous physiological and pathological processes and play essential roles in remodeling the tumor immune microenvironment even before the occurrence and metastasis of cancer. Exosomes derived from tumor cells and host cells mediate their mutual regulation locally or remotely, thereby determining the responsiveness of cancer therapies. As such, tumor‐derived circulating exosomes are considered as noninvasive biomarkers for early detection and diagnosis of tumor. Exosome‐based therapies are also emerging as cutting‐edge and promising strategies that could be applied to suppress tumor progression or enhance anti‐tumor immunity. Herein, the current understanding of exosomes and their key roles in modulating immune responses, as well as their potential therapeutic applications are outlined. The limitations of current studies are also presented and directions for future research are described.
Targeted Gene Delivery into Various Plastids Mediated by Clustered Cell‐Penetrating and Chloroplast‐Targeting Peptides
Authors: Thagun Chonprakun , Chuah Jo‐Ann , Numata Keiji 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe plastid is an organelle that functions as a cell factory to supply food and oxygen to the plant cell and is therefore a potential target for genetic engineering to acquire plants with novel photosynthetic traits or the ability to produce valuable biomolecules. Conventional plastid genome engineering technologies are laborious for the preparation of plant material, require expensive experimental instruments, and are time consuming for obtaining a transplastomic plant line that produces significant levels of the biomolecule of interest. Herein, a transient plastid transformation technique is presented using a peptide‐based gene carrier. By formulating peptide/plasmid DNA complexes that combine the functions of both a cell‐penetrating peptide and a chloroplast‐targeting peptide, DNA molecules are translocated across the plant cell membrane and delivered to the plastid efficiently via vesicle formation and intracellular vesicle trafficking. A simple infiltration method enables the introduction of a complex solution into intact plants, and plastid‐localized transgene expression is expeditiously observed in various types of plastids in differentiated cell types of several plants. The gene delivery technology thus provides a useful tool to rapidly engineer plastids in crop species.
SETD2 related overgrowth syndrome: Presentation of four new patients and review of the literature
Authors: Marzin Pauline , Rondeau Sophie , Aldinger Kimberly A. , Alessandri Jean‐Luc , Isidor Bertrand , Heron Delphine , Keren Boris , Dobyns William B. , Cormier‐Daire Valérie 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe common genes responsible for overgrowth syndromes play key roles in regulating transcription through histone modification and chromatin modeling. The SETD2 gene encoding a H3K36 trimethyltransferase is implicated in Sotos‐like syndrome. This syndrome is characterized by postnatal overgrowth, macrocephaly, obesity, speech delay, and advanced carpal ossification. We report four new patients with constitutional SETD2 mutations and review nine earlier reported patients. Almost all patients presented with macrocephaly associated with advanced stature and obesity in half of the cases. In addition to these principal manifestations, neurodevelopmental disorders are common such as intellectual disability (83%), autism spectrum disorders (89%), and behavioral difficulties (100%) with aggressive outbursts (83%). A variety of features such as joint hypermobility (29%), hirsutism (33%), and naevi (50%) were also reported. Constitutional SETD2 mutations are intragenic loss‐of‐function variants with truncating (69%) and missense (31%) mutations. Functional studies are necessary to improve understanding of the pathogenicity of some missense SETD2 mutations.
Tunable On‐Chip Sources with Aperiodic Metasurface
Authors: Xu Yuehong , Yang Quanlong , Zhang Ying , Li Shaoxian , Xu Quan , Zhang Xueqian , Li Yanfeng , Gu Jianqiang , Zhang Wentao , Hu Cong , Han Jiaguang , Zhang Weili 
Published: October 2019

AbstractSurface plasmons show tremendous capability in integrated communication, quantum computing and sensing. Excitations and manipulations of surface plasmons are essential in developing integrated photonic devices. Here, a systematic study of tunable emission of surface plasmons with an eightfold quasicrystal metasurface, which acts as an on‐chip source, is presented. It is shown that the quasicrystal structure can switch on or off the surface plasmons propagation channels in the desired direction. Meanwhile, such a quasicrystal structure can be polarization‐dependent or polarization‐independent based on different constituent slit pairs. The proposed quasicrystal design provides more freedom for steering surface plasmons in the launching process. Thus, it may significantly simplify the design and fabrication of integrated plasmonic devices.
Electrostatic Potential Anomaly in 2D Janus Transition Metal Dichalcogenides
Authors: Lian Ji‐Chun , Huang Wei‐Qing , Hu Wangyu , Huang Gui‐Fang 
Published: October 2019

AbstractSymmetry breaking induced exotic physical properties is an eternal topic in scientific community. Due to lack of mirror symmetry, 2D Janus transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) exhibit many bizarre features; however, the physical mechanisms of most of these intrinsic properties are still unclear. Herein, a generalized and effective approach is developed to disclose the physical mechanism of electrostatic potential anomaly in 2D Janus TMDs, based on fast Fourier transform and Moore–Penrose generalized inverse matrix for separating Hartree potential and ionic potential from electrostatic potential, and conversely, calculating charge density distribution through Hartree potential. Through extensive numerical simulations and theoretical analyses, the electrostatic potential anomaly is expounded successfully, which is a pending issue in 2D Janus TMDs: the electrostatic potential energy at Se atomic layer is larger than that at S and Te atomic layers, which breaks the periodic law. Such an anomaly could be attributed to the competition between Hartree potential energy and ionic potential energy that emerges as a result of asymmetric charge transfer, atomic layer distance, and atomic species. This approach possesses universality, and is proved to be a robust method in dealing with the issues related to electrostatic potential.
Photokatalyse und Elektrochemie: Ein neues Bündnis in der organischen Synthese
Authors: Capaldo Luca , Quadri Lorenzo L. , Ravelli Davide 
Published: October 2019

AbstractDie Verknüpfung eines homogenen photokatalytischen Systems mit einer elektrochemischen Zelle, die lediglich über den Austausch von Elektronen miteinander verbunden sind, wurde kürzlich demonstriert. Diese Kombination eröffnet neue Wege in der Synthese und ermöglicht es, oxidative photokatalytische Prozesse in Abwesenheit eines chemischen Oxidationsmittels zu realisieren. Beispiel, über die berichtet wurde, sind 1) C‐H‐Alkylierungen von Heteroarenen und 2) die Kupplung von Azolen mit Arenen in Gegenwart eines elektrogenerierten Photokatalysators.
Fulvalene‐Embedded Perylene Diimide and Its Stable Radical Anion
Authors: Zhang Andong , Jiang Wei , Wang Zhaohui 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe first example of a two‐state (neutral and reduced), stable electron‐accepting material and its radical anion is presented. FV‐PDI, generated from cyclocarbonylation and then a carbonyl coupling reaction, shows a largely degenerate LUMO of −4.38 eV based on the delocalization of π‐electrons across the whole molecular skeleton through a fulvalene bridge. The stability and electron affinity allow spontaneous electron transfer to afford a stable radical anion. Spectroscopic characterization and structural elucidation showed that the radical anion [FV‐PDI].− has remarkable stability and near‐infrared absorptions extending to 1200 nm. Single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analyses revealed significant changes in the molecular shape and packing arrangement of the formed radical anion. The central C−C bond linking the two PDI halves is lengthened from approximately 1.33 to 1.43 Å, and the alternating arrangement of positively and negatively charged units favor the stable charge‐transfer complex.
How integration of cyber security management and incident response enables organizational learning
Authors: Ahmad Atif , Desouza Kevin C. , Maynard Sean B. , Naseer Humza , Baskerville Richard L. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractDigital assets of organizations are under constant threat from a wide assortment of nefarious actors. When threats materialize, the consequences can be significant. Most large organizations invest in a dedicated information security management (ISM) function to ensure that digital assets are protected. The ISM function conducts risk assessments, develops strategy, provides policies and training to define roles and guide behavior, and implements technological controls such as firewalls, antivirus, and encryption to restrict unauthorized access. Despite these protective measures, incidents (security breaches) will occur. Alongside the security management function, many organizations also retain an incident response (IR) function to mitigate damage from an attack and promptly restore digital services. However, few organizations integrate and learn from experiences of these functions in an optimal manner that enables them to not only respond to security incidents, but also proactively maneuver the threat environment. In this article we draw on organizational learning theory to develop a conceptual framework that explains how the ISM and IR functions can be better integrated. The strong integration of ISM and IR functions, in turn, creates learning opportunities that lead to organizational security benefits including: increased awareness of security risks, compilation of threat intelligence, removal of flaws in security defenses, evaluation of security defensive logic, and enhanced security response.
Screening for autism spectrum disorder in a naturalistic home setting using the systematic observation of red flags (SORF) at 18–24 months
Authors: Dow Deanna , Day Taylor N. , Kutta Timothy J. , Nottke Charly , Wetherby Amy M. 
Published: October 2019

The purpose of this study was to examine the utility of the Systematic Observation of Red Flags (SORF; Dow et al., 2016) as a level 2 screener for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in toddlers during a naturalistic video‐recorded home observation. Psychometric properties of the SORF were examined in a sample of 228 toddlers—84 with ASD, 82 with developmental delay (DD), and 62 with typical development (TD). Trained undergraduate research assistants blind to diagnosis rated 22 red flags (RF) of ASD associated with DSM‐5 diagnostic criteria using a 4‐point scale. The following scores were computed: a total score summing all items, domain scores summing social communication and restricted, repetitive behavior items, and number of RF counting items with scores of 2 or 3 indicating clear symptom presence. The performance of the total, domain, and RF scores and individual items were examined. A composite score was formed with six items with the best psychometric performance: poor eye gaze directed to faces, limited showing and pointing, limited coordination of nonverbal communication, less interest in people than objects, repetitive use of objects, and excessive interest in particular objects, actions, or activities. The 6‐item composite provides a brief measure with optimal performance, while the RF may be instrumental for clinicians who are interested in characterizing the range of observed symptoms. The SORF shows promise as a practical alternative to currently available screening methods for implementation by nonexperts with the potential to increase feasibility and reduce common obstacles to access to care. Autism Res 2020, 13: 122–133. © The Authors. Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Lay SummaryResearch suggests that current autism spectrum disorder (ASD) screening tools are not accurate enough to use in routine screening. The Systematic Observation of Red Flags was developed as a practical option for children at high risk for ASD. It can be used with video‐recorded samples of parent–child interactions in the home and by raters who are not experts in ASD. It shows promise in predicting ASD risk in toddlers to determine if a full diagnostic evaluation is necessary.
Clinical and epidemiologic factors associated with breast cancer and its subtypes among Northeast Chinese women
Authors: Ye Dong‐Man , Li Qiang , Yu Tao , Wang Hao‐Tian , Luo Ya‐Hong , Li Wen‐Qing 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe incidence of breast cancer has increased dramatically in China. We evaluated the clinical and epidemiologic factors associated with breast cancer, and its stage in a case‐control study of Northeast Chinese women. We also examined whether these factors were differentially distributed among molecular subtypes of breast cancer in a case‐only analysis. We identified 1118 breast cancer patients and 2284 healthy women from Cancer Hospital of Medical University between January 2014 and December 2017. Logistic regression models were used to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We found that postmenopausal women had a decreased risk of breast cancer (multivariate‐adjusted OR = 0.33, 95% CI:0.25‐0.43), and tended to have breast cancer of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)‐overexpressing (multivariate‐adjusted OR = 2.99, 95% CI: 1.49‐5.97) and triple‐negative (multivariate‐adjusted OR = 2.16, 95% CI: 1.02‐4.56) subtypes, compared with the luminal B subtype. Women with history of abortion had an increased risk of breast cancer (multivariate‐adjusted OR = 4.70, 95% CI: 3.60‐6.14). Women with high breast density and high Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BIRADS) scores of lesions tended to have breast cancer of advanced stage, but were not differentially distributed among its molecular subtypes. In conclusion, postmenopausal women had decreased risk of breast cancer, and tended to have nonluminal subtype, while women with history of abortion had increased risk of breast cancer. Women with high breast density and BIRADS scores of lesions tended to have advanced stage breast cancer. We provide evidence on the epidemiologic factors for breast cancer and its subtypes, which may help with breast cancer risk stratification.
Predicting pathological complete response by comparing MRI‐based radiomics pre‐ and postneoadjuvant radiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer
Authors: Li Yuqiang , Liu Wenxue , Pei Qian , Zhao Lilan , Güngör Cenap , Zhu Hong , Song Xiangping , Li Chenglong , Zhou Zhongyi , Xu Yang , Wang Dan , Tan Fengbo , Yang Pei , Pei Haiping 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundTotal mesorectal excision following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) is recommended in the latest treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC).ObjectiveTo predict whether patients with LARC can achieve pathologic complete response (pCR), comparing MRI‐based radiomics between before and after neoadjuvant radiotherapy (nRT) was performed.MethodsOne hundred and sixty‐five MRI‐based radiomics features in axial T2‐weighted images were obtained quantitatively from Imaging Biomarker Explorer Software. The specific features of conventional and developing radiomics were selected with the analysis of least absolute shrinkage and selection operator logistic regression, of which the predictive performance was analyzed with receiver operating curve and calibration curve, and applied to an independent cohort.ResultsOne hundred and thirty‐one target patients were enrolled in the present study. A radiomics signature founded on seven radiomics features was generated in the primary cohort. A remarkable difference about Rad‐score between pCR and non‐pCR group occurred in both of primary (P < .001) or validation cohorts (P < .001). The value of area under the curves was 0.92 (95% CI, 0.86‐0.99) and 0.87 (95% CI, 0.74‐1.00) in the primary and validation cohorts, respectively. The Rad‐score (OR = 23.581; P < .001) from multivariate logistic regression analysis was significant as an independent factor of pCR.ConclusionOur predictive model based on radiomics features was an independent predictor for pCR in LARC and could be a candidate in clinical practice.
Sampling Potential Energy Surfaces in the Condensed Phase with Many‐Body Electronic Structure Methods
Authors: Rybkin Vladimir V. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractSampling potential energy surfaces (PES) is pivotal for understanding chemical structure, energetics and reactivity and is of special importance for complex condensed‐phase systems. Until recently such simulations based on electronic structure theory have been performed only by density functional theory and semiempirical methods. Many‐body electronic structure methods, almost routinely used for molecules, have been practically unavailable for sampling PES in the condensed‐phase. This has changed during the last few years, as efficient algorithms and software implementations for the evaluation of electronic energies and forces on atoms have been developed, allowing for geometry optimization, molecular dynamics and Monte‐Carlo simulations, which was previously unthinkable. Herein, we introduce the theory and software developments and overview the applications in the field, the most encouraging results being obtained for aqueous chemistry. Requiring state‐of‐the‐art computer resources PES sampling with many‐body electronic structure methods in the condensed phase provides high‐quality benchmarks and will gradually become more available due to fast progress in reduced scaling algorithms and computational technologies.
Tunable Aggregation‐Induced Emission of Imidazole Hydrazones by pH and Anions
Authors: Tian Dongjie , Zheng Xin , Li Xiaochuan , Liu Xiaojing , Zhao Jinhu , Wang Jianji 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAggregation‐induced emission (AIE) materials have drawn great attention for applications as organic light‐emitting diodes (OLED) and probes. The applications are, however, restricted by the complex syntheses and hydrophobic properties. Herein, a one‐step synthesis of an AIE material based on imidazole hydrazone is assessed. Protonation of the imidazole‐H leads to emission color change from yellow to green in the solid state. The emission color is recovered upon imidazole‐H+ deprotonation. Moreover, the emission wavelength shifts from 532 to 572 nm by anion exchange. In addition, an enhanced emission (ΦF up to 22.6 %) was obtained with the Br− anion compared with NTf2−, SbCl5−, PF6−, and OTf− anions. X‐ray crystallography studies together with theoretical calculations show that the enhanced emission of hydrazone salts arises from strong hydrogen bonding between the hydrazone proton and the halide ion (Cl− or Br−).
Optimizing scheduling decisions of container management tool using many‐objective genetic algorithm
Authors: Imdoukh Mahmoud , Ahmad Imtiaz , Alfailakawi Mohammad 
Published: October 2019

SummaryContainer virtualization is an emerging technology in cloud computing mainly due to its portability and lightweight features. Scheduling is a key task, performed by container management tool, which indirectly affects the characteristics of distributed software system in terms of availability, realizability, scalability, resources utilization, as well as power consumption. However, current schedulers only focus on some of the aforementioned aspects but not all. In this paper, a Many‐Objective Genetic Algorithm Scheduler (MOGAS) is proposed to handle all such objectives to realize solutions with better characteristics. The proposed scheduler is compared with the Ant Colony Optimization (ACO)–based scheduler. Based on the proposed objective functions, simulation results show that MOGAS is better than the ACO scheduler in equally distributing tasks by 50%, assigning unique set of tasks per node by 40%, and reducing power consumption by 7%, on average.
The Effect of Hydrogen Peroxide on the Synthesis of Terephthalate‐Based Metal‐Organic Frameworks
Authors: Monteagudo‐Olivan Rebeca , Jiménez‐Fernández Isabel , López‐Ram‐de‐Viu Pilar , Sebastian Victor , Coronas Joaquín 
Published: October 2019

AbstractMetal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) are versatile materials for applications in fields including the environment, energy and health. A synthetic route for improving the formation of MOFs has been developed and is triggered by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to promote the formation of terephthalate‐based MOFs of MIL‐53 and MIL‐68 types, specifically those made from Fe3+ and Al3+ and mixtures of both. Different characterization techniques (TGA, XRD, SEM, TEM, N2 porosimetry and Raman, mass and NMR spectroscopies) gave insights into the effect of H2O2 on the MOF synthesis. The reaction yield was significantly improved (the highest yield being 74 % for MIL‐53(Al)), while crystallinity and N2 adsorption properties were mostly maintained for phases based on Al and Al/Fe. Furthermore, a reaction mechanism was envisaged from the mass spectroscopic analysis of the reaction solutions, thus suggesting that H2O2 plays the role of a μ‐hydroxo bridge promoter, favoring the link between terephthalate ligands and aluminum‐containing species to give rise to the μ‐carboxylate bridges, leading to a faster growth of the final MOF, and offering a novel MOF synthesis approach.