bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Degree and Length of O‐Glycosylation of Recombinant Proteins Produced in Pichia pastoris Depends on the Nature of the Protein and the Process Type
Authors: Radoman Bojana , Grünwald‐Gruber Clemens , Schmelzer Bernhard , Zavec Domen , Gasser Brigitte , Altmann Friedrich , Mattanovich Diethard 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris is known as an efficient host for the production of heterologous proteins. While N‐linked protein glycosylation is well characterized in P. pastoris there is less knowledge of the patterns of O‐glycosylation. O‐glycans produced by P. pastoris consist of short linear mannose chains, which in the case of recombinant biopharmaceuticals can trigger an immune response in humans. This study aims to reveal the influence of different cultivation strategies on O‐mannosylation profiles in P. pastoris. Sixteen different model proteins, produced by different P. pastoris strains, are analyzed for their O‐glycosylation profile. Based on the obtained data, human serum albumin (HSA) is chosen to be produced in fast and slow growth fed batch fermentations by using common promoters, PGAP and PAOX1. After purification and protein digestion, glycopeptides are analyzed by LC/ESI‐MS. In the samples expressed with PGAP it is found that the degree of glycosylation is slightly higher when a slow growth rate is used, regardless of the efficiency of the producing strain. The highest glycosylation intensity is observed in HSA produced with PAOX1. The results indicate that the O‐glycosylation level is markedly higher when the protein is produced in a methanol‐based expression system.
Asperolide A prevents bone metastatic breast cancer via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR/c‐Fos/NFATc1 signaling pathway
Authors: Jiang Wenli , Rixiati Youlutuziayi , Huang Hao , Shi YiJun , Huang Caiguo , Jiao Binghua 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundBreast cancer is the leading cause of death among women with malignant tumors worldwide. Bone metastasis is the main factor affecting the prognosis of breast cancer. Therefore, both antitumor and anti‐breast‐cancer‐induced osteolysis agents are urgently needed.MethodsWe examined the effect of Asperolide A (AA), a marine‐derived agent, on osteolysis and RANKL‐induced phosphoinositide 3‐kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mTOR/c‐FOS/nuclear factor‐activated T cell 1 (NFATc1) pathway activation, F‐actin ring formation, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in vitro. We evaluated AA effect on breast cancer MDA‐MB‐231 and MDA‐MB‐436 cells in vitro through CCK8 assay, wound healing assay, transwell assay, Annexin V‐FITC/PI staining for cell apoptosis, and cell cycle assay. Furthermore, we assessed the effect of AA in vivo using a breast cancer‐induced bone osteolysis nude mouse model, followed by micro‐computed tomography, tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase staining, and hematoxylin and eosin staining.ResultsAsperolide A inhibited osteoclast formation and differentiation, bone resorption, F‐actin belt formation, ROS activity, and osteoclast‐specific gene and protein expressions and prevented PI3K/AKT/mTOR/c‐FOS/NFATc1 signaling activation in a dose‐dependent manner in vitro. AA also inhibited breast cancer growth and breast cancer‐induced bone osteolysis by reducing osteoclast formation and function and inactivated PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling in vivo.ConclusionsOur study demonstrated that AA suppressed bone metastatic breast cancer. These findings indicate AA as a potential, novel curative drug candidate for patients with bone metastatic breast cancer.
Severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pneumonia patients treated successfully with a combination of lopinavir/ritonavir plus favipiravir: Case series
Authors: Koba Hayato , Yoneda Taro , Kaneda Tomoya , Ueda Tsukasa , Kimura Hideharu , Kasahara Kazuo 
Published: September 2020

Key Clinical MessageThe combination therapy of Lopinavir/Ritonavir plus Favipiravir might be a treatment option for patients with COVID‐19. Serum ferritin levels and lymphocytopenia are promising markers for disease severity and disease progression that are commonly available in general clinical practice.
Counselor Education Doctoral Students' Lived Experiences With Supervision of Teaching
Authors: Baltrinic Eric R. , Suddeath Eric 
Published: September 2020

In this descriptive phenomenological study, we investigated 10 counselor education doctoral students' experiences with supervision of their teaching. Three supervision of teaching (SupT) structural themes were identified: delivery, dynamics, and distinctions. Implications for implementing SupT on the basis of these structures are discussed, along with the limitations of this study and suggestions for future research. A working definition of SupT is provided.
Evaluation of a Platinum–Acridine Anticancer Agent and Its Liposomal Formulation in an in vivo Model of Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Ding Song , Hackett Christopher L. , Liu Fang , Hackett Ryan G. , Bierbach Ulrich 
Published: September 2020

AbstractLiposomal formulations have been developed for a highly cytotoxic platinum–acridine agent, [PtCl(pn)(C18H21N4)](NO3)2 (PA, pn=propane‐1,3‐diamine), and fully characterized. Nanoliposomes consisting of hydrogenated soybean phosphatidylcholine (HSPC), 1,2‐dihexadecanoyl‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phospho‐(1'‐rac‐glycerol) (DPPG), and polyethylene glycol‐2000‐distearoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DSPE‐mPEG2k) were able to stably encapsulate PA at payload‐to‐lipid ratios of 2–20 %. The fusogenic properties of the liposomes promote efficient cellular uptake of PA across the plasma membrane, which results in vesicular transport of payload to the nucleus in cultured lung cancer cells. Unencapsulated PA and one of the newly designed liposomal formulations show promising tumor growth inhibition in tumor xenografts derived from A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells of 76 % and 72 %, respectively. Cisplatin showed no significant efficacy at a 10‐fold higher dose. These findings underscore the utility of platinum‐acridine agents for treating aggressive, chemoresistant forms of cancer and validate nanoliposomes as a biocompatible, expandable platform for their intravenous delivery and other potential routes of administration.
Everolimus plus bevacizumab is an effective first‐line treatment for patients with advanced papillary variant renal cell carcinoma: Final results from a phase II trial
Authors: Feldman Darren R. , Ged Yasser , Lee Chung‐Han , Knezevic Andrea , Molina Ana M. , Chen Ying‐Bei , Chaim Joshua , Coskey Devyn T. , Murray Samuel , Tickoo Satish K. , Reuter Victor E. , Patil Sujata , Xiao Han , Aghalar Jahan , Apollo Arlyn J. , Carlo Maria I. , Motzer Robert J. , Voss Martin H. 
Published: September 2020

BackgroundWe previously reported on a phase 2 study of everolimus plus bevacizumab across various nonclear cell renal cell carcinoma (nccRCC) histologies and observed encouraging activity among patients with papillary RCC (pRCC) and unclassified RCC (uRCC) with a major papillary component. We subsequently expanded the study to enroll additional patients with pRCC variants.MethodsEverolimus plus bevacizumab was administered at standard doses until disease progression or intolerance to therapy. The primary endpoint was the 6‐month progression‐free survival (PFS) rate; secondary endpoints included objective response rate (ORR), progression‐free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and safety. Correlative analyses included next‐generation sequencing (NGS) from tumor and germline across >341 genes of interest.ResultsIn addition to 19 patients with pRCC variants in the original cohort, 20 patients with similar features were enrolled on the expansion cohort (uRCC with papillary features [n = 24], pRCC [n = 14], and translocation‐associated RCC with papillary features [n = 1]). Among 37 evaluable patients, the 6‐month PFS rate was 78%, the median PFS was 13.7 months (95% CI, 10.8‐16.4 months), and the ORR was 35%. With a median follow‐up of 17.6 months, the median OS was 33.9 months (95% CI, 23.3‐71.9). Tolerance was consistent with prior reports for everolimus plus bevacizumab. NGS results (n = 33) identified responses in patients with a wide spectrum of genomic alterations, including ARID1A, FH, and MET mutations.ConclusionThe expansion cohort results confirm robust activity of everolimus plus bevacizumab in metastatic pRCC variants, supporting this regimen as a standard option for this patient population.
Helquats as Promoters of the Povarov Reaction: Synthesis of 1,2,3,4‐Tetrahydroquinoline Scaffolds Catalyzed by Helicene‐Viologen Hybrids
Authors: Reyes‐Gutiérrez Paul E. , Amatov Tynchtyk T. , Švec Pavel , Císařová Ivana , Šaman David , Pohl Radek , Teplý Filip , Pospíšil Lubomír 
Published: September 2020

AbstractInvited for this month's cover are the synthetic and physical chemistry groups of Paul E. Reyes‐Gutiérrez and Lubomír Pospíšil from the Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, and Charles University. The cover picture shows azoniahelicenes (helquats), which have been shown to function as organocatalysts in the Povarov reaction. Read the Full Paper at 10.1002/cplu.202000151.
Relationship between olfaction and maxillofacial morphology in children with malocclusion
Authors: Oka Shiori , Kawanabe Hitoshi , Yamanobe Shinya , Fukui Kazunori , Baba Yuh , Deguchi Toru 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectivesFunctional problems, including nasal flow problems, are associated with specific skeletal and dental features. Further, maxillary expansion has been associated with nasal airway resistance alterations. This study aimed to investigate whether there is a correlation between skeletal features and nasal airflow‐ and olfaction‐related problems.Materials and methodsThis prospective study included 68 patients (30 boys, 38 girls; mean age 9 ± 2 years) examined at the Ohu University Hospital. We classified patients into three skeletal Classes (Class I, II, and III) based on the ANB angle. Olfactory disorder history was collected from the guardians. Maxillofacial measurements, nasal airflow assessments, and olfactory tests were performed using cephalometric analysis, rhinomanometry, and T&T olfactometer, respectively.ResultsMalocclusion, resulting from skeletal mandibular protrusion and smaller maxilla, was associated with reduced olfaction in children. The detection and recognition thresholds of skeletal Class III were significantly higher than those of Classes I (p = .01) and II (p = .01). Significant correlations were observed between SNA and the detection threshold (r = −.50) as well as between nasion perpendicular‐point A and the recognition threshold (r = −.53). The detection and recognition thresholds were significantly higher in Class III than in Classes I (r = .3) and II (r = −.1).ConclusionsMaxillary growth and development may be associated with olfaction in children. Changing the maxillofacial morphology may improve olfactory function. In the future, we will investigate how malocclusion treatment affects olfactory function.
The cytopathological spectrum of lymphomas in effusions in a tertiary center in Taiwan
Authors: Wang Ren Ching , Chen Yi‐Hsiao , Chen Bo‐Jung , Chuang Shih‐Sung 
Published: September 2020

BackgroundLymphomas presenting in effusions could either be primary or secondary, with very limited data from Taiwan.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed effusion lymphomas from our archives in a tertiary center from July 2011 to June 2019.ResultsWe identified 59 specimens from 43 patients, including 7 cases with primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) and 36, secondary effusion involvement. Half of the secondary cases presented concurrently with effusion lymphoma, while the remaining half‐experienced effusion lymphoma during disease progression. All patients with PELs were males with a median age of 77 and presented with massive pleural effusion. None was HIV‐related. Two (29%) PEL cases were positive for human herpes virus 8 (HHV8). The only case with plasmablastic phenotype in the PEL group was positive for both HHV8 and EBV. Four patients died shortly after diagnosis; while the remaining three were alive at the last follow‐up (two at 13 months and one at 99 months). Of the secondary cases, diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma/high grade B‐cell lymphoma was the most common (n = 16, 44%), followed by mantle cell lymphoma (n = 5, 14%). Only 8 cases (22%) were T‐cell neoplasms. Prognosis for patients with secondary effusion involvement was dismal, with 1‐ and 2‐year overall survival rates at 17% and 8%, respectively.ConclusionWe found a wide cytopathological spectrum of effusion lymphoma in Taiwan. Most of our PEL cases were distinct from that defined in the World Health Organization scheme by a B‐cell phenotype, HHV8‐negativity, and absence of immunodeficiency. As compared to PEL cases, the prognosis of those with secondary involvement was extremely poor.
Micron to nanometre‐scale pore characterisation of the early oil window Vaca Muerta Formation, Neuquén Basin, Argentina
Authors: Hernandez‐Bilbao Eider , Sarg J. Rick , Sonnenberg Stephen A. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis paper characterises the pore types and their distribution in the Vaca Muerta Formation, Neuquén Basin, Argentina. This formation is now being studied and targeted as reservoir rock, and it is therefore considered an unconventional resource play. There is significant need for a porosity description as part of the unconventional reservoir characterisation. Mineral compositions, grain assemblages, morphology, organic content and distribution, and micron to nanometre‐scale pore types are studied through scanning electron microscopy. Petrographic observations depict the complex response of pores to chemical and mechanical processes, where both destruction of primary porosity and generation of secondary pores are common. Compaction, cementation and infill of migrated organic matter destroy primary porosity whereas dissolution and secondary organic matter generated through maturation create secondary pores. Lamina sets with major detrital components can help identify intervals with higher interparticle and intraparticle porosity. Interparticle and intraparticle porosity are ubiquitous throughout the samples. Interparticle pores are common around rigid detrital grains, like quartz and feldspar, and within detrital clay platelets. Porosity within authigenic clay cements is included, as framework porosity and samples may contain up to a maximum of 30 wt% clay. Partial grain dissolution of coccoliths, feldspars and calcite grains resulted in available intraparticle pore space. Organopores are the least abundant pore types at this location. Organopores were described within migrated organic matter. Although the kerogen type (Type II) and the vitrinite reflectance are optimum for hydrocarbon generation (ca 0.80% Ro) in the Vaca Muerta Formation at the study area, development of organopores is not common. The Vaca Muerta Formation has experienced insufficient thermal maturation (early oil window) and has not yet reached peak oil.
The COMT rs4680 polymorphism, family functioning and preschoolers’ attentional control indexed by intraindividual reaction time variability
Authors: Zhang Yuewen , Yang Xiaohui , Wang Zhenhong 
Published: September 2020

AbstractTrial‐to‐trial intraindividual reaction time variability (IIRTV) serves as an index of attentional control and related endogenous brain function. What determinants contribute to preschoolers’ attentional control indexed by IIRTV remains unknown. The present study examined how catechol‐o‐methyltransferase (COMT) rs4680 polymorphism interacted with family functioning (cohesion and adaptability) to impact on preschoolers’ attentional control indexed by IIRTV. One hundred forty‐four preschool children (Mage = 4.19,SD = 0.63) completed the flanker task to assess their IIRTV. Their parents were asked to fill out the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale II to assess family functioning. After controlling for age, socioeconomic status (SES) and mean reaction time, results showed that the COMT rs4680 polymorphism was positively associated with preschoolers’ IIRTV at the 5% significance level (p = .02) but not after multiple testing adjustment (p = .08). Moreover the COMT rs4680 polymorphism significantly interacted with family functioning to impact on preschoolers’ IIRTV and the interaction effects remained significant after correction for multiple testing (p = .01, ΔR2 = 0.06 in congruent conditions;p = .04, ΔR2 = 0.04 in combined conditions). In addition, the significant interaction between SES and COMT rs4680 polymorphism was also found in the present study (p = .01, ΔR2 = 0.05 in congruent conditions;p = .05, ΔR2 = 0.03 in combined conditions). No sex differences were found in the present sample. The findings of the present study expand our knowledge about the gene × environment underpinnings of children's attentional control and endogenous brain function, and provide evidence for the Vantage Sensitivity model on children's development.
Redefining floristic zones in the Korean Peninsula using high‐resolution georeferenced specimen data and self‐organizing maps
Authors: Jung Songhie , Cho Yong‐chan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe use of biota to analyze the distribution pattern of biogeographic regions is essential to gain a better understanding of the ecological processes that cause biotic differentiation and biodiversity at multiple spatiotemporal scales. Recently, the collection of high‐resolution biological distribution data (e.g., specimens) and advances in analytical theory have led to the quantitative analysis and more refined spatial delineation of biogeographic regions. This study was conducted to redefine floristic zones in the southern part of the Korean Peninsula and to better understand the eco‐evolutionary significance of the spatial distribution patterns. Based on 309,333 distribution data of 2,954 vascular plant species in the Korean Peninsula, we derived floristic zones using self‐organizing maps. We compared the characteristics of the derived regions with those of historical floristic zones and ecologically important environmental factors (climate, geology, and geography). In the clustering analysis of the floristic assemblages, four distinct regions were identified, namely, the cold floristic zone (Zone I) in high‐altitude regions at the center of the Korean Peninsula, cool floristic zone (Zone II) in high‐altitude regions in the south of the Korean Peninsula, warm floristic zone (Zone III) in low‐altitude regions in the central and southern parts of the Korean Peninsula, and maritime warm floristic zone (Zone IV) including the volcanic islands Jejudo and Ulleungdo. Totally, 1,099 taxa were common to the four floristic zones. Zone IV showed the highest abundance of specific plants (those found in only one zone), with 404 taxa. Our study improves floristic zone definitions using high‐resolution regional biological distribution data. It will help better understand and re‐establish regional species diversity. In addition, our study provides key data for hotspot analysis required for the conservation of plant diversity.
Stable isotope patterns in lake food webs reflect productivity gradients
Authors: Zimmer Kyle D. , Grow Ryan C. , Tipp Angela R. , Herwig Brian R. , Staples David F. , Cotner James B. , Jacobson Peter C. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractStable isotopes 13C and 15N are often used in lake ecosystems to assess energy sources and trophic positions, respectively. However, δ13C and δ15N are also influenced by internal biogeochemical processes in epilimnetic and hypolimnetic habitats in lakes, but the extent to which biogeochemical processing mediates isotope values between these two habitats, and whether these patterns are influenced by lake productivity is not known. We sampled δ13C and δ15N in epilimnetic mussels, Chaoborus, cisco (Coregonus artedi), and seston and zooplankton in the epilimnia and hypolimnia of 22 Minnesota (USA) lakes ranging from oligotrophic to eutrophic. We also measured lake temperature–oxygen profiles and light levels to assess factors influencing isotope patterns. Isotope samples were baseline‐corrected using epilimnetic mussels in each lake (sample—mussel) to control for watershed‐level differences in isotope values. Results showed δ13C in epilimnetic and hypolimnetic zooplankton, hypolimnetic seston, Chaoborus, and cisco became more depleted in δ13C relative to epilimnetic mussels in low‐productivity lakes where light penetrated into the hypolimnion, while epilimnetic seston δ13C stayed similar to mussel δ13C in all lakes. This pattern was likely due to hypolimnetic phytoplankton in clearwater lakes incorporating more respired CO2, which is depleted in δ13C, and subsequently passing depleted δ13C values up the food chain. Results also showed habitat differences in δ15N with epilimnetic and hypolimnetic zooplankton, hypolimnetic seston, Chaoborus, and cisco becoming more enriched relative to epilimnetic mussels in low‐productivity lakes with higher O2 levels in the hypolimnion, while epilimnetic seston δ15N remained similar to mussel values. The δ15N pattern is consistent with the idea that denitrification and microbial degradation enriched hypolimnetic seston relative to epilimnetic seston in low nutrient lakes, while enhanced epilimnetic primary production enriched epilimnetic δ15N seston relative to hypolimnetic seston in high nutrient lakes. Our results indicate isotopic differences between epilimnetic and hypolimnetic organisms that change along productivity gradients and suggest that microbial processes and the light regime are important drivers.
Age‐0 Smallmouth Bass abundance depends on physicochemical conditions and stream network position
Authors: Miller Andrew D. , Brewer Shannon K. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractStream fish survival and recruitment are products of a physicochemical environment that affects growth and provides refuge; yet, the drivers of spatiotemporal variation in juvenile fish abundance remain unclear. Understanding how physicochemical conditions drive spatial and temporal patterns in fish abundances provides insight into how conditions across stream networks influence fish population success, thereby providing direction to managers about the types and locations of conservation actions that would be most beneficial. Using snorkel and habitat surveys of 120 sites sampled from 2015 to 2017, we evaluated the multiscale relationships among physicochemical features, hydrology, and age‐0 Smallmouth Bass (Micropterus dolomieu velox) abundance in relation to network spatial position. Abundance of age‐0 bass was spatiotemporally variable in relation to a July streamflow–network position interaction, a pool depth–stream size interaction, and a stream temperature–network position interaction. High flows at the end of the nesting season were related to lower age‐0 abundance, but this effect was dampened in stream reaches in close proximity to larger mainstems. In small streams, reaches with deeper pool habitat supported higher age‐0 bass abundances, but this trend was not apparent in larger tributaries and mainstem systems. Generally, colder streams had lower age‐0 Smallmouth Bass abundance, though this relationship was not apparent in reaches adjacent to larger streams that generally supported higher age‐0 bass abundances. Conservation actions that (1) facilitate habitat connectivity within and among streams, (2) limit future anthropogenic practices that alter natural geomorphology by creating shallower stream channels, and (3) maintain adequate flow magnitude and timing to support channel complexity (e.g., deeper pools within smaller catchments) would be most beneficial to supporting rearing habitat for age‐0 riverine Smallmouth Bass.