bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vacuum microwave dehydration decreases volatile concentration and soluble protein content of pea (Pisum sativum L.) protein
Authors: Yen Philip Pui‐Li , Pratap‐Singh Anubhav 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDPeas are an inexpensive yet nutritious and sustainable source of protein. However, it is challenging to incorporate pea proteins into food formulations owing to their beany or green off‐flavours and their limited water solubility.RESULTSVacuum microwave dehydration (VMD) of pea protein with an initial moisture content of 425% (dry basis, db) at 2 W g−1 specific microwave energy and 200 Torr vacuum level for 88 min led to an 83% reduction in total volatile compound concentration. VMD processing at high initial moisture contents facilitated the Maillard reaction, enhancing the extent of protein cross‐linking, leading to a marked decrease in soluble protein content, to 11 g kg−1. Reducing the initial moisture content to 56% db greatly retained protein solubility (112–113 g kg−1), but it only led to a minor reduction in total volatile compound concentration (2–11% reduction). A high microwave energy (20 W g−1)–short time (2 min) treatment at 200 Torr vacuum level was found optimal, reducing both volatile levels and soluble protein content by ~50%.CONCLUSIONEvidently, it is difficult to employ VMD without reduction of pea protein solubility and corresponding changing in functionality. Yet, if optimized, VMD has the capability to decrease volatile concentrations while retaining protein solubility. Future sensory analysis should be conducted to determine whether the aforementioned reductions in total volatile compound concentration may have a notable effect on consumer palatability. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Surgical drain placement in distal pancreatectomy is associated with an increased incidence of postoperative pancreatic fistula and higher readmission rates
Authors: Mangieri Christopher W. , Kuncewitch Michael , Fowler Brett , Erali Richard A. , Moaven Omeed , Shen Perry , Clark Clancy J. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundPostoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) can result in significant morbidity after distal pancreatectomy (DP). It is common practice to place prophylactic surgical drains during DP to monitor and minimize POPF complications; however, their use is controversial.ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to determine if drainage helps to prevent adverse outcomes and decrease the need for additional interventions after DP.MethodsAll patients who underwent DP without vascular resection were identified in the 2014 Targeted Pancreatectomy American College of Surgeons National Surgery Quality Improvement Program Participant Use File. Patients undergoing emergency procedures, American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) 5, or diagnosed with preoperative sepsis were excluded. Univariate and multiple variable analyses were performed to evaluate postoperative outcomes based on use of surgical drain.ResultsA total of 1158 patients (age median: 62; interquartile range: 16; female 58.6%) underwent elective DP with 85.1% (n = 985) having drain placed at time of operation. Laparoscopic technique was used in the majority of patients (54.1%, n = 619). POPF occurred in 201 patients (17.5%). Additional percutaneous drain was required in 106 patients (9.2%). POPF was higher in surgical drain group, 19.4% vs 6.9% (P < .001). Need for percutaneous drain was similar between drain and no drain groups, 9.3% vs 8.1% (P = .600). Postoperative sepsis, shock, major complication, reoperation, and 30‐day mortality was similar between drain and no drain groups (all P > .05). However, readmission was higher in the surgical drain group, 17.8% vs 10.4% (odds ratio [OR]: 1.9; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.1‐3.1; P = .018). After adjusting for age, ASA, and operative time, readmission remained higher in the surgical drain group (OR: 1.9; 95% CI: 1.1‐3.2; P = .016).ConclusionThe use of surgical drainage during DP was associated with increased incidence of readmission and POPF. Drainage showed no effect on outcomes of postoperative sepsis, shock, major complications, reoperation, and 30‐day mortality. Based on these results, routine prophylactic drainage should be reconsidered for patients undergoing DP.
Impact of progesterone receptor status on response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in estrogen receptor‐positive breast cancer patients
Authors: Boland Michael R. , Ryan Éanna J. , Nugent Timothy , Gilroy Darina , Kelly Michael E. , Kennedy John , Maguire Aoife , Alazawi Dhafir , Boyle Terence J. , Connolly Elizabeth M. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIntroductionBreast cancer patients respond differently to neoadjuvant chemotherapy(NAC) based on receptor subtype. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of progesterone receptor (PgR) status on response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in estrogen receptor (ER)+, human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER)− breast cancer patients.MethodsER+ and HER− patients receiving NAC over a 7‐year period (2011‐2017) were identified. The primary outcome was breast complete pathological response (pCR) rate. Secondary outcomes included axillary pCR, axillary/breast pCR and complete radiological response (cRR).ResultsA total of 203 patients were identified (149 in the ER+, PgR+, and HER− group and 54 in the ER+, PgR−, and HER− group). Compared with the PgR+ group, PgR− patients were significantly associated with breast pCR (31.5% vs 7.4%; χ² test; P < .01). In multivariable analysis, PgR− status (odds ratio [OR], 4.58; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.58,13.28; P = .005), radiological size >50 mm (OR, 5.38; 95% CI: 1.07,27.04; P = .04) and grade (OR, 3.52;95% CI: 1.21,10.23;P = .02) were significant predictors of breast pCR. Only PgR‐ status was a significant predictor of cRR (OR, 6.234; 95% CI: 2.531, 15.355; P < .001). In node positive patients, PgR negativity was associated with a trend towards breast/axillary nodal pCR (22% vs 12.7%; χ² test; P = .055).ConclusionOver 30% of ER+, PgR−, and HER− patients will have a breast pCR after NAC. PgR− is the only significant predictor of breast pCR/cRR in this tumor subtype. ER+, PgR−, and HER− patients should be considered for NAC.
Stability, the NIP, and the NSOP: model theoretic properties of formulas via topological properties of function spaces
Authors: Khanaki Karim 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe study and characterize stability, the negation of the independence property (NIP) and the negation of the strict order property (NSOP) in terms of topological and measure theoretical properties of classes of functions. We study a measure theoretic property, Talagrand's stability, and explain the relationship between this property and the NIP in continuous logic. Using a result of Bourgain, Fremlin, and Talagrand, we prove almost definability and Baire 1 definability of coheirs assuming the NIP. We show that a formula has the strict order property if and only if there is a convergent sequence of continuous functions on the space of φ‐types such that its limit is not continuous. We deduce from this a theorem of Shelah and point out the correspondence between this theorem and the Eberlein‐Šmulian theorem.
Determining the best candidates for next‐generation sequencing‐based gene panel for evaluation of early‐onset epilepsy
Authors: Lee Jiwon , Lee Chung , Ki Chang‐Seok , Lee Jeehun 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundGenetic testing is an emerging diagnostic approach in early‐onset epilepsy. Identification of the heterogeneous genetic causes of epilepsy may mitigate unnecessary evaluations and allow more accurate diagnosis and therapy. We aimed to uncover genetic causes of early‐onset epilepsy using next‐generation sequencing (NGS) to elucidate the diagnostic candidates and evaluate the diagnostic yield of targeted gene panel testing.MethodsWe evaluated 116 patients with early‐onset epilepsy developed before 2 years old and normal brain imaging using a NGS‐based targeted gene panel. Variants were classified according to their pathogenicity, and the diagnostic yield of the targeted genes and associated clinical factors were determined.ResultsWe detected 40 disease‐causing variants with diagnostic yield of 34.5% (19 pathogenic, 21 likely pathogenic). Twelve variants were novel. The most commonly detected genes were SCN1A, associated with Dravet syndrome, and PRRT2, associated with benign familial infantile epilepsy. Other variants were identified in ARX, SCN2A, KCNQ2, PCDH19, STXBP1, DEPDC5, and SCN8A. The age of seizure onset and family history were associated with disease‐causing variants.ConclusionNext‐generation sequencing‐based targeted testing is an effective diagnostic test, with 30%–40% comparable diagnostic yield. Patients with earlier seizure onset and family history of epilepsy were the best candidates for testing. For pediatric patients with early‐onset epilepsy, genetic diagnosis is important for accurate prognosis and treatment.
Repeatability of radiomic features in magnetic resonance imaging of glioblastoma: Test–retest and image registration analyses
Authors: Shiri Isaac , Hajianfar Ghasem , Sohrabi Ahmad , Abdollahi Hamid , P. Shayesteh Sajad , Geramifar Parham , Zaidi Habib , Oveisi Mehrdad , Rahmim Arman 
Published: July 2020

PurposeTo assess the repeatability of radiomic features in magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of glioblastoma (GBM) tumors with respect to test–retest, different image registration approaches and inhomogeneity bias field correction.MethodsWe analyzed MR images of 17 GBM patients including T1‐ and T2‐weighted images (performed within the same imaging unit on two consecutive days). For image segmentation, we used a comprehensive segmentation approach including entire tumor, active area of tumor, necrotic regions in T1‐weighted images, and edema regions in T2‐weighted images (test studies only; registration to retest studies is discussed next). Analysis included N3, N4 as well as no bias correction performed on raw MR images. We evaluated 20 image registration approaches, generated by cross‐combination of four transformation and five cost function methods. In total, 714 images (17 patients × 2 images × ((4 transformations × 5 cost functions) + 1 test image) and 2856 segmentations (714 images × 4 segmentations) were prepared for feature extraction. Various radiomic features were extracted, including the use of preprocessing filters, specifically wavelet (WAV) and Laplacian of Gaussian (LOG), as well as discretization into fixed bin width and fixed bin count (16, 32, 64, 128, and 256), Exponential, Gradient, Logarithm, Square and Square Root scales. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were calculated to assess the repeatability of MRI radiomic features (high repeatability defined as ICC ≥ 95%).ResultsIn our ICC results, we observed high repeatability (ICC ≥ 95%) with respect to image preprocessing, different image registration algorithms, and test–retest analysis, for example: RLNU and GLNU from GLRLM, GLNU and DNU from GLDM, Coarseness and Busyness from NGTDM, GLNU and ZP from GLSZM, and Energy and RMS from first order. Highest fraction (percent) of repeatable features was observed, among registration techniques, for the method Full Affine transformation with 12 degrees of freedom using Mutual Information cost function (mean 32.4%), and among image processing methods, for the method Laplacian of Gaussian (LOG) with Sigma (2.5–4.5 mm) (mean 78.9%). The trends were relatively consistent for N4, N3, or no bias correction.ConclusionOur results showed varying performances in repeatability of MR radiomic features for GBM tumors due to test–retest and image registration. The findings have implications for appropriate usage in diagnostic and predictive models.
Numerical simulation of particle plugging in hydraulic fracture by element partition method
Authors: Wang Yujie , Li Xinyong , Zhao Bing , Zhang Zhennan 
Published: July 2020

SummaryHydraulic fracturing (HF) treatment often involves particle migration and is applied for propping or plugging fractures. Particle migration behaviors, e.g., bridging, packing, and plugging, significantly affect the HF process. Hence, it is crucial to effectively simulate particle migration. In this study, a new numerical approach is developed based on a coupled element partition method (EPM). The EPM is used to model natural and hydraulic fractures, in which a fracture is allowed to propagate across an element, thereby avoiding remeshing in fracture simulations. To characterize the water flow process in a fracture, a fully hydromechanical coupled equation is adopted in the EPM. To model particle transportation in fractures with water flow, each particle is treated as a discrete element. The particles move in the fracture as a result of being dragged by fluid. Their movement, contact, and packing behaviors are simulated using the discrete element method. To reflect the plugging effect, an equivalent aperture approach is proposed. Using this method, the particle migration and its effect on water flow are well simulated. The simulation results show that this method can effectively reproduce particle bridging, plugging, and unblocking in a hydraulic fracture. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that particle plugging significantly affects water flow in a fracture and hence the propagation of hydraulic fracture. This method provides a simple and feasible approach for the simulation of particle migration in a hydraulic fracture.
Contrasting susceptibility of lepidopteran pests to diamide and pyrethroid insecticides in a region of overwintering and migratory intersection
Authors: Rabelo Marcelo M , Paula‐Moraes Silvana V , Pereira Eliseu José G , Siegfried Blair D 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDPesticide resistance is a growing issue worldwide, and susceptibility of pest populations should be monitored in migratory intersection regions for successful resistance management. We determined the susceptibility of eight noctuid species from the Florida Panhandle to bifenthrin (pyrethroid) and chlorantraniliprole (diamide). Larvae from field and laboratory populations were exposed to commercial insecticide formulations using the leaf‐dip method in concentration–mortality bioassays.RESULTSThe field populations of Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith), S. eridania (Stoll), S. exigua (Hubner) and Chloridea virescens (Fabricius) had reduced susceptibility to bifenthrin compared with the laboratory populations. Resistance ratios to bifenthrin were as high as 10 071‐fold in S. exigua and 436‐fold in S. frugiperda, while there was no reduced susceptibility in Agrotis ipsilon (Hufnagel). The susceptibility to chlorantraniliprole was similar between the field and laboratory populations studied, except for S. exigua that exhibited 630‐fold resistance to the diamide. The probit regression equations indicated that the larval mortality of S. exigua and S. frugiperda populations was <80% with bifenthrin at the concentration equivalent to the label rate. Likewise, the estimated mortality of S. exigua larvae with chlorantraniliprole at the label rate concentration was <80%.CONCLUSIONSThe lepidopteran pest populations tested were variable in susceptibility to bifenthrin by contrast to more consistent susceptibility to chlorantraniliprole. These results help in the choice of effective insecticides for integrated pest management and resistance management in cropping systems colonized by migratory lepidopteran pests from the U.S. Gulf Coast region. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Sampled‐data consensus of multiagent systems with switching jointly connected topologies via time‐varying Lyapunov function approach
Authors: Sun Jian , Wang Zhan‐Shan , Rong Nan‐Nan 
Published: July 2020

SummaryConsensus problem of multiagent systems with switching jointly connected topologies under sampled‐data control is studied in this article. The main contribution is that the consensus problem for such system is solved without the assumption that the system matrices are stable or critically stable. For this purpose, a time‐varying Lyapunov function method is utilized to describe the state characteristics with switching jointly connected topologies. Based on the time‐varying matrix of Lyapunov function, the “decline” characteristics at the switching instants is derived to compensate the divergence among the agents with disconnected topologies. Utilizing the “decline” characteristics, the overall consensus of such system can be guaranteed in the framework of dwell time. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed result is illustrated by two numerical examples.
Investigation on Photophysical, Solvatochromism and Biological Significance of Substituted 2H‐Indazole Derivatives
Authors: Roniboss Anthonisamy , Chanda Kaushik , Motilal Balamurali Musuvathi 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe electronic properties of substituted 2H‐indazoles were investigated for their photophysical behavior under isolated conditions and in solvent environment, both computationally and experimentally. DFT calculations with CAM−B3LYP functional and 6–311++G** basis set were performed in the ground and excited states. The effect of solvents on the low and high energy electronic states was studied by following the steady state absorption and fluorescence excitation and emission spectra. Solvatochromic interactions including general and specific solvent effects are reported along with the results of Lippert and ET(30) plots. The biological significance of these 2H‐indazole derivatives was also investigated through docking studies. The interactions of 2H‐indazole derivatives with the active site of subdomain II of human casein kinase (C2 K) alpha are reported.
Metal‐Free Synthesis of Thermally Stable Fluorescent p‐Terphenyls by Ring Transformation of 2H‐Pyran‐2‐ones
Authors: Chandrasekar Subashini , Singh Fateh V. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA metal‐free approach for the synthesis of p‐terphenyls 7 a–i and cyclic p‐terphenyls 9 a–d and 11 a–d is described via carbanion induced ring transformation reaction of 6‐biphenyl‐2H‐pyran‐2‐ones 5 with malononitrile 6, cyclohexanone 8 and 1,4‐cyclohexanedione monoethylene ketal 10 respectively. Additionally, the base‐mediated ring transformation reactions were working smoothly under mild reaction conditions and ring transformation products 7, 9 and 11 were isolated in good to excellent yields. The synthetic approach provides the flexibility of introducing of both electron‐withdrawing and ‐donating functionalities in p‐terphenyl architecture. Moreover, the photo physical properties of compounds 7, 9 and 11 were analyzed using UV‐visible and Fluorescence Spectroscopy. p‐Terphenyls 7 c showed cyan fluorescence in chloroform (λmax (em): 508 nm) and acetonitrile (λmax (em): 420 nm) while cyclic p‐terphenyl 9 a showed blue fluorescence in chloroform and 1,4‐dioxane (λmax (em): 470 nm). Similarly, compound 11 a showed blue fluorescence in chloroform (λmax (em): 468 nm) and 1,4‐dioxane (λmax (em): 473 nm). Additionally, the thermal stability of synthesized cyclic p‐terphenyls 11 a, 11 c and 11 d were also studied using TG and DTA techniques.
Synthesis of Chiral 1,3‐keto‐acetates through Enzymatic Kinetic Resolution with Amano Lipase fromPseudomonas fluorescens
Authors: Can Hacer , Yıldız Tülay , Onar Hülya Çelik 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis study provides an enzymatic kinetic resolution (EKR) method for the biocatalytic enantioselective synthesis of chiral β‐keto acetates. For the first time, the attitude of several lipase enzymes has been examined under different conditions for the EKR of the racemic 1,3‐keto alcohols. We found that the Amano lipase fromPseudomonas fluorescens(AL‐PF) lipase showed the best results for the resolution of the racemic 1,3‐keto alcohols. We developed a highly effective EKR method by changing the enzyme, temperature, solvent, and enzyme amount in order to synthesize the chiral 1,3‐keto esters, which are useful intermediates in organic synthesis. This study presents an efficient method for the synthesis of 1,3‐keto acetates with a good yield and high enantioselectivity with theRconfiguration.
InP Quantum Dots: Synthesis and Lighting Applications
Authors: Chen Bing , Li Dongyu , Wang Feng 
Published: July 2020

AbstractInP quantum dots (QDs) are typical III–V group semiconductor nanocrystals that feature large excitonic Bohr radius and high carrier mobility. The merits of InP QDs include large absorption coefficient, broad color tunability, and low toxicity, which render them promising alternatives to classic Cd/Pb‐based QDs for applications in practical settings. Over the past two decades, the advances in wet‐chemistry methods have enabled the synthesis of small‐sized colloidal InP QDs with the assistance of organic ligands. By proper selection of synthetic protocols and precursor materials coupled with surface passivation, the QYs of InP QDs are pushed to near unity with modest color purity. The state‐of‐the‐art InP QDs with appealing optical and electronic properties have excelled in many applications with the potential for commercialization. This work focuses on the recent development of wet‐chemistry protocols and various precursor materials for the synthesis and surface modification of InP QDs. Current methods for constructing light‐emitting diodes using novel InP‐based QDs are also summarized.
Advanced Characterization Techniques for Interface in All‐Solid‐State Batteries
Authors: Li Yuyu , Gao Zhonghui , Hu Fei , Lin Xing , Wei Ying , Peng Jian , Yang Jiayi , Li Zhen , Huang Yunhui , Ding Han 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe interface is a critical factor of electrochemical performance for all‐solid‐state batteries (ASSBs). Comprehending the composition, structure, morphology, and their evolution in the interface during charge/discharge cycling is greatly important for the development and practical application of ASSBs. The characterization techniques are very crucial and powerful for investigating the interface properties of ASSBs. This review briefly describes how the interface is generated in ASSBs, and then emphatically summarizes some important advanced techniques used to characterize the interface in ASSBs. The principle, advantage, and application of the techniques in the interface investigation are systematically discussed. This review provides fundamental insights and perspectives for developing the characterization techniques to deeply understand the interfacial behaviors of ASSBs, which is valuable for accelerating the commercialization of ASSBs used in electronic devices, electric vehicles, and large‐scale energy storage.