bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
InSocialNet: Interactive visual analytics for role—event videos
Authors: Pan Yaohua , Niu Zhibin , Wu Jing , Zhang Jiawan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractRole–event videos are rich in information but challenging to be understood at the story level. The social roles and behavior patterns of characters largely depend on the interactions among characters and the background events. Understanding them requires analysis of the video contents for a long duration, which is beyond the ability of current algorithms designed for analyzing short-time dynamics. In this paper, we propose InSocialNet, an interactive video analytics tool for analyzing the contents of role–event videos. It automatically and dynamically constructs social networks from role–event videos making use of face and expression recognition, and provides a visual interface for interactive analysis of video contents. Together with social network analysis at the back end, InSocialNet supports users to investigate characters, their relationships, social roles, factions, and events in the input video. We conduct case studies to demonstrate the effectiveness of InSocialNet in assisting the harvest of rich information from role–event videos. We believe the current prototype implementation can be extended to applications beyond movie analysis, e.g., social psychology experiments to help understand crowd social behaviors.
Reconstructing piecewise planar scenes with multi-view regularization
Authors: Xi Weijie , Chen Xuejin 
Published: January 2020

AbstractReconstruction of man-made scenes from multi-view images is an important problem in computer vision and computer graphics. Observing that man-made scenes are usually composed of planar surfaces, we encode plane shape prior in reconstructing man-made scenes. Recent approaches for single-view reconstruction employ multi-branch neural networks to simultaneously segment planes and recover 3D plane parameters. However, the scale of available annotated data heavily limits the generalizability and accuracy of these supervised methods. In this paper, we propose multi-view regularization to enhance the capability of piecewise planar reconstruction during the training phase, without demanding extra annotated data. Our multi-view regularization enables the consistency among multiple views by making the feature embedding more robust against view change and lighting variations. Thus, the neural network trained by multi-view regularization performs better on a wide range of views and lightings in the test phase. Based on more consistent prediction results, we merge the recovered models from multiple views to reconstruct scenes. Our approach achieves state-of-the-art reconstruction performance compared to previous approaches on the public ScanNet dataset.
SpinNet: Spinning convolutional network for lane boundary detection
Authors: Fan Ruochen , Wang Xuanrun , Hou Qibin , Liu Hanchao , Mu Tai-Jiang 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we propose a simple but effective framework for lane boundary detection, called SpinNet. Considering that cars or pedestrians often occlude lane boundaries and that the local features of lane boundaries are not distinctive, therefore, analyzing and collecting global context information is crucial for lane boundary detection. To this end, we design a novel spinning convolution layer and a brand-new lane parameterization branch in our network to detect lane boundaries from a global perspective. To extract features in narrow strip-shaped fields, we adopt strip-shaped convolutions with kernels which have 1 × n or n × 1 shape in the spinning convolution layer. To tackle the problem of that straight strip-shaped convolutions are only able to extract features in vertical or horizontal directions, we introduce the concept of feature map rotation to allow the convolutions to be applied in multiple directions so that more information can be collected concerning a whole lane boundary. Moreover, unlike most existing lane boundary detectors, which extract lane boundaries from segmentation masks, our lane boundary parameterization branch predicts a curve expression for the lane boundary for each pixel in the output feature map. And the network utilizes this information to predict the weights of the curve, to better form the final lane boundaries. Our framework is easy to implement and end-to-end trainable. Experiments show that our proposed SpinNet outperforms state-of-the-art methods.
Pelvic Ring Fracture During a Professional Surfing Event at the Banzai Pipeline
Authors: Rogich Jerome John , Kim Reeo Yeop , Chang Spencer , Kaneshige Jason , Dao Leland 
Published: January 2020

We present a case of a 32-y-old male professional surfer who sustained an isolated pelvic ring fracture after wiping out on a large wave and striking the ocean floor during a world championship tour surfing competition in Hawaii. The surfer was rescued by the water patrol lifeguards, evaluated by onsite medical staff, and stabilized for transfer and subsequent surgical management. As surfing and surfing competitions become increasingly popular, medical staff and event organizers must be aware of the possibility for severe, life-threatening injuries during surfing events. Although infrequent, staff must be prepared to manage these injuries, including immediate resuscitation, stabilization, analgesia, and transfer to definitive care. We hope this case encourages not only surf event organizers and medical staff, but also staff of all professional and recreational water sports, to increase their preparedness to stabilize and treat both life-threatening and minor injuries. Expeditious and appropriate treatment of an injured athlete has the potential to decrease morbidity and mortality while maximizing the athletes’ functional outcome after injury.
To change banks or bankers? Systemic political (in)action and post-crisis banking reform in the UK and the Netherlands
Authors: Ganderson Joseph 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAfter the subprime financial crisis, the countries who were worst affected set about reforming legacy financial regulations. Given multiple similarities in the way they experienced the crisis and the similar complexions of their post-crisis economies and politics, the contrast between the UK and the Netherlands' approaches to breaking up their largest banks presents a puzzle for prevailing theories in the politics of financial regulation. Both countries explored a range of reform options using similar expert committees, but while UK policymakers determined that commercial and investment operations should be ring-fenced in the largest British banks, the Dutch reform program centered on the banks’ own recommendations to change banking culture from the bottom up by developing a code of conduct and banker's oath. The paper traces this divergence to two related effects produced by the countries’ contrasting majoritarian and consensus party systems: power sharing and coalition formation. Under conditions of high issue salience, both worked to encourage British policymakers to prioritize reform, while in the Netherlands each factor reduced party political responsiveness and de-emphasized alternatives to the banks’ own reform prescriptions. The paper ultimately suggests that institutional democratic variables are worthy of greater recognition among scholars of business power and financial regulation.
One British Thing: A History of Embodiment: Ann Purvis, ca.1793–1849
Authors: Harvey Karen 
Published: January 2020

AbstractTaking a material culture approach to the body poses challenges to our research practices and approaches to studying past experience. This piece considers what can be learned from using human remains in the study of the British past, arguing that integrating the material body into our methods aligns well with historical emphasis on the constructed nature of the body.
FILIATION AND ADOPTION AMONG MUSLIMS IN INDIA: THE QUAGMIRES OF A RELIGIOUS MINORITY LAW
Authors: Dequen Jean-Philippe 
Published: January 2020

AbstractFiliation among Muslims in India is governed by Muslim personal law, a largely uncodified corpus of key Islamic legal treatises that has subsequently been interpreted and applied through the Common Law frame of British colonial courts and the post-Independence Indian judicial system by virtue of the Muslim Personal Law (Shariat) Application Act 1937. Muslim personal law recognizes only legitimate filiation resulting from a valid or irregular marriage, barring illegitimate children from maintenance and intestate succession and prohibiting adoption. However, a number of legislative enactments have modified key aspects of the law of filiation among Muslims: shifting the presumption of legitimacy arising from a valid marriage to the time of the wedding, rather than the time of conception; invalidating the doctrine of dormant fetus; and lifting certain disabilities incurred from illegitimacy. Further, although adoption based on customary law is somewhat common in India and has been recognized by courts, its effect among Muslims has tended only to lift the bar to paternal succession and seldom creates filiation with the adoptive family. Notwithstanding, following the enactment of the Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act 2000 and its subsequent amendments, an optional secular legal framework for adoption is now available to Muslim prospective parents. The procedure set forth by the Act is nonetheless unwieldly and implementation faces the very practical difficulties of the state in managing and protecting the vast number of destitute and abandoned children in India, for the most part with an unknown filiation.
Dynamic Analysis and Reliability Evaluation for an Eccentric Speed Reducer Based on Fem
Authors: Tsai Y. T. , Lin K. H. 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTThis paper reported the designed approaches of cycloidal mechanisms, studied its dynamic forces and failure characteristics using finite element methods (FEM). A simplified cycloidal mechanism (CM) is constructed to fulfill dynamic analysis and reliability evaluation. The studied results show that the loads of the mechanism are shared mainly by a half of the outer rollers and the inner pins. The possible failures of the mechanism will occur at the inner pins caused by the bending stress, and at the cycloid disc induced by the contacting stress. The failure of the inner pins will dominate the damage of the mechanism. A method of evaluating stress variation is proposed for fulfilling reliability design. The stress variations are derived according to the data in dynamic analysis by regression analysis. The methods of design modification are reported for improve the reliabilities. The allowable loads of the CM can be decided accordingly based on the analyzed information.
Examining the variability in network populations and its role in generative models
Authors: Arora Viplove , Guo Dali , Dunbar Katherine D. , Ventresca Mario 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA principled approach to understand networks is to formulate generative models and infer their parameters from given network data. Due to the scarcity of data in the form of multiple networks that have evolved from the same process, generative models are typically formulated to learn parameters from a single network observation, hence ignoring the natural variability of the “true” process. In this paper, we highlight the importance of variability in evaluating generative models and present two ways of quantifying the variability for a finite set of networks. The first evaluation scheme compares the statistical properties of networks in a dissimilarity space, while the other relies on data-driven entropy measures to compute variability in network populations. Using these measures, we evaluate the ability of four generative models to synthesize networks that capture the variability of the “true” process. Our empirical analysis suggests that generative models fitted for a single network observation fail to capture the variability in the network population. Our work highlights the need for rethinking the way we evaluate the goodness-of-fit of new and existing network models and devising models that are capable of matching the variability of network populations when available.
Will I Get Paid? Employee Stock Options and Mergers and Acquisitions
Authors: Babenko Ilona , Du Fangfang , Tserlukevich Yuri 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe analyze how employee compensation contracts of target firms affect merger terms and outcomes. Using unique data from merger agreements, we document that in 80.0% of all merger and acquisition (M&A) deals, at least some of the target’s employee stock options (ESOs) are canceled by the acquirer and not replaced by new equity-based grants. Contract modifications reduce the value of ESOs by 38.4% in the average M&A deal. Further, the combined merger returns are larger when employees experience greater losses. Overall, our results indicate that the benefits of reducing the number of ESOs outweigh the potential negative effects on firm value.
Weibel instability oscillation in a dusty plasma with counter-streaming electrons
Authors: Kaur Daljeet , Sharma Suresh C. , Pandey R.S. , Gupta Ruby 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe investigate the Weibel instability (WI) in a dusty plasma which is driven to oscillation by the addition of dust grains in the plasma. Our analysis predicts the existence of three modes in a dusty plasma. There is a high-frequency electromagnetic mode, whose frequency increases with an increase in the relative number density of dust grains and which approaches instability due to the presence of dust grains. The second mode is a damping mode which exists due to dust charge fluctuations in plasma. The third mode is the oscillating WI mode. The dispersion relation and the growth rate of various modes in the dusty plasma are derived using the first-order perturbation theory. The effect of dust grain parameters on frequency and growth rate is also studied and reported.
Diversity metrics of spider communities associated with an understorey plant in tropical rain forest fragments
Authors: Benítez-Malvido Julieta , Martínez-Falcón Ana Paola , Durán-Barrón César G. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractHuman activities change the biodiversity of ecological communities in at least three dimensions: ecologically, taxonomically and functionally. Gathering information on these three dimensions allows the improvement of biodiversity assessments and the increased understanding of anthropogenic impact on natural communities. In this study, we analysed the spider community associated with the tropical plantHeliconia aurantiacain two contrasting habitat types: continuous forest and forest fragments in south-eastern Mexico. We examined the foliage, stems and bracts ofH. aurantiacaindividuals in both habitats. We categorized each spider species according to its behavioural and functional traits. We analysed ecological diversity using Hill numbers, taxonomic distinctness and functional diversity using the FRic index. Overall, we collected a total of 110 spiders, of which 44 individuals from 29 species were found in continuous forests, with 66 individuals from 36 species in forest fragments. We found greater ecological diversity in continuous forest than in fragments. In contrast, we found lower functional diversity in continuous forest than in fragments. Taxonomic diversity showed no significant difference between habitats. Forest fragmentation affected the biodiversity of spiders by disrupting species composition and function, which may lead to other ecological changes such as predator–prey interactions and other aspects of ecosystem functioning.
Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and hypertension in premenopausal and postmenopausal women: National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 2007–2010
Authors: Kwak Jung Hyun , Hong Yun-Chul , Choi Yoon-Hyeong 
Published: January 2020

AbstractObjective:A recent meta-analysis suggested that the association between vitamin D and risk of hypertension was markedly stronger in women aged <55 years in observational data, while the association became null in women aged ≥55 years. We therefore hypothesized that this difference in associations might potentially be caused by the change in oestrogen around menopause. Our objective was to investigate associations between vitamin D status and hypertension risk and to evaluate those associations as they may differ according to menopausal status.Design:A cross-sectional population survey conducted by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics.Setting:The National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) 2007–2010 formed the setting for the present study.Participants:We analysed data from 2098 premenopausal women and 2298 postmenopausal women.Results:After adjustment for sociodemographic, behavioural and dietary factors, higher concentrations both of serum total 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and serum 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25(OH)D3) revealed significant dose-dependent trends with lower risk of hypertension (Ptrend= 0·005 and 0·014, respectively) in premenopausal women. In those women, 25(OH)D ≥ 50 nmol/l (sufficient; in contrast to deficient, vitamin D < 30 nmol/l) appeared to have a protective effect against hypertension (OR = 0·64, 95 % CI 0·39, 1·02 for total 25(OH)D and OR = 0·60, 95 % CI 0·36, 1·00 for 25(OH)D3). Neither association with hypertension was observed in postmenopausal women.Conclusions:Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were associated with lower risk of hypertension in premenopausal women, but not in postmenopausal women.
TIR approach and stress tolerance indices to identify donor for high-temperature stress tolerance in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)
Authors: Mishra Smaranika , Laxman R. H. , Reddy K. Madhavi , Venugopalan R. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBell pepper or sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L. var. grossum) is highly susceptible to high-temperature stress (HT). Hence, search for donor across C. annuum for HT tolerance was undertaken by following Temperature Induction Response (TIR) technique. The induction and challenging temperature requirement for TIR screening were standardized in 1 d-old Capsicum seedlings. Forty Capsicum genotypes were evaluated based on the recovery growth (RG) and per cent reduction in recovery growth (%RRG) of the seedlings. The genotypes Punjab Guchhedar and Ajeet 1 were found to have maximum cellular level tolerance (CLT) to HT with higher RG and lower %RRG compared to the non-induced seedlings and HDC 75 was found to have minimum CLT. In order to confirm the findings, another experiment was conducted under managed stress and control conditions. Absolute yield obtained from both the environments were used to calculate stress tolerance indices such as heat susceptibility index, tolerance index, stress tolerance index, mean productivity, geometric mean productivity and yield stability index. Based on these tolerance indices, Punjab Guchhedar and Ajeet 1 were found to be highly tolerant and HDC 75 as highly susceptible. Further, the combined result of TIR and tolerance indices also gave the same result confirming Punjab Guchhedar and Ajeet 1 can be used as a donor for the future breeding programme aimed at evolving high-temperature-tolerant bell pepper cultivars. The result also confirms the fitness of TIR technique to screen Capsicum genotypes for tolerance to HT based on variability in acquired thermotolerance.
Numerical Experiments on Variation of Freshwater Plume and Leakage Effect From Mississippi River Diversion in the Lake Pontchartrain Estuary
Authors: Huang Wei , Li Chunyan , White John R. , Bargu Sibel , Milan Brian , Bentley Sam 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA Finite Volume Community Ocean Model is used to investigate how wind impacts the circulation and evolution of a freshwater plume from Mississippi River diversion in the Lake Pontchartrain Estuary. Results show that northerly and southerly winds tend to stretch the plume in the east‐west directions, while easterly and westerly winds constrain the plume in the north‐south directions. Increasing wind magnitude tends to increase the total salt content of the estuary except under weak westerly wind (<6 m/s) during which salt content decreases. A no‐motion middepth interface is found (by the model and verified by the data), separating the top layer downwind flow and bottom layer upwind flow. Increasing wind magnitude can enhance the two‐layered flows and lower the no‐motion plane between the two opposite flows. Apparent small leakage of the river water through the diversion structure prior to its opening is found to impact the vertical structure of flows and salinity: Mixing is facilitated by the large amount of freshwater leaked into the lake prior to the opening of the diversion; wind‐driven gyres are diminished; the average potential energy demand, a quantity used to measure the vertical stratification, is reduced to very low values; more deviation from the quasi‐steady state balance tends to occur; and a total of 3.7 × 108 kg of salt is reduced during the opening period of the Bonnet Carré Spillway. The Lake Pontchartrain Estuary is completely dominated by the river water within about 25 days, when salinity drops from an average value of 4 g/kg to essentially zero.
Mercury Accumulation in Tree Rings: Observed Trends in Quantity and Isotopic Composition in Shenandoah National Park, Virginia
Authors: Scanlon T. M. , Riscassi A. L. , Demers J. D. , Camper T. D. , Lee T. R. , Druckenbrod D. L. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractRecent studies have shown that mercury (Hg) concentrations in tree rings have the potential to archive historical Hg exposure from local, regional, and global sources. The southeastern United States has received elevated Hg deposition, yet no studies have evaluated tree ring Hg in this region. Here, we quantify Hg accumulation and isotopic composition in tree rings collected in Shenandoah National Park, Virginia. Cores were collected from three individuals of three tree species—white oak (Quercus alba), northern red oak (Quercus rubra), and pitch pine (Pinus rigida)—within the northern, central, and southern areas of the Park (n = 27 cores). The cores were analyzed for Hg content in 10‐year increments, with some cores dating back to the early 1800s. Overall, tree ring Hg concentrations (ranging from below detection to 4.4 ng/g) were similar to other studies and varied between species, with pitch pine having higher concentrations than the deciduous species. The most notable feature of the tree ring Hg time series was a peak that occurred during the 1930s through 1950s, coinciding with the use of Hg at a local industrial facility. Atmospheric modeling indicates that potential emissions from the plant likely had a stronger impact on the southern region of the Park, consistent with the latitudinal gradient in tree ring Hg concentrations. Mass‐dependent and mass‐independent fractionation of Hg isotopes suggests contributions from both regional anthropogenic and local industrial sources during this period. This study demonstrates the potential usefulness of tree ring dendrochemistry for identifying historical sources of atmospheric Hg exposure.