bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Near‐Infrared Electroluminescence beyond 800 nm with High Efficiency and Radiance from Anthracene Cored Emitters
Authors: Yu You‐Jun , Hu Yun , Yang Sheng‐Yi , Luo Wei , Yuan Yi , Peng Chen‐Chen , Liu Jin‐Feng , Khan Aziz , Jiang Zuo‐Quan , Liao Liang‐Sheng 
Published: August 2020

AbstractDerivatives based on anthryleno[1,2‐b]pyrazine‐2,3‐dicarbonitrile (DCPA) are used as luminescent materials, to realize near‐infrared (NIR) electroluminescence. By functionalizing DCPA with aromatic amine donors, two emitters named DCPA‐TPA and DCPA‐BBPA are designed and synthesized. Both molecules have large dipole moments owing to the strong intramolecular charge transfer interactions between the amine donors and the DCPA acceptor. Thus, compared with doped films, the emission of neat films of DCPA‐TPA and DCPA‐BBPA can fully fall into the NIR region (>700 nm) with increasing surrounding polarity by increasing doping ratio. Moreover, the non‐doped devices based on DCPA‐TPA and DCPA‐BBPA provide NIR emission with peaks at 838 and 916 nm, respectively. A maximum radiance of 20707 mW Sr−1 m−2 was realized for the further optimized device based on DCPA‐TPA. This work provides a simple and efficient strategy of molecular design for developing NIR emitting materials.
Ordering properties of generalized aggregation with applications
Authors: Ding Weiyong , Wang Chuchu , Zhang Yiying 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe generalized aggregation arises in many research fields including applied probability, actuarial science, and reliability theory, where is a bivariate kernel function and a is a parameter vector. One of its remarkable features is that both X and W are dependent in many practical situations. Therefore, studying the stochastic properties of generalized aggregations under various dependence structures is an interesting and meaningful problem. In this paper, by using left tail weakly stochastic arrangement increasing, right tail weakly stochastic arrangement increasing, and comonotonicity to characterize the dependent structures among X or W, we establish the increasing convex ordering and the expectation ordering of generalized aggregations to investigate the effects of the arrangement and heterogeneity among ai's. Numerical examples and three practical applications are presented to illustrate our results as well.
VAV1‐overexpressing YT cells display improved cytotoxicity against malignant cells
Authors: Smagina Anna S. , Kulemzin Sergey V. , Yusubalieva Gaukhar M. , Kedrova Anna G. , Sanzharov Andrey E. , Ivanov Yurii V. , Matvienko Darya A. , Kalsin Vladimir A. , Gorchakov Andrey A. , Baklaushev Vladimir P. , Taranin Aleksandr V. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractImmunotherapy based on adoptive transfer of genetically engineered T‐ and NK‐cells is an area of active ongoing research and has proven highly efficacious for patients with certain B‐cell malignancies. Use of NK cells and NK cell lines as carriers of chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) appears particularly promising, as this opens an opportunity for moving the therapy from autologous to the allogeneic (universal) format. This “off‐the‐shelf” approach is thought to significantly reduce the price of the treatment and make it available to many more patients in need. Yet, the efficacy of CAR‐NK cells in vivo presently remains low, and boosting the activity of CAR NK cells via stronger tumor homing, resistance to tumor microenvironment, as well as greater cytotoxicity may translate into improved patient outcomes. Here, we established a derivative of a human NK cell line YT overexpressing a positive regulator of cytotoxicity, VAV1. Activity of YT‐VAV1 cells obtained was assayed in vitro against several cancer cell lines and primary patient‐derived cancer cells. YT‐VAV1 cells outperform parental YT cells in terms of cytotoxicity.
Production of Modified Vaccinia Ankara Virus by Intensified Cell Cultures: A Comparison of Platform Technologies for Viral Vector Production
Authors: Gränicher Gwendal , Tapia Felipe , Behrendt Ilona , Jordan Ingo , Genzel Yvonne , Reichl Udo 
Published: August 2020

AbstractModified Vaccinia Ankara (MVA) virus is a promising vector for vaccination against various challenging pathogens or the treatment of some types of cancers, requiring a high amount of virions per dose for vaccination and gene therapy. Upstream process intensification combining perfusion technologies, the avian suspension cell line AGE1.CR.pIX and the virus strain MVA‐CR19 is an option to obtain very high MVA yields. Here the authors compare different options for cell retention in perfusion mode using conventional stirred‐tank bioreactors. Furthermore, the authors study hollow‐fiber bioreactors and an orbital‐shaken bioreactor in perfusion mode, both available for single‐use. Productivity for the virus strain MVA‐CR19 is compared to results from batch and continuous production reported in literature. The results demonstrate that cell retention devices are only required to maximize cell concentration but not for continuous harvesting. Using a stirred‐tank bioreactor, a perfusion strategy with working volume expansion after virus infection results in the highest yields. Overall, infectious MVA virus titers of 2.1–16.5 × 109 virions/mL are achieved in these intensified processes. Taken together, the study shows a novel perspective on high‐yield MVA virus production in conventional bioreactor systems linked to various cell retention devices and addresses options for process intensification including fully single‐use perfusion platforms.
Singen mit Kopf und Kragen
Authors: Bergmann Hans‐Heiner 
Published: August 2020

ZusammenfassungDurch ihre schnelle Bewegung in der Luft beim Fliegen und bei davon abgeleiteten Bewegungsformen erzeugen Vogelfedern Schall, primär als geräuschhaftes Epiphänomen. Auch der mit einer Hornschicht bedeckte Schnabel kann durch schnelles Schließen Geräusche erzeugen. Solcher Schall kann zum Signal werden, wenn er in sozialen Situationen eingesetzt wird. Dabei kann geräuschhafter Schall von Federn zu Klängen oder Tönen umgewandelt werden. Hier werden erstmals die akustischen Eigenschaften dieser Instrumentallaute mit der Methode der Sonagraphie beispielhaft analysiert. Über die biologische Bedeutung der instrumentalen Signale der Vögel bestehen hauptsächlich Vermutungen, die sich aus den beobachteten Situationen ergeben.
XQ‐1H attenuates ischemic injury in PC12 cells via Wnt/β‐catenin signaling though inhibition of apoptosis and promotion of proliferation
Authors: Xu Dan , Li Fengyang , Hou Kai , Gou Xue , Fang Weirong , Li Yunman 
Published: August 2020

Abstract10‐O‐(N,N‐dimethylaminoethyl)‐ginkgolide B methanesulfonate (XQ‐1H) is a new derivative of ginkgolide B and has previously been proven to exert neuroprotective effects on ischemic injury. However, it is not clear whether XQ‐1H affects the cell survival and proliferation in oxygen–glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) damaged PC12 cells. Our results showed that OGD/R improved cell viability after 24 hr of posttreatment with XQ‐1H (10 or 5 μM), inhibiting cell injury and apoptosis by upregulating the expression of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor, nerve growth factor, and antiapoptotic B‐cell lymphoma‐extra large, while reducing proapoptotic cleaved caspase‐3 protein. By introducing the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling inhibitor XAV‐939 and 5‐bromo‐2′‐deoxyuridine staining, it was proved that XQ‐1H promoted the proliferation of PC12 cells in a Wnt‐signal‐dependent manner via inhibiting the activation of glycogen synthase kinase‐3β after phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase/protein kinase B signal activation, thereby activating Wnt1, β‐catenin, and the expression of downstream neurogenic differentiation 1 and cyclin D1, which was comparable to Wnt/β‐catenin signaling agonist 4,6‐disubstituted pyrrolopyrimidine. We conclude that XQ‐1H, after OGD/R damage to PC12 cells, may limit cell apoptosis in a Wnt/β‐catenin signal‐dependent manner, promoting cell proliferation and survival.
A neonate with intrauterine growth restriction and pseudo‐Bartter syndrome due to severe maternal eating disorder: A case report
Authors: Babatseva Evgeniya , Chatziioannidis Ilias , Tagaraki Alexia ‐ Angeliki , Tramma Despoina , Dampala Kalliopi , Chatzitoliou Efthymia , Papacharalambous Efthymia , Mitsiakos Georgios , Tsakalidis Christos , Karagianni Paraskevi , Lithoxopoulou Maria , Anastasiadis Kleanthis , Soubasi Vasiliki 
Published: August 2020

AbstractMaternal diet before and during pregnancy plays an important role for the developing fetus. Any eating disorder in this period can cause transient or/and permanent negative effects on the mother and her offspring.
A Barrel‐Shaped Metal–Organic Blue‐Box Analogue with Photo‐/Redox‐Switchable Behavior
Authors: Brunet Gabriel , Suturina Elizaveta A. , George Guillaume P. C. , Ovens Jeffrey S. , Richardson Paul , Bucher Christophe , Murugesu Muralee 
Published: August 2020

AbstractDonor–acceptor interactions are ubiquitous in the design and understanding of host–guest complexes. Despite their non‐covalent nature, they can readily dictate the self‐assembly of complex architectures. Here, a photo‐/redox‐switchable metal–organic nanocapsule is presented, which was assembled by using lanthanide ions and viologen building blocks, by relying on such donor–acceptor interactions. The potential of this unique barrel‐shaped structure is highlighted for the encapsulation of suitable electron donors, akin to the well‐investigated “blue‐box” macrocycles. The light‐triggered reduction of the viologen units has been investigated by single‐crystal‐to‐single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction experiments, complemented by magnetic, optical, and solid‐state electrochemical characterizations. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were employed to suggest the most likely electron donor in the light‐triggered reduction of the viologen‐based ligand.
Control of Axial Chirality by Planar Chirality Based on Optically Active [2.2]Paracyclophane
Authors: Namba Genki , Mimura Yuki , Imai Yoshitane , Inoue Ryo , Morisaki Yasuhiro 
Published: August 2020

AbstractOptically active X‐shaped molecules based on the planar chiral [2.2]paracyclophane building block were prepared, in which di(methoxy)terphenyl units were stacked on the central benzene rings. At 25 °C, anisolyl rings freely rotate in solution, while in the crystal form, they are fixed by intramolecular CH–π interactions, thereby leading to the expression of the axial chirality, i.e., propeller chirality was exhibited by the planar chiral [2.2]paracyclophane moiety. The X‐shaped molecule exhibited good circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) profiles with moderate ΦPL and a large glum value in the order of 10−3 at 25 °C, in solution. In contrast, at −120 °C, dual CPL emission with opposite signs was observed. According to the theoretical studies, the rotary motion of the anisolyl units is suppressed in the excited states, and so emission from two isomers could be observed. These results demonstrate that the axial chirality was controlled by the planar chirality, leading ultimately to propeller chirality.
Chiral Catalysts for Pd0‐Catalyzed Enantioselective C−H Activation
Authors: Vyhivskyi Oleksandr , Kudashev Anton , Miyakoshi Takeru , Baudoin Olivier 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn the past few decades, processes that involve transition‐metal catalysis have represented a major part of the synthetic chemist′s toolbox. Recently, the interest has shifted from the well‐established cross‐coupling reactions to C−H bond functionalization, thus making it a current frontier of transition‐metal‐catalyzed reactions. Constant progress in this field has led to the discovery of enantioselective methods to generate and control various types of stereogenic elements, thereby demonstrating its high value to generate scalemic chiral molecules. The present review is dedicated to enantioselective Pd0‐catalyzed C−H activation, which may be considered as an evolution of Pd0‐catalyzed cross‐couplings, with a focus on the different chiral ligands and catalysts that enable these transformations.
Influence of seasons on the management and outcomes acute myocardial infarction: An 18‐year US study
Authors: Vallabhajosyula Saraschandra , Patlolla Sri Harsha , Cheungpasitporn Wisit , Holmes David R. , Gersh Bernard J. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundThere are limited data on the seasonal variation in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in the contemporary literature.HypothesisThere would be decrease in the seasonal variation in the management and outcomes of AMI.MethodsAdult (>18 years) AMI admissions were identified using the National Inpatient Sample (2000‐2017). Seasons were classified as spring, summer, fall, and winter. Outcomes of interest included prevalence, in‐hospital mortality, use of coronary angiography, and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Subgroup analyses for type of AMI and patient characteristics were performed.ResultsOf the 10 880 856 AMI admissions, 24.3%, 22.9%, 22.2%, and 24.2% were admitted in spring, summer, fall, and winter, respectively. The four cohorts had comparable age, sex, race, and comorbidities distribution. Rates of coronary angiography and PCI were slightly but significantly lower in winter (62.6% and 40.7%) in comparison to the other seasons (64‐65% and 42‐43%, respectively) (P < .001). Compared to spring, winter admissions had higher in‐hospital mortality (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.07; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.06‐1.08), whereas summer (aOR 0.97; 95% CI 0.96‐0.98) and fall (aOR 0.98; 95% CI 0.97‐0.99) had slightly lower in‐hospital mortality (P < .001). ST‐segment elevation (10.0% vs 9.1%; aOR 1.07; 95% CI 1.06‐1.08) and non‐ST‐segment elevation (4.7% vs 4.2%; aOR 1.07; 95% CI 1.06‐1.09) AMI admissions in winter had higher in‐hospital mortality compared to spring (P < .001). The primary results were consistent when stratified by age, sex, race, geographic region, and admission year.ConclusionsCompared to other seasons, winter admission was associated with higher in‐hospital mortality in AMI in the United States.
Circularly Polarized Absorption and Luminescence of Semiconductor Eu‐OCN Nanocrystals in the Blue Region of the Electromagnetic Spectrum
Authors: Hasegawa Yasuchika , Koide Katsumasa , Tsurui Makoto , Kitagawa Yuichi , Nakanishi Takayuki , Doi Yoshihiro , Hinatsu Yukio , Fushimi Koji 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSemiconductor nanomaterials with efficient polarized‐light control in the blue region of the visible spectrum are promising candidates for modern and future photo‐information technology, display devices, and optical sensing applications. New‐type semiconductor Eu(OCN)2 nanocrystals with circularly polarized absorption (CD: circular dichroism) and emission (CPL: circularly polarized luminescence) under an applied magnetic field are demonstrated here for the first time. The effective CD signal at 1.6 T was observed at approximately 440 nm. The dissymmetry factor of CPL under 100 K, gM‐CPL, was estimated to be 0.01. These characteristic circularly polarized absorption and emission phenomena of Eu(OCN)2 nanocrystals should be caused by combination between the “Faraday A and C terms” of the magnetic moment in the excited state. Polarized‐light control using Eu(OCN)2 nanocrystals in the blue‐light region of the electromagnetic spectrum is a large first step into a new world of photo‐functional semiconductor nanomaterials.
Diverse Particle Carriers Prepared by Co‐Precipitation and Phase Separation: Formation and Applications
Authors: Sun Zhu , Wu Baiheng , Ren Yixin , Wang Zhongzhen , Zhao Chun‐Xia , Hai Mingtan , Weitz David A. , Chen Dong 
Published: August 2020

AbstractNanoparticles with diverse structures and unique properties have attracted increasing attention for their widespread applications. Co‐precipitation under rapid mixing is an effective method to obtained biocompatible nanoparticles and diverse particle carriers are achieved by controlled phase separation via interfacial tensions. In this Minireview, we summarize the underlying mechanism of co‐precipitation and show that rapid mixing is important to ensure co‐precipitation. In the binary polymer system, the particles can form four different morphologies, including occluded particle, core‐shell capsule, dimer particle, and heteroaggregate, and we demonstrate that the final morphology could be controlled by surface tensions through surfactant, polymer composition, molecular weight, and temperature. The applications of occluded particles, core‐shell capsules and dimer particles prepared by co‐precipitation or microfluidics upon the regulation of interfacial tensions are discussed in detail, and show great potential in the areas of functional materials, colloidal surfactants, drug delivery, nanomedicine, bio‐imaging, displays, and cargo encapsulation.
Using mobile eye‐tracking technology to examine adolescent daughters’ attention to maternal affect during a conflict discussion
Authors: Woody Mary L. , Price Rebecca B. , Amole Marlissa , Hutchinson Emily , Benoit Allen Kristy , Silk Jennifer S. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAttention to socio‐emotional stimuli (i.e., affect‐biased attention) is an integral component of emotion regulation and human communication. Given the strong link between maternal affect and adolescent behavior, maternal affect may be a critical influence on adolescent affect‐biased attention during mother‐child interaction. However, prior methodological constraints have precluded fine‐grained examinations of factors such as maternal affect on adolescent attention during real‐world social interaction. Therefore, this pilot study capitalized on previously validated technological advances by using mobile eye‐tracking and facial affect coding software to quantify the influence of maternal affect on adolescents’ attention to the mother during a conflict discussion. Results from 7,500 to 9,000 time points sampled for each mother‐daughter dyad (n = 28) indicated that both negative and positive maternal affect, relative to neutral, elicited more adolescent attentional avoidance of the mother (ORs = 2.68–9.20), suggesting that typically developing adolescents may seek to avoid focusing on maternal affect of either valence during a conflict discussion. By examining the moment‐to‐moment association between in vivo displays of maternal affect and subsequent adolescent attention toward the mother's face, these results provide preliminary evidence that maternal affect moderates adolescent attention. Our findings are consistent with cross‐species approach‐avoidance models suggesting that offspring respond to affectively charged conversations with greater behavioral avoidance or deference.
Epithelial morphogenesis in the perinatal mouse uterus
Authors: Vue Zer , Behringer Richard R. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe uterus is the location where multiple events occur that are required for the start of new life in mammals. The adult uterus contains endometrial or uterine glands that are essential for female fertility. In the mouse, uterine glands are located in the lateral and antimesometrial regions of the uterine horn. Previous three‐dimensional (3D)‐imaging of the adult uterus, its glands, and implanting embryos has been performed by multiple groups, using fluorescent microscopy. Adenogenesis, the formation of uterine glands, initiates after birth. Recently, we created a 3D‐staging system of mouse uterine gland development at postnatal time points, using light sheet fluorescent microscopy. Here, using a similar approach, we examine the morphological changes in the epithelium of the perinatal mouse uterus.ResultsThe uterine epithelium exhibits dorsoventral (mesometrial‐antimesometrial) patterning as early as 3 days after birth (P3), marked by the presence of the dorsally positioned developing uterine rail. Uterine gland buds are present beginning at P4. Novel morphological epithelial structures, including a ventral ridge and uterine segments were identified.ConclusionsThe perinatal mouse uterine luminal epithelium develops dorsal‐ventral morphologies at 3 to 4 days postpartum. Between 5 and 6 days postpartum uterine epithelial folds form, defining alternating left‐right segments.
Higher host plant specialization of root‐associated endophytes than mycorrhizal fungi along an arctic elevational gradient
Authors: Abrego Nerea , Huotari Tea , Tack Ayco J. M. , Lindahl Björn D. , Tikhonov Gleb , Somervuo Panu , Martin Schmidt Niels , Ovaskainen Otso , Roslin Tomas 
Published: August 2020

AbstractHow community‐level specialization differs among groups of organisms, and changes along environmental gradients, is fundamental to understanding the mechanisms influencing ecological communities. In this paper, we investigate the specialization of root‐associated fungi for plant species, asking whether the level of specialization varies with elevation. For this, we applied DNA barcoding based on the ITS region to root samples of five plant species equivalently sampled along an elevational gradient at a high arctic site. To assess whether the level of specialization changed with elevation and whether the observed patterns varied between mycorrhizal and endophytic fungi, we applied a joint species distribution modeling approach. Our results show that host plant specialization is not environmentally constrained in arctic root‐associated fungal communities, since there was no evidence for changing specialization with elevation, even if the composition of root‐associated fungal communities changed substantially. However, the level of specialization for particular plant species differed among fungal groups, root‐associated endophytic fungal communities being highly specialized on particular host species, and mycorrhizal fungi showing almost no signs of specialization. Our results suggest that plant identity affects associated mycorrhizal and endophytic fungi differently, highlighting the need of considering both endophytic and mycorrhizal fungi when studying specialization in root‐associated fungal communities.
DNA barcode assessment and population structure of aphidophagous hoverfly Sphaerophoria scripta: Implications for conservation biological control
Authors: Gojković Nemanja , Francuski Ljubinka , Ludoški Jasmina , Milankov Vesna 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWith the advent of integrated pest management, the conservation of indigenous populations of natural enemies of pest species has become a relevant practice, necessitating the accurate identification of beneficial species and the inspection of evolutionary mechanisms affecting the long‐time persistence of their populations. The long hoverfly, Sphaerophoria scripta, represents one of the most potent aphidophagous control agents due to a worldwide distribution and a favorable constellation of biological traits. Therefore, we assessed five European S. scripta populations by combining molecular (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I‐ COI, internal transcribed spacer 2‐ ITS2, and allozyme loci) and morphological (wing size and shape) characters. COI sequences retrieved in this study were conjointly analyzed with BOLD/GenBank sequences of the other Sphaerophoria species to evaluate whether COI possessed a sufficient diagnostic value as a DNA barcode marker to consistently delimit allospecific individuals. Additionally, the aforementioned characters were used to inspect the population structure of S. scripta in Europe using methods based on individual‐ and population‐based genetic differences, as well as geometric morphometrics of wing traits. The results indicate numerous shared COI haplotypes among different Sphaerophoria species, thus disqualifying this marker from being an adequate barcoding region in this genus. Conversely, the analyses of population structuring revealed high population connectivity across Europe, therefore indicating strong tolerance of S. scripta to environmental heterogeneity. The results imply a multilocus approach as the next step in molecular identification of different Sphaerophoria species, while confirming the status of S. scripta as a powerful biocontrol agent of economically relevant aphid pests.