bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Build-UPS and break-downs: metabolism impacts on proteostasis and aging
Authors: Ottens Franziska , Franz André , Hoppe Thorsten 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPerturbation of metabolism elicits cellular stress which profoundly modulates the cellular proteome and thus protein homeostasis (proteostasis). Consequently, changes in the cellular proteome due to metabolic shift require adaptive mechanisms by molecular protein quality control. The mechanisms vitally controlling proteostasis embrace the entire life cycle of a protein involving translational control at the ribosome, chaperone-assisted native folding, and subcellular sorting as well as proteolysis by the proteasome or autophagy. While metabolic imbalance and proteostasis decline have been recognized as hallmarks of aging and age-associated diseases, both processes are largely considered independently. Here, we delineate how proteome stability is governed by insulin/IGF1 signaling (IIS), mechanistic target of Rapamycin (TOR), 5′ adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and NAD-dependent deacetylases (Sir2-like proteins known as sirtuins). This comprehensive overview is emphasizing the regulatory interconnection between central metabolic pathways and proteostasis, indicating the relevance of shared signaling nodes as targets for future therapeutic interventions.
Loss of ferroportin induces memory impairment by promoting ferroptosis in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Bao Wen-Dai , Pang Pei , Zhou Xiao-Ting , Hu Fan , Xiong Wan , Chen Kai , Wang Jing , Wang Fudi , Xie Dong , Hu Ya-Zhuo , Han Zhi-Tao , Zhang Hong-Hong , Wang Wang-Xia , Nelson Peter T. , Chen Jian-Guo , Lu Youming , Man Heng-Ye , Liu Dan , Zhu Ling-Qiang 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIron homeostasis disturbance has been implicated in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and excess iron exacerbates oxidative damage and cognitive defects. Ferroptosis is a nonapoptotic form of cell death dependent upon intracellular iron. However, the involvement of ferroptosis in the pathogenesis of AD remains elusive. Here, we report that ferroportin1 (Fpn), the only identified mammalian nonheme iron exporter, was downregulated in the brains of APPswe/PS1dE9 mice as an Alzheimer’s mouse model and Alzheimer’s patients. Genetic deletion of Fpn in principal neurons of the neocortex and hippocampus by breeding Fpnfl/fl mice with NEX-Cre mice led to AD-like hippocampal atrophy and memory deficits. Interestingly, the canonical morphological and molecular characteristics of ferroptosis were observed in both Fpnfl/fl/NEXcre and AD mice. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) of ferroptosis-related RNA-seq data showed that the differentially expressed genes were highly enriched in gene sets associated with AD. Furthermore, administration of specific inhibitors of ferroptosis effectively reduced the neuronal death and memory impairments induced by Aβ aggregation in vitro and in vivo. In addition, restoring Fpn ameliorated ferroptosis and memory impairment in APPswe/PS1dE9 mice. Our study demonstrates the critical role of Fpn and ferroptosis in the progression of AD, thus provides promising therapeutic approaches for this disease.
Interdependence of metals and its binding proteins in Parkinson’s disease for diagnosis
Authors: Anirudhan Athira , Prabu Paramasivam , Sanyal Jaya , Banerjee Tapas Kumar , Guha Gautam , Murugesan Ram , Ahmed Shiek S. S. J. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractMetalloproteins utilizes cellular metals which plays a crucial function in brain that linked with neurodegenerative disorders. Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that affects geriatric population world-wide. Twenty-four metal-binding protein networks were investigated to identify key regulating protein hubs in PD blood and brain. Amongst, aluminum, calcium, copper, iron, and magnesium protein hubs are the key regulators showing the ability to classify PD from control based on thirty-four classification algorithms. Analysis of these five metal proteins hubs showed involvement in environmental information processing, immune, neuronal, endocrine, aging, and signal transduction pathways. Furthermore, gene expression of functional protein in each hub showed significant upregulation of EFEMP2, MMP9, B2M, MEAF2A, and TARDBP in PD. Dysregulating hub proteins imprint the metal availability in a biological system. Hence, metal concentration in serum and cerebrospinal fluid were tested, which were altered and showed significant contribution towards gene expression of metal hub proteins along with the previously reported PD markers. In conclusion, analyzing the levels of serum metals along with the gene expression in PD opens up an ideal and feasible diagnostic intervention for PD. Hence, this will be a cost effective and rapid method for the detection of Parkinson’s disease.
Shaping and silane coating of a diamine-grafted metal-organic framework for improved CO2 capture
Authors: Choe Jong Hyeak , Park Jeoung Ryul , Chae Yun Seok , Kim Dae Won , Choi Doo San , Kim Hyojin , Kang Minjung , Seo Hwimin , Park Yong-Ki , Hong Chang Seop 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAlthough metal-organic framework (MOF) powders can be successfully shaped by conventional methods, postsynthetic functionalization of the shaped MOFs remains almost unexplored, yet is required to overcome intrinsic limitations, such as CO2 adsorption capacity and stability. Here, we present a scalable synthesis method for Mg2(dobpdc) MOF and its shaped beads, which are obtained by using a spray dry method after mixing Mg2(dobpdc) powders with alumina sol. The synthesized MOF/Al beads have micron-sized diameters with a moderate particle size distribution of 30–70 μm. They also maintain a high mechanical strength. N-ethylethylenediamine (een) functionalization and coating with long alkyl chain silanes results in een-MOF/Al-Si, which exhibits a significant working capacity of >11 wt% CO2 capture and high hydrophobicity. The een-MOF/Al-Si microbeads retain their crystallinity and improved CO2 uptake upon exposure to humid conditions for three days at a desorption temperature of 140 °C.
Construction of a CsPbBr3 modified porous g-C3N4 photocatalyst for effective reduction of CO2 and mechanism exploration
Authors: Wang Yunqi , Liu Zhixiang , Tang Xu , Huo Pengwei , Zhu Zhi , Yang Boting , Liu Zhi 
Published: January 2021

A P-CN/CsPbBr3 photocatalyst with a lamellar porous structure was prepared by a high temperature calcination and freeze drying method, and it exhibited superior CO2 reduction performance under the conditions of full spectrum irradiation.
Early results on deep unfolded conjugate gradient‐based large‐scale MIMO detection
Authors: Ahmed Ouameur Messaoud , Massicotte Daniel 
Published: January 2021

AbstractDeep learning (DL) is attracting considerable attention in the design of communication systems. This paper derives a deep unfolded conjugate gradient (CG) architecture for large‐scale multiple‐input multiple‐output detection. The proposed technique combines the advantages of a model‐driven approach in readily incorporating domain knowledge and deep learning in effective parameters learning. The parameters are trained via backpropagation over a data flow graph inspired from the iterative conjugate gradient method. We derive the closed‐form expressions for the gradients for parameters training and discuss early results on the performance in a statistically identical and independent distributed channel where the training overhead is considerably low. It is worth noting that the loss function is based on the residual error that is not an explicit function of the desired signal, which makes the proposed algorithm blind. As an initial framework, we will point to the inherent issues and future directions.
Authoritarian clientelism: the case of the president’s ‘creatures’ in Cameroon
Authors: Mişcoiu Sergiu , Kakdeu Louis-Marie 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWithin this article, we aim at exploring the topic of clientelism in Cameroon as a species of a wider phenomenon affecting Central and Western Francophone Africa. Our argument is that, in spite of the repeated efforts of reinforcing the local power structures, we have witnessed a process of centralisation of clientelism: the new networks are shaped around the ‘Creatures’, who are the President Paul Biya’s formal or informal appointees and play the role of nodal elements relying the rest of the chain to the central command. This happened on the expenses of the locally dispersed and more autonomous clientelistic groups that were either included in or smashed by the pyramidal Creatures’ structured. In order to test our assumption, we analysed a specific body of literature on the theorization of clientelism and on its African and Cameroonian specificity and organized four focus groups with the actual and former members of the clientelistic chains at different levels (central, regional and local). If our main presupposition proved to be generally correct, one of the sub-arguments was only partially validated through this empirical component of our research.
Use of bursts of 1.54-μm microsecond laser pulses for cataract destruction
Authors: Belikov A.V. , Smirnov S.N. , Kopaev S.Yu. , Nemsitsveridze M.N. , Batov Yu.N. , Gubin A.B. , Pirozhkov Yu.B. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The possibility of using bursts of microsecond pulses of an Yb,Er : glass laser (λ = 1.54 μm) for cataract destruction was investigated experimentally in vitro for the first time. The energy in a laser pulse was limited from below by the eye lens destruction threshold and from above by the radiation resistance of the input end face of the radiation-supplying fibre. The energy of a burst consisting of three microsecond laser pulses, separated by time intervals of 850 μs, was 255 ± 15 mJ, and the burst repetition rate was 15 Hz. The hydroacoustic signal, generated after each burst pulse in the water around the lens, contained two components. The first occurred immediately after the laser pulse transmission, and the second was delayed by 250 to 350 μs. The amplitude of the second component of the hydroacoustic signal exceeded the amplitude of the first component and was maximum (50.0 ± 8.0 MPa) for the signal induced by the second pulse in the burst. The efficiency of cataract destruction by microsecond-pulse bursts generated by an Yb,Er : glass laser was found to depend on the lens nucleus density, to exceed significantly the efficiency of cataract destruction by single microsecond pulses of this laser, and to be comparable with the efficiency of eye lens destruction by a 1.44-μm Nd : YAG laser.
In vivo non-invasive determination of the water concentration and water bonding properties in the human stratum corneum using confocal Raman microspectroscopy (mini-review)
Authors: Darvin M.E. , Choe C.S. , Schleusener J. , Lademann J. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWater plays an important role for normal functioning of the skin. The stratum corneum (SC) – the outermost layer of the epidermis – maintains the skin barrier function and regulates the water balance in the organism. Water is non-homogeneously distributed in the SC and its correct determination is important in dermatology and cosmetology. Confocal Raman microspectroscopy (CRM) is the most suitable non-invasive method to determine depth profiles of the water concentration, water with different mobility and hydrogen bonding states of water molecules in human skinin vivo, i.e. to study the SC hydration and moisturising. Anin vivoapplication of CRM on normal human skin for investigation of the water concentration and water bonding properties in the SC is reviewed in this paper. Investigations performed on volunteers of two age groups reveal changes, which show that the SC of older skin binds water more efficiently compared to younger skin.
The decline of mammal functional and evolutionary diversity worldwide
Authors: Brodie Jedediah F. , Williams Sara , Garner Brittany 
Published: January 2021

SignificanceThe ongoing loss of species around the world is reducing the diversity of ecological roles played by organisms in natural communities, as well as the number of evolutionary lineages that live there. We have limited knowledge about which anthropogenic threats have the strongest influence on functional and evolutionary diversity, and about whether declines in these facets of biodiversity are faster or slower than the corresponding declines in species numbers. Here we show that harvest and habitat loss in the most biodiverse parts of the world disproportionately affect mammal species that have unique roles in their ecosystems. Enhanced conservation, focused particularly on harvest sustainability, is critically needed to avoid deterioration of ecosystem function and impoverishment of our biodiversity heritage.
Induced transparency by interference or polarization
Authors: Wang Changqing , Jiang Xuefeng , Sweeney William R. , Hsu Chia Wei , Liu Yiming , Zhao Guangming , Peng Bo , Zhang Mengzhen , Jiang Liang , Stone A. Douglas , Yang Lan 
Published: January 2021

Significance
Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) describes the phenomenon that an opaque optical medium becomes transparent due to interference effects. EIT plays a pivotal role in engineering slow light and quantum memory. However, polarization effects could cause similar phenomena and therefore were considered as EIT occasionally. We investigate the polarization effects on EIT in optical resonators and discover a polarization-induced transparency (PIT) phenomenon that the system is transparent in one direction but opaque in the other. PIT results from the polarization effects rather than wave interference and thus fundamentally differs from EIT. This study resolves the confusion between EIT and polarization effects, which is crucial for optical memory design and paves the way to additional techniques for controlling wave propagation.
Observation of liquid glass in suspensions of ellipsoidal colloids
Authors: Roller Jörg , Laganapan Aleena , Meijer Janne-Mieke , Fuchs Matthias , Zumbusch Andreas 
Published: January 2021

Significance
Using tailor-made colloids and confocal microscopy, we study the effect of shape on the glass transition in 3D suspensions of ellipsoidal colloids. Experimental data, supporting simulations, and a theoretical analysis reveal a unique state: liquid glass. In liquid glasses, orientational degrees of freedom are frozen whereas translation is free. Global nematic order is absent. We show that, in the liquid glass state, nematic precursors as hitherto unknown structures exist. In these, nematic order is suppressed by the intersection of clusters of ordered particles with differently ordered particles. Our data thus give insight into the glass transition and reveal an additional state of matter. The latter is expected to also have implications in liquid crystal formation.
The neuromuscular, physiological, endocrine and perceptual responses to different training session orders in international female netball players
Authors: Birdsey Laurence P. , Weston Matthew , Russell Mark , Johnston Michael , Cook Christian J. , Kilduff Liam P. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe 20 h responses of International female netball players to training days requiring two sessions (netball and strength, separated by two hours) ordered alternatively were examined. Eleven players completed strength followed by netball training two hours later (STR‐NET), with the order reversed (NET‐STR) on a separate day. Well‐being, neuromuscular performance (jump height [JH], peak power output [PPO], peak velocity [PV]) and endocrine function (testosterone, cortisol concentrations) were measured before sessions one (PreS1) and two (PreS2), immediately after sessions one (IPS1) and two (IPS2), and 20 h post session one (20P). Session and differential ratings of perceived exertion (upper‐body, cognitive/technical [RPE‐T], lower‐body, breathlessness) were collected, and accelerometry and heart rate measured netball load. Identification of clear between‐order differences was based on the nonoverlap of the 95% confidence interval (95%CI) for mean differences relative to baseline. Compared to PreS1, greater increases in JH (percentage difference between trials; 95%CI: 9%; 4–14%), PPO (5%; 2–8%), PV (3%; 1–5%) and cortisol concentration (45%; 1–88%), and a greater decrease for testosterone/cortisol ratio (−35%; −72 to −2%) occurred at PreS2 in NET‐STR. At 20P, greater decreases in JH (10%; 5–15%), PPO (4%; 1–8%) and PV (4%; 2–6%) were observed following STR‐NET. No differences existed for well‐being, whilst RPE‐T was greater (15 AU; 3–26 AU) for strength training during NET‐STR. Session order influenced neuromuscular and endocrine responses in International female netball players, highlighting session ordering as a key consideration when planning training.
In‐play optimal cooling for outdoor match‐play tennis in the heat
Authors: Naito Takashi , Nakamura Mariko , Muraishi Koji , Eda Nobuhiko , Ando Karina , Takemura Ai , Akazawa Nobuhiko , Hasegawa Hiroshi , Takahashi Hideyuki 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of four cooling interventions used for reducing physiological and perceptual strain and improving exercise performance during outdoor match‐play tennis in the heat. Eight competitive tennis players played four counter‐balanced simulated outdoor matches in the heat (WBGT: 28.4–32.5°C) at 24‐ or 48‐h intervals. Each match comprised 3 sets for which the “no‐ad” rule was applied to limit duration variability. Players underwent the following cooling interventions: ad libitum fluid ingestion (CON), ad libitum fluid ingestion and ice vest (VEST), total ingestion of approximately 1000 g ice slurry and ice vest (Combined: BINE), or total ingestion of approximately 400 g ice slurry and ice vest (Low‐combined: L‐BINE). Gastrointestinal temperature was lower in the BINE and the L‐BINE trials than in the CON trial at the set‐break of set 1, and these differences in gastrointestinal temperature persisted throughout the remainder of the match (p < 0.05). The ratio of moderate‐high intensity activity (≥10 km/h) in set 3 was significantly higher in the L‐BINE trial than that in the BINE trial (p < 0.05). In the CON and BINE trials, high intensity activity was significantly lower in set 3 compared with set 1 and 2, respectively. Cooling by optimal ice slurry ingestion and ice vest may be a more effective strategy in mitigating the development of heat strain during outdoor match‐play tennis in the heat.Highlights
Cooling by optimal ice slurry ingestion and ice vest may be a more effective strategy in mitigating the development of heat strain during outdoor match‐play tennis in the heat.
Ingesting of large amounts ice slurry may be caused the bloating and stomach discomfort, in turn declined in the ratio of moderate‐high intensity activity in the second half of match‐play tennis in hot outdoor environments.
Future studies should not only utilize match characteristics, but also measure on‐court tennis specific performance.
Strain-engineered photoelectric conversion properties of lateral monolayer WS2/WSe2 heterojunctions
Authors: Zhao Yipeng , Tan Shilin , Ouyang Gang 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In order to explore the strain engineering for the electronic and optoelectronic properties of lateral monolayer heterojunctions, we develop a modified detailed balance method to search for the optimized power conversion efficiency (PCE) based on atomic-bond-relaxation mechanism. We find that the interface band alignment occurs a type II to type I transition at 7.8% tensile strain, and the optimized PCE of WS2/WSe2 lateral heterojunction can be up to ∼4.41%. Our method provides a vital guidance for the design of high-quality solar cell devices composed of a lateral two-dimensional heterostructure.
Detailed study on effects of gate voltage, frequency and temperature on dielectric properties of Cu/PAr/n-CdS/SnO2 MIS Schottky diode
Authors: Kuruoğlu Furkan , Çalışkan Murat , Yıldırım Saffettin , Serin Merih 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In this paper, CdS based metal–insulator–semiconductor (MIS) diode was fabricated by using the Polyarylate (PAr) film as insulator dielectric on transparent conductive glass substrate. The dielectric parameters such as dielectric constant (

ϵ

′

), loss (ϵ), loss tangent (tan δ), ac conduc-tivity (σ

AC
) and complex modulus (

M

′

,

M

′
′

) of the MIS Schottky diode were examined as a function of signal frequency, gate voltage and temperature. The detailed analysis revealed the interface states at the CdS/PAr junction and the characteristics of these interface states in the examined frequency range. The value of the angular frequency exponent (S) and the corres-ponding temperature dependence of σ

ac
indicate the hopping mechanism which agrees with the CBH model. The barrier height between the neighbouring states is determined as 47 meV for the temperature range studied. The temperature dependence of ΔV

FB
verifies the thermally active behaviour of interface states which decrease from 117 to 41 meV with increasing temperature.
Flexible and tunable microwave absorption structures using carbonyl iron@polydimethylsiloxane pillar arrays
Authors: Hu Lei , Luo Wei , Qin Faxiang , Xv Wentao , Hu Xin , Zhang Jian , Zhang Xuefeng 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Flexible absorbers with artificially engineered micro-structures are promising microwave-shielding materials for use with flexible electronic devices. However, deformation of such flexible absorbers has a great impact on their microwave absorption properties, and this requires more intensive research. Herein, flexible absorbers comprising periodically arrayed polydimethylsiloxane pillars mixed with carbonyl iron particles (CIPs) were fabricated via a template-casting method and deformed by vertically applied forces. As the bending angles of the pillars increased from 0° to 70° the frequencies of the absorption peaks exhibited a linear redshift from 11.69 to 10.53 GHz. The shifting rates were −0.00543, −0.00235 and −0.00681 GHz per degree for the 2 mm period arrays and −0.00432, −0.00324 and −0.00412 GHz per degree for the 3 mm period arrays, when the CIP mass ratios were 40%, 50% and 60%, respectively. The shift of the peaks results from the increased imaginary part of permeability and permittivity when the pillars bend, giving rise to an increase in the propagation constant in the effective medium and enhancement of the first-order Fabry–Perot resonance. The results demonstrate a simple and feasible pathway for manipulating microwave absorption dynamically through deformation.