bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structural differences between REM and non-REM dream reports assessed by graph analysis
Authors: Martin Joshua M. , Wainstein Danyal , Mota Natalia B. , Mota-Rolim Sergio A. , Araújo John Fontenele , Solms Mark , Ribeiro Sidarta 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDream reports collected after rapid eye movement sleep (REM) awakenings are, on average, longer, more vivid, bizarre, emotional and story-like compared to those collected after non-REM. However, a comparison of the word-to-word structural organization of dream reports is lacking, and traditional measures that distinguish REM and non-REM dreaming may be confounded by report length. This problem is amenable to the analysis of dream reports as non-semantic directed word graphs, which provide a structural assessment of oral reports, while controlling for individual differences in verbosity. Against this background, the present study had two main aims: Firstly, to investigate differences in graph structure between REM and non-REM dream reports, and secondly, to evaluate how non-semantic directed word graph analysis compares to the widely used measure of report length in dream analysis. To do this, we analyzed a set of 125 dream reports obtained from 19 participants in controlled laboratory awakenings from REM and N2 sleep. We found that: (1) graphs from REM sleep possess a larger connectedness compared to those from N2; (2) measures of graph structure can predict ratings of dream complexity, where increases in connectedness and decreases in randomness are observed in relation to increasing dream report complexity; and (3) measures of the Largest Connected Component of a graph can improve a model containing report length in predicting sleep stage and dream complexity. These results indicate that dream reports sampled after REM awakening have on average a larger connectedness compared to those sampled after N2 (i.e. words recur with a longer range), a difference which appears to be related to underlying differences in dream complexity. Altogether, graph analysis represents a promising method for dream research, due to its automated nature and potential to complement report length in dream analysis.
Cortical morphology at birth reflects spatio-temporal patterns of gene expression in the fetal human brain
Authors: Ball G. , Seidlitz J. , O’Muircheartaigh J. , Dimitrova R. , Fenchel D. , Makropoulos A. , Christiaens D. , Schuh A. , Passerat-Palmbach J. , Hutter J. , Cordero-Grande L. , Hughes E. , Price A. , Hajnal J.V. , Rueckert D. , Robinson E.C. , Edwards A.D. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractInterruption to gestation through preterm birth can significantly impact cortical development and have long-lasting adverse effects on neurodevelopmental outcome. We compared cortical morphology captured by high-resolution, multimodal MRI in n=292 healthy newborn infants (mean age at birth=39.9 weeks) with regional patterns of gene expression in the fetal cortex across gestation (n=156 samples from 16 brains, aged 12 to 37 post-conceptional weeks). We tested the hypothesis that noninvasive measures of cortical structure at birth mirror areal differences in cortical gene expression across gestation, and in a cohort of n=64 preterm infants (mean age at birth = 32.0 weeks), we tested whether cortical alterations observed after preterm birth were associated with altered gene expression in specific developmental cell populations.Neonatal cortical structure was aligned to differential patterns of cell-specific gene expression in the fetal cortex. Principal component analysis of six measures of cortical morphology and microstructure showed that cortical regions were ordered along a principal axis, with primary cortex clearly separated from heteromodal cortex. This axis was correlated to estimated tissue maturity, indexed by differential expression of genes expressed by progenitor cells and neurons; and engaged in stem cell differentiation, neuron migration and forebrain development. Preterm birth was associated with altered regional MRI metrics and patterns of differential gene expression in glial cell populations.The spatial patterning of gene expression in the developing cortex was thus mirrored by regional variation in cortical morphology and microstructure at term, and this was disrupted by preterm birth. This work provides a framework to link molecular mechanisms to noninvasive measures of cortical development in early life and highlights novel pathways to injury in neonatal populations at increased risk of neurodevelopmental disorder.
Cheminformatics Analysis of Natural Product Scaffolds: Comparison of Scaffolds Produced by Animals, Plants, Fungi and Bacteria
Authors: Ertl Peter , Schuhmann Tim 
Published: January 2020

AbstractNatural products (NPs) have evolved over a very long natural selection process to form optimal interactions with biologically relevant macromolecules. NPs are therefore an extremely useful source of inspiration for the design of new drugs. In the present study we report the results of a cheminformatics analysis of a large database of NP structures focusing on their scaffolds. First, general differences between NP scaffolds and scaffolds from synthetic molecules are discussed, followed by a comparison of the properties of scaffolds produced by different types of organisms. Scaffolds produced by plants are the most complex and those produced by bacteria differ in many structural features from scaffolds produced by other organisms. The results presented here may be used as a guidance in selection of scaffolds for the design of novel NP-like bioactive structures or NP-inspired libraries.
Reliability Assessment of Tissue Classification Algorithms for Multi-Center and Multi-Scanner Data
Authors: Dadar Mahsa , Duchesne Simon ,   For the CCNA Group and the CIMA-Q Group
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundGray and white matter volume difference and change are important imaging markers of pathology and disease progression in neurology and psychiatry. Such measures are usually estimated from tissue segmentation maps produced by publicly available image processing pipelines. However, the reliability of the produced segmentations when using multi-center and multi-scanner data remains understudied. Here, we assess the robustness of six publicly available tissue classification pipelines across images acquired from different MR scanners and sites.MethodsWe used T1-weighted images of a single individual, scanned in 73 sessions across 27 different sites to assess the robustness of the tissue classification tools. Variability in Dice Kappa values and tissue volumes was assessed for Atropos, BISON, Classify_Clean, FAST, FreeSurfer, and SPM12. We also estimated the sample size necessary to detect a significant 1% volume reduction based on the variability of the estimates from each method within and across scanner models.ResultsBISON had the lowest overall variability in its volumetric estimates, followed by FreeSurfer, and SPM12. All methods also had significant differences between some of their estimates across different scanner manufacturers (e.g. BISON had significantly higher GM estimates and correspondingly lower WM estimates for GE scans compared to Philips and SIEMENs), and different signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) levels (e.g. FAST and FreeSurfer had significantly higher WM volume estimates for high versus medium and low SNR tertiles as well as correspondingly lower GM volume estimates). BISON also had the smallest sample size requirement across all scanners and tissue types, followed by FreeSurfer, and SPM12.ConclusionsOur comparisons provide a benchmark on the reliability of the publicly used tissue classification techniques and the amount of variability that can be expected when using large multi-center datasets and multi-scanner databases.
Melon ethylene-mediated transcriptome and methylome dynamics provide insights to volatile production
Authors: Feder Ari , Jiao Chen , Galpaz Navot , Vrebalov Julia , Xu Yimin , Portnoy Vitaly , Tzuri Galil , Gonda Itay , Burger Joseph , Gur Amit , Tadmor Yaakov , Schaffer Arthur A. , Lewinsohn Efraim , Katzir Nurit , Fei Zhangjun , Giovannoni James J. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDuring climacteric ripening large-scale transcriptional modifications are governed by ethylene. While ripening-related chromatin modifications are also known to occur, a direct connection between these factors has not been demonstrated. We characterized ethylene-mediated transcriptome modification, genome methylation dynamics, and their relation to organoleptic modifications during fruit ripening in the climacteric melon and an ethylene repressed line where the fruit-specificACC oxidase 1(ACO1) gene was targeted by antisense. TheACO1antisense line exhibited mainly reduced transcriptional repression of ripening-related genes associated with DNA CHH hypomethylation at the onset of ripening. Additionally, transcription of a small set of ethylene-induced genes, including known ripening-associated genes, was inhibited by ACO1 repression and this inhibition was associated with CG hypermethylation. In theACO1antisense line, the accumulation of aromatic compounds, which are mainly derived from the catabolism of amino acids, is known to be inhibited. One of the ethylene-mediated transcriptionally up-regulated genes,CmTHA1, encoding a threonine aldolase, exhibited differential cytosine methylation. Threonine aldolase catalyzes the conversion of L-threonine/L-allo threonine to glycine and acetaldehyde and thus is likely involved in threonine-dependent ethyl ester biosynthesis. Yeast mutant complementation and incubation of melon discs with labeled threonine verified CmTHA1 threonine aldolase activity, revealing an additional ethylene-dependent amino acid catabolism branch involved in climacteric melon ripening.
Cdc42 is required for lymphatic branching, maturation and valve formation during embryonic development
Authors: Jin Yixin , Wang Jian , Liu Yang , Wang Rui , Chen Hailin , Si Hongjiang , Srinivasan Sathish , Tharakan Binu , Zhang Shenyuang L. , Muthuchamy Mariappan , Zawieja David C. , Peng Xu 
Published: January 2020

AbstractCdc42, a Ras-related GTPase that regulates the actin cytoskeleton, was recently shown to play an indispensable role in vasculogenesis and endothelial cell (EC) survival. Here, we determined whether Cdc42 also contributes to lymphatic development by generated two different Cdc42 knockout mice lines by crossing Cdc42/flox mice with either vascular endothelial cadherin-Cre (Cdh5α-Cre) mice or Prox1-CreERT2mice. Our results demonstrated that depleting ECs of Cdc42 expression resulted in embryonic lethality with severe edema. Whole-mount immunofluorescence staining of both knockout embryos showed that the deletion of Cdc42 in ECs impaired lymphatic vessel branching and that the lymphatic lumen size significantly increased. Moreover, we found that the inactivation of Cdc42 compromised mesenteric collecting lymphatic vessel maturation and prevented valve formation. We go on to show that Cdc42 can be activated by vascular endothelial growth factor c (VEGFc) in cultured human dermal lymphatic ECs (HDLECs), and that knocking down Cdc42 expression in these cells using siRNA decreased VEGFc-induced focal adhesion kinase (FAK) phosphorylation. These findings, when taken together with the fact that inactivating FAK plus one allele of Cdc42 in ECs was sufficient to recapitulate the phenotypes of the Cdc42 EC knockout embryos, suggests that Cdc42 and FAK interact genetically during lymphatic development. In addition, Cdc42 and FAK regulated signal transduction is essential for blood and lymphatic vessel separation. Taken together, our data highlights the important role played by Cdc42 in the development of the lymphatic system.
Travelling with a parasite: the evolution of resistance and dispersal syndromes during experimental range expansion
Authors: Zilio Giacomo , Nørgaard Louise S. , Gougat-Barbera Claire , Hall Matthew D. , Fronhofer Emanuel A. , Kaltz Oliver 
Published: January 2020

AbstractRapid evolutionary change during range expansions can lead to diverging range core and front populations, with the emergence of dispersal syndromes (coupled responses in dispersal and life-history traits). Besides intraspecific effects, range expansions may be impacted by interspecific interactions such as parasitism. Yet, despite the potentially large impact of parasites imposing additional selective pressures on the host, their role on range expansions remains largely unexplored. Using microcosm populations of the ciliateParamecium caudatumand its bacterial parasiteHolospora undulata, we studied experimental range expansions under parasite presence or absence. We found that the interaction of range expansion and parasite treatments affected the evolution of host dispersal syndromes. Namely, front populations showed different associations of population growth parameters and swimming behaviours than core populations, indicating divergent evolution. Parasitism reshaped trait associations, with hosts evolved in the presence of the parasite exhibiting overall increased resistance and reduced dispersal. Nonetheless, when comparing infected range core and front populations, we found a positive association, suggesting joint evolution of resistance and dispersal at the front. We conclude that host-parasite interactions during range expansions can change evolutionary trajectories; this in turn may feed back on the ecological dynamics of the range expansion and parasite epidemics.
Pro-active warning system for the crossroads at construction sites based on computer vision
Authors: Zhu Dianchen , Wen Huiying , Deng Yichuan 
Published: January 2020

Purpose
To improve insufficient management by artificial management, especially for traffic accidents that occur at crossroads, the purpose of this paper is to develop a pro-active warning system for crossroads at construction sites. Although prior studies have made efforts to develop warning systems for construction sites, most of them paid attention to the construction process, while the accidents that occur at crossroads were probably overlooked.

Design/methodology/approach
By summarizing the main reasons resulting for those accidents occurring at crossroads, a pro-active warning system that could provide six functions for countermeasures was designed. Several approaches relating to computer vision and a prediction algorithm were applied and proposed to realize the setting functions.

Findings
One 12-hour video that films a crossroad at a construction site was selected as the original data. The test results show that all designed functions could operate normally, several predicted dangerous situations could be detected and corresponding proper warnings could be given. To validate the applicability of this system, another 36-hour video data were chosen for a performance test, and the findings indicate that all applied algorithms show a significant fitness of the data.

Originality/value
Computer vision algorithms have been widely used in previous studies to address video data or monitoring information; however, few of them have demonstrated the high applicability of identification and classification of the different participants at construction sites. In addition, none of these studies attempted to use a dynamic prediction algorithm to predict risky events, which could provide significant information for relevant active warnings.
Dyeability and antioxidant activity of artificial silk with Equisetum arvense L. extract
Authors: Park Jiyoung , Park Youngmi 
Published: January 2020

Purpose
Equisetum arvense L. (Equisetum) is a weed that is very difficult to remove because of its deep roots. The purpose of this paper is to examine the dyeability and antioxidant activity of Equisetum extracted from hot water.

Design/methodology/approach
Dry Equisetum was extracted at 100°C for 2 h, and its dyeability according to time, temperature and repetition cycle, and the mordant effect by skim milk powder were confirmed. The color change according to the K/S, fastness to rubbing, light, sweat and washing, UV protection rate and antioxidant activity were evaluated.

Findings
UV‒Vis spectroscopy showed that the Equisetum extract contained a flavonoid compound. The addition of Equisetum to artificial silk produced the greatest color difference when dyed at 60°C for 1 h, and the K/S value increased slightly after the pre-mordant treatment. In the fastness test, light and washing had no significant effect, but the fastness to rubbing was very good at Grades 4 and 5, and there was also a considerable improvement in the UV protection rate. The antioxidant activity of the extract was confirmed by an analysis of the radical scavenging ability through the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl 2-picryl-hydrazyl) and ABTS ([2,2’- azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothialzoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt]) tests.

Originality/value
These results revealed a new natural antioxidant-containing dyestuff, weed grass, which is easy to obtain, easy to use as a dyeing material and has excellent antioxidant activity in an extracted dye solution and dyeing fabric.
An investigation of Confucius Institute’s effects on China’s OFDI via cultural difference and institutional quality
Authors: Xu Chensheng , Yao Feng , Zhang Fan , Wang Yonghong 
Published: January 2020

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the influence of the Confucius Institute (CI) on outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) by China and its potential interaction with cultural difference and institutional quality in host countries.Design/methodology/approachIn the empirical study, the gravity model is adopted as the benchmark to investigate the effects of CI on China's OFDI using the ordinary least squares or Poisson Pseudo Maximum Likelihood estimators. Panel data on China's OFDI from 2004 to 2015 are used. Cultural difference and institutional quality are included explicitly as control variables to examine the effects of CI on China's OFDI.FindingsCI has a significant positive effect on China’s OFDI, and this effect depends on the cultural difference and institutional quality of the host country. The impact of CI on China’s OFDI is more prominent in host countries with a smaller cultural difference or lower institutional quality.Originality/valueCI is a comprehensive platform for foreign cultural exchange and signifies the rebirth of Confucianism in China. The present study shows that CI can stimulate the growth of China’s OFDI, with implications for other Asian countries influenced by Confucianism. Based on the results of the study, strategies for “Going Global” and encouraging economic growth based on cultural exchange and the recognition of host country heterogeneities are proposed.
Managing financial and economic risks associated with high-rise apartment building construction in Sri Lanka
Authors: Perera B.A.K.S. , Samarakkody Aravindi Lavanya , Nandasena Shyamani Ruwanthika 
Published: January 2020

Purpose
The financial and economic risks associated with high-rise building projects are many. They make project stakeholders to undergo financial difficulties. However, very few past studies have discussed the management of these risks. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to provide a guideline for the effective management of these financial and economic risks associated with high-rise apartment building projects in Sri Lanka.

Design/methodology/approach
The study adopted the mixed research approach. A literature review and semi-structured interviews were used to identify the financial/economic risk factors of high-rise apartment building projects and their risk response measures. The data obtained were used for a questionnaire survey, and the findings were analysed using the mean score method. They were validated using pattern matching. The risk response measures that were identified were ranked according to their effectiveness.

Findings
The findings revealed that “financial problems arising from errors in estimating” is the most significant financial and economic risk factor faced by the property developers involved in high-rise apartment building projects, while “poor contract management” is the most significant financial and economic risk factor faced by the contractors of these projects.

Originality/value
The study recommends a guideline to manage, using effective risk response measures, the financial and economic risk factors that are significant in high-rise apartment building projects.
Education strategy misfit, board effectiveness and Indonesian Islamic bank performance
Authors: Wijayanti Rahma , Diyanty Vera , Laela Sugiyarti Fatma 
Published: January 2020

Purpose
This study aims to provide empirical evidence on the contingency factors that affect the implementation of education strategies and the impact of education strategy misfit on the performance and effectiveness of the board’s moderating role on the misfit level and performance of Islamic banks.

Design/methodology/approach
This research is a quantitative study with pooled ordinary least square panel data during the years 2007-2014 from all Indonesian Islamic commercial banks. Islamic bank performances are measured by the level of profitability and sharia financial performance. Board effectiveness is analysed by measuring the effectiveness of both the board of commissioners (BoC) and the sharia supervisory board (SSB).

Findings
This study proves that organisational competent qualities and chief executive officer tenure are the contingency factors that affect the implementation of the education strategy. This study’s results indicate that the effectiveness of both the BoC and SSB has a positive impact on the bank’s profitability and sharia financial performance. The results also show that misfit has a negative effect on sharia financial performance and that board effectiveness is proved to reduce the negative impact of a misfit on sharia financial performance. However, there is no strong evidence that board effectiveness reduces the negative impact of a misfit on profitability.

Originality/value
This study emphasises the importance of enhancing the competence and innovation of organisations in the implementation of education strategy and the need for synergy and increased capabilities among board members to achieve well-established Islamic bank performance.
The Islamic harmonization of consolidated auditors’ reports
Authors: Fakhfakh Mondher 
Published: January 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the level of harmonization of consolidated auditors’ reports issued by the independent auditors of Islamic banks.

Design/methodology/approach
A statistical measurement of the homogenization of the consolidated auditors’ reports of Islamic banks. International and Islamic auditing standards on consolidated auditors’ reports are used as the control (ISA 700 and AAOIFI standard-IAS2).

Findings
The results show a lack of harmonization among the Islamic bank’s groups in several elements related to the form of the consolidated auditor’s report and in all elements related to the independent auditor’s report.

Originality/value
This paper provides new empirical evidence about the measurement of harmonization in the form and content of the consolidated auditors’ reports of Islamic banks groups. It discusses the level of compliance with the consolidated elements enumerated by the standards issued by the International Federation of Accountants and the Accounting and Auditing Organization for Islamic Financial Institutions.