bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The roles of wrinkle structures in the veins of Asian Ladybird and bioinspiration
Authors: Song Zelai , Yan Yongwei , Wu Wei , Tong Jin , Sun Jiyu 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe deployable hind wings of the Asian ladybird beetle (Harmonia axyridis) play important roles in their flight. Wrinkle structures of veins are found on the bending zones of the hind wings ofH. axyridis. This paper investigates the effect of the wrinkle structures of the veins of the hind wing on its deformation. Based on the nanomechanical properties of the veins, morphology of the hind wing, surface structures of veins and microstructures of the cross sections, including the veins and wing membranes, we establish four three-dimensional coupling models for hind wings with/without wrinkles with different and uniform reduced modulus. Relative to the bending and twisting model shapes, Model I, which includes the wrinkle structure and different reduced-modulus veins, has much more flexibility of passive deformation to control wing deformations. The results show that both the wrinkle structures in the bending zone and varying reduced modulus of the veins contribute to the flight performance of bending and twisting deformations of the hind wings, which have important implications for the bionic design of the biomimetic deployable wing of micro air vehicles (MAVs).
Small non-coding RNA CjNC110 influences motility, autoagglutination, AI-2 localization, hydrogen peroxide sensitivity and chicken colonization inCampylobacter jejuni
Authors: Kreuder Amanda J. , Ruddell Brandon , Mou Kathy , Hassall Alan , Zhang Qijing , Plummer Paul J. 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTSmall non-coding RNAs are involved in many important physiological functions in pathogenic microorganisms. Previous studies have identified the presence of non-coding RNAs in the major zoonotic pathogenCampylobacter jejuni, however, few have been functionally characterized to date. CjNC110 is a conserved ncRNA inC. jejuni,located downstream of theluxSgene which is responsible for the production of the quorum-sensing molecule autoinducer-2 (AI-2). In this study, we utilized strand specific high-throughput RNAseq to identify potential targets or interactive partners of CjNC110 in a sheep abortion clone ofC. jejuni. This data was then utilized to focus further phenotypic evaluation of the role of CjNC110 in motility, autoagglutination, quorum sensing, hydrogen peroxide sensitivity and chicken colonization inC. jejuni. Inactivation of the CjNC110 ncRNA led to a statistically significant decrease in autoagglutination ability as well as increased motility and hydrogen peroxide sensitivity when compared to wild-type. Extracellular AI-2 detection was decreased in ΔCjNC110, however, intracellular AI-2 accumulation was significantly increased, suggesting a key role of CjNC110 in modulating the transport of AI-2. Notably, ΔCjNC110 also showed a decreased ability to colonize chickens. Complementation of CjNC110 restored all phenotypic changes back to wild-type levels. The collective results of the phenotypic and transcriptomic changes observed in our data provide valuable insights into the pathobiology ofC. jejunisheep abortion clone and strongly suggest that CjNC110 plays an important role in regulation of energy taxis, flagellar glycosylation, cellular communication via quorum sensing, oxidative stress tolerance and chicken colonization in this important zoonotic pathogen.
In VitroProbiotic Potential of Hemophilin-producing Strains ofHaemophilus haemolyticus
Authors: Atto Brianna , Latham Roger , Kunde Dale , Gell David , Tristram Stephen 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTNon-typeableHaemophilus influenzae(NTHi) is a leading causative organism of opportunistic respiratory tract infections, including otitis media and acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Despite the enormous disease burden associated with NTHi infections, there are currently no effective prevention strategies, and the rapid development of antibiotic resistance is compromising treatment.We previously discoveredHaemophilus haemolyticus(Hh) strains capable of producing haemophilin (HPL), a heme-binding protein that restricts NTHi growth by limiting its access to an essential growth factor, heme. Thus, these strains may have utility as a probiotic therapy against NTHi infection by limiting colonization, migration and subsequent infection in susceptible individuals. Here, we have assessed the feasibility of this approach byin vitrocompetition assays between NTHi and Hh strains with varying capacity to produce HPL. HPL-producing strains of Hh exhibited enhanced growth and consistently outcompeted NTHi compared to Hh strains unable to produce the protein. This competitive advantage was maintained over a period of six days, culminating in the complete eradication of NTHi. Expression analysis ofHPLduring competition coincided with the NTHi-inhibitory capacity of HPL-producers, confirming that inhibition was mediated by the presence of HPL.Together, results suggest that natural levels of HPL production by Hh are sufficient to limit NTHi’s access to heme, even under excess heme conditions unlikely to be encounteredin vivo.Further investigation is required to determine the protective capacity of HPL-producersin vivoand their ability to interrupt NTHi colonization of host cells.
To group or not to group: group size dynamics and intestinal parasites in Indian peafowl populations
Authors: Dange Priyanka , Mhaisalkar Pranav , Paranjpe Dhanashree 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAnimals can form groups for various reasons including safety from predators, access to potential mates and benefits of allo-parental care. However, there are costs associated with living in a group such as competition for food and/or mates with other members of the group, higher chances of disease transmission, etc. Group size dynamics can change with the biotic and abiotic environment around individuals. In the current study, we explored the links between group size dynamics and intestinal parasites of Indian peafowl (Pavo cristatus) in the context of seasons and food provisioning. Data for group size was collected across three seasons (Pre-Monsoon, Monsoon and Post-Monsoon) at three field sites (Morachi Chincholi, Nashik and Rajasthan). Individual and group sightings of peafowl were noted down along with group size and composition (no. of males, females, adults, juveniles, sub-adults). Faecal samples were collected from food provision and non-provision areas across the same three seasons at same field sites. Parasite load in the samples was quantified using microscopic examination. Group size was significantly higher in Pre-Monsoon season as compared to Monsoon and Post-Monsoon seasons. Monsoon and Post-Monsoon seasons had higher intestinal parasite prevalence and load as compared to Pre-Monsoon season. Thus, group size and intestinal parasites of Indian peafowl have an inverse relationship across seasons. Parasite load was significantly greater at food provision sites as compared to non-provision sites while parasite prevalence was comparable. Aggregation of individuals at the food provision sites may influence the parasite transmission and group-size dynamics in Indian peafowl. In conclusion, Indian peafowl are behaviourally plastic and fission-fusion of social groups may allow them to tackle ecological pressures such as predation and parasite transmission in different seasons.
Where’s the meat? An evaluation of diet and partisanship identification
Authors: Mosier Samantha L. , Rimal Arbindra P. 
Published: January 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to comprehensively evaluate the connection between dietary choice and partisanship affiliation among the US population. Food has the potential to be a powerful factor connected to identity and political behaviour.Design/methodology/approachThis study analyses survey data (including frequency distributions, cross-tabulations and Tobit regression models) from the Natural Marketing Institute’s 2016 LOHAS database with a total sample population of 4,134.FindingsThe results provide a platform for further exploring the interaction and effect of diet and partisan affiliation as it applies to political outcomes and market activities. This study confirms that individuals identify as either a Democrat or unaffiliated are more likely to report a vegan or vegetarian-based diet compared to Republicans. However, unaffiliated respondents are also just as likely as Republicans to report a red meat-intensive diet. Gender, race and education level are consistent explanatory factors across the entire population for influencing self-reported dietary behaviour, but location lifestyle factors, such as marital and employment status, influence partisan groups differently.Research limitations/implicationsThe reliance of self-reported diet and partisan affiliation of respondents among US respondents.Originality/valueMost research examining diet and political activities mostly stem from vegan and vegetarian identity research. This study provides a comprehensive evaluation on the relationship between diet and partisan affiliation in the broader public.
Physicochemical characterization, bioactive compounds and correlations in native fruits of western Mato Grosso do Sul
Authors: de Oliveira Marcelo Caetano , Curi Paula Nogueira , Pio Rafael , Farias Daniela da Hora , Rigote Marcio Roberto , Schiassi Maria Cecília Evangelista Vasconcelos , Pasqual Moacir , Souza Vanessa Rios de 
Published: January 2020

PurposeThe native species from western Mato Grosso do Sul provide fruits with unique sensory characteristics and high nutrient concentrations. Tropical fruit consumption is increasing due to the growing recognition of the nutritional value. These fruits play important roles through the marketing of their products and nutritionally through their consumption. All fruits are edible and are used in the food industry and well sensory accepted. The purpose of this paper is to verify the physicochemical characteristics, bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity in fruits collected in the Cerrado and Pantanal biomes from western Mato Grosso do Sul.Design/methodology/approachThe fruits of baru, bocaiuva, jatobá, jenipapo and pequi were collected. To characterize them, longitudinal diameter, transverse diameter, total soluble solids, acidity, pH, ascorbic acid, total phenolics, antioxidant capacity, total sugar, glucose and macro and micronutrient contents analysis were performed in triplicate.FindingsJatobá presented the highest values of vitamin C. For phenolics, baru and jatobá stood out; bocaiuva presented the highest results for sugars, while jatobá was superior for glucose. The fruits with the highest antioxidant capacity, DPPH, were pequi and baru, while via ABTS the jatobá was the highest. Baru presented higher levels of nitrogen, phosphorus, magnesium, copper, zinc and iron. The bocaiuva presented the highest results for potassium and sulfur, the jatobá calcium and manganese. Jenipapo stood out with its boron content. Magnesium presented superior results in the baru, jenipapo and bocaiuva. The results reinforce the diversity of physicochemical characteristics.Originality/valueThe increase of the flow of available information, together with the growth of multicultural influences, the search for wholesome diet and the diversity of flavors and colors make these fruits important regional development tools. Their characteristics encompass national and international exploration potential that arouse consumer interest and contribute to the pursuit of innovations. In addition, the native species mentioned above provide fruits with unique sensory characteristics. Their consumption is increasing in the markets due to the growing recognition of their nutritional value. Therefore, these fruits play important roles, economically, through the marketing of their products and nutritionally through their consumption.
Moving smallholders up rice value chain: a system dynamics approach
Authors: Tey Yeong Sheng , Ibragimov Abdulla , Brindal Mark , Sidique Shaufique F. , Abduraupov Rustam , Makhmudov Miraziz 
Published: January 2020

PurposePaddy farmers form the backbone of food security. However, poverty plagues them despite having linked them to the rice value chain. To overcome this, the concept of involving smallholders in post-farm value chain stages is promoted. The purpose of this paper is to explore the potential of upgrading smallholder involvement in rice value chains through the adoption of a sustainability standard.Design/methodology/approachThe authors built a system dynamic model to capture both conventional and certified sub-value chains. The latter deviates from the conventional one and capitalizes on compliance to a sustainability standard.FindingsWhen compared to conventional farm gate sales methods, the simulations revealed obvious profitability of direct marketing with respect to certified sustainable rice. Although coupled with productivity growth, the simulations indicated the shift to standard adoption would likely to be both limited and slow.Originality/valueThe findings suggest that the profitability of a certified rice value chain will remain fettered. In order to enhance both farmer livelihood and food security, given the limited prospect of moving smallholders up that chain, the authors conclude that national policy should be rationalized and concentrated on the possibility of diversifying the end-use of rice through research, development and subsequent commercialization.
A collaborative scenario-based decision model for a disrupted dual-channel supply chain
Authors: Heydari Jafar , Aslani Amin , Sabbaghnia Ali 
Published: January 2020

PurposeDistribution systems usually utilize both traditional retailing channels in conjunction with e-channels. The purpose of this paper is to investigate a dual-channel supply chain, comprising a traditional retailing channel and an e-channel under disruption. By benchmarking against the centralized decision structure, the authors intend to propose a collaboration model to achieve channel coordination as well as more reliable decisions.Design/methodology/approachFour different channel disruption scenarios, with customers’ reaction toward disruptions, are examined, and then, optimal pricing decisions for both centralized and decentralized decision-making structures are extracted. Next, a collaboration mechanism based on the dominancy power of channel members is developed to entice all channel members to participate in channel coordination. By benchmarking the proposed collaboration model against both the decentralized/centralized structures a win–win solution is guaranteed for all channel members. In addition, the proposed model ensures more reliable decisions than the centralized structure, as it guarantees less fluctuated income levels.FindingsThis study shows, as the disruption probability grows, the channel profit decreases while the channel-retailing price increases. Furthermore, the exact alignment of the centralized decision-making approach and the proposed collaboration model is not achievable due to the problem infeasibility. Numerical experiments and sensitivity analyses benchmark the performance of the proposed collaboration mechanism against the centralized structure for the full alignment with centralized decision-making approach.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the channel conflict literature as jointly considers pricing decisions, disruptions and coordination. Further, consumers’ reaction toward disruption is analyzed through a transshipment agreement.
Critical analysis of organizational change process: evidences from a steel company
Authors: Silva Leandro Vedovato , Anholon Rosley , Rampasso Izabela Simon , Silva Dirceu , Quelhas Osvaldo Luiz Gonçalves , Leal Filho Walter , Santa-Eulalia Luis Antonio 
Published: January 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the main factors that influence the organizational change in a steel company.

Design/methodology/approach
The methodological procedures used were literature review and survey. The literature review allowed the listing of 24 factors and these factors were grouped into three constructs (Behavioral Aspects, Cultural Aspects and Management Aspects). The survey allowed the quantification of each factor based on information provided by employees who work in the mentioned company. The data collected were analyzed using the Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling technique.

Findings
For the Behavioral Aspects, the following factors were validated: fear of the unknown; insecurity and anxiety; stress and feeling of suffering. For the Cultural Aspects the following factors were validated: multiculturalism in the company; low degree of risk acceptance and low performance acceptance; excessive concerns about consensus. Finally, for the Management Aspects, the following factors were validated: lack of clarity in communications; lack of alignment of goals; lack of leadership engagement.

Originality/value
The results are valuable for the company studied and for other managers interested in subject. The findings presented here can broaden the debate about this topic and contribute with professionals that wish to evaluate the mentioned factors.
Leadership and quality management measurement models: an empirical study
Authors: Chansatitporn Natkamol , Pobkeeree Vallerut 
Published: January 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore, confirm and verify leadership with regards to quality management measurement models. This research focused on identifying individual staff members’ leadership attributes at the Thai National Institute of Health in relation to quality management.

Design/methodology/approach
The research instrument used in this study was a modified questionnaire on self-leadership and quality management that was distributed to the institute’s staff. Leadership and quality management construct variables were observed and measured through staff perceptions, attitudes, practices and existing facts at the institute. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modeling (SEM) were used to examine the data.

Findings
The questionnaire had a 65 percent response rate. EFA revealed six factors from 27 questionnaire items and CFA was used to confirm the measurement models that were fitted to the data. The leadership attributes of staff members at the institute were statistically associated to and impacted on quality management by SEM analysis.

Research limitations/implications
In-depth understanding of leadership and quality management could be done through a longitudinal study because the two factors would change over time. Even though this model is not a longitudinal study, it could help the institute facilitate and manage quality in practice through leadership.

Originality/value
A cross-sectional study is used to examine the effect of leadership on quality management through factor analysis and SEM, which provided empirical evidence for future research. Leadership and quality management measurement models have statistically proven to be appropriately, technically and theoretically correct by design for observing variables used in the leadership measurement model that affects quality management.
Student mental health in the healthcare professions: exploring the benefits of peer support through the Bridge Network
Authors: Felton Anne , Lambert Marissa 
Published: January 2020

Purpose
Student mental health is a major challenge for higher education in the twenty-first century. Students undertaking healthcare professionally affiliated courses can experience additional pressures that negatively impact on their well-being and can make it more difficult to access support. The paper aims to discuss this issue.

Design/methodology/approach
To address some of these challenges, the Bridge Network was established in one healthcare school in a higher education institution. It is a peer support network co-produced with students studying on healthcare courses to provide group-based support to promote mental well-being. Student peer group facilitators draw on their own lived experience of mental health challenges or of being a carer. The groups provide a safe space for students who may experience mental health difficulties to share, gain support and connect with each other. This paper explores the journey of setting up the Bridge Network.

Findings
Although the group has been well received and various factors have supported its establishment, there are several difficulties that the network has faced. Power imbalances between students and academic staff have been challenging for the co-produced design, alongside enabling positive and safe discloser for healthcare students. However, the network has raised the profile of mental well-being for healthcare students and encouraged supportive conversations about the issue as well as providing enriching volunteer opportunities.

Practical implications
The Bridge Network is an innovative development reflecting best practice within mental healthcare. However, to ensure spread and sustainability, alignment with organisational strategy is required.

Originality/value
The paper explores the strengths and challenges of establishing peer support for students undertaking vocational healthcare courses.
Knowledge curation work in Wikidata WikiProject discussions
Authors: Kanke Timothy 
Published: January 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate how editors participate in Wikidata and how they organize their work.Design/methodology/approachThis qualitative study used content analysis of discussions involving data curation and negotiation in Wikidata. Activity theory was used as a conceptual framework for data collection and analysis.FindingsThe analysis identified six activities: conceptualizing the curation process, appraising objects, ingesting objects from external sources, creating collaborative infrastructure, re-organizing collaborative infrastructure and welcoming newcomers. Many of the norms and rules that were identified help regulate the activities in Wikidata.Research limitations/implicationsThis study mapped Wikidata activities to curation and ontology frameworks. Results from this study provided implications for academic studies on online peer-curation work.Practical implicationsAn understanding of the activities in Wikidata will help inform communities wishing to contribute data to or reuse data from Wikidata, as well as inform the design of other similar online peer-curation communities, scientific research institutional repositories, digital archives and libraries.Originality/valueWikidata is one of the largest knowledge curation projects on the web. The data from this project are used by other Wikimedia projects such as Wikipedia, as well as major search engines. This study explores an aspect of Wikidata WikiProject editors to the author’s knowledge has yet to be researched.