bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Infants’ recognition of their mothers’ faces in facial drawings
Authors: Kobayashi Megumi , Kakigi Ryusuke , Kanazawa So , Yamaguchi Masami K. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis study examined the development of ability to recognize familiar face in drawings in infants aged 6–8 months. In Experiment 1, we investigated infants’ recognition of their mothers’ faces by testing their visual preference for their mother’s face over a stranger’s face under three conditions: photographs, cartoons produced by online software that simplifies and enhances the contours of facial features of line drawings, and veridical line drawings. We found that 7‐ and 8‐month‐old infants showed a significant preference for their mother’s face in photographs and cartoons, but not in veridical line drawings. In contrast, 6‐month‐old infants preferred their mother’s face only in photographs. In Experiment 2, we investigated a visual preference for an upright face over an inverted face for cartoons and veridical line drawings in 6‐ to 8‐month‐old infants, finding that infants aged older than 6 months showed the inversion effect in face preference in both cartoons and veridical line drawings. Our results imply that the ability to utilize the enhanced information of a face to recognize familiar faces may develop aged around 7 months of age.
An overview and experimental analysis of furniture fire safety regulations in Europe
Authors: Guillaume Eric , de Feijter Rene , van Gelderen Laurens 
Published: March 2020

SummaryThe regulation requirements for upholstered furniture are nationally defined and lead to very different safety levels across Europe. This paper studies the fire performance of upholstered furniture across Europe and demonstrates the differences in the fire safety of sofas in different countries. Real sofas were purchased over Europe and tested first alone then for several of them in a room scenario. The fire performance of such upholstered furniture is related to their constitution and possibly to the improvement of their performance by physical and/or chemical means. Results are presented from a performance point of view and not focusing on the different technical solutions that can be envisaged, such as fire barriers or flame retardants. The results clearly show the effect of stricter regulations, not necessarily on the maximum heat release but mainly on the time available to escape, which is critical in many fire scenarios. Such regulations may have a positive effect, but they have to be performance‐based, evaluated properly, and implemented considering market surveillance.
Pharmacy practice faculty and preceptor development
Authors: Haase Krystal K. , Crannage Erica F. , Orlando Patricia L. , Lee Mary , Martello Jay L. , Stamm Pamela L. , Wargo Kurt A. , Kiser Katie L. , Fleischman Megan E. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractFaculty development is a priority for colleges and schools of pharmacy for both corporate and individual success. Recommendations in the 2008 American College of Clinical Pharmacy (ACCP) position statement and white paper on faculty development remain relevant today. However, changes in educational standards, delivery of pharmacy education, and faculty and learners have prompted an update of the 2008 documents. This 2020 white paper focuses on three components: preceptor development, updates in pharmacy practice faculty development, and program formation and implementation. The paper provides evidence and recommendations for preceptor development and summarizes the literature updates related to pharmacy practice faculty development in several areas, including teaching, practice, and research. This update explores additional topics not emphasized in the previous paper, including faculty well‐being, holistic career‐long development, and challenges with implementing and assessing development programs.
Tomentosin induces apoptotic pathway by blocking inflammatory mediators via modulation of cell proteins in AGS gastric cancer cell line
Authors: Yang Hongwei , Zhao Hongchao , Dong Xinhua , Yang Zhen , Chang Weilong 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn this study, we investigated the in vitro effect of tomentosin on cell proliferation by 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, reactive oxygen species by 2′,7′‐dichlorofluorescein diacetate staining assay, apoptosis (AO/EtBr, propidium iodide, and 4′,6‐diamidino‐2‐phenylindole staining, mitochondrial membrane potential), cell adherent, cell migration, inflammation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress from gastric cancer cells (GCCs) AGS. Upon their relative cell proliferative, inflammatory, and apoptotic molecular markers were analyzed by using the enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and Western blot analysis method. Treatment with tomentosin (IC50 = 20 µM) significantly inhibited cell proliferation and oxidative stress‐induced anti‐cell proliferative (proliferating cell nuclear antigen and cyclin‐D1) also regulated expression, drastically diminished tumor necrosis factor‐α, nuclear factor‐κB, interleukin‐6, and interleukin‐1β expression levels, significantly upregulated Bcl‐2 and Bax expression. Thus, this tomentosin can significantly reduce GCC proliferation via cytotoxicity which is stimulated apoptosis markers via morphology staining changes and inhibitory inflammatory markers. The tomentosin‐induced oxidative stress may be involved to stimulate apoptotic mechanisms via mitochondria‐mediated signaling by the inhibition of inflammation. Taken together, our findings suggest a possible future use of chemotherapeutic agents for pharmacological benefits and as an anti‐cancer treatment option.
The CFTR variant profile of Hispanic patients with cystic fibrosis: Impact on access to effective screening, diagnosis, and personalized medicine
Authors: Januska Megan N. , Marx Laura , Walker Patricia A. , Berdella Maria N. , Langfelder‐Schwind Elinor 
Published: March 2020

AbstractHispanic patients comprise an appreciable and increasing proportion of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) in the United States (US). Hispanic patients with CF are known to have increased morbidity and mortality compared to non‐Hispanic white patients with CF, and ongoing investigations are underway to identify contributing factors amenable to intervention in order to address the disparate health outcomes. One contributing factor is the different CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) variant profile observed in Hispanic patients with CF. The most common CFTR variant, p.Phe508del (legacy name F508del), is proportionally underrepresented in Hispanic patients with CF. This difference has implications for prenatal screening, newborn screening (NBS), and CFTR variant‐specific therapeutic options. In particular, the recent approval of a highly effective CFTR modulator for patients carrying at least one copy of F508del, elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor triple combination therapy, underscores the potential for unequal access to personalized treatment for Hispanic patients with CF. We report the CFTR variant profiles of Hispanic patients with CF and non‐CF Hispanic infants with a false‐positive New York State CF NBS at a single center in New York City over a 5‐year study period, as an opportunity to address the racial and ethnic disparities that currently exist in CF screening, diagnosis, and treatment. In addition to the previously documented disparate prevalence of the CFTR variant F508del in Hispanic patients, we observed two CFTR variants, p.His609Arg (legacy name H609R) and p.Thr1036Asn (legacy name T1036N), frequently identified in our Hispanic patients of Ecuadorian and Mexican ancestry, respectively, that are not well‐described in the US population. The presence of population‐specific and individually rare CFTR variants in Hispanic patients with CF further accentuates the disparity in health outcomes, as these CFTR variants are often absent from prenatal and NBS CFTR variant panels, potentially delaying diagnosis, and without an approved CFTR variant‐specific therapy.
Caution should be exercised for the detection of SARS‐CoV‐2, especially in the elderly
Authors: Yuan Yajun , Wang Nan , Ou Xueqing 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn December 2019, a pneumonia outbreak, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), was first identified in Wuhan, China and presented a major threat to public health. Nationwide, there were more than 70 000 confirmed cases and 2500 deaths. Most patients were elderly, with severe disease. For acute respiratory infection, reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) is routinely used to detect causative viruses in respiratory secretions. Coronavirus RNA can be detected from nose and throat swabs, sputum and other lower respiratory tract secretions, blood, and feces. Such specimens were examined by RT‐PCR. Three targets, RdRP, E, and N genes were detected, indicating samples were positive for SARS‐CoV‐2. After patient recovery, a chest computed tomography examination, combined with SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA detection, confirmed diagnosis. However, some recovery patients with negative RNA tests turned RNA positive. The preliminary data is about 14% of discharged patients in Guangdong reported by the Guangdong Center for Disease Control (CDC). This is an important scientific issue. If samples are positive for SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA, patients should be managed according to infection source. Fortunately, there were no close contacts of second‐generation cases. We herein report six SARS‐CoV‐2 cases confirmed in our hospital, for the changes of results of SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA should attract attention. Most patients were elderly, with a low Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI). However, the association of the phenomenon with aging and GNRI has not yet been reported in detail. Further investigations are necessary to confirm and improve these findings. Similarly, discharged patient follow‐up should be strengthened.
Sociodemographic predictors of surgery refusal in patients with stage I‐III colon cancer
Authors: Lu Pamela W. , Fields Adam C. , Yoo James , Irani Jennifer , Goldberg Joel E. , Bleday Ronald , Melnitchouk Nelya 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesOver 104 000 cases of colon cancer are estimated to be diagnosed in 2020. Surgical resection is a critical part of colon cancer treatment and adequate resection impacts prognosis. However, some patients refuse potentially curative surgery. We aimed to identify the rate and predictors of surgery refusal among patients with colon cancer.MethodsThe National Cancer Database (2004‐2015) was queried for patients diagnosed with stage I‐III colonic adenocarcinoma. Sociodemographic factors, clinical features, and treatment facility characteristics were collected. Patients who underwent surgery with curative intent were compared to those who refused surgery. Multivariable analysis was used to identify factors associated with surgery refusal. Adjusted survival analysis was performed on propensity‐matched cohorts.ResultsA total of 151 020 patients were included and 1071 (0.71%) refused surgery. In multivariable analysis older age, Black race, higher Charlson comorbidity score, Medicaid, Medicare, or lack of insurance were predictive of refusing surgery. After propensity matching, there was a significant difference in 5‐year survival for patients who refused surgery vs those who underwent surgery (P < .001).ConclusionsThere are racial and socioeconomic disparities in the refusal of surgery for colon cancer. Further studies are needed to better understand the drivers behind differences in refusing curative surgery for colon cancer.
Genetic variants in PDSS1 and SLC16A6 of the ketone body metabolic pathway predict cutaneous melanoma‐specific survival
Authors: Dai Wei , Liu Hongliang , Chen Ka , Xu Xinyuan , Qian Danwen , Luo Sheng , Amos Christopher I. , Lee Jeffrey E. , Li Xin , Nan Hongmei , Li Chunying , Wei Qingyi 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA few single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been identified to be associated with cutaneous melanoma (CM) survival through genome‐wide association studies, but stringent multiple testing corrections required for the hypothesis‐free testing may have masked some true associations. Using a hypothesis‐driven analysis approach, we sought to evaluate associations between SNPs in ketone body metabolic pathway genes and CM survival. We comprehensively assessed associations between 4196 (538 genotyped and 3658 imputed) common SNPs in 44 ketone body metabolic pathway genes and CM survival, using a dataset of 858 patients of a case‐control study from The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center as the discovery set and another dataset of 409 patients from the Nurses' Health Study and the Health Professionals Follow‐up Study as the replication set. There were 95/858 (11.1%) and 48/409 (11.7%) patients who died of CM, respectively. We identified two independent SNPs (ie, PDSS1 rs12254548 G>C and SLC16A6 rs71387392 G>A) that were associated with CM survival, with allelic hazards ratios of 0.58 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.44‐0.76, P = 9.00 × 10−5) and 1.98 (95% CI = 1.34‐2.94, P = 6.30 × 10−4), respectively. Additionally, associations between genotypes of the SNPs and messenger RNA expression levels of their corresponding genes support the biologic plausibility of a role for these two variants in CM tumor progression and survival. Once validated by other larger studies, PDSS1 rs12254548 and SLC16A6 rs71387392 may be valuable biomarkers for CM survival.
Investigating short‐time diffusion of hyperpolarized 129Xe in lung air spaces and tissue: A feasibility study in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients
Authors: Kern Agilo L. , Gutberlet Marcel , Moher Alsady Tawfik , Welte Tobias , Wacker Frank , Hohlfeld Jens M. , Vogel‐Claussen Jens 
Published: March 2020

PurposeTo investigate the diffusion of hyperpolarized 129Xe in air spaces at short‐time scales for determination of lung surface‐to‐gas‐volume ratio in comparison to results from chemical shift saturation recovery, CT, and established clinical measures.MethodsA pulse sequence for measurement of time‐dependent diffusion of 129Xe in air spaces at short diffusion times was developed. Gas uptake into lung tissue was measured in the same breathhold using chemical shift saturation recovery spectroscopy in the short‐time regime. The potential to obtain the surface‐to‐gas‐volume ratio using a first‐order and second‐order approximation of the short‐time expansion of time‐dependent diffusion according to Mitra et al11 and its diagnostic relevance were tested in a study with 9 chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases patients.ResultsSurface‐to‐gas‐volume ratios obtained from time‐dependent diffusion were correlated with results from chemical shift saturation recovery, r = 0.840, P = .005 (first‐order fits), and r = 0.923, P < .001 (second‐order fits), and from CT results for second‐order fits, r = 0.729, P = .026. Group means ± SD were 75.0 ± 15.5 cm−1 (first‐order fits) and 122.3 ± 32.8 cm−1 (second‐order fits) for time‐dependent diffusion, 125.9 ± 43.3 cm−1 for chemical shift saturation recovery, and 159.5 ± 50.9 cm−1 for CT. Surface‐to‐gas‐volume ratios from time‐dependent diffusion with first‐order fits correlated significantly with carbon monoxide diffusing capacity as percent of prediction, r = 0.724, P = .028.ConclusionTime‐dependent diffusion measurements of 129Xe at short‐time scales down to ~1 ms are feasible in chronic obstructive pulmonary patients and provide clinically relevant information on lung microstructure.
Adaptive and highly accurate numerical treatment for a gradient‐enhanced brittle damage model
Authors: Vogel Andreas , Junker Philipp 
Published: March 2020

SummaryWe present an adaptive numerical treatment for a recently published model for brittle damage with gradient enhancement. We employ adaptive strategies both in time and space, yielding detailed investigations of the convergence behavior: the damage distribution can be resolved with very high accuracy, turning the damage behavior into cracks known from fracture mechanics. Although the localization is extreme, mesh‐independent results are obtained thanks to the spatial adaptivity and allow for a detailed investigation of the influence of the regularization parameter.
Comparing student achievement in traditional learning with a combination of blended and flipped learning
Authors: Halasa Suhaila , Abusalim Nimer , Rayyan Mohammad , Constantino Rose E. , Nassar Omayah , Amre Huda , Sharab Moayad , Qadri Insirah 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of blended learning with a flipped classroom design on student academic achievement in a Bachelor of Science in Nursing course.DesignA quasi‐experimental study.MethodStudents were split into an experimental blended learning with a flipped classroom design group and a control group using the traditional, teacher‐centred learning method. Data were collected during spring 2018 (13.3 weeks) and student's grades for the registered course and their grade point average (GPA) were recorded.ResultsFindings showed statistically significant increases in student grades in the experimental group. Predictability calculations also showed better achievement of learning outcomes if a blended learning with a flipped classroom design is continued to be used in the future.
Development of polymer film coatings with high adhesion to steel alloys and high wear resistance
Authors: Yumashev Alexei , Mikhaylov Alexey 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis work proposes a technique for the controlled incorporation of nanoinclusions into a polymer matrix, which, as expected, will help resolve the contradiction in the requirements asked of polymer film coats, that is, good adhesion and above‐average tribological properties, including the high wear resistance. The study introduces and puts to the test an approach by performing the controlled incorporation of fullerene‐like nanoinclusions. The results of experimental verification, that is, the tribological profile of resultant nanocomposite were presented. It was found that a polyacetal matrix reinforced with the fullerene‐like nanoinclusions demonstrated a more stable behavior in tribological tests. These polymer films showed slightly lower coefficients of friction. This result can be considered successful and promising; without changing the nanocomposite composition, a tribological enhancement was achieved by manipulating the nanoparticle distribution within the polymer matrix. This study sought to create a three‐dimensional structure of nanoinclusions, specifically a graphite‐like hexagonal structure, that is, “columns” with a height equal to the film thickness and located at the nodes of the hexagonal lattice. The research concept was experimentally verified by comparing polymer films with a different distribution of nanoinclusions integrated into them. The filler fractions were 2 wt% in all films regardless of nanoparticle distribution. A polymer film with a uniform distribution of nanoinclusions was regarded as a baseline. A film with an ordered arrangement of nanoinclusions showed a 40% greater wear resistance (the number of cycles to film fragmentation) and a 39% lower coefficient of friction.
Spirituality in cancer patients on phase 1 clinical trials
Authors: Ferrell Betty , Chung Vincent , Koczywas Marianna , Borneman Tami , Irish Terry L. , Ruel Nora H. , Azad Nilofer S. , Cooper Rhonda S. , Smith Thomas J. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractObjectivesPatients with cancer who are at a transition to Phase I investigational treatments have been identified as an underserved population with regard to palliative care. This disease transition is often accompanied by spiritual and existential concerns. The study objective was to conduct a secondary analysis of data from a larger study testing a palliative care intervention. This paper reports the findings of this secondary focus on the spiritual needs of this population.MethodsPatients (n = 479) were accrued to this study prior to initiating a Phase I clinical trial with data collected at baseline, and 4, 12, and 24 week follow‐up.ResultsQualitative data revealed that the transition to Phase 1 trial participation is a time of balancing hope for extended life with the reality of advancing disease. Quantitative results demonstrated increased spirituality over time in both religious‐ and non‐religious‐affiliated patients.ConclusionsPatients entering Phase I trials have important spiritual needs as they face treatment decisions, advancing disease, and often mortality. Spiritual care should be provided to seriously ill patients as a component of quality care.
An explosion accident analysis of the laboratory in university
Authors: Chen Mengmeng , Wu Yaqin , Wang Kai , Guo Haijun , Ke Wei 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAcademic research in the laboratory is often considered as the work with lower risks compared with other process industries. Whereas, it is revealed that there are still many accidents happening in the laboratory, causing deaths, injuries, and economic losses. In order to identify the main causes and improve the safety management, an explosion accident in a laboratory of a university is thoroughly investigated based on the 24Model and 5Whys method. The results indicate that inadequate safety knowledge and insufficient safety awareness of the experimenters serve as main contributors of the accident. In order to effectively prevent such accidents, it is necessary to strengthen the safety training of the experimenters and associated technical managers, so as to create a good safety culture atmosphere in the university. Moreover, a smart safety management system based on internet of things (IoT) is established for the laboratory, which contains equipment management subsystem, experiment consumables management subsystem, personnel management, training and assessment subsystem, environmental monitoring subsystem, and accident diagnosis subsystem. With the help of the system, daily safety of the laboratory can be greatly improved.
Riverine landscapes, water resource development and management: A view from downunder
Authors: Thoms Martin , Rose Teresa , Dyer Fiona 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA perfect storm refers to an event in which a rare combination of circumstances significantly exacerbates the event. River science faces a potential perfect storm through the emergence of several factors. First, pronounced and persistent human modifications to catchments and rivers have resulted in regime shifts—a state change of riverine landscapes. Anthropocene Rivers have different ecosystem structures and functions and cannot return to their “natural state.” This new regime challenges accepted river science paradigms, especially those focused on traditional models of stressor—response. Second, river science is rapidly transitioning from a multidisciplinary activity focused on biophysical structures and functions, to rivers as social–ecological systems. The rise of interdisciplinary research not only recognizes the high degree of coupling between natural and human components, but also the generation of river knowledge that is more socially accountable. Third, the application of scientific knowledge to solve “wicked” river problems continues. However, increasingly river managers are faced with decisions in an environment of high uncertainty about what they are managing, and the potential impacts of their actions. The manuscripts in this Special Issue highlight a potential perfect storm facing Australian riverine landscapes. The issue is dedicated to Professor Wayne Erskine; an intellectual leader of Australian river science for over 20 years. Focussed on the science and management of Australian Rivers, the 14 manuscripts broadly cover the areas in which Wayne made his greatest contributions: river processes and management. Each has a strong foundation in theory and has application in helping to solve some of the complex problems faced by Australia's river managers across a range of spatial and temporal scales.