bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Demographic history, cold adaptation, and recent NRAP recurrent convergent evolution at amino acid residue 100 in the world northernmost cattle from Russia
Authors: Buggiotti Laura , Yurchenko Andrey A. , Yudin Nikolay S. , Jagt Christy J. Vander , Daetwyler Hans D. , Larkin Denis M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractNative cattle breeds represent an important cultural heritage. They are a reservoir of genetic variation useful for properly responding to agriculture needs in light of ongoing climate changes. Evolutionary processes that occur in response to extreme environmental conditions could also be better understood using adapted local populations. Herein, different evolutionary histories for two of the world northernmost native cattle breeds from Russia were investigated. They highlighted Kholmogory as a typical taurine cattle, while Yakut cattle separated from European taurines ~5,000 years ago and contain numerous ancestral and some novel genetic variants allowing their adaptation to harsh conditions of living above the Polar Circle. Scans for selection signatures pointed to several common gene pathways related to adaptation to harsh climates in both breeds. But genes affected by selection from these pathways were mostly different. A Yakut cattle breed-specific missense mutation, H100Q, in a highly conservedNRAPgene, represents a unique example of a young amino acid residue convergent change shared with at least 16 species of hibernating/cold-adapted mammals from nine distinct phylogenetic orders. This suggests a convergent evolution event along the mammalian phylogenetic tree and fast fixation in a single isolated cattle population exposed to a harsh climate.
CellMAPtracer: A user-friendly tracking tool for long-term migratory and proliferating cells
Authors: Ghannoum Salim , Antos Kamil , Netto Waldir Leoncio , Köhn-Luque Alvaro , Farhan Hesso 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundCell migration is a fundamental cell biological process of key importance in health and disease. Advances in imaging techniques have paved the way to monitor cells motility. An ever-growing collection of computational tools to track cells has improved our ability to analyze moving cells. However, few if any tools let the user supervise and correct cell tracks that are automatically detected. Thus, we developed CellMAPtracer, a tool to track cells in a semi-automated supervised fashion, thereby improving the accuracy and facilitating the long term tracking of migratory and dividing cells. CellMAPtracer is available with a user-friendly graphical user interface and does not require any coding or programming skills.ResultsWe used CellMAPtracer to track fluorescently-labelled BT549 breast cancer cells. It allowed us to track dividing cells and determine the fate of the daughter cells with respect to migration speed or directionality and cell cycle length. Of note, we were able to track multi-daughter divisions, wherein a cell divides and gives rise to more than two cells. We also identified a not previously described speed change in the terminal phase of the cell cycle.ConclusionCellMAPtracer is a software tool for tracking cell migration and proliferation through a user-friendly interface that has a great potential to facilitate new discoveries in cell biology.
Emerin regulation of nuclear stiffness is required for fast amoeboid migration in confined environments
Authors: Lavenus Sandrine B. , Vosatka Karl W. , Caruso Alexa P. , Ullo Maria F. , Khan Ayesha , Logue Jeremy S. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWhen metastasizing, tumor cells must traverse environments with diverse physicochemical properties. Recently, the cell nucleus has emerged as a major regulator of the transition from mesenchymal to fast amoeboid (leader bleb-based) migration. Here, in melanoma cells, we demonstrate that increasing nuclear stiffness through elevating Lamin A, inhibits fast amoeboid migration. Importantly, nuclei may respond to force through stiffening. A key factor in this process is the inner nuclear membrane (INM) protein, emerin. Accordingly, we determined the role of emerin in regulating fast amoeboid migration. Strikingly, we found that both the up- and down-regulation of emerin results in an inhibition of fast amoeboid migration. However, when key Src phosphorylation sites were removed, up-regulation of emerin no longer inhibited fast amoeboid migration. Interestingly, in confined cells, Src activity was low, as measured by a Src biosensor. Thus, the fast amoeboid migration of melanoma cells depends on the precise calibration of emerin activity.Summary StatementIn mechanically constrictive microenvironments, amoeboid migrating melanoma cells require emerin for the precise calibration of nuclear stiffness.
Large field-of-view scanning small-angle X-ray scattering of mammalian cells
Authors: Cassini Chiara , Wittmeier Andrew , Brehm Gerrit , Denz Manuela , Burghammer Manfred , Köster Sarah 
Published: June 2020

X-ray imaging is a complementary method to electron and fluorescence microscopy for studying biological cells. In particular, scanning small-angle X-ray scattering provides overview images of whole cells in real space as well as local, high-resolution reciprocal space information, rendering it suitable to investigate subcellular nanostructures in unsliced cells. One persisting challenge in cell studies is achieving high throughput in reasonable times. To this end, a fast scanning mode is used to image hundreds of cells in a single scan. A way of dealing with the vast amount of data thus collected is suggested, including a segmentation procedure and three complementary kinds of analysis,i.e.characterization of the cell population as a whole, of single cells and of different parts of the same cell. The results show that short exposure times, which enable faster scans and reduce radiation damage, still yield information in agreement with longer exposure times.
An empirical study on the correlation between university discipline and industrial structure in the Guangdong, Hong Kong, and Macao greater bay area
Authors: Ma Jinyuan , Zhu Kejin , Cao Yi , Chen Qiongqiong , Cheng Xuesen 
Published: June 2020

PurposeThis paper examines the correlation between university discipline and industrial structure in the context of the integration and development of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Greater Bay Area (hereinafter the Greater Bay Area). It aims to determine the industrial structure deviation, and further identify human resource shortages and complementarity through the lens of the university discipline layout in the three regions of the Greater Bay Area, namely, the nine mainland Guangdong cities in the Pearl River Delta, Hong Kong, and Macau.Design/methodology/approachThe paper takes a quantitative Pearson correlation approach to determine the magnitude and strength of the relationship between regional university discipline and industrial structure in the Greater Bay Area, using predictor variables of percentage of compositions of GDP by sector to manifest the industrial structure and criterion variables of percentage of compositions of university enrollments by an academic program to represent the university discipline layout.FindingsThe most significant empirical result suggests that industrial structure deviation exists in the secondary industries of both Guangdong and Hong Kong. This indicates the complementarity between regions of the Greater Bay Area: the number of science and engineering talents graduating from the universities in Hong Kong exceeds the demands of Hong Kong’s local needs, while the science and engineering talents cultivated by universities in Guangdong cannot satisfy the needs of its secondary industries. However, the cities of Guangdong are not the primary choice of most Hong Kong graduates (Zhaopin, 2019).Originality/valueThere have been previous empirical studies dealing with the correlation between Chinese higher education discipline layout and industrial structure at the national level. There have been more case analyses at the provincial level, and some studies have used a comparative lens to find implications for the Chinese transformation. However, few studies have examined the correlation between higher education discipline layout and industrial structure in the context of the Greater Bay Area, with its emphasis on regional synergy and the distinction of “one country, two systems, and three tariff zones.” Based on its empirical findings, this study calls for a talent ecosystem that is beneficial for talent flow, talent sharing, and talent cultivation in a complementary manner.
FEM-CBS algorithm for convective transport of nanofluids in inclined enclosures filled with anisotropic non-Darcy porous media using LTNEM
Authors: Ahmed Sameh Elsayed 
Published: June 2020

Purpose
The Galerkin finite element method (FEM) based on the characteristic-based split (CBS) scheme is applied to simulate the nanofluid flow and thermal fields inside an inclined geometry filled by a heat-generating hydrodynamically and thermally anisotropic non-Darcy porous medium using the local thermal non-equilibrium model (LTNEM). Property of the hydrodynamic anisotropy is taken in both the Forchheimer coefficient and permeability and these tools are considered as functions of inclination of the principal axes. Also, the thermal conductivity for the porous phase is assumed to be anisotropic.

Design/methodology/approach
The Galerkin FEM based on the CBS scheme is applied to solve the partial differential equations governing the flow and thermal fields.

Findings
It is noted that the net rate of the heat transfer between the nanofluid and solid phases are influenced by variations of the anisotropic properties. Also, the system is reached to the thermal equilibrium state at H > 100. Further, the maximum nanofluid temperature is reduced by 12.27% when the nanoparticles volume fraction is varied from 0% to 4%.

Originality/value
This paper aims to study the nanofluid flow and heat transfer characteristics inside an inclined enclosure filled with a heat-generating, hydrodynamically and thermally anisotropic porous medium using the CBS scheme. The LTNEM is considered between the nanofluid and porous phases while the local thermal equilibrium model (LTEM) between the base fluid (water) and the nanoparticles (alumina) is taken into account. The Galerkin FEM is introduced to discretize the governing system of equations. Also, examine influences of the anisotropic properties (permeability, Forchheimer terms and thermal conductivity of the porous medium), inclination angle and nanoparticles volume fraction on the net rate of the heat transfer between the nanofluid and porous phases and on the local thermal non-equilibrium state is one of the concerns of this paper.
Women’s career advancement in hotels: the mediating role of organizational commitment
Authors: Liu Ting , Shen Huawen , Gao Jie 
Published: June 2020

PurposeThis study aims to uncover women’s career advancement (CA) in the hospitality industry, by examining the influence of female employees’ career expectation (CE) and work–family balance (WFB). It also investigated the extent to which organizational commitment (OC) mediates the relationships among women’s CE, WFB and CA.Design/methodology/approachA questionnaire was used to collect data. The data were collected from 525 hotel female employees in China. A structural equation model was conducted with all of the data to test the relationships between the constructs. The individual measurement model was tested using the exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. A structural model was estimated using analysis of moment structures to test all the hypotheses.FindingsThe results showed that women’s CE and WFB positively influenced their OC and CA. Women’s organizational commitment also positively influenced their CA. The results also confirmed that the indirect effect of CE and WFB on CA was mediated by OC.Originality/valueThis study examines how the CE and work–family relationships of female employees in the hospitality industry affect their OC and their CA. The results help female employees to overcome the glass ceiling effect and achieve greater career success. This study seeks to expand the research on the CA of female hotel employees by identifying the factors that influence their CA.
Experimental study on shear behavior of hollow slab beam strengthened with pasting steel plates
Authors: Wang Jiawei , Liu Jinliang , Zhang Guanhua , Han Jigang 
Published: June 2020

PurposeConsidering the “size effect” and the properties degradation of building materials on the strengthened engineering, in this paper, the technology of pasting steel plate was adopted to shear strengthen a 16 m prestressed concrete hollow slab, which had serviced 20 years in cold regions. The shear properties of shear strengthen beams are analyzed.Design/methodology/approachShear loading test of the shear strengthened beam and the contrast beam was conducted. Then the mechanical characteristics, failure mechanism, the mechanical response and shear capacity of shear strengthened beam and contrast beam had been discussed.FindingsThe failure mode of shear strengthened beam and contrast beam was shear compression failure, and the bond failure between concrete and prestressed reinforcement happened in both of test beams. The shear strengthening method of pasting steel plate can effectively improve the mechanical response for the shear strengthened beam. Compared with the contrast beam, the cracking load and failure shear capacity for the shear strengthened beam can be effectively increased by 12.2 and 27.6%, respectively.Originality/valueThe research results can be a reference for the detection and evaluation of shear strengthened bridges, which are strengthened by pasting steel plate. Engineers can refer to the shear strengthening method in this paper to strengthen the existing bridge, which can guarantee the safety of shear strengthened bridges.
Leader self-enhancement values: curvilinear and congruence effects
Authors: Dust Scott , Rode Joseph , Wang Peng 
Published: June 2020

PurposeAssumptions regarding the effect of leader self-enhancement values on leader-follower relationships are oversimplified. To advance this conversation, we test non-linear and congruence effects. We hypothesize that leader self-enhancement values (via prestige) have an inverted U-shaped relationship with employee perceptions of leader-member exchange (LMX) and leader interpersonal justice, and that leader-follower incongruence is negatively related to LMX and interpersonal justice.Design/methodology/approachTo evaluate our hypotheses we use hierarchical regression, polynomial regression, and surface plot analysis. Our sample consists of 193 leader-follower dyads from a variety of organizations.FindingsLMX and interpersonal justice increase as leader self-enhancement increases, but begin to decrease at higher levels of self-enhancement values. Additionally, leader-follower self-enhancement incongruence is negatively related to interpersonal justice. Finally, LMX is lowest when leaders are higher than followers in self-enhancement values compared to when followers are higher than leaders.Practical implicationsIt is critical to evaluate the level of leader self-enhancement values and/or the joint influence of the follower values (self-enhancement) to fully understand the effect of leader values on follower perceptions of the dyadic relationship. Organizations interested in facilitating high-quality leader-follower relationships should focus on the levels of the values and on mechanisms that facilitate leader-follower value alignment.Originality/valueThis work extends prior research assuming a direct, linear effect of leader self-enhancement values on follower outcomes. To fully understand the influence of leader values it is important to consider curvilinear and congruence effects.
Design research in the practice of memory place-making
Authors: Tang Zixin , Lu Andong , Yang Yue 
Published: June 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the possibility that design research involving a series of actions is an appropriate approach to memory place-making. It tries to explore how memory expressed in public space and how memory place becomes an agency system and re-organize fragments of memory in practice specifically.

Design/methodology/approach
Taking the memory project of Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge (NYRB) as an example of design research and re-establishing new cognitions of contemporary memory place-making through the elaboration and analysis of the design process of a series of teaching, exhibition and public participatory activities.

Findings
Design research is oriented towards multi-discipline campaigns of agency and actions and acts as thinking patterns and integration mechanisms, so that the memory place-making can be incorporated into the scope of planning and design. This paper suggests that contemporary memory place-making should pay more attention to the spiritual experience of individual participation and the identity relations behind these emotional memories. On one hand, social bonds are established between people and have involved more public participation. On the other hand, multiple resources are integrated through a series of practical activities and design research, and the memory place becomes a catalyst for individual memory, emotions and communication thus redefining memory place-making.

Social implications
NYRB is a controversial mid-20th century national monument. In the social context of contemporary China, design research has helped to redefine and shape this national icon into a contemporary memory place where people can share memories of the bridge.

Originality/value
It is project-based in the sense of adding the dimension of memory to the practice of place-making through design research.
What’s in the brain for us: a systematic literature review of neuroeconomics and neurofinance
Authors: Srivastava Mrinalini , Sharma Gagan Deep , Srivastava Achal Kumar , Kumaran S. Senthil 
Published: June 2020

PurposeNeuroeconomics and neurofinance are emerging as intriguing fields of research, despite sharing ambiguity with the concepts of neuroscience. The relationship among the concepts of economics, finance and neuroscience is not explicitly defined in the past literature, which distorts the use of neuroeconomics and neurofinance approaches in real-world practice for financial decision-making. The purpose of this paper is to consolidate the literature in the field of neuroeconomics and neurofinance to set up the research agenda for the upcoming scholarship in the field.Design/methodology/approachThe purpose of this paper is to consolidates the extant literature in the fields of neuroeconomics and neurofinance by conducting an extensive systematic literature review to investigate the current state and define the relationship between economics, finance and neuroscience.FindingsThis paper identifies and explains the explicit relationship between different sub-fields of neuroscience with neuroeconomics and neurofinance and providing instances for future research studies.Originality/valueThe exclusive and extensive literature survey in the form of systematic literature review is undertaken for understanding the fields of neuroeconomics and neurofinance and is the key highlight of this paper. Another, interesting fact lies with matching the literature in neuroeconomics and neurofinance with further sub-fields of neuroscience such as neurophysiology, neuroanatomy, molecular neuroscience and cognitive neuroscience.
Comparative studies of glial fibrillary acidic protein and brain‐derived neurotrophic factor expression in two transgenic mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Edwards Stephen R. , Khan Nemat , Coulson Elizabeth J. , Smith Maree T. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn Alzheimer’s disease (AD) glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is expressed by reactive astrocytes surrounding β‐amyloid (Aβ) plaques, whereas brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels are typically reduced. We compared the expression of GFAP, BDNF, and its precursor proBDNF in the dorsal hippocampus of two transgenic AD mouse models. APPSwe YAC mice expressing the APPSwe transgene on a yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) were assessed at age 4 and 21 months, and APPSwe/PS1dE9 mice co‐expressing mutant amyloid precursor protein (APPSwe) and presenilin‐1 (PS1dE9) were assessed at age 4 and 9 months. Significantly increased (1.4‐fold) GFAP expression was observed in APPSwe YAC c.f. wild‐type (Wt) mice aged 21 months, when Aβ deposition was first evident in these mice. In APPSwe/PS1dE9 mice aged 4 and 9 months, GFAP expression was significantly increased (1.6‐ and 3.1‐fold, respectively) c.f. Wt mice, and was associated with robust Aβ deposition at 9 months. BDNF expression was significantly lower in 4‐ and 21‐month old APPSwe YAC mice (0.8‐ and 0.6‐fold, respectively) c.f. age‐matched Wt mice, whereas proBDNF expression was significantly higher (10‐fold) in the APPSwe YAC c.f. Wt mice aged 21 months. In APPSwe/PS1dE9 mice aged 4 months, BDNF expression was significantly lower (0.4‐fold) c.f. age‐matched Wt mice and was equivalent to that in 9‐month old mice of both genotypes; proBDNF expression mirrored that of BDNF in this strain. These findings support a role for reactive astrocytes and neuroinflammation, rather than BDNF, in the spatial memory deficits previously reported for APPSwe YAC and APPSwe/PS1dE9 mice.
Assessment of an online piloted module targeted toward home‐based food operators in Iowa
Authors: Temen Tarah , Jaramillo Cherrez Nadia , Coleman Shannon 
Published: June 2020

AbstractUnderstanding safe food practice is important for home‐based food operators to prevent foodborne illness. Earlier work has found that home‐based food operators lack food safety knowledge and may benefit from training that is specifically tailored to their needs. Unfortunately, home‐based food operators may be deterred from enrolling in traditional educational formats due to their busy schedules. The objective of this study was to pilot and evaluate the effectiveness of an online food safety education module for home‐based food operators in Iowa through three learning assessments. Twenty‐one participants enrolled in a blended workshop in which participants completed one online module before attending a face‐to‐face session where they completed the remaining five modules. The effectiveness of the online module was measured by examining the first‐attempt average scores on learning assessments, the number of assessment attempts required to achieve 100%, and the first‐attempt performance by question type. The three learning assessment tools resulted in first‐attempt averages of approximately 86%, 90%, and 83%, surpassing our standard of effectiveness of 75% and showing good potential for the online format. The learning assessment attempt numbers of 4.65, 1.67, and 3.81 showed difficulty with knowledge transfer for some topics. Comprehension and analysis‐style questions had first‐attempt success rates of approximately 85% and 88%, respectively. Scores on knowledge and application‐style questions were lower with first‐attempt success rates of approximately 80% and 75%, respectively. These findings were used to improve the first online module and guide the transition of the remaining five modules to the online format.