bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An overview of the first 5 years of the ENIGMA obsessive–compulsive disorder working group: The power of worldwide collaboration
Authors: van den Heuvel Odile A. , Boedhoe Premika S.W. , Bertolin Sara , Bruin Willem B. , Francks Clyde , Ivanov Iliyan , Jahanshad Neda , Kong Xiang‐Zhen , Kwon Jun Soo , O'Neill Joseph , Paus Tomas , Patel Yash , Piras Fabrizio , Schmaal Lianne , Soriano‐Mas Carles , Spalletta Gianfranco , van Wingen Guido A. , Yun Je‐Yeon , Vriend Chris , Simpson H. Blair , van Rooij Daan , Hoexter Marcelo Q. , Hoogman Martine , Buitelaar Jan K. , Arnold Paul , Beucke Jan C. , Benedetti Francesco , Bollettini Irene , Bose Anushree , Brennan Brian P. , De Nadai Alessandro S. , Fitzgerald Kate , Gruner Patricia , Grünblatt Edna , Hirano Yoshiyuki , Huyser Chaim , James Anthony , Koch Kathrin , Kvale Gerd , Lazaro Luisa , Lochner Christine , Marsh Rachel , Mataix‐Cols David , Morgado Pedro , Nakamae Takashi , Nakao Tomohiro , Narayanaswamy Janardhanan C. , Nurmi Erika , Pittenger Christopher , Reddy Y.C. Janardhan , Sato João R. , Soreni Noam , Stewart S. Evelyn , Taylor Stephan F. , Tolin David , Thomopoulos Sophia I. , Veltman Dick J. , Venkatasubramanian Ganesan , Walitza Susanne , Wang Zhen , Thompson Paul M. , Stein Dan J. ,   ENIGMA‐OCD working group
Published: March 2020

AbstractNeuroimaging has played an important part in advancing our understanding of the neurobiology of obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD). At the same time, neuroimaging studies of OCD have had notable limitations, including reliance on relatively small samples. International collaborative efforts to increase statistical power by combining samples from across sites have been bolstered by the ENIGMA consortium; this provides specific technical expertise for conducting multi‐site analyses, as well as access to a collaborative community of neuroimaging scientists. In this article, we outline the background to, development of, and initial findings from ENIGMA's OCD working group, which currently consists of 47 samples from 34 institutes in 15 countries on 5 continents, with a total sample of 2,323 OCD patients and 2,325 healthy controls. Initial work has focused on studies of cortical thickness and subcortical volumes, structural connectivity, and brain lateralization in children, adolescents and adults with OCD, also including the study on the commonalities and distinctions across different neurodevelopment disorders. Additional work is ongoing, employing machine learning techniques. Findings to date have contributed to the development of neurobiological models of OCD, have provided an important model of global scientific collaboration, and have had a number of clinical implications. Importantly, our work has shed new light on questions about whether structural and functional alterations found in OCD reflect neurodevelopmental changes, effects of the disease process, or medication impacts. We conclude with a summary of ongoing work by ENIGMA‐OCD, and a consideration of future directions for neuroimaging research on OCD within and beyond ENIGMA.
miR‐210 Participates in Hepatic Ischemia Reperfusion Injury by Forming a Negative Feedback Loop With SMAD4
Authors: Pan Wen‐Ming , Wang Hui , Zhang Xiao‐Fei , Xu Peng , Wang Guo‐Liang , Li Yi‐Jing , Huang Kun‐Peng , Zhang Yun‐Wei , Zhao Huan , Du Run‐Lei , Huang Hai , Zhang Xiao‐Dong , Zhang Jin‐Xiang 
Published: March 2020

Background and Aims
Hepatic ischemia‐reperfusion (IR) injury is a major complication of liver transplantation, resection, and hemorrhagic shock. Hypoxia is a key pathological event associated with IR injury. MicroRNA‐210 (miR‐210) has been characterized as a micromanager of hypoxia pathway. However, its function and mechanism in hepatic IR injury is unknown.

Approach and Results
In this study, we found miR‐210 was induced in liver tissues from patients subjected to IR‐related surgeries. In a murine model of hepatic IR, the level of miR‐210 was increased in hepatocytes but not in nonparenchymal cells. miR‐210 deficiency remarkably alleviated liver injury, cell inflammatory responses, and cell death in a mouse hepatic IR model. In vitro, inhibition of miR‐210 decreased hypoxia/reoxygenation (HR)–induced cell apoptosis of primary hepatocytes and LO2 cells, whereas overexpression of miR‐210 increased cells apoptosis during HR. Mechanistically, miR‐210 directly suppressed mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 4 (SMAD4) expression under normoxia and hypoxia condition by directly binding to the 3′ UTR of SMAD4. The pro‐apoptotic effect of miR‐210 was alleviated by SMAD4, whereas short hairpin SMAD4 abrogated the anti‐apoptotic role of miR‐210 inhibition in primary hepatocytes. Further studies demonstrated that hypoxia‐induced SMAD4 transported into nucleus, in which SMAD4 directly bound to the promoter of miR‐210 and transcriptionally induced miR‐210, thus forming a negative feedback loop with miR‐210.

Conclusions
Our study implicates a crucial role of miR‐210‐SMAD4 interaction in hepatic IR‐induced cell death and provides a promising therapeutic approach for liver IR injury.
Experimental analysis of the effects of porous wall on flame stability and temperature distribution in a premixed natural gas/air combustion
Authors: Hashemi Seyed Abdolmehdi , Alsulaiei Zaher Mohammed Abed , Mollamahdi Mahdi 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn the present analysis, the flame stabilization and temperature distribution within a premixed burner contain porous wall are studied experimentally. The effects of inner diameter, length, and pore density of the porous wall, thermal load, equivalence ratio, and the inlet velocity of the fuel‐air mixture on these are studied. The fuel used in this study is natural gas and the porous wall is SiC (silicon carbide) ceramic foam. The experimental results clearly indicate that the axial temperature along the porous wall increases when the inner diameter of the porous wall decreases and its length increases. The porous wall temperature with an inner diameter of 40 mm, length of 66 mm, and pore density of 30 PPI (pores per inch) has the highest temperature among the examined states. The results of studying the effect of the porous wall on flame stability show that the flame stability limit has a direct relationship with the length and pore density of porous wall and an inverse relationship with the inner diameter of the porous wall. Also, it is found that the porous wall has the highest temperature causes the maximum flame stability limit.
Hall and ion slip effects on MHD laminar flow of an elastico‐viscous (Walter's‐B) fluid
Authors: Veera Krishna M. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWe investigated the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) laminar flow of an elastico‐viscous electrically conducting (Walter's‐B) fluid through a circular cylinder or pipe, loosely packed with a porous material subjected to Hall and ion‐slip effects. The innovation of the study is to consider the entire flow domain without boundary layer approximation in the governing equations. Fully developed solutions of the velocity and pressure drop are obtained making use of perturbation approximation and computationally discussed with reference to flow governing parameters. It is quite exciting that the elastic parameter almost reduces the speed of the liquid in the center of the channel and then continuously expands into the cylinder. For engineering interest, we found the analytical solution and then computationally discussed for skin friction. The occurrence of a magnetic field and a porous matrix gives a fairly uneven flow between the pipes. Elasticity and suction are resistant to experience greater skin friction and are therefore useful for controlling flow separation. A porch has been made to include studies of non‐Newtonian fluids with Hall and ion‐slip effects due to the vast number of possible engineering applications, like power generators, MHD accelerators, refrigeration coils, electric transformers, and heating elements.
Changes in muscle power after usual care or early structured exercise intervention in acutely hospitalized older adults
Authors: Sáez de Asteasu Mikel L. , Martínez‐Velilla Nicolás , Zambom‐Ferraresi Fabricio , Ramírez‐Vélez Robinson , García‐Hermoso Antonio , Cadore Eduardo L. , Casas‐Herrero Álvaro , Galbete Arkaitz , Izquierdo Mikel 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundA classic consequence of short‐term bed rest in older adults is the significant loss in skeletal muscle mass and muscle strength that underlies the accelerated physical performance deficits. Structured exercise programmes applied during acute hospitalization can prevent muscle function deterioration.MethodsA single‐blind randomized clinical trial conducted in an acute care for elders unit in a tertiary public hospital in Navarre (Spain). Three hundred seventy hospitalized patients [56.5% female patients; mean age (standard deviation) 87.3 (4.9) years] were randomly allocated to an exercise intervention (n = 185) or a control (n = 185) group (usual care). The intervention consisted of a multicomponent exercise training programme performed during 5–7 consecutive days (2 sessions/day). The usual‐care group received habitual hospital care, which included physical rehabilitation when needed. The main endpoints were change in maximal dynamic strength (i.e. leg‐press, chest‐press, and knee extension exercises) and maximal isometric knee extensors and hip flexors strength from baseline to discharge. Changes in muscle power output at submaximal and maximal loads were also measured after the intervention.ResultsThe physical exercise programme provided significant benefits over usual care. At discharge, the exercise group showed a mean increase of 19.6 kg [95% confidence interval (CI), 16.0, 23.2; P < 0.001] on the one‐repetition maximum (1RM) in the leg‐press exercise, 5.7 kg (95% CI, 4.7, 6.8; P < 0.001) on the 1RM in the chest‐press exercise, and 9.4 kg (95% CI, 7.3, 11.5; P < 0.001) on the 1RM in the knee extension exercise over usual‐care group. There were improvements in the intervention group also in the isometric maximal knee extension strength [14.8 Newtons (N); 95% CI, 11.2, 18.5 vs. −7.8 N; 95% CI, −11.0, −3.5 in the control group; P < 0.001] and the hip flexion strength (13.6 N; 95% CI, 10.7, 16.5 vs. −7.2 N; 95% CI, −10.1, −4.3; P < 0.001). Significant benefits were also observed in the exercise group for the muscle power output at submaximal loads (i.e. 30% 1RM, 45% 1RM, 60% 1RM, and 75% 1RM; all P < 0.001) over usual‐care group.ConclusionsAn individualized, multicomponent exercise training programme, with special emphasis on muscle power training, proved to be an effective therapy for improving muscle power output of lower limbs at submaximal loads and maximal muscle strength in older patients during acute hospitalization.
National trends in HIV pre‐exposure prophylaxis awareness, willingness and use among United States men who have sex with men recruited online, 2013 through 2017
Authors: Sullivan Patrick S , Sanchez Travis H , Zlotorzynska Maria , Chandler Cristian J , Sineath RC , Kahle Erin , Tregear Stephen 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIntroductionPre‐exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a key HIV prevention technology, and is a pillar of a comprehensive HIV prevention approach for men who have sex with men (MSM). Because there have been no national data to characterize trends in the PrEP continuum in the United States, overall and for key demographic groups of MSM, we aimed to describe the extent to which PrEP awareness, willingness and use changed over time, overall and for specific groups of MSM critical for HIV prevention (e.g. Black and Hispanic MSM, younger MSM, MSM in rural areas and MSM without health coverage).MethodsThe American Men's Internet Survey (AMIS) is an annual survey of US MSM conducted in the United States among MSM aged ≥15 years since 2013. We analysed data on trends in elements of the PrEP continuum (awareness, willingness and use of PrEP) in a sample of 37,476 HIV‐negative/unknown status MSM from December 2013 through November 2017. We evaluated trends in continuum steps overall and among demographic subgroups using Poisson models with Generalized Estimating Equations. For 2017 data, we used logistic regression to compare the prevalence of PrEP use among demographic groups.ResultsOverall, 51.4% (n = 19,244) of AMIS respondents were PrEP‐eligible across study years. Between 2013 and 2017, PrEP awareness increased from 47.4% to 80.6% willingness to use PrEP increased from 43.9% to 59.5% and PrEP use in the past 12 months increased from 1.7% to 19.9%. In 2017, use of PrEP was lower for men who were younger, lived outside of urban areas, and lacked health insurance; PrEP use was not different among Black, Hispanic and white MSM.ConclusionsOur data show progress in use of PrEP among US MSM, but also reveal mismatches between PrEP use and epidemic need. We call for additional support of PrEP initiation, especially among young, non‐urban and uninsured MSM. Black and Hispanic MSM report levels of PrEP use no different from white MSM, but given higher HIV incidence for Black and Hispanic MSM, parity in use is not sufficient for epidemic control or health equity.
Fidelity of global climate models in representing the horizontal water vapour transport
Authors: Hari Vittal , Villarini Gabriele , Zhang Wei 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe horizontal water vapour transport (IVT) is one of the key variables connected to precipitation extremes and floods, especially in the mid‐latitudinal countries, and represents a key link between water sources and sink regions. Because of its significant impacts, great efforts have been made to examine IVT and its projected changes in response to changes to the climate system, leveraging outputs from global climate models (GCMs). However, to gain more confidence in the projections, it is important to evaluate how well the GCMs can reproduce the historical past. Here, we assess how well 10 GCMs archived in the Climate Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 can reproduce the spatial and temporal patterns of the mean and 85th percentile of the IVT distribution. Analyses are performed at the global scale using outputs at the 6‐hourly resolution, and four different reanalysis products as reference. We find that the results from the GCMs are in good agreement with the reanalyses in terms of the IVT climatology; however, the GCMs fail to capture the trends in IVT, with almost all the models showing a negative correlation with the reanalysis data for both the mean and the 85th percentile. We also extend our analyses to the daily time scale, reaching the same conclusions drawn for the 6‐hourly resolution. These results further highlight the need for a careful evaluation of the GCM outputs in reproducing the observed IVT distribution.
Usefulness of Ultrasound in the Diagnosis of Intestinal Anisakiasis
Authors: Ripollés Tomás , López‐Calderón Luis E. , Martínez‐Pérez María J. , Salvador Jaime , Vizuete José , Vila Rocío 
Published: March 2020

ObjectivesTo evaluate the ultrasound (US) findings of gastrointestinal anisakiasis and the utility of US in its early diagnosis.MethodsWe retrospectively assessed the imaging findings and clinical data of 21 patients with gastrointestinal anisakiasis. Diagnosis was confirmed by a positive antigen (n = 16), endoscopy (n = 2), or a compatible clinical presentation, physical examination, and history of raw fish consumption (n = 3). Ultrasound findings reviewed included segmental circumferential bowel wall thickening, segmental edema of the valvulae conniventes, dilated small bowel loops with hyperperistalsis or hypoperistalsis, free fluid, and color Doppler hyperemia.ResultsSegmental circumferential bowel wall thickening was present in all 21 patients, whereas segmental edema of the valvulae conniventes was visualized in 13 patients, moderately dilated small‐bowel loops proximal to the affected segment with increased peristalsis in 14 patients, small‐to‐moderate ascites in 18 patients, and color Doppler hyperemia in 7 patients. The US evaluation ruled out a surgical pathologic examination in all patients, and the diagnosis of anisakiasis was suggested by the radiologist on the basis of US findings in 12 patients.ConclusionsFamiliarity with the suggestive US presentation of intestinal anisakiasis may allow the radiologist to propose the diagnosis of this overlooked cause of abdominal pain and may also prompt an investigation of recent raw or lightly cooked seafood ingestion. Ultrasound findings of bowel wall thickening, especially segmental edema of the valvulae conniventes, hyperperistalsis, and dilatation of small‐bowel loops proximal to the affected segment, ascites, and color Doppler hyperemia, along with a history of raw fish ingestion should aid the radiologist in the diagnosis of anisakiasis.
Characterization and comparison of the bacterial microbiota in different gastrointestinal tract compartments of Mongolian horses
Authors: Su Shaofeng , Zhao Yiping , Liu Zongzheng , Liu Guiqin , Du Ming , Wu Jing , Bai Dongyi , Li Bei , Bou Gerelchimeg , Zhang Xinzhuang , Dugarjaviin Manglai 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe intestinal microbiota plays an important role in the health and metabolism of the host. Next‐generation sequencing technology has enabled the characterization of the gut microbiota of several animal species. We analyzed the intestinal microbiota in six different parts of the gastrointestinal tracts (GITs) of five Mongolian horses by sequencing the 16S rRNA gene V3‐V4 hypervariable region. All horses were kept in the natural habitat of the Inner Mongolia grassland. Significant differences were observed among the microbiota compositions of the distinct GIT regions. In addition, while the microbial community structures of the small and large intestine were significantly different, those of the cecum and colon were similar. In the foregut, Firmicutes (65%) and Proteobacteria (23%) were the most abundant, while Firmicutes (45%) and Bacteroidetes (42%) were the most common in the hindgut. At the level of family, Ruminococcaceae (p = .203), Lachnospiraceae (p = .157), Rikenellaceae (p = .122), and Prevotellaceae (p = .068) were predominant in the hindgut, while the relative abundance of the Akkermansia genus (5.7%, p = .039) was higher in the ventral colon. In terms of the putative functions, the ratio of microbial abundance in the different parts of the GIT was similar, the result can help characterize the gut microbial structure of different animals.
Projection‐based 3D/2D registration for prospective motion correction
Authors: Avventi Enrico , Ryden Henric , Norbeck Ola , Berglund Johan , Sprenger Tim , Skare Stefan 
Published: March 2020

PurposeTo develop a registration method that is capable of estimating the full range of rigid body motion from three orthogonal collapsed images of the head. These images can be obtained using the collapsed FatNav, a previously introduced navigator for prospective motion correction. It combines a short duration with wide compatibility with different main sequences due to its robustness against spin history effects.Theory and MethodsA projection‐based 3D/2D registration method is presented and then modified to take into account the peculiarities of the collapsed FatNav. Water/fat separated volumes were used in simulations to assess the accuracy of the proposed method at different resolutions by comparison with high‐resolution 3D registration. The sensitivity with respect to masking strategies and starting motion parameters was investigated. Finally, prospective experiments with a healthy volunteer were performed with different types of motion patterns. A PROPELLER main sequence was chosen to compare the prospective correction with PROPELLER’s own retrospective correction.ResultsIn the simulations the proposed method has shown comparable performance to 3D registration. Furthermore, evidence of its robustness with respect to masking strategies and starting motion parameters was presented. The combination with collapsed FatNav has performed well in correcting most of the motion artifacts prospectively with improved image quality compared to only using PROPELLER’s retrospective motion correction.ConclusionsThe proposed 3D/2D registration together with collapsed FatNav is characterized by a good balance between navigator duration and estimate accuracy. Further work is needed to validate the method across a wider variety of subject anatomies.
Nursing care for older patients with pressure ulcers: A qualitative study
Authors: Lindhardt Christina Louise , Beck Sanne Have , Ryg Jesper 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAimTo explore the experience and perception of pressure ulcers in a group of nurses caring for older patients.DesignA qualitative study based on interviews with (N = 6) nurses working with older patients.MethodA qualitative approach was applied using thematic analysis influenced by Braun and Clarke.ResultsThe findings comprised one main theme “Prevention of pressure ulcers is important” and four sub‐themes “Nursing resources on the ward,” “Basic nursing skills—lift the duvet,” “Introduction of new nurses on the ward—bedside teaching” and “Missing articulation of pressure ulcers.” Bedside teaching and experienced nurses may create a culture on the ward where basic nursing skills and observations are articulated.
Association of personality profiles with coping and adjustment to cancer among patients undergoing chemotherapy
Authors: Langford Dale J. , Morgan Stefana , Cooper Bruce , Paul Steven , Kober Kord , Wright Fay , Hammer Marilyn J. , Conley Yvette P. , Levine Jon D. , Miaskowski Christine , Dunn Laura B. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractObjectiveSpecific personality traits are associated with differential use of various coping strategies. Few studies have examined the relationship between personality and coping in oncology patients undergoing chemotherapy. We, therefore, examined the relationship between previously identified personality profiles (ie, Distressed [14.3% of total sample], Normative [53.8%], Resilient [31.9%]) and measures of coping and adjustment.MethodsPatients (n = 1248) undergoing chemotherapy for breast, gastrointestinal, gynecological, or lung cancer completed measures of personality (NEO‐Five Factor Inventory), coping (Brief COPE), and psychological adjustment to cancer (Mental Adjustment to Cancer [MAC] scale). Differences in coping and adjustment among the three personality profiles were evaluated using analysis of variance.ResultsOn the Brief COPE, the Distressed class endorsed lower use of Active Coping, Positive Reframing, Acceptance, Emotional Support (ie, “engagement” coping); and greater use of Denial, Venting, Behavioral Disengagement, Self‐Blame (ie, “disengagement” coping) compared to the Normative and Resilient classes. On the MAC scale, the Distressed class scored higher on Anxious Preoccupation, Helplessness/Hopelessness, Fatalism, and Avoidance, and lower on Fighting Spirit, compared to the other two classes.ConclusionsIn this sample of oncology patients receiving chemotherapy, patients in the Distressed personality class showed a reduced repertoire of adaptive coping strategies, while those in the Resilient class reported greater use of adaptive or engagement coping strategies. Further work should examine the potential mediating or moderating role of coping and adjustment in the relationships between personality and patient outcomes. Interventions to enhance beneficial and reduce harmful coping strategies in cancer patients should be evaluated.