bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mortality in Belgium from nineteenth century to today
Authors: Eggerickx Thierry , Sanderson Jean-Paul , Vandeschrick Christophe 
Published: May 2020

Résumé
Cet article dresse une synthèse de l’évolution de la mortalité en Belgique du 19ème siècle à nos jours en mettant l’accent sur les inégalités socio-démographiques et spatiales. Il se base sur une revue de la littérature et exploite les données de la Human Mortality Database (HMD) pour les analyses consacrées à l’évolution de la mortalité selon l’âge et le sexe depuis le début du 19ème siècle. L’appariement des données du Registre national, des recensements de la population et des bulletins de décès de l’état-civil est mobilisé pour les analyses plus récentes (1991-2015). En Belgique, la durée moyenne de vie dépasse aujourd’hui 80 ans, soit deux fois plus qu’il y a 170 ans. Mais, comme dans d’autres pays occidentaux, des inégalités subsistent et parfois même se renforcent. Ainsi, les inégalités entre groupes sociaux face à la mort sont importantes et elles se sont accentuées depuis le début des années 1990, au moins. Ces différences sociales s’observent pour toutes les causes de décès et à tous les âges, chez les femmes comme chez les hommes. Les disparités spatiales de mortalité, à l’échelle des régions, des arrondissements et des milieux de résidence se sont également accrues depuis au moins un quart de siècle. De plus, à même groupe social, les disparités spatiales de mortalité persistent. Cela signifie que des facteurs environnementaux, culturels, comportementaux agissent de la même manière sur la mortalité pour chacun des groupes sociaux.
Abstract
This article offers an overview of shifts in mortality in Belgium from the nineteenth century to the present, particularly in terms of sociodemographic and spatial disparities. It analyzes these shifts in mortality according to age and sex since the early nineteenth century, drawing from a review of the literature and using data from the Human Mortality Database (HMD). For the more recent analyses (1991-2015), data from the National Register, population censuses and official death records were matched up. In Belgium, the average life expectancy is now 80 years, twice as long as 170 years ago. As in other Western countries, however, disparities persist and sometimes even widen. There are thus major inequalities between social groups in regards to death, and these have been worsening since at least the early 1990s. These inequalities are apparent for each cause of death and ages at death, for women and for men. Spatial inequalities in mortality by region, district and residential area have also widened over at least the past quarter century. Even within similar social groups there are spatial disparities in mortality, indicating that environmental, cultural and behavioural factors affect mortality in the same way for each social group.
Cistinuria: sedimento de orina como herramienta diagnóstica
Authors: Pierna María , Abdelgabar Mohamed , Fernández-Rivas Raquel , Fernández-Burriel Miguel 
Published: May 2020

Resumen

Objetivos
Demostrar la importancia de la realización del estudio del sedimento urinario con la correcta interpretación y tipificación de los cristales como herramienta diagnóstica en el laboratorio clínico, así como de la elaboración de protocolos que determinen la necesidad de realizar este tipo de exámenes microscópicos de sedimento urinario de forma rutinaria.

Caso clínico
Se trata de un paciente varón de edad avanzada sin antecedentes personales ni familiares de interés. Se presenta con dolor fijo y sin irradiar de tres días de duración en fosa iliaca izquierda, siendo la primera que vez que padece episodios de dolor de este tipo. El sistemático de orina revela proteinuria, hematuria y el sedimento muestra abundantes cristales hexagonales y planos, típicos de cistina. El análisis de aminoácidos confirma el hallazgo encontrándose concentraciones elevadas de aminoácidos aminoácidos dibásicos y de cistina.

Conclusiónes
El estudio del sedimento urinario por parte del laboratorio clínico pone de manifiesto la presencia de un caso de cistinuria por la aparición en él de cristales patognomónicos de dicha patología en una edad avanzada y sin antecedentes previos. Este caso clínico tiene especial interés al demostrar la importancia del sedimento urinario como herramienta diagnóstica en la evaluación de una enfermedad genética, que se pone de manifiesto como un simple cólico nefrítico.
Influence of study model, baseline catalytic concentrations and analytical system on the stability of serum alanine aminotransferase
Authors: Bauça Josep Miquel , Caballero Andrea , Gómez Carolina , Martínez-Espartosa Débora , García del Pino Isabel , Puente Juan José , Llopis Maria Antonia , Marzana Itziar , Segovia Marta , Ibarz Mercedes , Ventura Montserrat , Salas Paloma , Gómez-Rioja Rubén 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Objectives
The stability of the analytes most commonly used in routine clinical practice has been the subject of intensive research, with varying and even conflicting results. Such is the case of alanine aminotransferase (ALT). The purpose of this study was to determine the stability of serum ALT according to different variables.

Methods
A multicentric study was conducted in eight laboratories using serum samples with known initial catalytic concentrations of ALT within four different ranges, namely: <50 U/L (<0.83 μkat/L), 50–200 U/L (0.83–3.33 μkat/L), 200–400 U/L (3.33–6.67 μkat/L) and >400 U/L (>6.67 μkat/L). Samples were stored for seven days at two different temperatures using four experimental models and four laboratory analytical platforms. The respective stability equations were calculated by linear regression. A multivariate model was used to assess the influence of different variables.

Results
Catalytic concentrations of ALT decreased gradually over time. Temperature (−4%/day at room temperature vs. −1%/day under refrigeration) and the analytical platform had a significant impact, with Architect (Abbott) showing the greatest instability. Initial catalytic concentrations of ALT only had a slight impact on stability, whereas the experimental model had no impact at all.

Conclusions
The constant decrease in serum ALT is reduced when refrigerated. Scarcely studied variables were found to have a significant impact on ALT stability. This observation, added to a considerable inter-individual variability, makes larger studies necessary for the definition of stability equations.
A variant of the gene HARS detected in the clinical exome: etiology of a peripheral neuropathy undiagnosed for 20 years
Authors: Lahoz Alonso Raquel , Sienes Bailo Paula , Capablo Liesa Jose Luis , Álvarez de Andrés Sara , Bancalero Flores Jose Luis , Izquierdo Álvarez Silvia 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Describe a case with axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) type 2W, a neurological disease characterized by peripheral neuropathy typically involving the lower limbs and causing gait alterations and distal sensory-motor impairment.

Case presentation
We report this case, where the application of massive genetic sequencing (NGS) with clinical exome in a molecular genetics laboratory enabled to detect the presence of candidate variants of the clinic of the patient.

Conclusions
The variant detected in HARS gene suggests that this variant could be causative of the symptoms of the patient, who went undiagnosed for 20 years and experienced an exacerbation of symptoms over time.
Preparation of magnetite-silica–cetyltrimethylammonium for phenol removal based on adsolubilization
Authors: Azmiyawati Choiril , Sawitri Endang , Siahaan Parsaoran , Darmawan Adi , Suyati Linda 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn this study, we successfully coated cetyltrimethylammonium–silica on
magnetite. The material produced is used to degrade phenol waste in the waters. The
effect of the addition of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) on the ability of
phenol adsorption was assessed through changes in CTAB concentration of 1, 5, and
10 mM. The results of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy explain that
CTAB has electrostatic interactions with the silica surface, which is induced by
opposite-loaded patches on the opposite surface of silica oxide. The results of the
vibrating sample magnetometer show that the magnetite that has been coated by
silica–CTA has magnetic properties that are weaker than the initial magnetite,
which indicates that the silica–CTA layer has blocked the magnetite. Based on
the measurement of the gas sorption analyzer, the largest pore size is in the
micro-mesh region, which is between 2 and 6 nm. All
magnetite-silica–cetyltrimethylammonium (MS–CTA) showed good adsorption
ability of phenol and correlated with the amount of loaded CTAB and admicelle density
of the adsorbent. The amount of phenol adsorbed increases proportionately with the
increasing density of CTAB admicelles. The maximum phenol adsorption capacity
(0.93 mg g−1 adsorbent) is achieved by
MS–CTA prepared at a CTAB concentration of 10 mM.
Tool for Simulating Branch and Bound Computations
Authors: Ignatov Andrei , Gorchakov Andrei 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe paper describes a simulator of parallel Branch and Bound (BnB) method. Several subdomain trees for benchmark functions are analyzed, a characteristic Gaussian-like distribution is discovered. An algorithm of artificial tree generation is formulated according to this criterion. The process of simulator modeling is described, several computational experiments are conducted. Their results show a hyperbolic decrease trend for modeled time as the number of computational units grows, which is concluded to be similar to real systems.
Equivalence of the existence of best proximity points and best proximity pairs for cyclic and noncyclic nonexpansive mappings
Authors: Gabeleh Moosa , Künzi Hans-Peter A. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn this study, at first we prove that the existence of best proximity points for
cyclic nonexpansive mappings is equivalent to the existence of best proximity pairs
for noncyclic nonexpansive mappings in the setting of strictly convex Banach spaces
by using the projection operator. In this way, we conclude that the main result of
the paper [Proximal normal structure and nonexpansive mappings,
Studia Math. 171 (2005), 283–293] immediately follows. We then
discuss the convergence of best proximity pairs for noncyclic contractions by
applying the convergence of iterative sequences for cyclic contractions and show that
the convergence method of a recent paper [Convergence of Picard's iteration
using projection algorithm for noncyclic contractions, Indag. Math.
30 (2019), no. 1, 227–239] is obtained exactly from
Picard’s iteration sequence.
Empirismo, conocimiento previo e inducción en Aristóteles, an. post. A 1
Authors: Mié Fabián 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
I reconstruct Aristotle's epistemology and scientific methodology avoiding some problems which, in my opinion, are attributed to them from inadequate interpretations in terms of foundationalism or coherentism. On the contrary, I credit Aristotle with a hybrid concept of empiricism in which our knowledge is made possible through the integration of two different but cooperative factors: observations and beliefs. By clarifying the implications of Aristotle's concept of experience and the basis for the elaboration of scientific knowledge, I try to give an alternative account of Aristotle's vindication of a positive use of dialectic in science, as well as to show that an integration between dialectical examination of beliefs and scientific analysis of facts is possible and it also gives a plausible methodological image of Aristotle's theory. According to my proposal, some opinions play a conceptual role in the empirical basis of knowledge. But, for Aristotle, this does not amount to any more than a kind of knowledge of the facts, not being equivalent to a scientific knowledge of the causes. Finally, I try to show that within this complex epistemological framework Aristotle's use of induction could also be given an adequate explanation.
Ancora su Timasagora epicureo
Authors: Verde Francesco 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The present contribution focuses on two testimonia regarding Timasagoras, who is generally regarded as an Epicurean dissident: Cicero, acad. ii 25, 80 and Aet. iv 13, 6, p. 403, 22 Diels. The two passages are remarkably different and the evidence from Cicero is far more complex. The context of the passage suggests that Cicero considers Timasagoras as an ``orthodox'' Epicurean. In order to shed light on Timasagoras' philosophical stance, it is necessary to examine briefly the notion of "Epicurean dissidence''. Timasagoras' position within the Epicurean tradition emerges as intrinsically ambiguous and problematic.
Self-motion according to Iamblichus
Authors: Opsomer Jan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Iamblichus' theory of self-motion has to be pieced together from various texts and passing remarks. Ever since Aristotle's critique, Plato's concept of the self-motive soul was felt to be problematic. Taking his lead from Plotinus, Iamblichus counters Aristotle's criticism by claiming that true self-motion transcends the opposition between activity and passivity. He moreover argues that it does not involve motion that is spatially extended. Hence it is non-physical. Primary self-motion is the reversion of the soul to itself, by which the soul constitutes itself, i.e. imparts life to itself. This motion is located at the level of essence or substance. The bestowal of life upon the body derives from this fundamental motion. As a result, animals are derivatively self-motive. Secondary self-motions are acts of thought in the broad sense. Contrary to the unmoved motion of intellect, the self-motion of the soul is not beyond time. This somehow fits Iamblichus' theory of the "changing self''. Iamblichus anticipates much of the later Platonic accounts of self-motion.
The Paradox of Change in Plato's Theaetetus. Part I. An Emendation of the Text (155b1-2) and the Origin of Error
Authors: O'Brien Denis 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The text of Theaetetus 155b1-2 as recorded in the manuscripts and printed in current editions of the dialogue is marked by a syntactical anomaly (ἀλλά postpositum) and a logical non sequitur (arbitrary transition from a copulative to an existential use of εἷναι and vice versa). Attempts at emendation by Proclus, Stephanus and Campbell have all been unsuccessful. To find the way back to Plato's original text, the reader will have to fight his way through a logical tangle (the result of a double negation) and abandon the modish, but erroneous, belief that there is no difference in ancient Greek between ``complete'' and ``incomplete'' uses of εἷναι.
La prescrizione nell'etica stoica. Un riesame
Authors: Alesse Francesca 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The article aims at clarifying the Stoic theory of ``prescription'', more specifically, the Stoic reflection about the method to formulate rules and directions for moral conduct. First, the possibility to provide particular precepts is considered in the frame of some major doctrines such as the equivalence between moral end and conformity to nature, the theory of the ``indifferents'', the partition of actions into katorthomata and kathekonta. Accordingly, both internal Stoic debate on the real value of particular precepts, and Hermagoras' classification of zetemata, are considered in order to bring up the impact of early Stoic prescriptive theory on late Hellenistic ethics. Special attention is paid to Seneca's evidence from Epistles 94 and 95 - in their relation to Hermagoras' teachings -, and Plutarch's text from De Stoic. rep., ch. 11, with regard to Chrysippus' theory of prescription.
L'apostasia del molteplice nel trattato Sui numeri di Plotino
Authors: Maggi Claudia 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The Treatise On Numbers develops a typical Plotinian inquiry about oneness and intelligible plurality, in which the analysis is based on the problem of the infinite inside the intelligible realm, as it seems to be presented in the socalled generation of numbers in Plato's Parmenides, where numbers are linked to Being, identified by Plotinus with the hypostasis of Intellect, and produce a process of unlimited division. In order to avoid this interpretation, Plotinus finds in other Plato's dialogues the proof that number is an eidetic nature, encompassing all the intelligible entities, so that the infinite has to be interpreted as what is produced by calculus. Other arguments are rather depending on the model of the Old Academy, concerning the relationship between forms and numbers: Plotinus wonders if numbers come ontologically before forms and indeed he states right this position. Other aspects of Plotinus' investigation, which can be traced back to the Old Academy, are the distinction between two kinds of numbers and the doctrine of the unified number. This model of number, quite ambiguous, may be identified with the indefinite dyad, even though the former has to be conceived, differently from that of Old Academy, within a mono-polar framework, according to which the sole principle is the One.
The Paradox of Change in Plato's Theaetetus. Part II. Intricacies of Syntax and Meaning (154e7-155c7)
Authors: O'Brien Denis 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Plato's paradox of relative change in size and number (154e7-155c7) cannot be understood unless the text is emended (see Part i of this article) and unless full weight is given to shifts of mood and tense and to the play of particles. The critical reader will also need to adapt to a non-Fregean concept of equality and to a definition of change different from Geach's definition of "Cambridge change''. Only so will the structure of the paradox explain young Theaetetus' bewilderment, while also showing that the author of the dialogue was not himself a victim of the paradox he has created.
Giuliano e il medioplatonismo: il caso di Plutarco
Authors: De Vita Maria Carmen 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This article aims to show that Julian the Emperor had some knowledge of Middle Platonic doctrines. More specifically, the discussion focuses on the case of Plutarch of Chaeronea.We can find interesting parallels between the works of this philosopher and the Orations of Julian, especially concerning the allegorical exegesis of myths, the crucial metaphysical role played by Apollo-Helios and the doctrine of the soul. It is worth considering the possibility that Plutarch's works partially inspired Julian's concept of Hellenism.
Sobre el pensiamento y la expresión de la experiencia sensoperceptual en Platon, Philebus 38b-39d
Authors: Mombello Eduardo H. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
In this essay I defend a reconstruction of the epistemological theory that, in a metaphorical way, Plato develops in Philebus 38b-39d. This theory explains how the human beings are capable of considering the experience’s facts. At the core of this theory, the soul is the intermediate point of a general process that allows to emit a statement related to objects of the world. So this theory also registers as a part of the history of the philosophical contemporary semantics. I will argue that three analytically separable stages are distinguished in connection with this operational mediation of the soul. At the first stage, the human soul gets blindly the formal characters of those facts by means of a composite pathema, which corresponds to a hexis of doxazein (form an opinion) and produces a fundamental doxa-logos. The second stage is the moment of the doctrine that explains the reason why we are conscious of what we have grasped in the analytical previous level. At the third stage, one may emit the utterances of those facts. Every stage corresponds to a concept of doxa-logos which have different characteristics, and it is opportune that they are distinguished in the comprehension of that theory. I argue for this reading against a number of alternatives.
Sextus Empiricus: les effets politiques de la suspension du jugement
Authors: Marchand Stéphane 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to examine the political implications of Sextus Empiricus’ neo-Pyrrhonism by considering two fundamental texts (PH I23-24; AM XI 162- 165). Both texts are usually interpreted as endorsing political conformism insofar as Sextus allegedly claims that one should follow the laws and customs of one’s community. But it seems possible to interpret the reference to laws and customs merely as a description of what humans in fact do. What Sextus would therefore recommend is to abandon any theoretical approach to politics in favor of a pragmatic one.
Partecipazione, mescolanza, separazione: Platone e l’immanentismo
Authors: Forcignanò Filippo 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This paper discusses Aristotle’s statement (Metaph. A 9.991a8-9) that both Anaxagoras and Eudoxus claimed that things are the result of a mixture of original elements, in relation to Plato’s metaphysics. Eudoxus used this immanentistic thesis to remodel one central component of Plato’s Theory of Form, that is the “participation”. The first part of the paper analyzes some Anaxagorean aspects in Plato’s metaphysics, showing that Plato shares with Anaxagoras the “Transmission Theory of Causality” (as called by Dancy), but he refuses its immanentistic version. The second part interprets Hipp. ma. 301b2-301c2 as a refusal of a immanentistic interpretation of verbs like προσγίγνομαι and κοσμεîται. It is also rejected Morgan’s thesis according to which Hippias supports an aware mereological metaphysical theory. The third part contests that Phaed. 100-106 is a defense of an immanentistic metaphysics abandoned by Plato in his later works. The meaning of the expression τὸ έν ήμȋν does not include a mereological approach to the causality. In Plato’s metaphysics there is no strong contradiction between transcendence and immanence. The fourth part shows that the Parmenides refuses any immanentistic version of the relationship between Forms and things. Lastly, I will argue that from a Platonic point of view the only acceptable version is the separated interpretation of Transmission Theory of Causality.
Die Ursprünge des spätantiken philosophischen Curriculums im kaiserzeitlichen Aristotelismus
Authors: Perkams Matthias 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The paper presents the first known evidence of the so called “late ancient philosophical curriculum” ethics, physics, theology, by demonstrating that this division of philosophy can be found already in the introduction of Aspasios’s commentary on the Nicomachean Ethics. It is argued that this text can be dated roundabout 70 years earlier than the earliest reliable testimony hitherto known in Clemens Alexandrinus. Furthermore, the paper presents some neglected evidence for this curriculum from different works of Alexander of Aphrodisias. Based upon those texts and a new analysis of some already well-known passages, it proposes to regard the scheme ethics, physics, theology as an originally Aristotelian model, which has been later taken over by Platonists. This does not rule out the possibility that Platonic ideas have been influenced the scheme at a very early date.