bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CONSIDERAÇÕES SOBRE RESOLUÇÃO DE CONFLITOS: A (IM)POSSIBILIDADE DE APLICAÇÃO DA MEDIAÇÃO AMBIENTAL EM SUA GESTÃO
Authors: Sell Cleiton Lixieski 
Published: December 2019

Esse trabalho possui dois objetivos em relação ao tema da resolução de conflitos. O primeiro é realizar uma abordagem transversal sobre a complexidade dos conflitos ambientais, e em segundo plano situar alguns aspectos positivos e do mesmo modo abordar os desafios da utilização da mediação na gestão. A utilização de métodos como a mediação é percebido pela insuficiência de tutela jurídica sobre os conflitos ambientais. Para alcançar esses objetivos se utilizou o método hipotético dedutivo. Com a utilização da mediação são caracterizados aspectos vantajosos como diálogo flexível, igualdade de partes, procedimento com menor rigor formal que o rito judicial tradicional, e maior agilidade. Restou evidenciado que a resolução dos conflitos ambientais se difere de outros âmbitos ao passo que são mais complexos e envolvem múltiplas partes. Do mesmo modo, barreiras surgem no contexto da gestão dos conflitos, uma vez que no âmbito ambiental os conflitos aproximam aspectos da Administração Pública que possuem legislação específica e inflexibilidade para acordos. Devido à questão de a aplicação nesse campo ser recente, há insuficiência na regulamentativa que reflete nos setores públicos ou privados em relação à formação de mediadores ambientais.
PROVISIONS CONCERNING THE ORGANIZATION OF EVENTS FOR THE PROMOTION OF PRODUCTS ON PHARMACEUTICAL MARKET IN ROMANIA
Authors: IOSIF Alina Natalia , GURGU Elena 
Published: December 2019

For the purpose of writing this paper, we were motivated to choose this subject as it is a core part of the pharmaceutical companies' business strategy of promoting medicines. Regarding the importance of the research theme and the business environment, it is crucial that anyone connected to this business should realize the importance of organization, details, good deployment and impact of each event. In this respect, marketing can be seen as a true system of economic activities related to the programming of products and services that have the role of satisfying the requirements of current and potential consumers considerably, but is also linked to prices, promotion and distribution products or services. Having knowledges about how important is the marketing part of pharmaceutical market, taking in consideration the huge budgets that medical and pharmaceutical companies spend on the events organized in this domain, we consider that a company which is able to have a new approach and a new vision for the organization of events and sharing medical education to doctors and medical information to patients will have a big success.
The strategy of promoting and selling medicines on the Romanian market
Authors: GURGU Elena , STANESCU Ioan Aurelian 
Published: December 2019

For the purpose of writing this paper, I was motivated to choose this subject as it is a core part of the pharmaceutical companies' business strategy of promoting medicines. Regarding the importance of the research theme and the business environment, it is crucial that anyone connected to this business should realize the importance of organization, details, good deployment and impact of each event. In this respect, marketing can be seen as a true system of economic activities related to the programming of products and services that have the role of satisfying the requirements of current and potential consumers considerably, but is also linked to prices, promotion and distribution products or services. Having knowledges about how important is the marketing part of pharmaceutical market, taking in consideration the huge budgets that medical and pharmaceutical companies spend on the events organized in this domain, I consider that a company which is able to have a new approach and a new vision for the organization of events and sharing medical education to doctors and medical information to patients will have a big success.
Pengaruh Intensitas Naungan Dalam Aklimatisasi Pertumbuhan Planlet Gaharu (Aquilaria beccariana)
Authors: Mulyono Daru 
Published: December 2019

The objective of this research is to know the optimal shading intensity in the acclimatization of Gaharu planlet growth (Aquilaria beccariana). The research was carried out in Agroindustry and Biotechnology Laboratory, Ciampea, Bogor, West Java from February to April 2007. The research used Complete Randomized Design in order to know the effect of shading net treatment: P1 (shading intensity 25 %), P2 (shading intensity 55 %), and P3 (shading intensity 75 %). The results of the research showed that after eight weeks of planting with the treatment of shading intensity 55 % was significantly better than shading intensity 25 % and shading intensity 75 % to the growth of Gaharu planlet in terms of plant heigh, sum of leaf, sum of root, and length of root.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui intensitas naungan yang optimal dalam aklimatisasi pertumbuhan planlet Gaharu (Aquilaria beccariana). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Agroindustri dan Bioteknologi, Ciampea, Bogor, Jawa Barat mulai Februari sampai April 2007. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap untuk mengetahui pengaruh perlakuan naungan: P1 (intensitas naungan 25 %), P2 (intensitas naungan 55 %), dan P3 (intensitas naungan 75 %). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa setelah delapan minggu penanaman dengan perlakukan intensitas naungan 55 % memberikan hasil yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan intensitas naungan 25 % dan intensitas naungan 75 % terhadap pertumbuhan planlet Gaharu dalam tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, jumlah akar, dan panjang akar.Keywords: Gaharu, shading, acclimatization
Species composition of fungi causing diseases in agricultural plants in agrarian sector of Azerbaijan
Authors: Muradov P.Z. , Shirinova G.F. , Asgerli L.X. , Allahverdiyev E.I. , Gasimov C.F. 
Published: December 2019

The purpose of the presented work was dedicated to assess the spread of fungal diseases and the species composition of its creators on the plants used for food purposes in the agraraian sector of Azerbaijan. In the research conducted for this purpose, we studied mycobiota of 20 sorts belonging to the 10 species of plants and it was indicated that in the formation of mycobiota of those plants, there was involvement of 57 species of fungi and fungi -like organisms. It was determined that the frequency of occurrence of registered fungi, as well as the prevalence of diseases caused by fungi depending on the plants, are characterized by the different quantitative indicators. Thus, the total frequency of occurrence fungi varies between 0.02 - 21.2%. Phytosanitary status was assessed according to the degree of spread of diseases caused by fungi. It became clear that the situation today is potentially dangerous. This is also made as a necessary task to develop serious prophylactic measures.
Latent Cognitive Profiles Differ Between Incipient Alzheimer’s Disease and Dementia with Subcortical Vascular Lesions in a Memory Clinic Population
Authors: Göthlin Mattias , Eckerström Marie , Lindwall Magnus , Rolstad Sindre , Eckerström Carl , Jonsson Michael , Kettunen Petronella , Svensson Johan , Wallin Anders 
Published: December 2019

Background: It is unclear if latent cognitive profiles can distinguish between dementia with subcortical vascular lesions and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) at the incipient stage, and if they differ in performance from the Petersen subtypes. Objective: To identify latent cognitive profiles in a naturalistic population of patients from a memory clinic sample, and investigate the derived classes not only in terms of conversion to AD, but also in terms of conversion to dementia with subcortical vascular lesions. Another objective was to compare the derived classes to the Petersen subtypes. Methods: We performed a latent profile analysis (LPA) on standardized neuropsychological test scores from 476 memory clinic patients (age 64±8) without dementia, and analyzed progression to dementia after 2 years. Results: The LPA resulted in two classes with impaired cognition (Amnestic and Slow/Dysexecutive) and two classes with normal cognition (Normal-Low and Normal-High cognition). Belonging to the Amnestic class predicted progression to all-cause dementia and to AD; belonging to the Slow/Dysexecutive class predicted progression to all-cause dementia, AD, and dementia with subcortical vascular lesions. Of the Petersen MCI subtypes, only amnestic multi-domain MCI predicted progression to all-cause dementia, AD, and dementia with subcortical vascular lesions. Conclusion: Latent cognitive profiles separated between AD and dementia with subcortical vascular lesions, while the Petersen subtypes did not. However, similar to the Petersen subtypes, LPA classes work better for ruling out progression to dementia than for case finding.
Comparative Cognitive Effects of Choreographed Exercise and Multimodal Physical Therapy in Older Adults with Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment: Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Bisbe Marta , Fuente-Vidal Andrea , López Elisabet , Moreno Marta , Naya Marian , de Benetti Claudio , Milà Raimon , Bruna Olga , Boada Mercè , Alegret Montserrat 
Published: December 2019

Background: Recent research on mild cognitive impairment (MCI) has primarily focused on searching for measures to prevent or delay the progression of MCI to dementia. Physical exercise has shown to be effective in the prevention of age-related cognitive decline in elderly adults with MCI. However, the most effective type and dose of exercise for the improvement of cognition are yet to be determined. Objective: To compare the cognitive effects of choreographed exercise (Choreography group) with a multimodal physical therapy program (Physical Therapy group) in elderly adults with amnestic MCI, a population with an increased risk of developing dementia. Methods: We conducted a randomized clinical trial with two parallel groups under allocation concealment and assessor blinding. Participants were allocated into Choreography or Physical Therapy group and performed exercises twice per week in 60-minute sessions during 12 weeks. Results: Thirty-six participants with amnestic MCI, ages 65 to 85, were assessed at baseline and after 12 weeks of intervention, by comprehensive validated neuropsychological and physical assessments. A Repeated measures General Lineal Model showed statistically significant differences in cognitive and physical outcomes. Both groups significantly improved in visual delayed recall. The Choreography group exhibited significantly more benefits on verbal recognition memory than the Physical Therapy group. Conclusion: Greater cognitive benefits were achieved in the choreographic intervention than in the multimodal physical therapy, mainly in those functions more related to the risk of conversion to dementia. Additional studies are needed to confirm whether the observed effects are related to delayed onset of Alzheimer’s disease in elderly adults with amnestic MCI.
Neural Correlates of Cognitive Performance in Alzheimer’s Disease- and Lewy Bodies-Related Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Chung Seok Jong , Jeon Seun , Yoo Han Soo , Lee Yang Hyun , Yun Mijin , Lee Seung-Koo , Lee Phil Hyu , Sohn Young Ho , Evans Alan C. , Ye Byoung Seok 
Published: December 2019

Background: Clinicopathological studies have demonstrated that the neuropsychological profiles and outcomes are different between two dementia subtypes, namely Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Lewy bodies-related disease. Objective: We investigated the neural correlates of cognitive dysfunction in patients with AD-related cognitive impairment (ADCI) and those with Lewy bodies-related cognitive impairment (LBCI). Methods: We enrolled 216 ADCI patients, 183 LBCI patients, and 30 controls. Cortical thickness and diffusion tensor imaging analyses were performed to correlate gray matter and white matter (WM) abnormalities to cognitive composite scores for memory, visuospatial, and attention/executive domains in the ADCI spectrum (ADCI patients and controls) and the LBCI spectrum (LBCI patients and controls) separately. Results: Memory dysfunction correlated with cortical thinning and increased mean diffusivity in the AD-prone regions, particularly the medial temporal region, in ADCI. Meanwhile, it only correlated with increased mean diffusivity in the WM adjacent to the anteromedial temporal, insula, and basal frontal cortices in LBCI. Visuospatial dysfunction correlated with cortical thinning in posterior brain regions in ADCI, while it correlated with decreased fractional anisotropy in the corpus callosum and widespread WM regions in LBCI. Attention/executive dysfunction correlated with cortical thinning and WM abnormalities in widespread brain regions in both disease spectra; however, ADCI had more prominent correlation with cortical thickness and LBCI did with fractional anisotropy values. Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that ADCI and LBCI have different neural correlates with respect to cognitive dysfunction. Cortical thinning had greater effects on cognitive dysfunction in the ADCI, while WM disruption did in the LBCI.
Senescence and Inflammatory Markers for Predicting Clinical Progression in Parkinson’s Disease: The ICICLE-PD Study
Authors: Martin-Ruiz Carmen , Williams-Gray Caroline H. , Yarnall Alison J. , Boucher John J. , Lawson Rachael A. , Wijeyekoon Ruwani S. , Barker Roger A. , Kolenda Claire , Parker Craig , Burn David J. , Von Zglinicki Thomas , Saretzki Gabriele 
Published: December 2019

Background: Cognitive decline is a frequent complication of Parkinson’s disease (PD) and the identification of predictive biomarkers for it would help in its management. Objective: Our aim was to analyse whether senescence markers (telomere length, p16 and p21) or their change over time could help to better predict cognitive and motor progression of newly diagnosed PD patients. We also compared these senescence markers to previously analysed markers of inflammation for the same purpose. Methods: This study examined the association of blood-derived markers of cell senescence and inflammation with motor and cognitive function over time in an incident PD cohort (the ICICLE-PD study). Participants (154 newly diagnosed PD patients and 99 controls) underwent physical and cognitive assessments over 36 months of follow up. Mean leukocyte telomere length and the expression of senescence markers p21 and p16 were measured at two time points (baseline and 18 months). Additionally, we selected five inflammatory markers from existing baseline data. Results: We found that PD patients had shorter telomeres at baseline and 18 months compared to age-matched healthy controls which also correlated to dementia at 36 months. Baseline p16 levels were associated with faster rates of motor and cognitive decline over 36 months in PD cases, while a simple inflammatory summary score at baseline best predicted cognitive score over this same time period in PD patients. Conclusion: Our study suggests that both inflammatory and senescence markers (p16) are valuable predictors of clinical progression in PD patients.
Determinants of Low Body Mass Index in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease: A Multicenter Case-Control Study
Authors: Suzuki Keisuke , Okuma Yasuyuki , Uchiyama Tomoyuki , Miyamoto Masayuki , Haruyama Yasuo , Kobashi Gen , Sakakibara Ryuji , Shimo Yasushi , Hatano Taku , Hattori Nobutaka , Yamamoto Toshimasa , Hirano Shigeki , Yamamoto Tatsuya , Kuwabara Satoshi , Kaji Yoshiaki , Fujita Hiroaki , Kadowaki Taro , Hirata Koichi 
Published: December 2019

Background: In Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients, the factors related to weight loss remain unclear. Objective: To investigate determinants of low body mass index (BMI) in PD patients. Methods: We identified factors associated with low BMI in PD patients in a multicenter case-control study. A total of 435 PD patients and 401 controls were included. Results: The mean BMI was significantly lower in PD patients than in controls (22.0±3.4 kg/m2 vs. 25.4±4.3 kg/m2), with an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of 3.072 (95% CI, 2.103–4.488; p < 0.001) for low BMI (<22 kg/m2) in PD. Compared to the high-BMI PD group (>22 kg/m2), the low-BMI PD group (<22 kg/m2) had more women; a longer disease duration; higher revised Movement Disorder Society Unified PD Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) II and IV scores; an increased levodopa equivalent dose (LED); and increased constipation, visual hallucination, dysphagia, dyskinesia and wearing off rates. There were no between-group differences in depression, anhedonia, apathy, sleep problems and daytime sleepiness. Multivariable analysis showed that visual hallucination (AOR, 2.408; 95% CI, 1.074–5.399; p = 0.033) and the MDS-UPDRS IV (AOR, 1.155; 95% CI, 1.058–1.260; p = 0.001) contributed to low BMI after controlling for clinical factors. In a second model, visual hallucination (AOR, 2.481; 95% CI, 1.104–5.576; p = 0.028) and dyskinesia (sum of the MDS-UPDRS 4.3–4.6) (AOR, 1.319; 95% CI, 1.043–1.668; p = 0.021) significantly contributed to low BMI. Conclusion: PD patients were 3 times more likely than healthy controls to have a low BMI. Motor complications, particularly dyskinesia, and visual hallucination were significantly associated with low BMI in PD patients.
Deferoxamine and Curcumin Loaded Nanocarriers Protect Against Rotenone-Induced Neurotoxicity
Authors: Mursaleen Leah , Somavarapu Satyanarayana , Zariwala Mohammed Gulrez 
Published: December 2019

Background: Reduced glutathione and excess free iron within dopaminergic, substantia nigra neurons in Parkinson’s disease (PD) can drive accumulation of toxic hydroxyl radicals resulting in sustained oxidative stress and cellular damage. Factors such as brain penetrance and bioavailability have limited the advancement of potential antioxidant and iron chelator therapies for PD. Objective: This study aimed to develop novel nanocarrier delivery systems for the antioxidant curcumin and/or iron chelator deferoxamine (DFO) to protect against rotenone-induced changes in cell viability and oxidative stress in SH-SY5Y cells. Methods: Nanocarriers of curcumin and/or DFO were prepared using Pluronic F68 (P68) with or without dequilinium (DQA) by modified thin-film hydration. Cell viability was assessed using an MTT assay and oxidative stress was measured using thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and cellular antioxidant activity assays. Results: All formulations demonstrated high encapsulation efficiency (65–96%) and nanocarrier size was <200 nm. 3-h pretreatment with P68 or P68+DQA nanocarriers containing various concentrations of curcumin and/or DFO significantly protected against rotenone-reduced cell viability. The addition of DFO to curcumin-loaded P68+DQA nanocarriers resulted in increased protection by at least 10%. All nanoformulations significantly protected against rotenone-induced lipid peroxidation ( p < 0.0001). The addition of DQA, which targets mitochondria, resulted in up to 65% increase in cellular antioxidant activity. In nearly all preparations, the combination of 10 μM curcumin and 100 μM DFO had the most antioxidant activity. Conclusion: This study demonstrates for the first time the formulation and delivery using P68 and P68+DQA curcumin and/or DFO nanocarriers to protect against oxidative stress induced by a rotenone PD model. This strategy to combine antioxidants with iron chelators may provide a novel approach to fully utilise their therapeutic benefit for PD.
Integrated Plasma and Neuroimaging Biomarkers Associated with Motor and Cognition Severity in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Chen Chih-Hao , Lee Bo-Ching , Lin Chin-Hsien 
Published: December 2019

Background/Objective: Easily accessible biomarkers are crucial for disease-modifying clinical trials in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). We investigated integrated plasma and neuroimaging biomarkers correlating with motor and cognitive severity in PD patients. Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled 170 participants (12 controls and 158 PD patients). Plasma α-synuclein and neurofilament light chain (NfL) level, and global and regional cortical thickness (CTh) on brain MRI were analyzed to predict advanced motor stage (Hoehn & Yahr stage ≥3), and PD dementia (PDD, MMSE score <26). Results: Plasma α-synuclein and NfL levels were higher in PD patients than controls (both P < 0.0001 for α-synuclein and NfL). Plasma NfL levels were significantly elevated in patients with advanced motor stage ( P = 0.008) or PDD; α-synuclein was elevated in the advanced motor stage group. Global CTh was thinner in patients with PDD than controls (2.33±0.19 mm vs 2.43±0.14 mm, P = 0.06). Among PD patients, higher α-synuclein was associated with thinner limbic CTh, whereas higher NfL was associated with thinner temporal CTh and insular CTh. The accuracy of predicting advanced motor stage using age and sex alone (area under the curve [AUC] 0.63) was significantly improved by the addition of plasma α-synuclein and NfL, and temporal and insula CTh (full model, AUC 0.77, P = 0.004). The accuracy of predicting PDD using age and sex alone (AUC 0.82) increased by incorporating plasma α-synuclein and NfL, and temporal and insula CTh as full model (AUC 0.87, P = 0.047). Conclusions: Integrated plasma and neuroimaging biomarkers reflect both motor and cognitive aspects of PD severity.
Valued and received forms of support among Swedish working carers of older people: A descriptive study with focus on ICT-mediated support
Authors: Andersson Stefan , McKee Kevin , Magnusson Lennart , Erlingsson Christen , Hanson Elizabeth 
Published: December 2019

BACKGROUND: Working family carers are an important resource for the care of older people but can experience negative pressures without support. OBJECTIVE: This study examined the perceived value of forms of support and the level of receipt of valued forms of support among Swedish working carers, with a focus on information and communication technology (ICT)-mediated support. METHODS: A convenience sample (N= 129) of working carers caring for an older (⩾ 65 years) relative completed a web-based questionnaire that addressed: caring characteristics; work-care conflict; and valued and received forms of support. RESULTS: Overall non-ICT forms of support were the most highly valued, while receipt of valued support was low: on average only 16.9% of participants who valued ICT-mediated forms of support received such support, while the figure was only slightly higher (23.4%) for non-ICT forms of support. Higher levels of work-care conflict were associated with higher perceived value of support for 13 out of fourteen forms of support. CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that ICT-mediated and non-ICT forms of support should be regarded as complementary, while the low level of receipt of valued forms of support could indicate high levels of unmet need in working carers. Implications for further research and policy on working carers are considered.