bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Medium- And Long-term Power Curve Division Mechanism Based on Energy Block Segmentation
Authors: Guo Jinhui , Yuan Yunyun , Liang Chao , Zhou Yv , Liu Dunnan , Qin Guangyu , Wang Lingxiang 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
With the development of electric power system reform, it is very important to design the medium- and long-term curve division mechanism for electric power in China. The essence of power supply is "continuous" energy block supply. The two sides of supply and demand take the power block as the interactive unit agreement to deal with electricity. The model of medium- and long-term curve division based on energy block can reflect the abundance of electric power, be beneficial to the stable and reliable supply of electric power and effectively reduce the loss of auxiliary service. Based on the development of new power systems at home and abroad, this paper designs the power curve division mechanism based on energy blocks, and takes Qinghai Province as an example to study its medium - and long-term power curve division mechanism with high proportion of renewable energy.
Overview of Energy Storage Technology Based on Distributed Energy System
Authors: Ma Qiyuan 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Distributed energy is an important part of energy system. As one of the key supporting technologies of distributed energy system, energy storage technology will bring revolutionary changes to energy consumption mode, which is of great significance to China's energy transformation. At present, the development of energy storage technology in China is very rapid, but there are obvious defects and deficiencies in the practical application of various energy storage technologies. This paper discusses the development status, trends and challenges of contemporary distributed energy system, makes a detailed classification of energy storage technology, analyzes the scientific problems faced by energy storage technology, and finally gives the development suggestions of energy storage technology under distributed energy system.
Capacity Coordination Planning Model of wind solar storage hybrid power system
Authors: Li Jingli , Qi Wannian , Xu Xuefeng , Xu Jin , Wei Peng 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Based on the daily and monthly characteristics of wind power and photovoltaic output, the wind power / photovoltaic sequence model based on the daily and monthly characteristics is constructed. Considering the generation constraints, energy storage constraints, system power balance constraints and renewable energy consumption rate constraints of each unit, the coordinated optimization planning model of wind photovoltaic storage complementary power system capacity is constructed to determine the different renewable energy consumption rate fields The optimal capacity of wind power, photovoltaic and energy storage. The results show that the optimal installed capacity of wind power, photovoltaic power and energy storage is different under different scenarios of renewable energy consumption rate and tie line utilization rate, but the impact of energy storage capacity is small.
Analysis on Water Saving Effect of “Zero Discharge” Wastewater from 4 × 300MW Coal-fired Power Plants
Authors: Liu Jun 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The contradiction of water resource shortage is increasingly prominent in the process of electric power production. In order to fully understand the implementation of water-saving strategy in a power plant, this paper takes a coal-fired power plant as an example to analyze and evaluate the water-saving effect of “zero discharge” of waste water in the whole plant through the water balance test. The results show that the coal-fired power plant not only protects the water environment, but also saves about 38 % of the cost of production water by implementing special water modification such as “zero discharge” of waste water in the whole plant.
Performance Assessment of a Promising Radiative Cooler for Cool Roofs via Simulation
Authors: Fan Ziyi , Zhang Haolin 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Radiative cooling is an age-old cooling practice that advantages in decreasing cooling energy requirements without power input. To apply this technology to the energy-efficient building industry, radiative coolers’ performances should be assessed in advance. Using a simulation approach, the work in this study was to justify whether a promising radiative cooler would lead to the cooling energy reduction on a modelled roof in Beijing. The promising radiative cooler was reported to have the potential to achieve a temperature of 9.9 degrees Celsius below ambient temperature, which is a significant improvement over the results found in previous literature. Simulation outputs show that this material can lead to the cooling energy reduction on a modelled, 1000 square meters roof constructed in Beijing. This also implies that the promising cooler have a large potential of energy savings if they could be applied in Beijing.
Study on Temperature Change of LiFePO4/C Battery Thermal Runaway under Overcharge Condition
Authors: Gao Fei , Fan Maosong , Wang Congjie , Liu Wei , Zhu Yanli 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In this paper, thermal runaway test of lithium iron phosphate battery (LiFePO4/C) under overcharge condition was carried out. The temperature and its rise rate of three types of LiFePO4/C batteries (25 Ah, 60 Ah and 200 Ah) in the process of thermal runaway were compared and analyzed. The research shows that under the condition of 1C-rate overcharge, the starting temperature of the LiFePO4/C battery thermal runaway is about 116 °C - 131 °C, and its temperature rise rate of thermal runaway is about 3.01 °C/s - 5.82 °C/s. The highest temperature reached by thermal runaway has nothing to do with the battery capacity.
Exploration of the construction path of an energy ecosystem adapted to the power Internet of things
Authors: Yin Shuo , Wang Shiqian , Yang Meng , Guo Xingwu , Zhang Na 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Building an energy Internet ecosystem is an effective mode to expand new energy businesses, give digital energy to traditional energy enterprises and promote energy transformation and development. In this paper, by analyzing and expounding the concept, development situation, construction theory, practice summary, exploration path and other dimensions of the energy Internet ecosystem, putting forward counter-measures and Suggestions on the construction path and other aspects. Energy Internet ecological construction should take electric energy as the core, and establish the development factors of commercial ecology, so as to achieve "drainage + empowerment" of the energy Internet ecological system and support energy transformation and high-quality economic development in Henan province.
Laser Surface Texturing of Eutectic Al-Si Alloy
Authors: Nandakumar M B , Lokesh G N , Natu Harshad , Mahesh B R , Venkatesh M K 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Relative movement between piston and cylinder of an IC engine contributes to more than 60% of the friction experienced by the engine - in turn contributing to the wear of the piston and hence loss in its operational performance and efficiency. It is pertinent to explore technological solutions to overcome this situation. Texturing of surfaces appears to be an useful technique to enhance the tribological performance of the piston and cylinder assembly and information about the same are available in published literature. Laser surface texturing of a typical piston material such as an eutectic Al-Si alloy employing high power CO2-CW laser, firstly to examine the magnitudes of optimum laser processing conditions to realize surfaces which can retain oil and secondly to carry out characteristic analysis of the surface quality of the test material subjected to laser texturing, constitute the main thrust of this work. Measurements and analysis of the areal roughness parameters on the laser textured surfaces of the samples on a con-focal microscope reveal their capacity for enhanced oil retention, in turn ensuring reduced chances of scuffing of the sliding surfaces in comparison with non-textured samples, examined under similar test conditions.
Mechanical Properties of Aluminum Metal Matrix Composite Reinforced with Silicon Carbide using FEM
Authors: Faraz Mohammed , Haseebuddin M R , Harishraj  , Pal Bhaskar 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In this work the SiC reinforced Alumunium composites were studied and Finite Element Method (FEM) analysis carried out and the results of FEM analysis were compared with the actual experimental results. As the Finite Element Analysis has become a major tool for an engineer, the Finite Element Analysis is done to solve advanced analysis issues. In this paper, Finite Element Method based ANSYS software is used to determine the mechanical properties in the aluminium metal matrix composite reinforced with Silicon Carbide by changing the volume fraction of the Silicon Carbide in aluminium. The FEM analysis results were compared with the actual experimental result. The testing if the mechanical properties such as tensile testing and compression testing we carried out in the FEM analysis.
The study of Elastic Modulus and Thermal Conductivity of Different Fiber Cross-section of Fiber-Reinforced Composite in ANSYS
Authors: Vankadhar Rohit , Dandotiya Devendra , Pal Bhaskar 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This work aims to predict the elastic modulus and effective thermal conductivity of the fiber-reinforced polymer composites. A representative volume element (RVE) of size 420 × 420 × 420 micron has been created in Solid-works with 10%, 17%, 27%, 40%, and 54% of fiber volume. The fiber of circular, square, and hexagonal cross-sections are considered in this analysis. The symmetric boundary conditions are applied to the RVE for determining the elastic modulus of the fiber-reinforced polymer. It has been observed from the ANSYS that the results are not exactly similar to the rule of mixture. The results are varying with a change in the cross-section of the fiber. It has been observed that elastic modulus is increasing with the increase in fiber density. It is also noticed that the elastic modulus is increased when the cross-section changes from circular to square to a hexagon with all said fiber volume. It is attributed that due to an increase in the fiber-matrix contact surface area, the adhesion between fiber and matrix increased. Surprisingly it observed that in all the cases the elastic modulus has decreased after 40% of volume fraction. This may be endorsed that due to higher fiber volume fraction the adhesion between fiber-matrices is not appropriate. Further study has revealed that the modulus of the composite is in accordance with the rule of the mixture when RVE has been prepared with a combination of circle, square, and hexagon. The effective thermal conductivity of the same RVE model has been carried out in ANSYS. It has found out that effective thermal conductivity is in reasonable agreement with the rule of mixture.
Design Analysis And Study of Heat Transfer For Different Finned Quad Tubed Heat Exchanger
Authors: Akshath K R , Chaitanyaa K K , Devakki Basavaraj 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The finned quad tubed heat exchanger has been modelled, and analyzed numerically. On the surface of each inner tube, the different shapes of fins have been modelled i.e., square, triangular and Y shape throughout the entire length. The analysis has been carried for Reynold’s number 8748, 10935 and 13123 and cold fluid temperature kept constant at 25 °C and hot fluid in annulus shape varied at 40 °C, 50 °C and 60 °C as inlet temperatures. It was found that triangular and Y shaped fins show higher heat transfer enhancement as compared to square fins. An increase of 152% and 145% in heat transfer found for Y and triangular shaped fins respectively as compared to square fin for same inlet conditions. It is the reason being the surface area for triangular and Y shapes fins is much higher. Hence the Y shaped fins can be used in most of the applications which involves combination of conduction and convection heat transfer i.e., in evaporator, condensers, radiators tubes etc. which results in higher heat transfer and increases the efficiency.
PCB Open, Short and Shift Defects Detection by Logical Comparison of Mask Images
Authors: Melnyk R A , Havrylko Yu V , Repa Ya V 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The known skeletonization algorithm was realized and the skeleton specific points were found. The algorithm was applied to printed circuit boards to detect the main defects: wire and contact breaks, short circuits. Mask images on a base of specific points and logical comparison to select and to mark places with defects were realized. The example of applications is shown.
Methods of Determining Trajectory for Wheelchair with Manual Pushrims Drive
Authors: Wieczorek B 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The article describes a method of operation of wheelchairs with differential control, as well as elaborates a developed method that allows visualising the wheelchair motion trajectory on the basis of reading of road or linear velocity measured independently on both left and right drive wheel. The Method chapter describes a complete proceeding algorithm, which allows determining the trajectory of wheelchair rear wheel axle’s middle point by using only road value of rear wheels in regular intervals. The Measurement system chapter describes the used set of sensors, type of measured kinematic value, and method of transforming it into unit compliant with the method. The Results chapter shows exemplary values of measured wheelchair velocities and motion trajectory charts determined by transforming them.
Analysis of the Possibilities of Using Automatic Control Systems for Operating Gas Engines for a Chilled Water Production
Authors: Kurdziel F , Kalwar A , Pytel K , Gumula S , Marikutsa U , Korpyljov D 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The publication presents the impact of using automatic control systems for operating gas engines aimed at a chilled water production. The purpose of the work is to analyse the possibilities of using automation systems to regulate gas flow. An important parameter of fuel supplied to gas engines used in the production of cold is its amount, which depends on the pressure. Unstable operation of gas distribution systems caused by an extensive network, many customers and operation of devices working with different loads causes improper, unpredictable operation of other devices working in the network. Uncertainty of fuel parameters results in unstable operation of gas engines, their load, and variable production of electricity, heat and cold. Ensuring proper and stable production is a key element of production processes. The concept of building a gas pressure regulation system based on its amount in the network will ensure the required, stable operation of gas engines and refrigeration units coupled with them, and thus provide a guarantee of production of generated media. The presented solution provides a solution to existing problems. The system is based on two dampers coupled to each other and controlled by an automation system controlled by a superior SCADA system.
Multivariate linear mixed model enhanced the power of identifying genome-wide association to poplar tree heights in a randomized complete block design
Authors: Chen Yuhua , Wu Hainan , Yang Wenguo , Zhao Wei , Tong Chunfa 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWith the advances in high-throughput sequencing technologies, it is not difficult to extract tens of thousands of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across many individuals in a fast and cheap way, making it possible to perform genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of quantitative traits in outbred forest trees. It is very valuable to apply traditional breeding experiments in GWAS for identifying genome variants associated with ecologically and economically important traits in Populus. Here, we reported a GWAS of tree height measured at multiple time points from a randomized complete block design (RCBD), which was established with clones from an F1 hybrid population of Populus deltoides and Populus simonii. A total of 22,670 SNPs across 172 clones in the RCBD were obtained with restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RADseq) technology. The multivariate mixed linear model was applied by incorporating the pedigree relationship matrix of individuals to test the association of each SNP to the tree heights over 8 time points. Consequently, 41 SNPs were identified significantly associated with the tree height under the P-value threshold determined by Bonferroni correction at the significant level of 0.01. These SNPs were distributed on all but two chromosomes (Chr02 and Chr18) and explained the phenotypic variance ranged from 0.26% to 2.64%, amounting to 63.68% in total. Comparison with previous mapping studies for poplar height as well as the candidate genes of these detected SNPs were also investigated. We therefore showed that the application of multivariate linear mixed model to the longitudinal phenotypic data from the traditional breeding experimental design facilitated to identify far more genome-wide variants for tree height in poplar. The significant SNPs identified in this study would enhance understanding of molecular mechanism for growth traits and would accelerate marker-assisted breeding programs in Populus.
A genetic analysis of the alpha-glycerophosphate oxidase locus in Drosophila melanogaster.
Authors: Davis M B , MacIntyre R J 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The gene for alpha-glycerophosphate oxidase, the nuclear encoded mitochondrial enzyme of the alpha-glycerophosphate cycle (alpha GP); has been mapped in Drosophila melanogaster. Several interstitial deficiencies in region 50c-53AB of chromosome 2R were used to localize the structural gene to 52D2-5. In addition, mutations of alpha GPO were generated; alpha GPO mutants are viable yet flightless. Interactions of alpha GPO with alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase (alpha GPDH), the cytoplasmic enzyme of the alpha GP cycle, were investigated through the synthesis of a series of alpha GPDHnull-alpha GPOnull double mutants. Of the six double null mutants constructed, four alpha GPDH-alpha GPO double nulls are viable and flightless. Two double mutants, however, exhibit an allelic-dependent synthetic lethal phenotype.
Formal relations between Om mutants and their suppressors in Drosophila ananassae.
Authors: Hinton C W 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Optic morphology (Om) mutants associated with insertions of the tom transposable element at each of three tested loci are neomorphs as defined by the phenotypic equivalence of +/+/Om with +/Om and of +/Om/Om with Om/Om. Mutants behaving as suppressors of Om mutants and mapping to at least six loci are recovered from the same source and in similar frequency as Om mutants. The semidominant and nonpleiotropic suppressors at four of the six loci display defective eye phenes themselves, and the phenotypically normal mutants at a fifth locus are suspected alleles of a gene represented by recessive furrowed eye mutants. These and other properties imply that the suppressors, like suppressible Om mutants, are neomorphic due to insertion of the tom element into a hypothetical sequence they share with other members of a set of genes involved in development of the eye. Concurrently premature expression of both the suppressor and suppressed mutants would allow interaction of their products just as in normal development.
Maize glutamine synthetase cDNAs: isolation by direct genetic selection in Escherichia coli.
Authors: Snustad D P , Hunsperger J P , Chereskin B M , Messing J 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Maize glutamine synthetase cDNA clones were isolated by genetic selection for functional rescue of an Escherichia coli delta glnA mutant growing on medium lacking glutamine. The Black Mexican Sweet cDNA library used in this study was constructed in pUC13 such that cDNA sense strands were transcribed under the control of the lac promoter. E. coli delta glnA cells were transformed with cDNA library plasmid DNA, grown briefly in rich medium to allow phenotypic expression of the cDNAs and the pUC13 ampr gene, and challenged to grow on agar medium lacking glutamine. Large numbers of glutamine synthetase cDNA clones have been identified in individual 150-mm Petri dishes; all characterized cDNA clones carry complete coding sequences. Two cDNAs identical except for different 5' and 3' termini have been sequenced. The major open reading frame predicts a protein with an amino acid sequence that exhibits striking similarity to the amino acid sequences of the predicted products of previously sequenced eukaryotic glutamine synthetase cDNAs and genes. In addition, the maize glutamine synthetase cDNAs were shown to contain a 5' mini-ORF of 29 codons separated by 37 nucleotide pairs from the major ORF. This mini-ORF was shown not to be essential for the functional rescue of the E. coli delta glnA mutant. Expression of the cDNAs in E. coli is presumed to be due to the function of a polycistronic hybrid lac messenger RNA or translational fusions encoded by the pUC plasmids. Proteins of the expected sizes encoded by two different pUC clones were shown to react with antibodies to tobacco glutamine synthetase.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae cho2 mutants are deficient in phospholipid methylation and cross-pathway regulation of inositol synthesis.
Authors: Summers E F , Letts V A , McGraw P , Henry S A 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Five allelic Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutants deficient in the methylation of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) have been isolated, using two different screening techniques. Biochemical analysis suggested that these mutants define a locus, designated CHO2, that may encode a methyltransferase. Membranes of cho2 mutant cells grown in defined medium contain approximately 10% phosphatidylcholine (PC) and 40-50% PE as compared to wild-type levels of 40-45% PC and 15-20% PE. In spite of this greatly altered phospholipid composition, cho2 mutant cells are viable in defined medium and are not auxotrophic for choline or other phospholipid precursors such as monomethylethanolamine (MME). However, analysis of yeast strains carrying more than one mutation affecting phospholipid biosynthesis indicated that some level of methylated phospholipid is essential for viability. The cho2 locus was shown by tetrad analysis to be unlinked to other loci affecting phospholipid synthesis. Interestingly, cho2 mutants and other mutant strains that produce reduced levels of methylated phospholipids are unable to properly repress synthesis of the cytoplasmic enzyme inositol-1-phosphate synthase. This enzyme was previously shown to be regulated at the level of mRNA abundance in response to inositol and choline in the growth medium. We cloned the CHO2 gene on a 3.6-kb genomic DNA fragment and created a null allele of cho2 by disrupting the CHO2 gene in vivo. The cho2 disruptant, like all other cho2 mutants, is viable, exhibits altered regulation of inositol biosynthesis and is not auxotrophic for choline or MME.
A SUPPRESSOR GENE INVOLVED IN CHEMICAL INDUCTION OF CONJUGATION IN PARAMECIUM AURELIA
Authors: Cronkite Donald L 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT
A dominant gene Su(kau–2) partially suppresses the effect of an apparently unlinked recessive kau–2. Gene kau–2 blocks chemical induction of conjugation in Paramecium aurelia syngen 8 when solutions of acriflavine + either KCl or MgCl2 are used. Wild-type cells are induced to conjugate in either solution. When cells homozygous for kau–2 also have gene Su(kau–2), they are still uninducible in the solution containing KCl, but become inducible in the MgCl2 solution. Analysis of the concentrations of solutions which are effective in induction of conjugation of various genotypes shows that the action of Su(kau–2) is not a simple restoration of wild-type phenotype since certain novel features of the suppressor can be seen. Analysis of the duration of ciliary reversal of various genotypes suggests that one necessary step in chemical induction of conjugation is a certain magnitude of deplorization of the surface membrane of the cell.