bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reduced Recovery Times with Total Intravenous Anesthesia in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Authors: Stewart Matthew , Estephan Leonard , Thaler Adam , Zhan Tingting , Connors Kevin , Malkani Kabir , Hunt Patrick , Boon Maurits , Huntley Colin 
Published: November 2020

Objectives/HypothesisThere is currently no standard of care in terms of anesthesia modality for patients receiving upper airway surgery with comorbid obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Although both total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) and volatile gas anesthesia are commonly utilized in ambulatory otolaryngology surgery, it is currently unclear if there are any advantages with one modality over the other. We hypothesize that patients receiving upper airway surgery with comorbid OSA will have quicker recovery times with TIVA.Study DesignRetrospective chart review from January 2019 to December 2019.MethodsAll patients aged 18 and older receiving upper airway surgery (upper airway stimulation, nasal surgery, modified uvulopalatopharyngoplasty) were included. Patients were excluded when there was incomplete or missing data in the electronic medical record.ResultsEighty‐six patients received gas anesthesia and 62 patients received TIVA. Phase I recovery times were significantly reduced by surgery and by severity of OSA: nasal surgery, upper airway stimulation, and modified uvulopalatopharyngoplasty had a reduction of 35.5 minutes (P < .001), 42.5 minutes (P < .001), and 36 minutes (P = .022), respectively. In terms of severity, mild, moderate, and severe OSA had reductions of 23.5 minutes (P = .004), 52 minutes (P = .004), and 47 minutes (P < .001), respectively. The severity of OSA generally correlated with increased time spent in Phase I: as severity increased, Phase I time increased by 16.8 minutes for the gas cohort (P < .001), whereas in the TIVA cohort, it increased only 4.3 minutes (P = .489).ConclusionPatients having upper airway surgery with comorbid OSA that received TIVA (propofol and remifentanil) spent significantly less time in Phase I and the recovery room overall compared to those receiving volatile gas anesthesia in the form of sevoflurane, and this correlated with the severity of OSA.Level of Evidence3. Laryngoscope, 131:925–931, 2021
Regional Peak Mucosal Cooling Predicts Radiofrequency Treatment Outcomes of Nasal Valve Obstruction
Authors: Wu Zhenxing , Krebs Jillian P. , Spector Barak M. , Otto Bradley A. , Zhao Kai , Farag Alexander A. 
Published: November 2020

Objectives/HypothesisLow energy radiofrequency may offer effective treatment for narrow or obstructed nasal valve, yet its precise mechanism is not fully understood.Study DesignProspective, nonrandomized, case series.MethodsTwenty prospective patients with internal nasal valve obstruction underwent office‐based Vivaer treatment (Aerin Medical, Inc) under local anesthesia. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models were constructed based on the pre‐ and 90 days post‐procedure computed tomography (CT) scans to identify salient changes in nasal airflow parameters.ResultsPatients' Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation score (NOSE: pre‐treatment 78.89 ± 11.57; post‐treatment 31.39 ± 18.30, P = 5e‐7) and Visual Analog Scale of nasal obstruction (VAS: pre‐treatment 6.01 ± 1.83; post‐treatment 3.44 ± 2.11, P = 1e‐4) improved significantly at 90 days after the minimally invasive approach. Nasal airway volume in the treatment area increased ~7% 90 days post‐treatment (pre‐treatment 5.97 ± 1.20, post‐treatment 6.38 ± 1.50 cm3, P = .018), yet there were no statistically significant changes in the measured peak nasal inspiratory flowrate (PNIF, pre‐treatment: 60.16 ± 34.49; post‐treatment: 72.38 ± 43.66 ml/s; P = .13) and CFD computed nasal resistance (pre‐treatment: 0.096 ± 0.065; post‐treatment: 0.075 ± 0.026 Pa/(ml/s); P = .063). As validation, PNIF correlated significantly with nasal resistance (r = 0.47, P = .004). Among all the variables, only the peak mucosal cooling posterior to the nasal vestibule significantly correlated with the NOSE at baseline (r = −0.531, P = .023) and with post‐treatment improvement (r = 0.659, P = .003).ConclusionMinimal remodeling of the nasal valve (7% in this study) may have a profound effect on perceived nasal obstruction, despite little effect on nasal resistance, or PNIF. The results corroborated our previous findings that subjective relief of nasal obstruction correlates with regional mucosal cooling rather than nasal resistance or peak flow rate, a potential target for future effective, personalized therapeutic approaches.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 131:E1760–E1769, 2021
Sialendoscopy and Sjogren's Disease: A Systematic Review
Authors: Coca Kimberly K. , Gillespie M. Boyd , Beckmann Nicholas A. , Zhu Rongshun , Nelson Tamara M. , Witt Robert L. 
Published: November 2020

Objectives/HypothesisThis study is a systematic review of the literature which seeks to estimate the expected treatment outcomes of a patient with Sjogren's syndrome (SS) undergoing therapeutic sialendoscopy.Study DesignSystematic Review.MethodsPubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane library databases were used to search for studies published as of August 2020 regarding the treatment outcomes of SS with sialendoscopy. The key search terms included “Sjogren's syndrome” and “sialendoscopy.” Only studies in the English language involving more than one human patient were included. PRISMA guidelines were followed in study inclusion and data extraction. The primary outcome assessed was improvement in patient symptoms.ResultsSix studies met criteria and were analyzed in this review, including 125 patients undergoing sialendoscopy of parotid and/or submandibular glands as well as 25 controls. Of these patients, 90% were female with an age range of 18 to 79 years. There was significant diversity in outcome reporting tools. The outcomes of symptom improvement were pooled qualitatively based on improvement noted in each study. Outcomes were defined as partial improvement if the measured outcomes improved and complete improvement if measured outcomes resolved entirely. Despite the limited number of studies on this topic, this meta‐analysis suggests that a similar study of therapeutic sialendoscopy could expect to provide at least temporary improvement of symptoms 90% to 99% of the time.ConclusionsThis review provides support for the application of sialendoscopy in the treatment of SS salivary disease. Larger studies with consistent outcome reporting tools and control groups are needed to validate these results and provide a consistent therapy protocol. Laryngoscope, 131:1474–1481, 2021
Mitochondrial and Clearance Impairment in p.D620N VPS35 Patient‐Derived Neurons
Authors: Hanss Zoé , Larsen Simone B. , Antony Paul , Mencke Pauline , Massart François , Jarazo Javier , Schwamborn Jens C. , Barbuti Peter A. , Mellick George D. , Krüger Rejko 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundVPS35 is part of the retromer complex and is responsible for the trafficking and recycling of proteins implicated in autophagy and lysosomal degradation, but also takes part in the degradation of mitochondrial proteins via mitochondria‐derived vesicles. The p.D620N mutation of VPS35 causes an autosomal‐dominant form of Parkinson's disease (PD), clinically representing typical PD.ObjectiveMost of the studies on p.D620N VPS35 were performed on human tumor cell lines, rodent models overexpressing mutant VPS35, or in patient‐derived fibroblasts. Here, based on identified target proteins, we investigated the implication of mutant VPS35 in autophagy, lysosomal degradation, and mitochondrial function in induced pluripotent stem cell‐derived neurons from a patient harboring the p.D620N mutation.MethodsWe reprogrammed fibroblasts from a PD patient carrying the p.D620N mutation in the VPS35 gene and from two healthy donors in induced pluripotent stem cells. These were subsequently differentiated into neuronal precursor cells to finally generate midbrain dopaminergic neurons.ResultsWe observed a decreased autophagic flux and lysosomal mass associated with an accumulation of α‐synuclein in patient‐derived neurons compared to controls. Moreover, patient‐derived neurons presented a mitochondrial dysfunction with decreased membrane potential, impaired mitochondrial respiration, and increased production of reactive oxygen species associated with a defect in mitochondrial quality control via mitophagy.ConclusionWe describe for the first time the impact of the p.D620N VPS35 mutation on autophago‐lysosome pathway and mitochondrial function in stem cell‐derived neurons from an affected p.D620N carrier and define neuronal phenotypes for future pharmacological interventions. © 2020 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Quercetin‐3‐O‐Glucuronide Alleviates Cognitive Deficit and Toxicity in Aβ1‐42‐Induced AD‐Like Mice and SH‐SY5Y Cells
Authors: Xu Mengdai , Huang Hao , Mo Xiaoxing , Zhu Yalun , Chen Xi , Li Xiaoqin , Peng Xiaobo , Xu Zihui , Chen Liangkai , Rong Shuang , Yang Wei , Liu Shuang , Liu Liegang 
Published: November 2020

ScopeAlzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by amyloid‐β (Aβ) related imbalance, Tau‐hyperphosphorylation, and neuroinflammation, in which Aβ and neuroinflammation can induce brain insulin resistance (IR). Gut microbiome disorder is correlated with inflammation in AD. As of yet, there are no effective treatments clinically. Thus, it is focused on the potential benefit of quercetin‐3‐O‐glucuronide (Q3G), a pharmacologically active flavonol glucuronide, on AD treatment by regulating brain IR and the gut microbiome.Methods and resultsAD mice model built through intracerebroventricular injection of Aβ1‐42and AD cell model developed through the SH‐SY5Y cell line and Aβ1‐42are used to explore the protective effects of Q3G on AD. Neurobehavioral test, brain insulin signaling pathway, and high‐throughput pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA are assessed. Data show that Q3G attenuates neuroinflammation and brain IR in Aβ1‐42‐injected mice and relieves apoptosis in Aβ1‐42‐treated SH‐SY5Y cells by interrupting the downstream insulin signaling. Q3G ameliorates Aβ accumulation and Tau phosphorylation, restores CREB and BDNF levels in the hippocampus , and reverses Aβ1‐42‐induced cognitive impairment. Besides, Q3G restores Aβ1‐42‐induced reduction of short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and gut microbiota dysbiosis.ConclusionQ3G can alleviate brain IR through directly acting on the brain or modulating the gut‐brain axis, ultimately to relieve Aβ1‐42‐induced cognitive dysfunction.
Patterning of graphene for highly sensitive strain sensing on various curved surfaces
Authors: Xu Wei , Huang Yuehua , Zhao Xuanliang , Jiang Xin , Yang Tingting , Zhu Hongwei 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn recent years, graphene based flexible strain sensors have attracted great attention. Although various designed micro/nanostructure morphologies have been introduced to optimize the performance parameters such as sensitivity and working range, there are relatively limited studies on the effective patterning of graphene on various substrates on curved surfaces to manufacture functional devices. In this work, we report a general route to realize the patterning of graphene into predesigned structure on a variety of complex curved substrates. The methodology involves a combination of polydopamine surface modification of the substrate and the spraying process of graphene. The polydopamine modification method preserves the intrinsic electrical properties and stability of graphene, and the modification process by self‐polymerization of dopamine is available on many types of materials of complex shape. This general approach of interface modification to achieve free patterning has capability of large‐scale fabrication. By this interface‐enhancement patterning method, sensing structure of cut‐through channel crack has been obtained, resulting in flexible strain sensors with adjusted high sensitivity (gauge factor of 100–2000 at 1% strain), little hysteresis and conformality of complex surfaces. In addition, the strain sensor array has also been fabricated to detect the deformation spatial distribution of complex curved structural components, thereby expanding their potential applications in wearable electronics.
Inventory renewal for a perishable product: Economies of scale and age‐dependent demand
Authors: Chen Li‐Ming , Sapra Amar 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWe consider a finite‐horizon, periodic‐review system for a perishable product at a retailer that faces stochastic, age‐dependent demand and loses excess demand, if any. For this system, we build three models that capture two sources of unfilled demand, insufficient inventory and inappropriate age, and penalize them at different rates. The models are characterized by increasing replenishment flexibility, and the goal of each model is to identify when to place an order and the quantity whenever an order is placed. In the first model, reorder intervals are equal. In the second model, reorder intervals can vary across orders. In the third model, reorder intervals continue to remain flexible but the retailer can also partially salvage her inventory whenever she has excess inventory. Using the models, we explore the effect of lost‐sales penalties on the structure of the optimal value function. We find that the inventory‐related cost in a period may lack convexity if the ratio of penalties for stockout and high age is below a threshold, which percolates to the value function as well. We also identify properties of the optimal replenishment policy for the three models. Finally, we conduct numerical experiments to identify the marginal value added by the flexibility in reorder intervals and the option to partially salvage inventory as a function of model parameters.
Acute Kidney Injury Incidence in Hospitalized Patients and Implications for Nutrition Support
Authors: Meyer Daniel , Mohan Anju , Subev Emiliya , Sarav Menaka , Sturgill Daniel 
Published: November 2020

AbstractHospitalized adult patients suffer from high rates of acute kidney injury (AKI), which puts them at risk for multiple nutrition problems. The etiology and management strategy of AKI has major implications for the management of the hospitalized patient. The purpose of this review is to understand the incidence and management of AKI in hospitalized adult patients and review the challenges to providing adequate nutrition support.
Cross‐borehole geoelectrical time‐lapse monitoring of in situ chemical oxidation and permeability estimation through induced polarization
Authors: Bording Thue , Kühl Anders Kristian , Fiandaca Gianluca , Christensen Jørgen Fjeldsø , Christiansen Anders Vest , Auken Esben 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACTWorldwide, soil contamination due to industrial activities is a major issue. One method for remediation of contaminated sites is in situ chemical oxidation, where an oxidizing agent is injected into the contaminated soil. Normally, monitoring wells are established in the remediation area for tracking the oxidizing agent. However, wells only provide point information of the injectant spread. This issue can be addressed using cross‐borehole resistivity and induced polarization tomography, by mapping the electrical properties in the entire remediation volume and by deriving, through petrophysical relations, the hydraulic properties of the medium. Here we present a proof‐of‐concept study, performed over one year as part of a larger remediation project, where resistivity and time‐domain induced polarization data were acquired among 10 boreholes, before and after two rounds of injection of oxidizing agents. The time‐lapse resistivity models, obtained through a focusing inversion scheme that favours compact time‐lapse changes, clearly show the oxidizing agent spread as highly conductive anomalies and confirmed by water conductivity measurements in boreholes. The time‐lapse inversions also show spatial variability in the injectant spread, with some areas not reached. The induced polarization data quality decreased significantly just after the injection rounds, because of the decrease in resistivity and induced polarization signal level, so that induced polarization time‐lapse inversions were not feasible. However, the induced polarization data were used for background characterization and to estimate permeability. In particular, there is a good match between the imaged low‐permeability zones and the areas in which the injectant did not spread, identified by the time‐lapse resistivity inversions. Furthermore, geological samples confirm the presence of fine‐grained sediments in the estimated low‐permeability zones. While time‐lapse resistivity tomography may be used for documenting the injectant spread, induced polarization permeability estimates prior to injection can be used to better tailor the remediation in terms of dimension and location of injection filters.
A numerical dispersion‐suppressed method for shallow seismic migration
Authors: Liu Yanli , Li Zhenchun , Wang Jiao , Sun Miaomiao , Liu Qiang 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACTReverse time migration can accurately image underground earth structures. However, for shallow seismic exploration, the seismic wave velocity is often lower than the velocity in the middle‐deep layers, which causes numerical dispersion for finite‐difference schemes and leads to poor seismic imaging quality. Suppressing numerical dispersion by grid encryption or increasing the finite‐difference order seriously reduces computational efficiency, which is not the optimal solution. To improve the imaging quality without sacrificing computational efficiency, a regularization factor is added to the acoustic wave equation to correct the phase velocity of high wave‐number components. An appropriate regularization factor can eliminate numerical dispersion that results from large grid interval schemes and can reduce the size of computational grids and improve computational efficiency. For simulations in the frequency domain, reducing the grid size also means reducing computer memory requirements. Numerical experiments indicate that the regularization factor should match the degree of numerical dispersion. Larger regularization factors can suppress serious numerical dispersion. However, excessively large regularization factors may destroy the effective wave field. Different numerical models verify the effectiveness of the improved acoustic equation for suppressing numerical dispersion and maintaining amplitudes and provide a novel means to improve the shallow seismic image quality.
Porous exponential domination number of some graphs
Authors: Çiftçi Canan , Aytaç Aysun 
Published: November 2020

AbstractLet G be a graph and S ⊆ V(G). If for all v ∈ V(G), then S is a porous exponential dominating set for G, where d(u, v) is the distance between vertices u and v. The smallest cardinality of a porous exponential dominating set is the porous exponential domination number of G and is denoted by . In this article, we examine porous exponential domination number of some shadow graphs and trees such as comet, double comet, double star, binomial tree, and generalized caterpillar graphs.
An efficient computational approach for local fractional Poisson equation in fractal media
Authors: Singh Jagdev , Ahmadian Ali , Rathore Sushila , Kumar Devendra , Baleanu Dumitru , Salimi Mehdi , Salahshour Soheil 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn this article, we analyze local fractional Poisson equation (LFPE) by employing q‐homotopy analysis transform method (q‐HATM). The PE describes the potential field due to a given charge with the potential field known, one can then calculate gravitational or electrostatic field in fractal domain. It is an elliptic partial differential equations (PDE) that regularly appear in the modeling of the electromagnetic mechanism. In this work, PE is studied in the local fractional operator sense. To handle the LFPE some illustrative example is discussed. The required results are presented to demonstrate the simple and well‐organized nature of q‐HATM to handle PDE having fractional derivative in local fractional operator sense. The results derived by the discussed technique reveal that the suggested scheme is easy to employ and computationally very accurate. The graphical representation of solution of LFPE yields interesting and better physical consequences of Poisson equation with local fractional derivative.
A Phase II Clinical Trial on the Combination Therapy of PHY906 Plus Capecitabine in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Changou Chun A. , Shiah Her-Shyong , Chen Li-Tzong , Liu Servina , Luh Frank , Liu Shwu-Huey , Cheng Yung-Chi , Yen Yun 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Trial Information
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00076609 Sponsor: Yiviva Inc. Principal Investigator: Yun Yen IRB Approved: Yes

Lessons Learned
A PHY906 and capecitabine combination could be effective as a salvage therapy for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) previously treated with multiple systemic therapies. This traditional Chinese medicine formulation can work with Western cancer chemotherapeutic agents to improve clinical outcomes or alleviate side effects for patients with advanced HCC.

Background
This study aimed to evaluate efficacy and safety of capecitabine combined with a PHY906 (a pharmaceutical-grade formulation of four traditional Chinese herbs) in the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Asian patients who were positive for hepatitis B virus (HBV).

Methods
This study was an open-label, phase II safety and efficacy clinical trial of PHY906 and capecitabine in patients with advanced HCC. Patients received 750 mg/m2 capecitabine b.i.d. 14 days plus 800 mg of PHY906 b.i.d. on days 1–4 and days 8–11 every 21-day cycle. The primary endpoint was 6-month survival rate, and secondary endpoints were progression-free survival, overall survival, disease control rate, and safety.

Results
Thirty-nine subjects completed the study with a 46.2% stable disease rate. The median progression-free survival was 1.5 months, and median overall survival (mOS) was 6 months with a 51.3% 6-month survival rate. The most common adverse events included lower hemoglobin, diarrhea, pain, abdomen (not otherwise specified), fatigue, increased aspartate aminotransferase, and bilirubin. Patients who (a) had not received previous chemotherapies or targeted therapy or (b) had lower starting alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels or (c) had HBV infection showed better clinical outcome.

Conclusion
Our data showed that PHY906 increases the therapeutic index of capecitabine by enhancing its antitumor activity and reduces its toxicity profile in advanced HCC.
Tyrosine Side‐Chain Functionalities at Distinct Positions Determine the Chirooptical Properties and Supramolecular Structures of Pentameric Oligothiophenes
Authors: Bäck Marcus , Selegård Robert , Todarwal Yogesh , Nyström Sofie , Norman Patrick , Linares Mathieu , Hammarström Per , Lindgren Mikael , Nilsson K. Peter R. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractControl over the photophysical properties and molecular organization of π‐conjugated oligothiophenes is essential to their use in organic electronics. Herein we synthesized and characterized a variety of anionic pentameric oligothiophenes with different substitution patterns of L‐ or D‐tyrosine at distinct positions along the thiophene backbone. Spectroscopic, microscopic, and theoretical studies of L‐ or D‐tyrosine substituted pentameric oligothiophene conjugates revealed the formation of optically active π‐stacked self‐assembled aggregates under acid conditions. The distinct photophysical characteristics, as well as the supramolecular structures of the assemblies, were highly influenced by the positioning of the L‐ or D‐tyrosine moieties along the thiophene backbone. Overall, the obtained results clearly demonstrate how fundamental changes in the position of the enantiomeric side‐chain functionalities greatly affect the optical properties as well as the architecture of the self‐assembled supramolecular structures.