bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Relationship Between Team Deep‐Level Diversity and Team Performance: A Meta‐Analysis of the Main Effect, Moderators, and Mediating Mechanisms
Authors: Triana María del Carmen , Kim Kwanghyun , Byun Seo‐Young , Delgado Dora María , Arthur Winfred 
Published: November 2020

AbstractTo reconcile the inconsistencies and complexities in the relationship between team diversity and performance, our meta‐analysis takes a more nuanced approach to the relationship between team deep‐level diversity and team performance. We examine the type of deep‐level diversity (personality, values, culture), task complexity, and executive team status as moderators of the relationship between team deep‐level diversity and positive emergent states, positive team processes, and team conflict. In addition, we examine the mediating role of positive team emergent states, positive team processes, and team conflict in explaining how team deep‐level diversity relates to team performance. We test our hypotheses with a meta‐analytic database of 94 papers reporting 280 effect sizes based on 24,425 teams. Findings show that team deep‐level diversity is associated with fewer positive emergent states and positive team processes and more team conflict. There is an indirect relationship between team deep‐level diversity and team performance through each of the mediators: positive emergent states, positive team processes, and team conflict. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.
Effects of high hydrostatic pressure on color, texture, microstructure, and proteins of the tilapia (Orechromis niloticus) surimi gels
Authors: Lu Wangwei , Qin Yuyue , Ruan Zheng 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe tilapia (Orechromis niloticus) surimi gels were prepared with high hydrostatic pressure (0, 100, 200, 300, and 400 MPa for 15 min) treatments to investigate the changes in water‐holding capacity, color, gel strength, microstructure, texture, and proteins of the gels. Compared it with cooked gel (40°C/30 min + 90°C/30 min). The whiteness of heat‐induced and HHP‐induced gels were significant (p < .05) higher than that of untreated samples. The gels formed by pressurization were dense and flexible, and formed by cross‐linking based on hydrogen bonding. SDS‐PAGE patterns showed no major change in the actin and tropomyosin protein profiles of gels induced by HHP‐300. Raman spectroscopy confirmed disulfide bonds played an important role in gel formation. A lower intensity ratio observed in HHP‐induced protein supported the tyrosine residues involved in hydrogen bond formation. The changes of secondary structure suggested decreased α‐helix content and increased β‐sheet.
Influence of insulin on the healing of exposed dental pulp after pulp capping: An experimental study in a dog model
Authors: Al‐Anesi Mokhtar A. , Abu‐Seida Ashraf M. , El Ashry Salma H. , Mahran Abeer H. , Abd‐Elhamid Ehab S. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundThis study investigates the influence of insulin on pulp tissue healing after pulp capping in diabetic dogs.MethodsDiabetes mellitus was induced in four dogs, and their blood glucose levels were adjusted by insulin to normoglycemic level in two dogs (normoglycemic group) and to hyperglycemic level in two dogs (hyperglycemic group). Class V buccal cavities were performed in 15 teeth in each diabetic dog and two normal dogs (control group). The three groups (30 teeth each) were divided according to the capping materials into three subgroups (10 teeth each) including: subgroup A ‐ mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), subgroup B ‐ bioaggregate (BA), and subgroup C ‐ calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2). Each subgroup was divided into two subdivisions according to the evaluation period, subdivision 1: 1 month and subdivision 2: 2 months. Qualitative and quantitative evaluations of the inflammation and dentine bridge formation were assessed histologically.ResultsThe hyperglycemic diabetic group exhibited significant higher inflammatory cell count and scores and lower dentine bridge thickness than those of the normoglycemic diabetic and control groups (P < .05). There were no significant differences in these parameters between the normoglycemic diabetic and control groups (P > .05).ConclusionInsulin has favourable effects on the pulp tissue healing after pulp capping in diabetic dogs.
Buddhist way of old age and women’s life course in Ho Chi Minh City (Vietnam)
Authors: Le Hoang Anh Thu 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis paper explores the interweaving of Buddhist practice, old age and women's gendered roles in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Given Vietnamese gendered norms that emphasise women's lifelong attachment and responsiblity to their families, this paper shows that Buddhist practice is a way of life in old age for women. Old age is a time in life when one continues to hone relational personhood and negotiate between gendered roles at home and individual self‐cultivating practice. Inspired by Sarah Lamb's (White Saris and Sweet Mangoes: Aging, Gender, and Body in North India. Berkeley: University of California Press; 2000) discussion on entanglement and disentanglement in West Bengali women's old age, this paper shows that Vietnamese women draw on the Buddhist notion of 'karmic debt' to define the boundary of their household duties. With the Buddhist Way, old age is not merely a continuing devotion to the family, it is a time marked by both self‐ and family‐nurturing.
Randomised controlled trial to assess the effectiveness of apnoeic oxygenation in adults using low-flow or high-flow nasal cannula with head side elevation versus usual care to prevent desaturation during endotracheal intubation in the emergency department (ApOxED): study protocol
Authors: Waheed Shahan , Kapadia Nazir Najeeb , Khan Muhammad Faisal , Kerai Salima Mansoor , Raheem Ahmed , Naeem Rubaba 
Published: November 2020

IntroductionApnoeic oxygenation is a process of delivering continuous oxygen through nasal cannula during direct laryngoscopy. The oxygen that is delivered through these nasal cannulas is either low flow or high flow. Although the effectiveness of apnoeic oxygenation has been shown through systematic reviews and randomised controlled trials, a comparison of high-flow versus low-flow oxygen delivery has not been tested through a superiority study design. In this study we propose to assess the effectiveness of giving low-flow oxygen with head side elevation versus high-flow oxygen with head side elevation against the usual practice of care in which no oxygen is provided during direct laryngoscopy.Methods and analysisThis will be a three-arm study instituting a block randomisation technique with a sample size of 46 in each arm (see table 1). Due to the nature of the intervention, no blinding will be introduced. The primary outcomes will be lowest non-invasive oxygen saturation measurement during direct laryngoscopy and during the 2 min after the placement of the tube and the first pass success rate. The intervention constitutes head side elevation up to 30° for improving glottis visualisation together with low-flow or high-flow oxygen delivery through nasal cannula to increase safe apnoea time for participants undergoing endotracheal intubation. Primary analysis will be intention to treat.Ethics and disseminationThe study is approved by the Ethical Review Committee of Aga Khan University Hospital (2019-0726-2463). The project is an institution University Research Committee grant recipient 192 002ER-PK. The results of the study will be disseminated among participants, patient communities and healthcare professionals in the institution through seminars, presentations and emails. Further, the findings will be published in a highly accessed peer-reviewed medical journal and will be presented at both national and international conferences.Trial registration numberClinicalTrials.gov Registry (NCT04242537).
Urban–rural disparity in prevalence of multimorbidity in China: a cross-sectional nationally representative study
Authors: Ma Xiaochen , He Yu , Xu Jin 
Published: November 2020

BackgroundTo address the neglect of depression in multimorbidity measurement and the lack of focus on rural population in previous literature about China, this paper aimed to estimate the prevalence of multimorbidity (including depressive disorders) among the country’s rural and urban population.MethodsWe used a cross-sectional design and data from a nationally representative survey conducted in 2015–2016 among Chinese people aged 45 years or older involving 19 656 participants. Multimorbidity was measured with a cut-off point of having two or more among 14 chronic illnesses. In that 13 of them were based on self-reported physician diagnosis. In addition, depressive disorders were assessed with the 10-item Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. The weighted prevalence of multimorbidity was calculated, with a non-response adjustment. Multivariate logistic regression was applied to analyse the relation between covariates and multimorbidity.FindingsMultimorbidity was highly prevalent (54.3%) among the studied population. Contrary to previous studies, we found the prevalence of multimorbidity to be higher among the rural dwellers (58.3%) than among the urban population (50.4%). After adjustment for covariates, rural residents had 7.5% higher odds (95% CI of OR (1.003 to 1.151)) of having multimorbidity than their urban counterparts. Above 70% of patients with any of the 14 chronic illnesses above 45 years old had multimorbidity, while 80.6%–97.9% of chronic patients had multimorbidity.InterpretationFuture health system development in China should transform from preventing and controlling non-communicable diseases as individual diseases to addressing people’s comprehensive health needs under multimorbidity. The rural population should be prioritised as they suffered more from multimorbidity than the urban population.
Influence of the month of birth on persistence of ADHD in prospective studies: protocol for an individual patient data meta-analysis
Authors: Gosling Corentin J , Pinabiaux Charlotte , Caparos Serge , Delorme Richard , Cortese Samuele 
Published: November 2020

IntroductionAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with symptoms, especially the hyperactive ones, that tend to decrease in severity with age. Interestingly, children born just before the school-entry cut-off date (ie, the youngest pupils of a classroom) are at higher risk of being diagnosed with ADHD compared with children born just after the cut-off date. Noteworthy, thismonth-of-birtheffect tends to disappear with increasing absolute age. Therefore, it is possible that young children erroneously diagnosed with ADHD due to their month of birth present a lower chance to have their diagnosis confirmed at a later age, artificially reinforcing the low persistence of ADHD across the lifespan. This protocol outlines an individual patient data (IPD) meta-analysis of prospective observational studies to explore the role of the month of birth in the low persistence of ADHD across the lifespan.Methods and analysisFive databases will be systematically searched in order to find prospective observational studies where the presence of ADHD is assessed both at baseline and at a follow-up of at least 4 years. We will use a two-stage IPD meta-analytic approach to estimate the role of the month of birth in the persistence of ADHD. Various sensitivity analyses will be performed to assess the robustness of the results.Ethics and disseminationNo additional data will be collected and no de-identified raw data will be used. Ethics approval is thus not required for the present study. Results of this IPD meta-analysis will be submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020212650
Interventions to facilitate return to work in adults with chronic non-malignant pain: a protocol for a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Björk Mathilda , Gerdle Björn , Liedberg Gunilla , Svanholm Frida , Solmi Marco , Thompson Trevor , Chaimani Anna , Dragioti Elena 
Published: November 2020

IntroductionWork absenteeism due to chronic non-malignant pain (CNMP) is a major societal and individual cause of concern that requires effective treatments.ObjectiveWe present a protocol for a systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA) aiming to compare available interventions for return to work (RTW) in adults with CNMP.Methods and analysisPubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, Web of Knowledge and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases will be searched till 31 August 2020 for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) examining interventions for RTW outcomes among patients with CNMP. Two independent investigators will search the databases, perform data extraction and assess the methodological quality of the selected RCTs. The primary outcome will be RTW, if possible, full-time or part-time after work absence due to chronic pain from baseline to the last available follow-up. Secondary outcomes will include self-reported workability or work capacity, or self-reported physical functioning and quality of life as measured by any validated scale. Pairwise meta-analysis and NMA will be conducted for each outcome using a random-effects model. For the primary outcomes, we will also obtain the ranking of all competing interventions within each NMA using surface under the cumulative ranking curve. The assumption of coherence (ie, that direct and indirect evidence are in statistical agreement) will be examined using both a local and a global approach. We will also conduct subgroup and meta-regression analyses, whenever feasible, to investigate the unexplained variation in effect size. The comparison-adjusted funnel plot will be used to evaluate small-study effects. The overall quality of evidence will be rated with the Confidence in Network Meta-Analysis tool. Data analysis will be conducted using Stata V.16.0.Ethics and disseminationThis systematic review does not require ethical approval since it will not disseminate any private patient data. The results of this study will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publication.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020171429.
Predicting the local COVID-19 outbreak around the world with meteorological conditions: a model-based qualitative study
Authors: Chen Biqing , Liang Hao , Yuan Xiaomin , Hu Yingying , Xu Miao , Zhao Yating , Zhang Binfen , Tian Fang , Zhu Xuejun 
Published: November 2020

ObjectivesThis study aims to investigate the relationship between daily weather and transmission rate of SARS-CoV-2, and to develop a generalised model for future prediction of the COVID-19 spreading rate for a certain area with meteorological factors.DesignA retrospective, qualitative study.Methods and analysisWe collected 382 596 records of weather data with four meteorological factors, namely, average temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, and air visibility, and 15 192 records of epidemic data with daily new confirmed case counts (1 587 209 confirmed cases in total) in nearly 500 areas worldwide from 20 January 2020 to 9 April 2020. Epidemic data were modelled against weather data to find a model that could best predict the future outbreak.ResultsSignificant correlation of the daily new confirmed case count with the weather 3 to 7 days ago were found. SARS-CoV-2 is easy to spread under weather conditions of average temperature at 5 to 15°C, relative humidity at 70% to 80%, wind speed at 1.5 to 4.5 m/s and air visibility less than 10 statute miles. A short-term model with these four meteorological variables was derived to predict the daily increase in COVID-19 cases; and a long-term model using temperature to predict the pandemic in the next week to month was derived. Taken China as a discovery dataset, it was well validated with worldwide data. According to this model, there are five viral transmission patterns, ‘restricted’, ‘controlled’, ‘natural’, ‘tropical’ and ‘southern’. This model’s prediction performance correlates with actual observations best (over 0.9 correlation coefficient) under natural spread mode of SARS-CoV-2 when there is not much human interference such as epidemic control.ConclusionsThis model can be used for prediction of the future outbreak, and illustrating the effect of epidemic control for a certain area.
Impact of sight and hearing loss in patients with Norrie disease: advantages of Dual Sensory clinics in patient care
Authors: Sowden Jane C , Kros Corné J , Sirimanna Tony , Pagarkar Waheeda , Oluonye Ngozi , Henderson Robert H 
Published: November 2020

Norrie disease (ND) is a rare, X-linked condition of visual and auditory impairment, often presenting with additional neurological features and developmental delays of varying severity. While all affected patients are born blind, or lose their vision in infancy, progressive sensorineural hearing loss develops in the majority of cases and is typically detected in the second decade of life. A range of additional symptoms of ND, such as seizure disorders, typically appear from a young age, but it is difficult to predict the range of symptoms ND patients will experience. After growing up without vision, hearing loss represents the greatest worry for many patients with ND, as they may lose the ability to participate in previously enjoyed activities or to communicate with others.Dual sensory loss has a physical, psychosocial and financial impact on both patients with ND and their families. Routine monitoring of the condition is required in order to identify, treat and provide support for emerging health problems, leading to a large burden of medical appointments. Many patients need to travel long distances to meet with specialists, representing a further burden on time and finances. Additionally, the rare nature of dual sensory impairment in children means that few clinical environments are designed to meet their needs. Dual Sensory clinics are multidisciplinary environments designed for sensory-impaired children and have been suggested to alleviate the impact of diseases involving sensory loss such as ND.Here, we discuss the diagnosis, monitoring and management of ND and the impact it has on paediatric patients and their caregivers. We describe the potential for dual sensory clinics to reduce disease burden through providing an appropriate clinical environment, access to multiple clinical experts in one visit, and ease of monitoring for patients with ND.
Amelioration of systemic inflammation in advanced chronic liver disease upon beta-blocker therapy translates into improved clinical outcomes
Authors: Jachs Mathias , Hartl Lukas , Schaufler Dunja , Desbalmes Christopher , Simbrunner Benedikt , Eigenbauer Ernst , Bauer David Josef Maria , Paternostro Rafael , Schwabl Philipp , Scheiner Bernhard , Bucsics Theresa , Stättermayer Albert Friedrich , Pinter Matthias , Trauner Michael , Mandorfer Mattias , Reiberger Thomas 
Published: November 2020

ObjectiveSystemic inflammation promotes the development of clinical events in patients with advanced chronic liver disease (ACLD). We assessed whether (1) non-selective beta blocker (NSBB) treatment initiation impacts biomarkers of systemic inflammation and (2) whether these changes in systemic inflammation predict complications and mortality.DesignBiomarkers of systemic inflammation, that is, white blood cell count (WBC), C reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and procalcitonin (PCT) were determined at sequential hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) measurements without NSBB and under stable NSBB intake. The influence of NSBB-related changes in systemic inflammation on the risk of decompensation and liver-related death was analysed using competing risk regression.ResultsOur study comprised 307 stable patients with ACLD (Child-A: 77 (25.1%), Child-B: 161 (52.4%), Child-C: 69 (22.5%), median HVPG: 20 (IQR 17–24) mm Hg) including 231 (75.2%) with decompensated disease.WBC significantly decreased upon NSBB therapy initiation (median: −2 (IQR −19;+13)%, p=0.011) in the overall cohort. NSBB-related reductions of WBC (Child-C: −16 (−30;+3)% vs Child-B: −2 (−16;+16)% vs Child-A: +3 (−7;+13)%, p<0.001) and of CRP (Child-C: −26 (−56,+8)% vs Child-B: −16 (−46;+13)% vs Child-A: ±0 (−33;+33)%, p<0.001) were more pronounced in advanced stages of cirrhosis. The NSBB-associated changes in WBC correlated with changes in CRP (Spearman’s ρ=0.228, p<0.001), PCT (ρ=0.470, p=0.002) and IL-6 (ρ=0.501, p=0.001), but not with changes in HVPG (ρ=0.097, p=0.088).An NSBB-related decrease in systemic inflammation (ie, WBC reduction ≥15%) was achieved by n=91 (29.6%) patients and was found to be an independent protective factor of further decompensation (subdistribution HR, sHR: 0.694 (0.49–0.98), p=0.038) in decompensated patients and of liver-related mortality in the overall patient cohort (sHR: 0.561 (0.356–0.883), p=0.013).ConclusionNSBB therapy seems to exert systemic anti-inflammatory activity as evidenced by reductions of WBC and CRP levels. Interestingly, this effect was most pronounced in Child-C and independent of HVPG response. An NSBB-related WBC reduction by ≥15% was associated with a decreased risk of further decompensation and death.
Methodological considerations in MVC epidemiological research
Authors: Fridman Liraz , Rothman Linda , Howard Andrew William , Hagel Brent E , Macarthur Colin 
Published: November 2020

BackgroundThe global burden of MVC injuries and deaths among vulnerable road users, has led to the implementation of prevention programmes and policies at the local and national level. MVC epidemiological research is key to quantifying MVC burden, identifying risk factors and evaluating interventions. There are, however, several methodological considerations in MVC epidemiological research.MethodsThis manuscript collates and describes methodological considerations in MVC epidemiological research, using examples drawn from published studies, with a focus on the vulnerable road user population of children and adolescents.ResultsMethodological considerations in MVC epidemiological research include the availability and quality of data to measure counts and calculate event rates and challenges in evaluation related to study design, measurement and statistical analysis. Recommendations include innovative data collection (eg, naturalistic design, stepped-wedge clinical trials), combining data sources for a more comprehensive representation of collision events, and the use of machine learning/artificial intelligence for large data sets.ConclusionsMVC epidemiological research can be challenging at all levels: data capture and quality, study design, measurement and analysis. Addressing these challenges using innovative data collection and analysis methods is required.