bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kritik Filsafat Hukum Positivisme Sebagai Upaya Mewujudkan Hukum Yang Berkeadilan
Authors: Islamiyati Islamiyati 
Published: July 2020

The flow of philosophy of law of positivism conceives the law as ius which has experienced positive as lege or lex, and law only relates to positive law or law only. The characteristics of this flow are always fundamental to reality (reality, fact) and evidence, not metaphysical and do not explain the essence, natural phenomena are explained based on causal relationships, and are not related to morals. This is criticized by several other schools of law, such as; free law, critical law, critical study of modern law, progressive law, all of which conceive that law is not only written in law, but what is practiced by officials of law enforcement implementing the function of law enforcement. In addition, the implementation of the law is adapted to the needs of society, which can not be separated from the influence of moral teachings and values that live in society, in order to realize the real justice. Aliran filsafat hukum positivisme menkonsepsikan hukum sebagai ius yang telah mengalami positifisasi sebagai lege atau lex, dan hukum hanya bersangkut paut dengan hukum positif atau UU saja. Karakteristik aliran ini selalu mendasar pada kenyataan (realitas, fakta) dan bukti, tidak bersifat metafisik dan tidak menjelaskan esensi, gejala alam diterangkan berbasis hubungan sebab akibat, dan tidak berhubungan dengan moral. Hal inilah yang dikritik oleh beberapa aliran hukum lain, seperti; aliran hukum bebas, hukum kritis, studi kritis hukum modern, hukum progresif, yang semuanya menkonsepsikan bahwa hukum tidak hanya tertulis dalam undang-undang, melainkan apa yang dipraktekkan oleh para pejabat penyelenggara hukum yang melaksanakan fungsi pelaksanaan hukum. Selain itu, pelaksanaan hukum disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan masyarakat, yang tidak lepas dari pengaruh ajaran moral dan nilai-nilai yang hidup di masyarakat, demi mewujudkan keadilan yang sesungguhnya.
Penyelesaian Sengketa Tanah Masyarakat Adat Karuhun Urang (AKUR) Di Desa Cigugur Kuningan Melalui Lembaga Peradilan
Authors: Prasetyo Agung Basuki 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACDispute resolution through judicial institutions on land in the Karuhun Urang (AKUR) Indigenous Community of Cigugur Village, Kuningan Regency has won the Plaintiffs based on inheritance law, while land according to the AKUR customary law cannot be inherited. Such rights in the legislation are referred to as communal rights. This writing is about fulfilling the principle of justice in the court ruling. The judgment of the judge in his decision considers the object of the dispute as inheritance, and does not consider the testimony of witnesses who are not sworn, because the religion column in the KTP is empty. So that the Plaintiff wins. The judge based his legal considerations more on the Positivism paradigm, which is based solely on written rules such as in legislation, by putting aside the values that live in society.Based on the structural, cultural and substantive components identified there is no principle of justice for the AKUR Community. There are philosophical, historical, and socio-cultural reasons for defending disputed objects for the preservation of AKUR Community customs.Keywords: land disputes, indigenous peoples, customary rights. ABSTRAKPenyelesaian sengketa melalui lembaga peradilan terhadap tanah yang berada di lingkungan Masyarakat Adat Karuhun Urang (AKUR) Desa Cigugur, Kabupaten Kuningan telah memenangkan pihak Penggugat berdasarkan pada hukum waris, sedangkan tanah menurut hukum adat Masyarakat AKUR tidak dapat diwariskan. Hak semacam itu dalam Peraturan Perundang-undangan disebut dengan hak ulayat. Penulisan ini mengenai pemenuhan asas keadilan dalam putusan peradilan tersebut. Pertimbangan hakim dalam putusannya menganggap objek sengketa sebagai harta warisan, dan tidak mempertimbangkan keterangan saksi yang tidak disumpah, karena kolom agama di KTP kosong. Sehingga Penggugat menang. Hakim lebih mendasarkan pertimbangan hukumnya pada paradigma Positivisme, yang hanya dilandasi aturan tertulis seperti dalam perundang-undangan, dengan mengesampingkan nilai-nilai yang hidup dalam masyarakat.Berdasarkan komponen struktural, kultural, dan substantif teridentifikasi tidak terdapat asas keadilan bagi Masyarakat AKUR. Terdapat alasan filosofis, historis, dan sosial budaya dalam mempertahankan objek sengketa guna pelestarian adat istiadat Masyarakat AKUR.Kata Kunci: sengketa tanah, masyarakat adat, hak ulayat.
Grondkaart; Problematika Hukum dan Penyelesaiannya (Analisis Kasus antara PT Kereta Api Indonesia (Persero) dengan PT Pura Barutama Kudus Jawa Tengah)
Authors: Silvianna Ana 
Published: July 2020

Permasalahan kepemilikan tanah pada Grondkaart masih sering terjadi, seperti sengketa kepemilikan tanah antara PT KAI dengan pihak lain, bisa perorangan dan juga badan hukum. Permasalahan tersebut dikaji dengan metode penelitian yuridis normatif, akan mengungkap secara Hukum Pertanahan Nasional tentang kedudukan Grondkaart dalam kepemilikan tanah disandingkan dengan sertipikat hak atas tanah. Penelusuran data dengan studi dokumen, mendapat fakta bahwa grondkaartyang dikeluarkan kantor pendaftaran tanah pada saat diberikan untuk perkeretaapian milik negara SS, bukan alat bukti kepemilikamn tanah. Tanah Grondkaart merupakan ”beheer” DKA sekarang PT KAI. Berdasarkan PMA No.9 Tahun 1965 tanah-tanah yang dikuasai oleh Instansi Pemerintah dengan hak penguasaan (beheer) sejak tanggal 24 September 1960 dikonversi menjadi Hak Pakai dan Hak Pengelolaan sesuai peruntukannya dalam jangka waktu selama dipergunakan. Semua tanah yang belum bersertifikat adalah tanah negara dalam penguasaan (beheer) PT KAI .Tanah-tanah PT KAI yang dikuasai dengan alat bukti grondkaart tanah adalah termasuk golongan tanah hak, meskipun belum bersertipikat.
Implementasi Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 69/PUU-XIII/2015 terhadap Hukum Perkawinan di Indonesia
Authors: Widanarti Herni 
Published: July 2020

Perjanjian kawin adalah suatu perjanjian yang dibuat atas permintaan dari sepasang calon suami istri, dimana mereka berdua telah setuju dan sepakat untuk membuat pemisahan harta mereka masing-masing. Menurut KUH Perdata dan Undang-Undang Perkawinan, pada prinsipnya perjanjian kawin tidak dapat dilakukan setelah perkawinan berlangsung, namun pada tanggal 27 Oktober 2016 keluarlah “Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi No. 69/PUU-XIII/2015” yang pada intinya perjanjian kawin dapat dilakukan setelah perkawinan dilangsungkan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pertimbangan Hakim dalam “Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 69/PUU-XIII/2015” serta menganalisa implementasi putusan tersebut terhadap hukum perkawinan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis empiris yang menggunakan penelitian lapangan dan pendekatan Undang-Undang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lahirnya “Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 69/PUU-XIII/2015” yang membawa perspektif baru tentang kesepakatan perkawinan di mana perjanjian kawin dapat dilakukan selama dalam ikatan perkawinan berlangsung atau setelah perkawinan sesuai dengan kesepakatan kedua belah pihak dengan tidak merugikan pihak ketiga.
A simple transfer-matrix model for metasurface multilayer systems
Authors: Berkhout Annemarie , Koenderink A. Femius 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In this work we present a simple transfer-matrix based modeling tool for arbitrarily layered stacks of resonant plasmonic metasurfaces interspersed with dielectric and metallic multilayers. We present the application of this model by analyzing three seminal problems in nanophotonics. These are the scenario of perfect absorption in plasmonic Salisbury screens, strong coupling of microcavity resonances with the resonance of plasmon nano-antenna metasurfaces, and the hybridization of cavities, excitons and metasurface resonances.
Compact disordered magnetic resonators designed by simulated annealing algorithm
Authors: Xie Yaxin , Liu Menghao , Feng Tianhua , Xu Yi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Sub wavelength all-dielectric structures processing simultaneously electric and magnetic resonances provide a new horizon for tailoring magnetic light–matter interaction that is often overlooked in optical spectrum. In general, the magnetic field enhancement can be boosted by utilizing the magnetic resonances of dielectric resonators where structural disorder effect is considered as a parasitic negative effect for the targeted response. Here, in contrast, we theoretically propose and experimentally demonstrate that compact disordered dielectric resonators with substantial enhancement of free-space magnetic field can be automatically designed by the combination of simulated annealing algorithm and numerical solution of Maxwell’s equations, providing an alternative for tailoring magnetic light–matter interaction. The functionality and reliability of the proposed concept are further verified by microwave experiment. Our results might facilitate the application of compact disordered magnetic resonators in enhancing magnetic dipole transition of quantum emitter, magnetic resonance imaging, wireless power transfer and beyond.
Advanced encryption method realized by secret shared phase encoding scheme using a multi-wavelength metasurface
Authors: Li Zhenfei , Premaratne Malin , Zhu Weiren 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Multi-channel information encryption technology has been implemented by optical metasurfaces owing to their superior ability to control the phase, amplitude, wavelength and polarization of incident light. However, current metasurface-based multi-channel encryption technologies suffer from information leakage in non-full channel decoding processes. To better increase the security of the encrypted information, we develop a secret shared phase encoding scheme by combining a visual secret sharing scheme with a metasurface-based phase-encoding technique. Our method achieves its high-concealment through mapping the target image into a set of unrecognizable phase-only keys that are subsequently encoded by a multi-wavelength metasurface. In the decryption process, the secret information can be reconstructed only by decoding and stacking all the wavelength channels of the metasurface. At the same time, chaotic images can be extracted from the other channels without revealing any original information. The simulated results and the theoretical analysis show the strong robustness and high security of our encryption setup, which is sure to find applications in emerging optical encryption schemes.
A Comparative Study of Shear Strength Equations for Unsaturated Granitic Residual Soil
Authors: Saffari Pooya , Nie Wen , Asadi Afshin , Fu Shao-Jun , Jian Wen-bin , Wang Guang-Jin , Deng Yu-Chen 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMalaysia is extensively covered by residual soils, which are mostly in an unsaturated zone. Determining the unsaturated shear strength of residual soils using the empirical models is beneficial because of the limitations of experimental methods. Several shear strength models have already been developed, and the accuracy of some of these models has been examined. However, these examinations were developed based only on the particular soils initially studied and may not be applicable to Malaysian residual soils. This study aims to provide a comparative investigation of the accuracy of some of the published shear strength models for unsaturated soils in predicting the shear strength of a Malaysian granitic residual soil. The published shear strength results of the soils were used in this paper to provide comparisons between the predicted and measured shear strength values for a limited suction range. Nine various equations were evaluated. For each equation, a relationship between the predicted and measured shear strength data was generated. The linear regression line with zero intercept was drawn, and the slope of the linear regression line (SL) and coefficient of determination (R2) were calculated. This study showed that all shear strength models provide relatively acceptable comparisons between measured and predicted shear strengths by a maximum of 10 % difference based on the calculated slopes of the regression lines. However, among them, three equations provided more accurate predictions in comparison with the others.
Sediment Transport over a Pervious Pavement under Surface Runoff: Mesoscopic Experiment and Modeling
Authors: Zhang Jiong , Dupont Pascal , Hellou Mustapha 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPervious pavements provide good drainage and noise reduction capability. However, once the pore is clogged, the drainage capacity will be greatly reduced. A simplified mesoscopic model is presented in order to uncover the phenomenon of sediment transport and ingress into the pores of a permeable pavement with surface flow. In this study, the influences of slope, water inflow, sediment particle size, and infiltration on the sediment transport and clogging of pervious pavement are systematically studied. The test results show that with the increase of slope, sediment size, and inflow rate, the clogging risk generally decreases, while with the increase of seepage, the clogging risk increases. For larger slope, sediment size, and inflow rate, a larger sediment transport rate can be observed on porous pavement. Furthermore, the dynamic characteristics of sediment transport are also studied by a three-dimensional coupling model of computational fluid dynamics—a discrete element method. The results show that the fluid–solid coupling numerical model used in this study can be used as an effective simulation method for studying sediment transport inside and outside the pervious pavement.
Do good fundamentals generate alpha?
Authors: Chagas Luís , Leal Ricardo , Roquete Raphael 
Published: July 2020

Objective: To verify abnormal risk-adjusted returns in Brazilian stock portfolios formed according to the F-Score that indicates the presence of good fundamentals.
Method: The sample has 146 companies per year on average, includes the period of adoption of the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) from July 2008 to June 2018 and uses equally weighted portfolios formed at the end of June of each year with information from the previous year.
Results: The high F-Score portfolio showed greater average returns, lower beta, and a positive and significant alpha that disappeared in the sub-period initiating after the full adoption of IFRS. Significant coefficients for the small capitalization risk premium and egalitarian weighting suggest that large companies do not dominate its performance. High and low F-Score portfolios cannot be characterized as value stocks. The low F-Score portfolio displayed a negative and significant coefficient for the moment factor, suggesting persistence of negative returns.
Contributions: Portfolios with high F-Score may have less chance of catastrophic returns. The technique can be employed by less sophisticated investors to build defensive portfolios of companies with good fundamentals.
Epistemic Uncertainties in Local Earthquake Locations and Implications for Managing Induced Seismicity
Authors: Garcia-Aristizabal Alexander , Danesi Stefania , Braun Thomas , Anselmi Mario , Zaccarelli Lucia , Famiani Daniela , Morelli Andrea 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTEarthquake hypocentral location is perhaps the most classical problem in seismology, the solution of which is often affected by significant uncertainty. In monitoring the effects of underground anthropogenic activities, the earthquake hypocentral location, magnitude, and ground motions are important parameters for managing induced seismicity (as e.g., for operating traffic-light systems). Such decisional systems define the operative reactions to be enacted once an earthquake, exceeding some magnitude or ground-motion threshold, occurs within a monitoring volume defined in the neighborhood of a certain anthropogenic underground activity. In this case, a reliable evaluation of the hypocentral location, along with its uncertainty, becomes crucial for rational decision making. In this article, we analyze different sources of uncertainty that can be relevant for the determination of earthquake source locations, and introduce a logic-tree-based ensemble modeling approach for framing the problem in a decision-making context. To demonstrate the performance of the proposed approach, we analyze uncertainties in the location of a seismic event that occurred on 22 July 2019 within the perimeter of the monitoring domain defined in the Val d’Agri oil field (southern Italy). We cast the result as a model ensemble that allows us to obtain samples from a parent distribution that better represents both aleatory and epistemic uncertainties of the earthquake location problem. We find that often-neglected epistemic uncertainties (i.e., those that arise when considering alternative plausible modeling approaches or data) can be considerably larger and more representative of the state of knowledge about the source location, than the standard errors usually reported by the most common algorithms. Given the consequential repercussions of decision making under uncertainty, we stress that an objective evaluation of epistemic uncertainties associated with any parameter used to support decisional processes must be a priority for the scientific community.
Human Behavioral Response in the 2019 Ridgecrest, California, Earthquakes: Assessing Immediate Actions Based on Data from “Did You Feel It?”
Authors: Goltz James D. , Park Hyejeong , Quitoriano Vincent , Wald David J. 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTHuman behavioral response to earthquake ground motion has long been a subject of multidisciplinary interest and research. In most versions of seismic intensity scales, human perceptions and behavior are one component of the assignment of intensity. Public health research has shown that actions taken during earthquakes have a significant impact on the incidence of injury or the maintenance of safety. Based on this research, emergency managers and organizations promoting emergency preparedness have advocated strategies such as drop, cover, and hold on (DCHO) and promoted this safety measure through public education and annual drills. The “Did You Feel It?” (DYFI) mapping system (see Data and Resources) based on an online questionnaire developed and maintained by the U.S. Geological Survey has provided opportunities for those who have experienced an earthquake to report this experience worldwide since 2004. The DYFI questionnaire, although designed to assign intensity, also contains questions regarding the behavior in which one has engaged during the earthquake. The questionnaire includes other important information that may elucidate behavioral response to earthquakes, including assigned intensity, emotional reaction, and whether damage occurred at the location where the earthquake was experienced. The very large number of people who completed DYFI questionnaires following the July 2019 Ridgecrest, California, earthquakes provides a robust dataset for analysis and suggests that as intensity and levels of fear increase, behavior becomes more active in terms of physical movement to locations of presumed safety. Among active responses including DCHO, going to a doorway, and running outside, DCHO was the least likely to be implemented. The study provides possible explanations for low participation in DCHO despite active campaigns to promote this strategy.
Pharmacological therapy for COVID-19: Where are we now and where are we going?
Authors: Juma Baha Eldin Hassan , Higazy Alya , H Ahmed Mohamed 
Published: July 2020

Background: Up to the point of writing this review, there is no scientific evidence of any effective medical therapy for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In this review, we attempted to discuss the current summary of evidence of some medication, currently in trial for the treatment of COVID-19.
Material and Methods: We have done an electronic literature search using the following database: PubMed, Medline, Scopus and Google scholar. These databases were searched using the keywords COVID-19 and pharmacological therapy.
Results: At present, there are no well randomized controlled studies which can give evidence for most of the therapy used for COVID-19. Several medications are in trials for COVID-19, among them: 1/ chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine; 2/anti-virals oseltamivir, remdesivir, lopinavir/ritonavir and other protease inhibitors; 3/antibiotics macrolide (Azithromycin); 4/cytokine therapy interferon; 5/ humanized monoclonal antibody tocilizumab; 6/adjunct therapies vitamins C, D, and herbal medicine; 7/ COVID-19 convalescent plasma; 8/systemic steroids; 9/expected COVID-19 vaccine. We have also included some of the herbal medicines that are commonly and widely used in the Middle East, Asia as well in Sudan, (black seeds, honey and Acacia Nilotica). It is worth mentioning that these herbal medicines have shown benefits in treating other diseases, but the evidence of their benefit in COVID-19 still needs to be established.
Conclusion: Currently there is no pharmacological therapy for the COVID-19. More research and randomized clinical trials are needed to find effective therapy or vaccine against COVID-19.
Keywords:
COVID-19, Pharmacotherapy, herbal medicine, Sudan
Índices Pronósticos de la Inducción del Parto
Authors: Agüero Oscar 
Published: July 2020

Se hace una revisión de los índices o "score" recientemente propuestos como pronósticos de la inducción del parto. Modificando ligeramente el de Bishop-Burnett de acuerdo a diferencias de criterio en cuanto a la apreciación del borramiento y consistencia cervicales y al encajamiento de la presentación, se hizo una evaluación de dicho índice en 442 inducciones hechas en clientela privada. Sólo un 1,4 % alcanzó la puntuación máxima de 9; la mayoría de los casos estuvieron comprendidos entre los puntos 5, 6 y 7. Reuniéndolos en dos grupos se obtuvo :grupo a) con puntuación baja - 3, 4 y 5 - abarcó el 44,4% promedio de período de latencia 78 minutos y de trabajo de parto, 7 horas, 7; grupo b) con puntuación entre 6 y 9, comprendió el 55,6%, promedio de latencia de 31 minutos y de trabajo de parto, 3 horas, 5. Sin embargo, hubo grandes variaciones individuales. La conclusión es que estos índices son más indicadores del parto por venir que del éxito o fracaso de la inducción en sí.
Trastornos de la Coagulación Sanguínea en Obstetricia
Authors: Karchmer K. Samuel , Gitler H. Mario 
Published: July 2020

Los problemas derivados de las alteraciones del mecanismo normal de la coagulación constituyen en obstetricia un capítulo de especial interés que ha sido motivo de numerosas investigaciones (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, 12, 13, 14, 16, 17, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 30), que por sus manifestaciones abruptas y severas se ha incluído dentro del grupo de las eh1ergencias obstétricas.
Várices en la Gestación y su tratamiento con Butil Simpatol
Authors: Acuña Díaz Gabriel 
Published: July 2020

Entre las complicaciones que más frecuentemente vemos en la práctica obstétrica, están las determinadas por las várices de los miembros inferiores, vulva y recto, especialmente las producidas por las primeras nombradas; ellas son causa de múltiples molestias, e incluso llegan a limitar gravemente la actividad de las gestantes; cerca del 20% (1) de éstas, tienen várices
Las clases teóricas
Authors: Fernández Bastidas Miguel A. 
Published: July 2020

La práctica adquirida en la preparación y aplicación de la psicoprofilaxis en mujeres embarazadas ( EMESFAO), producto de la cual fue la publicación de nuestro último libro, nos dá suficiente autoridad para opinar hoy en este Simposio, sobre el planeamiento y la utilidad de las clases teóricas en la aplicación de la psicoprofilaxis.