bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experiential learning theory and hybrid entrepreneurship: factors influencing the transition to full-time entrepreneurship
Authors: Ferreira Caitlin Candice 
Published: August 2020

PurposeThrough the lens of experiential learning theory, this conceptual paper examines the factors influencing the likelihood of transitioning from hybrid to full-time entrepreneurship. It is critical to evaluate the experiential learning that takes place during the hybrid phase, in order to establish a more nuanced understanding of the dynamic entrepreneurial journey.Design/methodology/approachThis conceptual paper made use of a secondary data analysis of the existing academic literature, in particular using a thematic analysis, in order to propose a conceptual model and associated propositions.FindingsThe proposed conceptual model identifies four factors: fear of failure, perceived risk, entrepreneurial competency development and self-efficacy that are predicted to influence the transition decision. This paper establishes hybrid entrepreneurship as an effective learning ground and path toward full-time entrepreneurship.Practical implicationsProviding insights into the factors that influence the transition, allows policy makers to establish systems and incubators to support hybrid entrepreneurs reach the tipping point at which they have sufficient knowledge to enter full-time entrepreneurship. This paper establishes the importance of developmental policies aimed at encouraging hybrid entrepreneurship. There are also implications for managers of hybrid entrepreneurs to establish policies that encourage a culture of transparency and reap the benefits of enhanced employee development.Originality/valueThe paper has three predominant sources of value. First, offering a multidisciplinary approach by extending an existing theory to a new context; second, through the establishment of a conceptual model, offering propositions readily linked to hypotheses for future empirical assessment and third, enhancing the visibility of hybrid entrepreneurship in the literature to encourage public policy intervention and support.
The development and application of a scale to measure the extent and forms of work-family conflict in collectivist cultures
Authors: Kengatharan Navaneethakrishnan , Edwards Christine 
Published: August 2020

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to advance the conceptualisation and measurement of work-family conflict (WFC) by developing and validating a scale that is relevant in a collectivist culture setting.Design/methodology/approachFirst, qualitative interviews with 15 bank employees were conducted to establish whether WFC was an issue, its meaning and form and the relevance of the Carlson, Kacmar and Williams' (2000) scale. Second, drawing on role theory and work-family border theory, an additional psychological dimension was developed, and the new scale was tested with data from a self-report survey of bank employees (n = 569). Third, the validity, reliability and measurement invariance of the scale were confirmed with data from a sample of secondary school teachers (n = 223).FindingsThe characteristics of collective societies pertinent to WFC were relevant to these middle-class employees, and they experience high levels of WFC. A model with a six-factor structure (time-based, strain-based and psychological-based WFC and FWC) represents the most theoretically and statistically sound measure of WFC for these samples.Practical implicationsWFC has many negative social and economic consequences. However, there is inadequate evidence on which to base human resource policies to address the issue in collective societies. This study developed and applied a more reliable measure to assess its extent and form to assist in the design of appropriate WFC management practice. It will be of interest to scholars researching and teaching international management, management consultants, policy makers and managers seeking to understand the problem of WFC in collective societies.Originality/valueThis is the first study to establish the validity of a psychological dimension of WFC in a collectivist culture. It confirms the relevance of the strain and time dimensions of the most commonly used multi-dimensional measure, but found no evidence of behavioural WFC.
Assessment of green supply chain management practices, performance, pressure and barriers amongst Indian manufacturer to achieve sustainable development
Authors: Kalpande Shyamkumar D. , Toke Lalit K. 
Published: August 2020

PurposeThe main objective of this paper is to integrate a typology of green supply chain management (GSCM) practices, performances, pressures and barriers with organizational performance theories. Also the aim of this paper is to investigate the present statues of GSCM amongst Indian manufacturer.Design/methodology/approachThrough a systematic review, the study identified 27 GSCM practices, 16 GSCM performances, 06 GSCM pressures and 15 GSCM barriers that were organized into categories according to their theoretical conception, organizational context and characteristics. The survey and interview methods are used for data collection and analyzed by five-point Likert scale.FindingsThe main finding of this paper is ranking of identified GSCM practices, performances, pressures and barriers. The study identified three organizational context dimensions (innovation, performance and management) and investigated the present status of GSCM. The main contribution of the study is the alignment of each category of GSCM practices, performances, pressures and barriers and organizational dimension with the selected theoretical lenses that can help future investigations to deepen the analysis of GSCM. Besides the theoretical contributions, the authors believe this contribution can also achieve practitioners.Originality/valueThe authors provide a comprehensive typology of GSCM practices, performances, pressures and barriers based on empirical evidence and conceptual arguments.
The influence of psychological, motivational, and behavioral factors on university students' achievements: the mediating effect of academic adjustment
Authors: Raza Syed Ali , Qazi Wasim , Yousufi Sara Qamar 
Published: August 2020

PurposeAcademic adjustment is an important indicator which represents the students' academic achievements. The purpose of this investigation is to examine the fundamental role of academic adjustment for the success of student's by considering the influence of several psychological, motivational and behavioral factors that affect the academic adjustment of students in the university which then influences the students' academic achievements.Design/methodology/approachData were gathered through self-administered questionnaires from 409 students enrolled in a Business degree program in an academic institution by using a convenience sampling technique. Structural equation modeling (SEM) technique has been applied for analyzing the data and the proposed hypothesis.FindingsResults obtained from partial least square (PLS)-SEM analysis indicated that academic adjustment is affected by psychological, motivational and behavioral factors and in turn influences the outcomes of success. Moreover, the findings also showed that psychological and motivational factors, directly and indirectly via partial mediation of adjustment, and behavioral factors via full mediation of academic adjustment influences the outcomes of success.Practical implicationsThe study implies that it is important for university policymakers that they should give great priority to fully exploiting its potential to facilitate student's effective adjustment to academic life. Universities should pay attention to enhancing the academic study skills of students which leads to gains in academic achievement. Furthermore, universities should integrate self-regulated skills and provides motivation to students which is the biggest contributor toward adjustment as well as this study broadens the understanding of psychological capital as a resource that enhances academic adjustment.Originality/valueVery little attention has been given to examining the role of academic adjustment in the success of students. Therefore, the present study makes two contributions to this research. First, the study broadens the understanding of psychological capital with the potential to strengthen adjustment with academic life in domains, i.e. academic achievement and institutional adjustment. Second, the study identifies which motivational and behavioral factors affect academic adjustment and achievement.
Strategy, nonstrategy and no strategy
Authors: Khalifa Azaddin Salem 
Published: August 2020

PurposeTo unravel three strategy-related concepts, frequently confused as one, by introducing the new concept of nonstrategy and proposing a novel threefold classification of strategy, nonstrategy and no strategy.Design/methodology/approachBuilding on some key insightful definitions of strategy, the paper infers five essential attributes of strategy. These, in turn, are used to introduce the new concept and classification.FindingsThe paper makes clear distinction between the different concepts of strategy, nonstrategy and no strategy that are usually confused in the literature.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper calls for a reexamination of what strategy is, how it can be better operationalized, how it should be distinguished from nonstrategy and no strategy and how strategy evolution and drift can be tracked.Practical implicationsThe paper clarifies what constitutes strategy, gives practitioners directions on how to strategize and warns against the potential of malpractice that produces nonstrategy.Originality/valueThe introduction of the new concept of nonstrategy and the development of a new classification that distinguishes three concepts that are usually confused as one.
Top management team demography and firm operating performance: a path analysis
Authors: Jukka Tapio 
Published: August 2020

PurposeThis paper examined the relationship between TMT demographic properties and firm performance using diversity and level variables and measuring differing constructs of firm performance representing divergent strategies.Design/methodology/approachStructural equation modelling was used to test the relationships between TMT demographic properties and firm performance measured as return on net operating assets (RNOA), and its disaggregates profit margin (PM) and asset turnover (ATO). Data were from 89 Finnish firms during the years 2008–2011, resulting in 320 observations.FindingsTMT team tenure had associations with RNOA through both PM and ATO while TMT age, age diversity, firm tenure, firm tenure diversity and team tenure diversity showed paths through ATO. TMT firm tenure diversity showed effects in opposing directions through PM and ATO.Practical implicationsThe results help to understand and apply the separate effects of age, firm tenure and team tenure on TMT and firm performance. These results also provide explanations on how these TMT properties affect firm performance in diverse types of firms pursuing different strategies.Originality/valueThe results suggest that both diversity and level in a measured TMT demographic property are linked with firm performance, and the effect can be in differing directions. These links go through differing paths when using disaggregated operational firm performance measures. Also, diversity in top management is not always beneficial since it can cause separation or conflict impairing performance.
Foreign currency borrowing and firm financing constraints in emerging markets: evidence from India
Authors: Mohapatra Sanket , Nagar Jay Prakash 
Published: August 2020

PurposeFirst, the purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between foreign-currency debt and firms' financing constraints for India, the second-largest emerging market economy after China. Second, this study provides insights into how firms' financing constraints evolve prior to, during and after foreign currency borrowing. Third, it demonstrates the extent to which banks' ownership status and firms' characteristics influence the relationship between foreign currency borrowing and firms' financing constraints.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses detailed balance sheet data for 2,512 nonfinancial listed firms in India for the 1996–2016 period to provide new evidence on the relationship between foreign currency borrowing and firms' financing constraints. This study uses a well-known measure of firms' financing constraints, the sensitivity of investment to internal cash flows (Fazzari et al., 1988, 2000; Hubbard, 1999; Love, 2003).FindingsFinancing constraints tend to be higher for firms with foreign currency debt exposure compared to other firms. Financing constraints are higher prior to new foreign currency borrowing (FCB), but decrease subsequently. Firms that have relationships with privately owned banks or foreign banks have higher financing constraints when undertaking new FCB than those with exclusive relationships with government-owned banks. Financing constraints for firms with FCB are higher during domestic credit booms than other periods. Nonmanufacturing firms and those with lower than median export revenues and higher than median tangible assets experience greater financing constraints compared to other firms when they undertake FCB.Originality/valueThe findings of this study suggest that although firms which borrow in foreign currencies are initially more financially constrained than other firms, the foreign currency borrowing reduces their financing constraints. The findings on how global and domestic macroeconomic conditions and firm-specific characteristics influence the relationship between financing constraints and foreign currency borrowing can provide directions for policy to better leverage the benefits of international financial integration.
Reasons and barriers for choosing police careers
Authors: Vermeer Sayer-Jane , Stickle Ben , Frame Mark , Hein Michael 
Published: August 2020

PurposeAs tensions between the police and community grow, one often called upon solution is a more diverse police force. However, building diversity presents many challenges, especially if there are barriers for choosing a career as a police officer. The present study explores motivations and barriers to becoming a police officer to help reduce the disparity between the community and police.Design/methodology/approachAn online survey of 344 persons in the US asked respondents to identify the motivations and barriers to choosing a career as a police officer. Survey questions centered on issues related to trust, police culture, practices of the police and lack of awareness of career opportunities.FindingsResults indicated that higher trust of the police, positive perceptions of police fairness and knowledge of potential police career opportunities increased an individual's interest in pursuing a career as a police officer. At the same time, negative views in these areas were barriers to interest in policing. These results give insight into where efforts can be focused to increase interest in becoming a police officer.Originality/valueThere is a lack of research on factors leading to an interest in a policing career. This study provides insight into the reasons for and barriers to entering a career in policing and provides a starting point for future research and practical implications for police departments seeking to increase interest in a policing career.
The interplay between servant leadership and organizational politics
Authors: Khattak Mohammad Nisar , O'Connor Peter 
Published: August 2020

PurposeUsing the frameworks of social exchange theory (SET) and conservation of resources (COR) Theory, this study examined the influence of servant leadership on employees' performance through the social exchange indicator (trust), and how perceived organizational politics (POP) influences these relationships.Design/methodology/approachSurvey data were collected from 236 supervisor/subordinate dyads in a public sector organization in Pakistan. Structural equation modeling and bootstrapping were used to test the study hypotheses.FindingsServant leadership was found to positively influence employees' task performance and organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs). Further, analysis revealed that trust in leader partially mediated the positive relationship between servant leadership and subordinates' task performance and OCBs. However, although POP moderated the indirect relationship between servant leadership and subordinates' task performance, it did not moderate the indirect relationships between servant leadership and OCBs.Originality/valueThis is one of the first studies to be conducted in the South Asian context, testing the relationship between servant leadership and employee performance through the social exchange indicator (trust) in a political organizational environment. Theoretical contributions, practical implications, study limitations and future research directions are discussed at the end of the study.
Pure P‐ and S‐wave equations in transversely isotropic media
Authors: Stovas Alexey , Alkhalifah Tariq , Waheed Umair bin 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACTPure‐mode wave propagation is important for applications ranging from imaging to avoiding parameter tradeoff in waveform inversion. Although seismic anisotropy is an elastic phenomenon, pseudo‐acoustic approximations are routinely used to avoid the high computational cost and difficulty in decoupling wave modes to obtain interpretable seismic images. However, such approximations may result in inaccuracies in characterizing anisotropic wave propagation. We propose new pure‐mode equations for P‐ and S‐waves resulting in an artefact‐free solution in transversely isotropic medium with a vertical symmetry axis. Our approximations are more accurate than other known approximations as they are not based on weak anisotropy assumptions. Therefore, the S‐wave approximation can reproduce the group velocity triplications in strongly anisotropic media. The proposed approximations can be used for accurate modelling and imaging of pure P‐ and S‐waves in transversely isotropic media.
Relationship between interspecific pollen transfer and pistil length in sympatric congeners, Clerodendrum trichotomum and C. izuinsulare
Authors: Miyake Takashi , Aihara Natsuki , Yokoi Hiroaki 
Published: August 2020

AbstractInterspecific pollen transfer (IPT) often leads to reproductive interference. Although character displacement of reproductive traits in plants is often considered a consequence of reproductive interference, few studies have tested whether intraspecific variation in floral morphology changes the intensity of reproductive interference among pollinator‐sharing plants. We investigated whether intraspecific variation in pistil length changes the proportion of IPT (interspecific pollen transfer) in sympatric populations of Clerodendrum trichotomum and C. izuinsulare on the two islands. On Toshima Island, C. izuinsulare flowers with shorter pistils were significantly less likely to receive C. trichotomum pollen, and there was a slight tendency for longer pistiles of C. trichotomum flowers to receive less C. izuinsulare pollen, suggesting that IPT has caused character displacement in pistil length in these congeneric plants. In contrast, we did not detect any relationship between pistil length and the proportion of IPT for the two species on Niijima Island. The discrepancy between the islands may reflect differences in pollinator assemblages.
Fostering Enabling Perceptions of Management Controls during Post‐Acquisition Integration*
Authors: Väisänen Marjo , Tessier Sophie , Järvinen Janne T. 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this paper is to increase our understanding of how enabling perceptions of new management controls (MCs) can be fostered. Prior research suggests that employees are more likely to use new MCs if they perceive them as enabling. However, rapid implementation of new MCs due to circumstances such as mergers and acquisitions can leave employees feeling coerced into using them, making it difficult to foster enabling perceptions. Based on a case study where an acquirer faces pressure to impose rigid controls on an acquired firm, we suggest factors contributing to enabling perceptions. Using interviews, observation, and document analysis, we find that positive relationships and mutual trust between the acquirer and the acquiree facilitated enabling perceptions of the MCs. We show that managers at the acquirer actively fostered trust using trust‐building activities and communicated their intentions underlying the implementation of new MCs. Doing so helped employees rationalize the controls as tools to help them do their work tasks. We also find that positive relationships reinforced by regular meetings were a way of providing assistance to employees in dealing with rigid MCs. This study contributes to the literature on enabling controls by developing a processual framework that suggests how trust can foster enabling perceptions from the intentions behind the implementation of new MCs, to their development process and daily use. In doing so, the study further develops our understanding of the relationship between enabling control and trust and helps in understanding how rigid controls can be implemented without generating mistrust.
Population growth of Rhopalosiphum padi under different thermal regimes: an agent‐based model approach
Authors: Wiest Roberto , Salvadori José R. , Fernandes José M.C. , Lau Douglas , Pavan Willington , Zanini Welington R. , Toebe Josué , Lazzaretti Alexandre T. 
Published: August 2020

Rhopalosiphum padi (Linnaeus, 1758) is abundant and has a broad geographic distribution. It is one of the most important cereal pests. In Brazil, the economic losses associated with this aphid result mainly from the transmission of the barley yellow dwarf viruses.
Decision‐making for the adoption of management measures must consider the initial population size, the potential for population increase, and the time when this population will reach levels at which the resulting damage is equal to the costs of control measures. Consequently, the establishment of management programmes and decision support systems should be based on models that estimate the potential population growth of this pest species.
Temperature is one of the main factors that determine the growth rate of insect populations. Generally, controlled experiments are designed to examine the relationship of temperature at fixed intervals in relation to the development phases of insects. In nature, thermal regimes are not constant, and population growth is the result of a series of combined events.
In this work, the effects of different thermal regimes on the population growth of R. padi were compared.
An agent‐based model was used to estimate population growth, and the parameters defined in controlled regimes were compared with fluctuating temperatures under natural conditions.
The temperature‐driven model presented here can serve as a tool to predict population growth and decision‐making for aphid management.
The model structure and the proposed experimental design allow the addition of modules and layers of factors that can progressively affect the populations of aphids to gradually improve the model.