bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Promoted disappearance of CO2 hydrate self-preservation effect by surfactant SDS
Authors: Chen Xueping , Zhang Peng , Li Shuaijun , Chen Wenting , Wu Qingbai , Zhan Jing , Wang Yingmei 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Capture, storage and utilization of CO2 gas through the hydrate technology is deemed as a promising approach to solve the problem on global warming. After efficient transportation of CO2 gas with the self-preservation effect of hydrate, the dissociations of hydrate are required in some practical scenarios. In order to investigate the initial dissociation properties of hydrates while the self-preservation effect was removed, CO2 hydrates were formed in different experimental conditions and media and then frozen. After that, the self-preservation effect of hydrates was slowly removed through a uniform heating method. The measurement results exhibit that comparing with the pure water (PW), the initial dissociation temperatures (IDT) are significantly lowered by the silica gel powder (SG) and sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) solution (SS). Similarly, the initial dissociation rates (IDR) of hydrates are also reduced. These patterns are opposite to the traditional elucidating mechanism of the self-preservation effect of hydrate. Hence, the theory of ice shell was supplemented furthermore. In addition, it is found that the final duration time of the entire dissociation process of hydrate after losing the preservation effect presents obvious dependence on the initial dissociation rate (IDR). These findings are expected to provide some references for the future transportation of CO2 gas with the self-preservation effect of hydrate.
Deep learning from HE slides to predict the clinical benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy in hormone receptor-positive breast cancer
Authors: Cho Soo Youn , Lee Jeong Hoon , Ryu Jai Min , Lee Jeong Eon , Cho Eun Yoon , Ahn Chang Ho , Paeng Kyunghyun , Yoo Inwan , Ock Chan-Young , Song Sang Yong 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: The predictive value of adjuvant chemotherapy for early-stage hormone receptor-positive breast cancer has been only validated by a 21-gene expression assay. We hypothesized that deep-learning prediction from HE images, called Lunit-SCOPE, is a potential prognostic and predictive biomarker of adjuvant chemotherapy.Methods: We retrospectively collected HE slides from 1153 de-identified breast cancer patients at the Samsung Medical Center (SMC) in order to develop a deep-learning algorithm called Lunit-SCOPE. The histological parameters from 255 patients, deciphered by Lunit-SCOPE, were trained to predict the recurrence score (RS) using the 21-gene assay from Oncotype DX. We validated the model’s performance using the recurrence survival of 898 patients and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort, and examined related biological functions through RNA sequence data.Results: The histologic parameter-based RS prediction model predicted the oncotype DX score (R2=0.96) and the recurrence survival analysis on the validation (p<0.01) and TCGA cohort (p<0.01), where the most important variables were the nuclear grade and the mitotic cells in the cancer epithelium. Of the 85 patients classified as the high-risk group, 72 patients who received adjuvant therapy had a significantly better survival (p<0.01). The functions of the top 300 highly correlated genes with a predicted RS were enriched for cell cycle, nuclear division and cell division. Of the 21-genes from the Oncotype DX, the predicted RS had positive correlations with the proliferation category genes and was negatively correlated with the prognostic genes in the estrogen category.Conclusion: An integrative analysis using Lunit-SCOPE predicts a high risk of recurrence and those who would benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy for early-stage hormone-positive breast cancer.
Incidence of Household Catastrophic and Impoverishing Health Expenditures among Patients with Breast Cancer in Iran
Authors: Ahmadi Faranak , Farrokh-Eslamlou Hamidreza , Yusefzadeh Hasan , Alinia Cyrus 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Breast cancer disease is the most common cancer among Iranian women. Management of this disease requires expensive services and care, imposing a significant financial burden on the households. This study calculated out-of-pocket (OOP), catastrophic health expenditure (CHE), and impoverishing health spending attributed to breast cancer in Iran.Methods: In this cross-sectional household study, clinical and financial information on breast cancer and also household information (expenditures and income) were obtained through face-to-face interviews and completing a questionnaire by 138 women with this disease in 2019. To defining the CHE, we applied three non-food expenditure thresholds of 40%, 20%, and 10%. Disease costs included periodical visits, diagnostic services, hospitalization care, treatment and rehabilitation services, home, and informal care. Households were disaggregated into socioeconomic status quintiles based on their monthly consumption expenditures, where SES classifications were standardized by Adult Equivalent values of consumption expenditures. For statistical comparisons of the incidence of CHE and impoverishing spending, we applied the independent t-test and one-way ANOVA respectively for two and more than two separate subgroups. Besides identifying the factors affecting these indicators, we performed the two different multivariate logistic regression models.Results: This study finds that each patient had an average OOP payment of $US 97.87 for the requested services, leading to impoverished of 5.07% and exposed to CHE of 13.77% of their households. These indicators have been mainly concentrated among the poor, as they have spent a large part of their meager income on buying the needed services, and for this purpose, most of them have been forced to sell their assets, borrow, or take a bank loan.Conclusions: Vulnerable people should be supported by expanding insurance coverage, governmental supporting programs, and increasing access to quality and effective public sector services.
Stroke prediction in patients presenting with isolated dizziness in the emergency department
Authors: Kim June-sung , Bae Hong Jun , Kim Muyeol , Ahn Shin , Sohn Chang Hwan , Seo Dong Woo , Kim Won Young 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Diagnosing stroke in patients experiencing dizziness without neurological deficits is challenging for physicians. This study tried to evaluate the prevalence of acute stroke in patients who presented with isolated dizziness without neurological deficits at the emergency department (ED), and determine the relevant stroke predictors in this population. This was an observational, retrospective record review of consecutive 2,215 adult patients presenting with dizziness at the ED between August 2019 and February 2020. Multivariate analysis was performed to identify risk factors for acute stroke. 1,239 patients were enrolled and analyzed. Acute stroke was identified in 55 of 1,239 patients (4.5%); most cases (96.3%) presented as ischemic stroke with frequent involvement (29.1%) of the cerebellum. In the multivariate analysis, the history of cerebrovascular injury (odds ratio [OR] 3.08 [95% confidence interval {CI} 1.24 to 7.67]) and an age of > 65 years (OR 3.01 [95% CI 1.33 to 6.83]) were the independent risk factors for predicting acute stroke. The combination of these two risks showed a higher specificity (94.26%) than that of each factor alone. High-risk patients, such as those aged over 65 years or with a history of cerebrovascular injury, may require further neuroimaging workup in the ED to rule out stroke.
Revelation of candidate genes and molecular mechanism of reproductive seasonality in carp fish (Labeo rohita Ham) by RNA sequencing
Authors: Jaiswal Sarika , Nandi Samiran , Iquebal Mir , Jasrotia Rahul , Patra Sunita , Mishra Gayatri , Udit Uday , Sahu Dinesh , Angadi U , Meher Prem , Routray Padmanav , Sundaray Jitendra , Verma Dhananjay , Das Paramananda , Jayasankar Pallipuram , Rai Anil , Kumar Dinesh 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundCarp fish, rohu (Labeo rohita Ham) is important freshwater aquaculture species of South-East Asia having seasonal reproductive rhythm. There is no holistic study at transcriptome level revealing key candidate genes involved in such circannual rhythm regulated by biological clock genes (BCGs). Seasonality manifestation has two contrasting phases of reproduction, i.e., post-spawning regression and initiation of gonadal activity appropriate for discovery of associated candidate genes. It can be deciphered by RNA sequencing of tissues involved in BPGL (Brain-Pituitary-Gonad-Liver) axis controlling seasonality. How far such BCGs of this fish are evolutionarily conserved across different phyla is unknown. Such study can be of further use to enhance fish productivity as seasonality restricts seed production beyond monsoon season.ResultA total of ~150 Gb of transcriptomic data of four tissues viz., BPGL were generated using Illumina TruSeq. De-novo assembled BPGL tissues revealed 75554 differentially expressed transcripts, 115534 SSRs, 65584 SNPs, 514 pathways, 5379 transcription factors, 187 mature miRNA which regulates candidate genes represented by 1576 differentially expressed transcripts which are available in the form of web-genomic resources. Findings were validated by qPCR. This is first report in carp fish having 32 BCGs found widely conserved in fish, amphibian, reptile, birds, prototheria, marsupials and placental mammals. This is due to universal mechanism of rhythmicity in response to environment and earth rotation having adaptive and reproductive significance.ConclusionThis study elucidates evolutionary conserved mechanism of photo-periodism sensing, neuroendocrine secretion, metabolism and yolk synthesis in liver, gonadal maturation, muscular growth with sensory and auditory perception in this fish. Study reveals fish as a good model for research on biological clock besides its relevance in reproductive efficiency enhancement.
Diversity of culturable bacteria endowed with antifungal metabolites biosynthetic characteristics associated with Tea rhizosphere soil of Assam, India
Authors: Dutta Jintu , Thakur Debajit 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
Rhizosphere soil is a crucial niche for the diverse beneficial microbial communities for plant-microbe interactions. This study explores the antagonistic potential and diversity of the rhizosphere soil bacteria from commercial tea estates of Assam, India which comes under Indo-Burma mega-biodiversity hotspot. Rhizosphere soil samples were collected from six different tea estates to isolate the bacteria. The bacterial isolates were subjected to evaluate for the antagonistic activity against fungal pathogens. The potential isolates were investigated for chitinase production and presence of chitinase gene. The bacterial genetic diversity was studied by ARDRA and BOX-PCR fingerprinting.
Results
A total of 217 rhizobacteria were isolated from tea rhizosphere soil and of which 50 isolates exhibited the potential antagonistic activity against fungal pathogens. Among them, 12 isolates showed extracellular chitinase activity and the presence of chitinase genes. The sequencing and analysis of the chitinase gene using PDB protein databank at the amino acid level showed the presence of ChiA and ChiA74 gene in the isolates which involved in the hydrolysis of chitin. The analysis showed that 6 most potential isolates exhibited antagonistic activity against all tested fungal pathogens and presence of chitinase genes within their genome. The diversity of 50 antagonistic bacterial isolates were analysed through ARDRA and BOX-PCR fingerprinting. Diversity analysis and molecular identification of the rhizosphere isolates revealed that these antagonistic isolates predominantly belonged to the genus Bacillus followed by Enterobacter, Serratia, Lysinibacillus, Pseudomonas, and Burkholderia.
Conclusion
The present study establishes that rhizobacteria isolated from the poorly explored tea rhizosphere soil could be a rich reservoir for the investigation of potential antagonistic bacterial candidates for sustainable agricultural and industrial applications.
The utility of point-of-care urinary lipoarabinomannan testing for the diagnosis of tuberculosis in critically ill patients: a prospective observational study
Authors: de Vasconcellos Kim , Ramjathan Praksha , Singh Dhivendra 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Tuberculosis is a major global public health concern. Patients with tuberculosis who require critical care have a high mortality and delay in initiating anti-tuberculous therapy is associated with increased mortality. Lipoarabinomannan (LAM) is a lipopolysaccharide found in the cell wall of mycobacterium tuberculosis. Urinary LAM may be used as a bedside diagnostic test for tuberculosis.Methods: The study was a single centre, prospective observational study that compared the utility of urinary LAM with conventional tuberculosis diagnostic modalities in patients with suspected tuberculosis who required intensive care admission. Urinary LAM testing was performed using the Alere Determine TB LAM Ag lateral flow assay test strips. A patient was classified as having confirmed tuberculosis if they met the following criteria: a clinical presentation compatible with tuberculosis, with a positive TB culture, or 1 positive GeneXpert, or a histological diagnosis of tuberculosis.Results: Fifty patients were included in the study, with 12 having confirmed tuberculosis. Urinary LAM had a sensitivity of 50.0% and a specificity of 84.2% for confirmed tuberculosis. This compared with a sensitivity of 72.7% and a specificity of 100% for GeneXpert. There was no association between HIV status and CD4 count and urinary LAM results.Conclusion: Urinary LAM allows for rapid bedside diagnosis of tuberculosis in critically ill patients. A positive urinary LAM should prompt consideration to initiate antituberculous treatment while the results of further diagnostic testing are awaited.
Morphine Addiction and Its Withdrawal Effects on Prefrontal Cortex Using Concurrent Study of LFP&nbsp;and OISi
Authors: Mohammadzadeh Leila , Alizadeh Amir , Feiz Mohammad , Jamali Shole , Abedi Mohaddeseh , Haghparast Abbas , Latifi Hamid 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Opiates are among the widely abused substances worldwide. Also, the clinical use of opioids can cause unwanted and potentially serious consequences such as developing tolerance and dependence. In this study, we simultaneously measured the changes induced after morphine dependence and naloxone-induced withdrawal syndrome on the resting state functional connectivity (rsFC) and local field potential (LFP) power in prefrontal cortex of the rat. Our results revealed that acute morphine administration significantly increased the LFP power in all frequency bands as well as the rsFC strength of the prefrontal cortex, and naloxone injection reversed this effect. In contrast, chronic morphine administration reduced neural activity and general correlation values in intrinsic signals as well as the LFP power in all frequency bands. In addicted rats, after each morphine administration, the LFP power in all frequency bands as well as the rsFC strength of the prefrontal cortex were increased and these effects were further enhanced after naloxone precipitated withdrawal syndrome. We conclude that general correlation merely reflects the field activity of the local cortices imaged.
Different cholinergic cell groups in the basal forebrain regulate social interaction and social recognition memory
Authors: Okada Kana , Nishizawa Kayo , Kobayashi Tomoko , Sakata Shogo , Hashimoto Kouichi , Kobayashi Kazuto 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Social behaviour is a complex construct that is reported to include several components of social approach, interaction and recognition memory. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is mainly characterized by progressive dementia and is accompanied by cognitive impairments, including a decline in social ability. The cholinergic system is a potential constituent for the neural mechanisms underlying social behaviour, and impaired social ability in AD may have a cholinergic basis. However, the involvement of cholinergic function in social behaviour has not yet been fully understood. Here, we performed a selective elimination of cholinergic cell groups in the basal forebrain in mice to examine the role of cholinergic function in social interaction and social recognition memory by using the three-chamber test. Elimination of cholinergic neurons in the medial septum (MS) and vertical diagonal band of Broca (vDB) caused impairment in social interaction, whereas ablating cholinergic neurons in the nucleus basalis magnocellularis (NBM) impaired social recognition memory. These impairments were restored by treatment with cholinesterase inhibitors, leading to cholinergic system activation. Our findings indicate distinct roles of MS/vDB and NBM cholinergic neurons in social interaction and social recognition memory, suggesting that cholinergic dysfunction may explain social ability deficits associated with AD symptoms.
Risk factors for acute kidney injury in elderly patients after coronary artery bypass grafting: A Chinese population
Authors: Hou Xuejian , Liu Taoshuai , Xu Shijun , Huang Zhuhui , Li Yang , Dong Ran 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Elderly patients are more likely to have adverse complications after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). There are few studies on the risk factors of acute kidney injury (AKI) after surgery in elderly patients, especially in the Asian population. This study retrospectively analyse the risk factors of AKI in Chinese elderly patients after CABG, and establish a risk prediction model to detect these risk factors early and take active intervention measures.Methods: A total of 432 patients were included in this study from 2018 to 2019. AKI was defined according to the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria. The patients were divided into AKI group and non AKI group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to screen out the factors with P < 0.05. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was made for the predictive risk model. At the same time, the incidence of complications after CABG was compared between the two groups.Results: Of 432 patients in the study, 119 (27.5%) developed AKI. The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), ≥ 3 coronary anastomoses, intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) implantation and ventilation time were independent risk factors for AKI. The area of the ROC curve was (0.702, 95% confidence interval (CI) [0.643-0.761], P < 0.001). There were 7 deaths in the AKI group, which was significantly higher than that in the non AKI group. In addition, in the reoperation and postoperative myocardial infarction, the AKI group was also higher than the non AKI group. Conclusion: The eGFR, ≥ 3 coronary anastomoses, IABP implantation and ventilation time are independent risk factors for AKI in elderly patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. Early discovering these risk factors and taking intervention measures are helpful to reduce the occurrence of AKI after CABG and improve the prognosis of patients.
PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway Mediates the Proliferation, Migration and Invasion of Papillary Craniopharyngioma Cells
Authors: Zhou Lin , Yang Cheng Xing , Fang Lin Chun , Bao You Yuan , Wang Zhi Gang , Li Shao Yang , Li Min De , Lan Shi Hai , Wu Xiao , Tong Zhi Gao , Zheng Su Yue , Tang Bin , Hong Tao 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Objective:Craniopharyngiomas are rare, histologically benign but clinically challenging neoplasms. Here, we aimed to interrogate the effect and significance of Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) signaling pathway on papillary craniopharyngioma (PCP) cell growth and survival.Methods: We used Western blotting (WB) experiments to evaluate the expression of the PI3K/protein kinase B (AKT) in Craniopharyngiomas tissues, relative to health tissues. Primary tumor cells were obtained from fresh PCP samples by cell culture and then determined by cell morphology, immunofluorescence staining and expression of specific cell markers. In this study, PCP cell lines, isolated from fresh PCP samples, were treated with different concentrations of LY294002, a PI3K/AKT signaling inhibitor, to evaluate their proliferation, migration and invasion. We determined the cell proliferation using Cell Counting Kit-8 and colony formation. We then used flow cytometry to evaluate cell apoptosis and cell cycle. In addition, cell migration and invasion levels were determined by wound healing and Transwell assays, respectively.Results: Our data demonstrated that the expression of phosphorylated-PI3K/AKT was upregulated in human craniopharyngioma tissues compared to the normal control tissues. Immunofluorescence assays showed the presence of cytokeratin (pan CK) and vimentin protein (VIM) in the PCP primary cells. Furthermore, inhibition of PI3K/AKT signaling blocks the proliferation, migration and invasion of the PCP primary cells.Conclusions:Taken together, our data robustly demonstrates that the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway mediates the proliferation, migration and invasion of the PCP cells.
Peripheral BDNF and psycho-behavioral aspects are positively modulated by high-intensity intermittent exercise and fitness in healthy women
Authors: de Poli Rodrigo , Lopes Vithor , Lira Fabio , Zagatto Alessandro , Jimenez-Maldonado Alberto , Antunes Barbara 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The study aimed to investigate the effect of high-intensity intermittent effort (HIIE) performed in luteal and follicular menstrual phases on BDNF, cognitive function, mood and exercise enjoyment. Fourteen healthy women completed four experimental sessions, randomly. For each menstrual phase one graded exercise test (GXT) and one HIIE session (10 × 1-min runs 90% peak GXT velocity [1-min recovery]) were performed. Blood samples were collected at rest and immediately after efforts, as well profile of mood states questionnaire (POMS) and Stroop-task application. During the HIIE, subjective scales were applied (feeling, felt arousal, rate of perceived exertion and physical activity enjoyment). In serum BDNF no difference was observed between menstrual phases (p = 0.87). Nevertheless, HIIE increased BDNF concentration during two phases (p = 0.03). In addition, the magnitude of circulating BDNF changes (BDNFΔ) and VO2max showed an inverse relationship in follicular phase (r= -0.539, p = 0.046), whereas in luteal phase the BDNFΔ were negatively correlated with duration (r= -0.684, p = 0.007) and RPE (r= -0.726, p = 0.004) in GXT. No difference between menstrual phases was observed for POMS (p ≥ 0.05); however, HIIE attenuates tension (p < 0.01), depression (p < 0.01) and anger moods (p < 0.01), independently of menstrual phases. Subjective scales and Stroop-task did not show differences. Menstrual cycle does not affect BDNF, cognitive function, mood and exercise enjoyment, but HIIE increases peripheral BDNF and attenuate tension, depression and anger independently of menstrual phase. Besides, the BDNFΔ were correlated with fitness status in follicular phase, exhibiting higher changes in women with lower fitness status.