bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations between Maternal Lipid Profiles and Pregnancy Complications: A Prospective Population-Based Study
Authors: Zhang Yiqi , Lan Xi , Cai Congjie , Li Run , Gao Yan , Yang Liuqing , Wu Cheng , Dong Hongli , Pang Xinxin , Bai Dan , Zeng Guo 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Objective To investigate whether plasma lipid profiles are independently associated with pregnancy complications including gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy (HDCP), and intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP).
Study Design A prospective study was conducted among 1,704 pregnant women at three medical institutions in Chengdu, China. The concentrations of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were measured at gestational weeks 12 ± 1, 24 ± 1, and 34 ± 1. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between lipid profiles and pregnancy complications. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was performed to determine the value of lipid profiles to predict GDM and HDCP.
Results After adjusting for potential confounders, TG, TC, and LDL-C in the first trimester were independently associated with GDM (TG: odds ratio [OR] =2.00, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.57–2.56; TC: OR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.16–1.64; LDL-C: OR = 1.43, 95% CI: 1.14–1.79) and HDCP (TG: OR = 2.42, 95% CI: 1.56–3.78, TC: OR = 1.64, 95% CI: 1.04–2.57; LDL-C: OR = 1.87, 95% CI: 1.07–3.25). The TC concentration during the whole pregnancy (first trimester: OR = 1.53, 95% CI: 1.13–2.08; second trimester: OR = 1.31, 95% CI: 1.06–1.61; third trimester: OR = 1.39, 95% CI: 1.17–2.04) and LDL-C in the last two trimesters (second trimester: OR = 1.62, 95% CI: 1.30–2.04; third trimester: OR = 1.56, 95% CI: 1.29–1.88) were positively associated with ICP. HDL-C in the third trimester was negatively associated with the risk of ICP (OR = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.22–0.98). Combining lipid profiles in the first trimester with the other common predictors to predict GDM or HDCP owned stronger predictive power with the largest area under the curve (GDM: 0.643 [95% CI: 0.613–0.673], HDCP: 0.707 [95% CI: 0.610–0.804]) than either indicator alone.
Conclusion Maternal lipid profiles during the whole pregnancy are significantly associated with GDM, HDCP, and ICP. Combining lipid profiles in the first trimester with the other common predictors could effectively improve the power of predicting GDM and HDCP.
Creating an Age-Friendly Public Health System
Authors: De Biasi Anne , Wolfe Megan , Carmody Jane , Fulmer Terry , Auerbach John 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background and Objectives
The public health system in America—at all levels—has relatively few specialized initiatives that prioritize the health and well-being of older adults. And when public health does address the needs of older adults, it is often as an afterthought. In consultation with leaders in public health, health care, and aging, an innovative Framework for an Age-Friendly Public Health System (Framework) was developed outlining roles that public health could fulfill, in collaboration with aging services, to address the challenges and opportunities of an aging society.

Research Design and Methods
With leadership from Trust for America’s Health and The John A. Hartford Foundation, the Florida Departments of Health and Elder Affairs are piloting the implementation of this Framework within Florida’s county health departments and at the state level. The county health departments are expanding data collection efforts to identify older adult needs, creating new alliances with aging sector partners, coordinating with other agencies and community organizations to implement evidence-based programs and policies that address priority needs, and aligning efforts with the age-friendly communities and age-friendly health systems movements.

Results, and Discussion and Implications
The county health departments in Florida participating in the pilot are leveraging the Framework to expand public health practice, programs, and policies that address health services and health behaviors, social, and economic factors and environmental conditions that allow older adults to age in place and live healthier and more productive lives. The model being piloted in Florida can be tailored to meet the unique needs of each community and their older adult population.
The Sex of History, or Object/Matters
Authors: Arondekar Anjali 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The mandate to think of Stonewall as a global historical event within South Asia necessitates a difficult act of translation. Was my goal as a historian of sexuality and South Asia to decentre the primacy of Stonewall with local historical events of import? Or was it more epistemological, to address instead the question of why historical causality and memorialization works differently within the fabular geography that is South Asia? In other words, did the history of the Stonewall riots create more of a political demand on subaltern collectivities to ‘produce’ their own seismic historical event, or did it foreground even further the epistemological divide between the West and the Rest? This brief essay is a meditation on these questions and more.
Polygenetic Risk Scores for Major Psychiatric Disorders Among Schizophrenia Patients, Their First-Degree Relatives, and Healthy Participants
Authors: Ohi Kazutaka , Nishizawa Daisuke , Shimada Takamitsu , Kataoka Yuzuru , Hasegawa Junko , Shioiri Toshiki , Kawasaki Yasuhiro , Hashimoto Ryota , Ikeda Kazutaka 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background
The genetic etiology of schizophrenia (SCZ) overlaps with that of other major psychiatric disorders in samples of European ancestry. The present study investigated transethnic polygenetic features shared between Japanese SCZ or their unaffected first-degree relatives and European patients with major psychiatric disorders by conducting polygenic risk score (PRS) analyses.

Methods
To calculate PRSs for 5 psychiatric disorders (SCZ, bipolar disorder [BIP], major depressive disorder, autism spectrum disorder, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder) and PRSs differentiating SCZ from BIP, we utilized large-scale European genome-wide association study (GWAS) datasets as discovery samples. PRSs derived from these GWASs were calculated for 335 Japanese target participants [SCZ patients, FRs, and healthy controls (HCs)]. We took these PRSs based on GWASs of European psychiatric disorders and investigated their effect on risk in Japanese SCZ patients and unaffected first-degree relatives.

Results
The PRSs obtained from European SCZ and BIP patients were higher in Japanese SCZ patients than in HCs. Furthermore, PRSs differentiating SCZ patients from European BIP patients were higher in Japanese SCZ patients than in HCs. Interestingly, PRSs related to European autism spectrum disorder were lower in Japanese first-degree relatives than in HCs or SCZ patients. The PRSs of autism spectrum disorder were positively correlated with a young onset age of SCZ.

Conclusions
These findings suggest that polygenic factors related to European SCZ and BIP and the polygenic components differentiating SCZ from BIP can transethnically contribute to SCZ risk in Japanese people. Furthermore, we suggest that reduced levels of an ASD-related genetic factor in unaffected first-degree relatives may help protect against SCZ development.
Degenerate elliptic equations for resonant wave problems
Authors: Nicolopoulos Anouk , Campos Pinto Martin , Després Bruno , Ciarlet Patrick 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The modelling of resonant waves in 2D plasma leads to the coupling of two degenerate elliptic equations with a smooth coefficient $\alpha $ and compact terms. The coefficient $\alpha $ changes sign. The region where $\{\alpha&gt;0\}$ is propagative, and the region where $\{\alpha &lt;0\}$ is non propagative and elliptic. The two models are coupled through the line $\varSigma =\{\alpha =0\}$. Generically, it is an ill-posed problem and additional information must be introduced to get a satisfactory treatment at $\varSigma $. In this work, we define the solution by relying on the limiting absorption principle ($\alpha $ is replaced by $\alpha +i0^+$) in an adapted functional setting. This setting lies on the decomposition of the solution in a regular and a singular part, which originates at $\varSigma $, and on quasi-solutions. It leads to a new well-posed mixed variational formulation with coupling. As we design explicit quasi-solutions, numerical experiments can be carried out, which illustrate the good properties of this new tool for numerical computation.
Social Capital’s Role in Humanitarian Crises
Authors: Aldrich Daniel P , Kolade Oluwaseun , McMahon Kate , Smith Robert 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe growing scale and persistence of humanitarian crises constitute a critical problem for nation-states, aid organizations and crisis-affected people. Many humanitarian responders continue to focus on material aid, providing essential supplies and services during these crises, while other actors restore physical infrastructures. We believe aid efforts are overlooking the pivotal nature of horizontal and vertical ties within and between communities. Using qualitative and quantitative data from Uganda and Nigeria, we show how social capital matters even during the most severe crises. Our interviews and regression analyses of survey data show that deeper reservoirs of bridging social capital associate significantly with the preparedness of individuals displaced by violence in Nigeria, and that bonding and linking social capital correlates with greater resilience for people stressed by food insecurity in Uganda’s Karamoja region. Some concrete policy recommendations emerge for aid agencies and decision-makers that can invest in rebuilding social infrastructure in affected populations.
First-order justification logic with constant domain semantics
Authors: Fitting Melvin , Salvatore Felipe 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Justification logic is a term used to identify a relatively new family of modal-like logics. There is an established literature about propositional justification logic, but incursions on the first-order case are scarce. In this paper we present a constant domain semantics for the first-order logic of proofs with the Barcan Formula (FOLPb); then we prove Soundness and Completeness Theorems. A monotonic semantics for a version of this logic without the Barcan Formula is already in the literature, but constant domains require substantial new machinery, which may prove useful in other contexts as well. Although we work mainly with one system, we also indicate how to generalize these results for the quantified version of JT45, the justification counterpart of the modal logic S5. We believe our methods are more generally applicable, but initially examining specific cases should make the work easier to follow.
Ravel’s ‘Trois Poèmes de Stéphane Mallarmé’: A Philosophy of Composition
Authors: Kilpatrick Emily 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
In a 1927 interview Maurice Ravel declared that Stéphane Mallarmé was ‘not merely the greatest French poet, but the only French poet, since he made the French language, not designed for poetry, poetical’. Around the same period, he twice asserted that in his Trois poèmes de Stéphane Mallarmé (1913) he had sought to ‘transpose’ Mallarmé’s poetry into music. A crucial element of Mallarmé’s allusive poetry is the way it meshes content and form: his chosen forms do not merely contain the sentiment, but make it manifest. How much more complicated is the task of a composer seeking to ‘transpose’ a work from one medium to another, when form and expression are so inextricably intertwined? The present study considers how Ravel’s Mallarmé Poèmes sought to ‘transpose’ imagery and structure, and how tellingly these elements interact with Mallarmé’s reflexive poetic technique. It offers a detailed history and context for his chosen poems, suggesting a rationale for his choices, and outlining the aesthetic ideas that link them as a triptych. Exploring aspects of the songs’ harmonic and proportional design, as well as the symbolic properties of tonality, pitch, and timbre, the study argues that Ravel’s Mallarmé Poèmes realize long-held preoccupations with the nature of form and the compositional process.
Brian Ferneyhough’s ‘Transit’, The London Sinfonietta, and the Emergence of Complexity in 1977
Authors: Hawkins Roddy 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
In November 1977 the London Sinfonietta began its tenth-anniversary season with a performance in London of Transit by Brian Ferneyhough. The concert marks a significant moment in the formation of Ferneyhough’s public persona, just as the tenth-anniversary season marked a turning point for the London Sinfonietta. In this article I undertake a microhistory of this performance in order to ascertain how Ferneyhough’s reputation for complexity was forged in Britain. Rooted in performance and reception history, and based around close readings of key tropes, I show that early critical opinion ranged from sympathetic to ambivalent or curious; yet it never developed into the type of hostility commonly referenced in critiques of New Complexity. The historical detail of this pivotal performance, I argue, suggests the need for a broader cultural history attuned to the transitional state that characterizes both the history and the historiography of new music in the late 1970s.
Not so fast: LB-1 is unlikely to contain a 70 M⊙ black hole
Authors: El-Badry Kareem , Quataert Eliot 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT
The recently discovered binary LB-1 has been reported to contain a ${\sim }70\, \mathrm{M}_{\odot}$ black hole (BH). The evidence for the unprecedentedly high mass of the unseen companion comes from reported radial velocity (RV) variability of the H α emission line, which has been proposed to originate from an accretion disc around a BH. We show that there is in fact no evidence for RV variability of the H α emission line, and that its apparent shifts instead originate from shifts in the luminous star’s H α absorption line. If not accounted for, such shifts will cause a stationary emission line to appear to shift in antiphase with the luminous star. We show that once the template spectrum of a B star is subtracted from the observed Keck/HIRES spectra of LB-1, evidence for RV variability vanishes. Indeed, the data rule out periodic variability of the line with velocity semi-amplitude $K_{\rm H\,\alpha } \gt 1.3\, {\rm {km}} \, s^{-1}$. This strongly suggests that the observed H α emission does not originate primarily from an accretion disc around a BH, and thus that the mass ratio cannot be constrained from the relative velocity amplitudes of the emission and absorption lines. The nature of the unseen companion remains uncertain, but a ‘normal’ stellar-mass BH with mass 5 ≲ M/M⊙ ≲ 20 seems most plausible. The H α emission likely originates primarily from circumbinary material, not from either component of the binary.
Aesthetic Emotions Reconsidered
Authors: Fingerhut Joerg , Prinz Jesse J 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe define aesthetic emotions as emotions that underlie the evaluative assessment of artworks. They are separated from the wider class of art-elicited emotions. Aesthetic emotions historically have been characterized as calm, as lacking specific patterns of embodiment, and as being a sui generis kind of pleasure. We reject those views and argue that there is a plurality of aesthetic emotions contributing to praise. After presenting a general account of the nature of emotions, we analyze twelve positive aesthetic emotions in four different categories: emotions of pleasure, contemplation, amazement, and respect. The emotions that we identify in each category, including feelings of fluency, intrigue, wonder, and adoration, have been widely neglected both within aesthetics and in emotion research more broadly.
Examining the Effectiveness of Current Information Laws and Implementation Practices for Accountability of Outsourced Public Services
Authors: Waugh Megan I , Hodkinson Stuart N 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Recent events linked to outsourcing such as the Grenfell Tower disaster in June 2017 and the collapse of Carillion in 2018 have again highlighted the challenges of maintaining democratic accountability of government expenditure where public services are contracted out to private companies. Although not the only focus of policy debate, pressure is building from both parliamentarians and the Information Regulator to extend UK information laws to the rapidly expanding number of private companies holding major public sector contracts. However, there remains a lack of evidence as to the nature and extent of this accountability gap and the implications for legislative reform. This article presents findings on non-compliance from a comprehensive field experiment using Freedom of Information requests on the Private Finance Initiative model of outsourcing. We demonstrate the limits of Freedom of Information as a tool for accountability and argue both legislative and regulatory reform are needed to enable proper public scrutiny of outsourced public services.
Targeting bioenergetics prevents CD4 T cell–mediated activation of synovial fibroblasts in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Petrasca Andreea , Phelan James J , Ansboro Sharon , Veale Douglas J , Fearon Ursula , Fletcher Jean M 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Objectives
We investigated the reciprocal relationship linking fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) and T lymphocytes in the inflamed RA synovium and subsequently targeted cellular metabolic pathways in FLS to identify key molecular players in joint inflammation.

Methods
RA FLS were cultured with CD4 T cells or T cell conditioned medium (CD4CM); proliferation, expression of adhesion molecules and intracellular cytokines were examined by flow cytometry. FLS invasiveness and secreted cytokines were measured by transwell matrigel invasion chambers and ELISA, while metabolic profiles were determined by extracellular Seahorse flux analysis. Gene expression was quantified by real-time quantitative RT-PCR.

Results
Our results showed mutual activation between CD4 T cells and FLS, which resulted in increased proliferation and expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 by both CD4 T cells and FLS. Furthermore, interaction between CD4 T cells and FLS resulted in an increased frequency of TNF-α+, IFN-γ+ and IL-17A+ CD4 T cells and augmented TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-17A, IL-6, IL-8 and VEGF secretion. Moreover, CD4CM promoted invasiveness and boosted glycolysis in FLS while downregulating oxidative phosphorylation, effects paralleled by increased glucose transporters GLUT1 and GLUT3; key glycolytic enzymes GSK3A, HK2, LDHA and PFKFB3; angiogenic factor VEGF and MMP-3 and MMP-9. Importantly, these effects were reversed by the glycolytic inhibitor 2-DG and AMP analogue 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide (AICAR).

Conclusion
This study demonstrates that CD4 T cells elicit an aggressive phenotype in FLS, which subsequently upregulate glycolysis to meet the increased metabolic demand. Accordingly, 2-DG and AICAR prevent this activation, suggesting that glycolytic manipulation could have clinical implications for RA treatment.
Fibrinolytic shutdown diagnosed with rotational thromboelastometry represents a moderate form of coagulopathy associated with transfusion requirement and mortality
Authors: David Jean-Stephane , Lambert Aline , Bouzat Pierre , Incagnoli Pascal , Geay-Baillat Anne-Marie , Taverna Xavier-Jean , Inaba Kenji , Maegele Marc 
Published: January 2020

BACKGROUND
Viscoelastic techniques have made it possible to describe specific fibrinolytic phenotypes (physiological, hyperfibrinolysis and shutdown) and to establish a relationship of these phenotypes with outcome. However, there remains a debate as to whether shutdown is a state of hypercoagulability or rather a coagulopathy with moderate fibrinolysis and fibrinogen consumption.

OBJECTIVES
Our objectives were to describe the relationship between fibrinolytic phenotypes and outcomes, and to report the effects of tranexamic acid (TXA) administration.

DESIGN
This was a retrospective analysis of prospectively acquired data from a trauma registry.

SETTING
An academic level 1 trauma centre in the Lyon Region, from March 2011 to December 2016.

PATIENTS
We included all injured patients who had a rotational thromboelastometry analysis at admission. Fibrinolytic phenotypes were determined according to the maximum lysis: shutdown less than 3%, physiological 3 to 15%, hyperfibrinolysis more than 15%.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE
Mortality at 24 h and at hospital discharge.

RESULTS
During the study period, 473 patients were included with the following phenotypes: physiological (344 patients, 73%), shutdown (107 patients, 23%) and hyperfibrinolysis (22 patients, 5%). There was an increase in injury severity, prothrombin time ratio, fibrin degradation products and transfusion requirements from the physiological to the shutdown and hyperfibrinolysis phenotypes. Prehospital TXA administration increased the rate of shutdown and decreased the maximum lysis value at admission. After adjustment, multivariate analysis showed that fibrinolytic phenotypes, but not TXA, were independently associated with an increased risk of early death and death before hospital discharge: shutdown [odds ratio (95% confidence interval)] 2.4 (1.2 to 4.8) and hyperfibrinolysis 67.9 (7.4 to 624.2).

CONCLUSION
The results of the current study suggest that shutdown, which is associated with injury severity and mortality, probably reflects a moderate form of coagulopathy and fibrinolysis rather than a hypercoagulopathy. Therefore, the observation of shutdown fibrinolysis on thromboelastography/rotational thromboelastometry should not lead to withholding but rather to the administration of TXA.
Adult Primary Capillary Hemangioma of the Sclera: A Previously Undescribed Entity With a Review of Epibulbar Vascular Lesions
Authors: Jakobiec Frederick A. , Hanbazazh Mehenaz , Cortes Barrantes Paula , Chodosh James 
Published: January 2020

Purpose:
The objective of this article is to document a unique case of a primary hemangioma and review epibulbar vascular tumors of the conjunctiva and episclera.

Methods:
A case report with detailed histopathologic, histochemical, and immunohistochemical studies coupled with a comprehensive review of the relevant literature with a tabulation of previously reported epibulbar vascular lesions was performed.

Results:
A vascular tumor developed in a 46-year-old woman over 2–3 months that histopathologically was located in the superficial third of the normally avascular sclera and was composed of capillary caliber vessels. CD31 and CD34 positivity established the vascular nature of the lesion. Despite its adult onset, the tumor was also glut-1 positive, a vascular characteristic of childhood capillary hemangiomas that will ultimately involute. Smooth muscle actin was positive in the endothelial cells and associated pericytes. An ectatic muscular vessel identified in the midst of the lesion was interpreted as an anomalous intrascleral branch of an epibulbar anterior ciliary artery, where it perforated the sclera in the vicinity of the insertion of an extraocular rectus muscle. It was deduced to be the source of the capillary proliferation. A literature review failed to identify any previously reported epibulbar vascular tumor that originated primarily in the sclera or secondarily infiltrated this ocular tunic.

Conclusion:
An adult primary capillary intrascleral neoplasm is described as the rarest of all epibulbar vascular tumors and in keeping with the exceptional status of the ocular endothelium was glut-1 positive. This lesion must be distinguished from an array of other common and esoteric epibulbar vascular conditions.