bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The method of calculating the setpoint of the overcurrent protection with the function of the detuning from inrush currents for a circuit breaker on the basis of the electronic trip unit
Authors: Bystrov A , Neelov A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This paper presents for the first time an attempt to specify the method for calculating the value of the overcurrent protection setpoint with the function of detuning from inrush currents for the electronic trip unit ETU. The principle of protection is described in detail on the basis of comparing the rate of current rise in the protected circuit with the settings recorded in the ETU memory in the form of a binary code. The algorithm of action for the ETU based on the digital signal controller DSC is presented. Methods are proposed for improving the reliability of overcurrent protection and reducing the number of false outages. The procedure for calculating protection settings has been considered. Moreover, previously developed methods for calculating protection settings with a detuning from inrush currents are not suitable for the principle described in this work and vice versa the presented method for calculating protection settings with detuning from inrush currents is not suitable for methods based on other principles.
Analytical studies of transformers operating modes in supply and distribution electric network of a field substation
Authors: Tabachnikova T , Makht A , Nurbosynov E 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
We obtained new analytical dependencies for investigation of operating modes of power transformers, supply and distribution electric network of a field substation in order to take into account losses of power and electrical energy in all network elements. We substantiated the relevance of this article and the considered tasks, which depend on the object of study. It has been established that one auxiliary transformer and from eight to ten outgoing lines are connected to one bus section of a power transformer of a field substation. We developed mathematical models of electrical complexes of a field substation with individual transformers of outgoing power lines, as well as with individual, node and centralized compensating units. We obtained new analytical dependencies, taking into account total losses of power and electrical energy in power transformers of field substation and distribution electrical network as a function of supply voltage. The well-known method for calculating the energy parameters of electrical units of field substation and auxiliary equipment has been improved by adding new analytical dependencies of total power losses in power transformers of field substation and distribution network as a function of 35 kV supply voltage. The scientific novelty of this work is obtaining new analytical relationships between total power loss in power transformers of the field substation and distribution network in a function of supply voltage, which take into account external and internal disturbances in the network. This allowed us to improve the well-known method for calculation the energy parameters of electrical installations of a field substation taking into account parameters of individual, nodal and centralized compensating installations.
Practical aspects of modeling of the oil and gas producing enterprise’s electrotechnical complexes
Authors: Petrochenkov A B , Romodin A V , Mishurinskikh S V 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
When planning technological modes of the power supply systems of oil and gas production enterprises, modeling of their operating parameters is a very important task. The currently used models of interaction between hydromechanical and electrical systems, as a rule, are built using multi-circuit equivalent circuit. This leads to a significant expenditure of computational effort and is not always suitable for rapid assessment. The purpose of this paper is to develop the technique for modeling the operating parameters of the power supply system operation using single-circuit equivalent circuits, as well as taking into account the current technological parameters. In the proposed technique, the interaction between electrical and hydromechanical systems is shown. Use of this technique allows taking into account the influence of the magnetization current of power transformers without adding another branch into the equivalent circuit.
Application of common-mode-free control topology to a two-level inverter
Authors: Vostrov K , Frolov V 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The use of asynchronous motors in electric drive systems has become widespread and convenient. Also, since the frequency converters became wide-spread and popular devices, induction motors became the most popular machine type in both constant- and variable-speed applications. However, the conventional two-level frequency converter’s output three-phase waveform is not fully repeating ideal sine waves provided from the grid. The so-called common-mode voltage appears because of specifics of the converter operation and works as the source of harmful parasitic phenomena of bearing currents. Flowing through the motor bearings, these currents providing a list of undesirable effects, finally causing the bearing properties degradation and early system failure. Current paper deals with the novel control method described earlier and show the method implementation by the means of the two-level frequency converter.
Investigation of composite material destruction under lightning stroke effect
Authors: Boronin V N , Minevich T G , Kochetkova E Y , Smorgonskiy A V , Kolodkin I S 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Destruction processes of composite materials under lightning stroke effect have been studied. The results of characteristic damages of samples have been presented upon a series of tests conducted with standard lightning currents and those ones whose shape is close to actual lightning stroke. There have been exhibited distinctions between the levels of sample damages: in the second case significant damages of composite matrix external layers have been shown, among which multiple destructions of bundles of carbon fibers at a depth of several layers, layer delamination and cavities formed inside sample. There have been described the results of generalized analysis of damages obtained by applying nondestructive inspection methods: stereoscopic microscope investigation and X-ray microtomography. The mechanism of damages has been presented on the basis of obtained data. The results of testing electrical, mechanical, thermal properties of composite samples have been given upon a set of experiments for lightning current resistance.
Method of automated synthesis of the logic part of relay protection device which increases its sensitivity
Authors: Kulikov A L , Loskutov A A , Mitrovic M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Often there are such modes of operation in the electric power systems where standard methods of relay protection and automation become insufficiently effective. For example, such modes are typical for electric networks with distributed generation and renewable energy sources. Today, the task of developing new digital relay protection methods, that have high technical excellence and fully comply with the requirements of IEC 61850, is relevant. A method of organizing the logical part of multiparameter relay protection is proposed, which improves its sensitivity. The method is based on the criterion of minimizing the average risk of decision making and solving the task of abstract synthesis of automata theory. The application of the proposed method is considered on the example of multidimensional relay protection with five measuring fault detectors and the implementation of simulation models in the Matlab/Similink software package.
Development of relay protection system allowing taking into account seasonality when determining operation setpoints
Authors: Akhmedova Olga , Soshinov Anatoly , Bakhtiarov Konstantin , Atrashenko Olga , Panasenko Mikhail , Kopeykina Tatyana 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Various manufacturers of relay protection devices only offer two options of setpoints, which should be changed manually by the operating staff at the place of protection installation. This means that these devices do not have the ability to adapt the protection response current to changing environmental parameters, which have a significant impact on overhead power lines parameters. As a result, the setpoint set on a microprocessor relay device is not always correct and can lead to failure of the relay protection or to a false positive.
The influence of air inflow in the vacuum system of a cogeneration steam turbine plant on its energy performance
Authors: Shempelev Alexander , Iglin Pavel 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article considers the issue of the influence of air inflow in the vacuum system of a cogeneration steam turbine plant on its energy performance. The authors give a brief description of characteristics of a steam turbine condenser. On the example of the T-110/120 turbine plant, they estimate the power loss factor of a low pressure section (LPS) depending on air inflow in a vacuum system on a heat schedule operating mode with steam consumption of 20 t/h. The authors underline a significant influence of air inflow on the amount of power produced by the turbine plant. Moreover, the authors evaluate the power loss of LPS depending on air inflow in the vacuum system on one of the operation modes on the electrical schedule. They demonstrate that an increase in air inflow leads to quite large (hundreds of kilowatts) power losses.
Method of heat exchangers calculation for combined-cycle gas turbine plants in operation modes that differ from the nominal ones
Authors: Fomin V , Kalyutik A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
We carried out a comparison of methods for calculating heat exchangers of combined-cycle gas turbine plants (CCGTP) in variable-load operation modes. It is shown that for calculations of waste heat boilers with complex thermal circuits and a large number of heat exchangers it is advisable to use approximate methods for calculations.
Multi-level model of the centrifugal compressor workflow for its effective optimization
Authors: Egorov Igor , Volkov Andrey , Popov Grigorii , Baturin Oleg 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The paper presents the main ideas of the virtual test bench concept for rapid obtaining of the reliable characteristics of compressors based on a multi-level mathematical model with a two-step identification using data obtained from mathematical models with a high order of accuracy. One of the possible identification algorithms and the results of its successful testing are given on the example of a centrifugal compressor stage developed and tested at NASA.
Technology trends for LNG compression using innovative electric solutions
Authors: Durantay Lionel , Laboube Pierre 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
During the last 30 years, there has been a significant evolution and innovation of electric driven compressors in replacement of steam or gas turbines. Technology trends are highlighted in this paper with a focus on LNG Compression, covering standalone and integrated compression fed by Variable Frequency Drives (VFDs), and the emergence of the induction squirrel cage motor up to 120MW.
Compact household wind generator
Authors: Galuschak V , Soshinov A , Elfimova O , Shevchenko N , Lebedeva Yu 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Nowadays, there is a problem of further development of alternative energy for power supply of residential consumers. One of the areas of alternative energy is wind power. Wind generators offered to the public do not fully meet the requirements for household wind turbines. They are characterized by high cost; large weight and dimensions; installation complexity; impossibility of installation in cramped conditions; high noise and vibration. The article presents a physical model of a household wind generator with a wind guide device. Mass, dimension and energy characteristics of this de-vice are estimated. The presented construction of a household compact wind turbine can be used for power supply of residential consumers, small businesses, in the field of housing and communal services and in agricultural sector.
Sun tracking system for photovoltaic batteries in climatic conditions of the Republic of Cuba
Authors: Gerra D D , Iakovleva E V 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Annotation. Today, the efficiency of solar power plants in the Republic of Cuba is low, despite the high level of technology development in this area. The article presents the results of the analysis of the potential of solar energy in the territory of the Republic of Cuba. This paper presents the results of experimental studies, the purpose of which is to increase the efficiency of using photovoltaic stations. The developed two-axis sun tracking system is described. This tracking system increases the conversion efficiency of solar energy into electrical energy in photovoltaic modules.
Piezoelectric Micro-dosing System for Spiking Quality Samples in Occupational Hygiene Laboratories
Authors: Giesen Yvonne , Nürnberger Franziska , Gusbeth Krista , Mühlberg Ann-Kathrin , Lamm Nils , Schwab Gregoria , Breuer Dietmar 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Quality control is crucially important in the arena of chemical analysis. Reference materials are essential for calibration and quality control processes, and for verification of the accuracy and reliability of the analytical results obtained. Owing to the complexity of their manufacture, reference materials for chemical agents occurring at workplaces are expensive and available only on a limited scale and for a small number of substances. Therefore, their cost-effective and fast production is an important aim. The Institute for Occupational Health and Safety (IFA) of the German Social Accident Insurance (DGUV) currently pursues different strategies for the production of reference materials. One strategy entails the use of a piezoelectric micro-dispensing system for non-contact spiking of extremely small quantities of substances with high reproducibility. The dispensing system is coupled to a semi-automated assembly unit for loading high numbers of samples. It is used for spiking phosphoric and sulphuric acid onto quartz fibre filters. Comparison of the results obtained on different days shows higher variability than results observed on the same day. However, after daily adjustment of the number of droplets to the current droplet volume, highly reproducible series with an adequate number of samples (>500) could be realized. The results of the internal quality control were verified in an interlaboratory comparison. Furthermore, storage stability was investigated systematically over a period of 2 years. The samples produced are suitable for use as reference materials for both inorganic acids.
Engagement in Care, Viral Suppression, Drug Resistance, and Reasons for Nonengagement After Home-Based Same-Day Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation in Lesotho: A Two-Year Follow-up of the CASCADE Trial
Authors: Amstutz Alain , Brown Jennifer Anne , Ringera Isaac , Muhairwe Josephine , Lejone Thabo Ishmael , Klimkait Thomas , Glass Tracy Renée , Labhardt Niklaus Daniel 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
The CASCADE trial showed that compared with usual care (UC), offering same-day (SD) antiretroviral therapy (ART) during home-based human immunodeficiency virus testing improved engagement in care and viral suppression 12 months after diagnosis. However, questions remain regarding long-term outcomes and the risk of propagating drug resistance.

Methods
After completion of the primary endpoint at 12 months, participants not in care in both arms were traced and encouraged to access care. At 24 months, the following outcomes were assessed in both arms: engagement in care, viral suppression, and reasons for nonengagement. Furthermore, we explored the acquisition of drug resistance mutations (DRMs) among SD arm nonlinkers.

Results
At 24 months, 64% (88/137) in the SD arm vs 59% (81/137) in the UC arm were in care (absolute difference [AD], 5%; 95% confidence interval [CI], −6 to16; P = .38) and 57% (78/137) vs 54% (74/137) had documented viral suppression (AD, 3%; 95% CI, −9 to 15; P = .28). Among 36 participants alive and not in care at 24 months with ascertained status, the majority rejected contact with the health system or were unwilling to take ART. Among 8 interviewed SD arm nonlinkers, 6 had not initiated ART upon enrollment, and no acquired DRMs were detected. Two had taken the initial 30-day ART supply and acquired DRMs.

Conclusions
SD ART resulted in higher rates of engagement in care and viral suppression at 12 months but not at 24 months. Leveling off between both arms was driven by linkage beyond 12 months in the UC arm. We did not observe compensatory long-term disengagement in the SD arm. These long-term results endorse SD ART initiation policies.

Clinical Trials Registration
NCT02692027.
Habitat use of spring migrating dabbling ducks in the Wabash River Valley, USA
Authors: Williams Benjamin R , Benson Thomas J , Yetter Aaron P , Lancaster Joseph D , Hagy Heath M 
Published: November 2019

AbstractStopover sites provide crucial habitat for waterfowl to rest and refuel during migration. Knowledge of which land-cover types are of greatest importance to migrating waterfowl and how the surrounding landscape influences their use can inform management decisions and conservation plans to adequately meet resource requirements. Specifically, spring migration habitat is essential for waterfowl preparing for breeding yet is an understudied period of the life cycle. We placed radio-transmitters on Mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) and Green-winged Teal (Anas crecca) between January and April 2016–2017 in the Wabash River Valley of Illinois and Indiana to assess habitat use and movement patterns. Both Mallards and Green-winged Teal primarily used emergent and woody wetlands, with 89% of use points in these land-cover types even though they made up &lt;5% of the study area. Use of both dry and flooded row crops was minimal. While habitat selection of Mallards was similar for diurnal vs. nocturnal periods, Green-winged Teal used emergent wetlands at a higher rate during the day and shifted to woody wetlands at night. In general, sites surrounded by greater amounts of open water, upland forest, and upland herbaceous/grassland cover were more likely to be used than areas surrounded by row-crop agriculture. Additionally, private and public lands enrolled in conservation easement programs (such as the Wetlands Reserve Program) were frequently used by migrating waterfowl compared to other protected or public lands. These findings highlight the importance of a landscape-level approach to conservation, specifically focusing on wetland restoration while minimizing reliance on agricultural fields to fulfill habitat needs during spring migration in the Midwest.
The ignorant monopolist redux
Authors: Koenker Roger 
Published: November 2019

Summary
The classical problem of the monopolist faced with an unknown demand curve is considered in a simple stochastic setting. Sequential pricing strategies designed to maximize discounted profits are shown to converge sufficiently rapidly that they leave the monopolist ignorant about all but the most local features of demand. The failure of the monopolist to 'learn' his demand curve would seem to call into question some standard assumptions about agents’ grasp of their economic environment.
Fertilizing Corn With Manure Decreases Caterpillar Performance but Increases Slug Damage
Authors: Rowen Elizabeth , Tooker John F 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Many farmers use manure as an alternative to inorganic fertilizer. Previous research has shown that manure can decrease plant susceptibility to herbivores, but the mechanisms remain unclear. To determine how manure affects herbivore performance in a greenhouse setting, we fertilized corn with stacked cow manure or an equivalent amount of NPK fertilizer and measured caterpillar development, plant nutritional content, and defenses. After 4 wk of growth, we allowed fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) or black cutworm (Agrotis ipsilon) caterpillars to feed on these plants for 6 d. Compared to inorganic fertilizer, manure reduced mass-gain of black cutworm caterpillars and smaller fall armyworms. We paired this greenhouse experiment with a 3-yr field experiment, which incorporated a wheat cover-crop treatment crossed with the two fertilizer treatments in a 2 × 2 factorial design. We measured plant damage early in the season from naturally occurring herbivores and measured neonate fall armyworm performance on field-collected leaf tissue. In 2017, corn in manure-fertilized plots sustained more herbivore damage, primarily driven by a higher incidence of slug damage. Fall armyworm performance, however, was lower on leaves collected from manure-fertilized plants. In contrast to previous studies, we did not find increased micronutrients or enhanced defenses in manure treated plants. While manure can offer resistance to some herbivores, our results suggest that this resistance can be overshadowed by habitat conditions.
Building bridges between different professions and communities as a means to implement the Social Development Goals (SDGs)
Authors:   Organized by: WHO EURO, EUPHA,   Moderators: Natasha Azzopardi Muscat, President EUPHA, Anna Cichowska Myrup, Programme Manager Public Health Services, WHO Regional Office for Europe
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Following the plenary at the Ljubljana 2018 conference presenting a Roadmap to implement the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, this plenary will focus on building bridges between different professions and communities as a means to implement the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Building on Health 2020, the European policy for health and well-being sets out five interdependent strategic directions: Governance: advancing governance and leadership for health and well-being;equity and social justice: leaving no one behind;partnerships for health: preventing disease and addressing health determinants by promoting multi- and intersectoral policies throughout the life-course;local action: establishing healthy places, settings and resilient communities; andUniversal Health Coverage: strengthening health systems for universal health coverage.
In this plenary, we will take the discussion one step further: What were the key decisions that were taken by policymakers and which partnerships made it happen? What ways of working did we adopt and how did we manage the necessary changes? The stage on how to develop leadership and innovation capabilities needed to achieve the SDGs will be set by the founder of the Presencing Institute, Dr Otto Scharmer. Three professionals (representing a research institute, an international health organization and a city council) reflect on the year 2018 and how their work, in partnership with other sectors, has shaped the future we are now in.

Keynote speaker
C. Otto Scharmer
Senior Lecturer, MIT Management Sloan School, Cambridge, USA
Panellists: Miklós Szócska
Director Health Services Management Training Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
Paula Vassalo
President of the European Dental Public Health Association (EADPH)
Ricardo Baptista Leite
Member of Parliament, Head of Public Health at Católica University of Portugal, and former Deputy Mayor of Cascais, Portugal