bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Socioeconomic status and retinoblastoma survival: Experience of a tertiary cancer center in Brazil
Authors: Mattosinho Clarissa , Moura Anna Tereza , Grigorovski Nathalia , Araújo Luiz Henrique , Ferman Sima , Ribeiro Karina 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundLittle is known about socioeconomic status (SES) and its effects in childhood cancer survival. This study aims to discuss the association between SES and survival of patients with retinoblastoma (RB) from a tertiary treatment center.ProcedureA retrospective cohort study was conducted, including all patients with RB referred to the Brazilian National Institute of Cancer in Rio de Janeiro (January 2000‐December 2016).ResultsData from 160 patients were analyzed with mean age at diagnosis of 22.85 months (SD ± 14.29). Eighty‐three patients (51.9%) had an interval to diagnosis equal to or longer than six months, and 13 children (8.1%) abandoned treatment. Five‐year overall survival rate for all patients was 78.8% (95% CI, 72.4%‐85.9%). In a multivariate model, patients whose fathers had more than nine years of study had a lower death risk. Patients from families having more than one child under five years had a 213% higher risk of death compared with those living with no other small child. Treatment abandonment also had a profound effect on death risk.ConclusionChildhood cancer is notably important considering the potential years of life lost. RB has even more important elements, as the possibility of vision loss in cases with delayed diagnosis. Family characteristics seem to be highly related to RB survival, especially in low‐ and middle‐income countries, where inequalities are still a public health issue. Strategies to improve survival should focus not only on large‐scale settings such as improving national healthcare systems but also on more personalized actions that might help to mitigate disparities.
Accuracy of diagnoses of inflammatory arthritis in administrative hospitalization databases
Authors: Ward Michael M. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPurposeStudies using administrative hospitalization data often classify patients as having inflammatory arthritis based on diagnoses recorded at the hospitalization. We examined the agreement of these diagnoses with patients' prior medical histories.MethodsWe identified Medicare beneficiaries hospitalized in 2011 to 2015 for total hip arthroplasty (THA), total knee arthroplasty (TKA), acute myocardial infarction (AMI), or sepsis. We compared diagnoses of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or ankylosing spondylitis (AS) at the index hospitalization to diagnoses over prior inpatient and outpatient claims. To assess the impact of potential misclassification, we compared hospital outcomes using the alternative methods of detecting beneficiaries with arthritis. Analyses were repeated using Medicaid data.ResultsAmong 506 781 Medicare beneficiaries with THA, 18282 had RA and 571 had AS at the arthroplasty hospitalization, while 13 212 had RA and 1519 had AS based on claims history. Diagnoses at the hospitalization were highly specific (0.98‐0.99), but sensitivities (0.65 for RA; 0.31 for AS) and positive predictive values (PPV) (0.47 for RA; 0.83 for AS) were lower. For TKA, AMI, and sepsis, specificities were 0.97 to 0.99, sensitivities 0.60 to 0.66 for RA and 0.18 to 0.22 for AS, and PPVs 0.43 to 0.47 for RA and 0.73 to 0.77 for AS. In Medicaid, sensitivities were 0.21 to 0.67 for RA and 0.07 to 0.49 for AS. Frequencies of some hospital outcomes differed when arthritis was classified by the index hospitalization or claims history.ConclusionDiagnoses of RA and AS in hospitalization databases are highly specific but fail to identify large proportions of patients with these diagnoses.
Unlocking Climate Finance Potential for Climate Adaptation: Case of Climate Smart Agricultural Financing in Sub Saharan Africa
Authors: Mungai Edward M. , Ndiritu S. Wagura , Da Silva Izael 
Published: October 2020

AbstractClimate change has emerged as one of the greatest challenges faced by the world today. Adverse impacts of climate change are visible across sectors like agriculture and other natural resources due to increasing average temperature and changing weather patterns. Africa constitutes around 13% of the global population but contributes the least (around 2%) to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions globally. Concerning the global climate vulnerability index, Africa is most impacted (around 21%) by climate change and its’ population is most vulnerable to climate sensitivity and fragility of the continent’s natural environment and increasingly erratic weather patterns, low adoption of climate-resilient technologies, and high dependence on environment-based livelihoods. Hence, Africa needs to adopt low carbon and climate-resilient development to address climate-related issues and to have sustainable development. In line with the low carbon/climate-resilient development agenda, 53 countries (except Libya) have submitted Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) and have set ambitious targets under NDC and Sustainable Development Goals. A quick analysis of the NDCs and various studies indicates the enormity of the financing needs. According to Climate Invetsment Funds (CFI), Sub-Saharan Africa will require an estimated USD222 billion for climate resilience investments to reach its NDCs. One of the critical stakeholders to play a key role in meeting the financing needs of climate-smart agriculture (CSA) related targets is the private sector. There is around 98% gap in financing for CSA. Even though substantial climate finance potential exists in selected countries for the private sector, there are certain challenges and barriers like financial, policy, lack of awareness, and low provision for climate funding in the national budget.
Number Theoretic Study in Quantum Interactions
Authors: Wakayama Masato 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe quantum interaction models, with the quantum Rabi model as a distinguished representative, are recently appearing ubiquitously in various quantum systems including cavity and circuit quantum electrodynamics, quantum dots and artificial atoms, with potential applications in quantum information technologies including quantum cryptography and quantum computing (Haroche and Raimond 2008; Yoshihara et al. 2018). In this extended abstract, based on the contents of the talk at the conference, we describe shortly certain number theoretical aspects arising from thenon-commutative harmonic oscillators (NCHO: see Parmeggiani and Wakayama 2001; Parmeggiani 2010) and quantum Rabi model (QRM: see Braak 2011 for the integrability) through their respective spectral zeta functions.
A Survey of Solving SVP Algorithms and Recent Strategies for Solving the SVP Challenge
Authors: Yasuda Masaya 
Published: October 2020

AbstractRecently, lattice-based cryptography has received attention as a candidate of post-quantum cryptography (PQC). The essential security of lattice-based cryptography is based on the hardness of classical lattice problems such as the shortest vector problem (SVP) and the closest vector problem (CVP). A number of algorithms have been proposed for solving SVP exactly or approximately, and most of them are useful also for solving CVP. In this paper, we give a survey of typical algorithms for solving SVP from a mathematical point of view. We also present recent strategies for solving the Darmstadt SVP challenge in dimensions higher than 150.
Modular invariance in finite temperature Casimir effect
Authors: Alessio Francesco , Barnich Glenn 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The temperature inversion symmetry of the partition function of the electromagnetic field in the set-up of the Casimir effect is extended to full modular transformations by turning on a purely imaginary chemical potential for adapted spin angular momentum. The extended partition function is expressed in terms of a real analytic Eisenstein series. These results become transparent after explicitly showing equivalence of the partition functions for Maxwell’s theory between perfectly conducting parallel plates and for a massless scalar with periodic boundary conditions.
Intrinsic charm in the nucleon and charm production at large rapidities in collinear, hybrid and kT-factorization approaches
Authors: Maciuła Rafał , Szczurek Antoni 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
We discuss the role of intrinsic charm (IC) in the nucleon for forward production of c-quark (or $$ \overline{c} $$

c
¯

-antiquark) in proton-proton collisions for low and high energies. The calculations are performed in collinear-factorization approach with on-shell partons, kT-factorization approach with off-shell partons as well as in a hybrid approach using collinear charm distributions and unintegrated (transverse momentum dependent) gluon distributions. For the collinear-factorization approach we use matrix elements for both massless and massive charm quarks/antiquarks. The distributions in rapidity and transverse momentum of charm quark/antiquark are shown for a few different models of IC. Forward charm production is dominated by gc-fusion processes. The IC contribution dominates over the standard pQCD (extrinsic) gg-fusion mechanism of $$ c\overline{c} $$
c

c
¯

-pair production at large rapidities or Feynman-xF. We perform similar calculations within leading-order and next-to-leading order kT-factorization approach. The kT-factorization approach leads to much larger cross sections than the LO collinear approach. At high energies and large rapidities of c-quark or $$ \overline{c} $$

c
¯

-antiquark one tests gluon distributions at extremely small x. The IC contribution has important consequences for high-energy neutrino production in the Ice-Cube experiment and can be, to some extent, tested at the LHC by the SHIP and FASER experiments by studies of the ντ neutrino production.
Neutrino dark matter and the Higgs portal: improved freeze-in analysis
Authors: De Romeri Valentina , Karamitros Dimitrios , Lebedev Oleg , Toma Takashi 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Sterile neutrinos are one of the leading dark matter candidates. Their masses may originate from a vacuum expectation value of a scalar field. If the sterile neutrino couplings are very small and their direct coupling to the inflaton is forbidden by the lepton number symmetry, the leading dark matter production mechanism is the freeze-in scenario. We study this possibility in the neutrino mass range up to 1 GeV, taking into account relativistic production rates based on the Bose-Einstein statistics, thermal masses and phase transition effects. The specifics of the production mechanism and the dominant mode depend on the relation between the scalar and sterile neutrino masses as well as on whether or not the scalar is thermalized. We find that the observed dark matter abundance can be produced in all of the cases considered. We also revisit the freeze-in production of a Higgs portal scalar, pointing out the importance of a fusion mode, as well as the thermalization constraints.
Triangulation-free trivialization of 2-loop MHV amplituhedron
Authors: Kojima Ryota , Rao Junjie 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This article introduces a new approach to implement positivity for the 2-loop n-particle MHV amplituhedron, circumventing the conventional triangulation with respect to positive variables of each cell carved out by the sign flips. This approach is universal for all linear positive conditions and hence free of case-by-case triangulation, as an application of the trick of positive infinity first introduced in [6] for the multi-loop 4-particle amplituhedron. Moreover, the proof of 2-loop n-particle MHV amplituhedron in [4] is revised, and we explain the nontriviality and difficulty of using conventional triangulation while the results have a simple universal pattern. A further example is presented to tentatively explore its generalization towards handling multiple positive conditions at 3-loop and higher.
Cell-free systems for accelerating glycoprotein expression and biomanufacturing
Authors: Hershewe Jasmine , Kightlinger Weston , Jewett Michael C 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Protein glycosylation, the enzymatic modification of amino acid sidechains with sugar moieties, plays critical roles in cellular function, human health, and biotechnology. However, studying and producing defined glycoproteins remains challenging. Cell-free glycoprotein synthesis systems, in which protein synthesis and glycosylation are performed in crude cell extracts, offer new approaches to address these challenges. Here, we review versatile, state-of-the-art systems for biomanufacturing glycoproteins in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell-free systems with natural and synthetic N-linked glycosylation pathways. We discuss existing challenges and future opportunities in the use of cell-free systems for the design, manufacture, and study of glycoprotein biomedicines.
Impact of swimming pool water treatment system factors on the content of selected disinfection by-products
Authors: Wyczarska-Kokot Joanna , Lempart-Rapacewicz Anna , Dudziak Mariusz , Łaskawiec Edyta 
Published: October 2020

AbstractRecommendations regarding disinfection by-products (DBPs) in pool waters consider the content of trihalomethanes (THMs) and combined chlorine (CC) as indicators of DBPs based on which the health risk for swimmers and staff of pool facility can be determined. However, the content of DBPs in swimming pools depends on many factors. In this paper, the influence of selected factors (physicochemical parameters of water and technological parameters) on the content of THMs and CC in pool water was determined. During the 6-month period, 9 pools of various functions were analyzed. The water in pools was subjected to the same method of treatment. The content of THMs and CC was compared against the content of organic matter, free chlorine and nitrates, pH, temperature, redox potential and turbidity, technological, and operational parameters. The THM content did not exceed the limit value of 0.1 mg/L. The content of CC varied significantly, from 0.05 to 1.13 mg Cl2/L. It was found that a very large water volume per person, in comparison to a very small one, contributed to the low content of CC and THMs. The high load expressed as m3 of water per person or m2 of water per person and the specific function of hot tubs (HT1 and HT2) led to the average concentration of CC in these pools exceeding 0.3 mg Cl2/L. The THM concentrations in hot tubs (especially in HT1) were also among the largest (0.038–0.058 mg/L). In terms of the analyzed microbiological indicators, the quality of the tested pool water samples was not in doubt. It was found that the purpose of the pool, its volume, and number of swimmers should be the key parameters that determine the choice of methods of water treatment. The research on the pool water quality in the actual working conditions of swimming pool facilities is necessary due to the need to preserve the health safety of swimmers and staff.
Something’s Missing? A Procedure for Extending Item Content Data Sets in the Context of Recommender Systems
Authors: Heinrich Bernd , Hopf Marcus , Lohninger Daniel , Schiller Alexander , Szubartowicz Michael 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe rapid development of e-commerce has led to a swiftly increasing number of competing providers in electronic markets, which maintain their own, individual data describing the offered items. Recommender systems are popular and powerful tools relying on this data to guide users to their individually best item choice. Literature suggests that data quality of item content data has substantial influence on recommendation quality. Thereby, the dimension completeness is expected to be particularly important. Herein resides a considerable chance to improve recommendation quality by increasing completeness via extending an item content data set with an additional data set of the same domain. This paper therefore proposes a procedure for such a systematic data extension and analyzes effects of the procedure regarding items, content and users based on real-world data sets from four leading web portals. The evaluation results suggest that the proposed procedure is indeed effective in enabling improved recommendation quality.
Success and Failure Retrospectives of FinTech Projects: A Case Study Approach
Authors: Jinasena Dakshitha N. , Spanaki Konstantina , Papadopoulos Thanos , Balta Maria E. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe popularity and potential of FinTech for generating business value has been highlighted in an evolving number of studies. Nevertheless, there is still ambiguity on the success of such disruptive technologies. To address this gap, this paper draws on a case study of an IT vendor in Japan. We interview key stakeholders involved in the case project to (i) explore the success factors of FinTech applications adopted by non-financial organisations, (ii) illustrate the applicability of the multi-dimensional project success framework in FinTech projects, and (iii) highlight the importance of the FinTech Project Management field that warrants further investigation. We contribute to the IT Project Management field, where we extend the theoretical background with aspects of FinTech adoption and success. We also inform practice in terms of lessons for managers to improve the existing processes and assist their organisations in business transformational initiatives using FinTech.
Resilience in Times of Economic Boom and Bust: A Narrative Study of a Rural Population Dependent upon the Oil and Gas Industry
Authors: Mahdiani Hamideh , Höltge Jan , Theron Linda , Ungar Michael 
Published: October 2020

AbstractHow do residents of small towns that depend on oil and gas extraction or processing industries withstand economic boom and bust cycles? To answer this question, this article reports on a narrative analysis of residents’ life stories gathered from 37 adults of a small town on the Canadian prairies dependent on the oil and gas industry, employing the theories of narrative inquiry and narrative identity. Participants aged 30 to 76 were interviewed and their experiences of living in an unstable economy that is dependent mostly on a single resource extraction industry were explored. Specifically, we asked participants about the effect of economic change on factors related to resilience like family interactions, work choices, educational pathways, and the quality of their social lives. Our analysis of adult narratives looked for patterns in the relationship between risk exposure, promotive and protective factors at multiple systemic levels (individual, relational, cultural), and functional outcomes such as individual coping, community cohesion, and social and economic sustainability. Results show that a strong identity, in particular expressions of personal agency, communion, and engagement in meaning making are contributing factors to adult resilience in a context of economic change. Our results also highlight how positive attitudes towards a better future may inadvertently undermine the need for residents of oil and gas-dependent towns to commit to economic diversification and other potential resilience-promoting strategies.
Postoperative continuous non-invasive cardiac output monitoring on the ward: a feasibility study
Authors: King C. E. , Kermode A. , Saxena G. , Carvelli P. , Edwards M. , Creagh-Brown B. C. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPostoperative hypotension is common (occurring in one third of patients) and is associated with worse clinical outcomes. The LiDCO CNAP (continuous non-invasive arterial pressure) device measures haemodynamics but has not been widely adopted in ward environments. Improved early detection of hypotension by CNAP might guide interventions to improve clinical outcomes. We aimed to find the proportion of patients who tolerated LiDCO CNAP for 12 h postoperatively, to unmask episodes of hypotension detected by continuous monitoring and to characterise the haemodynamic profile at the time of hypotension. In this feasibility study, patients undergoing major elective surgery were continuously postoperatively monitored using CNAP. Haemodynamic data gathered from CNAP, including nSVRI (nominal systemic vascular resistance index), nSVI (nominal stroke volume index), SVV (stroke volume variation) and blood pressure, were analysed using Microsoft Excel and GraphPad Prism 8. 104 patients (age (mean ± sd): 68 ± 14, male (56%)) had CNAP sited postoperatively. 39% tolerated the CNAP device for at least 12 h. Within the 104 patients a mean of 81.2 min of hypotension detected by CNAP was not detected by usual care. The proportion of low/normal/high nSVI was 71%, 27% and 2%, nSVRI was 43%, 17% and 40%, respectively. CNAP monitoring was not tolerated for 12 h in the majority of patients. There were many episodes of hypotension unmasked through continuous monitoring. Based on the advanced haemodynamic data provided it is possible that the underlying cause of a third of postoperative hypotensive episodes is vasodilation rather than hypovolaemia.Trial registry number: NCT04010058 (ClinicalTrials.gov) Date of registration: 08/07/2019.
On the Normal Form of the Kirchhoff Equation
Authors: Baldi Pietro , Haus Emanuele 
Published: October 2020

AbstractConsider the Kirchhoff equation $$\begin{aligned} \partial _{tt} u - \Delta u \Big ( 1 + \int _{\mathbb {T}^d} |\nabla u|^2 \Big ) = 0 \end{aligned}$$

∂

tt

u
-
Δ
u

(

1
+

∫

T

d

|
∇
u
|

2

)

=
0

on the d-dimensional torus $$\mathbb {T}^d$$

T

d

. In a previous paper we proved that, after a first step of quasilinear normal form, the resonant cubic terms show an integrable behavior, namely they give no contribution to the energy estimates. This leads to the question whether the same structure also emerges at the next steps of normal form. In this paper, we perform the second step and give a negative answer to the previous question: the quintic resonant terms give a nonzero contribution to the energy estimates. This is not only a formal calculation, as we prove that the normal form transformation is bounded between Sobolev spaces.
Constitutive and Inducible Resistance to Thrips Do Not Correlate With Differences in Trichome Density or Enzymatic-Related Defenses in Chrysanthemum
Authors: Chen Gang , Klinkhamer Peter G. L. , Escobar-Bravo Rocío 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWestern flower thrips (WFT), Frankliniella occidentalis, is a serious insect pest of Chrysanthemum [Chrysanthemum × morifolium Ramat. (Asteraceae)]. Here we have investigated whether genotypic variation in constitutive and inducible resistance to WFT correlates with phenotypic differences in leaf trichome density and the activity of the defense-related enzyme polyphenol oxidase (PPO) in chrysanthemum. Non-glandular and glandular leaf trichome densities significantly varied among ninety-five chrysanthemum cultivars. Additional analyses in a subset of these cultivars, differing in leaf trichome density, revealed significant variation in PPO activities and resistance to WFT as well. Constitutive levels of trichome densities and PPO activity, however, did not correlate with chrysanthemum resistance to WFT. Further tests showed that exogenous application of the phytohormone jasmonic acid (JA) increased non-glandular trichome densities, PPO activity and chrysanthemum resistance to WFT, and that these effects were cultivar dependent. In addition, no tradeoff between constitutive and inducible resistance to WFT was observed. JA-mediated induction of WFT resistance, however, did not correlate with changes in leaf trichome densities nor PPO activity levels. Taken together, our results suggest that chrysanthemum can display both high levels of constitutive and inducible resistance to WFT, and that leaf trichome density and PPO activity may not play a relevant role in chrysanthemum defenses against WFT.