bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Venice Carnival from the Middle Ages to the Twenty- First Century
Authors: Bertrand Gilles 
Published: December 2020

As with other carnivals around the world, the history of the Venetian Carnival sheds light on the complex dialectic between festivity and politics and more particularly on the growing need for political authorities to control the urban environment. This article provides a longue durée approach to carnival in Venice and unpacks the meaning of its successive metamorphoses. During the Middle Ages, Venetians used carnival as a defense strategy for their city, intended to ensure the cohesion of its various neighborhoods around a common destiny. In the fifteenth century, the legacy of public festivals for both rich and poor gave way to a more official celebration, which allowed Venice to outdo its European rivals. The civilized and policed expressions that were elaborated from the Renaissance until the eighteenth century gradually set Venetian Carnival apart from the exuberance and invertibility displayed by rustic carnivals in other parts of Europe. However watered-down and commodified present-day Venetian Carnival may seem, it continues to raise eminently political issues, most of which have to do with the appropriation of public space by private interests and the recreation of traditions for mass consumption.
The Suppression of miR-199a-3p by Promoter Methylation Contributes to Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Aggressiveness by Targeting RAP2a and DNMT3a
Authors: Wu Feng , Lin Xiao , Shan Su-Kang , Li Fuxingzi , Xu Feng , Zhong Jia-Yu , Guo Bei , Zheng Ming-Hui , Wang Yi , Mo Zhao-Hui , Yuan Ling-Qing 
Published: December 2020

BackgroundIt was previously demonstrated that miR-199a-3p plays an important role in tumor progression; especially, its down-regulation in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is associated with cancer cell invasion and proliferation. In the present report, we investigated the mechanism involved in the down-regulation of miR-199a-3p in PTC and how miR-199a-3p regulates PTC invasion both in vivo and in vitro.MethodsqRT-PCR and Western blot assays were used to determine the expression of the investigated genes. Bisulfite sequencing PCR was used to investigate miR-199a-3p methylation. The functions of miR-199a-3p were investigated by a series of in vitro and in vivo experiments.ResultsOur results showed hypermethylation of the miR-199a-3p promoter, which resulted in decreased miR-199a-3p expression both in PTC cell lines and PTC tissues. DNA-methyltransferase 3a (DNMT3a), a target gene of miR-199a-3p, was increased both in PTC cell lines and PTC tissues, while 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine (methyltransferase-specific inhibitor) or knock-down using DNMT3a Small-Interfering RNA could restore the expression of miR-199a-3p, and the over-expression of miR-199a-3p could decrease the expression of DNMT3a; this suggests that miR-199a-3p/DNMT3a constructs a regulatory circuit in regulating miR-199a-3p/DNMT3a expression. Moreover, gain- and loss-of-function studies revealed that miR-199a-3p is involved in cancer cell migration, invasion, and growth. Meanwhile, we found that RAP2a was also a direct target of miR-199a-3p, which might mediate the tumor-growth-inhibiting effect of miR-199a-3p. To further confirm the tumor-suppressive properties of miR-199a-3p, stable overexpression of miR-199a-3p in a PTC cell line (BCPAP cells) was xenografted to athymic BALB/c nude mice, resulting in delayed tumor growth in vivo. In clinical PTC samples, the expression of RAP2a and DNMT3a was increased significantly, and the expression of RAP2a was inversely correlated with that of miR-199a-3p.ConclusionOur studies demonstrate that an epigenetic change in the promoter region of miR-199a contributes to the aggressive behavior of PTC via the miR-199a-3p/DNMT3a regulatory circuit and directly targets RAP2a.
Cigarette Smoking Increased Risk of Overall Mortality in Patients With Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Charatcharoenwitthaya Phunchai , Karaketklang Khemajira , Aekplakorn Wichai 
Published: December 2020

Background: The evidence suggests a detrimental effect of cigarette smoking on the progression of chronic liver disease. However, the impact of cigarette smoking on mortality among patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) remain unclear.Methods: We used the National Health Examination Survey data collected during 2008–2009 to link the National Death Index to follow-up respondent survival. Diagnosis of NAFLD was based on a lipid accumulation product in participants without significant alcohol use or other liver diseases.Results: During 64,116 person-years of follow-up, 928 of 7,529 participants with NAFLD died, and the cumulative all-cause mortality was 14.5 per 1,000 person-years. In a Cox regression model adjusted for age, body mass index, alcohol intake, exercise, comorbidities, lipid profiles, and handgrip strength, current smoking increased the risk of mortality by 109% (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR): 2.09, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.18–3.71) compared with never smoker status in women, but showed only a trend toward harm among men (aHR: 1.41, 95% CI: 0.96–2.08). After controlling for potential confounders, smoking ≥10 pack-years continued to show a significant harmful effect on all-cause mortality among women (aHR: 5.40, 95% CI: 2.19–13.4), but not in men. Among women who drink alcohol ≥10 grams per day, current smoking (aHR: 13.8, 95% CI: 1.66–145) and smoking ≥10 pack-years (aHR: 310, 95% CI: 78–1,296) also significantly increased risk of death.Conclusion: This nationwide population-based study highlight a detrimental effect of cigarette smoking on mortality, with a similar but more definite association in women than in men with NAFLD.
Metabolic Disorder of Extracellular Matrix Mediated by Decorin Upregulation Is Associated With Brain Arteriovenous Malformation Diffuseness
Authors: Li Maogui , Liu Qingyuan , Yang Junhua , Jiang Pengjun , Yang Yi , Zhang Yanan , Cao Yong , Wu Jun , Wang Shuo 
Published: December 2020

Background and ObjectiveDiffuse brain arteriovenous malformations (BAVMs) are mixed up with normal brain parenchyma and therefore increase the difficulty of surgical resection, leading to poor surgical prognosis. Since the mechanism underlying BAVM diffuseness remains unknown, a quantitative proteomic analysis was performed to investigate the altered expression of proteins in diffuse BAVMs compared to compact ones.MethodsWe performed proteomic analysis on five diffuse BAVMs and five compact BAVMs. Bioinformatics analysis was conducted to identify potential signals related to BAVM diffuseness. Candidate proteins were then investigated in BAVM specimens using immunofluorescence and Western blot analysis. Tube formation assays were used to investigate the effects of candidate proteins on the angiogenesis of human umbilical endothelial cells (HUVECs). Finally, Masson, Sirius red staining, and immunofluorescence were used to evaluate the characteristics of extracellular matrix (ECM) in BAVM tissues.ResultsA total of 58 proteins were found to be differentially expressed between diffuse and compact BAVMs via proteomic analysis. TGF-β (transforming growth factor-beta) signaling pathway, ECM–receptor pathway, relaxin signaling pathway, and several other pathways were associated with BAVM diffuseness. The TGF-β signaling pathway is associated with angiogenesis; the role of this pathway in the formation of diffuse BAVMs was investigated, and the decorin (DCN) upregulation played an important role in this process. Immunofluorescence showed that DCN was significantly upregulated within and around the malformed vessels of diffuse BAVMs. Functional assays showed that exogenous DCN could promote the tube formation ability of HUVECs through inhibiting the TGF-β signaling pathway and overproducing ECM. Histological staining demonstrated the overproduction of ECM in diffuse BAVMs.ConclusionTGF-β signaling pathway inhibited by DCN in vascular endothelial cells is related to BAVM diffuseness. The metabolic disorder of ECM caused by DCN upregulation may significantly contribute to the formation of diffuse BAVMs.
The BAL-Score Almost Perfectly Predicts Testicular Torsion in Children: A Two-Center Cohort Study
Authors: Klinke Michaela , Elrod Julia , Stiel Carolin , Ghadban Tarik , Wenskus Julia , Herrmann Jochen , Junge Carl-Martin , Reinshagen Konrad , Boettcher Michael 
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Testicular torsion (TT) is a common emergency that warrants immediate exploration to prevent infertility or testicular loss. To improve diagnostic reliability, various scoring systems have been published. The aim of this study was to evaluate and validate different testicular torsion scores in a large cohort of children with acute scrotum.Methods: Retrospective analysis of all male children that were admitted for acute scrotum at the Pediatric Surgery Department of the Altonaer Kinderkrankenhaus and University medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf from 01/2013 to 03/2019. Two testicular torsion scores (Boettcher Alert Score, Testicular Workup for Ischemia and Suspected Torsion Score) were applied to all data sets. Furthermore, an artificial intelligence (AI)-based score was developed and compared to the two current scores.Results: In total, 460 boys were included in the study. Of those, 48 (10.4%) had TT. Children with TT suffered most often from short duration of pain, nausea and vomiting, high riding testicle and absent cremasteric reflex. The BALS and the AI-based score had excellent predictive values and all patients with TT would have been detected.Conclusion: The BAL and the AI score show excellent predictive capabilities and may be used to identify all cases of TT in a pediatric population. The scores are easy to apply. As the BALS was slightly better, we advocate to use this score but to validate our findings in prospective multicenter studies.
Communicatio In Sacris Berbagi Kasanah Rohani Medium Membangun Persaudaraan di Antara Umat Kristiani Analisa Sejarah, Doktrin dan Iuris
Authors: Gegel I Ketut 
Published: December 2020

In this paper, the author studies of Communicatio in Sacris as an act of sharing sacraments among Christians. This study begins with the author's observation regarding of relation among Christians at this time. In the past centuries, many dissensions happened and large communities were separated from full communion with Catholic Church. Each excludes others to take part in its own liturgy. However, it should be kept in mind, that unity which Christ willed, stood at the very heart of the Church’s mission. At every era, there have been figures who do not only defend the Church but also open the Church to other Christians, especially, in her liturgical services. It has begun a long the history of the Church. It is sufficient to simply to mention two of them. In 1244 Innocent IV allowed Dominicans to minister separated Christian communities by sharing the Eucharist with them. In modern age, John XXIII who led the 2nd Vatican Council has brought Catholic Church even more open toward other Churches, giving a wide possibility to share sacraments with non Catholic. The purpose of all these actions is for the goodness of souls. The method used in this article is a qualitative research, by analyzing the Church view of communicatio in sacris. The author analyzed the Church documents: 2nd Vatican Council, Canon Law and other sources, including digital sources to support the analysis. From this study, the author found out that communicatio in sacris in its strict meaning means to share sacraments amongs Christians that becomes an instrument to foster fraternity among Christians.
Abraham Sahabat Allah
Authors: Anton Pareira Berthold 
Published: December 2020

Abraham is called by the three monotheistic religions as friend of God. According to Gn 18:16b-33 he by his call is to become a friend of God. What does it mean? In wisdom theology of Wis 7-8 those who seek and love wisdom are called friends of God and in Jn 15:15 Christ calls all His disciples as His friends. This study tries to explore the relationship between these texts and its significance for the life of the Church in our time.
Cahuachi musical. Característica morfológica de las antaras Nazca
Authors: Gruszczyńska-Ziółkowska Anna 
Published: December 2020

Short description:
As result of archaeological investigations in different sites attributed to the Nasca culture, numerous musical instruments have been recovered. The Cahuachi site, which spans over 24 square kilometers, was an especially important event in musical archeology. The archaeo-musicological investigations done on the material from this site reveal a great diversity of types and forms of the most common music instrument: Pan's flute. The text tries to classify this abundant material.
Laporan Kasus : Septo Optic Dysplasia (de Morsier Syndrome)
Authors: Sutrisno Sony 
Published: December 2020

Septo optic dysplasia (SOD) adalah kelainan kongenital yang jarang ditemukan, dengan angka kejadian 1 : 10.000 kelahiran hidup. Karakteristik SOD adalah ditemukannya dua dari tiga kelainan berupa disgenesis septum struktur midline otak, disgenesis saraf optikus, dan disfungsi kelenjar pituitari. Kami melaporkan seorang pasien perempuan berusia 11 tahun datang dengan keluhan mata juling dan gangguan penglihatan. Pada pemeriksaan mata, didapatkan visus mata kanan 1/60 dan mata kiri 6/6. CT scan menunjukan hipoplasia selubung saraf optikus kanan dan agenesis septum pelusidum. Pada pasien tidak terdapat gangguan pertumbuhan ataupun perkembangan serta tidak terdapat gangguan neurologi. Pemeriksaan radiologis memiliki peranan yang penting dalam membantu menegakkan diagnosis SOD karena baik untuk mengevaluasi struktur otak dan saraf optikus
The Causes of al-‘Ilāl According to Al-Bazzār in his Book al-Bahru’z-Zakhār “An Applied Study”
Authors: Qadir Abdul , F. Gorashi  
Published: December 2020

Critics among the traditionalists “Muhadditheen” defectify Hadith on the basis of certain reasons associated to a particular Hadith. This research work specifies the scholarly work done by the great critic, Imam Bazzar in the field of Hadith defection provided in his valuable book Musnad Al-Bazzar (Collection of Prophetic traditions). The entire research work is divided into three main parts. The first part provides a brief introduction of the author, and his book "Musnad al-Bazzar ". The second part describes the science of Hadith Defection “ ‘Ilal” and overview of the writings on the subject. The third part is the core part of this research work, identifying the causes of Hadith Defection “ ‘Ilal” adopted by Imam Bazzar, in addition to the illustrative examples, as well as the study of defectification in the light of rules laid down by the well-known critics and traditionalists ‘Muhadditheen’.
The Research Methodology I have adopted here is descriptive analytical approach towards methods of Hadith collection, reviewing them and extracting the cause of defect in the light of methodology adopted by Imam Bazzar.
The researcher concludes that the causes of Hadith Defection adopted by Bazzar are uniqueness, illusion, defilement, divergences in attribution, interval, Concealment and conduct.
Preeklampsi ile komplike olmuş gebelerde 24 saatlik idrarda proteinüri değerlerinin maternal ve perinatal sonuçlar üzerine etkisi
Authors: BEHRAM Mustafa , OĞLAK Süleyman Cemil , BOLLUK Gökhan , SEZER Salim , GEDİK ÖZKÖSE Zeynep , SÜZEN ÇAYPINAR Sema , ACAR Züat , ÖLMEZ Fatma 
Published: December 2020

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, 24 saatlik proteinüri (PU) düzeyinin maternal, perinatal ve fetal sonuçlar ile ilişkisinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Preeklampsi tanısıyla yatırılan hastalar (n=92) 24 saatlik idrarda PU düzeylerine göre hafif (0,3-2 g), şiddetli (2-5 g) ve masif (≥5 g) PU olarak üç gruba ayrıldı. Hastalara ait bazı tanımlayıcı ve klinik bilgiler, doğum öncesi ve sonrası kan ve idrar biyokimyası sonuçları, doğum haftası ve hastaneye yatışlarına ait bilgiler, yenidoğanlara ait doğum bilgileri hasta dosyalarından elde edildi ve PU grupları arasında karşılaştırma ve ilişki analizleri yapıldı.
Bulgular: Hafif, şiddetli ve masif PU gruplarında sırasıyla 41, 17 ve 34 hasta vardı. Hastaların doğum öncesi 24 saatlik PU miktarı ortalaması 4776,4±5616,6 mg/dL idi. Ayrıca, doğum sonrası, annelerde %20 oranında komplikasyon gelişti. Hafif ve şiddetli PU grupları arasında yaş, RDW ve hastaneye yatış ile doğum arasında geçen süre parametrelerinde anlamlı farklar bulundu ve şiddetli PU grubunda her üç parametre de daha düşüktü. Masif PU grubunda, hafif PU grubuna göre AST ve kordon kanı pH’si daha düşük; BUN, kreatinin ve beyaz küre sayısı daha yüksek idi. Şiddetli ve masif PU grupları arasında ise yalnızca kreatinin düzeyinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir yükselme gözlendi.
Sonuç: Şiddetli ve masif PU’da BUN, BK ve kreatinin seviyesi daha yüksek, kordon pH’si daha düşüktür. Böbrek fonksiyonlarını gösteren bu biyokimyasal testlerin uzun dönem maternal böbrek fonksiyonlarına etkisinin, ayrıca doğumdaki düşük kordon pH’sinin bebeklerin uzun dönem sonuçlarına etkisinin olup olmadığını belirleyebilmek için daha uzun süreli ve ileri araştırmalara ihtiyaç vardır.
A characterization of singular Schrödinger operators on the half-line
Authors: Scandone Raffaele , Luperi Baglini Lorenzo , Simonov Kyrylo 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe study a class of delta-like perturbations of the Laplacian on the half-line, characterized by Robin boundary conditions at the origin. Using the formalism of nonstandard analysis, we derive a simple connection with a suitable family of Schrödinger operators with potentials of very large (infinite) magnitude and very short (infinitesimal) range. As a consequence, we also derive a similar result for point interactions in the Euclidean space

$\mathbb {R}^3$
, in the case of radial potentials. Moreover, we discuss explicitly our results in the case of potentials that are linear in a neighborhood of the origin.
MEMBANGUN KEPEMIMPINAN KRISTEN ENTREPRENEURIAL SEBAGAI LANDASAN KEBERHASILAN UPAYA MEMIMPIN (BUILDING ENTREPRENEURIAL CHRISTIAN LEADERSHIP AS A FUNDAMENTAL OF SUCCESSFUL LEADING EFFORTS)
Authors: Tanasyah Yusak , Iswahyudi Iswahyudi , Phang Steven 
Published: December 2020

Why are some leaders successful, while others fail? The truth is that there is no "magic combination" of characteristics that make a leader successful, and different characteristics matter in different situations. This does not mean, however, that we cannot learn to be effective leaders. We just need to understand the different approaches to leadership, so that we can use the right approach for our own situation. This paper offers how to build entrepreneurial Christian leadership in achieving the success of a leader. The conclusion is that entrepreneurial leadership is a personal strength of a leader. It is very necessary that the soul of leadership in every human person.

Mengapa beberapa pemimpin yang sukses, sementara yang lain gagal? Yang benar adalah bahwa tidak ada "kombinasi ajaib" dari karakteristik yang membuat seorang pemimpin yang sukses, dan karakteristik yang berbeda penting dalam situasi yang berbeda. Ini tidak berarti, bagaimanapun, bahwa kita tidak bisa belajar untuk menjadi pemimpin yang efektif. Kita hanya perlu memahami berbagai pendekatan kepemimpinan, sehingga kita dapat menggunakan pendekatan yang tepat untuk situasi sendiri. Tulisan ini menawarkan bagaimana membangun kepemimpinan Kristen entrepreneurial dalam mencapai keberhasilan seorang pemimpin. Kesimpulannya bahwa kepemimpinan entrepreneurial adalah suatu kekuatan pribadi dari seorang pemimpin. Sangat diperlukan sekali jiwa kepemimpinan pada setiap pribadi manusia.
PENGARUH GURU PENDIDIKAN AGAMA KRISTEN TERHADAP PELAYANAN REMAJA DALAM KONTEKS GEREJA DI INDONESIA (THE INFLUENCE OF CHRISTIAN RELIGION EDUCATION TOWARD TEENAGERS SERVICES IN THE CONTEXT OF CHURCHES IN INDONESIA)
Authors: Gulo Yoseti , Sugiri Widjaja 
Published: December 2020

Facing the development of science and technology, Christian Religious Education provides an understanding for adolescents to utilize technology and stay away from its negative effects. The mission of Christian Religious Education means to provide a comprehensive change in spiritual life in the midst of a pluralistic society. Therefore, Christian Religious Education teachers in the church must be sensitive to the conditions, development and needs of youth. This study aims first, to improve the professional competence of Christian Religious Education teachers in churches to foster Christian values for Christian teenagers. Second, Christian Religious Education teachers realize that the growth of adolescent faith helps build good and appropriate teenagers levels. Third, Christian teenagers will take part in the ministry when they become mature in faith by using descriptive qualitative methods.

Menghadapi perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi, Pendidikan Agama Kristen berperan memberikan pemahaman bagi remaja untuk memanfaatkan teknologi dan menjauhi dampak negatifnya. Misi Pendidikan Agama Kristen ialah memberikan perubahan kehidupan rohani yang menyeluruh ditengah-tengah masyarkat majemuk. Karena itu, guru Pendidikan Agama Kristen di gereja harus peka terhadap kondisi, perkembangan dan kebutuhan remaja. Penelitian ini bertujuan pertama, meningkatkan kompetensi profesional guru Pendidikan Agama Kristen di gereja untuk menumbuhkan nlai-nilai kristiani remaja Kristen. Kedua, guru Pendidikan Agama Kristen menyadari bahwa pertumbuhan iman remaja turut dipengaruhi oleh pengajaran yang baik dan tepat sesuai level remaja. Ketiga, remaja Kristen akan mengambil bagian dalam pelayanan ketika sudah menjadi dewasa iman dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriprif.
MUTUALITAS KELUARGA KRISTEN MENURUT KOLOSE 3:18-21 (THE QUALITY OF THE CHRISTIAN FAMILY ACCORDING TO COLOSSIANS 3:18-21)
Authors: Rumimpunu Handry David , Sutrisno Sutrisno , Lumingkewas Marthin Steven 
Published: December 2020

Modern civilization with its industrialization has brought many changes to Christian family life, where modernization also means a shift from an agrarian society to an industrial society. This development brings about changes that have a direct impact on family life, both in the patterns and roles of the Christian family, as well as in attitudes and views of the values that are the foundation of family life. The article aims to discover the meaning of the mutuality of the Christian family based on Colossians 3: 18-21. In achieving these objectives, this study uses descriptive qualitative methods. The conclusion is that the formation of a family on earth began when Allah created and blessed husband, wife, and child as a complete and perfect family in God's sight with love, obedience, respect, and responsibility.

Peradaban modern dengan industrialisasinya telah membawa banyak perubahan bagi kehidupan keluarga Kristen, dimana modernisasi juga berarti pergeseran dari masyarakat agraris ke masyarakat industri. Perkembangan ini membawa perubahan yang mempunyai dampak langsung bagi kehidupan keluarga, baik dalam pola dan peranan keluarga Kristen, maupun dalam sikap dan pandangan terhadap nilai-nilai yang menjadi sendi kehidupan keluarga. Artikel memiliki maksud untuk menemukan makna mutualitas keluarga Kristen berdasarkan Kolose 3:18-21. Dalam mencapai tujuan tersebut penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Hasilnya adalah pembentukan keluarga di muka bumi dimulai ketika Allah menciptakan dan memberkati suami, istri, dan anak sebagai keluarga yang lengkap dan sempurna dalam pandangan Allah dengan kasih, ketaatan, menghormati, dan bertanggung jawab.