bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recuperating Older Scots in the early 18th century
Authors: Smith Jeremy J. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In early 18th-century Scotland, a group of writers and printers appeared who were engaged, as a community of practice, on the recuperation of Scots verse composed some two hundred years earlier. In doing so they have a claim to be the ‘inventors’ of Scots, bringing about what literary critics have regularly referred to as the ‘vernacular revival’. In this chapter, the editorial work of two key figures – Allan Ramsay and Thomas Ruddiman – is examined. It is shown how features of ‘expressive form’ in their editions, such as spelling and punctuation, can be related closely to the paratextual materials supplied. It is also shown how Ramsay’s and Ruddiman’s editorial practices relate closely to their own ideological interests.
Revisiting global and intra-categorial frequency shifts in the English
modals
Authors: Daugs Robert 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
English modal verbs are claimed to be declining in their
use in English (Leech 2011, 2013; inter alia), an assertion that is
essentially based on aggregate frequencies of modals across register and time (Biber 2004). Since modals may be viewed as a
prime example of paradigmatic organization (e.g. Diewald 2009; Diewald
& Smirnova 2012), it seems only plausible to seek a generalization
regarding their overall development. This approach, however, comes with a drawback,
namely that it neglects the modal system’s underlying heterogeneity. By utilizing
both historical and contemporary language data from COHA (Davies 2010) and COCA (Davies 2008), I will argue that the obvious variability in the
English modal system represents an important caveat against making generalizations
across an entire category in terms of frequency shifts.
How and why seem became an evidential
Authors: Lampert Gunther 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Conceived as an instance of critical meta-linguistics,
this study traces how and why the expert literature has come to categorize seem as a
marker of evidentiality. This by now common claim is seen to depend not on a more
adequate account of the data, but on (axiomatic) decisions guided by underlying
ideologies, the formation of theory communities, and the belief in semantic
essences. As foils for comparison, my contribution will offer panoramic surveys of
the earlier conceptualizations of seem in terms of impression-based qualifications
and hedging. To start off, the article will present my own view on seem, which
assigns the verb an invariable meaning associating two alternative
conceptualizations held at the same time, where one (say, the factive) is
attentionally foregrounded in one context while the other (the fictive) is
backgrounded.
The Finnish se että initiated expressions
Authors: Suomalainen Karita , Vatanen Anna , Laury Ritva 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This paper concerns the grammatical category of Finnish expressions initiated with se että (lit. ‘it that’). In earlier studies based on written data, they have been considered clausal NPs functioning as subjects, objects and complements. In our spoken data, both present-day and older, se että initiated expressions have a wider range of functions. We show that some se että expressions have characteristics of NPs, but others are unlike NPs in certain ways, concluding that the category of NP is not binary, but rather a continuum with fuzzy boundaries. We also show that se että has been grammaticized into a projector phrase which does not initiate complement clauses but rather functions as a sedimented formula in the service of interactional practices.
Multimodal noun phrases
Authors: Keevallik Leelo 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In co-present interaction, our bodies are continuously available for sense-making. Linguists, however, have generally analyzed grammatical patterns, such as noun phrases, separately from the rest of human behavior. This chapter looks at a collection of cases in Swedish, English, and Estonian, where the speaker initiates a noun phrase but completes it with an embodied demonstration. Other participants treat this multimodal structure as complete and comprehensible. Building on earlier research on syntactic-bodily units (Keevallik 2013, 2017) this study calls into question the analytic boundary between language and the body and argues that grammatical projection cross-cuts modalities even within the assumedly robust noun phrase.
The pragmatics of ‘light nouns’ in Besemah
Authors: McDonnell Bradley 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Perhaps the most widely discussed aspect of the NP in western Austronesian languages is the relative clause, which is described in terms of its syntactic relation to the noun it modifies. It is expressed by a ‘relativizer’ and a so-called ‘gap’ in the modifying clause that is co-referential with the head noun. One western Austronesian language that appears to be quite different in this regard is Besemah, a little-described Malayic language of southwest Sumatra. This is because constructions analogous to relative clauses in Besemah are best described as Noun Modifying Constructions (NMC) following studies of similar phenomena in other languages, most notably Japanese. Like Japanese, Besemah NMCs most often occur with a so-called ‘light’ head noun, which has a general, abstract meaning, such as ‘thing’, ‘situation’, etc. This paper shows that NMCs headed by a closed class of light nouns serve a number interactional functions, including formulating reference to discourse entities that are recognizable to participants, elaborating upon discourse entities in increments, jointly working out the identity of a referent in other-initiations of repair, and constructing story beginnings with unattached light nouns among others. I argue that the semantically-bleached nature of light nouns and the ‘loose’ (pragmatically-determined) relationship between the light head noun and modifying elements allow speakers to construct NMCs that fit local contexts and serve various interactional purposes.
NP clustering in Mandarin conversational interaction
Authors: Tao Hongyin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Noun phrases (NPs) have traditionally been analyzed as a phrasal level unit with hierarchical internal structures as well as syntactic roles in larger syntactic units. In this chapter, I examine NP-related patterns at the discourse level. Using Mandarin conversation data, this chapter focuses on multiple NPs that cluster as adjacent turn constructional units. The patterns identified include: (1) deictic forms supported by gestures for mutual gaze and joint attention; (2) repeated (first person singular) pronouns for mitigation of conflicting stance and self-distancing; (3) diverse NP forms for step-wise reference identification or elaboration; (4) joint production of multiple NPs to display shared stance or mutual orientation; and (5) lists of multiple items for persuasion, exemplification, and clarification as well as for affiliative stance or mutual orientation. As these patterns go beyond the realm of clausal level syntax with demonstrable interactional effects, they are taken to show that there is discourse-level grammar, or grammar-in-interaction, to be accounted for when syntactic notions such as NPs are examined in context, and interactional discourse-based constructions, though non-conventional at times, raise important questions about the shape, formation, and dynamic nature of interaction and grammar.
Magnetic skyrmion annihilation by quantum mechanical tunneling
Authors: Vlasov Sergei M , Bessarab Pavel F , Lobanov Igor S , Potkina Mariia N , Uzdin Valery M , Jónsson Hannes 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Magnetic skyrmions are nano-scale magnetic states that could be used in various spintronics devices. A central issue is the mechanism and rate of various possible annihilation processes and the lifetime of metastable skyrmions. While most studies have focused on classical over-the-barrier mechanism for annihilation, it is also possible that quantum mechanical tunneling through the energy barrier takes place. Calculations of the lifetime of magnetic skyrmions in a two-dimensional lattice are presented and the rate of tunneling compared with the classical annihilation rate. A remarkably strong variation in the onset temperature for tunneling and the lifetime of the skyrmion is found as a function of the values of parameters in the extended Heisenberg Hamiltonian, i.e. the out-of-plane anisotropy, Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction and applied magnetic field. Materials parameters and conditions are identified where the onset of tunneling could be observed on a laboratory time scale. In particular, it is predicted that skyrmion tunneling could be observed in the PdFe/Ir(111) system when an external magnetic field on the order of 6T is applied.
Medical image processing using python and open cv
Authors: Widodo C E , Adi K , Gernowo R 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This paper presents the implementation of the Python programming language and the Open CV library in medical image processing. Medical images play an important role in identifying diseases and detecting whether organs are functioning properly. Image processing related to medical images is an active research field where various techniques are used to facilitate diagnosis and various image processing techniques can be used. In this study, image processing was performed including image preprocessing, histogram equalization, smoothening, erosion, and dilation. The use of python was chosen because this programming language is open source with a lot of available resources. The open CV library is also available free of charge and provides tons of image processing functions. The software can also be installed in a small Raspberry Pi computer and low electrical power usage making it very suitable as an efficient resource of the medical image processing system.
Interaction between madden-julian oscillation and monsoon related to big floods over south sulawesi in january 2019
Authors: Hermawan E , Harjana T , Ridho A , Maulana T 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Study of interaction between MJO and Monsoon and their impact on the extreme rainfall over the Maritime Continent (MC) until now not yet fully understood due to the limitation of data observation. However, there many techniques to derive the extreme rainfall from the satellite data, especially for GSMap (Global Satellite Mapping of Precipitation) that already designed with good spatial-temporal resolution. In this study, we have investigated the interaction between MJO and Asian Monsoon when they are interactive simultaneously. By taking the Makasar city as a sample of big floods over South Sulawesi dated January 22, 2019, we found a good agreement between MJO, Monsoon, and their impact on the extreme rainfall in that time. We applied four techniques, namely; temporal, spatial, Hovmoller, and PSD (Power Spectral Density), respectively. Then, we found the MJO in phases 4 and 5 were responsible for the occurring of big rainfall over South Sulawesi. For this reason, we suspect the development of the MJO index model, especially for phases 4 and 5 when passing over South Sulawesi is very important for the next investigation.
Merapi observed gravity anomaly changes in 2019
Authors: Rina D I , Irham M N 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Volcano disasters are one of the natural disasters that often occur in Indonesia, one of which is Merapi. The impact of the periodic eruption of Mount Merapi is a major threat to the safety of the population periodically. The large eruption cycle of Merapi Volcano occurred in 1587, 1672, 1768, 1822, 1849, 1872, 1930, 1961 and 2010. The results of the 1988,1998 and 2011 studies showed the increasing number of magmas which can be observed from the dimensions of the magma chamber. The structure changes are predicted from phreatic eruptions in 2013, 2014 and 2016, whereas in 2018 and 2019 occurrence of pyroclastic flow. The research of gravity changes used observed gravity anomaly in 2019 as the first step of time-lapse Merapi activity analysis. The number of observation points was 100 with reference to the same position in 2011. The results of observed gravity anomaly changes are increasing mass in the summit area and decreasing mass in the southeast, west and the north of research areas on the elevation of 500 m to 1400 m.
The contribution of fatty acids composition of soybean oil on natural and electro-optics polarization
Authors: Rahmawati A , Firdausi K S , Sugito H , Azzam M , Richardina V , Susanto Q M B 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
A study of light polarization as a new alternative test of cooking oil quality today provides an advantage in biophysics and other fields. In this research, we determined the relation between polarization and fatty acids composition of soybean oil. The light source was a green pointer laser with λ = 532 nm, and the electro-optics polarization was produced through high DC voltage 0-9 kV across the sample. The results show that natural polarization and electro-optics polarization give different physical meanings in relation to oil fatty acid composition. The natural polarization informed that the increasing polarization was caused by increasing poly-unsaturated acids and saturated acids in asymmetric triglyceride molecules. It was accompanied by the decreasing polarization due to the increasing monounsaturated in symmetric triglyceride molecules. While the electro-optics polarization described that all fatty acids contribute to the increasing polarization due to increased induced dipole from all acids.
Horizontal gradient analysis of gravity data for subsurface fluid flow identification (case study: cilincing, north jakarta)
Authors: Hertiansa R P , Rosid M S 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Jakarta is a large city with a 10.37 million population. Most of the clean water needs are provided via groundwater. This might be a problem for some areas with groundwater conditions such as brine, or even salty water. The salt-water issue in Jakarta is not uncommon. Many researchers have conducted their studies on this topic from many perspectives. They are all divided into 2 main general conclusions, saltwater happens because of intrusion and saltwater is there because it is connate water. This study aims to give a new perspective on understanding the salt-water issue. Methods used for this study are gravity measurement to get a horizontal gradient value. The other is groundwater well sampling to measure the value of pH, salinity, conductivity, and water table elevation. These methods will be comprehensively interpreted to get the direction of subsurface fluid flow. Results from salinity and conductivity of groundwater show more salinity and conductivity in the North direction and less on the South one. Gravity data and the geological map also suggest that there is a fluid flow coming from North East to South West. All of these methods used in this study have come to one conclusion, there is water flowing from the sea to the land, therefore there is a most likely saltwater intrusion on the region where this study is conducted.
Relationship between environmental knowledge understanding towards conservation attitudes of Earth Hour Semarang volunteers
Authors: Ripa’i M , Purwanto A P 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Humans and the environment are an inseparable part. Increasing of human activities and their negative characters cause environmental damage and pollution accelerate. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship of understanding environmental knowledge towards conservation attitudes of Earth Hour Semarang volunteers. This research is a quantitative study using a descriptive correlation research design with cross sectional approach. The population in this study was 22 active volunteers from earth hour Semarang and observed using valid questionnaires. Sampling used non-probability sampling techniques with saturated sampling (census). From the research conducted, it was found that there was a significant relationship between the understanding of environmental knowledge towards conservation attitudes of Earth Hour Semarang volunteers with p value = 0.019 (α <0.05) and had a relationship strength of 0.497 or in the category of strong relationships.
Characterization of the radiosensitization effect of pulsed laser ablated-gadolinium
Authors: Paramita S A , Nurhasanah I , Khumaeni A , Arifin Z 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Nanomedicine is a field of medical treatment research that has developed rapidly in recent years for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. New strategies in nanomedicine are to improve cancer diagnosis and therapy at the cellular and molecular level. Materials that are often used for nanomedicine are metal-based gadolinium. This research presents a preliminary study of the radiosensitization properties of gadolinium nanoparticles colloid. Gadolinium nanoparticle colloid was synthesized using a pulsed laser ablation method in pure water. The gadolinium nanoparticle colloid was characterized using a Scanning Electron Microscope and UV-Vis Spectrophotometer. Radiosensitization properties of gadolinium nanoparticles colloid were examined based on the decomposition of x-ray irradiated methylene blue. The results show that gadolinium nanoparticle colloid consists of a spherical shape particle and has a bandgap energy of 5.76 eV. Gadolinium nanoparticle colloid possessed radiosensitization properties with a dose enhancement factor in the range of 1.51-1.54.
Low-temperature process for green tea drying using zeolite adsorption integrated fluidized bed dryer
Authors: Handayani S U , Paramita V , Yulianto M E , Siswanto A P 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This work studied the optimization of low-temperature drying by using a laboratory scale and applied it on the pilot plant scale of fluidized bed dryer integrated with zeolite adsorption. The drying time was observed regarding the airflow rate, temperature and zeolite-tea leave ratio. The green tea leaves moisture content was specified gravimetrically until constant weight can be obtained. Applying 70°C as the drying temperature, the green tea leave is secure for a faster drying rate and can be avoided from the catechin epimerization and thermal degradation. Applying 0.40 m/s as airflow rate can remove the water surface faster than 0.50 m/s of airflow rate, although it needs a longer time to drag out the inner moisture content of the solid. The pilot-plant scale required longer time (40 minutes) on the first falling rate period than laboratory scale (30 minutes), although it gave faster second falling rate period at the same airflow rate (0.50 m/s), temperature (70° C) and zeolite-tea leave ratio (25:75).
Growth of collagen-nanosilver (Co-AgNP) biocomposite film with electrospinning method for wound healing applications
Authors: Subagio A , Umiati N A K , Gunawan V 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSilver nanoparticles (AgNP) are classified as metal-based nanoparticles and have received considerable attention among researchers in the application of wound healing, due to their physicochemical and biological properties. In this research silver nanoparticles (AgNP) will be combined with collagen to collagen-nanosilver (Co-AgNP) grown by electrospinning method into nanofiber film. The optimum parameter of the electrospinning process using an electric voltage of 25 kV at a spray distance of 20 cm becomes based on the process growth of Co-AgNP film. By using PVA as an electrospun polymer, the collagen-nanosilver composite (Co-AgNP) can be grown into a film that can be used as a wound dressing.
3D modeling of subsurface jiwo fault around gantiwarno sub-district, klaten district, central java using the magnetic method
Authors: Yulianto T , Irham M N , Sasongko D P , Widada S 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The Yogyakarta and Klaten earthquake on May 27, 2006, which caused around 5700 people to become victims (from the district of Klaten in 2000 and around 5000 from the Special Region of Yogyakarta). Some earth experts believe that the earthquake was caused by the activities of the Opak Fault in Yogyakarta and the Jiwo Fault in Klaten. That is because the biggest victims are indeed located around the two fault lines. This study aims to map the existence of the Jiwo Fault in Gantiwarno District and surrounding Klaten Regency by magnetic methods. The study area was conducted at an estimated location as the Jiwo Fault with an area of about 20 km x 20 km. Data collecting of total earth magnetic field data in this study using the Proton Precession Magnetometer, while the coordinates of the data collection point are measured with GPS Garmin III Plus. In this study, 150 points were successfully measured. Total magnetic field data is then corrected daily variations and IGRF corrections. The corrected magnetic field data was an inversion of 3D modeling using oasis montaj software. Based on the modeling of the total magnetic field data and the results of the geological survey it was concluded that the dominant geological structure is the fault trending southwest-northeast to west-east, which is interpreted as the Jiwo Fault. Based on the results of 3D modeling using oasis montaj software that began to be seen at a depth of 500 m, it began to be seen clearly at a depth of 1000 m to a depth of 3400 m below sea level is still clearly visible.
Pictures on the second homotopy module of the group from Kronecker product on the representation quaternion group
Authors: Zakiya A M , Yanita Y , Arnawa I M 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This paper discusses pictures on the second homotopy module of the group from the Kronecker product on the representation quaternion group. It needs three notions to construct the second homotopy module, which is the presentation of the group, word, and spherical picture. In this paper, it has used the presence of a group that is obtained from the group Kronecker product on the representation of the quaternion group. This presentation has four generators and five relations. Based on this presentation, we got word, and then a picture can be drawn. It uses van Kampen Lemma to construct the picture and operation on picture to obtain a spherical picture. It has presented pictures with one and all of the generators in the presentation of the group. It has used relations in the presentation of a group to make the picture become a spherical picture. We conclude that the spherical picture, which becomes generators built all pictures.
The first fundamental group of Kronecker quaternion group
Authors: Adrianda A , Yanita Y 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This paper discusses the first fundamental group from the identity graph of the group derived from the Kronecker product of the group quaternion representation. This group is called the Kronecker quaternion group. The purpose of this paper is to show the elements of the first fundamental group of the Kronecker quaternion group. A graph is needed to determine the first fundamental group. In this case, an identity graph is used; that is, graphs obtained from the Kronecker quaternion group. From this identity graph, it’s computed how many directed graphs can be made. The elements of the first fundamental group are the equivalence classes of paths in the directed identity graph that begin and end by a particular vertex. It is shown that the number of equivalence classes of paths for any fundamental group obtained from the identity graph is one plus the number of a completed graph K
3 in the identity graph of the Kronecker quaternion group.