bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prediction of service half‐life time of high density polyethylene/organo‐modified calcium carbonate composite exposed naturally at Dong Hoi ‐ Quang Binh
Authors: Minh Le Duc , Chinh Nguyen Thuy , Giang Le Duc , Le Tong Cam , Quyen Dau Thi Kim , Hoang Thai 
Published: February 2020

AbstractNatural exposure and accelerated weather testing were carried out on high density polyethylene/organo‐modified calcium carbonate (HDPE/m‐CaCO3) composite. The natural exposure was conducted at Dong Hoi City, Quang Binh province (Viet Nam) for 36 months. The accelerated weather testing was carried out in a UV condensation weather device for 720 hours. The molecular weight of HDPE in HDPE/m‐CaCO3 composites was decreased significantly with rising natural exposure time. The drop in mechanical properties of composite was also reduced. The change in tensile strength of HDPE/m‐CaCO3 composite and average molecular weight of HDPE in the composite after testing was chosen to predict the service half‐life time of the composite. It was found that the tensile strength of composite tested in accelerated weather testing condition for 240.5 hours was as the same as the case tested for 337.5 days in natural exposure condition. The service half‐life time of the composite determined owing to the molecular weight and remained percentage of tensile strength was 11.2 months and 25.6 months, respectively.
Triterpenoid derivatives from Barringtonia racemosa
Authors: Van Quach Thi Thanh , Vien Le Thi , Hanh Tran Thi Hong , Huong Phan Thi Thanh , Van Thanh Nguyen , Cuong Nguyen Xuan , Nam Nguyen Hoai , Van Minh Chau 
Published: February 2020

AbstractUsing various chromatographic separations, two triterpenoid glucosides and three triterpenoid acids were isolated from a methanol extract of the Barringtonia racemosa branches and leaves. Their structures were elucidated as niga‐ichigoside F1 (1), rosamultin (2), 23‐hydroxytormentic acid (3), arjunic acid (4), and maslinic acid (5) by using extensive NMR spectroscopic analysis as well as comparison of the NMR data with those reported. This is the first report of compounds 1‐4 from B. racemosa.
Triterpenoid saponins from Mussaenda glabra Vahl
Authors: Bach Nguyen Xuan , Trang Do Thi , Nhiem Nguyen Xuan , Thu Vu Kim , Van Kiem Phan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractFive triterpenoid saponins, mussaendoside O (1), mussaendoside G (2), mussaendoside U (3), mussaendoside P (4), and mussaendoside Q (5) were isolated from the methanol extract of the aerial parts of Mussaenda glabra. Their chemical structures were determined using NMR spectra, ESI‐MS, as well as in comparison with the reported data. These compounds have been reported from the Mussaenda glabra for the first time.
Pre‐treatment of waste cooking oil with high free fatty acids content for biodiesel production: An optimization study via response surface methodology
Authors: Thoai Dang Nguyen , Le Hang Pham Thi , Lan Dang Thi 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBiodiesel is an alternative diesel fuel producing from vegetable oils or animal fats. At the present, most biodiesel is made from cooking oils with a very low amount of free fatty acid (FFA). Therefore, the cost of biodiesel is higher than petroleum diesel. However, the production cost of biodiesel can be reduced by using low‐cost feedstock oils such as waste cooking oil (WCO). There are some studies about acid‐catalyzed esterification process as a pretreatment of WCO with high FFA for biodiesel production. However, there have not many appropriate methods to optimize for this process. In this study, based on response surface methodology (RSM), a mathematical model was established which indicated the impact of independent experimental conditions as well as the relationship between these variables (MeOH/FFA molar ratio, H2SO4/FFA catalyst content, temperature and reaction time) to FFA conversion. This model was significant by comparison with both experimental value and predicted number of the FFA conversion, and showed strong agreement for experimental parameters. The FFA conversion of 90 % (FFA content of 0.40 wt%) was obtained in optimal conditions: MeOH/FFA molar ratio of 40.11, H2SO4/FFA catalyst content of 10.64 wt%, reaction temperature of 60 oC and reaction time of 5 h.
Synthesis of bimetallic Cu‐Ag nanoparticles prepared by DC high voltage electrochemical method
Authors: Hung Nguyen Duc , Van Cong Tran , Trang Hoang Nhu 
Published: February 2020

AbstractCopper‐silver bimetallic nanoparticles (NPs) can be prepared by electrochemical high voltage DC using silver and copper anodes in double distilled water. Bimetallic nano formation of Cu‐Ag‐NPs were performed by dissolving the Ag anode in anodic dissolved Cu solution or in the Cu NPs solution. The dependence of the DC current and the amount of electricity on the time show the reaction with a 200 mm electrode gap with formation of electronic plasma. The product obtained at 5 kV had the same characteristics as AgNPs with UV‐Vis spectrum: 420 nm, particle size distribution was mainly in small areas of 100 nm, zeta potential had value up to ‐80.6 mV as well as the good ability to kill bacteria.
New examples of rational Gushel-Mukai fourfolds
Authors: Hoff Michael , Staglianò Giovanni 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe construct new examples of rational Gushel-Mukai fourfolds, giving more evidence for the analog of the Kuznetsov Conjecture for cubic fourfolds: a Gushel–Mukai fourfold is rational if and only if it admits anassociated K3 surface.
Effect of vitamin D deficiency on depressive symptoms in child and adolescent psychiatric patients: results of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Libuda Lars , Timmesfeld Nina , Antel Jochen , Hirtz Raphael , Bauer Jens , Führer Dagmar , Zwanziger Denise , Öztürk Dana , Langenbach Gina , Hahn Denise , Ring Stefanie , Peters Triinu , Hinney Anke , Bühlmeier Judith , Hebebrand Johannes , Grasemann Corinna , Föcker Manuel 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Purpose
While observational studies revealed inverse associations between serum vitamin D levels [25(OH)D] and depression, randomized controlled trials (RCT) in children and adolescents are lacking. This RCT examined the effect of an untreated vitamin D deficiency compared to an immediate vitamin D3 supplementation on depression scores in children and adolescents during standard day and in-patient psychiatric treatment.

Methods
Patients with vitamin D deficiency [25(OH)D ≤ 30 nmol/l] and at least mild depression [Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) > 13] (n = 113) were 1:1 randomized into verum (VG; 2640 IU vitamin D3/d) or placebo group (PG) in a double-blind manner. During the intervention period of 28 days, both groups additionally received treatment as usual. BDI-II scores were assessed as primary outcome, DISYPS-II (Diagnostic System for Mental Disorders in Childhood and Adolescence, Self- and Parent Rating) and serum total 25(OH)D were secondary outcomes.

Results
At admission, 49.3% of the screened patients (n = 280) had vitamin D deficiency. Although the intervention led to a higher increase of 25(OH)D levels in the VG than in the PG (treatment difference: + 14 ng/ml; 95% CI 4.86–23.77; p = 0.003), the change in BDI-II scores did not differ (+ 1.3; 95% CI − 2.22 to 4.81; p = 0.466). In contrast, DISYPS parental ratings revealed pronounced improvements of depressive symptoms in the VG (− 0.68; 95% CI − 1.23 to − 0.13; p = 0.016).

Conclusion
Whereas this study failed to show a vitamin D supplementation effect on self-rated depression in adolescent in- or daycare patients, parents reported less depressive symptoms in VG at the end of our study. Future trials should consider clinician-rated depressive symptoms as primary outcome.

Trial registration
“German Clinical Trials Register” (https://www.drks.de), registration number: DRKS00009758
Properties of a superelastic NiTi shape memory alloy using laser powder bed fusion and adaptive scanning strategies
Authors: Gustmann Tobias , Gutmann Florian , Wenz Franziska , Koch Peter , Stelzer Ralph , Drossel Welf-Guntram , Korn Hannes 
Published: February 2020

AbstractA NiTi shape memory alloy with the nominal composition Ni50.9Ti49.1 (at%) was processed by laser beam melting/laser powder bed fusion and the process parameters as well as the type of scanning strategy (point-like exposure) were optimized in a first step to obtain delicate lattice structures (strut diameters below 200 µm). In the second step, the lattice structures were analyzed by means of optical and electron microscopy as well as computer tomography to obtain the interrelation between the process parameters, strut diameter and the uniformity of the corresponding struts. The processing, especially the laser power and the type of point-like exposure, has a strong influence on the resulting strut diameter and, therefore, on the haptic stiffness of lattice structures and the mechanical properties (deformability, superelasticity). Unlike other approaches, our findings imply that filigree NiTi lattices with high uniformity can be manufactured on a standard industry laser powder bed fusion machine without modifying its hard- or software configuration.
Security through block vault in a blockchain enabled federated cloud framework
Authors: Malomo Olumide , Rawat Danda , Garuba Moses 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe survivability of any organization in the event of disaster or attack could greatly depend on its offsite data recovery. But which provider could offer secure and resilient cyber security protection to offsite data is a major problem for individuals, businesses and organizations. In recent times, cyber-attacks are strategic and tactical. Adversaries are advanced with capability to access sensitive business digital assets. Their nefarious actions have exposed devastating flaws in many access controls at different levels, and are now security risk to systems, data storages and resources. In this paper, we present a Blockchain enabled federated cloud computing framework, to secure storage for offsite digital assets. Our framework is designed with a great degree of efficiency, privacy, scalability and restricted access control. It addresses authentication flaws and improve early detection of data breaches, by continuously evaluating subject’s access control and interaction with resources, using operation cost for monitoring and accountability. Evaluation showed proof of concept that our design and approach outperforms the traditional approaches.
Institutional Systems for Equitable Wealth Creation: Replication and an Update of Judge et al. (2014)
Authors: Judge William Q. , Fainshmidt Stav , Brown J. Lee 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACTThis replication study was invited by the Editor in Chief of Management and Organization Review, Arie Y. Lewin. The original study by Judge, Fainshmidt, and Brown (2014) spanned the global financial crisis (2005–2010), and as such, this anomalous time period may not have been representative of most economies, or even the overall global economy. In this replication study we refine and extend Judge et al. (2014) which explored the provocative question – which form of capitalism works best in terms of ‘equitable wealth creation’? Similar to the earlier study, we find that there are multiple paths to macro-economic success. Notably, effective institutional configurations tend to combine high-quality regulatory institutions, effective skill development systems, and social cultures largely unaffected by corruption so there is some commonality amongst effective configurations. In contrast, ineffective institutional configurations tend to be relatively weak in one or several of these three critical sets of institutions. Importantly, we find some novel patterns emerging from the most recent data, including potentially new forms of capitalism associated with equitable wealth creation. In addition, we find that effective credit market institutions are more important, and collective bargaining institutions are less important than the original study suggested. We discuss implications for the comparative capitalism literature, policy makers, and the future of capitalism in the global economy.
Fireball streak detection with minimal CPU processing requirements for the Desert Fireball Network data processing pipeline
Authors: Towner Martin C. , Cupak Martin , Deshayes Jean , Howie Robert M. , Hartig Ben A. D. , Paxman Jonathan , Sansom Eleanor K. , Devillepoix Hadrien A. R. , Jansen-Sturgeon Trent , Bland Philip A. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The detection of fireballs streaks in astronomical imagery can be carried out by a variety of methods. The Desert Fireball Network uses a network of cameras to track and triangulate incoming fireballs to recover meteorites with orbits and to build a fireball orbital dataset. Fireball detection is done on-board camera, but due to the design constraints imposed by remote deployment, the cameras are limited in processing power and time. We describe the processing software used for fireball detection under these constrained circumstances. Two different approaches were compared: (1) A single-layer neural network with 10 hidden units that were trained using manually selected fireballs and (2) a more traditional computational approach based on cascading steps of increasing complexity, whereby computationally simple filters are used to discard uninteresting portions of the images, allowing for more computationally expensive analysis of the remainder. Both approaches allowed a full night’s worth of data (over a thousand 36-megapixel images) to be processed each day using a low-power single-board computer. We distinguish between large (likely meteorite-dropping) fireballs and smaller fainter ones (typical ‘shooting stars’). Traditional processing and neural network algorithms both performed well on large fireballs within an approximately 30 000-image dataset, with a true positive detection rate of 96% and 100%, respectively, but the neural network was significantly more successful at smaller fireballs, with rates of 67% and 82%, respectively. However, this improved success came at a cost of significantly more false positives for the neural network results, and additionally the neural network does not produce precise fireball coordinates within an image (as it classifies). Simple consideration of the network geometry indicates that overall detection rate for triangulated large fireballs is calculated to be better than 99.7% and 99.9%, by ensuring that there are multiple double-station opportunities to detect any one fireball. As such, both algorithms are considered sufficient for meteor-dropping fireball event detection, with some consideration of the acceptable number of false positives compared to sensitivity.
Sugar intake among German adolescents: trends from 1990 to 2016 based on biomarker excretion in 24-h urine samples
Authors: Perrar Ines , Gray Nicola , Kuhnle Gunter G. , Remer Thomas , Buyken Anette E. , Alexy Ute 
Published: February 2020

AbstractTrend analyses based on dietary records suggest decreases in the intakes of total sugar (TS), added and free sugar since 2005 among children and adolescents in Germany. In terms of age trends, TS intake decreased with increasing age. However, self-reported sugar intake in epidemiological studies is criticised, as it may be prone to bias due to selective underreporting. Furthermore, adolescents are more susceptible to underreporting than children. We thus analysed time and age trends in urinary fructose excretion (FE), sucrose excretion (SE) and the sum of both (FE + SE) as biomarkers for sugar intake among 8·5–16·5-year-old adolescents. Urinary sugar excretion was measured by UPLC-MS/MS in 997 24-h urine samples collected from 239 boys and 253 girls participating in the Dortmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed (DONALD) study cohort between 1990 and 2016. Time and age trends of log-transformed FE, SE and FE + SE were analysed using polynomial mixed-effects regression models. Between 1990 and 2016, FE as well as FE + SE decreased (linear time trend: P = 0·0272 and P < 0·0001, respectively). A minor increase in excretion during adolescence was confined to FE (linear age trend: P = 0·0017). The present 24-h excretion measurements support a previously reported dietary record-based decline in sugar intake since 2005. However, the previously seen dietary record-based decrease in TS from childhood to late adolescence was not confirmed by our biomarker analysis, suggesting a constant sugar intake for the period of adolescence.
Maternal nutritional status mediates the linkage between household food insecurity and mid-infancy size in rural Bangladesh
Authors: Na Muzi , Shamim Abu Ahmed , Mehra Sucheta , Labrique Alain , Ali Hasmot , Wu Lee S.-F. , Shaikh Saijuddin , Klemm Rolf , Christian Parul , West Keith P. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractHousehold food insecurity (HFI) is a major concern in South Asia. The pathways by which HFI may reduce child growth remain inadequately understood. In a cohort study of 12 693 maternal–infant dyads in rural Bangladesh, we examined association and likely explanatory pathways linking HFI, assessed using a validated nine-item perception-based index, to infant size at 6 months. Mothers were assessed early in pregnancy for anthropometric status, dietary diversity and socio-economic status. Infants were assessed for weight, length, and arm, chest and head circumferences and breast and complementary feeding status at birth and 6 months of age. Extent of HFI shared a negative, dose–response association with all measures of infant size at 6 months and odds of wasting and stunting; 57–89 % of variances in the unadjusted models were explained by prenatal factors (maternal nutritional status and dietary diversity), and birth size adjusted for gestational age. Postnatal infant breast and complementary feeding and morbidity exposures explained the remaining fraction of the significant association between HFI and differences in infant arm and chest circumferences and odds of underweight. Contextual (i.e. socio-economic) factors finally brought remaining non-significant fractions of the food insecurity-related mid-infancy growth deficit to practically zero. Improving food security prior to pregnancy and during gestation would likely improve infant growth the most in rural Bangladesh.
Sodium content of bread from bakeries in Maputo, Mozambique: trends between 2012 and 2018
Authors: Jessen Neusa , Padrão Patrícia , Pinho Olívia , Novela Célia , Moreira Pedro , Damasceno Albertino , Lunet Nuno 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjective:To assess the Na content and price of bread available in bakeries in the city of Maputo in 2018 and describe trends since 2012.Design:Cross-sectional evaluation of bread sold in twenty bakeries in the city of Maputo. Three loaves of white and three loaves of brown bread were collected from each bakery when available, and Na contents were quantified by flame photometry. To assess trends, samples of white bread collected in 2012 and analysed using the same methodology were compared with samples of white bread collected in 2018 from the same bakeries.Setting:City of Maputo, capital of Mozambique.Results:In 2018, the mean (range) Na content in mg/100 g of white and brown breads were 419·1 (325·4–538·8) and 389·8 (248·0–609·0), respectively. Non-compliance with Na targets in bread according to the South African regulation (<380 mg/100 g) was observed in 70 % of white and 43 % of brown bread samples. A total of twelve bakeries had samples evaluated in both 2012 and 2018; among these, the mean Na content in white bread decreased by just over 10 % – the mean difference (95 % CI) was 46·6 mg/100 g (1·7, 91·5); and there was a significant increase of 3·7–5·4 meticais in the mean price per 100 g of white bread.Conclusions:The Na content of bread available in bakeries in the city of Maputo decreased in recent years despite the absence of a specific regulation in Mozambique.
Auto- and hetero-stereotypes in radiography students: perspectives and comparisons
Authors: Flinton D. M. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIntroduction:How groups view themselves and each other is very important in order to promote effective work practices. These views can be tribal in nature and lead to stereotyping which may affect how we communicate and act with other groups. This study primarily aims to identify how student radiographers view their own and other radiographic profession.Method:A survey was undertaken using the Student Stereotypes Rating Questionnaire with all radiographic training sites in England. The questionnaire was given to radiography students training as either diagnostic radiographers or therapeutic radiographers. It asked students to rate four professions: doctors, diagnostic radiographers, therapeutic radiographers and nurses on nine characteristics.Results:The online survey was open between February and July 2019 and elicited 233 responses. Overall, the radiography students’ perceptions of their own profession and the other non-radiography professions were generally positive; however, each radiographic profession’s view on the other radiographic professions was less favourable, the scores being significantly lower than for other professions. The professions each identified unique attributes (interpersonal skills, being a team player and independent working) that separated the professions from each other. Differences and similarities in stereotypes appeared not to change with time, although gender differences for certain attributes did exist.Conclusion:Students appear to have preconceived positive stereotype of their own profession and a more negative stereotype of the other radiography profession that appears relatively stable during their training period and was unaffected by interprofessional education.
Liquid biomarkers for the management of paediatric neuroblastoma: an approach to personalised and targeted cancer therapy
Authors: Osei Ernest , Al-Ani Nidaa , Al-Asady Aladdin , Dang Susan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackground:Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumour of infancy and accounts for about 6–10% of paediatric cancers. It has a biologically and clinically heterogeneous behaviour that ranges from spontaneous regression to cases of highly aggressive metastatic disease that could be unresponsive to standard therapy. In recent years, there have been several investigations into the development of various diagnostic, predictive and prognostic biomarkers towards personalised and targeted management of the disease.Materials and Methods:This paper reports on the review of current clinical and emerging biomarkers used in risk assessment, screening for early detection and diagnosis, prognostication and monitoring of the response of treatment of neuroblastoma in paediatric patients.Conclusions:Tumour markers can significantly improve diagnosis; however, the invasive, unpleasant and inconvenient nature of current tissue biopsies limits their applications, especially in paediatric patients. Therefore, the development of a non-invasive, reliable high accurate and personalised diagnostic tool capable of early detection and rapid response is the most promising step towards advanced cancer management from tumour diagnosis, therapy to patient monitoring and represents an important step towards the promise of precision, personalised and targeted medicine. Liquid biopsy assay with wide ranges of clinical applications is emerging to hold incredible potential for advancing cancer treatment and has greater promise for diagnostic purposes, identification and tracking of tumour-specific alterations during the course of the disease and to guide therapeutic decisions.