bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Methods for Cleaning and Managing a Nurse-Led Registry
Authors: Venkatachalam Aardhra M. , Perera Anjali , Stutzman Sonja E. , Olson DaiWai M. , Aiyagari Venkatesh , Atem Folefac D. 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Clinical registries provide insight on the quality of patient care by providing data to identify associations and patterns in diagnosis, disease, and treatment. This has led to a push toward using large data sets in healthcare research. Nurse researchers are developing data registries, but most are unaware of how to manage a data registry. This article examines a neuroscience nursing registry to describe a quality control and data management process. DATA QUALITY PROCESS: Our registry contains more than 90 000 rows of data from almost 5000 patients at 4 US hospitals. Data management is a continuous process that consists of 5 phases: screening, data organization, diagnostic, treatment, and missing data. These phases are repeated with each registry update. DISCUSSION: The interdisciplinary approach to data management resulted in high-quality data, which was confirmed by missing data analysis. Most technical errors could be systematically diagnosed and resolved using basic statistical outputs, and fixed in the source file. CONCLUSION: The methods described provide a structured way for nurses and their collaborators to clean and manage registries.
Pure Bladder Malignant Rhabdoid Tumor Successfully Treated With Partial Cystectomy, Radiation, and Chemotherapy: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Assadi Akram , Alzubaidi Ahmad , Lesmana Harry , Brennan Rachel C. , Saad Ali , Ortiz-Hernández Vanessa , Gleason Joseph M. 
Published: October 2020

Background:
Extracranial pure malignant rhabdoid tumors (MRT) are aggressive tumors that carry a poor prognosis. Bladder MRTs are very rare and only 8 cases have been reported previously.

Observation:
We present a case of a child with bladder MRT. Despite the aggressive nature of the bladder tumor, it was successfully treated with bladder-sparing surgery, adjuvant radiotherapy, and chemotherapy.

Conclusions:
Our case, and review of 8 previously reported cases, suggests that bladder MRT seems to behave less aggressively when compared with other extracranial MRTs, and bladder preserving surgery should be considered when feasible.
Massive Brainstem and Cerebellum Infarction Due to Traumatic Extracranial Vertebral Artery Dissection in a Motor Traffic Accident
Authors: Wang Tao , Zhang Jianhua , Zou Donghua , Chen Yijiu 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Traumatic unilateral vertebral artery (VA) injury can cause focal thrombosis and may block the basilar artery which can further lead to ischemic stroke and massive cerebral infarction and subarachnoid hemorrhage and even rapid death. Here, we present an autopsy case with a traumatic extracranial VA dissection in a motor traffic accident, and the identification of cause of death underwent 2 autopsies. A 62-year-old male pedestrian collided with the right rearview mirror of a car and fell down to the ground. He complained pains in the head and neck. Head computed tomography (CT) showed a right linear temporal bone fracture and a small left temporal subdural hematoma. Neck CT and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination showed left transverse process fracture of the sixth cervical vertebra (C6) and left extracranial VA injury. After 6 days of hospitalization, the left temporal subdural hematoma had been nearly absorbed, and the man was discharged home. On day 15 after the traffic accident, the man suffered sudden unconsciousness accompanied by frequent vomiting at home. The man was taken to hospital, and there were no obvious abnormal findings by head CT examination. However, the man soon fell into a coma state and died 2 days later. The first autopsy was performed 7 days after death and confirmed a left transverse process fracture of C6 and that the deceased died of cerebral infarction and secondary subarachnoid hemorrhage caused by blunt force in the motor traffic accident. In the civil lawsuit, the traffic accident wrecker put forward the objection whether the deceased had fatal diseases. The second autopsy (84 days after the death) findings verified the left extracranial VA injury. Histopathological examination further showed intimal dissection and thrombus formation of the left extracranial VA and secondary basal arterial thromboembolism. Massive infarction of the brainstem and cerebellum was disclosed. Therefore, the deceased died of delayed massive brainstem and cerebellum infarction because of left extracranial VA dissection in the motor traffic accident.
Differences Between Central and Peripheral Postmortem Tryptase Levels
Authors: Garland Jack , Ondruschka Benjamin , Da Broi Ugo , Palmiere Cristian , Glenn Charley , Morrow Paul , Kesha Kilak , Stables Simon , Tse Rexson 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Postmortem tryptase is a commonly used biochemical test to aid in the diagnosis of fatal anaphylaxis, which is currently recommended to be sampled from peripheral (femoral) veins because of a research showing comparatively elevated levels from central blood sources. Previous studies have used nonstandardized or nondocumented sampling methods; however, more recent research demonstrates that tryptase levels may vary depending on the sampling method. This study used the recommended sampling method of aspirating the femoral vein after clamping and compared in a pairwise comparison with aspiration of central venous and arterial blood sources (inferior vena cava and aorta) in 2 groups of 25 nonanaphylactic deaths. We found no statistically significant differences in postmortem tryptase between central and femoral vein blood; however, sporadic outliers in central blood (particularly aortic blood reaching levels above documented cutoffs for fatal anaphylaxis) were observed. Our findings provide evidence for the existing recommendations that femoral vein blood remains the preferred sample for postmortem tryptase over central blood.
Prevalence of Reintubation Within 24 Hours of Extubation in Bronchiolitis: Retrospective Cohort Study Using the Virtual Pediatric Systems Database*
Authors: Badruddin Salar S. , Clayton Jason A. , McKee Bryan P. , Slain Katherine N. , Rotta Alexandre T. , Malay Sindhoosha , Shein Steven L. 
Published: October 2020

OBJECTIVES:
High-flow nasal cannula and noninvasive positive pressure ventilation are used to support children following liberation from invasive mechanical ventilation. Evidence comparing extubation failure rates between patients randomized to high-flow nasal cannula and noninvasive positive pressure ventilation is available for adult and neonatal patients; however, similar pediatric trials are lacking. In this study, we employed a quality controlled, multicenter PICU database to test the hypothesis that high-flow nasal cannula is associated with higher prevalence of reintubation within 24 hours among patients with bronchiolitis.

DESIGN:
Secondary analysis of a prior study utilizing the Virtual Pediatric Systems database.

SETTING:
One-hundred twenty-four participating PICUs.

PATIENTS:
Children less than 24 months old with a primary diagnosis of bronchiolitis who were admitted to one of 124 PICUs between January 2009 and September 2015 and received invasive mechanical ventilation.

INTERVENTIONS:
None.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:
Among 759 patients, median age was 2.4 months (1.3–5.4 mo), 41.2% were female, 39.7% had greater than or equal to 1 comorbid condition, and 43.7% were Caucasian. Median PICU length of stay was 8.7 days (interquartile range, 5.8–13.7 d) and survival to PICU discharge was 100%. Median duration of intubation was 5.5 days (3.4–9.0 d) prior to initial extubation. High-flow nasal cannula was used following extubation in most (656 [86.5%]) analyzed subjects. The overall prevalence of reintubation within 24 hours was 5.9% (45 children). Extubation to noninvasive positive pressure ventilation was associated with greater prevalence of reintubation than extubation to high-flow nasal cannula (11.7% vs 5.0%; p = 0.016) and, in an a posteriori model that included Pediatric Index of Mortality 2 score and comorbidities, was associated with increased odds of reintubation (odds ratio, 2.43; 1.11–5.34; p = 0.027).

CONCLUSIONS:
In this secondary analysis of a multicenter database of children with bronchiolitis, extubation to high-flow nasal cannula was associated with a lower prevalence of reintubation within 24 hours compared with noninvasive positive pressure ventilation in both unmatched and propensity-matched analysis. Prospective trials are needed to determine if post-extubation support modality can mitigate the risk of extubation failure.
Primary Intestinal Lymphangiectasia
Authors: Pascal Pierre , Malloizel Julie , Lairez Olivier , de Volontat Marie Danjoux , Bournet Barbara 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Primary intestinal lymphangiectasia is an unusual cause of protein losing enteropathy due to either congenital malformation or obstruction of lymphatics of intestine. The disease can affect all or only a small part of the small intestine. Peripheral lymphedema may be associated. The diagnosis is based on endoscopic and histopathological findings. A 30-year-old woman presents lower extremity edema with hypoproteinemia, hypoalbuminemia, and hypogammaglobulinemia. 99mTc-labeled human serum albumin nanocolloid lymphoscintigraphy of the lower extremity demonstrated a dermal backflow in the right extremity consistent with lymphedema and an unusual ileal uptake on SPECT/CT. Diagnosis is confirmed on histopathological evaluation of biopsy of ileum.
Peripheral Photopenia on Whole-Body PET/CT Imaging With 18F-FDG in Patients With Compartment Syndrome and Mesenteric Venous Thrombosis
Authors: te Beek Erik T. , Tangkau Peter L. , van Esser Stijn , Brouwer Rolf E. , ten Broek Marc R. J. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
We present 2 cases that demonstrate photopenia in peripheral areas on whole-body PET/CT imaging with 18F-FDG as a sign of absent perfusion with severe short-term complications. The scan of the first patient shows photopenia in the right ankle and foot, resulting from compartment syndrome, caused by hemolytic group A streptococcus bacteremia with endocarditis and septic emboli, necessitating lower leg amputation. The scan of the second patient shows photopenia in the transverse colon, resulting from mesenteric venous thrombosis caused by polycythemia vera, leading to necrosis and perforation of the transverse colon, necessitating transverse and right hemicolectomy.
68Ga–Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen Focal Pulmonary Activity With No Corresponding CT Abnormality
Authors: Sasikumar Arun , Thampan Sam , Thomas Nivya , Paul Retcy 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
We describe a case of 68Ga–prostate-specific membrane antigen PET/CT scan with focal tracer concentration in the lung without any abnormalities in the CT part. 18F-FDG focal uptake in lungs without corresponding CT lesions is described. Two possible mechanisms proposed to explain this finding in FDG PET/CT scans are iatrogenic pulmonary microembolism and 18F-FDG–avid infection or inflammation that precedes structural findings. Logically, these proposed mechanisms seem to be applicable to 68Ga–prostate-specific membrane antigen as well. In our case, there were no features of any lung infection/inflammation, and the most plausible explanation would be iatrogenic microembolism.
Is 68Ga–Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen PET/CT Superior than 18F-FDG PET/CT for Evaluation of Metastatic Osteosarcoma?
Authors: Can Canan , Gündoğan Cihan , Kömek Halil 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
We present the case of a 75-year-old man with osteosarcoma of the sternum in whom 68Ga-prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) PET/CT showed high radiotracer activity in the primary tumor and metastatic lesions than 18F-FDG PET/CT. The present case shows that 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT is very useful for staging of osteosarcoma due to in vivo expression of PSMA. 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT can have potential effects on prognosis and in response assessment following treatment in osteosarcoma. The use of PSMA-targeted radioligand treatments may be beneficial especially in metastatic chemorefractory osteosarcoma.
Facial Nerve Canal Paraganglioma
Authors: Arsovic Emina , Montava Marion , Lavieille Jean-Pierre , Pacak Karel , Varoquaux Arthur , Taïeb David 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
We report the case of a 72-year-old woman presenting with a progressive left peripheral facial paralysis and a facial canal mass extending through the stylomastoid foramen along the posterior edge of the parotid gland. On MRI, the early and intense enhancement was highly suggestive of paraganglioma but could not rule out a nonossifying hemangioma. Laboratory analysis showed normal plasma metanephrines. On 18F-FDOPA PET/CT, the mass exhibited a typical paraganglioma feature with a marked tumor uptake. Our case demonstrates that 18F-FDOPA plays a vital role in this rare entity and can avoid any further confirmatory invasive procedure.
Humongous Seminal Vesicles on 68Ga-DOTATOC PET/CT
Authors: Hendriks Romee A. , Hoogendoorn Stefan P. , van Gemert Willemijn A.M. , Kaal Suzanne E.J. , Arens Anne I.J. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
A 24-year-old man presented with decreased appetite, fatigue, abdominal pain, and acute renal insufficiency. Ultrasound showed bilateral hydronephrosis. CT of the abdomen revealed enlarged seminal vesicles causing bilateral hydronephrosis, mesenteric and peritoneal metastases, liver lesions, and enlarged lymph nodes in the retroperitoneum. A biopsy from a peritoneal lesion demonstrated metastasis of a neuroendocrine tumor grade 2. A 68Ga-DOTATOC PET/CT scan was performed, which showed enhanced uptake in all lesions including the enlarged seminal vesicles. This case illustrates the very rare presentation of involved seminal vesicles in neuroendocrine tumors.
17β-Estradiol Treatment Protects Lungs Against Brain Death Effects in Female Rat Donor
Authors: Ricardo-da-Silva Fernanda Yamamoto , Armstrong Roberto , Vidal-dos-Santos Marina , Correia Cristiano de Jesus , Coutinho e Silva Raphael dos Santos , da Anunciação Lucas Ferreira , Moreira Luiz Felipe Pinho , Leuvenink Hendrik Gerrit Derk , Breithaupt-Faloppa Ana Cristina 
Published: October 2020

Background.
Brain death (BD) affects the viability of lungs for transplantation. A correlation exists between high-lung inflammation after BD and the decrease in female sex hormones, especially estradiol. Therefore, we investigated the effects of 17β-estradiol (E2) treatment on the lungs of female brain dead rats.

Methods.
Female Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups: BD (submitted to BD for 6 h), sham (false operated), E2-T0 (treated with E2 immediately after BD; 50 μg/mL, 2 mL/h), and E2-T3 (treated with E2 after 3 h of BD; 50 μg/mL, 2 mL/h). Lung edema, hemorrhage, and leukocyte infiltration were analyzed. Adhesion molecules were evaluated, and analysis of NO synthase gene and protein expression was performed using real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Release of chemokines and matrix degradation in the lungs was analyzed.

Results.
BD increased leukocyte infiltration, as shown by intravital microscopy (P = 0.017), bronchoalveolar lavage cell count (P = 0.016), the release of inflammatory mediators (P = 0.02), and expression of adhesion molecules. BD also increased microvascular permeability and the expression and activity of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in the lungs. E2 treatment reduced leukocyte infiltration, especially in the E2-T3 group, release of inflammatory mediators, adhesion molecules, and matrix metalloproteinase activity in the lungs.

Conclusions.
E2 treatment was successful in controlling the lung inflammatory response in females submitted to BD. Our results suggest that E2 directly decreases the release of chemokines, restraining cell traffic into the lungs. Thus, E2 has a therapeutic potential, and its role in improving donor lung quality should be explored further.
Variable optical properties of light-harvesting complex II revisited
Authors: Iwai Masakazu , Chen Jie-Jie , Park Soomin , Yoneda Yusuke , Schmid Eva M. , Fletcher Daniel A. , Fleming Graham R. , Niyogi Krishna K. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractUnderstanding photosynthetic light harvesting requires knowledge of the molecular mechanisms that dissipate excess energy in thylakoids. However, it remains unclear how the physical environment of light-harvesting complex II (LHCII) influences the process of chlorophyll de-excitation. Here, we demonstrate that protein-protein interactions between LHCIIs affect the optical properties of LHCII and thus influence the total energy budget. Aggregation of LHCII in the dark altered its absorption properties, independent of the amount of prior light exposure. We also revisited the triplet excited state involved in light-induced fluorescence quenching and found another relaxation pathway involving emission in the green region, which might be related to triplet excited energy transfer to neighboring carotenoids and annihilation processes that result in photoluminescence. LHCII- containing liposomes with different protein densities exhibited altered fluorescence and scattering properties. Our results suggest that macromolecular reorganization affects overall optical properties, which need to be addressed to compare the level of energy dissipation.
Selection on ancestral genetic variation fuels parallel ecotype formation in bottlenose dolphins
Authors: Louis M. , Galimberti M. , Archer F. , Berrow S. , Brownlow A. , Fallon R. , Nykänen M. , O’Brien J. , Roberston K. M. , Rosel P. E. , Simon-Bouhet B. , Wegmann D. , Fontaine M.C. , Foote A.D. , Gaggiotti O.E. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWhat are the mechanisms that allow species to extend their ranges and adapt to the novel environmental conditions they find in the newly available habitat? The study of parallel adaptation of pairs of populations to similar environments can provide great insights into this question. Here, we test for parallel evolution driven by niche specialization in a highly social marine mammal, the common bottlenose dolphin,Tursiops truncatus, and investigate the origins of the genetic variation driving local adaptation. Coastal ecotypes of common bottlenose dolphins have recurrently emerged in multiple regions of the world from pelagic ecotype populations, when novel habitat became available. Analyzing the whole genomes of 57 individuals using comparative population genomics approaches, we found that coastal ecotype evolution was relatively independent between the Atlantic and Pacific, but related between different regions within the Atlantic. We show that parallel adaptation to coastal habitat was facilitated by repeated selection on ancient alleles present as standing genetic variation in the pelagic populations. Genes under parallel adaptation to coastal habitats have roles in cognitive abilities and feeding. Therefore, parallel adaptation in long-lived social species may be driven by a combination of ecological opportunities, selection acting on ancient variants, and stable behavioural transmission of ecological specialisations. Tried and tested genetic variation that has been subject to repeated bouts of selection, may promote linked adaptive variants with minimal pleiotropic effects, thereby facilitating their persistence at low frequency in source populations and enabling parallel evolution.
Generalization in data-driven models of primary visual cortex
Authors: Lurz Konstantin-Klemens , Bashiri Mohammad , Willeke Konstantin , Jagadish Akshay K. , Wang Eric , Walker Edgar Y. , Cadena Santiago A. , Muhammad Taliah , Cobos Erick , Tolias Andreas S. , Ecker Alexander S. , Sinz Fabian H. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractDeep neural networks (DNN) have set new standards at predicting responses of neural populations to visual input. Most such DNNs consist of a convolutional network (core) shared across all neurons which learns a representation of neural computation in visual cortex and a neuron-specific readout that linearly combines the relevant features in this representation. The goal of this paper is to test whether such a representation is indeed generally characteristic for visual cortex, i.e. gener-alizes between animals of a species, and what factors contribute to obtaining such a generalizing core. To push all non-linear computations into the core where the generalizing cortical features should be learned, we devise a novel readout that reduces the number of parameters per neuron in the readout by up to two orders of magnitude compared to the previous state-of-the-art. It does so by taking advantage of retinotopy and learns a Gaussian distribution over the neuron’s receptive field po-sition. With this new readout we train our network on neural responses from mouse primary visual cortex (V1) and obtain a gain in performance of 7% compared to the previous state-of-the-art network. We then investigate whether the convolutional core indeed capturesgeneralcortical features by using the core in transfer learning to a different animal. When transferring a core trained on thousands of neurons from various animals and scans we exceed the performance of training directly on that animal by 12%, and outperform a commonly used VGG16 core pre-trained on imagenet by 33%. In addition, transfer learning with our data-driven core is more data-efficient than direct training, achieving the same performance with only 40% of the data. Our model with its novel readout thus sets a new state-of-the-art for neural response prediction in mouse visual cortex from natural images, generalizes between animals, and captures better characteristic cortical features than current task-driven pre-training approaches such as VGG16.
Steric Interactions at Gln154 in ZEITLUPE Induce Reorganization of the LOV Domain Dimer Interface
Authors: Pudasaini Ashutosh , Green Robert , Song Young Hun , Blumenfeld Abby , Karki Nischal , Imaizumi Takato , Zoltowski Brian D. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPlants measure light, quality, intensity, and duration to coordinate growth and development with daily and seasonal changes in environmental conditions, however, the molecular details linking photochemistry to signal transduction remain incomplete. Two closely related Light, Oxygen, or Voltage (LOV) domain containing photoreceptor proteins ZEITLUPE (ZTL) and FLAVIN-BINDING, KELCH REPEAT, F-BOX 1 (FKF1) divergently regulate the protein stability of circadian clock and photoperiodic flowering components to mediate daily and seasonal development. Using structural approaches, we identified that mutations at the Gly46 position led to global rearrangements of the ZTL dimer interface. Specifically, introduction of G46S and G46A variants that mimic equivalent residues found in FKF1 induce a 180° rotation about the dimer interface that is coupled to ordering of N- and C-terminal signaling elements. These conformational changes hinge upon rotation of a C-terminal Gln residue analogous to that present in light-state structures of ZTL. The results presented herein, confirm a divergent signaling mechanism within ZTL that deviates from other members of the LOV superfamily and suggests that mechanisms of signal transduction in LOV proteins may be fluid across the LOV protein family.