bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influência da piscicultura de pequena escala em canais de igarapés sobre as categorias tróficas da ictiofauna Amazônica
Authors: Santos Suelen Miranda dos , Zuanon Jansen Alfredo Sampaio , Mendonça Fernando Pereira de , Oliveira Adriano Teixeira de , Aride Paulo Henrique Rocha , Pantoja-Lima Jackson 
Published: October 2020

Os impactos ambientais provocados pela piscicultura podem levar a alterações nos ecossistemas aquáticos e principalmente nas comunidades de peixes. Neste artigo buscamos investigar as possíveis alterações provocadas a partir da construção de viveiros em leitos de igarapés amazônicos sobre as cadeias tróficas das comunidades de peixes naturais da Amazônia Central. Os locais de estudos foram nos municípios de Novo Airão e Presidente Figueiredo (Amazonas). Foram realizadas amostragens de captura de peixes (sem piscicultura) nos igarapés com piscicultura e sem piscicultura, segundo a metodologia estabelecida e em pararelo realizamos análises limnológicas. As espécies foram classificadas em categorias tróficas. Realizamos análises comparativas entre riqueza, abundância e biomassa total por igarapé e por local amostrado e posteriormente, realizamos análises de componentes principais (PCA) nas categorias tróficas, a fim de verificar modificações na estrutura das categorias tróficas entre os pontos estudados. Foram coletados 2302 peixes. Os resultados relativos aos parâmetros limnológicos foram similares aos descritos para ambientes aquáticos amazônicos. As categorias tróficas para os locais apresentaram similaridade ao descrito na literatura, com preferência alimentar pelos insetos alóctones. Não foi possível afirmar que mudanças nas categorias tróficas poderiam estar ocorrendo em função da atividade de criação de peixes em canais de igarapés.
Avaliação do desempenho zootécnico de linhagens melhoradas de tambaqui Colossoma macropomum (Cuvier, 1818) na Amazônia central
Authors: Leal Viviann Greicy Batista , Freitas Ronãn Alves de , Hipy Antonia da Silva , Almeida Fernanda Ferreira Loureiro , Oliveira Adriano Teixeira de , Aride Paulo Henrique Rocha , Pantoja-Lima Jackson 
Published: October 2020

Tambaqui Colossoma macropomum (Cuvier, 1818) é a principal espécie nativa criada no país, representando quase 40% da produção de pescado do país. Programas de melhoramento genético para essa espécie estão em curso, em especial na região Amazônica. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o desempenho zootécnico de três linhagens melhoradas e 01 linhagem selvagem de tambaqui no tempo de 122 dias, para visando obter peixes 500g, conhecido localmente como “tambaqui curumim”. Foram utilizados 160 juvenis, com 60 dias de vida, sendo 40 peixes por linhagem, estando todos identificados com microchips e estocados em único viveiro escavado de 600m2, sob as mesmas condições de criação, com densidade de 0,26 peixes.m-2. Os peixes foram alimentados com ração comercial e realizadas biometrias mensais ao longo de quatro meses. As variáveis da qualidade da água mantiveram-se dentro dos níveis aceitáveis para o cultivo da espécie, exceto o oxigênio dissolvido que se ficou em média abaixo de 5mg/L-1, durante os períodos matutinos. As linhagens melhoradas apresentaram diferença significativa no ganho de peso e taxa de crescimento específico. Somente uma das linhagens (C) diferiu no ganho de peso em relação aos peixes selvagens. Essa mesma linhagem apresentou a maior taxa de crescimento específico. A relação comprimento da cabeça/comprimento padrão (CCAB/CP) diferiu entre as linhagens, sendo menor na linhagem A e selvagem. Os dados mostram que todas as linhagens atingiram peso médio aproximado de 900g em 122 dias, o que é superior aos estudos de criação de tambaqui curumim no mesmo período de 500 a 700g. Em relação aos índices de desempenho zootécnico e morfometria do tambaqui, podemos afirmar que o programa de melhoramento de tambaqui ainda necessita de maiores estudos para desenvolver linhagens que obtenham maior ganho de peso em relação aos parentais selvagens, no mesmo período de criação.
Role of Rehabilitation in Promoting Engagement in Daily Life in Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Peeters Niels , Løyning Inger Grethe , Ferdinand Sofie , Kos Daphne 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The purpose of this narrative review is to define the theoretical constructs of engagement, participation, and balance. The implementation of these constructs in multiple sclerosis (MS) rehabilitation are described because MS symptoms such as fatigue and cognitive decline may affect engagement in daily life. The constructs of engagement and participation can be considered to be different when they are studied. The constructs related to balance are of interest when targeting engagement. Multidisciplinary rehabilitation programs may have beneficial effects in optimizing engagement. Therefore, the measurement of these constructs is primordial because they give us a deeper understanding of the meaning of activity performance that reflects engagement in daily life. Future research may focus on describing engagement in both men and women at all stages of MS and may explore variables that influence engagement in daily life to integrate engagement optimization in MS rehabilitation. Engagement may have beneficial effects as part of multidisciplinary rehabilitation in MS.
Avaliação Tecnológica de Kit para Monitoramento Automático de Amostras Biológicas em Incubadoras
Authors: De Araújo Lívia Pereira , Dornas Victor Seabra , Ghesti Grace Ferreira 
Published: October 2020

<p> </p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">O presente artigo se propõe a realizar uma avaliação tecnológica de um kit para monitoramento automático de amostras biológicas em incubadoras, equipado com um sistema de controle para iluminação, aquisição, armazenamento e transmissão de imagens. Situa-se no campo dos equipamentos laboratoriais para monitoramento de amostras biológicas para análises realizadas nas áreas médica, biológica, veterinária e farmacológica. Trata-se de um pedido de patente denominado “Kit para monitoramento automático de amostras biológicas em incubadoras, com controle de iluminação, aquisição, armazenamento e transmissão de imagens” depositado junto ao Instituto Nacional da Propriedade Industrial (INPI) em 26 de outubro de 2015 de titularidade da Fundação Universidade de Brasília (FUB) e da empresa Eletrospitalar comércio e assistência técnica, possuindo o número BR 1020150271000.</p><p></p>
Equipamentos de Proteção Individual Impressos em 3D por Instituições de Ensino Federais para o Enfrentamento da COVID-19
Authors: Ferreira dos Santos Amanda , Souza Ramos Iulas , Silva dos Santos Ana Clara , Faccin Borges Grasiely , De Oliveira e Silva Ita , De Medeiros Guimarães Jane Mary 
Published: October 2020

<p class="western" align="justify"> </p><p>A pandemia causada pelo coronavírus (SARS-CoV-2), associada à escassez dos Equipamentos de Proteção Individuais (EPIs), apresenta-se como uma ameaça à saúde global. O objetivo do estudo foi identificar a produção de EPIs impressos em 3D nas Instituições de Ensino Federais para o enfrentamento da COVID-19. A fonte de pesquisa foi o banco de dados do Portal do Ministério da Educação de Monitoramento nas Instituições de Ensino. Até o momento, 89 instituições estavam produzindo três modelos diferentes de EPIs em 3D. Os modelos encontrados foram os Protetores Faciais tipo <em>“Face Shield”</em>,<em> </em>as máscaras similares ao modelo N-95 e a máscara com uma cúpula em formato semicilíndrico. As Instituições de Ensino Federais estão colocando a tecnologia e a ciência à disposição da sociedade brasileira no combate à COVID-19, buscando responder à crise global com a impressão 3D, de forma segura, com inovação, baixo custo e com rápida produção.</p><p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br /></span></p>
Direct Ink Writing of Polymer Composite Electrolytes with Enhanced Thermal Conductivities
Authors: Cheng Meng , Ramasubramanian Ajaykrishna , Rasul Md Golam , Jiang Yizhou , Yuan Yifei , Foroozan Tara , Deivanayagam Ramasubramonian , Tamadoni Saray Mahmoud , Rojaee Ramin , Song Boao , Yurkiv Vitaliy Robert , Pan Yayue , Mashayek Farzad , Shahbazian‐Yassar Reza 
Published: October 2020

AbstractProper distribution of thermally conductive nanomaterials in polymer batteries offers new opportunities to mitigate performance degradations associated with local hot spots and safety concerns in batteries. Herein, a direct ink writing (DIW) method is utilized to fabricate polyethylene oxide (PEO) composite polymers electrolytes (CPE) embedded with silane‐treated hexagonal boron nitride (S‐hBN) platelets and free of any volatile organic solvents. It is observed that the S‐hBN platelets are well aligned in the printed CPE during the DIW process. The in‐plane thermal conductivity of the printed CPE with the aligned S‐hBN platelets is 1.031 W −1 K−1, which is about 1.7 times that of the pristine CPE with the randomly dispersed S‐hBN platelets (0.612 W −1 K−1). Thermal imaging shows that the peak temperature (°C) of the printed electrolytes is 24.2% lower than that of the CPE without S‐hBN, and 10.6% lower than that of the CPE with the randomly dispersed S‐hBN, indicating a superior thermal transport property. Lithium‐ion half‐cells made with the printed CPE and LiFePO4 cathode displayed high specific discharge capacity of 146.0 mAh g−1 and stable Coulombic efficiency of 91% for 100 cycles at room temperature. This work facilitates the development of printable thermally‐conductive polymers for safer battery operations.
High Power Conversion Efficiency of 13.61% for 1 cm2 Flexible Polymer Solar Cells Based on Patternable and Mass‐Producible Gravure‐Printed Silver Nanowire Electrodes
Authors: Wang Zhenguo , Han Yunfei , Yan Lingpeng , Gong Chao , Kang Jiachen , Zhang Hao , Sun Xue , Zhang Lianping , Lin Jian , Luo Qun , Ma Chang‐Qi 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWith the aim of developing high‐performance flexible polymer solar cells, the preparation of flexible transparent electrodes (FTEs) via a high‐throughput gravure printing process is reported. By varying the blend ratio of the mixture solvent and the concentration of the silver nanowire (AgNW) inks, the surface tension, volatilization rate, and viscosity of the AgNW ink can be tuned to meet the requirements of gravure printing process. Following this method, uniformly printed AgNW films are prepared. Highly conductive FTEs with a sheet resistance of 10.8 Ω sq−1 and a high transparency of 95.4% (excluded substrate) are achieved, which are comparable to those of indium tin oxide electrode. In comparison with the spin‐coating process, the gravure printing process exhibits advantages of the ease of large‐area fabrication and improved uniformity, which are attributed to better ink droplet distribution over the substrate. 0.04 cm2 polymer solar cells based on gravure‐printed AgNW electrodes with PM6:Y6 as the photoactive layer show the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 15.28% with an average PCE of 14.75 ± 0.35%. Owing to the good uniformity of the gravure‐printed AgNW electrode, the highest PCE of 13.61% is achieved for 1 cm2 polymer solar cells based on the gravure‐printed FTEs.
Empty‐State Band Mapping Using Momentum‐Resolved Secondary Electron Emission
Authors: Wan Gary , Croot Alex , Fox Neil A. , Cattelan Mattia 
Published: October 2020

AbstractMaterial band structures of occupied electronic states are obtainable using conventional angle‐resolved photoemission experiments, leaving the unoccupied states far less explored. Here, an alternative approach is built on and expanded to investigate thermalized photoelectrons emitted from crystal surfaces. A model for electron emission is constructed and reveals the material unoccupied state band structure. Potentially applicable to any material and independent from the secondary electron generation mechanism, it is demonstrated on diamond and copper using different light sources. Moreover, the diamond indirect band gap is directly observed and the transverse effective mass at the conduction band minimum can be experimentally obtained, mt = (0.21 ± 0.015) me. This offers a convenient path for angle‐resolved photoemission data interpretation and empty‐state information extraction.
Recent Advances in Nanomaterial‐Assisted Combinational Sonodynamic Cancer Therapy
Authors: Liang Shuang , Deng Xiaoran , Ma Ping'an , Cheng Ziyong , Lin Jun 
Published: October 2020

AbstractUltrasound (US)‐triggered sonodynamic therapy (SDT), as a promising noninvasive therapeutic modality, has received ever‐increasing attention in recent years. Its specialized chemical agents, named sonosensitizers, are activated by low‐intensity US to produce lethal reactive oxygen species (ROS) for oncotherapy. Compared with phototherapeutic strategies, SDT provides many noteworthy opportunities and benefits, such as deeper penetration depth, absence of phototoxicity, and fewer side effects. Nevertheless, previous studies have also demonstrated its intrinsic limitations. Thanks to the facile engineering nature of nanotechnology, numerous novel nanoplatforms are being applied in this emerging field to tackle these intrinsic barriers and achieve continuous innovations. In particular, the combination of SDT with other treatment strategies has demonstrated a superior efficacy in improving anticancer activity relative to that of monotherapies alone. Therefore, it is necessary to summarize the nanomaterial‐assisted combinational sonodynamic cancer therapy applications. Herein, the design principles in achieving synergistic therapeutic effects based on nanomaterial engineering methods are highlighted. The ultimate goals are to stimulate the design of better‐quality combined sonodynamic treatment schemes and provide innovative ideas for the perspectives of SDT in promoting its future transformation to clinical application.
Integration of Electrospray and Digital Light Processing for Freeform Patterning of Porous Microstructures
Authors: Xue Yue , Qi Lin , Niu Ye , Huang Hanyang , Huang Fangsheng , Si Ting , Zhao Yi , Xu Ronald X. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAn electrospray photolithographic patterning (EPP) process that integrates advantages of electrospray (ES) and digital light processing (DLP) for maskless fabrication of 3D porous microstructures is proposed here. First, monodisperse microparticles with controllable particle size produced by ES are deposited on a substrate to form a photoresist layer. Second, DLP exposure of the photoresist layer selectively irradiates the microparticles to form a desired pattern with complexity. Third, the repetitive steps of deposition and exposure enable layer‐by‐layer construction of a green part with embedded 3D patterns of irradiation. Finally, the irradiated microparticles are removed from the green part to form 3D particulate microstructures. With this process, freeform patterning of multiple micro‐electro‐mechanical system elements with controlled porosity, involving microfluidic channels, stamps, and power‐free pressure sensors is successfully demonstrated. The EPP process has a great technical potential for freeform and high‐throughput fabrication of multi‐layered porous microstructures in versatile applications such as micromixers, porous stamping, and microsensors.
Iron‐Catalyzed and Air‐Mediated C(sp3)−H Phosphorylation of 1,3‐Dicarbonyl Compounds Involving C−C Bond Cleavage
Authors: Ou Yingcong , Huang Yuanting , Liu Yu , Huo Yanping , Gao Yang , Li Xianwei , Chen Qian 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA C(sp3)−H phosphorylation has been achieved via the iron‐catalyzed cross‐coupling reactions between 1,3‐dicarbonyl compounds and P(O)−H compounds involving C−C bond cleavages with air as the oxidant. This transformation provides a straightforward way to construct C(sp3)−P bonds, leading to the formation of β‐ketophosphine oxides in up to 93% yield with good functional group tolerance.magnified image
Fabrication of 3D Ordered Structures with Multiple Materials via Macroscopic Supramolecular Assembly
Authors: Zhang Qian , Sun Yingzhi , He Chengzhi , Shi Feng , Cheng Mengjiao 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIntegration of diverse materials into 3D ordered structures is urgently required for advanced manufacture owing to increase in demand for high‐performance products. Most additive manufacturing techniques mainly focus on simply combining different equipment, while interfacial binding of distinctive materials remains a fundamental problem. Increasing studies on macroscopic supramolecular assembly (MSA) have revealed efficient interfacial interactions based on multivalency of supramolecular interactions facilitated by a “flexible spacing coating.” To demonstrate facile fabrication of 3D heterogeneous ordered structures, the combination of MSA and magnetic field‐assisted alignment has been developed as a new methodology for in situ integration of a wide range of materials, including elastomer, resin, plastics, metal, and quartz glass, with modulus ranging from tens of MPa to over 70 GPa. Assembly of single material, coassembly of two to four distinctive materials, and 3D alignment of “bridge‐like” and “cross‐stacked” heterogeneous structures are demonstrated. This methodology has provided a new solution to mild and efficient assembly of multiple materials at the macroscopic scale, which holds promise for advanced fabrication in fields of tissue engineering, electronic devices, and actuators.
Natural Fish Trap‐Like Nanocage for Label‐Free Capture of Circulating Tumor Cells
Authors: Jiang Wenning , Han Lulu , Yang Liwei , Xu Ting , He Jiabei , Peng Ruilian , Liu Ziyu , Zhang Chong , Yu Xiaomin , Jia Lingyun 
Published: October 2020

AbstractNanomaterials have achieved several breakthroughs in the capture of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) over the past decades. However, artificial fabrication of label‐free nanomaterials used for high‐efficiency CTC capture is still a challenge. Through billions of years of evolution and natural selection, various complicated and precise hierarchical structures are developed. Here, a novel fish trap‐like “nanocage” structure derived from the natural Chrysanthemum pollen is reported and a nanocage‐featured film for the label‐free capture of CTCs and CTC clusters is constructed. The nanocage‐featured film effectively captures 92% rare cancer cells with a broad spectrum of cancer types, due to the synergistic effect of nanocage‐CTC filopodia matching, high contact area, and strong adhesion force between the cancer cells and the nanocage. Furthermore, the nanocage‐featured film successfully detects CTCs and CTC clusters in 2 or 4 mL blood taken from 21 cancer patients (stages I–IV) suffering from various types of cancers. This novel, abundant, and economical fish trap‐like “nanocage” may provide new perspectives for the application of natural nanomaterials in clinical CTC capture and analysis.
Simultaneously Enhancing Power Density and Durability of Sliding‐Mode Triboelectric Nanogenerator via Interface Liquid Lubrication
Authors: Zhou Linglin , Liu Di , Zhao Zhihao , Li Shaoxin , Liu Yuebo , Liu Lu , Gao Yikui , Wang Zhong Lin , Wang Jie 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe sliding‐mode triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) exhibits higher charge transfer efficiency for extracting mechanical energy than the contact–separation mode TENG, but the energy loss induced by air breakdown as well as the inferior durability seriously limits its practical applications. Here, an effective strategy via interface liquid lubrication is proposed for enhancing output performance of both sliding‐mode alternative current TENG (AC‐TENG) and direct current TENG (DC‐TENG). Due to the improved breakdown field strength requirement and reduced electrostatic field strength in the microgap between the triboelectric layer and electrode, interface liquid lubrication suppresses the interfacial electrostatic breakdown and reduces charge loss after the triboelectrification process, and thus more electrostatic charges are harvested by the AC‐TENG via electrostatic induction and the DC‐TENG via electrostatic breakdown. The maximum output power density of the lubricated sliding‐mode TENG is enhanced by more than 50% (3.45 W m−2 Hz−1) compared to the device without lubrication, and shows excellent durability over more than 500 000 operation cycles. This work provides an effective approach to improve the electric performance and durability of sliding‐mode AC‐TENG and DC‐TENG, which further promotes the practical applications of TENGs.
2021 clinical trials update: Innovations in hemophilia therapy
Authors: Croteau Stacy E. , Wang Michael , Wheeler Allison P. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractTherapies engineered to prolong clotting factor protein circulation time, manipulate the balance of pro‐coagulant and anti‐coagulant proteins, or introduce new genetic material to enable endogenous factor protein production dominate the clinical trial landscape of hemophilia. The availability of clotting factor concentrates and the establishment of primary prophylaxis have dramatically improved health outcomes for hemophilia patients. But, the burden of hemostatic therapy remains significant, and many barriers to consistent longitudinal use of prophylaxis exist. Several types of emerging therapeutics including engineered factor concentrates, substitutive therapies, rebalancing therapies, and gene transfer/editing all aim to reduce the challenges of current hemophilia treatment. Emerging treatment options may reduce treatment frequency or need for intravenous administration. They may also introduce new challenges in laboratory assessment of hemostasis. These novel therapies must not introduce significant new health risks and continue to support similar or improved outcomes. The potential ramifications of rebalancing the coagulation cascade, particularly in a stress or inflammatory state, or introduction of new genetic material are not trivial. The focus of this review is to provide an overview of active and recently completed clinical trials as well as emerging preclinical data investigating new therapeutic possibilities for hemophilia patients and potentially other rare bleeding disorders.
Workers' compensation claims among private skilled nursing facilities, Ohio, 2001–2012
Authors: Bush Ashley M. , Reichard Audrey A. , Wurzelbacher Steven J. , Tseng Chih‐Yu , Lampl Michael P. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIntroductionSkilled nursing facilities have one of the highest rates of occupational injury and illness among all industries. This study quantifies the burden of occupational injury and illness in this industry using data from a single state‐based workers' compensation (WC) system.MethodsOhio Bureau of Workers' Compensation claims from 2001 to 2012 were analyzed among privately owned, state‐insured skilled nursing facilities and are presented as claim counts and rates per 100 full‐time equivalents (FTE). Worker, employer, incident, and injury characteristics were examined among all claims and by medical‐only (medical care expenses and/or less than eight days away from work) and lost‐time (eight days or more away from work) claim types.ResultsThere were 56,442 claims in this population of Ohio skilled nursing facilities from 2001 to 2012. Overexertion and bodily reaction, slips, trips, and falls, and contact with objects and equipment accounted for the majority of all WC claims (89%). Overexertion and bodily reaction, and slips, trips, and falls comprised 85% of the 10,793 lost‐time claims. The highest injury event/exposure rates for all claims were for overexertion and bodily reaction (3.7 per 100 FTE for all claims), followed by slip, trips, and falls (2.1), and contact with objects and equipment (1.9).ConclusionUnderstanding the details surrounding injury events and exposures resulting in WC claims can help better align prevention efforts, such as incorporation of safe patient handling policies and lifting aids, improvement in housekeeping practices, and employee training within skilled nursing facilities to prevent worker injury and mitigate related expenses.