bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of 3,4‐Functionalized Benzothiazines through C−H Activation
Authors: Son Jeong‐Yu , Jeon Da‐Hye , Jang Haeun , Lee Phil Ho 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA method for the synthesis of a wide range of 1,2‐benzothiazines bearing pyridyl, amide, sulfonamide, alkenyl, as well as aryl groups in 3,4‐position has been developed using transition metal‐catalyzed C−H activation reactions of pyridylbenzothiazines with dioxazolones, tosyl azide, alkenes, alkynes, and diaryliodonium salts. The present reaction provides an efficient method for the synthesis of a variety of 3,4‐functionalized benzothiazines from readily available starting materials and benefits a broad substrate scope, high functional group tolerance, and good regioselectivity.
The performance of UK stock recommendation revisions: Does brokerage house reputation matter?
Authors: Su Chen , Zhang Hanxiong , Joseph Nathan Lael 
Published: October 2020

AbstractOur study examines the impact of brokerage house (BH) reputation on the performance of investment strategies following stock recommendation revisions in the UK stock market. We develop two alternative proxies for BH reputation based either on the past positions on the annual Institutional Investor (II) All‐Europe Research Team or on the past recommendation performance of BHs. We find that BH reputation proxied by the past II rankings has no significant impact on the recommendation performance, suggesting that the II rankings are largely “popularity contests”. However, BH reputation proxied by the past year recommendation performance of BHs has a significantly positive impact on the recommendation performance in the next year, implying that the recommendation performance of BHs in the UK market is persistent. The bootstrap simulations further confirm that the observed performance persistence could be due to BH skill rather than BH luck (i.e., random chance).
Azacitidine regulates DNA methylation of GADD45γ in myelodysplastic syndromes
Authors: Yang Yanli , Li Jun , Geng Yinghua , Liu Lin , Li Dianming 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundMyelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a heterogeneous clonal disease originated from hematopoietic stem cells. Epigenetic studies had demonstrated that DNA methylation and histone acetylation were abnormal in MDS. Azacitidine is an effective drug in the treatment of demethylation.MethodsRT‐PCR was performed to determine GADD45γ in 15 MDS clinical samples. Myelodysplastic syndrome cell lines SKM‐1 and HS‐5 were transfected with GADD45γ eukaryotic expression vector and/or GADD45γ shRNA interference plasmid, and treated with azacitidine. Proliferation and apoptosis were examined by CCK‐8 and Western blot analysis to confirm the function role of GADD45γ and azacitidine. The methylation level of GADD45γ gene was detected by bisulfite conversion and PCR.ResultsThis study found that GADD45γ gene was down‐expressed in MDS patients' bone marrow and MDS cell lines, and the down‐regulation of GADD45γ in MDS could inhibit MDS cell apoptosis and promote proliferation. Azacitidine, a demethylation drug, could restore the expression of GADD45γ in MDS cells and inhibit the proliferation of MDS cells by inducing apoptosis, which was related to prognosis and transformation.ConclusionThis study indicated that GADD45γ was expected to become a new target of MDS‐targeted therapy. The findings of this study provided a new direction for the research and development of new MDS clinical drugs, and gave a new idea for the development of MDS demethylation drug to realize precise treatment.
Psychological, educational, and alternative interventions for reducing fear of childbirth in pregnant women: A systematic review
Authors: Aguilera‐Martín Ángel , Gálvez‐Lara Mario , Blanco‐Ruiz Marisol , García‐Torres Francisco 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectiveThis review aims to identify non‐medical interventions that may reduce the fear of childbirth, directly or indirectly (through its factors).MethodsThis review followed the PRISMA guidance and a rigorous protocol that was registered in PROSPERO. Searches were done in ProQuest, the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, and Google Scholar. All RCTs published in the last 5 years, in English or Spanish, regarding women with a low‐risk pregnancy and without mental disorders were included.ResultsFrom 5147 articles found, only 69 were full‐text assessed. Finally, 18 studies were included suggesting that prenatal education, psychoeducation, and counseling might be effective, whereas cognitive‐behavioral therapy and some alternative therapies require more research. The results of relaxation techniques were contradictory. Results also suggest that social support and exposure (through education) might have an important role in the efficacy of interventions.ConclusionsMore appropriately randomized and blinded trials are necessary that use a prespecified definition of fear of childbirth and comprehensive measurement tools specific for pregnant women.
IL‐8/CXCR2 mediates tropism of human bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells toward CD133+/CD44+ Colon cancer stem cells
Authors: Ma Xiaoying , Chen Jingyun , Liu Jiajun , Xu Baixue , Liang Xinyu , Yang Xiaotong , Feng Yun , Liang Xin , Liu Jianwen 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn cancer treatment, the most attractive feature of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is it's homing to tumor tissues. MSC is an important part of the “colon cancer stem cell niche”, but little research has been done on the tropism of human MSCs toward colon cancer stem cells (CCSCs). In this study, we first compared the effects of three tissue‐derived MSCs (bone marrow, adipose tissue, and placenta) in vivo on colon tumor xenograft growth. Then, we analyzed the tropism of bone marrow‐derived MSCs (BMSCs) toward normal intestinal epithelial cells (NCM460), parental colon cancer cells, CD133−/CD44−, and CD133+/CD44+ colon cancer cells in vitro. Microarray analysis and in vitro experiments explored the mechanism of mediating the homing of BMSCs toward CCSCs. Compared with the parental and CD133−/CD44− colon cancer cells, CD133+/CD44+ cells have a stronger ability to recruit BMSCs. In addition, BMSCs were significantly transformed into cancer‐associated fibroblasts after being recruited by CCSCs. After coculture of BMSCs and CCSCs, the expression of interleukin (IL)‐6, IL‐8, IL‐32, and CCL20 was significantly increased. Compared with parental strains, CD133−/CD44− cells, and NCM460, BMSC secreted significantly more IL‐8 after coculture with CD133+/CD44+ cells. Low concentration of IL‐8 peptide inhibitors (100 ng/ml) and CXC receptor 2 (CXCR2) inhibitors have little effect on the migration of BMSCs, but can effectively weaken CCSC stemness and promote dormant CSCs in the coculture system to re‐enter into the cell cycle. The endogenous IL‐8 knockout in BMSCs or BMSCs loaded with IL‐8 and/or CXCR2 inhibitors will make the therapy of BMSC targeting CCSCs function at its best.
Mechanisms of COVID‐19‐induced cardiovascular disease: Is sepsis or exosome the missing link?
Authors: Patil Mallikarjun , Singh Sarojini , Henderson John , Krishnamurthy Prasanna 
Published: October 2020

AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), has reached a pandemic level, spreading across the globe by affecting over 33 million people and causing over 1,009,270 deaths. SARS‐CoV‐2 is highly infectious with a high basic reproduction number (R0) of 2.2–5.7 that has led to its exponential spread. Besides, very little is known about it in terms of immunogenicity and its molecular targets. SARS‐CoV‐2 causes acute respiratory distress syndrome, followed by multiple organ failure and death in a small percentage of individuals. Cardiac injury has emerged as another dreaded outcome of COVID‐19 complications. However, a thorough understanding of the pathogenesis of SARS‐CoV‐2 is lacking. In this review, we discuss the virus, possible mechanisms of COVID‐19‐induced cardiac injury, and potential therapeutic strategies, and we explore if exosomes could be targeted to treat symptoms of COVID‐19. Furthermore, we discussed the virus‐induced sepsis, which may be the cause of multiple organ failure, including myocardial injury.
Association of vaspin rs2236242 gene variants and circulating serum vaspin concentrations with coronary artery disease in a Turkish population
Authors: Akcılar Raziye , Yümün Gündüz , Bayat Zeynep , Donbaloğlu Okan , Gür Özcan , Gürkan Selami , Arık Özlem 
Published: October 2020

AbstractCoronary artery disease (CAD) is the primary cause of death worldwide. Vaspin was a recently described adipokine, playing a protective role in many metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to assess the relation of serum vaspin levels and vaspin rs2236242 polymorphisms with CAD. The study included 105 healthy subjects and 105 CAD patients. Serum vaspin concentrations and vaspin rs2236242 polymorphisms were determined by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and polymerase chain reaction, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference between the genotypes of CAD patients (TT 26.7%, TA 71.4%, and AA 1.9%) and controls (TT 70.5%, TA 28.6%, and AA 1%; χ2 = 40.3; df = 2; p = .000). The TA genotype increased the risk of CAD (odds ratio [OR] = 6.60; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 3.60–12.1; p = .000) as compared to the TT genotype. There was a statistically significant difference between the allelic distribution of CAD patients (T 62.4% and A 37.6%) and controls (T 84.8% and A 15.2%; χ2 = 27.0; df = 1; p = .000). Those carrying the A allele had a higher risk of CAD compared to those with the T allele (OR = 3.35; 95% CI = 2.10–5.36; p = .000). The serum vaspin concentrations of the patients with TT, TA, and AA genotypes were 30.4 ± 1.72, 28.4 ± 2.89, and 36.4 ± 6.38 pg/ml, respectively, and there was no significant difference between the serum vaspin levels and vaspin genotypes (p = .696). All of the above suggested that the vaspin rs2236242 polymorphism was associated with CAD in the Turkish population.
β‐Catenin signaling is important for osteogenesis and hematopoiesis recovery following methotrexate chemotherapy in rats
Authors: Fan Jian , Su Yu‐Wen , Hassanshahi Mohammadhossein , Fan Chia‐Ming , Peymanfar Yaser , Piergentili Alessandro , Del Bello Fabio , Quaglia Wilma , Xian Cory J. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractCancer chemotherapy can significantly impair the bone formation and cause myelosuppression; however, their recovery potentials and mechanisms remain unclear. This study investigated the roles of the β‐catenin signaling pathway in bone and bone marrow recovery potentials in rats treated with antimetabolite methotrexate (MTX) (five once‐daily injections, 0.75 mg/kg) with/without β‐catenin inhibitor indocyanine green (ICG)‐001 (oral, 200 mg/kg/day). ICG alone reduced trabecular bone volume and bone marrow cellularity. In MTX‐treated rats, ICG suppressed bone volume recovery on Day 11 after the first MTX injection. ICG exacerbated MTX‐induced decreases on Day 9 osteoblast numbers on bone surfaces, their formation in vitro from bone marrow stromal cells (osteogenic differentiation/mineralization), as well as expression of osteogenesis‐related markers Runx2, Osx, and OCN in bone, and it suppressed their subsequent recoveries on Day 11. On the other hand, ICG did not affect MTX‐induced increased osteoclast density and the level of the osteoclastogenic signal (RANKL/OPG expression ratio) in bone, suggesting that ICG inhibition of β‐catenin does nothing to abate the increased bone resorption induced by MTX. ICG also attenuated bone marrow cellularity recovery on Day 11, which was associated with the suppressed recovery of CD34+ or c‐Kit+ hematopoietic progenitor cell contents. Thus, β‐catenin signaling is important for osteogenesis and hematopoiesis recoveries following MTX chemotherapy.
Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 channel deletion regulates pathological but not developmental retinal angiogenesis
Authors: Cappelli Holly C. , Guarino Brianna D. , Kanugula Anantha K. , Adapala Ravi K. , Perera Vidushani , Smith Matthew A. , Paruchuri Sailaja , Thodeti Charles K. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractTransient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) channels are mechanosensitive ion channels that regulate systemic endothelial cell (EC) functions such as vasodilation, permeability, and angiogenesis. TRPV4 is expressed in retinal ganglion cells, Müller glia, pigment epithelium, microvascular ECs, and modulates cell volume regulation, calcium homeostasis, and survival. TRPV4‐mediated physiological or pathological retinal angiogenesis remains poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that TRPV4 is expressed, functional, and mechanosensitive in retinal ECs. The genetic deletion of TRPV4 did not affect postnatal developmental angiogenesis but increased pathological neovascularization in response to oxygen‐induced retinopathy (OIR). Retinal vessels from TRPV4 knockout mice subjected to OIR exhibited neovascular tufts that projected into the vitreous humor and displayed reduced pericyte coverage compared with wild‐type mice. These results suggest that TRPV4 is a regulator of retinal angiogenesis, its deletion augments pathological retinal angiogenesis, and that TRPV4 could be a novel target for the development of therapies against neovascular ocular diseases.
Structural evaluation of polymeric microbial films grown on kefir loaded with Maytenus rigida extract
Authors: da Silva Mário R. P. , Matos Robert S. , Estevam Charles S. , Santos Samuel B. , da Silva Felipe M. A. , de Sousa Igor G. P. P. , da Fonseca Filho Henrique D. , Almeida Luís E. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractKefir is a probiotic that has several health promising properties. Its grains can form microbial films on different types of substrates. In the present work, the surface characteristics of kefir biofilms associated with Maytenus rigida Mart. extract were minutely studied. Three different concentrations of plant extract were included in the biofilm forming solutions, where fresh grains of kefir were inoculated. The results showed that the plant extract was successfully incorporated into the exopolysaccharide matrix of the biofilm. The main chemical components found linked to the plant extract were triterpenes. The crystallinity of biofilms increased with the addition of the plant extract. The morphology revealed that at low concentrations of the extract there was a prevalence of lactobacilli, while at high concentrations yeasts were more observed. Adhesion and wettability were higher for biofilm with less extract. These results revealed that a combination of plant extract and kefir's exopolysaccharide could form biofilms with chemical and topographic properties of great interest in regenerative medicine.
A simplified approach using deep neural network for fast and accurate shape from focus
Authors: Mutahira Husna , Muhammad Mannan Saeed , Li Mikhail , Shin Dong‐Ryeol 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThree‐dimensional shape recovery is an important issue in the field of computer vision. Shape from Focus (SFF) is one of the passive techniques that uses focus information to estimate the three‐dimensional shape of an object in the scene. Images are taken at multiple positions along the optical axis of the imaging device and are stored in a stack. In order to reconstruct the three dimensional shape of the object, the best‐focused positions are acquired by maximizing the focus curves obtained via application of a focus measure operator. In this article, Deep Neural Network (DNN) is employed to extract the more accurate depth of each object point in the image stack. The size of each image in the stack is first reduced and then provided to the proposed DNN network to aggregate the shape. The initial shape is refined by applying a median filter, and later the reconstructed shape is sized back to original by utilizing bi‐linear interpolation. The results are compared with commonly used focus measure operators by employing root mean squared error (RMSE), correlation, and image quality index (Q). Compared to other methods, the proposed SFF method using DNN shows higher precision and low computational time consumption.
The influence of perceived host country political risk on foreign subunits' supplier development strategies
Authors: Charpin Remi , Powell E. Erin , Roth Aleda V. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractRecent protectionist trends (e.g., trade wars, Brexit) have challenged the stability of the global supply chains (SCs) of multinational corporations. While the SC and operations management (SC/OM) literature has examined how such sources of political risk influence strategic SC/OM decisions at the global level, we know little about how host country political risk influences the SC/OM practices of foreign subunits at the local level. We conducted an exploratory, multiple‐case study of western subunits operating in China to investigate whether managers of foreign subunits in a host country perceive political risk; and if so, how they adapt their SC/OM strategic choices to reduce its impact on their subunits. Our empirical findings suggest that variations in political risk perceptions create different political legitimacy goals that subunits attempt to meet by adapting their supplier development strategies. We induct a process model and identify three archetypes of supplier development strategy—self‐centered, collaborative, and voluntary—adopted by subunits to shape their legitimacy and mitigate political risk. We contribute to the SC/OM literature by theorizing SC/OM managers' perceived political risk, showing how foreign subunits may use supplier development to influence how the host government views them, and by complementing traditional “corporate” legitimacy‐seeking strategies with new “SC/OM” legitimacy‐seeking strategies.
Impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic during Spain's state of emergency on the diagnosis of colorectal cancer
Authors: Suárez Javier , Mata Elena , Guerra Ana , Jiménez Gloria , Montes Marta , Arias Fernando , Ciga Miguel A. , Ursúa Eugenia , Ederra María , Arín Beñat , Laiglesia Matilde , Sanz Asunción , Vera Ruth 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIntroductionWe evaluate the impact of COVID‐epidemic in colorectal cancer (CRC) diagnosis during Spain's state of emergency.MethodsWe compared newly diagnosed patients with patients diagnosed in the same period of 2019.ResultsA new diagnosis of CRC decreased 48% with a higher rate of patients diagnosed in the emergency setting (12.1% vs. 3.6%; p = .048) and a lower rate diagnosed in the screening program (5.2% vs. 33.3%; p = .000).ConclusionsFewer patients have been diagnosed with CRC, with a higher rate of patients diagnosed in an emergency setting.
A Longitudinal Study of Suicidal Ideation in Sexually Abused Adolescent Girls: Depressive Symptoms and Affect Dysregulation as Predictors
Authors: Girard Marianne , Hébert Martine , Godbout Natacha , Cyr Mireille , Frappier Jean‐Yves 
Published: October 2020

AbstractChild sexual abuse (CSA) is associated with many repercussions on adolescents’ mental health, including suicidal ideation. Yet, the mechanisms linking CSA to adverse outcomes have rarely been investigated within a longitudinal design. The current study aimed to examine the role of affect dysregulation in the association between depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation 1year after the first assessment in a sample of 119 sexually abused adolescent girls. An integrative mediational model was conceptualized to examine the explicatory role of affect dysregulation (Time 2) in the association between depressive symptoms (Time 1) and suicidal ideation (Time 3). Approximately 31% of the girls reported suicidal ideation at Time 3. Path analysis with logistic regressions revealed that the association between depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation presence was partly explained by affect dysregulation, which increased the risk of suicidal ideation presence by 18.4%, OR = 1.18, 95% CI [1.07, 1.33]. The integrative model explained 21.5% of the variance in suicidal ideation. These findings identify potential predictors of suicidal ideation among sexually abused adolescent girls. This present study highlights the role of affect dysregulation in the presence of suicidal ideation and provides potential targets for intervention practices when working with adolescent girl victims of CSA. As such, interventions for this vulnerable population should aim to decrease depressive symptoms and affect dysregulation to reduce suicidal risk.
Dissipation of wave energy by a hybrid artificial reef in a wave simulator: implications for coastal resilience and shoreline protection
Authors: Ghiasian Mohammad , Carrick Jane , Rhode‐Barbarigos Landolf , Haus Brian , Baker Andrew C. , Lirman Diego 
Published: October 2020

AbstractCoastal cities are susceptible to the impacts of waves, flooding, storm surge, and sea‐level rise. In response to these threats, coastal jurisdictions have invested in engineered shoreline defenses such as breakwaters and sea walls that are costly to implement and maintain. Thus, there is an increasing recognition that nature‐based defenses provided by healthy ecosystems like coral reefs can be an effective and cost‐efficient alternative to mitigate the impacts of climatic hazards while simultaneously restoring ecosystem services. Unfortunately, coral reefs have experienced degradation worldwide, lowering their potential for wave‐energy dissipation. As coastal vulnerability increases with the loss of natural barriers, it is imperative to design and test novel resilience solutions. Our study quantifies the benefits of hybrid artificial reefs for wave mitigation in a wave‐tank simulator using periodic waves of three heights (0.10, 0.16, and 0.24 m) at two water levels (0.55 and 0.65 m) defined considering the Froude similarity with a prototype reef structure in South Florida. Experiments showed that an artificial trapezoidal reef model reduces wave height (> 35%) and wave energy (up to 63%) under realistic wave conditions. Moreover, adding coral skeletons of Acropora cervicornis to simulate reef restoration onto the model mitigates up to an additional 10% of wave height and 14% of wave energy through increased friction, supporting the use of hybrid approaches that integrate both gray and green infrastructure to enhance coastal resilience. Exploring wave‐tank simulations provides a better understanding of wave effects before implementing larger and more costly projects in the field.