bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal changes and determinants of parental willingness to pay for the prevention of childhood overweight and obesity
Authors: Lauer Romy , Traub Meike , Hansen Sylvia , Kilian Reinhold , Steinacker Jürgen Michael , Kesztyüs Dorothea 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Willingness to Pay (WTP) is an alternative to measure quality-adjusted life years for cost-effectiveness analyses. The aim was to evaluate longitudinal changes and determinants of parental WTP for the prevention of childhood overweight and obesity.

Methods
Longitudinal data from post- (T2) and follow-up (T3) measurements of a school-based health promotion program in Germany. Parental questionnaires included general WTP and the corresponding amount to reduce incidental childhood overweight and obesity by half. Longitudinal differences were examined with the McNemar test for general WTP and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test for the amount of WTP. Regression analyses were conducted to detect determinants.

Results
General parental WTP significantly decreased from 48.9% to 35.8% (p < 0.001, n = 760). Logistic regression analysis (n = 561) showed that parents with a tertiary education level and a positive general WTP at T2, families with a higher monthly household income, and those with abdominally obese children were significant predictors of general WTP at T3. Median amount of WTP at T3 was €20.00 (mean = €27.96 ± 26.90, n = 274). Assuming a WTP of €0 for those who were generally not willing to pay or did not answer, resulted in a median amount of WTP at T3 of €0 (m = €8.45, sd = €19.58, n = 906). According to linear regression analysis WTP at T2 was the only significant predictor for the amount of WTP at T3 (p = 0.000, n = 181).

Conclusions
Despite the decline of general WTP, these results are a reflection of the public awareness of the problem and the need for action. Policy makers should recognize this and initiate sustainable public preventive strategies.

Trial registration
DRKS, DRKS00000494. Registered 25 August 2010, https://www.drks.de/drks_web/.
ATP measurement as an objective method to measure environmental contamination in 9 hospitals in the Dutch/Belgian border area
Authors:   on behalf of the i-4-1-Health Study Group, van Arkel Andreas , Willemsen Ina , Kilsdonk-Bode Linda , Vlamings-Wagenaars Sindy , van Oudheusden Anne , Waegemaeker Pascal De , Leroux-Roels Isabel , Verelst Martine , Maas Evelien , van Oosten Anita , Willemse Patricia , van Asselen Esther , Klomp-Berens Ella , Franssen Karen , Van Cauwenberg Elise , Kluytmans Jan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
The objective of this study was to determine the level of environmental contamination in hospitals in the Dutch/Belgian border area, using ATP measurements.

Design
A cross-sectional observational survey.

Methods
Standardized ATP measurements were conducted in 9 hospitals on 32 hospital wards. Thirty pre-defined surfaces per hospital ward were measured with the 3 M Clean Trace NG luminometer. Results are displayed in relative light units (RLU). RLU > 1000 was considered as “not clean.” Differences in RLU values were compared between countries, hospitals, fomite groups and medical specialties.

Results
A total of 960 ATP measurements were performed, ranging from 60 up to 120 per hospital. The median RLU-value was 568 (range: 3–277,586) and 37.7% of the measurements were rated as not clean (RLU > 1000). There were significant differences between countries, hospitals and fomite groups.

Conclusion
ATP measurements can be used as a more objective approach to determine the level of environmental contamination in hospitals. Significant differences in ATP levels were found between hospitals and between countries. Also, substantial differences were found between different fomite groups. These findings offer potential targets for improvement of cleanliness in healthcare facilities.
Alterations of gut microbiome accelerate multiple myeloma progression by increasing the relative abundances of nitrogen-recycling bacteria
Authors: Jian Xingxing , Zhu Yinghong , Ouyang Jian , Wang Yihui , Lei Qian , Xia Jiliang , Guan Yongjun , Zhang Jingyu , Guo Jiaojiao , He Yanjuan , Wang Jinuo , Li Jian , Lin Jingchao , Su Mingming , Li Guancheng , Wu Minghua , Qiu Lugui , Xiang Juanjuan , Xie Lu , Jia Wei , Zhou Wen 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundGut microbiome alterations are closely related to human health and linked to a variety of diseases. Although great efforts have been made to understand the risk factors for multiple myeloma (MM), little is known about the role of the gut microbiome and alterations of its metabolic functions in the development of MM.ResultsHere, in a cohort of newly diagnosed patients with MM and healthy controls (HCs), significant differences in metagenomic composition were discovered, for the first time, with higher bacterial diversity in MM. Specifically, nitrogen-recycling bacteria such asKlebsiellaandStreptococcuswere significantly enriched in MM. Also, the bacteria enriched in MM were significantly correlated with the host metabolome, suggesting strong metabolic interactions between microbes and the host. In addition, the MM-enriched bacteria likely result from the regulation of urea nitrogen accumulated during MM progression. Furthermore, by performing fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) into 5TGM1 mice, we proposed a mechanistic explanation for the interaction between MM-enriched bacteria and MM progression via recycling urea nitrogen. Further experiments validated thatKlebsiella pneumoniaepromoted MM progression via de novo synthesis of glutamine in mice and that the mice fed with glutamine-deficient diet exhibited slower MM progression.ConclusionsOverall, our findings unveil a novel function of the altered gut microbiome in accelerating the malignant progression of MM and open new avenues for novel treatment strategies via manipulation of the intestinal microbiota of MM patients.
Rare metastatic pancreatic tumors from lung cancer with cystic changes resembling intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm: a case report
Authors: Watanabe Akira , Harimoto Norifumi , Yamanaka Takahiro , Ishii Norihiro , Tsukagoshi Mariko , Igarashi Takamichi , Kubo Norio , Araki Kenichiro , Suzuki Aya , Hara Kenichiro , Shirabe Ken 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Metastatic pancreatic tumors from lung cancer (MPTLC) constitute 3% of all metastatic pancreatic tumors. We present an extremely rare case of cystic MPTLC that was difficult to distinguish from intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN).

Case presentation
The patient was a 74-year-old woman who underwent lobectomy of lung cancer 2 years before presentation to our hospital. She was referred to our department for resection of cystic pancreatic tumors, which were diagnosed as IPMN with high-risk stigmata. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) showed a 37-mm-wide cystic tumor with a contrasted solid nodule in the pancreatic head and a 17-mm-wide cystic tumor in the pancreatic tail. We performed a total pancreatectomy for these lesions. According to histopathological and immunohistochemical findings, the tumors were diagnosed as metastatic pancreatic tumors from lung cancer.

Conclusion
In this case, the cystic morphology was formed by eosinophilic secretions from tumor cells, and it was difficult to distinguish from IPMN with high-risk stigmata. We consider this case, based on the variable clinical findings, an extremely rare variant of MPTLC.
Tourniquet-induced nerve compression injuries are caused by high pressure levels and gradients – a review of the evidence to guide safe surgical, pre-hospital and blood flow restriction usage
Authors: Masri Bassam A. , Eisen Andrew , Duncan Clive P. , McEwen James A. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractTourniquets in orthopaedic surgery safely provide blood free surgical fields, but their use is not without risk. Tourniquets can result in temporary or permanent injury to underlying nerves, muscles, blood vessels and soft tissues. Advances in safety, accuracy and reliability of surgical tourniquet systems have reduced nerve-related injuries by reducing pressure levels and pressure gradients, but that may have resulted in reduced awareness of potential injury mechanisms. Short-term use of pre-hospital tourniquets is effective in preventing life-threatening blood loss, but a better understanding of the differences between tourniquets designed for pre-hospital vs surgical use will provide a framework around which to develop guidelines for admitting to hospital individuals with pre-applied tourniquets. Recent evidence supports the application of tourniquets for blood flow restriction (BFR) therapy to reduce muscular atrophy, increase muscle strength, and stimulate bone growth. BFR therapy when appropriately prescribed can augment a surgeon’s treatment plan, improving patient outcomes and reducing recovery time. Key risks, hazards, and mechanisms of injury for surgical, BFR therapy, and pre-hospital tourniquet use are identified, and a description is given of how advances in personalized tourniquet systems have reduced tourniquet-related injuries in these broader settings, increasing patient safety and how these advances are improving treatment outcomes.
Magnetic resonance susceptibility weighted in evaluation of cerebrovascular diseases
Authors: Sultan Amr Yehia Abd Elmotelb , ElShafey Khalid Ismael , Hassanien Omar Ahmed , Dawoud Rasha Mahmoud 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Cerebrovascular diseases are considered a very hard burden as they may lead to poor outcome, and they are considered the second most common cause of morbidity and mortality after coronary artery disease. They include wide variety of diseases that affect vascularity of brain tissue with the most common one is stroke—either ischemic or hemorrhagic. The aim of the current study was to assess the role of susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) in imaging of different cerebrovascular diseases and what would be added by SWI to different routine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences.

Results
Fifty-five patients enrolled in this study, 14 patients had lesions with calcifications, 13 patients had cavernoma, 10 patients had diffuse axonal injury, 11 patients with infarction, 2 patients with AVM, 2 patients with chronic microbleed, 2 patients with hemorrhage, and 1 patient with hemorrhagic tumor, and the result showed that SWI has sensitivity 100%, specificity 60%, and accuracy 91.9% in regard to diagnosis of cavernoma while sensitivity 91.7%, specificity 50%, and accuracy 85.7% in regard to diagnosis of calcification and regarding diagnosis of diffuse axonal injury; SWI has 98.3% sensitivity, 100% specificity, and 98.4% accuracy; finally, in regard to diagnosis of hemorrhagic lesions, SWI has 96.1% sensitivity, 66.7% specificity, and 93.1% accuracy.

Conclusion
SWI is very sensitive in the diagnosis and detection of actual number of vascular malformation like cavernomas than conventional MRI. SWI adds significant diagnostic value to routine MRI sequences in regard to calcification that was nearly limited in its diagnosis by CT. Diagnosis of microbleeds becomes easier and accurate with SWI. Diffuse axonal injury was and still considered a clinical diagnosis, but SWI becomes the gold standard in its imaging diagnosis confirming the clinical one.
Enhanced Golic+: highly effective CRISPR gene targeting and transgene HACKing in Drosophila
Authors: Chen Hui-Min , Yao Xiaohao , Ren Qingzhong , Chang Chuan-Chie , Liu Ling-Yu , Miyares Rosa Linda , Lee Tzumin 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT
Gene targeting is an incredibly valuable technique. Sometimes, however, it can also be extremely challenging for various intrinsic reasons (e.g. low target accessibility or nature/extent of gene modification). To bypass these barriers, we designed a transgene-based system in Drosophila that increases the number of independent gene targeting events while at the same time enriching for correctly targeted progeny. Unfortunately, with particularly challenging gene targeting experiments, our original design yielded numerous false positives. Here, we deliver a much-improved technique, named Enhanced Golic+ (E-Golic+). E-Golic+ incorporates genetic modifications to tighten lethality-based selection while simultaneously boosting efficiency. With E-Golic+, we easily achieve previously unattainable gene targeting. Additionally, we built an E-Golic+-based, high-efficiency genetic pipeline for transgene swapping. We demonstrate its utility by transforming GAL4 enhancer-trap lines into tissue-specific Cas9-expressing lines. Given the superior efficiency, specificity and scalability, E-Golic+ promises to expedite development of additional sophisticated genetic/genomic tools in Drosophila.
Investigating cell cycle-dependent gene expression in the context of nuclear architecture at single-allele resolution
Authors: Dhuppar Shivnarayan , Mazumder Aprotim 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT
Nuclear architecture is the organization of the genome within a cell nucleus with respect to different nuclear landmarks such as the nuclear lamina, nuclear matrix or nucleoli. Recently, nuclear architecture has emerged as a major regulator of gene expression in mammalian cells. However, studies connecting nuclear architecture with gene expression are largely population-averaged and do not report on the heterogeneity in genome organization or gene expression within a population. In this report we present a method for combining 3D DNA fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with single-molecule RNA FISH (smFISH) and immunofluorescence to study nuclear architecture-dependent gene regulation on a cell-by-cell basis. We further combine our method with imaging-based cell cycle staging to correlate nuclear architecture with gene expression across the cell cycle. We present this in the context of the cyclin-A2 (CCNA2) gene, which has known cell cycle-dependent expression. We show that, across the cell cycle, the expression of a CCNA2 gene copy is stochastic and depends neither on its sub-nuclear position – which usually lies close to nuclear lamina – nor on the expression from other copies of the gene.
This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Patient Age and Survival After Surgery for Esophageal Cancer
Authors: Lagergren Jesper , Bottai Matteo , Santoni Giola 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Esophagectomy for esophageal cancer is associated with a substantial risk of life-threatening complications and a limited long-term survival. This study aimed to clarify the controversial questions of how age influences short-term and long-term survival.

Methods
This population-based cohort study included almost all patients who underwent curatively intended esophagectomy for esophageal cancer in Sweden in 1987–2010, with follow-up through 2016. The exposure was age, analyzed both as a continuous and categorical variable. The probability of mortality was computed using a novel flexible parametric model approach. The reported probabilities are proper measures of the risk of dying, and the related odds ratios (OR) are therefore more suitable measures of association than hazard ratios. The outcomes were 90-day all-cause mortality, 5-year all-cause mortality, and 5-year disease-specific mortality. A novel flexible parametric model was used to derive the instantaneous probability of dying and the related OR along with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusted for sex, education, comorbidity, tumor histology, pathological tumor stage, and resection margin status.

Results
Among 1737 included patients, the median age was 65.6 years. When analyzed as a continuous variable, older age was associated with slightly higher odds of 90-day all-cause mortality (OR 1.05, 95% CI 1.02–1.07), 5-year all-cause mortality (OR 1.02, 95% CI 1.01–1.03), and 5-year disease-specific mortality (OR 1.01, 95% CI 1.01–1.02). Compared with patients aged < 70 years, those aged 70–74 years had no increased risk of any mortality outcome, while patients aged ≥ 75 years had higher odds of 90-day mortality (OR 2.85, 95% CI 1.68–4.84), 5-year all-cause mortality (OR 1.56, 95% CI 1.27–1.92), and 5-year disease-specific mortality (OR 1.38, 95% CI 1.09–1.76).

Conclusions
Patient age 75 years or older at esophagectomy for esophageal cancer appears to be an independent risk factor for higher short-term mortality and lower long-term survival.
A comparison of manually populated radiology information system digital radiographic data with electronic dose management systems
Authors: Dickinson Nathan , Dunn Matthew 
Published: May 2020

Objective:
To assess the accuracy and agreement of radiology information system (RIS) kerma–area product (KAP) data with respect to automatically populated dose management system (DMS) data for digital radiography (DR).

Methods:
All adult radiographic examinations over 12 months were exported from the RIS and DMS at three centres. Examinations were matched by unique identifier fields, and grouped by examination type. Each centre’s RIS sample completeness was calculated, as was the percentage of the RIS examination KAP values within 5% of their DMS counterparts (used as an accuracy metric). For each centre, the percentage agreement between the RIS and DMS examination median KAP values was computed using a Bland–Altman analysis. At two centres, up to 42.5% of the RIS KAP units entries were blank or invalid; corrections were attempted to improve data quality in these cases.

Results:
Statistically significant intersite variation was seen in RIS data accuracy and the agreement between the uncorrected RIS and DMS median KAP data, with a Bland–Altman bias of up to 11.1% (with a −31.7% to 53.9% 95% confidence interval) at one centre. Attempts to correct invalid KAP units increased accuracy but produced worse agreement at one centre, a slight improvement at another and no significant change in the third.

Conclusion:
The RIS data poorly represented the DMS data.

Advances in knowledge:
RIS KAP data are a poor surrogate for DMS data in DR. RIS data should only be used in patient dose surveys with an understanding of its limitations and potential inaccuracies.
BioXmark® liquid fiducial markers for image-guided radiotherapy in muscle invasive bladder cancer: a safety and performance trial
Authors: de Ridder Mischa , Gerbrandy Lara C , de Reijke Theo M , Hinnen Karel A , Hulshof Maarten C.C.M. 
Published: May 2020

Objective:
This study evaluated the performance of the novel liquid fiducial marker (BioXmark®) in IGRT for bladder cancer.

Methods:
20 patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer were entered in this prospective, single center, Phase I-II study. The novel BioXmark® liquid markers were injected around the tumor using a flexible cystoscopy. Visibility and stability of the markers were evaluated on planning-CT and CBCT. Prospectively defined threshold for success was set at a visibility of 75%.

Results:
In total, 76 markers were implanted in 20 patients. Of those, 60 (79% 95% CI ± 9%) were visible on CT scan. Due to the learning curve of the technique, the visibility improved in the last 75% of patients (86% visibility) compared to the first 25% of patients with 58% visibility. Concerning stability of the BioXmark® marker, all visible markers after CT acquisition were still detectable at the last CBCT without displacement. In 15/20 (75%) of the patients, three or more markers were visible on CT. No BioXmark® related adverse events were reported.

Conclusion:
The success rate of this novel fiducial marker was 79%, which is above the prospectively defined threshold rate. A distinct learning curve of the injection of the liquid marker was seen over the study period. The marker showed sustained visibility and positional stability during treatment phases and also appears to be safe and easy to inject.

Advances in knowledge:
This novel liquid BioXmark® marker seems to be a very promising tool in daily-adaptive IGRT for bladder preserving chemoradiotherapy in muscle invasive bladder cancer.
Remembering people with dementia during the COVID-19 crisis
Authors: O'Shea Eamon 
Published: May 2020

This letter argues that we need to pay particular attention to people with dementia during this difficult time of the COVID-19 pandemic. Social distancing rules and cocooning for people aged 70 years and over are now in place in Ireland to slow down the rate of infection and protect vulnerable older people. This letter argues that we need, more than ever, to assert the personhood of people with dementia at this difficult time. That means more person-centred care and practical support structures for family carers to allow them to continue to care at home in a safe and life-enhancing way. New public broadcasting initiatives could create information and communication channels for people with dementia and their carers, as well as demonstrating empathy and solidarity with their predicament. Government, the Department of Health, the HSE and the voluntary sector have risen to the challenge of COVID-19 in all sectors of society. So too have ordinary citizens. Now we need to unite even more to create an unyielding commitment and adherence to the principles of decency, justice and equity in the allocation of scarce health and social care resources. By doing this, we will demonstrate our caring potential and capacity in a way that reflects our shared humanity, not only in the current crisis, but into the future.
Reflective temperature sensor based on a fiber Bragg grating combined with a fiber loop ringdown technique
Authors: Ning Mao Bang , Wei Chen Wen , Liu Zhao Chun , Shi Yan , Yu Shen Chang , Zhong Jin Shang 
Published: May 2020

In this paper, a reflective fiber sensing system combined with a fiber loop ringdown technique for temperature detection is proposed. A fiber Bragg grating (FBG) with an initial center wavelength of 1543.33 nm was set as the sensor head. The experimental results showed that the average sensitivity of temperature was 1.003 µs/°C in the temperature range of 30–38°C, and the resolution was 0.007°C, which is 14 times better than the current FBG sensing demodulator. In addition, the system has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, and insensitivity to optical power fluctuation.
Positive Images: Gay Men and HIV/AIDS in the Culture of ‘Post Crisis’, Dion Kagan (2018)
Authors: Chittick Kyler 
Published: May 2020

Review of: Positive Images: Gay Men and HIV/AIDS in the Culture of ‘Post Crisis’, Dion Kagan (2018)
London and New York: I.B. Tauris, 295 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-78453-419-6, h/bk, $85.01
DILEMA ANTARA PEKERJAAN DAN STUDENT’ LEARNING: Strategi Coping Mahasiswa Sekolah Pascasarjana UIN Sunan Kalijaga
Authors: Muthohharoh Imro'atul 
Published: May 2020

This study discusses how the coping strategies of graduate students who have two roles, namely as students and workers. The purpose of this research is to find out the coping strategies of students who work in organizing, completing assignments and carrying out lectures. This type of research uses a qualitative descriptive approach with interview and observation techniques, that is, the researcher was directly involved (participatory). The informants in this study were five students of the 2018 social work class, Interdisciplinary Islamic Studies, UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta. The results of this study indicate that the obstacles experienced by students who work are the difficulty in dividing time, changes in class schedules, and work assignments. The strategy used to overcome the obstacles that exist for the smooth running of the study is to use strategy focused coping, emotion focused coping, long-term coping, and short-term coping. Keywords: Strategy coping, students, work.