bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prehospital Handling of Postpartum Haemorrhage- Healthcare Personnel’s Experiences and Perspectives
Authors: Leonardsen Ann-Chatrin Linqvist , Helgesen Ann Karin , Ulvøy Linn Eik , Grøndahl Vigdis Abrahamsen 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is a serious obstetric emergency, and one of the top five causes of maternal mortality globally. The most common causes of PPH include uterine atony, placental disorders, birth trauma and coagulation defects. Timely diagnosis and early management are critical to reduce morbidity, the need for blood transfusion or even mortality. External, manual aortic compression (AC) has been suggested as an intervention that reduce PPH and extend time for control of bleeding or resuscitation. This procedure is not commonly utilized by healthcare personnel. The incidence of home-births is increasing, and competence in PPH handling is essential in prehospital personnel. The objective was to explore prehospital personnel’s competence in PPH and AC, utilizing different tools. Methods: The study was conducted in a county in South-eastern Norway, including five ambulance stations. All prehospital personnel (n=250) were invited to participate in a questionnaire study. The questionnaire included the PPH self-efficacy (PPHSE) and PPH collective efficacy (PPHCE) tools, as well as a developed tool. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the quantitative data, while quantitative content analysis was used to analyse free-text responses. Results: A total of 87 prehospital personnel responded to the questionnaire, 57.5 percent male, mean age 37.9 years. 80.4 percent were ambulance workers and/or paramedics, and 96.6 and 97.7 percent respectively reported to need more education or training in PPH. Results show that prehospital personnel lack knowledge about what PPH is, how to estimate and handle PPH, and how to perform AC. 82.8 percent reported having experienced PPH, but only 2.9 percent had performed AC. Mean self-efficacy varied from 3.3 to 5.6, while collective efficacy varied from 1.9 to 3.8. Educational background did not seem to have any impact on participants’ responses. Conclusions and implications: This study indicates that prehospital personnel lack knowledge about PPH and AC, and also report to need more education and training. Hence, PPH should be included in educational programs at all levels of the education, as well as in quality improvement initiatives. After the conduction of this study, prehospital personnel attended a digital course in PPH, as well as a practical course in AC.
Regulatory Network Analysis Reveals Prognosis-Related CircRNAs in Pancreatic Cancer Cells
Authors: Zhang Heying , Zeng Juan , Li Yuexian , Sun Cheng , Zhou Yang , Tan Yonggang , Zou Huawei 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Objective: To construct a key prognosis-related regulatory network and to identify the epigenomic alterations of RNAs that have crucial functions in cancer pathogenesis.Methods: RNA expression profiles of miRNAs, mRNAs and circRNAs were extracted from the NCBI GEO and EBI ArrayExpress databases. The identification of differentially expressed genes was performed by R language. Databases such as starBase and TCGA were used for annotation, visualization, and integrated discovery. GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses were performed by DAVID 6.8. The key prognosis-related regulatory network was constructed with Cytoscape software. The involved circRNAs were verified by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) in five pancreatic cancer cell lines. Proliferation ability was assessed by the CCK-8 assay, apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry, and migratory and invasive abilities were assessed by Transwell assays.Results: In total, 798 differentially expressed genes, consisting of 85 circRNAs, 19 miRNAs and 694 mRNAs, were obtained. A miRNA interaction network was predicted and used to construct a prognosis-related regulatory network. GO annotation and KEGG pathway analysis revealed important biological processes and pathways in pancreatic cancers. The key regulatory factors in the network were miR-146b-5p and miR-152. Eight circRNAs included in the network were verified, and hsa_circ_0006502 was downregulated in the five tested pancreatic cancer cell lines and functioned as a tumor suppressor, as predicted.Conclusion: In conclusion, a key prognosis-related regulatory network in pancreatic cancers was constructed through bioinformatics analysis of public RNA databases, and miR-146b-5p and miR-152 were the key regulatory factors. Hsa_circ_0006502 was identified as a tumor suppressor that interacted closely with miR-146b-5p and might serve as a potential therapeutic agent.
Mechanical Zonation of Rock Properties and the Development of Hydrothermal Fluid Circulation Pathways: Implications for Enhanced Geothermal Systems
Authors: Kolawole Oladoyin , Ispas Ion , Kolawole Folarin , Germay Christophe , McLennan John D 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Oil and gas operations in sedimentary basins have revealed significant temperatures at depth, raising the possibility of major geothermal resource potential in the sedimentary sequences. The efficient development of such a resource may require enhancement by hydraulic stimulation. However, effective stimulation relies on an initial assessment of in-situ mechanical properties and a Discrete Fracture Network (DFN) model of the rock response. Here, we examine the distribution of mechanical properties (unconfined compressive strength, UCS ; ultrasonic velocity-derived Poisson ratio, ν; and, scratch-derived fracture toughness, K s ) along the cored interval of a sedimentary formation with a known geothermal anomaly in the Permian Basin, U.S. Our results reveal the mechanical heterogeneity of the rock, demonstrated by four distinct alternating mechanical zones, which include: (1.) mechanically weaker 0.17 m-thick Zone-A and 0.18 m-thick Zone-C with mean UCS = 110 MPa, ν = 0.25, K s = 1.89 MPa·√m; and (2.) mechanically stronger 0.41 m-thick Zone-B and 0.15 m-thick Zone-D which show mean UCS = 166 MPa, ν = 0.22, and K s = 2.87 MPa·√m. Although X-ray Diffraction analyses of the samples suggest that the entire rock matrix is dominated by dolomite, the stronger zones show a higher abundance of quartz (>30%) and relatively lower phyllosilicate mineral content (<2%) than the weaker zones. Further, we observe that the mechanically stronger zones have the greatest occurrences of hydrothermal alterations (anhydrite veins and nodules ), indicating that the cored interval had experienced hydrothermal fluid circulation in the past. We infer that the denser clustering of fractures in the stronger zones which facilitated the hydrothermal vein development was due to the influence of mechanical stratigraphy on the brittle deformation and alteration of the sedimentary-hosted hydrothermal reservoir. Thus, we suggest that the stronger zones represent viable targets for hydraulic stimulation of a geothermal reservoir, both for the emplacement of new fractures and the linkage of pre-existing fractures. Our findings in this study provide an analog for hydraulic stimulation of viable geothermal reservoir targets at higher in-situ temperatures and higher geothermal gradients.
Integration of Dual Stress Transcriptomes and Major QTLs&nbsp;From a Pair of Genotypes Contrasting for Drought and Chronic Nitrogen Starvation Identifies Key Stress Responsive Genes in Rice
Authors: Sevanthi Amitha Mithra , Sinha Subodh Kumar , V Sureshkumar , Manju Rani , Saini Manish Ranjan , Kumari Sapna , Kaushik Megha , Prakash Chandra , Karnam Venkatesh , Singh Gyanendra Pratap , Mohapatra Trilochan , Mandal Pranab Kumar 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We report here the genome-wide changes resulting from low N (N-W+), low water (N+W-) and dual stresses (N-W-) in root and shoot tissues of two rice genotypes, namely, IR 64 (IR64) and Nagina 22 (N22), and their association with the QTLs for nitrogen use efficiency. For all the root parameters, except for root length under N-W+, N22 performed better than IR64. Chlorophyll a, b and carotenoid content were higher in IR64 under N+W+ treatment and N- and W- stresses; however, under dual stress, N22 had higher chlorophyll b content. While nitrite reductase, glutamate synthase (GS) and citrate synthase assays showed better specific activity in IR64, glutamate dehydrogenase showed better specific activity in N22 under dual stress; the other N and C assimilating enzymes showed similar but low specific activities in both the genotypes. A total of 8926 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified compared to optimal (N+W+) condition from across all treatments. While 1174, 698 and 903 DEGs in IR64 roots and 1197, 187 and 781 in N22 roots were identified, nearly double the number of DEGs were found in the shoot tissues; 3357, 1006 and 4005 in IR64 and 4004, 990 and 2143 in N22, under N-W+, N+W- and N-W- treatments, respectively. IR64 and N22 showed differential expression in 15 and 11 N-transporter genes respectively, under one or more stress treatments, out of which four showed differential expression also in N+W- condition. The negative regulators of N- stress, e.g., NIGT1, OsACTPK1 and OsBT were downregulated in IR64 while in N22, OsBT was not downregulated. Overall, N22 performed better under dual stress conditions owing to its better root architecture, chlorophyll and porphyrin synthesis and oxidative stress management. We identified 12 QTLs for seed and straw N content using 253 recombinant inbred lines derived from IR64 and N22 and a 5K SNP array. Three QTLs co-localized on chromosome 6 spanning 417 Kbp and comprising of 31 genes, of which, five were DEGs including two UDP-glucuronosyl/UDP-glucosyltransferase family proteins. The DEGs, QTLs and candidate genes reported in this study can serve as a major resource for both rice improvement and functional biology.
Association Between Regorafenib Dose and Efficacy Against Metastatic Colorectal Cancer in a Real-world Setting: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Hatori Masahiro , Kawakami Kazuyoshi , Wakatsuki Takeru , Shinozaki Eiji , Kobayashi Kazuo , Aoyama Takeshi , Nakano Yasuhiro , Suzuki Kenichi , Yamaguchi Kensei , Hama Toshihiro 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: The association between regorafenib dosage in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer and efficacy is currently not well established. It was previously reported that the regorafenib dose as prescribed is associated with efficacy, but doses in actual clinical settings have not been analyzed. This study was to examine the association between the clinical significance of the cumulative dose of regorafenib in the early cycles and treatment efficacy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed patients with metastatic colorectal cancer who had received regorafenib as third-line or later chemotherapy between May 2013 and June 2018. Patients who were not treated in the Pharmaceutical Outpatient Clinic for compliance assessment were excluded. Overall survival was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Prognostic factors, including baseline demographics and adverse events, were evaluated using Cox proportional hazard models. Results: A total of 176 patients were enrolled. By multivariate analysis, total dose until the second cycle <3180 mg (HR 1.71, 95% CI, 1.20-2.44, P = 0.003), age <65 years (HR 1.96, 95% CI, 1.36-2.86, P <0.001), PS 2 (HR 1.81, 95% CI, 1.28-2.57, P = 0.001), hepatic metastasis (HR 2.86, 95% CI, 1.90-4.30, P <0.001), and regorafenib initial dose ≤120 mg (HR 1.71, 95% CI, 1.14-2.58, P = 0.01) were independent negative predictors of overall survival. Median survival times of the lower dose group (<3180 mg) and higher dose group (≥3180 mg) were 5.8 and 7.6 months, respectively (P = 0.045).Conclusion: The cumulative dose of regorafenib until the second cycle in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer was associated with survival. It is important to individualize regorafenib dose in metastatic colorectal cancer patients.
Predictors of Undertriage after Major Trauma in a Physician-led Prehospital System: Insights of a French Registry
Authors: BENHAMED Axel , FRATICELLI Laurie , CLAUSTRE Clément , DOUPLAT Marion , MARCOTTE Guillaume , CESAREO Eric , GOSSIOME Amaury , BOURGEOIS Jean-baptiste , HEIDET Matthieu , Emond Marcel , DAVID Jean-Stéphane , KHOURY Carlos EL , TAZAROURTE Karim 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe proper prehospital triage and transportation of patients suffering major trauma to lever 1 trauma centers is associated with better outcomes. Hence, emergency medical systems (EMS) aim is to avoid undertriage in these patients. The main objective of this study was to assess the rate and predictors of undertriage in a physician-led prehospital system.MethodsWe conducted an observational multicentric, region-wide, retrospective study based on the RESUVal Trauma-System registry, Rhône-Alpes region, France. All adults assessed by physician-led EMS units, from January 2011 to December 2017 with major trauma (Injury Severity Score (ISS) ≥ 16) were included. We defined the correct-triage group as major trauma patients admitted to a level I trauma center. We performed univariate then multivariate logistic regressions with undertriage as outcome.ResultsA total of 7,110 patients were included in the registry, of whom 2,591 patients with an ISS≥ 16. Among these patients, 320 (12.35%) were undertriaged. Median ISS was 25. In-hospital mortality was 16.45% (n=351/2134). Mid-aged patients (51-65 years old) were associated with a higher risk of undertriage than the others (OR=1.62, 95%CI 1.15-2.28, p=0.01). Factors associated with a lower risk of undertriage were: mechanism (fall or gunshot/stabbing wounds, 0.62, [0.45-0.86], p=0.01 and 0.44, [0.22-0.9], p=0.02, respectively), time on-scene (over 60 minutes, 0.61, [0.38-0.95], p=0.03), prehospital need for endotracheal intubation and ultrasound examination (0.53, [0.39-0.72], p<0.001 and 0.15, [0.08-0.29], p<0.001 respectively). After adjusting for severity, undertriage showed a non-significant tendency toward an increased risk of mortality (1.22, [0.8-1.89], p=0.36).ConclusionsIn our region-wide, physician-led prehospital system, undertriage of major trauma was not rare. The typical profile of undertriaged patients was a mid-aged male suffering from a blunt trauma, without respiratory distress or neurologic impairment, not benefiting from prehospital ultrasound examination and located close to a non-trauma center hospital.
Modelling Menstrual Cycle Length in Athletes Using State-space Models
Authors: Oliveira Thiago , Bruinvels Georgie , Pedlar Charles , Newell John 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The ability to predict menstrual cycle length to a high degree of precision enables female athletes to track their period and tailor their training and nutrition correspondingly knowing when to push harder when to prioritise recovery and how to minimise the impact of menstrual symptoms on performance. Such individualisation is possible if cycle length can be predicted to a high degree of accuracy. To achieve this, a hybrid predictive model was built using data on 16,990 cycles collected from a sample of 2,178women (mean age 33.89 years, range 14.98 - 47.10, number of menstrual cycles ranging from 4 - 53). To capture the within-subject temporal correlation, a mixed-eﬀect state-space model was ﬁtted incorporating a Bayesian approach for process forecasting to predict the duration (in days) of the next menstrual cycle. The modelling procedure was split into three steps(i) a time trend component using a random walk with an overdispersion parameter, (ii) an autocorrelation component using an autoregressive moving-average (ARMA) model, and (iii) a linear predictor to account for covariates (e.g. injury, stomach cramps, training intensity). The inclusion of an overdispersion parameter suggested that 26.81% [24.14%,29.58%] of cycles in the sample were overdispersed where the random walk standard deviation under a non-overdispersed cycle is 1.0530 [1.0060,1.0526] days while under an overdispersed cycle it increased to 4.7386 [4.5379,4.9492] days. To assess the performance and prediction accuracy of the model, each woman’s last observation was used as test data. The Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Concordance Correlation Coeﬃcient (CCC) and Pearson correlation coeﬃcient (r) between the observed and predicted values were calculated. The model had an RMSE of 1.6126 days, a precision of 0.7501 and overall accuracy of 0.9855. In the absence of hormonal measurements, knowing how aspects of physiology and psychology are changing across the menstrual cycle has the potential to help female athletes personalise their training, nutrition and recovery tailored to their cycle to sustain peak performance at the highest level and gain a competitive edge. In conclusion, the hybrid model presented here is a useful approach for predicting menstrual cycle length which in turn can be used to support female athlete wellness to optimise performance
Mice with Mutations in Trpm1, a Gene within the locus of 15q13.3 Microdeletion Syndrome, Display Pronounced Hyperactivity and Decreased Anxiety-Like Behavior.
Authors: Hori Tesshu , Ikuta Shohei , Hattori Satoko , Takao Keizo , Miyakawa Tsuyoshi , Koike Chieko 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
15q13.3 microdeletion syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by a deletion of a region containing seven genes on chromosome 15, MTMR10, FAN1, TRPM1, MIR211, KLF13, OTUD7A, and CHRNA7, and characterized by a wide spectrum of psychiatric disorders. The contribution of each gene in this syndrome has been studied using mutant mouse models, but the phenotypes of these mice do not account for human phenotypes and the results are still controversial. The behavior of Trpm1−/− mice with relation to 15q13.3 microdeletion syndrome has not been investigated due to the visual impairment in these mice, which may confound the results of behavior tests that involve vision. We have now applied a comprehensive behavioral test battery to examine the relationship of TRPM1 and 15q13.3 microdeletion syndrome by using Trpm1 null mutant mice. Our data indicate abnormal behavior of Trpm1−/− mice which may explain some phenotypes of 15q13.3 microdeletion syndrome, including reduction of anxiety behavior, abnormality of social interaction, attenuation in fear memory, and hyperactivity, which is the most prominent phenotype of Trpm1 mutant mice. While the ON visual transduction pathway is impared in Trpm1−/− mice, we did not detect compensatory high sensitivities for other sensory modalities. Although Trpm1−/− mice share the same pathway for visual impairment with mGluR6−/− mice, hyperlocomotion activity has not been reported in mGluR6−/− mice. These data suggest that the phenotype of Trpm1−/− mice extends beyond that expected from visual impairment alone. This is the first evidence to associate TRPM1 with impairment of cognitive function similar to that found in the phenotypes of 15q13.3 microdeletion syndrome.
Desflurane and Sevoflurane Induce Prolonged Motor Learning Deficits in aged AppNL-G-F/ NL-G-F Mice.
Authors: Niikura Ryo , Miyazaki Tomoyuki , Takase Kenkichi , Sasaguri Hiroki , Saito Takashi , Saido Takaomi C , Goto Takahisa 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
As the proportion of elderly in society increases, so does the number undergoing surgical procedures. The potential for anesthetics to facilitate Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an important issue. The causal relationship between clinical AD development and anesthesia remains conjectural, but preclinical studies have demonstrated that anesthesia, such as halothane, isoflurane and sevoflurane, but not desflurane, induce AD-like pathophysiological changes and cognitive impairments in transgenic mice AD models. Although it is expected desflurane will have more opportunities for use on elderly patients, little is known of its effects especially on non-cognitive functions such as motor and emotional functions. Thus, we examined the postanesthetic effect of desflurane and another common general anesthetic sevoflurane on motor and emotional function of aged AppNL-G-F/ NL-G-F (App-KI) mice. This is a recently developed transgenic mouse model of AD exhibiting amyloid b peptide (Ab) amyloidosis and neuroinflammatory response in age dependent manner without non-physiological amyloid precursor protein overexpression. Mice applied to a short test battery consisting of elevated plus maze, balance beam test, and tail suspension seven days after exposure to 8.0% desflurane for 6 hours or 2.8% sevoflurane for 2 h. App-KI mice showed significant increments in percentage of entry and time spent in open arms in elevated plus maze. Further, the number of slips and latency to traverse in balance beam test were also increased in App-KI mice. In tail suspension test, App-KI mice increased limb clasping score and immobile duration, but decreased the latency to first immobile episode compare to age-matched WT control. Desflurane and sevoflurane induced motor learning deficits in balance beam tests specifically in App-KI mice, while not affecting other behavioral performance. These results suggest high validity of App-KI mice as an animal model of AD. Use of anesthetics in AD patients and those at-risk requires careful and subsequent follow-up.
Treadmill Running Regulates Adult Neurogenesis,&nbsp;Spatial and Non-Spatial Learning by ErbB4 Signaling
Authors: Yi Yandong , Song Yuanlong , Liu Bo , Lu Yisheng 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Recent studies have shown exercise is effective for adult hippocampus neurogenesis and memory. However, the molecular mechanism of exercise is unclear. In this study, AG1478, an ErbB4 inhibitor, was used to explore the involvement of ErbB4 receptors. Four weeks post-running, cognitive impairment was analyzed using T-maze, Morris water maze (MWM) and contextual fear discrimination learning tests, followed by histological assessment of the proliferation and survival of hippocampal neurons using Ki67, NeuN and BrdU immunostaining respectively. Expression of total and phosphate ErbB4 protein level was evaluated by Western blotting. The results showed that AG1478 significantly impaired the performances in T-maze and MWM (spatial learning and memory), contextual fear conditioning and discrimination learning paradigm (non-spatial working and reference memory), enhanced neurogenesis loss, downregulated the expression of p-ErbB4 and total ErbB4 protein, which could be reversed by running. Taken together, our study suggested that running ameliorates cognitive impairment and neurogenesis via ErbB4 signaling.