bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Morphological Study of the Oesophagus and Stomach of the Cave Swiflets (Collocalia linchi)
Authors: Novelina Savitri , E Evalina , Satyaningtijas Aryani S , Agungpriyono Srihadi , Setijanto Heru 
Published: June 2020

This study was conducted with aim to tend out morphology of oesophagus and stomach of the cave swiflets (Collocalia linchi) at macroscopic and microscopic levels. The data revealed that esophagus was 2.93 cm in length and possessed no crop. The stomach was small and the isthmus was not clear. Mucosa of the esophagus was lined by stratified squoamus epithelium. Esophageal gland was mucous type. The glands were well developed and distributed along the esophagus. The external muscle layer consisted of inner circular and outer longitudinal layers. The stomach could be distinguished into proventriculus and ventriculus with no clear isthmus between them. The mucosa of proventriculus was lined by single columnar epithelium. The ventricular gland area was divided into cardiac, fundic and pyloric gland areas. The surface of ventriculus was lined with cuticula. In general the esophagus and stomach of the cave swiftlets were simple with no crop in the esophagus and isthmus in the stomach. These might be related with the kind of food and feeding behavior of this species.
The Efficacy of Seminal Vesicles Extract Administration on Percentage of Estrus and Pregnancy on Local Goat
Authors: S Syafruddin , Siregar Tongku Nizwan , H Herrialfian , Armansyah T , Sayuti Arman , R Roslizawaty 
Published: June 2020

The aim of this research was to determine the percentage of estrus, performance of estrus, and percentage of pregnancy in local goat which synchronized with seminal vesicles extract. The seminal vesicles used in this research were collected from the waste of Banda Aceh slaughter house. The goats were allotted into 2 groups. Goats in group were injected with 0.5 ml PGF2á intramuscularly, and goats in group II were injected with 5 ml seminal vesicles extract intrauterine. The injection was done twice with the interval of 11 days. The goats which perform estrus sign are mated naturally once in every observation. Pregnancy diagnosing was done using chemical urine method 2 months after mating. The estrus percentage and pregnancy data were analyzed with chi-square and the estrus performance (onset and estrus duration) were analyzed using student T test. The estrus onset of group I and II were 29.33±4.62 and 24.00±0.00 hours (P0.05). Estrus duration of group I and II were 26.67+4.62 and 20.00+11.97 hours respectively (P0.05). The estrus percentage of group I and II did not show any significant differences (P0.05), those are 60.0 and 40.0% respectively, whereas the percentage of estrus from both groups were 100.0 %.
Modeling Cuttings Lag Distribution in Directional Drilling to Evaluate Depth Resolution of Mud Logging
Authors: Naganawa Shigemi , Suzuki Manabu , Ikeda Kenji , Inada Norihito , Sato Ryosuke 
Published: June 2020

SummaryIn this study, we attempted to model the cuttings lag-depth distribution caused by the dispersion of cuttings transport velocity in directional drilling. From the results of cuttings lag experiments, it was found that the lag distribution could be modeled using the lognormal distribution probability density function (PDF). A simple formulation of lag-depth distribution for the entire depth of a well was mathematically derived. Simulation studies of lag depth for a realistic model of a directional well based on field data were conducted to evaluate depth resolution of mud logging. The key finding is that cuttings sampled at the surface can be contaminated by cuttings originating from other unintended depths to the extent of being non-negligible. This tendency of obscuring the formations and depths from which the sampled cuttings originate is significant if the high inclination or horizontal hole section exceeds a certain length depending on the rate of penetration (ROP). The presented approach has the ability to quantitatively evaluate the uncertainty in the depth resolution of mud logging; this is crucial in improving the lateral quality of reservoir characterization.
Effect of decontamination procedures on marginal and internal adaptation in saliva contaminated resin composite restorations
Authors: Pappa Eftychia , Masouras Konstantinos , Margaritis Vasileios , Kakaboura Afrodite 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of natural saliva contamination of dentin, on marginal and internal adaptation of resin-composite restorations performed with an etch-and-rinse adhesive and determine the efficiency of various decontamination techniques. Methods: A hundred and twenty human molars and premolars were randomly distributed into six groups (n=20). Standardized dentin cavities (diameter: 3 mm, depth: 2 mm) were filled with a two-step etch-and-rinse adhesive and resin-composite under six different surface treatments: (1) adhesive application following manufacturers’ instructions (control); (2) dentin etching, 5-s saliva, 5-s air-dry, adhesive; (3) dentin etching, 5-s saliva, 10-s waterrinse, 5-s air-dry, adhesive; (4) adhesive application/light-cure, 5-s saliva, 5-s air-dry; (5) adhesive application/light-cure, 5-s saliva, 10-s water-rinse, 5-s air-dry; (6) adhesive application/light-cure, 5-s saliva, 10-s water-rinse, 5-s air-dry, adhesive reapplication. Wall adaptation was evaluated at the upper surface and at two consecutive depth levels of 0.5 mm each, by measuring the length of debonded margins relative to the cavity periphery (%DM) and the width of maximum marginal gap (MG). Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U were applied for statistical analysis. Results: Statistically significant differences occurred among groups, presenting inferior adaptation after contamination took place (0.05 significance level). Group (1) at the upper surface presented the most satisfactory adaptation, whereas, groups (4), (5) had the significantly poorest adaptation in all surfaces. Groups (2), (3) and (6) revealed no statistically significant differences in comparison to group (1). Conclusion: Saliva contamination resulted in deterioration of marginal and internal adaptation when it occurred after the adhesive application. Reapplication of the adhesive restored DM and MG values.
Comparison of Hospitalized Patients with Severe Pneumonia Caused by COVID-19 and Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (H7N9): A Retrospective Study from A Designated Hospital
Authors: Gu Binbin , Yao Lin , Zhu XinYun , Tang Pei-jun , Chen Cheng 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background

Considerable attention has been focused on clinical features of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), it is also important for clinicians to differentiate it from influenza virus infections.
Methods

The clinical data of 23 cases of H7N9 and 23 cases of COVID-19 with severe pneumonia were collected. The comparisons were performed with the t test, Mann-Whitney U test, Fisher exact test or the chi-squared test, and multivariable logistic regression analysis.
Results

All of the cases were under the circumstance of sufficient medical staff and medical supplies. The rate of coexisting disease was lower in the severe COVID-19 group than in the severe H7N9 group (p < 0.05). Radiologically, severe COVID-19 patients had less consolidation and pleural effusion, but more crazy-paving pattern than severe H7N9 patients (p < 0.05). Clinically, compared to severe H7N9, severe COVID-19 patients were more inclined to surfer to relative better disease severity score, less secondary bacterial infection, a shorter time to beginning absorption on CT, but a longer duration of viral shedding from the admission (p < 0.05). Although more severe H7N9 patients needed non-invasive respiratory support, these two groups ultimately yielded comparable mortality. Based on multiple logistic regression analysis, severe COVID-19 infection was associated with a lower risk of the presence of severe ARDS (OR 0.964, 95% [CI] 0.931–0.998, p = 0.040), but exhibited longer duration of viral shedding (OR 0.734, 95% [CI] 0.550–0.980, p = 0.036) than severe H7N9 infection.
Conclusion

Although the conditions of severe H7N9 patients seemed to be more critical than those of severe COVID-19 patients, the relatively lower mortality of these two severe cases is to be expected in context of sufficient medical supplies.
Aldehyde breath test as a disease marker in patients with esophageal and hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Sasaki Fumisato , Kanmura Shuji , Oda Kohei , Maeda Hidehito , Kabayama Masayuki , Iwaya Hiromichi , Komaki Yuga , Arima Shiho , Tanoue Shiroh , Hashimoto Shinichi , Fujita Hiroshi , Ido Akio 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background

Patients with inactive aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) are at high risk for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HPSCC). The aldehyde breath test (ABT) may demonstrate ALDH2 gene polymorphisms. We evaluated the usefulness of the ABT in patients with ESCC and HPSCC.
Methods

The SCC group consisted of 100 patients who were treated with endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for ESCC or HPSCC, and the control group (HC) consisted of 275 healthy subjects. The SCC group comprised the “single subgroup” (n = 61), in which a single lesion was initially treated with ESD, and the “multiple subgroup” (n = 31), in which multiple lesions were initially treated with ESD. First, we compared the groups’ risk factors for carcinogenesis and measured acetaldehyde-to-ethanol (A/E) ratio. Then we tested the groups’ differences in the abovementioned carcinogenic risk factors.
Results

We found that the proportion of individuals in the SCC group with inactive ALDH2 (A/E ratio

\ge
23.3) was significantly higher than that in the HC group (p = 0.035), as was the A/E ratio (p < 0.001). Also, the proportion of individuals with inactive ALDH2 in the multiple subgroup was significantly higher than that in single subgroup (p = 0.015), as was the A/E ratio (p = 0.008).
Conclusions

In conclusion, ABT could be a useful tool to identify ESCC and HPSCC and detect multiple or double carcinomas.
Trial registration:

Trial Registration number: UMIN000040615, Data of Registration: 01 June 2020, retrospectively registered.
Comparative Quantitative Proteomic Analysis Reveals Differentially Expressed Proteins Involved in Grain-Filling Rate of Rice at the Early Ripening Stage
Authors: Chen Jiana , Cao Fangbo , Huang Min , Abou-Elwafa Salah Fatouh 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background

Grain-filling ability is a determinant factor of rice potential yield. Grain filling is a biological process of starch accumulation involved a large number of major enzymes implicated in carbohydrates metabolism in developing rice endosperm and is governed by a complex balance between the sink (grains) and the source (assimilates). This study was carried out to analyze the proteomic profile of rice grains and to identify proteins associated with high grain-filling rate during the early ripening period in rice.
Results

TMT and LC-MS/MS were employed in analyzing proteomic profile of grains from two rice cultivars possess contrasting phenotypes in grain filling rate to identify proteins associated with high grain-filling rate during the early ripening stage. The two cultivars differed significantly in grain-filling rate during the period of 0–3 days after full heading, indicating the appropriacy of cultivars selection for quantitative proteomic analysis. A total of 219 differentially expressed proteins in grains between the two cultivars were identified, providing a database for quantified proteomics in rice grains during grain filling stage. Elevated expression of many enzymes involved in starch and sucrose metabolism during rice grain filling was observed. GO and KEGG analyses revealed that the largest portion of differentially expressed proteins during grain filling associated with carbohydrate metabolism and transportation, suggesting a more specific function of those protein in rice grain development. Starch, sucrose, fatty acids and amino acids biosynthesis and metabolism were significantly enriched pathways.
Conclusions

Analysis of protein-protein interactions indicated the implication of the same proteins in several biological processes such as carbohydrate transport and metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, energy production and conversion and secondary metabolites biosynthesis. The data provide valuable information about the roles of biosynthesis, transport and metabolism of carbohydrate and amino acids in rice grain filling and development. The results represent a valuable foundation for further studies of the roles of differentially expressed proteins in underlying grain filling stage in rice and their potential impacts on rice productivity.
Overexpression of ASPH protein predicts poor outcomes in retroperitoneal liposarcoma patients
Authors: Xiao Mengmeng , Chen Xiaobing , Cui Yuqing , Wang Lihua , Rao Xiaosong , Chen Xuesong , Luo Chenghua 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Introduction: No druggable targets and prognostic factors are currently available for retroperitoneal liposarcoma (RPLS) due to very limited understanding of its molecular mechanisms and pathogenesis. This study aims to decipher expression profiling and prognostic value of aspartate-β-hydroxylase (ASPH), an activator of Notch signaling pathway, in RPLS. Methods: Totally 138 patients with RPLS who received resection were recruited in this retrospective study. Immunohistochemistry was performed to decipher expression profiling of ASPH in archived specimens. Prognostic value of ASPH was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier plot and Cox proportional hazards model. Chi-square test was used to compare counting data. Results: The overall positive rate of ASPH expression in RPLS was 90.6%. Well-differentiated liposarcoma had a similar positive rate to dedifferentiated liposarcoma (90.2% vs. 91.1%). A high level of ASPH expression correlated with reduced postoperative recurrence-free survival rate and overall survival rate (P<0.05). Conclusions: ASPH is an independent predictor for clinical outcome of patients with RPLS. A high level of ASPH expression confers poor post-operational prognosis.
Early Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of BIRC5 in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Based on TCGA Data
Authors: Wang Jingyuan , Chen Min , Dang Chengxue , Zhang Hao , Wang Xin , Yin Jianhao , Jia Rui , zhang yong 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Purpose: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a highly lethal cancer that would benefit from non-invasive innovative markers providing early diagnostic and prognostic detection. Increased BIRC5 (baculoviral inhibitor of apoptosis repeat containing 5) expression is associated with negative outcomes or survival in various cancers. Our study aims to investigate the role of BIRC5 of early diagnosis and prognosis in ccRCC by studying the expression of BIRC5 and the correlation between BIRC5 expression and clinicopathological parameters, prognosis in ccRCC. Methods: The BIRC5 expression in ccRCC tissues and normal kidney tissues was measured using the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and The Human Protein Atlas database. The correlation between BIRC5 expression and clinicopathological parameters, prognosis in ccRCC was analyzed using UALCAN, Kaplan Meier plotter, GEPIA and SurvExpress. Results: BIRC5 expression is significantly higher in ccRCC than in normal kidney tissues, and is correlated with the clinical stage and pathological grade of ccRCC(P<0.05). The result of analyzing the relationship between BIRC5 expression and outcomes in ccRCC indicates that high BIRC5 expression is an independent prognostic factor affecting overall survival and disease-free survival of ccRCC (P<0.05). Compared with normal kidney tissues, the immunohistochemical test shows that BIRC5 is significantly upregulated in ccRCC tissues. Conclusions: The high expression of BIRC5 is an important indicator of the prognosis of ccRCC, which makes BIRC5 be an effective biomarker for predicting the prognosis of patients in ccRCC. BIRC5 may be a great potential biomarker for early diagnosis of ccRCC.
Tetramethylpyrazine nitrone exerts neuroprotection via PGC-1α/Nrf2 activation and α-synuclein clearance in Parkinson’s disease models
Authors: Guo Baojian , Zheng Chengyou , Cao Jie , Li Shangming , Luo Fangcheng , Qiu Xiaoling , Zhang Kun , Cai Wei , Li Haitao , Wang Ying , Simon Mingyuan Lee , Yang Xifei , Zhang Gaoxiao , Sun Yewei , Zhang Zaijun , Wang Yuqiang 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ co-activator 1α (PGC-1α) and Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) are key regulators controlling antioxidant defense, mitochondrial biogenesis and cellular proteostasis. Dysfunction of these processes has been implicated in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Activation of PGC-1α/Nrf2 might improve mitochondrial dysfunction, promote α-synuclein (α-syn) clearance and attenuate degeneration of nigral dopaminergic neurons in PD.
Methods: Neurotoxin-induced in vitro PD model, 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-treated mice model, unilateral intrastriatal injection of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-lesioned rat model, and transgenic mice overexpression of human A53T mutant α-synuclein were used to evaluate the neuroprotective and neurorescue effect of tetramethylpyrazine nitrone (TBN), a free radical scavenger, and its regulation on PGC-1α/Nrf2 pathway.
Results: TBN protected against 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP + ) and 6-OHDA insult in cultured primary midbrain neurons. TBN promoted α-syn clearance by autophagy and proteasomal pathways in cell models overexpressing the human A53T mutant α-syn. In MPTP-treated mice, unilateral 6-OHDA-lesioned rats, and the α-syn transgenic mice model, TBN improved motor impairment, increased survival of nigral dopaminergic neurons, and elevated striatal dopamine levels while decreasing the products of oxidative damage. Importantly, TBN down-regulated the α-syn level in the brain and serum of α-syn-transgenic mice. These in vitro and in vivo improvements were associated with activation of the PGC-1α/Nrf2 signaling pathway, resulting in reduced oxidative stress, and enhanced mitochondrial functions.
Conclusions: Our work demonstrates that TBN activates PGC-1α/Nrf2 and increases the survival of nigral dopaminergic neurons. These results suggest that TBN warrants further development as a potential new PD treatment.
Case report: Pediatric patients with COVID-19 presented as multi-system inflammatory syndrome
Authors: Saeed Amir , sanaei anahita , Ghotbabadi shabnam Hajiani , shorafa Eslam 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background

COVID-19 in pediatric patients is typically associated with minimal manifestations and is less severe than adult patients. Recently, there are reports of children with COVID 19 and myocardial involvement from Europe and America that first were assumed to be Kawasaki disease or its atypical presentation. However world health organization has set a new designation for this state; “multi-system involvement syndrome” in children with COVID-19; (MIS-C).
Case presentation:

Here we report two COVID-19 pediatric patients (two girls aged 10 and 13 years old) with MIS-C.
Conclusion

Presence of Kawasaki like signs in COVID 19 patients should be an alarming point to consider multi-system inflammatory syndrome; a syndrome with extensive organ involvement and yet indistinct exact pathophysiology.
The Multiple Infections of Porcine Diarrhea Viruses in Local Area Based on A Luminex xTAG Multiplex Detection Method
Authors: liu Huili , Shi Ying , Li Benqiang , Tao Jie , Cheng Jinghua 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background

Porcine viral diarrhea can cause great damage to the pig industry. However, multiple infections have contributed to the poor control of diarrhea, which has also resulted in great difficulties in determining the main pathogenic factors.
Methods

A Luminex xTAG multiplex detection method was developed for the detection of 11 viral diarrhea pathogens, which allows for the simultaneous qualitative and quantitative detection of viral diarrhea pathogens in clinical samples. A total of 518 porcine stool specimens were collected from 9 pig herds in Shanghai, China from 2015 to 2017, and the pathogen spectrums and co-infections were analyzed.
Results

The minimum detection rate of the Luminex xTAG multiplex detection method was at least 10 times higher than the traditional PCR method. Of the 518 diarrhea samples, PEDV was found in 17.57% (91/518), PKoV in 40.35% (209/518), PAstV in 26.64% (138/518), PSV in 15.06% (78/518), PoSaV in 13.13% (68/518), PTV in 5.21% (27/518), PDCoV in 4.83% (25/518), PoRV in 3.28% (17/518), TGEV in 3.09% (16/518), PToV in 1.93% (10/518), and BVDV in 1.74% (9/518), respectively. Furthermore, multiple infections were commonly seen, with positive rate of 35.14%. Infection pattern of the viral diarrheal pathogens in a specific farm was changing, and different farms had the various diarrhea infection patterns. A longitudinal investigation showed that PEDV was still the key pathogen which was closely related to the death of diarrhea piglets. Other pathogens might play synergistic roles in the pathogenesis of diarrhea disease.
Conclusions

Here we provided a Luminex xTAG multiple detection method for viral diarrhea pathogen infection in clinical, which was more sensitive and specific than general multiplex PCR method. Furthermore, the surveillance confirmed high infection rate of PKoV, but PEDV was still the key pathogen and multiple pathogens synergistically complicated the infection status in southern China, suggesting that controlling porcine diarrhea might be more complex than previously thought. A better understanding of viruses that cause diarrhea in piglets will aid in better preventing and controlling epidemics of viral porcine diarrhea.
Incidence, Cause of Death, and Survival of Amyloidosis in Korea
Authors: Jang Shin Yi , Kim Darae , Choi JinO , Jeon Eun-Seok 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
BackgroundWe sought to assess incidence and survival for amyloidosis.MethodsWe acquired data from newly diagnosed cases related to amyloidosis from the National Health Insurance Service in Korea from 2006 through 2017 (n=2,233; male 53.5%). We calculated the age-standardized incidence rate, analyzed the survival rate (SR) using the Kaplan-Meier method, and analyzed the death risk using Cox proportional hazards methods.ResultsThe mean age was 57.0 (±16.7) years in males and 56.8 (±15.6) years in females (p=non-significant). The proportion of death was 34.7%. The causes of death were endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases (33.9%), malignant neoplasm (20.8%), diseases of the circulatory system (9.68%), and diseases of the genitourinary system (9.29%). The overall age-standardized incidence rate was 0.47 persons per 100,000 persons in 2017. Overall, the 10-year SR for amyloidosis was 57.7% (55.9% in males and 59.2% in females). Adjusted hazard ratios were 9.16 (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.23, 37.5) among 40-49 year-old, 16.1 (95% CI 4.00, 65.3) among 50-59 year-old, 30.3 (95% CI 7.53, 122.0) among 60-69 year-old, 48.7 (95% CI 12.1, 196.3) among 70-79 year-old, 80.1 (95% CI 19.6, 326.3) among people 80 years or older and 1.21 (95% CI 1.02, 1.44) in the medium-level socioeconomic position group. ConclusionsThe age-standardized incidence rate of amyloidosis was about 0.5 persons per 100,000 persons in 2017. The 10-year SR of amyloidosis was about 58%. The most common cause of death was endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases. The risk of death from amyloidosis increased with age and medium socioeconomic position.