bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk‐adapted bendamustine + rituximab is a tolerable treatment alternative for elderly patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: a regional real‐world report on 141 consecutive Swedish patients
Authors: Mattsson Agnes , Sylvan Sandra E. , Asklid Anna , Wiggh Joel , Winqvist Maria , Lundin Jeanette , Mansouri Larry , Rosenquist Richard , Johansson Hemming , Österborg Anders , Hansson Lotta 
Published: August 2020

SummaryBendamustine + rituximab (BR) is the current first‐line standard‐of‐care for chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) in fit patients aged 66–70 years, whereas chlorambucil + CD20 antibody is recommended in older patients with co‐morbidities. This retrospective real‐world study investigated whether risk‐adapted BR was safe and effective in elderly patients. All 141 CLL patients in the Stockholm region (diagnosed from 2007 to 2016, identified from regional registries) who had received BR as first (n = 84) or later line (n = 57) were analysed. Median age was 72 years, 49% had Binet stage C, 40% had Cumulative Illness Rating Scale (CIRS) score ≥ 6, 20% Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) score 2. None had del(17p). Only 15% of patients aged ≥80 years received full‐dose bendamustine and 65% of them postponed rituximab until cycle 2. Corresponding numbers in patients 73–79 years were 21% and 36% and in <73 years, 63% and 33%. Overall response rate was 83% (first line) and 67% (later line) (P < 0·022) equally distributed between age subsets. ECOG, immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region (IGHV) mutational status and cytogenetics, but not treatment line and age, were significant factors on progression‐free survival (PFS) in multivariate analysis. Infections and neutropenia/thrombocytopenia (≥grade 3) were similar across age subgroups. In summary, BR was well tolerated even in patients ≥80 years, with similar efficacy and safety as in less old patients, provided that carefully adapted dosing was applied.
Homozygous TAF1C variants are associated with a novel childhood‐onset neurological phenotype
Authors: Knuutinen Oula , Pyle Angela , Suo‐Palosaari Maria , Duff Jennifer , Froukh Tawfiq , Lehesjoki Anna‐Elina , Kangas Salla M. , Cassidy James , Maraqa Latifa , Keski‐Filppula Riikka , Kokkonen Hannaleena , Uusimaa Johanna , Horvath Rita , Vieira Päivi 
Published: August 2020

AbstractTATA‐box binding protein associated factor, RNA polymerase I subunit C (TAF1C) is a component of selectivity factor 1 belonging to RNA polymerase I (Pol I) transcription machinery. We report two unrelated patients with homozygous TAF1C missense variants and an early onset neurological phenotype with severe global developmental delay. Clinical features included lack of speech and ambulation and epilepsy. MRI of the brain demonstrated widespread cerebral atrophy and frontal periventricular white matter hyperintensity. The phenotype resembled that of a previously described variant of UBTF, which encodes another transcription factor of Pol I. TAF1C variants were located in two conserved amino acid positions and were predicted to be deleterious. In patient‐derived fibroblasts, TAF1C mRNA and protein expression levels were substantially reduced compared with healthy controls. We propose that the variants impairing TAF1C expression are likely pathogenic and relate to a novel neurological disease. This study expands the disease spectrum related to Pol I transcription machinery, associating the TAF1C missense variants with a severe neurological phenotype for the first time.
Inflammatory lobular hemangioma: A vascular proliferation with a prominent lymphoid component. Review of a series of 19 cases
Authors: Santa Cruz Daniel , Plaza Jose A. , Wick Mark R. , Gru Alejandro A. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn the last 30 years, there has been a strong interest in vascular proliferations. Pyogenic granuloma was not only renamed lobular capillary hemangioma, but also the conceptual interpretation was also changed from an overgrowth of granulation tissue to a genuine hemangioma (or benign vascular neoplasm). We describe 19 cases of patients who presented clinically with a vascular lesion, characteristically a pyogenic granuloma or lobular hemangioma, where the histopathological findings led to the pathologic concern for a lymphoma of the skin. These benign lesions with a dense lymphoid infiltrate were further defined on the basis of different vascular and lymphoid immunohistochemical markers as inflammatory lobular hemangiomas. We propose that given the considerable histopathological overlap between acral pseudolymphomatous angiokeratoma, T‐cell rich angiomatoid polypoid pseudolymphoma of the skin, and other designations of some of these vascular proliferations with a rich and dense lymphoid infiltrate, they might constitute a spectrum of vascular lesions with varying clinical presentations.
Steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) lineages and sexes show variable patterns of association of adult migration timing and age‐at‐maturity traits with two genomic regions
Authors: Willis Stuart C. , Hess Jon E. , Fryer Jeff K. , Whiteaker John M. , Brun Chris , Gerstenberger Ryan , Narum Shawn R. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAs life history diversity plays a critical role in supporting the resilience of exploited populations, understanding the genetic basis of those life history variations is important for conservation management. However, effective application requires a robust understanding of the strength and universality of genetic associations. Here, we examine genetic variation of single nucleotide polymorphisms in genomic regions previously associated with migration phenology and age‐at‐maturity in steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) from the Columbia River. We found chromosome 28 markers (GREB1L, ROCK1 genes) explained significant variance in migration timing in both coastal and inland steelhead. However, strength of association was much greater in coastal than inland steelhead (R2 0.51 vs. 0.08), suggesting that genomic background and challenging inland migration pathways may act to moderate effects of this region. Further, we found that chromosome 25 candidate markers (SIX6 gene) were significantly associated with age and size at first return migration for inland steelhead, and this pattern was mediated by sex in a predictable pattern (males R2 = 0.139–0.170; females R2 = 0.096–0.111). While this encourages using these candidate regions in predicting life history characteristics, we suggest that stock‐specific associations and haplotype frequencies will be useful in guiding implementation of genetic assays to inform management.
Large scale patterns of marine diatom richness: Drivers and trends in a changing ocean
Authors: Busseni Greta , Caputi Luigi , Piredda Roberta , Fremont Paul , Hay Mele Bruno , Campese Lucia , Scalco Eleonora , de Vargas Colomban , Bowler Chris , d'Ovidio Francesco , Zingone Adriana , Ribera d’Alcalà Maurizio , Iudicone Daniele 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAimPlankton diversity is a pivotal element of marine ecosystem stability and functioning. A major obstacle in the assessment of diversity is the lack of consistency between patterns assessed by molecular and morphological data. This work aims to reconcile the two in a single richness measure, to investigate the environmental drivers affecting this measure, and finally to predict its spatio‐temporal patterns.Location and time periodThis is a global scale study, based on data collected within the 2009–2013 interval during the Tara Oceans expedition.Major taxa studiedThe focus of this study is diatoms. They play an important role in several biogeochemical cycles and within marine food webs, and display high taxonomic and functional richness.MethodsWe integrate measures of diatom richness across the global ocean using molecular and morphological approaches, giving particular attention to ‘the rare biosphere’. We then perform a machine‐learning‐based analysis of these reconciled patterns to extrapolate diatom richness at the global scale and to identify the main environmental processes governing it. Finally, we model the response of diatom richness to climate change.ResultsBy filtering out 0.3% of the rarest operational taxonomic units, molecular‐based richness patterns show the best possible match with the morphological approach. Temperature, phosphate, chlorophyll a and the Lyapunov exponent are the major explainers of these reconciled patterns. Global scale predictions provide a first approximation of the global geography of diatom richness and of the possible impacts of climate change.Main conclusionsOur models suggest that diatom richness is controlled by different processes characteristic of distinct environmental scenarios: lateral mixing in highly dynamic regions, and both nutrient availability and temperature elsewhere. We present herein the effects of these processes on richness and how these same effects differ from other diversity indices because of the main component of richness: the rare biosphere.
Hydrogeochemistry of Water in Coal Measures during Grouting Treatment of Taoyuan Mine, China
Authors: Guo Yan , Gui Herong , Wei Jiuchuan , Zhang Zhi , Hu Mancong , Fang Pei , Li Guangping , Gao Chuan , Wang Xin 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPermian coal measure sandstone fissure water (referred to as “coal measure water,” that is, water in coal measures) is one of the important water sources for industrial and agricultural activities in mining areas. However, the regional high‐pressure grouting, one of the most widely used floor control methods, may affect the coal measure water which is connected with limestone aquifer. This study used Taoyuan mine, a typical coal mine in Huaibei coalfield, as the research area to study the influencing mechanism of a grouting treatment on the hydrogeochemical evolution of coal measure water. The hydrogeochemical characteristics and water‐rock interaction mechanism of the coal measure water before and during the treatment were evaluated using a Piper trigram, ion combination ratio, and hydrogen‐oxygen stable isotope. The anions and cations in the coal measure water before and during the treatment had the same trends at SO42− > HCO3− > Cl−and Na+ > Ca2+ > Mg2+, respectively. Hydrochemical types of coal measure water before treatment were mainly SO4·Cl‐Ca·Mg, SO4·Cl‐Na, and HCO3‐Na, and during treatment they were mainly SO4·Cl‐Na and HCO3‐Na. The formation of chemical components of coal measure water before treatment was mainly caused by carbonate dissolution, sulfate dissolution, and pyrite oxidation. During the treatment, sulfate dissolution and pyrite oxidation were the main geochemical processes, and ion exchange was enhanced. Atmospheric precipitation was the source of all water samples, and all showed an obvious18O drift.
Thescabiniin historiographical perspective
Authors: Hicklin Alice 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe introduction of thescabini, men who served as judgement finders, has long been connected to judicial reform enacted by Charlemagne. By the thirteenth century, the termscabinihad become synonymous with legal culture and courts from Norway to Hungary and beyond. This article will trace thescabinifrom historiographical debates over their provenance, to their introduction under Charlemagne, why and how this change was enacted, their duties and the impact of the reform on terminology and the writing of documentary texts. This touches on keystones of changing historiographical perspectives of the Carolingians: from nineteenth‐century views of a ‘Germanic’ past that privileged collective judgement to twentieth‐century emphasis on the written word as a mode of governance and the relationship between Charlemagne and the aristocracy, and recent attention to the function of capitularies in tenth‐century western Europe. It will explore the alleged disappearance of thescabini, a development that is connected in scholarship to nothing less significant than debates concerning the feudal revolution, before considering areas for future study.
Do firms hedge in order to avoid financial distress costs? New empirical evidence using bank data
Authors: Hahnenstein Lutz , Köchling Gerrit , Posch Peter N. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWe present a new approach to test empirically the financial distress costs theory of corporate hedging. We estimate the ex‐ante expected financial distress costs, which serve as a starting point to construct further explanatory variables in an equilibrium setting, as a fraction of the value of an asset‐or‐nothing put option on the firm's assets. Using single‐contract data of the derivatives' use of 189 German middle‐market companies that stems from a major bank as well as Basel II default probabilities and historical accounting information, we are able to explain a significant share of the observed cross‐sectional differences in hedge ratios. Hence, our analysis adds further support for the financial distress costs theory of corporate hedging from the perspective of a financial intermediary.
Methodological assessment of Mexican Clinical Practice Guidelines: GRADE framework adherence and critical appraisal
Authors: Colunga‐Lozano Luis Enrique , Gerardo‐Morales Vilma , Pérez‐Gaxiola Giordano , Vázquez‐Álvarez Alan Omar , González‐Torres Francisco Javier , Perales‐Guerrero Leonardo , Yanowsky‐Ortega Ekatherina , Martínez‐Tolentino Ulises Ivan , Sánchez‐Villaseca Sergio Jacob , García‐Macías Luz Angélica , Nieuwlaat Robby , Guyatt Gordon , Florez Ivan D. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackground and objectiveClinical Practice Guidelines (CPGs) provide evidence‐based recommendations to healthcare professionals, policy makers, patients and other stakeholders. Mexico is the biggest producer of CPGs in Latin America and Caribbean countries. The National Healthcare Technology Excellence Center (acronym in Spanish: CENETEC) is responsible for the CPG development, adaptation and update. The aim of this study was to assess the adherence to the GRADE framework and to critically appraise the Mexican CPGs with the AGREE‐II tool.Study designWe conducted a descriptive cross‐sectional study with a random sample of 86 CPGs produced by CENETEC between 2015 and 2017 and published in an online database called “Catalogo Maestro”. We assessed the adherence to the GRADE framework and performed a critical appraisal with the AGREE II tool.ResultsOf the 86 CPGs, 34 were published in 2015, 21 in 2016 and 31 in 2017. Of the 86 CPGs, 25 (29%) used the GRADE framework; adherence to GRADE standards was, however, inconsistent and generally poor. The overall methodological quality by AGREE II proved a median of 16.6% (Min 16.6%, Max 50%).ConclusionCPGs produced by CENETEC during this period had a poor adherence to the GRADE framework and low score by AGREE II standards. A concerted initiative could rapidly improve CENETEC guidelines.
Locking plate femur fracture repair in a juvenile Western chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes verus) in Sierra Leone
Authors: Pizzi Romain , Isabel Pizarro Andrea , Mota Julieta , De Martini Catalina , Martinez Pereira Yolanda , Amarasekaran Bala 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis case reports the successful management of a traumatic diaphyseal femoral fracture in an infant Western chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes verus) from a rescue centre in Sierra Leone using a 2.4‐mm intramedullary pin and two 2.7‐mm String of Pearls™locking plates. Locking plate use has not been previously described in chimpanzees.
Uterine cervical squamous cell carcinoma with reactive multinucleated giant cells expressing cluster of differentiation 204: A case report and literature review
Authors: Dejima Mihiro , Hashimoto Hirotsugu , Sasajima Yuko , Nomura Nao , Sugita Masatoshi , Morikawa Teppei 
Published: August 2020

AbstractUterine cervical squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) with reactive multinucleated giant cells (MGC) is extremely rare. Here we present the case of a 49‐year‐old woman treated with radical hysterectomy, bilateral adnexectomy and lymph node dissection. Histologically, the cervical tumor was diagnosed as nonkeratinizing SCC of pT1b1N0M0, with negative surgical margin. Many MGC including osteoclast‐like giant cells with immunohistochemical expression of cluster of differentiation 204, a marker for the M2 macrophage, were present around the tumor nests. The patient received postoperative radiation therapy and achieved 22 months of disease‐free survival after the surgery. M2 macrophages promote aggressiveness of the carcinoma and it is suggested that SCC of the cervix with reactive MGC might have poor prognosis; however, our case paradoxically showed a favorable course. From literature review of six cases, including our case, the effect of MGC‐reaction may vary with respect to other factors, such as age, cancer stage or histological type.
Adoption of Emergency Action Plans in Secondary Schools: A Study of School Nurses' Knowledge and Behavior
Authors: Murata Yuki , Scarneo‐Miller Samantha E. , McMahon Liza J. , Casa Douglas J. 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDThe adoption of an emergency action plan for athletics (AEAP) minimizes the consequences of injuries. School nurses may play an important role in the adoption of an AEAP. The purpose of our study was to describe school nurse's knowledge and perceptions related to AEAP adoption.METHODSAn online survey, following the Precaution‐Adoption Process Model, examining respondents' readiness to act, was distributed to 1228 school nurses to evaluate their knowledge and perception of an AEAP, with N = 131 (10.6%) responding.RESULTSSixty‐one school nurses were unaware of AEAP adoption at their school. A lack of athletic training services at the school was associated with not adopting an AEAP. The most frequently reported barrier to adopting an AEAP related to finances. When nurses reported perceiving more barriers to adopting an AEAP, their schools were less likely to adopt one.CONCLUSIONSA large number of nurses were unaware if their school adopted an AEAP. There is a need to improve nurses' knowledge and perceptions to promote AEAP development.
The Effect of Positive Emotions with Different Arousal Levels on Thought–Action Repertoires1,2
Authors: Sugawara Daichi , Sugie Masashi 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis study examined whether the induction of different states of arousal via positive emotions broadens thought–action repertoires. Sixty‐two Japanese undergraduate and graduate students were randomly assigned to (a) high‐arousal positive emotion, (b) low‐arousal positive emotion, and (c) neutral groups, after which they watched a 3‐min film clip. Participants completed the Affect Grid to confirm their mood state before and after watching the film. Following this, they completed the Twenty Statements Test, which measures thought–action repertoires. A one‐way analysis of variance was conducted on the Twenty Statements Test score. The results showed that high‐arousal positive emotion broadened thought–action repertoires to a greater extent than did low‐arousal positive emotion and the neutral state, while low‐arousal positive emotion broadened such repertoires to a greater extent than did the neutral state. We discuss the different effects of high‐ and low‐arousal positive emotions on thought–action repertoires.
Senna (Cassia) alata (Linn.) Roxb. leaf decoction as a treatment for tinea imbricata in an indigenous tribe in Southern Philippines
Authors: Eusebio‐Alpapara Kathleen May V. , Dofitas Belen L. , Balita‐Crisostomo Cherry Lou A. , Tioleco‐Ver Giselle Marie S. , Jandoc Lilibeth E. , Frez Ma. Lorna F. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundTinea imbricata, a rare form of tinea corporis caused by Trichophyton concentricum, is endemic to the T’boli tribe in the Southern Philippines. Temporary remissions and limited access to antifungal medications make its treatment a pressing public health concern. Anecdotal reports about the use of Senna alata leaf decoction as treatment exist.ObjectiveTo determine the efficacy of community‐prepared S alata leaf decoction in the treatment of tinea imbricata.MethodsTinea imbricata patients were instructed to apply S alata leaf decoction for 4 weeks (28 ± 3 days). Disease severity, pruritus visual analogue scale scores (VAS) and potassium hydroxide (KOH) mounts of skin scrapings were evaluated before and after treatment. Two assessors evaluated disease severity based on photographs. Cohen's kappa statistics were used to assess diagnostic concordance. Adverse drug events were recorded.ResultsTwenty patients were enrolled. After 4 weeks, 95% had decreased pruritus VAS scores, with a mean decreased of 4.05 after treatment (P < .0001). There was a significant difference in disease severity scores before and after treatment (P ≤ .05) with an overall agreement of ‘moderate’ for both assessors (κ = 0.6, 95% CI [0.33, 0.87]). Forty per cent had negative KOH tests after treatment. None had adverse drug events.ConclusionThis is the first study that showed the potential of a community‐prepared leaf decoction as a treatment option for tinea imbricata. Larger clinical trials establishing its efficacy, effectiveness and safety profile are recommended to enable its promotion among the indigenous people and health authorities as an accessible and affordable treatment for tinea imbricata.
The molecular landscape and associated clinical experience in infant medulloblastoma: prognostic significance of second‐generation subtypes
Authors: Hicks D. , Rafiee G. , Schwalbe E. C. , Howell C. I. , Lindsey J. C. , Hill R. M. , Smith A. J. , Adidharma P. , Steel C. , Richardson S. , Pease L. , Danilenko M. , Crosier S. , Joshi A. , Wharton S. B. , Jacques T. S. , Pizer B. , Michalski A. , Williamson D. , Bailey S. , Clifford S. C. 
Published: August 2020

AimsBiomarker‐driven therapies have not been developed for infant medulloblastoma (iMB). We sought to robustly sub‐classify iMB, and proffer strategies for personalized, risk‐adapted therapies.MethodsWe characterized the iMB molecular landscape, including second‐generation subtyping, and the associated retrospective clinical experience, using large independent discovery/validation cohorts (n = 387).ResultsiMBGrp3 (42%) and iMBSHH (40%) subgroups predominated. iMBGrp3 harboured second‐generation subtypes II/III/IV. Subtype II strongly associated with large‐cell/anaplastic pathology (LCA; 23%) and MYC amplification (19%), defining a very‐high‐risk group (0% 10yr overall survival (OS)), which progressed rapidly on all therapies; novel approaches are urgently required. Subtype VII (predominant within iMBGrp4) and subtype IV tumours were standard risk (80% OS) using upfront CSI‐based therapies; randomized‐controlled trials of upfront radiation‐sparing and/or second‐line radiotherapy should be considered. Seventy‐five per cent of iMBSHH showed DN/MBEN histopathology in discovery and validation cohorts (P < 0.0001); central pathology review determined diagnosis of histological variants to WHO standards. In multivariable models, non‐DN/MBEN pathology was associated significantly with worse outcomes within iMBSHH. iMBSHH harboured two distinct subtypes (iMBSHH‐I/II). Within the discriminated favourable‐risk iMBSHH DN/MBEN patient group, iMBSHH‐II had significantly better progression‐free survival than iMBSHH‐I, offering opportunities for risk‐adapted stratification of upfront therapies. Both iMBSHH‐I and iMBSHH‐II showed notable rescue rates (56% combined post‐relapse survival), further supporting delay of irradiation. Survival models and risk factors described were reproducible in independent cohorts, strongly supporting their further investigation and development.ConclusionsInvestigations of large, retrospective cohorts have enabled the comprehensive and robust characterization of molecular heterogeneity within iMB. Novel subtypes are clinically significant and subgroup‐dependent survival models highlight opportunities for biomarker‐directed therapies.