bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrative analysis and validation of dysregulated long non‐coding RNAs in colon cancer
Authors: Zhang Qun , Bian Yinzhu , Zhu Yiping , Wan Li , Kong Linghui , Hu Jing , Yang Mi , Li Li , Liu Baorui , Qian Xiaoping 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIt is an increasing evidence that long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in tumour initiation and progression. Here, we analysed RNA‐sequencing data from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) datasets. Totally, 1176lncRNAs, 245miRNAs and 2081mRNAs were identified to be differentially expressed (DE) in colon cancer tissues compared with normal tissues. CASC21, a novel lncRNA located in 8q24.21 locus, was significantly overexpressed in 30 colon cancer tissues compared with matched normal tissues by qRT‐PCR assay. CASC21 tended to higher expression as the increase of the tumour‐node‐metastasis (TNM) classification. Functionally, CASC21 promoted cell proliferation by regulating cell cycle and enhanced tumour metastasis by epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) in colon cancer. Mechanism study indicated that CASC21 might be involved in activating WNT/β‐catenin pathway in colon cancer. In addition, we also built a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNNA) network by bioinformatic analysis using TCGA datasets. Together, our results not only provide novel lncRNAs as potential candidates for further study but also prove that CASC21 is an oncogenic regulator through activating WNT/β‐catenin signalling in colon cancer.
Novel functions for 2‐phenylbenzimidazole‐5‐sulphonic acid: Inhibition of ovarian cancer cell responses and tumour angiogenesis
Authors: Kim Min Su , Kim Jae Hyeon , Ahn Eun‐Kyung , Cho Young‐Rak , Han Surim , Lee Choong‐Hyun , Bae Gyu‐Un , Oh Joa Sub , Kim Kyu‐Bong , Seo Dong‐Wan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn this study, we investigated the effects and molecular mechanisms of 2‐phenylbenzimidazole‐5‐sulphonic acid (PBSA), an ultraviolet B protecting agent used in sunscreen lotions and moisturizers, on ovarian cancer cell responses and tumour angiogenesis. PBSA treatment markedly blocked mitogen‐induced invasion through down‐regulation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression and activity in ovarian cancer SKOV‐3 cells. In addition, PBSA inhibited mitogen‐induced cell proliferation by suppression of cyclin‐dependent kinases (Cdks), but not cyclins, leading to pRb hypophosphorylation and G1 phase cell cycle arrest. These anti‐cancer activities of PBSA in ovarian cancer cell invasion and proliferation were mediated by the inhibition of mitogen‐activated protein kinase kinase 3/6‐p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MKK3/6‐p38MAPK) activity and subsequent down‐regulation of MMP‐2, MMP‐9, Cdk4, Cdk2 and integrin β1, as evidenced by treatment with p38MAPK inhibitor SB203580. Furthermore, PBSA suppressed the expression and secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor in SKOV‐3 cells, leading to inhibition of capillary‐like tubular structures in vitro and angiogenic sprouting ex vivo. Taken together, our results demonstrate the pharmacological effects and molecular targets of PBSA on modulating ovarian cancer cell responses and tumour angiogenesis, and suggest further evaluation and development of PBSA as a promising chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of ovarian cancer.
Dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids affect volume and metabolism of Drosophila melanogaster sperm
Authors: Guo Ruijian , Reinhardt Klaus 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDietary fatty acids can accumulate in sperm and affect their function in vertebrates. As Drosophila melanogaster shares several pathways of lipid metabolism and shows similar lipid‐dependent phenotypes but lacks some hormones that in vertebrates regulate lipid metabolism, there is currently no clear prediction as to how dietary fatty acids affect the sperm of D. melanogaster. We manipulated the amount and identity of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in the food of D. melanogaster males (a treatment known to affect membrane fluidity) and measured changes in sperm parameters. We found that (a) males reared on food containing PUFA‐rich, plant‐derived lipids showed a slower increase in sperm volume over male age compared to males reared on yeast‐derived lipid food which is richer in saturated fatty acids. (b) The resistance of sperm membrane integrity to osmotic stress was not altered by dietary lipid treatment, but (c) food containing yeast‐derived lipids induced a 46% higher in situ rate of production of reactive oxygen species in sperm cells. These findings show that dietary lipids have similar effects on sperm parameters in Drosophila as in vertebrates, affect some, but not all, sperm parameters and modulate male reproductive ageing. In concert with recent findings of sex‐specific seasonal variation of diet choice in the wild, our results suggest a substantial dietary impact on the dynamics of male reproduction in the wild.
In vitro human skin concentrations following topical application of 2% tranexamic acid in co‐enhancer cream and branded cream formulations
Authors: Ng Sue Phay , Marcant Mira , Davis Adrian Francis 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundMelasma is a common pigmentary disorder that responds well to treatment with oral and/or locally injected tranexamic acid but less so to topical application. We hypothesized that this may be due to an inability of some topical formulations of tranexamic acid to achieve robust therapeutic concentrations at the viable epidermal target site in the skin.AimsTo measure in vitro human epidermal and dermal skin concentrations of tranexamic acid following topical application of Fairence® T‐Complex, co‐enhancer cream and a Japanese branded cream control (“branded”) and compare these with estimates of tranexamic acid potency obtained from in vivo human pharmacokinetic and clinical studies and in vitro pharmacodynamic studies on inhibition of fibrinolysis.MethodsStatic vertical Franz cells and human abdominal skin were used to measure stratum corneum, viable epidermal, and dermal concentrations of tranexamic acid using HPLC‐MS‐MS analysis at 6 and 24 hour periods after topical application.ResultsSkin concentrations of tranexamic acid following application of the co‐enhancer cream were robustly within the concentration range estimated to be required for efficacy at both 6 and 24 hours. Those from the branded cream control were within the lower range at 24 hours.ConclusionsThese preclinical results support the benefits of conducting further studies, including a double‐blind placebo‐controlled clinical study, on Fairence® T‐Complex, co‐enhancer cream in patients with melasma. It is hypothesized that a more robust and timely clinical response may be achieved especially in refractory patients.
Analysis of risk factors of postlaparoscopic shoulder pain
Authors: Wada Shinichiro , Fukushi Yoshiyuki , Nishimura Mai , Matsumoto Sachiko , Takimoto Kanako , Imai Kazuaki , Ota Hajime , Tsuzuki Yoko , Nakajima Ayako , Fujino Takafumi 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAimPostlaparoscopic shoulder pain (SP), mainly caused by pneumoperitoneum with CO2, sometimes suffers patients. This study was aimed to analyze the backgrounds of SP after gynecologic laparoscopy to clarify the risk of SP.MethodsWe analyzed answers of questionnaire about the degree of SP from 696 patients undergoing gynecologic laparoscopic surgery since 2014–2018. The questionnaire asks the degree of SP with numeric rating scale from 0 to 10, before and 3 days after operation. We defined cases in which postoperative score elevated more than three compared to preoperative score as SP(+). Analyzed backgrounds were age, parity, body mass index, operative method, operative duration and amount of hemorrhage. Statistics was performed by Fisher exact analysis as univariate analysis, and with logistic regression as multivariate analysis. All laparoscopic surgeries were performed under 10–12 mmHg in pressure of pneumoperitoneum with CO2.ResultsUnivariate analysis revealed categories ‘less than 50 years old’, and ‘over 2 h’ and ‘over 3 h’ in operative duration resulted significant high rate of SP(+). For these three factors, multivariate analysis resulted that “less than 50 years old’ and ‘over 3 h in operative duration’ were significantly high.ConclusionThis study suggests that ‘less than 50 years’ old and ‘over 3 h in operative duration’ were risk factors of postlaparoscopic SP. To protect from SP after laparoscopy, some countermeasures should be necessary especially for these patients.
Effect of short‐term vitamin D supplementation after nonsurgical periodontal treatment: A randomized, double‐masked, placebo‐controlled clinical trial
Authors: Gao Weimin , Tang Huilin , Wang Danyang , Zhou Xuan , Song Yiqing , Wang Zuomin 
Published: January 2020

AbstractObjectivesThis trial aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of vitamin D supplementation on the residual moderate and deep pockets following nonsurgical periodontal therapy.BackgroundVitamin D supplementation has potential effects on periodontitis, but current evidence remains inconclusive.MethodsAfter 3 months of nonsurgical periodontal treatment, 360 patients with moderate or severe periodontitis were randomly assigned to 2000 international unit (IU)/d vitamin D3, 1000 IU/d vitamin D3, or placebo. Clinical periodontal examinations, including probing depth (PD), bleeding index (BI), plaque index (PLI), attachment loss (AL), and alveolar crest height (ACH), were performed at baseline and after 3 months of intervention.ResultsThere was a slight but significant decrease in AL and PD in both vitamin D groups compared with placebo group for moderate and deep pockets. About 2000 IU/d vitamin D3 group, 1000 IU/d vitamin D3 group, and placebo group all decreased the AL for both moderate pockets (−0.4 mm vs −0.4 mm vs −0.3 mm) and deep pockets (−1.1 mm vs −1.1 mm vs −1.0 mm) (allP < .05). Similarly, PD was also decreased in these three groups for both moderate pockets and deep pockets (allP < .05). In addition, vitamin D supplementation was well tolerated, and no adverse events were reported.ConclusionsAlthough statistically significant differences were observed in favor to vitamin D supplementation, the magnitude of effect size tended to be modest with limited clinical relevance and the long‐term efficacy and safety warrant further investigation.
Inflammasomes and their regulation in periodontal disease: A review
Authors: Aral Kübra , Milward Michael R. , Kapila Yvonne , Berdeli Afig , Cooper Paul R. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractInterleukin‐1β (IL‐1β), which is secreted by host tissues leading to periodontal tissue inflammation, is a major pro‐inflammatory cytokine in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease. The conversion of pro‐IL‐1β into its biologically active form is controlled by multiprotein complexes named as inflammasomes, which are key regulator of host defense mechanisms and inflammasome involved diseases, including the periodontal diseases. Inflammasomes are regulated by different proteins and processes, including pyrin domain (PYD)‐only proteins (POPs), CARD‐only proteins (COPs), tripartite motif family proteins (TRIMs), autophagy, and interferons. A review of in vitro, in vivo, and clinical data from these publications revealed that several inflammasomes including (NOD)‐like receptor (NLR) pyrin domain‐containing 3 (NLRP3) and absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) have been found to be involved in periodontal disease pathogenesis. To the best of our knowledge, the current article provides the first review of the literature focusing on studies that evaluated both inflammasomes and their regulators in periodontal disease. An upregulation for inflammasomes and a downregulation of inflammasome regulator proteins including POPs, COPs, and TRIMs have been reported in periodontal disease. Although interferons (types I and II) and autophagy have been found to be involved in periodontal disease, their possible role in inflammasome activation has not evaluated yet. Modulating the excessive inflammatory response by the use of inflammasome regulators may have potential in the management of periodontal disease.
Intuitive Interference in Geometry: An Eye‐Tracking Study
Authors: Galili Hanit , Babai Reuven , Stavy Ruth 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTInterference of irrelevant salient variables may cause difficulties for students. This study focused on eye tracking during the comparison of perimeters task, in which area is the interfering irrelevant salient variable. There were three trial types: congruent (larger area—larger perimeter), incongruent inverse (larger area—smaller perimeter), and incongruent equal (larger area—equal perimeter). Behavioral findings corroborated previous studies: congruent trials yielded higher accuracy and a shorter reaction time than did incongruent trials. Surprisingly, the area saliency could not be revealed in fixation location and duration measurements in incongruent inverse trials nor in the heat maps for incongruent inverse or incongruent equal trials, suggesting that such processing does not require overt attention; measures of attention shift from one geometrical shape to another were higher for incongruent equal trials, as was pupil dilation, suggesting that greater effort is associated with solving incongruent equal trials.
Independent domestication events in the blue‐cheese fungus Penicillium roqueforti
Authors: Dumas Emilie , Feurtey Alice , Rodríguez de la Vega Ricardo C. , Le Prieur Stéphanie , Snirc Alodie , Coton Monika , Thierry Anne , Coton Emmanuel , Le Piver Mélanie , Roueyre Daniel , Ropars Jeanne , Branca Antoine , Giraud Tatiana 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDomestication provides an excellent framework for studying adaptive divergence. Using population genomics and phenotypic assays, we reconstructed the domestication history of the blue cheese mould Penicillium roqueforti. We showed that this fungus was domesticated twice independently. The population used in Roquefort originated from an old domestication event associated with weak bottlenecks and exhibited traits beneficial for pre‐industrial cheese production (slower growth in cheese and greater spore production on bread, the traditional multiplication medium). The other cheese population originated more recently from the selection of a single clonal lineage, was associated with all types of blue cheese worldwide except Roquefort, and displayed phenotypes more suited for industrial cheese production (high lipolytic activity, efficient cheese cavity colonization ability and salt tolerance). We detected genomic regions affected by recent positive selection and putative horizontal gene transfers. This study sheds light on the processes of rapid adaptation and raises questions about genetic resource conservation.
Gender‐specific effects of raising Year‐1 standards on medical students' academic performance and stress levels
Authors: Stegers‐Jager Karen M. , Savas Mesut , van der Waal Jeroen , van Rossum Elisabeth F. C. , Woltman Andrea M. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractContextMedical schools are challenged to create academic environments that stimulate students to improve their study progress without compromising their well‐being.ObjectivesThis prospective comparative cohort study investigated the effects of raising Year‐1 standards on academic performance and on students' chronic psychological and biological stress levels.MethodsIn a Dutch medical school, students within the last Bachelor's degree cohort (n = 410) exposed to the 40/60 (67%) credit Year‐1 standard (67%‐credit cohort) were compared with students within the first cohort (n = 413) exposed to a 60/60 (100%) credit standard (100%‐credit cohort). Main outcome measures were Year‐1 pass rate (academic performance), mean score on the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS, psychological stress) and hair cortisol concentration (HCC, biological stress).ResultsYear‐1 pass rates were significantly higher in the 100%‐credit cohort (odds ratio [OR] 4.65). Interestingly, there was a significant interaction effect (OR 0.46), indicating that raising the standard was more effective for male than for female students. PSS scores (n = 234 [response rate [RR]: 57%] and n = 244 [RR: 59%] in the 67%‐ and 100%‐credit cohorts, respectively) were also significantly higher in the 100%‐credit cohort (F(1,474) = 15.08, P < .001). This applied specifically to female students in the 100%‐credit cohort. Levels of HCC (n = 181 [RR: 44%] and n = 162 [RR: 39%] respectively) did not differ between cohorts, but were significantly higher in female students (F(1,332) = 7.93, P < .01). In separate models including cohort and gender, both PSS score (OR 0.91) and HCC (OR 0.38) were significantly associated with Year‐1 performance. Only students with both high PSS scores and high HCC values were significantly at risk of lower Year‐1 pass rates (OR 0.27), particularly male students.ConclusionsRaising the Year‐1 performance standard increased academic performance, most notably in male students. However, it also increased levels of perceived stress, especially in female students. In particular, the combination of high levels of perceived stress and biological stress, as measured by long‐term cortisol, was related to poor academic performance. The study suggests a relationship between raising performance standards and student well‐being, with differential effects in male and female students.
Synthetic biology of hypoxia
Authors: Licausi Francesco , Giuntoli Beatrice 
Published: January 2020

SummarySynthetic biology can greatly aid the investigation of fundamental regulatory mechanisms and enable their direct deployment in the host organisms of choice. In the field of plant hypoxia physiology, a synthetic biology approach has recently been exploited to infer general properties of the plant oxygen sensing mechanism, by expression of plant‐specific components in yeast. Moreover, genetic sensors have been devised to report cellular oxygen levels or physiological parameters associated with hypoxia, and orthogonal switches have been introduced in plants to trigger oxygen‐specific responses. Upcoming applications are expected, such as genetic tailoring of oxygen‐responsive traits, engineering of plant hypoxic metabolism and oxygen delivery to hypoxic tissues, and expansion of the repertoire of genetically encoded oxygen sensors.
Cumulative incidence of Kawasaki disease with cardiac sequelae in Japan
Authors: Matsubara Yuri , Matsubara Daisuke , Ae Ryusuke , Kosami Koki , Aoyama Yasuko , Yashiro Mayumi , Makino Nobuko , Matsubara Shigeki , Nakamura Yosikazu 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundSome patients with Kawasaki disease (KD) develop cardiac sequelae, which increase the risk of subsequent ischemic heart events. Knowing the cumulative incidence (CI) of KD with cardiac sequelae may contribute to developing health policies to prevent subsequent ischemic events in these patients.MethodsStudy participants consisted of 254 984 patients aged 0–9 years with KD who were registered in nationwide surveys in Japan from 1991–2016. We calculated the incidence probabilities by dividing the number of patients with KD aged 0–9 years by the population used in vital statistics of each calendar year. We calculated the cumulative proportion of those not affected by KD, by multiplying each probability in patients aged from age 0–9 years. The CI of KD was obtained by subtracting this value from 1. We also calculated the number of patients in each birth cohort (BC). The same was done to calculate the CI of KD‐related cardiac sequelae.ResultsThe CIBC steadily increased from 0.005067 in males and 0.003668 in females in 1991 to 0.011431 in males and 0.0088253 in females in 2007. The CIBC of KD with cardiac sequelae decreased from 0.000478 in males and 0.000213 in females in 1997 to 0.000339 in males and 0.000169 in females in 2007.ConclusionThe increasing CIBC of KD indicates an increased susceptibility to KD in accordance with birth year. The decreasing CIBC of cardiac sequelae suggests the efficacy of KD treatment.
Differences in caesarean delivery and neonatal outcomes among women of migrant origin in Finland: A population‐based study
Authors: Bastola Kalpana , Koponen Päivikki , Gissler Mika , Kinnunen Tarja I. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundIn Finland, limited information is available on neonatal disparities among women of migrant origin.ObjectiveThis study investigated differences in caesarean delivery and neonatal outcomes between women of migrant origin and Finnish women in Finland.MethodsThe study was based on nationwide data from the Medical Birth Register of Finland. Our study included information on the most recent singleton birth of women delivering between January 2004 and December 2014 (N = 382 233). Women were classified into nine regional categories based on their country of origin. Generalized linear models were used to describe associations between country of origin and pregnancy outcomes adjusted for maternal age, socio‐economic status, pre‐pregnancy body mass index, parity, marital status, smoking during pregnancy, and delivery year. Finnish women were the reference group.ResultsAmong the study population, almost 92% of women were of Finnish origin; the remaining 8% were of migrant origin. Among the migrant women, those of Russian/former USSR origin were the largest group (n = 11 994); the smallest group was women of Latin American/Caribbean origin (n = 739). Compared with Finnish women, women of sub‐Saharan African, South Asian, and East Asian origin were at greater risk of emergency caesarean delivery, preterm birth, low birthweight, and lower five‐minute Apgar scores for newborns. Latin American/Caribbean‐origin women were at increased risk of both elective and emergency caesarean delivery and lower five‐minute Apgar scores compared with Finnish women. Women of Russian/former USSR origin overall had a lower risk of caesarean delivery and poor neonatal outcomes compared with Finnish women.ConclusionsWe identified sub‐Saharan African, South Asian, and East Asian women as higher‐risk groups, and women from Russia/former USSR as a lower‐risk group, for emergency caesarean delivery and poor neonatal outcome compared with Finnish women. More research is needed to identify the reasons for these differences by country of origin in Finland.