bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acidic pH reducesVibrio choleraemotility in mucus by weakening flagellar motor torque
Authors: Nhu Nguyen T. Q. , Wang Helen J. , Dufour Yann S. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIntestinal mucus is the first line of defense against intestinal pathogens. It acts as a physical barrier between the epithelial tissues and luminal microbes. Enteropathogens, such asVibrio cholerae, must compromise or circumvent the mucus barrier to establish a successful infection. We investigated how motileV. choleraeis able to penetrate mucus using single cell tracking in unprocessed porcine intestinal mucus. We found that changes in pH within the range of what has been measured in the human small intestine indirectly affectV. choleraeflagellar motor torque, and consequently, mucus penetration. Microrheological measurements indicate that the viscoelasticity of mucus does not change substantially within the physiological pH range and that commercially available mucins do not form gels when rehydrated. Finally, we found that besides the reduction in motor torque, El Tor and Classical biotypes have different responses to acidic pH. For El Tor, acidic pH promotes surface attachment that is mediated by activation of the mannose-sensitive haemagglutinin (MshA) pilus without a measurable change in the total cellular concentration of the secondary messenger cyclic dimeric guanosine monophosphate (c-di-GMP). Overall, our results support that the high torque ofV. choleraeflagellar motor is critical for mucus penetration and that the pH gradient in the small intestine is likely an important factor in determining the preferred site of infection.Author summaryThe diarrheal disease cholera is still a burden for populations in developing countries with poor sanitation. To develop effective vaccines and prevention strategies againstVibrio cholerae, we must understand the initial steps of infection leading to the colonization of the small intestine. To infect the host and deliver the cholera toxin,V. choleraehas to penetrate the mucus layer protecting the intestinal tissues. However,V. cholerae’sinteractions with intestinal mucus has not been extensively investigated. In this report, we demonstrate using single cell tracking thatV. choleraeis able to penetrate native intestinal mucus using flagellar motility. In addition, we found that a strong motor torque is required for mucus penetration and, that torque is weakened in acidic environments even though the motor is powered by a sodium potential. This finding has important implications for understanding the dynamics of infection because pH varies significantly along the small intestine, between individuals, and between species. Blocking mucus penetration by interfering withV. cholerae’sflagellar motility, reinforcing the mucosa, controlling intestinal pH, or manipulating the intestinal microbiome, will offer new strategies to fight cholera.
The Vitamin D Receptor (VDR) Regulates Mitochondrial Function in C2C12 Myoblasts
Authors: Ashcroft Stephen P. , Bass Joseph J. , Kazi Abid A. , Atherton Philip J. , Philp Andrew 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTVitamin D deficiency has been linked to a reduction in skeletal muscle function and oxidative capacity, however, the mechanistic basis of these impairments are poorly understood. The biological actions of vitamin D are carried out via the binding of 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1α,25(OH)2D3) to the vitamin D receptor (VDR). Recent evidence has linked 1α,25(OH)2D3 to the regulation of skeletal muscle mitochondrial function in vitro, however, little is known with regard to the role of the VDR in this process. To examine the regulatory role of the VDR in skeletal muscle mitochondrial function, we utilised lentiviral mediated shRNA silencing of the VDR in C2C12 myoblasts (VDR-KD) and examined mitochondrial respiration and protein content compared to shRNA scrambled control. VDR protein content was reduced by ~95% in myoblasts and myotubes (P < 0.001). VDR-KD myoblasts displayed a 30%, 30% and 36% reduction in basal, coupled and maximal respiration respectively (P < 0.05). This phenotype was maintained in VDR-KD myotubes, displaying a 34%, 33% and 48% reduction in basal, coupled and maximal respiration (P < 0.05). Furthermore, ATP production derived from oxidative phosphorylation (ATPox) was reduced by 20% suggesting intrinsic impairments within the mitochondria following VDR-KD. However, despite the observed functional decrements, mitochondrial protein content as well as markers of fusion and fission were unchanged. In summary, we highlight a direct role for the VDR in regulating skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiration in vitro, providing a potential mechanism as to how vitamin D deficiency might impact upon skeletal muscle oxidative capacity.
A conserved translation factor is required for optimal synthesis of a membrane protein family in mycobacteria
Authors: Fishbein Skye R.S. , Wolf Ian D. , Dulberger Charles L. , Wang Albert , Keshishian Hasmik , Wallace Luke , Carr Steven A. , Ioerger Thomas R. , Rego E. Hesper , Rubin Eric J. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractRibosomes require the activity of associated GTPases to synthesize proteins. Despite strong evolutionary conservation, the roles of many of these remain unknown. For example, LepA (also known as elongation factor 4) is a ribosome-associated GTPase found in bacteria, mitochondria, and chloroplasts, yet its physiological contribution to cell survival is not clear. Recently, we found that loss of lepA in Mycobacterium smegmatis (Msm) altered tolerance to rifampin, a drug that targets a non-ribosomal cellular process. To uncover the determinants of LepA-mediated drug tolerance, we characterized the whole-cell proteomes and transcriptomes of a lepA deletion mutant relative to a wild-type strain. We find that LepA is important for the steady-state abundance of an outer membrane porin, which is integral to nutrient uptake and drug susceptibility. Loss of LepA leads to a decreased amount of porin in the membrane, resulting in the drug tolerance phenotype of the lepA mutant. LepA control requires a sequence motif in the 5’ region of the porin transcript. Thus, LepA controls the abundance of specific proteins, likely through its activity during translation.ImportanceOur understanding of how ribosomes properly synthesis an entire cellular proteome, in all its complexity, is still evolving. Ribosomal GTPases are often highly conserved, but the roles of many are not well understood. For example, elongation factor 4, or LepA, is a ribosome-associated GTPase conserved across bacteria, mitochondria, and chloroplasts. Using whole-cell proteomics and RNA-sequencing of wild type and a lepA deletion mutant, we find that LepA improves translation of mycobacterial porins in a message-specific manner. As porins play a key role in cell wall permeability, loss of LepA produces a plethora of phenotypic changes. These findings underline the problem of building proteins into a complex cell wall, such as that of mycobacteria, and point to a solution in the use of GTPases such as LepA, that have evolved to aid in specific protein synthesis.
Towards a systematic map of the functional role of protein phosphorylation
Authors: Viéitez Cristina , Busby Bede P. , Ochoa David , Mateus André , Galardini Marco , Jawed Areeb , Memon Danish , Potel Clement M. , Vonesch Sibylle C. , Tu Chelsea Szu , Shahraz Mohammed , Stein Frank , Steinmetz Lars M. , Savitski Mikhail M. , Typas Athanasios , Beltrao Pedro 
Published: December 2019

AbstractPhosphorylation is a critical post-translational modification involved in the regulation of almost all cellular processes. However, less than 5% of thousands of recently discovered phosphorylation sites have a known function. Here, we devised a chemical genetic approach to study the functional relevance of phosphorylation in S. cerevisiae. We generated 474 phospho-deficient mutants that, along with the gene deletion library, were screened for fitness in 102 conditions. Of these, 42% exhibited growth phenotypes, suggesting these phosphosites are likely functional. We inferred their function based on the similarity of their growth profiles with that of gene deletions, and validated a subset by thermal proteome profiling and lipidomics. While some phosphomutants showed loss-of-function phenotypes, a higher fraction exhibited phenotypes not seen in the corresponding gene deletion suggestive of a gain-of-function effect. For phosphosites conserved in humans, the severity of the yeast phenotypes is indicative of their human functional relevance. This study provides a roadmap for functionally characterizing phosphorylation in a systematic manner.
Marketability, profitability, and profit-loss sharing: evidence from sharia banking in Indonesia
Authors: Abbas Ahmad , Arizah Ainun 
Published: December 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to analyze marketability constructed from market share and concentration and to test its effect on the profitability and the mediation effects of profit‒loss sharing under stewardship theory.

Design/methodology/approach
This research employs data of financial statements published by ten sharia commercial banks listed in the Indonesia Financial Services Authority during the period 2011–2016. The data are analyzed into path analysis model using multiple mediators.

Findings
The result reveals that sharia banks’ marketability in Indonesia tends to be low. Based on the test of significance through Partial Least Square, it is found that marketability has a positive effect on the level of profitability, indicating that market share and concentration of sharia banks positively lead the change on the level of Return on Asset and Return on Equity. This paper further identifies the mediation effects emerged through mudharabah and musharakah. The results point out that mudharabah has a partial effect and musharakah has a competitive effect on the relationship between market share and profitability.

Practical implications
This paper can be a decision-maker for Central Bank and Financial Services Authority for encouraging sharia banks to enhance the power market through the mode of finances with profit‒loss sharing.

Originality/value
The growth of sharia banks is currently becoming highlight of the literature of sharia banks. This paper provides insights into stewardship theory that sharia banking management provides the concept of the alignment of interest.
Mobile shopping platform characteristics as consumer behavior determinants
Authors: Liu Yang , Li Qi , Edu Tudor , Jozsa Laszlo , Negricea Iliuta Costel 
Published: December 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to appraise the impact of mobile shopping platform characteristics on consumer’s emotions, the relationship between emotions and their impact on impulsive buying.Design/methodology/approachMobile shopping platform characteristics were grouped into five dimensions: information, entertainment, personalization, visuality and economic benefits, and integrated in a model built on the Stimulus-organism-response theory to evaluate the influence on arousal (excitement) and pleasure, the relationship between arousal and pleasure and their impact on impulsive buying. In total, 303 valid questionnaires were collected from Chinese mobile shoppers. The research hypotheses were tested through confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling.FindingsEntertainment and personalization had significant positive influences on consumer’s arousal and pleasure. Information, visuality and economic benefits had significant positive influences on consumer’s arousal. Arousal had a significant positive impact on consumer’s pleasure. Arousal and pleasure had significant positive influences on impulsive buying.Research limitations/implicationsNew insights can be obtained by investigating other consumer’s profiles. The model can be improved by including other mobile platform characteristics (product availability, platform ease-of-use and interactivity) and broadening the impulsive buying perspective through assessing flow experience and virtual atmosphere.Practical implicationsMarketing strategies are proposed based on the mobile platform characteristics and considering Chinese customer values, for generating positive emotions and impulsive buying.Originality/valueThis study enriches the literature by recommending a classification for mobile shopping platform characteristics and proposing a model to investigate the characteristics, emotions and impulsive buying nexus.
The effects of creator credibility and backer endorsement in donation crowdfunding campaigns success
Authors: Bukhari Farasat Ali Shah , Usman Sardar Muhammad , Usman Muhammad , Hussain Khalid 
Published: December 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of creator credibility and backer endorsement on the levels of donation to crowdfunding campaigns in a focal muslim community and to determine the success factors of projects in developing and developed countries.

Design/methodology/approach
This research adopts a quantitative approach, utilizing 223 crowdfunding projects from LaunchGood to examine the expected connections. The crowdfunding projects in the distinctive data set (Ramadan) are similar, permitting exploration of the role of creator credibility and backer endorsement in a unique context of religious-based crowdfunding activity.

Findings
Creators’ credibility and backers’ endorsements are decisive factors in crowdfunding success. Results from an additional test related to location (developing and developed countries) suggest that creators’ credibility is more important than backers’ endorsements, especially in developing countries.

Research limitations/implications
The projects used in the data set are homogenous and take place in a specific context. The limited number of available observations influences the testing function and capacity of the models and variables. Further, the investigation is related to a specific community, so might not be applicable to all communities.

Social implications
Potential supporters from the community are vital for the success of crowdfunding projects. This study informs campaign efforts in a religious community by stressing the importance of creators’ credibility and backers’ endorsements. The study also sheds light on factors that affect crowdfunding success in developing and developed countries.

Originality/value
This study helps to explain successful crowdfunding practices in donation-based crowdfunding projects within a religious community context. Results improve scholars’ ability to comprehend individuals’ supporting behavior, providing empirical evidence of creators’ credibility and backers’ endorsement on project success. The study also addresses the determinants of crowdfunding success in developing and developed countries.
How does IT capability affect open innovation performance? The mediating effect of absorptive capacity
Authors: Wu Suming , Ding Xiuhao , Liu Ruihong , Gao Hui 
Published: December 2019

PurposeOpen innovation and information systems have been key topics in the theoretical domain, but little empirical research thoroughly examines how information technology (IT) capability affects open innovation performance. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between IT capability and open innovation performance and to expose the inner mechanism at the firm level.Design/methodology/approachThis paper collected firm-level data in China; 232 usable questionnaires from different firms were collected. Then, the study used a structural equation model by AMOS for hypothesis testing.FindingsThe results indicate that both internal IT capability and external IT capability have positive impacts on open innovation performance; potential absorptive capacity and realized absorptive capacity mediate the relationship between external IT capability and open innovation performance. Additionally, realized absorptive capacity plays a mediating role in the relationship between internal IT capability and open innovation performance.Practical implicationsThese findings indicate that practitioners should pay attention to the important relationship between absorptive capacity and IT capability and open innovation performance in Chinese businesses.Originality/valueExisting research has emphasized the influence of IT on open innovation, but empirical studies have not thoroughly focused on the inner mechanisms of the effect of IT capability on open innovation performance. Drawing on firm capability theory, this paper classifies IT capability as internal and external IT capability and absorptive capacity as potential and realized absorptive capacity. Then, this paper confirms the mediating role of absorptive capacity between IT capability and open innovation performance.
The impact that exposure to digital fabrication technology has on student entrepreneurial intentions
Authors: Monllor Javier , Soto-Simeone Aracely 
Published: December 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the role exposure to digital fabrication technology plays in the development of students’ entrepreneurial self-efficacy (ESE) and intentions.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from 131 students enrolled in a business administration undergraduate program at a large Midwestern university in the USA. Data were analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling.FindingsResults provide evidence on how exposure to and hands-on experience with digital manufacturing technology in universities can have a positive impact on students’ ESE and intentions to become entrepreneurs.Practical implicationsResults support initiatives by business schools and entrepreneurship programs to invest in digital manufacturing technology as they help increase students’ confidence in their technological and entrepreneurial abilities.Originality/valueThis is the first study that directly looks at the role that exposure to digital technology in a business and entrepreneurship education program has on students’ ESE and intentions.
Natives’ skills and attitudes towards immigrants: evidence from 20 OECD countries
Authors: Kim Seong Hee 
Published: December 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine whether natives’ attitudes toward immigration is associated with an influx of high- and low-skilled immigrants. The current research focuses on selected 20 OECD countries as destination countries.

Design/methodology/approach
A pseudo-panel based on age cohort is constructed to control for the potential unobservable individual characteristics. The random effects and within estimators (where applicable) are applied in the panel-data setting.

Findings
Regression results indicate that natives’ attitudes depend on their labor market exposure and skill type. Low-skill immigrant inflows are negatively associated with natives’ attitudes, but the magnitude is reduced proportionally to their share of the high skilled. The association between immigrant flows and attitudes is particularly strong for the prime-age cohorts, which can be explained by the labor market competition mechanism.

Research limitations/implications
Given the data limitations, not all destination countries could be analyzed but only selected OECD countries. However, this situation has resulted in the sample destination countries sharing similar characteristics with advanced economies.

Originality/value
Although the majority of previous studies are based on survey questions on attitudes toward immigrants with respective skill type, the current study focuses on the effects of the actual immigration flows. Natives’ attitudes respond sensitively to the actual changes in the number of migrants. The selection of OECD countries makes the characteristics of the destination countries substantially homogeneous.
Green recruitment and selection: an insight into green patterns
Authors: Pham Do Dieu Thu , Paillé Pascal 
Published: December 2019

PurposeAlthough the role of green recruitment and selection (GRS) has been widely recognised as an important dimension of green human resource management, no study has ever mapped the terrain of GRS and reviewed the literature. The purpose of this paper is to fill this gap while exploring the following questions: How do organisations select candidates in line with their pro-environmental stance? What impact do a company’s corporate environmental sustainability (CES) practices have on attracting pro-environmental job seekers?Design/methodology/approachThis paper provides a systematic review of 22 peer-reviewed articles published during the period 2008–2017. The articles were included in the review if they addressed at least one of the two research questions.FindingsSome companies choose to apply green criteria when selecting candidates while others do not. In any case, communicating a company’s environmental values and orientation is worth practicing during GRS. Previous studies have identified four mediators (anticipated pride, perceived value fit, expectation of favourable treatment, perceived organisational green reputation/prestige) that intervene between signals of a company’s CES and a job seeker’s perceptions of organisational attractiveness. However, the strength of this effect is influenced by five moderators (pro-environmental attitude, socio-environmental consciousness, desire to have a significant impact through one’s work, environmental-related standard registration, job seeker’s expertise).Originality/valueThis paper provides the first systematic review of GRS and thus paves the way for future research.
The role of thriving at work and overall fairness in the future work self–employee creativity relationship
Authors: Yang Yang , Li Zhongqiu , Su Yingying , Zhang Xue 
Published: December 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyze why and when the future work self affects employee creativity.Design/methodology/approachSurvey data were collected from 171 supervisor–employee dyads in four Chinese enterprises.FindingsThe results indicate that the future work self has a positive effect on employee creativity. Further, thriving at work mediates the links between the future work self and employee creativity. The authors also theorize that overall fairness moderates the positive effects of the future work self on thriving at work and employee creativity.Originality/valueThe study supports the self-determination perspective regarding the future work self and strengthens the application of this perspective in an effort to understand the relationship between the future work self and employee creativity.