Generating Value from Underground Gas Storage by Improved Reservoir Characterisation and Structural Reinterpretation of Mature Carbonate Fields in the Middle East
Authors: Robert Matthew J. , Saradva Harshil , Golaco Christna , Jain Siddharth , Mills Karen Louise 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
SNOC embarked on an ambitious project to extract maximum value out of its mature fractured carbonate fields by converting them to underground gas storage facilities. This required the integration of a multitude of new and legacy data including new seismic acquisition, advanced processing and interpretation along with geophysical modelling, PVT, petrophysical and injection/pressure profiles to develop a robust reservoir model for the Moveyeid gas-condensate field. Enabling the operator to use this tool for advanced gas storage simulation predictions and to quantify risk in field development strategy to maximize condensate recovery while minimizing cushion gas volumes.
Various seismic frequency cubes and survey vintages were used to delineate the Moveyeid structure and map top Shuaiba formation within the Thamama carbonates of Onshore Sharjah. Legacy wireline logs were reinterpreted using new multi-log workflows, providing inputs for static model development. As a mature field, in production for over 35+ years, cumulative produced volumes were used as an additional control, creating several iterations until achieving a match that honoured the geology. PTA, RFT and PLT were integrated in the model to quantify flow change over time.
Advanced imaging revealed a north-South trending normal fault that segmented the field in to two, with all existing wells located on the up-thrown eastern block. Volumetric determination revealed that the eastern block alone was not sufficient to match hydrocarbons produced to date in any static scenario modelled. This was achieved with the inclusion of the western block and an unchanged gas-water contact. The new static model developed is more robust, with an enhanced layering configuration and property arrays that better reflect input data. Benefits were also seen during dynamic simulation where lower property multipliers were applied during history matching. Optimizing the layering and using block parallel computing power enabled the team to considerably reduce runtimes and produce an array of scenarios. The model was put to the test when the gas injection pilot project was commissioned in 2017 with low-pressure injection up to 2020, yielding a well performance accuracy within 5% of actual rates. Optimizing the strategy was essential in reducing planned cushion gas requirements by up to 20% for meeting the production target in the depleted reservoir, improving the project's capex.
Utilising a combination of new and legacy data, a depleted gas-condensate carbonate reservoir has been successfully modelled. The model is being used as a tool to formulate the strategy and effectively define the field's suitability for gas storage and enhanced condensate recovery. This paper provides a case study for how these strategies can be implemented in other Middle Eastern analogues where gas storage in mature fields can act as a strategic tool for energy security.