bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The possible effect of silver nanoparticles on glyceraldehyde‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase activity and formation of amyloid‐like aggregates in MCF‐7 cell line
Authors: Davoudi Maryam , Moradi‐Sardareh Hemen , Emamgholipour Solaleh , Nabatchian Fariba , Paknejad Maliheh 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSilver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are widely used in medicine, however, the underlying mechanisms of their action on cellular signaling have not been completely determined, and fundamental studies are required to clarify them. We aimed to investigate AgNPs effects on glyceraldehyde‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) as both the internal control gene and the redox‐sensitive enzyme involved in apoptosis‐related pathways and the formation of amyloid aggregates. To achieve this purpose, MCF‐7 cells were treated with different concentrations (0, 3, 22, and 200 μg/ml) of AgNPs and then cell viability, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), induction of apoptosis, expression of GAPDH gene, the formation of amyloid aggregates, and GAPDH activity were assessed. The results indicated that treatment with AgNPs significantly reduced cell viability and increased apoptosis in a dose‐dependent manner. The ROS levels increased at lower concentrations of AgNPs (up to 22 μg/ml) and during short‐term exposure (30 min). The level of GAPDH gene expression was significantly upregulated by 1.22, 1.47, and 1.56 fold, in the concentrations of 3, 22, and 200 μg/ml, respectively. The amount of amyloid aggregates was significantly increased in a dose‐dependent manner. The results of enzyme activity showed that AgNPs were affected on the activity of GAPDH protein, however, it has fluctuated that could not be interpreted by our limited data. In conclusion, our results suggested that AgNPs could affect the GAPDH gene expression and enzyme activity, therefore the selection of GAPDH as a gene and protein internal control in the (AgNPs)‐related studies requires careful consideration. Additionally, AgNPs may cause apoptosis due to the increase in the production of amyloid aggregates.
Dig deeper when it does not make sense: Juvenile xanthomas due to sitosterolemia
Authors: Kiss Sharmila , Lee Joy Yaplito , Pitt James , MacGregor Duncan , Wallace Jane , Marty Melanie , Brown Natasha J. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSitosterolemia is an extremely rare autosomal recessive disease caused by mutations in either ABCG5 or ABCG8, which encode for a sterol efflux transporter (sterolin) that pumps sterols out into the intestinal lumen or into bile. This leads to progressive accumulation of plant sterols in blood and tissues. Clinical presentation is variable and may include xanthoma, arthritis, thyroid dysfunction, premature atherosclerotic disease, splenomegaly, and hematologic manifestations. We report a child presented with multiple xanthomas at age 5.5 years, located on the elbow, knee, and toe. Juvenile xanthogranuloma was considered based on histopathologic findings. At 8 years of age, a lipid profile showed markedly elevated total cholesterol (9.4 mmol/L) and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C, 7.4 mmol/L). Simvastatin therapy was initiated, however, the lipid profile was persistently abnormal. At age 8.5 years, genetic testing identified two novel variants: (NM_022437.3[ABCG8]:c.1444del;p.Leu482Trpfs*40) and (NM_022437.3[ABCG8]:c.1640T>C;p.Leu547Pro) in the ABCG8 gene. Plasma sitosterol was subsequently found to be very high, confirming the diagnosis. She was started on a low plant sterol and cholesterol diet for 6 weeks with insignificant response and therefore ezetimibe (10 mg daily) was added. This resulted in significant reduction of cholesterol, LDL, sitosterol levels, and no further increase in the size of the xanthomas. This case emphasizes the diagnostic odyssey, the benefits of genomic testing and importance of a correct diagnosis in order to initiate appropriate therapy. It also illustrates the importance of considering rare conditions, such as sitosterolemia, as a differential diagnosis in patients with hypercholesterolemia and increased LDL‐C.
Geographical reconstruction of the SARS‐CoV‐2 outbreak in Lombardy (Italy) during the early phase
Authors: Micheli Valeria , Rimoldi Sara G. , Romeri Francesca , Comandatore Francesco , Mancon Alessandro , Gigantiello Anna , Perini Matteo , Mileto Davide , Pagani Cristina , Lombardi Alessandra , Gismondo Maria R. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe first identification of autochthonous transmission of SARS‐CoV‐2 in Italy was documented by the Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Virology and Bioemergencies of L. Sacco Hospital (Milano, Italy) on 20th February 2020 in a 38 years old male patient, who was found positive for pneumonia at the Codogno Hospital. Thereafter Lombardy has reported the highest prevalence of COVID‐19 cases in the country, especially in Milano, Brescia and Bergamo provinces. The aim of this study was to assess the potential presence of different viral clusters belonging to the six main provinces involved in Lombardy COVID‐19 cases in order to highlight peculiar province‐dependent viral characteristics. A phylogenetic analysis was conducted on 20 full length genomes obtained from patients addressing to several Lombard hospitals from February 20th to April 4th, 2020, aligned with 41 Italian viral genome assemblies available on GISAID database as of 30th March, 2020: two main monophyletic clades, containing 8 and 53 isolates, respectively, were identified. Noteworthy, Bergamo isolates mapped inside the small clade harbouring M gene D3G mutation. The molecular clock analysis estimated a cluster divergence approximately one month before the first patient identification, supporting the hypothesis that different SARS‐CoV‐2 strains had spread worldwide at different times, but their presence became evident only in late February along with Italian epidemic emergence. Therefore, this epidemiological reconstruction suggests that virus initial circulation in Lombardy was ascribable to multiple introduction. The phylogenetic reconstruction robustness, however, will be improved when more genomic sequences are available, in order to guarantee a complete epidemiological surveillance.
Liver resection of hepatocellular carcinoma within and beyond the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer guideline recommendations: Results from a high‐volume liver surgery center in East Asia
Authors: Liu Yueh‐Wei , Yong Chee‐Chien , Lin Chih‐Che , Wang Chih‐Chi , Chen Chao‐Long , Cheng Yu‐Fan , Wang Jing‐Houng , Yen Yi‐Hao , Chen Chien‐Hung 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) guidelines were updated in 2012, and a single large hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) more than 5 cm was regarded as BCLC stage A rather than B in the updated version. In this study, we sought to re‐evaluate the outcomes of patients with HCC who underwent liver resection (LR) within (stage 0 and A) and beyond (stage B and C) the BCLC guideline recommendations of the updated BCLC staging system.MethodsThis retrospective study enrolled 774 consecutive patients with naïve HCC who underwent LR from 2011 to 2018 at our institution. The overall survival (OS) and recurrence‐free survival (RFS) of these patients were examined.ResultsOf the patients, 606 had BCLC stage 0 or A HCC, and 168 had BCLC stage B or C HCC. The 5‐year OS and RFS among the patients within the BCLC criteria for LR were 75.2% and 56.1%, respectively, vs 54.9% and 34.0%, respectively, among the patients beyond the BCLC criteria (P < .001). Alpha‐fetoprotein more than 400 ng/mL (hazard ratio = 2.06, 95% confidence interval, 1.31‐3.26, P = .002) was the only independent variable associated with recurrence among the patients beyond the BCLC criteria.ConclusionsLR provided acceptable outcomes among selected patients with BCLC stage B and C HCC.
A Life‐Course Model of Trauma Exposure and Mental Health Among Low‐Income Survivors of Hurricane Katrina
Authors: Lowe Sarah R. , Raker Ethan J. , Arcaya Mariana C. , Zacher Meghan L. , Waters Mary C. , Rhodes Jean E. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPrior research has provided robust evidence that exposure to potentially traumatic events (PTEs) during a disaster is predictive of adverse postdisaster mental health outcomes, including posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and nonspecific psychological distress (PD). However, few studies have explored the role of exposure to other PTEs over the life‐course in shaping postdisaster mental health. Based on the broader literature on trauma exposure and mental health, we hypothesized a path analytic model linking predisaster PTEs to long‐term postdisaster PTSS and PD via predisaster PD, short‐term postdisaster symptoms, and disaster‐related and postdisaster PTEs. We tested this model using data from the Resilience in Survivors of Katrina study, a longitudinal study of low‐income, primarily non‐Hispanic Black mothers exposed to Hurricane Katrina and assessed before the disaster and at time points 1, 4, and 12 years thereafter. The models evidenced a good fit with the data, RMSEA < .01–.04, CFIs > .99. In addition, 44.1%–67.4% of the effect of predisaster PTEs on long‐term postdisaster symptoms was indirect. Descriptive differences were observed across models that included PTSS versus PD, as well as models that included all pre‐ and postdisaster PTEs versus only those that involved assaultive violence. The results suggest the importance of incorporating disaster preparedness in clinical work with trauma survivors and the value in attending to other lifetime PTEs when working in postdisaster contexts.
An analytical model for permittivity measurement of liquid dielectrics with a tubular sample holder
Authors: Rotava André , Silva Renato Abner Oliveira , Dias Maurício Henrique Costa , dos Santos José Carlos Araujo 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn this work, an analytical model for permittivity measurements of liquid materials is presented. It uses a variant of the transmission line method with a tubular sample holder. The proposed formulation is simple, easy to deal with and allows straightforward conversion between the direct and the inverse solutions of the problem. Measurement results presented maximum relative errors of about 10% when compared to available data in the literature. It is shown to be suitable for measurements of materials over a wide range of relative permittivities.
Effects of a new β3‐adrenoceptor agonist, vibegron, on neurogenic bladder dysfunction and remodeling in mice with spinal cord injury
Authors: Gotoh Daisuke , Shimizu Nobutaka , Wada Naoki , Kadekawa Katsumi , Saito Tetsuichi , Mizoguchi Shinsuke , Morizawa Yosuke , Hori Shunta , Miyake Makito , Torimoto Kazumasa , de Groat William C. , Fujimoto Kiyohide , Yoshimura Naoki 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAimsTo examine vibegron effects on lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD) in mice with spinal cord injury (SCI).MethodsFemale mice underwent Th8‐9 spinal cord transection and were orally administered vehicle or vibegron after SCI. We evaluated urodynamic parameters at 4 weeks after SCI with or without vibegron. Fibrosis‐ and ischemia‐related messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein levels of collagen and elastin were measured in bladders of vehicle‐ and vibegron‐treated SCI mice, and spinal intact mice.ResultsNon‐voiding contractions (NVCs) were significantly fewer (15.3 ± 8.9 vs 29.7 ± 11.4 contractions; P < .05) and the time to the first NVC was significantly longer (1488.0 ± 409.5 vs 782.7 ± 399.7 seconds; P < .01) in vibegron‐treated SCI mice vs vehicle‐treated SCI mice. mRNAs levels of collagen types 1 and 3, transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1), and hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α (HIF‐1α) were significantly upregulated in vehicle‐treated SCI mice compared with spinal intact and vibegron‐treated SCI mice (Col 1: 3.5 vs 1.0 and 2.0‐fold; P < .01 and P < .05, Col 3: 2.1 vs 1.0 and 1.2‐fold; P < .01 and P < .05, TGF‐β1: 1.2 vs 1.0 and 0.9‐fold; P < .05 and P < .05, HIF‐1α: 1.4 vs 1.0 and 1.0‐fold; P < .05 and P < .01). Total collagen and elastin protein levels in vehicle‐ and vibegron‐treated SCI mice did not differ.ConclusionsVibegron reduced NVCs, delayed the first NVC, and improved collagen types 1 and 3, TGF‐β1, and HIF‐1α mRNA expression in SCI mice. Vibegron might be effective for SCI‐induced LUTD.
Herbicide resistance in Amaranthus tuberculatus†
Authors: Tranel Patrick J 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAmaranthus tuberculatus is the major weed species in many midwestern US row‐crop production fields, and it is among the most problematic weeds in the world in terms of its ability to evolve herbicide resistance. It has now evolved resistance to herbicides spanning seven unique sites of action, with populations and even individual plants often possessing resistance to several herbicides/herbicide groups. Historically, herbicide target‐site changes accounted for most of the known resistance mechanisms in this weed; however, over the last few years, non‐target‐site mechanisms, particularly enhanced herbicide detoxification, have become extremely common in A. tuberculatus. Unravelling the genetics and molecular details of non‐target‐site resistance mechanisms, understanding the extent to which they confer cross resistance to other herbicides, and understanding how they evolve remain as critical research endeavors. Transcriptomic and genomics approaches are already facilitating such studies, the results of which hopefully will inform better resistance‐mitigation strategies. The largely unprecedented level of herbicide resistance in A. tuberculatus is not only a fascinating example of evolution in action, but it is a serious and growing threat to the sustainability of midwestern US cropping systems. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Resistance risk assessment for a novel succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor pydiflumetofen in Fusarium asiaticum
Authors: Chen Wenchan , Wei Lingling , Zhao Weicheng , Wang Bingran , Zheng Huanhuan , Zhang Pengcheng , Lou Tiancheng , Duan Yabing , Hou Yiping , Zhou Mingguo , Chen Changjun 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDFusarium asiaticum is one of predominant pathogens of Fusarium head blight (FHB) in China. Pydiflumetofen (Pyd) is a novel succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor (SDHI) which has been commercialized in China for the controlling of wheat FHB since 2019. In the current study, a risk assessment of the pydiflumetofen‐resistance selected in Fusarium asiaticum was investigated.RESULTSOne PydMR mutant [resistance factor (RF) < 80] and four PydHR mutants (RF > 3000) were generated by fungicide‐taming from 1000 mycelial discs of the wild‐type strain 2021. Nucleotide sequences alignment results of FaSdh from the wild‐type strain and resistant mutants showed that all the mutations were categorized into three genotypes, i.e. FaSdhBH248Y from PydMR mutant, both FaSdhC1A64V and FaSdhC1R67K from PydHR mutants. All the resistant mutants possessed no fitness penalty based on the data of mycelial linear growth, conidiation and virulence. In addition, the FaSdhC1A64V mutants showed positive cross‐resistance between pydiflumetofen and boscalid or thifluzamide, but no cross‐resistance between pydiflumetofen and Y13149 or Y12196, while the FaSdhC1R67K mutants exhibited positive cross‐resistance between pydiflumetofen and boscalid, thifluzamide or Y12196, and no cross‐resistance between pydiflumetofen and Y13149. Furthermore, positive cross‐resistance between the five tested SDHIs was detected in the FaSdhBH248Y mutants.CONCLUSIONThe results suggest a moderate to high resistance risk of F. asiaticum to pydiflumetofen, and provide essential data for monitoring the emergence of resistance and resistance management strategies for pydiflumetofen, which will be useful for scientific application of this fungicide in China.
Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial Activity of Schiff Bases Including Three Hydroxy Groups and Their CoCl2, PdCl2, CuCl2 and ZnCl2 Complexes
Authors: Alterhoni Elham , Tavman Aydin , Gürbüz Demet , Hacioglu Mayram , Çinarli Adem , Şahin Onur , Tan A. Seher Birteksöz 
Published: August 2020

AbstractFour Schiff bases, (3/4/2/4)‐{[(2‐hydroxy‐5‐methylphenyl)imino]methyl}benzene‐1,2/1,3/1,4/1,2‐diols (H3L1‐H3L4), derived from 2,3/2,4/2,5/3,4‐dihydroxybenzaldehydes and 2‐amino‐4‐methylphenol, and their CoCl2, PdCl2, CuCl2 and ZnCl2 complexes were synthesized and characterized. The structures of the complexes were suggested on the basis of elemental analysis, TGA, molar conductivity, magnetic moment, FT‐IR, UV‐vis and NMR spectroscopy. According to the analytical and spectral data, the ligands H3L1, H3L2 and H3L3 acted as tridentate, giving chelate structures in the complexes, via the C=N nitrogen and two phenolate oxygen atoms whereas H3L4 acted as bidentate. In addition, the crystal structure of H3L1 was determined by X‐ray diffraction. The spectral data show that there is keto‐enol tautomerization in the ligands and keto form is dominant in H3L1 and H3L3 while enol form is in H3L2 and H3L4. Antimicrobial activities of the compounds were tested against six bacteria and three fungi. [Zn(H2L1)Cl]⋅4H2O showed superior activity toward the fungi C. albicans, C. parapsilosis and C. tropicalis compared to H3L1 and the other compounds. Strong activity of H3L1, H3L2 and H3L3 was observed toward S. aureus whereas they showed weak activity to the other microorganisms.
Photocatalytic Performance Analysis of Bi2WO6 Modified with CdSe Quantum Dots in Different Solvents
Authors: Chen Zhengguang , Zhang Zuowei , Hao Hongshun , Zhu Liangliang , Ding Chao , Zhang Gongliang , Bi Jingran , Yan Shuang , Liu Guishan , Hou Hongman 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBi2WO6 modified with CdSe quantum dots (QDs) was synthesized in different solvents. Among these prepared photocatalysts, CdSe‐Acetone‐Bi2WO6 demonstrated the best photocatalytic performance as tested by degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB). Moreover, three‐time degradation tests proved that CdSe‐Acetone‐Bi2WO6 had a good photocatalytic stability. The photoluminescence spectroscopy and electrochemical test showed that the recombination of electron hole pairs of CdSe‐Acetone‐Bi2WO6 decreased most obviously, which was consistent with the photocatalytic results.
The Nonapeptide RWQWRWQWR: A Promising Molecule for Breast Cancer Therapy
Authors: Barragán‐Cárdenas Andrea , Insuasty‐Cepeda Diego Sebastián , Niño‐Ramírez Victor Alfonso , Umaña‐Pérez Adriana , Ochoa‐Zarzosa Alejandra , López‐Meza Joel E. , Rivera‐Monroy Zuly Jenny , García‐Castañeda Javier Eduardo 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe palindromic nonapeptide H‐1RWQWRWQWR9‐NH2 (LfcinB (21–25)Pal) was synthetize and scaled following the good manufacturing practices (GMP) guidelines to obtained batches up to 1 g of pure peptide which evidencing their synthetic viability. Its cytotoxic effect was tested against breast cancer cell lines MDA‐MB‐231 and MCF‐7 and was dependent on concentration against both. The IC50 values were 135 μM and 66 μM, respectively. Against MCF‐7 the peptide exerts its greater cytotoxic effect at 135 μM, diminishing their cell viability to 21%. Furthermore, the palindromic peptide did not exhibit a significant cytotoxic effect against the nontumorigenic cells MCF‐12, BMEC (bovine mammary epithelial cells) or fibroblast, which confirms its selectivity. The cancerous cells treated at 135 μM for 2 h exhibited morphological changes like cellular shrinkage and rounded forms. Trough flow cytometry assays we evidence that 73% of the events were related to late apoptosis, and cells that exhibited mitochondrial membrane depolarization also had an increase in the relative expression of caspase‐3. Our results suggest that the LfcinB (21–25)Pal peptide has a cytotoxic effect against MCF‐7 mainly through apoptotic events which makes it a promising candidate for therapeutic agent.
In‐situ Generated Ultra‐High Dispersion Sulfur 3D‐Graphene Foam for All‐Solid‐State Lithium Sulfur Batteries with High Cell‐Level Energy Density
Authors: Zhu Ruichen , Liu Fangchao , Li Wenyan , Fu Zhengwen 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn this study, we prepared a free‐standing ultra‐high dispersion sulfur three‐dimensional graphene (S‐3DG) foam by a simple in‐situ synthesis method. The HRTEM and SAED test of the discharged and charged products showed reversible conversion of Li2S and S during cycling. All‐solid‐state Li−S batteries with 55% sulfur content can reach initial discharge capacity of 1680 mAh g−1 at 1/16 C and 410 mAh g−1 at 4 C. And the capacity was about 450 mAh g−1 after 20 times cycling tested at 1/8 C. Moreover, Li−S batteries with 80% sulfur loading (8 mg/cm2) exhibited a superior cell‐level energy density of 588.8 Wh kg−1.
Prediction of Thermal Properties and Reliability Testing of Binary Eutectic Mixture of Polyethylene Glycol 2000 and 10000 as Phase Change Materials
Authors: Ansu Alok K. , Sharma Ravi K. , Tyagi Vineet V. , Tripathi Dharmendra 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis experimental investigation presents the two major aspects of thermal energy storage materials. One is development of eutectic mixtures of polyethylene glycols (PEGs) and another is thermal reliability of them. The commercial grade PEGs with molecular mass 2000 and 10000 were mixed in different mass fractions via facile incorporation method for preparing the eutectic mixtures. The thermal energy storage capacity was measured by using differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and Fourier transform and infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR) was adopted to analyse the variation in chemical compositions of eutectics. The eutectics were prepared in the step of 10% mass fraction and characterization show that the mixture of 20% PEG 2000 and 80% PEG 10000 possess the maximum latent heat of fusion, which is 185 kJ/kg. The prepared eutectic mixture was also tested for its durability by in‐house designed thermal cycling tester. The results revealed that this eutectic is able to retain its thermal and chemical properties even after 1500 melting and freezing cycles. The findings of this study show that the prepared binary eutectics are able to be used as potential candidates for passive solar thermal management purposes.
Deposition of a ZnO Nanolayer on TiO2 Nanorods Nanoarrays with Tailored Thickness towards Boosted Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Production Activity
Authors: Chen Jianwu , Yang Yueping , Song Kai , Xu Shang , Zhang Tian , Hou Huilin 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn this study, one‐dimensional (1D) core‐shell structured TiO2@ZnO nanorod arrays have been synthesised by means of a simple hydrothermal method combining with subsequently ZnO atomic layer deposition (ALD). It was found that the thickness of the ZnO shell layers can be finely controlled with 20 nm, 30 nm, 40 nm and 50 nm by simply varying the deposition times. Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting tests demonstrate that the TiO2@ZnO samples with 30 nm of ZnO layer yielded the highest photocurrent density of 1.24 mA/cm2 upon AM 1.5 illumination, which was about 1.55 times higher than that of pristine TiO2. The improved PEC activity is due to the enhanced interfacial charge‐separation and transportation based on the type II heterojunction as well as the unique 1D core‐shell structure.