bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
One-loop finiteness of Chiral Higher Spin Gravity
Authors: Skvortsov Evgeny , Tran Tung 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
One of the main ideas behind Higher Spin Gravities is that the higher spin symmetry is expected to leave no room for counterterms, thereby eliminating UV divergences that make the pure gravity non-renormalizable. However, until recently it has not been clear if such a mechanism is realized. We show that Chiral Higher Spin Gravity is one-loop finite, the crucial point being that all one-loop S-matrix elements are UV-convergent despite the fact that the theory is naively not renormalizable by power counting. For any number of legs the one-loop S-matrix elements coincide with all-plus helicity one-loop amplitudes in pure QCD and SDYM, modulo a certain higher spin dressing, which is an unusual relation between the non-gravitational theories and a higher spin gravity.
Black holes, oscillating instantons and the Hawking-Moss transition
Authors: Gregory Ruth , Moss Ian G. , Oshita Naritaka 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Static oscillating bounces in Schwarzschild de Sitter spacetime are investigated. The oscillating bounce with many oscillations gives a super-thick bubble wall, for which the total vacuum energy increases while the mass of the black hole decreases due to the conservation of Arnowitt-Deser-Misner (ADM) mass. We show that the transition rate of such an “up-tunneling” consuming the seed black hole is higher than that of the Hawking- Moss transition. The correspondence of analyses in the static and global coordinates in the Euclidean de Sitter space is also investigated.
Die Aussagekraft sozialpädagogischer Altersschätzungen im Vergleich zur forensischen Altersdiagnostik
Authors: Hagen M. , Schmidt S. , Rudolf E. , Schmeling A. 
Published: July 2020

ZusammenfassungIn der vorliegenden Studie sollte die Aussagekraft sozialpädagogischer Altersschätzungen im Vergleich zu forensischen Altersbegutachtungen, die entsprechend den Empfehlungen der Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forensische Altersdiagnostik durchgeführt worden waren, analysiert werden. Hierfür wurden 47 Fälle ausgewertet, bei denen sowohl sozialpädagogische Altersschätzungen von in Jugendhilfeeinrichtungen betreuten unbegleiteten minderjährigen Flüchtlingen als auch forensische Altersgutachten zur Verfügung standen. In 44 Fällen, in denen die Einrichtungen von Minderjährigkeit ausgingen, bescheinigten die forensischen Altersgutachten in 12 Fällen zweifelsfreie Volljährigkeit und in 24 weiteren Fällen wahrscheinliche Volljährigkeit. In 2 Fällen, in denen die Einrichtungen die Minderjährigkeit anzweifelten, wurden im Ergebnis der forensischen Altersbegutachtung in dem einen Fall zweifelsfreie Volljährigkeit und in dem anderen Fall wahrscheinliche Volljährigkeit festgestellt. In einem Fall, in dem die Einrichtung von Volljährigkeit ausging, wurde auf der Grundlage der forensischen Altersbegutachtung wahrscheinliche Volljährigkeit mit noch möglicher Minderjährigkeit attestiert. Objektivierbare psychosoziale Kriterien, mit denen Volljährigkeit zweifelsfrei festgestellt werden kann, ließen sich nicht erkennen. Es ist davon auszugehen, dass der Anteil falsch-positiver Minderjährigkeitsfeststellungen bei sozialpädagogischen Altersschätzungen deutlich höher als bei forensischen Altersbegutachtungen ist. Ebenso scheint ein relevantes Risiko falsch-positiver Volljährigkeitsfeststellungen bei sozialpädagogischen Altersschätzungen zu bestehen. Es wurde geschlussfolgert, dass sozialpädagogische Altersschätzungen keine überzeugende Alternative zu forensischen Altersbegutachtungen darstellen.
Gehört die statistische Signifikanz aufs Altenteil?
Authors: Richter A. , Zink A. 
Published: July 2020

ZusammenfassungUnter der Schlagzeile „Retire statistical significance“ haben Amrhein et al. in der ZeitschriftNaturedazu aufgerufen, sich vom Konzept der statistischen Signifikanz zu verabschieden. Dieser von rund 800 weiteren Forschern unterzeichnete Aufruf löste eine kontroverse Diskussion aus. Ein Grund für die bewusst provokante Forderung ist die gelebte wissenschaftliche Praxis, in der das Konzept der statistischen Signifikanz häufig eine falsche Anwendung findet, indem sie für Ja/nein-Entscheidungen herangezogen wird. Die Kritik ist nicht neu und wurde in den letzten 50 Jahren wiederholt geäußert. Wir verweisen auf aktuelle und zurückliegend publizierte Vorbehalte, geben einen Überblick über unterschiedliche Anwendungen des Konzepts der statistischen Signifikanz sowie mögliche Alternativen. Der durch Amrhein et al. geäußerten Kritik am Konzept ist grundsätzlich zuzustimmen. Mangels konsentierter Alternativen und einer zu geringen Berücksichtigung der vielen verschiedenen Anwendungsfälle des Konzepts der statistischen Signifikanz sehen wir die Forderung nach ihrer Abschaffung aber als überzogen an. Ein pragmatischerer Umgang mit der Problematik, unterstützt durch gezielte Handreichungen für Wissenschaftler und Reviewer, erscheint uns der geeignetere Weg.
Portal vein stent placement after hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery
Authors: Khan Ammar , Kleive Dyre , Aandahl Einar Martin , Fosby Bjarte , Line Pål-Dag , Dorenberg Eric , Guvåg Steinar , Labori Knut Jørgen 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the long-term outcomes of percutaneous transhepatic stent placement for portal vein (PV) stenosis after liver transplantation (LT) and hepato-pancreato-biliary (HPB) surgery.

Methods
Retrospective study of 455 patients who underwent LT and 522 patients who underwent resection of the pancreatic head between June 2011 and February 2016. Technical success, clinical success, patency, and complications were evaluated for both groups.

Results
A total of 23 patients were confirmed to have postoperative PV stenosis and were treated with percutaneous transhepatic PV stent placement. The technical success rate was 100%, the clinical success rate was 80%, and the long-term stent patency was 91.3% for the entire study population. Two procedure-related hemorrhages and two early stent thromboses occurred in the HPB group while no complications occurred in the LT group. A literature review of selected studies reporting PV stent placement for the treatment of PV stenosis after HPB surgery and LT showed a technical success rate of 78–100%, a clinical success rate of 72–100%, and a long-term patency of 57–100%, whereas the procedure-related complication rate varied from 0–33.3%.

Conclusions
Percutaneous transhepatic PV stent is a safe and effective treatment for postoperative PV stenosis/occlusion in patients undergoing LT regardless of symptoms. Due to increased risk of complications, the indication for percutaneous PV stent placement after HPB surgery should be limited to patients with clinical symptoms after an individual assessment.
Seeing red? Colour biases of foraging birds are context dependent
Authors: Teichmann Marianne , Thorogood Rose , Hämäläinen Liisa 
Published: July 2020

AbstractColours are commonly used as visual cues when measuring animals’ cognitive abilities. However, animals can have innate biases towards certain colours that depend on ecological and evolutionary contexts, therefore potentially influencing their performance in experiments. For example, when foraging, the colour red can advertise profitable fruits or act as a warning signal about chemically defended prey, and an individual’s propensity to take food of that colour may depend on experience, age or physical condition. Here, we investigate how these contexts influence blue tits’ (Cyanistes caeruleus) and great tits’ (Parus major) responses to red-coloured almond flakes. We found that juvenile birds preferred red both when it was presented simultaneously with green, and when it was presented with three alternative colours (orange, purple, green). Adult birds, however, only preferred red after a positive experience with the colour, or when it was presented with the three alternative colours. We then tested whether colour influenced avoidance learning about food unpalatability. Despite the prediction that red is a more salient warning signal than green, we found only weak evidence that birds discriminated red unpalatable almonds from a green palatable alternative more quickly than when the colours were reversed. Our results suggest that biases towards red food may depend on birds’ age and previous experience, and this might influence their performance in experiments that use red stimuli. Considering the ecological relevance of colours is, therefore, important when designing experiments that involve colour cues.
The learning styles neuromyth: when the same term means different things to different teachers
Authors: Papadatou-Pastou Marietta , Touloumakos Anna K. , Koutouveli Christina , Barrable Alexia 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAlthough learning styles (LS) have been recognised as a neuromyth, they remain a virtual truism within education. A point of concern is that the term LS has been used within theories that describe them using completely different notions and categorisations. This is the first empirical study to investigate education professionals’ conceptualisation, as well as means of identifying and implementing LS in their classroom. A sample of 123 education professionals were administered a questionnaire consisting both closed- and open-ended questions. Responses were analysed using thematic analysis. LS were found to be mainly conceptualised within the Visual-Auditory-(Reading)-Kinaesthetic (VAK/VARK) framework, as well as Gardner’s multiple intelligences. Moreover, a lot of education professionals confused theories of learning (e.g., behavioural or cognitive theories) with LS. In terms of identifying LS, educators reported using a variety of methods, spanning from observation and everyday contact to the use of tests. The ways LS were implemented in the classroom were numerous, comprising various teaching aids, participatory techniques and motor activities. Overall, we argue that the extended use of the term LS gives the illusion of a consensus amongst educators, when a closer examination reveals that the term LS is conceptualised, identified and implemented idiosyncratically by different individuals. This study aims to be of use to pre-service and in-service teacher educators in their effort to debunk the neuromyth of LS and replace it with evidence-based practices.
The ability of seeds to float with water currents contributes to the invasion success of Impatiens balfourii and I. glandulifera
Authors: Najberek Kamil , Olejniczak Paweł , Berent Katarzyna , Gąsienica-Staszeczek Magdalena , Solarz Wojciech 
Published: July 2020

AbstractTwo alien species in Europe,Impatiens glanduliferaandI. balfourii, are closely related, have similar growth rates and reproductive capacities, and are very attractive to pollinators. Nevertheless, onlyI. glanduliferais a highly invasive alien species in Europe, whileI. balfouriiis non-invasive. We assumed that the varying levels of invasiveness are driven by differences in the floating ability of their seeds, which may determine the invasion success of riparian alien plants, such as theImpatiensspecies. By mimicking two types of aquatic conditions, we determined seed floating ability for each species from younger and older populations. We also analyzed four seed traits: seed viability, surface, shape and coat structure. Seeds of the non-invasiveI. balfouriifloat less well than seeds of the invasiveI. glandulifera. We also found that the seeds ofI. balfouriifrom the younger population have a higher floating ability in comparison with that of the seeds from the older population. The results forI. glanduliferawere the opposite, with decreased floating ability in the younger population. These differences were associated with seed surface, shape and coat structure. These results indicate that the floating ability ofI. balfouriiseeds may increase over time following its introduction into a given area, while in the case ofI. glandulifera, this ability may gradually decrease. Therefore, the former species, currently regarded as a poor disperser, has the potential to become invasive in the future, whereas the latter does not seem to benefit from further investments in the floating ability of its seeds.
Angular segregation of fibres in pipe flow: floc formation and utilization for length-based fibre separation
Authors: Redlinger-Pohn Jakob D. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCellulose fibres are prone to flocculate and form aggregates that are deformable by the hydrodynamic stress. In this work I document for coiled pipe flow, known to have secondary motion in the pipe cross-sectional plane, an accumulation of fibre flocs and fibre aggregates at the outer bend. That is the segregation into a section in the pipe cross-section and hence presents a case of angular segregation. The segregation was studied for non-coherent crowded fibre flocs. For that, segregation benefited from fibre concentration and suffered from increased hydrodynamic stress expressed by increasing Reynolds number. Based on the observed segregation of fibres a flow splitter was designed that separated the flow at 1/3 of the tube diameter measured from the inner bend. The outer bend suspension length-weighted fibre length was found to increase. For the best case in this work, the difference between outer and inner bend relative to the feed fibre length was 22%. As for radial and axial segregation, which are known, also angular segregation is fibre-length sensitive. As such it can be exploited for length fractionation of networking and aggregating elongated particles, for example fibres.
Variation in groundwater manganese in Finland
Authors: Kousa Anne , Komulainen Hannu , Hatakka Tarja , Backman Birgitta , Hartikainen Sirpa 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIncreasing evidence has emerged that Mn derived from drinking water could be a health risk, especially for children. This study aimed to provide more information on the variation in Mn concentrations in well water and factors that affect manganese concentrations in groundwater in the natural environment. The geochemical data consisted of analyses of single water samples (n = 5311) that were taken only once and data from monitoring sites where water samples (n = 4607) were repeatedly taken and analyzed annually from the same wells. In addition, the well-specific results from six wells at monitoring sites were described in detail. We obtained the data on water samples from the groundwater database of Geological Survey of Finland. In single samples, Mn concentrations varied from < 0.02 µg/l to 5800 µg/l in bedrock well waters and up to 6560 µg/l in Quaternary deposit well waters. Results from single water samples from bedrock wells and Quaternary deposit wells indicated that the dissolved oxygen content has an inverse association with the Mn concentration. When the dissolved oxygen O2 levels were lower, the Mn concentrations were higher. No clear association was found between the Mn concentration and the pH or depth of the well for single samples. Part of Mn was particle bound, because total Mn was higher than soluble Mn in most measured samples. In the monitoring survey, large variation in Mn concentrations was found in bedrock well water in Kemijärvi, 114–352 µg/l, and in dug well water in Hämeenkoski, 8.77–2640 µg/l. Seasonal and spatial variability in Mn concentrations in water samples from two bedrock wells was large at monitoring sites in northern Finland. Variability in the Mn concentrations in groundwater can be large, even in the same area. These data suggest that single measurements of the Mn concentration from a water source may not reveal the Mn status, and measurement of both the total and soluble Mn concentrations may be recommended.
Trace elements in Athyrium distentifolium from alpine vegetation in the Karkonosze, SW Poland
Authors: Kazienko Aleksandra , Torzewski Karol , Wojtuń Bronisław , Samecka-Cymerman Aleksandra , Mróz Lucyna , Kempers Alexander J. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe Karkonosze National Park is affected by long-distance metal air transport of anthropogenic contamination as well as by tourist activity. Therefore, concentrations of Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn were evaluated in soil as well as in vital and non-vital fronds of Athyrium distentifolium Opiz collected in the middle of the growing season from glacial cirques in the Karkonosze. Additionally, fronds of the same species turning brown in autumn were collected from the same sampling sites. The health of ferns was impacted by the contents of Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn in fronds, which may indicate that A. distentifolium uses elements accumulated in its tissues as defence against pathogens. Individuals from higher altitudes contained higher concentrations of Cd, Cu, Ni, Fe and Pb than those from lower altitudes. Autumn fronds of A. distentifolium contained a significantly higher concentration of Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn and Pb than vital summer fronds, which may indicate sequestration of these elements in senescing fronds probably to remove potentially harmful metals. Non-vital ferns were a better accumulator of Pb than vital ones, while both types of ferns accumulated Mn in a similar way.
Corporate social responsibility in agribusiness: climate-related empirical findings from Hungary
Authors: Biró Kinga , Szalmáné Csete Mária 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe corporate sector is one of the most important contributors to the global emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases. According to a representative public opinion survey 34% of Hungarian citizens believe that corporations are responsible for climate change. The business sector is motivated to take an active role in the mitigation and adaptation of climate change. As a result, the last few decades saw a marked increase in corporate measures aiming at the reduction in greenhouse gas emissions, as well as other initiatives to tackle climate-related problems which result in numerous social issues. The aim of this paper is to assess whether Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) can be applied as a tool in agribusiness fostering steps towards the implementation of the climate-oriented and sustainable agriculture in Hungary. The research makes an effort to explore the role and opportunities of the Hungarian agricultural sector in adapting to climate change, it also examines the extent of the mitigation and adaptation activities appearing in the CSR portfolio of the companies and what specific measures are taken to realize them. The results of the evaluation show that climate-oriented CSR activities of the companies are relatively undeveloped, but businesses are working to reduce the impact of climate change on the usage of exercising adaptation strategies. There are several actions that can help to reduce vulnerability to the consequences of climate change in the agriculture sector. The results can support not only companies but other decision-makers decisions in climate-oriented CSR activities in agribusiness.
An Archaeology of Affect: Art, Ontology and the Carved Stone Balls of Neolithic Britain
Authors: Jones Andrew Meirion 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis paper aims to shift debate in the study of archaeological art away from epistemological questions of definition towards ontological approaches. To this aim, the paper proposes a non-representational study of archaeological art based on the twin concepts of affect and agential intra-action. As an example of this approach, the paper examines the carved stone balls of Neolithic Scotland. The analysis of carved stone balls focuses on their making and on their inter-regional circulation and exchange as a way of approaching the affective character of these artefacts. The paper finishes with a detailed consideration of the concepts of affect and intra-action and advocates their use in the archaeology of art.
NMR pseudocontact shifts in a symmetric protein homotrimer
Authors: Müntener Thomas , Böhm Raphael , Atz Kenneth , Häussinger Daniel , Hiller Sebastian 
Published: July 2020

AbstractNMR pseudocontact shifts are a valuable tool for structural and functional studies of proteins. Protein multimers mediate key functional roles in biology, but methods for their study by pseudocontact shifts are so far not available. Paramagnetic tags attached to identical subunits in multimeric proteins cause a combined pseudocontact shift that cannot be described by the standard single-point model. Here, we report pseudocontact shifts generated simultaneously by three paramagnetic Tm-M7PyThiazole-DOTA tags to the trimeric molecular chaperone Skp and provide an approach for the analysis of this and related symmetric systems. The pseudocontact shifts were described by a “three-point” model, in which positions and parameters of the three paramagnetic tags were fitted. A good correlation between experimental data and predicted values was found, validating the approach. The study establishes that pseudocontact shifts can readily be applied to multimeric proteins, offering new perspectives for studies of large protein complexes by paramagnetic NMR spectroscopy.
A kernel machine for hidden object-ranking problems (HORPs)
Authors: Mondonneix Gaël , Mari Jean Martial , Chabrier Sébastien , Gabillon Alban 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHidden Object-Ranking Problems (HORPs) are object-ranking problems stated as classification or instance-ranking problems. There exists so far no dedicated algorithm for solving them properly and HORPs are usually solved as if they were classification (multi-class or ordinal) or instance-ranking problems. In the former case, item-related ordinal information is negated and only class-related information is retained; in the latter case, item-related ordinal information is considered, but in a way that emphasizes class-related information, so that the items are not only sorted but also clustered. We propose a kernel machine that allows retaining item-related ordinal information while avoiding emphasizing class-related information. We show how this kernel machine can be implemented with standard optimization libraries provided slight modifications on the original kernel. The proposed approach is tested on Tahitian pearls quality assessment and compared with four other classical methods. It yields better results (93.6% ± 3.9% of correct predictions without feature selection, 94.3% ± 3.4% with feature selection) than the best of the other tested methods (91.3% ± 3.4% and 92.6% ± 4.3% without and with feature selection for the instance-ranking approach), this improvement being significant (p-value < 0.05). Moreover, this method exhibits no significant difference in the results with and without feature selection (p-value = 0.33), which may be a hint that its learning bias fits the problem well and can thus alleviate the data preprocessing workload.
Tenant Mix and Retail Rents in High Street Shopping Districts
Authors: Zhang Song , van Duijn Mark , van der Vlist Arno J. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractUrban areas have long had shopping districts in which retail properties are concentrated. It is argued that the diversity of retail tenants, often called tenant mix, contributes to the image and attractiveness of the high street shopping district. These districts are characterized by fragmented ownership and therefore the tenant mix is outside the control of individual property investors. We aim to explore the relationship between tenant mix and retail rents by studying high street shopping districts in the Netherlands. We start with delineating high street shopping districts using granular data on the spatial distribution of retail jobs. Within each shopping district, tenant mix is measured using detailed information on SBI sector classification and the number of retail properties. We find shopping districts with greater tenant mix show higher retail rents compared to districts with lower tenant mix.