bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advanced Near‐Infrared Light for Monitoring and Modulating the Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Cell Functions in Living Systems
Authors: Chen Guangcun , Cao Yuheng , Tang Yanxing , Yang Xue , Liu Yongyang , Huang Dehua , Zhang Yejun , Li Chunyan , Wang Qiangbin 
Published: February 2020

AbstractLight‐based technique, including optical imaging and photoregulation, has become one of the most important tools for both fundamental research and clinical practice, such as cell signal sensing, cancer diagnosis, tissue engineering, drug delivery, visual regulation, neuromodulation, and disease treatment. In particular, low energy near‐infrared (NIR, 700–1700 nm) light possesses lower phototoxicity and higher tissue penetration depth in living systems as compared with ultraviolet/visible light, making it a promising tool for in vivo applications. Currently, the NIR light‐based imaging and photoregulation strategies have offered a possibility to real‐time sense and/or modulate specific cellular events in deep tissues with subcellular accuracy. Herein, the recent progress with respect to NIR light for monitoring and modulating the spatiotemporal dynamics of cell functions in living systems are summarized. In particular, the applications of NIR light‐based techniques in cancer theranostics, regenerative medicine, and neuroscience research are systematically introduced and discussed. In addition, the challenges and prospects for NIR light‐based cell sensing and regulating techniques are comprehensively discussed.
Incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of endoscopic sinus surgery after endoscopic skull‐base surgery
Authors: Shah Ravi R. , Maina Ivy W. , Patel Neil N. , Triantafillou Vasiliki , Workman Alan D. , Kuan Edward C. , Tong Charles C.L. , Kohanski Michael A. , O'Malley Bert W. , Adappa Nithin D. , Palmer James N. 
Published: February 2020

BackgroundPatients undergoing endoscopic resection of neoplasms with both sinonasal and skull base involvement can develop chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) after treatment and may occasionally benefit from additional endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). We investigate risk factors and outcomes associated with revision ESS (rESS) after endoscopic skull‐base surgery (SBS) for neoplasms with combined sinonasal and skull base involvement.MethodsA retrospective review of patients with neoplasms with both sinonasal and skull base involvement who underwent endoscopic resection at a single tertiary care academic institution from 2004 through 2017 was performed. Eighty‐three patients were included. Main outcome measures included incidence and timing of revision surgery, Lund‐Mackay (LM) scores, and 22‐item Sino‐Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT‐22) scores.ResultsrESS was performed in 21 (25%) cases, 15 (18%) of which were due to CRS. Time between initial resection and rESS was an average of 42 months (range, 6 to 142 months). Pre‐SBS and post‐SBS LM scores were not significantly different (5.0 vs 4.7, p = 0.640), although pre‐SBS and post‐SBS SNOT‐22 scores showed significant improvement (32.6 vs 24.5, p = 0.030). Malignant pathology correlated with need for rESS (odds ratio [OR] 5.07, p = 0.04), as well as treatment including chemotherapy (OR 5.10, p = 0.003) and radiation (OR 4.15, p = 0.013).ConclusionA significant proportion of patients develop clinically significant sinusitis after endoscopic SBS for neoplasms with combined sinonasal and skull base involvement and may benefit from rESS. Intervention occurred, on average, 3.5 years after initial tumor resection. Malignant pathology, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy correlate with need for rESS.
A novel device combining acoustic vibration with oscillating expiratory pressure for the treatment of nasal congestion
Authors: Soler Zachary M. , Nguyen Shaun A. , Salvador Craig , Lackland Thomas , Desiato Vincent M. , Storck Kristina , Schlosser Rodney J. 
Published: February 2020

BackgroundChronic nasal congestion affects 20% of the population with significant impact on quality of life. This study investigated the simultaneous administration of nasal acoustic vibration and oscillating expiratory pressure for the treatment of nasal congestion.MethodsPatients with chronic nasal congestion but without fixed anatomic obstruction participated in a prospective clinical study applying simultaneous acoustic vibrations and positive expiratory pressure to the nasal cavity twice daily over 5 weeks. Safety was assessed by rhinoscopy and patient questionnaires. Efficacy was assessed using peak nasal inspiratory flow (PNIF), visual analogue scale (VAS) of nasal symptoms, Total Nasal Symptom Score (TNSS), Nasal Obstruction and Septoplasty Effectiveness (NOSE) score, and the 22‐item Sino‐Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT‐22).ResultsForty patients (mean age 39 years, 65% female) completed the study with no adverse effects. At the 2 week follow‐up, PNIF improved by 25.0 L/min (31% increase from baseline, p < 0.001). At the 5 week follow‐up, nasal congestion VAS improved from mean ± SD of 5.8 ± 2.4 to 2.6 ± 2.3, TNSS improved from 7.2 ± 3.5 to 3.5 ± 3.1, NOSE improved from 50.4 ± 19.9 to 23.3 ± 17.2, and SNOT‐22 improved from 31.7 ± 20.3 to 14.2 ± 12.7, all p < 0.001. Eighty percent of patients would use the device again and 87.5% would recommend to others.ConclusionSimultaneous administration of acoustic vibration and oscillating expiratory pressure appears to be a safe treatment for chronic nasal congestion. Results from this initial study are promising with regard to efficacy but will require further study.
Ligand Crosslinking Boosts Thermal Transport in Colloidal Nanocrystal Solids
Authors: Wang Zhongyong , Singaravelu Arun Sundar S. , Dai Rui , Nian Qiong , Chawla Nikhilesh , Wang Robert Y. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe ongoing interest in colloidal nanocrystal solids for electronic and photonic devices necessitates that their thermal‐transport properties be well understood because heat dissipation frequently limits performance in these devices. Unfortunately, colloidal nanocrystal solids generally possess very low thermal conductivities. This very low thermal conductivity primarily results from the weak van der Waals interaction between the ligands of adjacent nanocrystals. We overcome this thermal‐transport bottleneck by crosslinking the ligands to exchange a weak van der Waals interaction with a strong covalent bond. We obtain thermal conductivities of up to 1.7 Wm−1 K−1 that exceed prior reported values by a factor of 4. This improvement is significant because the entire range of prior reported values themselves only span a factor of 4 (i.e., 0.1–0.4 Wm−1 K−1). We complement our thermal‐conductivity measurements with mechanical nanoindentation measurements that demonstrate ligand crosslinking increases Young's modulus and sound velocity. This increase in sound velocity is a key bridge between mechanical and thermal properties because sound velocity and thermal conductivity are linearly proportional according to kinetic theory. Control experiments with non‐crosslinkable ligands, as well as transport modeling, further confirm that ligand crosslinking boosts thermal transport.
Preferred orientation of chopped fibers in polymer‐based composites processed by selective laser sintering and fused deposition modeling: Effects on mechanical properties
Authors: Badini Claudio , Padovano Elisa , De Camillis Rosario , Lambertini Vito Guido , Pietroluongo Mario 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe orientation of reinforcing fibers in polymer‐based composites greatly affects their mechanical features. It is known that different orientations of continuous fibers in the stacked layers of a laminate play a crucial role in providing an isotropic mechanical behavior, while the alignment of chopped fibers in injection molding of composites results in a degree of anisotropy. Recent additive manufacturing techniques have offered a way of controlling the fiber orientation. This article aims to investigate the effect of fiber orientation on the mechanical properties of polyamide/carbon fiber composites processed by fused deposition modeling and selective laser sintering. Tensile samples which had different fibers and layer interface with respect to the sample axis (and therefore to the tensile load) were produced. Tensile tests were performed at different strain rates; the tensile properties and the fracture surface morphology were correlated with the processing method and the sample microstructure. The best strength and stiffness were observed when the fibers and the layer interfaces were parallel to the sample axis.
Cauliflower‐like poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythipohene)/nanocrystalline cellulose/manganese oxide ternary nanocomposite for supercapacitor
Authors: Ravit Radha , Azman Nur Hawa Nabilah , Kulandaivalu Shalini , Abdullah Jaafar , Ahmad Ishak , Sulaiman Yusran 
Published: February 2020

AbstractA cauliflower‐like ternary nanocomposite of poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythipohene)/nanocrystalline cellulose/manganese oxide (PEDOT/NCC/MnO2) was synthesized using one‐step electropolymerization technique. The effect of manganese (Mn) concentration on the supercapacitive performance was investigated. The structural and morphology studies were conducted using field emission scanning electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X‐ray diffraction. The morphology of ternary nanocomposite at an optimized concentration of Mn resembles the cauliflower‐like structure. The two‐electrode electrochemical analysis of a ternary nanocomposite PEDOT/NCC/MnO2 exhibited a higher specific capacitance of 144.69 F/g at 25 mV/s in 1.0 M potassium chloride compared to PEDOT/NCC(63.57 F/g). PEDOT/NCC/MnO2 ternary nanocomposite was able to deliver a specific power of 494.9 W/kg and 10.3 Wh/kg of specific energy at 1 A g−1 and retained 83% of initial capacitance after 2,000 cycles. These promising results from the incorporation of Mn displayed great prospective in developing PEDOT/NCC/MnO2 as an electrode material for supercapacitor.
Association of Structural Entheseal Lesions With an Increased Risk of Progression From Psoriasis to Psoriatic Arthritis
Authors: Simon David , Tascilar Koray , Kleyer Arnd , Bayat Sara , Kampylafka Eleni , Sokolova Maria V. , Zekovic Ana , Hueber Axel J. , Rech Jürgen , Schuster Louis , Engel Klaus , Sticherling Michael , Schett Georg 
Published: February 2020

ObjectiveTo test whether the presence of structural entheseal lesions in psoriasis patients influences the risk of progression to psoriatic arthritis (PsA).MethodsWe conducted a prospective cohort study of psoriasis patients without clinical evidence of musculoskeletal involvement who underwent baseline assessment of structural entheseal lesions and volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) at entheseal and intraarticular sites by high‐resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography. Adjusted relative risks of developing PsA associated with baseline vBMD and the presence of structural entheseal lesions were calculated using multivariable Cox regression models.ResultsThe cohort included 114 psoriasis patients (72 men and 42 women) with a mean ± SD follow‐up duration of 28.2 ± 17.7 months, during which 24 patients developed PsA (9.7 per 100 patient‐years [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 6.2–14.5]). Patients with structural entheseal lesions were at higher risk of developing PsA compared to patients without such lesions (21.4 per 100 patient‐years [95% CI 12.5–34.3]; hazard ratio [HR] 5.10 [95% CI 1.53–16.99],P = 0.008). With respect to vBMD, a 1‐SD increase in entheseal, but not intraarticular, vBMD was associated with an ~30% reduced risk of progression to PsA. Especially, higher cortical vBMD at entheseal segments was associated with a lower risk of developing PsA (HR 0.32 per 1 SD [95% CI 0.14–0.71]), and the association remained robust after multiple imputation of missing data (HR 0.64 [95% CI 0.42–0.98]).ConclusionThe presence of structural entheseal lesions as well as low cortical vBMD at entheseal segments are associated with an increased risk of developing PsA in patients with psoriasis.
Physician Prescribing Patterns and Risk of Future Long‐Term Opioid Use Among Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Prospective Observational Cohort Study
Authors: Lee Yvonne C. , Lu Bing , Guan Hongshu , Greenberg Jeffrey D. , Kremer Joel , Solomon Daniel H. 
Published: February 2020

ObjectiveTo identify the extent to which opioid prescribing rates for patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) vary in the US and to determine the implications of baseline opioid prescribing rates on the probability of future long‐term opioid use.MethodsWe identified patients with RA from physicians who contributed ≥10 patients within the first 12 months of participation in the Corrona RA Registry. The baseline opioid prescribing rate was calculated by dividing the number of patients with RA reporting opioid use during the first 12 months by the number of patients with RA providing data that year. To estimate odds ratios (ORs) for long‐term opioid use, we used generalized linear mixed models.ResultsDuring the follow‐up period, long‐term opioid use was reported by 7.0% (163 of 2,322) of patients of physicians with a very low rate of opioid prescribing (referent) compared to 6.8% (153 of 2,254) of patients of physicians with a low prescribing rate, 12.5% (294 of 2,352) of patients of physicians with a moderate prescribing rate, and 12.7% (307 of 2,409) of patients of physicians with a high prescribing rate. The OR for long‐term opioid use after the baseline period was 1.16 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.79–1.70) for patients of low‐intensity prescribing physicians, 1.89 (95% CI 1.27–2.82) for patients of moderate‐intensity prescribing physicians, and 2.01 (95% CI 1.43–2.83) for patients of high‐intensity prescribing physicians, compared to very low‐intensity prescribing physicians.ConclusionRates of opioid prescriptions vary widely. Our findings indicate that baseline opioid prescribing rates are a strong predictor of whether a patient will become a long‐term opioid user in the future, after controlling for patient characteristics.
Electrochemistry in Carbon‐based Quantum Dots
Authors: Ding Xiaoteng , Niu Yusheng , Zhang Gong , Xu Yuanhong , Li Jinghong 
Published: February 2020

AbstractElectrochemistry belongs to an important branch of chemistry that deals with the chemical changes produced by electricity and the production of electricity by chemical changes. Therefore, it can not only act a powerful tool for materials synthesis, but also offer an effective platform for sensing and catalysis. As extraordinary zero‐dimensional materials, carbon‐based quantum dots (CQDs) have been attracting tremendous attention due to their excellent properties such as good chemical stability, environmental friendliness, nontoxicity and abundant resources. Compared with the traditional methods for the preparation of CQDs, electrochemical (EC) methods offer advantages of simple instrumentation, mild reaction conditions, low cost and mass production. In return, CQDs could provide cost‐effective, environmentally friendly, biocompatible, stable and easily‐functionalizable probes, modifiers and catalysts for EC sensing. However, no specific review has been presented to systematically summarize both aspects until now. In this review, the EC preparation methods of CQDs are critically discussed focusing on CQDs. We further emphasize the applications of CQDs in EC sensors, electrocatalysis, biofuel cells and EC flexible devices. This review will further the experimental and theoretical understanding of the challenges and future prospective in this field, open new directions on exploring new advanced CQDs in EC to meet the high demands in diverse applications.
Cloud model inversions of strong chromospheric absorption lines using principal component analysis
Authors: Dineva Ekaterina , Verma Meetu , González Manrique Sergio J. , Schwartz Pavol , Denker Carsten 
Published: February 2020

AbstractHigh‐resolution spectroscopy of strong chromospheric absorption lines delivers nowadays several millions of spectra per observing day, when using fast scanning devices to cover large regions on the solar surface. Therefore, fast and robust inversion schemes are needed to explore the large data volume. Cloud model (CM) inversions of the chromospheric Hα line are commonly employed to investigate various solar features including filaments, prominences, surges, jets, mottles, and (macro‐) spicules. The choice of the CM was governed by its intuitive description of complex chromospheric structures as clouds suspended above the solar surface by magnetic fields. This study is based on observations of active region NOAA 11126 in Hα, which were obtained November 18–23, 2010 with the echelle spectrograph of the vacuum tower telescope at the Observatorio del Teide, Spain. Principal component analysis reduces the dimensionality of spectra and conditions noise‐stripped spectra for CM inversions. Modeled Hα intensity and contrast profiles as well as CM parameters are collected in a database, which facilitates efficient processing of the observed spectra. Physical maps are computed representing the line‐core and continuum intensity, absolute contrast, equivalent width, and Doppler velocities, among others. Noise‐free spectra expedite the analysis of bisectors. The data processing is evaluated in the context of “big data,” in particular with respect to automatic classification of spectra.
Methoden zur Generierung von As‐Built‐Modellen für Bestandsbrücken
Authors: Bednorz Jennifer , Hindersmann Iris , Jaeger Klaus , Marszalik Monika 
Published: February 2020

AbstractGemäß dem Stufenplan Digitales Planen und Bauen des Bundesministeriums für Verkehr und digitale Infrastruktur (BMVI) ist ab 2020 die ganzheitliche Anwendung von Building Information Modeling (BIM) für Projekte im Infrastrukturbereich vorgesehen. Ansätze und Strategien zum Einsatz von BIM in Betrieb und Erhaltung von Brückenbauwerken liegen nur begrenzt vor. Das Ziel des Projekts ist es, die Möglichkeiten zur Erstellung von BIM‐fähigen As‐Built‐Modellen für Bestandsbrücken an einem Bauwerk zu untersuchen, anzuwenden und Empfehlungen zur Nutzung dieser Modelle in der Betriebsphase zu geben. Es wurden zwei Bauwerksmodelle anhand der Punktwolke eines Laserscans und der konventionellen Modellierung auf Grundlage von Bestandsunterlagen erstellt. Der geometrische Abgleich beider Modelle zeigt die Unterschiede von Plan‐ und Ist‐Zustand der Bestandsbrücke auf. Die Anwendungsbereiche der verschiedenen Modelle und der Aufwand zur Erstellung der Modelle werden erläutert.
RNA at DNA Double‐Strand Breaks: The Challenge of Dealing with DNA:RNA Hybrids
Authors: Domingo‐Prim Judit , Bonath Franziska , Visa Neus 
Published: February 2020

AbstractRNA polymerase II is recruited to DNA double‐strand breaks (DSBs), transcribes the sequences that flank the break and produces a novel RNA type that has been termed damage‐induced long non‐coding RNA (dilncRNA). DilncRNAs can be processed into short, miRNA‐like molecules or degraded by different ribonucleases. They can also form double‐stranded RNAs or DNA:RNA hybrids. The DNA:RNA hybrids formed at DSBs contribute to the recruitment of repair factors during the early steps of homologous recombination (HR) and, in this way, contribute to the accuracy of the DNA repair. However, if not resolved, the DNA:RNA hybrids are highly mutagenic and prevent the recruitment of later HR factors. Here recent discoveries about the synthesis, processing, and degradation of dilncRNAs are revised. The focus is on RNA clearance, a necessary step for the successful repair of DSBs and the aim is to reconcile contradictory findings on the effects of dilncRNAs and DNA:RNA hybrids in HR.
Synthesis of Injectable Shear‐Thinning Biomaterials of Various Compositions of Gelatin and Synthetic Silicate Nanoplatelet
Authors: Xue Chengbin , Xie Huifang , Eichenbaum James , Chen Yi , Wang Yonggang , van den Dolder Floor W. , Lee Junmin , Lee KangJu , Zhang Shiming , Sun Wujin , Sheikhi Amir , Ahadian Samad , Ashammakhi Nureddin , Dokmeci Mehmet R. , Kim Han‐Jun , Khademhosseini Ali 
Published: February 2020

AbstractInjectable shear‐thinning biomaterials (iSTBs) have great potential for in situ tissue regeneration through minimally invasive therapeutics. Previously, an iSTB was developed by combining gelatin with synthetic silicate nanoplatelets (SNPs) for potential application to hemostasis and endovascular embolization. Hence, iSTBs are synthesized by varying compositions of gelatin and SNPs to navigate their material, mechanical, rheological, and bioactive properties. All compositions (each component percentage; 1.5–4.5%/total solid ranges; 3–9%) tested are injectable through both 5 Fr general catheter and 2.4 Fr microcatheter by manual pressure. In the results, an increase in gelatin contents causes decrease in swellability, increase in freeze‐dried hydrogel scaffold porosity, increase in degradability and injection force during iSTB fabrication. Meanwhile, the amount of SNPs in composite hydrogels is mainly required to decrease degradability and increase shear thinning properties of iSTB. Finally, in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility tests show that the 1.5–4.5% range gelatin–SNP iSTBs are not toxic to the cells and animals. All results demonstrate that the iSTB can be modulated with specific properties for unmet clinical needs. Understanding of mechanical and biological consequences of the changing gelatin–SNP ratios through this study will shed light on the biomedical applications of iSTB on specific diseases.
PROTOCOL: Police programs that seek to increase community connectedness for reducing violent extremism behaviour, attitudes and beliefs
Authors: Mazerolle Lorraine , Cherney Adrian , Eggins Elizabeth , Higginson Angela , Hine Lorelei , Belton Emma 
Published: February 2020

AbstractCommunity engagement and connectedness are identified as potential mitigating factors for those at risk of engaging in violent extremism. Police have a critical role in promoting social inclusion and social connectedness and thereby preventing violent extremism. Thus, it is essential to understand the effectiveness of policing programs aimed at promoting community connectedness and their impact on reducing violent extremism. To date, there has been no systematic synthesis of the evaluation evidence for these policing approaches and their impact on violent extremism. This is the protocol for a review that will include any policing intervention that aims to promote community connectedness. The present proposed review is necessary to ascertain whether policing interventions that seek to promote community connectedness are effective for reducing violent extremism behaviour, attitudes and beliefs.
PROTOCOL: Adult/child ratio and group size in early childhood education or care to promote the development of children aged 0–5 years: A systematic review
Authors: Dalgaard Nina T. , Bondebjerg Anja , Klokker Rasmus , Viinholt Bjørn C. A. , Dietrichson Jens 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis is the protocol for a Campbell review. The objectives are as follows: To synthesize data from studies to assess the impact of adult/child ratio and group size in ECEC on measures of process characteristics of quality of care and on child outcome measures.