bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘Barrier dysfunction in Atopic newBorns studY’ (BABY): protocol of a Danish prospective birth cohort study
Authors: Gerner Trine , Halling Anne-Sofie , Rasmussen Rinnov Maria , Haarup Ravn Nina , Hjorslev Knudgaard Mette , Menné Bonefeld Charlotte , Ewertsen Caroline , Trautner Simon , Jakaša Ivone , Kezic Sanja , Skov Lone , Thyssen Jacob P 
Published: July 2020

IntroductionSkin barrier development and dysfunction in premature and mature newborns is important for the risk of atopic dermatitis (AD).Methods and analysisThe Barrier dysfunction in Atopic newBorns studY (BABY) Cohort is a prospective birth cohort study of 150 preterm children (gestational age (GA) below 37+0) and 300 term children (GA 37+0 to 41+6). Skin barrier is assessed through transepidermal water loss, tape stripping, Raman-spectroscopy and microbiome sampling. Clinical examinations are done and DNA from buccal swabs is collected for genetic analyses. Thymus size is assessed by ultrasound examination. Information on pregnancy, delivery, parental exposures and diseases are collected, and structured telephone interviews are conducted at 18 and 24 months to assess exogenous exposures in the child and onset of AD. Hanifin and Rajka criteria as well as The UK Working Party's Diagnostic Criteria for Atopic Dermatitis are used to diagnose AD. Severity of AD is assessed using the Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) and Patient Oriented Eczema Measure (POEM).Ethics and disseminationThe study is approved by the scientific Ethical Committee of the Capital Region (H-16042289 and H-16042294).Outcomes will be presented at national and international conferences and in peer-reviewed publications.
Balloon versus Amplatz for tract dilation in fluoroscopically guided percutaneous nephrolithotomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Peng Pan-xin , Lai Shi-cong , Seery Samuel , He Yu-hui , Zhao Hang , Wang Xu-ming , Zhang Guan 
Published: July 2020

ObjectiveTo compare the safety and efficacy of balloon and Amplatz for tract dilation in fluoroscopically guided percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL).MethodEMBASE, PUBMED, MEDLINE and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched for pertinent studies up until 30 October 2019. Pooled effects were calculated as ORs with 95% CIs or mean differences (MD) with 95% CIs. Endpoints included postoperative decrease in haemoglobin, transfusion rate, complication rate, successful dilation rate, stone-free rate, fluoroscopy time, access time, total operation time and length of postoperative hospitalisation (LPH). Bonferroni’s correction was intercalated to reduce the likelihood of making a meta-analytical false positive.ResultsOne randomised controlled trial and five controlled clinical trials were included, which involved 1317 patients in total. We found a lower drop in postoperative haemoglobin for patients receiving balloon dilation compared with those in the Amplatz group (MD=−0.21, 95% CI −0.33 to 0.09, p=0.0005; Bonferroni correction a=0.005). Access time in the balloon group was also, on average, 2.61 min shorter than the Amplatz group (MD=−2.61, 95% CI −4.20 to 1.01, p=0.001; Bonferroni correction a=0.005). No significant differences were identified between the two dilation methods in terms of transfusion rate, complication rate, successful dilation rate, stone-free rate, fluoroscopy time, total operation time and LPH.ConclusionBalloon dilation is a safe and effective tract dilation technique for access creation during fluoroscopically guided PCNL. Both of methods have similar success rates although balloon dilation is associated with significantly less postoperative haemoglobin decline and shorter access time. Therefore, balloon dilation appears to be the superior tract dilation technique, but further confirmatory research is required to confirm these findings.
Catalonia Suicide Risk Code Epidemiology (CSRC-Epi) study: protocol for a population-representative nested case–control study of suicide attempts in Catalonia, Spain
Authors: Mortier Philippe , Vilagut Gemma , Puértolas Gracia Beatriz , De Inés Trujillo Ana , Alayo Bueno Itxaso , Ballester Coma Laura , Blasco Cubedo María Jesús , Cardoner Narcís , Colls Cristina , Elices Matilde , Garcia-Altes Anna , Gené Badia Manel , Gómez Sánchez Javier , Martín Sánchez Mario , Morros Rosa , Prat Pubill Bibiana , Qin Ping , Mehlum Lars , Kessler Ronald C , Palao Diego , Pérez Sola Víctor , Alonso Jordi 
Published: July 2020

IntroductionSuicide attempts represent an important public health burden. Centralised electronic health record (EHR) systems have high potential to provide suicide attempt surveillance, to inform public health action aimed at reducing risk for suicide attempt in the population, and to provide data-driven clinical decision support for suicide risk assessment across healthcare settings. To exploit this potential, we designed the Catalonia Suicide Risk Code Epidemiology (CSRC-Epi) study. Using centralised EHR data from the entire public healthcare system of Catalonia, Spain, the CSRC-Epi study aims to estimate reliable suicide attempt incidence rates, identify suicide attempt risk factors and develop validated suicide attempt risk prediction tools.Methods and analysisThe CSRC-Epi study is registry-based study, specifically, a two-stage exposure-enriched nested case–control study of suicide attempts during the period 2014–2019 in Catalonia, Spain. The primary study outcome consists of first and repeat attempts during the observation period. Cases will come from a case register linked to a suicide attempt surveillance programme, which offers in-depth psychiatric evaluations to all Catalan residents who present to clinical care with any suspected risk for suicide. Predictor variables will come from centralised EHR systems representing all relevant healthcare settings. The study’s sampling frame will be constructed using population-representative administrative lists of Catalan residents. Inverse probability weights will restore representativeness of the original population. Analysis will include the calculation of age-standardised and sex-standardised suicide attempt incidence rates. Logistic regression will identify suicide attempt risk factors on the individual level (ie, relative risk) and the population level (ie, population attributable risk proportions). Machine learning techniques will be used to develop suicide attempt risk prediction tools.Ethics and disseminationThis protocol is approved by the Parc de Salut Mar Clinical Research Ethics Committee (2017/7431/I). Dissemination will include peer-reviewed scientific publications, scientific reports for hospital and government authorities, and updated clinical guidelines.Trial registration numberNCT04235127.
Relationship between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and endothelial function in women: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Takaeko Yuji , Matsui Shogo , Kajikawa Masato , Maruhashi Tatsuya , Yamaji Takayuki , Harada Takahiro , Han Yiming , Hashimoto Haruki , Kihara Yasuki , Hida Eisuke , Chayama Kazuaki , Goto Chikara , Aibara Yoshiki , Yusoff Farina Mohamad , Kishimoto Shinji , Nakashima Ayumu , Higashi Yukihito 
Published: July 2020

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels and endothelial function in women.DesignCross-sectional study.Setting22 university hospitals and affiliated clinics in Japan.Participants1719 Japanese women aged 17–90 years who were not receiving lipid-lowering therapy.MeasuresWe evaluated flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD) and serum levels of HDL-C. All participants were divided into four groups by HDL-C level: low HDL-C (<40 mg/dL), moderate HDL-C (40–59 mg/dL), high HDL-C (60–79 md/dL) and extremely high HDL-C (≥80 mg/dL).ResultsUnivariate regression analysis revealed a significant relationship between FMD and HDL-C (r=0.12, p<0.001). FMD values were significantly smaller in the low HDL-C group (5.2%±3.8%) and moderate HDL-C group (5.2%±3.8%) than in the extremely high HDL-C group (6.7%±3.4%) (p=0.024 and p=0.003, respectively), while there was no significant difference in FMD between the high HDL-C group and the extremely high HDL-C group. Multiple logistic regression analysis did not show a significant association between HDL-C levels and FMD.ConclusionsEndothelial function increased in relation to HDL-C levels. However, there was no association of HDL-C levels with endothelial function after adjustment of traditional cardiovascular risk factors in women.Trial registration numberUMIN000012950; Results.
Injection Molded Autoclavable, Scalable, Conformable (iMASC) system for aerosol-based protection: a prospective single-arm feasibility study
Authors: Byrne James D , Wentworth Adam J , Chai Peter R , Huang Hen-Wei , Babaee Sahab , Li Canchen , Becker Sarah L , Tov Caitlynn , Min Seokkee , Traverso Giovanni 
Published: July 2020

ObjectiveTo develop and test a new reusable, sterilisable N95 filtering facepiece respirator (FFR)-comparable face mask, known as the Injection Molded Autoclavable, Scalable, Conformable (iMASC) system, given the dire need for personal protective equipment within healthcare settings during the COVID-19 pandemic.DesignSingle-arm feasibility study.SettingEmergency department and outpatient oncology clinic.ParticipantsHealthcare workers who have previously undergone N95 fit testing.InterventionsFit testing of new iMASC system.Primary and secondary outcome measuresPrimary outcome is success of fit testing using an Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)-approved testing method, and secondary outcomes are user experience with fit, breathability and filter replacement.ResultsTwenty-four subjects were recruited to undergo fit testing, and the average age of subjects was 41 years (range of 21–65 years) with an average body mass index of 26.5 kg/m2. The breakdown of participants by profession was 46% nurses (n=11), 21% attending physicians (n=5), 21% resident physicians (n=5) and 12% technicians (n=3). Of these participants, four did not perform the fit testing due to the inability to detect saccharin solution on premask placement sensitivity test, lack of time and inability to place mask over hair. All participants (n=20) who performed the fit test were successfully fitted for the iMASC system using an OSHA-approved testing method. User experience with the iMASC system, as evaluated using a Likert scale with a score of 1 indicating excellent and a score of 5 indicating very poor, demonstrated an average fit score of 1.75, breathability of 1.6, and ease of replacing the filter on the mask was scored on average as 2.05.ConclusionsThe iMASC system was shown to successfully fit multiple different face sizes and shapes using an OSHA-approved testing method. These data support further certification testing needed for use in the healthcare setting.
Identifying and encouraging high-quality healthcare: an analysis of the content and aims of patient letters of compliment
Authors: Gillespie Alex , Reader Tom W 
Published: July 2020

BackgroundAlthough healthcare institutions receive many unsolicited compliment letters, these are not systematically conceptualised or analysed. We conceptualise compliment letters as simultaneously identifying and encouraging high-quality healthcare. We sought to identify the practices being complimented and the aims of writing these letters, and we test whether the aims vary when addressing front-line staff compared with senior management.MethodsA national sample of 1267 compliment letters was obtained from 54 English hospitals. Manual classification examined the practices reported as praiseworthy, the aims being pursued and who the letter was addressed to.ResultsThe practices being complimented were in the relationship (77% of letters), clinical (50%) and management (30%) domains. Across these domains, 39% of compliments focused on voluntary non-routine extra-role behaviours (eg, extra-emotional support, staying late to run an extra test). The aims of expressing gratitude were to acknowledge (80%), reward (44%) and promote (59%) the desired behaviour. Front-line staff tended to receive compliments acknowledging behaviour, while senior management received compliments asking them to reward individual staff and promoting the importance of relationship behaviours.ConclusionsCompliment letters reveal that patients value extra-role behaviour in clinical, management and especially relationship domains. However, compliment letters do more than merely identify desirable healthcare practices. By acknowledging, rewarding and promoting these practices, compliment letters can potentially contribute to healthcare services through promoting desirable behaviours and giving staff social recognition.
KNOWLEDGE-ORIENTED LEADERSHIP AND OPEN INNOVATION: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF KNOWLEDGE PROCESS AND INFRASTRUCTURE CAPABILITY
Authors: SHEHZAD MUHAMMAD USMAN , DAVIS KATE , SHAKIL AHMAD MUHAMMAD 
Published: July 2020

Purpose: The study aims to examine the causal relationships among knowledge-oriented leadership (KOL), open innovation (OI), knowledge infrastructure capability (KIC) and knowledge process capability (KPC). This study also explored the mediating role of knowledge infrastructure capability (KIC) and knowledge process capability (KPC) in the relationship between knowledge-oriented leadership and open innovation.Design/methodology/approach: The study collected primary data via a standardized questionnaire comprising a sample of 305 pharmaceutical and health sector employees in Pakistan. Hypotheses were tested through structural equation modeling.Findings: The results display the significant causal relationships among the variables and knowledge infrastructure and process capability and these significantly mediate the relationship between knowledge-oriented leadership and two-dimensional open innovation. Furthermore, this study found an insignificant effect of KOL on inbound open innovation.Limitation: The findings of the paper are based on the data collected from the Pakistan pharmaceutical and health sector. In future, to accommodate the issue of generalizability, the framework can be used for samples from other countries.Practical Implication: This study provides evidence that leadership is one of the most crucial sources that can aid in organizational effectiveness when dealing with knowledge by developing infrastructure and improving processes to enhance innovative outcomes.
Enzalutamide, an Androgen Receptor Antagonist, Enhances Myeloid Cell–Mediated Immune Suppression and Tumor Progression
Authors: Consiglio Camila R. , Udartseva Olga , Ramsey Kimberly D. , Bush Chioma , Gollnick Sandra O. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Androgen receptor (AR) antagonism increases overall survival in prostate cancer; however, treatment failure leads to tumor progression and patient mortality. The effect of AR modulation on AR+ nontumor cells that participate in the resistance to AR antagonism is poorly understood. Tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells, including macrophages and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC), express AR and promote prostate cancer progression. We investigated how AR antagonism affects myeloid cell function and metabolism in an AR-independent murine colon tumor model. Systemic blockade of AR with enzalutamide resulted in increased MC-38 tumor growth in vivo even when AR was knocked out of MC-38 tumor cells. MC-38 tumor growth was also increased when immunocompetent, but not immunodeficient, mice were coinjected with tumor cells and MDSCs treated with enzalutamide or lacking AR, suggesting that AR regulated the ability of MDSCs to suppress adaptive immunity. Myeloid AR-knockout male mice also displayed increased growth of TRAMP C2 prostate tumors when compared with wild type. Inhibition of AR signaling suppressed mitochondrial respiration in myeloid cells via MPC/AMPK signaling pathways; suppression of mitochondrial respiration increased MDSC tumor–promoting functions. Our work showed that AR regulates a tumor-promoting myeloid cell phenotype and influences myeloid cell metabolism. These findings suggest that tumor resistance to AR antagonism is due, in part, to changes in myeloid cell function and metabolism.
Activation of CD8+ T Cells Contributes to Antitumor Effects of CDK4/6 Inhibitors plus MEK Inhibitors
Authors: Teh Jessica L.F. , Erkes Dan A. , Cheng Phil F. , Tiago Manoela , Wilski Nicole A. , Field Conroy O. , Chervoneva Inna , Levesque Mitch P. , Xu Xiaowei , Dummer Reinhard , Aplin Andrew E. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Concurrent MEK and CDK4/6 inhibition shows promise in clinical trials for patients with advanced-stage mutant BRAF/NRAS solid tumors. The effects of CDK4/6 inhibitor (CDK4/6i) in combination with BRAF/MEK-targeting agents on the tumor immune microenvironment are unclear, especially in melanoma, for which immune checkpoint inhibitors are effective in approximately 50% of patients. Here, we show that patients progressing on CDK4/6i/MEK pathway inhibitor combinations exhibit T-cell exclusion. We found that MEK and CDK4/6 targeting was more effective at delaying regrowth of mutant BRAF melanoma in immunocompetent versus immune-deficient mice. Although MEK inhibitor (MEKi) treatment increased tumor immunogenicity and intratumoral recruitment of CD8+ T cells, the main effect of CDK4/6i alone and in combination with MEKi was increased expression of CD137L, a T-cell costimulatory molecule on immune cells. Depletion of CD8+ T cells or blockade of the CD137 ligand–receptor interaction reduced time to regrowth of melanomas in the context of treatment with CDK4/6i plus MEKi treatment in vivo. Together, our data outline an antitumor immune-based mechanism and show the efficacy of targeting both the MEK pathway and CDK4/6.
CD40 Agonist Restores the Antitumor Efficacy of Anti-PD1 Therapy in Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer in an IFN I/II-Mediated Manner
Authors: Leblond Marine M. , Tillé Laure , Nassiri Sina , Gilfillan Connie B. , Imbratta Claire , Schmittnaegel Martina , Ries Carola H. , Speiser Daniel E. , Verdeil Grégory 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Bladder cancer is one of the most common malignancies and has poor prognosis for patients with locally advanced, muscle-invasive, disease despite the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade. To develop more effective immunotherapy strategies, we studied a genetic mouse model carrying deletion of Tp53 and Pten in the bladder, which recapitulates bladder cancer tumorigenesis and gene expression patterns found in patients. We discovered that tumor cells became more malignant and the tumor immune microenvironment evolved from an inflammatory to an immunosuppressive state. Accordingly, treatment with anti-PD1 was ineffective, but resistance to anti-PD1 therapy was overcome by combination with a CD40 agonist (anti-CD40), leading to strong antitumor immune responses. Mechanistically, this combination led to CD8+ T-cell recruitment from draining lymph nodes. CD8+ T cells induced an IFNγ-dependent repolarization toward M1-like/IFNβ-producing macrophages. CD8+ T cells, macrophages, IFN I, and IFN II were all necessary for tumor control, as demonstrated in vivo by the administration of blocking antibodies. Our results identify essential cross-talk between innate and adaptive immunity to control tumor development in a model representative of anti-PD1–resistant human bladder cancer and provide scientific rationale to target CD40 in combination with blocking antibodies, such as anti-PD1/PD-L1, for muscle-invasive bladder cancer.
Potent Cytolytic Activity and Specific IL15 Delivery in a Second-Generation Trispecific Killer Engager
Authors: Felices Martin , Lenvik Todd R. , Kodal Behiye , Lenvik Alexander J. , Hinderlie Peter , Bendzick Laura E. , Schirm Dawn K. , Kaminski Michael F. , McElmurry Ron T. , Geller Melissa A. , Eckfeldt Craig E. , Vallera Daniel A. , Miller Jeffrey S. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are potent immune modulators that can quickly lyse tumor cells and elicit inflammatory responses. These characteristics make them ideal candidates for immunotherapy. However, unlike T cells, NK cells do not possess clonotypic receptors capable of specific antigen recognition and cannot expand via activating receptor signals alone. To enable NK cells with these capabilities, we created and have previously described a tri-specific killer engager (TriKE) platform capable of inducing antigen specificity and cytokine-mediated NK-cell expansion. TriKE molecules have three arms: (i) a single-chain variable fragment (scFv) against the activating receptor CD16 on NK cells to trigger NK-cell activation, (ii) an scFv against a tumor-associated antigen (CD33 here) to induce specific tumor target recognition, and (iii) an IL15 moiety to trigger NK-cell expansion and priming. Here, we demonstrate that by modifying the anti-CD16 scFv with a humanized single-domain antibody against CD16, we improved TriKE functionality. A CD33-targeting second-generation TriKE induced stronger and more specific NK-cell proliferation without T-cell stimulation, enhanced in vitro NK-cell activation and killing of CD33-expressing targets, and improved tumor control in preclinical mouse models. Given these improved functional characteristics, we propose rapid translation of second-generation TriKEs into the clinic.
Análise eletromiográfica do músculo deltoide em diferentes posições de contração isométrica voluntária máxima
Authors: Lima Cláudia Silveira , Kuckartz Bruno Tomasi , Correa Cleiton Silva , Marsico Cristine , Michel Rafael Cristane , Pinto Ronei Silveira 
Published: July 2020

Diferentes posições articulares são utilizadas para realizar a contração isométrica voluntária máxima (CIVM) que servirá de referência para normalização do sinal eletromiográfico (EMG), porém em muitas destas posições não se verifica a máxima ativação do músculo deltoide. O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a atividade elétrica das três partes deste músculo em diferentes posições articulares durante CIVMs e determinar em quais dessas são obtidas as maiores ativações musculares, para utilização na normalização do sinal EMG. A amostra foi constituída de 12 indivíduos do sexo masculino com idades entre 20 e 30 anos, treinados em força. Foi mensurada a ativação a partir da utilização da eletromiografia de superfície em seis posições articulares para a parte clavicular do músculo deltoide e em mais seis posições articulares para as partes acromial e espinal. Foi calculada, posteriormente, o valor RMS do sinal EMG de cada porção do músculo deltóide (clavicular, acromial e espinal). Para comparar essas ativações em relação ao fator posição, que inclui as seis posições de CIVM avaliadas, aplicou-se ANOVA de medidas repetidas, com teste post-hoc LSD, adotando um nível de significância de 5%. Para a parte clavicular do músculo deltoide, a posição de maior valor RMS foi em pé com flexão de ombro a 90° e realizando uma flexão do ombro; para as partes espinal e acromial foi em pé com abdução de ombro a 90º e executando uma extensão horizontal. Assim, estas posições articulares parecem ser as mais propícias para mensuração da máxima ativação das três partes do músculo deltoide durante as CIVMs, sendo adequada a utilização do sinal EMG obtido nestas condições para o posterior processo de normalização.