bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
9,9‐Dimethylxanthene Derivatives with Room‐Temperature Phosphorescence: Substituent Effects and Emissive Properties
Authors: Liao Qiuyan , Gao Qihe , Wang Jiaqiang , Gong Yanbing , Peng Qian , Tian Yu , Fan Yuanyuan , Guo Haojie , Ding Dan , Li Qianqian , Li Zhen 
Published: January 2020

AbstractRoom‐temperature phosphorescence (RTP) emitters with ultralong lifetimes are emerging as attractive targets because of their potential applications in bioimaging, security, and other areas. But their development is limited by ambiguous mechanisms and poor understanding of the correlation of the molecular structure and RTP properties. Herein, different substituents on the 9,9‐dimethylxanthene core (XCO) result in compounds with RTP lifetimes ranging from 52 to 601 ms, which are tunable by intermolecular interactions and molecular configurations. XCO‐PiCl shows the most persistent RTP because of its reduced steric bulk and multiple sites of the 1‐chloro‐2‐methylpropan‐2‐yl (PiCl) moiety for forming intermolecular interactions in the aggregated state. The substituent effects reported provide an efficient molecular design of organic RTP materials and establishes relationships among molecular structures, intermolecular interactions, and RTP properties.
A Photoactivated Cu–CeO2 Catalyst with Cu‐[O]‐Ce Active Species Designed through MOF Crystal Engineering
Authors: Wang Feifan , Tian Jie , Li Mengzhu , Li Weizhen , Chen Lifang , Liu Xiaozhi , Li Jian , Muhetaer Aidaer , Li Qi , Wang Yuan , Gu Lin , Ma Ding , Xu Dongsheng 
Published: January 2020

AbstractFully utilizing solar energy for catalysis requires the integration of conversion mechanisms and therefore delicate design of catalyst structures and active species. Herein, a MOF crystal engineering method was developed to controllably synthesize a copper–ceria catalyst with well‐dispersed photoactive Cu‐[O]‐Ce species. Using the preferential oxidation of CO as a model reaction, the catalyst showed remarkably efficient and stable photoactivated catalysis, which found practical application in feed gas treatment for fuel cell gas supply. The coexistence of photochemistry and thermochemistry effects contributes to the high efficiency. Our results demonstrate a catalyst design approach with atomic or molecular precision and a combinatorial photoactivation strategy for solar energy conversion.
Influence of rotation angle of a triangular tube with a built‐in twisted tape on the thermal‐exergy efficiency and entropy generation of nanofluids in the heat exchange system
Authors: Qi Cong , Li Chunyang , Zhao Gongbin , Liu Maoni , Han Dongtai 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn order to investigate the thermal‐exergy efficiency and entropy generation of nanofluids flowing through a triangular tube with a built‐in twisted tape, a heat exchange system is designed and established. Deionized water and three mass concentration nanofluids (ω = 0.1 wt%, 0.3 wt%, and 0.5 wt%) are applied as the heat‐transfer mediums flowing through three different rotation angle (α = 0°, 30°, and 60°) triangular tubes, respectively. Thermal efficiency index (η) and entropy generation (S) are used to characterize the performance of the heat exchange system. It is proved that the increase of nanoparticles can not only effectively promote the heat transfer effect but also augment the pressure loss. Nusselt number of nanofluids is increased by 20.2% on average, whereas the flow resistance coefficient is increased by 10.1% on average. Based on the thermal efficiency index, the data demonstrate that ω = 0.5 wt% nanofluids in the triangular tube at α = 0° can make the most effective use of energy, whose value could reach 1.32 at most. Exergy efficiency of nanofluids in the heat exchange system can be evidently heightened under the same pumping power and flow rate. Entropy production of 0.1 wt% nanofluids is the smallest.
Event‐triggered sliding mode control for time‐delay uncertain systems
Authors: Feng Jianlin , Hao Fei 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis paper addresses the event‐triggered sliding mode control to solve the stabilization problem of linear uncertain systems with time delays. First, the sufficient conditions for the existence of linear sliding surface for uncertain systems are derived in terms of linear matrix inequalities. Then, the sufficient conditions for the existence of linear sliding surface for time‐delay uncertain systems are given. The robust controller is designed based on the event‐triggering mechanism to stabilize the time‐delay uncertain systems. Moreover, it is proved that under the proposed event‐triggered sliding mode control, the corresponding triggering instants does not exhibit accumulation of triggering instants. Finally, a numerical example is given to illustrate the efficiency and feasibility of the proposed results.
Dynamic and static feedback control for second order infinite‐dimensional systems
Authors: Wei Jing , Guo Bao‐Zhu 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis paper considers dynamic feedback stabilization for abstract second‐order systems, where the dynamic feedback controller is designed as another abstract second order infinite/finite‐dimensional system. This makes the closed‐loop system PDE‐PDE or PDE‐ODE coupled. The stability of the closed‐loop system is found to have three different cases. We first consider the dynamic feedback control in a general Hilbert space which is usually different from the control space. It is shown that the stability of the closed‐loop systems under the dynamic and static feedbacks are usually not equivalent. However, if the dynamic control law is a copy of the original system, we deduce, under some conditions, that the coupled system is exponentially stable if and only if the static feedback closed‐loop system is exponentially stable. When the dynamic feedback is designed in the control space, the closed‐loop system is asymptotically stable if and only if static feedback closed‐loop system is asymptotically stable.
Cp*RhIII‐Catalyzed Sterically Controlled C(sp3)−H Selective Mono‐ and Diarylation of 8‐Methylquinolines with Organoborons**
Authors: Kumar Rakesh , Parmar Diksha , Gupta Shiv Shankar , Chandra Devesh , Dhiman Ankit Kumar , Sharma Upendra 
Published: January 2020

AbstractHerein, the RhIII‐catalyzed selective monoarylation and diarylation (symmetrical and unsymmetrical) of 8‐methylquinolines with organoboron reagents are disclosed. The selective monoarylation of primary C(sp3)−H bonds is achieved by using 7‐substituted 8‐methylquinolines or by changing the quantity of the aryl boronic acids. The method is also applicable for the arylation of 2‐ethylpyridines, and the heteroarylation with thiophene‐2‐ylboronic acids. Symmetrical and unsymmetrical diarylation of 8‐methylquinolines have been carried out in one‐pot and sequential manner, respectively. Late‐stage monoarylation of oxime derivatives and gram‐scale synthesis of monoarylated products has also been carried out. A mechanistic study revealed that the current reaction is first order with respect to both reactants and a five‐membered rhodacycle intermediate may be involved in the catalytic cycle.
Highly Enantioselective, Organocatalytic, and Scalable Synthesis of a Rare cis,cis‐Tricyclic Diterpenoid
Authors: Townsend Daniel , Shankland Kenneth , Weymouth‐Wilson Alex , Komsta Zofia , Evans Tim , Cobb Alexander J. A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA highly enantioselective, organocatalytic, and scalable synthesis of a very unusual cis‐decalin‐cis‐hydrindane tricyclic diterpenoid system has been achieved. Despite the prevalent pharmacological space that the related trans,trans and trans,cis‐systems occupy, there have been no reports of an asymmetric synthesis of the cis,cis systems in the literature until now. We demonstrate the flexibility of our approach not only through access to a diverse range of products, all of which are attained in exceptionally high selectivities, but also by showing their easy conversion to the corresponding trans,cis‐system and other derivatives.
Construction of consistency judgment system of diploma policy and curriculum policy using character‐level CNN
Authors: Miyazaki Kazuteru , Ida Masaaki 
Published: January 2020

AbstractHigher education institutions or universities secure the quality of their education in order to build the confidence of stakeholders. In the mechanism of quality assurance, it is necessary to handle an enormous amount of text data related to their education activities. National Institution for Academic Degrees and Quality Enhancement of Higher Education conducts a research for quality assurance to analyze the text data of their admission, curriculum, and diploma policies. An effective support system for text information processing by using information technology is desired. In this paper, we will consider the mechanism of preliminary system using character‐level convolutional neural networks to judge the consistency between diploma policy and curriculum policy.
New Disposable Electrochemical Paper‐based Microfluidic Device with Multiplexed Electrodes for Biomarkers Determination in Urine Sample
Authors: Fava Elson Luiz , Martimiano do Prado Thiago , Almeida Silva Tiago , Cruz de Moraes Fernando , Censi Faria Ronaldo , Fatibello‐Filho Orlando 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA disposable electrochemical paper‐based analytical device was constructed based on use of sequential analysis with multiplexed working electrodes and applied for the determination of glucose, creatinine, and uric acid. The device was constructed with 16 microfluidic channels, with 16 working electrodes arranged in four set with four components surrounding the sample injection hole. In addition, a commercial multiplexing module was used, which allowed for multiplexing of the 16 working electrodes. This design allowed for radial and homogeneous sample elution to each sensing spot for high throughput analysis. In the multiplexed determinations, distinct electrochemical procedures were employed for each analyte. Furthermore, each working electrode spot was modified to increase the respective analytical signals. For glucose detection, the sensor was based on electron mediation by ferrocenecarboxylic acid over the modified surface with glucose oxidase. The principle for creatinine detection was based on electrochemical reduction of non‐complexed Fe3+ in excess after complex formation between Fe3+ and creatinine in the chemical step. The anodic peak current responses for uric acid detection increased due to working electrode surface modification with carbon black nanoparticles. In the multiplexed analysis, the device provided limits of detection of 0.120 mmol L−1, 0.084 mmol L−1, and 0.012 mmol L−1 for glucose, creatinine, and uric acid, respectively. The developed device was successfully applied in the analyses of real urine samples.
Quantifying glacial erosion on a limestone bed and the relevance for landscape development in the Alps
Authors: Steinemann Olivia , Ivy‐Ochs Susan , Grazioli Sandra , Luetscher Marc , Fischer Urs H. , Vockenhuber Christof , Synal Hans‐Arno 
Published: January 2020

AbstractGlacial erosion is the basic process that has shaped the landscapes of the Alps. Despite intense research over centuries, and the use of various techniques, determination of glacial erosion rates remains challenging. This is not only because the location where the process occurs is almost inaccessible, but also because it is dependent on many different factors, including ice thickness and velocity, glacier thermal regime and lithology. Reported glacial erosion rates range over several orders of magnitude (0.01 to >10 mm a−1). Most studies focus on crystalline bedrock, whereas few researchers have investigated glacial erosion on limestone. Here we analyse glacially polished bedrock surfaces at the recently deglaciated forefield of the Tsanfleuron glacier, Swiss Alps. The nearly horizontally bedded limestone hosts a well‐developed karst system. Meltwater from the glacier drains into the subsurface within a few metres of the ice margin. By combining geomorphological mapping, measurement of cosmogenic 36Cl concentrations of glacially eroded bedrock surfaces and a numerical model (MECED), we quantify at each sample location the amount of rock removed during glacier occupation. The glacial erosion rates calculated from these values range from 0 to 0.08 mm a−1. These are orders of magnitude lower than values measured at comparable sites on crystalline bedrock. The high 36Cl concentrations we measured show that the Tsanfleuron glacier was unable to effectively erode the gently dipping, strongly karstified limestone. We suggest that this effect may play a key role in formation and preservation over many glacial cycles of high‐elevation, low‐relief limestone plateaus in the Alps. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Honokiol, an active compound of Magnolia officinalis, is involved in restoring normal baroreflex sensitivity in hypercholesterolemic rabbits
Authors: Chou Pei‐Yu , Chang Weng‐Cheng , Liu Fon‐Chang , Lan Shou‐Jen , Sheu Ming‐Jyh , Chen Jwo‐Sheng 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis study investigated the effects of methanol extract Magnolia officinalis (MEMO) on baroreceptor reflex sensitivity (BRS) in the hypercholesterolemic rabbits and the involved molecular mechanisms. Male New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into Control (normal diet), Cholesterol (0.5% w/w cholesterol diet), and Magnolia groups (0.5% w/w cholesterol diet plus 1% w/w MEMO). The animals were treated with the designated diet for 4 or 8 weeks. BRS in the control of heart rate was assessed by linear regression method. After 8 weeks of treatments, plasma total cholesterol (TC) was significantly elevated in the Cholesterol/Magnolia groups. The arterial blood pressure (aBP) was increased in the Cholesterol and Magnolia groups. The depression of BRS observed in the Cholesterol group was significantly ameliorated in the Magnolia group. After L‐NAME (Nω‐nitro‐Larginine methyl ester, 20 mg/kg, iv), the BRS of the Cholesterol group was significantly improved. Results from our in vitro study further indicated that honokiol, the principle component of MEMO, would protect human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) from H2O2‐induced damages and inhibit H2O2‐induced vascular smooth muscles cells (VSMCs) proliferation, which was evident by the decreased expression of pFAK, and p‐Erk1/2. The results of the present study suggested that the improvement of BRS by MEMO in the hypercholesterolemic rabbits might be mediated by the antioxidant property of MEMO as indicated by the results from the L‐NAME and in vitro honokiol studies.
miR‐449c‐5p availability is antagonized by circ‐NOTCH1 for MYC‐induced NOTCH1 upregulation as well as tumor metastasis and stemness in gastric cancer
Authors: Zhao Xiaoyong , Zhong Qinggui , Cheng Xueyan , Wang Shang , Wu Ruiqing , Leng Xinling , Shao Lei 
Published: January 2020

AbstractGastric cancer (GC), identified as the most common gastrointestinal malignancy, is one of the primary causes of cancer‐related mortality in the world. Although surgery and chemotherapy for GC treatment have been improved, the 5‐year overall survival rate is still unsatisfactory. Circ‐NOTCH1 is a novel circular RNA derived from its host gene NOTCH1, and has not been studied in any cancers. Here we explored the potential role and mediatory mechanism of circ‐NOTCH1 in GC. In this study, circ‐NOTCH1 exhibited increased expression in GC tissues and cells. Suppression of circ‐NOTCH1 inhibited cell migration, invasion, tumor spheroids number, and side population ratio. Circ‐NOTCH1 also promoted GC growth and metastasis in vivo. Additionally, it was found that circ‐NOTCH1 could bind to miR‐449c‐5p. Circ‐NOTCH1 promoted metastasis and stemness in GC through sponging miR‐449c‐5p. Subsequently, MYC was identified as a downstream gene of miR‐449c‐5p. MYC could bind to the promoter of NOTCH1 to regulate GC progression. Furthermore, rescue assays demonstrated that NOTCH1 knockdown reversed the effects of overexpression of MYC in metastasis and stemness in AGS cells/sh‐circNOTCH1. Above findings explained that circ‐NOTCH1 promoted metastasis and stemness in GC by targeting miR‐449c‐5p/MYC/NOTCH1 axis, suggesting the possibility of circ‐NOTCH1 as a therapeutic marker for GC.
PIAS4, upregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma, promotes tumorigenicity and metastasis
Authors: Liu Qiang , Zhou Baoyong , Liao Rui , Zhou Xiong , Yan Xiong 
Published: January 2020

AbstractProtein inhibitor of activated STAT4 (PIAS4) protein has been implicated in regulating various biological activities including protein posttranslational modification, such as SUMOylation. In this study, we explored the roles of PIAS4 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We analyzed the PIAS4 expression in cancer tissues and paracancerous tissues from 38 HCC patients and its correlation with patients' prognosis. In vitro, PIAS4 was overexpressed or knockdowned in Huh‐7 and HepG‐2 cells. Then Cell Counting Kit‐8 assay, flow cytometry, and Transwell assay were performed to assess cell viability, apoptosis, migration, and invasion, respectively. Furthermore, SUMOylation of AMPKα and NEMO mediated by PIAS4 was investigated. The results showed that the PIAS4 expression was significantly upregulated in cancer tissues and was correlated with poor prognosis in HCC patients. PIAS4 silencing blocked the SUMOylation of AMPKα and NEMO, leading to enhanced cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. In addition, inhibition of AMPKα or NEMO by siRNAs attenuated the effect of PIAS4 silencing on Huh‐7 and HepG‐2 cells. In summary, our findings suggest that PIAS4 promotes tumorigenicity and metastasis of HCC cells by promoting the SUMOylation of AMPKα and NEMO.
Recent advances in the detection of respiratory virus infection in humans
Authors: Zhang Naru , Wang Lili , Deng Xiaoqian , Liang Ruiying , Su Meng , He Chen , Hu Lanfang , Su Yudan , Ren Jing , Yu Fei , Du Lanying , Jiang Shibo 
Published: January 2020

AbstractRespiratory tract viral infection caused by viruses or bacteria is one of the most common diseases in human worldwide, while those caused by emerging viruses, such as the novel coronavirus, 2019‐nCoV that caused the pneumonia outbreak in Wuhan, China most recently, have posed great threats to global public health. Identification of the causative viral pathogens of respiratory tract viral infections is important to select an appropriate treatment, save people's lives, stop the epidemics, and avoid unnecessary use of antibiotics. Conventional diagnostic tests, such as the assays for rapid detection of antiviral antibodies or viral antigens, are widely used in many clinical laboratories. With the development of modern technologies, new diagnostic strategies, including multiplex nucleic acid amplification and microarray‐based assays, are emerging. This review summarizes currently available and novel emerging diagnostic methods for the detection of common respiratory viruses, such as influenza virus, human respiratory syncytial virus, coronavirus, human adenovirus, and human rhinovirus. Multiplex assays for simultaneous detection of multiple respiratory viruses are also described. It is anticipated that such data will assist researchers and clinicians to develop appropriate diagnostic strategies for timely and effective detection of respiratory virus infections.
On‐Chip Hyperuniform Lasers for Controllable Transitions in Disordered Systems
Authors: Lin Ronghui , Mazzone Valerio , Alfaraj Nasir , Liu Jianping , Li Xiaohang , Fratalocchi Andrea 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDesigning light sources with controllable properties at the nanoscale is a main goal in research in photonics. Harnessing disorder opens many opportunities for reducing the footprints of laser devices, enabling physical phenomena and functionalities that are not observed in traditional structures. Controlling coherent light–matter interactions in systems based on randomness, however, is challenging especially if compared to traditional lasers. Here, how to overcome these issues by using semiconductor lasers created from stealthy hyperuniform structures is shown. An on‐chip InGaN hyperuniform laser is designed and experimentally demonstrated, a new type of disordered laser with controllable transitions—ranging from lasing curve slopes, thresholds, and linewidths— from the nonlinear interplay between randomness and hidden order created via hyperuniformity. Theory and experiments show that the addition of degrees of order stabilizes the lasing dynamics via mode competition effects, arising between weak light localizations of the hyperuniform structure. The properties of the laser are independent from the cavity size or the gain material, and show very little statistical fluctuations between different random samples possessing the same randomness. These results open to on‐chip lasers that combine the advantages of classical and random lasers into a single platform.
First Assessment of a Carbon Monoxide Laser and a Thulium Fiber Laser for Fractional Ablation of Skin
Authors: Ha Linh , Jaspan Martin , Welford David , Evers Michael , Kositratna Garuna , Casper Malte Johannes , Manstein Dieter , Birngruber Reginald 
Published: January 2020

Background and ObjectivesA recent generation of 5,500 nm wavelength carbon monoxide (CO) lasers could serve as a novel tool for applications in medicine and surgery. At this wavelength, the optical penetration depth is about three times higher than that of the 10,600 nm wavelength carbon dioxide (CO2) laser. As the amount of ablation and coagulation is strongly influenced by the wavelength, we anticipated that CO lasers would provide extended coagulation zones, which could be beneficial for several medical applications, such as tissue tightening effects after laser skin resurfacing. Until now, the 1,940 nm wavelength thulium fiber (Tm:fiber) laser is primarily known as a non‐ablative laser with an optical penetration depth that is eight times higher than that of the CO2 laser. The advantage of lasers with shorter wavelengths is the ability to create smaller spot sizes, which has a determining influence on the ablation outcome. In this study, the ablation and coagulation characteristics of a novel CO laser and a high power Tm:fiber laser were investigated to evaluate their potential application for fractional ablation of the skin.Study Design/Materials and MethodsLaser‐tissue exposures were performed using a novel CO laser, a modified, pulse‐width‐modulated CO2 laser, and a Tm:fiber laser. We used discarded ex vivo human skin obtained from abdominoplasty as tissue samples. Similar exposure parameters, such as spot size (108–120 μm), pulse duration (2 milliseconds), and pulse energy (~10–200 mJ) were adjusted for the different laser systems with comparable temporal pulse structures. Laser effects were quantified by histology.ResultsAt radiant exposures 10‐fold higher than the ablation threshold, the CO laser ablation depth was almost two times deeper than that of the CO2 laser. At 40‐fold of the ablation threshold, the CO laser ablation was 47% deeper. The ablation craters produced by the CO laser exhibited about two times larger coagulation zones when compared with the CO2 laser. In contrast, the Tm:fiber laser exhibited superficial ablation craters with massive thermal damage.ConclusionsThe tissue ablation using the Tm:fiber laser was very superficial in contrast to the CO laser and the CO2 laser. However, higher etch depths should be obtainable when the radiant exposure is increased by using higher pulse energies and/or smaller spot sizes. At radiant exposures normalized to the ablation threshold, the CO laser was capable of generating deeper ablation craters with extended coagulation zones compared with the CO2 laser, which is possibly desirable depending on the clinical goal. The effect of deep ablation combined with additional thermal damage on dermal remodeling needs to be further confirmed with in vivo studies. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2020 The Authors. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.