bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Forage quality of species‐rich mountain grasslands subjected to zero, PK and NPK mineral fertilization for decades
Authors: Ineichen Simon , Marquardt Svenja , Kreuzer Michael , Reidy Beat 
Published: August 2020

AbstractTo maintain species‐rich swards from which forage of a high nutritional quality can be produced, it is essential to adapt grassland fertilization strategies. In this study, we investigated how different long‐term mineral fertilization treatments affect dry‐matter (DM) yield, plant species composition, and nutrient and mineral concentrations of forage from mountain grasslands. During 2 years, forage was sampled from three different long‐term fertilization experiments located at 930 (L), 1,190 (M) and 1,340 (H) m a.s.l. at different sites in Switzerland. At each site, three mineral fertilization treatments (0, PK and NPK) had been maintained for three to six decades, with two (L and M) or three harvests (H) per year. Yield, the botanical composition and concentrations of net energy, utilizable crude protein and different phenolic fractions were determined. Nutrient and mineral concentrations were also determined. For all three sites (L, M and H), unfertilized swards had lower annual DM yields (3.39, 5.17 and 2.73 t/ha) compared to PK (6.33, 7.17 and 4.44 t/ha) and NPK fertilized swards (7.69, 7.22 and 7.44 t/ha), respectively. Long‐term fertilization had little effect on the gross nutrient and phenolic composition, but forage P and K concentration increased. The decades‐long fertilization of either PK or NPK of up to 85 kg N, 80 kg P2O5 and 240 kg K2O/ha reduced plant species richness only at site H. Fertilization of PK may allow to simultaneously increase forage productivity and maintain forage quality in mountain grasslands.
Frequency and Type of Red Flags in Patients With Covid‐19 and Headache: A Series of 104 Hospitalized Patients
Authors: García‐Azorín David , Trigo Javier , Talavera Blanca , Martínez‐Pías Enrique , Sierra Álvaro , Porta‐Etessam Jesús , Arenillas Juan F. , Guerrero Ángel L. 
Published: August 2020

ObjectiveIn this study, we aimed to evaluate the frequency of the main red flags in patients with headache who do have Covid‐19.BackgroundHeadache is one of the most frequent neurologic symptoms of Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid‐19). Diagnosis of secondary headache disorders is still based on the presence of red flags.Design and MethodsCross‐sectional study of hospitalized patients with confirmed Covid‐19 disease. We interrogated every patient about the presence of headache and if so, a headache expert conducted a structured interview assessing the presence and type of the main red flags. We evaluated the presence of laboratory abnormalities on admission.ResultsWe screened 576 consecutive patients, 130/576 (22.6%) described headache, and 104 were included in the study. Mean age of patients was 56.7 (standard deviation: 11.2) and 66/104 (63.4%) were female. Red flags concerning prior medical history were present in 79/104 (76.0%) cases, and those related to the headache itself were observed in 99/104 (95.2%) patients. All patients 104/104 (100%) described systemic symptoms and 86/104 (82.7%) some neurologic symptoms. Laboratory results were abnormal in 98/104 (94.2%) cases. The most frequent red flags were fever, in 93/104 (89.4%) patients, cough, in 89/104 (85.6% cases), and increased C‐reactive protein in 84/100 (84.0%) cases.ConclusionIn patients with Covid‐19 that described the headache red flags were present in most cases. There was not any universal red flag, being necessary the comprehensive evaluation of all of them.
Case Series of Headache Characteristics in COVID‐19: Headache Can Be an Isolated Symptom
Authors: Toptan Tuğçe , Aktan Çile , Başarı Ahmet , Bolay Hayrunnisa 
Published: August 2020

Headache was reported in up to one‐third of the hospitalized patients; yet, the clinical characteristics of headache associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) have not been defined. This observational case study included patients who were consulted to headache unit due to headache and had COVID‐19 illness. Headache features in 13 PCR‐confirmed COVID‐19 patients with mild symptoms were reported. Headache was the isolated symptom of the COVID‐19 in 3 patients and emerged as an early symptom during the disease course in all patients. Patients specified severe, rapid onset, unrelenting headache with migraine‐like features, as well as unusual sensory symptoms such as anosmia, and gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea and loss of appetite and weight. Headache lasted up to 3 days in 70% of the patients and resolved in all patients within 2 weeks. Despite the fact that most of the patients were female and headache characteristics were suggestive of migraine, majority of patients were not suffering from primary headaches. It was concluded that headache could be an isolated symptom of COVID‐19, which might possibly be ignored in asymptomatic patients. Headaches associated with COVID‐19 included features resembling migraine and/or atypical symptoms including anosmia and diarrhea.
Near‐infrared spectroscopy applications for high‐throughput phenotyping for cassava and yam: A review
Authors: Alamu Emmanuel Oladeji , Nuwamanya Ephraim , Cornet Denis , Meghar Karima , Adesokan Michael , Tran Thierry , Belalcazar John , Desfontaines Lucienne , Davrieux Fabrice 
Published: August 2020

SummaryThe review aimed to identify the different high‐throughput phenotyping (HTP) techniques that used for quality evaluation in cassava and yam breeding programmes, and this has provided insights towards the development of metrics and their application in cassava and yam improvements. A systematic review of the published research articles involved the use of NIRS in analysing the quality traits of cassava and yam was carried out, and Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Sciences and Google Scholar were searched. The results of the review established that NIRS could be used in understanding the chemical constituents (carbohydrate, protein, vitamins, minerals, carotenoids, moisture, starch, etc.) for high‐throughput phenotyping. This study provides preliminary evidence of the application of NIRS as an efficient and affordable procedure for HTP. However, the feasibility of using mid‐infrared spectroscopy (MIRS) and hyperspectral imaging (HSI) in combination with the NIRS could be further studied for quality traits phenotyping.
Influences of freeze‐ and spray‐drying vs. encapsulation with soy and whey proteins on gastrointestinal stability and antioxidant activity of Mediterranean aromatic herbs
Authors: Bilušić Tea , Drvenica Ivana , Kalušević Ana , Marijanović Zvonimir , Jerković Igor , Mužek Mario Nikola , Bratanić Andre , Skroza Danijela , Zorić Zoran , Pedisić Sandra , Nedović Viktor , Režek Jambrak Anet 
Published: August 2020

SummaryThe aim of the present research was to study the chemical profile of volatile and non‐volatile compounds in freeze‐ and spray‐dried oregano, thyme, sage, and rosemary as well as to study the gastrointestinal stability and the biological activity of the samples after encapsulation using two proteins (soy and whey). Chemical analysis was performed by HS‐SPME/GC‐MS and HPLC‐PDA techniques. The antioxidant activity (FRAP, DPPH and ORAC assays) and HPLC‐PDA analyses were performed before and after simulated two‐phase digestion process (gastric and duodenal) using human gastrointestinal enzymes. The effect of protein carriers was depended on the plant matrix and the class of compound. Soy protein is useful for the protection of thymol and carvacrol content in thyme and the increase of the antioxidant activity of sage. Whey protein is useful for flavanols stability in all studied herbs before and after the duodenal digestive phase.
Ferritin levels in patients with COVID‐19: A poor predictor of mortality and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis
Authors: Feld Jonathan , Tremblay Douglas , Thibaud Santiago , Kessler Alaina , Naymagon Leonard 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIntroductionA hyperinflammatory environment has been a hallmark of COVID‐19 infection and is thought to be a key mediator of morbidity. Elevated ferritin has been observed in many patients with COVID‐19. Several retrospective studies have shown ferritin levels can be correlated and predictive of poor outcomes in COVID‐19, though a rigorous analysis has been lacking.MethodsA retrospective analysis of 942 adult COVID‐19 patients admitted in March 2020 at a large New York City health system with available ferritin levels.ResultsThe primary outcome, all‐cause mortality, was observed in 265 (28.1%) patients. Patients who died had a significantly higher median admission and maximum ferritin levels than those who did not. However, death was poorly predicted by admission and maximum ferritin levels on receiver operator curve (ROC) analysis, with AUCs of 0.677 and 0.638, respectively. AUCs increased when the cohort was limited to progressively younger patients. Ferritin levels were minimally better at predicting our secondary outcomes. These included mechanical ventilation, observed in 280 (29.7%) patients with an ROC yielding an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.769, and new renal replacement therapy, observed in 80 (8.5%) of patients with an ROC yielding an AUC of 0.787. We also performed a subset analysis on 22 patients with ferritins >20 000 ng/mL. None of the patients met HLH‐2004 diagnostic criteria. Fifteen (68.2%) of these patients had suspected or confirmed bacterial infections.ConclusionsThough many patients with COVID‐19 present with hyperferritinemia, elevated ferritin levels are not accurate predictors of outcomes and do not appear to be indicative of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.
Associations of sleep with gray matter volume and their implications for academic achievement, executive function and intelligence in children with overweight/obesity
Authors: Migueles Jairo H. , Cadenas‐Sanchez Cristina , Esteban‐Cornejo Irene , Mora‐Gonzalez Jose , Rodriguez‐Ayllon Maria , Solis‐Urra Patricio , Erickson Kirk I. , Kramer Arthur F. , Hillman Charles H. , Catena Andres , Ortega Francisco B. 
Published: August 2020

SummaryBackgroundChildren with overweight/obesity have poorer sleep and smaller gray matter volume (GMV) than normal‐weight children. No studies have investigated the associations of objectively‐assessed sleep and GMV in children with overweight/obesity, or their implications for academic and cognitive outcomes.ObjectivesTo explore the associations of sleep behaviors with GMV in the whole brain and particularly the hippocampus as a region of interest independent of sedentary time (SED) and physical activity; and to assess whether GMV in the associated regions was related to academic achievement, executive function and intelligence quotient (IQ).MethodsNinety‐six children with overweight/obesity (10 ± 1 year) were included. Sleep behaviors were assessed with accelerometers. GMV was acquired by magnetic resonance imaging. Academic achievement, executive function and IQ were assessed with separate tests. Analyses were adjusted for sex, peak height velocity and parent education as well as SED and physical activity.ResultsEarlier wake time, less time in bed, wakening after sleep onset (WASO) and WASO occurrences were associated with higher GMV in eight cortical brain regions (k:56‐448, P's < .001). Longer total sleep time, higher sleep efficiency and less WASO time were associated with higher GMV in the right hippocampus (β:0.187‐0.220, P's < .05). The inferior temporal, fusiform, supramarginal, and postcentral gyri, the superior parietal cortex, precuneus and hippocampus associated with academic achievement and/or IQ. Associations remained after adjustments for SED and physical activity.ConclusionsSleep behaviors are associated with GMV in multiple cortical regions including the right hippocampus in children with overweight/obesity, which in turn, were associated with academic achievement and IQ.
How the risk of failure in lifetime of tempered glass depends on the size of NiS inclusions and heat soak test duration
Authors: Pisano Gabriele , Bonati Antonio , Royer Carfagni Gianni 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe probability of breakage in service lifetime of heat‐tempered glass panes contaminated by nickel sulfide inclusions is estimated with a multiscale micromechanically motivated statistical theory, which considers the effects of the heat soak test (HST). Short and long HSTs differently affect the phase transformation of NiS of diverse chemical composition, whose increase in volume can break the glass. The main hypothesis, corroborated by experiments, is that there is a lower limit for the size of NiS stones below which no crack can be initiated from the volumetric expansion. The catastrophic propagation of nucleated fractures in the long term is modeled through a rescaled critical stress intensity factor, which accounts for the subcritical crack propagation and the slow phase transformation of NiS. A parametric analysis evidences how the failure probability is strongly affected by these parameters, depending on the holding time in the HST. Tailored experimental activity is suggested for the proper calibration of the model.
Intervention effects on professionals’ attitudes towards the participation of adults with visual and severe or profound intellectual disabilities
Authors: Hanzen Gineke , Waninge Aly , van Nispen Ruth M. A. , Vlaskamp Carla , Post Wendy J. , van der Putten Annette A. J. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundWe investigated the effects of the “Care for Participation+” (CFP+) intervention on direct support professionals’ (DSPs’) attitudes regarding the participation of adults with visual and severe or profound intellectual disabilities (VSPID).MethodsWe implemented a pilot non‐randomized controlled trial with two control groups to compare DSPs’ attitudes towards CFP+ using the Attitudes towards Participation Questionnaire (APQ) and DSPs’ written profiles of adults with VSPID.ResultsCPP+ and the Participation Mind Map control group showed a positive trend for the “leisure/recreation,” “social relations,” and “ability to act” APQ domains compared to the usual care control group. The CFP+ group described significantly fewer disabilities at 6 months, reflecting a more positive attitude than controls.ConclusionCFP+ had positive effects on DSPs’ attitudes towards the participation of adults with VSPID. The small sample size, ceiling effects, measurement instruments used, and implementation difficulties may have hampered understanding the full potential of CFP+.
Assessment of nocturnal hypertension by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring at the forearm in people with morbid obesity
Authors: Pucci Giacomo , D’Abbondanza Marco , Camilli Matteo , Bisogni Valeria , Anastasio Fabio , Gandolfo Vito , Alcidi Riccardo , Mojovic Natasa , Ministrini Stefano , Lupattelli Graziana , Vaudo Gaetano 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBlood pressure (BP) measurement at the forearm (FA) has been proposed as alternative site to upper arm (UA) in people with morbid obesity (MO). We compared nocturnal BP readings simultaneously taken at FA and UA by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM). Fourteen individuals with MO and seven normal‐weight controls underwent nocturnal ABPM with two devices placed at the UA and contralateral FA, respectively. Agreement between FA‐UA BP, diagnosis of nocturnal hypertension, and potential determinants of BP differences were evaluated. BP at the FA was significantly higher than UA in both people with MO and controls. FA‐UA differences in systolic and diastolic BP were similar in people with MO and controls. Nocturnal hypertension was diagnosed in 10 subjects (48%) according to UA BP and in 13 subjects (62%) according to FA BP (concordance 76%, moderate agreement). ΔFA‐UA systolic BP was associated with ratio between FA/UA circumferences (R = 0.45, P < .05) and with cuff‐UA slant angle difference (R = 0.44, P < .05). In conclusions, in people with MO, the agreement between FA and UA nighttime BP measured by ABPM is sub‐optimal. Our results raise uncertainty in using ABPM at the FA as an alternative to UA placement in people with MO for the diagnosis of nocturnal hypertension.
Dietary methionine restriction attenuates renal ischaemia/reperfusion‐induced myocardial injury by activating the CSE/H2S/ERS pathway in diabetic mice
Authors: Pan Yuanyuan , Fu Minghuan , Chen Xiaohan , Guo Jing , Chen Biao , Tao Xuefei 
Published: August 2020

AbstractMethionine restrictive diet may alleviate ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R)‐induced myocardial injury, but its underlying mechanism remains unclear. HE staining was performed to evaluate the myocardial injury caused by I/R and the effect of methionine‐restricted diet (MRD) in I/R mice. IHC and Western blot were carried out to analyse the expression of CSE, CHOP and active caspase3 in I/R mice and hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) cells. TUNEL assay and flow cytometry were used to assess the apoptotic status of I/R mice and H/R cells. MTT was performed to analyse the proliferation of H/R cells. H2S assay was used to evaluate the concentration of H2S in the myocardial tissues and peripheral blood of I/R mice. I/R‐induced mediated myocardial injury and apoptosis were partially reversed by methionine‐restricted diet (MRD) via the down‐regulation of CSE expression and up‐regulation of CHOP and active caspase3 expression. The decreased H2S concentration in myocardial tissues and peripheral blood of I/R mice was increased by MRD. Accordingly, in a cellular model of I/R injury established with H9C2 cells, cell proliferation was inhibited, cell apoptosis was increased, and the expressions of CSE, CHOP and active caspase3 were dysregulated, whereas NaHS treatment alleviated the effect of I/R injury in H9C2 cells in a dose‐dependent manner. This study provided a deep insight into the mechanism underlying the role of MRD in I/R‐induced myocardial injury.
Cytisine attenuates bone loss of ovariectomy mouse by preventing RANKL‐induced osteoclastogenesis
Authors: Qian Zhi , Zhong Zeyuan , Ni Shuo , Li Dejian , Zhang Fangxue , Zhou Ying , Kang Zhanrong , Qian Jun , Yu Baoqing 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPostmenopausal Osteoporosis (PMOP) is oestrogen withdrawal characterized of much production and activation by osteoclast in the elderly female. Cytisine is a quinolizidine alkaloid that comes from seeds or other plants of the Leguminosae (Fabaceae) family. Cytisine has been shown several potential pharmacological functions. However, its effects on PMOP remain unknown. This study designed to explore whether Cytisine is able to suppress RANKL‐induced osteoclastogenesis and prevent the bone loss induced by oestrogen deficiency in ovariectomized (OVX) mice. In this study, we investigated the effect of Cytisine on RAW 264.7 cells and bone marrow monocytes (BMMs) derived osteoclast culture system in vitro and observed the effect of Cytisine on ovariectomized (OVX) mice model to imitate postmenopausal osteoporosis in vivo. We found that Cytisine inhibited F‐actin ring formation and tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining in dose‐dependent ways, as well as bone resorption by pit formation assays. For molecular mechanism, Cytisine suppressed RANK‐related trigger RANKL by phosphorylation JNK/ERK/p38‐MAPK, IκBα/p65‐NF‐κB, and PI3K/AKT axis and significantly inhibited these signalling pathways. However, the suppression of PI3K‐AKT‐NFATc1 axis was rescued by AKT activator SC79. Meanwhile, Cytisine inhibited RANKL‐induced RANK‐TRAF6 association and RANKL‐related gene and protein markers such as NFATc1, Cathepsin K, MMP‐9 and TRAP. Our study indicated that Cytisine could suppress bone loss in OVX mouse through inhibited osteoclastogenesis. All data provide the evidence that Cytisine may be a promising agent in the treatment of osteoclast‐related diseases such as osteoporosis.
Bcl‐xL represents a therapeutic target in Philadelphia negative myeloproliferative neoplasms
Authors: Petiti Jessica , Lo Iacono Marco , Rosso Valentina , Andreani Giacomo , Jovanovski Aleksandar , Podestà Marina , Lame Dorela , Gobbi Marco De , Fava Carmen , Saglio Giuseppe , Frassoni Francesco , Cilloni Daniela 
Published: August 2020

AbstractMyeloproliferative neoplasms are divided into essential thrombocythemia (ET), polycythemia vera (PV) and primary myelofibrosis (PMF). Although ruxolitinib was proven to be effective in reducing symptoms, patients rarely achieve complete molecular remission. Therefore, it is relevant to identify new therapeutic targets to improve the clinical outcome of patients. Bcl‐xL protein, the long isoform encoded by alternative splicing of the Bcl‐x gene, acts as an anti‐apoptotic regulator. Our study investigated the role of Bcl‐xL as a marker of severity of MPN and the possibility to target Bcl‐xL in patients. 129 MPN patients and 21 healthy patients were enrolled in the study. We analysed Bcl‐xL expression in leucocytes and in enriched CD34+ and CD235a+ cells. Furthermore, ABT‐737, a Bcl‐xL inhibitor, was tested in HEL cells and in leucocytes from MPN patients. Bcl‐xL was found progressively over‐expressed in cells from ET, PV and PMF patients, independently by JAK2 mutational status. Moreover, our data indicated that the combination of ABT‐737 and ruxolitinib resulted in a significantly higher apoptotic rate than the individual drug. Our study suggests that Bcl‐xL plays an important role in MPN independently from JAK2 V617F mutation. Furthermore, data demonstrate that targeting simultaneously JAK2 and Bcl‐xL might represent an interesting new approach.
Implementation of clinical pharmacy services using problematization with Maguerez Arc: A quasi‐experimental before‐after study
Authors: dos Santos Júnior Genival Araujo , Silva Rafaella Oliveira Santos , Onozato Thelma , Silvestre Carina Carvalho , Rocha Kérilin Stancine Santos , Araújo Elton Matos , de Lyra‐Jr Divaldo Pereira 
Published: August 2020

AbstractRationale, aims, and objectivesThe growth of clinical pharmacy services (CPS) has positively impacted clinical, economic, and humanistic health outcomes. However, detailed studies on the process of implementing CPS in healthcare systems are incipient. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the CPS implementation in certain public health units in a metropolis in northeast Brazil.MethodsA quasi‐experimental before‐and‐after study was carried out in Recife City, from July 2015 to March 2016. The study was carried out using the Methodology of Problematization with Maguerez Arc and was divided into: initial evaluation (before), planning, interventions, and preliminary evaluation (after). The participants were pharmacists, patients, health professionals, and local health managers. Descriptive statistics were used to report data. The statistical significance of the comparison between variables was evaluated using the Wilcoxon test (95% CI; P ≤ .05).ResultsInitial evaluation: Identified incipient CPS, a lack of structure and work process of pharmacists. Planning: Sixteen brainstorming meetings were held with the different actors resulting in a strategic plan. Intervention: Twenty‐two political‐administrative meetings were held with managers and health teams and 768 hours of theoretical and practical training with mentoring for pharmacists. Preliminary evaluation: Structure indicators presented a statistically significant difference, differently from the process indicators. Pharmacists attended 842 patients and performed 1465 pharmaceutical consultations in 6 months. Regarding the outcome indicators, it was possible to identify changes in the clinical status of the most prevalent diseases among those patients who attended three pharmaceutical consultations.ConclusionsIt was possible to evaluate the CPS implementation in certain public health units in a metropolis in Brazil, through the Methodology of Problematization with Maguerez Arc. This methodology may be part of models for future implementations of CPS in health systems.