bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of the prevention and control effects on the outbreak of COVID-19 in Hunan, China: Based on a SEIAR Dynamic Model
Authors: ZHA Wen-ting , ZHOU Nan , LI Guoqun , LI Weitong , ZHANG Siyu , ZHANG Heng , CHEN Mengxiang , FENG Ruihua , LI Tong , Su Yi , lv yuan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background A new infectious disease, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been first reported during December 2019 in Wuhan, China, cases have been exported to other cities and abroad rapidly. Hunan is the neighboring province of Wuhan, a series of preventive and control measures were taken to control the outbreak of COVID-19. It is critical to assess these measures on the epidemic progression for the benefit of global expectation.Method: A Susceptible-exposed-infections/asymptomatic-removed (SEIAR) model was established to evaluate the effect of preventive measures. Berkeley Madonna 8.3.18 was employed for the model simulation and prediction, and the curve-fitting problem was solved by Runge-Kutta fourth-order method.Results In this study, we found that Rt was 2.71 from January 21 to 27 and reduced to 0.21 after January 27, 2020. If measures have not been fully launched, patients in Hunan would reach the maximum (8.96 million) on March 25, 2020, and end in about 208 days; when measures have been fully launched, patients in Hunan would just reach the maximum (699) on February 9, 2020, and end in about 56 days, which was very closed to the actual situation.Conclusion The outbreak of COVID-19 in Hunan, China has been well controlled under current measures, full implementation of measures could reduce the peak value, short the time to peak and duration of the outbreak effectively, which could provide a reference for controlling of COVID-19 for other countries.
How effective are digital interventions in increasing flu vaccination amongst pregnant women? A systematic review protocol
Authors: Parsons Jo , Atherton Helen 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Pregnant women and their unborn babies are at increased risk of complications as a result of flu, yet uptake of the flu vaccination in the UK remains low. Digital interventions have proven effectiveness in changing health behaviour, but their effectiveness in increasing flu vaccination amongst pregnant women has not been examined. This protocol details the design and methodology of a systematic review and meta-analysis, examining the effectiveness of digital interventions in increasing flu vaccination amongst pregnant women. Methods Bibliographic databases will be searched using appropriate search terms related to vaccination, pregnancy and flu. Randomised, non-randomised, quasi randomised controlled trials and other quantitative study designs will be eligible for inclusion, and studies will present the rate of flu vaccination amongst pregnant women of digital interventions compared to non-digital interventions, or usual care. No date or study country restrictions will be put on included studies, but studies will be published in English. Discussion This is the first known systematic review to examine the effectiveness of digital interventions in increasing the rate of flu vaccination amongst pregnant women. This review has the potential to inform whether digital interventions are an appropriate and successful method of increasing flu vaccination amongst pregnant women, and to determine which mode of digital intervention is most effective. Registration This systematic review is registered on the international prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO). Registration number to follow.
Tea consumption and measures of attention and psychomotor speed in the very old: The Newcastle 85+ Longitudinal Study
Authors: Okello Edward Jonathan , Mendonça Nuno , Stephan Blossom , Muniz-Terrera Graciela , Wesnes Keith , Siervo Mario 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
A number of studies have indicated a beneficial effect of tea consumption on the reduction of risk of cognitive impairment and dementia in older aged populations. However, there is a paucity of data on these associations in the very old defined as individuals aged 85 years and over. We investigated the relationship between tea consumption in the very old and measures of global cognitive function, memory, attention and psychomotor speed.
Method:
Longitudinal (5-years), population-based cohort study of individuals aged 85 + years in the North East of England, United Kingdom. Participants were community-dwelling and institutionalized men and women recruited through general medical practices (n = 676). Baseline tea consumption and longitudinal measures of global and domain specific (memory, speed and attention) cognitive function, linear mixed models, controlling for demographic (e.g. age, sex and education) and health variables were used to determine whether tea consumption was protective against cognitive decline.
Results
Tea consumption was not associated with cognitive function at baseline on any measure (unadjusted and adjusted analyses). In the linear mixed effects models adjusted for age, sex, education and disease co-morbidity, higher tea consumption was associated with significantly better attention (focused and sustained attention), and psychomotor speed (complex tasks only) over five-years follow-up. However, there was no association between tea consumption and global cognitive function, memory or performance on simple speed tasks over time.
Conclusions
In this cohort study of the very old and non-demented (85 + years) we found that higher (vs. lower) tea consumption was associated with better performance over time on measures of focused and sustained attention and some psychomotor speed tasks. No associations with global cognition, memory or easy speed tasks (simple Reaction Time or Word Recognition) were detected. The results have implications for the development of possible diet-based interventions focused on improving cognitive function in the very old age group.
Influence of multiple apolipoprotein A-I and B genetic variations on insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome in obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Xinyi Li , Zhihui Fu , Huajun Xu , Jianyin Zou , Huaming Zhu , Zhiqiang Li , De Huai , Hongliang Yi , Jian Guan , Shankai Yin 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
The relationships between apolipoprotein A-I (APOA-I), apolipoprotein B (APOB) with insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome (MetS) are unclear in OSA. We aimed to evaluate whether the multiple single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) variants of APOA-I and APOB exert a collaborative effect on insulin resistance and MetS in OSA.
Methods
Initially, 12 APOA-I SNPs and 30 APOB SNPs in 5,259 subjects were examined. After strict screening, four APOA-I SNPs and five APOB SNPs in 4,007 participants were included. For each participant, the genetic risk score (GRS) was calculated based on the cumulative effect of multiple genetic variants of APOA-I and APOB. Logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the relationships between APOA-I/APOB genetic polymorphisms, insulin resistance, and MetS in OSA.
Results
Patients with insulin resistance had a lower APOA-I GRS and higher APOB levels after adjustments [odds ratio (OR) = 0.917, P = 0.001; OR = 3.168, P < 0.001, respectively]. Individuals with MetS had a lower APOA-I GRS and higher APOB levels after adjustments (OR = 0.870, 6.098, respectively, all P < 0.001). In addition, individuals in the top quintile of the APOA-I genetic score distribution had a lower risk of insulin resistance and MetS after adjustments (OR = 0.761, P = 0.007; OR = 0.637, P < 0.001, respectively).
Conclusions
In patients with OSA, cumulative effects of APOA-I genetic variations decreased the risk of insulin resistance and MetS, whereas multiple APOB genetic variations had no associations with insulin resistance and MetS.
Whey protein preloading can alleviate stress adaptation disorder and improve hyperglycemia in women with gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Feng Yan , Feng Qi , Song Xinna , Li Xiaoyan , Zhang Yinghong , Hu Jianwei 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Whey protein (WP) intake has been shown to improve hperglycemia.
Objective
The aim of this study was to investigate the change of stress hormones, oxidative stress and insulin resistance (IR) in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) after supplement whey protein, in an attempt to gain insights into the prevention and treatment of GDM.
Methods
60 GDM women were recruited in this study, and 30 women receive a preload drink containing 25 g whey protein as group GDM-W, and the other 30 women receive control flavoring drink as group GDM, and the trial last for 14 days. Plasma epinephrine (E), noradrenaline (NE), and cortisol were detected, we also investigate levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH). Homeostasismodel assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was used to assesse IR.
Results
In GDM-W group, postprandial blood glucose was decreased significantly on 3d, 5d, 7d and 14d (p < 0.05), plasma 2 h insulin was increased by 7.2%, 8.6% and 20.5% on days 5, 7 and 14 (p < 0.05). HOMA-IR was decreased significantly on days 14 (P < 0.01). MDA was increased by 20.7% on days 14 (P < 0.01), and anti-oxidative enzymes SOD was increased by 13.4% on days 14 (P < 0.01) and GSH was increased by 16.7% and 29.1% on days 7 and 14 (both P < 0.05). Stress hormones E and cortisol were decreased by 10.8% and 19.8% respectively on days 14 (p < 0.05).
Conclusions
Whey protein supplementation may improve hyperglycemia by alleviate stress disorder and oxidative stress injury in GDM women.
Influenza and Other Respiratory Viral Infections Associated with Absence from School Among Schoolchildren in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA: A Cohort Study
Authors: Read Jonathan M. , Zimmer Shanta , Vukotich Charles , Schweizer Mary Lou , Galloway David , Lingle Carrie , Yearwood Gaby , Calderone Patti , Noble Eva , Quadelacy Talia , Grantz Kyra , Rinaldo Charles , Gao Hongjiang , Rainey Jeanette , Uzicanin Amra , Cummings Derek 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Information on the etiology and age-specific burden of respiratory viral infections among school-aged children remains limited.Methods We conducted a cohort study to determine the etiology of ILI (influenza like illness) among 2,519 K–12 students during the 2012–13 influenza season. We obtained nasal swabs from students with ILI-related absences. Generalized linear mixed-effect regressions determined associations of outcomes, including ILI and laboratory-confirmed respiratory virus infection, with school grade and other covariates.Results Overall, 459 swabs were obtained from 552 ILI–related absences. Respiratory viruses were found in 292 (63.6%) samples. Influenza was found in 189 (41.2%) samples. with influenza B found in 134 (70.9%). Rates of influenza B were significantly higher in grades 1 (10.1%, 95% CI 6.8–14.4%), 2 (9.7%, 6.6–13.6%), 3 (9.3%, 6.3–13.2%), and 4 (9.9%, 6.8–13.8%) than in kindergarteners (3.2%, 1.5–6.0%). After accounting for grade, sex and self-reported vaccination status, influenza B infection risk was lower among kindergarteners in half-day programs compared to kindergarteners in full-day programs (OR = 0.19; 95% CI 0.08–0.45).Conclusions ILI and influenza infection is concentrated in younger schoolchildren. Reduced infection by respiratory viruses is associated with a truncated school day for kindergarteners, but requires further investigation in other grades and populations.
Perception survey of Crisis and Emergency Risk Communication in an acute hospital in the management of COVID-19 pandemic in Singapore
Authors: Yong Lai Meng Ow , Xin Xiaohui , Wee Jennifer Mei Ling , Poopalalingam Ruban S/O , Kwek Kenneth Yung Chiang , Thumboo Julian 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Emergency risk communication is a critical component in emergency planning and response. It has been recognised as significant for planning for and responding to public health emergencies. While there is a growing body of guidelines and frameworks on emergency risk communication, it remains a relatively new field. There has also been limited attention on how emergency risk communication is being performed in public health organisations, such as acute hospitals, and what the associated challenges are. This article seeks to examine the crisis and emergency risk communication in an acute hospital in response to COVID-19 pandemic in Singapore and to identify its associated enablers and barriers.Methods A 13-item Crisis and Emergency Risk Communication (CERC) Survey, based on the US Centers for Disease and Control (CDC) CERC framework, was developed and administered to hospital staff during February 24–28, 2020. The survey also included an open-ended question to solicit feedback on areas of CERC in need of improvement. Chi-square test was used for analysis of survey data. Thematic analysis was performed on qualitative feedback.Results Of the 1154 participants who responded to the survey, most (94.1%) reported that regular hospital updates on COVID-19 were understandable and actionable. Many (92.5%) stated that accurate, concise and timely information helped to keep them safe. A majority (92.3%) of them were clear about the hospital’s response to the COVID-19 situation, and 79.4% of the respondents reported that the hospital had been able to understand their challenges and address their concerns. Sociodemographic characteristics such as occupation, age, marital status, work experience, gender, and staff’s primary work location influenced the responses to hospital CERC. Local leaders within the hospital would need support to better communicate and translate hospital updates in response to COVID-19 to actionable plans for their staff. Better communication in executing resource utilization plans, expressing more empathy and care for their staff, and enhancing communication channels, such as through the use of secure text messaging rather than emails would be important.Conclusion CERC is relevant and important in the hospital setting to managing COVID-19 and should be considered concurrently with hospital emergency response domains.
Whole exome sequencing identifies a novel mutation in spermine synthase gene (SMS) associated with Snyder-Robinson Syndrome
Authors: Qazi Talal J. , Wu Qiao , Aierken Ailikemu , Lu Daru , Bukhari Ihtisham , Hussain Hafiz M. J. , Yang Jingming , Mir Asif , Qing Hong 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Mutations in the spermine synthase (SMS) gene have been reported to cause a rare x-linked intellectual disability known as Snyder-Robinson Syndrome (SRS). Besides intellectual disability, SRS is also characterized by reduced bone density, bone deformities, osteoporosis and facial dysmorphism. SRS phenotypes evolve with age from childhood to adulthood. Methods: Whole exome sequencing was performed to know the causative gene/mutation. Later we confirmed the mutation through sanger sequencing. Furthermore, we also performed the mutational analysis through HOPE SERVER and SWISS-MODEL. Also, radiographs were also obtained for affected individual to confirm the disease features. Results: In this article, we report the first Pakistani family consisting of three patients with SRS and a novel missense mutation in the SMS gene (c.905C >T: p.S302L). In addition to the typical phenotypes, one patient presented with epilepsy from an early age that was characterized by generalized seizures. The clinical, genetic and in-silico analysis, review of the literature links the affected patients of the family with Snyder-Robinson syndrome and mutation affects the spermine synthase activityConclusion: A novel missense mutation in the SMS gene (c.905C >T: p.S302L) causing Snyder-Robinson Syndrome (SRS) reported in Pakistan Family.
Development of a Multivariable Prediction Model to Identify Patients Unlikely to Complete a Colonoscopy Following an Abnormal FIT Test in Community Clinics
Authors: Petrik Amanda , Keast Erin , Johnson Eric , Smith David H. , Coronado Gloria D. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the 2nd leading cancer killer in the US. The Strategies and Opportunities to STOP Colon Cancer in Priority Populations (STOP CRC) project aimed to increase CRC screening among patients in Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs) through a mailed fecal immunochemical test (FIT) outreach program. However, rates of completion of the follow-up colonoscopy following an abnormal FIT remain low. We developed a multivariable prediction model using data available in the electronic health record to assess the probability of patients obtaining a colonoscopy following an abnormal FIT test. Methods: To assess the probability of obtaining a colonoscopy, we used Cox regression to develop a risk prediction model among a retrospective cohort of patients with an abnormal FIT result and a year of follow-up data. Results: Of 1596 patients with an abnormal FIT result, 556 (34.8%) had a recorded colonoscopy within 6 months. The model shows adequate separation of patients across risk levels for non-adherence to follow-up colonoscopy (bootstrap-corrected C-statistic > 0.63). The refined model included 8 variables: age, race, insurance, GINI income inequality, long term anticoagulant use, receipt of a flu vaccine in the past year, frequency of missed clinic appointments, and clinic site. Probability of obtaining a follow-up colonoscopy within 6 months varied across quintiles; patients in the lowest quintile had an estimated 18% chance, whereas patients in the top quintile had a greater than 55% chance of obtaining a follow-up colonoscopy. Conclusions: Knowing who is unlikely to follow-up on an abnormal FIT test could help identify patients who need an early intervention aimed at complete a follow-up colonoscopy. Trial registry: This trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01742065) on December 5, 2012. The protocol is available.
Metabolomic profiling of female mink serum during early to mid-pregnancy to understand factors associated with embryo diapause
Authors: li zheng , liu chengjun , deng liang , cao maosheng , zheng xue , chen lu , yuan chenfeng , zhao zijiao , li chunjin 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background：The mink exhibits embryo diapause after fertilization.Mink embryos enter a period of diapause after the embryo develops into the blastocyst. The specific process of embryo diapause regulation and reactivation is remains largely un-examined. The aim of this study was to identify key factors associated with mink embryo diapause and reactivation by comparing and analyzing differences in serum metabolites up to twenty-nine days after mating. Material and methods: Blood samples were taken on the first day of mating, and then once a week until the fifth week. Metabolomic profiles of the serum samples taken during this period were analysed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. Results: Multivariate statistical analyses identified differential metabolite expression at different time points in both positive ion mode and negative ion modes. Dopamine may be the major inhibitory compound for mink embryo reactivation; moreover, and the levels of L-proline, L-threonine, taurine, D-ornithine, L-valine, L-kynurenine, and particularly L-leucine may be related to embryo reactivation. Conclusions: We compared blood serum metabolites at different stages in the pregnancy. The study makes a significant contribution to the literature as we found that dopamine is a strong candidate as an inhibitor of embryo reactivation.The study showed that levels of seven amino acids, but especially L-leucine, may be correlated with embryo reactivation.
NGS based expanded carrier screening for genetic disorders in North Indian population reveals unexpected results – a pilot study
Authors: Singh Kanika , Bijarnia-Mahay Sunita , Ramprasad Vedam Lakshmi , Puri Ratna Dua , Nair Sandhya , Sharda Sheetal , Saxena Renu , Kohli Sudha , Gujral Kanwal , Ganguli Indrani , Verma Ishwar Chander 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Purpose
To study the carrier frequency and pathogenic variants of common genetic disorders in the north Indian population using next generation sequencing (NGS) in a pilot project of 200 individuals for 88 genes suspected to be common.
Methods
Screening for variants in 88 genes was carried out in 200 individuals, including 88 unrelated couples, by NGS technology, after pre-test counselling. The variants were classified as per ACMG criteria. Pathogenic and likely pathogenic variants were subjected to thorough literature-based curation in addition to the usual filters. Variants of unknown significance (VUS) were not reported. Individuals were counselled explaining the implications of the results, and cascade screening was advised when necessary.
Results
Of the 200 participants, 52 (26%) were found to be carrier of one or more disorders. Twelve individuals were identified to be carriers for congenital deafness, giving a carrier frequency of one in 17 for one of the four genes tested (SLC26A4, GJB2, TMPRSS3 and TMC1 in decreasing order). Nine individuals were observed to be carriers for cystic fibrosis, with a frequency of one in 22. Three individuals were detected to be carriers for Pompe disease (frequency one in 67). None of the 88 couples screened was found to be carriers for the same disorder.
Conclusion
Carrier rate for genetic deafness was the highest, followed by cystic fibrosis and Pompe disease. Cystic fibrosis was observed to be common in Indians, contrary to the previous reports in the literature. The pathogenic variants observed in many disorders were different from those observed in the West, emphasizing that population-based carrier screening panels need to be developed and whole gene sequencing strategy should be preferred over targeted genotyping of specific variants.
The Persian Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire: validation in patients with chronic non-specific low back pain
Authors: Karimi-GhasemAbad Sarvenaz , Akhbari Behnam , Saeedi Ahmad , Moghaddam Saeed Talebian , Ansari Noureddin Nakhostin 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: The Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ) is used as an instrument to assess the patients’ perception of illness. Illness perceptions of patients vary across different conditions. The psychometric properties of the Persian version of BIPQ have not been adequately evaluated. The aim of this study was to determine the reliability and validity of the Persian BIPQ in patients with chronic non-specific low back pain (LBP).Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 116 patients with chronic non-specific LBP with a mean (standard deviation) age of 36.4 years (10.7) participated. Fifty patients reexamined after 10-12 days for test-retest reliability. Internal consistency reliability, construct validity, concurrent criterion validity, and structural validity were evaluated. The concurrent validity was examined by using the Short Form -36 Health Survey.Results: There were no floor and ceiling effects. The Cronbach’s alpha for the total score was 0.9. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for test-retest reliability was 0.9. The standard error of measurement and the minimal detectable change was found 3.26 and 9.04, respectively. The convergent correlations confirmed the construct validity. The concurrent criterion validity was demonstrated by significant negative correlations with the SF-36. The Exploratory Factor Analysis produced the two factors (Emotional illness representations and Cognitive ıllness representations) with an eigenvalue > 1.0 that jointly accounted for 58.86% of the total variance.Conclusions: The Persian BIPQ is a reliable and valid two-factor instrument and can be used for assessing illness perception in patients with chronic non-specific LBP.