bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mental Health, Risk Factors, and Social Media Use During the COVID-19 Epidemic and Cordon Sanitaire Among the Community and Health Professionals in Wuhan, China: Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Ni Michael Y , Yang Lin , Leung Candi M C , Li Na , Yao Xiaoxin I , Wang Yishan , Leung Gabriel M , Cowling Benjamin J , Liao Qiuyan 
Published: May 2020

Background
The mental health consequences of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, community-wide interventions, and social media use during a pandemic are unclear. The first and most draconian interventions have been implemented in Wuhan, China, and these countermeasures have been increasingly deployed by countries around the world.

Objective
The aim of this study was to examine risk factors, including the use of social media, for probable anxiety and depression in the community and among health professionals in the epicenter, Wuhan, China.

Methods
We conducted an online survey via WeChat, the most widely used social media platform in China, which was administered to 1577 community-based adults and 214 health professionals in Wuhan. Probable anxiety and probable depression were assessed by the validated Generalized Anxiety Disorder-2 (cutoff ≥3) and Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (cutoff ≥3), respectively. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to examine factors associated with probable anxiety and probable depression.

Results
Of the 1577 community-based adults, about one-fifth of respondents reported probable anxiety (n=376, 23.84%, 95% CI 21.8-26.0) and probable depression (n=303, 19.21%, 95% CI 17.3-21.2). Similarly, of the 214 health professionals, about one-fifth of surveyed health professionals reported probable anxiety (n=47, 22.0%, 95% CI 16.6-28.1) or probable depression (n=41, 19.2%, 95% CI 14.1-25.1). Around one-third of community-based adults and health professionals spent ≥2 hours daily on COVID-19 news via social media. Close contact with individuals with COVID-19 and spending ≥2 hours daily on COVID-19 news via social media were associated with probable anxiety and depression in community-based adults. Social support was associated with less probable anxiety and depression in both health professionals and community-based adults.

Conclusions
The internet could be harnessed for telemedicine and restoring daily routines, yet caution is warranted toward spending excessive time searching for COVID-19 news on social media given the infodemic and emotional contagion through online social networks. Online platforms may be used to monitor the toll of the pandemic on mental health.
Estimation of the Probability of Reinfection With COVID-19 by the Susceptible-Exposed-Infectious-Removed-Undetectable-Susceptible Model
Authors: Victor Okhuese Alexander 
Published: May 2020

Background
With the sensitivity of the polymerase chain reaction test used to detect the presence of the virus in the human host, the worldwide health community has been able to record a large number of the recovered population.

Objective
The aim of this study was to evaluate the probability of reinfection in the recovered class and the model equations, which exhibits the disease-free equilibrium state for the coronavirus disease.

Methods
The model differential equation was evaluated for the disease-free equilibrium for the case of reinfection as well as the existence and stability criteria for the disease, using the model proportions. This evaluation shows that the criteria for a local or worldwide asymptotic stability with a basic reproductive number (R0=0) were satisfied. Hence, there is a chance of no secondary reinfections from the recovered population, as the rate of incidence of the recovered population vanishes (ie, B=0).

Results
With a total of about 900,000 infected cases worldwide, numerical simulations for this study were carried out to complement the analytical results and investigate the effect that the implementation of quarantine and observation procedures has on the projection of further virus spread.

Conclusions
As shown by the results, the proportion of the infected population, in the absence of a curative vaccination, will continue to grow worldwide; meanwhile, the recovery rate will continue slowly, which means that the ratio of infection rate to recovery rate will determine the death rate that is recorded. Most significant for this study is the rate of reinfection by the recovered population, which will decline to zero over time as the virus is cleared clinically from the system of the recovered class.
Analisis Tingkat Ketercapaian Angka Partisipasi Sekolah Di Papua (Studi Kasus Di Kabupaten Merauke)
Authors: Maharani Kiki , Effendi Moh. Mahfud , Nurjaman Asep 
Published: May 2020

Abstract: School participation is integrally an effort to achieve quality education quality. This study aims to obtain information about (1) factors that influence the level of achievement and school participation rates, constraints in increasing enrollment rates. (2) the role of regional autonomy in improving the quality of education services. The approach used is a type of qualitative approach. Data collection techniques used in the form of interviews and documents and observation. The results showed that (1) Factors influencing the low number of school participation in Merauke Regency were access to education that was difficult to reach in remote areas, limited availability of teacher numbers and uneven distribution, teacher welfare that was still lacking, educational facilities that were not yet adequate in remote areas, the level of public education, and the slow attention of the government. (2) The role of regional autonomy in improving the quality of education services has not been maximized. The principle of justice, efficiency, transparency, and public accountability in efforts to improve and improve the quality and quantity of education becomes the responsibility and concern of all parties, both the government, regional governments, and the community.Keywords: Participation Rates, Level of Achievement, Education Abstrak: Partisipasi sekolah secara integral menjadi usaha dalam mencapai mutu pendidikan yang berkualitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh informasi tentang (1) faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat ketercapaian dan angka partisipasi sekolah, kendala dalam peningkatan angka partisipasi. (2) peran otonomi daerah dalam peningkatan mutu pelayanan pendidikan. Pendekatan yang digunakan yaitu jenis pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan berupa wawancara dan dokumen serta observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi rendahnya angka partisipasi sekolah di Kabupaten Merauke yaitu akses pendidikan yang sulit dijangkau pada daerah terpencil, ketersediaan jumlah tenaga guru yang terbatas dan distribusinya kurang merata, kesejahteraan guru yang masih kurang, fasilitas pendidikan yang belum memadai di daerah terpencil, tingkat pendidikan masyarakat, serta lambannya perhatian dari pemerintah. (2) Peran otonomi daerah dalam peningkatan mutu pelayanan pendidikan belum maksimal. Prinsip keadilan, efisiensi, transparansi, dan akuntabilitas publik dalam upaya perbaikan dan peningkatan kualitas serta kuantitas pendidikan menjadi tanggung jawab dan perhatian bersama seluruh pihak, baik pemerintah, pemerintah daerah dan masyarakat.Kata kunci: Angka Partisipasi, Tingkat Ketercapaian, Pendidikan
Analisis Peran Guru Tidak Tetap (GTT) Sebagai Guru Kelas Dan Operator Sekolah Di Kecamatan Sanankulon
Authors: Sari Andareka Murih Aditya , Rahardjanto Abdulkadir 
Published: May 2020

Abstract: The increasing quality of education in Indonesia until now is inseparable from the role of non-government employees teacher. Non-government employees' teacher is referred to as non-permanent teachers (GTT) in addition to being educators who play roles as operators in improving the quality of education in schools. This study aims to describe the role of non-permanent teachers as classroom teachers and school operators including 1) the role of non-permanent teachers as classroom teachers 2) the role of non-permanent teachers as school operators 3) school principals' policy in facing the role of non-permanent teachers who have roles double as a classroom teacher and school operator. In this study, researchers used a descriptive qualitative approach. Data collection techniques using in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation. Test the validity of data by extending the time of attendance and source triangulation. The results of the study showed that 1) non-permanent teachers in carrying out their role as classroom teachers cannot run optimally because they are often left behind to carry out their duties as school operators who leave the class at any time. 2) non-permanent teachers in carrying out their roles as operators have multiple tasks, namely as diasporic operators and BOS operators. 3) Principal policies that appoint non-permanent teachers as class teachers and school operators have an impact on the learning process in the classroom.Keywords: Temporary Teacher, School Operator, Principal Policy Abstrak: Membaiknya kualitas pendidikan di Indonesia sampai dengan sekarang tidak terlepas dari peran guru non PNS. Guru non PNS disebut sebagai guru tidak tetap (GTT) selain sebagai pendidik berperan sebagai operator dalam meningkatkan mutu pendidikan di sekolah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan tentang peran guru tidak tetap sebagai guru kelas dan operator sekolah diantaranya: 1) peran guru tidak tetap sebagai guru kelas 2) peran guru tidak tetap sebagai operator sekolah 3) kebijakan kepala sekolah dalam menghadapi peran guru tidak tetap yang memiliki peran ganda sebagai guru kelas dan operator sekolah. Pada penelitian ini peneliti menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara mendalam, observasi dan dokumentasi. Uji keabsahan data dengan memperpanjang waktu kehadiran dan triangulasi sumber. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 1) guru tidak tetap dalam menjalankan peran sebagai guru kelas tidak dapat berjalan secara maksimal karena sering di tinggalkan untuk melaksanakan tugasnya sebagai operator sekolah yang sewaktu-waktu meninggalkan kelas. 2)guru tidak tetap dalam menjalankan peran sebagai operator memiliki tugas ganda yaitu sebagai operator dapodik dan operator BOS. 3) Kebijakan kepala sekolah yang mengangkat guru tidak tetap menjadi guru kelas dan operator sekolah berdampak terhadap proses pembelajaran di kelas.Kata kunci: Guru Tidak Tetap, Operator Sekolah, Kebijakan Kepala Sekolah
Conciliar no Tribunal é possível? Uma análise da experiência do Tribunal de Justiça do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte
Authors: Menezes Neto Elias Jacob de , Gomes Igor Da Silva 
Published: May 2020

RESUMOA Resolução nº 125/2010 do Conselho Nacional de Justiça foi um marco importante para a criação de políticas públicas de resolução adequada dos conflitos, o que foi ampliado pela entrada em vigor do Código de Processo Civil de 2015. Nesse contexto, o presente artigo busca compreender a viabilidade das práticas conciliatórias no 2º grau de jurisdição. Para tanto, realiza, a partir da metodologia de estudo de caso, uma análise da experiência do TJRN, especificamente do seu Núcleo de Conciliação. Utiliza dados do próprio órgão sobre as audiências, limitando o escopo aos anos de 2016 e 2017. Procede, ainda, com análise doutrinária e legislativa, sendo o estudo de relevância para exteriorizar a efetividade (ou não) do método consensual de resolução de disputas. Conclui-se que o TJRN tem trazido resultados positivos, chegando, no ano de 2017, ao índice de êxito de 34% no Núcleo de Conciliação e 1,6% no Tribunal como um todo, números acima da média nacional.PALAVRAS-CHAVEConciliação. Tribunal de Justiça do Rio Grande do Norte. Políticas Públicas de Resolução de Conflitos. ABSTRACTThe CNJ’s (Brazilian National Council of Justice) Resolution nº 125/2010 was an important landmark for create public policies for the adequate resolution of conflicts, which was amplified after the Brazilian Code of Civil Procedure of 2015. This research aims to understand if it’s possible to use conciliation in Courts of Appeal. In order to do so, it analyses data from conciliation sessions held at the TJRN/NC (Conciliation Chamber of the Courts of Appeal at the state of Rio Grande do Norte/Brazil) between 2016 and 2017. In addition, it analyses the current theoretical and legal framework on conflict resolution. It concludes that TJRN has been achieving positive results, reaching, in 2017, a successful rate of 34% at the TJRN/NC and of 1.6% on all Court levels, numbers above the national average.KEYWORDSConciliation. Court of Appeal of Rio Grande do Norte.
Breves reflexões sobre os fundamentos da pena
Authors: Perez Stephanie Carolyn 
Published: May 2020

RESUMOEste artigo acadêmico tem como objetivo analisar e propor reflexões sobre os fundamentos da pena, por meio de uma análise histórica de como ocorreu o fenômeno punitivo durante os principais períodos da história da humanidade até chegar aos dias atuais. O que se pretende não é apenas possibilitar ao leitor o conhecimento das mais importantes correntes punitivas, mas também criar novos enfoques e debates construtivos acerca do tema.PALAVRAS-CHAVEFundamentos da pena. Sistema punitivo. Teoria dos fins da pena. RESUMENEste artículo académico tiene como objetivo analizar y proponer reflexiones sobre los fundamentos de la pena, por medio de un análisis histórico de como se dio el fenómeno punitivo durante los principales períodos de la historia de la humanidad hasta llegar a los días actuales. Lo que se desea no es solo posibilitar al lector el conocimiento de las más importantes corrientes punitivas, sino también crear nuevos enfoques y debates constructivos sobre el tema.PALABRAS CLAVEFundamentos de la pena. Sistema punitivo. Teoría de los fines de la pena. ABSTRACTThis article aims to analyze and propose reflections on the foundations of punishment through a historical analysis of how the punitive phenomenon occurred during the main periods of human history up to the present time. The aim is not only to enable the reader to learn about the most important punitive traditions, but also to create new approaches and constructive debates on the subject.KEYWORDSFoundations of the punishment. Punitive system. Purposes of the punishment.
Unsupervised Feature Selection Methodology for Clustering in High Dimensionality Datasets
Authors: Oliveira Marcos De Souza , Queiroz Sergio 
Published: May 2020

Feature selection is an important research area that seeks to eliminate unwanted features from datasets. Many feature selection methods are suggested in the literature, but the evaluation of the best set of features is usually performed using supervised metrics, where labels are required. In this work we propose a methodology that tries to aid data specialists to answer simple but important questions, such as: (1) do current feature selection methods give similar results? (2) is there is a consistently better method ? (3) how to select the m-best features? (4) as the methods are not parameter-free, how to choose the best parameters in the unsupervised scenario? and (5) given different options of selection, could we get better results if we fusion the results of the methods? If yes, how can we combine the results? We analyze these issues and propose a methodology that, based on some unsupervised methods, will make feature selection using strategies that turn the execution of the process fully automatic and unsupervised, in high-dimensional datasets. After, we evaluate the obtained results, when we see that they are better than those obtained by using the selection methods at standard configurations. In the end, we also list some further improvements that can be made in future works.
Economic and Strategic motivations for financial cooperation in East Asia
Authors: Park Young ll , Moon Seung 
Published: May 2020

The 1997-98 financial crisis has had a profound effect on how East Asian economies the role of the IMF and its strategic interests relative to those of the United States in the international financial regime. It has prompted them to create a regional mechanism for financial and monetary cooperation, ranging from deeper policy dialogue and surveillance, to a system of financial cooperation, and common exchange rate arrangements. This paper analyses the economic and strategic motivations behind this and outlines recent developments in financial cooperation in East Asia to provide possible directions for the future.
A network of bilateral swap arrangements under the Chiang Mai Initiative(CMI) needs stronger policy dialogue and surveillance to develop into a regional financing facility, a sort of East Asian IMF. The facility plays a role as an regional lender of last resort, providing short-term funds to a member country facing a temporary liquidity shortage and for market intervention to stabilize foreign exchange rate. East Asian countries need to achieve regional exchange rate stability. In the long run, the region may develop a common currency arrangement, but it cannot be expected in the very near future because there is no convergence of macroeconomic conditions, economic structure and systems. A realistic approach would be for East Asian developing countries to adopt a currency basket system to minimize the impact of dollar/yen exchange rate volatility on their economies. Strong political will and a vision for regional integration will be required to introduce it.
How to make container control measures using radio frequency identification consistent with WTO jurisprudence
Authors: Choi Won-Mog 
Published: May 2020

Radio frequency identification (RFID) provides a useful tool for the prescreening or detection of goods and containers moving across the border and for controlling the trade of illicit materials and preventing or mitigating the effects of terrorism. Although anti-terrorism measures are important in today’s dangerous world, RFID tools, if misused, may violate the WTO trade rules. Whenever goods or container control measures using RFID are proposed, their contents, objectives, and rationale must be published, and WTO members must be notified through the WTO Secretariat and allowed to make comments. WTO members should not take such measures that are designed or applied in a discriminatory manner and those measures must be adopted only under necessary situations and to the extent necessary. These measures must reduce the incidence and complexity of import and export formalities, and there should not be substantial penalties for minor breaches of the requirements under the measures. If the measures require country-of-origin information in RFID tags, they must apply in the same way to like products, and they must not cause unnecessary inconveniences or unreasonable cost. If the measures deal with containers in international transit, they must be reasonable, consider the conditions of the traffic, and guarantee transit through the most convenient routes for international transit.
A container control measure designed to restrict the flow of fissionable materials or their derivative materials, traffic in arms, ammunition, and implements of war, or traffic in military supply goods and materials may be justified, even if it violates some of the GATT rules. In addition, a measure established in time of war or other emergency in international relations or based on the United Nations Charter and designed to maintain international peace and security can also be justified. As a last resort, WTO members may request a waiver from GATT and TBT Agreement obligations for container control measures that include RFID.
Superpowers must be careful not to use RFID to practice power politics and create regulations to deal with national security and anti-terrorism issues that do not conform to international law. The key question is how to maintain a balance between the two inalienable values of free trade and national security in this era of globalization, harmonization, and terrorism .
Airline Network in East Asia
Authors: Lee Jun Yeop , Hyun Kisoon 
Published: May 2020

Using Social Network Analysis (SNA), this paper examines the inter-country airline logistics relationships in East Asia. Based on the flight schedule data, which has been gathered by the authors, the overall features of airline logistics structure and the specific roles of each airport could be more clearly examined.
The main results of this paper are as follows: Beijing has the highest Degree Centrality, but excluding the domestic lines, Incheon has the highest Degree Centrality, which would imply that a relatively high Centrality of logistics for China’s airports is due to the greater number of domestic lines. The focal hub status of Incheon airport is also supported by the fact that Incheon contains the highest Betweenness Centrality.
Secondly, evaluated by the types of brokerage role, Incheon has a remarkably strong role as a liaison, which means Incheon airport functions as a transfer hub between two different regions outside of Korea. However, considering only the to/from China airline links, Hong Kong has the highest score as a liaison. These conflicting results imply that as China’s airline transportation continuously increases, Hong Kong will become a strong rival to Incheon.
Thirdly, in the analysis of Structural Hole which functions the broker and acts as a hub by linking unconnected airports, Incheon has the highest possibilities as a hub airport. However, only considering to/from China airlines, Hong Kong would dominate Incheon.
Mortality rate and prognostic factors for dogs with severe anaphylaxis: 67 cases (2016–2018)
Authors: Smith M. Ryan , Wurlod Virginie A. , Ralph Alan G. , Daniels Erin R. , Mitchell Mark 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To determine mortality rates for dogs with severe anaphylaxis and identify potential prognostic factors.

ANIMALS
67 dogs with suspected anaphylaxis graded as severe.

PROCEDURES
Dogs were classified on the basis of outcome as survivors and nonsurvivors. Medical records were reviewed, and data were extracted including signalment, examination findings, time to hospital admission from onset of clinical signs, CBC results, serum biochemical analysis results, coagulation testing results, and findings on abdominal ultrasonography. Initial treatment within the first 6 hours after hospital admission was recorded for analysis, specifically including the use of epinephrine, diphenhydramine, corticosteroids, antimicrobials, fresh-frozen plasma, and supplemental dextrose.

RESULTS
The overall mortality rate was 14.9% (10/67) for dogs with anaphylaxis graded as severe. Serum phosphorus concentration and prothrombin time (PT) were significantly higher in nonsurvivors, compared with survivors. Nonsurvivors had lower presenting body temperatures than survivors. Serum phosphorus concentration ≥ 12.0 mmol/L, hypoglycemia within 6 hours after hospital admission, high PT value, concurrently high PT and partial thromboplastin time (PTT) values > 50% above the reference range limit, and the need for supplemental dextrose were associated with death. The incidences of coagulopathy and peritoneal effusion were unexpectedly high (85.2% and 65.5% of dogs, respectively) but were not indicative of survival.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Despite the poor presenting clinical condition seen in dogs with severe anaphylaxis, the rate of survival with treatment was fairly high. Coagulopathy and the presence of peritoneal effusion were common findings in dogs with severe anaphylaxis. Serum phosphorus concentration ≥ 12.0 mmol/L, high PT value, concurrent increases of PT and PTT values > 50% above reference range limits, hypoglycemia within 6 hours after hospital admission, and the need for supplemental dextrose were associated with death.