bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seed pre‐inoculation with Bradyrhizobium as time‐optimizing option for large‐scale soybean cropping systems
Authors: Hungria Mariangela , Nogueira Marco Antonio , Campos Leonardo Jose Motta , Menna Pamela , Brandi Fabio , Ramos Yuri Guerreiro 
Published: August 2020

AbstractNitrogen is a key nutrient for soybean cropping and can be fully supplied by the biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) process. Inoculation with elite Bradyrhizobium strains greatly improves the supply of N to soybean; however, inoculation of large areas in short‐sowing windows delays the sowing process, demanding the development of technologies for pre‐inoculation. Here we report the evaluation of a liquid formulation containing cell protectors that proved, in four field experiments located in different edaphoclimatic conditions of Brazil, symbiotic performance comparable to the peat‐based inoculant, traditionally considered as the best carrier. The liquid inoculant was also effective when applied to seeds not treated with pesticides 15 days before sowing, providing efficient BNF and time‐flexibility to the farmers. Benefits of the liquid inoculant in improving grain yield were confirmed in two areas cropped for the first time and devoid of Bradyrhizobium, with an average increase of 89%, and also in two areas traditionally cropped with inoculated soybean, with an average increase of 6.8%, both in comparison to the non‐inoculated control without N‐fertilizers (NI). It is worth mentioning that, also in comparison to the NI control, the addition of 200 kg N ha−1 impacted grain yield in +54% and −1,8%, in new and traditional areas, respectively, indicating that BNF was more effective than the application of N‐fertilizer. Large increases in total N content in grains were observed as well in response to the liquid inoculant, on average 47% and 27%, when compared to the NI and NI + N controls, respectively.
Three‐step tumescent local anesthesia technique for inguinal hernia repair
Authors: Koyama Ryota , Maeda Yoshiaki , Minagawa Nozomi , Shinohara Toshiki 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe optimal method of anesthesia for inguinal hernia repair is still controversial. We have developed “three‐step tumescent local anesthesia (TLA) technique” for inguinal hernia repair, and recently showed that this technique is acceptable in view of short‐ and long‐term clinical outcomes. Our study included 273 consecutive cases (290 sides) of elective inguinal hernia repair performed under the newly developed technique between September 2003 and May 2019, and overall clinical outcomes were considered to be safe and feasible. Herein, we report the surgical procedure of “three‐step TLA technique.” Briefly, we rapidly inject the diluted solution of local anesthetic and epinephrine step‐by‐step into the three following closed tissue space. Initially, 80 mL injection into the subcutaneous tissue before skin incision (Step 1). After the external oblique fascia is exposed, injection of 20 mL into the inguinal canal before the external oblique fascia is incised and opened (Step 2). The hernia sac and spermatic cord are then dissected, and the blunt dissection of the preperitoneal space is made by injecting 20 mL under the internal inguinal ring (Step 3), followed by placing a gauze into the preperitoneal space, creating the space for mesh placement. We consider that the most important point of this technique is achieved through the rapid injection of TLA solution into each closed tissue space, which makes for easier dissection, hemostasis, and good pain control.
Myelodysplastic syndromes: 2021 update on diagnosis, risk stratification and management
Authors: Garcia‐Manero Guillermo , Chien Kelly S. , Montalban‐Bravo Guillermo 
Published: August 2020

AbstractDisease overviewThe myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a very heterogeneous group of myeloid disorders characterized by peripheral blood cytopenias and increased risk of transformation to acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). Myelodysplastic syndromes occur more frequently in older males and in individuals with prior exposure to cytotoxic therapy.DiagnosisDiagnosis of MDS is based on morphological evidence of dysplasia upon visual examination of a bone marrow aspirate and biopsy. Information obtained from additional studies such as karyotype, flow cytometry and molecular genetics is usually complementary and may help refine diagnosis.Risk‐stratificationPrognosis of patients with MDS can be calculated using a number of scoring systems. In general, all these scoring systems include analysis of peripheral cytopenias, percentage of blasts in the bone marrow and cytogenetic characteristics. The most commonly accepted system is the Revised International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS‐R). Somatic mutations can help define prognosis and therapy.Risk‐adapted therapyTherapy is selected based on risk, transfusion needs, percent of bone marrow blasts, cytogenetic and mutational profiles, comorbidities, potential for allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT) and prior exposure to hypomethylating agents (HMA). Goals of therapy are different in lower‐risk patients than in higher‐risk individuals and in those with HMA failure. In lower‐risk MDS, the goal is to decrease transfusion needs and transformation to higher risk disease or AML, as well as to improve survival. In higher‐risk disease, the goal is to prolong survival. In 2020, we witnessed an explosion of new agents and investigational approaches. Current available therapies include growth factor support, lenalidomide, HMAs, intensive chemotherapy and alloSCT. Novel therapeutics approved in 2020 are luspatercept and the oral HMA ASTX727. At the present time, there are no approved interventions for patients with progressive or refractory disease particularly after HMA‐based therapy. Options include participation in a clinical trial, cytarabine‐based therapy or alloSCT.
Commercial anti‐CD19 CAR T cell therapy for patients with relapsed/refractory aggressive B cell lymphoma in a European center
Authors: Sesques Pierre , Ferrant Emmanuelle , Safar Violaine , Wallet Florent , Tordo Jérémie , Dhomps Anthony , Karlin Lionel , Brisou Gabriel , Vercasson Marlène , Hospital‐Gustem Carole , Schwiertz Vérane , Ranchon Florence , Rioufol Catherine , Choquet Marion , Sujobert Pierre , Ghergus Dana , Bouafia Fadhela , Golfier Camille , Lequeu Helène , Lazareth Anne , Novelli Silvana , Devic Perrine , Traverse Glehen Alexandra , Viel Sébastien , Venet Fabienne , Mialou Valérie , Hequet Olivier , Chauchet Adrien , Arkam Yazid , Nicolas‐Virelizier Emmanuelle , Peyrade Frederic , Cavalieri Doriane , Ader Florence , Ghesquières Hervé , Salles Gilles , Bachy Emmanuel 
Published: August 2020

AbstractTwo autologous anti‐CD19 chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) T cells (axicabtagene ciloleucel [axi‐cel] and tisagenlecleucel [tisa‐cel]) are commercially approved in Europe for relapsed/refractory (R/R) diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL). We performed a retrospective study to evaluate patterns of use, efficacy and safety for axi‐cel and tisa‐cel. Data from 70 patients who underwent apheresis for commercial CAR T cells between January 2018 and November 2019 in our institution were retrospectively collected. Sixty‐one patients were infused. The median age at infusion was 59 years old (range 27‐75 years). The median number of prior therapies was 3 (range, 2‐6). The overall response rates (ORRs) at 1 month and 3 months were 63% and 45%, respectively, with 48% and 39% achieving a complete response (CR), respectively. After a median follow‐up after infusion of 5.7 months, the median progression‐free survival (PFS) was 3.0 months (95% CI, 2.8‐8.8 months), and the median overall survival (OS) was 11.8 months (95% CI, 6.0‐12.6 months). In multivariate analysis, factors associated with poor PFS were the number of previous lines of treatment before CAR T cells (≥4) (P = .010) and a C reactive protein (CRP) value >30 mg/L at the time of lymphodepletion (P < .001). Likewise, the only factor associated with a shorter OS was CRP >30 mg/L (P = .009). Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) of any grade occurred in 85% of patients, including 8% of patients with CRS of grade 3 or higher. Immune cell‐associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS) of any grade occurred in 28% of patients, including 10% of patients with ICANS of grade 3 or higher. Regarding efficacy and safety, no significant difference was found between axi‐cel and tisa‐cel. This analysis describes one of the largest real‐life cohorts of patients treated with axi‐cel and tisa‐cel for R/R aggressive B cell lymphoma in Europe.
Redox‐Neutral Nickel(II) Catalysis: Hydroarylation of Unactivated Alkenes with Arylboronic Acids
Authors: Wang Dao‐Ming , Feng Wang , Wu Yichen , Liu Tao , Wang Peng 
Published: August 2020

AbstractReported here is the discovery of a redox‐neutral NiII/NiII catalytic cycle which is capable of the linear‐selective hydroarylation of unactivated alkenes with arylboronic acids for the first time. This novel catalytic cycle, enabled by the use of an electron‐rich diimine ligand, features broad substrate scope, and excellent functional‐group and heterocycle compatibility under mild reaction conditions in the absence of additional oxidants and reductants. Mechanistic investigations using kinetic analysis and deuterium‐labelling experiments revealed the protonation to be the rate‐determining step in this redox‐neutral catalysis, and the reversible chain‐walking nature of the newly developed diimine‐Ni catalyst.
Rocuronium priming for tracheal intubation in COVID‐19 patients
Authors: Hoshijima H. , Nagasaka H. , Ozaki M. , Komiyama K. , Mieda T. , Nakamura C. , Doi K. 
Published: August 2020

SummaryPriming doses of non‐depolarising neuromuscular blocking drugs given before administration of anaesthetic agents have been used to hasten the onset of neuromuscular blockade. In the settings of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), this could be used to reduce the apnoeic, and potentially aerosol‐generating, window. To our knowledge, we report the first cases of tracheal intubation with rocuronium for COVID‐19 using the priming principle. Both patients needed their tracheas intubated for severe hypoxia using a rapid sequence induction technique with a priming dose of rocuronium. Despite adequate pre‐oxygenation a sudden, unexpected fall in arterial oxygen saturations was observed in both patients after administration of a priming dose of 2 mg of rocuronium. Clinicians should consider this possible risk associated with priming doses of neuromuscular blocking drugs in the management of patients with respiratory failure due to COVID‐19.
Coastal geomorphology and oceanographic features shape subtidal benthic communities in management areas of central Chile
Authors: Hernández Aldo , Tapia Fabián J. , Saldías Gonzalo S. , Quiñones Renato A. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

The spatial variation in community structure among 30 areas for the management and exploitation of benthic resources (AMEBRs) in central Chile was assessed from surveys conducted during the same spring–summer season. One hundred taxa identified in the subtidal surveys were grouped into 10 functional groups.
The influence and relative importance of external factors over benthic associations were assessed through nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) and path analysis. Three main categories of external factors were considered: ‘terrain traits’ (e.g. coastline exposure), ‘surface‐ocean conditions’ (e.g. sea surface temperature, SST), and ‘fishery‐related variables’ (e.g. cumulative landings).
The NMDS revealed a strong association between benthic community structure and both terrain and surface‐ocean conditions (42% of variance explained by permutational multivariate analysis of variance), but not with fishery‐related variables. Assemblages typical of rocky substrates were associated with larger seasonal fluctuations in SST and surface chlorophyll a. The presence of soft‐bottom functional groups was associated with higher levels of surface fluorescence and larger seasonal fluctuations in a satellite‐derived proxy for river‐plume influence (nLw645).
A path analysis model for hard‐bottom communities reached a 49% goodness of fit (GOF), with the presence of epifaunal filter‐feeders, grazers, predators, and scavengers being significantly correlated with leathery and corticated foliose algae, which in turn depend on the fraction of rocky substrate in the AMEBR; the fraction of rocky substrate is positively correlated with coastline exposure.
The model for soft‐bottom communities reached a 52% GOF with the presence of infaunal filter‐feeders and epifaunal detritivores depending directly on SST and surface chlorophyll a. The fishery‐related variables considered in the model had no apparent effect on the structure of either type of subtidal community.
These results provide a hierarchy of physical–biological associations determining the functional composition of subtidal benthic communities in management areas along central Chile. This knowledge may improve future assessments of ecosystem response to changes in environmental conditions and management strategies.
A flexible template generation and matching method with applications for publication reference metadata extraction
Authors: Yang Ting‐Hao , Hsieh Yu‐Lun , Liu Shih‐Hung , Chang Yung‐Chun , Hsu Wen‐Lian 
Published: August 2020

AbstractConventional rule‐based approaches use exact template matching to capture linguistic information and necessarily need to enumerate all variations. We propose a novel flexible template generation and matching scheme called the principle‐based approach (PBA) based on sequence alignment, and employ it for reference metadata extraction (RME) to demonstrate its effectiveness. The main contributions of this research are threefold. First, we propose an automatic template generation that can capture prominent patterns using the dominating set algorithm. Second, we devise an alignment‐based template‐matching technique that uses a logistic regression model, which makes it more general and flexible than pure rule‐based approaches. Last, we apply PBA to RME on extensive cross‐domain corpora and demonstrate its robustness and generality. Experiments reveal that the same set of templates produced by the PBA framework not only deliver consistent performance on various unseen domains, but also surpass hand‐crafted knowledge (templates). We use four independent journal style test sets and one conference style test set in the experiments. When compared to renowned machine learning methods, such as conditional random fields (CRF), as well as recent deep learning methods (i.e., bi‐directional long short‐term memory with a CRF layer, Bi‐LSTM‐CRF), PBA has the best performance for all datasets.
Toward improving impact of sustainable ventures in developing countries: A structuration view
Authors: Sarason Yolanda , Yuthas Kristi , Aziz Asad 
Published: August 2020

AbstractEvidence shows that low‐income and developing countries disproportionately bear the negative impacts of unsustainable business practice and are the least able to withstand these impacts. There is an urgent need to address these problems as prospects for economic development are inexorably linked to the consequences of environmental degradation and negative social impact. As global awareness of this phenomenon has risen, the attractiveness of firms that take a balanced approach between pecuniary outcomes and sustainable practices has increased. Firms are under pressure to reduce the negative externalities they generate and increase positive externalities. An approach that increases the attractiveness and effectiveness of sustainable ventures can help firms get closer to this goal. We use structuration theory to develop strategy recommendations toward this goal. Structuration theory recognizes the duality of agency and structure, and provides a framework for understanding social phenomena at a meso‐level of analysis. The theory describes three structural configurations that have varying levels of influence in social settings. We build upon this theory to argue that the success of sustainable ventures is affected by the degree to which their actions cohere with the strongest social structures operating in their regions. We illustrate our theoretical argument by describing how three sustainable tourism ventures in Central America and three organic foods ventures in Southeast Asia are co‐creating social structures that result in positive externalities.
Orthogonal Test Design for Optimization of the Extraction of Polysaccharides from Inonotus cuticularis and Their Antioxidant Activities
Authors: Guo Lei , Ma Jia‐Yu , Ma Yan‐Zhen , Zhang Tian‐Li , Mao Sheng‐Liu , Kong De‐Xian , Hua Yan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractMedical fungi polysaccharides belong to a very important species of biological macromolecules, which are the basic substances that effectively maintain and ensure the normal operation of biological life activities. However, research on extraction and biological activity of Inonotus cuticularis polysaccharides has never been reported. In this study, the optimum yield of Inonotus cuticularis polysaccharides was determined by the orthogonal experimental design. The highest yield of 3.10±0.06 % was obtained with extraction temperature of 80 °C, extraction time of 150 min, and water to raw material ratio of 30 mL/g and repeated twice. After deproteinization for 5 times, the protein removal rate reached 70.10±1.75 %, and the content of polysaccharides and protein were 46.64 and 0.42 %. Infrared spectrometer indicated that Inonotus cuticularis polysaccharides are typical β‐pyranose with characteristic peaks of polysaccharides. Subsequently, the activities of scavenging free radicals for the deproteinated polysaccharides were studied. When the concentration of Inonotus cuticularis polysaccharides was 0.3 mg/mL, the scavenging activities of the sample on DPPH., .OH, ABTS.+ and O2.− reached 83.67±0.27, 65.21±4.82, 43.45±1.36 and 80.28±2.30 %, respectively, and the reducing power reached 0.46±0.01. The IC50 values scavenging DPPH., .OH, ABTS.+ and O2.− were 0.139±0.13, 0.162±0.14, 0.317±0.30 and 0.121±0.10 mg/mL, respectively. Results showed that Inonotus cuticularis polysaccharides present potential stronger antioxidant activities, especially .OH scavenging activity and reducing power. Experimental results could provide research basis of Inonotus cuticularis polysaccharides for further exploitation and utilization.
Lignans, Monoterpenes and γ‐Pyrone Derivatives from Patrinia scabiosifolia with Cytotoxic Activity against HCT‐116 Cells
Authors: Zhang Xuan , Rui Meng‐Jue , Xu Hong‐Tao , Chou Gui‐Xin 
Published: August 2020

AbstractOne new dihydrobenzofuran neolignan, patrinianeolignan I, two new monoterpenes, 6,7‐dehydrodissectol A and patriniaol A, and a new γ‐pyrone derivative, hydroxymaltol 3‐O‐(6′‐O‐trans‐caffeoyl)‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside, along with fifteen known lignans, eight known monoterpenes, and two known γ‐pyrone derivatives, were isolated from the whole plant of Patrinia scabiosifolia. Their structures were elucidated by 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR and HR‐ESI‐MS analysis. The absolute configuration of patrinianeolignan I was confirmed by circular dichroism (CD) spectrum. All compounds were evaluated in vitro for their cytotoxic activity against HCT‐116 cells. The results showed that compounds patriniaol A and eudesmin exhibited moderate cytotoxicity against HCT‐116 cells with IC50 values of 42.23 μM and 41.92 μM, respectively.
Crystallization Schemes in the Sugar Industry
Authors: Frenzel Stefan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe crystallization scheme in the sugar industry helps controlling the technological work in such a way that white sugar of the highest possible quality is obtained with the lowest possible energy input and the molasses produced is exhausted to the maximum. The yields achievable in the individual crystallization stages have a decisive influence on the design of the crystallization schemes. Other factors include the quality of the raw materials and the product requirements as well as the equipment and the chosen crystallization process. Selected examples are used to illustrate the latitude but also the practical limitations that arise in this area of conflict between quality requirements, yield, productivity, and energy requirements for a sugar factory.
Transradial access in acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock: Stratified analysis by shock severity
Authors: Tehrani Behnam N. , Damluji Abdulla A. , Sherwood Matthew W. , Rosner Carolyn , Truesdell Alexander G. , Epps Kelly C. , Howard Edward , Barnett Scott D. , Raja Anika , deFilippi Christopher R. , Murphy Charles E. , O'Connor Christopher M. , Batchelor Wayne B. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundTransradial access (TRA) is associated with improved survival and reduced vascular complications in acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Limited data exist regarding TRA utilization and outcomes for AMI complicated by cardiogenic shock (CS). We sought to assess the safety, feasibility, and clinical outcomes of TRA in AMI‐CS.MethodsOne‐hundred and fifty‐three patients with AMI‐CS were stratified into tertiles of disease severity using the CardShock score. The primary endpoint was successful percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), defined as Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction III flow with survival to 30 days.ResultsMean age was 66 years, 72% were men, and 47% had diabetes. TRA was the preferred access site in patients with low and intermediate disease severity. Overall, 50 (32%) patients experienced major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events; most events (78%) occurred in patients undergoing transfemoral access (TFA) in the intermediate‐high tertiles of CS severity. Of the 41 (27%) total bleeding events, 32% occurred at the coronary angiography access site, of which 92% were in the TFA group. The use of ultrasound (US) guidance for TFA resulted in reduced coronary access‐site bleeding (8.5 vs. 33.0%, p = .01). In a hierarchical logistic regression model, utilizing TRA did not result in lower odds of successful PCI (Odds ratio [OR]: 1.36; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.54–3.40).ConclusionThis study suggests that TRA is feasible across the entire spectrum of AMI‐CS and is associated with reduced coronary access‐site bleeding. In addition, US‐guided TFA is associated with reductions in access‐site bleeding and vascular complications. Concerted efforts should be made to incorporate vascular access protocols into existing CS algorithms in dedicated shock care centers.