bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pandemia COVID‑19 e Perturbação Mental: Breve Revisão da Literatura
Authors: Nascimento Sandra , Pereira Camila , Caldas Inês , Silva Mariana , Mendonça Teresa , Lourenço Beatriz , Gonçalves Marco 
Published: December 2020

A pandemia COVID‑19 foi declarada uma emergência de saúde mundial. Estima‑se que poderá originar um elevado nível de sofrimento, prevendo‑se que o período de crise origine variados desafios na esfera da saúde mental, tanto na população geral como nas pessoas com perturbação mental prévia. O sofrimento psicológico e angústia generalizada devido ao impacto imediato do vírus na saúde, mas também a necessidade de implementar medidas de quarentena, de isolamento físico associado à perda nas atividades educativas e laborais, adivinham o medo da doença, o receio da morte e incerteza quanto ao futuro. Por outro lado, estima‑se que a pandemia COVID‑19 poderá afetar de modo desproporcional populações mais vulneráveis, nomeadamente os profissionais de saúde e aqueles com antecedentes prévios de perturbação mental.
Pela ameaça de problemas da saúde mental que a população em geral pode enfrentar e a possível agudização da condição de base nos doentes com perturbação mental prévia éimportante uma avaliação dos vários problemas emergentes. Com efeito, os serviços de saúde mental necessitam de uma adaptação estrutural de modo a lidar com o risco acrescido das morbidades psiquiátricas, desenvolvendo e implementando programas de rastreio e intervenção precoce, que visem não apenas os efeitos agudos, mas também os efeitos a longo prazo ou crónicos desta pandemia.
A elaboração deste artigo de revisão tem por objetivo reunir, de forma rigorosa, a informação dispersa em variadas fontes científicas atualmente existentes sobre o impacto da infeção por COVID‑19 na saúde mental, assim como a experiência clínica no terreno. Deste modo, os autores realizaram uma revisão da literatura, pela pesquisa através da PubMed e Medscape usando as palavras‑chave “Pandemic”, “COVID‑19”, “Mental Health”, “Mental Disorder”.
O artigo propõe‑se a desenvolver de forma concisa e sumária algumas das problemáticas particulares inerentes à pandemia COVID‑19 e saúde mental, propondo ainda algumas estratégias e intervenções para fazer face à situação de crise vivida. Considera‑se, no entanto, a necessidade futura da contínua realização de estudos e avaliação da experiência prática, de modo a reorientar as políticas e medidas de intervenção na saúde mental.
Exposição a “Tempo de Ecrã” e Psicopatologia na Infância
Authors: Rafael Alexandra , Gouveia Miguel , Guimarães Fernandes Sara , Costa Ana Vera , Melo Sara , Borges Sandra , Calejo Jorge Joana , Mendes Graça 
Published: December 2020

Introdução: A disponibilidade de ecrãs tem sido associada a efeitos negativos. Pretendemos caracterizar e comparar o “tempo de ecrã” em crianças e adolescentes da área de Vila Nova de Gaia, com e sem psicopatologia.
Material e Métodos: Estudo observacional, com amostra de conveniência e aplicação de questionários entre 1 de outubro de 2018 e 31 de junho de 2019 a crianças e adolescentes seguidos em Cuidados Saúdes Primários e em consulta de Psiquiatria da Infância e Adolescência.
Resultados: Amostra de 223 participantes, 184 com psicopatologia (82,5%) e 39 sem (17,5%). A maioria apresentava “tempo de ecrã” superior ao recomendado (71,4%), com superioridade naqueles com psicopatologia (p=0,006). Verificámos o mesmo relativamente à utilização de dispositivos ao adormecer ou background TV (p=0,024 e 0,008, respetivamente). A covisualização foi mais frequente nos participantes sem psicopatologia (p=0,045). O “tempo de ecrã” superior ao recomendado, background TV e covisualização mantiveram‑se significativos após regressão logística (p=0,029, p=0,024 e p=0,013, e OR = 3,741 [IC 1,148‑12,194]; OR=3,494 [IC 1,175‑10,392] e OR = 0,249 [IC 0,083‑0,750] respetivamente).
Discussão: Os resultados coadunam com o que éapontado na literatura sobre uma possível associação entre “tempo de ecrã” e psicopatologia. Será importante avaliar o efeito de causalidade desta associação.
Conclusão: O “tempo de ecrã” éexcessivo e mais frequente nos participantes com psicopatologia. A uniformização de recomendações e adaptação à realidade portuguesa são de relevância crescente na atualidade.
Reliability and validity of the Japanese version of the Gratitude at Work Scale (GAWS)
Authors: Komase Yu , Watanabe Kazuhiro , Sasaki Natsu , Kawakami Norito 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Workplace gratitude is important for improving work-related outcomes and individual well-being. Although the gratitude at work scale (GAWS) was developed in the United States, it has not been corroborated in Asian countries with interdependent cultures. This study aimed to develop and validate the GAWS among Japanese workers.

Method
Japanese workers completed online surveys at baseline (N = 206) and 2 weeks later (N = 103). The Japanese GAWS was developed according to the international guidelines. We measured (a) trait gratitude as comparison for the criterion-related validity, (b) work-related outcomes/factors (eg, work engagement), and (c) well-being (eg, eudemonic well-being at work) as comparisons for convergent validity. Cronbach’s alpha, intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs), and measurement errors were calculated to assess reliability; measurement validity was evaluated by correlational analyses and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA).

Results
A total of 206 and 93 workers were included for baseline and follow-up analyses, respectively. Cronbach’s alpha and ICCs of the Japanese GAWS ranged from 0.81 to 0.91. CFA showed that the 2-factor model (ie, gratitude for (a) a supportive work environment and (b) meaningful work) demonstrated a good fit (χ2 (34) = 67.58, CFI = 0.967, TLI = 0.956, RMSEA = 0.069, SRMR = 0.037), similar to the original version. As we had hypothesized, overall GAWS and the two domains were significantly correlated with trait gratitude, work-related outcomes/factors, and well-being.

Conclusions
The Japanese GAWS demonstrated good reliability and validity. Future research should explore mechanisms related to workplace gratitude and further intervention studies among workers.
Clinical validation of ring‐mounted halcyon linac for lung SBRT: comparison to SBRT‐dedicated C‐arm linac treatments
Authors: Pokhrel Damodar , Visak Justin , Critchfield Lana C. , Stephen Joseph , Bernard Mark E. , Randall Marcus , Kudrimoti Mahesh 
Published: December 2020

AbstractStereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) of lung tumors via the ring‐mounted Halcyon Linac, a fast kilovoltage cone beam CT‐guided treatment with coplanar geometry, a single energy 6MV flattening filter free (FFF) beam and volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) is a fast, safe, and feasible treatment modality for selected lung cancer patients. Four‐dimensional (4D) CT‐based treatment plans were generated using advanced AcurosXB algorithm with heterogeneity corrections using an SBRT board and Halcyon couch insert. Halcyon VMAT‐SBRT plans with stacked and staggered multileaf collimators produced highly conformal radiosurgical dose distribution to the target, lower intermediate dose spillage, and similar dose to adjacent organs at risks (OARs) compared to SBRT‐dedicated highly conformal clinical noncoplanar Truebeam VMAT plans following the RTOG‐0813 requirements. Due to low monitor units per fraction and less multileaf collimator (MLC) modulation, the Halcyon VMAT plan can deliver lung SBRT fractions with an overall treatment time of less than 15 min (for 50 Gy in five fractions), significantly improving patient comfort and clinic workflow. Higher pass rates of quality assurance results demonstrate a more accurate treatment delivery on Halcyon. We have implemented Halcyon for lung SBRT treatment in our clinic. We suggest others use Halcyon for lung SBRT treatments using abdominal compression or 4D CT‐based treatment planning, thus expanding the access of curative ultra‐hypofractionated treatments to other centers with only a Halcyon Linac. Clinical follow‐up results for patients treated on Halcyon Linac with lung SBRT is ongoing.
Dopamine transporter imaging predicts clinically‐defined α‐synucleinopathy in REM sleep behavior disorder
Authors: Chahine Lana M. , Brumm Michael C. , Caspell‐Garcia Chelsea , Oertel Wolfgang , Mollenhauer Brit , Amara Amy , Fernandez‐Arcos Ana , Tolosa Eduardo , Simonet Cristina , Hogl Birgit , Videnovic Aleksandar , Hutten Samantha J. , Tanner Caroline , Weintraub Daniel , Burghardt Elliot , Coffey Christopher , Cho Hyunkeun R. , Kieburtz Karl , Poston Kathleen L. , Merchant Kalpana , Galasko Douglas , Foroud Tatiana , Siderowf Andrew , Marek Kenneth , Simuni Tanya , Iranzo Alex 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIntroductionIndividuals with idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) are at high risk for a clinical diagnosis of an α‐synucleinopathy (aSN). They could serve as a key population for disease‐modifying trials. Abnormal dopamine transporter (DAT) imaging is a strong candidate biomarker for risk of aSN diagnosis in iRBD. Our primary objective was to identify a quantitative measure of DAT imaging that predicts diagnosis of clinically‐defined aSN in iRBD.MethodsThe sample included individuals with iRBD, early Parkinson’s Disease (PD), and healthy controls (HC) enrolled in the Parkinson Progression Marker Initiative, a longitudinal, observational, international, multicenter study. The iRBD cohort was enriched with individuals with abnormal DAT binding at baseline. Motor and nonmotor measures were compared across groups. DAT specific binding ratios (SBR) were used to calculate the percent of expected DAT binding for age and sex using normative data from HCs. Receiver operative characteristic analyses identified a baseline DAT binding cutoff that distinguishes iRBD participants diagnosed with an aSN in follow‐up versus those not diagnosed.ResultsThe sample included 38 with iRBD, 205 with PD, and 92 HC who underwent DAT‐SPECT at baseline. Over 4.7 years of mean follow‐up, 14 (36.84%) with iRBD were clinically diagnosed with aSN. Risk of aSN diagnosis was significantly elevated among those with baseline putamen SBR ≤ 48% of that expected for age and sex, relative to those above this cutoff (hazard ratio = 17.8 [95%CI: 3.79–83.3], P = 0.0003).ConclusionWe demonstrate the utility of DAT SBR to identify individuals with iRBD with increased short‐term risk of an aSN diagnosis.
Predictors of Osteonecrosis in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Kallas Romy , Li Jessica , Petri Michelle 
Published: December 2020

ObjectiveWe aimed at determining the predictors of osteonecrosis (ON) in a longitudinal lupus cohort.MethodsData were reviewed from the initiation of the cohort in 1987 until October 2019. In total, 2,428 patients were included in the analysis based on 224,295 person‐months of follow‐up. We used pooled logistic regression to assess the relationship between risk factors and rates of ON events. After identifying a set of variables related to ON incidence, we fit a final multivariable model to identify the most important risk factors for incident ON.ResultsIn 18,691 person‐years of follow‐up after cohort entry, 122 incident ON events were observed (rate = 6.5/1,000 person‐years). In the multivariable analysis, African American patients were at twice the risk for ON compared to White patients. Male patients and smokers had an increased risk for ON of ~80% and 50% compared to female patients and nonsmokers, respectively. For every 10‐year increase in the age at diagnosis, there was a 20% reduced risk for ON. Patients diagnosed after the 1990s had a 50% reduced risk of ON compared to those diagnosed before the 1990s. A highest daily dosage of prednisone of 40 mg or higher, even when administered for a month or less, significantly increased the risk of ON. Use of pulse methylprednisolone or intramuscular triamcinolone was not associated with an increased risk of ON.ConclusionAfrican American patients with systemic lupus erythematosus are at double the risk of experiencing ON compared to White patients. Oral prednisone at 20–39 mg for more than 1 month, or 40 mg daily for even 1 month, at any point in the disease course, remained the most important glucocorticoid predictor of ON.
Lifetime Allergy Symptoms in IgG4‐Related Disease: A Case–Control Study
Authors: Sanders Samantha , Fu Xiaoqing , Zhang Yuqing , Perugino Cory A. , Wallwork Rachel , Della‐Torre Emanuel , Harvey Liam , Harkness Tyler , Long Aidan , Choi Hyon K. , Stone John H. , Wallace Zachary S. 
Published: December 2020

ObjectiveThe etiology of IgG4‐related disease (IgG4‐RD) is unknown, and there has been controversy over the significance of allergic conditions in IgG4‐RD. We examined the prevalence of lifetime allergy symptoms in IgG4‐RD and the association between these and IgG4‐RD.MethodsWe identified IgG4‐RD patients and non‐IgG4‐RD controls without autoimmune conditions seen at a single center. IgG4‐RD patients were classified using the American College of Rheumatology/European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology classification criteria. Allergy symptoms were ascertained by questionnaire. We assessed the association of IgG4‐RD features with allergy symptoms. We compared the proportion of cases and controls with allergy symptoms using conditional logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) after matching cases and controls 1:1 by age and sex.ResultsLifetime allergy symptoms were reported by 165 (71%) of 231 IgG4‐RD patients. Aeroallergen symptoms were most commonly reported (n = 135, 58%), followed by skin allergy symptoms (n = 97, 42%) and food allergy symptoms (n = 47, 20%). IgG4‐RD cases with a history of allergy symptoms were more likely to have head and neck involvement (OR 2.0 [95% CI 1.1–3.6]) and peripheral eosinophilia (OR 3.3 [95% CI 1.2–9.0]) than those without allergy symptoms. The prevalence of any allergy symptoms was similar between cases and controls (OR 0.7 [95% CI 0.4–1.1]); this remained consistent after stratifying by head and neck involvement.ConclusionLifetime allergy symptoms are common in IgG4‐RD but are not reported more often in IgG4‐RD compared to non‐IgG4‐RD patients without autoimmune conditions. These findings suggest that allergies are not uniquely associated with the pathogenesis or presentation of IgG4‐RD.
Freeze‐Thawing Chitosan/Ions Hydrogel Coated Gauzes Releasing Multiple Metal Ions on Demand for Improved Infected Wound Healing
Authors: Xiao Jian , Zhou Yajiao , Ye Mengqi , An Ying , Wang Kangning , Wu Qiuji , Song Liwan , Zhang Junwen , He Huacheng , Zhang Qianwen , Wu Jiang 
Published: December 2020

AbstractImbalance of metal ions in the wound microenvironment is a key factor that leads to delayed wound healing. However, single metal administration to enhance wound repair is usually not enough due to the overlapping nature of the wound healing phases. Herein, a facile freeze‐thawing strategy is developed to incorporate chitosan/ions hydrogel into medical gauzes to realize on‐demand release of multiple ions to accelerate wound healing. In vitro study reveals that the gauzes can temporally release multiple metal ions on demand, and the released metal ions show effectiveness in killing bacteria and expediting cell migration. In vivo studies demonstrate that the metal ions loaded gauzes can efficiently enhance infected wound healing. Further histological analysis find that these metal ion‐loaded gauzes accelerate wound healing by promoting granulation formation, collagen deposition and maturation, re‐epithelization, angiogenesis, and inhibiting inflammation via regulating the expression of inflammatory factors (e.g., tumor necrosis factor‐α) and polarization of macrophages. Thus, this novel metal ions delivery system has great potential in infected tissue repair and antibacterial applications.
Stoichiometry and Termination Control of LaAlO3/SrTiO3 Bilayer Interfaces
Authors: Yan Hong , Börgers Jacqueline Marie , Rose Marc‐André , Baeumer Christoph , Kim Bongju , Jin Lei , Dittmann Regina , Gunkel Felix 
Published: December 2020

AbstractDriven by the interest in fundamental physics and potential applications in novel electronic devices, intense effort is devoted to integration of oxide‐based 2D electron gases (2DEGs) with other functional materials. As a classic model system, LaAlO3/SrTiO3 (LAO/STO) has gained significant attentions. However, due to limitations in synthesis and high demands on the involved thin films, the formation of conductive interfaces between artificially grown STO and LAO thin films is an extreme challenge; oftentimes these interfaces remain insulating or show poor transport properties, which inhibits the development of all‐thin‐film devices. Here, by adopting high temperature growth to achieve step‐flow growth mode and fine‐tuning the laser fluence during pulsed laser deposition, high quality homoepitaxial STO thin films with sufficiently low point‐defect concentration and controllable surface termination are obtained. Fully metallic 2DEGs are then realized at interfaces between STO thin films and both crystalline and amorphous LAO overlayers. The observed slightly reduced mobility in the bilayer LAO/STO/STO structures as compared with single‐layer LAO/STO structures is related to residual defect formation during STO synthesis, yielding a disordered metallic oxide system. The results give prospect of multilayer interfaces potentially accessible in superlattice structures and provide a reliable starting point for back‐gated all‐thin‐film field‐effect devices.
The Functional Deubiquitinating Enzymes in Control of Innate Antiviral Immunity
Authors: Zong Zhi , Zhang Zhengkui , Wu Liming , Zhang Long , Zhou Fangfang 
Published: December 2020

AbstractInnate antiviral immunity is the first line of host defense against invading viral pathogens. Immunity activation primarily relies on the recognition of pathogen‐associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Viral proteins or nucleic acids mainly engage three classes of PRRs: Toll‐like receptors (TLRs), retinoic acid‐inducible gene I (RIG‐I)‐like receptors (RLRs), and DNA sensor cyclic GMP‐AMP (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS). These receptors initiate a series of signaling cascades that lead to the production of proinflammatory cytokines and type I interferon (IFN‐I) in response to viral infection. This system requires precise regulation to avoid aberrant activation. Emerging evidence has unveiled the crucial roles that the ubiquitin system, especially deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs), play in controlling immune responses. In this review, an overview of the most current findings on the function of DUBs in the innate antiviral immune pathways is provided. Insights into the role of viral DUBs in counteracting host immune responses are also provided. Furthermore, the prospects and challenges of utilizing DUBs as therapeutic targets for infectious diseases are discussed.
Influence of food safety standards on trade: Evidence from the pistachio sector
Authors: Rabadán Adrián , Triguero Ángela 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis paper analyses the influence of food safety standards related to aflatoxin contamination on the pistachio trade of the world's two leading pistachio producers (the United States and Iran) during the period 1996–2014. Using diverse econometric procedures, the estimation of extended gravity models shows that both countries benefit from stricter food safety standards imposed by importing countries. The results also show that US exports are not negatively affected by the distance from the importer (higher differentiation), while the impact of distance on the Iranian pistachio trade is negative. The results reveal that stricter food safety requirements are positive for both producing countries, regardless of their level of economic development, resulting in a “win–win” scenario. However, the findings also confirm that other variables, such as distance, the role of producers' associations and quality perception, should be considered. [EconLit citations: F10, F63, I18, Q17].
Study of filtered interphase heat transfer using highly resolved CFD–DEM simulations
Authors: Lei He , Zhu Li‐Tao , Luo Zheng‐Hong 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAccurately predicting the complex inhomogeneous heat transfer behavior in gas–solid fluidized beds is of fundamental importance. In this work, we constitute an enhanced filtered interphase heat transfer coefficient (IHTC) closure by systematically filtering the dataset from highly resolved three‐dimensional (3D) computational fluid dynamics–discrete element model simulations. Particularly, effects of several potential filtered variable markers on filtered IHTC predictions are examined by statistical analysis. We reveal the formulated filtered IHTC correction closure manifests a systematic dependence on filtered interphase temperature difference as an additional marker. The proposed closure shows good agreement with the filtered fine‐grid simulation data in an a priori analysis. Moreover, the difference of filtered IHTC corrections deduced from 3D Euler–Euler and Euler–Lagrange simulations is quantified. Finally, the comparative analysis between our proposed filtered IHTC formulation and those in literature is implemented. This work holds a potential to facilitate the development of thermal gas–solid flow modeling.
Impact of weir design on entrained liquid in tray columns
Authors: Schulz Jonas , Usslar Michelle , Bart Hans‐Jörg 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMalfunction of the counter‐current flow inside tray columns by entrainment of the liquid phase to higher stages depends on operation parameters but also internal design. The article covers the impact of weir design in terms of triangular notched and picket fence weirs on entrainment above sieve trays. A capture tray enables collection and weighing of the entrained liquid, while an image‐based measurement technique additionally observes the respective droplet regime. Experimental results identify lower entrainment rates in case of advancing weir heights and use of a picket fence design. Still, tray designers should preset the desired operation range, as advancing weir heights and picket fence design limit the liquid tray capacity. Furthermore, image analysis enables an extrapolation of the locally detected liquid to an integral entrainment rate for comparison with the conservative capture tray method, as calculated entrainment correlations do not meet the experimental data at each operating point.