bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adapting the UCLA 3-item loneliness scale for community-based depressive symptoms screening interview among older Chinese: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Liu Tianyin , Lu Shiyu , Leung Dara K Y , Sze Lesley C Y , Kwok Wai Wai , Tang Jennifer Y M , Luo Hao , Lum Terry Y S , Wong Gloria H Y 
Published: December 2020

ObjectiveLoneliness is a significant and independent risk factor for depression in later life. Particularly in Asian culture, older people may find it less stigmatising to express loneliness than depression. This study aimed to adapt a simple loneliness screen for use in older Chinese, and to ascertain its relevance in detecting depressive symptoms as a community screening tool.Design, setting and participantsThis cross-sectional study was conducted among 1653 older adults aged 60 years or above living in the community in Hong Kong. This was a convenient sample recruited from four local non-governmental organisations providing community eldercare or mental healthcare services. All data was collected by trained social workers through face-to-face interviews.MeasuresLoneliness was measured using an adapted Chinese version of UCLA 3-item Loneliness Scale, depression symptoms were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and social support with emotional and instrumental support proxies (number of people who can offer help). Basic demographics including age, gender, education and living arrangement were also recorded.ResultsThe average loneliness score was 3.9±3.0, and it had a moderate correlation with depressive symptoms (r=0.41, p<0.01). A loneliness score of 3 can distinguish those without depression from those with mild or more significant depressive symptoms, defined as a PHQ-9 score of ≥5 (sensitivity 76%, specificity 62%, area under the curve=0.73±0.01). Loneliness explained 18% unique variance of depressive symptoms, adding to age, living arrangement and emotional support as significant predictors.ConclusionA 3-item loneliness scale can reasonably identify older Chinese who are experiencing depressive symptoms as a quick community screening tool. Its wider use may facilitate early detection of depression, especially in cultures with strong mental health stigma.Trial registration numberClinicalTrials.gov NCT03593889
Periprosthetic fractures: the next fragility fracture epidemic? A national observational study
Authors: Bottle Alex , Griffiths Richard , White Stuart , Wynn-Jones Henry , Aylin Paul , Moppett Iain , Chowdhury Emyr , Wilson Helen , Davies Benjamin M 
Published: December 2020

ObjectivesPeriprosthetic fractures have considerable clinical implications for patients and financial implications for healthcare systems. This study aims to determine the burden of periprosthetic fractures of the lower and upper limbs in England and identify any factors associated with differences in treatment and outcome.DesignA national, observational study.SettingEngland.ParticipantsAll individuals admitted to hospital with periprosthetic fractures between 1 April 2015 and 31 December 2018.Primary and secondary outcome measuresMortality, length of stay, change in rate of admissions.MethodsWe analysed Hospital Episode Statistics data using the International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision code M96.6 (Fracture of bone following insertion of orthopaedic implant, joint prosthesis, or bone plate) to identify periprosthetic fractures recorded between April 2013 and December 2018. We determined the demographics, procedures performed, mortality rates and discharge destinations. Patient characteristics associated with having a procedure during the index admission were estimated using logistic regression. The annual rate of increase in admissions was estimated using Poisson regression.ResultsBetween 1 April 2015 and 31 December 2018, there were 13 565 patients who had 18 888 admissions (89.5% emergency) with M96.6 in the primary diagnosis field. There was a 13% year-on-year increase in admissions for periprosthetic fracture in England during that period. Older people, people living in deprived areas and those with heart failure or neurological disorders were less likely to receive an operation. 14.4% of patients did not return home after hospital discharge. The overall inpatient mortality was 4.3% and total 30-day mortality was 3.3%.ConclusionsThe clinical and operational burden of periprosthetic fractures is considerable and increasing rapidly. We suggest that the management of people with periprosthetic fractures should be undertaken and funded in a similar manner to that successfully employed for people sustaining hip fractures, using national standards and data collection to monitor and improve performance.
Prevalence and health correlates of reduced kidney function among community-dwelling Chinese older adults: the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study
Authors: Jin Haiyu , Zhou Jingyi , Wu Chenkai 
Published: December 2020

ObjectivesWe aimed to understand the prevalence of reduced kidney function in China by sociodemographics and geographical region, and to examine health correlates of reduced kidney function.DesignCross-sectional study.Setting and participantsParticipants were 6706 adults ≥60 years from the 2015–2016 wave of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study.Outcome measuresReduced kidney function was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate of less than 60 mL/min per 1.73 m². The estimated glomerular filtration rate was calculated with the creatinine–cystatin C equation developed by the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration in 2012. The associations between reduced kidney function and potential risk factors were analysed using multivariable regression models.ResultsThe prevalence of reduced kidney function was 10.3% (95% CI: 9.3% to 11.2%), corresponding to approximately 20 million older adults. Multivariable analysis showed that older adults with hypertension (β=−3.61, 95% CI: −4.42 to 2.79), cardiac disease (β=−1.90, 95% CI: −2.93 to 0.86), who had a stroke (β=−3.75, 95% CI: −6.35 to 1.15), kidney disease (β=−3.88, 95% CI: −5.62 to 2.13), slow gait speed (β=−2.23, 95% CI: −3.27 to 1.20), and living in the South (β=−4.38, 95% CI: −5.95 to 2.80) and South Central (β=−1.85, 95% CI: −3.15 to 0.56) were more significantly likely to have reduced kidney function.ConclusionsKidney function screening should be performed, especially in patients with hypertension, cardiac disease and who had a stroke. More efforts should be paid to improve the kidney function of older adults living in the South and South Central parts of China.
Birth experience during COVID-19 confinement (CONFINE): protocol for a multicentre prospective study
Authors: Bertholdt Charline , Epstein Jonathan , Banasiak Claire , Ligier Fabienne , Dahlhoff Sandra , Olieric Marie France , Mottet Nicolas , Beaumont Marine , Morel Olivier 
Published: December 2020

IntroductionThe absence of companionship during childbirth is known to be responsible for negative emotional birth experience, which can increase the risk of postpartum depression and post-traumatic stress disorder. The context of COVID-19 epidemic and the related confinement could increase the rate of negative experience and mental disorders. The main objective is to compare, in immediate post partum, the maternal sense of control during childbirth between a group of women who gave birth during confinement (‘confinement’ group) versus a group of women who gave birth after confinement but in the context of epidemic (‘epidemic’ group) versus a group of control women (‘control’ group; excluding confinement and epidemic context).Methods and analysisThis is a national multicentre prospective cohort study conducted in four French maternity units. We expect to include 927 women in a period of 16 months. Women will be recruited immediately in post partum during three different periods constituting the three groups: ‘confinement’; ‘epidemic’ and ‘control’ group. The maternal sense of control will be evaluated by the Labour Agentry Scale questionnaire completed immediately in post partum. Postnatal depression (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale), post-traumatic stress disorder (Impact of Event Scale—Revised) and breast feeding (evaluative statement) will be evaluated at 2 months post partum.Ethics and disseminationThe study was approved by the French Ethics Committee, the CPP (Comité de Protection des Personnes) SUD OUEST ET OUTRE-MER IV on 16th of April 2020 with reference number CPP2020-04-040. The results of this study will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and will be presented at relevant conferences.Trial registration numberNCT04348929.
Factors associated with the mental health status of medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study in Japan
Authors: Arima Makiko , Takamiya Yusuke , Furuta Atsuko , Siriratsivawong Kris , Tsuchiya Shizuma , Izumi Miki 
Published: December 2020

ObjectiveThe COVID-19 pandemic had a substantial impact on university students, including those in medical schools, with disruption in routine education causing significant psychological distress. The objective of this study was to evaluate the factors associated with psychological distress among medical students during the period of enforced home quarantine from March through May 2020.DesignA cross-sectional study.SettingOne Japanese medical school.Participants571 medical students.Primary and secondary outcome measuresSelf-administered electronic questionnaires including the K-6 scale for psychological distress, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) for self-esteem and the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) for self-efficacy were distributed. To assess the determinant factor for psychological distress, variables such as sex, grade in school, living conditions, and RSES and GSES scores were evaluated in regression analysis.Results163 respondents (28.5%) scored ≥5 on the K-6 scale, indicating a significant degree of psychological distress. Logistic regression revealed that a higher score on RSES (p<0.001) and GSES (p<0.01) was an independent factor associated with lower levels of psychological distress. Multiple regression analysis focusing on students with a K-6 score ≥5 revealed that higher scores on RSES correlated with lower levels of psychological distress. By contrast, those with higher GSES scores also scored higher for indicators of psychological distress.ConclusionsThis study identified that self-efficacy and self-esteem were both influential factors for predicting psychological distress during the current COVID-19 pandemic. Medical schools should provide support for mental health and educational initiatives directed at enhancing self-esteem and self-efficacy, with a focus on improving personal resilience. In emergency situations, such as that faced in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, initial programmes might target students with higher levels of self-efficacy. By contrast, under routine situations, these efforts should be directed towards students with lower self-esteem as primary means to prevent depression.
Discontinuation of oral anticoagulation in atrial fibrillation and risk of ischaemic stroke
Authors: García Rodríguez Luis Alberto , Cea Soriano Lucía , Munk Hald Stine , Hallas Jesper , Balabanova Yanina , Brobert Gunnar , Vora Pareen , Sharma Mike , Gaist David 
Published: December 2020

ObjectiveTo evaluate associations between oral anticoagulant (OAC) discontinuation and risk of ischaemic stroke (IS) among patients with atrial fibrillation (AF).MethodsWe undertook a population-based cohort study with nested case–control analysis using UK primary care electronic health records (IQVIA Medical Research Data-UK) and linked registries from the Region of Southern Denmark (RSD). Patients with AF (76 882 UK, 41 526 RSD) were followed to identify incident IS cases during 2016–2018. Incident IS cases were matched by age and sex to controls. Adjusted ORs for OAC discontinuation (vs current OAC use) were calculated using logistic regression.ResultsWe identified 616 incident IS cases in the UK and 643 in the RSD. ORs for IS with any OAC discontinuation were 2.99 (95% CI 2.31 to 3.86, UK) and 2.30 (95% CI 1.79 to 2.95, RSD), for vitamin K antagonist discontinuation they were 2.38 (95% CI 1.72 to 3.30, UK) and 1.83 (95% CI 1.34 to 2.49, RSD), and for non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant discontinuation they were 4.59 (95% CI 2.97 to 7.08, UK) and 3.37 (95% CI 2.35 to 4.85, RSD). ORs were unaffected by time since discontinuation and duration of use. Annually, up to 987 IS cases in the UK and 132 in Denmark could be preventable if OAC therapy is not discontinued.ConclusionsOur results suggest that patients with AF who discontinue OAC therapy have a significant twofold to threefold higher risk of IS compared with those who continue therapy. Addressing OAC discontinuation could potentially result in a significant reduction in AF-attributed IS.
Impact of off-shell dynamics on the transport properties and the dynamical evolution of charm quarks at RHIC and LHC temperatures
Authors: Sambataro Maria Lucia , Plumari Salvatore , Greco Vincenzo 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe evaluate drag and diffusion transport coefficients comparing a quasi-particle approximation with on-shell constituents of the QGP medium and a dynamical quasi-particles model with off-shell bulk medium at finite temperature T. We study the effects of the width $$\gamma $$
γ
of the particles of the bulk medium on the charm quark transport properties exploring the range where $$\gamma < M_{q,g}$$

γ
<

M

q
,
g

. We find that off-shell effects are in general quite moderate and can induce a reduction of the drag coefficient at low momenta that disappear already at moderate momenta, $$p \gtrsim $$

p
≳

2–3 GeV. We also observe a moderate reduction of the breaking of the fluctuation–dissipation theorem (FDT) at finite momenta. Moreover, we have performed a first study of the dynamical evolution of HQ elastic energy loss in a bulk medium at fixed temperature extending the Boltzmann (BM) collision integral to include off-shell dynamics. A comparison among the Langevin dynamics, the BM collisional integral with on-shell and the BM extension to off-shell dynamics shows that the evolution of charm energy when off-shell effects are included remain quite similar to the case of the on-shell BM collision integral.
Synthesis of Heterostructure g-C3N4/h-MoO3 with Enhanced Photoactivity: Influencing Factors and Mechanism Insight
Authors: Wu Kun , Li Fengrui , Guo Jia , Zou Jian , Li Hao , Li Jianding , Wu Huadong , Zhang Linfeng 
Published: December 2020

Photocatalytic degradation is an attractive technology for treating the growing environmental problems. In this work, the g-C3N4/h-MoO3 composite photocatalyst was fabricated through a simple mixed evaporation and subsequent annealing process. The prepared g-C3N4/h-MoO3 composites show enhanced photocatalytic performance compared with pristine h-MoO3 and g-C3N4 as well as their physical mixture. The apparent rate constants for tetracycline (TC) degradation of the C-M3 composite are estimated to be 0.01273 min[Formula: see text], which is 8.43 and 3.13 times as high as that of MoO3 and g-C3N4, respectively. The improved photodegradation activity is due to the broadened light absorption and more efficient charge separation. Therefore, a faster generation rate of superoxide radical ([Formula: see text]O[Formula: see text] and hydroxyl radical (•OH) is observed in the composites. According to the trapping experiments, the •O[Formula: see text] and photogenerated holes (h[Formula: see text] are the predominant active species in the photocatalytic degradation process, while the [Formula: see text]OH plays a negligible role. Notably, due to the matched band structure, a direct Z-scheme g-C3N4/h-MoO3 heterojunction is formed, which is verified by radical trapping experiments and density functional theory simulation. It is expected that the prepared heterostructure composties coud be employed as a promising photocatalyst for wastewater remediation.
Selling Out or Buying In? CCM Magazine and Anxieties over Commercial Priorities in Christian Music, 1980s–1990s
Authors: Mall Andrew 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In 1992, emi acquired Sparrow Records. At that time, emi was one of the “Big Six” (secular) major record labels; Sparrow was the largest and most successful label in the Christian record industry. As in other sectors of the music and entertainment industries, reactions to corporate consolidations are mixed. This issue is particularly fraught in the Christian industry, in which the relationship between financial and theological priorities was tense long before its incorporation into the secular industry. How did these discourses manifest in public? What significance did they have for fans, artists, and cultural intermediaries? ccm magazine and its sister publications, for decades the primary sources of information about and for the Christian market, provide a unique opportunity to observe and analyze these tensions leading up to these mergers and acquisitions. In this article I consider the role of ccm’s reporting and editorial content as a barometer of broader anxieties over commercial priorities and corporate consolidation.
Gaming and Grieving: Digital Games as Means of Confronting and Coping with Death
Authors: McGuire Beverley Foulks 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This paper explores structural similarities between playing a digital game and experiencing grief. The digital game Mandagon evokes a sense of loss through its game environment of grey mountainous landscapes, broken wooden scaffolds, and Tibetan temples and prayer flags in states of disrepair. It elicits feelings of disorientation and dependency as players repeatedly fall from scaffolds but ascend by using lifts or finding air bubble streams underwater. It encompasses terrestrial, corporeal, and cosmic crossings as players move through air, land, and water, as they neither inhabit nor encounter a human body, and they cross various cosmic thresholds through the course of the game. For players struggling with grief, it validates and normalizes feelings of emptiness, loneliness, and vulnerability in the wake of death and loss.
The Abbasid Mosaic Tradition and the Great Mosque of Damascus
Authors: Leal Bea 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Glass wall mosaic is a major feature of early Islamic architecture, surviving above all in the Umayyad monuments of the Dome of the Rock and the Great Mosque of Damascus. These grand mosaics inspired periodic revivals from the eleventh century onwards. The centuries between the Umayyad commissions and the first of the documented revivals, however, have been seen as a period of decline for the craft; the Abbasid dynasty that defeated the Umayyads in 750 has not traditionally been associated with the medium. This article reexamines the question, looking at textual and material evidence for Abbasid mosaic production. It argues that, in fact, there was a continuous mosaic tradition well into the ninth century, under the patronage of both caliphs and lower-ranking officials. The first part of the article considers written evidence for mosaics in Mecca and Medina. The second part looks in detail at a surviving example that, it will be argued, dates to the Abbasid period, on the Bayt al-Mal (Treasury) of the Great Mosque of Damascus. The concluding section discusses factors behind the general decline in mosaic production in the tenth century and the possibility of pockets of continuity.
Russian Modernization in East Anatolia: The Case of Kars
Authors: Gurallar Neşe 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
On the Armenian border of Turkey, Kars was under the rule of tsarist Russia between the years 1877 and 1917. In this period, Kars was rebuilt with a gridded urban plan and furnished with magnificent churches and other public buildings. This article studies the urban and architectural history of Kars in order to gain a deeper understanding of the complex relations between modernity, Russian colonization, and the memories of the city’s traumatic past. An embryo of modern urban bourgeois life emerged in Kars during the Russian occupation. Symbols of urban modernity—regular street patterns, European-style buildings, public squares, city parks, monuments decorating public spaces, macadamized streets and squares, public spaces lit at night, a vivid cultural life, banks and loans, shops with luxury goods—all came to fruition in Kars at this time, not only to modernize the city, but also to lighten its depressed look.
Angiotensinogen M235T polymorphism and susceptibility to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in Asian population: A meta analysis
Authors: Zhen Zhen , Gao Lu , Wang Qin , Chen Xi , Na Jia , Xu Xiwei , Yuan Yue 
Published: December 2020

Objective: To explore the relationship between the polymorphism of angiotensinogen gene (AGT) M235T and susceptibility to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) in Asian population by meta-analysis. Methods: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane library, CNKI, Wan Fang, and other databases were searched to collect the literature about AGT M235T polymorphism and HCM from the inception to March 1, 2020. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) checklist was uesd to perform independent literature review and study quality assessment. Data was analyzed by Stata 15.0 software. Results: The results showed that, except for the recessive genetic model (TT vs MT+MM: OR = 1.27, 95%CI: 1.05–1.53), in the other four genetic models, the M235T polymorphism had no significant correlation with the risk of HCM (T vs M: OR = 1.17, 95%CI: 0.88–1.57; TT+MT vs MM: OR = 1.13, 95%CI: 0.55–2.33; TT vs MM: OR = 1.25, 95%CI: 0.60–2.59; TM vs MM: OR = 0.95, 95%CI0.5–1.82). The results of subgroup analysis showed that, except for the heterozygous genetic model, in the other four genetic models, M235T polymorphism was significantly associated with sporadic hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (SHCM), but not with familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (FHCM) ( p > 0.05). Conclusion: M235T polymorphism in Asians is associated with HCM, especially SHCM. Heterozygotes increase the risk of patients with SHCM.
Vessel-wall MRI in thunderclap headache: A useful tool to answer the riddle?
Authors: Rustici Arianna , Merli Elena , Cevoli Sabina , Donato Marco Di , Pierangeli Giulia , Favoni Valentina , Bortolotti Carlo , Sturiale Carmelo , Cortelli Pietro , Cirillo Luigi 
Published: December 2020

Background Finding an intracranial aneurysm (IA) during a thunderclap headache (TCH) attack, represents a problem because it is necessary to distinguish whether the aneurysm is responsible for the headache as a warning leak or as an incidental finding. High-Resolution Vessel-Wall (HRVW) MRI sequences have been proposed to assess the stability of the wall, as it permits to detect the presence of aneurysmal wall enhancement (AWE). In fact, AWE has been confirmed due to inflammation, recognizable preceding rupture. Case 1: A 37-year-old woman with a migraine more intense than her usual. A CTA revealed a 10 mm AComA aneurysm without subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and HRVW-MRI excluded AWE. The patient’s headache improved, and therefore, the aneurysm was considered an incidental finding, and the headache diagnosed as TCH attack. Subsequently, the aneurysm was surgically clipped, and typical migraine relapsed was reported at follow-up (FU). Case 2: A 67-year-old woman with no history of headaches underwent CTA for an abrupt onset of headache. A 7 mm right carotid-ophthalmic aneurysm with no sign of SAH was discovered. HRVW-MRI demonstrated AWE and thus, a TCH attack for a warning leak of an unstable wall was suspected. Endovascular coiling was immediately performed and at FU any further headache attack was reported. Conclusions HRVW-MRI is useful in case of finding aneurysm as the cause of headaches, particularly the TCH attack. In fact, HRVW-MRI could assess the stability of the aneurysms wall, allowing different patient management and eventually the aneurysmal treatment.