bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changing trends in lymphoid neoplasm distribution in South Korea: analysis of 8615 cases from a single institute, 1997–2016
Authors: Sim Jongmin , Takayama Takuya , Cho Junhun , Kim Seok Jin , Kim Won Seog , Ree Howe J. , Ko Young Hyeh 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in the proportion of lymphoid neoplasm subtypes in South Korea. A total of 8615 cases of lymphoid neoplasms diagnosed in 1997–2016 at Samsung Medical Center in South Korea were classified according to the 2008 World Health Organization system. The total number and proportion of lymphoid neoplasms were compared between these two decades, with data from nationwide studies, and with other countries. To evaluate changes in the proportion of subtypes, crude rate of each subtype per 100 lymphoma patients during each decade and age adjusted rate were calculated. There were 3024 patients with lymphoid neoplasm in 1997–2006, and 5591 in 2007–2016, which represents an average increase of 1.85 times over the 20-year study period. Crude rate and age adjusted rate were increased in Hodgkin's lymphoma and mature B cell lymphoma while precursor lymphoid neoplasms and mature T cell lymphoma were decreased. Among B cell neoplasms, age adjusted rate of plasma cell neoplasm, follicular lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma increased while there was no significant change in extranodal marginal zone lymphoma and Burkitt lymphoma. The increase in follicular lymphoma was due to the increases in nodal follicular lymphoma of low grade and duodenal-type follicular lymphoma. These results are consistent with the dynamics of causative factors, including socioeconomic factors, in Korea.
Prognosis of patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma treated with molecularly targeted drugs combined with radiotherapy vs temozolomide monotherapy
Authors: Wang Wen-Lei , Aru Na , Liu Zhi , Shen Xun , Ding Yi-Ming , Wu Shi-Ju , Qin Huai-Hai , Jin Wen-Yi 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background:
Glioblastoma (GB) is one of the most common malignancies with limited standard therapies such as surgery, radiotherapy (RT) plus temozolomide (TMZ). Molecularly targeted drugs have been investigated among various clinical trials and are expected to develop in the field of tumor therapy, while the efficacy remains uncertain due to limited previous results. Thus, we focus on the evaluation of molecularly targeted drugs to clarify its overall effectiveness in terms of treating newly diagnosed GB.

Methods:
Electronic databases were searched for eligible literatures updated to April 2018. Randomized-controlled trials were included to assess the efficacy and safety of molecularly targeted drugs in patients with newly diagnosed GB. The main outcomes were further calculated including the following parameters: PFS (progression-free survival), OS (overall survival) as well as AEs (adverse events). All data were pooled along with their 95% confidence interval using RevMan software. Sensitivity analyses and heterogeneity were evaluated quantitatively.

Results:
The combination of molecularly targeted drugs with TMZ + RT had no significant effects on OS (OR = 0.96, 95%CI = 0.89−1.04, P = .36). Meanwhile, the combination regimen significantly improved the PFS of patients with newly diagnosed GB (OR = 0.86 ,95% CI 0.75−0.98, P = .02). The rate of AEs (OR = 1.68,95%CI = 1.44−1.97, P < .00001) was higher in patients receiving molecularly targeted drugs, which was comparable to the contemporary group.

Conclusion:
Longer PFS and a higher rate of AEs were observed with the addition of molecularly targeted drugs to standard chemoradiation in patients harboring newly diagnosed GB. Nevertheless, compared with the control arm, the regimen did not significantly prolong OS.
Effect of massive blood transfusion on late outcomes after surgical repair of acute type A aortic dissection
Authors: Chen Fang-Ting , Chou An-Hsun , Wu Victor Chien-Chia , Yang Chia-Hung , Chu Pao-Hsien , Ting Pei-Chi , Chen Shao-Wei 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Massive blood transfusion (MBT) increased mortality and morbidity after cardiac surgery. However, a mid-term follow-up study on repair surgery of acute type A aortic dissection (AAAD) with MBT was lacking. This study aimed to assess the impact of perioperative MBT on late outcomes of surgical repair for AAAD.
There were 3209 adult patients firstly received repair surgery for AAAD between 2005 and 2013, were identified using Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. Primary interest variable was MBT, defined as transfused red blood cell (RBC) ≥10 units.
The outcomes contained in-hospital mortality, surgical-related complications, all-cause mortality, respiratory failure, and chronic kidney disease (CKD) during follow-up period. Higher in-hospital mortality (37.7% vs 11.6%; odds ratio, 4.00; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.30–4.85), all-cause mortality (26.1% vs 13.0%; hazard ratio [HR], 1.66; 95% CI, 1.36–2.04), and perioperative complications were noted in the MBT group. A subdistribution hazard model revealed higher cumulative incidence of CKD (13.9% vs 6.5%; HR, 1.95; 95% CI, 1.47–2.60) and respiratory failure (7.1% vs 2.7%; HR, 2.34; 95% CI, 1.52–3.61) for the MBT cohort. A dose-dependent relationship between amount of transfused RBC (classified as tertiles) and cumulative incidence of all-cause mortality, incident CKD, and respiratory failure was found (P of trend test <.001).
Patients with MBT had worse late outcomes following surgical repair of AAAD. The cumulative incidence of all-cause mortality, incident CKD, and respiratory failure increased with the amount of transfused RBC in a dose-dependent manner.
Thread-embedding acupuncture for lumbar herniated intervertebral disc
Authors: Yoon Jin-Young , Park Yeon-Cheol , Kim Sung-Jin , Goo Bonhyuk , Nam Sang-Soo , Baek Yong-Hyeon , Kim Eun-Jung , Nam Dongwoo , Lee Hyun-Jong , Kim Jae-Soo , Seo Byung-Kwan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background:
Lumbar herniated intervertebral disc (LHIVD) is a frequent disease among patients attending Korean medicine hospitals, and it is associated with considerable medical expenses for the patients. Although several recent randomized clinical trials (RCTs) have reported that thread-embedding acupuncture (TEA) has a more favorable therapeutic effect on LHIVD than other types of acupuncture or other treatments, the evidence remains limited because these trials used poor assessment methods and had a high risk of bias. This study aims to evaluate the evidence for the effectiveness and safety of TEA for LHIVD. In this article, we describe our methods and plan for a systematic review.

Methods:
We will conduct an electronic search of the following databases from their inception to May 2018: MEDLINE; EMBASE; COCHRANE; China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) (a Chinese database); CiNii and J-STAGE (Japanese databases); and KoreaMed, Korean Medical Database (KMbase), Korean Studies Information Service System (KISS), National Digital Science Library (NDSL), Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information (KISTI), Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System (OASIS). RCTs investigating any type of TEA will be included. The risk of bias in each study will be evaluated using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Risk ratios or mean differences with 95% confidence intervals will be used to show the effects of TEA if it will be possible to conduct a meta-analysis. Sensitivity analyses will also be conducted in this study.

Ethics and dissemination:
Ethical approval is not necessary as this paper does not involve patient data. The review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal or presented in a conference.

Trial registration number:
PROSPERO CRD42019133060.
Comparison of two-thumb encircling and two-finger technique during infant cardiopulmonary resuscitation with single rescuer in simulation studies
Authors: Lee Ji Eun , Lee Juncheol , Oh Jaehoon , Park Chan Hyuk , Kang Hyunggoo , Lim Tae Ho , Yoo Kyung Hun 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background:
The recommended chest compression technique for a single rescuer performing infant cardiopulmonary resuscitation is the two-finger technique. For 2 rescuers, a two-thumb-encircling hands technique is recommended. Several recent studies have reported that the two-thumb-encircling hands technique is more effective for high-quality chest compression than the two-finger technique for a single rescuer performing infant cardiopulmonary resuscitation. We undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis of infant manikin studies to compare two-thumb-encircling hands technique with two-finger technique for a single rescuer.

Methods:
We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library for eligible randomized controlled trials published prior to December 2017, including cross-over design studies. The primary outcome was the mean difference in chest compression depth (mm). The secondary outcome was the mean difference in chest compression rate (counts/min). A meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager (version 5.3. Copenhagen: The Nordic Cochrane Centre, The Cochrane Collaboration, 2014).

Results:
Six studies that had reported data concerning both chest compression depth and chest compression rate were included. The two-thumb-encircling hands technique was associated with deeper chest compressions compared with two-finger technique for mean chest compression depth (mean difference, 5.50 mm; 95% confidence interval, 0.32–10.69 mm; P = .04), but no significant difference in the mean chest compression rate (mean difference, 7.89 counts/min; 95% confidence interval, to 0.99, 16.77 counts/min; P = .08) was noted.

Conclusion:
This study indicates that the two-thumb-encircling hands technique is a more appropriate technique for a single rescuer to perform high-quality chest compression in consideration of chest compression depth than the two-finger technique in infant manikin studies.
Ewing-like sarcoma/undifferentiated round cell sarcoma in an infant with APC and MSH6 variation
Authors: Xiong Jieni , Zhu Kun , Mao Junqing , Cai Jiabin , He Min , Li Linjie , Wang Jinhu , Wang Larry 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Ewing-like sarcoma (ELS)/undifferentiated round cell sarcoma (URCS) is a rare type of soft tissue sarcomas (STS), especially in infants, with poor prognosis. It is a so-called “small round cell” sarcoma, and has many features of Ewing sarcoma, but lacks rearrangements in EWSR1. The diagnosis and treatment of this kind of STS remains challenging. BCOR genetic abnormalities have been found in some Ewing-like sarcomas.

Patient concerns:
This report presents an ELS case of a female infant, who was 2 months old when initially diagnosed, with the clinical stage of IIIA (G2T2N0M0). Histologic findings revealed an undifferentiated neoplasm composed of small round tumor cells with round, open chromatic nuclei, and scant cytoplasm in a sheet growth pattern. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis showed absence of EWSR1 and ETV6 gene rearrangement. Molecular genetic testing found no established variants of clinical significance but variants of unknown significance in APC, KMT2D, and MSH6 were detected. Immunostaining revealed that the tumor cells were positive for TLE1 and BCOR, and negative for cytokeratin (AE1/AE3), Desmin, CD45, S100, CD31, HMB45, and SATB2. INI-1 was retained.

Diagnosis:
Ewing-like sarcoma (ELS)/undifferentiated round cell sarcoma (URCS)

Interventions:
After initial diagnosis, the patient received 4 cycles of combination chemotherapy for 2 months. Radical amputation of left upper extremity was performed 3 months after diagnosis. Postoperative chemotherapy was continued for 6 cycles.

Outcomes:
The patient died of intracranial metastasis with hemorrhage in 13 months after initial diagnosis, 5 months after the last cycle of chemotherapy.

Lessons:
ELS in infancy is extremely rare and has a poorer prognosis than Ewing sarcoma or infantile fibrosarcoma. APC and MSH6 variation might be related with the disease progression and predict a poorer prognosis. This rare case promotes better understanding of the disease and suggests a promising role for the combination chemotherapy regimen in treating infantile ELS. Importantly, it brings to light the possibility of intracranial metastasis, which requires proactive screening for timely detection.
Treatment of a stage III rima glottidis patient with the oncolytic virus Rigvir
Authors: Proboka Guna , Rasa Agnija , Olmane Evija , Isajevs Sergejs , Tilgase Andra , Alberts Pēteris 
Published: November 2019

AbstractRationale:Of all the parts of the larynx, the glottis has the highest frequency of cancer. With disease progression, the vocal cord movement is affected and for advanced stages its anatomical and functional preservation is rarely achievable, if at all.Patient concerns:Here we describe a 72-year-old patient who presented with hoarseness for a year and was only able to whisper.Diagnosis:A computed tomography (CT) scan of the vocal cords (without contrast) showed higher density tissue. Histological examination disclosed a well-differentiated verrucous squamous cell carcinoma of the glottis.Interventions:The patient was treated with the oncolytic ECHO-7 virus Rigvir without any of the standard treatments.Outcomes:As shown by CT scans, the patient has been stabilized, and the laryngeal functions are preserved with the virotherapy still ongoing. The patient was diagnosed over 4.2 years ago.Lessons:Considering the present patient being treated with Rigvir without any standard treatment, the results suggest that Rigvir therapy could be a possible treatment for glottic cancer.
Efficacy and safety of HT048 and HT077 for body fat and weight loss in overweight adults
Authors: Song Jungbin , Shin Seon-mi , Kim Hocheol 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background:
The prevalence of excessive body weight has rapidly increased worldwide over the past decades; however, medications are intended for moderately and severely obese patients and are associated with side effects. As an alternative approach, the use of traditional herbal medicines has gained increasing popularity among overweight individuals in recent years in East Asia. HT048 is an herbal extract of Citrus unshiu and Crataegus pinnatifida, and HT077 is an herbal extract of Nelumbo nucifera and Prunus persica. These 4 herbs have been used widely for body weight reduction in China and Korea. The aims of this trial are to investigate whether HT048 and HT077 are effective at reducing body fat and weight in overweight adults, and to determine the safety of HT048 and HT077.

Methods/design:
A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, 3-arm parallel group trial will be conducted in adults with a body mass index (BMI) of 25 to <30 kg/m2. A total of 120 eligible participants will be randomized in a 1:1:1 ratio to receive either HT048 (1000 mg), HT077 (400 mg), or matching placebo twice daily for 12 weeks, and will be monitored for an additional 4-week follow-up period after the treatment. All participants will be assessed for efficacy and safety of the investigational product at baseline and weeks 4, 8, 12, and 16. The primary endpoint is the change in body fat mass and percent body fat measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at week 12 from the baseline. The secondary efficacy variables are abdominal fat area measured by computed tomography, body fat mass and percent body fat measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis, body weight, BMI, and serum lipids and adipocytokines concentrations. Safety will be evaluated on the basis of reported adverse events, abnormal laboratory results, vital signs, and physical examination findings.

Discussion:
This is a first-in-human trial of HT048 and HT077 to assess the efficacy and safety in overweight subjects. The results will provide high-quality evidence of the therapeutic benefits of HT048 and HT077 for weight management and the prevention of obesity.

Trial registration:
Korean Clinical Research Information Service (KCT0004271) Registered September 2, 2019.
Bilateral asymmetry improved accuracy when assessing glaucomatous vision-related quality of life impairment
Authors: Yang Li , Tang Xin 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Bilateral asymmetry has been used in optical coherence tomography tests to find early damage to the optic nerve. However, limited studies have quantitatively evaluated bilateral asymmetry in electrophysiological disorders in patients with glaucoma. The aim of the study was to evaluate bilateral asymmetry in pattern visual evoked potentials (PVEPs) and conventional clinical markers as well as its potential use in detecting glaucomatous impairment. After investigating 60 glaucomatous patients (120 eyes) and 65 age and sex-matched normal control subjects (130 eyes) using uni- and multivariable analysis, we found that vision-related quality of life (VRQOL) impairment was significantly associated with larger bilateral asymmetry index (BAI) of clinical markers. Rasch-calibrated National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire-25 scores were significantly associated with the BAI in PVEPs latency in 15 minutes check size (β = −0.478, 95% confidence interval [CI], −0.708 to −0.248, P < .001) and the BAI in visual field mean deviation (β = −0.249, 95% CI, −0.454 to −0.044, P = .018) according to multivariable analysis. Bilateral asymmetry in objective and subjective functional measurements was quantitatively associated with glaucomatous VRQOL impairment. This finding may help bridge the gap in understanding between patients and clinicians, and increase awareness of how glaucomatous neuropathic progression may interfere with patients’ daily life.
A comparison between acupotomy vs the local steroid injection for the management of soft tissue disorder
Authors: Shen Yifeng , Cai Tao , Li Ting , Zhong Juan , Guo Jing , Shen Huarui 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background:
This systematic review protocol aims to provide the methods used to evaluate the effectiveness of acupotomy therapy for treating soft tissue disorder comparing to local steroid injection.

Methods:
Fifteen databases will be searched from inception to Dec 2019. We will include randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing acupotomy for soft tissue disorder. All RCTs on acupotomy or related interventions will be included. Study inclusion, data extraction and quality assessment will be performed independently by two reviewers. Assessment of risk of bias and data synthesis will be performed using RevMan 5.3 software. Cochrane criteria for risk-of-bias will be used to assess the methodological quality of the trials.

Results:
This study will provide a high-quality synthesis of pain visual analog scale and functional disability or the quality of life, the success treatment rate, the recurrent rate, and the complications rate to assess the effectiveness and safety of acupotomy for soft tissue disorder patients compare to local steroid injection.

Conclusion:
This systematic review will provide evidence to judge whether acupotomy is an effective intervention for patients with soft tissue disorder.

PROSPERO registration number:
CRD42018109080.
Stratification based on adverse laboratory/pathological features for predicting overall survival in patients undergoing radical prostatectomy
Authors: Park Jee Soo , Koo Kyo Chul , Choi In Young , Lee Ji Youl , Hong Jun Hyuk , Kim Choung-Soo , Lee Hyun Moo , Hong Sung Kyu , Byun Seok-Soo , Rha Koon Ho , Chung Byung Ha , Lee Kwang Suk 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWhen making clinical decisions concerning additional treatment for patients who have undergone radical prostatectomy (RP), adverse laboratory/pathological features are considered major factors. We investigated and compared the prognostic efficacy of adverse laboratory/pathological features in predicting overall survival (OS) and biochemical failure (BCF) in these patients.The Korean Prostate Cancer Database was used to identify patients undergoing RP between May 2001 and April 2013. Patients with incomplete clinicopathological data or positive lymphadenectomy results were excluded. Finally, 4486 patients included in the final analysis were categorized based on their adverse laboratory/pathological features.Adverse pathological features and detectable prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels 6 weeks after surgery were observed in 1977 (44.1%) and 634 (14.1%) patients, respectively. PSA levels, pathological Gleason score ≥8, adverse pathological features [positive surgical margin (PSM), seminal vesicle invasion (SVI), and extracapsular extension (ECE)], and adverse laboratory features (detectable PSA levels after 6 weeks) together were significant predictors of BCF-free survival (BCFFS). SVI was identified as a predictor of OS. Additionally, patients with ECE, PSM, and detectable PSA levels after 6 weeks, but without SVI, showed similar OS to those without ECE, PSM, and detectable PSA levels after 6 weeks and with SVI (log-rank test,P = .976).We successfully stratified patients based on adverse laboratory/pathological features after RP and demonstrated that these are important prognostic factors for OS and BCFFS. Additionally, we identified the criteria for selecting appropriate patients for undergoing additional treatment based on OS and BCFFS.
Neuromuscular training for children with developmental coordination disorder
Authors: Cheng Yoyo T.Y. , Wong Thomas K.S. , Tsang William W.N. , Schooling Catherine Mary , Fong Shirley S.M. , Fong Daniel Y.T. , Gao Yang , Chung Joanne W.Y. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background:
Adaptive balance control is often compromised in children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD). Neuromuscular training (NMT) is commonly used in clinical settings to improve neuromuscular control and hence balance performance in these children. However, its effectiveness has not been proven scientifically. This randomized controlled study aimed to explore the effectiveness of NMT for improving adaptive balance performance and the associated leg muscle activation times in children with DCD.

Methods:
Eighty-eight children with DCD were randomly assigned to the NMT or control group (44 per group). The NMT group received two 40-minute NMT sessions/week for 3 months, whereas the control group received no intervention. The outcomes were measured at baseline and 3 and 6 months. The primary outcome was the sway energy score (SES) in both the toes-up and toes-down conditions as derived using the Adaptation Test (ADT). Secondary outcomes included the medial gastrocnemius, medial hamstring, tibialis anterior and rectus femoris muscle activation onset latencies during ADT, measured using surface electromyography and accelerometry. Data were analyzed using a repeated measures analysis of covariance based on the intention-to-treat principle.

Results:
At 3 months, no significant within-group or between-group differences were noted in the SESs for either group. At 6 months, the toes-down SES decreased by 6.8% compared to the baseline value in exclusively the NMT group (P = .004). No significant time, group or group-by-time interaction effects were observed in any leg muscle activation outcomes.

Conclusions:
Short-term NMT failed to improve adaptive balance performance and leg muscle activation times in children with DCD. Further studies should explore the clinical applications of longer-term task-specific interventions intended to improve the adaptive balance performance of these children.