bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Zodiacal Exoplanets in Time (ZEIT). IX. A Flat Transmission Spectrum and a Highly Eccentric Orbit for the Young Neptune K2-25b as Revealed by Spitzer
Authors: Thao Pa Chia , Mann Andrew W. , Johnson Marshall C. , Newton Elisabeth R. , Guo Xueying , Kain Isabel J. , Rizzuto Aaron C. , Charbonneau David , Dalba Paul A. , Gaidos Eric , Irwin Jonathan M. , Kraus Adam L. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Transiting planets in nearby young clusters offer the opportunity to study the atmospheres and dynamics of planets during their formative years. To this end, we focused on K2-25b—a close-in (P = 3.48 days), Neptune-sized exoplanet orbiting a M4.5 dwarf in the 650 Myr Hyades cluster. We combined photometric observations of K2-25 covering a total of 44 transits and spanning >2 yr, drawn from a mix of space-based telescopes (Spitzer Space Telescope and K2) and ground-based facilities (Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope network and MEarth). The transit photometry spanned 0.6–4.5 μm, which enabled our study of K2-25b’s transmission spectrum. We combined and fit each data set at a common wavelength within a Markov Chain Monte Carlo framework, yielding consistent planet parameters. The resulting transit depths ruled out a solar-composition atmosphere for K2-25b for the range of expected planetary masses and equilibrium temperature at a >4σ confidence level, and are consistent with a flat transmission spectrum. Mass constraints and transit observations at a finer grid of wavelengths (e.g., from the Hubble Space Telescope) are needed to make more definitive statements about the presence of clouds or an atmosphere of high mean molecular weight. Our precise measurements of K2-25b’s transit duration also enabled new constraints on the eccentricity of K2-25's orbit. We find K2-25b’s orbit to be eccentric (e > 0.20) for all reasonable stellar densities and independent of the observation wavelength or instrument. The high eccentricity is suggestive of a complex dynamical history and motivates future searches for additional planets or stellar companions.
Differences in Articular Track Area of Posterior-Stabilized and Cruciate-Retaining Retrieved Total Knee Implants
Authors: Bradley Michael P , Mayor Michael B , Collier John P 
Published: January 2020

abstract
Press-fit condylar total knee arthroplasties removed at revision surgery from 27 knees were examined. Fourteen of the implants were posterior-stabilized press-fit condylar systems and 13 were cruciate-retaining press-fit condylar systems. The articular track areas were examined using a digital camera and manual measurements. Findings revealed the track area in posterior-stabilized implants (93%) was larger than in cruciate-retaining implants (59%). Mean posterior distance ratio of the articular track from the posterior limit of the polyethylene was 2% (.08 cm) for posterior-stabilized implants versus 23% (.97 cm) far cruciate-retaining implante. No differences in wear rating were noted. The pattern of articular contact in cruciate-retaining knees demonstrated little migration of the femoral contact surface across the tibial polyethylene plateau.
The Effects of Lower-Extremity Total Joint Replacement for Arthritis on Obesity
Authors: Heisel Christian , Silva Mauricio , Dela Rosa Mylene A , Schmalzried Thomas P 
Published: January 2020

abstract
Total hip or knee replacement patients who are overweight or obese often consider their disabling joint disease a cause for their increased weight. This prospective study investigated weight change in 100 patients after successful total joint replacement to determine whether surgical treatment of hip or knee arthritis leads to weight reduction. Postoperatively, both hip and knee replacement patients gained weight, with no difference in weight gain between hip and knee replacement patients. Younger hip patients gained a significant amount of weight. Patients a with normal body mass index and obese patients did not lose weight, while overweight patients gained a significant amount of weight after surgery. These findings demonstrate successful treatment of lower-extremity arthritis does not lead to weight loss, and obesity should be treated as an independent disease that is not the result of inactivity from arthritis.
Future Treatment of Osteoarthritis
Authors: Baker Champ L , Ferguson Cristin M 
Published: January 2020

abstractOsteoarthritis represents an advanced stage of disease progression caused in part by injury, loss of cartilage structure and function, and an imbalance in inflammatory and noninflammatory pathways. The burden of this disease will increase in direct proportion to the increase in the older adult population. Research on current and experimental treatment protocols are reviewed, including the effect of hyaluronic acid in both in vitro and in vivo studies, autologous chondrocyte and osteochondral plug implantation, and gene therapy. Disease-modifying osteoarthritis drugs and in vivo studies of glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate are reviewed.
Clinical and Cytogenetic Findings in 14 Patients With Madelung Anomaly
Authors: Blanco M E , Pérez-Cabrera A , Kofman-Alfaro S , Zenteno J C 
Published: January 2020

abstract
Madelung deformity of the wrist is a congenital defect caused by a growth disturbance in the volar-ulnar distal radial physis leading to a typical appearance of the upper extremities. The majority of Madelung deformity cases are caused by hereditary dyschondrosteosis of the wrist. In a number of instances, the disease has a genetic etiology. This article reports the clinical and cytogenetic findings associated with Madelung deformity in 14 patients. Results indicate Madelung anomaly often is associated with additional clinical abnormalities, particularly delayed puberty and menstrual disorders, as well as sexual chromosome aberrations.
The Effect of Total Knee Arthroplasty on Body Weight
Authors: Lee Gwo-Chin , Cushner Fred D , Cannella Laura Y , Scott W Norman 
Published: January 2020

abstract
This prospective study quantified the weight change in 20 consecutive patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty. Resected bone, soft tissues, and bone reamings were collected during surgery and weighed using a digital scale at the end of the procedure. Results were compared to the cumulative weights of the prosthesis, bone cement, patellar component, and polyethylene liner. Average weight of the resected bone and soft tissues was 167.71 g for men and 130.13 g for women. Mean weight of the implanted prosthesis and cement used was 509.92 g for men and 422.56 g for women. Men tended to receive a larger-sized prosthesis than women. Overall, the average weight gain as a result of knee arthroplasty was 345.54 g for men and 292.44 g for women. This translates to an insignificant increase in body weight.
Lower Limb Joint Kinetics During a Side-Cutting Task in Participants With or Without Chronic Ankle Instability
Authors: Simpson Jeffrey D. , Stewart Ethan M. , Turner Alana J. , Macias David M. , Chander Harish , Knight Adam C. 
Published: January 2020

Context
Individuals with chronic ankle instability (CAI) demonstrate altered lower limb movement dynamics during jump landings, which can contribute to recurrent injury. However, the literature examining lower limb movement dynamics during a side-cutting task in individuals with CAI is limited.

Objective
To assess lower limb joint kinetics and sagittal-plane joint stiffness during the stance phase of a side-cutting task in individuals with or without CAI.

Design
Cohort study.

Setting
Motion-capture laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants
Fifteen physically active, young adults with CAI (7 men, 8 women; age = 21.3 ± 1.6 years, height = 171.0 ± 11.2 cm, mass = 73.4 ± 15.2 kg) and 15 healthy matched controls (7 men, 8 women; age = 21.5 ± 1.5 years, height = 169.9 ± 10.6 cm, mass = 75.5 ± 13.0 kg).

Intervention(s)
Lower limb 3-dimensional kinematic and ground reaction force data were recorded while participants completed 3 successful trials of a side-cutting task. Net internal joint moments, in addition to sagittal-plane ankle-, knee-, and hip-joint stiffness, were computed from 3-dimensional kinematic and ground reaction force data during the stance phase of the side-cutting task and analyzed.

Main Outcome Measure(s)
Data from each participant's stance phase were normalized to 100% from initial foot contact (0%) to toe-off (100%) to compute means, standard deviations, and Cohen d effect sizes for all dependent variables.

Results
The CAI group exhibited a reduced ankle-eversion moment (39%–81% of stance phase) and knee-abduction moment (52%–75% of stance phase) and a greater ankle plantar-flexion moment (3%–16% of stance phase) than the control group (P range = .009–.049). Sagittal-plane hip-joint stiffness was greater in the CAI than in the control group (t28 = 1.978, P = .03).

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that altered ankle-joint kinetics and increased hip-joint stiffness were associated when individuals with CAI performed a side-cutting task. These lower limb kinetic changes may contribute to an increased risk of recurrent lateral ankle sprains in people with CAI. Clinicians and practitioners can use these findings to develop rehabilitation programs for improving maladaptive movement mechanics in individuals with CAI.
The art of minimal tooth reduction for veneer restorations
Authors: Jurado Carlos Alberto , Villalobos-Tinoco Jose , Tsujimoto Akimasa , Castro Pedro , Torrealba Ysidora 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMinimal tooth reduction is crucial for the long-term success of adhesive restorations. It has been proven that bonding to enamel is more predictable in obtaining better long-term success than dentin due to its higher percentage of mineral content. The diagnostic wax-up and subsequent mock-up are the first diagnostic tools available to evaluate discrepancies between current and ideal tooth proportions. The intraoral mock-up provides the patient a tactile and visual evaluation of the size, shape, and shade of the proposed final restorations, and at the same time, the clinician can evaluate the smile line, lip support, phonetics, and occlusion. During the tooth preparation, the mock-up provides a reduction guide to the clinician to achieve the minimal required reduction for the final restoration avoiding the over-reduction and dentin exposure. This clinical report shows feldspathic veneer restorations provided with conservative tooth preparation. The long-term success of the restoration requires following well-defined protocols for restorative material selection, conservative tooth preparation, total isolation with rubber dam, and bonding ceramic protocols.
The effect of chlorhexidine application on the microtensile bond strength and durability of a total-etch adhesive
Authors: Hajizadeh Hila , Bojarpour Maryam , Borouziniat Alireza , Namdar Fatemeh 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of chlorhexidine (CHX) on resin–dentin microtensile bond strength (μTBS) after 6-month aging and to compare with sodium hypochlorite. Materials and Methods: A total of 40 extracted human third molar teeth were mounted in the acrylic resin. Flat occlusal surfaces of dentin were exposed, and after acid etching, the samples were divided randomly into four groups as follows: (a) Control group: Single Bond adhesive resin was applied. (b) The dentin surfaces were exposed to 2% CHX, and then, Single Bond was applied. (c) Dentin surfaces were treated by 5.25% sodium hypochlorite; after rinsing and drying, Single Bond was applied. (d) At first, 5.25% sodium hypochlorite was applied for 30 s, and then, 2% CHX and Single Bond adhesive were applied. Finally, Filtek P60 composite was bonded on the dentin surface. The samples of each group were divided into two subgroups of 24 h and 6 months. μTBS tests were performed using universal testing machine. Afterward, modes of failures were investigated. The statistical analyses were carried out using ANOVA, t-test, and Dunnett’s test. Results: The mean of μTBS for the 24-h and 6-month groups was 15.19 and 10.99 MPa, respectively. Bond strength of all groups except Group D decreased after 6 months, and this bond strength reduction in Group C was more than other groups. Most failure modes were in adhesive type. Conclusions: The use of CHX did not have better preservation of μTBS when compared to control group. Use of hypochlorite is not recommended.
Influence of irrigating solutions and post luting on bond strength of fiber posts after aging
Authors: de Oliveira Dayane Carvalho Ramos Salles , Prieto Lúcia Trazzi , Pierote Josué Junior Araujo , de Araújo Cíntia Tereza Pimenta , Coppini Erick Kamiya , Paulillo Luís Alexandre Maffei Sartini 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Aim: The study aimed to evaluate the influence of irrigating solutions on bond strength (BS) of fiber posts using different luting systems after aging. Methods: Bovine teeth (n = 96) were randomly (8 groups, n = 12), sectioned, endodontically treated and root canals were prepared. The 96 bovine teeth were divided into four groups according to luting systems as conventional light-cure (RelyX ARC), self-adhesive (RelyX U200 and Panavia F), dual - cure self - etch, and self - adhesive (SeT PP). Each of the four groups was further divided into two subgroups using 2% chlorhexidine (CHX) gel or 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) as the irrigating solution. After post cementation, the metal-ceramic crowns were positioned. After 48 h, all samples were submitted to 1,000,000 thermal cycles. After water storage, push-out test was performed. The data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test (P = 0.05). Results: CHX gel BS means were statistically higher than NaOCl means when posts were cemented with the conventional or dual-cure self-etch and self-adhesive resin cements; no significant statistical differences were observed between groups CHX gel or NaOCl treatments for the dual-cure self-adhesive resin cements. Conclusion: The irrigation solution used on endodontic treatment before luting procedures with conventional or dual-cure self-etch and self-adhesive resin cements of glass fiber posts improved long-term BS after aging.
Awareness in the development of intercultural competences and existing Relationships between attitudes, skills and knowledge
Authors: Aguiar Italo Cavalcante , Soares Romulo Alves , Paiva Luis Eduardo Brandão , Lessa Bruno de Souza , Rubert Tim , Silva Filho José Carlos Lázaro da 
Published: January 2020

This research aims to examine how the exchangeists' perceptions about their abilities, knowledge and attitudes influence their awareness. In view of this, the theoretical methodological basis of Fantini (2007) is used, guided by his model of Intercultural Competence Assessment (ACI). To this end, the German and Spanish students who took part in an exchange program at the Federal University of Ceará (UFC) between 2008 and 2015 were chosen to measure their developed intercultural competences. It was obtained a sample of 159 foreign students, who exchanged in the UFC. For the treatment of the data, in addition to the descriptive and inferential statistics, the multivariate analysis of the data is used. Thus, the results show that Knowledge positively influences the students' awareness at the beginning and end of the exchange, while the Skills will negatively influence the awareness at the end of the exchange. The Attitudes component that at the beginning of the exchange influenced negatively the students' awareness at the end of the exchange began to influence positively.
Modelling the relationship between liquid water content and cloud droplet number concentration observed in low clouds in the summer Arctic and its radiative effects
Authors: Dionne Joelle , von Salzen Knut , Cole Jason , Mahmood Rashed , Leaitch W. Richard , Lesins Glen , Folkins Ian , Chang Rachel Y.-W. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Low clouds persist in the summer Arctic with important
consequences for the radiation budget. In this study, we simulate the linear
relationship between liquid water content (LWC) and cloud droplet number
concentration (CDNC) observed during an aircraft campaign based out of
Resolute Bay, Canada, conducted as part of the Network on Climate and
Aerosols: Addressing Key Uncertainties in Remote Canadian Environments study
in July 2014. Using a single-column model, we find that autoconversion can
explain the observed linear relationship between LWC and CDNC. Of the three
autoconversion schemes we examined, the scheme using continuous drizzle
(Khairoutdinov and Kogan, 2000) appears to best reproduce the observed
linearity in the tenuous cloud regime (Mauritsen et al., 2011), while a
scheme with a threshold for rain (Liu and Daum, 2004) best reproduces the
linearity at higher CDNC. An offline version of the radiative transfer model
used in the Canadian Atmospheric Model version 4.3 is used to compare the
radiative effects of the modelled and observed clouds. We find that there is
no significant difference in the upward longwave cloud radiative effect at
the top of the atmosphere from the three autoconversion schemes (p=0.05)
but that all three schemes differ at p=0.05 from the calculations based on
observations. In contrast, the downward longwave and shortwave cloud
radiative effect at the surface for the Wood (2005b) and Khairoutdinov and Kogan (2000) schemes do not differ
significantly (p=0.05) from the observation-based radiative calculations,
while the Liu and Daum (2004) scheme differs significantly from the observation-based
calculation for the downward shortwave but not the downward longwave fluxes.
Reflective practice and health sciences librarians: engagement, benefits, and barriers
Authors: Miller Jolene M. 
Published: January 2020

Objective: Reflective practice is common in nursing and other professions. In the published literature, there is very little about librarians’ use of reflective practice and no studies of health librarians’ use of reflective practice. This study examined the use of reflective practice among health sciences librarians, perceived benefits, and perceived barriers to use.Methods: This cross-sectional study replicated the 2014 study by Greenall and Sen, using a version of their questionnaire. The research population in this study was health sciences librarians who were members of the MEDLIB-L email discussion list, Medical Library Association (MLA) chapter email discussion lists, and/or MLA section email discussion lists.Results: There were 106 librarians who completed the questionnaire, ranging from those new to the profession through midcareer to longtime librarians. While a high percentage of respondents considered themselves to be reflective practitioners (77%), a larger percentage (87%) reported that they consciously spent time reflecting. Respondents selected a wide variety of benefits of reflective practice, while barriers tended to center on lack of time, knowledge, skills, or experience.Conclusion: The diversity of benefits that respondents selected suggests that reflective practice can play an important positive role in librarians’ professional development. Reported barriers to reflective practice suggest that there is a need for educational opportunities to develop skills. This article has been approved for the Medical Library Association’s Independent Reading Program.
ENTANGLEMENT-LOOSENING DYNAMICS RESOLVED THROUGH COMPARISON OF DIELECTRIC AND VISCOELASTIC DATA OF TYPE-A POLYMERS: A REVIEW
Authors: Matsumiya Yumi , Watanabe Hiroshi 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTFor so-called type-A polymer chains having electrical dipoles aligned parallel along their backbone, the large-scale chain motion over the end-to-end distance results in not only viscoelastic but also dielectric relaxation. These two relaxation processes detect the same motion but with different averaging moments, which enables us to experimentally resolve some details of the chain dynamics through comparison of viscoelastic and dielectric data of type-A polymers. For a typical type-A polymer, high-cis polyisoprene (PI), results of such an experimental approach are summarized to discuss characteristic features of an entanglement-loosening process (constraint release and/or dynamic tube dilation process) resolved from the data comparison.
PROCESSING–PROPERTY RELATIONSHIPS IN WHEAT PROTEIN–UNVULCANIZED ISOPRENE RUBBER COMPOSITES
Authors: DeButts Barbara L. , Barone Justin R. 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT
An optimized set of processing parameters was determined for trypsin hydrolyzed gliadin protein (THGd, from wheat) and unvulcanized synthetic isoprene rubber (IR) composite compounds. The compounding temperature, time, and shear dependency of the THGd:IR compounds were investigated with rheology, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX). Individual protein aggregates measuring ∼64 × 280 nm, with a length-to-width aspect ratio of ∼4.3, were agglomerated within the IR matrix, as measured in SEM-EDX micrographs. A higher compounding temperature (T = 150 °C) was favorable for good protein aggregate dispersion and deagglomeration, which resulted in IR reinforcement, as demonstrated by up to a 65% increase in storage modulus (G′). The tan δ was lowered by the addition of the THGd protein to IR, indicating less mechanical energy was lost as heat in the composites. As the compounding speed, that is, shear rate, was increased from 30 to 60 rpm at constant temperature (T = 150 °C), the average agglomerate size and G′ were minimally affected, but the loss tangent (tan δ) was increased, indicating an increase in IR degradation with shear rate. By drying the THGd hydrolysate at a slower rate or to a greater solids content, the composite G′ was increased and tan δ was decreased. In the slow-dried THGd hydrolysate, protein aggregates were less resistant to breakup during processing, indicating that the protein preparation was an important processing parameter.
PROTOCOLO DE INVESTIGACION: CONSTRUCCIÓN DE GÉNERO EN ESCOLARES CHILENOS, FUNDAMENTANDO EL CUIDADO
Authors: Montecinos Guíñez Daniela , Sandoval Erices Barbara , Soto Malabrigo Patricia , Andrade Uribe Flora , Silva Galleguillos Amalia , Opazo Morales Esmérita , Ramirez-Pereira Mirliana 
Published: January 2020

Introducción: El proceso de construcción de la identidad de género es un fenómeno socialmente producido y sujeto a influencias que ejercen los distintos espacios de inserción. Es prioritario trabajar esta temática desde la infancia, para establecer relaciones flexibles y equitativas, donde lo femenino y masculino no sea excluyente, ni fuentes de conflicto.
Objetivos: La presente investigación tiene por objetivo comprender las representaciones sociales de estereotipos y roles de género en niñas/os en edad escolar, y proponer estrategias para gestar procesos docentes que incluyan el abordaje de la temática.
Métodos: Mediante la metodología cualitativa, bajo el paradigma post positivista, con enfoque teórico metodológico de etnografía focal. El estudio se realizará por medio del análisis de contenido visual y narrativa. La selección de los participantes será mediante un muestreo por conveniencia y corresponderá a escolares de quinto año de enseñanza básica en una escuela municipal de una comuna de Recoleta de la ciudad de Santiago de Chile. Los participantes deberán tener más de diez años, asentir su participación y contar con el consentimiento firmado por sus padres o tutores legales.