bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trials and Tribulations of Diagnosing and Managing Psychosis Secondary to Non-Convulsive Epilepsy
Authors: Awara Mahmoud A. , Smalley Joshua G. , Havenga Matt , Elnenaei Manal O. 
Published: February 2020

Background:
It is well known that psychotic symptoms can occur as a result of seizure activity in the brain. This can easily be diagnosed in those with recognizable seizures by taking a careful history. However, in the absence of a typical seizure presentation, it is far more challenging to differentiate between an organic and primary psychosis.

Case Presentation:
We present the case of a 51-year-old female who had a 28-year history of treatment-resistant schizophrenia. She did not report or display any seizure activity, and an extensive investigation was unremarkable. The unusual nature of her psychopathology, which was predominantly visual hallucinations and somatic delusions, and the difficult to treat nature of her symptoms, prompted investigation with Electroencephalograph which demonstrated bilateral temporal lobe epileptic activity.

Conclusion:
Treatment with divalproex sodium and discontinuation of antipsychotic medication achieved an excellent response, where her visual hallucinations and somatic delusions were both remarkably ameliorated.
Hypolipidemic effect of N-acetylcysteine against dexamethasone-induced hyperlipidemia in rats
Authors: Mada S. B. , Abarshi M. M. , Garba A. , Sharehu K. L. , Elaigwu O. P. , Umar M. J. , Musa B. , Mohammed H. A. , Garba I. 
Published: February 2020

Objective:
The liver is a key metabolic organ involved in lipid metabolism and maintenance of cholesterol homeostasis in the body. However, hypercholesterolemia and oxidative stress is associated with the fatty liver which is the major risk factor associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The objective of this study was to investigate the hypolipidemic property of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in dexamethasone-induced hyperlipidemic rats.

Materials and Methods:
Dexamethasone (10 mg/kg) was administered on alternate days intraperitoneally for 28 days to induce hyperlipidemia. NAC (50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg) was daily administered intraperitoneally for 28 days. After 24 h of the last treatment blood and liver samples were collected.

Results:
The relative body and liver weights, activities of serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, lipid profile, and antioxidant defense markers were measured. The result indicated that the treatment of hyperlipidemic rats with 50 and 100 mg/kg NAC significantly (P < 0.05) prevented dexamethasone-induced body weight loss and restored liver weight. In addition, NAC reduced the elevation of hepatic enzymes activities induced by dexamethasone. Moreover, NAC exhibits hypolipidemic effect as demonstrated by reversal of serum levels of total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and atherogenic index.

Conclusion:
These findings indicated that NAC was able to restore dyslipidemia induced by dexamethasone through improving liver function parameters and augments antioxidant defense systems. Altogether the anti- hyperlipidemic effects exhibited by NAC might have been mediated partly through antioxidant actions and could be beneficial against CVDs.
Microbial and some heavy metals analysis of smoked fishes sold in urban and rural markets in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
Authors: Ibanga Itoro J. , Moses Eno A. , Edet E. J. , Moses Anietie E. 
Published: February 2020

Objective:
The unhygienic nature of our local markets, including fish handlers, may contribute to the presence of microorganisms in smoked fish leading to food poisoning. Furthermore, heavy metals can find their way into the food chain through fish raising public health concerns. This study assessed the microbial load and some heavy metals in smoked fishes (bongafish and catfish) sold in urban and rural markets in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria.

Materials and Methods:
Standard microbiological techniques and analytical procedures were used for microbial and heavy metals analyses, respectively.

Results:
The results revealed that all the smoked fish obtained from the two markets were contaminated with heavy metals and microorganisms. Zinc was the most frequently detected heavy metal in both fish types (catfish: 15.50 ± 9.99 mg/kg; and bongafish: 16.40 ± 12.28 mg/kg) obtained from urban market, while in the rural market, it was cadmium (catfish: 15.95 ± 10.15 mg/kg; and bongafish: 18.25 ± 7.15 mg/kg). The overall elemental concentrations of the heavy metals in the fishes were in decreasing order of Cadmium>Zinc>Nickel>Cobalt>Lead. The most predominant bacterial species in fishes from the urban market was Bacillus subtilis (7.5 × 104 ± 0.871 colony- forming unit/g) while Candida tropicalis (9.2 × 104 ± 0.105) was the most predominant fungal species. More bacteria and fungi were encountered in fishes from the rural market than from the urban market. The differences in the microbial loads from the two markets were not statistically significant (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:
There is a potential health risk of eating smoked fishes that are poorly stored or handled in the market as a result of heavy metal contamination and the presence of the pathogenic organism. Therefore, maintenance and enforcement of adequate sanitation practices in these markets should be encouraged to avert unpleasant health consequences.
Mental health and wellbeing of Pacific students : Protocol of a prospective cohort study
Authors: Sopoaga Faafetai , Nada-Raja Shyamala , Leckie Tracie , Samaranayaka Ari 
Published: February 2020

Introduction
Mental disorders are a significant health concern and an increasing burden for Pacific youth in New Zealand. Approximately 30,000 (30%) of Pacific youth aged 18-24 years are enrolled in tertiary studies with sparse information about their mental health and wellbeing. There is increasing recognition of the impact of stresses and emotional problems faced by students in tertiary institutions internationally. This study seeks to describe Pacific tertiary students’ mental health and wellbeing, their expectations and experiences. It seeks also to determine risk and protective factors, access and barriers to using health services and their impact on students’ academic progress.
Methods
All Pacific students enrolling for the first time and in their first year of study at the University of Otago in 2019 will be invited to participate and followed over 3 years. A mixed-method research approach will be used with a survey obtaining information from all eligible students. Of these, 30 students will be randomly selected to participate in four interviews over the study period. Research objectives will be addressed by using quantitative statistical methods to analyse cross-sectional and longitudinal self-reported data linked to administrative data. The Talanoa methodology and a thematic approach will inform qualitative data collection and analysis.
Findings/Outcomes measure
The primary mental health measures are the Kessler 10 (distress), PHQ-9 (depression) and the GAD-7 (anxiety). The primary wellbeing measure utilises a validated Pacific Identity and Wellbeing (PIWBS-R) scale and the WHO-5 (subjective wellbeing). Secondary measures include alcohol use, students’ experience and academic progress. Interviews will provide in-depth perspectives of the students’ journeys, and the relationship to their mental health and wellbeing including the impact on students’ academic progress.
Conclusions
This research seeks to better understand the factors that influence the mental health, wellbeing and academic success of Pacific students in tertiary institutions. The findings will be used to inform advocacy approaches and guide targeted support efforts.
CТРАТЕГИРОВАНИЕ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОГО РАЗВИТИЯ РОССИИ В КОНТЕКСТЕ ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ НАЦИОНАЛЬНОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ
Authors: Городецкий Андрей Евгеньевич , Зиядуллаев Наби Садкаримович 
Published: February 2020

Предмет. В статье рассматриваются приоритеты экономического роста через призму исторических моделей экономического успеха, характерные черты опыта трансформации национальных стратегий развития. Анализируется ход исполнения майских (2012 и 2018 гг.) Указов Президента РФ и механизмы их успешной реализации. Впервые обосновываются «красные линии экономической безопасности» – критические зоны в экономике и управлении, пересечение границ которых чревато реальными угрозами и рисками с точки зрения фундаментальных вызовов национальной безопасности и стратегическому развитию. Цель работы. Целью настоящей статьи является исследование особенностей трансформации национальных стратегий развития; выявление проблем реализации стратегических целей и приоритетов развития в контексте обеспечения национальной безопасности. Методология исследования. В процессе исследования использованы методы эволюционно-институционального анализа, статистической и аналитической оценки. Результаты работы. На основе анализа результатов экономического развития национальных хозяйств ряда стран Европы, Ближнего и Среднего Востока, Юго-Восточной Азии и постсоциалистических государств Евразии обобщены трансформационные механизмы экономического развития ряда стран, сделаны выводы и определены уроки для России. Обоснована взаимосвязь стратегических задач и стратегических проектов с обеспечением национальной экономической безопасности. В рамках первоочередных проблем обеспечения национальной и экономической безопасности актуализируются вопросы о гарантиях и механизмах исполнения новых национальных стратегических задач и национальных стратегических проектов, в частности, майского 2018 г. Указа Президента РФ. Выводы. Предложены концептуальные подходы к формированию эффективных механизмов реализации стратегических направлений экономического развития в контексте обеспечения национальной безопасности. Сформулированы выводы о необходимости непосредственного увязывания механизмов реализации национальных стратегических приоритетов социально-экономического развития с обеспечением их экономической безопасности, систематизации соответствующих вызовов, угроз и рисков, определения подходов к их упреждению, отражению и нейтрализации. Область применения результатов. Результаты исследования могут быть использованы в правотворческой деятельности по совершенствованию механизмов стратегического развития национальной экономики.
ОПОРНЫЕ УНИВЕРСИТЕТЫ: РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫЕ ДРАЙВЕРЫ РАЗВИТИЯ
Authors: Петросянц Даниэл Викторович 
Published: February 2020

Цель работы. Проанализировать современное состояние развития опорных университетов с точки зрения создания в них конкурентоспособных центров регионального развития. Методология исследования основана на общих и специальных методах научного познания: методах эмпирического исследования (наблюдение, сравнение, сбор и изучение данных), текущего и перспективного анализа и синтеза теоретического и практического материала, многофакторного системного анализа, социологии, статистического анализа и т. п. Результаты. В ходе исследования были выявлены особенности развития опорных университетов, проанализированы различные аспекты их деятельности. Произведено детальное картирование развития университетов СКФО по широкому спектру параметров и показателей. Автор отмечает отсутствие внятных параметров, применяемых при формировании КЦП в опорные университеты, слабую связь этих цифр с реальной экономикой. Область применения. Результаты настоящей работы могут иметь применение в деятельности Министерства науки и высшего образования РФ при планировании КЦП университетов, постановке задач университетам региона в части синхронизации с администрациями по выполнению национальных проектов, программ социально-экономического развития субъектов Федерации. Выводы. Развитие института опорных университетов должно следовать и соответствовать общемировым тенденциям развития института современного университета.
Peningkatan Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis dan Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas 4 SD melalui Model Pembelajaran Discovery Learning
Authors: Yulianti Rahayu Ratih Dwi , Mawardi Mawardi , Astuti Suhandi 
Published: February 2020

<p>Penelitian ini berangkat dari kondisi keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa kelas 4 SD N Karangduren 02 masih rendah dan berdampak pada hasil belajar yang rendah pula. Berdasarkan latar belakang tersebut tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini ialah meningkatkan keterampilan bepikir kritis dan hasil belajar melalui Model Pembelajaran <em>Discovery Learning. </em>Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah PTK yang dilakukan dalam 2 siklus. Instrumen pengumpulan data diantaranya tes yang berupa soal tes untuk mengukur tingkat ketercapaian hasil belajar dan nontes berupa rubrik penilaian tugas untuk mengukur tingkat berpikir kritis peserta didik. Analisis data pada penelitian ini ialah analisis deskriptif komparatif. Tingkat bepikir kritis dan hasil belajar pada pra-siklus diantaranya berpikir kritis pada kategori sangat tinggi sebesar 7%, kategori tinggi sebesar 41%, dan kategori rendah sebesar 52% sehingga berdampak pada hasil belajar dengan presentase 46% mencapai ketuntasan dan 64% belum mencapai ketuntasan. Setelah dilakukannya penelitian tahap siklus I keterampilan berpikir kritis peserta didik meningkat menjadi 22% berada pada kategori sangat tinggi, 63% pada kategori tinggi, 15% pada kategori rendah. Hasil belajar peserta didik 63% sudah mencapai ketuntasan dan 37% belum mencapai ketuntasan. Pada siklus II meningkat lebih signifikan yaitu 63% dari keseluruhan peserta didik tingkat berpikir kritis berada pada kategori sangat tinggi dan 37% berada pada kategori tinggi, hasil belajar peserta didik juga terlihat 85% peserta didik mencapai ketuntasan dan 15% peserta didik belum mencapai ketuntasan.</p>
How nasopharyngeal pneumococcal carriage evolved during and after a PCV13-to-PCV10 vaccination programme switch in Belgium, 2016 to 2018
Authors: Wouters Ine , Desmet Stefanie , Van Heirstraeten Liesbet , Herzog Sereina A , Beutels Philippe , Verhaegen Jan , Goossens Herman , Van Damme Pierre , Malhotra-Kumar Surbhi , Theeten Heidi ,   NPcarriage Study Group
Published: February 2020

Background
The current carriage study was set up to reinforce surveillance during/after the PCV13-to-PCVC10 switch in Belgium.

Aim
This observational study monitored carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae (Sp) serotypes, particularly those no longer covered (3, 6A, 19A), as well as Haemophilus influenzae (Hi), because PCV10 contains the non-typeable Hi protein D.

Methods
A total of 2,615 nasopharyngeal swabs from children (6–30 months old) attending day care were collected in three periods over 2016–2018. Children’s demographic and clinical characteristics and vaccination status were obtained through a questionnaire. Sp and Hi were identified by culture and PCR. Pneumococcal strains were tested for antimicrobial (non-)susceptibility by disc diffusion and serotyped by Quellung-reaction (Quellung-reaction and PCR for serotypes 3, 6A, 19A).

Results
The carriage prevalence of Sp (> 75%) remained stable over the successive periods but that of Hi increased (87.4%, 664 Hi-carriers/760 in 2016 vs 93.9%, 895/953 in 2017–2018). The proportion of non-PCV13 vaccine serotypes decreased (94.6%, 438 isolates/463 in 2016 vs 89.7%, 599/668 in 2017–2018) while that of PCV13-non-PCV10 vaccine serotypes (3 + 6A + 19A) increased (0.9%, 4 isolates/463 in 2016 vs 7.8%, 52/668 in 2017–2018), with serotype 19A most frequently identified (87.9%, 58/66 isolates). Non-susceptibility of pneumococci against any of the tested antibiotics was stable over the study period (> 44%).

Conclusions
During and after the PCV13-to-PCV10 vaccine switch, the proportion of non-PCV13 serotypes decreased, mainly due to a serotype 19A carriage prevalence increase. These results complement invasive pneumococcal disease surveillance data, providing further basis for pneumococcal vaccination programme policy making.
Soybean yield and performance in response to the industrial seed treatment with biostimulant fertilizer
Authors: Pereira Lucas Caiubi , Matera Thaisa Cavalieri , Braccini Alessandro Lucca , Sukukawa Andreia Kazumi , Volpato Marteli Danilo Cesar , Correia Larissa Vinis 
Published: February 2020

This study aimed at evaluating, during storage, the yield components and germination of the soybean crop based on seeds industrially treated with mineral- biological fertilizer containing amino acids. To achieve this, the experiment was carried out by using a completely randomized experimental design with the treatments arranged in subdivided plots, with four replications. The plots included the industrial seed treatments (IST), while the storage periods (0 and 45 days) were allocated to the subplots. The following characteristics were assessed: germination, initial stand, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pods, number of lateral branches per plant, thousand-seed mass and yield. Under the conditions tested, the storage period contributed to a reduction in the agronomic parameters herein assessed, especially considering the control. However, compared to the seeds submitted only to the standard IST and, especially in relation to the untreated seeds (control), the use of biostimulant fertilizer in the industrial treatment enabled an increase in the agronomic characteristics during storage.
Assessment of For Euphrates River In Al- Najaf Governorate Water Pollution Using Remote Sensing Data
Authors: Yaseen Mahdy Zeena , Muhyi Ali Hussain 
Published: February 2020

Shatt Al- Kufa (Kufa River) is the major supply of surface waters in Najaf; Water pollution as a result of human activities Different .Water pollution results when contaminants are introduced into the natural environment. releasing inadequately treated wastewater into natural water bodies can lead to degradation of aquatic ecosystems In turn, this can lead to public health problems for people living downstream. They may use the same polluted river water for drinking or bathing or irrigation. Water pollution is the leading worldwide cause of death and disease due to water-borne diseases. The method used for modelling the TSS spatial distribution is the empirical modelling Conversion From image pixel values to reflectivity the reflectivity of each TSS concentration was extracted the reflection (r) on the X axis and the TSS concentration on the Y axis were extracted. The purpose of this study is to determine the estimated concentration of total suspended solid (TSS) in the Shatt Al- Kufa as the result of Landsat 8 OLI. As well by correlating the measured and estimated TSS and concentration the data used in this study was collected from Shatt Al- Kufa (10 stations) on 22 April 2019. In conjunction with the Landsat 8 OLI image data, obtained from the USGS site. The results revealed value of TSS in Shatt Al- Kufa can accurately using band 4 (red band).The determinant Coefficient between TSS field and reflectance value of image using band 4 is 0.785.Root Mean Square Error band 4 is 4.5225 ,mean relative error is 1.1649.
3-Dimensional Imaging of Macroscopic Defects in Aluminum Alloys: Image Reconstruction in 3D using Milling and Optical Microscopy
Authors: Grünewald W. , DeRose J. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The investigation of macroscale defects in aluminum (Al) alloys with a 3-dimensional (3D) imaging approach is described in this report. Aluminum (Al) alloys play an important role in the production of aircraft and vehicles, as well as products in other industries. Defects present in Al alloys used for the production of aircraft, vehicles, or other products can have a significant effect on their quality, performance, and lifetime. Characterization of Al alloys in 3D can lead to a better understanding of defect formation and how to minimize or eliminate it. To produce 3D images of defects in non-transparent Al alloy, the samples are milled in small steps (10 μm). Optical microscopy 2D images of the surface are recorded after a certain thickness of alloy (50 μm) is removed. From these 2D images, a 3D image of the Al alloy defect is reconstructed. The entire workflow for Al alloy sample preparation and 2D image recording is completed in a very short time (1.5 h) using a single instrument, the EM TXP surface preparation system from Leica Microsystems. Typically, the completion of such a workflow with more common sample preparation methods would be 3 to 6 times longer. Finally, 3D image reconstruction is done using the LAS X 3D Visualization software.
Microstructural and Phase Analysis of an Additively Manufactured Intermetallic TiAl Alloy using Metallographic Techniques and High-Energy X-Rays
Authors: Jop M. , Wartbichler R. , Staron P. , Maawad E. , Mayer S. , Clemens H. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Due to the unique combination of low density and their excellent properties-profile at elevated temperatures, intermetallic γ-titanium aluminide based alloys are a promising structural material for applications in aviation and the automotive industry. Additive manufacturing of a TiAl alloy of nominal composition Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Nb (in at. %), using electron beam melting, resulted in a banded and anisotropic microstructure. In this work, the present microstructure was examined by means of visible light and scanning electron microscopy with regard to morphology and phase distribution. Furthermore, a three-dimensional representation of the microstructure was generated based on differently oriented metallographic specimens. Phase analysis was performed using high-energy X-ray diffraction in order to quantitatively determine present phase fractions and to relate them to findings from microstructural analysis.
Generation of a Uniformly Coarse Two-Phase Microstructure in a Hypereutectic Ag-Si Alloy
Authors: Weber F. , Kunz C. , Gräf S. , Müller F. A. , Rettenmayr M. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Wetting experiments require a uniform coarse two-phase microstructure with microstructural constituents in an order of magnitude of ∼200 μm. Such a microstructure was generated using a hypereutectic Ag-Si alloy (Ag-10wt.%Si). It was adjusted by relatively slow cooling to a temperature close to the eutectic temperature, by coarsening the primary Si phase in the two-phase liquid/solid mixture, and, eventually, by very slow cooling below the eutectic temperature. Nucleation of eutectic Si is inhibited by the low cooling rate and by rotating the sample. The rotation also prevents the occurrence of gravity segregations (floating of primary-Si).
ANALISA TEKANAN DAN EFISIENSI PADA POMPA AIR SENTRIFUGAL DENGAN RANGKAIAN SERI
Authors: Hidayat Muhammad Riza , Firman Muhammad , Suprapto Muhammad 
Published: February 2020

Pompa sentrifugal adalah satu jenis pompa yang sering digunakan untuk memindahkan air secara aliran paksa dengan kecepatan tinggi oleh impeler. Analisa tekanan dan efisiensi pada pompa air sentrifugal dengan rangkaian seri bertujuan untuk mengetahui tinggi tekanan pompa. Hasil dari pengujian tekanan pompa menggunakan media air pada rangkaian seri dengan putaran yang berbeda dapat diperoleh data head tertinggi sebagai berikut: head 3,14m dengan efisiensi 1,69%.Kata Kunci : pompa sentrifugal, karakteristik piompa seri, head dan efisiensi