bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using Crowdsourced Listeners' Ratings to Measure Speech Changes in Hypokinetic Dysarthria: A Proof-of-Concept Study
Authors: Nightingale Christopher , Swartz Michelle , Ramig Lorraine Olson , McAllister Tara 
Published: April 2020

PurposeInterventions for speech disorders aim to produce changes that are not only acoustically measurable or perceptible to trained professionals but are also apparent to naive listeners. Due to challenges associated with obtaining ratings from suitably large listener samples, however, few studies currently evaluate speech interventions by this criterion. Online crowdsourcing technologies could enhance the measurement of intervention effects by making it easier to obtain real-world listeners' ratings.MethodStimuli, drawn from a published study by Sapir et al. (“Effects of intensive voice treatment (Lee Silverman Voice Treatment [LSVT]) on vowel articulation in dysarthric individuals with idiopathic Parkinson disease: Acoustic and perceptual findings” inJournal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 50(4), 2007), were words produced by individuals who received intensive treatment (LSVT LOUD) for hypokinetic dysarthria secondary to Parkinson's disease. Thirty-six online naive listeners heard randomly ordered pairs of words elicited pre- and posttreatment and reported which they perceived as “more clearly articulated.”ResultsMixed-effects logistic regression indicated that words elicited posttreatment were significantly more likely to be rated “more clear.” Across individuals, acoustically measured magnitude of change was significantly correlated with pre–post difference in listener ratings.ConclusionsThese results partly replicate the findings of Sapir et al. (2007) and demonstrate that their acoustically measured changes are detectable by everyday listeners. This supports the viability of using crowdsourcing to obtain more functionally relevant measures of change in clinical speech samples.Supplemental Materialhttps://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12170112
Aortitis: Hallazgos radiológicos en relación a sus diversas etiologías
Authors: Couture Juliana , Adri Daniel , Gentile Ernestina , Pietrani Marcelo , de Arenaza Diego Pérez , Ulla Marina 
Published: April 2020

ResumenLa inflamación de la aorta (aortitis) es una patología poco frecuente, con etiología infecciosa (pseudoaneurisma micótico, sífilis) y no infecciosa (arteritis, aortitis idiopática, espondilitis anquilosante, entre otras) de difícil diagnóstico clínico y variable pronóstico. Por esa razón, la utilización de diversos métodos por imágenes, tales como la tomografía computada multidetector (TCMD), la tomografía computada por emisión de positrones (PET-TC), la resonancia magnética (RM) y ultrasonido (US) facilitan la identificación, seguimiento y tratamiento de esa entidad.El siguiente trabajo tiene como objetivo realizar una revisión y actualización bibliográfica acerca de la aortitis y sus diversas etiologías, ejemplificando con casos de nuestra institución.
A U.S. Survey of Sexual Harassment in Ophthalmology Training Using a Novel Standardized Scale
Authors: Scruggs Brittni A. , Hock Lauren E. , Cabrera Michelle T. , Wang Kai , Oetting Thomas A. , Abràmoff Michael D. , Shriver Erin M. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Objective This study aimed to assess the frequency and severity of sexual harassment toward ophthalmology trainees.
Design Present study is an anonymous retrospective online survey.
Participants U.S. ophthalmology residents and fellows participated in this study.
Methods Sexual harassment comments directed toward University of Iowa ophthalmology trainees and faculty members were compiled. Statements were ranked by severity to develop the Iowa Verbal Sexual Harassment Scale. A brief, anonymous online survey incorporating the scale was sent to all United States ophthalmology residency program directors to distribute among trainees. Participants rated the prevalence, severity, and frequency of verbal and physical sexual harassment during training.
Main Outcome Measures Response to the survey questions on the prevalence, severity, and frequency of reporting of verbal and physical sexual harassment in ophthalmology training.
Results Among 112 respondents (59 men and 53 women), 72 (64.3%) experienced sexual harassment in the workplace from patients (86.8% of women vs. 44.1% of men; p < 0.0001, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.48–2.74). Trainees rarely experienced harassment by colleagues (10.7%) or supervisors (8.9%). Women experienced more severe and frequent sexual harassment compared with men, with 54.7% women and 30.5% men experiencing sexual harassment weekly (p = 0.013, 95% CI: 1.29–5.71). Unwanted touching was the most common physical harassment type. The trainees' threshold for reporting sexual harassment was higher than their worst actual experience (p< 0.0001, F(2,282) = 67.59). Few trainees formally reported verbal (6.3%) or physical sexual harassment (1.8%). Trainees most commonly responded to harassment by redirecting the harasser (67.9%). Only 33.9% of trainees rated their institution's sexual harassment training as helpful preparation for addressing harassment.
Conclusion Most ophthalmology trainees experienced sexual harassment with almost all harassment coming from patients. Female trainees reported substantially greater severity and frequency of sexual harassment. There remains an unmet need for targeted response training in ophthalmology training programs.
Surgical Techniques for Revascularization in Abdominal Wall Transplantation
Authors: Atia Andrew , Hollins Andrew , Shammas Ronnie , Phillips Brett T. , Ravindra Kadiyala V. , Sudan Debra L. , Giele Henk , Mithani Suhail K. , Erdmann Detlev 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background Abdominal wall vascularized composite allotransplantation (AW-VCA) can be considered as a technically feasible option for abdominal wall reconstruction in patients whose abdomen cannot be closed using traditional methods. However, successful initial abdominal wall revascularization in the setting of visceral organ transplantation can pose a major challenge as graft ischemia time, operating in a limited surgical field, and variable recipient and donor anatomy must be considered. Several techniques have been reported to accomplish abdominal wall revascularization.
Methods A literature review was performed using PubMed for articles related to “abdominal wall transplantation (AWT).” The authors of this study sorted through this search for relevant publications that describe abdominal wall transplant anatomy, technical descriptions, and outcomes of various techniques.
Results A total of four distinct revascularization techniques were found in the literature. Each of these techniques was described by the respective authors and reported varying patient outcomes. Levi et al published a landmark article in 2003 that described technical feasibility of AWT with anastomosis between donor external iliac and inferior epigastric vessels with recipient common iliac vessels in end-to-side fashion. Cipriani et al described a microsurgical technique with anastomosis between donor and recipient inferior epigastric vessels in an end-to-end fashion. Giele et al subsequently proposed banking the abdominal wall allograft in the forearm to reduce graft ischemia time. Recently, Erdmann et al described the utilization of an arteriovenous loop for synchronous revascularization of abdominal wall and visceral transplants for reduction of ischemia time, operative time, while eliminating the need for further operations.
Conclusion Vascularized composite allotransplantation continues to advance with improving immunotherapy and outcomes in solid organ transplantation. Optimizing surgical techniques remains paramount as the field continues to grow. Refinement of the presented methods will continue as additional evidence and outcomes become available in AW-VCA.
Reconstructive Surgery in Children with Down Syndrome: Bioethical Implications
Authors: Tornali Cristina , Migliore Marcello , Polizzi Agata , Bragazzi Nicola L. , Martini Mariano , Ruggieri Martino , Praticò Andrea D. , Vecchio Ignazio 
Published: April 2020

AbstractDown Syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by a third copy of chromosome 21. One of the main feature of the syndrome is the facial dysmorphism, characterized by broad, flat face, oblique eyelid rhymes, skin folds at the inner corner of the eyes (epicanthus), receding chin, protrusion of the tongue. These features are often social and functional obstacles, reducible with surgical interventions. The first facial plastic/cosmetic surgery approaches on Down children were performed in 1960 in Germany, Great Britain and the United States, where plastic surgeons began to reshape the Down patients physiognomy through the surgical correction of the face, tongue, eyes, nose, of the nostrils, of the neck. Recent studies have shown that in spite of the tendency to infections and early pulmonary hypertension in children with DS, surgery is not contraindicated, as previously suggested, but can be performed with very good results. This treatment has aesthetic, functional, rehabilitative, social effects, as well as favorable outcome on the familiar behavior. However different issues emerge in cases of patients presenting intellectual disability and unable to understand the consequences or the side effects related to plastic surgery. In this aspect, different Countries have enacted distinct laws directly regulating the consensuses for such intervention, with the goal to reduce the risks for the affected patients and the respect of their willing and social inclusion.
Anesthetic Challenges of an Adolescent Patient with Epidermolysis Bullosa and Gitelman's Syndrome Undergoing Posterior Spinal Fusion Surgery
Authors: Kiss Edgar E. , Chandran Neethu , Alex Gijo , Olomu Patrick 
Published: April 2020

AbstractSurgical correction for scoliosis is undertaken to avoid progression to cardiopulmonary compromise as well as improve the patient's overall quality of life. In this case report, we presented a case of a 14-year-old girl with epidermolysis bullosa simplex and Gitelman's syndrome who underwent posterior spinal fusion for scoliosis. The perioperative planning and intraoperative management of a patient with this unique combination of comorbidities undergoing a complex, high-risk surgical procedure were not previously chronicled in the literature. We detailed the steps undertaken to optimize the patient prior to surgery and the unique intraoperative surgical and anesthetic considerations that led to a successful completion of the surgery and recovery.
Multiple agents managing a harmful species population should either work together to control it or split their duties to eradicate it
Authors: Lampert Adam 
Published: April 2020

Significance
Harmful species are becoming increasingly prevalent due to trade globalization and climate change. A major question is how international cooperation and coordination can help to mitigate the spread of harmful species. In this study, we show that a single country may be able to abate the harmful species population effectively. However, when the countries need to control the harmful species at a low density for prolonged periods, a joint effort results in maintaining the harmful species at a lower density. In particular, controlling the harmful species in certain hot spot locations is often the key to preventing global spreads of harmful species, which implies that international cooperation is necessary for achieving effective treatment.
NORs on human acrocentric chromosome p-arms are active by default and can associate with nucleoli independently of rDNA
Authors: van Sluis Marjolein , van Vuuren Chelly , Mangan Hazel , McStay Brian 
Published: April 2020

Significance
A detailed description of how the genome is organized within the human nucleus is a major research goal. Nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) comprising ribosomal DNA (rDNA) arrays are located on the p-arms of the five human acrocentric chromosomes. Here we characterize the rules of engagement between NORs and nucleoli. We reveal variation in rDNA distribution, with some primary cell lines containing as many as four acrocentrics devoid of rDNA. We establish the default status of NORs as active and show that acrocentric p-arms devoid of rDNA retain nucleolar association potential. Based on our data, we propose that in diploid human cells, all 10 acrocentric chromosomes are nucleolar-associated, with involvement of non-rDNA sequences buffering against variable rDNA distribution.
Surtitles and the multi-semiotic balance
Authors: Palmer Judi 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
When surtitles were first introduced, in 1982, they were intended to make opera accessible to a
larger audience. They fulfilled the basic requirement of maximum comprehension, minimum distraction. In the
intervening years, however, there has been an increase in the quantity of displayed text so that the titles have
become distracting and intrusive. In my contribution, I explore the reasons for this and discuss why I believe there
is a need to put surtitles into their perspective, within the multi-semiotic balance of lyric theatre
performances.
Fluid borders: From Carmen to The Car Man. Bourne’s ballet in the light of
post-translation
Authors: Vidal Claramonte M. Carmen África 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This paper takes Matthew Bourne’s The Car Man as an example of today’s
enlarged definition of translation, following Maria Tymoczko’s, Susan Bassnett’s, Edwin
Gentzler’s and other, new post-positivist approaches to contemporary translation. Bourne’s post-translation offers an
up-to-date version of Bizet’s world: he deconstructs genres and genders by subverting opera and dance, but also
straight and gay binary oppositions, thus creating richer and more ambiguous identities and characters. Bourne’s
translation in The Car Man wants his intersemiotic rewriting of the past to be more down to earth and
more real, taking ballet and opera closer to a new audience. The Car Man is a paradigm of crossroads
which breaks away from linear discourses and binary oppositions and which opts for less common lines and different
angles. In sum, a contemporary translation.
Translations, adaptations or rewritings?
Authors: Degott Pierre 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This paper analyses the various English translations of Da Ponte and Mozart’s Don
Giovanni, with an aim at showing that each version tends to adapt the social, cultural and sexual
contexts of the opera. From Natalia Macfarren’s Victorian translation of the 1870s to Jeremy Sams’ modern version
currently in use at the English National Opera, via Edward Dent’s sprightly text written in the 1930s for the London
lower middle classes, Ruth and Thomas Martin’s version meant for a conservative American public and W. H. Auden’s most
poetical reinterpretation, all versions resort to strategies aimed at drawing on the new receiver’s culture. Whatever
their own specificities, all versions tend to reduce the strangeness and otherness of the original text, offering
their own interpretations of Mozart and Da Ponte’s universal masterpiece.
“Ordne die Reih’n”
Authors: Kaindl Klaus 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the translation politics in the field of opera in the Third
Reich with a special focus on the three Mozart-Da Ponte operas. Mozart was considered as a central part of the German
culture. His collaboration with the Jewish librettist Lorenzo Da Ponte and the fact that the most popular German
translation at the time came from the Jewish conductor Hermann Levi forced the Nazi authorities to create a new
translation. In the first section of the article I will analyse the various front lines in this translation war,
drawing on Bourdieu’s field theory. The second part of this paper investigates the strategies adopted by a committee
which Goebbels established in order to create a new translation of the Mozart operas. The last section of the article
is then dedicated to Georg Schünemann, the translator who was nominated by the committee, and his translatorial
habitus.
Two English translations of Jaroslav Kvapil’s Rusalka libretto
Authors: Corness Patrick John 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This study investigates two translations into English of Jaroslav Kvapil’s
Rusalka libretto, set to music by Antonín Dvořák: the singing translation in verse by Daphne
Rusbridge (1954) and Paula Kennedy’s
(1998) prose translation. It identifies sources in mythologies and folk tales, and outlines notable
characteristics of language and composition in the Czech libretto. Semantic and stylistic shifts are discussed, with
the aim of highlighting the impact of constraints under which the translators had to work, rather than criticising
discovered shifts as avoidable errors. A summary of the translation shifts found, and their implications for the
reception in English of Kvapil’s libretto, includes both critical and favourable comments.
Weight Stigma and Weight-Related Health: Associations of Self-Report Measures Among Adults in Weight Management
Authors: Pearl Rebecca L , Puhl Rebecca M , Himmelstein Mary S , Pinto Angela M , Foster Gary D 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background
Weight stigma impairs health. Few studies have disentangled the associations of experienced versus internalized stigma with weight-related outcomes.

Purpose
To examine weight and health variables associated with weight stigma experiences and internalization in the largest-to-date sample of adults in weight management.

Methods
WW (formerly Weight Watchers) members (N = 18,769, 94.6% female, 91.1% white) completed an online survey from 2017 to 2018. Participants reported whether they had experienced weight stigma and, if so, the onset, past-year frequency and distress, and interpersonal sources of stigma. Participants completed the Modified Weight Bias Internalization Scale (WBIS-M) and self-reported: past-year weight and lifetime weight cycles; current self-monitoring behaviors; eating self-efficacy; physical activity; perceived stress; eating to cope; body image; and mental and physical health-related quality-of-life (HRQOL). Participants reported their demographic characteristics, including height and weight to compute body mass index.

Results
In logistic and linear regression analyses (controlling for participant characteristics), WBIS-M scores were negatively associated with weight loss, self-monitoring, eating self-efficacy, body image, and mental HRQOL and positively associated with weight gain, weight cycling, perceived stress, and eating to cope (p &lt; .001). Experiencing weight stigma was associated with greater weight loss and less weight gain, although associations with other variables had small effect sizes (absolute β values &lt; 0.10). WBIS-M scores remained significantly associated with all variables when including stigma onset, frequency/distress, and sources.

Conclusions
Internalized, but not experienced, weight stigma was consistently associated with adverse weight and health factors. Developing and testing interventions targeting internalized stigma in the context of weight management should be a research priority.
Establishment of variation source and age-related reference interval models for 22 common biochemical analytes in older people using real-world big data mining
Authors: Ma Chaochao , Xia Liangyu , Cheng Xinqi , Wu Jie , Yin Yicong , Hou Lian , Li Xiaoqi , Guo Xiuzhi , Lin Songbai , Qiu Ling 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background
the ageing population has increased in many countries, including China. However, reference intervals (RIs) for older people are rarely established because of difficulties in selecting reference individuals. Here, we aimed to analyse the factors affecting biochemical analytes and establish RI and age-related RI models for biochemical analytes through mining real-world big data.

Methods
data for 97,220 individuals downloaded from electronic health records were included. Three derived databases were established. The first database included 97,220 individuals and was used to build age-related RI models after identifying outliers by the Tukey method. The second database consisted of older people and was used to establish variation source models and RIs for biochemical analytes. Differences between older and younger people were compared using the third database.

Results
sex was the main source of variation of biochemical analytes for older people in the variation source models. The distributions of creatinine and uric acid were significantly different in the RIs of biochemical analytes for older people established according to sex. Age-related RI models for biochemical analytes that were most affected by age were built and visualized, revealing various patterns of changes from the younger to older people.

Conclusion
the study analysed the factors affecting biochemical analytes in older people. Moreover, RI and age-related RI models of biochemical analytes for older people were established to provide important insight into biological processes and to assist clinical use of various biochemical analytes to monitor the status of various diseases for older people.
Leave me alone: solitary females attract more mates in a nocturnal insect
Authors: Lehtonen Topi K , Kaitala Arja 
Published: April 2020

AbstractSpatial distributions of sexual competitors and potential mating partners have a large impact on sexual selection and mating systems. Typically, such effects are investigated with regard to male aggregations. However, females may also need to compete for mating opportunities. Here, we investigated the consequences of clustering and rival attractiveness on female mate attraction success under field conditions in a nocturnal beetle, the common glowworm, Lampyrus noctiluca. We placed dummy females of two glow intensity (attractiveness) levels either alone or in clusters of varying attractiveness compositions. We found that, by displaying alone rather than in a cluster, females have a higher probability of mating and greater potential to exercise mate choice. Within clusters, females of both attractiveness levels had the highest probability of mating when having neighbors of only the less attractive type. These results show that both the presence and attractiveness of rivals can strongly influence females’ mate attraction. The findings also suggest that the typical distribution of glowing females in the wild is better explained by female than male benefits. Hence, the results highlight the important links between spatial distribution of females, male mate searching, and sexual selection.