bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Meeting standards: (Re)colonial and subversive potential of AI modification
Authors: Tankosić Ana , Milak Eldin , Steele Carly , Dobinson Toni 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
AI potential to recolonise language practices by reproducing existing marginalisations in novel ways has already
instilled fears of a ‘contemporary dystopia’ (Miras et al., 2022) — a space of cultural
and linguistic erasure. Accents represent a distinctive aspect of language practice associated with one’s sociocultural, and
ethno-racial characteristics. They account for one’s social identity, status, and proficiency (De Klerk & Bosch, 1995). This makes practices of artificially modifying accents particularly concerning, since
they play into the ‘zero’ accent ideology. As a result, any deviation from the norm is marked as abnormal or deficient, and in
need of, artificial correction. Using AI accent generators, therefore, has the capacity to further aggravate power inequalities
between the linguistically privileged and underprivileged, and to encourage changes in self-representation towards what is
perceived as the normative Standard.
Artificial modification of self to match a desired representation is not new, given the long-standing discussions
on digital image alterations and their negative relationships to self-perceived attractiveness (Ozimek et al., 2023). This conceptual paper explores the (re)colonial and subversive linguistic potential
of AI accent generators through the lens of the social tendency of individuals to strive to meet a given Standard. Using the
notion of ‘technologies of the self’ (Foucault, 1988), we draw a parallel between
self-perceived attractiveness of bodies and accents, to explain how artificial modifications do not straightforwardly support
diversities, but instead encourage ‘self-corrections’ in line with those standardized sets of features which seem to promise a
‘better’ socioeconomic and educational standing within neoliberal societies.
Immersion teachers’ perspective on grammar instruction in language immersion in Finland
Authors: Nyqvist Eeva-Liisa , Åberg Anne-Maj , Björklund Siv 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Previous studies have shown that grammar is a central source of difficulty for immersion students and that their
teachers often lack knowledge of how to integrate linguistic aims with content teaching. This descriptive, enquiry-based study
reports on Finnish immersion teachers’ (n = 54) perspectives on grammar instruction in language immersion in
Finland — a theme under-researched in Finland thus far. Our online questionnaire consists of 18 questions comprising three
sections: the informants’ professional background, their views on the role of grammar in immersion and their views on correcting
grammatical inaccuracies. We analyse our data using quantitative and statistical methods (Pearson’s χ² as a statistical test). Our
findings show that most of our informants are experienced immersion teachers teaching languages to 13–15-year-old immersion
students. They do not prioritise grammatical accuracy when planning their instruction, although they consider it an important
aspect of second language proficiency. They also discuss grammatical accuracy to a greater extent with their students than with
their colleagues and are more tolerant of inaccuracies in spoken output. Implications are discussed regarding the necessity of
improving grammar instruction in immersion and immersion students’ grammatical accuracy.
Exact regular black hole solutions with de Sitter cores and Hagedorn fluid
Authors: Vertogradov Vitalii , Övgün Ali 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we present three exact solutions to the Einstein field equations, each illustrating different black hole models. The first solution introduces a black hole with a variable equation of state,

P
=
k
(
r
)
ρ

, which can represent both singular and regular black holes depending on the parameters M
0 and w
0. The second solution features a black hole with Hagedorn fluid, relevant to the late stages of black hole formation, and reveals similarities to the first solution by also describing both singular and regular black holes in a specific case. Furthermore, we investigate the shadows cast by these black hole solutions to constrain their parameters. Recognizing that real astrophysical black holes are dynamic, we developed a third, dynamical solution that addresses gravitational collapse and suggests the potential formation of naked singularities. This indicates that a black hole can transition from regular to singular and back to regular during its evolution.
Physics-guided machine-learning enhanced electrostatic actuated method for in-situ measurement of Young’s modulus
Authors: Liang Zhi-peng , Zhao Lin-Feng , Zhou Zai-Fa , Huang Qing-An 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Young’s modulus of polysilicon is a vital mechanical parameter highly dependent on sample preparation and growth techniques. In-situ measurement of this property is essential for effective process control monitoring in microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) fabrication. In this work, an innovative electrostatic actuated method without pull-in instability for in-situ test is proposed. Based on the behavior simulated through finite element method, physics-guided neural networks, which integrate the advantages of both data science models and physics-guided ones, are utilized to extract the Young’s modulus and assess the probability of pull-in instability. Moreover, the performance of the structure is evaluated and optimized through Pareto analysis based on genetic algorithms. It is found that the mapping relationship between systematic parameters, excitation, and response of the structure can be modeled accurately by a physics-guided neural network, and the optimization of design facilities convenience of measurement. Moreover, the error of this method is within 5% under most circumstances, and the measured Young’s modulus through this method is close to that by nanoindentation test. This work explores potential applications of machine learning in MEMS design, testing, and optimization.
Investigating the excitation function of HBT radii for Lévy-stable sources
Authors: Csanád Máté , Kincses Dániel 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Contemporary heavy-ion physics research aims to explore the phase diagram of strongly interacting matter and search for signs of the possible critical endpoint on the Quantum Chromodynamics phase diagram. Femtoscopy is among the important tools used for this endeavor; there have been indications that combinations of femtoscopic radii parameters (referred to as HBT radii for identical boson pairs) can be related to the system's emission duration. An apparent non-monotonic behavior in their excitation function thus might signal the location of the critical point. In this paper, we show that conclusions drawn from the results obtained with a Gaussian approximation for the pion source shape might be altered if one utilizes a more general Lévy-stable source description. We find that the characteristic size of the pion source function is strongly connected to the shape of the source and its possible power-law behavior. Taking this into account properly changes the observed behavior of the excitation function.
Effects of nonmagnetic Cr substitution for Mn on kagome magnet DyMn6Sn6
Authors: Liu Xiangqi , Tao Zicheng , Xia Wei , Guo Yanfeng 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

RMn6Sn6 (R = rare-earth) kagome magnets have been one of the research focuses in condensed matter physics, primarily due to their exotic physical properties rooted in the interplay between magnetism and nontrivial topological band structures. We reported herein the crystal growth of Cr substituted DyMn4Cr2Sn6 and investigations on their magnetotransport properties. It is unveiled that the Mn kagome layer is destroyed and the in-plane ferromagnetic exchange is consequently weakened by the substituted nonmagnetic Cr. Furthermore, the substitution apparently benefits reorientations of the Mn spins under external magnetic field. Besides, the Cr substitution results in a significantly enhanced large intrinsic anomalous Hall conductivity, reaching 600 S cm−1 at 240 K. The anomaly observed in the anomalous Hall conductivity as well as in the Hall coefficient might indicate a topological magnetic structure formed during the spin reorientation process. These findings pave the way for manipulating magnetism and electronic structures in magnetic kagome topological phases and offer a fertile ground for discovering exotic topological properties.
Design of a computer vision system for accurate measurement of mango skin defects by surface image slicing
Authors: Nguyen Phuoc-Loc , Dam Chi-Linh , Nguyen Xuan-Thinh , Tran Nhut-Thanh , Fukuzawa Masayuki , Nguyen Chi-Ngon , Nguyen Chanh-Nghiem 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
External features such as color, size, weight, and defect area are among the critical parameters for grading mangoes for export purposes. This paper describes a novel computer vision system (CVS) for the accurate measurement of mango skin defects. A novel algorithm called mango skin image slicing (MSIS) was developed to generate mango slices, each of which includes points of pseudo-equidistance from the camera to accurately calculate the defect area. Based on images captured from 360-degree views, defects on the entire mango surface can be detected. For the first time, a strategy for preventing multiple considerations of the same defects from 360-degree images was introduced based on MSIS. The experimental results revealed that recalculations of the same defects were avoided, and negligible minor defects were excluded, complying with the guidance of the mango exporting firms. The measurement accuracy was evaluated with artificial defects of 100 mm2, yielding a mean error of 6.0 ± 1.4 mm2, which was suitable for defect area measurement considering the mango grading standard. The CVS throughput of approximately 644 mangoes per hour was also a reasonable trade-off for the achieved accuracy and great potential of extending the CVS for more sophisticated classification of non-negligible defects based on the advantages of mango images captured at closer camera–object distances.
AlGaN/AlN/GaN MOS-HEMTs with biomolecule cavities: a promising approach for SARS-CoV-2 biosensors
Authors: Sufiyan Nudrat , Sharma Anup Kumar 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In this work, AlGaN/AlN/GaN MOS-HEMTs were investigated with a biomolecule cavity between two oxide layers under the gate region to determine their sensitivity and viability as biosensors. The area between the two oxide layers located below the gate electrode was used to detect the SARS-CoV-2 virus through DNA proteins. Threshold voltage and drain current analyses were carried out by modulating the dielectric of DNA filled in the cavity region to simulate the presence of the virus. The sensitivity of the device was analysed using the ATLAS SILVACO simulation tool, focusing on various configurations. This includes the impact of AlGaN composition (both thickness and Al mole fraction) and cavity configuration (length and thickness of the cavity). The simulation results revealed that a device with a barrier layer thickness of 15 nm and Al mole fraction of 0.2 demonstrates a maximum threshold voltage sensitivity SV

th (%) of 86% and a drain current sensitivity SI

ds (%) of 75%. The device with a cavity length of 500 nm and cavity thickness 15 nm shows maximum sensitivity. This study suggests that the proposed structure has potential applications in the detection of SARS-COV-2 virus.
Preparation of quantum correlated states via fission of chirped vector solitons
Authors: Konyukhov Andrey I , Konyukhova Julia G , Melnikov Leonid A 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We propose a new approach to generate quantum-correlated pulse pairs using fission of chirped Manakov solitons. Quantum correlations are studied using linearized quantum fluctuation theory. The fission of chirped solitons produces both intra-pulse and inter-pulse high-level correlations. We found that the collision of vector solitons induces nonzero correlations in orthogonal polarization components of the pulse field. The fission of solitons and subsequent collision of the resulting pulses allow a pulse train with complex correlation pattern to be produced. The generation of pulses with correlated quantum fluctuations offers the possibility of engineering new entangled sources for continuous-variable quantum communication and computation.
Excitation threshold of solitons in anharmonic chains
Authors: Ming 明 Yi 燚 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This study numerically estimates the momentum threshold required to excite solitons in anharmonic chains. For both Fermi–Pasta–Ulam–Tsingou (FPUT)-αβ and FPUT-β chains, regardless of whether the interatomic interaction potential is symmetric, the required excitation momentum converges to the momentum of the soliton center (i.e., the peak momentum of the soliton) as the number of initially excited atoms increases. As the amplitude of the soliton approaches zero, the momentum threshold decreases to nearly zero, allowing soliton being excited with infinitesimal initial excitation momentum. These findings enhance the understanding of soliton dynamics and offer insights for optimizing soliton excitation methods, with potential applications in straintronics and nonlinear wave control technologies.
Study on the One-year Accuracy of Pulsar Time-scale
Authors: Wang Linlin , Zhang Zhehao , Zhao Chengshi , Li Zongke , Tong Minglei 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Determining accurate pulsar timing model parameters is essential for establishing TT(PT), a realization of Terrestrial Time (TT) based on a pulsar timescale (PT). This study discusses the impact of different data spans on the accuracy of pulsar timing model parameters when determining pulsar timing model parameters. Using observations of PSR J0437-4715, J1909-3744, J1713+0747, and J1744-1134 from the second data release of the International Pulsar Timing Array (IPTA II, Version A), we compare the accuracy of the timing model parameters determined by these observations with different data spans. The results show for PSR J0437-4715, J1713+0747, and J1909-3744, the amplitude fluctuations of rotational frequency remain within 10−15, 10−14, and 10−14 Hz, respectively, when the data spans for determining pulsar timing model parameters exceed 13, 14, and 6 yr. Additionally, the one-year accuracy of TT(PT) is crucial for its application in timekeeping. By comparing the frequency deviations of TT(PT) relative to TT(BIPM) under both ideal (k

r
) and actual (k

p
) conditions across different data spans, we find that when the data span reaches the duration above, the accuracy of TT(PT) surpasses that of TT(TAI) under ideal conditions, slightly inferior under actual conditions. This suggests with improved observational technologies, the accuracy of TT(PT) can be further enhanced.
Cross-code comparison of the edge codes SOLPS-ITER, SOLEDGE2D and UEDGE in modelling a high-power neon-seeded scenario in the DTT
Authors: Moscheni M. , Wigram M. , Wu H. , Meineri C. , Carati C. , De Marchi E. , Greenwald M. , Innocente P. , LaBombard B. , Subba F. , Zanino R. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In this work, we cross-compare the state-of-the-art edge plasma codes SOLPS-ITER, SOLEDGE2D, and UEDGE in a reactor-relevant neon-seeded Divertor Tokamak Test scenario at nominal power, extending the simplified test-bed of Moscheni et al (2022 Nucl. Fusion
62 056009). Converged solutions targeting the same separatrix density and radiated power are obtained by adjusting the pumping albedo and the neon puffing rate. This higher-power scenario is generally characterised by substantial disagreement between the three codes, up to 78%–178% in peak heat fluxes. Discrepancies found in Moscheni et al (2022 Nucl. Fusion
62 056009) are indeed exacerbated, and new ones arise. Underlying causes include the over-penetration of neutrals implied by the unified ion-neutral temperature of UEDGE (observed in Moscheni et al (2022 Nucl. Fusion
62 056009)), here resulting in a 38%–114% over-estimation of core plasma densities. The particular set of EIRENE atomic-molecular reactions adopted is found to stiffly restrict the achievable code solutions, which results in the predicted effective charge Z
eff changing from

∼

5

to

∼

8

at the outer mid-plane separatrix. The strong link between Z
eff, main ion density and unified ion temperature emphasises the need of proper assessments of impurity cross-field transport, with its implications on core contamination and wall erosion. The advantages of extended plasma meshes are found to come with associated modelling intricacies, yet to be fully characterised but seemingly impacting on the activity around the secondary X-point of single-null magnetic topologies. An appreciable impurity particle imbalance, generated by the neon ion density floor, is noted—speculatively contributing to SOLEDGE2D’s different radiation emission distribution, and expected to be even more deleterious for high-Z impurities in all the codes. Potential drivers of further discrepancies are the different Braginskii formulations of collision times and momentum sources in presence of impurities, and the SOLPS-ITER extra terms gaining importance around the detachment front. Outstanding questions unanswered in this work prompt further investigations.
Interface engineering of van der Waals heterostructures towards energy-efficient quantum devices operating at high temperatures
Authors: Doan Manh-Ha , Bøggild Peter 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Quantum devices, which rely on quantum mechanical effects for their operation, may offer advantages, such as reduced dimensions, increased speed, and energy efficiency, compared to conventional devices. However, quantum phenomena are typically observed only at cryogenic temperatures, which limits their practical applications. Two-dimensional materials and their van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures provide a promising platform for high-temperature quantum devices owing to their strong Coulomb interactions and/or spin–orbit coupling. In this review, we summarise recent research on emergent quantum phenomena in vdW heterostructures based on interlayer tunnelling and the coupling of charged particles and spins, including negative differential resistance, Josephson tunnelling, exciton condensation, and topological superconductivity. These are the underlying mechanisms of energy-efficient devices, including tunnel field-effect transistors, topological/superconducting transistors, and quantum computers. The natural homojunction within vdW layered materials offers clean interfaces and perfectly aligned structures for enhanced interlayer coupling. Twisted bilayers with small angles may also give rise to novel quantum effects. In addition, we highlight several proposed structures for achieving high-temperature Majorana zero modes, which are critical elements of topological quantum computing. This review is helpful for researchers working on interface engineering of vdW heterostructures towards energy-efficient quantum devices operating above liquid nitrogen temperature.
Conditions for a quadratic quantum speedup in nonlinear transforms with applications to energy contract pricing
Authors: Agliardi Gabriele , O’Meara Corey , Yogaraj Kavitha , Ghosh Kumar , Sabino Piergiacomo , Fernández-Campoamor Marina , Cortiana Giorgio , Bernabé-Moreno Juan , Tacchino Francesco , Mezzacapo Antonio , Shehab Omar 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Computing nonlinear functions over multilinear forms is a general problem with applications in risk analysis. For instance in the domain of energy economics, accurate and timely risk management demands for efficient simulation of millions of scenarios, largely benefiting from computational speedups. We develop a novel hybrid quantum–classical algorithm based on polynomial approximation of nonlinear functions, computed through Quantum Hadamard Products, and we rigorously assess the conditions for its end-to-end speedup for different implementation variants against classical algorithms. In our setting, a quadratic quantum speedup, up to polylogarithmic factors, can be proven only when forms are bilinear and approximating polynomials have second degree, if efficient loading unitaries are available for the input data sets. We also enhance the bidirectional encoding, that allows tuning the balance between circuit depth and width, proposing an improved version that can be exploited for the calculation of inner products. Lastly, we exploit the dynamic circuit capabilities, recently introduced on IBM Quantum devices, to reduce the average depth of the Quantum Hadamard Product circuit. A proof of principle is implemented and validated on IBM Quantum systems.
Efficient quantum algorithm for lattice protein folding
Authors: Wang Youle , Zhou Xiangzhen 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Predicting a protein’s three-dimensional structure from its primary amino acid sequence constitutes the protein folding problem, a pivotal challenge within computational biology. This task has been identified as a fitting domain for applying quantum annealing, an algorithmic technique posited to be faster than its classical counterparts. Nevertheless, the utility of quantum annealing is intrinsically contingent upon the spectral gap associated with the Hamiltonian of lattice proteins. This critical dependence introduces a limitation to the efficacy of these techniques, particularly in the context of simulating the intricate folding processes of proteins. In this paper, we address lattice protein folding as a polynomial unconstrained binary optimization problem, devising a hybrid quantum–classical algorithm to determine the minimum energy conformation effectively. Our method is distinguished by its logarithmic scaling with the spectral gap, conferring a significant edge over the conventional quantum annealing algorithms. The present findings indicate that the folding of lattice proteins can be achieved with a resource consumption that is polynomial in the lattice protein length, provided an ansatz state that encodes the target conformation is utilized. We also provide a simple and scalable method for preparing such states and further explore the adaptation of our method for extension to off-lattice protein models. This work paves a new avenue for surmounting complex computational biology problems via the utilization of quantum computers.
A comprehensive review and future perspectives of simulation approaches in wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM)
Authors: Chen Zhonghao , Yuan Lei , Pan Zengxi , Zhu Hongtao , Ma Ninshu , Ding Donghong , Li Huijun 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) has emerged as a promising technique for producing large-scale metal components, favoured by high deposition rates, flexibility and low cost. Despite its potential, the complexity of WAAM processes, which involves intricate thermal dynamics, phase transitions, and metallurgical, mechanical, and chemical interactions, presents considerable challenges in final product qualities. Simulation technologies in WAAM have proven invaluable, providing accurate predictions in key areas such as material properties, defect identification, deposit morphology, and residual stress. These predictions play a critical role in optimising manufacturing strategies for the final product. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the simulation techniques applied in WAAM, tracing developments from 2013 to 2023. Initially, it analyses the current challenges faced by simulation methods in three main areas. Subsequently, the review explores the current modelling approaches and the applications of these simulations. Following this, the paper discusses the present state of WAAM simulation, identifying specific issues inherent to WAAM simulation itself. Finally, through a thorough review of existing literature and related analysis, the paper offers future perspectives on potential advancements in WAAM simulation strategies.