bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Postoperative Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation in Patients With Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma—An Unrecognized Prognostic Factor
Authors: Schuss Patrick , Lehmann Felix , Schäfer Niklas , Bode Christian , Scharnböck Elisa , Schaub Christina , Heimann Muriel , Potthoff Anna-Laura , Weller Johannes , Güresir Erdem , Putensen Christian , Vatter Hartmut , Herrlinger Ulrich , Schneider Matthias 
Published: December 2020

ObjectiveAlthough the treatment of glioblastoma patients is well established in neuro-oncological surgery, precious scarce data is available on patients with glioblastoma requiring postoperative prolonged mechanical ventilation (PMV). Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine the influence of PMV on overall survival (OS) in patients with glioblastoma.MethodsPatients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma who had undergone surgical therapy and complete subsequent neuro-oncological treatment at the authors’ neuro-oncological center from January 2013 to December 2018 were selected and included in the further analysis. PMV was defined as mechanical ventilation for more than 24 h after surgery. Survival analyses were performed, including established prognostic factors such as age, Karnofsky performance score, MGMT-promoter methylation status and extent of resection.ResultsA total of 240 patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma and subsequent surgical treatment were identified. 13 patients (5%) suffered from PMV during the treatment course of glioblastoma. All but one patient were successfully weaned from mechanical ventilation. Patients suffering from PMV achieved significantly less often favorable functional outcome after 3, 6, 9, and 12 months compared to patients without PMV. Multivariate analysis revealed PMV to constitute a significant prognostic factor for OS, independent of other prognostic factors (p&lt;0.0001, OR 6.7, 95% CI 3.2–13.8).ConclusionsThe present study identifies PMV as significantly associated with impaired functional outcome and poor OS in patients suffering from newly diagnosed glioblastoma. These findings encourage further efforts to investigate/assess this prognostic factor in future studies.
The Efficacy of Adjuvant Chemoradiotherapy in Early-Stage Gallbladder Adenocarcinoma Depends on the Tumor Invasion Depth and Differentiation Level
Authors: Liang Hui , Wang Yifan , Chen Jie , Xing Jiajun , Pu Yabin 
Published: December 2020

BackgroundAlthough the performance of adjuvant chemoradiotherapy (ACRT) for resected gallbladder cancer may improve the survival for certain patients, its impact on the survival in early-stage resected gallbladder adenocarcinoma (GBAC) patients remains underexplored. This study aimed to determine the ACRT effects on the survival of early-stage resected GBAC patients.MethodsPatients with early-stage resected GBAC diagnosed between 2010 and 2016 were selected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. The covariables included gender, age, race, tumor differentiation, TNM stage (AJCC TNM staging system, 7th edition), adjuvant radiotherapy (ART), and adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT). The effects of ACRT on survival were evaluated by univariate and multivariate analysis.ResultsA total of 1,586 patients with resected GBAC met the inclusion criteria were included in this study. Patients who received ACT were older, with poorer tumor differentiation or higher TNM stage (all p &lt; 0.05), while patients who underwent ART were proved to be significantly correlated with poorer tumor differentiation (p = 0.010) and higher TNM stage (p &lt; 0.001). Univariate and multivariate analysis of overall survival (OS) showed that age (p &lt; 0.001; HR, 2.039; 95% CI, 1.718–2.420), tumor grade (p &lt; 0.001; HR, 1.887; 95% CI, 1.530–2.370), and AJCC 7th TNM stage (p &lt; 0.001; HR, 1.417; 95% CI, 1.182–1.699) were independent prognostic risk factors. Interestingly, ART and ACT were not independently associated with improved OS in the overall cohort analysis. However, when patients were subgrouped according to tumor differentiation, ART (p = 0.049; HR, 0.639; 95% CI, 0.409–0.999) has been identified as a significant prognostic factor for grade III/IV patients. Meanwhile, ARC (p = 0.011; HR, 0.739; 95% CI, 0.586–0.932) was associated with improved OS among tumor stage II patients (p&lt;0.001).ConclusionACRT may have specific survival benefits for early-stage resected GBAC patients. ART can improve survival in patients with poor or absent tumor differentiation. Besides, patients with tumor invasion beyond muscularis (stage II tumor) may benefit from ACT. Our study provides supporting evidence for the clinical applications of ACRT in early-stage GBAC patients.
The Protective Role of Immunomodulators on Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator-Induced Hemorrhagic Transformation in Experimental Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Ye Yang , Zhu Yu-Tian , Tong Hong-Xuan , Han Jing-Yan 
Published: December 2020

Background: Recanalization with tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is the only approved agent available for acute ischemic stroke. But delayed treatment of tPA may lead to lethal intracerebral hemorrhagic transformation (HT). Numerous studies have reported that immunomodulators have good efficacy on tPA-induced HT in ischemic stroke models. The benefits of immunomodulators on tPA-associated HT are not clearly defined. Here, we sought to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of preclinical studies to further evaluate the efficacy of immunomodulators.Methods: The PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus electronic databases were searched for studies. Studies that reported the efficacy of immunomodulators on tPA-induced HT in animal models of stroke were included. Animals were divided into two groups: immunomodulators plus tPA (intervention group) or tPA alone (control group). The primary outcome was intracerebral hemorrhage, and the secondary outcomes included infarct volume and neurobehavioral score. Study quality was assessed by the checklist of CAMARADES. We used standardized mean difference (SMD) to assess the impact of interventions. Regression analysis and subgroup analysis were performed to identify potential sources of heterogeneity and evaluate the impact of the study characteristics. The evidence of publication bias was evaluated using trim and fill method and Egger’s test.Results: We identified 22 studies that met our inclusion criteria involving 516 animals and 42 different comparisons. The median quality checklist score was seven of a possible 10 (interquartile range, 6–8). Immunomodulators improved cerebral hemorrhage (1.31 SMD, 1.09–1.52); infarct volume (1.35 SMD, 0.95–1.76), and neurobehavioral outcome (0.9 SMD, 0.67–1.13) in experimental stroke. Regression analysis and subgroup analysis indicated that control of temperature and time of assessment were important factors that influencing the efficacy of immunomodulators.Conclusion: Our findings suggested that immunomodulators had a favorable effect on tPA-associated intracerebral hemorrhage, cerebral infarction, and neurobehavioral impairments in animal models of ischemic stroke.
Electroacupuncture Alleviates Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Rats by Histone H4 Lysine 16 Acetylation-Mediated Autophagy
Authors: Xu Shu-Ying , Lv He-Qun , Li Wen-Qian , Hong Hao , Peng Yong-Jun , Zhu Bing-Mei 
Published: December 2020

Background: Electroacupuncture (EA) treatment in ischemic stroke has been highlighted recently; however, the specific mechanism is still elusive. Autophagy is considered a new target for cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), but whether it plays a role of protecting or causing rapid cell apoptosis remains unclear. Studies have reported that the reduction in lysine 16 of histone H4 acetylation coheres with autophagy induction. The primary purpose of the study was to explore whether EA could alleviate I/R via autophagy-mediated histone H4 lysine 16 acetylation in the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rat model.Methods: One hundred and twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five groups: control group, MCAO group, MCAO+EA group, MCAO+EA+hMOF siRNA group, and MCAO+EA+Sirt1 inhibitor group. EA was applied to “Baihui” (Du20) and “Renzhong” (Du26) at 5 min after modeling and 16 h after the first EA intervention. The structure and molecular markers of the rat brain were evaluated.Results: EA significantly alleviated I/R injury by upregulating the expressions of Sirt1, Beclin1, and LC3-II and downregulating the expressions of hMOF and H4K16ac. In contrast, the Sirt1 inhibitor lowered the increase in Sirt1, Beclin1, and LC3-II and enhanced the level of hMOF and H4K16ac expressions associated with EA treatment. Besides, ChIP assay revealed that the binding of H4K16ac in the Beclin1 promoter region of the autophagy target gene was significantly raised in the MCAO+EA group and MCAO+EA+hMOF siRNA group.Conclusions: EA treatment inhibited the H4K16ac process, facilitated autophagy, and alleviated I/R injury. These findings suggested that regulating histone H4 lysine 16 acetylation-mediated autophagy may be a key mechanism of EA at Du20 and Du26 to treat I/R.
Healthy Eating and Physical Activity Policy, Systems, and Environmental Strategies: A Content Analysis of Community Health Improvement Plans
Authors: Sreedhara Meera , Goulding Melissa , Valentine Goins Karin , Frisard Christine , Lemon Stephenie C. 
Published: December 2020

Background: Policy, systems, and environmental (PSE) approaches can sustainably improve healthy eating (HE) and physical activity (PA) but are challenging to implement. Community health improvement plans (CHIPs) represent a strategic opportunity to advance PSEs but have not been adequately researched. The objective of this study was to describe types of HE and PA strategies included in CHIPs and assess strategies designed to facilitate successful PSE-change using an established framework that identifies six key activities to catalyze change.Methods: A content analysis was conducted of 75 CHIP documents containing HE and/or PA PSE strategies, which represented communities that were identified from responses to a national probability sample of US local health departments (&lt;500,000 residents). Each HE/PA PSE strategy was assessed for alignment with six key activities that facilitate PSE-change (identifying and framing the problem, engaging and educating key people, identifying PSE solutions, utilizing available evidence, assessing social and political environment, and building support and political will). Multilevel latent class analyses were conducted to identify classes of CHIPs based on HE/PA PSE strategy alignment with key activities. Analyses were conducted separately for CHIPs containing HE and PA PSE strategies.Results: Two classes of CHIPs with PSE strategies emerged from the HE (n = 40 CHIPs) and PA (n = 43 CHIPs) multilevel latent class analyses. More CHIPs were grouped in Class A (HE: 75%; PA: 79%), which were characterized by PSE strategies that simply identified a PSE solution. Fewer CHIPs were grouped in Class B (HE: 25%; PA: 21%), and these mostly included PSE strategies that comprehensively addressed multiple key activities for PSE-change.Conclusions: Few CHIPs containing PSE strategies addressed multiple key activities for PSE-change. Efforts to enhance collaborations with important decision-makers and community capacity to engage in a range of key activities are warranted.
Aseguramiento de bienes fideicomitidos y los derechos de las víctimas
Authors: Parellada Carlos Alberto 
Published: December 2020

La temática del artículo es un pretexto para mostrar la problemática a la que nos conduce el proceso de constitucionalización del derecho privado que se orienta a darle unidad al ordenamiento jurídico y eficacia a los derechos fundamentales. Se aborda una fuerte polémica entablada en la República Argentina al introducirse la figura del fideicomiso con una clara intención de aprovechar las bondades del instituto, pero introduciendo una especie de incentivo que terminaba pudiendo hacerlo pesar sobre terceros-víctimas de daños, con grave peligro a sus derechos de propiedad e igualdad. El tema fue superado por el Código Civil y Comercial de la Nación y se analiza la solución coherente con el derecho al resarcimiento de las víctimas que se ha consagrado. Pero, fundamentalmente, se persigue a través de esta anécdota llamar la atención del legislador y del intérprete acerca de la necesidad de contemplar predominantemente los valores y principios constitucionales en la legislación e interpretación del derecho privado.
Responsabilidad civil médica y la aplicación de los daños punitivos en México
Authors: Pérez Fuentes Gisela María 
Published: December 2020

La responsabilidad civil médica ha transitado por un cambio de paradigma en el Poder Judicial de la Federación, el cual será evaluado en este artículo. El objetivo de este trabajo pretende analizar a través del método de estudio de caso, la estimación de los daños punitivos y la consideración de los mismos en la responsabilidad civil médica, para determinar si coinciden los criterios jurisprudenciales con el sistema romano germánico que rige en México con ciertas cualidades jurídicas propias del derecho mexicano, y la contradicción de la propia jurisprudencia al negar los daños punitivos en un análisis económico por la imposibilidad de aplicarlo en caso de que el deudor sea una persona jurídica de la administración pública.
Characterization of a surface plasmon antenna fabricated on a gate-defined lateral quantum dot
Authors: Fukai Rio , Sakai Yuji , Nakagawa Tomohiro , Fujita Takafumi , Kiyama Haruki , Ludwig Arne , Wieck Andreas D. , Oiwa Akira 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Quantum repeater composed of a quantum memory and an interface between photon qubits and memory qubits is indispensable for long-distance quantum communication. Gate-defined lateral quantum dots (QDs) can be a suitable platform for such quantum repeaters because of its aptitude for spin qubit and feasibility of quantum state transfer from photon polarization to electron spin. So far, the reported photoelectron excitation probabilities in such a QD are not high enough to implement practical repeater protocols. To improve the photoexcitation probability, we combine a surface plasmon antenna (SPA) with QDs. We fabricated a SPA designed to enhance the optical transmission to the QDs in a practical illumination setup in a refrigerator and characterized the fabricated antenna by measuring photocurrents at room temperature.
Self-aligned-TiSi2 bottom contact with APM cleaning and post-annealing for sputtered-MoS2 film
Authors: Igarashi Satoshi , Mochizuki Yusuke , Tanigawa Haruki , Hamada Masaya , Matsuura Kentaro , Muneta Iriya , Kakushima Kuniyuki , Tsutsui Kazuo , Wakabayashi Hitoshi 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Electrical contact characteristics between self-aligned titanium silicide (TiSi2) and sputtered-molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) films were newly demonstrated. In contrast with metal contacts, the surface of the TiSi2 bottom-contact was cleaned by using an ammonia and hydrogen peroxide mixture (APM) before MoS2 deposition, because the TiSi2 film has high oxidation resistance. In order to extract the contact resistance, a transmission line model device was fabricated. A two-order reduction in the contact resistance was achieved by a post-annealing at 650 °C in forming gas ambient (3% H2 in N2). This reduction was attributed to selective titanium diffusion from bottom contact into the MoS2 film. The TiSi2 contact is thus speculated as a candidate for a practical contact material in MoS2 devices.
Optimized femtosecond laser patterning of organic light-emitting diode substrates for the extraction of substrate guided modes
Authors: Lloyd Savanna , Higashimine Koichi , Tanigawa Tatsuya , Murata Hideyuki 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This work demonstrates the enhancement of the outcoupling efficiency in organic light-emitting diodes via patterning the substrate at the air/glass interface by a femtosecond laser. This patterning technique is completed via a one-step process and thus eliminates the need for complex multi-step fabrication processes, common among outcoupling structures. Comparisons among patterned devices with and without a thick hole injection layer show that intrinsic guided losses can be recovered and extracted into free space, thus achieving an increase in outcoupling efficiency by about 31% and 61%, respectively.
Implementasi Augmented Reality Pada Aplikasi HOPE Berbasis Android
Authors: Devi Ihzany Vilia , Suroso Suroso , Nasron Nasron 
Published: December 2020

Dalam mempelajari telekomunikasi mahasiswa diwajibkan untuk menguasai alat telekomunikasi yang sering digunakan di laboratorium. Mahalnya alat telekomunikasi menyebabkan mahasiswa harus bergantian dalam mengamati dan mempelajari alat telekomunikasi tersebut. Apabila mahasiswa tidak berhati-hati dalam menggunakan peralatan telekomunikasi milik laboratorium maka kemungkinan peralatan akan cepat rusak sehingga menyebabkan proses belajar mengajar menjadi terganggu. Maka di perlukan aplikasi interaktif yang dapat memberikan pembelajaran baik secara visual maupun auditorial berbasis android yang dapat diakses kapan saja dan dimana saja. Maka pada penelitian ini di rancanglah sebuah aplikasi HOPE yang bermakna “harapan” menggunakan augmented reality berbasis android, Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode Marker Based Tracking menggunakan tiga sumbu utama yakni X, Y, dan Z dengan bantuan titik koordinat ( 0, 0, 0 ) dan juga virtual secara 3 dimensi. Objek tiga dimensi akan diberi tanda dengan tiga sumbu utama yaitu X, Y, dan Z untuk memuncul objek maya. Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menambah ilmu pengetahuan bidang telekomunikasi, dapat meningkatkan minat mahasiswa baru program studi teknik telekomunikasi, mempermudah dosen dalam mengajar, dan mempermudah mahasiswa memahami perangkat telekomunikasi secara mandiri.
PEMISAHAN SUARA MANUSIA BERDASARKAN JENIS KELAMIN MENGGUNAKAN FAST FOURIER TRANSFORM (FFT)
Authors: Kristina Lela Sari , Fitriana Gita Fadila , Prasetiadi Agi 
Published: December 2020

Suara merupakan salah satu ciri yang dimiliki oleh manusia. Salah satu kemampuan manusia untuk melakukan identifikasi terhadap seseorang dengan cara melihat dan mendengar. Melalui kemampuan tersebut seseorang dapat membedakan jenis kelamin dengan mudah, berdasarkan kategori fisik dan suara. Suara yang sebelumnya dapat dikenali dengan mudah oleh manusia, untuk saat ini dapat dikenali pula oleh komputer, yang bertujuan untuk memisahkan suara berdasar jenis kelamin. Hasil akhir dari penelitian ini adalah megetahui rata-rata error dari objek data yang sudah di inputkan dengan Algoritme yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Fast Fourier Transform. Hasil dari proses implementasi dari Algoritme Fast Fourier Transform menujukan besar atau tidaknya rata-rata error suara yang dipengaruhi tinggi atau rendahnya amplitudo dari suara yang sedang diuji dan dari hasil yang didapatkan rata-rata error amplitudo suara Perempuan lebih rendah dari pada rata-rata error amplitudo suara Laki-laki. Dari dua sumber suara manusia yang digunakan menghasilkan rata-rata error terendah pada cluster ke-7 pada suara Perempuan 3 dengan hasil rata-rata error 132.840, sementara pada hasil uji coba yang dilakukan dengan 3 sumber suara menghasil rata-rata error terendah pada cluster ke-3 pada suara Perempuan 3 dengan hasil rata-rata error 212.976, dan pada empat sumber suara yang digunakan menghasilkan rata-rata error terendah pada cluster ke-3 pada suara Mela dengan hasil rata-rata error 217.462 .
De la Barranca a las Montaflas: Haimatsie un acercamiento al nuevo siglo
Authors: Bojórquez Martinez Blanca Alida , Bojórquez Martinez Blanca Alida , Yelasco Gonzalez Karina 
Published: December 2020

Short description:
The article describes recent developments among the Huichol community called Haimatsie (place among the clouds) in the Huichol montains. The article describes the Huichol and describes their socio-cultural background. It describes the history of a program of introducing basic education into their communities, based on the example of a school called Colonia Haimatsie that was built in 1994.
Students’ Attitudes towards the Use of Smartphone for Language Learning Purposes
Authors: Wisnuwardana Ignatius 
Published: December 2020

Utilization of smartphone technology and English language, emerging English language and smartphone technology in non-academic and academic activities for learning purposes, student’s perception towards the usage of smartphone apps for English learning purposes, and smartphone apps for enhancing English proficiency are the area where this study is focused, gained from Indonesian High School students. Two hundred participants from 10th-12th grader of private high schools in Surabaya - Indonesia participated by completing an anonymous questionnaire and 16 participants of each grade were randomly selected and interviewed to gain further understanding towards the findings. The findings indicated smartphone technologies are mostly used by the participants for communication and social media purposes. On the other hand, smartphone is also used incontrovertibly by participants for the certain educational purposes. In addition, learning English via smartphone mobile apps, and diverse types of teenager’s online activities were discovered, as well as area of their English skill improvement. The findings suggest that: the students are considerably enthusiastic for using apps to support learning and they also view that smartphones bring substantial potentials and should be optimized for learning through systematic and purposeful activities properly designed for school learning-related activities
Teaching Vocabulary to Indonesian Young CHildren with ADHD
Authors: Kinasih Titah , Rochmawati Dyah 
Published: December 2020

The aim of the present study is investigating (1) the current teaching techniques of teaching English vocabulary for children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity, and (2) the difficulties faced by the teachers in teaching English vocabulary for children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity. This survey research employed oral interviews, questionnaire and observation schemes as instruments for data collection. The result of this study indicates that the current techniques employed flashcards, pictures, songs, storytelling. the use of electronic media were the most preferably common techniques in teaching young learners vocabulary. The techniques were sometimes adapted and combined. The difficulties encountered by the teachers were the students’ extensive native language, being uncooperative, inability to stay focused. This study provides some suggestions for they need to be equipped with the methodology of teaching vocabulary for student with such a learning disability. This disability can lead to difficulties in understanding and using language for communication and interaction. Having adequate knowledge of such methodology brings about the equal chances for such students to earn learning success. The article ends up with implications for practice and future research directions.
Keywords: teaching; vocabulary; students with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder