bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physiotherapiewissenschaft umfassend verstehen: Ein angewandter Überblick über verschiedene Forschungsparadigmen (Teil 2)
Authors: Haase Laura A. , Bopp Katharina , Maric Filip 
Published: December 2024

Die internationale Gesundheits- und Physiotherapieforschung hat sich in den letzten Jahrzehnten durch den Gebrauch und die Weiterentwicklung verschiedenster wissenschaftstheoretischer Grundlagen vielfältig entwickelt. Dadurch wird aktuellen Fragen und Problemstellungen auf unterschiedliche Weise begegnet und aktiv zur Veränderung beigetragen. Im deutschsprachigen Raum ist diese Vielfalt der wissenschaftstheoretischen Arbeit noch nicht im selben Grade zu verzeichnen. Die übliche Unterscheidung in quantitative und qualitative Forschung trägt zu Missverständnissen bei, wodurch die in diesen Begriffen implizierte Vielfalt sowohl für die Theorieentwicklung als auch für die angewandte Forschung verloren geht.In einem zweiteiligen Artikel wird ein Überblick über die in der internationalen Gesundheits- und Physiotherapieforschung gängigsten Forschungsparadigmen gegeben, um deren grundlegendes Verständnis und zukünftige Anwendung in der deutschsprachigen Physiotherapiewissenschaft zu fördern.Im ersten Teil wurden zunächst wichtige begriffliche Grundlagen geklärt. Darauf aufbauend wurde der Positivismus und Interpretativismus vorgestellt, darunter insbesondere deren ontologische, epistemologische und methodologische Grundannahmen und die sich aus diesen ergebenden praktischen Möglichkeiten. Diese Möglichkeiten wurden anhand plakativer Forschungsfragen zum Thema der Akademisierung veranschaulicht, und es wurde damit begonnen, die Notwendigkeit paradigmatischer Vielfalt in der Physiotherapieforschung zu verdeutlichen.Im vorliegenden zweiten Teil werden auf dieselbe Weise das kritische Paradigma und der Poststrukturalismus erläutert. Das führt zu einer abschließenden Diskussion der Limitationen des Artikels sowie der Bedeutung von verschiedenen Forschungsparadigmen für den wissenschaftlichen Diskurs in der Physiotherapie. Dabei wird deutlich, dass die Akademisierung eine Voraussetzung dafür ist, dass die Physiotherapie überhaupt einen aktiven Bezug zur Wissenschaft haben kann. Dieser zweiteilige Beitrag liefert einen ersten Einstieg in die weitere Auseinandersetzung mit wissenschaftstheoretischen Grundlagen und der Anwendung und Weiterentwicklung verschiedenster Forschungsparadigmen, die es braucht, um den komplexen sozialen, ökologischen und gesundheitsrelevanten Problemen der aktuellen Zeit gerecht zu werden.
The Association between Perinatal Complications and Adverse Childhood Experiences: Findings from a Nationwide Online Survey
Authors: Imanishi Yousuke , Wada Ichiro , Tabuchi Takahiro 
Published: December 2024

Objective This study aimed to evaluate the association between maternal adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) levels and the risk of perinatal complications.
Study Design This is a retrospective cohort study of 5,693 mother–child pairs born between 2019 and 2021, who completed questionnaires on maternal ACE scores and perinatal complications such as preterm birth, low birth weight infants, pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and premature rupture of membrane (PROM). Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using logistic regression according to the three ACE score groups after adjusting for confounding factors such as maternal age, child's sex, household income, and maternal education.
Results Maternal ACEs have a significant positive correlation with preterm birth (OR: 1.42, 95% CI: 1.09–1.86, p for trend = 0.009), PIH (OR: 1.55, 95% CI: 1.17–2.07, p for trend = 0.002), and PROM (OR: 1.42, 95% CI: 1.09–1.84, p for trend = 0.01). These associations remained unchanged when stratified according to smoking, alcohol consumption, and obesity.
Conclusion Maternal ACEs were associated with the risk of perinatal complications such as preterm birth, PIH, and PROM.
Key Points
Development of a Triethylborane-Mediated Giese Cyclization/Aldol Reaction Cascade for the Total Synthesis of Ganoapplanin
Authors: Müller Nicolas , Kováč Ondřej , Magauer Thomas , Rode Alexander , Atzl Daniel 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWe present our synthetic endeavors towards the Ganoderma meroterpenoid ganoapplanin. This natural product was isolated from a Ganoderma fungus in 2016 and was found to be an inhibitor for T-type voltage-gated calcium channels. Our synthetic approach is based on a powerful intramolecular Giese cyclization/intermolecular aldol cascade to link the northern aromatic to the southern terpenoid fragment. This article highlights the synthetic studies that ultimately led to the successful development of the key cascade reaction, culminating in the first total synthesis of ganoapplanin.1	Introduction2	Synthesis of the Southern Terpenoid Fragment3	Synthesis of the Northern Terpenoid Fragment4	Triethylborane-Mediated Giese Cyclization/Aldol Reaction Cascades5	Completion of the Total Synthesis of Ganoapplanin6	Conclusion
Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Asymmetric Reduction of 2-Pyridine Ketones
Authors: Ollevier Thierry , Vasudevan Vidhul , Harishankar M S 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis graphical review provides a concise overview of transition-metal-catalyzed asymmetric reduction of 2-pyridine ketones to produce enantiopure chiral 2-pyridine aryl/alkyl alcohols, which are present in many chiral ligands and pharmaceuticals. Key methods include metal-catalyzed hydrogenation, transfer hydrogenation, and hydrosilylation, with a focus on sustainable catalysts like iron and manganese. This review serves as a foundation for future advancements in sustainable and enantioselective keto group reductions.
A Revised Protecting Group Strategy Enables a Divergent Synthesis of Prenylated Isoflavones from Psoralea corylifolia
Authors: Kwesiga George , Schmidt Bernd , von Chamier Gliszczinski Sarah , Sperlich Eric , Kelling Alexandra 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThree bioactive prenylated isoflavone natural products were synthesized for the first time, using a combination of Pd-catalyzed Suzuki–Miyaura coupling for installing the B-ring, microwave-promoted Claisen rearrangement of allyl ethers, and Ru-catalyzed olefin cross metathesis for obtaining the prenyl substituents. Careful consideration of the protecting group strategy turned out to be vital for the success of these total syntheses.
Normative Ranges for Oculomotor and Reaction Time Tests in U.S. Military Service Members and Veterans
Authors: Talian Daniel S. , Eitel Megan M. , Zion Danielle J. , Kuchinsky Stefanie E. , French Louis M. , Brickell Tracey A. , Lippa Sara M. , Lange Rael T. , Brungart Douglas S. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background Oculomotor and reaction time tests are frequently used assessments of vestibular symptoms, traumatic brain injury (TBI), or other neurological disorders in both clinical and research contexts. When interpreting these tests it is important to have a reference interval (RI) as a comparison for what constitutes a typical/expected response; however, the current body of research has only limited information regarding normative ranges calculated according to established standards or for a military-specific sample.
Purpose The purpose of the present study was to describe RIs for oculomotor and reaction time tests in a cohort of service members and veterans (SMVs) for use as comparators by clinicians and scientists.
Research Design Descriptive.
Study Sample Participants were prospectively enrolled in the Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center-Traumatic Brain Injury Center of Excellence 15-year Longitudinal Traumatic Brain Injury Study. Only SMVs without a history of TBI or blast exposure were included in the RI calculations.
Data Collection and Analysis The test paradigms included in this analysis were: smooth pursuit, prosaccades, antisaccades, saccades and reaction time, predictive saccades, optokinetic nystagmus, auditory reaction time, and visual reaction time. Nonparametric methods, based on the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's recognized consensus standards, were used to calculate 95% RIs. A comparison between the calculated RIs and those available from previously published research is provided.
Results Summary statistics and RIs were calculated for 47 outcome parameters from 13 oculomotor and reaction time tests. Sample sizes and age ranges varied across outcome parameters depending on the availability of reference values for RI calculations. The sample sizes used to calculate RIs ranged from 51 to 69. The age of SMVs included in each RI ranged from 19 to 61 years with mean ages ranging from 37 to 39 years. Similarities/differences between the RIs in the present study and those in previously published research are highly dependent on the outcome parameter; however, in general, the RIs in the present study tended to be somewhat wider.
Conclusion The RIs provided in this paper can serve as comparisons for clinicians and scientists who are utilizing these oculomotor and reaction time testing paradigms in similar cohorts of patients or research participants.
The European Diploma in Musculoskeletal Radiology: Webinar Program of the ESSR
Authors: Rupreht Mitja , Weber Marc-André , Drakonaki Elena , Martinoli Carlo , Vanhoenacker Filip , Robinson Philip , Adriaensen Miraude 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe European Diploma in Musculoskeletal Radiology (EDiMSK) is a recognized European qualification of excellence for musculoskeletal (MSK) radiologists. Webinars have become a vital component of electronic learning. This article introduces European Society of Musculoskeletal Radiology members to its webinar program that offers an additional source of direct interactive learning from renowned MSK radiologists. These webinars contribute to Continuing Medical Education and assist in preparing for the EDiMSK exam. We discuss the concept, history, and organization of the webinars.
Trends of Mortality due to Traumatic Brain Injury in the USA: A Comprehensive Analysis of CDC WONDER Data from 1999 to 2020
Authors: Shafique Muhammad Ashir , Mustafa Muhammad Saqlain , Kumar Aashish , Iqbal Javed , Haseeb Abdul , Rahman Hafsah Alim Ur , Mussarat Abdullah , Rangwala Burhanuddin Sohail , Rangwala Hussain Sohail , Ali Syed Muhammad Sinaan , Ashraf Mohammad 
Published: December 2024

AbstractTraumatic brain injury (TBI) poses a significant public health challenge in the United States, with diverse causes and outcomes. Understanding the trends in TBI-related mortality is crucial for effective prevention and intervention strategies. This comprehensive analysis utilized data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Wide-ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research (CDC WONDER) database, covering the period from 1999 to 2020. Cause-of-death records were examined using the 10th Edition of the International Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems diagnostic code S06 for TBI-related fatalities. Mortality rates were calculated per 100,000 individuals, adjusted for age and urban/rural status. Joinpoint Regression analysis was employed to identify significant trends over time. Between 1999 and 2020, 1,218,667 TBI-related deaths occurred, with varying mortality rates across demographic groups and geographic regions. Within the overall population, the highest annual average mortality rates were observed in the non-Hispanic (NH) American Indian or Alaska Native cohort, followed by NH white, NH black or African American, Hispanic or Latino, and NH Asian or Pacific Islander groups. Overall, there was an initial decrease in mortality rate from 1999 to 2012, followed by a subsequent significant increase. Males consistently exhibited higher mortality rates than females across all age groups. Disparities were also observed based on race/ethnicity, with NH American Indian or Alaska Native populations showing the highest mortality rates. Regional variations were evident, with the southern region consistently exhibiting the highest mortality rates. Evolving trends in TBI-related mortality in the United States highlight the need for targeted interventions, particularly in high-risk demographic groups and regions.
8.1.35 Use of Organolithiums in Flow Chemistry
Authors: Miyagishi H. V. , Nagaki A. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractOrganolithium reagents are essential compounds for organic synthesis. Their potent reactivity, as both strong bases and nucleophiles, allows them to react with various organic compounds, facilitating the synthesis of desired organic molecules. However, their extremely high reactivity often results in low stability, restricting the variety of organolithium reagents that are suitable for organic synthesis. The high reactivity also impairs their chemical compatibility and selectivity, limiting the utility of organolithium reagents in the synthesis of functionalized molecules. Therefore, methodology for taming the excessive reactivity of organolithium reagents is in high demand. In this review, we discuss the use of flow microreactors as a tool to address these problems. Organolithium species, excluding heterocycles, are classified into five categories, and their generation and application using flow microreactors is comprehensively discussed. In particular, the section on aryllithium compounds provides a detailed discussion of the exploitation of unstable organolithiums and the effect of the use of flow technology on chemical compatibility and selectivity. The flow microreactors discussed herein have significantly expanded the scope of application of organolithium species.
8.1.33.4 Transition-Metal-Catalyzed C—C Bond Formation with Organolithium Reagents (Update 2025)
Authors: Mateos-Gil J. , Fañanás-Mastral M. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractOrganolithium compounds are among the most versatile and widely used reagents in organic synthesis. However, their high reactivity and basicity have historically limited their use as direct coupling partners in metal-catalyzed carbon—carbon bond forming methods. This review provides an update to the advances in this area, with a focus on highlighting reports during the period 2011–2023, that have revolutionized the field, propelling organolithium reagents to the forefront of strategies for constructing new C—C bonds using transition-metal catalysts.
9.8.17 Four-Membered Rings with One or More Heteroatoms (Update 2025)
Authors: Didier D. , Trauner F. , Jiang D. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractFully unsaturated four-membered heterocycles, like their carbocyclic analogues, are classes of compounds that remain scarce in the literature when compared to other cyclic molecular motifs. This is mainly due to their antiaromatic properties, which make them unstable unless stabilized through coordination. Rare examples have, however, been characterized as intermediates in synthesis or even isolated as pure compounds. The first part of this review discloses recent advances in the synthesis of monoheteroatomic compounds such as azetes, thietes, siletes, and λ3- or λ5-phosphetes (depending on the oxidation state of the phosphorus atom), and is an update to the previous Science of Synthesis contribution on this topic (Section 9.8). The second part of this review describes the synthesis of structures containing more than one heteroatom in the core ring and is organized following the atomic number of the heaviest heteroatom.
Noncollinear polar magnet Fe2(SeO3)3(H2O)3 with inequivalent Fe3+ sites
Authors: Oyeka Ebube E. , Huai Xudong , Marshall Madalynn , Winiarski Michał J. , Błachowski Artur , Cao Huibo , Tran Thao T. 
Published: December 2024

The emergence of novel magnetic states becomes more likely when the inversion symmetry of the crystal field, relative to the center between two spins, is broken. We propose that placing magnetic spins in inequivalent sites in a polar lattice can promote a realization of nontrivial magnetic states and associated magnetic properties. To test our hypothesis, we study Fe2(SeO3)(H2O)3 as a model system that displays two distinct Fe(1) and Fe(2) magnetic sites in a polar structure (R3c space group). At low fields μ0H≤ 0.06 T, the material undergoes an antiferromagnetic ordering with TN1 = 77 K and a second transition at TN2≈ 4 K. At μ0H≥ 0.06 T and 74 K ≤T≤ 76 K, a positive entropy change of ∼0.12 mJ mol−1 K−1 can be associated with a metamagnetic transition to possibly nontrivial spin states. At zero field, Fe(1) is nearly fully ordered at T≈ 25 K, while Fe(2) features magnetic frustration down to T = 4 K. The magnetic ground state, a result corroborated by single-crystal neutron diffraction and 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy, is a noncollinear antiparallel arrangement of ferrimagnetic Fe(1)–Fe(2) dimers along the c-axis. The results demonstrate that placing distinct magnetic sites in a polar crystal lattice can enable a new pathway to modifying spin, orbital, and lattice degrees of freedom for unconventional magnetism.
Acoustic experimental study on the tone sandhi of the Jino language
Authors: Xiaoyu Zhou 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This paper combines field investigation and phonetic experiments to study the monosyllabic tone and tone sandhi of
the Jino language as spoken in Baka village. The study found that the phenomenon of tone sandhi in bisyllabic words of Jino
language has describable rules: from a diachronic perspective, morphemes with the same historical origin exhibit the same tone
alternation characteristics when constructing words, while morphemes with different historical origins exhibit different tone
alternation characteristics. Morphemes derived from the *Proto-Lolo Tone 1 reorganize the metrical relationship between morphemes
in word construction, resulting in unstressed and stressed tones. From the perspective of synchronic phonological analysis, the
obligatory contour principle restricts the occurrence of tones in bisyllabic words. In addition, this paper also proposes some new
views on the historical development of tones in Jino language from an empirical perspective.
Crowdsourcing Platforms for Ukrainian Refugees: Meaning Making in Infrastructures of Problem-Solving
Authors: Cheregi Bianca-Florentina , Ciocea Mălina 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis study focuses on crowdsourcing platforms developed by the Romanian government and civil society for the support of Ukrainian refugees to gain an understanding of the symbolic battles, contested problematizations, and discourses about Ukrainian refugees in the Romanian public sphere. We take these crowdsourcing platforms as dispositives that have a strategic function. They are both infrastructures of problem-solving and discursive fields constituted around the public problem of refugees. Our methodological approach, derived from a semiotic perspective on dispositive analysis, explores how meaning is built on crowdsourcing platforms and what strategies are employed to mobilize the public toward politically significant action. We construct a typology of crowdsourcing initiatives and identify two distinct categories of actors that gain visibility in the public arena: crowdsourcing professionals and aid entrepreneurs. Overall, our analysis highlights that actors employ a variety of semiotic resources and strategies to educate the public and get them involved in humanitarian action.
Picometer sensitive prototype of the optical truss interferometer for LISA
Authors: Jersey Kylan , Hollis Harold , Chia Han-Yu , Sanjuan Jose , Fulda Paul , Mueller Guido , Guzman Felipe 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The optical truss interferometer (OTI) is a contingent subsystem proposed for the LISA telescopes to aid in the verification of a

1

pm

Hz

optical path length stability. Each telescope would be equipped with three pairs of compact fiber-coupled units, each forming an optical cavity with a baseline proportional to the telescope length at different points around the aperture. Employing a Pound–Drever–Hall approach to maintain a modulated laser field on resonance with each cavity, the dimensional stability of the telescope can be measured and verified. We have designed and developed prototype OTI units to demonstrate the capability of measuring stable structures, such as the LISA telescope, with a

1

pm

Hz

sensitivity using a set of freely mountable fiber-injected cavities. Aside from its initial motivation for the telescope, the OTI can also be readily integrated with other systems to aid in ground testing experiments. In this paper, we outline our experimental setup, measurement results, and analyses of the noise limitations.
A symmetry-oriented crystal structure prediction method for crystals with rigid bodies
Authors: Zhang Qi , Choudhury Amitava , Chernatynskiy Aleksandr 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We have developed an efficient crystal structure prediction (CSP) method for desired chemical compositions, specifically suited for compounds featuring recurring molecules or rigid bodies. We applied this method to two metal chalcogenides: Li3PS4 and Na6Ge2Se6, treating PS4 as a tetrahedral rigid body and Ge2Se6 as an ethane-like dimer rigid body. Initial trials not only identified the experimentally observed structures of these compounds but also uncovered several novel phases, including a new stannite-type Li3PS4 structure and a potential stable structure for Na6Ge2Se6 that exhibits significantly lower energy than the observed phase, as evaluated by density functional theory calculations. We compared our results with those obtained using USPEX, a popular CSP package leveraging genetic algorithms. Both methods predicted the same lowest energy structures in both compounds. However, our method demonstrated better performance in predicting metastable structures. The method is implemented with Python code which is available at https://github.com/ColdSnaap/sgrcsp.git.
Topology and

PT

symmetry in a non-Hermitian Su–Schrieffer–Heeger chain with periodic hopping modulation
Authors: Mandal Surajit , Kar Satyaki 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We study the effect of periodic hopping modulation in a Su–Schrieffer–Heeger (SSH) chain with an additional onsite staggered imaginary potential (of strength γ). Such dissipative, non-Hermitian (NH) extension amply modifies the features of the topological trivial phase (TTP) and the topological nontrivial phase (TNP) of the SSH chain, more so with the periodic hopping distribution. Generally a weak NH potential can respect the parity-time (

PT

) symmetry keeping the energy eigenvalues real, while a strong potential breaks

PT

conservation leading to imaginary edge state and complex bulk state energies in the system. We find that the non-zero energy in-gap states, that appear due to periodic hopping modulations even in the γ = 0 limit, take purely real or purely imaginary eigenvalues depending on the strength of both γ and Δ (dimerization parameter). The localization of topological edge states (in-gap states) at the boundaries are investigated that reveals extended nature not only near topological transitions (further away from

|
Δ

/

t

|

=
1

) but also near the unmodulated limit of

Δ
=
0

. Moreover, localization of the bulk states is observed at the maximally dimerized limit of

|
Δ

/

t

|

=
1

, which increases further with γ. These dissipative features can offer additional tunability in modulating the gain-loss contrast in optical systems or in designing various quantum information processing and storage devices.