bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Correlation of Internet Addiction and Interpersonal Relationship: A Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Hao Qinghong , Peng Wei , Wang Jun , Tu Yang , Qiu Mimi , Chen Yalin , Wang Yang , Zhu Tianmin 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Internet addiction has become a very serious social phenomenon. With the popularity of the internet, more and more people are addicted to the virtual network and ignore the real interpersonal communication. This has a lot of adverse effects on the healthy growth of teenagers. Thus, this systematic review and meta-analysis will access the problems existing in the interpersonal relationship of internet addiction and clarify the correlation between internet addiction and interpersonal disturbance.Method: We will search the following databases: PubMed, Embase, Medline, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), Wan Fang and China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP). All observational studies will be included. Study quality will be assessed by the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. We will use Review Manager 5.3 software for bias risk assessment and data synthesis. We will assess the between-study heterogeneity using I2 statistics. Discussion: We will synthesize the existing research to evaluate the correlation between internet addiction and interpersonal relationship of adolescents. This review will provide new ideas for the further intervention of Internet addiction to some extent.Systematic review registration: PROSPERO International prospective register of systematic reviews: CRD42020177294
A metabolomics-binding network pharmacology study of Zuojin Pill intervention in chronic atrophic gastritis induced by Helicobacter pylori
Authors: Wu Shihua , Chen Xing , Liu Honghong , Wang Ruilin , Li Jianyu , Wen Jianxia , Yang Tao , Wei Ying , Ren Sichen , Wei Shizhang , Jing Manyi , Li Haotian , Wang Min , Xia Houlin , Zhao Yanling 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background Zuojin Pill (ZJP) is widely used for the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases, while its specific mechanism has not been systematically investigated. The aim of this study was to explore the mechanism of intervention of ZJP in chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) through metabolomics combined with network pharmacology.Materials and methods Potential metabolites and possible pathways for ZJP treatment of CAG were explored using a UPLC-Q-TOF/MS-based metabolomics technique. The key targeting mechanism of ZJP for CAG was explored by combining the analysis with network pharmacology.Results ZJP significantly reduced serum levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10 and iNOS, and improved pathological characteristics. Metabolomic results indicated that the therapeutic effect of ZJP was mainly related to ten metabolites, including choline, L-threonine, hydroxypyruvic acid, creatine, taurine, succinic acid, cis-aconitic acid, citric acid, succinic acid semialdehyde and uric acid. Pathway analysis showed that the treatment of CAG by ZJP was associated with taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism, glycine, serine and threonine metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, citrate cycle (TCA cycle), alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, butanoate metabolism and purine metabolism. Validation of potential metabolic markers and key targets of network pharmacology by RT-PCR analysis showed that ZJP significantly down-regulated a series of inflammatory markers, such as MAPK1, PKIA, RB1, SCN5A, RXRA, E2F1, PTGS1, IGF2, ADRB1, ADRA1B, PTGS2, and GABRA1.Conclusion For the first time, a combination of metabolomics and network pharmacology has been used to clarify the therapeutic effects of ZJP on CAG and its relationship to the regulation of multiple metabolic pathways.
Preoperative C-reactive Protein as a Prognostic Factor in Stage IV Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Kondo Hiroka , Hirano Yasumitsu , Ishii Toshimasa , Ishikawa Shintaro , Fujii Takatsugu , Asari Masahiro , Kataoka Atsuko , Kataoka Masahiro , Shimamura Satoshi , Yamaguchi Shigeki 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: A prognosis for stage IV colorectal cancer is generally poor. As a result, the development of an appropriate treatment strategy for each individual with this disease within a limited time frame is important. In various malignancies, preoperative high C-reactive protein (CRP) levels may be a possible poor prognostic factor. However, few studies have been made of CRP in stage IV cases of colorectal cancer so it is unclear whether CRP is a useful prognostic marker for this disease. Thus, the purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship between the preoperative CRP level and the prognosis of stage IV colorectal cancer.Patients and methods: Between April 2007 and December 2015, 384 patients with stage IV colorectal cancer who underwent primary resection were included. Patients were divided into high (HCG) and low (LCG) CRP groups based on a preoperative CRP cut-off value of ³1.0 mg/dL. Postoperative short- and long-term results were examined retrospectively.Results: Preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels were higher in HCG; the number of R0 surgical resections of distant metastases was smaller. The 5-year survival rate was 24.6% for HCG and 36.7% for LCG, indicating the survival rate for HCG was lower. A multivariate analysis of factors affecting survival rates identified CRP >1.0, histopathological type, positive venous infiltration, and R0 inoperability as risk factors. The rate of R0 resection was higher in LCG. Concerning R0 resection patients, differences between HCG and LCG with regard to background factors, including preoperative CEA levels, were not found. In terms of long-term survival, a significant difference in overall survival between the two groups was not observed. The study was limited to patients who were unable to undergo R0 surgery. Preoperative CEA levels were higher in HCG while the postoperative chemotherapy induction rate was lower. HCG also showed a significantly lower survival rate than LCG. Multivariate analysis showed that CRP levels above 1.0 mg/dL, poorly differentiated histopathology, and the absence of chemotherapy were risk factors affecting overall survival.Conclusion: These results suggest that the preoperative CRP level may be a useful biomarker for the prognosis of incurable stage IV colorectal cancer.
Perioperative Risk Factors of Psychological Distress in Patients Undergoing Treatment for Esophageal Cancer
Authors: Ohkura Yu , Shindoh Junichi , Ichikura Kanako , Udagawa Harushi , Ueno Masaki , Matsushima Eisuke 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background:Esophageal cancer patients often feel depressed and are fearful of metastasis and death. The objective of this study was to clarify the characteristics of patients with psychological distress at all 5time points compared with patients with no psychological distress especially from standpoints of personal coping styles and QOL.Methods:In total, 102 of 152 consecutive patients who attended the outpatient clinic at Toranomon Hospital between April 2017 and April 2019 met eligibility criteria for inclusion in this study. Questionnaires designed to identify psychological distress(HADS-scores) and assess QOL(EORTC QLQ C-30/OES18) were administered at 5 time points from the time of the first outpatient consultation to 3 months after esophagectomy. The questionnaire of coping strategies(MAC-scales) was administered at only Time1 point.Results:Based on the trends of HADS-scores, we defined two groups:“persistent high-HAD scores” and “persistent low-HADS scores”. There are strong relationships between psychological distress and coping strategy, and psychological distress and QOL. The possibility that there are relationships between stress coping strategies and some QOL status depending on some point of treatment.Conclusions:The psychological distress during treatment course of esophageal cancer is significantly associated with the coping strategies and QOL influenced by esophagectomy. This study can provide baseline information for identifying patients in need of psychological management and paves the way for larger clinical studies in the future.
Association of Hypertension and Hypertriglyceridemia on Incident Hyperuricemia: An 8-year Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Zhang Yuan , Zhang Miaomiao , Yu Xiawen , Wei Fengjiang , Chen Chen , Zhang Kai , Feng Shuzhi , Wang Yaogang , Li Wei-Dong 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
BackgroundHypertension and high triglyceride are two of the most important risk factors for hyperuricemia. Epidemiological records show that hypertension and dyslipidemia often coexist and may significantly increase the risk of target organ damage. However, their combined effect on incident hyperuricemia is poorly understood. Thus, we aimed to investigate the separate and combined effect of hypertension and hypertriglyceridemia on the incidence of hyperuricemia.MethodsA prospective cohort study of 6424 hyperuricemia-free participants aged 20 to 94 years between August 2009 and October 2017 was performed at Tianjin General Hospital of China. Participants were categorized into four groups by combining hypertension and hypertriglyceridemia status at baseline. The restricted cubic spline fitting Cox regression model was used to evaluate the relationship between blood pressure and triglyceride and hyperuricemia. Cox regression models were performed to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confident intervals (CIs) to estimate baseline factors and their association with the incidence of hyperuricemia. A Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was performed to compare the incidence of hyperuricemia among subjects in each separate and combined hypertension and hypertriglyceridemia group.ResultsDuring the 8-year follow-up period, 1,259 subjects developed hyperuricemia (20.6%). There existed positive relationships between blood pressure and triglyceride levels and hyperuricemia. This risk factor arising from a combination of the two (HR, 3.02; 95% CI: 2.60-3.50) is greater than that from hypertension (HR, 1.48; 95% CI: 1.28-1.71) or hypertriglyceridemia (HR, 1.84; 95% CI: 1.55-2.18) separately. The Kaplan–Meier survival analysis indicated that combined effect of hypertension and hypertriglyceridemia may predict higher onset of hyperuricemia.ConclusionThe combined effect of hypertension and hypertriglyceridemia on the risk of hyperuricemia is much stronger than that by hypertension or hypertriglyceridemia separately. Hypertension combined with hypertriglyceridemia may be an independent and powerful predictor for hyperuricemia.
In silico analysis of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase of the SARS-CoV-2 and potentiality of the pre-existing drugs
Authors: Mukhoty Samyabrata , Sen Madhab Kumar , Ghosh Subhajit , Kundu Himangsu , Das Suvankar , Mondal Sunil Kanti 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: The alarming increase in the number of SARS-CoV-2 cases worldwide, urgently demands far-reaching effective strategies to win the battle against emerging as well as re-emerging diseases. Many research laboratories are conducting clinical trials with different drugs, among which some became quite interestingly effective against this pandemic. Our aim is to investigate the potentiality of the pre-existing drugs and get a clear understanding of their effects on RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) of the SARS-CoV-2. Methods: Multiple sequence alignment (MSA) alogwith molecular phylogeny analysis were performed using homologous sequences to identify the mutations within RdRp and evolutionary relationship. Based on the published literatures, we have chosen eight drug molecules like Ribavirin, Tenofovir, Sofosbuvir, IDX-184, YAK, Setrobuvir, Remdesivir and Galidesivir. Series of molecular docking studies between template RNA and RdRp of SARS-CoV-2 has been performed in absence or presence of those drugs and cofactors nsp7 and nsp8.Results: From MSA 13 exclusive mutations identified within RdRp of SARS-CoV-2 and phylogeny reveals its close relation with Bat coronavirus RaTG13. The interaction affinities and interacting residues as obtained from systematic molecular docking study led to a conclusion that the chosen drugs can prove to be effective against this pandemic partially. Conclusion: Therefore, designing of inhibitors which will specifically act against nsp12 and lower the binding affinity of nsp12 towards RNA template is necessary. In this article we additionally focus on the nsp7-8 hexadecameric complex and had suggested a list of amino acid residues of nsp12 and nsp7-8 complex to develop far-reaching effective drugs.
Physiological Effects of the Electrogenic Current Generated by the Na /K Pump in Mammalian Articular Chondrocytes
Authors: Maleckar Mary M , Martín-Vasallo Pablo , Giles Wayne R , Mobasheri Ali 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Although the chondrocyte is a non-excitable cell, there is strong interest in gaining detailed knowledge of its ion pumps, channels, exchangers and transporters. In combination, these transport mechanisms set the resting potential, regulate cell volume and strongly modulate responses of the chondrocyte to endocrine agents and physicochemical alterations in the surrounding extracellular micro-environment.Materials and Methods: Mathematical modeling was used to assess the functional roles of energy-requiring active transport, the Na+/K+ pump, in chondrocytes.Results: Our findings illustrate plausible physiological roles for the Na+/K+ pump in regulating the resting membrane potential and suggest ways in which specific molecular components of pump can respond to the unique electrochemical environment of the chondrocyte.Conclusion: This analysis provides a basis for linking chondrocyte electrophysiology to metabolism and yields insights into novel ways of manipulating or regulating responsiveness to external stimuli both under baseline conditions and in chronic diseases such as osteoarthritis (OA).
H2V, a Database for Human Proteins and Genes in Response to SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV Infection
Authors: Zhou Nan , Bao Jinku , Ning Yuping 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic in the world is caused by SARS-CoV-2, a new coronavirus firstly discovered in the end of 2019. It has led to more than 10 million confirmed cases and more than 500,000 confirmed deaths across 216 countries by 1 July 2020, according to WHO statistics. SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV are alike, killing people, impairing economy, and inflicting long-term impacts on the society. However, no specific drug or vaccine has been approved as a cure for these viruses. The efforts to develop antiviral measures are hampered by insufficient understanding of molecular responses of human to viral infections. In this study, we collected experimentally validated human proteins that interact with SARS-CoV-2 proteins, human proteins whose expression, translation and phosphorylation levels experience significantly changes after SARS-CoV-2 or SARS-CoV infection, human proteins that correlate with COVID-19 severity, and human genes whose expression levels significantly changed upon SARS-CoV-2 or MERS-CoV infection. A database, H2V, was then developed for easy access to these data. Currently H2V includes: 332 human-SARS-CoV-2 protein-protein interactions; 65 differentially expressed proteins, 232 differentially translated proteins, 1298 differentially phosphorylated proteins, 204 severity associated proteins, and 4012 differentially expressed genes responding to SARS-CoV-2 infection; 66 differentially expressed proteins responding to SARS-CoV infection; and 6981 differentially expressed genes responding to MERS-CoV infection. H2V can help to understand the cellular responses associated with SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV infection. It is expected to speed up the development of antiviral agents and shed light on the preparation for potential coronavirus emergency in the future.Database url: http://www.zhounan.org/h2v
Full-Fat Insect Meal as a Protein and Energy Source for Weaned Piglets: Effects on Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, Gastrointestinal Function and Microbiota
Authors: Håkenåsen Ingrid Marie , Grepperud Guro Holseth , Hansen Jon Øvrum , Øverland Margareth , Ånestad Ragnhild Martinsen , Mydland Liv Torunn 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Weaning is associated with growth decline and morphological changes in the gastrointestinal tract of the pig. Insects, such as the Black soldier fly larvae (BSFL), are suggested as a sustainable novel protein source in diets for pigs. They contain chitin, medium chained fatty acids, and anti-microbial peptides, which could improve the gastrointestinal function and health in the post-weaning pig. The objective of this study was therefore to investigate the effect of increasing inclusion of full-fat BSFL in diets for post-weaning pigs on growth performance parameters, digestibility, gut morphology, and the microbial community in the colon. Eighty crossbred weanling pigs were weaned at approximately 32 days of age, with an average weaning weight of 10.6 ± 0.8 kg. For four weeks, the pigs were fed one of four dietary treatments: a control diet or one of three diets containing an increasing amount of full-fat BSFL meal: 4.76% (BSFL5), 9.52% (BSFL10), and 19.06% (BSFL20). Results: Increased level of full-fat BSFL in the diet did not affect growth performance or fecal consistency. A reduction in apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of crude protein (P = 0.035) was found for increased inclusion of BSFL, whereas the ATTD of crude fat increased (P<0.001). Jejunal, ileal, or colonic morphometry was not affected by the BSFL inclusion. Some changes in the colon microbiota were observed, but no differences in the short-chain fatty acid concentrations were detected between the dietary treatments. At the phylum level, dietary treatment affected the relative abundance of Bacteroidota, Firmicutes, Campilobacteria, and Thermoplasmatota, but there was no clear pattern relationship with the BSFL inclusion level. At the genus level, the inclusion of BSFL in the diet reduced the relative abundance of Lactobacillus (P = 0.015) compared to the control. Conclusions: Collectively, the results indicate that up to 19.06% of full-fat BSFL meal could be included in a balanced diet for PW pigs without affecting growth performance, gut function, or health.
Frost Technique H versus Technique V in Anesthetic Block of the First Toe: A Comparative Study.
Authors: Sanchez Sergi , Giralt Enric 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
BlackgroundThis study aims to compare 2 methods of anesthetic block in the first toe in patients with onychocryptosis.MethodsA total of 70 ingrown toenails of the first toe in 59 patients underwent a digital anesthetic block using the V technique, while 70 ingrown toenails of the first toe in 57 patients underwent a digital anesthetic block using the H technique. As study variables, the effectiveness of the anesthetic block of the first toe was evaluated at 10 and 20 minutes after each of the techniques.ResultsAn anesthetic block efficacy of 58.6% was observed at 10 minutes and 85.7% at 20 minutes in group V technique, while technique H observed efficacy at 10 minutes. 51.4% and 72.9% and at 20 minutes.ConclusionsTechnique V appears to be superior to technique H by 7.2% at 10 minutes and 12.8% at 20 minutes after anesthetic block.Trial registrationsEthical approval was obtained from the ethical committee of the University of Barcelona with the registration number IRB00003099 and the Ethical Committee for Research with Medicines from the Hospital Clínico de Barcelona with the number HCB / 2019/0051. All patients signed informed consents.
COVIDScreen: Explainable deep learning framework for differential diagnosis of COVID-19 using chest X-Rays
Authors: Singh Rajeev Kumar , Pandey Rohan , Babu Rishie Nandhan 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
COVID-19 has emerged as a global crisis with unprecedented socio-economic challenges, jeopardizing our lives and livelihoods for years to come. The unavailability of vaccines for COVID-19 has rendered rapid testing of the population instrumental in order to contain the exponential rise in cases of infection. Shortage of RT-PCR test kits and delay in obtaining test results calls for alternative methods of rapid and reliable diagnosis. In this article, we propose a novel Deep Learning based solution to rapidly classify COVID -19 patient using chest X-Ray. The proposed solution uses image enhancement, image segmentation and employs a modified stacked ensemble model consisting of four CNN base-learners along with Naive Bayes as meta-learner to classify Chest X-Ray into three classes viz. COVID-19, Pneumonia and Normal. An effective pruning strategy as introduced in the proposed framework results in increased model performance, generalisability, and decreased model complexity. We incorporate explainability in our article by using Grad-CAM visualisation in order to establish trust in the medical AI system. Furthermore, we evaluate multiple state of the art GAN architectures and their ability to generate realistic synthetic samples of COVID-19 chest X-Rays to deal with limited numbers of training samples. The proposed solution significantly outperforms existing methods, with 98.67\% accuracy, 0.98 Kappa score, and F-1 scores of 100, 98, and 98 for COVID-19, Normal, and Pneumonia classes respectively on standard datasets. The proposed solution can be used as one element of patient evaluation along with gold standard clinical and laboratory testing.
Raman spectroscopy study of manganese oxides: Layer structures
Authors: Post Jeffrey E. , McKeown David A. , Heaney Peter J. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Raman spectra were collected for an extensive set of well-characterized layer-structure Mn oxide mineral species (phyllomanganates) employing a range of data collection conditions. We show that the application of various laser wavelengths, such as 785, 633, and 532 nm, at low power levels (30–500 μW) in conjunction with the comprehensive database of standard spectra presented here, makes it possible to distinguish and identify the various phyllomanganate minerals. The Raman mode relative intensities can vary significantly as a function of crystal orientation relative to the incident laser light polarization direction as well as incident laser light wavelength. Consequently, phase identification success is enhanced when using a standards database that includes multiple spectra collected for different crystal orientations and with different laser light wavelengths. The position of the highest frequency Raman mode near 630–665 cm–1 shows a strong linear correlation with the fraction of Mn3+ in the octahedral Mn sites. With the comprehensive Raman database of well-characterized Mn oxide standards provided here (and available online as Online Material1), and use of appropriate data collection conditions, micro-Raman is a powerful tool for identification and characterization of biotic and abiotic Mn oxide phases from diverse natural settings, including on other planets, as well as for laboratory and industrial materials.