bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Screening for potential familial hypercholesterolaemia in general practice: an observational study on prevalence and management
Authors: Mülverstedt Stefan , Hildebrandt Per Rossen , Prescott Eva , Heitmann Merete 
Published: November 2020

BackgroundFamilial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) is a common genetic disorder causing premature cardiovascular disease (CVD). The estimated prevalence of probable or definite FH is 1:200–250 individuals, according to the Dutch Lipid Clinic Network (DLCN) criteria for FH. In Denmark approximately 12% of cases are identified.AimTo provide knowledge of the prevalence and management of FH in general practice.Design & settingA collaboration between six general practice clinics and the department of cardiology at Bispebjerg hospital in Denmark.MethodA total of 9652 patient records were screened for hypercholesterolaemia. All patients with a low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) ≥5.0 mmol/l were included in the study population and their records were investigated in order to perform a diagnostic score according to the DLCN criteria.ResultsIt was found that 2382 individuals had a lipid measurement available, and 236 of those had an LDL-C ≥5.0 mmol/l. In total, 34 individuals were found to have probable or definite FH (DLCN score ≥5). Only three individuals had been diagnosed and treated with lipid-lowering therapy. Of 236 individuals with high LDL-C, only 25 individuals met their treatment target. By excluding patients with signs of secondary hypercholesterolaemia, a subgroup of 115 individuals with potential primary hypercholesterolaemia was established. Among those, 21 individuals were found to have probable or definite FH (1:114 individuals).ConclusionThe study shows that there is a massive lack of recognition of FH in general practice. Despite a measured high LDL-C, the diagnosis is rarely made and only a few patients are treated accordingly. Of the patients undergoing treatment, only a few reached their treatment target.
HAMBATAN DALAM PEMBUKTIAN BUKTI ELEKTRONIK DI PERSIDANGAN
Authors: Januar Wilyana Rezy , Budi Santoso Imam , Senjaya Oci 
Published: November 2020

Abstrak: Pembuktian di dalam persidangan digunakan untuk membuktikan perbuatan seseorang apakah benar seseorang tersebut melakukan suatu tindak pidana atau tidak. Kemajuan teknologi membuat perkembangan terhadap tindak pidana, seperti cyber crime , menggunakan media komunikasi dan komputer, kendati berada di dunia maya tetapi memiliki dampak nyata dalam menjalankan suatu perbuatan hukum. Pengaturan alat bukti elektronik diatur dalam Undang-undang Nomor 19 tahun 2016 Tentang Perubahan atas Undang-undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 Tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Eletronik, Namun aturan tersebut belum menuntaskan suatu tindak pidana elektronik, sebagai alat bukti belum tercantum dalam Kitab Undang-undang Hukum Acara Pidana yang merupakan payung hukum utama dalam pidana, sehingga masih beragam penafsiran aparat penegak hukum terhadap bukti elektronik. Dalam sistem pembuktian di Indonesia diatur dalam pasal 184 Kitab Undang-undang Hukum Acara Pidana. Dalam ketentuan pengaturan ini tidak diatur bukti elektronik sebagai alat bukti yang sah. Pengaturan alat bukti elektronik sebagai alat bukti yang sah dalam persidangan di indonesia diatur di dalam Pasal 5 Undang-undang Nomor 19 tahun 2016 Tentang Perubahan atas Undang-undang Nomor 11 tahun 2008 Tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik. Kedudukan alat bukti elektronik sebagai mana dimaksud dalam pasal 5 Undang-undang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik adalah sebagai Alat bukti yang sah. Dalam Pembuktian bukti elektronik dalam persidangan sudah banyak dilakukan dalam memutus berbagai perkara yang manyangkut dengan tindak pidana Cybercrime yang semakin marak di Indonesia. Dalam pembuktian alat bukti elektronik diperlukannya Saksi Ahli untuk menerangkan Bukti elektronik yang dihadirkan di dalam persidangan. Saksi Ahli harus menyimpulkan bukti elektronik tersebut dengan berbagai pertimbangan agar terbukti dengan benar bahwa suatu tindak pidana benar telah dilakukan oleh seseorang.
Kata Kunci: Pembuktian, Tindak Pidana, Bukti Elektronik, Saksi Ahli
PARTISIPASI PERUSAHAAN DALAM PROGRAM BPJAMSOSTEK DAN PENEGAKAN HUKUMNYA
Authors: Hakim Umar Khaerul , Budi Santoso Imam , Satya Putra Pamungkas 
Published: November 2020

Pekerja/buruh berhak untuk mendapatkan hak yang di berikan oleh perusahaan diatur dalam peraturan yang berlaku, khususnya jaminan sosial tenaga kerja. Perusahaan merupakan subyek hukum yang wajib berpartisipasi dalam program pemerintah Bpjamsostek (Badan penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial). Jika perusahaan tidak mengindahkan peraturan maka dapat dikenakan sanksi. Maka dari itu penulis bertujuan mendalami terkait sanksi bagi perusahaan yang tidak ber- partisipasi terhadap program Bpjamsostek dan menelaah tentang pengenaan sanksi terhadap perusahaan yang tidak mendaftarkan pekerjanya kepada Bpjamsostek. Penulis menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif yaitu pendekatan penelitian dengan cara meneliti dan mengkaji obyek penelitian melalui asas hukum, perundang-undangan untuk lebih mempertajam analisis data penelitian dalam melakukan penulisan ini. Hasil daripada penelitian ini adalah pertama, sanksi diberikan kepada perusahaan yang tidak mengikutsertakan pekerja dalam program Bpjamsostek dan kedua, mengetahui terkait sanksi bagi perusahaan yang tidak berpartisipasi kepada Bpjamsostek itu sendiri.
PERTIMBANGAN HAKIM TERHADAP PUTUSAN PENINJAUAN KEMBALI ATAS TINDAK PIDANA PEMBUNUHAN YANG DILAKUKAN ANAK DI BAWAH UMUR
Authors: Qibtiyah Devita Nur Muzdhalifatul , Idjuddin Solihin Uu , Senjaya Oci 
Published: November 2020

Perlindungan anak merupakan kegiatan untuk menjamin anak dan melindungi hak-haknya agar dapat terus hidup, tumbuh dan berkembang sesuai dengan harkat dan martabat kemanusiaan serta mendapatkan perlindungan dari segala bentuk tindak kejahatan dan diskriminasi. Anak kerap kali menjadi korban, namun tak jarang pula menjadi pelaku tindak kejahatan. Dalam menjalankan penegakan hukum tak jarang terdapat kekeliruan yang dilakukan penegak hukum. Kesalahan ataupun kekeliruan dalam penyelenggaraan sistem peradilan pidana baik kesalahan yang bermula dari penyidikan oleh polisi dan kejaksaan sebagai Lembaga penyidik maupun kesalahan hakim dalam memutus suatu perkara, dapat dipulihkan kembali dengan upaya hukum luar biasa yaitu Peninjauan Kembali.
Pendekatan penelitian yang dipakai ialah metode pendekatan yuridis normatif yaitu suatu penelitian yang menekankan pada peraturan-peraturan hukum yang berlaku serta dalam hal ini penelitian dilakukan dengan berawal dari penelitian terhadap teori-teori, konsep-konsep, asas-asas hukum serta peraturan perundang-undangan yang berhubungan dengan penelitian.
Pengaturan tentang prosedur melakukan peninjauan kembali diatur dalam Pasal 264 sampai dengan pasal 267 KUHAP, dan Faktor-faktor dikabulkannya permohonan peninjauan kembali yang diajukan para pemohon peninjauan kembali adalah apabila adanya keadaan baru (novum), adanya putusan yang bertentangan dan adanya kekeliruan atau kekhilafan hakim, serta dalam memutusa suatu perkara hakim harus mempertimbangkan segala aspek yang bersifat yuridis, filosofis, dan sosiologis.
APRESENTAÇÃO
Authors: Passos Rodrigo Duarte Fernandes dos , Farias Ana Carolina Monéia 
Published: November 2020

O volume desta publicação que o leitor acessa é inteiramente dedicado às Relações Internacionais.
O primeiro artigo, de autoria de Fernanda Reis da Rosa e Níkolas Carneiro dos Santos, versa sobre um levantamento das instituições e projetos de desenvolvimento no âmbito do Mercosul.
O segundo texto, de Raony Palicer, aborda a inserção internacional dos pequenos Estados da Oceania e as configurações hegemônicas nele presentes.
A terceira publicação contempla análise de Júlio César Bellatine Joris de Oliveira sobre a trajetória dos treze primeiros anos dos BRICS, bem como os desafios dos Estados constituintes individual e coletivamente.
A quarta reflexão, de lavra de Claudia Santos, trata do tratamento da mulher como sujeito histórico no século XXI por organizações internacionais, notadamente a ONU e a ação da mulher no conflito Árabe-Israelense.
Por fim, mas não menos relevante, a contribuição de Gustavo Jordan Ferreira Alves recai sobre a problemática da segurança alimentar na Amazônia e agricultura familiar como uma destas realidades contraditórias em relação a sua reconhecida riqueza natural, enfatizando os desafios enfrentados na região.
Cultura Moçambicana versus universalismo europeu: silenciamento cultural das Áfricas
Authors: Trentin Fernanda Laranjeira , Nascimento Gizele Medeiros do 
Published: November 2020

O artigo procura suscitar, em primeiro momento, um panorama do processo histórico no qual estiveram inseridas as Áfricas³ por conta de sua intensa exploração e espoliação; e, em um segundo instante, através da obra literária de Paulina Chiziane, uma reflexão sobre o que foi e ainda é a violência bélica e cultural singular cometida ao povo e as culturas da região de Moçambique. A trama do romance Ventos do Apocalipse de Chiziane contribui como testemunho histórico para romper o ofuscamento das tradições africanas, na medida em que traz como característica estrutural da obra os conhecimentos mitológicos do povo de Moçambique transmitidos através da oralidade, ao mesmo tempo em que reflete as intransigências europeias, pela dominação, exploração e disputas externas, neste seio de colonização específico.
PROBLEMS OF DIAGNOSTICS AND CONTROL OF THE POWER UNIT OPERATING MODES AT JS “KRASNOYARSKAYA GRES-2”, ZELENOGORSK
Authors: Иконников О.А. , Агафонов Е.Д. , Познякова В.Ю. 
Published: November 2020

В статье приводятся аспекты деятельности, связанные с диагностикой состояния оборудования с точки зрения его эксплуатации и диагностикой состояния технологического процесса с точки зрения режимов его протекания. Также изложен подход к синтезу непараметрического регулятора.
The article presents the aspects of the activity related to the diagnostics of the equipment condition from the point of view of its operation and diagnostics of the state of the technological process from the point of view of its flow modes. The article describes an approach to the synthesis of a non-parametric controller.
TO THE PROBLEM OF DEVELOPING A SECURITY MODEL ON THE BASIS OF INTELLECTUAL AGENTS IN THE CORPORATE INFORMATION SYSTEM
Authors: Куцакин М.А. , Лапко А.Н. , Миронов О.Ю. , Карамыхова О.В. 
Published: November 2020

В статье предложена модель безопасности информационной системы с использованием многоагентной технологии. Проанализированы основные проблемы информационной безопасности корпоративных систем, представлены направления для реализации механизмов аутентификации пользователя.
The article proposes a security model for an information system using multi-agent technology. The main problems of information security of corporate systems are analyzed, directions for the implementation of user authentication mechanisms are presented.
Subitizing object parts reveals a second stage of individuation
Authors: Poncet Marlene , Chakravarthi Ramakrishna 
Published: November 2020

AbstractHumans can efficiently individuate a small number of objects. This subitizing ability is thought to be a consequence of limited attentional resources. However, how and what is selected during the individuation process remain outstanding questions. We investigated these in four experiments by examining if parts of objects are enumerated as efficiently as distinct objects in the presence and absence of distractor objects. We found that distractor presence reduced subitizing efficiency. Crucially, parts connected to multiple objects were enumerated less efficiently than independent objects or parts connected to a single object. These results argue against direct individuation of parts and show that objecthood plays a fundamental role in individuation. Objects are selected first and their components are selected in subsequent steps. This reveals that individuation operates sequentially over multiple levels.
TESS Science Processing Operations Center FFI Target List Products
Authors: Caldwell Douglas A. , Tenenbaum Peter , Twicken Joseph D. , Jenkins Jon M. , Ting Eric , Smith Jeffrey C. , Hedges Christina , Fausnaugh Michael M. , Rose Mark , Burke Christopher 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
We report the delivery to the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes of target pixel and light curve files for up to 160,000 targets selected from full-frame images (FFI) for each TESS Northern hemisphere observing sector. The data include calibrated target pixels, simple aperture photometry flux time series, and presearch data conditioning corrected flux time series. These data provide TESS users with high quality, uniform pipeline products for a selection of FFI targets, that would otherwise not be readily available. Additionally, we deliver cotrending basis vectors derived from the FFI targets to allow users to perform their own systematic error corrections. The selected targets include all 2 minute targets and additional targets selected from the TESS Input Catalog with a maximum of 10,000 targets per sector on each of the sixteen TESS CCDs. The data products are in the same format as the project-delivered files for the TESS 2 minute targets.
Neuroprotective Effect of L-carnitine. Focus on Changing Mitochondrial Function
Authors: Voronkov Andrey V. , Pozdnyakov Dmitry I. 
Published: November 2020

Introduction: In this study, the neuroprotective effect of L-carnitine administered per os in a dose of 25 mg/kg – 800 mg/kg was evaluated. The effects of L-carnitine on changes in mitochondrial function were also studied.
Materials and Methods: The neuroprotective effect and mitochondrial function were evaluated in a model of perma­nent focal ischemia in Wistar-line rats. L-carnitine was administered to rats orally for 72 hours from the moment of modeling ischemia. On the 4th day after the ischemia simulation, the change in the respiratory function of the mito­chondria, the opening time of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore, the mitochondrial membrane potential, the concentration of intracellular calcium and the size of the cerebral necrosis zone were determined in rats’ brain supernatant.
Results: As a result, it was found that the administration of L-carnitine contributed to the restoration of mitochondrial function and a decrease in the size of the brain necrosis zone. At the same time, the administration of L-carnitine in low doses (25 mg/kg – 100 mg/kg) did not have a significant effect on the change in the concentration of intracellular calcium. It should be noted that an increase in the dose of L-carnitine from 200 mg/kg to 800 mg/kg was not accom­panied by a significant increase in the therapeutic effect.
Discussion: L-carnitine is one of the key biomolecules that directly affect metabolic processes. It is known that L-car­nitine acts as a ”shuttle” for long-chain fatty acids and thus can affect the alteration of mitochondrial function. Howev­er, the detailed nature of the mitochondriotropic action of L-carnitine has not been yet established. This was the focus of this study, which showed that the mitochondrion-oriented effect of L-carnitine is dose-dependent and expressed in the form of restoring the respiratory function of mitochondria, restoring the mitochondrial potential and increasing the latent opening time of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore, reducing the level of intracellular calcium.
Conclusion: The study allowed us to expand our understanding of the L-carnitine neuroprotective effect and the effect of this compound on changes in mitochondrial function.
Graphical abstract:
Pratiques éducatives parentales et premières compétences en numératie des enfants d’âge préscolaire selon le niveau socio-économique et culturel des familles
Authors: Poncelet Débora , de Chambrier Anne-Françoise , Tinnes-Vigne Mélanie , Baye Ariane , Tazouti Youssef , Dierendonck Christophe 
Published: November 2020

Les compétences en numératie des jeunes élèves sont prédictives de leur réussite scolaire et socio-professionnelle ultérieure, et les élèves qui entrent à l’école primaire avec de faibles connaissances sur le nombre ont tendance à rester en retard mathématique par rapport à leurs pairs plus tard dans leur scolarité. Les données disponibles montrent que les premières compétences numériques sont influencées par le background familial ainsi que par les pratiques familiales en matière de numératie. Toutefois, les études ayant cherché à comprendre précisément ces liens sont peu nombreuses. Au départ de données luxembourgeoises, suisses, belges et françaises sur les compétences numériques de 644 enfants de 4 à 6 ans et de 388 questionnaires parentaux, la présente étude vise à mieux identifier les pratiques éducatives parentales et les caractéristiques du background familial qui sont associées aux compétences en numératie des jeunes enfants. D’une part, les résultats mettent en évidence que la fréquence des activités informelles à domicile semble propice au développement des premières compétences mathématiques, et ce quel que soient l’âge des enfants et le niveau socio-économique et culturel des parents. D’autre part, il ressort que les parents cherchent à se rapprocher de l’école lorsque leur enfant présente des difficultés d’apprentissage en mathématiques. Les implications de ces différents constats sont discutées en termes d’interventions scolaires possibles.
Autonomie et design
Authors: Escobar Arturo 
Published: November 2020

La crise que nous traversons aujourd’hui n’est pas uniquement la crise d’un modèle économique, pas plus qu’elle ne peut être attribuée à l’humanité dans sa totalité. Elle est bien plutôt la crise du modèle de civilisation imposé par la modernité/colonialité/capitaliste/patriarcale occidentale. C’est ce constat effectué par des activistes amérindiens, afrodescendants et paysans, et de plus en plus explicitement élaboré par la pensée critique du continent, que le livre d’Arturo Escobar prend comme point de départ afin de proposer des alternatives à un mode de vie qui s'est révélé non soutenable et intrinsèquement meurtrier.Grâce à un riche dialogue entre les senti-pensées des communautés amérindiennes et des afrodescendants d'une part, et les théories appartenant à des disciplines hétérogènes telles que la philosophie, l'écologie politique, la théorie féministe et la biologie d'autre part, A. Escobar examine dans ce livre les potentialités du design pour la transition vers des modes de vie basés sur l'interdépendance radicale entre tous les êtres (humains et non humains), la réciprocité et l'autonomie des peuples. Pour ce faire, l'auteur adopte un double point de départ : premièrement, le postulat théorique selon lequel le design est ontologique, puisque chaque objet ou service qu'il crée produit des façons particulières d'être et de faire ; deuxièmement, l’observation de l’ubiquité du design dans nos sociétés modernes. Compte tenu des origines capitalistes, fonctionnalistes et rationalistes du design, pourrait-il être réorienté pour fonctionner non pas en faveur de l'accumulation de capital qui nécessite l'infériorisation de l'Autre, mais la reconstitution et la guérison du tissu de la vie ? Dans quelles conditions le design peut-il contribuer à la transition vers de nouveaux modes de vie où les êtres humains se sentent appartenir à la Terre et comprennent, comme dans la philosophie Ubuntu, que « je suis parce que nous sommes » ?
Inserimento della bioetica nei curricoli scolastici: i risultati dei un’indagine conoscitiva
Authors: Di Pietro Maria Luisa 
Published: November 2020

La riflessione sui temi di bioetica ha superato i confini della ricerca bioetica e dell’assistenza clinica, coinvolgendo sempre di più anche l’opinione pubblica. Questa, sollecitata e sconcertata dalle informazioni dei media, risponde con sentimenti controversi. Al di là, però, della notizia contingente, le problematiche bioetiche chiedono di essere affrontate con continuità e competenza e far parte di momenti di formazione anche delle nuove generazioni. Si tratta, in latri termini, di favorire una cultura bioetica o una educazione alla bioetica. Per questo anche la scuola, quale fondamentale agenzia educativa, è stata chiamata a fornire il suo contributo, attraverso il Protocollo d’intesa siglato nell’ottobre 1999 tra il Ministero della Pubblica Istruzione e il Comitato Nazionale per la Bioetica riguardo l’inserimento stabile della bioetica nelle scuole italiane.
Da queste premesse, l’Autore offre all’attenzione del lettore i risultati di una indagine conoscitiva svolta tra oltre mille insegnanti di scuole di ogni ordine e grado distribuite nel territorio nazionale, ricerca volta a rilevare le opinioni dei docenti sull’inserimento della bioetica nella scuola (motivazioni, programmi, orientamenti etici di riferimento, metodologie didattiche, ecc.).
tra gli altri risultati, l’indagine evidenzia che il 95% degli intervistati ritiene utile l’inserimento della bioetica nei curricoli scolastici a scopi formativi, mentre il 66% pensa che sia necessario indicare un orizzonte etico, orizzonte scelto in accordo con la famiglia (83%). Il 61%, infine ritiene che l’educazione alla bioetica vada fatta dagli insegnanti e che vada integrata con continuità nei curricoli scolastici.
La maternità surrogata – Riflessioni medico legali in tema di tutela dell’embrione, del nascituro, delle “due madri” e della dignità della persona umana
Authors: Albertazzi Gianluca , Vetrugno Giuseppe , Sacchini Dario 
Published: November 2020

Le moderne tecniche di fecondazione assistita ed in particolar modo la pratica della c.d. maternità surrogata, hanno, negli ultimi anni, determinato una serie di implicazioni morali, sociali e giuridiche che sono arrivate a coinvolgere non più soltanto il problema della paternità del figlio nato con procedimenti diversi da quelli naturali, ma anche quello della maternità.
Il 14 febbraio 2000 un Giudice del Tribunale di Roma XI Sez. Civile ha emesso un’ordinanza con la quale ha autorizzato un medico ginecologico, nonostante il divieto previsto dal Codice Deontologico, a trasferire gli embrioni crio-conservati, ottenuti mediante fusione dei gameti dei due coniugi nell’utero di un’altra donna che si è offerta spontaneamente e gratuitamente di portare a termine la gravidanza. Contro questo ordinanza, hanno presentato ricorso la Procura della Repubblica presso il Tribunale di Roma e la Federazione Nazionale degli Ordini dei Medici Chirurghi e Odontoiatri. Il 30 marzo, tuttavia, il Tribunale di Roma XI sezione Civile ha giudicato inammissibili i ricorsi, confermando di fatto l’efficacia dell’ordinanza.
Gli autori ripercorrono la vicenda giudiziaria per discutere la delicata problematica del fenomeno della surrogazione di utero, analizzando il contenuto dell’ordinanza e affrontando gli aspetti medico-legali, alla luce della dottrina, della giurisprudenza e della bioetica in materia, sia italiana che straniera.
Socio-Demographic Determinants Associated with Blastocystis Infection in Arequipa, Peru
Authors: Salazar-Sánchez Renzo S. , Ascuña-Durand Kasandra , Ballón-Echegaray Jorge , Vásquez-Huerta Victor , Martínez-Barrios Elí , Castillo-Neyra Ricardo 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACTBlastocystis is one of the most common protozoa in the human gut and a zoonotic organism related to unsanitary living conditions. This protozoon shows a broad distribution, unclear symptomatology, and undefined pathogenicity. In Peru, studies report the presence of Blastocystis in many regions, but the highest prevalence levels are reported in Arequipa. The aim of this study was to link Blastocystis infection with social determinants of health. We recruited and surveyed 232 infected and uninfected participants from houses with at least one Blastocystis-infected person. All samples were concentrated by spin concentration method in saline solution, examined by wet mount under light microscopy and confirmed with methylene-stained stool smear. We found a human Blastocystis prevalence of 51.3% in the study sample. We also found statistical associations between Blastocystis infection and peri-urban location in the city as well as the use of alternative non-domiciliary water supplies, suggesting these are risk factors for human Blastocystis infection.