bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A bundled intervention lowers surgical site infection in hysterectomy for benign and malignant indications
Authors: Guo Xiaoyue Mona , Runge Megan , Miller Deborah , Aaby David , Milad Magdy 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of a surgical site infection (SSI) prevention bundle on SSI rates after hysterectomy for benign and malignant indications at an urban academic medical center.MethodsThe bundled invention was implemented for all abdominal gynecologic surgeries at Prentice Women’s Hospital, Chicago, USA, from August 2016 to January 2017, and officially incorporated in department‐wide policy from February 1, 2017. SSI data were prospectively collected for any open, vaginal, laparoscopic, or robotic hysterectomy for benign or malignant indications performed from February 2017 to January 2018. A retrospective review of all hysterectomies performed from February 2015 to January 2016 was conducted to establish baseline pre‐bundle SSI data.ResultsAmong 532 hysterectomies performed post‐bundle implementation, there were two SSIs. By contrast, there were 14 SSIs among 515 hysterectomies in the same period before bundle implementation, representing a decrease in SSI rate from 2.7% to 0.4% (odds ratio, 7.41; 95% confidence interval, 1.67–32.75). The two SSIs in the post‐bundle period occurred in open hysterectomies, whereas 8 (57.1%) SSIs in the pre‐bundle period occurred in minimally invasive hysterectomies.ConclusionAn SSI prevention bundle was effective for reducing the SSI rate in hysterectomy for both benign and malignant indications.
Value of robotic surgery in endometrial cancer by body mass index
Authors: Gracia Myriam , García‐Santos Javier , Ramirez Mar , Bellón Mónica , Herraiz Miguel A. , Coronado Pluvio J. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo compare perioperative outcomes and complications in robotically assisted laparoscopy (RAL) and standard laparoscopy (SLP) approaches in the treatment of endometrial cancer by body mass index (BMI, calculated as weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters).MethodsA comparative study was carried out of women treated for endometrial cancer at the Hospital Clinico San Carlos from January 2012 to December 2016: 133 patients were operated by RAL and 101 by SLP. Demographic characteristics of the patients, perioperative outcomes and complications were compared in both approaches.ResultsHospital stay was significantly lower in patients with BMI ≤30 operated with RAL (2 days RAL vs 4 days SLP; P=0.002). Estimated blood loss was significantly lower in the group with BMI<25 (60 mL RAL vs 100 mL SLP; P=0.004) and in the group with BMI ≥30 (87.5 mL RAL vs 180 SLP; P=0.003) operated with RAL. RAL significantly reduced the conversion rate in patients with BMI ≥30 (2 [3.4%] patients RAL vs 6 [27.3%] patients SLP; P=0.004).ConclusionsRAL has demonstrated advantages in treating obese women with endometrial cancer by reducing blood loss and conversion to laparotomy.
Utility of plasma cell‐free DNA in metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer
Authors: Hamano Itsuto , Hatakeyama Shingo , Hamaya Tomoko , Togashi Kyo , Okamoto Teppei , Yamamoto Hayato , Yoneyama Tohru , Yoneyama Takahiro , Hashimoto Yasuhiro , Ohyama Chikara 
Published: June 2020

IntroductionCell‐free DNA is suggested as a prognostic biomarker in metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer. However, it remains unknown which parameter of cell‐free DNA is correlated with the progression and prognosis of metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer.Case presentationA 75‐year‐old man with newly diagnosed prostate cancer (serum prostate‐specific antigen 4891 ng/mL, Gleason score 4 + 5 = 9, cT3bN1M1) was referred to our department. He first received sequential hormonal therapies and was consequently diagnosed metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer 64 months after initial treatment. He underwent serial examinations of plasma cell‐free DNA, including concentration, androgen receptor amplification, TP53 point mutation, and PTEN loss. Only the cell‐free DNA concentration increased along with disease progression and declined after the administration of abiraterone and enzalutamide.ConclusionThis case presented that cell‐free DNA concentration was possibly correlated with response to castration‐resistant prostate cancer treatment and disease progression. Cell‐free DNA concentration was proposed as a potential prognostic biomarker of metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer.
Creation and delivery of a clinical pharmacy practice and education program for international participants in the United States
Authors: Shapiro Nancy L. , Lin Hsiang‐Wen , Lau Alan H. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIntroductionUniversity of Illinois at Chicago (UIC) College of Pharmacy has a long history of collaborating with institutions around the world to advance pharmacy practice and education through offering programs for practice skills enhancement and curricula transformation.ObjectivesTo develop a short‐term summer program on contemporary clinical pharmacy practice and education for pharmacy students and pharmacists, initially from Taiwan, and subsequently expanded to other countries.MethodsWe developed a month‐long program in 2013 for 25 participants from four different universities, which has continued annually for 7 years, with 349 total participants from 10 regions. The program included topics on basic clinical skills, therapeutic management of common disease states, descriptions of unique clinical pharmacy practice models, and patient case‐based teaching. Baseline self‐evaluations of the participants' skills, clinical understanding, and past experiences were conducted, along with weekly program self‐evaluations of the program content, speaker effectiveness, and overall program satisfaction.ResultsA 89% response rate was received for the program evaluations. The mean overall program content was rated at least a 4.4 out of a 5‐point Likert scale every year. Self‐rated comfort level measured before and after program completion showed improvement in all areas including taking medication histories, interviewing patients, writing SOAP notes, taking blood pressures, interpreting lab values, performing inhaler teaching, monitoring warfarin, and performing pediatric dosing (P < .01 for all pre‐ and post‐comparisons). The participants rated the overall program quality as high every year (mean 4.4‐4.9), and the usefulness and organization as well (mean 4.4‐4.8 and 4.3‐4.8, respectively). In addition, most participants reported a high likelihood of recommending the program to others (mean 4.4‐4.9).ConclusionParticipants reported that the summer program increased their clinical skills and knowledge. The enhanced understanding of clinical practice and education in the United States may help shape their future academic and professional development.
Rapid analysis of disease state in liquid human serum combining infrared spectroscopy and “digital drying”
Authors: Sala Alexandra , Spalding Katie E. , Ashton Katherine M. , Board Ruth , Butler Holly J. , Dawson Timothy P. , Harris Dean A. , Hughes Caryn S. , Jenkins Cerys A. , Jenkinson Michael D. , Palmer David S. , Smith Benjamin R. , Thornton Catherine A. , Baker Matthew J. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn recent years, the diagnosis of brain tumors has been investigated with attenuated total reflection‐Fourier transform infrared (ATR‐FTIR) spectroscopy on dried human serum samples to eliminate spectral interferences of the water component, with promising results. This research evaluates ATR‐FTIR on both liquid and air‐dried samples to investigate “digital drying” as an alternative approach for the analysis of spectra obtained from liquid samples. Digital drying approaches, consisting of water subtraction and least‐squares method, have demonstrated a greater random forest (RF) classification performance than the air‐dried spectra approach when discriminating cancer vs control samples, reaching sensitivity values higher than 93.0% and specificity values higher than 83.0%. Moreover, quantum cascade laser infrared (QCL‐IR) based spectroscopic imaging is utilized on liquid samples to assess the implications of a deep‐penetration light source on disease classification. The RF classification of QCL‐IR data has provided sensitivity and specificity amounting to 85.1% and 75.3% respectively.
Photoacoustic and ultrasound (PAUS) dermoscope with high sensitivity and penetration depth by using a bimorph transducer
Authors: Wang Zhiyang , Yang Fei , Ma Haigang , Cheng Zhongwen , Yang Sihua 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA bimorph transducer was proposed to improve the detection sensitivity and imaging depth of photoacoustic and ultrasound (PAUS) dermoscope. By applying the bimorph transducer, the imaging depth and sensitivity of PAUS dermoscope were enhanced by simultaneously improving excitation efficiency and reception bandwidth. The integrated design of the imaging head of the dermoscope makes it highly convenient for detecting human skin. The PAUS imaging performance was demonstrated via visualizing subcutaneous tumor and depicting full structures of different skin layers from epidermis to subcutaneous tissue. The results confirm that the dermoscope with the bimorph transducer is well suited for PA and US dual‐modality imaging, which can provide multi‐information for skin disease.
Blockade of macrophage adhesion to CD200‐treated polystyrene culture surface
Authors: Zhang Jun , Peng Ching‐An 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCD200 is an anti‐inflammatory transmembrane glycoprotein in the immunoglobulin superfamily. The interaction of CD200 and its receptor CD200R has shown to inhibit inflammatory response of myeloid cells to foreign materials. The purpose of this study is to create a CD200 immobilized biomaterial surface through polydopamine coating to suppress macrophage cell adhesion and reduce inflammatory cytokine secretion accordingly by macrophages. In this study, tissue‐culture treated polystyrene (TCPS) surface was modified with biotin through polydopamine coating. Purified CD200‐streptavidin fusion protein was then immobilized onto the biotinylated TCPS surface through the high affinity between biotin and streptavidin. Mouse J774A.1 macrophages were seeded on CD200‐immobilized TCPS surface to evaluate the effect of CD200 on preventing macrophage attachment. The effects of CD200‐immobilized TCPS surface on pro‐inflammatory cytokine secretion from J774A.1 macrophages were measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. As a result, CD200‐immobilized TCPS surface suppressed macrophage attachment for up to 9 hr. The level of IL‐6 and TNF‐α secreted from J774A.1 macrophages interacted with CD200‐coated TCPS surface was reduced by 36.3% and 32.4%, respectively.
Manipulate intestinal organoids with niobium carbide nanosheets
Authors: Reding Brittney , Carter Prerana , Qi Yijun , Li Zhe , Wu Yue , Wannemuehler Michael , Bratlie Kaitlin M. , Wang Qun 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMultifunctional two‐dimensional nanosheet materials have attracted attention in biomedical fields due to their unique physiochemical and biological properties. Interactions between intestinal stem cells and Engineered Nanomaterials (ENMs) are an essential area in research with the growing diagnosis of gastrointestinal (GI) diseases. One unique type of two‐dimensional metal carbide nanomaterial, niobium carbide (Nb2C), has shown promising properties for potential applications in this field, such as biocompatibility, stability, and high photothermal conversion efficiency. In this study, Nb2C nanosheets were prepared by spark plasma sintering and HF etching. Various concentrations of Nb2C nanosheets were placed inside intestinal organoids, which mimic the real functions of an intestinal system. These organoids were formed from intestinal crypts that were isolated from mice and grew into self‐maintained systems. Through growth analysis, surface area calculations, and cell viability tests, it was concluded that an optimal concentration of nanosheets exists that may offer stimulation to intestinal cells while having no toxic effects. A high concentration of nanosheets in the organoids inhibited growth, whereas the control and low concentration of nanosheets showed no reduced growth rate. When placed under infrared exposure, the organoids with nanosheets offered stimulation and showed more viability after time as compared to the control organoids with no nanosheets. These results show overall potential benefits of placing low concentration Nb2C nanosheets in intestinal systems to protect and stimulate cell survivability when undergoing various treatments.
Three‐dimensional silk fibroin scaffolds incorporated with graphene for bone regeneration
Authors: Ding Xili , Huang Yan , Li Xiaoming , Liu Suting , Tian Feng , Niu Xufeng , Chu Zhaowei , Chen Diansheng , Liu Haifeng , Fan Yubo 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPorous three‐dimensional (3D) silk fibroin (SF) scaffolds were widely applied for bone regeneration and showed excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability. Recently graphene was developed for bone scaffolds due to its osteogenic properties. Thus, we combine the SF and graphene to improve the osteogenic properties of SF scaffolds. In our study, we explored the incorporation of SF scaffolds with graphene to develop osteogenic scaffolds capable of accelerating bone formation. The 3D SF scaffolds were fabricated with different contents of graphene (0, 0.5, and 2%). Fluorescence images showed that the graphene nanosheets were homogeneously dispersed in the SF scaffolds. The addition of graphene affected the microarchitecture of the scaffolds. The G/SF scaffolds were cocultured with rat bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs) for 21 days. The cell morphology and cell proliferation study suggested that 0 and 0.5% G/SF scaffolds displayed good cell proliferation. In addition, immunofluorescent staining (e.g., osteonectin, osteopontin, and osteocalcin) and ALP activities indicated that the osteogenic properties was more actively exhibited on 0.5% G/SF scaffolds compared with the other groups. Our results indicated that SF scaffolds incorporated with graphene could be an appropriate scaffold for bone tissue engineering.
Comparison of four matrixes for diluting insulin in routine clinical measurements
Authors: Li Honglei , Wang Danchen , Guo Xiuzhi , Xia Liangyu , Wu Qiong , Cheng Xinqi 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectiveIn our laboratory, 2.36% (6626/280765) samples obtained for insulin evaluation have serum insulin concentrations higher than 300 mU/L, resulting in curves outside the linear range in the insulin release test (IRT). Accordingly, using appropriate dilution protocols to determine insulin concentration accurately is important. Here, we compared the effectiveness and economy of four different solutions for diluting high‐insulin serum in routine clinical measurements.MethodResidual serum samples with high‐insulin concentrations ranging from 200 to 300 mU/L were collected in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from August to November 2017. Four different matrixes including a Siemens original diluent, pure water, 0.9% NaCl, and low‐insulin serum (labeled as A to D, respectively) were used to dilute the serum in the ratios of 1:2, 1:5, and 1:10.ResultsWe found that the linear correlation coefficients of A to D were higher than 0.9. The recovery rates of A to D were 86.4%–104.0%, 73.2%–99.3%, 76.4%–101.3%, and 84.2%–99.7%, respectively. We conclude that the use of 0.9% NaCl, pure water, or low‐insulin serum to dilute high‐serum insulin (>300 mU/L) is feasible and cost‐effective.ConclusionWe recommend a dilution factor of 1:5 on a Siemens ADVIA Centaur XP® instrument. The clinically reported range was 0.5‐1500 mU/L. For specific samples (>1500 mU/L), we recommended using low‐insulin serum samples for dilution.
Cholic acid and deoxycholic acid induce skeletal muscle atrophy through a mechanism dependent on TGR5 receptor
Authors: Abrigo Johanna , Gonzalez Francisco , Aguirre Francisco , Tacchi Franco , Gonzalez Andrea , Meza María Paz , Simon Felipe , Cabrera Daniel , Arrese Marco , Karpen Saul , Cabello‐Verrugio Claudio 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSkeletal muscle atrophy is characterized by the degradation of myofibrillar proteins, such as myosin heavy chain or troponin. An increase in the expression of two muscle‐specific E3 ligases, atrogin‐1 and MuRF‐1, and oxidative stress are involved in muscle atrophy. Patients with chronic liver diseases (CLD) develop muscle wasting. Several bile acids increase in plasma during cholestatic CLD, among them, cholic acid (CA) and deoxycholic acid (DCA). The receptor for bile acids, TGR5, is expressed in healthy skeletal muscles. TGR5 is involved in the regulation of muscle differentiation and metabolic changes. In this paper, we evaluated the participation of DCA and CA in the generation of an atrophic condition in myotubes and isolated fibers from the muscle extracted from wild‐type (WT) and TGR5‐deficient (TGR5−/−) male mice. The results show that DCA and CA induce a decrease in diameter, and myosin heavy chain (MHC) protein levels, two typical atrophic features in C2C12 myotubes. We also observed similar results when INT‐777 agonists activated the TGR5 receptor. To evaluate the participation of TGR5 in muscle atrophy induced by DCA and CA, we used a culture of muscle fiber isolated from WT and TGR5−/− mice. Our results show that DCA and CA decrease the fiber diameter and MHC protein levels, and there is an increase in atrogin‐1, MuRF‐1, and oxidative stress in WT fibers. The absence of TGR5 in fibers abolished all these effects induced by DCA and CA. Thus, we demonstrated that CS and deoxycholic acid induce skeletal muscle atrophy through TGR5 receptor.
Long noncoding RNAs in endometriosis: Biological functions, expressions, and mechanisms
Authors: Wang Xu , Zhang Jing , Liu Xiaojing , Wei Bing , Zhan Lei 
Published: June 2020

AbstractEndometriosis refers to a benign chronic gynecological disorder, and is defined as the ectopic growth of endometrium in pelvic cavity. Endometriosis affects about 10% of reproductive‐aged women. Unfortunately, the pathogenesis of endometriosis remains obscure, and the disease witnesses a lack of effective therapy approaches. Therefore, more research needs to be performed to throw light on endometriosis, its pathogenesis, and therapy. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), which are defined as functional cellular RNA longer than 200 nucleotides, have been implicated in many chronic disorders. It has been suggested that lncRNAs are closely related to the endometriosis process. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms by which lncRNAs associate with endometriosis should be elucidated more detailed. In our brief review, we first exhibit the aberrant lncRNAs expression in endometriosis. Then, we talk about the molecular mechanisms underlying lncRNAs in endometriosis. Finally, we also present the potential of lncRNAs as biomarkers for endometriosis.
The effects of cobalt and cerium promoters on hydrogen production performance of alumina‐supported nickel catalysts in propane steam reforming
Authors: Azizzadeh Fard Amir , Bazyari Amin , Alavi Seyed Mehdi , Aghamiri Ali Reza 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBACKGROUND: The effects of Co and Ce promoters on the performance of Ni (10 wt%)–Co (0.0, 2.75, 5.5 wt%)/Ce (0.0, 5.0, 10.0 wt%)–Al2O3 catalysts have been studied for steam reforming of C3H8 (SRP). In this work, Ni (NO3)2 and Co (NO3)2 are co‐impregnated on the co‐precipitated Al2O3–CeO2 supports. X‐ray diffraction, N2 adsorption–desorption, H2‐temperature‐programmed reduction, high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and thermogravimetric/differential thermal analysis were accomplished to explain the SRP activity of the catalysts. The performance of the resulting catalysts was evaluated under the gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) = 45 000 mL h‐1 gcat−1, T = 600 °C, steam/C3H8 ratio (S/C) = 3 and P = 1 atm.RESULTS: The experimental findings revealed that Ce and Co promoters markedly improved the catalyst activity, stability and H2 yield of Ni/Al2O3 catalyst. The sample with 2.75 wt% Co and 10.0 wt% Ce showed highest C3H8 conversion, while maximum yield of H2 was obtained for catalyst containing 5.5 wt% Co and 5.0 wt% Ce.CONCLUSION: Higher loadings of Co decreased C3H8 conversion and catalyst stability due to more coke formation on the catalyst surface, whereas Ce significantly improved catalyst resistance to coke deposition due to the enhanced Ni metal particles distribution over the support. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Zeolite biofilm aeration filter plays a pre‐nitritation role in autotrophic nitrogen removal from iron oxide red wastewater
Authors: Feng Xinghui , Wang Xiaojun , Wang Ruixin , Zheng Xuwen , Zhong Zhong , Chen Xiaozhen 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) system has excellent performance in treating ammonium‐rich wastewater and it depends on ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) working together with anammox bacteria in a reactor. Higher ammonium nitrogen loading requires higher aeration to provide sufficient dissolved oxygen (DO) for nitritation, whereas high‐strength aeration in theCANON will destroy the sludge structure and inhibit the activity of anammox bacteria. The present study uses a stable pre‐nitritation system to reduce a part of nitritation and also decrease aeration intensity in the CANON.RESULTSContinuous aeration to maintain the DO concentration between 1.5 and 4.3 mg L–1 in the CANON achieved a stable nitrogen removal rate (1.22 kg N m–3 d–1) from iron oxide red wastewater with 400–1016 mg N L–1 after 183 days of operation. Using a mixed alkalinity donor [sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) and bicarbonate (NaHCO3)] in the combined system can save ≈14.1–28.2% of the alkalinity cost compared with using NaHCO3 only.CONCLUSIONSA zeolite biofilm aeration filter (ZBAF) used in a pre‐nitritation process can tolerate high DO concentration of ≤6.5 mg L–1 for nitritation and avoid all of the nitritation taking place in the CANON system. This can protect the sludge structure and anammox bacteria from high‐strength aeration erosion. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Preoperative cholangitis is associated with increased surgical site infection following pancreaticoduodenectomy
Authors: Akashi Masanori , Nagakawa Yuichi , Hosokawa Yuichi , Takishita Chie , Osakabe Hiroaki , Nishino Hitoe , Katsumata Kenji , Akagi Yoshito , Itoi Takao , Tsuchida Akihiko 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundFew reports describe the relationship between preoperative cholangitis and surgical site infections (SSIs) after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD). We aimed to determine the association between the incidence of preoperative cholangitis and surgical site infection following PD.MethodsThe surgical outcomes of 359 patients who underwent PD were compared between patients with (n = 92) and without (n = 267) preoperative cholangitis. Bacterial cultures from the postoperative drainage fluid were examined. Risk factors for postoperative infectious complication were evaluated.ResultsThe incidence of postoperative infectious complications including grade B/C postoperative pancreatic fistula was high among patients with preoperative cholangitis (P < .01). The positive rate of bacterial culture in the drainage fluid until postoperative day 3 (P < .01) and the detection rate of Enterococcus species (P < .01) were higher in the preoperative cholangitis group. The most common cause of preoperative cholangitis was drainage device dysfunction mainly with plastic stent occlusion. In the multivariate analysis, preoperative cholangitis (odds ratio 2.04, 95% confidence interval 1.13 to 3.69; P = .02) was an independent risk factor for postoperative infectious complications.ConclusionsPreoperative cholangitis significantly increased ascitic bacterial contamination and the incidence of postoperative infectious complications. after PD. Appropriate preoperative biliary drainage for the prevention of preoperative cholangitis is important for improving outcomes after PD.