bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Middle managers’ roles after a hospital merger
Authors: Solstad Elsa , Petterson Inger Johanne 
Published: January 2020

PurposeMergers are important and challenging elements in hospital reforms. The authors study the social aspects of management and the roles of middle managers in the aftermath of a hospital merger. Especially, the purpose of this paper is to investigate how professional staff and middle managers perceive their relationships with top managers several years after the merger.Design/methodology/approachA survey was conducted among the professional staff in two merging hospitals’ units six years after a merger. Based on the main findings from this survey, a follow-up interview study was done with a group of middle managers.FindingsThe management practices were diagnostic with few interactive or communicative activities. The respondents expressed that mistrust developed between the staff and the top management, and a lack of involvement and interaction lead to decoupled and parallel organizations. Social controls, based on shared norms, had not been developed to create mutual commitment and engagement.Practical implicationsPolicy makers should be aware of the need in profound change processes not only to change the tangible elements, but to take care of changing the less tangible elements such as norms and values. Professionals in hospitals are in powerful positions, and changes in such organizations are dependent on trust-building, bottom-up initiatives and evolutionary pathways.Originality/valueThe paper addresses the need to understand the dynamics of the social aspect in managing hospitals as knowledge-intensive organizations when comprehensive restructuring processes are taking place over several years.
Toward Islamic deposit insurance model
Authors: Fendi Usama Adnan 
Published: January 2020

PurposeThis paper aims to provide an essential framework for establishingShariah-compliant deposit insurance scheme, by reviewing theShariahprovisions concerning the available approaches for deposit guarantee, types of deposits in Islamic financial institutions and the permissible party to incur the cost of this guarantee.Design/methodology/approachThis paper reviews theFiqhrules and principles approved by the well-known IslamicFiqhreferences, as well as the resolutions of International Islamic Fiqh Academy (IIFA) andShariahstandards issued by Accounting and Auditing Organization for Islamic Financial Institutions (AAOIFI), and presents these resolutions and judgments in a modern applicable way.FindingsThis paper recommends that the Islamic scheme for deposit insurance should be established based onTakafulinsurance principle, and this scheme must adopt fund segregation principle to comply withShariahprovisions for guarantee permissibility.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper bridges the gap between theory and practice by highlighting how the proposed model can be initiated in practice, thus, it can influence public policy in countries with Islamic banking system.Originality/valueThis paper represents a significant contribution toward the establishment of a consensualShariah-compliant Islamic deposit insurance model.
A real asset management approach for Islamic investment in containerships
Authors: Abdullah Adam , Hassan Rusni , Kassim Salina 
Published: January 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to provide a real asset management investment appraisal of the performance of containerships as a primary segment within international shipping, to facilitate Islamic equity investment through a shipping fund. The objectives are to evaluate the risks and returns of shipping under the framework of Islamic equity finance, and to analyze the performance of investing in containerships over the long term, to appeal to retail and institutional clients of Malaysian asset management institutions.

Design/methodology/approach
Accordingly, the methodology adopts an investment analysis of a full population of historical data over a period of 20 years, to evaluate performance involving a maritime return on investment (MROI), internal rate of return (IRR), net yield and standard deviation measures of risk and return.

Findings
The findings reveal that while earnings are volatile in comparison to capital market expectations, unlevered, tax-free returns on containership investments outperform financial and other real assets.

Research limitations/implications
Shipping is a strong growth industry with about 84 per cent of global trade carried out by the international shipping industry. The problem is that many Islamic asset management institutions and investors have essentially no exposure to Islamic investment in international shipping.

Practical implications
However, shipping is a highly capital-intensive industry, and currently 75 per cent of ship lending has been conducted by European banks and financed on a conventional basis. Post-financial crisis, ship owners, ship lenders and shipyards have all been exposed to the impact of over-levered balance sheets and debt finance. There is a demand for alternative sources of finance.

Social implications
By communicating risk and reward more effectively, retail and institutional investors, as well as Islamic finance institutions, will realize that the social benefit of equity finance on the basis of profit sharing is more efficient at allocating investible resources than debt finance at interest, thereby increasing investment and economic growth.

Originality/value
The significance is that Islamic equity finance, rather than debt at the time-value of money, should enhance the development of international shipping.
Ethical values and bank performance: evidence from financial institutions in Malaysia
Authors: Tuan Ibrahim Tuan Azma Fatiema , Hashim Hafiza Aishah , Mohamad Ariff Akmalia 
Published: January 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between ethical values and performance in the context of the banking sector in Malaysia.Design/methodology/approachBased on the philanthropic model, this study posits that firms undertakingzakatand charity are ethical firms. Zakat disclosure index (ZDI) and charity disclosure index (CDI) were constructed to measure ethical values. This study hypothesises that ethical values are positively associated with bank performance. Ethical values (i.e. CDI and ZDI) and financial performance data (i.e. return on assets) were collected from the disclosures made in the annual reports of 50 banks for a period of five years (2010-2014).FindingsA positive association was found betweenzakatdisclosure and bank performance. The results indicate that higherzakatdisclosure is associated with greater bank performance. However, no relationship was found between charity disclosure and bank performance.Research limitations/implicationsConsidering the limitation of the index used in this study, other dimensions such as corporate governance, sustainability, products and environment can be considered in the development of index to measure ethical values in future studies.Originality/valueThis study offers additional explanation on the relationship between ethical values and performance by examining the role ofzakatdisclosures that characterize the unique aspects of Malaysian companies.
Examining the impact of institutional pressures and green supply chain management practices on firm performance
Authors: Ahmed Waqar , Najmi Arsalan , Khan Farhana 
Published: January 2020

PurposeWith the challenge of ecological business sustainability, concepts like green design, eco-friendly products, sustainable technologies and efficient processes have compelled the organizations to adopt change. The purpose of this paper is to focus on understanding the impact of green supply chain (GSC) management practices and institutional pressures on economic and environmental performances of organizations in an unstable developing economy.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from the supply chain specialists working in manufacturing firms through a questionnaire. Valid data of 101 respondents were used for analyzing the relationship among the constructs with the help of structural equation modeling.FindingsThe result of this study reveals that internal GSC practices and institutional pressure have a negative insignificant impact on economic performance, whereas all the constructs are the significant contributors toward improving environmental performance.Practical implicationsThis study will help the supply chain decision makers to make a strategy that is beneficial for improving both economic and environmental dimensions of the performance of a firm.Originality/valueAn environmental management study under a rapidly changing scenario is always helpful to understand the behavior and its impact. This study is very useful and need of a time in the context of any developing country facing an economic and environmental crisis.
It is not an investment if it is destroying the planet
Authors: Mehta Pooja , Singh Manjit , Mittal Manju 
Published: January 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to critically examine the existing literature on sustainable investments and propose an integrated conceptual framework for measuring socially responsible investment intention of investors.Design/methodology/approachBased on the theory of planned behaviour, the study discusses an integrated conceptual framework by thoroughly analysing the empirical studies of last 18 years, from 2001 to 2018. Some of the important measures of these studies have been reviewed, such as country of study, research methodology applied, sample size and respondents selected, model/theory applied, variables selected and significant findings of the study.FindingsThe study posits that collectivism, knowledge about sustainable investment, pro-environmental attitude and perceived risk will have a positive impact on attitude (ATT) towards SRI. Moreover, attitude (ATT) and subjective norms (SN) will be positively related to intention (INT) along with the mediating effect of social investing efficacy (SIE) and moderating effects of religiosity beliefs.Practical implicationsBesides implications for financial managers, various government bodies, prospective investors and other stakeholders, the study will provide impetus to companies for designing more sustainable funds that can promulgate the values and beliefs of investors.Originality/valueThe study incrementally contributes to the literature by way of suggesting a conceptual framework that can be empirically tested by future researchers.
Mechanical properties of porous structure 3D printed with Vero White photosensitive resin
Authors: Yu Tianbiao , Zhao Yu , Bi Xiaoxi , Song Boxue , Chen Ying 
Published: January 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to study the influence of the porous structure on the maximum stress and modulus of elasticity of the specimens which are fabricated by rapid prototypes. According to the experimental results, modify the theoretical formula of elastic modulus.

Design/methodology/approach
The Objet Eden 250 was used to prepare the Vero White photosensitive resin samples with different porosity (ranges from 25 to 65 per cent) and different pore structures. The mechanical properties of different samples were numerically simulated and the formulas of the modulus of elasticity were established. Through the compression test, the performance of the specimen is compared and analyzed, and the theoretical elastic modulus formula is optimized.

Findings
With the increase of porosity, the maximum stress of honeycomb structure specimens decreases. The maximum stress of the honeycomb structure specimen with circular pore shape is higher than the hexagon cross-section while the hexahedron and octahedron structure are the arms (wall thickness between pores) with a square cross-section. The error comparison between the modulus of elasticity before and after the structure models regression analysis shows that after the regression analysis, the error of theoretical value and the actual value is between 0 and 14 per cent which is lower than the value before the regression analysis which was between 5 and 27 per cent.

Originality/value
The paper obtains rules of the influence of different porous structures which were fabricated by the Vero White photosensitive resin material on mechanical properties and higher prediction accuracy formula of elastic modulus. The conclusions provide a theoretical basis for Northeastern University, China, to reduce mass and mechanical properties prediction of load-bearing parts.
Using machine learning to aid in the parameter optimisation process for metal-based additive manufacturing
Authors: Silbernagel Cassidy , Aremu Adedeji , Ashcroft Ian 
Published: January 2020

Purpose
Metal-based additive manufacturing is a relatively new technology used to fabricate metal objects within an entirely digital workflow. However, only a small number of different metals are proven for this process. This is partly due to the need to find a new set of parameters which can be used to successfully build an object for every new alloy investigated. There are dozens of variables which contribute to a successful set of parameters and process parameter optimisation is currently a manual process which relies on human judgement.

Design/methodology/approach
Here, the authors demonstrate the application of machine learning as an alternative method to determine this set of process parameters, the subject of this test is the processing of pure copper in a laser powder bed fusion printer. Data in the form of optical images were collected over the course of traditional parameter optimisation. These images were segmented and fed into a convolutional autoencoder and then clustered to find the clusters which best represented a high-quality result. The clusters were manually scored according to their quality and the results applied to the original set of parameters.

Findings
It was found that the machine-learned clustering and subsequent scoring reflected many of the observations which were found in the traditional parameter optimisation process.

Originality/value
This exercise, as well as demonstrating the effectiveness of the ML approach, indicates an opportunity to fully automate the approach to process optimisation by applying labels to the data, hence, an approach that could also potentially be suited for on-the-fly process optimisation.

Graphical abstract
Stiffness prediction of 3D printed fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composites
Authors: Choi Jin Young , Kortschot Mark Timothy 
Published: January 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to confirm that the stiffness of fused filament fabrication (FFF) three-dimensionally (3D) printed fiber-reinforced thermoplastic (FRP) materials can be predicted using classical laminate theory (CLT), and to subsequently use the model to demonstrate its potential to improve the mechanical properties of FFF 3D printed parts intended for load-bearing applications.

Design/methodology/approach
The porosity and the fiber orientation in specimens printed with carbon fiber reinforced filament were calculated from micro-computed tomography (µCT) images. The infill portion of the sample was modeled using CLT, while the perimeter contour portion was modeled with a rule of mixtures (ROM) approach.

Findings
The µCT scan images showed that a low porosity of 0.7 ± 0.1% was achieved, and the fibers were highly oriented in the filament extrusion direction. CLT and ROM were effective analytical models to predict the elastic modulus and Poisson’s ratio of FFF 3D printed FRP laminates.

Research limitations/implications
In this study, the CLT model was only used to predict the properties of flat plates. Once the in-plane properties are known, however, they can be used in a finite element analysis to predict the behavior of plate and shell structures.

Practical implications
By controlling the raster orientation, the mechanical properties of a FFF part can be optimized for the intended application.

Originality/value
Before this study, CLT had not been validated for FFF 3D printed FRPs. CLT can be used to help designers tailor the raster pattern of each layer for specific stiffness requirements.
Characteristics of cutaneous adverse drug reactions caused by triple‐combination drug therapy used for Helicobacter pylori eradication
Authors: Kikuchi Sota , Nobeyama Yoshimasa , Saeki Hidehisa , Asahina Akihiko 
Published: January 2020

AbstractCutaneous adverse drug reactions (cADR) should be appropriately managed in drug administration. LANSAP®, Rabecure® and VONOSAP® are currently used for Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy. Here, we examined the characteristics of cADR caused by these drugs using data from the Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency (PMDA). Periods subject to analyses were set according to the year of release of these drugs: (i) from 2008 to 2017 for LANSAP; (ii) from 2014 to 2017 for Rabecure; and (iii) 2017 for VONOSAP. Among all cADR reported to the PMDA, those attributed to LANSAP, Rabecure and VONOSAP accounted for 2.3%, 1.0% and 3.6% of cases, respectively. cADR occurred in patients aged in their 20s or older, with the oldest patients aged in their 60s. Numbers of male and female patients were 28 and 70 for LANSAP, eight and 14 for Rabecure and three and 16 for VONOSAP, respectively. Statistical analyses revealed significant sex differences for LANSAP (P = 0.022) and VONOSAP (P = 0.012), but not for Rabecure (P = 0.729). LANSAP, Rabecure or VONOSAP caused erythema multiforme in the largest population of patients and Stevens–Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN) in three patients. Ratios of SJS/TEN were 0.0–5.3% for LANSAP, Rabecure or VONOSAP, but 11.5–44.8% for the corresponding single constituent drugs other than vonoprazan. In conclusion, female sex appears to represent a risk factor for cADR attributed to H. pylori eradication therapy using LANSAP or VONOSAP, although H. pylori eradication therapy without these drugs rarely causes severe cADR.
Effects of skin care education for care staff at elderly care facilities on skin conditions of the residents
Authors: Tsunemi Yuichiro , Nakagami Gojiro , Takehara Kimie , Tamai Nao , Kitamura Aya , Mugita Yuko , Oe Makoto , Kishida Momoyo , Sanada Hiromi 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAsteatosis is common in elderly people due to a decrease in the moisture content of the epidermal stratum corneum through a loss of skin barrier function caused by aging. Because itching often accompanies asteatosis, this condition may cause a decrease in quality of life. Care staff in elderly care facilities have many opportunities to provide care for residents. In this study, we examined how educational training on skin care changed the thoughts and actions of care staff in these facilities and how these changes impacted the skin conditions of residents. The subjects for the training were all care staff in facilities because these staff work most closely with facility residents. We performed skin care training for the subjects and investigated changes in the skin conditions of the residents before and after the training. The training promoted the understanding of skin care among the care staff and improved the skin symptoms of residents with asteatosis. However, there were no changes in the severity of itchiness based on a verbal rating scale and in interviews of residents. This study showed that skin care training for the care staff in facilities is effective to improve skin conditions of residents. In addition, it was suggested that a full grasp of the residents’ skin symptoms based upon an interview on itching alone was difficult, and thus there is a need to observe skin conditions directly.
Establishing an effective offset‐dependent velocity model by ray tracing and its application in Kirchhoff time migration
Authors: Chen Guiting , Wang Zhenli , Rotimi Oluwatosin John , Zhang Suyang 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTConventional Kirchhoff prestack time migration based on the hyperbolic moveout can cause ambiguity in laterally inhomogeneous media, because the root mean square velocity corresponds to a one‐dimensional model under the horizontal layer assumption; it does not include the lateral variations. The shot/receiver configuration with different offsets and azimuths should adopt different migration velocities as they contribute to a single image point. Therefore, we propose to use an offset‐vector to describe the lateral variations through an offset‐dependent velocity corresponding to the difference in offset from surface points to the image point. The offset‐vector is decomposed into orthogonal directions along the in‐line and cross‐line directions so that the single velocity can be expressed as a series of actual velocities. We use a simple Snell's law‐based ray tracing to calculate the travel time recorded at the image point and convert the travel time to an equivalent velocity corresponding to a pseudo‐straight ray. The double‐square‐root equation using such an equivalent velocity in the offset‐vector domain is non‐hyperbolic and asymmetrical, which improves the accuracy of the migration. Numerical examples using the Marmousi model and a wide azimuth field data show that the proposed method can achieve reasonable accuracy and significantly enhances the imaging of complex structures.
Pollinator‐mediated facilitation is associated with floral abundance, trait similarity and enhanced community‐level fitness
Authors: Bergamo Pedro Joaquim , Streher Nathália Susin , Wolowski Marina , Sazima Marlies 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPollinator‐mediated processes (biotic filtering, facilitation or competition) are often inferred by patterns of plant reproductive trait diversity (clustering or evenness of reproductive traits within the community). However, one single pattern can be generated by distinct processes, making difficult to predict the main process of community assembly. Incorporating fitness estimates should improve the link between pattern and process.We investigated patterns of flowering phenology and reproductive traits (floral colour, floral size and anther height) along the season of a pollinator‐depauperated and generalized community. We used data on fitness (pollen receipt and number of pollen tubes) to provide a functional link between trait patterns and assembly mechanisms. We also investigated whether the degree of co‐flowering depended on the floral abundance and pollination functional group (fly‐, bee‐, hummingbird‐pollinated and generalist species) of the plant species.High floral abundance in the flowering season was associated with low trait diversity in the community. Both features increased fitness at the community level. This indicates that similar species are benefited at periods of high floral abundance, probably due to the joint attraction of generalist pollinators in this pollinator‐depauperated community. In general, rare species flowered more synchronously with the community than abundant ones, although distinct patterns emerged depending on the floral trait and pollination functional group. Furthermore, species highly synchronous and possessing similar floral colour in relation to the community had higher fitness indicating that facilitative mechanisms act favouring flowering synchrony and trait similarity.Synthesis.Patterns of flowering synchrony and floral trait similarity indicate pollination facilitation in the studied community. Plants benefited from co‐flowering with species possessing similar floral colour via shared pollinator attraction. Thus, we empirically demonstrated some of the predictions of community assembly theory.