bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ACTIVITY EFFORT, SELF-MANAGEMENT AND INFLAMMATION IN OLDER MEXICAN AMERICANS WITH OSTEOARTHRITIS
Authors: Harrison Tracie C , Thill Lauren , Schmidt Bianca R , Blozis Shelley 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
We extend our ongoing investigations of the health effects of activity effort among Mexican Americans (MA) with mobility limitations, specifically those with osteoarthritis (OA) (Harrison, 2009). Our previous research linked activity effort with co-morbidity and social participation in women with mobility limitations, finding significant variations between Non-Hispanic White and MA with physical disabilities. This bio-behavioral study takes the next step by examining the relationships between inflammatory measures (TNF-alpha & CRP), Mexican American-specific self-management behaviors (MA-SM), and activity effort (AE) in a sample of MA men and women. Over 5 months, 62 men and women, age 40 to 83, provided survey responses, blood, and saliva for analysis. After ensuring reliability of measures, we used Pearson correlations to provide initial associations. Findings indicated a significant negative correlation between AE and TNF-alpha (-.376, 0.005), which linked behaviors to inflammatory response; and between MA-SM and AE (-.254, 0.05), which linked the self-management to the behavior. These findings provide support for the biological impact of perceived activity effort on inflammation, as well as the positive effects that Mexican American specific self-management activities might have on health.
SOCIAL NETWORKS AND NEIGHBORHOOD SATISFACTION OF AFRICAN AMERICAN OLDER ADULTS: AN ATLANTA STUDY OF RELOCATION
Authors: Reed Nia 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Atlanta was the first major city to offer federally-funded public housing and it is one of the first to demolish it. Unlike other cities undergoing public housing transformation through demolition under Housing for People Everywhere Program (HOPE VI), the Atlanta Housing Authority (AHA) targeted senior housing as part of the demolition process. Investigators conducting the Urban Health Initiative (UHI) study collected three waves of data (baseline, 6-month post-relocation, and 24-month post-relocation) from relocated seniors and a comparison group of seniors who aged-in-place. To understand the interactions between public housing residents and varied components of their environments, including social networks and neighborhood satisfaction, I will use place attachment theory to frame my research, as sense of place is rooted within the interplay of community cultural wealth components. I will also use aging-in-place theory, which refers to individuals’ ability to grow old in their own homes and communities, while adjusting to needed modifications associated with aging and mobility. Analysis of Covariance will be applied to understand the relationship between social networks, relocation, and neighborhood satisfaction among older adults who age-in-place, compared to those who relocated.
BUILDING SOCIAL CAPITAL: LESSONS FROM A SWISS ACTION-RESEARCH INTERVENTION
Authors: Ehsan Annahita 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Social capital interventions to promote healthy aging seem promising, but recent evidence has questioned how social capital is constructed. In order to understand how social capital is built among older adults, this study draws from the diagnostic phase of one ‘Neighbourhoods in Solidarity’ (NS) intervention, which uses action research to promote wellbeing for older adults (55+) in Swiss communities. These findings arose from ethnographic fieldwork with 77 hours of observation during group gatherings and informal interviews with participants who identified and debated issues in their community. It became evident that the geographic space and the sense of identity that citizens attached to it (herein referred to as ‘place’) played a role in how the NS intervention developed. The community was divided into two groups with distinct identities: one in the north and one in the south. The sense of place for both groups was simultaneously disrupted when outsiders moved to both areas, exacerbating tensions. The NS brought the two groups together and helped develop social capital between them. This was highlighted by the changing willingness of citizens to navigate unfamiliar spaces, to create social ties, and to trust others. The NS helped create a new sense of place for citizens, which ultimately facilitated the creation of social capital in the community. The findings suggest that identities are dynamic and play a role in constructing social capital, as well as who benefits from social capital and who may be excluded. Lessons from this research may inform future social capital interventions.
INTERGENERATIONAL RELATIONSHIPS AMONG OLDER ADULTS AND GRANDCHILDREN: SUPPORTIVE AND CONFLICTUAL RELATIONSHIPS
Authors: Humboldt Sofia von , Monteiro Ana , Leal Isabel 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Objectives: To analyze how older adults conceptualize these intergenerational relationships. Methods: In this qualitative study, in-depth interviews were carried out with 316 older adults, aged 65-102, from three different nationalities who lived at home. Verbatim transcripts were examined. Results: Data analysis generated six themes representing intergenerational relationships: affection and reward; interest and integration; grandparent-grandchild interaction quality; privacy and boundaries definition; provision of support; and obligation of providing childcare, on two dimensions of ambivalence concerning their intergenerational relationships (supportive and conflictual). Conclusions: The empirical findings from this research indicate how ambivalence in intergenerational relationships is experienced by older adults and stress the contradictory expectations of older adults with grandchildren. Keywords: Ambivalence; conflict; intergenerational relationships; older adults; support.
CHANGING THE CULTURE OF ADVANCE CARE PLANNING, DEATH, DYING, AND BEREAVEMENT CARE IN NURSING HOMES
Authors: Miles Toni , Brown Amanda , O’Rouke Pamela 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Cultural change, using an Eden Alternative metaphor, means that palliative care becomes ‘the servant of genuine human caring, not its master’. This project, funded through the Georgia Civil Monetary Penalty Fund Reinvestment Program (CMPRP), aimed to gather information from multiple stakeholders to promote changes in the culture of advance care planning, death, dying, and bereavement care in nursing homes. Staff, residents and families from nine nursing homes provided perspectives through qualitative interviews (n=70). Participants were drawn from both small facilities and corporate entities with multiple sites, and included residents in both short and long-stay beds. Qualitative analysis of interview data resulted in the publication and dissemination of Best Practice in Bereavement Care Guides, with separate versions for residents, families, and staff. This presentation will describe this project in terms of the process of consensuses building and obtaining funding, as well as development of the guides through qualitative interview data.
RISKS AND VULNERABILITIES AFFECTING ADVANCED CARE PLANNING FOR OLDER ADULTS INVOLVED IN ADULT PROTECTIVE SERVICES
Authors: Ernst Joy S 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Adult protective services (APS) workers regularly engage in advanced care planning (ACP). This qualitative content analysis of 21 APS cases sought to extend knowledge and uncover characteristics that influenced the ACP process and increased vulnerability of older adults in cases of neglect. The case narratives were examined to identify themes of vulnerability and risk related to ACP. Vulnerabilities of the older adults included multimorbidities, geriatric syndromes, and functional limitations. Risks involving caregivers included health problems and cognitive impairment. Caregivers were overwhelmed or lacked insight into the older adults’ needs. Involvement of other family members was detrimental or non-existent while some advocated for improvements where the caregiver refused assistance. Findings support the development of methods of ACP, including the facilitation of difficult conversations, that would respect the autonomy and dignity of the older adult while meeting the multiple needs of caregivers and family members.
ADDRESSING DEMENTIA CLINICAL SYMPTOMS USING NONPHARMACOLOGICAL STRATEGIES: WHAT WORKS AND FOR WHOM?
Authors: Gitlin Laura N , Gitlin Laura N , Marx Katherine A , Piersol Catherine Verrier , Hodgson Nancy A , Huang Jin , Roth David , Lyketsos Constantine G 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
People living with dementia experience behavioral symptoms and functional decline and their caregivers (CG), reduced wellbeing. In an RCT (N=250 dyads), we tested whether tailoring activities to interests/abilities and providing CGs with instruction in their use (Tailored Activity Program, TAP) reduced clinically significant agitation/aggression (main outcome), functional decline and improved CG wellbeing (secondary outcomes) compared to CG education/support alone; with both groups receiving 8-sessions over 3-months. At 3-months,TAP had no effects on agitation/aggression compared to CG education/support but reduced functional decline (p=0.03), improved CG wellbeing (p=0.01) and confidence using activities (p=0.02). In secondary analyses, black vs. white CGs reported reduced agitation/aggression (p=0.01); female CGs reported reduced burden with TAP whereas male CGs reported reduced burden from education/support (p=0.04); spouses vs. non-spouses reported slower functional decline in participants (p=0.01). This trial suggests outcomes vary by subgroups. Different nonpharmacological approaches are needed for specific clinical characteristics: one size will not fit all.
REJECTION OF CARE IN PERSONS WITH DEMENTIA
Authors: Regier Natalie G , Choi Scott , Gitlin Laura N 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Most individuals with dementia develop significant behavioral problems, also known as neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS). One problem that continues to plague measurement of NPS is inconsistency of terminology used to describe NPS. For example, in the Neuropsychiatric Inventory-Clinician Rating Scale (NPI-C), a gold standard for measuring NPS, rejection of care (rejection) is not differentiated from agitation or aggression. Rather, behaviors indicative of rejection are categorized as agitation. Using data from 250 persons with dementia who participated in the Dementia Behavior Study, principle components analysis of the NPI-C domain of Agitation identified four behavioral clusters: 1=rejection of care, 2=restlessness, 3=exiting behaviors, and 4=hiding/hoarding. Rejection was associated with a more distant relationship with the caregiver, lower cognitive status, and more negative caregiver communication style. Rejection was predictive of higher levels of caregiver burden. Findings support the argument that rejection is a clinically distinct NPS, and likely requires different nonpharmacological management than agitation.
AGING STRONG 2020: INTERVENTIONS TO IMPROVE LONELINESS AMONG OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Yeh Charlotte , Russell Daniel , Schaeffer James 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Research confirms serious and concerning health implications for lonely and socially isolated older adults. Studies consistently demonstrate that older adults who are lonely or socially isolated have higher rates of depression, more health conditions, and greater mortality. AARP Services, Inc. (ASI) and UnitedHealthcare (UHC) are committed to the health and well-being of insureds in AARP® Medicare Supplement Plans insured by UnitedHealthcare Insurance Company (for New York certificate holders, UnitedHealthcare of New York), recognizing that health and wellness should be promoted on a holistic level to ensure successful aging. As part of this commitment, a research initiative entitled Aging Strong 2020 has been developed. Its purpose is to impact insureds’ personal and social investments in their well-being Thus a related series of interventions are aiming to increase resilience by focusing on enhanced purpose in life, social connectedness, and optimism. This symposium will specifically discuss these efforts related to social connectedness and how they have improved well-being among lonely older adults. First discussed is the prevalence and outcomes of loneliness in a large national survey. Interventions include use of animatronic pets, a telephonic reminiscent memory program, and an online self-compassion mindfulness program. Findings from these initiatives demonstrate that interventions designed to improve loneliness and well-being among lonely older adults can contribute to the holistic model of health.
BUILDING NETWORKS TO ADDRESS AT-RISK OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Zubatsky Max , Tumosa Nina 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
With the rise of older adults and the number of chronic health issues in this population, comes the need for greater collaboration across organizations and health care settings. Age-friendly health systems offer the benefits of providing the best care possible to individuals and families, connect people to specific community resources, and optimize the best access to services and programs. The Gateway Geriatric Workforce Enhancement Program (GWEP) has combined the efforts of Saint Louis University and a rural, critical access hospital to establish a care network across Missouri. Together, this partnership has created a number of services, initiatives, and projects to help older adults maintain independence and offer families ways to take of their loved ones in more effective ways. In this symposium, presenters from Social Work, Marriage and Family Therapy, Geriatric Medicine, Psychology and Nursing disciplines will introduce several areas of this age-friendly network. The four abstracts for this symposium include: 1.) Assessing At-Risk Older Adults through the Rapid Geriatric Assessment, 2.) Cognitive Stimulation Therapy for Individuals with Memory Loss, 3.) Predictors of Falls in Older Adults Across Partner Settings, and 4.) Development of program initiatives such as the Rapid Geriatric Assessment screening, Cognitive Stimulation Therapy, Falls Assessment in Seniors, and Care for Persons with Dementia in their Environments will be covered in detail. At the end of the four presentations, the presenters will highlight the importance of this collaborative network and ways for audience members to consider building an age-friendly network in their community.
ASSESSING AT-RISK OLDER ADULTS THROUGH THE RAPID GERIATRIC ASSESSMENT
Authors: Berg-Weger Marla , Morley John 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
With the need to increase gerontological competency among all health/social service professions, the Rapid Geriatric Assessment (RGA) (Morley, 2017) is a tool that can be used in most healthcare settings. Designed as a rapid screening, the validated RGA assesses frailty, sarcopenia, anorexia, cognitive function, and advance care planning. Developed in 2015 through the Geriatric Workforce Enhancement Program (GWEP), 3,489 students and 5,643 faculty and practitioners have been trained in its use and have completed 10,881 RGAs in case-finding, screening, nursing home, PACE, and hospital and residential settings. Non-population-based findings show higher-then-national prevalence in all four health condition areas across settings: frailty (n=3,140; 30%), sarcopenia (n=4,458; 42.1%), weight loss risk (n=3,012; 28.4%), and cognitive impairment (n=2,509; 23.7%). Only 34.8% of the total sample had completed advance care plans. Data comparing results by gender, age, race/ethnicity, and setting will be presented along with strategies for curricular and practice integration.
CAREGIVING CULTURES: RACE, REGION, AND RELATIONS
Authors: Savla Jyoti , Roberto Karen A , Blieszner Rosemary 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Although families have always cared for their aging members, changes in contemporary society have added to the stress and challenges of providing daily care and support for relatives experiencing physical and/or cognitive decline. Personal characteristics, geographic location, and family structures and relationships influence beliefs about family care; thus, recognizing differences within and across families is crucial for developing culturally informed caregiving programs and practices. This symposium focuses on four diverse groups of caregivers. Recognition of caregiving cultures and the barriers caregivers encounter is the central theme of all four papers. Using daily diary interviews and GIS data, Savla and colleagues discuss the unique cultural and geographical challenges caregivers in rural Appalachian Virginia face when caring for a family member with dementia. J. Angel employs quantitative and qualitative data from two nationally representative datasets to discuss the effects of immigration on family structures and caregiving for Mexican-American older adults with dementia. Miyawaki and her colleagues provide a profile of caregivers of older Vietnamese refugees, the resources they use and support structures they rely on. Finally, Roberto and Savla expand the definition of family caregivers to include extended and fictive kin who are providing dementia care and provide an in-depth view of the circumstances that influence the responsibilities they assumed, the type of care they provide, and the coping strategies they use. Dr. Rosemary Blieszner will discuss the presenters’ collective findings considering their unique caregiving practices and beliefs as well as the common grounds between the different races, regions and relationships.
CAREGIVERS OF OLDER VIETNAMESE REFUGEES: FINDINGS FROM THE VIETNAMESE AGING AND CARE SURVEY (VACS)
Authors: Miyawaki Christina E , Chen Nai-Wei , Meyer Oanh L , Tran Mindy T , Markides Kyriakos S 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Since the fall of Saigon, over 1.3 million Vietnamese immigrated to the U.S. making Vietnamese the 4th largest Asian ethnic but most vulnerable group to disparities. There is a paucity of knowledge on the health of elders and their caregivers. The Vietnamese Aging and Care Survey (VACS) was developed, and health data on 67 caregivers were collected in Houston, Texas. Adult-child caregivers (n=44) were on average, 45.3 years old, married (64%), working (91%), female (61%) in good/excellent health (90%). Spousal caregivers (n=23) were 70.6 years-old, retired (57%), female (78%) in fair/good health (73%). Adult-child received more help (43%) than spousal caregivers (29%), however, felt more caregiver burden (p=0.01) and perceived stress (p=0.05). Living in a multi-generation household, sharing caregiving, and working may alleviate their financial burden and provide psychological support. Findings suggest healthcare professionals to encourage caregivers to utilize available culturally-relevant social services to further ease their caregiving experiences.
SUBJECTIVE COGNITIVE DECLINE IN CAREGIVERS: 21 STATES, PUERTO RICO, AND DC, 2015-2017
Authors: Taylor Christopher A , Edwards Valerie J , Knapp Kenneth A , Bouldin Erin D , McGuire Lisa C 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Informal caregivers can provide assistance that can help family members and friends live in the community longer but can place caregivers at increased risk for poorer health outcomes. Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is the self-reported experience of worsening or more frequent confusion or memory loss. The objective of this study is to describe SCD in caregivers. Data were analyzed from 21 states, Puerto Rico, and District of Columbia who administered both the Caregiver and Cognitive Decline modules of the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System in the same year for 2015–2017. A higher proportion of caregivers reported SCD (13.4%) compared to non-caregivers (10.2%). Of those who did need assistance with daily activities due to SCD, 1 in 8 non-caregivers were unable to the necessary assistance compared to 1 in 4 caregivers. SCD among caregivers is of particular concern because it affects both the caregiver and care recipient.
EVERYDAY DISCRIMINATION AND KIDNEY FUNCTION AMONG OLDER ADULTS: EVIDENCE FROM THE HEALTH AND RETIREMENT STUDY
Authors: Cobb Ryon J , Thorpe Roland J , Norris Keith C 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: The current study examines the cross-sectional association between everyday discrimination and kidney function among older adults. Methods: We use cross-sectional data from a nationally representative sample of older adults to examine this relationship. Our measure of kidney function derives from the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) obtained by the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equation, while our indicator of everyday discrimination is drawn from self-reports. Results: Results from our ordinary least squared regression models reveals that, after adjusting for demographic characteristics, everyday discrimination was associated with lower mean eGFR (β=-.79; S.E.: .34). The relationship between everyday discrimination and kidney function was not explained by cardiovascular, metabolic, or economic factors. Conclusions: Findings suggest this study suggest that everyday discrimination may be a unique risk factor for poorer kidney function among older adults. Because these findings are cross-sectional, additional research is needed to determine whether the observed associations persist over time.
THE JOURNAL OF GERONTOLOGY: SOCIAL SCIENCES: GLOBAL SCHOLARSHIP CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES
Authors: Carr Deborah 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Journal of Gerontology: Social Sciences aims to publish the highest quality social scientific research on aging and the life course in the U.S. and worldwide. The disciplinary scope is broad, encompassing scholarship from demography, economics, psychology, public health, and sociology. A key substantive focus is identifying the social, economic, and cultural contexts that shape aging experiences worldwide. In the coming decade, social gerontology research is poised to present many opportunities for cross-national and cross-cultural scholarship – driven in part by the proliferation of large parallel data sets from many nations in Europe, Latin America, and Asia. I will discuss the role that peer-reviewed cross-national scholarship can play in disseminating knowledge that informs gerontological research, policy, and practice internationally. I will also identify under-researched areas that will be of great interest to scholars in the coming decade, including LGBT older adults, aging in the Global South, reconfigured families, and centenarians.