bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of the COVID‐19 Pandemic on Pediatric Intestinal Failure Healthcare Delivery
Authors: Galloway David P. , Mathis Michelle S. , Wilkinson Linda T. , Venick Robert S. , Wendel Danielle , Cole Conrad R. , Martin Colin A. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic has influenced how healthcare is being provided, particularly in patients whose diagnoses require multidisciplinary care, such as pediatric intestinal failure (IF). We sought to ascertain the effects of the COVID‐19 pandemic on healthcare delivery for pediatric patients with IF.MethodsA 20‐question survey was administered to members of the North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Intestinal Rehabilitation (IR) Special Interest Group. Input values were “yes” and “no,” along with a free‐text response. Following a 10‐day open survey period, data were divided into cohorts based on patient population size and disease burden by state. Analysis was then performed using the χ2 test application.ResultsResponses from 29 centers were included in analysis. Centers that followed >50 patients on parenteral nutrition (PN) were more likely to have social workers present in telemedicine visits and observed more central line difficulties among families. Centers located in states with <40,000 reported cases of COVID‐19 saw patients less frequently and were more likely to withhold changes to PN prescriptions. Additionally, the survey revealed a significant degree of financial hardship and food insecurity among families.ConclusionMany aspects of pediatric IF healthcare delivery have been impacted by the COVID‐19 pandemic, both for care providers and caregivers. Despite the availability of telemedicine, IR centers should remain attentive to the global needs of the pediatric IF patient, as well as their families.
Comparison of indocyanine green and methylene blue use for axillary reverse mapping during axillary lymph node dissection
Authors: Wu Jun‐Dong , Wang Zun , Zeng Huan‐Cheng , He Li‐Fang , Zhang Yong‐Qu , Huang Guang‐Sheng , Zhang Fan , Wei Xiao‐Long , Huang Wen‐He , Zhang Guo‐Jun 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAxillary reverse mapping (ARM) is a technique to identify arm lymphatic drainage during axillary lymph node dissection (ALND). This study compared the feasibility of ARM using indocyanine green (ICG) or methylene blue (MB), and accessed the oncologic safety of the procedure. Overall, 158 patients qualified for ALND were enrolled. The characteristics of ARM‐identified nodes were recorded with ICG (n = 78) or MB (n = 80) visualization. Fine‐needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of the nodes were performed and validated by histologic analysis. The nodal identification rate in the ICG group significantly surpassed that of the MB group (87.2% vs 52.5%, P < .05) with fewer complications. Note that 10.9% of the patients had metastatic involvement of the ARM‐identified nodes. Also 80% of the positive nodes were found in areas B and D, while the ARM‐identified nodes mainly located in area A. All the 51 nodes diagnosed as negative of malignancy by FNAC were free of metastasis. Nodal metastasis was significantly correlated with extensive nodel involvement, advanced disease, and the characteristics of identified nodes. In conclusion, ICG appears superior to MB for ARM nodes identification. FNAC, together with the features of primary tumors and ARM nodes, can delineate which nodes could be preserved during ALND.
A millimeter‐wave broadband E‐plane out‐of‐phase power divider integrated with rectangular waveguide to substrate integrated waveguide transition
Authors: Jin Huayan , Bu Shunqiu , Luo Guoqing , Chin Kuo‐Sheng 
Published: September 2020

AbstractA millimeter‐wave broadband E‐plane out‐of‐phase power divider integrated with transition from a rectangular waveguide to substrate integrated waveguides (SIWs), is proposed. Two SIW cavities and two I‐shaped coupling apertures are used to achieve out‐of‐phase or differential signal division with broadband impedance matching. Owing to the symmetrical structure, a pair of differential signals with a phase difference less than 180° ± 0.1° and an amplitude imbalance less than 0.01 dB can be achieved. For measurement, a back‐to‐back test is fabricated and measured in Ka‐band by multilayer PCB fabrication process. The experimental results show that the insertion loss of a single transition is less than 0.65 dB within the 10‐dB impedance bandwidth from 26.9 to 38.6 GHz.
Updated size index valid for both neurogenic and myogenic changes
Authors: Sonoo Masahiro , Ogawa Go , Hokkoku Keiichi , Stålberg Erik 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundSize index (SI) is a motor unit potential (MUP) parameter in concentric needle electromyography calculated from amplitude and area/amplitude, which can sensitively discriminate between control and neurogenic MUPs. In this study, we investigated the application of SI to myogenic MUPs based on expanded data.MethodsMUPs were collected from the biceps brachii (BB) and tibialis anterior (TA) muscles. Muscles showing unequivocal neurogenic or myogenic changes by visual inspection were selected for patients. In addition to the original SI, a revised SI (rSI) was defined using the logarithmic scale for area/amplitude. The coefficient for area/amplitude was varied and that achieving the best sensitivity both for BB and TA was selected.ResultsAnalyzed were 1619, 340, and 498 MUPs from the BB of 26, 10, and 14 subjects (control, neurogenic, and myogenic), respectively, and 1245, 536, and 473 MUPs from the TA of 23, 18, and 13 subjects (control, neurogenic, and myogenic), respectively. For neurogenic MUPs, the original SI and the newly defined rSIn were similarly sensitive (82.1% and 81.8% sensitivity for SI and rSIn, respectively, for BB, and 68.1% and 69.6% for TA), and were more sensitive than area (72.6% for BB and 57.6% for TA), the most sensitive parameter among conventional ones. For myogenic MUPs, the sensitivity of rSIm was 9.0% for BB and 24.5% for TA, which was not significantly different from duration (7.4% for BB and 21.8% for TA), the most sensitive parameter among conventional ones.ConclusionsSI, rSIn, and rSIm are promising as new MUP parameters.
Ethnic Differences in Body Fat Deposition and Liver Fat Content in Two UK‐Based Cohorts
Authors: Alenaini Wareed , Parkinson James R. C. , McCarthy John P. , Goldstone Anthony P. , Wilman Henry R. , Banerjee Rajarshi , Yaghootkar Hanieh , Bell Jimmy D. , Thomas E. Louise 
Published: September 2020

ObjectiveDifferences in the content and distribution of body fat and ectopic lipids may be responsible for ethnic variations in metabolic disease susceptibility. The aim of this study was to examine the ethnic distribution of body fat in two separate UK‐based populations.MethodsAnthropometry and body composition were assessed in two separate UK cohorts: the Hammersmith cohort and the UK Biobank, both comprising individuals of South Asian descent (SA), individuals of Afro‐Caribbean descent (AC), and individuals of European descent (EUR). Regional adipose tissue stores and liver fat were measured by magnetic resonance techniques.ResultsThe Hammersmith cohort (n = 747) had a mean (SD) age of 41.1 (14.5) years (EUR: 374 men, 240 women; SA: 68 men, 22 women; AC: 14 men, 29 women), and the UK Biobank (n = 9,533) had a mean (SD) age of 55.5 (7.5) years (EUR: 4,483 men, 4,873 women; SA: 80 men, 43 women, AC: 31 men, 25 women). Following adjustment for age and BMI, no significant differences in visceral adipose tissue or liver fat were observed between SA and EUR individuals in the either cohort.ConclusionsOur data, consistent across two independent UK‐based cohorts, present a limited number of ethnic differences in the distribution of body fat depots associated with metabolic disease. These results suggest that the ethnic variation in susceptibility to features of the metabolic syndrome may not arise from differences in body fat.
Pathological post‐mortem findings in lungs infected with SARS‐CoV‐2
Authors: Damiani Stefania , Fiorentino Michelangelo , De Palma Alessandra , Foschini Maria Pia , Lazzarotto Tiziana , Gabrielli Liliana , Viale Pier Luigi , Attard Luciano , Riefolo Mattia , D'Errico Antonia 
Published: September 2020

AbstractItaly was the first European nation to be massively infected by SARS‐CoV‐2. Up to the end of May 2020, more than 33,000 deaths had been recorded in Italy, with a large prevalence among males, those over 75 years of age, and in association with co‐morbidities. We describe the lung pathological and immunohistochemical post‐mortem findings at the autopsy of nine patients who died of SARS‐CoV‐2‐associated disease. We found in the lung tissues of all patients histological changes consistent with diffuse alveolar damage in various evolution phases ranging from acute exudative to acute proliferative to fibrotic phase. Alveolar damage was associated with prominent involvement of the vascular component in both the interstitial capillaries and the mid‐size vessels, with capillary fibrin micro‐thrombi, as well as organized thrombi even in medium‐sized arteries, in most cases not related to sources of embolism. Eosinophilic infiltrate was also seen, probably reactive to pharmacological treatment. Viral RNA of SARS‐CoV‐2 was detected from the lung tissues of all the nine patients. Immunohistochemistry for the receptor of the SARS‐CoV‐2, ACE2, and its priming activator TMPRSS2 revealed that both proteins co‐localize in airway cells. In particular, the ACE2 protein was expressed in both endothelial cells and alveolar type I and II pneumocytes in the areas of histological diffuse alveolar damage (DAD). Pneumocytes, but not endothelial cells, also expressed TMPRSS2. There are no distinctive histological features of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection with respect to SARS‐CoV‐1 and other DAD with different aetiology. The identification of the cause of death in the course of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection is more likely multi‐factorial. © 2020 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Enhanced thermal and dielectric performance of epoxy resin/aluminum nitride nanocomposites at high temperatures
Authors: Chen Xiangrong , Dai Chao , Jiang Tie , Paramane Ashish 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe effects of nano‐aluminum nitride (nano‐AlN) on the thermal conductivity and dielectric performances of epoxy resin (EP) are investigated. The addition of nanoparticles in the materials is characterized. The trap characteristics of the samples are estimated using the surface potential decay (SPD) measurements at high temperatures. The results show that the nano‐AlN fillers are well dispersed in the nano‐AlN composites. The thermal conductivity consistently increases with an increase of the nano‐AlN content. The DC breakdown strength of the EP is enhanced with the addition of the nanoparticles as well, especially for the 0.5 and 1 wt% EP/AlN composites. The DC conductivity of the EP/AlN composites increases more obviously at the high temperature. The initial surface charge density of the samples with the same content of nano‐filler decreases with the increase of the temperature. Both the addition of nanoparticles and high temperature can improve the apparent carrier mobility of the EP sample. The trap density and trap level of the deep traps decreases with the increase of the temperature. It is postulated that shallow traps influence the voltage decay in the EP samples and increase the activation energy and the apparent carrier mobility of the specimens at the high temperature.
Simultaneous determination of multiple active 2‐(2‐phenylethyl)chromone analogues in agarwood by HPLC, QAMS, and UPLC‐MS
Authors: Gao Mei , Han Xiaomin , Huang Junqing , Sun Ying , Liu Yangyang , Chen Hongjiang , Jin Yue , Yang Yun , Gao Zhihui , Xu Yanhong , Zhang Zheng , He Chunnian 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIntroductionChromones are the major constituents of agarwood and are considered to be directly related to its quality. Agarotetrol, a chromone derivative, is a Chinese Pharmacopoeia content detection index. However, comprehensive high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), quantitative analysis of multiple components by a single marker (QAMS), and ultra‐performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (UPLC‐MS) analyses of this pharmacopeial plant material have never been performed. Moreover, reports regarding the separation and detection of multiple active 2‐(2‐phenylethyl)chromone analogues from this plant material are surprisingly scarce.ObjectiveTo establish a simple, reliable, and effective HPLC method utilising both diode array and MS detection for the simultaneous determination of multiple active chromone analogues in agarwood.MethodsFour 2‐(2‐phenylethyl)chromones were isolated from methanol extracts of agarwood. After optimising the extraction, separation, and analytical conditions, validation of the developed analytical method indicated good linearity, satisfactory precision, and good recovery. On this basis, a method for the quantitative analysis of multiple components by a single marker was established. The four 2‐(2‐phenylethyl)chromones were identified by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic analysis and UPLC coupled to electrospray ionisation quadrupole‐time‐of‐flight MS.ConclusionsThe behaviour of the chromones characterised by MS fragmentation indicated a loss of molecular CO and the formation of m/z 121 compounds by the cleavage of CH2‐CH2 bonds between the chromone and phenyl moieties. Three detection methods were successfully used in this study for agarwood detection, and this protocol may potentially be used as a tool for the quality control of agarwood.
Piezoelectric properties reflecting nanostructures of tetrathiafulvalene and chloranil complexes using cyclic peptide nanotube scaffolds
Authors: Ohmura Hiroshi , Tabata Yuki , Kimura Shunsaku , Uji Hirotaka 
Published: September 2020

AbstractTetrathiafulvalene (TTF) and chloranil were introduced at the side chains of different cyclic tripeptides, which were self‐assembled into peptide nanotubes (PNTs). PNTs were used as scaffolds for alignment of the charge‐transfer complexes between TTF and chloranil, and they were prepared via two methods, one is that mixing a PNT comprising only TTF with a PNT comprising only chloranil (method 1), and the other is that one pot mixing of cyclic tripeptides with TTF and cyclic tripeptides with chloranil to be self‐assembled into PNTs (method 2). These PNTs naturally associated to form PNT bundles. The surface potentials of the PNT bundles became larger for the PNTs carrying charge‐transfer complexes along the PNT (method 2) than those between PNTs (method 1). This bundle of PNT carrying charge‐transfer complexes along the PNT (method 2) showed a hysteresis response in the piezoelectric force curve with varying bias voltages according to piezoelectric force microscope measurements.
Registration of ‘NE10589’ (Husker Genetics Brand Ruth) hard red winter wheat
Authors: Baenziger P. S. , Graybosch R. A. , Rose D. J. , Xu L. , Guttieri M. J. , Regassa T. , Klein R. N. , Kruger G. R. , Santra D. K. , Hergert G. W. , Wegulo S. N. , Jin Y. , Kolmer J. , Hein G. L. , Bradshaw J. , Chen M.‐S. , Bai G. , Bowden R. L. , El‐Basyoni I. , Lorenz A. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWith climate variation common in the U.S. Great Plains and particularly in Nebraska, wheat growers prefer broadly adapted cultivars. ‘NE10589’ (Reg. no. CV‐1165, PI 675998) hard red winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was developed cooperatively by the Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station and the USDA–ARS and released in January 2015 by the developing institutions. NE10589 was released primarily as a broadly adapted semi‐dwarf cultivar for its superior performance under rainfed conditions throughout Nebraska and adjacent areas of the Great Plains. Its broad adaptation ensures that it will perform well under the typical environmental fluctuations that occur in Nebraska. NE10589 was selected from the cross ‘OK98697’/‘Jagalene’//‘Camelot’, where the pedigree of OK98697 is ‘TAM 200’/‘HBB313E’//‘2158’. The F2 to F3 generations were advanced using the bulk breeding method at the Eastern Nebraska Research and Extension Center near Mead, NE, in 2006–2007. In 2007–2008, single F3:4 head rows were grown for selection. There was no further selection within the line thereafter. The F3:5 was evaluated as a single four‐row plot at Lincoln, NE, and a single row at Mead, NE, in 2009. In 2010, it was assigned the experimental line number NE10589. NE10589 was evaluated in replicated trials thereafter. It has excellent winter survival, acceptable disease reactions to many of the common diseases in its target area, and acceptable end‐use quality for bread making.
Deep Learning in Proteomics
Authors: Wen Bo , Zeng Wen‐Feng , Liao Yuxing , Shi Zhiao , Savage Sara R. , Jiang Wen , Zhang Bing 
Published: September 2020

AbstractProteomics, the study of all the proteins in biological systems, is becoming a data‐rich science. Protein sequences and structures are comprehensively catalogued in online databases. With recent advancements in tandem mass spectrometry (MS) technology, protein expression and post‐translational modifications (PTMs) can be studied in a variety of biological systems at the global scale. Sophisticated computational algorithms are needed to translate the vast amount of data into novel biological insights. Deep learning automatically extracts data representations at high levels of abstraction from data, and it thrives in data‐rich scientific research domains. Here, a comprehensive overview of deep learning applications in proteomics, including retention time prediction, MS/MS spectrum prediction, de novo peptide sequencing, PTM prediction, major histocompatibility complex‐peptide binding prediction, and protein structure prediction, is provided. Limitations and the future directions of deep learning in proteomics are also discussed. This review will provide readers an overview of deep learning and how it can be used to analyze proteomics data.
The performance of acquisitions of founder CEO firms: The effect of founder firm premium
Authors: Kumar M. V. Shyam , Nagarajan Nandu J. , Schlingemann Frederik P. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractResearch SummaryWe study the market performance of acquirers of targets that are public founder CEO firms. Using a switching regression model, we first estimate the unique value embedded in these targets due to founder presence, which we term “Founder Firm Premium.” We find Founder Firm Premium was positively associated with founder CEO departure ex‐post, and was negatively associated with acquirer abnormal returns. Our results suggest that the while acquirers pay for founder human capital upfront, they may not necessarily appropriate the associated value ex‐post, and that this uncertainty significantly influences acquisition performance. Additionally we illustrate the tradeoffs involved in founder CEO acquisitions, while drawing attention to the need for differentiating between professional and entrepreneurial human capital in acquisitions.Managerial SummaryWhat risks do acquirers face when buying targets that are founder CEO firms? Founder CEO firms provide access to the human capital of founders and the distinctive organizations these individuals have built over time. However, founder CEOs are also difficult to retain, making it challenging for acquirers to capture the unique value and the associated premium embedded in these firms. We show that founder retention risks play a central role and can result in investors discounting these acquisitions. However, we also find that the non‐founder resources these firms possess in various functional areas can be an important source of value creation in these transactions. Acquirers thus need to be aware of these tradeoffs, while integrating founder CEO firms differently from professional CEO firms.
Facile Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of New Thieno[2,3‐g]indolizine Derivatives
Authors: Zinoveva Anna D. , Borisova Tatiana N. , Politova Polina A. , Titov Alexander A. , Varlamov Alexey V. , Voskressensky Leonid G. , Nguyen Van Tuyen , Le Tuan Anh 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAn effective approach to the synthesis of thieno[2,3‐g]indolizine derivatives has been developed. A wide variety of reagents such as unsaturated aldehydes, methylvinylketone, esters of acrylic acid, maleic anhydride, methyl propiolate, dimethyl and diethyl acetylenedicarboxylates in the construction of functionally diverse rarely encountered tricyclic system has been used. A high number of structurally various thieno[2,3‐g]indolizines has been obtained in domino reactions with medium and high yields, the influence of solvents on the course of transformations has been studied, and the presence of moderate cytotoxic activity for a number of compounds has been established.
The Features and Progress of Electrolyte for Potassium Ion Batteries
Authors: Liu Yiwei , Gao Cun , Dai Lei , Deng Qibo , Wang Ling , Luo Jiayan , Liu Shan , Hu Ning 
Published: September 2020

AbstractNowadays, Li‐ion batteries have achieved great success and are widely used in various fields. However, the scarcity and uneven distribution of lithium resources together with the increasing cost may hamper the sustainable development of Li‐ion batteries in the future. Hence, many researchers have turned to potassium ion batteries due to their abundant raw materials, low price, and high energy density. Although great progress has been made in recent years, there are still existing many challenges, especially the severe side reaction between electrolyte and K metal, which leads to an unstable solid–liquid interface and low coulombic efficiency. Hence, an excellent electrolyte may be the key to development of K‐ion batteries in the future. Unfortunately, no systematic research has been conducted to study the electrolyte and its role on the performance yet. In order to compensate for this limitation, in this paper, the status and progress of electrolytes for K‐ion batteries are reviewed, the issues and challenges existing in the development of electrolyte are clarified, and the future development is prospected.
Ball‐Bearing‐Inspired Polyampholyte‐Modified Microspheres as Bio‐Lubricants Attenuate Osteoarthritis
Authors: Yang Jielai , Han Ying , Lin Jiawei , Zhu Yuan , Wang Fei , Deng Lianfu , Zhang Hongyu , Xu Xiangyang , Cui Wenguo 
Published: September 2020

AbstractOsteoarthritis, a lubrication dysfunction related disorder in joint, is characterized by articular cartilage degradation and joint capsule inflammation. Enhancing joint lubrication, combined with anti‐inflammatory therapy, is considered as an effective strategy for osteoarthritis treatment. Herein, based on the ball‐bearing‐inspired superlubricity and the mussel‐inspired adhesion, a superlubricated microsphere, i.e., poly (dopamine methacrylamide‐to‐sulfobetaine methacrylate)‐grafted microfluidic gelatin methacrylate sphere (MGS@DMA‐SBMA), is developed by fabricating a monodisperse, size‐uniform microsphere using the microfluidic technology, and then a spontaneously modified microsphere with DMA‐SBMA copolymer by a one‐step biomimetic grafting approach. The microspheres are endowed with enhanced lubrication due to the tenacious hydration layer formed around the charged headgroups (‐N+(CH3)2‐ and ‐SO3−) of the grafted poly sulfobetaine methacrylate (pSBMA), and simultaneously are capable of efficient drug loading and release capability due to their porous structure. Importantly, the grafting of pSBMA enables the microspheres with preferable properties (i.e., enhanced lubrication, reduced degradation, and sustained drug release) that are highly desirable for intraarticular treatment of osteoarthritis. In addition, when loaded with diclofenac sodium, the superlubricated microspheres with excellent biocompatibility can inhibit the tumor necrosis factor α (TNF‐α)‐induced chondrocyte degradation in vitro, and further exert a therapeutic effect toward osteoarthritis in vivo.