bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Broadband Dynamics of Ubiquitin by Anionic and Cationic Nanoparticle Assisted NMR Spin Relaxation
Authors: Wardenfelt Stacey , Xiang Xinyao , Xie Mouzhe , Yu Lei , Bruschweiler‐Li Lei , Brüschweiler Rafael 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe quantitative and comprehensive description of the internal dynamics of proteins is critical for understanding their function. Nanoparticle‐assisted 15N NMR spin relaxation spectroscopy is a new method for the observation of picosecond to microsecond dynamics of proteins when transiently interacting with the surface of the nanoparticles (NPs). The method is applied here to the protein ubiquitin in the presence of anionic and cationic silica NPs (SNPs) of different sizes. The backbone dynamics profiles are reproducible and strikingly similar to each other, indicating that specific protein–SNP interactions are unimportant. The dynamics profiles closely match the sub‐nanosecond dynamics S2 values observed by model‐free analysis of standard 15N relaxation of ubiquitin in free solution, indicating that the bulk of the ubiquitin backbone dynamics in solution is confined to sub‐nanosecond timescales and, hence, it is dynamically more restrained than previous NMR studies have suggested.
LEAD‐m6A‐seq for Locus‐Specific Detection of N6‐Methyladenosine and Quantification of Differential Methylation
Authors: Wang Yuru , Zhang Zijie , Sepich‐Poore Caraline , Zhang Lisheng , Xiao Yu , He Chuan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractN6‐methyladenosine (m6A) is a crucial RNA chemical mark which plays important roles in various biological processes. The development of highly multiplexed, cost‐effective, and easy‐to‐operate methodologies for locus‐specific analysis of m6A is critical for advancing our understanding of the roles of this modification. Herein, we report a method which builds upon the principle of the previously reported SELECT approach by significantly improving its efficiency and coupling it to next generation sequencing technology for high‐throughput validation and detection of m6A modification at selected sites (LEAD‐m6A‐seq). Through probing cDNA extension mediated by Bst DNA polymerase at and near target cellular sites by sequencing, we evaluated m6A modification at these sites, and estimated differential methylation levels (0–84 %) upon in vitro demethylation by the m6A demethylase FTO with high reproducibility. We envision that this strategy can be readily used for testing a greater number of sites with a broad dynamic range and modified to study other RNA modifications.
From Sergeants and Soldiers to Chiral Conflict Effects in Helical Polymers by Acting on the Conformational Composition of the Comonomers
Authors: Cobos Katherine , Rodríguez Rafael , Quiñoá Emilio , Riguera Ricardo , Freire Félix 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDifferent communication mechanisms can be switched within a copolymer by acting on the conformational composition of the components and their chirality. Thus, a sergeant and soldiers effect is produced in two diastereomeric copolymer series, poly[(S)‐1r‐co‐(S)‐2(1−r)] and poly[(R)‐1r‐co‐(S)‐2(1−r)], owing to the presence in chloroform of a preferred conformation in (S)‐2, and a conformational equilibrium in 1, where a P helix is induced independently of the absolute configuration of the soldier. In THF, the presence of a conformational equilibrium at the pendants of the two components produces a reciprocal chiral enhancement effect by copolymerization of the two monomers, while in DMF, a third chiral to chiral communication switch is produced due to the presence of a single conformer at the pendant group of the two components. In such a case, a chiral conflict or chiral accord effect is produced depending if the two components induce the same or the opposite helical sense.
Reductive Hexamerization of CO Involving Cooperativity Between Magnesium(I) Reductants and [Mo(CO)6]: Synthesis of Well‐Defined Magnesium Benzenehexolate Complexes**
Authors: Paparo Albert , Yuvaraj K. , Matthews Aidan J. R. , Douair Iskander , Maron Laurent , Jones Cameron 
Published: September 2020

AbstractReactions of two magnesium(I) compounds, [{(ArNacnac)Mg}2] (ArNacnac=[HC(MeCNAr)2]−; Ar=mesityl (Mes) or o‐xylyl (Xyl)), with CO in the presence of [Mo(CO)6] lead to the reductive hexamerization of CO, and formation of magnesium benzenehexolate complexes, [{(ArNacnac)Mg}6(C6O6)]. [Mo(CO)6] is not consumed in these reactions, but is apparently required to initiate (or catalyze) the CO hexamerizations. A range of studies were used to probe the mechanism of formation of the benzenehexolate complexes. The magnesium(I) reductive hexamerizations of CO are closely related to Liebig's reduction of CO with molten potassium (to give K6C6O6, amongst other products), originally reported in 1834. As the mechanism of that reaction is still unknown, it seems reasonable that magnesium(I) reductions of CO could prove useful homogeneous models for its elucidation, and for the study of other C−C bond forming reactions that use CO as a C1 feedstock (e.g. the Fischer–Tropsch process).
Amino‐Supported Palladium Catalyst for Chemo‐ and Stereoselective Domino Reactions
Authors: Li Man‐Bo , Yang Jie , Yang Ying , Xu Guo‐Yong , Luo Gen , Yang Jianping , Bäckvall Jan‐E. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractA solid amino‐supported palladium catalyst is used in an oxidative domino reaction for the diastereoselective construction of alkyne‐substituted cyclopentenol compounds. This heterogeneous catalyst exhibits high efficiency and excellent chemoselectivity, as well as good recyclability. The chemoselectivity of the domino reactions was readily controlled by switching the solvent and catalyst. Asymmetric syntheses and an oxidative carbocyclization‐borylation reaction have also been developed based on the heterogeneous palladium catalyst.
Bright and Stable NIR‐II J‐Aggregated AIE Dibodipy‐Based Fluorescent Probe for Dynamic In Vivo Bioimaging
Authors: Zhang Qisong , Yu Peng , Fan Yong , Sun Caixia , He Haisheng , Liu Xuan , Lu Lingfei , Zhao Mengyao , Zhang Hongxin , Zhang Fan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractOrganic dyes emitting in the second near‐infrared (NIR‐II, 900–1700 nm) window, with high molar extinction coefficients (MEC) and quantum yields (QY) in aqueous, are essential for in vivo bioimaging and biosensing. In this work, we developed a dibodipy‐based aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) fluorescent probe, THPP, to meet this aim. THPP exhibits a high MEC and has intensified absorption and emission in J‐aggregated state, which significantly enhance the fluorescence intensity (≈55 folds) and extend the maximal absorption/emission wavelengths to 970/1010 nm in NIR‐II region. Based on the bright THPP, imaging with a high frame rate (34 frames per second) at a deep “valid penetration depth” up to 6 mm can be achieved. This enabled simultaneous and dynamic imaging of vasculatures and deep tissues. Besides, we succeeded in monitoring the respiratory rate of acute‐lung‐injury mice and tracing the collateral circulation process with a high frame rate.
High Ammonia Uptake of a Metal–Organic Framework Adsorbent in a Wide Pressure Range
Authors: Kim Dae Won , Kang Dong Won , Kang Minjung , Lee Jung‐Hoon , Choe Jong Hyeak , Chae Yun Seok , Choi Doo San , Yun Hongryeol , Hong Chang Seop 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAlthough numerous porous adsorbents have been investigated for NH3capture applications, these materials often exhibit insufficient NH3uptake, low NH3affinity at the ppm level, and poor chemical stability against wet NH3conditions. The NH3capture properties of M2(dobpdc) complexes (M=Mg2+, Mn2+, Co2+, Ni2+, and Zn2+; dobpdc4−=4,4‐dioxidobiphenyl‐3,3‐dicarboxylate) that contain open metal sites is presented. The NH3uptake of Mg2(dobpdc) at 298 K was 23.9 mmol g−1at 1 bar and 8.25 mmol g−1at 570 ppm, which are record high capacities at both pressures among existing porous adsorbents. The structural stability of Mg2(dobpdc) upon exposure to wet NH3was superior to that of the other M2(dobpdc) and the frameworks tested. Overall, these results demonstrate that Mg2(dobpdc) is a recyclable compound that exhibits significant NH3affinity and capacity, making it a promising candidate for real‐world NH3‐capture applications.
Telmisartan detection by UV spectrophotometry in mice drinking water
Authors: Gonçalves Leidyanne Ferreira , Fernandes‐Santos Caroline 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAnimal models are often used to test the safety and efficacy of drugs in cell culture and body systems. Several researchers deliver drugs to rodents in drinking water, although it has some limitations. For instance, drug stability, water consumption, and body mass fluctuation may change drug dose. Thus, we investigated telmisartan (TEL) stability in mice drinking water by UV spectrophotometry, and if water intake and body mass were fluctuated then it changes the predicted drug dose. The results showed that UV spectrophotometry could detect TEL at the wavelength of 300 nm, and the concentration curve was set between 1.25 and 60 µg/mL. Also, it remained stable in mice drinking water for 7 days at the predicted concentration. Mice gained weight after 8 weeks on a high‐fat high‐sucrose diet, and it was reduced by TEL 5 mg/kg/day after 3 weeks. Although water intake remained stable, not adjusting the TEL concentration weekly by body mass would lead to higher consumption of TEL by mice. In conclusion, we demonstrated that body mass and water intake fluctuations significantly change the amount of drug that the animal receives, which would add bias to the experiment. TEL remains stable for at least 7 days in wrapped mice water bottles in the animal care facility, and UV spectrophotometry proved to be a simple and low‐cost method to detect TEL in mice drinking water.
SiC whiskers‐reinforced polyimide aerogel composites with robust compressive properties and efficient thermal insulation performance
Authors: Hou Xianbo , Li Yan , Luo Xiaoguang , Zhang Rubing 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPolyimide (PI) aerogels enable promising application in many fields but are always inhibited by their weak resistance to high temperature and low mechanical properties. Herein, novel PI aerogel composites with efficient heat insulation and high compressive performance are prepared by introducing Silicon carbide whiskers (SiCw) as reinforcement. The SiCw in aerogel function as shrinkage inhibitor and high temperature stabilizer. The addition of SiCw exhibits obvious enhancement and toughening effect, the compressive strength of the PI aerogel composites increases from 1.09 to 1.96 MPa. These PI aerogel composites also show enhanced high temperature stability. The as‐prepared PI aerogel composites possess integrated properties of high‐temperature resistance, low thermal conductivity, and high compressive strength, which can be the candidate for the application in aerospace.
Robust mosaicking of maize fields from aerial imagery
Authors: Aktar Rumana , Kharismawati Dewi Endah , Palaniappan Kannappan , Aliakbarpour Hadi , Bunyak Filiz , Stapleton Ann E. , Kazic Toni 
Published: September 2020

PremiseAerial imagery from small unmanned aerial vehicle systems is a promising approach for high‐throughput phenotyping and precision agriculture. A key requirement for both applications is to create a field‐scale mosaic of the aerial imagery sequence so that the same features are in registration, a very challenging problem for crop imagery.MethodsWe have developed an improved mosaicking pipeline, Video Mosaicking and summariZation (VMZ), which uses a novel two‐dimensional mosaicking algorithm that minimizes errors in estimating the transformations between successive frames during registration. The VMZ pipeline uses only the imagery, rather than relying on vehicle telemetry, ground control points, or global positioning system data, to estimate the frame‐to‐frame homographies. It exploits the spatiotemporal ordering of the image frames to reduce the computational complexity of finding corresponding features between frames using feature descriptors. We compared the performance of VMZ to a standard two‐dimensional mosaicking algorithm (AutoStitch) by mosaicking imagery of two maize (Zea mays) research nurseries freely flown with a variety of trajectories.ResultsThe VMZ pipeline produces superior mosaics faster. Using the speeded up robust features (SURF) descriptor, VMZ produces the highest‐quality mosaics.DiscussionOur results demonstrate the value of VMZ for the future automated extraction of plant phenotypes and dynamic scouting for crop management.
Validation of a survey for measuring scientists' attitudes toward data reuse
Authors: Winkler Christa E. , Berenbon Rebecca Fay 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis study investigated the validity of a survey measuring scientists' attitudes toward data reuse. Rasch analysis was used to examine the psychometric properties of the survey. Structural equation modeling was subsequently used to examine the validity of hypothesized relationships among the constructs measured by the survey. Overall, findings supported validity of the existing measure for use among researchers across academic disciplines. Recommendations for further refinement of the survey include the addition of new items to improve reliability of measurement. Additionally, implications for organizational practice are discussed, including the importance of fostering individual researchers' perceived usefulness of secondary data, as well as providing access to data repositories and organizational resources for data reuse.
Synthesis of 4‐Acylchromene via Highly Chemoselective Iodine‐Catalyzed Cyclization of Alkynylarylether Dimethylacetals
Authors: Rodphon Warabhorn , Thongsornkleeb Charnsak , Tummatorn Jumreang , Ruchirawat Somsak 
Published: September 2020

Abstract4‐Acylchromene is an important core structure found in bioactive natural products and bioactive synthetic compounds. Moreover, this core structure is frequently used as a key precursor for the synthesis of more complex molecules. In this work, we discovered that a combination of acetone and catalytic I2 could lead to selective activation of acetal in alkynylarylether dimethylacetal substrates while alkyne moiety remained intact. This activation of acetal led to the generation of oxonium ion intermediate which triggered intramolecular cyclization and elimination of methanol to provide the desired 4‐acylchromene as the sole product in up to 95% yield. Moreover, this method could be applied in a broad range of substrates under a mild and metal‐free catalytic conditions for the synthesis of 4‐acylchromene derivatives.
Enhancement of Structural, Electrochemical, and Thermal Properties of Ni‐Rich LiNi0.85Co0.1Mn0.05O2 Cathode Materials for Li‐Ion Batteries by Al and Ti Doping
Authors: Levartovsky Yehonatan , Wu Xiaohan , Erk Christoph , Maiti Sandipan , Grinblat Judith , Talianker Michael , Aurbach Doron 
Published: September 2020

AbstractNi‐rich layered oxides LiNi1‐x‐yCoxMnyO2 (1−x−y>0.5) are promising cathode materials for the new generation of Li‐ion batteries suitable for electro‐mobility due to their high energy density, good rate capability, and relatively low cost. However, their main drawback is poor cycling performance, particularly at elevated temperatures. In this research, it is demonstrated how doping with Al and Ti, using straightforward solid‐state mixing synthesis, can dramatically enhance the structural, electrochemical, and thermal properties of LiNi0.85Co0.1Mn0.05O2 (NCM85). The capacity retention of Al‐doped and Ti‐doped cathodes after 100 cycles at 100 % DOD at 1 C and 45 °C using standard electrolyte solutions could reach nearly 99 % and 78 %, respectively, while the capacity retention of the undoped material was less than 74 % in similar experiments. Doping with Al and Ti facilitates the Li intercalation processes and reduces voltage hysteresis. Structural study of the cycled cathodes shows that doping with Al, and to a smaller extent with Ti, reduces the formation of cracks in the particles of the cathode materials upon cycling, consequently reducing degradation. Thermal studies show that doping with Al or Ti improves the thermal stability of these cathode materials. Highly interesting is the correlation between the morphology and thermal stability, impedance properties and the electrochemical characteristics as a function of doping.
Genetic manipulation of non‐solvent‐producing microbial species for effective butanol production
Authors: Lv Yang , Jiang Yujia , Peng Wenfang , Fang Yan , Dong Weiliang , Zhou Jie , Zhang Wenming , Xin Fengxue , Jiang Min 
Published: September 2020

AbstractButanol is widely used as an important bulk chemical and is a potential biofuel. The depletion of fossil fuels and advances in synthetic biotechnology have led to renewed interest in the biological production of butanol. Solventogenic Clostridium was commonly used to produce butanol through traditional acetone‐butanol‐ethanol (ABE) fermentation. However, its relatively slow growth rate, low butanol tolerance, and poor production efficiency have hindered the further application of this procedure. Recently, other promising industrial hosts, including Escherichia coli, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Clostridium tyrobutyricum, have been studied for potential use in the production of butanol. This review comprehensively summarizes the advantages and challenges of different non‐solvent strains for butanol production to identify better the ideal non‐solvent hosts for butanol production. Strategies to further increase butanol production are also proposed. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Perirenal fat thickness as a predictor of postoperative complications after laparoscopic distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer
Authors: Eto K , Ida S , Ohashi T , Kumagai K , Nunobe S , Ohashi M , Sano T , Hiki N 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Background
Laparoscopic distal gastrectomy is used widely in surgery for gastric cancer. Excess visceral fat can limit the ability to dissect the suprapancreatic region, potentially increasing the risk of local complications, particularly pancreatic fistula. This study evaluated perirenal fat thickness as a surrogate for visceral fat to see whether this was related to complications after laparoscopic distal gastrectomy.

Methods
Perirenal fat thickness was measured dorsal to the left kidney as an indicator of visceral fat in patients with gastric cancer who underwent laparoscopic distal gastrectomy. Patients were divided into two groups: those with and those without complications. The relationship between perirenal fat thickness and postoperative complications was evaluated.

Results
The optimal cut-off value for predicting morbidity using adipose tissue thickness was 10·7 mm; a distance equal to or greater than this was considered a positive perirenal fat thickness sign (PTS). A positive PTS showed a significant correlation with visceral fat area. Multivariable analysis found that a positive PTS was an independent risk factor for complications (hazard ratio 4·42, 95 per cent c.i. 2·31 to 8·86; P &lt; 0·001).

Conclusion
Perirenal fat thickness as an indicator of visceral fat was an independent predictor of postoperative complications after laparoscopic distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer.
CUREing cancer: Development and implementation of a molecular biology‐focused course‐based undergraduate research experience using a cancer cell culture model
Authors: Guttilla Reed Irene K. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMany students in the sciences are interested in exploring research opportunities; however, the one‐on‐one faculty mentorship model often lacks the ability to supervise large numbers of students. An alternative mechanism for exposing undergraduate students to the research process is participation in a Course‐based Undergraduate Research Experience (CURE). CUREs promote inclusivity in research, and provide structure for both students and faculty while engaging students in scientific discovery. This study describes a model for a CURE in cancer biology, and reports student outcomes. Students utilized bioinformatics to predict targets genes of miR‐100, a microRNA that is differentially expressed in a cell culture model of breast cancer metastasis. Students were required to engage with primary literature to write a grant proposal for their target gene, and then were trained to perform basic molecular biology techniques to test their individual hypotheses. Additionally, the course integrated opportunities to troubleshoot experiments and present data to the group, and culminated in a publication style scientific report discussing the results of their individual research project. Students reported significantly increased confidence in executing various molecular biology techniques and research‐related skills based on pre‐ and post‐assessment surveys. Student feedback also indicated that they gained an understanding of primary literature, experimental design, and scientific writing as a result of the course. This study supports that CUREs can be an effective pedagogy for not only engaging larger groups of students in research, but also improving their confidence and skill set in the laboratory.
Effects of lixisenatide treatment on mild cachexia and related metabolic abnormalities in Walker‐256 tumour‐bearing rats
Authors: Quintilhano Débora L. , Miksza Daniele R. , Biazi Giuliana R. , Frasson‐Uemura Isabele G. , Graciano Maria Fernanda R. , Mazzuco Tânia L. , Carpinelli Ângelo R. , de Souza Helenir M. , Bertolini Gisele L. 
Published: September 2020

Lixisenatide, a glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) receptor agonist, is used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). It increases insulin (INS) secretion and can decrease INS resistance, improving metabolic disorders in this disease. However, its effects on metabolic disturbances in cancer‐bearing, which also exhibit decreased INS secretion and INS resistance, changes that may contribute to weight loss (cachexia), have not yet been evaluated. The purpose of this study was to investigate the lixisenatide treatment effects on mild cachexia and related metabolic abnormalities in Walker‐256 tumour‐bearing rats. Lixisenatide (50 μg kg−1, SC) was administered once daily, for 6 days, after inoculation of Walker‐256 tumour cells. Acute lixisenatide treatment did not improve hypoinsulinemia, INS secretion and INS resistance of tumour‐bearing rats. It also did not prevent the reduced glucose and increased triacylglycerol and lactate in the blood and nor the loss of retroperitoneal and epididymal fat of these animals. However, acute lixisenatide treatment accentuated the body mass loss of tumour‐bearing rats. Therefore, lixisenatide, unlike T2DM, does not improve hypoinsulinemia and INS resistance associated with cancer, evidencing that it does not have the same beneficial effects in these two diseases. In addition, lixisenatide aggravated weight loss of tumour‐bearing rats, suggesting that its use for treatment of T2DM patients with cancer should be avoided.Significance of the studyLixisenatide increases insulin secretion and appears to reduce insulin resistance in T2DM. However, lixisenatide treatment does not improve hypoinsulinemia and insulin resistance associated with cancer, as it does in T2DM, and aggravated weight loss, suggesting that its use for treatment of T2DM patients with cancer should be avoided.