bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EUCLIA. II. On the Puzzling Large UV to X-Ray Lags in Seyfert Galaxies
Authors: Cai Zhen-Yi , Wang Jun-Xian , Sun Mouyuan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Recent intense X-ray and UV monitoring campaigns with Swift have detected clear UV lags behind X-ray in several local active galactic nuclei (AGNs). The UV to X-ray lags are often larger (by a factor of up to ∼20) than expected if the UV variation is simply due to the X-ray reprocessing. We previously developed a model in which the UV/optical variations are attributed to disk turbulences, and the effect of large-scale turbulence is considered. Our model, which overcomes many severe challenges to the reprocessing scheme, can explain the observed variations in NGC 5548, particularly the correlations and lags among the UV/optical bands. In this work, assuming the corona heating is associated with turbulences in the inner accretion disk, we extend our study to model the correlations and lags between the X-ray and UV/optical bands. We find that our model, without the need of light echoing, can well reproduce the observed UV to X-ray lags and the optical to UV lags simultaneously in four local Seyfert galaxies, including NGC 4151, NGC 4395, NGC 4593, and NGC 5548. In our scenario, relatively larger UV to X-ray lag is expected for AGN with smaller innermost disk radius and thus more compact corona. Interestingly, for these Seyfert galaxies studied in this work, sources with relatively larger UV to X-ray lags do have broader Fe Kα lines, indicative of relativistic broadening due to more compact corona and smaller innermost disk radius. If confirmed with more X-ray and UV monitoring campaigns, this interesting discovery would provide a new probe to the inner disk/corona.
GRASP55 Is Dispensable for Normal Hematopoiesis but Necessary for Myc-Dependent Leukemic Growth
Authors: Bailly Anne-Laure , Grenier Julien M. P. , Cartier-Michaud Amandine , Bardin Florence , Balzano Marielle , Goubard Armelle , Lissitzky Jean-Claude , De Grandis Maria , Mancini Stéphane J. C. , Serge Arnauld , Aurrand-Lions Michel 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Grasp55 is a ubiquitous Golgi stacking protein involved in autophagy, protein trafficking, and glucose deprivation sensing. The function of Grasp55 in protein trafficking has been attributed to its PDZ-mediated interaction with the C-terminal PDZ-binding motifs of protein cargos. We have recently shown that such an interaction occurs between Grasp55 and the adhesion molecule Jam-C, which plays a central role in stemness maintenance of hematopoietic and spermatogenic cells. Accordingly, we have found that Grasp55-deficient mice suffer from spermatogenesis defects similar to Jam-C knockout mice. However, whether Grasp55 is involved in the maintenance of immunohematopoietic homeostasis through regulation of protein transport and Jam-C expression remains unknown. In this study, we show that Grasp55 deficiency does not affect hematopoietic stem cell differentiation, engraftment, or mobilization, which are known to depend on expression of Grasp55-dependent protein cargos. In contrast, using an Myc-dependent leukemic model addicted to autophagy, we show that knockdown of Grasp55 in leukemic cells reduces spleen and bone marrow tumor burden upon i.v. leukemic engraftment. This is not due to reduced homing of Grasp55-deficient cells to these organs but to increased spontaneous apoptosis of Grasp55-deficient leukemic cells correlated with increased sensitivity of the cells to glucose deprivation. These results show that Grasp55 plays a role in Myc-transformed hematopoietic cells but not in normal hematopoietic cells in vivo.
Cutting Edge: Characterization of Human Tissue-Resident Memory T Cells at Different Infection Sites in Patients with Tuberculosis
Authors: Yang Qianting , Zhang Mingxia , Chen Qi , Chen Weixin , Wei Cailin , Qiao Kun , Ye Taosheng , Deng Guofang , Li Jin , Zhu Jialou , Cai Yi , Chen Xinchun , Ma Li 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Tissue-resident memory T cells (TRMs) have a key role in mediating the host defense against tuberculosis (TB) in mice, but their human counterparts have not been well characterized. In this article, we recruited patients with TB and determined TRM frequency, trafficking, activation marker expression, and cytokine production by flow or mass cytometry at different infection sites, including peripheral blood, pleural fluid, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and lung. We found a high frequency of TRMs at all infection sites apart from the peripheral blood. These TRMs exhibited a memory phenotype, were highly activated (based on CD38 and HLA-DR expression), and expressed high levels of trafficking (CCR5 and CXCR6) and exhaustion (PD-1) markers. When stimulated with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, TRMs secreted cytokines, including IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-2, and exhibited a multifunctional phenotype. TRMs limited intracellular M. tuberculosis replication in macrophages. These data inform our current understanding of immunosurveillance at different infection sites in patients with TB.
Literature in Japanese (Nihongo bungaku): An Examination of the New Literary Topography by Plurilingual Writers from the 1990s
Authors: Yiu Angela 
Published: March 2020

Since the 1990s, a number of plurilingual writers have published works with a heightened consciousness of incorporating different languages in the Japanese text, in the original and/or in translation, resulting in a gradual transformation of the literary topography. This paper will focus on the works by Hideo Levy (b. 1950), On Yūjū (b. 1980), and Yokoyama Yūta (b. 1981). These writers share a deep knowledge of and concern for the East Asian cultural sphere, especially the literature and culture in various Chinese societies. Using different writing and notational strategies, they resist the traditional method of “blending Japanese and Chinese” (wakan yūgō) and immerse themselves in the creative space in between Japanese and Chinese languages and cultures (including dialects and minority cultures), in search of a new language to document a plurilingual self and the world. Their experimentations in writing contributes to the emergence of literature in Japanese (Nihongo bungaku) as a body of work born of a language of hybridity and deeply engaged with plurilingual notations in its creation, written in Japanese by authors who are not necessarily Japanese nationals. With reference to Theodore Adorno’s theory of the “nonorganic nature” of language, Katō Shūichi’s celebration of the culture of hybridity, and Charles Ferguson’s idea of diglossia, this paper examines the potential and limitations of these writing experiments and the changing literary topography they engendered.
Intersectionality of Migration and Metahumanism, with a Special Focus on Lagrangian Space Settlements
Authors: Rothblatt Martine 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT
Lagrangian points in orbit about the Earth and gravitationally stabilized by the Moon have been identified as optimal settlement locations for many millions of migrants from the Earth. The motivation of many extant humans to make this migration can be satisfied via their transition into cybernetic biostasis prior to a medical determination of legal death, subsequent revival from such biostasis as legally alive cyberconscious mindclones in cyberspace, and ultimate reinstantiation of such mindclones into manufactured physical bodies on Lagrangian space settlements. This article analyzes the intersectionality of the metahumanistic status of these human migration efforts.
Beyond Representation: Relationality and Affect in Musical Practices
Authors: Martí Josep 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACTThe theoretical approaches that have been developed under the umbrella of posthumanism in recent years are highly stimulating for current trends in disciplines focused on music research. The aim of this article is to explore their possible usefulness in specific empirical cases, which have to do with musical practices. My point of departure in the article is to understand music as a sonic flow, created and/or perceived with aesthetic purposes, but which can perform functions that go well beyond these purposes, a sonic flow that affects us. This invites us to go beyond representational thinking and give due weight to affect and sensation. Within the frame of relational ontologies, in which the central idea is that being is relating, the body, as a locus of culture and therefore also of music, gains relevance for musical studies. A fundamental difference between the humanistic and posthumanist views is that while the first understands the human being in an antagonistic relationship with what surrounds him or her, the second regards the human being as embodied in an extended technological world, which among many other things includes music as well. In this manner, we may regard music not as something separated from our bodies but as in a constituent relationship with them. In addition to (and beyond) understanding music and musical practices as texts, which must be deciphered, we can also focus on them according to perspectives that take into account agencies and the body. Nonrepresentational theories can be useful in approaching music as something that is felt and lived.
Shoot!? Describing the Hand-Cranked Camera and Filmmaking Practices from a Posthumanist Perspective
Authors: Saporito Paolo 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT
Posthumanist approaches to cinema and film studies have so far focused on the posthuman theoretical potential of film content, rather than on cinematic form and filmmaking practices. This article develops a posthumanist approach to these practices by focusing on a case study: the interaction between the hand-cranked camera and the human operator in the first decades of the twentieth century. Drawing on Karen Barad’s theory of agential realism and Jane Bennett’s definition of vibrant matter, I argue that this interaction constitutes a manifestation of material-discursive processes that decenter the anthropos and enact performative entanglements between human and nonhuman agencies. Early descriptions of the technological affordances of the hand-cranked camera, informed by anthropocentric and humanist perspectives, reduce the material constitution of this instrument to its role in the discursive practices of the cinema industry. This article deconstructs these accounts from a posthumanist perspective and develops situated epistemic and ethical reflections that stem from a material-discursive description of the nonhuman instrument and its interaction with the human operator.
Paradoxical (Post)Humanism: Disembodiment and Becoming-Earth in Her
Authors: Boom Jeroen , Smelik Anneke 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT
The visualization of posthumanism in Spike Jonze’s modern science fiction romance Her is fundamentally paradoxical, because the film reinforces traditional humanism in the human character of Theodore while at the same time disturbing it in the posthuman character of Samantha. In an optimistic reading of Samantha, drawing on Gilles Deleuze’s philosophy of radical immanence, this article follows her posthuman character as evolving from being confined by the restrictions of embodied humanism to embracing the potentials of disembodied posthumanism, ultimately merging into a planetary dimension. This postanthropomorphic shift, a process of becoming-earth, is central to a posthumanism that defines subjectivity as based on the inclusion of relations to a myriad of nonhuman others. Samantha learns to accept her posthumanness in all its planetary complexity, while Theodore embraces his humanness in all its frailty. In accordance, the authors argue that Her not only outlines the restrictions of humanness but also points to the limits of cinematic representation itself.
Mapping Magmatic and Hydrothermal Processes from Routine Exploration Geochemical Analyses
Authors: Halley Scott 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Analytical methods used by commercial assay laboratories have improved enormously in recent years. Inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry methods now report analyses for half of the periodic table with exceptional detection limits and precision. It is becoming commonplace for mining companies to use such methods routinely for the analysis of drill samples throughout mineral deposits. Improvements in software and computing power now allow rapid interrogation of upward of 100,000 assay samples. Geochemical analyses are quantitative, are independent of observer bias, and can form the basis for robust geologic and mineralogical models of mineral deposits, as well as shed light on scientific questions. In particular, consistently collected, high-quality geochemical analyses can significantly improve and systematize logging of lithological and hydrothermal alteration mineralogic changes within drill core. In addition, abundant, high-quality geochemical data provide insights into magmatic and hydrothermal processes that were previously difficult to recognize and that have obvious applications to mineral exploration and improved genetic models of ore deposits. This paper describes a workflow that mining industry geologists can apply to their multielement analysis data to extract more information about magma compositions and gangue mineralogy.
La administración pública educativa: actuaciones estatales en las dinámicas reformistas y en la determinación curricular en Colombia durante el siglo XX
Authors: Velasco Peña Gina Claudia 
Published: March 2020

El análisis de los contextos de producción curricular, de los sujetos involucrados y las pugnas desatadas en la definición de los campos de conocimiento y los contenidos culturales que determinan el currículo oficial, pueden mostrar el papel del Estado y de la arquitectura institucional educativa como garantes de la producción y reproducción de unas condiciones sociales específicas para mantener o profundizar la desigualdad sociocultural en el marco del sistema capitalista. Así, las reformas son estrategias o mecanismos estatales para la absorción y adaptación de los lineamientos educativos que se producen en las dinámicas de desarrollo del capitalismo a nivel regional o mundial, mientras que a nivel local, ejerce un rol de regulación y control sobre los procesos educativos por la vía de los campos de conocimiento y contenidos escolares con el propósito de orientar modos de formación destinados a mantener el orden social existente. Estos procesos suelen legitimarse discursivamente con la dialéctica crisis- consenso-fracaso. Este análisis se soporta desde una perspectiva histórica de corte marxista, en la que se teje una argumentación con elementos teóricos sociológicos, jurídicos, politológicos, administrativos y educativos.
A perspectiva dialógica na formação de professores
Authors: De Sousa Alves Lucicleide Araújo , Síveres Luiz 
Published: March 2020

Apresenta caminhos metodológicos na formação de professores, tendo como eixos norteadores os sete saberes requeridos para o futuro (MORIN, 2010), e como dinâmica transversal deste percurso, o diálogo. O diálogo sendo compreendido como um jeito de ser (dialógico), uma maneira de saber (dialético) e uma forma de agir (dialogicidade). Optou-se pela pesquisa qualitativa, por privilegiar os conhecimentos significativos, que em diálogo com os sentidos atribuídos pelos professores em suas vivências e experiências, refletem em atitudes concretas e de valorização da pluralidade cultural entre os distintos saberes. Vinte docentes participaram da pesquisa e integram o Grupo de Pesquisa “Comunidade Escolar – Encontros e Diálogos Educativos”. Eles atuam em disciplinas de áreas específicas e frequentam o curso de mestrado e doutorado em uma instituição particular, do Distrito Federal. Utilizou-se dos seguintes procedimentos: a revisão bibliográfica e a aplicação de dois questionários: o primeiro com uma questão fechada, e o segundo com uma questão aberta que foi respondida por meio de narrativas. Produzidos os dados, estes foram analisados e categorizados segundo o processo de “análise de conteúdo” (BARDIN, 2002), sob o olhar dos sete saberes e baseado no princípio dialógico, segundo Morin (2007). Concluiu-se que a reorganização do espaço pedagógico, com foco na valorização das histórias de vida dos sujeitos e de suas relações de aprendizagem, tendo o diálogo como princípio fundante e regenerador, constitui uma das vias possíveis para propiciar as condições necessárias de gestão, valorizando-se os pensamentos e ações, para que possibilitem a concretude do fazer pedagógico revolucionário e transformador.
A Parentalidade em Foco com Grupos de Pais: o relato de uma experiência
Authors: Bortolatto Mariana De Oliveira , Loos Victória Niebuhr , Delvan Josiane Da Silva 
Published: March 2020

Este trabalho refere-se às intervenções realizadas no estágio específico emPsicologia com grupo de pais no programa denominado EducaPais. O programateve como objetivo o desenvolvimento de habilidades parentais. Fruto de um relato de experiência, o presente trabalho teve como enfoque teórico a Psicologia Positiva, práticas e estilos parentais, habilidades sociais e a teoria Bioecológica do desenvolvimento humano. O programa compreende nove encontros semanais com duração de uma hora e meia cada, sendo pautados nas contribuições e saberes da Psicologia sobre as práticas e estilos parentais. Participaram dos grupos pais ou cuidadores de crianças de zero a oito anos de idade, residentes em uma cidade do litoral norte catarinense. Os encontros abordaram temas como desenvolvimento infantil, raiva, valorização dos comportamentos adequados das crianças, comportamentos inadequados e suas consequências, disciplina, importância da rotina, estabelecimento de limites, estilos parentais e habilidades sociais. Os temas trabalhados relacionados a parentalidade e ao relacionamento entre pais/cuidadores e filhos foram discutidos a partir das diferentes formas de configuração familiar existentes no grupo. Os resultados encontrados indicam que programas neste formato contribuem para que os participantes conheçam os modelos parentais eficazes e positivos, bem como aprimorem as competências e práticas parentais. Isto possibilita a criação de ambientes seguros e saudáveis, nos quais os pais percebam a necessidade do envolvimento ativo na criação dos filhos. O trabalho com grupos enquanto espaço de compartilhamento, possibilitou a troca de experiência entre os participantes para a compreensão das similaridades de suas vivências e a elaboração de planos para modificar sua realidade. Também contribuiu para a ressignificação e problematização de práticas educativas vigentes e para a mudança de conduta diante dos comportamentos dos filhos. Entre os desafios encontrados, destaca-se a dificuldade de adesão ao programa por parte dos participantes aos grupos.
Recordações de estudantes de suas piores experiências envolvendo professores
Authors: Albuquerque Paloma , Williams Lúcia Cavalcanti de Albuquerque 
Published: March 2020

A violência na escola pode se manifestar de diversas formas e envolver váriosagentes escolares, como estudantes, funcionários, gestores e professores.Considerando que agressões direcionadas a estudantes praticadas porprofessores tem sido pouco pesquisadas, o objetivo desse estudo retrospectivofoi o de investigar as piores experiências envolvendo professores de acordo comestudantes, analisando o impacto de tais experiências sobre o bem estar dosmesmos. De uma amostra de 691 estudantes de uma universidade pública queresponderam ao instrumento retrospectivo “Experiências Escolares Traumáticasem Estudantes”, 156 identificaram o envolvimento de professores na sua piorexperiência escolar. Foram apontadas experiências de violência relacional(34,5%); disciplina injusta (26,2%); violência verbal (8,3%); violência física(5,7%); presenciar violência (3,7%); e violência sexual (0,6%). Os relatos dosparticipantes indicaram episódios envolvendo humilhações; perseguição;isolamento social; discriminação étnica, por status socioeconômico, condição de saúde/doença; homofobia; e punição corporal. A maioria dos estudantes relatou ter se incomodado muito com a experiência, identificando diversos problemas decorrentes, tais como dificuldades acadêmicas, queixas somáticas, isolamento social e sintomas depressivos. Tais dados apontam para a importância de programas de prevenção a violência no contexto escolar que sejam sensíveis às necessidades de todos os envolvidos, contribuindo para que as escolas sejam ambientes propícios ao desenvolvimento de relações interpessoais saudáveis.
Relationship of Clinical Skills Performance in Medical School With COMLEX-USA Level 2-Performance Evaluation
Authors: Wang Shiyuan , Basehore Pamela 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Context
Osteopathic medical students are required to pass the Comprehensive Osteopathic Medical Licensing Examination-USA (COMLEX-USA) Levels 1- and 2-Cognitive Evaluation and COMLEX-USA Level 2-Performance Evaluation (PE) to graduate. Predictors of COMLEX-USA cognitive exam performance are well established, but relatively few studies have explored factors associated with performance on the Level 2-PE.

Objective
To evaluate the relationship between school-based clinical competency assessments (written, simulation, and workplace evaluations) and Level 2-PE performance to ensure that these assessment efforts are effective and grounded in evidence to support student readiness.

Methods
School-based performance measures for 451 first-time takers of COMLEX-USA Level 2-PE were analyzed. A series of Mann-Whitney analyses were applied to compare 3 types of clinical performance assessments against COMLEX-USA Level 2-PE pass-fail performance: (1) internal objective structured clinical examinations (OSCE; average discipline-specific OSCE score and a comprehensive OSCE); (2) national examination performance (average clinical subject Comprehensive Osteopathic Medical Achievement Test, or COMAT, scores and Comprehensive Osteopathic Medical Self-Assessment Examination, or COMSAE, Phase 2 scores); and (3) a workplace-based clinical evaluation by preceptors.

Results
Students who passed the Level 2-PE had a significantly higher average discipline-specific OSCE score, COMSAE Phase 2 performance score, average COMAT score, and individual subject COMAT scores in all subjects except Psychiatry. Students who passed the Level 2-PE humanistic domain also had significantly higher scores in the communication skill component of the school's comprehensive OSCE. Similarly, students who passed the Level 2-PE biomedical domain had significantly higher scores in the data gathering and subjective, objective, assessment, and plan documentation scores on the internal OSCE. The size of these differences (η2) was relatively small. Student performance on the competency-based preceptor evaluation showed no significant relationship with pass-fail performance on the Level 2-PE.

Conclusion
High-stakes OSCEs aligned with the level 2-PE blueprint are effective predictors of performance and are an important way to support student readiness for the Level 2-PE. Other assessments, such as subject-based COMATs and COMSAE Phase 2, add value to school-based assessments over workplace-based assessments.