bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Bioremediation Potentials of Pseudomonas aeruginosa KX828570 and Bacillus megaterium KY085976 on Polluted Terrestrial Soil Treated with Oil Spill dispersant
Authors: Olufunmilayo Williams, Janet , Augusta Inweregbu, Ogechi 
Published: October 2019

Aim: To assess the bioremediation potential of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus megaterium on oil spill dispersant polluted terrestrial soil.
Study Design: The study employs experimental design, statistical analysis of data and interpretation.
Place and Duration of the Study: Polluted Terrestrial Soil (Ts) samples were collected from Kegbara-Dere community in Gokana Local Government Area of Rivers State with sterile shovel from three different spots at the same location and put in black polythene bags and transported to the microbiological laboratory within 24 hours for physicochemical and microbiological analyses. Oil spill dispersant (OSD/LT and OSD/Seacare) were obtained from Baker and Hughes Nigeria Limited in Rivers state, Nigeria.
Methodology: Standard microbiological procedures were used to enumerate, isolate and identify the bacterial isolates. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus megaterium in oil spill dispersants contaminated soil were monitored over a period of 1, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days respectively for their bioremediation potentials.
Results: The presence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa) or Bacillus megaterium(Bm) in oil spill dispersant polluted soils enhanced decrease in Total Hydrocarbon Content (THC) of the soil. THC for control soil reduced from 18348.68 mg/kg to 9111.84 mg/kg; TS+OSD/LT+Bm, 18348.68 to 7092.11 mg/kg; TS+OSD/LT+Pa, 18348.68 to 6263.16(mg/kg); TS+OSD/LT+Bm+Pa, 18348.68 to 2473.68 mg/kg; TS+OSD/SC+Bm, 18348.68 to 6421.05 mg/kg; TS+OSD/SC+Pa, 18348.68 to 5618.42 mg/kg; TS+OSD/SC+Bm+Pa, 18348.68 to 5835.53 mg/kg, between the first (day 1 ) and last day ( day 28). The percentage (%) bioremediation rate of polluted soil was as follows: control (TS(CRTL) 50.3%, TS+OSD/LT+Bm 61.3%, OSD/LT+Pa 65.9%, and OSD/LT+Bm+Pa 86.5% Whereas, TS+OSD/Seacare+Bm had 65.0%, OSD/Seacare+Pa 69.4%, OSD/Seacare+Bm+Pa 68.2% respectively. The highest percentages of THC in this study were from soil samples treated with oil spill dispersant and organisms while the least was observed in treatments without oil spill dispersant and organism. This suggests that microorganisms are more abundant in oil spill dispersant polluted soils than unpolluted soils.
Conclusion: From this study, it was observed that bioremediation of dispersant polluted environments could be achieved by stimulation of native microorganisms such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa KX828570 and Bacillus megaterium KY085976 and this would be cost effective in the clean-up strategy for such pollutants.
Fast moving horizon state estimation for discrete‐time systems with linear constraints
Authors: Alessandri Angelo , Gaggero Mauro 
Published: October 2019

SummaryFast moving horizon state estimation for nonlinear discrete‐time systems affected by disturbances is addressed by means of imperfect optimization at each time instant based on few iterations of the gradient, conjugate gradient, and Newton algorithms. Linear constraints on the state vector are taken into account through a projection on the subspace associated with such constraints. The stability of the estimation error for the resulting scheme is proved under suitable conditions. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is showcased via simulation results in comparison with moving horizon estimation based on complete optimization and extended Kalman filtering.
Design and stability analysis of a super‐twisting controller for a PS‐FBC–based fuel cell module
Authors: Anderson Azzano Jorge L. , Moré Jerónimo J. , Puleston Paul F. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractProton‐exchange membrane fuel cells have been established as a really promising technology, specially due to their high efficiency and scalability features, additionally to their low pollution emissions. In a typical topology, fuel cell module (FCM) is usually integrated into a hybrid power system, where the FCM is designed to satisfy the main power requirements and reduce the current ripple at the fuel cell output. In this framework, the aim of this paper is to analyze and design a sliding mode control (SMC) for a FCM based on an isolated phase‐shifted full bridge converter. This particular topology provides a high conversion ratio and attains a reduction of switching losses, which allow its application in low and medium power systems. From the control viewpoint, the proposed module represents a challenge due to the highly nonlinear behavior and wide operation range of the FCM, together with system parameter uncertainties and perturbations. To solve these issues, a second‐order sliding mode super‐twisting algorithm (STA) is proposed. As its main advantage, the STA reduces significantly the control chattering while preserving several features of conventional SMCs, such as robustness and finite time convergence. In order to analyze the zero dynamics stability, a Lyapunov study is proposed, taking advantage of its particular Liérnad‐type system structure. Finally, the designed algorithm is thoroughly analyzed and validated by computer simulation on a commercial 10‐kW FCM and compared to first‐order SMC.
GLTSCR1 Negatively Regulates BRD4‐Dependent Transcription Elongation and Inhibits CRC Metastasis
Authors: Han Fengyan , Zhang Lei , Chen Chaoyi , Wang Yan , Zhang Yi , Qian Lili , Sun Wenjie , Zhou Dan , Yang Beibei , Zhang Honghe , Lai Maode 
Published: October 2019

AbstractFrameshift mutations frequently occur in colorectal cancer (CRC) with microsatellite instability (MSI), but the nature and biological function of many MSI‐associated mutations remain elusive. Here, an MSI frameshift mutation is identified in glioma tumor suppressor candidate region gene 1 (GLTSCR1) that produces two C‐terminal‐truncated proteins. Additionally, GLTSCR1 is verified as a tumor suppressor that inhibits CRC metastasis. Through binding to bromodomains and the phosphorylation‐dependent interaction domain of bromodomain protein 4 (BRD4) via the C‐terminus, GLTSCR1 blocks oncogenic transcriptional elongation. However, truncated GLTSCR1 translocates into the cytoplasm and loses BRD4 binding domain, which induces the phosphorylation of RNA Pol II at Ser2 and dephosphorylation at Ser5, then increases oncogenic transcriptional elongation. Importantly, GLTSCR1 deficiency decreases sensitivity to bromodomain and extra terminal domain inhibitors. This study highlights the molecular mechanism of the GLTSCR1‐BRD4 interaction, which is a potential therapeutic target for CRC.
High‐Performance Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells via Precise Control of Electron Transport Layer
Authors: Huang Keqing , Peng Yongyi , Gao Yaxin , Shi Jiao , Li Hengyue , Mo Xindi , Huang Han , Gao Yongli , Ding Liming , Yang Junliang 
Published: October 2019

AbstractFlexible perovskite solar cells (f‐PSCs) have attracted great attention due to their promising commercial prospects. However, the performance of f‐PSCs is generally worse than that of their rigid counterparts. Herein, it is found that the unsatisfactory performance of planar heterojunction (PHJ) f‐PSCs can be attributed to the undesirable morphology of electron transport layer (ETL), which results from the rough surface of the flexible substrate. Precise control over the thickness and morphology of ETL tin dioxide (SnO2) not only reduces the reflectance of the indium tin oxide (ITO) on polyethylene 2,6‐naphthalate (PEN) substrate and enhances photon collection, but also decreases the trap‐state densities of perovskite films and the charge transfer resistance, leading to a great enhancement of device performance. Consequently, the f‐PSCs, with a structure of PEN/ITO/SnO2/perovskite/Spiro‐OMeTAD/Ag, exhibit a power conversion efficiency (PCE) up to 19.51% and a steady output of 19.01%. Furthermore, the f‐PSCs show a robust bending resistance and maintain about 95% of initial PCE after 6000 bending cycles at a bending radius of 8 mm, and they present an outstanding long‐term stability and retain about 90% of the initial performance after >1000 h storage in air (10% relative humidity) without encapsulation.
Tin Halide Perovskites: Progress and Challenges
Authors: Yang Wen‐Fan , Igbari Femi , Lou Yan‐Hui , Wang Zhao‐Kui , Liao Liang‐Sheng 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe chemical composition engineering of lead halide perovskites via a partial or complete replacement of toxic Pb with tin has been widely reported as a feasible process due to the suitable ionic radius of Sn and its possibility of existing in the +2 state. Interestingly, a complete replacement narrows the bandgap while a partial replacement gives an anomalous phenomenon involving a further narrowing of bandgap relative to the pure Pb and Sn halide perovskite compounds. Unfortunately, the merits of this anomalous behavior have not been properly harnessed. Although promising progress has been made to advance the properties and performance of Sn‐based perovskite systems, their photovoltaic (PV) parameters are still significantly inferior to those of the Pb‐based analogs. This review summarizes the current progress and challenges in the preparation, morphological and photophysical properties of Sn‐based halide perovskites, and how these affect their PV performance. Although it can be argued that the Pb halide perovskite systems may remain the most sought after technology in the field of thin film perovskite PV, prospective research directions are suggested to advance the properties of Sn halide perovskite materials for improved device performance.
Form of the catalytically active Pd species during the direct synthesis of hydrogen peroxide
Authors: Priyadarshini Pranjali , Flaherty David W. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractDirect synthesis of H2O2 could produce H2O2 at lower cost than the Riedl–Pfleiderer process, which would enable the broader use of H2O2 for industrial oxidations. The addition of inorganic acids and halides to the solvent increase H2O2 selectivities on Pd nanoparticles but also dissolve Pd and produce dynamic mixtures of complexes including heterogeneous (Pd0) and homogeneous (Pd2+) species, any of which may contribute to H2O2 formation. We combine kinetic measurements and in operando UV–vis spectroscopy to determine how H2O2 rates and selectivities depend on concentrations of these forms of Pd. Introducing HCl to the solvent increases the concentration of Pd2+ complexes by oxidizing Pd0 nanoparticles. The rates of primary H2O2 formation and H2O2 selectivities do not depend directly on the population of the Pd2+ species for catalysts tested in water or methanol. These results suggest that Pd nanoparticles form H2O2 and detectable homogeneous complexes do not act as catalysts.
Global optimization of stiff dynamical systems
Authors: Wilhelm Matthew E. , Le Anne V. , Stuber Matthew D. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWe present a deterministic global optimization method for nonlinear programming formulations constrained by stiff systems of ordinary differential equation (ODE) initial value problems (IVPs). The examples arise from dynamic optimization problems exhibiting both fast and slow transient phenomena commonly encountered in model‐based systems engineering applications. The proposed approach utilizes unconditionally stable implicit integration methods to reformulate the ODE‐constrained problem into a nonconvex nonlinear program (NLP) with implicit functions embedded. This problem is then solved to global optimality in finite time using a spatial branch‐and‐bound framework utilizing convex/concave relaxations of implicit functions constructed by a method which fully exploits problem sparsity. The algorithms were implemented in the Julia programming language within the EAGO.jl package and demonstrated on five illustrative examples with varying complexity relevant in process systems engineering. The developed methods enable the guaranteed global solution of dynamic optimization problems with stiff ODE–IVPs embedded.
Electrochemistry Broadens the Scope of Flavin Photocatalysis: Photoelectrocatalytic Oxidation of Unactivated Alcohols
Authors: Zhang Wen , Carpenter Keith L. , Lin Song 
Published: October 2019

AbstractRiboflavin‐derived photocatalysts have been extensively studied in the context of alcohol oxidation. However, to date, the scope of this catalytic methodology has been limited to benzyl alcohols. In this work, mechanistic understanding of flavin‐catalyzed oxidation reactions, in either the absence or presence of thiourea as a cocatalyst, was obtained. The mechanistic insights enabled development of an electrochemically driven photochemical oxidation of primary and secondary aliphatic alcohols using a pair of flavin and dialkylthiourea catalysts. Electrochemistry makes it possible to avoid using O2 and an oxidant and generating H2O2 as a byproduct, both of which oxidatively degrade thiourea under the reaction conditions. This modification unlocks a new mechanistic pathway in which the oxidation of unactivated alcohols is achieved by thiyl radical mediated hydrogen‐atom abstraction.
Electrostatic Complementarity Drives Amyloid/Nucleic Acid Co‐Assembly
Authors: Rha Allisandra K. , Das Dibyendu , Taran Olga , Ke Yonggang , Mehta Anil K. , Lynn David G. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractProteinaceous plaques associated with neurodegenerative diseases contain many biopolymers including the polyanions glycosaminoglycans and nucleic acids. Polyanion‐induced amyloid fibrillation has been implicated in disease etiology, but structural models for amyloid/nucleic acid co‐assemblies remain limited. Here we constrain nucleic acid/peptide interactions with model peptides that exploit electrostatic complementarity and define a novel amyloid/nucleic acid co‐assembly. The structure provides a model for nucleic acid/amyloid co‐assembly as well as insight into the energetic determinants involved in templating amyloid assembly.
Cascade One‐Pot Synthesis of Orange‐Red‐Fluorescent Polycyclic Cinnolino[2,3‐f]phenanthridin‐9‐ium Salts by Palladium(II)‐Catalyzed C−H Bond Activation of 2‐Azobiaryl Compounds and Alkenes
Authors: Jayakumar Jayachandran , Vedarethinam Guganchandar , Hsiao Huan‐Chang , Sun Shang‐You , Chuang Shih‐Ching 
Published: October 2019

AbstractQuaternary ammonium salts were synthesized in moderate to good yields through double oxidative C−H bond activation on azobenzenes. The mechanism of the highly regioselective reaction of 2‐azobiaryls with alkenes to give orange‐red‐fluorescent cinnolino[2,3‐f]phenanthridin‐9‐ium salts and 15H‐cinnolino[2,3‐f]phenanthridin‐9‐ium‐10‐ide is proposed to involveorthoC−H olefination of the 2‐azobiaryl compound with the alkene, intramolecular aza‐Michael addition, concerted metalation–deprotonation (CMD), reductive elimination, and oxidation.
CyClick Chemistry for the Synthesis of Cyclic Peptides
Authors: Adebomi Victor , Cohen Ryan D. , Wills Rachel , Chavers Holland Andrew Hays , Martin Gary E. , Raj Monika 
Published: October 2019

AbstractHere, we report a novel “CyClick” strategy for the macrocyclization of peptides that works in an exclusively intramolecular fashion thereby precluding the formation of dimers and oligomers via intermolecular reactions. The CyClick chemistry is highly chemoselective for the N‐terminus of the peptide with a C‐terminal aldehyde. In this protocol, the peptide conformation internally directs activation of the backbone amide bond and thereby facilitates formation of a stable 4‐imidazolidinone‐fused cyclic peptide with high diastereoselectivity (>99 %). This method is tolerant to a variety of peptide aldehydes and has been applied for the synthesis of 12‐ to 23‐membered rings with varying amino acid compositions in one pot under mild reaction conditions. The reaction generated peptide macrocycles featuring a 4‐imidazolidinone in their scaffolds, which acts as an endocyclic control element that promotes intramolecular hydrogen bonding and leads to macrocycles with conformationally rigid turn structures.
MiR‐183‐5p protects rat hearts against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury through targeting VDAC1
Authors: Lin Duomao , Cui Boqun , Ma Jun , Ren Jiayue 
Published: October 2019

AbstractMicroRNAs have been reported to be implicated in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of miR‐183‐5p on I/R injury. Overexpression of miR‐183‐5p by agomiR transfection alleviated cardiac dysfunction and significantly reduced the infarct size in rats with myocardial I/R. MiR‐183‐5p also alleviated myocardial apoptosis with reduced apoptotic cells and lower levels of apoptosis associated proteins. in vitro experiments were conducted on rat H9c2 cells treated with anoxia/reoxygenation (A/R). Annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) staining and flow cytometry reported that the ratio of apoptotic cells decreased by miR‐183‐5p transfection before A/R treatment. Moreover, according to binding sequence prediction and Dual luciferase reporter assay, we explored that voltage‐dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1), which aggravates myocardial injury and apoptosis reported in our former research, was a target of miR‐183‐5p. In conclusion, miR‐183‐5p can efficiently attenuate I/R injury and miR‐183‐5p may exert its effect through repressing VDAC1 expression.
Multivariate Data Analysis Methodology to Solve Data Challenges Related to Scale‐Up Model Validation and Missing Data on a Micro‐Bioreactor System
Authors: Goldrick Stephen , Sandner Viktor , Cheeks Matthew , Turner Richard , Farid Suzanne S. , McCreath Graham , Glassey Jarka 
Published: October 2019

AbstractMultivariate data analysis (MVDA) is a highly valuable and significantly underutilized resource in biomanufacturing. It offers the opportunity to enhance understanding and leverage useful information from complex high‐dimensional data sets, recorded throughout all stages of therapeutic drug manufacture. To help standardize the application and promote this resource within the biopharmaceutical industry, this paper outlines a novel MVDA methodology describing the necessary steps for efficient and effective data analysis. The MVDA methodology is followed to solve two case studies: a “small data” and a “big data” challenge. In the “small data” example, a large‐scale data set is compared to data from a scale‐down model. This methodology enables a new quantitative metric for equivalence to be established by combining a two one‐sided test with principal component analysis. In the “big data” example, this methodology enables accurate predictions of critical missing data essential to a cloning study performed in the ambr15 system. These predictions are generated by exploiting the underlying relationship between the off‐line missing values and the on‐line measurements through the generation of a partial least squares model. In summary, the proposed MVDA methodology highlights the importance of data pre‐processing, restructuring, and visualization during data analytics to solve complex biopharmaceutical challenges.
Cycloadditions of Trans‐Cyclooctenes and Nitrones as Tools for Bioorthogonal Labelling
Authors: Margison Kaitlyn D. , Bilodeau Didier A. , Mahmoudi Farnaz , Pezacki John Paul 
Published: October 2019

AbstractTrans‐cyclooctenes (TCOs) represent interesting and highly reactive dipolarophiles for organic transformations including bioorthogonal chemistry. Herein we show that TCOs react rapidly with nitrones and that these reactions are bioorthogonal. Kinetic analysis of acyclic and cyclic nitrones with strained‐trans‐cyclooctene (s‐TCO) shows fast reactivity and demonstrates the utility of this cycloaddition reaction for bioorthogonal labelling. Labelling of the bacterial peptidoglycan layer with unnatural d‐amino acids tagged with nitrones and s‐TCO‐Alexa488 is demonstrated. These new findings expand the bioorthogonal toolbox, and allow TCO reagents to be used in bioorthogonal applications beyond tetrazine ligations for the first time and open up new avenues for bioorthogonal ligations with diverse nitrone reactants.
A contemporary and complete treatment solution for a high‐risk patient with critical aortic stenosis, left ventricular thrombus, severe left ventricular dysfunction, and calcified left main stem disease
Authors: Yeoh Julian , Dworakowski Rafal , Hill Jonathan , Byrne Jonathan 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe combination of severe coronary disease, significant valvular dysfunction and impaired ventricular function pose patients at a very high procedural risk. In addition, the presence of left ventricular thrombus can complicate ventricular instrumentation increasing embolic risk. Contemporary techniques and devices have now become available to overcome these challenges to reduce risk and allow safer, more efficient procedures. We describe the feasibility of using Impella CP™ with cerebral protection to facilitate complete revascularisation and percutaneous valve replacement in a patient with critical aortic stenosis, severe left ventricular (LV) impairment, LV thrombus and a calcified left main stem disease.
Retrieval of a MitraClip from the left atrium using a two‐snare technique: Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Stripe Benjamin R. , Singh Gagan D. , Smith Thomas , Rogers Jason H. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractMitraClip is used for reduction of mitral insufficiency in patients who are not good surgical candidates, but with expanding indications, the use of MitraClip and the number of complications will increase. Here is presented a case of a single leaflet device attachment that worsened the patient's mitral insufficiency, as well as the technique for stabilizing the valve followed by retrieval of the device. A special focus is placed on removing the using a two‐snare technique to avoid the need for a surgical cutdown and repair.
Abdominal pain in the patient with antiphospholipid antibody syndrome: A case report
Authors: Pak Haleh , Tajik Armin , Soltanian Ali 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAntiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APS) is known to cause hypercoagulability, affecting a wide range of vessels, systematically. A 56‐year‐old woman was referred to our center with severe epigastric pain, with the history of APS. She was treated with packed cells, fresh frozen plasma and anticoagulation therapies.
Solvent Effect in Heterogeneous Catalytic Selective Hydrogenation of Nitrile Butadiene Rubber: Relationship between Reaction Activity and Solvents with Density Functional Theory Analysis
Authors: Wang Shuhan , Ge Bingqing , Yin Yixuan , Wu Xinru , Zhu Haibo , Yue Yuanyuan , Bai Zhengshuai , Bao Xiaojun , Yuan Pei 
Published: October 2019

AbstractHerein, a systematical investigation is devoted to explore nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) hydrogenation activity and selectivity in different organic solvents, and the dependence between reactivity and solvent is revealed with the assistance of the density functional theory (DFT). The results show that the electron‐pair donor solvents have better performance in NBR hydrogenation activity than the weak electron‐pair acceptor solvents, but they do not modify the selectivity to HNBR that always keeps up to 100 %. A direct correlation between reactivity and hydrogen bond acceptance ability (β) is discovered in both solvent families and the higher β, the better hydrogenation performance. The preferred solvent is cyclohexanone with hydrogenation degree of 91.4 % in 10 minutes and the highest conversion of 94.2 %. Our contribution is to provide useful information about solvent and solvent effect on the hydrogenation of NBR and gain new insight into NBR hydrogenation reaction process.