bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Human brain neurons express a novel splice variant of excitatory amino acid transporter 5 (hEAAT5v)
Authors: Lee Aven , Balcar Vladimir J. , McCombe Pamela , Pow David V. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractExcitatory amino acid transporter 5 (EAAT5) is a protein that is known to be alternately spliced and to be abundantly expressed in the retina by populations of neurons including photoreceptors and bipolar cells. EAAT5 acts as a slow glutamate transporter and also as glutamate‐gated chloride channel, the chloride conductance being large enough for EAAT5 to serve functionally as an “inhibitory” glutamate receptor. However, there has been a long‐standing view that the classically spliced form of EAAT5 is not abundant or widespread in the brain and so it has not been extensively investigated in the literature. We recently identified a human‐specific splicing form of EAAT5 that was not expressed by rodents but was shown to be a functional glutamate transporter. We have examined the expression of this form of EAAT5, hEAAT5v at the mRNA, and protein level in human brain, and show that populations of human cortical pyramidal neurons and cerebellar Purkinje cells show significant expression of hEAAT5v. Accordingly, we infer that EAAT5 may well be a player in modulating neuronal function in the human brain and propose that its localization in both glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons could be compatible with a role in influencing intracellular chloride and thereby neuronal parameters such as membrane potential rather than acting as a presynaptic glutamate transporter.
Surface Energy of Black Phosphorus Alloys with Arsenic
Authors: Bouša Daniel , Otyepková Eva , Lazar Petr , Otyepka Michal , Sofer Zdeněk 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBlack phosphorus belongs to the most intensively studied two‐dimensional materials with many unusual properties. It is capable of forming solid solutions with arsenic, which allows continual tuning of its properties. The vapour phase transport method was used for effective synthesis of black phosphorus and its alloys with arsenic of defined composition using SnI4/Sn mineralising agent. The incorporation of arsenic up to over 50 at.% was confirmed by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Structural changes were observed by X‐ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. Density functional theory calculations were used to calculate the change of lattice parameters due to alloying, to model Raman activity of the bP−As alloy and to estimate the surface energy of the alloy. The surface properties of black phosphorus and its alloys with arsenic were measured by inverse gas chromatography. Although the differences of surface energy between black phosphorus and its alloys were relatively low, the surface energy profiles were unusually flat, indicating a sparsity of high‐energy sites on the surface of the alloys.
Influence of the Chemical Compositions of Bismuth Oxyiodides on the Electroreduction of Carbon Dioxide to Formate
Authors: Wang Qizhong , Ma Meng , Zhang Shuaishuai , Lu Kangkang , Fu Lijun , Liu Xiaojing , Chen Yuhui 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBismuth oxyiodides with varying chemical compositions were fabricated to effectively electrochemical reduce CO2 to formate. Bi5O7I and Bi7O9I3 nanosheets assemble irregularly, and BiOI nanosheets form a sphere‐like structure. Compared with BiOI and Bi7O9I3, Bi5O7I exhibits an excellent Faradaic efficiency of 89 % for formate production with the partial current density of 13.2 mA/cm2 at −0.89 V vs. RHE owing to the elevated amounts of Bi metal sites reduced from Bi3+ during electrolysis. The partial current densities of formate on BiOI were higher than those on Bi7O9I3 which is attributed to the higher iodine content. The synergistic effect of bismuth and iodine of bismuth oxyiodides is responsible for their electrocatalytic properties during CO2 reduction in aqueous solutions.
QTL analysis of agronomic, fiber quality, and abiotic stress tolerance traits in a recombinant inbred population of pima cotton
Authors: Abdelraheem Abdelraheem , Fang David D. , Dever Jane , Zhang Jinfa 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPima cotton (Gossypium barbadenseL.) is grown for its superior fiber quality in four U.S. states and in several other countries. However, there is a lack of information on major and stable quantitative trait loci (QTL) for fiber quality and agronomic traits and abiotic stress tolerance across different environments. In this study, a genetic linkage map based on 403 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers was developed for the Pima S‐6/89590 intraspecific mapping population consisting of 161 recombinant inbred lines (RILs). Through the evaluation of the RIL population in seven field tests for agronomic traits and fiber quality in the four pima cotton‐growing U.S. states and four greenhouse tests for drought and salinity tolerance, a total of 156 QTL were detected. Eight QTL clusters and four hotspots were further identified, and many of the QTL and their clusters and hotspots were consistent with previous studies that will be useful for marker‐assisted selection. Using a basic local alignment search tool (BLAST) search against the sequenced Pima 3‐79 genome, 26, 16, 32, 14, 127, and 14 candidate genes were predicted for 15 stable QTL on six chromosomes (chromosomes 3, 10, 12, 19, 21, and 24, respectively), for fiber quality traits and abiotic stress tolerance. These genomic regions were rich in genes related to fiber developments and abiotic stress responses. This study provides important information on new and stable QTL across environments for developing superior American pima cotton.
Optimization of the selection of cluster‐head using fuzzy logic and harmony search in wireless sensor networks
Authors: Agrawal Deepika , Pandey Sudhakar 
Published: March 2020

SummaryWireless sensor networks (WSN) encompasses millions of nodes that work jointly, senses environmental information, and transmits to the Base Station (BS). “Energy hole” or “hot‐spot” is a problem in which sensor nodes near to the BS deceasetoo early which creates the partitioning of the network. This is due to the reason of the difference in the consumption of energy by the nodes in WSN which reduces the lifespan of the sensor network. The distribution of the cluster heads and the load balancing are the major pitfalls. In this paper to deal with the statedpitfalls, a hybrid of fuzzy logic technique and harmony search algorithm is proposed to lengthen the lifetime of the network. Unequal clustering is a technique proposed by the researchers to handle the hot‐spot issue, hence it is also included. The proposed algorithm forms unequal clusters. To prove the efficiency of the proposed algorithm, some well‐known unequal clustering algorithms and harmony search based algorithmare used to compare the proposed algorithm under different network settings. In all the settings, better performance is achieved by the proposed protocol. It prolongs the lifespan of the network as compared to the different algorithms proposed so far.
Diabetic foot disease: “The Times They are A Changin’ ”
Authors: Bus Sicco A. , van Netten Jaap J. , Monteiro‐Soares Matilde , Lipsky Benjamin A. , Schaper Nicolaas C. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractDiabetic foot disease greatly impacts both affected patients and society, but remains the “Cinderella” of diabetes‐related complications. However, recent progress in research and guideline development have led to increased awareness of the problem and improved clinical outcomes. Thus, it is time for a shift in global perception of this increasingly prevalent problem. In this special issue, we present 7 up‐to‐date clinical guidelines and 10 systematic reviews developed by the International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot, together with 17 informative and stimulating related papers. These guidelines offer new recommendations on ulcer classification, diagnosis of infection severity, and vascular assessment, to assist in ulcer risk stratification, diagnosis and interdisciplinary communication. Key developments include providing guidance on methodological assessment of research papers; expanding the evidence base for ulcer treatment by the use of wound products and offloading treatment and suggestions for improving ulcer prevention through technological advances in patient monitoring of risk factors and footwear. The 17 invited papers discuss related topics ranging from stem cell research to patient psychology and describe the way forward in diabetic foot care. While there is much more to learn, the new knowledge of underlying pathways, advancements in diagnosis, treatment and prevention presented in this supplement should help improve outcomes and reduce the great and growing burden of diabetic foot disease.
Guidelines on use of interventions to enhance healing of chronic foot ulcers in diabetes (IWGDF 2019 update)
Authors: Rayman Gerry , Vas Prashanth , Dhatariya Ketan , Driver Vickie , Hartemann Agnes , Londahl Magnus , Piaggesi Alberto , Apelqvist Jan , Attinger Chris , Game Fran ,   on behalf of the International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot (IWGDF)
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot (IWGDF) has published evidence‐based guidelines on the prevention and management of diabetic foot disease since 1999. In conjunction with advice from internal and external reviewers and expert consultants in the field, this update is based on a systematic review of the literature centred on the following: the Population (P), Intervention (I), Comparator (C) and Outcomes (O) framework; the use of the SIGN guideline/Cochrane review system; and the 21 point scoring system advocated by IWGDF/EWMA. This has resulted in 13 recommendations. The recommendation on sharp debridement and the selection of dressings remain unchanged from the last recommendations published in 2016. The recommendation to consider negative pressure wound therapy in post‐surgical wounds and the judicious use of hyperbaric oxygen therapy in certain non‐healing ischaemic ulcers also remains unchanged. Recommendations against the use of growth factors, autologous platelet gels, bioengineered skin products, ozone, topical carbon dioxide, nitric oxide or interventions reporting improvement of ulcer healing through an alteration of the physical environment or through other systemic medical or nutritional means also remain. New recommendations include consideration of the use of sucrose‐octasulfate impregnated dressings in difficult to heal neuro‐ischaemic ulcers and consideration of the use of autologous combined leucocyte, platelet and fibrin patch in ulcers that are difficult to heal, in both cases when used in addition to best standard of care. A further new recommendation is the consideration of topical placental derived products when used in addition to best standard of care.
Determination of ethyl glucuronide in human hair samples: Decontamination vs extraction
Authors: Müller Alexander , Iwersen‐Bergmann Stefanie 
Published: March 2020

AbstractDecontamination of samples prior to analysis is common practice and recommended for ethyl glucuronide (EtG) hair testing. The aim of this study was to evaluate the applied decontamination procedure during routine hair EtG analysis by monitoring the ethyl glucuronide concentrations in the washing solutions from a representative cohort of individual hair samples. Hair samples from 150 individuals were tested for hair EtG by a validated routine procedure (liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry). A four‐step decontamination procedure (ethanol, water, acetone, dichloromethane) was applied to all samples prior to analysis. Hair samples from 20 individuals were analyzed along with the complete set of individual washing solutions. Hair samples from an additional 130 individuals were analyzed along with the corresponding aqueous wash fraction only. No EtG was detected in the washing solutions from hair samples that tested negative for EtG (n = 42). Hair samples positive for ethyl glucuronide (n = 108) were found to liberate different amounts of EtG during decontamination: whereas no, or low portions of, EtG (< 10% of extracted hair EtG) were found in the corresponding washing solutions of the majority (n = 91) of individual samples, there was a minority of samples (n = 6) with more than half of the extracted hair EtG present in the decontamination solvent. No correlation of the decontaminated amount of EtG and the extracted hair EtG was observed. Further experimental studies are necessary to investigate if the observed easily removable fraction of EtG is associated with external contamination and if analysis of wash solutions could be helpful for identifying external contamination in hair testing for ethyl glucuronide.
Introducing an egocentric method to explore information flow in a postflood governance network
Authors: Witting Antje , Brandenstein Frederik , Satoh Keiichi 
Published: March 2020

AbstractGovernance networks that are affected by, and that must respond to, wicked problems, such as flooding, are highly complex. While we cannot capture all the social interactions that underly these structures, we can realistically describe this complexity from the perspective of the involved individuals. Thus, the article presented here addresses the question how to take into consideration the individuals' egocentric perspective in the analysis of governance networks that respond to wicked problems. In response to this question we offer concrete methodological guidelines for readers who wish to systematically map and compare egocentric networks. We demonstrate the usefulness of this template with an integrated analysis of the networks of four individuals who operate in a postflood governance context in Germany. We also present evidence that the template produces reliable data on the density, mutuality, and breadth of individuals' networks that support realistic and comparable descriptions.
Mitral and tricuspid stenosis caused by light chain cardiac amyloid deposition
Authors: Randhawa Varinder K. , Vakamudi Sneha , Phelan Dermot M. , Samaras Christy J. , McKenney Jesse K. , Hanna Mazen , Perez Antonio L. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractCardiac amyloidosis results in an infiltrative restrictive cardiomyopathy, with a number of characteristic features: biventricular hypertrophy, abnormal myocardial global longitudinal strain with relative apical sparing, biatrial dilation, and small pericardial effusion along with conduction abnormalities. Amyloid deposits leading to hemodynamically significant valvular heart disease are very rare. We describe a rare case of concomitant moderately severe tricuspid and mitral valve stenosis because of ongoing amyloid deposition in a patient with progressive multiple myeloma and fat pad biopsy‐proven light chain amyloidosis. Worsening infiltrative cardiomyopathy and valvulopathy despite evidence‐based chemotherapy and heart failure pharmacotherapy led to end‐stage disease and death. Valvular involvement in cardiac amyloidosis requires early recognition of the underlying disease condition to guide directed medical therapy and prevent its progression. In this instance, valvuloplasty or valve replacement is not a viable option.
A survey of security and privacy issues in the Internet of Things from the layered context
Authors: Deep Samundra , Zheng Xi , Jolfaei Alireza , Yu Dongjin , Ostovari Pouya , Kashif Bashir Ali 
Published: March 2020

SummaryInternet of Things (IoT) is a novel paradigm, which not only facilitates a large number of devices to be ubiquitously connected over the Internet but also provides a mechanism to remotely control these devices. The IoT is pervasive and is almost an integral part of our daily life. These connected devices often obtain user's personal data and store it online. The security of collected data is a big concern in recent times. As devices are becoming increasingly connected, privacy and security issues become more and more critical and these need to be addressed on an urgent basis. IoT implementations and devices are eminently prone to threats that could compromise the security and privacy of the consumers, which, in turn, could influence its practical deployment. In recent past, some research has been carried out to secure IoT devices with an intention to alleviate the security concerns of users. There have been research on blockchain technologies to tackle the privacy and security issues of the collected data in IoT. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the security and privacy issues in IoT systems. To this effect, the paper examines the security issues at each layer in the IoT protocol stack, identifies the under‐lying challenges and key security requirements and provides a brief overview of existing security solutions to safeguard the IoT from the layered context.
Mechanical stretch induces myelin protein loss in oligodendrocytes by activating Erk1/2 in a calcium‐dependent manner
Authors: Kim Jihyun , Adams Alexandra A. , Gokina Pradeepa , Zambrano Brayan , Jayakumaran Jeyanthan , Dobrowolski Radek , Maurel Patrice , Pfister Bryan J. , Kim Haesun A. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMyelin loss in the brain is a common occurrence in traumatic brain injury (TBI) that results from impact‐induced acceleration forces to the head. Fast and abrupt head motions, either resulting from violent blows and/or jolts, cause rapid stretching of the brain tissue, and the long axons within the white matter tracts are especially vulnerable to such mechanical strain. Recent studies have shown that mechanotransduction plays an important role in regulating oligodendrocyte progenitors cell differentiation into oligodendrocytes. However, little is known about the impact of mechanical strain on mature oligodendrocytes and the stability of their associated myelin sheaths. We used an in vitro cellular stretch device to address these questions, as well as characterize a mechanotransduction mechanism that mediates oligodendrocyte responses. Mechanical stretch caused a transient and reversible myelin protein loss in oligodendrocytes. Cell death was not observed. Myelin protein loss was accompanied by an increase in intracellular Ca2+ and Erk1/2 activation. Chelating Ca2+ or inhibiting Erk1/2 activation was sufficient to block the stretch‐induced loss of myelin protein. Further biochemical analyses revealed that the stretch‐induced myelin protein loss was mediated by the release of Ca2+ from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and subsequent Ca2+‐dependent activation of Erk1/2. Altogether, our findings characterize an Erk1/2‐dependent mechanotransduction mechanism in mature oligodendrocytes that de‐stabilizes the myelination program.
Updating and Road-testing Life Cycle Inventory Data Review Criteria: Toward Global Consensus and Guidance On Data Quality Assessment
Authors: Sonnemann Guido , Schrijvers Dieuwertje , Asselin Anne , Poolsawad Nongnuch , Mungkalasiri Jitti , Grant Tim , Loyola Cristobal , Vigon Bruce 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Data quality of life cycle inventory background databases should be ensured in order to be useful for life cycle assessment (LCA) studies. However, databases do not always have procedures to evaluate the quality of the data sets in place. The Global Guidance Principles for LCA Databases of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) in collaboration with the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) provide, among others, recommendations to enhance data quality through improved documentation and review. Flagship 2a in Phase 3 of the UNEP/SETAC Life Cycle Initiative aimed to enable the practical implementation of these recommendations with the development of review criteria and the testing of these criteria on 3 national databases. After a pilot-testing phase, this project entered a more mature road-testing exercise, of which the results are presented in this paper. The review criteria have been updated and provide more emphasis on goal and scope documentation completeness and include a new cluster of criteria that evaluate the materiality of the data set. The updated criteria have been applied to national databases of Thailand, Australia, and Chile. All databases would benefit from additional documentation, for example, on system boundaries, the reference model, sampling procedures, and cut-off criteria. Furthermore, conducting the review was enabled by extensive documentation and data accessibility in LCA software. Communication of the criteria to the database managers enabled them to anticipate data quality requirements of the global LCA community and improve the data sets in advance. Reviewers sometimes had a different interpretation of the criteria, which suggests that there is room for additional fine-tuning of the process guidance and exemplification of review criteria. This project has demonstrated that the criteria are applicable to and provide useful feedback for databases with different levels of maturity and contribute to improving quality of life cycle inventory (LCI) data. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2020;16:517–524. © 2020 SETAC
Development of biodegradable membranes for the delivery of a bioactive chitosan‐derivative on cartilage defects: A preliminary investigation
Authors: Scognamiglio Francesca , Travan Andrea , Borgogna Massimiliano , Donati Ivan , Marsich Eleonora 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBiodegradable membranes for cartilage applications were manufactured starting from polymeric networks of a lactose‐modified chitosan (CTL), previously proposed for chondrocytes stimulation. This implantable biomaterial was conceived as a reservoir of a bioactive polymer that could promote the activity of chondrocytes and the healing of cartilage defects. Freeze‐drying of reticulated hydrogels enabled to obtain pliable membranes with a homogeneous polymeric texture, as pointed out by scanning electron microscopy analyses. Swelling tests and dimensional evaluations showed that the material is able to absorb physiological fluids and expand gradually upon rehydration. This feature was evaluated on a simulated cartilage defect on pig's humerus (ex vivo), which revealed the capability of the membranes to progressively fit the tissue voids on the damaged cartilage. The rheological properties of the rehydrated membranes pointed out their peculiar strain‐stiffening behavior, which represents a promising feature for the regeneration of tissues subjected to variable mechanical loads and deformations. Biological in vitro studies demonstrated the biocompatibility of the membranes in contact with primary chondrocytes and osteoblasts. Taken together, these results represent a starting point for the development of a novel generation of implantable biomaterials for cartilage treatment based on CTL.
Leadership that promotes successful implementation of community‐based mental health interventions
Authors: McNeish Roxann , Tran Quynh 
Published: March 2020

AbstractCommunity‐based interventions (CBIs) have become an effective approach to promote mental well‐being. To increase organizational capacity and effectively deliver CBIs, leadership is crucial. The current study aims to identify leadership qualities that are facilitators of CBI implementation. This paper presents evaluation findings from a national effort emphasizing CBIs for improving the mental well‐being of men and boys in 16 local communities. The study utilized a mixed‐method design, including both examining each grantee as a case study and conducting a cross‐site evaluation. Findings revealed five leadership qualities that contributed to CBIs' success: personal vision, value‐based leadership, relationship‐oriented leadership, task‐oriented leadership, and leadership development. The results outline strategies for strengthening organizational capacity through these leadership qualities. This study adds to the limited literature on leadership qualities that strengthen organizational capacity to successfully implement CBIs and can serve as a guide for funders, program planners, and evaluators.