bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Les dimensions silencieuses de l’acceptabilité sociale au Nunavik
Authors: Fortin Julie 
Published: August 2020

Aupaluk est le plus petit village du Nunavik, avec une population d’environ 200 personnes. Depuis très longtemps, ce territoire est convoité par les compagnies minières en raison de sa concentration élevée en minéraux, mais surtout en fer. Aupaluk est dans la mire de deux compagnies minières juniors canadiennes : Oceanic Iron Ore et Nickel North Exploration. Ces projets suscitent des attentes et des craintes, notamment en raison de leur localisation à proximité du village et du peu d’information disponible. À l’automne 2017, vingt-trois entretiens semi-dirigés ont été menés avec les membres de la communauté afin d’analyser leur position par rapport au développement minier. L’analyse de l’auteure fait ressortir de nombreux obstacles qui empêchent les membres de la communauté d’exprimer leurs préoccupations par rapport aux projets, soit des processus de consultation et de communication inadéquats, la présence de claims miniers historiques dans la région, l’insécurité alimentaire et une certaine pression sociale.
Reproductive pattern in the solanum mealybug,Phenacoccus solani: A new perspective
Authors: Huang Jun , Zhi Fuying , Zhang Juan , Hafeez Muhammad , Li Xiaowei , Zhang Jinming , Zhang Zhijun , Wang Likun , Lu Yaobin 
Published: August 2020

BackgroundThe reproductive pattern of most scale insects is ovoviviparity. The solanum mealybug,Phenacoccus solani(Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), is known as a thelytokous parthenogenetic species, but there is still debate about the reproductive strategies of this species.MethodsHere, we investigated the oviposition characteristics ofP. solaniand used scanning/transmission electron microscopy and RNA-seq to identify the differences between two types of eggs.ResultsWe found thatP. solanilaid two types of eggs in one batch, with no significant difference in apparent size: one with eyespots that hatched and another without eyespots that failed to hatch. Furthermore, the physiological and molecular differences between the two types of eggs were highly significant. KEGG enrichment analysis revealed significant enrichment for the JAK-STAT, Notch, Hippo, and Wnt signaling pathways and dorsoventral axis formation, wax biosynthesis, cell cycle, insulin secretion, and nitrogen metabolism pathways. The results suggest that the embryo of the egg undergoes development inside the mother and only a short molting period outside the mother.DiscussionOvoviviparous species produce eggs and keep them inside the mother’s body until they are ready to hatch, and the offspring exits the egg shell during or immediately following oviposition. Therefore, we suggest that the reproductive pattern ofP. solanican be described as ovoviviparity.
Technology Socialization Process of Pulse Enterprise: The Structural and Functional Analysis
Authors: Pal Dibyendu , Ghosh Arindam , Biswas Amitava , Acharya Sankar Kr. , Mondal Kabita 
Published: August 2020

Technology socialization process has operationally been defined as the interactive summation of all possible responses to a technology application process in terms of adoption, rejection, discontinuance and reinvention. Here, this interactive summation is measured against a set of standard practices applied in pulse enterprises and the level of socialization as measured against a “recommended technology”. The following specific objectives are set to intervene the present study. Those are, to generate basic information on socialization of pulse crop in the study area to identify and standardize the variables, dependent and independent, impacting on both socialization of pulse crop in the study area, to elucidate inter and intra level interaction between dependent variables i.e. Socialization with those of selected socio economic and ecological variables, to delineate the micro level policy based on the empirical result on effective socialization process.
The study has been carried out in two developed block namely Chakdah and Haringhata of Nadia District in West Bengal. The multistage purposive and random sample techniques were the key to contrast sampling design in the present study. The following variables, gross return, area under pulse cultivation, training received, yield, farmer’s attitude towards pulse cultivation have been found generating significant functional impacts on the predicted character, technology Socialization. The statistical tools like mean, standard deviation and coefficient of variation, coefficient of variation, coefficient of correlation, multiple regression, step down multiple regression and path analysis. The study also responded to the inquiry as to where and how the classical crop production process can be replaced with pulse crop and whereas this replacement will be much rewarding and beneficiary to the common farmer. The determinants like gross return, area under pulse crop, training received, productivity of pulse crop and farmer’s attitude are decisively characterizing the socialization process of pulse crop.
Evaluation of Blended Fertilizer Formulas under Limed Condition of Acid Soil on Soybean (Glycine max) at Asossa District of Benishal-gul Gumuz Regional State
Authors: Legesse Teriku , Anbessa Bakala , Temene Dassalegn , Dereje Getahun 
Published: August 2020

Purpose: To evaluate the blended fertilizer formulas types, under unlimed limed condition of Asossa acid soil on soybean in Benishagul Gumuz of Ethiopia.
Methods: Two factorial RCB design with three replications was used in the investigation. Five types of blended fertilizer formulas were tested under limed and unlimed condition in Factorial Randomized Complete Block Design. Lime and blended fertilizer types were used as factor. The amount of lime that was applied at each location was calculated on the basis of the exchangeable acidity, bulk density and 15 cm depth of the soil. One mole of exchangeable acidity would be neutralized by an equivalent mole of CaCO3. Accordingly, the amount of lime for this particular activity would be uniformly applied for all plots at 1.5 times of the exchangeable acidity (Equation 1) and incorporated in to the soil a month before seed sowing.
Results: The effects of applied lime (CaCO3) and fertilizer types on growth and yield components of soybean were non-significantly (P>0.05) influenced except 100 seed weight, whereas the lime by blended fertilizer types interaction effects were not-significantly (P>0.05) affect all growth and yield components of soybean (Table 2). The highest plant height (71.58 cm) was obtained from NPKSZnB (Formula 5 modified) fertilizer type, however statistically non-significant from the other treatments.
Conclusion: The partial budget analysis indicated that, it was not necessarily based on the highest marginal rate of return, rather based on the minimum acceptable marginal rate of return and the treatment with the high net benefit, relatively low variable cost together with an acceptable MRR becomes the tentative recommendation. Therefore we recommend the treatments (100 kg /ha NPSB) that have acceptable marginal rate of return, relatively high net benefit and relatively small total cost of production for soybean production in Asossa zone.
Potentials of Cultivated Varieties and Wild Yam Seeds as Efficient Alternative Plant Genetic Resources for Resistant Genotypes against Yam Mosaic Virus (YMV) in Togo
Authors: Ayisah Kwasi Dzola , Mawussi Gbénonchi , Tchaniley Larounga , Aziadekey Mawuli Kossivi 
Published: August 2020

In Togo, cultivated yams are severely infected by Yam Mosaic Virus (YMV). In order to find an efficient method for researching genotypes resistant to the virus, this study aims to screen plants obtained from yam seeds. As such, 640 yam seedlings were produced from seeds collected on 20 plants (accessions) of wild yams, D. praehensilis (10) and D. abyssinica (10) and on 12 plants of the complex D. cayenensis-rotundata. The yam seeds were collected during prospections carried out in october 2018, covering 14 districts in Central and Plateaux regions of Togo. Then, 20 yam seedlings (ten plants in two replicates) per accession, were inoculated with YMV isolate M9-30 using mechanical inoculation. Leaf samples taken from the inoculated seedlings, were analyzed by RT-PCR to detect the YMV, using QiAgen one step RT-PCR Kit and a pair of primers YMV1 & YMV2 (196 pb) . Data was analyzed using GenStat 12.1 and SPSS 20. Following the observations and molecular analyzes, it appears that 46.5% of the seedlings inoculated in D. praehensilis, were resistant, while 27.08% of resistant plants and 0.47% of tolerant plants were obtained in D. cayenensis-rotundata complex and 17% resistant plants obtained in D. abyssinica. Statistical analysis showed a significant difference between among accessions of D. praehensilis and those of D. abyssinica at P≤0.05. The high rate of 30% of resistant plants provided in total, and specifically, the results obtained in D. cayenensis-rotundata compared to those provided in 2012 using clonal selection, i.e. 8.33%, suggest that, screening of seedlings from yam seeds, is efficient and could be used for researching yam genotypes resistant to YMV. Results of D. abyssinica and of some accessions of D. cayenensis-rotundata, would be influenced by the proximity of other yam species. The yam seeds production environment would, therefore, be an important factor to take into account.
Coordination of Multilayered Signalling Pathways on Vascular Cambium Activity
Authors: Wang Sining , Wang Huanzhong 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Secondary growth depends on the activity of cambial stem cells, which proliferate, and then descendant cells differentiate into the transport tissues, secondary phloem, and secondary xylem. The proliferation of cambial stem cells is regulated by various signals, including long‐distance hormonal signalling from apical meristems, and short‐range peptide signals from surrounding tissues. These long‐ and short‐distance signalling pathways interact and coordinately modulate cambium activity. Furthermore, a large number of transcription factors, often in gene families, regulate cambium cell division. In this article, we discuss the coordination of the aforementioned multilayered signalling pathways and highlight the new discoveries on the control of cambial activity.
TME‐Responsive Polyprodrug Micelles for Multistage Delivery of Doxorubicin with Improved Cancer Therapeutic Efficacy in Rodents
Authors: Zhang Shuguang , Zhu Peiyao , He Jiayuan , Dong Siyuan , Li Peiwen , Zhang Can Yang , Ma Teng 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIt is of great significance to develop multifunctional biomaterials to effectively deliver anticancer drug to tumor cells for cancer therapy. Here, inspired by the specific tumor microenvironment (TME) cues, a unique multistage pH/redox‐responsive polyprodrug composed of amphiphilic pH‐sensitive diblock copolymer poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether‐b‐poly(β‐amino esters) conjugated with doxorubicin (DOX) via redox‐sensitive disulfide bonds (mPEG‐b‐PAE‐ss‐DOX) is designed and developed. This polyprodrug can self‐assemble into micelles (DOX‐ss@PMs) at low concentration with high serum stability, indicating that DOX‐ss@PMs have prolonged circulation time. The dual pH/redox‐responsiveness of the multistage platform is thoroughly evaluated. In vitro results demonstrate that DOX‐ss@PMs can highly accumulate at tumor site, followed by responding to the acidity for disassembly and effectively penetrating into the tumor cells. DOX is released from the platform due to the cleavage of disulfide bonds induced by high glutathione (GSH) concentration, thereby inducing the apoptosis of tumor cells. In vivo studies further reveal that multistage DOX‐ss@PMs can more efficiently inhibit the growth of tumors and improve the survival of tumor‐bearing mice in comparison to the free drug and control. These results imply that multistage delivery system might be a potential and effective strategy for drug delivery and DOX‐ss@PMs could be a promising nanomedicine for cancer chemotherapy.
Surface Engineering of Cardiovascular Devices for Improved Hemocompatibility and Rapid Endothelialization
Authors: Zhao Jing , Feng Yakai 
Published: August 2020

AbstractCardiovascular devices have been widely applied in the clinical treatment of cardiovascular diseases. However, poor hemocompatibility and slow endothelialization on their surface still exist. Numerous surface engineering strategies have mainly sought to modify the device surface through physical, chemical, and biological approaches to improve surface hemocompatibility and endothelialization. The alteration of physical characteristics and pattern topographies brings some hopeful outcomes and plays a notable role in this respect. The chemical and biological approaches can provide potential signs of success in the endothelialization of vascular device surfaces. They usually involve therapeutic drugs, specific peptides, adhesive proteins, antibodies, growth factors and nitric oxide (NO) donors. The gene engineering can enhance the proliferation, growth, and migration of vascular cells, thus boosting the endothelialization. In this review, the surface engineering strategies are highlighted and summarized to improve hemocompatibility and rapid endothelialization on the cardiovascular devices. The potential outlook is also briefly discussed to help guide endothelialization strategies and inspire further innovations. It is hoped that this review can assist with the surface engineering of cardiovascular devices and promote future advancements in this emerging research field.
Venetoclax and hypomethylating agents in acute myeloid leukemia: Mayo Clinic series on 86 patients
Authors: Morsia Erika , McCullough Kristen , Joshi Maansi , Cook Joselle , Alkhateeb Hassan B. , Al‐Kali Aref , Begna Kebede , Elliott Michelle , Hogan William , Litzow Mark , Shah Mithun , Pardanani Animesh , Patnaik Mrinal , Tefferi Ayalew , Gangat Naseema 
Published: August 2020

AbstractVenetoclax and hypomethylating agent (HMA) combination therapy is FDA‐approved for elderly or unfit acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients unable to withstand intensive chemotherapy. The primary objective of the current study was to impart our institutional experience with the above regimen, outlining response, survival outcomes, and its determinants amongst 86 treatment‐ naïve and relapsed/refractory AML patients. A total of 44 treatment‐naïve AML patients, median age 73.5 years, enriched with secondary, therapy related and ELN adverse risk disease (n = 27) were studied. The CR/CRi rates of 50% (22 of 44 patients) were superior to 23% in a matched AML cohort treated with HMA alone (P = .005). Response rates were similar with TP53, FLT3, NPM1 and IDH mutations (P = .31). Moreover, CEPBA mutations (P = .03) and neutropenia (P = .05) emerged as predictors of complete response. Survivalwas prolonged in patients achieving CR/CRi (17 vs 3 months without CR/CRi, P < .001; conversely adverse ELN risk portended inferior survival. Amongst 42 relapsed/refractory AML patients, half received ≥2 prior therapies excluding transplant, and 15 (35.7%) had received HMA. A group of 14 patients (33.3%) attained CR/CRi; age > 65 years, AML with myelodysplasia, JAK2, DNMT3A, and BCOR mutations predicted complete response. Survival distinctions were based on CR/CRi (median survival 15 vs 3 months with/without CR/CRi; P < .001), and TP53 mutation status (P = .04). In summary, we corroborate existing reports demonstrating superior response and prolonged survival with venetoclax and HMA in treatment ‐naïve and relapsed/refractory AML patients regardless of genotype. Additionally, we identify unique predictors of response to therapy which require validation.
Isolation and Synthesis of Glycophospholipids from the extremophile Chthonomonas calidirosea
Authors: Compton Benjamin J. , Lagutin Kirill , Dyer Blake S. , Ryan Jason , MacKenzie Andrew , Stott Matthew B. , Nekrasov Eduard V. , Painter Gavin F. , Vyssotski Mikhail 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAn interesting set of ten phospholipids including eight previously unreported compounds have been isolated from the extremophile Chthonomonas calidirosea (strain T49T). Common within these metabolites is the phosphatidylglyceroylalkylamine core unit with the newly identified compounds containing α‐linked glucosyl, xylosyl or N‐alanylglucosaminyl monosaccharides. The previously reported N‐acetylglucosaminyl and aglycone derivatives were also identified in extracts from this bacterium. All metabolites were accompanied by a structural isomer which was shown to contain an extra hydroxyl group within the alkylamine chain. The absolute regio‐ and stereochemistries of the major phospholipids were confirmed by total synthesis.
Rutheniumethynyl‐Triarylamine Organic−Inorganic Mixed‐Valence Systems: Regulating Ru‐N Electronic Coupling by Different Aryl Bridge Cores
Authors: Ou Ya‐Ping , Zhang Jing , Wang Aihui , Yuan Ande , Yin Chuang , Liu Sheng Hua 
Published: August 2020

AbstractFour rutheniumethynyl‐triarylamine complexes 1–4 with different aryl bridge cores were prepared. The solid structures of complexes 2–4 were fully confirmed by X‐ray single‐crystal diffraction analysis. Two consecutive one‐electron oxidation processes of complexes 1–4 were attributed to the ruthenium and nitrogen centers, as revealed by cyclic voltammetry and square‐wave voltammogram. Results also showed decreasing potential difference ΔE of complexes 1, 3, and 4, with the largest value for 2. Upon chemical oxidation of complexes 1–4 by 1.0 eq oxidation reagents FcPF6 or AgSbF6, the mixed‐valence complexes, except for 2+, show characteristic broad NIR absorptions in the UV‐vis‐NIR spectroscopic experiments. NIR multiple absorptions were assigned to NAr2→RuCp*(dppe) intervalence charge transfer (IVCT) and metal‐to‐ligand charge transfer transitions by TDDFT calculations. Coupling parameter (Hab) from Hush theory revealed that increasing electronic communication in 1+, 3+, and 4+. Electron density distribution of the HOMO for neutral molecules (1, 3, and 4) and spin density distribution of the corresponding single‐oxidized states (1+, 3+, and 4+) increases progressively on the bridge as the size of the aromatic system increases, proving incremental contributions from bridge cores during oxidation.
Thermoluminescence characteristics of lithium borosilicate glass doped with Sm2O3
Authors: Abdelmonem A. , Alazab Huda A. , Salama E. , Saudi H.A. , Elhosany H. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractLithium borosilicate glass composite (SiO2–Li2CO3–H3BO3) doped with various concentrations of Sm2O3 (0–0.7 mole %) was prepared using the melt quenching method. The investigated thermoluminescence (TL) characteristics of the prepared system revealed that the highest TL response was obtained for this glass composite at 0.05 mol% Sm2O3. In this study, the 0.05 mol% Sm2O3‐doped lithium borosilicate glass composite was subjected to detailed dosimetric investigation in terms of its annealing condition, dose–response, and minimum detectable dose. The reproducibility of the response, thermal characteristics, and optical fading were also studied. The obtained results showed that the prepared glass composite had a linear dose–response over the wide gamma dose range 2Gy to 2 kGy, as well as reasonable thermal fading and excellent reproducibility. These attributes render the composite under investigation promising for utilization in radiation detection.
Application of achiral–chiral two‐dimensional HPLC for separation of phenylalanine and tryptophan enantiomers in dietary supplement
Authors: Lomenova Anna , Hroboňová Katarína 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis study developed a two‐dimensional heart‐cutting LC method for the separation of amino acid enantiomers. Two approaches for achiral separation of amino acids, phenylalanine and tryptophan, were selected. Amino acids were separated on C18 or hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) columns in first dimension after their enantiomer separation on a teicoplanin chiral column in second dimension. Mobile phases for both separation systems were optimized by testing different types of organic modifiers, concentrations of ion‐pair agent (sodium 1‐octanesulfonate), and ionic modifier (ammonium acetate). The resolution of enantiomers higher than 1.5 for both amino acids was achieved using a C18–teicoplanin coupled column separation system with mobile phases methanol/2 mM sodium 1‐octanesulfonate (10:90 and 75:25, step gradient between achiral and chiral columns, respectively). The lower resolution of amino acid enantiomers (RS ˃ 0.9), but higher column efficiency, was achieved on a HILIC–teicoplanin separation system with mobile phases acetonitrile/50 mM ammonium acetate (90:10 and 80:20, step gradient between achiral and chiral columns, respectively). The developed heart‐cutting 2D‐LC methods were validated in terms of linearity, limit of detection, limit of quantification, precision, and accuracy. The results suggested that the developed methods were applicable for the simultaneous determination of amino acid enantiomers in the dietary supplement. The sample contained l‐phenylalanine and l‐tryptophan.
An improved fabric‐phase sorptive extraction protocol for the determination of seven parabens in human urine by HPLC–DAD
Authors: Rigkos Georgios , Alampanos Vasileios , Kabir Abuzar , Furton Kenneth G. , Roje Željka , Vrček Ivana Vinković , Panderi Irene , Samanidou Victoria 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAn improved fabric‐phase sorptive extraction (FPSE) protocol has been developed and validated herein for the simple, fast, sensitive and green determination of seven parabens—methyl paraben, ethyl paraben, propyl paraben, butyl paraben, isopropyl paraben, isobutyl paraben and benzyl paraben—in human urine samples by HPLC–DAD. The mobile phase consisted of ammonium acetate (0.05 m) and acetonitrile, while total analysis time was 13.2 min. Sol–gel poly (tetrahydrofuran) coated FPSE membrane resulted in optimum extraction sensitivity for the seven parabens. The novel FPSE medium as well as the improved and faster sample preparation procedure resulted in lower limit of detection and quantitation values in comparison with previously reported methods. The separation was carried out using an RP‐HPLC method with a Spherisorb C18 column and a flow rate of 1.4 ml/min. The validation of the analytical method was carried out by means of linearity, precision, accuracy, selectivity, sensitivity and robustness. For all seven parabens, the limits of detection and quantitation were 0.003 and 0.01 μg/ml, respectively. Relative recovery rates were between 86.3 and 104%, while RSD values were <12.6 and 19.3% for within‐ and between‐day repeatability, respectively. The method was subsequently applied to real human urine samples.
Oxidative pentose phosphate pathway and glucose anaplerosis support maintenance of mitochondrial NADPH pool under mitochondrial oxidative stress
Authors: Moon Sun Jin , Dong Wentao , Stephanopoulos Gregory N. , Sikes Hadley D. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractMitochondrial NADPH protects cells against mitochondrial oxidative stress by serving as an electron donor to antioxidant defense systems. However, due to technical challenges, it still remains unknown as to the pool size of mitochondrial NADPH, its dynamics, and NADPH/NADP+ ratio. Here, we have systemically modulated production rates of H2O2 in mitochondria and assessed mitochondrial NADPH metabolism using iNap sensors, 13C glucose isotopic tracers, and a mathematical model. Using sensors, we observed decreases in mitochondrial NADPH caused by excessive generation of mitochondrial H2O2, whereas the cytosolic NADPH was maintained upon perturbation. We further quantified the extent of mitochondrial NADPH/NADP+ based on the mathematical analysis. Utilizing 13C glucose isotopic tracers, we found increased activity in the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) accompanied small decreases in the mitochondrial NADPH pool, whereas larger decreases induced both PPP activity and glucose anaplerosis. Thus, our integrative and quantitative approach provides insight into mitochondrial NADPH metabolism during mitochondrial oxidative stress.