bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Virtual Reality on Balance in Individuals With Parkinson Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Chen Yi , Gao Qiang , He Cheng-Qi , Bian Rong 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background
Virtual reality (VR) is a frequently used intervention for the rehabilitation of individuals with neurological disorders.

Purpose
The aims of this review were to identify the short-term effect of VR on balance and to compare it with the effect of active interventions in individuals with Parkinson disease (PD).

Data Sources
Searches for relevant articles available in English were conducted using the MEDLINE (via PubMed), EMBASE, CENTRAL, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Physiotherapy Evidence Database databases from inception until March 2019.

Study Selection
All randomized controlled trials comparing the effect of training with VR and the effect of training without VR on balance in individuals with PD were included.

Data Extraction
Two authors independently extracted data, assessed the methodological quality, and evaluated the evidence quality of the studies.

Data Synthesis
Fourteen randomized controlled trials including 574 individuals were eligible for qualitative analyses, and 12 of the studies involving 481 individuals were identified as being eligible for meta-analyses. Compared with active interventions, the use of VR improved the Berg Balance Scale score (mean difference = 1.23; 95% CI = 0.15 to 2.31; I2 = 56%). The Dynamic Gait Index and Functional Gait Assessment results were also significant after the sensitivity analyses (mean difference = 0.69; 95% CI = 0.12 to 1.26; I2 = 0%). Both provided moderate statistical evidence. However, the Timed “Up & Go” Test and the Activities-Specific Balance Confidence Scale did not differ significantly.

Limitations
Publication bias and diversity in the interventions were the main limitations.

Conclusions
Existing moderate evidence of the effectiveness of VR with the Berg Balance Scale, Dynamic Gait Index, and Functional Gait Assessment for individuals with PD was promising. Although the differences did not reach the clinically important change threshold, VR was comparable to active interventions and could be considered an adjuvant therapy for balance rehabilitation in individuals with PD.
A Carol by James Ryman in the Holkham Archives
Authors: Beadle Richard , Smith Anthony 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
A late fifteenth-century manorial notebook in the archives of the Earl of Leicester at Holkham Hall, Norfolk, has been found to contain a hitherto unnoticed and apparently unique late medieval English carol, based on the Latin hymn Te deum. Comparison with other examples of the genre suggests that its author is more likely than not to have been James Ryman, a Franciscan friar of Canterbury, and a prolific writer of carols. His oeuvre includes a number of compositions deriving from the Te deum, to some of which the Holkham text bears significant similarities. The owner of the notebook is identified as William Wayte Jr of Tittleshall, Norfolk, who is known to have served as an estate administrator and agent for the well-known Norfolk lawyer Sir Roger Townshend of Raynham (c.1430–1493). Certain provisions in Wayte’s will suggest that his interest in the carol may have been connected to a devotion on his part to the Trinity, which in late medieval art was often expressed through imagery drawn from the Te deum.
Organizational determinants and idiosyncrasies of firms’ absorptive capacity in a developing country
Authors: Teixeira André Luiz da Silva , Rapini Márcia Siqueira , Caliari Thiago 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis article analyses the idiosyncrasies and organizational determinants of the absorptive capacity (AC) of firms located in a developing country. Theoretically, this article characterizes a ‘vicious circle of limited AC’ in Latin American firms. Empirically, the Brazilian Innovation Survey (2011 and 2014) is employed to analyze the role of organizational innovation and different innovative efforts to build two types of AC: (1) academic AC (to absorb knowledge from universities or research institutes); (2) market AC (to absorb knowledge from suppliers, clients, or competitors). The main results indicate that firms develop both types of AC through training and acquisition of external Research and Development (R&D), instead of expenditure on internal R&D; academic AC is also built by external relationships and the firms’ researchers’ skills, while market AC is primarily affected by better internal knowledge diffusion. These results qualify the generic argument of limited AC for firms in a Latin American context.
Orchestrating collaborative projects: Inside ICT networks in Horizon 2020
Authors: Enger Simen G , Gulbrandsen Magnus 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This article investigates decisions taken at the project level in establishing and managing collaborative ICT projects under the European Framework Programme Horizon 2020. Based on interviews with project coordinators from European research organizations, we offer a detailed examination of how projects are built and managed, and how decisions influence the formation of collaborative networks. Projects are typically set up in three stages. In the first, a smaller group that has worked together before decides on the main idea. This leads in the second stage to a gradual invitation of partners to satisfy professional and formal demands, which also defines the structure of the project. If funded, more detailed decisions on ownership and interaction are taken in the third stage. Coordinators are under pressure from the regulatory control of the EU Commission, which can explain the strong preference for well-known partners, but the formal monitoring also provides tools for project managers.
An international Delphi consensus study to define motivational communication in the context of developing a training program for physicians
Authors: Dragomir Anda I , Boucher Vincent Gosselin , Bacon Simon L , Gemme Claudia , Szczepanik Geneviève , Corace Kimberly , Campbell Tavis S , Vallis Michael T , Garber Gary , Rouleau Codie , Rabi Doreen , Diodati Jean G , Ghali William , Lavoie Kim L 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPoor health behaviors (e.g., smoking, poor diet, and physical inactivity) are major risk factors for noncommunicable chronic diseases (NCDs). Evidence supporting traditional advice-giving approaches to promote behavior change is weak or short lived. Training physicians to improve their behavior change counseling/communication skills is important, yet the evidence for the efficacy and acceptability of existing training programs is lacking and there is little consensus on the core competencies that physicians should master in the context of NCD management. The purpose of this study is to generate an acceptable, evidence-based, stakeholder-informed list of the core communication competencies that physicians should master in the context of NCD management. Using a modified Delphi process for consensus achievement, international behavior change experts, physicians, and allied health care professionals completed four phases of research, including eight rounds of online surveys and in-person meetings over 2 years (n = 13–17 participated in Phases I, III, and IV and n = 39–46 in Phase II). Eleven core communication competencies were identified: reflective listening, expressing empathy, demonstrating acceptance, tolerance, and respect, responding to resistance, (not) negatively judging or blaming, (not) expressing hostility or impatience, eliciting “change-talk”/evocation, (not) being argumentative or confrontational, setting goals, being collaborative, and providing information neutrally. These competencies were used to define a unified approach for conducting behavior change counseling in medical settings: Motivational Communication. The results may be used to inform and standardize physician training in behavior change counseling and communication skills to reduce morbidity and mortality related to poor health behaviors in the context of NCD prevention and management.
Epidemiologic Characteristics of COVID-19 in Guizhou, China
Authors: Ping Kaike , Lei Mingyu , Gou Yun , Tao Ying , Huang Yan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAt the end of 2019, a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbroke in Wuhan, China, and spread to Guizhou province on January of 2020. To acquire the epidemiologic characteristics of COVID-19 in Guizhou, China, we collected data on 162 laboratory-confirmed cases related to COVID-19. We described the demographic characteristics of the cases and estimated the incubation period, serial interval and basic reproduction number. With an estimation of 8 days incubation period and 6 days serial interval, our results indicate that there may exist infectiousness during the incubation period for 2019-nCoV. This increases the difficulty of screening or identifying cases related to COVID-19.
The Seattle Flu Study: a multi-arm community-based prospective study protocol for assessing influenza prevalence, transmission, and genomic epidemiology
Authors:   Seattle Flu Study Investigators, Chu Helen Y. , Boeckh Michael , Englund Janet A. , Famulare Michael , Lutz Barry R. , Nickerson Deborah A. , Rieder Mark J. , Starita Lea M. , Shendure Jay , Bedford Trevor ,   Co-Investigators, Adler Amanda , Brandstetter Elisabeth , Frazar Chris D. , Han Peter D. , Gulati Reena K. , Hadfield James , Jackson Michael L. , Kiavand Anahita , Kimball Louise E. , Lacombe Kirsten , Logue Jennifer , Lyon Victoria , Newman Kira L. , Sibley Thomas R. , Suchsland Monica L. Zigman , Wolf Caitlin 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIntroductionInfluenza epidemics and pandemics cause significant morbidity and mortality. An effective response to a potential pandemic requires the infrastructure to rapidly detect, characterize, and potentially contain new and emerging influenza strains at a population level. The objective of this study is to use data gathered simultaneously from community and hospital sites to develop a model of how influenza enters and spreads in a population.Methods and AnalysisStarting in the 2018-19 season, we have been enrolling individuals with acute respiratory illness from community sites throughout the Seattle metropolitan area, including clinics, childcare facilities, Seattle-Tacoma International Airport, workplaces, college campuses, and homeless shelters. At these sites, we collect clinical data and mid-nasal swabs from individuals with at least two acute respiratory symptoms. Additionally, we collect residual nasal swabs and data from individuals who seek care for respiratory symptoms at four regional hospitals. Samples are tested using a multiplex molecular assay, and influenza whole genome sequencing is performed for samples with influenza detected. Geospatial mapping and computational modeling platforms are in development to characterize the regional spread of influenza and other respiratory pathogens.Ethics and DisseminationThe study was approved by the University of Washington’s Institutional Review Board. Results will be disseminated through talks at conferences, peer-reviewed publications, and on the study website (www.seattleflu.org).Article SummaryStrengths and limitations of this study-Large-scale multiple-arm study of respiratory illness characterization with collection of samples from individuals in the community as well as in ambulatory care and hospital settings-Integration of sociodemographic, clinical, and geospatial data on a regional level-Multiplex molecular testing for multiple viral and bacterial pathogens and whole genome sequencing of influenza for detailed molecular epidemiologic characterization and transmission mapping-Geographically and socioeconomically diverse sampling of community-based acute respiratory illnesses
Rapid Motor Fluctuations Reveal Short-Timescale Neurophysiological Biomarkers of Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Ahn Minkyu , Lee Shane , Lauro Peter M. , Schaeffer Erin L. , Akbar Umer , Asaad Wael F. 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACTIdentifying neural activity biomarkers of brain disease is essential to provide objective estimates of disease burden, obtain reliable feedback regarding therapeutic efficacy, and potentially to serve as a source of control for closed-loop neuromodulation. In Parkinson’s Disease (PD), microelectrode recordings (MER) are routinely performed in the basal ganglia to guide electrode implantation for deep brain stimulation (DBS). While pathologically-excessive oscillatory activity has been observed and linked to PD motor dysfunction broadly, the extent to which these signals provide quantitative information about disease expression and fluctuations, particularly at short timescales, is unknown. Furthermore, the degree to which informative signal features are similar or different across patients has not been rigorously investigated. Here, we recorded neural activity from the subthalamic nucleus (STN) of patients with PD undergoing awake DBS surgery while they performed an objective, continuous behavioral assessment. This approach leveraged natural motor performance variations as a basis to identify corresponding neurophysiological biomarkers. Using machine learning techniques, we show it was possible to use neural signals from the STN to decode the level of motor impairment at short timescales (as short as one second). Spectral power across a wide range of frequencies, beyond the classic “β” oscillations, contributed to this decoding. While signals providing significant information about the quality of motor performance were found throughout the STN, the most informative signals tended to arise from locations in or near the dorsolateral, sensorimotor portion. Importantly, the informative patterns of neural oscillations were not fully generalizable across subjects, suggesting a patient-specific approach will be critical for optimal disease tracking and closed-loop neuromodulation.
Seattle Flu Study - Swab and Send: Study Protocol for At-Home Surveillance Methods to Estimate the Burden of Respiratory Pathogens on a City-Wide Scale
Authors: Kim Ashley E. , Brandstetter Elisabeth , Graham Chelsey , Heimonen Jessica , Osterbind Audrey , McCulloch Denise J. , Han Peter D. , Starita Lea M. , Nickerson Deborah A. , Van de Loo Margaret M. , Mooney Jennifer , Rieder Mark J. , Ilcisin Misja , Fay Kairsten A. , Lee Jover , Sibley Thomas R. , Bedford Trevor , Englund Janet A. , Boeckh Michael , Chu Helen Y. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIntroductionWhile seasonal influenza and other respiratory pathogens cause significant morbidity and mortality each year, the community-based burden of these infections remains incompletely understood. Understanding the prevalence, epidemiology, and transmission dynamics of respiratory pathogen infections among community-dwelling individuals is essential during pandemic and epidemic settings and for developing pandemic-preparedness infrastructure.Methods and AnalysisWe present the protocol for a novel, city-wide home-based cross-sectional study in the Seattle Metropolitan area, utilizing rapid delivery systems for self-collection of a nasal swab and return to the laboratory for respiratory pathogen testing. All participation takes place electronically, including recruitment, consent, and data collection. Within 48 hours of participants self-reporting respiratory symptoms, a nasal swab kit is delivered to the household via a courier service. Demographic and illness characteristics are collected at the time of sample collection and recovery and behavioral information collected one week later. Specimens are tested in the laboratory for multiple respiratory pathogens, and results are available on a public website for participants.Ethics and DisseminationThe study was approved by the University of Washington Institutional Review Board (Protocol #00006181). Results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications, talks at conferences, and on the Study Website (www.seattleflu.org).Article SummaryThe findings of this study will inform whether a home-based approach to city-wide respiratory surveillance is possible in epidemic settingsA key strength of this study is that it is conducted across diverse neighborhoods spanning a major metropolitan areaClinical findings may not be generalizable, as they are reliant on self-report (vaccination status, symptoms, healthcare utilization, etc.)
Midbrain dopamine neurons encode internal effort signal
Authors: Wang Dong V 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMidbrain dopamine neurons of the ventral tegmental area (VTA) play a central role in both positive and negative motivation. As motivation and effort are intrinsically connected, we asked how the VTA dopamine neurons may also process internally driven effort signal. We designed two novel jumping tasks, the reward- and escape-motivated jumps, and revealed that the VTA dopamine neurons exhibit an effort-correlated activation during both jumping behaviors.
High-contrast in-vivo imaging of tau pathologies in Alzheimer’s and non-Alzheimer’s disease tauopathies
Authors: Tagai Kenji , Ono Maiko , Kubota Manabu , Kitamura Soichiro , Takahata Keisuke , Seki Chie , Takado Yuhei , Shinotoh Hitoshi , Sano Yasunori , Matsuoka Kiwamu , Takuwa Hiroyuki , Shimojo Masafumi , Takahashi Manami , Kawamura Kazunori , Kikuchi Tatsuya , Okada Maki , Akiyama Haruhiko , Suzuki Hisaomi , Onaya Mitsumoto , Takeda Takahiro , Arai Kimihito , Arai Nobutaka , Araki Nobuyuki , Saito Yuko , Kimura Yasuyuki , Ichise Masanori , Tomita Yutaka , Zhang Ming-Rong , Suhara Tetsuya , Shigeta Masahiro , Sahara Naruhiko , Higuchi Makoto , Shimada Hitoshi 
Published: March 2020

SUMMRAYA panel of radiochemicals has enabled in-vivo positron emission tomography (PET) of tau pathologies in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), while sensitive detection of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) tau inclusions has been unsuccessful. Here, we generated an imaging probe, PM-PBB3, for capturing diverse tau deposits. In-vitro assays demonstrated the reactivity of this compound with tau pathologies in AD and FTLD. We could also utilize PM-PBB3 for optical/PET imaging of a living murine tauopathy model. A subsequent clinical PET study revealed increased binding of 18F-PM-PBB3 in diseased patients, reflecting cortical-dominant AD and subcortical-dominant PSP tau topologies. Notably, the in-vivo reactivity of 18F-PM-PBB3 with FTLD tau inclusion was strongly supported by neuropathological examinations of autopsied and biopsied brains derived from Pick’s disease, PSP and corticobasal degeneration patients who underwent PET scans. Finally, visual inspection of 18F-PM-PBB3-PET images was indicated to facilitate individually based identification of diverse clinical phenotypes of FTLD on the neuropathological basis.
Integrating Genomic and Transcriptomic Data to Reveal Genetic Mechanisms Underlying Piao Chicken Rumpless Trait
Authors: Wang Yun-Mei , Khederzadeh Saber , Li Shi-Rong , Otecko Newton Otieno , Irwin David M , Thakur Mukesh , Ren Xiao-Die , Wang Ming-Shan , Wu Dong-Dong , Zhang Ya-Ping 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPiao chicken, a rare Chinese native poultry breed, lacks primary tail structures, such as pygostyle, caudal vertebra, uropygial gland and tail feathers. So far, the molecular mechanisms underlying tail absence in this breed have remained unclear. We employed comprehensive comparative transcriptomic and genomic analyses to unravel potential genetic underpinnings of rumplessness in the Piao chicken. Our results reveal many biological factors involved in tail development and several genomic regions under strong positive selection in this breed. These regions contain candidate genes associated with rumplessness, includingIRX4, IL-18, HSPB2, andCRYAB. Retrieval of quantitative trait loci (QTL) and gene functions implied that rumplessness might be consciously or unconsciously selected along with the high-yield traits in Piao chicken. We hypothesize that strong selection pressures on regulatory elements might lead to gene activity changes in mesenchymal stem cells of the tail bud and eventually result in tail truncation by impeding differentiation and proliferation of the stem cells. Our study provides fundamental insights into early initiation and genetic bases of the rumpless phenotype in Piao chicken.
Tead1 reciprocally regulates adult β-cell proliferation and function to maintain glucose homeostasis
Authors: Lee Jeongkyung , Liu Ruya , Kim Byung S. , Zhang Yiqun , Li Feng , Jagannathan Rajaganapti , Yang Ping , Negi Vinny , Danvers Joseph , Perez-Garcia Eliana Melissa , Saha Pradip K. , Sabek Omaima , Creighton Chad J. , Coarfa Cristian , Huising Mark O. , Shih Hung-Ping , Bottino Rita , Ma Ke , Moulik Mousumi , Yechoor Vijay K. 
Published: March 2020

SummaryProliferative quiescence in β-cells is required to maintain functional competence. While this presents a significant hurdle in regenerative therapy for diabetes, the molecular underpinnings of this reciprocal relationship remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that TEAD1, the transcription effector of the mammalian-Hippo pathway, drives developmental stage-specific β-cell proliferative capacity in conjunction with its functional maturation. TEAD1 promotes adult β-cell mature identity by direct transcriptional control of a network of critical β-cell transcription factors, including,Pdx1, Nkx6.1, and MafA,while its regulation ofCdkn2amaintains proliferative quiescence. Consequently, mice with either constitutive or inducible genetic deletion ofTEAD1in β-cells developed overt diabetes due to a severe loss of secretory function despite induction of proliferation. Furthermore, we show that TEAD1 has a similar regulatory role in human β-cells. Consistent with this function in β-cells, variants inTEAD1have been associated with c-HOMA-B in American Indians. We propose that TEAD1 is an essential intrinsic molecular switch coordinating adult β-cell proliferative quiescence with mature identity and its differential modulation may be necessary to overcome the challenge of inducing proliferation with functional competence in human beta cells.
Molecular Graph Enhanced Transformer for Retrosynthesis Prediction
Authors: Mao Kelong , Zhao Peilin , Xu Tingyang , Rong Yu , Xiao Xi , Huang Junzhou 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWith massive possible synthetic routes in chemistry, retrosynthesis prediction is still a challenge for researchers. Recently, retrosynthesis prediction is formulated as a Machine Translation (MT) task. Namely, since each molecule can be represented as a Simplified Molecular-Input Line-Entry System (SMILES) string, the process of retrosynthesis is analogized to a process of language translation from the product to reactants. However, the MT models that applied on SMILES data usually ignore the information of natural atomic connections and the topology of molecules. To make more chemically plausible constrains on the atom representation learning for better performance, in this paper, we propose a Graph Enhanced Transformer (GET) framework, which adopts both the sequential and graphical information of molecules. Four different GET designs are proposed, which fuse the SMILES representations with atom embeddings learned from our improved Graph Neural Network (GNN). Empirical results show that our model significantly outperforms the vanilla Transformer model in test accuracy.
Algorithm for theoretical mapping of bio-strings for co-expression: bridging genotype to phenotype
Authors: Prakash Om 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACTIdentification of possibility of co-expression or co-performance directly from set of bio-strings as protein sequences represents an important problem of bridging between genotype to phenotype. This algorithm presents above bridging. Algorithm was implemented with proteins known from human hormone signaling system. Co-expression of proteins was cross-validated through human gene COXPRESdb v7 database. Possibility of protein-protein interaction (PPI) was also cross checked through STRING database. Results were found to be effectively fascinating. Considering the indications from results, this algorithm can be adopted for theoretical identification of co-expression or co-performance of bio-strings.