bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kantelpunt: op naar een nieuwe aanpak van problemen in de uitvoering van beleid
Authors: van Thiel Sandra 
Published: November 2020

Tilting point: a new approach of problems in and with executive agencies
Over the past three years a number of reports and initiatives have emerged which seem to point to a different approach to solve problems in and with executive agencies. In the past, most problems were blamed on the agencies, by the media and politicians alike. However, these new reports and initiatives seem to allow room for a different, more realistic explanation. This article lists five of these reports and initiatives. First a letter on the results of the new coalition formation in 2017, concluding that executive agencies are under too much pressure and blame, and drawing more attention to the role of the legislature and the executive powers. Second, a report has been written by the Senior Civil Service – commissioned by a group of ministries – that offers a powerful analysis of the various causes of problems in and with executive agencies, leading to a number of prescriptions for all parties involved. Third, a ministerial committee has been established to discuss these problems and possible solutions on a regular basis. Fourth, the House of Representatives has launched a parliamentary inquiry into this topic. And finally, an unsolicited advisory report by the Council of State has been published on the dilemmas around ministerial accountability, stating that the blame for problems in and with executive agencies is often attributed in a false way. Together these five reports and initiatives call for a broader approach in handling such problems and hence more effective solutions.
Herstelgerichte sancties en het strafbegrip
Authors: van Stokkom Bas 
Published: November 2020

Restorative justice sanctions and the concept of punishment. John Blad’s theory
This essay focuses on John Blad’s views on the sanction concept of restorative justice and the punishment concept of criminal law. What is the status of a restorative sanction? How does that sanction differ from imposed criminal sanctions?
Welke samenleving in het herstelrecht?
Authors: Aertsen Ivo 
Published: November 2020

Whither society in restorative justice? Challenging citizenship and community building
This article discusses the concepts of society and community involvement as they appeared in the articles of the Dutch-Flemish Tijdschrift voor Herstelrecht (Journal of Restorative Justice) during last 20 years. It shows how the journal from its very beginning adopted a strong focus on criminal justice reform, although restorative practices within the community occupied a considerable space in the consecutive volumes as well. Studies on restorative justice programmes in Belgium and The Netherlands, such as victim-offender mediation and family-group conferences, revealed a predominant orientation on interpersonal relationships stressing the role of the community of care. In the same sense, also community mediation and other community oriented restorative practices focus on the personal well-being of people and the improvement of personal and social relationships. Hence, both theory and practice face two important challenges in developing restorative justice: (1) which role to give to a larger community and how to operationalize its involvement, and (2) how to deal with underlying causes of crime and social-structural injustices? Referring to European action-research projects and to conceptual models developed outside Europe, a case is made for designing restorative justice methodologies and programmes involving civil society in a more encompassing way and linking micro to macro societal levels. Developing strategic alliances with new social movements could be the way forward.
Surveillance of cryptosporidium in some dairy farm
Authors: Ulammunkh Gajidmaa , Gonchig Mungunkhulug , Byambaa Burenbaatar , Gonchigoo Battsetseg , Igori Khatanbaatar 
Published: November 2020

Apicomplexan protozoan parasites of the genus Cryptosporidium is infect the gastrointestinal tract on wall epithelium cell of animals and humans. The farm is important object with a high risk significant outbreak of zoonotic infections. We conducted by random sampling prevalence of Cryptosporidium based on dairy farms in the Selenge, Tuwaimags and near of Ulaanbaatar city. In the study, a total of 170 fecal sample from 131 cattle and 4-10 months aged calves, were infected 37.6% (64/170). Detection of Cryptosporidium oocyst with commonly used for fuchsin staining. Further research into molecular biology is needed.
Сүүний үхрийн зарим аж ахуйд криптоспоридийн тандан судалгаа хийсэн дүн
Криптоспорид хүн, мал амьтдын ходоод, гэдэсний ханын хучуур эсэд шимэгчилдэг эгэл биетэн.Cүүний чиглэлийн үхрийн аж ахуйд ариун цэврийн дэглэм алдагдвал зоонозын халдвар дэгдэх өндөр эрсдэлтэй. Бид санамсаргүй түүвэрлэлтийн аргаар Сэлэнгэ, Төв аймаг, Улаанбаатар хот орчмын зарим сүүний үхрийн аж ахуйг түшиглэн криптоспоридийн тандан судалгааг явууллаа. Уг судалгаанд үнээ-131, 4-10 сарын бойжилттой тугал-39, нийт 170 баасны дээжид криптоспоридийн ооцистыг илрүүлэхэд 37.6% (64/170)халдварлалттай байв. Цаашид үүсгэгчийн биологи, молекул биологийн судалгааг нарийвчлан хийх шаардлагатай.
Түлхүүр үг: Баасны дээж, ооцист, сахрын ханасан уусмал, тугал, фуксины будаг
Effects of feed intake on methane gas emission
Authors: Narantuya Solongo , Ayushjav Otgonjargal , Norovsambuu Togtokhbayar 
Published: November 2020

Hydrid lams of Dorper x Native sheep weighted with 44.5-61.1 kg live were selected and divided into three experimental groups. Each experimental groups were fed by 50 percentages grass, 50 percentages of cereals and 50 percentages of mineral containing fees separately. Methane gas emission was measured from animal fed by pellets amounted 2.5 kg, 1.48 kg and 1.11 kg for first, second and third groups, respectively. During the study period, sheep extricated 6.65 liters, 5.05 liters and 1.78 liters of methane gas. The methane extraction was 24.1-71.8 percentage higher in first feeding groups compared to other two groups (P<0.01). The very strong positive correlation was found between he feed intake and methane gas emission. In other words, 67.0 percentages of methane gas emission were caused by the feed intake.
Метан хийн ялгаралт тэжээлийн идэмжээс хамаарах нь
Бид судалгаанд “Нутгийн х Дорпер” хонины F1 эрлийз, 44.5-61.1 кг амьдын жинтэй 15 хонийг сонгож туршилтын 3 бүлэгт (n=5) хувааж бүдүүн тэжээл 50, хүчит, эрдэс тэжээл 50 хувь бүхий жороор тэжээв. Туршлагын бүлгүүдэд хорголжин тэжээлийг хоногт I-р бүлэгт 2.5 кг, II-р бүлэгт 1.48 кг, III-р бүлэгт 1.11 кг-аар өгч метан болон нүүрсхүчлийн хийн ялгаралтыг судлав. Туршилтын хугацаанд I-р бүлгийн хонь 6.65 л, II-р бүлгийнх 5.05 л, III-р бүлгийнх 1.78 л метан хий ялгаруулсан ба I бүлэг бусад бүлгийнхээс 24.1-71.8 хувиар илүү ялгаруулсан байна (P<0.01). Метан хийн ялгаралт, тэжээлийн идэмж хоорондын хамаарлыг судлахад эерэг хамааралтай буюу 67.0 хувь нь идсэн тэжээлээс хамаарч байна.
Түлхүүр үг: идэмж, метан хий, нүүрсхүчлийн хий
Variety trail results of food and fodder barleys in central agricultural zone
Authors: Zorigt Erdenechimeg , Nyamdavaa Tsolmon , Azjargal Sarantsetseg , Byambaa Odgerel 
Published: November 2020

The new varieties of barley, which is adapted to the drought conditions of our country, are indispensable. The main task of this study focused on the identification of barley varieties in the soil and climatic conditions of the central region of cultivation and the identification of high-yielding, disease-resistant, drought-resistant, and grade-resistant barley varieties. There were tested a total of 14 varieties of barley for food, forage and beer, are compared with standard variety by yield and other quality indicators, the maturation periods were ranged 88-106 days for experimental varieties, while there were yielded 2.2-14.7 c / ha, 6.0-14.8 c / ha and 2.0-4.5 c / ha for the beer, forage and food varieties, respectively. The beer variety MonPiBarley-5 and line PA-459 yielded 4.3-5.4 c / ha more than the standard varieties, but the line TA-453 had grown 8.8 cm higher than standard feed variety. However, the data presented here tested varieties no exceed the yield of the standard variety.
Газар тариалангийн төв бүсэд хүнс, тэжээлийн зориулалттай арвайн сортуудыг сорьсон дүн
Манай орны гандуу хуурай цаг уурын нөхцөлд зохицсон арвайн шинэ сортыг сорьж туршин, үйлдвэрлэлд нэвтрүүлэх шаардлага хэрэгцээ нилээд гарч байна. Энэ судалгаа нь тариалангийн төв бүсийн хөрс, цаг уурын нөхцөлд дасан зохицож ургах чадвартай, өндөр ургацтай, биохимийн үзүүлэлт сайтай сортыг илрүүлж шалгаруулах зорилготой. Нийт хүнс, тэжээл, шар айрагны 14 сортыг жишиг сорттой ургалтын хугацаа, ургац болон бусад чанарын үзүүлэлтээр харьцуулан судлахад сортуудын боловсрох хугацаа 88-106 хоног, шар айрагны зориулалтаар тарьсан сортууд нь 2.2-14.7 ц/га, тэжээлийн зориулалтынх 6.0-14.8 ц/га, хүнсний зориулалтын арвай нь 2.0-5.5 ц/га ургац өгч байлаа. Шар айрагны сортуудаас МонПиАрвай-5, ПА-459 сортууд жишиг сортоос га талбайгаас 4.3-5.4 ц-ээр, тэжээлийн сортуудаас ТА-453 сорт жишиг сортоос 8.8 ц-ээр илүү ургац өгч шалгарч байна. Харин хүнсний сортуудаас жишиг сортоос ургацаар давсан сорт гарсангүй.
Түлхүүр үг: ургалтын хугацаа, ургац, ургацын бүтэц, биохимийн үзүүлэлт
Experimental result on improvement of traditional technology for processing sheepskin
Authors: Buyantsog Otgonbulag , Byambaa Itgel , Bat-Erdene Bat-Onol 
Published: November 2020

This study was conducted to improve the quality of sheepskin, which was treated withmongolian traditional methods using whey. We pickled Mongolian sheepskins using whey, and tanning was processed by aluminum potassium sulfate. The temperature of shrinkage of the sheepskin in our experiment was 73 ° C, which corresponds to the requirement of the standard MNS 0528: 2016 for processed sheepskin where it is indicated that the temperature of shrinkage should be above 70°C. According to the requirement of the standard, the moisture content of the processed sheepskin should not be lower than 14%, then in the experimental version 8.5%, also the pH should be in the range of pH 4.0-4.5 then in the experimental version 4.2.
Уламжлалт аргаар боловсруулсан нэхийний чанарыг сайжруулах туршилтын дүн
Энэхүү судалгааг монголын уламжлалт арьс боловсруулах сүүн идээлгийн чанарыг сайжруулах зорилгоор хийлээ. Бид монгол хонины арьсыг шар сүүний ганд гандаж, нэмэлт идээлгийг хөнгөн цагааны цөрөөр явуулан арьсны чаналтын температурыг 73°С хэмд хүргэв. Боловсруулсан нэхийнд тавигдах MNS0528:2016 стандартын шаардлагад арьсны татах цэг 70°С хэмээс дээш байх гэсэн шаардлагыг хангаж байна. Нэхийний чанарын бусад үзүүлэлт тухайлбал, чийг 14-өөс доошгүй байх шаардлагатай байхад биднийх 8.5%, арьсны рН 4.0-4.5 хооронд байхаас 4.2 байгаа нь стандартад нийцэж байгааг харуулж байна.
Түлхүүр үг: нэхий, шар сүү, цагаа, хөнгөн цагааны цөр, чаналтын температур
Water chemical properties of a lake originated from “Chandagan tal” lignite mining
Authors: Batdelger Oyun-Erdene , Tuulaikhuu Baigal-Amar 
Published: November 2020

We did hydrological survey of a lake which was originated with seepage water from a brown coal mine located in Murun soum, Khentii province. The objectives of this study were to determine water chemical properties and compare to standards and norms for water quality assessment and to know which propose we can use this seepage lake water. We took samples from the different depths of the lake. According to the Alekhin classification the lake water is included in the hydrocarbonate class and the sodium group, with first type water. Seeing water quality, it is salty or highly mineralized (mineralization is 1600 mg /L at 3 m depth), very hard (total hardness is 18.7 mg-eqv /L, and carbonate hardness is 12.8 mg-eqv /L) water. This lake water contains several macro and micro elements exceeding allowable concentration of drinking water guidelines. Because of high salinity it seems not appropriable for cropland watering, although all elements’ concentration within the allowable concentration list. The lake water is partially possible for aquaculture and livestock use, after other detailed toxicological assessments are made.
Чандган тал хүрэн нүүрсний уурхайн шавхалтаас үүссэн нуурын усны химийн үзүүлэлтүүдийг судалсан дүн
Бид Хэнтий аймгийн Мөрөн суманд орших хүрэн нүүрсний уурхайн шавхалтаас үүссэн нууранд гидрохимийн судалгаа хийсэн болно. Энэхүү судалгааны ажлын зорилго нь усны химийн шинж чанарыг тодорхойлох, усны чанарын үнэлгээний стандарт, нормтой харьцуулахаас гадна тухайн усыг ямар зориулалтаар ашиглаж болох талаар судалгааг хийж гүйцэтгэхэд оршино. Энэхүү нуур нь 6.3 га талбайг эзлэн оршиж гүн нь хамгийн гүн хэсэгтээ 5.7 м хүрч байсан ба 256374.85 м3 эзлэхүүнтэй байна. Үүсмэл нуурын ус нь байгалийн усны ангиллаар гидрокарбонатын ангийн, натрийн бүлгийн 1-р төрлийн ус байна. Чанарын хувьд давсархаг буюу их эрдэсжилттэй (эрдэсжилт нь 3 м гүндээ 1604 мг/л), маш хатуу (нийт хатуулаг нь 18.7 мг-экв/л, карбонатын хатуулаг нь 12.8 мг-экв/л) устай. Тухайн нуурын усанд агуулагдах Al, As, Be, Ca, Cd, Fe, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, Pb, U, SO2 зэрэг элементүүд нь “Ундны ус. Эрүүл ахуйн шаардлага, чанар, аюулгүй байдлын үнэлгээ “MNS 0900:2018” стандартын зөвшөөрөгдөх дээд хэмжээг давсан үзүүлэлттэй байна. Эдгээр элементүүдээс хор аюулын зэргээр илүү As, U, Pb, Cd зэрэг хүнд металл 2-9 дахин давсан үзүүлэлттэй байв. Бидний судалсан нуурын усанд газар тариаланд хэрэглэж болох усанд байх элементүүдийн зөвшөөрөгдөх дээд хэмжээнээс давсан зүйлгүй боловч давсжилт өндөртэй учир хөрсийг давсжуулах эрсдэлтэй байж болох юм. Энэхүү нуурын усыг усан сангийн аж ахуй, мал аж ахуй эрхлэх зориулалтаар ашиглахаар бол хоруу чанарын судалгааг нарийн хийх хэрэгтэй юм.
Түлхүүр үг: эрдэсжилт, хатуулаг, ундны ус, усны хэрэглээ
Monitoring study of biological pollution in stream water
Authors: Baasandorj Bujidmaa , Ulziibayar Tsendtseveen , Nyambal Tuul , Yundendorj Khorloo 
Published: November 2020

In recent years, Mongolia's river water has been heavily polluted by human activities, mining, industrialization, and other factors, and the river's flow has been declining every year, conducted a pilot study to monitor the study. The water sample contains an average of 0.7 million cells/ml of bacteria, which indicates low bacterial contamination.
Усны биологийн бохирдлын мониторингийн судалгаа
Сүүлийн жилүүдэд Монгол орны гол мөрний ус хүний буруутай үйл ажиллагаа, уул уурхай, үйлдвэржилт болон бусад хүчин зүйлээс болж маш их бохирдож, голын урсац жил бүр багасч байгаа тул мониторингийн туршилт судалгааг хийлээ. Усны дээжинд дунджаар 0.7 сая эс/мл бактери агуулагдаж байгаа нь нянгийн бохирдол багатай байгааг илтгэж байна.
Түлхүүр үг: тэжээлт орчин, морфологи, физиологи, мониторинг
Creativity as a Resource of Adaptation in a Politically and Economically Unstable Environment
Authors: Vasylkevych Yaroslava Z. , Lomak Olha M. , Zozulia Iryna M. , Kochereva Diana V. , Kikinezhdi Oksana M. 
Published: November 2020

The purpose of the study was to identify the specifics of creativity in student age and the peculiarities of socio-psychological adaptation in a politically and economically unstable environment, as well as gender and micro group patterns of the relationship between creativity and adaptability. The methods such as the Guilford-Torrance method, “Desire for creativity” Scale, Kettell test, Methods of Moreno sociometry, Leary’s method, and Dembo-Rubinstein method were used to monitor the variables. The study identified that non-verbal creativity develops in individuals aged 16-17 years. The creative attitude to life develops in the ones aged 17-18. At the age of 18-19, creativity becomes the most integrated into the system of personal characteristics are motivational and personal components of creativity, which form positive connections with the fundamental adaptive personality characteristics, which indicates a greater adaptive resource of creatively oriented individuals. It was also found that boys, compared to girls, were more prone to leadership, more persistent, assertive (E), more emotionally stable (C), calm (O), and also more independent (Q2). Girls were more likely to feel guilty, anxious (O), more sociable, open (A), sensitive, and vulnerable (I). The study found that students with a high level of development of divergent thinking and its components (cognitive factors of creativity) carry out interpersonal communication (as a component of adaptation) most flexibly and effectively making students less prone to depersonalisation and reducing the risk of emotional exhaustion and maladaptation.
The United States-China Trade War: Empirical Assessment
Authors: Ovuakporaye Victor Adjarho 
Published: November 2020

This paper aims to explore the US-China trade war by looking at various issues surrounding the US-China trade relation. The US-China trade war had been imminent since January 2018, meritoriously commenced on 6 July 2018, which is still ongoing. The US imposed sanctions on various Chinese goods, which was counter by the Chinese side also. Both side have felt the effect of the trade war though China felt the impact more than United States. Though, both nations have recently held positive trade talks which leads to the first phase of negotiation the trade war is still ongoing. If the partnership between the United states and China collapses, this will also end up harming the global economy severely since they are crucial cornerstones of the international economy.
The p75NTR and its carboxyl‐terminal fragment exert opposing effects on melanoma cell proliferation and apoptosis via modulation of the NF‐κB pathway
Authors: Zhong Maojiao , Wang Yingying , Muhammad Farrukh Nisar , Gao Jing , Bian Chunxiang 
Published: November 2020

The p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR), a member of the tumor necrosis factor superfamily of receptors, is sensitive to proteolysis and has been observed to be expressed in various cancers. However, the roles of p75NTR and its proteolytic fragments in tumorigenesis remain incompletely understood. Here, we report that the proportion of the p75NTR carboxyl‐terminal fragment (p75NTR‐CTF) is much higher than that of the full‐length p75NTR (p75NTR‐FL) in melanoma cells. Whereas p75NTR‐FL positively regulates apoptosis, p75NTR‐CTF promotes cell proliferation and survival, as well as increasing sorafenib resistance in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, p75NTR‐CTF activates the nuclear factor kappa B pathway and enhances the mRNA and protein levels of its downstream genes c‐IAP1/2, FLIP, bFGF, IL8 and VEGF. On the contrary, p75NTR‐FL inhibits these processes. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that p75NTR‐CTF and p75NTR‐FL have opposing functions in melanoma cells, suggesting that the ratio of the two proteins affects the balance between cell death and survival. The presence of distinct p75NTR proteolytic fragments may affect biological outcomes in tumor cells.
Is the methodology used in reviews of restoration outcomes reliable? A systematic map protocol
Authors: Romanelli João Paulo , Boschi Raquel Stucchi , de Almeida Danilo Roberti Alves , Rodrigues Ricardo Ribeiro 
Published: November 2020

Abstract1. Over the past decades, evidence‐based research has become increasingly important in restoration ecology. Evidence synthesis can be a powerful tool to identify the most effective strategies to conserve and restore ecosystems. However, reviews in the environmental sector have been described as non‐systematic and exhibit a diverse range of approaches. While it is known that environmental syntheses can substantially improve in quality, the reliability of restoration reviews (i.e. the level of confidence an end‐user may place in their methodology) remains poorly known.2. Given the importance of literature reviews of restoration practice and outcomes for informing management and policy, as well as research, this systematic map protocol aims to scrutinize the peer‐reviewed literature for an assessment of the methodological reliability and reproducibility of restoration reviews. We will use bibliographic databases and search engines to collect studies published in peer‐reviewed journals dealing with the ecological restoration of terrestrial ecosystems.3. Through a scoping exercise, a search string was developed which was based on a previously prepared test list. The search string was then tested for validity with one independent reference list. After searching, the screening process will be done on the title, abstract and full‐text level and consistency checking will be done on a random subsample by a second assessor, with decisions being compared using the kappa test of agreement. After retrieving studies and checking for relevance to the synthesis, we will appraise the methodological reliability of restoration reviews by applying the Collaboration for Environmental Evidence Assessment Tool – CEESAT. Lastly, we will collect bibliometric information to qualitatively describe the retrieved body of literature, and then key trends in data will be synthesized according to a range of generic questions.4. To conduct the resulting review, we will follow the procedures specified in this protocol, considering guidelines from the Collaboration for Environmental Evidence and ROSES form. The resulting review will yield a useful overview of applying systematic reviews principles for various end users. At the same time, it will help restoration practitioners to identify critical points where restoration evidence syntheses must be improved to move forward.