bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using cognitive behavioral intervention to prevent substance use among university students: comparative study
Authors: Hamdan Mansour Ayman , Shehadeh Jumana H. , Hamdan Mansour Laith A. 
Published: July 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to evaluate effectiveness of cognitive behavioral intervention (CBI) to prevent substance use among first-year university students at high risk of substance use.

Design/methodology/approach
Sixty university students at high risk for substance use recruited and assigned to CBI and control groups (30 students per groups). Intervention impact was assessed on measures of attitudes toward substance use at three time points: baseline, postintervention and three-months postintervention.

Findings
The analysis showed that participants’ negative attitudes toward substance use in the intervention group was increased post intervention. Although the mean score was significantly higher than the baseline (Time I) at Time II and dropped at Time III, the mean scores remained higher than time I, using repeated measure ANOVA (p < 0.05).

Practical implications
Findings of this study provide evidence that CBI is effective to sustain substance abstinence among this age group.

Originality/value
The paper is testing effectiveness CBI among a high-risk population of substance use. The study is highlighting the importance of sustaining substance abstinence using psychological preventive methods.
Putting choice in the spotlight to advance theory on organizational adaptation to technological discontinuities
Authors: Carter William 
Published: July 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to develop and argue for a new research path to advance theory on incumbent firm adaptation to discontinuous technological change. Integrating variance and process epistemologies, implications of distinguishing a firm's capacity to adapt from their adaptive choices are highlighted.

Design/methodology/approach
The concepts and argument presented are based on an extensive review and synthesis of the literature on the phenomenon.

Findings
Distinguishing resource-based capacity variables and behavioral-based choice variables can fuel progress in the literature on incumbent adaptation to technological changes. More attention is needed on the direct, proximate determinants of what occurs in the process of adaptation, e.g. the intermediate choices to adapt, the timing of adaptive actions and the selection of a means for adapting. Work must then associate specific choices with performance outcomes to complete both sides of the mediated cause-effect model connecting characteristics of the decision issue to performance.

Originality/value
Most studies toward understanding how incumbent firms adapt to discontinuous technological innovation have used variance analyses to identify firm and technology characteristics that explain adaptation outcomes. Focusing on characteristics and content, however, does not adequately explain why or how firms adapt. Scholars thus continue to lament the lack of clear, practical theory. I contend one heretofore unaddressed reason for this dissatisfaction is that too much of the research base neglects the importance of understanding choices and the factors affecting them.
Distinct functions of two FabA‐like dehydratase domains of polyunsaturated fatty acid synthase in the biosynthesis of very long‐chain polyunsaturated fatty acids
Authors: Xie Xi , Sun Kaiwen , Meesapyodsuk Dauenpen , Miao Yu , Qiu Xiao 
Published: July 2020

SummaryThraustochytrium is a unicellular marine protist for the commercial production of very long‐chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (VLCPUFAs). Biosynthesis of these VLCPUFAs in the protist is catalysed by a PUFA synthase comprising three subunits, each with multiple catalytic domains. Among these domains, two tandem FabA‐like dehydratase domains (DH1 and DH2) in subunit‐C together are responsible for introducing double bonds in VLCPUFAs. Domain swapping analysis in yeast showed that the defective phenotype of a Scfas1 mutant could be complemented by expressing an engineered ScFAS1 gene in which the DH domain was replaced by a single DH1 or mutated DH2 of the two. Heterologous expression of the PUFA synthase in E. coli showed that the mutation of DH1 of the two or deletion of DH1 or substitution of DH1 with DH2 resulted in the complete loss of activity in the biosynthesis of VLCPUFAs. Mutation of DH2 of the two or deletion of the DH2 domain produced a small amount of DPA, but not docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). These results indicate that each of the two FabA‐like domains of the PUFA synthase possesses distinct function. DH1 domain is essential for the biosynthesis of VLCPUFAs, but DH2 domain is required for the biosynthesis of DHA.
Hemodialysis efficiency management from the viewpoint of blood removal pressure
Authors: Kashima Yu , Ninomiya Shinji 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDegradation of dialysis efficiency during hemodialysis, caused by incompatible indwelling needle size or increase in hematocrit, is a serious problem that can threaten a patient's life. This study aims to derive a quantitative index for determining the indwelling needle diameter that can maintain an appropriate blood flow rate, and presents an effective method to prevent a decrease in the actual blood flow rate. The relationships between the set flow rate and various parameters such as indwelling needle diameter, blood viscosity, and arterial line pressure are analyzed. A simple and reliable method for estimating the actual blood flow rate is derived from these relationships. A correlation between viscosity and actual blood flow rate is estimated adequately by regression analysis using a least‐squares method. The relationship between Reynolds number and the flow rate reduction ratio is also evaluated. A new parameter (simple estimation method for actual blood flow) is derived by measuring the blood removal pressure. A pump control approach that uses blood removal pressure is suggested, which can be a future research direction in the field of hemodialysis.
Detection of human papillomavirus distinguishes second primary tumors from lung metastases in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix
Authors: Lin Suxia , Zhang Xinke , Li Xiaoxuan , Qin Changfei , Zhang Lihong , Lu Jiabin , Chen Qunxi , Jin Jietian , Wang Taoli , Wang Fang , Zang Shengbing 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundIn patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix (SCCC), a squamous cell carcinoma (SqCC) in the lung represents either a second primary tumor or metastasis. This distinction between second primary tumors and lung metastases in patients with SCCC significantly influences patient prognosis and therapy. Here, we aimed to differentiate second primary tumors from lung metastases in patients with SCCC by exploring the HPV status in SqCCs involving the lung within a large cohort.MethodsP16 expression was assessed using immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays including a total of 415 primary lung SqCCs and 21 lung SqCCs with prior SCCC. Following this, we performed HPV DNA typing and the sensitive RNAscope in situ method to screen all the cases for HPV E6/E7 expression, which is a more reliable indicator of transcriptively active HPV in tumor cells.ResultsThe p16 positive expression rate was 13.7% (57/415) in primary lung SqCCs, but HPV DNA was not detected in any of the 57 primary lung SqCC cases that positively expressed p16. In contrast, HPV DNA was detected in all cases (21/21) with prior SCCC. Consistently, all 21 lung SqCCs with prior SCCC (21/21) showed extensive HPV16 E6/E7 expression. In striking contrast, none of the primary lung SqCCs (0/415) had a detectable RNAscope signal.ConclusionsHPV does not seem to play a role in the development of primary lung SqCCs. HPV detection may be helpful in distinguishing second primary tumors from lung metastases in patients with SCCC.
Statistical model for Plum pox virus prediction in Prunus nursery blocks using vector and virus incidence data in four different European ecological areas
Authors: Vidal Eduardo , Zagrai Luminita Antonela , Malinowski Tadeusz , Soika Grażyna , Warabieda Wojciech , Tasheva‐Terzieva Elena , Milusheva Snezhana , Zagrai Ioan , Kamenova Ivanka , Bozhkova Valentina , Martínez Carmen , Cambra‐López María , Cambra Mariano 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPlum pox virus (PPV) is the causal agent of sharka, the most devastating virus disease of Prunus species. PPV is transmitted by vegetative propagation, particularly by grafting, as well as by aphid species in a nonpersistent manner. The objective of this paper was to evaluate the prevalence and diversity of PPV‐vector aphid species in representative European areas of prunus cultivation. Four experimental nursery plots were established in Skierniewice (Poland), Liria (Spain), Plovdiv (Bulgaria) and Bistrita (Romania). Aphid population was weekly monitored using the sticky shoot method in spring and/or autumn in each nursery plot. Furthermore, we estimated the relative efficiency factor for the main PPV‐vector aphid species using bibliographic and reference data. Aphid diversity in each nursery plot was assessed using the Shannon index and the number of estimated aphid species was calculated by the rarefaction method. The highest diversity of aphid species population was reported in Plovdiv in spring while the lowest diversity was found in Liria in spring. A cluster analysis based on Morisita–Horn similarity index was performed to study the differences in species composition between the four nursery plots and seasons. Aphid population was clearly grouped by location and season. Results showed Aphis spiraecola and Hyalopterus pruni complex were typically spring aphid species, while Anoecia corni and Rhopalosiphum padi dominated autumn catch. Regarding PPV‐vector aphid species present in nursery plots, A. spiraecola was the most prevalent PPV‐vector aphid species in Liria and in Bistrita, showing a high relative efficiency factor of PPV transmission (0.91). Consequently, A. spiraecola should be considered a key actor in the spread of PPV in these regions. Hyalopterus pruni complex was the most prevalent PPV‐vector aphid species in Skierniewice and Plovdiv, showing a very low relative efficiency factor of PPV transmission (0.09). Therefore, the role of H. pruni complex in spread of PPV in these regions can be considered negligible. Furthermore, we statistically demonstrated that the presence of specific PPV‐vector aphid species is associated with the spread of the disease, whereas the biodiversity of aphid species population does not affect the spread of PPV. Finally, the advantages of the use of vector pressure index in the management of sharka disease are discussed.
Reduction in World Health Organization Risk Drinking Levels and Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Knox Justin , Scodes Jennifer , Witkiewitz Katie , Kranzler Henry R. , Mann Karl , O’Malley Stephanie S. , Wall Melanie , Anton Raymond , Hasin Deborah S. ,   For the Alcohol Clinical Trials (ACTIVE) Workgroup
Published: July 2020

BackgroundReductions in World Health Organization (WHO) risk drinking levels have recently been shown to lower the risk of multiple adverse health outcomes, but prior work has not examined reductions in WHO risk drinking levels in relation to cardiovascular disease (CVD), the leading cause of death for men and women in the United States and of global mortality. This study examined associations between reductions in WHO risk drinking levels and subsequent risk for CVD.MethodsIn a US national survey, 1,058 very‐high‐risk and high‐risk drinkers participated in Wave 1 interviews (2001 to 2002) and Wave 2 follow‐ups (2004 to 2005). Self‐reported CVD history that was communicated to the participant by a doctor or other healthcare professionals included arteriosclerosis, hypertension, angina, tachycardia, or myocardial infarction. We used logistic regression to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aOR) evaluating relationships between ≥2‐level reductions in WHO risk drinking levels from Wave 1 to Wave 2 and the risk of Wave 2 CVD, controlling for baseline characteristics.ResultsReductions of ≥2 WHO risk drinking levels were associated with significantly lower odds of CVD in individuals who at Wave 1 were very‐high‐risk (aOR = 0.58 [0.41 to 0.80]) or high‐risk drinkers (aOR = 0.81 [0.70 to 0.94]). Interaction terms showed that this relationship varied by age. Among individuals >40 years old at Wave 1, reductions of ≥2 WHO risk drinking levels were associated with significantly lower odds of CVD among very‐high‐risk drinkers (aOR = 0.42 [0.28 to 0.63]) but not high‐risk drinkers (p = 0.50). Among individuals ≤40 years old at Wave 1, reductions of ≥2 WHO risk drinking levels were associated with significantly lower odds of CVD among high‐risk drinkers (aOR = 0.50 [0.37 to 0.69]) but not very‐high‐risk drinkers (p = 0.27).ConclusionsThese results show that reductions in WHO risk drinking levels are associated with reduced CVD risk among very‐high‐risk and high‐risk drinkers in the US general population, and provide further evidence that reducing high levels of drinking provides important benefit across multiple clinical domains.
Austral Opossum adjusts to life in second‐growth forests by nesting outside cavities
Authors: Vazquez M. Soledad , Ibarra José Tomás , Altamirano Tomás A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe Austral Opossum is one of the most unique vertebrates in Patagonian forests. It is not only endemic to this habitat; it also plays a key role acting as a seed disperser, nest predator, and is prey to species of conservation concern. However, specific information about its nesting behaviour is scattered and rudimentary at best. Here, we: (i) use personal observations along with published data to group information about nest site choice and (ii) investigate how flexible this behaviour is, examining the relative frequency of both cavity (natural and artificial) and non‐cavity nests. We found that Opossums placed their nests inside cavities 50% of the time in old‐growth forests but only 25% of the time inside cavities in second‐growth forests. We suggest that our naturalist records, along with the previous published literature, might reflect a flexible response of the species to cavity availability. In forests suffering continuous degradation, such as Patagonian ecosystems, this flexible behaviour may increase the likelihood of population persistence in the future. This study leads to the following further questions: is Austral Opossum nesting behaviour phenotypic flexibility or plasticity? Are cavities a limiting resource for this species? Would it be more efficient for a conservation program to install nest boxes or to take actions to encourage the understory vegetation where they can nest?
Conditional survival after surgery for patients with penile cancer
Authors: Liu Wei , Luo Yongwen , Wang Gang , Li Nan , Wang Zhiping , Lei Junhao , Wang Xinghuan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundPenile cancer represents a rare pathology whose natural history of treatment is poorly understood.ObjectiveTo illustrate the dynamic survival profiles in surgically treated patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the penis (SCCP) using the conditional survival (CS) estimates.Materials and methodsPatients with non‐metastatic SCCP were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Conditional 3‐yr overall survival (OS) rate and 3‐yr cancer‐specific survival (CSS) rate represented the primary outcomes of interest and were calculated using the Kaplan‐Meier method. The multivariable Cox regression model was employed to calculate proportional hazard ratios for the prediction of mortality.ResultsA total of 1887 SCCP patients who had undergone surgeries were identified. Given a 1‐, 2‐, 3‐, 4‐, and 5‐yr survivorship, the 3‐yr OS rates were, respectively, improved by + 9.8 (72.6%), +18.2 (78.1%), +23.4 (81.6%), +27.8 (84.5%), and + 26.6% (83.7%) from those calculated at baseline (time zero). As compared with the baseline calculations, patients who had survived 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 yr after surgery could, respectively, harvest a + 7.8 (84.7%), +14.8 (90.2%), +19.5 (93.9%), +22.1 (96.0%), and + 22.4% (96.2%) improvement in 3‐yr CSS. Patients with the most aggressive disease at baseline ultimately benefited the most from event‐free survivorship. Multivariable Cox regression analyses showed that the impact of adverse pathological parameters (G2‐3, ≥ pT2, pN+) on OS and CSS mostly showed a decreasing trend over time and some could disappear after a minimum of 1‐yr survivorship.Discussion and conclusionThe survival probability of SCCP patients increases with post‐operative survival. Patients with aggressive disease at baseline ultimately benefit the most from event‐free survivorship and may expect a better prognosis once they survive the critical few years after surgery. The recorded observations have crucial implications regarding patient counseling and follow‐up.
State Stigmatisation in Urban Turkey: Managing the “Insurgent” Squatter Dwellers in Dikmen Valley
Authors: Yardımcı Öznur 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis paper contributes to the accounts of territorial stigmatisation by examining the state role in it in the case of Turkey, a country that suffers from growing state power. The existing debates are mainly restricted to its function as an economic strategy paving the way for capital accumulation through devaluing working‐class people and places. Drawing on textual analysis of political speeches, local newsletters and mainstream national newspapers and fieldwork material that include interviews and observations in Dikmen Valley where some squatter communities mobilised against the state‐imposed urban transformation project, I demonstrate that state conceptualisation of “problem people” targets the “insurgent” rather than the “unprofitable” groups. Stigma in urban settings functions in inciting the desire to meet the patterns deemed appropriate by the state, rather than the market. Moving from that, I argue that stigma is used as a state‐led political strategy, which is integral to the growing authoritarianism in Turkey.
Optimization of in vitro embryo production and zygote vitrification for the indigenous Vietnamese Ban pig: The effects of different in vitro oocyte maturation systems
Authors: Nguyen Nhung Thi , Bui Nguyen Xuan , Nguyen Viet Linh , Nguyen Van Khanh , Kikuchi Kazuhiro , Nguyen Hiep Thi , Nguyen Hong Thi , Nguyen Hoang Thinh , Dong Quyen Van , Chu Hoang Ha , Cuc Ngo Thi Kim , Somfai Tamas 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe Vietnamese Ban pig is a precious genetic resource that needs to be preserved. In vitro embryo production from in vitro matured (IVM) oocytes is an important tool for the utilization of cryopreserved porcine sperm. The aim of this study was to compare two media for the IVM of Ban pig oocytes. Immature oocytes were subjected to IVM either in a non‐defined (TCM‐199 + pig follicular fluid) or in a defined base medium (POM + epidermal growth factor). At the end of IVM, the oocytes were in vitro fertilized (IVF) with frozen Ban sperm. Ten hours after IVF, the oocytes were either subjected to orcein staining to check fertilization and maturation status or cultured in vitro for 7 days. There was no difference between the two IVM media in terms of percentages of oocyte maturation and blastocyst production. However, the percentage of male pronuclear formation after IVF and the total cell numbers in blastocysts were higher with the defined system. Zygotes obtained by the two IVM systems survived vitrification at similar rates. In conclusion, the two IVM systems were both effective for the production of Ban pig embryos; however, better embryo quality was achieved with the defined one.
Under the Surface of Individual and Differentiated Pay in Sweden: A Zero‐Sum Game of Performance‐Based Pay?
Authors: Ulfsdotter Eriksson Ylva , Larsson Bengt , Adolfsson Petra 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWage formation in Sweden has been decentralized, and the introduction of individual performance‐based pay has increased employer discretion. This article explores practices of local‐level wage determination and argues that existing analyses still have too much focus on the formal (regulatory) institutions to explain what that is going on under the surface. Drawing on interviews with HR, managers, employees and union representatives from both public and private sector organizations, the study concludes that individual and differentiated wage‐setting is delimited locally by small budgets and the actors’ cultural–cognitive and normative expectations. Even though there have been radical changes in collective agreements and policies, we find strong elements of path dependency in local wage determination practices.
Impact of DPYD, DPYS, and UPB1 gene variations on severe drug‐related toxicity in patients with cancer
Authors: Yokoi Katsuyuki , Nakajima Yoko , Matsuoka Hiroshi , Shinkai Yasuko , Ishihara Takuma , Maeda Yasuhiro , Kato Takema , Katsuno Hidetoshi , Masumori Koji , Kawada Kenji , Yoshikawa Tetsushi , Ito Tetsuya , Kurahashi Hiroki 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCancer treatment with a fluoropyrimidine (FP) is often accompanied by severe toxicity that may be dependent on the activity of catalytic enzymes encoded by the DPYD, DPYS, and UPB1 genes. Genotype‐guided dose individualization of FP therapy has been proposed in western countries, but our knowledge of the relevant genetic variants in East Asian populations is presently limited. To investigate the association between these genetic variations and FP‐related high toxicity in a Japanese population, we obtained blood samples from 301 patients who received this chemotherapy and sequenced the coding exons and flanking intron regions of their DPYD, DPYS, and UPB1 genes. In total, 24 single nucleotide variants (15 in DPYD, 7 in DPYS and 2 in UPB1) were identified including 3 novel variants in DPYD and 1 novel variant in DPYS. We did not find a significant association between FP‐related high toxicity and each of these individual variants, although a certain trend toward significance was observed for p.Arg181Trp and p.Gln334Arg in DPYS (P = .0813 and .087). When we focused on 7 DPYD rare variants (p.Ser199Asn, p.IIe245Phe, p.Thr305Lys, p.Glu386Ter, p.Ser556Arg, p.Ala571Asp, p.Trp621Cys) which have an allele frequency of less than 0.01% in the Japanese population and are predicted to be loss‐of‐function mutations by in silico analysis, the group of patients who were heterozygous carriers of at least one these rare variants showed a strong association with FP‐related high toxicity (P = .003). Although the availability of screening of these rare loss‐of‐function variants is still unknown, our data provide useful information that may help to alleviate FP‐related toxicity in Japanese patients with cancer.
Pituitary stalk interruption syndrome broadens the clinical spectrum of the TTC26 ciliopathy
Authors: David Odeya , Eskin‐Schwartz Marina , Ling Galina , Dolgin Vadim , Kristal Eyal , Benkowitz Ela , Osyntsov Lidia , Gradstein Libe , Birk Ohad S. , Loewenthal Neta , Yerushalmi Baruch 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCiliopathies are a heterogeneous group of disorders, related to abnormal ciliary function. Severe biliary ciliopathy, caused by bi‐allelic mutations in TTC26, has been recently described in the context of a syndrome of polydactyly and severe neonatal cholestasis, with brain, kidney and heart involvement. Pituitary involvement has not been previously reported for patients with this condition. Pituitary stalk interruption syndrome (PSIS) is a congenital anomaly of the pituitary gland, diagnosed by characteristic MRI findings. We now describe four patients with TTC26 ciliopathy due to a homozygous c.695A>G p.Asn232Ser mutation and delineate PSIS as a novel clinical feature of this disorder, highlighting an important role of TTC26 in pituitary development.