bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A 120-kV electron welding gun with plasma cathode: vacuum and non-vacuum application
Authors: Rempe N G 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article studies the generation of small-diameter focused electron beams using electron-optical system of a welding gun with plasma cathode. The results show that the beams always form in the electron-optical system with plasma cathode when the gas in the region of beam emission, acceleration and transportation is present. The presence of the gas causes positive volumetric charge formation during the passage of electrons. This charge electrically neutralizes the beam, and in some cases can lead to overcompensation of its electron charge. The compensation of the volumetric charge in the region of beam formation and acceleration is the principal discrepancy of an electron-optical system with plasma cathode from a thermal cathode system. It is demonstrated that the brightness of the electron beam from a plasma cathode gun meets that of the beams from a thermal cathode gun. The paper describes the electron gun featuring voltage up to 120 kV and presents images of polished samples of weld penetration in stainless steel and titanium in vacuum. The gun served as the basis of a device for ejecting electron beam into the atmosphere. It is shown that the pressure rise up to the atmospheric one is provided through two gas-dynamic stages. The main characteristics of the atmospheric gun are given.
Effect of ultrasonic impact treatment on redistribution of residual stresses in dissimilar thickness girth welds
Authors: Sidorov M M , Golikov N I 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Effect of repeated ultrasonic impact treatment on redistribution of residual stresses in a dissimilar thickness girth butt weld of pipes with a diameter of 530 mm of low alloyed (0.9%C-2%Mn-1%Si) steel was studied. Residual stresses were measured by the X-ray method based on measurement of microdeformation of a crystal lattice of a material under its influence. The research results showed that tensile residual stresses in the girth weld were formed at the inner side of the pipe after welding. Ultrasonic impact treatment of the weld at the inner side caused complete transformation of residual stresses from tensile to compressive ones when speed was in the range from 0.06 to 0.12 m/min. However, reduce in speed of treatment down to 0.04 m/min gave a negative effect. The values of compressive residual stresses in heat affected zone on the side of the thinner pipe were decreased.
On the estimation of the reliability probabilistic model of railway wheelset
Authors: Spiroiu M A , Nicolescu M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In the present paper is made a comparison between various estimation methods for the reliability probabilistic model of the railway wheelset. The analysis is based on real field data, observed in actual operations of freight wagons. The Weibull distribution is used to model the reliability and the applied estimation methods are the Maximum Likelihood Method and the Regression Method.
Strategic outlook in industrial design assessment based on product category
Authors: Craciun A E 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Assessing industrial design is an intricate process of product analysis which aims to establish the quality degree of a product and considers all its implications from technical restrictions to appearance. Industrial design is related to mass produced articles obtained through industrial processes and whether products are articles of adornment or machines, both technical and aesthetic dimensions are relevant and influence the design process. All types of industrial products can be assessed using a numerical method based on the same criteria, however the same principles have a different impact on various types of products. The author proposes a customized approach in order to achieve an objective assessment for different concepts of design.
Aspects on the study of nonlinear vibration phenomenon in friction welding with rotating active element
Authors: Dragomirescu C , Iliescu V 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The friction welding with rotating active element is a complex process including heating of the materials using friction and plastic deformation generated by a tool that has both rotation and translation motions. The paper is analysing the nonlinear vibrations that occurs during the friction welding with rotating active element process, mainly due to the motion of the rotating element. Using the dynamic systems theory, the nonlinear equation of the motion is deduced and the motion characteristics are presented using specific qualitative methods. The results are contributing to a more accurate understanding of the phenomena, in this case the nonlinear vibrations, generated in the friction welding with rotating active element process, and to better performances of welding process.
Orbit-Attitude Coupled Tracking and Landing Control for an Asteroid
Authors: Zhu Lingchao , Wang Shuquan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Recent research on asteroid exploration has shown tremendous potential to provide humankind detailed views of unexplored worlds in the inner solar system. A potential market of asteroid mining has aroused interest from commercial companies gradually. Asteroid exploration has the potential to offer the possibility to revolutionize the supply of many resources which are vital but exorbitant for human. A typical asteroid exploration mission is composed of remote asteroid detecting, approaching, hovering, landing and sampling, take-off and return, re-entry stage. Among these stages the tracking and landing control of the asteroid is crucial for the exploration. Rendezvous, approaching, fly-around and landing problem of an asteroid is investigated in this paper. The expected motion of the tracking spacecraft determined by the asteroid’ orbital and attitude status is presented firstly. According to the design of the OSIRIS-REx project, several constant thrusters are used for spacecraft to track the asteroid. Different control strategies like pulse control, saturated nonlinear control, limit cycle control and PWM based low-thrust control are developed to fulfil the asteroid’s tracking mission of different stages. Numerical simulations demonstrate the effectiveness of the tracking control.
Reliability Design for Data Storage in an Integrated Test System
Authors: Bing Zhang , Xiao Sun , Jianwei Shi , Rongjun Deng 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
To solve the failing errors of prompting message and storing files which are occurred in a physical-files-receiving configuration software item installed on an Integrated Test System, some specific measures have been taken. The receiving-file software item is upgraded and tested. The upgraded item is validated by many different examples, and the results show that the reliability of the item is significantly improved.
Derated Thrust: Method Analysis for Optimizing Turbofan Engine Takeoff Performances (SFC, EGT) Due to Lower Maximum Takeoff Weight (MTOW) Requirement
Authors: Irsyadi R F , Nirbito W 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Reduced thrust or derate has been practiced commonly nowadays as a standard procedure of takeoff. Since power is being used at maximum during takeoff phase, the practice has many benefits for the operation of aircraft. Not only it reduced fuel consumption during the takeoff phase, but also reduced engine’s wear and tear that caused by stress and a very high temperature. Exhaust Gas Temperature (EGT) is one of the most important parameters that used to monitor the engine deterioration. There is a definite correlation between reducing takeoff thrust and EGT reduction, where both values are contradicting one another. However, there must be some calculation by the flight crew on how much percentage of derate is eligible prior to takeoff. The goal of this paper is to find the effectiveness of derate to reduce EGT in order to improve performance, prolong engine life and reduce operating costs of the operators.
Study on the Influence of Swept Angle on the Aerodynamic Characteristics of the Cross-Section Airfoil of a Variable Swept-Wing Aircraft
Authors: Xinbing Su , Wen Jiang , Xiwei Zhao 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The variable forward swept-wing aircraft is a typical variant aircraft. The airfoil is a variable airfoil during the wing swept, and its aerodynamic characteristics have a huge impact on the flight performance of the variable swept-wing aircraft. It is also an aircraft. One of the difficult problems to be solved first in aerodynamic layout design. In order to explore the unsteady aerodynamic characteristics of the variable airfoil, a variable airfoil model with different relative thicknesses is established. Then the S-A turbulence model is used and the CFD simulation is used to calculate the variable airfoil unsteady. The variation of the angle of attack and the Mach number when the aerodynamic parameters change in the forward sweep angle. The results show that the airfoil lift coefficient and moment coefficient are negatively correlated with the relative thickness, while the drag coefficient is positively correlated with the relative thickness. These aerodynamic characteristics can provide a useful reference for the aerodynamic layout design and dynamic analysis of the variant aircraft.
Improving hospital pharmacy inventory management using data segmentation
Authors: Bialas Christos , Revanoglou Andreas , Manthou Vicky 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Purpose
This case study describes the development and empirical validation of an easy-to-implement practical framework for improving hospital pharmacy inventory management.

Summary
Research suggests various inventory optimization models, which can lead to cost reductions while maintaining adequate service levels; however, they are facing limited adoption in healthcare settings. The main barriers appear to be the high effort and complexity of implementation, the dependence on data that are not available or might not be in the right form, and the one-size-fits-all approach often followed without addressing healthcare sector–specific particularities. A research framework was developed by adapting relevant inventory models to the healthcare context using the concept of data segmentation on the basis of a three-dimensional classification of hospital pharmacy inventory items based on their relative importance, clinical criticality, and consumption pattern. Suitable replenishment policies were assigned to high-impact classes, and an integrated performance-measurement component assesses the framework’s effectiveness. The suggested approach was implemented and empirically tested at the pharmacy of a large public hospital using longitudinal data. The results demonstrate substantial improvements with respect to all of the selected key performance indicators and translate into inventory cost savings due to reduced stockholding costs and better synchronization of inventories to demand.

Conclusion
Use of standard software functionalities combined with targeted data segmentation efforts significantly improves hospital pharmacy inventory cost performance.
Meta-Analysis of the Prevalence of HBV Infection Among Alcohol Users Worldwide
Authors: Magri Mariana Cavalheiro , Nunes Arielle Karen da Silva , Dantas Bianca Peixoto , Manchiero Caroline , Prata Thamiris Vaz Gago , Alves Grayce Mendes , Tengan Fátima Mitiko 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAimsTo investigate the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection among alcohol users.MethodsA systematic search of articles in the PubMed, Web of Science and EMBASE databases was conducted. The methodological quality of each study was scored, and a meta-analysis was performed taking into account the heterogeneity expected among the studies. Publication bias was assessed using Begg’s and Egger’s tests.ResultsThe search identified 998 reports that yielded 18 eligible studies. The studies comprised 12,204 alcohol users, who were mostly men. The mean score on the quality evaluation was 6.9, and 11 studies were classified as having a low risk of bias. The estimated worldwide prevalence of HBV was 20.0% (95%CI: 19.0–20.0). The heterogeneity among the studies was substantial (I2 = 96.7%). In subgroup analyses, it was observed that among alcohol user dependents with no description of liver damage, alcohol users with different stages of chronic liver disease and alcohol users who all had cirrhosis, the estimated prevalence was 10.0% (95%CI: 8.0–14.0), 14.0% (95%CI: 13.0–15.0) and 32.0% (95%CI: 29.0–35.0), respectively. The meta-regression analysis showed that the study quality score had an influence on the investigated prevalence (P = 0.005). Nevertheless, the funnel plot showed asymmetry, and there was evidence of publication bias according to Egger’s test (P = 0.003) but not Begg’s test (P = 0.869).ConclusionsThe prevalence of HBV among alcohol users was high. HBV infection and alcohol consumption are factors affecting the development and worsening of liver disease; therefore, we suggest that adult alcohol users should be carefully monitored.
Amyloid and tau imaging biomarkers explain cognitive decline from late middle-age
Authors: Betthauser Tobey J , Koscik Rebecca L , Jonaitis Erin M , Allison Samantha L , Cody Karly A , Erickson Claire M , Rowley Howard A , Stone Charles K , Mueller Kimberly D , Clark Lindsay R , Carlsson Cynthia M , Chin Nathaniel A , Asthana Sanjay , Christian Bradley T , Johnson Sterling C 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis study investigated differences in retrospective cognitive trajectories between amyloid and tau PET biomarker stratified groups in initially cognitively unimpaired participants sampled from the Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer’s Prevention. One hundred and sixty-seven initially unimpaired individuals (baseline age 59 ± 6 years; 115 females) were stratified by elevated amyloid-β and tau status based on 11C-Pittsburgh compound B (PiB) and 18F-MK-6240 PET imaging. Mixed effects models were used to determine if longitudinal cognitive trajectories based on a composite of cognitive tests including memory and executive function differed between biomarker groups. Secondary analyses investigated group differences for a variety of cross-sectional health and cognitive tests, and associations between 18F-MK-6240, 11C-PiB, and age. A significant group × age interaction was observed with post hoc comparisons indicating that the group with both elevated amyloid and tau pathophysiology were declining approximately three times faster in retrospective cognition compared to those with just one or no elevated biomarkers. This result was robust against various thresholds and medial temporal lobe regions defining elevated tau. Participants were relatively healthy and mostly did not differ between biomarker groups in health factors at the beginning or end of study, or most cognitive measures at study entry. Analyses investigating association between age, MK-6240 and PiB indicated weak associations between age and 18F-MK-6240 in tangle-associated regions, which were negligible after adjusting for 11C-PiB. Strong associations, particularly in entorhinal cortex, hippocampus and amygdala, were observed between 18F-MK-6240 and global 11C-PiB in regions associated with Braak neurofibrillary tangle stages I–VI. These results suggest that the combination of pathological amyloid and tau is detrimental to cognitive decline in preclinical Alzheimer’s disease during late middle-age. Within the Alzheimer’s disease continuum, middle-age health factors likely do not greatly influence preclinical cognitive decline. Future studies in a larger preclinical sample are needed to determine if and to what extent individual contributions of amyloid and tau affect cognitive decline. 18F-MK-6240 shows promise as a sensitive biomarker for detecting neurofibrillary tangles in preclinical Alzheimer’s disease.
Recruitment of miR-8080 by luteolin inhibits androgen receptor splice variant 7 expression in castration-resistant prostate cancer
Authors: Naiki-Ito Aya , Naiki Taku , Kato Hiroyuki , Iida Keitaro , Etani Toshiki , Nagayasu Yuko , Suzuki Shugo , Yamashita Yoriko , Inaguma Shingo , Onishi Masaya , Tanaka Yasuhito , Yasui Takahiro , Takahashi Satoru 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
A need exists for seeking effective treatments for castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) in response to its emergence following androgen deprivation therapy as a major clinical problem. In the present study, we investigated the chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic potential of luteolin, a flavonoid with antioxidative properties, on prostate cancer, including CRPC. Luteolin inhibited the progression of rat prostate carcinogenesis by induction of apoptosis in a transgenic rat for adenocarcinoma of prostate (TRAP) model. Luteolin decreased cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner and induced apoptosis with the activation of caspases 3 and 7 in both rat (PCai1, established from a TRAP prostate tumor) and human (22Rv1) CRPC cells. Dietary luteolin also suppressed tumor growth via an increase in apoptosis and inhibition of angiogenesis in PCai1 and 22Rv1 xenografts implanted in castrated nude mice. We also focused on androgen receptor splice variant 7 (AR-V7), which contributes to cell proliferation and therapeutic resistance in CRPC. Luteolin dramatically suppressed AR-V7 protein expression in 22Rv1 cells in vitro and ex vivo. Microarray analysis identified MiR-8080, which contains a possible target sequence for AR-V7 3′-UTR, as a gene upregulated by luteolin. MiR-8080 transfection decreased the AR-V7 expression level and the induction of apoptosis in 22Rv1 cells. Furthermore, miR-8080 knockdown canceled luteolin decreasing AR-V7 and the cell growth of 22Rv1. MiR-8080 induced by luteolin intake enhanced the therapeutic effect of enzalutamide on 22Rv1 xenografts under castration conditions. These results indicate luteolin inhibits CRPC by AR-V7 suppression through miR-8080, highlighting luteolin and miR-8080 as promising therapeutic agents for this disease.
Frontal Beta Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation Improves Reversal Learning
Authors: Wischnewski Miles , Joergensen Mie L , Compen Boukje , Schutter Dennis J L G 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Electroencephalogram (EEG) studies suggest an association between beta (13–30 Hz) power and reversal learning performance. In search for direct evidence concerning the involvement of beta oscillations in reversal learning, transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) was applied in a double-blind, sham-controlled and between-subjects design. Exogenous oscillatory currents were administered bilaterally to the frontal cortex at 20 Hz with an intensity of 1 mA peak-to-peak and the effects on reward-punishment based reversal learning were evaluated in hundred-and-eight healthy volunteers. Pre- and post-tACS resting state EEG recordings were analyzed. Results showed that beta-tACS improved rule implementation during reversal learning and decreases left and right resting-state frontal theta/beta EEG ratios following tACS. Our findings provide the first behavioral and electrophysiological evidence for exogenous 20 Hz oscillatory electric field potentials administered over to the frontal cortex to improve reversal learning.
Parametric Characterization of a Taste Phenotype in Rats Selectively Bred for High Versus Low Saccharin Intake
Authors: Dess Nancy K , Chapman Clinton D 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Taste signals food quality and reflects energy status and associated processes. Occidental high- and low-saccharin consuming rats (HiS, LoS) have been selectively bred for nearly 60 generations on intake of 0.1% saccharin in a 23-h two-bottle test, as a tool for studying individual differences in taste and its correlates in the domains of feeding, defensive, and social behavior. The saccharin phenotype itself has not been well characterized until now. The present series of parametric studies examined suprathreshold saccharin concentration-intake functions (Experiment 1), saccharin preference threshold (Experiments 2A and 2B), and intra- and inter-sweetener carryforward effects (Experiments 2B, 3A–3D). Results indicate high stability in line differences in behavior toward saccharin and also line-specific mutability of intake of saccharin and certain other sweeteners. Methodological and conceptual implications are discussed.
Invasive Mold Infections After Chimeric Antigen Receptor–Modified T-Cell Therapy: A Case Series, Review of the Literature, and Implications for Prophylaxis
Authors: Haidar Ghady , Dorritie Kathleen , Farah Rafic , Bogdanovich Tatiana , Nguyen M Hong , Samanta Palash 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Data on invasive mold infections (IMIs) after chimeric antigen receptor-modified T-cell (CAR-T-cell) therapy are limited. We describe 2 patients with post–CAR-T-cell IMI (Fusarium, Mucorales) and review the published literature. We propose strategies to prevent IMIs in patients, based on the IMI rate and presence of neutropenia or steroid use.
O76 MICROANATOMY BASED STANDARDIZATION OF LEFT UPPER MEDIASTINAL LYMPH NODE DISSECTION IN THORACOSCOPIC ESOPHAGECTOMY IN THE PRONE POSITION
Authors: Shirakawa Yasuhiro , Maeda Naoaki , Tanabe Shunsuke , Noma Kazuhiro , Fujiwara Toshiyoshi 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Aim
The purpose of this study is to establish and evaluate our new standardized procedure in left UMLND

Background & Methods
Although thoracoscopic esophagectomy in the prone position (TEPP) has become a standard surgery for esophageal cancer, upper mediastinal lymph node dissection (UMLND) in left side has been still an issue in TEPP. We have recently developed the standardization of left UMLND in TEPP based on the microanatomy of membranes and layers. Patients were divided into 1 of 2 groups: a pre-standardization group (n = 100) and a post-standardization group (n = 100). Eventually, 83 paired cases were matched using propensity score matching. We perform left UMLND while paying attention to the visceral sheath, vascular sheath and the fusion layer between them using magnified view.

Results
The thoracoscopic operative time was significantly shorter (P < 0.001) in the post-standardization group [n = 83; 209.0 (176.0 - 235.0) min] than in the pre-standardization group [n = 83; 235.5 (202.8 - 264.5) min]. No significant differences were found in the number of mediastinal lymph nodes dissected or intraoperative blood loss between the 2 groups. There was a tendency for the total postoperative morbidity to decrease in the post-standardization group. Furthermore, recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) palsy rate has significantly decreased in the post-standardization group (18.1% to 8.7%, P = 0.015).

Conclusion
The microanatomy-based standardization contributes the safe and efficient left UMLND.