bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Concentric vs. eccentric remodelling in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: clinical characteristics, pathophysiology and response to treatment
Authors: Nauta Jan F. , Hummel Yoran M. , Tromp Jasper , Ouwerkerk Wouter , van der Meer Peter , Jin Xuanyi , Lam Carolyn S.P. , Bax Jeroen J. , Metra Marco , Samani Nilesh J. , Ponikowski Piotr , Dickstein Kenneth , Anker Stefan D. , Lang Chim C. , Ng Leong L. , Zannad Faiez , Filippatos Gerasimos S. , van Veldhuisen Dirk J. , van Melle Joost P. , Voors Adriaan A. 
Published: November 2019

AimsHeart failure is traditionally classified by left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), rather than by left ventricular (LV) geometry, with guideline‐recommended therapies in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) but not heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Most patients with HFrEF have eccentric LV hypertrophy, but some have concentric LV hypertrophy. We aimed to compare clinical characteristics, biomarker patterns, and response to treatment of patients with HFrEF and eccentric vs. concentric LV hypertrophy.Methods and resultsWe performed a retrospective post‐hoc analysis including 1015 patients with HFrEF (LVEF <40%) from the multinational observational BIOSTAT‐CHF study. LV geometry was classified using two‐dimensional echocardiography. Network analysis of 92 biomarkers was used to investigate pathophysiologic pathways. Concentric LV hypertrophy was present in 142 (14%) patients, who were on average older and more likely hypertensive compared to those with eccentric LV hypertrophy. Network analysis revealed that N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide was an important hub in eccentric hypertrophy, whereas in concentric hypertrophy, tumour necrosis factor receptor 1, urokinase plasminogen activator surface receptor, paraoxonase and P‐selectin were central hubs. Up‐titration of beta‐blockers was associated with a mortality benefit in HFrEF with eccentric but not concentric LV hypertrophy (P‐value for interaction ≤0.001). For angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers, the hazard ratio for mortality was higher in concentric hypertrophy, but the interaction was not significant.ConclusionPatients with HFrEF with concentric hypertrophy have a clinical and biomarker phenotype that is distinctly different from those with eccentric hypertrophy. Patients with concentric hypertrophy may not experience similar benefit from up.‐titration of angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers and beta‐blockers compared to patients with eccentric hypertrophy.
Sex is power belief and women’s mental health: The mediating roles of self‐objectification and sexual subjectivity
Authors: De Wilde Matthias , Casini Annalisa , Wollast Robin , Demoulin Stéphanie 
Published: November 2019

AbstractSex is power belief (SIPB) positively relates to self‐objectification. This research aims at expanding this finding. We propose that SIPB involves an instrumental view of one’s own body (i.e., self‐objectification) that leads women to experience the negative consequences classically associated with self‐objectification. We further suggest that SIPB positively relates to sexual subjectivity—multidimensional sexual self‐perceptions and positive sexual experiences—and that such relation counterbalances some of the negative effects of SIPB. We examine the effect of SIPB on women’s negative eating attitudes and sexual satisfaction, and test the mediating roles of self‐objectification and sexual subjectivity in three studies (N1 = 121, N2 = 296, N3 = 320). Results supported our predictions that beliefs in one’s sexual power lead both to negative (via self‐objectification) and positive (via sexual subjectivity) consequences for women’s mental health. The discussion focuses on the potential consequences of SIPB at both individual and collective levels.
Versatile anisotropic mesh adaptation methodology applied to pure quantity of interest error estimator. Steady, laminar incompressible flow
Authors: Carrier Alexandre , Deteix Jean , Fortin André 
Published: November 2019

SummaryWe introduce a new flexible mesh adaptation approach to efficiently compute a quantity of interest by the finite element method. Efficiently, we mean that the method provides an evaluation of that quantity up to a predetermined accuracy at a lower computational cost than other classical methods. The central pillar of the method is our scalar error estimator based on sensitivities of the quantity of interest to the residuals. These sensitivities result from the computation of a continuous adjoint problem. The mesh adaptation strategy can drive anisotropic mesh adaptation from a general scalar error contribution of each element. The full potential of our error estimator is then reached. The proposed method is validated by evaluating the lift, the drag, and the hydraulic losses on a 2D benchmark case: the flow around a cylinder at a Reynolds number of 20.
Astaxanthin inhibits aldose reductase activity in Psammomys obesus, a model of type 2 diabetes and diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Benlarbi‐Ben Khedher Maha , Hajri Khouloud , Dellaa Ahmed , Baccouche Basma , Hammoum Imane , Boudhrioua‐Mihoubi Nourhene , Dhifi Wissal , Ben Chaouacha‐Chekir Rafika 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAstaxanthin (ATX) is a marine carotenoid known for its powerful antioxidant and neuroprotective properties. In this study, we investigated the in vitro and in vivo potential inhibitory effect of ATX on the aldose reductase (AR) activity, a key enzyme in the polyol pathway responsible for the pathogenesis of diabetic complications including diabetic retinopathy (DR). The gerbil Psammomys obesus (P. ob.), an animal model for type 2 diabetes and DR has been used. The erythrocyte and retinal AR activity of P. ob. individuals were, respectively, assessed monthly and at the 7th month during a 7‐month hypercaloric diet (HD) using a NADPH oxidation method. Meanwhile, the body weight and blood glucose of the gerbils were monitored. After 7 months, P. ob. individuals were fed with ATX (4.8 mg/kg of body weight) once a day for 1 week. The results showed that the HD‐fed animals developed significant obesity and hyperglycemia in comparison with controls. Erythrocyte AR activity showed a progressive and significant increase in the HD‐fed group compared with controls. Retinal AR activity was higher in the 7‐month HD‐fed group compared with controls. Erythrocyte AR activity was markedly decreased after ATX‐treatment in vitro and in vivo. These findings suggested that ATX inhibited the erythrocyte AR activity and could be used for DR prevention and/or early treatment.
Effect of storage, washing, and cooking on the stability of five pesticides in edible fungi of Agaricus bisporus: A degradation kinetic study
Authors: Heshmati Ali , Hamidi Mina , Nili‐Ahmadabadi Amir 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPesticide residue in food products is one of the most important global health challenges. The current study sought to investigate the changes in pesticides residue levels in Agaricus bisporus under different storage conditions and during washing and cooking. Pesticides analysis was performed using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC‐MS). The results showed that the half‐life (t1/2) of all of the studied pesticides stored at room temperature was lower than refrigerator and freezer temperature. In addition, the greatest reduction of diazinon, malathion, permethrin, propargite, and fenpropathrin was found at a pH of 12, 2, 12, 7, and 9, respectively. Although sodium chloride had no effective impact on pesticide reduction during the same washing times, the removal of pesticides increased as washing time increased. Further, the reduction of pesticides was time‐dependent during the boiling, microwaving, and frying processes. Based on these findings, the stability of insecticides, such as permethrin, malathion, and diazinon, was lower than acaricides, including propargite and fenpropathrin, in various techniques. Therefore, the use of washing solutions with an appropriate pH as well as increased cooking time may reduce the risk of pesticide exposure.
Impact of an intervention to support hearing and vision in dementia: The SENSE‐Cog Field Trial
Authors: Leroi Iracema , Simkin Zoe , Hooper Emma , Wolski Lucas , Abrams Harvey , Armitage Christopher J. , Camacho Elizabeth , Charalambous Anna Pavlina , Collin Fideline , Constantinidou Fofi , Dawes Piers , Elliott Rachel , Falkingham Sue , Frison Eric , Hann Mark , Helmer Catherine , Himmelsbach Ines , Hussain Hannah , Marié Sarah , Montecelo Susana , Thodi Chryssoula , Yeung Wai Kent 
Published: November 2019

ObjectivesHearing, vision, and cognitive impairment commonly co‐occur in older adults. Improving sensory function may positively impact outcomes in people with dementia (PwD). We developed a “sensory intervention” (SI) to support hearing and vision in PwD. Here, we report the findings of an international open‐label field trial, and nested case series, to explore the impact of the SI on dementia‐related outcomes.MethodsThis was a home‐based trial conducted in France, England, and Cyprus. Participants were people with mild‐to‐moderate dementia and hearing and/or vision impairment (n = 19) and their study partners (unpaid carers; n = 19). The “basic” SI included a hearing and vision assessment and provision of glasses and/or hearing aids. A subsample received the “extended” SI with additional weekly visits from a sensory support therapist (SST). Exploratory analyses of dementia‐related, health utility and resource utilisation outcomes were performed.ResultsQuality of life (QoL) and sensory functional ability improved. Change in QoL exceeded the threshold for a minimum clinically important difference. There was a modest improvement (in absolute terms) post intervention in behavioural disturbance, self‐efficacy, and relationship satisfaction. Study partner time assisting instrumental activities of daily living (iADL) and supervision decreased by about 22 and 38 hours per month, respectively, although time for personal ADL support increased. Qualitative data supported effectiveness of the intervention: PwD were more socially engaged, less isolated, less dependent on study partners, and had improved functional ability and communication.ConclusionsThese findings support the need for a definitive randomised controlled trial (RCT) to evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention.
Large‐Scale Production of LGR5‐Positive Bipotential Human Liver Stem Cells
Authors: Schneeberger Kerstin , Sánchez‐Romero Natalia , Ye Shicheng , van Steenbeek Frank G. , Oosterhoff Loes A. , Pla Palacin Iris , Chen Chen , van Wolferen Monique E. , van Tienderen Gilles , Lieshout Ruby , Colemonts‐Vroninks Haaike , Schene Imre , Hoekstra Ruurdtje , Verstegen Monique M.A. , van der Laan Luc J.W. , Penning Louis C. , Fuchs Sabine A. , Clevers Hans , De Kock Joery , Baptista Pedro M. , Spee Bart 
Published: November 2019

Background and Aims
The gap between patients on transplant waiting lists and available donor organs is steadily increasing. Human organoids derived from leucine‐rich repeat‐containing G protein‐coupled receptor 5 (LGR5)–positive adult stem cells represent an exciting new cell source for liver regeneration; however, culturing large numbers of organoids with current protocols is tedious and the level of hepatic differentiation is limited.

Approach and Results
Here, we established a method for the expansion of large quantities of human liver organoids in spinner flasks. Due to improved oxygenation in the spinner flasks, organoids rapidly proliferated and reached an average 40‐fold cell expansion after 2 weeks, compared with 6‐fold expansion in static cultures. The organoids repopulated decellularized liver discs and formed liver‐like tissue. After differentiation in spinner flasks, mature hepatocyte markers were highly up‐regulated compared with static organoid cultures, and cytochrome p450 activity reached levels equivalent to hepatocytes.

Conclusions
We established a highly efficient method for culturing large numbers of LGR5‐positive stem cells in the form of organoids, which paves the way for the application of organoids for tissue engineering and liver transplantation.
Evaluation of lipoprotein‐associated phospholipase A2, serum amyloid A, and fibrinogen as diagnostic biomarkers for patients with acute cerebral infarction
Authors: Tao Liang , ShiChuan Wang , DeTai Zhang , Lihua Hu 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to explore the clinical values of combined detection of lipoprotein‐associated phospholipase A2 (Lp‐PLA2), serum amyloid A (SAA), and plasma fibrinogen (FIB) in the diagnosis of acute cerebral infarction (ACI).MethodsA case‐control study including 100 hospitalized patients with ACI and 47 healthy controls was carried out. The level of Lp‐PLA2, SAA, and FIB was detected, respectively, and their clinical values were analyzed. Carotid lesions and neurological impairment were also analyzed in each patient.ResultsThe level of Lp‐PLA2, SAA, and FIB in the ACI group was significantly higher than that of the controls, and the three biomarkers showed a significant positive correlation and were considered as risk factors for ACI. The area under the curve (AUC) for Lp‐PLA2, SAA, and FIB was 0.858, 0.743, and 0.672, respectively. When three biomarkers were used in combination, the AUC was 0.879. Compared with the other groups, the levels of three biomarkers in bilateral carotid plaque ACI group were all significantly higher. In addition, the level of Lp‐PLA2 and SAA in ACI patients with severe neurological impairment was also significantly higher than that of the mild‐to‐moderate group.ConclusionLp‐PLA2 combined with SAA and FIB had a high clinical value for rapid diagnosis and prediction of ACI. These biomarkers were also significantly associated with the formation of bilateral carotid atherosclerotic plaques and the severe neurological impairment in ACI patients.
On sharing one's truth in psychotherapy: Four poems
Authors: Rickey Cindy 
Published: November 2019

AbstractFour poems selected from the author's A Year in the Life of an Unemployed Poet, reflect various aspects of the therapeutic experience, in particular what is (and is not) revealed by the client as well as the therapist. Sometimes, it is only poetry that can best convey the deepest (and many times darkest) feelings that arise through the transference and countertransference elicited in therapy, especially a therapy that has lasted over a lifetime.
An efficient synthesis of novel heterocyclic systems incorporating coumarin moiety
Authors: El‐Gohary Nasser M. , El‐Kazak Azza M. , Ibrahim Magdy A. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPolyfunctional 3‐chloro‐3‐(4‐chlorocoumarin‐3‐yl)prop‐2‐enal (1) used as a precursor for heterocyclic synthesis. Dichloro‐aldehyde 1 was allowed to react with variable nucleophilic reagents, and a diversity of heterocyclic systems linked coumarin moiety at position 3 was synthesized. The reaction of compound 1 with guanidine and cyanoguanidine produced 3‐(pyrimidin‐4‐yl)‐4‐chlorocoumarins 2 and 3. Treating compound 1 with 3‐amino‐1,2,4‐triazole and 2‐aminobenzimidazole yielded triazolo[4,3‐a]pyrimidine 4 and pyrimido[1,2‐a]benzimidazole 5. The treatment of compound 1 with cyanoacetamide, N‐benzyl‐2‐cyanoacetamide, and 1H‐benzimidazolylacetonitrile gave 2(1H)‐pyridones 6, 7 and pyrido[1,2‐a]benzimidazole 8. The reaction of compound 1 with 5‐amino‐3‐methyl‐1H‐pyrazole and 6‐aminouracil afforded pyrazolo[3,4‐b]pyridine 9 and pyrido[2,3‐d]pyrimidine 10, respectively. Compound 1 reacted with ethylenediamine, o‐phenylenediamine, o‐aminophenol, and o‐aminothiophenol leading to 5‐(imidazolylmethyl)chromeno[4,3‐e] [1,4]diazepine (12), 3‐(benzodiazepin/benzoxazepin‐2‐yl)‐4‐chlorocoumarins 13, 14, and 6‐(benzothiazol‐2‐ylmethyl)chromeno[4,3‐b][1,5]benzothiazepine 16, respectively. Structures of the new synthesized products were deduced on the basis of their analytical and spectral data.
Quantitative amino acid analysis by liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry using low cost derivatization and an automated liquid handler
Authors: Phipps William S. , Crossley Eric , Boriack Richard , Jones Patricia M. , Patel Khushbu 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAmino acid analysis is central to newborn screening and the investigation of inborn errors of metabolism. Ion‐exchange chromatography with ninhydrin derivatization remains the reference method for quantitative amino acid analysis but offers slow chromatography and is susceptible to interference from other co‐eluting compounds. Liquid‐chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS) provides a rapid and highly specific alternative, but sample preparation is frequently laborious and sometimes cost prohibitive. To address these limitations, we validated an LC‐MS/MS method using the aTRAQ Reagents Application Kit with a modified protocol consuming only half reagents. Adequate performance for clinical specimen measurement of 26 amino acids with high clinical relevance was achieved. An automated liquid handler and modified calibration and normalization approaches were used to ensure reproducible assay performance. Linear measurement between 5 and 2000 μM was achieved for most analytes despite use of a small, 10 μl sample size. Overall the method achieved near substantially improved throughput and enabled use of smaller samples volumes for batched analyses of clinical samples.
Assessment of Cerebral Blood Flow Pulsatility and Cerebral Arterial Compliance With 4D Flow MRI
Authors: Holmgren Madelene , Wåhlin Anders , Dunås Tora , Malm Jan , Eklund Anders 
Published: November 2019

BackgroundFour‐dimensional flow magnetic resonance imaging (4D flow MRI) enables efficient investigation of cerebral blood flow pulsatility in the cerebral arteries. This is important for exploring hemodynamic mechanisms behind vascular diseases associated with arterial pulsations.PurposeTo investigate the feasibility of pulsatility assessments with 4D flow MRI, its agreement with reference two‐dimensional phase‐contrast MRI (2D PC‐MRI) measurements, and to demonstrate how 4D flow MRI can be used to assess cerebral arterial compliance and cerebrovascular resistance in major cerebral arteries.Study TypeProspective.SubjectsThirty‐five subjects (20 women, 79 ± 5 years, range 70–91 years).Field Strength/Sequence4D flow MRI (PC‐VIPR) and 2D PC‐MRI acquired with a 3T scanner.AssessmentTime‐resolved flow was assessed in nine cerebral arteries. From the pulsatile flow waveform in each artery, amplitude (ΔQ), volume load (ΔV), and pulsatility index (PI) were calculated. To reduce high‐frequency noise in the 4D flow MRI data, the flow waveforms were low‐pass filtered. From the total cerebral blood flow, total PI (PItot), total volume load (ΔVtot), cerebral arterial compliance (C), and cerebrovascular resistance (R) were calculated.Statistical TestsTwo‐tailed paired t‐test, intraclass correlation (ICC).ResultsThere was no difference in ΔQ between 4D flow MRI and the reference (0.00 ± 0.022 ml/s, mean ± SEM, P = 0.97, ICC = 0.95, n = 310) with a cutoff frequency of 1.9 Hz and 15 cut plane long arterial segments. For ΔV, the difference was –0.006 ± 0.003 ml (mean ± SEM, P = 0.07, ICC = 0.93, n = 310) without filtering. Total R was 11.4 ± 2.41 mmHg/(ml/s) (mean ± SD) and C was 0.021 ± 0.009 ml/mmHg (mean ± SD). ΔVtot was 1.21 ± 0.29 ml (mean ± SD) with an ICC of 0.82 compared with the reference. PItot was 1.08 ± 0.21 (mean ± SD).Data ConclusionWe successfully assessed 4D flow MRI cerebral arterial pulsatility, cerebral arterial compliance, and cerebrovascular resistance. Averaging of multiple cut planes and low‐pass filtering was necessary to assess accurate peak‐to‐peak features in the flow rate waveforms.Level of Evidence: 2Technical Efficacy Stage: 2J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;51:1516–1525.
MALDI imaging mass spectrometry of β‐ and γ‐crystallins in the ocular lens
Authors: Anderson David M. , Nye‐Wood Mitchell G. , Rose Kristie L. , Donaldson Paul J. , Grey Angus C. , Schey Kevin L. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractLens crystallin proteins make up 90% of expressed proteins in the ocular lens and are primarily responsible for maintaining lens transparency and establishing the gradient of refractive index necessary for proper focusing of images onto the retina. Age‐related modifications to lens crystallins have been linked to insolubilization and cataractogenesis in human lenses. Matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) has been shown to provide spatial maps of such age‐related modifications. Previous work demonstrated that, under standard protein IMS conditions, α‐crystallin signals dominated the mass spectrum and age‐related modifications to α‐crystallins could be mapped. In the current study, a new sample preparation method was optimized to allow imaging of β‐ and γ‐crystallins in ocular lens tissue. Acquired images showed that γ‐crystallins were localized predominately in the lens nucleus whereas β‐crystallins were primarily localized to the lens cortex. Age‐related modifications such as truncation, acetylation, and carbamylation were identified and spatially mapped. Protein identifications were determined by top‐down proteomics analysis of lens proteins extracted from tissue sections and analyzed by LC‐MS/MS with electron transfer dissociation. This new sample preparation method combined with the standard method allows the major lens crystallins to be mapped by MALDI IMS.
Differences in outcomes between oral anticoagulation “new starters” and “switchers” in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation: A pooled analysis of the AMADEUS and BOREALIS trials
Authors: Bai Ying , Shantsila Alena , Lip Gregory Y. H. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundTo explore differences in outcomes between dose‐adjusted vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) “new starters” and “switchers” in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (AF).MethodsA post hoc analysis was performed to assess the outcome differences between VKA “new starters” and “switchers” in AF patients using pooled individual patient data of AMADEUS and BOREALIS trials.ResultsA total of 4169 AF patients were included in the present analysis, which included 1383 “VKA new starters” and 2786 “VKA switchers”. VKA new starters had higher crude rates of all‐cause mortality (P = .035) and cardiovascular death (P = .047) compared to switchers. On multivariable Cox regression analysis, both “new starters” and “switchers” showed nonsignificant trends for different risks of stroke/systemic thromboembolism (SE) (hazard ratio (HR): 1.66, 95%CI: 0.95‐2.90, P = .08), major bleeding (HR: 1.25, 95% CI: 0.73‐2.16, P = .42), and all‐cause death (HR: 1.09, 95% CI: 0.75‐1.57, P = .65). On Kaplan‐Meier analysis, both groups had similar risks of stroke/systemic embolism (P = .09), major bleeding (P = .28), and all‐cause death (P = .06).ConclusionsIn this post hoc analysis of clinical trial patients with AF, “new starters” and “switchers” for VKA initiation had nonstatistically significant rates of trial‐adjudicated thromboembolism, major bleeding, and all‐cause mortality.