bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thymus and Activation-regulated Chemokine as a Biomarker for IgG4-related Disease
Authors: Umeda Masataka , Origuchi Tomoki , Kawashiri Shin-ya , Koga Tomohiro , Ichinose Kunihiro , Furukawa Kaori , Sato Tomohito , Tsuji Sousuke , Endo Yushiro , Takatani Ayuko , Shimizu Toshimasa , Fukui Shoichi , Iwamoto Naoki , Igawa Takashi , Tamai Mami , Nakamura Hideki , Kawakami Atsushi 
Published: April 2020

AbstractHigh serum concentrations of thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC) are observed in allergic diseases such as atopic dermatitis and bronchial asthma. Frequent allergic symptoms have been reported in patients with IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD). We investigated the pathogenic role of TARC as a biomarker in IgG4-RD patients. We evaluated the serum concentrations of TARC from 29 IgG4-RD patients, 28 primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS) patients, and 23 healthy controls (HCs) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We analyzed the correlations between the TARC concentrations and the subjects’ clinical parameters. To investigate the biological effect of TARC on the pathogenesis of IgG4-RD, we evaluated the in vitro induction of plasmablasts from IgG4-RD patients by TARC. The serum concentrations of TARC in the IgG4-RD patients were significantly higher than those of the pSS patients and HCs. The serum TARC concentration of the IgG4-RD group was positively correlated with the IgG4-RD responder index (IgG4-RD RI) score and with the number of organs involved, but it was not correlated with the serum IgG4 level or eosinophil number in the IgG4-RD patients’ peripheral blood. The patients who had lung involvement had higher serum TARC concentrations. In vitro, TARC clearly induced the formation of plasmablasts from the IgG4-RD patients’ peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Collectively, our data suggest that a systemic increment of TARC may contribute to the development of IgG4-RD through an aberrant induction of plasmablasts.
Liquid water intake of the lone star tick, Amblyomma americanum: Implications for tick survival and management
Authors: Maldonado-Ruiz L. Paulina , Park Yoonseong , Zurek Ludek 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIxodid ticks are ectoparasites that feed exclusively on blood as their source of nutrients. Although ticks spend most of their life off the host, until now it has been assumed that the blood and the water vapor are the only sources of water to maintain water balance and prevent desiccation. Here we report for the first time that adult lone star ticks, Amblyomma americanum, also actively drink nutrient-free water, which greatly increases their survival. The volume of ingested water is greater in females than males (0.55 ± 0.06 vs 0.44 ± 0.07 µl) and most likely due to differences in tick size. Water uptake occurs through mouthparts and it can be later observed in the salivary glands and the midgut. We also exploited this behavior by adding a variety of inorganic compounds and microorganisms to water. Addition of inorganic salts to drinking water such as KH2PO4 + NaCl+KNO3 resulted in 100% tick mortality within 3 days. As a proof of concept for using the water drinking as a delivery route of toxic reagents for ticks, we also show that adding Pseudomonas aeruginosa to drinking water quickly leads to tick death. This tick behavior can be exploited to target important physiological systems, which would make ticks vulnerable to dehydration and microbial dysbiosis.
Explicit Grammar Intervention in Young School-Aged Children With Developmental Language Disorder: An Efficacy Study Using Single-Case Experimental Design
Authors: Calder Samuel D. , Claessen Mary , Ebbels Susan , Leitão Suze 
Published: April 2020

Purpose
This study evaluated the efficacy of an explicit, combined metalinguistic training and grammar facilitation intervention aimed at improving regular past tense marking for nine children aged 5;10–6;8 (years;months) with developmental language disorder.

Method

This study used an ABA across-participant multiple-baseline single-case experimental design. Participants were seen one-on-one twice a week for 20- to 30-min sessions for 10 weeks and received explicit grammar intervention combining metalinguistic training using the SHAPE CODING system with grammar facilitation techniques (a systematic cueing hierarchy). In each session, 50 trials to produce the target form were completed, resulting in a total of 1,000 trials over 20 individual therapy sessions. Repeated measures of morphosyntax were collected using probes, including trained past tense verbs, untrained past tense verbs, third-person singular verbs as an extension probe, and possessive
's
as a control probe. Probing contexts included expressive morphosyntax and grammaticality judgment. Outcome measures also included pre–poststandard measures of expressive and receptive grammar.

Results
Analyses of repeated measures demonstrated significant improvement in past tense production on trained verbs (eight of nine children) and untrained verbs (seven of nine children), indicating efficacy of the treatment. These gains were maintained for 5 weeks. The majority of children made significant improvement on standardized measures of expressive grammar (eight of nine children). Only five of nine children improved on grammaticality judgment or receptive measures.

Conclusion
Results continue to support the efficacy of explicit grammar interventions to improve past tense marking in early school-aged children. Future research should aim to evaluate the efficacy of similar interventions with group comparison studies and determine whether explicit grammar interventions can improve other aspects of grammatical difficulty for early school-aged children with developmental language disorder.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.11958771
Abnormal Placentation and Umbilical Cord Insertion
Authors: Hoopmann Markus , Kagan Karl Oliver 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn the last decades, abnormal placentation and umbilical cord insertion have become an increasingly relevant and feared pathology in obstetrics with increased morbidity and mortality for mother and child. In addition to several increasingly common risk factors, such as assisted reproduction, the main reason for the increased occurrence is the greater frequency of Cesarean sections. Correct diagnosis, which is primarily determined sonographically, is essential for targeted perinatal management. In particular, the diagnostic criteria and current management recommendations are described in the following article.
Latente Tuberkuloseinfektion (LTBI) bei medizinischem Personal nach Auslandseinsätzen
Authors: Meier I. , Schablon A. , Nienhaus A. , Konigorski S. 
Published: April 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Hilfsorganisationen senden medizinisches Personal ins Ausland, um dort humanitäre Hilfe zu leisten. Die Einsatzgebiete sind häufig Hochinzidenzländer für Tuberkulose. Deshalb wurde die Prävalenz einer Infektion mit Mycobacterium tuberculosis bei Personal mit solchen Einsätzen untersucht.
Methoden In einer Querschnittsuntersuchung (n = 95) wurde die Prävalenz der latenten Tuberkuloseinfektion (LTBI) nach mindestens einem Auslandseinsatz bei medizinischem Personal aus Deutschland untersucht. Die Testung auf LTBI wurde mittels IGRA (Interferon-Gamma Release Assay) durchgeführt; relevante Risikofaktoren wurden mithilfe eines Fragebogens erfasst. Die statistische Auswertung erfolgte mit Kreuztabellen und multipler logistischer Regression.
Ergebnisse Die LTBI-Prävalenz in der Stichprobe betrug 12,63 %, 95 %-KI (7,70 %; 23,89 %) und stieg mit dem Alter (OR = 1,06, 95 %-KI [1,01; 1,12], p-Wert = 0,021, pro Lebensjahr) sowie der Länge der Auslandsaufenthalte (OR = 1,11, 95 %-KI [1,03; 1,21], p-Wert = 0,009, pro Monat).
Diskussion In unserer Studie war die LTBI-Prävalenz bei medizinischem Personal mit Auslandseinsätzen höher als in früheren Studien, in denen Beschäftigte nach Kontakt zu infektiösen Patienten oder Materialien untersucht wurden. Um im Ausland erworbene LTBI-Infektionen detektieren zu können, scheint eine Testung vor und nach einem Auslandseinsatz notwendig zu sein.
Clinical Characteristics and Factors Associated with Disease
Progression in Chinese Patients with Connective Tissue Disease and Pulmonary
Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Zhang Haichao , Liu xiaoyan Xiaoyan 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Objective To clarify the characteristics, survival, and predictors of
mortality in Chinese patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH)
associated with connective tissue disease (CTD).
Methods This single-cohort study involved 67 CTD-PAH patients who visited
Shanghai Renji Hospital between January 2011 and January 2019. Baseline clinical
features and hemodynamic parameters were recorded. Logistic regression was used
to determine the independent factors associated with mPAP improvement.
Results SLE was the major underlying CTD, affecting 70% of PAH
patients, whereas systemic sclerosis was less common (6%). Modern PAH
drug use was associated with a favorable outcome and mPAP improvement.
Conclusion The majority of the CTD-PAH population in China suffers from
SLE in contrast to the CTD-PAH patients in the USA and Europe. Pulmonary
vasodilation treatment has improved the mPAP in these patients.
eHealth Technologies Enable more Accessible Hearing Care
Authors: Swanepoel De Wet 
Published: April 2020

AbstractHearing loss is a pervasive global health care burden affecting up to one in every seven persons of whom 90% reside in low- and middle-income countries. Traditional service-delivery models are unable to support and promote accessible and affordable hearing care in these setting. Major barriers include a severe shortage of hearing health care professionals, costs associated with equipment, facilities and treatments, and centralized service-delivery models. Convergence of digital and connectivity revolutions are combining to enable new ways of delivering decentralized audiological services along the entire patient journey using integrated eHealth solutions. eHealth technologies are allowing nonprofessionals in communities (e.g., community health workers) to provide hearing services with point-of-care devices at reduced cost with remote surveillance and support by professionals. A growing body of recent evidence showcases community-based hearing care within an integrated eHealth framework that addresses some of the barriers of traditional service-delivery models at reduced cost. Future research, especially in low- and middle-income countries, must explore eHealth-supported hearing care services from detection through to treatment.
The hidden curriculum of work in English language education
Authors: Sayer Peter 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThere has been a rapid global expansion of English instruction in the early grades in public school curricula. Particularly in so-called developing countries, the increase of and its shift from exclusively private to public education is linked to the idea that acquiring English promotes personal, social, and economic development. The author takes one case of a recent early English program, the national program in Mexico, and argues that it is a representative case of a language education programme and policy organized around neoliberal principles. The policy’s stated goal is to address issues of access and equity for public school students; however, findings indicate that the actual processes of teaching and learning at the classroom level remain highly stratified across social class lines. An analysis of English lessons in schools at different points on the socioeconomic spectrum illustrates that instruction is preparing children with certain types of skills and dispositions congruent to their class position and revealing the hidden curriculum of work in early English education.
Cultural threads in three primary schools
Authors: Driscoll Patricia , Holliday Adrian 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This paper explores headteachers’ and teachers’ perceptions of foreign languages(FL) and cultural learning in
three primary schools in areas of disadvantage in England. Drawing upon a new theoretical frame for primary languages, Critical
Cosmopolitanism (Delanty, 2006; Beck and Sznaider,
2006) and The Grammar of Culture (Holliday, 2018), we argue that the grand
narrative of a target language inhabited by a target culture is outdated and approaches to cultural learning in primary schools
could lead the way. There is substantial evidence that most learners find language lessons fun, particularly activities such as
songs, stories and intercultural events (Driscoll et al., 2004, 2014; Cable et al. 2010). The discourse on conditions for
inclusive practice is less commonplace and little is known about FL learning in areas of high deprivation (Nikolov & Mihaljević Djigunović, 2011). Teachers and headteachers in this study were committed to
cultural learning and staff adopted creative approaches to teaching. The findings, however, also indicate that traditional notions
of a mono or homogenised national culture with associated stereotypes linger in teachers’ framing of FL. There exists a need for a
more personalised approach to cultural learning drawing upon children’s own cultural experiences. Data was analysed thematically
following strict ethical guidelines and all names were anonymised to ensure confidentiality.
Using young learners’ language environments for EFL learning
Authors: Roos Jana , Nicholas Howard 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
In this article we explore how primary school learners of English in Germany engage with examples of English that
they were asked to locate in their local environments (their linguistic landscapes, LLs). In association with each located image,
the learners completed a standardised worksheet in German that asked for brief written comments about its location, the reason why
they had selected the image and why they thought that English had been used. Their written reflections demonstrate that these
children are remarkably sophisticated in their analyses of linguistic, social and cultural aspects of what they found. They show
that with nuanced pedagogies primary school children can benefit greatly from leaving the classroom to find language examples in
the worlds around them.
Perspectives on bi- and multilingual children’s participation in kindergartensin Iceland
Authors: Ragnarsdóttir Hanna 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Cultural and linguistic diversity of kindergarten children in Iceland has been growing rapidly in recent years
(Reykjavíkurborg, Skóla- og frístundasvið, 2017; Statistics Iceland, 2017), creating challenges for kindergartens. The main aim of the paper is to explore
how principals, kindergarten teachers and parents in three kindergartens in Iceland experience diversity, inclusion and
participation in their kindergartens and what learning spaces and educational practices seem to be instrumental for their
children’s participation. The paper builds on data from the Nordic research project Learning Spaces for Inclusion and
Social Justice: Success Stories from Immigrant Students and School Communities in Four Nordic countries (2013–2015),
the aim of which was to draw lessons from success stories of individual immigrant students and whole school communities at
different levels that have succeeded in developing learning contexts that are equitable and socially just (Ragnarsdóttir, 2015; Ragnarsdóttir & Kulbrandstad, 2018).
Case studies were conducted in three kindergartens, including semi-structured interviews with kindergarten teachers, principals
and parents as well as observation (Flick, 2006; Kvale, 2007). The findings indicate that the kindergartens have developed various inclusive and empowering educational
practices to respond to the growing diversity. However, some challenges appear in the findings, including lack of sustainability
of good practices.
Comparative analysis of different hybrid energy system for sustainable power supply: A case study
Authors: Bista Aayush , Khadka Nasib , Shrestha Ashish , Bista Diwakar 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Hybrid Power System (HPS) is an energy system with combination of different regenerative energy sources like Solar, Wind, Geo-Thermal, Biomass and several others to achieve energy sustainability. This paper investigates the feasibility of grid connected and stand-alone hybrid energy system to meet electric load requirement of a community or organization, by utilizing the available resources. Potentiality of different energy sources like solar, wind, bio-gas, etc. along with currently used energy sources is studied thoroughly by taking a case study of Kathmandu University central campus, located at Dhulikhel, Nepal. Technical and economic analysis of on-grid and off-grid hybrid system is performed to get optimum model that supply continuous energy to the end user. Furthermore, the possibility of net metering with national utility has been analysed. The main objective of this study is to identify the suitable energy mixed model, that provide the sustainable energy supply to the university, and recommend the possible energy generators to be added for fulfilling the continuously increasing load demand. The load profile of several years of the University is taken into consideration for forecasting the power demand. The findings of the research show that system when adopted to hybrid system can meet up to 55% of the load by renewable resources. Maximum renewable fraction is found to be 0.603 and maximum renewable penetration of 812%.
Multi-objective optimization of water exchanges between a wastewater treatment facility and algal biofuel production plant
Authors: Caligan Carlo James A. , Garcia Maria Mikayla S. , Mitra Jericho L. , Mayol Andres Philip , San Juan Jayne Lois G. , Culaba Alvin B. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Wastewater treatment facilities are known to process water by removing nutrients before being discharged into different water bodies or reused. Traditional treatment of wastewater, however, leads to the emission of greenhouse gases contributing to climate change and air pollution. Thus, there is a need to identify the optimal configuration of treatment processes wastewater, coming from different sources, have to go through to satisfy the output quality requirements of various disposal or reuse options, while minimizing costs and negative impact to the environment In addition, microalgae cultivation is a treatment alternative for wastewater since it can remove metals, nutrients, and contaminants from wastewater, with the added benefit of carbon sequestration. The cultivated algae can then be converted to renewable energy. Despite the potential benefits that can be gained from integrating wastewater treatment facilities with microalgal biofuel production, no optimization study has considered this opportunity. Considering different wastewater inputs, the joint system would select the best treatment process for nutrient removal and cultivating algae, weighing the trade-offs in cultivating algae on different water mediums, the appropriate harvesting technique, and whether the water by-product should be sent back to the treatment facility for further processing, disposal, or reuse. The energy produced from the plant may either be sold or used to operate the two facilities. In this work, a novel multi-objective optimization model is developed to design economically and environmentally efficient integration of wastewater treatment facilities and microalgal biofuel production plants through water exchanges. A case study is solved to demonstrate the model’s decision on three different scenarios. In the objective of minimizing the costs, the model utilized the production of biofuels since it was subtracted from the expenses. As for minimizing carbon emissions, the model decided to operate the wastewater treatment plant since there were less processes used in the model. When goal programming was used in order to satisfy both objectives, the model found a balance between the two plants which in return chose the have some exchanges present.
Design and development of prototype carpal wrist cold gas propulsion system for attitude control applications
Authors: Alvarez J , Tan M , Apolinar M , Ong W , Alemania T , Augusto G , Gan Lim L 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
In recent years, the Philippine space program has launched several small-scale satellites, and lately has commissioned its own space program. Research on improving the subsystems of these satellites would be beneficial to future space programs in the Philippines. This paper will detail the process of designing, validating, fabricating, and testing a prototype Carpal Wrist Cold Gas Propulsion System (CW-CGPS). By making use of a carpal wrist’s (CW) hemispherical movement capabilities, the sixteen thrusters could theoretically be replaced by four mounted on opposite ends. Optimization of the propulsion system is based on finding the nozzle design with the most adequate values for thrust, Mach number, and specific impulse while the CW design is validated when it can be calibrated to move as the program dictates. This study uses multiple programs to simulate and verify the design. The conditions of the testing environment are established by resources from international space organizations. Assembly and feasibility are assessed based on the results of the research. It was found that the final optimized system had a model torque of 0.247 N-m, more than enough to overcome the maximum combined influence of the gravity gradient torque of 2.34E-06 N-m and aerodynamic torque of 1.57E-25 N-m. The design, development, and test campaign for the thruster system is presented.
Influence of sintering profile on the mechanical properties of manganese oxide doped 3Y-TZP
Authors: Theenagaran S , Chin K L , Jun H K , Liang M S , Ng C K , Ramesh S , Teng W D , Ting C H 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Zirconia ceramic has been identified as one of the advanced ceramic material with great mechanical properties which is used as engineering and implant materials. However, the great potential of the ceramic is hindered by low temperature degradation (LTD) where the ceramic experiencing t-m phase transformation that weakens the properties of 3Y-TZP in the presence of moisture. Two-step sintering was found to be effective in producing fully resistance 3Y-TZY but very long holding time is required. Manganese Oxide (MnO2) is reported as good densification aid at low sintering temperature for 3Y-TZP but the LTD issue is not fully resolved. In this study, the effects of different sintering profiles and dwell time on 3Y-TZP added with 0.5 wt.% of MnO2 were studied in order to improve the resistance towards LTD without affecting the intrinsic properties of the ceramic. The effects of adding 0.5 wt.% of manganese oxide (MnO2) into 3 mol% yttria stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystals (3Y-TZP) were studied using different sintering profiles and dwell time. The samples were sintered at 1400°C and 1250°C with varying dwell time of 1 min and 2 hours for single step sintering and a combination of 1 min and 30 min, 2 hours and 25 hours for two step sintering. The optimal sintering profile was Profile C2 where doped 3Y-TZP undergone two step sintering with dwell time of 1 minute at 1400°C and 1250°C for 30 minutes. At this optimal sintering conditions, the doped 3Y-TZP samples exhibited 98.5% relative density, with Young’s Modulus of 206.66 GPa and Vicker’s Hardness of 14.35 GPa.