bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Internal BN Substitution on Electronic Properties of Pyrene Derivatives
Authors: An Li 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Pyrene as an important chemical building block has found wide applications in the field of organic electronics. In solution, pyrene and its derivatives are well-known examples for excimer formation. Here, we studied the boron-nitrogen (BN)-substituted pyrene, decorated with thiophene side chain. From density-functional theory (DFT) calculation, this isoelectronic BN substitution maintains the coplanarity of the central motif and the delocalized π-electron distribution, but additionally induces a much stronger permanent dipole moment. Time-dependent DFT indicates a much-reduced oscillator strength for low energy transitions, and surprisingly a forbidden π-π* transition, therefore resulting in a much red-shifted absorption spectrum. Our simulation results call for future experiments to study the photo-excited properties of BN-substituted pyrene and molecular self-assembly through dipole-dipole interaction and π-π* interaction.
Alpaca Waste Management Model for Improving Fiber Productivity Through the use of Biomass in Andean Highland Communities
Authors: Fernandez-Lizama V , Espinoza-Ccatamayo A , Chavez-Soriano P , Raymundo-Ibañez C 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In an environment where the international market demands a large amount of fiber, the countries that produce raw material must be prepared to face the fulfillment of exports. However, it must be noted that in majority of the countries, this fiber, such as alpaca, can be found in the mountains at more than 3, 000 MASL where frosts are constant and cause deaths. Likewise, if the collection of feces is not adequate, it can represent an infectious focus which, in addition to the deaths, would reduce the productivity of the fiber. Thus, we can say that the main cause is the incipient knowledge of sanitary practices. This document proposes an alpaca waste management model for the generation of biogas for heating alpacas in frost seasons and obtaining biol for the improvement of pastures. The stages in which the project is carried out include infrastructure of the house, connection of house alpaca and system of drainage, biodigester, improvement of pastures. This model was validated by means of a continuous biodigester prototype supplied with alpaca feces and pig biol achieving 1 of biogas.
Interconnected State Control Method and Simulations of Four-corner Interconnected Air Suspension
Authors: Zhongxing Li , Ying Zhou , Xiao Zhang , Hong Jiang , Hongtao Xue 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The four-corner interconnected air suspension can effectively improve vehicles ride comfort, but the opening of the interconnection will intensify the roll or pitch of the car body, reducing the vehicle handling stability when the vehicles are in the turning, acceleration and deceleration conditions. To solve the above problems, an interconnected state control method is proposed for four-corner interconnected air suspension, the interconnection state of the pipeline is determined by the relationship between the torque produced by the air spring and the roll angles or pitch angles of the car body. The parameters of air spring pressure, car body roll angle and pitch angle are used in the control method to obtain the optimal interconnection state of four interconnected pipelines through control algorithm calculation. Finally, the opening and closing of four interconnected pipeline solenoid valves are controlled. In order to verify the effectiveness of the control method, the MATLAB/Simulink model of four-corner interconnected air suspension is established and simulated.
Study on the ultimate load carrying capacity of journal bearings with different materials and surface treating processes
Authors: Li Hulin , Wang Yanzhen , Yin Zhongwei 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The ultimate load carrying capacity of journal bearings with different materials and surface treatment processes was studied in the present work. The load carrying capacity and backside temperature of bearing were examined using a bearing fatigue test machine (Glacier Vandervel, made in UK). The results showed that the copper-based sputtering bearing has the highest ultimate bearing capacity and the fatigue strength reaches 131.3 MPa. The bearing capacity of copper-based electroplated bearings is 99.7 MPa, which is lower than that of copper-based sputtering bearings. The bearing capacity of high tin aluminum alloy is obviously higher than that of white alloy bearing, and the bearing capacity of the two bearings is 72.7 MPa and 36.3 MPa, respectively. Finally, the mechanisms of fatigue failure of the bearings were analyzed.
Electromechanical Device for Temperature Control of Internal Combustion Engines
Authors: Mamani A , Quispe G , Raymundo-Ibañez C 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Internal combustion engines are the most commonly used engines in the automotive world. However, these engines lack an overheating prevention system against cooling system failures when they exceed their normal operating temperature. Less experienced drivers (users) usually do not notice overheating until the engine stops, generating economic expenses in engine repairs. As such, this paper describes the design and construction of an electromechanical device to prevent engine overheating. This device is installed in a vehicle and operates independently from the electronic control unit (ECU); it records the coolant temperature and controls air admission to the engine of the vehicle in which it is installed. In addition, a new Arduino-based card will receive signals from a temperature sensor as input and process them according to its programming. Then, it will send signal outputs to the actuators: a servomotor, monitor, LED display, and buzzer. To control the intake flow, a butterfly valve is used with the servomotor. This valve partially or totally restricts the engine airflow, based on the temperature programmed for the Arduino, thus protecting the engine from overheating.
Ventilation System Simulation Model at a Mine
Authors: Artica I , Quispe G , Raymundo-Ibañez C 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This research project modeled and simulated a ventilation system at a Mining Concession, obtaining real-time information regarding the fans used to ventilate the mine. The simulation was developed using the VENTSIM 5 software, which also helped define the number of fans and the operating parameters required, field information, mine dimensions, the mining method, production, geothermal gradient, gas emission, air stream, and air pressure. In addition, the results from software operation revealed the need to open chimneys and use fans. Furthermore, the results also suggest that a specialist dedicated to ventilation and fan maintenance must be hired to formalize mining operations as per the Occupational Safety and Health Mining Regulations from Executive Action No. 024-2016-EM as this Mining Concession is currently operating without license.
Applying Lean Manufacturing Principles to reduce waste and improve process in a manufacturer: A research study in Peru
Authors: Kaneku-Orbegozo J , Martinez-Palomino J , Sotelo-Raffo F , Ramos-Palomino E 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In the present scenario, lean manufacturing techniques are the most successful improvement concepts that many companies can apply in order to eliminate waste and non-value-added activities related to the manufacturing process. This paper discusses the implementation of lean manufacturing tools and an integrated framework between production planning and quality in a SME dedicated at a production of kitchen equipment. Studies of the company processes showed that the cutting and bending processes tend to create the most amount of sheet metal waste and non-value-added activities. The main objectives of the research were to standardize work, reduce waste, eliminate machine failures and develop the guidelines for a correct planning that meets quality requirements. The improvement results have shown a positive impact reducing the waste ratio and this has meant a saving of 13% in the manufacturing cost.
Creating a High and Homogenous Resolution Workspace for SCARA Based 3D Printers
Authors: McClinton Essence , Wylie Brianna , Moore Dr. Carl A. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
3D printing is an additive manufacturing process that has an untold number of applications in fields as diverse as medical prostheses to military vehicle manufacturing not to mention its long term use in component prototyping [1][2]. With the creation of robotic arm based printers, the 3D printing process can be improved in terms of flexibility and time-efficiency, but with the potential trade-off being lower resolution in some areas of printer workspace. To counteract the resolution reduction, we are studying the use of continuously variable transmissions (CVTs) coupled to the robot’s traditional revolute joints [3]. This paper will show that CVTs allow our SCARA-based robotic printer called DEXTER to achieve a resolution as good or better than a traditional desktop style 3D printer.
Artificial Intelligence in the Aviation Manufacturing Process for Complex Assemblies and Components
Authors: Ian McAndrew , Elena Vishnevskaya , Michael Johnson 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Aviation manufacturing is at the leading edge of technology with materials, designs and processes where automation is not only integral; but complex systems require more advanced systems to produce and verify processes. Critical Infrastructure theory is now used to protect systems and equipment from external software infections and cybersecurity techniques add an extra layer of protection. In this research, it is argued that Artificial Intelligence can reduce these risks and allow complex processes to be less exposed to the threat of external problems, internal errors or mistakes in operation.
Multi-scale model retrieval for case recommendation in manufacturability optimization
Authors: Li Zhi , Zhou Danchen , Zhang Bo 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This paper proposed a multi-scale retrieval framework to help optimize manufacturability. The case based workflow integrates both geometry and rules with model-based definition. At conceptual stage, defect models are categorized and global retrieval is initialized to narrow down cases as defects references. At detail stage, local feature retrieval finds similar defect feature with pre-defined rules, to adapt to manufacturability optimization. Intersection feature detection and decomposition are explored to improve generality.
Mooring systems analysis of floating wind turbines in Italian seas
Authors: Re P , Passoni G , Gudmestad O T 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In recent years, interest in exploiting wind power in deep waters has grown, with the realization of floating structures that could accommodate a turbine and produce electricity. One of the many challenges that these projects face is the position keeping of the system in a defined part of the sea: this is carried out with mooring systems, designed to withstand extreme marine conditions. The first aim of this work is to analyze these systems, to find a general solution for a floating wind farm in the Italian seas. Of importance is to suggest a design that could be fabricated in an Italian dry dock and towed to site. A numerical model of the floating structure and the environment has been realized using the software, OrcaFlex, and simulating the 50- and 100-year return period conditions in the Adriatic Sea and in the Strait of Sicily, with different mooring combinations of present-day technologies. The model’s implementation requires environmental and structural parameters: the former have been obtained with a statistical analysis of actual recordings of wind speed and wave height and with the official Italian cartography. Structural details have been derived by looking at existing floaters, finding the most suitable one for the Italian environment. After simulations, the results are interpreted with a comparison of tension in the lines, vertical forces at the anchors, wire length and mooring footprint, finding out that depth has the greatest impact on these factors. With respect to this, the proposed numerical model can provide a simple indication for the mooring of floating wind turbines in two different areas of the seas surrounding the Italian peninsula: for the Adriatic Sea (shallow waters), suction anchors with chains should be preferred, while, for the Strait of Sicily (deeper waters), traditional anchors may be considered, with lines composed of chains or a combination of chains with synthetic fibers.
CFD simulations of a suspension bridge deck for different deck shapes with railings and vortex mitigating devices
Authors: Kusano I , Jakobsen J B , Snæbjörnsson J T 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Aerodynamic response of a single-box suspension bridge girder is investigated using CFD simulations. The importance of including railings and vortex mitigating devices such as guide vanes and a spoiler in the simulations is explored since they alter the flow field around the deck greatly. The paper compares results from a bare deck section and a section with mitigating devices. A clear vortex shedding observed for the bare deck section is suppressed by the use of mitigating devices and the aerodynamic force coefficients are very different between these cases. The effect of varying deck width is also studied. Flutter derivatives are defined based on quasi-steady formulation and flutter velocity is computed for each section. The section with the largest width to depth ratio has the best performance against flutter. This study is an initial phase of multi-fidelity optimization of bridge deck shape considering aerodynamic constraints.
Assessment of wave runup and wave rundown based on observed long-term wave conditions
Authors: Myrhaug D , Sunde T 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article presents an analytical method that can be applied to provide first estimates of wave runup (RU) and wave rundown (RD) on shorelines and coastal structures based on observed long-term wave statistics and is supplementary to [12] who based their results on long-term wind statistics. Some recently published wave RU and wave RD formulae are used, together with joint statistics of significant wave height and spectral peak period from the Northern North Sea. Results are exemplified for the average statistical properties of wave RU and wave RD in terms of the expected values and the standard deviations, as well as values estimated from 1-, 10- and 100-years return period contour lines.
Numerical study on aerodynamic drag reduction and energy harvest for electric vehicle: a concept to extend driving range
Authors: Huluka A W , Kim C H 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Energy efficiency of road vehicles is highly attributed to its aerodynamic performance. Over the last decades, significant reduction of aerodynamic drag has been made. But, beyond the current achievement, further improvement become a challenge for car industries and professionals working in the area. This paper focuses on new approach to further find aerodynamic performance improvement particularly for electric vehicles. Therefore, a preliminary numerical study on ducting and concept of energy harvesting from aerodynamic resistance is introduced as an alternative to improve energy efficiency. Ducted and slightly modified Ahmed model is used to study aerodynamic characteristics of ducted models and how ducting would contribute to the reduction of energy consumption due to air resistance. Three-dimensional, incompressible, and steady flow governing equations are solved by CFD code (PHOENICS ver.2018) with extended turbulent model proposed by Chen-Kim (1987). From the study, it is found that the total drag reduction of over 15% on the ducted models compared to the base model. The kinetic energy preserved due to ducting is also significant. Harvesting this energy and utilizing it to extend driving range is believed to be a potential area to be dealt in detail. Therefore, the idea of duct application and energy harvesting introduced in this paper, either to reduce or use aerodynamic resistance is expected to have potential contribution to the development of future energy efficient road vehicles.
Numerical simulation of flow around two 5:1 rectangular cylinders at a high Reynolds Number
Authors: Yin G , Monaci T , Ong M C 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The unsteady flows around two stationary rectangular cylinders with a chord-to-thickness ratio of B/D = 5 at ReD
= 2 × 105 (based on the free stream velocity and the width length D), are investigated using two-dimensional Unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes equations with a standard k − ω SST turbulence model. The computational model is validated by carrying out simulation of the flow around a single rectangle and comparing the hydrodynamic quantities (time-averaged drag coefficient, root-mean-square of fluctuating lift coefficient) with the previous published data. The aim of the present study is to study the influence of the relative positions between the two rectangular cylinders on their hydrodynamic quantities and the surrounding flow fields.
Fly ash as a raw material for geopolymerisation - chemical composition and physical properties
Authors: Korniejenko K , Halyag NP , Mucsi G 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article discuss the main features of fly ashes as raw material for geopolymerisation. This article is focused on the examination of the fly ash (FA) from the CHP plant in Skawina (Poland) and assessment it as a main component of geopolymers. The article is focused on chemical and physical properties. The characteristic of the FA is presented, including particle size distribution, density, and chemical composition. The all parameters are discussed according to advantages and disadvantages using this FA to geopolymerisation process, including possibilities to achieve better results through proper preparation of the raw material.
Geopolymer’s radiation absorption detected by Geiger-Muller counter
Authors: Süzgeç Elif , Doğan-Sağlamtimur Neslihan , Bozkurt Vakkas , Ertürk Sefa 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Fly ash (FA), which is an industrial solid waste released by the burning of coal in thermal power plants, is responsible for causing environmental problems. Radiation is also an environmental problem besides causing health problems for human being. Geopolymer is a specialized building material resulting from the reaction of a source material, which is rich in silica and alumina, with alkaline solution. It is ordinary Portland cement (OPC) free building material. It has been reported that geopolymer building material has good engineering properties with a reduced carbon footprint resulting from the total replacement of OPC as greener alternative. In this study, it is aimed to measure radiation absorption of geopolymers produced from the reaction of FA, which was supplied from İsken Sugözü Thermal Power Plant (Adana, Turkey) and rich in silica and alumina in total content of 83.74, with alkaline activators (sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate) at curing temperatures (70 °C and 100 °C). In the study, lattice measurement system consisting of nested lead plates to avoid unwanted radiation was designed to determine radiation absorption of geopolymers. By using this new system, geopolymer was found to be 5% better radiation absorption capacity than OPC building material when it is compared.
Production of geopolymer composites by using different alkaline solution/material ratio
Authors: Doğan-Sağlamtimur Neslihan , Öz Hatice Öznur , Bilgil Ahmet , Süzgeç Elif , Vural Türkan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis study reports an experimental program to optimize mix design parameters of fly ash-based geopolymer engineering composites. Fly ash (FA) supplied from Çatalağzı Thermal Power Plant (Zonguldak, Turkey) and Rilem Cembureau Standard Sand were used together with a constant ratio of 0.50 for producing geopolymer. In the first step, two different alkaline solution/material ratio (FA+standard sand) (L/M) were determined as 0.20 and 0.40, respectively. After that, sodium silicate ((Na2SiO3) and 12M sodium hydroxide (NaOH) were utilized at a ratio of 1, 2, and 3, respectively. 6 mixtures obtained by using different design parameters were cured at 70 °C for 24 hours, respectively, and then they were stored at room temperature until testing age. While the physical properties of the samples were measured by the bulk density and water absorption tests at 28 days, mechanical properties were tested via the compressive and flexural strength tests at 90 days, respectively.The results indicated that the highest compressive strength for geopolymer materials was found as 36.5 MPa in the mixture produced with the ratios of L/M=0.2 and Na2SiO3/NaOH=2 (by weight). However, less alkali reaction caused by using excessive activator solutions decreased the strength characteristics of geopolymer.
Mechanical properties of composites based on geopolymers reinforced with sizal
Authors: Korniejenko K , Łach M , Mikuła J 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the usefulness of composites based on alkali activated materials reinforced with natural fiber - sisal, as an ecological material for selected applications in the building industry. Microscopic analysis of the created structure and examination of compression and bending strength were carried out. Strength tests show a slight increase in compression and bending strength compared to a geopolymer matrix without fibers.
Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analysis of iodine/potassium iodide electrolyte influence on spin-coated platinum counter-electrode on FTO glass
Authors: Walter J , Mierzwiński D , Marszałek K , Sanetra J 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Very low concentrated precursor solution has been carried out for producing catalytic platinum layers by a spin-coating method. Direct deposition of platinum nanoparticles from low concentrated precursor solution on a conductive substrate results in many nanoparticles remaining in solution. They are not adhesive enough to be able to load them onto another submerged element. The spin-coating method has been applied to use them for catalytic layer preparation. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements were carried out using a symmetrical setup with the test electrolyte showing, in general, the better properties if more layers are applied. The circuit model for the symmetric setup, containing two identical Pt layers with electrolyte between them, has been proposed. It was found deteriorating layer properties expressed by charge transfer resistance increasing while the platinum layers were influenced by the electrolyte due to a decrease in the amount of platinum on the electrode surfaces. Layers of platinum retain their properties for some hours in contact with electrolyte without measurable decreasing of properties. The spin-coated platinum layer obtained by described method can be used in laboratory tests of Dye Sensitised Solar Cells different components filled with iodide-triiodide electrolyte.