bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Symptom variability throughout the day in patients with gastroparesis
Authors: Shahsavari Dariush , Yu Daohai , Jehangir Asad , Lu Xiaoning , Zoll Bryan , Parkman Henry P. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundSymptoms of gastroparesis (Gp) can fluctuate at different times of the day. Our aims are (1) To characterize Gp symptom variability throughout the day and in relation to meals and (2) to compare the daily symptom variability in subtypes of Gp—diabetic gastroparesis (DGp) and idiopathic gastroparesis (IGp).MethodsPatients with Gp filled Patient Assessment of Gastrointestinal Symptoms (PAGI‐SYM) and completed a modified GCSI‐DD seven times a day (GCSI‐Throughout the Day [GCSI‐TTD]; before and after meals, and before going to bed) over a 2‐week period.Key ResultsA total of 44 patients participated (86% females), including 29 (66%) with IGp, 13 (30%) with DGp, and 2 (4%) with postsurgical Gp. Using the GCSI‐TTD, patients with Gp reported significant postprandial worsening of overall symptom severity, as well as severities of nausea, early satiety, stomach fullness, and abdominal pain. Patients also had progressive worsening of the overall symptom severity, early satiety, stomach fullness, and abdominal pain during the day; however, nausea severity did not differ during the day. Number of vomiting and retching episodes did not show significant variations postprandially or during the day. Patients with IGp had greater symptom severity throughout the day and greater postprandial increase in symptoms compared to patients with DGp.Conclusions and InferencesPatients with Gp experience postprandial worsening of overall symptom severity, as well as severities of nausea, early satiety, stomach fullness, and abdominal pain. These symptoms also progressively worsen during the day, except for the severity of nausea which persists throughout the day. Understanding the symptom variability in patients with Gp throughout the day and postprandially may be useful in treatment of patients with Gp.
Shape shifting by amphibious plants in dynamic hydrological niches
Authors: van Veen Hans , Sasidharan Rashmi 
Published: November 2019

SummaryAmphibious plants thrive in areas with fluctuating water levels, partly as a result of their capacity to make specialized leaves when submerged or emerged. The tailor‐made leaves improve gas exchange underwater or prevent aerial desiccation. Aquatic leaves are thin with narrow or dissected forms, thin cuticles and fewer stomata. These traits can combine with carbon‐concentrating mechanisms and various inorganic carbon utilization strategies. Signalling networks underlying this plasticity include conserved players like abscisic acid and ethylene, but closer inspection reveals greater variation in regulatory behaviours. Moreover, it seems that amphibious leaf development overrides and reverses conserved signalling pathways of their terrestrial counterparts. The diversity of physiology and signalling makes plant amphibians particularly attractive for gaining insights into the evolution of signalling and crop improvement.
Goals and Strategies to Solve Peer Conflict: Comparison by Aggression Trajectories
Authors: Douglas Brooke , Orpinas Pamela 
Published: November 2019

Objective. Prior research identified three trajectories of adolescent aggressive behavior from Grades 6 to 12:Low, Medium Desisting, and High Desisting Aggression. This study examined whether youth in these trajectories differed in their goals and strategies to solve conflict. Method. The sample consisted of 620 randomly selected students participating in the Healthy Teens Longitudinal Study. Participants attended schools in Northeast Georgia, USA. Mean scores were plotted for the seven years, and analysis of variance was used to examine whether student endorsement of goals and strategies differed by aggression trajectories. Results. Self-reported student goals and strategies were stable over time. At Grade 6 and 12, significantly more students in the Low Aggression trajectory endorsed positive goals and strategies to resolve peer conflict, and significantly more students in the two more aggressive trajectories endorsed aggressive goals and strategies. Youth in the two more aggressive trajectories did not differ in goals or strategies. Seeking help from a teacher did not vary by aggression trajectory or grade level. Conclusion. Given the stability of goals and strategies, school should implement programs early to enhance social-cognitive factors affecting students’ behavior in peer conflict situations, and thus prevent violence and enhance a positive school climate.
Operacionalización psicodinámica del eje estructura en un paciente drogodependiente
Authors: Vanegas Osorio Jorge Humberto , Zapata-Patiño Daniel Alejandro , Castrillón-Osorio Leidy Carolina 
Published: November 2019

Objetivo. Comprender la relación entre el perfil psicodinámico y la adicción a las drogas en pacientes internos en una comunidad terapéutica, considerando la operacionalización del eje estructura según el Diagnóstico Psicodinámico Operacionalizado (OPD-2). Método. Se implementó el estudio cualitativo de cuatro procesos individuales de psicoterapia psicodinámica. Cada caso fue analizado por separado y se operacionalizaron los ejes diagnósticos del OPD-2; instrumento validado internacionalmente para la investigación, evaluación, focalización e indicación del tratamiento. Resultados. El análisis de caso permitió concluir que las limitaciones en las capacidades cognitivas, emocionales y vinculares corresponden a un nivel estructural medio-bajo. Conclusión. Para la intervención psicoterapéutica es importante comprender la dinámica psíquica que sostiene la conducta adictiva con base en un acertado diagnóstico dimensional.
El programa EQUIPAR para Educadores: sus efectos en el pensamiento y la conducta social
Authors: Van der Meulen Kevin , Granizo Laura , Del Barrio Cristina , De Dios María José 
Published: November 2019

Objetivo. EQUIPAR para Educadores (EpE; DiBiase et al., 2010) es un programa educativo cuyo objetivoes equipar a los jóvenes con habilidades y conocimientos para su vida diaria, a fin de prevenir conductasantisociales. El presente estudio se propone analizar los efectos de la aplicación del programa en lasdistorsiones cognitivas, el clima de aula y las actuaciones del alumnado en situaciones de acoso escolar.Método. Participaron 123 estudiantes de 3º y 4º de ESO. Se utilizó un diseño cuasi-experimental pretest/postest con un grupo control (128 estudiantes). Resultados. Se observaron cambios positivos en las actuaciones ante el acoso escolar, pero las distorsiones cognitivas y el clima de aula percibido no mostraron cambios después de la aplicación del programa. Conclusión. Una percepción muy positiva del clima de aula y el bajo nivel de distorsiones cognitivas antes de la intervención podrían explicar la falta de efectos, junto a aspectos relacionados con la implantación del programa EpE.
Evaluation of the increased risk of spine fracture in patients with mood disorder compared with matched controls: a longitudinal follow-up study using a national sample cohort in Korea
Authors: Kim So Young , Min Chanyang , Park Bumjung , Kim Miyoung , Choi Hyo Geun 
Published: November 2019

ObjectiveTo evaluate the risk of spine fracture in patients with mood disorder using a nationwide cohort.DesignA longitudinal follow-up study.SettingClaims data for the population ≥20 years of age were collected from 2002 to 2013 for the Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort.ParticipantsA total of 60 140 individuals with mood disorder were matched with 240 560 individuals (control group) for age, sex, income, region of residence and osteoporosis.InterventionsIn both the mood disorder and control groups, the history of spine fracture was evaluated. The International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision codes for mood disorder (F31–F39) and spine fracture (S220 and S320) were included.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe univariable and multivariable HRs and 95% CIs of spine fracture for patients with mood disorder were analysed using a stratified Cox proportional hazards model. Subgroup analyses were conducted according to the history of osteoporosis, age and sex.ResultsApproximately 3.3% (2011/60 140) of patients in the mood disorder group and 2.8% (6795/240 560) of individuals in the control group had spine fracture (p<0.001). The mood disorder group demonstrated a higher adjusted HR for spine fracture than the control group (multivariable HR=1.10, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.15, p<0.001). The participants without osteoporosis showed a higher HR of mood disorder for spine fracture than the control participants (multivariable HR=1.25, 95% CI 1.14 to 1.37, p<0.001). According to age and sex, this result was consistent in subgroups of women aged 20–39 and 40–59 years and men aged ≥60 years.ConclusionThe risk of spine fracture was increased in patients with mood disorder. The potential risk of spine fracture needs to be evaluated when managing patients with mood disorder.
Association of acculturation with cardiac structure and function among Hispanics/Latinos: a cross-sectional analysis of the echocardiographic study of Latinos
Authors: López Lenny , Swett Katrina , Rodriguez Fátima , Kizer Jorge R , Penedo Frank , Gallo Linda , Allison Matthew , Arguelles William , Gonzalez Franklyn , Kaplan Robert C , Rodriguez Carlos J 
Published: November 2019

ObjectiveHispanics/Latinos, the largest immigrant population in the USA, undergo the process of acculturation and have a large burden of heart failure risk. Few studies have examined the association of acculturation on cardiac structure and function.DesignCross-sectional.SettingThe Echocardiographic Study of Latinos.Participants1818 Hispanic adult participants with baseline echocardiographic assessment and acculturation measured by the Short Acculturation Scale, nativity, age at immigration, length of US residence, generational status and language.Primary and secondary outcome measuresEchocardiographic assessment of left atrial volume index (LAVI), left ventricular mass index (LVMI), early diastolic transmitral inflow and mitral annular velocities.ResultsThe study population was predominantly Spanish-speaking and foreign-born with mean residence in the US of 22.7 years, mean age of 56.4 years; 50% had hypertension, 28% had diabetes and 44% had a body mass index >30 kg/m2. Multivariable analyses demonstrated higher LAVI with increasing years of US residence. Foreign-born and first-generation participants had higher E/e′ but lower LAVI and e′ velocities compared with the second generation. Higher acculturation and income >$20K were associated with higher LVMI, LAVI and E/e′ but lower e′ velocities. Preferential Spanish-speakers with an income <$20K had a higher E/e′.ConclusionsAcculturation was associated with abnormal cardiac structure and function, with some effect modification by socioeconomic status.
Moving 2 Mindful(M2M) study protocol: testing a mindfulness group plus ecological momentary intervention to decrease stress and anxiety in adolescents from high-conflict homes with a mixed-method longitudinal design
Authors: Lucas-Thompson Rachel , Seiter Natasha , Broderick Patricia C , Coatsworth James Douglas , Henry Kimberly L , McKernan Charlotte J , Smyth Joshua M 
Published: November 2019

IntroductionInterparental conflict exposure places adolescents at risk for problems with stress and anxiety; existing prevention/intervention strategies focus on reducing interparental conflict. Mindfulness-based programmes may be a promising treatment strategy for this population, but studies have not yet tested whether they are effective in this high-conflict context. In addition, evidence suggests that extensions to traditional treatments, such as delivering components in daily life that are tailored to moments of need, can increase treatment efficacy, particularly when combined with in-person treatments and particularly for adolescents. However, there are no such extensions to mindfulness interventions available. TheMoving 2 Mindfulstudy aims to (1) develop an ecological momentary intervention (EMI) supplement to Learning to BREATHE (L2B), an evidence-based mindfulness intervention for adolescents; (2) refine the EMI programme and determine the best delivery plan; (3) examine the feasibility and acceptability of L2B Plus (L2B plus the developed supplement) and (4) examine the potential for L2B Plus to reduce stress and anxiety for adolescents from high-conflict homes.Methods and analysisTheMoving 2 Mindfulstudy proposes a mixed-methods approach to developing and refining a multimethod adaptive supplement to L2B. Feasibility, acceptability and potential effectiveness will be tested in a sample of 38 families, who will be randomly assigned to receive L2B Plus or an active health and wellness control condition and followed until 3 months postintervention. A range of psychosocial and physiological factors will be assessed at multiple time points. This study is registered with clinicaltrials.gov (IDNCT03869749; pre-results).Ethics and disseminationThe Institutional Review Board at Colorado State University has approved this study. Findings will be disseminated in scientific journals and conferences, whether they are positive, negative or inconclusive.
Social and spatial inequalities in allostatic load among adults in China: a multilevel longitudinal study
Authors: Mao Fan , Astell-Burt Thomas , Feng Xiaoqi , Liu Yunning , Dong Jianqun , Liu Shiwei , Wang Lijun , Jiang Yingying , Dong Wenlan , Zhou Maigeng , Wang Limin 
Published: November 2019

ObjectivesTo investigate potential geographical and socioeconomic patterning of allostatic load (AL) in China.DesignMultilevel longitudinal study of the 2010 Chronic Disease Risk Factor Surveillance linked to the National Death Surveillance up to 31 December 2015.SettingAll 31 provinces in China, not including Hong Kong, Macao or Taiwan.Participants96 466 ≥ 18 years old (women=54.3%).ExposuresPerson-level educational attainment and mean years of education in counties.OutcomeAL was measured using clinical guidelines for nine biomarkers: body mass index; waist circumference; systolic blood pressure; diastolic blood pressure; fasting blood glucose; total cholesterol; triglycerides; high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.ResultsMultilevel logistic regressions adjusted for sex, age, marital status, person-level education, county mean years of education and urban/rural reported ORs of 1.22 (95% CI 1.08 to 1.38) for 5-year all-cause mortality (n=3284) and 1.20 (1.04–1.37) for deaths from non-communicable diseases (n=2891) among people in AL quintile 5 (high) compared with quintile 1 (low). The median rate ratio estimated from unadjusted multilevel negative binomial regression showed AL clustered geographically (province=1.14; county=1.12; town=1.11; village=1.14). After adjusting for aforementioned confounders, AL remained higher with age (rate ratio 1.02, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.02), higher in women compared with men (1.17, 1.15 to 1.19), lower among singletons (0.83, 0.81 to 0.85) and widowers (0.96, 0.94 to 0.98). AL was lower among people with university-level compared with no education (0.92, 0.89 to 0.96), but higher in counties with higher mean education years (1.03, 1.01 to 1.05). A two-way interaction suggested AL was higher (1.04, 1.02 to 1.06) among those with university-level compared with no education within counties with higher mean years of education. Similar results were observed for alternative constructions of AL using 75th and 80th percentile cut-points.ConclusionsAL in China is patterned geographically. The degree of association between AL and person-level education seems to be dependent on area-level education, which may be a proxy for other contextual factors that warrant investigation.
Influence of government price regulation and deregulation on the price of antineoplastic medications in China: a controlled interrupted time series study
Authors: Guan Xiaodong , Wushouer Haishaerjiang , Yang Mingchun , Han Sheng , Shi Luwen , Ross-Degnan Dennis , Wagner Anita Katharina 
Published: November 2019

BackgroundIn October 2012, the Chinese government established maximum retail prices for specific products, including 30 antineoplastic medications. Three years later, in June 2015, the government abolished price regulation for most medications, including all antineoplastic medications. This study examined the impacts of regulation and subsequent deregulation of prices of antineoplastic medications in China.MethodsUsing hospital procurement data and an interrupted time series with comparison series design, we examined the impacts of the policy changes on relative purchase prices (Laspeyres price index) and volumes of and spending on 52 antineoplastic medications in 699 hospitals. We identified three policy periods: prior to the initial price regulation (October 2011 to September 2012); during price regulation (October 2012 to June 2015); and after price deregulation (July 2015 to June 2016).ResultsDuring government price regulation, compared with price-unregulated cancer medications (n=22, mostly newer targeted products), the relative price of price-regulated medications (n=30, mostly chemotherapeutic products) decreased significantly (β=−0.081, p<0.001). After the government price deregulation, no significant price change occurred. Neither government price regulation nor deregulation had a significant impact on average volumes of or average spending on all antineoplastic medications immediately after the policy changes or in the longer term (p>0.05).ConclusionCompared with unregulated antineoplastics, the prices of regulated antineoplastic medications decreased after setting price caps and did not increase after deregulation. To control the rapid growth of oncology medication expenditures, more effective measures than price regulation through price caps for traditional chemotherapy are needed.
Intradermal thumbtack needle buried Neiguan (P6) point for prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing craniotomy: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Lv Jian-qin , Wang Chengwei , Yang Yi , Li Yu , Xu Tian-hao , Jian Ling-qi 
Published: November 2019

IntroductionPostoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is among the most common adverse reactions following anaesthesia and surgery. Recent clinical studies have reported that the average incidence is about 30%, while in patients specifically undergoing neurosurgery, the incidence can be as great as 73%. Studies also suggest that its occurrence increases the risk of intracranial haematoma and haemorrhage. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of intradermal thumbtack needle buried Neiguan (pericardium 6 (P6)) point therapy in the prevention of PONV in patients undergoing craniotomy under general anaesthesia.Methods and analysisThis is a single-centre, three-arm, randomised controlled trial. 180 participants are randomly assigned to either an acupuncture, intradermal thumbtack needle or control group in a 1:1:1 ratio. The P6 of the acupuncture group is punctured at both sides perpendicularly to a depth of 20 mm. Needles are retained for 30 min and stimulated every 10 min to maintain the de qi. The therapy includes two treatments; the acupuncture is administered immediately after and 24 hours after surgery. For the intradermal thumbtack needle group, the intradermal thumbtack needle is quickly inserted into the skin and embedded at P6 acupoints bilaterally. Patients and their families are asked to press the needlepoint with the onset of nausea, vomiting, bloating, pain and other reported discomforts. The needle is replaced after 24 hours. The therapy is administered immediately after and 24 hours after surgery. For the control group, no intervention is carried out. The incidence of PONV within 48 hours after craniotomy across the three groups is observed. Other observations include: (1) assessment of nausea score (severity of nausea) and pain score (visual analogue scale) 0–2, 2–6, 6–24 and 24–48 hours after craniotomy under general anaesthesia; (2) assessment of total rescue antiemetic dosage 0–48 hours after craniotomy under general anaesthesia; (3) length of hospital stay and (4) patient satisfaction score with PONV management. We will perform all statistical analysis following the intention-to-treat principle.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval has been granted by the Bioethics Subcommittee of the West China Hospital, Sichuan University: the approval number is 2018 (number 231). Results will be expected to be published in peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numberChiCTR1800017173
Long-term outcomes in patients newly diagnosed with iron deficiency anaemia in general practice: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Schop Annemarie , Stouten Karlijn , Riedl Jurgen , van Houten Ron , van Rosmalen Joost , Wolfhagen Frank , Bindels Patrick J E , Levin Mark-David 
Published: November 2019

ObjectivesTo describe all iron deficiency anaemia (IDA)–related causes during follow-up of patients newly diagnosed with IDA and to assess whether a delayed colorectal cancer (CRC) diagnosis influences survival.Design and settingRetrospective cohort study of patients from general practices in the Dordrecht area, the Netherlands.ParticipantsMen and women aged ≥50 years with a new diagnosis of IDA (ie, no anaemia 2 years previously).MethodFrom February 2007 to February 2018, all relevant data were collected from the files of the referral hospital. Early IDA-related cause was defined as established within 18 weeks after IDA diagnosis. Cox proportional-hazards regression was used to analyse survival of patients with CRC diagnosis.Results587 patients with IDA were included with a median follow-up of 4.6 years. Early and late IDA-related causes could be established in 32% and 8% of patients, respectively. Early and late CRC was found in 8% and 2% of patients, respectively, and were located mainly right sided. After adjustment for age, gender and TNM classification, mortality risk was lower in patients with IDA with early CRC diagnosis, but not significantly (HR 0.30, 95% CI 0.09 to 1.02).ConclusionEven with extended follow-up, the cause of IDA remains elusive in the majority of patients with IDA in general practice. However, patients with IDA are at increased risk for in particular right-sided CRC and a late diagnosis of CRC appears to have a detrimental effect on survival in patients with IDA.