bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correction for non-stationary of hydrodynamic fields in the rheological relationship of liquid
Authors: Павловский В.А. 
Published: December 2020

Эксплуатация различного рода технических устройств, в которых реализуются течения жидкости в каналах и трубах, всегда сопровождается нестационарными гидродинамическими процессами. Однако решение задач нестационарных течений жидкостей и газов зачастую приводит к существенных погрешностям, что дает основание исследователям основание сомневаться в справедливости реологических соотношений, учитывающих только неоднородность гидродинамических полей, но не учитывающих их нестационарность.
Для устранения этих погрешностей при решении нестационарных задач течения жидкости в каналах и трубах в работах под руководством профессора С.К.Матвеева в выражение для касательного напряжения введена поправка, содержащая производную по времени скорости жидкости. Однако обобщение этой поправки на общий случай течения в тензорном виде оказывается невозможным. Поэтому в данной работе предлагается запись выражения для всего тензора напряжений в жидкости с поправкой на нестационарность, содержащей производную скорости, которая пригодна для описания пространственных течений жидкости. Рассмотрен частный случай нестационарного течения жидкости в плоском канале в одномерной постановке при использовании этой поправки. Показано, что такая модификация реологического соотношения приводит к решениям, согласующимися с решениями С.К.Матвеева. Также эта модификация может привести к уточнениям результатов решения для некоторых задач нестационарных течений.
The operation of various technical devices in which fluid flows in channels and pipes are realized is always accompanied by non-stationary hydrodynamic processes. However, the solution of problems of unsteady flows of liquids and gases often leads to significant errors, which gives reason to researchers to doubt the validity of rheological relations, taking into account only the heterogeneity of the hydrodynamic fields, but not taking into account their unsteadiness. To eliminate these errors in solving unsteady problems of fluid flow in channels and pipes, in the work under the guidance of Professor S.K. Matveev, a correction containing the time derivative of the fluid velocity is introduced into the expression for shear stress. However, this correction is generalized to the general case of flow in tensor form turns out to be impossible. Therefore, in this paper, we propose writing an expression for the entire stress tensor in a fluid, adjusted for non-stationarity, containing the derivative of velocity, which is suitable for describing spatial fluid flows. A special case of unsteady fluid flow in a flat channel in a one-dimensional formulation using this correction is considered. It is shown that such a modification of the rheological relation leads to solutions matching the decisions of S.K. Matveev. Also, this modification can lead to more precise results of the solution for some problems of unsteady flows.
Efectividad de la realidad virtual inmersiva en el manejo del dolor del paciente quemado: una revisión sistemática
Authors: Ivars Crespo María del Mar , Suso Martí Luis 
Published: December 2020

Objetivo: El objetivo principal del presente estudio fue conocer los efectos de la realidad virtual sobre el dolor y la ansiedad durante la cura o rehabilitación en pacientes con quemaduras.
Material y método: Se realizó una revisión sistemática con una búsqueda en las principales bases de datos: Pubmed, Cinahl y Scopus hasta el 20 de febrero de 2020. Se empleó la estrategia de búsqueda: (“virtual reality” AND “burns” AND “pain” OR “anxiety”). Se incluyeron todos los estudios que utilizaron realidad virtual inmersiva a través de las gafas como soporte para la terapia. Se evaluó el riesgo de sesgo a partir de la herramienta “Cochrane risk-of-bias tool”.
Resultados: Tras aplicar los criterios de inclusión y exclusión se obtuvieron un total de 17 artículos. Todos ellos midieron la variable dolor en su dimensión sensorial y encontraron disminuciones significativas de la intensidad del dolor en comparación con el tratamiento habitual. Sin embargo, se encontraron resultados heterogéneos y no significativos en relación con la ansiedad.
Conclusiones: La realidad virtual parece constituir una técnica adyuvante en el tratamiento del dolor del paciente con quemaduras, durante la cura o fisioterapia. A pesar de ello, se requiere más investigación en el área para poder implementar su aplicación clínica.
Relación entre la capacidad cognitiva, la estereognosia y la destreza manipulativa en personas mayores sanas: estudio piloto
Authors: Carpena Niño María Gracia , Cuesta-Martínez César , Gómez-Martínez Miguel , Zamarro Rodríguez Belen , Peña-González María , Cano Martínez Andrea 
Published: December 2020

Introducción: El envejecimiento es un proceso universal que conduce a un deterioro funcional y a la pérdida de la capacidad de adaptación de manera progresiva. En España hay actualmente casi nueve millones de personas mayores.
Objetivo: Determinar la relación existente entre el funcionamiento cognitivo, la función sensitiva de estereognosia y la destreza manipulativa en personas mayores en ausencia de deterioro cognitivo diagnosticado.
Diseño: Investigación básica, observacional, descriptiva, transversal, de corte prospectivo y de naturaleza cuantitativa.
Participantes: 28 participantes (n=28).
Intervenciones: Se llevó a cabo una única evaluación en un único momento. La recogida de muestra se realizó entre los meses de febrero y abril de 2019. El proceso de evaluación constó de tres pruebas que se administraron siguiendo un orden determinado: Dynamic Loewenstein Occupational Therapy Cognitive Assessment For Geriatric Use (DLOTCA-G) para evaluar funciones cognitivas, subprueba de estereognosia del Nottingham Sensory Assessment (NSA) y Nine Hole Peg Test (9HPT) para evaluar la destreza manipulativa.
Resultados: Se obtuvo como resultado que existe una relación entre el aumento de edad y el empeoramiento de la destreza manipulativa, hallándose una débil correlación entre la puntuación en pruebas que evalúan la memoria y el tiempo empleado en completar pruebas de destreza manipulativa y que existe una relación entre la edad y las puntuaciones de las pruebas cognitivas que requieren secuenciación y construcción en dos dimensiones.
Conclusión: Las personas mayores obtuvieron tiempos más altos y variables en las pruebas de estereognosia y tienen mayor probabilidad de no reconocer todos los objetos o la forma de los mismos.
El concepto de originalidad en el arte y sus determinantes en la experiencia creativa en la contemporaneidad
Authors: Valadares Souza Geruza 
Published: December 2020

Proponemos investigar los conceptos de poíesis , téchne , alétheia y praxis y su relación con la creación humana en tres períodos históricos: en la antigüedad griega, en la modernidad y en la contemporaneidad, con el fin de responder a la pregunta: ¿Cuál es el estado de la creación en el contemporáneo? En este sentido, la investigación analiza el concepto de originalidad en la antigüedad y en la modernidad, con el objetivo de demostrar la influencia determinante de dicho concepto para la comprensión de la experiencia artística en la contemporaneidad.
Right to open data – as a private right
Authors: І. Ф. Корж  
Published: December 2020

This article examines the issues of openness and transparency of the activities of state authorities and local governments in terms of providing public access to open data. An analysis is made of the real possibilities of exercising public control over the openness of the functioning of state institutions. Shortcomings in certain areas of control are revealed and appropriate mechanisms for improving its effectiveness are proposed.
Effect of COVID-19 Pandemic on Anti-VEGF Treatment of Medical Retinal Conditions
Authors: Rahimzadeh Mana , Muniraju Ramu , Izadi Shahrnaz 
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Ophthalmology services have been significantly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. Frequency of intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (Anti-VEGF) injections are important in visual outcomes.
Methods: We conducted an audit on intravitreal services in an NHS district general hospital in the UK including all new patients with diabetic macular oedema (CI-DMO) and wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD) who were initiated on intravitreal injection of Aflibercept (EYLEA) between 1st January to 15th July 2020, and had subsequent injections until October 2020. Data on injection dates and visual acuity was extracted, and the total number of all intravitreal injections for all indications between January to September 2020 and the same period in 2019. Delay to treatment was defined as more than 14 days, according to the fixed dosing schedule.
Results: We found 31% (n=17) of patients initiated on treatment for wet AMD and 44% (N=11) for CI-DMO had delayed injections. There was no correlation between total duration of delay and change in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA). Similarly, we found no association between duration of delay and change in BCVA. The number of intravitreal injections declined during the COVID-19 pandemic by 17.8% compared to 2019.
Conclusion: Majority of patients initiated on anti-VEGF injections just before the pandemic or during the pandemic received injections on time. Where there were significant delays to treatment, there was no detected loss in vision over the short term. However, the long-term impact and impact of overall reduction in intravitreal injections are unknown.
On the Existence of Shear-current Effects in Magnetized Burgulence
Authors: Käpylä Maarit J. , Vizoso Javier Álvarez , Rheinhardt Matthias , Brandenburg Axel , Singh Nishant K. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The possibility of explaining shear flow dynamos by a magnetic shear-current (MSC) effect is examined via numerical simulations. Our primary diagnostics is the determination of the turbulent magnetic diffusivity tensor
η
. In our setup, a negative sign of its component η

yx
is necessary for coherent dynamo action by the SC effect. To be able to measure turbulent transport coefficients from systems with magnetic background turbulence, we present an extension of the test-field method (TFM) applicable to our setup where the pressure gradient is dropped from the momentum equation: the nonlinear TFM (NLTFM). Our momentum equation is related to Burgers’ equation and the resulting flows are referred to as magnetized burgulence. We use both stochastic kinetic and magnetic forcings to mimic cases without and with simultaneous small-scale dynamo action. When we force only kinetically, negative η

yx
are obtained with exponential growth in both the radial and azimuthal mean magnetic field components. Using magnetokinetic forcing, the field growth is no longer exponential, while NLTFM yields positive η

yx
. By employing an alternative forcing from which wavevectors whose components correspond to the largest scales are removed, the exponential growth is recovered, but the NLTFM results do not change significantly. Analyzing the dynamo excitation conditions for the coherent SC and incoherent α and SC effects shows that the incoherent effects are the main drivers of the dynamo in the majority of cases. We find no evidence for MSC-effect-driven dynamos in our simulations.
Testing Disk Identification Methods through Numerical Simulations of Protostellar Evolution
Authors: Aso Yusuke , Machida Masahiro N. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We test whether the radii of circumstellar disks can be reliably determined in observations by applying the results of a numerical simulation. First, we execute a core-collapse simulation, which starts from a rotating magnetized spherical core, and continue the calculation until the protostellar mass reaches 0.5 M
⊙. Then, for each set of simulation data, we calculate the radiative transfer to generate the data cube for the synthetic observation. The spatial and velocity resolutions of the synthetic observation are 0.″15 (20 au) and 0.1 km s−1, respectively. We define seven different disk radii. Four radii are estimated from the synthetic observation, using the continuum image, continuum visibility, C18O channel map, and C18O position–velocity (PV) diagram. The other three radii are taken from the simulation and use the disk rotation, infall motion, and density contrast around the protostar to identify the disk. Finally, we compare the disk radii estimated from the systemic observation with those from the simulation. We find that the disk radius defined using the PV diagram can reliably trace the Keplerian disk when the protostellar mass is larger than M
* ≳ 0.2 M
⊙, independent of the inclination angle to the line of sight. In addition, the PV diagram provides an accurate estimate of the central stellar mass through the whole protostellar evolution. The simulation also indicates that the circumstellar disk is massive enough to be gravitationally unstable through the evolution. Such an unstable disk can show either a circular or spiral morphology on a similar timescale.
A Population of Compact Radio Variables and Transients in the Radio-bright Zone at the Galactic Center Observed with the Jansky Very Large Array
Authors: Zhao Jun-Hui , Morris Mark R. , Goss W. M. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Using Jansky Very Large Array data obtained from high-resolution observations at 5.5 GHz at multiple epochs in 2014 and 2019, we have detected a population of radio variables and transients in the radio-bright zone at the Galactic center. With observations covering a sky area of 180 arcmin2 at an angular resolution of 0.″4, we report new detections of 110 Galactic center compact radio (GCCR) sources with a size of <1″. The flux densities of GCCR sources exceed 70 μJy, with at least 10σ significance. Among these sources, 82 are variable or transient and 28 are nonvariable. About 10% of them are expected to be extragalactic background sources. We discuss the possible astrophysical nature of the detected sources. As compared to the Galactic disk (GD) population of normal pulsars (NPs) and millisecond pulsars (MSPs), a majority (80%) of the GCCR sources appear to fall within the high flux density tail of the pulsar distribution, as extrapolated from a sample of NPs in the GD. However, MSPs extrapolated from the GD population are too weak to have contributed significantly to the GCCR population that has been detected. We also cross-correlated the GCCR sources with X-ray sources in Chandra X-ray catalogs and found that 42 GCCR sources have candidate X-ray counterparts. Most of the GCCR sources having X-ray counterparts are likely to be associated with unresolved or slightly resolved radio jets launched from X-ray binaries with a compact object, either a black hole or a neutron star.
The Star-forming Main Sequence and the Contribution of Dust-obscured Star Formation since z ∼ 4 from the Far-UV+IR Luminosity Functions
Authors: Rodríguez-Puebla Aldo , Avila-Reese Vladimir , Cano-Díaz Mariana , Faber S. M. , Primack Joel R. , Franco José , Aretxaga I. , Santiago-Mayoral Eder 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
An analytical approach is proposed to study the evolution of the star-forming galaxy (SFG) main sequence (MS) and the fraction of dust-obscured star formation (SF) up to z ∼ 4. Far-ultraviolet (FUV) and infrared (IR) star formation rates (SFRs) are described as conditional probability functions of M
*. We convolve them with the galaxy stellar mass function (GSMF) of SFGs to derive the FUV and IR luminosity functions (LFs). The two SF modes formalism is used to describe starburst galaxies. By fitting observed FUV and IR LFs, the parameterization of SFRFUV−M
* and SFRIR− M
* is constrained. Our derived SFRFUV+IR−M
* reproduces the evolution of the MS as compared to other observational inferences. At any redshift, we find that the sSFRFUV+IR–M
* relation for MS SFGs approaches a power law at the high-mass end. At lower masses, it bends, and eventually, the slope sign changes from negative to positive at very low masses. At z ∼ 0, this change of sign is at M
* ∼ 5 × 108
M
⊙, close to the dust-obscured SF regime, M
* ∼ 6 × 108
M
⊙. The slope sign change is related to the knee of the FUV LF. Our derived dust-obscured fractions agree with previous determinations at 0 ≤ z ≤ 2.5. Dust-obscured fractions depend strongly on mass with almost no dependence on redshift at z ≳ 1.2. At z ≲ 0.75, high-mass galaxies become more “transparent” compared to their high-redshift counterparts. On the other hand, low- and intermediate-mass galaxies have become more obscured by dust. The joint evolution of the GSMF and the FUV and IR LFs is a promising approach to study mass growth and dust formation/destruction mechanisms.
A Comparison of Psychological Readiness and Patient-Reported Function Between Sexes After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Kuenze Christopher , Bell David R. , Grindstaff Terry L. , Lisee Caroline M. , Birchmeier Thomas , Triplett Ashley , Pietrosimone Brian 
Published: December 2020

Context
Postoperative functional and return-to-sport outcomes after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) differ by sex. However, whether sex disparities are observed in patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) before return to sport after ACLR is unclear.

Objectives
To compare common PROMs between young men and women who had not yet returned to sport after ACLR.

Design
Cross-sectional study.

Setting
University laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants
Forty-five young men (age = 18.7 ± 2.7 years, time since surgery = 6.8 ± 1.4 months) and 45 women matched for age (±1 year) and time since surgery (±1 month; age = 18.8 ± 2.8 years, time since surgery = 6.9 ± 1.4 months) with ACLR participated.

Main Outcome Measure(s)
Participants completed the Tegner Activity Scale, ACL Return to Sport After Injury scale, Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia, International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) Subjective Knee Evaluation Score, and Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS). The PROMs were compared between men and women using Mann-Whitney U tests. Odds ratios were calculated to evaluate the odds of a male reporting a PROM value above the previously established normative value as compared with a female.

Results
Sex differences were present for the IKDC score (P = .01) and KOOS Pain score (P = .04) but not for the Tegner Activity Scale (P = .22), ACL Return to Sport After Injury scale score (P = .78), Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia score (P = .64), or other KOOS subscales (P values = .40 to .52). The odds of reporting values above normative levels differed only for the IKDC score (odds ratio = 2.72, 95% confidence interval = 1.16, 6.38).

Conclusions
After ACLR, young men and women reported similar levels of knee-related function, fear of movement, and readiness for return to sport and were equally likely to meet clinically meaningful normative values before return to sport. Overreliance on patient reports or objective functional outcomes in evaluating patient progress and readiness for return to sport after ACLR may limit clinicians in their ability to comprehensively evaluate and develop individualized interventional approaches that optimize patient outcomes.
Development and characterization of a nano-drug delivery system containing vasaka phospholipid complex to improve bioavailability using quality by design approach
Authors: Nandhini Sundaresan , Ilango Kaliappan 
Published: December 2020

Background and purpose:
Vasicine is a potential bronchodilator and can be used for the effective management of asthma and bronchitis. It has low absorption in the gastrointestinal tract due to its poor solubility thereby low bioavailability. The objective of this research was to develop a novel drug delivery system of vasaka extract to improve its bioavailability by enhancing the solubility and absorption of vasicine.

Experimental approach:
Vasaka-loaded phytosomes were developed and optimized by thin-layer hydration technique using systematic quality by design approach. Box-Behnken design (32 factorial design) using Design-Expert software was employed to optimize phytosome wherein phosphatidylcholine concentration (X1), stirring temperature (X2), and stirring time (X3) were selected as independent variables. Yield (%), particle size (nm), and entrapment efficiency (%) were evaluated as responses. The optimized phytosome was characterized by studying the surface morphology such as FE-SEM and TEM analysis, thermal characteristics by thermal gravimetric analysis and spectral and diffraction studies by FTIR and XRD analysis and studying the dissolution behaviour of phytosome by in vitro release study.

Findings/Results:
The percentage yield, particle size, and entrapment efficiency values of the phytosomes were found in the range of 30.03-97.03%, 231.0-701.4 nm, and 20.02-95.88% w/w, respectively. The optimized phytosome showed the zeta potential of -23.2 mV exhibited good stability and SEM and TEM analysis revealed the spherical shape and smooth particles with the uniform particle size distribution of phytosomes. The comparative in vitro drug release study of vasaka extract and phytosome revealed the sustained release characteristics of phytosome which reached 68.80% at 8 h compared to vasaka extract reached a maximum of 45.08% at 4 h.

Conclusion and implication:
The results highlighted the importance of optimization of formulation development using quality by design strategy to achieve consistent quality of pharmaceutical products.
Pediatric Glutaric Aciduria Type 1
Authors: Cornelius Leema P. , Raju Vivekasaravanan , Julin Asir 
Published: December 2020

Introduction:
Glutaric aciduria type I is an autosomal recessive disorder of lysine metabolism due to the defect of the enzyme glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase. The regression of milestones following an intercurrent infection with disabling dystonia is the common presentation. We report the clinical features, diagnosis, and management of 14 south Indian children with glutaric aciduria type I.

Results:
Males predominated the study (57.1%). The mean age of onset of the symptoms was 8.57 ± 3.57 months. The mean age at the time of diagnosis was 35.21 ± 48.31 months. The history of consanguinity was noted in 57.1%. Development was normal prior to the onset of acute crises in nearly three fourths. Acute crises triggered by infection followed by the regression of milestones was the major presenting feature in 10 children (71.4%). Macrocephaly was another prominent feature in an equal number. Bat's wing appearance (fronto temporal atrophy) was present in all children. Nearly 80% had moderate to severe disability in the form of dystonic movement disorder and spastic quadriparesis.

Conclusion:
Glutaric aciduria type Ihas to be identified and managed early to have a better outcome.
Plongements polyédraux tendus et nombre chromatique relatif des surfaces à bord
Authors: Jammes Pierre 
Published: December 2020

RésuméLe nombre chromatique relatif
$c_0(S)$
d’une surface compacte S à bord est défini comme la borne supérieure des nombres chromatiques des graphes plongés dans S avec tous leurs sommets sur
$\partial S$
. Cet invariant topologique a été introduit pour l’étude de la multiplicité de la première valeur propre de Steklov sur S. Dans cet article, on montre que
$c_0(S)$
est aussi pertinent pour l’étude des plongements polyédraux tendus de S en établissant deux résultats. Le premier est que s’il existe un plongement polyédral tendu de S dans
$\mathbb {R}^n$
qui n’est pas contenu dans un hyperplan, alors
$n\leq c_0(S)-1$
. Le second est que cette inégalité est optimale pour les surfaces de petit genre.