bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the mental health status and risk factors of the general population in Beijing, China: A cross-sectional study
Authors: XIE YUJIN , Shi Lei , Liu Ying , Liu Di , Jiao Yang , Yu Hong 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background This study sought to understand the mental health status of Beijing’s general population, analyze the risk factors that affect it, and provide a scientific basis for promoting the physical and mental health of the general population. Methods A cross-sectional design was used. Overall sampling was used to select 6,364 people who had undergone a physical examination from January to December 2018 and volunteered to participate in an assessment of their mental health. We used the SCL-90 to establish the current normal mental health model of the general population in Beijing. After using the PEM System to export and automatically generate Excel files, SPSS 19.00 was utilized for statistical analysis. Descriptive statistical analysis methods were used to analyze the mental health status of the respondents and the mean and standard deviation of each factor. A t-test was used to compare the mental health of the general population in Beijing with the Chinese norm in 1986. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of the mental health of the general population in Beijing. Results The average score of each factor of the SCL-90 in Beijing's general population was between 1.28 and 1.75, with no significant peaks. The scores of various factors in the general population in Beijing were relatively close, and their mental health remained stable. The analysis of the demographic variables of gender, education, age, marital status, and monthly income showed that monthly income ( β=-0.027, p<0.05) and gender ( β=-0.026,p<0.05) had significant effects on the SCL-90 score of the general population. Conclusion The mental health level of Beijing’s general population was lower than the Chinese norm in 1986. Male mental health problems were prominent and low-income people were prone to psychological problems. It is imperative to strengthen the construction of a mental health service system and standardized management among the Chinese population. Strengthening the popularization of mental health knowledge, guiding the Chinese population to cultivate a positive attitude, preventing bad attitudes, encouraging the use of scientific methods to deal with psychological behavioral problems, and early targeted measures can reduce the occurrence of serious psychological problems.
Body weight loss and associated factors among adults People living with HIV/AIDS on antiretroviral therapy in Shashemane referral Hospital, Oromia national regional state, Ethiopia: A facility based cross sectional Study
Authors: Bedassa Dedefo Bati , Gamebo Tsegaye Demissie , Teferi Dereje Yohannes 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: HIV/AIDS and under nutrition commonly manifested as body weight loss are both highly prevalent in many parts of the world. Their effects are interrelated and act in a vicious cycle. Both HIV and under nutrition can independently cause progressive damage to the immune system and increased susceptibility to infection. Ethiopia is one of the countries affected by both epidemics, despite, study done on acute under nutrition among HIV/AIDS adults in particular were found inadequate. Thus the main aim of this study is to assess the magnitude of acute under nutrition (weight loss within 3 months) and associated factors among people living with HIV/AIDS adults on ART in Shashemane referral Hospital. Methods: Facility based cross-sectional study conducted in shashemane referral Hospital Oromia region, Ethiopia from August 3 to September 4.2016. Systematic random sampling technique employed and 402 study participants were included. Data was collected by interview patients using pre-tested structured questionnaire, review of patients register, weight and height measurements were taken. The data were entered into Epi Info version 3.5.1 and analyzed using version 20 SPSS statistical package and percentages of body weight loss were calculated. Logistic regression analyses were carried out to identify factors associated with body weight loss of > 5% within three months. Strength of association determined using P< 0.05 and odd ratio (95% CI). Result: The magnitude body weight loss > 5% were 15.9% (95% CI; 12.4-19.7). Low CD4 level of less than 200mm3/ml (AOR=8.41,95% CI:3.46-20.44), inability to consume high protein diets like meat, egg & fish per week (AOR=2.97, 95% CI;1.39-6.35), low meal frequency of 2 or less per day (AOR=3.09,95% CI: 1.25-7.68) and low average income of 1000 birr per month (AOR=9.07,95% CI: 3.71-22.14) were significantly associated with Body weight loss of > 5% within 3 months with P<0.05. Conclusion: Body weight loss >5% within 3 months(acute under nutrition) is still a problem in people living with HIV/AIDS adults on ART, specifically among advanced immune compromised, low income, consumes less meal frequently per day and fewer or no consumption of animal product.
SPIF process of axisymmetric parts made of AA1060-H14 aluminum alloy tested on 2 axis-NC lathe machine
Authors: Lotfi Ben Said , Bouhamed Abir , Wali Mondher , Kolsi Lioua , Dammak Fakhreddine 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This paper deals with an experimental and numerical study focused on the SPIF process of a dome part manufactured by means of a 2-axis NC lathe machine. The main objective is to enhance the understanding of a set of parameters in connection with ISF operations applied to this type of machine unusually used in incremental forming processes, despite the high degree of development of NC lathe machines. Nowadays 4 and 5 axis lathe centers are widely used in industrial applications. This makes NC lathe machines useful in SPIF process especially in the case of axisymmetric parts. The present results, covering thinning, appearance of cracks, surface quality and FLD diagram; prove the efficiency of NC turning machines to perform SPIF application of parts commonly manufactured by a 3-axis NC milling machine.
Efficacy of Surgical Revascularizations in Young and Middle-aged Patients with Symptomatic Middle Cerebral Arterial Occlusion
Authors: Wang Mingze , Liu Xingju , Cao Yong , Zhang Yan , Zhao Yuanli , Zhang Dong , Wang Shuo , Zhao Jizong 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Treatments on middle cerebral arterial occlusions (MCAO) remain controversial. This study aims at investigating efficacies of surgical revascularizations in young and middle-aged patients (aged 18-65 y) with symptomatic MCAO, and making comparisons between surgical procedures.Methods: From a seven-year prospective consecutive registry, 115 cases were enrolled in this study. Patient individually received medical therapy alone (medical group, n=64) and medical therapy plus direct or indirect revascularization (surgical group, n=51). The secondary ischemic events (SIE) was defined as the primary outcome. SIE incidences and SIE-free survival rates were compared between groups. Risk factors were analyzed using the Cox regression analysis.Results: During a follow-up of 42.7 months on average, SIE occurred in 11cases of medical group and 10 cases of surgical group. SIE incidences were indifferent between groups (surgical:medical = 19.6%:17%, P=0.810, 95%CI 0.455-3.034). SIE incidences were 29.4% and 0% in direct revascularization subgroup and indirect revascularization subgroup, respectively. Indirect revascularization induced a higher SIE-free survival rate than direct revascularization (Log-rank P=0.015) and medical therapy (Log-rank P=0.044). An age>43y, with concomitant intracerebral arterial stenosis, and hyperlipidaemia history were correlated to the occurrence of SIE, while presences of compensatory arteries and taking antihypertensive drugs reduced risks of SIE.Conclusions: Indirect revascularization plus medical therapy was more effective on SIE prevention than both medical treatments alone and direct revascularization plus medical therapy in young and middle aged patients with symptomatic MCAO. Direct revascularization was not recommended, for its similar efficacy to medical therapy alone.
Floral biology and reproductive effort of andromonoecious Aesculus indica Wall. ex Camb. Hook (Hippocastanaceae)
Authors: Pradhan Priya , Sukumaran Arun , Khanduri Vinod Prasad 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background

Andromonoecious is an unusual sex-expression in trees; in which an individual plant bears both functionally staminate and hermaphrodite flowers on the inflorescences. The significant effects of crown layers on reproductive success have not been studied so far. This study aims to investigate the effect of crown layers on floral biology and reproductive effort of Aesculus indica.

Results

The results revealed that the peak period of peak period of anthesis was between 06:00-08:00 h of the day. Male flower production was predominantly higher as compared to the perfect flower on the inflorescence. There was no significant variation between total pollen production in staminate and perfect flowers. The features like protogyny and inter-level asynchrony promote xenogamy, however, the intra-level asynchrony resulted geitonogamy. Controlled pollination treatment revealed the existence of self-incompatibility in flowers. Pollination syndromes of flowers are supporting ambophily. A trend of consistent improvement in reproductive success from lower canopy layers to upper canopy layers in trees was recorded. The crown layers have a significant impact on flower production, fruit, and seed set.

Conclusions

Increment in male flower production due to the increment in crown is a mechanism of reproductive assurance as a pollen donor and pollinator recipient and also due to the differential cost of expenditure of reproduction in crown layers.
Anti-malarial Activity Of Phenolic Acids Is Structurally Related
Authors: Fordjour Prince A , Adjimani Jonathan P , Asare Bright , Duah-Quashie Nancy O , Quashie Neils B 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background

In the absence of an effective vaccine against malaria, chemotherapy remains a major option in the control of the disease. Then, the recent report of the emergence and spread of clones of Plasmodium falciparum resistant to available antimalarial drugs should be of concern as it poses a threat to disease control. Compounds whose pharmacological properties have been determined and touted for other disease can be investigated for antimalarial activity. Phenolic acids (polyphenols) have been reported to exhibit antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antiviral and antibiotic effects. However, information on their antimalarial activity is scanty. Phenolic acids are present in a variety of plant-based foods: mostly high in the skins and seeds of fruits as well as the leaves of vegetables. Systematic assessment of these compounds for antimalarial activity is therefore needed.

Method

Using the classical in vitro drug test, the antimalarial activities of five hydroxycinnamic acids, (caffeic acid, rosmarinic acid, chlorogenic acid, o-Coumaric acid and ferulic acid) and two hydroxybenzoic acids (gallic acid and protocatechuic acid) against 3D7 clones of Plasmodium falciparum was determined.

Results

Among the phenolic acids tested, caffeic acid and gallic acid were found to be the most effective, with mean IC 50 value of 17.73µg/ml and 26.59µg/ml respectively for three independent determinations. Protocatechuic acid had an IC 50 value of 30.08 µg/ml. Rosmarinic acid and chlorogenic acid, showed moderate antimalarial activities with IC 50 values of 103.59µg/ml and 105µg/ml respectively. The IC 50 values determined for ferulic acid and o-Coumaric acid were 93.36µg/ml and 82.23µg/ml respectively.

Conclusion

The outcome of this study suggest that natural occurring phenolic compounds have appreciable level of antimalarial activity which can be exploited for use through combination of actions/efforts including structural manipulation to attain an increase in their antimalarial effect. Eating of natural food products rich in these compounds could provide antimalarial prophylactic effect.
Optimal operative choice for displaced midshaft clavicle fractures in adolescents: a comparative study of intramedullary flexible nails and plating
Authors: Li Jin , Rai Saroj , Ze Renhao , Tang Xin , Liu Ruikang , Hong Pan 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Traditionally, operative treatment for displaced midshaft clavicle fractures in adolescents has been achieved by a plate and screws. However, a minimally invasive trend in most of the surgeries has led the pediatric orthopedic surgeons to use elastic stable intramedullary nail (ESIN) for displaced midshaft clavicle fractures. This study aims to compare the clinical outcomes of adolescent patients who were surgically treated with the (ESIN) and plate for displaced midshaft clavicle fractures.Methods: A total of 73 patients, aged between 10 years and 14 years, with displaced midshaft clavicle fractures were treated surgically from January 2014 to January 2018. Patients were categorized into two groups, ESIN (n = 45; male 27, female 18) and plate (n = 28; male17, female 11) according to surgical technique. The preoperative data, including baseline information of the patients, radiographic parameters, and types of surgical procedure, were collected from the hospital database. The postoperative data, including clinical outcome and complications, were collected during the follow-up visit. Clinical outcome was evaluated using the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES).Results: The average age of the patients in the ESIN group was 12.2±1.5 years, and that in the Plate group was 12.2±1.4 years. There was a significantly less operative time, reduced estimated blood loss (EBL), shortened hospital stay and smaller incision for ESIN group as compared to the Plate group (P<0.01). The rate of scar concern was much higher in plate (14/28, 50%) than ESIN (2/45, 4.4%) , (P <0.01). There was no statistically significant difference in shoulder function between the ESIN group (94.5±2.8) and the Plate group (95.1±2.7), P = 0.36. In all the cases, implant removal was performed between 4 and 12 months postoperatively, and the ESIN group had significantly less operative time, EBL and shortened hospital stay as compared to the plate for implant removal (P<0.01).Conclusion: Both the ESIN and Plate are safe and effective treatment methods for displaced midshaft clavicle fractures in adolescents. The ESIN is superior to plate in terms of shorter operative time, less intraoperative radiation exposure, shorter hospital stay, less scar concern and easier implant removals. However, ESIN for heavier kids remain cautious.
Air pollutants reinforce autism–like behavior in the VPA-Induced – rat model of autism
Authors: Emam Baharan , SHAHSAVANI ABBAS , Khodagholi Fariba , Hopke Philip K. , Abdollahifar Mohammad Amin , Hadei Mostafa , Mirbehbahani Seyed Hamidreza 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Studies reporting associations between ambient air pollution exposure and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have increased. Additionally, the effects of valproic acid (VPA) on ASD have been investigated. Pregnant women may have been simultaneously exposed to air pollution and antiepileptic drugs especially VPA. Thus, we hypothesized that simultaneous exposure to air pollution and valproic acid could reinforce ASD ̉s behaviors in male rats. The current in-vivo study investigated the dual effects of air pollution on the VPA-induced rat model of autism using molecular and behavioral experiments.Results: Seven exposure groups of rats included: 1) particulate matter and gaseous pollutants exposed - high dose of VPA (PGE-high), 2) particulate matter and gaseous pollutants exposed - low dose of VPA (PGE-low), 3) gaseous pollutants only exposed – high dose of VPA (GE-high), 4) gaseous pollutants only exposed –low dose of VPA (GE-low), 5) clean air exposed – high dose of VPA (CAE-high), 6) clean air exposed – low dose of VPA (CAE-low), 7) clean air exposed with no VPA injection (CAE). Rats were exposed to ambient PM2.5/gaseous pollutants from embryonic day (E0) to postnatal day (PND42). Exposures to air pollutants in PGE-high, PGE-low, GE-high and GE-low groups of rat increased the ASD behaviors including: poor locomotor activity, weaker exploration activity, impaired social interaction, communication, and repetitive/restricted behavior as well as decreased oxidative stress biomarkers like catalase (CAT) activity and GSH, and decreased level of oxytocin receptor (OXTR) compared to the negative control group (CAE) and the other two control group (CAE-low and CAE-high).Conclusions: This study suggested that simultaneous exposure to both air pollution and valproic acid contributed to ASD, and air pollution reinforces the mechanism of inducing ASD ̉s in VPA-induced –rat model of autism, and it has provided a future field of studies on the synergistic effects of air pollution
Neoantigen polypeptide vaccines induce effective antitumor response in colorectal cancer
Authors: Yu Yaojun , zhang jing , Ni Leyi , Zhu Yuesheng , Yu Hejie , Teng Yangyang , Lin Limiao , Xue Zhanxiong , Xue Xiangyang , Shen Xian , Song Haiping , Su Xiaoping , Sun Weihong , Cai Zhenzhai 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: The role of neoantigens in cancer immunotherapy is crucial. However, the effectiveness and safety of personalized neoantigen vaccines in colorectal cancer (CRC), especially in Chinese population, has not been well studied. This paper mainly explores the feasibility and effectiveness of personalized neoantigen vaccines in CRC treatment. Methods: Whole-exome sequencing and transcriptome sequencing were used to identify somatic mutations, RNA expression and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles. Neoantigens were predicted, and the immunogenicity of neoantigen candidates was evaluated by ELISPOT in vitro. To verify the immunogenicity in vivo, neoantigen candidates from HLA-A0201+PW11 were used to immunized female 6-8-week-old HLA-A2.1/Kb-transgenic (Tg) mice. Neoantigen-reactive T cells (NRTs) were induced by immunogenic peptides from autologous HLA-A2.1/Kb to adoptive transfer transgenic mice, and C57BL/6nu/nu mice were used for in vivo antitumor response assays.Results: Compared to medium alone (no peptide) or the unrelated peptide VSV-NP43-69, the neoantigens TSHZ3-L523P, RARA-R83H, TP53-R248W, EYA2-V333I and NRAS-G12D from Patient 4 (PW4); HAVCR2-F39V, SEC11A-R11L, TASP1-P161L, RAP1GAP-S215R, MOSPD1-V63I and NAV2-D1973N from Patient 10 (PW10); and SMPDL3B-T452M, LRFN3-R118Q and ULK1-S248L from Patient 11 (PW11) induced notable peptide-specific T cell responses. The results indicated that about half of the predicted neoantigens for all 3 patients can stimulate T cell responses and antitumor effects in CRC. In addition, predicted neoantigens from PW11 (HLA-A0201) showed promising antitumor efficacy in HLA-A2.1/Kb-Tg mice and tumor-bearing mouse models.Conclusion: With the application of next-generation sequencing (NGS) sequencing of patient specimens, neoantigen prediction and a rapid immunoassay system, an evaluation system utilizing in vitro studies and in vivo transgenic and tumor-bearing mouse models can be used to screen strong immunogenic neoantigens in CRC patients. Accurate identification of neoantigens with strong immunogenicity would promote personalized cancer vaccine development.
Urine&nbsp;nucleic acid test positive in an asymptomatic patient with&nbsp;novel coronavirus 2019 infection: a&nbsp;case report
Authors: Wang Yaoyong , Chang Xinjian , Ren Jianguo , Li Dongyan , Wang Changfei , Zhang Xiaofei , Wu Jianhua , Wang Ying , Tian Yao , Sun Yujing , Gao Yanwen , Zhang Qian 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background: With the emergence of coronavirus disease 2019 in many places around the world, the main medical resources currently focus on the treatment of confirmed patients and the screening of suspected cases. Asymptomatic patients are difficult to detect, but they may be contagious, which makes epidemic control more difficult. We found a case of asymptomatic patient with positive urine coronavirus nucleic acid test, and we hope to attract attention of all circles.Case presentation: An asymptomatic patient with novel coronavirus infection was found in an epidemiological investigation of patients with confirmed coronavirus disease 2019. The patient was admitted to the hospital on February 24, 2020. She had no clinical manifestations such as fever, dry cough, and fatigue, and no abnormal signs. The examination showed that her throat swab was negative for nucleic acid but the urine was positive for nucleic acid. She was given antiviral and symptomatic supportive treatment. On February 26, her throat swab was checked for nucleic acid positive. On March 3 and 5, her throat swab and urine nucleic acid were negative. On March 9 and 12, her throat swab nucleic acid were negative. The patient was discharged from the hospital on March 13 and continued to be isolated and observed outside the hospital. Follow-up was conducted on March 26, the patient did not have any discomfort, the throat swab nucleic acid test was negative, and the isolation was lifted.Conclusion: There are asymptomatic patients with coronavirus disease 2019, and their urine may be one of the sources of infection.
Interdependence of flow and pipe characteristics in transient induced contamination intrusion: numerical analysis
Authors: Keramat Alireza , Payesteh Milad , Brunone Bruno , Meniconi Silvia 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Contaminant intrusion in pipelines during transients is a remarkable mechanism, which leads to a decline in the quality of the contained water. The negative pressure of water hammer pressure waves is the trigger for the suction of pollution from the surrounding leak area, and hence deteriorating water quality. The volume of contamination intruded into the pipeline is investigated using mathematical and numerical modeling of the phenomenon. To elucidate this phenomenon in real pipe systems, the intrusion amount is estimated for 72 different scenarios including: two lengths of pipeline (i.e. short and long), three different leak locations, three different fluid velocities in the pipe, two leak diameters and two pipeline materials (elastic and viscoelastic). The results showed that the amount of intrusion in viscoelastic pipes was clearly less than that in elastic pipes, especially in long pipelines. The critical zone of high intrusion risk is identified close to the downstream valve for small leak sizes, nevertheless, it is difficult to estimate this zone in the case of large leaks due to significant interactions between nodal components (valve, leak, reservoir).