bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Toward Understanding the Value of Missing Social Determinants of Health Data in Care Transition Planning
Authors: Feldman Sue S. , Davlyatov Ganisher , Hall Allyson G. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background Social determinants of health play an important role in the likelihood of readmission and therefore should be considered in care transition planning. Unfortunately, some social determinants that can be of value to care transition planners are missing in the electronic health record. Rather than trying to understand the value of data that are missing, decision makers often exclude these data. This exclusion can lead to failure to design appropriate care transition programs, leading to readmissions.
Objectives This article examines the value of missing social determinants data to emergency department (ED) revisits, and subsequent readmissions.
Methods A deidentified data set of 123,697 people (18+ years), with at least one ED visit in 2017 at the University of Alabama at Birmingham Medical Center was used. The dependent variable was all-cause 30-day revisits (yes/no), while the independent variables were missing/nonmissing status of the social determinants of health measures. Logistic regression was used to test the relationship between likelihood of revisits and social determinants of health variables. Moreover, relative weight analysis was used to identify relative importance of the independent variables.
Results Twelve social determinants were found to be most often missing. Of those 12, only “lives with” (alone or with family/friends) had higher odds of ED revisits. However, relative logistic weight analysis suggested that “pain score” and “activities of daily living” (ADL) accounted for almost 50% of the relevance for ED revisits when compared among all 12 variables.
Conclusion In the process of care transition planning, data that are documented are factored into the care transition plan. One of the most common challenges in health services practice is to understand the value of missing data in effective program planning. This study suggests that the data that are not documented (i.e., missing) could play an important role in care transition planning as a mechanism to reduce ED revisits and eventual readmission rates.
Development and Evaluation of a Fully Automated Surveillance System for Influenza-Associated Hospitalization at a Multihospital Health System in Northeast Ohio
Authors: Burke Patrick C. , Shirley Rachel Benish , Raciniewski Jacob , Simon James F. , Wyllie Robert , Fraser Thomas G. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background Performing high-quality surveillance for influenza-associated hospitalization (IAH) is challenging, time-consuming, and essential.
Objectives Our objectives were to develop a fully automated surveillance system for laboratory-confirmed IAH at our multihospital health system, to evaluate the performance of the automated system during the 2018 to 2019 influenza season at eight hospitals by comparing its sensitivity and positive predictive value to that of manual surveillance, and to estimate the time and cost savings associated with reliance on the automated surveillance system.
Methods Infection preventionists (IPs) perform manual surveillance for IAH by reviewing laboratory records and making a determination about each result. For automated surveillance, we programmed a query against our Enterprise Data Vault (EDV) for cases of IAH. The EDV query was established as a dynamic data source to feed our data visualization software, automatically updating every 24 hours.To establish a gold standard of cases of IAH against which to evaluate the performance of manual and automated surveillance systems, we generated a master list of possible IAH by querying four independent information systems. We reviewed medical records and adjudicated whether each possible case represented a true case of IAH.
Results We found 844 true cases of IAH, 577 (68.4%) of which were detected by the manual system and 774 (91.7%) of which were detected by the automated system. The positive predictive values of the manual and automated systems were 89.3 and 88.3%, respectively.Relying on the automated surveillance system for IAH resulted in an average recoup of 82 minutes per day for each IP and an estimated system-wide payroll redirection of $32,880 over the four heaviest weeks of influenza activity.
Conclusion Surveillance for IAH can be entirely automated at multihospital health systems, saving time, and money while improving case detection.
Transcriptome-wide analysis of PGC-1α–binding RNAs identifies genes linked to glucagon metabolic action
Authors: Tavares Clint D. J. , Aigner Stefan , Sharabi Kfir , Sathe Shashank , Mutlu Beste , Yeo Gene W. , Puigserver Pere 
Published: August 2020

Significance
Glucagon action in liver is a central response to fasting and type 2 diabetes. Glucagon action has been delineated through regulatory mechanisms involving signaling, transcription factor/coactivator-based gluconeogenic gene expression, and metabolic enzyme activity. Understanding the molecular mechanisms whereby glucagon controls energy metabolism will define new strategies and potential therapies to treat metabolic diseases. Here, we have identified a regulatory mechanism whereby PGC-1α, a known transcriptional regulator of glucagon action, binds RNAs linked to glucose energy metabolism. PGC-1α represents a class of RNA-binding proteins that act as a transcriptional coactivator through transcription factor binding, but also binds to RNA sequences to control specific mRNA transcripts encoding for metabolic and bioenergetic genes.
ERPP provision in the UK
Authors: Walková Milada 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This paper attempts to map the territory of ERPP, both in terms of pedagogical theory and its practical application, in the United Kingdom. The aim of the paper is threefold. First, the paper reviews specific challenges of researchers writing in English as their additional language and working in ‘periphery’ countries. Second, based on the review and working within the framework of critical pragmatic EAP (Harwood & Hadley, 2004), the paper proposes five ingredients of a comprehensive ERPP curriculum, namely (a) publication process, (b) language and rhetorical conventions of ERPP genres, (c) writing for an international audience, (d) collaboration, and (e) sharing research outcomes. Taken together, these develop not only Kwan’s (2010) four competences for research publication, but also three additional competences for ERPP proposed here – collaborative competence, outreach competence and competence in building resilience. Finally, the paper discusses ERPP provision available at the Russell Group universities in the UK and evaluates it against the proposed curriculum, highlighting examples of good teaching practice and areas for further pedagogical development.
On Board Intelligence for Public Transportation in Developing Countries using IoT
Authors: Rehman A , Mumtaz T 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This study is carried out for indigenous development of an ITS (Intelligent Transportation System) device aimed particularly for public transport buses in the developing countries with poor infrastructure and unaccountable transportation services. The developed system uses IoT technology, extendable hardware and open source software in order to achieve commercial scalability by government and transportation authorities in such countries. The proposed device essentially collects and store data from the bus fleet and communicates the information to a central server from which software applications for passengers and transport operators are developed accordingly. The device functionality is divided into three categories which are Environment Sensing, Vehicle Management and Safety. The acquired dataset can be used to produce useful insights that can benefit the social and commercial sector of the city. Analytics such as fuel consumption, vehicle health, predicting driver behaviour, forecasting of rush-hours and vehicle maintenance requirements can be estimated. The device is packaged into a box with proper considerations of reliability in terms of power, weather proofing, storage and cabling. The proposed device will allow the passengers, especially in developing cities, to plan their journeys ahead of time and provide a holistic decision support system to the transport authorities.
Self-cleaning of glass surface to maximize the PV cell efficiency
Authors: Ayaz Adnan , Ahmad Hussain , Ahmad Faraz , Khan Ahmad , hasnain Tarmazi S. M. , Gul Rizwan M. , saher Saim 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Photovoltaic (PV) modules are widely used for harnessing solar energy which ensure maximum output when their glass surface is clean. However, PV modules are open to dust, grime and other contaminations which get deposited on their surface causing reduction in transmittance and hence their efficiency reduces. It is therefore required to clean the glass surface of PV modules time to time either manually by labor or using some special arrangements such as automated systems. However, these techniques are either laborious or require extra energy. Therefore, another solution to offset such complications is to use chemical coatings which ensure self-cleaning of glass surface by increasing water contact angle. In the present study, two types of water repellent chemicals (such as trimethylchlorosilane and hexamethyldisilazane) have been used to coat the glass surface using dip coating technique. The performance of such coated glass slides has been investigated using some important characterization techniques, such as finding transmittance by spectrophotometer and measuring water contact angle using a high resolution camera. Moreover, the self-cleaning effect has been observed using a microbalance to measure dust on coated glass exposed to open atmosphere and compared with uncoated glass. The results revealed that these coatings have increased the water contact angle up to 149% which reduces friction between the glass surface and water droplets. Moreover, the friction reduction helps in mobility of water droplets which in turn can easily carry out dust along with them, thus improving the efficiency of PV module.
Cost-effective, Reliable, and Precise Surface Mount Device (SMD) on PCBs
Authors: Iftikhar B , Malik M M , Hadi S , Wajid O , Farooq M N , Rehman M M , Hassan A K 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Automated Pick-and-Place (P&P) machines offer a new prospective for the assembly of Surface Mount Devices (SMDs) on Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs), owing to their advantages of time-effectiveness and precision. SMDs are widely used to improve production efficiency and reduce common defects. However, these machines are quite expensive and not easily available for the local market. This study is based on the design of a P&P machine model that incorporates principles of machine learning theory. The model has been developed in such a way that it can be introduced to the local market in a more cost-effective manner without compromising on its precision and accuracy.
Stress Analysis of Composite Leaf Spring – Comparative Approach
Authors: Malik Sheharyar , Afaq Kamran S. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Automobile manufacturers are focusing on weight reduction for saving natural resources and enhancing the fuel efficiency; automobiles are sharing almost half of the world’s fuel consumption and a major source of pollution, thus reducing the weight will directly result in the reduction of fuel consumption. The leaf spring is one of the main candidates for the weight reduction in an automobile as they still holds the worth although many shocks absorbing devices are in the market these days. This paper is aimed to present the comparative study of steel and composite leaf spring with the later type having the same geometrical characteristics of steel leaf spring. Validations are carried out by modelling leaf spring on ANSYS & comparing it with analytical results. The results showed that the stresses in composite leaf spring are 64.8% lower than the stresses in the steel leaf spring for the same geometrical characteristics. The results for deflections showed also good agreement with analytical results and a decrement of 51.3% is found for composite leaf spring. The proposed methodology helps us to reduce the weight of leaf spring by approximately 74.39% without compromising on allowable stresses and thus also increasing the strain energy of the particular leaf spring.
Performance of statistical control tools in identifying the defect on plunger- A review
Authors: Aravindhan N. , Chidambaranathan BIBIN , Rokesh D. , Jagadesh D. , Pravin S. , Ramkumar N. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we carried out a study to upsurge the brilliance of the plungers used in the braking system. The main focus has been taken on various defects that occur in the plungers during manufacturing. In this work, we analyzed the types of defects that transpire in the plunger. The foremost issue is acknowledged using tools like Pareto graphic representation, root and effect diagram, Failure Mode and Effect Analysis, Trend Analysis and Control chart. We identified more frequently occurring defects and major causes and effects of these defects in plungers. Based on the result of the analysis, interpretation measures are taken to overcome the defects of the plungers that will help to improve the overall efficiency of the brake system in vehicles.
Implementation of on-demand low rate wireless parameter monitoring system for industrial machineries.
Authors: Shrivastava Riya , Kodnani Jigyasa , Gupta Samridhi , Mehta Dakshta , Raja Singh R. , Meikandasivam S. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Systematic and rigorous monitoring of critical equipment is the cornerstone of any successful preventive management system in the industrial environment. Recent developments in cost-effective wireless sensor network (WSN) technologies promising a wider and more sustainable deployment of distributed sensing and processing infrastructure. In this research work, it is mainly focused on the electrical monitoring parameter and enable remote switching devices for optimal power management systems using ZigBee. This paper proposes a digital system for electrical system parameters such as voltage and current using ZigBee-based wireless sensor networks (WSNs). The main feature of ZigBee protocol, to act as a communicable medium between transmitter and receiver modules, which is suitable for the industrial environment.
Fossil evidence from South America for the diversification of Cunoniaceae by the earliest Palaeocene
Authors: Jud Nathan A , Gandolfo Maria A 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackground and AimsCunoniaceae are woody plants with a distribution that suggests a complex history of Gondwanan vicariance, long-distance dispersal, diversification and extinction. Only four out of ~27 genera in Cunoniaceae are native to South America today, but the discovery of extinct species from Argentine Patagonia is providing new information about the history of this family in South America.MethodsWe describe fossil flowers collected from early Danian (early Palaeocene, ~64 Mya) deposits of the Salamanca Formation. We compare them with similar flowers from extant and extinct species using published literature and herbarium specimens. We used simultaneous analysis of morphology and available chloroplast DNA sequences (trnL–F, rbcL, matK, trnH–psbA) to determine the probable relationship of these fossils to living Cunoniaceae and the co-occurring fossil species Lacinipetalum spectabilum.Key ResultsCunoniantha bicarpellata gen. et sp. nov. is the second species of Cunoniaceae to be recognized among the flowers preserved in the Salamanca Formation. Cunoniantha flowers are pentamerous and complete, the anthers contain in situ pollen, and the gynoecium is bicarpellate and syncarpous with two free styles. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that Cunoniantha belongs to crown-group Cunoniaceae among the core Cunoniaceae clade, although it does not have obvious affinity with any tribe. Lacinipetalum spectabilum, also from the Salamanca Formation, belongs to the Cunoniaceae crown group as well, but close to tribe Schizomerieae.ConclusionsOur findings highlight the importance of West Gondwana in the evolution of Cunoniaceae during the early Palaeogene. The co-occurrence of C. bicarpellata and L. spectabilum, belonging to different clades within Cunoniaceae, indicates that the diversification of crown-group Cunoniaceae was under way by 64 Mya.
Platypus
Authors: Jackson Rob 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Enriching BioScience's role as a Forum for Integrating the Life Sciences, Arts in Science provides an occasional venue for poems, visual art, and other forms of artistic expression that explore and enliven our understanding of life. Through the contributions in this section, we hope to share with our readers the passion for nature that science inspires.
This contribution is from Rob Jackson, professor, Earth System Science; Senior Fellow, Stanford Woods Institute for the Environment; and Senior Fellow, Precourt Institute for Energy, at Stanford University, in California.
Impurity Profiling of a Novel Anti-MRSA Antibacterial Drug: Alalevonadifloxacin
Authors: Patil Kiran R , Rane Vipul P , Ahirrao Vinod K , Yeole Ravindra D 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAlalevonadifloxacin (ALA, formerly described as WCK 2349) is a novel antibacterial drug developed to treat infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria. The current study was aimed to identify and quantify impurities in ALA. Mass spectrometry (MS) compatible reverse phase liquid chromatographic method was developed to identify the impurities in ALA. Three impurities were identified based on the molecular ion peak and their product ions. These impurities were synthesized and characterized using MS and nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry. However, this method was unable to resolve the diastereomeric impurity, which is likely to be formed during synthesis. Therefore, another method was developed using YMC Chiral NEA-[S] as a chiral stationary phase and validated for quantification of all impurities including diastereomeric impurity. The developed method was employed for quality control and stability studies of the ALA drug substance used in pre-clinical and clinical studies.
Wireworm (Coleoptera: Elateridae) Species Composition and Management in Sweet Potato Grown in North Florida Using Chemical Insecticides and Entomopathogenic Nematodes
Authors: Seal Dakshina R , Baniya Anil B , Dyrdahl-Young Ruhiyyih , Hochmuth Robert C , Leppla Norman C , Fenneman Daniel K , Broughton Rhoda (De) T , DiGennaro Peter 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWireworms are immature stages of click beetles (Coleoptera: Elateridae) and are considered a serious threat to sweet potato production in the southern United States. The major wireworm species collected in North Florida sweet potato fields in 2017 and 2018 were Conoderus scissus, C. rudis, C. amplicollis, and C. falli. These species vary in their behavior and biology. During a 2-yr study period, we conducted two insecticide field trials using eleven insecticides belonging to organophosphates, neonicotinoids, pyrethroids, and botanical classes, and three field trials using entomopathogenic nematode (EPN) species to control wireworms. In 2017, all insecticide treatments significantly reduced new feeding holes and total holes (old + new + other) as compared to the untreated control. In 2018, the result was similar with a few variations. In both years, all insecticides showed a percentage reduction in wireworm damage holes (2017: 34.88–96.19%; 2018: 12.38–97.02%) with the highest by Regent. In the EPN field study, one application of EPN near planting significantly reduced soil insects. In a laboratory study conducted at the Tropical Research and Education Center, UF-IFAS, chlorpyrifos caused higher percentage mortality of C. rudis (55.5%) than C. scissus (22.2%). At the present experiment rates, none of the insecticides caused the mortality of C. amplicollis. Heterorhabditids strain ‘FL-2122’ was more susceptible to chlorpyrifos than other strains of EPN.
Tories and the Language of ‘Liberalism’ in the 1820s
Authors: Craig David 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This article reconsiders the problem of ‘liberal Toryism’ in the 1820s not by looking at the government’s policies, but instead at the very ‘liberal’ language through which they were expressed. It argues that an existing domestic language of ‘liberality’—which was associated with religious toleration and with freer trade—was quite distinct from the new political movements on the Continent. Canning and Huskisson used this well-established, and generally well-esteemed, language to enhance and extend their appeal to ‘public opinion’. However, many Tories were coming to view this terminology with increased suspicion in the aftermath of the Revolutions of 1820. The article stresses the way that the Tory press popularised a negative typology of the ‘liberal system’ which ran together religious, economic and foreign affairs, and depicted Canning and Huskisson as ‘theorists’ content to ruin the moral fibre and economic health of the nation in quest of an abstract metaphysics. By 1826 ‘liberal’ and ‘illiberal’ were increasingly seen as distinct positions that could not be bridged. Although Canning’s brief ministry was not able to bring about a reconfiguration of parties, the final years of decade saw a clear sense among many Tories that ‘liberalism’ was a powerful threat to traditional religious, political and economic practices.
HEART VALVE DISEASESP1 SEX AND GENDER DIFFERENCES IN TAVI PATIENTS: FROM CLINICAL PRESENTATION TO PROCEDURAL OUTCOMES
Authors: Quagliana A , Grego S , Pasotti E , Araco M , Moccetti M , Pedrazzini G , Moccetti T 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background
The epidemiological impact of aortic stenosis has recently grown, and indications to valvular treatment have changed substantially with the implementation in clinical practice of TAVI procedures. Significant differences according to patients’ sex are likely to be related to different biological features, but the undelrying mechanisms haven’t been verified yet.

Aims and Methods
We collected from the SwissTAVI Registry the available data about 373 subjects who where consecutively treated in Cardiocentro Ticino with a TAVI procedure over the last 10 years. We compared two subgroups of female (n = 161, age 83.5±5.4 yrs) and male (n = 212, age 82.3±5.9 yrs) patients in terms of severity indices of the disease (residual valve area and transvalvular gradients). The same parameters were measured after the procedure with a quantitative estimation of eventual post-procedural paravalvular leaks.

Results
As previously reported, female patients showed significantly higher transvalvular mean gradients at baseline (48.02±16.0 vs. 42.9±14.8 mmHg; P = 0.004) on smaller resudual valve areas (0.66±0.18 vs. 0.77±0.19 cm2; P &lt; 0.001). TAVI procedures were equally efficient in both sex, restoring similar valve areas and gradients, but paravalvular leaks were more frequent and significant in females (F vs. M no leak 44.5 vs. 55.3%, mild 47.7 vs. 42.7%, moderate 6.5 vs. 1.5%, severe 1.3 vs. 0.5%; overall P = 0.037).

Conclusions
Sex-related differences are only partially described and their substrate is not clear. Female patients are known to be more prone to bleedings and cerebrovascular accidents, but our data show that also paravalvular leaks could be more common and significant in comparison to males. A detailed analysis of the anatomy of the aortic outflow and of the valvular deterioration in aortic stenosis is required and is the aim of the second phase of this study. Understanding sex-related characteristics underlying these discrepancies can potentially improve TAVI technologies towards a further customization of prosthetic devices.