bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CD73 Is Enriched in Cutaneous Carcinomas That Invade the Orbit
Authors: Wladis Edward J. , Weller Brandon , Adam Alejandro P. 
Published: November 2019

Purpose:
To compare the expression of CD73 in indolent nodular basal cell carcinomas and cutaneous lesions that invade the orbit.

Methods:
Immunohistochemical staining for CD73 was performed on nodular basal cell carcinomas and invasive basal cell carcinomas. The numbers of positively staining cells were counted across 5 consecutive ×40 microscopic fields, and a statistical comparison was performed via a dedicated computerized software package.

Results:
Ten control specimens and 11 invasive tumors were analyzed. In nodular basal cell carcinomas, the mean number of positively staining cells was 0.72/×40 field (standard deviation = 0.80 cells/×40 field), whereas invasive tumors demonstrated a mean of 6.53 positive staining cells/×40 field (standard deviation = 3.33 cells/×40 field). This difference was statistically significant (p = 0.0002).

Conclusions:
CD73 is enriched in orbital invasion of cutaneous carcinomas. This checkpoint may represent an important target for therapeutic management of these lesions. Immunotherapeutic agents that have been designed to treat other neoplasms may decrease the requirement for orbital exenteration in this clinical scenario.
Diffuse Nonresolving Violaceous Plaques
Authors: Mitri Andia , Vaudreuil Adam , Lake Eden 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT
This is a case of a patient presenting with nonresolving violaceous plaques for over 12 years of duration. In addition to the skin findings, the patient notes progressive arthropathy and nail changes. A multiple-choice question is presented, and readers will be challenged to diagnose this patient based on the case presentation, symptoms, and patient history. An answer is given followed by a discussion of the diagnosis, clinical features, and therapeutic management.
Candida Infections in Clinical Trials of Ixekizumab (Taltz), an Interleukin-17A Monoclonal Antibody, in Patients With Psoriasis or Psoriatic Arthritis
Authors: Bobonich Margaret , Young Melodie S. , Parker Patti A. , Xu Wen , Ridenour Terri L. 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT
Interleukin-17 mediates immunity against pathogens such as Candida. Ixekizumab, an anti-interleukin-17A antibody, showed efficacy treating psoriasis (PsO) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Detailed here are Candida infections from 11 PsO and three PsA ixekizumab studies.
Overall, patients received 80-mg ixekizumab every 2 or 4 weeks for 12 weeks (PsO) or 24 weeks (PsA) and then every 4 weeks. Candida (high-level term), six Candida subcategories (oral, vulvovaginal, skin, esophageal, nail, and unspecific), and four fungal infections (esophagitis, oral, oropharyngitis, and vulvovaginal mycotic) were included. Patients were counted once per category for multiple events.
Analysis included 5,689 patients with PsO (12,061.5 patient-years of exposure, median exposure = 883 days) and 1,118 patients with PsA (1,373.4 patient-years of exposure, median exposure = 309 days). Overall, Candida infections were low and occurred in 4.4% (PsO incidence rate = 2.1) and 3.1% (PsA incidence rate = 2.5); most were mild or moderate in severity. The average duration of moderate and mild Candida ranged from 33 to 105 days. Most Candida infections were single events, 74% and 91%, with median onset of 328 and 146 days for PsO and PsA, respectively. Five patients (four with PsO and one with PsA) were reported to have a severe infection. Oral, skin, and vulvovaginal Candida were the most frequently reported Candida infections.
Use of 5-Fluorouracil “Chemowraps” as a Method of Field Therapy for Actinic Keratosis and Adjunctive Therapy for Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Heath Christopher , Zito Patrick M. 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT
Drugs are medications or substances that are used to modify physiologic responses and alleviate associated symptoms. In dermatology, medications and substances are utilized on a daily basis and include topical treatments to anesthetics in micrographic surgery to biologic-acting immunologic agents. The purposes of this section are to focus on drug, specifically how it works and how it is utilized, and to discuss routine alternatives (if available). In this column, we will focus on the uses, mechanism of action, adverse effects, and alternatives of 5-fluorouracil used in chemowraps for actinic keratoses and squamous cell carcinoma.
Military Environmental Exposure Concerns, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, and Somatic Symptoms: Their Interrelation Among Treatment-Seeking Veterans
Authors: LaRocca Michael A. , Ashford John W. , Katz Ronit B. , Furst Ansgar J. 
Published: November 2019

Objective:
Research suggests military environmental exposure concerns are associated with negative health outcomes. This study investigated the relationship among exposure concerns, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), and somatic symptoms to enhance post-deployment health care programs for veterans.

Methods:
We analyzed intake health data from a heterogeneous sample of predominantly Operation Desert Storm/Shield and Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF)/Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) veterans (N = 247).

Results:
Individual exposure concerns and somatic symptoms were associated with higher PTSD symptom severity. Regression modeling demonstrated total exposure concerns and PTSD symptom severity linked with total somatic symptom severity. Mediation modeling revealed PTSD symptom severity to partially explain the relation between exposure concerns and somatic symptoms.

Conclusions:
These findings illustrate the need for integrative treatment approaches incorporating physiological and exposure-related concerns associated with PTSD among veterans.
Descriptive Epidemiology of Gradual Return to Work for Workers With a Work-Acquired Musculoskeletal Disorder in British Columbia, Canada
Authors: Maas Esther T. , Koehoorn Mieke , McLeod Christopher B. 
Published: November 2019

Objective:
This study investigates the injury, socio-demographic, workplace, and temporal characteristics related with gradual return to work (RTW) among workers with a work-acquired musculoskeletal disorder in British Columbia, Canada.

Methods:
Accepted workers’ compensation lost-time claims were extracted between 2010 and 2015 (n = 141,490). A multivariable logistic regression model was used to analyze the determinants of Gradual RTW.

Results:
Within 1 year after injury, 41.0% of workers had at least 1 day of Gradual RTW. Serious injury severity, female sex, increasing age, wage, and firm size, longer sickness absence, and recent previous claims increased the proportion of workers being provided with Gradual RTW.

Conclusion:
Consideration of injury, socio-demographic, workplace, and temporal variability in the provision of Gradual RTW can identify inequalities in the provision and increase effective use of Gradual RTW for workers with musculoskeletal disorders.
Experiences of Healthcare in Australia's Workers’ Compensation Schemes
Authors: Gray Shannon E. , Collie Alex 
Published: November 2019

Objective:
To determine personal, injury, and scheme factors are associated with experiencing stressful healthcare provider (HCP) interactions, and to determine impact of stressful HCP interactions on return to work (RTW).

Methods:
Using the 2018 National RTW Survey of 4574 injured workers that submitted a workers’ compensation claim, multivariable logistic regression determined factors associated with stressful HCP interactions (recorded as “a bit stressful” to “extremely stressful”) and RTW (self-reported yes/no at interview).

Results:
Workers claiming for mental illness, who found healthcare difficult to access, who consulted with multiple HCPs, and who experienced psychological or financial stress, were significantly more likely to experience stressful HCP interactions. Stressful HCP interactions were associated with lower odds of RTW.

Conclusions:
Findings provide impetus to investigate why HCP interactions are stressful to enable efforts to reduce stress, possibly improving RTW outcomes.
Can Workplace Rest Breaks Prevent Work-Related Injuries Related to Long Working Hours?
Authors: Park Sungjin , Lee Wanhyung , Lee June-Hee 
Published: November 2019

Objective:
This study examined the relationship between long working hours, rest breaks, and work-related injuries.

Methods:
A total of 25,439 employees were examined from the 4th Korean Working Conditions Survey. Rest breaks were divided into two groups and working hours were divided into four groups. Multiple logistic regression was conducted to estimate the relationship between long working hours, rest breaks, and work-related injuries.

Results:
Work-related injuries were significantly associated with long working hours. Stratified by rest breaks, the risk of work-related injuries increased with increasing working hours in a dose–response pattern among those with insufficient rest breaks, while the risk was not significant among those with sufficient rest breaks.

Conclusion:
It is important to provide sufficient rest breaks to prevent work-related injuries among workers with long working hours.
Does a Delay in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Increase the Incidence of Secondary Pathology in the Knee? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Matthewson Graeme , Kooner Sahil , Rabbani Rasheda , Gottschalk Tania , Old Jason , Abou-Setta Ahmed M. , Zarychanski Ryan , Leiter Jeff , MacDonald Peter 
Published: November 2019

Objective:
Previous systematic reviews looking at timing of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) examined the functional outcomes and range of motion; however, few have quantified the effect of timing of surgery on secondary pathology. The goal of this study was to analyze the effects of early ACLRs versus delayed ACLR on the incidence of meniscal and chondral lesions.

Data Sources:
We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CINAHL on March 20, 2018, for randomized control trials (RCTs) that compared early and delayed ACLR in a skeletally mature population. Two reviewers independently identified trials, extracted trial-level data, performed risk-of-bias assessments using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool, and evaluated the study methodology using the Detsky scale. A meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model with the primary outcome being the total number of meniscal and chondral lesions per group.

Results:
Of 1887 citations identified from electronic and hand searches, we included 4 unique RCTs (303 patients). We considered early reconstruction as <3 weeks and delayed reconstruction as >4 weeks after injury. There was no evidence of a difference between early and late ACLR regarding the incidence of meniscal [relative risk (RR), 0.98; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.74-1.29] or chondral lesions (RR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.59-1.29), postoperative infection, graft rupture, functional outcomes, or range of motion.

Conclusions:
We found no evidence of benefit of early ACLR. Further studies may consider delaying surgery even further (eg, >3 months) to determine whether there are any real benefits to earlier reconstruction.
Comparison of the Stanford ECG Left Atrial Criteria With the International ECG Criteria for Sports Screening
Authors: Hock Julia , Wheeler Matthew , Singh Tamanna , Ha Le Dung , Hadley David , Froelicher Victor 
Published: November 2019

Objective:
Because the International left atrial enlargement electrocardiographic (ECG) screening criteria (ECG-LAE) for athletes are rarely fulfilled in young athletes, we compared it with evidence-based criteria from a recent clinical outcome study of ECG left atrial abnormality (ECG-LAA).

Design:
Retrospective analyses.

Setting:
Routine preparticipation ECG screening in California.

Participants:
Four thousand four hundred thirty-eight young individuals (18.5 ± 5.4 years, 40% women).

Assessment of Risk Factors:
The International criteria for ECG-LAE were applied: prolonged P wave duration of ≥120 ms in leads I or II AND negative portion of ≥1 mm in depth in lead V1. This was compared with Stanford criteria for ECG-LAA: prolonged P wave duration of ≥140 ms odds ratio (OR) negative portion in V1 and V2 greater than 1 mm.

Main Outcome Measures:
Differences in the classification of abnormal ECGs between the 2 criteria applied to the same population of young athletes.

Results:
Only 33 (0.7%) of our subjects fulfilled the International criteria for ECG-LAE while 110 (2.5%) fulfilled the ECG-LAA criteria. Adding our new ECG-LAA criterion and considering it a major criterion raised the abnormal ECG prevalence and athletes referred for further evaluation from 2.9% to 4.4%.

Conclusions:
The Stanford evidence-based criterion for ECG-LAA incorporating V2 and replacing “or” for “and” regarding P wave duration increased the yield of abnormal classification for P waves. Future follow-up studies are needed to confirm that this new criterion should be included in future ECG screening consensus documents.
Multiple Treatment Comparisons for Large and Massive Rotator Cuff Tears: A Network Meta-analysis
Authors: Maillot Cédric , Martellotto Alice , Demezon Hugues , Harly Edouard , Le Huec Jean-Charles 
Published: November 2019

Background:
There is no consensus about the best choice between all the options available for large and massive rotator cuff tear (mRCTs) management.

Objective:
To determine the comparative effectiveness of current treatment options for management of large and mRCTs.

Design:
Network meta-analysis.

Setting:
We searched the Cochrane systematic reviews, MEDLINE and EMBASE databases for all trials of adults with large and mRCTs that report preoperative and postoperative functional scores after an intervention option.

Patients:
The network meta-analysis included 20 trials with 1233 patients with 37.24 months follow-up.

Interventions:
Eight treatment options for management of large and mRCTs were compared.

Main Outcome Measures:
The primary effectiveness outcome was the functional score.

Results:
This meta-analysis did not show statistically significant differences between conservative, partial repair, patch or platelet rich plasma (PRP) augmentation, reverse total shoulder arthroplasty, and complete repair. Latissimus dorsi (LD) transfer was ranked first for effectiveness [standardized mean difference (SMD): 2.17, 0.28-4.07] and debridement ranked last (SMD: −2.15, −3.13 to −1.17).

Conclusions:
Latissimus dorsi transfer seems to be most effective for management of large and mRCTs, although some heterogeneity was observed in this network meta-analysis of full text reports. The choice of the operating technique depends on the patient's general health status and his expectations. When a decision has been reached to perform surgery, a repair, even if partial, should be attempted. Procedures involving biologic augmentation (eg, PRP) seem to convey no additional benefit while introducing more risk. Debridement alone should be avoided.
What Do Patients With Musculoskeletal Injuries Learn From Psychologically Informed Physical Therapy?
Authors: Weiser Sherri , Lis Angela , Brennan Tara , Hiebert Rudi , Ziemke Gregg , Campello Marco 
Published: November 2019

Introduction.
To develop successful psychologically informed physical therapy (PiPT) education programs, it is important to understand what makes them effective. We contend that successful transmission of PiPT concepts from the physical therapist (PT) to the patient is critical for good outcomes. This paper aims to determine whether PiPT trained PTs successfully transfer core concepts of this approach to patients with musculoskeletal injuries (MSIs). We hypothesize that patients who receive PiPT learn more PiPT concepts than patients who receive usual care. We demonstrated successful adoption of the PiPT model by US Navy PTs in a previous paper. In this paper, we ask whether these concepts are successfully transferred to the patient. Musculoskeletal injuries are a burden to the US Navy in terms of sick calls and attrition. Therefore, active duty service members (ADSM) are an excellent population in which to study this question.

Methods.
All ADSM deployed aboard 2 US Navy aircraft carriers (1 with PiPT trained PTs and 1 without) who presented to the physical therapy clinic with MSIs were included. Subjects were asked to list the most important thing(s) they learned in physical therapy at 4 weeks after treatment. Three blinded raters reviewed each response for PiPT concepts. The responses of subjects in both groups were compared to determine whether there were differences in the types of messages they received from treatment.

Results.
Eighty-five intervention and 90 control subjects participated. The number of subjects expressing important concepts learned from their physical therapy reflecting PiPT concepts was 29 (34%) in the intervention group and 0 (0%) in the control group.

Discussion.
Subjects who received PiPT were more likely to report learning PiPT concepts than those who did not. This indicates that the transfer of PiPT knowledge from the PT to the patient was successful. This paper is limited; in that, subjects included only ADSM, and the generalizability of the findings is unknown.
Factors Associated With Facial Nerve Paresis Following Gamma Knife for Vestibular Schwannoma
Authors: Lerner David K. , Lee Daniel , Naples James G. , Brant Jason A. , Bigelow Douglas , Alonso-Basanta Michelle , Ruckenstein Michael J. 
Published: November 2019

Objective:
Evaluate the incidence of and potential contributory factors to facial nerve paresis and other cranial neuropathies (CN) following stereotactic radiosurgery with Gamma Knife (GK) for primary treatment of vestibular schwannoma (VS).

Study Design:
Retrospective chart review.

Setting:
Tertiary referral center.

Patients:
Charts were reviewed for all adult patients receiving primary GK treatment for unilateral VS between 2005 and 2013. Patients with NF2 or previous surgery were excluded from analysis.

Intervention:
GK radiosurgery.

Main Outcome Measures:
The incidence of new-onset facial nerve paresis after primary GK treatment of VS was evaluated. Secondary endpoints included other cranial neuropathies.

Results:
One hundred thirty-three patients with VS received primary GK therapy. Posttreatment CN developed in 33 patients (24.8%). Twelve patients (9.0%) experienced trigeminal paresthesia, 11 (8.3%) developed sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) requiring steroids, and seven (5.3%) demonstrated facial paresis. The mean maximum cochlear dose was 15.49 Gy in patients with facial paresis compared with 12.42 Gy in subjects without facial paresis (p = 0.032). Subjects with facial paresis were more likely to have a lateral tumor without fundal fluid on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (71%) compared with subjects without facial paresis (43%).

Conclusions:
In the treatment of VS with primary GK, maximum cochlear dose was significantly associated with facial paresis. Laterally extending tumors without fundal fluid on MRI experienced higher rates of facial paresis. These factors should be considered during GK treatment planning for VS.
Intratympanic Diltiazem-Chitosan Hydrogel as an Otoprotectant Against Cisplatin-Induced Ototoxicity in a Mouse Model
Authors: Naples James G. , Ruckenstein Michael J. , Singh Jarnail , Cox Brandon C. , Li Daqing 
Published: November 2019

Hypothesis:
Local administration of the calcium-channel blocker (CCB), diltiazem, via intratympanic (IT) chitosan-glycerophosphate (CGP) hydrogel will protect against cisplatin-induced ototoxicity.

Background:
Cisplatin induces calcium-mediated apoptosis of cochlear outer hair cells (OHCs). Previous work demonstrated otoprotection and reduced auditory brainstem response (ABR) threshold shifts in a cisplatin-induced ototoxicity mouse model treated with multiple doses of IT diltiazem given in solution. Here, we evaluated the role of a single dose of IT CGP-diltiazem as a novel otoprotectant against cisplatin-induced ototoxicity.

Methods:
Baseline pure-tone and click-evoked ABRs were performed in control (IT CGP-saline, n = 13) and treatment (IT CGP-diltiazem 2 mg/kg, n = 9) groups of female CBA/J mice. A single dose of IT CGP hydrogel was administered just before intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin (14 mg/kg). On Day 7 posttreatment, ABRs were performed and cochleae were harvested. Hair cells were quantified using anti-myosin VIIa immunostaining and inner hair cell ribbon synapses were quantified using Ctbp2 immunostaining.

Results:
There was a statistically significant effect of treatment on click- and tone-evoked ABRs between groups. The mean threshold shifts were significantly reduced in both click- and tone-evoked ABRs on Day 7 in IT CGP-diltiazem treated mice compared with CGP-saline control mice. There were no significant differences in OHC counting between groups, but there appears to be an otoprotection against loss of synapses in the apical turn from IT CGP-diltiazem treated mice (p < 0.05).

Conclusions:
This preliminary work suggests that IT CGP-diltiazem reduces ABR threshold shifts with possible mechanisms of protecting ribbon synapses in the setting of cisplatin-induced ototoxicity. More work is necessary to determine the mechanism underlying this otoprotection.
Hearing Preservation Outcomes Using a Precurved Electrode Array Inserted With an External Sheath
Authors: Nassiri Ashley M. , Yawn Robert J. , Holder Jourdan T. , Dwyer Robert T. , O’Malley Matthew R. , Bennett Marc L. , Labadie Robert F. , Rivas Alejandro 
Published: November 2019

Objectives:
Describe audiologic outcomes in hearing preservation cochlear implantation (CI) using a precurved electrode array inserted using an external sheath and evaluate association of electrode positioning and preservation of residual hearing.

Study Design:
Retrospective review.

Setting:
Tertiary otologic center.

Patients:
Twenty-four adult patients who underwent hearing preservation CI with precurved electrode array.

Interventions:
CI, intraoperative computed tomography (CT)

Outcome Measures:
Audiologic measures (consonant-nucleus-consonant [CNC] words, AzBio sentences, low-frequency pure tone averages [LFPTA]) and electrode location (scalar location, electrode-to-modiolus distance (

JOURNAL/otneu/04.03/00129492-202001000-00008/inline-graphic1/v/2023-08-21T201642Z/r/image-tiff

), angular insertion depth).

Results:
Twenty-four adults with less than 80 dB LFPTA with a precurved electrode array inserted using an external sheath; 16 underwent intraoperative CT. LFPTA was 58.5 dB HL preoperatively, with a 17.3 dB threshold shift at CI activation (p = 0.005). CNC word scores improved from 6% preoperatively to 64% at 6 months postoperatively (p < 0.0001). There was one scalar translocation and no tip fold-overs. The average angular insertion depth was 388.2 degrees, and the average

JOURNAL/otneu/04.03/00129492-202001000-00008/inline-graphic2/v/2023-08-21T201642Z/r/image-tiff

across all electrodes was 0.36 mm. Multivariate regression revealed a significant correlation between CNC scores at 6 months and angular insertion depth (p = 0.0122; r
2 = 0.45, adjusted r
2 = 0.35). Change in LFPTA was not significantly associated with angular insertion depth or

JOURNAL/otneu/04.03/00129492-202001000-00008/inline-graphic3/v/2023-08-21T201642Z/r/image-tiff

.

Conclusions:
A low rate of translocation allows a precurved electrode array inserted using an external sheath to maintain hearing preservation rates comparable to straight electrode arrays. With scala tympani insertion, angular insertion depth is a positive marker of improved speech performance postoperatively but may be a confounder variable based on individual cochlear size.