bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determinación de indicadores y fuentes de verificación necesarios para la Infraestructura Física de Proyectos Educativos de Educación Superior en Paraguay
Authors: Rolón Flecha Lilian Graciela , Jiménez Chaves Viviana Elizabeth 
Published: April 2020

La infraestructura física es un aspecto fundamental para toda institución educativa de nivel superior, en ella se concretan los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Por ello, las condiciones físicas de dichos espacios educativos son sustanciales para el aprendizaje. Para la habilitación de la infraestructura física educativa en los países, no basta con el proyecto ejecutivo de arquitectura, sino que depende del cumplimiento de requisitos establecidos por instituciones reguladoras de cada país. En Paraguay el encargado de habilitar proyectos educativos de Educación Superior es el Consejo Nacional de Educación Superior (CONES). Para lo cual, cuenta con una Guía de Elaboración de Proyectos Educativos que establece requisitos que deben ser cumplidos en cuatro aspectos, siendo el de infraestructura física uno de ellos. El Aspecto Físico de la guía es bastante extenso y a la vez confuso por la forma en que describe y estructura su contenido. Esta dificultad identificada impide reconocer requisitos imprescindibles para el diseño correcto de toda infraestructura física educativa. Con miras a resolver este problema, el propósito de esta investigación fue determinar los indicadores y las fuentes de verificación necesarios para la Infraestructura Física de Proyectos Educativos de Educación Superior en Paraguay. De esta manera, se estudiaron varias regulaciones similares de países de América Latina, de los cuales, las de Perú, México y de ARCU-SUR se consideraron como más completas, sencillas y explícitas y fueron utilizadas para contrastar con la norma paraguaya. Esta tarea concluyó con el desarrollo de una tabla donde se especifican siete componentes indispensables para todos los Proyectos Educativos, un componente adicional para los relacionados con la Salud y otro componente para los Proyectos Educativos con ampliación. Finalmente, se logró determinar veinticinco indicadores con cincuenta y cinco fuentes de verificación. Se pretende que estos elementos ayuden a las Instituciones de Educación Superior y a los profesionales arquitectos a desarrollar un correcto aspecto de Infraestructura Física de Proyectos Educativos de Educación Superior. Asimismo, que facilite al ente regulador a realizar evaluaciones objetivas y precisas de dichos proyectos.
Numerical solution of advection-diffusion equation using finite difference schemes
Authors: Andallah LS , Khatun MR 
Published: April 2020

This paper presents numerical simulation of one-dimensional advection-diffusion equation. We study the analytical solution of advection diffusion equation as an initial value problem in infinite space and realize the qualitative behavior of the solution in terms of advection and diffusion co-efficient. We obtain the numerical solution of this equation by using explicit centered difference scheme and Crank-Nicolson scheme for prescribed initial and boundary data. We implement the numerical scheme by developing a computer programming code and present the stability analysis of Crank-Nicolson scheme for ADE. For the validity test, we perform error estimation of the numerical scheme and presented the numerical features of rate of convergence graphically. The qualitative behavior of the ADE for different choice of the advection and diffusion co-efficient is verified. Finally, we estimate the pollutant in a river at different times and different points by using these numerical scheme.
Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.55(1), 15-22, 2020
Vascular Dysfunction, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammation in Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Nowak Kristen L. , Jovanovich Anna , Farmer-Bailey Heather , Bispham Nina , Struemph Taylor , Malaczewski Mikaela , Wang Wei , Chonchol Michel 
Published: April 2020

Background
Increased arterial stiffness and vascular endothelial dysfunction are important nontraditional cardiovascular risk factors evident in patients with CKD. Vascular oxidative stress and inflammation may contribute to vascular dysfunction in CKD, but direct evidence is lacking.

Methods
We assessed carotid-femoral pulse-wave velocity (arterial stiffness) and brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (vascular endothelial function) in participants with moderate-to-severe CKD (eGFR 15–59 ml/min per 1.73 m2) and in healthy controls. Change in brachial artery flow-mediated dilation after an acute infusion of ascorbic acid to inhibit vascular oxidative stress (versus saline) was also measured. Protein expression of vascular endothelial cells collected from a peripheral vein and ELISAs to assess circulating markers were also performed.

Results
A total of 64 participants with CKD (mean±SD, 65±8 years) and 17 healthy controls (60±5 years) were included. Carotid-femoral pulse-wave velocity was greater in participants with CKD compared with healthy controls (1071±336 versus 732±128 cm/s; P<0.001). Brachial artery flow-mediated dilation was lower in participants with CKD compared with healthy controls (3.5%±2.8% versus 5.5%±3.2%; P=0.02). Circulating inflammation markers (C-reactive protein and IL-6) were elevated in the CKD group (P≤0.02). Endothelial cell protein expression of NADPH (intensity versus human umbilical vein endothelial cell control, 1.48±0.28 versus 1.25±0.31; P=0.05) was greater in participants with CKD. However, ascorbic acid significantly improved brachial artery flow-mediated dilation in control participants (saline, 5.5±3.2; ascorbic acid, 6.8±3.6); as compared with participants with CKD (saline, 3.5±2.8; ascorbic acid, 3.6±3.2) (group×condition interaction P=0.04), suggesting vascular oxidative stress could not be overcome with ascorbic acid in participants with CKD.

Conclusions
Vascular oxidative stress is present in CKD, which cannot be overcome with acute infusion of ascorbic acid.
ANALISIS SWOT GUNA MENINGKATKAN KESADARAN UMAT UNTUK MENYALURKAN ZAKAT MELALUI LEMBAGA AMIL ZAKAT DI BAZNAS KOTA BAUBAU
Authors: Sujana I Wayan 
Published: April 2020

Menurut undang-undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2011, fungsi BAZNAS yaitu melaksanakan perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengendalian, pelaporan, pertanggungjawaban, pengumpulan, pendistribusian dan pendayagunaan zakat. Sejauh ini keberadaan organisasi pengelola zakat belum optimal diakibatkan masih banyak potensi zakat yang belum terkelola dengan baik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peran BAZNAS kota Baubau dalam meningkatkan kesadaran umat untuk menyalurkan zakatnya pada Lembaga Amil Zakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis SWOT yakni membandingkan antara faktor eksternal, peluang, dan ancaman dengan faktor internal kekuatan dan kelemahan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara. Melalui pendekatan analisis SWOT, skor faktor internal – kekuatan BAZNAS sebesar 2,66 dan skor faktor internal – kelemahan sebesar 0,68 dan jumlah keseluruhan dari faktor internal adalah 3,34. Hal tersebut berarti bahwa BAZNAS Kota Baubau mempunyai peran besar terhadap pendapatan BAZNAS. Skor faktor eksternal – peluang BAZNAS sebesar 2,40. Sedangkan skor faktor eksternal – ancaman sebesar 0,40 dan secara keseluruhan faktor eksternal mempunyai skor 2,80. Hal tersebut menggambarkan bahwa peluang BAZNAS sangat besar. Dari analisis skor tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa BAZNAS berada pada posisi kuadran I (positif) yang berarti bahwa lembaga ini kuat dan memiliki peluang. Strategi yang tepat digunakan oleh BAZNAS guna meningkatkan kesadaran muzakki yaitu strategi agresif berdasarkan kekuatan dan peluang pada BAZNAS kota Baubau antara lain berkoordinasi dengan semua Unit Pengumpul Zakat di setiap kecamatan di kota Baubau, meningkatkan sosialisasi kepada masyarakat, serta lebih meningkatkan pelayanan kepada masyarakat misalnya dengan memanfaatkan teknologi sehingga pengumpulan zakat dapat dilakukan melalui online dan akses masyarakat untuk melihat penyalurannya akan dapat dilakukan dengan baik.
DAYA TAHAN SPERMATOZOA DALAM SEMEN CAIR BABI LANDRACE PADA METODE PENYIMPANAN BERBEDA
Authors: Foeh Nancy , Gaina Cynthia D. , Titong Alan Prima , Butta Crecentia A. , Bei Maria S. B. 
Published: April 2020

Tujuan dilaksanakan penelitian ini untuk melihat pengaruh metode penyimpanan preservasi yang berbeda terhadap viabilitas spermatozoa semen babi landrace dalam pengencer alami air buah lontar (AL) dengan penambahan kuning telur ayam kampung (KT). Semen diambil dari 5 ekor pejantan landrace yang telah dewasa kelamin. Setelah itu dilakukan pemeriksaan makros-mikros dari semen segar, semen dengan kriteria motilitas , konsentrasi dan abnormalitas spermatozoa berturt-turut: >70%, >200 juta spermatozoa/ml, <20% yang layak untuk dijadikan semen cair. Perlakuan dalam penelitian:, P1(AL 95%+5% KT), P2(AL 85%+15% KT), P3(AL 75%+25% KT) yang simpan pada metode water jacket (WJ) dan P4(AL 95%+5% KT), P5(AL 85%+15% KT), P6(AL 75%+25% KT) yang disimpan dengan metode non water jacket (NWJ), semen dikemas dalam mikrotube 1 ml dan disimpan pada suhu preservasi. Pada penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa viabilitas spermatozooa dalam pengencer alami air buah lontar yang ditambahkan dengan kuning telur ayam kampung memperlihatkan hasil yang baik pada kombinasi AL 85% dan KT25% pada penyimpanan water jacket. Semen cair pada pengencer kombinasi tersebut diatas mampu bertahan hingga 28 jam penyimpanan.
STATUS RESISTENSI VEKTOR FILARIASIS ASAL KABUPATEN SIKKA TERHADAP INSEKTISIDA PERMETHRIN
Authors: Almet Julianty , Wuri Diana A. , Detha Annytha Ina Rohi , Mogi Dionesia A. 
Published: April 2020

Pengendalian nyamuk yang berperan sebagai vektor merupakan tindakan terpenting dalam penanggulangan penyakit seperti filariasis.Filariasis merupakan penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh cacing filaria yang menyerang saluran dan kelen­jar getah bening yang ditularkan oleh berba­gai jenis nyamuk. Kasus filariasis di Kabupaten Sikka tahun 2015- 2017 setiap tahunnya meningkat. Penggunaan insektisida menjadi pilihan utama masyarakat dalam pengendalian vektor nyamuk. Insektisida yang digunakan secara terus-menerus dapat menyebabkan nyamuk menjadi resisten. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui status resistensi vektor filariasis terhadap insektisida permethrin 0,75% di Kabupaten Sikka tahun 2018. Penelitian ini diawali dengan survei lokasi dan pengambilan sampel di Kabupaten Sikka dan dilanjutkan dengan pemeliharaan nyamuk serta uji resistensi. Bahan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah nyamuk Aedes sp. dan Anopheles sp., impregnated paper permethrin 0,75%. Hasil uji resistensi menggunakan metode susceptibility test dengan impregnated paper permethrin 0,75% adalah kematian nyamuk uji terhadap permethrin adalah 21,3% sehingga disimpulkan bahwa vektor filariasis di Kabupaten Sikka dinyatakan telah resisten tinggi terhadap insektisida permethrin 0,75% karena kematian nyamuk uji <90%.
CIRUGÍA TORÁCICA VIDEOASISTIDA UNIPORTAL EN DOS CENTROS UNIVERSITARIOS. EXPERIENCIA INICIAL
Authors: Abiuso Baesler Valeria Fernanda , Lavanderos Fernández Jorge , Vega Salas Javier , Fernández Ruiz Jaime , Salguero Aparicio Jorge , Cardemil Herrera Ramón Gonzalo , Clavero Ribes José Miguel 
Published: April 2020

Introducción: Uno de los mayores avances de las últimas décadas en la cirugía de tórax ha sido el desarrollo de la cirugía mínimamente invasiva.Objetivos: Describir la experiencia en videotoracoscopía (VATS) uniportal de miembros del equipo de Cirugía de Tórax de la Universidad de Chile en 2 campos clínicos, (Clínica Las Condes y Hospital Clínico de la Universidad de Chile).Material y métodos: Se estudiaron 105 pacientes sometidos a VATS uniportal entre enero de 2016 y enero de 2019. Los datos se analizaron de manera retrospectiva considerando variables demográficas (edad, sexo) y clínicas (diagnóstico, cirugía, estadía hospitalaria, días de pleurostomía, conversión, y complicaciones). Resultados: De las 105 cirugías realizadas, 28 (26,6 %) correspondieron a cirugías mayores complejas lobectomías y segmentectomías anatómicas. En 4 pacientes se agregó un 2º puerto, uno se convirtió a mini toracotomía y uno a toracotomía (5,7% conversión global). La estadía hospitalaria fue en promedio 3,07 ± 3,1 días y el promedio de mantención de pleurostomía de 2,67 ± 1,61 días. Siete pacientes (6,6%) presentaron complicaciones post operatorias. Un paciente falleció por progresión de su enfermedad, no hubo mortalidad relacionada a la cirugía.Discusión: Las contraindicaciones de la VATS uniportal son las mismas que en la VATS multipuerto. En manos experimentadas, las complicaciones en cirugía por puerto único son bajas. Impresiona tener menos dolor post operatorio, menor estadía hospitalaria y reintegración precoz a las actividades diarias comparado con la VATS tradicional.Conclusiones: Se presenta la primera serie de VATS uniportal publicada en Chile. Los resultados obtenidos son comparables a los observados en la literatura. Su implementación y desarrollo requiere de una curva de aprendizaje similar a cualquier nueva técnica quirúrgica.
Detectability of Life Using Oxygen on Pelagic Planets and Water Worlds
Authors: Glaser Donald M , Hartnett Hilairy Ellen , Desch Steven J , Unterborn Cayman T , Anbar Ariel , Buessecker Steffen , Fisher Theresa , Glaser Steven , Kane Stephen R , Lisse Carey M , Millsaps Camerian , Neuer Susanne , O’Rourke Joseph G , Santos Nuno , Walker Sara Imari , Zolotov Mikhail 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The search for life on exoplanets is one of the grand scientific challenges of our time. The strategy to date has been to find (e.g., through transit surveys like Kepler) earthlike exoplanets in their stars’ habitable zone, then use transmission spectroscopy to measure biosignature gases, especially oxygen, in the planets’ atmospheres (e.g., using James Webb Space Telescope (JWST)). Already there are more such planets than can be observed by JWST, and missions like the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite and others will find more. A better understanding of the geochemical cycles relevant to biosignature gases is needed, to prioritize targets for costly follow-up observations and to help design future missions. We define a Detectability Index to quantify the likelihood that a biosignature gas could be assigned a biological versus nonbiological origin. We apply this index to the case of oxygen gas, O2, on earthlike planets with varying water contents. We demonstrate that on earthlike exoplanets with 0.2 weight percent (wt%) water (i.e., no exposed continents) a reduced flux of bioessential phosphorus limits the export of photosynthetically produced atmospheric O2 to levels indistinguishable from geophysical production by photolysis of water plus hydrogen escape. Higher water contents >1 wt% that lead to high-pressure ice mantles further slow phosphorus cycling. Paradoxically, the maximum water content allowing use of O2 as a biosignature, 0.2 wt%, is consistent with no water based on mass and radius. Thus, the utility of an O2 biosignature likely requires the direct detection of both water and land on a planet.
The Driving Scale–Density Decorrelation Scale Relation in a Turbulent Medium
Authors: Bialy Shmuel , Burkhart Blakesley 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Density fluctuations produced by supersonic turbulence are of great importance to astrophysical chemical models. A property of these density fluctuations is that the two-point correlation function decreases with increasing scale separation. The relation between the density decorrelation length scale (L
dec) and the turbulence driving scale (L
drive) determines how turbulence affects the density and chemical structures in the interstellar medium (ISM), and is a key component for using observations of atomic and molecular tracers to constrain turbulence properties. We run a set of numerical simulations of supersonic magnetohydrodynamic turbulence, with different sonic Mach numbers (

), and driven on varying scales (1/2.5, 1/5, 1/7) the box length. We derive the L
dec–L
drive relation as a function of Mach number, driving scale, and the orientation of the line-of-sight (LOS) in respect to the magnetic field. We find that the mean ratio L
dec/L
drive = 0.19 ± 0.10, when averaged over snapshots, Mach numbers, driving lengths, and the three LOSs. For LOS parallel to the magnetic field the density structures are statistically smaller and the L
dec–L
drive relation is tighter, with L
dec/L
drive = 0.112 ± 0.024. We discuss our results in the context of using observations of chemical tracers to constrain the dominant turbulence driving scale in the ISM.
Fécondité différentielle au début du XX e siècle selon la classe sociale des femmes. Les cas de la Belgique et de la France
Authors: Bourguignon Mélanie , Brée Sandra , Eggerickx Thierry , Sanderson Jean-Paul 
Published: April 2020

Cet article a pour objectif d’analyser la relation entre la fécondité et la classe sociale des femmes dont la vie reproductive se déroule durant les premières décennies du xx e siècle en France et en Belgique. Le niveau d’instruction de ces femmes est considéré ici comme une mesure de l’appartenance sociale et l’analyse repose sur l’exploitation de données rétrospectives extraites des recensements de la population de la Belgique et des enquêtes Famille réalisées en France. Durant cette période de « fin de transition », marquée par des contextes socioéconomiques et politiques de crises, observe-t-on des différences significatives de fécondité entre catégories sociales ? Et les « mécanismes » de la restriction de fécondité (contraception d’arrêt, report de naissance, célibat définitif…) varient-ils selon ces catégories sociales ? Des analyses, il ressort que le déclin de la fécondité est généralisé, quel que soit la classe sociale des femmes, mais qu’il survient selon des ampleurs variables. L’antériorité du mouvement chez un groupe particulier est toutefois difficilement confirmée, la perspective historique des données ne permettant pas d’observer les premiers signes de décrochage de la fécondité. Les comportements de fécondité sont davantage orientés vers une contraception d’arrêt, avec une maîtrise de plus en plus efficace du destin génésique, surtout au sommet de la pyramide sociale.
Autun/Augustodunum, cité des Éduens
Authors: Labaune Yannick , Kasprzyk Michel 
Published: April 2020

Les campagnes de fouilles de ces quinze dernières années permettent désormais de mieux cerner les modalités de la fondation d’Autun/Augustodunum et son développement à l’époque julio-claudienne. Malgré d’indéniables avancées scientifiques, la chronologie et les formes d’occupation se précisant peu à peu, on constate que seule une petite superficie de l’espace urbain inégalement répartie, de l’ordre de 1 %, a bénéficié jusqu’à présent d’une fenêtre de fouille sur les niveaux les plus précoces. Ce bilan est donc amené à évoluer dans les prochaines années, au fil des fouilles préventives qui s’attardent désormais plus volontiers sur les niveaux intra muros les plus anciens, mais également dans le cadre des campagnes de fouilles programmées à l’emplacement du sanctuaire périurbain de la Genetoye, dont le substrat laténien a récemment été mis en évidence. Il conviendra notamment de s’interroger sur le rôle éventuel joué par ce secteur lors du transfert de chef-lieu de Bibracte à Autun.
Trèves/Augusta Treverorum, cité des Trévires : les premiers temps de la ville
Authors: Morscheiser-Niebergall Jennifer 
Published: April 2020

La naissance de la ville de Trèves, Augusta Treverorum, est généralement associée à l’édification du pont de bois sur la Moselle, en 18-17 av. J.-C. Une analyse méticuleuse du mobilier associé aux premiers niveaux de la voirie montre que le réseau viaire ne semble pas avoir été construit avant l’horizon céramique de Haltern, autour du tournant de l’ère. Même s’il existe dans la vallée des traces d’occupations humaines antérieures à cette époque, notamment le camp du Petrisberg, clairement associé à l’épisode de la grande révolte trévire de 29 av. J.-C., la naissance matérielle de la ville doit être chronologiquement dissociée de la datation du pont.
The COST-UTILITY ANALYSIS OF FOUR CHELATION REGIMENS FOR Β-THALASSEMIA MAJOR: A CHINESE PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Li Jialian 
Published: April 2020

Background: The four most commonly used chelation regimens for β-thalassemia major patients in China are a combination therapy of deferoxamine and deferiprone (DFO+DFP), deferoxamine(DFO) monotherapy, deferiprone(DFP) monotherapy and deferasirox(DFX) monotherapy. Such patients use iron chelators their whole lives, resulting in enormous treatment costs. This study analyses the cost-utility of these four regimens from the Chinese healthcare system perspective.
Methods: A Markov decision model was used over a 70-year time horizon and was populated using clinical data from a systematic literature review. We obtained utility data from local and previous research. Costs were estimated using Chinese national sources.
Results: From the base-case analysis results, DFP was the most cost-effective chelation regimen, followed by DFO+DFP, DFO and DFX. DFP had a 99.60%, 78.10% and 64.40% likelihood of being cost-effective versus DFX, DFO and DFO+DFP, respectively, at a payment threshold of 193,932.00 CNY/QALY.
Conclusions: DFP was the most cost-effective chelation regimen for β-thalassemia major patients, followed by DFO+DFP, DFO and DFX. Using DFP as the primary treatment regimen may potentially result in cost-savings and QALY gains for the Chinese healthcare system. To increase these benefits, the Chinese government and clinicians should lower drug costs, increase drug utility and reduce mortality and morbidity. Changes in influential parameters easily affect the results of DFO+DFP versus DFP and of DFP versus DFO; clinicians should focus on such parameters and adjust the regimens accordingly.
Antimicrobial evaluation, degree of solubility, and water sorption of universal dental adhesive incorporated with epigallocatechin-3-gallate: An In-vitro study
Authors: Silva Paulo Goberlânio Barros , Terto Caroline Nágila Do Nascimento , Andrade Rebeca Da Cunha , Fernandes Argus Ramom Rolim , Rolim Juliana Paiva Marques Lima , Neri Jiovanne Rabelo 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Several strategies have been developed to reduce collagen degradation in the adhesive interface. Epigallocatechin3gallate (EGCG) has the ability to stabilize collagen, and it is effective in microbial reduction. Aims and Objectives: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the antimicrobial potential, water sorption (WS), and solubility of a universal adhesive incorporated with EGCG at concentrations of 0.02%, 0.1%, and 0.5%, respectively. Materials and Methods: Atotal of 40 specimens of composite resin disks, to which the adhesives were applied, were divided into four groups: control (without EGCG), 0.02%, 0.1%, and 0.5%. The specimens were submitted to an in vitro cariogenic challenge, inoculated with Streptococcus mutans for 3 days for biofilm formation. The generated biofilm was collected, and the colonyforming units were established. For the solubility test, the specimens using the adhesive were divided into the same groups mentioned previously (n = 10). Adhesive models were made following an ISO standard for sorption and solubility tests. Microbiological data were submitted to the analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by the Tukey test (P < 0.05). ANOVA was used to evaluate WS and solubility, and comparisons were made by post hoc analysis by the Student–Newman–Keuls method (P < 0.05). Results: A statistical difference was observed regarding the antimicrobial potential between the groups without and with EGCG at 0.5% (P = 0.03). EGCG 0.5% presented the highest values of solubility and WS (P < 0.01 and P = 0.009, respectively). Conclusion: The addition of 0.5% EGCG was capable of inhibiting biofilm formation; however, it caused significant alteration of the solubility and sorption of the adhesive.