bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A New Medium Access Control Mechanism for Energy Optimization in Wsn: Traffic Control and Data Priority Scheme
Authors: Bouazzi imen , Zaidi Monji , Usman Mohammed , Shamim M.Z 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Over the last few years, energy optimization in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) has drawn the attention of both the research community and actual users.Sensor nodes are powered by attached batteries that are considered as a critical aspect of sensor nodes design.Besides, the constraint of the limited battery capacity is associated with the concern on how to reduce the energy consumption of nodes to extend the network lifetime. In this context, the purpose of this study is to implement an adaptive Medium Access Control (MAC) for energy saving and traffic control enhancement. This program was designed to arrange nodes into two priority groups according to their traffic rate and data transmission packet delay. This fuzzy algorithm depends on their queue length where it is implemented into the Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA) algorithm.However, other types of nodes should send their data during the Contention Free Period (CFP) with a GTS reallocation scheme. Those nodes are classified as low priority access to the medium and their data transmission is scheduled using time division multiple access methods. Moreover, this proposed scheme dynamically adjusts the Contention Access Period (CAP) length to ensure that nodes can complete their data transmission during the same super-frame. Simulation results are done using the Network Simulator tool (NS-2) and it has improved efficiency regarding the IEEE-802.15.4 standard.
Electro-Acupuncture Accelerate Pressure Ulcer Healing by Increasing Asic3 Expression in Mouse Model
Authors: Xie Yu-Jie , Zhang Chi , Sun Fu-Hua , Jiang Wei , Guo Sheng-min , Yang Shibin , Qiu Huangling , Miyamoto Akira , Ou Xia , Wang Jian-xiong 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: The efficiency of insert electro-acupuncture stimulation (EAS) on improving pressure ulcer (PU) healing was still unclear. This study explored the effects of insert EAS on PU and provided the regulation information of acid-sensing ion channel 3 (Asic3) during EAS intervention.Methods: A total of 32 BALB/c mice were randomly divided into control group, model group, EAS group, ESA + APETx2 (Asic3 inhibitor) group, each for eight mice. The ulcer tissues of all mice were havest at 14 days after modeling. HE stains and mmunohistochemical staining evaluated the pathologic change, Western blot, and RT-PCR evaluated Asic3 expression. Results: Compared with the model group, EAS group showed alleviated epithelial thickness, increased number of fibroblasts, and reduced inflammatory cell infiltration. Thickened epithelium, decreased number of fibroblasts, and obvious inflammatory cell infiltration in the EAS+APETx2 group were no significant differences with the model group. Asic3 expression in PU tissues in the EAS group was elevated compared with the model group. In addition, Asic3 expression was decreased in EAS + APETx2 group than the EAS group. Conclusion: EAS can accelerate the PU healing process in mice, and EAS also could improve the expression of Asic3 in PU tissues.Trial-registration: Not applicaple.
Transcatheter closure for patent ductus arteriosus in patients with Eisenmenger syndrome: to do or not?
Authors: Xu Jing , Wang Liang , Shen Yunli , Geng Liang , Chen Fadong 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) complicated by Eisenmenger syndrome (ES) remains to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Giving increasing evidence of benefit from targeted drug therapies, ES patients once thought to be inoperable may have increasing options for management. This study aims to explore whether the PDA in patients with ES can be treated with transcatheter closure (TCC).Methods Between August 2014 and July 2016, four out of fifteen PDA-ES patients whose Qp/Qs improved significantly and Qp/Qs > 1.5 after acute vasodilator testing with 100% oxygen were selected to receive TCC by diagnostic treatment and repair strategy. PAH-targeted drugs were prescribed before and after occlusion for all patients. Trial occlusion was performed before permanent closure.Results The first TCC failed after the initiation of PAH-targeted drugs for 6 months in four patients. After the medication was adjusted and extended to 12 months, TCC was performed for all without hemodynamic intolerances during perioperative period. Pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) was significantly decreased (≥ 40%) immediately after TCC. During the follow-up period, there was a further decrease of PASP in two patients, the other two showed improved WHO functional class and six-minute walking distance although a worsening PASP.Conclusion Some selected PDA-ES patients with PVR < 15Wood U and Qp/Qs > 1.5 at baseline might benefit from TCC by diagnostic treatment and repair strategy and uninterrupted combination of PAH-targeted drugs pre- and post-occlusion play a crucial role.
Secondary Analysis of Microarray Data Reveals Immune-Related Key Genes and Pathways in Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria
Authors: su wenxing , Huang Biao , Guan Yi , Wang Juanjuan , Wei Yuqian , Zhao Ying , JI Jiang , Jiao Qingqing 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Lupus Nephritis (LN) in patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is one of the most serious and prevalent manifestations. The procedure of renal biopsy is harmful and accompanied by potential hazards. Therefore, introducing reliable biomarkers to predict LN is exceedingly worthwhile. In the current study, we compared the diagnostic values of circulating autoantibodies against dsDNA, C1q, C3b, SSA, SSB, and Sm alone or in combination to predict LN.Methods: This study evaluated abovementioned autoantibodies in 40 healthy controls (HCs) and 95 SLE patients with different kidney involvements, including absent (n = 40), inactive (n = 20), and active (n= 35) LN using EIA method.Result: The frequency and odds ratio of anti-dsDNA (71.4%, OR=4.2), anti-C1q (62.9%, OR= 5.1), and the simultaneous existence of anti-C1q and anti-dsDNA (51.4%, OR=6) antibodies were significantly higher in the active LN group compared with both inactive and absent LN groups. Moreover, the levels of anti-C1q and anti-dsDNA antibodies positively correlated with disease activity in patients with SLE. The prevalence of these autoantibodies was associated with the severity of LN biopsies. Conclusion: These data suggest that anti-C1q and anti-dsDNA antibodies and also the simultaneous presence of them may be valuable diagnostic biomarkers for LN prediction in patients with SLE.
Infra-Tentorial Brain Tumors – Biological Behavior during First Post-Operative Year – SKIMS, Kashmir Experience
Authors: Bhat Abdul Rashid , Wani Mohammed Afzal , Kirmani Altaf Rehman 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: To observe the biological behavior like residual disease, progression, recurrence, disabilities, mortality, event free survival (EFS) etc., of histologically different infra-tentorial tumors of in the first postoperative year. Methods: The histopathological records of 410 infra-tentorial tumors out of 589 patients were compared with their clinical outcome up to first postoperative-year in a single-centre, amounting to regional epidemiological-value. In this observational study, retrospectively postoperative records of 589 infra-tentorial tumors of brain from Nov., 1990 to Dec., 2010 (20 years) were retrieved, scrutinized and compiled. The post-operative records of 410 patients with proved histopathological-examination results were included. Statistical law of Variance was applied where-ever necessary.Results: The 63.2% of 410 operated infra-tentorial tumors were males while females predominated in meningiomas and pineoblastomas. About 31.7% infra-tentorial or posterior fossa tumours were children (below-18yrs.). About 54.1% cases were histologically malignant. The residual-tumors comprised 40.2% and symptoms of disease-progression occurred in 10.9%. The tumor recurrence occurred in 14.3% while 6.0% patients developed severe-disability. The overall mortality was 11.4% up to first post-operative year with 18.9% in malignant patients. The first-one-year event-free-survival (EFS) for all the patients was 66.0%. While the patients with malignancies had first-one-year EFS of 47.7%, the histologically benign group had 87.7%. Conclusion: The first one-year postoperative biological behavior like EFS of histologically benign and some malignant infra-tentorial tumors both in children and adults like pilocytic astrocytomas, ependymomas and pineoblastomas was much better (87.7%) than other malignant infra-tentorial tumors.
Comparative study on lesions of reproductive disorders of cows and female dromedary camels slaughtered at Addis Ababa, Adama and Akaki abbatoirs with bacterial isolation and characterization
Authors: Mandefro Aynalem , Ayana Tilaye Demissie , Hunderra Gemechu Chala , Gebrezihar Tadesse Gidey , Boru Bulto Giro , Desta Natnael Teshager 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Reproduction is a basic prerequisite to efficient livestock production. The reproductive performance depends upon the normal structure and functions of genital organs.
Methods
A cross-sectional study design was conducted from November 2016 to May 2017 to identify and compare the frequency of reproductive organ pathological lesions and to isolates bacteria associated with uterine lesions in female dromedary camels and cows slaughtered at Addis Ababa and Adama municipal abattoirs and Akaki slaughter house. Purposive sampling technique was used to collect 280 reproductive tracts from cow and female dromedary camel. Following gross inspection tissue samples with lesion were collected for histopathological and bacteriological studies and were done according to standard protocols.
Result
Various pathological lesions with different degrees of severity were observed in 34.2% (n = 48) and 36.4% (n = 51) of dromedary camel and cow, respectively. Age, species and body conditions of animals were not statistically associated with most of disorders (P > 0.05). The lesions encountered in dromedary camels were 21.4%, 7.14%, 1.42%, 2.85% and 1.42% uterine, ovarian, oviductal, vaginal and cervical lesions, respectively. However, 16.4%, 14.2%, 3.57%, 1.42% and 1.42%, ovarian, uterine, oviductal, vaginal and cervical lesions were seen in examined cows, respectively. The result showed that the collected uterine tissue was positive for single and/or mixed bacterial infection. Bacterial isolated includes, Staphylococcus species 28.5%, Streptococci species 19.6%, Coynebacterium species 8.9%, Escherichia coli 26.78%, Salmonella species 10.7% and Klebsiella species 5.35% were isolated from cows uteri, while in the dromedary camels, Escherichia coli 35.5%, Staphylococcus species 26.6%, Streptococcus species 13.3%, Pseudomonas species 6.6%, Proteus species 4.4%, Salmonella species 8.8% and Klebsiella species 4.4%.were isolated. Histopathologically, endometrial glands degeneration, sloughing of epithelium, peri-glandular cuffing and infiltrations of inflammatory cell were some of characteristic changes observed in uterus.
Conclusions
Reproductive organ pathological lesions found to be an important problem in female dromedary camel and cow and it was observed that the bacteria isolated from camel’s uteri were similar to those in cows. The role of each reproductive lesions incriminated as causes of reproductive failures in this livestock species needs further investigation.
Shape accuracy of an acrylonitrile butadiene styrene canine tibia model fabricated using fused deposition modelling and the effects of hydrogen peroxide gas plasma sterilisation
Authors: Hsu Chi-Pin , Lin Chen-Si , Fan Chun-Hao , Chiang Nai-Yuan , Tsai Ching-Wen , Chang Chun-Ming , LIU I-LI 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Three-dimensional (3D) printing techniques have been used for anatomical models and surgical guiding instruments in orthopaedic surgery. The accuracy of these surgical guiding tools is important for obtaining good clinical outcomes. This study assessed the shape accuracy of an acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) canine tibia model printed using fused deposition modelling (FDM) and evaluated its morphological change after hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) gas plasma sterilisation. The tibias of six canine cadavers underwent computed tomography for 3D reconstruction. Tibia models were fabricated from ABS on a 3D printer through FDM. Reverse-engineering technology was used to compare morphological errors (root mean square; RMS) between the 3D-FDM models and virtual models segmented from original tibia images (3D-CT) and between the models sterilised with H2O2 gas plasma (3D-GAS) and 3D-FDM models on tibia surface and in cross-sections at: 5%, 15%, 25%, 50%, 75%, 85%, and 95% of the tibia length.
Results
The RMS mean ± standard deviation and average positive and negative deviation values for all specimens in G1 (3D-FDM vs. 3D-CT) were significantly higher than those in G2 (3D-GAS vs. 3D-FDM; P < 0.0001). Mean RMS values for G1 at 5% bone length (proximal tibia) were significantly higher than those at the other six cross-sections (P < 0.0001). Mean RMS differences for G2 at all seven cross-sections were nonsignificant.
Conclusions
Our tibia model fabricated on an FDM printer had high shape accuracy with a low RMS value. The surface deviation in G1 indicated that larger errors occurred during manufacturing than during sterilisation. Therefore, the model may be clinically acceptable for bone surgery and surgical rehearsal.
Harmonization of medical products regulation: A key factor for improving regulatory capacity in the East African Community
Authors: Ndomondo-Sigonda Margareth , Miot Jacqueline , Naidoo Shan , Masota Nelson , Ng'andu Brian , Ngum Nancy , Kaale Eliangiringa 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Limited capacity to regulate medical products is associated with circulation of products which do not meet standards of quality, safety and efficacy with negative public health and economic outcomes. This study focused on assessing the effect of the East African Community (EAC) medicines regulatory harmonization initiative on the capacity of national medicines regulatory agencies with focus on registration and inspection systems as part of the African Union medicines regulatory harmonization initiative. Methods: An exploratory mixed-method design using both qualitative and quantitative data, was employed. Data was collected from six national medicines regulatory authorities (NMRAs) and the EAC Secretariat through a combination of semi-structured interviews, questionnaires, and checklists for the period 2011/12-2014/15 while 2010/11 data served as baseline. Interviews were conducted with heads of NMRAs; regulatory and monitoring and evaluation experts; and the EAC Secretariat Project Officer. A set of 29 indicators grouped into 9 categories were used to measure NMRAs performance. Results: policy and legal frameworks provide a foundation for effective regulation. Collaboration, harmonization, joint dossier reviews and inspections of manufacturing sites; reliance and cooperation are key factors for building trust and capacity among NMRAs. 83.3% of the EAC Partner States have comprehensive medicines laws with autonomous NMRAs. All the NMRAs have functional registration and good manufacturing practice inspection systems supported by regional harmonised guidelines for registration, inspection, quality management and information management systems with 80% attaining ISO 9001:2015 certification. Efficiency of registration processes improved by 66.6%. Conclusions: The EAC regulatory harmonization initiative has contributed to improved capacity to regulate medical products. The indicators generated from this research can be replicated for evaluation of similar initiatives across and beyond the African continent and contribute to public health policy.
OphthatomeTM: An integrated knowledgebase of ophthalmic diseases for translating vision research into the clinic
Authors: Raj Praveen , Tejwani Sushma , Sudha Dandayudhapani , B Muthu Narayanan , Thangapandi Chandrasekar , Das Sankar , J Somasekar , Mangalapudi Susmithasane , Kumar Durgesh , Pindipappanahalli Narendra , Shetty Rohit , Ghosh Arkashubra , Kumaramanickavel Govindasamy , Chaudhuri Amitabha , Nagaswamy Soumittra 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Medical big data analytics has revolutionized the human healthcare system by introducing processes that facilitate rationale clinical decision making, predictive or prognostic modelling of disease progression and management, disease surveillance, impact on public health and research. Although, the electronic medical records (EMR) system is the digital storehouse of rich medical data of a large patient cohort collected over many years, the data lack sufficient structure to be of any clinical value for applying deep learning methods and advanced analytics to improve disease management at an individual patient level or for the discipline in general. Ophthatome™ captures data contained in retrospective electronic medical records between September 2012 and January 2018 to facilitate translational vision research through a knowledgebase of eye diseases.
Methods
The electronic medical records data from Narayana Nethralaya recorded in the MS-SQL database was mapped and programmatically transferred to MySQL. The captured data was manually curated to preserve data integrity and accuracy. The data is stored in MySQL database management system for ease of visualization, advanced search functions and other knowledgebase applications.
Results
Ophthatome™ is a comprehensive and accurate knowledgebase of ophthalmic diseases containing curated clinical, treatment and imaging data of 581,466 ophthalmic cases from the Indian population, recorded between September 2012 and January 2018. Ophthatome™ provides filters and Boolean searches with operators and modifiers that allow selection of specific cohorts covering 524 distinct ophthalmic disease types and 1800 disease sub-types across 35 different anatomical regions of the eye. The availability of longitudinal data for about 300,000 subjects provides additional opportunity to perform clinical research on disease progression and management including drug response and treatment outcome. The knowledgebase captures eye diseases in a genetically diverse population providing opportunity to study genetic and environmental factors contributing to or influencing eye diseases.
Conclusion
Ophthatome™ will accelerate clinical, genomic, pharmacogenomic and advanced translational research on ophthalmic diseases.
Mortality in patients with diabetes by COVID 19 a systematic review.
Authors: Pôrto Elias Ferreira , Iamonti Vinicius Carlos , Castro Antonio Adolfo Mattos de , Souza Anselmo Cordeiro de , Leite José Renato de Oliveira , Filoni Eduardo , Rodrigo Adriano Conrado , Moderno Luiz Fernando de Oliveira 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus might be associated with severity and death in patients with COVID-19; but its mechanisms are still unknown.Objective: to carry out a systematic review of what has been published so far on mortality in patients with COVID-19 associated with diabetes comorbidity.Methods: A search was carried out in PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE and EMBASE Classic and Google Scholar databases; up to April 2020 using the search medical subheadings (MeSH) terms : "mortality from Coronavirus", "mortality from COVID-19" and "mortality in patients with diabetes by COVID-19". Enrolled studies were assessed independently by two blinded researchers. Studies quality was assessed using the Jedad scale. The articles score equal or greater than two points were considered highly methodological quality.Results: Initially, 65 articles were found and 46 were excluded for not meeting the eligibility criteria. Among the 10 remaining, 3 were excluded because had Jedad score lower than two points. Among the remaining seven, two were excluded because they were meta-analysis. Eventually, five articles remained for final analysis. For all, mortality among patients with diabetes was higher than without diabetes. The risk of global mortality among diabetes patients was 8.9 times higher (p<0.0001) than without diabetes The time of diagnosis could be more determining for mortality, meanwhile HB1Ac level was not determiningConclusion: Mortality risk observed by COVID-19 is higher among diabetes patients than healthy age matched peers. This result can be partially explained by hormonal signaling changes, such as blood clotting and abnormal pancreas functioning.
Efficacy and Safety of the Syrup "KalobaTUSS® " for the Treatment of Cough in Children: a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial
Authors: Paglia Rita Rita La , Carnevali Ilaria , Pauletto Laura , Raso Floriana , Testa Marco , Mannucci Carmen , Sorbara Emanuela Elisa , Calapai Gioacchino 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Persistent cough in children often causes discomfort to children and parents reducing their quality of life. In spite of the extensive utilization of over the counter remedies against cough, for most of them efficacy in children has not been demonstrated. Methods: We conducted a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial recruiting 106 children with persistent cough to evaluate the efficacy and safety of KalobaTUSS®, a pediatric cough syrup based on acacia honey and on moieties derived from Malva sylvestris extract, Inula helenium, Plantago major extract, Helichrysum stoechas. Results: Children were orally treated with KalobaTUSS® or placebo for eight days. Children receiving KalobaTUSS® showed an early significant reduction in night-time and day-time cough score measured through a specific scale and a shorter duration of cough in comparison to placebo. Conclusions: Results show that KalobaTUSS® is well tolerated and produces positive effects by reducing severity and shortening the duration of cough in children. (Clinicaltrials.gov n. NCT04073251).
Gastrointestinal Failure Score in Children with Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Zhou Ying , Lu Weifeng , Tang Weibing 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
PurposesTo review the value of the gastrointestinal failure (GIF) score in children with different degrees of traumatic brain injury (TBI) by analyzing the correlation between outcome and gastrointestinal function.MethodsA total of 165 children with TBI who were diagnosed and treated in the surgical intensive care unit (SICU) for longer than 72 h between August 2017 and 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Admission parameters were sex, age, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score, body mass index (BMI), leukocyte count, C-reactive protein (CRP), hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (Hct), blood glucose, lactic acid, procalcitonin (PCT), albumin, plasma osmotic pressure, prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT). In order to predict outcome, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score, Pediatric Clinical Illness Score (PCIS) and mean GIF score for the first three days were also combined.ResultsThe percent of patients with gastrointestinal dysfunction on the first day was 78.8%. Food intolerance (FI) developed in 36.4% and intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) in 21.8% of patients. The GIF score and mean GIF score for the first three days in children with different degrees of TBI were significantly different (P<0.05); they were also significantly different between those who died and those who survived (P<0.05). The mean GIF score for the first three days was identified as an independent risk factor for mortality (odds ratio>1, 95% confidence interval=1.457 to 16.016, P<0.01), as was the PCIS. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis suggested that the mean GIF score for the first three days had the same calibrating power as the PCIS in discriminating the risk of death of children.ConclusionThe incidence of gastrointestinal dysfunction in children with TBI is high. The GIF score has its ability to judge gastrointestinal system. The mean GIF score for the first three days has high prognostic value for ICU mortality in the SICU.