bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal study revealing motor, cognitive and behavioral decline in a transgenic minipig model of Huntington's disease
Authors: Baxa Monika , Levinska Bozena , Skrivankova Monika , Pokorny Matous , Juhasova Jana , Klima Jiri , Klempir Jiri , Motlı́k Jan , Juhas Stefan , Ellederova Zdenka 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT
Huntington's disease (HD) is an inherited devastating neurodegenerative disease with no known cure to date. Several therapeutic treatments for HD are in development, but their safety, tolerability and efficacy need to be tested before translation to bedside. The monogenetic nature of this disorder has enabled the generation of transgenic animal models carrying a mutant huntingtin (mHTT) gene causing HD. A large animal model reflecting disease progression in humans would be beneficial for testing the potential therapeutic approaches. Progression of the motor, cognitive and behavioral phenotype was monitored in transgenic Huntington's disease minipigs (TgHD) expressing the N-terminal part of human mHTT. New tests were established to investigate physical activity by telemetry, and to explore the stress-induced behavioral and cognitive changes in minipigs. The longitudinal study revealed significant differences between 6- to 8-year-old TgHD animals and their wild-type (WT) controls in a majority of the tests. The telemetric study showed increased physical activity of 4.6- to 6.5-year-old TgHD boars compared to their WT counterparts during the lunch period as well as in the afternoon. Our phenotypic study indicates progression in adult TgHD minipigs and therefore this model could be suitable for longstanding preclinical studies of HD.
This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Common Skiing and Snowboarding Injuries
Authors: Weinstein Sarah , Khodaee Morteza , VanBaak Karin 
Published: November 2019

AbstractParticipation in skiing, and especially snowboarding, continues to rise. As participation and level of competition in these winter sports increases, the number of injuries increases as well. Upper-extremity injuries are more common in snowboarding, whereas lower-extremity injuries are more common in skiing. Head injuries, particularly concussions, are common in both sports. Special consideration in these sports should be given to environmental conditions, such as high altitude and ultraviolet radiation. The purpose of this review is to discuss the most common musculoskeletal injuries seen in skiing and snowboarding, as well as considerations for initial assessment of these injuries and triage to the appropriate level of care. It is important for sports medicine physicians covering these sports to understand initial assessment and treatment of these injuries. Due to the potential for severe injuries in these sports, it is important to be able to quickly recognize an injury that needs to be assessed and treated urgently or emergently. With the increased participation and number of injuries in these sports, it also is important to consider prevention strategies that may minimize risk of injury.
The anterolateral ligament is a secondary stabilizer in the knee joint
Authors: Kang Kyoung-Tak , Koh Yong-Gon , Park Kyoung-Mi , Choi Chong-Hyuck , Jung Min , Shin Jucheol , Kim Sung-Hwan 
Published: November 2019

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate the biomechanical effect of the anterolateral ligament (ALL), anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), or both ALL and ACL on kinematics under dynamic loading conditions using dynamic simulation subject-specific knee models.MethodsFive subject-specific musculoskeletal models were validated with computationally predicted muscle activation, electromyography data, and previous experimental data to analyze effects of the ALL and ACL on knee kinematics under gait and squat loading conditions.ResultsAnterior translation (AT) significantly increased with deficiency of the ACL, ALL, or both structures under gait cycle loading. Internal rotation (IR) significantly increased with deficiency of both the ACL and ALL under gait and squat loading conditions. However, the deficiency of ALL was not significant in the increase of AT, but it was significant in the increase of IR under the squat loading condition.ConclusionThe results of this study confirm that the ALL is an important lateral knee structure for knee joint stability. The ALL is a secondary stabilizer relative to the ACL under simulated gait and squat loading conditions. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2019;8:509–517.
PEMBENTUKAN NANOPARTIKEL PADUAN CoCrMo DENGAN METODA PEMADUAN MEKANIK[Manufacturing of Co-Cr-Mo Alloy Nano-Particle by Using Mechanical Alloying]]
Authors: Sukaryo Sulistioso Giat , Adi Wisnu Ari 
Published: November 2019

AbstrakMetoda pemaduan mekanik adalah reaksi padatan dari beberapa logam dengan memanfaatkan proses deformasi untuk membentuk suatu paduan. Pada penelitian ini dibuat paduan Co-Cr-Mo dengan proses wet milling dengan variasi waktu milling selama 3, 5, 10, 20, dan 30 jam. Proses wet milling sangat efektif untuk mencegah terjadinya oksidasi dan juga memicu pembentukan paduan Co-Cr-Mo dengan baik. Hasil XRD menunjukkan bahwa telah terjadi pertumbuhan fasa γ pada durasi milling 3, 5, 10, 20, dan 30 jam, berturut-turut sebesar 42,80 %; 67,61 %; 82,94 %, 84,63 % dan 88,92 %. Ukuran kristalit fasa γ sebesar 25,9 nm; 12,5 nm; 5,1 nm dan 4,9 nm seiring dengan meningkatnya waktu milling. Disimpulkan bahwa telah berhasil dilakukan pembuatan paduan nanokristalin Co-Cr-Mo dengan metode pemaduan mekanik lebih dari 85 % dengan waktu milling minimum selama 30 jam. Kata kunci : Co-Cr-Mo, pemaduan mekanik, nano-kristalin AbstractSynthesis of Co-Cr-Mo nano-crystalline by mechanical alloying has been carried out. Mechanical alloying is a solid state reaction of some metals by utilizing the deformation process to form an alloy. In this research, parameter milling time used for making Co-Cr-Mo alloy by wet milling process is 3, 5, 10, 20 and 30 h. Wet milling process is very effective to prevent oxidation and triggers the formation of fine Co-Cr-Mo alloys. Results of XRD pattern refinement shows that Co-Cr-Mo alloys was growth by percentage approximately around 42.80%, 67.61%, 82.94%, 84.63% and 88.92% for milling time 3, 5, 10, 20, and 30 h, respectively. Otherwise, crystalline size measurement after milling time 5, 10, 20, and 30 h obtained around 25.9 nm, 12.5 nm, 5.1 nm and 4.9 nm, respectively. This research concluded that the optimum milling time could obtained synthesizes nano-crystalline of Co-Cr-Mo alloy more than 85% is 30 h. Keywords: Co-Cr-Mo alloy, mechanical alloying, nano-crystalline
Prevalence of oral mucosal status in resident and non-resident nursing home in Isfahan city, Iran: a comparative cross-sectional study
Authors: Saberi Zahra , Pakravan Fahimeh , Mohsenzadeh Leila 
Published: November 2019

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the oral mucosal status of residents nursing home and non-resident in Isfahan, Iran and compare them with each other. Material and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study comparing 281 elderly in two groups: 141 resident and 140 non-residents nursing homes in Isfahan, Iran. The selection of nursing home and all of elderly was randomly. The nonresidents elderly were randomly selected from the public places adjacent to the nursing home. Persons were examining and the relevant information recorded in a checklists. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 24 using t-test, chi square, Mann- Whitney, Fisher exact test. (?=0/05). Results: The sample of the case was 281 people, including 135 males (48%) and 146 females (52%). Of all the subjects 153 patients (54.4%) had at least one oral lesion, 78 (55.3%) in resident nursing home and 75 (53.6%) in non-resident. There was no significant difference between two groups based on Chi-Square test (P>0/05). In this study, 25 different types of lesions were recorded, the most common lesion in all participants was epulis fissuratum (12.1%). Conclusion: The results showed that the prevalence of mucosal lesions is high in the elderly living in the centers and in the non-resident. Therefore, maintaining dentures is necessary to prevent and control lesions. KeywordsLesion; Mouth mucosa; Elderly; Nursing home; Cross-sectional study.
L’âge des possibles. Adolescents entre rêve et expérience (A. Fabbrini et A. Melucci, 2017)
Authors: Mongeon Julien Gauthier 
Published: November 2019

Recensé : Anna Fabbrini et Alberto Melucci, L’âge des possibles. Adolescents entre rêve et expérience, Genève, IES, 2017, 208 p.
The Mesmerizing Journey from Gyeongju to Lisbon: The BRI as a Mechanism of De-bordering, Re-bordering, and Co-bordering
Authors: Leandro Francisco José 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis paper argues that the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) as a de-bordering mechanism makes a positive contribution to border security. Three central concepts—de-bordering, re-bordering and co-bordering—are used to examine the future of borders, and further develop the notion of the “cycle” of borders. This research adopts a political science perspective and combines the theory of borders with the Copenhagen School and Paris School of security, bearing in mind the BRI as an access strategy. Furthermore, the BRI elements of connectivity are central to de-bordering. Finally, this paper maintains that the BRI makes different contributions to border security, that borders are “alive”, and that they are the result of cooperative or antagonistic human interactions in which asymmetry in perception is the leading cause of conflict.
The geolinguistics of the Ibero-Romance comitative
Authors: Lara Victor 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The comitative represents a particular case in the Romance languages of the Iberian Peninsula. Except for Catalan, the rest of varieties possess a redundant form inherited from the evolution of the Latin postposition plus the preposition con (‘with’). However, some authors point out a tendency that favours subject forms or even stressed object forms in persons in which the norm prohibits them. With the aim of finding the vernacular responses to this respect, this paper attempts to account for all the possibilities in the comitative in the Romance languages of the Iberian Peninsula as well as the factors upon which the selection of either strategy depends.
Crystal structure of dipentyl 2,5-dihydroxycyclohexa-1,4-diene-1,4-dicarboxylate, C18H28O6
Authors: Li Zhuang-Yu , Liu Xiao-Jing , Guo Zi-Yu , Li Wen-Yu , Liu E. , Jian Fang-Fang 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
C18H28O6, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 15.061(3) Å, b = 13.791(3) Å, c = 10.106(2) Å, β = 118.60(3)°, V = 1843.0(8) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0462, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1315, T = 294.3 K.
“Culture Is What You See When Compliance Is Not in the Room”: Organizational Culture as an Explanatory Factor in Analyzing Recent INGO Scandals
Authors: Vijfeijken Tosca Bruno-van 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn recent years, leading international nongovernmental organizations (INGO) such as Oxfam International, Save the Children, and Amnesty International have been implicated in scandals about sexual abuse and other forms of abuse of power and harassment. I suggest focusing on organizational and sectoral culture as an explanatory variable for these crises, which are particularly hard hitting for purportedly value-based organizations. In the case of NGOs, in my observation as a practitioner and ‘pracademic’, these are driven by six factors:(1) particular individual leadership traits that may be prevalent especially in the emergency and humanitarian relief related sector; (2) the effect of power on leaders’ perspectives and behaviors; (3) a culture of silence that makes it hard for NGO staff to speak up about toxic workplace behaviors; (4) the presence of deep power structures within NGOs which are not openly acknowledged and therefore addressed; (5) the myth of own innocence that leads NGOs to treat wrong doing as aberrations instead of systemic problems; and finally (6) a culture of limited individual and team-level accountability practices. The extent to which these cultural failures can be addressed through formal policy and (self)regulatory measures is limited, given that culture is primarily about informal, covert belief systems. NGOs will have to do sustained and disciplined culture work themselves if the roots of the scandals are to be taken away.
Multidisciplinary Design Optimization of the Composite Cooling Structure for Nickel-based Alloy Turbine Blade
Authors: Qian Xiaoru , Yan Peigang , Han Wanjin 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
A designed method, multidisciplinary coupling computation and multiobjective optimization, has been established for the composite cooling structure of heavy gas turbine blade manufactured with a directionally solidified Ni-based superalloy. The method combines the one-dimensional fluid network gas-thermal coupling computation, three-dimensional flow field coupled with solid stress field, and anisotropic stress calculation based on finite deformation crystal slip. The temperature, flow field, Von-Mises stress and maximum resolved shear stress of the blade before and after optimization were analyzed. The results show that the optimized blade has lower maximum blade temperature, a more uniform temperature distribution, a lower flow resistance of the coolant channel at the leading edge than that of the original blade. The maximum Von-Mises stress of the optimized blade increases by 10.05 % more than the original blade. The maximum shear stress on the suction side and the pressure surface of the optimized blade are improved and slightly deteriorated compared with that of the original blade, respectively. The corresponding relationship of the maximum shear stress distribution with the local temperature gradient reveals further space for the improvement of the composite cooling structure. This paper has a particular guiding significance for the cooling structure design of the turbine blade.
A spatially separated [KBr6]5− anion in the cyanido-bridged uranium(IV) compound [U2(CN)3(NH3)14]5+[KBr6]5−·NH3
Authors: Deubner H. Lars , Kraus Florian 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The reaction of uranium tetrabromide with potassium cyanide in anhydrous liquid ammonia at room temperature leads to the formation of brown crystals of [U2(CN)3(NH3)14]5+ [KBr6]5− · NH3. We determined the crystal structure of the compound by single crystal X-ray diffraction. To the best of our knowledge it contains the unprecedented spatially separated [KBr6]5− anion and presents the first uranium(IV) cyanide compound which forms a layer structure. The compound crystallizes in the trigonal space group P3̅m1 (No. 164) with a = 10.3246(13), c = 8.4255(17) Å, V = 777.8(3) Å3, Z = 1 at T = 100 K and is well described with the Niggli formula

[

U

(
CN
)

3
2

(

NH

3

)

7
1

]

∞
2

2

[

KBr

6
1

]

.

$\mathop {} \limits_{\infty}^{2}{\left[ {{\rm{U}}{{({\rm{CN}})}_{{3 \over 2}}}{{({\rm{N}}{{\rm{H}}_3})}_{{7 \over 1}}}} \right]_2}\left[ {{\rm{KB}}{{\rm{r}}_{{6 \over 1}}}} \right].$
Knud E. Løgstrup: “Humanism and Christianity”. Translated by Kees van Kooten Niekerk, Bjørn Rabjerg and Robert Stern
Authors: Løgstrup Knud E. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Dieser Artikel ist die Übersetzung des zuerst in 1950 veröffentlichten Schlüsseltextes “Humanisme og kristendom” des dänischen Philosophen und Theologen Knud E. Løgstrup (1905–1981). In diesem Text legt Løgstrup seine Konzeption der Debatte zwischen Humanismus und Christentum dar. Er argumentiert dafür, dass die beiden Positionen nicht als einander entgegengesetzt zu betrachten sind, da beide die Interdependenz und Verletzlichkeit des Menschseins als Grundlage für eine “stumme” Forderung nach Umsorge erkennen – auch wenn der Humanismus in dieser Forderung lediglich die Leistung sozialer Normen sehen und das Christentum sie mit Lehren der Kirche verwechseln kann. So betrachtet, greift der Text als erster Entwurf jenen Ideen vor, die Løgstrup in seinem späteren Hauptwerk Den etiske fordring (1956) entwickeln sollte.
PERFORMANCE AUTORAL E IMAGINÁRIO DE UM TERRITÓRIO LITERÁRIO NA OBRA DE ALDYR GARCIA SCHLEE
Authors: Goulart Catia Dias 
Published: November 2019

Considerando um amplo repertório da obra ficcional do escritor Aldyr Garcia Schlee, desenvolvo neste artigo uma reflexão sobre a performance autoral assumida por seus narradores e a respeito da relação dos mesmos com a criação de uma região cultural entre o sul do Brasil e o Uruguai. Recorro, no campo teórico, a Paul Ricoeur (1996), pois tanto sua concepção de imaginário enquanto relação criadora do universo do real, como sua compreensão acerca das relações entre memória pessoal e coletiva (2000), oferecem pautas significativas para o exercício hermenêutico. Os aportes dos críticos argentinos Ricardo Káliman (1993) e Zulma Palermo (1994), no tocante a suas visões acerca de região cultural como um construto simbólico que implica as noções de espaço, tempo e perspectiva, também me subsidiam no diálogo com a obra do escritor fronteiriço. O caminho percorrido nesse processo de leitura contribui para um maior conhecimento da produção ficcional de Schlee, obra que promove continua reflexão sobre os mundos que o escritor co-habita, entre eles, o da arte.Palavras-chave: Schlee; metaficção; literatura de fronteira; literatura da comarca pampiana.
Loss of Tiparp Results in Aberrant Layering of the Cerebral Cortex
Authors: Grimaldi Giulia , Vagaska Barbora , Ievglevskyi Oleksandr , Kondratskaya Elena , Glover Joel C. , Matthews Jason 
Published: November 2019

Abstract2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)-inducible poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (TIPARP) is an enzyme that adds a single ADP-ribose moiety to itself or other proteins. Tiparp is highly expressed in the brain; however, its function in this organ is unknown. Here, we usedTiparp–/–mice to determine Tiparp’s role in the development of the prefrontal cortex. Loss of Tiparp resulted in an aberrant organization of the mouse cortex, where the upper layers presented increased cell density in the knock-out mice compared with wild type. Tiparp loss predominantly affected the correct distribution and number of GABAergic neurons. Furthermore, neural progenitor cell proliferation was significantly reduced. Neural stem cells (NSCs) derived fromTiparp–/–mice showed a slower rate of migration. Cytoskeletal components, such as α-tubulin are key regulators of neuronal differentiation and cortical development. α-tubulin mono-ADP ribosylation (MAR) levels were reduced inTiparp–/–cells, suggesting that Tiparp plays a role in the MAR of α-tubulin. Despite the mild phenotype presented byTiparp–/–mice, our findings reveal an important function for Tiparp and MAR in the correct development of the cortex. Unravelling Tiparp’s role in the cortex, could pave the way to a better understanding of a wide spectrum of neurological diseases which are known to have increased expression ofTIPARP.
Is MRI follow-up relevant in patients with GH-secreting pituitary adenomas primarily treated and responsive to long-acting somatostatin analogues (SMSa)?
Authors: Grandgeorge Naia , Barchetti Giovanni , Grunenwald Solange , Bonneville Fabrice , Caron Philippe 
Published: November 2019

Objective
Primary SMSa treatment can be associated with hormonal control and tumor shrinkage in patients with GH-secreting pituitary adenomas. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether regular MRI follow-up was necessary in patients with acromegaly-treated and responsive to first-generation long-acting SMSa.

Patients and methods
In this retrospective monocentric study we included patients with GH/IGF-1 hypersecretion and pituitary adenomas with normal visual field, primarily treated with first-generation long-acting SMSa between 1995 and 2015 and regularly monitored (clinical evaluation, GH/IGF-1 levels and pituitary MRI) for at least 3 years.

Results
We included 83 patients (32 men and 51 women, mean age at diagnosis 50 ± 12 years) with mean GH = 19.3 ± 25.6 ng/mL, IGF-1 = 284 ± 110% ULN and pituitary adenoma height = 12.9 ± 4.7 mm. Mean follow-up was 8.9 ± 4.9 years in 36 controlled patients and 2.0 ± 1.6 years in 47 partial responders to SMSa alone. No significant increase in pituitary adenoma height was observed. Pituitary adenoma height decreased significantly in controlled patients (diagnosis: 11.9 ± 4.8 mm, SMSa: 9.6 ± 3.3 mm, P < 0.001), and in partially responders (diagnosis: 13.6 ± 4.5 mm, SMSa: 11.5 ± 4.5 mm, P < 0.001).

Conclusion
During SMSa treatment, no significant increase in GH-secreting adenoma size was observed. Primary SMSa treatment was associated with a significantly decrease in adenoma height in our population. Our cohort data suggest that regular MRI follow-up does not seem relevant in patients with acromegaly who are responsive to SMSa treatment.
La production du schwa par des apprenants suédophones de FLE
Authors: Stridfeldt Monika 
Published: November 2019

The purpose of this paper is to examine the pronunciation of French schwa by Swedish learners of French as a foreign language. The study investigates how the learners deal with schwa deletion (mute e), which is a very frequent phonological process in spoken French, and also how the learners pronounce the schwa when it is not deleted.
Thirty learners participated in the first part of the study. Their task was to read and repeat isolated terms from two lists of words and to read a short text. The second part of the study consists of dialogues between ten learners.
The results show that many learners have difficulties in pronouncing French schwa correctly. In fact, they often pronounce it as [e] or [ɛ] (e.g. revanche pronounced [ʁevɑ̃ʃ] instead of [ʁəvɑ̃ʃ]). This problem often persists for very advanced learners, even though learners who have spent at least six months in a French-speaking country generally have better results than those who have spent less time in the target culture. However, there is a wide variation among learners and also from one word to another. As to schwa deletion, the results show that the learners delete very few schwas. They make more schwa deletions in conversation than when they read a text, but compared to native French speakers (Lyche 2016), the learners make considerably fewer schwa deletions. Moreover, the learners make very few incorrect schwa deletions, unlike what has been observed among Dutch learners (Nouveau et Detey 2007).