bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding eWOM of Chinese Governments information service: a perceived value-based perspective
Authors: Zhang Zhen , Chen Haihua , Xiao Bo 
Published: November 2019

PurposeIn a people-oriented society, it is necessary to understand the electronic word of mouth (eWOM) of information service of the government. Government affair microblogs (GAM), which play an important role in orienting online opinions, listening to public voices, establishing government image, is an ideal channel to achieve this goal. In essence, the application of GAM is to improve the communication efficiency between the government and the public. The purpose of this study is to the influence factors of GAM eWOM which will not only benefits the government in better understanding the information dissemination rules of microblogs but also provides directions for the government to improve the information service over microblogs.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper, the authors investigate and verify the regulating function, herd effect applied on GAM. The authors conduct an innovative empirical study based on perceived value theory, aiming to explore the factors that influence the eWOM of the Chinese Government.FindingsExperiments on 502 GAM users show that social identification positively affects perceived value while effort cost negatively affects perceived value, and perceived value positively influences the microblogs’ eWOM. The authors also find that the herd effect positively regulates the relationship between perceived value and GAM’s eWOM. Theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.Originality/valueIn this research, the regulating effect of herd effect on the relationship between perceived value and GAM’s eWOM has been explored. This study also provides inspirations for future government information service research and administrative measurement.
Corruption, money laundering and Nigeria’s crisis of development
Authors: Arewa Adebisi 
Published: November 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the congruence between Nigeria’s unremitting rule of law deficit, corruption pandemic and its crisis of developmentalism. The paper proves that market failures and state failures are mutually reinforcing and are functions of systemic official corruption in the private and public sectors of the Nigerian economy.

Design/methodology/approach
This study is library-based. It relies on secondary data generated by the variegated multilateral agencies, law reports of international and municipal tribunals, relevant books, journals, monographs policy papers and so forth as the basis of analysis.

Findings
Findings suggest that Nigeria’s corruption pandemic is a derivative of its unremitting rule of law deficit and that its crisis of developmentalism is a logical function of the pervasive normlessness, very wide latitude for discretion, arbitrariness, weak institutions and lack of centrality of law and its institutions, which characterise its body politik.

Social implications
Systemic corruption in Nigeria affects the citizens’ perception of social justice and equity and undermines economic efficiency. It has also distorted the work reward causality, which has engendered a rentier social-economic order.

Originality/value
By first demonstrating the congruence between Nigeria’s rule of law deficit, corruption and economic and governance failure; the paper focusses on the total breakdown of norms in the Nigerian private and public sectors and resultant stultification of economic growth, sustainable human development and pervasive impoverishment of the citizenry.
The frequency of corporate misconduct: public enforcement versus private reality
Authors: Soltes Eugene 
Published: November 2019

Purpose
Perceptions about the frequency of misconduct – among the public, academics and even regulators – have largely been formed by examining enforcement statistics, which rely on the detection and sanctioning of the misconduct. This study aims to illuminate the real occurrence of corporate misconduct, much of which escapes public detection.

Design/methodology/approach
By examining confidential firm records describing misconduct within organizations, the author shows that public enforcement statistics significantly underestimate the amount of serious malfeasance that arises within firms.

Findings
Through analyzing records for several large multinational firms, the author finds that there are, on average, more than two instances of internally substantiated misconduct per week per firm.

Originality/value
Ultimately, this analysis illustrates the challenge of addressing corporate malfeasance within large organizations.
Political connections and corporate social responsibility reporting in Portugal
Authors: Bianchi Maria Teresa , Monteiro Patrícia , Azevedo Graça , Oliveira Jonas , Viana Rui Couto , Branco Manuel Castelo 
Published: November 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to examine the relation between firms’ political connections and corporate social responsibility (CSR) reporting in Portugal. The authors argue that in settings where the existence of political connections are viewed as damaging collective interests of stakeholders, political connected firms can deal with legitimacy issues from such connections by resorting to CSR practices and the reporting thereof.

Design/methodology/approach
Using archival data from a panel sample of 36 firms from Portugal between 2009 and 2012, the authors examine the relationship between political connections and CSR reporting by way of regression analysis.

Findings
The authors find a positive relationship between political connections and CSR reporting.

Originality/value
This study draws on legitimacy theory to highlight that CSR can be used to deal with stakeholder activism and vigilance pertaining to suspicion related to the existence of political connections.
Using proxies of microbial community‐weighted means traits to explain the cascading effect of management intensity, soil and plant traits on ecosystem resilience in mountain grasslands
Authors: Piton Gabin , Legay Nicolas , Arnoldi Cindy , Lavorel Sandra , Clément Jean-Christophe , Foulquier Arnaud 
Published: November 2019

AbstractTrait‐based approaches provide a framework to understand the role of functional biodiversity on ecosystem functioning under global change. While plant traits have been reported as potential drivers of soil microbial community composition and resilience, studies directly assessing microbial traits are scarce, limiting our mechanistic understanding of ecosystem functioning.We used microbial biomass and enzyme stoichiometry, and mass‐specific enzymes activity as proxies of microbial community‐weighted mean (CWM) traits, to infer trade‐offs in microbial strategies of resource use with cascading effects on ecosystem resilience. We simulated a drought event on intact plant–soil mesocosms extracted from mountain grasslands along a management intensity gradient. Ecosystem processes and properties related to nitrogen cycling were quantified before, during and after drought to characterize ecosystem resilience.Soil microbial CWM traits and ecosystem resilience to drought were strongly influenced by grassland type. Structural equation modelling revealed a cascading effect from management to ecosystem resilience through modifications in soil nutrients, and plant and microbial CWM traits. Overall, our results depict a shift from high investment in extracellular enzymes in nutrient‐poor soils (oligotrophic strategy), to a copiotrophic strategy with low microbial biomass N:P and low investment in extracellular enzymes associated with exploitative plant traits in nutrient‐rich soils.Microbial CWM traits responses to management intensity were highly related to ecosystem resilience. Microbial communities with a copiotrophic strategy had lower resistance but higher recovery to drought, while microbial communities with an oligotrophic strategy showed the opposite responses. The unexpected trade‐off between plant and microbial resistance suggested that the lower resistance of copiotrophic microbial communities enabled plant resistance to drought.Synthesis.Grassland management has cascading effects on ecosystem resilience through its combined effects on soil nutrients and plant traits propagating to microbial traits and resilience. We suggest that intensification of permanent grassland management and associated increases in soil nutrient availability decreased plant–microbe competition for N under drought through the selection of drought‐sensitive microbial communities with a copiotrophic strategy that promoted plant resistance. Including proxies of microbial CWM traits into the functional trait framework will strengthen our understanding of soil ecosystem functioning under global change.
The vaginal metabolome and microbiota of cervical HPV‐positive and HPV‐negative women: a cross‐sectional analysis
Authors: Borgogna JC , Shardell MD , Santori EK , Nelson TM , Rath JM , Glover ED , Ravel J , Gravitt PE , Yeoman CJ , Brotman RM 
Published: November 2019

ObjectiveCharacterise the vaginal metabolome of cervical HPV‐infected and uninfected women.DesignCross‐sectional.SettingThe Center for Health Behavior Research at the University of Maryland School of Public Health.SampleThirty‐nine participants, 13 categorised as HPV‐negative and 26 as HPV‐positive (any genotype; HPV+), 14 of whom were positive with at least one high‐risk HPV strain (hrHPV).MethodSelf‐collected mid‐vaginal swabs were profiled for bacterial composition by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, metabolites by both gas and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, and 37 types of HPV DNA.Main outcome measuresMetabolite abundances.ResultsVaginal microbiota clustered into Community State Type (CST) I (Lactobacillus crispatus‐dominated), CST III (Lactobacillus iners‐dominated), and CST IV (low‐Lactobacillus, ‘molecular‐BV’). HPV+ women had higher biogenic amine and phospholipid concentrations compared with HPV– women after adjustment for CST and cigarette smoking. Metabolomic profiles of HPV+ and HPV− women differed in strata of CST. In CST III, there were higher concentrations of biogenic amines and glycogen‐related metabolites in HPV+ women than in HPV– women. In CST IV, there were lower concentrations of glutathione, glycogen, and phospholipid‐related metabolites in HPV+ participants than in HPV– participants. Across all CSTs, women with hrHPV strains had lower concentrations of amino acids, lipids, and peptides compared with women who had only low‐risk HPV (lrHPV).ConclusionsThe vaginal metabolome of HPV+ women differed from HPV− women in terms of several metabolites, including biogenic amines, glutathione, and lipid‐related metabolites. If the temporal relation between increased levels of reduced glutathione and oxidised glutathione and HPV incidence/persistence is confirmed in future studies, anti‐oxidant therapies may be considered as a non‐surgical HPV control intervention.Tweetable abstractMetabolomics study: Vaginal microenvironment of HPV+ women may be informative for non‐surgical interventions.
Chlorogenic Acid Stimulates the Thermogenesis of Brown Adipocytes by Promoting the Uptake of Glucose and the Function of Mitochondria
Authors: Han Xue , Zhang Yuxin , Guo Jielong , You Yilin , Zhan Jicheng , Huang Weidong 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBrown adipose tissue (BAT) prevents obesity and related diseases by uncoupling oxidative phosphorylation with adenosine triphosphate. Previous studies have demonstrated that polyphenols can promote the thermogenesis of BAT in mice. Chlorogenic acid (CGA) is a common phenolic acid found in fruits and vegetables, as well as traditional Chinese medicine, which is responsible for a variety of physiological activities. However, it is still unclear whether CGA has positive effects on the thermogenesis of BAT. In this study, CGA enhances the thermogenesis and proton leak of brown adipocytes, however, no changes are evident regarding the differentiation of C3H10T1/2 into brown adipocytes. Surprisingly, CGA promotes the uptake of glucose by upregulating the glucose transporter 2 and phosphofructokinase. Moreover, CGA increases the number and the function of mitochondrial. Taken together, CGA stimulates thermogenesis of brown adipocytes by promoting the uptake of glucose and the function of mitochondria.Practical ApplicationChlorogenic acid (CGA) is widely found in fruits, vegetables, and traditional Chinese medicines, which has been considered to have antibacterial and anti‐inflammatory function. However, whether it has the function of resisting obesity and promoting thermogenesis is still unclear. In this study, brown adipocyte was used to explore the function and mechanism of CGA on thermogenesis. It provides new ideas for the utilization of foods rich in CGA and traditional Chinese medicine.
Casein as a Modifier of Whey Protein Isolate Gel: Sensory Texture and Rheological Properties
Authors: Cubides Yvette T. Pascua , Eklund Peter R. , Foegeding E. Allen 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe objective of this study was to determine if casein could be used to adjust the structure of whey protein gels and alter targeted textural properties. Secondarily, we sought to determine if specific structural and mechanical properties were associated with sensory texture terms. Heat set gels were made from whey proteins alone or combined with casein in micellar or dispersed form at pH 6.0 and 5.5. Replacing the whey protein with casein produced a gel breakdown pattern that was more cohesive during mastication with increased moisture retention. Additionally, casein addition reduced gel strength but minimally altered recoverable energy (an indicator of elasticity). Structural breakdown patterns were shifted from brittle‐ to ductile‐like fracture for gels containing dispersed casein at pH 5.5 or micellar casein at pH 6.0. Shifts in microstructure observed by confocal microscopy could not explain the changes in mechanical or sensory textures. The differentiating sensory attributes among treatments were adhesiveness, cohesiveness of mass, tackiness, firmness, fracturability, and deformability. Most notably, adding casein increased cohesiveness while maintaining water holding properties. Sensory texture properties could be explained by a combination of macroscopic structural changes (appearance), fracture properties, and postfracture breakdown pattern. Overall, it was demonstrated that casein can be used to alter whey protein gel structure such that sensory firmness and fracturability are decreased and cohesiveness is increased, while preventing a large increase in moisture release.Practical ApplicationThere is a current desire to use alternative sources of protein in a variety of food applications, which requires the ability to design food structures with specific textural properties. Whey protein gels were used as a model soft solid structure with textural attributes of low cohesiveness and water release, and high firmness and fracturability. It was shown that adding casein modified the structure such that cohesiveness increased, firmness and fracturability decreased, and water holding ability was maintained. Using a second source of protein to modify a primary protein network appears to be a viable way to adjust textural properties.
Financial misreporting and peer firms' operational efficiency
Authors: Lao Brent , Yi Sheng 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe investigate the impact of financial misreporting on peer firms’ operational efficiency, defined as a firm’s efficiency in converting investments into revenues. We find that, on average, peers’ operational efficiency declines after rival firms misstate their financial performance. However, we also find that the impact of financial misreporting is not homogeneous across peer firms. The negative effect is mainly driven by non‐misstating firms that had high performance. For firms that had lower past performance, the negative effect is significantly weaker, suggesting that the perceived competition induced by misreporting has a more positive effect. In addition, we document that the effect of misreporting is influenced by peer firms’ external financing need, industry leadership status and information environment.
Discrimination and disability: Types of discrimination and association with trust, self‐efficacy and life satisfaction among older Australians
Authors: Temple Jeromey B. , Kelaher Margaret , Brooke Libby , Utomo Ariane , Williams Ruth 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the prevalence, context and types of discrimination reported by older Australians (aged 55 years and over) and associations between outcomes (trust, self‐efficacy and life satisfaction) and exposure to discrimination.MethodsThe 2014 General Social Survey was used to measure discrimination. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine associations between levels of trust, self‐efficacy and life satisfaction and exposure to discrimination.ResultsA sizeable minority of older Australians with a disability reported discrimination (15%), with higher exposure for those with more severe or multiple disabilities. In addition to disability, age and nationality, race or ethnic group were cited as reasons for discrimination. Discrimination was reported across a variety of contexts, including everyday social interactions. Lower levels of trust, self‐efficacy and life satisfaction were associated with exposure to disability discrimination.ConclusionsFocusing on disability discrimination alone underestimates the level of exposure to discrimination. Discrimination may reinforce social exclusion by reducing trust and self‐efficacy in familial and community contexts.
Victorian Voting: The Origins of Party Orientation and Class Alignment
Authors: Dewan Torun , Meriläinen Jaakko , Tukiainen Janne 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMuch of what we know about the alignment of voters with parties comes from mass surveys of the electorate in the postwar period or from aggregate electoral data. Using individual elector‐level panel data from nineteenth‐century United Kingdom poll books, we reassess the development of a party centered electorate. We show that (a) the electorate was party‐centered by the time of the extension of the franchise in 1867, (b) a decline in candidate‐centered voting is largely attributable to changes in the behavior of the working class, and (c) the enfranchised working class aligned with the Liberal left. This early alignment of the working class with the left cannot entirely be explained by a decrease in vote buying. The evidence suggests instead that the alignment was based on the programmatic appeal of the Liberals. We argue that these facts can plausibly explain the subsequent development of the party system.
Development at the Edge of Difference: Rethinking Capital and Market Relations from Lugu Lake, Southwest China
Authors: Qian Junxi , Wei Lei 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis paper rethinks the relationships between capitalist development in indigenous places and the fabric of local differences and specificities. It first develops a critical appraisal of the celebration of ethnic identities, local agency and indigenous knowledge in existing literatures. It suggests that, based on such insights, we can further envision the possibility of questioning and problematising the ontology and concept of the capitalist economy. Above all, this paper is interested in non‐capitalist factors percolating into capitalist economies and creating fissures in their logical and ontological coherence. It examines how capitalist economies depend on local specificities to achieve particular configurations. We elucidate this argument with a case study of indigenous development in Lugu Lake, Southwest China, which is inhabited by the ethnic Mosuo people. Through the dual lenses of land and labour, we pay special attention to the transition from grassroots development initiatives to heavy dependence on exogenous capital and entrepreneurs.
Larval growth and allometry in the cabbage butterfly Pieris brassicae (Lepidoptera: Pieridae)
Authors: Springolo Arianna , Rigato Emanuele , Fusco Giuseppe 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBy adopting a longitudinal study design and through geometric morphometrics methods, we investigated individual and ontogenetic variation in size, shape and timing during larval development of the cabbage butterfly Pieris brassicae under laboratory conditions. We found that ontogenetic size progression departs modestly, but significantly, from growth at a constant rate and that size at hatching contributes considerably to determine the size of the individual at all subsequent stages. As for the shape, ontogenetic allometry is much more conspicuous than static allometry, the latter in many cases being close to isometry. Analysis of developmental timing revealed a stage of apparently more effective developmental control at stage 3, supported by both the relatively small variance in cumulative developmental time up to stage 3 and by the pattern of correlation between duration of single stages. While presenting detailed quantitative aspects of growth in P. brassicae, in particular with respect to individual variation, this study and the associated dataset can provide a basis for further explorations of the post‐embryonic development in this insect and contribute to the ongoing investigations on growth regulation and control in insects.
Bridging the research‐implementation gap requires engagement from practitioners
Authors: Dubois Natalie S. , Gomez Andres , Carlson Sara , Russell Diane 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA widely recognized challenge in natural resource management and conservation is the gap between the knowledge generated by researchers and the information being used to inform policy and practice. This research‐implementation gap can limit the effectiveness of conservation practice when it results in delayed adoption of approaches that produce better outcomes or a failure to discontinue the use of ineffective practices. To date, much of the discussion about bridging the research‐implementation gap has focused on changes to the supply side, that is, the flow of information from scientists to practitioners. However, changes to the practice of conservation, the demand side, are an important, and often overlooked, component of efforts to increase conservation gains in the face of unprecedented rates of extinction. We use a decision‐theory perspective to explore how program managers and implementers can use existing tools from evidence‐based conservation and adaptive management to more efficiently allocate investments to the use and generation of evidence. Use of these frameworks to achieve broad‐scale change in conservation practice will require building additional capacities into conservation programs across scales. We recommend five actions that conservation practitioners and their institutions can take to bridge the research‐implementation gap in conservation.