bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CXCR2‐modified CAR‐T cells have enhanced trafficking ability that improves treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Liu Guangna , Rui Wei , Zheng Hongli , Huang Daosheng , Yu Fei , Zhang Yuewei , Dong Jiahong , Zhao Xueqiang , Lin Xin 
Published: January 2020

AbstractUnlike hematological malignancies, solid tumors have proved to be less susceptible to chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)‐T cell therapy, which is partially caused by reduced accumulation of therapeutic T cells in tumor site. Since efficient trafficking is the precondition and pivotal step for infused CAR‐T cells to exhibit their anti‐tumor function, strategies are highly needed to improve the trafficking ability of CAR‐T cells for solid tumor treatment. Here, based on natural lymphocyte chemotaxis theory and characteristics of solid tumor microenvironments, we explored the possibility of enhancing CAR‐T cell trafficking by using chemokine receptors. Our study found that compared with other chemokines, several CXCR2 ligands showed relatively high expression level in human hepatocellular carcinoma tumor tissues and cell lines. However, both human peripheral T cells and hepatocellular carcinoma tumor infiltrating T cells lacked expression of CXCR2. CXCR2‐expressing CAR‐T cells exhibited identical cytotoxicity but displayed significantly increased migration ability in vitro. In a xenograft tumor model, we found that expressing CXCR2 in CAR‐T cells could significantly accelerate in vivo trafficking and tumor‐specific accumulation, and improve anti‐tumor effect of these cells.
Comparative Study of Table Margarine Prepared from Moringa oleifera Seed Oil‐Palm Stearin Blend and Commercial Margarines: Composition, Thermal, and Textural Properties
Authors: Dollah Sarafhana , Chai Kong Fei , Abdulkarim Sabo Mohammed , Ghazali Hasanah Mohd 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis study aims to produce an oleic acid‐rich table margarine from Moringa oleifera seed oil (MoO)‐palm stearin (PS) blend (70:30, w/w) and compare its composition, thermal behavior, and textural properties during storage with those of commercial margarines (CM1 and CM2). The major fatty acid in MoO/PS blend, CM1 and CM2 is oleic acid (67.85%, 38.54%, and 35.35%, respectively). Hence, many of their triacylglycerols are derived from the acid. MoO/PS blend has a higher complete melting temperature (43.50 °C) compared to CM1 (35.50 °C) and CM2 (35.53 °C). The solid fat content (SFC) of MoO/PS blend at 10 °C (28.7%) is lower than CM1 (32%) and CM2 (68.4%). However, the MoO/PS blend has a higher SFC (6.47%) at 35 °C compared to CMs. At 20 °C, the viscosity of experimental blend margarine (EBM) decreases but CM1 and CM2 increase at the end of the storage study. After 8 weeks of storage, all margarines are harder and CM2 is the hardest. The adhesiveness of EMB and CM2 is similar to the fresh samples while CM1 is more adhesive after storage. In short, it is possible to produce an oleic acid‐enriched margarine from MoO/PS blend that has better textural properties.Practical Applications: Moringa oleifera seed oil is one of the superior oils that contains high levels of oleic acid. However, its high iodine value and low melting point limit its application in the production of margarine. This study shows that direct blending of M. oleifera seed oil with palm stearin could produce margarine with high oleic acid contents and better textural properties in terms of viscosity, hardness, and adhesiveness. The informative data provide supporting evidence for blending of M. oleifera seed oil with palm stearin to produce margarine that could overcome the issues that hinder the M. oleifera seed oil from being produced into margarine.
Pain assessment for cognitively impaired older adults: Do items of available observer tools reflect pain‐specific responses?
Authors: Kappesser Judith , Voit Stefanie , Lautenbacher Stefan , Hermann Christiane 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundA number of observational tools are available to assess pain in cognitively impaired older adults, however, none of them can yet be regarded as a “gold standard”. An international research initiative has created a meta‐tool compiling the facial, vocalization and body movement items of the majority of available tools. Objective of this study was to investigate the pain specificity and the validity of these items.MethodN = 34 older adults with or without cognitive impairment were videotaped in three different conditions (one reference, two painful conditions) in their nursing homes. They were further asked to self‐report their pain in each condition. The occurrence of non‐verbal behaviours was coded as present or absent using the items of the meta‐tool.ResultsThe majority of non‐verbal behaviours was not pain sensitive as they occurred less than three times across participants and conditions. Of the remaining items, two facial items (“pained expression” and “raising upper lip”), one vocalization item (“using pain‐related words”) and one body movement item (“guarding”) were found to be pain specific and valid. One additional item, the vocalization item “gasping”, was pain specific, but not associated with pain self‐report, and three additional items, the facial items “frowning” and “narrowing eyes” and the vocalization item “mumbling” were correlated with pain self‐report but did not help to separate pain from non‐pain conditions.ConclusionsSystematic evaluation of items of existing observational pain assessment tools under naturalistic conditions seems a promising approach in the process of further investigating and improving tools.SignificanceOnly few items stemming from observational pain assessment tools were found to be pain sensitive and specific as well as valid in this study. The investigation of existing tools not only on tool but additionally on item‐level can provide helpful insights and thereby can help to improve the original tools and establish a gold standard for nonverbal pain assessment in older adults with cognitive impairments.
Eating disorders and representations of the role of women in China: A qualitative study
Authors: Vu‐Augier de Montgrémier Marion , Moro Marie‐Rose , Chen Jue , Blanchet Corinne , Lachal Jonathan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractObjectiveThis qualitative study examines the representations of young Chinese girls and women with eating disorders (EDs) about the role of women in China, because conflicting societal values for women may foster the development of EDs there.MethodSemistructured interviews were conducted with 11 adolescent girls or young women hospitalized for an ED and with eight of their parents. Interpretative phenomenological analysis was used to explore the data.ResultThree superordinate themes emerged from the participants' narratives: the thin ideal in Chinese society; the experience of gender‐related pressure; and independence and autonomization in a changing society. The ideal of thinness prevails, both in interpersonal relationships and in social roles. Highly codified representations persist, limiting women's opportunities. The participants and their parents show substantial ambivalence about independence; the young women have real difficulty in making decisions, thus failing to adopt roles that accord with their aspirations.DiscussionYoung girls' and women's representations of their gender could have implications in the development of EDs, mediated by their focus on thinness and their difficulties in constructing their identity, in developing autonomy and self‐esteem, as well as family conflict. These findings indicate that construction of femininity in China is unsettled by rapid societal changes.
Role of energy storage systems in energy transition from fossil fuels to renewables
Authors: Kalair Anam , Abas Naeem , Saleem Muhammad Shoaib , Kalair Ali Raza , Khan Nasrullah 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe present the role of heat and electricity storage systems on the rapid rise of renewable energy resources and the steady fall of fossil fuels. The upsurge in renewable resources and slump in fossil fuel consumptions is attributed to sustainable energy systems, energy transition, climate change, and clean energy initiatives. The fast growth of renewables brings new design and operational challenges to transition towards 100% renewable energy goal. Energy storage systems can help ride‐through energy transition from hydrocarbon fuels to renewable sources. Nuclear fusion and artificial photosynthesis are the ultimate Holy Grails for permanent clean energy solutions. Plants harvest light and store it in chemical energy to regulate the food supply chain that may be a guideline for an energy transition from fossil fuels to renewables. Heat and electricity storage devices can account for the periodic nature of solar and wind energy sources. Solar thermal systems for water and space heating are also a viable solution for subzero temperature areas. This study presents the transition of world's energy prospect from fossil fuels to renewables and new advances in energy storage systems.
The natural variability of clay and its impact on provenance study of pottery in Vanuatu and further afield
Authors: Leclerc Mathieu 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis article documents the significant horizontal (across the landscape) and vertical (across the stratigraphy) chemical variability of volcanic clays from Vanuatu, South Pacific. Data illustrate why the chemical composition of the clay matrix in pottery should be used very cautiously in characterization or provenance studies. The variability of natural clays on Efate, Erromango, and Malekula is so significant that the data set disproves the assumption that two pottery samples with clay matrices showing similar chemical composition necessarily originate from the same location, the same bedrock, the same region, or even from the same island. This study is also a reminder that the outcomes of chemical characterizations and provenance studies of pottery are directly dependent on the scale at which the investigation is undertaken. In light of the data, it is also clear that such studies should not be undertaken in other similar insular environments affected by regular volcanic activity along the Circum‐Pacific Belt without assessing the natural variability of the raw material. Without an adequate sampling of natural clay representative of the vertical and geographic variability, the results from the chemical analysis of clay matrices risk of leading to incorrect associations between pots and procurement areas.
Social connections and tertiary health‐care utilization
Authors: Debnath Sisir , Jain Tarun 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe use of tertiary health care by socially proximate peers helps individuals learn about program and treatment procedures, signals that using such care is socially appropriate, and could support the use of formal health care, all of which could increase program utilization. Using complete administrative claims data from a publicly financed tertiary care program in India, we estimate that the elasticity of first‐time claims with respect to claims by members of caste groups within the village is 0.046, with smaller effects of more socially distant individuals. The point elasticity of inpatient care expenditure with respect to claims filed by the same group in village peers in the previous quarter is
0.035. We find support for an information channel as peers increase awareness of the program and its features. Our findings have implications for the development of network‐based models to determine health‐care demand, as well as in use of network‐based targeting to boost tertiary health‐care utilization.
The contribution of group work to the goals of comprehensive primary health care
Authors: Freeman Toby , Baum Fran , Javanparast Sara , Labonté Ronald , Lawless Angela , Barton Elsa 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIssue addressedGroup work, such as peer support and health promotion is an important strategy available to comprehensive primary health care. However, group work and how it contributes to the goals of comprehensive primary health care has been under‐researched and under‐theorised.MethodsIn this 5‐year study, we partnered with seven Australian primary health care services, and drew on service reports, two rounds of staff interviews (2009‐2010 and 2013, N = 68 and 55), 10 community assessment workshops (N = 65), a client survey (N = 315) and case tracking of clients with diabetes (N = 184, plus interviews with 35 clients, and five practitioners) and clients with depression (N = 95, plus interviews with 21 clients, and 11 practitioners). We conducted a rapid literature review of existing research on group work, and developed a model showing a group work reinforcing cycle. We examined the nature of the groups run, and the benefits staff and clients perceived.ResultsBenefits were grouped into four main themes: (a) social support, including for clients of the Aboriginal services, opportunities to celebrate their cultural identity, (b) improving skills and knowledge, (c) increasing access to services and (d) empowerment and solidarity.ConclusionsThe perceived collective and individual benefits aligned with a comprehensive primary health care vision. However, the individualism stressed by neoliberal‐driven health policy threatened the provision of group work and its potential collectivist benefits.So WhatThere are multiple benefits of group work in primary health care that cannot be achieved through individual work, highlighting the importance of policy and organisational support for group work.
Regulation of synaptic vesicle acidification at the neuronal synapse
Authors: Gowrisankaran Sindhuja , Milosevic Ira 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe vacuolar H+‐adenosine triphosphatases (vATPases) acidify multiple intracellular organelles, including synaptic vesicles (SVs) and secretory granules. Acidification of SVs represents a critical point during the SV cycle: without acidification, neurotransmitters cannot be loaded into SVs. Despite the obvious importance of the vesicle acidification process for neurotrasmission and the life of complex organisms, little is known about the regulation of vATPase at the neuronal synapse. In addition, the composition of the vATPase complex on the SVs is unclear. Here, we summarize the key features of vATPase found on SVs, and propose a model of how vATPase activity is regulated during the SV cycle. It is anticipated that the information from the SV lumen is communicated to SV surface in order to signal successful acidification and neurotransmitter loading: we postulate here that the regulators of the vATPase activity exist (e.g., Rabconnectin‐3) that promote the recruitment of SV peripheral proteins and, consequently, SV fusion.
ERp29 affects the migratory and invasive ability of human extravillous trophoblast HTR‐8/SVneo cells via modulating the epithelial‐mesenchymal transition
Authors: Zou Shaohan , Dong Ruirui , Zou Ping , Meng Xina , Zhang Ting , Luo Liang , Li Na , Wang Yao , Wang Jing , Wang Tiejun , Zhang Yan , Chen Minjian , Zhou Conghua , Han Fei 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDysfunction of trophoblast metastasis into the endometrium is the main cause of pre‐eclampsia (PE); however, the factors affecting this process are still unclear. In this study, we found that endoplasmic reticulum protein 29 (ERp29), one molecular chaperone of the endoplasmic reticulum, was aberrantly upregulated in the placenta of pre‐eclamptic patients compared with healthy controls. Then, an in vitro study using human extravillous trophoblast HTR‐8/SVneo cells showed that ERp29 upregulation could inhibit the migratory and invasive ability of HTR‐8/SVneo cells, while ERp29 downregulation had the opposite effect. Mechanical experiments confirmed that ERp29 blocked trophoblast metastasis via inhibiting the process of epithelial‐mesenchymal transition and affecting the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway. In conclusion, this study revealed the important role of ERp29 in trophoblast metastasis and improved the mechanical understanding of PE occurrence.
Monte Carlo simulation and thermodynamic integration applied to protein charge transfer
Authors: Kaiser Jan , Castellano Mike , Gnandt David , Koslowski Thorsten 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe introduce a combination of Monte Carlo simulation and thermodynamic integration methods to address a model problem in free energy computations, electron transfer in proteins. The feasibility of this approach is tested using the ferredoxin protein from Clostridium acidurici. The results are compared to numerical solutions of the Poisson‐Boltzmann equation and data from recent molecular dynamics simulations on charge transfer in a protein complex, the NrfHA nitrite reductase of Desulfovibrio vulgaris. Despite the conceptual and computational simplicity of the Monte Carlo approach, the data agree well with those obtained by other methods. A link to experiments is established via the cytochrome subunit of the bacterial photosynthetic reaction center of Rhodopseudomonas viridis.
A retrospective cohort study of preoperative lipid indices and their impact on new‐onset diabetes after liver transplantation
Authors: Liang Jing , Yi Xilu , Xue Mengjuan , Chen Xianying , Huang Xiaowu , Sun Qiman , Wang Ting , Zhao Chenhe , Yang Yinqiu , Gao Jian , Zhou Jian , Fan Jia , Yu Mingxiang 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe correlation between preoperative lipid profiles and new‐onset diabetes after transplantation (NODAT) remains relatively unexplored in liver transplant recipients (LTRs). Thus, we aimed to investigate the preoperative lipid profiles in Chinese LTRs and evaluate the different influences of preoperative total cholesterol, total triglycerides (TG), high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol on the development of NODAT in both sexes.MethodsA total of 767 Chinese LTRs from Zhongshan Hospital were retrospectively evaluated. NODAT was defined according to the American Diabetes Association guidelines; the relationship between each preoperative lipid index and NODAT development was analyzed separately in men and women.ResultsPretransplant hypotriglyceridemia was observed in 35.72% of the total LTRs. In men, only the preoperative TG level was significantly associated with incident NODAT after adjusting for potential confounders (hazard ratio 1.37, 95% confidence interval 1.13‐1.66, P = .001). There was a nonlinear relationship between the preoperative TG level and NODAT risk. The risk of NODAT significantly increased with preoperative a TG level above 0.54 mmol/L (log‐likelihood ratio test, P = .043). In women, no significant association was observed.ConclusionAmong male LTRs, a higher preoperative TG level, even at a low level within the normal range, was significantly and nonlinearly associated with an increased risk of NODAT.
Comparison of “Lumipulse anti‐Treponema pallidum” and “Architect Syphilis TP” and further examination
Authors: Liang Jianbo , Wan Jianxin , Huang Chumei , Cai Gaorong , Li Laisheng , Liu Min 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundSyphilis is a sexually transmitted disease caused by Treponema pallidum (TP) infection. In recent years, diagnostic reagents with fully automated immunoassay instruments have become mainstream. However, these positive screening tests with high sensitivity, which are performed with full automation, need confirmation by Treponema pallidum particle agglutination (TPPA) to be judged as positive.MethodsWe evaluated the diagnostic performance of Lumipulse G TP‐N assay (Lumi‐TP, Fujirebio Inc) in 223 preselected TP‐positive samples and 1041 TP‐negative samples, compared it with that of the TP gold standard test (TPPA) and Architect Syphilis TP test (Archi‐TP, Abbott).ResultsThe concordance rates for the results for the positive and negative samples between Lumi‐TP and TPPA were 100%. On the other hand, the rates for the results between Archi‐TP and TPPA were 100% for positive samples and 99.14% (1032/1041) for negative samples. Correlation tendency and rate between Archi‐TP and Lumi‐TP were 2.549 and 0.841 in positive specimens up to 160 detected values in Lumi‐TP. However, the detection value of Archi‐TP reached a plateau when it exceeded about 40. Furthermore, according to the comparison of each value obtained from Archi‐TP and Lumi‐TP with the strength of the staining of each line in the immune‐chromatography assay kit, ESPLINE TP (Fujirebio Inc) for TP major antigens, Tp15‐17 and TpN47, it was found that Lumi‐TP obtained higher values than Archi‐TP, particularly for TpN 47.ConclusionsLumi‐TP has high specificity and is useful not only for screening but also for determining the amount of anti‐TP antibodies.
A new type of somatosensory organ in the nasolabial skin of the dog
Authors: Elofsson Rolf , Kröger Ronald H. H. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA new morphological type of somatosensory organ is described. It is found in the glabrous skin of the dog nose (rhinarium or planum nasale) and situated in dermis papillae. The otherwise thick epidermis forms a thin window above the organ. There are only a few layers of keratinocytes in the window and the corneocytes are much thinner than elsewhere. The organ consists of highly branching cells that wrap naked nerve endings emanating from myelinated nerve fibers originating in the outer dermal nerve plexus. The structure entirely fills the top of the dermal papilla. The intercellular spaces of the organ and its surroundings are occupied by an extended areolar basal lamina.
Changes in the Corticospinal Tract Beyond the Ischemic Lesion Following Acute Hemispheric Stroke: A Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging Study
Authors: Yu Xinfeng , Jiaerken Yeerfan , Wang Shuyue , Hong Hui , Jackson Alan , Yuan Lixia , Lou Min , Jiang Quan , Zhang Minming , Huang Peiyu 
Published: January 2020

BackgroundThe degeneration of the corticospinal tract (CST) in chronic stroke has been widely described using diffusion tensor imaging and correlates with the extent of motor deficits. However, only a few studies have reported the early degeneration in the distal CST during the acute stage of stroke and pathological changes in the distal CST have not been described.PurposeTo study the microstructural changes along the CST beyond the ischemic lesion in acute stroke using diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI).Study TypeProspective.PopulationIn all, 48 patients (26 males, 22 females; mean age 58.27 ± 12.89 years) with acute ischemic stroke.SequenceA DKI sequence with three b‐values (0, 1000, and 2000 s/mm2) at 3.0T MRI.AssessmentThe kurtosis and tensor parameters were derived from DKI and were compared along the length of the CST beyond the ischemic lesion between the affected and unaffected hemispheres using both voxelwise and slicewise analysis. The degree of neurological deficits was evaluated using the National Institute of Health Stroke Score (NIHSS) and the Barthel index and the clinical outcome at 3 months was evaluated using a modified Rankin scale.Statistical TestsPaired t‐tests, a linear mixed model, and multivariate linear regression.ResultsVoxelwise analysis demonstrated increased mean kurtosis, increased axial kurtosis, and decreased axial diffusivity in the affected CST, which were seen only at the level of the cerebral peduncle (all corrected P < 0.05). Slicewise analysis also demonstrated increased axial kurtosis in the cerebral peduncle of the affected CST (corrected P < 0.05). The axial kurtosis from slicewise analysis independently correlated with the motor component of NIHSS (β = 0.297, P = 0.040).Data ConclusionOur findings suggest that early anterograde degeneration occurs along the axon direction in the distal CST in acute stroke, and can be detected using DKI. Moreover, acute axonal degeneration along the CST correlated with motor deficits.Level of Evidence2Technical Efficacy Stage1 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;52:512–519.