bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of fibroin polypeptide from silk processing waste as an effective biosorbent for heavy metal removal
Authors: Huang Yifeng , Farooq Muhammad Usman , Kundu Prodip , Hazarika Swapnali , Feng Xianshe 
Published: November 2020

AbstractSilk fibroin was extracted from Bombyx mori cocoon and used as a biosorbent to remove Pb2+, CrO42−, Cu2+, and Co2+ from aqueous solutions. The sorption isotherms for the metals in fibroin were determined, and a thermodynamic analysis (ΔG°, ΔH°, and ΔS°) of the sorption process showed that the metal sorption in fibroin was physical, spontaneous, and endothermic. The sorption kinetics data was found to match well with the modified pseudo‐second‐order rate model, and the sorption rate constant was determined based on a rectified approach of model fitting. It was shown that the sorption rate constant was largely independent of the initial sorbate concentration, which was expected because it is a specific quantity characterizing the relationship between sorbate concentration and the rate of sorption. The metal‐loaded fibroin could be regenerated easily by stripping the metal off fibroin using ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid, and the sorption performance of the regenerated fibroin remained the same as pristine fibroin. When used repeatedly over 10 sorption‐regeneration cycles, the fibroin biosorbent showed no change in sorption capacity, which demonstrates the excellent stability and reusability of the fibroin biopolymer for metal capture from water.
Composition dependence of cyclohexane‐extracted gangue drying at ambient conditions
Authors: Khalkhali Reza , Choi Phillip 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe drying of residue cyclohexane in a series of reconstituted gangue samples at ambient conditions was studied. The reconstituted gangue samples contained controlled amounts of residual bitumen, water, and fines (solid particles <45 μm). Regardless of the gangue composition, the initial drying flux was constant, and more than 90% of the residual cyclohexane was removed in this stage. The initial drying was driven by the liquid film flow induced by the differences in liquid film's radii of curvature along the pore channels. The liquid was a diluted bitumen solution that was transported to the surface, where cyclohexane evaporated with a rate comparable to that of pure cyclohexane evaporation. Upon the solvent evaporation, the dissolved bitumen was deposited on the sample surface. The residual bitumen content exerted an adverse effect on the initial drying flux because the dissolved bitumen significantly increased the solution viscosity, thereby reducing the liquid film flow rate. There existed an optimum water content range (3.9‐6.0 wt%) that facilitated the formation of bitumen solution film in the pores, favouring drying. When there was a high concentration of water or no water, the initial drying flux was decreased remarkably. The initial drying flux was insensitive to the fines content. Adding fines may have two counteracting effects on the drying process. Fines decreased the mean pore size, thereby lowering the liquid film flow rate. However, the hydrophobicity of the pore surfaces was increased as fines are usually covered by asphaltenes. This favours liquid film formation.
BN Fused Diazulenyl‐Carbazole: Synthesis, Structure, and Properties
Authors: Zhuang Fang‐Dong , Yang Jing‐Hui , Sun Ze‐Hao , Zhang Peng‐Fei , Chen Qi‐Ran , Wang Jie‐Yu , Pei Jian 
Published: November 2020

Main observation and conclusionBy combination of two special structural units, a boron‐nitrogen‐fused polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and azulene with strong intramolecular dipoles, a novel BN aromatics, BN‐Az, has been designed and synthesized with unique characteristics. The structure, optical and electrochemical properties, as well as charge transport property of BN‐Az have been investigated. Notably, BN‐Az selectively responds to fluoride ions and protons with a significant color change, which could also be monitored by NMR spectra and single‐crystal X‐ray analysis, indicating its potential as an effective ion sensing material in stimuli‐responsive electronic devices.
Radical Carbonylation under Low CO Pressure: Synthesis of Esters from Activated Alkylamines at Transition Metal‐Free Conditions
Authors: Zhao Fengqian , Ai Han‐Jun , Wu Xiao‐Feng 
Published: November 2020

Main observation and conclusionHigh CO pressure (> 40 bar) is usually needed in radical carbonylation reactions in the absence of metal catalyst. In this communication, we developed a transition‐metal‐free radical carbonylation of activated alkylamines with phenols and alcohols under low CO pressure (1—6 bar). Various esters were obtained in moderate to excellent yields under simple reaction conditions with good functional group compatibility.
When orofacial pain needs a heart repair
Authors: Adamo Daniela , Calabria Elena , Coppola Noemi , Pecoraro Giuseppe , Buono Giuseppe , Mignogna Michele Davide 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectivesThe association of chronic orofacial pain (COFP) and congenital heart disease has never previously been reported. We report the first case of COFP secondary to a right‐to‐left shunt (RLS) due to asymptomatic patent foramen ovale (PFO) in a patient with prothrombotic states.Materials and methodsA 48‐year‐old female patient presented with a 10‐month history of left‐sided facial pain who was initially diagnosed with persistent idiopathic facial pain (PIFP) on account of its similar characteristics. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain revealed gliosis and carotid siphon tortuosity; in addition, hyperhomocysteinaemia due to the homozygosis mutation for 5,10 MethyleneTetraHydroFolate Reductase was identified. Transcranial doppler ultrasonography was requested from a neurology consultant which revealed a high degree of RLS. Subsequently, a cardiological evaluation was performed; the specialist requested a transesophageal echocardiography that detected an interatrial septum aneurysm with PFO.ResultsBased on the analysis of the patient's high degree of RLS, prothrombotic state and gliosis in relation to age, the cardiological consultant chose to perform a percutaneous closure of the PFO to avoid the risk of a cryptogenic stroke. After PFO closure, a complete remission of the pain was obtained.ConclusionsThe disappearance of the pain supports the possible association between RLS and COFP. PFO with RLS has been suggested as a risk factor for cryptogenic stroke, especially in association with other thromboembolic risk factors. Therefore, the early detection, in this case, could be considered a possible lifesaver. Communication between different care providers is essential when the patient presents symptoms of facial pain which are of an atypical nature.
Enhanced cognitive behavior therapy for severe and extreme anorexia nervosa: An outpatient case series
Authors: Calugi Simona , Sartirana Massimiliano , Frostad Stein , Dalle Grave Riccardo 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe study aimed to assess outcomes in patients with severe and extreme anorexia nervosa managed with enhanced cognitive behavior therapy (CBT‐E) in a real‐world outpatient setting.MethodThirty patients with anorexia nervosa and body mass index (BMI) <16 aged ≥17 years were recruited from consecutive referrals to an eating disorder service clinic offering outpatient CBT‐E. BMI and Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE‐Q), Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI), and Clinical Impairment Assessment (CIA) scores were recorded at admission, end of treatment, and 20‐ and 60‐week follow‐ups for treatment completers.ResultsTwenty patients (66.7%) completed the treatment and showed both considerable weight gain (Cohen's f = 1.43), and significantly reduced scores for clinical impairment (f = 1.26) and eating‐disorder (f = 1.03) and general psychopathology (f = 0.99). Changes remained stable at both follow‐ups. About half of the patients who completed treatment had a BMI ≥18.5 at the end of treatment and follow‐ups.DiscussionCBT‐E seems suitable and promising for patients with severe and extreme anorexia nervosa seeking treatment in a real‐world clinical setting, provided that their medical conditions are stable, and they have no current major depressive episodes or substance abuse; it may represent a valid alternative to inpatient treatment for those who are able to sustain engagement in a full course of outpatient treatment.
Impact of sex differences in co‐morbidities and medication adherence on outcome in 25 776 heart failure patients
Authors: Gürgöze Muhammed T. , van der Galiën Onno P. , Limpens Marlou A.M. , Roest Stefan , Hoekstra René C. , IJpma Arne S. , Brugts Jasper J. , Manintveld Olivier C. , Boersma Eric 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAimsHealth insurance claims (HIC) databases in the Netherlands capture unselected patient populations, which makes them suitable for epidemiological research on sex differences. Based on a HIC database, we aimed to reveal sex differences in heart failure (HF) outcomes, with particular focus on co‐morbidities and medication.Methods and resultsThe Achmea HIC database included 14 517 men and 11 259 (45%) women with a diagnosis treatment code for chronic HF by January 2015. We related their sex, co‐morbidities, and medication adherence (medication possession rate >0.8) with the primary endpoint (PE) of all‐cause mortality or HF admission during a median follow‐up of 3.3 years, using Cox regression. Median age of men and women was 72 and 76 years, respectively. Prevalence of co‐morbidities and use of disease‐modifying drugs was higher in men; however, medication adherence was similar. At the end of follow‐up, 35.1% men and 31.8% women had reached the PE. The adjusted hazard ratio for men was 1.25 (95% confidence interval: 1.19–1.30). A broad range of co‐morbidities was associated with the PE. Overall, these associations were stronger in women than in men, particularly for renal insufficiency, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease/asthma, and diabetes. Non‐adherence to disease‐modifying drugs was related with a higher incidence of the PE, with similar effects between sexes.ConclusionsIn a representative sample of the Dutch population, as captured in a HIC database, men with chronic HF had a 25% higher incidence of death or HF admission than women. The impact of co‐morbidities on the outcome was sex dependent, while medication adherence was not.
Advanced cancer is also a heart failure syndrome: a hypothesis
Authors: Anker Markus S. , Sanz Ana Pardo , Zamorano José L. , Mehra Mandeep R. , Butler Javed , Riess Hanno , Coats Andrew J.S. , Anker Stefan D. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWe present the hypothesis that advanced stage cancer is also a heart failure syndrome. It can develop independently of or in addition to cardiotoxic effects of anti‐cancer therapies. This includes an increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias. We suggest the pathophysiologic link for these developments includes generalized muscle wasting (i.e. sarcopenia) due to tissue homeostasis changes leading to cardiac wasting associated cardiomyopathy. Cardiac wasting with thinning of the ventricular wall increases ventricular wall stress, even in the absence of ventricular dilatation. In addition, arrhythmias may be facilitated by cellular wasting processes affecting structure and function of electrical cells and conduction pathways.We submit that in some patients with advanced cancer (but not terminal cancer), heart failure therapy or defibrillators may be relevant treatment options. The key points in selecting patients for such therapies may be the predicted life expectancy, quality of life at intervention time, symptomatic burden, and consequences for further anti‐cancer therapies.The cause of death in advanced cancer is difficult to ascertain and consensus on event definitions in cancer is not established yet. Clinical investigations on this are called for. Broader ethical considerations must be taken into account when aiming to target cardiovascular problems in cancer patients.We suggest that focused attention to evaluating cardiac wasting and arrhythmias in cancer will herald a further evolution in the rapidly expanding field of cardio‐oncology.
Quantification of the bisphosphonate alendronate using capillary electrophoresis mass spectrometry with dynamic pH barrage junction focusing
Authors: Zhao Tingting , Wang Lingyu , Li Yueyang , Chen Sijia , Wang Rizhi , Chen David Da Yong 
Published: November 2020

AbstractA quantitative method was developed for the direct identity confirmation and quantification of alendronate using CE‐MS combined with a pH‐assisted focusing technique, dynamic pH barrage junction focusing. A pH‐induced variation in electrophoretic mobility led to online focusing of alendronate at the sample/pH barrage boundary, significantly improving the detection sensitivity. In addition, the use of a flow‐through microvial CE electrospray interface and the multiple reaction monitoring mode of MS further improved the specificity and quantification capability of this technology. This quantitative method presented a wide linear dynamic range over 8–2000 ng/mL and an LOD of 2 ng/mL. A 460‐fold improvement in sensitivity was obtained when pH barrage junction focusing was applied during the CE process, in comparison to when normal CE was conducted without online sample stacking. The superior detection sensitivity over previously reported methods enables direct analysis of bisphosphonate compounds, eliminating tedious pre‐column sample enrichment and derivatization. Validation of alendronate content in a commercial drug tablet further proved the reliability and power of this method. This simple method with no sample derivatization, superior sensitivity, and short run time (<8 min) is a promising alternative for accurate quantification of alendronate and other types of bisphosphonate compounds in both drug formulations and plasma samples.
Fast grid search and bootstrap‐based inference for continuous two‐phase polynomial regression models
Authors: Son Hyunju , Fong Youyi 
Published: November 2020

AbstractTwo‐phase polynomial regression models (Robison, 1964; Fuller, 1969; Gallant and Fuller, 1973; Zhan et al., 1996) are widely used in ecology, public health, and other applied fields to model nonlinear relationships. These models are characterized by the presence of threshold parameters, across which the mean functions are allowed to change. That the threshold is a parameter of the model to be estimated from the data is an essential feature of two‐phase models. It distinguishes them, and more generally, multiphase models, from the spline models and has profound implications for both computation and inference for the models. Estimation of two‐phase polynomial regression models is a nonconvex, nonsmooth optimization problem. Grid search provides high‐quality solutions to the estimation problem, but is very slow when performed by brute force. Building upon our previous work on piecewise linear two‐phase regression models estimation, we develop fast grid search algorithms for two‐phase polynomial regression models and demonstrate their performance. Furthermore, we develop bootstrap‐based pointwise and simultaneous confidence bands for mean functions. Monte Carlo studies are conducted to demonstrate the computational and statistical properties of the proposed methods. Three real datasets are used to help illustrate the application of two‐phase models, with special attention on model choice.
Affectionless control: A parenting style associated with obesity and binge eating disorder in adulthood
Authors: Amianto Federico , Martini Matteo , Olandese Francesco , Davico Chiara , Abbate‐Daga Giovanni , Fassino Secondo , Vitiello Benedetto 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectiveObesity is rising globally with a heavy health and economic burden. Early attachment experiences are relevant to the development of obesity. The purpose of this study was to investigate if parental care and attachment style experienced in childhood is associated with obesity, with or without binge eating disorder (BED), in adulthood.MethodParental style, personality traits, and psychopathology were assessed in 810 clinically referred adults with obesity, of whom 357 with BED and 453 without BED (non‐BED), and 463 healthy subjects (HS). Assessments included the Parental Bonding Instrument, Temperament and Character Inventory, Eating Disorder Inventory‐2, Symptom Checklist‐90 and Beck Depression Inventory‐II.ResultsBoth BED and non‐BED reported lower maternal and paternal care and higher overprotection than HS. BED reported worse levels of parental care than non‐BED and HS. ‘Affectionless control’ parenting style was more frequently reported by both BED and non‐BED than HS. No significant differences in parenting style emerged between BED and non‐BED.ConclusionsPerception of parental ‘affectionless control’ was associated with obesity in adults, and lower quality of parental care was more frequently reported by participants with BED. Parental style may constitute an important target for early interventions to prevent obesity.
Influence of germinated brown rice‐based flour modified by MAse on type 2 diabetic mice and HepG2 cell cytotoxic capacity
Authors: Nguyen Ngoc Thi Le , Nguyen Binh Duong Thanh , Dai Trang Thi Xuan , Co Son Hong , Do Thao Thi , Tong Thi Anh Ngoc , Oladapo Ibitoye Joshua , Nguyen Cong Ha 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis study aimed to discover whether using maltogenic amylase (MAse) to modify starch in germinated brown rice flour may enhance slow digestion starch and release more bioactive compounds (BCs) content. To achieve this aim, the starch was modified with four levels of MAse (0 U, 133 U, 266 U and 399 U MAse/g flour) for 1 hr at pH 5 and then spray‐dried to make modified flour. The biochemical impacts of the products were then accessed in normal and type 2 diabetic mice for 4 weeks. The result showed that when the starch was modified by MAse 266 U/g, a significant reduction of rapidly digested starch to 22.35% from 61.56%, an increase in slowly digested starch to 33.09% while resistant starch as 2.92% corresponding to the increase of γ‐amino butyric acid to 528.1 ± 44.1 mg/L and 120.6 ± 10.9 mg/L of ferulic acid. The extract from modified flour showed very strong cytotoxic activity against HepG2 cell (>80% inhibition). The result in vivo showed that the type‐2 diabetic mice fed with this modified product could better improve the stability of the glycemic index. Also, atherosclerotic plaque assessment further supports these findings. The results indicated that BCs released considerably couple with the changes in starch properties caused by MAse enhanced the effectiveness of this product to diabetes as well as positive effect on cytotoxic activity against HepG2 cell.
Homologous recombination deficiency in breast cancer: Implications for risk, cancer development, and therapy
Authors: Ali Rayhaan M. M. , McIntosh Stuart A. , Savage Kienan I. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAn underlying cause of breast cancers has been largely attributed to defects in the DNA damage response (DDR) pathway. In particular, the homologous recombination (HR) pathway repairs double‐stranded breaks (DSBs) in DNA, ultimately protecting the cell from genomic instability and thus preventing the accumulation of transforming mutations. In line with this, mutations in a number of genes encoding HR proteins are a well‐studied cause of HR deficiency (HRD), and, at the germline level, can confer risk to breast cancer but also occur somatically, contributing to sporadic breast cancer development, progression and response to therapy. Our understanding of the biological processes involved in HR and how these become compromised during breast cancer development has led to a better understanding of how HRD cells can be targeted with specific DNA damaging agents and/or with synthetic lethal targeting approaches such as PARP inhibition. Additionally, in vitro and preclinical modeling has supported the development of clinical trials to assess targeted therapies such as PARP inhibitors (PARPis), ultimately leading to development of therapies with greater clinical benefit. A number of challenges have been encountered, including resistance to therapy; however, addressing these challenges head‐on and continually driving scientific research and clinical trials with innovative therapies will contribute to our ability to target HRD in breast cancers. Ongoing research efforts into HRD in breast cancer development are therefore essential, even in the era of targeted therapies, to provide innovative strategies for improved tumor responses.
Dp71 contribution to the molecular scaffold anchoring aquaporine‐4 channels in brain macroglial cells
Authors: Belmaati Cherkaoui Mehdi , Vacca Ophélie , Izabelle Charlotte , Boulay Anne‐Cécile , Boulogne Claire , Gillet Cynthia , Barnier Jean‐Vianney , Rendon Alvaro , Cohen‐Salmon Martine , Vaillend Cyrille 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIntellectual disability in Duchenne muscular dystrophy has been associated with the loss of dystrophin‐protein 71, Dp71, the main dystrophin‐gene product in the adult brain. Dp71 shows major expression in perivascular macroglial endfeet, suggesting that dysfunctional glial mechanisms contribute to cognitive impairments. In the present study, we investigated the molecular alterations induced by a selective loss of Dp71 in mice, using semi‐quantitative immunogold analyses in electron microscopy and immunofluorescence confocal analyses in brain sections and purified gliovascular units. In macroglial pericapillary endfeet of the cerebellum and hippocampus, we found a drastic reduction (70%) of the polarized distribution of aquaporin‐4 (AQP4) channels, a 50% reduction of β‐dystroglycan, and a complete loss of α1‐syntrophin. Interestingly, in the hippocampus and cortex, these effects were not homogeneous: AQP4 and AQP4ex isoforms were mostly lost around capillaries but preserved in large vessels corresponding to pial arteries, penetrating cortical arterioles, and arterioles of the hippocampal fissure, indicating the presence of Dp71‐independent pools of AQP4 in these vascular structures. In conclusion, the depletion of Dp71 strongly alters the distribution of AQP4 selectively in macroglial perivascular endfeet surrounding capillaries. This effect likely affects water homeostasis and blood–brain barrier functions and may thus contribute to the synaptic and cognitive defects associated with Dp71 deficiency.
Circular RNA circ_0004507 contributes to laryngeal cancer progression and cisplatin resistance by sponging miR‐873 to upregulate multidrug resistance 1 and multidrug resistance protein 1
Authors: Yi Xuehan , Chen Wei , Li Chen , Chen Xiaoqiang , Lin Qin , Lin Shuchun , Wang Desheng 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundCircular RNAs (circRNAs) play critical roles in various types of cancer and chemosensitivity.MethodsThe expression levels of circ_0004507 and microRNA‐873 (miR‐873) were measured by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR). The interaction between circ_0004507 and miR‐873 was predicted by circinteractome and verified by dual‐luciferase reporter assay and RNA pull‐down assay. Xenograft tumor model was established to confirm the biological role of circ_0004507 in vivo.Resultscirc_0004507 was highly expressed and miR‐873 was lowly expressed in laryngeal cancer tissues. circ_0004507 knockdown or miR‐873 overexpression inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and increased apoptosis and cisplatin sensitivity in laryngeal cancer cells. miR‐873 was identified as a direct target of circ_0004507. circ_0004507 interference inhibited tumor growth and promoted cisplatin sensitivity by upregulating miR‐873 in vivo.ConclusionKnockdown of circ_0004507 inhibited laryngeal cancer progression and cisplatin resistance by sponging miR‐873, providing a potential target for laryngeal cancer therapy.