bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prenatal maternal stress and autistic‐like behaviours in Chinese preschoolers
Authors: Chen Ying‐Jie , Strodl Esben , Wu Chuan‐An , Chen Jing‐Yi , Huang Li‐Hua , Yin Xiao‐Na , Wen Guo‐Min , Sun Deng‐Li , Xian Dan‐Xia , Li Chen‐Guang , Yang Gui‐You , Chen Wei‐Qing 
Published: November 2020

AbstractExposure to prenatal maternal stress (PNMS) has been implicated as a risk factor for a range of psychiatric disorders in children. However, there have been a few studies showing inconsistent associations between PNMS and offspring autistic‐like behaviours. We therefore aimed to examine whether trimester‐specific PNMS exposure might be related to an increased risk of autistic‐like behaviours among preschoolers. Using data from Longhua Children Cohort Study, mothers of 65,931 preschool children were asked to recall their level of PNMS in each of the three trimesters of pregnancy, while children's current autistic‐like behaviours were assessed using the Autism Behaviour Checklist. A series of Cox regression models were fitted to assess the association between PNMS exposure and autistic‐like behaviours. After adjusting for potential confounders, the Cox regression models showed that PNMS exposure, especially during the second pregnant trimester, was significantly and positively associated with the presence of children's autistic‐like behaviours. The strength of these associations was enhanced with the increase of PNMS exposure level. Furthermore, based on different permutations of exposure versus no exposure in each trimester, the participants were divided into eight groups. A cross‐over analysis confirmed the aforementioned finding that the second pregnant trimester might be the sensitive period for PNMS exposure increasing the risk of autistic‐like behaviours. Our findings supported the hypothesis of an association between PNMS exposure and autistic‐like behaviours among preschoolers. Preventive interventions should be trialled to examine whether minimizing maternal psychological stress during pregnancy, especially the second trimester, may reduce the risk of offspring autistic‐like behaviours.
Foster Care: How We Can, and Should, Do More for Maltreated Children
Authors: Font Sarah A. , Gershoff Elizabeth T. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractFoster care provides round‐the‐clock substitute care for nearly 700,000 U.S. children who are temporarily or permanently separated from their family of origin each year. Each state manages its own foster care system according to federal regulations. Despite numerous large‐scale federal policy reforms over the past several decades, substantial concerns remain about the experiences and outcomes of children in the foster care system. The most recent effort to reform foster care, the Family First Prevention Services Act of 2018, attempts to both reduce the use of foster care and increase the quality of care. In this report, we review how policy has shaped the experiences and outcomes of children in foster care, where policy has succeeded, and where it falls short of achieving its goals. We then identify opportunities for federal and state policy to better support the safety, health, and well‐being of children in foster care.
Building a Global Development Cooperation Regime: Failed but Necessary Efforts
Authors: Mello e Souza André de 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis chapter addresses two main questions. First, would a global development cooperation regime serve the 2030 Agenda better than current institutions? Second, how can recent failures to build such a regime be explained given attempts to render the GPEDC more inclusive and legitimate? Drawing from mainstream regime theory and examining recent transformations in the nature of global development cooperation, I argue that a broader regime is necessary and preferable to the status quo for reasons of efficiency. I also resort to models of stakeholder participation in governance institutions to suggest that Brazil, India, and China exited the GPEDC not because of incompatibility of interests with OECD countries, but because they did not value the regime sufficiently and found it difficult to exert influence in it.
India as a Partner in Triangular Development Cooperation
Authors: Paulo Sebastian 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe chapter argues that India’s emerging practice of triangular cooperation does not fit easily with established definitions and concepts. India’s special brand of engagement in triangular cooperation has the potential to reshape important aspects of the global architecture of development cooperation and make significant contributions to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. The chapter suggests how Indian experience can inform the analysis and international practice to increase the value of triangular cooperation for developing countries.
An Evolving Shared Concept of Development Cooperation: Perspectives on the 2030 Agenda
Authors: Chakrabarti Milindo , Chaturvedi Sachin 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWith a collective commitment to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the worlds of development cooperation, in general, and development finance, in particular, are keenly looking for new and innovative sources of financing for effective and timely outcomes. This chapter considers three successful efforts at providing global public goods for the goal of achieving the 2030 Agenda that operationalise development cooperation in a more “shared” manner, thereby opening up space for engagement by multiple stakeholders in a less hierarchical manner. It identifies three common ingredients that make meaningful contributions to the success of these efforts: access to resources, access to participatory institutions, and ensuring multi-stakeholder participation.
Collecting the Data
Authors: Mariel Petr , Hoyos David , Meyerhoff Jürgen , Czajkowski Mikolaj , Dekker Thijs , Glenk Klaus , Jacobsen Jette Bredahl , Liebe Ulf , Olsen Søren Bøye , Sagebiel Julian , Thiene Mara 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis chapter discusses aspects related to data collection. It focuses, firstly, on sampling issues and, secondly, on the survey mode. Sampling issues include sample size and the type of sampling that enable precise estimates to be obtained. Regarding the survey mode, discrete choice experiments can be implemented by mail, telephone, face-to-face or web surveys. Each of these survey modes has its advantages and shortcomings. They are described and compared in the course of this chapter, addressing an important decision in the planning process of a discrete choice experiment.
Econometric Modelling: Basics
Authors: Mariel Petr , Hoyos David , Meyerhoff Jürgen , Czajkowski Mikolaj , Dekker Thijs , Glenk Klaus , Jacobsen Jette Bredahl , Liebe Ulf , Olsen Søren Bøye , Sagebiel Julian , Thiene Mara 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis chapter addresses basic topics related to choice data analysis. It starts by describing the coding of attribute levels and choosing the functional form of the attributes in the utility function. Next, it focuses on econometric models with special attention devoted to the random parameter mixed logit model. In this context, the chapter compares different coefficient distributions to be used, addresses specifics of the cost attribute coefficient and it pays attention to potential correlations between random coefficients. Finally, topics related to the estimation procedure such as assuring its convergence or random draws are discussed.
Knowledge Diplomacy as Facilitator of Transformation Towards Sustainability—The “New Diplomacy” and Consensual Knowledge
Authors: Hernandez Ariel Macaspac 
Published: November 2020

AbstractNegotiations over the best way to address climate change and sustainable development are heavily dependent on input from scientific and expert communities. While policy-makers seek to rationalize and thereby legitimate their decisions through evidence-based decisions frameworks, this unprecedented reliance on scientific knowledge has inadvertently led to a perceived erosion of state authority and a weakening of democracy. It has been strongly suggested that the use of scientific knowledge in policy-making is reducing the demand or need for concordant consensus-building, or distorting deliberation processes through the emergence of new forms of dependency.
Theoretical Models, Case Studies and Simulation Games as Knowledge and Decision Tools
Authors: Hernandez Ariel Macaspac 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe methodological challenges identified by this book reflect the limitations of or the constraints on the ontological conceptualization of transformation towards sustainability due to complexity and uncertainty. This complexity is exacerbated by the inevitable contextualization of sustainable, low-carbon transformation, where there is the need to find ways to assess and understand the political, economic, cultural, technological and environmental context from many analytical and governance levels, degrees and scales of causalities as well as making use of insights from these contexts to draw up lessons for others. The context, as reflected by socio-technical and socio-linguistic narratives, not only defines power relations between agents (e.g., between change agents and status quo agents), but also constitutes the audience as codified by social contracts.
Einführung
Authors: Pröbstl-Haider Ulrike , Lund-Durlacher Dagmar , Obersteiner Gudrun , Prettenthaler Franz , Damm Andrea , Stolba Petra 
Published: November 2020

ZusammenfassungDie österreichische Tourismusbranche kann auf viele Jahrzehnte einer wirtschaftlich erfolgreichen Entwicklung zurückblicken und leistet einen wesentlichen Beitrag zur bundesweiten Gesamtwirtschaftsleistung und -beschäftigung. Ein Großteil des Sommer- und Wintertourismus in Österreich ist mit Aktivitäten in der Natur verbunden und somit höchst sensitiv auf Änderungen des Klimas – vor allem hinsichtlich Niederschlagsmengen und Temperaturen. Der Klimawandel hat somit einen großen Einfluss auf die Nachfrage durch Touristinnen und Touristen sowie auf das Angebot an Attraktionen in Österreich (Köberl et al. 2014).
Globale Erwärmung: Ist ein Kurswechsel möglich?
Authors: Wittpahl Volker 
Published: November 2020

ZusammenfassungIm September 2015 haben die Vereinten Nationen die Ziele für eine nachhaltige Entwicklung verabschiedet, die bis zum Jahr 2030 erreicht werden sollen. Es wurden 17 Ziele der nachhaltigen Entwicklung, die „Strategic Development Goals (SDG)“, in einer Liste von 169 Zielen mit 232 einzelnen Indikatoren definiert, zu denen sich alle Lander der Welt verpflichtet haben.
Digitalisierung − Segen oder Fluch für den Klimaschutz?
Authors: Randhahn Annette , Kerbusch Jochen , Gaaß Markus , Richter Doreen 
Published: November 2020

ZusammenfassungDer Klimawandel und die Bedrohung unserer Lebensgrundlagen durch die voranschreitende Ausbeutung unserer natürlichen Ressourcen: Kann die Digitalisierung dabei helfen, diesen großen Herausforderungen der Menschheit entgegenzuwirken? Oder treibt sie den Klimawandel eher voran? Und falls ja, in welchen Aspekten? Ob wir die eine Entwicklung nutzen können und werden, um die andere abzubremsen oder gar aufzuhalten, hangt von zahlreichen Faktoren ab.
Fridays for Education: Status quo der Nachhaltigkeitsvermittlung in Deutschland
Authors: Bertini Anastasia , Ritzmann Susanne , Fünfhaus Annika , Globisch Sabine , Thomsen Maren 
Published: November 2020

ZusammenfassungWir befinden uns in einem beschleunigten Klimawandel, der Anpassungen auch im Bildungssystem notwendig macht. Die meisten Kompetenzen, die zur Vermeidung von klimaschädlichen Emissionen und den Umgang mit Klimafolgen in Schulen, beruflichen Bildungseinrichtungen und Hochschulen zu vermitteln sind, sind mit dem Begriff der Nachhaltigkeit aufs Engste verknüpft.
Klimakonsequenzen für Natur und Mensch
Authors: Wittpahl Volker 
Published: November 2020

ZusammenfassungKlimamodelle sind aktuell die besten Instrumente, um eine Prognose für die klimabedingten Veränderungen in den kommenden Jahren abzugeben. Wie schon bei der Bestimmung der Strahlungsbilanz und des Strahlungsantriebs (RF)15 zu sehen ist, gibt es Grenzen der Modelle, deren man sich bewusst sein muss. Dennoch erlauben sie, hilfreiche Erkenntnisse zur Veränderung des Klimas zu gewinnen.
Optimal results in Lorentzian Aubry–Mather theory
Authors: Suhr Stefan 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis article complements the Lorentzian Aubry–Mather Theory in Suhr (Geom Dedicata 160:91–117, 2012; J Fixed Point Theory Appl 21:71, 2019) by giving optimal multiplicity results for the number of maximal invariant measures. As an application the optimal Lipschitz continuity of the time separation on the Abelian cover is established.
Clinical and Organizational Impact of the AIRSEAL® Insufflation System During Laparoscopic Surgery: A Systematic Review
Authors: Balayssac David , Selvy Marie , Martelin Anthony , Giroudon Caroline , Cabelguenne Delphine , Armoiry Xavier 
Published: November 2020

AbstractSeveral low‐impact laparoscopic strategies have been developed to improve the safety of pneumoperitoneum. We conducted a systematic review to establish the current evidence base for the use of the AIRSEAL® insufflation device for low‐pressure pneumoperitoneum in laparoscopic surgery. We searched the literature using several electronic databases, for studies with comparative design published in the English language from January 2010 to April 2020. The population of interest included patients with any type of health condition who underwent laparoscopic surgery using the AIRSEAL® insufflation system or a standard CO2 insufflator. Ten studies (four randomized clinical trials/six non‐randomized clinical trials), that enrolled 1394 participants in total who underwent urology, gynaecology or abdominal surgeries, were included. Total complication rates were similar between groups. Only three studies evaluated the impact of the insufflation system on post‐operative pain, and showed inconsistent benefit of AIRSEAL® (significant decrease in pain in two studies, no difference in one). The same was observed in the two sole studies in which pain killers consumption was measured (significant decrease in morphine consumption 24 h after surgery in one study, no difference in the other). Operative duration was significantly shorter with AIRSEAL® in three studies. For both post‐operative room and total length of stay, there was no difference between groups. No studies reported economic outcomes. Current literature supports the feasibility of the AIRSEAL® system during laparoscopic surgery but more studies are required to establish the added clinical benefit and to explore the preferences of physicians and patients.
Some q-Supercongruences from Transformation Formulas for Basic Hypergeometric Series
Authors: Guo Victor J. W. , Schlosser Michael J. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractSeveral newq-supercongruences are obtained using transformation formulas for basic hypergeometric series, together with various techniques such as suitably combining terms, and creative microscoping, a method recently developed by the first author in collaboration with Zudilin. More concretely, the results in this paper includeq-analogues of supercongruences (referring top-adic identities remaining valid for some higher power ofp) established by Long, by Long and Ramakrishna, and several otherq-supercongruences. The six basic hypergeometric transformation formulas which are made use of are Watson’s transformation, a quadratic transformation of Rahman, a cubic transformation of Gasper and Rahman, a quartic transformation of Gasper and Rahman, a double series transformation of Ismail, Rahman and Suslov, and a new transformation formula for a nonterminating very-well-poised$${}_{12}\phi _{11}$$12ϕ11series. Also, the nonterminatingq-Dixon summation formula is used. A special case of the new$${}_{12}\phi _{11}$$12ϕ11transformation formula is further utilized to obtain a generalization of Rogers’ linearization formula for the continuousq-ultraspherical polynomials.
The contrasting effects of thermodynamic and dynamic processes on East Asian summer monsoon precipitation during the Last Glacial Maximum: a data-model comparison
Authors: Sun Yong , Wu Haibin , Kageyama Masa , Ramstein Gilles , Li Laurent Z. X. , Tan Ning , Lin Yating , Liu Bo , Zheng Weipeng , Zhang Wenchao , Zou Liwei , Zhou Tianjun 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe Last Glacial Maximum (LGM; 21 ka BP) was the most recent glacial period when the global ice sheet volume was at a maximum. Therefore, the LGM can be used to investigate atmospheric dynamics under a climate that differed significantly from the present. This study quantitatively compares pollen records of boreal summer (June–July–August) precipitation with the PMIP3 LGM simulations. The data-model comparison shows an overall agreement on a drier than pre-industrial East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) climate. Nevertheless, 17 out of 55 records show a regional precipitation increase that is also simulated over the additional land mass area due to sea level drop. The thermodynamic and dynamic responses are analyzed to explain a drier LGM EASM as a combination of these two antagonistic mechanisms. Relatively low atmospheric moisture content was the main thermodynamic control on the lower LGM (relative to pre-industrial levels) EASM precipitation amounts in both the reconstructions and the models. In contrast, two dynamic processes in relation to stationary eddy activity act to increase EASM precipitation regionally in records and simulations, respectively. Precipitation increase in records is explained by dynamic enhancement of the horizontal moisture transport, while dynamic enhancement of the vertical moisture transport leads to simulated precipitation increase over the specific region where landmass was exposed during LGM along continental coastlines of China due to significant drop in sea level (relative to pre-industrial levels). Overall, the opposing effects of thermodynamic and dynamic processes on precipitation during the LGM provide a means to reconcile the spatial heterogeneity of recorded precipitation changes in sign, although data-model comparison suggests that the simulated dynamic wetting mechanism is too weak relative to the thermodynamic drying mechanism over data-model disagreement regions.
Prospektive Verlaufsbeobachtung einer universitären Rheumaambulanzkohorte während der ersten Welle der COVID-19-Pandemie
Authors: Braunisch M. C. , Bachmann Q. , Hammitzsch A. , Lorenz G. , Geisler F. , Schmaderer C. , Heemann U. , Moog P. 
Published: November 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Im März 2020 breitete sich die SARS-CoV-2-Pandemie initial v. a. in Bayern aus. Zu diesem Zeitpunkt war weitgehend unklar, wie mit der immunmodulatorischen Therapie bei Rheumapatienten umzugehen ist.

Ziel der Arbeit
Das Ziel war es, den Einfluss der Pandemie auf klinische Entscheidungen zu erfassen.

Material und Methoden
Es wurden zwischen dem 16.03. und 31.07.2020 Patienten eingeschlossen, die sich in der Rheumaambulanz des Klinikums rechts der Isar vorstellten. Anpassungen der Therapie erfolgten nach klinischem Ermessen und in Anlehnung an die Handlungsempfehlungen der DGRh.

Ergebnisse
Es wurden 322 Patienten eingeschlossen. Die häufigsten Diagnosen waren die rheumatoide Arthritis mit 17 %, die ANCA-assoziierte Vaskulitis (AAV) mit 14 % sowie der SLE mit 12 %; 262 Patienten erhielten eine DMARD-Therapie und 77 Patienten orale Glukokortikoide. Es lagen 5 SARS-CoV-2-Verdachtsfälle vor. Kein Patient erkrankte nachweislich an COVID-19. Eine Therapieänderung erfolgte aufgrund der Pandemie bei 40 Patienten. Dabei kam es bei 3 Patienten zu einem Flare der Grunderkrankung. Eine Therapiedeeskalation erfolgte am häufigsten bei AAV, IgG4-assoziierter Erkrankung sowie bei gleichzeitig bestehenden Malignomen und beim Einsatz von Rituximab.

Diskussion
In dieser Single-Center-Kohorte legt das gänzliche Fehlen von nachweislichen SARS-CoV-2-Infektionen in einer sonst relativ stark betroffenen Region den Schluss nahe, dass kein überproportional erhöhtes Infektionsrisiko für Patienten mit entzündlich rheumatischen Erkrankungen zu bestehen scheint. Eine Fortführung der meisten immunsuppressiven Therapien erscheint daher sinnvoll.
Stent treatment or surgical closure for perforated duodenal ulcers: a prospective randomized study
Authors: Arroyo Vázquez Jorge Alberto , Khodakaram Kaveh , Bergström Maria , Park Per-Ola 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
Perforated peptic ulcer is a life-threatening condition. Traditional treatment is surgery. Esophageal perforations and anastomotic leakages can be treated with endoscopically placed covered stents and drainage. We have treated selected patients with a perforated duodenal ulcer with a partially covered stent. The aim of this study was to compare surgery with stent treatment for perforated duodenal ulcers in a multicenter randomized controlled trial.

Methods
All patients presenting at the ER with abdominal pain, clinical signs of an upper G-I perforation, and free air on CT were approached for inclusion and randomized between surgical closure and stent treatment. Age, ASA score, operation time, complications, and hospital stay were recorded. Laparoscopy was performed in all patients to establish diagnosis. Surgical closure was performed using open or laparoscopic techniques. For stent treatment, a per-operative gastroscopy was performed and a partially covered stent was placed through the scope. Abdominal lavage was performed in all patients, and a drain was placed. All patients received antibiotics and intravenous PPI. Stents were endoscopically removed after 2–3 weeks. Complications were recorded and classified according to Clavien-Dindo (C-D).

Results
43 patients were included, 28 had a verified perforated duodenal ulcer, 15 were randomized to surgery, and 13 to stent. Median age was 77.5 years (23–91) with no difference between groups. ASA score was unevenly distributed between the groups (p = 0.069). Operation time was significantly shorter in the stent group, 68 min (48–107) versus 92 min (68–154) (p = 0.001). Stents were removed after a median of 21 days (11–37 days) without complications. Six patients in the surgical group had a complication and seven patients in the stent group (C-D 2–5) (n.s.).

Conclusions
Stent treatment together with laparoscopic lavage and drainage offers a safe alternative to traditional surgical closure in perforated duodenal ulcer. A larger sample size would be necessary to show non-inferiority regarding stent treatment.