bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Robust Downscaling Method for Integration of Static and Dynamic Models
Authors: Dair Yerkinbek , Li Dachang , Saifutdinov Raif , Yergaliyeva Bakyt , Karabakiyeva Gulsina , Ehighebolo Ivbade Thaddeus 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In order to run reservoir simulation efficiently, a coarse scale (CS) dynamic model is created by upscaling of a fine scale (FS) static model. All history match (HM) changes usually done in the CS dynamic model need to be downscaled to FS for geological justifications and consistency maintenance between the FS static and CS dynamic models. This paper proposes a robust downscaling method for integration of FS static and CS dynamic models. The proposed method downscales a HMDM (dynamic model) to HMSM (static) in multiple steps. Scale-up the ISM (initial) to CS to create an IDM. Identify the cell changes between HMDM and IDM, and transfer the changes to FS to create a MSM (modified). Scale-up the MSM to CS to create to a MDM and calculate the ratios between HMDM and MDM for all cell properties. Transfer the ratios to FS to create a HMSM. Scale-up the HMSM to CS to confirm its identity to the HMDM. Selection of sampling and zone mapping methods is critical in all steps. The proposed method has been successfully applied in a giant carbonate oil field in the Caspian Sea that consists of a matrix dominated platform and a fracture/karst dominated rim. Due to the field's complex geology and high H2S content (15%), a dual porosity, dual permeability compositional model has been created to model compositional sour crude flow within/between matrix and fracture/karst. The FS static model contains a 236m × 236m horizontal grid with 593 layers while the CS dynamic model has the horizontal cell sizes in a range of 236m to 944m with 73 layers. Rock regions, permeability, and reservoir connectivity in the CS dynamic model were calibrated using the field historical production data (e.g., static pressure, PLT, interference test, and GOR/water-cut data) to create a HMDM. Since the HM process was performed only in the CS dynamic model, the FS static model and HMDM became inconsistent. Appling the proposed downscaling method has helped the HM team to resolve this issue and resulted in a seamless link between the FS static and CS dynamic models for current and future HM and model updates.
A Study on New Copolymer Coated Material for Managing Pararffin Wax Deposition in Pipelines Production Operations
Authors: Mombekov Bagdat , Aliyu Sulaimon Adebayo , Saaid Ismail Bin , Dairov Zhassulan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The deposition of wax on the inner surface of subsea pipelines is a prevalent problem during the production and transportation of waxy crude oil. It can reduce effective diameter and restrict fluid flow through the pipeline. In this study, we evaluated the effect of Steel pipe, Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) pipe and Ethylene-Tetra-Fluoro-Ethylene (ETFE) – coated – pipe on wax deposition at different temperatures and flow rates. A flow loop facility was designed to investigate the effect of different pipe surfaces on wax deposition or inhibition. Increasing temperature differential between crude oil and pipe wall, generally increased the aggregates in the three pipes. However, the amount of deposited wax gradually reduces as deposition thickness increases due to increasing trapped oil within the wax aggregates. Thus, the volume of the trapped oil increases with temperature differential. Conversely, as flow rate increases, the deposition thickness reduces, indicating less trapping of the oil as the concentration of the deposited wax increases. The least amount of deposition was observed for the ETFE – coated – pipe and a higher wax deposition reduction efficiency (70 % in average) obtained compared to steel pipe and PVC pipes. The ETFE – coated – pipe reduces wax deposition by modifying the wetting properties of the inner walls of the pipe and reducing the free surface energy of the pipe wall. ETFE has low thermal conductivity which prevents heat loss thereby making it more effective in reducing wax deposition.
Streamline-Based Miscible Gas Flood Performance Evaluation and Pattern Balancing: A Case Study from the Giant Kashagan Field
Authors: Ashenov Nurken Nurlanovich , Francia Luigi , Haynes Jr. Byron 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Miscible gas injection in the Kashagan platform started in 2017 and has been ongoing for three years. Gas injection in the platform carries both EOR and a facilities de-bottlenecking component. Initial flood assessment studies done using classical FD simulation have not provided the full picture of the reservoir dynamics to understand the performance of miscible gas injection. Areal reservoir depletion, pressure support and gas breakthrough events were challenging to quantify and characterize in terms of standalone full field FD simulation. Reservoir management strategy for operating the gas injection area was to maximize production from nearby producers and inject the full compressor potential. However, due to the fact that wells have different potentials driven by reservoir heterogeneity, areal distribution of cumulative reservoir fluid withdrawals and injection ended up being significantly different, which lead to flood pattern imbalances.
The operator has implemented a modeling workflow that combines post-processing of history matched numerical simulation model with streamline tracing and integration of time-lapse well allocation factors (WAFs) to quantify and analyze flood performance. This paper presents how to use streamline modeling to estimate well-pair dynamic control volumes and a numerical integration workflow of the dynamic WAFs to evaluate pattern performance to guide flood balancing strategy.
Streamline-based modeling workflow provides additional value by 3D visualization of the dynamic flood patterns and quantification of the individual pattern metrics. Numeric integration of injector-producer allocation factors (WAFs) and control volumes (CVs) allowed the construction of well pair conformance plots. Ranking of the patterns and I-P pairs filtered the outlier patterns with over injected and produced volumes and helped to focus on specific areas in need for pattern balancing.
A list of producers with the highest pore volumes of gas injected were identified as at-risk wells for gas breakthrough and GOR elevation, which was confirmed by well test results. The first three wells with a rise in GOR and breakthrough sequence perfectly matched with the prediction of pattern performance. Those were identified as at-risk producers based on streamline modeling outputs. Verification of the analysis by field surveillance data gave confidence in reliability of the streamline-based flood evaluation approach. The outcomes of this study helped to understand miscible gas front movement and depletion dynamics in the gas injection area. This case study demonstrates how complementing finite-difference modeling with streamline analysis is necessary for achieving a complete assessment of the miscible gas flood performance.
Multiple Realization Approach in 3D Dynamic Modeling Under Hydraulic Fracturing and Geological Uncertainties
Authors: Bigeldiyev Asfandiyar , Abdrazakov Dmitriy , Kovyazin Dmitriy , Batu Assem , Malyshev Vladimir , Sidorov Dmitriy , Voigtlaender Gernot , Nauruzov Talgat 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This study suggests a robust multiple realization approach to determine optimum production stimulation strategy. Unlike the majority of existing similar studies, the suggested approach concentrates both on geological uncertainties and improving of hydraulic fracturing modeling. Existing similar studies either concentrate on the reservoir uncertainties (i.e., ignoring the importance of hydraulic fracturing simulation and calibration), or vice versa, concentrate on the sensitivity of the hydraulic fracturing parameters (i.e., ignoring the wide range of geological uncertainties).
The key feature of the suggested approach is the use of a single platform for static geological model, hydraulic fracturing simulator, and hydrodynamic modeling.
The study shows the example of suggested approach implementation on one of the complex oilfields in Western Kazakhstan, where approach helped to determine the probability of stimulation success and allowed to determine the optimum stimulation strategy.
Improvements in Ice Thickness Measurements Techniques in Ice Environment
Authors: Tlepkaziyeva Aruzhan Abzalkyzy , Yergaliyev Abzal Tlepkaziyevich 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Today, the Oil&Gas industry is seeking for new technologies to reduce the cost of projects and work for profit in period for low price natural hydrocarbons on stock market. Present paper is representing the use of mobile ice thickness radar antenna to measure the profile of ice in a real-time mode. This technique was for the first time implemented in Kazakhstan along the NCOC N.V. pipeline in 2019 to monitor the ice thickness for bearing capacity of vehicles for safe transportation of personnel and equipment in floating ice conditions.
Social participation needs of older adults living in a rural regional county municipality: Toward reducing situations of isolation and vulnerability
Authors: Levasseur Melanie , Routhier Sonia , Clapperton Irma , Doré Chantal , Gallagher Frances 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Social participation is restricted for approximately half the older adult population but is critical in fostering community vitality, promoting health, and preventing disabilities. Although targeted through interventions by community organizations, healthcare professionals and municipalities, little is known about the needs of older adults to participate socially, especially in rural areas. This study thus aimed to identify and prioritize the social participation needs of older adults living in a rural regional county municipality.Methods: A participatory action research was conducted in a rural regional county municipality (RCM) in Quebec, Canada, with a convenience sample of 139 stakeholders, including older adults, caregivers, healthcare and community organization managers, healthcare and community organization workers, community partners and key informants.Results: Facilitators and barriers to social participation are related to personal factors (e.g., health, interests, motivation), the social environment (e.g., availability of assistance or volunteers) and the physical environment (e.g., distance to resources, recreational facilities and social partners). Nine older adults’ needs emerged and were prioritized as follows: 1) having access to and being informed about transportation options, 2) being informed about available activities and services, 3) having access to activities, including volunteering opportunities, suited to their interests, schedule, cost, language and health condition, 4) being accompanied to activities, 5) having access to meeting places near home and adapted to their health condition, and 6-9 (no preferred order) being reached when isolated, being personally invited and welcomed to activities, having a social support network, and being valued and recognized. Differences emerged when prioritizing needs of older adults with disabilities (greater need for assistance, accessibility and adapted activities) and older adults living in a rural area (greater need for transportation).Conclusions: To promote active participation in the community, the social participation needs of older women and men living in rural areas must be addressed, especially in regard to transportation, information, adapted activities, assistance and accessibility. The first part of this action research will be followed by community selection and implementation of initiatives designed to ultimately foster their social participation.
Neuroprotective effect of Indobufen against pyroptosis following cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury both in vivo and in vitro
Authors: Zhang Tian , Xu Dan , Li Fengyang , Liu Rui , Hou Kai , Gou Xue , Liu Jia , Fang Weirong , Li Yunman 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Indobufen is a new generation of antiplatelet agents and has been shown to have antithrombotic effects in animal models. However, the efficacy of Indobufen on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and its mechanisms remain to be investigated. Methods: In this study, the efficacy of Indobufen with both pre- (5days) and post- (15days) treatment on rats suffering middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R, 2h of ischemia and 24h/15days of reperfusion) was investigated. Furthermore, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were cultured and underwent oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) injury for in vitro studies. Relationship between Indobufen and pyroptosis associated NF-κB/Caspase-1/GSDMD pathway was preliminarily discussed. Results: The pharmacodynamic tests revealed that Indobufen ameliorated I/R injury by decreasing the platelet aggregation, infarct size, brain edema and neurologic impairment in rats and rescuing cell apoptosis/pyroptosis in HUVECs. The underlying mechanisms were probably related to pyroptosis suppression by platelet inhibition induced regulation of the NF-κB/Caspase-1/GSDMD pathway.Conclusion: Overall, these studies indicates that Indobufen exerts protective and therapeutic effects against I/R injury by pyroptosis suppression via downregulating NF-κB/Caspase-1/GSDMD pathway.
Association between lipoprotein cholesterol and future cardiovascular disease and mortality in older adults: a Korean nationwide longitudinal study
Authors: Kim Seung Hee , Son Ki Young 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundDyslipidemia is an independent health risk factor of cardiovascular disease (CVD), a leading cause of mortality in older adults. Despite its importance, there have been few reports on the association between lipoprotein cholesterol and future CVD and cardiovascular (CV) mortality among elderly Asians. This study investigated the association between lipoprotein cholesterol and future CVD and CV mortality in an elderly Korean population using a large nationwide sample.MethodsFrom the cohort database of the Korean National Health Insurance Service, a total of 62,604 adults aged 65 years or more (32,584 men and 30,020 women) were included. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) values were categorized by quartiles. Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess the association between the quartiles of lipoprotein cholesterol and CV events or CV mortality.ResultsThe mean follow-up period was 3.3 years. The incidence rates of ischemic heart disease and ischemic brain disease were 0.97 and 0.61 per 1,000 person-years, and the mortality rates from these diseases were 0.22 and 0.34 per 1,000 person-years. In a completely adjusted model, high HDL-C and LDL-C levels were not associated with the total CV events and deaths from CVD. However, high LDL-C levels were significantly associated with a lower incidence of ischemic brain disease. Furthermore, diabetic patients with high LDL-C were more likely to have higher CV mortality, whereas non-smokers with high LDL-C were less likely to be at risk of CV events.ConclusionsNeither high LDL-C nor HDL-C was significantly associated with future CV mortality in older adults aged ≥ 65 years. Older adults with diabetes were significantly associated with a higher risk of CV mortality in high LDL-C levels.
Comparison of Reversal of Rat Pulmonary Fibrosis of Nintedanib, Pirfenidone and Human Umbilical Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Wharton’s Jelly
Authors: Chu Kuo-An , Yeh Chang-Ching , Kuo Fu-Hsien , Lin Wen-Ren , Hsu Chien-Wei , Chen Tien-Hua , Fu Yu-Show 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background:The present study compared the effects of antifibrotic medications, Pirfenidone and Nintedanib, with transplantation of human umbilical mesenchymal stem cells (HUMSCs) in restoring rat pulmonary fibrosis (PF).Methods:A stable animal model was established via an intratracheal injection of 5 mg bleomycin (BLM). One single transplantation of 2.5 107 HUMSCs or initiation of daily oral Nintedanib/Pirfenidone administration was performed on Day 21 following BLM damage.Results:Pulmonary function examination revealed that BLM rats exhibited a significant decrease in blood oxygen saturation and an increase in respiratory rates. While no significant improvements were found in BLM rats receiving Nintedanib or Pirfenidone, those who transplanted with HUMSCs showed statistical amelioration in blood oxygen saturation and significant alleviation in respiratory rates. Quantification results revealed that a significant reduction in alveolar space and marked increases in substantial cell infiltration and collagen deposition in the left lungs of BLM rats. No significant alteration was observed in BLM rats administered Nintedanib or Pirfenidone. However, BLM rats transplanted with HUMSCs had a significant recovery in alveolar space and noticeable decreases in cell infiltration and collagen deposition. The inflammatory cell numbers in the bronchoalveolar lavage was increased in the BLM group. While the rats treated with Nintedanib or Pirfenidone had a lower cell number than the BLM group, a higher cell number was found as compared with the Normal group. In rats transplanted with HUMSCs, the cell number did not differ from the Normal group.Conclusions:Transplantation of HUMSCs could effectively treat PF as opposed to the administration of anti-fibrotic drugs with Nintedanib or Pirfenidone with significant better result in lung volume, pathological changes, lung function and blood oxygen saturation.
Tracking Brownian motion in three dimensions and characterization of individual nanoparticles using a fiber-based high-finesse microcavity
Authors: Kohler Larissa , Mader Matthias , Kern Christian , Wegener Martin , Hunger David 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The dynamics of nanosystems in solution contains a wealth of information with relevance for diverse fields ranging from materials science to biology and biomedical applications. When nanosystems are marked with fluorophores or strong scatterers, it is possible to track their position and reveal internal motion with high spatial and temporal resolution. However, markers can be toxic, expensive, or change the object's intrinsic properties. Here, we simultaneously measure dispersive frequency shifts of three transversal modes of a high-finesse microcavity to obtain the three-dimensional path of unlabeled SiO2 nanospheres with 300μs temporal and down to 8nm spatial resolution. This allows us to quantitatively determine properties such as the polarizability, hydrodynamic radius, and effective refractive index. The fiber-based cavity is integrated in a direct-laser-written microfluidic device that enables the precise control of the fluid with ultra-small sample volumes. Our approach enables quantitative nanomaterial characterization and the analysis of biomolecular motion at high bandwidth.
WITHDRAWN: Behavior of the cubic double perovskite compound Pb2FeTaO6 through mechanical, electronic and magnetic properties via Ab-initio calculations
Authors: Bekhti-Siad Amaria , Baira M. , Siad A. Bekhti , Monir M. E. , Dahou F. Z. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The structural, elastic, electronic and magnetic properties of cubic double perovskite Pb2FeTaO6 have been investigated using self-consistent ab-initio calculation through full-potential linearized augmented plane wave (FP-LAPW) method within the frame work of the spin-polarized density functional theory (DFT), considering generalized gradient approximation (GGA) described by Perdew–Burke–Ernzerhof (PBE), GGA+U and mBJ-GGA. Pb2FeTaO6 is found as ductile material from the elastic calculations. The obtained magnetic results show that Pb2FeTaO6 is stable in the ferromagnetic state; the electronic properties show a half-metallic behavior using GGA and GGA+U and a semiconducting one with TB-mBJ, magnetic moments of each atom are also discussed in this study. These results confirm the use of this compound in spintronic devices.
Development and Validation of Nasal Polyposis Quality of Life Questionnaire (NPQ)
Authors: Baiardini Ilaria , Paoletti Giovanni , Mariani Alessia , Malvezzi Luca , Pirola Francesca , Mercante Giuseppe , Spriano Giuseppe , Puggioni Francesca , Racca Francesca , Melone Giulio , Malipiero Giacomo , Ferri Sebastian , Canonica Giorgio Walter , Heffler Enrico 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND: To date, no disease-specific tool is available to assess the impact of Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps (CRSwNP) on Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL). Therefore, the purpose of this study was to develop and validate a questionnaire specifically designed to this aim: the Nasal Polyposis Quality of Life questionnaire –NPQ.METHODS: According to the current guidelines, the development and validation of the NPQ occurred in two separate steps involving different groups of patients.RESULTS: In the development process of NPQ an initial list of items of 40 items was given to 60 patients with CRSwNP; the 27 most significant items were selected and converted into questions. The validation procedure involved 107 patients (mean age 52.9±12.4). NPQ revealed a five-dimensional structure and high levels of internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha 0.95). Convergent validity (Spearman’ coefficient r=0.75; p< 0.01), discriminant validity (sensitivity to VAS score), reliability in a sample of patients with a stable health status (Interclass Coefficient 0.882) were satisfactory. Responsiveness to clinical changes was accomplished. The minimal important difference was 7. CONCLUSIONS: NPQ is the first questionnaire for the assessment of HRQoL in CRSwNP. Our results provide that the new tool is valid, reliable, and sensitive to individual changes.
Evaluation of Peripheral Blood Neutrophil Functions after an Oral Carbohydrate Overload in Obese and Insulin Resistant Horses
Authors: Salinas Constanza , Espinosa Gabriel , Morales Natalia , Henriquez Claudio , Moran Gabriel , Gajardo Gonzalo , Burgos Rafael A , Uberti Benjamin 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Obesity and insulin resistance (IR) are conditions of increasing prevalence in populations of equids worldwide. The immune impairment described in metabolic dysfunction status in humans has been extensively reported with minimal data regarding horses. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of obesity as an isolated factor and in association with insulin resistance on apoptosis, phagocytosis and oxidative burst activity of neutrophils isolated from peripheral blood of lean and obese adult horses with or without insulin resistance, basally and after induction of hyperglycemia through an oral glucose test. Results: No differences in apoptosis were observed between experimental groups at any time point. Phagocytic capacity was significantly diminished at baseline in the obese-IR group (P<0.05) but increased after stimulation of hyperglycemia (P=0.007). Basal reactive oxygen species production differed significantly (P=0.0001) between the obese-insulin sensitive (IS) and lean-IS or obese-IR groups, and decreased significantly after stimulation of hyperglycemia in the lean-IS and obese-IS groups (P<0.05).Conclusions: Results from this study showed that both metabolic status itself, and acute hyperglycemia, are factors that influence PMNs functionality in horses, specifically phagocytosis and oxidative burst. This indicates the need for close monitoring of immune function in horses with inflammatory disease and concurrent obesity and insulin resistance.