bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The first evidence of intrinsic epidermal bioluminescence within ray‐finned fishes in the linebelly swallower Pseudoscopelus sagamianus (Chiasmodontidae)
Authors: Ghedotti Michael J. , Smith W. Leo , Davis Matthew P. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractExternal and histological examination of the photophores of the linebelly swallower Pseudoscopelus sagamianus reveal three epidermal layers of cells that form the light‐producing and light‐transmitting components of the photophores. Photophores among the examined photophore tracts are not significantly different in structure but the presence of mucous cells in the superficial layers of the photophore suggest continued function of the epidermal photophore in contributing to the mucous coat. This is the first evidence of intrinsic bioluminescence in primarily epidermal photophores reported in ray‐finned fishes.
Effects of the prone position and kangaroo care on gastric residual volume, vital signs and comfort in preterm infants
Authors: Özdel Deniz , Sarı Hatice Yıldırım 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAimProne and kangaroo care positioning of preterm infants during intragastric tube feeding were compared with regard to post prandial gastric residual volume, vital signs and infant comfort.MethodsThe study sample included 30 28‐36‐birth‐week old preterm infants who were hospitalized at the neonatal intensive care unit. Infants were fed in two positions: prone and kangaroo care. All the infants were placed in the prone position after feeding. Vital signs and comfort scores were recorded 30 min after feeding, and the gastric residual volume was measured 3 h after feeding.ResultsAfter 3 h of feeding, the heart rate was lower in the kangaroo care position than in the prone position. After 30 min and 3 h of feeding, the mean comfort scores and the mean distress scores were lower in the kangaroo care position than in the prone position. It was also determined that there was no significant difference between the kangaroo care position and prone position regarding their effects on the residual volume measured 3 h after feeding.ConclusionsThe infants fed in the kangaroo care position have a lower heart rate, better comfort levels and less distress after feeding. These positive effects ensure that preterm infants experience less stress and consume less energy. What is currently known? It has been determined that kangaroo care reduces the pain response and heart rate of the newborn, increases the duration of sleep, reduces the length of stay in the hospital, facilitates breastfeeding, reduces the risk of hypothermia, decreases the mother's anxiety level by initiating the relationship between the mother and infant, and improves the infant's growth and development. What does this article add? While there were no differences between prone and kangaroo positions during feeding with regard to gastric residual volumes, we found that the heart rate, comfort scores and distress scores were lower in the kangaroo care position than in the prone position.
Competency model for public health nurses working on tobacco control in local governments in Japan: A qualitative study
Authors: Michibayashi Chikako , Omote Shizuko , Nakamura Masakazu , Okamoto Rie , Nakada Akie I. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAimIn Japan, public health nurses play a major role in tobacco control at the local government level. However, the competencies required are not clear. This study aimed to identify competencies of public health nurses working on local tobacco control in Japan.MethodsTwelve expert public health nurses from nine local governments in Japan participated in semi‐structured interviews using the Behavioral Event Interview. Data analysis used the Iceberg Model and qualitative descriptive methods.ResultsThe competencies of the public health nurses were driven by three “motives”: strong motivation to pioneer and change tobacco control; unwavering determination to remove barriers to tobacco control; and strong drive to achieve tobacco control. Public health nurses also showed three “attitudes”: a partnership‐oriented stance to delivering tobacco control; enthusiasm for evidence‐based goals; and commitment to developing expertise and roles. These underpinned eight “skills”: advocating to raise awareness of the need for tobacco control; positioning tobacco control as a policy issue based on regional and social situations; creating an organizational system for tobacco control; pioneering opportunities for intervention and delivering effective and locally appropriate activities; evaluating and improving the quality of tobacco control measures; developing and establishing community‐based measures for tobacco‐free communities; expanding activities by strategically collaborating with stakeholders; and coordinating and negotiating to avoid conflicts.ConclusionsPublic health nurses who promote tobacco control share characteristics, despite barriers such as resistance inside and outside the organization. In the future, these could be used as indicators of the competency of public health nurses working on local tobacco control.
Re‐evaluation ofAmphidiniopsis(Dinophyceae) Morphogroups Based On Phylogenetic Relationships, and Description of Three New Sand‐dwelling Species From the NW Mediterranean
Authors: Reñé Albert , Satta Cecilia Teodora , López‐García Purificación , Hoppenrath Mona 
Published: October 2019

Amphidiniopsisis a diverse genus of thecate heterotrophic dinoflagellates within the benthic, sand‐dwelling species, with more than 20 currently described. Although molecular information about members of this genus is still scarce, morphological heterogeneity suggests the genus is paraphyletic. We investigated the diversity ofAmphidiniopsis species in theNWMediterranean Sea by morphological and molecular approaches, which led to the description of three new species,A. bullasp. nov.,A. erinaceasp. nov., andA. selenesp. nov. Phylogenetic reconstructions based onSSUandLSU rDNAsequences obtained from individual cells and the observed morphological characters confirm, as previously suggested, the paraphyly of the genus and the existence of at least four phylogenetic subgroups, instead of the three main subgroups defined to date. We also morphologically characterizedHerdmania litoralis, suggesting the existence of more than one species belonging to this monotypic genus.Herdmaniais a sister taxon toAmphidiniopsis, both morphologically and phylogenetically, and given the paraphyly of the latter, it should be considered a member of the newly termedAmphidiniopsisgenus complex. The finding of the three new species highlights that the Mediterranean harbors distinctive, sand‐dwelling dinoflagellates and needs further investigations of its unexplored diversity.
Thoracic and cardiovascular surgery patients: Intensive care unit experiences
Authors: Edeer Aylin Durmaz , Bilik Özlem , Kankaya Eda A. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundIntensive care units are stressful places where patients experience physical and psychological discomfort. Understanding the experience of these patients regarding nursing care is very important.Aims and objectivesTo determine the intensive care experiences of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery patients and the factors that affect them.DesignThe research consists of two phases: quantitative and qualitative.MethodsThis was a descriptive and cross‐sectional study. Its research sample comprised 100 patients who spent at least one night in an intensive care unit after thoracic or cardiovascular surgery. The Intensive Care Experiences Scale (ICES) and the Numeric Rating Scale were used. Two open‐ended questions were asked to the patients to understand what they felt when they were attached to mechanical ventilation and to describe their intensive care experiences.ResultsThe ICES mean score was 66.35 ± 6.88. Significant negative relationships were found between length of stay and severity of pain and ICES total scores. A significant difference was found between scale scores and being understood by health care professionals when attached to mechanical ventilation. The patients stated that, when they were attached to mechanical ventilation and during their stay in the intensive care unit, they experienced feelings of helplessness, uncertainty, and fear. They also experienced physical discomfort and reported no longer fearing death.ConclusionIt was determined that patients partially positively perceived their experiences. It was found that they focused on coming out of surgery alive. The physical discomfort and negative emotions reported can be reduced or relieved by competent care.Relevance to clinical practiceThe intensive care experiences and emotions of intensive care patients are important. Physical discomfort and negative emotions can be mitigated or alleviated by competent nursing care.
Cost‐effectiveness analysis of (Nursery) School Absenteeism Surveillance System
Authors: Kurita Junko , Sugawara Tamie , Matsumoto Kayo , Ohkusa Yasushi 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundOur earlier report reported that the (Nursery) School Absenteeism Surveillance System ((N)SASSy) can decrease numbers of patients. This study evaluates (N)SASSy’s cost‐effectiveness.MethodsA social perspective is taken for economic evaluation. For simplicity, 8,000 yen is assumed for direct medical costs. We assume the home health care duration to be 6 days, with 30 000 yen as the indirect opportunity cost of family nursing. Benefit‐cost ratios are used as indicators of cost‐effectiveness.ResultsBy multiplying the disease burden per patient by the reduced number of patients, the (N)SASSy effect was estimated as 206.9 billion yen, with 95% confidence interval of [67.3,346.6] billion yen. The total cost attributable to (N)SASSy throughout Japan is expected to be 2.63 billion yen. The benefit‐cost ratio is expected to be approximately 60.ConclusionsThe estimated benefit‐cost ratio is much higher than that for the routine immunization of children.
Generalized solitary waves in the gravity‐capillary Whitham equation
Authors: Johnson Mathew A. , Wright J. Douglas 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWe study the existence of traveling wave solutions to a unidirectional shallow water model, which incorporates the full linear dispersion relation for both gravitational and capillary restoring forces. Using functional analytic techniques, we show that for small surface tension (corresponding to Bond numbers between 0 and 1/3) there exists small amplitude solitary waves that decay to asymptotically small periodic waves at spatial infinity. The size of the oscillations in the far field are shown to be small beyond all algebraic orders in the amplitude of the wave.
Restoration of recent thymic emigrant CD4+ T cells is associated with sustained adherence to antiretroviral treatment in HIV‐infected children
Authors: Barboni Graciela , Balbaryski Jeanette , Urioste Alejandra , Candi Marcela , Laucella Susana , Gaddi Eduardo 
Published: October 2019

AbstractTo evaluate the levels of recent thymic emigrant (RTE) CD4+ T cells in HIV‐infected children and to explore the associations among their frequency, antiretroviral treatment (ART) adherence, and CD4+ T cell restoration. The group evaluated comprised 85 HIV‐infected patients classified as subjects with moderate or severe immunosuppression or as those with no evidence of immunosuppression. To evaluate the association between the frequency of RTE CD4+ T cells and ART adherence, 23 of the 85 patients were evaluated at two different time points during a one‐year follow‐up period. Children with severe immunosuppression had lower frequencies of RTE CD4+ T cells compared with children without evidence of immunosuppression (P < .001). The frequency of RTE CD4+ T cells in children with a high rate of adherence was significantly higher (P < .05) than that observed among those with suboptimal adherence. The latter group presented with infectious intercurrences on admission that decreased after initiation of treatment along with improved CD4+ and RTE naïve CD4+ T cells counts. The adequate ART adherence is essential for immune reconstitution, which might be reflected by the levels of RTE CD4+ T cells.
IL‐17 stimulates the expression of CCL2 in cardiac myocytes via Act1/TRAF6/p38MAPK‐dependent AP‐1 activation
Authors: Du Shiyou , Li Zhuolun , Xie Xin , Xu Congfeng , Shen Xinhe , Wang Nan , Shen Yan 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIL‐17 participates in the development of many autoimmune diseases by promoting the expression of some chemokines. Chemokine C‐C motif ligand 2 (CCL2) is an important factor at the infiltration of mononuclear cells in the myocardial tissue of viral myocarditis (VMC). It was found that IL‐17 could aggravate myocardial injury by upregulating CCL2. But the underlying mechanism involved in CCL2 secretion induced by IL‐17 in cardiac myocytes remains unclear. This study investigated the role of transcription factor AP‐1 in IL‐17 induced CCL2 expression. The results showed that IL‐17 mediated the activation of Act1, TRAF6, p38MAPK and c‐Jun/AP‐1 not Wnt or PI3K signalling pathway to upregulate CCL2 expression in cardiac myocytes. After blocking Act1/TRAF6/p38MAPK cascade and interfering AP‐1 with Curcumin or c‐Jun siRNA, CCL2 expression induced by IL‐17 was significantly attenuated at both mRNA and protein levels. Furthermore, the phosphorylation of c‐Jun was suppressed when cardiac myocytes were treated with Act1 siRNA, TRAF6 siRNA, SB203580 (p38MAPK inhibitor) or SP600125 (JNK inhibitor) in cardiac myocytes. In conclusion, IL‐17 could stimulate the expression of CCL2 in cardiac myocytes via Act1/TRAF6/p38MAPK‐dependent AP‐1 activation, which may provide a new target for the diagnosis and treatment of VMC.
Change‐point detection in a linear model by adaptive fused quantile method
Authors: Ciuperca Gabriela , Maciak Matúš 
Published: October 2019

AbstractA novel approach to quantile estimation in multivariate linear regression models with change‐points is proposed: the change‐point detection and the model estimation are both performed automatically, by adopting either the quantile‐fused penalty or the adaptive version of the quantile‐fused penalty. These two methods combine the idea of the check function used for the quantile estimation and the L1 penalization principle known from the signal processing and, unlike some standard approaches, the presented methods go beyond typical assumptions usually required for the model errors, such as sub‐Gaussian or normal distribution. They can effectively handle heavy‐tailed random error distributions, and, in general, they offer a more complex view on the data as one can obtain any conditional quantile of the target distribution, not just the conditional mean. The consistency of detection is proved and proper convergence rates for the parameter estimates are derived. The empirical performance is investigated via an extensive comparative simulation study and practical utilization is demonstrated using a real data example.
Consistent procedures for multiclass classification of discrete diffusion paths
Authors: Denis Christophe , Dion Charlotte , Martinez Miguel 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe recent advent of modern technology has generated a large number of datasets which can be frequently modeled as functional data. This paper focuses on the problem of multiclass classification for stochastic diffusion paths. In this context we establish a closed formula for the optimal Bayes rule. We provide new statistical procedures which are built either on the plug‐in principle or on the empirical risk minimization principle. We show the consistency of these procedures under mild conditions. We apply our methodologies to the parametric case and illustrate their accuracy with a simulation study through examples.
Risk Factors for Serious Suicide Attempts with High Medical Severity
Authors: Kim Sunghwan , Choi Kyoung Ho , Lee Kang‐Sook , Kim Dai‐Jin , Hong Seung‐Chul , Lee Hae‐Kook , Kweon Yong‐Sil , Lee Chung Tai , Lee Kyoung‐Uk 
Published: October 2019

Objectiveshis study investigated the risk factors leading to serious suicide attempts with high medical severity.MethodsNine hundred and eighty‐two patients who visited the emergency room after attempting suicide were divided into two groups: suicide attempters with high medical severity (25.3%) and those with low medical severity (74.7%). Demographic variables, clinical characteristics, and factors related to each suicide attempt were compared between the two groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to investigate risk factors for high medical severity in patients’ current suicide attempts.ResultsThe results show that suicide attempters with high medical severity had more severe depression and psychological disturbances such as agitation, intense emotions, and self‐reproach. Suicide attempters with high medical severity also had more serious risk factors for suicide such as repetitive/intense/continuous thoughts of suicide, suicidal planning, and a stronger wish to die. School/work problems and physical illnesses were related to high medical severity with more lethal methods. Logistic regression demonstrated that school/work problems, total risk rating, severity of suicidal ideation, and agitation were risks for more serious suicide attempts, whereas more frequent lifetime suicide attempts were a protective factor.ConclusionThis study demonstrates that suicide attempters with high medical severity had more severe psychopathologies and risk factors related to suicidal behavior than those with low medical severity.
Analytic Framework to Determine Proximity in Relationship Coffee Models
Authors: Edelmann Hanna , Quiñones‐Ruiz Xiomara Fernanda , Penker Marianne 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn conventional food systems, there are often large social and geographical distances between production and consumption. Alternative food networks (AFNs) like relationship coffee models aim to shorten these distances through direct contacts, communication, trust, transparency or commitment to improve farmers’ livelihoods. These relationship coffee models appear in diverse shapes with various implications for producers. Therefore, we deductively develop a framework to conceptualise proximity in four dimensions (organisational, institutional, cognitive and social) with subdimensions and three transversal dimensions ((temporary) geographical proximity, power, and communication). The analytic framework is complemented by an illustrative case to empirically test it, showing high geographical, organisational, institutional and cognitive proximity but low social proximity between coffee producer and restaurant owner. For future research, the framework can help to conceptualise proximity or to distinguish different types of relationship coffee models and to unpack conditions under which relationship coffees can increase proximity between coffee producers and buyers, often located far apart.
Evaluating the long‐term effects of tillage systems on soil structural quality using visual assessment and classical methods
Authors: Çelik İsmail , Günal Hikmet , Acar Mert , Acir Nurullah , Bereket Barut Zeliha , Budak Mesut 
Published: October 2019

AbstractCurrent agricultural practices and their impacts on the sustainability of crop production can be evaluated by simple and reliable soil structure assessment tools. The study was conducted to determine the effects of long‐term (2006–2017) tillage systems on structural quality of a clayey soil using the visual evaluation of soil structure (VESS) and classical field and laboratory measurements. A field experiment with seven tillage systems, representing both traditional and conservation tillage methods, was conducted on a clayey soil in the Cukurova region, Turkey. Soil samples from 0–10, 10–20 and 20–25 cm depths were analysed for mean weight diameter (MWD), porosity and organic carbon. Penetration resistance (PR) was determined in each treatment plot. The VESS scores (<2) of upper 0–5 cm indicated a good structural quality for all tillage systems. The VESS scores were positively related to PR and MWD and negatively to macroporosity (MaP) and total porosity. In reduced and no‐till systems, poorer soil structures were observed in subsurface layers where firm platy and angular blocky structures were defined. Mean VESS score (3.29) in 20–25 cm depth where PR was 3.01 MPa under no‐till indicated a deterioration of soil structural quality; thus, immediate physical interventions would be needed. Lower VESS scores and PR values under strategic tillage which was created by ploughing half of no‐till plots in November 2015 indicated successful correction of compaction caused by long‐term no‐till. The results suggest that the VESS approach is sensitive and useful in distinguishing compacted layers within the topsoil.
Plant organellar RNA editing: what 30 years of research has revealed
Authors: Small Ian D. , Schallenberg‐Rüdinger Mareike , Takenaka Mizuki , Mireau Hakim , Ostersetzer‐Biran Oren 
Published: October 2019

SummaryThe central dogma in biology defines the flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein. Accordingly, RNA molecules generally accurately follow the sequences of the genes from which they are transcribed. This rule is transgressed by RNA editing, which creates RNA products that differ from their DNA templates. Analyses of the RNA landscapes of terrestrial plants have indicated that RNA editing (in the form of C‐U base transitions) is highly prevalent within organelles (that is, mitochondria and chloroplasts). Numerous C→U conversions (and in some plants also U→C) alter the coding sequences of many of the organellar transcripts and can also produce translatable mRNAs by creating AUG start sites or eliminating premature stop codons, or affect the RNA structure, influence splicing and alter the stability of RNAs. RNA‐binding proteins are at the heart of post‐transcriptional RNA expression. The C‐to‐U RNA editing process in plant mitochondria involves numerous nuclear‐encoded factors, many of which have been identified as pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) proteins that target editing sites in a sequence‐specific manner. In this review we report on major discoveries on RNA editing in plant organelles, since it was first documented 30 years ago.