bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clasificación de grupos morfofuncionales del fitoplancton en seis sistemas lénticos de las regiones Caribe, Andina y Amazónica de Colombia
Authors: Hernández Esnedy , Aguirre Néstor , Palacio Karen , Palacio Jaime , Ramírez John Jairo , Duque Santiago R. , Mogollón Martha , Kruk Carla 
Published: November 2020

La clasificación basada en rasgos y grupos funcionales establecidos en la morfología del fitoplancton posibilitó una aproximación factible y objetiva en la evaluación de seis sistemas de diferente tipo, origen, morfología y condición limnológica pertenecientes a las regiones amazónica, andina y caribe de Colombia. Se estableció específicamente la relación entre las variables continuas y categóricas del fitoplancton (volumen, superficie, dimensión lineal máxima, presencia de aerótopos, mucílago, flagelo y exoesqueleto de sílice) con los parámetros limnológicos de transparencia, profundidad máxima, temperatura y concentración de iones inorgánicos. Se seleccionaron entre dos y ocho estaciones durante tres o cuatro periodos climáticos en series anuales entre el 2005 y el 2007 tomando las muestras en la zona limnética. Los taxones identificados se clasificaron en uno u otro grupo funcional basado en la morfología (GFBM) según las dimensiones morfológicas y la presencia de rasgos especializados de cada taxón. Entre los resultados más relevantes se destacó el grupo V (flagelados unicelulares de tamaño medio a grande) en ambientes poco profundos y turbios, con excepción de la llanura del Bajo Sinú en el Caribe, donde dominaba el grupo VII (colonias mucilaginosas con los lípidos y aerótopos). En los lagos profundos y de gran transparencia en montañas sobresalieron los grupos IV (tamaño medio y ausencia de rasgos especializados) y VII. Los grupos propuestos en la clasificación permitieron exponer los patrones funcionales del ensamblaje del fitoplancton y explicar significativamente su variación en respuesta a las características de los sistemas.
Frequency Distribution of Divorce Causes in Yazd City
Authors: Bidaki Reza , Ghazalbash Hadi , Alsaidi Sogol , Ghazalbash Zahra , Barkhoordarian Ahmadabadi Azadeh , Kholasezade Golraste 
Published: November 2020

Background: Divorce, as a consequence of family disruption, is a common phenomenon within all communities. Considering the increased frequency of divorce cases in Yazd city during recent years, this study was conducted to investigate the distribution of divorce causes and design an efficient program to deal with it.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional analytic study was conducted on the data collected from 118 male and female individuals referred to Yazd courts with divorce requests during 12 months. The participants were randomly selected and asked to complete a researcher-made questionnaire about the divorce. one of which include the participants' general information The second section contain 18 sub-scales and dealt with different causes of divorce. The collected data were analyzed by ANOVA using SPSS version 17.
Results: The most effective divorce factor was misunderstanding and disagreement (44.9%), while the least important factor was friends (1.7%). Based on the results, the involvement of friends had the lowest effect on the incidence of divorce (1.7 %), while misunderstanding and disagreement were among the most frequent causes of divorce (44.9 %). Causes of divorce included addiction, unemployment, delinquency and infidelity, mental illness, violence, insults, and immorality in terms of gender differences and economic conditions represent a significant difference in the divorce rate with respect, as well as other factors of divorce. The findings represent a significant difference in the divorce rate with respect to the education status (p = 0/6).
Conclusion: The findings showed that disagreement was the main factor for divorce. Disagreement includes various moral, cultural, and religious aspects. Infidelity was also another most frequent cause of divorce in Iran and other countries. Considering different factors that affect the incidence of divorce, strategies should be seriously conducted before and after marriage to prevent and decrease its frequency within the society.
Sintesis Senyawa Vanilil Metil Keton dan Uji Aktivitas Antiinflamasi terhadap Enzim COX-1 dan COX-2 melalui Analisis In Silico
Authors: Ummah Khoirotul , Mahardika Robby Gus , Mardliyah Ana 
Published: November 2020

This study reports the synthesis of vanillyl methyl ketone from eugenol through Wacker oxidation and anti-inflammatory activity test toward COX-1 and COX-2 through in silico analysis. Wacker oxidation process was catalyzed by PdCl2 and CuCl2 using DMF solvent under the aerobic condition at room temperature for 48 hours. The product of the synthesis was purified by column chromatography and was characterized by NMR, IR, and MS spectroscopy. Characterization by spectroscopic methods showed that vanillyl methyl ketone was formed with a yield of 45% and vanillin (3%) was produced as a by-product. The anti-inflammatory activity of vanillyl methyl ketone was carried out by molecular docking toward COX-1 and COX-2 obtained from PDB. The analysis showed that the anti-inflammatory activity and selectivity toward COX-2 of vanillyl methyl ketone was higher than eugenol. This was shown by the low binding energy affinity and the number of hydrogen bonds formed between the vanillyl methyl ketone and the active site of the enzyme. Keywords: eugenol, Wacker, vanillyl methyl ketone, antiinflammatory, in silico Pada penelitian ini dilakukan sintesis senyawa vanilil metil keton dari eugenol melalui oksidasi Wacker serta dilakukan uji aktivitas antiinflamasi terhadap enzim COX-1 dan COX-2 melalui analisis in silico. Proses oksidasi Wacker dikatalisis oleh PdCl2 dan CuCl2 menggunakan pelarut DMF dalam kondisi aerob pada suhu ruang selama 48 jam. Senyawa hasil sintesis dipisahkan menggunakan kolom kromatografi dan dikarakterisasi menggunakan spektroskopi NMR, IR dan MS. Hasil karakterisasi menunjukkan bahwa senyawa vanilil metil keton telah terbentuk dengan randemen sebanyak 45% dan juga dihasilkan senyawa vanillin (3%) sebagai produk samping. Aktivitas antiinflamasi senyawa vanilil metil keton dilakukan dengan docking molekuler terhadap enzim COX-1 dan COX-2 yang diperoleh dari PDB. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas antiinflamasi dan selektivitas terhadap COX-2 pada senyawa vanilil metil keton lebih tinggi dibandingkan eugenol. Hal ini ditunjukkan melalui rendahnya afinitas energi pengikatan dan banyaknya ikatan hidrogen yang terbentuk antara vanilil metil keton dengan sisi aktif enzim. Kata kunci : eugenol, Wacker, vanilil metil keton, antiinflamasi, in silico
Beban Kerja Fisik dan Iklim Kerja dengan Status Hidrasi Pekerja Unit P2 Bagian (Wood Working 1) WW1 PT. KTI Probolinggo
Authors: Tarwiyanti Denti , Hartanti Ragil Ismi , Indrayani Reny 
Published: November 2020

High work climate and high workload can cause overstress and metabolic heat in the body wich will potentially affect workers hydration status. Industrial workers often carry out physical work in hot working environments with high workload (physical workload) over a long period. Loading and a high work climate can cause overstress and metabolic heat so that workers have the potention dealing with heat stress and dehydration due to excessive sweating issue and it will affect the workers hydration status. This study purpose was to find out the relationship between physical workload and work climate due to workers hydration status unit P2 (wood working 1) WW1 section in PT. KTI Probolinggo. This study used quantitative approach, an observational analytic type with cross sectional design. Based on statistical tests result using Spearman and Chi Square, the factors associated to hydration status were age with a positive linkage direction and drinking water consumption with a negative linkage direction. Unrelated factors were gender (p value = 0.688), nutritional status (p value = 0.333), years of service (p value = 0.626), physical workload (p value = 0.333), and work climate (p value = 0.105). The advice given based on this research is adding more water consumption, adding glasses according to the number of workers and drinking water needs of each worker, providing education of body fluid needs for hot working environments including signs of dehydration and how to prevent it, setting-up diagram poster shows the importance of drinking water consumption in hot working environment.

Keywords : Physical Workload, Work Climate, Hydration Status.
THE UTILIZATION OF GOLDEN PERIOD OF ISCHEMIC STROKE IN PATIENTS IN PRODUCTIVE AGES
Authors: Huttami Vidya Tri , Hidajah Atik Choirul 
Published: November 2020

The 2007 Basic Health Survey shows the highest number of deaths in Indonesia rural and urban areas was caused by stroke. In 2007-2013, the stroke prevalence in productive age increased up to 22‰. Stroke that attacks productive age can impair individual’s ability to do activities, and thus they might have family financial constraint. Disabilities can be prevented and minimized if patients utilize a golden period of an ischemic stroke. This study identified the utilization of golden period of ischemic stroke in patients and analyzed causes of delayed patient admission to the Neurology Clinic of Sidoarjo Hospital. This study was a descriptive study conducted to 39 post-stroke ischemic patients in productive ages under further therapy at the Neurology Clinic of Sidoarjo Hospital in 2016. The data were collected through interview from January-February 2017. The results present 62% of stroke ischemic patients utilized the golden period of a ischemic stroke. The average respondents' admission took 29.87±47.46 hours after patients experienced first stroke ischemic attacks (ranging from 1-168 hours). The respondents were admitted to the hospital late or >4.5 hours after the stroke attacks because most of them did not know stroke signs and symptoms. Therefore, hospitals or health care providers have to provide counseling service to patients and family members about stroke signs and symptoms, as well as the importance of early admission for treatment as soon as patient gets the first stroke attack. Keywords: utilization of the golden period, ischemic stroke, productive age.
CHARACTERISTICS OF PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS AT SURABAYA HAJI GENERAL HOSPITAL
Authors: Bestari Ismianti Lifia 
Published: November 2020

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease due to impaired blood glucose levels. Type 2 diabetes mellitus dominantly causes most deaths in the world. The number of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) was ranked the second highest at the Surabaya Haji General Hospital. Purpose: This study described characteristics of patients with type 2 DM at the Surabaya Haji General Hospital. Methods: This study was descriptive and used a cross-sectional research design. This study’s population were patients with type 2 DM who visited Diabetes Unit at Surabaya Haji General Hospital. This study was conducted in the Diabetes Unit at the Surabaya Haji General Hospital by involving 114 respondents as the samples. These respondents were interviewed using questionnaires from 11 March to 11 April 2019. The study’s variables were patients’ characteristics including age, gender, family history, and disease duration. Data were analyzed using a univariate analysis with a frequency table. Results: Almost all of patients with type 2 DM at Surabaya Haji General Hospital were aged ≥40 years (94.7%) and female (71.9%). The majority of patients had a family medical history of type 2 diabetes mellitus disease (60.5%) and long disease duration of >5 years (5.,4%). Conclusion: Almost patients with type 2 DM in Surabaya Haji General Hospital were elderly who had a family medical history of diabetes mellitus and had suffered from type 2 diabetes mellitus for >5 years.Keywords: diabetes mellitus, characteristics, hospital, descriptions.
Teacher immunity in professional identity: reflection on male ielts teachers’ homosocial fabrics in 2 iranian ethnographic institutions
Authors: Jafari Fatemeh Mohammad , Ameri Alireza 
Published: November 2020

As a new concept in language teacher psychology, language teacher immunity is a strong indicator of how teachers behave and respond in the face of disturbances which has a profound effect on teachers' profession. So, as it is apparent, research on language teacher immunity is in its embryonic stage and this qualitative study tried to fill the gap in the existing literature by using Retrodictive Qualitative Modeling to develop an in-depth understanding the experiences of five IELTS male teachers from two ethnographic sites. And due to research and critical studies into men and masculinity has originated as one of the most emerging areas of sociological investigation, on a macro-level of ethnography, this research study concentrated on male IELTS teachers to see the interpretations about masculinity, homosocial relations and desire to make their own professional identity and on the micro-level, the ethos varies at each institution. To achieve the research objectives and answer the questions of this ethnographic study, three data collection techniques were utilized to generate information, namely document collection, classroom observations, and interviews. The findings of this comparative ethnography revealed that in the IELTS situation, “the Visionary” and “The Spark plug” should be placed in two separate groups of immunity (productive and adaptive) to increase the categories of immunity to 5 in this context. So, by adding masculinity patterns, which changed from physicality into knowledge-discipline and socialization-patronage in this study, it was concluded that those who were in productive and adaptive immunity category were not homogeneous due to the fact that they were complicit and approached themselves to the hegemonic masculinity with slight changes that the researchers could not separate them in their immunity.
Huellas clásicas en «Cuatro Variaciones sobre el Filicidio» de Leopoldo María Panero
Authors: López Gálvez Ismael 
Published: November 2020

RESUMEN: El presente estudio trata de analizar las relaciones transtextuales existentes entre el mundo clásico y las «Cuatro variaciones sobre el filicidio» de Leopoldo María Panero, sección de cuatro cuentos recogida en El lugar del hijo(1976), la primera obra en prosa editada del autor astorgano.PALABRAS CLAVE: Leopoldo María Panero, «Cuatro variaciones sobre el filicidio», mitología clásica, intertextualidad, mitoanálisis. ABSTRACT: The present paper deals with the transtextual relationship between the Classical literature with «Cuatro variaciones sobre el filicidio» by Leopoldo María Panero, especially the section of four stories so-called El lugar del hijo(1976), which is the first published work in prose by the author of Astorga.KEY-WORDS: Leopoldo María Panero, «Cuatro variaciones sobre el filicidio», classical mythology, intertextuality, analysis of myth.
PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT: a Preliminary Test on Five Medicinal Plants on Bangkalan
Authors: Muharrami Laila Khamsatul , Munawaroh Fatimatul , Ersam Taslim , Santoso Mardi 
Published: November 2020

This study is preliminary research of secondary metabolite potential from medicinal Herb Madura. This study aims to know the medicinal plants used in the medicinal herb Madura and the phytochemical content contained in these medicinal plants. The method used in this study is a survey to know the kinds of medicinal plants used in Madura Herb. Then a phytochemical screening test for the medicinal plant was performed. The phytochemical screening test used are alkaloids, steroids, saponins, and flavonoids. Based on the research, it is found that 66 medicinal plants are widely used for "Ramuan Madura” in Bangkalan. Of the 66 plants selected, Madura five medicinal plants widely used by the Madurense; Parameria laevigata, Kaempferia galanga L., Curcuma domestica, Curcuma xanthorrhiza, dan Punica granatum. Then the preliminary phytochemical test to determine the secondary metabolite compounds. Secondary metabolite content obtained include alkaloids, saponins, steroids, and flavonoids.
Motivasi Intrinsik, Kinerja dan Aktualisasi Diri: Kajian Konseptual Perkembangan Teori
Authors: Lutfi Akhmad , Winata Ahmad Yahya Surya 
Published: November 2020

Tidak diragukan lagi bahwa motivasi adalah hal penting yang harus ada di dalam diri karyawan dalam melaksanakan tugas didalam sebuah organisasi. Kinerja salah satunya ditentukan oleh adanya motivasi, salah satunya adalah motivasi yang timbul dan berasal dari dalam diri atau disebut motivasi internal. Sangat banyak peneliti yang mengaitkan motivasi internal dengan kinerja dan kebutuhan seseorang untuk mengaktualisasikan diri. Makalah ini akan menyajikan kajian konseptual dari beberapa peneliti tentang teori kaitan motivasi internal dengan kinerja dan kebutuhan untuk mengaktualisasi diri. Beberapa peneliti sepakat mengatakan bahwa motivasi intrinsik sangatlah penting, selain mempengaruhi kinerja, motivasi intrinsik juga merupakan wujud untuk memenuhi kebutuhkan untuk mengaktualisasikan diri.
Mutational meltdown of microbial altruists in Streptomyces coelicolor colonies
Authors: Zhang Zheren , Claushuis Bart , Claessen Dennis , Rozen Daniel 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In colonies of the filamentous multicellular bacterium Streptomyces coelicolor, a sub-population of cells arise that hyper-produce metabolically costly antibiotics, resulting in a division of labor that maximizes colony fitness. Because these cells contain large genomic deletions that cause massive reductions to individual fitness, their behavior is altruistic, much like worker castes in eusocial insects. To understand the reproductive and genomic fate of these mutant cells after their emergence, we use experimental evolution by serially transferring populations via spore-to-spore transfer for 25 cycles, reflective of the natural mode of bottlenecked transmission for these spore-forming bacteria. We show that, in contrast to wild-type cells, altruistic mutant cells continue to significantly decline in fitness during transfer while they delete larger and larger fragments from their chromosome ends. In addition, altruistic mutants acquire a roughly 10-fold increase in their base-substitution rates due to mutations in genes for DNA replication and repair. Ecological damage, caused by reduced sporulation, coupled with irreversible DNA damage due to point mutation and deletions, leads to an inevitable and irreversible type of mutational meltdown in these cells. Taken together, these results suggest that the altruistic cells arising in this division of labor are equivalent to reproductively sterile castes of social insects.
Clinical Efficacy of Eucaloric Ketogenic Nutrion in Covid-19-cytokine Storm: A Retrospective Analysis on Mortality and ICU Access
Authors: Sukkar Samir Giuseppe , Cogorno Ludovica , Pasta Andrea , Livia Pisciotta , Vena Antonio , Gradaschi Raffaella , Dentone Chiara , Guiddo Erica , Martino Eleonora , Beltramini Sabrina , Donini Lorenzo Maria , Sormani Maria Pia , Bassetti Matteo 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Some patients affected by Covid 19 present a life threatening hyperinflammatory state known as a cytokine storm syndrome (CSS) associated with a high mortality rate. Our hypothesis is that eucaloric ketogenic diet (EKD) may be a safe and efficacious treatment option to reduce CSS and consequently to reduce need of CPAP, ICU admission and mortality COVID-19 related.Aim of the study: Primary objective is to explore the effect of EKD on mortality, access to ICU and the need of NIV in COVID-19 hospitalized patients in comparison to a eucaloric standard dietstandard diet (ESDESD). Secondary objectives are to collect data about safety and feasibility of EKD during hospitalization and to evaluate the effect of the diet on biological and inflammatory parameters and particularly on interleukin -6 (IL-6).Patients and Methods: The study is a retrospective explorative analysis of 34 patients fed with EKD during hospitalization for COVID-19 in comparison to 68 patients in ESDESD selected and matched using propensity score one-to-two to avoid the confounding effect of interfering variables.Results: A trend of reduction of 30-day mortality (HR 0.416, 95% CI 0.122 – 1.413, P = 0.160) and a trend in need for ICU admission (HR 0.357, 95% CI 0.045 – 2.847, P = 0.331) were observed in subjects treated with EKD respect to patients fed with standard one. No significant different risks in need for CPAP (HR 0.968, CI 0.289 – 3.242, P = 0.958 for EKD) and composite endpoint (HR 0.674, CI 0.233 – 1.949, P = 0.446 for EKD) were detectable between the two groups of dietary patterns.Furthermore, IL-6 concentrations, between t 0 and t 7 (seven days after the beginning of the diet), collected in the ketogenic nutrition group, show a median IL-6 difference of -26.0 ȵg/mL or a mean IL-6 difference of -164 ȵg/mL (data from 23 of the 34 pairs) compared to controls, with a trend to (P = 0.062).Discussion and conclusions: These preliminar data, collected in a retrospective way during the most aggressive period of Covid-19 pandemia, on clinical results on mortality, need for ICU and effect on IL-6 concentration during EKD suggest a favorable role of this dietary treatment in COVID-19 clinical management. EKD resulted well accepted by patients during hospitalization and seems to be an interesting tool in controlling Covid-19-CSS. The results of the prospective controlled randomized trial, actually ongoing, in a largest number of subjects are necessary to confirm these preliminary data.
Do Psychological Factors Affect Outcomes in Musculoskeletal Shoulder Disorders? A Systematic Review
Authors: Sheikhzadeh Ali , Wertli Maria M. , Weiner Shira Schecter , Rasmussen-Barr Eva , Weiser Sherri 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe aim is to systematically analyse the evidence for the effect of modifiable psychological factors (MPF), those that can be changed with intervention, on outcome, for patients with musculoskeletal shoulder disorders undergoing conservative or surgical treatment. MethodsThis is a systematic literature review. We searched five databases for longitudinal studies investigating the influence of MPF on the prognosis of patients with musculoskeletal shoulder disorders undergoing conservative or surgical treatment. We assigned each MPF identified in the included references to one of six constructs and categorized all constructs into three domains. We then evaluated each construct for its predictive value of at least one outcome, and all outcomes reported were considered. Evidence was classified into three categories: evidence for, inconclusive evidence, and evidence against each construct.ResultsOf 1140 publications, 35 publications based on 33 studies were included (intervention type: 15 surgical; 18 conservative). Outcomes reported included pain, disability/function, perceived recovery, physical and mental health, and work status. Six modifiable psychological constructs were explored including self-efficacy, expectation of recovery, catastrophizing, avoidant coping, depression, and anxiety. The majority of the evidence suggested the prognostic value of all constructs except self-efficacy for patients managed surgically. In patients undergoing conservative intervention the evidence was inconclusive or against the prognostic value of MPF on outcomes. ConclusionsFive constructs were found to be predictive of outcome for surgically managed patients. This suggests that implementing the biopsychosocial approach to patients with musculoskeletal shoulder disorders managed surgically may be advantageous. The same was not observed for conservative care. The importance of other MPF on outcome requires further investigation.