bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parotidectomía superficial y total en neoplasias parotídeas 10 años de experiencia cirugía maxilifacial en El Salvador
Authors: Méndez Fuentes Ludwing Manuel Alfredo 
Published: September 2020

Objetivo: El presente estudio analiza la prevalencia de las neoplasias parotídeas en la región occidental de El Salvador, así como algunos casos en San Salvador en el área pública y privada como cirujano maxilofacial. También, pretende observar los resultados de la parotidectomía superficial o total con conservación del nervio facial como tratamiento definitivo. Pacientes yMétodos: Estudio analítico, retrospectivo y longitudinal con 37 pacientes de la zona occidental de El Salvador; con neoplasias parotídeas, fueron evaluados 31 pacientes sin importar sexo y fueron operados realizándoles parotidectomia superficial y total en el período comprendido entre 2009-2019. Hubo seguimiento posquirúrgico entre 9 años y 6 meses, evaluando complicaciones quirúrgicas, algunos pacientes ya no asistieron más a sus controles. Resultados: De todas las neoplasias salivales el 68.5 % se encontraron en la glándula parótida. El 86.5 % de las neoplasias fueron benignas. El tumor más frecuente fué el adenoma pleomorfo (67.7 %), el tumor de Whartin (6.4 %). Se reportan carcinomas mucoepidermoides (8.1 %), adenocarcinoma parafaríngeo (2.7 %) referidos a oncología, siendo el único tumor maligno operado un linfoma de Hodgkin (2.7 %). Las complicaciones más frecuentes fueron la paresia de el nervio gran auricular (100 %), la mayoría recuperó al año y medio algún grado de sensibilidad sin ser cuantificada, la neuropraxia leve transitoria se observó en 16 pacientes (51.6 %) de las cuales 15 remitieron en su totalidad entre las 2-4 semanas, quedando una paciente con debilidad de la ceja izquierda después de 5 años; además, hubo una parálisis total en linfoma de Hodgkin donde se sacrificó el nervio facial. Se presentaron 3 necrósis de colgajo y 4 síndromes de Frey. Hasta la fecha no existe ninguna recidiva. Discusión: En este estudio se evidenció la incidencia de tumores benignos en la glándula parótida en concordancian con los reportes internacionales; siendo el adenoma pleomorfo seguido del tumor de Whartin, los tumores más comunes que afectan más al género femenino y al lado derecho. La parotidectomia como tratamiento para el manejo de neoplasias parotídeas benignas y malignas de bajo grado es efectiva por la no recidiva a la fecha sin mayores complicaciones.
Soil preparation and NPK fertilization in the planting of five Atlantic Rainforest species in a clay extraction area
Authors: Pinheiro Ana Paula Braido , Jardim Adriele Dos Santos , Silva João Vitor Garcia , Fernandes Adriano Alves , Pires Fábio Ribeiro , Menezes Luis Fernandes Tavares de , Schmildt Edilson Romais , Machado Frederico Santos 
Published: September 2020

The occurrence of degraded areas worldwide grows each year and measures must be taken to mitigate degradation and to recover these areas. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of soil preparation and NPK levels on the growth of five native species of the Atlantic Rainforest in clay extraction area. The experimental design was randomized block in a split-split plot arrangement with four replications. Subsoiling and scarification soil preparation represented main plots. Doses of NPK 04-14-08: 0; 40; 80;160; and 320 g pit-1 represented subplots and Atlantic Rainforest native species represented sub-subplots. Absolute growth rate, stem diameter and number of leaves were evaluated, 210 days after planting. The type of soil preparation did not influence the development of the species. The best dose for Dalbergia ecastaphyllum, Inga laurina, Protium heptaphyllum and Psidium cattleyanum were 176.49, 150.18, 199.25 and 166.48 g pit-1 of NPK, respectively. Schinus terebinthifolius was highly responsive to planting fertilization, being recommended 320 g pit-1 of NPK. All species are indicated for area recovery.
Territoires perdus, terres d’élection : Omeros de Derek Walcott, Les Indes d’Édouard Glissant et Pélagie-la-Charrette d’Antonine Maillet
Authors: Crainic Corina 
Published: September 2020

Cette analyse examine la conception de l’espace, décliné en territoires et en terres, dans un contexte postcolonial de la marginalité et de l’exclusion. Les oeuvres retenues accordent une attention particulière au sentiment d’appartenance problématique à des terres qui ne sont plus agencées en territoires aux frontières clairement délimitées et stables. En ce qui concerne les Antilles et l’Acadie décrites par Derek Walcott, Édouard Glissant et Antonine Maillet, cela est particulièrement difficile, à des degrés divers. Les univers décrits sont redevables chez Walcott et chez Glissant au commerce triangulaire, à la traite négrière et à ses conséquences pour les Amériques, et, chez Maillet, au Grand Dérangement. Au terme du parcours proposé, se dégagent quelques solutions : des modalités particulières d’une reprise des terres ou, lorsque cela n’est pas possible ou n’est plus défini comme souhaitable, d’un échafaudage particulier de la relation entre l’être humain à sa terre natale ou encore sa terre d’élection.
Facteurs influençant les attitudes des enseignant·e·s québécois·es envers l’intégration des élèves présentant des difficultés comportementales
Authors: Massé Line , Nadeau Marie-France , Verret Claudia , Gaudreau Nancy , Lagacé-Leblanc Jeanne 
Published: September 2020

Dans un contexte où l’intégration des élèves en difficulté en classe ordinaire est privilégiée, des études suggèrent que sa mise en oeuvre par les enseignant·e·s est associée, entre autres, à leurs attitudes. Parmi les caractéristiques susceptibles d’influencer ces dernières, celles envers l’élève sont bien documentées : les difficultés comportementales sont perçues plus négativement. On sait peu de choses cependant sur l’effet des caractéristiques personnelles et contextuelles de l’enseignant·e. Cette étude dresse le portrait des attitudes de 2276 enseignant·e·s du préscolaire/primaire et du secondaire à l’égard de l’intégration scolaire en classe ordinaire des élèves présentant des difficultés comportementales et examine le rôle de leurs caractéristiques. Des analyses descriptives et de régression linéaire hiérarchique indiquent des distinctions entre les dimensions des attitudes, la fréquence de participation à un plan d’intervention et la formation reçue. Les résultats sont discutés à la lumière des conditions à mettre en oeuvre pour soutenir les enseignant·e·s et les élèves.
La formation Bricoleur : un modèle informé par les expériences et voix du personnel enseignant
Authors: Cotnam-Kappel Megan , Hagerman Michelle Schira , Duplàa Emmanuel 
Published: September 2020

Cet article met en lumière les expériences d’apprentissage de 21 membres du personnel enseignant qui ont suivi une formation Bricoleur (Maker) de cinq jours. Nos analyses, fondées sur des données multimodales (gazouillis, cartes de réflexion et messages Padlet) et des entrevues, nous permettent de proposer un modèle de formation Bricoleur, destiné au personnel enseignant, qui souligne l’importance de : s’orienter vers la communauté, se situer dans un espace bricoleur, collaborer, explorer et bricoler, réfléchir, construire son identité et s’engager avec des recherches. Notre étude fait ainsi avancer les réflexions théoriques sur cette question en partageant les expériences d’apprentissage de nos participants.
À même le son de l’orgue : improviser, recréer, composer à la tribune de la Trinité
Authors: Lacôte Thomas 
Published: September 2020

À partir de l’exemple du grand orgue de l’église de la Trinité à Paris, de celui d’Olivier Messiaen, qui en fut le titulaire pendant 60 ans, et de mon travail actuel à ce poste, cet article cherche à repenser l’activité de l’organiste créateur à sa tribune et à situer sa singularité dans le champ de la création musicale, aux croisements de l’improvisation et de la composition. Grâce à de nouvelles sources, l’étude, voire la remise en actes, de différentes pratiques de Messiaen à ses claviers conduit à mettre en question ces deux catégories et leurs hybridations. De leur confrontation émerge la problématique des relations entre instrument, son et écriture, sur laquelle l’orgue offre un point d’observation singulier. Quelques exemples issus de mes Études pour orgue (2006-2015) montrent comment l’invention en interaction directe avec les phénomènes sonores complexes de l’orgue peut contribuer à renouveler les liens entre improvisation et composition et à interroger les pratiques contemporaines de la création musicale.
Rendre audible l’indéterminé : l’Ensemble Hodos joue Philip Corner
Authors: Badaroux Pierre-Antoine , Beliah Sébastien 
Published: September 2020

De 2008 à 2018, l’Ensemble Hodos a réuni des musiciens improvisateurs autour d’oeuvres indéterminées par différents aspects (orchestration, notation, forme, etc.). Entre 2011 et 2018, l’Ensemble a aussi régulièrement collaboré avec Philip Corner pour une rétrospective de ses créations. Cet article revient sur cette riche expérience, ainsi que sur les problématiques relatives à l’interprétation d’oeuvres « indéterminées » et à ses liens avec l’improvisation.
A descriptive study of random forest algorithm for predicting COVID-19 patients outcome
Authors: Wang Jie , Yu Heping , Hua Qingquan , Jing Shuili , Liu Zhifen , Peng Xiang , Cao Cheng’an , Luo Yongwen 
Published: September 2020

Background
The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) that occurred in Wuhan, China, has become a global public health threat. It is necessary to identify indicators that can be used as optimal predictors for clinical outcomes of COVID-19 patients.

Methods
The clinical information from 126 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 were collected from Wuhan Fourth Hospital. Specific clinical characteristics, laboratory findings, treatments and clinical outcomes were analyzed from patients hospitalized for treatment from 1 February to 15 March 2020, and subsequently died or were discharged. A random forest (RF) algorithm was used to predict the prognoses of COVID-19 patients and identify the optimal diagnostic predictors for patients’ clinical prognoses.

Results
Seven of the 126 patients were excluded for losing endpoints, 103 of the remaining 119 patients were discharged (alive) and 16 died in the hospital. A synthetic minority over-sampling technique (SMOTE) was used to correct the imbalanced distribution of clinical patients. Recursive feature elimination (RFE) was used to select the optimal subset for analysis. Eleven clinical parameters, Myo, CD8, age, LDH, LMR, CD45, Th/Ts, dyspnea, NLR, D-Dimer and CK were chosen with AUC approximately 0.9905. The RF algorithm was built to predict the prognoses of COVID-19 patients based on the best subset, and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of the test data was 100%. Moreover, two optimal clinical risk predictors, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and Myoglobin (Myo), were selected based on the Gini index. The univariable logistic analysis revealed a substantial increase in the risk for in-hospital mortality when Myo was higher than 80 ng/ml (OR = 7.54, 95% CI [3.42–16.63]) and LDH was higher than 500 U/L (OR = 4.90, 95% CI [2.13–11.25]).

Conclusion
We applied an RF algorithm to predict the mortality of COVID-19 patients with high accuracy and identified LDH higher than 500 U/L and Myo higher than 80 ng/ml to be potential risk factors for the prognoses of COVID-19 patients in the early stage of the disease.
Improving the Efficiency of Ammonium Acetate Extraction of Soil Potassium by Saturation Extract Method
Authors: Chaitanya T. , Padmaja G. , Rao P. C. 
Published: September 2020

The K-status in soils and its availability to plants has close relationship with field capacity or saturated conditions. Hence, there is a need to know the available K status through saturation extract and other parameters governing K-availability which bears close relation to normal field situation under which plants are grown. To improve the efficiency of ammonium acetate method by saturation extract method, saturation extract parameters were studied in vegetable growing soils of Ranga Reddy and Mahaboobnagar districts of Telangana and are correlated with forms of potassium, soil physical and chemical properties to know the importance of these parameters in release and availability of K to plants. The saturation extract obtained from the soils was analysed for available potassium and Ca + Mg values. Different parameters of the saturation extract viz., CRK, BCK and USQI factor were calculated to know the availability of potassium to plants. Results of correlation between BCK and USQI with exchangeable and non exchangeable K showed that these parameters influence the release and availability of K to plants and also the correlation with soil characteristics clearly indicate that the quantity factor Kam, KL and intensity factors PBCK, BCK are important to assess available K status. These parameters derived from K extracted by NN NH4OAc and concentration ratio of K in the saturation extract of soil i.e. BCK and USQI factor served as better indices for assessing the K supplying status of soils than K extracted by different chemical methods.
Anti Stress Activity of Phytoecdysteroids Isolated from Aerial Part of Silene claviformis
Authors: Ramazonov Nurmurod , Yusupova Ugiloy , Egamova Feruza , Syrov Vladimir 
Published: September 2020

Aims: The aim of present study was to isolate the phytoedysteroids from aerial part of Silene claviformis (Caryophyllaceae) and investigate their biological activity.
Place and Duration of Study: The investigation were carried out during 2019 and 2020 at laboratory of the chemistry of glycosides and department of the pharmacological and toxicology of Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances AS RUz, Tashkent, Uzbekistan.
Methodology: The phytoecdysteroids were isolated from aerial part of Silene claviformis using chromatographic methods. Thin-layer chromatography made on Silufol UV-254 and Merck plates, Fluka Analytical Germany, by spraying with alcohol solution of vanillin and heating for 1-2 minutes for 90-1000, UV lamp light at 254 nm and 365 nm. Their structures were confirmed by NMR and IR spectroscopy. Sum of phytoecdysteroids was administered at a dose of 10 mg/kg orally. The data obtained during the experiments were processed and analyzed by the method of variation statistics using the Student t-criterion.
Results: Silene claviformis contains 2-deoxyecdysterone (1), polypodine B (2), 20-hydroxyecdysone (3), ecdysterone-20,22-acetalisovaleric aldehyde (4),integristeron A (5),cyasterone (6), ecdysterone-20,22-acetalisovalerian (7), 2-deoxy-α-ecdysone (8). The compounds 2 and 6 are reported for the first time from this genus. The biological activity (stress-protective effect) of the mentioned phytoecdysteroids studied for the first time. These compounds were tested on male mice for their biological activities and results showed that, the adrenal gland mass increased in relation to the adrenal gland mass of intact animals by 42.6%, they showed a significant decrease in the content of ascorbic acid and cholesterol by 56.5 and 49.1%, respectively. A significant decrease in glycogen content (by 30.1%) and a noticeable activation of lipid peroxidation processes were noted in the liver, as indicated by an increase of 69.2% in the content of malondialdehyde in the organ.
Conclusion: This is the first study reporting an orally biological investigation for Silene claviformis. The sum of phytoecdysteroids showed potent stress-protective activity. The stress-protective effect of phytoecdysteroids was more pronounced in compared the eleutherococcus extract.
The Reciprocal Generalized Inverse Gaussian Frailty with Application in Life Annuity Business
Authors: Onchere Walter , Tinega Richard , Weke Patrick , Otieno Jam 
Published: September 2020

Aims: As shown in literature, several authors have adopted various individual frailty mixing distributions as a way of dealing with possible heterogeneity due to unobserved covariates in a group of insurers. This research contribution is to generalize the frailty mixing distribution to nest other classes of frailty distributions not in literature and apply the proposed distributions in valuation of life annuity business.
Methodology: A simulation study is done to assess the performance of the aforementioned models. The baseline parameters is estimated using Bayesian Inference and a better model is suggested for valuation of life annuity business.
Results: As a result of generalizing the frailty some new classes of frailty distributions are constructed such as; the Reciprocal Inverse Gaussian Frailty, the Inverse Gamma Frailty, the Harmonic Frailty and the Positive Hyperbolic Frailty.
From the simulation study, the proposed new frailty models shows that ignoring frailty leads to an underestimation of future residual lifetime since the survival curve shifts to the right when heterogeneity is accounted for. This is consistent with frailty literature.
The Reciprocal Inverse Gaussian model closely represents the Association of Kenya Insurers graduated rates with a slight increase in survival due to longevity risk.
Conclusion: The proposed new frailty models show an increase in the insurers expected liability when unobserved heterogeneity is accounted for. This is consistent with frailty literature and thus can be applied to avoid underestimating the insurer’s liability in the context of life annuity business.
The RIG model as proposed in estimating future liability by directly adjusting the AKI mortality rates shows an increase in longevity risk. The extent of heterogeneity of the insured group determines the level of risk. The RIG frailties should be considered for multivariate cases where the insureds are clustered in groups.
Terahertz Angle‐Multiplexed Metasurface for Multi‐Dimensional Multiplexing of Spatial and Frequency Domains
Authors: Wang Ling , Yang Yang , Deng Li , Hong Weijun , Zhang Chen , Li Shufang 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIncreasing information capacity is crucial for high‐capacity and high‐speed communication, especially for sub‐terahertz communication. Over the last decade, spatial multiplexing based on the orbital angular momentum (OAM) by adopting a multi‐mode OAM metasurface has attracted a lot of attention. However, current metasurface‐based OAM multiplexing methods suffer from complex and limited multiplexing channels. In this paper, a novel method to realize multi‐dimensional multiplexing combining OAM and frequency based on an angle‐multiplexed metasurface over a broadband terahertz region is proposed and investigated. A frequency‐independent phase profile formula of the angle‐multiplexed metasurface is derived. A reflective metasurface operating from 0.25 to 0.35 terahertz (THz) is designed based on this formula. For proof of concept, nine‐channel multiplexing is illustrated based on this novel method. The simulation results verify that nine‐channel off‐axis left‐hand circularly polarized beams are converted to nine orthogonal coaxial beams. Besides, according to the conventional method for OAM multiplexing, an angle‐multiplexed reflective metasurface working at 0.3 THz is designed for comparison. The simulation results show that only three‐channel multiplexing can be obtained by this model with nine‐channel incident waves. The proposed method has a great potential to enhance the transmission capacity of the communication system.
Genetic testing for inherited eye conditions in over 6,000 individuals through the eyeGENE network
Authors: Goetz Kerry E. , Reeves Melissa J. , Gagadam Shaina , Blain Delphine , Bender Chelsea , Lwin Cara , Naik Amelia , Tumminia Santa J. , Hufnagel Robert B. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractGenetic testing in a multisite clinical trial network for inherited eye conditions is described in this retrospective review of data collected through eyeGENE®, the National Ophthalmic Disease Genotyping and Phenotyping Network. Participants in eyeGENE were enrolled through a network of clinical providers throughout the United States and Canada. Blood samples and clinical data were collected to establish a phenotype:genotype database, biorepository, and patient registry. Data and samples are available for research use, and participants are provided results of clinical genetic testing. eyeGENE utilized a unique, distributed clinical trial design to enroll 6,403 participants from 5,385 families diagnosed with over 30 different inherited eye conditions. The most common diagnoses given for participants were retinitis pigmentosa (RP), Stargardt disease, and choroideremia. Pathogenic variants were most frequently reported in ABCA4 (37%), USH2A (7%), RPGR (6%), CHM (5%), and PRPH2 (3%). Among the 5,552 participants with genetic testing, at least one pathogenic or likely pathogenic variant was observed in 3,448 participants (62.1%), and variants of uncertain significance in 1,712 participants (30.8%). Ten genes represent 68% of all pathogenic and likely pathogenic variants in eyeGENE. Cross‐referencing current gene therapy clinical trials, over a thousand participants may be eligible, based on pathogenic variants in genes targeted by those therapies. This article is the first summary of genetic testing from thousands of participants tested through eyeGENE, including reports from 5,552 individuals. eyeGENE provides a launching point for inherited eye research, connects researchers with potential future study participants, and provides a valuable resource to the vision community.
A Modular Setup to Run a Large Line of Behavioral Testing in Mice in a Single Space
Authors: Manno Rachel , Witte John , Papouin Thomas 
Published: September 2020

AbstractElucidating the complex neural mechanisms that underlie cognition is contingent upon our ability to measure behavioral outputs reliably in animal models. While the development of open‐source software has made behavioral science more accessible, behavioral research remains underappreciated and underutilized. One reason is the large real estate necessitated by traditional behavioral setups. Space must be specifically allocated for a controlled testing environment, accommodate the large footprint of mazes used in behavioral research, and allow a contiguous computerized area for data acquisition. Additionally, to achieve the distinct and sometimes incompatible environmental conditions required by different tasks, a suite of testing rooms may be necessary. Because space is a limited resource, this makes behavioral testing impractical for some labs or leads to implementation of suboptimal solutions that compromise the ergonomics of the working space, prevent the adequate control of environmental parameters around the testing setup, and jeopardize experimental reproducibility.Here, we describe a modular, space‐saving, self‐sufficient, functional, customizable, and cost‐efficient setup to allow a large line of behavioral tests in mice within a single, compact room (<8 m2). Because it is modular by design, this setup requires no compromises on ergonomics, environmental control, or complexity of the visual landscape. It is inherently effective at streamlining behavioral experiments by eliminating the need to redefine tracking parameters, and makes swapping between configurations fast (∼1 min) and effortless. Presently, this design allows one to run eight major behavioral tasks, permitting a detailed and comprehensive analysis of mouse behavior within the footprint of a small office. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Constructing the support tableSupport Protocol 1: Constructing the open‐field mazeSupport Protocol 2: Constructing IR‐permissive inserts for light‐dark assaysSupport Protocol 3: Constructing the three‐chamber mazeSupport Protocol 4: Constructing the Y mazeSupport Protocol 5: Constructing the elevated plus mazeSupport Protocol 6: Constructing the Barnes mazeBasic Protocol 2: Setting up the behavior room: flange and pulley systemsBasic Protocol 3: Setting up the behavior room: environmental and storage systemsBasic Protocol 4: Assembling and switching between configurations