bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Techno‐economic assessment of trans‐critical CO2 booster system with modified evaporative cooling for supermarket application in Indian context
Authors: Lata Manju , Purohit Nilesh , Gupta Dileep Kumar 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis paper presents the techno‐economic assessment of different selected and proposed, CO2 booster configurations for supermarket applications. The mathematical model has been developed for eight different configurations and, analyzed for year‐round operations in five selected major cities of India having different climatic conditions. The performance of the configurations is evaluated in terms of annual energy saving, seasonal energy efficiency ratio, life cycle cost, and additional investment recovery time(AIRT). Subsequently, the performance of the systems are compared with the Basic Booster System (BBS). The results show, 357.4 MWh of maximum AES, and 51.2% of enhancement in SEER, for BBS with both low and medium temperature‐flooded evaporator integrated with the modified evaporative cooler (BBSM‐LT + MT) configuration over BBS in Ahmedabad, India, compared to the selected cities in India. The economic analysis reveals that BBSM‐LT + MT configuration has minimum AIRT of 1.2 years for Ahmedabad, India compared to selected cities in India. Hence, the performance of BBSM‐LT + MT is better compared to other investigated configurations, for all the selected cities. The proposed configurations can be considered as suitable option for supermarket application in terms of energy, environment, and economy.
Catalytic ozonation of caffeine with sepiolite: Effects of impregnation with zero‐valent iron and ultrasound
Authors: Savun‐Hekimoğlu Başak , Eren Zeynep , Ince Nilsun H. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe study is about the oxidative destruction and mineralization of caffeine by catalytic ozonation using sepiolite, which is a low‐cost natural clay mineral found abundantly in Anatolia. The results showed that while ozonation alone at pH 6.0 (the natural pH of the test solution) provided 72% caffeine decay and 18% carbon mineralization during 10‐min and 60‐min reaction, respectively; catalytic ozonation with sepiolite provided 96% conversion and 30% mineralization during equivalent pH and reaction times. The activity of the catalyst was further improved by immobilization of zero‐valent iron (ZVI) on its surface to produce a nanocomposite (ZVI/SEP) with a massive surface area and a much more reactive surface. Integration of the process with high‐frequency ultrasound (US) was found to further enhance the rate of caffeine degradation and the degree of carbon mineralization via the unique properties of ultrasound for enhancing the rate of mass transfer to the catalyst surface and the generation of hydroxyl radicals (HO•) via thermal fragmentation of water molecules in the collapsing cavity bubbles. Maximum process efficiency was obtained under the following optimized conditions: pH = 6.0, O3 (aq.) = 4 mg L−1, SEP/ZVI = 1.0 g L−1, US frequency = 577 kHz, t = 5‐min and 60‐min for 100% caffeine and 57% TOC decay, respectively. The nanocomposite was also highly stable, for it was used consecutively in four cycles without significant loss in activity.
Stateof charge estimation framework for lithium‐ion batteries based on square root cubature Kalman filter under wide operation temperature range
Authors: Shen Jiangwei , Xiong Jian , Shu Xing , Li Guang , Zhang Yuanjian , Chen Zheng , Liu Yonggang 
Published: November 2020

SummaryDue to the significant influence of temperature on battery charging and discharging performance, exact evaluation of state of charge (SOC) under complex temperature environment becomes increasingly important. This paper develops an advanced framework to estimate the SOC for lithium‐ion batteries with consideration of temperature variation. First, an accurate electrical model with wide temperature compensation is established, and a series of experiments are carried out under wide range time‐varying temperature from −20°C to 60°C. Then, the genetic algorithm is leveraged to identify the temperature‐dependent model parameters. On this basis, the battery SOC is accurately estimated based on the square root cubature Kalman filter algorithm. Finally, the availability of the proposed method at different temperatures is validated through a complicated mixed working cycle test, and the experimental results manifest that the devised framework can accurately evaluate SOC under wide time‐varying temperature range with the maximum error of less than 2%.
Coupling an unstructured grid three‐dimensional model with a laterally averaged two‐dimensional model for shallow water hydrodynamics and transport processes
Authors: Chen XinJian 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis article presents a dynamically coupled 3D‐2DV hydrodynamic model, which combines an unstructured Cartesian grid three‐dimensional hydrodynamic model named UnLESS3D with a laterally averaged model for estuaries (LAMFE). Both UnLESS3D and LAMFE are shallow water models, which solve unsteady Reynolds‐averaged Navier–Stokes equations. The coupled hydrodynamic model, named UnLESS, is very suitable and efficient for rivers, lakes, and estuaries, which have not only large waterbodies but also long, meandering, and narrow tributaries. The dynamic coupling of UnLESS3D and LAMFE is facilitated with a semiimplicit scheme called the free‐surface correction (FSC) method. The resulting coupled model UnLESS is unconditionally stable with respect to the gravity waves, bottom shear stress, and vertical eddy viscosity terms. The UnLESS model was tested with an idealized estuary case which has a large basin and two narrow tributaries, providing freshwater flow to the basin. Model results using UnLESS were compared with those using the UnLESS3D model. It was found that the UnLESS model can reproduce the model results of UnLESS3D. The UnLESS model was also applied to Charlotte Harbor, with its major tributaries flowing to its northern part being included in the simulation domain. A good agreement of model results of water level, current, salinity, and temperature simulated by the UnLESS model with real‐time data measured in Charlotte Harbor and its tributaries suggest that the method presented here is robust in dynamically coupling the 3D unstructured Cartesian Grid model UnLESS3D with the laterally averaged model LAMFE.
Global earth mineral inventory: A data legacy
Authors: Prabhu Anirudh , Morrison Shaunna M. , Eleish Ahmed , Zhong Hao , Huang Fang , Golden Joshua J. , Perry Samuel N. , Hummer Daniel R. , Ralph Jolyon , Runyon Simone E. , Fontaine Kathleen , Krivovichev Sergey , Downs Robert T. , Hazen Robert M. , Fox Peter 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMinerals contain important clues to understanding the complex geologic history of Earth and other planetary bodies. Therefore, geologists have been collecting mineral samples and compiling data about these samples for centuries. These data have been used to better understand the movement of continental plates, the oxidation of Earth's atmosphere and the water regime of ancient martian landscapes. Datasets found at ‘RRUFF.info/Evolution’ and ‘mindat.org’ have documented a wealth of mineral occurrences around the world. One of the main goals in geoinformatics has been to facilitate discovery by creating and merging datasets from various scientific fields and using statistical methods and visualization tools to inspire and test hypotheses applicable to modelling Earth's past environments. To help achieve this goal, we have compiled physical, chemical and geological properties of minerals and linked them to the above‐mentioned mineral occurrence datasets. As a part of the Deep Time Data Infrastructure, funded by the W.M. Keck Foundation, with significant support from the Deep Carbon Observatory (DCO) and the A.P. Sloan Foundation, GEMI (‘Global Earth Mineral Inventory’) was developed from the need of researchers to have all of the required mineral data visible in a single portal, connected by a robust, yet easy to understand schema. Our data legacy integrates these resources into a digestible format for exploration and analysis and has allowed researchers to gain valuable insights from mineralogical data. GEMI can be considered a network, with every node representing some feature of the datasets, for example, a node can represent geological parameters like colour, hardness or lustre. Exploring subnetworks gives the researcher a specific view of the data required for the task at hand. GEMI is accessible through the DCO Data Portal (https://dx.deepcarbon.net/11121/6200‐6954‐6634‐8243‐CC). We describe our efforts in compiling GEMI, the Data Policies for usage and sharing, and the evaluation metrics for this data legacy.
Detection of Alzheimer's Disease using cortical diffusion tensor imaging
Authors: Torso Mario , Bozzali Marco , Zamboni Giovanna , Jenkinson Mark , Chance Steven A. ,   for the Alzheimers Disease Neuroimage Initiative
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe aim of this research was to test a novel in‐vivo brain MRI analysis method that could be used in clinical cohorts to investigate cortical architecture changes in patients with Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Three cohorts of patients with probable AD and healthy volunteers were used to assess the results of the method. The first group was used as the “Discovery” cohort, the second as the “Test” cohort and the last “ATN” (Amyloid, Tau, Neurodegeneration) cohort was used to test the method in an ADNI 3 cohort, comparing to amyloid and Tau PET. The method can detect altered quality of cortical grey matter in AD patients, providing an additional tool to assess AD, distinguishing between these and healthy controls with an accuracy range between good and excellent. These new measurements could be used within the “ATN” framework as an index of cortical microstructure quality and a marker of Neurodegeneration. Further development may aid diagnosis, patient selection, and quantification of the “Neurodegeneration” component in response to therapies in clinical trials.
Evaluation of a statewide initiative to reduce expulsion of young children
Authors: Conners Edge Nicola A. , Kyzer Angela , Abney Ashelyn , Freshwater Audrey , Sutton Melissa , Whitman Kimberly 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACTThis program evaluation study describes 3 years of implementation of Arkansas's BehaviorHelp (BH) system, a statewide expulsion prevention support system for early care and education (ECE). BH coordinates three tiers of supports to ECE professionals, including phone support, on‐site technical assistance (TA), and infant and early childhood mental health consultation (IECMHC). We examine differences in characteristics of those served across BH service tiers, describe short‐term case outcomes, and explore factors associated with expulsions. BH accepted referrals for 1,195 children in 488 ECE programs. The majority of referrals involved male children over the age of three, and most cases were assigned to the TA tier (68.5%). Cases assigned to receive IECMHC (28.4%) were more likely to involve children in foster care, receiving developmental therapies, and with higher rates of exposure to potentially traumatic events. The expulsion rate among referred children was 2.9%, and reported teacher engagement with the support process was high. Teachers receiving IECMHC services reported significant improvements in children's symptoms of emotional and behavioral problems. Exploratory analyses revealed that risk factors for expulsion included being a male, in foster care, in a lower quality ECE environment, and having a teacher with less training in social–emotional development.
Effects of dexamethasone and gamma globulin combined with prednisone on the therapeutic effect and immune function of Henoch‐Schonlein purpura nephritis in children
Authors: Chen Lei , Wang Xinning , Yin Liang , Ma Kun , Liu Xiangyang 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundHenoch‐Schonlein purpura nephritis (HSPN) is a serious complication of Henoch‐Schonlein purpura (HSP), which is usually treated with immunosuppressant and glucocorticoid. This study was designed to explore the effect of dexamethasone and gamma globulin combined with prednisone in the treatment of pediatric HSPN.MethodsAccording to the treatment plan, 60 children treated with dexamethasone and gamma globulin were included in the control group, and the rest 55 children treated with dexamethasone and gamma globulin combined with prednisone were selected as the research group. The clinical manifestations, therapeutic effect, immune function, serum inflammatory factors, blood coagulation function, urine routine, renal function, and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.ResultsThe clinical manifestations of children in the research group were significantly better than those in the control group after treatment (P < .05). The total effective rate in the research group (94.55%) was markedly higher than that in the control group (76.67%) (P < .05). CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, IL‐10, PT, and APTT increased while CD4+/CD8+, IgA, IL‐8, TNF‐α, FIB, urine protein, urine red blood cell, Scr, and BUN decreased in both groups after treatment, and the changes of all the above indexes in the research group were significant than those in the control group (P < .05). The incidence of adverse reactions in the research group was remarkably superior to that in the control group (P < .05).ConclusionDexamethasone and gamma globulin combined with prednisone can improve the immune function of children with HSPN and promote the recovery of renal function.
Effects of pancreatectomy on nutritional state, pancreatic function, and quality of life over 5 years of follow up
Authors: Shin Yong Chan , Han Youngmin , Kim Eunjung , Kwon Wooil , Kim Hongbeom , Jang Jin‐Young 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundTo analyze serial changes in nutritional status, pancreatic function, and quality of life (QoL) over 5 years of follow‐up after pancreatectomy.MethodsPatients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) or distal pancreatectomy (DP) between 2007 and 2013 were included. Data on relative body weight (RBW); triceps skinfold thickness (TSFT); body mass index (BMI); serum protein, albumin, transferrin, fasting blood glucose, postprandial 2‐h glucose, and stool elastase levels; and QoL questionnaire scores were collected serially for 5 years.ResultsTwo hundred and seventeen patients were enrolled, but 79 patients completed the 5‐year follow‐up. RBW, BMI, and TSFT continued to decrease postoperatively but increased after 6 months. Transferrin, albumin, and protein levels recovered to the preoperative level after 3 months. Multivariate analysis revealed that a BMI >25 kg/m2, DP, and adjuvant therapy had a significant impact on endocrine pancreatic insufficiency. Although steatorrhea and diarrhea were mainly resolved by 12 months, the stool elastase level decreased after PD and was not restored. The mean scores for all QoL questionnaires improved above the preoperative value at 12 months.ConclusionsPatients undergoing pancreatectomy can return to their daily lives after 12 months. However, those with risk factors associated with pancreatic function and QoL need more careful follow‐up and supportive management.
Real‐world application of the Xpert® HBV viral load assay on serum and dried blood spots
Authors: Jackson Kathy , Tekoaua Rosemary , Li Xin , Locarnini Stephen 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAs we strive towards the WHO goal of elimination of viral hepatitis as a public health threat by 2030, implementation of reliable, accurate diagnostic assays is crucial to identify those at risk of disease progression and those at risk of transmission. Ironically those at greatest risk of chronic hepatitis B are often in resource‐poor regions with limited access to testing, collection, storage, and/or transportation of peripheral blood. The Xpert® HBV Viral Load assay provides an easy to use, convenient means of measuring load on GeneXpert platforms. In this study, the Xpert assay is evaluated against four commercially available high‐throughput assays for Hepatitis B virus (HBV) loads. In addition application of dried blood spots (DBS) for estimation of viral load is assessed on real‐world samples collected from a remote Pacific Island, Kiribati. A total of 107 serum/plasma samples were tested in the Xpert HBV load assay and compared with the Abbott m2000, Alinity m, and Roche Cobas CAP/CTM and 6800. Fifty‐three DBS were tested in the Xpert assay and compared with matching serum samples. Overall 82% serum/plasma samples demonstrated good correlation between the Xpert and Roche and Abbott assays, to within 0.5 log10 IU/ml. The greatest discrepancies were seen at the limits of quantification of all assays. About 85.4% DBS gave estimable viral loads to within 1 log10 IU/ml of the serum load. The Xpert HBV viral load assay is recommended for all settings but particularly useful for resource‐poor settings. Utility of DBS with the Xpert assay provides a simple means for testing in remote settings.
Proactive Interference in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Authors: Daneshvar Somayeh , Taghavi Mohammad Reza , Jobson Laura 
Published: November 2020

AbstractDeficits in working memory (WM) have a role in maintaining posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, including intrusions, which are a hallmark of PTSD symptomatology. As intrusions are distressing and uncontrollable, it is important to investigate whether PTSD is associated with altered control of proactive interference in WM. Moreover, it is important to consider both verbal and visual WM, as previous research has demonstrated a visual versus verbal dissociation in PTSD. Although previous studies have explored proactive interference in visual and verbal stimuli using a recent probe task, the stimuli used thus far have been non–trauma‐related. Therefore, we aimed to investigate proactive interference in PTSD using trauma‐related verbal and visual stimuli. Road traffic accident (RTA) survivors with (n = 60) and without PTSD (n = 30) completed a recent probe task to assess proactive interference of visual and verbal trauma‐related material. Participants with PTSD displayed significantly more proactive interference than trauma‐exposed controls for visual, ηp2 = .40, and verbal material, ηp2 = .10, indicating that proactive interference is significantly impaired in PTSD. This demonstrates that further research is warranted and highlights the possibility of considering proactive interference of trauma‐related stimuli in therapeutic approaches.
Combining Mechanical Fortification and Ultralow Flammability in Epoxy Networks
Authors: Saraf Chinmay , Stubbs Elizabeth , Hu Weiguo , Emrick Todd , Lesser Alan J. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMultifunctional organophosphorus additives present opportunities to engineer epoxy networks with both enhanced mechanical properties and ultralow flammability. This paper describes a systematic investigation of the effect of dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP) on the mechanical and heat release properties of both conventional and inherently low flammability epoxy resins. The findings demonstrate that integration of DMMP into epoxy networks produces materials with outstanding flame retardance and increased stiffness. Thermogravimetric analysis of DMMP‐containing networks show that DMMP promotes considerable char formation, with char residue reaching very high levels, up to 55%, for DMMP‐containing deoxybenzoin networks. Microscale combustion calorimetry of all the DMMP‐containing networks exhibit 50% lower heat release capacity and total heat release rate values relative to formulations without DMMP. Moreover, vertical burn tests demonstrate that DMMP‐containing formulations burn slowly and self‐extinguish. Morphological analysis of the charred DMMP‐containing formulations shows a porous structure and mechanical characterization reveals 50% higher elastic modulus, and comparable yield stress, for networks containing DMMP relative to those without DMMP. Overall, this organophosphorus additive represents an opportunity to combine materials chemistry with mechanical enhancement mechanisms to achieve low heat release properties without the need for halogenated flame‐retardant additives.
Fibrin‐based biomaterial systems to enhance anterior cruciate ligament healing
Authors: Scull Grant , Fisher Matthew B. , Brown Ashley C. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAnterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears are a common and potentially career‐ending injury, particularly for athletes and soldiers. Partial and complete ruptures of this ligament cause instability in the knee, and the ACL does not have the capacity for healing due, in part, to its position within the highly thrombolytic synovial fluid environment of the knee joint. Traditional methods of ACL reconstruction, such as graft replacement, restore stability but do not prevent the development of post‐traumatic osteoarthritis. To enhance therapeutic treatment options, novel fibrin‐based technologies and repair techniques have been recently explored and show promise for improved patient outcomes. Through modification of existing surgical methods, such as the use of fibrin glues incorporating growth factors and cells and the implementation of scaffolds containing platelet‐rich plasma, platelet‐rich fibrin and other blood derivatives, surgeons are attempting to overcome the shortcomings of traditional treatments. This mini‐review will detail current efforts using fibrin‐based treatments and discuss opportunities to further enhance ACL healing.
Optimizing clinical research procedures in public health emergencies
Authors: Madariaga Ainhoa , Kasherman Lawrence , Karakasis Katherine , Degendorfer Pamela , Heesters Ann M. , Xu Wei , Husain Shahid , Oza Amit M. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPublic Health Emergencies of International Concern, such as the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, have a devastating impact on an individual and societal level, and there is an urgent need to learn, understand and bridge the therapeutic gap at a time of extreme stress on the patient, health care systems and staff. Well‐designed, controlled clinical trials play a crucial role in the discovery of novel diagnostic and management strategies; however, these catastrophic circumstances pose unique challenges in initiating research studies at institutional, national, and international levels, highlighting the importance of a coordinated, collaborative approach. This review discusses key elements necessary to consider for developing clinical trials within a Public Health Emergency setting.
Application of Genetic Stock Identification and Parentage-Based Tagging in a Mixed-Stock Recreational Chinook Salmon Fishery
Authors: Jensen Alexander J. , Schreck Carl B. , Hess Jon E. , Bohn Sandra , O’Malley Kathleen G. , Peterson James T. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Genetic methods can guide and improve the management of recreational mixed-stock fisheries by informing stock-specific estimates of harvest. We applied genetic stock identification and parentage-based tagging to a recreational Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha fishery in the Columbia River to illustrate the value of genetic analysis in management. We sampled landed catch in 2017 and 2018, assigned the fish to genetic reporting groups, explored temporal trends in harvest composition within and between seasons, and assessed the accuracy and precision of genetic methods against estimates from conventional tagging methodology. The genetic stock identification and parentage-based tagging produced concordant stock assignments, and the harvest composition estimates were validated with independent data. High assignment rates, relative to expended sampling effort, and precise harvest composition estimates with adequate sample sizes demonstrate that both genetic methods can be complementary, effective tools in advancing harvest assessment and recreational fisheries management. The success of genetic stock identification and parentage-based tagging supports the expanded application of genetics to similar fisheries, potentially alongside existing or emerging assessment methods, and guides future improvements in data collection and analysis.