bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The potential of a surface pre‐reacted glass root canal dressing for treating apical periodontitis in rats
Authors: Xiong B. , Shirai K. , Matsumoto K. , Abiko Y. , Furuichi Y. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAimTo evaluate the efficacy of a prototype root canal dressing containing surface pre‐reacted glass–ionomer (S‐PRG) fillers on repairing induced periapical lesions in a rat model. Calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2] was applied as a comparison in the healing process.MethodologyThe pulp chambers of the maxillary first molars in 64 male Wistar rats aged 16 weeks were opened to induce periapical lesions. After 28 days, the mesial canal of each tooth was prepared, irrigated with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite only (control group: irrigation) or followed by the respective dressing [Ca(OH)2 group, irrigation + Ca(OH)2; S‐PRG group, irrigation + S‐PRG] and restored with composite resin for 3 or 7 days (10/group). Four rats with healthy molars were used as blank controls. Descriptive analysis of the periapical radiographs, haematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemical observation was performed 3 and 7 days after treatment. The periapical grey value, CD68 macrophages and osteoclasts (cathepsin‐K) were quantified and statistically analysed with Tukey’s honest significant difference test. A significant difference was achieved when P values were <0.05.ResultsS‐PRG and Ca(OH)2 dressings were associated with increased periapical grey values and inhibited osteoclast activity at 3 and 7 days; a significant difference in radiographic results and the number of osteoclasts was obtained at 3 and 7 days compared with the control group (P < 0.05). Reparative tissue was observed histologically in the space of the periapical resorbed necrotic area after S‐PRG and Ca(OH)2 treatment for 3 and 7 days. The number of macrophages was significantly decreased at 3 and 7 days in the S‐PRG and Ca(OH)2 specimens when compared with the controls (P < 0.05).ConclusionsIn a rat experimental model, the S‐PRG root canal dressing was comparable to Ca(OH)2 in promoting the healing of experimentally induced periapical lesions. S‐PRG paste has the potential to be used as an alternative intracanal dressing in teeth with apical periodontitis.
Biowaste‐derived hydroxyapatite reinforced with polyvinyl pyrrolidone/aloevera composite for biomedical applications
Authors: Mathina Mathiyalagan , Shinyjoy Elangomannan , Kavitha Louis , Gopi Dhanaraj 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe present investigation focuses on the synthesis of crabshell‐derived hydroxyapatite (CS‐HAP)/ water‐soluble synthetic polymer—polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP)/aloevera(AV)—a natural biopolymer, as a composite for enhanced mechanical, antibacterial and biocompatible properties. The reinforcement of polymer has a significant function in increasing the mechanical property of the composite, whereas the incorporation of AV improves the antibacterial and biocompatibility. Phase composition, morphology, mechanical property, and hydrophilicity of CS‐HAP/PVP/AV biocomposite with different concentrations of PVP and AV were examined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X‐Ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X‐ray (SEM‐EDX), Vickers microhardness tests, contact angle, respectively. Furthermore, the antibacterial efficiency of the composite is assessed using Escherichia coli (E coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S aureus). The biocompatibility of HOS MG 63 cells on the CS‐HAP/PVP/AV composite is evaluated by MTT assay test. The obtained results evidence that the as‐synthesized composite have appropriate mechanical, antibacterial and biocompatible properties. Overall, the combination of mechanical property of PVP, antibacterial and biocompatible property of AV in CS‐HAP/PVP/AV, makes the composite a potential therapeutic material for various biomedical applications.
Chemical durability of lead crystal glass: Comparison of short‐term aqueous and atmospheric alteration at 90°C
Authors: Collin Marie , Diallo Babacar , Lecoq Hélène , Ory Sandra , Chauvet Elodie , Pellerin Nadia 
Published: September 2020

AbstractCrystal glass alteration in an aqueous medium has been extensively studied following the implementation of strict regulations regarding lead leaching. However, despite the widespread use of lead glasses and crystal glass by artists and artisans ever since antiquity, few works focus on crystal glass corrosion in atmospheric conditions. In this preliminary study, the altered layers formed on crystal glass in aqueous and atmospheric conditions at 90°C are compared. On the timescale studied (20 days), ToF‐SIMS profiles of both altered layers show water ingress. This hydration step is correlated with K leaching in aqueous media, and29Si and27Al NMR analysis of the altered structure highlights the formation of newQ4and AlO6units. Low alkali leaching is observed in atmospheric conditions, but the altered glass structure is highly hydrolyzed, as attested by its high water and silanol content. As a result, the altered layer formed in aqueous conditions is more polymerized than the one formed in atmospheric conditions, and potentially more passivating through a mechanism involving water availability. On the bases of29Si/1H and27Al/1H CP‐MAS NMR experiments, the oxygen repartition is described in the altered glasses, differentiating the oxygen atoms involved in structural NBO from that of hydroxyl groups.
Physicochemical and flavour characteristics of Maillard reaction products derived from Aloididae aloidi muscle enzymatic hydrolysates coupled with High‐Pressure Processing
Authors: Bu Ying , Zhu Lunwei , Xu Wenting , Zhu Wenhui , Liu He , Li Jianrong , Li Xuepeng 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMaillard reaction (MR) plays a crucial role in food processing and storage, and Maillard reaction products (MRPs) contribute to improve flavour of foods. In this study, Aloididae aloidi enzymatic hydrolysates lyophilised powder coupled with high‐pressure processing (F1) and atmospheric pressure (F2) was used to evaluate physicochemical and flavour properties after MR. Compared with F2, F1 has not only higher organic acid, 5′‐nucleotides and free amino acid (FAA) content, but also a reduced proportion of bitter amino acids. After MR, significant changes in MRPs were found, such as the accumulation of intermediate and browning products, the decline of pH. Furthermore, the content of FAAs and 5′‐nucleotides in MRPs showed an obvious decrease, whereas the total content of organic acid increased. In addition, the electronic nose (e‐nose) and gas chromatography‐mass spectrometer (GC‐MS) results showed that the content of volatile compounds with meaty flavour increased in MRPs and aldehydes with fishy flavour obviously decreased. To sum up, the enzymatic hydrolysis coupled with high‐pressure processing and MR can better improve the flavour.
Evaluation of the BD Stem Cell Enumeration Kit on the BD FACSCanto II flow cytometer using bd facscanto clinical and bd facsdiva software
Authors: Rimac Vladimira , Bojanić Ines , Gojčeta Koraljka , Golubić Ćepulić Branka 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIntroductionCD34+ hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) enumeration by cell flow cytometry is routinely used in clinical laboratories for monitoring of HSC mobilization into peripheral blood and assessment of the quality of HSC products. The modified ISHAGE protocol is the most often used procedure for determination of CD34+ cells using flow cytometry. The aim of this study was to evaluate BD Enumeration stem cell kit on flow cytometer BD facscanto II, using facscanto clinical and facsdiva softwares.MethodsValidation study included determination of within‐run and between‐run precision, trueness (bias), comparison of the test results analyzed on facscanto clinical and facsdiva softwares, assessment of linearity, specimen stability, and carryover.ResultsFor between‐run precision, coefficients of variation (CVs) were all <10%, except for low control level on facsdiva software. CVs for within‐run precision were <10%, except for high absolute count of CD34+ cells on facsdiva software. Comparison of data showed no statistically significant differences between facscanto clinical and facsdiva software (Spearman's rank correlation coefficients were .993 for % of CD34+ cells and 0.983 for absolute count of CD34+ cells). In linearity study, bias for all dilutions was < 20%, and carryover assessment cannot be considered significant on both softwares. There was a statistically significant difference (P = .044) in absolute count of CD34+ cells after 24 hours of storage, when using facscanto clinical software.ConclusionBD Stem Cell Enumeration Kit can be used in routine laboratory work on BD FACSCanto II instrument, whereas facscanto clinical and facsdiva software were used for acquisition and data analysis.
Circulating Hodgkin cells: A clinicopathologic analysis of seven patients and a review of the literature
Authors: Aladily Tariq N. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIntroductionHodgkin cell leukemia is a rare phenomenon in which Hodgkin and Reed‐Sternberg cells circulate the peripheral blood. Few cases were reported but no modern case series is available in the literature.MethodsPeripheral blood smears from patients diagnosed with Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) at our institution were reviewed. Relevant clinical and pathologic parameters were collected and compared with reported cases in the literature.ResultsSeven patients were identified over a period of 8 years. All patients were males with a median age of 35 years. The diagnosis was classic HL in six (86%) patients and nodular lymphocyte predominant in one (14%). All patients presented with anemia (100%), and six (86%) had leukopenia and lymphopenia. Circulating Hodgkin cells were few in number and ranged between 2% and 10% of total white blood cells. Mononuclear Hodgkin cells were more common than binucleated Reed‐Sternberg cells. All patients were in stage IV disease (100%). Six patients (86%) died within one year of identifying these cells.ConclusionsHodgkin cell leukemia is very rare and represents a terminal event in the course of the disease of any histologic subtype. It is strongly associated with poor prognostic factors of HL such as advanced clinical stage, male gender, and the presence of anemia and lymphopenia. Circulating Hodgkin cells are few in number and thus can be missed in routine blood film examination. We describe the morphologic features of leukemic Hodgkin cells in details in order to help pathologists identify them for both diagnostic and research purposes.
Recurrent PROC and novel PROS1 mutations in Vietnamese patients diagnosed with idiopathic deep venous thrombosis
Authors: Do Minh Duc , Pham Dung Van , Le Long Phi , Gia Le Linh Hoang , Minh Tran Luan Bao , Dang Huynh Minh Duc , Do Quang Minh , Vu Hoang Anh , Nguyen Nam Hoai , Mai Thao Phuong 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIntroductionGenetic mutations of PROC and PROS1 are well‐known risk factors for deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in the Asian population. However, the genetic profile of Vietnamese patients with DVT remains elusive. This study aimed to investigate the spectrum of genetic mutations of these two genes in Vietnamese patients diagnosed with idiopathic DVT.Materials and methodsA total of 50 Vietnamese patients diagnosed with idiopathic DVT were recruited in this study. The entire coding regions of the protein C and protein S genes were amplified and directly sequenced to determine genetic alterations.ResultsFour and six genetic mutations were detected in protein C and protein S genes, respectively, in 24 Vietnamese DVT patients. PROC c.565C > T (p.R189W) was the most common mutation found in 13 out of 50 patients, while the mutations of PROS1 comprised three missense and three nonsense variants which diffuse along the gene.ConclusionsThis study shows that mutations of protein C and protein S genes are prevalent in Vietnamese patients diagnosed with idiopathic DVT, and PROC c.565C > T (p.R189W) was the most common genetic alteration.
Overall hemostasis potential and aPTT‐clot waveform analysis as powerful laboratory diagnostic tools for identification of hemophilia A patients with unexpected bleeding phenotype
Authors: Milos Marija , Coen Herak Désirée , Mahmoud Hourani Soutari Nida , Pavic Josipa , Zupancic‐Salek Silva , Zadro Renata , Antovic Jovan P. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIntroductionTraditionally used laboratory methods do not always accurately reflect bleeding severity in hemophilia A (HA) patients. The ability of three global assays for identifying patients with unexpected bleeding phenotype was investigated.MethodsOverall hemostasis potential (OHP), aPTT‐clot waveform analysis (aPTT‐CWA), endogenous thrombin potential (ETP), FVIII activities, and prothrombin fragment 1 + 2 concentrations were measured in 62 HA patients (30 severe and 32 non‐severe) and 27 male controls. Bleeding phenotype was determined using our proposed scoring system including age at first joint bleed, number of target joints, and number of joint/muscle bleeds per year. Bleeding score ≤ 4 defined patients with mild bleeding phenotype (N = 27); score ≥ 5 defined severe bleeding phenotype (N = 35).ResultsThe receiver operating characteristic analysis performed for distinguishing patients with severe and mild bleeding phenotype yielded following values of area under the curve: 0.910 (FVIII); 0.891 (aPTT‐CWA parameter DELTA); 0.769 (OHP); and 0.634 (ETP). Unexpected bleeding phenotype was identified in 11/62 HA patients: 8/32 (25%) non–severe HA patients had severe, while 3/30 (10%) severe HA patients had mild bleeding phenotype, and global assays enabled the identification of all these patients. OHP and DELTA were revealed as the most reliable parameters for bleeding phenotype determination (10/11 and 9/11 unexpected results, respectively).ConclusionThis study emphasizes OHP and aPTT‐CWA as a powerful laboratory diagnostic tool in identifying HA patients with unexpected bleeding presentations, with the best results achieved by combining both assays. Global assays should not completely replace FVIII activity measurement but should be a part of the HA diagnostic algorithm.
High intake of added sugars is linked to rapid weight gain in infancy, breastfeeding ≥12 months may protect against this: A preliminary investigation
Authors: Kong Kai Ling , Burgess Brenda , Morris Katherine S. , Faith Myles S. , Paluch Rocco A. 
Published: September 2020

SummaryBackgroundConsumption of added sugars is linked to excess adiposity in older age groups and breastfeeding has been shown to protect against later obesity.ObjectivesThis investigation aimed to determine whether intake of added sugars associates with rapid weight gain in individuals under 2 years of age, if intake of added sugars associates with breastfeeding duration, and how both influence body weight.MethodsA cross‐sectional analysis of data from three 24‐hours dietary recalls collected from 141 infants/toddlers (age 11.9 ± 1.9 months, 44.7% male) was performed. Multivariable regressions assessed relationships between added sugar intakes, breastfeeding duration, and weight status. Hierarchical regressions examined added variance accounted for in rapid weight gain (specifically, upward weight‐for‐age percentile [WFA %tile] crossing) through the interaction of added sugars * breastfeeding duration.ResultsAdded sugars correlated positively with upward WFA %tile crossing (r= 0.280,P< .001) and negatively with breastfeeding duration (r=−0.468,P< .001). Consumption of added sugars was a significant predictor of rapid weight gain when breastfeeding duration was short (<12 months,β= 0.020,P= .029), but not long (≥12 months,β= 0.001,P= .875).ConclusionsA high intake of added sugars in individuals below age 2 associates with rapid weight gain, though breastfeeding ≥12 months appears protective against this. Further studies are necessary to substantiate these findings and provide insight into underlying mechanisms.
On the International Labour Organization and prison labour: An invitation to recalibrate
Authors: MILMAN‐SIVAN Faina , SAGY Yair 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis article re‐examines the ILO's normative outlook on prison labour, arguing that it is out of touch with the realities on the ground, where public/private hybrid forms of prison labour are proliferating. The authors bring to light the controversy surrounding the position taken by the ILO, as member States repeatedly demand that it relax, and increasingly defy, its dichotomous stance. They illustrate the heavy price to be paid if the ILO stays on its current course, but also if it adopts the position favoured by some of these member States. Instead, they point to two alternatives that go beyond these conflicting positions.
The Rana Plaza disaster seven years on: Transnational experiments and perhaps a new treaty?
Authors: TREBILCOCK Anne 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis article examines several noteworthy initiatives that were implemented following the deadly 2013 Rana Plaza disaster in Bangladesh. They broke new ground in transnational labour law. The ILO‐backed initiatives were largely successful but remain insufficient to achieve lasting change in the ready‐made garment industry, where global brands’ supply chain buying practices constrain investment in occupational safety and health. A proposed United Nations treaty on business and human rights now seeks to enhance corporate accountability. Although promising, as part of a smart mix of multi‐level public and private solutions, the treaty needs fine‐tuning in the light of lessons learned from post‐Rana Plaza experiments.
The trade–labour relationship in the light of the WTO Appellate Body's embrace of pluralism
Authors: LANGILLE Joanna 
Published: September 2020

AbstractLabour lawyers have raised concerns that the law of the World Trade Organization (WTO) has the potential to limit member States' ability to respond to violations of (international) labour rights/standards, both at home and abroad. But its Appellate Body has interpreted WTO law to “permit pluralism”, preserving Members' right to regulate. This jurisprudence has carved out “policy space” for Members, broadened the scope of doctrinal exceptions and blunted the force of disciplines that seek deep integration through regulatory coordination/coherence. These moves mean that numerous labour‐protecting measures are likely to be legal under WTO law, diminishing the potential conflict between multilateral trade law and labour law.
Ultrahigh energy storage density and charge‐discharge performance in novel sodium bismuth titanate‐based ceramics
Authors: Bian Shuaishuai , Yue Zhenxing , Shi Yunzhou , Zhang Jie , Feng Wei 
Published: September 2020

AbstractLead‐free ferroelectric ceramics are very suitable for electrostatic energy storage capacitors due to their outstanding characteristics of high charge‐discharge speed, high power density, and environmental friendliness. Herein, a novel material system as (1−x)Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3‐xCaZr0.5Ti0.5O3 (NBT‐CZT, x = 0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.12, 0.15, and 0.20) was designed and prepared for dielectric energy storage ceramics. It demonstrated that the CZT additives induced a phase transition for the NBT ceramics, from ferroelectric to relaxor ferroelectric. In particular, extremely high stored energy storage density (6.92 and 5.37 J/cm3), high recoverable energy storage density (4.77 and 4.37 J/cm3), and moderate efficiency (69.0% and 81.4%) were achieved in both the samples of x = 0.12 and x = 0.15, respectively. The ceramics exhibited excellent stability of energy storage performance covering a wide temperature (25°C–200°C) and frequency (0.5–50 Hz) range, and also fatigue cycles up to 105. Additionally, the NBT‐CZT ceramics had a fast discharge speed (t0.9 < 100 ns) and high power density (24.2 MW/cm3, E = 100 kV/cm, x = 0.15), and the charge‐discharge process remained stable even when the measured temperature was up to 160°C. Therefore, the NBT‐CZT ceramics have the potential to be utilized in electrostatic energy storage applications.
Phrenic nerve stimulation during right ventricular outflow tract pacing: A rare but possible complication
Authors: Sekihara Takayuki , Miyazaki Shinsuke , Ishida Tomokazu , Nagao Moeko , Kakehashi Shota , Mukai Moe , Aoyama Daisetsu , Nodera Minoru , Eguchi Tomoya , Hasegawa Kanae , Uzui Hiroyasu , Tada Hiroshi 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPhrenic nerve stimulation (PNS) caused by a right ventricular (RV) lead is an uncommon complication of pacemaker implantations. We demonstrated a case of left PNS caused by an RV lead placed in the RV outflow tract (RVOT). The PNS was dependent on ventricular capture. This case highlighted a risk of PNS even during RVOT pacing.
Prevalence and clinical correlates of ambulatory blood pressure phenotypes in a Saudi hypertensive population
Authors: Mahmud Azra , Alahaideb Ruba , Alshammary Haifa , Abanumay Mayar , Alfawwaz Afnan , Alhelabi Sara , Alonazy Amgad , Al‐Zaibag Muayed 
Published: September 2020

AbstractInternational Guidelines recommend ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) for the management of hypertension. ABPM phenotypes predict outcomes independent of office blood pressure (BP). The authors explored the prevalence and clinical correlates of ABPM phenotypes and relationship with office BP in Saudi patients (n = 428, mean age 53.5 ± 14.6, 55% male) referred to a Specialist Hypertension clinic in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. ABPM phenotypes included sustained normotension (27%), masked hypertension, MHT(32%), sustained hypertension, SHT(52%), and white coat hypertension(2.6%). MHT was more prevalent using asleep than 24‐hours (26.4% vs 12.9%, P < .01) or awake BP (26.4% vs 8.5%, P < .001) and observed in 85% of pre‐hypertensive patients. Isolated nocturnal hypertension was more prevalent in MHT vs SHT (70% vs 30%, P < .001). Office BP overestimated control rates compared with ABPM (48% vs 12.9%, P < .001). Our study shows that one in three Saudi patients will be managed inappropriately if office BP alone was relied upon for management of hypertension.
Curcumin alleviates oxidative stress and inhibits apoptosis in diabetic cardiomyopathy via Sirt1‐Foxo1 and PI3K‐Akt signalling pathways
Authors: Ren Bin‐cheng , Zhang Yu‐fei , Liu Shan‐shan , Cheng Xiao‐jing , Yang Xin , Cui Xiao‐guang , Zhao Xin‐rui , Zhao Hui , Hao Min‐feng , Li Meng‐dan , Tie Yuan‐yuan , Qu Li , Li Xue‐yi 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDiabetes is a disorder of glucose metabolism, and over 90% are type 2 diabetes. Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is one of the type 2 diabetes complications, usually accompanied by changes in myocardial structure and function, together with cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Our study investigated the effect of curcumin on regulating oxidative stress (OS) and apoptosis in DCM. In vivo, diabetes was induced in an experimental rat model by streptozoticin (STZ) together with high‐glucose and high‐fat (HG/HF) diet feeding. In vitro, H9c2 cardiomyocytes were cultured with high‐glucose and saturated free fatty acid palmitate. Curcumin was orally or directly administered to rats or cells, respectively. Streptozoticin ‐induced diabetic rats showed metabolism abnormalities and elevated markers of OS (superoxide dismutase [SOD], malondialdehyde [MDA], gp91phox, Cyt‐Cyto C), enhanced cell apoptosis (Bax/Bcl‐2, Cleaved caspase‐3, TUNEL‐positive cells), together with reduced Akt phosphorylation and increased Foxo1 acetylation. Curcumin attenuated the myocardial dysfunction, OS and apoptosis in the heart of diabetic rats. Curcumin treatment also enhanced phosphorylation of Akt and inhibited acetylation of Foxo1. These results strongly suggest that apoptosis was increased in the heart of diabetic rats, and curcumin played a role in diabetic cardiomyopathy treatment by modulating the Sirt1‐Foxo1 and PI3K‐Akt pathways.