bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Geometric correction for satellite image of Mosul city using 3D methods
Authors: Hussein Israa , K.Ghazal Nawal 
Published: December 2020

The important preprocessing techniques for remote sensing data and geometrical alteration is the geometric correction. In this paper ,it covers two models which are used in to three dimensions the physical model and the projective Transformation for SPOT 2 to determine the geometric correction of study region of Mosul city. The ground control points are located on SPOT 2 satellite image. These models are producing the X residual, Y residual and root mean square error (RMSE) and then comparing the effects of two models. The X residual for SPOT 2 physical model is lower than X residual for projective transformation at 0.1420, while the Y residual for physical model has higher comparing with Y residual for projective transformation at 0.1143and Total RMSE for SPOT 2 physical model is lower than Total RMSE for projective Transformation at 0.1823. The physical model is superior to Projective model, so that, it is highly recommended to be used for very precise application and not to be replaced by these non-physical models. For the physical model, it is clearly that, the altitude of the Ground Control Points (or Check Points) does not effect on its individual RMSE, when using Projective model the RMSE for high altitude was high ,where at low altitude it was low too(extreme relationship). DOI:
Study the Characteristics of the nanocomposite prepared by two steps laser ablation in liquids
Authors: Alnayli R. Sh. , Hakim Zeena 
Published: December 2020

In the present work, structural, optical, electrical and sensing properties have been studied for the (TiO2/rGO) nanocomposite prepared by the pulse laser ablation method in the liquid, where the Nd-Yag laser was used, and the two wave pulses (1064-532) and 300mJ, which were deposited on glass bases , The structural properties have been investigated by X-Ray diffraction technique analysis and morphological by atomic force microscope (AFM), The particle size of the membranes is less in the films prepared using wavelength (1064) than in the prepared films using wavelength (532). The optical properties of the nanocomposites have been determined by using the optical transmittance measurements in the spectral region from (300- 1100) nm. Electrical properties such as I-V properties were also studied. sensing properties measurements showed good Humidity sensitivity within the range (20-80) RH.
ЗНАЧЕНИЕ ГРАМПОЛОЖИТЕЛЬНЫХ КОККОВ В РАЗВИТИИ ДИСБАКТЕРИОЗА КИШЕЧНИКА
Authors: Dusmagambetova A. , Dusmagambetov M. , Zhusupov B. 
Published: December 2020

Известно, что в кишечнике здорового человека обитает более 300 видов различных микроорганизмов: бифидобактерии, лактобактерии, другие грамотрицательные палочки и грамположительные кокки. Основными представителями грамположительных кокков в нормоценозе кишечника являются различные виды стафилококков, в т.ч. Sta.aureus, и энтерококков. Кроме того, имеются «бифидус факторы» которые способствуют заселению кишечника отдельными видами микроорганизмов в определенных количествах [1, 2].
Дисбактериоз кишечника - это клиниколабораторный синдром, который возникает при ряде заболеваний и клинических ситуаций и характеризуется, в первую очередь, изменением качественного и/или количественного состава нормальной микрофлоры, транслокацией различных микроорганизмов из кишечника в несвойственные биотопы, а также симптомами поражения кишечника [3, 4, 5, 6].
Изменение качественно-количественного состава микрофлоры кишечника приводит к изменению состава внутренней среды кишки, нарушая пищеварительные процессы, что оказывает повреждающее действие на кишечную стенку. Кроме того, микрофлора при дисбиозе не способна выполнять в полном объеме физиологические функции, присущие нормальной микрофлоре, и прежде всего, противостоять колонизации кишечника экзогенными патогенными микроорганизмами [7, 8].
Нарушение нормальной микрофлоры кишечника может быть результатом воздействия различных факторов: перенесенная острая кишечная инфекция, прием антибактериальных препаратов, воспалительные заболевания пищеварительного тракта, стрессы, нерациональное питание и терапия, эндокринные нарушения, ионизирующая радиация [9, 10, 11].
Таким образом, дисбактериоз кишечника нельзя считать безобидным состоянием: он требует к себе пристального внимания.
THE MAIN FEATURES OF EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE IN THE TREATMENT AND REHABILITATION OF PATIENTS IN MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY
Authors: Тemirbolatova S. , Shogenov A. 
Published: December 2020

The paper considers the features of modern evidence-based medicine, its role and place in modern clinical practice, the role of assessing the effectiveness of drug therapy, the principles of conducting clinical trials of drugs. The results obtained will find wide application in the choice of methods of treatment and rehabilitation of patients in the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, which will contribute to the development of this branch of medicine.
Introduced modern scientific data into practice, which includes 5 key skills:

study of questions and problems, with a detailed detailed answer to them, to conclude a method of treating a patient, a conservative approach or the degree of effectiveness of surgery;
a detailed analysis of electronic literature of the corresponding type and level of evidence;
selection of research methods and assessment of evidence of their necessity;
the ability to implement the final results, and use them in the process of treating patients.
ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИЕ КОТЕЛЬНЫХ УСТАНОВОК (ПРОШЛОЕ, НАСТОЯЩЕЕ И ВОЗМОЖНОЕ БУДУЩЕЕ)
Authors: Dyakonov E. , Mikhailov V. , Usikov N. 
Published: December 2020

В работе рассмотрены основные этапы развития котельных установок и методов их проектирования, влияние общенаучных сведений по термодинамике, физике и химии на конструктивные характеристики котельных установок. Показано, что при проектировании должны учитываться свойства сжигаемого топлива, условия работы котлов. Описано развитие нормативных методов проектирования. Дана краткая характеристика современных методов проектирования с использованием специализированных программных средств и высокопроизводительных вычислительных машин.
Намечены пути дальнейшего развития методов проектирования.
Stereotactic radiosurgery with versus without prior Onyx embolization for brain arteriovenous malformations
Authors: Chen Ching-Jen , Ding Dale , Lee Cheng-Chia , Kearns Kathryn N. , Pomeraniec I. Jonathan , Cifarelli Christopher P. , Arsanious David E. , Liscak Roman , Hanuska Jaromir , Williams Brian J. , Yusuf Mehran B. , Woo Shiao Y. , Ironside Natasha , Burke Rebecca M. , Warnick Ronald E. , Trifiletti Daniel M. , Mathieu David , Mureb Monica , Benjamin Carolina , Kondziolka Douglas , Feliciano Caleb E. , Rodriguez-Mercado Rafael , Cockroft Kevin M. , Simon Scott , Mackley Heath B. , Zammar Samer G. , Patel Neel T. , Padmanaban Varun , Beatson Nathan , Saylany Anissa , Lee John Y. K. , Sheehan Jason P. , _ _ 
Published: December 2020

OBJECTIVE
Investigations of the combined effects of neoadjuvant Onyx embolization and stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) on brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) have not accounted for initial angioarchitectural features prior to neuroendovascular intervention. The aim of this retrospective, multicenter matched cohort study is to compare the outcomes of SRS with versus without upfront Onyx embolization for AVMs using de novo characteristics of the preembolized nidus.

METHODS
The International Radiosurgery Research Foundation AVM databases from 1987 to 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were categorized based on AVM treatment approach into Onyx embolization (OE) and SRS (OE+SRS) or SRS alone (SRS-only) cohorts and then propensity score matched in a 1:1 ratio. The primary outcome was AVM obliteration. Secondary outcomes were post-SRS hemorrhage, all-cause mortality, radiological and symptomatic radiation-induced changes (RICs), and cyst formation. Comparisons were analyzed using crude rates and cumulative probabilities adjusted for competing risk of death.

RESULTS
The matched OE+SRS and SRS-only cohorts each comprised 53 patients. Crude rates (37.7% vs 47.2% for the OE+SRS vs SRS-only cohorts, respectively; OR 0.679, p = 0.327) and cumulative probabilities at 3, 4, 5, and 6 years (33.7%, 44.1%, 57.5%, and 65.7% for the OE+SRS cohort vs 34.8%, 45.5%, 59.0%, and 67.1% for the SRS-only cohort, respectively; subhazard ratio 0.961, p = 0.896) of AVM obliteration were similar between the matched cohorts. The secondary outcomes of the matched cohorts were also similar. Asymptomatic and symptomatic embolization-related complication rates in the matched OE+SRS cohort were 18.9% and 9.4%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS
Pre-SRS AVM embolization with Onyx does not appear to negatively influence outcomes after SRS. These analyses, based on de novo nidal characteristics, thereby refute previous studies that found detrimental effects of Onyx embolization on SRS-induced AVM obliteration. However, given the risks incurred by nidal embolization using Onyx, this neoadjuvant intervention should be used judiciously in multimodal treatment strategies involving SRS for appropriately selected large-volume or angioarchitecturally high-risk AVMs.
High-grade gliomas in children and adolescents: is there a role for reoperation?
Authors: Silva da Costa Marcos Devanir , Camargo Nicole Cavalari , Dastoli Patricia Alessandra , Nicácio Jardel Mendonça , Benevides Silva Frederico Adolfo , Sucharski Figueiredo Maria Luisa , Chen Michael Jenwei , Cappellano Andrea Maria , Saba da Silva Nasjla , Cavalheiro Sergio 
Published: December 2020

OBJECTIVETumors of the CNS are the main causes of childhood cancer and have an incidence that exceeds that of leukemia. In addition, they are the leading causes of cancer-related death in childhood. High-grade gliomas account for 11% of such neoplasms and are characterized by aggressive clinical behavior and high morbidity and mortality. There is a lack of studies focusing on the factors that can prolong survival in these patients or guide therapeutic interventions. The authors aimed to investigate the factors related to longer survival durations, with a focus on reoperation for gross-total resection (GTR).METHODSIn this retrospective cohort study, the authors analyzed 78 patients diagnosed with high-grade gliomas occurring across all CNS locations except diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas. Patients 0 to < 19 years of age were followed up at the Pediatric Oncology Institute. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were analyzed in the context of various prognostic factors, such as age, sex, histology, extent of tumor resection, reoperation for GTR, adjuvant treatment, and treatment initiation from 2010 onward.RESULTSWith a mean age at diagnosis of 8.7 years, 50% of the patients were female and approximately 39% underwent GTR at some point, which was already achieved in approximately 46% of them in the first surgery. The median OS was 17 months, and PFS was 10 months. In terms of median OS, the authors found no significant difference between those with reoperation for GTR and patients without GTR during treatment. Significant differences were observed in the OS in terms of the extent of resection in the first surgery, age, sex, Ki-67 expression, adjuvant treatment, and treatment initiation from 2010 onward. Furthermore, the PFS values significantly differed between those with GTR in the first surgery and Ki-67 expression ≥ 50%.CONCLUSIONSThis study demonstrates the importance of GTR for these neoplasms, highlights the role of surgeons in its achievement in the first attempt, and questions the role of reoperation for this purpose. Finally, this study further supports the use of combined adjuvant treatment for the improvement of OS and PFS.
Correlative Microscopy to Localize and Characterize Iron Deposition in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Madsen Steven J. , DiGiacomo Phillip S. , Zeng Yitian , Goubran Maged , Chen Yuanxin , Rutt Brian K. , Born Donald , Vogel Hannes , Sinclair Robert , Zeineh Michael M. 
Published: December 2020

Background: Recent evidence suggests that the accumulation of iron, specifically ferrous Fe2+, may play a role in the development and progression of neurodegeneration in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) through the production of oxidative stress. Objective: To localize and characterize iron deposition and oxidation state in AD, we analyzed human hippocampal autopsy samples from four subjects with advanced AD that have been previously characterized with correlative MRI-histology. Methods: We perform scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) in the higher resolution transmission electron microscope on the surface and cross-sections of specific iron-rich regions of interest. Results: Specific previously analyzed regions were visualized using SEM and confirmed to be iron-rich deposits using EDS. Subsequent analysis using focused ion beam cross-sectioning and SEM characterized the iron deposition throughout the 3-D volumes, confirming the presence of iron throughout the deposits, and in two out of four specimens demonstrating colocalization with zinc. Analysis of traditional histology slides showed the analyzed deposits overlapped both with amyloid and tau deposition. Following higher resolution analysis of a single iron deposit using scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM), we demonstrated the potential of monochromated STEM-EELS to discern the relative oxidation state of iron within a deposit. Conclusion: These findings suggest that iron is present in the AD hippocampus and can be visualized and characterized using combined MRI and EM techniques. An altered relative oxidation state may suggest a direct link between iron and oxidative stress in AD. These methods thus could potentially measure an altered relative oxidation state that could suggest a direct link between iron and oxidative stress in AD. Furthermore, we have demonstrated the ability to analyze metal deposition alongside commonly used histological markers of AD pathology, paving the way for future insights into the molecular interactions between Aβ, tau, iron, and other putative metals, such as zinc.
A pilot study of radiomics signature based on biparametric MRI for preoperative prediction of extrathyroidal extension in papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: He Junlin , Zhang Heng , Wang Xian , Sun Zongqiong , Ge Yuxi , Wang Kang , Yu Chunjing , Deng Zhaohong , Feng Jianxin , Xu Xin , Hu Shudong 
Published: December 2020

OBJECTIVE: To investigate efficiency of radiomics signature to preoperatively predict histological features of aggressive extrathyroidal extension (ETE) in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) with biparametric magnetic resonance imaging findings. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty PTC patients with preoperative MR including T2WI and T2WI-fat-suppression (T2WI-FS) were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 35 had ETE and 25 did not. Pre-contrast T2WI and T2WI-FS images depicting the largest section of tumor were selected. Tumor regions were manually segmented using ITK-SNAP software and 107 radiomics features were computed from the segmented regions using the open Pyradiomics package. Then, a random forest model was built to do classification in which the datasets were partitioned randomly 10 times to do training and testing with ratio of 1:1. Furthermore, forward greedy feature selection based on feature importance was adopted to reduce model overfitting. Classification accuracy was estimated on the test set using area under ROC curve (AUC). RESULTS: The model using T2WI-FS image features yields much higher performance than the model using T2WI features (AUC = 0.906 vs. 0.760 using 107 features). Among the top 10 important features of T2WI and T2WI-FS, there are 5 common features. After feature selection, the models trained using top 2 features of T2WI and the top 6 features of T2WI-FS achieve AUC 0.845 and 0.928, respectively. Combining features computed from T2WI and T2WI-FS, model performance decreases slightly (AUC = 0.882 based on all features and AUC = 0.913 based on top features after feature selection). Adjusting hyper parameters of the random forest model have negligible influence on the model performance with mean AUC = 0.907 for T2WI-FS images. CONCLUSIONS: Radiomics features based on pre-contrast T2WI and T2WI-FS is helpful to predict aggressive ETE in PTC. Particularly, the model trained using the optimally selected T2WI-FS image features yields the best classification performance. The most important features relate to lesion size and the texture heterogeneity of the tumor region.
AN ANALYSIS OF STUDENT’S ERROR IN WRITING DESCRIPTIVE TEXT
Authors: Rahmawati Suryana Rika 
Published: December 2020

<p>The paper aims to find out the most typical errors and sources of error on students’ descriptive writing of the tenth grade of SMAN 3 Rangkasbitung. This study was conducted in the SMAN 3 Rangkasbitung, the 1st semester of the school year 2014-2015. The population of the research was 30 students from one class of the tenth grade of SMAN 3 Rangkasbitung and the sample was taken 30 students. The writer uses a descriptive qualitative approach and error analysis based on the aspect. As the result, the researcher found that the students made 78 errors in their descriptive writings. The errors occurred in all types of errors investigated from Azar’s give the types of errors in grammatical aspects to classified based on linguistic category taxonomies aspect. There are verb tense, omit a word, spelling, add a word, capitalization, word choice, word order, singular – plural, word form, article. The sources of error was also mostly due to interlanguage transfer. Therefore, the teachers should be more focus on teaching of verb tense then must give remedial teaching after identifying students’ error in writing also the teachers can teach students to more practices on writing.</p>
LEXICAL AND GRAMATICAL ERROR ON STUDENTS’ TRANSLATION FROM INDONESIAN TEXT TO ENGLISH TEXT
Authors: Retnowati Nanik 
Published: December 2020

Knowledge about what the learners’ know is part of teaching process, since the knowledge would be the clue for teachers in designing lesson material as well as method. Error analysis then becomes a common practice for language teachers to elicit what the learners have acquired.Translation is a kind of language skill which requires both linguistic and non linguistic knowledge.Thus studying students’ language used in their translation would be beneficial for teachers. This study is aimed at finding error on the students’ translation. This finding should give a description about the students’ obstacles in translation process.The writer took randomly ten ( 10 ) translation result of the students at English Education Program of FKIP UIKA Bogor as the sample data. Error analysis procedure is used; i.e. identifying, describing, explaining, and finding the cause of the error. The study found that students made some lexical errors such as miss spelling and inappropriate word choice. This is assumed to be caused by students’ lack of knowledge on spelling, word formation, word equivalence, and different point of view in Indonesian and English expressions. The grammatical error found are the use of affixes, verb, word order, and auxiliaries. The practice of omitting and adding was also found. Some shows the students’ effort to avoid the word due to their difficulties in putting the correct word in the construction. Others show that they are trying to use translation strategy, i.e.modulation to anticipate the difficulties in having literal translation. All findings should give an illustration that students need to be equipped more with the knowledge about how both source and target language operate to express meaning.
Results of Structural Analysis of WWER-1000/320 Containment Behavior under Severe Accidents
Authors: Liashenko L. , Panchenko A. , Shugailo O. , Koliada M. 
Published: December 2020

The paper presents the review and evaluation of the containment prestressing system within reinforced concrete structures under seismic loads and severe accidents. Given the complex design of the containment, the detailed finite element model has been developed and used to describe real containment behavior. Containment stress and strain state was calculated by modern LIRA software. The first stage analyzed the results of WWER-1000/320 containment stress and strain state calculation under a combination of loads caused by maximum design basis accident (MDBA) and safe shutdown earthquake (SSE) and defined minimum acceptable tension of tendons. The research determines the minimum acceptable tension of tendons in the containment prestressing system, and evaluates the strength and reliability of containment structures under a combination of loads in normal operation + design-basis accident + maximum design earthquake (NO + DBA + MDE). The verification calculations have been performed using tendon tension of 780 ton-force in the cylindrical part of the containment and 760 ton-force in the containment dome.
The second stage covered the analysis of severe accident parameters (pressure and temperature) and the results of calculation. Stress and strain state in ZNPP-1 containment has been calculated, parameters (pressure and temperature) under which the containment can loss its protective and isolation functions have been identified, calculation results have been analysed and conclusions of containment structural integrity and ensuring the implementation of the design confining functions have been made. Based on the calculation results, it can be concluded that strength of the containment cylindrical part during a beyond design-basis accident cannot be ensured under parameters t (temperature) = 120°С, p (pressure) = 0.6 MPa.
Improvement of Reliability and Ecological Safety of NPP Reactor Coolant Pump Seals
Authors: Shevchenko S. , Shevchenko O. 
Published: December 2020

The paper presents the analysis of existing designs of NPP reactor coolant pumps (RCP) rotor sealing systems. The most common design solutions of sealing units that provide the necessary tightness, reliability and service life under high pressure, temperature and sliding speeds typical for RCP, as well as trends for their improvement to increase tightness and environmental safety of activities were identified.
Designs of impulse seals with a self-adjusting clearance are presented as the most promising assemblies for sealing pump shafts with high parameters. A computer model of impulse mechanical seal as an automatic control system is proposed. A framework for calculating impulse mechanical seals has been developed, allowing the choice of their main geometric parameters to ensure the optimal value of the mechanical clearance and the friction moment on the sealing contact surfaces. Expressions are obtained for constructing the static and flow characteristics of a impulse mechanical seal, the condition for its dynamic stability is determined. The paper presents the shaft sealing system of RCP, main nodes of which are several stages of impulse mechanical seals with a self-regulating clearance.