bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
« Les plus belles sont vicieuses » : erreur et fausseté dans La Manière de bien penser dans les ouvrages d’esprit du Père Bouhours (1687)
Authors: Longuet Raphaëlle 
Published: October 2020

Dans un entretien didactique visant à former le goût du lecteur à travers un florilège critique des erreurs du discours, le Père Bouhours affirme que la vérité doit constituer la qualité première de la pensée : elle devient ainsi paradoxalement le souci principal de tout jugement de goût, et conduit l’auteur à bannir du discours toutes les figures qui, loin de le perfectionner, le dénaturent.
Abortion in the world: statistical update (for thirty countries) with particular attention for United States of America
Authors: Spaziante Ermenegildo 
Published: October 2020

The problem of procured abortion is still very actual. The Author has continued to outline the planetary dimensions, and now refers to a statistical study of the incidence of the abortion phenomenon in the United States of America. The placing of the U.S.A in the classification of the incidence of induced abortion within thirty countries of the world is identified, in relation to the natal rate and the consistency of the population. The comparison of the statistical data of the last twenty years among the United States, United Kingdom, Canada and Italy is presented.
A specific examination is made for the 50 States of the USA from a statistical point of view, and as a comparative analysis of some socio-economic factors. A significant framework emerges of the analogies and differences between the various States of the USA Federation.
The Author presents some ethical and social considerations, wishing for a programmed intervention that is co-ordinated and efficient to contain this “sore of the social body”, as well as the perspective that the USA, which has suffered historically from the serious problem of slavery, should spread the ideal of freedom and human dignity in the world. It is also hoped that there can be a similar movement towards a higher respect, and greater and more systematic help for the new life, as a subject for the recognition as a conceived human being with the natural right to the protection of its life, for progress in the civil and humanitarian conscience.
Pedofilia e altre forme di abuso sessuale di minori
Authors: Ciccone Lino 
Published: October 2020

L’Autore, rilevata la presenza di numerose zone d’ombra e incertezze, esistente in tema di pedofilia, dedica una prima parte a porre una base conoscitiva attenta del fenomeno nei suoi vari aspetti, compresa l’attenzione ad esso data nella società civile e nella Chiesa.
Affronta quindi la relativa problematica etica, secondo la collaudata distinzione tra moralità oggettiva e responsabilità soggettiva.
Scende quindi sul terreno operativo, fornendo anche indicazioni pratiche. Infine dedica una Nota al delicato problema dell’attribuita diffusione della pedofilia nel clero cattolico in alcuni Paesi.
La bioetica che interroga la letteratura nel <em>locus</em> antropologico: l’ermeneutica di una voce letteraria sul tema della tecnocrazia
Authors: Mele V. , Giardina S. 
Published: October 2020

L’oggetto materiale del lavoro è stato quello di delineare i fondamenti epistemologici della tecnica, di inquadrarli nel periodo immediatamente antecedente alla nascita della bioetica come disciplina sensu stricto e, infine, di far emergere le conseguenze che la tecnologia ha avuto sul vissuto antropologico e sull’umano nell’epoca contemporanea. L’avvento della tecnologia si impone come una delle radici storiche della bioetica. Infatti, le nuove possibilità tecnologiche offerte dalla scienza pongono nuovi quesiti che necessitano d’urgenza una risposta etica. Tali possibilità non minacciano soltanto la salute, la vita dell’uomo e la sopravvivenza dell’intero pianeta, ma possono arrivare a “sconvolgere” l’identità stessa dell’uomo, la sua struttura antropologica. A questo punto la tecnologia da mezzo diventa fine, e la tecnologia si trasforma in tecnocrazia.
Partendo dalla concezione che la letteratura è uno strumento di conoscenza che si avvale di strumenti diversi, ma non per questo meno validi, di quelli della scienza, gli autori hanno utilizzato come strumento di indagine per delineare il rapporto uomo-tecnologia alcuni testi dello scrittore Paolo Volponi in cui è evidente la presa di coscienza e la denuncia da parte dello scrittore del riduzionismo antropologico operato dal mondo tecnologico. In altre parole, la letteratura viene assunta quale oggetto formale per delineare l’avvento della tecnocrazia sull’uomo.
Scopo del lavoro è inoltre far emergere l’importanza e l’effettiva realizzazione di un dialogo tra discipline diverse: il discorso sulla portata etica della tecnologia si muove oscillando dal terreno più squisitamente etico della bioetica a quello umanistico-antropologico definito dalla letteratura, e viceversa.
La bioetica e l’educazione al Vangelo della Vita
Authors: Grocholewski Zenon 
Published: October 2020

L’articolo è incentrato sul tema dell’educazione in bioetica. Esso si divide in tre parti, ciascuna delle quali è affrontata partendo dalla considerazione che oggi riveste un’importanza notevole sviluppare un’autentica educazione al rispetto ed alla promozione della vita, nei luoghi in cui tale processo educativo avviene: nella famiglia, nella scuola e nelle altre istituzioni educative di diverso grado.
Nella prima parte del contributo, l’Autore si sofferma sull’orizzonte culturale ed educativo del nostro tempo per quanto riguarda la bioetica, disciplina che ormai ha lasciato la torre eburnea in cui era inizialmente confinata per aprirsi al più vasto pubblico, agenzie educative comprese.
Nella seconda parte dell’articolo viene affrontato il tema del fondamento antropologico dell’educazione, che per la Chiesa è costituito dalla persona e dal suo valore unico. Dopo uno sguardo alla necessità che l’educazione dell’uomo sia integrale, ossia che tenga presente tutto l’uomo, nella sua globalità, l’Autore conclude con alcune osservazioni per contestualizzare la bioetica nel processo educativo.
Giovanni Paolo II più volte ha invitato coloro che svolgono nella società un ruolo educativo a “combattere” per una cultura della vita. La scuola, in tal senso, dovrebbe diventare campo di battaglia privilegiato, tenendo presenti alcuni presupposti fondamentali come l’individuazione delle implicazioni etico-morali che scaturiscono dai progressi delle scienze riguardo alla vita dell’uomo e delle altre specie, come pure dall’uso delle biotecnologie; l’impostazione delle modalità didattiche di approccio al problema, tenendo conto della interdisciplinarità dei problemi di bioetica; la formazione iniziale e permanente dei docenti.
La natura biologica dell’embrione
Authors: Vescovi A.L. , Spinardi L. 
Published: October 2020

Il dibattito sulla fecondazione assistita, l’esistenza di un numero imprecisato di embrioni umani congelati e la scoperta che è possibile clonare esseri viventi di varie specie, primati ed uomo inclusi, solleva un numero enorme di questioni, non solo di natura biologica, ma anche etiche e, non ultime, legislative.
L’aspro dibattito che si è acceso attorno a questi argomenti, sconfina spesso in scontri esasperati, non solo su giornali, televisione ed altri mezzi di comunicazione, ma anche in sede istituzionale e perfino in ambito accademico. Un elemento comune a tutti questi scontri è riscontrabile nella frequente carenza di criteri logici e scientifici a supporto delle tesi proposte da alcuni dei contendenti. Il dibatto si sviluppa quindi attraverso arroccamenti più o meno definitivi, basati su posizioni dogmatiche, spesso di natura strettamente ideologica o persino politica.
Questo breve articolo intende quindi fornire una disamina, il più possibile oggettiva e scientifica, della natura, fisiologia ed identità dell’elemento fondamentale che si trova alla base di tutte le discussioni sulla fecondazione assistita, clonazione ed uso di cellule staminali embrionali, vale a dire l’embrione umano. Senza volere essere in alcun modo esaustivo, il presente articolo si prefigge di illustrare chiaramente le varie fasi dello sviluppo di una vita umana, fin dai sui stadi iniziali – la fusione tra gameti (fecondazione) – ed attraverso la crescita dell’embrione a dare origine ad un individuo maturo.
È nostra speranza che questo documento fornisca spunti di riflessione e materiale di approfondimento sia agli addetti ai lavori che a coloro, per amor di scienza, cultura o aspirazione alla crescita interiore, si interessano di questo argomento di vitale importanza per l’umanità intera.
Immunohistochemical profile and distribution of Non-Hodgkin and Hodgkin lymphoma - An experience in a medical college hospital in Tamil Nadu
Authors: Shanmugasundaram Sakthisankari , Balan Krishnagiri , Arumugam Dhanalakshmi 
Published: October 2020

AbstractContext: The subtype distribution of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) shows distinct pattern across geographic regions. This study analyzes the subtype distribution of lymphomas based on the WHO 2017 Classification using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and also investigates the IHC profile of various lymphomas. Subjects and Methods: Fifty consecutive cases of lymphoma diagnosed in the department of pathology in a medical college hospital were included in the study. The cases were subcategorized using panels of IHC based on the light microscopic findings. Results: The ratio of NHL to HL was 4.5:1. B-NHL formed 78.5% (n = 32), while T-cell NHL formed 21.5% (n = 9). Among the B-NHL cases, small lymphocytic lymphoma/chronic lymphocytic leukemia (SLL/CLL) (34.4%) was the most common, followed by diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, NOS (DLBCL NOS) (31.2%), follicular lymphoma (FL) (25%), and then by Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) constituting 9.4%. Peripheral T-cell lymphoma, NOS (PTCL NOS) (14.1%) (n = 6) was the most common T-cell NHL, followed by angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (4.8%), and then by lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LL) (2.4%). Among Hodgkin lymphomas, mixed cellularity (MC) accounted for 55.6% (n = 5), lymphocyte depleted type (LD) being 22.2%, while nodular lymphocyte predominant and lymphocyte rich type each constituted 11.1%. Conclusion: SLL/CLL was the most common lymphoma reported in the study followed by DLBCL which is different from the other Indian studies where DLBCL was most common. CD5 expression was noted in 21% of FLs. PTCL-NOS constituted the most common T-cell lymphoma and MC, the most frequent subtype of classical HL. Further replication studies including larger sample size will be needed to understand the difference in subtype distribution in our population.
Levels of selenium in selected river, well and bottled waters in Ethiopia by microwave plasma-atomic emission spectrometry
Authors: Minuye A. , Zewge F. , S. Chandravanshi B. 
Published: October 2020

Selenium is an essential trace element for many organisms, including humans, but it is toxic at higher level than homeostatic levels. Both selenium deficiency and toxicity are problems around the world (specially in China, India, USA). The level of selenium in selected waters of Ethiopia (including Akaki Kality river and some of its tributaries such as Kebena, Saris Abo, and Estifanos areas; bottled waters like Yes, Aqua Safe and Gift; well waters like Ziqualla Wogem, Akaki Kality and Ferensay Legasion; and tap water at Arat Kilo) were determined by microwave plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy after wet digestion and acidification. The levels selenium determined (µg/L) were 7.0, 3.1, 6.4, 3.9, 6.3, 5.0, 5.4, 0.66, 4.2, 6.3, and 2.0, respectively. The percentage recovery of Se was found to be 95.2% which is in the acceptable range. The ANOVA result showed that there is a significant difference between the mean levels of selenium in the river, well and bottles waters. The results obtained in this study were compared with the permissible limit (10 µg/L) set by Ethiopian Standards Agency and the tolerable level set by WHO (< 40 µg/L). Thus the levels of selenium detected in this study are within the recommended limit.

KEY WORDS: Selenium, Trace metal, Water samples, Microwave plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy, Ethiopia

Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2020, 34(2), 215-226.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v34i2.1
Synthesis of CuO-NPS by simple wet chemical method using various dicarboxylic acid salts as precursors: Spectral characterization and in-vitro biological evaluation
Authors: Rehman H. , Ali Z. , Qadir A. , H. Farooq M. , Shuaib A. , Zahra A. , Shahzady T. , Hussain H. 
Published: October 2020

In this study, a simple chemical reduction method was employed to synthesize CuO-NPs. Various dicarboxylic acids were converted into Cu(II) salt of dicarboxylic acid which were used as precursors. NPs were produced by reducing precursors with NaBH4. Characteristics of synthesized NPs were investigated by using important analytical techniques including Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Developed NPs were investigated for their antibacterial activity against a range of bacterial strains by employing agar well diffusion method. CuO-NPs exhibited good to moderate activity against E-Coli, B. Subtilis and poor activity against K. pneumonia and Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). It was found that amongst all experienced compounds sample 2 showed good activity with minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) 10 µg/mL (zone of inhibition: 22± 0.12 mm) while sample 3 showed poor activity with MIC 40 µg/mL (zone of inhibition: 8.0 ± 0.18 mm).

KEY WORDS: CuO-NPs, Dicarboxylic acids, Sodium borohydride, Antibacterial study

Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2020, 34(2), 323-334
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v34i2.10
Individualised cognitive behaviour therapy in patients of substance use disorders: three case studies
Authors: Mafia Shahzadi  , Qasir Abbas  
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The current study aims to investigate the effectiveness of Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) in the treatment of patients with substance use disorders. Three diagnosed patients with substance use disorders were recruited —i.e. 305.20 (F12.10) cannabis used disorder, 291.81 (FI0.239) alcohol withdrawal disorder and 292.0 (F11.23) opioid withdrawal disorder, respectively. The patients were detoxified and individual treatment plan was formulated on the basis of CBT. The CBT therapeutic outcomes were evaluated on the basis of pre- and post-assessment scores. Results indicate that CBT worked effectively in one-on-one session. CBT effectively worked to manage patients’ anger, craving, stress, sleep hygiene and assertive behaviour. It is concluded that CBT is an effective approach to deal with patients’ anger, stress, craving, sleep and assertive behaviour.
Keywords: Cognitive Behavioural Therapy; Canabis Used Disorder; Alcohol Withdrwal Disorder; Opioid Withdrawal Disorder. Continuous....
Assessment of knowledge, attitude and practice of Pakistani population about the risk factors, causes, complications and management of diabetes mellitus
Authors: Muhammad Sajid Hamid Akash  , Kanwal Rehman  , Komal Jabeen  , Fareeha Fiayyaz  , Shakila Sabir  , Muhammad Ejaz ul Haq  
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Objective: To compare the knowledge, attitude and practice regarding diabetes mellitus among diabetics and non-diabetics.
Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted at the Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan, from December 2017 to April 2018, and comprised subjects recruited randomly from different cities of Punjab, Pakistan. Data was collected using a predesigned structured questionnaire regarding socio-demographic characteristics, general knowledge about diabetes, perception regarding indication, risk factors, diagnosis, and complications, and practices followed for treatment and management of diabetes.
Results: Of the 2,000 subjects, 972(48.6%) had family history of diabetes, 1338(66.9%) were living in urban areas, 1068(53.4%) were university graduates, 804(40.2%) were employed and 1152(57.6%) belonged to socio-economically balanced families. Composite knowledge score was significantly associated with age and socio-economic status (p<0.05). A highly significant association was observed regarding family history (p<0.001), level of education (p<0.0001) and occupation (p<0.001) with composite knowledge score.
Conclusion: The knowledge level about diabetes was seen to be average.
Key Words: Complications of diabetes mellitus, Diabetes knowledge, Management of diabetes mellitus, Pakistani population, Questionnaire. Continuous...
Psychosocial issues of hearing impaired school children: a psychometric approach
Authors: Qurat-Ul-Ain  , Sadia Saleem  , Anila Sarwar  , Zahid Mahmood  
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Objective: To develop a valid and reliable scale for measuring psychosocial issues of hearing-impaired school children.
Method: The cross-sectional study with four stage model of scale development was conducted at Multan, Muzafargarh, and Dera Ghazi Khan Pakistan from August 2018 to January 2019. The four stages were item generation, expert validation, conversion of scale into sign language and psychometric study. The sample comprised hearing-impaired school children aged 18-23 years who were studying Special Education schools in Multan, Pakistan.
Results: Of the 230 subjects, there were 110(47.8%) boys and 120(52.2%) girls. The overall mean age was 19.90+/-2.46 years.Exploratory factor analysis with varimax rotation revealed 26 items in ‘Depressive Affect’, ‘Social Isolation’ and ‘Feeling of Anger’ sub-scales with high internal consistency (r=0.85) and validity (r=-0.32).
Conclusion: The internalised nature of psychosocial issues of children with hearing impairment needs timely identification and intervention so that silent suffering can be prevented to improve psychosocial functioning of such children.
Key Words: Hearing impairment, Psychosocial issues, Gender, Age, Reliability, Validity. Continuous...
Agroecologia: estratégia de luta para fortalecimento e resistência da Juventude Camponesa
Authors: Souza Conceição Santos Lílian , Pereira Mubarack Garcia Rosineide 
Published: October 2020

A Agroecologia é uma categoria teórica fundante para se pensar o campo brasileiro a partir do projeto de campo da classe trabalhadora. Enquanto o capitalismo agrário impõe uma relação devastadora sobre o campo, a Agroecologia constrói uma nova forma de fazer agricultura, que tem como centralidade a vida, fundamentada na agricultura camponesa, na socialização da propriedade da terra, na diversidade cultural, na preservação dos recursos naturais que servem de base à reprodução econômica e social dos camponeses, na produção de alimentos saudáveis, em sistemas de produção diversificados, na valorização do saber popular e articulação deste com o conhecimento científico, no estabelecimento de novas relações no campo que sejam socialmente justas, economicamente viável e culturalmente autêntica. Diante dos dois projetos que se apresentam em disputa no campo brasileiro, Agroecologia e Agronegócio, é imprescindível a formação dos jovens camponeses nessa importante categoria teórica, a Agroecologia. Este segmento que tem se mostrado cada vez mais importante na continuidade da luta dos trabalhadores do campo e na permanência do território camponês. Sendo assim, é preciso avançar na aproximação entre as escolas do campo e a Agroecologia diante da potencialidade e importância política, social, cultural e econômica deste tema. Neste contexto, este artigo tem como objetivo colocar em evidência a necessidade e a importância da formação da Juventude Camponesa em Agroecologia, um projeto da classe trabalhadora, que se constitui em um importante alicerce para a construção da agricultura camponesa capaz de confrontar o agronegócio, que tem gerado a destruição do território camponês.
Palavras-chave: Agroecologia; Educação do Campo; Juventude e Trabalho.
PROBLEMATIKA SISTEM EKONOMI ISLAM DI INDONESIA
Authors: Azmi Naelul 
Published: October 2020

Islam provided a very wide space for the development of the economy. One of the basic principles in Islamic economics is the bermuamalah sistem . Namely that all the legal changes, unless there is an argument that forbids it, become the main driver of economic innovation that accelerates the growth of Islamic economics. However, many problems occur in the economic sistem in Indonesia, including the sistem of socialization, marketing, human resources that are less competent, Products produced from Islamic economics, Sharia Banks Turns Not Yet Sharia and the lack of attention of the Indonesian government in responding to the concept of Islamic Economics in Indonesia. This paper aims to find several solutions in socio-economic problems. It focuses on the concept of Islamic economics. The purpose of this study is to determine what obstacles are faced in the implementation of the Islamic economic sistem in Indonesia, how problems that arise and can be overcome so that they can be significantly solved. The method used in this research is library research with descriptive-analytic approach. With the results of the study show
that the solutions in dealing with Islamic economic problems in Indonesia include Correlation of Educational Institutions in the Development of Sharia Banking, Attention from the Government, Show the Real Role of Sharia Economy, Implementation of Dinar and Dirham Currency, Office Network, Implementation of Firm and Sistematic Regulation, Improving the Quality of Human Resources that are Less Competent and Professional, Training / Education / Socialization to Employees and the Community, Innovative Marketing, Product Innovation, Reorientation to the Real Sector and Improving Services and Professionalism.
APLIKASI AKAD MURABAHAH PADA PRODUK KONSUMTIF DI BAITUL MAL WAT TAMWIL (BMT) AL-AMANAH CIAWI TASIKMALAYA
Authors: Hadi Wijaya Denden S , Nopendi Us Us Surya , Faisal Faisal 
Published: October 2020

Sales-based Akad Murabahah is expected to be a system solution for the results that tend to be high risk. The issue arises more on disbursement of financing which leads to the authority to purchase goods buying and selling objects. The purpose of this research is to analyze the activities of the financial services developed and analyze the application of Akad Murabahah in BMT Al-Amanah Ciawi Tasikmalaya This research uses qualitative descriptive methods with the type of field research with inductive logic. Data collection is done by observation methods, interview methods, and documentation methods. The results of the research found that the financial services in BMT Al-Amanah Ciawi Tasikmalaya are: financial services and financial services financing. In the financing of consumptive products which in this case use the product of Ba'i al-Musawwamah which is an application of Akad Murabahah, there are some provisions regarding the desired product or needed. Because in general, all goods that are desired or required by the member can be facilitated financing by BMT Al-Amanah Ciawi Tasikmalaya. BMT Al-Amanah Ciawi Tasikmalaya implements the concept of trading contract (Murabahah) into 2 financing products namely Murabahah product which is a product of goods financing of business or productive and into the product of Ba'i Al-Musawwamah which is a financing product for consumptive goods