bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pleural effusion as a sample matrix for laboratory analyses in cancer management: a perspective
Authors: Spisarová Martina , Študentová Hana , Holá Kateřina , Melichar Bohuslav 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Malignant effusions, pleural effusion or ascites, represent a common problem in cancer patients. Pleural effusion in a cancer patient may be caused also by non-neoplastic conditions, and the diagnosis of malignant pleural effusion is established by the demonstration of tumor cells in pleural fluid. Microscopical detection of tumor cells in pleural fluid often fails, and there is an unmet medical need for more sensitive methods. New approaches, including isolation using magnetic beads coated with monoclonal antibodies targeting antigens expressed on tumor cells not only increase the diagnostic sensitivity, but also provide material for the analysis of predictive biomarkers. The advent of new technologies illustrates the incremental role of laboratory medicine in the management of patients with malignant effusions.
EMI and CLIL in Kazakhstani Higher Education: Current Policies and Future Possibilities
Authors: Goodman Bridget , Assylbekova Aliya , Yembergenova Almira 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Since joining the Bologna Process in 2010, the Kazakhstani government has increasingly encouraged universities to develop full or partial (i.e., trilingual) English-Medium Instruction (EMI) programs. In other contexts, Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) has simultaneously been advocated as an approach to teaching English and additional languages in higher education and treated as a separate entity from EMI (Macaro, 2018). Whether CLIL is advocated in policy or practice in Kazakhstani EMI contexts remains an empirical question. The purpose of this paper is to provide a systematic overview of national policy documents and select institutional curriculum documents. The analysis will consider not only concrete policies and pedagogies but also ideological and implementational spaces (Hornberger, 2020) for CLIL pedagogy development. The paper concludes with recommendations for what may be possible and beneficial for the implementation of CLIL pedagogies in Kazakhstani higher education.
Curators and Mediators of Language, Content, Pedagogy, and Technology: Teachers’ Expanding Roles in Fully-Online CLIL Contexts
Authors: Novitskaya Yuliya , Gordon Rebekah R. , Hartman Douglas K. , Green-Eneix Curtis 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
As world events have morphed teachers’ roles within English medium of instruction (EMI) contexts to incorporate more online teaching practices, teachers’ integration of digital tools has faced technological and curricular challenges. While previous research has examined the integration of digital tools in face-to-face and hybrid EMI settings (e. g., Finardi, 2015; O’Dowd, 2018), more research is needed to understand the familiarization process teachers engage in as they implement fully-online teaching to support their content and language integrated learning (CLIL) teaching. As part of a larger project, this case study sets out to fill this gap by examining the practices and perspectives of 30 Kazakhstani university teachers who adopted CLIL approaches while needing to adapt to fully-online teaching contexts. Using the concept of technological pedagogical content knowledge (Mishra & Koehler, 2006) in tandem with Ball et al.’s (2016) seven CLIL principles as a framework, this study thematically analyzed workshop artifacts, survey responses, semi-structured interview transcripts, and videos from online class lessons to find that teachers were mediators and curators of content, language, pedagogy, and digital tools. The findings offer pedagogical insights for the implementation of professional development (PD) to prepare teachers to meaningfully curate and mediate technology into their CLIL pedagogy to teach content within EMI contexts.
Professional Vulnerability in Adopting a CLIL Pedagogy at a Neoliberal Restructured University in Kazakhstan
Authors: Green-Eneix Curtis , De Costa Peter I. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The adoption of content and language integrated learning (CLIL) practices has expanded in recent years as higher education institutions adopt a top-down English medium of instruction (EMI) language policy in the hope of entering the international knowledge market (De Costa et al., 2022; Isidro & Lasagabaster, 2019). However, research focusing on the effects of EMI policy on content teachers needing to implement CLIL, especially within trilingual contexts such as Kazakhstan, has been marginal despite drastic alterations to teachers’ professional context and expectations (Karabassova, 2022b). Such changes may result in teachers’ feelings of professional vulnerability—an emotion that often arises when changes in professional expectations and professional context disrupt one’s professional identity and pedagogical practices (Kelchtermans, 2009). Our case study focuses on the professional vulnerability experienced by a Kazakhstani in-service teacher as she negotiated a CLIL pedagogy for the first time. Relying on semi-structured interviews, recorded classroom observation, field notes, and developed material, our findings highlight how macro (e.g., societal) and meso (e.g., institutional) language policies can affect teachers’ lived experiences and pedagogical practices within their classrooms. Lastly, we provide ways in which administrators can assist teachers in overcoming professional vulnerability as institutions adopt language policies such as CLIL.
Workplace English Language Needs for Medical Students in China Learning and Using English as Non-Native Speakers
Authors: Liang Haiying , Reiss Michael , Isaacs Talia 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This mixed-methods study presents a needs analysis to investigate the workplace English language needs of medical students in China who are learning and using English as non-native speakers, the circumstances in which the various language skills are required, and stakeholders’ perceived workplace preparedness in the light of language-related instructional provision during medical training. A leading university in China was chosen as the study case. Altogether, 294 online questionnaires were collected from undergraduate medical students, graduate medical students and recent graduates working as physicians, and 33 semi-structured individual interviews were conducted with undergraduate medical students, graduate medical students, recent graduates working as physicians, medical teachers, English for Medical Purposes (EMP) teachers, program leaders and English-speaking patients. Results showed that in addition to physicians experiencing pressure to publish scientific articles internationally, participants attached greater importance to physicians’ oral English communication ability, especially in undertaking clinical consultations in English, working with medical interpreters or acting as ad hoc interpreters. The participants also reported a lack of relevant EMP courses or trainings available at this university. Given these communicative events that physicians face in China, EMP courses need to include training in these specific areas.
Impact of osteopathic tests on heart rate and heart rate variability: an observational study on osteopathic students
Authors: Gillet Flora , Gault Mathilde , Dussault Vincent , Cheggour Saïda , Grinand Marilyne , Martinez Pierrick 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Context
Osteopathic listening tests are diagnostic tools utilized in manual therapies, but their impact on physiological markers of the autonomic nervous system (ANS), such as heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV), remains unclear. This study examines these effects to clarify the role of listening tests within osteopathic practice.

Objectives
This study aims to evaluate the influence of osteopathic listening tests on HR and HRV markers, including the root mean square of successive differences (rMSSD) and the low-frequency/high-frequency (LF/HF) ratio, in healthy participants, and to contextualize the findings within existing osteopathic research on ANS modulation.

Methods
51 osteopathic students were randomized into three groups: (1) an osteopathic test group (OTG) receiving listening tests; (2) a light pressure group (LPG) experiencing non-therapeutic light pressure; and (3) a control group (CG) receiving no intervention. Measurements of HR, rMSSD, and LF/HF ratio were collected during the first and last 30 s of the protocol utilizing validated software. Data from 48 participants were analyzed after excluding artifacts.

Results
No significant changes in HR, rMSSD, or LF/HF ratio were observed in any group during the protocol. For OTG, the HR changed minimally (69.17 ± 9.58 beats per minute [bpm] to 69.10 ± 10.24 bpm; p=0.884), while the rMSSD and LF/HF ratio also showed no significant alterations (p=0.064 and p=0.106, respectively). Similar null findings were observed in the LPG and CG, suggesting that neither osteopathic tests nor light pressure induced measurable effects on the ANS markers chosen.

Conclusions
This study found no evidence that osteopathic listening tests influence HR or HRV markers in healthy participants. Although listening tests serve as diagnostic tools for identifying somatic dysfunctions, they do not appear to exert therapeutic effects on ANS regulation. These findings contrast with previous studies on osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT), which have demonstrated significant modulation of ANS activity. Future studies should investigate the differential effects of diagnostic tests and therapeutic techniques to better define the scope of the osteopathic interventions.
Core muscle strength and stability-oriented breathing training reduces inter-recti distance in postpartum women
Authors: Chen Chao , Zhang Huai-ming , Shen Lei , He Hua-ping , Ma Zhen-yu , Zhu Yu-qin , Geng Zhao-hui , Qin Yan-xia 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objective
The aim of this study was to examine the impact of stability-focused core muscle strength training coupled with respiratory techniques on diminishing the inter-recti distance (IRD) among postpartum women.

Methods
A total of 106 women diagnosed with diastasis recti abdominis within 42 days following delivery were 1:1 randomly allocated into a control group (n = 53) and an intervention group (n = 53). Both groups underwent standard postpartum follow-up care and independently pursued self-directed rehabilitation exercises. Additionally, the intervention group commenced a 6-week program of core muscle strength stability-oriented breathing training 42 days postpartum. Measurements of IRD were taken both pre- and post-intervention.

Results
Prior to the intervention, no statistically significant difference in IRD was observed between the two groups (P > 0.05). Subsequent to the intervention, notable reductions in IRD measurements were evident above, at the level of, and below the umbilicus in both groups compared to baseline measurements (intervention group: P < 0.001 at all measured points; control group: P = 0.035 above the umbilicus, P < 0.001 at the level of, and below the umbilicus). However, the intervention group exhibited a more pronounced decrease in IRD at all measured points when compared to the control group, demonstrating statistical significance with P = 0.000.

Conclusion
Core muscle strength stability-oriented breathing training demonstrates efficacy in reducing IRD among postpartum women.
The global elliptic law, sand clock density and V-law. 40 years of the G-elliptic law
Authors: Girko Vyacheslav L. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We prove the Global Elliptic Law for random matrices

Ξ
n

=

{

ξ

i
⁢
j

(
n
)

}

{\Xi_{n}=\{\xi_{ij}^{(n)}\}}

of the general form, i.e.
their diagonal entries

ξ

i
⁢
i

(
n
)

{\xi_{ii}^{(n)}}

have nonzero expectations
and the pairs of the entries

(

ξ

i
⁢
j

(
n
)

,

ξ

j
⁢
i

(
n
)

)

{(\xi_{ij}^{(n)},\xi_{ji}^{(n)})}

,

i
≠
j

{i\neq j}

have
nonzero covariances. In this case the global elliptic law means
that the support of the accompanying spectral density of eigenvalues
of matrix

Ξ
n

{\Xi_{n}}

looks like the picture of several galaxies made
by telescope. The proof of the Global Elliptic Law based on generalized Lindeberg’s condition, Victoria transform, respect method and new limit theorems.
Life Journeys, Personal Experiences and Stories. Possibilities for Research on Community Resilience
Authors: Mészáros Csaba 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe concept of resilience has been crucial in anthropological community studies over the past two decades. While it is a useful analytical tool, it also has its limitations—many studies on resilience focus on a superorganic entity, the society. By immersing in soft, qualitative data and fieldwork experience, presenting individual life paths and decision-making, anthropologists can gain a better local perspective of what resilience is about. The presentation and transmission of individual choices and intersubjective lifeworlds offer valuable insights into areas that systematic research on resilience often overlooks. In this paper, I argue that it is worthwhile to shift the focus from systemic research to emphasizing individual choices, voices, and life stories in anthropological research on resilience. This shift may gradually imbue the concept of resilience with local concepts and practices. The presentation and communication of individual choices and personal experiences shed light on those areas where systematic research on resilience seems to fall short, marking the beginning of the most exciting part of anthropological research.
Resilience and Ritual: Marriage and Divorce during the Pandemic
Authors: Balatonyi Judit 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAccording to demographic reports, while the marriage rate fell significantly during the pandemic worldwide, this was not the case in Hungary: despite the adverse circumstances, the number of marriages in fact increased, although, at the same time, the number of divorces also rose. What was the reason behind this? Is there perhaps a correlation between the two phenomena? Marriage “fever” during the pandemic, and the rise in the number of divorces, were a direct and indirect consequence of the pandemic and of the recently introduced family loans. The popularity of marriage and, at the same time, the rising divorce rate, and the related social criticism and crisis discourse in particular, triggered reflection on the part of those planning to get married. Engaged couples and newlyweds, contemplating their own marriages, began to formulate and circulate a variety of responses and opinions, albeit with common patterns, about their reasons for marrying and what divorce means to them. Through reinterpretation and innovation, they took concrete steps towards realization and ritualization. Among the main leitmotifs in attempts to reinterpret the meaning of marriage were the duration of marriage, the issue of divorce, and the ideals of individualism and conservatism. In the present paper, I describe marriage and divorce — or rather end-of-relationship — rituals during the pandemic based on the findings of the digital anthropological research (online questionnaires, digital ethnography, and in-depth interviews) that I conducted between 2019 and 2022. My main question concerned the extent to which the practices of reinterpretation and ritualization, observed at both community and individual level, can be seen as instances of community resilience.
Conceptual Design for Synthesis of Benzaldehyde from Natural Cinnamomum Cassia Oil: Experiments and Simulation
Authors: Nguyen Trung Dung , Phan Ngoc Quang , Nguyen Vân-Anh , Ta Hong Duc , Meyer Xuan-Mi , Blanco Jean Francois , Cognet Patrick , Meyer Michel , Cao Hong Ha 
Published: February 2025

The results on the synthesis of natural benzaldehyde from trans-cinnamaldehyde in natural cinnamon essential oil are presented in this study. The synthetic experiments were carried out to get the primary input parameters for design and simulation, including reaction and extraction steps. The conversion of trans-cinnamaldehyde to benzaldehyde were achieved the highest conversion rate of 33.5 %, and the initial quantity of ethyl acetate solvent was 3825 kg/h used the Aspen Plus® software. The optimal stage of extraction was six, and the optimal quantity of ethyl acetate solvent was 3695 kg/h. In the distillation stage, a two-column design was proposed. The first column was for ethyl acetate solvent removal, whereas the second one was used for purifying the target product (benzaldehyde). The operating conditions of the columns were optimized not only based on the vapor feed but also the equipment cost to minimize the investment budget. The optimal parameters for the first column (D-1) and the second column (D-2) were the number of theoretical plates of 7 (D-1), 11 (D-2); the feed position of 3 (D-1), 5 (D-2); the real reflux ratio of 0.11 (D-1), 2.59 (D-2); and the distillate for feed fraction of 0.9536 (D-1), 0.2171 (D-2), respectively.
Preparation of graft copolymers from Vietnam deproteinized natural rubber with acrylonitrile using tetraethylenepentamine and tert-butyl hydroperoxide radical initiators
Authors: Nguyen Thi Ngoc Anh , Phan Minh Quyet , Vu Trung Nam , Nguyen Quynh Vi , Than Van Hau , Tran Quang Tung , Nguyen Thu Ha , Nguyen Ngoc Mai , Tran Thi Thuy 
Published: February 2025

Natural rubber is an unsaturated natural elastomer with many superior properties such as high strength, outstanding resilience, and high elongation at break. However, it lacks in some properties due to the unsaturation of carbon-carbon double bonds in the natural rubber backbone causes easy degradation and poor thermal stability. Many techniques have been made use of improving its thermo-mechanical properties. In this study, the graft copolymerization of acrylonitrile onto deproteinization natural rubber was investigated to increase the thermal and mechanical properties of natural rubber. This process was performed successfully in latex using tetraethylenepentamine and tert-butyl hydroperoxide as radical initiators at 30 °C. The effects of acrylonitrile concentration on the conversion and grafting efficiency of the graft copolymerization were studied. The structural characterization of the obtain graft copolymer was carried out by Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. The improvement in thermal properties of the obtained products was confirmed by Thermal Gravimetric Analysis/Differential Thermal Gravimetric Analysis, which showed that at the optimal condition for graft copolymerization was at acrylonitrile of 15 wt.% per kg of rubber, where the maximum degradation occurred at 377 °C. The mechanical properties of the products were also studied via tensile testing, where the tensile strength of the graft copolymerization using at AN of 15 wt.% per kg of rubber (1.5±0.5MPa), nearly tripled when compared to virgin deproteinized NR (3.8±0.9MPa).
Hippotherapy in Occupational Therapy Practice
Authors: Govender Pragashnie , Barlow Carol , Ballim Sameera 
Published: February 2025

Background: There has recently been renewed interest in hippotherapy, which can be a strategy of choice within therapy programmes involving the use of a horse. In this study, the authors endeavoured to explore the experiences and perceptions of occupational therapists in the use of hippotherapy as a therapeutic intervention strategy.Methods: A quantitative descriptive study design was selected utilising an online questionnaire. Two hundred and thirty seventherapists were purposively sampled with data being obtained from 53 respondents. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics.Results: The majority of respondents (n=39 i.e. 76.3%) indicated awareness of hippotherapy, with a number of the respondentsindicating exposure to hippotherapy during their studies (n=24 i.e. 46.2%). Only six of the respondents were currently using hippotherapy, either directly or through referrals. It is significant to note that out of the 47 of the respondents who were not currently using hippotherapy, 42 respondents indicated that they would consider using it in the future.Conclusion: The high percentage of respondents interested in this therapeutic intervention strategy can be linked to their perception of the benefits of hippotherapy. In particular, all respondents indicated that they viewed hippotherapy as being beneficial for neurological conditions, as well as for specific aspects of functioning including postural control, mobility, processing and integration, self-confidence, self-esteem, mood and motivation. Relevant barriers impacting on the use of hippotherapy included limited centres available and lack of awareness. The majority of respondents currently not using hippotherapy indicated that there was limited training for occupational therapists. As benefits become validated by future research studies, as well as by limiting barriers to the use of this intervention strategy, hippotherapy may become a more widespread and acceptable adjunctive therapeutic intervention strategy.
The prevalence of osteoporosis in patients referred for DEXA scans at a tertiary academic center in Johannesburg, South Africa
Authors: Anavi K , Daya R , Bayat Z 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose: Osteoporosis and fragility fractures are expected to rise in a rapidly aging South African population. However, currently, there are limited prevalence studies available for this population.

Methods: We assessed the prevalence of osteoporosis from all Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scans on referral to a tertiary academic hospital in Johannesburg, South Africa. All DEXA scans were analyzed between January 01, 2006, and December 31, 2021. The World Health Organization (WHO) criteria were used to diagnose osteoporosis.

Results: Of the 2264 DEXA scans analysed, 880 were osteoporotic (96.4% females, 3.6% males), with an overall osteoporosis prevalence of 38.8% (CI 38.6-40.8). The prevalence increased with age. Bone mineral density T-scores were lower in subjects with lower body mass index. The vertebral body with the highest prevalence of fractures was thoracic level T12. There were no significant differences when comparing T-scores by various bony regions between males and females above age 50.

Conclusion: In those referred for DEXA scans, this study found a high prevalence of osteoporosis, especially in the older South African population, with notable levels in postmenopausal women. Being underweight was associated with increased severity. We also found a higher incidence of vertebral deformities with increasing age.
A rare case of leukocytoclastic vasculitis in autologous breast augmentation post breast cancer treatment
Authors: Engelhardt Sean , Howell Chloé Marie Victoria , Nayler Simon John , Ngwisanyi Weludo , Benn Carol-Ann 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Leukocytoclastic vasculitis is a hypersensitivity reaction involving immune complex deposition in dermal capillaries and venules. We report a case of a 34-year-old female patient with left-sided breast carcinoma who developed vasculitis following autologous left breast augmentation, confirmed histologically. Various aspects of the patient's treatment history may be implicated in the development of her leukocytoclastic vasculitis, including chemotherapy and radiation therapy, antibiotics, and the presence of breast carcinoma (leukocytoclastic vasculitis as a paraneoplastic syndrome). Based on the temporal relationship, histological findings, and the site of these pruritic lesions, we postulate that autologous breast augmentation is the most likely aetiology for the leukocytoclastic vasculitis in our patient, an association not previously reported.