bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In-situ fabrication a thin-film nanocomposite photo-anode electrode for the dye-sensitized solar cell
Authors: Mohammed Kuhdhair M. , Yousif Qahtan A. , Habeeb Hassan A. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Here, the performance of dye-sensitized solar consisting of the TiO2 anatase phase of nanoparticles and its nanocomposite (TiO2/G) were successfully fabricated via the electrophoretic method as thin films on the ITO conductive glass. Thin films were characterized by the X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (DRS), and Raman spectroscopy. All of these techniques have confirmed the formation of nanocomposite when added the graphene sheets with changing in the properties of titanium dioxide nanoparticle. It can be noticed the peak in (002) which attributes to the graphene in TiO2/G. The new peaks that appeared in FTIR, and the bandgap reduced to be about 2.9 eV. Thus, the introduction of graphene sheets to the thin film of TiO2 photo-anode electrode via the solvo-electrochemical route is an effective method to improve the performance of the ITO/TiO2 thin film DSSC, which increases the short current density and increases the conversion efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cell from the 2.14 to 2.53 % after employed the thin-film titanium dioxide modified photo-anode.
Colorimetric Determination of Phenylephrine hydrochloride Drug by Diazotization Reaction
Authors: Alteemi Hajir S. , Kadim Kassim H. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
By diazotization coupling reaction is one of the most frequently employed technique in pharmaceutical analysis. It involves measuring the amount of ultraviolet or visible radiation absorbed by a substance in solution as a method for estimation drug of Phenylephrine hydrochloride by reliant on azo-coupling reaction between (PHE)HCl and Clonazepam as a reagent. To reach to the aim of obtaining the colored product with a maximum absorbance 466nm. The linearity range for Phenylephrine hydrochloride was (0.5_9μg\ml) while the detections limit 0.006 and quantification limit 0.02μg\ml The Molar Absorptivity 2.5457 ×104L/mol.cm with Sandal’s sensitivity 0.01μg\cm2. Eventually these methods were successfully completed to determination of PHE.HCl in pure and commercial form.
Selenium Nanoparticles And Silymarin To prevent Lead Acetate-Induced Toxicity On Reproductive Performance Of Male Rats
Authors: Hatem Rasha Muzahem , Hussain Eman Mohammed 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The current study was carried out to study the effect of selenium nanomaterials and the extract of the silymarin plant on male rats poisoned by lead phastates and to study their effect on male genital. The study was conducted in the eighth month of last year and for 40 days, Where 50 males were taken from rats and were divided equally into 5 groups, which are as follows: Control group 10 animals were gavage with distilled water for 40 days. The lead acetate group was administered in single dose and left for the duration of the experiment. The third group was administered with a single dose of lead acetates and then gavage with selenium nanoparticles for 40 days. The fourth group administered lead acetate with a single dose then gavage with extract of silymarin for 40 days, And the fifth and final group was gavage with lead acetate with a single dose and then administered combination of selenium nanoparticle and extract of silymarin for 40 days. The results of the study exposed that selenium nanotubes and salimarin extract had a positive effect(P < 0.05) on all the parameters measured in this study. In conclusion, SeNPs and extract of silymarin in the supranutritional dose has a positive effect on the reproductive function of male.
Pathogenicity of nine Fusarium species causing head blight and crown rot in Iraqi wheat cropping system, Basra province
Authors: Hussein Minati Mohammed , Khalaf Mohammed-Ameen Mohanned 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This experiment was conducted to determine pathogenicity of 32 isolates of nine Fusarium spp. (F. chlamydosorum, F. equiseti, F. graminearum, F. pseudograminearum, F. solani, F. avenaceum, F. culmorum, F. cerealis and F. nygamai) on the heads, stems and seeds of soft winter wheat cultivar, Abu Ghraib 3 (AG 3). For pathogenicity test on head bleaching, the effects of disease severity and percent Fusarium head blight (FHB) were significant (P ≤ 0.05) for each of Fusarium species and isolates as well as time were analyzed individually. Analysis by Fusarium species displayed that F. culmorum, F. cerealis and F. graminearum caused the highest percent FHB at 21 days after inoculation, while F. chlamydosporum and F. nygamai were the least pathogenic. F. Pseudograminearum had the greatest effect on seed germination (40-48%), followed by F. culmorum (53-60%). The effects of most examined Fusarium species and isolates were significant (P ≤ 0.05) for discoloration rating of basal stem as indications of Fusarium crown rot (FCR). F. pseudograminearum had the highest average percent disease severity of FCR (60.58%), followed by F. cerealis (51.13%), F. culmorum (49.58%), F. avenaceum (48.61%) and F. graminearum (43.92%). Infected heads and seeds might be resulted in basal stem infections, consequently serving Fusarium inoculum to be survived over time. Infected ground and underground plant parts could then become an inoculum sources for head infection in the next seasons.
Effect of adding different levels of lemon grass leaves (Cymbopogon citratus) to the diet or its extract into drinking water on some blood parameters for broiler chickens (Ross 308)
Authors: Yasir Al-Awadi Dheyaa Hmazah , Ali Al-Nadawi Nihad Abdul-Lateef 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This experiment was conducted at the poultry farm of the college of Agriculture, University of Al-Qasim Green for the period from 18/9/2019 to 23/10/2019. The study was aimed to the effect of adding different levels of lemongrass leaves (Cymbopogon citratus) to the diet or its extract to drinking water on some blood parameters for broiler chickens (Ross 308). In the experiment, 225 unsexed broiler chicks (Ross), which obtained from Al-Anwar hatchery, it the were randomly distributed on 15 pen, with 5 experimental treatments,45 birds for each treatment. Each treatment included three replicates per 15 birds. The treatments of the experiment were as follows: First treatment: control group free from any addition. The second treatment: a basic feed added to 10 g of lemon grass / kg feed, the third treatment: a basic feed added with 20 g of lemon grass / kg feed, The fourth treatment: adding 100 ml of the aqueous extract of the lemongrass / liter of drinking water, and the fifth treatment: adding 200 ml of the aqueous extract of the lemongrass liter of drinking water.
The experiment included studying the following characteristics: the number of red blood cells, the number of white blood cells, the percentage of Haematocrit (%), the concentration of haemoglobin (%), the percentage of lymphocytes (%), the percentage of Heterophil cells (%) and the percentage of H / L cells. The results indicated register the third, fourth and fifth treatment (adding 20 g / kg of feed leaves of lemon and 100 and 200 ml / liter of drinking water from the aqueous extract of the leaves of lemongrass) recorded an increase in the number of red blood cells, the percentage of Haematocrit and the concentration of haemoglobin at the 35 days age and in a significant (p≤ 0.05) compared to the first treatment (control). The treatment of adding lemongrass leaves, either with feed or drinking water, showed a significant increase (p≤0.05) in the numbers of white blood cells, the percentage of lymphocytes (%) and a decrease in the percentage of Heterophil cells (%) and the percentage of H / L cells compared to the first treatment (control). It is concluded from the present experiment that adding of the lemon grass leaves or their aqueous extract to drinking water at levels of 20 g / kg fodder, 100 ml of aqueous extract of lemon leaves and 200 ml of the aqueous extract of lemon grass leaves to the diet can lead to improving some blood parameters for broiler chickens. Keywords: lemon grass, blood parameters, broiler chickens.
*Research paper from MSc thesis for the first author.
Antimicrobial, antibiofilm, and antioxidant activity of chitosan nanoparticles synthesized by E. coli
Authors: Hussein Ali Abdul , Aldujaili Nawfal Hussein 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe aim of the this study was to study the antimicrobial, antibiofilm, and antioxidant activity of Chitosan nanoparticles synthesized byE. coli. Twenty five Sample and investigations were achieved during the period from November 2018 to April 2019. Wound infection samples were collected from Two different hospital in Najaf province (AL-Sadder medical city). The A5 (E.coli) efficient isolate. the isolate was diagnosed by convenatial and molecular methods. Molecular study showed theE,coliisolate gave positive results (1270bp) for 16s rRNA assay, Data ofE. colistrain at the locus (MN197856), accession (MN197856), version (MN197856.1), defined as(Escherichia colistrain Kafeel-1 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence. The results showed the gram positive bacteria highly resistante to novobiocin and nitrofurantion with the diameter of inhibition zone 27 and 20mm respectively, and low resistante to amoxicillin/calvulanic acid with the diameter of inhibition zone (0 mm). Where gram negative bacteria showed highly resistante to imipenem with the diameter of inhibition zone 22 mm. and low resistante to antibiotic includes ciprofloxacin and amoxicillin/calvulanic acid with the diameter of inhibition zone 5 and 0 mm respectively. Biogenic chitosan expressed high significant antibiofilm activity with increasing concentration of chitosan NPs. DPPH reducing activity of nanoparticles which increased with increase concentration of biogenic chitosan NPs.
The toxicity of alkaline compounds of some plants in some aspects of the life of the house fly Musca domestica)Diptera:Musacidae)
Authors: falhy AL-mrammathi Majida mohammad Abid , Annon AL-Hasnawi Mohammad Ridha 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Current research included evaluating the efficacy of extracts of Citrus alkaloid raw materials Citrullus colocynthis L., Rubus sanctus Shreb and Lycium barbarum in the cumulative mortality of the Musca domestica.

The alkaloids extract of the raspberry plant R.sanctus recorded a clear superiority over the bitter melon C. colocynthis and L. barbarum, as the mortality rates for eggs ranged between 80.78-43.34% for the R.sanctus plant in concentrations 20-2.5 mg / ml, while it reached 66.93-32.50% for the C.colocynthis plant. In comparison with the control treatment of 16.60%, the botanum L.barbarum followed with a loss rate ranging between 63.68-31.12% for the same extract and the aforementioned concentrations. There is a direct relationship between the percentages of loss and the concentrations used.
As for the effect of extract of raw alkaline compounds of plants on the destruction of the three larval phases of the housefly, the effect was evident as the highest rates of killing were achieved for the larval phases of all plants and at the highest concentration of 20 mg / ml, with the exception of what the third phase of the bitter melon plant showed in terms of resistance, as the mortality of the aforementioned phase reached 85.56% compared with the percentage of destruction in the control treatment of 8.61%. There is also a direct relationship between the concentrations and the percentages of destruction. The results also indicate a difference in the sensitivity of the larval stages of the extracts, as the first phase was the most sensitive compared to the rest of the other larval stages.
Effect of Nano and bio fertilizer on production of bioactive compounds of Solidago canadensis L
Authors: Al-Rekaby Layth Sareea , Atiyah Khalid mohsin 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The experiment was conducted to assess the effect of different concentrations of Nano fertilizer at three concentrations 0, 1 and 2 gm./L, and the bio fertilizer at two concentrations 0 and 20 gm./L and their combinations on production of Bioactive compound of Solidago canadensis L. (goldenrods), that planted in pots. After ending experiment, the active compounds in alcohol extract of shoot were detected by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-Mass). The results show that the experimental treatment effect alterations in all detected bioactive compounds. GC-Mass analysis shows quantitative and qualitative variations of bioactive compound of alcohol extract from shoot of goldenrods, where shoot content of active compounds many of the most important bioactive compounds (Figure1) Chemical description of extract has been conducted out using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-Mass). seventy identified compound in S. canadensis of total compounds in the fundamental compounds were identified as medical activity the results show increase the present of Alpha.-Amyrin after treatment by 2 gm./L Nano fertilizer without Bio fertilizer so that, The Kolavenol show increase by treatment 20 gm./L Bio fertilizer without Nano fertilizer, Propanoic acid increase by treatment 1 gm./L Nano fertilizer and 20 gm./L Bio fertilizer, Copaene show increase by all treatment except with 2 gm./L Nano fertilizer and 20 gm./L Bio fertilizer, while Hexadecanoic acid show increase by all treatments (Figure2-7).
The Effect of Capparis Spinosa L. Plant on the Cytochrome and Glutathione to Reduce the Hepatotoxicity induced by Paracetamol in Mice
Authors: Ali Al-nuani Raed Mohammed , Kadhim Naser Jawad 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The acetaminophen is one of analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can cause the hepatotoxicity. Many of the hepatoprotective of plant use in medicine to treatment of hepatic disorders. The aqueous Capparis spinosa extract (CSE) (500 mg/kg) was used to reduce the hepatotoxicity induced by paracetamol (PARA) (300mg/kg). The current study, 70 male albino mice (25-30 g) were divided into five group; group I: It were received 0.9% sodium chloride (control), group II: It were given PARA intraperitoneally (IP) (300 mg/kg), single dose, group III: It were received PARA as a single dose (300 mg/kg) intraperitoneally (IP) directly followed by oral administration of the CSE (500 mg/kg) single dose per day for 21 days, group IV: It were received CSE (500 mg/kg) single dose per days for 21 days the injected by PARA intraperitoneally (IP) (300mg/kg), and Group V: It were administered orally of CSE only (500 mg/kg) per days for 21 days. The animals each groups above sacrificed at 1 h, 6h, 12h, 24h, 72h, 10 days and 21 days. Blood samples were collected to determine the serum of CYP450 2E1 and GSH. The PARA (300mg/kg) increased the CYP450 2E1 and reduced the GSH serum levels significantly when compared with the control group (P<0.05). The CSE showed non-significantly effect on these markers. The CSE showed the higher reducing effect on CYP450 2E1 and GSH level induced by PARA toxicity about 19.53% in (CSE+PARA) group, and about 62.52% in (PARA+CSE) group respectively. This research conclude that the CSE (500 mg/kg) reduces the hepatotoxicity of paracetamol (300mg/kg IP) significantly.
The Detection and Investigation of Tetracycline Resistance Associated Genes Among Shigella Isolates Using Polymerase Chain Reaction and Phylogenetic Analysis Methods In Al-Diwaniyah province, Iraq
Authors: Jabbar Abeer Hamoodi , Al-Azawi Ibtisam H. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Shigellosis is second cause in the world that leading to diarrheal death (164,300 deaths annually, one to three causes that leading to diarrheal deaths in children younger than 5 yeares. Shigella spp are responsible for the illness caused that are enteric bacteria facultative anaerobice, non-motile, Gram-negative rods. almost of 165 millions states of diarrheal yearly, about 163 millions of states is at developing nations. because of the developments of antibiotics resistance over the previous halfe-century, In Shigellosis optiones for Antimicrobial treatments are specific to little numbers of antibiotics overtimes, patterns of antimicrobials resistances in Shigellae spp. has change in order to geographicals positions and treatmentes becames further complicated, The appropirate and active treatments for diseases lead to descrease shed for bacteria and prevents lethale productions. aim of study was to Investigation of The Tetracycline genes in Shigella spp and The Relationship between the Antimicrobial Resistance and Tetracycline genes Using PCR and Phylogenetic tree analysis, Shigella isolates were diagnostic by Biochemical and molecular methods.

Shigella isolates were investigated genotypically to detection about harboring Tetracycline Genes includes (tetA), (tetB) by PCR technique. The Shigella isolates showed the high percentage of (tetA) gen about (100%) followed by ,(tetB) (90%). Sequencing of tetA and tetB genes was done also.
Propagation of oncolytic Newcastle Disease Virus in Embryonated Chicken Eggs and its Research Applications in Cell lines
Authors: Al-Ziaydi Ahmed Ghdhban , Al-Shammari Ahmed Majeed , Hamzah Mohammed I. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractNewcastle Disease Virus (NDV) can modulate cancer cell signaling pathways and induce apoptosis in cancer cells. The laboratory-based studies of the oncolytic NDV requires a reliable protocol for the propagation of the oncolytic NDV. A comprehensive protocol is provided for virus propagation in fertile chicken eggs, which consistently yields high titer viral stock. Aim: Propagation of oncolytic NDV AMHA1 attenuated strain in Embryonated Chicken Eggs (ECE) and tissue culture infective dose 50% (TCID50) determination protocol of the virus. Method: Specific pathogen-free fertilized chicken eggs were incubated at 37 °C and 55-60% humidity for 9’ 10 days. Over this period, embryo death was monitored using an egg candle regularly. Virus inoculation is carried out by injection of the diluted virus stock into the allantoic cavity using a needle. embryo death was recorded every two hours and the egg rushed to the refrigerator and fluids collected after four to six hours. Hemagglutination assay (HA) was used to determine the preliminary titer of the virus to collect the high titer egg fluids only which is about 128 to 256HAU. The Vero cell line was exposed to NDV at tenfold serial dilutions to determine TCID50of the virus. The number of viruses in 1 ml of allantoic fluid was measured of embryonated chicken eggs. Results: NDV Iraqi virulent strain has the ability to kill all the chicken embryos through (24-72) h of inoculation. A high titer of NDV was achieved from the infected eggs.Conclusion: Oncolytic NDV propagated in embryonated chicken eggs in high titers as indicated by TCID50value.
The Epipelic Algal Community in Tigris River and the Effect of Rasheed Power Plant Effluents on its Biodiversity
Authors: Muftin Fatema Sh , Nashaat Muhanned R. , Farhan Rasha K. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn order to find the effect of Rasheed Power Plant (RPP) effluents on biodiversity of Tigris River epipelic algal community, twelve monthly clay samples were collected from January to December 2012, at four selected sites along the Tigris River, which were located upstream RPP (S1), near RPP (S2) and down to the impact of RPP discharge (S3) and (S4). The results showed that epipelic cell density range from 60.493 × 103cell/m3at S1 to 155.744 × 103cell/m3at S2. Shannon diversity index (H) ranged from 0.275-2.517 bit/Ind., species richness (D) ranged from 0.1115-2.1241, species uniformity index (E) ranged from 0.148-2.878. Generally, the biodiversity indicators result showed a positive quantitative effect of thermal effluent on epipelic community, and negative qualitative effect of thermal effluent on its community Also, it was concluded that the benthic clay of Tigris River was considered as poor diversity and polluted especially at site 2.
A Study of the Chemical and Physical Properties of Cane as a Biofuel After Thermal Treatment Processes (Tarification)
Authors: Alnasur Fawzi Sh. , Almansoori Ahmed Ch. , AL-Furaiji Mushtaq A. , Kareem Muhammed Im. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to examine the physical and chemical properties of cane as a biofuel after torrefaction processes. The main objective study is to increase the use of biomass as renewable energy resources and improve the efficiency of technologies and equipment used to burn fuel. Sugar cane specimens were collected directly from the agricultural lands with a moisture content 11.45%. All specimens have been dried. Calorific value, heat capacity, percentage of some elements and carbon monoxide emissions have been measured. the rustles indicated calorific value for cane more than straw rice and barely while less than straw wheat and corn, high carbon content, acceptable hydrogen, oxygen, and sulfur content, and low nitrogen content, carbon monoxide emissions and.
Facies Architecture, Diagenesis and Paleoceanography of Mishrif (Late Cretaceous) in Selected Wells of West Qurna Oil Field, Southern Iraq
Authors: Hussain Salah A. , Al-Obaidi Mautadhid , Khwedim Kareem , Ahmad Khaldoun 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The Cretacous is consider as very substantial period especially in middle and south of Iraq inasmuch of hydrocarbon content along his rock succession. In present work, the Mishrif Formation was studied in well 220 and well 280 of West Qurna oil field, Southern Iraq, the examination of the hand specimens of the formation rocks indicates recrystallized vuggy limestone in well 220 and recrystallized limestone in well 280. Twenty-four core samples distributed equally over the two wells were collected and prepared for microscope examination. Six main types of microfacies were found in both wells, these are: lime mudstone, wackestone, packstone, grainstone, rudstone and grapestone; and four submicrofacies these are: bioclast wackestone, benthic forams wackestone, bioclast packstone and peloidal packstone. The diagenetic processes include: cementation, dolomitization, compaction, dissolution and porosity. The microfacies examination reflect facies zone (7, 8 and 9A) which indicate deposition in the (evaporitic to the open marine) platform interior environment.
Bioremediation of pollutant waters by Trichoderma harzianum using EDX and laboratory Examination
Authors: Abed Ali Wisam jasim , Walli Hazim A. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The results of water examinations for Al-Najaf sea by used energy dispersive x-ray and laboratory examination and it compare with river water were pH value was 5.5, Chlorides 950 mg/l, Sulfate 834 mg/l and intractability of water was 811mg/l, for water samples from Al-Najaf sea. While were the results for the river samples of water in Al-Najaf city, it were pH value was 6.7, Chlorides 344 mg/l, Sulfate 290 mg/l and Intractability of water was 390 mg/l. The laboratory results showed the role of Trichoderma harzianum in reducing the clear pollution factors in the pollutant waters after detecting it with an electron microscope. Where the results of the biological treatment by Trichoderma harzianum showed that there clear significant differences between the initial tests for the pollutant waters of AL-Najaf sea and the sea waters that were treated as follows : pH value was 6.4, Chlorides 720 mg/l, Sulfate 400 mg/l and Intractability of water was 460 mg/l, for pollutant waters after treatment by Trichoderma harzianum.