bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patterns of Sustainable Shophouse Development for Transit-Oriented Areas
Authors: Sidi Boedi Darma , Samsirina  , Putri Tika Novis , Rahmi Marlisa 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Shophouse is a combination between commercial and residential functions in one building that commonly found in numerous cities in Indonesia. In the development of TOD area, shophouses become one of the TOD developers’ marketing strategy in attracting more potential consumers, due to its economic value. Apparently, in its development and utilization, the existence of shophouses are causing several problem that related to environmental sustainability. This paper describe two sustainability problems that occur in the development of shop houses. Firstly, the ineffective utilization of living spaces in shophouses, which is the main focus of the discussion in this paper. Secondly, the shophouse facades were frequently changed by the shopkeepers or tenants to adjust their business representation, in which opposing the principle of sustainability. These two phenomena describe the inconsistency in sustainability principle of the shophouses in a transit-oriented development. Thus, the development of shophouses in transit-oriented area need to acquire a different pattern from the current pattern of shophouses. The residential function in a shophouses in a transit-oriented area should be vertically separated from the business function, or to be part of the Mixed-Use Concept. Therefore, hopefully the development of shophouses could support the sustainability principle of transit-oriented areas in the future.
A Review of Urban Visual Environment in Transit-Oriented Development (TOD): Visual Comfort and Disturbance
Authors: Febrian Dhini Dwi Rizky , Wonorahardjo Surjamanto 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) is one solution that widely applied to control the density of cities. Seeing the precedent, areas adjacent to public transit will be dominated by high-rise buildings. The issues raised in this paper related to how the phenomenon of high-rise development impacts the urban visual environment. The literature review method is used to determine aspects of the urban environment through visual comfort and visual disturbance. Literature review results in several factors influencing the urban visual environment, consist of the natural landscape, vegetation, exterior building and views, dimension, urban screen, visibility, colors, and materials. It was found that the difference between comfort and disturbance indicators tends to be thin because there is an acceptable disturbance. This situation occurs where visual disturbance can be tolerated as long as psychologically, there is a pleasantness increase. Related to TOD, development around transit areas must be considered for its impact on the urban visual environment. It is expected that through the achievement of a comfortable urban visual environment, the level of satisfaction will increase along with the increasing role of the transit area in supporting the use of public transportation and walkability, which are the goals of the TOD in an urban area.
Mix-strata Housing Plan through Vertical Extension Remodeling for Aged Apartments
Authors: Choi Jae Pil , Choi Jun Ho , Baek Soo Yeon , Kim Jung Woo , Ai Lian Shu 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
A large number of apartments in the 1st phase new towns that were built in the vicinity of Seoul during the 1990s are now facing problems associated with aging. To solve this issue of deterioration, the Korean government has encouraged remodeling, in particular allowing general sales for housing where vertical extensions have been added through remodeling. In this study, a mix-strata housing plan through vertical extension remodeling has been proposed for aged apartments in Korea’s Bundang new town, with a focus on public transportation. By considering a previous study, various floor plans which cater to the specific characteristics of the residents — including single household, elderly couples, newlyweds, and the young generation—have been examined in this study, and how these residents would be able to form a community with existing residents has been suggested. The authors hope that the results of this study would not only resolve the physical deterioration of aged apartment complexes in TOD areas but also establish a new form of remodeling that retains new social sustainability.
Affordable Residential in TOD Area
Authors: Poerbo Heru W. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Transit Oriented Development (TOD) areas in Jakarta are formed with the operation of the first MRT line, followed by the LRT network. However, with the development of mass rapid transit arise the problem of providing affordable housing units within the TOD area. This problem is particularly noticeable in central city TOD areas. This paper describes the process of inquiry in the effort of providing affordable housing in central city TOD areas. The study begins with literature research and case study to find the percentage of affordable housing that should be provided within the TOD area. Discussion with stakeholders and expert of TOD planning will reveal what problems are faced by the provision of housing within TOD area in Jakarta, as well as some possible solution to these problems. The most difficult problem is the land price that prohibits the provision of affordable flats or apartment units there. Changes in regulation regarding the central city mixed use development as well as building codes might be necessary in order to build affordable apartment units in central TOD areas.
Transit-induced Gentrification in Bangkok, Thailand: A Review
Authors: Margono Romi Bramantyo , Zuraida Siswanti , Abadi Agustinus Adib 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
As many of the developing megacities, Bangkok has also implemented a TOD system to tackle the increase of traffic congestion and the availability of transportation issues. However, the TOD projects in Bangkok are not supported by an appropriate provision in affordable housing. In recent years, as the improved accessibility and transit proximity are often capitalized into housing and land prices, it resulted in the low-income population displacement, a condition that refers to the term transit-induced gentrification. This paper uses Bangkok, Thailand, as a case study to review the impact of TOD especially in the displacement of populations. The review concludes that the gentrification in Bangkok is initiated by the increase of the value and rent price of the property due to the presence of the transit station. The case in Bangkok is one of the precedents that have a combination of characteristics from the early period and the latest period definition of gentrification. It has the characteristics that the case is concentrated in the city center and the subject is working class and wealthy residents, which from the early definition. While it still represents the characteristics of the latest definition, such as indirect and direct displacement that appear at the same time.
Critical Review of Advanced Material for Transit-Oriented Development in a Hot-Humid Climate
Authors: Rahmah Nadiya , Wonorahardjo Surjamanto 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Building material applied in a Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) area should meet high requirements such as having heavy-duty capacity, high durability, low maintenance, cost-effectiveness, and environmental-friendliness. In a tropical-rainforest or hot-humid climate, some of those requirements are intensified, especially those which are related to solar radiation and rainwater. Most existing urban development in a hot-humid climate must endure problems caused by uncontrolled stormwater and urban heat island (UHI). The idea of adopting a transit-oriented paradigm into the existing cities, convey a question whether the shift will be determining the liveability of the area; whether it could solve the existing problem or, on the contrary, generate additional problems. To overcome problems of an existing urban area and anticipate the requirements of a TOD area, the researcher progressively develops numerous materials under the term such as ‘advanced material’, ‘green material’, and ‘smart material’. This review covers current trends in material research which is relevant for TOD in a hot-humid climate. The identified trends are analyzed to generate discussion in which the TOD planning in hot-humid climate should consider and anticipate the prospect of advanced material.
TOD Model through Low Carbon City Concept in Urban Design (case study: Palembang, Indonesia)
Authors: Asriana Nova , Donny Koerniawan Mochamad 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Nowadays, Indonesia confronts urbanization, which raises many problems in the urban area, one of them is carbon emissions. Many researches have been done to address the issue of carbon emissions, TOD (Transit-Oriented Development) is one of them. This paper focuses entirely on how to develop the Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) design through low carbon city concepts in Indonesia. The concept of low-carbon cities is potentially implemented for high-energy efficiency in the areas of transport and housing will be able to reduce carbon footprint by decreasing trip frequencies, greater public transportation use for residents, increasing of walking level and higher accessibility. The city has to stimulate compact development with the high mobility movement of space in which space, building and infrastructure will be incorporated into a complex to authorise for living varied, commercial and social space to merge in environmentally sustainability. The development of a design strategy for the stakeholders is needed to develop and promote design ideas to optimise the spatial structure of cities. This paper aims to improve low carbon city model by adding integration between the urban spatial structure and land use to promote urban mixed, mobility, walkability, urban connectivity, and accessibility. These strategies will be used in a new development city in Palembang. Palembang is selected as representative of the rising megapolitan city in Indonesia where it still has capabilities for new spatial development planning to be improved the quality of life, well-planned new connectivity and sustainable cities. In this issue the TOD approach will be harmonized with the low carbon city concept.
The Implementation of Transit-Oriented Development Concepts on Pedestrian Pathways in the City of Bandung
Authors: Gaputra Agara Dama , Widiastuti Indah , Dwi Estika Nita 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
As a form of urban development, transit-oriented development (TOD) maximizes the amount of residential, business, and leisure space within walking distance of public transport facilities. TOD places more emphasis on design that increases interest in walking, by providing a scale that is appropriate for pedestrians. The Bandung City Government for the period of 2013-2018 has applied TOD in the city of Bandung by building various kinds of public facilities, also restoration and construction of infrastructure to improve the walkability aspect of Bandung. The developments that took place in Bandung then increased its livability, among others through the emergence of various types of thematic parks and various pedestrian infrastructures. The scope of this paper is to critically discuss how TOD was implemented in Bandung mainly through the observation on revitalized pedestrian pathways, while the author’s views on TOD which focused on pedestrian pathways is also formulated. Based on analysis carried out, it was found how TOD, specifically the revitalization of pedestrian pathways, was implemented partially with an emphasis on aesthetic aspects. Furthermore, this study described how Bandung has the potential to exploit pathways within kampung kota in heed of context-based TOD.
Building Material in The Perspective of Energy Efficiency and Thermal Environment in TOD Area
Authors: Muhammad Fadhil , Wonorahardjo Surjamanto 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The development of urban area such as a Transit Oriented Development (TOD) involves a lot of building materials that are forming the physical environment which rises problems of urban heat island (UHI) and energy consumption. The TOD forming urban corridors that rise urban canyon issues with high air temperature, poor air quality, high energy consumption for air cooling and purifying (HVAC). The common heavyweight building materials that dominate the physical environment of TOD and other urban areas have low specific heat and high heat capacity. Another thermal property of concrete and brick storing the heat energy influence the air temperature during the night. The lightweight modern building materials that are cheap in construction cost show the worse phenomenon in the UHI perspective due to its lower specific heat. This review paper discusses the role of building material in the urban thermal environment such as the TOD area in the energy and environment perspective. The early result shows that both heavyweight and lightweight modern building material have a bad performance for the environment and should be mitigated otherwise our future will become worse. The energy consumption that rises uncontrollably due to bad air quality and high temperature will decrease the liveability level of the urban area.
Study of TODs Tall Building Fire Evacuation: Refuge Floor Utilities
Authors: Hutomo Cahyo Septianto , Tambunan Lily 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Life safety has to be prior objective due to TODs tall buildings increment, for instance, mixed-use tower or integrated superblock estate, may cause fire accident. Refuge floor provision often met spatial issues according to define its configuration. Refuge floors are more relevant to the RSET factor because of the objectives. This study focused on identification of affecting factor using refuge floors with help of RSET factor from certain relevant three case studies of TODs tall buildings increment. The highlighted findings from certain case study plays important role to clarify the RSET factor on using refuge floor. Building height shows significant utility for refuge floor occupancies in accordance to refuge due to density control inside vertical egress.
Improving Undergraduate Epidemiology Education: An Example Using Instructional Teams
Authors: Brown Heidi E , Cox Jonathan 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Epidemiology is a core component of the undergraduate public health curriculum and a critical component of a healthy community and a comprehensive education. Evidence-based, collaborative instructional practices improve student success, reach diverse student populations, and improve learning outcomes. Here we describe the pedagogical approach of an instructional team with which we observed an 18% greater learning gain (95% confidence interval: 6.5, 29.5; t = −3.08; P = 0.002), based on pre-/posttesting in a large (approximately 120 students) undergraduate course, than with the prior course offering. There were no differences in DEW rates (defined as receiving a grade of D (scoring 60%–69%) or E (scoring &lt;60%) or withdrawing (W)) between the 2 offerings, but the ratio of “A” to “B” grades was higher (by approximately 10%) after deployment of the instructional team (Pearson’s χ2 (1 degree of freedom) = 4.17, P = 0.041). In addition, students reported greater satisfaction with the course deploying an instructional team (80.4% positive sentiment in course evaluation comments compared with 76.1% in the prior offering). As students and faculty become more familiar with effective evidence-based instructional practices, improvements in student learning can be achieved and the goal of creating an educated citizenry ready to build a healthy society will be more attainable.
Aldosterone, Inflammation, Immune System, and Hypertension
Authors: Ferreira Nathanne S , Tostes Rita C , Paradis Pierre , Schiffrin Ernesto L 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Aldosterone is a mineralocorticoid hormone that controls body fluid and electrolyte balance. Excess aldosterone is associated with cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Inflammation plays a critical role on vascular damage promoted by aldosterone and aggravates vascular abnormalities, including endothelial dysfunction, vascular remodeling, fibrosis and oxidative stress, and other manifestations of end-organ damage that are associated with hypertension, other forms of cardiovascular disease, and diabetes mellitus and the metabolic syndrome. Over the past few years, many studies have consistently shown that aldosterone activates cells of the innate and adaptive immune systems. Macrophages and T cells accumulate in the kidneys, heart, and vasculature in response to aldosterone, and infiltration of immune cells contributes to end-organ damage in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Aldosterone activates various subsets of innate immune cells such as dendritic cells and monocytes/macrophages, as well as adaptive immune cells such as T lymphocytes, and, by activation of mineralocorticoid receptors stimulates proinflammatory transcription factors and the production of adhesion molecules and inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. This review will briefly highlight some of the studies on the involvement of aldosterone in activation of innate and adaptive immune cells and its impact on the cardiovascular system. Since aldosterone plays a key role in many cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, these data will open up promising perspectives for the identification of novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for prevention and treatment of diseases associated with increased levels of aldosterone, such as arterial hypertension, obesity, the metabolic syndrome, and heart failure.
Egg spottiness reflects female condition, physiological stress, and ornament expression in a common rallid species
Authors: Minias Piotr , Gómez Jesús , Włodarczyk Radosław 
Published: August 2020

Lay Summary• There is equivocal support for direct associations between maternal quality and deposition of protoporphyrin pigmentation (dark spots and blotches) in avian eggshells.• Research on protoporphyrin eggshell pigmentation has primarily focused on a single avian order (Passeriformes).• We examined associations of protoporphyrin-based eggshell pigmentation with female phenotypic and genetic traits in a non-passerine species, the Eurasian Coot.• Deposition of protoporphyrin in eggshells (total number per area of egg spots) positively correlated with female condition and expression of a putative bare-part ornament (frontal shield), while it was negatively associated with the level of physiological stress.• Protoporphyrin-based eggshell pigmentation acts as a reliable signal of female phenotypic (but not genetic) traits in the Eurasian Coot.• Signaling properties of protoporphyrin-based egg coloration are likely to largely differ between different evolutionary lineages of birds.
A spectral clustering with self-weighted multiple kernel learning method for single-cell RNA-seq data
Authors: Qi Ren , Wu Jin , Guo Fei , Xu Lei , Zou Quan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSingle-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) data widely exist in bioinformatics. It is crucial to devise a distance metric for scRNA-seq data. Almost all existing clustering methods based on spectral clustering algorithms work in three separate steps: similarity graph construction; continuous labels learning; discretization of the learned labels by k-means clustering. However, this common practice has potential flaws that may lead to severe information loss and degradation of performance. Furthermore, the performance of a kernel method is largely determined by the selected kernel; a self-weighted multiple kernel learning model can help choose the most suitable kernel for scRNA-seq data. To this end, we propose to automatically learn similarity information from data. We present a new clustering method in the form of a multiple kernel combination that can directly discover groupings in scRNA-seq data. The main proposition is that automatically learned similarity information from scRNA-seq data is used to transform the candidate solution into a new solution that better approximates the discrete one. The proposed model can be efficiently solved by the standard support vector machine (SVM) solvers. Experiments on benchmark scRNA-Seq data validate the superior performance of the proposed model. Spectral clustering with multiple kernels is implemented in Matlab, licensed under Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and freely available from the Github website, https://github.com/Cuteu/SMSC/.
The Impact of Intersectionality of Multiple Identities on the Digital Health Divide, Quality of Life and Loneliness amongst Older Adults in the UK
Authors: Liu Ben Chi-Pun 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The study measures the digital divide between digital/internet users and non-digital/internet users and the intersectional impact of multiple identities, i.e. gender, race and social status, on older adults in the UK. The analysis interviewed 9,246 adults aged fifty-five plus years in 2012 and 8,484 in 2014 in the English Longitudinal Study on Ageing. The digital health divide was evaluated both by CASP-19 (quality of life, QoL) and UCLA-Loneliness Scale with the intersectional effect of respondents’ multiple identities and digital/internet use. The results suggested a reduction in the digital divide amongst elders in the UK. Generalised estimating equations found that, amongst regular internet users having good social status, white females attained good QoL and little loneliness (CASP-19: β = 2.921, p &lt;0.001; Loneliness: β=–0.631, p &lt;0.001); and white and BME (black and minority ethnic) males both scored low on the loneliness scale (white: β=–0.809, p &lt; 0.001 BME: β= –0.549, p &lt;0.05). BME females with poor social status despite regular internet use got lower QoL and greater loneliness scores (CASP-19: β=–3.107, p &lt;0.05; Loneliness: β=0.935, p &lt;0.001), showing inequalities in their health outcomes. The intersectional perspective of cumulative disadvantages can help social workers better understand how the multiplicative effect of multiple identities socially excludes the vulnerable adults. Implications for research and practice are discussed.