bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Morphing torso mannequin for pressure measurement and scoliotic brace efficacy evaluation
Authors: Lee Ka-Po , Lu Chao , Kwok Hiu-Tung , Zhang Jun , Fok Queenie , Yick Kit-Lun , Yip Joanne 
Published: December 2024

AbstractFashion plays a critical role in self-expression and confidence-building, but adolescents with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) have limited fashion choices when they wear a spinal brace that is bulky and rigid underneath their clothing. Spinal braces also have a significant impact on their self-and body-images, social life, and overall quality of life. This study proposes a morphing torso mannequin that accurately measures the interface pressure between the brace and skin, and evaluates the effectiveness of scoliosis braces, thus eliminating the need for ongoing X-rays and ensuring patient safety. The constructed mannequin replicates the AIS torso by using a validated finite element model and 3D-printing and molding techniques. A comparison of the in-brace effects on the morphing mannequin shows significant improvements in spinal alignment and reductions in Cobb’s angles (5.2° and 2.2°), which is consistent with clinical X-ray images. The large correlation coefficient (0.95) between the mannequin and clinical results confirms its ability to simulate the corrective effects of spinal bracing accurately. The proposed morphing mannequin provides valuable information for applying appropriate pressure to halt the progression of spinal curvature while maximizing the wear comfort for AIS patients. Additionally, the mannequin allows for the assessment of clothing fit, thus simulating the effects of wearing a brace and enabling fashion designers to create garments that accommodate the unique physical profile of AIS patients.
Simultaneous conversion of dialysate magnesium concentration from 1.0 to 1.2 mEq/L and dialysate calcium concentration from 3.0 to 2.6 mEq/L and changes in serum mineral and bone metabolism markers in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis: a retrospective study
Authors: Yamada Shunsuke , Matsueda Shumei , Arase Hokuto , Yamada Kanako , Nishida Hiroshi , Nakano Toshiaki 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
The impact of simultaneous conversion of dialysate calcium (DCa) concentration from 3.0 to 2.6 mEq/L and dialysate magnesium (DMg) concentration from 1.0 to 1.2 mEq/L on mineral and bone metabolism in patients undergoing hemodialysis remains unknown.

Methods
We retrospectively recruited 52 patients undergoing hemodialysis who experienced a conversion of dialysates from dialysate A (DCa 3.0 mEq/L and DMg 1.0 mEq/L) to dialysate B (DCa 2.6 mEq/L and DMg 1.2 mEq/L) at a hemodialysis center. The effects of changing the DCa and DMg concentrations on serum bone and mineral parameters were examined over 7 months.

Results
A total of 48 patients were finally analyzed. After changing the dialysate, serum magnesium (Mg) levels increased significantly from 2.31 ± 0.38 at 0 months to 2.54 ± 0.43 mg/L at 7 months, and serum calcium (Ca) levels decreased significantly from 9.51 ± 0.80 at 0 months to 9.14 ± 0.57 mg/dL at 7 months, with no change in serum intact parathyroid hormone levels. Notably, the serum Ca-to-serum-Mg ratio and serum Ca × inorganic phosphate-to-serum-Mg ratio decreased significantly after dialysate conversion. Around 10% of patients started or increased the dose of vitamin D receptor activators, and 18% of patients started or increased the dose of Ca-based phosphate binders. Notably, the serum Mg levels in three patients exceeded 3.5 mg/dL during the observation period.

Conclusions
Conversion of DCa from 3.0 to 2.6 mEq/L and DMg from 1.0 to 1.2 mEq/L lowers serum Ca levels and increases serum Mg levels, possibly leading to decreased Ca loading and increased Mg storage among patients undergoing hemodialysis.
Inhibition of JAK2 and MDM2 to treat secondary acute myeloid leukemia evolving from myelofibrosis
Authors: Wang Fuping , Chen Longxin , Zhang Limeng , Du Siyu , Feng Yingying 
Published: December 2024

AbstractMyelofibrosis (MF) is characterized by splenomegaly, extramedullary hematopoiesis, bone marrow fibrosis, anemia, constitutional symptoms, and risk of secondary acute myeloid leukemia (sAML). The prognosis for sAML is very poor, with a median survival of less than 6 months, largely due to its resistance to treatment. The main cause of death in MF patients is leukemic transformation. Leukemic transformation requires genetic mutations, such as the JAK2 V617F mutation, which is present in most sAML patients. Mutations in TP53 or the amplification of genes that negatively regulate p53 occur more frequently in sAML than in de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Currently, the treatment of sAML poses a substantial challenge to the medical community. This review explored the potential of targeting JAK2 and MDM2 for the treatment of secondary AML caused by myelofibrosis. This review describes the research on sAML in relation to JAK2 and p53, outlines the interaction between JAK2, p53, mtP53, and MDM2, summarizes the effectiveness of JAK2 and MDM2 inhibitors, and advocates a combined approach using JAK2 and MDM2 inhibitors as a potential treatment strategy for sAML evolving from myelofibrosis. Inhibition of JAK2 and MDM2 may help improve the specificity and efficiency of sAML treatment and address drug resistance.
Non-singular fast terminal sliding mode control of robotic manipulator with prescribed performance
Authors: Zhang Xin , Wang Ruikang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractConsidering the improvement of transient response when tracking the trajectory of the robotic manipulator, a novel prescribed performance non-singular fast terminal sliding mode (PPNFTSM) controller is designed. The method performs the controller design by introducing performance functions with constraint effects, and, at the same time, transforms the trajectory tracking deviation using the hyperbolic tangent function, and a new error performance index function is designed accordingly to solve the dilemma that the prescribed performance control (PPC) depends on the first constrained value of the system; the error obtained from the transformation is then combined with the non-singular fast terminal sliding mode (NFTSM) for controller design. The proof of the stability is established based on Lyapunov functions. The proposed method does not require an initial tracking condition. This is verified by simulation and ensures that the tracking deviation approaches a delimited region near the equilibrium point with a prescribed transient performance and strong robust performance.
Fully Endoscopic Microvascular Decompression of the Trochlear Nerve for Treatment of Medically Refractory Superior Oblique Myokymia: Technical Case Instruction and Operative Video
Authors: Jabarkheel Rashad , Tomlinson Samuel , Borja Austin J. , Ajmera Sonia , Miranda Stephen P. , Lee John Y. K. 
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE:
We describe, to our knowledge, the first report of fully endoscopic microvascular decompression (MVD) of the trochlear nerve in a patient with superior oblique myokymia (SOM).

CLINICAL PRESENTATION:
A 51-year-old female presented with multiple years of intermittent, “jumpy,” and “shimmering” visual disturbances. She was diagnosed with SOM. Magnetic resonance imaging showed right trochlear nerve compression within the perimesencephalic cistern between the free edge of the right tentorial leaflet and the right superior cerebellar artery. She underwent fully endoscopic MVD of the trochlear nerve with complete resolution of symptoms.

CONCLUSION:
Endoscopic MVD of the trochlear nerve is technically feasible and may be used to treat medically refractory SOM.
From Environment to Body: Microplastics' Sources, Pathways, and Health Repercussions
Authors: Grzelak Alicja 
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Microplastics are common pollutants found in the environment and consumer products. People can be exposed to them through eating, breathing, and skin contact. The sources include contaminated food, drinks, seafood, water, salt, and particles in the air, especially in urban and industrial areas. Research suggests these microplastics may cause physical damage, chemical toxicity, inflammation, oxidative stress, and disruption of hormones [1].

Purpose of work: This systematic literature review focuses on providing a comprehensive overview of microplastics in the human body and the health implications due to their presence in human systems [2].

State of knowledge: Research on microplastics has been gaining significant attention among the scientific community. They were found in human stool, blood, and even placental tissue, suggesting they can be absorbed into the human body [3]. Microplastics can enter the body through ingestion, inhalation, and skin contact, and may accumulate in organs over time. Potential adverse health effects include inflammation, immune responses, reproductive toxicity, and translocation to other organs [4][5].

Material and methods: The methodology involved clearly outlining the objectives, a systematic literature search, and a structured process for screening and analyzing studies. The research involved a comprehensive search of scientific databases, including PubMed and Google Scholar.

Summary: Microplastics are ubiquitous in the human environment and can enter the body through various exposure pathways. They have the potential to cause a range of adverse health effects, including physical damage, chemical toxicity, inflammation, oxidative stress, and hormonal disruption. However, more research is needed to fully understand the long-term health consequences of microplastics in the human body.
Prevention of Lower Respiratory Tract Diseases caused by RSV in Infants in Poland: A Review of Current Recommendations
Authors: Mierzwa Gabriela , Dąbek Katarzyna , Kajtel Aleksandra , Ochwat Michał , Piekarska Martyna , Skowronek Anna , Sudoł Maria 
Published: December 2024

Introduction
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the frequent cause of severe lower respiratory tract infection (LRTD) in infants, with the most severe cases concentrated among infants.
Objectives
The aim of this study was to review the current recommendations, as well as the availability and options for prophylaxis of LRTD caused by RSV in infants in Poland.
Material and Methods
Databases such as PubMed, UpToDate and Google Scholar were used for research with the keywords included: vaccine, RSV, nirsevimab, palivizumab, Abrysvo, respiratory syncytial virus, maternal immunization, prevention. The review included studies evaluating the efficacy, safety, and comparison of immunization methods against RSV, along with new recommendations and guidelines from medical societies and organizations, especially in Poland.
Results
In Poland, RSV prevention in infants includes:

Palivizumab: Monthly injections during RSV season for high-risk infants, including preterm babies and those with serious health conditions.
Nirsevimab: A single-dose monoclonal antibody recommended for all infants under 1 year, though not yet available in Poland.
RSV Vaccine (RSVpreF): For pregnant women (24–36 weeks), offering passive protection to newborns. Available in Poland from May 2024.

These strategies provide tailored protection based on individual needs and risks.
Conclusions
In Poland, effective LRTD caused by RSV prevention methods for infants are increasingly available, requiring healthcare providers and pregnant women to understand their benefits and limitations to make informed health decisions.
An Agile Approach to Student Consulting Projects: Iteration and Communication to Improve Decision Making, Presentations, and Teamwork
Authors: Rajagopalan Hari K. , Woodside Sarah , Belanger Kay Lawrimore 
Published: December 2024

Embedding consulting projects into the curriculum presents an effective means of providing students with experiential applied learning opportunities. However, creating, planning, and managing such projects can be challenging. This paper introduces a unique approach to managing consulting projects: Agile Project Management with Scrum. By incorporating a commitment to iteration and communication as the core of the project experience, Agile with Scrum fosters an impactful, realistic, and engaging student consulting experience. This approach enhances decision making, presentations, and team dynamics. This article discusses how one supply chain management course embedded Agile with Scrum into a client consulting project to convert a mediocre experiential learning opportunity into a transformative one. After describing Agile with Scrum and explaining its potential in the classroom, this paper discusses the consulting project before and after Agile; the results; the lessons learned; and the value created for students, clients, and faculty. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/ited.2023.0057 .
Movement disorders that occurred as late manifestations of Alzheimer’s disease controlled by a low dose of carbamazepine
Authors: Manckoundia Patrick , Vovelle Jérémie , Cancemi Sylvia , Mahmoudi Rachid , Renoncourt Thomas 
Published: December 2024

Introduction: According to the World Health Organization, 44 million people worldwide suffer from Alzheimer’s disease. Abnormal movements are atypical symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease. Case description: An 87-year-old woman, followed for Alzheimer’s disease, experienced abnormal movements. The episodes lasted 30 minutes, were involuntary, uncontrollable, anarchic, predominantly in the upper limbs, and without loss of consciousness or bladder control. An electroencephalogram ruled out atypical epilepsy. Pharmacovigilance investigation ruled out a drug-related cause. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed abnormalities suggestive of Alzheimer’s disease, with no other evidence to explain the abnormal movements. Apart from the presence of Alzheimer’s disease biomarkers, cerebrospinal fluid analysis found no abnormality. Dopamine transporter scan rule out an atypical parkinsonian syndrome. Finally, abnormal movements associated with Alzheimer’s disease were suspected. Abnormal movements disappeared within 72 hours on low-dose carbamazepine. Conclusion: This case is educational both because of the clinical presentation and the management of symptoms.
LINC01089 governs the miR-1287-5p/HSPA4 axis to negatively regulate osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Zou Hao , Hu Fei , Wu Xin , Xu Bin , Shang Guifeng , An Dong , Qin Dehao , Zhang Xiaolei , Yang Aofei 
Published: December 2024

AimsThe involvement of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) osteogenic differentiation during osteoporosis (OP) development has attracted much attention. In this study, we aimed to disclose how LINC01089 functions in human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) osteogenic differentiation, and to study the mechanism by which LINC01089 regulates MSC osteogenesis.MethodsQuantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blotting were performed to analyze LINC01089, miR-1287-5p, and heat shock protein family A (HSP70) member 4 (HSPA4) expression. The osteogenic differentiation of MSCs was assessed through alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, alizarin red S (ARS) staining, and by measuring the levels of osteogenic gene marker expressions using commercial kits and RT-qPCR analysis. Cell proliferative capacity was evaluated via the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. The binding of miR-1287-5p with LINC01089 and HSPA4 was verified by performing dual-luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) experiments.ResultsLINC01089 expression was reinforced in serum samples of OP patients, but it gradually diminished while hMSCs underwent osteogenic differentiation. LINC01089 knockdown facilitated hMSC osteogenic differentiation. This was substantiated by: the increase in ALP activity; ALP, runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), osteocalcin (OCN), and osteopontin (OPN) messenger RNA (mRNA) levels; and level of ARS staining. Meanwhile, LINC01089 upregulation resulted in the opposite effects. LINC01089 targeted miR-1287-5p, and the LINC01089 knockdown-induced hMSC osteogenic differentiation was repressed by miR-1287-5p depletion. HSPA4 is a downstream function molecule of the LINC01089/miR-1287-5p pathway; miR-1287-5p negatively modulated HSPA4 levels and attenuated its functional effects.ConclusionLINC01089 negatively regulated hMSC osteogenic differentiation, at least in part, via governing miR-1287-5p/HSPA4 signalling. These findings provide new insights into hMSC osteogenesis and bone metabolism.Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2024;13(12):779–789.
Enhancing Single Cell Phase Contrast Imaging: Intracellular Specificity via Advanced Flow Tomography
Authors: Ferraro Pietro 
Published: December 2024

We show that flow-tomography could enhance intracellular specificity in Single Cell Phase-Contrast Imaging filling the gap toward fluorescent microscopy. Strategies and techniques for precise cellular extraction and 3Dv-isualization are investigated promising insights into cellular biology.
Full-text article not available; see video presentation
In-Situ Characterization of Combustion in Methane Flares Using Standoff Infrared Laser Spectroscopy
Authors: Phillips Mark 
Published: December 2024

A broadband swept-wavelength external cavity quantum cascade laser measures CO, CO<sub>2</sub>, H<sub>2</sub>O, and temperature, while a tunable diode laser measures CH<sub>4</sub>, providing standoff and <i>in-situ</i> measurements of combustion efficiency within methane flares.
Full-text article not available; see video presentation
Anterior Eye Optical Imaging and Correction
Authors: Marcos Susana 
Published: December 2024

Future eye corrections will focus on customizing treatments based on patient-specific optomechanical eye models derived from 3D Quantitative Anterior Segment Optical Coherence and Elastography. This approach enhances understanding and optimization of treatments for myopia, presbyopia, and keratoconu
Full-text article not available; see video presentation
Adiabaticity Engineering in Guided Wave Optics
Authors: Chung Hung-Ching , Chen Chih-Hsien , Hung Yung-Jr , Tseng Shuo-Yen 
Published: December 2024

Adiabatic mode evolution is an important concept in guided wave optics. We describe various approaches to engineer device adiabaticity, including fast quasiadiabatic dynamics, adiabaticity engineering, and adiabaticity map, leading to robust devices with small footprints.
Full-text article not available; see video presentation
Non-reciprocal devices for in-memory photonic computing
Authors: Youngblood Nathan , Pintus Paolo , Dumont Mario , Shah Vivswan , Murai Toshiya , Shoji Yuya , Huang Duanni , Bowers John 
Published: December 2024

Non-reciprocal platforms can offer several key advantages for scalable and efficient photonic computing. In this talk, I will present our recent experimental work validating the use of non-reciprocal materials to implement high-endurance memory for photonic computing.
Full-text article not available; see video presentation
3D Diffuser Encoded Imaging and Physics-Informed Neural Network Reconstruction
Authors: Glosemeyer Tom , Lich Julian , Kuschmierz Robert , Czarske Juergen 
Published: December 2024

Minimally invasive fiber endoscopy offers a high potential for biomedical imaging applications. By utilizing a diffuser for encoding and a coherent fiber bundle in conjunction with neural networks for reconstruction, single-shot 3D imaging enabled.
Full-text article not available; see video presentation
Single-Molecule Localization Microscopy and Molecular Diffusion in the Brain Tissue Complexity
Authors: Cognet Laurent 
Published: December 2024

By combining single particle tracking of near-infrared-emitting carbon nanotubes with analytical methods derived from single-molecule localization microscopy, we reveal the nanoscale organization of the extracellular space of living brain tissue in healthy and pathological conditions.
Full-text article not available; see video presentation
Compact Platforms for Cold-Atom Clocks
Authors: Riis Erling , Griffin Paul , Arnold Aidan , McGilligan James 
Published: December 2024

We examine solutions for miniaturizing atomic clocks for performance at the 10^-15 level. Microwave and optical interrogation of a rubidium microwave clock are highlighted. MEMS and additively manufactured vacuum and spectroscopy cells will be presented.
Full-text article not available; see video presentation
Sub-Wavelength Spatial Light Modulator Enabling Compact Holographic Augmented Reality
Authors: Kaczorowski Andrzej , Buckley Edward , Stahl Richard , Choutov Dmitri , Marescaux Theodore , Noonen Michael 
Published: December 2024

Augmented Reality holds potential to transform our daily lives, but adoption has been limited. Holography overcomes many shortcomings of current AR. We review the history of Holographic Augmented Reality and present recent developments at Swave.
Full-text article not available; see video presentation
المخاطر البيئية لظاهرة التصحر في محافظة أربيل
Authors: Othman Bahra R. , Omer Luqman W. 
Published: December 2024

يستند البحث على تصنيف وتحليل المرئيات الفضائية بهدف الكشف عن التغير في مساحات الظواهر التصحر في منطقة الدراسة ، إذ تم استخدام مرئية الأولى ملتقطة في سنة 2021 للقمر الصناعي Landsat 8 ETM وبدقة تميز مكانية 30 متر والمكونة من سبعة حزم طيفية ، والثانية ملتقطة في سنة 2022 للقمر الصناعي Landsat 8 ETM وبدقة تميز مكانية 30 متر والمكونة من سبعة حزم طيفية . إذ تم تصميم خريطة لتلك المخاطر باستعمال طريقة وزن الطبقات باستخدام احدى وظائف برنامج نظم المعلومات الجغرافية (OVERLAY)، (تم تحويل جميع طبقات المدخلة ضمن خريطة المخاطر الى صيغة (Raster)، لغرض تحليلها وتفسيرها بصورة ادق) وأوزانها الترجيحية التي اخضعت للاختبارات إحصائية تحليلية هرمية حسب أهمية كل طبقة باستخدام نظام (AHP Online System - AHP-OS) بناء خارطة المخاطر التصحر لمطقة الدراسة وتبين في الدراسة بان يمكن كشف العلاقات المكانية المتبادلة بين العناصر الجغرافية مع بعضها لاجل الوصول الى تصميم خرائط الوحدات الارضية والتي تعد مؤشرا لدرجات المخاطر التصحر اعتماد على ادوات التحليل في بناء الخرائط المركبة ، حيث تساعد الطبقات على تصميم أنموذج جغرافي عن المخاطر البيئية لتصحر التي تتعرض المنطقة في نظم المعلومات الجغرافية.والتباين في درجات المخاطر التصحر يعكس طبيعية المنطقة من حيث حركة واتجاه المظاهر التصحر ومدى التغير الذي حصل في اخر تغير في الغطاء النباتى والتدهور التربة ،التوسع العمراني مما يضفي عليها اثار سلبية لا تخدم الواقع الحالي اذ بلغت المناطق المتوسطة المخاطر التصحر فيها (38.720%) من مجموع مساحة محافظة بينما بلغت المناطق الشديدة المخاطر (15.695%) من مجموع مساحة محافظة .كشف البحث عن قدرة نظم المعلومات الجغرافية في الوصول الى خارطة تتلائم مع الواقع الحالي للمخاطر البيئية لتصحر في محافظة اربيل مما يؤكد اهمية هذه التقنيات في الوقوف على طبيعة الاثار السلبية التي تتعرض لها البيئية.