bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tissue- and development-stage–specific mRNA and heterogeneous CNV signatures of human ribosomal proteins in normal and cancer samples
Authors: Panda Anshuman , Yadav Anupama , Yeerna Huwate , Singh Amartya , Biehl Michael , Lux Markus , Schulz Alexander , Klecha Tyler , Doniach Sebastian , Khiabanian Hossein , Ganesan Shridar , Tamayo Pablo , Bhanot Gyan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
We give results from a detailed analysis of human Ribosomal Protein (RP) levels in normal and cancer samples and cell lines from large mRNA, copy number variation and ribosome profiling datasets. After normalizing total RP mRNA levels per sample, we find highly consistent tissue specific RP mRNA signatures in normal and tumor samples. Multiple RP mRNA-subtypes exist in several cancers, with significant survival and genomic differences. Some RP mRNA variations among subtypes correlate with copy number loss of RP genes. In kidney cancer, RP subtypes map to molecular subtypes related to cell-of-origin. Pan-cancer analysis of TCGA data showed widespread single/double copy loss of RP genes, without significantly affecting survival. In several cancer cell lines, CRISPR-Cas9 knockout of RP genes did not affect cell viability. Matched RP ribosome profiling and mRNA data in humans and rodents stratified by tissue and development stage and were strongly correlated, showing that RP translation rates were proportional to mRNA levels. In a small dataset of human adult and fetal tissues, RP protein levels showed development stage and tissue specific heterogeneity of RP levels. Our results suggest that heterogeneous RP levels play a significant functional role in cellular physiology, in both normal and disease states.
Chlororespiration Serves as Photoprotection for the Photo-Inactivated Oxygen-Evolving Complex in Zostera marina, a Marine Angiosperm
Authors: Tan Ying , Zhang Quan Sheng , Zhao Wei , Liu Zhe , Ma Ming Yu , Zhong Ming Yu , Wang Meng Xin , Xu Bin 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
As an alternative electron sink, chlororespiration, comprising the NAD(P)H dehydrogenase complex and plastid terminal plastoquinone oxidase, may play a significant role in sustaining the redox equilibrium between stroma and thylakoid membrane. This study identified a distinct role for chlororespiration in the marine angiosperm Zostera marina, whose oxygen-evolving complex (OEC) is prone to photo-inactivation as a result of its inherent susceptibility to excess irradiation. The strong connectivity between OEC peripheral proteins and key chlororespiratory enzymes, as demonstrated in the interaction network of differentially expressed genes, suggested that the recovery of photo-inactivated OEC was connected with chlororespiration. Chlorophyll fluorescence, transcriptome and Western blot data verified a new physiological role for chlororespiration to function as photoprotection and generate a proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane for the recovery of photo-inactivated OEC. Chlororespiration was only activated in darkness following excess irradiation exposure, which might be related to electron deficiency in the electron transport chain because of the continuous impairment of the OEC. The activation of chlororespiration in Z. marina was prone to proactivity, which was also supported by the further activation of the oxidative pentose-phosphate pathway synthesizing NADPH to meet the demand of chlororespiration during darkness. This phenomenon is distinct from the common assumption that chlororespiration is prone to consuming redundant reducing power during the short transition phase from light to dark.
Establishing Central Sensitization–Related Symptom Severity Subgroups: A Multicountry Study Using the Central Sensitization Inventory
Authors: Cuesta-Vargas Antonio I , Neblett Randy , Nijs Jo , Chiarotto Alessandro , Kregel Jeroen , van Wilgen C Paul , Pitance Laurent , Knezevic Aleksandar , Gatchel Robert J , Mayer Tom G , Viti Carlotta , Roldan-Jiménez Cristina , Testa Marco , Caumo Wolnei , Jeremic-Knezevic Milica , Nishigami Tomohiko , Feliu-Soler Albert , Pérez-Aranda Adrián , Luciano Juan V 
Published: May 2020

AbstractObjectivesThe goal of this study was to identify central sensitization–related symptom severity subgroups in a large multicountry sample composed of patients with chronic pain and pain-free individuals using the Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI).MethodsA large, pooled international (N = 8 countries) sample of chronic pain patients plus healthy subjects (total N = 2,620) was randomly divided into two subsamples for cross-validation purposes. First, a hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) was performed using CSI item-level data as clustering variables (test sample; N = 1,312). Second, a latent profile analysis (LPA) was conducted to confirm the optimal number of CSI clusters (validation sample; N = 1,308). Finally, to promote implementation in real-world clinical practice, we built a free online Central Sensitization Inventory Symptom Severity Calculator.ResultsIn both HCA (N = 1,219 valid cases) and LPA (N = 1,245 valid cases) analyses, a three-cluster and three-profile solution, respectively, emerged as the most statistically optimal and clinically meaningful. Clusters were labeled as follows: (i) Low Level of CS-Related Symptom Severity, (ii) Medium Level of CS-Related Symptom Severity, and (iii) High Level of CS-Related Symptom Severity.ConclusionsOur results indicated that a three-cluster solution clearly captured the heterogeneity of the CSI data. The calculator might provide an efficient way of classifying subjects into the cluster groups. Future studies should analyze the extent to which the CSI cluster classification correlates with other patient-reported and objective signs and symptoms of CS in patients with chronic pain, their associations with clinical outcomes, health-related costs, biomarkers, (etc.), and responsiveness to treatment.
Posterior Inferior Comminution Significantly Influences Torque to Failure in Vertically Oriented Femoral Neck Fractures: A Biomechanical Study
Authors: Wright David J. , Bui Christopher N. , Ihn Hansel E. , McGarry Michelle H. , Lee Thay Q. , Scolaro John A. 
Published: May 2020

Objectives:
To evaluate axial fracture obliquity and posterior inferior comminution in vertically oriented femoral neck fractures (FNFs) in the physiologically young patient. A biomechanical investigation was designed to evaluate the impact of these fracture elements on torque to failure using cannulated screw (CS) and sliding hip screw fixation.

Methods:
Four Pauwels III FNF models were established in synthetic femurs: (1) vertically oriented in the coronal plane (COR), (2) coronal plane with axial obliquity (AX), (3) coronal plane with posterior inferior comminution (CCOM), and (4) coronal plane with axial obliquity and posterior inferior comminution (ACOM). In each group (n = 10), specimens were fixed using either 3 CSs or a sliding hip screw with supplemental antirotation screw (SHS). Quasistatic cyclic ramp-loading to failure was performed using a custom testing jig combining axial preloading and torsional ramp-loading. The primary outcome was torque to failure, defined as angular displacement ≥5 degrees.

Results:
In the CS group, torque to failure was 40.2 ± 2.6 Nm, 35.0 ± 1.4 Nm, 29.8 ± 1.5 Nm, and 31.8 ± 2.2 Nm for the COR, AX, CCOM, and ACOM fracture groups, respectively (P < 0.05). In the SHS group, torque to failure was 28.6 ± 1.3 Nm, 24.2 ± 1.4 Nm, 21.4 ± 1.2 Nm, and 21.0 ± 0.9 Nm for the COR, AX, CCOM, and ACOM fracture groups, respectively (P < 0.05). In both constructs, groups with posterior inferior comminution demonstrated significantly lower torque to failure compared to the COR group (P < 0.05). The CS construct demonstrated higher torque to failure in all groups when compared to the SHS construct (P < 0.01).

Conclusions:
Posterior inferior comminution significantly affects torque to failure in vertically oriented FNFs. Three peripherally placed CSs may resist combined axial and torsional loading better than a sliding hip screw construct.
Blunt End Wire and Lateral Sacral View: A Technical Trick to Precisely Terminate Percutaneous Pelvic Brim Screw Fixation in the Posterior Ilium
Authors: Avilucea Frank R. , Chip Routt Milton L. 
Published: May 2020

Summary:
Percutaneous screw fixation in the treatment of a variety of pelvic fractures may involve placement of a pelvic brim or “LC-2” screw. The technique requires the use of the combined obturator oblique inlet view to define the medial and lateral cortical borders of the corridor and an iliac oblique view to define the cranial aspect of the sciatic notch. No technique has been reported on how to safely avoid placement of such percutaneous fixation beyond the posterior cortex of the ilium. A simple technique using the blunt end of a guidewire and a true lateral of the posterior ilium is reported.
A nebulised antitumour necrosis factor receptor-1 domain antibody in patients at risk of postoperative lung injury: A randomised, placebo-controlled pilot study
Authors: Ryan James , Bayliffe Andrew I. , McAuley Daniel F. , Yeung Joyce , Thickett David R. , Howells Phillip A. , O’Donnell Ciara , Vassallo Arlette M. , Wright Tracey J. , McKie Elizabeth , Hardes Kelly , Summers Charlotte , Shields Martin O. , Powley William , Wilson Robert , Lazaar Aili L. , Fowler Andrew , Perkins Gavin D. 
Published: May 2020

BACKGROUND
Tumour necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1) signalling mediates the cell death and inflammatory effects of TNF-α.

OBJECTIVE
The current clinical trial investigated the effects of a nebulised TNFR1 antagonist (GSK2862277) on signs of lung injury in patients undergoing oesophagectomy.

DESIGN
Randomised double-blind (sponsor unblind), placebo-controlled, parallel group study.

SETTING
Eight secondary care centres, the United Kingdom between April 2015 and June 2017.

PATIENTS
Thirty-three patients undergoing elective transthoracic oesophagectomy.

INTERVENTIONS
Patients randomly received a single nebulised dose (26 mg) of GSK2862277 (n = 17) or placebo (n = 16), given 1 to 5 h before surgery; 14 and 16, respectively competed the study.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS
Physiological and biochemical markers of lung injury, pharmacokinetic and safety endpoints were measured. The primary endpoint was the change from baseline in pulmonary vascular permeability index (PVPI) at completion of surgery, measured using single-indicator transpulmonary thermodilution. Adjusted point estimates and 95% credible intervals (analogous to conventional confidence intervals) were constructed for each treatment using Bayesian statistical models.

RESULTS
The mean change (with 95% credible intervals) from baseline in PVPI on completion of surgery was 0.00 (−0.23, 0.39) in the placebo and 0.00 (−0.24, 0.37) in the GSK2862277 treatment groups. There were no significant treatment-related differences in PaO2/FiO2 or Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score. Levels of free soluble TNFR1, Macrophage Inflammatory Protein-1 alpha and total protein were significantly reduced in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients treated with GSK2862277 (posterior probability of decrease with GSK2862277 vs. placebo:≥0.977; equivalent to P < 0.05). The frequency of adverse events and serious adverse events were distributed evenly across the two treatment arms.

CONCLUSION
Pre-operative treatment with a single 26 mg inhaled dose of GSK2862277 did not result in significantly lower postoperative alveolar capillary leak or extra vascular lung water. Unexpectedly small increases in transpulmonary thermodilution-measured PVPI and extra vascular lung water index at completion of surgery suggest less postoperative lung injury than historically reported, which may have also compromised a clear assessment of efficacy in this trial. GSK2862277 was well tolerated, resulted in expected lung exposure and reduced biomarkers of lung permeability and inflammation.

TRIAL REGISTRATION
clinicaltrials.gov: NCT02221037.
Promising response to a PD-1 inhibitor (sintilimab) in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Zhang Lin , Mai Wuqian , Hao Bo , Jiang Wenyang , Geng Qing 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Rationale:
Lung cancer is the cancer with the highest incidence and mortality in China and worldwide. Among them, 85% are non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). No previous reports have been published to describe the clinical effect of the immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) sintilimab in NSCLC yet.

Patient concerns:
We report a case of a 64-year-old woman with a 20-day history of chest pain with computed tomography scan showing a right lower lung mass.

Diagnoses:
Squamous NSCLC was diagnosed by bronchoscopy.

Interventions:
The patient was treated with sintilimab plus nedaplatin and paclitaxel as neoadjuvant therapy for 3 cycles, followed by right thoracotomy, right middle lobectomy, right lower lobectomy, hilar lymphadenectomy, mediastinal lymphadenectomy, and pericardiostomy.

Outcomes:
The patient was discharged from the hospital 12 days after operation. Pathological report showed no cancer residue in the lung tissue, the bronchial stump, the anastomotic lung marginal tissue, 2nd, 4th, 7th, 9th, 10th, 11th lymph nodes or in the peribronchial lymph nodes after repeated sampling. The pathological stage was deemed T0N0M0. She remained disease free until the latest follow up in July 2019.

Lessons:
Sintilimab is a promising drug for patients with locally advanced NSCLC. However, its efficacy still requires further clinical investigations.
A clinical study on safety and efficacy of Naesohwajung-tang on functional dyspepsia
Authors: Ha Na-Yeon , Kim Seulki , Ko Seok-Jae , Park Jae-Woo , Kim Jinsung 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background:
Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a chronic gastrointestinal disorder diagnosed with dyspeptic symptoms, such as recurrent or persistent postprandial fullness, epigastric pain, burning, and early satiety without any evidence of structural abnormality. In traditional Korean medicine, herbal remedies are one of the preferred treatments for gastrointestinal symptoms. Among them, Naesohwajung-tang (NHT) has been frequently prescribed to improve dyspeptic symptoms for a long time. However, the safety and efficacy of NHT still remain unclear. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of NHT in patients with FD using a randomized controlled trial.

Methods:
This is a protocol for a multi-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Total 116 participants aged between 19 and 75 years diagnosed with FD according to the Rome IV diagnosis criteria will be recruited at two Korean medicine hospitals. Eligible participants will be randomly assigned to either a NHT group or a placebo group in a 1:1 ratio. Each participant will be instructed to take NHT or placebo granules three times a day for 4 weeks. The primary outcome is the change in the total dyspepsia symptom score to confirm the efficacy of NHT. The secondary outcomes include overall total effect, single dyspepsia symptom scale, food retention questionnaire, Damum questionnaire, FD-related quality of life, electrogastrography, and safety assessments. Adverse events will be evaluated at every visit. The primary endpoint will be measured at week 4, and then re-evaluated at week 8 through a follow-up phone visit.

Discussion:
This trial will evaluate the safety and efficacy of NHT as a treatment of FD. The results of this trial will not only verify whether NHT improves FD symptoms and gastric myoelectrical activity, but also clarify those correlations.

Trial registration number:
CRIS KCT0003405.
The association between Ki-67 expression and the clinical pathological characteristics of colorectal cancer
Authors: Li Jing , Liu Zhi-ye , Yu Hai-bo , Qu Xiu-sheng , Xue Qing , Yu Hai-tao , Weeks Christina 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background:
This study will explore the association between Ki-67 expression and clinical pathological characteristics (CPC) of colorectal cancer (CC).

Methods:
We will search relevant studies from electronic databases (Cochrane Library, PUBMED, EMBASE, Scopus, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, China Biology Medicine, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure) from beginning to April 1, 2020 without language and publication time limitations. We will consider all case-controlled studies (CCSs) or randomized controlled studies (RCSs) investigating the association between Ki-67 expression and CPC of CC. We will appraise study quality of CCSs by Newcastle–Ottawa Scale, and RCSs by Cochrane risk of bias tool. Statistical analysis will be carried out by Review Manager 5.3 software.

Results:
The present study will explore the association between Ki-67 expression and CPC of CC.

Conclusion:
Its findings may summarize scientific evidence of the association between Ki-67 expression and CPC of CC, and may provide helpful evidence for clinical practice.
Systematic review registration: PROSPERO CRD42020173795.
Liver fibrosis is a major risk factor for liver regeneration
Authors: Aierken Yiliyaer , Kong Ling-Xiang , Li Bo , Liu Xi-Jiao , Lu Su , Yang Jia-Yin 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background:
Blood flow factors, such as congestion or ischemia after hepatectomy, have a significant impact on liver regeneration, but with the popularization of precise hepatectomy technology, segmental hepatectomy without congestion or ischemia has become the preferred treatment. Our aim is to investigate the factors affecting liver regeneration after hepatectomy without blood flow changes, and to provide clinical evidence for surgeons on the timing of second hepatectomy for cirrhosis patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods:
This study retrospectively analyzed data from patients who underwent right hepatectomy without middle hepatic vein (MHV) in West China Hospital between January 2016 and January 2018. Eighteen living-donors without MHV as normal group and 45 HCC patients, further classified into 3 subgroups based on the severity of fibrosis using the Scheure system. Demographic data, pre- and postoperative liver function indexes, and remnant liver volume (RLV) were retrospectively compared. We also analyzed the remnant liver regeneration rate (RLRR) post-operatively in each group. The significant indexes in univariate analysis were further analyzed using both receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and multivariate regression analysis.

Results:
Liver regeneration occurred in both living-donor and HCC groups after hepatectomy; the RLRRs at 1 month were 59.46 ± 10.39% and 57.27 ± 4.77% (P = .509), respectively. Regeneration in the cirrhosis group occurred more slowly and less completely compared with that in other groups. The regeneration rate in the first 6 months showed rapid increase and the RLRR reached above 70% in cirrhosis group. Multivariate and ROC analyses revealed that Alb and the hepatic fibrosis grade in the early postoperative period were significant predictors of remnant liver regeneration.

Conclusion:
The liver regenerated in all HCC patients; however, regeneration was significantly slower and less complete compared with the normal liver, especially in the patients with cirrhosis. Therefore, it can be concluded that the degree of liver fibrosis is a major predictor of liver regeneration. Furthermore, the optimal time for second resection in recurrent HCC patients with cirrhosis was 6 months after the first operation.
Vertebral tuberculosis as a paradoxical reaction to the treatment of pulmonary and meningeal tuberculosis in an immunocompetent patient
Authors: Volpe-Chaves Cláudia Elizabeth , Lacerda Mara Luci Gonçalves Galiz , Castilho Suse Barbosa , Fonseca Simone Sousa Oliveira , Saad Bruna Abdul Ahad , Franciscato Caroline , Tibana Tiago Kojun , Nunes Thiago Franchi , Venturini James , Oliveira Sandra Maria do Valle Leone de , Paniago Anamaria Mello Miranda 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Introduction:
Paradoxical reaction in tuberculosis (TB) is defined as the reappearance of general symptoms, aggravation of pre-existing diseases, or appearance of new lesions despite adequate anti-TB therapy. It may result from the hyperactivity of the immune response, resulting in an intense inflammation. There are few cases of vertebral TB reported as paradoxical reaction, mainly among immunocompetents patients.

Patient concerns:
We describe a male immunocompetent patient with confirmed pulmonary and meningeal TB. He was readmitted after 60 days of adequate treatment, with vertebral TB and paravertebral abscess, despite clinical improvement of the other locations. We defined as an uncommon case of a paradoxical reaction, confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance and molecular rapid test for TB.

Diagnosis:

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) was detected in cerebrospinal fluid by molecular rapid test (Gene Xpert MTB/ rifampicina method). Sputum research and culture were positive for the same agent. Lumbosacral spine nuclear magnetic resonance revealed bone destruction from T8 to T11, and a paravertebral collection was found. Gene Xpert MTB/rifampicina and culture were positive for M tuberculosis in the drained material of the paravertebral abscess.

Interventions:
The paravertebral abscess was drainage by tomography-guided. Treatment with 4 anti-TB drugs was extended for 60 days and 2 anti-TB drugs was maintained for 10 months. There was a complete clinical improvement.

Outcome:
After draining the paravertebral abscess, the patient progressively improved and was discharged for outpatient follow-up. He was on antituberculous drugs for 1 year; subsequently, complete resolution of the infection was reported.

Conclusion:
Paradoxical reaction may be a difficult diagnosis in immunocompetent patient. Vertebral TB as a paradoxical reaction is an uncommon presentation. Therapeutic failure or resistance to treatment should be ruled out to confirm the diagnosis of paradoxical reaction.
Expression and clinical significance of serum cystatin C in patients with hypertension and coronary heart disease
Authors: Zhao Miaohui , Che Qingqing , Zhang Yandan , Qian Xingjun , Huang Tong 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The aim of this study is to explore the potential association between cystatin C (Cys-c) and coronary heart disease (CHD) in hypertensive patients.
In this study, circulating levels of Cys-c in 62 essential hypertension (EH) patients, 147 hypertension with coronary heart disease (EH + CHD) patients, and 60 healthy volunteers were investigated using immunoturbidimetry. Then, we analyzed the correlations between Cys-C and other clinical parameters.
Serum Cys-C level was significantly higher in the EH and EH + CHD groups than in the control group, and higher in the EH + CHD group than in the EH group. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis showed that the diagnostic value of Cys-C for patients with hypertension combined CHD was 0.871(95% CI: 0.818–0.913). Serum Cys-C level was significantly higher in the double-vessel disease group and multi-vessel disease group than in the single-vessel disease group, and higher in the multi-vessel disease group than in the double-vessel disease group. Urinary albumin and CRP correlated positively with Cys-C, and HDL correlated negatively with Cys-C. Cys-C was an independent risk factor for CHD in hypertensive patients.
Our results suggested that circulating Cys-C levels was up-regulated in patients with hypertension and CHD, and had correlation with the severity of coronary artery disease. As one of the important risk factors for CHD, Cys-C can predict the occurrence of CHD in patients with hypertension.