bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aging methods and age‐at‐death distributions: Does transition analysis call for a re‐examination of bioarchaeological data?
Authors: Clark Melissa A. , Simon Allyson , Hubbe Mark 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAge estimation of adult skeletal remains is notoriously difficult because the degenerative change of adult skeletons is far more variable across individuals, populations, and anatomical regions than the developmental changes that occur during growth. Additionally, age mimicry makes it difficult to discern between the true population age structure and the age structure produced as an artifact of the reference sample. Transition analysis is an age estimation method that was developed to improve the accuracy of age estimation, especially in older adults, by applying a stricter statistical framework based on multiple osteological age markers. Despite its availability since 2002, bioarchaeologists continue to rely heavily on traditional aging methods. However, since transition analysis has begun to gain popularity, it is necessary to identify how the choice of age estimation method affects interpretations about life in the past, especially when samples aged through transition analysis are compared to samples aged with traditional methods. This study evaluates the effect of aging methods on age‐at‐death distributions in a sample from the Late Archaic and Prehistoric periods in Northeast Ohio. Ninety‐three skeletons were aged using both traditional aging methods and transition analysis, and the results from both methods were compared. The two aging methods produced vastly different age‐at‐death distributions and significantly different survival curves. This study shows that bioarchaeologists should be wary of taking pre‐existing data at face value and should consider interpreting data using both traditional aging methods and transition analysis until the accuracy of transition analysis is more clearly established.
Electrochemical Oxidation of Sulfonamides with Boron‐Doped Diamond and Pt Anodes
Authors: Li Hongna , Jiang Huan , Liu Chong , Zhu Changxiong , Zhu Xiuping P. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractElectrochemical oxidation processes usually favored specific degradation pathways depending on anode materials. In this work, a series of sulfonamides (SNs) were degraded by electrochemical oxidation. Compared to Pt anodes (0.1567–0.1795 h−1), degradation rates of SNs were much higher at boron‐doped diamond (BDD) anodes (2.4290–13.1950 h−1). However, the same intermediates were detected in the two anode systems. Due to the strong oxidizing ability of BDD anodes, a large amount of intermediates with high toxicities were initially generated and then finally reduced in the BDD anode systems, while the amount of intermediates continuously increased in the Pt anode systems. Additionally, SNs were degraded faster in Na2SO4 than NaH2PO4 electrolytes at BDD anodes, while they were similar at Pt anodes. This study demonstrated that the degradation pathways of SNs at BDD and Pt anodes were similar, but the evolutions of intermediate amounts and toxicities were different due to their varied oxidizing abilities.
Co‐management of culturally important species: A tool to promote biodiversity conservation and human well‐being
Authors: Freitas Carolina Tavares , Lopes Priscila F. M. , Campos‐Silva João Vitor , Noble Mae M. , Dyball Robert , Peres Carlos A. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Co‐management has been advocated as an effective tool to achieve natural resource conservation worldwide. Yet, the potential of co‐management arrangements can fail to be realized when there is insufficient local engagement.

In this perspective paper, we argue that co‐management schemes focusing on culturally important species (CIS) can help overcome this issue by engaging local people's interest.

To develop this theory, we explore published data on the outcomes of two management schemes, both encompassing multiple independent initiatives, to discuss CIS‐management effects and benefits.

We also show a compilation of CIS examples throughout the world and discuss the potential of CIS‐management to reach a global audience.

Based on these data, we argue that CIS‐management can be an effective tool to reconcile the often intractable goals of biodiversity conservation and human welfare.
Calcitriol Prevents RAD51 Loss and cGAS‐STING‐IFN Response Triggered by Progerin
Authors: Coll‐Bonfill Nuria , Cancado de Faria Rafael , Bhoopatiraju Sweta , Gonzalo Susana 
Published: December 2019

AbstractHutchinson Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is a devastating accelerated aging disease caused by LMNA gene mutation. The truncated lamin A protein produced “progerin” has a dominant toxic effect in cells, causing disruption of nuclear architecture and chromatin structure, genomic instability, gene expression changes, oxidative stress, and premature senescence. It was previously shown that progerin‐induced genomic instability involves replication stress (RS), characterized by replication fork stalling and nuclease‐mediated degradation of stalled forks. RS is accompanied by activation of cGAS/STING cytosolic DNA sensing pathway and STAT1‐regulated interferon (IFN)‐like response. It is also found that calcitriol, the active hormonal form of vitamin D, rescues RS and represses the cGAS/STING/IFN cascade. Here, the mechanisms underlying RS in progerin‐expressing cells and the rescue by calcitriol are explored. It is found that progerin elicits a marked downregulation of RAD51, concomitant with increased levels of phosphorylated‐RPA, a marker of RS. Interestingly, calcitriol prevents RS and activation of the cGAS/STING/IFN response in part through maintenance of RAD51 levels in progerin‐expressing cells. Thus, loss of RAD51 is one of the consequences of progerin expression that can contribute to RS and activation of the IFN response. Stabilization of RAD51 helps explain the beneficial effects of calcitriol in these processes.
A theoretical and spectroscopic (NMR and IR) study of indirubin in solution and in the solid state
Authors: Alkorta Ibon , Elguero José , Dardonville Christophe , Reviriego Felipe , Santa María Dolores , Claramunt Rosa M. , Marín‐Luna Marta 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe infrared spectrum of indirubin in the solid state and the1H,13C and15N NMR spectra in DMSO‐d6solution as well as the13C and15N CPMAS spectra have been recorded. Different types of calculations (B3LYP, GIAO, and GIPAW) have been carried out. Experimental and calculated values were compared yielding commensurate results.E/Zisomerism was explored, as was oxo/hydroxy tautomerism.
Puente para cuidar (bridge to caring): A palliative care patient navigator and counseling intervention to improve distress in Latino/as with advanced cancer
Authors: Bekelman David B. , Fink Regina M. , Sannes Timothy , Kline Danielle M. , Borrayo Evelinn A. , Turvey Carolyn , Fischer Stacy M. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectiveInterventions are needed to improve mental health (ie, depression, anxiety) and palliative care (ie, symptoms, goals of care, and advance care planning) outcomes in Latino/as with advanced cancer.MethodsAn interprofessional study team used the ecological validity model and a participatory approach to adapt an evidence‐based counseling intervention for Latino/as and integrate the counseling intervention with an evidence‐based patient navigator intervention. Next, a small pilot study was conducted to understand and improve the feasibility of the integrated puente para cuidar intervention.ResultsAdaptations were made to language, literacy, and content of the counseling intervention, and video vignettes of the counseling case studies were produced on the recommendation of Latino/a stakeholders. Bicultural, bilingual patient navigators were used as “cultural brokers” between Latino/a patients and the counselor. The pilot study of puente para cuidar demonstrated feasibility based on participant perception of helpfulness and acceptability and nearing goal visit completion rates.ConclusionsA culturally adapted intervention to address mental health and palliative care needs in Latino/as with advanced cancer was developed from prior evidenced‐based interventions using a cultural adaptation model and a participatory approach. The intervention is ready for effectiveness testing.
The crystal structure of the mycobacterial trehalose monomycolate transport factor A, TtfA, reveals an atypical fold
Authors: Ung Kien Lam , Alsarraf Husam M. A. B. , Kremer Laurent , Blaise Mickaël 
Published: December 2019

AbstractTrehalose monomycolate (TMM) represents an essential element of the mycobacterial envelope. While synthesized in the cytoplasm, TMM is transported across the inner membrane by MmpL3 but, little is known regarding the MmpL3 partners involved in this process. Recently, the TMM transport factor A (TtfA) was found to form a complex with MmpL3 and to participate in TMM transport, although its biological role remains to be established. Herein, we report the crystal structure of the Mycobacterium smegmatis TtfA core domain. The phylogenetic distribution of TtfA homologues in non‐mycolate containing bacteria suggests that TtfA may exert additional functions.
Human factors influencing the reliability of fire and gas detection system
Authors: Idris Ahmad M. , Rusli Risza , Burok Nor A. , Mohd Nabil Nur H. , Ab Hadi Nurul S. , Abdul Karim Abdul H. M. , Ramli Ahmad F. , Mydin Idris 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis paper presents some fundamental factors that influence the reliability of fire and gas (F&G) alarm systems by incorporating human factor's principles. As compared, standard alarm and the safety‐related alarm will show two different values of IPF given in process hazard analysis (PHA) studies. In this study, fault tree diagram has been used to calculate the process flow diagram (PFD) value, to identify which alarm type could meet the standard of safety integrity level (SIL1) for F&G system for a single train process. Comparison of both alarms is done for three types of selected detectors; flammable gas detectors, flame detectors, and toxic gas detectors. It has been identified that standard alarm for all type of detectors does not meet the SIL1 requirement. Compared to safety‐related alarm, all detectors are able to meet the requirement of SIL1. Since the greater IPF will be given for safety‐related alarm, it is crucial to study the holistic factor that could maintain the system with good efficiency and performance. The human factor has been identified as the most critical element for safety‐related alarm. A complete coordinated approach is needed to ensure the performance and efficiency of the F&G alarm system can be maintained while process plants are able to be safely operated within as low as reasonably achievable region.
Effect of wind directions on human injury and fatality risk modeling due to vapor cloud explosion in offshore platforms
Authors: Niazi Usama M. , Nasif Mohammad S. , Muhammad Masdi 
Published: December 2019

AbstractVapor cloud explosion (VCE) accidents have the potential to cause loss of life in offshore platforms. In order to quantify risk, quantitative risk assessment has served as a robust methodology. However, previous research focuses on macroscale assessment of risk which does not take into consideration the local specific details such as piping and equipment congestions. The overpressure developed by VCE is greatly influenced by local specific details. In addition, VCE occurs due to the ignition of vapor cloud that is influenced by parameters such as wind speeds and directions. This study investigates the effect of different wind conditions on VCE and resulting human injury and fatality risk by employing a grid‐based approach in an offshore platform. Flame Acceleration Simulator software is utilized to model dispersion of vapor cloud and resulting VCE. The methodology is an integrated tool that enables a grid‐by‐grid mapping risk, thereby providing a complete and precise picture of risk in all the locations. It was found that risk values were increased to maximum of 91% when wind speed was increased from 0 to 7 m/s. Among four wind directions, West to East wind direction recorded maximum risk values and South to North wind direction recorded minimum risk values.
Atop‐the‐barrier localization in periodically driven double wells: A minimization of information entropic sums in conjugate spaces
Authors: Kumar Naveen , Raj Prashant , Balanarayan Pananghat 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe spatio‐temporal localization of a system in the presence of an oscillating electric field for a symmetric double‐well potential is examined via numerical simulations of the time‐dependent Schrödinger equation. For an initial state with equal probability densities in both the wells, stabilized localization atop the barrier can be achieved on a periodic high‐frequency driving. The barrier localization is characterized using Shannon information entropies in position and momentum spaces, defined as
Sρ =  −  ∫ |ψ|2 ln |ψ|2 dx and
Sγ =  −  ∫ |ϕ|2 ln |ϕ|2 dp, where ψ and ϕ refer to position and momentum space wave functions, respectively. The information entropy sum, Sρ + Sγ, goes through a minimum indicating the formation of the barrier‐localized state, when the peak intensity of the oscillating field is reached. The generalized uncertainty via the Białynicki‐Birula‐Mycielski inequality (
Sρ + Sγ ≥ 1 + lnπ) is saturated upon this minimization. This serves as a signature of the formation of the barrier‐atop localized state, in terms of Shannon entropies of measurable densities.
Updates in Hepatitis E virus (HEV) field; lessons learned from human liver chimeric mice
Authors: Sayed Ibrahim M. , Meuleman Philip 
Published: December 2019

SummaryHepatitis E virus (HEV) is the most common cause of viral hepatitis globally, and it is an emerging pathogen in developed countries. In vivo studies of HEV have long been hindered due to the lack of an efficient small animal model. Recently, human liver chimeric mice were described as an elegant model to study chronic HEV infection. HEV infection was established in mice with humanized liver that were challenged with stool preparations containing HEV genotype (gt)1 and/or gt3. An increase in viral load and the level of HEV Ag in mouse samples were markers of active infection. Plasma‐derived HEV preparations were less infectious. The kinetics of HEV ORF2 Ag during HEV infection and its impact on HEV diagnosis were described in this model. In addition, the nature of HEV particles and HEV ORF2 Ag were characterized. Moreover, humanized mice were used to study the impact of HEV infection on the hepatic innate transcriptome and evaluation of anti‐HEV therapies. This review highlights recent advances in the HEV field gathered from well‐established experimental mouse models, with an emphasis on this model as a tool for elucidating the course of HEV infection, the study of the HEV life cycle, the interaction of the virus with the host, and the evaluation of new anti‐HEV therapies.
Security distributed state estimation for nonlinear networked systems against DoS attacks
Authors: Liu Jinliang , Suo Wei , Zha Lijuan , Tian Engang , Xie Xiangpeng 
Published: December 2019

SummaryThis paper is concerned with security distributed state estimation for nonlinear networked systems against denial‐of‐service attacks. By taking the effects of resource constraints into consideration, an event‐triggered scheme and a quantization mechanism are employed to alleviate the burden of network. A mathematical model of distributed state estimation is constructed for nonlinear networked systems against denial‐of‐service attacks. Sufficient conditions ensuring the exponential stability of the estimation error systems are obtained by utilizing the Lyapunov stability theory. The explicit expressions of the designed state estimators are acquired in terms of the linear matrix inequalities. Finally, a numerical example is used to testify the feasibility of the proposed method.
Selective Liquid Sliding Surfaces with Springtail‐Inspired Concave Mushroom‐Like Micropillar Arrays
Authors: Kang Seong Min , Choi Ji Seong 
Published: December 2019

AbstractHerein, a mushroom‐like reentrant structure is proposed, inspired by springtails, to create a selective liquid sliding surface by implementing a simple yet sturdy silicon fabrication and lithography method. The fabricated arrays display high structural fidelity, presenting a novel geometry of a concave tip. The mushroom‐like head shape of these structures is found to have superomniphobicity, which is independent of a variation of temperatures for even low surface tension liquids such as mineral oil. A design rule for the novel cap of the proposed structures, which results in a selective liquid sliding property with deionized (DI) water and mineral oil, is also investigated. It is demonstrated that oil starts to slide at a roll‐off angle (ROA) 10° and then DI water rolls off at ROA 15° on the same fabricated transparent and flexible surface with repeatable durability.
Formal design of scalable conversation protocols using Event‐B: Validation, experiments, and benchmarks
Authors: Benyagoub Sarah , Aït‐Ameur Yamine , Ouederni Meriem , Mashkoor Atif , Medeghri Ahmed 
Published: December 2019

AbstractContemporary interaction‐based complex systems are often built by reusing existing distributed peers, which have to coordinate with each other to fulfill the client, system, and environment requirements. In this paper, we address the design of distributed systems composed of peers (state‐transitions systems) communicating through message exchanges. We consider choreographies as the formal model, allowing a developer to describe and specify peers coordination as a set of conversations; ie, all sequences of messages exchanged between the communicating peers. Proceeding this way requires building neither the individual peers nor their composition as they may be obtained by the choreography projection. The correctness of the preservation of such messages exchanges by each peer obtained after projection is a key issue, known as the realizability problem. Checking choreography realizability is mandatory to build third‐party applications with no coordination error, eg, absence of deadlocks, missing messages, and erroneous messaging order. In our previous work, we have proposed a set of composition operators, allowing designers to build realizable choreographies that are represented by conversation protocols (CPs). In this work, realizability is guaranteed by construction. We rely on the correct‐by‐construction Event‐B method to prove that each CP constructed using our operators is realizable. In this paper, we show how our approach applies and scales to a set of use cases borrowed from the literature and used by the research community. We also show that our approach allows to detect failures and failure recovery in case realizability does not hold.
Fruit Wastes as Promising Sources of Starch: Extraction, Properties, and Applications
Authors: Kringel Dianini Hüttner , Dias Alvaro Renato Guerra , Zavareze Elessandra da Rosa , Gandra Eliezer Avila 
Published: December 2019

AbstractFruits are widely consumed and play a crucial role in diet. Furthermore, changes in dietary habits and growing world population have promoted the increase in demand of this product, which consequently increase their wastes. Besides, the fruit processing, including juice processing, pulp extraction, jams, and frozen pulp, also generates significant amounts of waste. Wastes include skin, pulp, seed waste, and pomace, which are rich in value‐added compounds like starch. The search for new starch sources has been motivated by three main reasons: growing market demand; industry demand for new starches with different physicochemical, structural, and functional properties than conventional starch sources; and food supply to meet the increase of world population. The principal conventional sources of starch are cereal and tubers. However, fruit wastes can contain significant amounts of starch that can be better explored. Fruit waste starches have unique features and can expand the possible range of starch uses in industry. This review explores fruit wastes, including kiwifruit, pineapple, mango, litchi, tamarind, longan, loquat, annatto, jackfruit, avocado, apple, and banana as new sources of starch, and also discusses their extraction methods, properties, and potential uses.
Acts of God: Continuities and change in Christian responses to extreme weather events from early modernity to the present
Authors: Hardwick Joseph , Stephens Randall J. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractScholars, activists and others increasingly acknowledge that religion—whether conceived in terms of ideas, rituals or institutions—can help us cope with climate change and make sense of extreme weather events. Churches provide moral lessons in times of crisis, they spread awareness of climate change and, through community ritual, religious institutions can nurture a sense of collective responsibility. Much has been written on how contemporary faith groups have understood and acted on climate change and extreme weather events. Yet this literature is often not historically rooted and makes only superficial reference to the complex relationships between climate, extreme weather and religion in the past. Without an historical awareness we cannot understand the extent to which present‐day religious discourses on the environment—from those articulated by “greener faith” advocates to fundamentalist skeptics—connect with how past societies understood climate and, more specifically, extreme weather events. A survey of the literature on Christian responses to extreme weather events, whether these be slow disasters (droughts) or isolated events (storms), suggests that histories that emphasize ruptures in attitudes to the natural world are problematic. Extreme weather events have long been regarded as omens and signs, and as divine judgments on sin. It is still thought that weather disturbances reflect disorders in human society. This literature survey introduces these continuities in Christian responses to extreme weather by ranging broadly across the English‐speaking world from early modernity, though special attention is given to current work on Anglophone settler societies.This article is categorized under:
Climate, History, Society, Culture > Ideas and Knowledge
Modification of NaY zeolite by lanthanum and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and its removal performance for nitrate
Authors: Wu Donglei , Sun Yue , Wang Linlin , Zhang Zhiming , Gui Jiaxi , Ding Aqiang 
Published: December 2019

AbstractNitrate in the effluent of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) is the main nitrogen resource in natural water. The excessive nitrogen in natural water causes ecological issues such as aqueous eutrophication. A novel modified NaY zeolite (SMZ‐La) with hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (HDTMA) and lanthanum (La) as modifying agents for ‐N adsorption was investigated in this study. Results showed that SMZ‐La had a higher adsorption capacity (3.82 mg ‐N/g) than zeolite only modified with HDTMA or La (2.75 and 2.23 mg ‐N/g, respectively). Moreover, the adsorption process was endothermic with a maximum theoretic adsorption of 14.49 mg ‐N/g. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis indicated that adsorption rate principally depended on chemisorption between SMZ and ‐N. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that HDTMA was loaded on the surface of NaY zeolite with double layer. Scanning electron microscope and X‐ray spectroscopy analysis illustrated that La was primarily loaded in the pore of NaY zeolite, and the loading of HDTMA and La did not affect the original crystal structure of NaY zeolite. The novel adsorbent provided a promising perspective for nitrogen control in WWTPs and natural water.Practitioner points

A novel modified zeolite (SMZ‐La) was prepared successfully with HDTMA and La.

SMZ‐La had an excellent adsorption capacity compared to SMZ and NaY‐La.

There were both physical and chemical adsorptions in the adsorption process of SMZ‐La on ‐N.