bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trends and perspectives in proportional pneumatics
Authors: Avram M , Sgârciu A I , Bucşan C 
Published: December 2020

AbstractTrends and perspective directions in the field of pneumatic equipment and systems are first identified in the paper. Special attention is given to identifying the equipment and systems that can be adapted to the requirements imposed by a new industrial revolution - Industry 4.0. Pneumatics will continue to be an important domain and the paper presents arguments for that. The current stage of proportional pneumatics is presented and a comparison between analog and digital proportional pneumatics is made. In the final part of the paper an experimental model of a distributor controlled with modulated pulses is presented. The distributor is integrated in a system that controls the pressure in a reference volume.
Constructive and functional particularities of 3D printers with applications in the food industry
Authors: Besnea D , Avram M , Cananau S , Moraru E , Spanu A , Constantin V , Panait I C 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The paper presents the construction and operation of a 3D printer that uses the principle of food raw material extrusion with possible applications in the food industry. The emergence of these additive technologies has led to the obtaining of complex customized three-dimensional products starting from a 3D CAD model. Among the advantages of this technology with applications in the food industry can be listed: obtaining personalized food products with innovative forms especially in the confectionery and pastry area; obtaining food products that have in the component known raw materials (allergies, intolerance), forms, colour, strictly controlled nutritional value; the possibility of integrating this technology in long-term space missions by creating foods of different shapes and compositions. Also, older people can be helped to deal with the problems of chewing and swallowing. The disadvantages of 3D printing technology with applications in the food industry are related to food safety, because strict hygiene conditions and working temperature control must be ensured. Also, the future development of this technology can lead to the saving of large quantities of food raw materials.
Improving the Electric Response of a Cantilever Piezoelectric Energy Harvester by Constraining Tip Curvature
Authors: Borzea C I , Comeagă C D , Uddin M N , Hriţcu R D , Ringheanu V L 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The paper studies the influence of tip curvature on the electrical response of a piezoelectric energy harvester, on a direction other than the charge generation one. Finite element analyses were conducted for the given piezoelectric transducer, which show an increase in the voltage output if blocking the tip curvature on yOz plane between two bars, leaving free only the deflection on xOz plane. The comparison was made between cantilever tip constrained with bars and cantilever with an equivalent proof mass respectively. The simulations in COMSOL Multiphysics are furthermore validated by experimental laboratory tests, confirming the increase of the electric output potential with ~8%. This occurs due to inducing higher stress into the structure by blocking its tip curvature. The frequency response, defined between base excitation and the output voltage, was determined using an impedance analyser. The bars also act as a proof mass, thus decreasing the resonant frequency optimally down to the vibration frequencies of an oil-free compressor’s downstream pipe on which the transducer will be mounted in order to harness the inherent vibrations and subsequently power wireless sensors.
Development of an inertial propulsion drive by using motion simulation
Authors: Geröcs A , Korka Z I , Nedelcu D , Gillich G R 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Beginning with the last century, visionaries and researches from all over the world have invested o lot of energy and time in the development of various drives for generating propulsion force. The present paper is dedicated to the kinematic and dynamic investigation of an inertial propulsion drive using the facilities of the Motion module from SolidWorks (SW) software. Following elements were considered: positional analysis, velocities and acceleration simulation, force generation and power consumption. As the obtained simulation results showed a good closeness to the analytical outcomes, the authors are optimistic regarding the possibilities to develop and improve the system.
Development of cyber physical system based manufacturing system design for process optimization
Authors: Jamwal Anbesh , Agrawal Rajeev , Manupati Vijaya Kumar , Sharma Monica , Varela Leonilde , Machado José 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Cyber physical systems (CPS) are known as one of the significant advancement in computer science and IT. Cyber physical manufacturing system is the emerging research area in the field of computer science as well as manufacturing science and technology which is promoting the 4th industrial revolution which is known as Industrie 4.0. CPS generally focuses on the integration of physical world with cyberspace. It is the integration of communication, computation, control and physical elements. At present time, CPS is the point of interest for academia, government and industries. However, a systematic literature review of cyber physical system for manufacturing system is not available. This paper aims to present the findings on cyber physical systems on manufacturing systems and development of cyber physical system for intelligent manufacturing. The CPS is explained with the concept of CPS and five level architecture system for manufacturing systems. Further, key enabling technologies for cyber physical manufacturing systems is also discussed. In this paper both WoS and Scopus databases (2000-2020) is taken in consideration for literature review. Top journals, top cited papers, top authors and top research categories have been found out.
Laser-assisted additive technologies for the execution of dental restorative prostheses
Authors: Moraru E , Dontu O , Rizescu C , Spanu A , Ciobanu R , Draghici C 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn the paper the authors present a technology with a great development perspective applied in restorative dental prosthetics based on the action of the laser. Also, there is presented an additive manufacturing method for obtaining dental prototypes from special materials, which can have multiple applications in the dental field. By this, dentists can replace the traditional outdated methods of prosthesis. A 3D printer for dentistry is a real opportunity to automate the most important stage in the work of dental laboratories, as well as move to a new level of quality. High productivity, waste-free production, possibility of realization of complex geometries - this is only a small part of the advantages of these technologies for metal and polymeric printing. The researches in this article even show that the prostheses made by selective laser melting have some better mechanical properties than the conventional casted prostheses from the same material.
Displacement and velocity estimation of the earthquake response signals measured with accelerometers
Authors: Nedelcu D , Malin T C , Gillich G R , Barbinta C I , Iancu V 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We propose in this paper a method to calculate the antiderivative of signals that have the integral close to null, as the signals measured on structures during earthquakes are. The method implies performing a series of numerical integration considering the initial value being zero. Afterward, the average value for the primitive function is calculated and considered as initial value: this solves the initial value problem with acceptable precision. Because of the minor errors, the second antiderivative that is the displacement in our case will gain a continuously slight increase. We overcome this problem by finding the trendline and extracting it from the signal representing the second antiderivative. In this way, we obtain accurate instantaneous values for the displacement as well. The algorithm, nominated as PySEMO, is implemented in the Python programming language and used to demonstrate the accuracy of the method. At the end of the paper, we make recommendations for the acquisition strategy to guarantee to find precise velocities and displacements. The algorithm can be used for other signals alternating around zero, e.g. those measured on rotating machines, as well.
Design, simulation and experimentation of an electro-dynamic system for semi-active control of vibrations
Authors: Popescu N , Comeagă C D , Avram M 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Previous work regarding the vibration transmissibility control, using electrodynamic actuators, based on semi-active solutions, proved the efficiency of this strategy. The studied system is a simple, one degree of freedom system. The system integrates mechanical components for passive isolation and an electrodynamic actuator for active and semi-active control of vibrations. The most efficient solution is to design an accurate model and simulate strategies on it. Two strategies are involved: feed-forward control with an accelerometer placed on the mobile mass for acceleration detection and the second one is based on movement detection using the self-induced current due to the actuator's coil movement in a magnetic field. A detailed simulation model, using a software designed for electronic circuit simulation and experimental testing are performed in both cases. The model should be improved for considering the complex impedance of the actuator (mechanically but also electrically), this being the subject of future works.
The quality of metal products bent on CNC machines
Authors: Puşcaş (Popescu) N , Tempea I 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The world market must provide products, that adapt to customer needs, which implies large investments and long-term employments. The way of thinking of the buyers is anticipated by the producers. The paper presents studies and researches in the field of bending of metal parts with thickness of 2 mm. The studies and researches have offered answers to the many problems that companies face. The quality of the products is the main attribute. In the first stage of the research, the unfolding of the flat parts was determined. A bending coefficient Kî was introduced in the calculation of the plane parts. The quality and precision of the parts was influenced by different variables: the temperature variation during the processes of punching and bending, vibrations of machines, tool usage, tolerance between the surface of the bending tools, their usage and the roughness of the metal sheet, the type of the material, the chemical composition, the degree of complexity and the number of bends, the movement between the piece and punching or bending tools and other variables. The calculation of the unfolded (flat parts) was a priority, as it must include the deformations caused by the bending operations. Bending coefficients Kî must compensate for deviations from the final dimensions of the metal products, because of the many variables that can adversely affect their execution. The quality and precision of the bent pieces, with a thickness of 2 mm, is the objective of this paper. The bending coefficient was obtained through experimental tests and measurements.
Designing and testing a stand used to simulate the dummy head impact with different surfaces using CAD software
Authors: Radu A I , Trusca D D , Toganel G R , Benea B C 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The aim of the paper was to design, assemble and test a stand used to analyse various crash scenarios for a crash test dummy head. This stand can be used to test the head impact with different surfaces, with or without a helmet, on soft or hard surfaces at different impact angles. The idea was to design the stand in the CAD software SolidWorks because this particular software has the feature of dynamic simulation of assemblies known as Motion Analysis. The results show that designing the stand was a success and the simulations show a good behaviour of the assembly with direct results generated in term of acceleration and force values obtained from the drop test of the head on a surface. Also, the surface can be adjusted for different impact angles and with different contact surfaces properties to extend the usability of the assembly.
Arduino based mobile robot controlled by voluntary eye-blinks using LabVIEW GUI & NeuroSky Mindwave Mobile Headset
Authors: Ruşanu O A , Cristea L , Luculescu M C 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This paper proposes an experimental system of a brain-computer interface aimed to use the voluntary eye-blinks detected across the EEG signal acquired from a NeuroSky headset to control the movement directions of a mobile robot. Bluetooth protocol was used to achieve the communication between a LabVIEW application and a program uploaded in an Arduino Mega board which controls the movement direction of a mobile robot. Three parallel algorithms were implemented using LabVIEW, one for the voluntary eye-blinks counting, one for switching across buttons and one for selection of a certain command. Transition across commands (stop, go forward, go backward, turn left, turn right) is executed by one voluntary eye-blink, while two intentional eye-blinks determine the selection of a specific command.
Intelligent speed control system for electric vehicle
Authors: Turcian D , Dolga V 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
An important topic nowadays is to have cars and roads that provide comfort and safety. Mechatronics systems are used to have this approach. The brake system is now base on an electronic stability system, the steering system is partly or fully automated and the speed is control by the cruise control system. The new target for the automotive industry is to create a car able to decide by itself on all actions related to safety and comfort – a fully automated vehicle. One of the most important innovations for autonomous driving is drive by the idea of connected cars: car2car and car2infrastructure. In the present paper, it is analysed a cruise control system based on communication technology. A simple prototype is build up using Arduino and modules for communication. To calibrate and parametrize the system, we use a Simulink model.
The conjugate profile of the circular teeth of a spur gear. Part I: Problem statement
Authors: Ciornei F C , Alaci S , Doroftei I 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The paper presents the manner of finding the conjugate profile of a circular tooth of a spur gear. A synthesis of the method of enveloping applied to the cam mechanisms is presented in order to relate it the profile of the spur gears. The main argument of employing cam mechanisms is the possibility of obtaining any follower law of motion using a minimum number of parts- the cam and the follower. In the case of the mechanisms with flat face follower, the cam is obtained as an envelope of successive positions of the follower. The gear mechanisms are a particular case of cam mechanisms. The major requirement imposed to this mechanism is to transmit the rotational motion between two shafts with a constant transmission ratio. From here it results that the profile a geared wheel can be completely identified when there are known the distance between the axes, the transmission ratio and the profile of one of the wheels. The most used curve as tooth flank is the involute of a circle, due to the fact that this curve has as conjugate curve an involute, too. Although the involute profiles are common in most of the technical appliances, there are cases when they cannot satisfy the functional constraints of certain devices. As example, in the mechanical watches technology, large transmission ratios are needed and the gears with small number of teeth are used as routine. But this necessity is better fulfilled by cycloidal profiles than the involute ones. The circular profiles for the spur gear are the oldest gears due to the simple profile. The exact conjugate profile of a circular tooth obtained by enveloping by means of dedicated software is presented.
The conjugate profile of the circular teeth of a spur gear. Part II: Problem solution
Authors: Alaci S , Ciornei F-C , Doroftei I 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The paper aims finding the conjugate profile of a circular profile tooth from a gear mechanism with fixed parallel axes and constant transmission ratio. There are presented three manners of attaining the goal. The first two methods are based on the general methodology of gear wheel toothing by envelope machining presented in the first part of the work, considering elementary mechanisms with fixed axes and then a planetary one. The last method is based on applying the Reuleaux’s fundamental law of gearing and has the advantage of obtaining both the conjugate profile of the gear with circular profile and the line of action which is useful in the study of gearing phenomena.
About some problems regarding IKP-DKP of a 9R planar parallel mechanism
Authors: Buium F , Leohchi D , Alaci S 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The paper presents some problems which might occur at different stages of the 9R(3RRR) planar mechanisms study (workspace characterizing, forward and direct kinematics, singularities analysis). At each of this stage, it has been identified certain problem which can occur and that need more attention and effort to be solved. In the paper classical methods, and formulas, known from technical literature, have been used, but occurred situations was depicted detailed and illustrated by graphical representations.
Modeling and analysis of some planar deployable mechanisms. Part 2: curvilinear bar mechanisms
Authors: Doroftei I A , Bujoreanu C , Doroftei I 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Research in deployable structures increased in the last decade, due to the need of building structures that can change their shape or functionality in response to varying of different aspects: climatic conditions, environment, functional requirements or emergency situations. Depending on how the transformation is doing, transformable structures can be deployable or demountable, as a kit-parts system. These structures can be classified in four main groups: structures based on spatial articulated bar mechanisms; foldable plate structures; tensegrity structures; and membrane structures. In this paper, some geometric design aspects of curvilinear bar mechanisms are discussed and a curvilinear structure mechanism is proposed. More results on the geometric design, dimensional synthesis and simulation of this scissor structural mechanism will be presented in future work.
A study of biomechanical model of seated human body exposed to vertical vibrations
Authors: Oncescu A T , Tarnita D , Bolcu D , Malciu R 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This paper presents a human biomechanical model with 4 degrees of freedom of a human body in a car seat with backrest exposed to vertical vibrations. The proposed model has been analysed for five various values of radian frequency as numerical input data, and the results were compared with the results obtained for similar models in the published literature. In the biodynamic analyses the model was simplified to linear system to reduce the complexity of analytical and numerical simulations.
Design and virtual model of an exoskeleton for lower limb rehabilitation
Authors: Petcu A , Tarnita D , Tarnita D N 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In this paper the design and the virtual model of an exoskeleton for human lower limb rehabilitation is developed. The proposed exoskeleton is anthropomorphic, low cost and easy to adapt on the human subject. The design aspect concerns the exoskeleton mechatronic structure achieved in Solid Works virtual environment. In order to realize the multibody model, the virtual spatial model of a human mannequin developed in SolidWorks was transferred to the ADAMS database. The movement laws experimentally collected are introduced in each of the 6 rotational joints of the both lower limbs. Simulation of the mannequin walking is performed.
The influence of track characteristics on the stresses introduced in operation in the frame of the electric locomotive class 43, EC 3400 kW
Authors: Alexandrov M , Goanta V , Apostol D , Blanari I 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In order to carry out maintenance in accordance with the state of the system, the locomotives in operation should be equipped with a system to monitor the main parameters and characteristics of safe operation and minimum risk. This work presents the method of determining the strains and influencing the configuration of the track on specific strains in the case of operation of the electric locomotive class 43, 3400 kW (4620 hp). Two tensometric rosettes with three strain gauges each, from which signals were taken when the electric locomotive operated in operation on a set route, with a trainset. The area in which the transducers were installed was determined by a previous analysis of the locomotive beat. The signals taken from the tensometric transducers were processed by obtaining the main stresses from the assembly points of the brands. The results obtained, i.e. the main stresses were correlated with the geometric configuration of the rail.
Influence of geometric elements on the pressure distribution and the state of tension at non-Hertzian wheel-rail contact
Authors: Blanari I , Goanţă V , Alexandrov M 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In view of the trends of increased traffic speeds, increase axle load, but also the reduction of the losses of material from the wheel and rail due to wear phenomena, the appearance of undulating wear, fractures of the wheel and rail, it is necessary to know the pressure distribution and the state of tension at wheel-rail contact. This can be obtained either by the finite element method (FEM). Using an elastic body modelling, a very rapid FEA model was obtained for solving the pressure distribution at concentrated wheel-rail contact, for real surfaces, modelling absolutely necessary for any study requiring analysis of the state of tension at such a request, for different situations of this interaction, modifying only the input data: geometric model of wheel and rail, longitudinal elasticity modulus, transverse contraction coefficient, load on wheel, etc.
Some aspects regarding the influence of humidity on the tensile characteristics of GFRP composite material
Authors: Morăraş C , Barsanescu P D , Tugui C A 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Composite materials have experienced great development in recent years, replacing traditional materials. Designed as metastructures, their properties recommend them in different fields, from sports materials to those in aeronautic and energy industries. In combinations of metallic layers or composites based on carbon/glass fibers, the properties of these materials allowed both the miniaturization of devices and the construction of large lightweight components. The paper aims to present the results of the tensile evaluation of the glass fiber reinforced plastics (GFRP), used in the construction of wind turbine blades. The blades are the most critical components of the wind turbines, being exposed to the damage and the defects that appear during operation can lead to the loss of the integrity of the blade structure. In order to increase the lifetime and to study the defects during operation, tensile tests were performed to determine the mechanical properties on a dry specimen, reinforced at [0 ° / 90 °], and the results obtained were compared with two specimens subjected to immersion in water for 14 and 21 days, two other specimens were immersed in seawater (Black Sea) for 14 and 21 days and one specimen was immersed in liquid nitrogen for 4 days.