bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Insights into population genetics, connectivity and demographic history of the longnosed skate Dipturus oxyrinchus (Linnaeus, 1758) in the western Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Melis Riccardo , Vacca Laura , Bellodi Andrea , Cau Alessandro , Porcu Cristina , Follesa Maria Cristina , Cannas Rita 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Genetic information is crucial for the conservation of Dipturus oxyrinchus (Linnaeus, 1758), a threatened large skate with declining populations over most of its geographical range. The main aim of the present study was to investigate the genetic structure, connectivity and demographic history of the longnosed skate in Sardinia (western Mediterranean Sea).
Patterns of population structure were assessed in 175 specimens from six sampling sites. Variation in two mitochondrial genes (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and control region) highlighted high genetic diversity and low but significant genetic differentiation among sites, which clustered into three groups corresponding to the north‐west, north‐east and south Sardinian coasts.
The observed genetic structuring could presumably depend on a combination of past geological events, contemporary restrictions to dispersal and biological characteristics of the species (e.g. site‐fidelity, no pelagic larval stage, limited dispersal of juveniles and/or adults).
Demographic analyses showed signs of past population expansion, but substantial current stability of Sardinian populations. From a conservation perspective, these results are encouraging, and indicate that Sardinian populations are still large and stable, and seem not to have suffered negative side‐effects from the ever‐growing fishing pressure in the region.
The occurrence of genetic structuring strongly supported the close monitoring of populations to identify any erosion of their gene pool, and high genetic variability of the Sardinian D. oxyrinchus populations could thus represent priority populations for conservation purposes, providing potential sources for recolonization in cases of local extinctions in other areas of the distribution range of the species.
When the sequences from Sardinia were compared with those available from other areas, the data seem to exclude the possibility that the Atlantic and Mediterranean host totally isolated populations or even different species, as recently suggested. However, additional markers and a larger sampling sites are needed to confirm these findings.
Biopolymer/Glycopolypeptide‐Blended Scaffolds: Synthesis, Characterization and Cellular Interactions
Authors: Dhaware Vinita , Díaz Díaz David , Sen Gupta Sayam 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThree‐dimensional (3D) scaffolds formed from natural biopolymers gelatin and chitosan that are chemically modified by galactose have shown improved hepatocyte adhesion, spheroid geometry and functions of the hepatocytes. Galactose specifically binds to the hepatocytes via the asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR) and an increase in galactose density further improves the hepatocyte proliferation and functions. In this work, we aimed to increase the galactose density within the biopolymeric scaffold by physically blending the biopolymers chitosan and gelatin with an amphiphlic β‐galactose polypeptide (PPO‐GP). PPO‐GP, is a di‐block copolymer with PPO and β‐galactose polypeptide, exhibits lower critical solution temperature and is entrapped within the scaffold through hydrophobic interactions. The uniform distribution of PPO‐GP within the scaffold was confirmed by fluorescence microscopy. SEM and mechanical testing of the hybrid scaffolds indicated pore size, inter connectivity and compression modulus similar to the scaffolds made from 100 % biopolymer. The presence of the PPO‐GP on the surface of the scaffold was tested monitoring the interaction of an analogous mannose containing PPO‐GP scaffold and the mannose binding lectin Con‐A. In vitro cell culture experiments with HepG2 cells were performed on GLN‐GP and CTS‐GP and their cellular response was compared with GLN and CTS scaffolds for a period of seven days. Within three days of culture the Hep G2 cells formed multicellular spheroids on GLN‐GP and CTS‐GP more efficiently than on the GLN and CTS scaffolds. The multicellular spheroids were also found to infiltrate more in GLN‐GP and CTS‐GP scaffolds and able to maintain their round morphology as observed by live/dead and SEM imaging.
Core‐Shell Structured Layered Lanthanide‐Organic Complexes with Stilbazolium‐type Dye Encapsulation for Multifunctional Performances
Authors: Zhao Li‐Ming , Shen Xia‐Qiang , Liu Qian , Wu Wei , Li Hao‐Hong , Chen Zhi‐Rong , Li Yi 
Published: November 2019

AbstractHost‐guest encapsulation of functional organic dye into a porous metal‐organic framework can give rise to the development of new functional materials. In this work, by intercalating the stilbazolium‐type dye (DEAST)I (4′‐diethylamino‐N‐methyl stilbazolium) into four lanthanide layered metal‐organic complexes (Ln‐LMOCs), i. e. {[Ln(BTB)(H2O)2]⋅3(DMF)⋅2(H2O)}n (Ln=La (1), Nd (2), Sm (3), Er (4)), four responsive (DEAST)I@Ln‐LMOC composites have been prepared, serving as multifunctional performance platform. The core–shell structures of (DEAST)I@Ln‐LMOC composites have been fully characterized by IR, UV/Vis, PXRD, SEM, TEM, TGA and ESR. Significantly, after intercalation of dyes, the (DEAST)I@Ln‐LMOC composites exhibit enhanced luminescent sensing properties in detecting Fe3+ with much higher water stabilities. The luminescent sensing behavior stems from the fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) from the π‐electron‐rich BTB ligands to the Fe3+, and their higher water stabilities are induced by electrostatic interactions and lower porosity. Specially, the characteristic emissions of Sm3+ will not be affected after the encapsulation guest dyes, which provide a theoretical guide for the modulation of luminescence devices. Finally, better ion conductivities and diminished photocurrents can be achieved after the embedding of the functional organic dye. In all, the formation of (DEAST)I@Ln‐LMOC composites with core–shell structures can be utilized as a multifunctional platform with good stability.
Oral microbial community composition is associated with pancreatic cancer: A case‐control study in Iran
Authors: Vogtmann Emily , Han Yongli , Caporaso J. Gregory , Bokulich Nicholas , Mohamadkhani Ashraf , Moayyedkazemi Alireza , Hua Xing , Kamangar Farin , Wan Yunhu , Suman Shalabh , Zhu Bin , Hutchinson Amy , Dagnall Casey , Jones Kristine , Hicks Belynda , Shi Jianxin , Malekzadeh Reza , Abnet Christian C. , Pourshams Akram 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundOral microbiota may be related to pancreatic cancer risk because periodontal disease, a condition linked to multiple specific microbes, has been associated with increased risk of pancreatic cancer. We evaluated the association between oral microbiota and pancreatic cancer in Iran.MethodsA total of 273 pancreatic adenocarcinoma cases and 285 controls recruited from tertiary hospitals and a specialty clinic in Tehran, Iran provided saliva samples and filled out a questionnaire regarding demographics and lifestyle characteristics. DNA was extracted from saliva and the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was PCR amplified and sequenced on the MiSeq. The sequencing data were processed using the DADA2 plugin in QIIME 2 and taxonomy was assigned against the Human Oral Microbiome Database. Logistic regression and MiRKAT models were calculated with adjustment for potential confounders.ResultsNo association was observed for alpha diversity with an average of 91.11 (standard deviation [SD] 2.59) sequence variants for cases and 89.42 (SD 2.58) for controls. However, there was evidence for an association between beta diversity and case status. The association between the Bray‐Curtis dissimilarity and pancreatic cancer was particularly strong with a MiRKAT P‐value of .000142 and specific principal coordinate vectors had strong associations with cancer risk. Several specific taxa were also associated with case status after adjustment for multiple comparisons.ConclusionThe overall microbial community appeared to differ between pancreatic cancer cases and controls. Whether these reflect differences evident before development of pancreatic cancer will need to be evaluated in prospective studies.
Three‐liquid‐phase Spinning Reactor for the Transaminase‐catalyzed Synthesis and Recovery of a Chiral Amine
Authors: Matassa Claudia , Ormerod Dominic , Bornscheuer Uwe T. , Höhne Matthias , Satyawali Yamini 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA device for the transaminase‐catalysed synthesis combined with continuous recovery of chiral amines was designed. The system enabled the separation of the reaction components in three liquid phases: a reaction phase, an organic solvent phase (where the poorly water soluble ketone substrate was supplied), and an aqueous extraction phase for continuous product recovery. The transaminase‐mediated asymmetric synthesis of (S)‐1‐methyl‐3‐phenylpropylamine was employed as model reaction. Factors influencing the performance of the system, such as reactor geometry, working volumes and operating parameters, were investigated. Specifically, reaction yield and product recovery were enhanced by i) reducing the thickness of the reaction phase, while continuously stirring and ii) reducing the volume of the extraction phase. Under the optimal condition tested, 85 % of the product formed was extracted and a product concentration value of 9 g/L was reached. However, co‐extraction of the unreacted amine donor (17 %) was observed. Advantages and drawbacks of this process compared to existing technologies, as well as possible optimization strategies are discussed.
Ni−Fe (Oxy)hydroxide Modified Graphene Additive Manufactured (3D‐Printed) Electrochemical Platforms as an Efficient Electrocatalyst for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: dos Santos Pãmyla L. , Rowley‐Neale Samuel J. , Ferrari Alejandro G.‐M. , Bonacin Juliano A. , Banks Craig E. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe demonstrate that polylactic acid (PLA)/graphene additive manufactured (3D‐printed) electrodes (Gr/AMEs) electrodeposited with Ni−Fe (oxy)hydroxide can efficiently catalyse the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) depth profiling combined with Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Tip Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (TERS) deduced the composition and depth of the Ni−Fe (oxy)hydroxide layer. The composition of the resulting electrocatalytic surfaces are tailored through altering the concentrations of nickel and iron within the electrodeposited solutions, which give rise to optimised AMEs OER performance (within 0.1 M KOH). The optimal OER performance was observed from a Ni−Fe (oxy)hydroxide with a 10 % content of Fe, which displayed an OER onset potential and overpotential of+1.47 V (vs. RHE) and 519 mV, respectively. These values arecomparable to that of polycrystalline Iridium (+ 1.43 V (vs. RHE) and ca. 413 mV), as well as being significantly less electropositive than a bare/unmodified AME. This work is essential for those designing, fabricating and modulating additive manufactured electrodes.
Molecular Transformation to Pyrroles, Pentafulvenes, and Pyrrolopyridines by [2+2] Cycloaddition of Propargylamines with Tetracyanoethylene
Authors: Shoji Taku , Takagaki Sho , Ariga Yukino , Yamazaki Akari , Takeuchi Mutsumi , Ohta Akira , Sekiguchi Ryuta , Mori Shigeki , Okujima Tetsuo , Ito Shunji 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn this paper, we describe an efficient and atom‐economical synthesis of highly functionalized pyrroles, pentafulvenes, and pyrrolopyridines by [2+2] cycloaddition–retroelectrocyclization of N‐substituted propargylamines with tetracyanoethylene, followed by the treatment of the resulting tetracyanobutadiene derivatives with silica gel. In this reaction, silica gel plays an important role to promote the intramolecular cyclization to afford the heterocyclic products from the tetracyanobutadiene intermediates. The products were obtained selectively depending on the substituent on the nitrogen atom of the starting propargylamines.
Mehr als 200 gute Gründe für das Stillen
Authors: Breuer Michael , Weingarten Melanie 
Published: November 2019

ZusammenfassungMuttermilch ist eine beeindruckende „biologische Flüssigkeit“, die sich über Millionen von Jahren zu einer entscheidenden Ernährungs‐ und Immunschutzquelle für Säuglinge entwickelt hat. Die funktionalen humanen Milcholigosaccharide (HMO) der menschlichen Muttermilch sind in Struktur und Zusammensetzung weitaus komplexer als die der Milch vieler anderer Säugetierspezies. Die Forschung nach den Ursachen, warum der Mensch unter Energieeinsatz solch eine Vielfalt an HMO produziert, ist hochaktuell und hat gerade in den letzten zehn Jahren an Bedeutung gewonnen. Moderne Synthesemethoden ermöglichen den Zugang zu einer Vielzahl an HMO – auch, um die Struktur‐Aktivitäts‐Wechselwirkungen aufzuklären. Die industrielle Produktion einzelner HMO wurde bereits entwickelt, Zulassungen für die Zugabe erster HMO in Säuglingsmilchnahrungen wurden erteilt und die ersten Produkte sind auf dem Markt erhältlich. Damit wurde in den letzten zehn Jahren ein wichtiger Schritt gemacht, die Zusammensetzung moderner Säuglingsmilchnahrungen weiter an das natürliche Original anzunähern.Stillen ist dennoch nach wie vor der Goldstandard für die Babyernährung, denn es gibt mehr als 200 gute (HMO)‐Gründe für das Stillen.
Hypocrellin Derivative‐Loaded Calcium Phosphate Nanorods as NIR Light‐Triggered Phototheranostic Agents with Enhanced Tumor Accumulation for Cancer Therapy
Authors: Wang Hongyi , Jia Qingyan , Liu Weimin , Nan Fuchun , Zheng Xiuli , Ding Ying , Ren Haohui , Wu Jiasheng , Ge Jiechao 
Published: November 2019

AbstractDopamine modified hypocrellin B (DAHB) derivative‐loaded calcium phosphate nanorods (DAHB@CaP NRs) were prepared as a novel phototheranostic agent for effective tumor imaging and therapy. DAHB@CaP NRs were obtained through microwave treatment using DAHB, CaCl2, NH3⋅H2O, and H3PO4 as precursors. The DAHB@CaP NRs possessed the following advantages: 1) efficient absorption in the near‐infrared (NIR) region from 650 nm to 800 nm; 2) maximum NIR emission at approximately 735 nm; 3) enhanced cellular uptake efficiency in vitro and in vivo; and 4) efficient inhibition of tumor growth and low biotoxicity. These properties indicate the high capability of DAHB@CaP NRs for NIR fluorescence (FL) imaging‐guided photodynamic therapy of cancer, thus offering promising new prospects for clinical applications.
Benzodioxane‐Benzamides as Antibacterial Agents: Computational and SAR Studies to Evaluate the Influence of the 7‐Substitution in FtsZ Interaction
Authors: Straniero Valentina , Sebastián‐Pérez Victor , Hrast Martina , Zanotto Carlo , Casiraghi Andrea , Suigo Lorenzo , Zdovc Irena , Radaelli Antonia , De Giuli Morghen Carlo , Valoti Ermanno 
Published: November 2019

AbstractFtsZ is a crucial prokaryotic protein involved in bacterial cell replication. It recently arose as a promising target in the search for antimicrobial agents able to fight antimicrobial resistance. In this work, going on with our structure‐activity relationship (SAR) study, we developed variously 7‐substituted 1,4‐benzodioxane compounds, linked to the 2,6‐difluorobenzamide by a methylenoxy bridge. Compounds exhibit promising antibacterial activities not only against multidrug‐resistantStaphylococcus aureus, but also on mutatedEscherichia colistrains, thus enlarging their spectrum of action toward Gram‐negative bacteria as well. Computational studies elucidated, through a validated FtsZ binding protocol, the structural features of new promising derivatives as FtsZ inhibitors.
The impact of new systemic therapies on survival and time on hormonal treatment in hormone receptor–positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2–negative metastatic breast cancer: A population‐based study in British Columbia from 2003 to 2013
Authors: Le Dan , Speers Caroline , Thompson Leigh , Gondara Lovedeep , Nichol Alan , Lohrisch Caroline 
Published: November 2019

BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to determine whether new systemic therapy regimens have resulted in improved survival and increased time on first‐ and second‐line hormonal treatment for patients with hormone receptor (HR)–positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC) over time.MethodsPatients diagnosed with HR‐positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)–negative MBC were identified across 3 time cohorts (2003‐2005, 2007‐2009, and 2011‐2013). Data were prospectively collected. Cases with previous, synchronous, or subsequent contralateral breast cancer were excluded. The types of first‐ and second‐line therapies, the times on first‐ and second‐line hormonal treatment, and the median survival times were compared across the cohorts.ResultsWithin the time period analyzed, 9 new adjuvant systemic therapies (with or without neoadjuvant therapy) and 2 metastatic systemic therapies were approved at BC Cancer for the treatment of HR‐positive, HER2‐negative MBC. In the 3 time cohorts, 3953 patients diagnosed with MBC were identified. Among the 2432 patients (62%) who had HR‐positive/HER2‐negative disease, 2197 (90%) received at least 1 line of systemic therapy after the diagnosis of MBC, and 80% of these patients (1752 of 2197) received first‐ and/or second‐line hormonal treatment. The median duration on hormonal treatment was 9.0 months for the first line and 6.1 months for the second line. The durations were similar across the time cohorts (range for the first line, 8.9‐9.0 months; range for the second line, 6.0‐6.1 months). The median survival for the entire study population was 2.0 years (95% confidence interval, 1.8‐2.1 years), and there was no significant difference between the cohorts (range, 1.9‐2.0 years).ConclusionsEven though more adjuvant and metastatic systemic therapies have been approved since 2003, population‐level gains in survival and the time on hormonal treatment for patients with HR‐positive, HER2‐negative MBC have not been made over the course of a decade.
Malignancy risk for solitary and multiple nodules in Hürthle cell–predominant thyroid fine‐needle aspirations: A multi‐institutional study
Authors: Wong Kristine S. , Jo Vickie Y. , Lowe Alarice C. , Faquin William C. , Renshaw Andrew A. , Shah Akeesha A. , Roh Michael H. , Stelow Edward B. , Krane Jeffrey F. 
Published: November 2019

BackgroundHürthle cell metaplasia is common in hyperplastic nodules, particularly within the setting of lymphocytic thyroiditis (LT). The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology indicates that it is acceptable to classify Hürthle cell–predominant fine‐needle aspiration (HC FNA) specimens as atypia of undetermined significance (AUS) rather than suspicious for a Hürthle cell neoplasm (HUR) within the setting of multiple nodules or known LT. The goal of the current study was to address whether this approach is justified.MethodsHC FNA specimens were identified and correlated with ultrasound and surgical pathology reports if available. Multinodularity was determined based on findings on macroscopic examination if imaging results were unavailable.ResultsA total of 698 HC FNA specimens were identified, including 576 resected nodules, 455 of which (79%) were benign. The overall risk of malignancy for HUR was 27%, whereas the risk of malignancy for AUS was 10%. The mean size of the benign nodules was 2.1 cm on surgical resection specimens, with multiple nodules noted in 293 cases (64%) and histologic LT noted in 116 cases (25%). The mean size of the malignant nodules was 2.8 cm, with multiple nodules and histologic LT noted in 74 cases (61%) and 22 cases (18%), respectively. The malignancy rate did not differ between solitary or multiple nodules (P = .52) or in the presence or absence of LT (P = .12). However, size did significantly differ between malignant and benign nodules (P < 0.01).ConclusionsThe malignancy rate did not differ significantly in the presence of multiple nodules or LT, although the latter demonstrated a statistical trend. A diagnosis of AUS over HUR based solely on the presence of multinodularity is not warranted.
Could worry and rumination mediate relationships between self‐compassion and psychological distress in breast cancer survivors?
Authors: Brown Stephen L. , Hughes Maria , Campbell Sophie , Cherry M. Gemma 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMany breast cancer (BCa) patients experience clinically significant anxiety and depression in survivorship. Self‐compassion offers a bulwark to anxiety and depression in nonclinical, mental health, and some chronic physical health populations. We examined whether self‐compassion predicted lower anxiety and depression symptoms in survivors and whether this might be mediated by lower worry and rumination. The design was a cross‐sectional survey using self‐report measures. Female adult BCa survivors of mixed stages who had finished primary surgical, radiotherapy, or chemotherapy treatments completed self‐compassion subscales and worry, rumination, and anxiety and depression scales. Higher self‐compassion subscale scores were negatively associated with anxiety and depression. Depressive brooding and worry mediated any effects of self‐kindness and mindfulness on depression and anxiety, whereas common humanity directly predicted lower depression scores. Findings are consistent with the view that self‐compassion reduces threat‐related rumination and worry in BCa survivors, consequently reducing anxiety and depression. This may form a basis for prevention and treatment.
Bisulfone‐Functionalized Organic Polymer Photocatalysts for High‐Performance Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Shu Chang , Zhao Yongbo , Zhang Chong , Gao Xiaomin , Ma Wenyan , Ren Shi‐Bin , Wang Feng , Chen Yu , Zeng Jing Hui , Jiang Jia‐Xing 
Published: November 2019

AbstractConjugated polymers show great potential in the application of photocatalysis, particularly for the photoreduction reaction of water to generate hydrogen. Molecular structure design is a key part for building a high‐performance organic photocatalyst. Herein, two bisulfone‐containing conjugated polymer photocatalysts were constructed with 1D or 3D polymer structures, and the effect of polymer geometry on photocatalytic activity was studied. It was found that the linear polymer PySEO‐1 exhibited increased photocatalytic performance compared with the 3D polymer network PySEO‐2 because the enhanced coplanarity of the polymeric chain in PySEO‐1 promoted the photogenerated charge‐carrier transmission along the 1D main chain. As a result, an attractive hydrogen generation rate of 9477 μmol h−1 g−1 was obtained with PySEO‐1 under broadband light irradiation. PySEO‐1 also exhibited a high external quantum efficiency of 4.1 % at an incident light wavelength of 400 nm, demonstrating that the bisulfone‐containing polymers are attractive as organic photocatalysts for hydrogen production.