bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epidemiology, treatment and outcomes of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms
Authors: Uhlig Johannes , Nie James , Gibson Joanna , Cecchini Michael , Stein Stacey , Lacy Jill , Kunz Pamela , Kim Hyun S. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractTo investigate incidence, treatment patterns and outcomes of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP-NEN) in the United States. The 2019 National Cancer Database was searched for adult GEP-NEN patients. Main outcomes included overall and site-specific incidence, treatment patterns, and overall survival (OS). Overall survival was evaluated using averaged Cox regression. 86,324 GEP-NEN patients were included (6.33% of all GEP malignancies). From 2004 to 2016, annual GEP-NEN cases increased (n = 4,010 to n = 9,379), largely driven by low-stage, low-grade disease. Most patients received surgery, either alone (72.9%) or in combination with systemic therapy (4.9%). Longest overall survival (OS) was evident in patients with low stage and low grade GEP-NEN of the small intestine and rectum (p < 0.001). Patients undergoing surgical resection demonstrated longest OS. The addition of systemic therapy was most effective in high stage G3 NEN. Having higher income (≥$63,333) and private insurance or Medicare, but not Medicaid, was associated with improved survival. GEP-NEN incidence increases, likely due to improved detection and diagnosis. Treatment patterns have evolved to follow the latest international guidelines and site-specific improvement in survival is noted. In addition to disease specific factors, insurance access and socioeconomic factors emerged as potential targets for improving outcomes.
Residual based tilt tri‐rotor UAV actuator fault detection using TSK fuzzy model
Authors: He Guang , Bao Yi , Xin Liang , Long Zhiqiang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractUndetected actuator faults on tilt tri‐rotor UAVs can lead to system failures and uncontrolled crashes. Multiple flight modes result in complex models with strong nonlinearity, making fault detection of their actuators a very challenging task. To address this issue, this article proposes a fault detection method based on residual generated by using TSK fuzzy model. Initially, the flight modes of the tilt tri‐rotor UAV are modeled as the TSK fuzzy model. Following this, the residual generator is employed for rapid detection of actuator failures. To enhance detection accuracy, the kernel principal component analysis (KPCA) algorithm is used for a secondary confirmation. The proposed algorithm was validated using both a simulation platform and real flight data. The results demonstrate that the fault detection algorithm achieves high accuracy and real‐time performance, with a computing time of approximately 41 ms in real controller hardware, thus meeting the requirements of practical applications.
Analysis and calculation of electromagnetic force of stator winding and damping bar during dynamic loading of pumped storage generator/motor
Authors: Tao Dajun , Dai Xu , Ge Baojun , Li Guifen , Hu Gang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractFrequently and rapidly dynamic conversion is one of the main differences between pumped‐storage motor and general hydro‐generator. In the process of changing operating conditions, in order to achieve fast dynamic conversion, the loading rate requirement of pumped storage motors is often much higher than that of conventional generators, which brings great impact on the key structural components of generators, it affects the safe operating life of motors directly. To solve the impact of dynamic loading rate on key structural components of pumped storage motors, for a pumped storage motor as an example, investigating different loading rates during the dynamic conversion of two main operating conditions on pumped storage motors (power generation and electric power) of pumped storage motors are investigated. Calculating accurately the distribution laws of electromagnetic forces of key structural components which contains stator tooth walls and damping strips during dynamic loading. The results show that the different loading rates will affect the force distribution of the key position directly, under the condition of generator state and motor state, the distribution of force on stator winding and damping bar present different laws, it will provide reference for the determination of multi‐state conversion loading rate of pumped storage motor and the improvement of pumped storage motor structure scheme.
An efficient no‐reference image quality analysis based on statistical perceptual features
Authors: Al Sameera B. N. , Gaidhane Vilas H. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIt is well known that image quality needs to be measured with human perception in many computer vision applications. However, these approaches are expensive and require more time for image quality analysis. Therefore, this paper proposes a robust and computationally efficient objective‐mathematical model based on statistical perceptual features. The structural and textural features are computed using the modified regularized heaviside local binary pattern (RH‐LBP) approach and the concept of entropy. The higher‐order probability coefficients of images are considered to extract features that are highly correlated to the human visual system features. Further, the additivity property of Renyi entropy is used to show the randomness of the information combining two terms: One extracts the images spatial intensity changes, and therefore their texture qualities, and the other attain structural details. The features in the proposed approach are jointly optimized to achieve better robustness, monotonicity and match human assessments on image quality, while minimizing the computational complexity and run time. Experiments are conducted with three synthetically distorted datasets, KonIQ‐10K, BIQ2021, and LIVE (wild), and two intentionally distorted datasets, TID2013 and CSIQ and are used to evaluate performance index. The proposed method offers competitive performance compared with state‐of‐the‐art methods.
Deep learning‐based barrier‐function super‐twisting sliding mode control for integrating renewables in smart grid
Authors: Armghan Hammad , Xu Yinliang , Xue Yixun , Ali Naghmash 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis study presents a two‐step controller design for integrating wind and photovoltaic energy systems into the smart grid. In the first stage, an enhanced deep neural network (DNN), optimised by particle swarm optimisation and a genetic algorithm, is employed to generate maximum power point (MPP) targets for both wind and solar systems. The DNN incorporates advanced features like hyperparameter tuning, softmax attention, dropout, and early stopping to improve prediction accuracy and prevent overfitting. In the second stage, a barrier‐function‐based adaptive super‐twisting sliding mode controller is developed to track the MPP and maintain stable DC bus voltage. This controller effectively reduces chattering and operates without requiring detailed knowledge of disturbance limits. The proposed design aims to maximise power extraction, ensure DC bus voltage stability, and enable smooth power delivery to the grid. MATLAB simulations and real‐time hardware testing validate the controller's performance, demonstrating significant improvements over traditional methods.
2.12 Industrial Applications of Fluorine Chemistry in Plasma Etch Gases
Authors: Kirsch P. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractReactive ion etching is a key technology in the production of advanced semiconductor devices with a resolution of down to sub-10-nm scales. Depending on the exact application, NF3, SF6 as well as complex fluoro(hydro)carbons are used to generate a plasma consisting of ions and other reactive species which converts silicon and its derivatives into volatile compounds. Recently, the development objectives of new etch gases have moved from pure performance to a more complex set of properties including low global warming potential (GWP) and compliance with regulation on fluoroorganic compounds (PFAS). The structure of fluorinated etch gases with low GWP incorporates chemically "weak spots" facilitating atmospheric degradation. The fragmentation in the energetic plasma environment can be predicted by computational methods, enabling the optimization of the ion composition for high etch rate or selectivity between different materials.
On the Schrödinger–Bopp–Podolsky system: Ground state and least energy nodal solutions with nonsmooth nonlinearity
Authors: Bahrouni Anouar , Missaoui Hlel 
Published: December 2024

In this paper, we investigate a new class of Schrödinger–Bopp–Podolsky systems. Using minimization techniques and the concept of generalized subdifferentials, we establish the existence of a ground state solution with a fixed sign as well as a least energy nodal solution for the system. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the energy of the nodal solution is precisely twice that of the ground state solution.
Reproductive biology of African river prawn, Macrobrachium vollenhoveni (Herklots, 1857) in major watersheds in Benin (West Africa): a baseline approach for artisanal fisheries
Authors: Koussovi Guillaume , Houssou Arsène M. , Adjahouinou Dogbè C. , Niass Farokh , López Greco Laura , García-Guerrero Marcelo U. , Cortés-Jacinto Edilmar , Montchowui Elie 
Published: December 2024

Context Macrobrachium vollenhoveni (Herklots), a freshwater prawn native to Africa, is crucial for aquaculture and subsistence fishing. However, limited data exist on its reproductive biology in Benin’s water bodies. Aims This research aimed to explore the breeding season, size at sexual maturity, fecundity and reproductive output of M. vollenhoveni. Methods Prawns were sampled monthly from May 2015 to October 2016. In total, 1567 females of M. vollenhoveni were collected from the lower Ouémé (864 prawns) and the lower Mono (703 prawns). Key results Findings showed that gonadal maturation starts in March, with peaks in July. Then spawning occurs from July to September, and even October. In both environments, ovigerous females (prawns carrying fertilised eggs in incubation) were frequently captured from July to October, with a maximum proportion in August and September. The spawning period for the two prawn populations in both sampled areas matched with an increase in water volume, salinity and pH. The size at sexual maturity was 8.48-cm total length (TL) for the lower Ouémé population, whereas in lower Mono, it was 9.00 cm TL. Absolute fecundity ranged from 3925 to 31,408 eggs in lower Mono and from 4871 to 25,902 eggs in lower Ouémé. The reproductive output was 12.87% for Mono and 11.94% for Ouémé. Conclusions and implications This research is the first one on the reproductive biology of M. vollenhoveni in Benin and provides vital data for sustainable fishery management of this prawn species in the watersheds throughout the country.
Linguistics is for everyone
Authors: DeLisi Jessica 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Introducing students to linguistics before they embark on their undergraduate studies can increase awareness and
interest in the field. After documenting my ultimately unsuccessful attempts at creating a standalone course in linguistics at an
independent school in Los Angeles, CA, I discuss how I have successfully incorporated linguistics lessons into both my elective
classes in the Latin language and my core course in world history. I will show that high school students, particularly older
students in advanced classes, are capable of sophisticated linguistic analysis approaching the level of undergraduate student work
if they are given proper training. Their progress in the field of linguistics is limited only by the number of hours available to
dedicate to linguistics activities in an already packed curriculum. By introducing students to the field of linguistics early in
their high school career and revisiting these skills as frequently as possible over the course of four years, I have found that
they are more likely to enroll in linguistics classes at the undergraduate level.
Enhancing oyster mushroom growth and yield using air gliding arc discharge
Authors: Chalise Roshan , Lamichhane Prajwal , Niure Deepak , Klam Khan Abdul , Sharma Sangat , Basnet Suresh , Lamichhane Pradeep , Raj Acharya Tirtha , Khanal Raju 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Oyster mushroom cultivation can be hindered by slow budding and low yield. This study explored the potential of atmospheric pressure gliding arc discharge plasma to address these challenges. Two types (direct and indirect) of plasma treatment methods were applied to the mushroom spawn and straw, and plasma-activated water in the growth environment in oyster mushrooms. Physicochemical characterization of plasma-activated water revealed increased conductivity, oxidation-reduction potential, nitrate/nitrite levels, and hydrogen peroxide with longer treatment times, and decreased pH of water. Plasma-treated spawn exhibited faster budding and earlier colonization compared to others. The longest stem was observed in spawn exposed to plasma. Mushrooms produced with a spawn treatment, straw, and plasma-activated water spray have positively influenced production and biological efficiency. Therefore, compared to the control spawn, the production of mushroom spawn treated with plasma increased nearly 1.5 times. Overall, plasma treatment enhanced mushroom development and yield, indicating its positive impact on oyster growth.
Lepton flavor violating decays

Z
⃗

l

i

±

l

j

∓

in the B-L Supersymmetric Standard Model
Authors: Huo Jia-Peng , Dong Xing-Xing , Ma Jiao , Zhao Shu-Min , Guo Cai , Zhang Hai-Bin , Yang Jin-Lei , Feng Tai-Fu 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Lepton flavor violation (LFV) represents a clear new physics (NP) signal beyond the Standard Model (SM). In this paper, we study LFV decay

Z
→

l

i

±

l

j

∓

with

l

i

−

representing the lepton and

l

i

+

representing the antilepton in the B-L Supersymmetric Standard Model (B-LSSM). We calculate these processes separately in the mass eigenstate basis and the electroweak interaction basis, and for the latter adopt the mass insertion approximation (MIA) method. The effect of the LFV decays

Z
→

l

i

±

l

j

∓

changing with parameters can be shown clearly at the analytic level by the MIA, which provides a new way for us to analyze the LFV processes. At the same time, the corresponding constraints from the LFV decays

l

j

−

→

l

i

−

γ

and (g − 2)
μ
are considered to analyze the numerical results.
Context-enhanced YOLOv5s for accurate apple detection in complex natural environments
Authors: Hui Yongyong , Zhao Chunyu , Song Zhaoyang , Zhao Xiaoqiang 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Object detection in natural environments is a critical challenge for agricultural automation, particularly for small and occluded targets such as apples among foliage. We propose an innovative detection framework CSFN-YOLOv5s. Firstly, the context augmentation module-spatial pyramid pooling faster cross stage partial channel structure is constructed to introduce additional background and context information, so that the model can understand the image data more deeply and improve its robustness and generalization ability. Secondly, four detection layers are applied to obtain finer-grained feature expression and smaller receptive field, which improves the precision of small target detection by finely capturing the details. Thirdly, normalized wasserstein distance is used to mitigate the sensitivity for small object localization errors, showing a significant improvement. The experimental results and analysis show that the mAP of the final model reaches 98.5%, which is significantly better than other mainstream target detection models. Especially for the small target detection task in the natural complex environment, the proposed CSFN-YOLOv5s model shows higher detection precision and verifies its target detection effect.
Characterization and fault diagnosis of vibration characteristics of tenon disks with cracks based on blade tip timing
Authors: Guo Shuaiping , Cao Junbiao , Yu Haiyan , Huang Xingyuan , Li Xuejun 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The tenon-structured disk is a critical component of the rotor system in aeroengines. Under the repeated cyclic loads and inherent material defects, the disk is susceptible to the initiation of fatigue cracks. The impact of disk cracks on the shaft vibration response is subtle and challenging to monitor, however, it can induce periodic vibrations in the blades near the crack location. Therefore, this paper proposes a method for crack identification in rotor disks based on blade tip timing technology, which allows for the reflection of rotor disk crack parameters (type, location) through the blade tip vibration parameters, enabling online monitoring and fault diagnosis of rotor disk cracks. To guide the implantation of cracks, this study analyzes the weak points of the disk and conducts a comparative analysis of the effects of cracks of different depths on the blade tip vibration characteristics. Experimental validation confirms the accuracy of the proposed method, providing theoretical support for the onboard online identification of cracks in aeroengine disks.
An airborne gravity gradient compensation method based on residual backpropagation
Authors: Zhou Shuai , Yang Changcheng , Cheng Yi , Jiao Jian , Bi Fengyi 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Airborne gravity gradient dynamic measurement error compensation is a crucial aspect of data processing in gravity gradient dynamic measurements. This study introduces a deep learning approach based on a residual backpropagation (Res-BP) neural network for post-error compensation in airborne gravity gradient dynamic measurement. The network employs residual connections to facilitate identity mapping, thereby enabling gradient propagation across layers. This strategy preserves the original information while acquiring additional information through nonlinear operations, effectively mitigating the gradient vanishing issue and enhancing the neural network’s fitting capability. The method proposed in this paper is applied to both simulation data from a gravity gradiometer and high-altitude dynamic measured data of an airborne gravity gradient. Compared to traditional neural network multilayer perceptron, the Res-BP method significantly improves compensation accuracy through its application in high flight experiment of the southern section of Zhangguangcai Ridge on the western side of Mudanjiang City, Heilongjiang Province.
Enhanced wavelet transform-integrated MWRC-ResNet: a novel framework for interpretable and noise-robust rolling bearing fault diagnosis
Authors: Zhang Daode , Gong Ziang , Zhou Hongdi , Ma Sitong , Li Tao , Huang Yifeng , Hu Xinyu 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Research on efficient detection methods for rolling bearings is crucial for enhancing the reliability and safety of mechanical equipment. Statistics indicate that over 30% of failures in rotating machinery are attributed to rolling bearings. This paper proposes the wavelet retention transformation and integrates it seamlessly with a residual neural network, resulting in a novel signal processing-based residual neural network framework (MWRC-ResNet). This approach significantly improves the accuracy and interpretability of fault detection in high-noise environments. The proposed method was experimentally validated using both the Case Western Reserve University dataset and the HIT dataset, and the experimental results show that its accuracy and noise resistance are superior to traditional models and other wavelet-based models. This approach not only improves the accuracy of fault detection but also offers better interpretability, providing an effective solution for rolling bearing fault diagnosis.
Tight binding molecular dynamics study of growth of nanostructure materials
Authors: Tamoev Konstantin , Chugh Manjusha , Mirhosseini Hossein , Kühne Thomas D 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The growth dynamics of mixed In and Se films on the MoSe2 substrate is modeled using quantum mechanical tight-binding-based molecular dynamics simulations. The substrate temperature, the ratio of In and Se, and the deposition flux are chosen to mimic the experimental conditions as closely as possible. The conversion of individual adatoms and clusters into alternate layers of Se–In–Se is captured during our simulations. One of the main outcomes of our model is that we are able to identify and obtain energy barriers for the concerted motion of some species on the substrate surface. Such kind of estimates of energy barriers are important for larger scale kinetic Monte Carlo simulations. Furthermore, we have identified different diffusion regimes of In and Se.
Enhanced ethylenediamine detection using WO3–BiVO4 nanoflakes heterostructure with exceptional adsorption capabilities: experimental and theoretical studies
Authors: Kim Eun-Bi , Akhtar M Shaheer , Ameen Sadia , Umar Ahmad , Akbar Sheikh , Baskoutas S 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The present work describes the synthesis of WO3–BiVO4-nanoflakes heterostructure (NFHs) by a single step hydrothermal method. The analysis of crystalline phases and structural behavior deduced the formation of good crystal quality WO3–BiVO4 NFHs. Under microscopic observation, the as-prepared WO3–BiVO4 displayed uniform and conspicuous nanoflakes like structures. The extensive density functional theory was studied to examine the electronic and band structures of as-prepared WO3–BiVO4 NFHs in terms of formation energy, charge density, density of state and band structures. The synthesized WO3–BiVO4 NFHs was used as sensing electrode towards the detection of ethylenediamine (EDA) chemical that displayed a good sensitivity of ∼318.52 mA·mM−1cm−2, excellent dynamic range of 1 μM–1 mM with detection limit of ∼94.51 nM and retention coefficient of ∼0.9929. WO3–BiVO4 NFHs electrode possessed the good reproducibility, stability, and repeatability towards EDA chemical. To the best of our knowledge, for the first time, the fabricated chemical sensor fabricated with WO3–BiVO4 NFHs electrode could be promising electrode materials to identify dangerous chemicals at very low concentration in environment. Importantly, the fabricated chemical sensor can be effective for environmental monitoring.