bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accounting for false positive detections in occupancy studies based on environmental DNA: A case study of a threatened freshwater fish (Galaxiella pusilla)
Authors: Tingley Reid , Coleman Rhys , Gecse Nathaniel , van Rooyen Anthony , R. Weeks Andrew 
Published: August 2020

AbstractEnvironmental DNA (eDNA) sampling is a promising method for surveying aquatic fauna. Recent eDNA studies have investigated the likelihood of false negative errors in the laboratory and in the field, but the likelihood of false positives remains poorly studied. We investigated the likelihood of both types of errors in eDNA surveys of an Australian threatened freshwater fish (Galaxiella pusilla) using laboratory experiments, field surveys, and recent advances in hierarchical site occupancy‐detection modeling. Laboratory experiments revealed high primer/probe specificity; absence of sample contamination in extraction and qPCR blanks; and rapid accumulation and deterioration of eDNA in aquaria. Hierarchical site occupancy‐detection models fitted to pilot data collected at 13 wetlands revealed that two water samples, each with two qPCRs, would be required to achieve a cumulative detection probability >.95. A more comprehensive survey, in which we simultaneously used dip netting and eDNA sampling at 29 wetlands, revealed similar mean detection probabilities of the two sampling methods (trapping: 0.74 vs. eDNA: 0.68), and low probabilities of false positive errors at the water sample level (0.0080) and at the qPCR level (0.0039) for eDNA sampling. Collectively, our results illustrate that eDNA sampling can be a sensitive and specific method for monitoring the occurrence of freshwater fauna. Detection probabilities of eDNA sampling were comparable to those of a traditional sampling method, and probabilities of laboratory‐induced false positives were low. Future studies employing eDNA sampling should estimate, and properly account for, false positive errors in addition to false negatives.
Metal Organic Framework‐235 (MOF‐235) Modified Carbon Paste Electrode for Catechol Determination in Water
Authors: Batista Luiz Carlos Domingos , Santos Thiago Izidoro Silva , Santos José E. Lima , da Silva Djalma Ribeiro , Martínez‐Huitle Carlos A. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractMOF‐235 is presented as an orange powder, with crystals of the octahedral formation. It was already used as adsorbent to remove different compounds from water; however, no attempts have been published about the exploration of the MOF‐235 application as electrochemical sensor for organic compounds yet. MOF‐235 was synthetized and after that, it was characterized by SEM, XRD and FTIR. Graphite electrodes (GEs) were modified with different MOF‐235 ratio (5 %, 7 %, 10 %, 12 % and 14 %) and these modified GEs were characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurements in order to determine the effect of MOF‐235 concentration on the current response. Results indicated that, a significant improvement on the current response was attained at MOF‐235(10 %)/GE respect to unmodified GE. This behavior is related to the pore structure and multiple active sites on the MOF surface. The performance of the MOF‐235(10 %)/GE as electrochemical sensor for detecting catechol was assessed by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). Catechol detection response of MOF‐based sensor provided a detection limit of about 12.79 μmol L−1 with a correlation coefficient (R2) of about 0.9928 ranging from 12 to 514 μmol L−1. Finally, MOF‐235(10 %)/GE was used to determine catechol in real water matrixes.
A Highly Sensitive and Selective Non‐enzymatic Hydrogen Peroxide Sensor Based on Nanostructured Co3O4 Thin Films Using the Sol‐gel Method
Authors: Khadhraoui Hanen , Othmani Abdelhak , Kouki Abdessalem , Zouaoui Mouldi 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn this work we report an easy and efficient way to fabricate nanostructured cobalt oxide (Co3O4) thin films as a non‐enzymatic sensor for H2O2 detection. Co3O4 thin films were grown on ITO glass substrates via the sol‐gel method and characterized with several techniques including X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and optical absorbance. The Co3O4 thin films’ performance regarding hydrogen peroxide detection was studied in a 0.1 M NaOH solution using two techniques, cyclic voltammetry (CV) and amperometry. The films exhibited a high sensitivity of 1450 μA.mM−1.cm−2, a wide linear range from 0.05 μM to 1.1 mM, and a very low detection limit of 18 nM. Likewise, the Co3O4 thin films produced showed an exceptional stability and a high selectivity.
Genetic factors increasing barley grain yields under soil waterlogging
Authors: Liu Ke , Harrison Matthew Tom , Ibrahim Ahmed , Manik S. M. Nuruzzaman , Johnson Peter , Tian Xiaohai , Meinke Holger , Zhou Meixue 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn‐crop soil waterlogging can be caused by extreme rainfall events, high ground water tables, excessive irrigation, lateral ground water flow, either individually or in concert, and together these factors inhibit potential grain yields. However, the extent to which yield is influenced by the timing and duration of waterlogging relative to crop phenology is unknown. To investigate this, we conducted a range of waterlogging treatments on modern barley genotypes differing in their waterlogging tolerance, with tolerance conferred through aerenchyma formation under oxygen deficit conditions. Experiment 1 was conducted in a controlled environment using four waterlogging treatments: waterlogging at Zadoks stage (ZS) 12.5 for 1 or 2 months (WL1 and WL2, respectively), waterlogging at ZS 15 for 2 months (WL3), and waterlogging initiated 1 day before heading for 15 days (WL4). Experiment 2 was conducted in the field with WL2. Averaged across experiments, yield was reduced by 35% in W1 to 52% in WL3 due to fewer spikes/m2 and kernels/spike. WL4 had the greatest impact on yield (70% reduction) due to its effect on spikelet fertility and grain filling. Phenology was delayed 1–8 ZS at the end of waterlogging treatments, with the waterlogging‐susceptible cultivar Franklin showing the greatest delays, and waterlogging tolerant genotypes (Macquarie+, TAMF169) capable of aerenchyma formation under waterlogging having the least delays (0–4 ZS). Genotypes with aerenchyma formation QTL (Macquarie+) showed nonsignificant yield reduction compared with nonwaterlogged controls, preventing 23% yield loss under early phenological waterlogging stress. Late growth stage waterlogging substantially reduced average final grain yield by 70%.
Knowledge co-production: A pathway to effective fisheries management, conservation, and governance
Authors: Cooke Steven J , Nguyen Vivian M , Chapman Jacqueline M , Reid Andrea J , Landsman Sean J , Young Nathan , Hinch Scott G , Schott Stephan , Mandrak Nicholas E , Semeniuk Christina AD 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Although it is assumed that the outcomes from scientific research inform management and policy, the so-called knowledge–action gap (i.e., the disconnect between scientific knowledge and its application) is a recognition that there are many reasons why new knowledge is not always embraced by knowledge users. The concept of knowledge co-production has gained popularity within the environmental and conservation research communities as a mechanism of bridging the gap between knowledge and action, but has yet to be fully embraced in fisheries research. Here we describe what co-production is, outline its benefits (relative to other approaches to research) and challenges, and provide practical guidance on how to embrace and enact knowledge co-production within fisheries research. Because co-production is an iterative and context-dependent process, there is no single way to do it, but there are best practices that can facilitate the generation of actionable research through respectful and inclusive partnerships. We present several brief case studies where we describe examples of where co-production has worked in practice and the benefits it has accrued. As more members of the fisheries science and management community effectively engage in co-production, it will be important to reflect on the processes and share lessons with others. We submit that co-production has manifold benefits for applied science and should lead to meaningful improvements in fisheries management, conservation, and governance.
Bean‐based nutrient‐enriched puffed snacks: Formulation design, functional evaluation, and optimization
Authors: Natabirwa Hedwig , Nakimbugwe Dorothy , Lung'aho Mercy , Tumwesigye Kashub S. , Muyonga John H. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSchool‐age children frequently consume snacks. However, most of the snacks they consume are of low nutritional quality. The objective of this study was to develop a nutrient‐rich and acceptable extruded bean‐based snack, which could contribute to improved nutrient intake, especially for school‐age children. Snack formulations developed from Roba1 beans, maize, orange‐fleshed sweet potato, and amaranth mixtures, and processed in a twin‐screw extruder, were evaluated and optimized for nutritional, textural and sensory properties. High proportion of beans in the formulation was associated with high protein, iron, zinc, and dietary fiber content. An optimal formulation (82.03:10: 5:2.97; beans, maize, OFSP, amaranth), containing 20.38 g, 4.12 g, 4.83 mg, and 1.51 mg per 100 g, of protein, dietary fiber, iron, and zinc, respectively, was obtained. The snacks were crunchy and moderately acceptable with average sensory scores of 6 on a 9‐point hedonic scale, and hardness 26.6 N. Nutrient contribution 43, 19, and 12% for protein, iron, and zinc, respectively, to children aged 6 to 8 years; and 24, 19, and 7.6%, respectively, to children aged 9 to 12 years from a 40 g serving was estimated from the snack. The results demonstrate the potential of using extrusion to produce nutrient enriched value‐added food products from blends of iron‐rich beans and common staples.
Preventive use of gabapentin to decrease pain and systemic symptoms in patients with head and neck cancer undergoing chemoradiation
Authors: Smith Derek K. , Cmelak Anthony , Niermann Ken , Ghiam Michael , Lou Diane , Gilbert Jill , Gibson Michael K. , Hawkins Deborah , Murphy Barbara A. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundRadiation for patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) is associated with painful mucositis that impacts the delivery of treatment and contributes to high symptom burden.MethodsThis was a prospective, randomized pilot trial. Eligible patients received primary or adjuvant chemoradiation. Patients were randomized to usual care vs usual care plus gabapentin titrated to drug tolerance during radiation. Patients completed a symptom survey at baseline and weekly during therapy.ResultsSeventy‐nine patients were enrolled in the study (38 control, 41 treatment). At interim analysis, gabapentin use resulted in a decrease in pain (P= .004), with the biggest decreases being in the latter weeks of therapy. By week 7, the median pain score in the treatment group was below the 0.25 quantile of the control group.ConclusionProphylactic use of gabapentin during chemoradiation for HNC patients resulted in a decrease in pain, neurosensory symptoms, and general systemic symptoms.
Investigating primary preservice teachers’ ultraviolet radiation awareness and perceived ability to teach sun safety
Authors: Scott Joseph J. , Johnston Robyn , Blane Sally , Strickland Mark , Darby Jill , Gray Elin 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIssue addressedSun protection practices in Australian primary schools remain inconsistent. Therefore, this study investigates primary PSTs sun protective sun behaviours, ultraviolet (UV) radiation awareness and perceived ability to teach sun safety.MethodsA convenience sample of undergraduate PSTs (N = 275; mean age = 23.13 years) enrolled at one Western Australian university completed an online survey. Descriptive analyses provided features of the data. Factors associated with sun protection behaviours and perceived knowledge and skill to teach sun safety were explored using multivariable logistic regression models.ResultsLesser than 10% of participants reported using sun protective measures daily (midday shade use: 6.5%; sunscreen: 7.6%; hat: 4.4%). Only 56.3% reported they understand the UV index, with 68.0% rarely/never using it to aid sun protection. Under half the participants reported they felt they had the knowledge (38.5%) or skills (40%) to effectively teach sun safety in primary schools. Regression analysis revealed gender, undergraduate, year and skin sensitivity were not predictors of UV index use (P > .05) or perceived knowledge of sun safety (P > .05). Skin sensitivity was the strongest predictor for shade usage (P = .02), hat usage (P = .05) and perceived skill to teach sun safety (P = .02).ConclusionsSurvey data indicate UV radiation is inconsistently understood by PSTs. Many felt that they did not have the required knowledge or skill to teach sun safety effectively.So what?Improving PSTs UV radiation knowledge while at university is a potential opportunity to improve sun safety delivery in primary schools. A targeted intervention for PSTs is warranted.
Efficient mammal biodiversity surveys for ecological restoration monitoring
Authors: Green Nicholas S. , Wildhaber Mark L. , Albers Janice L. , Pettit Thomas W. , Hooper Michael J. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Efficient biodiversity surveys are critical for successful restoration monitoring and management. We studied the effect of varying sampling effort on the observed species richness of surveys of small mammals (trapping transects), bats (passive acoustic detection), and medium to large mammals (trail cameras). Field studies provided mammalian biodiversity data for 4 bottomland hardwood restoration sites in northeastern Indiana. Subsampled data were used to simulate monitoring surveys with a range of levels of effort. We then used hierarchical Bayesian nonlinear mixed models to analyze how different components of sampling effort affected observed species richness, a key monitoring outcome. We found that observed small mammal richness increased with the increased number of transects in a survey, while observed bat and medium to large mammal richness increased with the increased duration of sampling. Variation between sites was important for the observed richness of small mammals and bats but not for medium to large mammals. The key driver of richness observed in simulated surveys was related to the spatial scale at which target fauna interact with the habitat, with decreasing richness accompanied by a greater spatial scale of animal–habitat interactions. Our findings suggest taxon-specific recommendations for efficiently quantifying the mammalian diversity of managed sites. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2024;20:1969–1981. © 2020 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC)
Key Points
Hierarchical subsampling was used to simulate how different levels of sampling effort affected the observed biodiversity of mammals. Observed small mammal species richness increased with number of samples (i.e., transects). For bats and medium to large mammals the duration of sampling, not number of samples, had the greatest effect on observed species richness. The spatial scale at which a species interacts with the habitat determined which component of sampling effort had the greatest effect.
A family cluster of diagnosed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) kidney transplant recipient in Thailand
Authors: Sakulkonkij Parichart , Bruminhent Jackrapong , Pankongngam Charan , Chalermphunchai Nipon 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIntroductionSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) causes an ongoing outbreak of respiratory illness called coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). The clinical course could be ranging from mild to severe illness especially the individuals with an immunocompromised condition such as solid organ transplant recipients.MethodWe described a family cluster of COVID‐19 patients who were admitted during 3rd April 2020 to 30th April 2020. COVID‐19 was confirmed by a presence of SARS‐CoV‐2 ribonucleic acid in the respiratory specimens detected by a qualitative, real‐time reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction. The study focused on the clinical course and management of our cases.ResultsA family cluster of four laboratory‐confirmed COVID‐19 patients, one of those carried an underlying kidney transplant (KT) receiving immunosuppressants. Clinical presentation and severity of our case series are variable depending on each individual immune status. By far, a KT recipient seems to develop more severity despite antiviral therapy, cessation of immunosuppressant, and aggressive intensive care support.ConclusionOur case series plausibly affirmed a person‐to‐person transmission and potentially severe disease in the transplant population. Clinicians who are encountering with transplant recipients should be aware of possible transmission among family members.
Assessment of bone healing using (Ti,Mg)N thin film coated plates and screws: Rabbit femur model
Authors: Sabouni Kenda , Ozturk Yetkin , Kacar Erkan , Mutlu Hasan Serdar , Solakoglu Seyhun , Kose Gamze Torun , Kok Fatma Nese , Kazmanli Muhammet Kursat , Urgen Kamil Mustafa , Onder Sakip 
Published: August 2020

AbstractMagnesium (Mg) based implants such as plates and screws are often preferred to treat bone defects because of the positive effects of magnesium in bone growth and healing. Their low corrosion resistance, however, leads to fast degradation and consequently failure before healing was completed. Previously, we developed Mg doped titanium nitrate (TiN) thin film coatings to address these limitations and demonstrated that <10 at% Mg doping led to enhanced mineralization in vitro. In the present study, in vivo performance of (Ti,Mg)N coated Ti6Al4V based plates and screws were studied in the rabbit model. Bone fractures were formed on femurs of 16 rabbits and then fixed with either (Ti,Mg)N coated (n = 8) or standard TiN coated (n = 8) plates and screws. X‐ray imaging and μCT analyses showed enhanced bone regeneration on fracture sites fixed with (Ti,Mg)N coated plates in comparison with the Mg free ones. Bone mineral density, bone volume, and callus volume were also found to be 11.4, 23.4, and 42.8% higher, respectively, in accordance with μCT results. Furthermore, while TiN coatings promoted only primary bone regeneration, (Ti,Mg)N led to secondary bone regeneration in 6 weeks. These results indicated that Mg presence in the coatings accelerated bone regeneration in the fracture site. (Ti,Mg)N coating can be used as a practical method to increase the efficiency of existing bone fixation devices of varying geometry.
Inhibition of programmed death‐1 decreases neointimal hyperplasia after patch angioplasty
Authors: Bai Hualong , Wang Zhiwei , Li Mingxing , Sun Peng , Wei Shunbo , Wang Wang , Wang Zhiju , Xing Ying , Li Jingan , Dardik Alan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractNeointimal hyperplasia remains an obstacle after vascular interventions. Programmed death‐1 (PD‐1) antibody treatment decreases tumor cell proliferation and secretion of inflammatory factors, and several antineoplastic drugs show efficacy against neointimal hyperplasia. We hypothesized that inhibition of PD‐1 inhibits neointimal hyperplasia in a rat patch angioplasty model. In a rat aorta patch angioplasty model, four groups were compared: the control group without treatment, a single dose of humanized PD‐1 antibody (4 mg/kg) injected immediately after patch angioplasty, PD‐1 antibody‐coated patches, and BMS‐1 (PD‐1 inhibitor)‐coated patches. Patches were harvested (Day 14) and analyzed. After patch angioplasty, PD‐1‐positive cells were present. Inhibition of PD‐1 using both intraperitoneal injection of humanized PD1 antibody as well as using patches coated with humanized PD1 antibody significantly decreased neointimal thickness (p = 0.0199). There were significantly fewer PD‐1 (p = 0.0148), CD3 (p = 0.0072), CD68 (p = 0.0001), CD45 (p = 0.001), and PCNA (p < 0.0001)‐positive cells, and PCNA/α‐actin dual positive cells (p = 0.0005), in the treated groups. Patches coated with BMS‐1 showed similarly decreased neointimal thickness and accumulation of inflammatory cells. Inhibition of PD‐1 using PD‐1 antibody or its inhibitor BMS‐1 can significantly decrease neointimal thickness in vascular patches. Inhibition of the PD‐1 pathway may be a promising therapeutic strategy to inhibit neointimal hyperplasia.
Update to the ASFA guidelines on the use of therapeutic apheresis in ANCA‐associated vasculitis
Authors: Balogun Rasheed A. , Sanchez Amber P. , Klingel Reinhard , Witt Volker , Aqui Nicole , Meyer Erin , Padmanabhan Anand , Pham Huy P. , Schneiderman Jennifer , Schwartz Joseph , Wu Yanyun , Zantek Nicole D. , Connelly‐Smith Laura , Dunbar Nancy M. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSince 1986, the American Society for Apheresis (ASFA) has published practice guidelines on the use of therapeutic apheresis in the Journal of Clinical Apheresis (JCA) Special Issue. Since 2007, updated guidelines have been published every 3 years to reflect current evidence based apheresis practice with the most recent edition (8th) published in 2019. With each edition, the guidelines are reviewed and updated based on any newly published literature since the last review. The PEXIVAS study, an international, randomized controlled trial comparing therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) vs no TPE and standard vs reduced dose steroid regimen on the primary composite outcome of end stage renal disease or death in patients with ANCA‐associated vasculitis (AAV), was published in February 2020. This study represents the largest study on the role of therapeutic apheresis in AAV published to date and prompted the JCA Special Issue Writing Committee to reassess the current AAV fact sheet for updates based on this newly available evidence. This interim fact sheet summarizes current ASFA recommendations for the evidence‐based use of therapeutic apheresis in AAV and supersedes the recommendations published in the 2019 guidelines.
A study of outcomes, technical safety, and feasibility of D‐2 lymphadenectomy in gastric cancer
Authors: Talukdar Abhijit , Bannoth Srinivas , Purkayastha Joydeep , Borthakur Bibhuti B , Kalita Deepjyoti , Das Gaurav , Pegu Niju , Singh Pritesh 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackground and AimLymph node dissection in gastric cancer had been controversial, but recent data have led us to the conclusion that D‐2 dissection should be the standard of care for potentially curable advanced gastric carcinoma. In this study, we present our single‐institution experience of D‐2 lymph node dissection.MethodsFrom January 2013 to September 2018, 115 patients of gastric cancer were treated with D‐2 gastrectomy, 91 of whom met the criteria for study analysis. Data were statistically described as frequencies and percentages where appropriate. Survival curves were plotted using the Kaplan–Meier method, and Cox regression was used to assess the risk among groups. A P value <0.05 was considered to be statistically significant at 95% confidence interval.ResultsThe majority of patients (86.8%) had Clavien‐Dindo grade I postoperative surgical complications; 90‐day mortality was seen in five (5.5%) patients. Patients with stages I, II, and III had survival rates of 100%, 71.4%; 53.2%, 44.4%; and 27.8%, 28.1%, respectively, for ages <55 and >55 years. Overall recurrence free survival rates were 26 and 28% for <55 years and >55 years, respectively, with a P value of 0.570. On multivariate analysis, positive distal margin and multivisceral resection had a statistically significant hazard ratio.ConclusionsThis retrospective study conducted in our institute on patients with gastric cancer undergoing D‐2 lymphadenectomy has shown that the addition of D‐2 lymph node dissection, when performed at high‐volume centers, have acceptable morbidity and mortality rates. This can be seen from our grades of postoperative surgical complications, 90‐day mortality, and overall 5‐year survival.