bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Can the growing of transgenic maize threaten protected Lepidoptera in Europe?
Authors: Lövei Gábor L. , Lang Andreas , Ferrante Marco , Bacle Victor 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe evaluated whether protected European butterflies can potentially be at risk if transgenic maize is extensively grown in Central Europe. We explored potential consequences of both insect resistant (IR) and herbicide resistant (HR) transgenic maize. IR maize can produce pollen that is toxic to lepidopteran larvae, and this puts butterfly species at possible risk if the presence of young larvae coincides with maize flowering, during which large quantities of maize pollen can be deposited on vegetation. By considering the timing of maize flowering in Europe and the phenology of the protected Lepidoptera species, we found that 31 species had at least one generation where 50% of the larval stage overlapped with maize flowering, and 69 species for which first instar larvae were present during maize pollen shedding. HR maize allows high concentration herbicide treatments on fields without seasonal limitation, which can drastically reduce weed densities. In cases where such weed species are host plants for protected butterflies, reduced host plant/food availability can result, causing population decreases. By using published information, we first identified the important weed species in major maize‐growing European countries. Subsequently, we checked whether the host plants of protected Lepidoptera included species that are common maize weeds. We identified 140 protected species having food plants that are common weeds in one or more of the major European maize‐growing countries. If HR maize is grown in Europe, there is a potential hazard that their food plants will seriously decline, causing a subsequent decline of these protected species.
The alleviation of methyl jasmonate on loss of aroma lactones correlated with ethylene biosynthesis in peaches
Authors: Cai Hongfang , Han Shuai , Yu Mingliang , Ma Ruijuan , Yu Zhifang 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPeaches are vulnerable to cold temperature, showing the symptoms of chilling injury (CI). The occurrence of CI results in irreversible aroma loss, especially ‘peach‐like’ lactones loss during cold storage and subsequent shelf life. Methyl jasmonate (MeJA) treatment is effective in alleviating CI symptoms in peach fruit; however, its effect on peach aroma volatiles is still unknown. To explore the effect and mechanism of MeJA treatment on aroma loss of peaches, fruit was treated with 10 µmol/L MeJA, then stored at 4 °C for 3 weeks, and subsequently transferred to 20 °C to simulate shelf life for 3 days. Here, the ability of MeJA to regulate aroma lactones of ‘Xiahui 6’ peaches was investigated, and the expression of genes responsible for ethylene and lactones biosynthesis was considered. MeJA treatment significantly reduced internal browning index, increased ethylene production, and promoted the emission of aroma‐related lactones in peaches during shelf life at room temperature. In addition, MeJA also elevated the expression of PpSAMS, PpACS3, PpACS4, PpACO, and PpACX3 during or after cold storage. These results suggested that MeJA treatment could enhance chilling tolerance in peaches and induce the recovery of ethylene and aroma lactones, which is closely related to ethylene biosynthesis as revealed by upregulated genes expression of PpSAMS, PpACS3/4, and PpACO.Practical ApplicationThis research provides theoretical basis for the application of methyl jasmonate in fruit preservation and the basis for molecular breeding to cultivate aroma‐abundant peach fruits.
Moderate Alcohol Consumption Targets S100β+ Vascular Stem Cells and Attenuates Injury‐Induced Neointimal Hyperplasia
Authors: Liu Weimin , Harman Suzie , DiLuca Mariana , Burtenshaw Denise , Corcoran Eoin , Cahill Paul A. , Redmond Eileen M. 
Published: July 2020

BackgroundStem cells present in the vessel wall may be triggered in response to injurious stimuli to undergo differentiation and contribute to vascular disease development. Our aim was to determine the effect of moderate alcohol (EtOH) exposure on the expansion and differentiation of S100 calcium‐binding protein B positive (S100β+) resident vascular stem cells and their contribution to pathologic vessel remodeling in a mouse model of arteriosclerosis.Methods and ResultsLineage tracing analysis of S100β+ cells was performed in male and female S100β‐eGFP/Cre/ERT2–dTomato transgenic mice treated daily with or without EtOH by oral gavage (peak BAC: 15 mM or 0.07%) following left common carotid artery ligation for 14 days. Carotid arteries (ligated or sham‐operated) were harvested for morphological analysis and confocal assessment of fluorescent‐tagged S100 β + cells in FFPE carotid cross sections.Ligation‐induced carotid remodeling was more robust in males than in females. EtOH‐gavaged mice had less adventitial thickening and markedly reduced neointimal formation compared to controls, with a more pronounced inhibitory effect in males compared to females. There was significant expansion of S100β+‐marked cells in vessels postligation, primarily in the neointimal compartment. EtOH treatment reduced the fraction of S100β+ cells in carotid cross sections, concomitant with attenuated remodeling. In vitro, EtOH attenuated Sonic Hedgehog‐stimulated myogenic differentiation (as evidenced by reduced calponin and myosin heavy chain expression) of isolated murine S100β+ vascular stem cells.ConclusionsThese data highlight resident vascular S100β+ stem cells as a novel target population for alcohol and suggest that regulation of these progenitors in adult arteries, particularly in males, may be an important mechanism contributing to the antiatherogenic effects of moderate alcohol consumption.
A case of Wong‐type dermatomyositis treated with rituximab and IVIG
Authors: Argobi Yahya , Fedeles Flavia , Schoenfeld Sara R. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA 37‐year‐old woman presented to our rheumatology–dermatology clinic with a rash, muscle weakness and fatigue. She has had prior diagnoses of cutaneous lupus and lichen planus based on skin biopsies. She did not respond to topical steroids, hydroxychloroquine and dapsone. Clinically, she had sharply demarcated photo‐distributed erythema over the upper back, chest and upper arms, along with hyperkeratotic follicular papules on bilateral upper arms, shoulders, posterior neck, behind the ears, chest including breasts, abdomen and right buttock. Investigations revealed a high titre ANA, elevated creatinine kinase, aldolase and positive anti‐MJ/nuclear matrix protein 2 (NXP‐2). A skin biopsy showed findings of connective tissue disease. The diagnosis of Wong‐type dermatomyositis was made. She responded to therapy with mycophenolate mofetil, rituximab and IVIG.
Debate: Lessons learned in lockdown – a one‐day remotely delivered training on low‐intensity psychological interventions for common mental health conditions
Authors: Batchelor Rachel , Catanzano Matteo , Kerry Ellie , Bennett Sophie D. , Coughtrey Anna E. , Liang Holan , Curry Vicki , Heyman Isobel , Shafran Roz 
Published: July 2020

The coronavirus pandemic has highlighted the need for remote technologies to be used in child and adolescent mental health services. With the UK being placed in lockdown one week before a scheduled ‘face‐to‐face’ low‐intensity CBT training day due to COVID‐19, there was a need for rapid adaptations to be made to the content, structure and format of a training day for practitioners in mental health services, to suit the online environment. The content covered the core areas of low‐intensity CBT in children and adolescents. Findings showed that the one‐day low‐intensity training day increased knowledge and understanding in all key areas measured, and was positively received, providing further evidence for the effectiveness and acceptability of remote delivery. Given discussed benefits of remote delivery, as well as rapid developments in technologies helping to address some of the challenges raised, going forward, remote delivery could continue to be beneficial for increasing access to much needed evidence‐based interventions.
Development and validation of a scale to assess Feeding at Sleep Time (FeAST) among infants and toddlers
Authors: Muthu Murugan Satta , Ganesh Akila , Padmanabhan Ramachandran , Nuvvula Sivakumar , Mohanraj Rani 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundFeeding practices adopted by parents play a critical role in the development of children's taste preferences, eating habits, nutrition and eventual weight status. Many scales have been developed to assess feeding practices among children of various age groups. This paper aimed to construct and validate a robust scale for the comprehensive assessment of sleep‐time feeding practices for children aged 0‐3 years and to establish the risk of developing Early Childhood Caries (ECC).MethodsThere were multiple phases to the development of the scale: (a) formation of a conceptual framework, (b) systematic development of an item pool, (c) refinement of the item pool by focus group discussion, cognitive interviewing and pretesting, (d) validity testing and (e) reliability testing. The conceptual framework was built based on four broad constructs: breastfeeding, bottle‐feeding, other feeding modes and ‘tooth and diet’ constructs. Reviews of existing scales in related areas were instrumental in scale development and helped to generate an initial pool of 45 items, which was finally refined to 28 items.ResultsCognitive interviews by the ‘think‐aloud protocol’ helped to reduce ambiguity and maximize clarity of the questions. Pretesting the scale aided increased comprehension and specificity. Face and content validity were corroborated by ‘subject matter experts’ who endorsed the suitability and appropriateness of items. Reliability was assessed by test‐retest, and a near‐perfect agreement was obtained in 96% of the items.ConclusionsThis is the first validated scale currently available for recording sleep‐time feeding practices of children less than three years of age. This 28‐item scale can be applied as a potential clinical scale to record sleep‐time feeding history and the risk of developing ECC as well as a research scale to investigate the association of sleep‐time feeding practices with ECC.
Association between antidepressant use during pregnancy and congenital anomalies in children: A retrospective cohort study based on Japanese claims data
Authors: Yamamoto‐Sasaki Madoka , Yoshida Satomi , Takeuchi Masato , Tanaka‐Mizuno Sachiko , Kawakami Koji 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCertain studies previously pointed out that treating pregnant women with antidepressants may increase risks of congenital anomalies in their children. However, to date, the study results are not conclusive. Furthermore, most studies have been performed using data from Western countries; therefore, we examined this association using Japanese data. This retrospective cohort study was based on claims data of mothers and their children from January 2005 to July 2014, obtained from the JMDC Inc. Information on antidepressant prescriptions was extracted from the database. Children were followed up from birth through July 2014 or until their withdrawal from the database and were identified for obtaining information on their congenital anomalies. We used logistic regression analysis to evaluate the association between maternal antidepressant use during pregnancy and the children's congenital anomalies. Of 53 864 eligible pairs of mothers and children, 53 697 pairs met the study criteria. No increased risk of total congenital anomalies in children whose mothers used antidepressants of any type during the first trimester of pregnancy was found in the analysis (adjusted analysis with confounders, odds ratio: 0.86; 95% confidence interval: 0.52, 1.42). In addition, there was no increased risk of organ specific anomalies in the analysis by type of antidepressant. We found no increased risk of congenital anomalies in children whose mothers used antidepressants during the first trimester of pregnancy compared to that of non‐users based on the Japanese claims data. Additional studies are necessary to further clarify the association between antidepressant use during pregnancy and congenital anomalies in children.
Adaptive plasticity in wing melanisation of a montane butterfly across a Himalayan elevational gradient
Authors: Gautam Shubham , Kunte Krushnamegh 
Published: July 2020

Traits that are significant to the thermal ecology of temperate or montane species are expected to prominently co‐vary with the thermal environment experienced by an organism. The Himalayan Pieris canidia butterfly exhibits considerable variation in wing melanisation. We investigated: (i) whether variation in wing melanisation and (ii) activity period of this montane butterfly was influenced by the seasonally and elevationally changing thermal landscape.
We discovered that wing melanisation varied across elevation, seasons, sex, and wing surfaces, with the variation strongly structured in space and time: colder seasons and higher elevations produced more melanic individuals. Notably, melanisation did not vary uniformly across all wing surfaces: (i) melanisation of the ventral hindwing co‐varied much more prominently with elevation, but (ii) melanisation on all other surfaces varied with seasonal changes in the thermal environment.
Observed wing surface‐specific patterns indicated thermoregulatory function for this variation in melanisation. Such wing surface‐specific responses to seasonal and elevational variation in temperature have rarely been reported in montane insects.
Moreover, daily and seasonal thermal cycles were found to strongly influence activity periods of this species, suggesting the potential limits to wing melanisation plasticity.
Overall, these results showed that the seasonal and elevational gradients in temperature influence the thermal phenotype as well as activity periods of this Himalayan butterfly. It will be critical to study the phenotypic evolution of such montane insects in response to the ongoing climate change, which is already showing significant signs in this iconic mountain range.
The association between sleep quality and attenuated psychotic symptoms
Authors: Clarke Stephen , Hanna Donncha , Davidson Sarah , Shannon Ciarán , Mulholland Ciaran 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAimTo determine if poor sleep makes a unique contribution in predicting the likelihood of experiencing six or more attenuated psychotic symptoms and associated distress, after examining and controlling for sociodemographic factors, depression and drug/alcohol use.MethodAn online survey was conducted using Amazon's online crowdsourcing service Mechanical Turk (MTurk). The sample was 1013 adults (18 to 36 years) from the general population in the United States. The survey consisted of the Prodromal Questionnaire 16 (PQ‐16), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Patient Health Questionnaire 9, the Drug Abuse Screening Test 10 and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test. Regression analyses were performed with the PQ‐16 as the dependent variable, and sleep quality as the predictor variable, holding constant sociodemographic variables, depression, and alcohol/drug abuse.Results37% of the sample endorsed six or more PQ‐16 items, which may be suggestive of an at‐risk mental state, with sleep disturbance significantly increasing the likelihood (Odds ratio 2.09 < .001) of endorsing six or more PQ‐16 items. After controlling for sociodemographic variables, depression and drug/alcohol abuse, poor sleep quality made a unique contribution of 5.8% of the variance accounted for in level of distress experienced by attenuated psychotic symptoms.ConclusionEffective treatment of sleep disturbance may reduce the likelihood ofexperiencing attenuated psychotic symptoms and associated distress.
Computed tomography and myelography of the equine cervical spine: 180 cases (2013–2018)
Authors: Lindgren C. M. , Wright L. , Kristoffersen M. , Puchalski S. M. 
Published: July 2020

SummaryComputed tomography (CT) with CT myelography is a novel imaging modality for detailed anatomical imaging and precise diagnosis of equine cervical spine pathology. Computed tomography of the complete cervical vertebral column in live horses has not been reported previously. The objectives of this study were to describe the diagnostic utility of CT and CT myelography in horses, the technique, the type and distribution of lesions and procedure‐related complications. Medical records of horses subjected to cervical CT and CT myelography between 2013 and 2018 were reviewed for this retrospective descriptive study. The examinations were performed with horses in lateral recumbency using a large‐bore CT scanner. In total, 180 horses were included. The study population consisted of 79.4% Warmblood breed horses, 68.3% were male, the mean age was 7.1 years (range 21 days–21 years), and the bodyweight ranged from 61 to 717 kg (mean 530 kg). Pathology of the cervical vertebral column was identified in 176/180 horses (97.8%) and included osteoarthritis of the articular process joints in 83%. Impingement and compression of the spinal cord were detected using CT myelography in 125/147 horses (85%). Pathology was localised caudal to C5 in 90%. The mean ± s.d. anaesthesia time was 34 ± 19 min and 52 ± 13 min for CT examinations, excluding and including myelography, respectively. Adverse events occurred in 7.2% of the examined horses. The caudal location of the majority of lesions emphasises the importance of good‐quality imaging of the most caudal cervical vertebrae in horses with suspected cervical spinal pathology and/or spinal cord compression. Computed tomography imaging enables identification of bony and soft tissue lesions of the entire cervical vertebral column in live, large‐breed adult horses.
The holistic learning educational ecosystem: A classroom 4.0 perspective
Authors: Koul Surabhi , Nayar Burna 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe emergence of Industry 4.0 has inspired education to undergo a transformation and change its delivery lens. To adapt to the expectation of Industry 4.0, Education 4.0 has built a new interface for each stakeholder. The roles of these stakeholders have been remodelled, which in turn profoundly influences the way a new‐age learner learns. The seamless union of the vision of Industry 4.0 and Education 4.0 demands the establishment of a dais where each stakeholder will play out their assigned roles. The current study proposes a conceptual model of the holistic learning educational ecosystem. The study performs an extensive literature review of the current industry and educational set‐ups to evaluate the status quo. The analysis directs towards a new concept of Classroom 4.0, which will act as a bridge between Industry 4.0 and Education 4.0—hence devising a conceptual model of the holistic learning educational ecosystem. It will help create a borderless education environment which will be a reflection of the vision of Industry 4.0 and Education 4.0. Focusing on learning, development, self‐awareness and emotional stability, the paper suggests a way forward for the new generation. Current research will act as a bridge between global path‐breaking education research and implementation of in‐class teaching methods in higher education.
Meteoric synthesis of Luminescent Fe2O3 Nanoparticles: A potential Cytotoxic, Antioxidant & Bactericidal agent
Authors: Deepthi Reddy Gavini , Noorjahan Mohammed , Ratnamala Annapragada , Haseena Mohammed , Manjunatha Hanumanthrayappa , Chandra Babu Naidu Kadiyala 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHere we report the meteoric synthesis of luminescent nanomagnetic Fe2O3 (LNM Fe2O3) particles using green sources ie, microwave energy of 800 W and Hibiscus rosasinensis (H rosasinensis) leaf extract with high anti oxidant and anti cancer properties as an active surfactant. The microwave irradiation times for the synthesis of LNM Fe2O3 particles were optimized. Structural morphology, magnetic and optical properties of synthesized LNM Fe2O3 particles was studied using different analytical techniques. The data clearly indicated that H rosasinensis leaf extract‐mediated LNM Fe2O3 particles are spherical in shape with the presence of both α‐Fe2O3 and small amounts of ϒ ‐ Fe2O3 phases which have smaller size and larger surface area with slight agglomeration. Cytotoxic activities were performed on HCT‐116, HeLa and MCF‐7 cancer cell lines using MTT assay, antioxidant ability was determined using DPPH assay and bactericidal activity studies performed on Gram‐negative E coli bacteria and Gram‐positive bacteria Bacillus subtilis for the synthesized LNM Fe2O3 particles which were found to be highly efficient. Biological studies revealed that synthesized luminescent nanomagnetic Fe2O3 particles act as potential cytotoxic, antioxidant and bactericidal agent.
Methyl jasmonate alleviates the reduced release of aroma‐related esters in ‘Nanguo’ pears by regulating ethylene biosynthesis and signal transduction
Authors: Yin Xiao‐chen , Ji Shu‐juan , Cheng Shun‐chang , Zhou Qian , Zhou Xin , Luo Man‐li , Ma Ming‐jie , Hu Mei‐Si , Wei Bao‐dong 
Published: July 2020

SummaryCryopreserved fruits usually develop symptoms, which affects the release of aroma. Our study investigated the impact of exogenous methyl jasmonate (MeJA) upon the synthesis of aromatic esters in ‘Nanguo’ pears after cold storage. It found that exogenous MeJA enhanced ethylene accumulation via improving the activity of 1‐aminocyclopropane‐1‐carboxylic‐acid (ACC) synthase (ACS) and ACC oxidase (ACO) and the expression levels of PuACS1 and PuACO1. After cryopreservation for 90 days, the ester aroma of ‘Nanguo’ pears was effectively improved by MeJA during normal temperature shelf life. In addition, the expression of PuERS1, PuETR1, PuEIN4, PuEIN2 and PuERF1 in MeJA‐treated fruits were obviously increased. Therefore, we infer that the influence of MeJA on production of aroma‐related esters in ‘Nanguo’ pears is closely connected with ethylene biosynthesis and signal transduction, namely increase activity of ACS and ACO, and upregulation of the expression level of PuACS1, PuACO1, PuERS1, PuETR1, PuEIN2, PuEIN4 and PuERF1.
Potentials of Lactobacillus plantarum and Pichia kudriavzevii in co‐fermentation of sourdough from millet
Authors: Banwo Kolawole , Fasuyi Temitayo O. , Olojede Ayoyinka O. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe use of millet in the production of gluten‐free sourdough has significant benefits such as its suitability for individuals with gluten sensitivity. Lactic acid bacteria and yeasts were screened for functional properties from unmalted and malted millet for sourdough preparation. Lactobacillus plantarum MLd27 and Pichia kudriavzevii MYd23 were selected, used individually and mixed starter cultures to produce sourdough. The specific volume (3.07 ± 0.06 cm3 g−1) of the bread made with unmalted flour and Pichia kudriavzevii MYd23 was significantly higher (P < 0.05) compared to all the other samples. The protein, ash and fibre contents of the bread samples ranged from 10.1 to 11.4, 2.2 to 4.5 and 1.45 to 1.74 g/100 g, respectively. The sourdough bread samples were generally acceptable, while spontaneously fermented bread from malted flour showed the significantly highest (P < 0.05) overall acceptability of (7.90). The production of gluten‐free millet sourdough bread can aid in food security.