bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is the GCC an optimum currency area (OCA)? Empirical answers from co-movements
Authors: Cham Tamsir 
Published: October 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to investigate whether the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) is an optimum currency area in the wake of the global financial crisis and low oil prices using annual data from 2000 to 2016.

Design/methodology/approach
It applies the European Monetary Union as a reference point and co-movement methodology on key variables such as gross domestic product, inflation, terms of trade and current account balance. The findings revealed that all countries meet the macroeconomic convergence criteria and there is greater co-movement of these variables in the GCC.

Findings
Furthermore, the degree of co-movements increases during the financial crisis and recent low oil prices, which signifies the synchronization of shocks. However, labor is less mobile in the region and current account balance co-movement is relatively weak, but with the endogeneity of a monetary union, these constraints will evaporate as the zone enters monetary unification. The paper recommends that for the GCC monetary union to happen and be sustainable, there needs to be political will. The paper also recommended for the zone to have a common identification card so that nationals can move and work freely within the GCC region.

Originality/value
The study defers from the others in the following: this paper considered shock synchronization and co-movement methodology, which has not been applied in the region to assess its feasibility as an OCA.
Mirroring the zeitgeist: an analysis of CSR policies in the UK’s food, soft drink and packaging industries
Authors: Topić Martina , Bridge Gemma , Tench Ralph 
Published: October 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore changes in corporate social responsibility (CSR) policies in food, soft drinks and packaging industries to capture changes in CSR implementation given increased environmental activism. The paper takes an exploratory approach in reviewing CSR policy changes to explore to what extent companies change CSR policies with increased environmentalism.Design/methodology/approachA comparative website analysis was used to analyse CSR policies of companies in the food, soft drinks and packaging industries in the UK. The companies were selected for the analysis based on their annual turnover and 23 companies were analysed (seven for the soft drinks industry, eight for the food industry and eight for packaging industry). Five interviews were conducted with packaging and retail professionals, and the findings were analysed by using thematic analysis, which captured trends in responses.FindingsThe findings show that companies are implementing and communicating CSR policies heavily focussed on reducing the environmental impact of their work and matching social debates on human rights, with which traditional CSR policies (corporate governance, supporting local communities and consultation with stakeholders) are fading away. Instead, companies have shifted attention towards the gender pay gap, modern slavery and extensive environmentalism. The interviews with packaging professionals and CSR managers from the retail industry show that the packaging industry designs CSR policies in line with requests from supermarkets, which are, in turn, influenced by consumer activism.Practical implicationsThis paper shows the circular relationship between media coverage, consumer activism, which comes as a result, and the impact and changes this brings to the industry. To avoid reputation damage, companies should closely follow media debates to pre-empty consumer criticism and activism.Social implicationsThe findings show that companies are “mirroring the zeitgast” and going with trends to meet consumer expectations, which brings into question the sincerity of CSR policies and revives the criticism of capitalism and raises a question whether CSR is used by companies as a smokescreen that on the outset makes a difference to the society but keeps status quo intact.Originality/valueThe paper provides an insight into CSR implementation of three industries that faced heavy criticism from campaigners and the general public for their environmental impact. The paper shows how the CSR policy shifted to match this expectation and thus provides a good ground for studying the evolution of CSR using a case study from three selected industries.
Can analytical psychology be applied to the therapeutic community?
Authors: Howe Andrew John 
Published: October 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the theoretical potential of applying Jungian/analytical psychology concepts to a contemporary therapeutic community (TC) within the national health service.

Design/methodology/approach
A literature review concerning a Jungian understanding of group psychotherapy and TCs was undertaken. A summary and discussion of a detailed written account of a previous Jungian TC was then conducted. A comparison between a modern-day TC and Jungian approaches was then conducted with an ending discussion on the feasibility of incorporating Jungian ideas into modern work.

Findings
While Jung is thought to have a wholly negative view of groups and group psychotherapy, this was not found in the case. Furthermore, post-Jungian authors have attempted to use ideas from analytical psychology in their group work. While there are some aspects that could be implemented with relative ease in the modern TC, a complete shift into this different way of working would be a challenge and its current evidence base would not support this.

Originality/value
To the best of author’s knowledge, there are no other academic papers that have considered this subject.
An integrative model of consumer-based heritage destination brand equity
Authors: Rahman Muhammad Sabbir , Abdel Fattah Fadi Abdel Muniem , Hussain Bashir , Hossain Md Afnan 
Published: October 2020

Purpose
This study aims to examine tourists’ heritage brand experience (HBE), cultural intelligence and destination loyalty and test whether these have an impact on the formation of consumer-based heritage destination brand equity (CBHDE). The mediating role of heritage destination loyalty (HDL) in this relationship was also examined.

Design/methodology/approach
The data used in the current study was collected from different heritage tourist destinations by using the survey questionnaire method. The proposed conceptual model was tested by applying structural equation modelling (SEM).

Findings
The SEM results reveal that tourists’ HBE, cultural intelligence and destination brand loyalty are positively related to CBHDE, thus implying the impact of these influences on CBHDE, which is mediated by heritage destination brand loyalty.

Practical implications
The results suggest that organizations operating in the heritage tourism and hospitality industry should pay greater attention to tourists experiences and cultural intelligence to achieve CBHDE.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first attempt to investigate CBHDE in the literature. As this work examines three important predictive variables in terms of CBHDE, this work can be considered an important addition to the existing knowledge on heritage tourism destination research.
Characterization and differentiation of aluminum powders used in improvised explosive devices – Part 1: Proof of concept of the utility of particle micromorphometry
Authors: Baldaino JenaMarie , Ommen Danica M. , Saunders Christopher P. , Hietpas Jack , Buscaglia JoAnn 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAluminum (Al) powders are commonly used in improvised explosive devices as metallic fuels, a component of explosive mixtures. These powders can be obtained readily from industrial‐scale and consumer products, and produced using unsophisticated “kitchen chemistry” techniques. This research demonstrates the potential of automated particle micromorphometry for comparisons between known source and questioned Al powders recovered from IEDs, as well as for insight into the method of Al powder manufacture. Al powder samples were obtained from legitimate manufacturers, and 56 samples were produced “in‐house” from Al‐containing spray paints and ball‐milled Al foils. Transmitted light microscope images of Al powder particles were acquired using an automated stage with automated z‐focus; 17 size and shape parameters were measured for all particles. Approximately 37,000–2,500,000 particles/sample were analyzed using an open‐source statistical package with customized code. Dimensionality reduction was required for processing the large datasets: eight of the 17 measured variables were selected based on inspection of the correlation matrix. Data from four subsamples from each of the 56 samples produced using “in‐house” methods were analyzed using ANOVA to assess the within‐ and between‐sample variation. High within‐sample variation was noted; however, ANOVA and post‐hoc Tukey's honestly significant difference (HSD) tests demonstrated that the between‐sample variation was substantially larger than the within‐sample variation. Each sample could be differentiated from all other samples in the test set. Future experiments will focus on ways to reduce the within‐sample variation, and additional statistical and microanalytical methods to classify sources and confidently constrain the method of Al powder manufacture.
Development and field evaluation of a motion sensor activated suction trap to study vector–host interactions
Authors: Sloyer Kristin E. , Burkett‐Cadena Nathan D. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Researchers elucidating vectors of zoonotic diseases encounter problems with inefficient surveillance techniques leading to underestimation of the importance of some species, and the overestimation of the importance of others. Carbon dioxide‐baited light traps are the most widely used traps for sampling vector groups. However aspirating directly from the hosts is the most accurate method to incriminate vectors.

A novel vector trapping system was developed, consisting of a suction trap, activated by a motion sensor, and controlled by a microcontroller, which activates automatically when host animals approach. The prototype was tested in two field experiments with ungulates and biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) at a preserve in Florida. We measured the biting midge community collected at traps near and far from hosts and compared communities using diversity metrics and abundance curves.

Traps activated in the presence of host animals with 94% accuracy. Diversity and richness of Culicoides species differed between sensor and control traps with 11 species captured by control traps and seven species by sensor traps. Vector species were captured in significantly greater numbers in sensor traps, while more non‐vector species were caught in control traps.

Results confirm that vector species can be underrepresented in light trap collections, likely due to their tight associations with vertebrate hosts, a finding that should be taken into consideration when incriminating arbovirus vectors. Our novel trap system was a first attempt at solving the issue of collecting vector species from non‐tame animals, effectively aspirating questing midges. Simple modifications of the system could be made to target other vector–host systems.
Poisson PCA: Poisson measurement error corrected PCA, with application to microbiome data
Authors: Kenney Toby , Gu Hong , Huang Tianshu 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we study the problem of computing a principal component analysis of data affected by Poisson noise. We assume samples are drawn from independent Poisson distributions. We want to estimate principal components of a fixed transformation of the latent Poisson means. Our motivating example is microbiome data, though the methods apply to many other situations. We develop a semiparametric approach to correct the bias of variance estimators, both for untransformed and transformed (with particular attention to log‐transformation) Poisson means. Furthermore, we incorporate methods for correcting different exposure or sequencing depth in the data. In addition to identifying the principal components, we also address the nontrivial problem of computing the principal scores in this semiparametric framework. Most previous approaches tend to take a more parametric line: for example, fitting a log‐normal Poisson (PLN) model. We compare our method with the PLN approach and find that in many cases our method is better at identifying the main principal components of the latent log‐transformed Poisson means, and as a further major advantage, takes far less time to compute. Comparing methods on real and simulated data, we see that our method also appears to be more robust to outliers than the parametric method.
A case of verminous mastitis in a mare
Authors: Gratwick Z. , Frean J. , du Plessis D. , Hewetson M. , Schwan V. 
Published: October 2020

SummaryThis report describes bilateral mammary gland infection with a previously unidentified Cephalobus species of nematode. Only one previous case of verminous mastitis due to a Cephalobus species has been reported, pre‐dating the widespread use of molecular diagnostics. This report describes the case presentation and management, as well as the morphological and molecular methods of nematode identification.
The dermal sheath: An emerging component of the hair follicle stem cell niche
Authors: Martino Pieter A. , Heitman Nicholas , Rendl Michael 
Published: October 2020

AbstractHair follicles cyclically regenerate throughout adult mammalian life, owing to a resident population of epithelial hair follicle stem cells. Stem cell (SC) activity drives bouts of follicle growth, which are periodically interrupted by follicle regression and rest. These phases and the transitions between them are tightly spatiotemporally coordinated by signalling crosstalk between stem/progenitor cells and the various cell types of the microenvironment, or niche. The dermal papilla (DP) is a cluster of specialized mesenchymal cells that have long been recognized for important niche roles in regulating hair follicle SC activation, as well as progenitor proliferation and differentiation during follicle growth. In addition to the DP, the mesenchyme of the murine pelage follicle is also comprised of a follicle‐lining smooth muscle known as the dermal sheath (DS), which has been far less studied than the DP yet may be equally specialized and important for hair cycling. In this review, we define the murine pelage DS in comparison with human DS and discuss recent work that highlights the emergent importance of the DS in the hair follicle SC niche. Last, we examine potential therapeutic applications for the DS in hair regeneration and wound healing.
Patient safety education in pre‐registration nursing programmes in South Korea
Authors: Lee S. E. , Dathinten V. Susan , Do H. 
Published: October 2020

AimsThis study investigated how patient safety is currently taught in pre‐registration nursing programmes across South Korea and explored nurse educators’ perspectives on curriculum change.BackgroundPre‐graduate education plays a critical role in preparing nurses with the requisite patient safety competencies. However, little is known about how patient safety education is addressed in South Korean nursing schools or the perspectives of nurse educators regarding patient safety education and a need for change.MethodsThis descriptive study used data collected during a 2019 accreditation workshop provided by the Korean Accreditation Board of Nursing Education. A paper‐and‐pencil survey was completed by 80 nurse educators working in 16 regions throughout Korea.ResultsA little consistency was found in approaches to teaching patient safety. Patient safety topics are addressed throughout various nursing courses, and patient safety education is limited in hours of instruction and breadth of content. A majority of respondents indicated that additional supports are needed, including a national standardized curriculum for patient safety education.ConclusionA new approach to teaching patient safety is needed in Korean pre‐registration nursing education. Overall, patient safety education is limited and provided through a fragmented approach with little attention to systems, workplace design or human issues that are necessary for developing the critical reasoning and skills to support patient safety.Implications for nursing policyThe accrediting and regulatory bodies in South Korea should work together to develop and implement explicit standards of patient safety education and patient safety competencies for nursing students. Development of a standardized national curriculum is essential for providing a consistent, systematic and comprehensive approach to patient safety education in nursing programmes.
Embedded spiritual conversation in cancer communication: lived experiences of nurses and patients/relatives
Authors: Rochmawati E. , Minanton M. 
Published: October 2020

AimThe study aimed to illuminate the experiences of patients, relatives and nurses in an oncology setting by exploring communication in cancer care.BackgroundLike elsewhere in health settings, communication is a major component in cancer care and has an impact on patient’s outcome. However, nurse–patient/relatives communication is still recognized as an ongoing challenge. Evidence is lacking on the nurse–patient communication in Indonesia particularly in oncology settings.Design of studyThe current study explored the lived experiences of patients, relatives and nursing regarding communication in an oncology setting at a private Islamic hospital. A phenomenological research design on the basis of the naturalistic paradigm was employed. The researchers purposely selected 16 participants and conducted semi‐structured interviews using an interview guide. Colaizzi’s naturalistic phenomenological approach was utilized to analyse the data.ResultsThree themes emerged from the data: Building a compassionate relationship, Spiritual and religious discussion, Maintaining hope. Developing trust and providing empathy as well as showing genuineness are elements in building the compassionate relationship. The religious and spiritual discussion includes reminders to pray and increase self‐transcendence awareness. Patients and their relatives welcome such discussion. Maintaining hope is part of communication that can preserve positive feelings, goals and beliefs of patients and their families for their well‐being.ConclusionEstablishing compassionate relationship is the basis of communication in cancer care. Spiritual and religion, and hope are aspects that nurses and patients and their relatives discuss among themselves. These aspects may affect patient’s outcome and quality of care and require further research.Implication for nursing and health policyFindings suggest that it is important to have communication during cancer care, which includes compassion, spiritual and religious aspect, and hope as it potentially enables patients and relatives to deal with their cancer journey. Our findings have implications for nursing practice, education and policy so that there is an integration of biopsychosocial, and spiritual and religious aspects in cancer communication.
Intravenous peramivir vs oral oseltamivir in high‐risk emergency department patients with influenza: Results from a pilot randomized controlled study
Authors: Hsieh Yu‐Hsiang , Dugas Andrea F. , LoVecchio Frank , McBryde Breana , Ricketts Erin P. , Saliba‐Shaw Kathryn , Rothman Richard E. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundPeramivir offers a single‐dose intravenous (IV) treatment option for influenza (vs 5‐day oral dosing for oseltamivir). We sought to compare outcomes of emergency department (ED) patients at high risk for influenza complications treated with IV peramivir vs oral oseltamivir.MethodsDuring the 2015‐16 and 2016‐17 influenza seasons, adult patients in two US EDs were randomized to either oral oseltamivir or IV peramivir treatment group. Eligibility included positive molecular influenza test; met CDC criteria for antiviral treatment; able to provide informed consent and agree to follow‐up assessment. Outcomes were measured by clinical end‐point indicators, including FLU‐PRO Score, Ordinal Scale, Patient Global Impression on Severity Score, and Karnofsky Performance Scale for 14 days. Non‐inferior t test was performed to assess comparative outcomes between the two groups.ResultsFive hundred and seventy‐five (68%) of 847 influenza‐positive patients were approached. Two hundred and eighty‐four met enrollment criteria and 179 were enrolled; of these 95 (53%) were randomized to peramivir, and 84 to oseltamivir. Average FLU‐PRO score at baseline was similar (peramivir: 2.67 vs oseltamivir: 2.52); the score decreased over time for both groups (day 5: peramivir: 1.71 vs oseltamivir: 1.62; day 10: peramivir: 1.48 vs oseltamivir: 1.37; day 14: peramivir: 1.40 vs oseltamivir: 1.33; all P < .05 for significantly non‐inferior). Influenza‐related complications were similar between two groups (All: peramivir: 31% vs oseltamivir: 21%, P > .05; pneumonia: peramivir: 11% vs oseltamivir: 14%, P > .05).ConclusionsClinical outcomes of influenza‐infected patients treated with single‐dose IV peramivir were comparable to those treated with oral oseltamivir, suggesting potential utility of peramivir for influenza‐infected patients in the ED.
Influence of blood pressure control and application of renin‐angiotensin‐aldosterone system inhibitors on the outcomes in COVID‐19 patients with hypertension
Authors: Chen Renzheng , Yang Jie , Gao Xubin , Ding Xiaohan , Yang Yuanqi , Shen Yang , He Chunyan , Xiang Hedong , Ke Jingbin , Yuan Fangzhengyuan , Cheng Ran , Lv Hailin , Li Ping , Zhang Limin , Liu Chuan , Tan Hu , Huang Lan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractHypertension is proved to be associated with severity and mortality in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). However, little is known about the effects of pre‐admission and/or in‐hospital antihypertension treatments on clinical outcomes. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the association between in‐hospital blood pressure (BP) control and COVID‐19–related outcomes and to compare the effects of different antihypertension treatments. This study included 2864 COVID‐19 patients and 1628 were hypertensive. Patients were grouped according to their BP during hospitalization and records of medication application. Patients with higher BP showed worse cardiac and renal functions and clinical outcomes. After adjustment, subjects with pre‐admission usage of renin‐angiotensin‐aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitors (HR = 0.35, 95%CI 0.14‐0.86, P = .022) had a lower risk of adverse clinical outcomes, including death, acute respiratory distress syndrome, respiratory failure, septic shock, mechanical ventilation, and intensive care unit admission. Particularly, hypertension patients receiving RAAS inhibitor treatment either before (HR = 0.35, 95%CI 0.13‐0.97, P = .043) or after (HR = 0.18, 95%CI 0.04‐0.86, P = .031) admission showed a significantly lower risk of adverse clinical outcomes than those receiving application of other antihypertensive medicines. Furthermore, consecutive application of RAAS inhibitors in COVID‐19 patients with hypertension showed better clinical outcomes (HR = 0.10, 95%CI 0.01‐0.83, P = .033) than non‐RAAS inhibitors users. We revealed that COVID‐19 patients with poor BP control during hospitalization had worse clinical outcomes. Compared with other antihypertension medicines, RAAS inhibitors were beneficial for improving clinical outcomes in COVID‐19 patients with hypertension. Our findings provide direct evidence to support the administration of RAAS inhibitors to COVID‐19 patients with hypertension before and after admission.