bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between H-type hypertension and Cognitive impairment in Kailuan community of China: A cross-sectional study.
Authors: Chen Xueyu , Xi Hui , Ji Long , Xing Weijia , Hou Haifeng , Chen Yanru , Wang Xiaohui , Tang Zhaoyang , Lv Jian , Tan Tan , Ding Guoyong , Hou Qingzhi , Li Dong 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background Hypertension (HTN) and hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) have been reported to be independent predictors of cognitive impairment. However, the conclusions were inconsistent and few studies had reported the combination prediction of HTN and HHcy for cognitive impairment. Our study aimed to evaluate the association between H-type HTN, HTN and HHcy and the risk of cognitive impairment.Methods We used a cross-sectional study- participants aged over 40 years, which were selected from Kailuan communities in China. Cognitive impairment was determined by MMSE scale (MMSE<24). Multivariable logistic regression was used to analyze the association of H-type HTN and cognitive impairment, and we also made stratification analysis by age of participants.Results A total of 3454 participants were included in our study, and ≥65 years old was 16.79%; the gender of male was 56.77%. The prevalence of cognitive impairment in the H-type HTN (HTN+/HHcy+) group (10.74%) was significantly higher than other three groups (2.92%, 6.42%, 5.86%, respectively). The logistic regression results showed that participants with H-type HTN was positively associated with cognitive impairment risk (OR = 2.57, 95% CI: 1.38-4.80). Similar results were observed in participants stratified by age (65 years) (<65 years old: OR =2.01, 95% CI: 0.87- 4.67 ; ≥65 years old: OR=3.63, 95% CI: 1.32-10.01).Conclusion Our finding indicated that H-type HTN was positively associated with the risk of cognitive impairment, especially in ≥ 65 years old. H-type HTN could be the major intervention measures to decrease the incidence of cognitive impairment as well as the stroke in Health Practice Management.
Rapid identification of a candidate gene related to fiber strength using a superior chromosome segment substitution line from Gossypium hirsutum ×Gossypium barbadense via bulked segregant RNA-sequencing
Authors: Zhang Qi , Li Pengtao , Liu Aiying , Lu Quanwei , Gong Juwu , Ge Qun , Li Junwen , Gong Wankui , Shang Haihong , Shi Yuzhen , Yuan Youlu 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Gossypium is the most widely cultivated commercial crop producing natural fiber around the world, and fiber strength principally determined during the secondary wall thickening period is a critical trait for fiber quality. Based on the developed BC 5 F 3:5 CSSLs (chromosome segment substitution lines) from G. hisutum CCRI36 × G. barbadense Hai1, the superior MBI9915 was chosen to construct the secondary segregated population BC 7 F 2 with its recurrent parent CCRI36, which was subjected to Bulk segregant RNA-sequencing (BSR-seq) for rapid identification of candidate genes related to fiber strength. Four fiber-transcriptome libraries were separately constructed and sequenced, including two parents (CCRI36 and MBI9915) and two extreme pools at 20 DPA (days post anathesis). Through multiple comparisons, 3742 DEGs (differentially expressed genes) and 3252 DEGs were separately identified between two parents and between two extreme pools, while 536 DEGs were overlapped between parent and extreme pool groups. A total of 831high-probability SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphism) were identified relevant to fiber strength between two extreme pools through allelic-polymorphism comparison in mRNA sequences, and 18 correlated regions with 1981 annotation genes were finally screened by linkage analysis with SNP-index method, of which including only 12 common genes differentially expressed both between two parents and two pools. Interesting, there was one correlated region consistent with the previous study with the same parents on chromosome A07 with 13-14 Mb, and one common DEG ( Gh_A07G0837 ) in the candidate region was identified in both parents and extreme pools, which has been reported to be involved in fiber strength development through regulating reactive oxygen species (ROS) activity. The reliability of BSR-seq results was validated by the quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) experiments on 5 DEGs at 20 DPA. This study focuses on bulked segregant analysis of the extreme pools from segregation population developed by superior CSSL and its recurrent parent, indicating that BSR-seq can be efficiently applied on rapid identification for candidate genes related to the significant quantitative traits, which provides valuable contributions for comprehension of fiber strength formation in cotton.
Beta-2 microglobulin a robust reference housekeeping genes for RNA expression normalization in real time PCR on human leukocytes
Authors: MILHEM Clara , INGELAERE Céline , MORALES Olivier , DELHEM Nadira 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Changes in gene expression are increasingly used to evaluate the effects of exposure to environmental agents. Housekeeping genes (Hk) are essential in these analyzes as internal controls to normalize expression levels assessed in real-time PCR (RT-PCR). Ideal Hk genes (i) are constitutively expressed; (ii) do not respond to external stimuli and (iii) show small or no variation between samples or from one assay to another. Previous studies indicate that some commonly used Hk genes, including glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and beta-actin, have differential expression in various cell lines. The objective of this study is to identify and validate the most appropriate housekeeping genes for RNA expression analysis of human primary peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in response to antigen like stimulation. Methods: The expression of the five most commonly used genes for a genomic study of lymphocytes was determined [HPRT, 18S, GAPDH, Ubiquitin C (UBC), beta-2 microglobulin (B2M)] on PBMCs, isolated from fresh blood, following activation with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28. This leads to the activation and proliferation of T lymphocytes in order to modulate the expression of specific genes. Results : Using reverse transcriptase RT-PCR protocol, we show that following activation only B2M remain unchanged in PBMCs. This result has been confirmes In contrast, 18S, HPRT and GAPDH show significant variation in PBMC gene expression. Conclusion: Although our results suggest that the relevance of Hk genes should be determined for each experimental condition, B2M appear to be excellent candidate as internal controls. Keywords : Housekeeping genes, RT-PCR, Human primary PBMC.
The Effect of Lifestyle and Risk Factor Modification on Occlusive Peripheral Arterial Disease Outcomes: Standard Healthcare vs Structured Programme: for a Randomised Controlled Trial Protocol
Authors: Elfghi Marah , Jordan Fionnuala , Dunne Denise , Gibson Irene , Jones Jennifer , Flaherty Gerard , Sultan Sherif , Tawfick Wael 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) affects more than 200 million of the global population. PAD represents a marker for premature cardiovascular events. Patients with PAD, even in the absence of a history of myocardial infarction or ischemic stroke, have approximately the same relative risk of death from cardiovascular causes as patients with a history of coronary or cerebrovascular disease. Despite the high prevalence of PAD and the strong association with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, patients with PAD are less likely to receive appropriate treatment for their atherosclerotic risk factors than those who are being treated for coronary artery disease. Atherosclerotic risk factor identification and modification play an important role in reducing the number of adverse outcomes among patients with atherosclerosis. Risk reduction therapy decreases the risk of cardiovascular mortality and morbidity in patients with PAD. In this study we aim to evaluate the effectiveness of a lifestyle and risk factor modification intervention programme in achieving treatment goals for PAD risk factors.Methods: This is a randomised, parallel group, active-control trial to compare the effectiveness of the risk factor modification intervention programme to standard healthcare in a tertiary vascular care centre, in the reduction of modified risk factors in PAD patients. The primary outcome of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a lifestyle and risk factor modification intervention programme in achieving treatment goals for PAD risk factors at 3 and 12 months. The secondary outcomes are to compare the impact of the programme on clinical outcomes in PAD patients at 12 months. Secondary outcomes include amputation-free survival, clinical improvement, haemodynamic improvement, need for revascularisation procedures, outcomes of revascularisation procedures, changes in quality of life and the incidence of adverse events.Discussion: This study will provide clear evidence on the effectiveness of a lifestyle and risk factor modification intervention programme in achieving treatment goals for PAD risk factors, through a high quality, well-powered clinical trial.
Changes in identification of Her2 status according to 2018 College of American Pathologists/American Society of Clinical Oncology (CAP/ASCO) guideline recommendations for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) testing: A real-world study based on consecutive hospital cohort of patients with Her2 IHC 2+ in China (2007-2017)
Authors: Xu Ying , Wang Changjun , Zhou Yi-Dong , Mao Feng , Lin Yan , Shen Song-jie , Zhang Xiao-hui , Sun Qiang 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Trastuzumab has been proved to reduce recurrence and death of Her-2 positive early breast cancer patients. However, the definition of Her-2 positive remains controversial and mutable. The recommendations promoted by ASCO/CAP changed frequently during decades. Although information is available regarding Her2 status and trastuzumab use in the western countries, no related research have been conducted in China to explore the Her-2 status and the utilization of HER2-targeted therapies.Methods: We analysed data from 1,227 patients with histologically proven breast cancer operated in PUMCH from June 2007 to July 2017.There were 1,227 patients with histologically proven Her 2 IHC 2+ breast cancer enrolled in our study. The clinicopathological features, recurrence-free survival (RFS), distant recurrence free survival (DRFS), disease free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were compared among subgroups. Prognostic factors of RFS, DRFS, DFS and OS were identified.Results: Among groups,there was no significant difference in Tumor histology, pT, pTNM stage, Histological grade, Focality, Lymphovascular invasion (LVI), ER, PR, Her2 and Ki67 high (defined as ≥14%) ，surgery of breast，surgery of axilla，percentage of patients who needed chemotherapy, radiation therapy and endocrine therapy. There were significant difference both in the mean age of diagnosis (P=0.005) and different age groups (P=0.003). There was no significant difference in RFS or OS among five groups and between any two groups. There was no significant difference in DRFS and DFS between Group 1 and Group 2 (P=0.011 and P=0.008). According to univariate analyses and Cox multivariate analyses, RFS prognostic factor included pT, LVI and surgery of axilla, pT, pN and ER status were DRFS factors. DFS prognostic factor included pT, pN and PR status. Age at diagnosis, histological type, pT, pN and ER status were prognostic factors of OS.Conclusions: Our study revealed that, according to ASCO/CAP guideline in 2018, compared to patients with HER2-to-CEP17 ratio＜2.0 and average Her2 copy number ＜4.0/tumor cell, the patients with HER2-to-CEP17 ratio＜2.0 and average Her2 copy number ≥4.0 and ＜6/tumor cell showed worse DFS and DRFS. Changing Her2 status of patients with HER2-to-CEP17 ratio＜2.0 and average Her2 copy number ≥4.0 and ＜6/tumor cell from Her2 equivocal to negative seemed not so reasonable.
Heterologous expression of a novel β-1, 4-glucosidase originated from Aspergillus fresenii and its enzymatic characters
Authors: Yang Yongzhi , Wang Jian , Guo Henan , Cao Yunhe 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: β-1, 4-glucosidases play important roles in the degradation of lignocellulosic biomass. It helps generate glucose from cellobiose and oligosaccharides, which could enhance the productivity in biorefinery and bioconversion process for energy and chemicals. Discovering novel β-1, 4-glucosidases can provide broader possibilities and understanding. The purpose of this study was to find a new β-1, 4-glucosidase in Aspergillus fresenii by an efficient method based on the high throughput sequencing technique. Results: With the high throughput sequencing technique, a novel β-1, 4-glucosidase, named bgl T2, was cloned from Aspergillus fresenii , which was 2586 bp encoding 862 amino acid residues based on the sequencing analysis. Its amino acid sequence shared 91%, 80%, 80%, and 78% identity with the β-glucosidases of Aspergillus steynii IBT 23096 (XP_024702113.1), Aspergillus oryzae (5FJJ_A), Aspergillus aculeatus (P48825.1), and Aspergillus fumigatus A1163 (B0XPE1.1), respectively. The β-glucosidase bgl T2 gene was optimized according to the codon bias of Komagataella phaffii (≡ Pichia pastoris (nom. illeg.)) and synthetized. The optimized bgl T2 gene was inserted into plasmid pPICZαA, and transformed into K.phaffii X33 for its heterologous expression and enzymatic characters determination. The heterologous expressed β-glucosidase bgl T2 presented the highest activity at 55 °C and pH 5.5. When bgl T2 treated in citric acid- disodium hydrogen phosphate buffer (from pH 2.5 to pH 8.0) for one hour, the enzymatic activity was stable for pH 3.0 to pH 8.0 treatment, while the enzymatic activity dropped down to 22% with the pH 2.5 treatment. The thermostability half-life of bgl T2 was 9 min 36 s, 4 min 22 s, 117 s, and 68 s under 50 °C, 55 °C, 60 °C, 65 °C incubation, respectively. The Michaelis constant ( K m ) of bgl T2 was 0.0007 mol/L. The maximum rate of bgl T2 theoretical enzymatic reaction ( V max ) was 9×10 -8 mol/L/s. In a 5 L fermentation vessel, the recombinant K.phaffii X33 could yield a β-1, 4-glucosidase activity of 4.45 U/mL after 96 h methanol inducement. Conclusions: As the important enzyme to release glucose in the hydrolysis processes of cellulose, the novel bgl T2 provide a possibility to apply in bioenergy engineering, food processing, feed industry, and nutritional study, etc. This study also developed a path to obtain new enzymes depending on high throughput sequencing technique.
In vitro antimalarial activity of selected medicinal plants native to Tigray region of Ethiopia
Authors: Tekulu Gebretsadkan Hintsa , D’Alessandro Sarah , Parapini Silvia , Basilico Nicoletta , Karim Aman 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
BackgroundVarious medicinal plants are used as alternative remedies for the management of malaria, an important infectious disease responsible for around 228 million cases and 405,000 deaths worldwide in 2018. The worsening of the disease is highly associated to an emergence of drug-resistant parasites. Hence, the search of new alternative antimalarial agents from traditionally used medicinal plants is the most viable approach. The current study was aimed to evaluate the in vitro antiplasmodial property of Aloe elegans, Aloe monticola, Capparis tomentosa, Hygrophila schulli and Tephrosia gracilipes extracts.Methods Leaf latexes were collected from Aloe elegans and Aloe monticola, whereas cold maceration with 70% ethanol was used to prepare extracts from roots of Capparis tomentosa and Tephrosia gracilipes , and leaves of Hygrophila schulli . The antiplasmodial activity of the extracts against asexual and gametocyte stages was tested using parasite lactate dehydrogenase assay and luciferase assay, respectively. Cell cytotoxicity was assessed on human microvascular endothelial cells by the MTT assayResults Of the five selected medicinal plants, leaf latex of Aloe monticola showed the best activity against both asexual stages and stage V gametocytes of Plasmodium falciparum . The leaf latex of Aloe elegans and ethanolic extract of Hygrophila schulli leaves also showed antiplasmodial property against asexual stages. On the contrary, the roots of Capparis tomentosa and Tephrosa gracilipes were inactive.Conclusion Findings of this study may partly support the acclaimed traditional use of the leaves latexes of both Aloe elegans and Aloe monticola and the ethanolic extract of Hygrophila schulli leaves for the management of mild to moderate malaria.
Antifungal Resistance in Patients with Candidemia: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Aldardeer Namareq , Albar Hadiel , Al-Attas Majda , Eldali Abdelmoneim , Qutub Mohammed , Hassanien Ashraf , Alraddadi Basem 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Candidaemia is the most common form of invasive candidiasis. Resistant Candida blood stream infection (BSI) is rising , with limitations on the development of broader-spectrum antifungal agents worldwide. Our study aimed to identify the occurrence of antifungal-resistant candidaemia and the distribution of these species, determine the risk factors associated with antifungal resistance and evaluate the association of antifungal-resistant candidaemia with the length of intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital stay and with 30-day mortality. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Adult patients diagnosed with candidaemia from January 2006 to December 2017 were included. Results: A total of 196 BSIs were identified in 94 males (49.74%) and 95 females (50.26%). C. glabrata was the most commonly isolated Candida species, with 59 (30%) , followed by C. albicans with 46 (23%). Susceptibility data were available for 122/189 patients , of whom 26/122 (21%) were resistant to one or more antifungals. C. parapsilosis with available sensitivity data were found in 30/122 isolates, of which 10/30 (33%) were resistant to fluconazole. Risk factors significantly associated with antifungal-resistant candidaemia included previous echinocandin exposure ( odds ratio (OR) =1.38; 95% confidence interval (CI) (1.02-1.85); P= 0.006) and invasive ventilation (OR=1.3; 95% CI (1.08-1.57); P= 0.005). The median length of ICU stay was 29 days [range 12 -49 days] in the antifungal-resistant group and 18 days [range 6.7-37.5 days] in the antifungal-sensitive group (P=0.28) . The median length of hospital stay was 51 days [range 21-138 days] in the antifungal-resistant group and 35 days [range 17-77 days] in the antifungal-sensitive group (P=0.09). Thirty-day mortality was 15 (57.7%) and 54 (56.25%) among the antifungal-resistant and antifungal-sensitive groups , respectively (OR=1.01; 95% CI (0.84-1.21); P= 0.89). Conclusions: Our results indicate a high frequancy of non- C. albicans candidaemia . The rise in C. parapsilosis resistance to fluconazole is alarming. Further studies are required to confirm this finding
Obesidade e gestação: a importância da correlação na avaliação dos riscos materno-fetais
Authors: Brandão Paula Zamboti , Silva Thauane Barbosa da , Siqueira Emílio Conceição de 
Published: December 2019

A obesidade define-se por excesso de tecido adiposo na composição corporal de um indivíduo¹, a mesma possui causa multifatorial e se caracteriza por altas taxas de agravos e mortes no mundo Em relação a gestação, complicações como a diabetes, pré-eclâmpsia , eclampsia e parto cirúrgico são algumas das intercorrências que podem afetar a gestante; enquanto o bebê pode apresentar índices elevados de malformação fetal, macrossomia e hipoglicemia neonatal ².O presente trabalho constitui-se de uma pesquisa exploratória que usa como procedimento o levantamento bibliográfico e a coleta de dados de artigos científicos das áreas examinadas. A nutrição da mulher influencia tanto o período gestacional quanto o puerpério e está diretamente ligada a possibilidade de intercorrências na saúde da mãe e do concepto. A gestante está sujeita a complicações como diabetes, desordens hipertensivas e parto cesariana enquanto o recém nato pode apresentar problemas decorrentes de malformação fetal, peso elevado para a idade gestacional além de quadros de hipoglicemia neonatal ². Durante a gravidez, o organismo feminino sofre diversas alterações a fim de proporcionar o desenvolvimento do embrião9. O peso da mulher antes da gestação tem estrita relação com o aumento ponderal durante a gravidez, além de influenciar de forma direta na saúde da mãe e do concepto. Assim, a obesidade associa-se de maneira direta ao prognóstico da gestação. Desta maneira, a perda de peso, prática regular de atividades físicas e alimentação saudável devem ser estimuladas pelos profissionais de saúde, com o fim de promover a saúde materna e fetal.
Palavras chave: Obesidade; gestação; feto
Relato de Experiência: Projeto de Pesquisa Anatomia nas Escolas realizado no município de Vassouras
Authors: Sampaio Juliana Profilo , Roberto Leite Fabiane , Freitas Karine Grillo de , Ferraz Julia da Silveira Pacheco , Alves-Junior Valdir Donizeti , Siqueira Emílio Conceição de 
Published: December 2019

Há uma grande dificuldade no ensino escolar brasileiro, que é a correlação de conteúdos teóricos abordados, com a prática referente ao mesmo, principalmente quando se trata do ensino da anatomia humana. Isso ocorre devido à falta de recursos para a construção de laboratórios nas escolas, ou mesmo aquelas que já possuem, faltam recursos para sua manutenção e para o estímulo dos professores a desempenharem tal função nas escolas. O projeto Anatomia nas Escolas propõe interligar os conhecimentos teóricos e práticos no ambiente escolar, visando uma melhor compreensão sobre o corpo humano, a localização dos órgãos, suas principais funções e correlações clínicas relevantes a respeito de doenças e hábitos de vida prejudiciais à saúde. Neste estudo relatamos a experiência da Liga de Anatomia no primeiro trimestre de 2019 no projeto Anatomia nas Escolas, no qual realizamos atividades com encontros mensais no Colégio Estadual Centenário. A metodologia utilizada consiste, em um primeiro momento, na aplicação de um pré-teste, com perguntas relacionadas ao sistema que será abordado e, no segundo momento, no desenvolvimento de aulas teóricas e práticas. Após ser administrado a aula, é aplicado um pós-teste com questões equivalentes a primeira avaliação para analisar o desempenho que os alunos obtiveram. Ao final, fazemos uma dinâmica, com perguntas e respostas utilizando um manequim e órgãos plastificados. Desse modo, o objetivo do projeto é através do ensino prático consolidar o conhecimento dos sistemas do corpo humano ensinado nas escolas e promover o cuidado em saúde dos alunos no município de Vassouras.