bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epidemiology of acute pediatric poisonings in Spain: a prospective multicenter study from the Spanish Society of Pediatric Emergency Medicine
Authors: Santiago Paula , Bilbao Nerea , Martinez-Indart Lorea , Mintegi Santiago , Azkunaga Beatriz 
Published: December 2019

Objective:
To identify types of childhood poisoning exposures leading to consultation to emergency departments (ED) in Spain.

Methods:
We carried out a multicenter prospective registry-based cohort study including children with acute poisonings presenting to 55 pediatric EDs of the Spanish Society of Pediatric Emergency Medicine between 2008 and 2017, during previously designated certain days.

Results:
During the study period, we registered 749 803 pediatric ED presentations, of which 1749 were for poisonings (0.23%). Most commonly involved toxicants were therapeutic drugs (845, 48.3%), household products (387, 22.1%), ethanol (168, 9.6%), cosmetics (88, 5%) and CO (73, 4.2%). We identified five types of poisoning presentations. Two types occurring at home involving young children accounted for 1368 episodes (78.2%): non-intentional ingestions and dosage error of therapeutic drugs (791, 45.2%), and non-intentional ingestions of household products and cosmetics (577, 33%). Most commonly involved toxicants were benzodiazepines and detergents in each group. The remaining three groups required more interventions in the ED and had a lower rate of outpatient management: intentional ingestion of therapeutic drugs (105, 6%, frequently suicide attempts, mainly with benzodiazepines or combinations of therapeutic drugs), non-intentional inhalation of CO (76, 4.3%) and recreational ingestion of ethanol or use of illicit drugs (200, 11.4%). The distribution of these groups showed differences related to sex, domestic habits of storage of toxicants, symptoms, management in the ED and patient disposition.

Conclusion:
We identified five different types of childhood poisoning presentations to Spanish EDs. Best practices need to be identified for prevention of these episodes. European Journal of Emergency Medicine XXX: 000–000 Copyright © 2019 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
Extrapancreatic Inflammation on Magnetic Resonance Imaging for the Early Prediction of Acute Pancreatitis Severity
Authors: Zhou Ting , Chen Yong , Wu Jia-Long , Deng Yan , Zhang Ju , Sun Huan , Lan Chuan , Zhang Xiao-ming 
Published: December 2019

Objectives
This work aimed to study the early predictive value of extrapancreatic inflammation on magnetic resonance imaging (EPIM) for acute pancreatitis (AP) severity.

Methods
The EPIM score, magnetic resonance severity index, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE II) score, bedside index of severity in AP, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels were evaluated for 337 AP patients. The extrapancreatic inflammation on computed tomography (EPIC) was also assessed for 86 patients undergoing computed tomography. The predictive values of these scores for severe AP and organ failure were evaluated using receiver operating characteristic curve analyses.

Results
Of the 337 AP patients, 55 (16.3%) had organ failure and 17 (5.0%) had severe AP. The EPIM showed a strong correlation with the EPIC (r = 0.794, P < 0.001) and had a higher correlation with the APACHE II and hospital stay compared with the EPIC. The accuracy of the EPIM in predicting severe AP and organ failure (areas under the curve, 0.844 and 0.817) was consistent with that of the APACHE II and bedside index of severity in AP, and higher than that of the magnetic resonance severity index.

Conclusion
The EPIM is more helpful in assessing AP severity than the EPIC and can indicate the occurrence of severe AP and organ failure early.
The Quebec Low Back Pain Study: a protocol for an innovative 2-tier provincial cohort
Authors: Pagé Gabrielle M. , Lacasse Anaïs ,   the Quebec Back Pain Consortium (in alphabetical order), Beaudet Nicolas , Choinière Manon , Deslauriers Simon , Diatchenko Luda , Dupuis Laurent , Grégoire Stéphanie , Hovey Richard , Leclair Erwan , Leonard Guillaume , Meloto Carolina B. , Montagna Francesca , Parent Alexandre , Rainville Pierre , Roy Jean-Sébastien , Roy Mathieu , Ware Mark A. , Wideman Timothy H. , Stone Laura S. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Introduction:
The neurobiological mechanisms underlying recovery from or persistence of low back pain (LBP) remain misunderstood, limiting progress toward effective management. We have developed an innovative two-tier design to study the transition from acute to chronic LBP. The objective of the first tier is to create a provincial web-based infrastructure to recruit and monitor the trajectory of individuals with acute LBP. The objective of the second tier is to fuel hypothesis-driven satellite data collection centers with specialized expertise to study the role of biomechanical, epigenetic, genetic, neuroanatomical, ontological, physiological, psychological, and socioeconomic factors in LBP chronicity.

Methods:
This article describes the first tier of the protocol: establishment of the Core Dataset and Cohort. Adults with acute LBP will be recruited through networks, media, and health care settings. A web-based interface will be used to collect self-reported variables at baseline and at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months. Acute LBP will be defined according to the Dionne 2008 consensus. Measurements will include the Canadian minimum data set for chronic LBP research, DN4 for neuropathic pain, comorbidities, EQ-5D-5L for quality of life, and linkage with provincial medico-administrative databases. The primary outcome will be the transition to chronic LBP, as defined by Deyo 2014. Secondary outcomes include health care resource utilization, disability, sick leave, mood, and quality of life.

Perspective:
This study brings together diverse research expertise to investigate the transition from acute to chronic LBP, characterize the progression to recovery or chronicity, and identify patterns associated with that progression.
Improvements in clinical pain and experimental pain sensitivity after cognitive functional therapy in patients with severe persistent low back pain
Authors: Vaegter Henrik Bjarke , Ussing Kaper , Johansen Jannick Vaaben , Stegemejer Irene , Palsson Thorvaldur Skuli , O'Sullivan Peter , Kent Peter 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Introduction:
Multidisciplinary care is recommended for disabling persistent low back pain (pLBP) nonresponsive to primary care. Cognitive functional therapy (CFT) is a physiotherapy-led individualised intervention targeting psychological, physical, and lifestyle barriers to recovery, to self-manage pLBP.

Objectives:
This pilot study investigated clinical outcomes and pain thresholds after a 12-week CFT pathway in patients with severe pLBP referred to a University Pain Center. Exploratory analyses compared changes in clinical outcomes, opioid consumption, and costs after CFT with changes after a multidisciplinary pain management (MPM) pathway.

Methods:
In total, 47 consecutively referred pLBP patients consented to the CFT pathway. At baseline, 3 and 6 months, clinical outcomes and PPTs were assessed. Control patients (n = 99) who had completed an MPM pathway in the last 3 years were matched from the clinical pain registry used in the Pain Center in a 3:1 ratio based on propensity scores derived from relevant baseline variables of the CFT cases.

Results:
Most clinical outcomes and low back pressure pain threshold were improved at 3 and 6 months after the CFT pathway. Compared with MPM, CFT patients had significantly larger reductions in disability and improved quality of life after the interventions at a lower cost (−3688€ [confidence interval: −3063 to −4314€]). Reduction in pain intensity and proportion of patients withdrawing from opioids (18.2% vs 27.8%) were similar between CFT and MPM groups.

Conclusion:
Improvements in clinical and experimental pain were found after the CFT pathway. Fully powered randomized controlled trials comparing CFT with an MPM program in patients with disabling pLBP are warranted to control for the current limitations.
How Should the Surgical Approach In Thyroidectomy Be Selected? A Prospective Study Comparing the Trauma of 3 Different Thyroidectomy Surgical Approaches
Authors: Jian Chen-xing , Wu Li-min , Zheng Zi-fang , Liu Wei , Fang Jian-ying , Tu Hai-jian 
Published: December 2019

Objective:
To compare the trauma of 3 different surgical approaches and provide a reference for clinicians in choosing the operative procedure.

Patients and Methods:
A total of 150 patients were divided into the total endoscopic thyroidectomy (TET), endoscopic-assisted thyroidectomy (EAT), and conventional open thyroidectomy (COT) groups, with 50 patients in each group. The peripheral blood C-reactive protein (CRP) levels at different postoperative time points, operative time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative drainage volume, postoperative pain, degree of satisfaction with the incision appearance, postoperative extubation time, and swallowing discomfort 3 months after surgery were compared among the groups that received different surgical approaches.

Results:
The operative time of TET was longer than that of COT and EAT. The intraoperative blood loss was significantly lower in the TET and EAT groups than in the COT group. The postoperative drainage volume was lowest after EAT and highest after TET. The extubation time was significantly shorter after EAT than after TET and COT. The 6-hour CRP level was significantly higher after TET than after EAT and COT, and the 24-hour CRP level was better in the EAT group than in the other 2 groups. The CRP levels at 72 hours postoperatively were lowest in the EAT group and highest in the TET group. Postoperative pain was significantly lower after EAT than after TET and COT. Cosmetic satisfaction was highest in the TET group and lowest in the COT group. Swallowing discomfort was lowest in the EAT group and highest in the TET group. There was a positive correlation between the drainage volume on the first postoperative day, the drainage tube removal time, dysphagia, and the CRP level in each period. There was a positive correlation between pain, cosmetic satisfaction and CRP in 2 of the time periods.

Conclusions:
All 3 types of thyroidectomy are safe and reliable in benign tumor resection. Therefore, in clinical practice, the age, sex, and cosmetic needs of the patients, and the oncological safety should all be considered to provide patients with the most appropriate recommendations. In view of oncological safety, TET should be carefully selected for malignant tumor resection.
Levonorgestrel modulates innate immune activation in human endocervical epithelium and monocytes duringChlamydia trachomatisinfection
Authors: Eastman Alison J. , Liu Sophia , Bell Jason D. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractProblemOur group has previously shown that baboons with a levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) have delayed clearance ofChlamydia trachomatis(Ct). Based on this result, we hypothesized that LNG results in changes to development of the immune response by epithelial and resident innate immune cells.Method of StudyUsing the end1 endocervical cell line or the THP.1 monocyte-like cell line, cells were exposed to increasing levels of progesterone (P4) or a dose of LNG representative of LNG in reproductive tract tissues of women with an LNG-IUS. Ct was used at an MOI of 1 and supernatants were collected for ELISA at 48 hours post-infection. Select nuclear receptors were inhibited to determine which receptor contributed to LNG-mediated immunosuppression.ResultsCervical epithelial cells infected with Ct expressed IL-1β when treated with vehicle control. P4 further increased IL-1β expression during Ct infection, while LNG decreased IL-1β expression. Treatment with the androgen receptor blocker ailanthone prevented LNG-mediated immunosuppression.ConclusionsLNG in the presence of increasing P4 suppresses IL-1β production in response to Ct infectionin vitro. This appears to be mediated at least in part by the androgen receptor. This has implications for women with LNG-IUS at high risk for sexually transmitted infections.
LGI1 downregulation increases neuronal circuit excitability
Authors: Lugarà Eleonora , Kaushik Rahul , Leite Marco , Chabrol Elodie , Dityatev Alexander , Lignani Gabriele , Walker Matthew C. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractLGI1 (Leucine-Rich Glioma-Inactivated 1) is a secreted trans-synaptic protein that interacts presynaptically with Kv1.1 potassium channels and ADAM23, and postsynaptically, influencing AMPA receptors through a direct link with the ADAM22 cell adhesion protein. Haploinsufficiency of LGI1 or autoantibodies directed against LGI1 are associated with human epilepsy, generating the hypothesis that a subacute reduction of LGI1 is sufficient to increase network excitability. We tested this hypothesis inex vivohippocampal slices and in neuronal cultures, by subacutely reducing LGI1 expression with shRNA. Injection of shRNA-LGI1 in the hippocampus increased dentate granule cell excitability and low frequency facilitation of mossy fibers to CA3 pyramidal cell neurotransmission. Application of the Kv1 family blocker, alpha-dendrotoxin, occluded this effect, implicating the involvement of Kv1.1. This subacute reduction of LGI1 was also sufficient to increase neuronal network activity in neuronal primary culture. These results indicate that a subacute reduction in LGI1 potentiates neuronal excitability and short-term synaptic plasticity, and increases neuronal network excitability, opening new avenues for the treatment of limbic encephalitis and temporal lobe epilepsies.Significant StatementDown-regulation of LGI1 protein increases excitability at mossy fiber to CA3 pyramidal cell synapses and in hippocampal primary cultures. These alterations alter network function and so could contribute to symptoms observed in patients affected by limbic encephalitis.
sisterless Ais required for activation ofSex lethalin theDrosophilagermline
Authors: Goyal Raghav , Baxter Ellen , Van Doren Mark 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTBoth somatic cells and germ cells must establish their correct sexual identity for proper gametogenesis. InDrosophila,sex determination in somatic cells is controlled by the switch geneSex lethal(Sxl), which is activated in females by the presence of two X chromosomes. Though germline sex determination is much less well understood,Sxlis also essential for the female identity in germ cells. Loss ofSxlfunction in the germline results in ovarian germline tumors, a characteristic of male germ cells developing in a female soma. Further,Sxlexpression is sufficient for XY (male) germ cells to produce eggs when transplanted into XX (female) somatic gonads. As in the soma, the presence of two X chromosomes activatesSxlin the germline, but the mechanism for “counting” X chromosomes in the germline is thought to be different from the soma. Here we have explored this mechanism at bothcis- andtrans-levels. Our data support the model that theSxl“establishment” promoter (SxlPE) is activated in a female-specific manner in the germline, as in the soma, but that the timing ofSxlPEactivation, and the DNA elements that regulateSxlPE,are different in the germline. Nevertheless, we find that the X chromosome genesisterless A (sisA),which helps activateSxlin the soma, is also essential forSxlactivation in the germline. Loss ofsisAleads causes of Sxl expression in the germline, and to ovarian tumors and germline loss. These defects can be rescued by Sxl expression, demonstrating thatsisAlies upstream ofSxlin germline sex determination. We conclude thatsisAacts as an X chromosome counting element in both the soma and the germline, but that additional factors regulating female-specific expression ofSxlin the germline remain to be discovered.AUTHOR SUMMARYThe production of sperm and eggs requires proper sexual identity to be established in both somatic cells and the germ cells, which ultimately produce the gametes. While somatic sex determination has been well studied in a number of organisms, how germ cells establish their sexual identity is much less well understood. In Drosophila, the RNA binding protein Sex lethal (Sxl) is essential for female sexual identity in both the soma and the germline, but its regulation in the germline is thought to be different than in the soma. Here we explore howSxlis activated in the germline. We find that the germline uses a different set of DNA elements to control activation of the key sex-specificSxlpromoter. Nonetheless, one of the activators ofSxlin the soma, the transcription factor Sisterless A (SisA), also acts to activateSxlin the germline. Our data indicate that, while SisA acts as a common activator in both the soma and germline, additional, germline-specificSxlactivators remain to be discovered.
Disease associated protein-protein interaction network reconstruction based on comprehensive influence analysis
Authors: Zhu Fei , Li Feifei , Ling Xinghong , Liu Quan , Shen Bairong 
Published: December 2019

AbstractProteins and their interactions are fundamental to biological system. With the scientific paradigm shifting to systems biology, functional study of proteins from a network viewpoint to get a deep understanding of their roles in human life and diseases being increasingly essential. Although several methods already existed for protein-protein interaction (PPI) network building, the precise reconstruction of disease associated PPI network remains a challenge. In this paper we introduce a novel concept of comprehensive influence of proteins in network, in which direct and indirect connections are adopted for the calculation of influential effects of a protein with different weights. With the optimized weights, we calculate and select the important proteins and their interactions to reconstruct the PPI network for further validation and confirmation. To evaluate the performance of the method, we compared our model with the six existed ones by using five standard data sets. The results indicated that our method outperforms the existed ones. We then applied our model to prostate cancer and Parkinson’s disease to predict novel disease associated proteins for the future experimental validation.Author SummaryThe diverse protein-protein interaction networks have dramatic effects on biological system. The disease associated PPI networks are generally reconstructed from experimental data with computational models but with limited accuracy. We developed a novel concept of comprehensive influence of proteins in network for reconstructing the PPI network. Our model outperforms the state-of-the-art ones and we then applied our model to identify novel interactions for further validation.
Phase-contrast 3D tomography of HeLa cells grown in PLLA polymer electrospun scaffolds using synchrotron X-rays
Authors: Bhartiya A. , Madi K. , Disney C. M. , Courtois L. , Jupe A. , Zhang F. , Bodey A. J. , Lee P. , Rau C. , Robinson I. K. , Yusuf M. 
Published: December 2019

Advanced imaging is useful for understanding the three-dimensional (3D) growth of cells. X-ray tomography serves as a powerful noninvasive, nondestructive technique that can fulfill these purposes by providing information about cell growth within 3D platforms. There are a limited number of studies taking advantage of synchrotron X-rays, which provides a large field of view and suitable resolution to image cells within specific biomaterials. In this study, X-ray synchrotron radiation microtomography at Diamond Light Source and advanced image processing were used to investigate cellular infiltration of HeLa cells within poly L-lactide (PLLA) scaffolds. This study demonstrates that synchrotron X-rays using phase contrast is a useful method to understand the 3D growth of cells in PLLA electrospun scaffolds. Two different fiber diameter (2 and 4 µm) scaffolds with different pore sizes, grown over 2, 5 and 8 daysin vitro, were examined for infiltration and cell connectivity. After performing visualization by segmentation of the cells from the fibers, the results clearly show deeper cell growth and higher cellular interconnectivity in the 4 µm fiber diameter scaffold. This indicates the potential for using such 3D technology to study cell–scaffold interactions for future medical use.
Gratitude in franchisor-franchisee relationships: does personality matter?
Authors: Quach Sara , Weaven Scott K. , Thaichon Park , Baker Brent , Edwards Chase Jeremiah 
Published: December 2019

PurposeThis paper aims to investigate the emerging relevance of gratitude within a contracted, long-term business-to-business context. Specifically, the authors examine the relationships between personality, gratitude and performance in franchisor–franchisee relationships.Design/methodology/approachA self-report survey was used to collect data from a sample of 225 franchisees drawn from across 28 franchise systems.FindingsThe results reveal that extraversion had a negative relationship with gratitude, while agreeableness and emotional stability were positively related to gratitude. Gratitude was also positively related to performance and mediated the relationship between extraversion, agreeableness and emotional stability and performance. Moreover, the results confirm that relationship length moderated the relationship between conscientiousness and gratitude.Research limitations/implicationsThe study shows that an individual’s personality is a factor in determining the onset of perceived gratitude, which acts as a mediating mechanism between personality and performance. This extends current research into the relational sentiment of gratitude, which has, to date, only examined the traits of the benefactor within the context of perceived benefits.Practical implicationsIt is proposed that the knowledge of franchisees’ personal characteristics can be used to develop and maintain on-going interpersonal relationships between franchisees and franchisors. Moreover, the authors suggest that franchisors’ relationship strategy should be revised over time to maintain its effectiveness.Originality/valueThis paper represents the first empirical examination of the influence of personality on an individual’s proclivity to experience felt gratitude in a franchisor–franchisee relationship. This addresses one of the major issues in franchising research, which often overlooks the role of individual dispositional personality traits.
Study on mechanical properties of non-dispersible concrete in seawater environment
Authors: Wu Huijun 
Published: December 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to research the hardened properties of non-dispersible concrete in seawater environment, especially in seawater environment.

Design/methodology/approach
The main approach is according to the experiment.

Findings
The findings of this paper are: first, because of the washing effect of water, the strength of underwater non-dispersible concrete is lower than that of terrestrial concrete. Second, the strength of non-dispersible underwater concrete with silica fume increases remarkably at different ages. Third, underwater non-dispersible concrete does not produce new products when it is formed and cured in seawater.

Originality/value
In this paper, underwater non-dispersible concrete is formed and maintained on land, freshwater and seawater by underwater pouring method. The working performance, mechanical properties and durability of underwater non-dispersible concrete mixtures after hardening are tested.