bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and outcome of candidemia in critically ill patients in Germany: a single-center retrospective 10-year analysis
Authors: Schroeder Maria , Weber Theresa , Denker Timme , Winterland Sarah , Wichmann Dominic , Rohde Holger , Ozga Ann-Kathrin , Fischer Marlene , Kluge Stefan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Despite advances in the management of bloodstream infections (BSI) caused by Candida spp., the mortality still remains high in critically ill patients. The worldwide epidemiology of yeast-related BSI is subject to changing species distribution and resistance patterns, challenging antifungal treatment strategies. The aim of this single-center study was to identify predictors of mortality after 28 and 180 days in a cohort of mixed surgical and medical critically ill patients with candidemia.

Methods
Patients, who had been treated for laboratory-confirmed BSI caused by Candida spp. in one of 12 intensive care units (ICU) at a University hospital between 2008 and 2017, were retrospectively identified. We retrieved data including clinical characteristics, Candida species distribution, and antifungal management from electronic health records to identify risk factors for mortality at 28 and 180 days using a Cox regression model.

Results
A total of 391 patients had blood cultures positive for Candida spp. (incidence 4.8/1000 ICU admissions). The mortality rate after 28 days was 47% (n = 185) and increased to 60% (n = 234) after 180 days. Age (HR 1.02 [95% CI 1.01–1.03]), a history of liver cirrhosis (HR 1.54 [95% CI 1.07–2.20]), septic shock (HR 2.41 [95% CI 1.73–3.37]), the Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment score (HR 1.12 [95% CI 1.07–1.17]), Candida score (HR 1.25 [95% CI 1.11–1.40]), and the length of ICU stay at culture positivity (HR 1.01 [95% CI 1.00–1.01]) were significant risk factors for death at 180 days. Patients, who had abdominal surgery (HR 0.66 [95% CI 0.48–0.91]) and patients, who received adequate (HR 0.36 [95% CI 0.24–0.52]) or non-adequate (HR 0.31 [95% CI 0.16–0.62]) antifungal treatment, had a reduced mortality risk compared to medical admission and no antifungal treatment, respectively.

Conclusions
The mortality of critically ill patients with Candida BSI is high and is mainly determined by disease severity, multiorgan dysfunction, and antifungal management rather than species distribution and susceptibility. Our results underline the importance of timely treatment of candidemia. However, controversies remain on the optimal definition of adequate antifungal management.
Vertical handover algorithm based on multi-attribute and neural network in heterogeneous integrated network
Authors: Tan Xiaonan , Chen Geng , Sun Hongyu 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA novel vertical handover algorithm based on multi-attribute and neural network for heterogeneous integrated network is proposed in this paper. The whole frame of the algorithm is constructed by setting the network environment in which we use the network resources by switching between UMTS, GPRS, WLAN, 4G, and 5G. Each network build their own three-layer BP (Back Propagation, BP) neural network model and then the maximum transmission rate, minimum delay, SINR (signal to interference and noise ratio, SINR), bit error rate, user moving speed, and packet loss rate which can affect the overall performance of the wireless network are employed as reference objects to participate in the setting of BP neural network input layer neurons and the training and learning process of subsequent neural network data. Finally, the network download rate is adopted as prediction target to evaluate performance on the five wireless networks and then the vertical handover algorithm will select the right wireless network to perform vertical handover decision. The simulation results on MATLAB platform show that the vertical handover algorithm designed in this paper has a handover success rate up to 90% and realizes efficient handover and seamless connectivity between multi-heterogeneous networks.
Eating quickly is associated with a low aspartate aminotransferase to alanine aminotransferase ratio in middle-aged adults: a large-scale cross-sectional survey in Japan
Authors: Ozaki Eri , Ochiai Hirotaka , Shirasawa Takako , Yoshimoto Takahiko , Nagahama Satsue , Muramatsu Jun , Chono Takahiko , Ito Takayoshi , Inoue Haruhiro , Kokaze Akatsuki 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
An elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and a low aspartate aminotransferase (AST) to ALT ratio (AST/ALT ratio) suggest nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, increasing the risk of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. In addition, eating quickly has been found to be associated with outcomes such as obesity. This study sought to investigate the relationship between eating quickly and an elevated ALT or a low AST/ALT ratio in Japanese middle-aged adults.

Methods
The present study included 283,073 adults aged 40–64 years who had annual health checkups in Japan from April 2013 to March 2014. The data of serum parameters and lifestyle factors, including eating speed, were analyzed. An elevated ALT was defined as > 40 U/L, and a low AST/ALT ratio was defined as < 1. Logistic regression analysis was performed to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) and the 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for an elevated ALT and a low AST/ALT ratio.

Results
Significantly increased ORs for an elevated ALT were observed in men (OR: 1.45, 95% CI: 1.41–1.49) and women (OR: 1.34, 95% CI: 1.25–1.43). Moreover, eating quickly significantly increased the ORs for a low AST/ALT ratio in men (OR: 1.53, 95% CI: 1.50–1.56) and women (OR: 1.36, 95% CI: 1.31–1.41). When the analysis was limited to those with ALT ≤40 U/L, eating quickly had significantly increased ORs for a low AST/ ALT ratio, regardless of sex.

Conclusions
Eating quickly was significantly associated with an elevated ALT and a low AST/ALT ratio. In addition, eating quickly was significantly associated with a low AST/ALT ratio even for those without ALT elevation. This study suggested that modification of eating speed may contribute to reducing the risk for an elevated ALT and a low AST/ALT ratio.
Network-level functional connectivity alterations in chemotherapy treated breast cancer patients: a longitudinal resting state functional MRI study
Authors: Feng Yun , Wang Yun Fei , Zheng Li Juan , Shi Zhao , Huang Wei , Zhang Long Jiang 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Previous studies have found abnormal structural and functional brain alterations in breast cancer survivors undergoing chemotherapy. However, the network-level brain changes following chemotherapy remain unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the dynamic changes of large-scale within- and between-network functional connectivity in chemotherapy-treated breast cancer patients.

Methods
Seventeen breast cancer patients were evaluated with resting state functional MRI (rs-fMRI), neuropsychological tests and blood examination before postoperative chemotherapy (t0), one week after completing chemotherapy (t1) and six months after completing chemotherapy (t2). Nineteen age- and education level-matched healthy controls (HC) were also recruited. Independent components analysis (ICA) was performed to assess network component using rs-fMRI data. The functional network changes were then correlated with cognitive assessment scores and blood biochemical indexes.

Results
One-way repeated measures ANOVA revealed significantly changed within-network functional connectivity in the anterior and posterior default mode network (ADMN and PDMN), left and right frontoparietal network (LFPN and RFPN), visual network and self-referential network. Post-hoc test showed that decreased within-network functional connectivity in ADMN, PDMN, LFPN, RFPN, SRN and central network one week after chemotherapy and increased six months after chemotherapy (all P < 0.05). As for the between-network functional connectivity, the PDMN- sensorimotor network connectivity showed the same tendency. Most of these within- and between-network functional connectivity changes were negatively associated with blood biochemical indexes and cognitive assessment scores (all P < 0.05).

Conclusions
These results indicated that chemotherapy may induce widespread abnormalities in resting state networks, which may serve as a potential biomarker of chemotherapy related cognitive impairment, providing insights for further functional recovery treatment.
Palmitoylated CKAP4 regulates mitochondrial functions through an interaction with VDAC2 at ER–mitochondria contact sites
Authors: Harada Takeshi , Sada Ryota , Osugi Yoshito , Matsumoto Shinji , Matsuda Tomoki , Hayashi-Nishino Mitsuko , Nagai Takeharu , Harada Akihiro , Kikuchi Akira 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT
Cytoskeleton-associated protein 4 (CKAP4) is a palmitoylated type II transmembrane protein localized to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Here, we found that knockout (KO) of CKAP4 in HeLaS3 cells induces the alteration of mitochondrial structures and increases the number of ER–mitochondria contact sites. To understand the involvement of CKAP4 in mitochondrial functions, the binding proteins of CKAP4 were explored, enabling identification of the mitochondrial porin voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 2 (VDAC2), which is localized to the outer mitochondrial membrane. Palmitoylation at Cys100 of CKAP4 was required for the binding between CKAP4 and VDAC2. In CKAP4 KO cells, the binding of inositol trisphosphate receptor (IP3R) and VDAC2 was enhanced, the intramitochondrial Ca2+ concentration increased and the mitochondrial membrane potential decreased. In addition, CKAP4 KO decreased the oxidative consumption rate, in vitro cancer cell proliferation under low-glucose conditions and in vivo xenograft tumor formation. The phenotypes were not rescued by expression of a palmitoylation-deficient CKAP4 mutant. These results suggest that CKAP4 plays a role in maintaining mitochondrial functions through the binding to VDAC2 at ER–mitochondria contact sites and that palmitoylation is required for this novel function of CKAP4.
This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Case Report: Thalamomesencephalic stroke due to vasculitis in a patient with HIV
Authors: George Jerry , Joseph Sibi , Tau Mongezi , Ibanez Valdes Lourdes de Fatima , Dubula Thozama , Foyaca-Sibat Humberto 
Published: October 2020

We present a 41-year-old HIV-positive female patient complaining of complete right palpebral ptosis, diplopia, and inability to balance herself. On examination, the right eye was able to move laterally and downwards. The motor exam showed left hemiparesis (4/5) on upper and lower limbs, bilateral Babinski sign with left hemiataxia without the sensory disorder. A computed tomography (CT) angiogram confirmed a diffuse vasculitis with parenchymal changes in the right thalamus and midbrain. CT scan and magnetic resonance imaging angiography demonstrated an ischemic infarct on the right paramedian branch of the posterior cerebral artery territory. This patient did not present clinical manifestations of the thalamic lesion. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of a young patient presenting a unilateral thalamomesencephalic ischemic stroke secondary to HIV vasculitis with bilateral Babinski signs and without thalamic signs in the medical literature.
Natriuretic peptides and their usefulness in clinical practise
Authors: Skałecka Aleksandra , Krupa Karol , Słabczyńska Aleksandra , Romaniuk Małgorzata , Suswał Konrad , Milanowski Janusz 
Published: October 2020

Natriuretic peptides are peptic hormones produced by atrial and ventricular myocytes, and by endothelium of blood vessels, that take part in homeostatic control of water and sodium levels, but also potassium transport, lipolysis in adipocytes and blood pressure regulation. Three different natriuretic peptides are distinguished: atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), b-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and c-type natriuretic peptide (CNP). Those peptides are responsible mostly for water-sodium homeostasis and regulation of blood pressure. Levels of natriuretic peptides increase significantly in diseases and disorders such as congestive heart failure and pulmonary hypertension, that is why natriuretic peptides were found useful in diagnosis and monitoring of said diseases. In clinical practise, BNP and NT-proBNP levels are mostly used.
Irritable bowel syndrome - risk factors, pathogenesis and treatment options
Authors: Wójcik Magdalena , Dąbrowska Justyna , Szarpak Julita , Bator Damian , Nieścior Hubert , Milanowska Joanna 
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic common gastrointestinal disorder. It contributes to the burden of patients and society due to direct medical costs, lost productivity and also affects the quality of life. The etiology of irritable bowel syndrome is not fully understood which makes it difficult to treat patients more effectively.The aim of the study: The purpose of this systemic review was to collect and analyse current data of risk factors, pathogenesis and treatment options of irritable bowel syndrome.Material and method: Standard criteria were used to review the literature data. The search of articles in the PubMed and Google Scholar database was carried out using the following keywords: irritable bowel syndrome, gut microbiota, treatmentDescription of the state of knowledge: Altered gastrointestinal motility, visceral hypersensitivity, post infectious reactivity, brain-gut interactions, alteration in fecal microflora, bacterial overgrowth, food sensitivity, carbohydrate malabsorption, and intestinal inflammation are considered to contribute to the onset of IBS. The biopsychosocial model of illness and disease aims to help understand better the bi-directional relationship between mind and body. Patients suffering from IBS use pharmaceutical treatment but also complementary and alternative medicine. Probiotic and fecal microbiota transplantation are gut microbiota oriented treatment options.Summary: The pathophysiology of IBS is not clear . Alterations in bidirectional brain-gut microbiota interactions are believed to be involved in the pathogenesis of well-known brain-gut disorders such as IBS. Human microbiome research continues to expand, although it still requires more study.
Morphological justification of laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) operation for the inguinal hernia recurrence
Authors: Feleshtynskyi Y. P. , Shtaier A. A. 
Published: October 2020

Introduction. The frequency of the inguinal hernia of the repeated recurrences is up from 9,3 to 12%. In surgical treatment re-fixation of the mesh to the atrophied tissues of the inguinal canal is unreliable. The posterior access can be much more reliable for the patients, in which the mesh will be fixed to the unchanged muscular-aponeurotic tissues of the inguinal area.Aim. To increase the efficiency of recurrent inguinal hernias surgical treatment by justification of using the TAPP surgical technology.Materials and methods. An analysis was made in the clinic Kiev City Clinical Hospital No. 5. about surgical treatment of recurrent inguinal hernias in 105 patients. Surgical operations were also divided. The patients were divided into 2 groups, the first group (52), where the Liechtenstein's operation was repeated, and the second group of the patients (53) were confirmed by TAPP (patent No. 1299.1 from 26.11.18). A biopsy of the inguinal muscle aponeurotic tissues was made during surgery in both groups of the patients. Also morphological examination was made. For a final comparison of the morphological examination of inguinal tissues, a biopsy was performed in 20 patients who had an appendectomy.Results and discussions. In I group to the remote period in 8 (16%) patients there were chronic inguinal pain and recurrence of hernia was observed in 4 (8%) patients. In II group long-term results were as follows, chronic inguinal pain was diagnosed in 2 (4%) patients, recurrence was observed in 1 (2%) patient. After making a morphological comparison of the three groups, it was found that in group I were signs of severe chronic inflammation with the formation of granulation of the tissue, scar tissue, destruction of elastic fibers, both in the tissue of the anterior abdominal wall and in the wall of the vascular component. The morphological picture of the II and III groups are similar, with weakly expressed chronic inflammatory infiltration, with savings of the elastic fibers and less degenerative changes.Conclusion. The morphological reasoning of the use of improved TAPP was the absence of atrophic changes in the muscular-aponeurotic tissues of the inguinal region, while in Liechtenstein's second operation there was atrophy, scarring of inguinal tissues, so fixation of the mesh to such tissues can leads to recurrence.
The functioning of the patient in the mental aspect and interpersonal relationship after Laryngectomy Surgery
Authors: Bury Michał , Frąszczak Patrycja , Kędziora-Kornatowska Kornelia 
Published: October 2020

Introduction. The most radical way to get rid of the cancer of the larynx is total laryngectomy. Laryngectomy involves the complete removal of the voice organ, which is the larynx, as a result of extensive laryngeal cancer categorized according to the TMN classification as T3 and T4, so this is a social problem that needs attention and should be taken into account in scientific research. Goal. Assessment of the results of the functioning of people after laryngectomy in the patient's psyche and interpersonal relations. Material and methods. A literature review was made using PubMed, Google Scholar databases based on keywords. Results. On the percentage scale, the highest results achieved for patients without function, 63% reported physiological tests of depression, and 26% revealed mental disorders. Patients may also have anxiety disorder, phobias, panic disorder, and anxiety concentration syndromes that are able to manifest themselves in the results of stress levels. Women demonstrate that more often than men, lower initial values as a result of laryngectomy mutilation, and because of the results in the use analysis, they use substitute speech, which may sound like a male voice.When it comes to data related to the age of users, younger users (under 65 years of age) are more likely to solve mental problems. Low income, unemployment, lack of a permanent job associated with an increased risk of depression or mental treatment. Conclusions. In patients with laryngectomy after larynx cancer, they include a significant reduction in quality of life, an increase in depressive reactions, and communication difficulties in a larger group of people. This is a significant social problem that requires research.
Risk factors of decompression sickness in scuba diving
Authors: Pińkowska Oliwia , Podstawka Zuzanna , Byś Aleksandra , Gawda Piotr 
Published: October 2020

BackgroundRecreational diving with aqualung can be called an extreme sport because the divers are exposed to physical and psychological risks. A serious danger in diving is the very exposure to a change in pressure underwater, which every diver must deal with. That kind of danger may cause many problems related to any pressure exposure and unfortunately, diving-related illnesses have shown the increasing tendency. Recreational divers are the most numerous group among the people who suffer from decompression sickness (DCS) and alas, similar condition can be expected in future years. Aim of this literature review was to determine the risk factors of decompression sickness after scuba diving.Materials and methodsMaterial for this literature review was found by two independent authors searching PubMed, Cochrane library and ScienceDirect databases by using a combination of keywords: „scuba diving”, „risk factors”, „decompression sickness”, „DCS”. Finally, 4 publications qualified for a review of literature.ResultsMany authors presented factors such as patent foramen ovale, BMI and fat mass, age, diving exposure, heavy exercise, sex, strong current, workload during diving, circulatory right-to-left shunt and the lack of changes in the diving style to have an impact on developing DCS. In the opposite, one study stated that overweight and gender had minor contribution to DSC.ConclusionsRisk factors of decompression sickness in scuba diving could be: high-grade PFO, age, diving exposure, strong current, heavy exercise, workload during diving, dehydration, repetitive diving, violation of dive profiles, experience in diving, presence of circulatory right-to-left shunt and the lack of changes in the diving style after previous DCS episode. Further research is needed to verify the role of gender and fat mass in developing symptoms of decompression sickness.
Hip arthroplasty as a chance for a normal life
Authors: Kwiatkowska Małgorzata Maria , Skierkowska Natalia , Topka Weronika , Prylińska Monika , Gajos Wiktoria 
Published: October 2020

The aim of the study is to review and analyze the medical literature on hip arthroplasty.Hip arthroplasty is a popular procedure in orthopedics nowadays. Implantation of an artificial joint allows the patient to return to work, practice hobbies or sportsand most importantly have a pain free life. The paper describes the theoretical basis of hip arthroplasty, types of procedures used in orthopedics in this field, the most important contraindications and the importance of physiotherapeutic treatment. The treatment, combined with well and individually planned pre- and postoperative rehabilitation, can bring spectacular results. The postoperative rehabilitation program is selected individually. It should be noted that every patient is different, therefore the improvement plan sometimes has to be reviewed on an ongoing basis during its implementation. The main goals of rehabilitation after artificial joint implantation are: to reduce pain, increase the range of motion of the operated joint and strengthen the muscles of the entire body.
ECCU (E-cadherin/catenin) complex and its role in carcinogenesis
Authors: Ozga Alicja Maria , Obuchowska Aleksandra , Wójcik Justyna , Standyło Arkadiusz , Piotrowska Paulina 
Published: October 2020

Introduction:One of the main characteristics of cancer is uncontrolled cell proliferation as well as loss of cells adhesion in the case of metastases. Cadherins and catenins are the molecules responsible for cell-to-cell interaction. Together, they form a complex called ECCU (E-cadherin/catenin complex) which maintains the proper tissue structure. However, an impairment in its functioning can result in many adverse health effects, such as cancer promotion. Purpose: To evaluate the potential role of ECCU complex in carcinogenesis. Materials and methods: We performed the database research using PubMed, Springer Link and ResearchGate and we made review and meta-analysis of relevant studies. We searched for studies analyzing the relationship between ECCU complex and carcinomas development. Results: ECCU takes part in many cell processes and pathways, such as Wnt/Wingless‐signaling pathway or EMT/MET processes. It interacts with various molecules, for instance p27 protein or transcription factors. Aberrations in the expression of ECCU components is related to carcinoma promotion, shorter survival rate of patients and poor differentiation of the tumor. Conclusions: A role of the ECCU complex is complicated, however there is a clear correlation between loss of cell adhesion and carcinoma promotion and progression. The complex can be a possible target of anti-cancer therapy in the future; it is also under investigations as a marker of the disease, however it is questionable.