bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of urban consumer preferences for honey in the context of a transition economy – A case study for Albania
Authors: Cela Alban , Zhllima Edvin , Imami Drini , Skreli Engjell , Canavari Maurizio , Chan Catherine 
Published: May 2020

Summary

This paper aims to analyze urban consumer preferences for Albanian honey, focusing on key product attributes such as origin, type, location and price, using a conjoint choice experiment and latent class approach. Origin and location-landscape were found to be the most important factors for most surveyed consumers. Albanian consumers prefer honey produced in mountainous forests and on pastures. Moreover, multi-flower honey is preferred compared to chestnuts honey. These results can be used to producers’ advantage when local branding and well-perceived certification (e.g., producer associations’ brands) would be applied in order to increase the consumer awareness and strengthen the intrinsic features of the product especially for small producers. Labeling should be clear and emphasize the origin as well as the natural landscape where beehives are kept. Furthermore, in its regionalization economic development policy, the government may consider supporting honey produced from the mountainous areas.
Quality attributes in the non-market stated-preference based valuation of cultural goods
Authors: Wiśniewska Aleksandra 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Evidence-based policies require well-established research and reliable data. One of the major difficulties in delivering such data for cultural policies lies in measuring culture, expressing its ephemeral nature in numbers and indicators, as research used to do in other sectors. Stated-preference based non-market valuation is one of the few tools able to reveal the benefits that cultural goods deliver to the society for cost–benefit analysis. The prevalent problem in this kind of studies is poorly defined, ambiguous goods. When attempting to define them, we cannot forget that the essence of art and culture, which is in itself worth measuring, is quality. The goal of the article was to review previous uses of quality measurements of arts and culture in stated-preference based non-market valuation research, most of which are dedicated to performing arts and cultural heritage.
Proactive Planning of Project Team Members’ Competences
Authors: Szwarc Eryk , Wikarek Jarosław 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Among the many factors that cause project delays or cancellations are disruptions, that is, unforeseen events occurring during the implementation of a project, which postpone or interrupt the performance of project activities. Examples of disruptions include employee absenteeism, addition of new activities, and others. One way to deal with this type of events is to predict potential disruptions and prepare redundant resources to be used should a disruption occur (proactive approach). The focus of the present paper are human resources, in particular redundant project team competence frameworks, which allow to continue work on a project in the event of a disruption. Previous studies on planning competence frameworks regard insensitivity (robustness) to one type of disruption, caused by employee absenteeism (an absence of one, two, or three employees). The goal of this article is to present a proactive procedure that allows to seek competence frameworks robust to two types of disruptions: absence of one employee and addition of new activities not included in the project plan. Examples are provided to illustrate how the proposed approach can be used in practice.
Perceived interpersonal and institutional challenges to patient advocacy in clinical nursing practice: a qualitative study from Ghana / Interpersonelle und institutionelle Herausforderungen für die Rolle als Patientenfürsprecher/-in aus Sicht der Pflege: eine qualitative Studie aus Ghana
Authors: Dadzie Grace , Aziato Lydia 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Nurses often speak on patients’ behalf and safeguard their safety through their advocacy role. However, some challenges like the negative attitude of team members and lack of institutional support often hamper this role. These challenges have not been well studied in the Ghanaian context.

Aim
This study explores the perceived environmental challenges to patient advocacy among nurses in Ghana.

Setting
The study was conducted at a regional hospital in Ghana.

Participants
Participants were nurses or midwives working in the hospital.

Methods
A qualitative exploratory descriptive design was employed in the study of 15 purposively sampled participants. Participants were interviewed individually and data were analysed using content analysis.

Findings
The study revealed interpersonal challenges and institutional challenges to patient advocacy, such as hierarchical nurse–doctor relationships and ineffective multidisciplinary team, time constraints and lack of institutional support. Nurses often failed to advocate because they did not want to risk conflict with doctors. Limited interprofessional interaction, suspicion and resentment in the multidisciplinary team negatively affected nurses’ role as patient advocates. Inadequate curricular support for patient advocacy and lack of support for training programmes or to undertake further studies were the additional challenges.

Conclusion
Patient advocacy could be a stressful role for nurses; thus, efforts to strengthen teamwork and increase nurse involvement in hospital decision-making are required.

Implications for nursing and health policy
The findings could influence hospital management policies to enhance stronger interprofessional collaboration, increase opportunities for professional advancement for nurses and nurses’ inclusion in decision-making.
An assessment of R&D tax credits and their role towards innovation within Irish industry
Authors: Kennedy James , Barry Frank 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The Irish Government has identified research and development (R&D) and innovation as among the key pillars of growth within the economy. To achieve this growth, R&D tax incentives, which are adopted in advanced economies, are set into policy to encourage firms to innovate, thus, making companies more competitive and productive. One of the key enablers to driving R&D is a well-designed, competitive and sustainable tax policy to support the activity. However, evidence on the effectiveness of R&D tax incentives for innovation is largely anecdotal and the influence of innovation on firm-level taxation is still underexplored, in terms of and empirical examination. This paper sets out to review the recent trends and views of industry regarding R&D tax credits.
Intangible assets in the process of internationalization
Authors: Bryl Łukasz 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The aim of this article is to determine the current state of impact of various forms of intangible assets on the internationalization process. For the purpose of the paper meta-analysis was adopted as a method of the study. English-language peer-reviewed journal articles were analyzed only with the help of: EBSCOhost, ScienceDirect, Emerald, JSTOR, ProQuest and Wiley Online databases. The search was aimed at newest papers (after 2012), however some older articles (with regard to their value) were included in the analysis as well. Based on the conducted analysis, there was observed a significant and positive link between the level of employee education and internationalization probability and extent. The effect of the wages on internationalization is stage dependent. Under certain assumptions there is a positive and strong relationship between R&D intensity and internationalization. Advertising spending do not foster the process of internationalization. The practical contribution of this research is twofold. First, it provides valuable insight for practitioners which intangible assets and how foster various modes of the internationalization process. Second, it describes upon which conditions the interrelation between firm intangible assets and internationalization is significant and positive.
Diversification of the competitive position of the advanced technology sector in EU
Authors: Juchniewicz Małgorzata , Łada Magdalena 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

The high-technology sector has a particular importance in the development of modern national economies. It affects both the level of competitiveness and innovation. This was a prerequisite for the study to assess the competitive position of the advanced technology sector in the European Union (EU) countries. The starting point of the discussion was the definition of the concept of competitiveness, the competitive position of the advanced technology industry, and the classification of the high-tech sector. Based on the selected indicators, the competitive position and the rank of countries have been established. As for this, the indicators of the export share of the advanced technology sector in the intra-export market, the profitability of the high-tech sector, and the degree of export–import coverage were used. Based on the adopted indicators, a synthetic indicator of a competitive position has also been calculated which enabled determination of the most competitive country in the EU in reference to the industry. This enabled the identification of factors influencing the competitive position of the advanced technology sector in the EU member countries.
Leptospira interrogans serogroup Sejroe serovar Hardjo in aborting cows: two herd cases in Sicily (Italy)
Authors: Grippi Francesca , Giudice Elisabetta , Pietro Simona Di , Sciacca Carmela , Santangelo Francesco , Galluzzo Paola , Barreca Santino , Guercio Annalisa 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Introduction
The aim of this study was to present two outbreaks of bovine abortion due to Leptospira infection in cattle herds located in the northern part of Sicily (Italy). The animals were positive for Leptospira interrogans serogroup Sejroe serovar Hardjo in a microscopic agglutination test (MAT).

Material and Methods
A total of 23 Charolaise cows (farm A) and 75 Limousine bulls and Cinisara and Modicana cows (farm B) were enrolled in this study. The blood samples were collected from all subjects at the following time points: before a cycle of intramuscular treatment with oxytetracycline dihydrate (T0), after 5–6 weeks from the treatment (T1), and every 10 weeks until seronegativisation (T2 in Farm A and T3 in Farm B). A serological test (MAT) was used for the diagnosis of leptospirosis.

Results
Two samples from farm A (2/23) and 29 samples from farm B (29/75) were positive to Leptospira interrogans, serogroup Sejroe, serovar Hardjo in the MAT. Leptospira spp. DNA was detected by real-time PCR in the urine sample of one positive cow on farm A, and in placenta and brain samples belonging to one aborted foetus on farm B.

Conclusion
It is important to use serological and molecular diagnostic techniques complementarily to identify infected individuals.
Therapeutic effects of revascularisation on the healing of free bone grafts in dogs
Authors: Zheng Jia-San , Ruan Hong-Ri , Shuang-Qiu  , Jing-Nie  , Hou Kai-Wen , Rui-Wu  
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Introduction
The therapeutic effect of subcutaneous embedding and revascularisation on the repair of canine bone defects caused by open fracture was examined.

Material and Methods
A total of 12 adult beagle dogs were randomly split into a control group (group C) and a test group (group T). A section of the radius was removed from each dog under general anaesthesia and the deficit supported by an orthopaedic implant. Group T had the section surgically implanted next to the blood vessel–rich saphenous vein and Group C had it cryopreserved at −80°C. After eight weeks, the bone was surgically implanted back into the matching radial deficit. Bone healing was evaluated by gross morphological and X-ray examinations, post-mortem histology, and successive blood measurements of key bone biochemical markers.

Results
At 12 weeks, the bone healing boundary was disappearing more quickly in group T dogs than in their group C counterparts. X-ray and histological examinations showed that the cortical repair of group T subjects was complete and the bony plate arrangement was more regular than that in group C. The levels of bone biochemical markers also proved that the healing state of group T was better.

Conclusion
The results showed that the degree of healing, osteoclast activity, and bone formation status of group T were better than those of group C, proving that the vascularised bone graft had a significantly shorter healing time than the cryopreserved bone graft.
Major histocompatibility complex in Osteichthyes
Authors: Stosik Michał , Tokarz-Deptuła Beata , Deptuła Wiesław 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Based on analysis of available genome sequences, five gene lineages of MHC class I molecules (MHC I-U, -Z, -S, -L and -P) and one gene lineage of MHC class II molecules (MHC II-D) have been identified in Osteichthyes. In the latter lineage, three MHC II molecule sublineages have been identified (MHC II-A, -B and -E). As regards MHC class I molecules in Osteichthyes, it is important to take note of the fact that the lineages U and Z in MHC I genes have been identified in almost all fish species examined so far. Phylogenetic studies into MHC II molecule genes of sublineages A and B suggest that they may be descended from the genes of the sublineage named A/B that have been identified in spotted gar (Lepisosteus oculatus). The sublineage E genes of MHC II molecules, which represent the group of non-polymorphic genes with poor expression in the tissues connected with the immune system, are present in primitive fish, i.e. in paddlefish, sturgeons and spotted gar (Lepisosteus oculatus), as well as in cyprinids (Cyprinidae), Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Full elucidation of the details relating to the organisation and functioning of the particular components of the major histocompatibility complex in Osteichthyes can advance the understanding of the evolution of the MHC molecule genes and the immune mechanism.
Qualitative analysis of Request For Information to identify design flaws in steel construction projects
Authors: Fokwa Soh Mathieu , Barbeau Daniel , Doré Sylvie , Forgues Daniel 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Request for information (RFI) is a formal process used in the Architecture, Engineering and Construction industry to address design flaws that affect communication between designers and contractors. A large number of RFIs are a sign of a lack of precision or coordination in the design documents. However, RFIs produce rich, precise, and structured information. Analyzing their content can help to identify recurring problems between designers and construction teams and better tailor future projects to the working context of the contractors. This article presents a method for identifying recurring issues during the design phase of steel construction projects through the analysis of the contents of RFIs. It is original in using a qualitative content analysis tool that can analyze large quantities of RFIs rapidly. Identifying the recurrent problems of contractors will allow the establishment of rules to be taken into consideration during the design phase of future steel construction projects. A case study of 26 steel construction projects demonstrates the feasibility of this method. This case study shows that, given the same designers and construction teams, recurring problems shown in RFIs do not differ according to the scale of the projects. In this case, the main issue between designers and contractors is the lack and inadequate presentation of information related to the connection of steel components. Identifying these problems can pave the way for initiatives to improve the design phase and can be an essential step in making contractors’ knowledge available to designers early in the projects.
Emotional Speech Comprehension in Deaf Children with Cochlear Implant
Authors: Le Maner-Idrissi Gaïd , Le Sourn Bissaoui Sandrine , Dardier Virginie , Codet Maxime , Botte-Bonneton Nathalie , Delahaye Fanny , Laval Virginie , Aguert Marc , Tan-Bescond Géraldine , Godey Benoit 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
We examined the understanding of emotional speech by deaf children with cochlear implant (CI). Thirty deaf children with CI and 60 typically developing controls (matched on chronological age or hearing age) performed a computerized task featuring emotional prosody, either embedded in a discrepant context or without any context at all. Across the task conditions, the deaf participants with CI scored lower on the prosody-bases responses than their peers matched on chronological age or hearing age. Additionally, we analyzed the effect of age on determining correct prosody-based responses and we found that hearing age was a predictor of the accuracy of prosody-based responses. We discuss these findings with respect to delay in prosody and intermodal processing. Future research should aim to specify the nature of the cognitive processes that would be required to process prosody.
Assessment of the Educational Values of Geomorphosites Based on the Expert Method, Case Study: The Białka and Skawa Rivers, the Polish Carpathians
Authors: Chrobak Anna , Witkowski Karol , Szmańda Jacek 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Geotourism is a type of qualified tourism promoting geosites related to the geological outcrops and relief elements, such as river channels. Examples of these landforms with high educational values can be seen in the Białka and Skawa riverbeds. However, an important element in the description of such geosites (geomorphosites) is their educational values, which make it possible to clearly determine their suitability and possible use in geotourism. The assessment methods are the only methods of evaluating these values. But they are subjective, and the results of the analyses carried out on them largely depend on the knowledge and experience of the evaluator. In this paper, four geomorphosites have been assessed using the triangulation expert method. All described geomorphosites have received a high educational value, and the highest had the Białka Gorge.
Waterfalls: Forms, Distribution, Processes and Rates of Recession
Authors: Goudie Andrew S. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
A waterfall is a very steep (commonly nearly vertical) fall of some magnitude in a river course. Waterfalls are widespread fluvial landforms that have been described from many parts of the world. Thirty-eight World Heritage Properties include waterfalls in their designation. In addition, some waterfalls are actual or potential geomorphosites. Waterfalls occur in almost all climatic environments, though they are particularly common in formerly glaciated areas. They occur on a huge diversity of rock types, although in general, they do not form persistent or large falls on soft or unconsolidated rocks. Waterfalls also occur in a wide range of geomorphological settings: glaciated areas, areas of active tectonism, areas of sea-cliff retreat and sea-level change, great escarpments on passive margins, basins with river capture, rifted and faulted areas and areas that have been subjected to megaflooding. Multiple processes account for waterfall retreat and varying rates of recession. Although the greatest interest has been in rates of waterfall recession, there are examples of waterfalls that prograde as a result of tufa deposition.
The influence of shielding reinforcement in a vault with limited dimensions on the neutron dose equivalent in vicinity of medical electron linear accelerator
Authors: Ivkovic Ana , Faj Dario , Kasabasic Mladen , Sovilj Marina Poje , Krpan Ivana , Branilovic Marina Grabar , Brkic Hrvoje 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
High energy electron linear accelerators (LINACs) producing photon beams with energies higher than 10 MeV are widely used in radiation therapy. In these beams, fast neutrons are generated, which results in undesired contamination of the therapeutic beam. In this study, measurements and Monte Carlo (MC) simulations were used to obtain neutron spectra and dose equivalents in vicinity of linear accelerator.

Materials and methods
LINAC Siemens Oncor Expression in Osijek University Hospital is placed in vault that was previously used for 60Co machine. Then, the shielding of the vault was enhanced using lead and steel plates. Measurements of neutron dose equivalent around LINAC and the vault were done using CR-39 solid state nuclear track detectors. To compensate energy dependence of detectors, neutron energy spectra was calculated in measuring positions using MC simulations.

Results
The vault is a source of photoneutrons, but a vast majority of neutrons originates from accelerator head. Neutron spectra obtained from MC simulations show significant changes between the measuring positions. Annual neutron dose equivalent per year was estimated to be less than 324 μSv in the measuring points outside of the vault.

Conclusions
Since detectors used in this paper are very dependent on neutron energy, it is extremely important to know the neutron spectra in measuring points. Though, patient dosimetry should include neutrons, estimated annual neutron doses outside the vault were far below exposure limit of ionizing radiation for workers.
Current and innovative approaches in the treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: the role of transurethral resection of bladder tumor and organoids
Authors: Taskovska Milena , Kreft Mateja Erdani , Smrkolj Tomaz 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Bladder cancer is the 7th most common cancer in men. About 75% of all bladder cancer are non-muscle invasive (NMIBC). The golden standard for definite diagnosis and first-line treatment of NMIBC is transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TURB). Historically, the monopolar current was used first, today bipolar current is preferred by most urologists. Following TURB, depending on the tumour grade, additional intravesical chemo- or/and immunotherapy is indicated, in order to prevent recurrence and need for surgical resection. Development of new technologies, molecular and cell biology, enabled scientists to develop organoids – systems of human cells that are cultivated in the laboratory and have characteristics of the tissue from which they were harvested. In the field of urologic cancers, the organoids are used mainly for studying the course of different diseases, however, in the field of bladder cancer the data are scarce.

Conclusions
Different currents - monopolar and bipolar, have different effect on urothelium, that is important for oncological results and pathohistological interpretation. Specimens of bladder cancer can be used for preparation of organoids that are further used for studying carcinogenesis. Bladder organoids are step towards personalised medicine, especially for testing effectiveness of chemo-/immunotherapeutics.