bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is problematic Internet use associated with substance use among youth? A systematic review
Authors: Lanthier-Labonté S , Dufour M , Milot D M , Loslier J 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Problematic Internet use is an important emerging public health problem. Among youth, the link between problematic Internet use and other risky behaviors needs to be define. The National Institute on Drug Abuse was recently questioning if this new problem can explain the downward trend in substance use among young people. The objective of the systematic review is to explore the association between Internet use (with an average time measure and a problematic Internet use measure) and psychoactive substance use (alcohol, cannabis) among youth.

Methods
Empirical studies meeting inclusion criteria were chosen from important databases and then screened. Quality assessment and narrative synthesis were executed giving the high heterogeneity. Forty-three studies were eligible.

Results
A majority of studies found a positive association for the association between Internet problematic use and alcohol use, and between Internet problematic use and cannabis use. High heterogeneity in the assessment of alcohol and cannabis use made the synthesis a great challenge. Studies with substance use assessment that were reflecting a higher risk measure more often found a positive association.

Conclusions
Despite the diversity of the measures used, it seems that Internet use has a potential association with alcohol and cannabis use among youth around the world. When addressing risky behavior such as substance use among youth, professionals should also address problematic Internet use. Further studies are needed to assess the longitudinal impact of Internet use on youth substance use. A golden standard on how to assess alcohol and cannabis use among youth would be welcomed and certainly help future knowledge synthesis.

Key messages
Internet problematic use has a potential positive association with alcohol and cannabis use among youth around the world. Prevention programs for youth addressing risky behavior should include problematic Internet use, an important emerging public health problem.
Whole systems approaches to obesity and other complex public health challenges: a systematic review
Authors: Bagnall A , Radley D , Jones R , Gately P , Nobles J , van Dijk M , Blackshaw4 J , Montel S , Sahota P 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Increasing awareness of the complexity of public health problems, including obesity, has led to growing interest in whole systems approaches (WSAs). We carried out a systematic review of WSAs targeting obesity and other complex public health and societal issues.

Methods
Seven electronic databases were searched from 1995 to 2018. Studies were included if there had been an effort to implement a WSA. Study selection was conducted by one reviewer with a random 20% double checked. Data extraction and validity assessment were undertaken by one reviewer and checked by a second reviewer. Narrative synthesis was undertaken.

Results
65 articles were included; 33 about obesity. Most examined multicomponent community approaches, and there was substantial clinical and methodological heterogeneity. Nevertheless, a range of positive health outcomes were reported, with some evidence of whole systems thinking. Positive effects were seen on health behaviours, body mass index (BMI), parental and community awareness, community capacity building, nutrition and physical activity environments, underage drinking behaviour and health, safety and wellbeing of community members, self-efficacy, smoking and tobacco-related disease outcomes.
Features of successful approaches reported in process evaluations included: full engagement of relevant partners and community; time to build relationships, trust and capacity; good governance; embedding within a broader policy context; local evaluation; finance.

Conclusions
Systems approaches to tackle obesity can have some benefit, but evidence of how to operationalise a WSA to address public health problems is still in its infancy. Future research should: (a) develop an agreed definition of a WSA in relation to obesity, (b) look across multiple sectors to ensure consistency of language and definition, (c) include detailed descriptions of the approaches, and (d) include process and economic evaluations.

Key messages
Interventions working towards systems approaches are associated with a range of positive health outcomes. Evidence of systems science and systems thinking was less clear, even in the most “joined up” approaches.
Using the WHO EURO checklist for healthy and sustainable meetings
Authors: Zeegers Paget D 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Following the decision by the EUPHA/EPH Conference Green Club to use the WHO EURO checklist for healthy and sustainable meetings for the EPH Conferences in Ljubljana 2018, the Green Club thought it a good idea to set a baseline on the health-related and sustainability measures for conferences organised in Europe. If we could compare several European conferences on public health related topics with our own EPH Conference, we could formulate objectives for the future, to be included in the next EPH Conference strategy 2020-2025. The ambitious idea of the Green Club was that EPH Conferences should always be above the average of other conferences organised in EUPHA, whilst continuing to strive for being the best in Europe.
The executive director of EUPHA decided to use the WHO EURO checklist for all the meetings and conferences she would attend in 2019. In the planning for 2019 were 20 meetings throughout Europe. It is expected that this would provide a nice baseline.
The WHO EURO checklist includes questions on venue and transport, invitation and conference materials, food, beverages, tobacco-free, physical activity classes and breaks, waste and use of sustainable materials. Special attention was given to people with disabilities.
The interim results (until the end of April) show that a large fraction of the questions can only be answered if you are the conference organiser, not a conference participant. This was true for questions like: ‘Does the venue use energy-efficient practices?’. Some questions address more fundamental issues, e.g.: ‘Is holding a meeting in a virtual format ... an option?’. The issues of travel mode and/or emission offsetting are not included.
Overall, the checklist approach seems useful. Short of supporting benchmarking, it helps collecting qualitative information and model solutions, and may foster networking among associations towards healthy and sustainable meetings.
Differences in stillbirth and infant mortality by maternal country of birth and descent in Denmark
Authors: Damsted Rasmussen T , Villadsen S F , Smith Jervelund S , Nybo Andersen A M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
International studies have reported inequalities in stillbirth and infant death among ethnic minority groups compared to the host population. The same tendencies have been reported in Denmark. We investigated differences in the risk of stillbirth and infant death among offspring of immigrants and descendants in Denmark, compared to the risk among women of Danish origin.
The population-based register study included all live births and stillbirths with gestational age ≥ 22 weeks delivered by women of Danish origin, immigrant women and descendants in Denmark in the period 2005-2016. The study population was restricted to deliveries by women of Danish origin and country groups of immigrants and descendants with more than 2000 deliveries during the study period (n = 792 705).
Logistic regression analysis adjusted for year of birth was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) with 95 % confidence intervals (CI) of the association between maternal country of birth and country of descent and respectively stillbirth and infant mortality.
Immigrant mothers from Turkey, Iraq, Somalia, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Syria and Iran had a statistically significant elevated OR of stillbirth compared to women of Danish origin; adjusted OR`s ranging 1.45-2.93. Danish-born women with respectively Turkish (OR 1.44, 95 % CI 1.00-2.07) and Pakistani descent (OR 2.32, 95 % CI 1.50-3.60) had an increased risk of stillbirth similar to the one among immigrant women with the same origin. For infant death, we found increased O&Racute;s among immigrant women from Turkey (OR 1.76, 95 % CI 1.28-2.40), Somalia (OR 1.84, 95 % CI 1.31-2.58), Lebanon (OR 1.63, 95 % CI 1.03-2.60) and Pakistan (OR 2.85, 95 % CI 2.05-3.96). Only women of Pakistani descent (2.22, 95 % CI 1.28-3.86) had a statistically significant increased risk of infant death.
These findings show substantial differences in stillbirth and infant death according to maternal country of birth and descent in Denmark during the first decades of the 21st century.
What can we learn from the national implementation of The MAMAACT intervention?
Authors: Johnsen H , Christensen U , Juhl M , Villadsen S F 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Initiatives to improve maternal and child health among non-Western immigrant populations in Western countries are still sparse. So far, interventions within antenatal care have primarily focused on doula support and group-based antenatal care.
A qualitative evaluation of the implementation of the intervention was undertaken to explore midwives and non-Western immigrant women’s attitudes towards and experiences of using the MAMAACT intervention. The evaluation also investigated key contextual factors impacting the interventions utilization. Data consisted of focus group interviews with midwives (n = 9) and in-depth interviews with non-Western immigrant women (n = 15), as well as observations of midwifery visits (n = 42). Data were collected at five intervention sites across Denmark and it was analyzed using systematic text condensation.
Findings show that midwives found the MAMAACT intervention to be a relevant tool, which was easy to implement in antenatal care. Several organizational factors such as task load, interpreter services and lack of cooperation with general practitioners impacted the implementation of the intervention. Non-Western immigrant women found the leaflet and app to be useful tools in distinguishing between normal and abnormal pregnancy symptoms. The degree to which the intervention was used by the women varied between the participants, and women also used other sources of information during their pregnancy. Contextual factors such as lack of social network and material resources as well as language proficiency impacted how women responded to their pregnancy symptoms. Findings show that in addition to targeting the intervention to midwives and non-Western immigrant women’s informational needs, structural factors such as the organization of antenatal care and women’s socioeconomic conditions need to be addressed in order to reduce ethnic disparity in reproductive health.
Health literacy and ehealth tools to improve quality of life
Authors: Saboga-Nunes L , Pereira A , Picado A , Moraes Filho E 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Introdution
The use of smartphones and apps to achieve numerous goals, has reached a vast number of citizens today in the world. Health related apps (HAPPS) (estimated to be 318.500 in 2017) have become popular, but little is known about their real impact in public health. The goal of this research is to understand what are the most common used HAPPS, how health literacy (HL) mediates their use and to what extent do they contribute to quality of life.

Metods
The study is observational, cross-sectional and includes both quantitative and qualitative data from an adult population working in the financial corporation. By the means of a survey (CAWI) data was collected about HL (using the European Health Literacy Survey validated to Portugal ((HLS-EU-PT), the use of apps and their influence on quality of life. The sample (n = 748) includes participants from the different offices of the company in Portugal main land and its autonomous territories.

Results
In this study (58.7% males) 40% of the individuals have between 36 and 45 years old, and 9.2% refer the use of health promotion apps. Of the participants, 7.1% have inadequate, 39.0% problematic, 36.6% sufficient and 17.3% excellent HL (HLS-EU-PT). Content analysis showed the categories most common in this sample were apps for running 44.9% (58.1% males) and health monitoring 26.1% (with 55.6% males). Those who use apps have a slightly higher value of HL than those who don’t use, but this difference is not statistically significant.

Conclusions
In this sample not more than 10% of individuals are using apps to promote their wellbeing. Implementing research focusing HL, quality of life and the use of mhealth tools is a new field in public health and allow researchers to identify trends that may trigger strategies to implement health promoting strategies in the work setting. More research is needed to understand how mhealth shape the everyday lives of prosumers in their quest for wellbeing.
Communicating with migrants: children’s health literacy, digital technology, health promotion tools
Authors: Reis A , Saboga-Nunes L , Spínola A , Santos I , Santiago C 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Being a migrant can enact road blocks in the process of integration, if language barriers persist in the communication between health professionals and migrants. Moreover, health literacy levels (HL) can differ, based on different cultural contexts or conceptions of health and illness. This research aims at exploring migrants (digital) HL and the mediating role of migrant’s children in primary health care setting. Health professionals’ resort to migrants’ children as interpreters and mediators has been highlighted with the younger generations’ digital literacy, as critical tools to overcome such barriers. Assessing and promoting migrant’s HL is a public health mandate in the promotion of individual and family health to establish a common ground base for communication.

Methods
A qualitative and ethnographic study based on narratives, participant observation, focus group and ethno biographic interviews with nurses, migrants, medical doctors and intercultural mediators, involved 52 participants in a primary health care setting in Santarém district, Portugal. Partnership with the Observatory for Migration, the High Commission for Migration (ACM) and with migrant associations, enabled the completion by migrants of an online questionnaire focusing on digital HL.

Results
Migrants’ children were identified as facilitators in the clinical setting at three levels: the communication, HL promotion and adherence to continuity of care.

Conclusions
Improve migrant’s HL and health decisions is feasible when considering several strategies to overcome cultural barriers. Migrants’ children are potential mediators in the process of communication between health professionals and adults. Awareness of their potential allows adjustments in the primary health care sector. The need to further investigate migrants’ HL and digital HL (e.g. telephone translation services, Internet-based tools for scheduling health appointments) are some tasks that need further research.
Dissemination of the capacity building results - tools adapted to the local context
Authors: Kallel K , Zakraoui L , Othman Y Ben , Jouini M , Selaouati F 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Introduction
The Centres for Evidence into Health Policy created by the CONFIDE project are multidisciplinary; they are dedicated not only to health professionals but also to researchers, policy makers as well as other social, environmental and economic stakeholders. Good dissemination and awareness among all stakeholders are the basis of the success and sustainability of the project results.

The progress
Since the start of the project in October 2017 and after developing a dissemination plan, the first and large-scale dissemination action was the creation of a communication platform and a website. Subsequently, we have setup Facebook, Twitter and LinkedIn pages targeting people more involved in the project. These pages are regularly updated (progress of the project, actions carried out). Two press conferences have taken place in order to reach all targeted audiences in Tunisia. Indeed, our press conferences attracted journalists as well as representatives of NGOs, and health decision-makers in the ministry. A poster and a portfolio were designed in order to introduce the project to partner organizations that provide the students` internships and field trainings. The project also includes a policy game as a tool to bring to the same table the policymakers, researchers and other stakeholders in the community that will further contribute to the dissemination of the CONFIDE project results. Due to the dissemination activities of the Tunisian partners, the academic community in Tunisia has been exposed to a different approach and understanding of public health. The dissemination activities of the CONFIDE results have shed a new light on public health in Tunisia.

Conclusions
A good diffusion of the project, using tools adapted to the various audiences, will make it possible to reach a large and multidisciplinary target public and to associate them with the project. This is a key success factor for the sustainability of the Centres for Evidence into Health Policy.
A new strategy for screening infectious diseases amongst migrants: the STRADA study
Authors: Thonon F , Rousset Torrente O , Lert F , Zucman D , Dimi S , Chassany O 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
In France, the prevalence of HIV, HBV and HCV is high amongst migrants and widespread testing is recommended. All legal migrants in France undergo a mandatory medical check-up at the immigration center (OFII). This check-up is an opportunity to offer rapid HIV and hepatitis testing. A screening questionnaire for risk factors (TROD screen) has been developed and could help target the screening offer. The objective of the STRADA study is to evaluate the efficacy of a screening strategy for infectious diseases (Tuberculosis, HIV, HBV and HCV) based on risk-factor questionnaires amongst migrants during the medical check-up.

Methods
STRADA is a prospective, multicenter, observational study with two parts: tuberculosis screening (evaluation of a screening questionnaire) and HIV, HBV and HCV screening. For that part we have created a risk-based questionnaire for those three infections. In the first phase of the study, all migrants eligible are offered a screening, the TROD screen questionnaire. In the second phase, the screening offered on the basis of country of origin will be compared to the screening offered on the basis of the risk factor questionnaire. Finally, a cost-effectiveness study will be performed. During the informed consent process, participants are informed that the study is voluntary and independent from the residence permit.

Preliminary results
A risk-based questionnaire has been created and translated in 10 languages. The screening has been implemented in 20 immigration centers in France. In April 2019, 35,000 participants have answered the TB screen and 8,250 have been screened for at least one of the three virus.

Discussion
This study will determine the acceptability, performance, utility, costs and impact of a targeted optimized screening strategy for migrants in France. The presence of infectious diseases amongst migrants is a major public health issue. STRADA is an innovative initiative that has the potential to improve screening.
The good practice portal in Germany and considerations towards integrating best evidence
Authors: Shajanian Zarneh Y 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The good practice portal of the Federal Centre for Health Education / BZgA consists of a nationwide collection of projects and interventions to promote the health of socially disadvantaged groups at the community/setting level. Currently the portal includes 3067 practices, out of them 124 fulfil the good practice criteria and have been identified as such.
The portal aims to disseminate (good) practice in Germany, promote its translation into action, create transparency in terms of quality criteria and make the diversity of practice more visible. A secondary aim is to promote regional networking and the exchange of experience. To this end, an exchange platform (inforo) is also offered via the operating agency, which however is still limited in use.
The portal does not intend to identify the most effective practices, but to be a database of well-described interventions that were feasible to implement in Germany. Therefore, the evaluation process was designed as a mutual advisory process: Standardized description of project owners according to 12 good practice criteria- review by experts from the responsible coordinating offices of Equity in Health - peer evaluation by another coordinating body in another federal state - and finally evaluation by an expert from the nationwide working group at the BZgA. Thus, the evaluation process is also set up to promote mutual learning with the goal of in turn increasing quality of the practice nationwide, with the advantage of being close to the implementation needs and the potential disadvantage of lacking objectivity.
At the moment, BZgA is assessing different possibilities to integrate evidence as criteria into its good practice portal. Therefore, this presentation will end with a discussion on possibilities to integrate the identification and selection of evidence-based/evidence-informed preventive interventions, including the use of evidence criteria and quality of evidence.
EUPHA strategy 2020-2025: Achieving a triple A rating for health in Europe
Authors: Azzopardi Muscat N , Zeegers Paget D , McKee M , Verschuuren M , Nagyova I 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The challenges we face are complex in nature, and require multidisciplinary and intersectoral action at different governance levels. Therefore, EUPHA will reinforce its two-tier approach. On the one hand, we will support our members in providing high quality and efficient public health and health care services in European countries, regions and local communities. On the other hand, we will advocate for health and support evidence-informed health policy-making at the international level. Stimulating and facilitating mutual learning and the exchange of knowledge and experiences across experts, members and countries will be an essential element of EUPHA’s approach. Not only with a focus on optimal support for our members, but also with an explicit focus on overcoming health inequalities within and between European countries.
Our new vision is to enable everyone in Europe to achieve the highest possible level of health by providing independent and authoritative analysis of the evidence, combined with targeted advocacy to achieve co-ordinated action by all key stakeholders. Our vision: builds on the commitments of our governments and international agencies to achieve the health-related Sustainable Development Goals;recognises the importance of placing Health in All Policies;draws on the Vienna Declaration to embrace the entire range of health determinants, including the biological, social, environmental, occupational, political, and commercial, the health care system, and everything that influences the health of our planet.
Our mission will be: To ensure that there is a strong evidence base, built on sustained investments in data, research capacity, and knowledge translation in all parts of Europe that can inform policies that impact on health;To identify, develop, and advocate for actionable policy recommendations to improve health;andTo support capacity-building and collaborations that can achieve public health action.