bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serum ionised calcium and the risk of acute respiratory failure in hospitalised patients: a single-centre cohort study in the USA
Authors: Thongprayoon Charat , Cheungpasitporn Wisit , Chewcharat Api , Mao Michael A , Kashani Kianoush B 
Published: March 2020

ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to evaluate the risk of acute respiratory failure in all hospitalised patients based on admission serum ionised calcium.DesignA retrospective cohort study.SettingA tertiary referral hospital in Rochester, Minnesota, USA.ParticipantsAll hospitalised patients who had serum ionised calcium measurement within 24 hours of hospital admission from January 2009 to December 2013. Patients who were mechanically ventilated at admission were excluded.PredictorsAdmission serum ionised calcium levels was stratified into six groups: ≤4.39, 4.40–4.59, 4.60–4.79, 4.80–4.99, 5.00–5.19 and ≥5.20 mg/dL.Primary outcome measureThe primary outcome was the development of acute respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation during hospitalisation. Logistic regression analysis was fit to assess the independent risk of acute respiratory failure based on various admission serum ionised calcium, using serum ionised calcium of 5.00–5.19 mg/dL as the reference group.ResultsOf 25 709 eligible patients, with the mean serum ionised calcium of 4.8±0.4 mg/dL, acute respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation occurred in 2563 patients (10%). The incidence of acute respiratory failure was lowest when admission serum ionised calcium was 5.00–5.19 mg/dL, with the progressively increased risk of acute respiratory failure with decreased serum ionised calcium. In multivariate analysis with adjustment for potential confounders, the increased risk of acute respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation was significantly associated with admission serum ionised calcium of ≤4.39 (OR 2.52; 95% CI 2.12 to 3.00), 4.40–4.59 (OR 1.76; 95% CI 1.49 to 2.07) and 4.60–4.79 mg/dL (OR 1.48; 95% CI 1.27 to 1.72), compared with serum ionised calcium of 5.00–5.19 mg/dL. The risk of acute respiratory failure was not significantly increased when serum ionised calcium was at least 4.80 mg/dL.ConclusionThe increased risk of acute respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation was observed when admission serum ionised calcium was lower than 4.80 mg/dL in hospitalised patients.
Protocol for a feasibility study of OnTrack: a digital system for upper limb rehabilitation after stroke
Authors: Fusari Gianpaolo , Gibbs Ella , Hoskin Lily , Dickens Daniel , Leis Melanie , Taylor Elizabeth , Jones Fiona , Darzi Ara 
Published: March 2020

IntroductionArm weakness is a common problem after stroke (affecting 450 000 people in the UK) leading to loss of independence. Repetitive activity is critical for recovery but research shows people struggle with knowing what or how much to do, and keeping track of progress. Working with more than 100 therapists (occupational therapists and physiotherapists) and patients with stroke, we codeveloped the OnTrack intervention—consisting of software for smart devices and coaching support—that has the potential to address this problem. This is a protocol to assess the feasibility of OnTrack for evaluation in a randomised control trial.Methods and analysisA mixed-method, single-arm study design will be used to evaluate the feasibility of OnTrack for hospital and community use. A minimum sample of 12 participants from a stroke unit will be involved in the study for 14 weeks. During week 1, 8 and 14 participants will complete assessments relating to their arm function, arm impairment and activation. During weeks 2–13, participants will use OnTrack to track their arm movement in real time, receive motivational messages and face-to-face sessions to address problems, gain feedback on activity and receive self-management skills coaching. All equipment will be loaned to study participants. A parallel process evaluation will be conducted to assess the intervention’s fidelity, dose and reach, using a mixed-method approach. A public and patient involvement group will oversee the study and help with interpretation and dissemination of qualitative and quantitative data findings.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval granted by the National Health Service Health Research Authority, Health and Care Research Wales, and the London—Surrey Research Ethics Committee (ref. 19/LO/0881). Trial results will be submitted for publication in peer review journals, presented at international conferences and disseminated among stroke communities. The results of this trial will inform development of a definitive trial.Trial registration numberNCT03944486.
Helicobacter pylorieradication therapy to prevent gastric cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ford Alexander Charles , Yuan Yuhong , Moayyedi Paul 
Published: March 2020

ObjectivesGastric cancer is strongly associated withHelicobacter pylori(H. pylori). We conducted a previous systematic review and meta-analysis that suggested eradication therapy reduced future incidence of gastric cancer, but effect size was uncertain, and there was no reduction in gastric cancer-related mortality. We updated this meta-analysis, as more data has accumulated. We also evaluated impact of eradication therapy on future risk of gastric cancer in patients having endoscopic mucosal resection for gastric neoplasia.DesignWe searched the medical literature through February 2020 to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs) examining effect of eradication therapy on subsequent occurrence of gastric cancer in healthyH. pylori-positive adults, and inH. pylori-positive patients with gastric neoplasia undergoing endoscopic mucosal resection. The control arm received placebo or no treatment. Follow-up was for ≥2 years. We estimated the relative risk (RR) number needed to treat (NNT), and evaluated the disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) gained from screening from the meta-analysis.ResultsWe identified 10 RCTs, seven recruited 8323 healthy individuals, and three randomised 1841 patients with gastric neoplasia. In healthy individuals, eradication therapy reduced incidence of gastric cancer (RR=0.54; 95% CI 0.40 to 0.72, NNT=72), and reduced mortality from gastric cancer (RR=0.61; 95% CI 0.40 to 0.92, NNT=135), but did not affect all-cause mortality. These data suggest that 8 743 815 DALYs (95% CI 5 646 173 to 11 847 456) would be gained if population screening and treatment was implemented globally. In patients with gastric neoplasia, eradication therapy also reduced incidence of future gastric cancer (RR=0.49; 95% CI 0.34 to 0.70, NNT=21). Adverse events were incompletely reported.ConclusionThere is moderate evidence to suggest thatH. pylorieradication therapy reduces the incidence of gastric cancer in healthy individuals and patients with gastric neoplasia in East Asian countries. There also appears to be a reduction in gastric cancer-related mortality.
Associated $$Z^\prime $$ production in the flavorful U(1) scenario for $$R_{K^{(*)}}$$
Authors: Dwivedi Siddharth , Falkowski Adam , Ghosh Dilip Kumar , Ghosh Nivedita 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe flavorful $$Z^\prime $$Z′ model with its couplings restricted to the left-handed second generation leptons and third generation quarks can potentially resolve the observed anomalies in $$R_K$$RK and $$R_{K^*}$$RK∗. After examining the current limits on this model from various low-energy processes, we probe this scenario at 14 TeV high-luminosity run of the LHC using two complementary channels: one governed by the coupling of $$Z'$$Z′ to b-quarks and the other to muons. We also discuss the implications of the latest LHC high mass resonance searches in the dimuon channel on the model parameter space of our interest.
Elastic electron scattering by halocarbon radicals in the independent atom model approach
Authors: Demes Sándor , Kelemen Vladimir , Remeta Eugene 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In order to study the elastic scattering of electrons by CFn (n = 1 − 4) molecular targets the independent atom model (IAM) is used with the optical potential (OP) method. The scattering cross sections were calculated in two approximations of the model – the IAM approach is used for the differential, while the Additivity Rule (IAM-AR) is used for the integral cross sections. The amplitudes of electron scattering by the carbon and fluorine atoms of the target molecules are calculated from the corresponding phase shifts, using the real and complex optical potential method. The parameter-free real part of the OP is calculated from the corresponding atomic characteristics – nuclear charge, electron density and static dipole polarizability. The differential and integral cross sections are calculated at equilibrium internuclear distances of the CFn molecules. They were compared with the available experimental data and with other theoretical results. A good overall agreement was observed while comparing our integral cross sections with the measured data. The level of the agreement however strongly depends on the target molecule, and a good consistency is observed typically above certain collision energies: from 10 eV in case of CF2, above 15-20 eV for CF3 and from 40 eV in case of CF4. Similar tendencies were found in case of the differential cross sections for a wide range of scattering angles at collision energies above 10 eV in case of CF2, above 15–20 eV for CF3, while in case of CF4 – above 20 eV.

Graphical abstract
Average transverse expansion velocities and global freeze-out temperatures in central Cu + Cu, Au + Au, and Pb + Pb collisions at high energies at RHIC and LHC
Authors: Olimov Khusniddin K. , Kanokova Shakhnoza Z. , Olimov Kosim , Gulamov Kadyr G. , Yuldashev Bekhzod S. , Lutpullaev Sagdulla L. , Umarov Farkhod Y. 
Published: March 2020

The experimental invariant transverse momentum [Formula: see text] spectra of the charged pions and kaons, protons and antiprotons, produced at midrapidity in central (0–10%) Au[Formula: see text]Au collisions at [Formula: see text], central (0–10%) Cu[Formula: see text]Cu collisions at [Formula: see text], central (0–10%) Au[Formula: see text]Au collisions at [Formula: see text], and central (0–5%) Pb[Formula: see text]Pb collisions at [Formula: see text], measured by BRAHMS, STAR and ALICE collaborations, were analyzed using three different transverse expansion (blast-wave) models: Siemens–Rasmussen blast-wave model, Simple transverse flow model, and Simplified (hydro-inspired) blast-wave model of Schnedermann et al. Combined (simultaneous) minimum [Formula: see text] fits of the experimental invariant [Formula: see text] spectra of the charged pions and kaons, protons and antiprotons with the above three model functions were conducted, using the identical selected optimal fitting ranges in [Formula: see text] in each studied collision system, and the values of the average transverse expansion velocity [Formula: see text] and global kinetic freeze-out temperature [Formula: see text] and their dependencies on the collision system [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] were extracted. The combined (simultaneous) fits using Hagedorn formula with the (embedded) simple transverse flow describe well the experimental invariant [Formula: see text] spectra of the charged pions, kaons, protons and antiprotons in the whole measured range in region [Formula: see text] in the analyzed central heavy ion collisions at RHIC and LHC, reproducing qualitatively well all the established dependencies of the parameters [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] on the collision system [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. The obtained results were compared with those of the previous analyses of high energy heavy ion collisions.
Enhanced Immunogenicity of Mitochondrial-Localized Proteins in Cancer Cells
Authors: Prota Gennaro , Gileadi Uzi , Rei Margarida , Lechuga-Vieco Ana Victoria , Chen Ji-Li , Galiani Silvia , Bedard Melissa , Lau Vivian Wing Chong , Fanchi Lorenzo F. , Artibani Mara , Hu Zhiyuan , Gordon Siamon , Rehwinkel Jan , Enríquez Jose A. , Ahmed Ahmed A. , Schumacher Ton N. , Cerundolo Vincenzo 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Epitopes derived from mutated cancer proteins elicit strong antitumor T-cell responses that correlate with clinical efficacy in a proportion of patients. However, it remains unclear whether the subcellular localization of mutated proteins influences the efficiency of T-cell priming. To address this question, we compared the immunogenicity of NY-ESO-1 and OVA localized either in the cytosol or in mitochondria. We showed that tumors expressing mitochondrial-localized NY-ESO-1 and OVA proteins elicit significantdly higher frequencies of antigen-specific CD8+ T cells in vivo. We also demonstrated that this stronger immune response is dependent on the mitochondrial location of the antigenic proteins, which contributes to their higher steady-state amount, compared with cytosolic localized proteins. Consistent with these findings, we showed that injection of mitochondria purified from B16 melanoma cells can protect mice from a challenge with B16 cells, but not with irrelevant tumors. Finally, we extended these findings to cancer patients by demonstrating the presence of T-cell responses specific for mutated mitochondrial-localized proteins. These findings highlight the utility of prioritizing epitopes derived from mitochondrial-localized mutated proteins as targets for cancer vaccination strategies.
Comparative performance evaluation of routing algorithm and topology size for wireless network-on-chip
Authors: Lit Asrani , Rusli M. S. , Marsono M. N. 
Published: March 2020

Wireless Network-on-Chip or WiNoC is an alternative to traditional planar on-chip networks. On-chip wireless links are utilized to reduce latency between distant nodes due to its capability to communicate with far-away node within a single hop. This paper analyzes the impact of various routing schemes and the effect of WiNoC sizes on network traffic distributions compared to conventional mesh NoC. Radio hubs (4×4) are evenly placed on WiNoC to analyze global average delay, throughput, energy consumption and wireless utilization. For validation, three various network sizes (8×8, 16×16 and 32×32) of mesh NoC and WiNoC architectures are simulated on cycle-accurate Noxim simulator under numerous traffic load distributions. Simulation results show that WiNoC architecture with the 16×16 network size has better average speedup (∼1.2×) and improved network throughputs by 6.36% in non-uniform transpose traffic distribution. As the trade-off, WiNoC requires 63% higher energy consumption compared to the classical wired NoC mesh.
Recognition of vehicle make and model in low light conditions
Authors: Abbas Aymen Fadhil , Sheikh Usman Ullah , Norzali Haji Mohd Mohd 
Published: March 2020

This paper presents a method for vehicle make and model recognition (MMR) in low lighting conditions. While many MMR methods exist in the literature, these methods are designed to be used only in perfect operating conditions. The various camera configuration, lighting condition, and viewpoints cause variations in image quality. In the presented method, the vehicle is first detected, image enhancement is then carried out on the detected front view of the vehicle, followed by features extraction and classification. The performance is then examined on a low-light dataset. The results show around 6% improvement in the ability of MMR with the use of image enhancement over the same recognition model without image enhancement.
Security issues and framework of electronic medical record: A review
Authors: Adamu Jibril , Hamzah Raseeda , Rosli Marshima Mohd 
Published: March 2020

The electronic medical record has been more widely accepted due to its unarguable benefits when compared to a paper-based system. As electronic medical record becomes more popular, this raises many security threats against the systems. Common security vulnerabilities, such as weak authentication, cross-site scripting, SQL injection, and cross-site request forgery had been identified in the electronic medical record systems. To achieve the goals of using EMR, attaining security and privacy is extremely important. This study aims to propose a web framework with inbuilt security features that will prevent the common security vulnerabilities in the electronic medical record. The security features of the three most popular and powerful PHP frameworks Laravel, CodeIgniter, and Symfony were reviewed and compared. Based on the results, Laravel is equipped with the security features that electronic medical record currently required. This paper provides descriptions of the proposed conceptual framework that can be adapted to implement secure EMR systems.
Experimental simulation analysis for single phase transformer tests
Authors: Hamoodi Ali N. , Hammad Bashar A. , Abdullah Fawaz S. 
Published: March 2020

Transformer is one of main components in electrical power system which role to increase or reduce voltage. Characteristics of transformer would be vital to ensure the voltage is fully transferred. A single-phase transformer is a type of power transformer that utilizes single-phase alternating current, meaning the transformer relies on a voltage cycle that operates in a unified time phase. This article describes a workflow executed with Mat lab simulation and practical measurements for single-phase power transformer, no-load, short-circuit test and load test are achieved in this work. The test procedures are implemented on areal transformer (terco-type) which has a specification (1 KVA, 220/110 V, 50 Hz). Finally, the simulation results are appeared a proximately seminar from the practical results. The results indicated that the the technique and manner which presented in the current study can be depended as a miniproject in electrical technology mater for undergraduate studies.
Quality and size assessment of quantized images using K-Means++ clustering
Authors: Ongkadinata Davin , Putri Farica Perdana 
Published: March 2020

In this paper, an amended K-Means algorithm called K-Means++ is implemented for color quantization. K-Means++ is an improvement to the K-Means algorithm in order to surmount the random selection of the initial centroids. The main advantage of K-Means++ is the centroids chosen are distributed over the data such that it reduces the sum of squared errors (SSE). K-Means++ algorithm is used to analyze the color distribution of an image and create the color palette for transforming to a better quantized image compared to the standard K-Means algorithm. The tests were conducted on several popular true color images with different numbers of K value: 32, 64, 128, and 256. The results show that K-Means++ clustering algorithm yields higher PSNR values and lower file size compared to K-Means algorithm; 2.58% and 1.05%. It is envisaged that this clustering algorithm will benefit in many applications such as document clustering, market segmentation, image compression and image segmentation because it produces accurate and stable results.
ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ ВІТЧИЗНЯНОГО КЕТОКОНАЗОЛУ ДЛЯ ДОПОЛОГОВОЇ ПІДГОТОВКИ ВАГІТНИХ ІЗ ГЕНІТАЛЬНИМ КАНДИДОЗОМ
Authors: Marchenko N. E. , Yaremchuk T. P. 
Published: March 2020

Мета дослідження – поліпшення перинатальних наслідків вагітності та зменшення кількості акушерських ускладнень у вагітних із хворобами піхви на основі застосування вітчизняного кетоконазолу (лівагін-М, Україна) в допологовій підготовці вагітних із генітальним кандидозом та вивчення його впливу на піхвовий мікробіом.
Матеріали та методи. Матеріалом дослідження були показники результатів бактеріологічного дослідження піхвового секрету 32 вагітних із генітальним кандидозом та 15 здорових вагітних у 36–38 тижнів вагітності. Методи дослідження: клінічні, біохімічні, УЗД, бактеріологічні та медико-статистичні.
Результати дослідження та їх обговорення. У хворих на вагінальний кандидоз вагітних було виявлено високі титри грибів роду Candida – 1×105 КУО/мл у 28,12 % вагітних, 1×106 КУО/мл – у 53,13 % жінок, понад 1×107 КУО/мл – у 18,75 % обстежених при різкому зниженні рівня лактобацил – менше 1×106 КУО/мл у всіх пацієнток. Після 10-денного курсу лікування у 93,75 % вагітних спостерігали клінічне та бактеріологічне одужання. Відмічали достовірне збільшення кількості лактобацил у концентраціях понад 1×106 КУО/мл.
Висновки. Вітчизняний кетоконазол лівагін-М є високоефективним засобом лікування генітального кандидозу у вагітних жінок та профілактики внутрішньоутробного інтранатального інфікування плода.
ПЕРЕБІГ ВАГІТНОСТІ, ПОЛОГІВ ТА ПЕРИНАТАЛЬНІ НАСЛІДКИ РОЗРОДЖЕННЯ ЖІНОК ІЗ ЗАГРОЗОЮ ПЕРЕРИВАННЯ ВАГІТНОСТІ ТА СТАТУСОМ ВНУТРІШНЬО ПЕРЕМІЩЕНИХ ОСІБ, ЯКІ ПРОЖИВАЮТЬ У ЛУГАНСЬКІЙ ОБЛАСТІ
Authors: Romanenko I. Yu. 
Published: March 2020

Мета дослідження – оцінити перебіг вагітності, пологів та перинатальні наслідки розродження жінок із загрозою переривання вагітності (ЗПВ) та статусом внутрішньо переміщених осіб (ВПО), які проживають у Луганській області, для вдосконалення лікувально-профілактичних заходів та профілактики акушерських і перинатальних ускладнень у таких жінок.
Матеріали та методи. Проведено проспективний клініко-статистичний аналіз перебігу вагітності та пологів 42 вагітних, які в I і II триместрах вагітності перебували на стаціонарному лікуванні з приводу ЗПВ у лікарнях Луганської області та мали статус ВПО (група I). Контрольну групу склали 64 вагітні жінки з необтяженим анамнезом із фізіологічним перебігом вагітності аналогічного гестаційного терміну та місця проживання (група II).
Результати дослідження та їх обговорення. У жінок групи I була достовірно вищою питома вага захворювань серцево-судинної системи, сечовивідних шляхів, ЛОР-органів, запальних захворювань жіночих статевих органів в анамнезі, мав місце ускладнений перебіг вагітності та пологів. Кількість випадків гострої респіраторно-вірусної інфекції, істміко-цервікальної недостатності, неспецифічного вагініту достовірно перевищувала показники групи II, безсимптомна бактеріурія, рецидивна ЗПВ, гестаційний пієлонефрит та уреаплазмова інфекція зустрічалися тільки у жінок групи I, кількість випадків анемії не мала достовірної різниці. Передчасні пологи в терміні 33–37 тижнів гестації відбулися у 7 (16,67 %) жінок групи I та у 3 (4,69 %) – групи II (р=0,048), оперативне розродження зареєстровано в 13 (30,95 %) та 8 (12,50 %) випадках відповідно (р=0,02). У жінок групи I передчасний розрив плодових оболонок зустрічався в 1,9, слабкість пологової діяльності – в 3,4, передчасне відшарування нормально розташованої плаценти – в 6, дистрес плода – в 1,5 раза частіше, центральне передлежання плаценти відмічено тільки в групі I.
Висновки. Наявність в анамнезі хронічних запальних захворювань придатків матки, інфекцій, що передаються статевим шляхом, гострої респіраторно-вірусної інфекції під час наявної вагітності, ЗПВ в I і II триместрах дозволяють виділити вагітних у групу високого ризику щодо розвитку гестаційних ускладнень з метою своєчасного проведення лікувально-профілактичних заходів. Ускладнений перебіг I і II триместрів вагітності впливає на зростання частоти передчасного переривання вагітності, оперативного розродження у жінок групи I порівняно з жінками групи II.