bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
When is work a cause of early retirement and are there any effective organizational measures to combat this? A population-based study of work environment and work-related disorders among employees in Sweden
Authors: Nilsson Kerstin 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: The ageing workforce have an impact on public health. The aim of this study was to evaluate work-related disorders, work tasks and measures associated with possibility of working beyond 65 years of age or not. Method: The data comprised two sample surveys based on the Swedish population: the Survey of National Work-Related Health Disorders, and the National Work Environment Survey. Results: A logistic regression analysis showed that an active systematic work environmental controls at the workplace was statistically significant association with whether individuals could work in their current occupation until 65 years of age (OR 1.7). The final multivariate model stated that whether individuals could work until 65 years was associated with bodily exhausted after work, often feel the own work effort insufficient at the end of the day, experience the work as restricted and with a lack of freedom, work alone and at risk of unsafe or threatening situations, and generally dissatisfied with the work tasks. Women-dominated workplaces were more highly associated with both male and female employees not being able to work until age 65 (OR 1.6). Conclusion: Deficiencies in the working environment is a threat to the public health. An active systematic work environmental control at the workplace increase the possibility to extend the working life. Tools for managers, as the swAge-model, to easier perform an active systematic work environmental controls could therefore be a possible way to decrease the risk work injury as well as increase the possibility for a sustainable extended working life.
Adherence to ready-to-use food and acceptability of outpatient nutritional therapy in HIV-infected undernourished Senegalese adolescents: research-based recommendations for routine care.
Authors: Niasse Fatou , Varloteaux Marie , Diop Karim , Ndiaye Sidy Mokhtar , Diouf François Niokhor , Mbodj Pape Birane , Niang Babacar , Diack Aminata , Cames Cecile 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Ready-to-use food (RUF) is increasingly used for nutritional therapy in HIV-infected individuals. However, practical guidance advising nutrition care to HIV-infected adolescents is lacking, and little is known about the acceptability of such therapy in this vulnerable population. This SNACS study assesses the overall acceptability and perception of a RUF-based therapy and risk factors associated with sub-optimal RUF intake in HIV-infected undernourished adolescents in Senegal. Methods: Participants aged 5 to 18 with acute malnutrition were enrolled in 12 HIV clinics in Senegal. Participants were provided with imported RUF, according to WHO prescription weight- and age-bands (2009), until recovery or for a maximum of 9-12 months. Malnutrition and recovery were defined according to WHO growth standards. Adherence was assessed fortnightly by self-reported RUF intake over the period. Sub-optimal RUF intake was defined as when consumption of the RUF provision was < 50%. RUF therapy acceptability and perceptions were assessed using a structured questionnaire (week 2) and focus group discussions (end of the study). Factors associated with sub-optimal RUF intake at week 2 were identified using stepwise logistic regression model. Results: We enrolled 173 participants, with a median age of 12.5 years (Interquartile range: 9.5 – 14.9), of whom 61% recovered from malnutrition within the study period. Median follow-up duration was 66 days (21 – 224). At week 2, sub-optimal RUF intake was observed in 31% of participants. Dislike of the taste of RUF (aOR=5.0, 95% CI: 2.0 – 12.3), HIV non-disclosure (5.1, 1.9 – 13.9) and food insecurity (2.8, 1.1 – 7.2) were the major risk factors associated with sub-optimal RUF intake. Most participants initially reported a positive organoleptic appreciation of RUF. Constraints on RUF feeding were the need to hide from others to avoid sharing and limited time available. Among sub-optimal consumers, disgust and adverse effects attributed to RUF were perceived as barriers impossible to overcome. Conclusions: This study revealed several factors reducing the acceptability and adherence to RUF therapy based on WHO guidelines in HIV-infected adolescents. Strengthening counselling capacity of HIV clinics, tailoring prescriptions and empowering young patients, are crucial for improving acceptability of RUF-based therapy in routine care.
Probe-based multiplex qPCR identifies bloodmeal hosts in Anopheles mosquitoes from Papua New Guinea
Authors: Keven John B , Artzberger Georgia , Gillies Mary L. , Mbewe Rex B. , Walker Edward D. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Determination of bloodmeal hosts in blood-fed female Anopheles mosquitoes is important for evaluating vectorial capacity of vector populations and assessing effectiveness of vector control measures. Sensitive molecular methods are needed to detect traces of host blood in mosquito samples, to differentiate hosts, and to detect mixed host blood meals. This paper describes a molecular probe-based quantitative PCR for identifying bloodmeal hosts in Anopheles malaria vectors from Papua New Guinea.Methods: TaqMan oligonucleotide probes targeting specific regions of mitochondrial or nuclear DNA of the three primary Anopheles bloodmeal hosts – humans, pigs and dogs – were incorporated into a multiplex, quantitative PCR which was optimized for sensitivity and specificity.Results: Amplification of serially diluted DNA showed that the quantitative PCR detected as low as 10-5 ng/μl of host DNA. Application to field-collected, blood-fed Anopheles showed that the quantitative PCR identified the vertebrate hosts for 335/375 (89%) of mosquitoes whereas only 104/188 (55%) of bloodmeal samples tested in a conventional PCR were identified. Of 188 blood-fed Anopheles that were analyzed in both PCR methods, 16 (8.5%) were identified as mixed bloodmeals by the quantitative PCR whereas only 3 (1.6%) were mixed bloodmeals by the conventional PCR.Conclusions: The multiplex quantitative PCR described here is sensitive at detecting low DNA concentration and mixed host DNA in samples and useful for bloodmeal analysis of field mosquitoes, in particular mixed-host bloodmeals.
Bis-benzylidine Piperidone RA190 Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma via Binding RPN13 and Inhibiting NF-κB Signaling
Authors: Shyu Yu-Chiau , Soong Ruey-Shyang , Ravi Anchoori , Roden Richard , Chen Yi-Chan , Tseng Sheng-Chieh , Huang Yun-Li 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common malignancy and the third leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. The development of new anticancer agents targeting different pathways is imperative to improve the advanced HCC. The aberrant metabolism and aggressive growth of cancer cells can render them particularly susceptible to proteasome inhibition, as first demonstrated by the success of bortezomib treatment for multiple myeloma. However, resistance does emerge and this 20S proteasome inhibitor has not proven active against HCC. The bis-benzylidine piperidone RA190 represents a novel class of proteasome inhibitor that covalently binds to cysteine 88 of RPN13, a ubiquitin receptor subunit of the proteasome’s 19S regulatory particle. RA190 treatment inhibits proteasome function, causing rapid accumulation of polyubiquitinated proteins.
Methods
Human HCC cell lines were treated by RA190 in vitro in different concentration and time frame. We checked the killing effect and the possible mechanisms that lead the tumor apoptosis. We also performed the orthotopic HCC animal model to show the RA190 had significant killing effect in vivo.
Results
We showed RA190 is also toxic to HCC cells by triggering the rapid build-up of polyubiquitinated proteins, resulting in endoplasmic reticulum stress and the induction of cell death via apoptosis. Considerable evidence suggests that nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signal is essential for promoting inflammation-associated cancer. Here, we showed that RA190 inhibited the NF-κB pathway in HCC by preventing the degradation of IκBα via the proteasome. Treatment of mice bearing an orthotopic HCC model with RA190 significantly reduced tumor growth. We therefore explored combining RA190 with a tyrosine kinase inhibitor currently used to the treat HCC, Sorafenib.
Conclusions
RA190 and Sorafenib exhibited synergetic killing of HCC cells in vitro, suggesting further exploration of such a combination treatment of HCC is warranted.
Roller Dryer for Drying Milk in Low-Tonnage Conditions
Authors: Beleckaya Marina , Vladimirov Alexander , Kozlova Oksana , Milenteva Irina 
Published: December 2019

Introduction. Milk has a high nutritional value and is a vital component of human diet. Today, the dairy market is one of the largest and actively developing food markets. However, this industry is characterized by such problems as seasonality and poor transportability of raw materials. These problems particularly affect small farms. Deep processing of dairy raw materials to obtain dry powders is the most effective way to solve these problems. The research objective was to develop a low-tonnage dryer for producing milk powder on small farms and to select the optimal drying temperature.
Study objects and methods. The research featured whole milk of the ‘Svoya Ferma’ brand, mass fraction of fat = 3.4–4.5%. The research was performed on the premises of Kemerovo State University (Kemerovo, Russia). The milk was dried on a pilot sample of the roller dryer developed by the research team. The dryer consisted of a vessel, heating drums, and a microcontroller, which was connected to the temperature sensor and the control circuit of the power part, which had a powerful rectifier and pulse regulator.
Results and discussion. When the drying temperature exceeded 98°C, the characteristics of the milk powder deteriorated, and the milk failed to meet the State Standard. The optimal drying temperature was 92–95°C, since at this temperature all the characteristics, except for the solubility index, corresponded to the State Standard. The sensory and physical properties of the milk powder were improved by reducing the drying time and the distance between the knife and the drum.
Conclusion. Further experiments have to be performed to determine the optimal rotation speed of the drums and the distance between the knife and the drum.
Mixing Unit for Production of Flour Baking Mixes with High Protein Content
Authors: Borodulin Dmitriy , Zorina Tatyana , Nevskaya Ekaterina , Sukhorukov Dmitriy , Cherkashina Diana 
Published: December 2019

Introduction. Semi-finished products help food industry enterprises to meet the population’s need for high-quality and nutritious foods. Popular semi-products are loose mixes enriched with vitamins, minerals, and biologically active substances. The world is currently experiencing a shortage of food protein, and its deficiency is likely to continue in the coming decades. Therefore, loose high-protein baking mixes are one of the promising directions of healthy nutrition industry. Multicomponency of such mixes makes it possible to balance their composition and develop products that have a useful comprehensive effect on the human body and strengthen protective functions.
Study objects and methods. In order to ensure a balanced composition of mixes and high-quality food production, the authors propose a new design of a continuous action vibration mixer. Experimental and industrial tests were carried out as part of a technological line for production of baking mixes with increased protein content. Trials included idling and serviceability check under load, quality tests of the obtained high-protein baking mix, as well as vibration and noise level tests. The tests provided the following rational operation parameters: amplitude of vibration A = 0.0045 m; angle of vibration β = 45°; frequency of vibration f = 33.33 Hz; number of revolutions n = 4; diameter of perforations d = 0.007 m. Biological value was determined according to the results of amino-acid analysis.
Results and discussion. The new mixing unit had the average value of the non-uniformity coefficient Vc = 6.86%, which indicated the high quality of the obtained high-protein baking mixes. The biological value of the finished food product showed a higher nutritional value than in the control sample.
Conclusions. The new vibration type mixing unit made it possible to obtain baking mixes of specified quality at the ratio of mixed components 1:60. This simple but reliable device had relatively low material and energy costs.
Effect of Wild Chamomile Extracts on the Complex of Economic Benefits of Rabbit Meat
Authors: Voroshilin Roman , Rassolov Sergey , Ul'rih Elena , Kurbanova Marina 
Published: December 2019

Introduction. Nutrition has a great effect on the quality of life and longevity. Modern food industry pays much attention to the issue of obtaining high-quality and safe livestock products grown without feed antibiotics. The research objective was to study the effect of chamomile extract on a complex of economically useful traits of young rabbits and the qualitative characteristics of meat, as well as to determine the optimal dosage of chamomile extract.
Study objects and methods. The experimental research was carried out on the animal farm of the Kuzbass State Agricultural Academy in 2018. Five experimental groups and one control group of young Californian rabbits were formed according to the principle of analogue pairs. Each group included 10 rabbits. From 70-day age, the animals of the experimental group I were supplemented with a phytobiotic feed additive based on wild chamomile extract at a dose of 0.5 g per rabbit per day. In experimental group II, each rabbit received 1 g per day; in experimental group III, it was 1.5 g per rabbit per day; in experimental group IV – 2.0 g per rabbit per day; in experimental group V – 2.5 g per head per day. The experiment lasted 30 days.
Results and discussion. The best result was achieved in experimental group II. In the experimental groups, the rabbits demonstrated an increase in hemoglobin. The use of phytobiotic feed additives in the diet did not cause any pathological changes in internal organs. The average live weight at the end of the experiment, compared with the control group, was higher: experimental group I – by 0.82%, experimental group II – by 6.96%, experimental group III – by 5.01%, experimental group IV – by 3.73%, experimental group V – by 2.80% (P ˃ 0.01). An analysis of the chemical composition of rabbit meat after the experiment showed that the water content in the rabbit meat ranged from 76 to 77%, which suggests high water-holding properties. The high dietary qualities of the rabbit meat depended on the content of protein (20–22 wt%) and the low fat content (5–7%). These data make it possible to promote rabbit meat for dietary products.
Conclusion. According to the slaughter indicators and the phytobiotic feed additives parameters of meat, the optimal dose of phytobiotic feed additives is 1 g per head per day.
A drought monitoring framework for data-scarce regions
Authors: Real-Rangel Roberto A. , Pedrozo-Acuña Adrián , Breña-Naranjo J. Agustín , Alcocer-Yamanaka Víctor H. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Drought monitoring is a critical activity for drought risk management; however, the lack of ground-based observations of climatological and hydrological variables in many regions of the world hinders an adequate follow-up and investigation of this phenomenon. This paper introduces a transparent framework for monitoring the spatio-temporal distribution of drought hazard based on uni- and multivariate standardized drought indices that use reanalysis datasets of hydrological variables available freely and globally. In the case study of the 2015–2017 East-Southwest drought in Mexico, the introduced framework successfully detected the spatial and temporal patterns of drought conditions, even in regions where a benchmark drought monitoring system failed to detect deficits. In addition, the ability of the introduced framework to detect drought impacts on the annual agricultural maize production in Mexico was evaluated using data of 1980–2018, yielding scores of the false alarm ratio =0.32, the probability of detection = 0.71, and the proportion correct = 0.68 for the analysis at the national scale. Currently, the framework provides a significant extension to the capabilities for national drought monitoring, and it is being used by the Mexican water authority in the decision-making process related to drought severity assessment.
Energy-Sensing Pathways in Ischemia: The Counterbalance Between AMPK and mTORC
Authors: Cespedes Angel , Villa Mario , Benito-Cuesta Irene , Perez-Alvarez Maria J. , Ordoñez Lara , Wandosell Francisco 
Published: December 2019

:
Stroke is an important cause of death and disability, and it is the second leading cause of death worldwide.
In humans, middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) is the most common cause of ischemic stroke. The
damage occurs due to the lack of nutrients and oxygen contributed by the blood flow.

:
The present review aims to analyze to what extent the lack of each of the elements of the system leads to damage
and which mechanisms are unaffected by this deficiency. We believe that the specific analysis of the effect of
lack of each component could lead to the emergence of new therapeutic targets for this important brain
pathology.
Usefulness of Biomarkers for Predicting Response to Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy
Authors: Asgardoon Mohammad H. , Vasheghani-Farahani Ali , Sherafati Alborz 
Published: December 2019

:
Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (CRT) is an effective treatment strategy for heart
failure. It significantly improves clinical symptoms and decreases mortality and long-term morbidity.
However, some patients do not respond properly to this treatment. In this review, the role of
different biomarkers in predicting response to CRT is discussed. Some biomarkers, including natriuretic
peptides and inflammatory markers have promising results but further trials are needed for
more evaluation.

Methods:
All the studies reporting the extent of biomarkers for predicting the response to cardiac
resynchronization therapy were included in this study. For studies using the same database, the
ones with a higher number of cases and more complete data were included. Conclusions were
drawn from relevant randomized controlled clinical trials and meta-analyses about CRT implantation
and its associated alterations in biomarker levels. Cardiac Resynchronization in Heart Failure
(CARE-HF) study was the first and the largest study on patients with CRT with the longest followup,
which showed a significant correlation between BNP levels and long-term CRT outcome. CRP
has been demonstrated to be a mediator of inflammation and a marker indicating the presence of an
inflammatory process.

Conclusion:
Natriuretic peptides, including BNP, markers of collagen synthesis like PINP, inflammatory
markers, especially CRP, gal-3, and CT-apelin yield promising results in left ventricular
remodeling and their relationship with response to CRT implantation is seen. Although more
research is needed in this area as little information is available for baseline and preprocedural
measurements, so that it would be easy to choose appropriate candidates for CRT implantation.
Pengetahuan dan sikap petugas kesehatan di pelayanan kesehatan primer dalam tata laksana kekerasan terhadap anak
Authors: Dhamayanti Meita , Arya Insa Farisa Desy , Fanissa Raina Syah 
Published: December 2019

Child abuse is a serious problem. Child abuse victims should get standarized management unless so it will affect the quality of life of the children in the future. Health services for child abuse victim are carried out through basic level services, namely the “puskesmas”. This study aims to determine the knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of health workers in primary health care on management of child abuse victims. The descriptive cross sectional study by using a questionnaires to health workers who work in Puskesmas Ramah Anak in the Bandung City. The data of gender, profession, length of time working at the Puskesmas Ramah Anak, recent education, experience in training management of violence against children, level of knowledge, attitudes, and behavior in the management of child sexual abuse. The questionnaire was distributed to 69 respondents and only 56 respondents entered the inclusion criteria. All of respondents have good knowledge 55.0% have a positive attitude and 54.0% ever done management of child sexual abuse. Health workers at the puskesmas in Bandung City generally have good knowledge of child sexual abuse management and agreeing that the management of child abuse must be carried out properly and also managed child sexual abuse in accordance with the guidelines provided.
UN ENSAYO CRÍTICO SOBRE LA INDEPENDENCIA/AUTONOMÍA DE LA BANCA CENTRAL SEGÚN EL PARADIGMA DOMINANTE
Authors: Pérez Calentey Esteban 
Published: December 2019

<p>La independencia del banco central se refiere a la independencia política y operacional para lograr y mantener la estabilidad de precios. La independencia política se justificó sobre la base que no era posible explotar la existencia de un <em>trade-off</em> en un mundo con agentes racionales. Los intentos de hacerlo daban lugar a un problema de inconsistencia intertemporal en la política económica. Además, la hipótesis de expectativas racionales limitaba significativamente el marco de acción de los banqueros centrales. La independencia de instrumentos acabó sustentándose en los marcos de metas de inflación explícitos o implícitos. La evidencia empírica muestra que el <em>trade-off</em> entre inflación y desempleo goza de buena salud y que la inflación disminuyó de manera generalizada en el mundo a partir de la década de 1990, independientemente de los objetivos de la política monetaria y marcos monetarios adoptados. Además, en el contexto actual, existe un claro predominio de los canales de transmisión financieros y de las restricciones financieras, lo que complejiza la independencia de la banca central.</p><p> </p><p><strong> </strong>A CRITICAL ESSAY ON THE INDEPENDENCE/AUTONOMY OF THE CENTRAL BANK ACCORDING TO THE DOMINANT PARADIGM</p><p align="center"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p>The independence of the central bank refers to political independence and operational independence to achieve and maintain price stability. Political independence was justified on the basis that it was not possible to exploit the existence of a trade-off in a world with rational agents. Attempts to do so led to a problem of intertemporal inconsistency in economic policy. Moreover, the rational expectations hypothesis significantly limited the framework of action of central bankers. Instrument independence, on the other hand, was based on explicit or implicit inflation targeting frameworks. Empirical evidence shows that the trade-off between inflation and unemployment is well and alive and that inflation declined widely in the 1990s regardless of monetary policy objectives and monetary frameworks adopted. Moreover, in the current context, there is a clear dominance of financial transmission channels and financial constraints that makes central bank independence a more complex issue.</p>