bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Range and Standards of Yang Dongfang Temporal Water Temperature Variation Angle II. Model Application
Authors: Yang Dongfang , Ren Haoyuan , Yang Dong , Fang Jing , Li Haixia 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
According to the investigation materials about water bodies of Jiaozhou Bay in May, August and October 1979, this paper studied the changing process of water temperature in the surface and bottom waters. Based on the definition and model of Yang Dongfang temporal water temperature variation angle, the results indicated that in the water bodies of inside, around and outside of bay mouth, Viewing the waters inside of bay mouth, around the bay mouth and outside of bay mouth as one water body, the length of variation range of Yang Dongfang temporal water temperature variation angle is 2.98°when heating the surface of this water body, and 0.14°when heating the bottom. The length of variation range of this angle is 6.87°when cooling the surface and 7.28°when cooling the bottom, which displays the changing process of water temperature under the heating or cooling condition.
Numerical simulations of the combustion characteristics for a 660MW tangentially fired boiler with different closing-to-wall air velocities
Authors: Liang Kui , Liu Guangkui , Liu Feng 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
To solve the problem of high temperature corrosion of water-cooled wall of power station boiler, this paper proposes a new type technology of closing-to-wall air. Taking a 660MW tangentially fired boiler as the research object, numerical simulations were conducted to study the influences of closing-to-wall air velocity on the combustion characteristics in the boiler. The results show that O2 concentration in the flowing region is significantly increased, CO concentration is significantly reduced, and the oxidizing atmosphere in the near-wall region is enhanced. As the closing-to-wall air velocity increases, the rigidity of the airflow is gradually stronger, and the penetration depth of the airflow increases, so that the coverage area of the airflow is increased. The influence of the closing-to-wall air velocity on the combustion effect of the boiler is negligible.
Analysis of Hydrogen Corrosion of Water Wall Tube of a Power Plant Boiler
Authors: Chengchuan Tian , Chong Jiang 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
During the operation of a power station boiler with the rated evaporation of 1025 t/h, its water wall tube, which is made of SA-210C, bursts continuously. Based on the fracture analysis, material inspection, metallographic examination, energy spectrum analysis and mechanical property analysis of the tube sample, this paper confirms that the cause of the water wall tube failure is hydrogen corrosion, which is accelerated by the copper impurity.
Optimization design method of PRHRS air heat exchanger based on natural circulation characteristics
Authors: Wang Yandong , Chen Yongdong , Wu Xiaohong , Yu Zhiqiang , Cheng Pei 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Passive residual heat removal system (PRHRS) was the key equipment to ensure the inherent safety of the fourth generation of nuclear reactors, which can effectively reduce the probability of core meltdown in the event of an accident. A multi-physics coupling model of sodium cooled fast reactor PRHRS was established in this paper, which based on the natural circulation characteristics of PRHRS. The model was analytically calculated according to the flow balance and energy balance, and finally the model was dynamically balanced. The influence of the tube spacing of the serpentine finned tube and the opening area of the air door on the thermal behavior of the system was analyzed through PRHRS model, and the optimal design method of the air heat exchanger (AHX) of PRHRS was mastered. The research results provide a theoretical basis for the rational design of the air heat exchanger and the safe operation of the sodium cooled fast reactor PRHRS.
Numerical Simulation Research on Agglomeration between Coal-fired Fly Ash Fine Particulate and Atomized Droplets
Authors: Guo Yiquan , Zhang Junying 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
In this paper, the interaction process between atomized droplets and particles after spraying chemical agglomeration solution was numerically simulated, the force model of particles in agglomeration solution was established, and the effects of density, viscosity, flow rate of agglomeration solution, and diameter of atomized droplets and other factors on the velocity, quality, diameter and number of particles after agglomeration were analyzed. The simulation results showed that the speed, mass, diameter and number of particles after agglomeration were greatly affected by the physical and chemical parameters of the chemical agglomeration solution. Increasing the density and viscosity of the solution could increase the variation trend of each characteristic quantity of particles. As the flow rate of agglomeration solution and diameter of atomized droplets became larger, the collision probability between the solution and particles got higher as a result. Since the particles gradually agglomerated, their mass and diameter increased. As their speed gradually decreased, the probability of collision and agglomeration with chemical agglomeration solution decreased as well.
Design and Research of High-accuracy and Intelligence Test Device for Gas Water Heater Energy Efficiency
Authors: Wu Zhongjie , Xu Dinghua , Zhang Haiyun , Hang Chenzhe , Zhou Junhong 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The research subject aims to solve the defects of slow test speed and inefficient for gas water heater energy efficiency. It not only applies modern sensor technology, high reliability data acquisition card, solenoid valve control technology and stable industrial computer, but also adopts LabVIEW language, PID control technology and flow stability judgment algorithms to develop an efficient, accurate and intelligent test system for gas water heater energy efficiency. The test results shows that the measurement repeatability of the test device is superior to the artificial test device and common intelligent test device, and the assessed measurement uncertainty meets the requirements of the national supervision and inspection technical specifications.
Numerical study on condensation of steam/air mixture inside corrugated low finned tubes
Authors: Ren Bin , Lu Hongliang , Tang Xiaoying , Du Yannan , Si Jun , Ren Facai 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Corrugated low finned tubes are the specical spirally corrugated tubes, which can enhance the condensation heat transfer with and without noncondensable gas. In this paper, a numerical model on the basis of diffusion layer theory was established to investigate the local heat transfer characteristic inside corrugated low finned tubes. The local parameters contain bulk temperatures, gas mass fraction, heat transfer coefficient and heat flux. The results showed that the bulk temperatures decreased along the condenser tube but the noncondensable gas mass fraction displayed the opposite trend. The local heat transfer coefficient and heat flux decrease along the condenser tube especially near the outlet. Of the five enhanced tubes, #5 tube had the best overall heat transfer performance, but it also had the fastest rate of decline as condensation progressed, indicating that the rib was the main influence factor compared with pitch.
Heat Transfer Characteristics and Energy Efficiency Analysis of Finned Tube Heat Exchangers
Authors: Wang Zhenchuan , Liu Chao , Zhang Songsong 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Flow and heat transfer characteristics of the integral finned tube heat exchanger are studied by the numerical simulation method in the present paper. The energy efficiency levels of two types of finned tube heat exchangers (aligned finned tube and staggered finned tube) are evaluated by PEC method. The heat transfer intensity of different finned tube heat exchangers was evaluated by the field synergy principle. When the tube spacing ratio (S1/S2=1) is small, the field synergy of staggered finned tube is similar to the aligned finned tube, and the PEC index is less than 1; when the spacing ratio (S1/S2=3) is large, the field synergy of the staggered finned tube get much stronger than the aligned finned tube, and the PEC index is larger than 1 as the Re≥8×104. Considering both the change of heat transfer intensity and the increase of resistance, it is recommended to evaluate the energy efficiency level of finned tube heat exchanger by PEC method.
Effect of PS-g-MAH Content on ABS/PC Composites
Authors: Zhang Q , Wen J , Chen B , Yin L , Zhu Z F 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) is a common plastic which used in many fields with two-phase system Polycarbonate (PC) is a high-performance amorphous engineering thermoplastics. ABS/PC composites were researched in many academic papers and used in many fields. Polystyrene(PS) grafted with maleic anhydride (MAH)( PS-g-MAH) on ABS/PC composites is studied in this article. The tensile strength and elongation at break of ABS/PC blends have the maximum value when the content of PS-g-MAH is 3%. Tg of ABS in blends increase with the content of PS-g-MAH, which maybe induced by the increase of ABS/PC interface compatibility. From the photo of SEM, the addition of PS-g-MAH improves the compatibility of the interface of the two phases, leading to an increasing trend in the size of PC particles.
Finite Element Study on Chain-Die Forming of an AHSS Channel with Variable Depth
Authors: Bene F F M , Liang Z Y , Yang H , Li D Y , Ding S C 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
A novel manufacturing technology called chain-die forming was in recent years proposed by Dr. Ding as an alternative to conventional roll forming. Mainly applied in the automotive industry, its prolonged deformation range enables the forming of advanced high strength steels (AHSS) with considerably reduced residual strain, which enables an adequate response to the increasing market requirements of this industry. In this paper, the finite element simulation of chain-die forming an AHSS channel with variable depth is performed. For more accurate predictions, the Bauschinger effect is well considered through the Chaboche hardening model implemented. The residual plastic strain and thickness distributions of the U shaped variable-depth profile are numerically evaluated. The forming limit at a critical zone is analyzed and the predicted magnitude of springback after forming is also calculated. The results portray the forming feasibility and strength of the chain-die forming technology as a valid alternative solution to stamping and roll forming, which are commonly used methods to manufacture such products. In one pass, a complete profile is achieved as opposed to roll forming, with no product defect such as wrinkling or cracking with limited springback development.
Study on the Correlation between the Texture Depth of Volume Replacement Method and the Texture Depth of Spectral Reproduction Method
Authors: Jinning Zhang , Yishu Zhou , Pengfei Wang , Huayang He 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Through theoretical research and actual road condition analysis, this paper establishes the simulation calculation model and the spectrum analysis model. Through the spectrum inversion, the stable road surface state is obtained, and the conversion relationship between the reconstruction depth of the spectral reproduction method and the structural depth of the volume displacement method is obtained. Through the conversion relationship of a typical single spectrum, the relationship between SMTD and TD is obtained under each type of standard waveform. Actually, in the process of sand paving, due to the presence of the exposed part, the SMTD and TD in the actual road surface are not positively correlated, thereby correcting the relationship between SMTD and TD. The acquired road surface data is modeled by MATLAB, and the analog waveform is made according to the actual waveform, and the reduced order decomposition is performed to determine the range of a. The intercept b value is determined by comparing the experimental spectra before and after sanding. This paper solves the problem that the detection mechanism needs to perform statistical correlation test in accordance with the requirements of JTG-E60 regulations to meet the requirements of pavement assessment.
A Method for Calibrating Thrust of Satellite Based on the Attitude Variety On-orbit
Authors: Ji Jialong , Gao Yong , Zhang Ali , Lin Qian 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The propulsion system of satellites is usually used for orbital controlling and attitude-adjusting. And the thrust of thrusters is always calibrated by ground test. A method of calibrating the small thrust of thrusters used for satellites on-orbit is presented in this paper. The application of this method is based on the variety of the attitude of the satellite. And the rotate speed of reaction wheel, the star sensor, and the scopperil, and other components in satellite are utilized in this method. The ground test of 1N thrusters was also carried out, and the thrust calibration test of the same thrusters was performed on-orbit according to this method described here. Both the test were compared, and the results show that both the data are coincident, which means that the method is fit for calibrating small thrust of satellites on-orbit.
Using constrained mixture design method for optimizing the properties of organoclay filled ethylene-octene copolymer nanocomposites
Authors: Tayefi Masoud , Razavi-Nouri Mohammad , Sabet Alireza 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The mixture design method was used to model the physical and mechanical properties of ethylene-octene copolymer (EOC) nanocomposite containing organically modified montmorillonite (OMT) which were cross-linked dynamically by various amounts of dicumyl peroxide (DCP). A mixture design technique with three components was employed to assess the correlations between the selected properties of the nanocomposites and the component values. For this purpose, EOC, OMT and DCP content were selected as the components. The influences of these components were studied on the tensile strength, modulus at 100% strain, strain at break, x-ray peak intensity and the initial slope of the logarithm of storage modulus versus the logarithm of angular frequency of the nanocomposites prepared. The regression equations of the models as well as contour plots were generated for the properties studied. Good agreements were found between the experimental results and those predicted by the models. The contour plots of each property were overlaid within the applied constraints to discover the combination of factor ranges that provided the nanocomposite with optimal performance.
Effect of ZnS nanowire ARC on CZTS/CdS thin film solar cell by Nebulizer Spray Pyrolysis Technique
Authors: Fathima M Ismail , Arulanantham A M S , Wilson K S Joseph 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The main intention of this experimental work is to eliminate the reflection of the CZTS/CdS thin film solar cell by depositing the ZnS Antireflection coating (ARC) by Nebulizer Spray Pyrolysis Technique. The CZTS/CdS thin films with and without ZnS Antireflection coating (ARC) deposited using nebulizer spray pyrolysis method is reported in this work. The prepared films were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and UV–Vis spectroscopy analysis. Structural parameters such as lattice constants, texture orientation factor, micro strain, dislocation density and crystallite size were estimated using XRD data. The efficiency of CZTS/CdS solar cell is calculated using I-V characteristics. The experimental results exhibit the short circuit current increased from 9.269 × 10−5A to 1.250 × 10−4A and efficiency raised from 0.21% to o.45%. with ZnS as a ARC. The theoretical quantum efficiency of CZTS solar cell with ZnS ARC is increased from 0.020% to 0.030%. The results indicates that the ZnS ARC is one of the perfect ARC in the CZTS solar cell.
Effect of empty fruit bunches microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) on the thermal, mechanical and morphological properties of biodegradable poly (lactic acid) (PLA) and polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT) composites
Authors: Nor Amira Izzati A , John W C , Nurul Fazita M R , Najieha N , Azniwati A A , Abdul Khalil H P S 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Nowadays, awareness of the environment is rising among society. Thus, more researches on the utilization of biodegradable polymer as an alternative to non-biodegradable polymers have been published. Among various biopolymers, Poly (lactic acid) (PLA) and polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT) have received a lot of attention because they can be processed using most of the conventional polymer processing methods. PLA is high in strength and modulus, but it is brittle while PBAT is flexible and tough. Thus, PBAT is a good candidate for the toughing of PLA. But when the PLA is blending with PBAT, a certain strength of PLA may be affected. Hence, the reinforcement material is required to improve weakened strength. In this study, PLA was blended with PBAT at various ratios (PLA: PBAT = 90: 10, 80: 20, 70: 30) with a melt‐blending method. The PLA/PBAT blends at a blend ratio of 80: 20, exhibited optimum mechanical performance. Then, PLA/PBAT blends at a blend ratio of 80: 20 was reinforced with different content of EFB-MCC (1 wt%, 3 wt% and 5 wt%) using an internal mixer. The PLA/PBAT blends reinforced with EFB-MCC composites were produced using the compression moulding method. The mechanical, thermal and morphology properties of the composites were investigated. The impact strength of PLA/PBAT blend after addition of both C-MCC and EFB-MCC up to 5 wt% was reduced. The morphological observations from SEM proved the occurrence of the MCC agglomeration in PLA/PBAT blend. DSC results showed trivial changes between the Tg and Tm of PLA/PBAT blend with PLA/PBAT blend reinforced with both types of MCC. TGA results demonstrated that the PLA/PBAT blend reinforced with EFB-MCC has better thermal stability compared to C-MCC. However, further research is needed to improve the interfacial properties of the immiscible PLA/PBAT by compatibilization and enhance the properties of the MCC reinforced PLA/PBAT blend composites.
Transport evidence of mass-less Dirac fermions in (Cd1−x−yZnxMny)3As2 (x + y = 0.4)
Authors: Zakhvalinskii V S , Nikulicheva T B , Pilyuk E A , Lähderanta E , Shakhov M A , Ivanov O N , Kochura E P , Kochura A V , Aronzon B A 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Charge carriers parameters on a 2D-layer surface for (Cd1−x−yZnxMny)3As2 (y = 0.08) (the concentration

n

2
D

= 1.9 × 1012 cm–2, the effective value of the 2D-layer

d

2
D

=

n

2
D

/

n

3
D

= 14.5 nm, the wave vector

k

F

= 0.1 nm–1, the charge carriers relaxation time due to dispersion

τ

D

= 1.8 × 10–13 s, the velocity of charge carriers on Fermi surface

v

F

=

ℏ

k

F

/

m

c

= 2.65 × 105 m s−1, the mean free path

l

F

=

v

F

τ

D

= 47.7 nm) were determined. It was found that the dependence of the cyclotron mass m

с
(0)/m0 on Fermi wave vector k

F
for (Cd1−x−yZnxMny)3As2 (y = 0.08) is in compliance with a theoretical linear dependence, that describes mass-less Dirac fermions.
Electrospun TiO2 nanofiber electrodes for high performance supercapacitors
Authors: Kuchi Charan , Narayana A Lakshmi , Hussain O M , Reddy P Sreedhara 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Nanofibers are one dimensional (1D) nanoarchitecture materials having high surface-to-volume ratio which provides improved ion diffusion and high mechanical strength to prevent volume expansion during electrochemical process and enhance the cycle stability. In the present study, TiO2 nanofibers (TNFs) were successfully synthesized on an aluminum collector with a polymer concentration of 9 wt % by cost-effective electrospinning technique followed by annealing at a temperature 500 °C. The XRD spectrum of electrospun TNFs exhibited predominant (101) orientation corresponding to anatase TiO2 with I41/amd symmetry. The estimated average crystallite size is 18 nm. The strongest Raman vibrational mode at 143 cm−1 confirms the phase purity of TNFs. The surface morphological feature depicts interconnected network fibers with a variation in the fiber diameter and the estimated average diameter is ∼150 ± 20 nm. Very smooth surface and homogenously distributed ultra long nanofibers are observed from TEM analysis. The newly fabricated TNF electrode delivered a specific capacitance of 75 Fg−1 and retained 95% capacitance even after 5000 cycles. Moreover, it exhibited energy density and power density values of 24 Whkg−1 and 22.08 Wkg−1 respectively. The large capacitance, high coulombic efficiency and good structural stability demonstrate that TNFs should open up new opportunities for the next-generation high performance supercapacitors.
Anomalous low-temperature saturation effects and negative thermal expansion in the c-axis of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite at the magic angle
Authors: Taallah Ayoub , Shuai Gao , Odunmbaku Omololu , Corrias Anna , Boi Filippo S 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
We report a novel T-XRD and Rietveld-refinement investigation of pyrolytic-graphite samples with high degree of graphene-layer-orientation and misfit-rotational-angle of ∼0.8° in the T-range from 12 K to 298 K. An anomalous variation of the graphitic c-axis which involves firstly negative-thermal-expansion (from 12 K to ∼50 K), a saturation-effect (from 50 K to ∼160 K) and then a positive expansion (from ∼180 K to 298 K) is evidenced. The reported trend is significantly different with respect to that expected by considering the standard-thermal-expansion α-parameter where no saturation-effect is present. SQUID-magnetometry revealed further presence of superconducting-like hysteresis which resemble those observed by Scheike et al.
Laser cladding technique for erosive wear applications: a review
Authors: Singh Sarpreet , Goyal Deepak Kumar , Kumar Parlad , Bansal Anuj 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Slurry erosion is a serious menace in most of the hydro machine components all around the globe. Slurry erosion is accountable for heavy economic losses. However, some counter measures are being taken to mitigate the effect of sand particles passing through hydro-machine parts and research is also underway to improve the component surface by applying different surface coatings. Laser cladding is a surface deposition process that is used to achieve very good metallurgical bonding with minimum porosity as compared to other surface coating techniques. In this research paper, an attempt has been made to compile the literature related to laser cladding technology, its applications, process parameters, coating materials and their effectiveness to bestow solutions to various types of surface degradation with special emphasis on slurry erosion problems. This paper will serve as a reference for the researchers working in the area of slurry erosion prevention.