bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Atrial Cardiopathy and Likely Pathogenic Patent Foramen Ovale in Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source
Authors: Leventis Ioannis A. , Sagris Dimitrios , Strambo Davide , Perlepe Kalliopi , Sirimarco Gaia , Nannoni Stefania , Korompoki Eleni , Manios Efstathios , Makaritsis Konstantinos , Vemmos Konstantinos , Michel Patrik , Ntaios George 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background Atrial cardiopathy and likely pathogenic patent foramen ovale (PFO) are two potential embolic sources in patients with embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS). The relationship between these two mechanisms among ESUS patients remains unclear.
Methods Atrial cardiopathy was defined as increased left atrial diameter index (> 23 mm/m2) or left atrial volume index (> 34 mL/m2), or PR prolongation (≥ 200 ms), or presence of supraventricular extrasystoles in the electrocardiograms performed during hospitalization for the index stoke. The presence of PFO was assessed by transthoracic echocardiography with microbubble test or by transesophageal echocardiography. The presence of PFO was considered as likely pathogenic if the Risk of Paradoxical Embolism score was 7 to 10.
Results Among 367 ESUS patients with available information about the presence of PFO and the presence of atrial cardiopathy (median age: 61 years, 40.6% women), likely pathogenic PFO was diagnosed in 62 (16.9%) and atrial cardiopathy in 122 (33.2%). Only 4 patients (1.1%) had both likely pathogenic PFO and atrial cardiopathy. The prevalence of atrial cardiopathy was lower in patients with likely pathogenic PFO (6.5%) compared with patients with likely incidental PFO (31.2%) or without PFO (40.6%) (Pearson's chi-square test: 26.08, p < 0.001; adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 0.28, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.09–0.86). The prevalence of likely pathogenic PFO was lower in patients with atrial cardiopathy compared with patients without atrial cardiopathy (3.3% vs. 23.7%, respectively [Pearson's chi-square test: 24.13, p < 0.001; adjusted OR: 0.2, 95% CI: 0.02–0.6]).
Conclusion The presence of atrial cardiopathy is inversely related to the presence of likely pathogenic PFO in patients with ESUS.
Comparison of Speech Perception Abilities of Children using Bimodal Hearing with Children using Cochlear Implant Alone
Authors: Belsare Gauri , Sarda Sharda , Bhardwaj Prakash , Belsare Sai 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Introduction There are very few studies comparing speech perception abilities of children using bimodal hearing over monaural cochlear implant and factors related to benefit of bimodal hearing. The aim of this study is to compare speech perception abilities of children using bimodal fitting versus children using cochlear implant alone and explore factors related to benefit of bimodal hearing.
Materials and Methods In the present study, 20 cochlear implantees with the hearing age range of 3 to 8 years were included. Speech perception performance was assessed by means of Parent’s Evaluation of Aural/Oral Performance of Children scale and early speech perception (ESP) test: Pattern Perception Words, Monosyllabic Words, Bisyllabic, and Trisyllabic Words Identification test. ESP test was carried out in two conditions cochlear implant with hearing aid in opposite ear (CIHA), bimodal, and cochlear implant (CI) alone. Aided audiometry was also carried out in above mentioned two conditions.
Results and Discussion On aided audiometry test, aided thresholds were improved by 5 to 6 dB in CIHA condition as compared to CI alone condition in 14 out of 20 children. Whereas on speech perception test, there was a significant improvement of 15 to 20% on domains of ESP test in these children. Factors such as implant age, chronological age, and number of hours of hearing aid usage were not significantly associated with benefit. Nevertheless aided threshold at 4,000 Hz was found to be significantly associated with bimodal benefit.
Conclusion Bimodal hearing is beneficial in most of the children than monaural hearing through cochlear implant.
Identification and Sensitivity of Vaginal and Probiotic Lactobacillus species to Urinary Antibiotics
Authors: Singhal Lipika , Gupta Varsha , Gupta Menal , Goel Poonam , Chander Jagdish 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Objectives Healthy vaginal microbiota is mainly dominated by Lactobacillus species namely L. crispatus, L. gasseri, L. jensenii, and L. iners. Lactobacilli are thought to play an important role in the prevention of urogenital infections, and Lactobacillus probiotics to restore and/or maintain vaginal health has been advocated. These can interfere with the adherence, growth, and colonization by uropathogenic bacteria, thus reducing the risk of urinary tract infection (UTI). This study aims to isolate and evaluate the susceptibility of healthy vaginal and probiotic Lactobacillus spp. to urinary antibiotics.
Materials and methods A total of 50 premenopausal, nonmenstruating women with no symptoms of vaginal infection or UTI or antimicrobial use in the past 2 weeks were enrolled. Two high vaginal swabs were collected for Nugent’s scoring and anaerobic culture. Colonies yielding gram-positive rods were confirmed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Lactobacillus strains in a vaginal probiotic tablet were also isolated, and the sensitivity of both sets to urinary antibiotics was determined.
Results A total of 29 Lactobacillus spp. were isolated, including L. crispatus (15), L. gasseri (5), L. vaginalis (4), L. paracasei (2), L. curvatus (1), L. fermentum (1), and L. paraplantarum (1). All strains were susceptible to nitrofurantoin and resistant to norfloxacin, gentamicin, and cotrimoxazole (except L. paracasei). The probiotic strains were pan-sensitive.
Conclusions Prophylactic antibiotics are capable of eliminating the normal vaginal inhabitants, which may increase the probability of UTI. The administration of vaginal probiotics as an alternate or multidrug therapy can restore vaginal microbiota and help prevent recurrent UTI.
Physics and 21st Century Science Standards
Authors:   AAPT
Published: September 2020

This book aims to help K–12 physics teachers understand how their classroom practice aligns with the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS), first drafted in 2012. It provides an overview and history of the NGSS, as well as guidelines to reading and interpreting performance expectations, which are embedded with the three dimensions of science learning. Teachers can find out how they can effectively align their practice should their state adopt the NGSS.
Key highlights:Identifies physics concepts across all kindergarten through high school grade bandsAnalyzes the high school physics standards that are included in and excluded from performance expectationsIdentifies weaknesses and omissions in the guidelines, with recommendations for improvement.
Physics and 21st Century Science Standards will help K–12 physics and science teachers better understand how their classroom practice is or could be aligned with the NGSS.
Safety in Physics Education
Authors:   American Association of Physics Teachers Apparatus Committee
Published: September 2020

Are physics activities really hazardous? Science by its very nature can never be completely risk-free. The goal of this manual is to create an awareness of safety, to encourage safe habits, and to teach respect for potential safety hazards.
This manual is intended for a broad audience in the physics teaching community. It can be used across the spectrum of experimental and demonstration activities — from elementary to advanced undergraduate laboratories.
Association of acute and chronic workloads with injury risk in high‐performance junior tennis players
Authors: Moreno‐Pérez Victor , Prieto Jaime , Del Coso Juan , Lidó‐Micó José Ezequiel , Fragoso Miguel , Penalva Francisco José , Reid Machar , Pluim Babette M. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis study examined the association and predictive ability of several markers of internal workload on risk of injury in high‐performance junior tennis players. Fifteen young, high‐level tennis players (9 males, 6 females; age: 17.2 ± 1.1 years; height: 178.5 ± 8.7 cm; mass: 68.1 ± 4.8 kg) participated in this investigation. Data on injury epidemiology and internal workload during training were obtained for one competitive season. The session‐rating of perceived exertion (s‐RPE) was used to calculate internal workload markers in absolute (acute workload and chronic workload for 2‐weeks, 3‐weeks and 4‐weeks) and relative terms (acute:chronic workload ratios [ACWR] for 2‐weeks, 3‐weeks and 4‐weeks). Associations and diagnostic power for predicting tennis injuries were examined through generalised estimating equations and receiver operating characteristics analyses. During the season, a total of 40 injuries were recorded, corresponding to 3.5 injuries per 1000 h of tennis practice. The acute workload was highly associated with injury incidence (P=0.04), as injury risk increased by 1.62 times (95% CI: 1.01–2.62) for every increase of 1858.7 arbitrary units (AU) of the workload during the most recent training week. However, acute workload was a poor predictor of injury, and associations between injury and internal workload markers were weak (all P>0.05). These findings demonstrate an association between high values of acute workload and the risk of injury in high‐level tennis players. However, a high acute workload is only one of the many factors associated with injury, and by itself, has low predictive ability for injury.
Investigation of the correlation between perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, spin mixing conductance and interfacial Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction in CoFeB-based systems
Authors: Benguettat-El Mokhtari I , Ourdani D , Roussigné Y , Mos R B , Nasui M , Chérif S M , Stachkevich A , Gabor M S , Belmeguenai M 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Correlation between interfacial Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction (iDMI), perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) and spin pumping-induced damping was investigated in CoFeB-based systems grown by sputtering on Si substrates, using Pt, Ta, Cu, W and MgO capping layers. Vibrating sample magnetometer, Brillouin light scattering (BLS) and broadband ferromagnetic resonance techniques were combined for this aim. The CoFeB thickness dependence of iDMI and PMA constants, in CoFeB/X (where X = Pt, Cu/Pt, Ta/Pt or W/Al), revealed that only the CoFeB/Pt system presents a measurable iDMI and that the interfacial PMA is mostly similar except for the Ta/CoFeB/Ta/Pt system. Therefore, no clear correlation between the above-mentioned interfacially-driven and spin-orbit coupling related quantities was observed due to their different origins in our systems. An efficient sample design involving various spacer layers of variable thicknesses in Ta/CoFeB(1.5 nm)/Y/Pt (where Y = Cu, Ta, MgO) allowed evidence of a linear correlation between iDMI, PMA constants and the effective spin mixing conductance. The linear dependence, which could result from the narrow variation range of PMA and/or iDMI, is attributed to the similar interface orbital hybridizations involved in PMA, iDMI and spin pumping-induced damping.
Graphene/graphitic carbon nitride decorated with AgBr to boost photoelectrochemical performance with enhanced catalytic ability
Authors: Muhmood Tahir , Cai Zihe , Lin Shengxuan , Xiao Jiajia , Hu Xiaobin , Ahmad Farooq 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
A novel graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) bridge between two semiconductors (AgBr and graphitic carbon nitride) was created to boost photoelectrochemical performance. The heterojunction created makes the whole system a Z-scheme catalyst. For the construction of this catalyst, the syringe pump methodology was adopted and different analytical techniques were used for the confirmation of structure and morphology. High angle annular dark field (HAADF), dark field (DF), DF-4 and DF-2 techniques, using Z-contrast phenomena, confirmed the heterostructure (ABGCN) and its composition. The constructed structure showed an enhanced photoelectrochemical and catalytic property against ‘acute toxicity category-III (MM)’ and ‘category-IV (tetracycline hydrochloride (TH))’ organic pollutants. The constructed catalyst degraded the MM in 57 min and the TH in 35 min with degradation rates of 0.01489 min−1 and 0.02387 min−1, respectively, due to the accumulation of photogenerated electrons on the conduction band (CB) of g-C3N4 and photogenerated holes on the valence band (VB) of AgBr by the transformation of charges through the graphene bridge. An ion trapping study also revealed that ·O2 and h+ were the active species which actively participated in the photocatalytic reaction.
Electrospun degradable Zn-Mn oxide hierarchical nanofibers for specific capture and efficient release of circulating tumor cells
Authors: Xu Longguang , Li Rui , Wang Zixiang , Cui Heng , Li Wei , Yu Mingxia , Guo Shi-Shang , Zhao Xing-Zhong 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Constructing biological affinity devices is considered as an effective strategy for isolating circulating tumor cells (CTCs), and electrospun nanofibers (ESNFs) have recently received attention. However, the current research focuses on polymer fibers, and fabricating stimuli-responsive inorganic nanofibers for cancer diagnosis and analysis is still challenging. In this work, Zn-Mn oxide nanofibers (ZnMnNFs) are used to capture and purify cancer cells after modification with specific antibodies. Then, the hierarchical nanofibers are degraded by reductive weak acid to release the captured cells efficiently without residues. Fusion of Zn and Mn, two transition metals, enhances the surface activity of oxides so that ZnMnNFs are easier to be degraded and modified. By using MCF-7 cancer cells, the cell capture efficiency of ZnMnNFs is up to 88.2%. Furthermore, by using citric acid, it is discovered that, by comparison with Mn oxide nanofibers, the cell release efficiency of ZnMnNFs is improved to 95.1% from 15.4%. In addition, the viability of released cells exceeds 90%. Lastly, the robustness of ZnMnNFs substrates is tested in peripheral blood from breast cancer patients (BCP) and colorectal cancer patients (CCP). Combined with fluorescence labeling, CTCs are confirmed to be isolated from all the clinical samples. This is the first trial of using ternary inorganic ESNFs for cancer cell capture. It is anticipated that the degradable ESNFs will provide biocompatible theranostic platforms and overcome the current limitations of cell release for high-precision gene analysis.
Phantom material testing indicates that the mechanical properties, geometrical dimensions, and tensional state of tendons affect oscillation-based measurements
Authors: Sichting Freddy , Kram Nicolai C 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Objective: There is an increasing interest in the application of oscillation-based measurement techniques to evaluate the mechanical stiffness of healthy and diseased tendons. These techniques measure the stiffness of a tendon indirectly by registering the oscillation response of a tendon to an external mechanical impulse. Although these measurement techniques seem to be comparatively easy and time-saving, their applicability is implicitly limited by their indirect measurement principle. Approach: In this study, we aim to find evidence that the oscillation response of a tendon to an external mechanical impulse is not only affected by the stiffness of a tendon but also by the tendons’ cross-sectional area (CSA), length, and tension. Therefore, we reviewed the current literature on oscillation-based techniques that measure in vivo tendon properties. Further, a phantom material was used to mimic the nature of tendons and to test the impact of four factors on oscillation-based measurements. Main results: Our results indicate that the mechanical properties, geometrical dimensions (length and CSA), and tensional state affect oscillation-based measures. Surprisingly, most studies on tendon behavior often exclusively associate their oscillation-based measurements with the mechanical stiffness of a tendon. Significance: While this narrow perspective bears the risk of misinterpretation or false implications, a broader understanding of oscillation-based measurements has the potential to shed new light on the interaction of muscles and tendons in vivo.
Suppressing excess noise for atmospheric continuous-variable quantum key distribution via adaptive optics approach
Authors: Chai Geng , Huang Peng , Cao Zhengwen , Zeng Guihua 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The excess noise inducing in the process of the quantum communication procedure is the major obstacle restricting the performance of continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD). In order to effectively suppress the excess noise through correcting the propagation-induced distortions on the quality of the propagated quantum signal, we propose a general scheme of suppressing excess noise for CVQKD via adaptive optics (AO) approach. The analysis shows that phase-only AO compensation exhibits excellent performance in controlling the excess noise, which is embodied in substantially extending the secure propagation distance and improving the secret key rate of the system. And thereby the development and improvement of AO has the potential advantage to break the distance constraints due to the excess noise results from propagation-dominated factors. Our scheme provides a feasible method for further implementation of practical large-scale CVQKD.
Dual mode spectroscopic biomedical sensor: Technical considerations for the wireless testbed*
Authors: Masud Usman , Ali Mudassar , Qamar Farhan , Zeeshan Ahmed , Ikram Momna 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
A real time implementation of a spectroscopy based dual mode sensor necessitates a timely and reliable transmission of information to and from the sensor. This becomes one of the pivotal roles of the sensor as the wireless transmission must be timely, accurate and reliable. For this purpose, our project aims to use a Gabor expansion model with a single-tap time-frequency channel model. This protocol has been planned to be used in a biomedical sensor system that aims for the detection of human breath for patients above 60. For this mechanism to work in dispersive channels, error introduced by this model needs to be minimized by optimizing Gabor prototype frames. We attempt to reduce this error via Newton method for a Wide-Sense Stationary Uncorrelated Scattering (WSSUS) environment. Therefore, numerous factors need to be considered, and have been presented. The sensitivity of this sensor setup in terms of least amount of discernible absorption coefficient is

8.37
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5

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, and we attempt to maintain this value via our wireless approach. The suggested solution provides an error within a threshold of 1 to 2% in case of our results. In this manner, the sanctity of information going to and from the human body is tantamount to be highly accurate that highlights the efficiency of this scheme in our biomedical sensor.
A soft and stretchable bilayer electrode array with independent functional layers for the next generation of brain machine interfaces
Authors: Graudejus Oliver , Barton Cody , Ponce Wong Ruben D , Rowan Cami C , Oswalt Denise , Greger Bradley 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Objective. Brain-Machine Interfaces (BMIs) hold great promises for advancing neuroprosthetics, robotics, and for providing treatment options for severe neurological diseases. The objective of this work is the development and in vivo evaluation of electrodes for BMIs that meet the needs to record brain activity at sub-millimeter resolution over a large area of the cortex while being soft and electromechanically robust (i.e. stretchable). Approach. Current electrodes require a trade-off between high spatiotemporal resolution and cortical coverage area. To address the needs for simultaneous high resolution and large cortical coverage, the prototype electrode array developed in this study employs a novel bilayer routing of soft and stretchable lead wires from the recording sites on the surface of the brain (electrocorticography, ECoG) to the data acquisition system. Main results. To validate the recording characteristics, the array was implanted in healthy felines for up to 5 months. Neural signals recorded from both layers of the device showed elevated mid-frequency structures typical of local field potential (LFP) signals that were stable in amplitude over implant duration, and also exhibited consistent frequency-dependent modulation after anesthesia induction by Telazol. Significance. The successful development of a soft and stretchable large-area, high resolution micro ECoG electrode array (lahrμECoG) is an important step to meet the neurotechnological needs of advanced BMI applications.
Features and modern approaches to the analysis of the financial condition of the debtor as a necessary element of the bankruptcy procedure of agricultural enterprises
Authors: Letyagina Ekaterina A , Dadayan Elena V , Storozheva Anna N 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The article presents the results of a study of the features of the bankruptcy procedure for agricultural enterprises, discusses the specifics of the analysis of the financial condition of agricultural debtors, and also provides statistical data on the number of reports on declaring a debtor bankrupt and opening bankruptcy proceedings against legal entities depending on the industry of the debtor, which allows determining the position of this indicator of enterprises of agriculture, forestry, enterprises, enterprises hunting, fishing and fish farming. In addition, the study considers relevant data on the bankruptcy of agricultural enterprises in the territory of such a large region as the Krasnoyarsk Territory. In our study, we determine that the fate of an agricultural enterprise is directly dependent on data on the financial condition provided by the arbitration manager. All the main performance indicators of the debtor are reflected precisely in the report on financial and economic activities, which allows us to assess the possibilities of financial recovery of the agricultural enterprise.
Modern tools for promoting foodstuffs in the conditions of the digital economy development
Authors: Popova A D , Panchenko Yu V , Chepeleva K V , Shmeleva Zh N 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The role of modern interactive media in the promotion of goods and services in the conditions of the economy digitalization is presented in the article. Relatively new tools for organizing non-standard marketing communications for the product promotion are considered. The information about the Internet tools and their advantages for the product promotion are consolidated. The target audience was determined based on the example of the Krasnoyarsk territory agricultural products, the non-traditional group of vegetable oils. The marketing plan and current tools for promoting new products were developed. The use of a comprehensive approach to the Internet marketing for the Krasnoyarsk territory agricultural enterprises will allow not only to increase sales and market share in the strategic perspective but also to popularize the regional brand; to improve its awareness and demand in foreign markets. To successfully use the Internet marketing tools, businesses must also create a positive image that inspires confidence in potential customers, paying attention to confirming the quality of products.