bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PET-CT Imaging of Extranodal Involvement In Non Hodgkin Lymphoma
Authors: Mohammed A M , Abdelghany A F , Soliman A H , Nassar A N A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Lymphoid neoplasms are broadly divided into Hodgkin disease (HD) and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL). Non-Hodgkin lymphoma accounts for about 5% of all cases of cancer with greater predilection to disseminate to extra-nodal sites. Extranodal lymphoma describes that there is neoplastic proliferation at sites other than the expected native lymph nodes or lymphoid tissue. Lymphomas that initially appear to have the bulk of the disease at extranodal sites are described as primary extranodal lymphoma and categorized as Stage I or II. In secondary extranodal lymphoma, there is secondary involvement of the extranodal sites from primary nodal disease, which is categorized as Stage III or IV.

Aim and Objectives
To assess the added value of hybrid Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in the evaluation of extranodal involvement in patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma in comparison to contrast-enhanced CT (CECT).

Patients and Methods
All patients had Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, proved by histopathological and immunophenotyping examinations. They underwent CECT and F-18 FDG PET–CT studies.

Results
This study included 76 patients with pathologically confirmed lymphoma who underwent PET/CT study. The patients' ages ranged between 20 and 78 years old (mean age 51 ± 14.7 years). This study included 51 males and 21 females. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma subtype had the highest prevalence 53% (40/76), whereas mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma was the least prevalent 4%. The Spleen was the most common site as it was involved in 20 patients followed by bone and bone marrow 15 patients, lung 13, Liver 9, Nasopharynx 4, Muscular and Cutaneous Nodules 4 patients each, CNS, Adrenal, Renal and Pleural Affection 3 patients each, Tonsillar, stomach, Pancreas and Prostate 2 patients each, and finally only one patient had salivary gland, thyroid, breast, and testicular involvement. The overall sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and accuracy of PET/CT and CECT are 97%, 20%, 94.5%, 33.3%, 91, 6 % and 87.3%, 60 %, 93.9%, 10% and 87.5%, respectively.

Conclusion
Combined PET/CT using 18F-FDG is the best oncologic imaging modality at present time with indispensable role and valuable application in monitoring and management of the extranodal lymphoma. It can detect metabolically active lesions without CT structural changes and identify a viable tumor in normal size lymph nodes. PET/CT is more effective than CECT in evaluating extranodal Lymphomatous infiltration, especially in spleen, bone, and bone marrow.
Role of Uterine Artery Embolization using Embolic Microspheres in Treatment of Uterine Fibroid
Authors: Bassiouny R H , Elshimy A M S , Tawfik B S 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Uterine Artery Embolization (UAE) is a well-established treatment of symptomatic fibroids with clinical efficacy comparable with traditional surgical treatment. UAE is now commonly proposed as an organ preserving treatment to the population of younger women willing to conceive. It has been proven, in a large cohort of women wishing to conceive before embolization, that complete pregnancies can occur after UAE

Objectives
The study aims to assess the effect of uterine artery embolization using the different types of embolic microspheres in treatment of patients with uterine fibroid.

Patients and Methods
Type of Study: prospective study. Study Setting: At the radiology department of Ain Shams University hospitals and Ain Shams University Specialized Hospitals. Study Period: 6-12 months.

Results
High symptom severity score indicates severe symptoms and a high HRQOL score indicates a good quality of life. The mean UFS questionnaire baseline score was 70± 11.51 prior to embolization and became 45± 9.34 three months following embolization which indicates a good symptomatic response to the microspheres embolization. The mean QOL baseline score was 65± 8.58 prior to embolization and 81± 6.48 three months following embolization.

Conclusion
UAE using embolic microsphere is , an effective, minimally invasive procedure and easily one day procedure which showed competitive promising and well proved results when compared to other modalities outcomes in treating uterine fibroids such as conventional surgery. It deserves our attention to it's value and efficacy for the sake of the patient as a minimally invasive procedure providing better quality of life , using Embosphere and Embozene microspheres have the same symptomatic effect and volume reduction after three months follow up in compare with using Embosphere alone or with spherical polyvinyl alcohol particles.
Changes in renal function indices in chronic hepatitis C patients treated with sofosbuvir/daclatasvir, with or without ribavirin
Authors: Ahmed A A , Abdelrahman G M , Salaheldin M , Elkassas M 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Hepatitis C virus HCV infection is one of the main causes of chronic liver disease worldwide, Egypt has the highest national-level HCV prevalence in the world, Sofosbuvir/Daclatasvir (SOF/DAC) regimen widely used to treat HCV infection in Egypt.

Aim of the Study
to assess changes in renal indices during and after HCV treatment in chronic hepatitis C patients treated with sofosbuvir/daclatasvir, with or without ribavirin with normal baseline creatinine

Methods
This study was a real life data analysis which recruited a number of “509” patients who received (SOF/DAC) regimen for 12 weeks with or without ribavirin in New Cairo viral Hepatitis Treatment Center, one of the NCCVH specialized centers. According to Supreme Council and NCCVH Hepatitis C Updated Treatment Protocol included patients received either: Sofosbuvir (400mg) + Daclatasvir (60mg) for 12weeks orSofosbuvir (400mg) + Daclatasvir (60mg) + Ribavirin for 12weeks.
All data for chronic HCV patients who treated with sofosbuvir /daclatasvir, with or without ribavirin with normal baseline creatinine and achieved SVR,were compared to assess changes in renal indices during and after HCV treatment

Results
At the end of treatment, the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) level was significantly decreased and the serum creatinine( Scr) levels were significantly increased compared with baseline levels (eGFR: 91.63 ± 26.41 vs 85.71 ± 24.86, P01 &lt; 0.001; Scr: .87 ± .20 vs.92 ± .22, P01 &lt; 0.001and no significant improvements were observed at 24 w post-treatment (eGFR: 89.65 ± 26.14vs 91.63 ± 26.41 ,P02 = 0.029; Scr: .89 ± .24. vs 87 ± .20, P02 = 0.020. Considering the difference in liver conditions, changes in renal function indices were compared between cirrhotic patients and non-cirrhotic patients. At the end of treatment, cirrhotic patients and non-cirrhotic patients had decreased eGFR levels and increased Scr levels at 24 w post-treatment, the eGFR and Scr levels were significantly improved in non-cirrhotic patients, while no obvious improvements were observed in cirrhotic patients.

Conclusion
Although DAAs are highly effective and well tolerated, at the end of treatment we found that: The eGFR level was significantly decreased and the Scr levels were significantly increased compared with baseline levels and no significant improvements were observed at 24 w post-treatment.Both Cirrhotic patients and non-cirrhotic patients had decreased eGFR levels and increased Scr levels at 24 w post-treatment but the eGFR and Scr levels were significantly improved in non-cirrhotic patients , while no obvious improvements were observed in cirrhotic patients.
Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio and Platelet Lymphocyte Ratio as Diagnostic and Prognostic Markers for Hepatitis C Virus – Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Egyptian Patients
Authors: Elgindy E M , Montasser I M F , Saad W E , Ghanem M A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a highly prevalent and lethal cancer, it is the sixth most common cancer and the third leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide.

Aim of the work
to evaluate the role of inflammatory markers Neutrophil lymphocyte ratio and Platelet lymphocyte ratio (NLR & PLR) as biomarkers for diagnosis of HCV related HCC.

Patients and Methods
this study was conducted in tropical medicine department, HCC clinic Ain-shams university hospitals. Our study included 174 candidates who were divided into three groups. Group A included 60 Patients with HCV-related HCC diagnosed according to American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD) guidelines; HCC patients were subdivided into three subgroups According to BCLC

Results
group A included 114 Patients with HCV-related HCC, which was subdivided into three subgroups according to BCLC. Group 1 included 30 patients underwent Radio-frequency ablation (RF), 76.67% of them were males while 23.33% were females with mean age 57.433. Group 2 included 41 patients underwent Trans-arterial chemo-embolization (TACE), 80.49% were males while 19.51% were females with mean age 60.268. Group 3 included 43 Patients with BCLC stage C and D For best supportive care, 76.74% were males while 23.26% were females with mean age 60.372. Male to female ratio in HCC patients was 3.56:1.

Conclusion
AFP remains the gold standard marker for diagnosis of HCC. NLR and PLR has no role as early prognostic markers for HCC.
The Effects of Hyaluronic Acid in Preventing Recurrence of Urethral Stricture after Visual Internal Urethrotomy
Authors: Hasan H H G , Tolba M K A , Shalaby M M M 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Many urologists prefer Visual internal urethrotomy (VIU)because of its ease to perform, short hospital stay, low cost, and perceived low complication rate. They may repeat VIU several times to avoid complex urethral reconstruction, because it requires significant surgical experience. Because of its effectiveness and simplicity, VIU is the primary treatment option for urethral stricture disease. However, the recurrence rate is high and the success rate is low.

Aim of the Work
To evaluate the effect of hyaluronic acid (HA) instillation during visual internal urethrotomy (VIU) for decreasing the incidence of recurrent urethral stricture.

Patients and Methods
A total of 50 patients who were treated by Visualized internal uretherotomy for urethral stricture between February 2017 and January 2019 were invited to participate in the present study. This study is a multicenter,prospective, randomized controlled, single-blinded study.

Results
In this study the experimental group had a better voiding symptoms than the control group six months after the surgery,The present study showed that the instillation of hyaluronic acid into the urethra during visualized internal urethrotomy didn’t significantly reduced the recurrence of urethral stricture after the operation although the number of patients who had recurrence after hyaluronic acid instillation were less than recurrence rate in the control group. The hyaluronic acid had no observed side effects and helped to improve the pain and quality of life after the surgery.

Conclusion
The instillation of hyaluronic into the urethra during VIU reduced postoperative pain and improved voiding symptoms in the study group , but it didn’t significantly reduce the recurrence of urethral stricture after the operation. we suggest that a large-scale, randomized controlled trial be conducted in a larger number of patients with long-term follow-up .
Retroperitoneal versus Transperitoneal Laparoscopic approach for Management of Upper Ureteric Stones
Authors: Maged W A , Tolba M K A , Elfiky M E E 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Current options for ureteral stones include medical treatment, extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (SWL), and various endoscopic procedures, with the standard open ureterolithotomy being less frequently practiced nowadays. The use of laparoscopy in the management of ureteral stones was one of the earliest applications of laparoscopy in urology, the first report being made by Wickham in 1979.

Objective
To compare the laparoscopic Retroperitoneal ureterolithotomy with the Laparoscopic Transperitoneal ureterolithotomy as a better alternative to conventional open surgery to extract a large, impacted and hard stones at the proximal two thirds of the ureter.

Methods
In this study we present our experience with laparoscopic ureterolithotomy comparing both transperitoneal approach and retroperitoneal approach through a retrospective randomized comparative study that conducted on 50 patients admitted through the outpatient clinic of Urology in Ain shams University Hospitals and Nasser institute hospital. The 50 patients divided into two groups each one was 25 patients, first group was performed by the laparoscopic transperitoneal approach and the other group by the laparoscopic retroperitoneal approach Between October 2017 and October 2018.

Results
This study revealed that the length of the Hospitalization period and the duration of drainage and urethral catheter were shorter in the transperitoneal approach than in the retroperitoneal approach with statistical significance between the groups. In the present study, the mean time to oral intake was significantly shorter in the Retroperitoneal group than in the Transperitoneal group. This is due to the mobilization of the colon, dissection and retraction of the viscera, and blood and urine leak in the peritoneal cavity, causing intestinal movements and sounds to be more delayed in the LTU group. In contrast, the lost blood during the retroperitoneal procedure does not come into contact with the bowel, and if urine leakage occurs, it would be contained within the retroperitoneal space. Also we find that both approaches are safe with few complications that were significantly wider at the transperitoneal group; vascular injury didn’t occur at any of the cases with no need for blood transfusion.

Conclusion
Through our study we concluded that Laparoscopic ureterolithotomy is technically feasible and safe and both of its two approaches either transperitoneal or retroperitoneal are successful procedures with a success rate nearly the same in both techniques, but and based on our results through this study, we recommend the retroperitoneal approach for laparoscpic extraction of the ureteral stones due to the fact that it has the least operative time than the transperitoneal approach, getting rid of the all stone burden, lower rate of complications and a better postoperative recovery.
Comparative Efficacy and Safety of a Fixed-Dose Combination Therapy of Tamsulosin and Tadalafil versus Tadalafil alone for BPH Patients with Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms and Erectile Dysfunction
Authors: Shoeib M S , Elsaeed K O , Ebeid A H I H 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a disorder histologically characterized as the nonmalignant hyperplasia of prostatic cells. Most of patients with benign prostate hyperplasia present with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS).

Aim of the Study
to assess the efficacy and safety of fixed-dose combinations therapy of Tamsulosin & Tadalafil versus Tadalafil alone in treatment for BPH patient with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and erectile dysfunction (ED).

Patients and Methods
this is a randomized controlled clinical study at Urology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University (El Demerdash Hospital) & Damanhour National Institute Hospital from 1-1-2018 till 1-9-2018. It concluded men of 45 years old or older with a history of LUTS secondary to BPH of at least 6 months were eligible for this study. Patients agreed not to use BPH medications during the research other than the study medications.

Results
the study showed that the fixed-dose combinations of Tamsulosin and Tadalafil significantly improve IPSS score and Qmax more than with Tadalafil 5 mg/day alone. Furthermore, PVRU significantly decreased with the fixed-dose combinations of Tamsulosin and Tadalafil more than with Tadalafil alone. Fixed-dose combinations of Tamsulosin 0.4 mg plus Tadalafil 5 mg were determined to be safe, efficacious, and well tolerated in the subjects investigated, which suggests the new fixed-dose combinations therapy can offer clinically relevant benefits for patients with LUTS complaints and desiring amelioration for comorbid ED complaints.

Conclusion
the study shows that the fixed- dose combination of Tamsulosin 0.4 mg/day and Tadalafil 5 mg/day are significantly superior to Tadalafil 5 mg/day alone for the treatment of BPH patients with LUTS and non-inferiority in treatment of ED Without showing any clinically significant safety issues, supporting favorable benefit-risk balance of the fixed-dose combinations of therapy for the treatment of BPH patients with LUTS and ED because of its synergistic effects, well toleration and its safety.
Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery (RIRS) vs Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL) in Treatment of Lower Pole Renal Stone
Authors: Ragy S I , Elshorbagy A A , Alzqzouq M A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Objective
Compare the outcomes of RIRS and PCNL for the treatment of 1 to 2 cm lower calyceal renal calculi regarding the stone free rate, operative time, fluoroscopy time, hospital stay and complication rate.

Materials and Methods
Patients with a single lower calyceal stone with an evidence of a CT diameter between 1 and 2 cm were enrolled in this randomized study. Patients were randomized into two groups: group 1: underwent RIRS (20pts); group 2: underwent PCNL (20 pts). Patients were evaluated with KUB and CT after one month.

Results
Mean fluoroscopy times and Hospital stay were significantly greater in the PCNL group than in RIRS group, In the RIRS group, the stone-free rate was 85% (17/20 patients); this rate increased to 95% after a second intervention. After a single PCNL procedure, 19 of 20 (95%) patients were completely stone free and For complications, there were minimal differences in both procedures, except for hemorrhage three patients who were treated with PCNL need blood transfusion

Conclusions
PCNL and RIRS are safe and effective methods for medium-sized LP calculi. For selected patients, RIRS may represent an alternative therapy to PCNL, with acceptable efficacy and low morbidity., RIRS compared to PCNL offers the best outcome in terms of radiation exposure and hospital stay.
Prostatic Artery Embolization (The PErFecTED Technique) versus TURP for treating Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)
Authors: Samir Y R , Aboghareeb M E , Radwan A I 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a prevalent issue in aging men and transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) still represents the gold standard of surgical treatment. Recently, prostatic artery embolization (PAE) was described as a new less invasive treatment alternative. Some modifications are being made to the technique presenting “The PErFecTED Technique” in order to propose better results to PAE and studies are needed to compare this novel technique to the gold standard TURP.

Aim of the Study
To compare results, safety and outcome of PAE (the PErFecTED Technique) and Bipolar TURP versus Monopolar TURP for treating LUTS due to BPH in aging males

Methods/Design
This is a single-centre, prospective, randomized, trial comparing treatment effects and adverse events among PErFecTED PAE, Bipolar TURP and Monopolar TURP in a tertiary referral centre. 60 patients who are electable for the three treatment options are randomized to a one of them. Immediate postoperative follow up of Na+ and Haemoglobin are assessed just postoperatively. 6 months later, Changes of the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and Quality Of Life (QOL) Changes in uroflowmetry, prostate size, post-void residual urine.

Discussion
The aim of the study is to compare results, safety and outcome of PAE (the PErFecTED Technique), Bipolar TURP and Monopolar TURP for treating LUTS due to BPH in aging males.

Conclusion
PErFecTED PAE may represent a good treatment option in highly selective patients, those who are complaining of LUTS due to BPH, yet they are unfit for surgery or where undergoing surgery is very risky. There is little to be lost by trying PErFecTED PAE, as it is safe, with minimal complications and a modest failure rate. Whilst it may not be a true replacement for TURP.
Early Serum Sodium Changes in Elderly Patients with Nocturia Receiving Desmopressin
Authors: Mourad M S , Abuelnaga M A , Satour A M 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
In spite of its prevalence underestimated, nocturia is in fact an extremely common condition that has considerable impact on quality of life and health outcomes, especially in the elderly. It can be caused by a variety of factors; the pathogenesis of nocturia is complex and sometimes multifactorial, involving several organ systems.

Aim of the Work
The aim of this study is to determine early serum sodium changes in elderly patients with nocturia receiving Desmopressin.

Patients and Methods
This prospective cohort design study was conducted on 28 patients aging 55 years or more complaining of nocturia and receiving desmopressin at Ain shams university hospitals starting From February 2018 till July 2018.

Results
Desmopressin caused a significant reduction in nocturnal urine volume, nocturnal polyuria index (NPI), number of nocturnal voids and delay in the time of first void with a statistically insignificant drop in sodium level (2%) among males and a statistically significant drop in sodium level (3.1%) among females with infrequent side effects e.g., hyponatremia (7.14%) and headache (10.7%) that occurred after one week from treatment initiation.

Conclusion
The incidence of hyponatraemia can be reduced by using minimum effective dose of desmopressin. A sodium monitoring plan must be proposed with baseline sodium must be ≥ 135 mmol/L (especially in elderly), with additional monitoring at week 2,3 and 4 for those at high risk of developing hyponatremia specially those aged ≥ 65 years or receiving concomitant medication inducing hyponatraemia. This monitoring plan can help to prevent some high risk patients from developing hyponatraemia.