bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Liquid chromatography as candidate reference method for the determination of vitamins A and E in human serum
Authors: Pan Qingqing , Shen Min , Yu Ting , Yang Xiaodong , Li Quanle , Zhao Beibei , Zou Jihua , Zhang Man 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundOwing to the increasing interest in public health research of antioxidant micronutrients and the inaccuracy of routine serum concentrations of the fat‐soluble vitamins A (retinol) and E (DL‐α‐tocopherol) measurements, we developed a reliable, highly sensitive, robust and rapid method for the quantification of two clinically important lipophilic antioxidants in serum using a reverse‐phase HPLC/DAD method.MethodSample preparation and analytical conditions that would affect extraction efficiency and quantitative results of vitamins A and E were investigated and optimized. Vitamins A and E were extracted from serum via liquid‐liquid extraction (LLE). After adequate sample preparation, the samples were injected directly into the HPLC system with diode‐array detector (DAD). Chromatographic separation was completed in 7 minutes for vitamins A and E. With vitamin A acetate and vitamin E acetate as internal standards, the method was applied to the measurement of vitamins A and E in human serum.ResultsWe evaluated method linearity, accuracy (recovery rate and trueness), precision, carryover, limit of quantitation and limit of detection, and measurement uncertainty. The method was evaluated for trueness using NIST Standard Reference Material SRM 968f. The serum concentration of the studied compounds had a good linear relationship in the range of 0.05 ~ 3.0 μg/mL concentration (r ＝ 0.9998), with 0.0077 μg/mL detection limit and 0.025 μg/mL quantitative limit for vitamin A, respectively, and 1.0 ~ 60.0 μg/mL concentration (r ＝ 0.9999), with 0.40 μg/mL detection limit and 0.50 μg/mL quantitative limit for vitamin E, respectively. The intra‐ and inter‐assay coefficients of variation were calculated by using three concentrations (1, 2, and 3) of the studied compounds in human serum samples. Intra‐assay and inter‐assay precision were 1.23%‐4.97% and 0.97%‐3.79% for vitamin A, respectively, and 0.64%‐4.07% and 0.81%‐5.96% for vitamin E, respectively. The average recovery rates were 100.98% for vitamin A, and 99.21% for vitamin E, respectively. The carryover rate of vitamins A and E was below 1%. As for the evaluation of accuracy, the biases were <± 5% by comparing with NIST standard reference material SRM 968f.ConclusionThe method is a simple sample treatment procedure for the determination of fat‐soluble vitamins A and E in human serum with high sensitivity and specificity. The proposed method could be recommended as a candidate reference method for the determination of serum concentrations of the fat‐soluble vitamins A and E in human serum.
The performance of the chemiluminescent immunoassay for measuring serum myeloperoxidase and proteinase 3 antibodies
Authors: Hou Xiuzhu , Liu Jing , Wang Tiancheng , Zhou Jiansuo , Cui Liyan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundEnzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) has traditionally been used to detect myeloperoxidase (MPO) and proteinase 3 (PR3) antibodies, although it is time‐consuming and physically demanding. As a novel and highly effective immunoassay, we compared chemiluminescent immunoassay (CIA) with ELISA to verify the application value of CIA in MPO and PR3 antibodies detection.MethodsBy ELISA and CIA, serum levels of anti‐MPO and anti‐PR3 antibodies were measured in 63 anti‐neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)‐associated vasculitis (AAV) patients (AAV group), including 47 microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) patients and 16 granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) patients, in addition, 68 patients in interference control group (IC group), 19 healthy subjects in healthy control group (HC group). We compared MPO and PR3 antibodies levels and positive rates measured by these two methods among groups. Relationship and coincidence rate between ELISA and CIA were investigated. Diagnostic values for clinical outcomes for MPO and PR3 antibodies were assessed by receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve.ResultsIn AAV patients, when detecting anti‐MPO (r = .90) and anti‐PR3 (r = .81), CIA was highly correlated with ELISA, companying with highly total (88.89%, 92.06%, respectively) and positive coincidence rates (84.78%, 77.27%, respectively). In HC group, anti‐PR3 positive rate detected by both immunoassay were 0, anti‐MPO almost were 0, which without statistically significant difference (P = .32). In IC group, the total (76.47%, 58.82, respectively) and positive coincidence rates (48.38%, 30.00%, respectively) of anti‐MPO and anti‐PR3 were the lowest, but the negative coincidence rates reached 100%. By CIA, similar to ELISA, the levels of anti‐MPO were significantly higher both in AAV patients (56.00; [4.40‐235.30]) and MPA patients (98.00; [27.90‐324.70]) compared with either IC group (3.20; [3.20‐18.55) (P < .0001) or HC group (3.20; [3.20‐3.20]) (P < .0001), yielded an area under curve (AUC) of 0.76 for AAV and 0.89 for MPA, the concentration of anti‐PR3 in GPA group (66.65; [24.43‐150.00]) was significantly higher than that in IC group (2.3; [2.3‐10.95]) (P < .0001) and HC group (2.3; [2.3‐2.3]) (P < .0001), with an AUC of 0.92.ConclusionSimilar to ELISA, CIA was competent to detect MPO and PR3 antibodies in AAV patients and healthy population, thus distinguish AAV patients from IC group and HC group and effectively diagnose MPA and GPA.
Sorting nexins: A novel promising therapy target for cancerous/neoplastic diseases
Authors: Yang Lu , Tan Weihua , Yang Xinzhi , You Yong , Wang Jing , Wen Gebo , Zhong Jing 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSorting nexins (SNXs) are a diverse group of cytoplasmic‐ and membrane‐associated phosphoinositide‐binding proteins containing the PX domain proteins. The function of SNX proteins in regulating intracellular protein trafficking consists of endocytosis, endosomal sorting, and endosomal signaling. Dysfunctions of SNX proteins are demonstrated to be involved in several cancerous/neoplastic diseases. Here, we review the accumulated evidence of the molecular structure and biological function of SNX proteins and discuss the regulatory role of SNX proteins in distinct cancerous/neoplastic diseases. SNX family proteins may be a valuable potential biomarker and therapeutic strategy for diagnostics and treatment of cancerous/neoplastic diseases.
Maintenance and differentiation of human ES cells on polyvinylidene fluoride scaffolds immobilized with a vitronectin‐derived peptide
Authors: Park Sang Eun , Yeon Gyu‐Bum , Goo Hui‐Gwan , Seo Dong Sik , Dayem Ahmed A. , Lee Kyung Eun , Park Hyun‐Mee , Cho Ssang‐Goo , Kim Dae‐Sung 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPolyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) is biocompatible, easy to fabricate, and has piezoelectric properties; it has been used for many biomedical applications including stem cell engineering. However, long‐term cultivation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and their differentiation toward cardiac lineages on PVDF have not been investigated. Herein, PVDF nanoscaled membrane scaffolds were fabricated by electrospinning; a vitronectin‐derived peptide‐mussel adhesive protein fusion (VNm) was immobilized on the scaffolds. hESCs cultured on the VNm‐coated PVDF scaffold (VNm–PVDF scaffold) were stably expanded for more than 10 passages while maintaining the expression of pluripotency markers and genomic integrity. Under cardiac differentiation conditions, hESCs on the VNm–PVDF scaffold generated more spontaneously beating colonies and showed the upregulation of cardiac‐related genes, compared with those cultured on Matrigel and VNm alone. Thus, VNm–PVDF scaffolds may be suitable for the long‐term culture of hESCs and their differentiation into cardiac cells, thus expanding their application in regenerative medicine.
Favorable prognostic phenotype in myelodysplastic syndrome with der(1;7)(q10;p10)
Authors: Horio Tomohiro , Enomoto Megumi , Watarai Masaya , Nakano Yuuta , Yamada Saki , Matsumura Saori , Kanasugi Jo , Takasugi Soichi , Nakamura Ayano , Uchino Kaori , Mizuno Shohei , Murakami Satsuki , Yamamoto Hidesuke , Hanamura Ichiro , Takami Akiyoshi 
Published: October 2020

AbstractUnbalanced translocation der(1;7)(q10;p10) is a characteristic chromosomal abnormality in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). The current study revealed that among 13 MDS patients with der(1;7)(q10;p10), seven cases with no apparent dysplasia also had low numbers of myeloblasts in the bone marrow and a 3‐year survival rate of 86%; in contrast, the remaining six cases had a 3‐year survival rate of 0% (P = .003). It was therefore suggested that MDS patients with der(1;7)(q10;p10) are classified into a distinct group with a favorable prognosis and another distinct group with a very poor prognosis.
Leksell Gamma Knife® – The first 1000 patients from the radiation therapist’s perspective
Authors: Jenkins Michael , Lusk Ryan , Foley Heath , Pinkham Mark B , Olson Sarah , Hall Bruce , McBean Angela , Jones Catherine , Foote Matthew 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe Princess Alexandra Hospital (PAH) Gamma Knife® Centre of Queensland (GKCoQ) began operations in October of 2015 as a sub‐specialty located within a larger radiation oncology service at PAH. It is uniquely positioned as the only Leksell Gamma Knife® (LGK) treatment unit available in the public hospital system in Australia, and the first and only service in Queensland. The GKCoQ treated the 1000th patient on 23 January 2019.LGK is a non‐invasive alternative to neurosurgery which uses radioactive cobalt sources to treat a variety of intracranial conditions ranging from tumours and metastases to functional disorders. It is a platform for stereotactic radiosurgery, a highly precise form of radiotherapy utilising very high doses to the target while maximally sparing surrounding normal brain. LGK enables patient planning and treatment to be done in one day as an outpatient procedure. This paper will outline our LGK service and provide insight into the expanded role that radiation therapists have within the multidisciplinary team required to deliver radiosurgery in a timely manner. The training programme and radiation licensing pathway that have been established for radiation therapists will also be described.
The role of low‐level circulation on water vapour transport to central and northern South America: Insights from a 2D Lagrangian approach
Authors: Morales José S. , Arias Paola A. , Martínez J. Alejandro , Durán‐Quesada Ana María 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe potential role of low‐level circulation on the transport of atmospheric moisture towards Central America and northern South America is studied with the Dynamical Recycling Model (DRM) for the period 1981–2015. The net 2D field for advection of moisture in the DRM is estimated based on two different approaches: from the Vertically Integrated Moisture Flux (VIMF) and from a linear combination of low‐level winds (Ueff). The relative importance of low‐level wind structures is inferred from the comparison of both DRM approaches. The Ueff approach yields larger long‐term estimates of transport from the Pacific compared to the VIMF approach, largely associated with the effect of the low‐level circulation over the eastern Pacific, known as the Choco Jet (CJ). Large differences in the transport estimated by both approaches also appear to be associated with different phases of El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO), when differences in the low‐level circulation take place over the eastern Pacific and the tropical Atlantic. Similar differences are found for anomalous activity of the CJ and the Caribbean Low‐level Jet (CLLJ). The differences in the magnitude of long‐term estimates and anomalies from both 2D approaches show that details in vertical wind shear are important for the estimation of water vapour transport. However, the sign of the anomalies and correlation patterns under different circulation regimes were the same for both methods. Furthermore, with both approaches, it is found that variability in the low‐level circulation over the eastern Pacific and the tropical Atlantic is substantially related to changes in the vapour transport towards Central America and northern South America. In addition, the robustness of this signal suggests that a simple 2D tool like the DRM may be effectively used to study transport changes under different regimes, like different ENSO phases or climate change scenarios.
Distinct impacts of two types of South Asian highs on East Asian summer rainfall
Authors: Xue Xu , Chen Wen , Chen Shangfeng , Sun Sisi , Hou Shuangshuang 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis paper analyses the different relationships between the two types of South Asian highs (SAH)—the southern mode of the SAH (SSAH) and the traditional SAH in its entirety (ESAH)—with respect to the variations in summer rainfall over East Asia. The ESAH is closely related to summer rainfall over northeastern China, whereas the SSAH is closely linked to summer rainfall over the Yangtze River valley, northern China, and Japan. Above‐normal rainfall tends to occur over northeastern China in strong ESAH years, whereas strong SSAH years tend to yield above‐normal rainfall over the Yangtze River valley and Japan together with below‐normal rainfall over northern China. The westerly jet and the western Pacific subtropical high (WPSH) shifts northward associated with a strengthened ESAH. The related anomalous southwesterly winds to the northwestern side of the WPSH transports abundant water vapour to northeastern China and leads to above‐normal rainfall there. In contrast, the westerly jet shifts southward and WPSH shifts southwestward to the South China Sea associated with a strengthened and southeastward‐shifted SSAH. Accordingly, a cyclonic anomaly appears over Northeast Asia and mid‐latitude western northern Pacific and an anticyclonic anomaly occurs over subtropical western North Pacific. The associated southwesterly wind anomalies over the Yangtze River valley and Japan contributes to above‐normal rainfall over these regions via transporting sufficient amount of water vapour. In addition, the anomalous northerly winds to the western flank of the cyclonic anomaly results in below‐normal rainfall over northern China via carrying drier air southward. Furthermore, the preceding winter ENSO events may play a more important role in the SSAH variation via modulating India Ocean SST.
Climate change impacts on heat stress in Brazil—Past, present, and future implications for occupational heat exposure
Authors: Bitencourt Daniel Pires , Muniz Alves Lincoln , Shibuya Elisa Kayo , de Ângelo da Cunha Irlon , Estevam de Souza João Paulo 
Published: October 2020

AbstractClimate change has caused an increased occurrence of heat waves. As a result of rising temperatures, implications for health and the environment have been more frequently reported. Outdoor labour activities deserve special attention, as is the case with agricultural and construction workers exposed to extreme weather conditions, including intense heat. This paper presents an overview of heat stress conditions in Brazil from 1961 to 2010. It also presents computer‐simulated projections of heat stress conditions up to the late 21st century. The proposed climate analysis drew on historical weather data obtained from national weather stations and on reanalysis data, in addition to future projections with the ETA (regarding the model's unique vertical coordinate) regional forecast model. The projections took into consideration two Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP)—the 4.5 and 8.5 climate scenarios, namely, moderate and high emissions scenarios, respectively. Heat stress was inferred based on the wet‐bulb globe temperature (WBGT) index. The results of this climate analysis show that Brazilian outdoor workers have been exposed to an increasing level of heat stress. These results suggest that future changes in the regional climate may increase the probability of heat stress situations in the next decades, with expectations of WBGT values greater than those observed in the baseline period (1961–1990). In terms of spatial distribution, the Brazilian western and northern regions experienced more critical heat stress conditions with higher WBGT values. As a response to the increased frequency trends of hot periods in tropical areas, urgent measures should be taken to review public policies in Brazil. Such policies should include actions towards better working conditions, technological development to improve outdoor labour activities, and employment legislation reviews to mitigate heat impacts on occupational health.
Influence of Hydrogen Bonding on Low Critical Micellar Concentration Value and Formation of Giant Vesicle of Triazole‐Contained Amphiphile
Authors: Zul Nurul Faiezin , Tajuddin Hairul Anuar , Ahmad Noraini , Zainal Abidin Zul Hazrin , Sadidarto Ahmad Bayhaki , Abdullah Zanariah 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAn amphiphile molecule consisting of triazole moiety has been thoroughly investigated using different approaches in its aqueous condition. The studies have discovered the explicit function of its heteroaromatic ability in molecular self‐assembling. From the fluorescence evidence, the triazole‐based amphiphile has shown that the aggregation‐induced emission behavior is mainly due to the triazolyl. It suggests that the triazole is directly involved in the self‐assembling mechanism through an intermolecular interaction. This interaction can be verified by the shifting of proton frequency of the triazole, which is clearly shown by the constant frequency of the proton above the critical micellar concentration (CMC) value. The frequency suggests the establishing hydrogen bond that occurred between the hydrogen and the second nitrogen of the adjacent triazole. These results are consistent with the micellization of the molecule which was determined at a very low CMC value (0.1 mM). The absorbance and optical polarizing microscopy results also support the evidence of the growth of giant vesicles produced from the neutralization of the amphiphile. The formation of stable giant vesicles at neutral pH demonstrates the immediate strong hydrogen bonding connections within the triazoles layer in the bilayer. The discovery reveals that internal hydrogen bonds formed from a heteroaromatic with the appropriate molecular arrangement can promote self‐aggregation and enhance overall stability.
Evaluation of Renal Microperfusion in Diabetic Patients With Kidney Injury by Contrast‐Enhanced Ultrasound
Authors: Wang Yiru , Li Nan , Tian Xiaoqi , Lin Lin , Liang Shuyuan , Zhao Ping , Dong Zheyi , Wang Qian , Li Qiuyang , Tang Jie , Luo Yukun 
Published: October 2020

ObjectivesTo conduct a quantitative analysis of renal microvascular perfusion in diabetic patients with kidney injury using contrast‐enhanced ultrasound (CEUS).MethodsA total of 172 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and kidney injury were recruited from May 2017 to November 2019. After collection of clinical characteristics, a CEUS examination was performed after injection of the contrast agent SonoVue (Bracco SpA, Milan, Italy). Time‐intensity curves and renal perfusion parameters were analyzed. Ultrasound‐guided renal biopsy was performed. The patients were divided into a diabetic nephropathy (DN) group and a nondiabetic renal disease (NDRD) group according to renal pathologic results. The discrimination of perfusion parameters between the groups was analyzed statistically with SPSS version 19.0 software (IBM Corporation, Armonk, NY). Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to illustrate the diagnostic performance of indicators.ResultsNinety‐eight patients, including 45 with DN (29 male; mean age ± SD, 57.76 ± 10.47 years) and 53 with NDRD (40 male; mean age, 48.7 ± 13.88 years) were included in this study. The peak enhancement (PE), wash‐in the area under the curve (AUC), wash‐in rate, wash‐in perfusion index, wash‐out AUC, wash‐in and wash‐out AUC, and wash‐out rate were significantly different between the groups (P < .05). There were no differences in time‐related parameters between the DN and NDRD groups (P > .05). The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the AUC for PE was 0.727, and PE lower than 7712.426 had diagnostic potential, with sensitivity of 81% and specificity of 40% in discriminating between NDRD and DN.ConclusionsThe quantification of CEUS parameters can discriminate DN in diabetic patients with kidney injury. The PE and AUC may be feasible parameters.
Predicting atrazine concentrations in waterbodies across the contiguous United States: The importance of land use, hydrology, and water physicochemistry
Authors: Beaulieu Marieke , Cabana Hubert , Taranu Zofia , Huot Yannick 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAtrazine contamination is ubiquitous in North American surface waters, but the dependency of the herbicide's distribution on landscape and within‐lake processes is currently poorly known. We sought to identify novel predictors of atrazine and to build a coherent framework to model its concentration in waterbodies through the development of binomial‐gamma hurdle models and LASSO regression models. We constructed models for over 900 waterbodies in the contiguous United States using data from the 2012 U.S. EPA National Lake Assessment, the 2012 U.S. Department of Agriculture CropScape and the Global HydroLAB HydroLAKES databases. Atrazine was detected in 32% of U.S. waterbodies, with a mean concentration of 0.17 μg L−1when detected. The two‐part hurdle model explained as much as 75% of the variance in atrazine across a spatially and temporally heterogeneous landscape. Three predictors explained 31% of the variability in atrazine detection in U.S. waterbodies, where the proportion of corn + soy cultures in the watershed was the most important variable. Once atrazine was detected, our models explained an additional 29% of the variability in atrazine concentrations, where the estimated areal weight of atrazine application (kg atrazine km2) in the watershed was the most important predictor. Spatially, water quality variables associated with eutrophication were linked to increased levels of atrazine contamination while cooler water temperatures and natural lakes and landscapes were associated with decreased levels of contamination. Our results suggest that changes in land‐use practices may be the most effective way to mitigate atrazine contamination in waterbodies.