bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rural context, single institution prospective outcomes after Enhance Recovery colorectal surgery protocol implementation
Authors: Smucker Levi , Victory Jennifer , Scribani Melissa , Oceguera Luis , Monzon Raul 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Rural hospitals face unique challenges to adopting Enhanced Recovery protocols after colorectal surgical procedures. There are few examples of successful implementation in the United States, and fewer yet of prospective, outcomes-based trials. Methods: This study drew data from elective bowel resection prospectively collected, retrospectively analyzed cases 2 years prior (n=214) and 3 years after (n=224) implementing an ERAS protocol at a small, rural health network in upstate New York. Primary outcomes were cost, length-of-stay, readmission rate, and complications. Results: The implementation required changes and buy-in at multiple levels of the institution. There was a statistically significant reduction in mean length of stay (6.9 versus 5.1 days) and per-patient savings to hospital ($3000) after implementation of ERAS protocol. There was no significant change in rate of 30-day readmissions or complications. Conclusions: The authors conclude that for rural-specific barriers to implementation of Enhanced Recovery protocols, there are also specific organizational strategies that can ultimately yield sustainable endpoints.
Loeffler’s endocarditis and possible coronary spasm secondary to eosinophilic coronary periarteritis with ECG change mimicking acute non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: A case report
Authors: Kong Fan-xin , Li Meng , Ma Chun-Yan , Meng Ping-ping , Wang Yong-huai , Li Guang-yuan , Yang Jun 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Loeffler’s endocarditis is an inflammatory cardiac condition of hypereosinophilic syndrome which rarely involves coronary artery. When coronary artery is involved, known as eosinophilic coronary periarteritis, the clinical presentation, electrocardiographic changes and troponin level are extremely nonspecific and may mimic acute coronary syndrome. It is very important to make differential diagnosis for ECPA in order to avoid the unnecessary further invasive coronary angiography. Case presentation We report a case with chest pain, ST-segment depression in electrocardiogram and increased troponin-I mimicking acute non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. However, quick echocardiography showed endomyocardial thickening with normal regional wall motion, which corresponded to the characteristics of Loeffler’s endocarditis. Emergent blood analysis showed marked increase in eosinophils and computed tomography angiography found no significant stenosis of coronary artery. Manifestations of magnetic resonance imaging consisted with findings of echocardiography. Finally, the patient was diagnosed as Loeffler’s endocarditis and possible coronary spasm secondary to eosinophilic coronary periarteritis. Conclusion This case exhibits the crucial use of quick transthoracic echocardiography and the emergent hematological examination for differential diagnosis in such scenarios as often if electrocardiogram change mimicking myocardial infarction.
Hill-based dissimilarity indices and null models for analysis of microbial community assembly
Authors: Modin Oskar , Liébana Raquel , Sabeh-Alam Soroush , Wilén Britt-Marie , Suarez Carolina , Hermansson Malte , Persson Frank 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: High-throughput amplicon sequencing of marker genes, such as the 16S rRNA gene in Bacteria and Archaea, provides a wealth of information about the composition of microbial communities. To quantify differences between samples and draw conclusions about factors affecting community assembly, dissimilarity indices are typically used. However, results are subject to several biases and data interpretation can be challenging. The Jaccard and Bray-Curtis indices, which are often used to quantify taxonomic dissimilarity, are not necessarily the most logical choices. Instead, we argue that Hill-based indices, which make it possible to systematically investigate the impact of relative abundance on dissimilarity, should be used for robust analysis of data. In combination with a null model, mechanisms of microbial community assembly can be analyzed. Here, we also introduce a new software, qdiv, which enables rapid calculations of Hill-based dissimilarity indices in combination with null models.Results: Using amplicon sequencing data from two experimental systems, aerobic granular sludge (AGS) reactors and microbial fuel cells (MFC), we show that the choices of bioinformatics pipeline and dissimilarity index can have considerable impacts on results and conclusions. Analysis of the AGS data set showed that results are sensitive to bioinformatics choices when dissimilarities between sample groups are compared with incidence-based indices. Analysis of the MFC data set with a combination of Hill-based indices and a null model revealed that random dispersal could explain the distribution of both rare and highly abundant taxa within a glucose-fed MFC whereas the distribution of taxa of intermediate relative abundance was governed by heterogeneous selection.Conclusions: Hill-based indices provides a rational framework for analysis of dissimilarity between microbial community samples. In combination with a null model, the effects of deterministic and stochastic factors on taxa of low-, intermediate-, and high relative abundance during microbial community assembly can be systematically investigated. Calculations of Hill-based dissimilarity indices in combination with a null model can be done in qdiv, which is freely available as a Python package (https://github.com/omvatten/qdiv).
Recognizing and stabilizing miR-21 by chiral ruthenium(II) complexes
Authors: Feng Yin , Shu Jing , Yao Liangzhong , Lan Yutao , Ye Lianbao , Mei Wenjie , Ding Ying 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
MiR-21, a non-coding miRNA with 22 nucleotides, plays an important part in the proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of tumor cells. The present study demonstrates that isomers of chiral ruthenium(II) complexes with alkynes (Λ-1 and Δ-1) were synthesized by Songogashira coupling reaction by using microwave-assisted synthetic technology. The isomers can recognize and stabilize miR-21, with the Λ-isomer showing a stronger binding capacity than the Δ-isomer. Further studies showed that both isomers can be uptaken by MDA-MB-231 cells and enriched in the nucleus. Treatment with the Λ-/Δ-isomer downregulated the expression of miR-21. In a word, the development of chiral ruthenium(II) complexes act as potential inhibitors against tumor cells by recognizing, stabilizing, and regulating the expression of miR-21.
AKT/FOXO1 axis links cross-talking of endothelial cell and pericyte in TIE2-mutated venous malformations
Authors: Jiang Hongbing , Si Yameng , Huang Jiadong , Li Xiang , Fu Yu , Xu Rongyao , Du Yifei , Cheng Jie 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Venous malformations (VMs), most of which associated with activating mutations in the endothelial cells (ECs) tyrosine kinase receptor TIE2, are characterized by dilated and immature veins with scarce smooth muscle cells (SMCs) coverage. However, the underlying mechanism of interaction between ECs and SMCs responsible for VMs has not been fully understood. Methods : Here, we screened 5 patients with TIE2-L914F mutation who were diagnosed with VMs by SNP sequencing, and we compared the expression of platelet-derived growth factor beta (PDGFB) and α-SMA in TIE2 mutant veins and normal veins by immunohistochemistry. In vitro, we generated TIE2-L914F-expressing human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and performed BrdU, CCK-8, transwell and tube formation experiments on none-transfected and transfected ECs. Then we investigated the effects of rapamycin (RAPA) on cellular characteristics. Next we established a co-culture system and investigated the role of AKT/FOXO1/PDGFB in regulating cross-talking of mutant ECs and SMCs. Results: VMs with TIE2-L914F mutation showed lower expression of PDGFB and α-SMA than normal veins. TIE2 mutant ECs revealed enhanced cell viability and motility, and decreased tube formation, whereas these phenotypes could be reversed by rapamycin. Mechanistically, RAPA ameliorated the physiological function of mutant ECs by inhibiting AKT-mTOR pathway, but also facilitated the nuclear location of FOXO1 and the expression of PDGFB in mutant ECs, and then improved paracrine interactions between ECs and SMCs. Moreover, TIE2 mutant ECs strongly accelerated the transition of SMCs from contractile phenotype to synthetic phenotype, whereas RAPA could prevent the phenotype transition of SMCs. Conclusions: Our data demonstrate a previously unknown mechanistic linkage of AKT-mTOR/FOXO1 pathway between mutant ECs and SMCs in modulating venous dysmorphogenesis, and AKT/FOXO1 axis might be a potential therapeutic target for the recovery of TIE2-mutation causing VMs.
Disparity in availability of laboratory testing for syphilis among different hospitals in Shandong province, eastern China
Authors: Chen Xinlong , Chu Tongsheng , Gan Yanling , Li Furong , Chang Degui , Mi Xiongfei , Chen Qiu , Chen Liping , Liu Dianchang 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Availability of laboratory testing is the prerequisite for early diagnosis of syphilis. This study aimed to understand the availability of laboratory testing for syphilis among different hospitals in Shandong province. Methods Basic information on hospitals provided clinical health service for sexually transmitted infections in Shandong province and type of laboratory tests for syphilis provided was collected and analyzed using Chi-square test. Results A total of 410 and 456 hospitals provided sexually transmitted infection (STI) clinical services were surveyed in 2012 and 2018, respectively. Significant differences in the availability of nontreponemal tests were observed among hospitals with different levels (X 2 =6.624, p=0.010) and types (X 2 =17.752, p=0.001) in 2012 but not in 2018. A significant difference in the availability of treponemal tests was observed at different levels in 2012 (X 2 =9.937, p=0.002) but not in 2018. Significant differences in the availability of nontreponemal tests, titre of nontreponemal tests, and treponemal tests were observed among hospitals with different affiliations in 2018 (p=0.000; X 2 =15.274, p=0.000; p=0.021) but not in 2012. The availability of both nontreponemal test and treponemal test for syphilis among hospitals in 2018 was higher than that in 2012 (90.13% vs. 57.56%, X 2 =121.219, p=0.000). Conclusions Further efforts are needed to reduce the disparity in availability of laboratory testing for syphilis among different hospitals in China.
What makes advocacy work? Stakeholders’ voices and insights from prioritisation of Maternal and Child Health programme in Nigeria
Authors: Uzochukwu Benjamin , Onyedinma Chioma , Okeke Chinyere , Onwujekwe Obinna , Manzano Ana , Ebenso Bassey , Etiaba Enyi , Ezumah Nkoli , Mirzoev Tolib 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: The Nigerian government introduced and implemented health programmes to improve maternal and child health (MCH) called Subsidy Reinvestment and Empowerment programme for MCH (SURE-P/MCH). It ran from 2012 and ended abruptly in 2015 and was followed by increased advocacy for sustaining the MCH as a policy priority. Advocacy is important in allowing social voice, facilitating prioritization and bringing different forces/actors together. Therefore, the study set out to unpack how advocacy works - through understanding what effective advocacy implementation processes comprise and what mechanisms are triggered by which contexts to produce the intended outcome Methods: The study used a Realist Evaluation through a mixed quantitative and qualitative methods case study approach. The advocacy programme theory (PT) was developed from the literature (three substantive social theories of power politics, media influence communication theory and the three-streams theory of agenda setting), data and programme design documentation. We report information from 22 key informant interviews at both National and sub-national levels and review of relevant documents on advocacy events post-SURE-P. Results: Key advocacy organizations and individuals including health professional groups, the media, civil society organizations, powerful individuals and policy makers were involved in advocacy activities. The nature of their engagement included organizing workshops, symposium, town hall meetings, individual meetings, press conferences, demonstrations, and engagements with media. Effective advocacy mechanism involves alliance brokering to increase influence, the media supporting and engaging in advocacy, and use of champions, influencers and spouses (Leadership and Elite Gendered Power Dynamics). The key contextual influences which determined the effectiveness of advocacy measures for MCH include the political cycle, availability of evidence on the issue, networking with powerful and interested champions and alliance building in advocacy. All these enhanced the entrenchment of MCH on the political and financial agenda Conclusions: Advocacy is a useful tool to bring together different forces through allowing expression of voices and ensuring accountability. In the context of poor health outcomes, interest from policymakers and politicians in MCH, combined with advocacy from key policy actors and stakeholders armed with evidence, can lead to prioritization and sustained implementation of MCH services within the context of UHC
Improvements in Fatigue at Higher Achieved Hemoglobin Levels Among Chronic Kidney Disease Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Guedes Murilo , Guetter Camila R. , Erbano Lucas HO , Palone Andre G. , Zee Jarcy , Robinson Bruce M. , Pisoni Ronald L. , Moraes Thyago P. , Pecoits-Filho Roberto , Baena Cristina P. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: The impact anemia treatment with erythropoietin stimulating agents (ESA) on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients is controversial, particularly regarding optimal hemoglobin (Hb) target ranges.Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies and randomized controlled trials (RCT) with ESA to estimate the effect of different Hb ranges on physical HRQOL and functionality. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, CENTRAL, PEDro, PsycINFO and Web of Science databases, until May 2019Two authors independently extracted data from studies.We included observational and RCTs that enrolled CKD patients undergoing anemia treatment with ESA with different achieved Hb levels among groups. We excluded studies with achieved Hb < 9 g/dL. For the meta-analysis, we included RCTs with control groups achieving Hb 10-11.5 g/dL and active groups with Hb >11.5 g/dL. We analyzed the standardized mean difference (SMD) between groups for physical HRQOL.Results: Among 8,171 studies, fifteen RCTs and five observational studies were included for the systematic review. We performed the meta-analysis in a subset of eleven eligible RCTs. For physical role and physical function, SMDs were 0.0875 [CI:-0.0025 – 0.178] and 0.08 [CI: -0.03 – 0.19], respectively. For fatigue, SMD was 0.16 [0.09 - 0.24]. Subgroup analysis showed that trials with greater achieved Hb had greater pooled effects sizes — 0.21 [0.07 - 0.36] for Hb > 13 g/dL vs. 0.09 [0.02 - 0.16] for Hb 11.5-13 g/dL. Proportion of older and long-term diabetic patients across studies were associated with lower effect sizes.Conclusion: Achieved hemoglobin higher than currently recommended targets is associated with small but clinically significant improvement in fatigue. Younger and non-diabetic patients may experience more pronounced benefits of higher Hb levels after treatment with ESAs.
Genetic basis for prediction of non-responders to dietary plant sterol intervention (GenePredict-PS): a study protocol for a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized two-period crossover study
Authors: Shamloo Maryam , Granger Matthew J , Trautwein Elke A , House James D , MacKay Dylan 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Functional food ingredients and natural health products have been demonstrated to reduce disease risk and thereby help to lower health care costs across populations at risk for chronic or degenerative diseases. However, typically a wide range of inter-individual variability exists in response across individuals to nutritional and natural health product bioactives, such as plant sterols (PS). This study aims to determine and utilize information on associations between genosets and the degree of responsiveness to dietary PS intervention, with a long-term objective of developing genetic tests to predict response to PS.
Methods: This clinical trial is designed as a double blind, placebo controlled, randomized two-period crossover study. 64 eligible participants with the specific a priori -determined single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with responsiveness to PS will consume PS or a placebo treatment for two 4-week periods. The PS treatment consists of two daily single portions of margarine, each providing1 g PS during the PS period (2.0 g/day of PS in total). The placebo will be an identical margarine containing no added PS. LDL-C responsiveness to controlled administration of PS will be investigated as the primary outcome and the associations between inter-individual genoset variabilities and response to PS consumption will be determined.
Discussion: This research will provide further insight into whether the associations between previously identified SNPs and the response of LDL-C to PS consumption can be used in a predictive manner. It will also provide insight into the complexities of undertaking a nutrigenetic trial with prospective recruitment based on genotype.
Trial registration: The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier: NCT02765516). Keywords: Plant sterols, Cholesterol, Genetic, SNPs, Prediction
Altering Bodies: Thinking of intervention through impersonation
Authors: Hadikoesoemo Niki 
Published: February 2020

This essay stages a philosophical dialogue between one of Plato’s earliest and shortest works, Ion, and Philippe Lacoue-Labarthe’s deconstructive reflections on Diderot’s paradox of the actor. It takes the rhapsodic practice of the ancient figure of Ion as a reference point for thinking about the performer’s intoxicating nature and investigates its philosophical, bodily and psychological implications as well as its critical potential. It will proceed in three stages. The first part takes a detailed look at the absolute focal point of Ion, namely the analogy between the rhapsode’s intoxication and the Heraclean lodestone. The second part addresses the ‘logic’ of the magnet specifically from Ion’s point of view, which entails a critique of Socrates’ assumption of Ion being ‘out of his wits’ when he performs. The final part shows, with the help of Lacoue-Labarthe’s radicalization of Diderot’s paradox – the actor is nothing and everything at the same time – how Ion’s intoxicating impersonations can be considered an imperative for catharsis and critical intervention.
Intervention as Intoxication!
Authors: Franzen Ricarda , Van Balen Sophie 
Published: February 2020

This guest edited journal issue follows on from the Performance Philosophy Biennial 2019 in Amsterdam. Featuring a wide range of research and contribution styles, reworked and elaborated further for this issue, contributors consider alternative ways of ‘intervening’. The central suggestion to rethink ‘intervention as intoxication’ resonates throughout all articles, highlighting the embodied, entangled, and aesthetic dimensions of intervention. Some of the contributors go on to consider intervention as subversion of institutions beyond the well-known discourse on institutional critique. In this editorial, in addition to introducing the authors, the editors and Biennial organizers characterize alternative ways of intervening in this issue as a search for humble ways of responding to socio-political issues and as a positioning of new knowledge(s). By way of opening, the editors recommend to consider listening as intervention, along the lines of Gemma Corradi Fiumara’s notion of ‘apprentices of listening’(1990, 57).
EGLLGDVF: A Novel Peptide from Green Mussel Perna viridis Foot Exerts Stability and Anti-inflammatory Effects on LPS-Stimulated RAW264.7 Cells
Authors: Joshi Ila , Nazeer Rasool Abdul 
Published: February 2020

Background:
Green mussel Perna viridis is a bivalve mollusc which is native to the
Indian coast and can be found in the Indo-Pacific as well as Asia-Pacific regions. This study
evaluates the P. viridis foot (PVF) as a source of an anti-inflammatory peptide.

Objective:
To characterize and evaluate the possibility of pro-inflammatory cytokines, nitric oxide
(NO) as well as cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 reduction in RAW264.7 cells and to analyze functional
aspects of the derived peptide from PVF.

Materials and Methods:
The PVF was hydrolysed with different enzymes and the antiinflammatory
activity of hour hydrolysates were evaluated using HRBC Membrane Stabilization
(HMS) against hypotonicity induced haemolysis and Albumin Denaturation (AD) inhibition from
induced heat assays. Later, the active hour hydrolysate was separated by ultrafiltration and purified
using Size-Exclusion Chromatography (SEC). Further, the purified peptide’s sequence was
identified using LC-MS/MS and functional properties were determined. Also, the peptide was
observed for its anti-inflammatory effects in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells
for pro-inflammatory cytokines, NO production and COX-2 activation.

Results:
Among the four enzymes 6th hour alcalase hydrolysate exhibited potent anti-inflammatory
activity and was sequentially fractioned with molecular weight cut-offs; further active fraction (30-
10 kDa) was purified. The active peak-II was identified as EGLLGDVF (849.435 Da) and exhibited
decent functional aspects. The peptide successfully reduced the production of pro-inflammatory
cytokines, NO and COX-2 activation; and down-regulated the iNOS and COX-2 protein expression
in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells.

Conclusion:
Our study indicates that EGLLGDVF derived from PVF has potential antiinflammatory
applications applicable in food and pharmaceutical industries.
Synaptic Correlates of Anterograde Amnesia and Intact Retrograde Memory in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Rizzello Emanuela , Middei Silvia , Marchetti Cristina 
Published: February 2020

Background:
Clinical evidence indicates that patients affected by Alzheimer's Disease (AD)
fail to form new memories although their memories for old events are intact. This amnesic pattern depends
on the selective vulnerability to AD-neurodegeneration of the hippocampus, the brain region that
sustains the formation of new memories, while cortical regions that store remote memories are spared.

Objective:
To identify the cellular mechanisms underlying impaired recent memories and intact remote
memories in a mouse model of AD.

Method:
Glutamatergic synaptic currents were recorded by patch-clamp in acute hippocampal and
anterior Cingulate Cortical (aCC) slices of AD-like Tg2576 mice and Wild-type (Wt) littermates subjected
to the Contextual Fear Conditioning (CFC) task or in naïve conditions.

Results:
Glutamatergic synaptic currents were recorded by patch-clamp in acute hippocampal and
anterior Cingulate Cortical (aCC) slices of AD-like Tg2576 mice and Wild-type (Wt) littermates subjected
to the Contextual Fear Conditioning (CFC) task or in naïve conditions.

Conclusion:
Our data suggest that in the early AD stages synaptic plasticity of CA1 synapses, crucial
to form new memories, is lost, while plasticity of aCC synapses is intact and contributes to the persistence
of long-term memories.