bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experience of endomyocardial biopsy from a tertiary care center in India
Authors: Nakra Tripti , Arava Sudheer , Seth Sandeep , Ojha Vineeta , Jagia Priya , Ray Ruma 
Published: December 2020

Background Endomyocardial biopsy is the gold standard and has a definite role in the surveillance of cardiac allograft rejection. Its role in other cardiac diseases is limited. However, it is required for conclusive diagnosis of a few entities in which it can influence patient management. There is no reported data regarding the utility of endomyocardial biopsy in the Indian population. Thus, this study was undertaken in a tertiary care center in India to assess the utility of endomyocardial biopsy in various cardiac diseases in the context of clinical diagnoses. Methods All endomyocardial biopsies conducted over a 27-year period were evaluated. Clinical details including indication for biopsy were collected. Histopathological findings were recorded and classified as definitive diagnosis, probable diagnosis with features consistent with the clinical diagnosis, and nonspecific morphological findings. Results A total of 927 endomyocardial biopsies from 719 patients were reviewed. Endomyocardial biopsy was diagnostic in 12.5% of native cardiac biopsies and 52.1% showed nondiagnostic findings. The most frequent diagnoses were amyloidosis (58.7%) and myocarditis (8.6%). Endomyocardial biopsy had a diagnostic role in evaluation of restrictive cardiac diseases. Endomyocardial fibrosis and tubercular myocarditis, relatively more prevalent in the Indian population, were also identified. Cases of rheumatic heart disease, desmin cardiomyopathy, and microfibrillar cardiomyopathy were surprise findings, proving the usefulness of endomyocardial biopsy in detecting some rare cardiac conditions. Conclusion Endomyocardial biopsy is an important tool for the diagnosis of specific cardiac diseases including some rare entities, and for conditions which are more prevalent in our country, requiring biopsy confirmation.
Relationships of interleukin-17 polymorphisms with recurrent aphthous ulcer risk in a Han Chinese population
Authors: Xiang Haidong , Cheng Dongmei , Guo Han , Wang Yan , Jia Zhiyu , Gao Qi 
Published: December 2020

Objective Interleukin (IL)-17 is a multifunctional cytokine with important roles in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. This case–control study explored the relationships of IL-17A rs2275913 and IL-17F rs763780 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with recurrent aphthous ulcer (RAU) morbidity and severity. Methods IL-17A rs2275913 and IL-17F rs763780 SNPs were measured in 125 patients with RAU and 116 healthy control participants. The genotype distributions, disease risks, and relationships with RAU severity were analyzed. Results RAU risk was associated with rs2275913 after adjustment for age, body mass index, sex, smoking status, and drinking status (AA vs. GG: odds ratio [OR], 2.759; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.381–5.512; A allele vs. G allele: OR, 1.783; 95% CI, 1.242–2.560). TC and CC genotypes in rs763780, and the corresponding C allele, demonstrated greater prevalence among patients with RAU, compared with the TT genotype (TC vs. TT, OR: 1.895; 95% CI: 1.088–3.301; CC vs. TT, OR: 4.080, 95% CI: 1.079–15.425; C allele vs. T allele, OR: 1.969, 95% CI: 1.257–3.083). Serum IL-17 concentrations were also higher in patients with RAU than in control participants. These concentrations were associated with IL-17 polymorphisms. Conclusions IL-17 polymorphisms might be associated with greater risk of RAU pathogenesis.
Diet Quality Is Lower for Those Who Skip Lunch Among a Sample of Predominantly Black Adolescents
Authors: Spruance Lori Andersen , Clason Spencer , Burton Jordyn Hansen , Myers Leann , O’Malley Keelia , Johnson Carolyn C. 
Published: December 2020

Purpose: To compare the dietary quality among adolescents who skip lunch and those who do not and explore associations between school-level variables, demographic variables and lunch skipping. Design: Cross-sectional Setting: Public schools in New Orleans, Louisiana (n = 21) Participants: 718 adolescents Methods: Adolescents participated in a 24-hour dietary recall using the Automated Self-Administered 24-Hour (ASA24) Dietary Assessment Tool early in 2013. Data were converted into Healthy Eating Index (HEI-2010) scores. Mean scores were compared between students who skipped lunch and those who did not. A multilevel analysis was conducted to assess relationships between school environment, demographics, and lunch skipping. Results: Of the 718 respondents, 88.3% were Black and 15.3% skipped lunch. Students who ate lunch had a mean HEI score of 46.6 compared to a mean score of 41.7 for students who skipped lunch (p < .001). Students who skipped lunch also had significantly lower intake of total vegetables (p = .02), whole fruits (p < .001), total dairy (p = .003), total protein (p < .001). Conclusions: Skipping lunch was associated with lower quality diet, though diet quality was low among all students. Considering over 15% of the sample did not eat lunch in a closed-campus school setting, further research should consider how to encourage students to participate in the National School Lunch Program, which has the ability to increase diet quality in adolescents.
Factors Associated With Breastfeeding Very Low Birth Weight Infants at Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Discharge: A Single-Center Brazilian Experience
Authors: Oliveira Mariana González de , Valle Volkmer Desirée de Freitas 
Published: December 2020

Background The mothers of very low birth weight infants face many challenges to achieve breastfeeding at hospital discharge, especially during long stays. Research aim The aim of this study was to describe the incidence and factors associated with breastfeeding rates (exclusive or with formula) at discharge, for very low birth weight infants, in a private Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in southern Brazil. Methods We conducted a prospective longitudinal cohort study of infants ( N = 335) with very low birth weight and/or less than 30 weeks gestational age, who survived to discharge and had no contraindication to mother’s own milk. Participants were initially divided into three groups (exclusive breastfeeding, some breastfeeding, and no breastfeeding) based on their feedings at discharge; however, later, two groups were analyzed (any breastfeeding, no breastfeeding). Results Most (93.4%; n = 313) were breastfeeding directly at least once daily at discharge, of which 16.1% ( n = 54) were receiving exclusive mother’s milk and 77.3% ( n = 259) mixed feeding (mother’s milk and formula). Breastfeeding at discharge was associated with gestational age ≥ 28 weeks, higher birth weight, not developing neonatal sepsis or bronchopulmonary dysplasia during the hospital stay, shorter lengths of stay, and lower weight at discharge. After Poisson regression, breastfeeding at discharge was associated only with a shorter length of stay (RR 0.98; CI 95% [0.95, 0.99], p < .05). Conclusions In our single unit experience in Brazil, most infants were breastfeeding at discharge. NICU staff might address mothers of infants who have prolonged hospitalization with specific strategies. Mothers and infants at risk can be identified early and personalized interventions can be developed for improving breastfeeding rates at discharge.
Lurbinectedin: A New Treatment Option for Relapsed/Refractory Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Shinn Lauren T. , Vo Katrina A. , Reeves David J. 
Published: December 2020

Objective To assess the clinical application of lurbinectedin and its role in the therapy of small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). Data Sources PubMed database and ClincialTrials.gov were utilized to perform a comprehensive literature search from August 2011 to mid-November 2020 with the terms lurbinectedin and PM01183. Study Selection and Data Extraction English-language clinical trials of lurbinectedin were evaluated. Data Synthesis Lurbinectedin, as second-line therapy in SCLC, demonstrated an overall response (OR) rate of 35.2% and median overall survival of 9.3 months. Phase II studies in multiple cancers revealed myelosuppression (>95%), increased liver enzymes (>70%), nausea (up to 80%), vomiting (54%), and fatigue (>50%) as the most common adverse events associated with lurbinectedin. CYP3A4 drug interactions affect lurbinectedin exposure (severe pancytopenia occurred after coadministration with aprepitant), and protein binding can affect its clearance. Patients with cardiac comorbidities were not included in published lurbinectedin trials because of cardiotoxicity associated with trabectedin. Relevance to Patient Care and Clinical Practice Lurbinectedin is an option in SCLC after failure of a platinum-based regimen. Dose adjustments, drug interactions, antiemetic regimen choice, and patient comorbidities are important clinical considerations with lurbinectedin use. Likewise, its place in therapy in the era of immune checkpoint inhibitors requires further exploration. Conclusions With a promising OR compared with other second-line options, lurbinectedin should be considered in patients who have failed first-line therapy. Studies are ongoing with lurbinectedin in combination with other agents in SCLC, and a phase III trial is assessing use in combination with doxorubicin compared with other second-line regimens.
Suture Button vs Conventional Screw Fixation for Isolated Lisfranc Ligament Injuries
Authors: Cho Jaeho , Kim Jahyung , Min Tae-Hong , Chun Dong-Il , Won Sung Hun , Park Suyeon , Yi Young 
Published: December 2020

Background: Suture buttons have been used for isolated Lisfranc ligament (ILL) fixation. However, no study has reported on its clinical and radiologic outcomes. Methods: In this retrospective comparative study, patients with ILL injuries were divided into 2 groups according to the treatment method: 32 conventional screw group and 31 suture button group. The clinical and radiologic outcomes at preoperation, 6 months and 1 year postoperation, and last follow-up period were measured. Plantar foot pressure was measured at postoperative month 6 months. Postoperative complications at the last follow-up were evaluated. Results: The suture button group showed better American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society midfoot scale ( P < .001) and visual analog scale ( P < .001) scores compared with the conventional screw fixation group at the postoperative month 6 period before screw removal. However, no significant difference in clinical outcome between the 2 groups was found at postoperative year 1 or last follow-up. No differences in radiologic outcomes were found between the 2 groups. Plantar foot pressure was significantly elevated in the conventional screw group at the great toe and first metatarsal head area compared with the contralateral foot just before screw removal. Recurrent Lisfranc joint diastasis was found in a single case in the conventional screw group and 2 cases in the suture button group. Conclusion: Suture button fixation in the treatment of ILL injuries may provide comparable fixation stability and clinical outcome with conventional screw fixation in the early postoperative period. Level of Evidence: Level III, retrospective case-control study, therapeutic.
Comparison of Preoperative Bone Density in Patients With and Without Periprosthetic Osteolysis Following Total Ankle Arthroplasty
Authors: Lee Gun-Woo , Seo Hyoung-Yeon , Jung Dong-Min , Lee Keun-Bae 
Published: December 2020

Background: Modern total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) prostheses are uncemented press-fit designs whose stability is dependent on bone ingrowth. Preoperative insufficient bone density reduces initial local stability at the bone-implant interface, and we hypothesized that this may play a role in periprosthetic osteolysis. We aimed to investigate the preoperative bone density of the distal tibia and talus and compare these in patients with and without osteolysis. Methods: We enrolled 209 patients (218 ankles) who underwent primary TAA using the HINTEGRA prosthesis. The overall mean follow-up duration was 66 (range, 24-161) months. The patients were allocated into 2 groups according to the presence of periprosthetic osteolysis: the osteolysis group (64 patients, 65 ankles) and nonosteolysis group (145 patients, 153 ankles). Between the 2 groups, we investigated and compared the radiographic outcomes, including the Hounsfield unit (HU) value around the ankle joint and the coronal plane alignment. Results: HU values of the tibia and talus measured at 5 mm from the reference points were higher than those at 10 mm in each group. However, comparing the osteolysis and nonosteolysis groups, we found no significant intergroup difference in HU value at every measured level in the tibia and talus ( P > .05). Concerning the coronal plane alignment, there were no significant between-group differences in the tibiotalar and talar tilt angles ( P > .05). Conclusion: Patients with osteolysis showed similar preoperative bone density of the distal tibia and talus compared with patients without osteolysis. Our results suggest that low bone density around the ankle joint may not be associated with increased development of osteolysis. Level of Evidence: Level III, retrospective cohort study.
MiR-124-5p Inhibits the Progression of Gastric Cancer by Targeting MIEN1
Authors: Liang Feng , Zhang HongYan , Qiu YuXuan , Xu QianRu , Jian KaiYu , Jiang Lin , Wang Fei , Lu Xin 
Published: December 2020

Objective: To observe the effect of miR-124-5p on progression of gastric cancer (GC) and explore the targeting mechanism. Methods: After collecting the specimens, we used real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR to detect the miR-124-5p level of GC tissue and corresponding adjacent tissue. Then MTT test and scratch wound-healing assay were hired to evaluate the influence of miR-124-5p in GC cell (SGC-803 and SGC7901) migration and proliferation ability. The binding of miR-124-5p to migration and invasion enhancer 1 (MIEN1) was detected through dual luciferase reporter gene experiment and western blot was utilized to assay the protein level of MIEN1. Results: Compared with adjacent tissues, miR-124-5p level in GC tissues was lower significantly. MiR-124-5p mimic inhibited the metastasis and proliferation ability of SGC7901 cells and miR-124-5p inhibitor promoted the migration and proliferation ability of SGC803 cells. In addition, miR-124-5p targeted MIEN1 and negatively modulated the MIEN1 expression in SGC-803 and SGC7901 cells. Silencing MIEN1 negatively regulated the metastasis and proliferation ability of SGC7901 cells. Conclusion: MiR-124-5p inhibited the GC cell proliferation and metastasis phenotypes through MIEN1, which probably becomes a novel molecular target for clinical GC treatment.
Lumbrical Muscles Neural Branching Patterns: A Cadaveric Study With Potential Clinical Implications
Authors: Colonna Michele R. , Piagkou Maria , Monticelli Andrea , Tiengo Cesare , Bassetto Franco , Sonda Regina , Battiston Bruno , Titolo Paolo , Tos Pierluigi , Fazio Antonina , Costa Alfio Luca , Galeano Mariarosaria , Porzionato Andrea , De Caro Raffaele , Cucinotta Filippo , Anastasopoulos Nikolaos , Papadopulos Nikolaos A. , Geuna Stefano , Natsis Konstantinos 
Published: December 2020

Background Lumbrical muscles originate in the palm from the 4 tendons of the flexor digitorum profundus and course distally along the radial side of the corresponding metacarpophalangeal joints, in front of the deep transverse metacarpal ligament. The first and second lumbrical muscles are typically innervated by the median nerve, and third and fourth by the ulnar nerve. A plethora of lumbrical muscle variants has been described, ranging from muscles’ absence to reduction in their number or presence of accessory slips. The current cadaveric study highlights typical and variable neural supply of lumbrical muscles. Materials Eight (3 right and 5 left) fresh frozen cadaveric hands of 3 males and 5 females of unknown age were dissected. From the palmar wrist crease, the median and ulnar nerve followed distally to their terminal branches. The ulnar nerve deep branch was dissected and lumbrical muscle innervation patterns were noted. Results The frequency of typical innervations of lumbrical muscles is confirmed. The second lumbrical nerve had a double composition from both the median and ulnar nerves, in 12.5% of the hands. The thickest branch (1.38 mm) originated from the ulnar nerve and supplied the third lumbrical muscle, and the thinnest one (0.67 mm) from the ulnar nerve and supplied the fourth lumbrical muscle. In 54.5%, lumbrical nerve bifurcation was identified. Conclusion The complex innervation pattern and the peculiar anatomy of branching to different thirds of the muscle bellies are pointed out. These findings are important in dealing with complex and deep injuries in the palmar region, including transmetacarpal amputations.
Effectiveness of combined superficial femoral artery endovascular therapy with popliteal-to-distal bypass: A paradigm shift in surgical open bypass for chronic limb-threatening ischemia
Authors: Kobayashi Taira , Hamamoto Masaki , Okazaki Takanobu , Hasegawa Misa , Fujiwara Takashi , Takahashi Shinya 
Published: December 2020

Objectives The purpose of this study was to evaluate the results of combining superficial femoral artery endovascular therapy with distal bypass originating from the popliteal artery as a method of lower extremity revascularization in patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia. Methods The records of patients undergoing combined superficial femoral artery endovascular therapy with popliteal-to-distal bypass for chronic limb-threatening ischemia from January 2014 to April 2020 at a single institution were retrospectively reviewed. The patients’ background, operative details, and long-term outcomes were analyzed. Results Fifty-two popliteal-to-distal bypasses with superficial femoral artery endovascular therapy were performed in 49 patients (33 men; mean age, 76 ± 9 years; diabetes mellitus, 80%; end-stage renal disease with hemodialysis, 47%). The Trans-Atlantic Inter-Society Consensus II classification of superficial femoral artery–popliteal lesion was “A” in 8 (15%) patients, “B” in 14 (27%) patients, “C” in 24 (46%) patients, and “D” in 6 (12%) patients. The intervention for superficial femoral artery lesions was plain old balloon angioplasty in 4 patients, self-expandable nitinol stent in 15 patients, drug-coated balloon in 18 patients, drug-eluting stent in 4 patients, stent graft in 10 patients, and interwoven nitinol stent in 1 patient. Distal bypass originated from the above-knee popliteal artery in 9 (17%) limbs and the below-knee popliteal artery in 43 (83%) limbs. The most common outflow artery was the posterior tibial artery (44%). The mean follow-up period was 17 ± 17 months. The primary and secondary patency of the graft was 44% and 72%, respectively, at 1 year and 39% and 72%, respectively, at 3 years. Primary patency and freedom from clinical-driven target lesion revascularization of superficial femoral artery endovascular therapy lesions were 85% and 90%, respectively, at 1 year and 63% and 75%, respectively, at 3 years. Limb salvage was 97% at 1 year and 92% at 3 years. Wound healing was 67% at 6 months and 83% at 12 months. Conclusions Combined superficial femoral artery endovascular therapy with popliteal-to-distal bypass may be a promising approach for patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia because of durable patency, acceptable wound healing, and good limb salvage.
The effectiveness of percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy in the treatment of acute thromboembolic occlusions of lower extremity
Authors: Liu Liguo , Zhang Xiujun , Huang Mei , Li Junhai , Zhao Ziyuan , Huang Junjie 
Published: December 2020

Objectives The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy as the initial thrombus removal method in the treatment of acute lower extremity ischemia. Methods The patients with acute lower limb ischemia who underwent percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy between August 2016 and February 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. The patients were diagnosed by clinical examination and computed tomography angiography. The percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy was performed as the initial thrombus removal method, followed by anticoagulation therapy. The patients were followed up by clinical examination, imaging, and ankle brachial index (ABI) examination. Results Thirty-two patients (21 males, 11 females; average age of 68.53 ± 8.05; three cases of grade III, 29 cases of grade IIB) were reviewed. Recanalization of the thromboembolic occlusions were achieved in all patients. ABI significantly ( p < 0.01) increased postoperatively (preoperative ABI: 0.51 ± 0.13; postoperative ABI: 0.85 ± 0.65, ABI at three months postoperatively: 0.84 ± 0.66). Eleven patients underwent balloon dilation and three patients had stent placement. Complete thrombus removal was achieved in all patients. The primary patency at 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months postoperatively was 90%, 85%, and 56%, respectively. The secondary patency at 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months postoperatively was 93%, 87%, and 65%, respectively. Conclusions The immediate result appeared to be effective to use percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy as the first thrombus removal method in the treatment of acute thromboembolic occlusions in the lower extremity, while the midterm result needs to be further improved.
Efficacy of infliximab treatment on the mucosal healing of different intestinal segments in patients with ileocolonic Crohn’s disease
Authors: Wu Yaling , Zhang Lei , Cao Jingli , Wang Haichao , Ye Chen , Zhuoma Deji , Yang Pengyu , Wang Xiaolei 
Published: December 2020

Background: Mucosal healing (MH) is the key aim of the treat-to-target strategy for patients with Crohn’s disease (CD). The efficacy of infliximab (IFX) on MH in different ileocolonic segments is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate endoscopic MH in different ileocolonic segments in patients with CD who received IFX treatment. Methods: A retrospective, single-center study was performed in patients with active ileocolonic CD between January 2012 and December 2018. All patients underwent IFX treatment for at least 30 weeks. The MH of five ileocolonic segments was assessed by the Simple Endoscopic Score for CD (SES-CD) at baseline, 14/22 weeks and 30/38 weeks. The SES-CD values were analyzed by a mixed-effects model after the correction for confounding factors. Results: A total of 101 eligible patients were included. The baseline endoscopic severity was similar across segments. At 30/38 weeks, the greatest changes in the SES-CD ulcer size and ulcerated surface subscores were −94.29% and −94.32% both in the transverse colon ( p < 0.0001), and the smallest changes were −67.88% and −69.67% both in the terminal ileum ( p < 0.0001) compared with baseline. Stenosis mainly presented in the right colon (12/29, 41.38%). The change in the SES-CD stenosis subscore was −6.25% in the right colon at 30/38 weeks compared with −71.88% at 14/22 weeks ( p = 0.0030). At 30/38 weeks, the transverse colon achieved the highest rate of complete MH (CMH) at 81.2%, and the lowest CMH rate occurred in the terminal ileum at 45.6%. Moreover, the degree of improvement in the rectum was negatively correlated with disease progression ( p = 0.011). Conclusions: Ileocolonic segments in CD presented different degrees of endoscopic MH during IFX treatment. The transverse colon showed the highest CMH rate, whereas the right colon with stenosis showed the poorest improvement. The differing propensities of ileocolonic segments may provide an individualized IFX treatment strategy.