bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of the 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in patients with Parkinson's disease – the SFC BP multicentre study in China
Authors: Chen Shi-Wu , Wang Yu-Kai , Dou Rong-Hua , Xie Xin-Yi , Hu Yong-Bo , Ding Nan , Zhang Guo-Hua , Jing Hai-Fang , Zhao Wei-Dong , Xue Yan , Li Yan , Wang Gang 
Published: July 2020

Objectives:
Cardiovascular dysautonomia can be present at early, late and even prodromal stages of Parkinson's disease. This study aimed to describe the characteristics of 24-h ambulatory blood pressure (BP) monitoring and investigate the frequency of cardiovascular dysautonomia in Parkinson's disease without an abnormal BP history.

Methods:
Parkinson's disease patients without history of abnormal BP were consecutively enrolled from three Chinese centres, on whom office BP measurement, neurological evaluations and 24-h ambulatory BP monitoring were performed.

Results:
Totally, 101 Parkinson's disease patients (42.6% women) with an average age of 66.6 ± 8.2 years were included in our cohort, and data analysis revealed that 26 (25.74%) patients suffered from orthostatic hypotension, among whom 18 (69.23%) were symptomatic. Patients with orthostatic hypotension compared with those without had significantly higher nocturnal SBP level, and more severe nonmotor symptoms, autonomic dysfunction and cognitive impairment. Further, 54 out of 101 (53.47%) individuals had a reverse dipping pattern in SBP and/or DBP. Reverse dippers had more cases of orthostatic hypotension (P < 0.001), and more severe nonmotor symptoms. SBP dipping ratio of less than −2.98% generated 76.9% of sensitivity, 69.3% of specificity, 46.5% of positive predictive value (PPV), 89.7% of negative predictive value (NPV) and 77.4% of accuracy, while diastolic dipping ratio of less than −1.80% generated 76.9% of sensitivity, 70.7% specificity, 47.6% of PPV, 89.8% of NPV and 77.8% of accuracy for suspecting orthostatic hypotension.

Conclusion:
Orthostatic hypotension can occur in one-fourth Parkinson's disease patients without abnormal BP history, and reverse dipping was present in more than half of patients with Parkinson's disease. Reverse dipping pattern was helpful to suspect orthostatic hypotension.
Long-term blood pressure variability, incidence of hypertension and changes in renal function in type 2 diabetes
Authors: Viazzi Francesca , Russo Elisa , Mirijello Antonio , Fioretto Paola , Giorda Carlo , Ceriello Antonio , Copetti Massimiliano , Russo Giuseppina T. , Di Bartolo Paolo , Manicardi Valeria , Leoncini Giovanna , De Cosmo Salvatore , Pontremoli Roberto 
Published: July 2020

Objectives:
Long-term visit-to-visit SBP variability (VVV) predicts cerebro-cardiovascular and renal events in patients with hypertension. Whether VVV predicts hypertension and/or chronic kidney disease is currently unknown. We assessed the role of VVV on the development of hypertension and changes in renal function in patients with type 2 diabetes and normal blood pressure (NBP) in a real-life clinical setting.

Methods:
Clinical records from 8998 patients with type 2 diabetes, NBP, and normal estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were analyzed. VVV was measured by SD of the mean SBP recorded in at least four visits during 2 consecutive years before follow-up. Hypertension was defined as SBP at least 140 mmHg and DBP at least 90 mmHg or the presence of antihypertensive treatment. Renal function was defined as worsening of albuminuria status and/or a reduction in eGFR at least 30% from baseline.

Results:
After a mean follow-up time of 3.5 ± 2.8 years, 3795 patients developed hypertension (12.1 per 100 person-years). An increase of 5 mmHg VVV was associated with a 19% (P < 0.0001) and a 5% (P = 0.008) independent increased risk of developing hypertension and worsening of albuminuria, respectively. We found no association between VVV and eGFR decrease from baseline. Patients with VVV in the upper quartile (>12.8 mmHg) showed a 50% increased risk of developing hypertension (P < 0.0001) and an almost 20% increased risk of worsening albuminuria (P = 0.004) as compared with those in the lower one (<6.9 mmHg).

Conclusion:
Increased VVV independently predicts incident hypertension and albuminuria worsening in type 2 diabetes and NBP.
Probable Vertical Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Authors: Demirjian Alicia , Singh Cheentan , Tebruegge Marc , Herbert Rachel , Draz Nehal , Mirfenderesky Mariyam , Jones Victoria , Hinstridge Peter , Seneviratne Ranjika , Myers Richard , Ellis Joanna , Miah Shahjahan , Meadows Christopher IS , Kenny Julia , Alonso Alejandra , Handforth Jennifer , Perkins Shona , Butler Mark , Blackburn Frances , Douthwaite Sam , Pillay Deenan , Chand Meera , Zambon Maria 
Published: July 2020

Background:
To date, although neonatal infections with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronovirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have been described, none of these have been proven to be the result of vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2.

Methods:
We describe the probable vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in a neonate born to a mother with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Results:
Following cesarean section, the neonate was kept in strict isolation. Molecular tests for SARS-CoV-2 on respiratory samples, blood, and meconium were initially negative, but positive on a nasopharyngeal aspirate on the third day of life. On day 5, the neonate developed fever and coryza, which spontaneously resolved. Viral genomic analysis from the mother and neonate showed identical sequences except for 1 nucleotide.

Conclusion:
This report has important implications for infection control and clinical management of pregnant women with COVID-19 and their newborns.
Brillouin microscopic depth-dependent analysis of corneal crosslinking performed over or under the LASIK flap
Authors: Zhang Hongyuan , Roozbahani Mehdi , Piccinini Andre L. , Hafezi Farhad , Scarcelli Giuliano , Randleman J. Bradley 
Published: July 2020

Purpose:
To determine the impact of corneal crosslinking (CXL) performed over the laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) flap using the Standard CXL (S-CXL) protocol or under the flap after flap lift (flap-CXL) on regional corneal stiffness using Brillouin microscopy.

Setting:
University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, and Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.

Design:
Laboratory ex vivo experiment.

Methods:
After epithelium debridement, LASIK flaps were created on intact fresh porcine eyes with a mechanical microkeratome. Then, S-CXL (riboflavin applied to the corneal surface followed by 3 mW/cm2 ultraviolet exposure with the flap in place for 30 minutes) or flap-CXL (riboflavin applied to the stromal bed after reflecting the flap followed by the same ultraviolet A exposure with the flap replaced) was performed. Depth profile of stiffness variation and averaged elastic modulus of anterior, middle, and posterior stroma were determined by analyzing Brillouin maps. Each eye served as its own control.

Results:
The study was performed on 24 fresh porcine eyes. S-CXL had maximal stiffening impact in the anterior most corneal stroma within the LASIK flap (8.40 ± 0.04 GHz), whereas flap-CXL had lower maximal stiffening impact (8.22 ± 0.03 GHz) (P < .001) that occurred 249 ± 34 μm under the corneal surface. S-CXL increased longitudinal modulus by 6.69% (anterior), 0.48% (middle), and −0.91% (posterior) as compared with flap-CXL, which increased longitudinal modulus by 3.43% (anterior, P < .001), 1.23% (middle, P < .1), and −0.78% (posterior, P = .68).

Conclusions:
The S-CXL technique generated significantly greater stiffening effect in the anterior cornea than a modified protocol with riboflavin administration under the flap (flap-CXL). Minimal stiffening occurred in the middle or posterior cornea with either protocol.
Nursing Care During Neonatal Electroencephalographs
Authors: Podraza Wojciech , Oleksy Barbara , Jezierska Karolina , Podraza Hanna 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Electroencephalography (EEG) enables the precise evaluation of a neonate's condition. Three factors that determine the quality of care during this procedure are knowledge, experience, and attitude. The role of the nurse during EEG recordings was evaluated in this study, and the requirements for successfully performing neonatal EEGs, along with practical suggestions, are presented. METHODS: Evidence in the literature as well as clinical expertise forms the basis for this review. RESULTS: From our observations and practice during EEGs, we found that the following conditions must be met to successfully perform an EEG examination in a newborn: safety, a period of sleep and calm wakefulness of the neonate, good technical conditions, and no external interferences. Key conditions include the maintenance of safety rules and cooperation between nurses, EEG technicians, and parents. CONCLUSION: The EEG examinations in neonates weighing less than 1500 g or those requiring respiratory support should only be performed by a trained neonatal intensive care unit nurse.
Job Insecurity and Financial Concern During the COVID-19 Pandemic Are Associated With Worse Mental Health
Authors: Wilson Jenna M. , Lee Jerin , Fitzgerald Holly N. , Oosterhoff Benjamin , Sevi Bariş , Shook Natalie J. 
Published: July 2020

Objective:
To determine whether job insecurity due to COVID-19 and financial concern were associated with worse mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Method:
Participants (N = 474 employed U.S. individuals) completed an online survey from April 6 to 12, 2020. Linear regressions were used to examine factors associated with mental health.

Results:
After accounting for demographic characteristics, health status, other COVID-19 experiences, and anxiety symptoms, greater job insecurity due to COVID-19 was related to greater depressive symptoms. Conversely, after accounting for covariates and depressive symptoms, greater financial concern was related to greater anxiety symptoms. Further, greater job insecurity was indirectly related to greater anxiety symptoms due to greater financial concern.

Conclusions:
Findings suggest that employers should aim to reduce job insecurity and financial concern among employees during the COVID-19 pandemic to address the associated mental health consequences.
Foreign Body Retrieval by Using Flexible Cryoprobe in Children
Authors: Moslehi Mohammad Ashkan 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Foreign body aspiration (FBA) can be a life-threatening emergency and the cause of significant morbidity and mortality in children. Although rigid bronchoscopy is considered as the treatment of choice for the retrieval of foreign bodies (FBs) among pediatrics, extraction with the flexible fiberoptic bronchoscope (FFB) has become increased in popularity over the last few years. Recently, though there have been some reports about the use of cryoprobes as tools for the removal of FBs in adults, there is a limited experience concerning pediatrics, especially during the infancy period. The aim of this study is to describe the characteristics of FBs and cryoextraction as the new method of treatment.

Methods:
This retrospective study was conducted on 50 pediatric patients with FBA who were managed by using the flexible cryoprobes to evaluate their outcomes between September 2013 and October 2018.

Results:
A total of 50 children ranging in age from 7 months to 15 years underwent cryoextraction for the airway FBA retrieval with FFB using a cryoprobe. The main symptoms patients complained of were choking, cyanosis, cough, and noisy breathing. History, clinical examination, and finally radiologic examination were the diagnostic tools. The treatment consisted of FFB using cryoprobes under slight general anesthesia with maintaining the patient’s spontaneous breathing. Using cryoextraction turned to be very useful.

Conclusion:
Using cryoextraction can be a reliable and preferred method with minimal complications for extracting airway FBs among children, especially those that have a friable texture.
Scientific Productivity in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Zhong Mingliang , Xu Canhua , Wu Yaohong , Chen Qin , Chen Rongchun 
Published: July 2020

Objectives
Assessment of scientific productivity provides a macroscopic view of research activity in a specific field. However, no analyses of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have been published to date. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the characteristics of studies published on RA worldwide.

Methods
The Web of Science database was searched for articles on RA published between 2017 and 2019. Analysis parameters included the number of articles, number of times each publication was cited, country, journal, and research output adjusted by population and gross domestic product.

Results
Overall, 16,936 publications were identified. The United States was the largest contributor (17.71%), followed by China (17.17%), Japan (6.37%), the United Kingdom (5.82%), and Italy (4.76%). High-income economies (69.98%) ranked first in productivity, followed by middle- (30%) and low-income economies (0.02%). Significant correlations were found between research productivity and population (r = 0.461, p = 0.000), as well as gross domestic product (r = 0.786, p = 0.000). Publications from the United States received the highest number of total citations (21,669), followed by China (10,952) and the United Kingdom (7846). Austria had the highest average citations (16.18), followed by Norway (8.19) and the United Kingdom (7.98). When normalized by population, the leading country was Denmark, followed by the Netherlands and Sweden. When adjusted by gross domestic product, Denmark ranked first in publications on RA, followed by the Netherlands and Greece.

Conclusion
The United States emerged as the largest contributor to the field of RA research. Countries with large populations and economies tended to have higher research productivity. Multiple countries in Europe performed better in research output when normalized by population and economy sizes.
Autogenous Tooth Bone Graft and Simvastatin Combination Effect on Bone Healing
Authors: Taşdemir Ufuk , Kirtay Mustafa , Keleş Ali , Çil Nazli , Abban Gülçin , Dodurga Yavuz 
Published: July 2020

Objective:
Autogenous tooth bone grafts (ATGM) are materials prepared from extracted teeth and have been used for bone augmentation. These graft materials are known to have similar structures and components to bone grafts. In this sense, this study aimed to evaluate all the tooth layers mixed with simvastatin without any demineralization process effect on bone formation.

Methods:
In 60 Wistar albino rats, a standardized 6.0 m-diameter critical size bone defect was created in their calvarium. The study consists of 1 control and 4 experimental groups. In the control group (12 rats), the defects were left empty. The defects were grafted only with ATGM in Group 1, with ATGM mixed with simvastatin in Group 2, autogenous bone graft mixed with simvastatin in Group 3, and with xenogenic bone graft mixed with simvastatin in Group 4. The animals were sacrificed at the 7th and 28th days after operation.

Results:
PCR, micro CT and histological results show that bone formation was enhanced in the experimental groups in comparison to the control group. Group 1 and Group 2 had similar bone formation rate when compared to Group 3 and Group 4 at the 28th day after operation.

Conclusion:
This study concludes that mineralized teeth may be used for defect reconstruction without any demineralization process. Autogenous mineralized tooth bone graft should be mixed with simvastatin for bone regeneration like other grafts.
Opioids After Surgery in the United States Versus the Rest of the World
Authors: Kaafarani Haytham M. A. , Han Kelsey , El Moheb Mohamad , Kongkaewpaisan Napaporn , Jia Zhenyi , El Hechi Majed W. , van Wijck Suzanne , Breen Kerry , Eid Ahmed , Rodriguez Gabriel , Kongwibulwut Manasnun , Nordestgaard Ask T. , Sakran Joseph V. , Ezzeddine Hiba , Joseph Bellal , Hamidi Mohammad , Ortega Camilo , Flores Sonia Lopez , Gutierrez-Sougarret Bernardo J. , Qin Huanlong , Yang Jun , Gao Renyuan , Wang Zhiguo , Gao Zhiguang , Prichayudh Supparerk , Durmaz Said , van der Wilden Gwendolyn , Santin Stephanie , Ribeiro Marcelo A. F. , Noppakunsomboom Napakadol , Alami Ramzi , El-Jamal Lara , Naamani Dana , Velmahos George , Lillemoe Keith D. 
Published: July 2020

Objective:
The International Patterns of Opioid Prescribing study compares postoperative opioid prescribing patterns in the United States (US) versus the rest of the world.

Summary of Background Data:
The US is in the middle of an unprecedented opioid epidemic. Diversion of unused opioids contributes to the opioid epidemic.

Methods:
Patients ≥16 years old undergoing appendectomy, cholecystectomy, or inguinal hernia repair in 14 hospitals from 8 countries during a 6-month period were included. Medical records were systematically reviewed to identify: (1) preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative characteristics, (2) opioid intake within 3 months preoperatively, (3) opioid prescription upon discharge, and (4) opioid refills within 3 months postoperatively. The median/range and mean/standard deviation of number of pills and OME were compared between the US and non-US patients.

Results:
A total of 4690 patients were included. The mean age was 49 years, 47% were female, and 4% had opioid use history. Ninety-one percent of US patients were prescribed opioids, compared to 5% of non-US patients (P < 0.001). The median number of opioid pills and OME prescribed were 20 (0–135) and 150 (0–1680) mg for US versus 0 (0–50) and 0 (0–600) mg for non-US patients, respectively (both P < 0.001). The mean number of opioid pills and OME prescribed were 23.1 ± 13.9 in US and 183.5 ± 133.7 mg versus 0.8 ± 3.9 and 4.6 ± 27.7 mg in non-US patients, respectively (both P < 0.001). Opioid refill rates were 4.7% for US and 1.0% non-US patients (P < 0.001).

Conclusions:
US physicians prescribe alarmingly high amounts of opioid medications postoperatively. Further efforts should focus on limiting opioid prescribing and emphasize non-opioid alternatives in the US.
Risk Factors for Suicide After Bariatric Surgery in a Population-based Nationwide Study in Five Nordic Countries
Authors: Kauppila Joonas H. , Santoni Giola , Tao Wenjing , Lynge Elsebeth , Jokinen Jussi , Tryggvadóttir Laufey , Ness-Jensen Eivind , Pukkala Eero , von Euler-Chelpin My , Lagergren Jesper 
Published: July 2020

Objective:
To identify risk factors for suicide after bariatric surgery.

Summary background data:
Bariatric surgery reduces obesity-related mortality. However, it is for unclear reasons is associated with an increased risk of suicide.

Methods:
This population-based cohort study included patients having undergone bariatric surgery in 1982 to 2012 in any of the 5 Nordic countries, with follow-up through 2012. Eleven potential risk factors of suicide (sex, age, comorbidity, surgery type, surgical approach, calendar year of surgery, history of depression or anxiety, psychosis, schizophrenia, mania, or bipolar disorder, personality disorder, substance use, and number of previously documented psychiatric diagnoses) were analyzed using Cox regression.

Results:
Of 49,977 bariatric surgery patients, 98 (0.2%) committed suicide during follow-up. Women had a decreased risk of suicide compared to men (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.48, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.33–0.77), although age and comorbidity did not influence this risk. Compared to gastric bypass, other types of bariatric surgery had lower risk of suicide (HR = 0.44, 95%CI 0.27–0.99). There was no difference in suicide risk between laparoscopic and open surgical approach. A history of depression or anxiety (HR = 6.87, 95%CI 3.97–11.90); mania, bipolar disorder, psychosis, or schizophrenia (HR = 2.70, 95%CI 1.14–6.37); and substance use (HR = 2.28, 95%CI 1.08–4.80), increased the risk of suicide. More of the above psychiatric diagnoses increased the risk of suicide (HR = 22.59, 95%CI 12.96–39.38 for ≥2 compared to 0 diagnoses).

Conclusions:
Although the risk of suicide is low, psychiatric disorders, male sex, and gastric bypass procedure seem to increase the risk of suicide after bariatric surgery, indicating a role for tailored preoperative psychiatric evaluation and postoperative surveillance.
The Impact of Radiotherapy on Patient-reported Outcomes of Immediate Implant-based Breast Reconstruction With and Without Mesh
Authors: Sewart Emma , Turner Nicholas L. , Conroy Elizabeth J. , Cutress Ramsey I. , Skillman Joanna , Whisker Lisa , Thrush Steven , Barnes Nicola , Holcombe Chris , Potter Shelley 
Published: July 2020

Objective:
To explore the impact of PMRT on PROs of IBBR performed with and without mesh.

Summary of Background Data:
PMRT is increasingly given to improve breast cancer outcomes but can adversely impact complications after IBBR.
Little; however, is known about the impact of PMRT on the PROs of IBBR, especially when mesh is used.

Methods:
The implant Breast Reconstruction evAluation prospective cohort study recruited consecutive women undergoing immediate IBBR from 81 UK breast and plastic surgical units. Demographic, operative, oncological, and 3-month complication data were collected, and patients consented to receive validated PRO questionnaires at 18-months. The association between IBBR, PMRT, and PROs were investigated using mixed-effects regression models adjusted for clinically-relevant confounders and including a random-effect to account for potential clustering by center

Results:
A total of 1163 women consented to receive 18-month questionnaires of whom 730 (63%) completed it. Patients undergoing PMRT (214 patients) reported worse PROs in 3 BREAST-Q domains: satisfaction with breasts [–6.27 points, P = 0.008, 95% confidence interval (CI) (–10.91, –1.63)], satisfaction with outcome [–7.53 points, P = 0.002, CI (–12.20, –2.85)] and physical well-being [–6.55 points, P < 0.001, CI (–9.43, –3.67)]. Overall satisfaction was worse in the PMRT group [OR 0.497, P = 0.002, CI (0.32, 0.77)]. These effects were not ameliorated by mesh use.

Conclusions:
PMRT may adversely affect PROs after IBBR irrespective of whether mesh is used. These findings should be discussed with all patients considering IBBR and when indications for PMRT are borderline to enable informed decision-making regarding oncological and reconstructive treatment options.

Trial registration:
ISRCTN37664281.