bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pulmonary infections in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes receiving frontline azacytidine treatment
Authors: Latagliata Roberto , Niscola Pasquale , Fianchi Luana , Aloe Spiriti Maria Antonietta , Maurillo Luca , Carmosino Ida , Cesini Laura , Sarlo Chiara , Piccioni Annalina , Campagna Alessia , De Luca Maria Lucia , De Benedittis Daniela , Mancini Marco , Breccia Massimo , Criscuolo Marianna , Buccisano Francesco , Voso Maria Teresa , Avvisati Giuseppe , Tafuri Agostino , De Fabritiis Paolo , Foà Robin , Girmenia Corrado 
Published: December 2019

AbstractPulmonary infections (PIs) are a major complication of patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). We retrospectively evaluated 234 MDS patients treated with azacytidine (AZA). The total number of AZA cycles was 2886 (median 8 cycles per patient). There were 111 episodes of PI (3.8% of AZA cycles) in 81 patients (34.6%). PIs were considered of fungal origin in 27 cases (24.3%), associated to bacteremia in 11 cases (9.9%), to influenza infection in two cases (1.8%) and of unknown origin in the remaining 71 cases (64.0%). Forty‐five PI episodes were documented in cycles 1 to 4 of AZA (5.1% of 875 cycles) and the remaining 66 episodes beyond the fourth cycle (3.2% of 2011 cycles) (P = .017). Overall, a fungal PI was documented in 13/875 (1.5%) cycles 1 to 4 and in 13/2011 (0.6%) cycles beyond the fourth cycle (P = .001). A baseline chronic pulmonary disease was significantly associated to a higher risk of severe PIs. In the survival analysis, cases of PI in patients who progressed to acute leukemia (PAL) were excluded, in view of the predominant influence of PAL on the outcome of the patients. A PI unrelated to PAL documented during the first 4 AZA cycles was an independent factor predicting lower survival (OR, 2.13; 95% CI, 1.37‐3.33; P = .001). In conclusion, PIs are common in MDS patients receiving AZA, in particular during the first cycles of treatment and are associated with an unfavorable outcome. The results of our study raise the issue of the need of a tailored infection prevention strategy.
Overview of tritium records from precipitation and surface waters in Germany
Authors: Schmidt Axel , Frank Gabriele , Stichler Willibald , Duester Lars , Steinkopff Thomas , Stumpp Christine 
Published: December 2019

AbstractTritium is one of the most important environmental tracers in isotope hydrology for understanding the dynamics of groundwater and connected surface water and has been used in a wide range of applications at different scales. A key requirement for using tritium as a tracer is the knowledge of its spatial and temporal distribution in different water types. As a fundamental input, quantity long‐term time series of tritium in precipitation are of particular importance. In this paper, the authors present an overview of tritium data sets of the Federal Institute of Hydrology (BfG), the Helmholtz Zentrum München (HMGU) and the German Weather Service (DWD). Since the 1970s, all three institutions have monitored the tritium concentration at 53 surface water and 37 precipitation stations on a monthly basis. The primary purpose of the data set was to provide baseline information for different water types all over Germany as an integral part of the German radiation protection monitoring system. Additionally, as geochemically inert tracer, tritium provides a unique tool to different user groups in a wide range of research questions and applications.
Inhibiting miR‐27a and miR‐142‐5p attenuate nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by regulating Nrf2 signaling pathway
Authors: Teimouri Maryam , Hosseini Hossein , Shabani Maryam , Koushki Mehdi , Noorbakhsh Farshid , Meshkani Reza 
Published: December 2019

SummaryThe gene Nrf2 (nuclear factor‐erythroid 2‐related factor 2) is the most important regulator of the cellular antioxidant system and its dysregulation has a role in the etiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The aim of this study was to investigate the association between Nrf2 targeted miRNAs (miR‐27a, miR‐142‐5p, miR‐153, and miR‐128) with lipid accumulation in vitro and in vivo models of NAFLD. We used two in vivo and in vitro models of NAFLD. The expression of the genes and miRNAs was assessed by real‐time PCR and the protein level was evaluated using western blot. To investigate the potential role of miRNAs in NAFLD, the inhibitors or mimics of the miR‐27a and miR‐142‐5p were transfected into HepG2 cells. The mRNA and protein levels of Nrf2 were significantly decreased in the liver of high fat diet‐fed mice as well as in HepG2 cells treated with high glucose (HG). Reduced expression of Nrf2 was associated with increased expression levels of miR‐27a and miR‐142‐5p in both models of NAFLD. HG‐induced triglyceride accumulation was attenuated by inhibition of miR‐27a or miR‐142‐5p in HepG2 cells. Overexpression of miR‐27a or miR‐142‐5p suppressed the expression of Nrf2 and its downstream antioxidant genes and increased production of reactive oxygen species, whereas inhibition of miR‐27a or miR‐142‐5p reversed these effects. In conclusion, the data of this study may suggest that miR‐27a and miR‐142‐5p are increased in NAFLD, where they suppress Nrf2 expression and contribute to the accumulation of lipids in the hepatocytes.
Analyses of HIV‐1 integrase gene sequences among treatment‐naive patients in the Eastern Cape, South Africa
Authors: Onoriode Digban Tennison , Chucks Iweriebor Benson , Chikwelu Obi Larry , Nwodo Uchechuwku , Ifeanyi Okoh Anthony 
Published: December 2019

AbstractDrug resistance has been recognized in all available therapeutic class of medications for the management of human immunodeficiency virus‐1 (HIV‐1) infected patients. This makes the continuous study of HIV drug resistance and new treatment options pertinent to patients and researchers globally. The aim of this study is to analyze the complete HIV‐1 integrase gene for the possible occurrence of resistance mutations or polymorphisms. We performed genetic analyses on 48 treatment‐naive HIV‐1‐infected patients using nested polymerase chain reaction. Integrase drug‐related resistance mutation (DRMs) analysis was performed on all generated sequences according to Stanford HIV drug interpretation program and the International AIDS Society‐USA guidelines while phylogenetic analysis was inferred using MEGA 6. The study revealed no major resistance‐associated mutation. However, E157Q (2.1%), L74M/I (4.2%), and P142T (2.1%) were the observed accessory and polymorphic mutations. Naturally occurring polymorphism observed were E11D, K14R, D25E, V31I, M50I, V72I, P90T, F100Y, L101I, T124A, T125A, K136Q, D167E, V201I, L234I, A265V, A269K, D278A, and S283G. Phylogenetic analysis delineated all the sequences as HIV‐1 subtype C. The study revealed the absence of major integrase inhibitors associated resistance mutations in a setting where integrase inhibitor is administered as salvage therapy in patients developing resistance to first and second‐line antiretroviral treatment. However minor and natural polymorphisms were observed and thus may influence the outcome of each treatment regimen. However, additional studies are required to precisely evaluate the impact of these mutations on integrase inhibitors in the Eastern Cape of South Africa.
Main geometrical features of horizontal buoyant jet fire and associated radiative fraction
Authors: Ab Aziz Nur Shahidah , Kasmani Rafiziana Md. , Samsudin Mohd Dinie Muhaimin , Ahmad Arshad 
Published: December 2019

AbstractHigh momentum release of jet fire can be very intense, and the released heat can be very high, depending on the source capacity. One of the key parameters in characterizing the jet fire is the radiative fraction. The previous study has correlated the radiative fraction to the source using a Froude number basis. Nevertheless, the flame mechanism and associated geometrical features gave significant effects on the global radiative heat flux to some extent. Therefore, the characterization of the main geometrical features, particularly on jet flame structures at higher momentum release conditions and its correlation with the radiative fraction, are valuable to be investigated. In this work, propane was used as fuel and released through a 9.8 mm circular nozzle with the exit velocities were set ranging between 27 and 65 m/s. It was found that the liftoff length estimation from this work is in a good agreement with the jet fire release under sub‐atmospheric pressure in a vertical orientation. Furthermore, the flame projected length and height were characterized by momentum‐driven length (L
m) and buoyancy‐driven height (L
b) by the dimensionless characteristics length (Ʌ). The experimental observations indicate that as the Ʌ ≥ 0.0001, the radiative fraction shows a decreasing trend.
An overlapping peak separation algorithm based on multiorder differential method and genetic algorithm for magnetic eddy current signal of a defect cluster
Authors: Xiong Jingyi , Liang Wei , Liang Xiaobin , Zhang Meng 
Published: December 2019

AbstractSafety assessment plays a vital role in the operation of oil and gas production systems, and data processing is important for the analysis of defects to make correct diagnosis. Therefore, the research to find a reliable data processing method is carried out. The magnetic eddy current signal detected of the defect is generally an abnormal data of “one peak and double valley” type. When the distance between the two defects is close, the leakage magnetic fields of the two defects interfere with each other. In order to facilitate the extraction of the characteristics of such anomalous data, it is necessary to separate the overlapping abnormal data. In this article, the above methods for identifying and processing anomaly detection data of complex defects are studied. The data fitting method is used to find the most suitable fitting function, and the accuracy of overlapping peak separation is optimized by the improved peak separation method based on GA algorithm. The results show that the Gaussian function is most suitable for fitting prediction of the “defective cluster” detection data after separation. The overlapped peak separation result optimized by GA algorithm has less error with the actual data. Therefore, the relevant features of the separated data can accurately reflect the defect related information and effectively improve the pipeline safety assessment.
Investor sophistication and asset prices
Authors: Korniotis George M. , Kumar Alok , Page Jeremy K. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWe show that geographical variation in the level of investor sophistication influences local asset prices. Investors in less sophisticated regions exhibit stronger trading correlations, and correspondingly, the returns of firms headquartered in less sophisticated areas are more strongly correlated. Furthermore, we show that local economic conditions have a greater ability to predict local stock returns in the U.S. states with less sophisticated retail investors. These asset pricing results are driven by the sophistication of actual local investors, and not by the characteristics of the broader local population.
Keyframe‐based thermal–inertial odometry
Authors: Khattak Shehryar , Papachristos Christos , Alexis Kostas 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAutonomous navigation of microaerial vehicles in environments that are simultaneously GPS‐denied and visually degraded, and especially in the dark, texture‐less and dust‐ or smoke‐filled settings, is rendered particularly hard. However, a potential solution arises if such aerial robots are equipped with long wave infrared thermal vision systems that are unaffected by darkness and can penetrate many types of obscurants. In response to this fact, this study proposes a keyframe‐based thermal–inertial odometry estimation framework tailored to the exact data and concepts of operation of thermal cameras. The front‐end component of the proposed solution utilizes full radiometric data to establish reliable correspondences between thermal images, as opposed to operating on rescaled data as previous efforts have presented. In parallel, taking advantage of a keyframe‐based optimization back‐end the proposed method is suitable for handling periods of data interruption which are commonly present in thermal cameras, while it also ensures the joint optimization of reprojection errors of 3D landmarks and inertial measurement errors. The developed framework was verified with respect to its resilience, performance, and ability to enable autonomous navigation in an extensive set of experimental studies including multiple field deployments in severely degraded, dark, and obscurants‐filled underground mines.
Spatial and temporal persistence of nearshore kelp beds on the west coast of British Columbia, Canada using satellite remote sensing
Authors: Schroeder Sarah B. , Boyer Leanna , Juanes Francis , Costa Maycira 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBull kelp Nereocystis luetkeana is an important foundation species, providing structural habitat and nutrients to the nearshore ecosystems of temperate coastal regions in the Northeast Pacific. Sensitive to environmental conditions, this species thrives in cool, nutrient‐rich water. Reported declines in the extent and distribution of bull kelp may reflect changing oceanic conditions and result in breakdown of important food chains and ecosystem services. This study uses satellite remote sensing to map kelp bed extent from 2004 to 2017 in the Salish Sea on the West Coast of British Columbia, Canada and examines the relationship between trends in kelp persistence with local and global scale environmental conditions. In our study area, we found limited evidence of kelp decline. Local scale effects of current speed, temperature and substrate type may play a role in the spatial and temporal patterns of persistence. Kelp persistence was higher in sites with rocky substrate and lower in areas with low current and gravel or sand substrate. A decline in kelp was recorded from a high in 2015 to a low in 2017; however, a longer and more complete record is needed to distinguish declining trends from natural variability. This work highlights the importance of continued collection of long‐term data for use in time series of kelp abundance as multiple factors can influence the reliability of image interpretation and kelp classification.
Systematics of Tibouchina and allies (Melastomataceae: Melastomateae): A new taxonomic classification
Authors: Guimarães Paulo José Fernandes , Michelangeli Fabián A. , Sosa Karla , de Santiago Gómez Jesús Ricardo 
Published: December 2019

AbstractTibouchina (Melastomataceae: Melastomateae) is an exclusively Neotropical genus that currently includes close to 310 species. These were first described or assigned to 16 other genera, a reflection of the complex taxonomic and phylogenetic history of the genus. Previous phylogenetic analyses have shown that the genus is polyphyletic. Here we present an expanded analysis that includes representatives of 28 genera of New World Melastomateae, as well as representatives of Old World Melastomateae and members of the Marcetieae and Microlicieae. Over 300 species were sequenced for nrITS and the plastid spacers accD‐psaI and psbK‐psbL. We recovered a large clade of Neotropical Melastomateae that contains Tibouchina along with at least 13 other Neotropical genera. Moreover, Tibouchina is not recovered as monophyletic because three mostly Central American and five mostly Andean genera are nested within it, albeit each these genera are recovered as monophyletic. Many of the previously recognized sections of Tibouchina are recovered as monophyletic or paraphyletic providing a basis for a new classification. Tibouchina is here re‐circumscribed into four genera that are each monophyletic and easily diagnosable. This results in a narrowly circumscribed Tibouchina and the re‐establishment of Pleroma and Chaetogastra, and the description of a new genus, Andesanthus. Pleroma now also includes Itatiaia, Microlepis and Svitramia. Brachyotum is maintained until its relationship to Chaetogastra can be further examined. This new taxonomic arrangement is more informative and convenient than merging eight other genera into Tibouchina. An identification key, descriptions of genera, and lists of taxa with their current generic assignment and necessary nomenclatural novelties are also presented here.
Dipeptide IF prevents the effects of hypertension‐induced Alzheimer's disease on long‐term memory in the cortex of spontaneously hypertensive rats
Authors: Chang Yung‐Ming , Ashok Kumar K. , Ju Da‐Tong , Ho Tsung‐Jung , Mahalakshmi B. , Lin Wan‐Teng , Day Cecilia H. , Vijaya Padma V. , Liao Po‐Hsiang , Huang Chih‐Yang 
Published: December 2019

AbstractHypertension (HTN) is one of the most prevalent chronic conditions; it can damage blood vessels and rupture blood vessels can trap in small vessels. This blockage can prevent blood flow and oxygen delivery to brain cells and can result in Alzheimer's disease (AD). HTN‐ and AD‐mediated long‐time memory loss and its treatment remain poorly understood. Plant‐derived natural compounds are alternative solutions for effectively treating diseases without any side effects. This study revealed that bioactive peptides extracted from potato hydrolysis suppress HTN‐mediated long‐term memory (LTM) loss and cell apoptosis, thus improving memory formation and neuronal cell survival in the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) rat model. SHR rats were treated with bioactive peptide IF (10 mg/kg orally) and angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors (5 mg/kg orally). In this study, we evaluated the molecular expression levels of BDNF‐, GluR1‐, and CREB‐mediated markers protein expression in 24‐week‐old SHR rats. The study result showed that HTN‐induced AD regulated long‐term memory (LTM) loss and neuronal degeneration in the SHR animals. The bioactive peptide‐treated animals showed an elevated level of survival proteins. Bioactive peptide IF activate CREB‐mediated downstream proteins to regulate synaptic plasticity and neuronal survival in the SHR rat model.
Eph receptors: the bridge linking host and virus
Authors: Wang Jia , Zheng Xiang , Peng Qiu , Zhang Xuemei , Qin Zailong 
Published: December 2019

AbstractEph (erythropoietin-producing hepatoma) receptors and Ephrin ligands constitute the largest subfamily of receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK), which were first discovered in tumors. Heretofore, Eph protein has been shown to be involved in various tumor biological behaviors including proliferation and progression. The occurrence of specific types of tumor is closely related to the virus infection. Virus entry is a complex process characterized by a series of events. The entry into target cells is an essential step for virus to cause diseases, which requires the fusion of the viral envelope and host cellular membrane mediated by viral glycoproteins and cellular receptors. Integrin molecules are well known as entry receptors for most herpes viruses. However, in recent years, Eph receptors and their Ephrin ligands have been reported to be involved in virus infections. The main mechanism may be the interaction between Eph receptors and conserved viral surface glycoprotein, such as the gH/gL or gB protein of the herpesviridae. This review focuses on the relationship between Eph receptor family and virus infection that summarize the processes of viruses such as EBV, KSHV, HCV, RRV, etc., infecting target cells through Eph receptors and activating its downstream signaling pathways resulting in malignancies. Finally, we discussed the perspectives to block virus infection, prevention, and treatment of viral-related tumors via Eph receptor family.
Detecting cliques in CONGEST networks
Authors: Czumaj Artur , Konrad Christian 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe problem of detecting network structures plays a central role in distributed computing. One of the fundamental problems studied in this area is to determine whether for a given graph H, the input network contains a subgraph isomorphic to H or not. We investigate this problem for H being a clique $$K_{\ell }$$

K
ℓ

in the classical distributed model, where the communication topology is the same as the topology of the underlying network, and with limited communication bandwidth on the links. Our first and main result is a lower bound, showing that detecting $$K_{\ell }$$

K
ℓ

requires $$\varOmega (\sqrt{n} / {\mathfrak {b}})$$

Ω
(

n

/
b
)

communication rounds, for every $$4 \le \ell \le \sqrt{n}$$

4
≤
ℓ
≤

n

, and $$\varOmega (n / (\ell {\mathfrak {b}}))$$

Ω
(
n
/
(
ℓ
b
)
)

rounds for every $$\ell \ge \sqrt{n}$$

ℓ
≥

n

, where $${\mathfrak {b}}$$
b
is the bandwidth of the communication links. This result is obtained by using a reduction to the set disjointness problem in the framework of two-party communication complexity. We complement our lower bound with a two-party communication protocol for listing all cliques in the input graph, which up to constant factors communicates the same number of bits as our lower bound for $$K_4$$

K
4

detection. This demonstrates that our lower bound cannot be improved using the two-party communication framework.
A 9-year experience study of single-port micro-laparoscopic repair of pediatric inguinal hernia using a simple needle
Authors: Chen R. , Tang S. , Lu Q. , Zhang X. , Zhang W. , Chen Z. , Qi S. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Purpose
As laparoscopic techniques and equipments improve, laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair has been gaining popularity. The objective of the study was to summarize 9 years of experience using a single-port micro-laparoscopic approach to repair pediatric inguinal hernias with a simple hernia needle.

Methods
1880 children with inguinal hernias were enrolled using micro-laparoscopic surgery between June 2009 and 2018. All patients underwent high ligation surgery using a single-port micro-laparoscopic technique. The clinical data were retrospectively analyzed.

Results
All micro-laparoscopic surgeries were successfully performed in the 1880 patients, who ranged in age from 2 months to 14 years (3.66 ± 2.96 years) including 1622 males and 258 females. Among them, 1299 cases were unilateral hernias and 581 cases were bilateral hernias. The average operating time was 12.5 ± 3.5 min for a unilateral hernia and 20.5 ± 4.5 min for bilateral hernias. All patients were discharged 1–2 days after surgery, and the average length of their hospital stay was 2–4 days. Complications of knot reaction and pneumoscrotum occurred in 5 cases (0.27%) and 54 cases (2.87%), respectively, but these cases were properly managed, with no major impact on the operational outcomes. All patients were followed up for 3–65 months; there were 13 recurrent cases (0.69%).

Conclusions
Single-port micro-laparoscopic herniorrhaphy in children using a simple hernia needle is a reliable and minimally invasive procedure.