bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Three‐Dimensional Covalent‐Organic Frameworks Loaded with Highly Dispersed Ultrafine Palladium Nanoparticles as Efficient Heterogeneous Catalyst
Authors: Sun Qingzhu , Wu Chenyu , Pan Qingyan , Zhang Baijun , Liu Yamei , Lu Xiaoying , Sun Jing , Sun Lishui , Zhao Yingjie 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn this work, we exploited the notable advantages of using three‐dimensional covalent organic frameworks (3D COFs) as supports for efficiently and controllably loading Pd. Tetraphenylmethane based 3D COF (TPM‐3D‐COF‐BPY) bearing bipyridine as coordination sites was constructed. A 7‐fold interpenetrated dia structure was revealed by the aid of powder X‐ray diffraction (PXRD) and structural simulation. The unique side‐by‐side 1D channels of TPM‐3D‐COF‐BPY provide enormous easily accessible active surface areas for heterogeneous catalysis throughout the topological structure. The delicate 7‐fold interpenetration of the bipyridine linked frameworks yields discrete and widespread coordination sites and enables super‐efficient heterogeneous catalysis after metalation of nitrogen coordination sites in TPM‐3D‐COF‐BPY. As a demonstration, Pd(II) was selectively anchored to the bipyridine coordination sites in the TPM‐3D‐COF‐BPY matrix. Further reduction of Pd(II) loaded in the topological structure leads to highly dispersed ultrafine Pd nanoparticles (NPs) with an average size of 1.12 nm confined within channels of TPM‐3D‐COF‐BPY. The as‐prepared Pd@TPM‐3D‐COF‐BPY as heterogeneous catalyst exhibits excellent efficiency, stability, and recyclability in catalyzing the Suziki‐Miyaura coupling reactions reaching a 98% yield within 2 h under facile conditions.
Channel compensation multipath mitigation technique for Kalman‐Based Least Mean Square based on Kalman estimation
Authors: Li Dengao , Wang Xiaoyu , Zhao Jumin , Cheng Junbing 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn the Global Navigation Satellite System, the traditional adaptive equalization algorithm re‐captures and tracks poor performance under the multipath channel for multipath errors caused by occlusion or reflection of buildings. A channel compensation multipath mitigation technique based on Kalman‐Based Least Mean Square based (KBLMS) on Kalman estimation. First, in the tracking loop of the receiver, a KBLMS‐based delay estimation module is designed to compensate for multipath distortion on the received signal. The coefficients of the filter are adaptively adjusted using the feedback signal. Second, a line of sight best estimate block is designed to generate a control error signal in the feedback loop for adaptively updating the filter coefficients. Finally, the performance of the proposed algorithm is verified by analyzing the performance of KBLMS, Recursive Least Squares (RLSs) and Least Mean Squares (LMS) algorithms through measured data and experimental simulation. The results show that KBLMS can converge quickly in multipath channels compared with RLS and LMS, and the code tracking error and carrier tracking error are reduced by 0.1chip, 0.2 cycle and final residual error is reduced by 0.015 compared with the RLS algorithm, which is 0.035 lower than the LMS algorithm, which shows that the KBLMS algorithm can make more accurate estimation.
Reconstitution and Purification of Nucleosomes with Recombinant Histones and Purified DNA
Authors: Nodelman Ilana M. , Patel Ashok , Levendosky Robert F. , Bowman Gregory D. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractNucleosomes are substrates for a broad range of factors, including those involved in transcription or chromosome maintenance/reorganization and enzymes that covalently modify histones. Given the heterogeneous nature of nucleosomes in vivo (i.e., varying histone composition, post‐translational modifications, DNA sequence register), understanding the specificity and activities of chromatin‐interacting factors has required in vitro studies using well‐defined nucleosome substrates. Here, we provide detailed methods for large‐scale PCR preparation of DNA, assembly of nucleosomes from purified DNA and histones, and purification of DNA and mononucleosomes. Such production of well‐defined nucleosomes for biochemical and biophysical studies is key for studying numerous proteins and protein complexes that bind and/or alter nucleosomes and for revealing inherent characteristics of nucleosomes. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Large‐scale PCR amplification of DNABasic Protocol 2: DNA and nucleosome purification using a Bio‐Rad Mini Prep Cell/Prep CellBasic Protocol 3: Nucleosome reconstitution via linear gradient salt dialysis
Regulatory T cell targeting in cancer: Emerging strategies in immunotherapy
Authors: Dees Sundee , Ganesan Rajkumar , Singh Sanjaya , Grewal Iqbal S. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe adaptive immune system is modulated by an important subset of CD4+ T lymphocytes called Treg cells that function in maintaining immune homeostasis by preventing excessive immune activation. Both deficiency and overactivation of Treg cell function can result in disease pathology. While loss of Treg function can lead to autoimmunity, an overabundance of Treg activity can promote tumorigenesis. Blocking and/or depleting Tregs has emerged as a viable strategy to enhance antitumor immunity. A major limitation underlying the limited efficacy observed with Treg therapies in the clinic is lack of selective targeting, often attributed to concurrent depletion of antitumor effector T‐cell populations. Novel approaches to improve the specificity of Treg targeting in the context of cancer include the use of T‐cell receptor mimic antibodies, bispecific antibodies, and near‐infrared photoimmunotherapy. Next‐generation technology platforms and transcriptomic/computational‐based screening methods have been recently developed to identify preferential Treg targets. Herein, we highlight key advancements and challenges pertaining to the development of novel Treg targeting cancer therapeutics and discuss ongoing clinical trials evaluating next‐generation Treg therapies for solid tumors.
C(sp2)−Si Bond Functionalization through Intramolecular Activation by Alkoxides
Authors: Curpanen Sebastien , Poli Giovanni , Oble. Julie , Perez‐Luna Alejandro 
Published: December 2020

AbstractOrganosilicon reagents are invaluable tools in the hands of the modern chemist that allow accomplishing a number of synthetically useful transformations. While some are standard reactions, others are more complex transformations, such as the Brook rearrangement and its variants. This carbon‐to‐oxygen silyl migration represents a privileged method to generate transient carbanionic species well suited to undergo functionalization upon electrophilic substitution in the presence of an electrophile. This minireview focuses on recent advances in C(sp2)−Si bond functionalization through intramolecular activation by alkoxides. The key elements of reactivity will be highlighted in the introduction to allow the proper understanding of the migration process. Then, an overview of the reactivity of substrates incorporating the C(sp2)−Si motif and their synthetic applications will be provided.
Numerical simulation of the three‐dimensional dynamics of healthy and hardened red blood cells passing through a stenosed microvessel by immersed boundary‐lattice Boltzmann method
Authors: Hsieh Hann‐jeng 
Published: December 2020

AbstractRed blood cells (RBCs) infected by a malaria‐like disease can change their membrane stiffness and deformability drastically. The objective of this article is to study the three‐dimensional dynamics of healthy and hardened red blood cells passing through a stenosed microchannel in a Poiseuille flow by combining the immersed boundary and lattice Boltzmann methods. We numerically simulate the transient motion of cells of different degrees of membrane stiffness and observe that hardened cells require a longer traverse time to squeeze through the constriction. We found that, compared with a healthy cell, a hardened cell shows much less change in its bending behavior. We also analyzed the projected deformation index and the velocity profiles of the cells passing through the constricted vessel. Different values of viscosity contrast are examined and show a minor effect on the passage time and bending energy change. In addition, a previous study of the dynamics of a group of three RBCs passing through a constricted microchannel is extended to three‐dimensional in the current work.
A novel approach for optimal allocation of series FACTS device for transmission line congestion management
Authors: Sarwar Md , Siddiqui Anwar Shahzad 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe reformed electricity market structure has forced the transmission network to operate near its operational limits. Due to competition in electricity market and with increasing demand, the probability of occurrence of congestion in transmission network has also increased. This resulted in insecure operation of power system and inefficient operation of the electricity market. The main aim of this article is to achieve efficient management of congestion in terms of minimum cost of electricity. This is accomplished by optimally allocating thyristor‐controlled series capacitor (TCSC) in the system. Since flexible alternating current transmission system (FATCS) devices involve heavy installation cost, its proper allocation plays a vital role in achieving the electricity market economics. Therefore, in this article, a new sensitivity index called line flow sensitivity factor is proposed to find the optimal location of TCSC while its control parameter setting is optimally obtained with particle swarm optimization algorithm. The obtained results are validated through implementation of TCSC based on its minimum installation cost. Further, two different penalty factors for violation of system constraints are also introduced in the problem formulation to effectively consider the competitive nature of the electricity market. The proposed method is tested on IEEE 30‐bus system, IEEE 118‐bus system, and 33‐bus Indian network and the results are found to be encouraging. The performance of the optimization algorithm on different systems is also analyzed in this article.
Characterization of flavor volatile compounds in industrial stir‐frying mutton sao zi by GC‐MS, E‐nose, and physicochemical analysis
Authors: Bai Shuang , Wang Yongrui , Luo Ruiming , Ding Dan , Bai He , Shen Fei 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis study aims to investigate the flavor changes of industrial stir‐frying mutton sao zi, a mutton product popular in the northwest of China, at different stir‐frying stages. Electronic nose (E‐nose) was used to recognize mutton sao zi odors at different processing time points, and the individual volatile compounds were further identified by the solid‐phase microextraction (SPME) combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC‐MS). A total of 105 volatile compounds were detected by GC‐MS, of which 51 were major volatile compounds. Additionally, GC‐MS and E‐nose data of the samples were also correlated with the fatty acids, crude composition (moisture, fat, protein), and amino acids. The stir‐frying time and temperature may be the critical contributors to different flavors of industrial stir‐frying mutton sao zi. The signal intensities of W1S, W1W, W2S, W2W, and W3S sensors positively correlate with protein, fat, and 18 amino acids, but negatively with SFA and moisture. Hence, this study explored the flavor changes of industrial stir‐frying mutton sao zi by E‐nose and SPME‐GC‐MS for the first time, providing an insight into the industrial production and flavor control stir‐frying machine of stir‐frying mutton products with household flavor.
Ten years of enhancing neuro‐imaging genetics through meta‐analysis: An overview from the ENIGMA Genetics Working Group
Authors: Medland Sarah E. , Grasby Katrina L. , Jahanshad Neda , Painter Jodie N. , Colodro‐Conde Lucía , Bralten Janita , Hibar Derrek P. , Lind Penelope A. , Pizzagalli Fabrizio , Thomopoulos Sophia I. , Stein Jason L. , Franke Barbara , Martin Nicholas G. , Thompson Paul M. ,   ENIGMA Genetics Working Group
Published: December 2020

AbstractHere we review the motivation for creating the enhancing neuroimaging genetics through meta‐analysis (ENIGMA) Consortium and the genetic analyses undertaken by the consortium so far. We discuss the methodological challenges, findings, and future directions of the genetics working group. A major goal of the working group is tackling the reproducibility crisis affecting “candidate gene” and genome‐wide association analyses in neuroimaging. To address this, we developed harmonized analytic methods, and support their use in coordinated analyses across sites worldwide, which also makes it possible to understand heterogeneity in results across sites. These efforts have resulted in the identification of hundreds of common genomic loci robustly associated with brain structure. We have found both pleiotropic and specific genetic effects associated with brain structures, as well as genetic correlations with psychiatric and neurological diseases.
Pretreatment serum vitamin level predicts severity of radiation‐induced oral mucositis in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Chen Gaili , Jiang Huangang , Jiang Dazhen , Wu Qiuji , Li Zheng , Hua Xinying , Hu Xiaoyan , Zhao Hongli , Wang Xiaoyong , Yu Haijun , Xie Conghua , Zhong Yahua 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundRadiation‐induced mucositis (RIOM) is a common radiotherapy toxicity. We aimed to evaluate the relationship of serum vitamin status with RIOM among nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients who underwent radiotherapy.MethodsNPC patients who underwent concurrent chemoradiotherapy with available pretreatment serum vitamin values were included. Serum vitamin levels and clinical characteristics were collected. Logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic curves were conducted to explore the potential risk factors and corresponding cut‐off values for severe RIOM.ResultsTwo hundred and forty NPC patients were enrolled. Multivariate regression analysis showed that mean oral cavity radiation dose (OR = 2.042; 95% CI = 1.585‐2.630; P < .001), weekly concurrent chemotherapy (OR = 3.898; 95% CI = 1.085‐14.004; P = .037), lower serum level of vitamin B2 (OR = 0.951; 95% CI = 0.924‐0.978; P < .001), and vitamin C (OR = 0.455; 95% CI = 0.346‐0.598; P < .001) were independent risk factors for developing severe RIOM.ConclusionsThe findings of this study revealed that serum vitamin status could predict the severity of RIOM, providing a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of RIOM.
Does foreign direct investments in financial services induce financial development? Lessons from emerging economies
Authors: P Jithin , M Suresh Babu 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe employ panel Vector Error Correction Models (VECM) and cointegration framework to identify the existence and direction of the causal association between foreign direct investment (FDI) in financial services and financial development for 26 emerging economies for the period 2003–2015. Our results show that there exists a long‐run cointegrating relationship between financial development and FDI in financial services after incorporating the extent of heterogeneity among emerging economies. We find long run unidirectional causality from financial development to financial services FDI. Using fully modified OLS (FMOLS) estimation, we estimate the long run elasticities between financial services FDI and financial development. Our results show that financial development has a positive and significant impact on FDI in financial services, which implies that a country with well‐developed financial markets tend to attract larger amounts of FDI in financial services.
Diagnostic performance of biomarkers in maternal sepsis: A prospective observational study
Authors: Katoch Tanvi , Singh Anju , Suri Vanita , Sethi Sunil , Sachdeva Naresh , Naseem Shano 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectivesMaternal sepsis is a life‐threatening condition. Biomarkers have been found to be useful in early detection of sepsis in the critical care setting. We aimed to determine the diagnostic performance of different biomarkers such as procalcitonin, C‐reactive protein (CRP), absolute eosinophil count, and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) in maternal sepsis.MethodsA total of 35 patients were enrolled in this prospective observational study. Patients with suspected sepsis were evaluated for multi‐organ dysfunction. The blood samples for testing of these biomarker levels were obtained at the time of enrollment in the study (day 1), and on day 3 and day 7. Trends of each marker were followed and correlated with the clinical picture.ResultsOf 35 enrolled patients, 30 completed the study. Among these, 18 had sepsis and 12 were designated as without sepsis. Sensitivities of procalcitonin, CRP, aPTT, and absolute eosinophil count were 83.33%, 77.78%, 55.56%, and 58.82% whereas their specificities were 66.67%, 75.0%, 100%, and 75%, respectively. Area under the curve was highest for procalcitonin (0.813) followed in decreasing order by CRP (0.778), aPTT (0.731), and eosinophil count (0.642), respectively.ConclusionProcalcitonin and CRP may be used as a valuable adjunct in the clinical stepwise approach for the prompt diagnosis of maternal sepsis.
Association between obstetric and medical risk factors and stillbirths in a low‐income urban setting
Authors: Gwako George N. , Obimbo Moses M. , Gichangi Peter B. , Kinuthia John , Gachuno Onesmus W. , Were Fredrick 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the association between obstetric and medical risk factors and stillbirths in a Kenyan set‐up.MethodsA case‐control study was conducted in four hospitals between August 2018 and April 2019. Two hundred and fourteen women with stillbirths and 428 with live births at more than >28 weeks of gestation were enrolled. Data collection was via interviews and abstraction from medical records. Outcome variables were stillbirth and live birth; exposure variables were sociodemographic characteristics, and medical and obstetric factors. The two‐sample t test and χ2 test were used to compare continuous and categorical variables respectively. The association between the exposure and outcome variable was done using logistic regression. A P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsStillbirth was associated with pre‐eclampsia without severe features (odds ratio [OR] 9.1, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.6–32.5), pre‐eclampsia with severe features (OR 7.4, 95% CI 2.4–22.8); eclampsia (OR 9.2, 95% CI 2.6–32.5), placenta previa (OR 8.6 95% CI 2.8–25.9), placental abruption (OR 6.9 95% CI 2.2–21.3), preterm delivery(OR 9.5, 95% CI 5.7–16), and gestational diabetes mellitus, (OR 11.5, 95% CI 2.5–52.6). Stillbirth was not associated with multiparity, anemia, and HIV.ConclusionProper antepartum care and surveillance to identify and manage medical and obstetric conditions with the potential to cause stillbirth are recommended.
Feasibility of training service providers on the AMBIANCE‐Brief measure for use in community settings
Authors: Madigan Sheri , Eirich Rachel , Racine Nicole , Borland‐Kerr Catherine , Cooke Jessica E. , Devereux Chloe , Plamondon André R. , Tarabulsy George M. , Cyr Chantal , Haltigan John D. , Bohr Yvonne , Bronfman Elisa , Lyons‐Ruth Karlen 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACTThe Atypical Maternal Behavior Instrument for Assessment and Classification—Brief (AMBIANCE‐Brief) was developed to provide a clinically useful and psychometrically sound assessment of disrupted parenting behavior for community practitioners. With prior evidence of this tool's reliability and validity in laboratory settings, this study aimed to determine whether providers from family service agencies could become reliable in the use of the level of disrupted communication following a brief training. Providers (N = 46) from three agency sites participated in a 2‐day AMBIANCE‐Brief training and, at the end of the training, coded eight videotaped mother–child interactions. Novice participant coding was compared to expert consensus ratings using intraclass correlations. On average, participants’ interrater agreement was good (ICCmean = .84, SD = 0.10), with 89% meeting the reliability standards of ICC ≥ .70. In response to queries, 100% of participants indicated that they would recommend the AMBIANCE‐Brief training to their colleagues, 85% reported that the AMBIANCE‐Brief measure would be useful or very useful for their clinical practice, and 56% of participant clinicians believed that parents would find the measure acceptable or very acceptable for integration into intervention or support planning. Altogether, these findings speak to the feasibility of using the AMBIANCE‐Brief in community settings. Future studies are needed in diverse clinical and community contexts to evaluate whether use of this assessment tool can inform more targeted interventions tailored to the specific needs of families.
Characterizing components of and attendance at resident‐driven Housing First programming in the context of community‐based participatory research
Authors: Collins Susan E. , Goldstein Silvi C. , King Victorio L. , Orfaly Victoria E. , Gu Jingyan , Clark Alex , Vess Alexander , Lee Gary , Taylor Emily M. , Fentress Taurmini , Braid Ashley K. , Clifasefi Seema L. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAimsThis secondary study characterized components of and engagement in the life‐enhancing alcohol‐management program (LEAP), which is resident‐driven housing first programming.MethodsWe used a process akin to conventional content analysis to operationalize the LEAP according to its component activities. We used generalized linear modeling to identify predictors of LEAP activity participation and to predict alcohol and quality‐of‐life outcomes from participation in specific LEAP activities categories.ResultsOverall, 86% of participants attended at least one LEAP activity, which comprised three categories: administrative leadership opportunities, meaningful activities, and pathways to recovery. Employment status alone predicted LEAP activity attendance: Employed residents attended 88% fewer LEAP activities than unemployed residents. Participants who sought out more pathways to recovery activities were more likely daily drinkers and more impacted by alcohol‐related harm. Those engaging in administrative leadership opportunities were overall less impacted by alcohol use and had a higher quality of life generally, and their alcohol outcomes further improved over time.ConclusionsProgramming developed with Housing First residents was well‐attended but could be made more inclusive by including evening programming to accommodate residents employed full time and engaging more severely impacted participants in administrative leadership activities, where the greatest benefits of programming were seen.