bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does the method of administering fluids matter for contrast‐induced nephropathy? REMEDIAL III compares LVEDP versus urine flow‐guided hydration
Authors: Grines Cindy L. , Marshall J. Jeffrey 
Published: April 2020

Key Points
Contrast‐induced nephropathy (CIN) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among patients undergoing angiographic procedures.
Limiting contrast dose and administration of intravenous normal saline appear to be the best approaches to reducing CIN, but the timing, dose, and duration of optimal hydration is poorly understood.
The REMEDIAL III trial protocol outlines two different targeted hydration regimens (guided either by continuous measurement of urine output or by initial left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP), and 700 patients at high risk of CIN will be randomized.
Editorial on coronary artery fistulae
Authors: Tobis Jonathan M. 
Published: April 2020

Key Points
Over 21 years, 26 coronary artery fistulae were treated percutaneously, and 21 (81%) were successful.
There is still much to be learned about the physiology of coronary fistulae.
Transcatheter methods have improved over the years and permit a high success rate, but some cases still require a surgical approach.
Preclinical comparative assessment of a dedicated pediatric poly‐L‐lactic‐acid‐based bioresorbable scaffold with a low‐profile bare metal stent
Authors: Shibbani Kamel , De Lima e Silva Bagno Luiza , Poulin Marie‐France , Matella Thomas , Diab Karim , Kavinsky Clifford , Ramesh Nagarajan , Bhat Vinayak , Hijazi Ziyad M. , Kenny Damien 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundPolymer‐based bioresorbable scaffolds (PBBS) have been assessed for coronary revascularization with mixed outcomes. Few studies have targeted pediatric‐specific scaffolds. We sought to assess safety, efficacy, and short‐term performance of a dedicated drug‐free PBBS pediatric scaffold compared to a standard low‐profile bare metal stent (BMS) in central and peripheral arteries of weaned piglets.MethodsForty‐two devices (22 Elixir poly‐L‐lactic‐acid‐based pediatric bioresorbable scaffolds [BRS] [6 × 18 mm] and 20 control BMS Cook Formula 418 [6 × 20 mm]) were implanted in the descending aorta and pulmonary arteries (PAs) of 14 female Yucatan piglets. Quantitative measurements were collected on the day of device deployment and 30 and 90 days postimplantation to compare device patency and integrity.ResultsThe BRS has a comparable safety profile to the BMS in the acute setting. Late lumen loss (LLL) and percent diameter stenosis (%DS) were not significantly different between BRS and BMS in the PA at 30 days. LLL and %DS were greater for BRS versus BMS in the aorta at 30 days postimplantation (LLL difference: 0.96 ± 0.26; %DS difference: 16.15 ± 4.51; p < .05). At 90 days, %DS in the aortic BRS was less, and PA BRS LLL was also less than BMS. Histomorphometric data showed greater intimal proliferation and area stenosis in the BRS at all time points and in all vessels.ConclusionsA dedicated PBBS pediatric BRS has a favorable safety profile in the acute/subacute setting and demonstrates characteristics that are consistent with adult BRSs.
Cotton Cloth‐Induced Flexible Hierarchical Carbon Film for Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zhang Xixue , Wan Yanhua , Yang Kaiwei , Song Keming , Mi Liwei , Zheng Guoqiang , Feng Xiangming , Chen Weihua 
Published: April 2020

AbstractFlexible substrates play a decisive effect on the functions of flexible energy storage devices. However, systematical investigation and understanding of often‐used flexible carbon‐based substrates is lack. In this work, a reliable cotton cloth induced flexible hierarchical carbon film is facilely obtained. The synthesized‐carbonized cotton cloth (SCC) owns distinctive carbon nature with perfect order level and defects, unique porous microstructure, and crosslinked‐network. The SCC exhibits favorable flexibility, fast kinetics, high structural and electrochemical durability with high performance (239.4 mAh g−1 and 155.2 mAh g−1 at 0.01 A g−1 in the ether‐ and ester‐based electrolyte in sodium‐ion batteries, respectively), superior to commonly‐used commercial carbon cloth and graphene film. In addition, the predominant surface‐controlled reaction mechanism, effective solid electrolyte interphase and favorable compatible features with different electrolytes are also intensively studied.
Heavy‐Atom Tunneling in Semibullvalenes: How Driving Force, Substituents, and Environment Influence the Tunneling Rates
Authors: Schleif Tim , Tatchen Jörg , Rowen Julien F. , Beyer Frederike , Sanchez‐Garcia Elsa , Sander Wolfram 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe Cope rearrangement of selectively deuterated isotopomers of 1,5‐dimethylsemibullvalene 2 a and 3,7‐dicyano‐1,5‐dimethylsemibullvalene 2 b were studied in cryogenic matrices. In both semibullvalenes the Cope rearrangement is governed by heavy‐atom tunneling. The driving force for the rearrangements is the small difference in the zero‐point vibrational energies of the isotopomers. To evaluate the effect of the driving force on the tunneling probability in 2 a and 2 b, two different pairs of isotopomers were studied for each of the semibullvalenes. The reaction rates for the rearrangement of 2 b in cryogenic matrices were found to be smaller than the ones of 2 a under similar conditions, whereas differences in the driving force do not influence the rates. Small curvature tunneling (SCT) calculations suggest that the reduced tunneling rate of 2 b compared to that of 2 a results from a change in the shape of the potential energy barrier. The tunneling probability of the semibullvalenes strongly depends on the matrix environment; however, for 2 a in a qualitatively different way than for 2 b.
Electroactive Organic Building Blocks for the Chemical Design of Functional Porous Frameworks (MOFs and COFs) in Electronics
Authors: Souto Manuel , Strutyński Karol , Melle‐Franco Manuel , Rocha João 
Published: April 2020

AbstractElectroactive organic molecules have received a lot of attention in the field of electronics because of their fascinating electronic properties, easy functionalization and potential low cost towards their implementation in electronic devices. In recent years, electroactive organic molecules have also emerged as promising building blocks for the design and construction of crystalline porous frameworks such as metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent‐organic frameworks (COFs) for applications in electronics. Such porous materials present certain additional advantages such as, for example, an immense structural and functional versatility, combination of porosity with multiple electronic properties and the possibility of tuning their physical properties by post‐synthetic modifications. In this Review, we summarize the main electroactive organic building blocks used in the past few years for the design and construction of functional porous materials (MOFs and COFs) for electronics with special emphasis on their electronic structure and function relationships. The different building blocks have been classified based on the electronic nature and main function of the resulting porous frameworks. The design and synthesis of novel electroactive organic molecules is encouraged towards the construction of functional porous frameworks exhibiting new functions and applications in electronics.
Fluorescent Arylphosphonic Acids: Synergic Interactions between Bone and the Fluorescent Core
Authors: Zorlu Yunus , Brown Connor , Keil Claudia , Ayhan M. Menaf , Haase Hajo , Thompson Richard B. , Lengyel Imre , Yücesan Gündoğ 
Published: April 2020

AbstractHerein, we report the third generation of fluorescent probes (arylphosphonic acids) to target calcifications, particularly hydroxyapatite (HAP). In this study, we use highly conjugated porphyrin‐based arylphosphonic acids and their diesters, namely 5,10,15,20‐tetrakis[m‐(diethoxyphosphoryl)phenyl]porphyrin (m‐H8TPPA‐OEt8) and 5,10,15,20‐tetrakis [m‐phenylphosphonic acid]porphyrin (m‐H8TPPA), in comparison with their positional isomers 5,10,15,20‐tetrakis[p‐(diisopropoxyphosphoryl)phenyl]porphyrin (p‐H8TPPA‐iPr8) and 5,10,15,20‐tetrakis [p‐phenylphosphonic acid]porphyrin (p‐H8TPPA), which have phosphonic acid units bonded to sp2 carbon atoms of the fluorescent core. The conjugation of the fluorescent core is thus extended to the (HAP) through sp2‐bonded −PO3H2 units, which generates increased fluorescence upon HAP binding. The resulting fluorescent probes are highly sensitive towards the HAP in rat bone sections. The designed probes are readily taken up by cells. Due to the lower reported toxicity of (p‐H8TPPA), these probes could find applications in monitoring bone resorption or adsorption, or imaging vascular or soft tissue calcifications for breast cancer diagnosis etc.
Graphdiyne Micromotors in Living Biomedia
Authors: Yuan Kaisong , de la Asunción‐Nadal Victor , Li Yuliang , Jurado‐Sánchez Beatriz , Escarpa Alberto 
Published: April 2020

AbstractGraphdiyne (GDY), a new kind of two‐dimensional (2D) material, was combined with micromotor technology for “on‐the‐fly” operations in complex biomedia. Microtubular structures were prepared by template deposition on membrane templates, resulting in functional structures rich in sp and sp2 carbons with highly conjugated π networks. This resulted in a highly increased surface area for a higher loading of anticancer drugs or enhanced quenching ability over other 2D based micromotors, such as graphene oxide (GO) or smooth tubular micromotors. High biocompatibility with almost 100 % cell viability was observed in cytotoxicity assays with moving micromotors in the presence of HeLa cells. On a first example, GDY micromotors loaded with doxorubicin (DOX) were used for pH responsive release and HeLa cancer cells killing. The use of affinity peptide engineered GDY micromotors was also illustrated for highly sensitive and selective fluorescent OFF–ON detection of cholera toxin B through specific recognition of the subunit B region of the target toxin. The new developments illustrated here offer considerable promise for the use of GDY as part of micromotors in living biosystems.
Scalable Total Syntheses and Structure–Activity Relationships of Haouamines A, B, and Their Derivatives as Stable Formate Salts
Authors: Tsukamoto Hirokazu , Nakamura Saki , Tomida Akito , Doi Takayuki 
Published: April 2020

AbstractHaouamines A, B, and their derivatives were synthesized via Suzuki–Miyaura coupling and three key cyclization reactions as follows: the newly developed palladium(0)‐catalyzed arylative cyclization of phenylalanine‐derived alkyne–aldehydes with 2‐bromoarylboronic acid (an “anti‐Wacker”‐type cyclization); BF3⋅OEt2‐promoted Friedel–Crafts‐type cyclization of symmetrical electron‐rich aromatic rings adjacent to a tertiary allylic alcohol leading to the indeno‐tetrahydropyridine skeleton; and (cyanomethyl)trimethylphosphonium iodide‐mediated macrocyclization of amino alcohols to afford aza‐paracyclophane precursors. The palladium‐catalyzed reduction of mono‐ and di‐triflate intermediates in the later stages enabled the alteration of both the position and number of hydroxyl groups on the C‐ring. The instability of haouamine B was dramatically improved by salt formation with formic acid. An unambiguous evaluation of the cytotoxicity of the prepared haouamine derivative formates with and without hydroxyl groups at different positions on the C‐ring indicated that the catechol structure in haouamine B produced weak cytotoxicity.
Chimeric antigen receptor‐modified T‐cell therapy for platelet‐derived growth factor receptor α‐positive rhabdomyosarcoma
Authors: Xiao Wei , Wang Jinghua , Wen Xizhi , Xu Bushu , Que Yi , Yu Kuai , Xu Liping , Zhao Jingjing , Pan Qiuzhong , Zhou Penghui , Zhang Xing 
Published: April 2020

BackgroundNew immunotherapeutic approaches are urgently needed for metastatic rhabdomyosarcoma, which is associated with poor survival and unsatisfactory treatment outcomes. Platelet‐derived growth factor receptor α (PDGFRA) plays an essential role in the onset and development of rhabdomyosarcoma and is a new potential therapeutic target for rhabdomyosarcoma. The objective of this study was to generate humanized PDGFRA single‐chain variable fragment‐based chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)‐modified T cells (CAR‐T cells) against PDGFRA‐positive rhabdomyosarcoma.MethodsPDGFRA antigen expression was evaluated in specimens from patients with rhabdomyosarcoma. CAR‐T cells containing a PDGFRA‐specific single‐chain variable fragment was developed in combination with a 4‐1BB costimulatory domain and a CD3‐ζ signaling domain. Specific cytotoxic effects of PDGFRA CAR‐T cells, T‐cell proliferation, and cytokine secretion were investigated in vitro and in vivo.ResultsPDGFRA CAR‐T cells produced large amounts of immune‐promoting cytokines, including interleukin 2, tumor necrosis factor α, and interferon γ, and exhibited efficient cytotoxic activity toward human PDGFRA‐overexpressing rhabdomyosarcoma cells in vitro. In a subcutaneous xenograft model, CAR‐T cells were more effective against PDGFRA‐overexpressing rhabdomyosarcoma than against rhabdomyosarcoma with low PDGFRA expression in terms of tumor regression and patient survival. Expanded CAR‐T cells also were detected in peripheral blood.ConclusionsThe current study demonstrates for the first time that the PDGFRA antigen is a promising target for CAR‐T–cell therapy in rhabdomyosarcoma and likely in a wide spectrum of other PDGFRA‐expressing cancers.
Differences in behavior between surface and cave Astyanax mexicanus may be mediated by changes in catecholamine signaling
Authors: Gallman Kathryn , Fortune Eric , Rivera Daihana , Soares Daphne 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAstyanax mexicanus is a teleost fish that is in the process of allopatric speciation. Ancestral Astyanax are found in surface rivers and derived blind forms are found in cave systems. Adaptation to life in nutrient poor caves without predation includes the evolution of enhanced food seeking behaviors and loss of defensive responses. These behavioral adaptations may be mediated by changes in catecholaminergic control systems in the brain. We examined the distribution of tyrosine hydroxylase, a conserved precursor for the synthesis of the catecholamines dopamine and noradrenaline, in the brains of surface and cave Astyanax using immunohistochemistry. We found differences in tyrosine hydroxylase staining in regions that are associated with nonvisual sensory perception, motor control, endocrine release, and attention. These differences included significant increases in the diameters of tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactive soma in cave Astyanax in the olfactory bulb, basal telencephalon, preoptic nuclei, ventral thalamus, posterior tuberculum, and locus coeruleus. These increases in modulation by dopamine and noradrenaline likely indicate changes in behavioral control that underlie adaptations to the cave environment.
Gas‐Phase Synthesis of 3‐Vinylcyclopropene via the Crossed Beam Reaction of the Methylidyne Radical (CH; X2Π) with 1,3‐Butadiene (CH2CHCHCH2; X1Ag)
Authors: He Chao , Zhao Long , Doddipatla Srinivas , Thomas Aaron M. , Nikolayev Anatoliy A. , Galimova Galiya R. , Azyazov Valeriy N. , Mebel Alexander M. , Kaiser Ralf I. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe crossed molecular beam reactions of the methylidyne radical (CH; X2Π) with 1,3‐butadiene (CH2CHCHCH2; X1Ag) along with their (partially) deuterated counterparts were performed at collision energies of 20.8 kJ mol−1 under single collision conditions. Combining our laboratory data with ab initio calculations, we reveal that the methylidyne radical may add barrierlessly to the terminal carbon atom and/or carbon−carbon double bond of 1,3‐butadiene, leading to doublet C5H7 intermediates with life times longer than the rotation periods. These collision complexes undergo non‐statistical unimolecular decomposition through hydrogen atom emission yielding the cyclic cis‐ and trans‐3‐vinyl‐cyclopropene products with reaction exoergicities of 119±42 kJ mol−1. Since this reaction is barrierless, exoergic, and all transition states are located below the energy of the separated reactants, these cyclic C5H6 products are predicted to be accessed even in low‐temperature environments, such as in hydrocarbon‐rich atmospheres of planets and cold molecular clouds such as TMC‐1.
Oxidative Catalysis by TAMLs: Obtaining Rate Constants for Non‐Absorbing Targets by UV‐Vis Spectroscopy
Authors: Somasundar Yogesh , Lu Iris C. , Mills Matthew R. , Qian Lisa Y. , Olivares Ximena , Ryabov Alexander D. , Collins Terrence J. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractUnderstanding the catalysis of oxidative reactions by TAML activators of peroxides, i. e. iron(III) complexes of tetraamide macrocyclic ligands, advocated a spectrophotometric procedure for quantifying the catalytic activity of TAMLs for colorless targets (kII′, M−1 s−1), which is incomparably more advantageous in terms of time, cost, energy, and ecology than NMR, HPLC, UPLC, GC‐MS and other similar techniques. Dyes Orange II or Safranin O (S) are catalytically bleached by non‐excessive amount of H2O2 in the presence of colorless substrates (S1) according to the rate law: −d[S]/dt=kIkII[H2O2][S][TAML]/(kI[H2O2]+kII[S]+kII′[S1]). The bleaching rate is thus a descending hyperbolic function of S1 : v=ab/(b+[S1]). Values of kII′ found from a and b for phenol and propranolol with commonly used TAML [FeIII{o,o′‐C6H4(NCONMe2CO)2CMe2}2(OH2)]+ are consistent with those for S1 (phenol, propranolol) obtained directly by UPLC. The study sends vital messages to enzymologists and environmentalists.
An Ionic Liquid on a Porous Organic Framework Support: A Recyclable Catalyst for the Knoevenagel Condensation in an Aqueous System
Authors: Chen Peng , Zhang Lei , Sun Jin‐Shi , Xiao En‐Kai , Wu Xian‐Tao , Zhu Guangshan 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPorous aromatic frameworks (PAFs) that feature a high density of phenyl rings in their robust frameworks are attractive platforms for catalysis because of their extremely high stability, high surface area, and adjustable pore size. In this paper, two PAF‐supported ionic liquids were constructed by introducing ionic liquid units onto the framework of a PAF material PAF‐111 using a series of stepwise post‐synthetic modifications. The basic PAF‐supported ionic liquid with a hydroxy anion exhibited high catalytic activity and high stability, and could undergo at least 10 cycles without any activity loss when catalyzing Knoevenagel condensation reaction under aqueous conditions. It is expected that our study will further promote the development of designing and applying functional PAF materials for catalysis in aqueous systems.
Europium(III) Macrocyclic Chelates Appended with Tyrosine‐based Chromophores and Di‐(2‐picolyl)amine‐based Receptors: Turn‐On Luminescent Chemosensors Selective to Zinc(II) Ions
Authors: Wang Gaoji , Platas‐Iglesias Carlos , Angelovski Goran 
Published: April 2020

AbstractInvited for this month's cover are the collaborating groups of Dr. Goran Angelovski from the Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics in Tuebingen, Germany and Prof. Carlos Platas‐Iglesias from Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA) and Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, A Coruña, Spain. The cover image shows chameleon‐like molecules whose luminescence emission can be enhanced selectively and strongly by the coordination of zinc(II) ions. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/cplu.201900731.
A novel hybrid control technique for bifurcation in an exponential RED algorithm
Authors: Yuan Jun , Zhao Lingzhi , Huang Chengdai , Xiao Min 
Published: April 2020

SummaryThis paper introduces a new hybrid control strategy to control the bifurcation of the delayed congestion model. The delay or gain is taken as the bifurcation parameter to analyze the characteristic root distribution of the linearized system. The stability and existence conditions of Hopf bifurcation are obtained. The results show that by selecting the appropriate method, the dynamics of the controlled system can be changed, and the nonzero equilibrium constant control parameters are maintained. It reveals that when such bifurcation is undesirable or desirable, the hybrid controller can delay or advance the onset of the intrinsic bifurcation. Finally, the case study illustrates and visualizes the effectiveness of the new control strategy in controlling Hopf bifurcation.
A charge‐sharing analog‐to‐digital converter with embedded downconversion using a variable reference voltage
Authors: Pereira Nuno , Goes João 
Published: April 2020

SummaryIn the field of radio receivers, downconversion methods usually rely on one (or more) explicit mixing stage(s) before the analog‐to‐digital converter (ADC). These stages not only contribute to the overall power consumption but also have an impact on area and can compromise the converter's performance in terms of noise and linearity. As an alternative, we propose a receiver architecture that considers the ADC as both a quantizer and a downconverter block. This is achieved through the use of a variable reference signal (in this case, a voltage), as opposed to classic time‐invariant reference signals. When embedded into a charge‐sharing (CS) successive approximation register (SAR) ADC, this varying reference voltage is “saved” in the digital‐to‐analog converter (DAC) capacitor bank during the sampling phase, preventing any conversion errors. Furthermore, a phase‐locked loop (PLL) is used in order to provide an on‐chip solution for the generation of this variable reference voltage, which also removes the need for dedicated bandgap circuits and reference buffers. Post‐layout simulations of an 8‐bit 50 MS/s CS‐SAR ADC show that the proposed “embedded mixing” technique is able to downconvert a high‐frequency signal while also increasing the effective resolution by around 0.5 bits, when compared with a standard DC reference voltage.
The limit of resistance to salinity in the freshwater cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa is modulated by the rate of salinity increase
Authors: Melero‐Jiménez Ignacio José , Martín‐Clemente Elena , García‐Sánchez María Jesús , Bañares‐España Elena , Flores‐Moya Antonio 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe overall mean levels of different environmental variables are changing rapidly in the present Anthropocene, in some cases creating lethal conditions for organisms. Under this new scenario, it is crucial to know whether the adaptive potential of organisms allows their survival under different rates of environmental change. Here, we used an eco‐evolutionary approach, based on a ratchet protocol, to investigate the effect of environmental change rate on the limit of resistance to salinity of three strains of the toxic cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa. Specifically, we performed two ratchet experiments in order to simulate two scenarios of environmental change. In the first scenario, the salinity increase rate was slow (1.5‐fold increase), while in the second scenario, the rate was faster (threefold increase). Salinity concentrations ranging 7–10 gL‐1 NaCl (depending on the strain) inhibited growth completely. However, when performing the ratchet experiment, an increase in salinity resistance (9.1–13.6 gL‐1 NaCl) was observed in certain populations. The results showed that the limit of resistance to salinity that M. aeruginosa strains were able to reach depended on the strain and on the rate of environmental change. In particular, a higher number of populations were able to grow under their initial lethal salinity levels when the rate of salinity increment was slow. In future scenarios of increased salinity in natural freshwater bodies, this could have toxicological implications due to the production of microcystin by this species.