bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In Vitro Digestibility and Predicted Glycemic Index of Chemically Modified Rice Starch by One‐Step Reactive Extrusion
Authors: Cai Canxin , Tian Yaoqi , Yu Zhiwei , Sun Chunrui , Jin Zhengyu 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe in vitro digestibility of chemically modified rice starch by one‐step reactive extrusion (REX) via esterification, acetylation, hydroxypropylation, and cross‐linking or dual‐modification (hydroxypropylation‐cross‐linking and acetylation‐cross‐linking) is investigated. After REX processing, pasting viscosity is decreased, while the viscosity of esterification samples is lower than that of cross‐linking samples. Molecular structure analysis suggests that the degradation of starch molecules is retarded by esterification whereas enhanced by cross‐linking. Dual modification (hydroxypropylation and phosphorylation, hydroxypropylation‐cross‐linking (HP‐CL) sample) involving hydroxypropylation and phosphorylation (HP‐CL sample) is more conducive to preventing enzyme hydrolysis than the other modifications. HP‐CL sample achieves the lowest predicted glycemic index (pGI) value (88.1) and the highest RS content (15.3%). Thus, the one‐step REX is a useful method for reducing rice starch digestibility or pGI value.
Mixed‐charge bionanointerfaces: Opposite charges work in harmony to meet the challenges in biomedical applications
Authors: Li Huan , Li Xu , Ji Jian 
Published: November 2019

AbstractUnderstanding and regulation of the interfaces formed between materials and biological systems has been considered as one of the major tasks in nanotechnology, as the bionanointerfaces often exert profound effects on the fates and therapeutic outcomes of nanomaterials. In the last decades, materials with mixed‐charge surfaces have witnessed fast development. The oppositely charged units on the materials' surface could work in a charge balanced way or a charge biased way, which offers much more possibilities to the bionanointerfaces than materials with singly charged surface. It has been found out that mixed‐charge residues could bring about functionalities such as antifouling ability, pH‐sensitivity, self‐assemble propensity, thermal sensitivity, and so on. In this review, recent advances in developing mixed‐charge bionanointerfaces would be carefully overviewed and the potential applications and challenges of mixed‐charge materials in biomedical field will be discussed.This article is categorized under:
Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies
Biology‐Inspired Nanomaterials > Protein and Virus‐Based Structures
Exponential Decay of Truncated Correlations for the Ising Model in any Dimension for all but the Critical Temperature
Authors: Duminil-Copin Hugo , Goswami Subhajit , Raoufi Aran 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe truncated two-point function of the ferromagnetic Ising model on$${\mathbb {Z}}^d$$Zd($$d\ge 3$$d≥3) in its pure phases is proven to decay exponentially fast throughout the ordered regime ($$\beta >\beta _c$$β>βcand$$h=0$$h=0). Together with the previously known results, this implies that the exponential clustering property holds throughout the model’s phase diagram except for the critical point:$$(\beta ,h) = (\beta _c,0)$$(β,h)=(βc,0).
Biorecovery of cobalt and nickel using biomass-free culture supernatants from Aspergillus niger
Authors: Yang Yuyi , Song Wenjuan , Ferrier John , Liu Feixue , Csetenyi Laszlo , Gadd Geoffrey Michael 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn this research, the capabilities of culture supernatants generated by the oxalate-producing fungus Aspergillus niger for the bioprecipitation and biorecovery of cobalt and nickel were investigated, as was the influence of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) on these processes. The removal of cobalt from solution was >90% for all tested Co concentrations: maximal nickel recovery was >80%. Energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDXA) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the formation of cobalt and nickel oxalate. In a mixture of cobalt and nickel, cobalt oxalate appeared to predominate precipitation and was dependent on the mixture ratios of the two metals. The presence of EPS together with oxalate in solution decreased the recovery of nickel but did not influence the recovery of cobalt. Concentrations of extracellular protein showed a significant decrease after precipitation while no significant difference was found for extracellular polysaccharide concentrations before and after oxalate precipitation. These results showed that extracellular protein rather than extracellular polysaccharide played a more important role in influencing the biorecovery of metal oxalates from solution. Excitation–emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence spectroscopy showed that aromatic protein-like and hydrophobic acid-like substances from the EPS complexed with cobalt but did not for nickel. The humic acid-like substances from the EPS showed a higher affinity for cobalt than for nickel.
Male and female inheritance patterns in tetraploid ‘Moncada’ mandarin
Authors: Garavello Miguel , Cuenca José , Garcia-Lor Andrés , Ortega Neus , Navarro Luis , Ollitrault Patrick , Aleza Pablo 
Published: November 2019

AbstractKey messageTetraploid `Moncada´ mandarin, used as male and female in interploidy hybridizations, displays mainly tetrasomic inheritance for most LGs, with slight variations according to the direction of the crossing.AbstractTriploid-breeding programs in citrus are key tool to develop seedless cultivars. Obtaining triploid citrus hybrids may be achieved through different strategies, such as the exploitation of female unreduced gamete in crosses between diploid parents and diploid by tetraploid sexual hybridizations, in which tetraploid genotypes can be used as male or female parents. Genetic configuration of triploid populations from interploid crosses greatly depends on the chromosomic segregation mode of the tetraploid parent used. Here, we have analyzed the inheritance of the tetraploid ‘Moncada’ mandarin and compared the genetic structures of the resulting gametes when used as male and as female parent. The preferential chromosome pairing rate is calculated from the parental heterozygosity restitution (PHR) of codominant molecular markers, indicating the proportion between disomic and tetrasomic segregation. Tetraploid ‘Moncada’ both as female and male parent largely exhibited tetrasomic segregation. However, as female parent, one linkage group (LG8) showed intermediate segregation with tendency towards tetrasomic inheritance, while another linkage group (LG4) evidenced a clear intermediate segregation. On the other hand, when used as male parent two linkage groups (LG5 and LG6) showed values that fit an intermediate inheritance model with tetrasomic tendency. Significant doubled reduction (DR) rates were observed in five linkage groups as female parent, and in six linkage groups as male parent. The new knowledge generated here will serve to define crossing strategies in citrus improvement programs to efficiently obtain new varieties of interest in the global fresh consumption market.
Budget impact of botulinum toxin treatment for spasticity after stroke — a German perspective
Authors: Neusser Silke , Kreuzenbeck Cordula , Pahmeier Kathrin , Lux Beate , Wilke Alexander , Wasem Jürgen , Neumann Anja 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Aim
Botulinum toxin agents can improve the quality of life of patients with post-stroke upper limb spasticity (ULS) and are recommended by international and German guidelines. However, health-services research indicates an underuse of botulinum toxin agents in this patient group. The study aims to clarify the budget impact of treatment with botulinum toxin agents according to the guidelines for all eligible patients with ULS in Germany compared to usual care.

Methods
The budgetary impact for the statutory health insurance system was estimated by calculating a Markov cohort model with a timeframe of 5 years comparing three treatment options. Four health states were included. The base-case analysis compares standard doses of two botulinum toxin agents to usual care. The model accounts for direct medical costs. Sensitivity analyses vary doses of botulinum toxin agents and prevalence of spasticity after stroke.

Results
In the base case, both botulinum toxin agents lead to increased costs compared to usual care. Treatment with Dysport® (cumulative costs for the 5-year period: €280,321,317) is less expensive than the treatment with Xeomin® (€377,511,529). Cumulative costs over 5 years in usual care are €61,306,062.

Conclusion
The botulinum toxin therapy is associated with additional costs, but an increased use of botulinum toxin would be consistent with guideline-based therapy. In particular, it has to be considered that spasticity as a chronic condition is accompanied by a relevant loss of quality of life. Thus, considering only the therapy costs may not be sufficient for making final therapeutic decisions.
Corrective osteotomies at the distal humerus and forearm: a practical review
Authors: Mader Konrad , Farkondeh Fal Milad , Ham John , Flipsen Mark , Nüchtern Jakob , Schlickewei-Yarar Sinef , Wintges Kristofer , Seybold Dominik , Hollinger Boris 
Published: November 2019

AbstractComplex deformities of the distal humerus and forearm of either posttraumatic or hereditary origin have a significant negative impact on the functional integrity of the affected limb. They lead to pain, instability in both the elbow and the proximal/distal radioulnar joint, and profound motion deficit. Corrective procedures and more advanced surgical interventions for the main index procedures at the proximal forearm are extremely challenging for the treating upper extremity specialist due to the complex pathoanatomy in this region. This practical review focuses on the main aspects of correcting deformities of the distal humerus (malunion and non-union), the proximal forearm (differential therapy of chronic radial dislocation in children and adolescents), and the restoration of forearm rotation using rapid prototyping templates and computerized planning as the evolving standard technique in this region. In addition to the technical aspects, focus is put on planning (conventional vs. modern computerized three-dimensional (3D) planning), on different osteotomy techniques, and the surgical armamentarium that the specialist center should have available. Finally, some light is shed on the long-term outcome that can be expected and possible complications that can occur when performing these complex corrective procedures.
Prophylactic veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in patients undergoing high-risk percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: van den Brink F. S. , Meijers T. A. , Hofma S. H. , van Boven A. J. , Nap A. , Vonk A. , Symersky P. , Sjauw K. D. , Knaapen P. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Purpose
Complex high-risk percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is challenging and frequently accompanied by haemodynamic instability. Veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) can provide cardiopulmonary support in high-risk PCI. However, the outcome is unclear.

Methods
A two-centre, retrospective study was performed of all patients undergoing high-risk PCI and receiving VA-ECMO for cardiopulmonary support.

Results
A total of 14 patients (92% male, median age 69 (53–83) years), of whom 50% had previous coronary artery disease in the form of a coronary artery bypass graft (36%) and a PCI (14%) underwent high-risk PCI and received VA-ECMO support. The main target lesion was a left main coronary artery in 78%, a left anterior descending artery in 14%, a right coronary artery in 7%, and 71% underwent multi-vessel PCI in addition to main target vessel PCI. The median SYNTAX score was 27.2 (8–42.5) and in 64% (9/14) there was a chronic total occlusion. Left ventricular function was mildly impaired in 7% (1/14), moderately impaired in 14% (2/14) and severely impaired in 64% (9/14). Cannulation was femoral-femoral in all patients. Median ECMO run was 2.57 h (1–4). Survival was 93% (13/14). One patient died during hospitalisation due to refractory cardiac failure. All other patients survived to discharge. Complications occurred in 14% (2/14), with one patient developing a transient ischaemic attack post-ECMO and one patient developing a thrombus in the femoral vein used for ECMO cannulation.

Conclusion
VA-ECMO in high-risk PCI is feasible with a good outcome. It can be successfully used for cardiopulmonary support in selected patients.
Safety and efficacy of balloon pulmonary angioplasty in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension in the Netherlands
Authors: van Thor M. C. J. , Lely R. J. , Braams N. J. , ten Klooster L. , Beijk M. A. M. , Heijmen R. H. , van den Heuvel D. A. F. , Rensing B. J. W. M. , Snijder R. J. , Vonk Noordegraaf A. , Nossent E. J. , Meijboom L. J. , Symersky P. , Mager J. J. , Bogaard H. J. , Post M. C. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background
Balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA) is an emerging treatment in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) and chronic thromboembolic disease (CTED). We describe the first safety and efficacy results of BPA in the Netherlands.

Methods
We selected all consecutive patients with inoperable CTEPH and CTED accepted for BPA treatment who had a six-month follow-up in the St. Antonius Hospital in Nieuwegein and the Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC) in Amsterdam. Functional class (FC), N‑terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), 6‑minute walking test distance (6MWD) and right-sided heart catheterisation were performed at baseline and six months after last BPA. Complications for each BPA procedure were noted.

Results
A hundred and seventy-two BPA procedures were performed in 38 patients (61% female, mean age 65 ± 15 years). Significant improvements six months after BPA treatment were observed for functional class (63% FC I/II to 90% FC I/II, p = 0.014), mean pulmonary artery pressure (−8.9 mm Hg, p = 0.0001), pulmonary vascular resistance (−2.8 Woods Units (WU), p = 0.0001), right atrial pressure (−2.0 mm Hg, p = 0.006), stroke volume index (+5.7 ml/m2, p = 0.009) and 6MWD (+48m, p = 0.007). Non-severe complications occurred in 20 (12%) procedures.

Conclusions
BPA performed in a CTEPH expert centre is an effective and safe treatment in patients with inoperable CTEPH.
Domesticated cynomolgus monkey embryonic stem cells allow the generation of neonatal interspecies chimeric pigs
Authors: Fu Rui , Yu Dawei , Ren Jilong , Li Chongyang , Wang Jing , Feng Guihai , Wang Xuepeng , Wan Haifeng , Li Tianda , Wang Libin , Zhang Ying , Hai Tang , Li Wei , Zhou Qi 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBlastocyst complementation by pluripotent stem cell (PSC) injection is believed to be the most promising method to generate xenogeneic organs. However, ethical issues prevent the study of human chimeras in the late embryonic stage of development. Primate embryonic stem cells (ESCs), which have similar pluripotency to human ESCs, are a good model for studying interspecies chimerism and organ generation. However, whether primate ESCs can be used in xenogenous grafts remains unclear. In this study, we evaluated the chimeric ability of cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis) ESCs (cmESCs) in pigs, which are excellent hosts because of their many similarities to humans. We report an optimized culture medium that enhanced the anti-apoptotic ability of cmESCs and improved the development of chimeric embryos, in which domesticated cmESCs (D-ESCs) injected into pig blastocysts differentiated into cells of all three germ layers. In addition, we obtained two neonatal interspecies chimeras, in which we observed tissue-specific D-ESC differentiation. Taken together, the results demonstrate the capability of D-ESCs to integrate and differentiate into functional cells in a porcine model, with a chimeric ratio of 0.001–0.0001 in different neonate tissues. We believe this work will facilitate future developments in xenogeneic organogenesis, bringing us one step closer to producing tissue-specific functional cells and organs in a large animal model through interspecies blastocyst complementation.
von Hippel-Lindau Disease: an Update
Authors: Maher Eamonn R , Sandford Richard N 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPurpose of ReviewIn this review, we discuss the key molecular and clinical developments in VHL disease that have the potential to impact on the natural history of the disease and improve patient outcomes.Recent FindingsIdentifiable mutations inVHLunderlie most cases of VHL and define clear genotype-phenotype correlations. Detailed clinical and molecular characterisation has allowed the implementation of lifelong screening programmes that have improved clinical outcomes. Functional characterisation of the VHL protein complex has revealed its role in oxygen sensing and the mechanisms of tumourigenesis that are now being exploited to develop novel therapies for VHL and renal cancer.SummaryThe molecular and cellular landscape of VHL-associated tumours is revealing new opportunities to modify the natural history of the disease and develop therapies. Drugs are now entering clinical trials and combined with improved clinical and molecular diagnosis, and lifelong surveillance programmes, further progress towards reducing the morbidity and mortality associated with VHL disease is anticipated.
Roles of egos’ and siblings’ perceptions of maternal favoritism in adult children’s depressive symptoms: A within-family network approach
Authors: Suitor J. Jill , Gilligan Megan , Rurka Marissa , Hou Yifei 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIt is well documented that intergenerational ties play important roles in adults’ well-being. However, most studies focus on the impact of individuals’ own perceptions of their ties without considering whether family members’ assessments of these ties affect well-being. We address this question using data from 296 adult children nested within 95 later-life families in which all offspring were interviewed. Applying a mixed-method within-family approach, we explored whether the effect of perceived maternal favoritism on depressive symptoms was increased when siblings shared ego’s perceptions. Multilevel regression analyses revealed that ego’s own perceptions predicted depressive symptoms, but only among daughters. Siblings’ perceptions that egos were most close to mothers did not affect the well-being of daughters or sons. Qualitative analyses suggested that differential effects of perceived favoritism by gender reflected differences in the meaning sons and daughters associated with being favored children. Favored daughters were more likely than favored sons to report that they were emotional caregivers to their mothers; this pattern was especially strong when siblings reinforced egos’ perceptions of being “best suited” for this role. These findings emphasize the salience of egos’ own perceptions, relative to those of family network members, in shaping role embracement and psychological well-being, especially among women.
The origin of the coding metaphor in neuroscience
Authors: Garson Justin 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
To assess Brette's proposal to expunge “coding” from the neuroscientist's lexicon, we must consider its origins. The coding metaphor is due largely to British nerve physiologist Edgar Adrian. I suggest two ways that the coding metaphor fueled his research. I conclude that the debate today should not be about the “truth” of the metaphor but about its continuing utility.
Neural code: Another breach in the wall?
Authors: Huetz Chloé , Souffi Samira , Adenis Victor , Edeline Jean-Marc 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBrette presents arguments that query the existence of the neural code. However, he has neglected certain evidence that could be viewed as proof that a neural code operates in the brain. Albeit these proofs show a link between neural activity and cognition, we discuss why they fail to demonstrate the existence of an invariant neural code.
Generative models as parsimonious descriptions of sensorimotor loops
Authors: Baltieri Manuel , Buckley Christopher L. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The Bayesian brain hypothesis, predictive processing, and variational free energy minimisation are typically used to describe perceptual processes based on accurate generative models of the world. However, generative models need not be veridical representations of the environment. We suggest that they can (and should) be used to describe sensorimotor relationships relevant for behaviour rather than precise accounts of the world.
Is coding a relevant metaphor for building AI?
Authors: Santoro Adam , Hill Felix , Barrett David , Raposo David , Botvinick Matt , Lillicrap Timothy 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Brette contends that the neural coding metaphor is an invalid basis for theories of what the brain does. Here, we argue that it is an insufficient guide for building an artificial intelligence that learns to accomplish short- and long-term goals in a complex, changing environment.
The Bayesian brain: What is it and do humans have it?
Authors: Rahnev Dobromir 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
It has been widely asserted that humans have a “Bayesian brain.” Surprisingly, however, this term has never been defined and appears to be used differently by different authors. I argue that Bayesian brain should be used to denote the realist view that brains are actual Bayesian machines and point out that there is currently no evidence for such a claim.
Abandoning the code metaphor is compatible with semiotic process
Authors: Deacon Terrence W. , Rączaszek-Leonardi Joanna 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
We agree with Brette's assessment that the coding metaphor has become more problematic than helpful for theories of brain and cognitive functioning. In an effort to aid in constructing an alternative, we argue that joining the insights from the dynamical systems approach with the semiotic framework of C. S. Peirce can provide a fruitful perspective.
Neural coding: The bureaucratic model of the brain
Authors: Brette Romain 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe neural coding metaphor is so ubiquitous that we tend to forget its metaphorical nature. What do we mean when we assert that neurons encode and decode? What kind of causal and representational model of the brain does the metaphor entail? What lies beneath the neural coding metaphor, I argue, is a bureaucratic model of the brain.
Escaping Fatou components of transcendental self-maps of the punctured plane
Authors: MARTÍ-PETE DAVID 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe study the iteration of transcendental self-maps of $\mathcal{C}^*:\=\mathcal{C}\{0}$, that is, holomorphic functions $\fnof:\mathcal{C}^*:\rarr\mathcal{C}^*$ for which both zero and infinity are essential singularities. We use approximation theory to construct functions in this class with escaping Fatou components, both wandering domains and Baker domains, that accumulate to $\{0},\infin$ in any possible way under iteration. We also give the first explicit examples of transcendental self-maps of $\mathcal{C}^*$ with Baker domains and with wandering domains. In doing so, we developed a sufficient condition for a function to have a simply connected escaping wandering domain. Finally, we remark that our results also provide new examples of entire functions with escaping Fatou components.