bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kisspeptin-10 Promoting the Synthesis of Milk Fat by Inhibiting the AMPK/SIRT6 Signaling Pathway via the GPR54 in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells
Authors: Cao Yu , Liu Juxiong , Zhang Qing , Ma Lijun , Wang Jiaxin , Li Wen , Ge Yusong , Cheng Ji , Yang Zhanqing , Fu Shoupen 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background Kp-10 is a peptide hormone mainly involved in the initiation tissue development in puberty. Recent studies have shown that Kp-10 is involved in fat synthesis. However, the role of Kp-10 in milk fat synthesis in lactating dairy cows has not been reported. Therefore, this study investigated the correlation between GPR54 and milk fat synthesis in dairy cows and to study the underlying mechanism in BMECs. Results The results showed that the expression of GPR54, SREBP1 and FASN in mammary glands of high-milk fat dairy cows were significantly higher than those in mammary glands of low-milk fat dairy cows. Meanwhile, 10nM Kp-10 can significantly inhibit AMPK/SIRT6 signaling pathway and promote milk fat synthesis in BMECs through its receptor GPR54. Overexpression of SIRT6 significantly reduced the acetylation level of SREBP1 and milk fat synthesis in BMECs.Conclusions These results suggested that Kp-10 inhibits the AMPK / SIRT6 signaling pathway by mediating GPR54, thereby increasing SREBP1 acetylation levels and increasing milk fat synthesis in BMECs.
A New Postural Stability-Indicator to Predict the Level of Fear of Falling In Parkinson’s Disease Patients
Authors: Pourghayoomi Ehsan , Behzadipour Saeed , Ramezani Mehdi , Joghataei Mohammad Taghi , shahidi Gholamali 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Fear of falling (FoF) is defined as a lasting concern about falling that causes a person to limit or even stop the daily activities that he/she is capable of. 70% of Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients report activity limitations due to FoF. Timely identification of FoF is critical to prevent its additional adverse effects on the quality of life. Self-report questionnaires are commonly used to evaluate the FoF, which may be prone to human error.
Objectives
In this study, we attempted to identify a new postural stability-indicator to objectively predict the intensity of FoF and its related behavior(s) in PD patients.
Methods
Thirty-eight PD patients participated in the study (mean age, 61.2 years), among whom 10 (26.32%) were identified with low FoF and the rest (73.68%) with high FoF, based on Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I). We used a limit of stability task calibrated to each individual and investigated the postural strategies to predict the intensity of FoF. New parameters (FTRi’s; functional time ratio) were extracted based on the center of pressure presence pattern in different rectangular areas (i = 1, 2, and 3). The task was performed on two heights to investigate FoF related behavior(s).
Results
FTR 1/2 (the ratio between FTR1 and FTR2) was strongly correlated with the FES-I (r = − 0.63, P < 0.001), Pull Test (r = − 0.65, P < 0.001), Timed Up and Go test (r = − 0.57, P < 0.001), and Berg Balance Scale (r = 0.62, P < 0.001). The model of FTR1/2 was identified as a best-fitting model to predicting the intensity of FoF in PD participants (sensitivity = 96.43%, specificity = 80%), using a threshold level of ≤ 2.83.
Conclusions
Using the proposed assessment technique we can accurately predict the intensity of FoF in PD patients. Also, The FTR1/2 index can be potentially considered as a mechanical biomarker to sense the FoF-related postural instability in PD patients.
Host Phylogeny Matters: Examining Sources of Variation in Infection Risk by Blood Parasites Across a Tropical Montane Bird Community in India
Authors: Gupta Pooja , Vishnudas C.K. , Robin V.V. , Dharmarajan Guha 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Identifying patterns and drivers of infection risk among host communities is crucial to elucidate disease dynamics and predict infectious disease risk in wildlife populations. Blood parasites of genera Plasmodium and Haemoproteus are a diverse group of vector-borne protozoan parasites that affected bird populations globally. Despite their widespread distribution and exceptional diversity, factors underlying haemosporidian infection risk in wild bird communities remain poorly understood. While some studies have examined variation in avian haemosporidian risk, researchers have primarily focused on host ecological traits without considering host phylogenetic relationships. In this study, we employ a phylogenetically informed approach to examine the association between host ecological traits and avian haemosporidian infection risk in endemic bird communities in the Western Ghats Sky Islands.Methods: We collected blood samples from 1177 birds (28 species) and amplified partial parasite mitochondrial cytochrome b gene to identify avian haemosporidian infection and characterized unique haemosporidian lineages by sequencing. We employed a Bayesian phylogenetic mixed effect modelling approach to test the association between seven species specific ecological predictors, four individual level predictors and avian haemosporidian infection risk. We also examined the effect of host phylogenetic relationships on the observed patterns of variation in haemosporidian infection risk by estimating phylogenetic signal.Results: Our study shows that effects of host ecological traits and host phylogeny on infection risk vary for Plasmodium (generalist parasite) vs. Haemoproteus (specialist parasite). For Plasmodium, we found that sociality, sexual dimorphism and feeding strata were important ecological predictors. For Haemoproteus, patterns of infection risk among host species were associated with sociality, elevation and individual body condition. Interestingly, variance in infection risk explained by host phylogeny was higher for Haemoproteus parasites compared to Plasmodium. Conclusion: Our study highlights that while host ecological traits promoting parasite exposure and host susceptibility are important determinants of infection risk, host phylogeny also contributes substantially in predicting patterns of avian haemosporidian infection risk among host communities. Importantly, infection risk is driven by joint contributions of host ecology and host phylogeny and studying these effects together could increase our ability to better understand the drivers of infection risk and predict future disease threats.
Evaluation of Laparoscopic Varicocelectomy in Adult Men
Authors: Hussein1 Ahmed H , faisal mohammed , Ghanem Ahmed M 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
BackgroundVaricocele is an abnormal dilatation and tortuosity of the testicular veins. Blocking the reflux in the internal spermatic vein is the cornerstone treatment for varicocele. Other treatment options include inguinal, sub inguinal, retroperitoneal, scrotal, and laparoscopic approaches. Laparoscopic varicocele ligation results in lower morbidity, lower analgesic requirements, and more rapid rates of return to work as compared to the standard open surgical approach.AimTo evaluate the laparoscopic varicocelectomy (at 3 and 6 months postoperatively) as regards the intraoperative, postoperative laboratory, and radiological data.MethodsThis prospective study included 40 patients who underwent laparoscopic varicocelectomy procedure from March to November 2018.ResultsThe study was conducted on 40 patients aged 17–36 years who underwent laparoscopic varicocelectomy. Clinically, only four patients were detected to be bilateral, although radiological assessment revealed 22 patients had bilateral affection. Clinically, the mean grade is 2.15 ± 0.67 for the left side and 0.35 ± 0.74 for the right side, which improved to 0.35 ± 0.57 on the former and 0.1 ± 0.44 on the latter at 6 months postoperatively. Based on ultrasound findings, 11 patients had bilateral affection. The mean grade is 2.25 ± 0.64 for the left side and 0.75 ± 0.78 for the right side, which improved to 0.35 ± 0.67 on the former and 0.35 ± 0.49 on the latter at 6 months postoperatively. In the semen analysis, the sperm count, motility, and abnormal forms significantly improved. The mean operative time and hospital stay were 26.15 + 5.03 min and 1.15 ± 0.36 day, respectively.ConclusionLaparoscopic varicocelectomy is an effective treatment for varicocele. Significant symptom, sperm count, motility, and abnormal form improvements were observed during the postoperative follow-up. Therefore, laparoscopic varicocelectomy is recommended as more beneficial for patients.
Controls of plant diversity attributes over above ground biomass in Sal forests of Eastern India
Authors: Kumar Rahul , Kumar Amit , Saikia Purabi 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background Above ground biomass (AGB) is a useful measure for assessing changes in forest structure and functional, and play a significant role in studying carbon stocks, the effect of deforestation and carbon sequestration on the global carbon balance. The present study aimed to study the relationship between AGB and community parameters in Sal forests of Eastern India through stratified random sampling by lying 92 belt transects each of 0.5 ha size. Results It recorded a high AGB (410.70 Mg ha-1), and carbon stock (Cp) (193.06 Mg C ha-1), and forest wise AGB ranged from 0.19 to 24.75 Mg ha-1 (mean 4.45 ± 0.45 SE). The spatial pattern of AGB showed that maximum studied forests (65%) had very low AGB (<5.00 Mg ha-1), and only one forests (1%) located in the northwest corner of Ranchi had very high AGB (>20 Mg ha-1). Species wise AGB ranged from 0.001 to 7074.94 Mg ha-1 (mean 106 ± 71 SE) and Shorea robusta with maximum basal area (120.81 m2 ha−1) contributed maximum AGB (64.87% of the total AGB), however, no similar trends have been observed in any other tree species. A significant positive correlation was observed between AGB and Cp (r=1.00, p<0.01), H’ (r= .58, p<0.01), Dmg (r= .31, p<0.01), Dmn (r= .49, p<0.01), ENS (r= .57, p<0.01), E (r= .26, p<0.05), and basal area (r= 0.71, p<0.05). However, a negative correlation of AGB was evident with CD (r= -.57, p<0.01), and density (r= - 0.17). Conclusions The relationships differed greatly among plant diversity attributes, basal area, density, AGB, and Cp within and among various forests and the strongest relationships within each forests were always those having greater richness (Dmg, Dmn), diversity (H, ENS), basal area or evenness (E). Estimation of forest Cp enables us to assess the amount of carbon loss during deforestation or the amount of carbon stored during forest regeneration. The present study will directly help in studying the response of climate change on ecosystem productivity, energy and nutrient flow, and for assessing the patterns of carbon sequestration in Indian forests under global climate change.
TUG1 enhances high gluose impaired endothelial progenitor cell function via miR-29c-3p/PDGF-BB/Wnt signaling
Authors: Li Yang , Zhi Kangkang , Han Shilong , Li Xue , Li Maoquan , Lian Weishuai , Zhang Haijun , Zhang Xiaoping 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Diabetes is associated with the dysfunction of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), characterized as impaired angiogenesis, a phenomenon thought to be involved in the development of diabetic foot. LncRNA plays an essential role in microvascular dysfunction and signaling pathways in patients with diabetes. LncRNA taurine upregulated gene 1 (TUG1) participates in angiogenesis in various cells. However, the mechanisms of TUG1 activity in EPCs have not been elucidated.
Methods
We isolated and then characterized EPCs from the peripheral blood of mice using immunofluorescence and flow cytometry. Western blot detected the wnt/β-catenin pathway in high glucose treated EPCs. Bioinformatics analysis predicted a putative binding site for TUG1 on miR-29c-3p. The interactions among TUG1, platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) and miR-29c-3p were analyzed by luciferase assays. In vivo, diabetic mouse ischemic limb were treated with normal saline or TUG1 overexpression lentiviruses.
Results
We found that EPC migration, invasion and tube formation declined after treatment with high glucose, but improved with TUG1 overexpression. Mechanically, wnt/β-catenin pathway and autophagy were involved in the function of TUG1 overexpression in high glucose treated EPCs. Moreover, TUG1 regulates the PDGF-BB/wnt pathway and function of high glucose treated EPCs via miR-29c-3p. In vivo, injection of TUG1 lentivirus in a diabetic mouse ischemic limb model stimulated angiogenesis.
Conclusions
Our findings suggest that TUG1 restores high glucose treated EPC function by regulating miR-29c-3p/PDGF-BB/Wnt signaling.
Lung ultrasound and neonatal COVID-19 pneumonia: A case report.
Authors: Ríos Daniel Ibarra , García Dina Villanueva , Solano Edna Patricia Vázquez , García Alfonso de Jesús Martínez , González Horacio Márquez 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Purpose: Severe Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection in neonates is possible but reports are scarce. Lung ultrasound (LUS) has been reported useful for triaging, diagnosing, and monitoring of patients with COVID-19.Material and methods: We describe SARS-CoV-2 confirmed infection on a term newborn that developed pneumonia and pulmonary hypertension requiring mechanical ventilation. Ultrasonographic follow up of COVID-19 pneumonia and pulmonary hypertension was carried out. Results: A 3,140-g male infant born at 40.3 weeks’ gestation developed progressive respiratory distress requiring mechanical ventilation. Real time PCR respiratory tract swabs for SARS COV 2 sampled on day 3 were positive for the baby and both parents. Lung ultrasound showed an irregular pleural line (shred sign), multiple confluent B-lines and bilateral ≥ 0.5 cm subpleural consolidations. Improvement of the lung and cardiac conditions were documented by ultrasound. Conclusion: Our case represents a severe presentation of COVID-19 pneumonia with pulmonary hypertension requiring mechanical ventilation. LUS showed to be useful for diagnosis and follow up.
Management of Infections with Mycobacterium Other Than Tuberculosis (MOTT) as a Complication of Surgical Procedures.
Authors: Naskar Bikash 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND:Atypical mycobacteria (MOTT) have emerged as significant human pathogens, causing post-surgical wound infections.The aim of this study is to assess the causative organisms of such infection and their treatment response.METHODS:After matching the criteria, 28 cases, were taken for this prospective, single center, observational study.The diagnosis was confirmed by bacterial culture. RESULTS:Among 28 patients, 16 were females (median age of 45.5 year). Patients had undergone laparoscopic cholecystectomy ( n=13 ), laparoscopic appendicectomy ( n=3), laparoscopic hernioplasty ( n=2 ), open appendicectomy ( n=2 ), open mesh hernioplasty ( n= 7 ), exploratory laparotomy (n=1 ). No major comorbidities or immunosuppression was identified. All patients were initially treated with repeated incision and drainage and started conventional antibiotics until culture and sensitivity report was available.All except one patient had culture confirmed MOTT infection. Combination antibiotics (clarithromycin, linezolid and ofloxacin ) given for initial 3 months. 12 well responded within 3 months. 9 required additional few months to get complete cure. 4 patients cured after 6 months of treatment and 3 patients did not come for follow up.CONCLUSIONS:Delayed onset chronic wound infection by Atypical mycobacteria is preventable.These organisms are not responsive to conventional antitubercular drugs but to specific drug regimens.
Antibody-mediated disruption of the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein
Authors: Wrobel Antoni , Benton Donald , Hussain Saira , Harvey Ruth , Roustan Chloë , Martin Stephen , Rosenthal Peter , Skehel John , Gamblin Steven 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The CR3022 antibody, selected from a group of SARS-CoV-1 monoclonal antibodies for its ability to cross-react with SARS-CoV-2, has been examined for its ability to bind to the ectodomain of the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein. Using electron cryo-microscopy we show that antibody binding requires rearrangements in the S1 domain that result in dissociation of the spike.
Protein Cysteine S-Nitrosylation Provides Reducing Power by Enhancing Lactate Dehydrogenase Activity in Trichomonas Vaginalis Under Iron Deficiency
Authors: Cheng Wei-Hung , Huang Kuo-Yang , Ong Seow-Chin , Ku Fu-Man , Huang Po-Jung , Lee Chi-Ching , Yeh Yuan-Ming , Lin Rose , Chiu Cheng-Hsun , Tang Petrus 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background Iron plays essential roles in the pathogenesis and proliferation of Trichomonas vaginalis, the causative agent of the most prevalent nonviral human sexually transmitted infection. We previously demonstrated that under iron deficiency, the endogenous nitric oxide (NO) is accumulated and capable of regulating the survival of T. vaginalis. Herein, we aim to explore the influence of NO on the activity of the pyruvate-reducing enzyme lactate dehydrogenase in T. vaginalis (TvLDH).Methods Levels of lactate and pyruvate were detected for determining glycolysis activity in T. vaginalis under iron deficiency. Quantitative PCR was performed to determine the expression of TvLDH. S-nitrosylated (SNO) proteomics was conducted to identify the NO-modified proteins. The activities of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (TvGAPDH) and TvLDH were measured after sodium nitrate treatment. The effects of protein nitrosylation on the production of cellular reducing power were examined by measuring the amount of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and the ratio of the NAD redox pair (NAD+/NADH).Results We found that although the glycolytic pathway was activated in cells under iron depletion, the level of pyruvate was decreased due to the increased level of TvLDH. By analyzing the SNO proteome of T. vaginalis upon iron deficiency, we found that TvLDH is one of the glycolytic enzymes modified by SNO. The production of pyruvate was significantly reduced after nitrate treatment, indicating that protein nitrosylation accelerated the consumption of pyruvate by increasing TvLDH activity. Nitrate treatment also induced NAD oxidation, suggesting that protein nitrosylation was the key posttranslational modification controlling cellular redox status. Conclusion We demonstrated that NO-mediated protein nitrosylation plays pivotal roles in the regulation of glycolysis, pyruvate metabolism, and the activity of TvLDH. The recycling of oxidized NAD catalyzed by TvLDH provided the reducing power that allowed T. vaginalis to adapt to the iron-deficient environment.
Clinical features and aetiology of newly diagnosed adrenal insufficiency: A single-centre retrospective cross-sectional study in Japan.
Authors: Misaki Makoto , Komagamine Junpei 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Central adrenal insufficiency (AI) has been reported to be twice as common as primary AI outside Japan. The most common causes of central AI are drugs and pituitary tumours. However, given the significant differences in the incidence rates of Addison’s disease and isolated ACTH deficiency between Japan and other countries, the most common causes of AI in Japan may differ from those in other countries. Furthermore, few studies have focused on the clinical features of newly diagnosed central AI.Methods: A retrospective single-centre observational study using electronic medical records from April 2012 to December 2019 was conducted. The main outcome was the proportion of cases of central AI among all cases of newly diagnosed AI. We also investigated the clinical features and common causes of central AI. Only patients with AI confirmed with hormone tests were included. Patients with AI who were asymptomatic or diagnosed clinically without hormone test confirmation were excluded. Based on hormone tests and the clinical diagnosis, AI was classified into primary and central AI.Results: A total of 34 patients were eligible. The mean patient age was 76.3 years, 11 (32.4%) were women, and 11 (32.4%) were former or current users of glucocorticoids for non-endocrine diseases. Of the 34 patients with newly diagnosed AI, all (100.0%) had central AI. The most common cause of central AI was glucocorticoids (n = 11, 32.4%), followed by central hypoadrenalism of unknown causes (n = 9, 26.5%), idiopathic isolated ACTH deficiency (n = 6, 17.7%), and pituitary tumours (n = 5, 14.7%). For the 34 patients with central AI, the mean time to receive a correct diagnosis from the onset was 6.2 months. The most common symptoms at diagnosis were anorexia (n = 26, 76.5%), fatigue (n = 23, 67.6%), asthenia (n = 22, 64.7%) and nausea or vomiting (n = 19, 55.9%).Conclusions: Primary AI is rare in Japan. The most common cause of newly diagnosed central AI is glucocorticoid use. Pituitary tumours may be a less common cause of central AI in Japan than in other countries.
The effect of sex hormone on COVID-19: analysis of laboratory-confirmed 5061 patients in South Korea
Authors: Lee Jae Hoon , Kim Yong Chan , Cho Si Hyun , Lee Jinae , You Seng Chan , Song Young Goo , Won Young Bin , Park Yun Soo 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Limited data describing the effect of sex hormone on coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is available. We evaluated the effect of sex hormone on prevalence and clinical outcomes of COVID-19. Retrospective cohort study was performed using the nationwide claims data of 5061 adult patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 in South Korea, from January 20 to April 8, 2020. COVID-19 was most prevalent in women of the 20-39 age group (1250 [44.14%]). Men were more likely to receive oxygen therapy (144 [6.46%] vs 131 [4.63%], P=0.004), be admitted to the intensive care unit (60 [2.69%] vs 53 [1.87%], P=0.049), and stay longer after admission to the intensive care unit (19.70±11.80 vs 14.75±9.23, P=0.016). However, there was no significant difference in mortality rates between men and women. In multivariable Cox analysis, independent risk factors for mortality were older age and underlying co-morbidities, rather than sex. To evaluate the effect of HRT among women, subgroup analysis was implemented using age-matched case-control data with a 1:3 ratio of females receiving HRT to those who did not. HRT did not have statistically significant association with clinical outcomes. This study suggests that sex hormone may not affect prevalence and clinical outcome of COVID-19 in South Korea.
RUANG SOSIAL SEBAGAI PRODUK NEGOSIASI SPASIAL DI KAMPUNG KAUMAN YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Panglipur Septiawan Bagus , Amijaya Sita Yuliastuti 
Published: June 2020

Title: Configuration of Social Space as a Result of Space Negotiation in Kampung Kauman Y ogyakarta
Kauman is one of the unique special area in Yogyakarta famous for the special formation of the settlement patterns and the history as well related to the inhabitant. Kauman residents are descendants of the courtiers of Kraton Yogyakarta. Kauman is known as the birth place of K.H. A. Dahlan, the founder of Muhammadiyah Islamic teachings. The use of spaces as the result of communities behaviour could be seen as an interesting phenomenon. Narrow paths ways are not only used for access but also used as spaces for activities. It creates kind of new spaces. Some temporary extension of residential areas is often found and accepted as an agreement among residents. The aim of this study is to analyze the formation of the new social spaces by community activities. The qualitative descriptive methods will be used to explain the activities of Kauman village residents. Human activities behavior creates patterns in the in the environment as new spaces both temporary and permanent. The research finding of a moving social space in Kauman is a social space created by traveling vendors as they open new spaces around the sales area. The other finding is temporary acquisition of the clothesline which is placed along the alley that become a shared property, this make the clothesline owner have a new personal space occupying the social space that already exists. The court yard of the Great Mosque whenever empty is used for pencak silat activities, this activity also attracts the hawkers to come to sell there.