bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cost-effectiveness and budget impact of a lifestyle intervention to improve cardiometabolic health in patients with severe mental illness
Authors: Looijmans Anne , Jörg Frederike , Bruggeman Richard , Schoevers Robert A. , Corpeleijn Eva , Feenstra Talitha L , Van Asselt Antoinette D.I. 
Published: December 2020

Methods: Patients (n = 244) were randomized to receive either care-as-usual or a lifestyle intervention in which mental health nurses coached patients in changing their lifestyle by using a web tool. Costs and quality of life were assessed at baseline and at 6 and 12 months. Incremental costs per centimeter waist circumference (WC) lost and per Quality-Adjusted Life Year (QALY) gained were assessed. Budget impact was estimated based on three intervention-uptake scenarios using a societal and a third-party payer perspective.
Results: Costs and reduction in WC were higher in the intervention (n = 114) than in the control (n = 94) group after 12 months, although not statistically significant, resulting in €1,370 per cm WC lost. QALYs did not differ between the groups, resulting in a low probability of the intervention being cost-effective in cost/QALY gained. The budget impact analysis showed that for a reasonable participation of 43%, total costs were around €81 million over 5 years, or on average €16 million annually (societal perspective).
Conclusions: The intervention is not cost-effective at 12 months and the budget impact over 5 years is substantial. Possibly, 12 months was too short to implement the intervention, improve cardiometabolic health, and reduce care costs. Therefore, the incentive for this intervention cannot be found in short-term financial advantages. However, there may be benefits associated with lifestyle interventions in the long term that remain unclear.
Cost-effectiveness of adding psychomotor therapy to a multidisciplinary rehabilitation program for chronic pain
Authors: Van der Maas Lia , Bosmans Judith E. , Van Tulder Maurits W. , Janssen Thomas W.J. 
Published: December 2020

Introduction: This study assesses the cost-effectiveness (CE) of a multidisciplinary pain rehabilitation program (treatment as usual [TAU]) with and without psychomotor therapy (PMT) for chronic pain patients.
Methods: Chronic pain patients were assigned to TAU + PMT or TAU using cluster randomization. Clinical outcomes measured were health-related quality of life (HRQOL), pain-related disability, and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs). Costs were measured from a societal perspective. Multiple imputation was used for missing data. Uncertainty surrounding incremental CE ratios was estimated using bootstrapping and presented in CE planes and CE acceptability curves.
Results: Ninety-four chronic pain patients (n = 49 TAU + PMT and n = 45 TAU) were included. There were no significant differences in HRQOL, Pain Disability Index, and QALYs between TAU + PMT and TAU. Direct costs in TAU + PMT were significantly higher than in TAU (mean difference €3327, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1329; 5506). However, total societal costs in TAU + PMT were not significantly higher than in TAU (mean difference €642, 95% CI −3323; 4373). CE analyses showed that TAU + PMT was not cost-effective in comparison with TAU.
Conclusions: Adding PMT to a multidisciplinary pain rehabilitation program is not considered cost-effective in comparison with a multidisciplinary pain rehabilitation program alone. The results of this study should be interpreted with caution because of the small sample size and high drop-out rate.
Desenvolvimento de abelhas melíferas em colmeias com diferentes cores e materiais de cobertura no semiárido brasileiro
Authors: Souza Maria de Fátima Pereira de , Santos Heidy Carvalho dos , Lima Yan Souza , Turco Silvia Helena Nogueira , Silva Eva Monica Sarmento da 
Published: December 2020

O presente estudo teve o objetivo de verificar a influência de diferentes cores e materiais de cobertura em colmeias Langstroth analisando o desenvolvimento das abelhas melíferas (Apis mellifera). O experimento foi conduzido em um apiário experimental, em Petrolina (Pernambuco, Brasil). Foram utilizadas 24 colmeias, dispostas em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 3 x 2 (três cores e dois tipos de cobertura). O desenvolvimento das colônias foi analisado através de um mapeamento dos quadros de ninho e mensurações da temperatura interna das colmeias, em seguida, realizou-se a contagem de área contendo mel, pólen, crias de operária (fechadas e abertas) e crias de zangão. Os resultados indicam que em colmeias tradicionais (não pintadas) ou pintadas de branco, com e sem a placa de gesso sob sua tampa, há um maior armazenamento de pólen e mel, além da maior área com crias de abelhas operárias. Já em caixas Langstroth pintadas de azul, há um aumento da temperatura interna na colmeia, com uma maior área de crias de zangão. Dessa forma, manter as colmeias com cores claras e protegê-las com gesso é uma alternativa para evitar o aumento excessivo da temperatura interna nas colmeias.
"Evde Kalmış Bir Kız" Olmanın Trajedisi: Tarık Buğra Hikâyesi Üzerine Bir Okuma
Authors: Tek Zeynep 
Published: December 2020

Tarık Buğra’nın (1918-1994) gündelik hayatın kesitlerinden oluşan hikâyelerinde sıradan insan yaşamlarının çeşitli yönlerine tanık olunur. Bu tür metinlerden biri de insan varoluşunda anlam ve amacın kaybıyla şekillenen bir yaşam hikâyesini ele alan “Var Olmak Veya Olmamak”tır (1953). Hikâyede otuz dört yaşında çirkin, evde kalmış bir kız olarak tarif edilen ve erken Cumhuriyet dönemine (1923-1950) tanıklık ettiği anlaşılan bir öğretmenin intiharla sonuçlanan trajedisine yer verilir. Müntehir öğretmenin yeğeni tarafından anlatılan hikâye, onun bir gemideki son anlarına ve geçmişteki kırılma noktalarına odaklanır. Bu anlatım üzerinden, gün geçtikçe artan yalnızlığın kendisinde çirkinlik düşüncesini tetiklediği ve bunun sonucunda ortaya çıkan aşağılık kompleksinin yaşama sevincine ve uyum becerisine telafisi olmayacak şekilde zarar verdiği anlaşılır. Mevcut çalışma, söz konusu trajedinin temelindeki çatışmayı, öğretmenin son anlarına ve evde kalmanın erken Cumhuriyet dönemindeki anlamına odaklanarak irdelemeyi amaçlar. Bekârlık, çirkinlik ve ölümün yan yana geldiği anlatıda kendi olmanın gücünden mahrum kalan hikâye kişisinin var olamamasına yol açan psiko-sosyal bağlamı inceler. Buna bağlı olarak geleneksel yaşam biçimi ile Cumhuriyet dönemi modernleşmesinin örtüşen normlarının kadın öğretmen üzerinde ağır kamusal beklentilere ve travmatik etkilere yol açtığı sonucuna varılır. Öğretmenin kamusal alanda güçlü bir kadın karakter olarak ataerkil baskılara maruz kalışı, toplumun bağımsız kadın figürlerine aşina olmamasıyla ilgili olabilir. Kadının evlenmemesi durumunda kusurlu olduğu düşüncesine kapılması da toplumun (ön) yargılarını kolektif öznelliğin bir üyesi olarak içselleştirmenin sonucu olarak değerlendirebilir. Yeni kamusal alanların inşasında rol alan Cumhuriyet kızlarının içsel güç kaybı, yerleşik toplumsal algıları dönüştürmenin ve bununla edilecek mücadelenin zorluğuna işaret eder.
Case Report: A Spinal Ischemic Lesion in a 24-Year-Old Patient With Fabry Disease
Authors: Krämer Julia , Glaser Felix , Hasselblatt Martin , Brand Eva , Pogoda Christian , Lenders Malte , Wiendl Heinz , Meuth Sven G. , Duning Thomas 
Published: December 2020

BackgroundWhile cerebral lesions are common in Fabry disease (FD), spinal lesions have not been described, and their presence was suggested to be indicative of multiple sclerosis. Here, we present a FD patient with histopathological confirmed spinal ischemic stroke.Case presentationA patient with genetically and biochemically diagnosed FD and characteristic manifestations (acroparesthesia, angiokeratomas, hypohidrosis, microalbuminuria, myocardial hypertrophy) presented with paraplegia, loss of all sensory modalities below Th9, and loss of bowel and bladder function. While cranial MRI was inconspicuous, spinal MRI showed a T2 hyperintense, non-contrast-enhancing lesion of the thoracic spinal cord. Lumbar puncture revealed mild pleocytosis, increased total protein and lactate levels, decreased glucose ratio, and negative oligoclonal bands. Rheumatic, neoplastic, and infectious disorders were excluded. The patient received intravenous and intrathecal methylprednisolone, plasmapheresis, intravenous immunoglobulins, and cyclophosphamide without clinical improvement. A biopsy of the thoracic lesion was performed. A histopathological examination revealed necrotic tissue consistent with spinal cord ischemia. Diagnostic work-up for stroke etiology clarification was not conspicuous. Two years onward, the patient suffered from a pontine infarction and a transient ischemic attack.ConclusionThe current case highlights the possible occurrence of spinal ischemic lesions in FD. Thus, the diagnosis of FD should not be prematurely discarded in the presence of spinal lesions.
Resolving the Paradox of Colon Cancer Through the Integration of Genetics, Immunology, and the Microbiota
Authors: Fidelle Marine , Yonekura Satoru , Picard Marion , Cogdill Alexandria , Hollebecque Antoine , Roberti Maria Paula , Zitvogel Laurence 
Published: December 2020

While colorectal cancers (CRC) are paradigmatic tumors invaded by effector memory lymphocytes, the mechanisms accounting for the relative resistance of MSI negative CRC to immunogenic cell death mediated by oxaliplatin and immune checkpoint inhibitors has remained an open conundrum. Here, we propose the viewpoint where its microenvironmental contexture could be explained -at least in part- by macroenvironmental cues constituted by the complex interplay between the epithelial barrier, its microbial ecosystem, and the local immune system. Taken together this dynamic ménage-à-trois offers novel coordinated actors of the humoral and cellular immune responses actionable to restore sensitivity to immune checkpoint inhibition. Solving this paradox involves breaking tolerance to crypt stem cells by inducing the immunogenic apoptosis of ileal cells in the context of an ileal microbiome shifted towards immunogenic bacteria using cytotoxicants. This manoeuver results in the elicitation of a productive Tfh and B cell dialogue in mesenteric lymph nodes culminating in tumor-specific memory CD8+ T cell responses sparing the normal epithelium.
Metabolomic Biomarkers of Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review
Authors: Porter Lachlan , Shoushtarizadeh Alireza , Jelinek George A. , Brown Chelsea R. , Lim Chai K. , de Livera Alysha M. , Jacobs Kelly R. , Weiland Tracey J. 
Published: December 2020

BackgroundMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI), cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis, and the McDonald’s clinical criteria are currently utilized tools in diagnosing multiple sclerosis. However, a more conclusive, consistent, and efficient way of diagnosing multiple sclerosis (MS) is yet to be discovered. A potential biomarker, discovered using advances in high-throughput sequencing such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and other “Omics”-based techniques, may make diagnosis and prognosis more reliable resulting in a more personalized and targeted treatment regime and improved outcomes. The aim of this review was to systematically search the literature for potential biomarkers from any bodily fluid that could consistently and accurately diagnose MS and/or indicate disease progression.MethodsA systematic literature review of EMBASE, PubMed (MEDLINE), The Cochrane Library, and CINAHL databases produced over a thousand potential studies. Inclusion criteria stated studies with potential biomarker outcomes for people with MS were to be included in the review. Studies were limited to those with human participants who had a clinically defined diagnosis of MS and published in English, with no limit placed on date of publication or the type of bodily fluid sampled.ResultsA total of 1,805 studies were recorded from the literature search. A total of 1,760 studies were removed based on their abstract, with a further 18 removed after considering the full text. A total of 30 studies were considered relevant and had their data retrieved and analyzed. Due to the heterogeneity of focus and results from the refined studies, a narrative synthesis was favored.ConclusionSeveral promising candidate biomarkers suitable for clinical application in MS have been studied. It is recommended follow-up studies with larger sample sizes be completed on several potential biomarkers.
Identification of the Prognostic Value of Tumor Microenvironment-Related Genes in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Donglei , Qian Changlin , Wei Huabing , Qian Xiaozhe 
Published: December 2020

Background: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the most prevalent histological type of esophageal cancer, but there is a lack of definite prognostic markers for this cancer.Methods: We used the ESTIMATE algorithm to access the tumor microenvironment (TME) of ESCC cases deposited in the TCGA database, and identified TME-related prognostic genes using Cox regression analysis. A least absolute shrinkage and selector operation or LASSO algorithm was used to identify key prognostic genes. Risk scores were calculated, and a clinical predictive model was constructed to evaluate the prognostic value of TME-related genes.Results: We found that high immune and stromal scores were significantly associated with poor overall survival (p &lt; 0.05). We identified a total of 1,151 TME-related differently expression genes, among which 67 were prognosis-related genes. Through the LASSO method, 13 key prognostic genes were selected, namely, ADAMTS16, LOC51089, CH25H, CORO2B, DLGAP1, GYS2, HAL, MXRA8, NPTX1, OTX1, RET, SLC24A2, and SPI1, and a 13-gene risk score was constructed. A higher score was indicative of a poorer prognosis than a lower risk score (hazard ratio = 8.21, 95% confidence interval: 2.56–26.31; P &lt; 0.001). The risk score was significantly correlated with immune/stromal scores and various types of infiltrating immune cells, including CD8 cells, regulatory T cells, and resting macrophages.Conclusion: We characterized the tumor microenvironment in ESCC, and identified the key prognosis genes. The risk score based on the expression profiles of these genes is proposed as an indicator of TME status and is instrumental in predicting patient prognosis.
Kostmann Syndrome With Neurological Abnormalities: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Lyu Baiyu , Lyu Wei , Zhang Xiaoying 
Published: December 2020

Background:Severe congenital neutropenia (SCN), also known as Kostmann syndrome, is a rare heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by arrested neutrophil maturation in the bone marrow.Case Presentation:We report a case of Kostmann syndrome and review previously reported SCN cases with neurological abnormalities. A 10-year-old boy had a history of recurrent, once a month, infection starting at 6 months of age. He had neutropenia for more than 9 years, as well as intellectual disability. He was homozygous for the exon 3 c.430dupG mutation of the HAX1 gene NM-006118. After treatment of antibiotics and G-CSF, his symtoms were relieved and was 3 months free of infection. The search revealed 29 articles related to Kostmann syndrome caused by HAX1 gene mutation; they were screened, and the main clinical features of 13 cases of Kostmann syndrome with neurological abnormalities were summarized and analyzed.Conclusions:Kostmann syndrome has three main characteristics: severe neutropenia (&lt;0.2 × 109/L), maturation arrest of granulopoiesis at the promyelocyte stage, and death due to infections. HAX1 gene mutations affecting both isoforms A and B are associated with additional neurological symptoms. G-CSF can improve and maintain neutrophil counts, and improve prognosis and quality of life. At present, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is the only cure.
Rapid Assessment of Price Instability and Paucity of Medicines and Protection for COVID-19 Across Asia: Findings and Public Health Implications for the Future
Authors: Godman Brian , Haque Mainul , Islam Salequl , Iqbal Samiul , Urmi Umme Laila , Kamal Zubair Mahmood , Shuvo Shahriar Ahmed , Rahman Aminur , Kamal Mustafa , Haque Monami , Jahan Iffat , Islam Md. Zakirul , Hossain Mohammad Monir , Munzur-E-Murshid  , Kumar Santosh , Charan Jaykaran , Bhatt Rohan , Dutta Siddhartha , Abhayanand Jha Pallavi , Sharma Yesh , Saleem Zikria , Phuong Thuy Nguyen Thi , Kwon Hye-Young , Kurdi Amanj , Wale Janney , Sefah Israel 
Published: December 2020

Background: Countries have introduced a variety of measures to prevent and treat COVID-19 with medicines and personal protective equipment (PPE), with some countries adopting preventative strategies earlier than others. However, there has been considerable controversy surrounding some treatments. This includes hydroxychloroquine where the initial hype and misinformation lead to shortages, price rises and suicides. Price rises and shortages have also been seen for PPE. Such activities can have catastrophic effects on patients where there are high co-payment levels and issues of affordability. Consequently, there is a need to investigate this further.Objective: Assess changes in the availability, utilization and prices of relevant medicines and PPE during the pandemic among a range of Asian countries.Our approach: Narrative literature review combined with interviews among community pharmacists to assess changes in consumption, prices and shortages of medicines and PPE from the beginning of March 2020 until end of May 2020. In addition, suggestions on ways to reduce misinformation.Results: 308 pharmacists took part from five Asian countries. There was an appreciable increase in the utilization of antimicrobials in Pakistan (in over 88% of pharmacies), with lower increases or no change in Bangladesh, India, Malaysia and Vietnam. Encouragingly, there was increased use of vitamins/immune boosters and PPE across the countries, as well as limited price rises for antimicrobials in India, Malaysia and Vietnam, although greater price rises seen for analgesics and vitamin C/immune boosters. Appreciable price increases were also seen for PPE across some countries.Conclusion: Encouraging to see increases in utilization of vitamins/immune boosters and PPE. However, increases in the utilization and prices of antimicrobials is a concern that needs addressing alongside misinformation and any unintended consequences from the pandemic. Community pharmacists can play a key role in providing evidence-based advice, helping to moderate prices, as well as helping address some of the unintended consequences of the pandemic.
Estimating point prevalence of COVID-19 in Qatar’s primary care registered population: an RT-PCR drive-through study protocol
Authors: Syed Mohamed Ahmed , Al Nuaimi Ahmed Sameer , A/Qotba Hamda Abdulla , Al Mujjali Hanan , Abdulmalik Mariam Ali , Al Abdulla Samya Ahmad , Aladab Aisha Hussain , Kutty Kiran Govindan , Hamed Ehab Said 
Published: December 2020

BackgroundThe first COVID-19 cases in Qatar were reported on 29 February 2020. As the epidemic progresses, essential epidemiological information is needed to facilitate monitoring of COVID-19 in the population and plan the pandemic response in Qatar.AimThe primary aim of this cross-sectional study is to estimate the point prevalence of COVID-19 in Qatar’s primary care registered population.Design & settingA cross-sectional study design will be utilised. One publicly funded health centre from each of three geographical regions in Qatar will be identified as a study location and set up to facilitate a drive-through for the study.MethodPrimary Health Care Corporation (PHCC) is publicly funded and the largest primary care provider in Qatar. The study will include randomly selected individuals from the full list of PHCC's registered population on its electronic medical records system. The sample selection will be done using a proportional to size sampling technique stratified by age, sex, and nationality representative of the overall PHCC-registered population. Considering the total population registered in PHCC, a sample of 2080 is proposed. A questionnaire will be administered to collect sociodemographic information, and nasal and throat swab samples will be taken. Data will be analysed to report overall symptomatic and asymptomatic point prevalence of COVID-19.ConclusionThis study, with the help of a randomly selected representative sample from Qatar’s primary care registered population, will provide results that can be applied to the entire population. This study design will closely represent a real-world scenario of the outbreak and is likely to provide important data to guide COVID-19 pandemic planning and response in Qatar.
Notas sobre a superexploração da força de trabalho no Brasil no século XXI
Authors: Silva Anderson , Oliveira Ednéia Alves de 
Published: December 2020

Este artigo é resultado de uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental sobre a relação da superexploração da força de trabalho no Brasil através de dados fornecidos pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE), pelo Sistema de Contas Nacionais (SCN) e pelo Instituto Latino-Americano de Estudos Socioeconômicos (ILAESE). Entendemos que a categoria superexploração do trabalho analisada por Marini nos anos de 1970 nos permite constatar que, nas primeiras décadas do século XXI, explica a relação trabalhista no país e os fundamentos da acumulação capitalista em curso, seja pela via do arrocho salarial e também pelo aumento dos impostos sobre a classe trabalhadora.
The Impact of CKD on Perioperative Risk and Mortality after Bariatric Surgery
Authors: Carvalho Silveira Flavia , Martin William P. , Maranga Gabrielle , le Roux Carel W. , Ren-Fielding Christine J. 
Published: December 2020

Background
Twenty percent of patients with CKD in the United States have a body mass index (BMI) ≥35 kg/m2. Bariatric surgery reduces progression of CKD to ESKD, but the risk of perioperative complications remains a concern.

Methods
The 24-month data spanning 2017–2018 were obtained from the Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Quality Improvement Program (MBSAQIP) database and analyzed. Surgical complications were assessed on the basis of the length of hospital stay, mortality, reoperation, readmission, surgical site infection (SSI), and worsening of kidney function during the first 30 days after surgery.

Results
The 277,948 patients who had primary bariatric procedures were 44±11.9 (mean ± SD) years old, 79.6% were women, and 71.2% were White. Mean BMI was 45.7±7.6 kg/m2. Compared with patients with an eGFR≥90 ml/min per BSA, those with stage 5 CKD/ESKD were 1.91 times more likely to be readmitted within 30 days of a bariatric procedure (95% CI, 1.37 to 2.67; P<0.001). Similarly, length of hospital stay beyond 2 days was 2.05-fold (95% CI, 1.64 to 2.56; P<0.001) higher and risk of deep incisional SSI was 6.92-fold (95% CI, 1.62 to 29.52; P=0.009) higher for those with stage 5 CKD/ESKD. Risk of early postoperative mortality increased with declining preoperative eGFR, such that patients with stage 3b CKD were 3.27 (95% CI, 1.82 to 5.89; P<0.001) times more likely to die compared with those with normal kidney function. However, absolute mortality rates remained relatively low at 0.53% in those with stage 3b CKD. Furthermore, absolute mortality rates were <0.5% in those with stages 4 and 5 CKD, and these advanced CKD stages were not independently associated with an increased risk of early postoperative mortality.

Conclusions
Increased severity of kidney disease was associated with increased complications after bariatric surgery. However, even for the population with advanced CKD, the absolute rates of postoperative complications were low. The mounting evidence for bariatric surgery as a renoprotective intervention in people with and without established kidney disease suggests that bariatric surgery should be considered a safe and effective option for patients with CKD.