bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploiting periodic orbits as dynamical clues for Kepler and K2 systems
Authors: Antoniadou Kyriaki I. , Libert Anne-Sophie 
Published: June 2020

Aims. Many extrasolar systems possessing planets in mean-motion resonance or resonant chain have been discovered to date. The transit method coupled with transit timing variation analysis provides an insight into the physical and orbital parameters of the systems, but suffers from observational limitations. When a (near-)resonant planetary system resides in the dynamical neighbourhood of a stable periodic orbit, its long-term stability, and thus survival, can be guaranteed. We use the intrinsic property of the periodic orbits, namely their linear horizontal and vertical stability, to validate or further constrain the orbital elements of detected two-planet systems.
Methods. We computed the families of periodic orbits in the general three-body problem for several two-planet Kepler and K2 systems. The dynamical neighbourhood of the systems is unveiled with maps of dynamical stability.
Results. Additional validations or constraints on the orbital elements of K2-21, K2-24, Kepler-9, and (non-coplanar) Kepler-108 near-resonant systems were achieved. While a mean-motion resonance locking protects the long-term evolution of the systems K2-21 and K2-24, such a resonant evolution is not possible for the Kepler-9 system, whose stability is maintained through an apsidal anti-alignment. For the Kepler-108 system, we find that the stability of its mutually inclined planets could be justified either solely by a mean-motion resonance, or in tandem with an inclination-type resonance. Going forward, dynamical analyses based on periodic orbits could yield better constrained orbital elements of near-resonant extrasolar systems when performed in parallel to the fitting of the observational data.
The problem of introduction of rare and endangered plants of the middle Urals’ flora
Authors: Karpukhin M. Y. , Abramchuk A. V. 
Published: June 2020

The problem of gene pool protection of wild plant species has gained a special relevance in modern times. In connection with the growth of population there is an increase in economic activity of human beings and their active influence on nature: wild lands plowing, overpasses plotting, construction of new and widening the boundaries of existing settlements. In addition, intensive harvesting of plants as medicinal, decorative, food, forage, etc is in progress. All this has a negative effect on the condition of wild plants: their stocks are declining, and some species are disappearing at all. A number of plants such as: spring adonis (Adonis vernalis L.), martagon lily [Liliumpilosisculum(Freyn)) Miscz,L.], butterfly orchid [Platantherabifolia(L.) Rchb], PaeoniaanomalaL. , rosewort (Rhodiolarosea L.) in their status, they belong to the group of rare and endangered species, they are listed in the Red Book of the Middle Urals, and their conservation requires introduction.
The study found that the species studied are culturally resistant, adapting well to new conditions. During the growth process, they went through all phenological phases, ending the development cycle with the fruiting phase with seed formation. Seeds with high enough sowing properties was provided by martagon lily, for which self-seeding is characteristic; low germination of seeds is noted in Rhodiolarosea L. and Platantherabifolia (L.) Rchb.
Semi-annual, annual and Universal Time variations in the magnetosphere and in geomagnetic activity: 2. Response to solar wind power input and relationships with solar wind dynamic pressure and magnetospheric flux transport
Authors: Lockwood Mike , McWilliams Kathryn A. , Owens Mathew J. , Barnard Luke A. , Watt Clare E. , Scott Chris J. , Macneil Allan R. , Coxon John C. 
Published: June 2020

This is the second in a series of papers that investigate the semi-annual, annual and Universal Time (UT) variations in the magnetosphere. We present a varied collection of empirical results that can be used to constrain theories and modelling of these variations. An initial study of two years’ data on transpolar voltage shows that there is a semi-annual variation in magnetospheric flux circulation; however, it is not as large in amplitude as that in geomagnetic activity, consistent with the latter showing a non-linear (quadratic) variation with transpolar voltage. We find that during the persistent minimum of the UT variation in geomagnetic activity, between about 2 and 10 UT, there is also a persistent decrease in observed transpolar voltage, which may be, in part, caused by a decrease in reconnection voltage in the nightside cross-tail current sheet. We study the response of geomagnetic activity to estimated power input into the magnetosphere using interplanetary data from 1995 onwards, an interval for which the data are relatively free of data gaps. We find no consistent variation in the response delay with time-of-year F and, using the optimum lag, we show that the patterns of variation in F-year spectrograms are very similar for geomagnetic activity and power input into the magnetosphere, both for average values and for the occurrence of large events. The Russell–McPherron (R–M) mechanism is shown to be the central driver of this behaviour. However, the (R–M) effect on power input into the magnetosphere is small and there is a non-linear amplification of the semi-annual variation in the geomagnetic response, such that a very small asymmetry in power input into the magnetosphere Pα between the “favourable” and “unfavourable” polarities of the IMF BY component generates a greatly amplified geomagnetic response. The analysis strongly indicates that this amplification is associated with solar wind dynamic pressure and its role in squeezing the near-Earth tail and so modulating the storage and release of energy extracted from the solar wind. In this paper, we show that the equinoctial pattern is found in the residuals of fits of Pα to the am index and that the amplitude of these equinoctial patterns in the am fit residuals increases linearly with solar wind dynamic pressure. Similarly, the UT variation in am is also found in these fit residuals and also increases in amplitude with solar wind dynamic pressure.
Routine Use of Swallowing Outcome Measures Following Head and Neck Cancer in a Multidisciplinary Clinic Setting
Authors: Zuydam Annette C. , Rogers Simon N. , Grayson Kate , Probert Clare F. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Introduction Chemoradiotherapy treatment for head and neck cancer (HNC) can have a major impact on swallowing function and health-related quality of life.The use of outcome measures in early detection of patients with swallowing problems provides the opportunity for targeting speech and language therapy (SLT) interventions to aid adaption and promote better clinical outcomes.
Objective The purpose of the present study was to assess relationships between four outcomes measures over time, in a cohort of HNC patients, treated by (chemo-)radiotherapy.
Methods Data were collected at 3 months and 12 months, on 49 consecutive patients with primary squamous cell cancer of the oropharynx, nasopharynx or hypopharynx stage T1–4, N0–2b, M0 disease.
Results Out of 49 eligible patients, 45 completed assessment at 3 months and 20 at 12 months. The 3-month outcomes gave a strong indication of performance at 1 year. There were several strong correlations found between measures. The strongest was between the 3-month Performance Status Scale for Head and Neck Cancer (PSSHN) and the 12-month PSSHN (rs = 0.761, n = 17), the 12-month PSSHN and the 12-month Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS) (rs = 0.823, n = 20), and the 12-month University of Washington Head and Neck Quality of Life (UWQoL) swallow and the 12-month Water Swallow Test (WST) capacity (rs = 0.759, n = 17).
Conclusion The UW-QoL swallow item and WST are easy to incorporate into routine care and should be used as part of a standard assessment of swallow outcome. These measures can serve to help screen patients for dysfunction and focus allocation of resources for those who would benefit from more comprehensive assessment and intervention by SLT.
The Role of Imaging in the Preoperative Assessment of Patients with Nasal Obstruction and Septal Deviation—A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Carmel-Neiderman Narin Nard , Safadi Ahmad , Wengier Anat , Ziv-Baran Tomer , Warshavsky Anton , Ringel Barak , Horowitz Gilad , Fliss Dan M. , Abergel Avraham 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Introduction Isolated nasal obstruction (INO) is a common complaint of multiple etiology. The preoperative evaluation of patients presenting with nasal obstruction and deviated nasal septum (DNS) does not typically include imaging. The benefits of performing computed tomography (CT) in the preoperative setting are inconclusive.
Objective Assessing the contribution of preoperative CT to the surgical treatment of non-sinusitis patients presenting with INO and DNS.
Methods A retrospective cohort study on patients referred to surgery for nasal obstruction due to DNS or turbinate hypertrophy between 2006 and 2015. Data was retrieved from patients' medical charts. The CT scans and clinical data were reassessed by a second surgeon blinded to the patients' clinical course.
Results Seventy of the 843 patients (8.06%) who underwent endoscopic sinonasal procedures during the study period had presented with INO and met the inclusion criteria. Thirty-eight (55.88%) of them underwent CT scans during their preoperative assessment. Modification of the initial preoperative planning based on the radiological findings was required in 32 cases (84.2%). When reassessed by a second blinded surgeon, 58% of cases required surgical modification rather than classical submucosal resection of nasal septum and turbinate reduction (P = 0.048).
Conclusion Computed tomography was found beneficial in the preoperative planning for patients with INO. The original surgical plan based upon physical examination findings was modified based on radiological findings in 84.2% of the patients.
Supplementary pressure comparison from 10 MPa to 100 MPa in hydraulic media at gauge mode
Authors: Durgut Y , Vámossy C , Petrovski N , Kaçarski V , Tomçini B , Djurić P , Vulić A , Al-Jattal N , Justice B K , Alotaibi H M , Alanazi Naif A , Dapkeviciene K , Brzozowski A , Setina J , Bermanec L G , Geel J V , Saxholm S , Altintas A , Bošnjaković A , Ališić  , Hetherington P 
Published: June 2020

The regional supplementary comparison EURAMET.M.P-S13 for pressure measurements in liquid media from 10 MPa to 100 MPa was piloted by the TÜBİTAK UME Pressure Laboratory, Turkey. The transfer standard was a digital pressure gauge, serial number 116321, manufactured by Paroscientific Inc. Eighteen laboratories participated in this comparison. Fourteen laboratories are from EURAMET region; namely UME, MKEH, BoM, DPM, DMDM, MBM, GUM, IMT, HMI/FSB-LPM, VSL, VTT MIKES, FORCE Technology, IMBIH, NSAI NML. VMC is from COOMET and QAF, EMI, SASO NMCC are from GULFMET region.

Main text

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Final report on EURAMET project 1395/EURAMET.M.FF-K4.1.2016: volume comparison at 20 L
Authors: Malengo A , Batista E , Arias R , Mićić L , Bošnjaković A , Mirjana M , Piluri E , Svendsen G K , Huu M de , Sarevska A , Mišovich M , Turnšek U , Xhuraj A , Miteva M , Milkamanavičienė I , Smits E , Terradillos González J Á , Wennergren P , Niessner A , Czibulka C , Benkova M 
Published: June 2020

During the EURAMET TC-F annual meeting, held in Boras in 2015, it was agreed to perform the follow up of the CCM.FF-K4.1.2011 organized for the EURAMET NMIs for volume of liquids at 20 L. The transfer standard was a 20 L pipette supplied by CENAM. The participants of this comparison also involved in the comparison CCM.FF-K4.1.2011 were: CENAM, INRIM, IPQ, RISE and VSL, in total there were twenty-one participants. The comparison was organized in two petals, INIRM perform three measurements, at the beginning, after the first petal and at the end of the circulation. The comparison measurements started in April 2016 and ended in October 2017. It should be noted that most of the participants (thirteen) declared an expanded uncertainty less than 0,005 %.

Main text

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
For physics majors, gender differences in introductory physics do not inform future physics performance
Authors: Whitcomb Kyle M , Singh Chandralekha 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Analysis of institutional data for physics majors showing predictive relationships between required mathematics and physics courses in various years is important for contemplating how the courses build on each other and whether there is need to make changes to the curriculum for the majors to strengthen these relationships. We used 15 years of institutional data at a US-based large research university to investigate how introductory physics and mathematics courses predict male and female physics majors’ performance on required advanced physics and mathematics courses. We used structure equation modeling (SEM) to investigate these predictive relationships and find that among introductory and advanced physics and mathematics courses, there are gender differences in performance in favor of male students only in the introductory physics courses after controlling for high school GPA. We found that a measurement invariance fully holds in a multi-group SEM by gender, so it was possible to carry out analysis with gender mediated by introductory physics and high school GPA. Moreover, we find that these introductory physics courses that have gender differences do not predict performance in advanced physics courses. In other words, students could be using invalid data about their introductory physics performance to make their decision about whether physics is the right field for them to pursue, and those invalid data in introductory physics favor male students. Also, introductory mathematics courses predict performance in advanced mathematics courses which in turn predict performance in advanced physics courses. Furthermore, apart from the introductory physics courses that do not predict performance in future physics courses, there is a strong predictive relationship between the sophomore, junior and senior level physics courses.
Reference dosimetry in MRI-linacs: evaluation of available protocols and data to establish a Code of Practice
Authors: de Pooter Jacco , Billas Ilias , de Prez Leon , Duane Simon , Kapsch Ralf-Peter , Karger Christian P , van Asselen Bram , Wolthaus Jochem 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
With the rapid increase in clinical treatments with MRI-linacs, a consistent, harmonized and sustainable ground for reference dosimetry in MRI-linacs is needed. Specific for reference dosimetry in MRI-linacs is the presence of a strong magnetic field. Therefore, existing Code of Practices (CoPs) are inadequate. In recent years, a vast amount of papers have been published in relation to this topic. The purpose of this review paper is twofold: to give an overview and evaluate the existing literature for reference dosimetry in MRI-linacs and to discuss whether the literature and datasets are adequate and complete to serve as a basis for the development of a new or to extend existing CoPs.
This review is prefaced with an overview of existing MRI-linac facilities. Then an introduction on the physics of radiation transport in magnetic fields is given. The main part of the review is devoted to the evaluation of the literature with respect to the following subjects:
• beam characteristics of MRI-linac facilities;
• formalisms for reference dosimetry in MRI-linacs;
• characteristics of ionization chambers in the presence of magnetic fields;
• ionization chamber beam quality correction factors; and
• ionization chamber magnetic field correction factors.
The review is completed with a discussion as to whether the existing literature is adequate to serve as basis for a CoP. In addition, it highlights subjects for future research on this topic.
Characterization of a multi-pinhole molecular breast tomosynthesis scanner
Authors: Wang Beien , van Roosmalen Jarno , Kreuger Rob , Huizenga Jan , Beekman Freek J , Goorden Marlies C 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In recent years, breast imaging using radiolabelled molecules has attracted significant interest. Our group has proposed a multi-pinhole molecular breast tomosynthesis (MP-MBT) scanner to obtain 3D functional molecular breast images at high resolutions. After conducting extensive optimisation studies using simulations, we here present a first prototype of MP-MBT and evaluate its performance using physical phantoms. The MP-MBT design is based on two opposing gamma cameras that can image a lightly compressed pendant breast. Each gamma camera consists of a 250 × 150 mm2 detector equipped with a collimator with multiple pinholes focusing on a line. The NaI(Tl) gamma detector is a customised design with 3.5 mm intrinsic spatial resolution and high spatial linearity near the edges due to a novel light-guide geometry and the use of square PMTs. A volume-of-interest is scanned by translating the collimator and gamma detector together in a sequence that optimises count yield from the scan region. Derenzo phantom images showed that the system can reach 3.5 mm resolution for a clinically realistic 99mTc activity concentration in an 11-minute scan, while in breast phantoms the smallest spheres visible were 6 mm in diameter for the same scan time. To conclude, the experimental results of the novel MP-MBT scanner showed that the setup had sub-centimetre breast tumour detection capability which might facilitate 3D molecular breast cancer imaging in the future.
Novel vertical power MOSFET with partial GaN/Si heterojunction to improve breakdown voltage by breakdown point transfer terminal technology
Authors: Wang Xiameng , Duan Baoxing , Yang Xin , Yang Yintang 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In this paper, the vertical power MOSFET with partial GaN/Si heterojunction is proposed, and the partial GaN/Si heterojunction double-diffused MOSFET (partial GaN/Si VDMOS) and U-shaped MOSFET (partial GaN/Si UMOS) are simulated. Thanks to the breakdown point transfer technology, the breakdown point is transferred from the high electric field area to the low electric field area, therefore, the breakdown voltage (BV) is improved. Different types of dangling bonds are introduced to simulate the influence of different interface state densities on the forward characteristics of the device, the proposed structure alleviates the influence of interface state occurring in the whole GaN/Si heterojunction VDMOS and UMOS (GaN/Si VDMOS and GaN/Si UMOS). The results show that the BV and the specific on-resistance of partial GaN/Si VDMOS are 325 V and 10.17 mΩ cm2, and of partial GaN/Si UMOS are 279 V and 2.34 mΩ cm2, all of which break the limit relation of silicon.
Pair correlations in the normal phase of an attractive Fermi gas
Authors: Pini M , Pieri P , Jäger M , Denschlag J Hecker , Strinati G Calvanese 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In a recent paper (2019 Phys. Rev. A
99, 053617), the total number of fermion pairs in a spin-balanced two-component Fermi gas of 6Li atoms was experimentally probed in the normal phase above the superfluid critical temperature, in order to investigate the sectors of pseudogap and preformed-pair in the temperature–coupling phase diagram. Here, we present a theoretical account of these experimental results in terms of an ab initio self-consistent t-matrix calculation, which emphasizes the role of the pair-correlation function between opposite-spin fermions at equilibrium. Good agreement is found between the available experimental data and the theoretical results obtained with no adjustable parameter.
Flagellar length control in biflagellate eukaryotes: time-of-flight, shared pool, train traffic and cooperative phenomena
Authors: Patra Swayamshree , Jülicher Frank , Chowdhury Debashish 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Flagella of eukaryotic cells are transient long cylindrical protrusions. The proteins needed to form and maintain flagella are synthesized in the cell body and transported to the distal tips. What ‘rulers’ or ‘timers’ a specific type of cells use to strike a balance between the outward and inward transport of materials so as to maintain a particular length of its flagella in the steady state is one of the open questions in cellular self-organization. Even more curious is how the two flagella of biflagellates, like Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, communicate through their base to coordinate their lengths. In this paper we develop a stochastic model for flagellar length control based on a time-of-flight (ToF) mechanism. This ToF mechanism decides whether or not structural proteins are to be loaded onto an intraflagellar transport (IFT) train just before it begins its motorized journey from the base to the tip of the flagellum. Because of the ongoing turnover, the structural proteins released from the flagellar tip are transported back to the cell body also by IFT trains. We represent the traffic of IFT trains as a totally asymmetric simple exclusion process (TASEP). The ToF mechanism for each flagellum, together with the TASEP-based description of the IFT trains, combined with a scenario of sharing of a common pool of flagellar structural proteins in biflagellates, can account for all key features of experimentally known phenomena. These include ciliogenesis, resorption, deflagellation as well as regeneration after selective amputation of one of the two flagella. We also show that the experimental observations of Ishikawa and Marshall are consistent with the ToF mechanism of length control if the effects of the mutual exclusion of the IFT trains captured by the TASEP are taken into account. Moreover, we make new predictions on the flagellar length fluctuations and the role of the common pool.
Entropic time–energy uncertainty relations: an algebraic approach
Authors: Bertoni Christian , Yang Yuxiang , Renes Joseph M 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
We address entropic uncertainty relations between time and energy or, more precisely, between measurements of an observable G and the displacement r of the G-generated evolution e−irG
. We derive lower bounds on the entropic uncertainty in two frequently considered scenarios, which can be illustrated as two different guessing games in which the role of the guessers are fixed or not. In particular, our bound for the first game improves the previous result by Coles et al [Phys. Rev. Lett. 122 100401 (2019)]. To derive our bounds, we extend a recently proposed novel algebraic method by Gao et al [arXiv:1710.10038 [quant-ph]] which was used to derive both strong subadditivity and entropic uncertainty relations for measurements.