bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis N doped TÍO2/PTFE by solvothermal method and their self cleaning performance
Authors: Aini F N , Hastuti S , Wahyuningsih S 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Nitrogen-doped TiO2/PTFE with unique characteristic and photocatalytic self cleaning activity under visible light were successfully produced using a modified solvothermal method with urea as the nitrogen source. This study combines photocatalyst of inorganic materials (TiO2) with superhydrophobic polymers (PTFE) for self cleaning glass coating. The X-Ray Diffraction show that the composite crystalline and new peak formed as indicated of PTFE. FTIR showed the presence of C-F groups on N doped TiO2, which showed the composite had successfully formed. The morphology by scanning electron microscopy showed that agglomeration formed from N doped TiO2/PTFE. The composite coatings showed a contact angle of 111.4 °. The results confirm that the synthesized TiO2 were successfully doped with nitrogen and composite with PTFE, allowing a higher photocatalytic activity. The composite N doped TiO2/PTFE has competely coated on a glass substrate and enable to degrade methylene blue up to 79.9% for 1 hour irradiation.
Slow pyrolysis of coconut wood (Cocos nucifera L.) and bio-char compositions
Authors: Pranoto  , Widjonarko D M , Rafidah S , Elmatiana E 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Biomass in the form of coconut wood (Cocos nucifera L.) was pyrolysed in an externally heated batch reactor. In order to determine the lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose content was used a Van Soest method as reference method. The effects of final temperature and heating rate on the yields and compositions of the bio-char were investigated. Pyrolysis runs were performed using reactor temperatures were 375 °C, 475 °C and 575 °C with heating rates of 5 min−1, 10 min−1 and 20 min−1. The bio-char yields were significantly influenced by the process conditions. The result showed that the bio-char mass decreased with increasing the final temperature, but increased with the increase of heating rate. The activation energy increases with increasing final temperature and heating rate. While the highest activation energy was 38.89 kJ mol−1 and the obtained on bio-char product amounted to 6858.84 cal/g at the final temperature 575 °C and heating rate 5 min−1. It was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. This study showed that FTIR spectra have the potential to be an important source of information for a quick evaluation of the chemical composition of coconut wood (Cocos nucifera L.).
The effect of temperature on lignin purification from bioethanol production waste based on palm oil empty fruit bunch
Authors: Lestari W A , Utami M R , Istiqomah A , Setiawan A H 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In this study, the optimal condition of lignin purification from bioethanol production waste based on palm oil empty fruit bunch has been conducted. Purification of Lignin through two steps are impurities precipitation in pH 7 and lignin purification in pH 2 simultaneously with variation temperature. The concentration of lignin determines by spectrophotometer UV-Vis and thermal analysis to determine the ratio of lignin content and residual content. It was found that in lignin purification step, the lowest lignin concentration is at temperature 30°C with the concentration of lignin is 8.388% and the highest residual content is at temperature 60°C with % residual combustion is 26.652%. The optimal temperature at pH 2 for lignin purification is 50 °C with a lignin concentration is 73.854% and the residual combustion is 27.956%.
Optimizing antioxidant substances extraction produced by Holothuria atra using ultrasonic with response surface method
Authors: Murniasih T , Muthi’ah  , Widjanarko S B 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This study was to discover the effect of ultrasonic extraction based on the factors of extraction time and amplitude, to increase the yield recovery of H. atra extract and antioxidant activity (IC50). The process in optimizing ultrasonic extraction was performed using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with Central Composite Design (CCD). H. atra extract produced by the 2 different extraction methods indicated a significant difference in yield (maceration 5.48%, ultrasonic 10.43%) and antioxidant activity (maceration 149.38 ppm, ultrasonic 84.85 ppm). The antibacterial activity against B. subtilis, E. coli, and S. aureus), also the toxicity LC50 at 457.77: 443.63 ppm were not significantly difference. It was found that ultrasonic extraction method needs shorter time with higher yield and more antioxidant activity. The sea cucumber extract that was produced from the ultrasonic method contains alkaloid, triterpenoid, and saponin, while steroid undetected, and from the maceration method contains no alkaloid and steroid.
Wound healing activity of skin incision and skin burn from spray gel formula contains combination of banana stem (Musa acuminata Colla) and Aloe vera ethanol extracts on mice
Authors: Kundarto W , Pangesti K A Y , Shabrina F , Sasongko H 
Published: July 2020

AbstractVarious studies reports the activity of wound healing from banana stem (Musa species) and alsoAloe veraindividually. This research purpose are to identify the wound healing activity of skin incision and skin burn animal model from spray gel formula contains combination ofMusa paradisiacaColla andAloe veraL ethanol extracts on mice. This research were used randomized post test only control group design. Each of incision wound and burn wound models were used 28 mice and divided into 7 group. Group I was given with banana stem extract (BSE) 10%. Group II was given withAloe veraextract (AVE) 10%. Group III was given with 7,5% BSE and 2,5% AVE. Group IV was given with 5% BSE and 5% AVE. Group V was given with 2,5% BSE and 7,5% AVE. Group VI and group VII (povidone iodine) as vehicle and positive control respectively. All group were sprayed twice a day from first day until seventh day after skin incision/burn induction, and length of wound/wound diameter were observed everyday. The result showed that combination of BSE and AVE had wound healing activity in both wound model which did not different significantly compared with individual extract.
The effect of heat treatment on antioxidant activity of ethyl acetate extracts Arbila beans from Kapan, East Nusa Tenggara
Authors: Funome H , Pangastuti A , Setyaningsih R 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Oxidative stress is a condition of imbalance between free radicals and antioxidants in the body. This condition is dangerous because free radicals easily react with biomolecules such as DNA and protein, causing damage. This oxidative stress can be prevented by intake of antioxidants in food or supplements. Arbila beans (Phaseolus lunatus L.) is a bean species that grows in East Timor and had been utilized by the local community from a long time ago. This research was aimed to analyze the antioxidant activity of Arbila bean ethyl acetate extract. The results of the research showed that antioxidants activity, which was expressed in IC50 value, was detected on the ethyl acetate extract of Arbila bean which is not cooked or cooked. The IC50 value of dry extract (LKE) and cooked extract (LRE) were 197.61 μg/mL and 207.93 μg/mL. Based on qualitative with HPLC, dry extract has 10 compounds and after given heat treatment is reduced to 6 compunds.
Microencapsulation of riboflavin (vitamin B2) using alginate and chitosan : effect of alginate and chitosan concentration upon encapsulation efficiency
Authors: Danarto YC. , Rochmadi  , Budhijanto  
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Riboflavin (Vitamin B2) plays an important role in the human tissue development, the production of red blood cells and helps release energy by breaking down proteins, fats and carbohydrates. Riboflavin cannot be produced the human body therefore must be supplied outside via dairy food. Riboflavin is very sensitive and unstable to environmental influence such as light and reduction agent. One of technology for maintaining the stability of riboflavin is microencapsulation which is composed of polymer matrix containing riboflavin. Na-alginate was chosen because it has properties such as biodegradable, biocompatibility, and non-toxic. Na-alginate also has a high loading capacity of riboflavin but Na-alginate is also easy to release riboflavin. Solving this issue, Na-alginate was coated with chitosan and the layer is then reinforced by crosslinking process with glutaraldehyde. The process of forming micro-sized particles was carried out by the emulsification ionic-gel method. This research aims to study the microencapsulation process of riboflavin with Na-alginate and chitosan. This research also studied the effect of Na-alginate and chiton concentrations upon encapsulation efficiency. The research showed that microencapsulation of riboflavin with alginate and chitosan can be done. The results showed that the Na-alginate and chitosan concentrations had an effect on the encapsulation efficiency. The increase in the concentration of alginate and chitosan will make the encapsulation efficiency higher until it finally reaches the optimum point. Encapsulation efficiency will drop past that point. The optimum point for Na-alginate and chitosan concentration are 3% and 2% respectively.
Nanocomposite mesoporous silica-alginate hydrogels for extended delivery of antibiotics
Authors: Michael  , Caroline S , Lady J , Prasetyanto E A 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Bacterial infection is one of major health problems in Indonesia. Improper use of antibiotics can further trigger antibiotics resistant bacteria which then worsen the situation. One of key challenges to avoid problem is to provide antibiotics delivery system that can release antibiotics in certain time window. In this work, we develop drug delivery system with tuneable release rate of antibiotics. The system will consist of porous silica nanoparticles of size of about 150 to 200 nm, that will be encapsulated in large micrometres size gel particles to allow the protection of the drug and avoid its early release. To understand the release behaviour, the system is tested under simulated gastric fluid.
Development of Hybrid Gelatine/Alginate/PVA Hydrogels for Extended Delivery of Antibiotics
Authors: Mujono A. , Evelyn J. , Prasetyanto E.A. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Low compliance during consumption of antibiotics will result higher risk to antibiotic resistance. By modifying the release rate of the antibiotic, the patient will be able to consume antibiotics in less frequency while maintaining a stable drug concentration in the plasma, thus lowering the risk of antibiotic resistance. In this work, we report the use of hybrid hydrogels based on the Gelatine/Alginate/PVA as drug release controller of Cefixime, one of the most used antibiotics in Indonesia. The presence of Gelatine, PVA and Cefixime in the hydrogel system was analysed by FTIR spectroscopy. The release of Cefixime from the system is monitored under simulated gastric fluid. The results show that the release rate of the cefixime can be controlled by varying formulation of the hydrogels system. The presence of PVA in the formulation increase the release rate of the Cefixime.
Cathafiline from Cassytha filiformis and BR-Xanthone A from Garcinia mangostana as potential bone morphogenetic protein receptor type I (BMPR-I) inhibitor for iron-refractory iron deficiency anemia in silico
Authors: Suselo Y H , Alhaqq A , Indarto D 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Oral iron supplementation has become a standard therapy for anemia around the world but some anemic patients are not responsive to it, as well known as Iron Refractory Iron Deficiency Anemia (IRIDA). One of the causes of IRIDA is BMPR-I activation. LDN-193189 is a synthetic small molecule that is developed for inhibition of BMPR-I. In the human liver, this receptor consists of 4 isoforms of Activin Like Kinase (ALK) 1, 2, 3, and 6. However, the synthetic molecule is not specifically bind to BMPR-I. This study aimed to identify Indonesian phytochemicals that can inhibit BMPR-I as IRIDA therapy with molecular docking approach. This bioinformatics study used 517 phytochemicals, which were registered in HerbalDB, had molecular structure and met the criteria for Lipinski’s rule of five. Three dimensional structure of LDN-193189 as a standard compound was found in complex with BMPR-I subtype ALK2 and obtained from Protein Data Bank (ID: 3Q4U). The AutoDock Vina 1.1.2. software was used to perform molecular docking between LDN-193189-ALK2 and phytochemicals-ALK-2. Binding complexes of ALK2 and LDN-193189/phytochemicals were visualized using PyMol 1.3 and Chimera 1.12 programs. The potential candidate of BMPR-I inhibitor was analysed based on docking score, binding site and conformation of phytochemicals toward ALK2. It revealed that BR-Xanthone A had lower docking score than LDN-193189 (-11.40 kcal/mol vs 11.30 kcal/mol). Phytochemicals which have hydrogen bonds to ATP binding site of ALK2 and similar conformation with LDN-193189 were Cathafiline and BR-Xanthone A. Both of those phytochemicals met the criteria of Lipinski’s rule of five. Cathafiline and BR-Xanthone A were potential as inhibitor BMPR-I for treatment of IRIDA.
Effect of TiO2Addition on Optical Properties of TeO2-ZnO-PbO Glasses
Authors: Marzuki Ahmad , Fausta Devara Ega 
Published: July 2020

AbstractGlasses with composition (in mol%): 60TeO2-(30-x)ZnO-10PbO-xTiO2(TZPb:Ti) (where x = 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4) have been fabricated and characterised in order to study their physical and optical properties. Density and refractive index of glasses were measured at room temperature by applying Archimedes’s principle and Brewster’s angle method, respectively. Absorption spectra within range of UV-VIS-NIR were measured at room temperature using UV-VIS Spectrophotometer while those at IR range using FTIR. We have shown that density decreases with the increase of TiO2while refractive index and optical energy band gap behave conversely.
Temperature-dependent photoluminescence of H2TPP and ZnTPP thin films on Si substrates
Authors: Nurhayati  , Suendo V , Nugroho A A , Alni A 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Temperature-dependent photoluminescence (PL) properties of tetraphenyl porphyrin (H2TPP) and Zinc-tetraphenyl porphyrin (ZnTPP) thin films on the silicon substrates has been investigated. The photoluminescence (PL) properties are observed within the temperature range of 163–543 °K. The 405 nm diode laser beam is used to excite the molecule during the photoluminescence measurement. The integrated PL intensity exhibits abnormal behaviour, the intensity decreases with temperature in the temperature range of 163-273 °K, and then followed by the increase in the further temperature range of 273-543 °K. This anomaly reflects the competition between the radiative recombination process and the non-radiative recombination processes, i.e. carrier capture, thermalization, and carrier relaxation processes. The peak energy of 0-0 and 0-1 transitions show a red-shift with temperature, while their full width at half maximum increases.
Starch-based biofoams reinforced with microcrystalline cellulose from banana stem: Hydrophobicity and Biodegradability
Authors: Fatrozi S , Purwanti L , Sari S K , Ariesta M N , Kusumaningsih T , Marliyana S D 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Microcrystalline cellulose was isolated from the banana stem, an abundant but underutilized bioresource, by using three main steps, specifically bleaching, alkaline treatment and acid hydrolysis. The isolated MC was used to reinforce starch-based biofoams with different loadings of 0%, 2%, 4%, and 6%. The result of contact angle measurement using the LB-ADSA method achieved remarkable increases of contact angle value as the MC loading increased from 0% to 6%. In addition, compared to starch-based biofoams, starch/MC composite biofoams showed improved biodegradability. The starch/MC composite biofoams displayed good hydrophobicity properties that can potentially represent a sustainable and green alternative for packaging and insulation materials.
The analytical and numerical solutions of two dimensional heat transfer equation in a multilayered composite cylinder
Authors: Alaa S , Irwansyah  , Kurniawidi D W , Rahayu S 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Heat transfer is one of the most observed phenomena in the fields of aerospace, industry, nuclear, power generation, automotive, etc. Currently, materials for heat transfer are made of composites of various types so that they have different properties from their constituent materials. To understand the phenomenon of heat transfer in order to save costs and risks that can arise, it can be done by simulation. In this paper, we describe analytical and numerical solutions for two dimensional (2D) heat transfer equation in a multilayered composite cylinder. In particular, we use eigen function method to find the analytical solution and finite difference method to generate the numerical solution. The simulation of heat transfer for different time frame carried out using Python 3.7 with Numpy library.
Test The Effectiveness and Characterization of Quartz Sand/Coconut Shell Charcoal Composite as Adsorbent of Manganese Heavy Metal
Authors: Pranoto  , Martini Tri , Astuti Fitri , Maharditya Winda 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The research on the effectiveness and characterization of quartz sand/coconut shell charcoal composite as adsorbent of Manganese (Mn) heavy metal has carried out. Quartz sand was previously activated by using Na2CO3 while the coconut shell charcoal was activated by using HCl 4 M. The adsorbent characterization was carried out by Fourier Transform Infrared Analyzer (FTIR), X-RayDiffraction(XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy-mapping Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-EDX), and Surface Area Analyzer (SAA). The adsorption experiment of the Mn metal was carried out by varying the composition of quartz sand/coconut shell charcoal. The variations were in the number of 100:0, 0:100, 25:75, 50:50, 75:25 (b/b) at the degree of pH 1-6 and contact time 10, 15, 20, 30, 45, 60, 75, and 90 minutes by using batch method. The measurement of final concentration at the equilibrium phase was carried out by using AAS. The optimum adsorption condition of the Mn metal occurred in the comparison of quartz sand/coconut shell charcoal 50:50 (b/b), the best condition at the degree of pH 5, contact time during 30 minutes with adsorption capacity of 0.56 mg/gram. The type of adsorption isotherm of composite quartz sand/coconut shell charcoal adsorbent towards the metal of Mn followed the Freundlich isotherm theory.
Time and Amplitude Effect on Nano Magnesium Oxide Synthesis from Bittern using Sonochemical Process
Authors: Yunita F E , Natasha N C , Sulistiyono E , Rhamdani A R , Hadinata A , Yustanti E 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Magnesium in nature can be found in the form of minerals and seawater. Bittern is a sea-salt industry by-product that contains magnesium and potassium salts. Usually, bittern is discharged back to the sea, even though bittern can be further processed to obtain magnesium contained in it. Magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles can be used in a variety of applications because of their good surface recreation properties. In this study, precipitation of Mg2 + ions from bitterns was carried out using sodium hydroxide to produce magnesium hydroxide. Then, it was calcined and went through sonochemical process to produce nano magnesium oxide. Sonication time and amplitude were used as variables. Sample with sonication time of 16 minutes and amplitude of 30% has the smallest particles with an average diameter of 195.7 nanometers.
Identification of Quartz Sand From the Hills of Gunung Walat at Sukabumi Regency for Raw Materials of Nano Silica Precipitate
Authors: Sulistiyono E , Handayani M , Prasetyo A B , Irawan Y , Febriana E , Sembiring S N , Yustanti E 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Gunung Walat Hills Formation, Sukabumi Regency is an area that has abundant natural quartz sand resource potential. Quartz sand from the Gunung Walat hills is partly in the form of Quartz Wacke which is composed of monochrystaline and polychristaline quartz minerals associated with clay minerals so it has high Al2O3 and Fe2O3 impurities. Until now the use of quartz sand from the hills of Gunung walat has only been used as building material so that it has a low sale value. In this paper, we will examine the potential of quartz sand from Gunung walat hills for the raw material of nano silica precipitates so that it can increase the added value of natural resources of quartz sand. In this paper the results of identification are described by taking samples from unprocessed quartz sand, the results of washing by mining companies and dissolving with sulfuric acid. From the results of the X-Ray Fluorescent analysis it is seen that quartz sand from mining has a silica composition of 85.869% wt, water leaching results by the mining company 93.702% and sulfuric acid leaching results obtained levels of 95.672% wt. The results of SEM-EDX analysis show that impurities Al2O3 and Fe2O3 are in the mineral sludge, not in one complex compound bond on the same grain so it is relatively easier to separate. From the identification results it can be seen that quartz sand from the Gunung Walat hills can be used as a raw material for making nano silica precipitates.
Modal Characterization of Planar Waveguide Formed by Ag+/Na+ Ion Exchange in Soda Lime Glass
Authors: Marzuki Ahmad , Gregorius Seran Daton 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Modal characterization carried out reported in this paper was aimed determining the refractive index and thickness profile of Ag+/Na+ Ion Exchanged planar waveguides formed in Soda Lime Glass. Modal characterization was carried out using prism coupling technique and applied to all waveguides fabricated at temperature of 240 °C, 260 °C and 280 °C and processed for different duration. It was shown that the number of modes tends to increase with the increase of both temperature and duration of ion exchange process.
Decision Support System for Detection of Skin Diseases in Smart Health development planning
Authors: Hartatik  , Aziz Abdul , Hartono Rudi , Abdilah Rizal 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Skin disease is a disease that is quite dangerous and is often found in tropical countries like Indonesia. Lack of knowledge about the types of skin diseases and do not know how to prevent them can cause a person suffering from acute skin disease. Detection of skin diseases is usually done by a dermatologist but actually the detection of skin diseases can be done alone or with the help of others by observing the diagnoses that arise. The expert system is a solution for using computers to help in the early detection of possible skin diseases. Dipen-ku is a expert system which designed to detect naive skin diseases with Bayes. System output is a type of skin disease which is a diagnosis of this type of disease. This expert system is a new innovation in innovation in drug materials that combines treatment technology and bigdata technology to support the design of smart city development.
Chemistry of Natural Dyes of Batik Crafts Colouring Process
Authors: Wahyuningsih S , Rahmawati  , Handayani S R , Setyaningsih  , Ponimah  
Published: July 2020

Abstract
By Fixation technique, we found the increasing stability of natural color. The aim of the study was to evaluate the performance of dyes anthocyanin, mangiferin, curcuma longa, Indigi fera and tannin (tingi) in batik dyeing. The medium was optimized by conditioning of natural dyes from amount quantity of extracted dyes in several condition: acid condition, base condition and also complexation during fixation process usually done in Batik dyeing. It was concluded that the color values were found to be influenced by the addition of namely mordants as complexation agent, consequently different fashion hues were obtained from the same dye extract using different mordants. The chemistry aspect such as an absorption in UV Visible region of each dyes and Infra Red absorption have been studied, and also a typical of fixation model should be noticed as a chemistry of dyes.