bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of hue spectra fingerprinting during cold storage and shelf-life of packaged sweet cherry
Authors: Le Nguyen Lien Phuong , Visy Anna , Baranyai László , Friedrich László , Mahajan Pramod V. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPresented work investigated the application of a new color analysis technique in post-harvest life of sweet cherry (Prunus avium L. ‘Hudson’). The hue spectra fingerprinting creates a histogram of image colors by summarizing the saturation. The advantage of this calculation method is that vivid colors make peaks while neutral background color is eliminated without object segmentation. Partial Least Squares (PLS) regression was used to estimate reference parameters during 9 d cold storage at 10 ± 0.5 °C (RH = 90 ± 1%) and following 2 d shelf-life at 20 ± 0.5 °C. The reference parameters of respiration, weight loss, fruit firmness and total soluble solid (TSS) content were measured. Samples were split into seven groups according to the number of perforations of polypropylene film and fructose concentration of moisture absorber. It was observed that parameters TSS and fruit firmness were the most sensitive to the length of storage. Weight loss was affected significantly by packaging. All reference parameters were estimated by PLS model with R2 > 0.917, but weight loss and respiration obtained high estimation error of RMSE% = 48.02% and 11.76%, respectively. TSS and fruit firmness prediction were successful with RMSE% = 0.84% and 1.85%, respectively. Desiccation and color change of peduncle became visible in the green range of hue spectra. Color change of red fruit was observed with decreasing saturation in the red range of hue spectra. Our findings suggest that hue spectra fingerprinting can be a useful nondestructive method for monitoring quality change of sweet cherry during post-harvest handling and shelf-life.
Disclosure duties in German insurance contract law
Authors: Wandt Manfred , Bork Kevin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis paper analyses disclosure duties in insurance contract law in Germany on the basis of questions developed in preparation of the World Congress of the International Insurance Law Association (AIDA) 2018. As risk factors are within the policyholder’s sphere of knowledge, the insurer naturally depends on gaining such knowledge from its policyholder in order to calculate and evaluate premium and risk. Legal approaches as to how the insurer may obtain relevant information and the legal consequences differ in national insurance contract laws around the globe. Taking part in this legal comparison, the paper describes the key elements of such a mechanism from a German perspective and comprises both duties of the policyholder and duties of the insurer.As for the policyholder, these issues are differences between a duty to (spontaneously) disclose and a duty not to misrepresent as a reaction to questions of the insurer, the prerequisites and remedies of such duty, the subjective standard of the disclosure duty and a duty to notify material changes during the contract term. On the other hand, the paper also addresses an insurer’s duty to investigate, a duty to ascertain the policyholder’s understanding of the policy and a duty to inform during the contract term or after the occurrence of an insured event. In doing so, the paper offers a comprehensive and critical overview on the transfer of knowledge in the insurance (pre-)contractual relationship.
On functions preserving regular semimetrics and quasimetrics satisfying the relaxed polygonal inequality
Authors: Jachymski Jacek , Turoboś Filip 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe obtain characterizations of non-negative functions on $$[0,+\infty )$$

[
0
,
+
∞
)

which preserve some classes of semimetrics. In particular, one of our main results says that for a non-decreasing function $$f:[0,+\infty )\rightarrow [0,+\infty )$$

f
:
[
0
,
+
∞
)
→
[
0
,
+
∞
)

the following statements are equivalent: (i) for any semimetric space (X, d), if d satisfies the relaxed polygonal inequality, then so does $$f\circ d$$

f
∘
d

; (ii) there exist a constant $$c\geqslant 1$$

c
⩾
1

and a subadditive function $$g:[0,+\infty ) \rightarrow [0,+\infty )$$

g
:
[
0
,
+
∞
)
→
[
0
,
+
∞
)

such that $$g^{-1}\left( \{ 0 \} \right) = \{ 0 \}$$

g

-
1

{
0
}

=

{
0
}

and $$g\leqslant f \leqslant cg$$

g
⩽
f
⩽
c
g

. We also obtain a complete characterization of functions preserving regularity of a semimetric space in the sense of Bessenyei and Páles. Finally, we give another proof of the theorem of Pongsriiam and Termwuttipong on functions transforming metrics into ultrametrics.
On the distribution of the Picard ranks of the reductions of a K3 surface
Authors: Costa Edgar , Elsenhans Andreas-Stephan , Jahnel Jörg 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe report on our results concerning the distribution of the geometric Picard ranks ofK3 surfaces under reduction modulo various primes. In the situation that$${\mathop {{\mathrm{rk}}}\nolimits \mathop {{\mathrm{Pic}}}\nolimits S_{{\overline{K}}}}$$rkPicSK¯is even, we introduce a quadratic character, called the jump character, such that$${\mathop {{\mathrm{rk}}}\nolimits \mathop {{\mathrm{Pic}}}\nolimits S_{{\overline{{\mathbb {F}}}}_{\!{{\mathfrak {p}}}}} > \mathop {{\mathrm{rk}}}\nolimits \mathop {{\mathrm{Pic}}}\nolimits S_{{\overline{K}}}}$$rkPicSF¯p>rkPicSK¯for all good primes at which the character evaluates to$$(-1)$$(-1).
Mapping sea-ice types from Sentinel-1 considering the surface-type dependent effect of incidence angle
Authors: Lohse Johannes , Doulgeris Anthony P. , Dierking Wolfgang 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAutomated classification of sea-ice types in Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imagery is complicated by the class-dependent decrease of backscatter intensity with Incidence Angle (IA). In the log-domain, this decrease is approximately linear over the typical range of space-borne SAR instruments. A global correction does not consider that different surface types show different rates of decrease in backscatter intensity. Here, we introduce a supervised classification algorithm that directly incorporates the surface-type dependent effect of IA. We replace the constant mean vector of a Gaussian probability density function in a Bayesian classifier with a linearly variable mean. During training, the classifier first retrieves the slope and intercept of the linear function describing the mean value and then calculates the covariance matrix as the mean squared deviation relative to this function. The IA dependence is no longer treated as an image property but as a class property. Based on training and validation data selected from overlapping SAR and optical images, we evaluate the proposed method in several case studies and compare to other classification algorithms for which a global IA correction is applied during pre-processing. Our results show that the inclusion of the per-class IA sensitivity can significantly improve the performance of the classifier.
Social Categories in Context
Authors: TAYLOR ELANOR 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSocial categories play a central role in inquiry. Some authors have argued that social categories can only play this role because they have a particular metaphysical status, such as a connection to natural kinds or to comparatively joint-carving properties. This reflects the broadly realist idea that categories that play important roles in inquiry do so for metaphysical reasons. In this paper I argue that such metaphysical views of social categories cannot accommodate ‘empty’ social categories, cases in which social categories that cannot have the metaphysical features attributed to them by such accounts still play a central role in inquiry. I defend an alternative approach: context-dependent naturalness, an analogue of metaphysical naturalness that concerns context-dependent, rather than metaphysical, structure.
Formative evaluation results of a phase 2 Center of Biomedical Research Excellence (COBRE)
Authors: Kimberly Judy A. , Rounds Sharon I. , Harrington Elizabeth O. , McNamara Susan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIntroduction:Because a primary focus of Centers of Biomedical Research Excellence (COBRE) is the development of junior-level investigators into competent and successful research scientists, evaluation of their skills, mentoring experiences, and usefulness of COBRE services is paramount to the transition of the Center to a self-sustaining, collaborative, multidisciplinary research environment. A formative evaluation, focused on the processes of a COBRE, was undertaken and is presented here.Methods:Two instruments, one for completion by junior investigators and one for completion by mentors, were developed for the purpose of evaluating this COBRE. Areas of inquiry were relationships between junior investigators and mentors, research self-efficacy, mentee progress, and satisfaction with the COBRE. All eight of the COBRE’s current junior investigators and six of their mentors completed the online questionnaires.Results:Junior investigators were very positive about mentors and vice versa. Junior investigators were least positive about their progress as academicians and most positive about their abilities to develop collaborations with other scholars/professionals. Mentors felt as though junior investigators could benefit most by increasing the number of publications they had generated.Conclusions:Activities provided by the CardioPulmonary Vascular Biology (CPVB) COBRE were extremely positive. Junior investigators felt as though the scientific, academic, and professional development opportunities afforded by this COBRE were integral to their success as researchers; however they would like more assistance developing professional networks (i.e., serving on committees of professional societies). Leadership of the CPVB COBRE may consider expanding the role of their advisory committee to ensure these opportunities are provided.
Cohorting KPC+ Klebsiella pneumoniae (KPC-Kp)–positive patients: A genomic exposé of cross-colonization hazards in a long-term acute-care hospital (LTACH)
Authors: Hawken Shawn E. , Hayden Mary K. , Lolans Karen , Yelin Rachel D. , Weinstein Robert A. , Lin Michael Y. , Snitkin Evan S. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjective:Cohorting patients who are colonized or infected with multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) protects uncolonized patients from acquiring MDROs in healthcare settings. The potential for cross transmission within the cohort and the possibility of colonized patients acquiring secondary isolates with additional antibiotic resistance traits is often neglected. We searched for evidence of cross transmission of KPC+ Klebsiella pneumoniae (KPC-Kp) colonization among cohorted patients in a long-term acute-care hospital (LTACH), and we evaluated the impact of secondary acquisitions on resistance potential.Design:Genomic epidemiological investigation.Setting:A high-prevalence LTACH during a bundled intervention that included cohorting KPC-Kp–positive patients.Methods:Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and location data were analyzed to identify potential cases of cross transmission between cohorted patients.Results:Secondary KPC-Kp isolates from 19 of 28 admission-positive patients were more closely related to another patient’s isolate than to their own admission isolate. Of these 19 cases, 14 showed strong genomic evidence for cross transmission (<10 single nucleotide variants or SNVs), and most of these patients occupied shared cohort floors (12 patients) or rooms (4 patients) at the same time. Of the 14 patients with strong genomic evidence of acquisition, 12 acquired antibiotic resistance genes not found in their primary isolates.Conclusions:Acquisition of secondary KPC-Kp isolates carrying distinct antibiotic resistance genes was detected in nearly half of cohorted patients. These results highlight the importance of healthcare provider adherence to infection prevention protocols within cohort locations, and they indicate the need for future studies to assess whether multiple-strain acquisition increases risk of adverse patient outcomes.
Policies and practices of SHEA Research Network hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Calderwood Michael S. , Deloney Valerie M. , Anderson Deverick J. , Cheng Vincent Chi-Chung , Gohil Shruti , Kwon Jennie H. , Mody Lona , Monsees Elizabeth , Vaughn Valerie M. , Wiemken Timothy L. , Ziegler Matthew J. , Lofgren Eric 
Published: June 2020

AbstractTo understand hospital policies and practices as the COVID-19 pandemic accelerated, the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA) conducted a survey through the SHEA Research Network (SRN). The survey assessed policies and practices around the optimization of personal protection equipment (PPE), testing, healthcare personnel policies, visitors of COVID-19 patients in relation to procedures, and types of patients. Overall, 69 individual healthcare facilities responded in the United States and internationally, for a 73% response rate.
A low dosage of the dopamine D2-receptor antagonist sulpiride affects effort allocation for reward regardless of trait extraversion
Authors: Ohmann Hanno Andreas , Kuper Niclas , Wacker Jan 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Dopamine (DA) is known to be involved in various aspects of reward processing and goal-directed behavior. The present preregistered study aims at directly accessing the causal influence of DA activity on reward motivation in humans, while also accounting for trait extraversion. Therefore, we examined the effect of a single dose of the DA D2 receptor antagonist sulpiride (200 mg) on effort allocation in a modified version of the Effort-Expenditure for Reward Task (EEfRT). Based on its presumably DA increasing action, we expected the low dose of sulpiride to increase participants’ willingness to allocate effort during the modified EEfRT relative to placebo, especially in trials with low probability of reward attainment. Further, we expected a moderating effect of trait extraversion on the effects of sulpiride. Two hundred and three healthy male participants were tested in a randomized, double-blind between-subjects design. Contrary to our expectations, sulpiride reduced the average number of clicks within the modified EEfRT and did not interact with reward attributes, suggesting a more global and not reward-specific effect of sulpiride. Furthermore, trait extraversion did not moderate the effect of sulpiride. Our results provide initial support for the validity of the modified version of the EEfRT, suggesting a possible inhibiting effect of a low dose of sulpiride on approach motivation regardless of trait extraversion. However, given the mixed pattern of findings and the possible confounding role of motoric abilities, further studies examining these effects are clearly warranted.
Measuring patient satisfaction with video consultation: a systematic review of assessment tools and their measurement properties
Authors: Barsom Esther Z. , van Hees Ewout , Bemelman Willem A. , Schijven Marlies P. 
Published: June 2020

BackgroundVideo consultation (VC) is considered promising in delivering healthcare closer to the patient and improving patient satisfaction. Indeed, providing care-at-distance via VC is believed to be promising for some situations and patients, serving their needs without associated concomitant costs. In order to assess implementation and perceived benefits, patient satisfaction is frequently measured. Measuring patient satisfaction with VC in healthcare is often performed using quantitative and qualitative outcome analysis. As studies employ different surveys, pooling of data on the topic is troublesome. This systematic review critically appraises, summarizes, and compares available questionnaires in order to identify the most suitable questionnaire for qualitative outcome research using VC in clinical outpatient care.MethodsPubMed, Embase, and Cochrane were searched for relevant articles using predefined inclusion criteria. Methodological quality appraisal of yielded questionnaires to assess VC was performed using the validated COSMIN guideline.ResultsThis systematic search identified twelve studies that used ten different patient satisfaction questionnaires. The overall quality of nine questionnaires was rated as “inadequate” to “doubtful” according to the COSMIN criteria. None of the questionnaires retrieved completed a robust validation process for the purpose of use.Conclusion and recommendationsAlthough high-quality studies on measurement properties of these questionnaires are scarce, the questionnaire developed by Mekhjian has the highest methodological quality achieving validity on internal consistency and the use of a large sample size. Moreover, this questionnaire can be used across healthcare settings. This finding may be instrumental in further studies measuring patient satisfaction with VC.
Different factors predict adolescent substance use versus adult substance abuse: Lessons from a social-developmental approach
Authors: Allen Joseph P. , Loeb Emily L. , Narr Rachel K. , Costello Meghan A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis 17-year prospective study applied a social-developmental lens to the challenge of distinguishing predictors of adolescent-era substance use from predictors of longer term adult substance use problems. A diverse community sample of 168 individuals was repeatedly assessed from age 13 to age 30 using test, self-, parent-, and peer-report methods. As hypothesized, substance use within adolescence was linked to a range of likely transient social and developmental factors that are particularly salient during the adolescent era, including popularity with peers, peer substance use, parent–adolescent conflict, and broader patterns of deviant behavior. Substance abuse problems at ages 27–30 were best predicted, even after accounting for levels of substance use in adolescence, by adolescent-era markers of underlying deficits, including lack of social skills and poor self-concept. The factors that best predicted levels of adolescent-era substance use were not generally predictive of adult substance abuse problems in multivariate models (either with or without accounting for baseline levels of use). Results are interpreted as suggesting that recognizing the developmental nature of adolescent-era substance use may be crucial to distinguishing factors that predict socially driven and/or relatively transient use during adolescence from factors that predict long-term problems with substance abuse that extend well into adulthood.
Positive and negative parenting in conduct disorder with high versus low levels of callous–unemotional traits
Authors: Pauli Ruth , Tino Peter , Rogers Jack C. , Baker Rosalind , Clanton Roberta , Birch Philippa , Brown Abigail , Daniel Gemma , Ferreira Lisandra , Grisley Liam , Kohls Gregor , Baumann Sarah , Bernhard Anka , Martinelli Anne , Ackermann Katharina , Lazaratou Helen , Tsiakoulia Foteini , Bali Panagiota , Oldenhof Helena , Jansen Lucres , Smaragdi Areti , Gonzalez-Madruga Karen , Gonzalez-Torres Miguel Angel , Gonzalez de Artaza-Lavesa Maider , Steppan Martin , Vriends Noortje , Bigorra Aitana , Siklosi Reka , Ghosh Sreejita , Bunte Kerstin , Dochnal Roberta , Hervas Amaia , Stadler Christina , Fernandez-Rivas Aranzazu , Fairchild Graeme , Popma Arne , Dikeos Dimitris , Konrad Kerstin , Herpertz-Dahlmann Beate , Freitag Christine M. , Rotshtein Pia , De Brito Stephane A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractLess is known about the relationship between conduct disorder (CD), callous–unemotional (CU) traits, and positive and negative parenting in youth compared to early childhood. We combined traditional univariate analyses with a novel machine learning classifier (Angle-based Generalized Matrix Learning Vector Quantization) to classify youth (N = 756; 9–18 years) into typically developing (TD) or CD groups with or without elevated CU traits (CD/HCU, CD/LCU, respectively) using youth- and parent-reports of parenting behavior. At the group level, both CD/HCU and CD/LCU were associated with high negative and low positive parenting relative to TD. However, only positive parenting differed between the CD/HCU and CD/LCU groups. In classification analyses, performance was best when distinguishing CD/HCU from TD groups and poorest when distinguishing CD/HCU from CD/LCU groups. Positive and negative parenting were both relevant when distinguishing CD/HCU from TD, negative parenting was most relevant when distinguishing between CD/LCU and TD, and positive parenting was most relevant when distinguishing CD/HCU from CD/LCU groups. These findings suggest that while positive parenting distinguishes between CD/HCU and CD/LCU, negative parenting is associated with both CD subtypes. These results highlight the importance of considering multiple parenting behaviors in CD with varying levels of CU traits in late childhood/adolescence.
Effective resistivity extraction of low-loss silicon substrates at millimeter-wave frequencies
Authors: Nyssens Lucas , Rack Martin , Raskin Jean-Pierre 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe effective resistivity (ρeff) is a figure of merit commonly used to assess the radio-frequency performance of a substrate from the measurements of coplanar waveguide lines. For highly resistive substrates, such as the trap-rich (TR) substrate, the extractedρeffdecreases by several orders of magnitude at millimeter-wave frequencies. The explanation for this decay is twofold. First, the imaginary part of the characteristic impedance${\rm \lpar \Im }\lpar Z_c\rpar \rpar$is not well extracted, which leads to an incorrect separation of the total losses among the metal and substrate losses. Second, the original expression ofρeffdoes not include dielectric losses, which might become non-negligible at millimeter-wave frequencies. This paper solves both issues by presenting a new procedure to extractρeffand the dielectric losses simultaneously, and by introducing a novel method to correct${\rm \Im }\lpar {Z_c} \rpar$. Furthermore, it is shown that this extraction method enables the correct extraction of substrate parameters up to 220 GHz of TR and high-resistivity silicon substrates. Finally, the origin of the large extracted value of dielectric loss is discussed in the potential presence of surface roughness and surface wave radiation. Both phenomena are discounted thanks to measurements of an additional reflective structure and a standard impedance substrate.
Translating developmental origins of health and disease in practice: health care providers’ perspectives
Authors: Molinaro Monica L. , Evans Marilyn , Regnault Timothy R.H. , de Vrijer Barbra 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCurrently, there is limited knowledge on how health care providers perceive and understand the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD), which may impact how they inform patients and their families throughout the perinatal period. This qualitative descriptive study explored if and how health care providers counsel on in utero programming and future health outcomes with parents, both preconception and during pregnancy. One-on-one, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 23 health care providers from varying health disciplines including obstetrics and gynaecology, midwifery, paediatrics, endocrinology and internal medicine. Audiotaped interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed using inductive thematic analysis. Three themes were identified: Knowledge about DOHaD, Counselling on DOHaD in Practice Settings and Impact of DOHaD on Health. Health care providers not only expressed excitement over the potential health benefits of DOHaD counselling but also indicated barriers to knowledge translation, including a lack of knowledge among providers and a disconnect between basic scientists and practitioners. All health care providers expressed concerns on how and when to introduce the concept of DOHaD when counselling patients and called for the development of practice guidelines. Counselling on DOHaD needs to be framed in a way that is empowering, minimising the potential of coercion and guilt. More interaction and collaboration are needed between health care providers and researchers to identify strategies to support knowledge translation generated from DOHaD research into practice settings.