bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Augmented Exercise in Hospital Improves Physical Performance and Reduces Negative Post Hospitalization Events: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: McCullagh Ruth , O'Connell Eimear , O'Meara Sarah , Dahly Darren , O'Reilly Eilis , O'Connor Kieran , Horgan N.Frances , Timmons Suzanne 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: To measure the effects of an augmented prescribed exercise programme versus usual care, on physical performance, quality of life and healthcare utilisation for frail older medical patients in the acute setting. Methods: This was a parallel single-blinded randomised controlled trial. Within two days of admission, older medical inpatients with an anticipated length of stay ≥3 days, needing assistance/aid to walk, were blindly randomly allocated to the intervention or control group. Until discharge, both groups received twice daily, Monday-to-Friday half-hour assisted exercises, assisted by a staff physiotherapist. The intervention group completed tailored strengthening and balance exercises; the control group performed stretching and relaxation exercises. Length of stay was the primary outcome measure. Blindly assessed secondary measures included readmissions within three months, and physical performance (Short Physical Performance Battery) and quality of life (EuroQOL-5D-5L) at discharge and at three months. Time-to-event analysis was used to measure differences in length of stay, and regression models were used to measure differences in physical performance, quality of life, adverse events (falls, deaths) and negative events (prolonged hospitalisation, institutionalisation). Results: Of the 199 patients allocated, 190 patients’ (aged 80 ±7.5 years) data were analysed. Groups were comparable at baseline. In intention-to-treat analysis, length of stay did not differ between groups (HR 1.09 (95% CI, 0.77-1.56) p=0.6). Physical performance was better in the intervention group at discharge (difference 0.88 (95% CI, 0.20-1.57) p=0.01), but lost at follow-up (difference 0.45 (95% CI, -0.43 – 1.33) p=0.3). An improvement in quality of life was detected at follow-up in the intervention group (difference 0.28 (95% CI, 0.9 – 0.47) p=0.004). Overall, fewer negative events occurred in the intervention group (OR 0.46 (95% CI 0.23 – 0.92) p=0.03). Conclusion: Improvements in physical performance, quality of life and fewer negative events suggest that this intervention is of value to frail medical inpatients. Its effect on length of stay remains unclear.
Supporting the clinical use of the ICF in Japan – Development of the Japanese version of the simple, intuitive descriptions for the ICF Generic-30 Set, its operationalization through a rating reference guide, and interrater reliability study
Authors: Mukaino Masahiko , Prodinger Birgit , Yamada Shin , Senju Yuki , Izumi Shin-Ichi , Sonoda Shigeru , Selb Melissa , Saitoh Eiichi , Stucki Gerold 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: The World Health Organization developed the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) in 2001 and has been in the process of implementing it in clinics since then. Current international efforts to implement ICF in rehabilitation clinics include the implementation of ICF Core Sets and the development of simple, intuitive descriptions for the ICF Generic-30 Set (also called Rehabilitation Set). The present study was designed to operationalize these ICF tools for clinical practice in Japan. This work included 1) the development of the Japanese version of the simple, intuitive descriptions for the ICF Generic-30 Set, 2) the development of a rating reference guide for Activity and Participation categories, and 3) the examination of the interrater reliability of rating Activity and Participation categories.
Methods: The Japanese version of the simple, intuitive descriptions for the ICF Generic-30 Set was developed following the process employed to develop the Chinese and Italian versions.
For further operationalization of this ICF Set in practice, a rating reference guide was developed. The development of the rating reference guide involved the following steps: 1) a trial of rating patients by several raters, 2) cognitive interviewing of the raters to analyze the thinking process involved in rating, 3) drafting of the rating reference guide, and 4) review by ICF specialists to confirm consistency with the original ICF concepts.
After the rating reference guide was developed, interrater reliability of the rating with the reference guide was determined. Interrater reliability was examined using weighted kappa statistics with linear weight.
Results: Through the pre-defined process, the Japanese version of the simple, intuitive descriptions for 30 categories of the ICF Generic-30 Set and the rating reference guides for 21 Activity and Participation categories were successfully developed. The weighted kappa statistics ranged from 0.61 to 0.85, showing substantial to excellent agreement of the ratings between raters.
Conclusions: The present study demonstrates that ICF categories can be translated into clinical practice. Collaboration between clinicians and researchers would further enhance the implementation of the ICF in Japan.
High detection rate of osteoporosis with screening of a general hospitalized population: a 6-year study in 6406 patients in a University Hospital setting.
Authors: Malaise Olivier , Detroz Marie , Leroy Mathieu , Leonori Lorenzo , Seidel Laurence , Malaise Michel 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Osteoporosis is a highly prevalent disease identified by Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) that can be performed in an ambulatory (out-patient) or hospitalized population. We evaluated the use of baseline in-hospital DEXA screening to identify osteoporosis in ambulatory care and hospitalized patients; we also assessed specific risk factors for osteoporosis among these populations. Methods: We included a baseline initial DEXA from 6406 consecutive patients at our tertiary referral University Hospital. Results: Osteoporosis was diagnosed in 22.3% of the study population. In univariate analysis, osteoporosis risk factors were age, fracture history and low BMI (for all 3 sites), but also corticotherapy (lumbar spine and femoral neck) and male (lumbar spine). In multivariate analysis, age, fracture history, low BMI, and male increased osteoporosis risk. In-hospital screening yielded a higher percentage of osteoporosis positive scans than ambulatory care screening (31.8% vs 18.5%, p<0.001).In-hospital screening targeted an older and more predominantly male population with a higher fracture history. Z-scores revealed that this difference was not only due to an older age of the population and mainly concerned cortical bone. Conclusions: In-hospital osteoporosis screening revealed more osteoporosis than screening in ambulatory practiceand could be an additional tool to improve the identification and management of osteoporosis. In addition to typical risk factors, we identified male as an osteoporosis risk factor in our cohort.
Finding an efficient tetramethylated hydroxydiethylene of resveratrol analogue for potential anticancer agent
Authors: Xin Zhen-Hui , Meng Ya-Li , Jiang Wen-Jing , Li Ya-Peng , Ge Li-Ping , Zhang Cun-Hui , Liu Lian-Na , Kang Yan-Fei 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
With the improvement and advance in cancer diagnosis and treatment, the cancer is still a major cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. Obviously, new breakthroughs in therapies remain be urgent needed. In this work, we designed and synthesized the compound 1-4, namely resveratrol analogues with methylation of hydroxy distyrene, to further explore its new anti-cancer potential. Encouragingly, compound 1 (( E )-4,4'-(ethene-1,2-diyl)bis(3,5-dimethylphenol)) exhibited cytotoxicity superior to resveratrol in MCF 7 cells. More importantly, the compound 1 showed greater toxicity to tumor cells than that to normal cells, which proved that it could selectively kill tumor cells. The favorable results encouraged us to explore the inhibitory mechanism of compound 1 on MCF 7 cells. The research finding indicated the compound 1 inhibited tumor cell proliferation by both arresting cell cycle in S phase and apoptosis via a prooxidant manner. In addition, the results further verified compound 1 caused cell cycle arrest in S phase and apoptosis by down-regulation of the cycling A1/cycling A2 expression and the rise of Bax/Bcl-2 ratio in a p21-dependant pathway in MCF 7 cells. Therefore, these results are helpful for the effective design of anticancer reagents and the better understanding of their mechanism of action.
Polymorphic markers for identification of parasite population in Plasmodium malariae
Authors: Mathema Vivek Bhakta , Nakeesathit Supatchara , Pagornrat Watcharee , Smithuis Frank , White Nicholas J , Dondorp Arjen , Imwong Mallika 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Molecular genotyping in Plasmodium serves many aims including providing tools for studying parasite population genetics and distinguishing recrudescence from reinfection. Microsatellite typing, insertion-deletion (INDEL) and single nucleotide polymorphisms is used for genotyping, but only limited information is available for Plasmodium malariae, an important human malaria species. This study aimed to provide a set of genetic markers to facilitate the study of P. malariae population genetics. Methods Markers for microsatellite genotyping and pmmsp1 gene polymorphisms were developed and validated in symptomatic P. malariae field isolates from Myanmar (N=37). Fragment analysis was used to determine allele sizes at each locus to calculate multiplicity of infections (MOI), linkage disequilibrium, genetic richness index, heterozygosity and construct dendrograms. Nucleotide diversity (π), number of haplotypes, and genetic diversity (Hd) were assessed and a phylogenetic tree was constructed. Genome-wide microsatellite maps with annotated regions of newly identified markers were constructed. Results Six microsatellite markers were developed and tested in 37 P. malariae isolates which showed sufficient heterozygosity (0.530-0.922), genetic richness index (0.050-0.250) and absence of linkage disequilibrium (IAS = 0.03, p-value > 0.05)(N=37). In addition, a tandem repeat (VNTR)-based pmmsp1 INDEL polymorphisms marker was developed and assessed in 27 P. malariae isolates showing a nucleotide diversity of 0.0976, haplotype gene diversity of 0.698 and identified 14 unique variants. The size of VNTR consensus repeat unit adopted as allele was 27 base pairs. The markers Pm12_426 andpmmsp1 showed greatest diversity with heterozygosity scores of 0.920 and 0.835, respectively. Using six microsatellites markers, the likelihood that any two parasite strains would have the same microsatellite genotypes was 8.46 × 10-4 and was further reduced to 1.66 × 10-4 when pmmsp1 polymorphisms were included. Conclusions Six novel microsatellites genotyping markers and a set of pmmsp1 VNTR-based INDEL polymorphisms markers for P. malariae were developed and validated. Each marker could be independently or in combination employed to access genotyping of the parasite. The newly developed markers may serve as a useful tool for investigating parasite diversity, population genetics, molecular epidemiology and for distinguishing recrudescence from reinfection in drug efficacy studies.
Loosening and revision rates after total shoulder arthroplasty: a systematic review of cemented all-polyethylene glenoid and design of the modern metal-backed glenoid
Authors: Kim Dong Min , Aldeghaither Mohammed , Alabdullatif Fahad , Shin Myung Jin , Kholinne Erica , Kim Hyojune , Jeon In-Ho , Koh Kyoung-Hwan 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Modern designs of metal-backed glenoids (MBG) have been devised to overcome flaws such as loosening and a high failure rate. This review aimed to compare rates of complications and revision surgeries between the modern metal-backed glenoid (MBG) and the cemented polyethylene glenoid (PEG).Methods: Literature search was carried out using PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and Google Scholar using MeSH terms and natural keywords. A total of 1186 articles were screened. We descriptively analyzed numerical data between the groups and statistically analyzed the categorical data, such as the presence of radiolucent line, loosening, and revision surgery (failure). Articles were divided into 3 groups based on follow-up duration: short-term < 36 months, midterm 36–72 months, and long-term > 72 months.Results: This study included 35 articles (3769 shoulders); 25 on cemented PEG and ten on the modern MBG. Mean age was 66.4 (21–93) and 66.5 years (31–88). The mean duration of follow-up was 73.1 (12–211) and 56.1 months (24–100). Overall, the rate of the radiolucent line was 354/1302 (27%) and 47/282 (17%), the loosening rate was 465/3185 (15 %) and 22/449 (5%), and the failure rate was 189/3316 (6%) and 11/457 (2%), for PEG and MBG, respectively. The results of short- and mid-term FU studies showed lower rates of radiolucency and loosening in the cemented PEG group, but there was no significant difference in failure rate (P=0.754 and 0.829, respectively). In long-term FU, MBG was better in terms of loosening (P <0.001) and failure rates (P = 0.006).Conclusions: The modern MBG component, especially TM glenoid, seems to be a promising alternative to cemented PEGs, based on subgroup revision rates according to the follow-up duration and overall results of ROM and clinical scores. All polyethylene glenoids tend to increase loosening and failure over time. The modern MBG seems to have no difference in failure, at least in the short- and mid-term compared to the cemented PEG. More long-term follow-up studies on modern MBG should be ultimately conducted.
Relationship between air pollutants and risk of diabetes:a cohort study based meta-analysis
Authors: Mohemaiti Patamu , Simayi Aidibai , Qin Xiao Xiao , Kadeer Aizhatiguli 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background : To investigate the effects of air pollutants on the incidence of diabetes, and to provide reliable evidence for the prevention and control of diabetes. Method : Electronic databases of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Wanfang Digital Periodicals (WANFANG), WeiPu, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Springer, and Ovid were searched. RevMan5.3 software was used for meta analysis of the literature included in this study, I 2 was used to measure the heterogeneity of the research contents of the included literature, and fixed effect model or random effect model was used for combined analysis of the overall incidence of diabetes and the incidence of diabetes under different air pollutants. Result : A total of 22 articles with high overall quality were included in this study, including 2703882 subjects and 535190 patients with diabetes.Pooled effect of the studies was determined using relative risk(RR). PM 10 ( RR =1.00; 95% CI :0.99-1.02, P =0.61), PM 2.5 ( RR =1.02 ; 95% C I:1.01-1.04, P =0.01), NO X ( RR =1.00; 95% CI :1.00-1.01, P =0.006), NO 2 ( RR =1.00; 95% CI :1.00-1.01, P =0.01), O 3 ( RR =1.00; 95% CI :0.99-1.01, P =0.99). No correlation was found between PM 10 , NO 2 , O 3 and the risk of type 2 diabetes. The risk of diabetes increased by 1% in people exposed to total air pollutants, increased by 2% in people exposed to PM 2.5 , and increased by 1% in people exposed to NO X . Conclusion : Results of this paper showed that air pollutants are weakly positively correlated with the risk of diabetes. As to the other influencing factors should be further studied.
Assessment of choriocapillary blood flow changes in response to half-dose PDT in chronic central serous chorioretinopathy using OCTA
Authors: Liu Juejun , Chen Changzheng , Li Lu , Xu Yishuang , Yi Zuohuizi , He Lu , Zheng Hongmei 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: To quantify flow changes in choriocapillaris (CC) in patients with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CCSC) in the treatment of half-dose photodynamic therapy (PDT) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) .
Methods : A total of 28 affected eyes and 24 unaffected eyes of 26 CCSC patients receiving half-dose PDT, and 40 eyes of 20 healthy gender- and age-matched subjects were retrospectively enrolled. Proportion of total areas of flow signal voids ( FSV , %) in CC level of OCTA were mainly assessments in both eyes of the CCSC patients at baseline and repeated in multiple sections at 1-week, 1-month, 3-month and 6-month intervals after PDT. In addition , CC patterns in response to PDT at early stage and their subsequent morphologic changes were qualitatively documented using OCTA.
Results: For affected eyes, significant decrease in FSV was found at 6-m follow-up than 1-m follow-up (p=0.036). Comparing to normal control eyes, FSV in affected eyes was significantly higher at 1-m, 3-m and 6-m follow-up (p<0.05 for all), while FSV in unaffected eyes was significantly higher at baseline, 1-w, 1-m and 3-m follow-up (p<0.05 for all). Three CC patterns of early response to PDT can be identified, including signs of recovery with more even flow signals, transient appearance of worsen ischemia and secondary neovascularization within CC level.
Conclusion: Abnormal CC flow attenuation remained in completely resolved eyes of CCSC patients treated with half-dose PDT.

Key Words: Chronic; Central Serous Chorioretinopathy; Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography; Photodynamic Therapy
A Comparison of EFECE Systems With Tension Band Wiring for Patella Fracture Fixation in Cadavers
Authors: Karadeniz Emre , Keskinöz Elif Nedret 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background EFECE Systems are newly-defined internal fixation systems, which are suitable for patella fracture fixation. The aim of this study was to compare the fixation strength of EFECE Systems with tension band wiring for transverse patellar fracture simulation on fresh frozen cadaver models.Methods Quadriceps tendon-patella-patellar tendon (QT-P-PT) complex was prepared from human cadavers. After simulation of a transverse patella fracture, in Group 1, 5 patella were fixed with a pair of 1.2 mm EFECE wires and 4 EFECE devices. In Group 2, 5 patella were fixed with a pair of 1.2 mm Kirschner wires (K-wire) and a cerclage wire according to the tension band technique. Using a testing device with custom-made jaws, increasing distraction force was applied to these QT-P-PT complexes. Extension of these complexes with the distraction forces was observed. The maximum distraction force and the elongation during maximum force were evaluated.Results After 5 experiments with the EFECE Systems, there was no EFECE wire breakage or EFECE wire-EFECE device catching failure. The median maximum force was 740 N (720-810N). During maximum distraction force the median extension was 2.5 mm (1.6-2.5 mm).After 5 experiments with the tension band technique, there was no K-wire breakage. The median maximum force was 330 N (240-510N). During this maximum distraction force the median extension was 3.4 mm (2.2-3.8 mm).Conclusions Based on the biomechanical advantages, patella fracture treatment with EFECE systems may constitute a reasonable alternative in the treatment of patella fractures.
A Prospective, Randomized and Controlled Study on Tissue Adhesive for Skin Incision in Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Kong Xiangpeng , Yang Minzhi , Guo Renwen , Chen Jiying , Wei Chai , Wang Yan 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe study focusing on the tissue adhesive in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) was rare. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes and economic costs of tissue adhesive when acting as the adjunct to standard incision closure in TKA.Methods From September 2019 to November 2019, we prospectively enrolled the consecutive patients who underwent simultaneous bilateral TKA in our institute. The allocation whether using the tissue adhesive was done after the subcuticular suture in right knee first and another method was applied in the left knee automatically. The patients’ demographics, length of stay (LOS), times of dressing changes and incision-related cost, range of motion (ROM), incision-related complications and incision evaluation scores were recorded.Results Thirty-two patients were enrolled in this study and followed at two months after surgery. In the knees of tissue adhesive, the times of dressing change and patient scar assessment scores (PSAS) were significantly less than those in the control group (p=0.000; p=0.003). Although there were no significant differences of the delayed discharge, incision-related cost, ROM, incision-related complications and Vancouver scar score (VSS) between two groups, 65.6% (21/32) patients preferred the tissue adhesive and only 15.6% (5/32) patients preferred the standard incision closure.Conclusions Tissue adhesive could effectively reduce postoperative wound drainage and improve patients’ satisfaction rate with no difference in medical costs and ROM in TKA. The application of tissue adhesive and subcuticular sutures might be a relatively ideal method of skin closure in TKA.
Dynamic compression locking system versus multiple cannulated compression screw for the treatment of femoral neck fractures: a comparative study
Authors: Xiao Ya-Ping , Bei Ming-Jian , Ji Tao , Peng Yong-Jun , Ma Bing , Li Shao-Gang , Shu Dong-ping 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Femoral neck fractures are one of the problems in orthopedic treatment. The prognosis is uncertain. Currently, there is no one internal fixation for the treatment of femoral neck fractures that shows superiority over other internal fixations. Therefore, the internal fixation system needs to be further explored. The aim of this study was to compare clinical outcomes of femoral neck dynamic compression locking system （DCLS）and multiple cannulated compression screws（MCCS） in the treatment of femoral neck fractures.Methods: A prospective analysis of 54 cases of femoral neck fractures treated with either a DCLS (n=28) or MCCS (n=26) was conducted between December 2015 and November 2017 in authors’ hospitals. The perioperative and postoperative parameters of the two groups were recorded and evaluated.Results: Fifty-four patients were followed up for 24-47 months. The etiology was caused by a fall. There was no significant difference in follow-up time, operation time, incision length, surgical blood loss, the incidence of perioperative and postoperative healing complications, and mobility in the two groups (P> 0.05). The Harris score, fracture healing time, femoral neck shortening, partial weight-bearing time and complete weight-bearing time were significantly better in the DCLS group than in the MCCS group (P< 0.05). The fracture healing rate in the DCLS group was higher than that in the MCCS group.Conclusion: The DCLS and MCCS might be equally effective in terms of operation time, incision length, surgical blood loss, the incidence of perioperative and postoperative healing complications, and mobility in the treatment of femoral neck fractures. However, the DCLS is superior to the MCCS in Harris score, fracture healing time, femoral neck shortening, weight-bearing time and fracture healing rate. So, DCLS deserves further study.