bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electromagnetic signal characteristics and energy response pattern of briquette hammer fracturing
Authors: Li Jing , Zhao Yuechao , Han Ke , Wang Zhen , Wang Chuan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBriquette hammer fracturing experiments were conducted with different impact energies and molding pressures to investigate the characteristics of the electromagnetic signals. The response pattern of the electromagnetic radiation energy as a function of the impact energy and the coal firmness during impact fracturing of a coal mass were analyzed. The characteristics of the electromagnetic radiation signals during the uniaxial compression fracture of a coal mass were also used to analyze their source during fracture. The results show that the generation of electromagnetic radiation during coal mass fracturing can be divided into three stages: compaction, crack propagation and sliding friction. Electromagnetic energy is mainly radiated during the sliding friction stage. The electromagnetic radiation during briquette hammer fracturing is characterized by a frequency below 2000 Hz, an amplitude in the range from 0.05 to 0.6 mV, and a total energy on the order of ∼10−14–10−10 J. For coal masses with the same firmness, as the impact energy increases, the total energy of the electromagnetic radiation increases. For the same impact energy, as the firmness of the coal mass increases, the total energy of the electromagnetic radiation first increases and then decreases.
Natural deduction and semantic models of justification logic in the proof assistant Coq
Authors: Andrade Guzmán Jesús Mauricio , Hernández Quiroz Francisco 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to present a formalization of the language, semantics and axiomatization of justification logic in Coq. We present proofs in a natural deduction style derived from the axiomatic approach of justification logic. Additionally, we present possible world semantics in Coq based on Fitting models to formalize the semantic satisfaction of formulas. As an important result, with this implementation, it is possible to give a proof of soundness for $\mathsf{L}\mathsf{P}$ with respect to Fitting models.
On a Weak Conditional
Authors: Castiglioni José Luis , Ertola-Biraben Rodolfo C 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
It is well-known that adding to a lattice the usual relative meet complement is not conservative, in the sense that distributivity is implied. In this paper we consider a weak relative meet complement that does not have the mentioned effect. We mostly study the mentioned operation from an algebraic point of view. However, we also provide a Hilbert-style axiomatization for its corresponding assertional logic.
An axiomatic approach toCG′3 logic
Authors: Pérez-Gaspar Miguel , Hernández-Tello Alejandro , Arrazola Ramírez José , Osorio Galindo Mauricio 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn memoriam José Arrazola Ramírez (1962–2018) The logic $\textbf{G}^{\prime}_3$ was introduced by Osorio et al. in 2008; it is a three-valued logic, closely related to the paraconsistent logic $\textbf{CG}^{\prime}_3$ introduced by Osorio et al. in 2014. The logic $\textbf{CG}^{\prime}_3$ is defined in terms of a multi-valued semantics and has the property that each theorem in $\textbf{G}^{\prime}_3$ is a theorem in $\textbf{CG}^{\prime}_3$. Kripke-type semantics has been given to $\textbf{CG}^{\prime}_3$ in two different ways by Borja et al. in 2016. In this work, we continue the study of $\textbf{CG}^{\prime}_3$, obtaining a Hilbert-type axiomatic system and proving a soundness and completeness theorem for this logic.
Still some way to go: Federal Ministry of Justice proposes to modernize the German Patents Act
Authors: Gärtner Anette 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Although Germany is a leading venue for patent litigation, there is a need to update the law every now and then. Does the Bill, which is currently under discussion, meet the reasonable expectations of users of the system? The author applauds the proposal to make the “confidentiality club” available for patent infringement cases. The legal framework for enforcing injunctions, by contrast, requires additional attention. We are only half-way there.
Cyclophilins A and B oppositely regulate renal tubular epithelial cell phenotype
Authors: Sarró Eduard , Durán Mónica , Rico Ana , Bou-Teen Diana , Fernández-Majada Vanesa , Croatt Anthony J , Nath Karl A , Salcedo Maria Teresa , Gundelach Justin H , Batlle Daniel , Bram Richard J , Meseguer Anna 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Restoration of kidney tubular epithelium following sublethal injury sequentially involves partial epithelial–mesenchymal transition (pEMT), proliferation, and further redifferentiation into specialized tubule epithelial cells (TECs). Because the immunosuppressant cyclosporine-A produces pEMT in TECs and inhibits the peptidyl-prolyl isomerase (PPIase) activity of cyclophilin (Cyp) proteins, we hypothesized that cyclophilins could regulate TEC phenotype. Here we demonstrate that in cultured TECs, CypA silencing triggers loss of epithelial features and enhances transforming growth factor β (TGFβ)-induced EMT in association with upregulation of epithelial repressors Slug and Snail. This pro-epithelial action of CypA relies on its PPIase activity. By contrast, CypB emerges as an epithelial repressor, because CypB silencing promotes epithelial differentiation, prevents TGFβ-induced EMT, and induces tubular structures in 3D cultures. In addition, in the kidneys of CypB knockout mice subjected to unilateral ureteral obstruction, inflammatory and pro-fibrotic events were attenuated. CypB silencing/knockout leads to Slug, but not Snail, downregulation. CypB support of Slug expression depends on its endoplasmic reticulum location, where it interacts with calreticulin, a calcium-buffering chaperone related to Slug expression. As CypB silencing reduces ionomycin-induced calcium release and Slug upregulation, we suggest that Slug expression may rely on CypB modulation of calreticulin-dependent calcium signaling. In conclusion, this work uncovers new roles for CypA and CypB in modulating TEC plasticity and identifies CypB as a druggable target potentially relevant in promoting kidney repair.
Dynamically Efficient Royalties for Standard-Essential Patents
Authors: Neurohr Bertram 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT
Some economists have argued that a reasonable royalty for a standard-essential patent should be based on the patent’s ex ante incremental value. Others have argued that a patent’s ex ante incremental value is insufficient, that a reasonable royalty is more akin to the prize in a winner-takes-all tournament, and that it should reflect the R&D costs associated with both the winning technology and unsuccessful alternative technologies. The results presented in this paper are favourable to the latter view, but with the additional qualification that a reasonable royalty ought to cover the costs of only those R&D efforts—successful or not—that are efficiency enhancing from an ex ante perspective. The notion of ex ante incremental value is core to identifying these efforts and hence to determining what the dynamically efficient outcome is. A reasonable royalty is one that induces this dynamically efficient outcome (i.e. a dynamically efficient level of R&D), balancing the costs incurred by innovators with the benefits that go to implementers and/or consumers. As such, a reasonable royalty is significantly higher than a technology’s ex ante incremental value. High ‘winner’ margins are offset by losses incurred by ‘losers’, leaving a significant proportion of the total net value generated by R&D to implementers and consumers.
A large anastomotic leakage after esophageal surgery treated with endoluminal vacuum-assisted closure: a case report
Authors: Mandarino Francesco Vito , Bonura Giuliano Francesco , Esposito Dario , Rosati Riccardo , Parise Paolo , Fanti Lorella 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The treatment of anastomotic post-esophagectomy leaks and fistula is challenging. Endoluminal vacuum-assisted closure (EVAC) is an emerging technique that employs negative pressure wound therapy to treat anastomotic leaks endoscopically. Esosponge is specifically designed for esophageal EVAC therapy. We report on a 49-year-old woman who underwent a totally mini-invasive Ivor–Lewis esophagectomy and developed a giant postoperative leak with a complex pleural collection, but she was not fit for surgical re-intervention. The patient healed almost completely after 14 exchange sessions of Esosponge over 35 days.
The killer yeast Wickerhamomyces anomalus Cf20 exerts a broad anti-Candida activity through the production of killer toxins and volatile compounds
Authors: Fernández de Ullivarri Miguel , Bulacios Gabriela A , Navarro Silvia A , Lanza Lucía , Mendoza Lucia M , Chalón Miriam C 
Published: March 2020

AbstractCandidiasis is a group of opportunistic infections caused by yeast of the genus Candida. The appearance of drug resistance and the adverse effects of current antifungal therapies require the search for new, more efficient therapeutic alternatives. Killer yeasts have aroused as suitable candidates for mining new antifungal compounds. Killer strains secrete antimicrobial proteins named killer toxins, with promissory antifungal activity. Here we found that the killer yeast Wickerhamomyces anomalus Cf20 and its cell-free supernatant (CFS) inhibited six pathogenic strains and one collection strain of Candida spp. The inhibition is mainly mediated by secreted killer toxins and, to a lesser extent, by volatile compounds such as acetic acid and ethyl acetate. A new large killer toxin (&gt;180 kDa) was purified, which exerted 70–74% of the total CFS anti-Candida activity, and the previously described glucanase KTCf20 was inhibitory in a lesser extent as well. In addition, we demonstrated that Cf20 possesses the genes encoding for the β-1,3-glucanases WaExg1 and WaExg2, proteins with extensively studied antifungal activity, particularly WaExg2. Finally, the 10-fold concentrated CFS exerted a high candidacidal effect at 37°C, completely inhibiting the fungal growth, although the nonconcentrated CFS (RCF 1) had very limited fungistatic activity at this temperature. In conclusion, W. anomalus Cf20 produces different low and high molecular weight compounds with anti-Candida activity that could be used to design new therapies for candidiasis and as a source for novel antimicrobial compounds as well.
Deep fungal infections diagnosed by histology in Uganda: a 70-year retrospective study
Authors: Kwizera Richard , Bongomin Felix , Lukande Robert 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Fungal infections cause substantial morbidity and mortality. However, the burden of deep fungal infections is not well described in Uganda. We aimed to estimate the burden and etiology of histologically diagnosed deep fungal infections in Uganda. We retrospectively reviewed histology reports at the Pathology Reference Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda from January 1950 to September 2019 to identify any reports that had a fungal infection as the diagnosis. Over the study period, 697 cases of deep fungal infections were identified with an average incidence of 0.73/100,000 persons per decade. There was a general decline in the number of cases detected. Median age of the cases was 28 years (IQR: 11–40) and majority (59%) were male. The age group of 0–10 years were the most affected. The foot was the most affected part of the body (26%). Deep mycoses identified include eumycetoma (32%), subcutaneous phycomycosis (26%), histoplasmosis (9.2%), chromoblastomycosis (4.6%), aspergillosis (3.3%), cryptococcosis (3.3%), blastomycosis (1.6%), subcutaneous mycosis (1.4%), dermatomycosis (1.3%), coccidioidomycosis (0.6%), mucormycosis (0.6%), and sporotrichosis (0.1%). Histoplasma was the commonest causative agent (9.2%) followed by Aspergillus (3.4%) and Cryptococcus (3.3%), while 81% of the fungal pathogens were not identified to genus/species level. Only 31% of the cases were diagnosed clinically as deep fungal infections. There is a substantial burden of deep fungal infections caused by multiple fungal pathogens in Uganda. There is need to build local capacity for mycology so as to improve on the index of clinical suspicion and diagnostic capabilities.
The MAVERIC survey: a hidden pulsar and a black hole candidate in ATCA radio imaging of the globular cluster NGC 6397
Authors: Zhao Yue , Heinke Craig O , Tudor Vlad , Bahramian Arash , Miller-Jones James C A , Sivakoff Gregory R , Strader Jay , Chomiuk Laura , Shishkovsky Laura , Maccarone Thomas J , Pichardo Marcano Manuel , Gelfand Joseph D 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT
Using a 16.2-h radio observation by the Australia Telescope Compact Array and archival Chandra data, we found &gt;5σ radio counterparts to four known and three new X-ray sources within the half-light radius (rh) of the Galactic globular cluster NGC 6397. The previously suggested millisecond pulsar (MSP) candidate, U18, is a steep-spectrum (Sν ∝ να; $\alpha =-2.0^{+0.4}_{-0.5}$) radio source with a 5.5-GHz flux density of 54.7 ± 4.3 $\mu \mathrm{ Jy}$. We argue that U18 is most likely a ‘hidden’ MSP that is continuously hidden by plasma shocked at the collision between the winds from the pulsar and companion star. The non-detection of radio pulsations so far is probably the result of enhanced scattering in this shocked wind. On the other hand, we observed the 5.5-GHz flux of the known MSP PSR J1740−5340 (U12) to decrease by a factor of &gt;2.8 during epochs of 1.4-GHz eclipse, indicating that the radio flux is absorbed in its shocked wind. If U18 is indeed a pulsar whose pulsations are scattered, we note the contrast with U12’s flux decreases in eclipse, which argues for two different eclipse mechanisms at the same radio frequency. In addition to U12 and U18, we also found radio associations for five other Chandra X-ray sources, four of which are likely background galaxies. The last, U97, which shows strong H α variability, is mysterious; it may be either a quiescent black hole low-mass X-ray binary or something more unusual.
Can assembly bias explain the lensing amplitude of the BOSS CMASS sample in a Planck cosmology?
Authors: Yuan Sihan , Eisenstein Daniel J , Leauthaud Alexie 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT
In this paper, we investigate whether galaxy assembly bias can reconcile the 20–40 ${{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ disagreement between the observed galaxy projected clustering signal and the galaxy–galaxy lensing signal in the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey CMASS galaxy sample. We use the suite of abacuscosmos lambda cold dark matter simulations at Planck best-fitting cosmology and two flexible implementations of extended halo occupation distribution (HOD) models that incorporate galaxy assembly bias to build forward models and produce joint fits of the observed galaxy clustering signal and the galaxy–galaxy lensing signal. We find that our models using the standard HODs without any assembly bias generalizations continue to show a 20–40 ${{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ overprediction of the observed galaxy–galaxy lensing signal. We find that our implementations of galaxy assembly bias do not reconcile the two measurements at Planck best-fitting cosmology. In fact, despite incorporating galaxy assembly bias, the satellite distribution parameter, and the satellite velocity bias parameter into our extended HOD model, our fits still strongly suggest a $\sim \! 34{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ discrepancy between the observed projected clustering and galaxy–galaxy lensing measurements. It remains to be seen whether a combination of other galaxy assembly bias models, alternative cosmological parameters, or baryonic effects can explain the amplitude difference between the two signals.
Classical Nova Carinae 2018: discovery of circumbinary iron and oxygen
Authors: McLoughlin Dominic , Blundell Katherine M , Lee Steven 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT
We present time-lapse spectroscopy of a classical nova explosion commencing 9 d after discovery. These data reveal the appearance of a transient feature in Fe ii and [O i]. We explore different models for this feature and conclude that it is best explained by a circumbinary disc shock-heated following the classical nova event. Circumbinary discs may play an important role in novae in accounting for the absorption systems known as transient heavy element absorption (THEA), the transfer of angular momentum, and the possible triggering of the nova event itself.
The STRong lensing Insights into the Dark Energy Survey (STRIDES) 2017/2018 follow-up campaign: discovery of 10 lensed quasars and 10 quasar pairs
Authors: Lemon C , Auger M W , McMahon R , Anguita T , Apostolovski Y , Chen G C-F , Fassnacht C D , Melo A D , Motta V , Shajib A , Treu T , Agnello A , Buckley-Geer E , Schechter P L , Birrer S , Collett T , Courbin F , Rusu C E , Abbott T M C , Allam S , Annis J , Avila S , Bertin E , Brooks D , Burke D L , Carnero Rosell A , Carrasco Kind M , Carretero J , Costanzi M , da Costa L N , De Vicente J , Desai S , Eifler T F , Flaugher B , Frieman J , García-Bellido J , Gaztanaga E , Gerdes D W , Gruen D , Gruendl R A , Gschwend J , Gutierrez G , Honscheid K , James D J , Kim A , Krause E , Kuehn K , Kuropatkin N , Lahav O , Lima M , Lin H , Maia M A G , March M , Marshall J L , Menanteau F , Miquel R , Palmese A , Paz-Chinchón F , Plazas A A , Roodman A , Sanchez E , Schubnell M , Serrano S , Smith M , Soares-Santos M , Suchyta E , Tarle G , Walker A R 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT
We report the results of the STRong lensing Insights into the Dark Energy Survey (STRIDES) follow-up campaign of the late 2017/early 2018 season. We obtained spectra of 65 lensed quasar candidates with ESO Faint Object Spectrograph and Camera 2 on the NTT and Echellette Spectrograph and Imager on Keck, confirming 10 new lensed quasars and 10 quasar pairs. Eight lensed quasars are doubly imaged with source redshifts between 0.99 and 2.90, one is triply imaged (DESJ0345−2545, z = 1.68), and one is quadruply imaged (quad: DESJ0053−2012, z = 3.8). Singular isothermal ellipsoid models for the doubles, based on high-resolution imaging from SAMI on Southern Astrophysical Research Telescope or Near InfraRed Camera 2 on Keck, give total magnifications between 3.2 and 5.6, and Einstein radii between 0.49 and 1.97 arcsec. After spectroscopic follow-up, we extract multi-epoch grizY photometry of confirmed lensed quasars and contaminant quasar + star pairs from DES data using parametric multiband modelling, and compare variability in each system’s components. By measuring the reduced χ2 associated with fitting all epochs to the same magnitude, we find a simple cut on the less variable component that retains all confirmed lensed quasars, while removing 94 per cent of contaminant systems. Based on our spectroscopic follow-up, this variability information improves selection of lensed quasars and quasar pairs from 34-45 per cent to 51–70 per cent, with most remaining contaminants being star-forming galaxies. Using mock lensed quasar light curves we demonstrate that selection based only on variability will over-represent the quad fraction by 10 per cent over a complete DES magnitude-limited sample, explained by the magnification bias and hence lower luminosity/more variable sources in quads.
Kin28 depletion increases association of TFIID subunits Taf1 and Taf4 with promoters in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Knoll Elisabeth R , Zhu Z Iris , Sarkar Debasish , Landsman David , Morse Randall H 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Transcription of eukaryotic mRNA-encoding genes by RNA polymerase II (Pol II) begins with assembly of the pre-initiation complex (PIC), comprising Pol II and the general transcription factors. Although the pathway of PIC assembly is well established, the mechanism of assembly and the dynamics of PIC components are not fully understood. For example, only recently has it been shown that in yeast, the Mediator complex normally occupies promoters only transiently, but shows increased association when Pol II promoter escape is inhibited. Here we show that two subunits of TFIID, Taf1 and Taf4, similarly show increased occupancy as measured by ChIP upon depletion or inactivation of Kin28. In contrast, TBP occupancy is unaffected by depletion of Kin28, thus revealing an uncoupling of Taf and TBP occupancy during the transcription cycle. Increased Taf1 occupancy upon Kin28 depletion is suppressed by depletion of TBP, while depletion of TBP in the presence of Kin28 has little effect on Taf1 occupancy. The increase in Taf occupancy upon depletion of Kin28 is more pronounced at TFIID-dominated promoters compared to SAGA-dominated promoters. Our results support the suggestion, based on recent structural studies, that TFIID may not remain bound to gene promoters through the transcription initiation cycle.
Development of a genetic toolset for the highly engineerable and metabolically versatile Acinetobacter baylyi ADP1
Authors: Biggs Bradley W , Bedore Stacy R , Arvay Erika , Huang Shu , Subramanian Harshith , McIntyre Emily A , Duscent-Maitland Chantel V , Neidle Ellen L , Tyo Keith E J 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
One primary objective of synthetic biology is to improve the sustainability of chemical manufacturing. Naturally occurring biological systems can utilize a variety of carbon sources, including waste streams that pose challenges to traditional chemical processing, such as lignin biomass, providing opportunity for remediation and valorization of these materials. Success, however, depends on identifying micro-organisms that are both metabolically versatile and engineerable. Identifying organisms with this combination of traits has been a historic hindrance. Here, we leverage the facile genetics of the metabolically versatile bacterium Acinetobacter baylyi ADP1 to create easy and rapid molecular cloning workflows, including a Cas9-based single-step marker-less and scar-less genomic integration method. In addition, we create a promoter library, ribosomal binding site (RBS) variants and test an unprecedented number of rationally integrated bacterial chromosomal protein expression sites and variants. At last, we demonstrate the utility of these tools by examining ADP1’s catabolic repression regulation, creating a strain with improved potential for lignin bioprocessing. Taken together, this work highlights ADP1 as an ideal host for a variety of sustainability and synthetic biology applications.
Frame-shifted proteins of a given gene retain the same function
Authors: Huang Xin , Chen Rong , Sun Meiling , Peng Yan , Pu Qinlin , Yuan Yi , Chen Gangyi , Dong Juan , Du Feng , Cui Xin , Tang Zhuo 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Frameshift mutations are generally considered to be lethal because it could result in radical changes of the protein sequence behind. However, the protein of frameshift mutants of a type I toxin (ibsc) was found to be still toxic to bacteria, retaining the similar function as wild-type protein to arrest the cellular growth by impairing the membrane's integrity. Additionally, we have verified that this observation is not an individual event as the same phenomenon had been found in other toxins subsequently. After analyzing the coding sequence of these genes, we proposed a hypothesis to search this kind of hidden gene, through which a dihydrofolate reductase-encoding gene (dfrB3) was found out. Like the wild-type reductase, both +1 and –1 frame-shifted proteins of dfrB3 gene were also proved to catalyze the reduction of dihydrofolate to tetrahydrofolate by using NADPH.