bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Caveolin-1 Regulates CCL5 and PPARγ Expression in Nthy-ori 3-1 Cells: Possible Involvement of Caveolin-1 and CCL5 in the Pathogenesis of Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis
Authors: Liu Baocui , Zheng Tingting , Dong Liyang , Mao Chaoming , Xu Chengcheng , Mou Xiao , Luo Xuan , Lu Qingyan , Dong Xin , Liu Jiameng , Kang Ping , Ding Chao , Xiao Yichuan , Jiang Peng 
Published: December 2019

Background:
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) is characterized by lymphocytic infiltration of
the thyroid parenchyma, which ultimately leads to tissue destruction and loss of function. Caveolin-1
(Cav-1) is an essential structural constituent of lipid rafts in the plasma membrane of cells and is reported
to be significantly reduced in thyrocytes from HT patients. However, the mechanism of Cav-1
involvement in HT pathogenesis is still largely unclear.

Methods:
Cav-1 expression in thyroid tissues from HT patients and euthyroid nodular goiter tissues
was detected by immunohistochemistry staining. Cav-1 knockdown and overexpression were constructed
by lentiviral transfection in the human thyroid follicular epithelial cell (TFC) line of Nthy-ori
3-1. The mRNA expression levels of chemokines in TFCs were determined by quantitative real-time
PCR (qPCR). Cav-1 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) levels were analysed
by qPCR and Western blot analysis. The migration ability of peripheral blood mononuclear cells
(PBMCs) was detected by the Transwell assay.

Results:
In this study, Cav-1 and PPARγ expression was reduced in the thyroid tissues from HT patients.
In vitro experiments showed that the expressions of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 (CCL5)
and migration of PBMCs were markedly increased, while the level of PPARγ was significantly decreased
after the lentivirus-mediated knockdown of Cav-1 in Nthy-ori 3-1 cells. Interestingly, pioglitazone,
a PPARγ agonist, not only upregulated PPARγ and Cav-1 proteins significantly, but also effectively
reversed the Cav-1-knockdown-induced upregulation of CCL5 in Nthy-ori 3-1 cells and reduced
the infiltration of lymphocytes.

Conclusion:
The inhibition of Cav-1 upregulated the CCL5 expression and downregulated the PPARγ
expression in TFC while pioglitazone, a PPARγ agonist, reversed the detrimental consequence. This
outcome might be a potential target for the treatment of lymphocyte infiltration into the thyroid gland
and HT development.
Development of Mucoadhesive Buccal Drug Delivery System of Propranolol Hydrochloride Using Aster ericoides Mucilage
Authors: Kaundal Ankaj , Kumar Pravin , Awasthi Rajendra , Kulkarni Giriraj T. 
Published: December 2019

Aim:
The study was aimed to develop mucoadhesive buccal tablets using Aster ericoides
leaves mucilage.

Background :
Mucilages are naturally occurring high-molecular-weight polyuronides, which have been
extensively studied for their application in different pharmaceutical dosage forms.

Objective:
The objective of the present research was to establish the mucilage isolated from the leaves
of Aster ericoides as an excipient for the formulation of the mucoadhesive buccal tablet.

Method:
The mucilage was isolated from the leaves of Aster ericoides by maceration, precipitated with
acetone and characterized. Tablets were prepared using wet granulation technique and evaluated for various
official tests.

Results:
The mucilage was found to be non-toxic on A-431 and Vero cell lines. It was insoluble but
swellable in cold and hot water. The results indicate that mucilage can form a three-dimensional network.
The pH of the mucilage (6.82 ± 0.13) indicated that it might be non-irritant to the buccal cavity.
The mucilage was found to be free from microbes. The release of drug was by Fickian diffusion. The in
vivo buccal tablet acceptance was 80%. No significant difference between the diastolic blood pressure of
standard and Aster tablets treated volunteer group was recorded.

Conclusion:
The mucilage was found to be non-toxic on A-431 and Vero cell lines. It was insoluble but
swellable in cold and hot water. The results indicate that mucilage can form a three-dimensional network.
The pH of the mucilage (6.82 ± 0.13) indicated that it might be non-irritant to the buccal cavity.
The mucilage was found to be free from microbes. The release of drug was by Fickian diffusion. The in
vivo buccal tablet acceptance was 80%. No significant difference between the diastolic blood pressure of
standard and Aster tablets treated volunteer group was recorded.

Other:
However, to prove the potency of the polymer, in vivo bioavailability studies in human volunteers
are needed along with chronic toxicity studies in suitable animal models.
OBTAINING CLINKERLESS CEMENTS THROUGH THE SYNTHESIS OF BASIC SOLUTIONS OF SODIUM SILICATE FROM SILICA-CONTAINING ROCKS
Authors: Salamanova M. Sh. , Murtazaev S.-A. Yu. , Ismailova Z. H. , Bisultanov R. G. 
Published: November 2019

Objectives The creation of clinkerless cements that do not require high-temperature processing and significant natural resources, at the same time as exhibiting good technical parameters, seems to be an important research task. Cements of alkaline instillation, in which alkaline metals play an active role, are capable of interacting with minerals of aluminosilicate nature forming strong and insoluble compounds.Methods Concrete composites from binding substances activated by alkaline were developed on the basis of Russian and foreign experience of using cinder slag composites in construction.Results In this work, energy-dispersion microanalysis of the developed clinkerless compositions based on alkaline silicate sodium solutions from silica-containing rocks was carried out.Conclusion Formulations of clinkerless cements based on high-dispersal powders of different natures mixed by the alkaline solution obtained using the wet technique at temperatures of up to 95 °C and atmospheric pressure are proposed. This technology will expand the use of alkaline cements, thus leading to the development of concrete having desired properties.
FEATURES OF STRESSES AT THE APEX OF AN ELASTIC WEDGE, SUPPORTED BY A THIN FLEXIBLE COATING ON THE SIDES
Authors: Sobol' B. V. , Soloviev A. N. , Payzulaev M. M. , Rashidova E. V. , Murtazaliev G. M. 
Published: November 2019

ObjectivesTo study the problem of determining the degree of stress at the apex of a wedge-shaped area in cases where the sides (or one of them) are covered with a thin flexible coating.MethodIt is assumed that the coating is not stretchable. On the other side of the wedge-shaped area, the same coating is assumed to be present; it is either fixed, stress-free or in smooth contact with a rigid base. Mathematically, the problem is reduced to the task of determining the roots of characteristic transcendental equations arising from the existence of a nontrivial solution to the system of linear homogeneous equations.ResultsValues for the specific characteristics of the radial component of a stress tensor are determined for different combinations of boundary conditions and solution angles. In particular, the angles at which the singular behaviour of stresses occurs are determined. The case is considered when a special boundary condition is given on the edge surface, simulating the overlay. Characteristic equations are obtained to determine the index of the degree dependency of the asymptotic solution in its vicinity for four variants of boundary conditions. In two cases, transcendental equations are obtained, which are solved numerically.ConclusionCalculations of the first positive roots of the equations depending on the angle of the edge solution and Poisson's ratio are presented. The values of the angles, at which the singular behaviour of stresses occurs, are determined. In the case of a combination of boundary conditions (III – IV), the singular stress behaviour is observed for the angle ???? = ????/8, while in the case of (III – III) this value is equal to ????/4.
MODELLING THE EFFECT OF A THERMOELECTRIC DEVICE ON THE FOOT UNDER AMBULATORY CONDITIONS
Authors: Khazamova M. A. , Magomedov D. A. , Kobzarenko D. N. 
Published: November 2019

Objectives This work was devoted to the research of thermal processes that occur in the reflex areas of the human body, in particular, in reflexogenic areas of the human foot, under the thermal influence under ambulatory conditions.Method A model of thermal impact on the reflex areas of the human body was developed on the basis of a semiconductor thermoelectric device. A simplified physical model was studied, which does not consider heat exchange in thermoelectric batteries (TEBs) and elements of TEBs pairing with separate reflex zones.Results Diagrams for temperature distribution throughout the foot at different values of heat flow and diagrams of temperature changes over time were obtained. The thermal influence of a TEB brought in thermal contact with the opposite surface of the foot is negligible in this case; this is due to the low thermal conductivity of foot tissues, as well as insignificant thermal flows on its surface (low-power TEBs were used for such procedures).Conclusion The developed model of a semiconductor thermoelectric device for treating the reflex areas of the human body – in particular, the foot – allows an investigation of thermal processes occurring during the thermal treatment of biologically active points of the human sole. It is established that local temperature impact on a biological object does not result in significant temperature difference over its thickness.
METHOD FOR OBTAINING THE PARAMETERS OF MEMBERSHIP FUNCTIONS OF FUZZY SETS BASED ON REAL DATA FOR AUTOMATED INFORMATION PROCESSING SYSTEMS
Authors: Bisyanov E. E. , Gutnik A. A. 
Published: November 2019

Objectives Development of a method for selecting the type of accessory function and obtaining its parameters to allow subjective personal influences in automated information processing to be excluded.Method. Existing methods for constructing membership functions were analysed. The research was based on the methods of fuzzy logic and data analysis.Results. A method for obtaining the parameters of membership functions of fuzzy sets using real data is suggested. It is proposed to use the data obtained from the object under study to determine the kernel of the fuzzy number, as well as derive theoretical information about the object for the carrier. Triangular, trapezoidal, bell-shaped and Gaussian membership functions are considered. The appearance of the membership function can be defined using the criterion of the relations of the kernel to the carrier of a fuzzy set. The results of calculations for obtaining the membership functions based on data on the power consumption of electric motors of different types are given.Conclusion. The developed method can be used both in decision support systems as well as in automated systems for controlling technological processes. If necessary, the values of the criterion proposed in the article can be revised to take the values included in the set of measured real data into account or to simplify the procedure of automated processing. Further research will use the described method to obtain the terms of linguistic variables.
MATHEMATICAL MIXER MODEL WITH FORMATION OF HETERODYNE ANTIPHASE SIGNAL
Authors: Mirzaev Z. N. , Guseynov M. S. , Aigumov T. G. 
Published: November 2019

Objectives To carry out calculations involved in the design of a microwave mixer with a diplexer with the formation of the antiphase heterodyne signal using a slot resonator.Method In order to calculate and optimise the characteristics, design and topological parameters of microwave mixers, the results of the design bandpass filter PF and low-pass filter (LPF) mixers of through-feed type were used. The characteristics of mixers and their structural elements were calculated using the Serenade software package intended for the automated calculation of microwave devices. A distinct feature of designing mixers (with a diplexer) involves the need to optimise the topology of the diplexer before optimising the mixer characteristics.Results The characteristics of nonlinear distortions show that the maximum power level at the mixer inlet should not exceed -15 – -20 dBm. In order to attenuate the intermodulation distortions of the 3rd order, this level should be higher that 50 dBs. The relatively low level of compression and suppression of harmonic and intermodulation distortions associated with the minimisation of the heterodyne power level at the calculation of characteristics of mixers of the required heterodyne power level (Rh ~ 5-7 dBm) is due to the minimum expenses at the realisation of sources of heterodyne signals. A noticeable improvement in the characteristics of mixers by nonlinear distortions can be achieved by shifting the operating point at the points on the current-voltage characteristic (VAC) diodes by an external voltage source with a simultaneous increase in Ph by several dB (up to Ph = 10 dBm).Conclusion A mode of increased nonlinear distortion suppression can be practically realised by switching on diodes through resistive-capacitive circuits (auto-shift) or using diodes with an increased potential barrier. The calculation shows that it is possible to realise sufficiently small conversion losses of 6.6-8.0 dB at low levels of Rh ~ 5-7 dBm.
Parlamento e educação: cursos e lógicas do sistema brasileiro de educação legislativa
Authors: Mota Rildo José Cosson , Barros Antonio Teixeira de 
Published: December 2019

O artigo tem como objeto de análise o sistema de educação legislativa, com base no exame das principais características dos cursos de educação superior oferecidos pelas escolas do Legislativo. A metodologia consiste em análise documental e pesquisa bibliográfica. A primeira consistiu no exame dos projetos pedagógicos e grades curriculares dos cursos, ementas e conteúdos programáticos, enquanto a segunda abrange a literatura sobre Parlamento e educação legislativa. A análise revela que esse sistema é regido por duas lógicas distintas de funcionamento, porém vinculadas à proposta de modernização do Legislativo no Brasil. A primeira é denominada de lógica da gestão e tem como fundamento a chamada nova gestão pública, orientada pela eficiência e racionalidade burocrática. A segunda, identificada como lógica de instituição, adota uma visão interna ao Legislativo e procura rever o funcionamento do Legislativo, menos em termos de gestão e mais em termos de suas funções constitucionais. A discussão dos dados chama atenção para a singularidade das iniciativas das escolas do Legislativo no Brasil, que existem há mais de dez e ainda são pouco estudadas pela Ciência Política.
Burocratas, carreira e política: uma análise das trajetórias da elite do Ministério das Relações Exteriores
Authors: Lima Rodolfo de Camargo 
Published: December 2019

Como se desenham as trajetórias das carreiras dos diplomatas de elite do Ministério das Relações Exteriores (MRE)? Considerando que os trânsitos institucionais dos diplomatas brasileiros constituem peça central no funcionamento administrativo e político dessa burocracia, o presente artigo tem como objetivo responder a essa pergunta. Isso porque analisar essas dinâmicas colaboram tanto para entender um dos ministérios mais fechados do serviço civil público nacional, quanto avançam na construção de padrões da movimentação institucional dos atores que operam, sistematicamente e desde posições de comando, a política externa brasileira. Assim, a carreira da elite diplomática, composta por segundos ministros e embaixadores, e por mais de três décadas de carreira em média de carreira, é descrita em termos tanto das indicações para cargos de confiança na Secretaria de Estado (Sere), quanto nas passagens por postos diplomáticos no exterior, instituições nacionais e organismos internacionais. Os resultados apontam para um comportamento muito similar entre as duas hierarquias em que a maioria dos cargos de confiança na Sere são direcionados a posições de nível intermediário (DAS-4). As frequências majoritárias das trajetóriasexógenas a Sere, se concentram em postos no exterior, de classes “A” e “C”, seguidas por trânsitos em organismos internacionais e difusamente por instituições nacionais.
Dampak Rintisan Internasionalisasi Pendidikan Tinggi di UIN Walisongo Semarang
Authors: Zuhdi Asiqin 
Published: December 2019

<p>Institusi Perguruan Tinggi di seluruh dunia, termasuk Indonesia, semakin menyadari bahwa mereka sedang menghadapi tekanan besar internasionalisasi pendidikan tinggi. Perubahan sistem pendidikan secara besar-besaran juga telah dilakukan oleh sejumlah negara untuk mendorong setiap institusi perguruan tinggi di negara mereka untuk “memasukkan” sebuah “agenda Internasionalisasi” ke dalam kebijakan institusi mereka. Para pemangku kebijakan di UIN Walisongo sudah meletakan landasan bagi pengembangan riset yang berorientasi pada pencapaian internasional hal tersebut tercermin dari <em>milestone</em> pengembangan institusi yang digambarkan dalam tahapan (fase) realisasi visi dan misi institusi menuju universitas riset yang memiliki reputasi internasional (<em>world class research university</em>) di tahun 2033-2038. Dampak rintisan kebijakan internasionalisasi pendidikan tinggi di UIN Walisongo, penyelenggaraan rintisan kebijakan internasionalisasi pendidikan tinggi di UIN Walisongo memberikan dampak yang cukup signifikan bagi, 1) perbaikan kualitas budaya akademik: pengajaran, penelitian dan pengabdian kepada masyarakat; 2) peningkatan daya saing dan keterserapan lulusan, 3)peningkatan kualitas kerja sama internasional, dan 4)peningkatan reputasi lembaga dari sudut pandang internasional.</p><p><strong>Kata Kunci: </strong>Internasionalisasi, Internasionalisasi Pendidikan Tinggi, Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo.</p>
Social Media Recruitment of Marginalized, Hard-to-Reach Populations: Development of Recruitment and Monitoring Guidelines
Authors: Russomanno Jennifer , Patterson Joanne G , Jabson Tree Jennifer M 
Published: December 2019

Background
Social media can be a useful strategy for recruiting hard-to-reach, stigmatized populations into research studies; however, it may also introduce risks for participant and research team exposure to negative comments. Currently, there is no published formal social media recruitment and monitoring guidelines that specifically address harm reduction for social media recruitment of marginalized populations.

Objective
The purpose of this research study was to investigate the utility, successes, challenges, and positive and negative consequences of using targeted Facebook advertisements as a strategy to recruit transgender and gender nonconforming (TGNC) people into a research study.

Methods
TGNC adults living in the Southeast Unites States were recruited via targeted Facebook advertisements over two cycles in April and June 2017. During cycle 1, researchers only used inclusion terms to recruit the target population. During cycle 2, the social media recruitment and monitoring protocol and inclusion and exclusion terms were used.

Results
The cycle 1 advertisement reached 8518 people and had 188 reactions, comments, and shares but produced cyberbullying, including discriminatory comments from Facebook members. Cycle 2 reached fewer people (6976) and received 166 reactions, comments, and shares but produced mostly positive comments.

Conclusions
Researchers must consider potential harms of using targeted Facebook advertisements to recruit hard-to-reach and stigmatized populations. To minimize harm to participants and research staff, researchers must preemptively implement detailed social media recruitment and monitoring guidelines for monitoring and responding to negative feedback on targeted Facebook advertisements.
DO ASIAN AND NON-ASIAN DIFFERENT? A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SENIOR TOURISTS’ MOTIVATION WHEN TRAVELLING TO BALI
Authors: Wijaya Serli 
Published: December 2019

This research aimed to identify the push and pull factors of the motivation of senior tourists from Asia and non-Asia in choosing Bali as their destination, as well as examining any differences in the push and pull factors of both groups of nationality. Exploratory factor analysis that was continued with differences analysis were completed to analyse the data. Results revealed six factors that pushed seniors to travel to Bali: 1) exploring and increasing knowledge about the local culture, 2) quality time and visiting nostalgic places with close accompanies, 3) relaxation and having fun, 4) spending time with family members, 5) rejuvenation and health, 6) sharing about destination experience. In addition, there were four pull factors namely: 1) hospitality services and tourist attractions, 2) local culture, 3) natural scenery and climate, 4) quite rest area. While significant differences shown between Asian and non-Asian in factors that intrinsically pushed them totravel to Bali, no significant differences appeared between senior tourists from two groups of nationaliy in considering Bali’s destination attributes that pulled them to visit the island.
Russia’s Export Specialization in Africa
Authors: Podoba Z. S. , Smirnova M. M. 
Published: November 2019

The paper is devoted to the study of Russia’s export specialization in the countries of Africa in the period from 2001 to 2017. A comprehensive analysis of the dynamics, the commodity and geographical structure of Russian exports to the African continent has been carried out. Using bilateral trade data for product groups at the level of two digits of the Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System (HS), this study examines the main patterns of comparative advantage in Russia’s trade with the countries of the region in the early 21st century. Based on the calculation results of the bilateral revealed comparative advantage index (RCA), authors identified a group of Russia’s trade partners in Africa, characterized by the largest number of export specialization product groups: Algeria, Angola, Guinea, Egypt, South Africa. Comparative analysis of Russia’s export specialization in Africa with the main partners in terms of trade turnover indicates, that Russia has more diverse comparative advantages in trade with some African countries (17 product groups), than with European ones, such as Germany (9 product groups) and Netherlands (8 groups). The study shows that Russia has export specialization in the following main product groups in African countries: HS 84 ‘Nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof ’, HS 85‘Electrical machinery and equipment and parts thereof ’, HS 87 ‘Vehicles other than railway or tramway rolling-stock, and parts and accessories thereof ’, HS 48‘Paper and paperboard’ and HS 10‘Cereals’. The authors revealed, that the intensity of Russia’s export specialization in African countries increases with the augmentation of the technical complexity of products exported. It proves that Russian industrial products have competitive advantages in the African market. The development and strengthening of economic cooperation with Africa is one of the most important direction of non-commodity and non-energy exports expansion and geographical diversification of Russian trade. The paper concludes by discussing the promising avenues for the future Russian-African export partnership.