bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novels Of Constitutional Production: Theoretical Aspect
Authors: Rozvadovskyi V.I. 
Published: February 2020

The article is devoted to the problem of short stories in constitutional proceedings, the problems of their understanding, implementation and improvement of a number of related provisions. The Law of Ukraine “About the Constitutional Court of Ukraine” has expanded the catalogue of powers of production entities; especially the institution of a constitutional complaint has been introduced as the only effective mechanism for protecting individuals and legal entities regarding violated rights and freedoms.
The innovations of the current Law of Ukraine “On the Constitutional Court of Ukraine” included the following powers of this institution: providing, at the request of the President of Ukraine or at least forty-five people’s deputies of Ukraine, conclusions on the compliance of the Constitution of Ukraine with questions that are proposed for submission to an all-Ukrainian referendum on a popular initiative; resolving issues of compliance with the Constitution of Ukraine and the laws of Ukraine of regulatory legal acts of the Supreme Council of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea at the request of the President of Ukraine; resolving issues of compliance of the laws of Ukraine (their individual provisions) with the norms of the Constitution of Ukraine on the constitutional complaint of a person who believes that the law of Ukraine applied in the final judicial decision in his case is contrary to the Constitution of Ukraine.
The above law also provides for the official interpretation of only the norms of the Constitution of Ukraine. At the same time, under the Law “On the Constitutional Court of Ukraine”, as amended in 1996, powers were provided for the interpretation of laws. Moreover, according to the author, the function of interpreting the norms of the Constitution and laws of Ukraine should belong to a single body of constitutional justice of Ukraine as an independent and abstracted subject of political and legal processes.
According to the author’s opinion, certain provisions can be attributed to the novels of the law “On the Constitutional Court of Ukraine”, according to which the legislator combined not only the European model of constitutional justice, but also the Anglo-Saxon one in terms of the organizational structure of the Court. This is evidenced by the introduction of the Chamber as an analogue of the European Court of Human Rights, the structure of which includes all judges, two senates of 9 judges and six boards of 3 judges each. The listed subjects of constitutional proceedings have the status of court bodies
According to the author, this law also requires additions in terms of specifying the procedure for the competition of candidates for the post ofjudge of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine, in matters of probation in court before deciding on their appointment. In addition, it is advisable to provide for amendments to the law of the procedure for dismissing judges of the court, as well as competitive selection for the position of category “A” employees in the Secretariat of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine.
GORODNYA – KIEV DEFENSIVE WALLS IN IX-XIII CENTURIES. PART TWO. THALLUS
Authors: Lukyanchenko Vadym 
Published: February 2020

The article is a continuation of the author's research, which raises the question of the structural and functional features of the defence structures of the city of Kyiv in the IX-XIII centuries.
Based on the analysis of scientific literature, comprising of written and archaeological sources, and reconstructions of urban fortifications of a certain time, the author has proposed his scheme of construction evolution of derelict fortified structures of Ancient Rus. He states that: firstly, at the beginning of erection of earth shafts, their reinforcement was never performed, and secondly, the construction of shafts of complex type (reinforced) arose as a result of repeated repairs and restructuring of initially low timber fortifications, and thirdly, the complexity of fortifications. Only the duration of their active functioning was affected. Particular attention is paid to the construction of the defensive walls of the "city of Yaroslav" in Kyiv, the remains of which were found during archaeological excavations in 1952, 1971-1973, 1981 and 2001. The author argues that in the timber walls of the "city of Yaroslavl" in the areas near the Golden and Liadsky gates and on the Maydan Nezalezhnosti, where vertical auxiliary lattice frames from the cages, which did not connect with the cages of the main structure of the fortification, were fixed - initially there was a thallus. The gap between the main and the auxiliary structures should have prevented the transmission to the main array of dynamic loading walls from falling projectiles. The latter partly rebounded at the enemy, partially destroyed the hack itself, making it an additional obstacle for the attacking side.
Taking into account the presence in the defensive fortifications of the thallus, the author concludes that the defenders of the city used not only bows but also metal tools. The article hypothesizes that the material used in the IX-XIII centuries in Kyiv for the production of metal shells, there was unbaked moist clay from which balls of various sizes were made.
Emisiones de dióxido de carbono en estratos de mangle en la Amazonia Oriental Brasileña
Authors: Castellón Rodríguez Nelson , Vitorino Maria I. , Berrêdo José F. , Gonçalves Jardim Mário A. , Oliveira de Miranda Artur G. 
Published: February 2020

Introduction: Carbon dioxide emissions from mangrove soils have a potential impact on the global carbon balance. They are related to anthropic actions and natural processes with interspecific interactions involving physical-chemical and environmental variables. Objective: In this research, the seasonality of carbon dioxide emissions related to different strata of mangrove vegetation, soil physical-chemical makeup and physical environmental factors were evaluated. Methods: Nine plots of 20 x 20 m were demarcated (three for each of the three vegetation strata) in the Experimental Site of the Federal Rural University of the Amazon and the Federal University of Pará in Cuiarana, Salinópolis, Pará, Brazil. Duplicate soil samples were taken from each plot during three consecutive seasonal periods and analyzed in the laboratory. Carbon dioxide emissions were monitored for 88 days through the basal breathing of the soil methodology; other variables evaluated were soil moisture and temperature, hydrogenic potential, redox potential, carbon and nitrogen of the microbial biomass, organic matter and composition of sand, silt and clay. Precipitation data was obtained from the CMORPH technique of the Climate Forecast Center - NOAA. Information on tides was obtained from the Brazilian Navy’s Fundeadouro de Salinópolis. Results: The results showed that the highest carbon dioxide emissions occurred in the rainy season 2017 on average 7.5 (14.5 TCO2 ha/year) mg/100 cm3. With 10.5 mg/100 cm3 (21 TCO2 ha/year), the adult stratum was the largest source of emissions. The highest seasonal correlations of the emissions in relation to the incubation intervals occurred in the rainy season, in the adult stratum the days 1,2,3,4,3,3 and 5. Using principal component analysis (PCA) it was found that the highest correlations of carbon dioxide emissions and physical-chemical variables occurred in the adult stratum with 56 % variance. The highest correlations were found with the variables soil moisture, Ph, organic matter, carbon and microbial nitrogen. The Kruskal-Wallis test corroborated these results, indicating significant differences between vegetation strata and CO2 emissions (P= 0.0170); and the Tukey test confirmed greater statistical importance of the adult mangrove in relation to the other strata (P= 0.0140). Conclusions: In the three analyzed stations, the highest emissions occurred in the rainy period with an average of 14.5 TCO2 ha/year and the adult stratum was responsible for the highest emissions registering 21 TCO2 ha/year difference that was statistically significant with the other strata (P = 0.0140).
Migración internacional y cambio climático: conexiones y desconexiones entre México y Centroamérica
Authors: Casillas Rodolfo 
Published: February 2020

El cambio climático en Centroamérica genera, entre otros efectos, migraciones en el interior o al exterior de los países de origen. La migración centroamericana que transita por México es importante por su volumen, por ser indocumentada y por su diversificación social, de género y etaria. Algunas localidades mexicanas susceptibles al cambio climático están en las rutas migratorias que atraviesan el país, mientras que otras con la misma susceptibilidad posiblemente sean receptoras de emergentes asentamientos indefinidos de quienes desde 2019 esperan respuesta a su solicitud de refugio en Estados Unidos. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar la posible relación entre las localidades mexicanas con problemas climáticos y el tránsito de migraciones centroamericanas, así como referir los riesgos de aquellas que sean receptoras de los nuevos asentamientos. Con base en fuentes documentales y hemerográficas y resultados empíricos, se analizan esos procesos desde una perspectiva histórico- procesual. Las conclusiones apuntan a vacíos de conocimiento; flujos migratorios mixtos, que incluyen a migrantes por razones climáticas; a tránsito por un bajo número de localidades mexicanas con riesgo climático, dispersas por las rutas migratorias; a procesos con algunas conexiones y a otros que, sin tenerlas, no escapan al riesgo de potenciar posibles intolerancias sociales.

Abstract
Climate change in Central America generates, among other effects, migrations inside and outside the countries of origin. The Central American migration that travels through Mexico is important because of its volume, because it is undocumented and diversified socially, by gender and age. Some Mexican localities susceptible to climate change are on the migratory routes through Mexico, while others with the same susceptibility may be receivers of emerging indefinite settlements from those who expect a response to their request for refuge in the United States, since 2019. The objective of this article is to analyze the possible relationship between the Mexican localities with climatic problems and the transit of Central American migrations, as well as referring the risks of those who are receivers of the new settlements. Based on secondary sources and empirical results, these processes are analyzed from a procedural historical perspective. The conclusions point to knowledge gaps, mixed migratory flows that include migrants for climatic reasons, transit through a low number of Mexican towns with climate risk, dispersed by migratory routes and also to processes with some connections and others that, without having them, do not escape the risk of fostering possible social intolerances.
Inteligencia y contrainteligencia militar frente a fallos y desafíos. El caso de Culiacán, México (2019)
Authors: Mendoza Cortes Paloma 
Published: February 2020

El presente artículo se deriva de la tesis doctoral El proceso de toma de decisiones en el Ejército Mexicano: la función de la Inteligencia Militar. La investigación es retomada para analizar la operación de captura de Ovidio Guzmán, en Culiacán, Sinaloa, México. Se confrontan fuentes de primera mano de inteligencia militar con información de fuentes abiertas y se determinan los posibles fallos de inteligencia y contrainteligencia que condujeron al gobierno mexicano a tomar la decisión de liberar a Ovidio Guzmán frente a los actos de violencia y al uso del ciberespacio por el crimen organizado para tal fin. A partir de la información consultada, se concluye que existió una falta de cooperación interagencial y fallos del Gabinete de Seguridad de México en el proceso de toma de decisiones en situaciones críticas.
Abstract
This analysis is based on the dissertation The Mexican Army decision-making process: The role of Military Intelligence. The original research is applied to the case of the Ovidio Guzmán capture operation in Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico. First-hand sources of military intelligence are confronted with information from open sources to evaluate the possible intelligence and counterintelligence failures that can explain the Mexican government´s decision to release Ovidio Guzman after members of his cartel committed acts of extreme violence and exploited social media. Based on the sources consulted, the author concludes the key factors that led to the failure of the operation were the lack of inter-agency cooperation and deficiencies in the decision-making process by the Security Cabinet of Mexico.
Institutionalization of Justice in the Provisions of Russskaya Pravda (Russian Justice)
Authors: Vereshchagina A. V. , Omelyanenko M. E. 
Published: February 2020

The phenomenon of Russskaya Pravda (Russian Justice) has been the subject of numerous studies. However, until now there has not been any exhaustively complete description of the judicial system of Ancient Russia due to scarcity of authentic sources.An analysis of the provisions of the most well-known copies of Russkaya Pravda (Russian Justice) and available research have resulted in making a number of statements.The system of justice in Ancient Russia was multisystematic in character and consisted of 4 relatively independent systems: communal, patrimonial, ecclesiastical and princely. The system under consideration had developed as a result of preservation of tribal elements and social stratification, active political genesis and Christianization. The organization of government, including the judicial system, was based on the principle of suzerainty-vassalage, i.e. the persons involved in the administration of justice were servants of the Prince who delegated judicial power to them. The competence of judicial officials was diversified according to the subject matter, territorial and personal criteria. In the system of powers of judicial officials, the powers to charge fees and fines and to impose penalties were the most important. Under Russkaya Pravda (Russian Justice) the system of judicial officials represents a kind of matrix underlying the subsequent institutionalization of judicial bodies.The complex of powers of officials dealing with pre-trial preparation of cases and enforcement of judgments proves that, despite the unity of the procedure for resolving all types of “grievances,” the law-maker distinguished civil and criminal disputes.
Dissolution of Marriage: An Interrelation between Legal and Social Aspects
Authors: Zykov S. V. 
Published: February 2020

The paper deals with the legal institution of dissolution of marriage in the context of creating conditions for the marriage preservation. It is concluded that it is necessary to change the procedure of dissolution of marriage in order to ensure the possibility of reconciliation of spouses, for example, to determine the powers of the court to refer the case to a specialist, who performs conciliation (mediator or psychologist), if this procedure is free of charge for spouses. Given the importance of preservation of the family when there are minor children in the family, the possibility of reconciliation must also be extended. The second approach to changing the existing law in the area of marriage dissolution with regard to the grounds, may include the transition to the concept of “divorce/ sanction” (including its flexible application). This approach is widely used in foreign legislation, it has long been traditional for domestic law and is approved in legal consciousness. The third approach may involve the modification of law enforcement practices relating to post-divorce upbringing of children, which indirectly motivates one party to divorce, even though this practice does not correspond either to the law or to social expediency. As a possible option, we recommend the use of the foreign institution of “joint guardianship” adapted in our system of law as determination of the place of residence of the child on a parity basis.
Application of the EU Law in Russian Courts in the Conditions of the Selective Interaction between Russia and the EU
Authors: Kalinichenko P. A. 
Published: February 2020

Political relations between Russia and the European Union have changed significantly since 2014. On the one hand, the new political realities are making the current situation in relations, even legally, not as cloudless and full of hope as it was 25 years ago when the Partnership and Cooperation Agreement between Russia and the EU was signed. On the other hand, bilateral agreements between Russia and the EU continue to operate and be applied by the parties in the new conditions of selective interaction between Russia and the EU.The paper is devoted to the transformation of the fundamentals of legal regulation of relations between Russia and the EU in the context of new political relations, characterized by the formula of "selective interaction" as well as the ongoing Europeanization of Russian judicial practice. The paper discusses the existing bilateral agreements between Russia and the EU, analyzes Russian jurisprudence related to the application of EU law and the use of the precedents of the EU Court. The article also focuses on the Europeanization of the practice of the EAEU Court.
Parties Involved in Civil and Arbitrazh Procedural Relations with the Prosecutor’s Participation
Authors: Golovko I. I. 
Published: February 2020

In the Soviet period of the development of the prosecutorial activity science, individual authors substantiated ideas about legal relations with the participation of the prosecutor, which have not been developed in modern science. The current active development of the science of prosecutorial activity necessitates focusing on such categories as the structure and content of legal relations with the participation of the prosecutor, their research and substantiation of the provisions on which the further study could be based. The paper presents the results of a study of civil and arbitrazh procedural legal relations with the participation of the prosecutor in terms of the subject elements. The conclusion on the determination of the prosecutor (but not the prosecutor’s body) by one of the subjects of the main civil and arbitrazh procedural legal relations is justified. The participants of the indicated procedural legal relations and their roles are determined. Based on the study, it was concluded that the civil and arbitrazh procedural legal relations involving a prosecutor are bilateral.
On the Concept of Legal Education
Authors: Dotsenko A. S. 
Published: February 2020

The paper attempts to conduct a comprehensive study of legal education as a legal category. Modern scientific approaches to the definition of the concept of legal education are considered, a distinction is made and the relationship between the legal phenomenon under study and related legal categories is determined. The author comes to the unequivocal conclusion that legal education as a legal category has an independent legal significance. Based on the analysis of modern scientific legal literature and current legislation, the author identifies features of legal education that clarify and supplement the existing concepts. Today, legal education is an independent direction of state policy. The measures implemented in the system of legal education act as a kind of tool for the formation of a legal culture and stimulate the active lawful behavior of individuals. The purpose of legal education is to ensure the full legal socialization of a person, and the final expected result is the formation of a high legal culture of society.
Percepción de la imagen corporal en mujeres de 25 años del municipio de Ponedera (Atlántico)
Authors: Lara Cervantes Bruno , Nieto Mendoza Isaac 
Published: February 2020

Antecedentes: La imagen corporal es la percepción que cada individuo posee de su propio cuerpo y resulta de una construcción multidimensional la cual —en ocasiones— no está correlacionada con el aspecto físico real. Objetivo: Conocer la percepción corporal de mujeres de 25 años del municipio de Ponedera (Atlántico) a través del Body Shape Questionnaire (cuestionario de la forma corporal) BSQ. Materiales y métodos: Estudio cuantitativo de tipo descriptivo y corte transversal. El ámbito de estudio que se presenta en este artículo ha sido el municipio de Ponedera (Atlántico). Participaron 145 mujeres en edad de 25 años de dos barrios populares del municipio de Ponedera (Atlántico), que respondieron a un cuestionario de autocumplimentación de forma voluntaria y anónima. BSQ. Resultados: se apreció una tendencia de la mayoría de la muestra hacia una preocupación extrema por la imagen corporal (92%), es decir, las mujeres que se ubicaron en esta categoría reconocen tener problemas asociados al exceso de peso, como también ciertos complejos a la hora de interactuar en su contexto teniendo presente que para ellas es importante lo que puedan decir las demás personas sobre su cuerpo y por ende, evitan situaciones en las que su imagen corporal sea materia de discusión. Conclusión: Es preciso que en este sector se lleven a cabo campañas para promover la actividad física al igual que secciones con expertos en nutrición que brinden pautas para la sana alimentación a fin de que la población femenina de este entorno adquiera estilos de vida saludable.
Study of microalbuminuria and its correlation with severity of disease in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: . Shashidhar , R. Madhumathi , G. Aishhwarrya Umeshchandara 
Published: February 2020

Background: Microalbuminuria is a marker of endothelial dysfunction and an important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Microalbuminuria may be seen due to hypoxemia in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The objectives were to study the presence of microalbuminuria in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and to determine the relationship of microalbuminuria with severity of COPD using GOLD staging.Methods: The study was done on 68 patients of COPD. Urine spot albumin measurement, pulmonary function tests, spirometry and GOLD staging were done. Severity of COPD was assessed by GOLD staging. Pearson Co-relation test and ANOVA test were used for statistical analysis.Results: Statistical analysis showed that strong and statistically significant positive correlation of Microalbuminuria with GOLD staging(r =0.749, p = 0.001).Conclusions: Microalbuminuria(MAB) was found to increase in patients with increasing severity of COPD. Hence its potential role as a marker of severity of disease and in predicting risk of cardiovascular disease can be explored.