bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Familiar phrases in language competence
Authors: Van Lancker Sidtis Diana 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Under the umbrella term of “familiar phrases,” this paper presents an overview of current understanding of formulaic language, categorizing the phenomena, for heuristic reasons, as formulaic expressions (idioms, proverbs, conversational speech formulas, expletives), lexical bundles (sentence stems, conventional expressions, discourse organizers), and collocations (a range of other unitary, multiword expressions). These exemplars share the features of cohesion and familiarity: they are known and recognized by speakers of a language, and stored in mental representation with their concomitant features of structure, phonetic and prosodic shape, meaning, and use. This tripartite grouping of expressions can be differentiated in terms of nuance, role of frequency, and degree of cohesion. These characteristics lead to new conceptions of memory capacity. Examples from everyday observations and from the media, revealing cohesion and knowledge of typical expressions and their characteristics, are included along with linguistic and psychological studies to support various views of the similarities and differences between these classes of familiar phrases. Revised views of the processes involved in acquisition of FPs are also considered. Performance by persons with neurological disorders reveals specific effects on production of formulaic expressions and lexical bundles, suggesting not only that novel and familiar language are modulated by different brain structures, but that subclasses of FPs may be differently represented. Linguistic, psychological, and neurolinguistic evidence converge to a dual-process model of language, whereby grammatical, newly created and unitary, familiar phrases are acquired and processed according to different cerebral mechanisms.
Dual process frameworks on reasoning and linguistic discourse
Authors: Heine Bernd , Kuteva Tania , Long Haiping 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The objective of the present paper is to compare two kinds of research traditions that developed in the course of the last decades to understand mental and linguistic processing. One tradition relies on the perspective and methodology commonly used in social psychology, cognitive psychology and related fields, while the other is rooted in some form or other in linguistics, drawing mainly or exclusively on language data. In both research traditions it has been argued that certain parts of human behavior exhibit a dualistic organization which can be described in terms of dual process frameworks of analysis. The paper argues that findings made in psychological and linguistic work exhibit a number of commonalities which are in need of explanation.
Language activity in the light of cerebral hemisphere differences
Authors: Guryev Alexander , Delafontaine François 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This chapter explores in a theoretical manner the potential correlations, previously suggested by Heine et al. (2015), between hemispheric specialization in neurolinguistics and a dual organization of discourse. The dual processing of language is represented here by the pragma-syntax, the level at which grammatical units manifest shared mental representations in discursive memory and generate inferences. While it is widely accepted that the left hemisphere of the brain is of utmost importance for morphosyntactic structuring of discourse, we will argue that the right hemisphere is crucial in processing operations at the pragma-syntactic level. Following a review of the questions surrounding hemispheric specialization, and of the language phenomena it can affect, we will present the pragma-syntactic model of human grammar. This paper will then suggest how it can effectively describe the phenomena whose comprehension has been previously reported in a number of studies as being dependent on the intact activity of the right brain, notably: irony, indirect speech acts and connectives.
Dual processing in a functional-cognitive theory of grammar and its neurocognitive basis
Authors: Boye Kasper , Harder Peter 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Functional-cognitive linguists are typically more interested in what is shared between grammar and other aspects of language than in what is special about grammar. Construction grammar as the currently most prominent functional-cognitive theory of grammar explicitly downplays the grammar-lexicon distinction and suggests a model based on the notion of ‘constructicon’ as a unified inventory of linguistic expressions. In a neurocognitive perspective, this goes naturally with the idea of a single processing mechanism. Neurolinguistic evidence does not support this extreme position, however, but rather suggests a significant difference between lexical and grammatical processing. There is thus a need for a more well-developed functional-cognitive theory of the neurocognitive underpinning of the grammar-lexicon distinction. In this chapter we present a theory of the specific nature of grammar, which integrates three recent theories: a usage-based linguistic theory of the grammar-lexicon distinction (Boye & Harder 2012), a theory of the distinction between declarative and procedural memory (Ullman 2001, 2004), and a theory of brain organization (Mogensen 2011).
Dichotomous or continuous?
Authors: Izutsu Katsunobu , Izutsu Mitsuko Narita 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This article demonstrates that final particles (more broadly markers) in four East Asian languages (Japanese, Korean, Chinese, and Mongolian) and three West European languages (English, Spanish, and German) follow a similar semantic/discourse-functional ordering principle when they occur in sequence: more intersubjective particles follow more subjective or less intersubjective particles. These particles can be largely classified into two types: sentence-final and utterance-final types. A detailed description of both types in languages like Japanese reveals that the sentence-final type has some properties of both domains postulated in a dualistic conception of grammar (thetical grammar and sentence grammar, inter alia, in Kaltenböck et al. (2011) and Heine et al. (2013); macrogrammar and microgrammar in Haselow (2016a) among others). Japanese sentence-final particles, par excellence, are microgrammartical and sentence-grammatical elements on formal grounds but macrogrammatical and thetical-grammatical elements in functional terms. This fact requires us to recognize that the two domains do not comprise a dichotomy but form a continuum to a greater degree than assumed thus far.
Formulaic language and Discourse Grammar
Authors: Kaltenböck Gunther 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This chapter proposes a dualistic classification of formulaic sequences based on the assumptions of Discourse Grammar, which distinguishes two components of language organisation and processing, viz. Sentence grammar and Thetical grammar. Accordingly, we can distinguish between Sentence grammar formulaic sequences (SG-FS) and Thetical grammar formulaic sequences (TG-FS). This classification is in line with some of the main taxonomies of formulaic language in the literature and corresponds with hemispheric differences identified for brain function. The proposed classification is tested in an empirical study of speech data from speakers with either left-hemisphere disorder (Broca’s aphasia) or right-hemisphere disorder. The results show that the two types of speech disorder differ significantly with regard to the frequencies of each formulaic type, thus providing evidence for the classification proposed.
Agreement Groups and dualistic syntactic processing
Authors: Drienkó László 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This chapter discusses the dualistic characteristics of the Agreement Groups (AG) model of linguistic processing and language acquisition, a usage-based distributional approach building on cognitive mechanisms for storing groups of similar utterances in memory, and mechanisms for mapping utterances onto such groups. AGs, i.e. groups of minimally differing utterances, provide a means for processing novel sequences. Furthermore, AGs may facilitate categorisation (lexical/syntactic, semantic), and might serve as the foundations for ‘real’ agreement relations. Longer sequences involve a ‘coverage’ mechanism that processes utterance fragments. I point out three inherently dualistic components of AG processing – familiar/novel utterances, groups/group-combinations, and continuous/discontinuous fragments – that may be relevant for linguistic modelling, and indicate convergences with other fields of research.
‘I understand’-initiated formulations of the other
Authors: Keevallik Leelo , Weatherall Ann 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Some language patterns appear fixed at a certain time, enabling their
description as grammatical structures. Semi-fixed patterns that routinely
accomplish specific social actions constitute more of an analytical
challenge. This chapter targets the phrase ma saan aru ‘I
understand’ in Estonian together with the ensuing other-attentive
formulation ‘2nd person expression + a cognitive concept’ and argues that it
is a semi-fixed expression, a “claim to the intersubjective”, that manages a
misalignment between participants. While claiming to have successfully
accessed the other’s motives or feelings, the speaker regularly advances her
own agenda through the formulation of the other. This suggests a systematic
relationship between cognitive lexicon, grammatical structure, and
interactional function, and calls for a language theory that incorporates
semi-fixedness.
Exploration into a new understanding of ‘zero anaphora’ in Japanese
everyday talk
Authors: Ono Tsuyoshi , Suzuki Ryoko 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This chapter examines the phenomenon called ‘zero anaphora’ in Japanese where
syntactic arguments, thought to be projected by the predicates, are assumed
to be deleted yet their referents are still tracked. A close inspection of
representative narrative and interactive segments reveals that everyday
talk, the primordial form of language, is carried out largely through more
or less fixed expressions which are better analyzed as not projecting
syntactic arguments. This suggests that deletion of arguments and tracking
of referents might not be relevant to the grammar of Japanese everyday talk.
We demonstrate this by discussing several facts including: (1) inserting
what might be thought of as ‘deleted’ arguments in relevant examples makes
them consistently more marked, awkward, or even unacceptable and (2)
‘deleted’ arguments are often associated with multiple equally possible
referents, or no referents. The predominance of fixed expressions in our
data suggests that they constitute the basic type of language in Japanese
everyday talk. It is hoped that the current study is a contribution to
building a model of grammar which captures this very characteristic of
everyday talk where (semi-) fixed structure continuously emerges.
Self-addressed questions as fixed expressions for epistemic stance
marking in Japanese conversation
Authors: Endo Tomoko , Yokomori Daisuke 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Speakers in conversation do not always produce utterances smoothly. Among the
various ways of deferring utterance production, this chapter focuses on
three kinds of self-addressed questions (SAQs) in Japanese conversation:
nan-daroo ‘what would it be,’
nan-te-yuu-no ‘what do you call it,’ and
nan-da-kke ‘what was it again.’ Through quantitative
analyses, we argue that the SAQs should be treated as fixed expressions for
marking the epistemic stance of the speaker. We then qualitatively examine
how these SAQs are used in conversation and discuss that the use of the
different types of SAQs, each of which indicates a specific type of trouble,
contributes to the management of progressivity of the interaction and
intersubjectivity between participants.
Taxonomic description of six species of pelagic, freshwater ciliates from the Order Choreotrichida collected from Lake Ontario, Canada
Authors: Humby P.L. , Lynn D.H. 
Published: June 2020

Aloricate ciliates are essential members of the pelagic microbial foodweb and are easy to identify in samples, yet the taxonomic database is insufficient and many species have yet to be described. Individuals from the Phylum Ciliophora Doflein, 1901, Order Choreotrichida Small and Lynn, 1985 were collected from the epilimnion (upper 20m) of Lake Ontario in the spring, summer and autumn of 1990 and 1991. They were fixed and silver-stained. Here we describe the morphospecies of five species from the genus Rimostrombidium Jankowski, 1978: Rimostrombidium kyoskota n.sp., Rimostrombidium pentagrammum n.sp., Rimostrombidium trioeumekes n.sp., Rimostrombidium paravelox Kahl, 1932 n.comb., Rimostrombidium brachykinetum Krainer, 1995 and one from the genus Pelagostrobilidium Petz et al., 1995: Pelagostrobilidium limnospirale n.sp. Increasing the taxonomic database allows for a more detailed monitoring of the biodiversity and energy transfer within a system, which in turn can better inform ecosystem management decisions.
The classical double slit experiment–a study of the distribution of interference fringes formed on distant screens of varied shapes
Authors: Thomas Joseph Ivin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The double slit experiment was the first demonstrative proof of the wave nature of light. It was expounded by the English physician-physicist Thomas Young in 1801 and it soon helped lay to rest the then raging Newton–Huygens debate on whether light consisted of a fast-moving stream of particles or a train of progressive waves in the ether medium. In the experiment, light is made to pass through two very narrow slits spaced closely apart. A screen placed on the other side captures a pattern of alternating bright and dark bands called fringes which are formed as a result of the phenomenon of interference. In prior work by the same author, it was shown that the conventional analysis of Young’s experiment that is used in many introductory physics textbooks, suffers from a number of limitations in regards to its ability to accurately predict the positions of these fringes on the distant screen. This was owing to the adoption of some needless and paradoxical assumptions to help simplify the geometry of the slit barrier-screen arrangement. In the new analysis however, all such approximations were discarded and a hyperbola theorem was forwarded which was then suitably applied to determine the exact fringe positions on screens of varied shapes (linear, semi-circular, semi-elliptical). This paper further builds on that work by laying down the mathematical framework necessary for counting fringes and then comparing their distributions on differently shaped screens, using MATLAB software package for numerical–graphical simulation. In addition, a pair of equivalent laws of proportionality are predicted that govern the distribution of fringes independent of the shape of the detection screen employed.
Uncertainty of three-nucleon continuum observables arising from uncertainties of two-nucleon potential parameters
Authors: Volkotrub Yu , Golak J , Skibiński R , Topolnicki K , Witała H , Epelbaum E , Krebs H , Reinert P 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
We investigate the impact of statistical uncertainties in the two-nucleon potentials on the neutron–deuteron elastic scattering and the deuteron breakup reaction observables at incoming nucleon kinetic energy up to 200 MeV. To that end we use the semi-phenomenological one-pion-exchange- Gaussian two-nucleon potential developed by the Granada group and the recent semi-local momentum-space regularized chiral nucleon–nucleon interaction at various orders, neglecting the three-nucleon force present in the three-nucleon system. The magnitudes of statistical uncertainties for these two potentials are found to be rather similar. For the chiral potential, we also show truncation errors estimated, among others, using the Bayesian method and discuss the residual cutoff dependence. The statistical uncertainty is generally found to be smaller than the truncation errors except for certain observables calculated at high chiral orders at nucleon energies up to 65 MeV. In general, magnitudes of the theoretical uncertainties are small and amount up to 0.5%–4%, depending on the observable and energy.
Morphology control of single-crystal InSb nanostructures by tuning the growth parameters
Authors: Verma Isha , Zannier Valentina , Rossi Francesca , Ercolani Daniele , Beltram Fabio , Sorba Lucia 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Research interest in indium antimonide (InSb) has increased significantly in recent years owing to its intrinsic properties and the consequent opportunities to implement next-generation quantum devices. Hence, the precise, reproducible control over morphology and crystalline quality becomes of paramount importance for a practical quantum-device technology. Here, we investigate the growth of InSb nanostructures with different morphologies on InAs stems without pre-growth efforts (patterning). InSb nanostructures such as nanowires (1D), nanoflags (2D) and nanocubes (3D) have been realized by means of Au-assisted chemical beam epitaxy by tailoring the growth parameters like growth temperature, precursor fluxes, sample rotation and substrate orientation. Through morphological and crystallographic characterization, all the as-grown InSb 2D nanostructures are found to be single-crystalline with zinc blende structure, free from any defects such as stacking faults and twin planes. The existence of two families of 2D nanostructures, characterised by an aperture angle at the base of 145° and 160°, is observed and modelled. This study provides useful guidelines for the controlled growth of high-quality InSb nanostructures with different shape.
A dissipative time crystal with or without Z2 symmetry breaking
Authors: Lledó Cristóbal , Szymańska Marzena H 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
We study an emergent semiclassical time crystal composed of two interacting driven-dissipative bosonic modes. The system has a discrete

Z

2

spatial symmetry which, depending on the strength of the drive, can be broken in the time-crystalline phase or it cannot. An exact semiclassical mean-field analysis, numerical simulations in the quantum regime, and the spectral analysis of the Liouvillian are combined to show the emergence of the time crystal and to prove the robustness of the oscillation period against quantum fluctuations.
Light higgsino-dominated NLSPs in semi-constrained NMSSM *
Authors: Wang Kun , Zhu Jingya 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In the semi-constrained next-to minimal supersymmetric standard model (scNMSSM, or NMSSM with non-universal Higgs mass) under current constraints, we consider a scenario where

is the SM-like Higgs,

is a singlino-dominated LSP;

and

are mass-degenerated, light, and higgsino-dominated next-to-lightest supersymmetric particles (NLSPs). We investigate the constraints of these NLSPs by searching for supersymmetry particles at the LHC Run-I and Run-II and discuss the possibility of discovering these NLSPs in the future. We arrive at the following conclusions: (i) With all data of Run I and up to

data of Run II at the LHC, the search results by ATLAS and CMS still cannot exclude the higgsino-dominated NLSPs of

. (ii) When the mass difference with

is smaller than

,

and

have opposite preferences with regard to decaying to

or

. (iii) When the mass difference between NLSP and LSP is larger than

, most samples can be verified at the

level with future

data at the LHC. Meanwhile, with

data at high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC), almost all of the samples can be verified at the

level, even if the mass difference is insufficient. (iv) The

funnel and the

funnel mechanisms for the singlino-dominated LSP annihilation cannot be distinguished by searching for NLSPs.
Hadronic spectra from deformed AdS backgrounds *
Authors: Capossoli Eduardo Folco , Martín Contreras Miguel Angel , Li Danning , Vega Alfredo , Boschi-Filho Henrique 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Because of the presence of modified warp factors in metric tensors, we use deformed AdS
5 spaces to apply the AdS/CFT correspondence to calculate the spectra for even and odd glueballs, scalar and vector mesons, and baryons with different spins. For the glueball cases, we derive their Regge trajectories and compare them with those related to the pomeron and the odderon. For the scalar and vector mesons, as well as baryons, the determined masses are compatible with the PDG. In particular, for these hadrons we found Regge trajectories compatible with another holographic approach as well as with the hadronic spectroscopy, which present an universal Regge slope of approximately 1.1 GeV2.
Study of the Irradiation Effect by α-Particles on Optical Properties of ZnO:6%In Thin Films
Authors: Aldhuhaibat Mohammed J. R. , Hussein M. L. , Hyder M. T. , Amana Maitham S. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This study investigates the effect of radiation doses of 4.78MeV energy of alpha particles emitted from radium radioactive source (Ra226), which gives an equivalent dose rate of (5mrem/h) with an activity of (60KBq ), on the optical properties of 350nm thickness of the ZnO thin films doped 6% rate of indium (In) that prepared by spray pyrolysis technique. The study of the optical properties included energy gap, reflectivity, absorption coefficient, refractive index, extinction coefficient, real and imaginary insulation constant by recording the transmission and absorption spectra of photons have wavelength range of 300-1000nm before and after exposing the thin film to α-particles to radiation doses of 125, 250 and 500mSv by exposing them to different time periods. When ZnO:6%In thin films exposed to radiation dose, the results generally showed decreasing of the energy gap value, a slight variation in the values of reflectivity, absorption coefficient, refractive index, extinction coefficient, real and imaginary insulation constant at the low dose (125mSv), and a significant variation in the values of these properties at higher doses (250, 500mSv) with a variation in behavior of the curves with the increasing of doses values.
Surrounding refractive index and liquid based sensors using fibre bragg grating
Authors: Shuhada Tan Halid Nurul , Daud Suzairi , Nur Aizatti Rohizad Siti , Multar Esmafatinsyafiqa , Rahim Mohd Yusoff Abdull 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) becomes one of the favourable sensing elements in current technology. In this study, FBG was chosen as the temperature sensor to validate the performance in different liquid samples and surrounding refractive index (SRI). FBG was chosen for the purpose due to its super sensitive sensor, low in cost, minimal of data loss, and other outstanding advantages. The experiment was done in difference sample of liquids, SRI, and condition. The sensitivity of FBG in air, water, and stingless bee honey were recorded at 10.6892 nm/°C, 10.6247 nm/°C, and 13.3985 nm/°C respectively.It shows that FBG is suit as a temperature sensor in different medium and SRI.
Comparison of Fiber Bragg Grating based on SMF and MMF over Temperature Sensitivity
Authors: Osman S.S. , Salim M.A.M. , Sahidan N.S. , Bakhtiar H. , Krishnan G. , Othman M.H.D. , Rahman M.A. , Ismail A.F. , Yahya N. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
We have successfully fabricated and demonstrated a simple, cost-effective and easy to use of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) based on single mode, and multimode fiber which have been employed for temperature monitoring. The study purposely compared the performance of two types of FBGs; single mode FBG (SM-FBG) and multimode FBG (MM-FBG). The FBGs sensor is fabricated by phase mask technique which being exposed to ArF excimer laser with 20 mm uniform grating length and 99% reflectivity. The proposed FBG is studied for temperature monitoring starting at room temperature until 120 °C, and the configurations with SM-FBG and MM-FBG achieved a sensitivity of 10.9 pm/°C and 13.23 pm/°C, respectively whereas linear response correlation coefficient of 0.98229 and 0.99929. These show the MM-FBG has better sensitivity to be used in sensor applications.