bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physical activity, time use, and food intakes of rural households in Ghana, India, and Nepal
Authors: Zanello Giacomo , Srinivasan C. S. , Picchioni Fiorella , Webb Patrick , Nkegbe Paul , Cherukuri Radhika , Neupane Shailes 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWith more than 820 million undernourished people living in rural areas of low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), ending hunger and ensuring access to food by all is a global priority. In the past few decades, the adoption of technological innovations in the agricultural sector and related crop yield improvements have not led to expected improvements in the nutritional status of rural households in many LMICs. The increased energy expenditure associated with the adoption of productivity-enhancing innovations may provide an important explanation of the disconnect between agricultural productivity enhancements and improved nutritional outcomes. We develop a methodology for generating reliable livelihood energy/calorie expenditure profiles for rural agricultural households using research-grade accelerometer devices. We integrate the data on physical activity and energy expenditure in rural households with data on time-use and food intakes to generate a data set that provides a unique window into rural livelihoods. This can be a valuable resource to analyse agriculture-nutrition impact pathways and improve the welfare of rural and agricultural households.
pH-responsive high stability polymeric nanoparticles for targeted delivery of anticancer therapeutics
Authors: Palanikumar L. , Al-Hosani Sumaya , Kalmouni Mona , Nguyen Vanessa P. , Ali Liaqat , Pasricha Renu , Barrera Francisco N. , Magzoub Mazin 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe practical application of nanoparticles (NPs) as chemotherapeutic drug delivery systems is often hampered by issues such as poor circulation stability and targeting inefficiency. Here, we have utilized a simple approach to prepare biocompatible and biodegradable pH-responsive hybrid NPs that overcome these issues. The NPs consist of a drug-loaded polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) core covalently ‘wrapped’ with a crosslinked bovine serum albumin (BSA) shell designed to minimize interactions with serum proteins and macrophages that inhibit target recognition. The shell is functionalized with the acidity-triggered rational membrane (ATRAM) peptide to facilitate internalization specifically into cancer cells within the acidic tumor microenvironment. Following uptake, the unique intracellular conditions of cancer cells degrade the NPs, thereby releasing the chemotherapeutic cargo. The drug-loaded NPs showed potent anticancer activity in vitro and in vivo while exhibiting no toxicity to healthy tissue. Our results demonstrate that the ATRAM-BSA-PLGA NPs are a promising targeted cancer drug delivery platform.
Empirical processes for recurrent and transient random walks in random scenery
Authors: Guillotin-Plantard Nadine , Pène Françoise , Wendler Martin 
Published: March 2020

In this paper, we are interested in the asymptotic behaviour of the sequence of processes (Wn(s,t))s,t∈[0,1] with

\begin{equation*}
W_n(s,t):=\sum_{k=1}^{\lfloor nt\rfloor}\big(\mathds{1}_{\{\xi_{S_k}\leq s\}}-s\big)
\end{equation*}

where (ξx, x ∈ ℤd) is a sequence of independent random variables uniformly distributed on [0, 1] and (Sn)n ∈ ℕ is a random walk evolving in ℤd, independent of the ξ’s. In M. Wendler [Stoch. Process. Appl. 126 (2016) 2787–2799], the case where (Sn)n ∈ ℕ is a recurrent random walk in ℤ such that (n−1/αSn)n≥1 converges in distribution to a stable distribution of index α, with α ∈ (1, 2], has been investigated. Here, we consider the cases where (Sn)n ∈ ℕ is either:
(a) a transient random walk in ℤd,
(b) a recurrent random walk in ℤd such that (n−1/dSn)n≥1 converges in distribution to a stable distribution of index d ∈{1, 2}.
Die chronische Wunde und das lymphologische Therapiekonzept
Authors: Cornelsen Hauke 
Published: March 2020

ZusammenfassungDie manuelle Lymphdrainage und die Kompressionstherapie sind heute in der Behandlung von Lymphödemen die nebenwirkungsfreien Therapiemöglichkeiten der ersten Wahl. Auch das Wissen über die Anatomie, Physiologie und Pathophysiologie des Lymphgefäßsystems nimmt in der Behandlung chronischer Wunden einen immer größeren Platz ein.Die Wirkungsmechanismen der manuellen Lymphdrainage und der lymphologischen Kompressionstherapie sind 1: Erhöhung der Lymphangiomotorik, Abtransport lymphpflichtiger Eiweißlast, Entödematisierung des Lymphödemgebiets, Abbau von Bindegwebsproliferationen sowie verbesserte Mikro- und Makrozirkulation.Weiterhin sind die manuelle Lymphdrainage und die lymphologische Kompressionstherapie eine besondere Indikation in der Therapie der chronischen Wunde, da die Mikrozirkulation durch das beschriebene Behandlungskonzept verbessert wird.Es ist von großem Vorteil, diese bei richtiger Diagnose und Ausführung in den Therapieverlauf der Behandlung der chronischen Wunde zu integrieren. Zudem ist davon auszugehen, dass die lokale Wundtherapie durch moderne Wundauflagen ebenfalls von diesen Wirkungsmechanismen profitiert und die Wundheilung zusätzlich fördern kann. Die Wundtherapie unter anderem auch krankengymnastisch zu unterstützen hat zu einem komplexen Behandlungsschema geführt, welches in der gefäßorientierten Therapie-Praxis durchgeführt wird.
Erhöht die Geburtseinleitung wegen eines frühen
vorzeitigen Blasensprungs ab 34+0 SSW das Risiko für einen
Kaiserschnitt?
Authors: Puhl Alexander , Weiss Christel , Schneid Anna , Zahn Eva , Kraft Katrina , Pretscher Jutta , Faschingbauer Florian , Beckmann Matthias W. , Kehl Sven 
Published: March 2020

Zusammenfassung
Ziel Die Geburtseinleitung in frühen Schwangerschaftswochen ab
34+0 SSW wird häufig in Verbindung mit einem erhöhten
Risiko für einen Kaiserschnitt gebracht. Zuletzt wies der PPROMT Trial
auf eine erhöhte Kaiserschnitt-Rate hin, wenn wegen einem frühen
vorzeitigen Blasensprung (PPROM) die Schwangerschaft vorzeitig beendet wird.
Ziel dieser Untersuchung war daher zu überprüfen, wie die
Effektivität einer Geburtseinleitung nach einem PPROM mit 34 und 35 SSW
im Vergleich zu einem höheren Gestationsalter ist.
Material und Methodik In diese historische Kohortenstudie wurden
Geburtseinleitungen ab 34+0 SSW wegen eines PPROM an zwei
Perinatalzentren eingeschlossen. Geburtseinleitungen mit 34 und 35 SSW (Gruppe
1) wurden mit denen zwischen 36+0 und 36+6 SSW (Gruppe 2)
respektive 37+0 bis 37+6 SSW (Gruppe 3) verglichen. Die
Geburtseinleitung erfolgte 12–24 Stunden nach dem Blasensprung, und eine
antibiotische Prophylaxe wurde routinemäßig gegeben. Der
primäre Zielparameter war die Kaiserschnitt-Rate.
Ergebnisse Es gab signifikant mehr Kaiserschnitte in der Gruppe 3 im
Vergleich zur Gruppe 2 (7 vs. 25%, p=0,0136), jedoch
konnte dieses Ergebnis in der univariablen und multiplen Regressionsanalyse
nicht bestätigt werden. Hierbei zeigte sich kein signifikanter Einfluss
des Gestationsalters (Gruppenzugehörigkeit) auf die Kaiserschnitt-Rate.
Signifikante Parameter, die dieses Risiko erhöhten, waren der Body mass
index und der Bishop score.
Schlussfolgerung Die Geburtseinleitung ab 34+0 SSW wegen eines
frühen vorzeitigen Blasensprungs ist nicht mit einer erhöhten
Rate an Kaiserschnitten assoziiert.
Target Sign of Third Ventricle in Basilar Dolichoectasia with Multiple Clinical Presentations: A Case Report
Authors: Patil Akshay S. , Iratwar Sandeep , Rathod Chetan , Korde Paresh 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBasilar dolichoectasia (BDE) is an uncommon anatomical variant usually detected incidentally or during stroke evaluation. BDE can occasionally become symptomatic and may present with stroke (infarct or hemorrhage), raised intracranial pressure due to obstructive hydrocephalus, or with cranial nerve palsies. We present a unique case of BDE presenting with obstructive hydrocephalus, stroke, and cranial nerve palsy in single patient and propose a radiological sign (target sign of third ventricle), which could aid in imaging diagnosis and further management.
Experimental Evidence Supports New Perspectives in Homeopathy
Authors: Dei Andrea 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe contentious debate between homeopathy and orthodox medicine has been due to the fact that homeopathy is founded on a heuristic philosophy that is not justified by contemporary scientific evidence. In this context, however, two pillars of the method, that is, serial dilution and succussion, are poorly understood in orthodox pharmacology. The experimental data collected in the last 10 years, by means of electronic microscopy, electron diffraction and DNA arrays investigations, are consistent with the presence of nanoparticles (nanoassociates) in homeopathic medicines and seem to provide a coherent view of the essence of the homeopathy discipline, superseding all previous speculative interpretations. An acceptance of this new evidence is here suggested to remove, in principle, the barrier that separates the conventional and homeopathic therapeutic methods, and to offer new and important perspectives on future health care.
Maternal Amino Acid Profiles to Distinguish Constitutionally Small versus Growth-Restricted Fetuses Defined by Doppler Ultrasound: A Pilot Study
Authors: Porter Anne C. , Gumina Diane L. , Armstrong Michael , Maclean Kenneth N. , Reisdorph Nichole , Galan Henry L. , Stabler Sally P. , Bailey Beth A. , Hobbins John C. , Hurt K. Joseph 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objective Fetuses measuring below the 10th percentile for gestational age may be either constitutionally small for gestational age (SGA) or have pathologic fetal growth restriction (FGR). FGR is associated with adverse outcomes; however, identification of low-risk SGA cases is difficult. We performed a pilot study evaluating maternal markers of pathologic FGR, hypothesizing there are distinct amino acid signatures that might be used for diagnosis and development of new interventions.
Study Design This was a cohort study of healthy women with sonographic fetal estimated fetal weight <5th percentile divided into two groups based upon umbilical artery (UmA) Doppler studies or uterine artery (UtA) Doppler studies. We collected maternal blood samples prior to delivery and used ion pair reverse phase liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry or gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to assess 44 amino acids.
Results Among 14 women included, five had abnormal UmA, and three had abnormal UtA Doppler results. Those with abnormal UmA showed elevated ornithine. Those with abnormal UtA had lower dimethylglycine, isoleucine, methionine, phenylalanine, and 1-methylhistidine.
Conclusion We found several amino acids that might identify pregnancies affected by pathologic FGR. These findings support the feasibility of future larger studies to identify maternal metabolic approaches to accurately stratify risk for small fetuses.
Determinants of Neonatal Readmission in Healthy Term Infants: Results from a Nested Case–Control Study
Authors: Hensman Angelita M. , Erickson-Owens Debra A. , Sullivan Mary C. , Quilliam Brian J. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to estimate the incidence and identify the factors associated with neonatal readmission among healthy term infants.
Study Design A nested case–control study with matching was conducted at a large level III perinatal hospital with approximately 8,700 deliveries each year. Each case infant (n = 130) was matched to two control infants (n = 260) on the case infant's date of birth (±7 days) and the mother's maternal age (<20 years, 20–29, 30–39, and >39 years). All infants were selected from a cohort of eligible term, healthy, in-state infants admitted to the newborn unit postdelivery from January 1, 2016 to May 8, 2017. Data were analyzed using hierarchical conditional logistic regression.
Results The incidence of neonatal readmission was 2.2%, and all readmissions occurred within 8.6 days of birth. Earlier gestational age (37 weeks; odds ratio [OR]: 4.11, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.79–9.45; 38 weeks OR: 1.29, CI 0.60–2.75; [ref] 39 weeks), jaundice on day two of life (OR: 2.45; CI: 1.40–4.30), maternal group B streptococcus chemoprophylaxis (OR: 2.55; CI: 1.23–5.28 [Ref N/A]) were associated with readmission. Delivery by cesarean section (OR: 0.31, CI: 0.12–0.79) and each milliliter of formula [first three days] (OR: 0.96; CI: 0.993–0.999) were protective.
Conclusion Neonatal readmission in healthy term infants may potentially be reduced with identification of modifiable determinants of readmission prior to discharge. Policies to capture the true incidence of neonatal readmissions should include admissions to hospitals other than the birth hospital.
Clinical Presentation, Diagnosis, and Management of Mesenteric Vasculopathies in Pediatric Patients
Authors: Khoncarly Saeed M. , Khoncarly Sarah M. , Clark Jennifer , McDaniel Janice D. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMesenteric vasculopathies in pediatric patients pose a challenge for clinicians due to their nonspecific clinical presentations and the lack of reported clinical experience. Few cases have been reported in literature and knowledge of mesenteric vasculopathies has not been thoroughly understood. Diagnosis and management of mesenteric vasculopathies in children is heavily dependent on proper radiologic imaging. In this review, we attempt to consolidate information regarding the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management of mesenteric vasculopathies of congenital malformations, genetic anomalies, vasculitis, and ischemic insults. Pediatric interventional radiology is providing a forefront of minimally invasive techniques for both diagnosis and treatment of various pathologies of the mesenteric vasculature.
Fibonacci Sequence in Flexion-Extension Complex of Index Digit
Authors: Kumar Arunachalam 
Published: March 2020

AbstractFlexion and extension of are simple to and fro movements of the digits. The articulations producing the fully extended or flexed finger are simple condyles. Analysis of the kinetics of the exercise shows that despite its seemingly rudimentary biomechanical sortie, flexionextension of the fingers follows a characteristic mathematical precision and geometric equilibrium, circumscribing a cochlea spiral. Moreover, linear measurements of each osseous elements of the individual digit show a sequential series of increments in dimension, a rise that strictly adheres to the Fibonacci ration. To exemplify the principles of motion, this brief paper describes the movements at example this study describes the flexion-extension complex of the index finger of the hand.
Controlled Release Dinoprostone Insert and Foley Compared to Foley Alone: A Randomized Pilot Trial
Authors: Edwards Rodney K. , Norris Michelle L. , West Mitchell D. , Zornes Christina , Loeffler Katherine A. , Peck Jennifer D. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objective The aim of study is to compare, in a pilot study, combined dinoprostone vaginal insert and Foley catheter (DVI + Foley) with Foley alone (Foley) for cervical ripening and labor induction at term.
Study Design In this open-label pilot randomized controlled trial, women not in labor, with intact membranes, no prior uterine incision, an unfavorable cervix, gestational age ≥37 weeks, and a live, nonanomalous singleton fetus in cephalic presentation were randomly assigned, stratified by parity, to DVI + Foley or Foley. Oxytocin was used in both groups after cervical ripening. Primary outcome was time to vaginal delivery.
Results From April 2017 to January 2018, 100 women were randomized. Median (25–75th percentile) time to vaginal delivery for nulliparous women was 21.2 (16.6–38.0) hours with DVI + Foley (n = 26) compared with 31.3 (23.3–46.9) hours with Foley (n = 24) (Wilcoxon p = 0.05). Median time to vaginal delivery for parous women was 17.1 (13.6–21.9) hours with DVI + Foley (n = 25) compared with 14.8 (12.7–19.5) hours with Foley (n = 25) (Wilcoxon p = 0.21). Results were also analyzed to consider the competing risk of cesarean using cumulative incidence functions.
Conclusion Compared with Foley alone, combined use of the dinoprostone vaginal insert and Foley for cervical ripening may shorten time to vaginal delivery for nulliparous but not parous women.
An Evaluation to Establish the Acceptable Serum Triglyceride Levels in Neonates Receiving Intravenous Fat Emulsion Infusion in a Multicenter Retrospective Study
Authors: Chan Belinda , Lian Anh , Baer Vickie , Robinson Mandy , Ou Zhining , Presson Angela P. , Zinkhan Erin K. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objective This study aimed to establish neonatal serum triglyceride (TG) level reference ranges during lipid infusion and correlate peak TG with neonatal outcomes.
Study Design This is a retrospective review of 356 neonates with 696 TG measures obtained in four neonatal intensive care units between 2015 and 2017. TG was evaluated collectively to establish a reference range and a threshold limit. To analyze the effects of a higher TG threshold, neonates were categorized by their peak TG: <180 (TG<180), 180 to 400 (TG180–400), and > 400 mg/dL (TG>400). Univariable and multivariable regression models were constructed to compare peak TG to patient characteristic and clinical outcomes.
Results The frequency of TG > 400 mg/dL was 5% and found only in neonates weighing < 1.5 kg. Neonates in the TG180–400 (n = 91) group were significantly lower in birth weight and gestational age, had lower 5-minute APGAR scores, and had increased ventilatory requirement when compared with neonates in the TG<180 (n = 240) group (all p < 0.001). The TG180–400 group had increased risk of severe intraventricular hemorrhage (p = 0.02) and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (p = 0.03). Elevated TG was associated with mortality (odds ratio [OR]: 14.4, p < 0.001) in univariable analysis, but the relationship weakened (OR: 4.4, p = 0.05) after adjusting for comorbidities in multivariable logistic regression.
Conclusion It is unclear if the adverse outcomes seen in neonates with higher peak TG were due to elevated TG alone, or whether illness severity predicted the increased TG. More prospective studies are needed to further delineate the relationships.
Anatomy of tragedy: the skeptical gothic in Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein
Authors: Ruttkay Veronika 
Published: March 2020

AbstractCombining philosophical and literary perspectives, this paper argues that Mary Shelley’sFrankensteinis informed by a skeptical problematic that may be traced back to the work of the young David Hume. As the foundational text on romantic monstrosity,Frankensteinhas been studied from various critical angles, including that of Humean skepticism by Sarah Tindal Kareem (Eighteenth-century fiction and the reinvention of wonder. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2014) and Monique Morgan (Romant Net 44, doi:10.7202/013998ar, 2006). However, the striking connections with Hume’sTreatisehave not been fully explored. The paper begins by comparing the three narrators ofFrankensteinwith three figures appearing in Hume’s Conclusion to Book I: the anatomist, the explorer, and the monster. It proceeds by looking at the hybrid “anatomies” offered by Hume and Shelley, suggesting thatFrankensteinmight be regarded as a tragic re-enactment and radicalization of Hume’s skeptical impasse. Whereas Hume alerted his readers to the dangers of a thoroughgoing skepticism only to steer his argument in a new direction, Shelley shows those dangers realized in the “catastrophe” of the Monster’s birth. While Hume had called attention to the impossibility of conducting strictly scientific experiments on “moral subjects”, Shelley devises a counterfactual plot and a multi-layered narrative structure in order to explore that very impossibility. InterpretingFrankensteinas an instance of the “skeptical gothic”, I suggest that both the monster and the scientist (Victor) share some traits with Hume’s radically skeptical philosopher, including a tendency to give up responsibility for what Stanley Cavell (The Claim of Reason: Wittgenstein, skepticism, morality, and tragedy. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1979) called “the maintenance of shared forms of life”. Relying on the work of Cavell, this paper argues that skepticism inFrankensteinis manifested as tragedy, traceable in Shelley’s reliance on tragic tropes throughout the novel.
The impossibility of low-rank representations for triangle-rich complex networks
Authors: Seshadhri C. , Sharma Aneesh , Stolman Andrew , Goel Ashish 
Published: March 2020

Significance
Our main message is that the popular method of low-dimensional embeddings provably cannot capture important properties of real-world complex networks. A widely used algorithmic technique for modeling these networks is to construct a low-dimensional Euclidean embedding of the vertices of the network, where proximity of vertices is interpreted as the likelihood of an edge. Contrary to common wisdom, we argue that such graph embeddings do not capture salient properties of complex networks. We mathematically prove that low-dimensional embeddings cannot generate graphs with both low average degree and large clustering coefficients, which have been widely established to be empirically true for real-world networks. This establishes that popular low-dimensional embedding methods fail to capture significant structural aspects of real-world complex networks.
Speakers are able to categorize vowels based on tongue somatosensation
Authors: Patri Jean-François , Ostry David J. , Diard Julien , Schwartz Jean-Luc , Trudeau-Fisette Pamela , Savariaux Christophe , Perrier Pascal 
Published: March 2020

Significance
Auditory speech perception is known to categorize continuous acoustic inputs into discrete phonetic units, and this property is generally considered to be crucial for the acquisition and the preservation of phonological classes in a native language. Somatosensory input associated with speech production has also been shown to influence speech perception when the acoustic signal is unclear, inducing shifts in category boundaries. Using a specifically designed experimental paradigm we were able to demonstrate that in the absence of auditory feedback, somatosensory feedback on its own enables the identification of phonological categories. This finding indicates that both the auditory and orosensory correlates of speech articulation could jointly contribute to the emergence, the maintenance, and the evolution of phonological categories.
In situ healing of dendrites in a potassium metal battery
Authors: Hundekar Prateek , Basu Swastik , Fan Xiulin , Li Lu , Yoshimura Anthony , Gupta Tushar , Sarbada Varun , Lakhnot Aniruddha , Jain Rishabh , Narayanan Shankar , Shi Yunfeng , Wang Chunsheng , Koratkar Nikhil 
Published: March 2020

SignificanceHistorically, battery self-heating has been viewed negatively as an undesirable attribute. However, we report that battery self-heat, if properly controlled, can smoothen dendritic features in potassium metal batteries. This could open the door to high gravimetric and volumetric energy density potassium-ion batteries that could offer a sustainable and low-cost alternative to the incumbent lithium-ion technology.
Biphasic chemotaxis of
Escherichia coli
to the microbiota metabolite indole
Authors: Yang Jingyun , Chawla Ravi , Rhee Kathy Y. , Gupta Rachit , Manson Michael D. , Jayaraman Arul , Lele Pushkar P. 
Published: March 2020

Significance
Chemotaxis to microbial metabolites in the GI tract plays a key role in regulating bacterial colonization and pathogenesis. Chemotaxis to indole, one of the prominent GI-tract metabolites, remains poorly understood. In this work, we describe how two major chemoreceptors, Tar and Tsr, mediate opposite responses to indole. The difference in the kinetics of these responses causes an inversion from a repellent to an attractant response over time. Cells migrated toward regions of high indole concentration only if they had previously adapted to indole. Otherwise, they were repelled. Thus, indole has the potential to segregate cells based on their state of adaptation. This bipartite response to indole may shape the development of microbial communities in the GI tract.