bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genome‐wide association study of genetic variants related to anthracycline‐induced cardiotoxicity in early breast cancer
Authors: Park Boram , Sim Sung Hoon , Lee Keun Seok , Kim Hak Jin , Park In Hae 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWe performed a genome‐wide association study to investigate the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms and anthracycline‐induced cardiotoxicity (ACT) in patients diagnosed with early breast cancer. From January 2000 to December 2015, 8490 patients underwent breast surgery at the National Cancer Center in Korea. Patients who received doxorubicin (cumulative dose 240 mg/m2‐300 mg/m2) with or without trastuzumab as a neoadjuvant/adjuvant therapy were included in our cohort. Sixty‐seven patients in our cohort were diagnosed with ACT. Clinical data, including age, body weight, height, cancer stage, trastuzumab treatment, comorbidities, and concomitant medications, were collected retrospectively. Patients were classified as having either persistent or transient ACT based on their clinical course. In total, 346 946 single nucleotide polymorphisms in 42 cases and 215 controls were tested in this study. Body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m2 [odds ratio (OR) = 2.45, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.23‐4.88, P = .011] and trastuzumab use (OR = 2.40, 95% CI, 1.11‐5.17, P = .026) were identified as significant risk factors. We found 7 genetic variants for ACT including rs17530621 (SHISA3, P = 3.10E−06), rs11894115 (MPP4, P = 4.71E−06), rs58328254 (RPL7, P = 6.09E−06), and rs117299725 (PRUNE2, P = 8.53E−06), although none of these variants reached the Bonferroni‐corrected significance level when adjusted for BMI and trastuzumab use ( = α1.44E−07 based on 0.05/346 946). rs117299725 was a common variant when only the persistent ACT group was analyzed separately. It is meaningful that our study analyzed comprehensively the influence of genetic variation on ACT, along with some clinical factors in Asian breast cancer patients who received anthracycline with or without trastuzumab. Further research will be needed on candidate genetic variants found in this study.
Long noncoding RNA ANRIL promotes the malignant progression of cholangiocarcinoma by epigenetically repressing ERRFI1 expression
Authors: Yu Yang , Chen Qiaoyu , Zhang Xunlei , Yang Jian , Lin Kaibo , Ji Congfei , Xu Aibing , Yang Lei , Miao Lin 
Published: May 2020

AbstractLong noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have recently been verified to have significant regulatory functions in many types of human cancers. The lncRNA ANRIL is transcribed from the INK4b‐ARF‐INK4a gene cluster in the opposite direction. Whether ANRIL can act as an oncogenic molecule in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) remains unknown. Our data show that ANRIL knockdown greatly inhibited CCA cell proliferation and migration in vitro and in vivo. According to the results of RNA sequencing analysis, ANRIL knockdown dramatically altered target genes associated with the cell cycle, cell proliferation, and apoptosis. By binding to a component of the epigenetic modification complex enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), ANRIL could maintain lysine residue 27 of histone 3 (H3K27me3) levels in the promoter of ERBB receptor feedback inhibitor 1 (ERRFI1), which is a tumor suppressor gene in CCA. In this way, ERRFI1 expression was suppressed in CCA cells. These data verified the key role of the epigenetic regulation of ANRIL in CCA oncogenesis and indicate its potential as a target for CCA intervention.
Indigenous guardians as an emerging approach to indigenous environmental governance
Authors: Reed Graeme , Brunet Nicolas D. , Longboat Sheri , Natcher David C. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractOver the past 3 decades, indigenous guardian programs (also known as indigenous rangers or watchmen) have emerged as an institution for indigenous governments to engage in collaborative environmental governance. Using a systematic review of peer‐reviewed literature for research conducted in Australia, Canada, Aotearoa‐New Zealand, and the United States, we sought to characterize the emergence of indigenous guardians in the literature and explore whether guardian approaches are representative of Indigenous approaches to environmental governance. Using a multistep relevance‐screening method, we reviewed 83 articles published since 1995, that report on, critique, or comment on Indigenous guardians. Our findings indicated that most articles on the topic were published in the last decade (88%), focused on Australia (65%), and were in a social science discipline (53%). The lead author of the majority of articles was an academic, although only half of the articles included an indigenous scholar or member of an indigenous group or organization as a coauthor. Finally, 11 articles were on research of guardian programs that were locally led and only 5 exemplified indigenous governance, based on 2 well‐known community‐based monitoring typologies. Our findings indicate that more research is required to understand the implications of current guardian programs for indigenous self‐determination, particularly when such programs are embedded in a broader western environmental governance structure.
A novel coumarin‐based fluorescent probe for selective detection of cysteine over homocysteine
Authors: Chu Yunfei , Cen Yijiao , Song Yanxi , Xu Zhenxiang , Hu Luping , Li Hongqi , Yang Changling 
Published: May 2020

AbstractA coumarin‐based fluorescent probe containing both acrylate moiety and an allyl substituent was developed for distinguishing cysteine from homocysteine. The maximum absorption wavelength of the probe showed a bathochromic shift upon addition of cysteine and the colour changed from colourless to yellow. The maximum fluorescence emission at 462 nm of the probe was dramatically enhanced upon addition of cysteine in aqueous solution. In HEPES buffer (pH = 7.4, EtOH/H2O = 9:1, v/v), both of the fluorescence emission bands of the probe at ca. 390 and 462 nm were intensely enhanced upon the addition of cysteine, while other amino acids, namely, homocysteine, asparaginic acid, methionine, glycine, phenylalaninase, valine, tryptophan, serine, glutamic acid and glutathione, did not cause a remarkable change. The probe can be used for selectively colorimetric and ratiometric fluorescent detection of cysteine over homocysteine and other common amino acids in both organic media and aqueous solution. The concentration of cysteine can be estimated by titration of the probe in aqueous solution, and the detection limit of the probe towards cysteine was 2 μmol/L.
Using Deliberate Practice to Transform Learning Culture: Helping Students Put Real Skills in their OSCM Toolbox
Authors: Fawcett Stanley E. , Giraud‐Carrier Francois Charles , Fawcett Amydee M. 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACTStudents select majors like supply chain management largely because they want to obtain a high‐paying job at graduation. They expect that after 4 or 5 years of studies, they will be ready to achieve early‐career success. Data, however, reveal that students often are not prepared. Recruiters are noticing. In various studies, employers say that a large majority of graduates are not workplace ready. We argue that this readiness gap results from a mismatch between academia's focus on knowledge transfer and employers’ expectations that new hires possess real competencies.To remedy this readiness gap, we redesigned our curriculum to adopt a deliberate practice pedagogy. What have we learned? Deliberate practice is hard work. Both faculty and students must learn and practice new behaviors. The good news: deliberate practice helps students acquire real expertise that recruiters value. This article makes the case for deliberate practice and outlines a proven path to transformation.
A review of non‐equilibrium water flow and solute transport in soil macropores: principles, controlling factors and consequences for water quality
Authors: Jarvis N. J. 
Published: May 2020

SummaryThis review discusses the causes and consequences of ‘non‐equilibrium’ water flow and solute transport in large structural pores or macropores (root and earthworm channels, fissures and interaggregate voids). The experimental evidence suggests that pores larger thanc. 0.3 mm in equivalent cylindrical diameter allow rapid non‐equilibrium flow. Apart from their large size and continuity, this is also due to the presence of impermeable linings and coatings that restrict lateral mass exchange. Macropores also represent microsites in soil that are more biologically active, and often more chemically reactive than the bulk soil. However, sorption retardation during transport through such pores is weaker than in the bulk soil, due to their small surface areas and significant kinetic effects, especially in larger macropores. The potential for non‐equilibrium water flow and solute transport at any site depends on the nature of the macropore network, which is determined by the factors of structure formation and degradation, including the abundance and activity of soil biota such as earthworms, soil properties (e.g. clay content), site factors (e.g. slope position, drying intensity, vegetation) and management (e.g. cropping, tillage, traffic). A conceptual model is proposed that summarizes these effects of site factors on the inherent potential for non‐equilibrium water flow and solute transport in macropores. Initial and boundary conditions determine the extent to which this potential is realized. High rain intensities clearly increase the strength of non‐equilibrium flow in macropores, but the effects of initial water content seem complex, due to the confounding effects of soil shrinkage and water repellency. The impacts of macropore flow on water quality are most significant for relatively immobile solutes that are foreign to the soil and whose effects on ecosystem and human health are pronounced even at small leached fractions (e.g. pesticides). The review concludes with a discussion of topics where process understanding is still lacking, and also suggests some potential applications of the considerable knowledge that has accumulated in recent decades.
Seizure detection using heart rate variability: A prospective validation study
Authors: Jeppesen Jesper , Fuglsang‐Frederiksen Anders , Johansen Peter , Christensen Jakob , Wüstenhagen Stephan , Tankisi Hatice , Qerama Erisela , Beniczky Sándor 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAlthough several validated seizure detection algorithms are available for convulsive seizures, detection of nonconvulsive seizures remains challenging. In this phase 2 study, we have validated a predefined seizure detection algorithm based on heart rate variability (HRV) using patient‐specific cutoff values. The validation data set was independent from the previously published data set. Electrocardiography (ECG) was recorded using a wearable device (ePatch) in prospectively recruited patients. The diagnostic gold standard was inferred from video–EEG monitoring. Because HRV‐based seizure detection is suitable only for patients with marked ictal autonomic changes, we defined responders as the patients who had a>50 beats/min ictal change in heart rate. Eleven of the 19 included patients with seizures (57.9%) fulfilled this criterion. In this group, the algorithm detected 20 of the 23 seizures (sensitivity: 87.0%). The algorithm detected all but one of the 10 recorded convulsive seizures and all of the 8 focal impaired awareness seizures, and it missed 2 of the 4 focal aware seizures. The median sensitivity per patient was 100% (in nine patients all seizures were detected). The false alarm rate was 0.9/24 h (0.22/night). Our results suggest that HRV‐based seizure detection has high performance in patients with marked autonomic changes.
Equine developmental dental disorders
Authors: Dixon P. M. 
Published: May 2020

SummaryThe true prevalence of developmental dental disorders in horses is unknown, but from a clinical perspective, dental dysplasia of varying degrees of severity appears to be far more common than developmental abnormalities of tooth numbers. The latter includes the presence of increased numbers of teeth (supernumerary teeth), which in turn appears more prevalent than reduced numbers of teeth (hypodontia or anodontia). This clinical commentary briefly reviews all three types of developmental dental disorders from a clinical viewpoint.
Reference value on daily living walking parameters among Japanese adults
Authors: Obuchi Shuichi P , Kawai Hisashi , Murakawa Kenji 
Published: May 2020

AimWalking speed is closely related to numerous health outcomes. It has typically been measured in laboratory settings, where individuals can intentionally change their walking speed. It can be accurately measured in daily life using a smartphone global positioning system. We aimed to present a reference value on walking speed in daily life by sex and age.MethodsThe data were obtained using a walking monitoring service involving global positioning system technology. A secondary data analysis was carried out. Four daily living walking parameters – daily living walking speed, daily living walking cycle, daily living step length and daily living cadence – of 8429 Japanese persons were measured in their daily life using a smartphone application.ResultsThe means (standard deviations) of daily living walking speed, daily living walking cycle, daily living step length and daily living cadence were 1.30 m/s (0.10 m/s), 1.02 s (0.06 s), 65.55 cm (5.38 cm) and 118.86 steps/min (6.76 steps/min), respectively. Notably, daily living walking speed in those aged >65 years was significantly slower than in those aged <65 years.ConclusionsThe present reference values and age differences of daily living walking parameters can be used to compare daily living walking speed data measured by other devices, such as accelerometers. This could allow for a consensus on the definition of daily walking speed that can be utilized for assessing health outcomes among older individuals. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2020; 20: 664–669.
Novel design of microsphere adsorbent for efficient heavy metals adsorption
Authors: Wang Lu , Liu Jingjing , Rong Yedong , Yan Shu , Yu Man , Li Xinglin , Wang Zhaoqing , Zhang Tianhe , Yang Jinlong 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe fabrication of high‐efficiency and low‐cost adsorbent for the wastewater treatment is a challenging task. In this study, a hollow sphere adsorbent was synthesized from solid waste coal gangue through a facile spray drying method and subsequent calcination. The structure of the synthesized coal gangue microsphere (CM) have been characterized by multimethods including X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared, and others. The factors influencing the adsorption for Cu2+ and Pb2+ by CM were also investigated systemically; pH between 6 and 8 was found to be optimal for Cu2+ and Pb2+ adsorption. The isotherm and kinetic analysis reveal that the adsorption process could be well represented by Langmuir and pseudo–second‐order model with a higher R2 and low χ2 value. According to Langmuir model, the maximum adsorption capacity was calculated to be 6.570 and 18.904 mg/g for Cu2+ and Pb2+ at 25°C, respectively. The adsorption mechanism was proposed to contain not only the surface reaction process, but also the diffusion process. Consequently, the economic and environmental benefits make CM a promising adsorbent in wastewater treatment.
Poverty and the Peril of Particulars
Authors: Thomson Jordan Arthur 
Published: May 2020

AbstractMoral extremists argue for a demanding duty of poverty relief by leveraging powerful intuitions about our duties to rescue those close at hand. I clear the way for a less demanding duty by arguing that this argumentative strategy commits the extremist to a conception of our duty in the face of global poverty that is deeply at odds with our convictions about how we may discharge that duty. These convictions reveal that global poverty and easy rescue cases give rise to duties of different kinds: whereas duties of rescue are ultimately explicable by appeal to moral claims to assistance, duties of poverty relief are not. The extremist’s most compelling argumentative strategy is therefore not viable—he may not straightforwardly appeal to facts about the demandingness of duties of rescue in arguing for demanding duties of poverty relief.
Stakeholder Mobilization in Financial Regulation: A Comparison of EU Regulatory Politics over Time*
Authors: Redert Bastiaan 
Published: May 2020

AbstractCurrent scholarship is inconclusive whether stakeholder involvement in regulatory politics can be legitimizing. This article argues that stakeholder involvement can only be legitimizing if bias in mobilization is limited. As bias is limited if a heterogeneous set of stakeholders participates, stakeholder mobilization in public consultations on EU financial regulation is examined. Due to the financial crisis and subsequent institutional reforms, stakeholders' perception on who is affected by regulation and the reach of the agencies' operations has changed. Subsequently, mobilization is expected to be more heterogenous. The analysis is based on a novel dataset of stakeholder responses to public consultations of the European Supervisory Authorities before and after the financial crisis and reforms. The results show shifts in interest mobilization, but these do not follow the research expectations. Therefore, the findings show that public consultations do not necessarily decrease bias. As such, consultations show important limits for legitimizing EU regulatory policies.
Smoking cessation counselling practices among health care providers dealing with cancer patients
Authors: Abu‐Baker Nesrin N. , Al‐Jarrah Ahmad A. , Obeidat Rana F. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAimTo asses smoking cessation counselling practices (SCC) among health care providers dealing with cancer patients.MethodA cross‐sectional design was used with a sample of 300 providers from three hospitals in Jordan. A self‐report questionnaire was distributed.ResultsDuring the initial visit, the most frequent practices were asking patients if they smoke and advise smokers to quit (50%, 45% respectively). Only 13% of providers reported treating or referring patients for smoking use cessation intervention. During the follow‐up visits, the most frequent practice was reinforcing the stopping of tobacco use 39%. Overall, physicians had the highest scores of adherence to applying SCC practices. Besides, over 85% of participants believe that tobacco cessation should be a standard part of cancer interventions and clinicians need more training. Over 80% agreed that barriers of implementing SCC practices include lack of training and resources. Finally, receiving SCC training, more years since completion of the most senior degree, and more time spent with cancer patients predicted a higher score of total SCC practices (P < .05).ConclusionIt is essential to provide training, referral facilities, and supportive policies to encourage SCC practices.
The association between challenging behaviour and symptoms of post‐traumatic stress disorder in people with intellectual disabilities: a Bayesian mediation analysis approach
Authors: Rittmannsberger D. , Yanagida T. , Weber G. , Lueger‐Schuster B. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundA preponderance of behavioural symptoms is assumed to be the main difference in the manifestation of symptoms of post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in people with intellectual disability (ID). However, no study so far has assessed the relationship between challenging behaviour (CB) and PTSD. The present study aims to explore this relationship by exploring whether CB is directly related to trauma exposure or whether this relationship is mediated through core symptoms of PTSD.MethodsTrauma exposure and current symptoms of PTSD were assessed in 43 adults with mild to moderate ID. Parallel versions were administered to 43 caregivers, including the Aberrant Behaviour Checklist to measure CB. Bayesian mediation analyses were conducted using self‐rated and informant‐rated data.ResultsThe self‐report data showed no associations of CB with trauma exposure or PTSD symptoms. The association between informant‐rated trauma exposure and irritability was mediated by severity and frequency of PTSD symptoms. The associations between informant‐reported trauma exposure and the Aberrant Behaviour Checklist subscales hyperactivity and inappropriate speech were mediated by PTSD symptom severity.ConclusionsThe relationship between trauma exposure and CB was mediated by PTSD symptoms. PTSD core symptoms should be considered as underlying causes of CB, highlighting the necessity to explore trauma biography and symptoms of PTSD. The improvement of self‐report assessment in people with ID is an important task for future studies.
Hercynian subduction‐related processes within the metamorphic continental crust in Calabria (southern Italy)
Authors: Tursi Fabrizio , Spiess Richard , Festa Vincenzo , Fregola Rosa Anna 
Published: May 2020

AbstractLinking the deformation history of mylonitized continental rocks to the progress of devolatilization reactions that trigger reaction softening is critical for the understanding of crustal scale processes. We have analysed the field geometries and microstructures of deformed rocks within the southern Hercynian belt in Calabria, as well as modelled the pressure–temperature–deformation (P–T–d) trajectory of a main ductile shear zone that tectonically coupled the deeper crustal Mammola Paragneiss Unit with the upper crustal Stilo–Pazzano Phyllite Unit.P–Tmodelling of the mylonitic Mammola Paragneiss Unit was performed through calculation of phase equilibrium diagrams with the softwarethermocalcin the MnNCKFMASHTO model system. The progradeP–T–dtrajectory is based on the zoning profiles of garnet porphyroblasts and their mineral inclusions, primarily barroisite and epidote.P–Tmodelling shows that peak metamorphic conditions of ~0.9 GPa and 585°C were reached during a Dn‐1under‐thrusting event. The following exhumation during the Dnmylonitic event, and contact metamorphism during Dn+1and Dn+2folding events, have also been modelled because they are essential to restore the previous tectono‐metamorphic history. The exhumation trajectory was modelled down to 0.3 GPa with temperatures of 440–460°C, under fluid‐deficient conditions, as well as the final late Carboniferous contact metamorphism up toTmaxof 680–720°C. The prograde path shows clear evidence for thermal buffering during garnet growth at the expense of chlorite, with a heating‐dominated stage after chlorite breakdown. Subsequently, a rheological change associated with epidote breakdown (i.e. reaction softening) occurred, highlighted by a net steepening of theP/Ttrajectory towards the pressure peak. On the basis of the barroisite inclusions within garnet porphyroblasts as well as the ‘hairpin’ shape of the reconstructedP–T–dpath (before contact metamorphism), we infer that the unusual lowT/Pgradient for the Hercynian crust exposed in the Mammola Paragneiss Unit records its involvement in the Palaeotethys–Gondwana subduction beneath Laurussia during Dn‐1under‐thrusting. We present a new palaeotectonic interpretation along the southern Hercynian belt in Calabria during the Upper Mississippian–Lower Pennsylvanian, that is consistent with previous geochronology studies.