bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RNA-seq screening of the CPGs in Culex pipiens pallens among cypermethrin-resistant populations
Authors: Shi Qiqi , Cheng Peng , Zhang Chongxing , Liu Lijuan , Song Xiao , Guo Xiuxia , Wang Haifang , Wang Yang , Liu Hongmei , Wang Huaiwei , Gong Maoqing 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background Long-lasting overdependence on insecticides has led to the rapid spread of pyrethroid resistance in mosquito vectors, which is of great concern to the general public. There are many studies on metabolic resistance and target resistance, but fewer studies have been conducted on cuticle resistance and behaviour resistance. The cuticle of mosquitoes has been hypothesized to play a role in insecticide resistance by reducing penetration or sequestering insecticides. Methods We used RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to analyse the transcriptome of cypermethrin-resistant and cypermethrin-susceptible strains of Culex pipiens pallens . Sequenced 6 samples using an Illumina HiSeq platform, and generated approximately 6.66 Gb bases from each sample on average. Mapping the sequenced reads to a reference genome and reconstructing the transcripts, through gene expression analysis, we detected differentially expressed genes (DEGs) among the samples. Followed Gene Ontology (GO) classification and functional enrichment. Finally, we screened the genes of cuticle proteins associated with drug resistance throughout the genome, selected the significant DEGs with a log2 fold change>3.0 and Padj<0.05, and applied real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR to verify the DEGs. Results We obtained 13,517 novel transcripts, of which 8,653 were previously unknown splicing events for known genes, 665 were novel coding transcripts without any known features, and 4,199 were long noncoding RNA. A total of 1035, 944, and 657 genes were upregulated in comparisons between samples, and 2680, 1215, and 975 genes were downregulated in comparisons between samples. Finally, among all samples, 167 genes upregulated, and 145 genes downregulated. The GO classification and functional enrichment of DEGs as follows: molecular function, 224 genes; cellular component, 149 genes; and biological process, 272 genes. The expression of XM_001863852 and XM_001845881 in resistant strains of Culex pipiens pallens was lower than that in the laboratory sensitive strain, with fold changes in expression of 0.177 and 0.548, respectively; the expression of the XM_001845883.1 in the resistant strain was higher than that in the susceptible strain, and a 2.281-fold change in expression. Conclusions The results provide a reference for resistance mechanisms through the mosquito cuticle, furthermore, could provide a new perspective for disease vector control.
Psychiatric, Cognitive Functioning and the Socio-cultural View of Menstrual Psychosis in Oman
Authors: Al-Sibani Nasser , Al-Maqbali Mandhar , Mahadevan Sangeetha , Al-Huseni Salim , Al-Muzeni Muna , Al-Adawi Samir 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Most documented cases of menstrual psychosis have been from Euro-American populations with reports from cross-cultural populations being only few in number. Objective: To determine whether the cyclical/episodic nature of menstrual psychosis among case series observed at a tertiary care unit in Oman fulfills the diagnosis criteria of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) and diverge into Brockington’s sub-types (World Psychiatry. 2005;4(1):9-17.). Related aims were to solicit measures of psychometric functioning of those with menstrual psychosis and narrated idioms of distress. Results: The spectrum of distress menstrual psychosis covers does fit into existing psychiatric nosology. Evaluations revealed that a majority of the participants displayed something akin to morbid phenomenon related manic and psychotic symptoms or, in parlance of Omani society, spirit possession. In terms of classification by timing within the menstrual cycle as expounded by Brockington, the present case series in Oman fulfilled the definition of catamenial psychosis and paramenstrual psychosis. With regard to psychometric function, all participants performed adequately on indices of intellectual functioning but appeared to have impairments in neuropsychological functioning, including dimensions of processing speed, episodic memory, and executive functioning. Within the given society, the periodicity of mind alteration has been attributed to spirit possession. Conclusions: This is one of the first case series of its kind in the country elucidating whether the manifestation of menstrual psychosis among individuals in Oman fulfills the subtypes postulated by Brockington. The present case series suggests that menstrual psychosis is marked with neuropsychological impairments that were previously observed in other phasic manic episodes or brief psychotic disorders.
Genetic heterogeneity of pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus with lymphoproliferation
Authors: Li Guo-min , Li Yi-fan , Liu Hai-mei , Shi Yu , Guan Wan-zhen , Zhang Tao , Wen Yao , Wu Bing-bing , Xu Hong , Sun Li 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Purpose: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a rare autoimmune disease, which is more severe in case of pediatric onset. This may be due to greater involvement of genetic factors compared with adult forms. In recent years, multiple monogenic diseases with early-onset autoimmunity and lymphoproliferation have been identified, such as Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS), RAS-associated autoimmune leukoproliferative disease (RALD), Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) Gain-of-Function (GOF) syndrome and Interleukin-2 receptor α (IL2RA) deficiency. Therefore, we performed whole exome sequencing in SLE children with lymphoproliferation to identify genes associated with these conditions. Methods: We enrolled seven SLE patients with lymphoproliferation, which are from different families. Demographic data, clinical manifestations, laboratory and histopathological findings, treatment, and outcome were documented. WES was performed in seven cases and their families. Suspected variants were confirmed by Sanger sequencing. Protein levels were detected in patients with gene mutations by Western blot. Results: Four patients were male, and three were female. No consanguinity was reported within the seven families. The average age at onset was 5.0 years (range from 1.2 to 10.0 years). The most common features were renal (7/7 patients), hematological (6/7 patients) involvement, and recurrent fever (6/7patients) while only two patients presented with skin involvement. Antinuclear antibodies ( ANA) at a titer of ≥1:320 was positive in all patients. All patients fulfilled four 2019 European League Against Rheumatism/American College of Rheumatology (EULAR/ACR) criteria for the classification of SLE. We identified a somatic activating NRAS variant (c.38 A>G, p.G13C) in peripheral venous blood from four patients, at levels ranging from 8.8% to 42.8% in variant tissues, that was absent from their parents. BCL-2-Interacting Mediator of Cell Death (BIM) levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from four patients were markedly reduced, whereas those in control was normal. Another two mutations, c.559C>T (p.Q187X) in the TNFAIP3 gene and c.3061G>A (p.E1021K) in PIK3CD gene, were detected in two patients, respectively. Conclusion: SLE is a novel phenotype of germline mutation in PI3CKD gene and somatic mutation in NRAS gene. These genes, NRAS , TNFAIP3 and PIK3CD , should be considered as candidates for SLE children with lymphoproliferation. If patients with SLE and lymphoproliferation presented with renal and hematological involvement, and recurrent fever, they need gene testing, especially in male patient.
Offspring sex affects the susceptibility to maternal smoking-induced lung inflammation and the effect of maternal antioxidant supplementation in mice
Authors: Wang Baoming , Chan Yik Lung , Zhou Shengyu , Saad Sonia , Chen Hui , Oliver Brian G 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Cigarette smoke exposure ( SE ) during pregnancy is the largest modifiable risk factor for the development of lung disorders in offspring. We have previously shown that maternal L-Carnitine treatment can reduce the adverse impacts of maternal SE on renal and brain disorders in offspring. Here, we investigated the effect of maternal L-Carnitine supplementation on lung inflammatory pathways, autophagy, and mitophagy markers in the offspring in response to maternal SE. Female Balb/c mice (8 weeks) were exposed to cigarette smoke for 6 weeks prior to mating, during gestation and lactation. Half of the SE mothers were given L-Carnitine supplementation (1.5mM in drinking water, SE+LC) during gestation and lactation. Lungs from the offspring were studied at birth and adulthood (13 weeks) in both genders. Results: At birth, in male offspring, there were increased lev inflammatory markers (phosphorylated(p)-ERK1,2, p-P38 MAPK, p-NF-kB), and inflammasome marker (NLRP3), as well as mitophagy fission marker Drp-1 and autophagosome marker (LC3A/B-II) in the lung. Maternal L-Carnitine supplementation significantly reduced NLRP3 level. In contrast, maternal SE only increased IL1-β in female offspring, which was reversed by maternal L-Carnitine supplementation. At 13 weeks, there was an increase in LC3A/B-II and p-NF-kB in the male SE offspring with reduced p-JNK1,2, which were partially normalised by maternal L-Carnitine treatment. Female offspring were not affected by maternal SE at this age. Conclusion: Maternal SE had adverse impacts on the male offspring’s lung, which were partially alleviated by maternal L-Carnitine supplementation. Females seem to be protected from the adverse effects of maternal SE.
Aggravated brain injury after neonatal hypoxic ischemia in microglia depleted male mice
Authors: Tsuji Shunichiro , Martino Elena Di , Mukai Takeo , Tsuji Shoko , Murakami Takashi , Harris Robert , Blomgren Klas , Aden Ulrika 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Neuroinflammation plays important roles in neonatal hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). Microglia are largely responsible for the injury-induced inflammatory response, but they also play beneficial roles in both normal and disease states. Nevertheless, the effects of microglial depletion in neonatal HIE remain unclear. Methods: Tamoxifen was administered to Cx3cr1 CreER/+ Rosa26 DTA/+ (microglia-depleted model) and Cx3cr1 CreER/+ Rosa26 DTA/- (control) mice at P8 and P9 in order to assess the effect of microglial depletion. The density of microglia was quantified using Iba-1 staining and the proportion of resident microglia after the hypoxic–ischemic (HI) insult was also analyzed using flow cytometric analysis. The HI insult employed the Rice-Vannucci procedure at P10. Infarct size and apoptotic cells were analyzed at P13. Cytokine analysis was performed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) at P13. Results: Tamoxifen administration induced over 99% microglial depletion at P10 in DTA + mice. Microglial depletion over 97% persisted at P13 following the HI insult. Male DTA + mice exhibited significantly larger infarct volumes than did male DTA - mice, but there was no significant difference in females. The density of TUNEL + cells in DTA + mice was significantly higher than that in DTA - mice in the caudoputamen, cerebral cortex, and thalamus in males. Females showed significantly greater numbers of TUNEL + cells in the hippocampus and thalamus in DTA + mice compared to DTA - mice. ELISA revealed that IL-10 and TGF-β levels were significantly lower in both male and female DTA + mice compared to DTA - mice, both under normal conditions and, more pronounced, after HI. Conclusion: We established a model of microglial depletion that aggravated neuronal damage and apoptosis after the HI insult, an effect most predominant in males.
Insights on the process of reciprocal gene loss in the duplicate DPL genes of rice
Authors: Xu Xun , Ge Song , Zhang Fu-min 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Reciprocal gene loss (RGL) of duplicate genes is an important genetic resource of reproductive isolation, which is essential for speciation. In the past decades, various RGL patterns have been revealed, but RGL process is still poorly understood. The RGL of the duplicate DOPPELGANGER1 (DPL1) and DOPPELGANGER2 (DPL2) gene can lead to BDM-type hybrid incompatibility between two rice subspecies. The evolutionary history of the duplicate genes, including their origin and mechanism of duplication as well as their evolutionary divergence after the duplication, remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the evolutionary history of the duplicate genes for gaining insights into the process of RGL.Results: We reconstructed phylogenetic relationships of DPL copies from all 15 diploid species representing six genome types of rice genus and then found that all the DPL copies from the latest diverged A- and B-genome gather into one monophyletic clade. Southern blot analysis also detected definitely two DPL copies only in A- and B-genome. High conserved collinearity can be observed between A- and B-genomic segments containing DPL1 and DPL2 respectively but not between DPL1 and DPL2 segments. Investigations of transposon elements indicated that DPL duplication is related to DNA transposons. Likelihood-based analyses with branch models showed a relaxation of selective constraint in DPL1 lineage but an enhancement in DPL2 lineage after DPL duplication. Sequence analysis also indicated that quite a few defective DPL1 can be found in 6 wild and cultivated species out of all 8 species of A-genome but only one defective DPL2 occurs in a cultivated rice subspecies. Conclusions: DPL duplication of rice originated in the recent common ancestor of A- and B-genome about 6.76 million years ago and the duplication was possibly caused by DNA transposons. The DPL1 is a redundant copy and has being in the process of pseudogenization, suggesting that artificial selection may play an important role in forming the RGL of DPLs between two rice subspecies during the domestication.
Synthesis and biological evaluation of 4-substituted aryl-piperazine derivatives of 1,7,8,9-tetrachloro-10,10-dimethoxy-4-azatricyclo [5.2.1.02,6] dec-8-ene-3,5-dione as anti-cancer and anti-angiogenesis agents
Authors: Guo Lifang , Xu Benshan , Wan Zirui , Ren Lulu , Zhang Jie , Zhang Wen , Liu He , Liu Lihong 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Documentation of Individualized Preoperative Risk Assessment: A Multi-Center Study
Authors: Bloomstone Joshua Aaron , Houseman Benjamin T , Sande Evora Vicents , Brantley Ann , Curran Jessica , Haddad Tania , Maccioli Gerald A , Steinshouer James , Walker David , Moonesingha Ramani 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background Individual surgical risk prediction tools that inform shared-decision making, strengthen the consent process and support clinical management are considered important tools to enhance patient experience and outcomes. Neither the use of individual pre-surgical risk assessment (ISRA) tools nor the rate of documented individual risk is known. The primary endpoint of this study was the rate of physician documented ISRAs within the records of patients with poor outcomes. Secondary endpoints included the effects of age, sex, race, ASA class, and time and type of surgery on the rate of documented presurgical risk.Methods The records of non-obstetric surgical patients within 22 hospitals in Arizona, Colorado, Nebraska, Nevada, and Wyoming, between January 1 and December 31, 2017 were evaluated. Logistic regression was used to analyze both individual and group effects associated with ISRA documentation.Results 756 of 140,756 inpatient charts met inclusion criteria [0.54%, 95% CI 0.50% to 0.58%]. ISRAs were documented by 16.08% of surgeons [p<0.0001; R-squared=68.23%] and 4.50% of anesthesiologists [p< 0.0001, R-squared 15.38%]. Cardiac surgeons documented ISRAs more frequently than non-cardiac surgeons (25.87% vs 16.15%) [p=0.0086, R-squared=0.970%]. Elective surgical patients were more likely than emergency surgical patients (19.57 vs 12.03%) to have risk documented [p=0.0226, R-squared=0.730%]. Patients over the age of 65 were more likely than patients under the age of 65 to have ISRA documentation (20.31 vs 14.61%) [p=0.0429, R-squared=0.580%].Conclusions The observed rate of documented individual surgical risk assessment in our sample was low. Surgeons were more likely than anesthesiologists to document individual presurgical risk. In-line with the Salzburg Statement on Shared-Decision Making, information regarding surgical risk represents the bedrock of presurgical decision making and informed consent. The rate and quality of risk documentation must be improved.
Análise do comportamento de estruturas de concreto com fibra de polipropileno sob flexão
Authors: Alves Silva Viviane , Ferreira da Costa Júnior Reinaldo , Da Silva Lima Vianna Ana Carolina , Bartko Nirvana , Silveira Rodrigues Júnior Adauri , Da Costa Gomes Gustavo José 
Published: December 2019

O concreto possui uma série de qualidades, tais como excelência à resistência à água (comparado com outros materiais estruturais), facilidade na execução, devido ao seu estado fluido, permitindo variabilidade de formas e tamanhos, disponibilidade e baixo custo dos ingredientes e o baixo consumo de energia para sua produção, o que lhe garante um local de destaque sendo o material estrutural mais empregado no mundo. Entretanto, o concreto ainda apresenta certas limitações, como por exemplo, o comportamento frágil nas estruturas e uma capacidade minimizada de deformação, em regime plástico. O concreto apresenta ainda uma baixa resistência à tração quando igualado a sua resistência a compressão. Concordante à sua susceptibilidade a solicitações de flexão, aparecem no concreto fissuras e as microfissuras na região tracionada. Umas das soluções técnicas possíveis para minimizar essas limitações é o uso de fibra como reforço no concreto, que lhe garante comportamento dúctil frente aos esforços solicitante. O presente estudo tem por objetivo analisar os resultados obtidos através do ensaio de flexão de três pontos de corpos de prova prismáticos elaborados com concreto simples e outros com concreto incorporado com fibra de polipropileno. Para realizar a análise foram utilizados traços de 40 MPa e 20 MPa de fck. Concluiu-se que a adição de fibra de polipropileno em uma matriz cimentícia, mesmo com um corpo de prova com um fck inferior, diminui a fragilidade que o corpo tem após o tempo de cura. Assim, mostra que tão importante quanto o fator de compressão do concreto, é o seu comportamento à ductilidade, o que lhe confere maior resistência à tração, uma vez que os elementos estruturais sempre estão submetidos a ações combinadas de esforços.
Recent Advances of Plasmonic Gold Nanoparticles in Optical Sensing and Therapy
Authors: Zhou He , Yang Hongwei , Wang Guangke , Gao Aijun , Yuan Zhiqin 
Published: December 2019

:
Gold nanoparticles with special surface plasmon resonance have been widely used in sensing and
therapy because of their easy preparation, unique optical properties, excellent biocompatibility, etc. The applications
of gold nanoparticles in chemo/biosensing, imaging, and therapy reported in 2016-2019, are summarized in
this review. Regarding the gold nanoparticle-based sensing or imaging, sensing mechanisms and strategies are
provided to illustrate the concepts for designing sensitive and selective detection platforms. Gold nanoparticlemediated
therapy is introduced by surface plasmon resonance-based therapy and delivery-based therapy. Beyond
the sole therapeutic system, platforms through synergistic therapy are also discussed. In the end, discussion of the
challenges and future trends of gold nanoparticle-based sensing and therapy systems is described.
Proteomic Analysis of Differentially Expressed Proteins in Mycobacterium Tuberculosis-Infected Macrophages
Authors: Tian Shuang , Yang Dongjun , Long Qian , Ling Min 
Published: December 2019

Background:
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) and Mycobacterium avium (MA) are intracellular
parasitic bacteria. The biological characteristics of MA and MTB are very similar and need
to be identified.

Objective:
The study aims to better understand how MTB survives in macrophages and the different
pathogenic mechanisms of MTB and MA.

Methods:
The Tandem Mass Tag (TMT) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LCMS/
MS) were used for analysis of the differentially expressed proteins in MTB-infected macrophages
and MA-infected macrophages.

Results:
A total of 682 proteins were found to be differentially expressed in MTB-infected cells in
comparison with MA-infected cells. Among these, 10 proteins (O60812, P06576, O43660-2, E9PL10,
O00442, M0R050, Q9H8H0, Q9BSJ8, P41240 and Q8TD57-3) were down-regulated in MTB-infected
cells, and M0R050, O00442, Q9H8H0, O60812 and O43660 are interactive proteins which participate
in a multitude of cellular RNA processing.

Conclusion:
The five down-regulated proteins (M0R050, O00442, Q9H8H0, O60812 and O43660)
might repress the synthesis of some resistant proteins in MTB-infected cells to promote MTB survival
in macrophages.
“...‘Brussel – franskiljonse – olievlek’, geen fabel...”
Authors: Van Hees Pieter 
Published: December 2019

"…'Brussel - franskiljonse - olievlek', geen fabel…"; The speech by Lode Craeybeckx on the occasion of the Golden Spurs-celebrations in Antwerp on Saturday 10 July 1954 and its review in the pressAfter his ‘activist adventure’ during WWI, Lode Craeybeckx (1897-1976) did not continue on the Flemish-nationalist course, but became a socialist member of parliament and mayor (of Antwerp). He nevertheless remained outspoken on the ‘Flemish question’, as for instance during a – what was to become famous – speech in 1954. Pieter van Hees has recovered and hereby publishes the text of that speech and paints a picture of its political context and reception.