bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Holy Apparition or Hyper-Religiosity: Prevalence of Explanatory Models for Religious and Spiritual Experiences in Patients with Bipolar Disorder and Their Associations with Religiousness
Authors: Ouwehand Eva , Braam Arjan W. , Renes Joannes W. , Muthert Hanneke J. K. , Zock Hetty T. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractOne point that emerges from qualitative research on religion and bipolar disorder (BD) is the problem patients with BD experience in distinguishing between genuine religious experiences and hyper-religiosity. However, clinical practice does not obviously address communication about differences in explanatory models for illness experiences. The aim of the current study is first to estimate the frequencies of different types of explanations (medical versus religious) for experiences perceived as religious and related to BD, second to explore how these types relate to diagnosis and religiousness, and third to explore the frequency of expectation of treatment for religiosity. In total, 196 adult patients at a specialist outpatient center for BD in the Netherlands completed a questionnaire consisting of seven types of explanations for religious experiences and several items on religiousness. Of the participants who had had religious experiences (66%), 46% viewed the experiences as ‘part of spiritual development’ and 42% as ‘both spiritual and pathological,’ 31% reported ‘keeping distance from such experiences,’ and 15% viewed them as ‘only pathological.’ Measures of religiousness were positively associated with ‘part of spiritual development’ and negatively associated with ‘keeping distance from the experiences’ and ‘only pathological.’ Half of the sample viewed religiosity as an important topic in treatment. It can be hypothesized that strength of religiousness may help people to integrate destabilizing experiences related to BD into their spiritual development. However, the ambiguity of strong religious involvement in BD necessitates careful exploration of the subject in clinical practice.
Ideal structure and factorization properties of the regular kernel operators
Authors: Blanco A. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWe consider the structure of the lattice of (order and algebra) ideals of the band of regular kernel operators on $$L^p$$

L
p

-spaces. We show, in particular, that for any $$L^p(\mu )$$

L
p

(
μ
)

space, with $$\mu $$
μ
$$\sigma $$
σ
-finite and $$1<p<\infty $$

1
<
p
<
∞

, the norm-closure of the ideal of finite-rank operators on $$L^p(\mu )$$

L
p

(
μ
)

, is the only non-trivial proper closed (order and algebra) ideal of this band. Key to our results in the $$L^p$$

L
p

setting is the fact that every regular kernel operator on an $$L^p(\mu )$$

L
p

(
μ
)

space ($$\mu $$
μ
and p as before) factors with regular factors through $$\ell _p$$

ℓ
p

. We show that a similar but weaker factorization property, where $$\ell _p$$

ℓ
p

is replaced by some reflexive purely atomic Banach lattice, characterizes the regular kernel operators from a reflexive Banach lattice with weak order unit to a KB-space with weak order unit.
The Effect of Advance Care Planning on Heart Failure: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Schichtel Markus , Wee Bee , Perera Rafael , Onakpoya Igho 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Background
Advance care planning is widely advocated to improve outcomes in end-of-life care for patients suffering from heart failure. But until now, there has been no systematic evaluation of the impact of advance care planning (ACP) on clinical outcomes. Our aim was to determine the effect of ACP in heart failure through a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Methods
We searched CINAHL, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Database of Systematic Reviews, Embase, ERIC, Ovid MEDLINE, Science Citation Index and PsycINFO (inception to July 2018). We selected RCTs including adult patients with heart failure treated in a hospital, hospice or community setting. Three reviewers independently screened studies, extracted data, assessed the risk of bias (Cochrane risk of bias tool) and evaluated the quality of evidence (GRADE tool) and analysed interventions according to the Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR). We calculated standardized mean differences (SMD) in random effects models for pooled effects using the generic inverse variance method.

Results
Fourteen RCTs including 2924 participants met all of the inclusion criteria. There was a moderate effect in favour of ACP for quality of life (SMD, 0.38; 95% CI [0.09 to 0.68]), patients’ satisfaction with end-of-life care (SMD, 0.39; 95% CI [0.14 to 0.64]) and the quality of end-of-life communication (SMD, 0.29; 95% CI [0.17 to 0.42]) for patients suffering from heart failure. ACP seemed most effective if it was introduced at significant milestones in a patient’s disease trajectory, included family members, involved follow-up appointments and considered ethnic preferences. Several sensitivity analyses confirmed the statistically significant direction of effect. Heterogeneity was mainly due to different study settings, length of follow-up periods and compositions of ACP.

Conclusions
ACP improved quality of life, patient satisfaction with end-of-life care and the quality of end-of-life communication for patients suffering from heart failure and could be most effective when the right timing, follow-up and involvement of important others was considered.
Memory Training as a Method for Reducing the Misinformation Effect
Authors: Szpitalak Malwina , Woltmann Adrianna , Polczyk Romuald , Kękuś Magdalena 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe two experiments presented in this study investigate the impact of memory training on the misinformation effect. This effect is particularly important in the forensic context as exposing a witness to misinformation may adversely affect the content of their testimony. During the training, the participants were acquainted with seven (Experiment 1) or six (Experiment 2) types of memory errors. It was expected that knowledge of the unreliability of human memory would reduce the misinformation effect and therefore improve the quality of testimony. These hypotheses were confirmed in both experiments. The efficacy of both the complete and reduced training courses was not statistically different. Additionally, in Experiment 1 the effectiveness of warning against misinformation was replicated: respondents warned about misinformation were more resistant to it than those not warned. The tainted truth effect was also present: people warned against non-existent misinformation had lower correctness in the memory test than non-warned ones. Finally, immediate recall of the content of the original information had no impact on the misinformation effect.
Impact of an Artificial Intelligence Research Frame on the Perceived Credibility of Educational Research Evidence
Authors: Cukurova Mutlu , Luckin Rosemary , Kent Carmel 
Published: December 2019

AbstractArtificial Intelligence (AI) is attracting a great deal of attention and it is important to investigate the public perceptions of AI and their impact on the perceived credibility of research evidence. In the literature, there is evidence that people overweight research evidence when framed in neuroscience findings. In this paper, we present the findings of the first investigation of the impact of an AI frame on the perceived credibility of educational research evidence. In an experimental study, we allocated 605 participants including educators to one of three conditions in which the same educational research evidence was framed within one of: AI, neuroscience, or educational psychology. The results demonstrate that when educational research evidence is framed within AI research, it is considered as less credible in comparison to when it is framed instead within neuroscience or educational psychology. The effect is still evident when the subjects’ familiarity with the framing discipline is controlled for. Furthermore, our results indicate that the general public perceives AI to be: less helpful in assisting us to understand how children learn, lacking in adherence to scientific methods, and to be less prestigious compared to neuroscience and educational psychology. Considering the increased use of AI technologies in Educational settings, we argue that there should be significant attempts to recover the public image of AI being less scientifically robust and less prestigious than educational psychology and neuroscience. We conclude the article suggesting that AI in Education community should attempt to be more actively engaged with key stakeholders of AI and Education to help mitigate such effects.
Unity in the Scientific Study of Intellectual Attention
Authors: Fortney Mark 
Published: December 2019

AbstractI argue that using information from a cognitive representation to guide the performance of a primary task is sufficient for intellectual attention, and that this account of attention is endorsed by scientists working in the refreshing,n-back, and retro-cue paradigms. I build on the work of Wayne Wu (2014), who developed a similarly motivated account, but for perceptual attention rather than intellectual attention. The way that I build on Wu’s account provides a principled way of responding to Watzl’s (2011a, 2017) challenge to Wu, according to which Wu’s style of account is unintuitively broad. The fact that I find unity in the practice of science puts us in a position to resist the claim that scientists studying intellectual attention are frequently failing to study the same thing.
Generalized eigenvalues of the (P, 2)-Laplacian under a parametric boundary condition
Authors: Abreu Jamil , Madeira Gustavo F. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn this paper we study a general eigenvalue problem for the so called (p, 2)-Laplace operator on a smooth bounded domain Ω ⊂ ℝNunder a nonlinear Steklov type boundary condition, namely\[\left\{ \begin{aligned} -\Delta_pu-\Delta u & =\lambda a(x)u \quad {\rm in}\ \Omega,\\ (|\nabla u|^{p-2}+1)\dfrac{\partial u}{\partial\nu} & =\lambda b(x)u \quad {\rm on}\ \partial\Omega . \end{aligned} \right.\]For positive weight functionsaandbsatisfying appropriate integrability and boundedness assumptions, we show that, for allp>1, the eigenvalue set consists of an isolated null eigenvalue plus a continuous family of eigenvalues located away from zero.
Bovine jugular vein conduit versus pulmonary homograft in the Ross operation
Authors: Patel Parth M. , Herrmann Jeremy L. , Rodefeld Mark D. , Turrentine Mark W. , Brown John W. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectives:The Ross procedure involves using the native pulmonary valve for aortic valve replacement then replacing the pulmonary valve with an allograft or xenograft. We aimed to compare our age-matched experience with the bovine jugular vein conduit and the pulmonary homograft for pulmonary valve replacement during the Ross procedure in children.Methods:Between 1998 and 2016, 15 patients <18 years of age underwent a Ross procedure using the bovine jugular vein conduit (Ross-Bovine Jugular Vein Conduit) at our institution. These patients were age-matched with 15 patients who had the Ross operation with a standard pulmonary homograft for right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction (Ross-Pulmonary Homograft). Paper and electronic medical records were retrospectively reviewed.Results:The median age of the Ross-Bovine Jugular Vein Conduit and Ross-Pulmonary Homograft patients were 4.8 years (interquartile range 1.1–6.6) and 3.3 years (interquartile 1.2–7.6), respectively (p = 0.6). The median follow-up time for the Ross-Bovine Jugular Vein Conduit and Ross-Pulmonary Homograft groups were 1.7 years (interquartile range 0.5–4.9) and 6.8 years (interquartile range 1.9–13.4), respectively (p = 0.03). Overall, 5-year survival, freedom from redo aortic valve replacement, and freedom from pulmonary valve replacement were similar between groups.Conclusion:The bovine jugular vein conduit and pulmonary homograft have favourable mid-term durability when used for right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction for the Ross operation. The bovine jugular vein conduit may be a suitable replacement for appropriately sized patients undergoing a Ross aortic valve replacement, though longer follow-up is needed.
Hydroclimate Change Encoded in Tree Rings of Fengshui Woods in Southeastern China and its Teleconnection With El Niño‐Southern Oscillation
Authors: Zhou Feifei , Fang Keyan , Zhang Fen , Dong Zhipeng 
Published: December 2019

AbstractHydroclimate variations inferred from proxies, such as tree rings, provide a long‐term context for the understanding of the current climate change. In humid Southeastern China (SEC), relatively limited long‐term tree‐ring records were published due to the paucity of old trees. This study develops a robust tree‐ring width chronology from the Chinese cedar (Cryptomeria fortune) Fengshui woods, spanning from 1781 to 2015, by far the longest in SEC. Common growth anomalies of the Fengshui trees can well capture long‐term springtime (March–May) Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) changes over the past 230 years in SEC. This hydroclimate‐sensitive chronology shows significant correlations with El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO) like sea surface temperature modes, indicating that ENSO may act as an important regulator in local springtime SPEI. However, interdecadal shifts in the relationships between the variances of tree rings and ENSO reveal that the ENSO‐SPEI teleconnection over SEC was an unstable process, and it collapsed during the periods of 1820s–1860s and 1920s–1960s, when ENSO was in its decaying phases.
Dosage effect of multiple genes accounts for multisystem disorder of myotonic dystrophy type 1
Authors: Yin Qi , Wang Hongye , Li Na , Ding Yifu , Xie Zhenfei , Jin Lifang , Li Yan , Wang Qiong , Liu Xinyi , Xu Liuqing , Li Qing , Ma Yongjian , Cheng Yanbo , Wang Kai , Zhong Cuiqing , Yu Qian , Tang Wei , Chen Wanjin , Yang Wenjun , Zhang Fan , Ding Chen , Bao Lan , Zhou Bin , Hu Ping , Li Jinsong 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMultisystem manifestations in myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) may be due to dosage reduction in multiple genes induced by aberrant expansion of CTG repeats in DMPK, including DMPK, its neighboring genes (SIX5 or DMWD) and downstream MBNL1. However, direct evidence is lacking. Here, we develop a new strategy to generate mice carrying multigene heterozygous mutations to mimic dosage reduction in one step by injection of haploid embryonic stem cells with mutant Dmpk, Six5 and Mbnl1 into oocytes. The triple heterozygous mutant mice exhibit adult-onset DM1 phenotypes. With the additional mutation in Dmwd, the quadruple heterozygous mutant mice recapitulate many major manifestations in congenital DM1. Moreover, muscle stem cells in both models display reduced stemness, providing a unique model for screening small molecules for treatment of DM1. Our results suggest that the complex symptoms of DM1 result from the reduced dosage of multiple genes.
CD8+ T cell-mediated endotheliopathy is a targetable mechanism of neuro-inflammation in Susac syndrome
Authors: Gross Catharina C. , Meyer Céline , Bhatia Urvashi , Yshii Lidia , Kleffner Ilka , Bauer Jan , Tröscher Anna R. , Schulte-Mecklenbeck Andreas , Herich Sebastian , Schneider-Hohendorf Tilman , Plate Henrike , Kuhlmann Tanja , Schwaninger Markus , Brück Wolfgang , Pawlitzki Marc , Laplaud David-Axel , Loussouarn Delphine , Parratt John , Barnett Michael , Buckland Michael E. , Hardy Todd A. , Reddel Stephen W. , Ringelstein Marius , Dörr Jan , Wildemann Brigitte , Kraemer Markus , Lassmann Hans , Höftberger Romana , Beltrán Eduardo , Dornmair Klaus , Schwab Nicholas , Klotz Luisa , Meuth Sven G. , Martin-Blondel Guillaume , Wiendl Heinz , Liblau Roland 
Published: December 2019

AbstractNeuroinflammation is often associated with blood-brain-barrier dysfunction, which contributes to neurological tissue damage. Here, we reveal the pathophysiology of Susac syndrome (SuS), an enigmatic neuroinflammatory disease with central nervous system (CNS) endotheliopathy. By investigating immune cells from the blood, cerebrospinal fluid, and CNS of SuS patients, we demonstrate oligoclonal expansion of terminally differentiated activated cytotoxic CD8+T cells (CTLs). Neuropathological data derived from both SuS patients and a newly-developed transgenic mouse model recapitulating the disease indicate that CTLs adhere to CNS microvessels in distinct areas and polarize granzyme B, which most likely results in the observed endothelial cell injury and microhemorrhages. Blocking T-cell adhesion by anti-α4 integrin-intervention ameliorates the disease in the preclinical model. Similarly, disease severity decreases in four SuS patients treated with natalizumab along with other therapy. Our study identifies CD8+T-cell-mediated endotheliopathy as a key disease mechanism in SuS and highlights therapeutic opportunities.
Magic of high-order van Hove singularity
Authors: Yuan Noah F. Q. , Isobe Hiroki , Fu Liang 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe van Hove singularity in density of states generally exists in periodic systems due to the presence of saddle points of energy dispersion in momentum space. We introduce a new type of van Hove singularity in two dimensions, resulting from high-order saddle points and exhibiting power-law divergent density of states. We show that high-order van Hove singularity can be generally achieved by tuning the band structure with a single parameter in moiré superlattices, such as twisted bilayer graphene by tuning twist angle or applying pressure, and trilayer graphene by applying vertical electric field. Correlation effects from high-order van Hove singularity near Fermi level are also discussed.
Observing collisions beyond the secular approximation limit
Authors: Ma Junyang , Zhang Haisu , Lavorel Bruno , Billard Franck , Hertz Edouard , Wu Jian , Boulet Christian , Hartmann Jean-Michel , Faucher Olivier 
Published: December 2019

AbstractQuantum coherence plays an essential role in diverse natural phenomena and technological applications. The unavoidable coupling of the quantum system to an uncontrolled environment incurs dissipation that is often described using the secular approximation. Here we probe the limit of this approximation in the rotational relaxation of molecules due to thermal collisions by using the laser-kicked molecular rotor as a model system. Specifically, rotational coherences in N2O gas (diluted in He) are created by two successive nonresonant short and intense laser pulses and probed by studying the change of amplitude of the rotational alignment echo with the gas density. By interrogating the system at the early stage of its collisional relaxation, we observe a significant variation of the dissipative influence of collisions with the time of appearance of the echo, featuring a decoherence process that is well reproduced by the nonsecular quantum master equation for modeling molecular collisions.
A short translational ramp determines the efficiency of protein synthesis
Authors: Verma Manasvi , Choi Junhong , Cottrell Kyle A. , Lavagnino Zeno , Thomas Erica N. , Pavlovic-Djuranovic Slavica , Szczesny Pawel , Piston David W. , Zaher Hani S. , Puglisi Joseph D. , Djuranovic Sergej 
Published: December 2019

AbstractTranslation initiation is a major rate-limiting step for protein synthesis. However, recent studies strongly suggest that the efficiency of protein synthesis is additionally regulated by multiple factors that impact the elongation phase. To assess the influence of early elongation on protein synthesis, we employed a library of more than 250,000 reporters combined with in vitro and in vivo protein expression assays. Here we report that the identity of the amino acids encoded by codons 3 to 5 impact protein yield. This effect is independent of tRNA abundance, translation initiation efficiency, or overall mRNA structure. Single-molecule measurements of translation kinetics revealed pausing of the ribosome and aborted protein synthesis on codons 4 and 5 of distinct amino acid and nucleotide compositions. Finally, introduction of preferred sequence motifs only at specific codon positions improves protein synthesis efficiency for recombinant proteins. Collectively, our data underscore the critical role of early elongation events in translational control of gene expression.
Dynamical decoupling of quantum two-level systems by coherent multiple Landau–Zener transitions
Authors: Matityahu Shlomi , Schmidt Hartmut , Bilmes Alexander , Shnirman Alexander , Weiss Georg , Ustinov Alexey V. , Schechter Moshe , Lisenfeld Jürgen 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIncreasing and stabilizing the coherence of superconducting quantum circuits and resonators is of utmost importance for various technologies, ranging from quantum information processors to highly sensitive detectors of low-temperature radiation in astrophysics. A major source of noise in such devices is a bath of quantum two-level systems (TLSs) with broad distribution of energies, existing in disordered dielectrics and on surfaces. Here we study the dielectric loss of superconducting resonators in the presence of a periodic electric bias field, which sweeps near-resonant TLSs in and out of resonance with the resonator, resulting in a periodic pattern of Landau–Zener transitions. We show that at high sweep rates compared to the TLS relaxation rate, the coherent evolution of the TLS over multiple transitions yields a significant reduction in the dielectric loss relative to the intrinsic value. This behavior is observed both in the classical high-power regime and in the quantum single-photon regime, possibly suggesting a viable technique to dynamically decouple TLSs from a qubit.
Toll-like receptor 4 inhibition prevents autoimmune diabetes in NOD mice
Authors: Alibashe-Ahmed Mohamed , Brioudes Estelle , Reith Walter , Bosco Domenico , Berney Thierry 
Published: December 2019

AbstractTLR4 is a transmembrane receptor of the innate immune system that recognizes LPS from gram-negative bacteria. Its stimulation induces pro-inflammatory responses and modulates adaptive immunity. Our aim is to determine the role of TLR4 in the activation and proliferation of T lymphocytes in the onset of autoimmune diabetes, using the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse model. Antigen-specific activation and proliferation of diabetogenic T cells were assessed in vitro by Carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester (CFSE) dilution, in presence of vehicle or CLI-095, a cyclohexene derivative that inhibits TLR4 signaling. NOD mice were treated with vehicle or CLI-095 and sacrificed either before or after the onset of autoimmune diabetes. T lymphocyte activation and proliferation were evaluated in treated and control mice. Insulitis was analyzed by histology and diabetes incidence was determined in treated and control mice. Our results demonstrate that TLR4 blockade decreases CD4+ T lymphocyte activation and auto-antigen-specific proliferation both in vitro and in vivo, decreases the infiltrative insulitis and finally prevents the onset of spontaneous diabetes. Taken together, our data demonstrate that TLR4 signaling contributes to the development and maintenance of autoimmune diabetes. The immunomodulatory effect of CLI-095 could be part of a preventive strategy targeting patients at risk for type 1 diabetes.