bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanical behavior of cold‐water fish gelatin gels crosslinked with 1,4‐butanediol diglycidyl ether
Authors: Czerner Marina , Prudente Mariano , Martucci Josefa Fabiana , Rueda Federico , Fasce Laura Alejandra 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn this work, chemical crosslinking with 1,4‐butanediol diglycidyl ether (BDDGE) is used as strategy to enhance mechanical performance of fish gelatin (FG) gels in order to meet the properties' range of mammalian gelatin physical gels. Joint analysis of free amino groups, swelling ratio, and total soluble material indicates that crosslinking degree increases with increasing FG concentration and it is favored by a 0.2 BDDGE/FG ratio. Increasing crosslinking degree enhances gel indentation strength and shear modulus (μ) while decreases fracture toughness (GIC). Measured μ and GIC values lies within the range exhibited by mammalian gelatin physical gels, but the relationship between these parameters is opposite. This is due to the different fracture mechanisms occurring in chemically crosslinked and physical gels.
Silica/poly(styrene‐alt‐maleic anhydride) hybrid particles as a reactive toughener for epoxy resin
Authors: Wei Wei , Zhao Yingying , Zhang Bowen , Cui Yuqing , Li Xiaojie , Fei Xiaoma , Liu Xiaoya 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAmino‐modified silica nanoparticles (SiO2─NH2) were first prepared by hydrolytic condensation of tetraethyl orthosilicate and 3‐aminopropylmethyldiethoxysilane. Then, organic–inorganic hybrid particles (SiO2─SMA) were prepared by the amidation reaction between SiO2─NH2 and poly(styrene‐alt‐maleic anhydride) (SMA). Subsequently, SiO2─SMA particles were employed for modifying bisphenol‐A epoxy/anhydride thermoset. Compared with pure cured epoxy, the modified epoxy thermosets with only 1 wt % of SiO2─SMA particles could achieve a simultaneous toughening and reinforcing performance. The tensile strength, impact strength, and fracture toughness of epoxy thermoset were increased by 14.1, 44.3, and 114.4%, respectively. Moreover, the modification also improved the thermal stability of epoxy thermosets, and the modulus and glass transition temperature of cured resin were not sacrificed. It can be attributed to the rigid structure of SiO2, as well as the anhydride and carboxyl groups onto the surface of SiO2─SMA particles participating in the epoxy curing reaction and effectively enhancing the crosslinking density of epoxy thermoset.
About the influence of temperature and environmental relative humidity on the longitudinal and transverse mechanical properties of elementary alfa fibers
Authors: Khaldi Mokhtar , Bouziane Mohamed Mokhtar , Vivet Alexandre , Bougherara Habiba 
Published: January 2020

AbstractComposites reinforced with plant‐based fibers present a high potential for valorization in new industrial applications due to their good specific mechanical characteristics, renewability, and recyclability. In order to accelerate their wide industry adoption, it is critical to assess their behavior and durability in heat and humid environments. This article aims at investigating the effects of temperature and relative humidity (RH) on the longitudinal and transverse mechanical properties of the lignocellulosic fibers extracted from alfa plant (Stipa tenacissima L). For this purpose, tensile and nanoindentation tests were performed on elementary alfa fibers subjected to a thermal cycle of 200°C. The fibers were held at various periods of 15, 30, 60 and 120 min. The test results showed that the longitudinal and transverse Young's moduli are moderately affected by short thermal cycles having duration of 15–30 min. However, for longer thermal cycle (i.e., 2 hr), a degradation of 21% for the transverse modulus was recorded. This degradation doubled for the longitudinal modulus (43 vs. 21%). A similar trend was observed for the breaking strength. This study also showed that the RH strongly affects the mechanical performances of alfa fibers.
Verkehrsschwingungen bei Betonierarbeiten auf bestehenden Straßenbrücken
Authors: Ralbovsky Marian , Vorwagner Alois , Kleiser Michael , Kozakow Thomas , Geier Roman 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBauarbeiten an bestehenden Brücken müssen oft bei aufrechterhaltenem Verkehr stattfinden. Bei Brückenverbreiterungen oder dem Schließen von Arbeitsfugen ist der erhärtende Beton verkehrsinduzierten Schwingungen ausgesetzt, welche das Gefüge nachhaltig schädigen können. Dabei ist die Amplitude der auftretenden Schwingschnelle ein maßgeblicher Parameter. Im konkreten Fall werden Einflüsse auf die Größe der verkehrsinduzierten Schwingungen eines Plattentragwerks im Zuge von Bauarbeiten an der Autobahn A 23 der Hochstraße Inzersdorf in Wien untersucht, welches unter Verkehr in mehreren Bauphasen neu errichtet wurde. Mittels dynamischer Zeitverlaufsüberfahrtsberechnungen wurden durch Variation der Fahrgeschwindigkeit, der Fahrzeugmasse und des Straßenprofils jene Parameter identifiziert, die den größten Einfluss auf die Brückenschwingungen ausüben. Dabei wurden für FEM‐Simulationen reale gemessene Straßenprofildaten verwendet, die durch ein hochauflösendes Laserscanning der maßgebenden Fahrspuren erhoben wurden. Die dynamischen Tragwerkseigenschaften wurden durch Schwingungsmessung verifiziert. Während die Durchbiegungen und Dehnungen des Tragwerks vor allem durch die Fahrzeugmasse beeinflusst werden, sind die Schwinggeschwindigkeiten in erster Linie durch das Straßenprofil bestimmt. Die prognostizierten Schwinggeschwindigkeiten wurden mit einem der Literatur entnommenen Grenzwert verglichen, bei dessen Einhaltung es zu keiner Beeinträchtigung des jungen Betons kommen sollte. Die Ergebnisse dienten als Entscheidungsbasis für die Wahl der geeigneten Maßnahmen während der kritischen Erhärtungsphase des Betons in der Anschlussfuge.
Luminescence properties of the Ln–EDTA complexes covalently linked to the chitosan biopolymers containing β‐diketonate as antenna ligands
Authors: Costa Israel F. , Pires Gilvan P. , Espínola José Geraldo P. , Brito Hermi F. , Felinto Maria Claudia F.C. , Faustino Wagner M. , Teotonio Ercules E.S. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis paper reports on the preparation, characterization, and photoluminescence properties of novel hybrid materials, in which the EDTA–Ln–L complexes (where L: H2O, acac, bzac, dbm, and tta ligands, and Ln: Eu, Gd, and Tb) were covalently linked to the precursor medium molecular weight chitosan surface (CS) matrices or on the chitosan surfaces previously crosslinked with epichlorohydrin (CSech). The emission spectra of these materials were characterized by intraconfigurational‐4fN transitions centred on the Eu3+ and Tb3+ ions. Some broad bands from the polymeric matrix were also observed in the emission spectra, however the relative intensities of the intraconfigurational bands increased significantly for systems containing diketonate ligands when the antenna effect became more efficient. The values of the radiative rates (Arad) were higher for crosslinked hybrid systems with epichlorohydrin, while nonradiative rates (Anrad) presented the opposite behaviour. These data contributed to an increase in the values of emission quantum efficiency (η) for crosslinked materials. The effect of the modification process and antenna ligand on the values of intensities, intensity parameters Ω2 e Ω4 of the Eu3+ complexes were also investigated. The results showed that the crosslinked biopolymer surfaces have great potential for applications in molecular devices light converters.
Establishing Suspension Cell Cultures for Improved Manufacturing of Oncolytic Adenovirus
Authors: Moreira Ana Sofia , Silva Ana Carina , Sousa Marcos F. Q. , Hagner‐McWhirterc Åsa , Ahlénc Gustaf , Lundgren Mats , Coroadinha Ana S. , Alves Paula M. , Peixoto Cristina , Carrondo Manuel J. T. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractRecent clinical trials have shown the potential of oncolytic adenoviruses as a cancer immunotherapy. A successful transition of oncolytic adenovirus to clinical applications requires efficient and good manufacturing practice compatible production and purification bioprocesses. Suspension cultures are preferable for virus production as they can reduce process costs and increase product quality and consistency. This work describes the adaptation of the A549 cell line to suspension culture in serum‐reduced medium validated by oncolytic adenovirus production in stirred tank bioreactor. Cell concentrations up to 3 × 106 cells mL−1 are obtained during the production process. At harvest 1.4 × 1010 infectious particles mL−1 and 6.9 ± 1.1 × 1010 viral genome mL−1 are obtained corresponding to a viral genome: infectious particles ratio of 5.2 (± 1.9): 1 confirming the virus quality. Overall, the suspension characteristics of these A549 cells support an easily scalable, less time‐consuming, and more cost‐effective process for expanded success in the use of oncolytic viruses for cancer therapy.
Effect of intraperitoneal chemotherapy concentration on morbidity and survival
Authors: Elekonawo F M K , Eden W J , Plas W Y , Ewalds R S G , Jong L A W , Bremers A J A , Hemmer P H J , Kok N F M , Kruijff S , Aalbers A G J , Reuver P R 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background
Selected patients with colorectal peritoneal metastases are treated with cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC). The concentration of intraperitoneal chemotherapy reflects the administered dose and perfusate volume. The aim of this study was to calculate intraperitoneal chemotherapy concentration during HIPEC and see whether this was related to clinical outcomes.

Methods
An observational multicentre study included consecutive patients with colorectal peritoneal metastases who were treated with CRS–HIPEC between 2010 and 2018 at three Dutch centres. Data were retrieved from prospectively developed databases. Chemotherapy dose and total circulating volumes of carrier solution were used to calculate chemotherapy concentrations. Postoperative complications, disease-free and overall survival were correlated with intraoperative chemotherapy concentrations. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression, Cox regression and survival analyses were performed.

Results
Of 320 patients, 220 received intraperitoneal mitomycin C (MMC) and 100 received oxaliplatin. Median perfusate volume for HIPEC was 5·0 (range 0·7–10·0) litres. Median intraperitoneal chemotherapy concentration was 13·3 (range 7·0–76·0) mg/l for MMC and 156·0 (91·9–377·6) mg/l in patients treated with oxaliplatin. Grade III or higher complications occurred in 75 patients (23·4 per cent). Median overall survival was 36·9 (i.q.r. 19·5–62·9) months. Intraperitoneal chemotherapy concentrations were not associated with postoperative complications or survival.

Conclusion
CRS–HIPEC was performed with a wide variation in intraperitoneal chemotherapy concentrations that were not associated with complications or survival.
Incurred sample reanalysis of cefuroxime in rabbit ocular tissues—A case study
Authors: Gabani Bhavesh Babulal , Kiran Vinay , Praharaj Shuvranshu , Srinivas Nuggehally R. , Mullangi Ramesh 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we present the incurred sample reanalysis (ISR) data for cefuroxime in various ocular tissues of rabbits. Based on the cefuroxime concentration vs. time profile in various ocular tissues, three chosen time points enabled ISR assessment. Cefuroxime was quantitated in the ocular tissues using a published liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization/tandem mass spectrometry method operated under the multiple reaction‐monitoring mode in positive ion mode. Regardless of the ocular tissue, the linearity range was 12.7–2760 ng/ml with a correlation coefficient (r2) of ≥0.996. All of the ISR samples representing various ocular tissues met the acceptance criteria. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report showing the ISR of ocular tissues in any species.
Biochemical characterization and structural insights into the high substrate affinity of a dimeric and Ca2+ independent Bacillus subtilis α‐amylase
Authors: Salem Karima , Elgharbi Fatma , Ben Hlima Hajer , Perduca Massimiliano , Sayari Adel , Hmida‐Sayari Aïda 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAn extracellular amylase (AmyKS) produced by a newly isolated Bacillus subtilis strain US572 was purified and characterized. AmyKS showed maximal activity at pH 6 and 60°C with a half‐life of 10 min at 70°C. It is a Ca2+ independent enzyme and able to hydrolyze soluble starch into oligosaccharides consisting mainly of maltose and maltotriose. When compared to the studied α‐amylases, AmyKS presents a high affinity toward soluble starch with a Km value of 0.252 mg ml−1. Coupled with the size‐exclusion chromatography data, MALDI–TOF/MS analysis indicated that the purified amylase is a dimer with a molecular mass of 136,938.18 Da. It is an unusual feature of a non‐maltogenic α‐amylase. A 3D model and a dimeric model of AmyKS were generated showing the presence of an additional domain suspected to be involved in the dimerization process. This dimer arrangement could explain the high substrate affinity and catalytic efficiency of this enzyme.
Whole‐Cell Biocatalysis in Seawater: New Halotolerant Yeast Strains for the Regio‐ and Stereoselectivity Reduction of 1‐Phenylpropane‐1,2‐Dione in Saline‐Rich Media
Authors: Andreu Cecilia , del Olmo Marcellí 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe application of green chemistry concepts in catalysis has considerably increased in recent years, and the interest in using sustainable solvents in the chemical industry is growing. One of the recent proposals to fall in line with this is to employ seawater as a solvent in biocatalytic processes. This involves selecting halotolerant strains capable of carrying out chemical conversions in the presence of the salt concentrations found in this solution. Recent studies by our group have revealed the interest in using strains belonging to Debaryomyces and Schwanniomyces for catalytic processes run in this medium. In the present work, we select other yeasts based on their halotolerance to widen the scope of this strategy. We consider them for the monoreduction of 1‐phenylpropane‐1,2‐dione, a well‐characterized reaction that produces acyloin intermediates of pharmaceutical interest. The results obtained herein indicate that using seawater as a solvent for this reaction is possible. The best ones were obtained for Saccharomyces cerevisiae FY86 and Kluyveromyces marxianus, for which acyloins with different stereochemistry were obtained with good to excellent enantiomeric excess.
Nutritional properties of pea protein‐enriched flour treated with different proteases to varying degrees of hydrolysis
Authors: Konieczny Dellaney , Stone Andrea K. , Nosworthy Matthew G. , House James D. , Korber Darren R. , Nickerson Michael T. , Tanaka Takuji 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackground and objectivesPulses are a good source of protein; however, they contain phytochemicals that can negatively affect the protein quality. Enzymatic hydrolysis could be a means to enhance the nutritional value of pea by improving the digestibility of the protein. To this aim, a commercial air‐classified pea protein‐enriched flour (PPEF) was hydrolyzed by different proteases (trypsin, Savinase, papain, and pepsin) to different degrees of hydrolysis (DH 2%–4% and 10%–12%) and levels of phytochemicals and in vitro protein digestibility corrected amino acid score were examined.FindingsProtease treatments reduced the contents of condensed tannins and total phenolics, as well as trypsin inhibitor and chymotrypsin inhibitor activities. Hydrolysis at 10%–12% DH (degrees of hydrolysis) improved the amino acid score of the PPEF, but it was still limiting sulfur amino acids, whereas low levels of hydrolysis (DH 2%–4%) decreased the amino acid score. The in vitro protein digestibility score increased slightly following hydrolysis, with the greatest improvement in digestibility occurring with the papain treatment (DH 10%–12%). The in vitro protein digestibility corrected amino acid score with trypsin hydrolysis at DH 2%–4% was the lowest at 59.17%, whereas pepsin hydrolysis (10%–12% DH) gave the highest score (72.89%).ConclusionsSpecific hydrolysis treatments could be used to improve the overall nutrition of PPEF, enhancing the potential utilization of modified pea protein ingredients.Significance and noveltyThis study utilized four enzymes with different specificities resulting in PPEF hydrolysates with different protein quality even when the DH was the same. Increasing the nutritional quality of a PPEF may give it a competitive advantage over other pea ingredients.
Metal Ionic Liquids for the Rapid Chemical Fixation of CO2 under Ambient Conditions
Authors: Chen Gang , Zhang Jianling , Cheng Xiuyan , Tan Xiuniang , Shi Jinbiao , Tan Dongxing , Zhang Bingxing , Wan Qiang , Zhang Fanyu , Liu Lifei , Han Buxing , Yang Guanying 
Published: January 2020

AbstractCO2 cycloaddition is an important reaction for chemical fixation of CO2. It is desirable to design facile and green route for the efficient CO2 cycloaddition reaction, especially at ambient conditions. Here we propose a novel route for CO2 cycloaddition by utilizing metal ionic liquid (MIL) as both reaction media and catalyst. Outstandingly, propylene oxide can be completely converted to propylene carbonate with more than 99.0 % yield and more than 99 % selectivity at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. This strategy is efficient, facile, environmentally benign, which involves no additional catalyst and can easily recycle the MIL after reaction. It has potential for the practical procedure of gas separation and CO2 utilization in industrial waste gas.
Biological Water Treatment by a Hybrid Fluidized‐Bed Bioreactor: Theoretical Study
Authors: Tabiś Bolesław , Boroń Dominika , Bizon Katarzyna 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA hybrid fluidized‐bed bioreactor for water purification was proposed and analyzed. It is a novel type of bioreactor characterized by hitherto unknown stationary and dynamic features. Steady‐state characteristics of this hybrid bioreactor with external liquid circulation are presented. A quantitative analysis of steady‐state properties of the bioreactor was performed with the aid of an original mathematical model developed for a double‐substrate aerobic microbiological process. A steady‐state analysis of aerobic processes characterized by different oxygen demand was performed. The effect of essential parameters was evaluated, including carbonaceous substrate concentration in the feed stream to the apparatus, aeration intensity, total residence time of a liquid in the bioreactor, and height of the bed of fine carrier particles.
Triple Frustrated Lewis Pair‐Type Reactivity on a Single Rare‐Earth Metal Center
Authors: Sun Xiong , Su Wei , Shi Kaiying , Xie Zhuoyi , Zhu Congqing 
Published: January 2020

AbstractRare‐earth metal cations have been used rarely as Lewis‐acidic components in the chemistry of frustrated Lewis pairs (FLPs). Herein, we report the first cerium/phosphorus system (2) employing a heptadentate N4P3 ligand, which exhibits triple FLP‐type reactivity towards a series of organic substrates, including isocyanates, isothiocyanates, diazomethane, and azides on a single rare‐earth Lewis acidic Ce center. This result shows that the Ce center and three P atoms in 2 could simultaneously activate three equivalents of small molecules under mild conditions. This study broadens the diversity of FLPs and demonstrates that rare earth based FLP exhibit unique properties compared with other FLP systems.
Synthesis of Benzodiazepines Through Ring Opening/Ring Closure of Benzimidazole Salts
Authors: Tao Sheng , Bu Qingqing , Shi Qianqian , Wei Donghui , Dai Bin , Liu Ning 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPyrido‐benzodiazepine derivatives are undoubtedly one of the most important structural motifs in the marketed drugs and the drug candidates. Commonly synthetic methods for construction of the benzodiazepine ring derivatives are based on the condensation reactions of two highly functionalized synthons. The development of synthesis for these compounds, however, is hampered by the regioselectivity and atom economy. In this work, a one‐step synthesis of pyrido‐benzodiazepine backbones and its analogues is achieved through continuous ring‐opening hydrolysis of benzimidazole salts and intramolecular C−H bond activation. The reaction mechanism is explored by control experiments and density functional theory (DFT) calculations.
Understanding the behaviour of dodecylamine as a model cationic collector in oil sands tailings dewatering applications using a novel FTIR based method
Authors: Ripmeester Matthew , Duford David A. , Yuan Simon 
Published: January 2020

AbstractTailings treatment technology is currently being developed at Syncrude Canada Ltd. (SCL) that involves adding a cationic surfactant (collector) to fluid fine tailings (FFT) in order to alter clay surfaces from hydrophilic to hydrophobic and promote faster dewatering. To understand the behaviour and effects of cationic collectors, a robust analytical method for measuring concentrations of aliphatic amine collectors in aqueous samples was developed. Dodecylamine (DDA) was used as the model collector molecule for this study. The method involves a liquid‐liquid extraction with dichloromethane (DCM) at basic pH followed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) detection of the primary amine N─H stretch of DDA at ~3382 cm−1. This method was successfully used to measure DDA in the matrices of recycled oil sands process affected water (RCW) and FFT. The optimized method was then used to understand the behaviour of DDA in a number of geochemical environments that could occur during tailings treatment. Analysis of the solubility of DDA in RCW found that the solubility of DDA increases with decreasing pH, while increasing temperature increased the solubility of DDA to a lesser degree. The solubility of DDA in RCW at its natural pH of 9.16 was found to be 4.22 mg · kg−1. Lastly, preliminary tests verified that FFT solids have a high relative DDA adsorption capacity and that the current standard DDA dosage used at SCL of 650 g/t, is effective as all the DDA was found tightly bound to clay surfaces with no excess DDA left in the water, even under acidic conditions.
Iron‐Catalyzed Aminomethyloxygenative Cyclization of Hydroxy‐α‐diazoesters with N,O‐Aminals
Authors: Zou Suchen , Zhang Tianze , Wang Siyuan , Huang Hanmin 
Published: January 2020

Summary of main observation and conclusionA new and efficient cyclization reaction has been developed to synthesize cyclic α,α‐disubstituted β‐amino esters via iron‐catalyzed intramolecular aminomethyloxygenative cyclization of diazo compounds with N,O‐aminal under mild reaction conditions. A broad range of hydroxy‐α‐diazoesters with different substituents and various N,O‐aminals were compatible with this protocol, affording the corresponding α,α‐disubstituted β‐amino esters bearing a five‐ to eight‐membered oxacycle in good yields.
Mild and Efficient Synthesis of Diverse Organo‐AuI‐L Complexes in Green Solvents
Authors: Ingner Fredric J. L. , Schmitt Ann‐Cathrin , Orthaber Andreas , Gates Paul J. , Pilarski Lukasz T. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAn exceptionally mild and efficient method was developed for the preparation of (hetero)aryl‐AuI‐L complexes using ethanol or water as the reaction medium at room temperature and Ar‐B(triol)K boronates as the transmetalation partner. The reaction does not need an exogeneous base or other additives, and quantitative yields can be achieved through a simple filtration as the only required purification method, which obviates considerable waste associated with alternative workup methods. A broad reaction scope was demonstrated with respect to both the L and (hetero)aryl ligands on product Au complexes. Despite the polar reaction medium, large polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon units can be incorporated on the Au complexes in very good to excellent yields. The approach was demonstrated for the chemoselective manipulation of orthogonally protected aryl boronates to afford a new class of N‐heterocyclic carbene‐Au‐aryl complexes. A mechanistic rationale was proposed.