bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative assessment of morphological mechanisms of maintaining structural liver homeostasis in the dynamics of exposure to coal-rock dust and sodium fluoride on the body
Authors: Bugaeva M. S. , Bondarev O. I. , Mikhailova N. N. , Gorokhova L. G. 
Published: March 2020

Introduction.The impact on the body of such factors of the production environment as coal-rock dust and fluorine compounds leads to certain shift s in strict indicators of homeostasis at the system level. Maintaining the relative constancy of the internal environment of the body is provided by the functional consistency of all organs and systems, the leading of which is the liver. Organ repair plays a crucial role in restoring the structure of genetic material and maintaining normal cell viability. When this mechanism is damaged, the compensatory capabilities of the organ are disrupted, homeostasis is disrupted at the cellular and organizational levels, and the development of the main pathological processes is noted.The aim of the studyis to compare the morphological mechanisms of maintaining structural homeostasis of the liver in the dynamics of the impact on the body of coal-rock dust and sodium fluoride.Materials and methods. Experimental studies were conducted on adult white male laboratory rats. Features of morphological mechanisms for maintaining structural homeostasis of the liver in the dynamics of exposure to coal-rock dust and sodium fluoride were studied on experimental models of pneumoconiosis and fluoride intoxication. For histological examination in experimental animals, liver sampling was performed after 1, 3, 6, 9, 12 weeks of the experiment.Results. The specificity of morphological changes in the liver depending on the harmful production factor was revealed. It is shown that chronic exposure to coal-rock dust and sodium fluoride is characterized by the development of similar morphological changes in the liver and its vessels from the predominance of the initial compensatory-adaptive to pronounced violations of the stromal and parenchymal components. Long-term inhalation of coal-rock dust at 1–3 weeks of seeding triggers adaptive mechanisms in the liver in the form of increased functional activity of cells, formation of double-core hepatocytes, activation of immunocompetent cells and endotheliocytes, ensuring the preservation of the parenchyma and the general morphostructure of the organ until the 12th week of the experiment. Exposure to sodium fluoride leads to early disruption of liver compensatory mechanisms and the development of dystrophic changes in the parenchyma with the formation of necrosis foci as early as the 6th week of the experiment.Conclusions. The study of mechanisms for compensating the liver structure in conditions of long-term exposure to coal-rock dust and sodium fluoride, as well as processes that indicate their failure, and the timing of their occurrence, is of theoretical and practical importance for developing recommendations for the timely prevention and correction of pathological conditions developing in employees of the aluminum and coal industry.The authors declare no conflict of interests.
Effect of radon therapy on epithelial cells of the respiratory tract mucosa in patients with occupational chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Kuzmenko O. V. , Filimonov S. N. , Gordeeva R. V. , Kireeva L. N. , Martynova E. A. 
Published: March 2020

The influence of natural radon waters on the state of the respiratory tract mucosal cells in patients working in the coal and metallurgical industries with occupational chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was studied. The positive effect of common radon baths on the restoration of cytological changes in the respiratory mucosa was revealed.Indicators of local immunity of the respiratory tract mucosa in patients with occupational chronic obstructive pulmonary disease on the background of the use of general radon baths.The aim of the study is to explore the effect of natural radon water in the form of shared baths on epithelial cells of the respiratory mucosa in patients with occupational chronic obstructive pulmonary disease based on the analysis of cytological changes in the respiratory mucosa. Patients of the main group with professional chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were given general radon baths from a natural source in sanatorium conditions. Patients in the control group had shared freshwater baths. All patients before and after treatment studies were conducted cytologic changes in the smears from the mucous membrane of the nose and phlegm. The use of common radon baths in the main group revealed a pronounced corrective effect on the function of cellular protection of the respiratory mucosa, which was expressed in a significant decrease in destructive processes in cells of all types with an increase in their functional activity, normalization of mucociliary clearance. There were no significant changes in indicators in the control group.The use of common radon baths at the stage of rehabilitation in workers of the coal and metallurgical industry with professional chronic obstructive pulmonary disease leads to the restoration of the integrity of the cellular composition of the epithelial cover of the respiratory tract mucosa, preserves the functional activity of cells of local protection factors.The authors declare no conflict of interests.
Sırt Çantalı Gezginlerin Demografik Özellikleri İle Kişisel Gelişimleri Arasındaki Farklılığın İncelenmesi
Authors: AKKUŞ Gülizar , AKKUŞ Çetin 
Published: March 2020

Turizm tüketimi, özünde kendilik
hissini keşfetmeye çalışan bireyle ilgilidir. Bu keşif ise çoğu zaman olumlu
bir değişim yani kişisel gelişim ile sonuçlanmaktadır. Sırt çantalı gezginlerin
de seyahat şekli ve süresi göz önüne alındığında, diğer turist tiplerine
nazaran seyahatleri sonrasında kendilerinde algıladıkları ya da hissettikleri
değişikliklerin daha fazla olduğu söylenebilir. Bu araştırmada Türk sırt
çantalı gezginlerin seyahatleri sonrasında hissettikleri kişisel gelişimi
tespit edebilmek ve gezginlerin demografik özelliklerine göre kişisel
gelişimlerinin farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığını belirlemek amaçlanmıştır. Evrenin
belirsizliği sebebiyle kartopu örneklemesine başvurulmuştur. Veri toplama aracı
olarak anket tekniği kullanılmıştır. Sırt çantalı gezginlerin kişisel
gelişimlerini ölçebilmek amacıyla Chen, Bao &amp; Huang (2014) tarafından
tasarlanan “sırt çantalı gezgin kişisel gelişim ölçeği”nden faydalanılmıştır.
Veriler 2018 yılı Eylül-Ekim aylarında toplanmıştır. Elde edilen verilere
farklılık analizleri uygulanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda gezginlerin cinsiyet
dışında diğer tüm değişkenler açısından kişisel gelişimlerinin anlamlı
farklılıklar gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir.

Tourism consumption, in essence, is about the individual who is trying
to discover the sense of self. This discovery often results in a positive
change, ie personal development. Considering the type and duration of travel of
the backpackers, it can be said that the changes they perceive or feel after
their travels more than the other types of tourists. In this study, it is aimed
to determine the personal development of the Turkish backpackers after their
travels and to determine whether their personal development differs according
to the demographic characteristics of the travelers. Snowball sampling was
applied due to the uncertainty of the universe. Survey technique was used as
data collection tool. In order to measure the personal development of backpackers,
“backpacker personal development scale” designed by Chen, Bao &amp; Huang
(2014) was utilized. Data were collected in September-October 2018. Difference
analysis were applied to the data. As a result of the study, it was determined
that the personal development of the travelers in terms of all variables other
than gender showed significant differences.
Association of zinc administration with growth suppression of intracranial aneurysms via induction of A20
Authors: Hayashi Kosuke , Kataoka Hiroharu , Minami Manabu , Ikedo Taichi , Miyata Takeshi , Shimizu Kampei , Nagata Manabu , Yang Tao , Yamamoto Yu , Yokode Masayuki , Miyamoto Susumu 
Published: March 2020

OBJECTIVEZinc is an essential micronutrient with multiple biological effects, including antiinflammation. Previously, the authors demonstrated that the pathogenesis of intracranial aneurysms (IAs) is strongly related to chronic inflammation. In this study, the authors investigated whether administration of zinc inhibits the growth of IAs in a rat model.METHODSThe authors analyzed surgically induced IAs in Sprague-Dawley male rats, which were subsequently treated with intraperitoneal injections of zinc sulfate heptahydrate (ZnSO4; 3 mg/kg/day) or vehicle for 4 weeks.RESULTSSize and wall thickness ratios of experimentally induced IAs were assessed in both treatment groups after induction and in a control group. The effects of zinc administration in IAs were examined by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. Zinc administration significantly suppressed aneurysm size and also preserved the internal elastic lumen. Administration of zinc significantly attenuated infiltration of macrophages into IAs.CONCLUSIONSZinc treatment significantly increased expression of the antiinflammatory signaling protein A20, an inhibitor of the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) pathway, in rat IAs. Zinc administration may prevent the growth of rat IAs by inducing A20-attributed inactivation of NF-κB signaling.
A register-based SAH study in Japan: high incidence rate and recent decline trend based on lifestyle
Authors: Ikawa Fusao , Morita Akio , Nakayama Takeo , Goto Yoshihito , Sakai Nobuyuki , Iihara Koji , Shiokawa Yoshiaki , Date Isao , Nozaki Kazuhiko , Kinouchi Hiroyuki , Houkin Kiyohiro , Saito Nobuhito , Tominaga Teiji , Suzuki Michiyasu , Miyamoto Susumu , Kurisu Kaoru , Arai Hajime 
Published: March 2020

OBJECTIVEJapan has been reported to have the highest (and increasing) incidence of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in the world. However, there has never been a report on the nationwide incidence rate and recent trends for SAH in Japan. In this register-based study, the authors aimed to clarify the estimated nationwide SAH incidence rate and the recent trend in SAH incidence in Japan and the reasons for any changes in this trend.METHODSThe authors compiled data from the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare and from the records of the Japan Neurosurgical Society. They reviewed the age-standardized nationwide SAH mortality rate, the estimated age-standardized SAH incidence rate according to the age-standardized SAH mortality rate, and the estimated crude SAH incidence rate, including the 95% confidence intervals, from 2003 to 2015. The trends in the number of treatments for unruptured and ruptured cerebral aneurysms, as well as the prevalence of hypertension, current smoking status, and use of cholesterol-lowering drugs, were assessed. The estimated treatment rate for unruptured cerebral aneurysms (UCAs) was also calculated along with the 95% confidence interval.RESULTSThe estimated age-standardized nationwide SAH incidence rate significantly declined from 31.34 cases (95% CI 31.32–31.34) to 27.63 (95% CI 27.59–27.63; decrease by 11.8%) per 100,000 person-years. This decline was based on the 2010 population as the reference from 2003 through 2015 and a case-fatality rate of SAH that was assumed to decrease by 1% annually from 44% in 2003 to 32% in 2015. According to sensitivity analysis, the change rate of the estimated age-standardized SAH incidence rate ranged from −56.69% to 23.27%, with a mean of −30.91% (SD 20.52%), and there were decline trends in 92% of all trends. The estimated nationwide crude SAH incidence rate also showed a significant decline from 23.79 (95% CI 23.78–23.79) to 20.25 (95% CI 20.24–20.25; decrease by 14.9%) per 100,000 person-years. The trend in treatment numbers for UCAs increased significantly (p < 0.0001) from 2003 through 2015; however, the estimated treatment rate for UCAs was only 0.19 (95% CI 0.19–0.20) to 0.51 (95% CI 0.50–0.51) among all UCA patients. The prevalence of hypertension (males, p = 0.0003; females, p < 0.0001) and current smoking status (males, p < 0.0001; females, p = 0.0002) declined significantly from 2003 through 2015, while the use of cholesterol-lowering drugs increased significantly (males, p < 0.0001; females, p = 0.0005) during the same period.CONCLUSIONSThe estimated nationwide SAH incidence rate in Japan was higher than rates in other countries, although it has declined recently. An improving lifestyle may have contributed to the declining rate of SAH incidence in Japan.
Spreading depolarization may represent a novel mechanism for delayed fluctuating neurological deficit after chronic subdural hematoma evacuation
Authors: Mohammad Laila M. , Abbas Mohammad , Shuttleworth C. William , Ahmadian Rosstin , Bhat Annapoorna , Hill Deirdre A. , Carlson Andrew P. 
Published: March 2020

OBJECTIVE
Most patients with chronic subdural hematoma (cSDH) recover after surgical evacuation with a straightforward course. There is a subset of patients who develop transient and fluctuating deficits not explained by seizures, stroke, or mass effect after evacuation. The objective of this study was to investigate whether these postoperative neurological deficits may be related to temporary brain dysfunction caused by cortical spreading depolarizations (SDs).

METHODS
The authors conducted a prospective observational study of 40 patients who underwent cSDH evacuation. At the time of surgery, a 1 × 6 subdural electrode strip was placed on the cortex parallel to the subdural drain. Clinical outcomes were assessed utilizing the Markwalder Grading Scale, need for clinical EEG for new deficit, and presence of new deficits.

RESULTS
Definitive SD was detected in 6 (15%) of 40 patients. Baseline and cSDH characteristics did not differ between patients with and without SD. More patients experienced postoperative neurological deterioration if they had SD (50%) compared to those without SD (8.8%; p = 0.03). Only 2 patients in the entire cohort demonstrated early neurological deterioration, both of whom had SD. One of these cases demonstrated a time-locked new focal neurological deficit (aphasia) at the start of a series of multiple clusters of SD.

CONCLUSIONS
This is the first observation of SD occurring after cSDH evacuation. SD occurred at a rate of 15% and was associated with neurological deterioration. This may represent a novel mechanism for otherwise unexplained fluctuating neurological deficit after cSDH evacuation. This could provide a new therapeutic target, and SD-targeted therapies should be evaluated in prospective clinical trials.
Vertebral artery aneurysms and the risk of cord infarction following spinal artery coverage during flow diversion
Authors: Dmytriw Adam A. , Kapadia Anish , Enriquez-Marulanda Alejandro , Parra-Fariñas Carmen , Kühn Anna Luisa , Nicholson Patrick J. , Waqas Muhammad , Renieri Leonardo , Michelozzi Caterina , Foreman Paul M. , Phan Kevin , Yang I-Hsiao , Tutino Vincent M. , Ogilvy Christopher S. , Radovanovic Ivan , Harrigan Mark R. , Siddiqui Adnan H. , Levy Elad I. , Limbucci Nicola , Cognard Christophe , Krings Timo , Pereira Vitor Mendes , Thomas Ajith J. , Marotta Thomas R. , Griessenauer Christoph J. 
Published: March 2020

OBJECTIVECoverage of the anterior spinal artery (ASA) ostia is a source of considerable consternation regarding flow diversion (FD) in vertebral artery (VA) aneurysms due to cord supply. The authors sought to assess the association between coverage of the ASA, posterior spinal artery (PSA), or lateral spinal artery (LSA) ostia when placing flow diverters in distal VAs and clinical outcomes, with emphasis on cord infarction.METHODSA multicenter retrospective study of 7 institutions in which VA aneurysms were treated with FD between 2011 and 2019 was performed. The authors evaluated the risk of ASA and PSA/LSA occlusion, associated thromboembolic complication, complications overall, aneurysm occlusion status, and functional outcome.RESULTSSixty patients with 63 VA and posterior inferior cerebellar artery aneurysms treated with FD were identified. The median aneurysm diameter was 7 mm and fusiform type was the commonest morphology (42.9%). During a procedure, 1 (61.7%) or 2 (33.3%) flow diverters were placed. Complete occlusion was achieved in 71.9%. Symptomatic thromboembolic complications occurred in 7.4% of cases and intracranial hemorrhage in 10.0% of cases. The ASA and PSA/LSA were identified in 51 (80.9%) and 35 (55.6%) complications and covered by the flow diverter in 29 (56.9%) and 13 (37.1%) of the procedures, respectively. Patency after flow diverter coverage on last follow-up was 89.2% for ASA and 100% for PSA/LSA, not significantly different between covered and noncovered groups (p = 0.5 and p > 0.99, respectively). No complications arose from coverage.CONCLUSIONSFD aneurysm treatment in the posterior circulation with coverage of ASA or PSA/LSA was not associated with higher rates of occlusion of these branches or any instances of cord infarction.
Pengaruh Pemakaian Perasan Akar Rumput Alang-alang Sebagai Hand Sanitizer Terhadap Angka Kuman Tangan Cleaning Service
Authors: Putri Rizki Amalia , Ramlan Djamaluddin , Khomsatun Khomsatun 
Published: March 2020

Akar rumput alang-alang (imperata cylindrica) mengandung senyawa yang dapat berfungsi sebagai anti mikroba yaitu golongan triterpenoid diantaranya cylindrin, arundoin, ferneon, isoarborinol, dan sikiarenol. Golongan triterpenoid termasuk ke dalam jenis saponin. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menemukan cara membersihkan tangan dari kuman menggunakan handsanitizer berbahan akar rumput alang-alang.Jenis penelitian yang dipakai adalah penelitian pre experiment dengan rancangan pre test dan post test design. Analisis statistik yang digunakan Anova One Way. Metode penelitian dengan cara pemeriksaan angka kuman tangan sebelum dan sesudah menggunakan handsanitizer berbahan akar rumput alang-alang.Handsanitizer perasan akar rumput alang-alang dengan dosis yang berbeda yaitu dosis 5 ml, dosis 10 ml dan dosis 15 ml. Rata-rata angka kuman sebelum perlakuan 5 ml = 800 CFU/cm2 dan sesudah perlakuan 5 ml = 508 CFU/cm2 secara statistik tidak ada pengaruh yang signifikan (p=0,767 atau p 0,05). Rata-rata angka kuman sebelum perlakuan 10 = 817 CFU/cm2 dan sesudah perlakuan 10 ml = 950 CFU/cm2 secara statistik tidak ada pengaruh yang signifikan (p=0,919 atau p 0,05). Rata-rata angka kuman sebelum perlakuan 15 ml = 1008 CFU/cm2 dan sesudah perlakuan 15 ml = 1217 CFU/cm2 secara statistik tidak ada pengaruh yang signifikan (p=0,847 atau p 0,05). Dari ketiga dosis tersebut setelah di uji menggunakan uji Anova One Way menunjukan nilai p(sig) 0,539 yang artinya jika pa maka Ha di tolak.Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah tidak ada pengaruh pemakaian perasan akar rumput alang-alang (imperata cylindrica) sebagai handsanitizer terhadap penurunan angka kuman. Peneliti selanjutnya sebaiknya menurunkan dosis perasan akar rumput alang-alang di bawah 5 ml agar lebih efektif dalam menurunkan angka kuman pada tangan.
Teaching Czech German Refugees at Tate Creek, British Columbia, During World War II
Authors: Raptis Helen 
Published: March 2020

Abstract This paper explores the experiences of two teachers of Czech German refugees who settled at Tate Creek, British Columbia after Hitler’s annexation of the Sudetenland in 1938. In an era which pre-dates the genesis of the term “English as a Second Language” (ESL), Amy (Brown) Dauphinee and Celia (Stickney) Dowding employed pedagogical techniques that closely resembled those advocated by today’s ESL experts. This research also raises questions about the roles schools played in Canada’s war effort. The extent to which children and teachers engaged in war-related activities depended on many factors, including a teacher’s personal qualities and skills as well as the nature of the community. Résumé Cet article traite des expériences de deux enseignantes qui ont travaillé auprès de réfugiés tchèques d’origine allemande installés à Tate Creek, Colombie-Britannique, après l’annexion par l’Allemagne des Sudètes en 1938. À une époque précédant l’apparition du terme « anglais langue seconde (ASL) » Amy (Brown) Dauphinee et Celia (Stickney) Dowding employaient des techniques pédagogiques qui s’apparentaient à celles utilisées de nos jours par les experts d’ASL. L’étude soulève également des questions quant au rôle joué par les écoles dans l’effort de guerre canadien. L’étendue de l’engagement du personnel et des élèves dans des activités liées à la guerre dépendait de plusieurs facteurs dont la personnalité et les aptitudes des enseignants, ainsi que du caractère de la communauté où l’école se trouvait.
The ‘Bilingual Incubator’: Student Attitudes Towards Bilingualism at Glendon College, 1966-1971
Authors: Trepanier James , Englebert Robert 
Published: March 2020

Abstract:York University’s Glendon College, specialized in liberal arts, opened in 1966 in an atmosphere of national crisis. English-French relations appeared to be deteriorating as a result of the changes wrought by the Quiet Revolution in Quebec. Glendon College was conceived as an experiment in bilingual education which could help bridge the two solitudes by producing a new generation of bilingual public servants. This study discusses Glendon student attitudes towards bilingualism from 1966 until 1971, when university administrators eliminated mandatory bilingualism by admitting a separate English unilingual stream at the college. Though many Glendon students were interested in the same issues of social and generational politics as their peers at other institutions, they displayed a particular enthusiasm and regard for the politics of bilingualism and Canadian unity. Whether by organizing a nationally televised forum on Quebec society and politics, contesting the place of students in the governing structures of the university or debating how to best sustain a bilingual college in the heart of Toronto, students worked to recast the “Glendon experiment” to fit their own visions of bilingualism and national unity. Résumé: Le Collège Glendon, spécialisé en arts libéraux (humanités et sciences sociales) de l’Université York a ouvert ses portes en 1966 alors qu’il régnait au pays une atmosphère de crise. Les relations entre anglophones et francophones semblaient se détériorer surtout à cause des changements apportés par la Révolution tranquille du Québec. Glendon a été conçu à titre d’essai en éducation bilingue avec l’intention de jeter un pont entre les deux solitudes en assurant une nouvelle génération de fonctionnaires bilingues. Cette étude analyse les attitudes des étudiants envers le bilinguisme depuis 1966 jusqu’en 1971, l’année où les administrateurs de l’université supprimèrent le bilinguisme obligatoire en élargissant les critères d’admission au Collège pour y accueillir une cohorte d’étudiants unilingues anglophones. Quoique beaucoup d’étudiants s’intéressaient aux mêmes questions de politiques sociales de leur génération que leurs pairs dans d’autres institutions, ils firent preuve d’un intérêt et d’un enthousiasme particuliers vis-à-vis des politiques de bilinguisme et d’unité nationale. Les étudiants travaillèrent avec zèle à refondre « l’expérience Glendon » pour concorder avec leurs propres visions de bilinguisme et d’unité nationale, soit en organisant un forum sur la société et les politiques du Québec, soit en réclamant une place pour les étudiants dans les structures de gouvernance de l’université, ou encore, en entamant des débats sur la façon d’assurer la meilleure viabilité d’un collège bilingue au cœur de Toronto.