bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enacting Reflection: A New Approach to Workplace Complexities
Authors: Justice Sean , Morrison Emily , Yorks Lyle 
Published: June 2020

The Problem Change has changed, and workplaces are grappling with new complexities and ambiguities. Human resource development (HRD) scholar-practitioners are called upon to help workplaces learn to navigate these changes; however, traditional approaches have limited utility when dealing with dynamic, emergent change. To address these limitations, scholars have proposed adopting enactive approaches that are rooted in systems thinking and complexity theories, but there is limited understanding of what this means in HRD practice. The Solution This article explores HRD responses to change from an enactive perspective. Enactivism suggests that people create their context through engagement with physical and social environments. From this perspective, reflection is not necessarily “on” experience, as if somehow separate from it. Rather, reflection is active engagement in, by, and through experience. This article aims to expand theoretical understanding and practical applications of enactivism in workplace learning. The Stakeholders HRD scholar-practitioners seeking new options for navigating workplace learning complexities.
An Experimental Application of the Brand Equity Pyramid Using a Healthy Movement Product Brand
Authors: Lithopoulos Alexander , Latimer-Cheung Amy E. 
Published: June 2020

Background: The brand equity pyramid is a theory that explains how people develop a relationship with a brand. Although the theory has received some support, few studies have tested it using a product brand, and no study has experimentally tested the theory. Research Question: The study tested whether brand equity pyramid variables pertaining to a health behavior promotion product brand (the Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for Children and Youth) can be experimentally manipulated. The first objective was to examine whether brand equity of the guidelines would be higher in the intervention group compared to the control group. The second objective was to explore whether parental attitudes and intentions toward support, support behaviors, and parent-perceived child behavior would be higher in the intervention group compared to the control. Method: Using an online survey platform in Canada, all participants first viewed the guidelines. Participants in the intervention group were then presented with a video targeting key brand equity variables, whereas the control group received no video. Participants were 161 Canadian parents ( M age = 38.17, SD = 7.33 years) with a child 5–12 years of age. Measurements of brand equity and behavioral variables were taken at Time 1 (immediately post-intervention) and 2 weeks later at Time 2. Results: The intervention group had greater brand awareness than the control group and also showed a more positive attitude toward ensuring their child is less sedentary. However, generally, the 1-time intervention had limited effects. Recommendations for Research or Practice: This study indicates that a single exposure to stimuli targeting brand equity constructs can enhance awareness and some proximal cognitions. Future studies should examine whether repeated exposures to brand advertisements result in change in more important, distal variables such as brand loyalty and actual behavior. Limitations: This study lacked a true baseline measurement time point, there was only one exposure to brand stimuli, and parent-perceived child behavior was measured rather than behavior reported by the children themselves.
The Viabahn balloon expandable stent for endovascular reconstruction of the infrarenal aorta and its bifurcation in cases of severe obstructive disease
Authors: Antonello Michele , Squizzato Francesco , Piazza Michele 
Published: June 2020

Introduction The covered endovascular reconstruction of the aortic bifurcation (CERAB) represents a promising technique for the treatment obstructive lesions involving the aortic bifurcation. The aim of this report is to describe the use of a new generation balloon-expandable stent-graft (Viabahn VBX, W.L. Gore&Associates, AZ, USA), in the CERAB configuration for the treatment of aorto-iliac obstructive lesions involving the infrarenal aorta and bifurcation. Technical note: This technique was adopted in two patients with severe aorto-iliac obstructive lesions. After bilateral iliac recanalization, an 11 mm diameter VBX stent was deployed in the infrarenal aorta; a post-dilatation up to 16 mm with a non-compliant balloon was performed to adapt the proximal edge of the stent to the aortic diameter. Two 8 mm diameter VBX stents were then deployed at the aortic bifurcation in a kissing conformation, overlapping with the previously positioned aortic stent for 15 mm. A post-ballooning with two kissing 12 × 20 mm compliant balloons (Powerflex Pro PTA, Cordis, CA, USA) was performed to adapt the parallel stents to the aortic cuff. A post-operative angio-CT demonstrated optimal conformability of the aortic cuff to the aortic wall, and apposition of the kissing stents to the aortic cuff. Conclusions This preliminary experience shows that the VBX stent may allow an effective reconstruction of the aortic bifurcation; the conformability and flaring capability may allow to overcome the diameter mismatch between the aorta and the iliac arteries.
Controlling Hypertension After Severe Cerebrovascular Event (CHASE): A randomized, multicenter, controlled study
Authors: Yuan Fang , Yang Fang , Zhao Jingjing , Fu Feng , Liu Yi , Xue Changhu , Wang Kangjun , Yuan Xiangjun , Li Dingan , Liu Qiuwu , Zhang Wei , Jia Yi , He Jianbo , Zhou Jun , Wang Xiaocheng , Lv Hua , Huo Kang , Li Zhuanhui , Zhang Bei , Wang Chengkai , Li Li , Li Hongzeng , Jiang Wen 
Published: June 2020

Background The optimal blood pressure lowering target in the acute phase of severe stroke is uncertain. Our aim was to compare the efficacy and safety of individualized blood pressure lowering with standard blood pressure lowering in severe stroke. Methods Five-hundred consecutive patients with acute severe stroke and elevated BP were recruited from 26 Chinese hospitals. Eligible patients were randomized into an individualized blood pressure lowering group (with 10–15% reduction in systolic blood pressure from admission level or standard blood pressure lowering group (with a target SBP of <200 mm Hg in acute ischemic stroke and <180 mm Hg in intracerebral hemorrhage). The primary outcome was the proportion of patients with a poor functional outcome at day 90 of enrolment. Results Of 483 participants included in the analysis, 242 received individualized blood pressure lowering treatment and 241 received standard treatment. The primary outcome event was observed in 71.1% of the participants in the individualized treatment group and in 73.4% of the standard treatment group (odds ratio with individualized treatment for primary outcome, 0.75; 95% confidence interval, 0.47 to 1.19; p = 0.222). The rates of serious adverse events in the two groups were similar (27.7% vs. 28.2%). Conclusions In patients with acute severe stoke, individualized blood pressure lowering treatment did not significantly reduce the rate of three-month death or dependence. Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT02982655. Registered in 5 December 2016, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02982655
Impact of COVID-19 outbreak on ischemic stroke admissions and in-hospital mortality in North-West Spain
Authors: Meza Herbert Tejada , Lambea Gil Álvaro , Saldaña Agustín Sancho , Martínez-Zabaleta Maite , Juez Patricia de la Riva , Martínez Elena López-Cancio , Apilánez María Castañón , Isasi María Herrera , Enguita Juan Marta , Alfonso Mercedes de Lera , Arenillas Juan F , Olaizola Jon Segurola , Fernández Juan José Timiraos , Sánchez Joaquín , Castellanos-Rodrigo Mar , Roel Alexia , Menéndez Ignacio Casado , Freijo Mar , Rodriguez Alain Luna , Portilla Enrique Palacio , López Yésica Jiménez , Castro Emilio Rodríguez , Rivas Susana Arias , García Javier Tejada , Rodríguez Iria Beltrán , Julián-Villaverde Francisco , García Maria Pilar Moreno , Trejo-Gabriel-Galán José María , Iñiguez Ana Echavarría , Juste Carlos Tejero , Lázaro Cristina Pérez , Moreno Javier Marta , on behalf of the NORDICTUS Investigators  
Published: June 2020

Background and purpose Spain has been one of the countries heavily stricken by COVID-19. But this epidemic has not affected all regions equally. We analyzed the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on hospital stroke admissions and in-hospital mortality in tertiary referral hospitals from North-West Spain. Methods Spanish multicenter retrospective observational study based on data from tertiary hospitals of the NORDICTUS network. We recorded the number of patients admitted for ischemic stroke between 30 December 2019 and 3 May 2020, the number of IVT and EVT procedures, and in-hospital mortality. Results In the study period, 2737 patients were admitted with ischemic stroke. There was a decrease in the weekly mean admitted patients during the pandemic (124 vs. 173, p<0.001). In-hospital mortality of stroke patients increased significantly (9.9% vs. 6.5%, p = 0.003), but there were no differences in the proportion of IVT (17.3% vs. 16.1%, p = 0.405) or EVT (22% vs. 23%, p = 0.504). Conclusion We found a decrease in the number of ischemic stroke admissions and an increase in in-hospital mortality during the COVID-19 epidemic in this large study from North-West Spain. There were regional changes within the network, not fully explained by the severity of the pandemic in different regions.
Haunting and thinking from the Utopian margins: Conversation with Avery Gordon
Authors: Gordon Avery F , Hite Katherine , Jara Daniela 
Published: June 2020

Avery Gordon’s work exceeds the limits of disciplinary boundaries and so does her practice. She uses the term ‘itinerant’ to describe her strategies of inhabiting multidisciplinary spaces and of critiquing the worlds, peripheries and fractures produced by racial capitalism. Gordon moves as an intellectual itinerant, creating multidirectional and interdisciplinary dialogues as a sociology scholar at the University of California, Santa Barbara, while also collaborating with artist. Since 1997, Gordon speaks as a public intellectual on her KCSB FM radio programme, ‘No Alibis’, co-hosted with Elizabeth Robinson. She is also a visiting professor at the Birkbeck School of Law, University of London. In the tradition of critical thinkers, Gordon’s work starts from a sense of urgency, exposed and developed in different ways in her major works, including her path-breaking book Ghostly Matters: Haunting and the Sociological Imagination (University of Minnesota Press), her teaching and writing on prisons and the carceral system, and her most recent book The Hawthorn Archive: Letters from the Utopian Margins (Fordham University Press). In January 2018, we invited Gordon to Santiago, Chile’s Museum of Memory and Human Rights, to deliver the talk, ‘Pensar desde los Márgenes Utópicos/Haunted Futures: The Utopian Margins’. Gordon also took a guided visit through Chile’s Estadio Nacional Memoria Nacional/National Stadium National Memory site. Here is an extended conversation on the topics that frame her work, like ghosts, haunting and utopia, and on questions that emerge from the memory studies field and that are of concern to our special issue.
Analysis of Scapular Muscle EMG Activity During Elastic Resistance Oscillation Exercises From the Perspective of Different Arm Positions
Authors: Tsuruike Masaaki , Ellenbecker Todd S. , Kagaya Yoshinori , Lemings Luke 
Published: June 2020

Background: Little is known about the optimal exercise intensity and the effects of arm position on elastic resistance exercise. The purpose of this study was to investigate scapular muscle activity in different arm positions utilized during standing elastic resistance exercise. Hypothesis: Lower trapezius (LT), serratus anterior (SA), and infraspinatus (IS) muscle activity will vary across arm positions above shoulder level. Also, oscillation resistance exercise will result in increased muscle activity compared with isometric contraction. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Level of Evidence: Level 4. Methods: A total of 19 uninjured male collegiate baseball players volunteered to participate in this study. The electromyography (EMG) activity of the LT, upper trapezius (UT), middle deltoid (MD), SA, and IS muscles was determined using surface EMG in 3 arm positions: diagonal pattern 1 (D1), 120° of shoulder abduction (120), and 90° shoulder abduction with external rotation and elbow flexion (90/90) during both isometric contraction and oscillation resistance exercise. Results: No difference in EMG activity of the LT muscle was found between the 120 and 90/90 position. However, the 120 position increased UT and MD muscle activity significantly more than those of the 90/90 position. The D1 arm position significantly increased SA muscle activity more than the 120 and 90/90 positions while the LT muscle activity was nearly silent. Conclusion: The standing 90/90 position effectively generated both LT and IS muscle EMG activity while minimizing both UT and MD muscle activity. Clinical Relevance: The use of oscillation movements under elastic loading can create high muscle activation in the LT muscle without an adverse effect of the humeral head position and scapular rotation.
Barriers to discontinuing antidepressants in patients with depressive and anxiety disorders: a review of the literature and clinical recommendations
Authors: Scholten Willemijn , Batelaan Neeltje , Van Balkom Anton 
Published: June 2020

Use of antidepressants has recently increased, mainly caused by the increase of long-term users. Although evidence-based indications for long-term use are lacking, it is assumed that long-term use is unnecessary or undesirable in some patients. Perceived barriers to discontinuing antidepressants contribute to unnecessary or undesirable long-term use. Identifying barriers prior to, during and following discontinuation may enable strategies to overcome them. This narrative review summarises relevant qualitative and quantitative articles on perceived barriers to discontinuing antidepressants and provides recommendations for clinical practice. We can conclude that implications for clinical practice are diverse and the most important barriers experienced by patients and physicians include the fear of relapse or recurrence, insufficient evaluation and monitoring, withdrawal symptoms, and actual relapse or recurrence.
Impact of Standardized Patients on First Semester Nursing Students Self-Confidence, Satisfaction, and Communication in a Simulated Clinical Case
Authors: Johnson Kelly V. , Scott Allison L. , Franks Lisa 
Published: June 2020

Background Utilizing standardized patients (SPs) as a strategy to potentially improve beginning level nursing students’ confidence, satisfaction, and communication after simulated clinical cases is an innovative approach in nursing education. Aim The aim of this study was to examine to what extent an SP affected first semester nursing students’ self-confidence, satisfaction, and communication using a simulated clinical case. Methods First semester undergraduate students in a bachelors of nursing program at a large university in the South-Central region of the United States ( N =  100), were randomly assigned to one of the two groups. Each group was assigned the same case using either an SP or high-fidelity manikin. Students completed postsurveys immediately following completion of the simulation. Student’s self-confidence, satisfaction, and communication were measured using the National League for Nursing Student Satisfaction and Self-Confidence in Learning for Nursing Education Research and an SP/Faculty Communication Checklist. Results An independent sample t test comparing the two student groups on each of the outcome variables was conducted for each of the research questions. Students who completed the simulation with an SP, reported greater satisfaction, and improved communication. Student reflective comments were significantly more positive in the SP group. There was no statistical difference between the two groups in self-confidence. Conclusion Further research is needed to determine whether the use of SPs versus high-fidelity manikins in simulated cases results in increased self-confidence in beginning level nursing students. Student satisfaction and communication are key components for nursing student success. The impact of SPs and the effect on student outcomes could have long-term benefits for undergraduate nursing programs.
Neck treatment compared to aerobic exercise in migraine: A preference-based clinical trial
Authors: Luedtke Kerstin , Starke Wiebke , Korn Karolin von , Szikszay Tibor Maximillian , Schwarz Annika , May Arne 
Published: June 2020

Objectives: The main objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness of aerobic exercise with physiotherapy. A second objective was to evaluate whether patients with pain referred to the head during manual palpation will benefit more from physiotherapy than patients with local or no pain. Methods: A total of 103 patients with migraine received physiotherapy ( n = 79) or supervised aerobic exercise ( n = 24) according to their preference as an add-on treatment. Both groups had the same contact time with a specialized physiotherapist. The primary outcome measure was headache frequency during the 4 weeks after the intervention. Eighty-seven patients were analyzed at the primary end point ( n = 69 in the physiotherapy group; n = 18 in the aerobic exercise group). A follow-up assessment was conducted 3 months after the final intervention. Results: During the initial assessment of the upper cervical spine, 17 patients reported no pain, 45 local pain, and 25 referred pain to the head. Patients in the physiotherapy group had a mean reduction of 1.8 days (standard deviation (SD) 6.07), while patients in the aerobic exercise group had a mean reduction of 1.2 days (SD 4.27) at the primary end point. This difference was not statistically significant ( p = 0.8). The largest improvement was noted in the group that showed referred pain to the head and received physiotherapy (2.13 days (SD 7.82)). Only patients in the physiotherapy group reported a subjectively perceived general improvement. Conclusions: Patients had a strong preference for physiotherapy. Both groups showed small reductions in headache frequency. Effects were superior after physiotherapy but not statistically significant. Patients with pain referred to the head responded best to a physiotherapy intervention.
Cellular therapies for graft-versus-host disease: a tale of tissue repair and tolerance
Authors: Voermans Carlijn , Hazenberg Mette D. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The success of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation depends heavily on the delicate balance between the activity of the donor immune system against malignant and nonmalignant cells of the recipient. Abrogation of alloreactivity will lead to disease relapse, whereas untamed allo-immune responses will lead to lethal graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). A number of cell types have been identified that can be used to suppress alloreactive immune cells and prevent lethal GVHD in mice. Of those, mesenchymal stromal cells and, to a lesser extent, regulatory T cells have demonstrated efficacy in humans. Ideally, cellular therapy for GVHD will not affect alloreactive immune responses against tumor cells. The importance of tissue damage in the pathophysiology of GVHD rationalizes the development of cells that support tissue homeostasis and repair, such as innate lymphoid cells. We discuss recent developments in the field of cellular therapy to prevent and treat acute and chronic GVHD, in the context of GVHD pathophysiology.
Deep-learning algorithm helps to standardise ATS/ERS spirometric acceptability and usability criteria
Authors: Das Nilakash , Verstraete Kenneth , Stanojevic Sanja , Topalovic Marko , Aerts Jean-Marie , Janssens Wim 
Published: June 2020

RationaleWhile American Thoracic Society (ATS)/European Respiratory Society (ERS) quality control criteria for spirometry include several quantitative limits, it also requires manual visual inspection. The current approach is time consuming and leads to high intertechnician variability. We propose a deep-learning approach called convolutional neural network (CNN), to standardise spirometric manoeuvre acceptability and usability.Methods and methodsIn 36 873 curves from the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey USA 2011–2012, technicians labelled 54% of curves as meeting ATS/ERS 2005 acceptability criteria with satisfactory start and end of test, but identified 93% of curves with a usable forced expiratory volume in 1 s. We processed raw data into images of maximal expiratory flow–volume curve (MEFVC), calculated ATS/ERS quantifiable criteria and developed CNNs to determine manoeuvre acceptability and usability on 90% of the curves. The models were tested on the remaining 10% of curves. We calculated Shapley values to interpret the models.ResultsIn the test set (n=3738), CNN showed an accuracy of 87% for acceptability and 92% for usability, with the latter demonstrating a high sensitivity (92%) and specificity (96%). They were significantly superior (p<0.0001) to ATS/ERS quantifiable rule-based models. Shapley interpretation revealed MEFVC<1 s (MEFVC pattern within first second of exhalation) and plateau in volume–time were most important in determining acceptability, while MEFVC<1 s entirely determined usability.ConclusionThe CNNs identified relevant attributes in spirometric curves to standardise ATS/ERS manoeuvre acceptability and usability recommendations, and further provides individual manoeuvre feedback. Our algorithm combines the visual experience of skilled technicians and ATS/ERS quantitative rules in automating the critical phase of spirometry quality control.
Oseltamivir and influenza-related complications in children: a retrospective cohort in primary care
Authors: Lee Joseph Jonathan , Smith Margaret , Bankhead Clare , Perera Salazar Rafael , Kousoulis Antonis A. , Butler Christopher C. , Wang Kay 
Published: June 2020

BackgroundInfluenza and influenza-like illness (ILI) place considerable burden on healthcare systems, especially during influenza epidemics and pandemics. During the 2009/10 H1N1 influenza pandemic, UK national guidelines recommended antiviral medications for patients presenting within 72 h of ILI onset. However, it is not clear whether antiviral treatment was associated with reductions in influenza-related complications.MethodsOur study population consisted of a retrospective cohort of children aged ≤17 years who presented with influenza/ILI at UK primary care practices contributing to the Clinical Practice Research Datalink during the 2009/10 pandemic. We used doubly robust inverse-probability weighted propensity scores and physician prior prescribing instrumental variable methods to estimate the causal effect of oseltamivir prescribing on influenza-related complications. Secondary outcomes were complications requiring intervention, pneumonia, pneumonia or hospitalisation, influenza-related hospitalisation and all-cause hospitalisation.ResultsWe included 16 162 children, of whom 4028 (24.9%) were prescribed oseltamivir, and 753 (4.7%) had recorded complications. Under propensity score analyses oseltamivir prescriptions were associated with reduced influenza-related complications (risk difference (RD) −0.015, 95% CI −0.022–−0.008), complications requiring further intervention, pneumonia, pneumonia or hospitalisation and influenza-related hospitalisation, but not all-cause hospitalisation. Adjusted instrumental variable analyses estimated reduced influenza-related complications (RD −0.032, 95% CI −0.051–−0.013), pneumonia or hospitalisation, all-cause and influenza-related hospitalisations.ConclusionsBased on causal inference analyses of observational data, oseltamivir treatment in children with influenza/ILI was associated with a small but statistically significant reduction in influenza-related complications during an influenza pandemic.