bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An In Vivo Method for Diversifying the Functions of Therapeutic Antibodies
Authors: Tian Ming , Cheng Hwei-Ling , Kimble Michael T. , McGovern Kelly , Waddicor Peyton , Chen Yiwei , Cantor Elizabeth , Qiu Mengting , Tuchel Marie-Elen , Dao Mai , Alt Frederick W. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractV(D)J recombination generates mature B cells that express huge repertoires of primary antibodies as diverse immunoglobulin heavy (IgH) and light chains (IgL) of their B cell antigen receptors (BCRs). Cognate antigen binding to BCR variable region domains activates B cells into the germinal center (GC) reaction in which somatic hypermutation (SHM) modifies primary variable region-encoding sequences, with subsequent selection for mutations that improve antigen-binding affinity, ultimately leading to antibody affinity maturation. Based on these principles, we developed a humanized mouse model approach to diversify an anti-PD1 therapeutic antibody and allow isolation of variants with novel properties. In this approach, component Ig gene segments of the anti-PD1 antibody underwentde novoV(D)J recombination to diversify the anti-PD1 antibody in the primary antibody repertoire in the mouse models. Immunization of these mouse models further modifies the anti-PD1 antibodies through SHM. Known anti-PD1 antibodies block interaction of PD1 with its ligands to alleviate PD1-mediated T cell suppression, thereby boosting anti-tumor T cell responses. By diversifying one such anti-PD1 antibody, we derived many new anti-PD1 antibodies, including anti-PD1 antibodies with the opposite activity of enhancing PD1/ligand interaction. Such antibodies theoretically might suppress deleterious T cell activities in autoimmune diseases. The approach we describe should be generally applicable for diversifying other therapeutic antibodies.Significance StatementThe immune system is capable of producing enormous varieties of antibodies to counter pathogenic infections. In this study, we devised a method to harness the power of the immune system to produce potentially therapeutic antibodies. As a test, we used this method to generate antibodies against the human PD1 molecule, a negative regulator of T cell activity. Available anti-PD1 therapeutic antibodies inhibit the function of PD1, thereby boosting T cell activity against tumor cells. Through our approach, we diversified one such anti-PD1 antibody in our mouse models. From this work, we obtained multiple new anti-PD1 antibodies, some of which can stimulate, rather than inhibit, PD1 functionin vitro. Such PD1 stimulatory antibodies could potentially be used to suppress pathogenic T cell activities in autoimmune diseases. This method could be used to diversify the functions of other therapeutic antibodies.
BRCA1-BARD1 regulates transcription through modulating topoisomerase IIβ
Authors: Jeong Jaehyeon , Kang Keunsoo , Jo Doo Sin , Cong Anh TQ , Kim Donguk , Cho Dong-Hyung , Schellenberg Matthew J , Calderwood Stuart K. , Chen Benjamin P.C. , Bunch Heeyoun 
Published: December 2020

AbstractRNA polymerase II (Pol II)-dependent transcription in stimulus-inducible genes requires topoisomerase IIβ (TOP2B)-mediated DNA strand break and the activation of DNA damage response signaling in humans. Here, we report a novel function of thebreastcancer 1 (BRCA1)-BRCA1associatedringdomain1(BARD1) complex, in this process. We found that BRCA1 is phosphorylated at S1524 by the kinases ATM and ATR during gene activation and that this event is essential for productive transcription. Ourin vitrobiochemical analyses showed TOP2B and BARD1 interaction and colocalization in theEGR1transcription start site (TSS) and that the BRCA1-BARD1 complex ubiquitinates TOP2B, which appears to stabilize TOP2B protein in the cell and binding to DNA. Intriguingly, BRCA1 phosphorylation at S1524 controls this interaction. In addition, genomic analyses indicated colocalization between TOP2B and BRCA1 in a large number of protein-coding genes. Together, these findings reveal the novel function of the BRCA1-BARD1 complex in gene expression and in the regulation of TOP2B during Pol II transcription.Significance StatementMaintaining genomic integrity against cellular and extracellular genotoxic elements is essential for normal cell growth and function. Recent studies indicated that stimulus-induced transcription provokes topoisomerase IIβ-mediated DNA strand break and DNA damage response signaling, requiring DNA repair to be coupled with transcription. Here, we present a novel role for the BRCA1-BARD1 complex in regulating the transcription of serum-inducible genes and the stability of topoisomerase IIβ. The mechanism involving topoisomerase IIβ ubiquitination by the BRCA1-BARD1 complex and the phosphorylation of BRCA1 S1524 upon transcriptional activation appears to function as a switch to the reaction. Our findings provide the first evidence of functional interaction between the BRCA1-BARD1 complex and topoisomerase IIβ in transcription in humans.
Antiproliferative Effect ofEpilobium parviflorumExtracts on Colorectal Cancer Cell Line HT-29
Authors: Akbudak M. Aydın , Sut Tevhide , Eruygur Nuraniye , Akinci Ersin 
Published: December 2020

AbstractTheEpilobiumspecies are rich in various active phytochemicals and have seen wide use in folk medicine to treat several diseases. The present study exhibited the antiproliferative activity of aqueous and ethanolicEpilobium parviflorumextracts in a colon cancer cell line, HT-29 cells. Both types of extracts reduced the cell viability of HT-29 cells in a dose-dependent manner. A gene expression analysis of the HT-29 cells demonstrated an increase in apoptotic genes,Caspase-3andCaspase-8. Nuclear fragmentation of the apoptotic cells was also demonstrated through TUNEL assay and immunostaining experiments. On the other hand, the same lethal concentrations of theE. parviflorumextracts did not significantly affect a non-cancerous human fibroblast cell line, BJ cells. Our results confirmed that aqueous and ethanolicE. parviflorumextracts can eliminate proliferation of human colorectal carcinoma cellsin vitro.E. parviflorummay have the potential to become a therapeutic agent against colon cancers.
Further fresh and general traveling wave solutions to some fractional order nonlinear evolution equations in mathematical physics
Authors: Islam Tarikul , Akter Armina 
Published: December 2020

PurposeFractional order nonlinear evolution equations (FNLEEs) pertaining to conformable fractional derivative are considered to be revealed for well-furnished analytic solutions due to their importance in the nature of real world. In this article, the autors suggest a productive technique, called the rational fractional (DξαG/G)-expansion method, to unravel the nonlinear space-time fractional potential Kadomtsev–Petviashvili (PKP) equation, the nonlinear space-time fractional Sharma–Tasso–Olver (STO) equation and the nonlinear space-time fractional Kolmogorov–Petrovskii–Piskunov (KPP) equation. A fractional complex transformation technique is used to convert the considered equations into the fractional order ordinary differential equation. Then the method is employed to make available their solutions. The constructed solutions in terms of trigonometric function, hyperbolic function and rational function are claimed to be fresh and further general in closed form. These solutions might play important roles to depict the complex physical phenomena arise in physics, mathematical physics and engineering.Design/methodology/approachThe rational fractional (DξαG/G)-expansion method shows high performance and might be used as a strong tool to unravel any other FNLEEs. This method is of the form U(ξ)=∑i=0nai(DξαG/G)i/∑i=0nbi(DξαG/G)i.FindingsAchieved fresh and further abundant closed form traveling wave solutions to analyze the inner mechanisms of complex phenomenon in nature world which will bear a significant role in the of research and will be recorded in the literature.Originality/valueThe rational fractional (DξαG/G)-expansion method shows high performance and might be used as a strong tool to unravel any other FNLEEs. This method is newly established and productive.
An evaluation of online architectural design studios during COVID-19 outbreak
Authors: Ceylan Salih , Şahin Pınar , Seçmen Serengül , Somer Melek Elif , Süher Kemal H. 
Published: December 2020

PurposeWhile the COVID-19 outbreak affects all aspects of life in the world, there is also a global impact in the field of education. Within the scope of the measures to control the epidemic, distance education was started shortly after the starting of the spring semester in all primary and secondary schools and universities. In this process, architectural design courses, which are one of the most fundamental courses of architectural education, started to be held in online studios. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the evaluations of architecture students about the online design studio courses carried out during the COVID-19 outbreak.Design/methodology/approachThis research used a qualitative approach to evaluate the ideas of first, second, third and fourth grade students of architectural design studios in the host university. A questionnaire was directed to students in order to see their opinions about the online design studio education.FindingsResults shows that students think the most prominent benefit of online studios appears in the use of digital tools. Another important result is that if they are equipped with the necessary tools and given the chance to realize themselves, students can work efficiently even in the distance education process.Originality/valueThis study is important in terms of learning the expectations of students from the online process and to identify important issues that should be considered for the next semesters. In addition, this study will serve as a basis for comparative evaluation of architectural education during and after the epidemic. In this context, the study will shed light on future academic research.
A driver or a placebo? The role of financial support in farmer cooperative development in China
Authors: Liang Qiao , Xu Yining , Wang Xinxin , Jin Songqing 
Published: December 2020

PurposeThis paper explores the effect of financial support on farmer cooperative development in the Chinese context, aiming to evaluate the effectiveness of public inputs and draw implications for the sustainable development of cooperatives. The variance of the effect in different sectors, i.e. crop, forestry, husbandry, fishery and services, is investigated.Design/methodology/approachProvincial-level panel data from 2007 to 2017 are used for this study. A linear dynamic panel regression model is estimated using multiple estimation methods, i.e. the generalized method of moments (GMMs), fixed-effect model and ordinary least squares (OLS) are applied.FindingsThe empirical analyses indicate that the role of the government is important for the development of farmer cooperatives but limited in some specific aspects. First, the coverage of financial support is positively associated with the growth of cooperative population and membership size, but the strength of financial support, measured by the total amount of financial support divided by local agricultural gross domestic product (GDP), has no statistically significant effects on the development of cooperatives. Second, financial support does not exhibit significant influence on the revenue of cooperatives. Third, the magnitude of the effect of government support on cooperative development is heterogeneous across different sectors.Originality/valueThe research study adds to the institutional economics literature on the association between institutional environment and organization development by focusing on a particular and an important type of organization, i.e. farmer cooperatives. It is one of the attempts and a most extensive study to empirically investigate the role of financial support in the development of farmer cooperatives.
Financing eco-projects: analysis of factors influencing the success of crowdfunding campaigns
Authors: Prędkiewicz Katarzyna , Kalinowska-Beszczyńska Olga 
Published: December 2020

PurposeThis research identifies and explains the key factors influencing the success of crowdfunding campaigns for eco-projects with the objective of detecting the types of eco-projects that may be most successful in raising funds.Design/methodology/approachThe authors examined over 100 crowdfunding platforms (donation, reward and equity types) and selected 41 active eco-projects for further analysis. Data were collected from the selected platforms on ongoing and historical campaigns. The final sample was derived from observations of 139 eco-projects across 11 reward-based crowdfunding platforms. Logit models on variables related to the type of eco-innovation and characteristics of the campaign were used.FindingsThe results suggest that if they are treated as homogenous group eco-projects, they are no different than other types of projects present on a crowdfunding platform. However, variations are observed when they are divided into subcategories. The authors confirm that updates (positive), comments (positive) and targeted amount (negative) have the strongest impact on the success rate of crowdfunding for eco-projects. The authors observed a higher probability of success for projects aimed at saving water resources. Moreover, the findings suggest that emotional narratives do not increase chances of success for crowdfunding of eco-projects.Originality/valueThe authors aim to contribute to the ongoing discussion on whether there is a positive relationship between environmentally focused projects and the success rate. Providing a better understanding of the factors impacting the success rate of eco-projects should help future campaigns' success, contributing to a sustainable society.
Gender and firm innovation - A systematic literature review and future research agenda
Authors: TM Arun , Joseph Rojers P. 
Published: December 2020

PurposeThis paper presents a systematic review of 94 research articles in the domain of gender and firm innovation to map the area and infer future research avenues. The literature captured in this review includes seven theoretical, 16 qualitative and 71 quantitative studies from over 50 journals, examining the role of gender in firm innovation in over 100 countries.Design/methodology/approachThis research utilises a reproducible systematic literature review process to identify prominent theoretical and empirical studies.FindingsThe findings suggest that the area is growing and presents interesting opportunities. However, it is observed that empirical investigations are primarily influenced by literature from the Anglo-Saxon areas and give little attention to contextual intricacies of emerging market countries. Among quantitative studies, three main themes of gender are addressed unevenly. They are Top Management Team (TMT) diversity level, R&D team diversity level and individual entrepreneur level studies. Six interesting research avenues are proposed as a major outcome of the review.Originality/valueThis review is one of the first of its kind to extensively review the literature of gender and firm-level innovation. The review consolidates and widens the understanding of the relationship between gender variables and firm innovation-related variables to advance the discussion in the domain by presenting research gaps and questions gleaned from the articles. To this end, the review presents six promising research avenues in the area of gender and firm innovation.
Entrepreneurial strategy making in tourism organisations: a systematic review and future research agenda
Authors: Kearney Arthur , Harrington Denis , Rajwani Tazeeb 
Published: December 2020

PurposeUsing a state of the art CIMO literature review the paper develops a framework of the relationship between strategy making in the small tourism firm context and four performance outcomes.Design/methodology/approachThe paper uses the CIMO literature review method, adapted from the wider management literature to structure and integrate the existing fragmented literature base.FindingsPremised on the literature review, a framework of the relationship between strategy making and firm performance in context is posited. Emerging from a dominant owner/manager in a deeply embedded context strategy making influences firm performance across four dimensions. The influence is dynamic, continually subject to modification in a changing environment often mediated through emerging technology.Research limitations/implicationsThe CIMO method provides an integrated framework of the relationship between strategy making and small firm performance in context hence overcoming limitations of the fragmented nature of the research landscape. Emerging from the review key future research trajectories is posited.Practical implicationsWhile highlighting the relationship between strategy making and performance, the proposed framework implies owner/managers play the key role in strategy making with opportunities and challenges in modifying existing strategy making emerging from owner/manager embeddedness. Opportunities for improved policy interventions are posited.Originality/valueThe paper applies the systematic review to the relationship between strategy making and the small tourism firm.
Are prison-based therapeutic communities effective? Challenges and considerations
Authors: Richardson Jade , Zini Valentina 
Published: December 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to detail the impact and efficacy of Her Majesty’s Prison and Probation Service ((HMPPS) Therapeutic Communities (TCs) (both democratic and hierarchical). This paper outlines recent developments in the TC literature, to provide readers with an up-to-date overview of the outcomes of prison-based TC treatment, while highlighting the strengths and challenges of this treatment approach. Trends within the research are discussed, and the authors draw attention to any gaps in the current knowledge.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper uses a narrative literature review approach to review the most current literature around the effectiveness of prison-based TCs in HMPPS. Academic literature published predominantly from 2010 onwards is discussed because of limited literature review publications on this topic post-2010. To obtain literature, searches of relevant databases were conducted, and/or clinical leads at prison sites were contacted for relevant publications.

Findings
There is a body of research which demonstrates that TCs are an effective form of treatment for people with an offending history and personality difficulties. Evidence indicates that Democratic TC treatment plays a part in reducing reoffending rates, as well as improving psychological features. Further research is needed in a number of areas, specifically with female offenders and individuals who undertake treatment in hierarchical TCs in the UK. It is also suggested that TC treatment aftercare may help to further the positive outcomes identified.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, there is no up-to-date review of the impact and efficacy of HMPPS TC treatment. This paper reflects on available research within the current context of TC treatment and provides an original overview of the current UK TC practice. It has value in recommending areas for further research and consideration.
Pushing the boundaries: experience-based learning in early phases of graduate sustainability curricula
Authors: Birdman Jodie , Redman Aaron , Lang Daniel J. 
Published: December 2020

PurposeThis paper aims to investigate student experiences and the potential impact of experience-based learning (EBL) in the early phase of graduate sustainability programs through the lens of key competencies. The goal is to provide evidence for the improvement of existing and the thorough design of new EBL formats in sustainability programs.Design/methodology/approachThis comparative case study focuses on the first semester of three graduate sustainability programs at Leuphana University of Lüneburg, Germany and Arizona State University, USA, for two of which EBL was a core feature. The study compares the curricula, the teaching and learning environments and the reported experiences of one student cohort from each of three programs and synthesizes the resulting insights. Student interviews were combined with student self-assessments and supported by in-vivo observations, curriculum designer input, instructor interviews and course materials. MAXQDA was used for data analysis following a grounded theory approach.FindingsEBL influences students’ reflective capacity, which impacts the development of key competencies in sustainability. Qualitative analysis found four key themes in relation to the students’ learning in EBL settings, namely, discomfort, time-attention relationship, student expectations of instructors and exchange. The intersection of these themes with curricular structure, student dispositions and differing instructor approaches shows how curriculum can either support or interrupt the reflective cycle and thus, holistic learning.Research limitations/implicationsWith the focus on the first semester only, the students’ competence development over the course of the entire program cannot be demonstrated. Learning processes within EBL settings are complex and include aspects outside the control of instructors and curriculum designers. This study addresses only a select number of factors influencing students’ learning in EBL settings.Practical implicationsEarly engagement with EBL activities can push students to leave their comfort zones and question previous assumptions. Designing curricula to include EBL while encouraging strong intra-cohort connections and creating space for reflection seems to be an effective approach to enable the development of key competencies in sustainability.Originality/valueThis paper investigates the experiences of students in EBL through a key competence lens. The study combines student self-perceptions, instructor reflections and in-vivo observations. Data collection and analysis were conducted by a researcher not affiliated with the programs. These factors make for a unique study design and with data-driven insights on the seldom researched competence-pedagogy-curriculum connection.
Muslims’ travel decision-making to non-Islamic destinations: perspectives from information-seeking models and theory of planned behavior
Authors: Adel Ahmed M. , Dai Xin , Roshdy Rana S. , Yan Chenfeng 
Published: December 2020

Purpose
The present research extends the existing literature of halal tourism and Muslims’ travel decision-making by applying information-seeking models and the planned behavior theory to identify the process of decision-making to travel to non-Islamic destinations. This study aims to identify the views of Muslim travelers who traveled before to non-Islamic destinations to evaluate their information search experience and how their travel decision is formed.

Design/methodology/approach
Semi-structured interviews are conducted with a sample of Muslim travelers who visited a non-Islamic destination during the past five years. Data saturation resulted in 17 interviewees from different Islamic destinations, namely, Egypt, Morocco, Sudan and Pakistan.

Findings
Muslim interviewees indicate the relative importance of reference groups compared to the government websites as a source of information. This study concludes some remarkable results regarding the importance of some halal marketing strategies such as halal searchability and availability, halal certification and appraisal, halal at airports and halal hotels. It presents an emergent framework that shows the factors affecting visiting a non-Islamic destination regarding halal issues for Muslim travelers.

Practical implications
It provides destinations’ official tourism managers with various strategies to brand their destinations as Muslim-friendly destinations.

Originality/value
Investigating the process of decision-making of traveling to non-Islamic destinations from Muslim travelers’ perspective is limited. Examining the role of information-seeking behavior in Muslim travelers’ decision-making is scarce.