bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Penetrable Nanoplatform for “Cold” Tumor Immune Microenvironment Reeducation
Authors: Chen Qinjun , He Yongqing , Wang Yu , Li Chao , Zhang Yujie , Guo Qin , Zhang Yiwen , Chu Yongchao , Liu Peixin , Chen Hongyi , Zhou Zheng , Zhou Wenxi , Zhao Zhenhao , Li Xiaomin , Sun Tao , Jiang Chen 
Published: July 2020

AbstractLack of tumor‐infiltration lymphocytes (TILs) and resistances by overexpressed immunosuppressive cells (principally, myeloid‐derived suppressor cells (MDSCs)) in tumor milieu are two major challenges hindering the effectiveness of immunotherapy for “immune‐cold” tumors. In addition, the natural physical barrier existing in solid cancer also limits deeper delivery of drugs. Here, a tumor‐targeting and light‐responsive‐penetrable nanoplatform (Apt/PDGs^s@pMOF) is developed to elicit intratumoral infiltration of cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) and reeducate immunosuppressive microenvironment simultaneously. In particular, porphyrinic metal–organic framework (pMOF)–based photodynamic therapy (PDT) induces tumor immunogenic cell death (ICD) to promote CTLs intratumoral infiltration and hot “immune‐cold” tumor. Upon being triggered by PDT, the nearly 10 nm adsorbed drug‐loaded dendrimer de‐shields from the nanoplatform and spreads into the deeper tumor, eliminating MDSCs and reversing immunosuppression, eventually reinforcing immune response. Meanwhile, the designed nanoplatform also has a systemic MDSC inhibition effect and moderate improvement of overall antitumor immune responses, resulting in effective suppression of distal tumors within less significant immune‐related adverse effects (irAEs) induced.
Utilizing soil phosphorus and potassium reserves for soybean production on a claypan soil
Authors: Sweeney Daniel W. , Ruiz Diaz Dorivar A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractUnder temporary economic stress, producers may elect to grow crops without fertilization. However, information is lacking regarding crop and soil response to growing multiple crops without phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) fertilization on claypan soils in the eastern Great Plains. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of utilizing soil‐test P (STP) and soil‐test K (STK) reserves on yield of 5‐yr continuous soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] grown on a claypan soil and on soil‐test values. In the first two low‐yielding years, soybean yield and yield components were unaffected by STP and STK concentrations. In the subsequent three average‐yielding years, soybean yields were up to 0.35 Mg ha−1 less when STP was initially 5 mg kg−1 or STK was initially 57 mg kg−1 than at greater STP or STK. Greater STP increased pods plant−1, whereas greater STK increased pods plant−1, seed pod−1, and seed weight. Even though P and K uptake at R2 (full bloom) did not correlate directly with yields, greater P uptake at R2 in average‐yielding years increased pods plant−1 and greater K uptake at R2 increased seed pod−1. Both STP and STK declined at more than 3 mg kg−1 yr−1 for larger initial STP and 15 mg kg−1 yr−1 for larger initial STK. While using residual soil P and K of varying concentrations in this claypan soil to grow soybeans marginally affected yields, the 5‐yr decline in STP and STK values may greatly affect subsequent sensitive crops and require high rates of fertilization.
Muscle force interacts with stature to influence functionally related polar second moments of area in the lower limb among adult women
Authors: Murray Alison A. , Stock Jay T. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectivesWe sought to determine the relationships between muscle size, function, and polar second moments of area (J) at the midshaft femur, proximal tibia, and midshaft tibia.Materials and MethodsWe used peripheral quantitative computed tomography to quantify right femoral and tibial J and soft tissue cross‐sectional areas, and force plate mechanography to quantify peak power output and maximum force of the right limb, among athletic women and control subjects.ResultsLower limb bone J exhibited strong relationships with estimated force but not power between both groups. Among controls, the strongest relationships between force and J were found at the midshaft femur. Among athletes, these relationships shifted to the tibia, regardless of body size, likely reflecting functional strain related to the major knee extensors and ankle plantarflexors. Together, muscle force and stature explained as much as 82 and 48% of the variance in lower limb bone J among controls and athletes, respectively.DiscussionResults highlight the importance of considering relevant muscle function variables (e.g., force and lever arm lengths) when interpreting behavioral signatures from skeletal remains. Future work to improve the estimation of muscle force from skeletal remains, and incorporate it with lever arm length into analyses, is warranted. Results also suggest that, in doing so, functional relationships between a given section location and musculature should be considered.
Quantifizierung der kovalenten Funktionalisierung von schwarzem Phosphor
Authors: Wild Stefan , Dinh Xuan Thong , Maid Harald , Hauke Frank , Abellán Gonzalo , Hirsch Andreas 
Published: July 2020

AbstractEs wurde eine direkte Quantifizierungsmethode zur systematischen Bestimmung des Funktionalisierungsgrades von kovalent modifiziertem zweidimensionalem (2D) schwarzen Phosphor (BP) mittels Raman‐Spektroskopie durchgeführt. Die erfolgreiche reduktive Methylierung des BP‐Gitters mit unterschiedlichen Funktionalisierungsgraden unter Verwendung von Natrium‐Interkalationsverbindungen wurde mittels31P‐MAS‐Festkörper‐NMR‐Spektroskopie nachgewiesen. Darüber hinaus ergab die Korrelation von31P‐MAS NMR‐Spektroskopie und statistischer Raman‐Spektroskopie (SRS) die erste Methode zur Bestimmung des Funktionalisierungsgrades von BP allein durch die Evaluierung der Intensitätsverhältnisse bestimmter Peaks in den Raman‐Spektren des kovalent modifizierten Materials, ähnlich dem bekanntenID/IG‐Verhältnisses in der Graphen‐Forschung.
A Mitochondrion‐Localized Two‐Photon Photosensitizer Generating Carbon Radicals Against Hypoxic Tumors
Authors: Kuang Shi , Sun Lingli , Zhang Xianrui , Liao Xinxing , Rees Thomas W. , Zeng Leli , Chen Yu , Zhang Xiting , Ji Liangnian , Chao Hui 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe efficacy of photodynamic therapy is typically reliant on the local concentration and diffusion of oxygen. Due to the hypoxic microenvironment found in solid tumors, oxygen‐independent photosensitizers are in great demand for cancer therapy. We herein report an iridium(III) anthraquinone complex as a mitochondrion‐localized carbon‐radical initiator. Its emission is turned on under hypoxic conditions after reduction by reductase. Furthermore, its two‐photon excitation properties (λex=730 nm) are highly desirable for imaging. Upon irradiation, the reduced form of the complex generates carbon radicals, leading to a loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and cell death (IC50light=2.1 μm, IC50dark=58.2 μm, PI=27.7). The efficacy of the complex as a PDT agent was also demonstrated under hypoxic conditions in vivo. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first metal‐complex‐based theranostic agent which can generate carbon radicals for oxygen‐independent two‐photon photodynamic therapy.
On the Promotion of Catalytic Reactions by Surface Acoustic Waves
Authors: von Boehn Bernhard , Foerster Michael , von Boehn Moritz , Prat Jordi , Macià Ferran , Casals Blai , Khaliq Muhammad Waqas , Hernández‐Mínguez Alberto , Aballe Lucia , Imbihl Ronald 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSurface acoustic waves (SAW) allow to manipulate surfaces with potential applications in catalysis, sensor and nanotechnology. SAWs were shown to cause a strong increase in catalytic activity and selectivity in many oxidation and decomposition reactions on metallic and oxidic catalysts. However, the promotion mechanism has not been unambiguously identified. Using stroboscopic X‐ray photoelectron spectro‐microscopy, we were able to evidence a sub‐nanosecond work function change during propagation of 500 MHz SAWs on a 9 nm thick platinum film. We quantify the work function change to 455 μeV. Such a small variation rules out that electronic effects due to elastic deformation (strain) play a major role in the SAW‐induced promotion of catalysis. In a second set of experiments, SAW‐induced intermixing of a five monolayers thick Rh film on top of polycrystalline platinum was demonstrated to be due to enhanced thermal diffusion caused by an increase of the surface temperature by about 75 K when SAWs were excited. Reversible surface structural changes are suggested to be a major cause for catalytic promotion.
An empirically derived model for further increasing microwave curing rates of epoxy‐amine polymerizations
Authors: Hubbard Robert L. , Tyler David R. , Thompson Brady 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe reaction rates of common epoxy resins with diamine crosslinking agents in uniform microwave fields have been compared according to a variety of structural features. A statistically designed experimental matrix was used to determine that the curing rates were linearly dependent on only two significant variables, amine basicity, and degrees of rotational freedom (entropy) of the reactants. Surprisingly, the molecular polarizability, which is commonly understood to be responsible for the transfer of microwave electromagnetic energy to molecules with permanent dipoles, had no significant effect even as a dependent variable. A very high probability model was produced that accurately predicts the reactivities of epoxide and diamine reactants with respect to specific structural features. Further evidence is provided for a dominant linear pregelation polymerization and a uniform microwave reaction field.
Effect of tertiary polysiloxane on the phase separation and properties of epoxy/PEI blend
Authors: Zhen Xueqian , Li Weizhen , Wu Jiaming , Jin Xulong , Wu Jiating , Chen Kaimin , Gan Wenjun 
Published: July 2020

AbstractEpoxy functional siloxane (DMS‐E09) was blended with epoxy resin (DGEBA) and thermoplastic polyetherimide (PEI). The results of morphology monitoring indicated that the reaction induced phase separation for all blends followed the spinodal phase separation mechanism. The microstructure changed from co‐continuous of 25 wt% epoxy/PEI system to phase‐inversion structure of 30 wt% epoxy/PEI system regardless of the content of the tertiary component DMS‐E09. By comparing the onset time of phase separation between the two designated systems, the sequential occurrence of primary macrophase separation in co‐continuous phase and secondary microphase separation in PEI‐rich phase for 25 wt% epoxy/PEI system was identified. Studies of the thermomechanical properties of the DGEBA/PEI/DMS‐E09 blends found that storage modulus increased with the addition of PEI but decreased with DMS‐E09 monotonically. The value of Tg decreased with the addition of the tertiary DMS‐E09 but was offset partially by the presence of PEI.
Compatibility improvement of poly(lactic acid)/thermoplastic starch blown films using acetylated starch
Authors: Noivoil Narumol , Yoksan Rangrong 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe present research aims to improve the compatibility between relatively hydrophobic poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and hydrophilic thermoplastic starch (TPS) and the properties of the PLA/TPS blends by replacing TPS from native cassava starch (TPSN) with TPS from acetylated starch (TPSA). The effects of the degree of acetylation (DA) of acetylated starch, that is, 0.021, 0.031, and 0.074, on the morphological characteristics and properties of PLA/TPS blend are investigated. The melt blends of PLA and TPS with a weight proportion of PLA:TPS of 50:50 are fabricated and then blown into films. Scanning electron microscopy confirms the dispersion of TPS phase in the PLA matrix. Better dispersion and smaller size of the TPS phase are observed for the PLA/TPSA blend films with low DA of acetylated starch, resulting in improved tensile and barrier properties and increased storage modulus, thermal stability, and Tg, Tcc, and Tm of PLA. Elongation at break of the PLA/TPSA blend increases up to 57%, whereas its water vapor permeability and oxygen permeability decrease about 15%. The obtained PLA/TPSA blend films have the potential to be applied as biodegradable flexible packaging.
Si/CNTs@melamine‐formaldehyde resin‐based carbon composites and its improved energy storage performances
Authors: Zhao Shuo , Zhang Mingsheng , Xian Xiaochao 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this paper, Si/carbon nanotubes@melamine‐formaldehyde resin (MFR)‐based carbon (Si/CNTs@C) composites have been fabricated by surface modification, electrostatic self‐assembly, cross‐linking of MFR under hydrothermal treatment and further carbonization. The microstructure of the Si/CNTs@C composites was characterized, and the effects of CNTs content in Si/CNTs@C composites on their electrochemical performances were also investigated in detail. The results indicate Si/CNTs@C composites as anode materials of Li‐ion batteries exhibit better high‐rate and cycling performances compared to Si and Si@MFR‐based carbon composites. Notably, Si/CNTs@C composites with 10.4 wt% CNTs show specific capacities of 1900, 1879, 1,688, 1,394, 1,189 mAh·g−1at 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2, and 3 A·g−1, respectively. Even at 4 and 5 A·g−1, their capacities still reach 970 and 752 mAh·g−1, respectively. Moreover, they deliver a reversible capacity of 1,184 mAh·g−1at 0.5 A·g−1after 100 cycles. Therefore, the reasonable structure is of great significance for enhancing the electrochemical performances of Si‐based composites.
Magnetic Relaxation Dynamics of a Binuclear Diluted Er(III)/Y(III) Compound Influenced by Lattice Solvent
Authors: Ge Jing‐Yuan , Qiu Ya‐Ru , Wang Hai‐Ying , Su Jian , Wang Peng , Chen Zhongyan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIt is crucial to investigate the slow relaxation mechanisms of binuclear ErIII‐based single‐molecule magnets (SMMs) and explore strategies for optimizing their magnetic properties. Herein, a doped compound, [Y1.75Er0.25(thd)4Pc] ⋅ 2C6H6 (YEr ⋅ 2C6H6, Hthd=2,2,6,6‐tetramethylheptanedione, H2Pc=phthalocyanine), was synthesized by doping the paramagnetic erbium(III) compound Er2 ⋅ 2C6H6 in the diamagnetic yttrium(III) matrix Y2 ⋅ 2C6H6. The doping effect was studied using SQUID magnetization measurements. The results suggest that magnetic‐site dilution improves the magnetic property from a fast relaxation of the pure ErIII compound to a typical SMM relaxation process of the doped sample. In this binuclear system, the dominant single‐ion relaxation is entangled with the neighboring ErIII ion through the intramolecular ErIII⋅⋅⋅ErIII interaction, which plays an important role in suppressing the quantum tunneling of the magnetization (QTM) process. Furthermore, the influence of lattice solvents on single‐ion relaxation was studied. By releasing the benzene molecules, compound YEr ⋅ 2C6H6 can be successfully transformed to a desolvated sample YEr accompanied by structural alteration and improved SMM performance.
Simultaneous quantification of vortioxetine, fluoxetine and their metabolites in rat plasma by UPLC–MS/MS
Authors: Wang Qiong , Chen Zhe , Chen Dingwen , Luo Shunbin , Xie Lingping 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this study, a specific and quick ultra‐performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC–MS/MS) method was fully developed and validated for simultaneous measurement of the rat plasma levels of vortioxetine (VOR), Lu AA34443 (the major metabolite of VOR), fluoxetine and its metabolite norfluoxetine with diazepam as the internal standard (IS). After a simple protein precipitation with acetonitrile for sample preparation, the separation of the analytes were performed on an Acquity UPLC BEH C18 (2.1 × 50 mm, 1.7 μm) column, with acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid in water as mobile phase by gradient elution. The detection was achieved on a triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer by multiple reaction monitoring mode via an electrospray ionization source. Good linearity was observed in the calibration curve for each analyte. The data of precision, accuracy, matrix effect, recovery and stability all conformed to the bioanalytical method validation of acceptance criteria of US Food and Drug Administration recommendations. The newly developed UPLC–MS/MS method allowed simultaneous quantification of VOR, fluoxetine and their metabolites for the first time and was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study in rats.
Performance variables of GSCM for sustainability in Indian automobile organizations using TOPSIS method
Authors: Pathak Deepak Kumar , Verma Ajay , Kumar Vimal 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe article aims to identify key performance variables of green supply chain management (GSCM) practices to achieve sustainable development goals. It develops a comprehensive structural relationship between various performance variables for GSCM for sustainability in Indian automobile industries. With the help of expert opinions from industry professionals and extant literature review, 15 key performance variables have been identified and stated as these variables attempt to achieve the sustainability goals in GSCM practices. The Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to the Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method is employed to develop the model and then rank them. The results of this study show that supplier willingness towards GSCM, Adoption of technology advancement adoption, and top management commitment have emerged as top three key variables, while organizational motivating, encouragement of sustainable product, and government support systems are identified as the bottom three parameters. It also helps to achieve the priority basis to create a greener platform in the automobile industry. The study helps the managers, practitioners, and policymakers in making strategic and tactical decisions for better sustainability in the Indian Automobile industries in the context of GSCM practices. The critical inputs show the GSCM in the firms being more proactive and well prepared. The novelty of this research lies in the requirement of GSCM as most automobile companies set up their plants for awareness of economic, social, and environmental development. The performance variable identified to improve organizational performance to contribute to sustainable development improvements in the practices and policies.
Usher syndrome and Nebulin‐associated myopathy in a single patient due to variants in MYO7A and NEB
Authors: Maia Nuno , Soares Ana Rita , Fortuna Ana Maria , Marques Isabel , Gonçalves Ana , Santos Rosário , Melo Pires Manuel , de Brouwer Arjan P. M. , Jorge Paula 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn a patient with Usher syndrome and atypical muscle complaints, we have identified two separate variants in MYO7A andNEB genes by exome sequencing. The homozygous variants in these two recessive genes could explain the full phenotype of our patient.
MUC1 Aptamer‐Capped Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for Navitoclax Resistance Overcoming in Triple‐Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Vivo‐Llorca Gema , Candela‐Noguera Vicente , Alfonso María , García‐Fernández Alba , Orzáez Mar , Sancenón Félix , Martínez‐Máñez Ramón 
Published: July 2020

AbstractTriple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive breast cancer subtype. In the last years, navitoclax has emerged as a possible treatment for TNBC. Nevertheless, rapid navitoclax resistance onset has been observed thorough Mcl‐1 overexpression. As a strategy to overcome Mcl‐1‐mediated resistance, herein we present a controlled drug co‐delivery system based on mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) targeted to TNBC cells. The nanocarrier is loaded with navitoclax and the Mcl‐1 inhibitor S63845 and capped with a MUC1‐targeting aptamer (apMUC1‐MSNs(Nav/S63845)). The apMUC1‐capped nanoparticles effectively target TNBC cell lines and successfully induce apoptosis, overcoming navitoclax resistance. Moreover, navitoclax encapsulation protects platelets against apoptosis. These results point apMUC1‐gated MSNs as suitable BH3 mimetics nanocarriers in the targeted treatment of MUC1‐expressing TNBC.
Selective Detection of Methomyl Pesticide by a Catalytic Chemosensing Assay
Authors: Zheng Anxun , Gong Cheng‐Bin , Chow Cheuk‐Fai 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe catalytic chemosensing assay (CCA), a new indicator displacement assay, was developed for selective detection of methomyl, a highly toxic pesticide. Trimetallic complex {[FeII(dmbpy)(CN)4]‐[PtII(DMSO)Cl]2‐[RuII(bpy)2(CN)2]} (1; dmbpy=4,4′‐dimethyl‐2,2′‐bipyridine, bpy=2,2′‐bipyridine) was synthesized as a task‐specific catalyst to initially reduce and degrade methomyl to CH3SH/CH3NH2/CH3CN/CO2. The thus‐produced CH3SH interacts with the trimetallic complex to displace the cis‐[RuII(bpy)2(CN)2] luminophore for monitoring. Other pesticides, including organophosphates and similar carbamate pesticides, remained intact under the same catalytic conditions; a selective sensing signal is only activated when 1 recognizes methomyl. Furthermore, 1 can be applied to detect methomyl in real water samples. In the luminescent mode of the assay, the method detection limit (MDL) of 1 for methomyl (LD50=17 mg kg−1) was 1.12 mg L−1.
Enantiomerically Pure Constrained Geometry Complexes of the Rare‐Earth Metals Featuring a Dianionic N‐Donor Functionalised Pentadienyl Ligand: Synthesis and Characterisation
Authors: Münster Katharina , Fecker Ann Christin , Raeder Jan , Freytag Matthias , Jones Peter G. , Walter Marc D. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe report the preparation of enantiomerically pure constrained geometry complexes (cgc) of the rare‐earth metals bearing a pentadienyl moiety (pdl) derived from the natural product (1R)‐(−)‐myrtenal. The potassium salt 1, [Kpdl*], was treated with ClSiMe2NHtBu, and the resulting pentadiene 2 was deprotonated with the Schlosser‐type base KOtPen/nBuLi (tPen=CMe2(CH2Me)) to yield the dipotassium salt [K2(pdl*SiMe2NtBu)] (3). However, 3 rearranges in THF solution to its isomer 3’ by a 1,3‐H shift, which elongates the bridge between the pdl and SiMe2NtBu moieties by one CH2 unit. This is crucial for the successful formation of various monomeric C1‐ or dimeric C2‐symmetric rare‐earth cgc complexes with additional halide, tetraborohydride, amido and alkyl functionalities. All compounds have been extensively characterised by solid‐state X‐ray diffraction analysis, solution NMR spectroscopy and elemental analyses.