bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-term results of robotic radiosurgery for non brachytherapy patients with cervical cancer
Authors: Morgenthaler Janis , Köhler Christhardt , Budach Volker , Sehouli Jalid , Stromberger Carmen , Besserer Angela , Trommer Maike , Baues Christian , Marnitz Simone 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
Consolidation brachytherapy is a critical treatment component for cervical cancer patients undergoing primary chemoradiation. Some patients are unsuitable for brachytherapy for a variety of reasons. The use of alternatives (LINAC-based stereotactic radiosurgery or external beam boosts) compromise oncologic results in cervical cancer patients. Thus, we evaluated the value of brachytherapy-like doses prescriptions using robotic radiosurgery (CyberKnife®, CR, Acuuray, Sunnyvale, CA, USA).

Methods
From 06/2011 to 06/2015, 31 patients (median age 53 years; range 30–77 years) with histologically proven FIGO stages IB-IVB cervical cancer underwent primary chemoradiation. All patients were either not suitable for intracervical brachytherapy for a variety of reasons or refused the brachytherapy. To achieve an adequate dose within the tumor, a CK boost was applied after fiducial implantation. In 29 patients, a dose of either five times 6 Gy or five times 5 Gy was prescribed to the target volume. Two patients received three times 5 Gy. The target dose was prescribed to the 70% isodose. Treatment toxicity was documented once weekly regarding vaginal mucositis, bladder, and bowel irritation according to CTCAE v. 4.03. If possible 3 months after completion of treatment intracervical curettage was performed to exclude residual tumor and the patients were followed up clinically. Sparing of organs at risk (OAR) and outcome in terms of local control (LC), overall survival (OS), and progression-free survival (PFS) were assessed.

Results
Of the 31 patients, 30 have completed CK boost therapy. The median follow-up time was 40 months (range 5–84 months). General treatment tolerability was good. Except for 1 patient, who had diarrhea grade 3, no treatment related side effects above grade 2 were reported. Sparing of OAR was excellent. The 1‑, 3‑, and 5‑year OS rates were 89, 60, and 57% respectively across all stages. Seven patients showed progression (28%), only two of them with local relapse (8%), resulting in an LC rate of 92% after 3 and 5 years. Mean PFS was 41 months (range 2–84 months). Patients with local recurrence had PFS of 5 and 8 months. Five patients developed distant metastases. Fifteen patients (48%) underwent intracervical curettage 3 months after completion of treatment of which 14 (93%) had complete pathologic response.

Conclusion
Brachytherapy remains the standard of care for patients diagnosed with cervical cancer and indication for primary chemoradiation. In terms of local control, CyberKnife®-based boost concepts provide excellent local control. It can be an alternative for patients who cannot receive adequate brachytherapy. Distant relapse still remains a challenge in this context.
Häufigkeiten von Patienten mit HIV in der ambulanten Versorgung in Deutschland – Eine Analyse auf Basis von Sekundärdaten
Authors: Kurch-Bek Diana , Gallowitz Christian , Baumgarten Axel , Tenckhoff Bernhard , an der Heiden Matthias 
Published: September 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Jährlich veröffentlicht das Robert Koch-Institut (RKI) die Zahl der HIV-Erstdiagnosen und die Gesamtzahl von Menschen mit HIV-Diagnosen in Deutschland. Eine Bestimmung mithilfe von Sekundärdaten erfolgte bislang nur mit Arzneimitteldaten.

Ziel der Arbeit
Auf Basis von Leistungsdaten wird die Anzahl von erstmals ambulant versorgten HIV-Patienten unter gesetzlich Krankenversicherten bestimmt sowie die Gesamtzahl von GKV-Patienten mit HIV in der ambulanten Versorgung. HIV-Testraten für Deutschland werden untersucht.

Material und Methoden
Die Leistungsdaten der gesetzlich Krankenversicherten aus dem ambulanten kollektivvertraglichen Sektor (kurz: ambulante Versorgung) liegen für den Beobachtungszeitraum 2009 bis 2018 vor. Für die Jahre 2011 bis 2017 wurden Jahreskohorten auf Basis von Patientenentitäten gebildet und hinsichtlich der HIV-Diagnose, der HIV-spezifischen Betreuungsleistungen und HIV-Testraten untersucht.

Ergebnisse
Jährlich werden etwa 6000 Patienten mit HIV erstmals ambulant versorgt. Die Gesamtzahl der ambulant versorgten Patienten mit HIV betrug im Jahr 2011 etwa 59.300 (0,106 %) und stieg zum Jahr 2017 auf etwa 80.800 (0,141 %) an. Der durchschnittliche Anstieg der Gesamtzahl um etwa 3600 Patienten pro Jahr lag damit deutlich unter der geschätzten Zahl jährlich neu versorgter Patienten.

Schlussfolgerung
Die Ergebnisse können erste Anhaltspunkte zur ambulanten Versorgung von Patienten mit HIV geben. Die vorliegenden Sekundärdaten geben die Möglichkeit, eine weitere epidemiologische Datenquelle zur bevölkerungsbezogenen Darstellung der administrativen Prävalenz von HIV zu erschließen. Es besteht Forschungsbedarf zu Patienten, welche erstmals ambulante Versorgung in Anspruch nehmen, um die Überrepräsentativität zu klären.
Hype um die Vitamin-D-Substitution: Was bleibt?
Authors: Bischoff-Ferrari Heike A. 
Published: September 2020

ZusammenfassungDer „Hype um Vitamin D“ ist neben der Bedeutung für die Knochengesundheit auch auf die ubiquitäre Präsenz des Vitamin-D-Rezeptors in vielen Organsystemen zurückzuführen. Große Beobachtungsstudien lieferten Hinweise, dass ein Vitamin-D-Mangel Risiken altersassoziierte chronische Erkrankungen, wie Krebs- und kardiovaskuläre Erkrankungen, begünstigt. In der vorliegenden Übersicht werden neueste Informationen, einerseits zur Knochengesundheit bei erwachsenen Menschen sowie andererseits zu Krebs- und kardiovaskulären Erkrankungen, anhand der aktuellen Resultate des großen Vitamin D and Omega‑3 Trial (VITAL) eingeordnet.
Intensive care of traumatic brain injury and aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage in Helsinki during the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Luostarinen Teemu , Virta Jyri , Satopää Jarno , Bäcklund Minna , Kivisaari Riku , Korja Miikka , Raj Rahul 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
To ensure adequate intensive care unit (ICU) capacity for SARS-CoV-2 patients, elective neurosurgery and neurosurgical ICU capacity were reduced. Further, the Finnish government enforced strict restrictions to reduce the spread. Our objective was to assess changes in ICU admissions and prognosis of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) during the Covid-19 pandemic.

Methods
Retrospective review of all consecutive patients with TBI and aneurysmal SAH admitted to the neurosurgical ICU in Helsinki from January to May of 2019 and the same months of 2020. The pre-pandemic time was defined as weeks 1–11, and the pandemic time was defined as weeks 12–22. The number of admissions and standardized mortality rates (SMRs) were compared to assess the effect of the Covid-19 pandemic on these. Standardized mortality rates were adjusted for case mix.

Results
Two hundred twenty-four patients were included (TBI n = 123, SAH n = 101). There were no notable differences in case mix between TBI and SAH patients admitted during the Covid-19 pandemic compared with before the pandemic. No notable difference in TBI or SAH ICU admissions during the pandemic was noted in comparison with early 2020 or 2019. SMRs were no higher during the pandemic than before.

Conclusion
In the area of Helsinki, Finland, there were no changes in the number of ICU admissions or in prognosis of patients with TBI or SAH during the Covid-19 pandemic.
COVID-19 and neurological training in Europe: from early challenges to future perspectives
Authors: van der Meulen Matthijs , Kleineberg Nina N. , Schreier David R. , García-Azorin David , Di Lorenzo Francesco 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe worldwide SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is dramatically affecting health systems with consequences also for neurological residency training. Here we report early experiences and challenges that European neurologists and residents faced. The breadth of the pandemic and the social restrictions induced substantial modifications in both inpatient and outpatient clinical care and academic activities as well, adversely affecting our residency training. On the other hand we see also opportunities, such as gaining more clinical and professional skills. All these drastic and sudden changes lead us to reconsider some educational aspects of our training program that need to be improved in order to better prepare the neurologists of the future to manage unexpected and large emergency situations like the one we are living in these days. A reconsideration of the neurological training program could be beneficial to guarantee high standard level of the residency training in this period and beyond.
Friends’ influence on the development of academic values in mathematics: are there differences between female and male dyads?
Authors: Reindl Marion , Gniewosz Burkhard , Dresel Markus 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBased on the social cognitive theory and the emotional contagion theory, this study investigated if friends influence (reinforce or change) the development of academic values (intrinsic value, emotional cost) and if this process differs across same-sex friendship dyads. We drew on data collected in a two-wave longitudinal study in Germany. The final sample was based on 264 stable reciprocated friendship dyads of grades 5 and 7 (148 female dyads and 116 male dyads). Results of actor-partner-interdependence models indicated that friends reinforce each other regarding the intrinsic value and initiate change regarding the emotional cost. Moreover, female and male friendship dyads did not differ in the strength of influence on academic values. Results were discussed in terms of selection and socialization effects regarding friendships.
Implementing QVT-R via semantic interpretation in UML-RSDS
Authors: Lano K. , Kolahdouz-Rahimi S. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe QVT-Relations (QVT-R) model transformation language is an OMG standard notation for model transformation specification. It is highly declarative and supports (in principle) bidirectional (bx) transformation specification. However, there are many unclear or unsatisfactory aspects to its semantics, which is not precisely defined in the standard. UML-RSDS is an executable subset of UML and OCL. It has a precise mathematical semantics and criteria for ensuring correctness of applications (including model transformations) by construction. There is extensive tool support for verification and for production of 3GL code in multiple languages (Java, C#, C++, C, Swift and Python). In this paper, we define a translation from QVT-R into UML-RSDS, which provides a logically oriented semantics for QVT-R, aligned with the RelToCore mapping semantics in the QVT standard. The translation includes variation points to enable specialised semantics to be selected in particular transformation cases. The translation provides a basis for verification and static analysis of QVT-R specifications and also enables the production of efficient code implementations of QVT-R specifications. We evaluate the approach by applying it to solve benchmark examples of bx.
Satellite big data analytics for ethical decision making in farmer’s insurance claim settlement: minimization of type-I and type-II errors
Authors: Nagendra Narayan Prasad , Narayanamurthy Gopalakrishnan , Moser Roger 
Published: September 2020

AbstractFarmers submit claims to insurance providers when affected by sowing/planting risk, standing crop risk, post-harvest risk, and localized calamities risk. Decision making for settlement of claims submitted by farmers has been observed to comprise of type-I and type-II errors. The existence of these errors reduces confidence on agri-insurance providers and government in general as it fails to serve the needy farmers (type-I error) and sometimes serve the ineligible farmers (type-II error). The gaps in currently used underlying data, methods and timelines including anomalies in locational data used in crop sampling, inclusion of invalid data points in computation, estimation of crop yield, and determination of the total sown area create barriers in executing the indemnity payments for small and marginal farmers in India. In this paper, we present a satellite big data analytics based case study in a region in India and explain how the anomalies in the legacy processes were addressed to minimize type-I and type-II errors and thereby make ethical decisions while approving farmer claims. Our study demonstrates what big data analytics can offer to increase the ethicality of the decisions and the confidence at which the decision is made, especially when the beneficiaries of the decision are poor and powerless.
Exponential Functions in Cartesian Differential Categories
Authors: Lemay Jean-Simon Pacaud 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we introduce differential exponential maps in Cartesian differential categories, which generalizes the exponential function $$e^x$$

e
x

from classical differential calculus. A differential exponential map is an endomorphism which is compatible with the differential combinator in such a way that generalizations of $$e^0 = 1$$

e
0

=
1

, $$e^{x+y} = e^x e^y$$

e

x
+
y

=

e
x

e
y

, and $$\frac{\partial e^x}{\partial x} = e^x$$

∂

e
x

∂
x

=

e
x

all hold. Every differential exponential map induces a commutative rig, which we call a differential exponential rig, and conversely, every differential exponential rig induces a differential exponential map. In particular, differential exponential maps can be defined without the need of limits, converging power series, or unique solutions of certain differential equations—which most Cartesian differential categories do not necessarily have. That said, we do explain how every differential exponential map does provide solutions to certain differential equations, and conversely how in the presence of unique solutions, one can derivative a differential exponential map. Examples of differential exponential maps in the Cartesian differential category of real smooth functions include the exponential function, the complex exponential function, the split complex exponential function, and the dual numbers exponential function. As another source of interesting examples, we also study differential exponential maps in the coKleisli category of a differential category.
Efficient priority rules under default: the case of traditio versus contract principle
Authors: Andreasson Jens , Faber Wolfgang , Gangopadhyay Shubhashis , Martinson Claes , Sjögren Stefan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe investigate the economic consequences of the traditio and the contract principle—differing in how they determine the priority rights for an item sold but not delivered. Our results suggest that the two principles are equivalent in terms of the net utilities enjoyed by involved actors. For example, a lower price paid for a forward transaction under a traditio principle can be compensated by better credit terms, implying there is no competitive advantage for either the seller or buyer under any principle. We demonstrate how market prices, incorrectly used, may misleadingly favour a contract principle, and discuss how fraudulent behaviour better supports a traditio regime. We also contribute to the legal discussion on priority regimes of undelivered items basing our discussion on bankruptcy priority laws instead of distribution of ownership.
The location and composition of Group 3 of the periodic table
Authors: Vernon René E. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractGroup 3 as Sc–Y–La, rather than Sc–Y–Lu, dominates the literature. The history of this situation, including involvement by the IUPAC, is summarised. I step back from the minutiae of physical, chemical, and electronic properties and explore considerations of regularity and symmetry, natural kinds, and quantum mechanics, finding these to be inconclusive. Continuing the theme, a series of ten interlocking arguments, in the context of a chemistry-based periodic table, are presented in support of lanthanum in Group 3. In so doing, I seek to demonstrate a new way of thinking about this matter. The last of my ten arguments is recast as a twenty-word categorical philosophical (viewpoint-based) statement.
Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) in restrictive cardiomyopathies
Authors: Galea Nicola , Polizzi Gesualdo , Gatti Marco , Cundari Giulia , Figuera Michele , Faletti Riccardo 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe restrictive cardiomyopathies constitute a heterogeneous group of myocardial diseases with a different pathogenesis and overlapping clinical presentations. Diagnosing them frequently poses a challenge. Echocardiography, electrocardiograms and laboratory tests may show non-specific changes. In this context, cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) may play a crucial role in defining the diagnosis and guiding treatments, by offering a robust myocardial characterization based on the inherent magnetic properties of abnormal tissues, thus limiting the use of endomyocardial biopsy. In this review article, we explore the role of CMR in the assessment of a wide range of myocardial diseases causing restrictive patterns, from iron overload to cardiac amyloidosis, endomyocardial fibrosis or radiation-induced heart disease. Here, we emphasize the incremental value of novel relaxometric techniques such as T1 and T2 mapping, which may recognize different storage diseases based on the intrinsic magnetic properties of the accumulating metabolites, with or without the use of gadolinium-based contrast agents. We illustrate the importance of these CMR techniques and their great support when contrast media administration is contraindicated. Finally, we describe the useful role of cardiac computed tomography for diagnosis and management of restrictive cardiomyopathies when CMR is contraindicated.
Preparation and stabilization mechanism of carbon dots nanofluids for drag reduction
Authors: Wu Yi-Ning , Li Yuan , Cao Meng-Jiao , Dai Cai-Li , He Long , Yang Yu-Ping 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDuring the development of low or ultra-low permeability oil resources, the alternative energy supply becomes a prominent issue. In recent years, carbon dots (CDs) have drawn much attention owing to their application potential in oil fields for reducing injection pressure and augmenting oil recovery. However, carbon dots characterized of small size, high surface energy are faced with several challenges, such as self-aggregation and settling. The preparation of stably dispersed carbon dots nanofluids is the key factor to guarantee its application performance in formation. In this work, we investigated the stability of hydrophilic carbon dots (HICDs) and hydrophobic carbon dots–Tween 80 (HOCDs) nanofluids. The influences of carbon dots concentration, sorts and concentration of salt ions as well as temperature on the stability of CDs were studied. The results showed that HICDs are more sensitive to sort and concentration of salt ions, while HOCDs are more sensitive to temperature. In addition, the core flooding experiments demonstrated that the pressure reduction rate of HICDs and HOCDs nanofluids can be as high as 17.88% and 26.14%, respectively. Hence, the HICDs and HOCDs nanofluids show a good application potential in the reduction of injection pressure during the development of low and ultra-low permeability oil resources.
Schiffer Comparison Operators and Approximations on Riemann Surfaces Bordered by Quasicircles
Authors: Schippers Eric , Shirazi Mohammad , Staubach Wolfgang 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe consider a compact Riemann surfaceRof arbitrary genus, with a finite number of non-overlapping quasicircles, which separateRinto two subsets: a connected Riemann surface$$\Sigma $$Σ, and the union$$\mathcal {O}$$Oof a finite collection of simply connected regions. We prove that the Schiffer integral operator mapping the Bergman space of anti-holomorphic one-forms on$$\mathcal {O}$$Oto the Bergman space of holomorphic forms on$$\Sigma $$Σis an isomorphism onto the exact one-forms, when restricted to the orthogonal complement of the set of forms on all ofR. We then apply this to prove versions of the Plemelj–Sokhotski isomorphism and jump decomposition for such a configuration. Finally we obtain some approximation theorems for the Bergman space of one-forms and Dirichlet space of holomorphic functions on$$\Sigma $$Σby elements of Bergman space and Dirichlet space on fixed regions inRcontaining$$\Sigma $$Σ.
Wildfire during deposition of the “Illinger Flözzone” (Heusweiler-Formation, “Stephanian B”, Kasimovian–Ghzelian) in the Saar-Nahe Basin (SW-Germany)
Authors: Uhl Dieter , Jasper André 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWildfires occurred more or less regularly in many Pennsylvanian ecosystems, not only in seasonally dry regions but also in the ever wet tropics. One of the reasons for this was probably the relatively high atmospheric oxygen conditions prevailing during this period. The present study reports evidence for the occurrence of wildfires during deposition of the Upper Pennsylvanian Heusweiler Formation (“Stephanian B”, Kasimovian–Gzhelian) in the intramontane Saar-Nahe (or Saar-Lorraine) Basin in SW-Germany. Based on anatomical features of the charcoal, as well as the co-occurring adpression flora, it seems possible that some of the fires occurred in an ecosystem inhabited by Cordaites. Some of the charcoal fragments exhibit traces of pre-charring decay by fungi, indicating either the consumption of litter by ground or surface fires, or of still standing (partly) dead trees by crown fires.
Maritime operation of an unmanned rotorcraft with tethered ship deck landing system
Authors: Schuchardt B. I. , Dautermann T. , Donkels A. , Krause S. , Peinecke N. , Schwoch G. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn security-critical situations in the maritime area, ship-based deployment of remotely piloted aircraft systems could enable automated acquisition of aerial images and other sensor data. If intervention is required, response times of federal institutions could be shortened significantly without endangering personnel. This paper gives an overview of research undertaken at DLR in cooperation with the German Federal Police for Maritime Tasks. For a safe ship deck landing of an unmanned rotorcraft a combination of precise navigation and tethered landing system has been developed and patented. Relative double-difference algorithms are used for precise navigation of the rotorcraft to a hover point over the ship deck. From there, an electromagnetic winch is lowered from the rotorcraft that connects to the ship deck. The resulting cable connection is used for aligning the rotorcraft during landing and securing it on the ship deck afterwards. First demonstrations on a real ship deck show the feasibility of the system.