bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pasión y tragedia del Bibliófilo
Authors: Hidalgo Alberto 
Published: December 2020

Artículo que historia, ágil y profundamente, la vida, las aventuras y la multiplicación de los libros en casa de un bibliófilo. En trance de metáfora, nos lo representa ahogándose bajo el torrente caudaloso de los miles de volúmenes que han ido llenando, una tras otra, todas las habitaciones de la morada. Así, en dos cuartillas, describe Hidalgo, con una prosa que fluye vigorosa y ligera, las peregrinaciones del bibliófilo y su preocupación principal: los libros.
José Pérez de Vargas, maestro y poeta (4)
Authors: Tauro Alberto 
Published: December 2020

Cuarto y último capítulo del estudio de Alberto Tauro, en el cual presenta una amplia bibliografía de José Pérez de Vargas. Tal como lo precisó Tauro en el primer número de Fenix, este es un trabajo directamente vinculado con la historia de la Biblioteca Nacional, que a través de los cuatro primeros números de esta revista ha sido complementado con un estudio sobre las actividades pedagógicas, una crítica poética, una antología y una bibliografía de Pérez de Vargas.
Algunos periódicos desconocidos del Perú. Ecuador y Bolivia
Authors: Schwab Federico 
Published: December 2020

Este trabajo se limita a describir cierto número de periódicos del siglo XIX que no están registrados, o de los cuales sólo existen datos incompletos o equívocos, en las bibliografías específicas de esta materia. Se refiere, entre otros, a la "Biblioteca Peruana" de Mariano Felipe Paz Soldán; al "Catálogo de los Periódicos Nacionales existentes en la Biblioteca Nacional" por Manuel Odriozola; las "Listas de Periódicos existentes en la Biblioteca Nacional" publicadas en varios Boletines de esta institución posteriores al incendio de la antigua Biblioteca, en 1943; a "Apuntes Bibliográficos sobre El Periodismo en el Perú" por Evaristo San Cristobal.
Asimismo, el autor del trabajo ha considerado algunos periódicos hasta ahora desconocidos en sí, pero acerca de los cuales ha encontrado documentos que comprueban su aparición. Se incluyen unos pocos periódicos pertenecientes a países vecinos, porque su contenido se relaciona con la historia peruana.
Prontuario de tratamiento de folletos
Authors: Arbulú Vargas Ricardo 
Published: December 2020

Ricardo Arbulú Vargas después de tres años de experiencia en el Departamento de Catalogación de la Biblioteca Nacional llega a la conclusión de que, el folleto peruano reclama tratamiento diverso del que se le aplica en la bibliotecnia común. Trata de exponer, en forma escueta, la reacción inmediata frente a la folletería ingresada al Departamento y el uso que se ha hecho de las herramientas con que disponían.
La biblioteca escolar en los colegios de educación secundaria
Authors: Chiriboga Sotomayor Beatriz 
Published: December 2020

Trabajo presentado en la Escuela Nacional de Bibliotecarios, durante el año 1946. Preceden este estudio, un plano de Biblioteca Escolar y datos esenciales para la instalación del equipo de una sala de lectura en un Colegio de Educación Secundaria.
Een decennium oordelen over doorlopende kredieten: uiteenlopende interpretaties van het contractuele rentewijzigingsbeding
Authors: van de Meerakker Ruud 
Published: December 2020

Een decennium oordelen over doorlopende kredieten: uiteenlopende interpretaties van het contractuele rentewijzigingsbeding
Recent hebben zowel de Commissie van Beroep financiële dienstverlening als diverse rechters uitspraken gedaan over rentewijzigingsbedingen. Dergelijke bedingen gebruikten kredietverstrekkers van doorlopende kredietovereenkomsten om de variabele rente van die kredieten aan te passen. De uitspraken markeren de verschuiving van een nadruk op contractvrijheid en marktwerking naar de focus op een zekere mate van marktregulering en consumentenbescherming. In deze bijdrage wordt uiteengezet via welke weg deze verschuiving het afgelopen decennium heeft plaatsgevonden en wordt bijzondere aandacht gegeven aan de huidige stand van zaken, waarin twee wegen te herkennen zijn. Door de Commissie van Beroep is het beding uitgelegd – zodat consumenten mochten verwachten dat hun rente in de pas zou blijven met de marktrente. In de rechtspraak is in veel gevallen besloten tot vernietiging van het beding. Geconcludeerd wordt welke van de beide oordelen het meest overtuigt.
La mediación intralingüística: propuestas didácticas
Authors: Cañada Pujols Montserrat , Fantauzzi Stefania , Trullàs Soler Maria 
Published: December 2020

Resumen: Los principales objetivos de este artículo son definir el concepto demediación intralingüística y presentar propuestas didácticas para practicar y/o evaluaresta actividad de lengua en los niveles B1, B2 y C1. Nuestro trabajo se enmarca en elcontexto de las Escuelas Oficiales de Idiomas de Cataluña. La publicación de los RealesDecretos 1041/2017 y 1/2019 impuso a las EEOOII evaluar la mediación lingüística.Como asesoras técnicas coordinadoras de las pruebas de certificación en las EEOOIIcatalanas, llevamos a cabo una investigación para definir el concepto de mediación,desarrollar los currículos, determinar las características de las tareas de mediaciónintralingüística y elaborar criterios de evaluación. Las muestras de tareas y las escalasde evaluación que presentamos en este artículo son fruto del estudio realizado. Gracias aesta investigación hemos podido constatar la validez de las tareas de mediaciónintralingüística y la complejidad que supone redactarlas y evaluarlas. Palabras clave: mediación, intralingüística, tareas, evaluación.

Intralinguistic mediation: didactic proposalsAbstract: The main objectives of this article are defining the concept of intralinguisticmediation and presenting didactic proposals to practice and/or assess this languageactivity at levels B1, B2 and C1. Our research is framed in the context of the EscuelasOficiales de Idiomas (EEOOII), Official Language Schools, in Catalonia. Thepublication of Royal Decrees 1041/2017 and 1/2019 forced the EEOOII to assesslinguistic mediation. As technical advisors coordinating the certification tests in theCatalan EEOOII, we carried out research to define the concept of mediation, developcurricula, determine the characteristics of intralinguistic mediation tasks and developassessment criteria. The samples of tasks and the assessment scales that we present inthis article are the result of the study performed. Thanks to this research, we have beenable to verify the validity of intralinguistic mediation tasks and the complexity ofwriting and assessing them.Key words: mediation, intralinguistic, tasks, assessment.
Microbial Contamination Potential and Antibiotic Resistance Profile of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli Isolated from Ipomoea batatas Leaf
Authors: Attien Paul Yao , Kouassi Clément Kouassi , Wele Mamadou , Sina Haziz , Moussa Lamine Baba- 
Published: December 2020

Traditional leafy vegetables are recommended because there are important sources of nutrients and they protect against certain non-communicable diseases. This study aimed at assessing the microbiological quality of Ipomoea batatas leaves and evaluating the susceptibility to antibiotics of isolated S. aureus and E. coli strains.
Heighten samples of I. batatas leaves collected were analyzed for research / enumeration of mesophilic total aerobic flora, enterobacteriaceae, yeasts, molds, fecal coliforms, fecal streptococci, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Salmonella strains and Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus. The microorganisms were identified using appropriate medium and classical biochemical tests. The susceptibility to eleven conventional antibiotics was investigated by the disk diffusion method.
The I. batatas leaves showed high contamination by various flora, in particular flora indicative of general pollution (aerobic mesophilic germs, yeasts and molds, enterobacteria) and flora of fecal origin (fecal coliforms and fecal streptococcus). In addition, the presence of pathogenic species such as Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp. was noted in the samples analyzed. Globally, the highest resistance proportion has been observed with penicillin (~65%) and none of the S. aureus strains was resistant to vancomycin.
From a microbiological point of view, Ipomoea batatas leaf intended for consumption is not suitable for human consumption. It is therefore important to educate producers to improve their production route in order to have better microbiological quality I. batatas leaves.
Equilibrium Studies for Removal of Cadmium (II) Ions Removal from Water Using Activated Carbon Derived from Macadamia Intergrifolia Nutshell Waste Powder
Authors: Kamau Amos , Thiong’o George , Kakoi Beatrice 
Published: December 2020

Heavy metals have continued to be of great concern in research as major pollutants of water. Adsorption using low cost adsorbent is a low cost method of the removal heavy metal ions from aqueous solution. In this study activated carbon derived from macadamia intergrifolia nutshell powder was considered as an alternative low cost adsorbent for the removal of Cd(II) ions from aqueous solution. Various physicochemical parameters which included sorbent mass, and initial metal ions concentration isotherms using sorption models were determined. Results from the experiment indicated the optimum values for sorbent mass as 0.3 grams, and initial metal ions concentration as 8mg/l. Adsorption isotherms were found to fit well in Langmuir model (R2=0.9935), Javanovic model (R2 =0.9857) and Freundlich model (R2=0.9911). Additionally, for Langmuir model the value of separation factor (KL) was in the range of 0 to 1 indicating a favorable reaction. For Jovanovic model adsorption energy was found to be 1.00334 l/mg thus an indication of binding vibrations during Cd(II) ions adsorption. FTIR spectrum revealed that the presence of O-H at νmax 3389 cm-1, COO- at νmax 2367 cm-1, C=0 at νmax 1593 cm-1, C-O at νmax 1344 cm-1, P-O at νmax 1206 cm-1 and POO-H at νmax 1110cm-1 functional group in activated carbon enhanced Cd(II) ions removal. The study revealed that activated carbon derived from macadamia intergrifolia nutshell can be used to remove Cd(II) ions from water.
Monotremata
Authors: Musser Anne M 
Published: December 2020

AbstractLiving monotremes (the platypus and echidnas) are highly specialised egg‐laying mammals found only in Australia and New Guinea. However, their fossil history extends back to the Mesozoic Era. The past distribution of platypuses included Antarctica and southern South America, and their history extends back to the Mesozoic. Monotremes are, therefore, the oldest living mammalian group known. Platypuses are semi‐aquatic, feeding on benthic invertebrates in rivers, streams and lakes of eastern Australia. Echidnas are spine‐covered, terrestrial insectivores. There is just a single species of living platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus), but four living species of echidna: the short‐beaked echidna (Tachyglossus aculeatus) from Australia and New Guinea, and three species of long‐beaked echidna (genusZaglossus), all of which live only in New Guinea. All monotreme species face challenges from climate change, development and human pressure. The platypus and long‐beaked echidnas are especially vulnerable, and there is much concern for their future.Key ConceptsMonotremes are mammals that lay eggs, like the earliest mammals, instead of bearing live young like all other living mammals.Living monotremes are found only in Australia and New Guinea, but platypuses were once distributed across southern Gondwana to the southern tip of South America.Many anatomical features in monotremes have an ancient heritage, such as the retention of certain skull bones and additional bones in the shoulder girdle.Both living monotreme types – platypuses and echidnas – are highly specialised for particular niches.Monotremes have a ‘sixth sense’ that helps them find cryptic prey: uniquely sensitive beaks or bills with both touch receptors and electroreceptors.Platypuses are extremely well adapted for life in water, with a wide bill, streamlined bodies, webbed feet and thick, waterproof fur.Echidnas are toothless, spine‐covered ant and termite specialists with long tubular beaks.There are two types of echidnas, the short‐beaked echidna from Australia and New Guinea and three very rare long‐beaked echidna species known only from New Guinea.Although the fossil record for monotremes is over 100 million years old, they are now threatened by climate change, hunting and development pressures, and their ongoing survival is not assured.
Organic luminescent materials: The concentration on aggregates from aggregation‐induced emission
Authors: Yang Jie , Fang Manman , Li Zhen 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe research of organic luminescent materials in aggregate has drawn more and more attention for their wide applications. To adjust the luminescent properties for aggregates, a deep understanding of the corresponding internal mechanism is needed. In this short review, a brief introduction of aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) and some other solid state luminescence behaviors derived from or parallel to AIE is presented. Particularly, the relationship between emission property and intermolecular/intramolecular interactions is summarized, with the aim to guide the further development of organic optoelectronic materials in aggregate.
Unraveling the spatial distribution of the acidity of HZSM‐5 zeolite on the level of crystal grains
Authors: Xian Xiaochao , Chen Jun , Chu Yirong , He Mengjun , Zhao Shuo , Dong Lichun , Ren Jingzheng 
Published: December 2020

AbstractHere we developed a new method to quantitatively characterize the spatial distribution of the Brønsted acidity of HZSM‐5 zeolite on the crystal grains level indirectly. The Brønsted acid sites of HZSM‐5 zeolite completely covered or blocked by previous coke deposition were released gradually from the outer surface to the center of the crystal grains via shrinking core mode isothermal oxidation with high temperature and low oxygen concentration. The spatial distribution of the coke was obtained based on the one‐dimensional position coordinate Lrp through building and solving an enhanced shrinking core model. Then the released acidity characterized by n‐propylamine temperature‐programmed decomposition was correlated to the specific position of Lrp. The results show that the acid density is roughly homogenous while the acid strength is heterogeneous within the crystal grains. From the outer surface to the center of the crystal grains, the strength of the Brønsted acid sites increase gradually.
A novel simulation approach for particulate flows during filtration
Authors: Qi Minhui , Li Mingzhong , Moghanloo Rouzbeh G. , Guo Tiankui 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis paper presents a novel approach for simulation of filtration process when velocity gradient within pore space cannot be neglected. The new model is useful for accurate prediction of the filtration performance and particle retention efficiency. Artificial porous media such as filters, by design, have a large surface‐to‐volume ratio because of an inherent homogeneity present within their structure; the homogenous structure is realized due to organized packing of grains as building blocks, which leads to a significant velocity gradient inner pore space. In this work, the inner‐pore flow characteristics of two different homogeneous packing patterns (cubic and oblique hexagonal packing) were examined. The multiple constricted tubes analogy was adopted to model porous media to simplify the inner‐pore geometrical structure. A new integrated simulation approach was utilized through implementing the particle trajectory model to every unit bed element of the simulation domain. The accuracy of the numerical simulations used in this study was verified by comparing the particle distribution pattern and penetration depth obtained from simulations to those monitored via a visual experiment. A sensitivity analysis was carried out to study parameters that may affect the particle distribution and penetration length, such as grain‐to‐particle size ratio, flow rate, and fluid viscosity. The simulation method utilized in this paper provides an in‐depth understanding of the fine particle migration during filtration process through artificial porous media, and, thus, provide useful insights for improved filtration design.
Family characteristics, perceived environment for physical activity, and childhood obesity: An approach with structural equation models
Authors: do Carmo Ariene Silva , Mendes Larissa Loures , Pessoa Milene Cristine , Meireles Adriana Lucia , da Silva Antônio Augusto Moura , dos Santos Luana Caroline 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the direct and indirect effects of family characteristics and the perceived neighborhood environment on obesity risks among schoolchildren.MethodsThrough phone contact with the child's mothers/guardians, the perceptions about the aspects of the neighborhood that could limit or promote health. Physical activity, socioeconomic data, self‐reported weight and height, and ultra‐processed consumption of the respondents were evaluated, in addition to the screen time of both mothers and children. A hybrid model of structural equations was used to test the direct and indirect effects of family and environmental variables on childhood obesity.SettingBelo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.SubjectsA total of 322 children from 9 to 10 years old from municipal schools and their respective mothers/guardians.ResultsChildhood obesity was positively associated with obesity among mothers/guardians and with the latent variable “socioeconomic status (SES).” It was observed that the child's guardians positively influenced childhood obesity through their own habits, such as screen time and consumption of ultra‐processed products, with obesity of mothers/guardians as mediators of both associations. There were no direct and indirect effects of the latent variables of the perceived environment in childhood obesity.ConclusionFamily characteristics are important determinants of childhood obesity and should be considered when designing prevention strategies. Parental perceptions of neighborhood characteristics did not have an influence on childhood obesity.
Facile synthesis of novel fluorescent phenol formaldehyde resin nanospheres for drug release
Authors: Wang Shaohua , Yang Ping , Sun Xiangfei , Xing Honglong , Shi Jianjun 
Published: December 2020

AbstractA highly‐efficient nano‐medical carrier system was constructed for drug release based on a facile synthesis, excellent fluorescence, and structure of phenol formaldehyde resin (PFR). The PFR was easily synthesized through a simple one‐step hydrothermal reaction, reduction and etching process, and a silane coupling agent modification process. The multiple functionalized drug delivery system, defined as PFR‐NH2@DOX was constructed by loading Adriamycin (DOX) into PFR. Drug release results in vitro displayed a DOX content of 145 mg g−1prodrug nanosphere has excellent pH‐triggered drug release (about 84.71%) within 72 h at pH 5 solution. The fluorescence recovery of PFR after DOX release indicates the potential application in fluorescence imaging and controlled drug release.
Preparation and Application of Microelectrodes at the Single‐Molecule Scale
Authors: Gao Tengyang , Liu Yuyan , Zhang Xueqing , Bai Jie , Hong Wenjing 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMolecular electronics offers a potential solution for the miniaturization of electronics beyond conventional silicon electronics. A key goal of molecular electronics is to fabricate the single‐molecule junction with the functions of electronic units. The term “molecular junction” means a molecular cluster or a single molecule incorporated between two microelectrodes, and electrons are transported across it. The methods of constructing molecular junctions dynamically were developed, such as STM‐BJ, AFM‐BJ, and MCBJ, providing precise control of the gap and easy measurement of thousands of junctions. Electrodes based on these techniques are commonly called microelectrodes because at least one dimension is on the micron scale. In this manuscript, we summarize the preparation methods of microelectrodes and their application in single‐molecule measurements. In addition, we discuss the electrode factor that influences the molecular electrical properties, such as material, curvature radius and cone angle, and further provide a brief prospect of molecular electronics.
Recent Advances in Stability of Carbon‐Based Anodes for Potassium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Wang Jiali , Wang Huwei , Zang Xiaobei , Zhai Dengyun , Kang Feiyu 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe commercialization of potassium‐ion batteries requires promising anodes with excellent reversible capacity and cycle stability. Graphite anodes have attracted extensive research owing to the formation of stable intercalation compounds, which also helps to focus attention on low‐cost carbon‐based anodes. However, the slow diffusion of potassium ion (K+) and structural damage of graphite caused by large size may lead to capacity decay. Herein, the modification strategies have been summarized, including microstructure regulation, heteroatom doping and building stable solid electrolyte interphase. And the opportunities and challenges faced by these improvement methods are proposed. Meanwhile, carbon‐based materials used as hosts or conductive carriers to improve the performance of other anodes are also summarized.
Tumor heterogeneity and the potential role of liquid biopsy in bladder cancer
Authors: Huang Hai‐Ming , Li Hai‐Xia 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBladder cancer (BC) is a heterogeneous disease that characterized by genomic instability and a high mutation rate. Heterogeneity in tumor may partially explain the diversity of responses to targeted therapies and the various clinical outcomes. A combination of cytology and cystoscopy is the standard methodology for BC diagnosis, prognosis, and disease surveillance. However, genomics analyses of single tumor‐biopsy specimens may underestimate the mutational burden of heterogeneous tumors. Liquid biopsy, as a promising technology, enables analysis of tumor components in the bodily fluids, such as blood and urine, at multiple time points and provides a minimally invasive approach that can track the evolutionary dynamics and monitor tumor heterogeneity. In this review, we describe the multiple faces of BC heterogeneity at the genomic and transcriptional levels and how they affect clinical care and outcomes. We also summarize the outcomes of liquid biopsy in BC, which plays a potential role in revealing tumor heterogeneity. Finally, we discuss the challenges that must be addressed before liquid biopsy can be widely used in clinical treatment.