bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Review of the seakeeping criteria for the study of a passenger ship criteria in Indonesian water
Authors: Jamal  , Sulisetyono A , Aryawan W D 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The human sickness of the ship’s crews and passengers is considered as main requirements to be fulfilled in ship design stages which is related to the performance of ship motion when operating in seaway. This paper describe review some seakeeping criteria which are published by several institutions for the purpose of ship safety and comfort. Since these criteria were initially issued based on extreme sea conditions, it is necessary to study if they are applied to relatively moderate sea conditions in Indonesian. For this reason, a new approach is proposed to deal with a new criteria by measuring motions directly on the ship in operation. Briefly method is described as first, the ship motion in 6 degrees of freedom is measured by sensors which is installed in a particular place on the ship’s board, for which the data generated include an angular velocity, a vertical and a tranversal accelerations of motions. Second, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) algorithm is adopted to process the measured data which are presented in the form of time series and spectrum diagrams, and the Power Spectral Density (PSD) method is also used to eliminate nois data. Third, the ship motion criteria for the case of the passenger ship is determined and it compare to the existing criteria.
Application Design of Farmbot Mobile App Using Internet of Things on Android
Authors: Nugraha Firman Setia , Rachmat Haris , Eka Atmaja Denny Sukma , Astuti Murni Dwi 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Food is essential for country development. It can impact both sustainability and the succession of the process itself. As for a developing country, Indonesia’s main food supplies are coming from the agriculture sector. It was estimated at least 49.81 million tons of rice must be produced every year. However, this sector has faced some serious threats, the land conversion is one of the major issue, almost 4,000 agriculture hectares is getting convert every year resulting in a mass reduction of food supply. Furthermore, urbanization also decreasing the farmers with a ratio of 0.7 million people annually. These two factors alone will give a huge impact which leading to food shortage. Gladly, the improvements of Internet of Things give a sight at the technological solution. Robotics, combined with IoT, and machinery can produce an agriculture CNC based robotic called Farmbot which functioned to help urban people grow and maintain plants in a small indoor or outdoor area automatically. Farmbot can be controlled by the user using an installed interface on a connected device through internet which allows it to receive command and execute it with great accuracy. In this study, the automation system to operate Farmbot from smartphone devices will be created.
The effect of deposition time on the properties of titanium dioxide thin film prepared using CVD
Authors: Lias Jais , Mohd Fauzi Muhammad Harith Fadhilah , Sahdan Mohd Zainizan , Nayan Nafarizal 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This research aimed to investigate effect of deposition time on the structural, morphological properties and optical properties of the titanium dioxide (TiO2) thin film prepared using Chemical Vapour Deposition (CVD). This research involved two processes which are samples preparation process and characterisation process to fulfil the aim. The samples preparation process was done by synthesising TiO2 on indium thin oxide (ITO) substrates heated at 60 °C substrate temperature. Titanium butoxide used as the precursor for this chemical reaction was volatilised at 210 °C. Oxygen gas was flown at 1 litre per minute as the carrier gas. In order to study the effect of deposition time, the synthesise of the thin films were varied to 15, 30, 45 and 60 minutes. After synthesising process, the samples underwent thermal treatment via annealing process for 1 hour at 500 °C. For the characterisation process, Raman Spectroscopy technique was employed to investigate the structural properties of the samples. Apart from that, Field Emission Microscopy (FEM) technique, which was performed via FE-SEM, was employed to investigate the morphologies of the samples. Other than that, UV-Vis spectrometry was employed to analyse the optical properties of the samples. Analysis of data from Raman spectroscopy displayed four Raman Shifts for each sample which confirms that the samples exhibit TiO2 of anatase phases. Whereas, images from FE-SEM displayed reduction of nanoparticle clusters on the samples as the rate of deposition time increases. Meanwhile, UV-Vis analysis displayed transmittance of the samples ranging between 50% to 80% transmittance and each sample exhibits the same optical band gap at 3.25 eV.
Comparison between Viscoelastic Mechanical and Chemical Kinetic Aging Model of Asphalt Concrete
Authors: Yang Shih-Hsien , Awan Susanto Hery , Fath Atiya Arief 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The objective of this study was to fully characterize and validate the mechanical-based aging model parameters and compared with the chemical kinetic model. This study found that level of aging applied to both asphalt binder and asphalt concrete showed differences, as verified by all of the p-values from regression analysis test, were greater than 0.05. The aging variable value decreased with the aggregate involved. The aging history dependent (k2) could be simulated the actual aging behavior as a polynomial curve. The Pearson correlation test showed that there is a strong relationship between the carbonyl content and the aging model variable.
Investigation of the Mechanical Behavior and Impact Analysis of Hybrid Composites
Authors: Karthikeyan R , Selvaraju P N , Sankaramoorthy T , Ramesh Bapu B R 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This project work is created by manual procedure of restoring the tiny tension. It will be occurring till one hour and difficulty in atmospheric temperature. We are producing four layers to changing the position and number of times. We investigated the flexures and ductile properties of sisal with glass fiber composites. The results of this paper slightly increasing the fiber properties. The layer grouping has more noteworthy impact on pliable, flexural properties. Generally speaking examination between the properties of the considerable number of covers uncovered that the half breed overlay (GSSG) with both end glass employs on either side is the ideal blend with an honest harmony between the properties and price. Limited component models are made with ANSYS recreation programming. These models are utilized to reproduce the effect tests for half and half fiber composite material with various stacking grouping. Diagrams are plotted to think about the effect conduct of various utilize directions. This innovation brief depicts an examination on to the sisal and glass fiber fortified plate and the particular points of interest of ANSYS Express for this sort of reenactment.
Influence of Roughness Parameter in Hydrodynamic Lubrication: A Special Case of Thrust Bearing
Authors: Rouf S , Fazili A H , Najar F A , Rehman S , Gulzar S , Malik S , Dhinakaran V 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Basic hydrodynamic lubrication theory has been considered in the present work. In this project, Reynolds equation in polar coordinates (r, θ) was derived from the Navier-Stokes and then it has been augmented with appropriate boundary condition and solved using a notable numerical technique namely finite difference method with a fast solver Gauss-Seidel (with relaxation factor 1.0). In the present investigation, hydrodynamic pressure generation in an oil film has been computed without the embodiment of roughness factor first and then compared with the incorporation of roughness factor between the sliding surfaces. It was behold from this study that there is a significant change in the pressure generation. So its conspicuous from the present investigation, the lubricant performance also relies on roughness factor at large. Therefore, it is the fruitful information for the designer while designing the hydrodynamic bearings irrespective of their type it is imperative to consider roughness factor suitably.
Experimental Investigation of Diesel Engine by using Paper Cup Waste as the Producer Gas with help of Down-Draft Gasifier
Authors: Thamizhvel R , Sethuraman N , Sakthivel M , Prabhakaran R 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
For the past few years, the generation of the solid waste was increasing which makes the environment pollution. In such solid waste products are reused by waste management process like gasifier. The solid waste products majorly dump into the municipal wastages, the paper cup waste was regular waste from the municipalities in such waste was regular in practice. Recycling of paper cups is not easy because it has a paraffin or polyethylene plastic and also need 150 years to degrade. So far focus on the recycling of paper cup waste, which was treated to the downdraft gasifier when the producer gas formed by means of supplying compressed air to the gasifier, After that the producer gas pass with inlet air into to the combustion chamber. In this project deals the analysis of paper cup waste which characterized by using TGA, CHN analysis and also evaluated the performance of CI engine.
Flexural Strength of Crushed Rock Dust Concrete at Elevated Temperatures
Authors: Venkata Sairam Kumar N 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This experimental study presents the effect of partial replacement of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) by crushed rock dust (CRD) as filler material on the flexural strength of concrete when subjected to elevated temperatures of 200 °C, 400 °C, 600 °C and 800 °C for duration of 2 hours using an electrically controlled furnace. The OPC replacement percentages are: 0% (C40), 10% (C41), 20% (C42), 30% (C43) and 40% (C44) by weight. Ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV), Mass loss, flexural strength, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) are evaluated at the targeted elevated temperatures. At ambient temperature, up to 40% CRD, a dense microstructure with less pores is observed using SEM micrographs. No visible cracks are observed on the beams specimens of C40 and CRD concrete beams, when exposed up to 400 oC. Both C40 and CRD concrete beams begin to crack when temperature reached to 600 °C and pronounced surface cracks are observed at 800 °C. UPV values obtained with C40 and CRD concrete beams at elevated temperatures are in good agreement with flexural strength and mass loss values. SEM micrographs signify the use of CRD in concrete at elevated temperatures. The results of C40 and CRD concrete beams at elevated temperatures are found to be acceptable when exposed up to 400 °C.
Parametric Studies of Abrasive Waterjet Machining parameters on Al/LaPO4 using Response Surface Method
Authors: Deepthi T , Balamurugan K , Balamurugan P 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In the Al6061 matrix composite, 15% weight percent of lanthanum phosphate (LaPO4) is added as a reinforcement to prepare a composite material. The composite is fabricated using a 2-Stage stir casting process. The machinability characteristic of the fabricated composite is measured using abrasive water jet machine at varied machining conditions. Water pressure, Stand-off distance and cutting speed are taken as dependent response to measure the kerf angle and surface finish. Water pressure and the cutting speed show a significant impact on kerf taper angle and surface profile roughness with a contribution of 40%. The effect of soft ceramic, LaPO4 in the matrix has low significance as it is easily removed with the cutting conditions and the influence caused by LaPO4 on kerf angle and surface finish is considerably low compared to other hard ceramic reinforcements.
Experimental Investigation and Fabrication of Palmyra Palm Natural Fiber with Tamarind seed powder Reinforced Composite
Authors: Srinivasan T , Bharani Kumar S , Suresh G , Ravi Rajesh , Lohesh Srinath S R , Ivon Paul A , Vishweshwaran M 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The usages of composite materials in industries are become as a growing trend due to their inherent material properties such as good strength, low thermal expansion and high strength-to-weight ratio. Among the many classifications of composite materials, natural fiber composites are generally preferred due to their unique characteristics such as bio-degradable property towards the environment. In this study, based on the above selection criteria, from Borassus Tree trunk, Palmyra palm fiber and tamarind powder is selected for the study to use the same for practical application. During this course of examination, tamarind seed powder along with the exact proportionate of Palmyra palm fiber (treated and untreated) has been taken as the reinforcement, similarly epoxy resin has been chosen as the matrix material. To thoroughly validate the physical strength of the individual combination, five set of specimens were fabricated (treated and untreated) as well as their physical strengths such as tensile, flexural, impact and moisture absorption tests were evaluated. Out of all the tests, treated fibers wer shown the better upsurge in tensile, flexural, impact and moisture tests as against the untreated fibers.
Characterization of Metal Matrix Composites reinforced with suitable reinforcement agents – A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Granesan S , Deepak Ganesh S , Arul Marcel Moshi A 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Invention of new materials is always essential for the growing industries. The materials which are newly invented or developed are expected to be of improved strength, light weight, simple preparation methods and lesser cost. Composite materials are found as better choices to be tested for satisfying the researchers’ expectations for different structural applications. Various research works are being performed with metal matrix composites (MMC) by incorporating suitable reinforcing agents with them in order to achieve better desirable properties. The current paper presents the researcher works so far carried out on distinct metal matrix composites, the incorporated reinforcement agents, the amount of reinforcement agents added, the preparation methods of MMCs and the details of mechanical characteristics which got improved out of the reinforcement. This cumulative work will surely be helpful for the researchers in this field in selecting suitable reinforcing agent for preparing their composites.
Mechanical characteristics of deep beams considering variable a/d ratios: an experimental investigation
Authors: Jabir Hussain A. , Mhalhal Jasim M , Al-Gasham Thaar S , Abid Sallal R. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn this investigation, the influence of the shear span to the effective depth ratio on the mechanical properties of deep beams was expansively illustrated. For this aim, three specimens representing deep beams with a medium scale were prepared using the same concrete grade. The specimens had similar dimensions of 1250 ×300×150 mm and identical details of reinforcement. The beams were subjected to a four-points load test, which was gradual until the specimens failed. Three different a/d ratios were inspected; 0.75, 1.25, and 1.75. the experimental observations were compared in terms of deformations, ultimate loads, stiffness, ductility, and toughness. The results of tests indicated that the a/d had a considerable influence on the mechanical characteristics of deep beams, except for ductility.
Tests on reinforced concrete deep beams with different web reinforcement types
Authors: Mhalhal Jasim M , Al-Gasham Thaar S , Abid Sallal R 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Due to the high depth to span ratio, shear stresses in deeps impose the need for careful design of shear strength. The shear strength of any reinforced concrete beam is the sum of its sectional strength and web reinforcement strength. Steel bar stirrups are the typical reinforcing material up to date for such a purpose; however, many studies were conducted to evaluate the use of other materials or different configurations to increase the shear strength of deep beams. In this research, closed-form steel plates (gagger plates) were used as alternative shear reinforcement in experimental deep beams. Three beams were cast and tested in four-point bending to investigate this possibility. The first was kept as a reference beam as it was reinforced with conventional closed stirrups, while the rest two beams were reinforced with 4 mm thick and 20 mm wide gagger plates. One with in-plane configuration, where the 20 mm side was aligned in the plane of the beam section, while the third beam was reinforced with out-of-plane gagger plates. Based on the test results, the mechanical behavior of beams with steel plates was noticeably improved compared to the reference beam with conventional stirrups. The in-plane configuration was superior to the out-of-plane and reference beams in strength, service stiffness, ductility, and toughness.
Prediction of the maximum temperature of steel I-beam under the effect of environment parameters
Authors: Abid Sallal R , Al-Bugharbee Hussein 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In this work, prediction of the maximum temperature in steel beam is investigated under the effects of the atmospheric thermal loads. The current work presents a nonlinear formula that relates the steel beam maximum temperature to the solar radiation, air temperature and wind speed. The datasets were obtained experimentally from an I-section steel beam that was installed in the field. The data cover the surface temperature at different locations on the beam section, air temperature, solar radiation and wind speed, which were recorded over 21 summer days. Two different correlation formulas were introduced and their performance was compared. Based on the results obtained in this study, the beam maximum temperature can be predicted accurately with a correlation coefficient of approximately 0.94 from solar radiation, air temperature, wind speed and their duplicates.
Experimental Investigation on the Effect of Fused Deposition Modelling Parameters for HIPS Material by Experimental Design and MRO Techniques
Authors: Mohammed Raffic N , Ganesh Babu K , Selvakumar S , Radhakrishnan S 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) is one of the popular AM technique which utilizes thin thermoplastic filaments to create prototypes and end use products. The parts processed through FDM method have poor mechanical properties and surface quality characteristics in comparison to conventional manufactured products. Extensive research is underway in various parts of the world to bring an enhancement in mechanical properties and other related characteristics of the parts produced through FDM for making the process highly suitable to produce parts for diverse applications. The present work considers slice height, infill density, shell thickness and raster angle varied din three levels (34) to study their effects over output responses such as specimen weight, flexural strain and flexural strength. Taguchi’s L9 orthogonal array is considered for preparing the experimental plan. Flexural testing is adopted for the evaluation of flexural strength. Grey Relational Analysis and Technique of Order Preference Similarity to the Ideal Solution methods have been adopted for multi response optimization of FDM parameters and the optimized parameter setting recommended have been validated through confirmation trials. The confirmation trail conducted has revealed that the setting recommended by TOPSIS A1B3C3D1 has shown higher flexural strength and slice height is found to be most significant factor. GRA method has recommended the combination A3B3C3D1 which shows lesser flexural strain and infill density is found to be significant from all the parameters considered.
Strategic Review on Different Materials for FinFET Structure Performance Optimization
Authors: Bindu Madhavi K , Tripathi Suman Lata 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In this paper, the strategic review of different materials that are used in FinFET structure is studied. This is achieved by using carefully designed source/drain spacers and doped extensions to mitigate the off-current, typically high in narrow band-gap materials, as part of a CMOS compatible replacement-metal gate process flow. FinFETs are promising substitutes for bulk complementary metal oxide semiconductor. FinFETs are dual-gate devices and Good electrostatic characteristics which are obtained in a wide range of device dimensions. The simulations provide further insights into device functionality and about the dominant off-state leakage mechanisms. The GaAs material was examined by scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) and the epitaxial structures showed good crystal quality. In this various types of materials are used and studied they are FinFET based Dual KK-structure, InGaAs-on-Insulator FinFET, Double Gate based n-FinFET using Hafnium oxide, SOI-FinFETs, MosFET (Multi gate), Deeply Scaled CMOS, FinFET, Selective Epitaxial Si Growth in FinFET and Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) in FinFET. Furthermore, we demonstrate a controlled GaAs digital etching process to create doped extensions below the source-drain spacer regions.
Analysis of Structural Failures and Remedial Measures
Authors: Dung Do Thi My , Khai Lam Thanh Quang , Cong Bang TRUONG 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Structural failures are one of the important phenomena which should be very important to dealt with. Structural failures occur then and causing heavy damage to both property and human lives. Structural elements include beam, column, slab etc. The failure of the horizontal load bearing member beam is considered. The beams of Eighteen members were casted; keeping three as control specimens and others grouped into Five groups. All specimens are subjected to Failure load and Five methods of retrofitting were done. After the curing period the retrofitted elements were tested for Ultimate load bearing capacity. The values are tabulated and compared. The best method regarding high load bearing strength and lowest deflection were found out.
Modelling and Optimizing Process Parameters of AISI D2 Tool Steel for WEDM automation
Authors: Kumar Aneesh 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The AISI D2 tool steel are the material that for machining of heat treated AISI D2 tool steel, a highly developed method must be employed. Due to exceptional thermo-mechanical properties and superior wear resistance AISI D2 tool steel are finding widespread applications in a lot of manufacturing industries. WEDM is one of the highly developed and sophisticated methods for making of intricate shapes and convoluted details as required for dies and punches. For efficient machining, the need of optimization and appropriate choices of process parameters such as Material Removal Rate and Surface Roughness is utmost goal.