bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Editorial
Authors: García Ligia 
Published: December 2020

La Universidad Nacional de Jaén, desde Enero del 2013, pone a disposición de la comunidad, su Revista científica Pakamuros. Los artículos expuestos, exhiben trabajos que pasaron por un riguroso proceso de revisión por pares ciegos, en investigaciones sobre Ingeniería, Educación y Salud, áreas clave para el desarrollo sostenible de la sociedad.
El ciclo de vida que transcurre en la Revista Pakamuros, es meritorio porque, a más de ser de acceso abierto, ha logrado posicionarse de manera gratuita para nuestros científicos deseosos de publicar y nuestros lectores deseosos de aprender, lo que constituye un anclaje de la ciencia, que cierra los vacíos científicos y que permiten trazar el camino del desarrollo basado en evidencias. Las citas conseguidas de nuestras publicaciones, premian las labores de edición científica.
Creo, sin temor a equivocarme, que Pakamuros es una expresión de la necesidad de la sociedad, en comunicar sus avances y que permitan transferir sus conocimientos científicos para cumplir con el compromiso de contribución científica para mejorar la calidad de vida de las personas, consiguiendo una sociedad informada con potencial y útil información.
Asumimos con compromiso, los retos científicos, que avanzan a pasos agigantados en las áreas de Ingeniería, Educación y Salud, y que integran un enfoque no sólo multidisciplinario, sino transdisciplinario para las transformaciones necesarias de nuestra sociedad.
What influences the infection of COVID-19 in healthcare workers?
Authors: Lai Xiaoquan , Zhou Qian , Zhang Xinping , Tan Li 
Published: December 2020

Introduction: The outbreak of COVID-19 has spread worldwide. The evidence about risk factors of healthcare workers who infected COVID-19 is limited. This study aims to describe characteristics and influencing factors of the COVID-19 infection in healthcare workers.
Methodology: The study was performed among COVID-19 infected and uninfected healthcare workers in three hospitals in Wuhan. A total of 325 healthcare workers participated; among them 151 COVID-19-infected healthcare workers were included. Characteristics of infected healthcare workers, and influencing factors including exposure histories, the use of protective equipment in different risk conditions and areas, perceptions, emotions, satisfactions and educations were described and analyzed.
Results: Healthcare workers got infected clustered mostly in the physical examination center. When performing general operations on confirmed or suspected patients, the use of protective equipment including the effectiveness of masks (p < 0.001), gloves (p < 0.001); and the use of gloves (p < 0.001), suits (p < 0.001), gowns (p < 0.001), shoe covers (p < 0.001), and hats (p < 0.001) were protective factors. The use of protective equipment was a protective factor in most cases. Negative emotions and dissatisfaction to the hospital response were associated with the increased risk of infection.
Conclusions: The use of protective equipment, emotions and satisfactions to hospital responses are key COVID-19-infected factors. The awareness, the supply and the use of protective equipment, the layout of departments and other environmental and management factors should be strictly equipped. In addition, hospitals should also pay attention to emotions and satisfaction of healthcare workers.
Epidemiological trends of malaria in the Western regions of Saudi Arabia: a cross sectional study
Authors: Amer Omar SO , Waly Mohamed I , Burhan Izhar W , Al-Malki Esam S , Smida Amor , Al-Benasy Kamal S 
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Saudi Arabia has successfully reduced malaria cases to be constrained largely in the western regions. This study aimed to determine the epidemiological trends of malaria infection in five western regions of Saudi Arabia.
Methodology: A retrospective analysis was conducted to investigate the epidemiological trends of malaria infection in the western regions, based on the published registry of the Saudi Ministry of Health, during the period from 2014 to 2017 using the appropriate statistical tools.
Results: A total of 8925 confirmed cases of malaria were reported in the western regions during the period from 2014 to 2017 with the mean of 2231 malaria cases per year. The minimum (n = 1097) and maximum (n = 4075) number of cases were reported in 2014 and 2016 respectively. The highest (n = 5919, 66.3%) number of cases were reported from Jazan region, while lowest (n = 86, 1.0%) number of cases were reported from Al-Bahah region. Plasmodium falciparum was the most frequently reported species with 7485 (83.9%) cases, while Plasmodium vivax accounted 1386 (15.5%) cases. Plasmodium malariae and mixed infections were insignificant and accounted 0.5% (n = 48) and 0.1% (n = 6) cases respectively. In relation to malaria infection and age group, malaria was predominant in > 15 age group. The highest number of malaria cases in almost all years was observed from January until March and the lowest number was reported from May until July.
Conclusions: Plasmodium falciparum was the most dominant species in this survey and Jazan was the most affected region.
A global food plant dataset for wild silkmoths and hawkmoths and its use in documenting polyphagy of their caterpillars (Lepidoptera: Bombycoidea: Saturniidae, Sphingidae)
Authors: Ballesteros Mejia Liliana , Arnal Pierre , Hallwachs Winnie , Haxaire Jean , Janzen Daniel , Kitching Ian , Rougerie Rodolphe 
Published: December 2020

Herbivorous insects represent a major fraction of global biodiversity and the relationships they have established with their food plants range from strict specialists to broad generalists. Our knowledge of these relationships is of primary importance to basic (e.g. the study of insect ecology and evolution) and applied biology (e.g. monitoring of pest or invasive species) and yet remains very fragmentary and understudied. In Lepidoptera, caterpillars of families Saturniidae and Sphingidae are rather well known and considered to have adopted contrasting preferences in their use of food plants. The former are regarded as being rather generalist feeders, whereas the latter are more specialist.
To assemble and synthesise the vast amount of existing data on food plants of Lepidoptera families Saturniidae and Sphingidae, we combined three major existing databases to produce a dataset collating more than 26,000 records for 1256 species (25% of all species) in 121 (67%) and 167 (81%) genera of Saturniidae and Sphingidae, respectively. This dataset is used here to document the level of polyphagy of each of these genera using summary statistics, as well as the calculation of a polyphagy score derived from the analysis of Phylogenetic Diversity of the food plants used by the species in each genus.
A classification system for predicting invasiveness using climatic niche traits and global distribution models: application to alien plant species in Chile
Authors: Bustamante Ramiro O. , Alves Lúa , Goncalves Estefany , Duarte Milen , Herrera Ileana 
Published: December 2020

Functional traits that predict plant invasiveness are a central issue in invasion ecology. However, in many cases they are difficult to determine, especially for a large set of species. Climatic niche traits can overcome this problem due to the ease of acquiring them for a large number of species. This effort is critical given that knowledge of species invasiveness is necessary (although not sufficient) to anticipate/manage invasive species.
In this study, we examined thermal and hydric niche traits to predict plant invasiveness. We used a set of 49 alien plant species, representative of the alien flora of Chile. Niche traits were obtained using environmental information (WorldClim) and global occurrences. Invasiveness was estimated using global niche models and projection of the potential distribution in Chile. As a final step, we reviewed the literature for a subset of species, documenting their impacts on a) biodiversity, b) crop agriculture and c) livestock.
Thermal niche breadth and thermal niche position were the most important niche traits to predict potential distribution (a proxy of invasiveness). Using thermal niche breadth and niche position traits, we constructed a graphical model that classifies alien species as highly invasive (wide thermal niche breadth and low niche position) or low potential to be invasive (narrow niche breadth and high niche position). We also found no association between our invasiveness classification and the documented impact of alien species.
Breaking up is hard to do Royaume-Uni et Union européenne après le Brexit
Authors: Faucher Florence , Hay Colin , David Dominique 
Published: December 2020

En dépit des postures, Royaume-Uni et Union européenne cherchent tous deux un accord. Mais la stratégie du bord du gouffre de Londres, et la maîtrise de Bruxelles sur le calendrier et le déroulement des négociations pourraient ne permettre qu’un « accord faute de mieux ». De style « australien » ou « canadien », un accord commercial de dernier moment aurait de rudes conséquences économiques pour le Royaume-Uni, dans le cadre d’un Brexit menaçant le système politique et l’unité même du Royaume 1 . politique étrangère
La politique étrangère britannique après le Brexit : la géographie, c’est le destin
Authors: Wall Stephen , Boulaigue Inès 
Published: December 2020

La vision britannique des rapports du Royaume-Uni au monde renvoie à la fois à la géographie et à l’histoire d’une puissance impériale. Mais le Brexit éclaire durement les changements du positionnement britannique : illusions sur la bienveillance américaine ; dépendance vis-à-vis des normes européennes sans pouvoir peser sur elles ; limitation des moyens d’influence extérieure. Union européenne et Royaume-Uni doivent trouver les moyens d’une nouvelle coopération, en particulier dans le domaine de la sécurité. politique étrangère
La France et l’UE en Méditerranée : entre esprit de système et réalités
Authors: Daguzan Jean-François 
Published: December 2020

La France et la Turquie s’opposent en Méditerranée sur les crises régionales (Libye, Syrie), et la délimitation des eaux territoriales entre Athènes et Ankara. Au-delà de ces oppositions, la France peut-elle mettre en œuvre une stratégie dépassant les échecs des grandes machines diplomatiques des deux dernières décennies (processus de Barcelone, UpM) ? Et l’Union européenne, qui semble décidée à parler d’une seule voix, aidera-t-elle à passer des rêves de systèmes aux coopérations concrètes ? politique étrangère
Descartes et l’ambivalence de la philosophie générale
Authors: Arbib Dan 
Published: December 2020

Le cartésianisme nous offre une philosophie générale ouverte sur deux déterminations : une détermination formelle, comme apprentissage du jugement ( méthode ), et une détermination matérielle, comme science des premiers objets offerts à l’entendement et indéterminés dans leur nombre ( métaphysique ). Ces deux voies ont été et demeurent structurantes pour la philosophie elle-même.
Ce qu’enseigne la comparaison entre les philosophies européenne, chinoise et japonaise du XVIII e s. sur les rapports de la philosophie à la culture savante
Authors: Citot Vincent 
Published: December 2020

Le XVIII e siècle correspond à une période exceptionnelle dans les histoires des philosophies européenne, chinoise et japonaise. C’est en effet à cette époque qu’apparaît une nouvelle classe de libres penseurs renouvelant puissamment la vie intellectuelle, que la réflexion se tourne vers l’étude de la nature et de la société en adoptant un état d’esprit positif et, enfin, qu’un nouveau type de savoir sur l’homme se dessine qui prendra peu après la forme des « sciences humaines ». Aussi bien en Europe qu’en Chine et au Japon, les grands penseurs du XVIII e siècle sont identiquement philosophes et savants. Or dès les années 1775-1800, le nombre de ces philosophes-savants décline brusquement tandis que les sciences franchissent un cap décisif dans la voie de l’autonomisation disciplinaire. Il s’agit de comprendre comment s’est opéré la séparation science-philosophie et quelles en sont les conséquences pour la vitalité de la production philosophique.
Bacteriological Analysis of Ready-to-eat Foods from Morogoro Municipal Market
Authors: Ndunguru J.N. , Ndossi D.G. 
Published: December 2020

Street vendors supply large quantities of food at affordable prices in many places especially in developing countries. Street foods are common sources of bacteriological contamination causing food poisoning, diarrhea, cholera and typhoid fever. This study analyzed the bacteriological quality of ready-to-eat foods vended in Morogoro Municipal Market. A total of 70 samples from different street foods were randomly collected from different vendors and transported in cool boxes to the laboratory for bacteriological analysis. Standard microbiological methods were used for isolation, enumeration and identification of bacteria. Additional information regarding food preparation, storage and handling practices observed by vendors was noted to correlate with the extent of bacterial contamination. Majority (67.1%) of the ready to eat foods were contaminated with bacteria. Vegetable salads and Potato fries showed highest bacterial contamination rates (78.6%). Escherichia coli (49.2%) was the major isolate in all food types. Other bacteria isolated were Bacillus cereus (19.7%), Staphylococcus aureus (14.8%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (14.8%) and Salmonella spp. (1.6%). E. coli was resistant to some antimicrobials (carbenicilin, clindamycin and tetracycline). High levels of bacterial contamination were associated with poor hygiene of vendors, unsafe food handling practices and use of contaminated water in food preparation. Although the presence of the microorganisms is not necessarily a threat to human health, the fact that some microorganisms were resistant to some antibiotics is of concern. Provision of sanitation and hygiene education to vendors and regulations for implementation of good hygienic practices can improve quality of street foods
TANGGUNGJAWAB NEGARA MELINDUNGI GURU DALAM MELAKSANAKAN TUGAS PROFESIONALNYA
Authors: Triputra Yuli Asmara , Kesuma Derry Angling , Oktanisa Silvana , Meirani Wasitoh 
Published: December 2020

Abstrak

Guru adalah pendidik profesional yang tugas dan perannya telah diatur dalam peraturan perundang-undangan. Negara selaku pemangku kewajiban dalam melindungi warga negara terkhusus guru, dituntut peran aktifnya dalam melindungi guru dari tindakan kriminalisasi akibat melaksanakan tugas profesionalnya.
Pada tataran peraturan, pemerintah telah melakukan tindakan aktif berupa pengundangan beberapa peraturan terkait tugas dan peran guru. Namun dalam taraf penegakan hukum, masih sering ditemui guru yang berhadapan dengan hukum akibat laporan dari orang tua murid atas tindakan guru yang mendisiplinkan murid.
Mahkamah Agung selaku judex juris, melalui Putusan Nomor : 1554K/ Pid/ 2013 telah memvonis bebas guru di Majalengka yang bernama Aop Saopudin selaku terdakwa karena Mahkamah Agung menganggap apa yang dilakukannya sudah menjadi tugasnya dan bukan bukan merupakan suatu tindak pidana dan terdakwa tidak dapat dijatuhi pidana atas perbuatan/tindakannya tersebut karena bertujuan untuk mendidik agar menjadi murid yang baik dan berdisiplin.
Putusan Mahkamah Agung merupakan wujud tanggungjawab negara melalui lembaga kekuasaan kehakiman memberikan perlindungan terhadap guru dalam melaksanakan tugas profesionalnya.

Kata Kunci : Tanggungjawab negara, Perlindungan, Guru.

Abstract

Teachers are professional educators whose duties and roles have been regulated in the legislation. The state as a stakeholder in protecting citizens, especially teachers, is required to play an active role in protecting teachers from criminalization due to carrying out their professional duties.
At the regulatory level, the government has taken active action in the form of the invite of several regulations related to the duties and roles of teachers. However, in law enforcement level, there are still often teachers who face the law due to reports from parents of students for the actions of teachers who discipline students.
The Supreme Court as judex juris, through The Verdict Number: 1554K / Pid / 2013 has sentenced a free teacher in Majalengka named Aop Saopudin as a defendant because the Supreme Court considers what he did has become his duty and not a criminal act and the defendant can not be sentenced for his actions because it aims to educate to be a good student and disciplined.
The Supreme Court's decision is a manifestation of the state's responsibility through the institution of judicial power to provide protection to teachers in carrying out their professional duties.
El Mercado Verde en Latinoamérica y la Responsabilidad Social Empresarial
Authors: Sánchez David , Aguilar Kevin 
Published: December 2020

El presente trabajo se enfocó a profundizar sobre el tema de las economías verdes y la Responsabilidad Social Empresarial. A través de una investigación documental, se logró evidenciar que las economías verdes siguen estando muy poco desarrolladas en todas partes del mundo, donde Europa es la que más avances posee en dicho tema, quedándose Latinoamérica rezagada al respecto por problemas tecnológicos y de desarrollo. Sobre la responsabilidad social se pudo entender que la misma representa una piedra angular para el desarrollo de las naciones y una de las vías más relevantes para alcanzar la sostenibilidad, reduciéndose problemas como la pobreza y el impacto medioambiental. Se concluyó que la importancia de estos trabajos de investigación radica en la amplitud del análisis que proponen, lo que sirve como un elemento referencial de gran calado desde el cual partir para otras investigaciones.
Palabras Clave: Sostenibilidad, Responsabilidad, Sociedad, Desarrollo.
Referencias
[1]M. Mordt, «Soluciones ambientales sostenibles y economía verde e inclusiva: América Latina en la senda del cambio,» 2019.
[2]A. Martínez y A. Porcelli, «Reflexiones sobre la economía verde. El New Deal Ecológico Mundial,» Revista LEX, vol. 15, nº 19, pp. 361-408, 2017.
[3]Global Green Growth Institute, «Green Growth Index Concept,» 2019.
[4]J. F. Cajiga Calderón, «El concepto de responsabilidad social empresarial,» Ciudad de México, 2007.
[5]J. A. Cortés y E. Flores, Responsabilidad social, Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo Ecuador, 2017.
[6]J. M. Araque Ramírez, «Responsabilidad Social del Ingeniero,» San José de Cúcuta, 2016.
Uma Proposta para Automação de Bases de Dados Simuladas de Faltas de Alta Impedância
Authors: Mangueira Lima Érica , Costa Lucena Mateus , Silva Dantas Brito Núbia , Alencar de Souza Benemar 
Published: December 2020

As etapas para a construção automática de uma base de dados simulada para faltas de alta impedância são apresentadas neste trabalho, visando suprir a escassez de registros oscilográficos reais para este tipo de falta. Os softwares Matlab R e ATP são utilizados para estruturação e simulação dos cenários. O conceito de automação robótica de processos é adotado enquanto solução para integração dos softwares e automação do sistema, utilizando a linguagem Python. Em auxílio a tomada de decisões, a teoria dos grafos é aplicada à seleção das variáveis de simulação. Os resultados apresentados evidenciam ganhos produtivos e sugerem que a metodologia adotada pode ser aplicada na construção de bases de dados simulados de outros distúrbios dos sistemas elétricos de potência.
Move blocking Model Predictive Control of a helicopter with three degrees of freedom
Authors: Toniere Giovanelli Rogério , Junqueira Magalhães Afonso Rubens 
Published: December 2020

This work presents the use of a move blocking algorithm in the Model Predictive Control (MPC) of a helicopter with three degrees of freedom (3DoF). Considerations about the feasibility of the MPC solutions and robustness of the control law are developed to propose an internal feedback gain array using Linear Matrix Inequalities (LMIs). The objective of this structure is to grant adjustment exibility of the plant dynamics through a D-stable region and to reduce the computational complexity of the problem.
Gestão do controle avançado da área de refino da Petrobras
Authors: G. S. Longhi Luís , F. L. Moro Lincoln , C. Zanin Antônio , V. O. Magalhães Marcus 
Published: December 2020

O controle avançado é uma ferramenta de excelência operacional baseada na tecnologia MPC (controle preditivo baseado em modelos), atuando na eficiência, integridade e confiabilidade das unidades de processo. A Petrobras possui em torno de uma centena de aplicações multivariáveis nas suas refinarias, gerando benefícios superiores a 100 milhões de dólares por ano. É bem conhecido o fato de que os benefícios do controle avançado começam a reduzir com o passar do tempo se não há um suporte técnico adequado para as aplicações. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar a estratégia de gestão utilizada pela Petrobras para garantir, não apenas a efetiva utilização das soluções implantadas, mas também, para aumentar o escopo das aplicações já existentes.
Produção de Biodiesel de óleo cru refinado e óleo de fritura de soja
Authors: Rosa Anderson , Miranda Amauri Ghellere Garcia , Lewandoski Cristiano Fernando , Santos Reginaldo Ferreira 
Published: December 2020

A busca pela redução na pegada ambiental que deixamos em nosso planeta depende fortemente da descarbonificação dos processos de geração de energia. Este artigo teve como objetivo avaliar questões energéticas do biodiesel proveniente de óleo de soja. Para tal, óleo cru refinado e óleo utilizado no processo de fritura de alimentos foram utilizados para produção de biodiesel e, consequentemente, glicerina. O processo de produção do biodiesel adotado foi o de transesterificação, utilizando utilizando metanol e hidróxido de potássio (KOH). Os ensaios e análises foram realizadas no Núcleo de Inovações Tecnológicas – NIT, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná – Unioeste. Foram realizadas três fabricações de biodiesel para cada tipo de óleo, as análises foram realizadas em duplicata para cada biodiesel totalizando seis resultados de cada analise para os dois tipos de óleo, os resultados apresentados são as médias aritméticas das análises. O rendimento na produção do biodiesel de óleo cru de soja foi 5,7% superior ao rendimento quando comparado ao óleo de fritura, 92,80% e 87,10% respectivamente. Análises realizadas com os produtos resultantes, biodiesel e glicerina, indicaram que ambos os produtos se enquadraram a normas regulamentadoras apresentadas pela ANP. Portanto, a utilização de óleo de soja residual do processo de fritura de alimentos é uma alternativa tecnicamente adequada para produção de biodiesel.
Natureza jurídica das medidas cautelares administrativas patrimoniais
Authors: Cabral Flávio Garcia 
Published: December 2020

Resumo:
O artigo busca investigar qual a natureza jurídica das medidas cautelares administrativas patrimoniais diante do ordenamento jurídico brasileiro. Embora o poder cautelar administrativo do Estado seja um importante dever-poder da Administração Pública, que assegura a eficácia dos processos administrativo e atende ao interesse público, trata-se de temática ainda pouco estudada e traz dúvidas quanto ao seu regime jurídico. Ao final, em atenção ao seu conteúdo, verificar-se-á que as medidas cautelares administrativas se constituem como sacrifícios parciais do direito que, como regra, por ausência de previsão normativa, não geram indenização por parte do Estado, desde que aplicadas nos limites jurídicos determinados.