bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Time To Recovery From Moderate Acute Malnutrition And Its Predictors Among 6-59 Months Children Targeted For Supplementary Feeding In Shalla District, West Arsi Zone, Ethiopia, 2018.
Authors: Sadeta Kebede Kumsa , silassie Wondwosen Tekle 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Abstract Background-Globally, acute malnutrition accounts for >50% cases of childhood mortality in under 5 children each year. Moderate acute malnutrition treatment would be to reduce child mortality and morbidity. Study done in Ethiopia showed treatment food share, lack of water and other factor suggested to cause lower chance of recovery at end of 16 week as per Ethiopian acute malnutrition treatment guide line. Methods- Retrospective cohort study design was conducted among children aged 6–59 months which were treated in targeted supplementary feeding program. A total of 402 children were selected from eight health posts by systematic random sampling. Data were collected by reviewing registration records and interview from January 1-10/2018. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20, bivariate and multivariate statistical methods were used to analyze and describe the data and p < 0.05 was considered as significant. Results-the overall average timely recovery was 15 week (SD,3.3). Children treated by super cereal were 2.44 times more likely to recover timely than children treated by corn soybean blend (AHR 2.44; 95% CI 1.85-3.21). Children that had regular follows up has 48% (AHR 1.48; 95% CI 1.09-2.00) more chance of recovery than intermittent treatment follow up, children’s from sever food in secured family had 51% lower chance to recover than moderate food insecured house hold (AHR 0.49; 95% CI 0.21-0.11) and, admission MUAC³11.6 cm had 1.18 times higher proportion of recovery than admission MUAC = 11.5 cm (AHR 1.18; 95% CI 1.13-1.12). Children who have no transport access has 2 times lower proportion of recovery than who have access (AHR 0.5; 95% CI 0.38-0.64). Conclusion- the mean time to recovery was 15 week which is consistent with the national standard 16 weeks. Type of treatment foods, treatment follow up status, and admission mid upper arm circumference had significant association with time recovery moderate acute malnutrition treatment.
Economic costs incurred by the patients with Multiple Sclerosis at different levels of the disease: a cross-sectional study in northwest Iran
Authors: Imani Ali , Gharibi Farid , Khezri Ali , Joudyian Nasrin , Dalal Koustuv 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background Multiple sclerosis (MS) causes significant economic burden to the patients, families, health systems and society. This study aimed to estimate the economic costs incurred by patients with multiple sclerosis at different levels of the disease.Method This was a cross-sectional study, using the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) tool for assessing the disease level of 300 (=N) patients in East Azerbaijan province, Iran. To estimate the cost of MS, a questionnaire with its validity and reliability (CVR 92% and CVI 87%) and pilot test (Cronbach's alpha score 0.89) was used. The data were collected by interviewing patients and reviewing their clinical records. Linear regression and ANOVA were used to assess the relationship between disease levels and incurred costs.Results The results revealed that the mean annual cost for patients is 97,521,740 IRR (equivalent to 2,321.94 USD) and the mean score of EDSS in patients was 3.14. The annual cost incurred by patients with mild, moderate and severe levels of disease were 83,918,150 IRR (998.05 USD), 137,772,660 IRR (3,280.30 USD) and 119,962,670 IRR (2,856.25 USD) respectively. Also, there was a significant relationship between total cost and disease severity in such a way that any increase in EDSS degree is led to 8,139,260 IRR (193.79 USD) added cost for patients.Conclusion The study results could be helpful for Iranian health managers to solve problems which are facing patients and their families.
Role of regulatory T-cells on ischemic stroke outcome: new clinical evidences
Authors: Santamaría-Cadavid María , Rodríguez-Castro Emilio , Rodríguez-Yáñez Manuel , Arias-Rivas Susana , López-Dequidt Iria , Pérez-Mato María , Rodríguez-Pérez Manuel , López-Loureiro Ignacio , Hervella Pablo , Campos Francisco , Castillo José , Iglesias-Rey Ramón , Sobrino Tomás 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: Recent preclinical studies have shown that regulatory T (Treg) cells play a key role in the immune response after ischemic stroke (IS). However, the role of Treg-cells in human acute IS has been poorly investigated. Our aim was to study the relationship between circulating Treg-cells and outcome in human IS patients.Methods Methods: A total of 204 IS patients and 22 control subjects were recruited. The main study variable was good functional outcome at 3 months (modified Rankin scale ≤2) considering infarct volume, Early Neurological Deterioration (END) and risk of infections as secondary variables. The percentage of circulating Treg-cells was measured at admission, 48, 72h and at day 7 after stroke onset.Results Results: Circulating Treg-cell levels were higher in IS patients compared to control subjects. Treg-cells at 48h were independently associated with good functional outcome (OR, 3.5; CI: 1.9-7.8) after adjusting by confounding factors. Patients with lower Treg-cells at 48h showed higher frequency of END and risk of infections. In addition, a negative correlation was found between circulating Treg-cells at 48h (r=-0.414) and 72h (r=-0.418) and infarct volume. Conclusions: These findings suggest that Treg-cells may participate in the recovery of IS patients. Therefore, Treg-cells may be considered a potential therapeutic target in acute ischemic stroke.
Cardiovascular dysautonomia and cognitive impairment in Lewy body disease
Authors: Oka Hisayoshi , Umehara Tadashi , Nakahara Atsuo , Matsuno Hiromasa 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background Cognitive impairment may be correlated with cardiovascular dysautonomia, including blood pressure (BP) dysregulation, in Parkinson’s disease (PD), but the association between these factors in dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is uncertain. This study aimed to clarify whether cardiovascular dysautonomia had an influence on cognitive function in Lewy body disease or not. Methods 99 patients with de novo PD (n=75) and DLB (n=24) were evaluated using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB). Cardiac 123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) scintigraphy, orthostatic hypotension (OH), supine hypertension (SH), postprandial hypotension (PPH), nocturnal BP fall in 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) and constipation were estimated. Associations of these factors with cognitive and executive dysfunction were examined. Results In DLB, MIBG uptake was reduced and OH, PPH and SH were severely disturbed, compared to PD. The nocturnal BP fall in ABPM was lower in DLB, and the failure of nocturnal BP fall in PD was associated with MMSE, after adjustment for other clinical features. FAB was significantly associated nocturnal BP fall, age and SH in PD, but no significant correlations among factors were found for DLB. Conclusion The significant association between nocturnal BP dysregulation and cognitive or executive decline in PD might be due to impaired microvascular circulation or invasion of α-synuclein in the CNS. The lack of a correlation of BP insufficiency with cognitive impairment in DLB suggests initial involvement of Lewy body pathology in the neocortex, regardless of Lewy body invasion of the autonomic nervous system.
The Development of a Return to Work Intervention Programme for Stroke Survivor (SReTWIP): A Delphi Survey
Authors: Olaoye Olumide Ayoola , Soeker Shaheed Moghammad , Rhoda Anthea 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background Even though clearly defined pathways for vocational re-entry are well recognized for conditions such as mental health, musculoskeletal dysfunction and traumatic brain injury, none has been identified for stroke as there have been a lack of consensus regarding such clear pathways to vocational re-entry and the essential contents of RTW interventions for stroke survivors. As part of a larger study aimed to design a RTW programme for stroke survivors, this study described the concluding process through which Stroke Return to Work Intervention Programme (SReTWIP) was developed.Methods Experts in the field of neurorehabilitation and vocational rehabilitation (VR) from 6 countries participated in a 3-round Delphi survey by e-mail to design a RTW programme for stroke survivor. Concept mapping was used to triangulate findings from the Delphi with previous phases of the larger study. Content thematic analysis was conducted on quantitative data while descriptive statistic was used to analyse quantitative data.Results Fifteen experts with a mean age of 44.73±9.48 years and mean duration of practice of 18.26±8.71 years responded to this study. The developed RTW programme, SReTWIP, is a 12 week programme that consisted of four interconnected phases of intervention: an assessment phase, clinic-based work and non-work specific intervention phase, a work test placement phase and a client full participation in worker role phase. The panelist generally agreed on a set of implementation strategies that involve the use of interdisciplinary team, the tailoring of intervention to meet stroke survivor’s needs, as well as the use of case management approach.Conclusion The SReTWIP is the first step in developing a VR pathway that could ultimately enhance the RTW rates and quick resumption of the worker role of stroke survivors. The stroke survivor can move along the different phases of the SReTWIP after achieving competency in a preceding phase. Future work will include a feasibility study with other key stakeholders involved in RTW such as employers, informal caregivers and the stroke survivors before its implementation.
Basic Characterization of Plant Actin Depolymerizing Factors: A Simplified, Streamlined Guide
Authors: Sengupta Sonali , Rajasekaran Kanniah , Baisakh Niranjan 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Actin depolymerizing factors (ADFs) are small monomeric actin-binding proteins that alter the oligomeric state of cellular actin. Members of the ADF family can bind both the G-actin and F-actin in plants, and their functions are regulated by cellular pH, ionic strength and availability of other binding partners. Actin depolymerization activity is reportedly essential for plant viability. By binding to the ADP-bound form of actin, ADFs severe actin filaments and thereby provide more barbed filament ends for polymerization. They also increase the rate of dissociation of F-actin monomer by changing the helical twist of the actin filament. These two activities together make ADF the major regulator of actin dynamics in plant cell. Therefore, it is essential to measure the binding and depolymerization activity of the plant ADFs. Here, we present a simplified, streamlined step-by-step protocol to quickly measure these important functions of the ADF proteins in vitro.
The influences of Morphine or Ketamine pre-treatment on hemodynamic, acid-base status, biochemical markers of brain damage and early survival in rats after asphyxial cardiac arrest
Authors: Kuklin Vladimir , Akhatov Nurlan , Kondratiev Timofei , Konkayev Aidos , Baigenzhin Abai , Konkayeva Maiya , Karibekov Temirlan , Barlow Nicholas , Tveita Torkjel , Dahl Vegard 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background : In different models of hypoxia, blockade of opioid or N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors shows cardio- and neuroprotective effects with a consequent increase in animal survival. The aim of the study was to investigate effects of pre-treatment with Morphine or Ketamine on hemodynamic, acid-base status, early survival, and biochemical markers of brain damage in a rat model of asphyxial cardiac arrest (ACA).
Methods: Under anaesthesia with Thiopental Sodium 60 mg/kg, i.p., Wistar rats (n=42) were tracheostomized and catheters were inserted in a femoral vein and artery. After randomization, the rats were pre-treated with: Morphine 5 mg/kg i.v. (n=14); Ketamine 40 mg/kg iv (n=14); or equal volume of i.v. NaCl 0.9% as a Control (n=14). ACA was induced by corking of tracheal tube for 8 min, and defined as a mean arterial pressure (MAP) < 20 mmHg. Resuscitation was started at 5 min after cardiac arrest (CA). Invasive MAP was recorded during experiments. Arterial pH and blood gases were sampled at baseline (BL) and 10 min after CA. At the end of experiments, all surviving rats were euthanised, brain and blood samples for measurement of Neuron Specific Enolase (NSE), s100 calcium binding protein B (s100B) and Caspase-3 (CS-3) were retrieved.
Results: At BL no differences between groups were found in hemodynamic or acid-base status. After 3 min of asphyxia, all animals had ()cardiac arrest (MAP < 20 mm Hg). Return of spontaneous circulation (MAP > 60 mmHg) was achieved in all animals within 3 min after CA. At the end of the experiment, the Ketamine pre-treated group had increased survival (13 of 14; 93%) compared to the Control (7 of 14; 50%) and Morphine (10 of 14; 72%) groups ( p=0.035). Biochemical analysis of plasma concentration of NSE and s100B as well as an analysis of CS-3 levels in the brain tissue did not reveal any differences between the study groups.
Conclusion: In rats after ACA, pre-treatment with Morphine or Ketamine did not have any significant influence on hemodynamic and biochemical markers of brain damage. However, significantly better pH level and increased early survival were found in the Ketamine pre-treated group.
A systematic review identifying common data items in neonatal trials and assessing their completeness in routinely recorded United Kingdom national neonatal data
Authors: Jawad Sena , Modi Neena , Prevost A Toby , Gale Chris 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background
We aimed to test whether a common set of key data items reported across high impact neonatal clinical trials could be identified, and to quantify their completeness in routinely recorded United Kingdom neonatal data held in the National Neonatal Research Database (NNRD).
Methods
We systematically reviewed neonatal clinical trials published in four high impact medical journals over 10 years (2006-2015) and extracted baseline characteristics, stratification items, and potential confounders used to adjust primary outcomes. Completeness was examined using data held in the NNRD for identified data items, for infants admitted to neonatal units in 2015. The NNRD is a repository of routinely recorded data extracted from neonatal Electronic Patient Records (EPR) of all admissions to National Health Service (NHS) Neonatal Units in England, Wales and Scotland. We defined missing data as an empty field or an implausible value. We reported common data items as frequencies and percentages alongside percentages of completeness.
Results
We identified 44 studies involving 32,095 infants and 126 data items. Fourteen data items were reported by more than 20% of studies. Gestational age (95%), sex (93%) and birth weight (91%) were the most common baseline data items. The completeness of data in the NNRD was high for these data with greater than 90% completeness found for 9 of the 14 most common items.
Conclusion
High impact neonatal clinical trials share common data items. In the United Kingdom, these items can be obtained at a high level of completeness from routinely recorded data held in the NNRD. The feasibility and efficiency using routinely recorded EPR data, such as that held in the NNRD, for clinical trials, rather than collecting these items anew, should be examined.
Registration
PROSPERO registration number CRD42016046138, registered prospectively 17 th August 2016
Comparison of Chloroplast genomes of Gynura species:Sequence Variation, Genome Rearrangement and Divergence studies
Authors: Author) Tianyu Han(Former Corresponding , Li Mimi , Li Jiawei , Lv Han , Ren Bingru , Author) Jian Chen(New Corresponding , Li Weilin 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background Some Gynura species were reported to be natural anti-diabetic plants. The chloroplast genomes of four Gynura species were sequenced for hybridizations to improve agronomic traits. There are only 4 genera of tribe Senecioneae have published chloroplast genome in Genbank up to now. The internal relationships of the genus Gynura and the relationship of the genus Gynura with other genera in tribe Senecioneae need further researches. Results The chloroplast genome of 4 Gynura species were sequenced, assembled and annotated. Comparing with other 12 Senecioneae species, the chloroplast genome features were detailedly analyzed. Subsequently, the differences of the microsatellites and repeats type in the tribe were found. By comparison, the IR expansion and contraction is conserved in the genera Gynura, Dendrosenecio and Ligularia. The region from 25,000 to 50,000 bp is relatively not conservative but the 7 ndh genes in this region are under purifying selection with small change in amino acids. The phylogenetic tree shows two major clades, same as the sequence divergence in region 25,000 to 50,000 bp. Based on the oldest Artemisia pollen fossil, the divergence time were estimated. Conclusions Sequencing of chloroplast genome of the 4 Gynura species help us to develop abundant genetic resources. The phylogenetic relationships and divergence time among 4 Gynura and 16 Senecioneae species were sorted out by comparing the chloroplast genomes. The phylogenetic relationship of the genera Gynura and Ligularia is different with former work and further morphology and genome-wide analysis are needed to clarify the genera relationship.
A Comparison of Biomarkers in the Assessment of Glycemic Control in Diabetes: Reviewing the Evidence
Authors: Sameer Aga S. , Banday Mujeeb Z. , Nissar Saniya , Saeed Sheikh A. 
Published: October 2019

Background:Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic life-long progressive multisystem heterogeneous metabolic disorder with complex pathogenesis.Introduction:Hyperglycemia is not only one of the classical signs of DM, but it also serves as the pivotal prerequisite for the diagnosis of the disease. However, with the advancement in the field of analytical biochemistry, a number of alternative and specific biomarkers have been discovered which can be used for better diagnosis of the DM. In this review, we have discussed various aspects of DM and different biomarkers used in assessing glycemia.Methodology:A thorough literature survey was conducted to identify various studies that reported the use of conventional and non-conventional markers for the assessment of glycemia in DM patients.Conclusion:The accurate detection and hence diagnosis of DM has become easy and more specific with the use of various biomarkers.
Löfgren Syndrome with Hypercalcemia and Neuroendocrinological Involvement: A Case Report
Authors: Almaguer-Morales Daniel , Hinojosa-González David Eugenio , Garza-Alpirez Alejandro 
Published: October 2019

Background:
Sarcoidosis is a systemic inflammatory disease of unknown etiology that
can affect virtually any organ. Löfgren syndrome, characterized by erythema nodosum, hilar lymphadenopathy,
fever and polyarthritis, represents only 20-30% of the cases of sarcoidosis. Only 2-
10% of the cases feature hypercalcemia.

Case:
The case of a 42-year-old Hispanic woman with a history of erythema nodosum and three
weeks of nausea, emesis, constipation, asthenia, adynamia, polydipsia, and somnolence, concomitant
with hypercalcemia, but normal parathyroid hormone (PTH) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D has
been presented. The initial diagnostic approach was based upon the suspicion of multiple myeloma
or bone metastases; however, further findings of bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy, elevated serum
angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and a right inguinal lymphadenomegaly suggested an alternate
diagnosis. Biopsy of the latter supported sarcoidosis as the diagnosis. She was successfully
treated in the hospital with zoledronic acid and as an outpatient with immunosuppressive therapy.
Persistence of a previously undisclosed symptom of oligomenorrhea led to the detection of hyperprolactinemia
secondary to hypophyseal infiltration, refractory to immunosuppressive therapy but
with an adequate response to cabergoline.

Conclusion:
This case strays from Löfgren Syndrome’s expected behavior, presenting a more progressive,
multisystemic disease. This case report was written in adhThis case strays from Löfgren Syndrome’s expected behavior, presenting a more progressive,
multisystemic disease. This case report was written in adherence to the CARE guidelines
of 2013 to include information in it.erence to the CARE guidelines
of 2013 to include information in it.
The Use of Feature Selection Algorithm and Regression Method to Predict the Ending Cash Value in Health Economics
Authors: Ansari Zinat 
Published: October 2019

Background:
Health economics is amongst the academic fields which can aid in ameliorating
conditions so as to make better decisions related to the economy such as determining
cash prices. The prediction of ending cash value is fundamental for internal and external users and
can come quite handy in health economics. The most important purpose of financial reporting is
the presentation of information to predict ending cash value. Therefore, the aim of this research is
to predict ending cash value using feature selection and multiple linear regression (MLR) method
from 2010-2012.

Methods:
Feature selection algorithm (Best-First, Greedy-Stepwise, and Ranker) was employed in
this research to nominate relevant data that affect ending cash value.

Results:
According to results, to determine ending cash value, the most relevant features include:
interest payments for loans, dividends received from short and long term deposits, total net flow of
investment activities, net increase (decrease) in cash and beginning cash based on best-first (CFSSubset-
Evaluation) and Greedy-Stepwise (CFS-Subset-Evaluation). Net out flow, dividends, dividends
paid, interest payments for loans and dividends received deposits for short and long term
were the most important data as indicated by the Ranker (Info-Gain-Attribute-Evaluation, Gain-
Ratio-Attribute-Evaluation and Symmetricer-Attribute-Evaluation). According to Ranker (Principal-
Components and Relief-FAttribute-Evaluation), the best data for determining ending cash include
beginning cash, interest payments for loans, dividends, net increase (decrease) in cash and
dividends received from short and long term deposits. The findings were also indicative of a positive
and highly significant correlation between dividends received from short and long term
deposits and beginning cash (1.00**), with a significance level of 0.01, whereas the observed correlation
between interest payments for loans and ending cash (0.999**), at a significance level of
0.01 was negatively significant.

Conclusions:
The present research attempted to reduce the volume of data required for predicting
end cash by means of employing a feature selection so as to save both precious money and time.