bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Algorithm based automatic templating is less accurate than manual digital templating in total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Seaver Thomas , McAlpine Kenneth , Garcia Enrique , Niu Ruijia , Smith Eric L. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe purpose of the study was to evaluate the accuracy of a commercial automatic digital templating algorithm compared to manual digital templating in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The study also evaluated if race and the presence of a standardized calibration marker on preoperative radiographs effect the accuracy of digital templating. One hundred twenty‐five consecutive patients undergoing primary TKA were included in the study. Patient demographics, etiology of arthritis, and the presence of a standardized calibration marker on preoperative anteroposterior (AP) and lateral radiographs was recorded. Manual digital templating and the use of the “auto‐knee” templating algorithm with “Traumacad” software was performed and recorded. Intraoperative sizes of the actual implants used were recorded. Pearson χ2 test was used to evaluate the accuracy of auto versus manual templating. Manual templating was within 1 size of the implant used intraoperatively for femoral and tibial implants 97.6% and 94.2% of the time, respectively. The “auto‐knee” algorithm was within one size of the implant used for femoral and tibial implants 51.2% and 71.2% of the time, respectively. The presence of a standardized calibration marker on the AP view did not change accuracy of templating for both components. There was no difference in accuracy of templating between races. We caution surgeons from exclusively using an automatic algorithm as it is less accurate than manual templating for TKA.
Protective effects of desipramine on alveolar bone in experimental periodontitis
Authors: Branco‐de‐Almeida Luciana S. , Franco Gilson C. N. , Castro Myrella L. , Vieira Mayana S. , Galvão‐Moreira Leonardo V. , Cortelli Sheila C. , Anbinder Ana L. , Kawai Toshihisa , Rosalen Pedro L. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundDesipramine is a tricyclic antidepressant with immune‐modulatory activity, whose effects on ligature‐induced periodontitis are yet to be investigated. Hence, its actions on alveolar bone resorption, gingival collagen content and key inflammatory mediators were herewith analyzed.MethodsA total of 60 male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into three groups: 1) control: rats without ligature treated with vehicle (saline); 2) ligature: rats with ligature‐induced periodontitis treated with vehicle; 3) ligature + desipramine: rats with ligature‐induced periodontitis treated with desipramine (20 mg/kg/d in vehicle). Mandibles and gingival tissues were collected 3 or 15 days after ligature insertion (or no ligature insertion for controls) and treatments. Alveolar bone resorption and gingival collagen fibers were histologically analyzed using either HE or picrosirius red staining. Gingival mRNA expressions of interleukin (IL)‐1β, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase (COX)‐2, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‐9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)‐1 were obtained through reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. MMP‐9 activity was analyzed by zymography.ResultsAlveolar bone loss was significantly reduced in the ligature + desipramine group (P < 0.05), whereas gingival collagen degradation was like the ligature group (P > 0.05). Desipramine administration downregulated mRNA expressions of IL‐1β, iNOS, COX‐2, and TIMP‐1 when compared to vehicle alone in the ligature group (P < 0.05). MMP‐9 expression and MMP‐9/TIMP‐1 ratio were similar among rats with ligature‐induced periodontitis (P > 0.05); however, MMP‐9 activity was lower in the group treated with desipramine (P < 0.05).ConclusionDesipramine administration reduced alveolar bone loss as histologically observed, and modulated key bone remodeling and inflammatory mediators in rats with ligature‐induced periodontitis.
The Role of Cytokines in Modulating Vocal Fold Fibrosis: A Contemporary Review
Authors: Xu Haoyuan , Fan Guo‐Kang 
Published: April 2020

ObjectivesVocal fold (VF) scarring and laryngeal stenosis are a significant clinical challenge. Excessive scar formation causes low voice quality or even life‐threatening obstructions. Cytokines are thought to modulate multiple steps of the establishment of VF fibrosis, but there is no systematic report regarding their role in modulating VF fibrosis. This review aims to investigate the role of cytokines in modulating vocal fold fibrosis.Study DesignLiterature review.MethodsThis review searched for all relevant peer publications in English for the period 2009 to 2019 in the PubMed database using search terms: “laryngeal stenosis,” “vocal fold scarring,” and “cytokines.” A thorough investigation of the methods and results of the reviewed studies was performed.ResultsComprehensive research in various studies, including analyses of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor (GM‐CSF), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), transforming growth factor‐β3 (TGF‐β3), and interleukin‐10 (IL‐10), supports cytokine therapy for VF scarring and laryngeal stenosis to some extent. A few clinical studies on this topic support the conclusion that HGF and bFGF can be selected as effective drugs, and no serious side effects were found.ConclusionsThis review describes the potential of cytokines for modulating the process of VF fibrogenesis, although cytokines are still an unproven treatment method. As no ideal drugs exist, cytokines may be considered the candidate treatment for preventing VF fibrogenesis. Laryngoscope, 131:139–145, 2021
Systemic Effects of Cryolipolysis in Central Obese Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Abdel‐Aal Nabil M. , Elerian Ahmed E. , Elmakaky Ayman M. , Alhamaky Dina M. A. 
Published: April 2020

Background and ObjectivesTo investigate the adding effect of Cryolipolysis to a low‐calorie diet program on lipid profile, liver enzymes, body mass index, waist‐to‐hip ratio, and volume reduction of subcutaneous fat tissue in central obese women.Study Design/Materials and MethodsSixty central obese women were randomly divided into two equal groups. Women in the control group received prescribed low‐calorie diet regimen only, while women in the study group received three Cryolipolysis sessions plus the same dietary regimen for 3 months. Assessment of women in each group for weight, height to obtain the body mass index, waist‐to‐hip ratio, and abdominal subcutaneous fat thickness as well as evaluation of lipid profile and liver enzymes was done just before starting the treatment procedures and immediately after ending the study duration.ResultsThere were statistically significant improvements of waist‐to‐hip ratio, body mass index, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low‐ and high‐density lipoprotein, as well as liver enzymes in favor of the study group (P < 0.001).ConclusionWomen who underwent Cryolipolysis and diet program had better improvement in components of lipid profile and liver enzymes than women who were maintained over diet program alone. Measures to decrease waist circumference, associated with abdominal subcutaneous fat reduction, enhanced the systemic effects of Cryolipolysis. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Corrosion of silver in environment containing halides, pseudohalides, or thiourea
Authors: Švadlena Jan , Voráčová Eva , Stoulil Jan 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMany studies of silver corrosion have been focused on indoor sulfur‐containing atmospheres. However, significant corrosion damage of silver can also occur in the presence of other corrosion stimulants, such as halides, pseudohalides, or thiourea. These environments pose a specific threat for historical silver objects like daguerreotypes or coins, for example, during incorrect storing or cleaning method. To better characterize the silver corrosion caused by the solutions, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and electrical resistance technique were used. EIS measurements show that the dissolution of silver in tested solutions is mainly controlled by diffusion, suggesting the formation of a layer on the sample surface. For the electrical resistance technique, two different setups with electrical resistance probes were used: in saturated solutions and in atmospheric conditions simulating corrosion under deposits. In the latter setup, the corrosion rates decreased after a certain amount of time which can be explained by the presence of a salt layer (as suggested from EIS results). Regardless of the arrangement, cyanide and thiourea environment resulted in the highest corrosion rates.
Degradable silver‐based alloys
Authors: Andreiev A. , Hoyer K.‐P. , Grydin O. , Frolov Y. , Schaper M. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractNoble metals solved in iron implants are effective cathodes, which can suit to accelerate the corrosion rate of the base material. In terms of its antibacterial behavior as well as lower costs in comparison with gold or platinum, silver seems to be an attractive candidate to adapt the corrosion rate of implants to the medical requirements. However, the degradation of silver in human bodies is a time‐consuming process, and is controversially discussed due to the unknown long‐term effect of silver on the human organism. Alloying silver with chemical elements less resistant to corrosion in aqueous mediums, particularly, in simulated body fluid, can improve the degradability of silver. Therefore, the current study addresses the design of adapted silver alloys exhibiting improved degradability in comparison with pure silver. Pure silver and binary silver alloys containing silicon, magnesium and calcium are studied in terms of their microstructure, open‐circuit potential and degradation rate.
Design and simulation of a polarization‐insensitive metamaterial terahertz absorber with five bands
Authors: Jia Wei , Bai Jing , Roberts Kevin , Le Khai Q. , Zhou Debao 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn this work, a terahertz metamaterial absorber with five absorption bands that can be used in the areas of sensing, imaging, and detecting is investigated. The absorber structure contains four quarter‐sectional circular rings and a cross in a square ring layer, a dielectric layer, and ground metal layer. Simulation results display that the absorber with such configuration possesses five distinct high absorption peaks at 0.7, 1.6, 2.32, 2.63, and 3.15 THz and show polarization‐insensitive property due to its 4‐fold symmetric property. The physical origins of the absorber characteristics are attributed to dipolar and hexapolar resonances of the patterned metallic arrays on the top layer, as established by analyzing the electrical field density. In addition to, structural parameters' influences on the absorption bands are also studied and the results indicate that total absorption bands and coefficients can be effectively altered by changing the structural parameters and configurations, which is beneficial for its practical applications.
Sluggish cognitive tempo and impairment: The role of lifestyle factors
Authors: Wood Whitney L. M. , Lewandowski Lawrence J. , Lovett Benjamin J. , Antshel Kevin 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to assess whether sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT) behaviors were associated with a unique impairment profile for college students after accounting for lifestyle (sleep, substance use, health) and mental health factors (attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder [ADHD], anxiety, depression). A general sample of 910 undergraduate students completed several measures via online survey. Most participants were female (64.9%) and were Caucasian (60.7%), with an average age of 19.41 years. Students who endorsed elevated SCT behaviors reported significantly more impairment compared to students who reported low levels of SCT behaviors. However, regression analyses suggested that SCT behaviors do not account for significant amounts of unique impairment after controlling for related mental health (ADHD, anxiety, depression) and lifestyle variables (sleep, health, substance use). The lack of impairment associated uniquely with SCT behaviors suggests that SCT may serve as a construct underlying many variables, rather than standing independently as a distinct disorder.
Selection bias for treatments with positive Phase 2 results
Authors: Kirby S. , Li Jianjun , Chuang‐Stein C. 
Published: April 2020

SummaryIn drug development, treatments are most often selected at Phase 2 for further development when an initial trial of a new treatment produces a result that is considered positive. This selection due to a positive result means, however, that an estimator of the treatment effect, which does not take account of the selection is likely to over‐estimate the true treatment effect (ie, will be biased). This bias can be large and researchers may face a disappointingly lower estimated treatment effect in further trials. In this paper, we review a number of methods that have been proposed to correct for this bias and introduce three new methods. We present results from applying the various methods to two examples and consider extensions of the examples. We assess the methods with respect to bias of estimation of the treatment effect and compare the probabilities that a bias‐corrected treatment effect estimate will exceed a decision threshold. Following previous work, we also compare average power for the situation where a Phase 3 trial is launched given that the bias‐corrected observed Phase 2 treatment effect exceeds a launch threshold. Finally, we discuss our findings and potential application of the bias correction methods.
Design and Synthesis of 5‐Morpholino‐Thiophene‐Indole/ Oxindole Hybrids as Cytotoxic Agents
Authors: Yadav Upasana , Sakla Akash P. , Tokala Ramya , Nyalam Sai Teja , Khurana Amit , Digwal Chander Singh , Talla Venu , Godugu Chandraiah , Shankaraiah Nagula , Kamal Ahmed 
Published: April 2020

AbstractA series of new 5‐morpholino‐thiophene‐indole/oxindole hybrids has been designed and synthesized using molecular hybridization approach. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for their in vitro cytotoxic potential against selected human cancer cell lines such as triple negative breast (MDA‐MB‐231), liver (SK‐Hep‐1), breast (MCF‐7), colon (HCT‐116) mouse melanoma (B16F10) and compared with normal human lung epithelial cell line (BEAS‐2B). Among the tested hybrids 11a–o and 13a–d, the compound 11f [(Z)‐N′‐((1‐Benzyl‐1H‐indol‐3‐yl)methylene)‐5‐morpholino‐4‐(p‐tolyl)thiophene‐2‐carbohydrazide] showed significant cytotoxic activity on HCT‐116 cancer cell line with IC50 value of 8.98 ± 0.6 μM. Cell cycle analysis revealed that compounds arrested the cell cycle in sub‐G1 phase. Moreover, JC‐1, acridine orange, DAPI nucleic acid, DCFDA staining studies suggest that one of the representative compound 11 f inhibited the cell proliferation through apoptosis. Further, molecular docking and relative viscosity studies of 11 f indicated the minor groove binding towards CT‐DNA.
Removal of Anionic Dyes from Water using Polyethylene Glycol Modified Ni‐Al‐layered Double Hydroxide Nanocomposites
Authors: Natarajan Subramanian , Naresh Raghupandiyan , Thiagarajan Viruthachalam 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe existence of several harmful organic dyes in wastewater let off from many industries is one of the major global environmental concerns. Owing to these apprehensions, this study aims to enhance the removal of organic dyes from wastewater using Ni−Al‐layered double hydroxides (Ni−Al‐LDH) modified with varying molecular weights of polyethylene glycol (PEG). The PEG−Ni‐Al‐LDH (PNAL) nanocomposites were synthesized by co‐precipitation method and characterized using powder XRD, FESEM, EDAX and TGA. The adsorption performance of PNAL composites towards acid blue‐113 (AB‐113) and methyl orange (MO) dyes in aqueous media were investigated. The adsorption results revealed that 6PNAL can remove 94.11% of AB‐113 and 98.29% of MO dyes in 20 min. The adsorption processes are spontaneous and endothermic in nature, and followed the pseudo‐second‐order model. The adsorption isotherms were best described by the Langmuir isotherm model. The reusability studies of 6PNAL nanocomposite for removal of MO and AB‐113 dyes from aqueous solution can be significantly implicated for removal of aforementioned dyes from wastewater.
The Reactivity and Deactivation Mechanism of Ru@C Catalyst over Hydrogenation of Aromatics to Cyclohexane Derivatives
Authors: Zhao Huahua , Song Huanling , Zhao Jun , Yang Jian , Yan Liang , Chou Lingjun 
Published: April 2020

AbstractNano Ru supported on carbon catalysts with different Ru nanoparticle sizes were reported for the aromatics (dioctyl phthalate, xylene, p‐phenylenediamine, cinnamic acid and nitrobenzene) hydrogenation to the corresponding value‐added cyclohexane derivatives. Ru@C–DP prepared by facile deposition‐precipitation strategy, exhibited the smaller Ru nanoparticle (NP) size 2.0 nm, higher Ru dispersion degree (60.2%) and larger Ru specific surface area (220.1 m2⋅gRu−1) than Ru@C‐EG and Ru@C–IM synthesized with ethylene glycol reduction and impregnation method, respectively. Ru@C–DP possessed excellent activity with aromatic conversion ≥ 99% and cyclohexane derivative selectivity ≥ 99%, which was attributed to its smaller Ru NP size, suggesting the presence of a size‐dependent effect. Moreover, compared with the commercial Ru@C–ID catalyst, Ru@C–DP showed remarkable reusability in aromatic hydrogenation. After the several hydrogenation recycles, the catalyst lost some activity mainly account for the pore blocking by reactant/product molecules, part oxidation and aggregation of Ru NPs.
Amine‐Terminated Ionic Liquid Modified Magnetic Graphene Oxide (MGO‐IL‐NH2): A Highly Efficient and Reusable Nanocatalyst for the Synthesis of 3‐Amino Alkylated Indoles
Authors: Garkoti Charu , Shabir Javaid , Mozumdar Subho 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAmine‐terminated ionic liquid has been covalently fabricated over the surface of Magnetic graphene oxide nanosheets. The structure of prepared material has been confirmed by various characterization techniques such as Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT‐IR), Powder XRD, Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX). The prepared material demonstrates its supremacy as an efficient, recyclable and cost‐effective heterogeneous catalyst in the synthesis of 3‐amino alkylated indoles via Mannich reaction. The presence of both the hydrogen‐bond donors and acceptors assemblies helps to activate the substrate molecule, thereby increases the rate of reaction and excellent product yields have been obtained. Moreover, the catalyst could be magnetically recovered and recyclable up to seven consecutive cycles thereby make the protocol efficient for large‐scale production of pharmaceutically important compounds.
Enhanced Removal of Dissolved Humic Acid from Water Using Eco‐Friendly Phenylalanine‐Modified‐Chitosan Fe3O4 Magnetic Nanoparticles
Authors: Wang Shujun , Li Enze , Li Yazhuo , Li Jianfeng , Du Zhiping , Cheng Fangqin 
Published: April 2020

AbstractHigh‐efficient adsorbents with eco‐friendly and easy recycling features remain to be pursued in wastewater treatment. In this work, one green magnetic nano‐composite, phenylalanine‐modified‐chitosan Fe3O4 (Fe3O4@chitosan@Phe), was prepared and its adsorption behavior for humic acid from water was investigated. Our results showed that the modified phenylalanine could promote the maximum adsorption quantites of humic acid by Fe3O4@chitosan@Phe than Fe3O4@chitosan, and the adsorption processing followed the pseudo second‐order kinetic model. Either the Langmuir or Freundlich isotherm model could not appropriately describe the adsorption processing, implying the adsorption process is more complex than typical monolayer, or multilayer adsorption. The functional groups (amidogen, phenyl) of phenylalanine could strengthen the interaction between Fe3O4@chitosan@Phe and humic acid molecules through electrostatic interaction, π‐π interaction, and hydrogen bonds. The Fe3O4@chitosan@Phe exhibited good reusability after running eight adsorption‐regeneration cycles. This work proposes a new strategy to design eco‐friendly magnetic adsorbents, which meets the requirement of modern green chemistry.
Therapeutic effects of rocket seeds (Eruca sativa L.) against testicular toxicity and oxidative stress caused by silver nanoparticles injection in rats
Authors: Altwaijry Najla , El‐Masry Thanaa A. , Alotaibi Badriyah , Tousson Ehab , Saleh Asmaa 
Published: April 2020

AbstractSilver nanoparticles (AgNPs), one of the most well‐known nanomaterials, are regularly utilized in everyday consumer products. The present study aimed to investigate the testicular toxicity and oxidative stress by AgNPs and the therapeutic role of the rocket seeds (Eruca sativa) in treatments. Forty male Wistar rats were divided into four equivalent groups (group 1, control; group 2, rocket seeds extract [RS]; group 3, AgNPs; group 4, AgNPs+RS). Our results showed that AgNPs induced a significant decrease in serum total testosterone, FSH (follicle‐animating hormone), prolactin and LH (luteinizing hormone), testicular glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione S‐transferase (GST). In contrast, a significant increase in testicular DNA, injury, testicular thiobarbituric acid, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, and tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNFα) expressions after treatments with AgNPs when contrasted with the control group. Treatments of AgNPs with rocket seeds extract (AgNPs+RS) improved testicular functions and structure. Rocket seeds extract might offer benefits against the toxic nature of AgNPs.
A low‐cost environmental chamber to simulate warm climatic conditions
Authors: Darehshouri Sahand , Michelsen Nils , Schüth Christoph , Schulz Stephan 
Published: April 2020

AbstractEnvironmental chambers are used for a variety of experiments in multiple disciplines but are often prohibitively expensive. In this study, we developed an environmental chamber that allows reliable regulation of temperature and relative humidity in a range typical for warm climatic conditions. As we have only used consumer products, which are readily available off the shelf, the device is affordable (<€900) and easy to replicate. The presented chamber has inner dimensions of 1,790 × 970 × 520 mm (height × width × depth). It is heated with two infrared lamps, and for moistening, an ultrasonic mister is used. Air dehumidification and cooling down to ambient temperature are realized with inflowing compressed laboratory air. Additionally, we installed a Peltier element cooling system to enable temperatures below the ambient laboratory temperature. The chamber works in a temperature and humidity range of 15–50 °C and 10–95%, respectively.