bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sentinel lymph node biopsy for high-thickness cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Kofler Lukas , Kofler Katrin , Schulz Claudia , Breuninger Helmut , Häfner Hans-Martin 
Published: May 2020

AbstractSquamous cell carcinomas are among the most common skin tumors and show a risk of metastasis depending on various factors such as tumor thickness, localization, histological subtype and immune status of the patient. Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) SLNB represents a possibility for assessing the locoregional lymph node status. In this study, the role of the SLNB in lymph node status and survival was analyzed. Retrospectively, 720 patients with high-risk squamous cell carcinoma (tumor thickness > 5 mm) were examined. 150 patients agreed to SLNB, 570 patients did not undergo histologic confirmation of lymph node status and were included directly in follow-up. In 101 patients, a sentinel lymph node was successfully marked and extirpated, followed by regular follow-up examinations.A total of 11.11% of the patients showed lymph node metastasis in the course of their treatment, with no difference in the proportion of patients in the SLNB group (11.9%) and the observation group (11.4%) (p = 0.873). The proportion of distant metastasis also did not differ between the groups (p = 0.898). In 3.96% of the patients in the SLNB group, a metastasis was found in the sentinel lymph node. Tumor-specific death was observed in 7.14% of the patients in the SLNB group and 4.74% in the observation group (p = 0.269). Although SLNB is a principally suitable method for determining lymph node status, the available data do not provide any benefit regarding further metastasis or tumor-specific survival.
Protective effects of a comprehensive topical antioxidant against ozone-induced damage in a reconstructed human skin model
Authors: Pecorelli Alessandra , McDaniel David H. , Wortzman Mitchell , Nelson Diane B. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractTropospheric ozone (O3) is a source of oxidative stress. This study examined the ability of a topical antioxidant (WEL-DS) to inhibit O3-mediated damage in a human epidermal skin model. Four groups of tissues (N = 24) were compared: Group 1 (control) were untreated and unexposed; Group 2 were untreated and exposed to O3 (0.4 ppm, 4 h); Group 3 were pretreated with WEL-DS and unexposed; Group 4 were pretreated with WEL-DS and exposed to O3 (0.4 ppm, 4 h). Pretreated tissues were topically treated with 20 uL of WEL-DS and incubated for up to 20 h at 37 °C [humidified, 5% carbon dioxide (CO2)]. After 24 h, tissues were re-treated with WEL-DS and exposed to O3. Tissues were evaluated for Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) protein adducts, NF-κB p65 response and histology. In O3-exposed groups, WEL-DS significantly inhibited ROS formation vs. untreated tissues (p < 0.05). Pretreatment with WEL-DS inhibited H2O2 production vs. untreated tissues (p < 0.05), and decreased NF-κB p65 transcription factor signal. Oxidative stress induction in O3-exposed tissues was confirmed by increased levels of 4-HNE protein adducts (marker of lipid peroxidation); WEL-DS application reduced this effect. WEL-DS inhibited damage in tissues exposed to O3 with no significant changes in epidermal structure. A comprehensive topical antioxidant significantly diminished O3-induced oxidative damage in a human epidermal skin model.
Tetraspanin CD9 affects HPV16 infection by modulating ADAM17 activity and the ERK signalling pathway
Authors: Mikuličić Snježana , Fritzen Anna , Scheffer Konstanze , Strunk Johannes , Cabañas Carlos , Sperrhacke Maria , Reiss Karina , Florin Luise 
Published: May 2020

AbstractHuman papillomaviruses (HPV) are causative agents of various tumours such as cervical cancer. HPV binding to the cell surface of keratinocytes leads to virus endocytosis at tetraspanin enriched microdomains. Complex interactions of the capsid proteins with host proteins as well as ADAM17-dependent ERK1/2 signal transduction enable the entry platform assembly of the oncogenic HPV type 16. Here, we studied the importance of tetraspanin CD9, also known as TSPAN29, in HPV16 infection of different epithelial cells. We found that both overexpression and loss of the tetraspanin decreased infection rates in cells with low endogenous CD9 levels, while reduction of CD9 expression in keratinocytes that exhibit high-CD9 protein amounts, led to an increase of infection. Therefore, we concluded that low-CD9 supports infection. Moreover, we found that changes in CD9 amounts affect the shedding of the ADAM17 substrate transforming growth factor alpha (TGFα) and the downstream phosphorylation of ERK. These effects correlate with those on infection rates suggesting that a specific CD9 optimum promotes ADAM17 activity, ERK signalling and virus infection. Together, our findings implicate that CD9 regulates HPV16 infection through the modulation of ADAM17 sheddase activity.
Effect of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on haematological parameters in grades B and C periodontitis: an exploratory analysis
Authors: Eickholz Peter , Schröder Mario , Asendorf Anne , Schacher Beate , Oremek Gerhard M. , Kaiser Frank , Wohlfeil Martin , Nibali Luigi 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Aim
Assessment of the effect of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on haematological parameters in patients with grades B (BP) and C periodontitis (CP).

Methods
Eight BP and 46 CP patients received full-mouth periodontal debridement within 48 h, if positive for Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans with adjunctive systemic antibiotics (4 BP, 17 CP). Clinical data were collected prior and 12 weeks after periodontal therapy. Blood was sampled prior to and 1 day as well as 6 and 12 weeks after the first SD visit. Erythrocyte count, haemoglobin value, haematocrit (HCT), mean erythrocyte volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), MCH concentration (MCHC), platelets (PLT) and heat shock protein 27 (Hsp27) were assessed.

Results
Both groups showed significant clinical improvement (p < 0.05). Using univariate analysis, MCV was noticeably lower in CP than BP at all examinations, HCT only at baseline. For CP, MCHC was noticeably higher 12 weeks after SD than at baseline and 1 day (p ≤ 0.005) and Hsp27 increased noticeably at 1 day (p < 0.05). Repeated measures analysis of variance revealed African origin to be associated with lower MCV and female sex with lower MCHC.

Conclusion
Based on multivariate analysis, periodontal diagnosis (BP/CP) was not associated with haematological parameters measured in this study or serum Hsp27. In CP, nonsurgical periodontal therapy improved MCHC 12 weeks after SD. Also in CP Hsp27 was increased 1 day after SD.
Cost-effectiveness of biennial screening for diabetes related retinopathy in people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes compared to annual screening
Authors: Thomas Rebecca L. , Winfield Thomas G. , Prettyjohns Matthew , Dunstan Frank D. , Cheung Wai-Yee , Anderson Philippa M. , Peter Rajesh , Luzio Stephen D. , Owens David R. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Objective
Examine the health and economic impact of extending screening intervals in people with Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and Type 1 diabetes (T1DM) without diabetes-related retinopathy (DR).

Setting
Diabetic Eye Screening Wales (DESW).

Study design
Retrospective observational study with cost-utility analysis (CUA) and Decremental Cost-Effectiveness Ratios (DCER) study.

Intervention
Biennial screening versus usual care (annual screening).

Inputs
Anonymised data from DESW were linked to primary care data for people with two prior screening events with no DR. Transition probabilities for progression to DR were estimated based on a subset of 26,812 and 1232 people with T2DM and T1DM, respectively. DCER above £20,000 per QALY was considered cost-effective.

Results
The base case analysis DCER results of £71,243 and £23,446 per QALY for T2DM and T1DM respectively at a 3.5% discount rate and £56,822 and £14,221 respectively when discounted at 1.5%. Diabetes management represented by the mean HbA1c was 7.5% for those with T2DM and 8.7% for T1DM.

Sensitivity analysis
Extending screening to biennial based on HbA1c, being the strongest predictor of progression of DR, at three levels of HbA1c 6.5%, 8.0% and 9.5% lost one QALY saving the NHS £106,075; £58,653 and £31,626 respectively for T2DM and £94,696, £37,646 and £11,089 respectively for T1DM. In addition, extending screening to biennial based on the duration of diabetes > 6 years for T2DM per QALY lost, saving the NHS £54,106 and for 6-12 and > 12 years for T1DM saving £83,856, £23,446 and £13,340 respectively.

Conclusions
Base case and sensitivity analyses indicate biennial screening to be cost-effective for T2DM irrespective of HbA1c and duration of diabetes. However, the uncertainty around the DCER indicates that annual screening should be maintained for those with T1DM especially when the HbA1c exceeds 80 mmol/mol (9.5%) and duration of diabetes is greater than 12 years.
Experimental Investigations of the Fe-Mn-Ti System in the Concentration Range of up to 30 at.% Ti
Authors: Walnsch Alexander , Kriegel Mario J. , Fabrichnaya Olga , Leineweber Andreas 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe ternary Fe-Mn-Ti system was investigated in the compositional range of up to 30 at.% Ti for temperatures ranging from 1000 °C to the melting temperature. Based on the metallographic investigation of as-cast alloys a partial liquidus projection was constructed, revealing large primary solidifying regions for the phases A1, A2, A12, A13, C14 and Mn4Ti. Isothermal heat treatments at 1000 and 1200 °C revealed wide homogeneity ranges for the Mn-based phases A12 and A13 at Ti contents between 5 and 20 at.% and up to 65 at.% of Fe, indicating an electron-mediated stabilization of both phases for the simultaneous solution of Fe and Ti.
Application of Bias- and Variance-Corrected SST on Wintertime Precipitation Simulation of Regional Climate Model over East Asian Region
Authors: Shin Seok-Woo , Kim Tae-Jun , Kim Jin-Uk , Goo Tae-Young , Byun Young-Hwa 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn this study, the regional climate of East Asia was dynamically downscaled using Hadley Centre Global Environmental Model version 3-Regional Atmosphere (HadGEM3-RA) forced by the historical simulation data (1979–2005) of HadGEM2-AO produced by the National Institute of Meteorological Sciences (NIMS). To understand the impact of corrected SST on regional climate simulation, we integrated the experiments using uncorrected (UC_SST) and Bias- and Variance-corrected (BCVC_SST) HadGEM2-AO SST and used the simulated data driven by the ERA-Interim reanalysis data and HadGEM2-AO data. Examination of the spatial distribution, statistics, and interannual variation on wintertime precipitation over East Asia indicates that BCVC_SST reduced the overestimation of the climatological mean precipitation. In order to understand the impact of corrected SST on variability, we investigated the relationship between winter snowfall in South Korea and SST over East Asia. The negative correlation coefficient between the winter precipitation and the SST of the seas surrounding Korea appears in the result of observation data. The experiment result using BCVC_SST simulated the negative correlation between the winter snowfall and the SST around Korea more realistically than that of the simulations using UC_SST and HadGEM2-AO data. These results indicate that corrected SST helps to improve the variability of snowfall and SST simulated by HadGEM3-RA. However, time lag about the years when had peak point of SST appeared in the results compared between BCVC_SST experiment and observation data. The peak years shown in the result of the BCVC_SST experiment were similar to that of HadGEM2-AO data. At these results, even though the corrected SST improves climatological mean and variability of simulated data, it has the limitation not to overcome the error such as time lag showed in GCM SST. Additionally, the analysis of the snowfall in South Korea describes that SST is passively used for the source of snowfall and atmospheric variables mainly lead the intensity and the amount of snowfall.
The application of PEF technology in food processing and human nutrition
Authors: Nowosad Karolina , Sujka Monika , Pankiewicz Urszula , Kowalski Radosław 
Published: May 2020

AbstractDuring the last decades, many novel techniques of food processing have been developed in response to growing demand for safe and high quality food products. Nowadays, consumers have high expectations regarding the sensory quality, functionality and nutritional value of products. They also attach great importance to the use of environmentally-friendly technologies of food production. The aim of this review is to summarize the applications of PEF in food technology and, potentially, in production of functional food. The examples of process parameters and obtained effects for each application have been presented.
The Effects of an Indigenous Health Curriculum for Medical Students
Authors: Lewis Melissa E. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Indigenous patients experience a variety of healthcare challenges including accessing and receiving needed healthcare services, as well as experiencing disproportionate amounts of bias and discrimination within the healthcare system. In an effort to improve patient-provider interactions and reduce bias towards Indigenous patients, a curriculum was developed to improve first-year medical students’ Indigenous health knowledge.

Method
Two cohorts of students were assessed for their Indigenous health knowledge, cultural intelligence, ethnocultural empathy, and social justice beliefs before the lecture series, directly after, and 6 months later.

Results
Results of paired t test analysis revealed that Indigenous health knowledge significantly improved after the training and 6 months later. Some improvements were noted in the areas of cultural intelligence and ethnocultural empathy in the second cohort.

Conclusions
It is feasible to teach and improve Indigenous-specific health knowledge of medical students using a brief intervention of lectures. However, other critical components of culturally appropriate care including social justice beliefs and actions, ethnocultural empathy, and cultural humility may require increased and immersed cultural training.
Exact and heuristic approaches for a new circular layout problem
Authors: Hungerländer Philipp , Maier Kerstin , Pachatz Veronika , Truden Christian 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWe discuss a new facility layout problem, the so-called Directed Circular Facility Layout Problem . The aims to find an optimal arrangement of machines on a circular material handling system such that the total weighted sum of the center-to-center distances between all pairs of machines measured in clockwise direction is minimized. Several real-world applications, like for example the optimal arrangement of a set of cutting tools on a tool turret, can be modeled as a . Further, the generalizes a couple of layout problems that are well-discussed in literature. We show that the can be modeled as a Linear Ordering Problem . Hence, it can be solved efficiently by using exact and heuristic approaches for the . First, we apply a Semidefinite Programming as well as an Integer Linear Programming approach. Moreover, we use a Tabu Search and a Variable Neighborhood Search heuristic, for solving the . Finally, we compare the practical performance of our approaches in a computational study.
Twice-daily intravenous bolus tacrolimus infusion
Authors: Hashmi Hamza , Bhandari Shruti , Kumar Rohit , Tripathi Prashant , Rhodes Jill Blancett , Figg Lindsay , Baize Timothy , Krem Maxwell M. , Hegazi Mohamed , Emmons Robert 
Published: May 2020

Objective/Background:
Among patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant, continuous intravenous (IV) tacrolimus infusion is frequently used for graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) prophylaxis. Twice-daily intermittent IV tacrolimus dosing may confer safety and convenience benefits.

Methods:
We performed a retrospective chart review of 66 patients who received twice-daily IV bolus tacrolimus for GvHD prophylaxis. The primary end point of the study was safety, as measured by renal toxicity. The secondary end points included mean tacrolimus serum concentrations, incidence of grades II–IV acute GvHD, electrolyte abnormalities, hyperglycemia, hypertension, and neurologic toxicity.

Results:
There was acceptable, possibly favorable, incidence of renal toxicity (42%) and no significant difference in grades II–IV GvHD (37%), compared with published data. Mean tacrolimus blood concentrations were not affected by occurrence of renal toxicity.

Conclusion:
We conclude that administration of IV tacrolimus twice daily over 4 h may be safe and effective in preventing GvHD in allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant.
Testing for COVID-19: willful ignorance or selfless behavior?
Authors: THUNSTRÖM LINDA , ASHWORTH MADISON , SHOGREN JASON F. , NEWBOLD STEPHEN , FINNOFF DAVID 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWidespread testing is key to controlling the spread of COVID-19. But should we worry about self-selection bias in the testing? The recent literature on willful ignorance says we should – people often avoid health information. In the context of COVID-19, such willful ignorance can bias testing data. Furthermore, willful ignorance often arises when selfish wants conflict with social benefits, which might be particularly likely for potential ‘super-spreaders’ – people with many social interactions – given people who test positive are urged to self-isolate for two weeks. We design a survey in which participants (n= 897) choose whether to take a costless COVID-19 test. We find that 70% would take a test. Surprisingly, the people most likely to widely spread COVID-19 – the extraverts, others who meet more people in their daily lives and younger people – are themostwilling to take a test. People's ability to financially or emotionally sustain self-isolation does not matter to their decision. We conclude that people are selfless in their decision to test for COVID-19. Our results are encouraging – they imply that COVOD-19 testing may succeed in targeting those who generate the largest social benefits from self-isolation if infected, which strengthens the case for widespread testing.
Pragmatic evaluation of a midstream urine collection technique for infants in the emergency department
Authors: Crombie Tighe , Slinger Robert , Barrowman Nicholas J. , McGahern Candice , Smith Lauren , Chu James , McCoy Karen , Akiki Salwa , Agarwal Amisha , Plint Amy C. 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACTObjectivesOur objective was to examine the performance characteristics of a bladder stimulation technique for urine collection among infants presenting to the emergency department (ED).MethodsThis prospective cohort study enrolled a convenience sample of infants aged ≤ 90 days requiring urine testing in the ED. Infants were excluded if critically ill, moderately to severely dehydrated, or having significant feeding issues. Bladder stimulation consisted of finger tapping on the lower abdomen with or without lower back massage while holding the child upright. The primary outcome was successful midstream urine collection within 5 minutes of stimulation. Secondary outcomes included sample contamination, bladder stimulation time for successful urine collection, and perceived patient distress on a 100-mm visual analog scale (VAS).ResultsWe enrolled 151 infants and included 147 in the analysis. Median age was 53 days (interquartile range [IQR] 27–68 days). Midstream urine sample collection using bladder stimulation was successful in 78 infants (53.1%; 95% confidence interval [CI] 45–60.9). Thirty-nine samples (50%) were contaminated. Most contaminated samples (n = 31; 79.5%) were reported as “no significant growth” or “growth of 3 or more organisms”. Median bladder stimulation time required for midstream urine collection was 45 seconds (IQR 20–120 seconds). Mean VAS for infant distress was 22 mm (standard deviation 23 mm).ConclusionsThe success rate of this bladder stimulation technique was lower than previously reported. The contamination rate was high, however most contaminated specimens were easily identified and had no clinical impact.
FANO HYPERSURFACES WITH ARBITRARILY LARGE DEGREES OF IRRATIONALITY
Authors: CHEN NATHAN , STAPLETON DAVID 
Published: May 2020

We show that complex Fano hypersurfaces can have arbitrarily large degrees of irrationality. More precisely, if we fix a Fano index $e$, then the degree of irrationality of a very general complex Fano hypersurface of index $e$and dimension n is bounded from below by a constant times $\sqrt{n}$. To our knowledge, this gives the first examples of rationally connected varieties with degrees of irrationality greater than 3. The proof follows a degeneration to characteristic$p$argument, which Kollár used to prove nonrationality of Fano hypersurfaces. Along the way, we show that in a family of varieties, the invariant ‘the minimal degree of a dominant rational map to a ruled variety’ can only drop on special fibers. As a consequence, we show that for certain low-dimensional families of varieties, the degree of irrationality also behaves well under specialization.
Prestige and relevance of the scholarly journals: Impressions of SIOP members
Authors: Highhouse Scott , Zickar Michael J. , Melick Sarah R. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPrestigious journals are widely admired for publishing quality scholarship, yet the primary indicators of journal prestige (i.e., impact factors) do not directly assess audience admiration. Moreover, the publication landscape has changed substantially in the last 20 years, with electronic publishing changing the way we consume scientific research. Given that it has been 18 years since the publication of the last journal prestige survey of SIOP members, the authors conducted a new survey and used these results to reflect on changing practices within industrial and organizational (I-O) psychology. SIOP members (n = 557) rated the prestige and relevance of I-O and management journals. Responses were analyzed according to job setting, and were compared to a survey conducted by Zickar and Highhouse (2001) in 2000. There was considerable consistency in prestige ratings across settings (i.e., management department vs. psychology department; academic vs. applied), especially among the top journals. There was considerable variance, however, in the perceived usefulness of different journals. Results also suggested considerable consistency across the two time periods, but with some increases in prestige among OB-oriented journals. Changes in the journal landscape are discussed, including the rise of OHP as a topic of concentration in I-O. We suggest that I-O programs will continue to attract the top researchers in talent management and OHP, which should result in the use of a broader set of journals for judging I-O program impact.