bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eating disorders among patients with borderline personality disorder: understanding the prevalence and psychopathology
Authors: Khosravi Mohsen 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Treatment protocols can be bolstered and etiological and maintenance factors can be recognized more easily by a superior understanding of emotions and emotion regulation in the comorbidity of borderline personality disorder (BPD) and feeding and eating disorders (FEDs). Therefore, the present study aimed at investigating the prevalence and psychopathology of FEDs in patients with BPD.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 220 participants were examined in three groups, namely BPD (n = 38), BPD + FEDs (n = 72), and the healthy control (n = 110), from August 2018 to November 2019. The participants were selected by systematic random sampling among the patients who referred to Baharan psychiatric hospital in Zahedan, Iran, with the sampling interval of 3. The subjects were evaluated by 28-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28), Borderline Personality Inventory (BPI), Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 Personality Disorders (SCID-5-PD), Structured Clinical Interviews for DSM-5: Research Version (SCID-5-RV), the 26-item Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26), 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II). Results: The results showed a 65.4% (n = 72) prevalence of FEDs in patients with BPD. Also, the highest and lowest prevalence rates were reported for other specified feeding and eating disorders (51.3%) and bulimia nervosa (6.9%), respectively. Although the highest mean score of TAS-20 was related to anorexia nervosa, there was no significant difference between the scores of various types of FEDs. The mediation analysis showed that anxiety and depression would play a mediating role in the relationship between alexithymia and eating-disordered behaviors. Conclusions: The results have suggested that alexithymia, anxiety, and depression should receive clinical attention as potential therapeutic targets in the comorbidity of BPD and FEDs. The clinical implications of the research have been conducted to date, and directions for future research have been discussed.
Osteocyte-derived exosomes induced by mechanical strain promote human periodontal ligament stem cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation via the miR-181b-5p/PTEN/AKT signaling pathway
Authors: Lv Peiying , Gao Pengfei , Tian Guangjie , Yang Yanyan , Mo Feifei , Wang Zihui , Sun Lu , Kuang Mingjie , Wang Yonglan 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: The oral cavity is a complex environment in which periodontal tissue is constantly stimulated by external microorganisms and mechanical forces. Proper mechanical force helps maintain periodontal tissue homeostasis and improper inflammatory response can break the balance. Periodontal ligament (PDL) cells plays crucial roles in responding these challenges and maintaining the homeostasis of periodontal tissue. However, the mechanisms underlying PDL cell property changes induced by inflammatory and mechanical force microenvironments are still unclear. Recent studies have shown that exosomes function as a mean of cell-cell and cell-matrix communication in biological processes. Methods: Human periodontal ligament stem cells (HPDLSCs) were tested by the CCK8 assay, EdU, alizarin red and ALP staining to evaluate the functions of exosomes induced by mechanical strain. MicroRNA sequencing was used to find the discrepancy miRNA in exosomes. In addition, RT-PCR, FISH, luciferase reporter assay and western blotting assay were used to investigated the mechanism of miR-181b-5p regulating proliferation and osteogenic differentiation through the PTEN/AKT pathway. Results: In this study, the exosomes secreted by MLO-Y4 cells exposed to mechanical strain (Exosome-MS) contributed to human periodontal ligament stem cell (HPDLSC) proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. High-throughput miRNA sequencing showed that miR181b-5p was upregulated in Exosome-MS compared to the exosomes derived from MLO-Y4 cells lacking MS. The luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that miR-181b-5p may target Phosphatase tension homolog deletion (PTEN). In addition, PTEN was negatively regulated by overexpressing miR-181b-5p. PCR and western blot analyses verified that miR‐181b-5p enhanced the protein kinase B (AKT) activity and improved downstream factor transcription. Furthermore, miR-181b-5p effectively ameliorated the inhibition of HPDLSC proliferation and osteogenesis induced by inflammation. Conclusions: This study concluded that exosomes induced by mechanical strain promote HPDLSC proliferation and osteogenic differentiation via the miR-181b-5p/PTEN/AKT signaling pathway, suggesting a potential mechanism for maintaining periodontal homeostasis.
Percutaneous intramedullary screw fixation in lateral malleolar ankle fractures
Authors: Abulsoud Mohamed Ibrahim , Sebaie Adnan Al , Darwish Ahmed , Moawad Mohamed , Elzahed Ehab , El-Ghaffar Tarek M Abd , Elmarghany Mohammed , Elgeushy Ahmed 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Objectives: To evaluate the outcome of percutaneous fixation of lateral malleolar ankle fractures by intramedullary screw.Methods: Twenty-five patients with Weber A and Weber B displaced lateral malleolus fractures were retrospectively reviewed after they had done closed reduction and percutaneous internal fixation with an intramedullary fully threaded screw with a washer. A 3.5-mm, fully threaded, self- tapping bone screw. The length of the screw varies between 90 mm and 110 mm, depending on the fracture location and pattern.Results: All fractures united within an average time to union of 5.86 ± 1.74 weeks. There were no deep wound infections or complaints of painful hardware. At the latest follow-up, functional results were excellent in 16 patients (64%) good in 8 patients (32 %), fair in one patient (4%).Conclusion Percutaneous intramedullary screw fixation is a good technique in the management of lateral malleolar fracture that provides good clinical and radiological results as it is rapid, minimally invasive, and without prominent hardware.
Production and verification of the first Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) clonal lines
Authors: hansen tom , Penman David , Glover Kevin Alan , Fraser Thomas , Vågseth Tone , Thorsen Anders , Sørvik Anne Grete Eide , Fjelldal Per Gunnar 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: In several fish species homozygous and heterozygous clonal lines have been produced using gynogenetic and androgenetic techniques. These lines are standardized and can be reproduced over generations. In rainbow trout such lines have existed for decades and has become important research tools in genome studies as well as in studies of commercially important traits. The Atlantic salmon is one of the best studied fish species globally, but all experiments are done on fish of wild or domesticated origin and access to standardized immortal fish lines would be of great benefit. Here, we describe the protocols developed to produce mitotic gynogenes, and from these the first clonal lines in Atlantic salmon.Results: Atlantic salmon eggs fertilized with UV irradiated sperm combined with a pressure shock applied at 4700 - 4800 minC at 8 oC gave all homozygous (doubled haploid) gynogenetic progeny with high survival. From the six first maturing females, five all homozygous clonal lines were produced by meiotic gynogenesis and were verified as clonal and identical to their mother with microsatellite markers.Conclusions: We have now produced the first documented cloned Atlantic salmon lines. This work demonstrates the potential for production of further Atlantic salmon clonal lines, potentially with distinct characteristics. Such lines will provide an important resource for further elucidation of phenotypic and genetic traits in this globally important species.
Linc00473 potentiates cholangiocarcinoma progression by modulation of DDX5 expression via miR-506 regulation
Authors: Huang Lining , Jiang Xingming , Li Zhenglong , Li Jinglin , Lin Xuan , Hu Zengtao , Cui Yunfu 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a mortal cancer with high mortality, whereas the function and mechanism of occurrence and progression of CCA are still mysterious. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) could function as important regulators in carcinogenesis and cancer progression. Growing evidences have indicated that the novel lncRNA linc00473 plays an important role in cancer progression and metastasis. However, its function and molecular mechanism in CCA remain unknown. Methods: The linc00473 expression in CCA tissues and cell lines was analyzed using qRT-PCR. Gain- and loss-of-function experiments were conducted to investigate the biological functions of linc00473 both in vitro and in vivo. Insights into the underlying mechanisms of competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) were determined by bioinformatics analysis, dual-luciferase reporter assays, qRT-PCR arrays, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and rescue experiments. Results: Linc00473 was highly expressed in CCA tissues and cell lines. Linc00473 knockdown inhibited CCA growth and metastasis. Furthermore, linc00473 acted as miR-506 sponge and regulated its target gene DDX5 expression. Rescue assays verified that linc00473 modulated the tumorigenesis of CCA by regulating miR-506. Conclusions: The data indicated that linc00473 played an oncogenic role in CCA growth and metastasis, and could serve as a novel molecular target for treating CCA.
A single-arm feasibility study of community-delivered Baduanjin (Qigong practice of the eight Brocades) training for frail older adults
Authors: Liu Xiao , Seah Jean Wei Ting , Pang Benedict Wei Jun , Tsao Mary Ann , Gu Falong , Ng Wai Chong , Tay Junie Ying Ru , Ng Tze Pin , Wee Shiou Liang 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Frailty is a common geriatric syndrome, characterized by reduced physiologic reserve and increased vulnerability to stressors, due to cumulative decline in multiple physiological systems. We studied the feasibility of a community-delivered Baduanjin (BDJ) training program among pre-frail/frail community-dwelling older people. We examined 1) safety (adverse events), physical and psychological effects; and 2) feasibility of recruitment, retention, adherence; recruitment efforts and any program challenges, so as to inform future studies.Methods: Our study was a single arm pre-post study in a community setting. Sixteen week group BDJ training (2x/week in the first 4 weeks, and 3x/week thereafter) co-designed and implemented by community-based providers in Singapore. Recruitment, attendance and adverse events were recorded throughout the training. A participants’ survey was also administered after the training program. Effects of the intervention on physical and functional outcomes (hand grip strength, knee extension strength, Time Up and Go (TUG), Physiological Profile Assessment (PPA), 30-second Sit-to-Stand test, 6-meter fast gait speed test), frailty outcomes (frailty score and status), and other outcomes (Maastricht Questionnaire (MQ), Fall Efficacy Scale (FES), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), and EQ-5D-5L) were examined before and after the program.Results: Of 31 older adults screened to be frail, 15 met inclusion criteria and 3 refused participation, resulting in 12 older adults (9 women) enrolled into the program. During the program, one participant was hospitalized (unrelated to BDJ training) and the other 11 (aged 77±6 years; 2 frail, 9 prefrail at baseline) completed the program with average overall attendance of 89%. Most (89%) of the 44 training sessions had attendance >80%. The program received positive feedback with no training-related adverse events. Participants either reversed (n=2) or maintained (n=9) their frailty statuses. There post-training outcomes in hand grip strength, knee extension strength, TUG , MQ , FES , MoCA , GDS and EQ-5D-5L index score appeared to be better. The reduction of frailty and PPA fall risk scores were of moderate-to-large effect size. Conclusions: Community-delivered BDJ training program was safe and feasible for prefrail/frail older adults with the potential to improve physical and cognitive function, reduce fall risk, improve psychological well-being, and reverse frailty status.
LRH1 promotes tumor cell proliferation and migration, and is correlated with poor prognosis in ovarian cancer
Authors: Sun Wenzhou , Shi Qingtao , Li Jiaxin , Li Jinmeng , Yu Libo 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background Liver receptor homolog 1 (LRH1) plays a vital role in several human cancers, but its role in ovarian cancer (OC) remains unclear. We aimed to explore the functions of LRH1 and its clinical relevance. Methods LRH1 expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The effects of LRH1 on tumor cell proliferation, migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) were evaluated in vitro. Furthermore, bioinformatics analysis was applied to predict the functions of LRH1. Results RT-qPCR showed that LRH1 mRNA expression was intense in the invasive lesions (P < 0.05). LRH1 overexpression was extremely related with elevated International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage (P = 0.001), lymph node metastasis (P = 0.011), and peritoneal metastasis (P = 0.001). Furthermore, LRH1 expression was an independent prognostic index for disease-free survival in patients with OC (P = 0.041). LRH1 overexpression (P=0.011), FIGO stage (P<0.001), and ascites (P=0.015) independently affected peritoneal metastasis in patients with OC. LRH1 knockdown significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration, and EMT of human OC cells (P < 0.05). Bioinformatics analysis indicated that the functions of LRH1 were associated with the PRC1 complex, nuclear ubiquitin ligase complex, and Polycomb-group (PcG) proteins. Conclusions This study provides evidence of the predictive value of LRH1 on peritoneal metastasis and poor outcome and highlights the potential role of LRH1 as a biomarker for the targeted therapy of OC. Furthermore, LRH1 promotes OC cell proliferation, migration, and EMT in vitro, and its functions may be associated with PRC1 complex, nuclear ubiquitin ligase complex, and PcG proteins.
Multiple circulating alkaloids and saponins from intravenous Kang-Ai injection inhibit human cytochrome P450 and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase isozymes: potential drug-drug interactions
Authors: Qin Zifei , Jia Mengmeng , Yang Jing , Xing Han , Yin Zhao , Yao Zhihong , Zhang Xiaojian , Yao Xinsheng 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Kang-Ai injection is widely used as an adjuvant therapy drug for many cancers, leukopenia, and chronic hepatitis B. Circulating alkaloids and saponins are believed to be responsible for therapeutic effects. However, their pharmacokinetics (PK) and excretion in vivo and the risk of drug-drug interactions (DDI) through inhibiting human cytochrome P450 (CYP) and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) enzymes remain unclear. Methods: PK and excretion of circulating compounds were investigated in rats using a validated ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS) method. Further, the inhibitory effects of nine major compounds against eleven CYP and UGT isozymes were assayed using well-accepted specific substrate for each enzyme. Results: After dosing, 9 alkaloids were found with Cmax and t1/2 values of 0.17-422.70 μmol/L and 1.78-4.33 h, respectively. Additionally, 28 saponins exhibited considerable systemic exposure with t1/2 values of 0.63-7.22 h, whereas other trace saponins could be negligible or undetected. Besides, over 90% of alkaloids were excreted through hepatobiliary and renal excretion. Likewise, astragalosides and protopanaxatriol (PPT) type ginsenosides also involved in hepatobiliary and/or renal excretion. Protopanaxadiol (PPD) type ginsenosides were mainly excreted to urine. Furthermore, PPD-type ginsenosides were extensively bound (fu-plasma approximately 1%), whereas astragalosides and PPT-type ginsenosides displayed fu-plasma values of 12.35% and 60.23-87.36%, respectively. Moreover, matrine, oxymatrine, astragaloside IV, ginsenoside Rg1, ginsenoside Re, ginsenoside Rd, ginsenoside Rc, and ginsenoside Rb1 exhibited no inhibition or weak inhibition against several common CYP and UGT enzymes IC50 values between 8.81 and 92.21 μM. Through kinetic modeling, their inhibition mechanisms towards those CYP and UGT isozymes were explored with obtained Ki values. In vitro-in vivo extrapolation showed the inhibition of systemic clearance for CYP or UGT substrates seemed impossible due to [I]/Ki no more than 0.1.Conclusions: We summarized the PK behaviors, excretion characteristics and protein binding rates of circulating alkaloids, astragalosides and ginsenosides after intravenous Kang-Ai injection. Furthermore, weak inhibition or no inhibition towards these CYP and UGT activities could not trigger harmful DDI when Kang-Ai injection is co-administered with clinical drugs primarily cleared by these CYP or UGT isozymes.
N-Terminal Pro-B-Type Natriuretic Peptide as a Prognostic Indicator for 30-Day Mortality Following Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A prospective observational study.
Authors: Aarsetøy Reidun , Omland Torbjørn , Røsjø Helge , Strand Heidi , Lindner Thomas Werner , Aarsetøy Hildegunn , Staines Harold , Nilsen Dennis Winston Trygve 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Early risk stratification applying cardiac biomarkers may prove useful in sudden cardiac arrest patients. We investigated the prognostic utility of early-on levels of high sensitivity cardiac troponin-T (hs-cTnT), copeptin and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA).Methods: We conducted a prospective observational unicenter study, including patients with OHCA of assumed cardiac origin from the Southwestern part of Norway from 2007 until 2010. Blood samples for later measurements were drawn during cardiopulmonary resuscitation or at hospital admission. Results: A total of 114 patients were included, 37 patients with asystole and 77 patients with VF as first recorded heart rhythm. Forty-four patients (38.6%) survived 30-day follow-up. Neither hs-cTnT (p = 0.49), nor copeptin (p = 0.39) differed between non-survivors and survivors, whereas NT-proBNP was higher in non-survivors and significantly associated with time to death, with a hazard ratio (HR) for patients in the highest compared to the lowest quartile of 4.6 (95% CI 2.1 – 10.1), p < 0.001. This association was attenuated in the multivariable analysis [HR 2.18 (95% CI 0.83 – 5.72)], p = 0.11. NT-proBNP was significantly higher in asystole- as compared to VF-patients, p < 0.001.Conclusions: In OHCA, NT-proBNP was significantly associated with 30-day survival in univariate analysis, but associations were attenuated after multivariable adjustment. Hs-cTnT and copeptin did not provide prognostic information following OHCA.Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials. gov, NCT02886273.
Factors Influencing the Physical Activity Behaviours of Nigerian Adolescents: Qualitative Views of School Principals and Teachers
Authors: Oluwasanu Mojisola , Oladepo Oladimeji , Ibitoye Segun Emmanuel 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Insufficient physical activity is a growing public health challenge among Nigerian adolescents. Significant information gap exists on the drivers of the physical activity behaviours of in-school adolescents in Nigeria. This study was conducted to identify the factors influencing the physical activity behaviours of in-school adolescents within the school settings. Methods: This was a qualitative study conducted in 12 public and private schools in two local government areas of Oyo state, Nigeria. Two key sources of data were used: six key informant interviews with school principals and six focus group discussions with classroom teachers using pre-tested guides. Data was analysed using thematic analysis.Results: Several factors influence the physical activity behaviours of adolescents. Personal characteristics such as adolescents’ sex and age and social factors such as norms associated with gender participation in sports, cultural and religious views influenced the physical activity behaviours of the adolescents. The negative attitudinal dispositions of parents and teachers and low prioritisation of physical education were identified as critical barriers to physical activity participation. Other school-related factors such as increasing demand for classroom academic time, inadequate funding for schools which limits the recruitment of physical health education teachers, provision of facilities and equipment as well as security threats and brawling associated with competitive school-based sporting events were identified also as limiting opportunities for the effective implementation of policies and programmes for physical activity in schools.Conclusions: Drivers of insufficient physical activity among in-school adolescents are multifactorial. Implementation of holistic, multi-component interventions which address the individual, parental, social and school-level factors and limit students’ participation and opportunities for physical activity in schools are recommended.
Prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding practice in Ethiopia and its association with maternal employment: a systematic review and meta-analysis, 2019.
Authors: Wake Getu Engida , Mittiku Yohannes Moges 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Exclusive breastfeeding defined as the practice of providing only breast-milk for an infant for the first 6 months of life without the addition of any other food or water, which recommends initiation of breastfeeding within one hour of life and continued breastfeeding for up to 2 years of age or more. Maternal employment is the most important factor contributing to the low practice of exclusive breastfeeding. However; the effect of maternal employment on exclusive breastfeeding is not investigated in Ethiopia. Methods: Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline was used in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The databases used were; PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and Cochrane library were systematically searched. Joanna Briggs Institute Meta-Analysis of Statistics Assessment and Review Instrument (JBI-MAStARI) was used for critical appraisal of studies. Results: thirty-six studies were included in the final analysis after reviewing 541 studies in this meta-analysis yielding the pooled prevalence of EBF 59.76% (95% CI: 54.84, 64.68) in Ethiopia.Those employed mothers were 57% less likely to practice exclusive breastfeeding in comparison to unemployed mothers in Ethiopia [OR] 0.43; 95% CI (0.3, 0.62).Conclusions: The overall prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding in this meta-analysis is low in comparison to the global recommendation of the practice of exclusive breastfeeding. Maternal employment was significantly associated with the practice of exclusive breastfeeding in comparison to their counterparts. Based On our review findings, we recommended that the Ethiopian government should increase legislated paid maternity leave after delivery beyond current paid maternity leave and implement policies that empower women and create a conducive environment for mothers to practice exclusive breastfeeding at the workplace.