bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Whole-genome Sequencing of Two Streptomyces Strains Isolated From Sand Dunes of Sahara
Authors: Zerouki Chahira , Bensalah Farid , Kuittinen Suvi , Pappinen Ari , Turunen Ossi 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background. Sahara is one of the largest deserts in the world. The hard conditions especially high temperature and aridity lead to unique adaptation of organisms that could be a potential source of new metabolites. In this respect, two Saharan soils from El Oued Souf and Beni Abbes in Algeria were collected. The bacterial isolates were selected by screening the antibacterial, antifungal, and enzymatic activities. The whole genomes of the two native Saharan strains were sequenced to study the desert Streptomyces microbiology and ecology from genomic perspective. Results. The strains Babs14 (from Beni Abbes, Algeria) and Osf17 (from El Oued Souf, Algeria) were initially identified by 16S rRNA sequence as belonging to the Streptomyces genus. The whole genome sequencing of the two strains was performed by using Pacific Biosciences Sequel II technology (PacBio) and it showed that Babs14 and Osf17 have a linear chromosome of 8.00 Mb and 7.97 Mb, respectively. The number of identified proteins is 6910 in Babs14 and 6894 in Osf17. No plasmids were found in Babs14, whereas three plasmids were detected in Osf17 and no genome duplications were detected in the two strains. Although the strains have different phenotypes and are from different regions, they are slightly different from each other in protein sequence level but, differ more from their earlier published relatives. 29 biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) coding for secondary metabolites were predicted in each strain indicating antifungal, antibiotic, and other activities of Babs14 and Osf17. Moreover, many other BGCs were related to biosynthesis of factors needed in response to environmental stress in temperature, UV light and osmolarity. Conclusion. The genome sequencing of Saharan Streptomyces strains revealed factors that are related to their adaptation to an extreme environment and stress conditions. The genome information gives tools to study the ecological adaptation in desert environment and to explore the bioactive compounds of these microorganisms. The two whole genome sequences are among the first ones for the Streptomyces genus of Algerian Sahara. The present research was undertaken as a first step to explore more profoundly the desert microbiome.
Molecular Characterization and Genomic Analysis of Novel Phage vB_ ShiP-A7 Infecting Multidrug-Resistant Shiglla Fexneri and Escherichia Coli
Authors: Xu Jing , Gu Yu , Yu Xinyan , Zhang Ruiyang , Zhang Xuesen , Liu Genyan , Liu Xiaoqiu 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundPhage therapy has regained more attention due to the rise of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. Several case reports demonstrated clinical application of phage in resolving infections caused by MDR bacteria in recent years. ResultsWe isolated a new phage, vB_ShiP-A7, and then investigated its characteristics. Phage vB_ShiP-A7 is a member of Podoviridae that has an icosahedral spherical head and a short tail. vB_ShiP-A7 has large burst size and short replication time. vB_ShiP-A7’s genome is linear double stranded DNA composed of 40058 bp, encoding forty-three putative open reading frames. Comparative genome analysis demonstrated vB_ShiP-A7’s genome sequence is closely related to fifteen different phages (coverage 74-88%, identity 86-93%). Mass Spectrometry analysis revealed that twelve known proteins and six hypothetical proteins exist in particles of vB_ShiP-A7. Genome and proteome analyses confirmed the absence of lysogen-related proteins and toxic proteins in this phage. In addition, phage vB_ShiP-A7 can significantly reduce the growth of clinical MDR stains of Shigella ﬂexneri and Escherichia coli in liquid culture. Furthermore, vB_ShiP-A7 can disrupt biofilms formed by Shigella ﬂexneri or Escherichia coli in vitro. ConclusionPhage vB_ShiP-A7 is a stable novel phage, which has a strong application potential to inhibit MDR stains of Shigella ﬂexneri and Escherichia coli. Comparing the genomes between vB_ShiP-A7 and other closely-related phages will help us better understand the evolutionary mechanism of phages.
Up-regulated Expression of MTHFD2 Correlates with Favorable Prognosis in LGG Patients: A Bioinformatic Analysis
Authors: Shi Lu-feng , Zhang Qian , Shou Xiao-ying , Niu Huan-jiang 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background Methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 2 (MTHFD2) was found to be up-regulated in various cancers and has been identified as a potential target for cancer treatment, but the potential function of MTHFD2 in low-grade gliomas (LGG) has not been well-examined. This study initially revealed the potential function of MTHD2 and emphasized its importance in LGG. Methods We first explored the expression of MTHFD2 in LGG patients using Oncomine and UALCAN database. Survival analysis on LGG patients was then conducted based on age, gender, radiation therapy, histologic grade, tumor type and MTHFD2 expression. Cox regression analysis was also applied to predict the prognostic factor for overall survival (OS) of LGG. Finally, we performed enrichment analysis to reveal the potential MTHFD2-associated pathways involved in LGG. Results We found that MTHFD2 is highly expressed in LGG patients, and MTHFD2 expression is related with age, sub-types and TP53-mutation status (all P<0.05). Age, radiation therapy, histologic grade and tumor type were implicated in the survival of LGG patients (all P<0.05). High expression of MTHFD2 desirably improved the prognosis of LGG patients (P<0.001), especially for those patients with characteristics of age≥45 years old (P<0.001), receiving radiation therapy treatment (P=0.001), sub-type of astrocytoma and oligodendroglioma (all P<0.05), and histologic grade 3 (P<0.05). MTHFD2 was determined as an independent prognostic factor with age and grade for OS of LGG patients (all P<0.01). Pathway enrichment analysis indicated that MTHFD2 mainly participates in mTOR signaling pathway, apelin pathway and folate-mediated one-carbon metabolism.Conclusions The expression of MTHFD2 is associated with key clinical phenotype. High expression of MTHFD2 is favorable for the overall survival of LGG patients. MTHFD2 may serve as a novel prognostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target for LGG treatment.
Assessing the Impact of Corporate Entrepreneurship in the Financial Performance of Subsidiaries of Colombian Business Groups: Under Environmental Dynamism Moderation
Authors: Rodriguez-Peña Antonio 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Corporate entrepreneurship creates opportunities in employment, technological advances, value creation, and cultural transformation for entrepreneurial ecosystems, entrepreneurs, governments, economies and society around the globe. The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of corporate entrepreneurship on the financial performance of subsidiaries of Colombian business groups under the moderating effect of the environmental dynamism, because the relationship between corporate entrepreneurship and financial performance in emerging economies must differ from developed economies. Using a cross-sectional structural equation modeling analysis, this study assessed the impact of entrepreneurial orientation and corporate venturing on the firm financial performance of 87 subsidiaries of Colombian business groups at different levels of environmental dynamism. This study confirms that the relationship between corporate entrepreneurship and performance is context-dependent, and that entrepreneurial orientation has a strong and positive causal relationship to corporate venturing. Additionally, subsidiaries of Colombian business groups increase their financial performance when they increase entrepreneurial orientation and decrease financial performance when they increase corporate venturing. Furthermore, the results with and without environmental dynamism are similar. This paper would contribute to important areas in Latin America business where such studies are scarce.
Inhibition of DKC1&nbsp; Induces Telomere-related Senescence and Apoptosis in Lung Adenocarcinoma&nbsp;
Authors: Kan Guangyan , Wang Ziyang , Sheng Chunjie , Yao Chen , Mao Yizhi , Chen Shuai 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundLung cancer is one the most widely spread cancers in the world and half of the non-small cell lung cancers are lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Although there were several drugs been approved for LUAD therapy, a large portion of LUAD still can not be successfully treated due to lack of available therapeutic targets. Here, we investigated the oncogenic roles of DKC1 in LUAD and explored the potential mechanism and the possibility for LUAD therapy. MethodsWe analyzed Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and The Cancer Genome Atlas Program (TCGA) database and tissue microarray of LUAD. The expression of DKC1 and its correlation with prognosis were examined. In addition, Loss- and gain-of-function assays were used for oncogenic function of DKC1 both in vitro and in vivo.ResultsDKC1 is overexpressed in LUAD compared with normal tissues. High expression of DKC1 predicts the poor overall survival. Knockdown DKC1 in LUAD cell lines induced G1 phase arrest and inhibits cell proliferation. Ectopic expression of DKC1 could rescue the growth of LUAD cell lines. The abundance of DKC1 is positively correlated with TERC and TERT levels. DKC1 downregulation caused decreased TERC expression, reduced telomerase activity and shorten telomere, and thus eventually led to cell senescence and apoptosis.ConclusionsOur results show that high DKC1 expression indicates poor prognosis and DKC1 downregulation could induce telomere-related cell senescence and apoptosis. This study suggests that DKC1 could serve as a candidate diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for LUAD.
Computed tomography findings in a cohort of 169 dogs with elbow dysplasia
Authors: Ruszkowski Jakub Jędrzej , Hebel Mateusz , Panek Wojciech K. , Nabzdyk Maria , Niedzielski Dariusz , Pituch Katarzyna C. , Jackson Aaron M. , Kiełbowicz Maciej , Pomorska-Mól Małgorzata 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Canine elbow dysplasia (CED) is a complex developmental skeletal disorder associated with a number of pathological conditions within the cubital joint in dogs. Complex primary conditions associated with CED included medial coronoid disease without fragmented medial coronoid process, medial coronoid disease with fragmented medial coronoid process, osteochondrosis and/or osteochondrosis dissecans, ununited anconeal process, and joint incongruency and may be identified separately as a singular cause of elbow dysplasia, or occur as a combination of lesions presented simultaneously. The objective of this study was to assess the percentage prevalence of different components of CED in dogs suffering from this condition with the use of CT imaging. In addition, the correlations between various CED lesions and demographic features of the tested dogs were investigated. Results: 169 dogs of various breeds met the inclusion criteria. Statistically significant differences were found between the age of affected dogs in individual weight groups. Moreover, the significant correlation between weight and age in the cohort of large-size dogs with CED was noted. In 96 dogs OA of varying severity was found. 11.6% of dogs were diagnosed with unilateral CED and 88.4% suffered from bilateral CED. The majority of dogs diagnosed with CED were young with an average age of 2.26 ± 0.18 years old. Significant differences in the occurrence of CED components in different-size groups were also noted. Males represented the majority in this study population. Conclusion: CT-imaging allowed for the assessment of the prevalence of CED components in affected dogs of different breeds. The use of CT imaging as a screening test in puppies of the breeds of which CED is the most prevalent facilitates the selection of dogs with joint incompatibility, which increases the risk of MDC, at time when no other changes are present. An early diagnosis of the mentioned pathology may allow for the introduction of less invasive therapeutic strategies, ensuring the improvement of joint biomechanics. The correlation between different components of CED and demographic features found in our study may provide valuable prognostic criteria and help in the future identification of various risk factors or therapeutic strategies.
Perceptions, emotional reactions and needs of adolescent psychiatric inpatients during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative analysis of in-depth interviews
Authors: Giannakopoulos George , Mylona Savvina , Zisimopoulou Anastasia , Belivanaki Maria , Charitaki Stella , Kolaitis Gerasimos 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: The new coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) has been accompanied by great psychological pressure on the entire population. However, little is known about how this pandemic could affect the more vulnerable population with severe mental illness.Aims: To explore adolescent psychiatric inpatients' perceptions, emotional reactions and needs during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: Individual in-depth interviews were conducted with nine psychiatric inpatients aged 12-17 years. Five themes were initiated by interviewers through open-ended questions: (1) knowledge about the coronavirus pandemic, (2) changes in everyday routine, (3) feelings about the pandemic, (4) helpful thoughts and behaviors, and (5) practices of helping adolescents with their difficulties concerning the pandemic. A thematic analysis was conducted using line-by-line open coding.Results: Regarding their knowledge about the impact of the current pandemic, almost all adolescents focused on information about the nature of coronavirus and existing crisis management practices. Nearly all patients identified mainly negative changes due to the quarantine state, such as restrictions on social life and personal freedom, and excessive contact with family members during home isolation. With regard to their feelings, they acknowledged anxiety about harm to self and beloved ones, mood changes within the family nucleus, the unknown, and the management of the pandemic in other countries. Avoiding thought rumination about the coronavirus and its consequences, focusing on the positive, and looking into and towards the future were reported as helpful strategies for coping with difficult feelings. Additionally, a sense of belongingness insofar as they are not alone and share a common experience, seems central to the adolescents' arsenal of coping strategies. Confidence in the authorities and the community was another particularly interesting point that emerged during the interviews. Last, our findings indicated adolescents' benefit from receiving balanced health messaging, in addition to balanced thinking within their social and family environment.Conclusions: Better comprehension of possible mediating psychological pathways is needed in order to help clinicians, researchers and decision-makers develop psychosocial support interventions, to prevent the deterioration of mental disorders and overall functioning, as well as additional stress-related disorders.
Changes in opioid mortality following increased access to opioid substitution treatment
Authors: Andersson Lisa , Håkansson Anders , Berge Jonas , Johnson Björn 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background Opioid-related mortality is high and increasing in the Western world, and interventions aimed at reducing mortality represent an important area of study. In Skåne County, Sweden, a patient choice reform resulted in increased access to opioid substitution treatment (OST). In addition, a gradual shift towards less restrictive terms for exclusion from OST has been implemented. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of these policy changes on opioid-related mortality. Methods Detailed data on all opioid-induced deaths in Skåne during the two years prior to and following the policy change were obtained from forensic records and from health care services. Data on overdose deaths for Skåne and the rest of Sweden were obtained using publicly available national register data. Time periods were used as the predictor for opioid-related mortalities in the forensic data. The national level data were used in a natural experiment design in which rates of overdose deaths were compared between Skåne and the rest of Sweden before and after the intervention.Results There was a non-significant increase in the number of deaths in Skåne between the data collection periods (RR: 1.18 95% CI:0.89-1.57, p= 0.251). The proportion of deaths among patients enrolled in OST increased between the two periods (2.61, 1.12-6.10, p= 0.026). There was no change in deaths related to methadone or buprenorphine in relation to deaths due to the other opioids included in the study (0.92, 0.51-1.63, p= 0.764). An analysis of national mortality data showed an annual relative decrease in unintentional drug intoxications in Skåne compared to the rest of Sweden following the onset of the reform (0.90, 0.84-0,97, p= 0.004). Conclusions Opioid-related mortality, as assessed using forensic data, has not changed significantly in Skåne following a change to lower-threshold OST. By contrast, national level data indicate that the policy change has been associated with decreased opioid mortality. The discrepancy between these results highlights the need for more research to elucidate this issue. The result that more patients die during ongoing OST following an increase in access to treatment underlines the need for further preventive interventions within the OST treatment setting.
Caring for COVID’s most vulnerable victims: a safety-net hospital responds
Authors: Komaromy Miriam , Harris  , Koenig MBA Rob M. , Tomanovich MA Mary , Ruiz-Mercado Glorimar , Barocas Joshua A. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: As COVID-19 surged in people experiencing homelessness, leaders at Boston Medical Center (BMC), New England’s largest safety-net hospital, developed a program to care for them.Aim: Provide an opportunity for COVID-infected people experiencing homelessness to isolate and receive care until no longer contagiousSetting: A decommissioned hospital building.Participants: COVID-infected people experiencing homelessnessProgram Description: Care was provided by physician volunteers and furloughed staff. Care focused on allowing isolation, managing COVID-19 symptoms, harm-reduction interventions, and addressing problems related to substance use and mental illness.Program evaluation: Among 226 patients who received care, 65% were referred from BMC. Five percent were transferred to the hospital for a complication that appeared COVID-related. There were no deaths, but 7 patients had non-fatal overdoses. Seventy-nine % had at least one diagnosis of mental illness, and 42% reported actively using at least one substance at the time of admission. Thirty % had at least one mental health diagnosis plus active substance use.Discussion: This hospital-based COVID Recuperation Unit was rapidly deployed, provided safe isolation for 226 patients over 8 weeks, treated frequent SUD and mental illness, and helped prevent the hospital’s acute-care bed capacity from being overwhelmed during the peak of the COVID-19 epidemic.
Safety and medical cost effectiveness of preventive treatment of children with latent tuberculosis infection
Authors: Baronova O. D. , Aksenova V. A. , Klevno N. I. , Odinets V. S. , Pilipenko O. V. 
Published: October 2020

The objective: to assess the safety and medical cost effectiveness of different LTBI treatment regimens in children and adolescents.Subjects and methods. 205 children in the age from 6 to 17 years old with latent tuberculosis infection were included in the study: The main (prospective) group included 31 children who were treated with isoniazid and rifapentine (HRpt). The comparison (retrospective) group included 174 pediatric patients: 128 patients received the regimen consisting of isoniazid and pyrazinamide (HZ), 14 patients received isoniazid and rifampicin (HR), and 32 patients received isoniazid and ethambutol (HE).Results. When using the HRpt regimen, the treatment was well tolerated; adverse events (eosinophilia) were documented in 6.5% of children. The medications were taken once a week and it allowed reducing the frequency of treatment interruptions for non-medical reasons. The overall cost per patient was lower with the HRpt regimen than with the other three LTBI treatment regimens.
EVOLUÇÃO DE GRAU DE INCAPACIDADE FÍSICA EM PESSOAS COM HANSENÍASE: ESTUDO LONGITUDINAL
Authors: De Oliveira Libório Dourado Giovanna , Saraiva dos Santos Kelly , Nogueira Lidya Tolstenko 
Published: October 2020

Introdução: A hanseníase é um agravo infectocontagioso e incapacitante em que mesmo após a alta por cura pode suceder o desenvolvimento de sequelas. Objetivo: avaliar a evolução do grau de incapacidade física (GIF) de pessoas com hanseníase. Método: Trata-se de uma pesquisa observacional, descritiva, de delineamento longitudinal. O estudo foi desenvolvido em duas etapas com interstício mínimo de dois anos entre as etapas em um município hiperendêmico do Piauí. Foram avaliadas 256 pessoas e analisou-se a forma clínica, classificação operacional e o grau de incapacidade física. Resultados: Os participantes do estudo apresentavam forma clínica indeterminada (41,8%), classificação operacional paucibacilar (55,5%), no primeiro momento 54% apresentavam GIF I e no segundo momento 63,5% também GIF I. A avaliação longitudinal evidenciou aumento entre os classificados como GIF I de 17,64%. Conclusões: A avaliação dos dois momentos possibilitou constatar que houve aumento entre as pessoas classificadas com algum grau de incapacidade física, ocorrendo aumento percentual entre o GIF I.
EXAME CITOPATOLÓGICO DO COLO UTERINO: DESCRIÇÃO DOS PRINCIPAIS INDICADORES EM UM MUNICÍPIO NORDESTINO
Authors: Rodrigues Milena , De Moraes Maiara 
Published: October 2020

Introdução: O câncer do colo do útero é um importante problema de saúde pública na população feminina brasileira e seu diagnóstico precoce aumenta consideravelmente a probabilidade de cura. A taxa de cura é próxima aos 100%, demonstrando que medidas preventivas, como o exame Papanicolau, são fundamentais para prevenção desse problema. Objetivo: O objetivo desse estudo foi descrever os resultados dos exames citopatológicos em mulheres de 25 a 64 anos no Município de Mossoró/RN. Metodologia: Levantamento retrospectivo analítico dos exames citopatológicos cadastrados no banco de dados do Sistema de Informação do Câncer de Colo de Útero (SICOLO) entre o período de 2014 e 2019 para o seu perfil epidemiológico. Resultados: Um total de 46606 casos foram incluídos e analisados. Houve uma tendência de aumento na realização dos testes ao longo dos anos. 83,8% dos casos representam células escamosas atípicas de significado indeterminado (ASC-US). 70% das lesões intraepiteliais escamosas (LIS) foram diagnosticadas como sendo de baixo grau (LISL). Não houve diagnóstico citopatológico de carcinoma de células escamosas e apenas 2 casos de adenocarcinoma in situ. Conclusões: Mossoró segue um padrão nacional de maiores resultados celulares atípicos representados por ASC-US e LSIL. Resultados sugestivos de alto grau de malignidade existem em menor frequência nos exames preventivos e necessitam ser avaliados por exames mais invasivos.
Palavras-Chave: Neoplasias do colo do útero; Teste de Papanicolaou; Saúde da Mulher.