bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of papaya leaf extract (Carica papaya L) on healing process of buccal traumatic ulcer in wistar rats
Authors: Femilian Afryla , Agustina Dewi , Subagyo Goeno 
Published: December 2019

Indonesians have been using herbal medicines for a long time to cure some illnesses. Carica papaya L is an example of an herb that contains papain enzymes, saponins, lysozymes, lipases, flavonoids, polyphenols and vitamin C. These ingredients are believed to be beneficial for the wound healing process. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of topical application of ethanolic extract of Carica papaya L to the healing process of rat mouth ulcer. Subjects were 32 Wistar rats divided into 2 groups (control group and treatment group), each group containing 16 rats. All subjects were made to suffer from ulcers using glacial acetyl acid applied for 40 seconds in the buccal mucosa. Treatment group was treated with papaya leaf ethanolic extract on ulcers twice a day using microbrush, while the ulcer in the control group was not treated with the extract. The ulcerated tissue was biopsied and stained with H&E. Observations were performed on the day 0, 3rd, 7th and 12th on HE slides. Data were observed by looking at three indicators of wound healing i.e. macrophage, angiogenesis and re-epithelisation. Number of macrophages and angiogenesis were analyzed using two-way ANOVA. Data of epithelial thickness were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis test. The post hoc test in the treatment group and the control group on day 0 showed results of p = 1.00. On day 3, day 7 and day 12, the result of p was <0.05. In the treatment group on day 0 compared to the treatment group on the 3rd, 7th, 12th day, the results were p<0.05. In the treatment group on the 3rd day compared to the 7th and 12th days the results were p>0.05. The treatment group on the 7 day compared to the treatment group on the 12 day had p>0.05. In the control group, on day 0 compared to day 3, the results of p>0.05, while the control group day 0 with day 7, 12 had a result of p<0.05. The control group on the 3rd day was compared with the 7th day. The 12th also had a result of p<0.05. The comparison between the 7 day control groups showed p of >0.05. These data suggest that the papaya leaf ethanolic extract could accelerate the healing of oral ulcer on the buccal mucosa of wistar rats.
Early Detection of Oncological Diseases of the Digestive System (Guidelines of the Russian Gastroenterological Association and the Russian Association of Oncologists for Primary Care Physicians)
Authors: Ivashkin V. T. , Mayev I. V. , Kaprin A. D. , Agapov M. Yu. , Andreev D. N. , Vodoleev A. S. , Zharkova M. Yu. , Korolev M. P. , Kucheryavyi Yu. A. , Lapina T. L. , Mayevskaya M. V. , Okhlobystin A. V. , Pavlov Ch. S. , Paraskevova A. V. , Pirogov S. S. , Poluektova E. A. , Rumyantseva D. E. , Trukhmanov A. S. , Tsarkov P. V. , Sheptulin A. A. , Shifrin O. S. 
Published: December 2019

Aim. The present guidelines intended for primary care physicians are aimed at facilitating early diagnosis of malignant tumours of the digestive system, which can significantly improve the immediate and long-term results of their treatment.General provisions. The guidelines comprise sections devoted to esophageal adenocarcinoma, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma and extrahepatic bile duct and gall bladder cancer, as well as pancreatic cancer. Each section contains information on risk factors and precancerous diseases, which allows a physician to identify whether a particular patient falls into the risk group of digestive system neoplasms. It is shown how digestive system cancers can be suspected on the basis of patients’ complaints and past medical history, as well as data obtained both from a direct examination and laboratory instrumental studies. Each section offers practical algorithms in cases of suspected esophageal adenocarcinoma, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma and extrahepatic bile duct and gallbladder cancer, as well as pancreatic cancer.Conclusion. The knowledge of clinical manifestations and risk factors in the development of digestive system neoplasms allows a physician to suspect cancer and devise a timely and adequate diagnostic strategy, including laboratory and instrumental studies at specialised clinical centres.
Liver Radioembolization: a New Chapter in Russian Oncology
Authors: Kaprin A. D. , Ivanov S. A. , Kucherov V. V. , Petrosyan A. P. , Mayorov K. V. , Markov N. V. , Petrov L. O. , Davydov G. A. , Sigov M. A. , Silantieva N. K. , Berezovskaya T. P. , Usacheva A. Yu. , Sanin D. B. 
Published: December 2019

Recent years have seen an increase in the number of patients with malignant tumours of the liver. In this context, new treatment methods are being actively introduced into practice, one of which is liver radioembolization utilizing microspheres embedded with yttrium-90 (90Y).Aim. To review literature data on the history of radioembolization and its application for liver tumours.Key findings. Annually, over 200 thousand patients with inoperable primary liver cancer and over 270 thousand patients with inoperable metastatic liver cancer are registered globally, for whom radioembolization is considered as the most suitable treatment method. 90Y is a pure beta emitter without its own gamma line, which is characterized by a small average particle path in the tissue of 2.5 mm (the maximum level is 11 mm), a maximum beta particle energy of 2.27 MeV (average energy of 0.937 MeV) and a half-life of 64.1 hours. Clinical research into microspheres containing 90Y has been actively conducted since 1977 all over the world. However, it was only in 2004 that the US FDA authorized the clinical use of glass microspheres containing 90Y for the treatment of hepatocellular cancer and liver colorectal cancer metastases. Until recently, radioembolization has not been applied in Russia. In 2018, the joint efforts of the A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Centre (MRRC) — branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre and BEBIG LLC resulted in the production of Russian microspheres containing yttrium-90, which were subsequently introduced into routine clinical practice. The first liver embolization in Russia using microspheres containing domestic yttrium-90 (BEBIG LLC) to a patient with hepatocellular cancer was carried out by V.V. Kucherov and A.P. Petrosyan at the A. Tsyb RMMC on April, 25 in 2019.Conclusion. The production of microspheres containing 90Y in Russia, as well as a technical improvement of the procedure, will facilitate the introduction of liver radioembolization into the routine management of patients with malignant liver tumours.
Clinical Evaluation of Noncarious Cervical Lesions of Different Extensions Restored With Bulk-fill or Conventional Resin Composite: Preliminary Results of a Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Correia AMO , Jurema ALB , Andrade MR , Borges ALS , Bresciani E , Caneppele TMF 
Published: December 2019

SUMMARY

Purpose:
This randomized clinical trial evaluated the influence of the occlusogingival distance (OGD) of noncarious cervical lesions (NCCLs) on the clinical performance of a regular bulk-fill resin composite and a regular nanofilled resin composite.

Methods and Materials:
A total of 140 restorations were randomly placed in 77 participants by one operator. NCCLs were divided into four groups (n=35) according to OGD (1.5 mm±10% or 3 mm±10%) and resin composites (Filtek Bulk Fill Posterior [B] or Filtek Z350 XT [C]) used: 1.5 mm-B, 1.5 mm-C, 3 mm-B, and 3 mm-C. A two-step self-etch adhesive (Clearfil SE Bond) was applied following manufacturer instructions in all restorative procedures. Restorations were polished 1 week after placement. Clinical evaluation was performed at baseline (7 days), 6 months, and 1 year by two calibrated examiners, according to the modified US Public Health Service criteria evaluating fractures/retention, marginal staining, marginal adaptation, recurrence of caries, anatomic form, postoperative sensitivity, and surface texture. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used for intergroup comparison in each follow-up; the Friedman analysis of variance, followed by the least significant difference test (multiple comparisons) was used for intragroup comparison between baseline and follow-up times (α=0.05).

Results:
Two restorations were lost at 12 months (1 for 1.5 mm-B and 1 for 3 mm-B). The retention rates at 12 months were 100% for 1.5 mm-C, 97% for 1.5 mm-B, 100% for 3 mm-C; and 97% for 3 mm-B, with no statistical difference among the groups (p=0.570). At 12 months, a statistically significant difference was found among the follow-up times for the same group (1.5 mm-B, 1.5 mm-C, and 3 mm-B) regarding the marginal staining criterion; moreover, the 3 mm-C group showed a significant difference from 6 months. No significant difference was found for the other parameters.

Conclusion:
Both resin composites showed acceptable clinical performance, and the OGD of NCCLs did not influence the clinical performance of resin composite restorations after 12 months.
Effects of Bioactive Agents on Dentin Mineralization Kinetics After Dentin Bleaching
Authors: Ubaldini ALM , Pascotto RC , Sato F , Soares VO , Zanotto ED , Baesso ML 
Published: December 2019

SUMMARY

Objectives:
This study evaluated effects of Bioglass 45S5 (BG) and Biosilicate (BS) remineralization on the chemical composition and bond strength of control dentin (CD) and bleached dentin (BD) surfaces.

Methods and Materials:
Dentin bleaching treatment was performed using the walking bleaching technique with 0.01 g of sodium perborate and 0.5 mL of 3% hydrogen peroxide for 14 days. Remineralization treatment was carried out by rubbing a remineralization solution (0.015 g of BG or BS diluted in 1.35 mL of distilled water) on the etched dentin surface for 30 seconds. Micro-Raman spectroscopy (MRS) was used to quantitatively analyze the mineral matrix ratios of CD and BD (n=5) after remineralization treatment with BG and BS over 15 days of incubation in artificial saliva. The CD and BD discs (n=10) with and without remineralization treatment with BG and BS were restored using a two-step etch-and-rinse adhesive system (Optibond S, Kerr) and five layers of 1-mm-thick composite resin (Filtek Z250, 3M ESPE). The restored dentin discs were sectioned into nine bonded beams with cross-sectional areas of approximately 0.9 mm2 and tested for microtensile bond strength (μTBS). The dentin surface of one fractured beam per tooth was submitted to MRS to characterize the physicochemical composition (n=10) at the interface. The data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and the Tukey-Kramer post hoc test (p&lt;0.005).

Results:
MRS bioactive analyses revealed that both BG and BS promoted increased mineral matrix ratios in the CD and BD. Significantly higher μTBS values were found after CD treatment with BG (CD: 57 MPa±11; CD-BG: 78 MPa±15) and when BG and BS were applied to the BD (BD: 42 MPa±5; BD-BG: 71 MPa±14; BD-BS: 64 MPa±11) (p&lt;0.005). The MRS analysis of the fractured dentin beam showed that the remineralization treatment significantly increased the dentin relative mineral concentration and promoted the appearance of new interface peaks, indicating a chemical interaction (p&lt;0.005).

Conclusion:
Remineralization of BD is an effective therapy to restore damage caused by dentin bleaching and acid conditioning. This approach not only increases dentin mineral compounds but also improves dentin's ability to interact chemically with the adhesive system.
Influence of Multiple Peak Light-emitting-diode Curing Unit Beam Homogenization Tips on Microhardness of Resin Composites
Authors: Soto-Montero J , Nima G , Rueggeberg FA , Dias CTS , Giannini M 
Published: December 2019

SUMMARY
This study evaluated the effect of light curing unit (LCU) guide type (regular or homogenizing) on top and bottom microhardness of conventional and bulk-fill resin-based composites (RBCs). A polywave light-emitting-diode (LED) LCU (Bluephase Style, Ivoclar Vivadent AG) was used with two different light guides: a regular tip (RT, 935 mW/cm2 emittance) and a homogenizer tip (HT, 851 mW/cm2 emittance). Two conventional RBCs (Herculite Ultra [HER], Kerr Corp; Tetric EvoCeram [TEC], Ivoclar Vivadent AG) and two bulk-fill RBCs (SonicFill [SOF], Kerr Corp; Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill [TBF], Ivoclar Vivadent AG) were tested. Disc-shaped samples (10 mm Ø), 2-mm thick for conventional composites and 4-mm thick for bulk-fill composites were prepared. Samples were light cured according to manufacturer-recommended times. Knoop microhardness values (KHN) were obtained on the top and bottom surfaces of each specimen at locations correlated with the output of the three LED chips emitting blue (456 nm) or violet light (409 nm). Beam profile analysis using both light guides was also performed. Microhardness of each composite was analyzed using three-way analysis of variance and Tukey honestly significant difference post hoc test (α=0.05). Beam profile images showed better light distribution across the surface of the HT light guide. Use of the HT decreased KHN of HER at the locations of the blue LED chips at bottom of the sample but had no effect on the top surface. For TEC, use of HT increased KHN of all three LED locations at the top surface. Use of the HT increased KHN of SOF at locations corresponding to one of the blue and the violet LED chips at the bottom surface. For TBF, HT increased KHN at all top surface locations. All RBCs showed higher mean KHN at the top compared with the bottom surfaces. In general, all composites presented a higher KHN at the blue LED areas regardless of the surface or the tip used. Results suggest that the homogenizer light guide resulted in significantly increased microhardness at the top, in composite resins containing alternative photoinitiators; however, that effect was not observed at the bottom surfaces.
Differences in Radiopacity, Surface Properties, and Plaque Accumulation for CAD/CAM-Fabricated vs Conventionally Processed Polymer-based Temporary Materials
Authors: Nassary Zadeh P , Lümkemann N , Eichberger M , Stawarczyk B , Kollmuss M 
Published: December 2019

Clinical RelevanceAs temporary materials are often used in prosthetic dentistry, there is need to investigate their behavior in the oral environment. Parameters such as surface roughness and surface free energy correlate to the level of plaque adhesion, which can impact gingival health.SUMMARYObjective:To test computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM)-fabricated and conventionally processed polymer-based temporary materials in terms of radiopacity (RO), surface free energy (SFE), surface roughness (SR), and plaque accumulation (PA).Methods and Materials:Six temporary materials (n=10/n=10) were tested, including three CAD/CAM-fabricated (CC) materials—Art Bloc Temp (CC-ABT), Telio CAD (CC-TC), and VITA CAD Temp (CC-VCT)—and three conventionally processed (cp) materials: Integrity Multi Cure (cp-IMC), Luxatemp Automix Plus (cp-LAP), and Protemp 4 (cp-PT4). Zirconia acted as the control group (CG, n=10). RO was evaluated according to DIN EN ISO 13116. SFE was investigated using contact angle measurements. SR was measured using a profilometer. The PA tests were performed using three microorganisms: Streptococcus mutans, Actinomyces naeslundii, and Veillonella parvula. Data were analyzed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney U-, Dunn-Bonferroni, Wilcoxon, Levene, and Pearson tests and one-way analysis of variance with post hoc Scheffé test (α=0.05).Results:No radiopacity was observed for any CC material or cp-PT4. CG showed the highest RO, while no differences between cp-IMC and cp-LAP were found. CG showed lower SFE compared to all polymer temporary materials, except in the case of CC-TC. cp-LAP and cp-IMC presented higher SFE than did CC-TC and CG. CC-ABT presented lower initial SR values compared to cp-PT4 and cp-LAP. For cp-LAP, a higher initial SR was measured than for all CAD/CAM materials and cp-IMC. All specimens showed a certain amount of PA after the incubation period. A naeslundii and V parvula resulted in comparable PA values, whereas the values for S mutans were lower by one log level. CAD/CAM materials showed superior results for SR, SFE, and PA, whereas all materials lacked RO.
Effects of Online Course Load on Degree Completion, Transfer, and Dropout among Community College Students of the State University of New York
Authors: Shea Peter , Bidjerano Temi 
Published: December 2019

Research suggests that some students are at risk of lower levels of academic performance when studying online compared to students who take coursework only in the classroom. Community college students appear to be among those that struggle in online settings. In this paper, we hypothesize that online course load may influence outcomes for such students, especially those at risk for lower levels of degree attainment. To examine this, we conducted a statewide study using data from the 30 community colleges (n=45,557) of the State University of New York, to understand online course-load effects on degree completion, transfer, and dropout. We conclude that when controlling for covariates known to impact degree completion, on average, community college students who successfully complete online courses nearly double their chances (odds ratio=1.72) of earning a degree or transferring to a 4-year college. However, racial minority students had reduced outcomes and additional research is warranted.
Plataforma con Información Geográfica, de Apoyo al Plan de Evacuación Latacunga, en caso de erupción del Volcán Cotopaxi
Authors: Cevallos Culqui Alex , Rodrígues Bárcenas Gustavo , Cantuña Flores Karla , Rubio Peñaherrera Jorge 
Published: December 2019

El 14.VIII.015 a las 04:02, el Volcán Cotopaxi vuelve a despertar, un reporte de descensos de flujos piroclásticos exige la evacuación preventiva en las zonas aledañas, el caos prevalece en ciudades como Latacunga y Sangolquí. Como consecuencia de la falta de socialización de los planes de contingencia, pobladores y rescatistas desconocen zonas de seguridad, albergues, rutas de evacuación, ubicación de personas con discapacidad. El presente estudio busca centralizar y publicar información georreferencial de los planes de contingencia ante una posible erupción, para brindar a los pobladores en zonas de riesgo, mejor ubiquidad para la toma de decisiones en su plan de evacuación, por medio de una plataforma web que reciba, calcule y entregue información geográfica de zonas de riesgo, albergues, domicilios, discapacitados, rutas de evacuación. Focalizando los riesgos para el cantón Latacunga, la plataforma administra: Información Geográfica de zonas de riesgo, usando un fichero KML (Keyhole Markup Language) con información geográfica de las zonas afectadas por inundaciones laháricas, la delimitación de estas zonas son el resultado de un modelo matemático para la simulación de flujos laháricos con el software LAHARZ; Información geográfica de albergues, se determina la ubicación georreferencial de los 125 albergues asignados para Latacunga; Información geográfica de personas con discapacidad, se registra geográficamente 84 personas con discapacidad, de la parroquia en zona de riesgo, La Matriz; Determinación de ruta de evacuación, la teoría de geometrías en información geográfica, ha permitido procesar datos geométricos de la superficie terrestre, facilitando el cálculo de distancias con longitudes y latitudes.
Cancer survival in Cali, Colombia: A population-based study, 1995-2004
Authors: Bravo Luis Eduardo , García Luz Stella , Collazos Paola Andrea 
Published: December 2019

Background: There is limited information on population-based cancer survival data in Latin America.Objetive: To obtain estimates of survival for some cancers recognized as a public health priority in Colombia using data from the Cancer Registry of Cali for 1995-2004.Methods: All cancer cases for residents of Cali were included for the following sites: breast (3,984), cervix uteri (2,469), prostate (3,999), stomach (3,442) and lung (2,170). Five-year relative survival estimates were calculated using the approach described by Estève.Results: Five-year relative survival was 79% in patients with prostate cancer and 68% and 60% in women with breast or cervix uteri cancer, respectively. The cure fraction was 6% in subjects with lung cancer and 15% in those with stomach cancer. The probability of dying from breast or prostate cancer in people in the lower socio-economic strata (SES) was 1.8 and 2.6 times greater, respectively, when compared to upper SES, p <0.001. Excess mortality associated with cancer was independent of age in prostate or breast cancer. After adjusting for age, sex and SES, the risk of dying from breast, cervix uteri, prostate and lung cancer during the 2000-2004 period decreased 19%, 13%, 48% and 16%, respectively, when compared with the period of 1995-1999. There was no change in the prognosis for patients with stomach cancer.Conclusions: Survival for some kinds of cancer improved through the 1995-2004 period, however health care programs for cancer patients in Cali are inequitable. People from lower SES are the most vulnerable and the least likely to survive.
Characterization of treatment failure in HIV positive patients in the Colombian Caribbean region
Authors: De La Hoz Juan Manuel , Bolaño Laura , Cárdenas Oriana , González Robertulio , Sabbag José , Palacio Lucy , Alonso Luz Marina , San-Juan-Vergara Homero , Cervantes-Acosta Guillermo 
Published: December 2019

Objectives: Treatment failure in patients receiving antiretroviral therapy against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is always a concern. The major aim of the present work was to examine the correlates associated with treatment failure in patients living in the Colombian Caribbean city of Barranquilla, an aspect that was poorly studied in this region. Methods: Treatment failure was evaluated in a cross-sectional study from virological, immunological and clinical standpoints. Results: It was established that 29.5% of patients under highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) could be considered in treatment failure. Among those, virological failure was most frequent (20.9%), followed by immunological- (14.0%) and clinical failure (4.7%). In patients showing lack of adherence to the treatment, the likelihood of suffering from treatment- and virogical-failure were respectively increased by 6.67-fold and 12.19-fold, compared with patients showing good adherence. Although there was no statistically significant association, treatment failure tended to be more frequent in young adults and in patients with low income or low level of education. When antiretroviral therapies (ART) regimens were compared, there was no apparent difference in treatment failure between regimens based on non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors and those based on protease inhibitors. This is very important in the context of recent ART strategies, such as early-initiated ART, aimed at achieving long-term infection control. Conclusions: The current study confirms the importance of treatment adherence to avoid treatment failure and further highlights the importance of educating HIV-infected patients in all parts of the world, especially those individuals with a lower socio-economic status.