bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alzheimer’s Cerebrospinal Biomarkers from Lumipulse Fully Automated Immunoassay: Concordance with Amyloid-Beta PET and Manual Immunoassay in Koreans
Authors: Moon Sohee , Kim Sujin , Mankhong Sakulrat , Choi Seong Hye , Vandijck Manu , Kostanjevecki Vesna , Jeong Jee Hyang , Yoon Soo Jin , Park Kyung Won , Kim Eun-Joo , Yoon Bora , Kim Hee Jin , Jang Jae-Won , Hong Jin Yong , Park Dong-Ho , Shaw Leslie M. , Kang Ju-Hee 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Universal Alzheimer’s disease (AD) cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarker cutoffs from immunoassays with low interlaboratory variability could improve diagnostic accuracy and help predict disease progression. To determine the diagnostic cutoffs of CSF AD biomarkers measured with three immunoassay platforms, including fully automated Lumipulse based on b-amyloid (Ab) positron emission tomography (PET) status, to determine diagnostic utility and clinical predictability.Methods: Three hundred thirty-one Korean participants were enrolled from a prospective, 3-year longitudinal observational study of the validation cohort of Korean Brain Aging Study for the Early Diagnosis and Prediction of AD: 71 cognitively normal (CN), 99 with subjective cognitive decline (SCD), 89 with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and 72 with AD. Among these 331 participants, 139 (29, 58, 29, and 23 from each group, respectively) provided CSF and 271 underwent baseline amyloid PET. Three annual cognitive and neuropsychiatric function tests were conducted. Ab42, Ab40, total-tau and phosphorylated-tau181 were measured by Lumipulse fully automated immunoassay and two manual immunoassays (INNO-BIA AlzBio3, INNOTEST). Clinical utility of CSF biomarker cutoffs, based on 128 participants with Ab-PET, were evaluated.Results: Cognitive and neuropsychological scores differed significantly among the groups, with descending performance among CN > SCD > MCI > AD. Biomarker levels among immunoassays were strongly intercorrelated, and using the cutoffs for Ab-PET status with maximal AD diagnostic accuracy (n = 215), the levels showed excellent agreement with Ab-PET. Use of Ab-PET-based cutoffs for CSF biomarkers showed excellent diagnostic discrimination between AD and CN (Ab42, Ab42/Ab40, t-tau/Ab42 and p-tau/Ab42) with overall AUC ranges to discriminate AD and CN (0.876–0.952). During follow-up, participants with AD-like CSF signature determined by Ab-PET-based cutoffs from Lumipulse showed rapid progression of clinical scores, after adjustment for potential confounders, compared with those with a normal CSF signature.Conclusion: CSF AD biomarkers measured by different immunoassay platforms show strong intercorrelated agreement with Ab-PET. Ab-PET-based CSF biomarker cutoffs measured by immunoassays, including the Lumipulse, strongly predict progression of cognitive decline. The clinical utility of CSF biomarkers from fully automated immunoassay platforms should be evaluated in larger, more diverse cohorts.
The molecular tweezer CLR01 improves behavioral deficits and reduces tau pathology in P301S-tau transgenic mice
Authors: Di Jing , Siddique Ibrar , Li Zizheng , Malki Ghattas , Hornung Simon , Dutta Suman , Hurst Ian , Ishaaya Ella , Wang Austin , Tu Sally , Boghos Ani , Ericsson Ida , Klärner Frank-Gerrit , Schrader Thomas , Bitan Gal 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Molecular tweezers (MTs) are broad-spectrum inhibitors of abnormal protein aggregation. A lead MT, called CLR01, has been demonstrated to inhibit the aggregation and toxicity of multiple amyloidogenic proteins in vitro and in vivo. Previously, we evaluated the effect of CLR01 in the 3×Tg mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease, which overexpresses mutant human presenilin 1, amyloid β-protein precursor, and tau and found that subcutaneous administration of the compound for one month led to a robust reduction of amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, and microgliosis. CLR01 also has been demonstrated to inhibit tau aggregation in vitro and tau seeding in cell culture, yet because in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and in the 3×Tg model, tau hyperphosphorylation and aggregation are thought to be downstream of Aβ insults, the study in this model left the question whether CLR01 affected tau in vivo directly or indirectly open.Methods: To determine if CLR01 could ameliorate tau pathology directly in vivo, we tested the compound similarly using the P301S-tau (line PS19) mouse model. Mice were administered 0.3- or 1.0-mg/Kg per day CLR01 and tested for muscle strength and behavioral deficits, including anxiety- and disinhibition-like behavior. Their brains then were analyzed by immunohistochemical and biochemical assays for pathological forms of tau, neurodegeneration, and glial pathology.Results: CLR01 treatment ameliorated muscle-strength deterioration, anxiety-, and disinhibition-like behavior. Improved phenotype was associated with decreased levels of pathologic tau forms, suggesting that CLR01 exerts a direct effect on tau in vivo. Limitations of the study included a relatively short treatment period of the mice at an age in which full pathology is not yet developed. In addition, high variability in this model lowered the statistical significance of the findings of some outcome measures.Conclusions: The findings suggest that CLR01 is a particularly attractive candidate for the treatment of AD because it targets simultaneously the two major pathogenic proteins instigating and propagating the disease, amyloid β-protein (Aβ) and tau, respectively. In addition, our study suggests that CLR01 can be used for the treatment of other tauopathies in the absence of amyloid pathology.
Application of electric spring in coal mine power supply
Authors: Zhang Xi , Zheng Zheng 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
With the continuous improvement of mine automation, coal mines have higher and higher requirements for the quality of power supply voltage, and voltage fluctuations have become one of the factors that threaten the safe operation of coal mines. In order to solve this problem, this article uses the electric spring (ES) in the coal mine power supply system. First, it analyzes the working principle of the electric spring. Next, aiming at the deficiencies of the resonance control strategy, a compound control strategy in which quasi-proportional resonance control (QPR) and repetitive control are parallel is proposed. The introduction of repetitive control can suppress the periodic disturbance of the power grid, effectively improve the steady-state accuracy, and reduce system harmonics. Then, the design method of repeated controller parameters is studied in detail. Finally, MATLAB/Simulink is used to build a simulation model, and dSPACE is used as the control core to build an ES experiment platform. Simulation and experimental results verify the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed control algorithm, and point out that the electric spring can ensure the voltage stability of key electrical equipment and provide a reliable guarantee for the safe production of the mine.
Design and Characterization of Canopy Air Curtain for Protecting Against Diesel Particulate Matter Exposures in Underground Mines
Authors: Noll James , Reed Randy , Potts Drew , Shahan Mike 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Blasters are one of the highest exposed work groups to diesel particulate matter (DPM) in underground metal/nonmetal mining. These workers can spend a good portion of their day under a canopy in a basket loading blastholes with explosives. Therefore, one way of potentially reducing their exposures to DPM is to place a canopy air curtain (CAC) on the basket of the ANFO loader. In the original design of the CAC on a roof bolting machine and shuttle car, a fan draws in air through a filter to capture the dust and then supplies clean air beneath the canopy where a miner is working. This paper describes the testing of a CAC that was redesigned to fit an ANFO loader and prevent exposures to DPM as well as respirable dust. Laboratory measurements demonstrated reductions of submicron particles that relate to the percent reductions of DPM. The CAC provided substantial protection of mine workers to DPM (80% reductions), from within 15.24 cm (6 inches) of the edge of the CAC using a 7.62-cm (3-inch) lip. As the mine worker approaches the edges of the CAC, the percent reduction starts to reduce to the 30–50% range. The mine worker achieves the best results when within 15.24 cm (6 inches) from the edge of the CAC. In addition, the CAC should be located such that the breathing zone of the mine worker is 25.4–50.8 cm (10–20 inches) below the CAC.
PENGARUH PERSEPSI SISWA TENTANG KETERSEDIAAN DAN PEMANFAATAN FASILITAS LABORATORIUM IPA TERHADAP MOTIVASI BELAJAR IPA-BIOLOGI SISWA KELAS VIII MTs NEGERI 1 KENDAL TAHUN AJARAN 2018/2019
Authors: Fadhilah Nila , Kusrinah Kusrinah , Rizqianti Anif 
Published: October 2020

<p>Salah satu fasilitas yang dapat mendukung proses pembelajaran IPA adalah laboratorium IPA. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk untuk mendreskripsikan pengaruh persepsi siswa tentang ketersediaan dan pemanfataan fasilitas laboratorium IPA terhadap motivasi belajar IPA-Biologi kelas VIII MTs Negeri 1 Kendal Tahun 2018/2019. Peneliti ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian Asosiatif. Metode pengambilan sampel yang adalah <em>Simple Random Sampling </em>dengan jumlah resonden 30. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan metode angket. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis data regresi linier ganda dengan uji F. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebesar 1,81955321 sedangkan taraf signifikan 5% adalah 3,28. Karena nilai hal ini berarti Ho diterima. Artinya tidak ada pengaruh ketersediaan dan pemanfaatan fasilitas laboratorium IPA terhadap motivasi belajar IPA-Biologi. Nilai kontribusi pengaruh persepsi siswa tentang ketersediaan dan permanfaatan fasilitas laboratorium IPA terhadap motivasi belajar IPA-Biologi sebesar 11,87% Sedangkan 88,12 % ditentukan oleh faktor lain yang ada kalanya berupa faktor internal dan faktor eksternal. Faktor internal diantaranya yaitu kebutuhan belajar, harapan dan cita-cita, minat sedangkan faktor eksternalnya berupa dorongan keluarga, lingkungan, imbalan.</p><strong>Kata kunci</strong>: Persepsi, ketersediaan, pemanfaatan, fasilitas, laboratorium, motivasi belajar
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN ULAR TANGGA BERCERITA BERBASIS PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA KELAS X PADA MATERI EKOSISTEM DI MA HIDAYATUL MUBTADI’IN
Authors: Solekhah Inayatus 
Published: October 2020

Proses pembelajaran biologi diharapankan mampu memenuhi peraturan pemerintah yang tertuang dalam “Standar Nasional Pendidikan” (SNP) serta mampu mencapai “Standar Kompetensi Lulusan” (SKL). Cara yang dapat dilakukan dalam menciptakan proses pembelajaran sesuai peraturan yang berlaku adalah menggunakan media ular tangga bercerita materi ekosistem yang diharaoakn mampu meningkatkan kemamouan berpikir kritis dan pendidikan karakter. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui karakterisik, tingkat kelayakan, dan efektivitas dari media yang dikembangkan. Model pengembangan yang digunakan adalah ADDIE. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara tidak terstruktrur, angket, dan tes soal uraian kemampun berpikir kritis. Sampel ujicoba produk skala besar produk ini diujikan secara kuasi eksperimen yakni pada kelas X MIA 1 (eksperimen) dan X MIA 2 (kontrol). Spesifikasi media yang dikembangkan diantaranya: papan ular tangga bercerita, kartu soal, kartu kunci, petunjuk permainan, buku pegangan, dan kotak penyimpanan. Media dilengkapi penanaman nilai karakter serta pertanyaan yang memicu kemampuan berpikir kritis. Hasil kelayakan produk dari ahli materi, ahli media, dan praktisi menunjukkan produk tergolong dalam kategori sangat layak digunakan. Hasil respon siswa juga menunjukkan bahwa media termasuk kategori sangat menarik. Keefektivan media pembelajaran ular tangga bercerita berbasis pendidikan karakter diperoleh rata-rata kelas ekperimen 74.2 sedangkan rata-rata kelas kontrol 66.07 dengan nilai t<sub>hitung</sub>= 3.891 dan t<sub>tabel</sub>=2.0154, sehingga t<sub>hitung</sub> &gt; t<sub>tabel</sub> dan H<sub>a </sub>diterima dan H<sub>o</sub> di tolak, disimpulkan terdapat perbedaan hasil <em>post-test</em> kelas ekperimen dengan kelas kontrol. Uji N-gain didapatkan nilai rata-rata kelas kontrol 35.32 yang berarti sedang dan nilai rata-rata kelas eksperimen 43.48 yang berarti sedang, sehingga disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan media ular tangga bercerita berbasis pendidikan karakter terbukti efektif untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa kelas X pada materi ekosistem MA Hidayatul Mubtadi’in
Climate change impacts on the water and groundwater resources of the Lake Tana Basin, Ethiopia
Authors: Tigabu Tibebe B. , Wagner Paul D. , Hörmann Georg , Kiesel Jens , Fohrer Nicola 
Published: October 2020

AbstractClimate change impacts on the water cycle can severely affect regions that rely on groundwater to meet their water demands in the mid- to long-term. In the Lake Tana basin, Ethiopia, discharge regimes are dominated by groundwater. We assess the impacts of climate change on the groundwater contribution to streamflow (GWQ) and other major water balance components in two tributary catchments of Lake Tana. Based on an ensemble of 35 bias-corrected regional climate models and a hydrologic catchment model, likely changes under two representative concentration pathways (RCP4.5 and 8.5) are assessed. No or only slight changes in rainfall depth are expected, but the number of rainy days is expected to decrease. Compared to the baseline average, GWQ is projected to decrease whereas surface runoff is projected to increase. Hence, rainfall trends alone are not revealing future water availability and may even be misleading, if regions rely heavily on groundwater.
Biosurfactants as a Novel Additive in Pharmaceutical Formulations: Current Trends and Future Implications
Authors: Thakur Shubham , Singh Amrinder , Sharma Ritika , Aurora Rohan , Jain Subheet Kumar 
Published: October 2020

Background:
Surfactants are an important category of additives that are used widely in most of the
formulations as solubilizers, stabilizers, and emulsifiers. Current drug delivery systems comprise of numerous
synthetic surfactants (such as Cremophor EL, polysorbate 80, Transcutol-P), which are associated with several
side effects though used in many formulations. Therefore, to attenuate the problems associated with conventional
surfactants, a new generation of surface-active agents is obtained from the metabolites of fungi, yeast, and
bacteria, which are termed as biosurfactants.

Objectives:
In this article, we critically analyze the different types of biosurfactants, their origin along with
their chemical and physical properties, advantages, drawbacks, regulatory status, and detailed pharmaceutical
applications.

Methods:
243 papers were reviewed and included in this review.

Results:
Briefly, Biosurfactants are classified as glycolipids, rhamnolipids, sophorolipids, trehalolipids, surfactin,
lipopeptides & lipoproteins, lichenysin, fatty acids, phospholipids, and polymeric biosurfactants. These
are amphiphilic biomolecules with lipophilic and hydrophilic ends and are used as drug delivery vehicles (foaming,
solubilizer, detergent, and emulsifier) in the pharmaceutical industry. Despite additives, they have some biological
activity as well (anti-cancer, anti-viral, anti-microbial, P-gp inhibition, etc.). These biomolecules possess
better safety profiles and are biocompatible, biodegradable, and specific at different temperatures.

Conclusion:
Biosurfactants exhibit good biomedicine and additive properties that can be used in developing
novel drug delivery systems. However, more research should be driven due to the lack of comprehensive toxicity
testing and high production cost which limits their use.
GRβ Regulates Glucocorticoid Resistance in Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss
Authors: Chen Xubo , Zhang Qi , Yang Chunping , Liu Yuehui , Li Lihua 
Published: October 2020

Background:
In recent years, the incidence of sudden deafness has gradually increased,
with a very limited understanding of its etiology and pathogenesis. Glucocorticoids are the first choice
of the treatment, but some hormone-resistant patients are not sensitive to glucocorticoid therapy. The
pathogenesis is not yet known. In this study, we aim to construct the HEI-OC1 cell line stably overexpressing
Glucocorticoid Receptor Beta (GRβ), and identify its exact role in the cases of glucocorticoidresistant
sudden deafness.

Methods:
We used the endotoxin lipopolysaccharide-stimulated cochlear hair cells (HEI-OC1) to investigate
the relationship of inflammation factor IL-2, TNF alpha, and SRp30c with the high expression
GRβ. We built a stable GRβ high expression HEI-OC1 cell line and clarified its effects on the
therapeutic effect of dexamethasone. MTT assay, colony formation assay, CCK-8 assay, Western blot,
and RT-qPCR were utilized for characterizations.

Results:
Dexamethasone reduced the LPS-induced inflammatory response from HEI-OC1 cells (p<0.05),
detected by MTT assay. Dexamethasone could protect HEI-OC1 cells, but its protective effect was weakened
due to the transfection of SRp30c over-expression plasmid (p<0.05). The transfection of SRp30c
over-expression plasmid in HEI-OC1 cells could elevate the expressions of GRβ (p<0.05).

Conclusion:
: We clarified the mechanisms of high expression of GRβ in glucocorticoid-resistant sudden
sensorineural hearing loss, and proved that the inhibition of SRp30c may act as a new treatment
way of glucocorticoid-resistant sudden sensorineural hearing loss.
Evaluation and Comparative Correlation of Abdominal Fat Related Parameters in Obese and Non-obese Groups Using Computed Tomography
Authors: Raghu Teja Kompalli J. Satya Siva , Durgaprasad Bhamidipaty Kanaka , Vijayalakshmi Payala 
Published: October 2020

Background:
Obesity is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular (CV) disease. Abdominal
fat is composed of abdominal subcutaneous fat and intra-abdominal (visceral) fat. Computed
tomography (CT) is considered one of the most accurate and reliable methods for assessing abdominal
fat.

Introduction:
The present study was based on evaluating abdominal fat by computed tomography
and the determination of association between CT obtained abdominal fat volumes, anthropometric
indices, and lipid profile.

Methods:
The prospective study was carried out on 120 subjects referred to the Radiology department
for a CT scan. Non - contrast CT scan was performed with 5 mm slice thickness. Abdominal
fat volumes were recorded by using CT attenuation values (- 250 to -50 HU). The section was selected
at the level of the umbilicus (L4-L5). Intra-abdominal fat and subcutaneous fat volumes
were calculated. Body Mass Index (BMI) and lipid profile were recorded for each subject. A comparative
study of the CT values, BMI, and lipid profile was undertaken.

Results:
In the present study, by comparing the anthropometric parameters, CT findings, and lipid
profile and blood parameters of the obese and non-obese groups by sex revealed significant sex differences
in all the parameters under study. It was also found that the obese male and female groups
showed a high prevalence of diabetes, Non-Alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and hypertension
than non-obese groups. This finding also adds to the chances of getting cardiovascular diseases,
specifically in obese individuals. The results found that in obese males and females the abdominal
fat-related parameters Visceral fatty acid (VFA) and subcutaneous fatty acid (SFA) showed
highly significant relation to anthropometric parameters like BMI, waist circumference (WC) and
waist/hip (W/H) ratio on the other hand blood parameters high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density
lipoprotein (LDL), very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), total cholesterol and triglycerides to
some extent have a significant relation to abdominal fat-related parameters. In non-obese groups,
by studying the influence of anthropometric parameters on abdominal fat-related parameters, it was
revealed that WC was strongly affected by the VFA in both sexes. In obese females, more fat was
accumulated in the VFA and SFA and for obese males in SFA and for non-obese males in total fatty
acid (TFA).

Conclusion:
Computed tomography assessed visceral fat area remains the most sensitive independent
predictor of cardiovascular risk.
An Overview of FDA Regulatory Requirements for Vascular Devices
Authors: Targhotra Monika , Aggarwal Rohan , Chauhan Meenakshi K. 
Published: October 2020

Background:Like the latest medications, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) endorsement procedure is expected to give assurance that, when it arrives at the commercial center, a clinical device is efficacious and safe in its planned use.Objective:The objective of the particular review is to give an outline of the FDAs’ survey method for clinical vascular devices. This audit principally focuses on the high-risk based or type-III class clinical devices that are used the most for the purpose of analyses.Methods:The clinical device guideline is achieved by the CDRH. Exacting adjustment to the wanted standards is required to get promoting approval. 510 (k), PMA, and HDE are the administrative pathways for acquiring promoting approval by the FDA. The decision of the administrative pathway received by organizations relies basically on the multifaceted nature of the structure, a potential hazard to the strength of the client, and safety.Results:Clinical devices are fundamentally imperative to vascular care, and doctors who utilize clinical gadgets ought to be increasingly mindful about the administrative procedures supporting their accessibility. The FDA audits high-risk based devices for safety and adequacy.Conclusion:The rationale for this analysis is to talk about the current FDA arrangements identified with the endorsement of medical devices alongside the ramifications of these approaches for clinical consideration, especially with regards to vascular care.
La “toma de decisiones” y la imposibilidad de la supervivencia de la Humanidad en el capitalismo
Authors: González Casanova Pablo 
Published: October 2020

En el presente trabajo se sostiene la siguiente tesis: las decisiones de quienes están a la cabeza del “modo de dominación y acumulación capitalista” conducen a una situación que hace imposible la supervivencia de la Humanidad y de la vida en general. A partir de la mentalidad contable de empresarios, accionistas y gerentes podemos entrar en el razonamiento característico del capitalismo que genera los actuales problemas y amenazas. La contabilidad, como técnica de loscomplejos militares-industriales-y-políticos, nos aclara cómo en pleno juicio y de una manera “normal” se toman las grandes decisiones que están amenazando con la destrucción del medio ambiente a nivel planetario. Esos razonamientos nos permiten comprender mejor por qué sus representantes de “la clase política” en los organismos y congresos internacionales no toman en cuenta, e incluso descalifican, los diagnósticos de los más respetables especialistas sobre lasgraves amenazas a la biósfera y a los ecosistemas. Bajo este cuerpo axiomático, una consecuencia inevitable es que la especie humana sobrevivirá si y sólo si el capitalismo deja de existir. La desaparición del capitalismo constituye, entonces, una condición necesaria aunque no suficiente para lograr la supervivencia de la especie humana. En el modo de dominación y acumulación que lo supla pueden prevalecer formas de acumulación primitiva y de depredación que ya se hanacentuado en la historia reciente. Impedir el desenlace fatal y cobrar conciencia de estos hechos implica una gran responsabilidad para las ciencias y los movimientos sociales.