bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic Hub Genes in the Immune Microenvironment of Lung Adenocarcinoma by Estimation
Authors: Liu Shanshan , Tian Wenjuan , Li Burong 
Published: December 2020

Background:
The mortality of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is high. Recent studies
have found that the degree of immune infiltration and stromal cells in the tumour microenvironment
or tumours makes a significant contribution to prognosis.

Methods:
During the study, we screened differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of the TCGA
database for prognostic genes in the LUAD immune microenvironment. Furthermore, immune
and stromal cells were quantified using the ESTIMATE algorithm. To study the effects of
immune and stromal cell-associated genes on the prognosis of LUAD, LUAD patients were
divided into high and low groups according to their immune/stromal scores. The obtained
scores were found to be related to the phenotype and survival rate of LUAD patients. By selecting
DEGs with high expression in immune and stromal cells, we performed functional enrichment
analysis and found that most genes are associated with pathways of cancer, stimulus
response and MAPK signaling. The functions and enriched pathways of LUAD prognostic
genes were shown by a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. Nonetheless, an external database
was used to validate the prognostic genes from the TCGA.

Results:
Prognostic genes were listed according to their expression position and protein function.

Conclusion:
We provided a new targets for immunotherapy of LUAD, which further provides basic knowledge for future clinical research.
Changes in Market Share of Biologic and Targeted Synthetic Disease-Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs for Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis: Results from the Ontario Best-Practice Research Initiative Database
Authors: Hepworth Elliot , Movahedi Mohammad , Rampakakis Emmanouil , Mirza Reza , Lau Arthur , Cesta Angela , Pope Janet , Sampalis John S. , Bombardier Claire 
Published: December 2020

Objective:
For patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) who do not achieve adequate
clinical response with combined conventional synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (cs-
DMARDs), initiation of advanced therapies such as biologic DMARDs (bDMARDs) or targeted
synthetic DMARDs (tsDMARDs) is recommended. Tumour necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) are
the oldest and most commonly used subgroup of advanced therapies. In the last decade, new non-TNFi
advanced therapy options have become available. We described the relative use of TNFi vs.
non-TNFi in Ontario-based practices from 2008-2017.

Methods:
Adult patients with RA enrolled in the Ontario Best Practices Research Initiative (OBRI)
database who started bDMARDs or tsDMARDs anytime during or within 30 days prior to enrollment
were included. The proportion of patients treated with TNFi vs. non-TNFi agents between
2008 and 2017 was described for all patients and those initiating their first bDMARD/tsDMARD.
All TNFi therapies were included. Non-TNFi included Abatacept, Rituximab, Tocilizumab, and Tofacitinib.

Results:
A total of 1,057 patients were included, of whom 72.0% were bDMARD/tsDMARD
naïve. In 2008, the relative non-TNFi use was 5.4% in all patients while it was 0% in bDMARD/ts-
DMARD-naïve patients. In 2017, the proportion of patients using non-TNFi increased to 33.8%
among all patients and 33.3% in bDMARD/tsDMARD-naïve patients.

Conclusion:
This descriptive analysis of data from the OBRI cohort reveals that TNFi are still
used in the majority of cases; however, there has been an increase in the use of non-TNFi therapies
both overall and as first-line advanced therapy. This trend towards non-TNFi therapies as first-line
advanced therapy may be partially explained by the shift in guideline recommendations from TNFi
as first-line to any of the advanced therapeutics.
Epilithic Microalgae Isolated from Biofilm on Borobudur Temple Stone
Authors: Purbani Debora Christin , Putri Ade Lia , Habibi Moh. 
Published: December 2020

Borobudur Temple is a historical heritage building located in an open area and made of porous building materials (stone materials). This condition makes the Borobudur Temple susceptible to various problems related to degradation and weathering. Biodeterioration of Borobudur Temple may be caused by activities of living organisms present in the biofilm of stone. Continuous monitoring and evaluation need to be carried out by observing and isolating the growth of micro-organisms, including epilithic microalgae. Therefore, this study aims to isolate and identify epilithic microalgae from the biofilm on Borobudur Temple stones. Epilithic microalgae were isolated to obtain a uni-algae and maintained under culture conditions. The morphological of microalgae were observed using light microscopy, while the 18S rRNA gene sequence determined the molecular identification of microalgae for eukaryotic and 16S rRNA sequence for prokaryotic. A total of nine epilithic microalgae were successfully isolated from the biofilm of Borobudur Temple stones. The isolated were identified as Ankistrodesmus falcatus, Tetraselmis cordiformis, Pseudendoclonium arthropyreniae, Anabaena cylindrica, Nostoc gelatinosum, Oscillatoria limnetica, Messastrum gracile, Stigeoclonium aestivale, and Scenedesmus acuminatus. This is the first study for the identification of microalgae from Borobudur temple stones. The isolates will be collected and will be used as a source for further study.
Contribuciones al conocimiento de las tribus de la región de Perijá
Authors: Reichel-Dolmatoff Gerardo 
Published: December 2020

La identificación cultural y delimitación tribal de los grupos indígenas que actualmente viven en la Sierra de Perijá y la vecina hoya del río Catatumbo, ha ocupado el interés de los antropólogos desde hace muchos años. Sin embargo, la escasez de informaciones adecuadas sobre estas tribus, algunas de las cuales han permanecido hasta la fecha en un relativo aislamiento cultural por su marcada belicosidad, no permite aún formular un cuadro coherente de la situación étnica de estas regiones. Al presentar en este artículo algunos datos nuevos sobre estos indígenas, esperamos hacer una pequeña contribución a los esfuerzos de otros colegas empeñados en aclarar un problema extremadamente complejo.
El nombre "Motilones" se ha aplicado desde mucho tiempo indiscriminadamente y muy erróneamente a varias tribus de la región de Perijá y de las hoyas del río Catatumbo y de otros ríos al norte de éste, que según sabemos con certeza, pertenecen a culturas y grupos lingüísticos muy diversos. Este error, de designar a diferentes agrupaciones étnicas con un solo nombre genérico, se ha cometido desafortunadamente no sólo en la prensa diaria y en las revistas populares, sino también se ha introducido en la literatura antropológica y ha llevado a una confusión acerca de las culturas, lenguas y razas que existen en aquellas regiones. Esta confusión se hace peor aún dada la escasez de datos científicamente válidos y la gran importancia que estos grupos, aislados en una zona marginal, tienen para la antropología suramericana. En el presente artículo trataré de definir brevemente algunas de las diferencias culturales que se pueden distinguir actualmente, ante todo con referencia a las agrupaciones indígenas que ocupan la zona colombiana de la hoya del río Catatumbo.
No presentaré aquí un resumen de las informaciones históricas sobre los llamados "Motilones", ya que éstas han sido recopiladas en gran parte ya por otros autores (véase por ejemplo: Armellada, 1954; Jahn, 1927; Métraux & Kirchhoff, 1948; Rivet & Armellada, 1950; Schön & Jam, 1952), sino que trataré solamente de la situación actual, así como de algunos datos resultantes de observaciones y sucesos más bien recientes.
Seniorzy na rynku usług bankowych w Polsce
Authors: Sołtysiak Mirosław 
Published: December 2020

Cel – Określenie preferencji przedstawicieli Polaków zaliczanych do grupy wiekowej 65+ w korzystaniu z podstawowych rodzajów produktów na rynku bankowym. Metoda badań – Badania ankietowe przeprowadzone na grupie 569 respondentów zaliczanych do generacji 65+; wykonane przy pomocy kwestionariusza ankietowego w okresie od marca do maja 2018 r. Poprzedzone badaniem pilotażowym zrealizowanym w styczniu 2018 r. Wynik – Określono zachowania Polaków zaliczanych do generacji 65+ na rynku usług bankowych. Oszacowano poziom zainteresowania produktami bankowymi i poziom aktywności w korzystania tych produktów oraz ustalono preferowane sposoby realizacji usług bankowych. Dokonano analiza portfela produktów bankowych tego segmentu klientów. Oryginalność/Wartość – Wyniki badań stanowią poszerzenie stanu wiedzy na temat zachowań klientów zaliczanych do generacji 65+ na polskim rynku usług bankowych.
Long-term effects of mini-screw–assisted rapid palatal expansion on airway:
Authors: Mehta Shivam , Wang Dennis , Kuo Chia-Ling , Mu Jinjian , Vich Manuel Lagravere , Allareddy Veerasathpurush , Tadinada Aditya , Yadav Sumit 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT

Objectives
To evaluate the long-term effects on airway in patients with mini-screw–assisted rapid palatal expansion (MARPE), rapid palatal expansion (RPE), and controls with three-dimensional cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) analysis.

Materials and Methods
A total of 180 CBCTs of 60 patients were analyzed at different time points, such as pretreatment, postexpansion, and posttreatment. Patients were divided into three groups: mini-screw assisted rapid palatal expansion (MARPE), rapid palatal expansion (RPE), and controls. The nasal cavity, nasopharyngeal, oropharyngeal, and laryngopharyngeal airway volume and area were measured. Changes in total airway volume, total airway area, minimal cross-sectional area, maxillary intermolar width, external maxillary width, and palatal width were also evaluated.

Results
Both MARPE and RPE caused a statistically significant increase in the airway after expansion as compared with the control group, but there was no statistically significant difference in the change in airway between MARPE, RPE, and the control group at posttreatment, except for nasopharyngeal volume, which was significantly increased in the MARPE group. There was no correlation between the amount of expansion and increase in total airway volume.

Conclusions
There was a significant increase in total airway volume, total airway area, and minimal cross-sectional area with MARPE and RPE immediately after expansion, but at posttreatment, the changes in the MARPE and RPE groups were similar to the change in the control group. However, MARPE led to a significant long-term increase in nasopharyngeal volume. The amount of expansion did not correlate with the increase in pharyngeal airway volume.
TAREFAS PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO DO RACIOCÍNIO COVARIACIONAL
Authors: Trevisan André Luis , Silva Daniel Daré Luziano da , Cargnin Claudete , Gonçalves William José 
Published: December 2020

O objetivo deste estudo foi o desenvolvimento de tarefas que contribuam no desenvolvimento de habilidades do raciocínio covariacional em aulas de Matemática. No intuito de atribuir um design experimental à atividade matemática, por meio da integração de tecnologias digitais de informação e comunicação (TDIC) utilizou-se o GeoGebra como recurso à investigação, em uma perspectiva de trabalho em ambientes de ensino e de aprendizagem pautados em episódios de resolução de tarefas. A elaboração fundamentou-se em referências que tratam do raciocínio covariacional, e do trabalho com episódios de resolução de tarefas com integração de TDIC. A proposta apresentada tem por objetivo estimular o estudante a pensar nas situações envolvidas, na relação entre as grandezas e, a partir dessa concepção, nas suas múltiplas representações em articulação com o uso de TDIC.
How will new orbital motorways reshape accessibility in Bratislava metropolitan area?
Authors: Ďurček Pavol , Nováková Gabriela , Horňák Marcel , Kusendová Dagmar 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Dynamic economic expansion of metropolitan regions in post-communist central Europe induces dynamic traffic growth, which calls for new transport network solutions and improvements to existing transport infrastructure within the regions. This is also the case of Bratislava as the capital city of post-communist Slovakia, which has recently been facing new economic and urban development challenges. A booming labour market, intensive suburbanisation processes, traffic expansion and urban (re-)development bring new conflicts and demand for grand-scale transport projects. An ongoing upgrade of the motorway system in the region of Bratislava will result in the construction of a substantial part of an orbital motorway surrounding the southern and eastern parts of the city. The potential effects of the motorway network-upgrade projects on the city urbanism are probably immense. This paper attempts to evaluate the possible changes in accessibility within the road network after completion of motorway upgrading project D4/R7 in the metropolitan area of Bratislava. The interaction potential of both population and jobs was applied here to assess possible impacts of road network enhancement on accessibility of places of residence and of work.
Cultural Diversity in Nursing Teams: Triggers, Team Process and Contingencies / Kulturelle Vielfalt in Pflegeteams: Triggers, Teamprozesse und Kontext
Authors: Uman Timur , Edfors Ellinor , Jakobsson Liselotte 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Introduction
The study explored cultural diversity in nursing teams and the internal and external conditions under which cultural differences represent an asset or a liability for these teams.

Methods
A qualitative design with content analysis was employed. In total, 18 interviews were conducted with nurses and assistant nurses with experience of working in culturally diverse teams in three distinct clinical settings.

Results
Three domains emerged in the study analysis: triggers, team process and contingencies. Each one encompassed a number of themes related to culturally diverse nursing team processes, triggers of team processes and context-specific contingencies, which represent the complexity of culturally diverse nursing team functioning.

Discussion/implications
The study suggests how cultural differences in nursing teams can be managed and further explored from within the team and by individuals leading those teams, taking into account the disablers and enablers of their functioning.
Synthesis and characterization of oleic acid stabilized CdTe quantum dots and their properties as luminescence quencher of a pyridine pendented rod-coil homopolymer
Authors: Kaur Manpreet , Sahu Duryodhan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We report a facile one-step non aqueous synthesis of oleic acid stabilized cadmium telluride (CdTe) quantum dots (QDs) with an average diameter of 3 nm to 4 nm by hot injection method. The synthesized oleic acid capped QDs observed by TEM were nearly spherical. The optical properties of QDs were characterized by UV-Vis absorption spectra and photoluminescence (PL) spectra. The structures of QDs and their surface passivation were further verified using transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The quenching effect of the CdTe QD was explored by addition of CdTe nanocrystals into a solution of rod-coil homopolymer (poly[10-(6-(9,9-diethyl-7-(pyridin-4- yl)-9H-fluoren-2-yl)naphthalen-2-yloxy) decyl methacrylate]) (PFNA) having pendent pyridine. The gradual addition of quantum dots to the solution of PFNA quenched the PL spectra of PFNA. This may be used to explore the coordination ability of pyridine containing homopolymer with CdTe quantum dots.
PULAU ABIDON: POTENSI ARKEOLOGI DI KAWASAN PULAU TERLUAR RAJA AMPAT [PULAU ABIDON: THE POTENCY OF ARCHAEOLOGY IN THE RAJA AMPAT OUTER ISLANDS]
Authors: Sukandar Sri Chiirullia 
Published: December 2020

Pulau Abidon merupakan suatu pulau karang berbukit-bukit yang berada di kawasan pulau-pulau terluar Raja Ampat di Papua Barat bagian utara. Tulisan ini membahas mengenai potensi arkeologi yang terdapat di situs gua-gua di Pulau Abidon. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memahami potensi arkeologi yang terdapat di Pulau Abidon. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini bersifat eksploratif. Berdasarkan data dan hasil analisis diindikasikan adanya persentuhan budaya asing yang masuk ke kawasan Papua. Potensi arkeologis tersebut dibuktikan dengan tinggalan fragmen gerabah dan lukisan dinding gua. Gambar arang di Gua Abidon 3 menggambarkan kontak budaya dengan penutur bahasa Austronesia. Lebih lanjut, hunian gua dibuktikan dengan temuan berupa alat-alat dari batu, tulang, dan kerang, fragmen gerabah, dan perhiasan kerang. Tinggalan budaya di gua-gua pulau Abidon diduga merupakan alat-alat penunjang kehidupan para penghuninya.
Pulau Abidon is a hilly coral island located in the outer islands of Raja Ampat in the northern region of Papua Barat. This research discusses the potency of archaeology in cave sites on Pulau Abidon. This research was aimed to comprehend the archaeology of Pulau Abidon. The method used in this research is exploratory. Based on the data and analysis results, it is indicated that there was a cultural contact with a foreign culture that entered the Papua region. This potency of archaeology was evident by potsherds and rock arts. The charcoal drawings in Gua Abidon 3 illustrate a cultural contact with the Austronesian-language speakers. Furthermore, the cave habitation was evident also by the discovery of tools of stone, bones and shells, and shell ornaments. The cultural heritage in the caves on Pulau Abidon is suggested to be a means of supporting the life of the inhabitants.
Processos referenciais no debate político televisivo
Authors: Santos Janyellen Martins , Silva Romildo Barros da , Santos Maria Francisca Oliveira 
Published: December 2020

Este trabalho analisa como os processos referenciais atuam no gênero debate político televisivo tanto na perspectiva argumentativa quanto na textualidade. Nesse sentido, fez-se uma abordagem da referenciação, um fenômeno do discurso que estabelece a reconstrução do real por meio da linguagem. Em relação à base teórica, contou-se com as contribuições de Cajueiro (2013), Cavalcante, Custódio Filho e Brito (2014), Costa (2009), Custódio Filho (2011), Cavalcante, Rodrigues e Ciulla (2014), Ferreira (2010), Koch (2004 e 2011), Koch e Elias (2009), Marcuschi (2003 e 2010), entre outros. O estudo traz uma perspectiva qualitativa, evidenciando a relevância e a funcionalidade dos processos referenciais observados. Nas análises, observou-se que os processos referenciais evidenciados no debate atuaram na constituição da tessitura textual, no que se refere à manutenção do gênero e das temáticas abordadas. Na argumentação, por sua vez, esses processos permitiram a reconstrução de objetos de discurso, uma vez que cada debatedor a efetuava a partir de seus pontos de vista, procurando desqualificar o oponente e enaltecer-se como o melhor candidato ao pleito.
Assessment of fatigue among aviation personnel involved in military flying in India employing Multidimensional Fatigue Symptom Inventory – Short Form (MFSI-SF)
Authors: Mohapatra SS , Sarkar R , Ghosh DD 
Published: December 2020

Introduction:
Fatigue has been recognized as a major safety hazard in modern aviation. There are numerous studies which have addressed various aspects such as the subjective symptoms, objective measures to diagnose fatigue, and its link with operator’s performance. This study was a novice attempt to assess the chronic fatigue among the aviation personnel employing “Multidimensional Fatigue Symptom Inventory – Short Form (MFSI-SF),” which is a well validated fatigue questionnaire.

Material and Methods:
A total of 93 aircrew and 30 ground crew of either sex from three military air bases were randomly selected for this cross-sectional observational study. The selected participants were requested to respond to 30 items listed in the survey form based on various types of symptoms along with severity that they experienced in the preceding 1 week.

Results:
The total fatigue score in case of the studied ground crew was higher than the studied aircrew group and this was statistically significant (P = 0.00001). The fighter, transport, and helicopter groups were not different from each other as far as their total fatigue score is concerned. However, ground crew group had significantly higher score in comparison to the score of the fighter, transport, and helicopter groups. In this study, 43.33% of ground crew participants and 11.82% of aircrew participants were observed to have fatigue. On stream-wise analysis, 2.94% of transport aircrew, 14.28% of fighter aircrew, 20.83% of helicopter aircrew, 52.17% Air Traffic Control (ATC) ground crew, and 14.28% of other ground crew who had participated in this study were fatigued.

Conclusion:
Fatigue in either form, i.e., acute or chronic, could affect both aircrew and ground crew. The present study had revealed that the proportion of ground crew suffering from chronic fatigue was more than the aircrew. The aircrew who were found to have such type of fatigue were younger in age and experience in comparison to their counterpart ground crew. Among the ground crew, a large percentage of ATC crew had this form of fatigue.
Cardiovascular dynamics among differently trained individuals during simulated microgravity exposure in the form of head-down tilt
Authors: Mandal S , Pipraiya R , Sinha B 
Published: December 2020

Introduction:
Human morphology and physiology are not designed inherently to function in microgravity. Hence, exposure to hypo or microgravity, as it occurs during space exploration, poses challenges in the form of peculiar adaptive physiological processes in healthy astronauts. These changes may vary (to a certain extent) depending on type of physical fitness (namely, aerobic or anaerobic) and may have definitive impact on short duration space mission. The study aimed to examine the cardiovascular dynamics during short duration exposure to simulated microgravity condition in differently trained individuals.

Material and Methods:
Temporal variations in body fluid distribution were studied during 6° head-down tilt (HDT) for 4-hours in 31 healthy males in age range of 20–40 years divided into three groups based on their physical training, namely; resistance trained (RT), endurance trained (ET), and untrained (UT). This was based on their history of physical training, VO2 max, and peak anaerobic power.

Results:
Heart rate in the ET group and RT group showed increasing and decreasing trend respectively, however, statistically remained non-significant. Systolic and diastolic pressures showed a significant increase in the ET group at the 4th h of HDT as compared to baseline and the 1st h. No significant variation in pulse pressure could be seen. Mean arterial pressures showed significant increase in the ET group at the 4th h of HDT as compared to baseline and the 1st h of HDT. Stroke volume and cardiac output did not vary significantly.

Conclusion:
ET individuals in the present study demonstrated decreased sensitivity of baroreceptors than RT or UT individuals, whereas, the RT group demonstrated more stability/resilience in terms of cardiovascular dynamics than ET and UT groups under exposure to short duration simulated microgravity.