bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Men's nutrition knowledge is important for women's and children's nutrition in Ethiopia
Authors: Ambikapathi Ramya , Passarelli Simone , Madzorera Isabel , Canavan Chelsey R. , Noor Ramadhani A. , Abdelmenan Semira , Tewahido Dagmawit , Tadesse Amare Worku , Sibanda Lindiwe , Sibanda Simbarashe , Munthali Bertha , Madzivhandila Tshilidzi , Berhane Yemane , Fawzi Wafaie , Gunaratna Nilupa S. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn an effort to address undernutrition among women and children in rural areas of low‐income countries, nutrition‐sensitive agriculture (NSA) and behaviour change communication (BCC) projects heavily focus on women as an entry point to effect nutritional outcomes. There is limited evidence on the role of men's contribution in improving household diets. In this Agriculture to Nutrition trial (Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT03152227), we explored associations between men's and women's nutritional knowledge on households', children's and women's dietary diversity. At the midline evaluation conducted in July 2017, FAO's nutrition knowledge questionnaire was administered to male and female partners in 1396 households. There was a high degree of agreement (88%) on knowledge about exclusive breastfeeding between parents; however, only 56–66% of the households had agreement when comparing knowledge of dietary sources of vitamin A or iron. Factor analysis of knowledge dimensions resulted in identifying two domains, namely, ‘dietary’ and ‘vitamin’ knowledge. Dietary knowledge had a larger effect on women's and children's dietary diversities than vitamin knowledge. Men's dietary knowledge had strong positive associations with households' dietary diversity scores (0.24,Pvalue = 0.001), children's dietary diversity (0.19,Pvalue = 0.008) and women's dietary diversity (0.18,Pvalue < 0.001). Distance to markets and men's education levels modified the effects of nutrition knowledge on dietary diversity. While previous NSA and BCC interventions predominantly focused on uptake among women, there is a large gap and strong potential for men’s engagement in improving household nutrition. Interventions that expand the role of men in NSA may synergistically improve household nutrition outcomes.
Acceptability of 12 fortified balanced energy protein supplements ‐ Insights from Burkina Faso
Authors: Jones Leslie , de Kok Brenda , Moore Katie , de Pee Saskia , Bedford Juliet , Vanslambrouck Katrien , Toe Laeticia Celine , Lachat Carl , De Cock Nathalie , Ouédraogo Moctar , Ganaba Rasmané , Kolsteren Patrick , Isanaka Sheila 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPoor maternal nutrition contributes to poor birth outcomes, including low birth weight and small for gestational age births. Fortified balanced energy protein (BEP) supplements may be beneficial, although evidence is limited. This mixed method study, conducted among pregnant women in Burkina Faso, is part of a larger clinical trial that seeks to understand the impact of fortified BEP supplements on pregnancy outcomes and child growth. The formative research reported here, a single‐meal rapid assessment of 12 product formulations, sought to understand product preferences for provision of BEP supplements and contextual factors that might affect product acceptability and use. Results indicate a preference for products perceived as sweet rather than salty/savoury and for products perceived as familiar, as well as a sensitivity to product odours. Women expressed a willingness and intention to use the products even if they did not like them, because of the health benefits for their babies. Data also indicate that household food sharing practices may impact supplement use, although most women denied any intention to share the products. Sharing behaviour should therefore be monitored, and strategies to avoid sharing should be developed during the succeeding parts of the research.
OsRE1 interacts with OsRIP1 to regulate rice heading date by finely modulating Ehd1 expression
Authors: Chai Juntao , Zhu Shanshan , Li Chaonan , Wang Chunming , Cai Maohong , Zheng Xiaoming , Zhou Liang , Zhang Huan , Sheng Peike , Wu Mingming , Jin Xin , Cheng Zhijun , Zhang Xin , Lei Cailin , Ren Yulong , Lin Qibing , Zhou Shirong , Guo Xiuping , Wang Jie , Zhao Zhichao , Wan Jianmin 
Published: August 2020

SummaryHeading date is a key agronomic trait affecting crop yield. In rice, Early heading date 1 (Ehd1) is an important B‐type response regulator in determination of heading date. Although many regulatory factors of Ehd1 expression have been functionally characterized, the direct regulators of Ehd1 largely remain to be identified. Here, we identified a new regulator of Ehd1, OsRE1, that directly binds to the A‐box motif in the Ehd1 promoter. Osre1 confers an early heading phenotype due to elevated expression levels of Ehd1. OsRE1 is a nucleus‐localized bZIP transcription factor with a diurnal rhythmic expression pattern. Furthermore, we identified an OsRE1‐interacting protein, OsRIP1, and demonstrated that OsRIP1 can repress the transcript expression of Ehd1 in an OsRE1‐dependent manner. Our genetic data showed that OsRE1 and OsRIP1 may function upstream of Ehd1 in regulating heading date. Together, our results suggest that OsRE1 functions cooperatively with OsRIP1 to regulate heading date through finely modulating the expression of Ehd1. In addition, OsRE1 and OsRIP1 are two minor heading date regulators, which are more desirable for fine‐tuning heading date to improve rice regional adaptability.
Influence of hair oil on scalp fungal cultures
Authors: Wichterman Christian M. , Kumar Monique G. , Bayliss Susan J. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIt has been clinically speculated that the use of oil for hair grooming may change detection of fungus on culture; however, the effect of hair oil on fungal cultures remains poorly studied. In this prospective case‐controlled study, scalp cultures were collected from twenty‐eight pediatric patients with clinically suspected tinea capitis before and after cosmetic hair oil was rubbed into the scalp. Following hair oil application, fifteen of the sixteen originally positive patients tested positive, while one patient that had tested negative prior to hair oil had a positive culture. Our study suggests that recent hair oil application has minimal effect on the sensitivity of fungal culture for tinea capitis and we can rely on our standard fungal cultures with or without hair oil.
Cutaneous venous malformations presenting in an adolescent boy: Cerebral cavernous malformation syndrome
Authors: Hadjieconomou Sofia , Hughes Jenny 
Published: August 2020

AbstractCerebral cavernous malformations (CCM) are collections of enlarged capillaries with irregular structure, located in the brain or spinal cord, that can be life‐threatening. We describe a neurologically asymptomatic 15‐year‐old boy who presented with cutaneous venous malformations (CVM) that developed in adolescence. Owing to his family history of CCM, genetic testing was obtained and confirmed a new mutation in the CCM3 (PDCD10) gene. Brain imaging showed multiple CCM. Although currently asymptomatic, he will continue to be monitored annually by neurology to assess for symptoms of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) that would warrant investigation with MRI.
Use of oxytocin to attain cervical dilation for transcervical embryo transfer in sheep
Authors: dos Santos Vanessa M. B. , Pinto Pedro Henrique N. , Balaro Mario Felipe A. , Santos Juliana D. R. , Taira Augusto R. , do Espirito Santo Caroline G. , Gonçalves Fernanda M. , da Fonseca Jeferson F. , Brandão Felipe Z. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe aim of this work was to determine whether a cervical dilation protocol (CDP) composed of only oxytocin can be used to perform transcervical (non‐surgical) embryo transfer in sheep (NSET) without affecting the viability of the corpus luteum (CL). Likewise, we evaluated whether a cervical transposing test with a Hegar dilator (CT Hegar test), performed at oestrous time, could be used to screen ewes for NSET (greater or lower chances to transpose the cervix). For that, oestrous and ovulation synchronization was performed in 25 Santa Inês ewes to induce the dioestrous condition. Animals went through the following CDP in a crossover design: E + OX, oestradiol benzoate (100 µg intravenously [IV]) and oxytocin (100 IU IV); OX, oxytocin (100 IU IV); and SAL, saline solution (IV). Using a Hegar dilator, cervical transposing attempts were performed at oestrous (D0) and dioestrous time (D8). The viability of the CL (morphology, luteal blood flow and progesterone values) was evaluated by ultrasonography (colour Doppler and B‐mode) and by serum progesterone measurement from D7 to D13. The cervical transposing rate was lower for the SAL group (64%; 16/25; p < .05) and did not differ between the E + OX (88%; 22/25, p > .05) and OX (84%; 21/25, p > .05) groups. No treatment affected the CL viability. The CT Hegar test showed a high sensitivity (85.7%–93.3%), satisfactory accuracy (72%–84%), low false‐negative rate (6.7%–14.6%), but high false‐positive rate (46%–66.7%). In conclusion, a CDP protocol composed exclusively of oxytocin can lead to good cervical transposing rates and does not affect the viability of the CL. In addition, a screening test (CT Hegar) performed at oestrus can identify ewes for which cervical transposing will likely not occur at NSET.
The relationship between maladaptive personality functioning and problematic technology use in adolescence: A cluster analysis approach
Authors: Amendola Simone , Spensieri Valentina , Biuso Giuseppe Stefano , Cerutti Rita 
Published: August 2020

In the last two decades, scientific research has explored the problematic use of internet, videogames and mobile phones. However, there is still little consistent knowledge regarding the co‐occurrence of problematic technology use and the role of maladaptive personality characteristics in adolescence. The present study aimed to investigate adolescents' styles of technology use with a cluster analysis approach focusing on personality functioning. The sample comprised 408 Italian adolescents (46.3% males) aged 11 to 18 years (M age = 13.80; SD = 2.08). Data were collected using the Internet Addiction Test, the Videogame Dependency Scale, the Test of Mobile‐Phone Dependence Brief Form and the Personality Inventory for DSM5 Brief Form. Results provided a four‐cluster solution based on the co‐occurrence of problematic technology use. The four clusters were labeled as follows: cluster 1: “Above average internet and mobile‐phone use”; cluster 2: “Below average technology use”; cluster 3: “Above average videogame use”; and cluster 4: “Problematic technology use.” Analyses on demographic variables (e.g., gender and age) demonstrated significant differences between the four groups. Adolescents with high levels of problematic technology use reported greater overall personality dysfunction than the other three groups. This finding supported our hypothesis on maladaptive personality functioning in adolescents at risk for addiction. Finally, the Antagonism domain played a specific role in differentiating the severity of adolescents' involvement in technology use. Further studies are needed to confirm our findings and to plan preventive interventions as well as therapeutic treatments.
Functions of prepositions in Pular: e and ka1
Authors: Kosogorova Maria A. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe article presents an overview of the functions of two prepositions in the Pular language of Guinea (Fula < Atlantic family < Niger‐Congo). These two prepositions, e and ka, stand out from other prepositions as they are the only two that have been neither grammaticalized nor derived. These two prepositions share some functions between them, such as forming a complex prepositional phrase with other prepositions and, to some extent, locative functions. The preposition e can only be used in a limited number of locative contexts (mainly describing interior as opposed to adjacency), and its true domain is numerous functions related to shared argument roles. These functions include sociative, comitative, and reciprocal. Also e can perform a coordinative conjunction function, whereas ka cannot. The latter also has a special, but rare, function, which is introducing addresative argument.
#MDsToo: A student mistreatment prevention curriculum for faculty members and residents
Authors: Le‐Bucklin Khanh‐Van , Youm Julie , Wiechmann Warren , McRae Deena , Boysen‐Osborn Megan , Vega Charles , Park Sharon 
Published: August 2020

SummaryBackgroundMedical student mistreatment has detrimental effects on student well‐being and poses a patient safety risk, yet 40% of medical school graduates report being mistreated during their training. Unfortunately, this statistic has not changed significantly since 2013. The ‘hidden curriculum’ contributes to the pervasiveness of mistreatment in medical schools in the USA. The #MDsToo curriculum was developed to mitigate the effects of the hidden curriculum by sensitising faculty members and residents to mistreatment.MethodsDuring the curriculum, participants are introduced to the KIND (knowledge‐sharing, inclusive, non‐discriminatory, developmentally appropriate) framework for modelling positive teacher–learner interactions and detecting mistreatment. Using KIND, faculty members and residents identify and categorise mistreatment in eight video cases depicting mistreatment, and reflect on their own experiences with mistreatment.ResultsTwo hundred and forty‐eight participants responded to a course survey. Most had experienced mistreatment. After the training, almost half stated that there were situations in the past that they did not recognize as mistreatment that they would now classify as mistreatment, and most stated that they were likely to report mistreatment now.ConclusionThe #MDsToo curriculum may provide an effective design for mistreatment prevention training. Next steps include multi‐institutional implementation and longitudinal outcome studies.
Diagnostic accuracy of the PLASMIC score in patients with suspected thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Paydary Koosha , Banwell Emma , Tong Jiayi , Chen Yong , Cuker Adam 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe PLASMIC score was developed to identify patients with thrombotic microangiopathy who are most likely to have immune thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) and benefit from therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE). PLASMIC scores of 0‐4, 5, and 6‐7 are said to correspond to low, intermediate, and high probability of TTP, respectively.Study Design and MethodsWe conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis on the diagnostic accuracy of the PLASMIC score in adults with suspected TTP. We evaluated the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value (NPV) of PLASMIC score thresholds of ≥5 and ≥6. Study quality was appraised using the QUADAS‐2 tool.ResultsWe identified 13 eligible studies, which collectively enrolled 970 patients. The median prevalence of TTP among eligible studies was 35%. The sensitivity and specificity of a PLASMIC score ≥5 was 0.99 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.91‐1.00) and 0.57 (95% CI, 0.41‐0.72), respectively. At a prevalence of 35%, the NPV of a PLASMIC score ≥5 was 0.99 (95% CI, 0.92‐1.00). A PLASMIC score ≥6 was associated with a sensitivity and specificity of 0.85 (95% CI, 0.67‐0.94) and 0.89 (95% CI, 0.81‐0.94), respectively. The NPV of a PLASMIC score ≥6 at a prevalence of 35% was 0.92 (95% CI, 0.82‐0.97).ConclusionA PLASMIC score threshold of ≥5 is associated with high sensitivity and NPV and may be a useful screening tool for identifying patients who are unlikely to have TTP and do not require TPE, though prospective assessment is required. A PLASMIC score <6 appears to have insufficient sensitivity to rule out TTP and the need for TPE.
Blood group‐related antigen Ley on human platelets and its involvement in platelet aggregation via a possible interaction with CD61
Authors: Zhu Huijun , Ma Qinqin , Li Ruishu , Fu Min , Lu Ping 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe Ley antigen is a carbohydrate chain belonging to the ABH‐Lewis blood group family. Ley has been reported to be present on red blood cells (RBCs) and granulocytes, but its distribution and function in platelets remain unknown. There are a variety of glycoproteins on platelets, which may carry the Ley antigen. This study aims to investigate the expression pattern and the function of Ley in human platelets.Study design and methodsFlow cytometry, Western blot, and immunofluorescence assays were performed to determine Ley expression on human platelets. ADP (1.25‐10 μM) and thrombin (0.05‐1 IU/mL) were used to activate platelets in the presence or absence of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) and the Ley expression was evaluated again by flow cytometry. Blockade was performed with an anti‐Ley monoclonal antibody to verify the role of this epitope in platelet function. Finally, coimmunoprecipitation was performed to identify glycoproteins associated with Ley.ResultsLey was expressed on human platelets independent of ABO blood type. Ley expression was decreased in a dose‐dependent manner after activation with either ADP or thrombin, and this effect could be partially reversed by PGE1. Anti‐ Ley mAb treatment increased alpha‐granule release and neutralized the inhibitory effect of the anti‐CD61 antibody on platelet aggregation. In addition, Ley was proven to interact and colocalize with CD61.ConclusionsThese results demonstrate nondifferential expression of Ley in platelets of different ABO blood types and suggest the involvement of Ley in platelet function, possibly via interaction with CD61.
Short‐Term exposure of umbilical cord blood CD34+ cells to human platelet lysate and cytokines enhances engraftment
Authors: Rhéaume Marie‐Ève , Rouleau Pascal , Tremblay Tony , Paré Isabelle , Loubaki Lionel 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundIntra bone marrow (IBM) injection has been proposed as a strategy to bypass homing inefficiencies associated with intravenous (IV) hematopoietic progenitor stem cell (HSPC) transplantation and thus increases the number of HSPC that engraft. Despite physical delivery into the bone marrow cavity, many donor cells are rapidly redistributed by vascular perfusion. Thus, the objective of our study was to evaluate the ability of human platelet lysates (hPL) to improve HSPC retention into the bone marrow and consequently to improve engraftment.Study Design and MethodsHSPC were isolated from human umbilical cord blood. HSPC were seeded in the wells of a 24‐well microplate and exposed to increasing concentrations of hPL with or without cytokines for 24 hours. Following priming, HSPC cells chemotaxis to rhSDF‐1 was determined in vitro and engraftment in NSG mice was evaluated.ResultsPriming of cord blood CD34+ cells to a combination of hPL and cytokines resulted in a significant increase (up to 3‐fold) in the expression of the CD34 antigen on HSPC. This effect was closely correlated to a significantly increased (up to 7‐fold) migration toward a rhSDF‐1 concentration gradient. In addition, IBM injection of CD34+ cells previously primed with hPL+cytokines into NSG mice showed significantly increased engraftment as measured by human platelet numbers, human CD45 and human CD34+ cells for unprimed and primed cells, respectively.ConclusionThe use of hPL + cytokines as a short‐term priming treatment for UCB could be an advantageous strategy to improve clinical outcomes following IBM injection.
Pathogenic and likely pathogenic variants in at least five genes account for approximately 3% of mild isolated nonsyndromic thrombocytopenia
Authors: Guéguen Paul , Dupuis Arnaud , Py Jean‐Yves , Desprès Aurore , Masson Emmanuelle , Le Marechal Cédric , Cooper David N. , Gachet Christian , Chen Jian‐Min , Férec Claude 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundThrombocytopenia has a variety of different etiologies, both acquired and hereditary. Inherited thrombocytopenia may be associated with other symptoms (syndromic forms) or may be strictly isolated. To date, only about half of all the familial forms of thrombocytopenia have been accounted for in terms of well‐defined genetic abnormalities. However, data are limited on the nature and frequency of the underlying causative genetic variants in individuals with mild isolated nonsyndromic thrombocytopenia.Study Design and MethodsThirteen known or candidate genes for isolated thrombocytopenia were included in a gene panel analysis in which targeted next‐generation sequencing was performed on 448 French blood donors with mild isolated nonsyndromic thrombocytopenia.ResultsA total of 68 rare variants, including missense, splice site, frameshift, nonsense, and in‐frame variants (all heterozygous) were identified in 11 of the 13 genes screened. Twenty‐nine percent (N = 20) of the variants detected were absent from both the French Exome Project and gnomAD exome databases. Using stringent criteria and an unbiased approach, we classified seven predicted loss‐of‐function variants (three in ITGA2B and four in TUBB1) and four missense variants (one in GP1BA, two in ITGB3 and one in ACTN1) as being pathogenic or likely pathogenic. Altogether, they were found in 13 members (approx. 3%) of our studied cohort.ConclusionWe present the results of gene panel sequencing of known and candidate thrombocytopenia genes in mild isolated nonsyndromic thrombocytopenia. Pathogenic and likely pathogenic variants in five known thrombocytopenia genes were identified, accounting for approximately 3% of individuals with the condition.
Are African exports that weak? A trade in value added approach
Authors: Njike Arnold 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAfrican countries are known to export less than any other group of countries in the world. Many studies have advanced that the main reason for this is the high level of transport costs due to the poor quality of transport infrastructures on the African continent. We first show that, depending on the estimator used, African countries as an aggregate do not necessarily trade a lower volume of gross exports than other countries on average, even though they clearly underperform in exports of final goods. This underperformance, reflected by the greater impact of bilateral trade costs such as distance on African exports of final goods compared to other countries, is not observed for African intermediate goods flows. Second, we formulate a model for trade in value added by adapting the standard gravity equation to take into account the structure of value added exports. The proposed model points up the importance of the indirect trade costs of third countries via which a country of origin's value added transits before reaching its final destination. When we control for these indirect trade costs in the value added trade estimation, the additional impact of the bilateral trade costs observed for African countries’ final goods exports is six times lower.