bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
circ_0007385 served as competing endogenous RNA for miR‐519d‐3p to suppress malignant behaviors and cisplatin resistance of non‐small cell lung cancer cells
Authors: Ye Yancheng , Zhao Liangcun , Li Qingke , Xi Caixia , Li Yinghong , Li Zhengguo 
Published: June 2020

BackgroundCircular RNAs (circRNAs) have been closely implicated in competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network among human cancers including non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the role of most circRNAs in NSCLC remains to be determined. Here, we aimed to investigate the role of hsa_circ_0007385 (circ_0007385) in NSCLC cells.MethodsExpression of hsa_circ_0007385 (circ_0007385), miRNA (miR)‐519d‐5p and high‐mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) was measured by real‐time quantitative PCR and western blotting. Functional experiments were evaluated by cell counting kit (CCK)‐8, flow cytometry, fluorescein active caspase‐3 staining kit, transwell assays, western blotting, and xenograft experiment. The relationship among circ_0007385,miR‐519d‐5p and HMGB1 was testified by dual‐luciferase reporter assay. Kaplan‐Meiersurvival curve identified overall survival in NSCLC patients.Resultscirc_0007385 expression was higher in NSCLC tissues and cell lines, and was associated with poor overall survival. Silencing circ_0007385 could suppress cell proliferation, migration and invasion in A549 and H1975 cells, as well as cisplatin (DDP) resistance. Moreover, circ_0007385 silence retarded tumor growth of A549 cells in vivo. Molecularly, there was a direct interaction between miR‐519d‐3p and either circ_0007385 or HMGB1; expression of miR‐519d‐3p was downregulated in NSCLC tumors in a circ_0007385‐correlated manner, and circ_0007385 could indirectly regulate HMGB1 via miR‐519d‐3p. Functionally, both inhibiting miR‐519d‐3p and restoring HMGB1 could overturn the suppressive effect of circ_0007385 knockdown on cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and DDP resistance.ConclusionsCollectively, circ_0007385 deletion could function anti‐tumor role in NSCLC by suppressing malignant behaviors and DDP resistance in vitro and in vivo via circ_0007385/miR‐519d‐3p/HMGB1 axis. These outcomes might enhance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the malignant progression of NSCLC.Key pointsSignificant findings of the study
circ_0007385 was upregulated in NSCLC tissues and cells, and was associated with poor overall survival.
Silenced circ_0007385 suppressed NSCLC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and DDP resistance in vitro, and tumor growth in vivo.
circ_0007385 was upregulated in NSCLC tissues and cells, and was associated with poor overall survival.
What this study adds
miR‐519d‐3p could directly interact with circ_0007385 and HMGB1 in NSCLC cells.
A promising circ_0007385/miR‐519d‐3p/HMGB1 regulatory pathway was determined in NSCLC cells.
Strategies for ‘bloodless’ surgery: the experience of cytoreductive surgery for peritoneal carcinomatosis in Jehovah's Witnesses
Authors: Tse Andrew , Chow Oliver , Matar Amer , Alzahrani Nayef , Morris David 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundCytoreductive surgery (CRS) for the management of peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) can involve significant blood loss which necessitates the transfusion of blood products. This poses a particular challenge in the Jehovah's Witnesses population whose beliefs do not permit the transfusion of blood products or blood‐related derivatives. This report describes the experience of one institution performing CRS with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) for PC in Jehovah's Witnesses and perioperative management strategies employed to avoid blood transfusion.MethodsA review of literature and prospectively collated data of Jehovah's Witnesses patients who underwent extensive CRS for PC and HIPEC for PC.ResultsFour patients had CRS and HIPEC for PC. The median PC index score was 11 and complete cytoreduction was achieved in all cases. Primary tumours were ovarian (n = 1), colorectal (n = 2) and neuroendocrine tumour of gastrointestinal origin (n = 1). The median difference between preoperative and postoperative haemoglobin was 38 g/L (23–43 g/L). Strategies included acute normovolumaeic haemodilution and autotransfusion within a closed circuit, autotransfusion from cell salvage and provisions for possible use of a haemoglobin based oxygen carrier. Ancillary measures identified and implemented to minimize transfusion dependence included, but were not limited to, preoperative iron infusion, perioperative acute haemodilution and cell salvage, administration of tranexamic acid, prothrombinex and use of paediatric tubes for venepuncture.ConclusionThe review suggests CRS and HIPEC for extensive PC can be done safely in circumstances where transfusion of allogenic blood products is not permitted.
Round or rectangular tables for collaborative problem solving? A multimodal learning analytics study
Authors: Vujovic Milica , Hernández‐Leo Davinia , Tassani Simone , Spikol Daniel 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe current knowledge of the effects of the physical environment on learners’ behaviour in collaborative problem‐solving tasks is underexplored. This paper aims to critically examine the potential of multimodal learning analytics, using new data sets, in studying how the shapes of shared tables affect the learners’ behaviour when collaborating in terms of patterns of participation and indicators related to physical social interactions. The research presented in this paper investigates this question considering the potential interplay with contextual aspects (level of education) and learning design decisions (group size). Three dependent variables (distance between students, range of movement and level of participation) are tested using quantitative and qualitative analyses of data collected using a motion capture system and video recordings. Results show that the use of round tables (vs rectangular tables) leads to higher levels of on‐task participation in the case of elementary school students. For university students, different table shapes seem to have a limited impact on their levels of participation in collaborative problem solving. The analysis shows significant differences regarding the relationship between group size and the distance between students, but there is no substantial evidence that group size affects the level of participation. The findings support previous research highlighting the importance of studying the role of the physical environment as an element of learning design and the potential of multimodal learning analytics in approaching these studies.
To punish or to assist? Divergent reactions to ingroup and outgroup members disobeying social distancing
Authors: Van Assche Jasper , Politi Emanuele , Van Dessel Pieter , Phalet Karen 
Published: June 2020

In response to the COVID‐19 pandemic, societies face the formidable challenge of developing sustainable forms of sociability‐cumsocial‐distancing – enduring social life while containing the virus and preventing new outbreaks. Accordant public policies often balance between retributive (punishment‐based) and assistance (solidarity‐based) measures to foster responsible behaviour. Yet, the uncontrolled spreading of the disease has divided public opinion about which measures are best suited, and it has made salient group disparities in behaviour, potentially straining intergroup relations, elevating heated emotions, and undercutting coordinated international responses. In a 2 × 2 between‐subjects experiment, British citizens (N = 377) read about national in‐group or outgroup members (categorical differentiation), who were either conforming to or deviating from the corona regulations (normative differentiation). Participants then reported moral emotions towards the target national group and indicated support for public policies. In general, support for assistance policies outweighed support for retributive measures. Second, however, norm deviation was associated with less positive and more negative moral emotions, the latter category further relating to more punitiveness and less assistance support. Finally, respondents who read about norm‐violating outgroup members especially reported support for retributive measures, indicating that people might use norm deviation to justify outgroup derogation. We discuss implications for policymakers and formulate future research avenues.
Translocation with targeted vaccination is the most effective strategy to protect an island endemic bird threatened by West Nile virus
Authors: Bakker Victoria J. , Sillett T. Scott , Boyce Walter M. , Doak Daniel F. , Vickers T. Winston , Reisen William K. , Cohen Brian S. , Hallworth Michael T. , Morrison Scott A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAimInvasive pathogens are a growing conservation challenge and often occur in tandem with rapid environmental transformation, such as climate change, drought and habitat loss. Climate change appears to have facilitated the spread of West Nile virus (WNV), a cause of widespread avian mortality. WNV is considered the primary threat to island scrub‐jays (Aphelocoma insularis), endemic to Santa Cruz Island, California. Two approaches have been proposed to safeguard island scrub‐jays: (a) vaccination and (b) conservation translocation to re‐establish a second population on neighbouring Santa Rosa Island, hypothesized to have a lower risk of WNV. These alternatives operate at regional scales but exemplify global concerns with strategic implications for conservation biogeography and climate adaptation.LocationCalifornia Channel Islands, USA.MethodsWe compared the efficacy of vaccination and translocation strategies at minimizing 25‐year quasi‐extinction risk for island scrub‐jays using a stochastic population model.ResultsUnder current WNV‐free conditions, the predicted quasi‐extinction risk for island scrub‐jays was low (~0%) but increased to ≥22% with simulated WNV outbreaks. Vaccinating ≥60 individuals reduced risk to <5%, but risk doubled if population size declined and further increased with more frequent droughts. Translocation performed best if Santa Rosa Island had a large starting population size and habitat extent, and, more importantly, a low risk of WNV establishment; if Santa Rosa Island was inhospitable to WNV, quasi‐extinction risk dropped to near zero.Main conclusionsTranslocation with targeted vaccination during high‐risk conditions was the most effective strategy to protect island scrub‐jays from West Nile virus. Although vaccination often outperformed translocation, only scenarios that included a Santa Rosa population and vaccinations achieved acceptably low species‐wide extinction risk across all potential future conditions. Our analysis informs strategies to improve the long‐term viability of the most range‐restricted bird species in the continental United States and provides a model for assessing conservation‐translocation proposals for other species and threats.
Beyond antitrust populism: Towards robust antitrust
Authors: Portuese Aurelien 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe populist use of competition policies is on the rise again, associated with the growth of big‐tech companies in the era of digital platforms. This article sees antitrust populism as a re‐emerging force in the United States and Europe via greater politicisation of competition law enforcement. It addresses the basic tenets of antitrust populism in order to expose the fundamental problems that populist use of competition law entails. I argue for a rethink of antitrust policy on the intellectual foundations laid down by what Mark Pennington describes as ‘robust political economy’. We need greater regulatory humility and antitrust enforcement which takes both innovation and welfare seriously.
Karl Mittermaier and the hands of classical liberalism
Authors: Klein Daniel B 
Published: June 2020

AbstractKarl Mittermaier (1938–2016) completed a work in 1987 titledThe Hand Behind the Invisible Hand: Dogmatic and Pragmatic Views on Free Markets and the State of Economic Theory, published for the first time in 2020. Here I treat Mittermaier's rich meditation, which I interpret as a pursuit of greater coherence in classical liberal thought. Mittermaier emphasises the moral, cultural, and institutional preconditions of a liberal market order, and argues that some of the preconditions depend on people feeling that they have reason to embrace such classical liberal principles. The preconditions, then, depend in part on the perception of coherence and appeal of the liberal order.
Upward classism: Prejudice and stereotyping against the wealthy
Authors: Zitelmann Rainer 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWhile there are many studies of prejudice towards disadvantaged minorities, there has been little research into stereotypes of rich people. The author commissioned the first international comparative study to investigate popular attitudes towards rich people. He analyses findings from the United States, Great Britain, Germany, and France, and calculates a ‘Social Envy Coefficient’ for these four countries. Envy appears most pronounced in France, followed by Germany. By contrast, envy is significantly lower in the United States and Great Britain, although there are interesting variations by age. In addition, the study subjects a sample of popular international feature films and articles in German newspapers to detailed media content analysis. This analysis finds that rich individuals are predominantly portrayed as cold‐hearted, profit‐hungry and morally suspect.
Implications of NAD+ boosters in translational medicine
Authors: Kang Baeki E. , Choi Jun‐Yong , Stein Sokrates , Ryu Dongryeol 
Published: June 2020

AbstractNicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is an essential metabolite in energy metabolism as well as a co‐substrate in biochemical reactions such as protein deacylation, protein ADP‐ribosylation and cyclic ADP‐ribose synthesis mediated by sirtuins, poly (ADP‐ribose) polymerases (PARPs) and CD38. In eukaryotic cells, NAD+ is synthesized through three distinct pathways, which offer different strategies to modulate the bioavailability of NAD+. The therapeutic potential of dietarily available NAD+ boosters preserving the NAD+ pool has been attracting attention after the discovery of declining NAD+ levels in ageing model organisms as well as in several age‐related diseases, including cardiometabolic and neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we review the recent advances in the biology of NAD+, including the salubrious effects of NAD+ boosters and discuss their future translational strategies.
The impact of foetal restrictions on mode of delivery in women with inherited bleeding disorders
Authors: Lavin Michelle , Horan Maebh , Durand O'Connor Anna , Doherty Dearbhla , Manning Catherine , Lynch Caoimhe , Regan Carmen , Ryan Kevin , Byrne Bridgette 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectivesManagement of pregnancy in women with congenital bleeding disorders (CBD) is challenging and requires understanding of risks conferred to both the mother and the foetus. Some elements of labour management are considered to increase the risk of neonatal bleeding and are not recommended for neonates at risk of a significant bleeding disorder. The impact of these restrictions on obstetric outcomes in women with CBD is unknown.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed obstetric outcomes in a large cohort of women with CBD attending a specialised obstetric/haematology antenatal clinic over a 6‐year period.ResultsNinety‐four pregnancies in 76 women with a wide variety of CBDs were assessed. Foetal precautions were recommended in the majority of cases (88%). Twenty (21.2%) were delivered by elective Caesarean section (CS), predominantly for obstetric indications. Of the 63 women who laboured with foetal precautions in place, 6 (10%) had a CS that was performed because of these precautions. There was no neonatal bleeding but primary postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) occurred in 12.2% of women.ConclusionsThese data show that foetal precautions in labour recommended for women with CBDs will influence mode of delivery in approximately 10% of cases. This is important information for counselling these women about labour and delivery.
Combining local and global evolutionary trajectories of brain–behaviour relationships through game theory
Authors: Di Plinio Simone , Ebisch Sjoerd J. H. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe study of the evolution of brain–behaviour relationships concerns understanding the causes and repercussions of cross‐ and within‐species variability. Understanding such variability is a main objective of evolutionary and cognitive neuroscience, and it may help explaining the appearance of psychopathological phenotypes. Although brain evolution is related to the progressive action of selection and adaptation through multiple paths (e.g. mosaic vs. concerted evolution, metabolic vs. structural and functional constraints), a coherent, integrative framework is needed to combine evolutionary paths and neuroscientific evidence. Here, we review the literature on evolutionary pressures focusing on structural–functional changes and developmental constraints. Taking advantage of recent progress in neuroimaging and cognitive neuroscience, we propose a twofold hypothetical model of brain evolution. Within this model, global and local trajectories imply rearrangements of neural subunits and subsystems and of behavioural repertoires of a species, respectively. We incorporate these two processes in a game in which the global trajectory shapes the structural–functional neural substrates (i.e. players), while the local trajectory shapes the behavioural repertoires (i.e. stochastic payoffs).
Modulation of H‐reflex responses and frequency‐dependent depression by repetitive spinal electromagnetic stimulation: From rats to humans and back to chronic spinal cord injured rats
Authors: Petrosyan Hayk , Liang Li , Tesfa Asrat , Sisto Sue A. , Fahmy Magda , Arvanian Victor L. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe lack of propagation of signals through survived fibers is among the major reasons for functional loss after incomplete spinal cord injury (SCI). Our recent results of animal studies demonstrate that spinal electromagnetic stimulation (SEMS) can enhance transmission in damaged spinal cord, and this type of modulation depends on the function of NMDA receptors at the neuronal networks below the injury level. Here, our pilot human study revealed that administration of repetitive SEMS induced long‐lasting modulation of H‐responses in both healthy and participants with chronic SCI. In order to understand the mechanisms underlying these effects, we have used an animal model and examined effects of SEMS on H‐responses. Effects of SEMS on H‐responses, frequency‐dependent depression (FDD) of H‐reflex, and possible underlying mechanisms have been examined in both naïve and rats with SCI. Our results demonstrate that consistent with the effects of SEMS on H‐reflex seen in humans, repetitive SEMS induced similar modulation in excitability of peripheral nerve responses in both non‐injured and rats with SCI. Importantly, our results confirmed the reduced FDD of H‐reflex in SCI animals and revealed that SEMS was able to recover FDD in rats with chronic SCI. Using intraspinal injections of the NMDA receptor blocker MK‐801, we have identified NMDA receptors as an important contributor to these SEMS‐induced effects in rats with SCI. These results identify SEMS as a novel non‐invasive technique for modulation of neuro‐muscular circuits and, importantly, modulation of spinal networks after chronic SCI.
Construction of CoS/CeO2 heterostructure nanocages with enhanced photocatalytic performance under visible light
Authors: Yu Bo , Meng Fanming , Zhou Ting , Fan Aoyu , Zhao Ziyi , Wasim Khan Muhammad 
Published: June 2020

AbstractExploring non‐noble metal photocatalysts with high activity and stability is always fascinating. Herein, the hollow CoS nanocages deriven from ZIF‐67 have been reported for the first time to combine with CeO2 NPs grown in situ for photocatalytic degradation of stubborn pollutants. The unique CoS nanocages not only provide rich active sites but also enhance light capture. CeO2 NPs loaded on the surface accelerate the separation of photocharges and extend the lifetime of photogenerated carriers. The optimized photocatalysts show outstanding activity and stability for the photodegradation of tetracycline and phenol under visible light, and the corresponding photodegradation efficiency is 96.5% and 90.5% at 60 minutes. The novel multi‐stage nanocage structure simultaneously realizes extended light absorption and improved photocharges transfer efficiency. This work provides an exclusive perspective to design high‐efficiency photocatalysts with hollow structures for environmental restoration.
Hierarchically porous lanthanum zirconate foams with low thermal conductivity from particle‐stabilized foams
Authors: Meng Xuanyu , Xu Jie , Zhu Jiatong , Li Zhuolun , Zhao Jia , Reece Michael J. , Gao Feng 
Published: June 2020

AbstractLanthanum zirconate (LZO) ceramic foams with hierarchical pore structure were fabricated by particle‐stabilized foaming method for the first time, and the as‐prepared ceramics have high porosity of 90.7%‐94.9%, low thermal conductivity, and relatively high compressive strength. The LZO powder was synthesized by solid‐state method. The porosity of the ceramic foams was tailored by suspensions with different solid loadings (20‐40 wt%). The sample with porosity of 94.9% has thermal conductivity of 0.073 W/(m·K) and compressive strength of 1.19 MPa, which exhibits outstanding property of thermal insulation and mechanical performance, indicating that LZO ceramic foam is a promising thermal insulation material in high temperature applications.
The ACE2 expression in Sertoli cells and germ cells may cause male reproductive disorder after SARS‐CoV‐2 infection
Authors: Shen Qiaoyan , Xiao Xia , Aierken Aili , Yue Wei , Wu Xiaojie , Liao Mingzhi , Hua Jinlian 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe serious coronavirus disease‐2019 (COVID‐19) was first reported in December 2019 in Wuhan, China. COVID‐19 is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome‐coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2). Angiotensin converting enzyme 2(ACE2) is the cellular receptor for SARS‐CoV‐2. Considering the critical roles of testicular cells for the transmission of genetic information between generations, we analyzed single‐cell RNA‐sequencing (scRNA‐seq) data of adult human testis. The mRNA expression of ACE2 was expressed in both germ cells and somatic cells. Moreover, the positive rate of ACE2 in testes of infertile men was higher than normal, which indicates that SARS‐CoV‐2 may cause reproductive disorders through pathway activated by ACE2 and the men with reproductive disorder may easily to be infected by SARS‐CoV‐2. The expression level of ACE2 was related to the age, and the mid‐aged with higher positive rate than young men testicular cells. Taken together, this research provides a biological background of the potential route for infection of SARS‐CoV‐2 and may enable rapid deciphering male‐related reproductive disorders induced by COVID‐19.