bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anxiety Symptoms Questionnaire (ASQ): development and validation
Authors: Baker Amanda , Simon Naomi , Keshaviah Aparna , Farabaugh Amy , Deckersbach Thilo , Worthington John J , Hoge Elizabeth , Fava Maurizio , Pollack Mark P 
Published: December 2019

BackgroundThe Anxiety Symptoms Questionnaire (ASQ) is a brief self-report questionnaire which measures frequency and intensity of symptoms and was developed to improve assessment of anxiety symptoms in a clinical setting. We examined the reliability and validity of the ASQ in patients with anxiety disorders and/or depression, non-clinical control subjects and college students.Methods240 outpatients with generalised anxiety disorder, social anxiety disorder, panic disorder or major depressive disorder were administered the ASQ and additional questionnaires measuring depression and anxiety, as were 111 non-clinical control subjects and 487 college students. Factor analysis, Pearson’s correlation coefficients and logistic regression were used to assess reliability and validity. Test–retest reliability of the ASQ was measured using a subset who were re-administered the ASQ after 4 weeks.ResultsFactor analysis revealed measurement of a single dimension by the ASQ. Internal consistency and test–retest reliability were strong. The ASQ total score also significantly distinguished patients with an anxiety disorder from the clinical controls above and beyond the clinician-rated Hamilton Anxiety Scale.ConclusionsThe ASQ is a valid, reliable and effective self-rated measure of anxiety and may be a useful tool for screening and assessing anxiety symptoms in psychiatric as well as college settings.
The investigation of histopathology and locations of excised eyelid masses in dogs
Authors: Wang Shang‐Lin , Dawson Charlotte , Wei Li‐Ning , Lin Chung‐Tien 
Published: December 2019

BackgroundEyelid masses are the most common ocular diseases in dogs. However, there are no studies specifically investigating the location of eyelid masses.Methods118 dogs with 119 eyelid masses were included. Medical records and pathology reports were retrospectively reviewed at National Taiwan University veterinary hospital and Vision Eyecare Centre for Animals between 2012 and 2017.ResultsMean age of dogs was 9.4±2.5 years. Female spayed dogs had significantly higher prevalence of eyelid mass than female intact dogs (p<0.01). Prevalence of upper eyelid mass was significantly higher than lower eyelid mass (p<0.01). The upper lateral eyelid was the significantly more common location compared with the upper medial eyelid. Mean mass volume was 258.2±661.0 mm3. The most common eyelid mass type was meibomian epithelioma (34.5%), followed by meibomian adenoma (29.4%) and meibomian hyperplasia (18.5%). Non‐tumours comprised 25.2%, benign tumours comprised 67.2% and malignant tumours comprised 7.6% of all eyelid masses. Malignant tumours were significantly larger than benign lesions (p<0.01). All dogs underwent surgical excision without any complications.ConclusionThe majority of eyelid masses were benign. Surgical intervention can prevent further ocular irritation and provide good prognosis.
Second-order QCD corrections to event shape distributions in deep inelastic scattering
Authors: Gehrmann T. , Huss A. , Mo J. , Niehues J. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWe compute the next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) QCD corrections to event shape distributions and their mean values in deep inelastic lepton–nucleon scattering. The magnitude and shape of the corrections varies considerably between different variables. The corrections reduce the renormalization and factorization scale uncertainty of the predictions. Using a dispersive model to describe non-perturbative power corrections, we compare the NNLO QCD predictions with data from the H1 and ZEUS experiments. The newly derived corrections improve the theory description of the distributions and of their mean values.
Effect of Intradialytic Exercise on Physical Performance and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Patients Receiving Maintenance Hemodialysis: A Pilot and Feasibility Study
Authors: Cheng Yan-Jiao , Zhao Xin-Ju , Zeng Wen , Xu Ming-Cheng , Ma Ying-Chun , Wang Mei 
Published: December 2019

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Although intradialytic exercise is considered a form of “nonpharmacological medicine” for patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis (MHD), this practice has not been widely implemented in most dialysis centers because of clinical limitations. We, therefore, aimed to design an intradialytic exercise training program to improve the implementation of this practice and determine its impact on physical performance and cardiovascular risk factors in patients receiving MHD. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A total of 132 MHD patients at 4 outpatient dialysis units were enrolled and assigned randomly into exercise (<i>n</i> = 67) and control groups (<i>n</i> = 65). During a 2-year period, patients in the exercise group participated in 20-min exercise training sessions within dialysis sessions on 3 days per week. All patients underwent assessments of physical function (6-min walk test) and cardiovascular risk factors (blood pressure [BP], total cholesterol [TC], low-density lipoprotein [LDL], high-sensitivity C-reactive protein [hsCRP], albumin [Alb], hemoglobin [Hb], and erythropoietin [EPO] dose) at the baseline and annually thereafter. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Of the participants, 50.8% had completed the study after 2 years. No statistically significant intragroup or intergroup differences were observed in the measures of 6MD, BP, TC, hsCRP, Alb, Hb, and EPO dose. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The results suggest that although this low-intensity, nonprogressive intradialytic exercise program may be practical, it was not sufficient to improve physiological function and reduce cardiovascular disease risk factors in patients receiving MHD.
A judicialização do direito à saúde em uma perspectiva comparada: Brasil e Colômbia
Authors: Nakamura Fernanda de Castro , Caobianco Nathália Melazi 
Published: December 2019

O presente artigo tem como objetivo estudar, em perspectiva comparada, a judicialização da saúde no Brasil e na Colômbia. A análise comparativa justifica-se pela proximidade histórica, política e social existente entre os dois países, principalmente no que se refere à colonização e aos marcos de subdesenvolvimento, bem como pela existência de dados específicos consolidados nesses países. Dessa forma, por meio de uma revisão da literatura sobre o tema e da análise de dados nas bases governamentais de ambos os países, pontuaram-se as principais diferenças no tratamento dado à saúde e os efeitos que o controle judicial das políticas públicas tem sobre a organização política e administrativa dessas sociedades. Como conclusão, verificou-se que tanto Brasil como Colômbia padecem de uma gestão de saúde que permita incluir esse direito fundamental no projeto de desenvolvimento socioeconômico das agendas governamentais.
20 anos da Revista de Direito Sanitário: momento de renovação
Authors: Dallari Sueli Gandolfi , Aith Fernando 
Published: December 2019

Ao longo dos anos, a Revista de Direito Sanitário registrou em suas páginas os diversos fenômenos relacionados com a efetivação do direito à saúde no Brasil e no mundo, constituindo-se uma publicação científica de alto impacto no debate sobre temas estratégicos para o desenvolvimento do sistema de saúde brasileiro e para a plena efetivação do direito à saúde no Brasil.
International Law, Domestic Violence, and the Intersection with Nonhuman Animal Abuse
Authors: Swemmer Sheena 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This article acknowledges the void in international law around the general protection of all nonhuman animals and suggests that the framework currently set out in inter- national law requires development. It will be argued that the idea of protecting certain vulnerable animals within international law be adopted and the definition of “vulnerability” be viewed in a less anthropocentric way to include groups of animals who experience vulnerability in different ways, such as companion animals who are victims of violence in the home. It will be suggested that due to the nature of domestic violence and its effects on numerous victims (women, children, and companion animals), inter- national domestic violence law must be developed to include all possible victims of domestic violence in the home who include both children and companion animals.
Internet Trolling in ‘Networked’ Authoritarianism
Authors: Yildiz Erkan , Smets Kevin 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Social media are usually associated with democratic political changes in authoritarian countries. However, authoritarian regimes have also learned to control the use of social media platforms. Among the ways of controlling social media, Internet trolling has emerged as an important part of social media networks and strategies. After the Gezi protests in 2013, Turkey has employed trolls to spread official views and counter government critics on social media, and pro-government users have become much more active. The government’s Twitter network has been built, primarily, on so-called ‘Ak trolls’. These have gained more impact in political circumstances, and with the help of state of emergency rules after the coup attempt on 15 July 2016, they have reached a level in which they influence Turkish social, political and Twitter spheres both directly and indirectly. This paper focuses on the tweets of regime supporters and ‘Ak trolls’ in order to explore the characteristics of posts in July 2016, during the days leading up to the coup attempt and in the post-coup period. Our work contributes to existing knowledge of trolls and the social media networks of authoritarian regimes by providing information on their behavior in times of acute conflict and crisis like the coup attempt.
“Even Three-Year-Old Children Know That the Source of Enlightenment is not Religion but Science”
Authors: Krämer Hans Martin 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
When Japanese Buddhists faced the challenge of materialistic natural sciences in the last decades of the nineteenth century, their responses were not uniform. Some advocated a unity of science and religion in the sense that Buddhism was thought to be substantially compatible with the findings of modern natural science, while others argued for a separation of domains, salvaging for religion a sphere of life that would remain unaffected by modern rationalist forms of critique. Yet, both sides already argued from within a logic of the secular/non-secular, thus showing that, next to political demands, the challenges posed by modern science were an important catalyst for the emergence of expressions of secularity in modern Japan. This article attempts to make sense of the diverse Buddhist self-articulations vis-à-vis modern science by differentiating chronologically, by sect, and by addressee, thus seeking out patterns to explain the contemporaneity of opposing positions within Japanese Buddhism.
The Timor Sea Conciliation and Treaty: Timor-Leste’s Perspective
Authors: Exposto Elizabeth 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The delimitation of maritime boundaries between Timor-Leste and Australia was a historic process initiated under the compulsory conciliation mechanism in the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea. The resulting Treaty between the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste and Australia Establishing their Maritime Boundaries in the Timor Sea (‘Timor Sea Treaty’) reflects a remarkable achievement for the young nation of Timor-Leste in securing its sovereign maritime rights. This contribution examines the historical context which led to the Timor Sea Treaty, the challenges faced during the negotiation process, and the significance of the Timor Sea Treaty to the renewed relationship between the two countries.
Slavery and Its Obligations Erga Omnes
Authors: Allain Jean 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This study explores the obligations of international law as they relate to slavery. In so doing, it recognises that recent developments of the law of slavery has brought to life existing treaty and customary international law obligations. The totality of these obligations is considered, with special emphasis given to slavery’s obligations erga omnes. That emphasis reveals both the failure of nearly half of all States to effectively incorporate the prohibition of slavery into their domestic legal order; and the underlying communal interest which necessitates all States cooperate in addressing wholesale reintroduction of the slave trade by Daesh / ISIS.
Improving Seasonal Precipitation Forecasts for Agriculture in the Orinoquía Region of Colombia
Authors: Fernandes Katia , Muñoz Angel G. , Ramirez-Villegas Julian , Agudelo Diego , Llanos-Herrera Lizeth , Esquivel Alejandra , Rodriguez-Espinoza Jeferson , Prager Steven D. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Canonical correlation analysis (CCA) is used to improve the skill of seasonal forecasts in the Orinoquía region, where over 40% of Colombian rice is produced. Seasonal precipitation and frequency of wet days are predicted, as rice yields simulated by a calibrated crop model are better correlated with wet-day frequency than with precipitation amounts in June–August (JJA). Prediction of the frequency of wet days, using as predictors variables from the NCEP Climate Forecast System, version 2 (CFSv2), results in a forecast with higher skill than models predicting seasonal precipitation amounts. Using wet-day frequency as an alternative climate variable reveals that the distribution of daily rainfall is both more relevant for rice yield variability and more skillfully predicted than seasonal precipitation amounts. Forecast skill can also be improved by using the Climate Hazards Infrared Precipitation with Stations (CHIRPS) merged satellite–station JJA precipitation as the predictand in a CCA model, especially if the predictor is CFSv2 vertically integrated meridional moisture flux (VQ). The probabilistic hindcast derived from the CCA model using CHIRPS as the predictand can successfully discriminate above-normal, normal, and below-normal terciles of over 80% of the stations in the region. This is particularly relevant for stations that, due to discontinuity in their time series, are not included in station-only CCA models but are still in need of probabilistic seasonal forecasts. Finally, CFSv2 VQ performs better than precipitation as the predictor in CCA, which we attribute to CFSv2 being more internally consistent in regards to sea surface temperature (SST)-forced VQ variability than to SST-forced precipitation variability in the Orinoquía region.
In-house age-specific reference ranges for free light chains measured on the SPAPlus® analyser
Authors: Campbell Lauren , Simpson Dawn , Shields Adrian , Ferry Berne , Ramasamy Karthik , Sadler Ross 
Published: December 2019

Background The measurement of monoclonal free light chains is being increasingly utilized since the introduction of serum-based assays. It is important for laboratories to determine their own reference ranges in order to reflect the local population. The aim of this study was to determine if age-adjusted reference ranges for serum free light chains would have implications for demand management of further laboratory investigations including immunofixation. Methods After certain exclusions, 4293 samples from individuals seen in primary care across Oxfordshire between 2014 and 2016 were identified for analysis of patient characteristics, serum free light chain results and estimated glomerular filtration rate. Results We found age to be an independent variable when considering serum free light chain concentrations, ratio and estimated glomerular filtration rate. The reference ranges derived from our data differ markedly from the original Binding Site ranges. When the age-specific ranges are retrospectively applied to our population, there is a 38% decrease in follow-up testing with no loss of specificity. Conclusion We feel confident implementing new age-specific serum free light chain reference ranges in our laboratory. We have developed a simple algorithm for evaluating serum free light chains based on age and estimated glomerular filtration rate. We encourage laboratories to establish their own local reference ranges using large cohorts and their chosen serum free light chain assay platform.
Healthcare utilization, psychiatric medication and risk of rehospitalization in suicide-attempting patients with common mental disorders
Authors: Niederkrotenthaler Thomas , Mittendorfer-Rutz Ellenor , Thurner Stefan , Endel Gottfried , Klimek Peter 
Published: December 2019

Objective:Common mental disorders are strong risk factors for suicide attempt. We compared common mental disorder patients with and without suicide attempt regarding health care utilization and psychiatric medication, assessed gender differences and identified how psychotropic medication of attempters is associated with subsequent rehospitalization.Methods:We used administrative claims data of 22,276 common mental disorder patients with inpatient care in Lower Austria between 1 January 2006 and 31 December 2011. Suicide attempters (cases, n = 615) and non-attempters (controls, n = 21,661) were compared regarding specific healthcare utilization by calculating mean differences of time-dependent contact probabilities and psychiatric medication (i.e. prescribed defined daily doses) ± 0.5 years around their suicide attempt (cases)/common mental disorder diagnosis (controls). Cluster analysis was used to group suicide attempters according to their psychiatric medication. The risk of rehospitalization 0.5–3 years after the attempt was calculated with regression analysis controlling for sex, age and morbidity-related factors.Results:Contacts with general practitioners were lower for attempters than non-attempters (mean difference of contact probabilities over observation period, males = −0.05, 95% confidence interval = [−0.07, −0.03]; females: mean difference = −0.04, 95% confidence interval = [−0.05, −0.03]). Regarding psychiatrists, female attempters had markedly higher contact probabilities after the attempt compared to female non-attempters (mean difference = 0.02, 95% confidence interval = [0.007, 0.04]); male attempters had lower contact probabilities before the attempt compared to male non-attempters (mean difference = −0.01, 95% confidence interval = [−0.004, −0.02]). Attempters had higher dosages of psychiatric medication across the entire period. Antidepressant and antipsychotic medication peaked at the time of common mental disorder diagnosis/attempt. Benzodiazepine prescriptions were considerably higher for male attempters than their female counterparts and were constantly elevated for male attempters across the observation period. A cluster of attempters with long-term benzodiazepine prescriptions had an increased risk of rehospitalization (adjusted odds ratio = 2.4, 95% confidence interval = [1.1, 5.5]).Conclusion:Despite lower contact probabilities, common mental disorder patients with suicide attempt are prescribed more psychiatric medication, particularly benzodiazepines, with an elevated risk of rehospitalization. Strong sex differences were found.
Government agencies and their roles in the diffusion of intellectual property policy in China: analysis based on a policy literature reference network
Authors: Xiang Jianqin , Ma Feicheng 
Published: December 2019

The relationship between government agencies is an important basis for the continuous innovation and diffusion of policies. This research explores how government agencies, as policymakers and promoters, play an important role in the innovation and diffusion of intellectual property policies in China. Based on the reference relationship in the policy literature, we build a large sample of intellectual property policy diffusion networks in China and present the trends and characteristics of government agencies’ policy diffusion. The results show that intellectual property policy diffusion in China is positively related to many institutional factors, for example, network positioning, authority, economic development level, and policy timeliness, but it is not significantly correlated with geographical proximity. Points for practitioners This study helps to understand how government relationships affect policy diffusion in this particular political environment in China. The conclusions of this study on the role of government agencies in policy diffusion can provide some guidance for public administration departments to formulate and disseminate policies, and expand the study of intergovernmental relations and policy innovation from the perspective of policy text mining and quantification.
NOD-like receptor protein 3 and high mobility group box-1 are associated with prognosis of patients with congenital heart disease
Authors: Fan Jiajie , Qiu Yunxiang , Zheng Zhijie , Yu Luyan , Shi Shanshan , Wu Xiujing 
Published: December 2019

Objective To investigate the association between plasma levels of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like (NOD)-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) and high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) and their prognostic significance in neonatal patients with congenital heart disease (CHD). Methods This study enrolled neonatal patients with CHD and collected their demographic and clinical data. Plasma concentrations of NLRP3 and HMGB1 were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Spearman’s analysis was used to determine the correlation between NLRP3 and HMGB1 levels. The association between NLRP3 and HMGB1 levels and 2-year survival and mortality were evaluated using Kaplan–Meier curve and logistic regression analyses. Results A total of 84 neonatal patients with CHD were included in the study. Plasma NLRP3 and HMGB1 levels were significantly higher in deceased patients compared with those that survived. There was a positive correlation between NLRP3 and HMGB1 levels in neonatal patients with CHD. Patients with elevated levels of NLRP3 and HMGB1 showed significantly lower 2-year survival and higher mortality rates compared with those with lower NLRP3 and HMGB1 levels. Conclusion Neonatal patients with CHD and a poor prognosis had higher NLRP3 and HMGB1 levels, which suggests that these might be potential biomarkers of CHD prognosis.
The CD14 gene –159C/T polymorphism and the risk of ischemic stroke: a meta-analysis
Authors: Xu Meihua , Wang Linghua , Sun Lihua , Li Zhaodong , Zhang Hua 
Published: December 2019

Background To investigate the association between the CD14 –159C/T polymorphism and ischemic stroke (IS). Methods Relevant literature was searched by retrieving EMBASE, Web of Science, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, and PubMed databases. R version 3.33 software was applied to calculate pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results Seven qualified studies with a total of 2058 IS patients and 2123 controls were included. There was no significant association between the CD14 –159C/T polymorphism and IS risk in the total population (TT vs CC: OR = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.58–1.20; CT vs CC: OR = 0.96, 95% CI = 0.82–1.12; dominant model: OR = 1.02, 95% CI = 0.80–1.30; recessive model: OR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.57–1.19). Similarly, subgroup analysis according to ethnicity and Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium also found no significant interrelation. Conclusion Our findings suggest that the CD14 –159C/T polymorphism does not contribute to the risk of IS. Well-designed studies with more subjects are required to further validate these results.