bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Salmonella in cucumbers, antibiotic and acid resistances and description of the kinetic behavior with dynamic model during storage
Authors: Ha Jimyeong , Park Eunyoung , Kim Joo‐Sung , Lee Soomin , Kim Sejeong , Lee Jeeyeon , Choi Yukyung , Yoon Yohan , Oh Hyemin , Kim Yujin , Lee Yewon , Seo Yeongeun , Kang Joohyun 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis study isolated Salmonella from cucumbers, analyzed the antibiotic resistance and acid resistance for the isolates and developed a dynamic model. Salmonella prevalence in cucumbers and their resistances were determined. To describe the kinetic behavior of Salmonella isolates, the isolates were inoculated into cucumbers, and Salmonella cell counts were enumerated during storage at 10–30°C. The Baranyi model was fitted to the cell count data to calculate kinetic parameters (lag phase duration [LPD] and maximum specific growth rate (μmax)], and a polynomial model was fitted to the kinetic parameters as a function of temperature. The model performance was evaluated with root mean square error (RMSE). Using these models, a dynamic model was developed. Salmonella were detected in 3 of 24 cucumbers, all of which were multidrug‐resistant and one was acid‐resistant. As storage temperature increased, LPD decreased and μmax increased. These models were appropriate with 0.367 of RMSE. These results suggest that cross‐contaminated Salmonella could increase during transportation, and it may lead to human infection.
A split‐face comparative study to evaluate the efficacy of 50% pyruvic acid against a mixture of glycolic and salicylic acids in the treatment of acne vulgaris
Authors: Zdrada Julita , Odrzywołek Wiktoria , Deda Anna , Wilczyński Sławomir 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundOne of the ways to treat acne is by using chemical peels. Salicylic, glycolic and pyruvic acids due to their keratolytic and antibacterial properties are often recommended for acne patients.AimsThe aim of the study was to compare the effect of a preparation containing glycolic and salicylic acids with pyruvic acid.Patients/Methods14 women diagnosed with acne took part in the study. The facial treatment area was divided into two parts: right (a preparation containing 50% pyruvic acid) and left side ( a preparation containing glycolic and salicylic acids). A series of four treatments was performed at 2‐week intervals. Skin parameters, namely hydration, sebum secretion and skin colour were measured.ResultsAs a result of using 50% pyruvic acid, the hydration of the right side of the face increased statistically and there was a decrease in the amount of melanin in the epidermis. On the left side of the face, there was an increase in skin hydration after using a mixture of glycolic and salicylic acids. The increase in skin hydration on the left side of the chin and nose was not statistically significant. The use of the mixture of glycolic and salicylic acids affected the skin colour on the left side of the face, on the forehead, cheek and nose.ConclusionChemical peels affect a wide range of pathological factors of acne. A mixture of acids yields fewer side effects than a single acid used in high concentration, but the therapeutic effects are comparable.
Evaluation of periodontal status in different phenotypes of polycystic ovary syndrome in untreated patients of early reproductive age: A case–control study
Authors: Işık Yaser , Telatar Gül Y. , Neşelioğlu Salim , Biçer Cemile , Gürlek Beril 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAimA few studies demonstrated an increased risk of periodontal disease in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The aim of this study was to evaluate the periodontal status in women of reproductive age who were recently diagnosed with different phenotypes of PCOS.MethodsThis prospectively designed cross‐sectional case–control study included 116 consecutive subjects with PCOS and 90 healthy volunteers, aged between 18 and 24, who were admitted to the gynecology polyclinic between April 2018 and December 2018. All subjects of PCOS diagnosed using the Rotterdam criteria were subdivided into four phenotypes based on clinical, biochemical and ultrasonographic parameters according to the guidelines of the National Institutes of Health. The same dentist investigated periodontal parameters including plaque index, gingival index, bleeding on probing (%), probing depth, clinical attachment loss and the decayed, missing, filled teeth index.ResultsProbing depth, a periodontal parameter, was higher in all sub‐phenotypes of the PCOS group compared to the control group. There was no difference in other periodontal parameters.ConclusionPeriodontal probing depth, which is an important parameter in the diagnosis of periodontal diseases, was higher in all phenotypic subgroups of PCOS in early reproductive age.
Clinicopathological characteristics of histiocytic sarcoma affecting the central nervous system in dogs
Authors: Toyoda Izumi , Vernau William , Sturges Beverly K. , Vernau Karen M. , Rossmeisl John , Zimmerman Kurt , Crowe Chelsea M. , Woolard Kevin , Giuffrida Michelle , Higgins Robert J. , Dickinson Peter J. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundHistiocytic sarcoma affecting the central nervous system (CNS HS) in dogs may present as primary or disseminated disease, often characterized by inflammation. Prognosis is poor, and imaging differentiation from other CNS tumors can be problematic.ObjectiveTo characterize the clinicopathological inflammatory features, breed predisposition, and survival in dogs with CNS HS.AnimalsOne hundred two dogs with HS, 62 dogs with meningioma.MethodsRetrospective case series. Records were reviewed for results of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis, CBC, treatment, and outcome data.ResultsPredisposition for CNS HS was seen in Bernese Mountain Dogs, Golden Retrievers, Rottweilers, Corgis, and Shetland Sheepdogs (P ≤ .001). Corgis and Shetland Sheepdogs had predominantly primary tumors; Rottweilers had exclusively disseminated tumors. Marked CSF inflammation was characteristic of primary rather than disseminated HS, and neoplastic cells were detected in CSF of 52% of affected dogs. Increased neutrophil to lymphocyte ratios were seen in all groups relative to controls (P <.008) but not among tumor subtypes. Definitive versus palliative treatment resulted in improved survival times (P < .001), but overall prognosis was poor.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceClinicopathological differences between primary and disseminated HS suggest that tumor biological behavior and origin may be different. Corgis and Shetland Sheepdogs are predisposed to primary CNS HS, characterized by inflammatory CSF. High total nucleated cell count and the presence of neoplastic cells support the use of CSF analysis as a valuable diagnostic test. Prognosis for CNS HS is poor, but further evaluation of inflammatory mechanisms may provide novel therapeutic opportunities.
Serum D‐lactate concentrations in dogs with parvoviral enteritis
Authors: Venn Emilee C. , Barnes Alex J. , Hansen Ryan J. , Boscan Pedro L. , Twedt David C. , Sullivan Lauren A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundDogs infected with canine parvovirus (CPV) have compromised intestinal epithelial barrier integrity. Production of D‐lactate by enteric bacteria may directly reflect disease severity or contribute to metabolic acid‐base status in these dogs.HypothesisSerum D‐lactate concentration will be increased in CPV dogs compared to healthy controls and correlate with markers of disease severity and acid‐base status.AnimalsDogs with CPV undergoing treatment (n = 40) and healthy control dogs (n = 9).MethodsProspective observational study. Dogs with CPV had a baseline and daily CBC, venous blood gas with serum electrolyte concentrations, composite clinical severity score, and serum D‐lactate concentration performed. A single serum D‐lactate measurement was obtained from healthy control dogs.ResultsThe CPV dogs had a higher D‐lactate concentration (mean ± SD) of 469 ± 173 μM compared to controls, 306 ± 45 μM (P < .001). There was no difference in baseline D‐lactate concentrations for CPV survivors (474 ± 28 μM), versus nonsurvivors (424 ± 116 μM; P = .70). D‐lactate concentration decreased over the first 4 days of treatment (−9.6 μM/d; P = .46). Dogs hospitalized for <4 days had lower baseline D‐lactate concentrations compared to those hospitalized ≥4 days (400 ± 178 μM versus 520 ± 152 μM; P = .03). No sustained correlation over time between serum D‐lactate concentration and clinical severity score or recorded acid‐base results.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceSerum D‐lactate concentrations are higher in dogs with CPV compared to healthy controls but do not appear to be clinically relevant. No relationship identified between serum D‐lactate concentrations and markers of CPV disease severity, acid‐base status, or outcome.
Infant and young child feeding practices and child linear growth in Nepal: Regression–decomposition analysis of national survey data, 1996–2016
Authors: Hanley‐Cook Giles , Argaw Alemayehu , Dahal Pradiumna , Chitekwe Stanley , Kolsteren Patrick 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSuboptimal infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices have profound implications on child survival, health, growth, and development. First, our study analysed trends in 18 IYCF indicators and height‐for‐age z‐score (HAZ) and stunting prevalence across Nepal's Family Health Survey 1996 and four rounds of Nepal Demographic and Health Surveys from 2001–2016. Second, we constructed multivariable regression models and decomposed the contribution of optimal IYCF practices on HAZ and stunting prevalence over the 1996–2016 period. Our findings indicate that most age‐appropriate IYCF practices and child linear growth outcomes improved over the past two decades. At present, according to the World Health Organization's tool for national assessment of IYCF practices, duration of breastfeeding is rated very good, early initiation of breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) are rated good, whereas minimal bottle‐feeding and introduction of solid, semi‐solid or soft foods are rated fair. Our study also reports that a paucity of age‐appropriate IYCF practices—in particular complementary feeding—are significantly associated with increased HAZ and decreased probability of stunting (p < .05). Moreover, age‐appropriate IYCF practices—in isolation—made modest statistical contributions to the rapid and sustained reduction in age‐specific child linear growth faltering from 1996–2016. Nevertheless, our findings indicate that comprehensive multisectoral nutrition strategies—integrating and advocating optimal IYCF—are critical to further accelerate the progress against child linear growth faltering. Furthermore, specific focus is needed to improve IYCF practices that have shown no significant development over the past two decades in Nepal: EBF, minimum acceptable diet, and minimal bottle‐feeding.
Deletion of Wnt5a in osteoclasts results in bone loss through decreased bone formation
Authors: Roberts Joseph L. , Liu Guanglu , Paglia David N. , Kinter Christopher W. , Fernandes Lorenzo M. , Lorenzo Joseph , Hansen Marc F. , Arif Abul , Drissi Hicham 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBone remodeling is achieved through the coupled activities of osteoclasts and osteoblasts that are controlled by many locally generated secreted factors, including WNT5A. While previous studies have demonstrated that osteoblast‐derived WNT5A promotes osteoclastogenesis, the function of osteoclast‐derived WNT5A on bone remodeling has remained unexplored. We examined the effects of osteoclast‐derived WNT5A on bone homeostasis by utilizing the Cathepsin K‐Cre (Ctsk‐Cre) mouse to conditionally delete Wnt5a in mature osteoclasts. These mice exhibited reduced trabecular and cortical bone. The low bone–mass phenotype was driven by decreased bone formation, not osteoclast‐mediated bone resorption, as osteoclast number and serum CTX marker were unchanged. Furthermore, molecular analysis of osteoclast‐ and osteoblast‐derived WNT5A identified a serine‐phosphorylated WNT5A that is unique to RANKL‐treated macrophages mimicking osteoclasts. This study suggests a new paradigm in which WNT5A has opposing effects on bone remodeling that are dependent on the cell of origin, an effect that may result from cell type–specific differential posttranslational modifications of WNT5A.
Construction of high‐density linkage map and identification of QTLs associated with resistance to black rot in radish (Raphanus sativus) by RAD sequencing
Authors: Wu Chunhui , Qiu Yang , Duan Yundan , Guo Yangdong , Wang Haiping , Zhang Xiaohui , Song Jiangping , Li Xixiang 
Published: January 2020

AbstractHigh‐density marker‐based QTL mapping can serve as an effective strategy to identify novel genomic information to facilitate crop improvement. In this study, we genotyped an F2 population (KB12‐1 × PP12‐1) using a RAD‐seq approach and constructed a high‐density linkage map for radish. After a series of filtering procedures were performed, 17,124 SNPs and 3,336 indels with aa × bb genotyping were retained to obtain bin markers. Then, a linkage map comprising a total of 1,221 bin markers in nine linkage groups spanning 1,467.3 cM with an average marker interval of 1.2 cM was constructed. We evaluated the resistance of the F2 mapping population to black rot using F3 progeny, and two major QTLs related to black rot resistance were identified based on this map. Among these QTLs, qBRR2 on Chr.2 explained 26.97% of the phenotypic variation with a LOD score of 11.93, and qBRR7 on Chr.7 accounted for 27.06% of the phenotypic variation with a LOD score of 11.83. The additive effect of qBRR2 was positive (14.97); however, qBRR7 had the opposite effect (−11.99). The high‐density linkage map and the major QTLs qBRR2 and qBRR7 provide new important information for disease resistance gene discovery and utilization in genetic improvement.
Role of Ultrasound and Photoacoustic Imaging in Photodynamic Therapy for Cancer
Authors: Hester Scott C. , Kuriakose Maju , Nguyen Christopher D. , Mallidi Srivalleesha 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) is a phototoxic treatment with high spatial and temporal control and has shown tremendous promise in the management of cancer due to its high efficacy and minimal side effects. PDT efficacy is dictated by a complex relationship between dosimetry parameters such as the concentration of the photosensitizer at the tumor site, its spatial localization (intracellular or extracellular), light dose and distribution, oxygen distribution and concentration, and the heterogeneity of the inter‐ and intratumoral microenvironment. Studying and characterizing these parameters, along with monitoring tumor heterogeneity pre‐ and post‐PDT, provides essential data for predicting therapeutic response and the design of subsequent therapies. In this review, we elucidate the role of ultrasound (US) and photoacoustic imaging in improving PDT‐mediated outcomes in cancer—from tracking photosensitizer uptake and vascular destruction, to measuring oxygenation dynamics and the overall evaluation of tumor responses. We also present recent advances in multifunctional theranostic nanomaterials that can improve either US or photoacoustic imaging contrast, as well as deliver photosensitizers specifically to tumors. Given the wide availability, low‐cost, portability and nonionizing nature of US and photoacoustic imaging, together with their capabilities of providing multiparametric morphological and functional information, these technologies are thusly inimitable when deployed in conjunction with PDT.
Blood pressure reaction to negative stimuli: Insights from continuous recording and analysis
Authors: Wiener Avigail , Goldstein Pavel , Alkoby Oren , Doenyas Keren , Okon‐Singer Hadas 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIndividuals with a tendency toward abnormally enhanced cardiovascular responses to stress are at greater risk of developing essential hypertension later in life. Accurate profiling of continuous blood pressure (BP) reactions in healthy populations is crucial for understanding normal and abnormal emotional reaction patterns. To this end, we examined the continuous time course of BP reactions to aversive pictures among healthy participants. In two experiments, we showed participants negative and neutral pictures while simultaneously measuring their continuous BP and heart rate (HR) reactions. In this study, BP reactions were analyzed continuously, in contrast to previous studies, in which BP responses were averaged across blocks. To compare time points along a temporal continuum, we applied a multi‐level B‐spline model, which is innovative in the context of BP analysis. Additionally, HR was similarly analyzed in order to examine its correlation with BP. Both experiments revealed a similar pattern of BP reactivity and association with HR. In line with previous studies, a decline in BP and HR levels was found in response to negative pictures compared to neutral pictures. In addition, in both conditions, we found an unexpected elevation of BP toward the end of the stimuli exposure period. These findings may be explained by the recruitment of attention resources in the presence of negative stimuli, which is alleviated toward the end of the stimulation. This study highlights the importance of continuous measurement and analysis for characterizing the time course of BP reactivity to emotional stimuli.
‘In the hospital there are no care guidelines’: experiences and practices in perinatal loss in Spain
Authors: Fernández‐Alcántara Manuel , Schul‐Martin Laetitia , García Caro Mª Paz , Montoya‐Juárez Rafael , Pérez‐Marfil Mª Nieves , Zech Emmanuelle 
Published: January 2020

Background and objectivesHealthcare professionals play an important role in supporting and attending to families that experience a perinatal loss. Previous research has identified the existence of obstacles that professionals may encounter during their practices. The main objective of the current research was to identify and examine the subjective experiences and practices of experienced professionals attending to perinatal loss in the hospital context in Spain.DesignQualitative descriptive design.SettingThree different hospitals in Spain.ParticipantsSixteen professionals were interviewed, including doctors, nurses, midwives, nursing assistants, a psychologist and a funeral home manager.MethodsIndividual semi‐structured interviews focusing on three areas were carried out: practices with the baby–foetus, practices with parents and interaction with the team. A thematic analysis was performed using the three main focuses of the semi‐structured interview (deductive approach) and the codes that emerged from the data (inductive approach).ResultsRegarding guideline‐based care for the baby/foetus, participants made a distinction between the initial process of care for the baby and the decision‐making process with parents. Where support for families was concerned, participants identified considerable variability in the practices used and lack of organisational and care guidelines, psychological support and follow‐up. Finally, interactions with other team members were perceived as a source of support, although participants identified a significant lack of coordination.ConclusionParticipants reported variability of practices in care for the baby and parents, lack of continuity‐of‐care guidelines and the importance of support from a coordinated healthcare team.
The authority of courage and compassion: Healthcare policy leadership in addressing the kidney disease public health epidemic
Authors: Maddux Franklin W. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractRecent developments in US kidney‐related healthcare policy have made chronic kidney disease (CKD) a societal focus in the United States. In the biggest policy change since the 1972 Social Security Amendments that extended Medicare coverage to patients with kidney failure regardless of age, a 2019 presidential executive order pledged to reduce end‐stage kidney disease, slow CKD progression, increase kidney transplants, and focus on home dialysis care. This manuscript seeks to outline key factors that can enable this milestone moment to evolve a policy framework that improves the health of society while being economically sustainable. Understanding the sociohistorical context of healthcare policy and the related lessons learned demonstrates that policy must take a broader view of the societal and system wide factors that affect chronic illness. Addressing the full breadth of the CKD epidemic requires looking at factors from both inside and outside traditional medical‐pathophysiological environments, including social determinants of health. This more fulsome insight will enable policy to better align the broad range of people and organizations who are working to combat the disease. By creating patient‐centered policy that both evolves with the speed of innovation and addresses root causes of CKD instead of narrowly focusing on symptoms or comorbidities alone, leaders in the public square have an historic opportunity to thoughtfully create the common ground of a lasting policy legacy that improves society's health today and for generations to come.
(Re)Recognizing the multidimensional roles of family and peers on crime
Authors: Mowen Thomas J. , Boman John H. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSocial scientists have long recognized the salience of family and peers in understanding the etiology of crime and delinquency. Although criminologists universally acknowledge that family and peers can each exert prosocial and antisocial influences on offending behaviors, this area of study has gradually divided into a “good” and “bad” dichotomy. Specifically, family tends to be viewed and measured as a key factor that protects against offending. In stark contrast, peers tend to be viewed and measured as key correlates toward offending. In the following discussion, we explore the historical roots of this tendency through examining how key theoretical perspectives have shaped this dichotomy and informed current perspectives on the link between family, peers, and crime. We then highlight how some studies have stepped outside of this dichotomy to consider the independent and interdependent roles of family and peers as both positive and negative influences on offending behaviors. Overall, there is nothing new about understanding peers and family as both prosocial and criminogenic in their influences; rather, there is a greater need to (re)recognize these multifaceted roles in modern criminological studies.