bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microbiological investigations of two thermal baths in Budapest, Hungary. Report: effect of bathing and pool operation type on water quality
Authors: Lippai Anett , Farkas Rózsa , Szuróczki Sára , Szabó Attila , Felföldi Tamás , Toumi Marwene , Tóth Erika 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In Hungary, which is famous for its thermal baths, according to the regulations, waters are investigated in hygienic aspects with standard cultivation methods. In the present study, two thermal baths were investigated (the well and three different pool waters in both) using cultivation methods, taxon-specific polymerase chain reactions (PCRs), multiplex PCRs and next-generation amplicon sequencing. Mainly members of the natural microbial community of the well waters and bacteria originating from the environment were detected but several opportunistic pathogenic taxa, e.g., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, P. stutzeri, Acinetobacter johnsoni, Acinetobacter baumanni, Moraxella osloensis, Microbacterium paraoxydans, Legionella spp., Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and Staphylococcus aureus were revealed by the applied methods. Pools with charging-unloading operation had higher microscopic cell counts, colony-forming unit (CFU) counts, number of cocci, P. aeruginosa and S. aureus compared to the recirculation systems. Bacteria originating from human sources (e.g., skin) were identified in the pool waters with less than 1% relative abundance, and their presence was sporadic in the pools. Comparing the microbiological quality of the pools based on the first sampling time and the following four months' period it was revealed that recirculation operation type has better water quality than the charging-unloading pool operation from a hygienic point of view.
Performance investigation of the slaughterhouse wastewater treatment facility: a case of Mwanza City Slaughterhouse, Tanzania
Authors: Michael Semba , Paschal Chrisogoni , Kivevele Thomas , Rwiza Mwemezi J. , Njau Karoli N. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The present study engaged onsite operations and laboratory analysis for Mwanza City Slaughterhouse (MCS) wastewater to improve the efficiency of wastewater treatment of a newly installed facility. The MCS wastewater treatment facility is integrated with various units-biodigester, aeration unit, retention, clarifier, and a constructed wetland. During the initial runs, the MCS facility removed 87.5%, 92.2%, 43%, and 65.4% of effluent biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonium, and nitrate, respectively. After conducting effective plant operations for five months, the removal efficiencies of BOD5, COD, ammonium, and nitrate improved to 97.4%, 98.3%, 97.4%, and 97.6%, respectively. In the present study, the unit-by-unit performance values achieved as a result of alterations to the facility's running conditions are presented. The MCS wastewater treatment facility was found to be energy-positive, as it produced an average of 158.2 m3 biogas per day. This amount of biogas, if converted to electricity, would be sufficient to run the facility operations. Generally, the MCS wastewater treatment facility attained the best performance as per design, achieving the effluent levels recommended by the Tanzania Bureau of Standards (TBS).
Application of high-frequency spring discharge data: a case study of Mathamali spring rejuvenation in the Garhwal Himalaya
Authors: Kumar Vikram , Paramanik Santosh 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Water scarcity is becoming the biggest threat to the global population due to unpredictable rainfall, glaciers melt, and other anthropogenic activities. This study focuses on the analysis of monitored high-frequency continuous spring discharge and rainfall data in the contact and fracture type Mathamali spring located in the Garhwal Himalaya. Discharge from the spring and its storage behavior has been studied by analyzing recession components and flow duration curves. Analyzed discharge data revealed that the spring can generate maximum volume during monsoon as compared to winter due to aquifer properties and tendencies to store and transmit water. Springshed intervention practices were implemented in early April 2017. The measured average flow was 16.9 lpm but soon after the interventions, the average flow increased by 2.6 times. The minimum average spring flow was 2.3 lpm which increased by 5 times whereas the average maximum flow increased by 1.8 times. Post-intervention, storage duration has increased by 16%, decaying from 143 lpm (peak flow) to 12.7 lpm (baseflow). The preliminary findings from this spring can be considered as a check for establishing benchmarks for sustainable development of springsheds, climate change adaptation, and development plans to cope up with growing water insecurity in the rural Himalayas.
Effect of soy protein-based flocculant on flocculation and filtration of diatomite and kaolin suspensions
Authors: Maruyama Hideo , Seki Hideshi 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe effect of ethylated soy protein-based bioflocculant (EtSP) as a filter aid reagent was investigated. The efficiency of EtSP as a filter aid was evaluated in terms of the specific cake resistance, α, and was compared with chitosan and polyaluminum chloride (PAC). Diatomite and kaolin were used as model particles. Total filtration resistance, R, decreased with increasing flocculant dosage (wt.%, flocculant/particle) and was almost constant in the range of 1 wt.% or more for both particles. The α value was significantly decreased from 1.01 × 1011 to 9.01 × 1010 m/kg for diatomite and from 5.11 × 1010 to 5.20 × 109 m/kg for kaolin by the addition of EtSP in the case of 1.0 wt.%. The α value for cakes formed by EtSP was much smaller than that formed by chitosan and PAC. In the case of diatomite, in the dose range of 0.5–1.0 wt.%, the α value for cakes formed by EtSP and chitosan was almost the same. However, at the excess dose of 2.0 wt.% over, the α value formed by chitosan abruptly increased. In the case of kaolin, in the dose range of 1.0–2.0 wt.%, the α values of chitosan and PAC were mostly the same, however, these values were larger by ca. nine times than that of EtSP.
Phenanthridine Sulfonamide Derivatives as Potential DPP-IV Inhibitors:
Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation
Authors: Khalaf Reema Abu , Alqazaqi Shorooq , Aburezeq Maram , Sabbah Dima , Albadawi Ghadeer , Sheikha Ghassan Abu 
Published: October 2020

Background:
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder, characterized by hyperglycemia over a
prolonged period, disturbance of fat, protein and carbohydrate metabolism, resulting from defective insulin secretion,
insulin action or both. Dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) inhibitors are relatively a new class of oral hypoglycemic agents
that reduces the deterioration of gut-derived endogenous incretin hormones that are secreted in response to food ingestion
to stimulate the secretion of insulin from beta cells of pancreas.

Objective:
In this study, synthesis, characterization, and biological assessment of twelve novel phenanthridine
sulfonamide derivatives 3a-3l as potential DPP-IV inhibitors was carried out. The target compounds were docked to study
the molecular interactions and binding affinities against DPP-IV enzyme.

Methods:
The synthesized molecules were characterized using 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, IR, and MS. Quantum-polarized
ligand docking (QPLD) was also performed.

Results:
In vitro biological evaluation of compounds 3a-3l reveals comparable DPP-IV inhibitory activities ranging from
10%-46% at 100 µM concentration, where compound 3d harboring ortho-fluoro moiety exhibited the highest inhibitory
activity. QPLD study shows that compounds 3a-3l accommodate DPP-IV binding site and form H-bonding with the R125,
E205, E206, S209, F357, R358, K554, W629, S630, Y631, Y662, R669 and Y752 backbones.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, phenanthridine sulfonamides could serve as potential DPP-IV inhibitors that require further
structural optimization in order to enhance their inhibitory activity.
High Efficiency of Food Waste Fermentation and Biohydrogen Production in Experimental-industrial Anaerobic Batch Reactor
Authors: Hovorukha Vira , Tashyrev Oleksandr , Havryliuk Olesia , Iastremska Larysa 
Published: October 2020

Background:
Multicomponent organic waste is a significant environment hazard. Natural mechanisms can no longer ensure the processing of increasing volumes of such waste. The accumulation of multicomponent organic waste to environment pollution with toxic gases and leachate. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop cost-effective technologies for the rapid treatment of huge volumes of toxic waste. Moreover, multicomponent organic waste can be used as the substrate for the production of green energy - biohydrogen.

Objective:
To scale up the technology of biohydrogen production from multicomponent organic waste in experimental-industrial anaerobic batch reactor and to establish fermentation parameters of its operation.

Methods:
An experimental-industrial anaerobic batch reactor was designed and the method of thermodynamic prognosis was applied to determine the most effective microbial pathway for hydrogen synthesis. The efficiency of the fermentation was evaluated by the pH and redox potential (Eh, mV) of culture medium, the concentration and volume of synthesized gas.

Results:
The experimental-industrial anaerobic batch reactor with a volume of 240 L was successfully applied to scale up the process of obtaining hydrogen via fermentation of organics. The duration of the technological cycle (T) was 1.5-4 days. The coefficient of waste destruction (Kd) that is the ratio between the initial and final weight of waste was high and ranged from 86 to 140. Hydrogen yield was 45-90 L/kg of dry weight of waste. The maximum concentration of hydrogen (H2max) was 50-58%.

Conclusion:
The developed approach and scaling of the biotechnology is promising for industrial application for effective hydrogen production via dark fermentation of multicomponent organic waste. Its industrial application might help to solve the problem of toxic multicomponent organic waste destruction and simultaneously to produce green energy H2.
Numerical Simulation and Experimental Investigation on Seismic Performance of Composite Structural Connection of Encased CFST Column and Reinforced Concrete Beam with Steel Ring
Authors: Ponsubbiah Aravind Raj , Ravi Divahar , S P Sangeetha , T Meenambal , F S Frieda 
Published: October 2020

Introduction:

This paper discusses the seismic characteristics of the composite structural joint between the Encased Concrete Filled Steel Tubular (ECFST) Column and Reinforced Concrete (RC) beam. The hysteresis behaviour, envelope curves, ductility, rigidity degradation, energy absorption capacity, and equivalent viscous damping coefficient are also discussed.

Methods:
In this study, the reinforcement placed longitudinally in the RC beam, which is disunited at the joint due to the tubular section of the ECFST column, is connected by providing links in the form of steel rings at the joint. In this study, four specimens with circular steel rings and square concrete casing along with two control specimens are considered. The number of ring layers and concentric rings are used in different combinations among the specimens.

Results:
The structural connection with the circular steel rings and square concrete casing at the ECFST column and RC beam joint showed superior seismic performance due to the provision of the longitudinal bar and the increased confinement at the joint due to the steel rings and additional concrete casing.

Conclusion:
A comparative study was done between the experimental studies and the numerical analysis from the finite element developed using ANSYS. It was found that the experimental investigation results matched with the finite element analysis.
Smart Data Collection for the Assessment of Treatment Effects in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Observational Study
Authors: Weerts Zsa Zsa R M , Heinen Koert G E , Masclee Ad A M , Quanjel Amber B A , Winkens Bjorn , Vork Lisa , Rinkens Paula E L M , Jonkers Daisy M A E , Keszthelyi Daniel 
Published: October 2020

Background
End-of-day symptom diaries are recommended by drug regulatory authorities to assess treatment response in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. We developed a smartphone app to measure treatment response.

Objective
Because the employment of an app to measure treatment response in irritable bowel syndrome is relatively new, we aimed to explore patients’ adherence to diary use and characteristics associated with adherence.

Methods
A smartphone app was developed to serve as a symptom diary. Patients with irritable bowel syndrome (based on Rome IV criteria) were instructed to fill out end-of-day diary questionnaires during an 8-week treatment. Additional online questionnaires assessed demographics, irritable bowel syndrome symptom severity, and psychosocial comorbidities. Adherence rate to the diary was defined as the percentage of days completed out of total days. Adherence to the additional web-based questionnaires was also assessed.

Results
Overall, 189 patients were included (age: mean 34.0 years, SD 13.3 years; female: 147/189, 77.8%; male: 42/189, 22.2%). The mean adherence rate was 87.9% (SD 9.4%). However, adherence to the diary decreased over time (P<.001). No significant association was found between adherence and gender (P=.84), age (P=.22), or education level (lower education level: P=.58, middle education level: P=.46, versus high education level), while higher anxiety scores were associated with lower adherence (P=.03). Adherence to the online questionnaires was also high (>99%). Missing data due to technical issues were limited.

Conclusions
The use of a smartphone app as a symptom diary to assess treatment response resulted in high patient adherence. The data-collection framework described led to standardized data collection with excellent completeness and can be used for future randomized controlled trials. Due to the slight decrease in adherence to diary use throughout the study, this method might be less suitable for longer trials.
The Analgesic Effect of Electroencephalographic Neurofeedback for People With Chronic Pain: Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Hesam-Shariati Negin , Chang Wei-Ju , McAuley James H , Booth Andrew , Trost Zina , Lin Chin-Teng , Newton-John Toby , Gustin Sylvia M 
Published: October 2020

Background
Chronic pain is a global health problem, affecting around 1 in 5 individuals in the general population. The understanding of the key role of functional brain alterations in the generation of chronic pain has led researchers to focus on pain treatments that target brain activity. Electroencephalographic neurofeedback attempts to modulate the power of maladaptive electroencephalography frequency powers to decrease chronic pain. Although several studies have provided promising evidence, the effect of electroencephalographic neurofeedback on chronic pain is uncertain.

Objective
This systematic review aims to synthesize the evidence from randomized controlled trials to evaluate the analgesic effect of electroencephalographic neurofeedback. In addition, we will synthesize the findings of nonrandomized studies in a narrative review.

Methods
We will apply the search strategy in 5 electronic databases (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycInfo, and CINAHL) for published studies and in clinical trial registries for completed unpublished studies. We will include studies that used electroencephalographic neurofeedback as an intervention for people with chronic pain. Risk-of-bias tools will be used to assess methodological quality of the included studies. We will include randomized controlled trials if they have compared electroencephalographic neurofeedback with any other intervention or placebo control. The data from randomized controlled trials will be aggregated to perform a meta-analysis for quantitative synthesis. The primary outcome measure is pain intensity assessed by self-report scales. Secondary outcome measures include depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and sleep quality measured by self-reported questionnaires. We will investigate the studies for additional outcomes addressing adverse effects and resting-state electroencephalography analysis. Additionally, all types of nonrandomized studies will be included for a narrative synthesis. The intended and unintended effects of nonrandomized studies will be extracted and summarized in a descriptive table.

Results
Ethics approval is not required for a systematic review, as there will be no patient involvement. The search for this systematic review commenced in July 2020, and we expect to publish the findings in early 2021.

Conclusions
This systematic review will provide recommendations for researchers and health professionals, as well as people with chronic pain, about the evidence for the analgesic effect of electroencephalographic neurofeedback.

Trial Registration
International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) CRD42020177608; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=177608

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
PRR1-10.2196/22821
A Lesson Learn from Empowerment Program of Integrated Cassava-Tapioca Agroindustry Actors in Pati District, Indonesia
Authors: Banowati Eva 
Published: October 2020

Frequently, empowering models for cassava farmers is programmed by government, but unsuitable to socio-geographic conditions, such as in Pati District. This study was aimed to depict social knowledge and lesson learn of cassava-tapioca agroindustry actors, and to understand the farmers’ acceptance, before and after the empowering program. The cassava farmer’s and tapioca producer’s knowledge and lesson learn were collected from 35 farmers and 19 tapioca producers. After empowering program, farmers asked to cultivate Cassesart cassava variety (UJ-5). However, the UJ-5 productivity that was planted in 65.40 Ha were declined. While, tapioca industries were also not directly increased farmers’ welfare. Farmers’ perspective in farming process was not changed after empowerment programs. Thirty-four farmers were not ready to build up new information. While, 16 from 19 tapioca producers (84.21%) object to improve labor quality and welfare. The founded result was associated with conventional farming practices, low price product and education background in Pati District, and was increasingly weakened by limited knowledge transfer of modern farming.
Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), Government Reform, and Their Role in Economic Development and the Rise of the Middle Classes in East and Southeast Asia
Authors: Kaveh Sajjad , Noori Hadi , Shafeghat Roodsari Arya , Goodarzinezhad Shukoofeh 
Published: October 2020

Since the 1990s, East and Southeast Asian countries have experienced significant economic growth, leading to the expansion of the middle classes. Some scholars have attributed this economic development to cultural and political factors such as technocrat leaders, ethnic tolerance, or even Confucianism. Other researchers have only mentioned economic variables, such as free market, regional unions, and export-oriented policies. This paper does not rule out the role of these factors in the economic development of those regions, and by using a combined approach based on recent data, the authors argue that attracting foreign direct investment (FDI) and government reforms have been the most important factors influencing economic growth as well as the significant expansion of the middle classes in East and Southeast Asian societies.
Cuadros de una exposición. Arquitectura y urbanismo de nuestro tiempo (Amancio Williams, Buenos Aires, 1949)
Authors: Müller Luis 
Published: October 2020

<p class="p2">En 1949, Amancio Williams organizó una exposición en Buenos Aires, que denominó <em>Arquitectura y urbanismo de nuestro tiempo</em>. Se exhibió una importante cantidad de planos y fotos que había conseguido en su viaje a Europa de 1947, en el que contactó con Le Corbusier, Marcel Lods, Pierre Jeanneret y otros, quienes le cedieron o enviaron materiales. Con un catálogo diseñado por Tomás Maldonado, las vicisitudes de la exposición dan cuenta del estado de la cultura arquitectónica de aquel momento.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p>
Un nuevo contexto cultural España, 1977: dos exposiciones de dibujos de arquitectura
Authors: Álvarez García María 
Published: October 2020

<p class="p2">Después de la muerte del dictador Francisco Franco en 1975, España afrontó un proceso de transición política hacia la democracia. Este momento estuvo enmarcado por el contexto internacional de crisis disciplinar de crítica a la modernidad. En España, este nuevo contexto cultural se filtraría a través de dos exposiciones de dibujos de arquitectura, que contribuyeron a desatar un debate en el país sobre la propia disciplina, la crisis de las escuelas y la situación profesional.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p>
“Azote imperialista”, petróleo y cambio climático en el Caribe
Authors: Islas Vargas Maritza 
Published: October 2020

De acuerdo con la literatura especializada, el Caribe es una de las regiones más sensibles a los efectos del cambio climático y del calentamiento global. Esta posición le convierte en un espacio de referencia cuyo entendimiento se torna central para evaluar los impactos por venir, las alternativas posibles y las dificultades y peligros a enfrentar por la humanidad. De ahí que, tras un breve análisis de los procesos que han contribuido y contribuyen a incrementar la vulnerabilidad de la región (específicamente, su función como vertedero de desechos y receptora de daños, así como su rol subordinado dentro de la diplomacia climática), el texto presenta el modo en que el cambio climático impactará la economía, la política y la geografía del Caribe.
Escenario del fracking en Brasil
Authors: Silva Dieile Bianca 
Published: October 2020

En el mundo nunca se consumieron tantos combustibles fósiles como ahora, con impactos locales como la contaminación y globales como el cambio climático. Así, al calor de los conflictos territoriales y socio-ambientales, en un contexto de apuesta y multiplicación de proyectos de explotación de recursos naturales para la exportación, el objetivo de este estudio es presentar el análisis de las problemáticas sociales, políticas y territoriales en Brasil de las opciones energéticas centradas en el fracking o fractura hidráulica de alta presión. Se describen los esfuerzos del gobierno por adoptar esta técnica y la resistencia ante este plan. Primero con la presentación de la estructura político-energética brasileña, con sus herramientas de control territorial, y cómo se logró que la propuesta del fracking se haya suspendido, hasta el día de hoy.
Behavioral therapy is a viable treatment option for children and adolescents with trichotillomania
Authors: Nesbitt Elizabeth 
Published: October 2020

A clinical decision report appraising
Franklin ME, Edson AL, Ledley DA, Cahill SP. Behavior therapy for pediatric trichotillomania: a randomized controlled trial. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2011;50(8):763-771. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2011.05.0091
for a patient with trichotillomania.