bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Applicability and reproducibility of acute myeloid leukaemia stem cell assessment in a multi‐centre setting
Authors: Hanekamp Diana , Snel Alexander N. , Kelder Angèle , Scholten Willemijn J. , Khan Naeem , Metzner Marlen , Irno‐Consalvo Maria , Sugita Mayumi , de Jong Anja , Oude Alink Sjoerd , Eidhof Harrie , Wilhelm Miriam , Feuring‐Buske Michaela , Slomp Jennichjen , van der Velden Vincent H. J. , Sonneveld Edwin , Guzman Monica , Roboz Gail J. , Buccisano Francesco , Vyas Paresh , Freeman Sylvie , Bachas Costa , Ossenkoppele Gert J. , Schuurhuis Gerrit J. , Cloos Jacqueline 
Published: April 2020

SummaryLeukaemic stem cells (LSC) have been experimentally defined as the leukaemia‐propagating population and are thought to be the cellular reservoir of relapse in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). Therefore, LSC measurements are warranted to facilitate accurate risk stratification. Previously, we published the composition of a one‐tube flow cytometric assay, characterised by the presence of 13 important membrane markers for LSC detection. Here we present the validation experiments of the assay in several large AML research centres, both in Europe and the United States. Variability within instruments and sample processing showed high correlations between different instruments (Rpearson > 0·91, P < 0·001). Multi‐centre testing introduced variation in reported LSC percentages but was found to be below the clinical relevant threshold. Clear gating protocols resulted in all laboratories being able to perform LSC assessment of the validation set. Participating centres were nearly unanimously able to distinguish LSChigh (>0·03% LSC) from LSClow (<0·03% LSC) despite inter‐laboratory variation in reported LSC percentages. This study proves that the LSC assay is highly reproducible. These results together with the high prognostic impact of LSC load at diagnosis in AML patients render the one‐tube LSC assessment a good marker for future risk classification.
Pathology, diagnostics, and classification of medulloblastoma
Authors: Orr Brent A. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMedulloblastoma (MB) is the most common CNS embryonal tumor. While the overall cure rate is around 70%, patients with high‐risk disease continue to have poor outcome and experience long‐term morbidity. MB is among the tumors for which diagnosis, risk stratification, and clinical management has shown the most rapid advancement. These advances are largely due to technological improvements in diagnosis and risk stratification which now integrate histomorphologic classification and molecular classification. MB stands as a prototype for other solid tumors in how to effectively integrate morphology and genomic data to stratify clinicopathologic risk and aid design of innovative clinical trials for precision medicine. This review explores the current diagnostic and classification of MB in modern neuropathology laboratories.
Tectono‐sedimentary evolution of Jurassic–Cretaceous diapiric structures: Miravete anticline, Maestrat Basin, Spain
Authors: Vergés Jaume , Poprawski Yohann , Almar Ylènia , Drzewiecki Peter A. , Moragas Mar , Bover‐Arnal Telm , Macchiavelli Chiara , Wright Wayne , Messager Grégoire , Embry Jean‐Christophe , Hunt David 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIntegration of extensive fieldwork, remote sensing mapping and 3D models from high‐quality drone photographs relates tectonics and sedimentation to define the Jurassic–early Albian diapiric evolution of the N–S Miravete anticline, the NW‐SE Castel de Cabra anticline and the NW‐SE Cañada Vellida ridge in the Maestrat Basin (Iberian Ranges, Spain). The pre shortening diapiric structures are defined by well‐exposed and unambiguous halokinetic geometries such as hooks and flaps, salt walls and collapse normal faults. These were developed on Triassic salt‐bearing deposits, previously misinterpreted because they were hidden and overprinted by the Alpine shortening. The Miravete anticline grew during the Jurassic and Early Cretaceous and was rejuvenated during Cenozoic shortening. Its evolution is separated into four halokinetic stages, including the latest Alpine compression. Regionally, the well‐exposed Castel de Cabra salt anticline and Cañada Vellida salt wall confirm the widespread Jurassic and Early Cretaceous diapiric evolution of the Maestrat Basin. The NE flank of the Cañada Vellida salt wall is characterized by hook patterns and by a 500‐m‐long thin Upper Jurassic carbonates defining an upturned flap, inferred as the roof of the salt wall before NE‐directed salt extrusion. A regional E‐W cross section through the Ababuj, Miravete and Cañada‐Benatanduz anticlines shows typical geometries of salt‐related rift basins, partly decoupled from basement faults. These structures could form a broader diapiric region still to be investigated. In this section, the Camarillas and Fortanete minibasins displayed well‐developed bowl geometries at the onset of shortening. The most active period of diapiric growth in the Maestrat Basin occurred during the Early Cretaceous, which is also recorded in the Eastern Betics, Asturias and Basque‐Cantabrian basins. This period coincides with the peak of eastward drift of the Iberian microplate, with speeds of 20 mm/year. The transtensional regime is interpreted to have played a role in diapiric development.
Leave it in the ground? Oil sands development under carbon pricing
Authors: Bošković Branko , Leach Andrew 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWe evaluate the impact of internalizing the carbon emissions externality on new oil sands projects. Using data from recent oil sands projects and estimates of both the social costs of carbon and carbon prices consistent with meeting global climate change targets, we estimate the potential impact of action on climate change on the economic viability of oil sands investments. Our results indicate that oil sands are a marginal resource before they incur any carbon costs. Incorporating carbon costs, we find that the viability of oil sands depends on the coverage of carbon pricing across the life cycle emissions from oil sands and on the equilibrium incidence of carbon prices on producers. We show an important interaction between resource royalties and carbon charges that implies that the impact carbon pricing depends on not only the stringency and coverage of the carbon price but also its point of application of a carbon price. Finally, we explore the potential for technological change to mitigate the impacts of carbon pricing on oil sands investment viability.
Alcohol labelling rules in free trade agreements: Advancing the industry's interests at the expense of the public's health
Authors: Gleeson Deborah , O'Brien Paula 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIntroduction and AimsThe Trans‐Pacific Partnership Agreement (TPP) included novel rules for wine and spirits requiring parties to allow wine and spirits importers to display information required by the importing country on a supplementary label rather than on the standard label. Since the TPP negotiations concluded, alcohol‐specific supplementary labelling rules have begun to appear in other trade agreements. The aim of this paper was to map the new instruments containing these rules and examine developments in the rules with implications for health information on alcohol containers.Design and MethodsTrade agreements signed after the TPP negotiations concluded were retrieved and searched for alcohol‐specific labelling provisions. A legal analysis of these provisions and related exceptions was undertaken.ResultsSupplementary labelling rules similar or identical to those in the TPP have been included in five subsequent trade agreements. The United States–Mexico–Canada Agreement also includes several additional provisions about alcohol labelling. Exceptions in the agreements provide some space for governments to defend labelling measure that might otherwise breach the rules, in the event of a dispute.Discussion and ConclusionsBy securing these rules, the alcohol industry is better positioned to claim the space on the standard label as industry ‘real estate’ and to oppose mandatory health information incorporated into the standard labelling. These risks can be mitigated by stemming the adoption of supplementary labelling rules in further trade agreements; clarifying the text of agreements and ensuring that regulators understand that the rules do not prevent the use of ‘best‐practice’ warning labels.
Safety of dapagliflozin in a broad population of patients with type 2 diabetes: Analyses from the DECLARE‐TIMI 58 study
Authors: Cahn Avivit , Raz Itamar , Bonaca Marc , Mosenzon Ofri , Murphy Sabina A. , Yanuv Ilan , Rozenberg Aliza , Wilding John P. H. , Bhatt Deepak L. , McGuire Darren K. , Gause‐Nilsson Ingrid A. M. , Fredriksson Martin , Johansson Peter A. , Jermendy Gyorgy , Hadjadj Samy , Langkilde Anna Maria , Sabatine Marc S. , Wiviott Stephen D. , Leiter Lawrence A. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAimsTo evaluate comprehensively the safety of dapagliflozin in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM), with emphasis placed on potential safety concerns related to the sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2 inhibitor class.MethodsIn the Dapagliflozin Effect on Cardiovascular Events – Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction 58 (DECLARE‐TIMI 58) study, 17 160 patients with T2DM were randomized to dapagliflozin or placebo and followed for a median of 4.2 years. Safety was evaluated in 17 143 patients receiving at least one dose of study drug.ResultsAcute kidney injury occurred less frequently with dapagliflozin, and adverse events suggestive of volume depletion were balanced between treatment groups, both irrespective of baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate, blood pressure, diuretic or loop diuretic use (interaction P values >0.05). Fractures and malignancies were balanced between the groups, irrespective of sex, diabetes duration or smoking (interaction P values >0.05) and fewer cases of bladder cancer occurred in the dapagliflozin versus the placebo group. Diabetic ketoacidosis was very rare, but more frequent with dapagliflozin versus placebo (27 vs. 12 patients with events; P = 0.02), yet signs, symptoms and contributing factors were similar in the two groups. Major hypoglycaemia occurred less frequently with dapagliflozin versus placebo, regardless of baseline use of either insulin or sulphonylureas (interaction P values >0.05). There were more adverse events of genital infections leading to discontinuation of study drug in the dapagliflozin versus the placebo group, but serious genital infections were few and balanced between treatment groups. Urinary tract infections, acute pyelonephritis and urosepsis were also balanced between treatment groups.ConclusionsDapagliflozin was well tolerated. The long duration and large number of patient‐years in DECLARE‐TIMI 58 comprehensively addressed previous safety questions, confirming the robust safety profile of dapagliflozin.
Impact of global longitudinal strain on left ventricular remodeling and clinical outcome in patients with ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)
Authors: Tawfik Wael , El‐Sherif Amr , Bendary Ahmed , Mahros Mohammed , Salem Mohamed 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundPredicting left ventricle (LV) remodeling is important for outcome prediction in patients with ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Novel echocardiographic techniques may be beneficial for those patients.ObjectivesWe hypothesized that the semiautomated calculation of baseline global longitudinal strain (GLS) can predict LV remodeling and 6‐month clinical outcomes in these patients.MethodsDuring the period from March to December 2018, 130 patients with successful reperfusion of STEMI were prospectively included. Within 48 hours, patients underwent a baseline GLS study with follow‐up study at 6 months. Patients were divided into two groups: group I: patients who showed adverse LV remodeling and group II: patients who did not. The endpoint was a composite of cardiovascular mortality, readmission due to heart failure, and urgent revascularization.ResultsThe mean baseline GLS changed from −13.1 ± 3.5% for group I and −16.8 ± 3.1% for group II, to −10.2 ± 4.7% and −12.6 ± 3.1%, respectively, at 6‐month follow‐up. ROC analysis demonstrated a cutoff value of baseline GLS > −12.5% predicted LV remodeling with 64.5% sensitivity and 89% specificity (AUC 0.797, 95% CI 0.690‐0.904). Multivariate logistic regression analysis model using 6‐month MACEs occurrence as a dependent factor showed baseline GLS value> −12.5% to be the only significant independent predictor MACEs occurrence (OR 0.704, 95% CI 0.597‐0.829, P < .001). Linear regression analysis showed that for every point estimate deterioration of baseline GLS, there was a significant corresponding 2.55 mL increase in LVEDV at 6‐month follow‐up (CI −4.501 to −0.612, P = .01).ConclusionGLS measurement can predict remodeling and adverse clinical events in STEMI patients.
Benefits of living underground: the case of parasite release in the antlionMyrmeleon timidus
Authors: Gálvez Dumas , Garrido Milagro , Gil Fermín , Fernández‐Marín Hermógenes 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe omnipresence of pathogens makes them a strong selective pressure for most organisms, generating a variety of defensive responses to fight them. One mechanism by which organisms can release this pressure is avoidance of the pathogens in a spatial or temporal context. To date, only a few biological systems provide evidence that habitat selection can favour an escape from pathogens. An abiotic factor that varies across habitats and influences the evolution of host life history is humidity, which correlates positively with pathogen levels in the environment. Entomopathogenic fungi are abundant in soils and are obligate killers that require humidity for host infection. Antlions (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae) are typical soil‐dwelling insects that can live several years as larvae, buried in dry and fine substrates where they build their traps. This lifestyle may release them from selective pressure by entomopathogenic fungi. Here, we investigated whether living underground provides protection against the generalist entomopathogenic fungusBeauveria bassiana(Bals.‐Criv.) Vuill. in the antlionMyrmeleon timidusGerstaecker under low or high humidity in the environment. Individuals that were inoculated with the fungus showed greater survival rates when buried in dry sand compared to individuals that were kept half‐buried or without sand, with similar outcomes across humidity levels. Given that the diversity of antlions is higher in arid environments, this benefit obtained from pit‐building behaviour seems to be a coincidental by‐product of this foraging strategy, which would be particularly beneficial in environments where fungal pathogens are common.
Effect of fermentation on immunological properties of allergens from black carp (Mylopharyngodon piceus) sausages
Authors: Zhu Yidan , Gao Ling , Xie Guojin , Yang Fang , Gao Pei , Yu Dawei , Yu Peipei , Jiang Qixing , Xu Yanshun , Xia Wenshui 
Published: April 2020

SummaryThe increased fish consumption correlates with increased hypersensitive reactions, which can reduce consumer's living quality. Therefore, the reduction by fish allergens by new technologies is important. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different starter cultures, fermentation process and additives used in fermentation on immunological properties of fish allergens. The results showed that fermentation with Lactobacillus plantarum reduced the IgG‐ and IgE‐binding capacity (39.71 ± 6.18% and 76.12 ± 4.73%, respectively) the most, compared with Staphylococcus xylosus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and the reduction rate was the highest atthe end of fermentation and an incubation concentration at 1.5% (v/w). A change in the NaCl content affected immunological properties of fish allergenic proteins during fermentation, while a change in glucose had less impact. In conclusion, fermentation can be used to reduce the immunological propertis of fish allergens due to structural changes in proteins caused by enzymatic hydrolysis, acidity or ion strength.
Mesurer ce qui importe et éclairer l'action: l'indicateur de progrès véritable au banc d'essai
Authors: BERIK Günseli 
Published: April 2020

RésuméL'indicateur de progrès véritable (IPV) a été conçu pour estimer les performances économiques, évaluer les effets des propositions politiques et aborder les préoccupations d'aujourd‘hui en matière de bien‐être, ce que ne permet pas le PIB. Actuellement, l'IPV apparaît comme un tableau de bord pour suivre l‘évolution des variables qui le composent, mais ne permet pas d'analyse transnationale. Il sera calculable selon une méthodologie normalisée lorsque certains problèmes de données auront été résolus et qu'un consensus sera réalisé sur l'IPV 2.0. Mais c'est surtout le manque de volonté politique et de soutien institutionnel qui fait principalement obstacle à la généralisation de son utilisation.
Tape casting and characterizations of MgO ceramics
Authors: Chen Ching‐Fong , Baker Timothy J. , Synowicki Ron , Tegtmeier Eric L. , Forsyth Robert T. , Bissell Ashley L. , Orlowski Alex G. , Christopher James M. , Savrun Ender 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACTWe report a high density MgO ceramic substrate produced by the tape casting technology. The tape casting formulation and process produced a uniform tape free of cracking. Y2O3 and SiO2 were used as the sintering aid for the pressureless sintering of the green tape. X‐ray diffraction phase identification indicates that MgO is the main phase, while both Y2O3 and SiO2 sintering aids react with MgO to form MgY4Si3O13 as the second phase. Liquid phase sintering occurs in the temperature range from 1030°C to ~1500°C, which is confirmed by the simultaneous Thermal Gravitation Analysis/Differential Scanning Calorimeter (TGA/DSC) and the percent linear shrinkage and densification. A 96.5% theoretical density was achieved by presureless sintering at 1650°C for 2 hours, which was further increased to a fully dense structure using hot‐isostatic‐pressing(HIP) at 1650°C and 207 MPa in argon. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive(EDS) spectroscopic analysis on the HIP’ed sample show that MgY4Si3O13is located at the MgO grain boundary and the sample has a fully dense structure. The refractive indices and extinction coefficient were measured on the HIP’ed sample along with thermal properties and dielectric properties. Thermal diffusivity and heat capacity were measured to calculate the thermal conductivity.
Habitat suitability modelling to predict the spatial distribution of cold‐water coral communities affected by the Deepwater Horizon oil spill
Authors: Georgian Samuel E. , Kramer Kody , Saunders Miles , Shedd William , Roberts Harry , Lewis Christopher , Fisher Chuck , Cordes Erik 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAimThe Deepwater Horizon disaster resulted in the largest accidental marine oil spill in history and caused extensive injury to deep‐sea habitats, including cold‐water coral communities dominated by Paramuricea species. One of the primary difficulties in assessing the full extent of the injury to cold‐water coral ecosystems is the extreme paucity of observational data and the subsequent lack of knowledge of their distribution within the affected region. The aim of this study was to use habitat suitability modelling to estimate the number of potentially affected Paramuricea sp. corals across the northern Gulf of Mexico.LocationNorthern Gulf of Mexico.TaxonCold‐water corals in the genus Paramuricea.MethodsHigh‐resolution (12.5 m) models were built using the maximum entropy (Maxent) approach using remotely sensed data including seafloor topography, seismic reflectivity, temperature and the amount of productivity exported from the surface. Model outputs were used to estimate the number of potential coral sites in the northern Gulf of Mexico, delineated as areas with both high habitat suitability scores and the presence of hard substrate. The number of coral sites was further adjusted using a ground‐truthing procedure using autonomous underwater vehicle‐transect data.ResultsAcross the entire study area in the northern Gulf of Mexico, there were 558 predicted coral sites, covering an area of 14.2 km2. Within a 2,291 km2 region shown to have been directly affected by the spill and subsequent oil plume, there were 66 predicted coral sites covering an area of 1.2 km2 with an average of 63 corals per site.Main ConclusionsOur results indicate that the magnitude of injury stemming from the spill was likely far higher than previously known, and will help quantify the full extent of the losses incurred as well as prioritize disturbed areas for future research and restoration efforts.
Discordant phylogenetic endemism patterns in a recently diversified Brassicaceae lineage from the Atacama Desert: When choices in phylogenetics and species distribution information matter
Authors: Toro‐Núñez Oscar , Lira‐Noriega Andrés 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAimPhylogenetic endemism (PE), which combines phylogenetic diversity (PD) and range size distributions of co‐occurring taxa, has become a useful approach for the identification of geographical hotspots using evolutionary history in conservation. However, potential limitations could preclude a general assessment of PE, especially in the presence of incongruent phylogenetic signals and the use of different estimates of species distribution at fine spatial scales. Here, we assess the utility of using PE in a recently diversified plant tribe.LocationAtacama Desert, Argentina, Chile, and Peru.TaxonSchizopetalae tribe from the mustard plant family of Brassicaceae.MethodsWe assessed PD and PE to determine whether incongruent phylogenetic trees derived from nuclear and chloroplast DNA and different estimates of species distribution based on species distribution modelling (SDM) and minimum convex polygons (MCP) impact the location of PE hotspots.ResultsResults show negligible influence from discordant phylogenetic signal between gene trees on PE estimates. Instead, the choice of the summary of species' range (i.e. SDM or MCP) has greater influence on the location of PE hotspots.Main conclusionsDespite the observed discrepancies, results of PE are sufficiently congruent to support the use of this index in conservation‐related analyses for the Atacama Desert flora. Nonetheless, further analyses are recommended to determine and contextualize the impacts of phylogenetic incongruence and species distributional estimates on PE, especially when other scenarios involving larger spatial and taxonomic sampling scales remain unexplored.