bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Results of a Sociological Survey on the Needs of Drug Safety Monitoring Specialists for Information on the Creation of the Pharmacovigilance System Master File
Authors: Goloenko N. G. , Yagudina R. I. , Kulikov A. Yu. , Serpik V. G. , Protsenko M. V. , Karapetyan D. G. 
Published: June 2020

The Rules of Good Pharmacovigilance Practice of the Eurasian Economic Union oblige developers and marketing authorisation holders to implement a pharmacovigilance system that has to be described in the pharmacovigilance system master file (PSMF). Analysis of public sources revealed lack of data describing the creation of a PSMF. Therefore, the creation of a PSMF and keeping it up to date may prove challenging for pharmacovigilance specialists.The aim of the study was to identify information needs of pharmacovigilance specialists by carrying out a sociological survey.Materials and methods: the authors used information analysis methods (review and analysis of regulatory documents and scientific literature) and sociological methods (a questionnaire for pharmacovigilance specialists).Results: the analysis helped to identify the following master file sections that present problems for specialists: sources of safety data; annexes to the master file; quality system; changes in the pharmacovigilance system that may result in an additional request from the competent authorities, etc.Conclusions: the authors identified the most relevant topics for additional training: “Pharmacovigilance system documents” and “Pharmacovigilance system master file”. The results of the study are helpful for elaboration and updating of additional training programmes for pharmacovigilance specialists.
Application of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences for identifying Anoectochilus setaceus Blume in Thanh Hoa, Vietnam
Authors: Thinh B. B. , Chac L. D. , Thu L. T.M. 
Published: June 2020

Background. The term “DNA barcode” is used extensively in molecular taxonomy. Basically, this technique is based on the use of a DNA sequence (about 400–800 bp) as a standard to identify and determine the species relation of organisms quickly and accurately. Therefore, DNA barcodes not only help taxonomists in classifying and identifying species, but also improve their ability to control, understand and utilize biodiversity. In this study, the authors conducted identification of samples of Anoectochilus setaceus Blume collected in Thanh Hoa through the isolated sequence of ITS gene regions.Materials and methods. Total DNA was extracted from young leaves of A. setaceus samples using CTAB method. The ITS gene segment was amplified by PCR and sequenced. This genetic sequence was analyzed, compared and used to establish a phylogenetic tree using BioEdit, BLAST and DNASTAR programs.Results and conclusion. We isolated 4 sequences of the ITS gene region in 4 A. setaceus samples collected at Xuan Lien and Pu Luong of Thanh Hoa province; the ITS gene region was 667 nucleotide long. The findings identified the samples as the same species and showed 99% similarity to the ITS gene sequence of A. roxburghii (Wall.) Lindl. published in GenBank, GQ328774. This study also demonstrates that the method employing internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences is an effective tool to identify A. setaceus taxa.
Worldwide gene pool of fiber flax at VIR, and breeding of rust-resistant varieties
Authors: Kutuzova S. N. , Porokhovinova E. A. , Brutch N. B. , Pavlov A. V. 
Published: June 2020

Background. There are strict requirements for a modern flax cultivar. It must have a whole set of valuable characters, including rust resistance.Materials and methods. The flax collection of 2485 accessions held by VIR was evaluated using artificial provocative infection.Results. Almost all domestic and foreign accessions and varieties collected before 1957 were highly or extremely susceptible to rust. Five Russian kryazhs1 and cv. ‘GDS-3’ developed at VIR were found to retain rust resistance up to the present moment. Lines derived from them and from three foreign varieties, with an identified number of the original effective R genes, were submitted to breeders. Nineteen donors with a set of economically useful traits, analogous to cvs. ‘Orshansky 2’ and ‘Prizyv 81’ and carrying the same genes, were produced and distributed to breeders. The VIR collection holds 10 donors of rust resistance with high fiber content developed at the All-Russian Research Institute of Flax. Some donors of resistance to other diseases released by the same Institute also possess high rust resistance, thus forming a rich stock of source material. The first cultivar relatively resistant to rust (‘L-1120’) was released in 1951. Possessing polygenic resistance, it was also resistant to Fusarium wilt and lodging, so it was widely used for breeding other cultivars with similar characteristics. As their cultivation expanded, the harvest losses caused by rust dropped. The first rust-resistant cultivar with oligogenic resistance (‘Tomsky 16’) appeared in 1990. By now, many cultivars protected by R genes of rust resistance have been developed. They combine this trait with resistance to Fusarium and lodging, high yield, and high fiber content. Flax rust incidence is not a problem anymore.Conclusion. Plant breeders have at their disposal a rich stock of source material preserved in the VIR collection to produce resistant flax cultivars. The use of rust resistance donors in hybridization cannot disrupt the most important properties of a cultivar.
Effectiveness of the barley cultivar ‘Bios 1’ as source material for breeding
Authors: Zhilin N. A. , Zaytseva I. Yu. , Shchennikova I. N. , Emelev S. A. 
Published: June 2020

Background. The efficiency of breeding depends largely on the breeding method and the choice of the source material. Hybridization and mutagenesis, combined with selection, are the basic techniques in the development of promising breeding materials and adaptable cultivars of spring barley.Object and methods. The research was implemented in 2002–2019. The material for the research were 948 breeding lines (Federal Agricultural Science Center of the North-East, Kirov) developed through hybridization with cv. ‘Bios 1’, and 190 mutant samples (Vyatka State Agricultural Academy, Kirov) obtained as a result of treating barley seeds with sodium carbonate and irradiation with laser and far-red light in various combinations. The study was conducted in accordance with approved standard techniques.Results and conclusions. Various collection accessions and breeding lines were involved in crosses with cv. ‘Bios 1’. The lines were studied according to the full-scale scheme of the breeding process. As a result, only one breeding line, 52-15, having ‘Bios 1’ in its pedigree, was approved for testing in the competitive variety trial in 2019. These results attested to a low combination capacity of cv. ‘Bios 1’ and to the inefficiency of its further use in hybridization as a parent form. In Vyatka State Agricultural Academy, 190 mutant forms of barley were produced using ‘Bios 1’ as the initial form. According to the results of laboratory experiments and competitive variety trials, 5 mutant forms of barley were identified as promising. Spring barley samples, combining high yield with a set of traits valuable for breeding, were selected for further breeding work: breeding line 52-15, and mutant forms M 4-16-3, M 9-5-3 and M 11- 13 Kha. The new barley accession M 8-3-013, maturing 8 days earlier than the original cultivar, having a long (8.9 cm), wellgrained (24.3 grains) and productive (1.31 g) ear, is submitted for the State Variety Trials.
Study of cord blood albumin as a predictor of neonatal jaundice
Authors: Sapkota Pabitra , Gami Fakir Chandra 
Published: June 2020

Background: Neonatal jaundice is a commonly encountered condition in the neonates during first week of life. Early discharge of healthy term newborns is a common practice, because of the risk of nosocomial infections, social causes like in early naming ceremony, and also due to economical constrains. In significant number of newborns, neonatal hyperbilirubinemiais the most common cause for readmission. There is concern regarding early discharge of healthy term newborns due to reports of bilirubin induced brain damage resulting in sequel like kernicterus .There are reports of bilirubin induced brain damage which occurred in healthy term neonates even without hemolysis and the clinical outcome could be serious. The need for early detection of hyperbilirubinemia in the newborns is therefore important.
Aims and Objective: The objective of the study was to find whether cord blood albumin can be considered as a predictor of neonatal jaundice. The study also explored for any possible associations of different factors like gender, birth weight and mode of delivery with the occurrence of neonatal jaundice.
Materials and Methods: The hospital based cross sectional study enrolled 100 healthy term newborns from August 2016-July 2017. Cord blood was sent for albumin level and blood group estimation. All babies were assessed for clinical jaundice using Krammer criteria and confirmed by estimation of total serum bilirubin level on the fourth day of life.
Results: Correlation of cord blood albumin with the fourth day bilirubin level revealed negative correlation (r value of - 0.455) with p value of 0.000 which was highly significant. However, there was no correlation between cord blood albumin level with total serum bilirubin level of more than 17mg/dl (neonatal hyperbilirubinemia) that required phototherapy or exchange transfusion (p value of >0.005). Similarly, the study found no statistically significant association of neonatal jaundice with gender, weight and mode of delivery of the neonates.
Conclusion: Cord blood albumin can be a risk factor rather than a diagnostic tool which can give a clue to possibility of high bilirubin level during neonatal period. There was no statistical significance seen between cord blood albumin level with total serum bilirubin level of ≥ 17mg/dl (neonatal hyperbilirubinemia) that required phototherapy or exchange transfusion.
Low Dose Computed Tomography in Diagnosis of Ureteric Calculus in Obese Patients
Authors: Gautam Mahesh , Ullah Aziz , Pathak Manish Raj 
Published: June 2020

Background: Standard dose computed tomography is standard imaging modality in diagnosis of urolithiasis. The introduction of low dose techniques results in decrease radiation dose without significant change in image quality. However, the image quality of low dose computed tomography is affected by skin fold thickness and subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue. The aim of this study to evaluate stone location, size, and density using low dose computed tomography compared with standard dose computed tomography in obese population.
Material and Methods: This non-randomized non-inferiority trial includes 120 patient having BMI≥25kg/m2 with acute ureteric colic. The low dose and standard dose computed tomography were performed accordingly. Effective radiation doses were calculated from dose-length product obtained from scan report using conversion factor of 0.015. The images were reconstructed using iterative reconstruction algorithm. Effective dose, number and size of stone, Hounsfield Unit value of stone and image quality was assessed.
Results: Stones were located in 69 (57.5%) in right and 51 (42.5%) in left ureter. There was no statistical difference in mean diameter, number and density of stones in low dose as compared with standard dose. The radiation dose was significantly lower with low dose. (3.68 mSv) The delineation of the ureter, outline of the stones and image quality in low dose was overall sufficient for diagnosis. No images of low dose scan were subjectively rated as non-diagnostics.
Conclusion: Low dose computed tomography with iterative reconstruction technique is as effective as standard dose in diagnosis of ureteric stones in obese patients with lower effective radiation dose.
The Influencing Role of Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension in the Establishment of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
Authors: Shah Ram Sagar , Tamang Rabindra 
Published: June 2020

Background: Benign prostatic hyperplasia is regarded as non-malignant growth of prostatic tissueIt is the most common benign tumor in men, and the incidence is age related. In men aged more than 50 years, it is the fourth most prevalent disease. This study aim to determine the association of benign prostatic hyperplasia with diabetes mellitus and/or hypertension and this may help to bring out new dimensions in management of benign prostatic hyperplasia, hypertension and diabetes mellitus.
Materials and Methods: Five hundred forty patients, diagnosed as benign enlargement of prostate with control group 270 at Urology out patient door between May 2018 to February 2019 with approval of Institutional review committee, were included. Patient with history of prostate cancer, neurogenic bladder, those who had undergone surgical intervention for prostate, not willing to take part in study were excluded.
Results: Age range in cases and control were from 41–94 years. Diabetes was present in 14.63% of cases and 11.85% of controls. The positive association was established between prostatic hyperplasia and Diabetes (P-0.27). Hypertension was present in 37.96% of cases and 29.63% of controls (P-0.019). Diabetes and Hypertension were present in 56.48% in cases and 43.33% in control (P-0.000).
Conclusion: Study suggests that benign prostatic hyperplasia is associated with diabetes mellitus and hypertension and may help to bring out new dimensions in management of benign prostatic hyperplasia.
Stronnictwo Demokratyczne w świetle teorii demokracji Giovanniego Sartoriego. Analiza politologiczna w ujęciu systemowym
Authors: Schupke Stanisław 
Published: June 2020

W niniejszym artykule na podstawie przeanalizowanego materiału badawczego została podjęta próba naukowego odniesienia problematyki systemu i struktury partii politycznej (na przykładzie Stronnictwa Demokratycznego) do teorii demokracji Giovanniego Sartoriego. W konsekwencji tak przyjętego założenia badawczego należy uznać, że przemiany polskiego systemu partyjnego dokonywały się pod wpływem ideowym dyskursu (także naukowego) dotyczącego demokracji liberalnej. Poza tym w początkowym okresie kształtowania się polskiego systemu partyjnego po wydarzeniach 1989 roku polskie partie polityczne ustosunkowywały się do demokracji i procesu demokratyzacji w ujęciu idealistycznym i wyidealizowanym. Ujęcie to stało się źródłem rozbudowanych rozwiązań normatywnych i wzorców zachowań (na płaszczyźnie gospodarczej, politycznej i społecznej), często bardzo trudnych do zrealizowania w polskiej praktyce politycznej. W tym kontekście obecność Stronnictwa Demokratycznego w polskim systemie partyjnym stała się elementem tożsamości tak rozumianego systemu partyjnego/politycznego Polski, zgodnie z regułą ciągłości i zmiany, o charakterze funkcjonalnym i dysfunkcjonalnym.
The Influence of Melt-Mixing Conditions and State of Dispersion on Crystallisation, Rheology and Mechanical Properties of PCL/Sepiolite Nanocomposites
Authors: Eriksson M. , Meuwissen M. , Peijs T. , Goossens H. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
It is generally accepted that the benefit of anisotropic nanofiller addition is strongly dependent on the state of the dispersion of these fillers in a polymer matrix. In this paper the influence of melt-compounding conditions on the dispersion of a needle-like clay, i. e. sepiolite, in poly(∊-caprolactone) (PCL) is investigated. The crystallisation behavior as well as the rheological and mechanical properties of PCL/sepiolite nanocomposites with filler contents up to 5 wt.% are studied. By changing the screw speed during melt-mixing in a micro-compounder, the state of dispersion was varied, with the higher speed leading to better dispersion and breakdown of the sepiolite agglomerates or bundles. Rheometry showed that better dispersed nanocomposites displayed an increase in viscosity due to network formation at slightly higher filler loadings. Likewise, better dispersed composites showed a modest increase in crystallisation temperature at low filler content, accompanied by a decrease in both nucleation efficiency and degree of crystallisation at higher loadings. Better dispersed nanocomposite systems also showed superior mechanical properties, particularly at higher filler loadings. However, overall the reinforcing efficiency of sepiolite in all nanocomposites was relatively low. This was mainly a consequence of the relatively low filler aspect ratio and the simultaneous breakup of sepiolite needles together with a breakdown of bundles during compounding.
Utilisation of Waste Plantain (Musa Paradisiaca) Peels and Waste Polystyrene in the Development of Reinforced Polymer Composites
Authors: Adeniyi A. G. , Abdulkareem S. A. , Ighalo J. O. , Onifade D. V. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Plantain (Musa paradisiaca) is a widely cultivated plant in Nigeria which generates lots of residues (such as its peels) during its consumption. This study investigated the tensile, microstructural and moisture absorption properties of plantain peel reinforced polystyrene composites. The filler composition was varied between 0 wt% and 40 wt% and all analyses were done as per ASTM standards. The force at break and Young's modulus increased with increasing filler content and had maximum values of 405 N and 380 MPa respectively. The elongation at break point of plantain peel powder reinforced bio-composite reduced with increase in filler content, indicating that the biomass fillers led to a reduction in the deformability of the composites due to a poor transfer of stress at the weak fiber-plastic interphase. It was furthermore observed that composites with higher filler content were more susceptible to moisture diffusivity due to the hydrophilic nature of the filler powder. Microstructural analysis revealed that a more uniform distribution of the plantain fiber occurs at 40% fiber content compared to those of higher filler content.
Investigating the organizational struture and human resources participating in composing the legal documents of the Second Republic of Vietnam (1967-1975)
Authors: Ly Nguyen Thi 
Published: June 2020

Building and completing the legal documents is an important mission of all of the authorities to administer and manage the countries. The first thing to do is to shape an organizational structure and human resources which can carry out the mission. Recognizing that problem, there was much attention paid to the mission under the regime of the Second Republic of South Vietnam. The government of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (RVN) took many actions to strengthen and consolidate the system of the professional bodies relating to building the system of regulations. Moreover, in order to improve the quality of the personnel involved in the mission’s implementation, the government also set out specific methods to train and foster their professional skills and qualification. Therefore, it lead to the step-by-step changes, which went towards making it more effective and professional, in organizational system and the quality of human resources who drafted and promulgated the legal documents of the Second Republic of South Vietnam. Although the RVN regime collapsed, it provided historical experience from which we can learn and then utilize in constructing the better legal documents nowadays. The article aims to analyze and clarify the struture of professional organization and the training courses provided for the civil servant participating in building the legal documents during the regime of the Second Republic of South Viet Nam (1967-1975).
PEMANFAATAN LABORATORIUM MAYA VERSI ANDROID UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP SUDUT
Authors: Martiningsih Raden Roro 
Published: June 2020

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kurangnya pemahaman peserta didik dalam materi sudut di kelas VIII E SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Surabaya. Hal ini disebabkan guru kurang tepat dalam memilih media pembelajaran yang digunakan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pemahaman konsep sudut menggunakan laboratorium maya versi android. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan dua siklus, di mana setiap siklus diawali dengan perencanaan, tindakan, observasi, dan refleksi. Subyek penelitian adalah peserta didik kelas VIII E SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Surabaya tahun pelajaran 2018/2019 dengan jumlah peserta didik 36 orang. Data dalam penelitian ini berupa penilaian proses yang diperoleh dari peserta didik dalam beraktivitas dan penilaian pada akhir siklus. Kemudian, data dianalisis untuk memperoleh gambaran tentang berhasil tidaknya pembelajaran yang telah dilakukan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan hasil belajar peserta didik dalam memahami konsep sudut setelah belajar menggunakan laboratorium maya versi android pada siklus pertama dengan teman sebangku dan laboratorium maya versi android secara individu pada siklus kedua. Indikasi peningkatan hasil belajar didasarkan pada perolehan nilai pada siklus pertama dan siklus kedua.Â The background of this research is the less mastery of Grade VIII E Junior High School students of Muhammadiyah 1 Surabaya on Mathematical concept of angle. It is caused by the selection of learning media to be used in the classroom. The objective of this research is to improve the studentsâ€™ understanding on mathematical concept of anglesby using virtual laboratory of android version. This research isconducted in two cycles and each cycle begins with planning, action, observation, and reflection. The sample of this research is 36 students of Grade VIII E Junior High School students of Muhammadiyah 1 Surabaya in 2018/2019 school year.The data collected in this study is based on the process assessment obtained from the students learning activities and assessment at the end of each cycle. Then, the data is analyzed to obtain an overview of the success or failure of the learning that has been conducted. The result shows that there is an increase in the studentsâ€™ learning achievement inunderstanding the mathematical concept of angles after having learned the use of (1) virtual laboratory of android version in the first cycle with peer; and (2) virtual laboratory of android version individually in the second cycle. The indicatoion of learning achievement increase is based on the scores at the first and second cycles.
MODEL PERSEDIAAN UNTUK PEMBELIAN MULTI-ITEM PADA SUPPLIER TUNGGAL MELALUI PURCHASING CONSORTIUM PADA PENGELOLA TAMBAK
Authors: Rahmawati Nur 
Published: June 2020

Purchasing Consortium (PC) adalah bergabungnya dua atau lebih organisasi dengan badan hukum terpisah baik secara sendiri, maupun melalui pihak ketiga melalui pembagian dan atau penyatuan volume pembelian, informasi, dan resources yang dimiliki. Tujuan dari penggabungan tersebut adalah untuk dapat meningkatkan bargaining power, sehingga diperoleh harga beli barang atau jasa yang lebih murah dari supplier. Penelitian ini mencoba melakukan permodelan untuk dapat meminimumkan total biaya tahunan, pada beberapa buyer yang melakukan pembelian multi item melalui PC pada supplier tunggal yang menawarkan skema diskon tetap.
Dalam penelitian ini digunakan metode analitis untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan dengan menggunakan pendekatan optimasi. Dari hasil percobaan numerik diperoleh hasil bahwa dengan melakukan pembelian melalui PC, total biaya yang dihasilkan lebih baik bila dibandingkan dengan pembelian tanpa melalui PC.