bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Land cover change analysis of Besitang watershed
Authors: Suharso  , Delvian  , Slamet B 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Besitang watershed is part of some watershed in Langkat Regency. Watershed area has many important functions for the area itself and the surrounding. Land cover and use should properly so the function of the watershed could be maintained. The research was done to find out the change of land cover between year 2008 and 2018 in Besitang Watershed of Langkat. Supervised classification was done to Landsat images of those years. There are 8 land cover classes which are forest, mangrove, water body, bare land, settlement, plantation, shrub and fishpond. In year 2008 the largest area in Besitang Watershed is forest which is 34,730.63 ha or 35.99% of the area. The largest land cover area in 2018 is plantation with the area of 39,928.31 ha or 41.38%. There is a decrease of mangrove area between year 2008 and 2018 in 5.86%. The largest conversion of mangrove is into plantation. The change of mangrove into other land uses should be evaluated in relation with its condition and functions.
Farmers’ Response to Economic Benefits of Integrated Farming
Authors: Maulana M , Tarigan H 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The availability of abundant cattle waste in a village is an important factor for implementing organic paddy farming practice. The utilization of cattle waste in SRI practice, biogas and worm cultivation increase farmers’ income but this issue is not informed well to farmes because traditionally agricultural extention agent focused on delivering cropping techniques than economic advantages. The objective of this study is to assess farmers’ response to the possibility of inserting the information about the economic benefits of integrating SRI, biogas, and worm cultivation in the SRI extension program, The respondents were conventional farmers in Boyolali District and using added value and farmers’ response concept. There are three activities in this research namely obtaining added value throughout biogas value chain, presenting the added value to farmers, and receiving farmers’ response. The results shows in three parts of biogas value chain increase farmers’ economic benefits from 974.000 IDR/year to 5.18 million IDR/year. Conventional farmers give high positive response to the integration of implementing SRI and following biogas project and receiving added value from installing biogas digester. However, farmers give low response to cultivate worm due to unstable demand and its price volatilization.
Environment (Year and Season of Birth) Effects on First-Lactation Milk Yield of Dairy Cows
Authors: Susanto A , Hakim L , Suyadi  , Nurgiartiningsih V M A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Nutritional status (protein and energy) during early life has important effect on milk yield of dairy cows. Feed quantity and quality is often influenced by season representing the fluctuation of water supply which is essential for plants including forage. The aim of the present study was to analyse the effect of year and season of birth on first-lactation milk yield of Holstein Friesian cows. The data included 1005 records of first-lactation daily recorded milk yield available in National Breeding Centre for Dairy Cows and Forages of Baturraden (the so-called BBPTUHPT Baturraden) database. The milk yield was recorded within the years of 2004 to 2014. Milk yield data were adjusted to 305 standard days of milking using multiplicative-local correction factor. Animals’ date of birth was grouped divided into years and months of birth. Months of birth were assigned into: (1) traditional-two season categorization (wet and dry), (2) extended-categorization of three seasons (wet, wet-dry and dry), (3) extended-categorization of four seasons (wet, wet-dry, dry and dry-wet). The effect of date of birth factor on first-lactation milk yield was tested using likelihood ratio test of full and reduced model. The result showed that both years and months of birth have significant effect on first-lactation milk yield, regardless of the season categorization. It is therefore concluded that season plays important role to consider in dairy cattle management and has to be included in genetic analysis to remove non-genetic effect which regards to first-lactation milk yield.
Validating Egg Component Proportions in Quail Receiving Methionine Supplementation
Authors: Ratriyanto A , Nurcahyo S , Prastowo S , Widyas N 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Essential amino acid methionine is a methyl donor which involved in protein and fat metabolism; thus, it holds an important role in the synthesis of albumen and egg yolk precursors. This research aimed to observe the effect of methionine on the weight of egg and its components and to prove if egg weight (EW) could be used to predict the albumen weight (AW) and yolk weight (YW). In total, 225 quails were allotted into three treatments and five replicates each with fifteen individuals. The treatments were basal diet (T0), basal diet with methionine supplementationat 0.6 (T1) and 1.2 g/kg (T2). ANOVA was conducted to test the effect of treatments. Simple linear regressions were built to predict AW and YW based on EW. Cross validation procedure was applied to test the predictability of the models. Quails in T2 and T1 produced heavier eggs (9.29±0.52 and 9.04±0.76 g) compared to T0 (8.77±0.55 g). The AW follow similar trends which were 5.37±0.38, 5.53±0.54, 5.75±0.44 g for T2, T1 and T0, respectively. The YW slightly differ where T1 had higher weight (2.64±0.30 g) followed by T2 (2.62±0.27 g) and T0 (2.50±0.32 g). Pearson’s correlation between EW and AW were between 69-87%whereas for EW and YW were between 61-71%. Simple linear regression predicting AW and YW from EW had accuracies between 94.3-96.2% and92.7-94.3%, respectively. Thus, methionine supplementation had significant effect on egg and egg components weights. Linear regression can be utilized to predict AW and YW based on EW with high accuracy.
Adopting Intraclass Correlation Principles to Estimate the Consistency of Egg Production of Quails Supplemented with Metabolic Enhancer
Authors: Widyas N , Prastowo S , Ratriyanto A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Betaine as metabolic enhancer is proven to improve eggs production in poultry. The consistency of the improvement, however, is not yet explored. This study aimed to explore the consistency of quails’ egg production under the influence of betaine supplementation utilizing intraclass correlation approach. In total 225 quails were used and allotted into three treatment groups: T0 (control), T1 (control + 0.06% betaine) and T2 (control + 0.12% betaine). Each treatment was replicated five times with 15 quails each. Egg production data was collected for 2 clutches (2 × 28 days) started after egg production reached 50%. The data was split and averaged into eight consecutive weeks. Linear model resulted in significant difference of egg production mean among treatments which were 66.08±18.39%, 70.55±15.11% and 75.46±14.88% for T0, T1 and T2 respectively (P<0.01).Intraclass correlation within each treatment was used as the measure of egg production consistency. Every replicate was recorded ineight consecutive weeks during the experiment. Results showed that T2 has the highest intraclass correlation (0.88), followed by T1 (0.86) and T0 (0.79). Our findings confirmed that betaine supplementation improve quails’ egg production. We further discover that the improvement obtained during experimental period due to betaine supplementation was more consistent compared to the quails without supplementation.
The Potential Breeding Dans of Cattle at Different Age Based on Body Weight, Chest Circumference and Body Condition Score of Kebumen “Peranakan Ongole” (Po) Cattle in “Urut Sewu” Breeding Areas
Authors: Rofikoh A R , Sumaryadi M Y , Setyaningrum A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This research was aimed to determine the potential breeding dans of cattle at different age based on body weight (BW), chest circumference (CC) and body condition score (BCS) of 440 cattle from 29 breeding groups in Urut Sewu which included Mirit subdistrict, Ambal, Bulus pesantren, Klirong, Petanahan, and Puring subdistrict. The study applied a survey method allocating two age groups: U1 = 18 – 24 months and U2 = >24 – 36 months. The observed variables were BW, CC and BCS. The collected data were subject to an Independent sample test (t-test). The result showed a highly significant difference (P<0.01) between U1 and U2. The average BW, CC, and BCS of Kebumen “Peranakan Ongole” (PO) cattle in U1 were 306.04 ± 67.86 kg, 153.99 ± 11.74 cm and 3.18 ± 0.41, respectively, and in U2 were 368.00 ± 97.79 kg, 163.10 ± 14.38 cm and 3.48 ± 0.58, respectively. The body condition score of Kebumen PO cattle was higher than in the Indonesian National Standard (SNI); therefore, PO cattle had an improved grade as potential germ plasm of indigenous cattle in Indonesia.
Individual Variance Component of Fresh Semen Quality in Bali Cattle (Bos javanicus) Bull
Authors: Prastowo S , Widyas N , Ratriyanto A , Kusuma M S T , Dharmawan P , Setiawan I A , Bachtiar A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Semen quality is an important factor influencing the success of a cattle breeding program, therefore an effort to continuously evaluate semen quality is needed. Indonesia has Bali cattle; it is indigenous, tropically adapted, robust, and has high fertility. Bali cattle need to be developed into meat producer by selecting best traits from bulls and disseminate their sperm through artificial insemination program. To obtain the desired improvement, semen quality became one of the keys to ensure. This study aimed to determine the factor (s) affecting fresh semen quality of Bali cattle bull. In total, 742 ejaculates were collected from nine bulls in 2016-2017 over a 12-month period. Semen was collected twice a week, followed with semen quality evaluation as semen volume (ml), sperm concentration (x106/ml), sperm motility (%), and pH. A linear model was built to obtain the significant fixed factor of season and/or age affecting sperm quality followed by mixed model procedure including individual bulls as random effect to estimate the variance components. The result showed that season didn’t give any effect (p>0.05) in all fresh semen quality observed, while there was a significant effect of age (p<0.05) on volume, sperm concentration and pH. There is no interaction (p>0.05) between season and age in this study. The variance component of individual bulls contributed 71.15, 67.92, 48.22, and 11.76% of the total variance of semen volume, sperm concentration, sperm motility, and pH respectively. This study shows that there is a wide variation of semen quality resulted due to the variation between individual of the Bali cattle bull, which mirroring the diverse of Bali cattle genetic. In bull’s selection as semen source, careful selection and the application of genetic standard need to be concerned.
Adaptability and Productivity of Local Holstein – Frisien Cows in Banyumas Disrict
Authors: Subagyo Y , Wahid M A N , Astuti T Y , Setianto N A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to measure the adaptability and productivity of local dairy cows in Banyumas district. About 29 lactation dairy cows from two groups of dairy farmers in the Baturraden and Sumbang sub-districts of Banyumas district were used in this study. To find out the adaptability is done by measuring the rectal temperature and the frequency of respiration at 06.00 am, 10.00 am and 14.00 am. Milk productivity was measured by measuring milk every day. Measurement of all parameters was carried out for one month. The results showed that there were no significant differences (P> 0.5) between the two sub-districts for all variables, namely: rectal temperature, respiratory frequency, HTC Benezra and Rhoad, and daily milk production. It can be concluded that the adaptability of local Holstein – Frisiendairy cows in Banyumas district is good, while milk production is moderate.
Estimation of Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emission from Livestock Sector by Using ALU Tool: West Java Case Study
Authors: Zuratih  , Widiawati Y 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Livestock sector contributes to the increase of global warming through gas released from enteric fermentation and manure management. National estimation still uses a manual calculation. The aim of this study was to estimate the contribution of greenhouse gas (GHG) emission from livestock sector by using ALU tool version 6.0.1, in West Java Province in year 2016 as the case study. The emission were calculated by using Tier-1 and Tier-2 methodologies. Data used were livestock population and emission factors (EF) of CH4 and N2O of any livestock. The results showed that emission from enteric fermentation was 94.754 Gg CH4/year or 2,368.850 Gg CO2e/year with the highest emission from sheep (50.194 Gg CH4/year or 1,254.850 Gg CO2/year). While emission of CH4 from manure was 6,767 Gg CH4/year or 169,175 Gg CO2e/year with the highest emission from dairy cattle (2,870 Gg CH4/year or 71,750 Gg CO2e/year) and direct N2O emission from manure was 0.366 Gg N2O/year or 109.138 Gg CO2e/year with the highest emission from sheep (0.189 Gg N2O/year or 56.212 Gg CO2e/year). As a conclusion, total emission from the livestock sector in West Java Province was 2,647.163 Gg CO2e/year with the largest emission was from enteric fermentation (2,368.850 Gg CO2e/year). This study suggests that ALU tool is applicable to estimate GHG emission for Livestock in Indonesia with limited data available.
Artificial Neural Network Model to Predict Crude Protein and Crude Fiber from Physical Properties of Feedstuffs
Authors: Sholikin MM , Alifian MD , Purba FM , Jayanegara A , Nahrowi  
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The aim of this research was to build artificial neural networks model to predict crude protein and crude fiber content from physical properties of feedstuffs. The 91 data were obtained from https://repository.ipb.ac.id using keywords, e.g., sifat fisik and pakan. To reduce the dimensional of the data had been transformed. The independent variables consist of specific gravity (SG), bulk density (BD), compacted bulk density (CBD) and angle of repose (AoR). The dependent variable was crude protein (CP) and crude fiber (CF). Artificial neural networks (ANN) model built by R programing language 3.6.0 using library R-base and neuralnet. The correlation and accuracy used to compare predicted and actual. ANN model of crude fiber has an accuracy of 75.08% and Pearson’s signification correlation (0.7529; P <0.01). ANN model of crude fiber has an accuracy of 75.08% and Pearson’s signification correlation (0.7529; P <0.01). The artificial neural networks model generally can perform better to predict crude protein and crude fiber from physical properties of feedstuffs.
Nutritional Manipulations and Its Effects on Yield and Quality of Beef
Authors: Jelan Z A , Sumarmono J 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In recent years, innovations in animal nutrition have yielded several products in the forms of feed additives/supplements for improving feed utilization and also producing novel meat products and quality to meet the demand of consumers. Consumption of meat from ruminant animals and its derivatives is also on the increase. In addition, nowadays, consumers are exceedingly interested in the quality of the products they eat, especially when this refers to meat, either white or red. A large amount progress is completed in the exploitation of the nutrition of pigs and poultry than in the ruminant animals. Beef quality can be manipulated by a variety of nutritional manipulations and many have been implemented successfully in finishing operations world-wide. This paper provides a brief overview of beef quality and the manipulation of beef quality through feeding.
Optimization of Metagenome Sequence Identification with Naive Bayes and Certainty Factor
Authors: Utami Dian Kartika , Herfina  , Mulyana Iyan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Metagenome studies are an important step in taxonomic grouping. Taxonomic grouping can be done using the binning method. Binning is a process to determine the contigs of each group of phylogenetic species. In this study, Binning was carried out using the Supervise Learning approach. We use the Naïve Bayes Classifier method and Certainty Factor. The classification process is carried out on phylum taxon levels. many of the organisms used were 50 organisms and the length of the fragments used was 500 bp and many readings were 1000 readings. The accuracy results obtained by the Naive Bayes method are 62.5%. While the accuracy obtained in the Certainty Factor method is 54.45%. From the results of the two methods of testing, it can be concluded that Naive Bayes is the best method of classification compared to Certainty Factor.
Environmental Investigation and Category Analysis of Solid Wastes in Heavy Metal Pollution Industrial Sites- Taking an industrial contaminated site in a city of Jiangxi Province as an example
Authors: Song Shuang 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Whether certain pollutants would remain after the relocation of heavy metal contaminated industrial sites? It required environmental investigation of the site, determined the scope of investigation of contaminated sites, and conducted site identification. This paper took an industrial contaminated site in a city of Jiangxi Province as an example. After identifying the site, the solid waste was sampled, analyzed and measured, and the solid waste category was determined to determine whether it had potential risks. It was the same type of contaminated site solid waste. It would provide technical ideas for the identification and identification of environmental impacts.
Study on Rheological Properties of Vibrating Mixing Concrete Based on Orthogonal Test
Authors: Zhao Wu , Liu Kun , Chen Yang , Wang Xuanfeng , Yang Yanyan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In order to study the different effects of amplitude, vibration frequency, mixing linear velocity and mixing time on the rheological properties of C60 high-performance concrete, the orthogonal test study was carried out. Through the method of range and variance analysis to analyse the yield stress and plastic viscosity of the fresh concrete, the main order of the influence of various factors on the rheological properties of the fresh concrete was the amplitudeₒmixing timeₒmixing linear velocity ₒ vibration frequency. The influence of various factors on the rheological properties of concrete and its influencing mechanism were analyzed by test data. The results show that the application of vibration during the mixing process can significantly improve the fluidity of fresh concrete.
Effects of Process Parameters on the Structure and Hardness of Components in Laser Direct Metal Forming
Authors: Wang H , Liu X H , Han B , Lin J Y , Han X R 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
As a typical additive manufacturing (AM) technology, Laser Metal Direct Forming(LMDF) integrates the characteristics of laser cladding technology and rapid prototyping technology. Because LMDF process has important application value in the field of rapid mould manufacturing and additive remanufacturing process, the effects of main technological parameters (laser power, powder feeding rate and scanning speed) on the microstructure and hardness in the process of forming were studied. To verify this influence rule, the experimental study on LDMF with different process parameter combinations were carried out with 45 steel as matrix and iron-based alloy powder as cladding material. Experimental results was consistent with the theoretical analysis results. In a word, experiments show that LMDF process can obtain uniform and compact metal cladding layer. The forming process parameters and their reasonable matching are closely related to the structure and performance of components. With the increase of laser power, the grain size of metallographic structure increases and the hardness decreases. To a certain extent, properly increasing the scanning speed and powder feeding rate can refine the grain size of metallographic structure, which increased the hardness of the component and enhancing its surface wear resistance.
Effect of graphenene nanoplatelets on microstructure and properties of cement mortar under simulated acid rain
Authors: Yang Mingqian , Chen Guofang , Cao Naixing , Zhang Yingzi , Wang Yanze 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The mortar loses strength under acid rain conditions, causing cracking, weight loss and damage to the structure. This paper studies the effects of graphenene nanoplatelets(GNP) mortar under simulated acid rain conditions. A control sample without GNP and the addition of GNP were ranging from 0.2% to 0.6% by weight of ordinary Portland cement were prepared. In different corrosion days, the mechanical properties of the GNP cement mortar were measured, scanning electron microscopy also applied. Results showed that the mechanical properties of cement mortar added with graphene are improved. Compared with the control sample, the compressive strength and flexural strength of specimens containing 0.2wt% GNP are increased by 10% and 8%, respectively. Adding GNP can improve the acid resistance and durability of cement mortar.
The influence of fly ash on the bending characteristics of cost-effective cementitious composites
Authors: Qi Zhanfeng , Chen Wenhua , Zhang Lei , Huang Zhiyi 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In order to popularize the cost-effective strain hardening cementitious composites (SHCCs) in the tunnel reinforcement, SHCCs were prepared with domestic fibers in this paper. the crack propagation, load-deflection curve, and bending stiffness of SHCCs were studied by using the four points bending test, digital image correlation technology (DIC) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results indicate that all the samples exhibit the characteristics of multi-cracking, and accordingly, the load-deflection curves present the strain hardening behavior. With the content of fly ash ranging from 40% to 60%, the number of cracks, captured by DIC technology, increased from 6 to 12. Meanwhile, the hardening phase of the bending stress-deflection curve became steady along with the flexural strengths dropping from 12.27 MPa to 9.49 MPa. In addition, through fitting the load-deflection curve, there is a good linear rule of stiffness in all the samples during hardening stages, and the stiffness also degenerates linearly with the increase of the fly ash. It is expected that the experimental outcomes are useful to design the target stiffness of cost-effective SHCCs in practical applications.
Effect of Early Strength, Retarding and Slump-retaining Components of Polycarboxylic Acid Admixture on Workability of Fresh Concrete
Authors: You Renliang 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The effects of the amount of early strength components, retarding components and slump-retaining components of concrete admixtures on initial fluidity, slump loss and initial setting time of concrete are compared through experiments, so as to adjust the workability of fresh concrete more pertinently.