bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PINFI – Ferramenta para classificação de imagens com redes neurais artificiais e lógica fuzzy
Authors: Süptitz Ivan Luís , Frozza Rejane , Molz Rolf Fredi 
Published: November 2020

Este artigo apresenta uma ferramenta de modelagem para classificação de imagens utilizando redes neuraisartificiais (RNA) e lógica difusa (fuzzy), desenvolvida com foco no cenário industrial. O projeto desta ferramenta iniciou com um levantamento prévio de ferramentas de modelagem de RNA e neuro-fuzzy e de uma pesquisa do tipo survey na qual se identificou que as indústrias de uma determinada região desconhecem ou não sabem como aplicar estas tecnologias em seus processos. A partir disso, foi desenvolvida a ferramenta denominada Processador de Imagens Neuro-Fuzzy para a Indústria (PINFI) com base nas demandas do survey e integrando bibliotecas de software de código aberto pesquisadas no levantamento bibliográfico. Esta ferramenta permite a modelagem de projetos em cinco etapas: Aquisição das imagens; pré-processamento; bloco de fuzzificação; modelagem da RNA; e a apresentação dos resultados (saída). O PINFI foi validado em termos de ergonomia e usabilidade de software atendendo a 91% dos requisitos avaliados. Quanto à acurácia do classificador, alcançou taxas de reconhecimento de 93% a 100% nas bases avaliadas. Estas bases compreenderam, imagens de folhas de tabaco, rodas de veículos e faces humanas, o que demonstra que o PINFI tem potencial para ser utilizado em demandas industriais e, também, em aplicações diversificadas.
Análise de desempenho de Rolling Updates do Kubernetes em ambientes de estresse
Authors: Vassoler Gabriel , Spohn Marco Aurélio 
Published: November 2020

Este trabalho apresenta, via estudo de caso, uma análise de desempenho do Rolling Updates do Kubernetes em ambientes com diferentes tipos de estresse aplicados às máquinas do cluster. Foram propostos ambientes de testes, cenários possíveis e parâmetros a serem alterados para a coleta de dados. Após a exposição dos dados coletados, realizou-se uma análise dos resultados obtidos e uma discussão sobre o impacto que os tipos de estresse aplicados podem gerar na experiência do usuário no momento de uma atualização. Os resultados indicam que o mecanismo de atualização em sistemas em produção é factível e parametrizável de modo a minimizar os efeitos colaterais no desempenho do sistema.
Mesozoic Hydrothermal Overprint on Carboniferous Bauxite in China
Authors: Wang Ruixue , Wang Qingfei , Tonguç Uysal I. , Ramanaidou Erick , Deng Jun , Todd Andrew , Verrall Michael , Liu Xuefei 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Bauxite is the world’s main source of aluminum and typically consists of gibbsite, boehmite, and minor amounts of diaspore. However, bauxite deposits from the North and South China blocks consist mostly of diaspore and associated minerals, including anatase and illite. Much of this illite is authigenic and occurs as three polytypes (1M, 1Md, and 2M1), with Kübler indices ranging from 0.23 to 0.47 indicating precipitation temperatures of 175° to 300°C. The Raman spectra of anatase show an intensity ratio of &lt;1.5 for G (~1,600 cm–1) and D bands (~1,350 cm–1) diagnostic of organic matter, suggesting its presence during bauxite sedimentation followed by heating (165° to 270°C). The K-Ar ages of authigenic illite from the South China block (178–137 Ma) and the North China block (214–203 Ma) are synchronous with known regional Mesozoic tectono-thermal events generating hydrothermal overprints resulting in (1) the formation of illite, (2) the conversion of some diaspores from thermal of gibbsite and boehmite, and (3) the heating of anatase postsedimentation of the Carboniferous bauxites.
Levels of Urgency for Orthopaedic Procedures: Reliability and Adoption of a Consensus-driven Classification
Authors: Cheng Edward Y. , Matson David M. , Morgenstern Kyle D. , Agel Julie , Hoogervorst Paul 
Published: November 2020

Introduction:
The current COVID-19 disease pandemic has delayed nonurgent orthopaedic procedures to adequately care for those affected by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, resulting in a backlog in orthopaedic surgical care. As the capacity for orthopaedic surgeries expands or contracts, allocation of limited resources in a manner that adequately reflects medical necessity and urgency is paramount. An orthopaedic surgery-specific prioritization schema with proven reliability is lacking. The primary aim of this study was to assess the reliability of a newly developed prioritization list used for the phased reinstatement of orthopaedic surgical procedures during the COVID-19 pandemic and afterward. The secondary aim was to report its implementation.

Methods:
A consensus-based, orthopaedic surgery-specific, tiered prioritization list reflecting various levels of urgency was created by a committee of orthopaedic surgeons covering all subspecialties and representing academic, multispecialty, and private community practices. Reliability was tested for 63 randomized cases representing all orthopaedic subspecialties. Four raters evaluated the cases independently at two separate time points, at least one week apart. Fleiss kappa was used to assess intrarater and interrater agreement. Implementation were assessed by surveying both surgeons and the surgery scheduling administrative personnel at each surgical facility within a large health system for any adoption issues.

Results:
Case distributions within tiers 1, 2, 3, and 4 were 35%, 14%, 27%, and 24%, respectively. Interrater agreement ranged from 0.63 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.57 to 0.69) to 0.72 (95% CI 0.66 to 0.78) for the ratings. Intrarater reliability ranged from 0.62 to 1.0. The highest levels of agreement were in tiers 1, 4, and the subspecialties oncology and foot/ankle. The time from development to full scale adoption and implementation by all orthopaedic surgeons was rapid.

Discussion:
This tiered prioritization list for orthopaedic procedures is both adoptable and reliable during the phased reinstatement of procedures during the COVID-19 pandemic and afterward. Further refinements may enhance utility.

Levels of Evidence:
Reliability study: Level I (Evid Based Spine Care J 2014 October;5(2):166. doi: 10.1055/s-0034-1394106).
Advocaten die vragen, worden door de rechter-commissaris overgeslagen
Authors: van Leusden R. (Rick) , Polman B.J. (Ben) 
Published: November 2020

Advocaten die vragen, worden door de rechter-commissaris overgeslagen
Ter terechtzitting is de regel dat een toegewezen getuige die door de verdediging, à decharge, is opgeroepen en niet eerder is gehoord, door de verdediging wordt ondervraagd. Dat betekent dat zij ter terechtzitting met voorrang boven de andere procespartijen begint ‘haar’ getuige te ondervragen, zij de volgorde van de vragen bepaalt en ook vrij is te kiezen om vragen niet te stellen. Die regel zou ook moeten gelden voor getuigenverhoren bij de rechter-commissaris en wettelijk moeten worden verankerd. In de praktijk vist de verdediging in laatstgenoemde verhoren namelijk nog te vaak achter het net. Advocaten die vragen, worden door de rechter-commissaris overgeslagen.
De ‘Blue Whale Challenge’ en het strafrecht
Authors: van den Akker S. (Sam) 
Published: November 2020

De ‘Blue Whale Challenge’ en het strafrecht
In deze bijdrage wordt het weerzinwekkende zelfmoordspel de ‘Blue Whale Challenge’ geanalyseerd. De auteur staat in het artikel stil bij de strafbaarstellingen van het aanzetten tot zelfdoding en het bieden van hulp bij zelfdoding, waarna een analyse volgt van de ‘Blue Whale Challenge’ naar Nederlands strafrecht. In deze bijdrage wordt door de auteur gezocht naar andere strafrechtelijke grondslagen om in een vroeg(er) stadium van deze ‘challenge’ in te grijpen. De bijdrage wordt afgesloten met een voorstel voor een nieuwe strafbepaling, mede ingegeven door de positieve verplichtingen van het EVRM.
De opsporings- en vervolgingscompetentie van het Europees Openbaar Ministerie in Nederland
Authors: Geelhoed W. 
Published: November 2020

De opsporings- en vervolgingscompetentie van het Europees Openbaar Ministerie in Nederland
Het Europees Openbaar Ministerie gaat ook in Nederland strafbare feiten opsporen en vervolgen die schade toebrengen aan de financiële belangen van de EU. Maar welke feiten precies? Hoe wordt zijn competentie afgebakend van de competentie van de nationale autoriteiten? En hoe wordt verzekerd dat het Europees OM niet alleen formeel, maar ook praktisch in staat is om de opsporingsonderzoeken uit te voeren waarvoor het bevoegd is? Deze bijdrage bespreekt de invoeringswet waarmee het Europees OM in de Nederlandse rechtsorde wordt ingebed, en de competentievragen die daarbij een rol spelen. Sommige punten zijn helder, maar andere leiden slechts tot vraagtekens.
Het voorstel voor een nieuw regelgevend kader voor de gegevensverwerking door samenwerkingsverbanden
Authors: Beijer M.P. 
Published: November 2020

Het voorstel voor een nieuw regelgevend kader voor de gegevensverwerking door samenwerkingsverbanden
Dit artikel gaat nader in op de betekenis van het wetsvoorstel gegevensverwerking door samenwerkingsverbanden. De focus ligt op de vraagstukken die spelen rondom de bescherming van persoonsgegevens. Al geruime tijd bestaan er verschillende samenwerkingsverbanden, zoals de Regionale Informatie- en Expertisecentra (RIEC’s), die beogen bij te dragen aan de ‘integrale’ aanpak van belangrijke maatschappelijke problemen (zoals de ondermijnende criminaliteit). Toch zijn er maar beperkte grondslagen voor de gegevensuitwisseling van dergelijke samenwerkingsverbanden. Dit artikel legt nader uit welke problemen er spelen vanuit privacyrechtelijk oogpunt, waar het relevante nationale en Unierechtelijke toetsingskader uit bestaat, en vervolgens wat de meerwaarde van dit wetsvoorstel is.
Het Europees arrestatiebevel
Authors: Jonk W.R. , Malewicz R. 
Published: November 2020

Het Europees arrestatiebevel – Toch nog mogelijkheden voor een goede verdediging?
Sinds 12 mei 2004 is in Nederland de Overleveringswet van kracht, waarmee de procedure van uitlevering binnen de EU drastisch veranderde. Sindsdien is het Europees aanhoudingsbevel een populair middel voor lidstaten geworden om gezochte verdachten en veroordeelden naar hun grondgebied te krijgen. De rechtsbescherming voor opgeëiste personen is, onder meer door enkele uitspraken van het HvJ EU, allengs minder geworden. De bijstand in overleveringszaken vergt dan ook meer dan alleen het voeren van verweren in overleveringsprocedure zelf. Een proactieve houding, mogelijk zelfs in de fase voorafgaand aan het EAB, kan de opgeëiste persoon een gedwongen reis naar het buitenland besparen.
De Nederlandse implementatie van de Klokkenluidersrichtlijn
Authors: Boonstra-Verhaert J. , Bevers A.F. 
Published: November 2020

De Nederlandse implementatie van de Klokkenluidersrichtlijn
Teneinde een minimumbeschermingsniveau te bieden aan personen die in de uitoefening van hun werk in aanraking komen met inbreuken op het Unierecht en hiervan melding maken, is op 7 december 2019 de Europese richtlijn bescherming klokkenluiders in werking getreden. Uiterlijk 17 december 2021 dient deze richtlijn in Nederlandse wetgeving te zijn geïmplementeerd. Om de huidige regelgeving die ziet op dit onderwerp in lijn te brengen met de richtlijn dienen er enkele wijzigingen te worden doorgevoerd. Meer concreet betekent dit dat de regeling voor klokkenluiders, thans neergelegd in de Wet Huis voor klokkenluiders, zal worden aangepast. Eind juli 2020 is het conceptvoorstel van wet, alsmede de conceptmemorie van toelichting gepubliceerd ter consultatie. Op basis van deze stukken worden in deze bijdrage de voorgestelde wijzigingen ten opzichte Wet Huis voor klokkenluiders belicht.
Efficacy of Intralesional Platelet-Rich Plasma in Diabetic Foot Ulcer
Authors: Gupta Ajay , Channaveera Chethan , Sethi Satyaranjan , Ranga Sunil , Anand Vijender 
Published: November 2020

Background
Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is well managed by infection control, euglycemic state, and debridement of the ulcer followed by appropriate dressing and off-loading of the foot. Studies show that approximately 90% of DFUs that are properly off-loaded heal in nearly 6 weeks. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) serves as a growth factor agonist and has mitogenic and chemotactic properties that help in DFU healing. We sought to evaluate the efficacy of local application of PRP with respect to healing rate and ulcer area reduction in treating DFUs.

Methods
Sixty noninfected patients with DFUs (plantar surface area, ≤20 cm2; Meggitt-Wagner grades 1 and 2) were randomized to receive normal saline dressing (control group [CG]) or PRP dressing (study group [SG]) along with total-contact casting for 6 weeks or until complete ulcer healing, whichever was earlier. Healing rate and change in ulcer area were evaluated weekly.

Results
Mean ± SD ulcer area at baseline was 4.96 ± 2.89 cm2 (CG) and 5.22 ± 3.82 cm2 (SG) (P = .77), decreasing to 1.15 ± 1.35 cm2 (CG) and 0.96 ± 1.53 cm2 (SG) (P = .432) at 6 weeks. Mean ± SD percentage reduction in healing area at 6 weeks was 81.72% ± 17.2% (CG) and 85.98% ± 13.42% (SG) (P = .29). Mean ± SD healing rate at 6 weeks was 0.64 ± 0.36 cm2 (CG) and 0.71 ± 0.46 cm2 (SG) (P = .734).

Conclusions
The PRP dressing is no more efficacious than normal saline dressing in the management of DFU in conjunction with total-contact casting.
Cosmic Odyssey
Authors: Schweizer Linda 
Published: November 2020

From newborn galaxies to icy worlds and blazing quasars, a behind-the-scenes story of how Palomar Observatory astronomers unveiled our complex universe.
Ever since 1936, pioneering scientists at Palomar Observatory in Southern California have pushed against the boundaries of the known universe, making a series of dazzling discoveries that changed our view of the cosmos: quasars, colliding galaxies, supermassive black holes, brown dwarfs, supernovae, dark matter, the never-ending expansion of the universe, and much more. In Cosmic Odyssey, astronomer Linda Schweizer tells the story of the men and women at Palomar and their efforts to decipher the vast energies and mysterious processes that govern our universe.
Palomar was the Apollo mission of its era. The first images from the 200-inch George Ellery Hale telescope, which was the world's largest when it was dedicated in 1948, generated as much excitement as images from the moon in 1969 and from the Hubble Space Telescope more recently. So far, Palomar's “Big Eye” and three other telescopes have yielded more than 75,000 telescope-nights of precious data. Schweizer takes readers behind the scenes of scientific discovery, mapping the often chaotic process of detours, dead ends, and serendipitous leaps of insight. Although her focus is on Palomar, she follows threads of discovery across the world to other teams and observatories. Based on more than one hundred interviews and enhanced by research in scientific journals, her account paints a fascinating picture of how discrete insights acquired over decades by researchers in a global community cascade, collide, and finally coalesce into the discoveries we come to accept as facts.
Remote sensing inversion and spatial variation of land surface temperature over mining areas of Jixi, Heilongjiang, China
Authors: Cao Jia-shuo , Deng Zheng-yu , Li Wen , Hu Yuan-dong 
Published: November 2020

Background
Jixi is a typical mining city in China that has undergone dramatic changes in its land-use pattern of mining areas over the development of its coal resources. The impacts of coal mining activities have greatly affected the regional land surface temperature and ecological system.

Methods
The Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) data from 2015 and 2019 were used from the Jiguan, Didao, and Chengzihe District of Jixi in Heilongjiang, China as the study area. The calculations to determine the land-use classification, vegetation coverage, and land surface temperature (LST) were performed using ArcGIS10.5 and ENVI 5.3 software packages. A correlation analysis revealed the impact of land-use type, vegetation coverage, and coal mining activities on LSTs.

Results
The results show significant spatial differentiation in the LSTs of Jixi City. The LSTs for various land-use types were ranked from high to low as follows: mining land > construction land > grassland > cultivated land > forest land > water area. The LST was lower in areas with high vegetation coverage than in other areas. For every 0.1 increase in vegetation coverage, the LST is expected to drop by approximately 0.75 °C. An analysis of mining land patches indicates that the patch area of mining lands has a significant positive correlation with both the average and maximum patch temperatures. The average patch temperature shows a logarithmic increase with the growth of the patch area, and within 200,000 m2, the average patch temperature increases significantly. The maximum patch temperature shows a linear increase with the patch area growth, and for every 100,000 m2 increase in the patch area of mining lands, the maximum patch temperature increases by approximately 0.81 °C. The higher the average patch temperature of mining land, the higher the temperature in its buffer zone, and the greater its influence scope. This study provides a useful reference for exploring the warming effects caused by coal mining activities and the definition of its influence scope.
Antifungal Activity on the Strain of Lasiodiplodia theobromae and Phytochemical Study of Ageratum conyzoides and Newbouldia laevis from the Kisangani Region / DR Congo
Authors: Kwembe J. T. K. , Mbula J. P. , Onautshu O. , Mpiana P. T. , Haesaert G. 
Published: November 2020

Aims: To extract, identify and evaluate in vitro the antifungal activity of the phytochemical groups of Ageratum conyzoides and Newbouldia laevis on the strain of Lasiodiplodia theobromae.
Study Design: Exploitation of medicinal plants to combat the growth of L. theobromae, responsible for the decline of cocoa cultivation.
Location and Duration of Studies: Faculty of Sciences, University of Kisangani, between April 2017 and February 2018.
Methodology: The crude extracts of the dry leaves of A. conyzoides and N. laevis were tested (at 100 mg/mL). Potato dextrose agar was used as the culture medium. After chemical screening, abundant phytochemical groups were isolated and tested.
Results: The aqueous, 95% ethanolic and ethereal crude extracts of A. conyzoides are more antifungal (respective percentages of inhibition PI: 80.74; 84.10 and 85.64%) than those of N. laevis (63.28; 72.64 and 75.23%). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the aqueous crude extract of A. conyzoides is lower (25 mg/mL) than that of the ethanolic extract (50 mg/mL). Tannins are very abundant in A. conyzoides and in N. laevis. Saponins, sterols and terpenes are abundant in both plants. The extraction yields of tannins and saponins are respectively 20.67 and 2.43% in A. conyzoides and 10.47 and 2.38% in N. laevis. A. conyzoides contains the gallic tannins while N. laevis, the condensates and catechics. The saponins and tannins of A. conyzoides are more antifungal (respective PI: 84.40 and 54.44%) than those of N. laevis (PI: 75.56 and 32.96%).
Discussion: The saponins of A. conyzoides and N. laevis are more active on the strain of L. theobromae than the tannins. Saponins are surfactants that can destabilize membrane structure of microorganisms including fungi.
Conclusion: The saponins of the two plants have shown a very interesting antifungal power on the strain of L. theobromae. The identification of their active molecules is ongoing.
Reinterpretation of Electric Field with Quantum Fluctuations: The Mechanism of Electrostatic Force of Attraction and Repulsion Between Two Point Charges
Authors: Sim C. G. 
Published: November 2020

Vacuum polarization rearranges virtual pairs. This causes the virtual pairs to rigidify in vacuum, reducing the quantum fluctuation energy. The quantum fluctuation energy is a fundamental force of vacuum, as evidenced by the Casimir effect. The change in quantum fluctuation energy was simulated in the superposition of the electric fields. The results show that the increase and decrease of the quantum fluctuation energy between the two point charges is related to the repulsive force and attraction in Coulomb's law.
Silver‐Coated Disordered Silicon Nanowires Provide Highly Sensitive Label‐Free Glycated Albumin Detection through Molecular Trapping and Plasmonic Hotspot Formation
Authors: Paria Debadrita , Convertino Annalisa , Mussi Valentina , Maiolo Luca , Barman Ishan 
Published: November 2020

AbstractGlycated albumin (GA) is rapidly emerging as a robust biomarker for screening and monitoring of diabetes. To facilitate its rapid, point‐of‐care measurements, a label‐free surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) sensing platform is reported that leverages the specificity of molecular vibrations and signal amplification on silver‐coated silicon nanowires (Ag/SiNWs) for highly sensitive and reproducible quantification of GA. The simulations and experimental measurements demonstrate that the disordered orientation of the nanowires coupled with the wicking of the analyte molecules during the process of solvent evaporation facilitates molecular trapping at the generated plasmonic hotspots. Highly sensitive detection of glycated albumin is shown with the ability to visually detect spectral features at as low as 500 × 10−9 m, significantly below the physiological range of GA in body fluids. Combined with chemometric regression models, the spectral data recorded on the Ag/SiNWs also allow accurate prediction of glycated concentration in mixtures of glycated and non‐glycated albumin in proportions that reflect those in the bloodstream.
Thermo‐Triggered In Situ Chitosan‐Based Gelation System for Repeated and Enhanced Sonodynamic Therapy Post a Single Injection
Authors: She Jialin , Zhou Xuanfang , Zhang Yaojia , Zhang Rui , Li Quguang , Zhu Wenju , Meng Zhouqi , Liu Zhuang 
Published: November 2020

AbstractSonodynamic therapy (SDT) by utilizing ultrasonic waves triggers the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) with the help of sonosensitizers to destruct deep‐seated tumors has attracted great attention. However, the efficacy of SDT may not be robust enough due to the insufficient oxygen supply within solid tumors. Additionally, repeated injections and treatments, which are often required to achieve the optimal therapeutic responses, may cause additional side effects and patient incompliance. Herein, a thermo‐triggered in situ hydrogel system is developed in which catalase (CAT) conjugated with sonosensitizer meso‐tetra (4‐carboxyphenyl) porphine (TCPP) is mixed into chitosan (CS) and beta‐glycerol phosphate disodium (GP) to form the precursor solution. After injection of the precursor solution into tumors, the in situ sol–gel transformation will occur as triggered by the body temperature, resulting in the localized tumor retention of TCPP‐CAT. The locally restrained TCPP‐CAT not only produces ROS under ultrasonic treatment, but also sustainably reverses the oxygen‐deficient status in solid tumors by triggering the O2 generation from the decomposition of endogenous H2O2, further promoting the efficacy of SDT. As a result, the repeated SDT after a single dose injection of such a hydrogel can offer robust treatment effects to effectively eradicate tumors.