bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment of type II odontoid fracture in the elderly
Authors: Hamilton Preci , Lawrence Peyton , Eisenring Christian Valentin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Odontoid fractures constitute the commonest cervical spinal fracture in the elderly. There are varied management approaches with paucity of robust evidence to guide decision-making. We review the case of a 92-years-old man with traumatic Grauer type II B odontoid fracture treated with anterior cannulated screw fixation. Postoperatively, he was noted to have dysphagia due to a zenker’s diverticulum. Further history revealed repair of a zenker’s diverticulum ~40 years prior. Cervical spine images and video fluoroscopy demonstrated a recurrent zenker’s diverticulum. After re-excision of the recurrent zenker’s diverticulum his dysphagia resolved. This unique case describes dysphagia due to recurrent zenker’s diverticulum presenting after anterior cannulated screw fixation for type II B odontoid fracture. The dysphagia was diagnosed and treated in close collaboration with speech and language therapists and otorhinolaryngologist. This underscores the importance of holistic approach to the elderly patient with odontoid fractures.
On the ring nebulae around runaway Wolf–Rayet stars
Authors: Meyer D M-A , Oskinova L M , Pohl M , Petrov M 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT
Wolf–Rayet stars are advanced evolutionary stages of massive stars. Despite their large mass-loss rates and high wind velocities, none of them displays a bow shock, although a fraction of them are classified as runaway. Our 2.5-D numerical simulations of circumstellar matter around a $60\mbox{-}\rm M_{\odot }$ runaway star show that the fast Wolf–Rayet stellar wind is released into a wind-blown cavity filled with various shocks and discontinuities generated throughout the preceding evolutionary phases. The resulting fast-wind–slow-wind interaction leads to the formation of spherical shells of swept-up dusty material similar to those observed in the near-infrared at $24\, \rm \mu \rm m$ with Spitzer, which appear to be comoving with the runaway massive stars, regardless of their proper motion and/or the properties of the local ambient medium. We interpret bright infrared rings around runaway Wolf–Rayet stars in the Galactic plane as an indication of their very high initial masses and complex evolutionary history. Stellar-wind bow shocks become faint as stars run in diluted media, therefore our results explain the absence of bow shocks detected around Galactic Wolf–Rayet stars, such as the high-latitude, very fast-moving objects WR71, WR124 and WR148. Our results show that the absence of a bow shock is consistent with the runaway nature of some Wolf–Rayet stars. This questions the in situ star formation scenario of high-latitude Wolf–Rayet stars in favour of dynamical ejection from birth sites in the Galactic plane.
The rise of active galactic nuclei in the galaxy evolution and assembly semi-analytic model
Authors: Fontanot Fabio , De Lucia Gabriella , Hirschmann Michaela , Xie Lizhi , Monaco Pierluigi , Menci Nicola , Fiore Fabrizio , Feruglio Chiara , Cristiani Stefano , Shankar Francesco 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT
We present a new implementation of the GAlaxy Evolution and Assembly (gaea) semi-analytic model, that features an improved modelling of the process of cold gas accretion on to supermassive black hole (SMBHs), derived from both analytic arguments and high-resolution simulations. We consider different scenarios for the loss of angular momentum required for the available cold gas to be accreted on to the central SMBHs, and we compare different combinations of triggering mechanisms, including galaxy mergers and disc instabilities in star-forming discs. We compare our predictions with the luminosity function (LF) observed for active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and we confirm that a non-instantaneous accretion time-scale (either in the form of a low-angular momentum reservoir or as an assumed light-curve evolution) is needed in order to reproduce the measured evolution of the AGN-LF and the so-called AGN-downsizing trend. Moreover, we also study the impact of AGN feedback, in the form of AGN-driven outflows, on the SF properties of model galaxies, using prescriptions derived both from empirical studies and from numerical experiments. We show that AGN-driven outflows are effective in suppressing the residual star formation rate in massive galaxies (&gt;1011 M⊙) without changing their overall assembly history. These winds also affect the SFR of lower mass galaxies, resulting in a too large fraction of passive galaxies at &lt;1010 M⊙. Finally, we study the Eddington ratio distribution as a function of SMBH mass, showing that only objects more massive than 108 M⊙ are already in a self-regulated state as inferred from observations.
A low-luminosity core-collapse supernova very similar to SN 2005cs
Authors: Jäger Zoltán , Vinkó József , Bíró Barna I , Hegedüs Tibor , Borkovits Tamás , Jäger Zoltán , Nagy Andrea P , Molnár László , Kriskovics Levente 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT
We present observations and analysis of PSN J17292918+7542390, a low-luminosity Type II-P supernova (LL SN IIP). The observed sample of such events is still low, and their nature is still under debate. Such SNe are similar to SN 2005cs, a well-observed LL Type II-P event, having low expansion velocities, and small ejected 56Ni mass. We have developed a robust and relatively fast Monte Carlo code that fits semi-analytic models to light curves of core-collapse SNe. This allows the estimation of the most important physical parameters, like the radius of the progenitor star, the mass of the ejected envelope, the mass of the radioactive nickel synthesized during the explosion, among others. PSN J17292918+7542390 has $R_0 = 91_{-70}^{+119} \times 10^{11} \, \text{cm}$, $M_\text{ej} = 9.89_{-1.00}^{+2.10} \, \mathrm{ M}_{\odot }$, $E_{\mbox{kin}} = 0.65_{-0.18}^{+0.19} \, \text{foe}$, and $v_{\mbox{exp}} = 3332_{-347}^{+216}$ km s−1, for its progenitor radius, ejecta mass, kinetic energy, and expansion velocity, respectively. The initial nickel mass of the PSN J17292918+7542390 turned out to be $1.55_{-0.70}^{+0.75} \times 10^{-3} \, \mathrm{M}_{\odot }$. The measured photospheric velocity at the earliest observed phase is 7000 km s−1. As far as we can tell based on the small population of observed LL SNe IIP, the determined values are typical for these events.
Drum Set Training in Music Therapy: A Resource for Students, Clinicians, and Educators
Authors: Matney Bill 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The field of music therapy commonly uses percussion instruments. To some degree, the drum set has been included in the literature. Percussion training, and in this case drum set training, specific to music therapy practice have likely lagged behind the instruments’ uses in the field, potentially resulting in limitations to effective practice. Andragogically speaking, the field benefits from resources that take into account the needs of students and clinicians, while also addressing training program challenges (such as time and accessibility of drum sets). The purpose of this article is to provide an approach to learning the drum set that promotes relevant use and relevant play, without necessarily always needing to be at a drum set to practice. The author first situates the history of the drum set and discusses its common set up and use. Through the use of body percussion, vocalizing/singing, and other processes, the author proposes a way to promote a stronger understanding of how to use the drum set for accompaniment, recreating, composing, and improvising. The author breaks down and scaffolds technical drum set tasks, but then promotes their integration. Visuals and video resources are included. The author concludes with implications for practice, training, and research.
Strategies designed to increase the motivation for and adherence to dietary recommendations in patients with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Pereira Raíssa Antunes , Alvarenga Marle S , Avesani Carla Maria , Cuppari Lilian 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) often requires several dietary adjustments to control the disease-related disturbances. This is challenging for both patients and healthcare providers, and particularly for dietitians, who deal closely with the poor adherence to dietary recommendations. Factors associated with poor adherence within the CKD scenario and the need for a shift in the paradigm have already been indicated in several studies; however, rarely are any different and/or potential strategies actually formulated in order to change this paradigm. In this review, we aimed to explore the concepts and factors surrounding adherence to dietary recommendations in CKD and further describe certain potential strategies for a nutritional counseling approach. Such strategies, while poorly explored within CKD, have shown positive results in other chronic disease scenarios. It is timely, therefore, for healthcare providers to acquire these new counseling skills; nevertheless, this would require a rethinking of the traditional attitudes and approaches in order to build a partnership, based on a nonjudgmental and compassionate style in order to guide behavior change. The reflections presented in this review may contribute towards enhancing motivation and the adherence to dietary recommendations in CKD patients.
Where Policies and Politics Diverge
Authors: Lerman Amy E , Trachtman Samuel 
Published: June 2020

AbstractHow citizens hold government accountable in democratic systems is one of the fundamental questions of political science and has long been of interest to scholars of public opinion. Accountability for the performance of government requires individuals to make accurate evaluations of the effects of policy decisions, and to trace responsibility for policy decisions to the appropriate politician or political party. In this paper, we study the question of democratic accountability in the context of the health insurance marketplaces established by the Affordable Care Act. Not surprisingly, how citizens evaluate the state of the world and locate responsibility has less to do with marketplace performance, and much more to do with political allegiance. However, we theorize and find evidence that supports two substantial exceptions to the overwhelming role of partisan identification: Both political independents and those with personal policy experience are capable of linking objective conditions with broader political assessments. These findings have important implications for our understanding of democratic accountability and for the design of public policies in a federal system.
Revisiting “The First-Daughter Effect”
Authors: Urbatsch Robert 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
A recent Public Opinion Quarterly article argued that men whose first children were girls rather than boys—daughters rather than sons—were more likely to support gender-equality policies. This note reexamines the coding and model specification of that analysis, focusing on the definition of “first daughters” and on the inclusion, perilously for causal inference, of control variables that are more probably consequences than causes of the independent variable of interest. In the tested alternative specifications, the predicted effect of first-child sex diminishes, usually falling short of standard benchmarks for statistical significance.
Transnational Diffusion and Regional Resistance: Domestic LGBT Association Founding, 1979–2009
Authors: Gonsalves Tara 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn recent decades, scholars of world cultural diffusion have begun to examine the structure of the world society itself, finding evidence of regionalization within the network of international nongovernmental organizations (INGOs). There is little research, however, on how the structure of world society shapes processes of transnational diffusion. In this paper, I propose that the regionalization of world society, measured through INGO membership composition, structures the transnational diffusion of cultural norms like LGBT associations. Analyzing an original, comprehensive dataset of 3,141 domestic, voluntary LGBT associations founded between 1979 and 2009, I find that countries embedded in anti-LGBT regions are more resistant to the diffusion of domestic LGBT associations. I further find that the negative effect of embeddedness in anti-LGBT regions on domestic LGBT association founding is weakened by dependence on Western foreign aid. The findings highlight the importance of examining the composition of INGOs as well as attending to the role of regional culture in studies of transnational diffusion.
A Novel Sox9/lncRNA H19 Axis Contributes to Hepatocyte Death and Liver Fibrosis
Authors: Wang Chenqi , Deng Jia , Deng Hao , Kang Zhiqian , Huang Zhen , Ding Zhi , Dong Lei , Chen Jiangning , Zhang Junfeng , Zang Yuhui 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Sox9 has been previously characterized as a transcription factor responsible for the extracellular matrix production during liver fibrosis. However, the deregulation and functional role of hepatocyte Sox9 in the progression of liver fibrosis remains elusive. Here, we found a significant increase of Sox9 in the hepatocytes isolated from CCl4-induced fibrotic liver and showed that antisense oligoribonucleotides depletion of Sox9 was sufficient to attenuate CCl4-induced liver fibrosis. Notably, the increase of Sox9 in hepatocyte was associated with the upregulation of long noncoding RNA H19 in both in vitro and in vivo systems. Mechanistic studies revealed that Sox9 induced H19 by binding to a conserved promoter region of H19. In vitro, hepatocyte injury triggered the increase of Sox9/H19 axis, whereas silence of H19 greatly alleviated the H2O2-induced hepatocyte apoptosis, suggesting that H19 functions as a downstream effector of Sox9 signaling and is involved in hepatocyte apoptosis. In animal experiments, inhibition of H19 alleviated the activation of hepatic stellate cells and reduced the extent of liver fibrosis, whereas ectopic expression of H19 abolished the inhibitory effects of Sox9 depletion on liver fibrosis, suggesting that the profibrotic effect of hepatocyte Sox9 depends on H19. Finally, we investigated the clinical relevance of Sox9/H19 axis to liver fibrosis and identified the increase of Sox9/H19 axis in liver cirrhosis patients. In conclusion, our findings link Sox9/H19 axis to the intrinsic mechanisms of hepatocyte apoptosis and may represent a hitherto unknown paradigm in hepatocyte injury associated with the progression of liver fibrosis.
Patient Perspectives on Audio-Only Virtual Prenatal Visits Amidst the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Pandemic
Authors: Holcomb Denisse , Faucher Mary Ann , Bouzid Jennifer , Quint-Bouzid Marjorie , Nelson David B. , Duryea Elaine 
Published: June 2020

OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate patient satisfaction after integration of audio-only virtual visits into a pre-existing prenatal care schedule within a large, county-based system during the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic.

METHODS:
We implemented audio-only prenatal virtual visits in response to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic within a large, county-based prenatal care system serving predominantly women with low socioeconomic status and limited resources. Using a four-question telephone survey, we surveyed a cross-section of patients who had opted to participate in virtual visits to assess their level of satisfaction surrounding audio-only visits. In addition, average clinic wait times and attendance rates by visit type were examined.

RESULTS:
From March 17 to May 31, 2020, more than 4,000 audio-only virtual prenatal visits were completed in our system. After implementation, the percentage of visits conducted through the virtual platform gradually rose, with nearly 25% of weekly prenatal visits being performed through the virtual platform by the month of May. Clinic wait times trended downward after implementation of virtual visits (P<.001). On average, 88% of virtual prenatal visits were completed as scheduled, whereas only 82% of in-person visits were attended (P<.001). Hospital administration attempted to contact 431 patients who had participated in at least one virtual visit to assess patient satisfaction; 283 patients were reached and agreed to participate (65%). Ninety-nine percent of respondents reported that their needs were met during their audio-only virtual visits. The majority of patients preferred a combination of in-person and virtual visits for prenatal care, and patients reported many benefits with virtual visits.

CONCLUSION:
Audio-only virtual prenatal visits—as a complement to in-person prenatal visits—have specific and distinct advantages compared with video-enabled telehealth in a vulnerable population of women and offer a viable option to increase access to care.
Benefits of Tai Chi Exercise Among Adults With Chronic Heart Failure
Authors: Taylor-Piliae Ruth , Finley Brooke A. 
Published: June 2020

Background
Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation is safe and effective for adults with chronic heart failure (CHF), yet services are greatly underutilized. However, tai chi is a popular and safe form of exercise among older adults with chronic health conditions.

Objective
A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to examine the benefits of tai chi exercise among persons with CHF.

Methods
An electronic literature search of 10 databases (Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Embase, OpenGrey, PsycARTICLES, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science) was conducted from January 1, 2004, to August 1, 2019. Clinical trials that examined tai chi exercise, were published in English or German languages, and conducted among participants with CHF were included. Comprehensive Meta-Analysis version 2.0 software (Biostat, Inc) was used to calculate effect sizes (ie, Hedges g) and 95% confidence intervals using random effects models.

Results
A total of 6 studies met the inclusion criteria, enrolling 229 participants (mean age, 68 years; 28% women; mean ejection fraction = 37%). At least 3 studies reported outcomes for exercise capacity (n = 5 studies), quality of life (n = 5 studies), depression (n = 4 studies), and b-type natriuretic peptide (n = 4 studies), allowing for meta-analysis. Compared with controls, tai chi participants had significantly better exercise capacity (g = 0.353; P = .026, I
2 = 32.72%), improved quality of life (g = 0.617; P = .000, I
2 = 0%), with less depression (g = 0.627; P = .000, I
2 = 0%), and decreased b-type natriuretic peptide expression (g = 0.333; P = .016, I
2 = 0%).

Conclusion
Tai chi can be easily integrated into existing cardiac rehabilitation programs. Further research is needed with rigorous study designs and larger samples before widespread recommendations can be made.
Avoidance Moderates Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Panic Disorder and Agoraphobia
Authors: Mesri Bita , Xiong Yihan , Marjorie Barnes-Horowitz Nora , Craske Michelle Genevieve 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), a well-validated treatment for panic disorder, includes interoceptive exposures and possibly in vivo exposures to agoraphobic situations. Testing predictors and moderators of CBT outcomes can improve treatment efficacy. Sixty-six individuals with panic disorder with or without agoraphobia were randomized to panic control therapy (PCT) (n = 32) or PCT and in vivo exposures to agoraphobic situations (PCT + IV) (n = 34). Secondary analyses using multilevel models with repeated measures design revealed that individuals who displayed more interoceptive avoidance and agoraphobic avoidance fared better after PCT than PCT + IV compared with individuals who displayed less avoidance. Results suggest that these individuals benefit from concentrated doses of exposures to their primary interoceptive concerns instead of additional exposures to agoraphobic situations. Exploratory analyses were also conducted on fear, demographic factors, and clinical characteristics. Findings inform clinical decision-making and personalized medicine. Limitations include low power for detecting small effect sizes.
Comparison Between a Color-only Method and a Food and Drug Administration–approved Validation Method for a Pediatric Color-coded Syringe Using Midazolam
Authors: Howard Caitlin M. , Jeffers Kristine L. , Arana Allyson A. , Montez Diana , Rahm Stephen J. 
Published: June 2020

Objective
The objective of this study was to assess the use of a color-only method syringe for accuracy and timeliness when administrating midazolam. This method was compared with a U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved validation method.

Methods
A prospective, randomized, crossover trial was conducted to compare the dosing accuracy and timeliness of the color-only syringe method versus the validation method. Twenty-five participants prepared pediatric midazolam doses according to their preferred method, a FDA-approved validation method, and a color-only method. Primary endpoints included dosing accuracy and time to medication administration.

Results
The preferred 3-kg calculations had a median margin of error of 5.6% and a median time to completion of 55.6 seconds. The color-only method took less time to complete than the validation method (median time: 29.5 seconds vs 58.2 seconds). There was no statistically significant difference in errors between the color-only method and the validation method. None of the participants reported a mistake using the color-only method, whereas 25% (5/20) reported a mistake using the validation method. Only 20% (4/20) of participants believed that the validation method found or eliminated any mistakes. There were 8 medication errors identified when participants used the method of choice, 4 with the validation method, and 1 with the color-only method.

Conclusions
There was no significant difference in dosing errors between the FDA-approved validation method and the color-only method. Use of a color-only method did reduced time to medication administration when compared with a preferred method and an FDA-approved validation method.
Effects of Dry Needling Technique Into Trigger Points of the Sternocleidomastoid Muscle in Migraine Headache
Authors: Rezaeian Tahere , Mosallanezhad Zahra , Nourbakhsh Mohammad Reza , Noroozi Mehdi , Sajedi Firoozeh 
Published: June 2020

ObjectiveThe study aimed to investigate the effect of dry needling into trigger points of the sternocleidomastoid muscle in migraine headache patients.DesignForty subjects with a migraine headache, originating from myofacial trigger points into the sternocleidomastoid muscle (20 subjects in dry needling group and 20 subjects in control group) volunteered to participate in this study. The subjects in the treatment group received three sessions of dry needling in the myofascial trigger point region. Headache frequency, headache intensity, headache duration, drug consumption, muscle thickness, pressure pain threshold, and cervical range of motion were assessed before, immediately after intervention, and at 1-mo follow-up period. In addition, this article was extracted from Iranian Register of Clinical Trials Number IRCT20171219037956N1.ResultsThe experimental group showed significant reduction in the headache parameters immediately after the intervention and at 1-mo follow-up, as compared with the control group. The pressure pain threshold of sternocleidomastoid muscle, cervical range of motion, and muscle thickness significantly increased in the dry needling group in comparison with the control group (P< 0.001).ConclusionsThe application of dry needling technique caused an improvement in symptoms of migraine patients. Therefore, this technique may be prescribed for treating migraine patients with myofacial trigger points in the sternocleidomastoid muscle.