bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Drawing at Visual Art’s teachers education: reflections from Designare
Authors: Vasconcelos Flávia Pedrosa 
Published: April 2020

This work aims to present some reflections of my PHD research, with the title Designare: pontes artistico/educativas na formação docente em Artes Visuais. This research sought to build an interpretation about the Drawing and its teaching in the Visual Arts teachers education, questioning the "how to draw" and the "not knowing how to draw" in the view of the teachers who teach in this area at the university. At the methodological process, based the investigative ways in three research methodologies of Educational Research Based on Visual Arts (Viadel, 2005): Narrative, Autoetnography and A/r/tography and with research in specialized literature, problematization and justification in narrative memory and interviews making with professors who teach Drawing in graduation courses in the area of Visual Arts at the University of Porto - UPORTO and at the Federal University of the Valley of São Francisco – UNIVASF. Focused on the understanding of the influence of drawing discourses and from drawings as visual narratives on teaching/learning of teachers practices in Visual Arts as rethinking historical issues in curricula, I analyzed issues of pedagogical practices of university professors and their repercussions on contemporary Visual Arts Teachers Education in Brazil and Portugal.
Fra helgenbillede i Kevelaer til kistebillede i Haderslev
Authors: Clausen Helge 
Published: April 2020

I Haderslev findes to varianter af et religiøst billede fra slutningen af 1700-tallet af Jomfru Maria og Jesusbarnet. De befinder sig henholdsvis i den katolske Sankt Marie Kirke og i Museum Sønderjylland. Det kan påvises, at billedet stammer fra et andagtsbillede fra 1642 i den tyske valfartsby Kevelaer. I analysen og fortolkningen af billedet inddrages derfor elementer af den katolsketeologi om Jomfru Maria. Kevelaerbilledet må være blevet indført til Haderslev, men før det blev genudgivet her, har det undergået visse forandringer for ikke at komme i konflikt med den lutherske teologi. Der sammenlignes med eksempler på kirkelige tekster og kirkekunst, som har været igennem den samme procedure.
Prevalence and risk factors ofHelicobacter pyloriinfection among children in Kuichong Subdistrict of Shenzhen City, China
Authors: Hu Jingjing , Wang Xiangyu , Chua Eng Guan , He Yongsheng , Shu Qing , Zeng Li , Luo Shiyang , Marshall Barry J. , Liu Aijun , Tay Chin Yen 
Published: April 2020

BackgroundHelicobacter pyloriinfection is a significant burden to the public health in China as it can lead to various gastric diseases including peptic ulcers and gastric cancer. Since most infections occurred during childhood, it is therefore necessary to understand the prevalence and risk determinants of this bacterial infection in children. Herewith, we conducted a cross-sectional study in the Kuichong Subdistrict of Shenzhen City to assess the prevalence and risk factors ofH. pyloriinfection among children.MethodsFrom September 2018 to October 2018, 1,355 children aged 6–12 years from four primary schools in the Kuichong Subdistrict of Shenzhen City were recruited. These children were screened forH. pyloriinfection using the13C-urea breath test. In addition, parents were requested to fill out a standardized questionnaire. The chi-square test and multivariable logistic regression analysis were used to identify risk factors forH. pylori.ResultsAmong 1,355 children recruited in this study, 226 (16.7%; 95% CI [14.7–18.7]) were positive ofH. pyloriinfection. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified six factors significantly associated withH. pyloriinfection children including parent(s) with tertiary education level (OR: 0.64; 95% CI [0.46–0.89]), testing bottle feed temperature using the mouth (OR: 1.79; 95% CI [1.19–2.68]), sharing of cutlery between the feeding person and young children during meals (OR: 1.84; 95% CI [1.22–2.78]), eating fruit after peeling (OR: 2.56; 95% CI [1.4–4.71]), frequent dining out (OR: 3.13; 95% CI [1.46–6.68]) and snacking (OR: 1.43; 95% CI [1.01–2.01]).ConclusionsOverall, better educated parent(s) played a protective role against the acquisition ofH. pyloriinfection in children. Testing bottle feed temperature using the mouth, cutlery sharing between the feeding person and young children, and snacking posed a lower but significant risk forH. pyloriinfection. Only eating peeled fruits and frequent dining out were associated with greater infection risks.
Observations of an unexpected abundance of estuarine mosquitoes associated with an urban freshwater wetland
Authors: Hanford J. K. , Hochuli D. F. , Webb C. E. 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT
Urban freshwater wetlands have been identified as a potential source of mosquitoes of pest and public health concern in Australia. Mosquitoes most commonly associated with these habitats include Anopheles annulipes, Culex annulirostris, Culex quinquefasciatus, Coquillettidia linealis and Mansonia uniformis. However, adaptive management of freshwater wetlands for wildlife conservation or vegetation management can alter the local environmental conditions and may provide opportunities for other mosquito species to exploit these habitats. A series of small wetlands at Sydney Olympic Park, NSW, were drained in spring 2016 and allowed to refill via rainfall to improve conditions for the endangered green and golden bell frog Litoria aurea. Below-average rainfall was experienced that summer and the wetlands did not fully refill until early autumn. Surprisingly, immature stages of the estuarine mosquito, Aedes vigilax, were observed in the freshwater wetlands in exceptional abundances during this period. Adjacent to these freshwater wetlands there are extensive saltmarsh and mangrove habitats where highly abundant populations of Ae. vigilax are common. Observations of use of freshwater habitats by this estuarine mosquito have implications for urban freshwater wetland management and rehabilitation strategies, which currently do not consider the potential pest and public health issues associated with estuarine mosquitoes.
Safe Male Circumcision for HIV Prevention among Adolescents with Deafness in Uganda: Awareness, Prevalence and Implications for Policy and Programming
Authors: Seruwagi Gloria K. , Achibu Julius Paul 
Published: April 2020

Background: Safe Male Circumcision (SMC)[1] has been widely recommended by WHO as part of a comprehensive HIV prevention strategy. However, literature pertaining to SMC amongst adolescents with a disability, and the deaf community in particular, is almost non-existent. This study sought to establish SMC prevalence, knowledge, attitude and post circumcision behaviour among adolescents with deafness in Uganda.
Methods: The study was cross-sectional, used a mixed-methods approach and recruited 447 participants. 363 questionnaires were administered to adolescents of age 15 - 24 years (192 males and 171 females) from three study sites. We assessed socio-demographic variables, circumcision status, post circumcision behaviour, attitude and knowledge levels towards SMC. Qualitative data was also collected from 84 participants (m=46, f=38) using focus group discussions and key informant interviews. Quantitative data were analysed using Stata software while qualitative was thematically analysed.
Results: A total of 60.9% male adolescents with deafness self-reported to be circumcised. Both male and female participants reported SMC information to be highly inaccessible (84%). Only 27.8% study participants knew about the partial protective effect of SMC against HIV, 51.8% were uncertain, while 26% thought that SMC provided full protection. Both male and female respondents had a positive attitude towards SMC (68.3%) and females were more knowledgeable (50.3%) about the partial preventive effect of SMC against HIV transmission and timeframe for the resumption of sexual activity compared to males (30.2%). Linkages were noted between SMC, social networks and key sociodemographic characteristics like ethnicity, religion and education level.
Conclusion: Despite a 60.9% prevalence and general positive attitude towards SMC, study findings showed limited service access and substantial knowledge gaps in SMC efficacy, also related to high-risk behaviour after circumcision. This can largely be explained by limited targeting by HIV prevention programmes among this (deaf) category of adolescents, related barriers associated with vulnerability arising from their disability (deafness) and developmental stage (adolescence). Key actors in HIV prevention efforts should demonstrate cognizance of heightened risk among vulnerable adolescent categories through more inclusive interventions to address prevailing knowledge and service gaps.

[1] This study was conducted between 2015-2016 when the commonly used term was Safe Male Circumcision (SMC) and not Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision (VMMC) as its popularly being packaged now. This manuscript has stuck to the originally used SMC acronym.
Effect of Cutoff Grade and Stripping Ratio on the Net Present Value for Hamama Gold Project, Eastern Desert, Egypt
Authors: Hamd_Allh Helal H. , Moharram M. R. , Yssin Mohamed A. , Gouda M. A. , Embaby A. Kh. 
Published: April 2020

This paper represents an attempt to examine the effects of Cutoff Grade (COG) and Stripping Ratio (SR) on the Net Present Value (NPV) for the proposed gold mine in Hamama area, hence to attain best operating condition corresponding to the optimum COG and SR in the proposed gold mine. Discount Cash Flow (DCF) model has been established to calculate NPV by taking the change in the COG and SR into account. This detects the effects of COG and SR on the NPV of this project. The actual production and cost data of Sukari Gold Mine (SGM) of Egypt have been taken as an indicator in creating DCF for the proposed gold mine where maximum NPV results proved the optimum COG and SR.
Aqueous Zinc Batteries
Authors: Clark Simon , Borchers Niklas , Jusys Zenonas , Behm R. Jürgen , Horstmann Birger 
Published: April 2020

AbstractZinc batteries were invented in the eighteenth century, but are still in widespread use as primary commercial batteries known as aqueous alkaline batteries. In this article, we discuss the state of the art of rechargeable aqueous zinc batteries. On the one side of the battery cell, porous zinc metal electrodes offer high energy and power densities. On the other side, zinc‐air batteries perform oxygen electrocatalysis in air electrodes, while zinc‐ion batteries use intercalation electrodes. These electrodes are connected by aqueous alkaline or aqueous neutral electrolytes. We introduce the basic history, concepts, and challenges of each technology. Our overview is spiced with some details of current research.
Advanced Strategies for Modulation of the Material–Macrophage Interface
Authors: Davenport Huyer Locke , Pascual‐Gil Simon , Wang Yufeng , Mandla Serena , Yee Bess , Radisic Milica 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBiomaterials are becoming increasingly crucial for healthcare solutions, with extensive use in the field of tissue engineering and drug delivery. After implantation, biomaterials trigger an immune response characterized by the recruitment of bone‐marrow‐derived proinflammatory macrophages that develop as the most abundant cell type surrounding the biomaterial. Chronic activation of this recruited macrophage population induces a foreign body reaction response and consequent biomaterial rejection. However, transition toward a proreparative phenotype is associated with biomaterial integration and tissue homeostasis restoration. In this review, the most relevant strategies that modulate biomaterial immune response are discussed, including mechanical properties, surface coatings, release of anti‐inflammatory molecules and cytokines, antibacterial features, origin and inner moieties of biomaterials, and cell crosstalk. Moreover, the role of tissue resident macrophages, an embryo‐derived macrophage population with a strong reparative potential, in promoting biomaterial tolerance will be reviewed. This provides new insights to better tune the reaction of the host immune system to implanted biomaterials in order to favor integration and increase the knowledge of macrophages as key players in tissue homeostasis.
Heterostructured Catalysts for Electrocatalytic and Photocatalytic Carbon Dioxide Reduction
Authors: Prabhu P. , Jose Vishal , Lee Jong‐Min 
Published: April 2020

AbstractHeterostructured catalysts are hybrid materials that contain interfaces between their constituents formed through combinations of multiple solid‐state materials. The presence of multiple constituents institutes a synergistic effect that endows the catalyst with superior performance and appreciable potential in a diverse range of catalytic applications, including electrocatalytic and photocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide. These promising catalysts can support a feasible method for large‐scale processing of valuable carbonaceous feedstock or fuel generation and alleviation of atmospheric carbon dioxide levels. Such technologies will serve as the much‐needed remedy for the global energy and environmental crisis. A broad spectrum of recently developed heterostructured catalysts pertaining to electrocatalytic and photocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction is evaluated. The insights included are of relevance to refresh fundamentals pertaining to the electron transfer processes leading to carbon dioxide reduction and the mechanistic reduction pathways yielding a possible multitude of carbonaceous products. Detailed discussions provide a rational understanding of how the hybrid and resultant properties from various combinations are useful in enhancing catalytic function. Lastly, the performance profiles of various catalyst structures together with modification strategies employed are of interest to highlight the current challenges to and directions for future catalyst development.
Recent Progress in Simple and Cost‐Effective Top‐Down Lithography for ≈10 nm Scale Nanopatterns: From Edge Lithography to Secondary Sputtering Lithography
Authors: Jung Woo‐Bin , Jang Sungwoo , Cho Soo‐Yeon , Jeon Hwan‐Jin , Jung Hee‐Tae 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe development of a simple and cost‐effective method for fabricating ≈10 nm scale nanopatterns over large areas is an important issue, owing to the performance enhancement such patterning brings to various applications including sensors, semiconductors, and flexible transparent electrodes. Although nanoimprinting, extreme ultraviolet, electron beams, and scanning probe litho‐graphy are candidates for developing such nanopatterns, they are limited to complicated procedures with low throughput and high startup cost, which are difficult to use in various academic and industry fields. Recently, several easy and cost‐effective lithographic approaches have been reported to produce ≈10 nm scale patterns without defects over large areas. This includes a method of reducing the size using the narrow edge of a pattern, which has been attracting attention for the past several decades. More recently, secondary sputtering lithography using an ion‐bombardment technique was reported as a new method to create high‐resolution and high‐aspect‐ratio structures. Recent progress in simple and cost‐effective top‐down lithography for ≈10 nm scale nanopatterns via edge and secondary sputtering techniques is reviewed. The principles, technical advances, and applications are demonstrated. Finally, the future direction of edge and secondary sputtering lithography research toward issues to be resolved to broaden applications is discussed.
Recent Advances in the Electrochemical Reduction of Substrates Involving N−O Bonds
Authors: Wirtanen Tom , Rodrigo Eduardo , Waldvogel Siegfried R. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn this review, the versatile and rich chemistry for the electrochemical reduction of substrates involving N−O bonds is surveyed. By the cathodic treatment of nitro, nitroso and other oxygenated organic nitrogen substrates, versatile and reactive intermediates are formed which can be subsequently converted to high value‐added products. In many examples, nitrogen heterocycles are selectively formed, but, also depending on the electrolytic conditions, free oximes, nitrones, amines and other entities can be obtained as well. The recent decades have witnessed two major advances – (i) going directly to more complex target molecules and (ii) conducting the electrolyses in much simpler set‐ups. Both improvements make the cathodic access of the target compounds much more practical and scalable.magnified image
The benefits of iron supplementation following blood donation vary with baseline iron status
Authors: Mast Alan E. , Szabo Aniko , Stone Mars , Cable Ritchard G. , Spencer Bryan R. , Kiss Joseph E. ,   for the NHLBI Recipient Epidemiology Donor Evaluation Study (REDS)‐III
Published: April 2020

AbstractWhole blood donation rapidly removes approximately 10% of a donor's blood volume and stimulates substantial changes in iron metabolism and erythropoiesis. We sought to identify donors who benefit from iron supplementation, describe the nature of the benefit, and define the time course for recovery from donation. Blood samples were collected over 24 weeks following whole blood donation from 193 participants, with 96 participants randomized to 37.5 mg daily oral iron. Changes in total body, red blood cell (RBC), and storage iron, hepcidin, erythropoietin, and reticulocyte count were modeled using semiparametric curves in a mixed model. and the changes were compared among six groups defined by baseline ferritin (<12; 12‐50; ≥50 ng/mL) and iron supplementation. The effect of oral iron on storage and RBC iron recovery was minimal in donors with baseline ferritin ≥50 ng/mL, but sizeable when ferritin was <50 ng/mL. Iron initially absorbed went to RBC and storage iron pools when ferritin was <12 ng/mL but went mostly to RBCs when ferritin was ≥12 ng/mL. Donors with ferritin ≥12 ng/mL had a “ripple” increase in reticulocytes ~100 days after donation indicating physiological responses occur months following donation. Thus, iron supplements markedly enhance recovery from whole blood donation in donors with ferritin <50 ng/mL. However, full recovery from donation requires over 100 days when taking iron. The findings also highlight the value of the study of blood donors for understanding human hemoglobin and iron metabolism and their usefulness for future studies as additional biomarkers are discovered.
A phase II trial evaluating the efficacy of high‐dose Radioiodinated Tositumomab (Anti‐CD20) antibody, etoposide and cyclophosphamide followed by autologous transplantation, for high‐risk relapsed or refractory non‐hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Chow Victor A. , Rajendran Joseph G. , Fisher Darrell R. , Appelbaum Frederick R. , Cassaday Ryan D. , Martin Paul S. , Holmberg Leona A. , Gooley Theodore A. , Stevenson Philip A. , Pagel John M. , Green Damian J. , Press Oliver W. , Gopal Ajay K. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractRadiation is the most effective treatment for localized lymphoma, but treatment of multifocal disease is limited by toxicity. Radioimmunotherapy (RIT) delivers tumoricidal radiation to multifocal sites, further augmenting response by dose‐escalation. This phase II trial evaluated high‐dose RIT and chemotherapy prior to autologous stem‐cell transplant (ASCT) for high‐risk, relapsed or refractory (R/R) B‐cell non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). The primary endpoint was progression free survival (PFS). Secondary endpoints were overall survival (OS), toxicity, and tolerability. Patients age < 60 years with R/R NHL expressing CD20 were eligible. Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) patients could proceed to transplant in first remission. Patients received I‐131‐tositumomab delivered at ≤25Gy to critical normal organs, followed by etoposide, cyclophosphamide and ASCT. A group of 107 patients were treated including aggressive lymphoma (N = 29), indolent lymphoma (N = 45), and MCL (N = 33). After a median follow‐up of 10.1 years, the 10‐year PFS for the aggressive, indolent, and MCL groups were 62%, 64%, 43% respectively. The 10‐year OS for the aggressive, indolent, and MCL groups were 61%, 71%, 48% respectively. Toxicities were similar to standard conditioning regimens and non‐relapse mortality at 100 days was 2.8%. Late myeloid malignancies were seen in 6% of patients. High‐dose I‐131‐tositumomab, etoposide and cyclophosphamide followed by ASCT appeared feasible, safe, and effective in treating NHL, with estimated PFS at 10‐years of 43%‐64%. In light of novel cellular therapies for R/R NHL, high‐dose RIT‐containing regimens yield comparable efficacy and safety and could be prospectively compared.
Enantioselektive Pallada‐elektrokatalysierte C‐H‐Aktivierung durch transiente dirigierende Gruppen: Ein nützlicher Zugang zu Helicenen
Authors: Dhawa Uttam , Tian Cong , Wdowik Tomasz , Oliveira João C. A. , Hao Jiping , Ackermann Lutz 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAsymmetrische Pallada‐elektrokatalysierte C‐H‐Olefinierungen wurden durch das Zusammenspiel mit transienten dirigierenden Gruppen erreicht. Die elektrochemischen, atroposelektiven C‐H‐Aktivierungen wurden mit hoher Positions‐, Diastereo‐ und Enantiokontrolle unter milden Reaktionsbedingungen realisiert, um hoch enantiomerenangereicherte Bisaryle und fluorierte axial‐chirale N‐C‐Gerüste zu erhalten. Unsere Strategie ermöglichte einen zweckmäßigen Zugang unter anderem zu neuartigen chiralen BINOLen, Dicarbonsäuren und Helicenen, die für die asymmetrische Katalyse von Wert sind. Experimentelle mechanistische Studien und Berechnungen lieferten wichtige Erkenntnisse über die Wirkungsweise des Katalysators.
Guidelines in Practice: Surgical Attire
Authors: Link Terri 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACTSurgical attire provides a barrier to microorganisms shed from health care workers’ skin and hair to help protect patients and promote a clean environment. The AORN “Guideline for surgical attire” includes recommendations for selecting, wearing, and cleaning surgical attire that are based on the highest‐quality evidence available. Recommendations are rated as Regulatory Requirement, Recommendation, Conditional Recommendation, or No Recommendation according to the level of evidence, an assessment of the benefits versus harms of implementing specific interventions, and consideration of resources required to implement the interventions. This article discusses guideline recommendations related to laundering surgical attire, wearing long‐sleeved attire, and wearing head coverings. A scenario provides an example in which an interdisciplinary facility team uses a gap analysis and a risk assessment to prioritize process changes for implementing the guideline. Perioperative personnel should review the entire guideline for additional information and for guidance when creating and updating policies and procedures.