bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interplay between formation of photosynthetic complexes and expression of genes for iron–sulfur cluster assembly in Rhodobacter sphaeroides?
Authors: Nie Xin , Jäger Andreas , Börner Janek , Klug Gabriele 
Published: October 2020

AbstractFormation of photosynthetic complexes leads to a higher demand for Fe–S clusters. We hypothesized that in the facultative phototrophic alpha-proteobacterium Rhodobacter sphaeroides expression of the isc-suf operon for Fe–S cluster formation may be increased under conditions that promote formation of photosynthetic complexes and that, vice versa, lack of the IscR regulator may also affect photosynthesis gene expression. To test this hypothesis, we monitored the activities of the isc-suf sense and anti-sense promoters under different growth conditions and in mutants which are impaired in formation of photosynthetic complexes. We also tested expression of photosynthesis genes in a mutant lacking the IscR regulator. Our results are not in agreement with a co-regulation of the Isc-Suf system and the photosynthetic apparatus at level of transcription. We provide evidence that, coordination of the systems occurs at post-transcriptional levels. Increased levels of isc-suf mRNAs under conditions promoting formation of photosynthetic complexes are due to higher RNA stability.
Immature Adults and Playing Children: On Bernard Stiegler’s Critique of Infantilization
Authors: Keij Daan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis article assesses Bernard Stiegler’s critique of infantilization. Contemporary education—and society in general—would no longer develop children into adults, but would keep them in their childish state. Stiegler’s critique is explicitly inspired by Enlightenment ideals, characterized by a positive notion of maturity and a negative notion of childhood and immaturity. Infantilization is for Stiegler therefore immediately a negative development. However, Stiegler’s works also contain a positive understanding of childhood and of the extension of childish characteristics into adulthood. The main thesis of this article is that this results in an unresolved tension in Stiegler’s work. I therefore propose a notion of infantilization not as solely negative, but as fundamentally ambivalent and risky. The continuation of childhood into maturity is necessary for the life of the mind, yet it can also foreclose maturity altogether. I use this new notion of infantilization to correct some of Stiegler’s radically conservative views on education and on the care for the new generations.
Biomonitoring of polyaromatic hydrocarbon accumulation in rural gardens using lettuce plants
Authors: Kováts Nora , Hubai Katalin , Sainnokhoi Tsend-Ayush , Teke Gábor 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Air pollution in settlements is one of the most important factors affecting human health. While urban gardening and the consumption of home-grown vegetables have become more and more popular, several studies establish the risk of consuming vegetables exposed to toxic air pollutants, especially polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). However, these studies mostly concern the risk in larger cities or in industrial areas while much less information is available in rural environments.

Methods
In our study, small settlements were selected for a pot accumulation study. Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) plants were exposed for a 2-month period; PAH concentrations were determined both from the vegetable samples and pot soils.

Results
In the lettuce samples, the concentration of total PAHs was in the range of 9.1 (Litér) and 185 μg/kg dry wt (Hajmáskér), in the soil samples in the range of 31.6 (Litér) and 595.1 μg/kg wt (Hárskút). Four ring PAHs showed the highest tendency to accumulate in the majority of soil samples.

Conclusion
PAH concentrations in some of the sampled villages were comparable to results reported from relatively polluted regions in the world. Source appointment revealed that biomass burning and fossil fuel usage were the major sources of PAHs in rural environment; in addition, the study highlighted how important it could be to analyze individual pollution sources.
Transcription Factor Profiling Identifies Spatially Heterogenous Mediators of Follicular Thyroid Cancer Invasion
Authors: Nicolson Norman G. , Paulsson Johan O. , Juhlin C. Christofer , Carling Tobias , Korah Reju 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWhile minimally invasive follicular thyroid cancer (miFTC) generally has low risk of recurrence or death, encapsulated angioinvasive (eaFTC) or widely invasive (wiFTC) histological subtypes display significantly worse prognosis. Drivers of invasion are incompletely understood. Therefore, tissue samples including miFTC, eaFTC, and wiFTC tumors, as well as histologically normal thyroid adjacent to benign follicular adenomas, were selected from a cohort (n = 21) of thyroid tumor patients, and the gene expression of selected transcription factors was characterized with quantitative PCR. Invasion-relevant spatial expression patterns of selected transcription factors were subsequently characterized with immunohistochemistry. E2F1 was over-expressed in all 3 subtypes (p<0.01). SP1 was differentially expressed in eaFTC and wiFTC compared with normal (p=0.01 and 0.04, respectively). TCF7L2 was significantly upregulated in wiFTC specifically (p<0.05). While these findings were mRNA specific, immunohistochemistry of additional cancer-associated transcription factors revealed differential expression along the tumor invasive front relative to the central tumor, and histone acetylation modulators emerged as putative invasion markers. These findings may have significant implications for the interpretation of bulk gene expression analysis of thyroid tumor samples or for the development of targeted therapeutics for this rare but aggressive thyroid cancer variant.
Nuclear Envelope and Nuclear Pore Complexes in Neurodegenerative Diseases—New Perspectives for Therapeutic Interventions
Authors: Hachiya Naomi , Sochocka Marta , Brzecka Anna , Shimizu Takuto , Gąsiorowski Kazimierz , Szczechowiak Katarzyna , Leszek Jerzy 
Published: October 2020

AbstractTransport of proteins, transcription factors, and other signaling molecules between the nucleus and cytoplasm is necessary for signal transduction. The study of these transport phenomena is particularly challenging in neurons because of their highly polarized structure. The bidirectional exchange of molecular cargoes across the nuclear envelope (NE) occurs through nuclear pore complexes (NPCs), which are aqueous channels embedded in the nuclear envelope. The NE and NPCs regulate nuclear transport but are also emerging as relevant regulators of chromatin organization and gene expression. The alterations in nuclear transport are regularly identified in affected neurons associated with human neurodegenerative diseases. This review presents insights into the roles played by nuclear transport defects in neurodegenerative disease, focusing primarily on NE proteins and NPCs. The subcellular mislocalization of proteins might be a very desirable means of therapeutic intervention in neurodegenerative disorders.
Hopf bifurcations in plasma layers between rigid planes in thermal magnetohydrodynamics, via a simple formula
Authors: Rionero Salvatore 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe phenomenon produced by the Hopf bifurcations is of notable importance. In fact, a Hopf bifurcation—guaranteeing the existence of an unsteady periodic solution of the linearized problem at stake—is also an optimum limit cycle candidate of the nonlinear associated problem and, if non linearly globally attractive, is an absorbing set and an effective limit cycle. The present paper deals with the onset of Hopf bifurcations in thermal magnetohydrodynamics (MHD). Precisely, it is devoted to characterization—via a simple formula—of the Hopf bifurcations threshold in horizontal plasma layers between rigid planes, heated from below and embedded in a constant transverse magnetic field. This problem, remarked clearly and notably by the Nobel Laureate Chandrasekhar (Nature 175:417–419, 1955), constitutes a difficulty met by him and—for plasma layers between rigid planes electricity perfectly conducting—is, as far as we know, still not removed. Let $$m_0$$

m
0

be the thermal conduction rest state and let $$P_r, P_m, R, Q$$

P
r

,

P
m

,
R
,
Q

, be the Prandtl, the Prandtl magnetic, the Rayleigh and the Chandrasekhar number, respectively. Recognized (according to Chandrasekhar) that the instability of $$m_0$$

m
0

via Hopf bifurcation can occur only in a plasma with $$P_m>P_r$$

P
m

>

P
r

, in this paper it is shown that the Hopf bifurcations occur if and only if $$\begin{aligned} Q>Q_c=\displaystyle \frac{4\pi ^2[1+P_r(\mu /2\pi )^4]}{P_m-P_r}, \end{aligned}$$

Q
>

Q
c

=

4

π
2

[
1
+

P
r

(
μ
/
2
π
)

4

]

P
m

-

P
r

,

with $$ \mu =7.8532$$

μ
=
7.8532

. Moreover, the critical value of R at which the Hopf bifurcation occurs is characterized via the smallest zero of the second invariant of the spectrum equation governing the most destabilizing perturbation. The critical value of Q, in the free-rigid and rigid-free cases is shown to be $$\displaystyle \frac{1}{4}$$

1
4

of the previous value.
Psoriasisarthritis
Authors: Borst C. 
Published: October 2020

ZusammenfassungDie Psoriasisarthritis (PsA) ist eine entzündliche Gelenkerkrankung, die oft mit einer kutanen Psoriasis (PsO) einhergeht. Die PsA ist durch Schwellungen und Druckschmerzhaftigkeit im Bereich der Gelenke charakterisiert und kann auch zu einer strahlenförmigen Verdickung einzelner Finger oder Zehen (Daktylitis, Wurstfinger, Wurstzehe) und Schmerzen im Bereich von Sehneninsertionen (Enthesitis) führen. Im Gegensatz zur rheumatoiden Arthritis ist das Muster der befallenen Gelenke heterogen. Es können von den distalen Interphalangealgelenken bis zur Wirbelsäule alle Gelenke potenziell von der Erkrankung betroffen sein. Laborchemisch ist die Erkrankung unspezifisch, da sie üblicherweise seronegativ ist – sie geht also nicht mit charakteristischen Autoantikörpern einher. Bekannte Entzündungsparameter wie das C‑reaktive Protein oder die Blutsenkungsgeschwindigkeit können ein Anhaltspunkt für eine solche inflammatorische Arthritis sein. Um bleibenden Gelenkschäden vorzubeugen, sind die Früherkennung und rechtzeitige Therapie essenziell. In diesem Beitrag wird der derzeitige Stand des Wissens bezüglich der klinischen Charakteristika, der Diagnostik und Therapie dieser potenziell gelenkzerstörenden Erkrankung diskutiert.
A Transformational Change Framework for Developing Ecologically Embedded Manufacturing
Authors: Trollman H. , Colwill J. A. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractUnless strategies are adopted to ensure materials remain in circulation within the economy, the manufacturing sector may be unable to support increasing demand from a growing global population. The purpose of this research is to present a framework for manufacturers to aid in the formulation of ecologically embedded strategy. The framework proposes five steps which integrate corporate, business, operations and sustainability strategy in a holistic manner with operations strategy informing business strategy. Qualitative comparative analysis is implemented to identify the causal characteristics of ecologically embedded products which are then used to select two cases for the application of process tracing (PT). Product case studies indicate a failure to communicate provenance, quality and lifecycle information to consumers, and hence, the slowing or closing of loops as part of a circular economy is not being effectively realised. PT confirms the feasibility of the framework for ecocentric strategy formulation in manufacturing. Manufacturers, policymakers and investors may use this framework to leverage the benefits of ecological embeddedness to enable continued growth and future-proofing.
Investigation of Anticorrosive Property of Carbazolecarbaldehyde Azine on Mild Steel Using Electrochemical, Morphological and Theoretical Studies
Authors: Kagatikar Sneha , Sunil Dhanya , Kumari Preethi , Shetty Prakasha 
Published: October 2020

AbstractMild steel (MS) is one among the extensively utilized materials in several industrial sectors, but prone to deterioration when exposed to acidic environment. The main focus of this study is to examine the corrosion inhibitive efficacy of 9-ethyl-3-carbazolecarboxaldehyde azine (CCA) on MS immersed in 0.5 M HCl medium. The corrosion inhibition efficiency of CCA which was investigated using potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques improved with rise in temperature and inhibitor concentration. CCA showed a maximum inhibition efficiency of 92.4% at 323 K for 5 × 10–5 M concentration in 0.5 M HCl medium. The variation in the kinetic and thermodynamic parameters indicated chemisorption of CCA on MS, and its mixed-type inhibitive action followed Langmuir’s isotherm model. The infrared spectra provided evidences for the chemical interaction of CCA with MS specimen. Surface morphology evaluation using SEM and AFM in combination with elemental analysis using an energy dispersive X-ray analyser (EDX) indicated the creation of a protective adsorption layer of CCA on MS surface. The quantum chemical investigations performed using density functional theory (DFT) computations supplemented the experimental results, suggesting the potential corrosion inhibition behavior of CCA toward MS in aggressive HCl medium.Graphic Abstract
Applying catastrophe progression method to evaluate the service quality of cold chain logistics
Authors: Zhang Hao , Shi Yuxin , Qiu Bin 
Published: October 2020

AbstractLogistics service quality (LSQ) is one of the key influential factors in the success of an ecommerce business. In view of the complexity of the topic, this paper proposes a novel model for fresh ecommerce cold chain LSQ evaluation based on the catastrophe progression method. In the proposed methodology, first an index system for evaluating the fresh ecommerce cold chain LSQ is established from the perspective of service recipients. Then, the comprehensive weight of each evaluation index is determined using a combination weighting approach based on maximizing deviations and fuzzy set theory. The priority weights and the ranking of the indices are determined using the catastrophe progression method. Finally, the model is applied in a case study of two representative enterprises. The study demonstrates the validity and practical applicability of the proposed model. Also, based on the evaluation results and findings, some improvement suggestions are made for improving the cold chain LSQ of similar kinds of fresh ecommerce companies.
Stimulation of the Anterior Nucleus of the Thalamus for Epilepsy: A Canadian Experience
Authors: Herrera Manuel L. , Suller-Marti Ana , Parrent Andrew , MacDougall Keith , Burneo Jorge G. 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT:Objective:To describe the experience with Anterior Nucleus of the Thalamus-Deep Brain Stimulation (ANT-DBS) for the treatment of epilepsy at a Canadian Center.Methods:All patients who underwent ANT-DBS implantation between 2013 (first patient implanted at our center) and 2020 were included. These patients had therapy-resistant epilepsy (TRE), were not candidates for resective surgery, and failed vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) treatment. Baseline of monthly seizure frequency was calculated within 3 months prior to VNS placement. Monthly seizure frequency was assessed at different points along the timeline: 3 months before ANT-DBS implantation as well as 3, 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, and 72 months after ANT-DBS device placement. At each time point, seizure frequency was compared to baseline.Results:Six patients were implanted with ANT-DBS. Three (50%) patients had multifocal epilepsy, one (16.6%) had focal epilepsy, and two (33.4%) had combined generalized and focal epilepsy. Two patients with multifocal epilepsy experienced a seizure reduction >50% in the long-term follow-up. Three (50%) patients did not showed improvement: two with combined generalized and focal epilepsy and one with focal epilepsy. There were not surgical or device-related side effects. Two (33.3%) patients presented mild and transient headaches as a stimulation-related side effect.Conclusion:ANT-DBS is an effective and safe treatment for focal TRE. Our experience suggests that patients with multifocal epilepsy due to regional lesion may benefit from ANT-DBS the most. Further investigations are required to determine optimal parameters of stimulation.
The impact of antibiotic allergy labels on antibiotic exposure, clinical outcomes, and healthcare costs: A systematic review
Authors: Krah Nathan M. , Jones Trahern W. , Lake Joanita , Hersh Adam L. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjective:A growing body of evidence suggests that antibiotic allergy labels as documented in medical records are a risk factor for poor clinical outcomes. In this systematic review, we aimed to determine how antibiotic allergy labels influence 3 domains: antibiotic use and exposure, clinical outcomes, and healthcare-related costs.Design:We performed a systematic review to identify studies reporting outcomes in patients with antibiotic allergy labels compared to nonallergic counterparts. The search included PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane CENTRAL, EBSCO, Cochrane Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects and Web of Science. Two reviewers independently screened studies for inclusion and abstracted data. Studies were graded using the Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment scale. Study outcomes included antibiotic use, clinical outcomes, and economic outcomes.Results:In total, 41 studies met our criteria for inclusion. These studies varied in medical specialty, patient population, healthcare delivery system, and design, but most were conducted among adults age >18 years (85%) in the inpatient setting (82.5%). Among 34 studies examining antibiotic exposure, 32 (94%) found that patients with antibiotic allergy labels received more broad-spectrum antibiotics. Moreover, 31 studies examined clinical outcomes such as length of hospitalization, ICU admission, hospital readmission, multidrug-resistant or opportunistic infection, or mortality, and 27 (87%) found that allergy-labeled patients had at least 1 negative outcome. Of 9 studies examining healthcare costs, 7 (78%) found that allergy-labeled patients incurred significantly higher drug or hospital-related costs.Conclusions:Antibiotic allergy labels have negative effects on antibiotic use, clinical outcomes, and economic outcomes in a variety of clinical settings and populations.
A Black Feminist Autoethnographic Reflection on Mentoring in the Discipline of Political Science
Authors: Thomas Lahoma 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACTAnecdotally, there is growing concern among racialized women in political science: we are too few. More distressing, however, is the number of racialized women faculty who have fallen ill or passed away at a young age. On October 9, 2018, political scientist Dr. Malinda Smith (2018) drew attention to the unfortunate trend via a series of tweets, listing the names of women in political science who had recently passed away and compelling us to bear witness.
Monte Carlo evaluation of target dose coverage in lung stereotactic body radiation therapy with flattening filter-free beams
Authors: Vassiliev Oleg N. , Peterson Christine B. , Chang Joe Y. , Mohan Radhe 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAim:Previous studies showed that replacing conventional flattened beams (FF) with flattening filter-free (FFF) beams improves the therapeutic ratio in lung stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT), but these findings could have been impacted by dose calculation uncertainties caused by the heterogeneity of the thoracic anatomy and by respiratory motion, which were particularly high for target coverage. In this study, we minimised such uncertainties by calculating doses using high-spatial-resolution Monte Carlo and four-dimensional computed tomography (4DCT) images. We aimed to evaluate more reliably the benefits of using FFF beams for lung SBRT.Materials and methods:For a cohort of 15 patients with early-stage lung cancer that we investigated in a previous treatment planning study, we recalculated dose distributions with Monte Carlo using 4DCT images. This included 15 FF and 15 FFF treatment plans.Results:Compared to Monte Carlo, the treatment planning system (TPS) over-predicted doses in low-dose regions of the planning target volume (PTV). For most patients, replacing FF beams with FFF beams improved target coverage, tumour control, and uncomplicated tumour control probabilities.Conclusions:Monte Carlo tends to reveal deficiencies in target coverage compared to coverage predicted by the TPS. Our data support previously reported benefits of using FFF beams for lung SBRT.
The Change Processes in Selective Attention during Adulthood. Inhibition or Processing Speed?
Authors: Introzzi Isabel , Zamora Eliana , Aydmune Yesica , Richard’s María Marta , Comesaña Ana , Canet-Juric Lorena 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Selective attention is involved in multiple daily activities. Several authors state that it experiences a decline after 20 years, although there is no agreement regarding the cognitive processes that explain it. Two theories dominate the discussion: The theory of inhibitory inefficiency and the theory of processing speed. At the same time, it has been suggested that there could be complementary relations between both; however, it is not clear what the contribution of inhibition and processing speed is on the changes of selective attention. Therefore, the present study proposes to analyze this contribution, in adults between 20 and 80 years old. To assess selective attention and inhibitory control, two indices of a visual search task were obtained in which participants must identify a target stimulus among a set of distracting stimuli. To evaluate the processing speed, a response speed task was used. The main results indicate that, from the age of 60, a gradual decrease in selective attention begins and that this decline can be largely explained by a decrease in processing speed and inhibitory control. We discuss about the literature on the development of selective attention, the contribution of processing speed, and the inhibitory inefficiency hypothesis.
Das DC: 0 – 5 Klassifikationssystem zur Diagnose von psychischen Störungen bei Säuglingen, Klein- und Vorschulkindern
Authors: von Gontard Alexander , Bolten Margarete , In-Albon Tina , Equit Monika , Hussong Justine 
Published: October 2020

Zusammenfassung. Psychische Störungen sind bei jungen Kindern häufig und weisen eine entwicklungsbezogene Symptomatik auf. Die DC: 0 – 5 wurde als ein multiaxiales Klassifikationssystem psychischer Störungen für das Alter von 0 bis 5 Jahren entwickelt. Das Ziel dieser Übersicht ist es, den Aufbau und die Anwendung der DC: 0 – 5 darzustellen. Sie umfasst die fünf Achsen: klinische Störungen, Beziehungskontext, medizinische Diagnosen, psychosoziale Stressoren und Entwicklungskompetenzen. Die erste Achse ist die wichtigste und hat viele neue Störungsbilder definiert. Als neue Angststörung bezeichnet z. B. die Störung mit Inhibition gegenüber Neuem eine Furcht gegenüber neuen Stimuli. Ein Novum ist die Spezifische Beziehungsstörung der frühen Kindheit, die das Auftreten von einer kindlichen Symptomatik speziell in einer Beziehung definiert und eine akute Gefährdung des Kindes signalisiert. Die DC: 0 – 5 ist das derzeitig beste System zur Erfassung psychischer Störungen bei jungen Kindern. Eine weitere empirische Überprüfung und Validierung gerade der neuen Kategorien ist notwendig.