bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dual ecosystem services of syrphid flies (Diptera: Syrphidae): pollinators and biological control agents
Authors: Dunn Lucinda , Lequerica Manuel , Reid Chris R , Latty Tanya 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWith increasing worldwide pressure on bee pollinator populations and an increase in insecticide resistance amongst pest insects, there is a growing need for diversification of pollinator and pest control systems. Syrphid flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) contribute ecosystem services to agroecosystems through their supporting roles as crop pollinators and predators of pests. Adult syrphids are important pollinators with high floral visitation rates and pollen carrying capacity, while predatory syrphid larvae are natural biological control agents, reducing aphid populations in both field and laboratory conditions. The present challenge is to determine whether syrphid flies have the potential for application as pollinators and in integrated pest management schemes as biological control agents. Currently, there are gaps in research that are hindering the use of syrphids as dual service providers. Such gaps include a lack of knowledge of syrphid floral preferences, the role and viability of adult syrphids as pollinators in natural and agro‐ecological pollinator networks, and the predatory efficiency of larvae in field and glasshouse conditions. By reviewing relevant literature, we demonstrate syrphid flies have the potential to be used as pollinators and biological control agents. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Asynchronous control for two‐dimensional hidden Markovian jump systems with partly known mode observation conditional probabilities
Authors: Zhu Jin , Li Chaoxiang , Dullerud Geir E. 
Published: March 2020

SummaryThis study focuses on the asynchronous control problem for two‐dimensional discrete‐time hidden Markovian jump systems where the mode observation conditional probability matrix is partly known. Considering the original system modes are invisible, the observed modes emitted from an observer serve as an alternative for stability analysis and controller design where a mode observation conditional probability matrix is constructed to characterize the emission between system modes and observed modes. Specially, only partly known information of the mode observation conditional probability matrix is accessible. With the introduction of the free‐connection weighting matrices, the asymptotic mean square stability criterion is firstly derived based on Lyapunov method. This introduction provides a further degree of relaxation and less conservatism is therefore achieved. Secondly, we present synthesis conditions for asynchronous state feedback controller design given in terms of a set of interconnected linear matrix inequalities. Moreover, cluster concept based on the partitions of observed modes is adopted which helps to decrease the number of controllers and simplify the design complexity. A numerical example, regarding the cases with and without clustering of the observed modes, is presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
N‐Doped Carbon Material Derived from Riboflavin as Host of Sulfur for Enhanced Lithium‐Sulfur Battery
Authors: Zhang Qian , Wu Lingshan , Jiang Wei , Tang Shuihua 
Published: March 2020

AbstractLithium‐sulfur battery still has several critical challenges, which severely restrict its practical applications. Nitrogen‐doped carbon material (N−C) has not only good electronic conductivity but also stronger chemical adsorption with intermediates of polysulfides, thus can effectively alleviate the shuttle effect. Riboflavin with advantages of cheap and nontoxic carbon/nitrogen source will be used to synthesize N−C, and will be firstly applied as sulfur host. The obtained N−C/S electrode shows initial capacity of 773.6 mAh g−1 at 0.5 C and capacity retention of 76.6% after 100 cycles, the capacity retention capability is much better than that of XC‐72/S electrode with same sulfur content. Even at bigger current density of 1 C, the specific capacity of the battery is still up to 353.3 mAh g−1. This excellent performance of the N−C/S electrode is ascribed to strong chemical binding of polysulfides to N−C.
Solid‐Phase Synthesis of Clickable Psicofuranose Glycocarbamates and Application of Their Self‐Assembled Nanovesicles for Curcumin Encapsulation
Authors: Vangala Madhuri , Yousf Saleem , Chugh Jeetender , Hotha Srinivas 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAmong the cyclic forms of carbohydrates, pyranoside derivatives have widely contributed to the well‐defined nanoassemblies. However, nanoassemblies originating from furanoside derivatives/oligomers, excluding nucleosides are underrepresented. Herein, we discuss the design and solid‐phase synthesis of homoligomers of a new class of clickable psicofuranose glycocarbamates that display nanovesicular/spherical nanostructures, an occurrence rarely observed in furanoside oligomers. The key intermediate, D‐(‐)‐fructose derived 2‐azido psicofuranose carbonate, was converted into dimeric and tetrameric azido‐glycocarbamates on solid‐phase which on subsequent “Click” reaction provided triazolyl glycocarbamates. These amphiphilic glycocarbamates self‐assembled into thermally and proteolytically stable spherical vesicles of 200‐800 nm size with visible hollow nature in CH3OH and tightly packed sphericals in CH3OH‐H2O. These nanostructures are characterized by various microscopy techniques. Effect of Cu+2 and Zn+2 ions, various cationic stimuli on the morphology of these nanostructures was studied. Hydrophobic drug curcumin was encapsulated in the hollow vesicles and release of the drug was investigated.
Ultrasonic‐Ball Milling: A Novel Strategy to Prepare Large‐Size Ultrathin 2D Materials
Authors: Shi Dong , Yang Mingzhi , Chang Bin , Ai Zizheng , Zhang Kang , Shao Yongliang , Wang Shouzhi , Wu Yongzhong , Hao Xiaopeng 
Published: March 2020

AbstractLarge‐size ultrathin 2D materials, with extensive applications in optics, medicine, biology, and semiconductor fields, can be prepared through an existing common physical and chemical process. However, the current exfoliation technologies still need to be improved upon with urgency. Herein, a novel and simple “ultrasonic‐ball milling” strategy is reported to effectively obtain high quality and large size ultrathin 2D materials with complete lattice structure through the introduction of moderate sapphire (Al2O3) abrasives in a liquid phase system. Ultimately numerous high‐quality ultrathin h‐BN, graphene, MoS2, WS2, and BCN nanosheets are obtained with large sizes ranging from 1–20 µm, small thickness of ≈1–3 nm and a high yield of over 20%. Utilizing shear and friction force synergistically, this strategy provides a new method and alternative for preparing and optimizing large size ultrathin 2D materials.
Simultaneous quantification of perindopril erbumine, indapamide and amlodipine besylate in newer combination of anti‐hypertensive drugs in pharmaceutical dosage form by thin layer chromatography method
Authors: Patel Kirtan , Chhalotiya Usmangani , Kachhiya Hetaben , Patel Jay , Shah Dimal , Nagda Dhruti 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA sensitive, precise, robust and accurate high performance thin layer chromatographic method was developed and validated base on ICH Q2 (R1) guideline for the simultaneous estimation of Perindopril erbumine, Indapamide and Amlodipine besylate in bulk and combined Triplixam marketed tablet dosage formulation. Pre‐coated silica gel aluminum plate 60 F254 was selected as the stationary phase and dichloromethane: methanol: toluene: glacial acetic acid (7: 1: 2: 0.1, v/v/v/v) was used as developing mobile phase. The common detection wavelength for Perindopril erbumine, Indapamide and Amlodipine besylate was carried out at 215 nm. The method was validated for linearity, precision, accuracy, and robustness, limit of detection and limit of quantitation as per ICH parameters. The correlation coefficient (r2) of Perindopril erbumine, Indapamide and Amlodipine besylate were found to be 0.9987, 0.9987 and 0.9996, respectively. The mean of percentage recovery of Perindopril erbumine, Indapamide and Amlodipine besylate were found to be 99.38‐101.81, 100.61‐102.68 and 99.87‐101.95%, respectively. The proposed thin layer chromatography method has potential qualitative as well as quantitative applications for simultaneous estimation of Perindopril erbumine, Indapamide and amlodipine besylate in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form.
Assessment of synergetic effect on microscopic and mechanical properties of steel‐polypropylene hybrid fiber reinforced concrete
Authors: Singh Niraj Kumar , Rai Baboo 
Published: March 2020

AbstractFiber reinforced concrete (FRC) is presently being replaced with plain concrete for its superior performance. In most cases, FRC contains just a single kind of fiber. The utilization of at least two kinds of fibers in an appropriate mix can possibly improve the mechanical properties of concrete and result in performance synergy. This paper explores the effect of using steel fiber and polypropylene fiber for reinforcing the concrete to quantify the mechanical properties of the concrete composite. The purpose of this research was to analyze the flexural strength, tensile strength, sorptivity and elasticity modulus of steel, and polypropylene hybrid fiber composite. Crimped steel fibers in conjunction with polypropylene fiber at different volume fractions were utilized. A nondestructive methodology in light of ultrasonic pulse velocity measurements was utilized to evaluate the dynamic elastic modulus. The scanning electron microscope was used to assess the properties of the concrete mixtures, the interfacial bond between fiber and the concrete matrix. The results were analyzed to evaluate fiber synergy if any associated with different volume fractions of fiber. The paper identifies the volume fraction of hybrid fiber that demonstrates maximum synergy under the essential mechanical properties of steel‐polypropylene hybrid fiber reinforced concrete.
Fractional‐order freezing‐and‐thawing damage model for hydraulic concrete subjected to variable temperature processes
Authors: Huang Yaoying , Wang Yu , Wang Ronglu , Zhou Yong , Ding Qian 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSince research on the freezing‐and‐thawing damage experienced by hydraulic concrete subjected to variable temperatures is currently rudimentary, it is difficult to use existing models to quantitatively reflect the damage of actual hydraulic engineering concrete under such conditions. This study first presents a formula to calculate the equivalent damage age through an analogy with the equivalent age theory, and the results of this formula can comprehensively reflect the relationship between the freezing‐and‐thawing process at variable temperatures and concrete damage. Then, this study establishes a fractional freezing‐and‐thawing damage model for hydraulic concrete subjected to freezing‐and‐thawing cycles at variable temperatures according to fractional calculus theory. New model parameters for freezing‐and‐thawing damage are identified and optimized with existing testing data acquired under variable freezing‐and‐thawing temperatures. Moreover, the applicability of the new model is verified with different freezing‐and‐thawing temperature data obtained from supplemental freezing‐and‐thawing tests performed in this study. The analysis results show that the new concrete freezing‐and‐thawing damage model can accurately reflect the changes in concrete strength during freezing‐and‐thawing cycles at variable temperatures.
Tree-level splitting amplitudes for a quark into four collinear partons
Authors: Del Duca Vittorio , Duhr Claude , Haindl Rayan , Lazopoulos Achilleas , Michel Martin 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
We compute in conventional dimensional regularisation the tree-level splitting amplitudes for a quark parent in the limit where four partons become collinear to each other. This is part of the universal infrared behaviour of the QCD scattering amplitudes at next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order (N3LO) in the strong coupling constant. Further, we consider the iterated limit when m′ massless partons become collinear to each other within a bigger set of m collinear partons, as well as the limits when one gluon or a q$$ \overline{q} $$

q
¯

pair or two gluons become soft within a set of m collinear partons.
The effect of training on workers’ perceived job match quality
Authors: Zhang Yi , Salm Martin , van Soest Arthur 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWe study the causal effect of training on job match quality using longitudinal data for a representative sample of the Dutch population. We construct an index of workers’ perceived job match quality from five survey questions on job satisfaction and on how a worker’s education and skills match with the job. Based on a dynamic linear panel data model, which accounts for potential endogeneity in training, we find that training has significantly positive short- and long-term effects on job match quality. This is mainly driven by training for human capital accumulation. Further analysis incorporating job changes shows that training for job change purpose increases the probability to change jobs, but job changes immediately following this type of training do not significantly increase job match quality. On the other hand, those who change jobs 1 year after this training do tend to get a better-matched job.
Preoperative Low Vital Capacity Influences Survival After Esophagectomy for Patients with Esophageal Carcinoma
Authors: Sugawara Kotaro , Mori Kazuhiko , Okumura Yasuhiro , Yagi Koichi , Aikou Susumu , Uemura Yukari , Yamashita Hiroharu , Seto Yasuyuki 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundAssessment of preoperative physiological status is crucial for optimizing clinical outcomes in patients undergoing surgery for esophageal carcinoma (EC). We aimed to evaluate the prognostic impact of pulmonary dysfunctions and their relationships with other physiological factors, especially sarcopenia, in EC patients receiving esophagectomy.MethodsIn total, 411 EC patients who underwent esophagectomy between 2006 and 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. Preoperative pulmonary functions were evaluated based on %vital capacity (%VC) and forced expiratory volume (FEV) 1.0%. The thresholds were set as the lowest quartile (99% for %VC and 68.6% for FEV1.0%) in this cohort.ResultsOne hundred and two patients (24.8%) had low %VC (%VC < 99%), which was significantly associated with age, comorbidity, sarcopenia and postoperative complications, while not correlating with pathological variables. The overall survival (OS) of patients in the low %VC group was significantly poorer than that of those in the high %VC group (P < 0.001), especially in those with pStage 0–II diseases (P < 0.001). In contrast, survival was not stratified by FEV1.0% (P = 0.80). Notably, patients with both low %VC and sarcopenia showed very poor 5‐year OS (30.3%). Multivariate analysis revealed low %VC to be independently associated with poor OS (P = 0.03). In the cause‐specific survival analyses, low %VC was an independent predictor of deaths from non‐EC‐related causes (P = 0.03).ConclusionsPreoperative low %VC was independently associated with poor survival outcomes, especially when present in combination with sarcopenia, due to an increased risk of death from non‐EC‐related causes. Preoperative spirometry testing is useful for predicting long‐term outcomes in EC patients undergoing esophagectomy.
Production of Mannosylerythritol Lipids (MELs) to be Used as Antimicrobial Agents Against S. aureus ATCC 6538
Authors: Ceresa Chiara , Hutton Simon , Lajarin-Cuesta Marta , Heaton Robert , Hargreaves Iain , Fracchia Letizia , De Rienzo Mayri A. Díaz 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAntimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a current major health issue, both for the high rates of resistance observed in bacteria that cause common infections and for the complexity of the consequences of AMR. Pathogens like Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Mycobacterium tuberculosis among others are clear examples of antibiotic-resistant threats. Biosurfactants have recently emerged as a potential new generation of anti-adhesive and anti-biofilm agents; mannosylerythritol lipids (MELs) are biosurfactants produced by a range of fungi. A range of structural variants of MELs can be formed and the proportion of each isomer in the fermentation depends on the yeast used, the carbon substrate used for growth and the duration of the fermentation. In order to allow assessment of the possible functions of MELs as antimicrobial molecules, small quantities of MEL were produced by controlled fermentation. Fermentations of the yeast Pseudozyma aphidis using rapeseed oil as a carbon source yielded up to 165 gMELs/kgSubstrate. The MELs formed by this strain was a mixture of MEL-A, MEL-B, MEL-C and MEL-D. The MELs produced were tested against S. aureus ATCC 6538 on pre-formed biofilm and on co-incubation biofilm experiments on silicone discs; showing a disruption of biomass, reduction of the biofilm metabolic activity and a bacteriostatic/bactericidal effect confirmed by a release of oxygen uptake $$p_{{{\text{O}}_{2} }}$$

p

O
2

, the reduction of citrate synthase activity and scanning electron microscopy. The results show that MELs are promising antimicrobial molecules for biomedical technological applications that could be studied in detail in large-scale systems and in conjunction with animal tissue models.
Early recovery after surgery for radical cystectomy: comprehensive assessment and meta-analysis of existing protocols
Authors: Wessels F. , Lenhart M. , Kowalewski K. F. , Braun V. , Terboven T. , Roghmann F. , Michel M. S. , Honeck P. , Kriegmair M. C. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Different enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols (EP) for radical cystectomy (RC) have been published. Protocols highly differ in number of included items and specific measures.

Materials and methods
A systematic review and meta-analysis on EPs in RC were performed using the databases MedLine, Cochrane Library, Web of science, and Google Scholar. The specific ERAS measures of the protocols were extracted, analyzed, and compared. Pooling of available outcome data was performed for length of stay, complications, readmission rate, and time to defecation.

Results
The search yielded a total of 860 studies of which 25 studies were included in qualitative and 22 in quantitative analysis. Oral bowel preparation (BP) was omitted in 24/25 (96%) EPs, optimized fluid management was administered in 22/25 (88%) EPs and early mobilization (postoperative day 1) in 21/25 (84%). Gum chewing (n = 12, 46%), metoclopramide (n = 11, 44%), and alvimopan (n = 6, 24%) were the most common measures to prevent postoperative ileus. Our meta-analysis revealed a significant benefit in favor of EPs for the outcome parameters length of stay [mean difference (MD) − 3.46 d, 95% confidence interval (CI) − 4.94 to − 1.98, p < 0.01], complications [Odds ratio (OR) = 0.76, 95% CI 0.61–0.94, p = 0.01] and time to defecation (MD − 1.37 d, 95% CI − 2.06 to − 0.69, p < 0.01). Readmission rate did not show a significant difference (OR = 0.73, 95% CI 0.52–1.03, p = 0.07).

Conclusion
Current EPs focus on omitting oral BP, early mobilization, and optimized fluid management while they differ in methods preventing postoperative ileus. Our meta-analysis revealed a benefit in introducing these protocols into clinical practice.
Do riblets exhibit fully rough behaviour?
Authors: Gatti Davide , von Deyn Lars , Forooghi Pourya , Frohnapfel Bettina 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Trapezoidal riblets are experimentally investigated in both their drag-reducing and drag-increasing regimes in an air turbulent channel flow facility. The nondimensional riblet spacing $$s^+$$s+ and height $$h^+$$h+ in viscous units are varied by changing the bulk Reynolds number in the range $$5 \times 10^3<{\mathrm{Re}}_b<8.5 \times 10^4$$5×103<Reb<8.5×104. The change in skin-friction drag is accurately measured by comparing the pressure drop across the test section with smooth and ribbed walls at given values of $${\mathrm{Re}}_\mathrm{b}$$Reb. The results show that riblets in the drag-increasing regime behave like typical “k”-type roughness in the fully rough regime only up to $$h^+ \sim 30$$h+∼30, at odds with present understanding. Further increase in $$h^+$$h+ yields a constant relative change of wall shear stress and thus a clear deviation from the fully rough behaviour. The present results are accessible online at the following digital object identifier: 10.5445/IR/1000089978.

Graphic abstract
Infratentorial choroid plexus tumors in children
Authors: Trybula S. Joy , Karras Constantine , Bowman Robin M. , Alden Tord D. , DiPatri Arthur J. , Tomita Tadanori 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objective
Choroid plexus tumors (CPTs) are rare pediatric intracranial neoplasms, and mostly occur in the lateral ventricle. CPTs located in the infratentorial location are considered to be rare in the pediatric population. We present a series of eight patients treated in the last decade at our institution focusing on clinical presentations and their outcome after excision.

Methods
We performed an institutional retrospective review of patients who underwent surgical resection of infratentorial CPTs during the period from 2008 to 2017. Patients’ charts were reviewed for demographic data, clinical presentation, surgical treatment, and follow-up.

Results
There were eight patients (6 females and 2 males), with mean age for the cohort at presentation was 9.0 years. They represent 75% of 12 CPTs of all locations treated at the same period in our institution. These 8 infratentorial CPTs were in the fourth ventricle in seven, and in the cerebellopontine angle (CPA) in one. Seven patients had choroid plexus papillomas (WHO grade I) and 1 had an atypical choroid plexus papilloma (WHO grade II). Gross total resection was attempted in all patients. However, two of 3 patients with fourth ventricle floor invasion had subtotal resection with a thin layer of tumor left on the floor. The remaining 6 had a gross total resection. Six patients with preoperative hydrocephalus had a perioperative external ventricular drainage but none required permanent shunting after tumor resection. None showed recurrence/tumor progression without adjuvant therapy during the follow-up period of 20 months to 11 years.

Conclusion
Infratentorial dominance among pediatric CPTs in this series contradicts previous reports. Infratentorial CPTs are amenable to surgical resection. Unresected small residuals due to invasion to the fourth ventricle floor showed no regrowth during 2 to 3 years follow-up without adjuvant therapy. However, these patients with incomplete resection need watchful observations.