bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Considerations in the replacement of over‐retained primary teeth with implant restorations in the esthetic zone: A case report
Authors: Jang Jae Yeon , Lee Sang J. , Lee Jason D. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractObjectiveThere exist several treatment planning and clinical challenges when treating over‐retained primary teeth with dental implants—especially in the esthetic zone where the existing hard and soft tissue positions are not in harmony with adjacent dentition and do not serve as reliable landmarks for implant placement and restoration. In this report, we highlight some of the key aspects for achieving predictable treatment outcomes for implant restorations replacing over‐retained primary teeth in the esthetic zone.Clinical considerationsThis clinical report describes the treatment of a patient who presented with over‐retained deciduous canines consequent to congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisors. The deciduous canines were deemed hopeless, and subsequently replaced with immediately placed implants following a computer‐guided protocol. The optimal implant positions were determined through a diagnostic wax‐up correcting the existing gingival discrepancies with the adjacent teeth. Existing periapical infections were addressed utilizing a vestibular approach to minimize the postoperative recession and scarring and achieve a more predictable esthetic outcome. Final restorations were fabricated with all ceramic materials for optimal esthetics.ConclusionWhen planning for implants to replace over‐retained primary teeth, it is essential to visualize the desired contours of the final restorations and correct the level of the existing gingival discrepancies by planning the proper implant position and angulation in relation to the adjacent teeth and gingival positions.Clinical significanceCareful treatment planning coupled with a guided implant workflow allows for a successful surgical and esthetic outcome for the replacement of over‐retained primary teeth with implant restorations.
Detection of multiple naturally occurring Salmonella serotypes from commercial broiler carcasses with conventional methods
Authors: Cox Nelson A. , Berrang Mark E. , House Sandra L. , Hinton Arthur , Eric Line J. , Wiggins Latoya T. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMany laboratories sampling foods for Salmonella are interested only in presence or absence of Salmonella, so only one colony may be selected. The objectives of this study were to use two selective enrichment broths and two selective agar plating media for Salmonella recovery from naturally contaminated broiler carcass rinsates and evaluate these media combinations on Salmonella serotypes recovered from each carcass. Broiler carcasses (n = 52) from a commercial processing plant prior to chilling were rinsed with buffered peptone water and after incubation subcultured to gram‐negative and tetrathionate, and after inoculation to Rappaport Vassiliadis broth which was incubated and then streaked onto plates of Brilliant Green Sulfa and Xylose‐Lysine‐Tergitol‐4 agar. On 11/49 positive carcasses, both plating media yielded the same serotypes; for the other 38 positive samples different serotypes were found on the different plating media. Enrichment and plating media combinations influence the serotypes recovered and demonstrates bias even in a limited study such as this.
Habitual protein intake, protein distribution patterns and dietary sources in Irish adults with stratification by sex and age
Authors: Hone M. , Nugent A. P. , Walton J. , McNulty B. A. , Egan B. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundGiven the importance of habitual dietary protein intake, distribution patterns and dietary sources in the aetiology of age‐related declines of muscle mass and function, the present study examined these factors as a function of sex and age in Irish adults aged 18–90 years comprising The National Adult Nutrition Survey (NANS).MethodsIn total, 1051 (males, n = 523; females, n = 528) undertook a 4‐day semi‐weighed food diary. Total, body mass relative intake and percentage contribution to total energy intake of dietary protein were determined in addition to protein distribution scores (PDS), as well as the contribution of food groups, animal‐ and plant‐based foods to total protein intake.ResultsTotal and relative protein intake [mean (SD)] were highest in those aged 18–35 years [96 (3) g day–1, 1.32 (0.40) g kg−1 day−1], with lower protein intakes with increasing age (i.e. in adults aged ≥65 years [82 (22) g, 1.15 (0.34) g kg−1 day−1, P < 0.001 for both]. Differences in protein intake between age groups were more pronounced in males compared to females. Protein distribution followed a skewed pattern for all age groups [breakfast, 15 (10) g; lunch, 30 (15) g; dinner, 44 (17) g]. Animal‐based foods were the dominant protein source within the diet [63% (11%) versus 37% (11%) plant protein, P < 0.001].ConclusionsProtein intake and the number of meals reaching the purported threshold for maximising post‐prandial anabolism were highest in young adults, and lower with increasing age. For main meals, breakfast provided the lowest quantity of protein across all age categories and may represent an opportunity for improving protein distribution, whereas, in older adults, increasing the number of meals reaching the anabolic threshold regardless of distribution pattern may be more appropriate.
Health care utilisation in infants and young children born to women with intellectual and developmental disabilities: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Salaeva D. , Tarasoff L. A. , Brown H. K. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundMothers with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) experience socio‐economic and health disparities which could impact their offspring's health care utilisation. We systematically reviewed evidence on health care utilisation in infants and young children of women with and without IDD.MethodsMEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and PsycINFO were searched from inception to October 2019 for studies examining preventive care, immunisations, emergency department visits, and hospitalisations. Data extraction and quality assessment were performed using standardised tools. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were generated using random effects models for outcomes with data available from ≥3 studies.ResultsFour articles describing three cohort studies and one cross‐sectional study met our criteria. Maternal IDD status was associated with increased neonatal intensive care unit admission rates (pooled OR 2.03; 95% CI 1.31, 3.13). There were no differences in immunisation rates or hospitalisations.ConclusionsFew studies have examined the impact of maternal IDD status on health care utilisation in their infants and young children. More high‐quality studies are needed.
Laparoscopic‐assisted myomectomy: Surgery center versus outpatient hospital
Authors: Danilyants Natalya , Mamik Mamta M. , MacKoul Paul , van der Does Louise Q. , Haworth Leah 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAimTo compare the safety protocols and operative outcomes of women undergoing laparoscopic‐assisted myomectomy (LAM) by the same surgeons at a freestanding ambulatory surgery center (ASC) versus a hospital outpatient setting.MethodsRetrospective chart review of all women ≥18 years old with symptomatic leiomyoma, who underwent LAM with uterine artery occlusion or ligation for blood loss control, at a freestanding ASC between 2013 and 2017, and an outpatient hospital setting between 2011 and 2013, both serving the metropolitan Washington, DC area. The procedures were performed by two minimally invasive gynecologic surgical specialists from a single practice. The safety protocols of each setting were reviewed to identify similarities and differences.ResultsA total of 816 LAM cases were analyzed (ASC = 588, hospital = 228). The rate of complications was comparable across settings, as was the average myoma weight (ASC = 396.2 g; hospital = 461.5 g; P = 0.064). Operative time was significantly shorter at the ASC: 68 min (95% CI 66–70) versus 80 min at hospital (95% CI 76–84), P < 0.0001. Ambulatory surgery center and hospital protocols differed in limits of preoperative hemoglobin (minimum 9.0 g/dL, 7.5 g/dL respectively), lower nurse/patient ratio in PACU, and were similar in intraoperative surgical safety standards.ConclusionLaparoscopic‐assisted myomectomy can be performed safely and effectively by skilled surgeons at a freestanding ASC, even in patients with morbid obesity or large leiomyoma.
Clinical applications of uterus transplantation in China: Issues to take into consideration
Authors: Liu Yu , Zhang Ying , Ding Yan , Chen Gaowen , Zhang Xuyin , Wang Yifeng , Hua Keqin 
Published: January 2020

AbstractUterus transplantation (UTx) is an emerging surgical treatment for patients with absolute uterine factor infertility. However, the initial low surgical success of human UTx from the teams worldwide has revealed the difficulty of the surgery and called for preparatory team training in large animals. Also, the team who carried out the human UTx without previous systematic research in large animals or deceased donors encountered transplant failures, which was controversial and even deprived them of further trials. Various UTx studies in large animals, including dogs, pigs, sheep and macaques have been performed in China from different teams, compared to other countries around the world. However, among over 70 UTx that have been carried out worldwide, only three were carried out in China, with one live baby achieved. In this paper, we explore the possible challenges for human UTx in China. We conclude that it is critical to learn the lessons from the international team and adopt the international ethic views regarding UTx on humans. Also, it would be positive for the Chinese groups to establishing an academic society for UTx with regular meetings, which will raise public awareness of UTx, and guide the proper development of human UTx in China.
Juggling Between Parental and School Expectations: The Development of Domain‐Specific Acculturation Orientations in Early Adolescence
Authors: Vietze Jana , Schachner Maja K. , Juang Linda , van de Vijver Fons J.R. , Noack Peter 
Published: January 2020

We examined how perceived acculturation expectations from parents and school, and ethnic discrimination predicted early adolescents’ heritage and mainstream acculturation orientations at home (private domain) and in school (public domain) one year later. We surveyed 263 early adolescents of immigrant background in Germany (Mage = 10.44 years, 60% female). Multigroup path analyses revealed that perceived acculturation expectations and ethnic discrimination were more strongly related to adolescents’ private than public acculturation orientations. Parental heritage expectations were the strongest predictor of adolescents’ acculturation orientations. Boys were more susceptible than girls to ethnic discrimination and acculturation expectations in school, which affected their private and public acculturation orientations. Results highlight the importance of integrating domain‐specific and gendered experiences when analyzing adolescents’ acculturative development.
The structure of the Legionella response regulator LqsR reveals amino acids critical for phosphorylation and dimerization
Authors: Hochstrasser Ramon , Hutter Cedric A. J. , Arnold Fabian M. , Bärlocher Kevin , Seeger Markus A. , Hilbi Hubert 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe water‐borne bacterium Legionella pneumophila replicates in environmental protozoa and upon inhalation destroys alveolar macrophages, thus causing a potentially fatal pneumonia termed ‘Legionnaires’ disease’. L. pneumophila employs the Legionella quorum sensing (Lqs) system to control its life cycle, pathogen–host cell interactions, motility and natural competence. Signaling through the Lqs system occurs through the α‐hydroxyketone compound Legionella autoinducer‐1 (LAI‐1) and converges on the prototypic response regulator LqsR, which dimerizes upon phosphorylation of the conserved aspartate, D108. In this study, we determine the high‐resolution structure of monomeric LqsR. The structure reveals a receiver domain adopting a canonical (βα)5 fold, which is connected through an additional sixth helix and an extended α5‐helix to a novel output domain. The two domains delineate a mainly positively charged groove, and the output domain adopts a five‐stranded antiparallel β‐sheet fold similar to nucleotide‐binding proteins. Structure‐based mutagenesis identified amino acids critical for LqsR phosphorylation and dimerization. Upon phosphorylation, the LqsRD172A and LqsRD302N/E303Q mutant proteins dimerized even more readily than wild‐type LqsR, and no evidence for semi‐phosphorylated heterodimers was obtained. Taken together, the high‐resolution structure of LqsR reveals functionally relevant amino acid residues implicated in signal transduction of the prototypic response regulator.
A proper PiCAT2 level is critical for sporulation, sporangium function, and pathogenicity of Phytophthora infestans
Authors: Wang Tu‐Hong , Wang Xiao‐Wen , Zhu Xiao‐Qiong , He Qun , Guo Li‐Yun 
Published: January 2020

AbstractCatalase is present in prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms and is important for the protective effects of the antioxidant system against free radicals. Many studies have confirmed that catalase is required for the growth, development, and pathogenesis of bacteria, plants, animals, and fungi. However, there has been relatively little research on the catalases in oomycetes, which form an important group of fungus‐like eukaryotes that produce zoosporangia. In this study, we detected two Phytophthora infestans genes encoding catalases, but only PiCAT2 exhibited catalase activity in the sporulation stage and was highly produced during asexual reproduction and in the late infection stage. Compared with the wild‐type strain, the PiCAT2‐silenced P. infestans transformants were more sensitive to abiotic stress, were less pathogenic, and had a lower colony expansion rate and lower PiMPK7, PiVPS1, and PiGPG1 expression levels. In contrast, the PiCAT2‐overexpressed transformants were slightly less sensitive to abiotic stress. Interestingly, increasing and decreasing PiCAT2 expression from the normal level inhibited sporulation, germination, and infectivity, and down‐regulated PiCdc14 expression, but up‐regulated PiSDA1 expression. These results suggest that PiCAT2 is required for P. infestans mycelial growth, asexual reproduction, abiotic stress tolerance, and pathogenicity. However, a proper PiCAT2 level is critical for the formation and normal function of sporangia. Furthermore, PiCAT2 affects P. infestans sporangial formation and function, pathogenicity, and abiotic stress tolerance by regulating the expression of cell cycle‐related genes (PiCdc14 and PiSDA1) and MAPK pathway genes. Our findings provide new insights into catalase functions in eukaryotic pathogens.
Changes in the relative prevalence of candidaemia due to non‐albicans Candida species in adult in‐patients: A systematic review, meta‐analysis and meta‐regression
Authors: Giacobbe Daniele Roberto , Maraolo Alberto Enrico , Simeon Vittorio , Magnè Federica , Pace Maria Caterina , Gentile Ivan , Chiodini Paolo , Viscoli Claudio , Sanguinetti Maurizio , Mikulska Malgorzata , Fiore Marco , Bassetti Matteo 
Published: January 2020

SummaryBackgroundCandidaemia remains associated with high mortality and increased costs worldwide.ObjectiveTo assess the changes over time in the relative prevalence of non‐albicans candidaemia (NAC).MethodsA systematic review, meta‐analysis and meta‐regression were performed. Observational studies investigating the epidemiology of consecutive, non‐selected, candidaemia episodes were included. Two separated analyses were conducted: (a) whole hospital analysis and (b) intensive care unit (ICU) analysis.ResultsStarting from an initial total of 7726 records, 220 studies fulfilled inclusion criteria. The pooled prevalence of NAC in whole hospital analysis was 49.5% (95% confidence intervals [CI] 48.0‐51.1, I2 93.1%), while the pooled prevalence in ICU analysis was 50.6% (95% CI 46.6‐54.6; I2 86.7%). In meta‐regression, a progressive increase in NAC prevalence was observed in whole hospital analysis, although it explained only a small portion of between‐study variance (estimated yearly prevalence change +0.3%, 95% CI from +0.1% to +0.5%, P = .003; adjusted R2 3.42%) and was observed only in some continents in subgroup analyses. No relevant changes over time were observed in NAC prevalence for ICU studies.ConclusionsWe registered an increasing trend in the relative prevalence of NAC, which, nonetheless, seems to be limited to some continents and to contribute only minimally to explain the observed differences in NAC prevalence across studies.
First seizure in adolescent immediately following E‐cigarette use: Two patient cases
Authors: Liu Emilie N. , McIntosh Andrew 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe health risks of e‐cigarettes have been increasingly called into question due to their high nicotine concentration, rapid nicotine delivery mechanism, and large user population. Details concerning potential health risks, patterns of use, and risk factors surrounding e‐cigarette use are still being fully elucidated. We describe two adolescent patients who both presented with a first‐time, generalized tonic‐clonic seizure immediately after vaping a high‐concentration nicotine e‐cigarette. Neither had any epilepsy risk factors, and their medical histories, neurological examinations, brain magnetic resonance images, and electroencephalograms were normal. The findings presented in this report strengthen the isolated link between e‐cigarette use and seizure risk.
Rapid evolution in plant–microbe interactions – an evolutionary genomics perspective
Authors: de Vries Sophie , Stukenbrock Eva H. , Rose Laura E. 
Published: January 2020

SummaryAccess to greater genomic resolution through new sequencing technologies is transforming the field of plant pathology. As scientists embrace these new methods, some overarching patterns and observations come into focus. Evolutionary genomic studies are used to determine not only the origins of pathogen lineages and geographic patterns of genetic diversity, but also to discern how natural selection structures genetic variation across the genome. With greater and greater resolution, we can now pinpoint the targets of selection on a large scale. At multiple levels, crypsis and convergent evolution are evident. Host jumps and shifts may be more pervasive than once believed, and hybridization and horizontal gene transfer (HGT) likely play important roles in the emergence of genetic novelty.
Factors Associated With Sleep Quality in Patients With Chronic Widespread Pain Attending Multidisciplinary Treatment
Authors: de Rooij Aleid , van der Leeden Marike , Roorda Leo D. , Rinkema Marieke , Beuving Willemine , Dekker Joost 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPurpose(1) To investigate the prevalence of poor sleep quality and (2) to explore the associations between clinical, cognitive, and emotional factors and quality of sleep in patients with chronic widespread pain (CWP) receiving multidisciplinary treatment.MethodBaseline data were used from 163 patients with CWP referred for multidisciplinary treatment. Linear regression models were used to assess the relationship of clinical (pain, fatigue, pain interference, and disability), emotional (anxiety, depression, and psychological distress), and cognitive factors (catastrophizing, acceptance, self‐efficacy, kinesiophobia and illness beliefs) with sleep quality, as measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index.ResultsPoor sleep quality was found in 92% of the patients. The multivariable model showed that a higher level of fatigue (b = 1.77, standard error [SE] = 0.62, β = 0.21, t = 2.87, P < 0.01), psychological distress (b = 0.02, SE = 0.01, β = 0.27, t = 3.50, P < 0.01), and more concerns about the illness (b = 0.46, SE = 0.18, β = 0.20, t = 2.57, P = 0.01) were independently associated with poorer quality of sleep. The overall linear regression model explains 27.9% of sleep quality.ConclusionsThe high prevalence of poor sleep quality in patients with CWP referred for multidisciplinary treatment emphasizes the need to target sleep during treatment. Further research is needed to disentangle the cause–effect relationship between fatigue, psychological distress, and concerns about the illness and poor sleep (note: this abstract has been published before [Ann Rheum Dis. 2018;77:A1788]).
A review of inclusive business models and their application in aquaculture development
Authors: Kaminski Alexander M. , Kruijssen Froukje , Cole Steven M. , Beveridge Malcolm C.M. , Dawson Claire , Mohan Chadag V. , Suri Sharon , Karim Manjurul , Chen Oai Li , Phillips Michael J. , Downing William , Weirowski Fred , Genschick Sven , Tran Nhuong , Rogers Wayne , Little David C. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractFor aquaculture to continue along its current growth trajectory and contribute towards achieving the Sustainable Development Goals, value chains must become more inclusive. Smallholders and other local value chain actors are often constrained by circumstances and market failures in the global aquaculture industry. Integrating these actors into aquaculture value chains through inclusive business models (IBMs) is often touted as a solution to sustainable and ethical trade and business that can generate development outcomes. We reviewed 36 papers under seven business models commonly used in agriculture development to assess their application in aquaculture value chains in lower‐income countries. A global value chain (GVC) analysis is used to unpack the economic and social upgrading objectives of the different IBMs, as well as the types of relational coordination used between actors in the chain to achieve development outcomes. The extent to which these IBMs helped poor actors overcome certain barriers is evaluated with a focus on how they may ensure or be a risk to inclusiveness through the relations and upgrading opportunities evident in their make‐up. The analysis found that the majority of the models focused on economic upgrading over social upgrading. Providing opportunities for the latter is key to achieving the inclusive objectives of IBMs. Greater horizontal coordination between actors can create further opportunities for economic upgrading established under vertical coordination with other nodes upstream and downstream in a value chain. There is a need to further contextualize these models to aquaculture systems and develop clear indicators of inclusiveness.