bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Review on Ethno-botany, Virucidal Activity, Phytochemistry and Toxicology of Solanum genus: Potential Bio-resources for the Therapeutic Management of Covid-19
Authors: Ngbolua Koto-te-Nyiwa , Mbadiko Clement M. , Matondo Aristote , Bongo Gedeon N. , Inkoto Clement L. , Gbolo Benjamin Z. , Lengbiye Emmanuel M. , Kilembe Jason T. , Mwanangombo Domaine T. , Ngoyi Etienne M. , Falanga Clarisse M. , Tshibangu Damien S. T. , Tshilanda Dorothee D. , Mpiana Pius T. 
Published: July 2020

Background and Aim: Condiment plants are not only a source of food, flavors or food additives but also antivirals. The aim of the present work consisted in compiling ethno-botanical, phytochemical, toxicological and biological activities literature data reported on some species of the Solanum genus, precisely their antiviral potential.
Methodology: The literature review was based mainly on the usual databases such as PubMed, PubMed Central, Science Direct, SCIELO, DOAJ, Science alert and Google scholar.
Results: The ethnobotanical studies show that Solanum species are used in traditional medicine for the treatment of several ailments, particularly those affecting the respiratory system. With regard to studies on their bioactivity, the literature indicates that the Solanum genus is full of species used in food and/or traditional medicine, in most cases presenting several biological properties such as antiviral potential. Among the viruses sensitive to extracts from Solanum species, are: Herpes virus type 1 or 2, viral hepatitis virus and HIV. Some phytochemical studies identified several compounds responsible for the antiviral activity, but polyphenolic compounds precisely glycoalkaloids have been shown to interact with SARS-CoV-2 protease such as quercetin, kaempferol and apigenin in some Solanum species (S. melongena, S. nigrum and S. torvum). Furthermore, the immunostimulant, haematopoietic or antioxidant potentials of some species of Solanum genus would be an asset for the management of Covid-19. There is little or no information in the literature on the toxicity of Solanum species used as food or drugs in traditional medicine.
Conclusion: The antiviral activity of Solanum species is linked to the presence of polyphenolic compounds. It is advisable to consume these Solanum species which are less toxic during this pandemic as they are considered to be nutraceuticals. Molecular docking study of the interaction of these compounds with SARS-CoV-2 protease is in progress.
Risk Factors for Placental Malaria and Birth Weight Outcome among Pregnant Women Attending Mawenzi Regional Referral Hospital, Moshi North Eastern Tanzania
Authors: Mariki Grace A. , Chilongola Jaffu O. 
Published: July 2020

Objective: This study aimed to determine the Prevalence and Risk Factors for Placental Malaria and its associated effects on Pregnancy Outcome among Pregnant Women in Mawenzi Regional Referral Hospital in Kilimanjaro Region.
Methodology: This was a hospital based cross-sectional study. We derived our study sample from previous survey of 700 pregnant women who attended labor ward at MRRH between 2018- 2019 in which we obtained study subjects by random sampling. The study included 350 subjects. We extracted data from the dataset using data extraction sheet and was analyzed using IBM SPSS software version 24. Chi–square was performed and we accepted an error of 5% level P<0.05 was the cut off for statistical significance.
Results: The prevalence of PM was 7.1% among the pregnant women in the study area. Primigravida had more cases of PM (11%) as compared to multigravida (2.7%). Pregnant women who had gestation age below 37 weeks attributed more cases of PM (9.6%) as compared to 6.7% of PM infections in pregnant women at gestation age of 37 weeks and above. Low birth-weight was estimated at 32% of all subjects who were identified with PM as compared to 6.2% of subjects without placental malaria and their difference was statistically significant (P<0.001). Gestational age of less than 37 weeks was associated with LBW with proportion of 21% among women with PM and it has strong statistical significance of P (<0.001). The use of bed nets was associated with PM among the non-user at 28% P (<0.001).
Conclusion: PM is still a major public health problem in low malaria endemic areas and the groups at risk are women who are Primigravida, women not using bed nets and women who gives birth at gestation age of <37 weeks. We recommend more studies on PM in low endemic.
Umpolung Strategy for α,α’‐Functionalization of Ketones with 2‐Aminothiophenols: Stereoselective Access to Spirobis(1,4‐benzothiazines)
Authors: Nguyen Thanh Binh , Retailleau Pascal 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn the presence of TFA as a strong acid catalyst in DMSO, α,α’‐enolizable ketones were found to be stereoselectively α,α’‐functionalized with 2‐aminothiophenols to provide spirobis(1,4‐benzothiazine) derivatives.magnified image
A Decarboxylative C(sp3)−N Bond Forming Reaction to Construct 4‐Imidazolidinones via Post‐Ugi Cascade Sequence in One Pot
Authors: Song Gui‐Ting , Qu Chuan‐Hua , Lei Jie , Yan Wei , Tang Dian‐Yong , Li Hong‐yu , Chen Zhong‐Zhu , Xu Zhi‐Gang 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA post‐Ugi one‐pot cascade was developed to access 4‐imidazolidinones through an intramolecular decarboxylative C(sp3)−N bond forming reaction. The reaction has a broad tolerance for a variety of substituted aldehydes, anilines, isocyanides and glyoxylic acids. The cascade reaction scope was expanded to synthesize spiroimidazolidinone by the replacement of aldehyde with aliphatic ketone in the Ugi reaction. Subsequently, the methodology was applied to synthesize the core structures of pharmaceuticals GSK2137305 and SCH 900822 under the mild and facile conditions with one purification. This cascade reaction generates opportunities for the tailored synthesis of a range of biologically active 4‐imidazolidinones through tuneable Ugi inputs.magnified image
NanoSiO2andTiO2embedded polyacrylonitrile/polyvinylidene fluoride ultrafiltration membranes: Improvement in flux and antifouling properties
Authors: Polisetti Veerababu , Ray Paramita 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPolyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) ultrafiltration (UF) membranes are widely used in drinking water and wastewater applications. These membranes are prone to fouling and membrane efficiency decreases with time under constant operation. Significant improvements/modifications are necessary to apply these polymers as sustainable membrane materials. In this study, PVDF and PAN UF membranes were modified through incorporation of nanoparticles (NPs) namely SiO2and TiO2. PVDF and PAN UF membranes were prepared by phase inversion method from polymer solutions having dispersed SiO2and TiO2NPs in it. Membrane surface hydrophilicity, charge, roughness, and morphology were studied. Equilibrium water content and molecular weight cut‐off of the membranes were also measured. Addition of NPs increased membrane surface hydrophilicity, equilibrium water content, and surface potential. NPs modified membranes exhibited better membrane flux (35–79% higher) and antifouling properties (flux recovery ratio values 28–41% higher) than the virgin membranes.
Bifunctional Electrocatalyst with 0D/2D Heterostructure for Highly Efficient Hydrogen and Oxygen Generation
Authors: Yu Xueping , Yang Chan , Zhang Shan , Xing Yonglei , Liu Chuntai , Peng Juan , Yan Qingyu 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA novel MoS2 quantum dots/CoSe2 nanosheet (MoS2 QDs/CoSe2) hybrid with 0D/2D heterostructure has been developed. The CoSe2 nanosheets (NSs) enable an excellent oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity with increasing vacancy configuration on one hand, while the MoS2 QDs serve as an eminent hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalyst on the other. By integrating MoS2 QDs and CoSe2 NSs, the hybrid exhibits excellent electrocatalytic performances in HER and OER. The unique 0D/2D hetero‐interface increases the exposed active sites and facilitates electron transfer, thereby boosting the electrocatalytic activity. Relatively low overpotentials of 82 mV and 280 mV are required to drive the current density of 10 mA/cm2 for HER and OER, with corresponding Tafel slopes of 69 and 75 mV/dec, respectively. As such, this work provides an efficient yet simple approach to construct bifunctional electrocatalysts with enhanced activity and stability.
Bioenergy production from orange industrial waste: a case study
Authors: Jiménez‐Castro Maria P. , Buller Luz S. , Sganzerla William G. , Forster‐Carneiro Tânia 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe present study focuses on a bibliometric analysis of the global production of scientific papers related to the recovery of bioenergy from orange industrial waste or by‐products. The study also observed the top‐cited papers, international collaborative networks, top countries, and journals. The timespan was from 1900 to 2019, and the Web of Science© database was used. A total of 161 documents (research and review papers) were selected to carry out the investigation. Two main clusters of literature were highlighted, related to the authorship of the top‐cited papers and authorship collaboration networks, respectively. Recent scientific publications use different pre‐treatments to achieve the best biogas yield with many configurations of the anaerobic digestion system. The data indicated that the countries with most publications are Spain, China, and the USA, and the journals with a higher impact factors related to environmental assessments were responsible for a higher number of publications. In a biorefinery concept, orange peel could be submitted to different pre‐treatments to produce bioethanol and methane, as environmentally friendly fuels, and other co‐products such as d‐limonene and pectin. This study therefore presents trends in bioenergy production from orange industrial by‐products with the aim of supporting further research on energy recovery from orange industry solid waste and to assist future decision making in this field of science. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Occurrence of immune thrombocytopenic purpura in a patient with essential thrombocythemia: How the immune system can overcome a neoplastic clone
Authors: Carruale Antonio , Longu Francesco , Mura Francesca , Caocci Giovanni , La Nasa Giorgio , Fozza Claudio 
Published: July 2020

AbstractOur case highlights the possible coexistence of essential thrombocythemia (ET) and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), two pathological entities with opposite clinical and laboratory manifestations. It also underlines how an autoimmune attack has been temporarily able to overcome a neoplastic clone.
Carbon and carbon composites for thermoelectric applications
Authors: Zhang Yichuan , Zhang Qichun , Chen Guangming 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe urgent need for consistent, reliable, ecofriendly, and stable power sources drives the development of new green energy materials. Thermoelectric (TE) materials receive increasing attention due to their unique capability of realizing the direct energy conversion between heat and electricity, showing diverse applications in harvesting waste heat and low‐grade heat. Carbon materials such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene have experienced a rapid development as TE materials because of their intrinsic ultrahigh electrical conductivity and light weight. Besides, polymer‐based carbon composites are particularly fascinating as the combination of the merits of polymers and filler materials leads to high TE performance and superior flexibility. Herein, the recent TE advances are systematically summarized in the studied popularity of carbon materials (ie, CNTs and graphene) and the category of polymers. The conducting polymer‐based carbon materials are particularly highlighted. Finally, the remaining challenges and some tentative suggestions possibly guiding future developments are proposed, which may pave a way for a bright future of carbon and carbon composites in the energy market.
Distribution and overlap of entorhinal, premotor, and amygdalar connections in the monkey anterior cingulate cortex
Authors: Calderazzo Samantha M. , Busch Silas E. , Moore Tara L. , Rosene Douglas L. , Medalla Maria 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is important for decision‐making as it integrates motor plans with affective and contextual limbic information. Disruptions in these networks have been observed in depression, bipolar disorder, and post‐traumatic stress disorder. Yet, overlap of limbic and motor connections within subdivisions of the ACC is not well understood. Hence, we administered a combination of retrograde and anterograde tracers into structures important for contextual memories (entorhinal cortex), affective processing (amygdala), and motor planning (dorsal premotor cortex) to assess overlap of labeled projection neurons from (outputs) and axon terminals to (inputs) the ACC of adult rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta). Our data show that entorhinal and dorsal premotor cortical (dPMC) connections are segregated across ventral (A25, A24a) and dorsal (A24b,c) subregions of the ACC, while amygdalar connections are more evenly distributed across subregions. Among all areas, the rostral ACC (A32) had the lowest relative density of connections with all three regions. In the ventral ACC, entorhinal and amygdalar connections strongly overlap across all layers, especially in A25. In the dorsal ACC, outputs to dPMC and the amygdala strongly overlap in deep layers. However, dPMC input to the dorsal ACC was densest in deep layers, while amygdalar inputs predominantly localized in upper layers. These connection patterns are consistent with diverse roles of the dorsal ACC in motor evaluation and the ventral ACC in affective and contextual memory. Further, distinct laminar circuits suggest unique interactions within specific ACC compartments that are likely important for the temporal integration of motor and limbic information during flexible goal‐directed behavior.
Enhanced Anticancer Therapeutic Delivery to Tumor Microenvironment via Simultaneous Angiogenesis and Tumor Targeting
Authors: Zhang Yongli , Wang Sihan , Wang Haixia , Yang Yingjie , Gao Jin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAngiogenesis is an event commonly occurring during tumorigenesis and the following development and progression provide an ideal target for anticancer drug‐targeted delivery. Nanoparticles with tumor‐cell binding ability are usually used for tumor therapy and proved to be able to accumulate in tumor tissues. The nanoparticles with dual angiogenesis and tumor‐cell targeting capacity are expected to deliver therapeutics to the lesions of tumors more efficiently and should achieve a better tumor therapeutical effect. In the present study, we employed melanoma xenograft as a tumor model, with VGB peptide and FA as angiogenesis and tumor cell guiding moieties, and with micelles as a model nanoparticle to examine our hypothesis. As a result, we proved that the dual strategy enhanced the delivery of bufalin, an anticancer agent, and achieved a better therapeutical outcome for melanoma, compared to the conventional single‐targeting methods. Since angiogenesis is common in tumor development, the simultaneous targeting strategy can be flexibly adapted to a wide range of tumors.
Synthesis of Triazole‐Containing Furanosyl Nucleoside Analogues and Their Phosphate, Phosphoramidate or Phoshonate Derivatives as Potential Sugar Diphosphate or Nucleotide Mimetics
Authors: Fortuna Andreia , Costa Paulo J. , Piedade M. Fátima M. , Conceição Oliveira M. , Xavier Nuno M. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe synthesis of stable and potentially bioactive xylofuranosyl nucleoside analogues and potential sugar diphosphate or nucleotide mimetics comprising a 1,2,3‐triazole moiety is reported. 3′‐O‐Methyl‐branched N‐benzyltriazole isonucleosides were accessed in 5–7 steps and 42–54 % overall yields using a Cu(I)‐catalyzed cycloaddition of 3‐O‐propargyl‐1,2‐O‐isopropylidene‐α‐D‐xylofuranose with benzyl azide as key step. Related isonucleotides were obtained by 5‐O‐phosphorylation of acetonide‐protected 3‐O‐propargyl xylofuranose and further “click” cycloaddition or by Staudinger‐phosphite reaction of a 5‐azido N‐benzyltriazole isonucleoside. Hydroxy‐, amino‐ or bromomethyl triazole 5′‐isonucleosides were synthesized by thermal cycloaddition of 5‐azido 3‐O‐benzyl/dodecyl xylofuranoses with propargyl alcohol, propargylamine or propargyl bromide. Better yields (82–85 %) were obtained when using propargyl alcohol and a high 1,4‐regioselectivity was attained with propargyl bromide. Further O/N‐phosphorylation or Arbuzov reaction led to (triazolyl)methyl phosphates, phosphoramidates or phosphonates. The latter were converted into uracil nucleoside 5′‐(triazolyl)methyl phosphonates as prospective nucleoside diphosphate mimetics.
An overview of HIFEM technology in body contouring
Authors: Katz Bruce E. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundThis review comprises a technology overview, clinical background, and applications of high‐intensity focused electromagnetic technology (HIFEM).MethodsThe physiology, mechanism of action, and dynamics of HIFEM will be discussed and its action on muscle fibers and fat elucidated.ResultsClinical applications, body areas treated, and treatment parameters will be reviewed.ConclusionEfficacy and safety results from multiple studies will be included.
Firm parenting and youth adjustment: Stress reactivity and dyadic synchrony of respiratory sinus arrhythmia
Authors: Oshri Assaf , Liu Sihong , Huffman Landry G. , Koss Kalsea J. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractParental behaviors are potent risk and protective factors for youth development of externalizing problems. Firm control is a parenting strategy that is inconsistently linked to youth adjustment, possibly due to variations in individual biological contexts. Growing research shows that dyadic coregulation of the autonomic nervous system (e.g., parent–child physiological synchrony) is a neurobiological mechanism that links parenting to youth adjustment. However, physiological synchrony may be context‐dependent (e.g., adaptive in positive interactions, maladaptive in negative interactions). We aimed to test the role of dyadic synchrony in respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) during parent–child conflict as a mediator between parent firm control and youth's externalizing problems. To capture youth's stress reactivity, we also tested how galvanic skin response reactivity (GSR‐R) moderated this indirect path. The sample included 101 dyads of low socioeconomic‐status at‐risk preadolescents and parents. Results indicated that youth higher levels of GSR‐R significantly intensified the link between parent firm control and dyadic RSA synchrony during conflict. Dyadic RSA synchrony further predicted youth increased in externalizing problems. Overall, results suggest that when parents employ firm control parenting with highly reactive teens, dyadic RSA synchrony elevates, potentially modeling less optimal coping with conflict for the youth, which is associated with increased externalizing problems.
Urinary excretion profile of methiopropamine in mice following intraperitoneal administration: A liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry investigation
Authors: Camuto Cristian , Pellegrini Sheila , De‐Giorgio Fabio , de la Torre Xavier , Marti Matteo , Mazzarino Monica , Botrè Francesco 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe have considered the urinary excretion profile of methiopropamine (MPA), a thiophene ring‐based structural analog of methamphetamine with similar stimulant effects, with the aim of selecting the most appropriate marker(s) of intake that may be useful in forensic analysis. For this purpose, in vitro studies were preliminarily performed on human liver microsomes for tracing the phase I metabolic pathways of MPA, preselecting the best candidates as potential target analytes, and designing the optimal experimental strategy. In vivo studies were then conducted on mice, after the intraperitoneal administration of a 10‐mg/kg dose. Urine samples were collected every 3 h in the first 9 h and, subsequently, from 24 to 36 h, and stored at –80°C until further analysis. The measurements were performed using a targeted procedure based on liquid/liquid extraction followed by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry analysis. Our results show that in the time interval 0–9 h after administration, MPA was extensively oxidized mainly to nor‐MPA, oxo‐MPA, and two hydroxylated metabolites (ie, hydroxy‐aryl‐methiopropamine and hydroxy‐alkyl‐methiopropamine). All phase I metabolites underwent phase II metabolism, with the formation of nor‐hydroxy‐methiopropamine only in phase II, confirmed by the results obtained after enzymatic hydrolysis with β‐glucuronidase and arylsulfatase. In the time interval 24–36 h after administration, only unchanged MPA and nor‐MPA were detected, suggesting that these two markers are those endowed with the highest diagnostic value. The method was validated for these two principal markers, proving to be fit for anti‐doping, toxicological, and forensic analyses.
Migration sources and pathways of the pest species Sogatella furcifera in Yunnan, China, and across the border inferred from DNA and wind analyses
Authors: Hu Shao‐Ji , Sun Shan‐Shan , Fu Da‐Ying , Lü Jian‐Ping , Wang Xue‐Ying , Yu Yan‐Ping , Dong Li‐Min , Chen Sui‐Yun , Ye Hui 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe migration sources and pathways of Sogatella furcifera (Horváth) in topologically complex regions like Yunnan, China, and adjacent montane areas have long been a challenging task and a bottleneck in effective pest forecast and control. The present research reinvestigated this issue using a combination of mtDNA and long‐term historical wind field data in an attempt to provide new insights. Genetic analyses showed that the 60 populations of S. furcufera collected across Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Yunnan, Guizhou, and Sichuan lack genetic structure and geographic isolation, while spatial analysis of haplotype and diversity indices discovered geographic relevance between populations. Migration rate analysis combined with high‐resolution 10‐year wind field analysis detected the following migration sources, pathways, and impacted areas which could explain the outbreak pattern in Yunnan. (a) Dominating stepwise northward migrations originated from northern Indochina, southern Yunnan, and central‐eastern Yunnan, impacting their northern areas. (b) Concurring summer–autumn southward (return) migration originated from nearly all latitude belts of Sichuan and Yunnan mainly impacting central and southern Yunnan. (c) Regular eastward and summer–autumn westward migrations across Yunnan. The northward migration reflects the temporal rhythm of gradual outbreaks from the south to the north in a year, while the return migration may explain the repeated or very severe outbreaks in the impacted areas. To form a better pest forecast and control network, attention must also be paid to the northern part of Yunnan to suppress the impact of return migration in summers and autumns.