bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of Dietary Inflammatory Index with Cardiovascular Disease in Kurdish Adults: Results of a Prospective Study on Ravansar Non-Communicable Diseases
Authors: Ayenehpour Azad , Nazar Mehdi Moradi , Samadi Mehnoosh , Hamzeh Behrooz , Najafi Farid , Karimi Sheno , Faraji Fakhereh , Darbandi Mitra , Pasdar Yahya 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Various diets and dietary compounds, through their inflammatory properties, are involved in the pathogenesis of chronic diseases including Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs). Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) can evaluate the inflammatory properties of diet. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between DII and CVDs in participants of the Ravansar Non-Communicable Diseases (RaNCD)cohort study, Kermanshah, Iran. Materials: The present cross-sectional study was conducted using the recruitment phase data of the RaNCD cohort study on 6369 participants aged 35 to 65 years. The Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) was used to assess diet. The DII scores were calculated using FFQ data. Participants with a history of myocardial infarction, stroke and coronary artery disease, and/or taking medications for the CVDs were considered as the CVDs patients. Results: Of the 6369 studied participants, 9% (n=579) had CVDs history. The mean DII score in this study was -0.84±1.6. Odds ratio (OR) of CVDs in female was 1.6 times higher than in male (CI 95%=1.3-1.9), which this association was remained after adjusting for confounding variables (OR=1.5, CI%=1.2-1.9). The risk of CVDs in the fourth quartile of DII was 1.4 times higher than the first quartile of DII (OR: 1.4, CI 95%=1.1-1.8). We found that higher adhere to DII was associated with risk of CVDs. Conclusion: Given the role of diet through inflammatory properties on the risk of CVDs, it is highly recommended to use DII as an appropriate index to measure the effect of diet on CVDs. In addition, a diet with lower DII is healthier diet for cardiovascular health.
The adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes of adolescent pregnancy: a cross sectional study in Hebei, China
Authors: Zhang Ting , Wang Huien , Wang Xinling , Yang Yue , Zhang Yingkui , Tang Zengjun , Wang Li 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: The adverse pregnancy outcomes caused by teenage pregnancy are major public health problems with significant social impact. While China is the most populous country in the world, and 8.5% of the women aged 10-50 years are adolescent women, we aimed to analyze the adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes of the adolescent pregnancy in Hebei Province, China.Methods: There were 238,598 singleton pregnant women aged 10-34 years from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2017 in the database of Hebei Province Maternal Near Miss Surveillance System (HBMNMSS). The 238,598 pregnant women were divided into two groups: adolescent group (aged 10-19 years) and adult group (aged 20-34 years). The adolescent group was divided into two subgroups (aged 10-17 years, aged 18-19 years), the adult group was divided into two subgroups (aged 20-24 years, aged 25-34 years). We compared the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes using univariate and multivariate logistic regression. We also made a stratified analysis of nulliparous and multiparous adolescent pregnancy. Results: Compared with women aged 20-34 years, women aged 10-19 years had lower risk of cesarean delivery [adjusted risk ratio (aRR): 0.75, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.70-0.80], gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) (aRR: 0.55, 95%CI: 0.41-0.73). Women aged 10-19 years had higher risk of preterm delivery (aRR: 1.76, 95%CI: 1.54-2.01), small for gestational age (SGA) (aRR: 1.19, 95%CI: 1.08-1.30), stillbirth (aRR: 2.58, 95%CI: 1.83-3.62), neonatal death (aRR: 2.63, 95%CI: 1.60-4.32). The adolescent women aged 10-17 years had significantly higher risk of stillbirth (aRR: 5.69, 95%CI: 3.36-9.65) and neonatal death (aRR: 7.57, 95%CI: 3.74-15.33) compared with the women aged 25-34 years. Younger adults (20-24 years) also had higher risks of preterm delivery (aRR: 1.26, 95%CI: 1.20-1.32), stillbirth (aRR: 1.45, 95%CI: 1.23-1.72), and neonatal death (aRR: 1.51, 95%CI: 1.21-1.90) compared with women aged 25-34 years. The structural equation model showed that preterm delivery and cesarean delivery had an indirect effect on neonatal death in adolescent pregnancy.Conclusions: The adolescent pregnancy was related to adverse perinatal (fetal and neonatal) outcomes, such as preterm delivery, stillbirth and neonatal death, especially in younger adolescent pregnancies.
Depression and relevant influencing factors among elderly adults with different sleep quality in pension institutions in Northeastern China
Authors: Zhang Jun , Zhang Yingying , Luan Zhenggang , Zhang Xiujie , Jiang Haoran , Wang Aiping 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: China has the largest aged population in the world, and the elderly adults who live in pension institutions are more likely to suffer from mental disorders than other elderly adults. The current study aimed to explore the distribution of the depression among the aged population with different sleep conditions in pension institutions in Northeastern China.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in Northeastern China from May to September 2017 using a multistage sampling method and 507 elderly people without cognitive impairment in six pension institutions were interviewed. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) were adopted to collected the information of sleep quality and depression. We used logistic regression to analyze the factors influencing depression among the elderly adults with poor or good sleep quality.Results: The overall depression rate among elderly adults was 21.7%. The logistic regression analysis revealed that marital status, chronic disease, regular exercise, physical pain, filial piety and chewing ability had significant effects on the depression of the elderly with good sleep quality. Loneliness, self-care ability, chewing ability and chronic diseases had significant effects on depression of the elderly with poor sleep quality. Conclusion: The prevalence of depressive symptoms in the elderly is not high. However, different factors influenced depression among elderly adults depending on their sleep quality. Therefore, the risk factors of depression among elderly adults should be analyzed separately.
Low cyclosporine concentrations in children and time to acute graft versus host disease
Authors: Chung Eun Kyung , Yee Jeong , Kim Jae Youn , Gwak Hye sun 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Achievement of target blood concentrations of cyclosporine (CsA) early after transplantation is known to be highly effective for reducing the incidence of acute graft versus host disease (aGVHD). However, no research has been conducted for predicting aGVHD occurrence with low CsA concentrations at different time periods. The objective of this study was to investigate the risk of aGVHD according to low CsA concentrations at lag days in children with allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Methods: The records of 61 consecutive children who underwent allogeneic HSCT and received CsA as prophylaxis against aGVHD between May 2012 and March 2015 were retrospectively evaluated. The main outcome was any association between low CsA concentrations at lag days and aGVHD occurrence, which was examined for the first month after transplantation. Mean CsA concentrations at three lag periods were calculated: lag days 0-6, 7-13, and 14-20 before aGVHD occurrence.Results: Patients whose mean CsA concentrations at lag days 0-6 did not reach the initial target concentration had 11.0-fold (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.3-51.9) greater incidence of aGVHD. In addition, the AORs of low CsA concentrations at lag days 7-13 and 14-20 for developing aGVHD were 108.2 (95% CI: 7.7-1515.5) and 12.1 (95% CI: 1.1-138.1), respectively. Conclusions: After low CsA concentrations are detected, careful attention needs to be paid to prevent aGVHD.
Overexpression of an aquaporin gene PvPIP2;9 increased biomass yield and protein content, improved drought tolerance and water use efficiency and affected other PIP2 genes’ expression in switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.)
Authors: Zhang Jing , Wen Wuwu , Li Hui , Lu Qiyu , Xu Bin , Huang Bingru 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Switchgrass ( Panicum virgatum L.) is a prime candidate for non-grain-based bioenergy feedstock production. Improved drought tolerance and higher water use efficiency are important for its successful field establishment and production, especially on marginal lands. Aquaporins are key channels and regulators for water transportation and maintenance of cellular water status. In this study, the functional role of an aquaporin gene, PvPIP2;9 , in switchgrass was studied. Results: Expression of PvPIP2;9 was regulated by diurnal oscillation and osmotic stress. Constitutive over-expressing PvPIP2;9 in switchgrass significantly improved its leaf length, plant height, above-ground biomass, biomass protein contents, and cellulose contents in stressed plants. Under 21 days of drought treatment, transgenic plants showed less electrolyte leakage rates, but higher relative water contents, photochemical efficiencies, and chlorophyll contents, indicating that PvPIP2;9 positively regulated plant drought tolerance and water use efficiency. Moreover, expression patterns of all 14 switchgrass PIP2 subfamily genes were checked during the drought treatment, and the result showed that over-expressing PvPIP2;9 also affected transcript levels of most other PIP2 genes. Conclusions: Together, this study showed that improved biomass yield, drought tolerance and higher water use efficiency can be achieved by manipulating the expression level of PvPIP2;9 and also suggested PIP2 subfamily genes were transcriptionally regulated in a coordinated manner.
Potentialities of multi-b-values diffusion-weighted imaging for predicting efficacy of concurrent chemoradiotherapy in cervical cancer patients
Authors: Liu Bing , Ma Wan-Ling , Zhang Guang-Wen , Sun Zhen , Wei Meng-Qi , Hou Wei-Huan , Hou Bing-Xin , Wei Li-Chun , Huan Yi 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Purpose: To testify whether multi-b-values DWI can be used to ultra-early predict treatment response of CCRT in cervical cancer patients and to assess the predictive ability of concerning parameters. Methods: 53 patients with biopsy proved cervical cancer were retrospectively recruited in this study. All patients underwent pelvic multi-b-values DWI before and at the 3 rd day during treatment. Tumor diffusion parameters were calculated by mono-exponential (apparent diffusion coefficient, ADC), bi-exponential (D slow , D fast and f p ) and stretched exponential (distributed diffusion coefficient, DDC and α) models. Treatment response was assessed based on RECIST v1.1 at 1 month after the completion of whole CCRT. Parameters were compared using independent t test or Mann-Whitney U test as appropriate. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves was used for statistical evaluations. Results: ADC-T0 (p=0.02), D slow -T0 (p<0.01), DDC-T0 (p=0.03), ADC-T1 (p<0.01), D slow -T1 (p<0.01), ΔADC (p=0.04) and Δα (p<0.01) were significant lower in non-CR group patients. ROC analyses showed that ADC-T1 and Δα exhibited high prediction value, with area under the curves of 0.880 and 0.869, respectively. Conclusion: Multi-b-values DWI can be used as a noninvasive technique to assess and predict treatment response in cervical cancer patients at the 3 rd day of CCRT. ADC-T1 and Δα can be used to differentiate good responders from poor responders.
PSD-93 mediates the crosstalk between neuron and microglia and facilitates acute ischemic stroke injury by binding to CX3CL1
Authors: zhang qingxiu , He Lei , Chen Mo , Yang Hui , Cao Xiaowei , Liu Xiaomei , Hao Qi , Chen Zhengwei , Liu Tengfei , Wei Xiu-e , Rong Liangqun 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background:Postsynaptic density 93 (PSD-93) mediates glutamate excitotoxicity induced by ischemic brain injury, which then induces microglial inflammatory response. However, the underlying mechanisms of how PSD-93 mediates the crosstalk between neurons and microglia in the postsynaptic dense region remain elusive. CX3 chemokine ligand 1 (CX3CL1) is a chemokine specifically expressed in neurons while its receptor CX3CR1 is highly expressed in microglia. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of PSD-93 and CX3CL1 interaction in the crosstalk between neuron and microglia in acute ischemic stroke.Methods:Male C57BL/6 mice were used to establish middle cerebral artery occlusion model and co-immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting were used to detect the binding of PSD-93 and CX3CL1 at different time points following cerebral ischemic/reperfusion (I/R). ELISA was used to detect soluble CX3CL1. Yeast two-hybrid and co-immunoprecipitation were used to identify special amino acid sequences responsible for the interaction between PSD-93 and CX3CL1. Finally, a fusion small peptide Tat-CX3CL1 was designed to inhibit PSD-93 and CX3CL1 interaction.Results:The binding of PSD-93 and CX3CL1 peaked at 6 h after I/R. The binding sites were located in the 420-535 amino acid sequence of PSD-93 and 357-395 amino acid sequence of CX3CL1. Tat-CX3CL1 (357-395aa) could inhibit the interaction of PSD-93 and CX3CL1 and inhibited the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β and TNF-α expression and provided neuroprotection following reperfusion.Conclusions:PSD-93 binds CX3CL1 to activate microglia and initiate neuroinflammation. Specific blockade of PSD-93-CX3CL1 interaction reduces I/R induced neuronal cell death, and provides a new therapeutic target for ischemic stroke.
Can we walk away from cardiovascular disease risk or do we have to ‘huff and puff’? A cross-sectional compositional accelerometer data analysis among adults and older adults in the Copenhagen City Heart Study
Authors: Johansson Melker Staffan , Søgaard Karen , Prescott Eva , Marott Jacob Louis , Schnohr Peter , Holtermann Andreas , Korshøj Mette 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackground: It is unclear whether walking can decrease cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk or if high intensity physical activity (HIPA) is needed, and whether the association is modified by age. We investigated how sedentary behaviour, walking, and HIPA, were associated with systolic blood pressure (SBP), waist circumference (WC), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) among adults and older adults in a general population sample using compositional data analysis. Specifically, the measure of association was quantified by reallocating time between sedentary behaviour and 1) walking, and 2) HIPA.Methods: Cross-sectional data from the fifth examination of the Copenhagen City Heart Study was used. Using the software Acti4, we estimated daily time spent in physical behaviours from accelerometer data worn 24 h/day for 7 days (i.e., right frontal thigh and iliac crest; median wear time: 6 days, 23.8 h/day). SBP, WC, and LDL-C were measured during a physical examination. Inclusion criteria were ≥5 days with ≥16 h of accelerometer recordings per day, and no use of antihypertensives, diuretics or cholesterol lowering medicine. The 24-hour physical behaviour composition consisted of sedentary behaviour, standing, moving, walking, HIPA (i.e., sum of climbing stairs, running, cycling and rowing), and time in bed. We used fitted values from linear regression models to predict the difference in outcome given the investigated time reallocations relative to the group-specific mean composition.Results: Among 1053 eligible participants, we found an interaction between the physical behaviour composition and age. Age-stratified analyses (i.e., </≥65 years; 773 adults, 280 older adults) indicated that less sedentary behaviour and more walking was associated with lower SBP among older adults only. For less sedentary behaviour and more HIPA, the resultsi)indicated an association with lower SBP irrespective of age,ii)showed an association with a smaller WC among adults, andiii)showed an association with a lower LDL-C in both age groups.Conclusions: Less sedentary behaviour and more walking seems to be associated with lower CVD risk among older adults, while HIPA types are associated with lower risk among adults. Therefore, to reduce CVD risk, the modifying effect of age should be considered in future physical activity-promoting initiatives.
The local hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis in cultured human dermal papilla cells
Authors: Lee Eun Young , Nam You Jin , Kang Sangjin , Choi Eun Ju , Han Inbo , Kim Jinwan , Kim Dong Hyun , An Ji Hae , Lee Sunghou , Lee Min Ho , Chung Ji Hyung 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Stress is an important cause of skin disease, including hair loss. The hormonal response to stress is due to the HPA axis, which comprises hormones such as corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) , adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) , and cortisol. Many reports have shown that CRF, a crucial stress hormone, inhibits hair growth and induces hair loss. However, the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of CRF on human dermal papilla cells (DPCs) as well as hair follicles and to investigate whether the HPA axis was established in cultured human DPCs. Results: CRF inhibited hair shaft elongation and induced early catagen transition in human hair follicles. Hair follicle cells, both human DPCs and human ORSCs, expressed CRF and its receptors and responded to CRF. CRF inhibited the proliferation of human DPCs through cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and induced the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) . Anagen-related cytokine levels were downregulated in CRF-treated human DPCs. Interestingly, increases in proopiomelanocortin (POMC) , ACTH, and cortisol were induced by CRF in human DPCs, and antagonists for the CRF receptor blocked the effects of this hormone. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that stress can cause hair loss by acting through stress hormones. Additionally, these results suggested that a fully functional HPA axis exists in human DPCs and that CRF directly affects human DPCs as well as human hair follicles under stress conditions.
Community health volunteers’ contribution to Tuberculosis patients notified to National Tuberculosis program through contact investigation in Kenya
Authors: Abongo Tabitha , Ulo Benson , Karanja Sarah 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Contact investigation is important in finding contacts of people who have Tuberculosis (TB) disease so that they can be given treatment and stop further transmission. The main objective of this study was to assess the contribution of community health volunteers (CHVs) to the number of TB patients notified to the National program in Kenya through household contact screening and referral of persons with TB signs and symptoms to the facilities for further investigation.Methods: This was a retrospective desk review of project reports submitted to Amref Health Africa in Kenya by the sub recipients implementing activities in the 33 counties with Case Notification Rate (CNR) of less 175/100,000 and Treatment Success Rate (TRS) of less than 88% as per the National strategic plan 2015-2018. Data for this study covered a time period between January and December 2016. Data on the notified TB patients was obtained from the National Tuberculosis Information Basic Unit (TIBU). The study population included all the TB index cases whose households were visited by CHVs for contact screening. Data was recorded into excel spreadsheets where descriptive analysis was done, proportions calculated and summarized in a table.Results: Community health volunteers visited a total of 26,307 TB patients (index cases) in their households for contact screening. A total of 44,617 household members were screened for TB with 43,012 (96.40%) coming from households of bacteriologically confirmed TB patients and 1,606 (3.60%) from households of children under 5 years. The proportion of the persons referred in relation to the number screened was 19.6 % for those over 5 years and 21.9 % from under 5 years with almost the same percentages for male and female at 19.2% and 19.7 % respectively. The percentage of (TB) cases identified through tracing of contacts in these counties improved to 10% (5,456) of the 54,913 cases notified to the National TB Program while the percentage of notified TB cases, all forms contributed though community referrals improved to 6 % (3,365)Conclusions: This study showed that in the 33 counties of Global Fund TB project implementation the percentage of TB cases identified through tracing of contacts improved from 6% to 10% while the percentage of notified TB cases; all forms contributed through community referrals improved from 4% to 8%. Community health volunteers can play an effective role in household contact screening and referrals for identification of TB.
Hypophosphataemia after ferric carboxymaltose is unrelated to symptoms, intestinal inflammation or vitamin D status
Authors: Fang Wendy , Kenny Rachel , Rizvi Qurat-ul-Ain , McMahon Lawrence P. , Garg Mayur 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Intravenous iron replacement is recommended for iron-deficient patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but may be associated with hypophosphataemia, predisposing to osteomalacia and fractures. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence and risk factors for hypophosphataemia following intravenous ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) in patients with IBD.Methods This prospective observational study of patients with and without IBD evaluated serum phosphate for 28 days following intravenous FCM, and assessed associations with symptoms, markers of inflammation and vitamin D status.Results 24 patients with IBD (11 with Crohn’s disease [CD], 13 with ulcerative colitis [UC], mean age 45 years [range 19-90], 7 female), and 20 patients without IBD (mean age 56 [22-88]y, 11 female), were included. Overall, serum phosphate declined by a mean of 36% at Day 7, with a mean fall of 42% (SD 19%) at some time point over 28 days (p<0.001). Twenty-four of 44 (55%) patients developed moderate to severe hypophosphataemia (serum phosphate <0.6 mmol/L). No differences between patients with and without IBD were seen, but patients with CD had greater decline in phosphate than those with UC. There was no association between hypophosphataemia and symptomatic adverse events, faecal calprotectin, C-reactive protein, albumin, platelet count, 25(OH) vitamin D, or 1,25(di-OH) vitamin D. Serum phosphate <1.05mmol/L on Day 2 predicted susceptibility to moderate-severe hypophosphataemia (OR 7.0). Conclusions Hypophosphataemia following FCM is common, unrelated to symptomatic adverse events, baseline intestinal or systemic inflammation, or vitamin D status.