bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Insights into the mechanism of Arnebia euchroma on leukemia via network pharmacology approach
Authors: Wang Biting , Wu Zengrui , Wang Jiye , Li Weihua , Liu Guixia , Zhang Bo , Tang Yun 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Arnebia euchroma (A. euchroma), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for the treatment of blood diseases. In recent years, more and more researches have been conducted on the anti-tumor effect of shikonin and its derivatives, the major active components of A. euchroma. However, the underlying mechanism of action (MoA) for all the ingredients of A. euchroma on leukemia has not been explored systematically.Methods: In this study, we tried to analyze the MoA of A. euchroma on leukemia via network pharmacology approach. Firstly, the chemical components and their concentrations in A. euchroma as well as leukemia-related targets were collected. Next, we predicted compound-target interactions (CTIs) via our balanced substructure-drug-target network-based inference (bSDTNBI) method. The known and predicted targets of A. euchroma and leukemia-related targets were merged together to construct A. euchroma-leukemia protein-protein interactions (PPIs) network. Then, weighted compound-target bipartite network was constructed according to combination of eight central attributes with concentrations information via Cytoscape. Additionally, molecular docking simulation was performed to determine the binding efficiency of compounds with targets.Results: A total of 65 components of A. euchroma were obtained and 27 of them with concentration information, which involved in 157 targets, 779 compound- target interactions (CTIs), including 129 known CTIs (KCTIs) and 650 predicted CTIs (PCTIs). Following the analysis of A. euchroma-leukemia PPI network, 37 targets were used to construct the weighted compound-target bipartite network and further KEGG pathway analysis. We found that A. euchroma candidate targets were significantly associated with several apoptosis and inflammation-related biological pathways, such as MAPK signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, IL-17 signaling pathway, T cell receptor signaling pathway. Moreover, molecular docking simulation demonstrated that there were 8 pairs of PCTIs had the strong binding free energy.Conclusions: This network pharmacology-based study considered the information of component concentration, in combination with molecular docking, deciphered that the efficacy of A. euchroma in the treatment of leukemia may be mainly attributed to 10 targets and 14 components, which were associated with inhibiting leukemia cell survival and inducing apoptosis, relieving inflammatory environment and inhibiting angiogenesis.
Non-destructive collection survey of the historical Classense Library. Part II: Conservation scenarios
Authors: Coppola Floriana , Brown Natalie , Amicucci Floriana , Strlic Matija , Modelli Alberto 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
To enable the development of conservation strategies for valuable historical collections, an innovative non-destructive and non-invasive survey was conducted at an historical library (Classense Library, Ravenna, Italy) to assess how management scenarios may influence the future conservation state of the collections. For the first time, the results in terms of acidity and degree of polymerisation of book collections were elaborated using the Collection Demography dose-response function modelled for historic paper to predict the lifetimes of the collections in different environmental scenarios. Isochrone plots and demographic curves were elaborated to evaluate the fitness-for-use as a function of environmental and book conditions. The results show that the most sensitive items are books with iron gall ink and acidic (post-1850) books. These books are not predicted to survive a long-term planning horizon of 500 years in their current storage environments. The present results provide the decision-makers with two options for preserving the fitness-for-use of the collections: a preventive conservation with significant cooling of the storage environments, or an interventive conservation involving treatments such as deacidification.
Non-destructive collection survey of the historical Classense Library. Part I: Paper characterisation
Authors: Brown Natalie , Coppola Floriana , Modelli Alberto , Amicucci Floriana , Lichtblau Dirk , Strlic Matija 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
An innovative survey was conducted of the collections of the historical Biblioteca Classense, located in the urban area of Ravenna (Northern Italy). The survey aimed to evaluate the current conservation state of the book collections, where 297 paper-based items, including incunabulae, manuscripts and books, dating from the 14th to the 20th century, were selected for analysis. This innovative survey was carried out non-destructively by assessing degradation visually and by measuring NIR spectral data followed by multivariate data analysis. Chemical and physical paper properties, important for paper characterisation and implementation of conservation strategies were determined, including paper type, pH, degree of polymerisation, tensile strength, lignin, protein, and rosin content. This survey provided a significant quantitative dataset for rag paper covering a 600-year period. The analysis of DP changes over time allowed the first experimental estimation of the rate constant for historical rag paper, i.e., (4.2 ± 0.6)·10−7 year−1, which was validated with predictions based on the Collections Demography dose response function for historic paper taking into account the past climate in Ravenna. Statistical methods were employed to describe the correlations between the measured variables and different features of the books, suggesting that the degree of polymerisation can be used as a general proxy for rag paper mechanical strength.
AST/ALT ratio as a predictor of mortality and future exacerbations of PM/DM-ILD——a retrospective cohort study with 522 cases
Authors: Li Renjiao , Zhu Wen-Jun , Wang Faping , Tang Xiaoju , Luo Fengming 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
ObjectiveTo assess the associations between aspartate transaminase/alanine transaminase ratio (DRR) and mortality in patients with Polymyositis/dermatomyositis associated interstitial lung disease (PM/DM-ILD).Patients and MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study, which included 522 patients with PM/DM-ILD whose DRR on admission were tested at West China Hospital of Sichuan University during the period from January 1, 2008 to December 31, 2018. Cox regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios for mortality in four predefined DRR strata (≤ 0.91, 0.91–1.26, 1.26–1.73 and > 1.73), after adjusting for age, sex, DRR stratum, diagnosis, overlap syndrome, hemoglobin, platelet count, white blood cell count, the percentage of neutrophils, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, albumin, creatine kinase, uric acid/creatinine ratio, triglycerides or low density lipoprotein.ResultsHigher DRR (> 1.73) was an independent predictor of 1-year mortality in multivariate Cox regression analysis (hazard ratio 3.423, 95% CI 1.481–7.911, p = .004). Patients with higher DRR more often required use of mechanical ventilation and readmission for acute exacerbation of PM/DM-ILD at 1-year follow-up.ConclusionHigher DRR on admission for PM/DM-ILD patients are associated with increased mortality, risk of mechanical ventilation and hospitalization in 1-year follow-up. This low-cost, easy-to-obtain, rapidly measured biomarker may be useful in the identification of high-risk PM/DM-ILD patients that could benefit from intensive management.
Seizures after posterior fossa surgery: Exploring the unknown, a systematic review-
Authors: keni Ravish R , Rao Surya Prakash , Moscote-Salazar Luis Rafael , Deora Harsh , GA Quiñones-Ossa , Agrawal Amit 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background

Seizures due to posterior fossa lesions is an uncommon phenomenon. In this study systemic literature review was done to i) study the incidence of seizures in posterior fossa lesions ii) determine factors associated with high risk for seizures and iii) ascertain role of prophylactic AEDs in such cases.
Methods

Systemic literature review was done, for the MeSH terms “posterior cranial fossa” AND “seizures” AND “anticonvulsants”. All original research articles, case reports and systematic reviews pertaining to seizures or use of anticonvulsants in posterior fossa lesions were considered for inclusion.
Results

A total of 79 cases of posterior fossa lesions, identified from 8 studies, were included for analysis. Incidence of seizures in posterior fossa lesions ranged from 1.8–5% in various studies. The highest incidence for seizures was reported with medulloblastoma, cerebellar haemorrhage and during microvascular decompression for cases of neurovascular conflict. The most significant risk factor for seizures in post-operative period was use to ventricular shunt or ventriculostomy. AEDs were administered symptomatically after the occurrence of seizures in 78 cases except for the use of prophylactic AEDs in a single case of posterior cranial fossa lipoma.
Conclusion

Seizures in association with posterior fossa lesions are rare and associated with a poor prognosis. Clinical detection can often be difficult and EEG helps in early diagnosis and treatment. Further studies are needed to confirm the role of prophylactic AEDs in high-risk cases.
Predictive Factors of Rapid Linear Renal Progression and Mortality in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Ali Ibrahim , Chinnadurai Rajkumar , Ibrahim Sara T. , Green Darren , Kalra Philip 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Risk factors predictive of rapid linear chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression and its associations with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and mortality requires further exploration, particularly as patients with linear eGFR trajectory represent a clear paradigm for understanding true CKD progression.Methods: A linear regression slope was applied to all outpatient estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) values for patients in the Salford Kidney Study who had ≥ 2 years follow-up, ≥ 4 eGFR values and baseline CKD stages 3a-4. An eGFR slope (ΔeGFR) of ≤-4 ml/min/1.73 m2/yr defined rapid progressors, whereas − 0.5 to + 0.5 ml/min/1.73 m2/yr defined stable patients. Binary logistic regression was utilised to explore variables associated with rapid progression and Cox proportional hazards model to determine predictors for mortality prior to ESRD.Results: There were 157 rapid progressors (median ΔeGFR − 5.93 ml/min/1.73 m2/yr) and 179 stable patients (median ΔeGFR − 0.03 ml/min/1.73 m2/yr). Over 5 years, rapid progressors had an annual rate of mortality or ESRD of 47 per 100 patients compared with 6 per 100 stable patients. Factors associated with rapid progression included younger age, female gender, higher diastolic pressure, higher total cholesterol:high density lipoprotein ratio, lower albumin, lower haemoglobin and a urine protein:creatinine ratio of > 50 g/mol. The latter three factors were also predictive of mortality prior to ESRD, along with older age, smoking, peripheral vascular disease and heart failure.Conclusions: There is a heterogenous interplay of risk factors associated with rapid linear CKD progression and mortality in patients with CKD. Furthermore, rapid progressors have high rates of adverse outcomes and require close specialist monitoring.
Developing an Assessment Scale for Long-term Care Reablement Literacy in Home Care Workers in Taiwan Using a Modified Delphi Method
Authors: Yu Hsiao-Wei , Chiu Tzu-Ying , Chen Pin-Yuan , Liao Tai-Hsiang , Chang Wen-Hui , Wang Mei-Wen , Lin Pay-Shin 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
Reablement is a philosophy of change in long-term care (LTC). Assessing the knowledge and competence of LTC professionals who provide reablement services is vital in an LTC research. This study aimed to develop the Scale for Assessment of Long-Term Care Reablement Literacy (LTCRL) and employ this scale in assessing the performance of home care workers.
Methods
To develop this scale, we employed the modified Delphi technique based on the theoretical framework of health literacy and the content of service delivery in reablement. Home care workers from the north, middle, and south of Taiwan were selected through purposive sampling (N = 119). Participants answered a self-administered questionnaire, which included items related to basic demographics and questions to test LTCRL.
Results
Based on the experts’ consensus on the procedure of the modified Delphi technique, the Scale for Assessment of LTCRL consists of 29 questions on four aspects of knowledge acquisition, namely, the abilities to access/obtain, understand, process and appraise, and apply/use. Results revealed that higher educational levels and better Chinese language proficiency are associated with higher LTCRL outcomes among home care workers.
Conclusions
The Scale for Assessment of LTCRL based on a modified Delphi technique is a useful and feasible tool for evaluating the LTCRL of home care workers who provide reablement services in Taiwan.
Mineralogical and geochemical characterization of hydrocarbon microseepage-induced sediments in part of Assam-Arakan Fold Belt, Cachar area, NE India
Authors: Garain Santosh , Mitra Debashis , Das Pranab 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Long term hydrocarbon microseepages create a reducing environment on the surface rocks and sediments, which induces an array of mineralogical alterations. Among these alterations, the reduction of ferric iron minerals to ferrous iron minerals and precipitation of clay and carbonates are significant. Several studies have been carried out to characterize these hydrocarbon induced rocks/sediments. Almost all these studies have been carried out for arid to semi-arid climatic regions. The present study attempts to characterize the geochemical properties of the hydrocarbon induced sediments in part of Assam-Arakan Fold Belt (AAFB), NE India characterized by heavy rainfall. Reflectance spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and inductively coupled plasma emission - mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) studies have been carried out on the sediments. The reflectance spectroscopy reveals that microseepage-induced sediments have higher clay content and lesser ferric iron mineral content. Geochemical indices also suggest that the hydrocarbon-affected sediments are relatively more altered than the unaffected ones. Studies of trace element patterns indicate that the hydrocarbon-induced sediments are enriched in average Be, V, Cu, Zn, Ga, Zr, and Mo and are depleted in Li, Cr, Co, Ni, Rb, Sr, Sc, and Y. The normalized rare earth element (REE) distribution patterns are the same for both the microseepage affected and unaffected sediments though the microseepage-induced sediments are slightly depleted in the REEs. The present study, thus, points out that the hydrocarbon microseepage-induced alterations are also evident in the high precipitation terrains though the alteration levels are less pronounced than that of the arid to semi-arid climatic regions due to abundant surface and groundwater which mobilize the minerals/elements from the microseepage system and tries to homogenize the compositions.
Failure of Preventive Treatments in Migraine: An Observational Retrospective Study in a Tertiary Headache Center
Authors: Delussi Marianna Diletta , Vecchio Eleonora , Quitadamo Silvia Giovanna , Libro Giuseppe , De Tommaso Marina 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the criteria of acute migraine treatment and prevention have been well described , there are still unmet needs, for a general underuse and low benefit of preventive treatments. The aim of the present study was to observe retrospectively the short term effect of preventive treatment in a cohort of migraine patients come at a tertiary headache center, using data from an electronic medical record. METHODS This was an observational retrospective cohort study on data collected in a tertiary headache center. Data were extracted from an electronic dataset collected between January 2009 to December 2019. Main selection criteria were age 18-75, diagnosis of migraine without aura(MO), with aura (MA) and chronic migraine (CM), a control visit after three months from the first access, prescription of preventive treatment with level of evidence 1 as reported by Italian guidelines. As primary outcome measure we considered the change of frequency of headache at follow up , as second outcomes disability scores , intensity of headache, allodynia; as predictive factors age, migraine duration, sex and headache frequency, allodynia, anxiety and depression at baseline; comorbidity with fibromyalgia. RESULTS Among 6430 patients screened,2800 met the selection, 1800 returned to follow up, 550 withdrawn for adverse events, 1100 were introduced into analysis. One hundred thirty four had a frequency reduction of 50% or more. Flunarizine was used in less severe migraine, with a better effect as compared to other drugs (odds ratio 1.48; p 0.022). Low headache frequency and absent or mild allodynia predicted a better outcome. CONCLUSIONSThe mild effect of preventive drugs on migraine features and the number of patients lost to follow up or dropped out for adverse events confirm that in severely and chronic sufferers the first line preventive approach could delay a more focused therapeutic approach.
The Characteristics of Video Capsule Endoscopy in Pediatric Henoch–Schönlein Purpura with Gastrointestinal Symptoms
Authors: Fang Youhong , Peng Kerong , Zhao Hong , Chen Jie 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background Henoch–Schönlein purpura (HSP) is a systemic small-vessel vasculitis that commonly affects gastrointestinal tract. The video capsule endoscopy (VCE) characteristics of pediatric HSP patients were rarely investigated. Methods Patients diagnosed with HSP by VCE examination at our hospital from February 2010 to January 2019 are analyzed. The clinical features, laboratory findings, and the characteristics of VCE findings are studied. Results There are 30 patients enrolled in this investigation from February 2010 to January 2020. The mean age of these patients is 96.9±35.8 months, and the most frequent finding of VCE is mucosal erosion, which account for 69 % of the patients, and followed by mucosal erythema or petechia accounted for 79.3 % of the patients. Regarding to the disease location detected by endoscopy, jejunum is the most common involved part of the gastrointestinal tract in pediatric HSP patients. All the patients had jejunum involved except in one patient the VCE did not pass through the pylorus. One third of the patients involved the descent part of duodenum. No side effects are observed in this study. Conclusions VCE is safe and effective in the diagnosis of gastrointestinal involved HSP patients with or without typical skin purpura. Jejunum is the most common involve location in gastrointestinal.
Recognition of Plausible Therapeutic Agents to Combat COVID-19: An Omics Data Based Combined Approach
Authors: Hossain Mohammad Uzzal , Bhattacharjee Arittra , Emon Md. Tabassum Hossain , Chowdhury Zeshan Mahmud , Mosaib Md. Golam , Mourin Muntahi , Das Keshob Chandra , Keya Chaman Ara , Salimullah Md. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) has become an immense threat to global public health. The causative agent of this disease is a novel zoonotic pathogen called Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome related Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Since this is a newly evolved pathogen, very limited information is available to develop effective therapeutics against this deadly virus. Although bioinformatics based analysis could be handy to unveil drugs or vaccines against bacteria and fungus, such approaches are hardly seen for acellular viruses. However, in this study we rationally merged several powerful in silico techniques and proposed prospective therapeutics based on available omics data for COVID-19. Through meticulous analysis of conserved regions of 67 SARS-CoV-2 strains, spike and membrane glycoproteins were chosen to develop and propose a chimeric vaccine against this virus. siRNAs were also designed against these glycoprotein genes to silence them. Moreover, six drug compound candidates were suggested to inhibit the conserved RNA-directed RNA polymerase protein. Finally, due to the close relationship of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV, publicly available gene expression datasets of SARS-CoV were analyzed to identify 13 immunoregulatory genes that might develop interferon based therapy. Our study will quicken the researches among pharmaceuticals, researchers and clinicians to develop rapid therapeutics for controlling this notorious pandemic disease. Authors Mohammad Uzzal Hossain, Arittra Bhattacharjee, Md. Tabassum Hossain Emon, and Zeshan Mahmud Chowdhury contributed equally to this work.
Nigella sativa and Cancer: A Review Focusing on Breast Cancer, Inhibition of Metastasis and Enhancement of Natural Killer Cell Cytotoxicity
Authors: Korak Tuğcan , Ergül Emel , Sazci Ali 
Published: April 2020

Background:
In the last decade, there have been accumulating data that the use of medicinal
plants could bring additional benefits to the supportive treatment of various diseases. Nigella sativa
(N. sativa, family Ranunculaceae) is one of these plants that has attracted considerable interest. The extracts
and seeds of N. sativa and its active component thymoquinone have been studied extensively and
the results suggest that N. sativa might carry some therapeutic potential for many diseases, including
cancer.

Methods:
The selection criteria for references were applied through Pubmed with “N. sativa and cancer”,
“N. sativa and breast cancer”, “N. sativa and metastasis”, “N. sativa and cytotoxicity of natural
killer cells”. The pathway analysis was performed using the PANTHER tool by using five randomly
selected N. sativa affected genes (Cyclin D1, P53, p21 protein (Cdc42/Rac) activated kinase 1 (PAK1),
B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)) in order to elucidate further
potentially affected signaling pathways.

Results:
The aim of this review was to summarize studies regarding the effects of N. sativa in cancer
generally, with a focus on breast cancer, its anti-metastatic effects, and how N. sativa modulates the
cytotoxicity of Natural Killer cells that play a crucial role in tumor surveillance.

Conclusion:
In summary, the data suggest that N. sativa might be used for its anti-cancer and antimetastatic
properties and as an immune system activator against cancer.