bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modification of Starch from Taro Tubers with Hydrolysis Acid As the Adhesive
Authors: Yuniar  , Aznury Martha , Sofiah  , Meilianti  
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The use of Starch from Taro tubers as an adhesive raw material is done by hydrolyzing talc of Taro Tuber into dextrin using Chloride Acid (HCl) as the catalyst. The variables involved in this research are temperature and hydrolysis time whence the variations of temperature are 80°C, 100°C, 120°C, and 140°C also for the duration of hydrolysis time are 10, 20 and 30 minutes. The variations of temperature and time can affect the nature of dextrin produced. The analysis parameters include swelling power, solubility, dextrose equivalent (DE) and water content. The hydrolysis of taro tuber starch is then added with sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) and formaldehyde solution (CH2O). The mixture is added with some water and heated to a temperature of 60°C to form a homogeneous mixture. After the Dextrin Glue is formed, the process is continued by analyzing the adhesive power of the synthesized gluten. From the research’s outcome, knowing that the optimum condition of adhesive was at 80°C and 30 min of hydrolysis time also the analysis number of swelling power is 2.27, along with 1.7% solubility, dextrose equivalent 3,523%, moisture content 14% and the adhesion 283,84 N/cm2.
The Performance of Reverse Osmosis (RO) Membrane in Producing Pure Water
Authors: Junaidi Robert , Hasan Abu , Yerizam Muhammad , Purnamasari Indah 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This research was conducted to determine the performance of Reverse Osmosis (RO) membranes in producing pure water, pure water known as mineral-free water or water with zero dissolved solids (TDS = 0 ppm).PDAM (Regional Drinking Water Company) Tirta Musi in Palembang, South Sumatra and water from the Micro Filtration (MF) and Ultrafiltration (UF) processes are fed to the RO process using two feeding methods, namely a single pass and a circulation feed. In a single pass feed, the operating pressure is set at 20 - 50 Psig, where an increase in the product rate and the rejection rate so that the flux increases. Rejection of TDS obtained increased from 96.6% - 97.5%. Furthermore, the circulating feed system with a constant pressure of 50 Psig decreases TDS and Conductivity. Rejection of TDS 96.1% for PDAM water feed and Rejection of TDS for feed water from MF&UF 97.3% in subsequent feedings there was a decrease in TDS and conductivity but not significantly. The purified water produced has a TDS content of 0.16 - 0.48 ppm, a conductivity of 0.17 - 0.49 μs/cm, a pH of 6.99 - 7.2 and a resistivity of 177 - 185 kΩ, the characteristics of this pure water are according to the standard pure water in ASTM D1193 - 99e1 and NCCLS.
Growth kinetics of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and tape yeast on the cassava pulp fermentation
Authors: Hidayat Beni , Hasanudin Udin , Muslihudin M. , Akmal Syamsu , Nurdjanah Siti , Yuliana Neti 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Saccharomyces cerevisiae is the most commonly used yeast in the fermentation process on high starch/carbohydrate substrates, for example, cassava pulp, a by-product from the tapioca industry. In addition to the pure culture of S. cerevisiae, the fermentation process of cassava pulp can be done using tape yeast (a consortium of yeast, fungal and bacteria). The objective of this research was to study the growth kinetics of S. cerevisiae and tape yeast on cassava pulp fermentation. The growth kinetics of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and tape yeast was observed through cells number, rate of starch degradation, rate of dietary fiber degradation, rate of cyanide degradation, and rate of protein formation. The research showed that the S. cerevisiae pure culture could grow better during cassava pulp fermentation compared to tape yeast, which is reflected by the logarithmic growth rate (up to 72 h versus 48 h). The difference in the growth rate between S. cerevisiae pure culture and tape yeast will cause a difference in starch degradation rate (73.02 mg/h versus 65.09 mg/h), dietary fiber degradation rate (87.33 mg/h versus 21.09 mg/h), cyanide degradation rate (92.57.10−2 ppm/h versus 97.49.10−2 ppm/h), protein formation rate (48.92 mg/h versus 50.08 mg/h).
Industrial Mapping in Java-Kalimantan-Nusa Tenggara Corridor
Authors: Berawi M A , Miraj P , Sidqi H , Gaffara G R , Gunawan  
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Indonesia aims to catapult its trade and industry development and become one of the economic powerhouses in the future. The strategies initially developed in 2011 were expected to increase economic activities and growth. However, due to the steady growth of economic development, an evaluation of the previous master plan is proposed. The purpose of this study was to assess Indonesia’s economic corridor by considering Java-Kalimantan-Nusa Tenggara as the case study. Primary data was obtained from government officials while public records and benchmarking from other countries provided secondary data. From the results, there is need for development on each corridor, especially in hardware computing, software computing, Upgrading Brown Coal (UBC) processing, and the tourism industries. This research recommends development of industries and provision of resources to stimulate economic development.
Stabilization of Peat Soils Using Petrasoil with Cement Viewed From CBR Value and Free Compressive Strength Value Of Soils
Authors: Ibrahim  , Herius Andi , Fikri Julian , Shaid Ramadhinata M. , Maryani  
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Peat soils are organic soils that physically and technically do not meet the requirements and conditions in construction work because peat soils have very high water content and compressibility and have low soil bearing capacity. For various reasons and considerations, work construction on peat deposits is often forced to be carried out, especially for the construction of highways. So one way to overcome this problem needs to be improved by stabilizing the soil. Peat soil stabilization includes trying to add a mixture of Petrasoil and cement.
In this study, peat soils were taken in the Ogan Ilir Eastern Highway area and then stabilized and tested using physical and mechanical properties tests such as Specific Gravity, Atterberg Limits, Sieve Analysis, Hydrometers, Standard Compaction, California Bearing Ratio (CBR), and Free Compressive Strength. The variation additional cement content by 2.5%; 7.5%; 12.5%; 17.5%, while the Petrasoil mixture is by comparison (1:75). From the results of the optimum moisture content through the compaction test, the California Bearing Ratio (CBR) and free compressive strength tests were performed to see the effect of each addition of cement and Petrasoil on peat soils.The results showed improvements in physical properties and increased California Bearing Ratio (CBR) value and free compressive strength, meaning that the soil becomes more stable.
Effect of groundwater table on slope stability and design of retaining wall
Authors: Ahmad R , Mardhanie A B , Suroso P , Sutarto T E , Alfajri R 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Groundwater table on slope stability are important contributing factors to slope failures. Parametric studies were carried out to study the effect of groundwater table position in affecting slope stability. Six different groundwater table corresponding to the wettest, typical, and driest were used in the numerical analyses using Geo Studio. In order to monitor slope stability, GeoStudio software is frequently applied to landslide stability analysis. In this paper, Jalan Poros Berau-Tanjung Selor slope stability prediction in East Borneo was subjected by GeoStudio software, while limit equilibrium method was adopted to calculate the safety factor in the slip surface based on five different groundwater table. Overall, the analyses shows that the five different groundwater table give the different safety factor. From this matter, retaining wall has planned with two layer, based on the critical condition which show by minimum safety factor.
Study of Plastic Waste Power Plants Capacity Unit 1 KWh Using Plastic Bags Based on Effectiveness Produced in Optimum Load
Authors: Tahdid  , Syarif Aida , Trisnaliani Lety , Effendy Sahrul 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This research conducted to convert plastic bags into liquid fuels to be used as alternative fuels in generators to produce electricity. The purpose was to get the influence of the electrical load (200;400; 600;800; and 1000 watt) and ratio liquid fuel product with gasoline (0:5;1:4;2:3;3:2;4:1;and 5:0) towards performance liquid fuel the result of conversion Polypropylene (PP) and Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE) plastic waste on the unit prototype plastic waste power plant with design capacity 1 KWH in terms of Specific Fuel Consumption (SFC) value, Torque and effective power generator. Effective power and torque analyzed using tachometer, voltmeter, ampere meter, and stopwatch while SFC calculation of liquid fuel consumption. Analysis of this data using descriptive statistical analysis that is describing collected data after being given treatment during the research, by presenting data in the form of tables, figures, and calculations. The results of the research show that the ratio liquid fuel:gasoline 2:3 with 800 Watt Electrical load produced of engine power, torque, and SFC optimal with results 1.280 Hp, 173.611 Nm, and 0.461 Kg/Hp.hr., with type of Polypropylene plastic, while type of Low Density Polyethylene plastic have the result 1.259 Hp, 170.753 Nm, and 0.536 Kg/Hp.hr., so that by mixing it can save conventional fuel specially gasoline.
Thermal decomposition of Gayo Arabica coffee-pulp in a segmented chamber
Authors: Setiawan Adi , Randa Alex G. , Faisal  , Bin Nur Taufiq , Rusdianasari  
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This paper reports experimental investigation on slow pyrolysis process of Gayo Arabica coffee-pulp with a target of biochar quality improvement. Investigation started with preparing the design, fabrication and testing of a-pilot-scale batch reactor. Later, the reactor was modified by placing stainless-steel trays to split the reactor into three zones. The performance of reactor after modification was examined and compared it with data gained from un-modified reactor. Temperature profile and product distribution have been observed during slow pyrolysis process of coffee-pulp in order to evaluate the performance of reactor. Results show that installing trays inside the reactor improves heat distribution and diffusion of hot gasses through the chamber. Segmented reactor demonstrated a more stable in temperature changes during pyrolysis experiment. Enhanced yield of biochar up to 42.87 % is gained during pyrolysis experiment in segmented reactor. Investigation on characteristic of biochar suggests less impurity has been found from modified reactor product.
The Effect of Geotechnical Characteristics Toward Road Damage at Lowland Area
Authors: Andriani  , Shubhi Nurul Hadie M. , Asema Fuji 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Road damage often occurs in lowland areas, one of the reasons is unstable soil conditions. This study aims to determine the relationship between geotechnical characteristics of soil and road damage. Field observations were carried out in the Tanjung Api-Api lowland area to find out the type of road damage. Testing of soil physical and mechanical properties was carried out to determine the geotechnical characteristics of the soil at that location. Results from current study show that that generally the types of road damage lowland areas are cracking, grade depressions, potholes, and distortion. The soil properties test results obtained that the soil in the Tanjung Api-Api lowland area was classified by Unified Soil Classification System (USCS) as an inorganic silt (MH) and organic clay soil with moderate to high plasticity (OH). In general, soil of this type has a low bearing capacity so that it requires handling and selection of construction that is suitable with this type of soil. Based on the classification of American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO), the soil in the Tanjung Api-Api area is A-7-5 and A-5, which are clay and silt land with moderate to poor criteria if used as subgrade so that this land usually require s special handling when used as subgrade because it has the potential to deformation.
The Evaluation of Mechanical Rheology on Rubber Asphalt Modification
Authors: Ramdhani Fitra 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Scientifically natural rubber can be used as an asphalt modifier. Natural rubber production in Indonesia is dominated by crumb rubber products. Based on the technology developed by the addition of natural rubber can improve the rheology properties of asphalt. Therefore, this research used SIR 20 crumb rubber by evaluating the mechanistic rheological properties of asphalt mixtures. The purpose of this research to analyze of effect adding crumb rubber to asphalt Pen 60/70 toward the mechanistic rheology parameters to analyze the bitumen stiffness modulus (E *) that occurs with rubber modified asphalt.In order to obtain optimum levels of addition of rubber into asphalt pen 60/70. The method of this research was carried out in two stages, the first was to make a mixture of Pen 60/70 asphalt and crumb rubber on a variation of crumb rubber content, namely 0%, 4%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, and 20 % while the second is to test the mechanical rheological properties performed with a Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR). The results of this study indicate that the value of Bitumen Stiffness Modulus (E *) has decreased in line with the addition of SIR 20 Crumb Rubber content. The optimum level of addition of SIR 20 crumb rubber is on adding 9% of SIR 20 crumb rubber content to asphalt pen 60/70.
Influence of foam to water ratio on compressive strength of foamed mortar as the road construction material
Authors: Subrianto Agus , Amiruddin  , Ibrahim  , Sulianti Ika , Nudia  , Beladin Salsabila 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The traffic load repetition gives pressure on road may cause the settlement on road embankment especially on weak soil. One of the method to solve this problem is the use of lightweight material called foamed mortar as embankment material. In this study the authors use a foam agent as an added material from a mixture of sand, cement, water to make foamed mortar that can be applied to road foundation. This research is carried out to investigate the effect of variation of foam to water on compressive strength. From the results of mortar compressive strength test with variations of 1:20, 1:25, 1:30, 1:35, 1:40, the mean of compressive strength occurs at 28 days with the following variation are 2927 kPa, 2056 kPa, 1352 kPa, 790 kPa, and 747 kPa respectively. Based on the test results, variations of 1:20, 1:25, and 1:30 have met the compressive strength required at 800 kPa, while the variations of 1:35, 1:40 are below the target.
The Effect of Addition of High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) as Binder on Hebel Light Brick (celcon)
Authors: Silviyati Idha , Zubaidah Nyayu , Amin Jaksen M. , Supraptiah Endang , Dwi Utami Rizka , Ramadhan Iqbal 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Plastic is one of the polymer materials that is widely used in daily lives, one of them is High-Density Poly Ethylene (HDPE) polymer which is the one type of the large contributors to plastic waste, and also believed to cause environmental and health problems. One of the advanced materials is lightweight brick which has become an innovation in building materials. Lightweight Hebel brick (celcon) is an infrastructure product that is widely used on this day. This study is entitled High-Density Poly Ethylene (HDPE) Polymers as Binders in Lightweight Hebel Bricks (Celcon). Referring to the research master plan of the Sriwijaya State Polytechnic namely appropriate technological and industrial innovation and technology development of mining products. In this study utilizing High-Density Poly Ethylene (HDPE) polymers as Binder and Portland Cement type I and silica Sand as Filler, in the process of making Lightweight Hebel Bricks (Celcon). The comparison of the Filler and Binder are 30:70, 40:60, 50:50, 60:40, 70:30 in %wt. Sample testing is done by testing the compressive strength, analyzing water absorption, density, and SEM & EDX. This research shows that the compressive strength produced is included in quality I and quality III according to SNI 03-0349-1989 which in the variation of filler sample A has a compressive strength of 224.67 kg/cm2 and variation of filler sample B is 40, 45 kg/cm2. The value of water absorption produced is also still below the maximum limit, which is 25% which in the variation of sample A filler is 0.97% and the variation of filler sample B is 2.42%. The density values obtained are included in the medium density for filler variation of sample A, which is 900 kg/m3 and high density for variation of filler sample B, which by 1800 kg/m3. SEM-EDX analysis results showed that sample A has more porosity when compared to variations of sample B filler. In terms of economic analysis, the advantage of using plastic as material in making Hebel bricks is the cost of making it economically due to the presence of plastic that is easily found.
The Effect of Cracking Temperature from a Mixture of HDPE and LDPE type Plastic Waste using Zeolite Catalyst on the Quality of Liquid Fuel Products
Authors: Coniwanti Pamilia , Nur Sakinah Indira , Hadiah Fitri , Unzillah Kendari Putri Farra , Muin Roosdiana , Robinsyah  
Published: May 2020

Abstract
In November 2017, Indonesia was recorded as number two of the most plastic waste producing country in the world, as much as 187.2 million ton plastic waste. Several type of plastic which is often used and turns into waste after usage are HDPE and LDPE. As a way to reuse the plastic waste, it can be converted to fuel through a cracking process by pyrolysis method using activated zeolite as the catalyst. This research has the variation of the raw material ratio (%HDPE:%LDPE) such as 0:100, 30:70, 50:50, 70:30, and 100:0, also the variation of cracking temperature such as 300°C, 350°C, 400°C, and 450°C. The optimum result in this research is cracking product with raw material ratio 70:30 and cracking temperature 400°C with yield value 83 ml and the characteristics of the product are viscosity with value of 1.15735 mm2/s, gross heat with value of 10,280.872 cal/gr, density with the value of 0.77017 gr/ml, and flash point with value of 31.5°C. The pyrolysis product analysed by using GC-MS method and the result shows the dominant composition in the fuel is in the range of C8-C20 and by using F-TIR method the result shows obtained the largest compound C-H (alkane).
Technique automatic for detection and segmentation of optic disc area in retinal image
Authors: Erwin  , Cania B , Larasati I K 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Optic disc (OD) is a part that must be observed in diagnosing retinal disease. In this paper an approach will be proposed for segmentation and detection of the OD area. Segmentation and detection are important steps in detecting a retinal disease automatically. Segmentation in this study was carried out using the Luminance Channel and Active Contours method, and for OD area detection was carried out using the Averaging Filter method and Image Histogram. Before segmenting and detecting the OD area begins with pre-processing as an increase in image quality and eliminating blood vessels. The detection results obtained an accuracy of 90% and 97.50% using the STARE and DRIVE dataset, while segmentation uses the DRIVE dataset with the acquisition of PSNR of 19.705 dB, accuracy of 86.45%, sensitivity 100% and specificity is 85.175%. The results of the research obtained can be used as a further step in diagnosing retinal disease.
New techniques for segmentation and extraction retinal blood vessels
Authors: Erwin  , Rohman A , Nurjanah L A , Yurika  , Sinta D , Al’afwa Q 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Blood vessels are one of the important organs in the retina that can be used to diagnose various diseases. We research blood vessel segmentation and extraction with various methods in the STARE and DRIVE dataset. The methods we use are adaptive thresholding, otsu thresholding, isodata, fuzzy c means, and bradley threshold. The parameters we use as a result of comparison are accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. The best results of accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity in the STARE dataset were 93.66%, 92.62%, and 96.85%, respectively. The best results of the DRIVE dataset are 95.96%, 90.37%, and 98.36%, respectively.
Optimization of City Bus Routes in Surabaya Using Memetic Algorithm as a Solution to Solve Orienteering Problem
Authors: Rakhmad Firdausi Fauzi , Djunaidy Arif , Muklason Ahmad 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The city of Surabaya is the largest metropolitan city in East Java and has a variety of tourist attractions that can be visited, such as shopping centres, theme parks, monuments, museums and historical places. As the second largest city in Indonesia, Surabaya has not escaped from traffic jams. Congestion is aggravated by the number of tourists out of town visiting the city of Surabaya using private vehicles. The Surabaya City Government seeks various ways to reduce traffic congestion, such as improving public transportation facilities and services in the city of Surabaya and increasing public awareness of the importance of using public transportation. To support this, a service is made that aims to optimize the selection of travel routes to various tourist objects in accordance with the time availability of tourists. In this research, the selection of city bus lines is seen as orienteering problem (OP). The city bus line used is as many as 10 routes. To find the optimal solution, Memetic Algorithm is used as a form of development of Genetic Algorithms. The addition of local search in Memetic Algorithms aims to find optimal solutions more efficiently. The local search algorithm that will be used is Hill Climbing and Simulated Annealing. Completion of OP problems is implemented using the Java programming language by comparing the results of the completion of three algorithms used, namely Genetic Algorithm (GA), Hill Climbing Memetic Algorithm (HCMA), and Simulated Annealing Memetic Algorithm (SAMA) using the best parameters of each algorithm. The results of the trial show that SAMA can provide the best fitness value solutions from HCMA and GA. So that SAMA can be said to be very feasible to be used to solve the OP problems in determining the optimal path using public transportation for city buses in Surabaya.