bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of native and introduced birds in transmission of avian malaria in Hawaii
Authors: McClure Katherine M. , Fleischer Robert C. , Kilpatrick A. Marm 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe introduction of nonnative species and reductions in native biodiversity have resulted in substantial changes in vector and host communities globally, but the consequences for pathogen transmission are poorly understood. In lowland Hawaii, bird communities are composed of primarily introduced species, with scattered populations of abundant native species. We examined the influence of avian host community composition, specifically the role of native and introduced species, as well as host diversity, on the prevalence of avian malaria (Plasmodium relictum) in the southern house mosquito (Culex quinquefasciatus). We also explored the reciprocal effect of malaria transmission on native host populations and demography. Avian malaria infection prevalence in mosquitoes increased with the density and relative abundance of native birds, as well as host community competence, but was uncorrelated with host diversity. Avian malaria transmission was estimated to reduce population growth rates of Hawai‘i ʻamakihi (Chlorodrepanis virens) by 7–14%, but mortality from malaria could not explain gaps in this species’ distribution at our sites. Our results suggest that, in Hawaii, native host species increase pathogen transmission to mosquitoes, but introduced species can also support malaria transmission alone. The increase in pathogen transmission with native bird abundance leads to additional disease mortality in native birds, further increasing disease impacts in an ecological feedback cycle. In addition, vector abundance was higher at sites without native birds and this overwhelmed the effects of host community composition on transmission such that infected mosquito abundance was highest at sites without native birds. Higher disease risk at these sites due to higher vector abundance could inhibit recolonization and recovery of native species to these areas. More broadly, this work shows how differences in host competence for a pathogen among native and introduced taxa can influence transmission and highlights the need to examine this question in other systems to determine the generality of this result.
Volatility and jump risk in option returns
Authors: Guo Biao , Lin Hai 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWe examine the importance of volatility and jump risk in the time‐series prediction of S&P 500 index option returns. The empirical analysis provides a different result between call and put option returns. Both volatility and jump risk are important predictors of put option returns. In contrast, only volatility risk is consistently significant in the prediction of call option returns over the sample period. The empirical results support the theory that there is option risk premium associated with volatility and jump risk, and reflect the asymmetry property of S&P 500 index distribution.
Ventral hippocampus inactivation enhances the extinction of active avoidance responses in the presence of safety signals but leaves discrete trial operant active avoidance performance intact
Authors: Çavdaroğlu Bilgehan , Toy Jeffrey , Schumacher Anett , Carvalho Gabriel , Patel Mihilkumar , Ito Rutsuko 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe acquisition of active avoidance (AA) behavior is typically aided by the presence of two signals—the warning signal, which predicts the future occurrence of an aversive event (e.g., shocks), and the safety signal, which is presented upon successful avoidance of oncoming shocks. While the warning signal could be conceived to act as a Pavlovian fear cue, and is likely mediated by brain areas that underlie Pavlovian fear cue conditioning, the neural substrates underlying safety signaling are less clear, largely due to the unavailability of AA tasks that are devoid of an explicit warning signal. The present study sought to investigate the role of the ventral hippocampus (VH) in safety signaled AA performance acquired without an explicit warning signal, using a novel discrete trial paradigm. Adult male Long Evans rats were divided into two groups and trained to acquire AA responses with, or without a safety signal. Analysis of the acquisition and stable state performance data revealed that the availability of a safety signal alone did not improve the acquisition or performance of AA responses. Furthermore, post‐training, reversible VH inactivation did not impact stable state avoidance behavior. However, extinction of avoidance responses was facilitated in the group trained with a safety signal, and this effect was further potentiated by VH inactivation. Additional elevated plus maze (EPM), light–dark box, and locomotor tests demonstrated that VH inactivation reduced anxiety without affecting locomotor activity. Taken together, these results demonstrate the importance of VH in the extinction of persistent pathological avoidance behavior when safety is signaled.
2,2′,4,4′,5‐Pentabromodiphenyl ether induces lipid accumulation throughout differentiation in 3T3‐L1 and human preadipocytes in vitro
Authors: Armstrong Laura E. , Akinbo Stephen , Slitt Angela L. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractFlame retardants, specifically polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), are chemical compounds widely used for industrial purposes and household materials. NHANES data indicate that nearly all Americans have trace amounts of PBDEs in serum, with even higher levels associated with occupational exposure. PBDEs are known to bioaccumulate in the environment due to their lipophilicity and stability, and more importantly, they have been detected in human adipose tissue. The present study examined whether the PBDE congener, BDE‐99 (2,2′,4,4′,5‐pentabromodiphenyl ether; 0.2‐20 μM), enhances the adipogenesis of mouse and human preadipocyte cell models in vitro via induced lipid accumulation. 3T3‐L1 mouse preadipocytes and human visceral preadipocytes demonstrated enhanced hormone‐induced lipid accumulation upon BDE‐99 treatment. In addition, BDE‐99 (20 μM) induced preadipocyte differentiation and lipid development in nondifferentiated human preadipocytes. BDE‐99, the second most abundant congener in human adipose tissue, increased total lipids in differentiating adipocytes and therefore showed a potential role in the regulation of adipogenesis. This warrants more research to further understand the impact of lipophilic persistent pollutants on adipose tissue homeostasis.
Surface coating on solidified water‐based drilling waste materials and its mechanism for resource reuse
Authors: Huang Weian , Lei Ming , Li Gongrang , Wang Yongchao , Du Kun , Chen Weiqing , Qiu Zhengsong 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDStabilization/solidification treatment has been used as the final step for water‐based drilling waste materials (WBDWMs) worldwide; however, solidified WBDWMs possess potential secondary leaching pollution and environmental adaptability problems. The objective of this study is to develop a surface coating technology for deeply treating solidified WBDWMs.RESULTSThe mechanical, wettability, durability and environmental protection properties of uncoated and coated solidified WBDWMs were conducted in this work. Test results showed that after surface coating the solidified WBDWMs exhibited remarkable water‐proof performance, water absorption rate decreased from 0.06489 to 0.0314 mm min−1/2 and surface contact angle increased from 36.25° to 65°, resulting in the reduction of strength loss rate from 59% to 16% after 1‐day soaked in water. Moreover, after immersed in 10% hydrochloric acid (HCl), 10% sulfuric acid (H2SO4) and 10% sodium hydroxide (NaOH) for 7 days, both external and internal structures remained intact and strength loss rates were below 50%. Furthermore, environmental performances related to the leachate of coated WBDWMs achieved PRC national Grade I discharging standard and contents of heavy metal ions were too low to be detected. Microcosmic tests showed that the high strength of solidified WBDWMs was mainly from mechanical interlocking of hydration products.CONCLUSIONBased on the surface coating treatment, a sealed hydrophobic layer tightly bonded to substrate can be formed, which prevented degradation of strength when exposed to harsh environment and leaching of inside contaminants. Therefore, the application of surface coating can enhance durability and environmental performances of WBDWMs for better reuse. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Conservation and divergence in sorgoleone production of sorghum species
Authors: Besançon Thierry E. , Dayan Franck E. , Gannon Travis W. , Everman Wesley J. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSorgoleone‐358 is an important allelochemical of the oily droplets exuded from root hairs of various species in the Sorghum genus. Due to its hydrophobic nature, sorgoleone‐358 can be strongly adsorbed onto soil organic matter, resulting in increased sorgoleone soil persistence. Because of the herbicidal activity of sorgoleone on many small‐seeded weeds, concerns have been raised that sorghum residues may have a detrimental effect on emergence of wheat used as a double crop in the southeastern United States. Laboratory experiments were conducted to evaluate root exudate production and its sorgoleone‐358 content for 36 cultivated sorghum cultivars as well as eight shattercane [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench ssp. arundinaceum (Desv.) de Wet & Harlan] accessions and one johnsongrass [S. halepense (L.) Pers.] accession. Using a capillary growing mat system, root exudate was extracted with dichloromethane and subjected to chromatography analysis to determine sorgoleone‐358 content. Root biomass of 7‐ to 12‐d‐old seedlings averaged 18.8 mg g−1 seed, and root exudate production ranged from 0.2 and 4.8 mg g−1 root fresh weight (RFW). The amount of sorgoleone produced varied greatly among sorghum accessions. Sorgoleone‐358 amount in the root exudate averaged 0.5 mg g−1 RFW and varied from 0.13 to 1.05 mg g−1 for shattercane cultivar S7 and cultivated sorghum cultivar 992123, respectively. Regarding volume of root biomass, sorgoleone‐358 levels averaged 0.49 mg g−1 (range, 0.06–1.46 mg g−1) for sorghum cultivar AAS3479 and shattercane cultivar S2, respectively. Segregation of commercial sorghum cultivars according to their maturity group did not show any difference in root biomass and dry extract production, but early‐maturing cultivars produced on average 18% less sorgoleone‐358 compared with medium‐ and late‐maturing cultivars. These results suggest that sorgoleone production may be genetically constitutive because sorghum growing conditions were identical across cultivars.
Combination with portosystemic shunt occlusion and antiviral therapy improves prognosis of decompensated cirrhosis
Authors: Tamai Hideyuki , Minamiguchi Hiroki , Ida Yoshiyuki , Shingaki Naoki , Muroki Tokuro , Maeshima Shuya , Shimizu Ryo , Okamura Junpei , Koyama Takao , Nakao Taisei , Sonomura Tetsuo 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackground and AimPortosystemic shunt occlusion using endovascular treatment can transiently improve liver function in patients with decompensated cirrhosis. In recent years, viral hepatitis can be easily controlled. The present study aimed to clarify the safety and efficacy of endovascular treatment in decompensated cirrhotic patients, and to elucidate whether viral treatment improves the prognosis after shunt occlusion.MethodsAmong 98 cirrhotic patients who received portosystemic shunt occlusion from January 2007 to June 2016, we retrospectively analyzed 61 decompensated cirrhotic patients.ResultsForty‐five patients had viral hepatitis. Recovery rates of liver function to Child A within 6 months in viral hepatitis, non‐viral hepatitis, and overall were 78% (35/45), 81% (13/16), and 79% (48/61), respectively. Recovery rates according to baseline Child‐Pugh score were as follows: score 7, 88% (15/17); score 8, 89% (24/27); score 9, 69% (9/13); and score ≥ 10, 0% (0/4). Three‐year reprogression rates to decompensated cirrhosis for non‐virus, non‐sustained viral negativity (SVN), and SVN groups were 23 100, and 0%, respectively (P < 0.01). Three‐year survival rates for those were 63, 62, and 91%, respectively (P < 0.01). Eight‐year survival rate for SVN group was also 91%. Multivariate analysis revealed age, baseline ammonia level, baseline Child class, and SVN as independent contributors to survival.ConclusionsSVN in patients with viral hepatitis appears prerequisite to maintaining recovered liver function by shunt occlusion and to improving prognosis. Combination therapy with shunt occlusion and antiviral treatment should be considered as a first‐line treatment for decompensated cirrhotic patients with viral hepatitis and large portosystemic shunt growth.
PPAR gamma targeted molecular docking and synthesis of some new amide and urea substituted 1, 3, 4‐thiadiazole derivative as antidiabetic compound
Authors: Vaishnav Yogesh , Dewangan Dhansay , Verma Shekhar , Mishra Achal , Thakur Alok Singh , Kashyap Pranita , Verma Santosh Kumar 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe PPAR‐γ agonist enhances the insulin sensitivity and avoids the disorganized hyperglycemic by promoting the insulin guided cellular uptake of blood glucose. Therefore, in the present work PPAR‐γ has chosen as the target for the molecular docking study to design an effective agonist of the same. By this research work an effort has been made to prepare amide and urea series of 1, 3, 4‐thiadiazole derivatives as 4‐substituted‐N‐(5‐(4‐(1‐piperidino)1‐piperidinyl)‐1,3,4‐(2‐thiadiazolyl)benzamide (4a‐f) and 1‐(4‐substitutedphenyl)‐3‐(5‐(4‐(1‐piperidino)1‐piperidinyl)‐1,3,4‐(2‐thiadiazolyl)urea (6a‐f). Both the docking score as well as the pharmacological animal study data has been suggested that the electron donating group containing compound 4f and 6f are most potent molecules for the antidiabetic activity close to the standard drug pioglitazone. It was further observed that the unsubstituted aromatic ring containing derivatives have also considerable effect (4a and 6a) than the electron withdrawing containing derivatives. After the comparison of biological data for amide and urea series, it was concluded that the urea (6a‐f) series is more effective than the amide series.
Paeonol ameliorates murine alcohol liver disease via mycobiota-mediated Dectin-1/IL-1β signaling pathway
Authors: Wu Jiadi , Wu Daqiang , Ma Kelong , Wang Tianming , Shi Gaoxiang , Shao Jing , Wang Changzhong , Yan Guiming 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is caused by long-term consumption of alcohol and has become an important social and medical problem. Intestinal fungal flora (mycobiota) play an important role in ALD, so we used the mycobiota as an entry point to explore the mechanism of action of Paeonol against ALD. Here, we found that Paeonol is effective against ALD inflammatory lesions and relieves liver fat lesions. Furthermore, we found that after the treatment of Paeonol, the fungal dysbiosis is improved, and the fungal abundance is reduced, and the translocation of β-glucan to the liver and its mediated Dectin-1/IL-1β signaling pathway is blocked. Our study shows that paeonol ameliorated acute ALD-related inflammatory injury to the liver by alleviating intestinal fungal dysbiosis and inhibiting the mycobiota-mediated Dectin-1/IL-1β signaling pathway.
Direct‐acting antiviral agents in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C—Real‐life experience from clinical practices in Pakistan
Authors: Mushtaq Saima , Mansoor Atika , Umar Muhammad , Khan Amjad , Siddiqi Saima , Manzoor Sobia 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis study aims to evaluate the clinical effectiveness in terms of sustained virological response (SVR), predictors of SVR and safety of available second‐generation generic direct‐acting antivirals in Pakistani chronic hepatitis C patients. This is a retrospective study conducted in multiple centers of Pakistan from January 2015 to January 2019. The samples include patients infected with chronic hepatitis C virus, regardless of virus genotype, cirrhosis, or prior treatment. A total of 993 patients were included in the present study, with the majority receiving sofosbuvir with daclatasvir (95%), sofosbuvir with daclatasvir and ribavirin (4%), and sofosbuvir with ribavirin (1%). There were 96% cases of chronic hepatitis, 3% cases compensated cirrhosis, and 1% cases of decompensated cirrhosis. Genotype 3 (99.6%) was the most common genotype. Overall SVR after 12 weeks was 98% for all treatment regimens. High SVR12 was observed with sofosbuvir in combination with daclatasvir (98.5%), then sofosbuvir in combination with daclatasvir and ribavirin (90.2%) and sofosbuvir in combination with ribavirin (75%). SVR rates were high in chronic hepatitis C patients (98.2%) as compared with cirrhotic patients (92.1%) and it was high in treatment‐naive (98.8%) then interferon experienced patients (90.1%). In multivariate binary logistic regression analysis, patients’ education status, treatment strategy, viral load, and alanine aminotransferase had a statistically significant association with SVR at 12 weeks. No major adverse events occurred which required treatment discontinuation. Generic oral direct acting antiviralss (sofosbuvir with daclatasvir) achieved higher SVR12 rates and were well tolerated in this large real‐world cohort of genotype 3 infected patients.
Biological and structural effects after intraosseous infiltrations of age‐dependent platelet‐rich plasma: An in vivo study
Authors: Delgado Diego , Garate Ane , Sánchez Pello , Bilbao Ane Miren , García del Caño Gontzal , Salles Joan , Sánchez Mikel 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPlatelet‐rich plasma (PRP) is an increasingly widespread treatment for joint pathologies. Its characteristics and administration route are variables that may influence the clinical outcome. The aim of this in vivo study was to analyze in aged rats the biological and structure effects of intraosseous infiltrations of two different types of PRP obtained from young and old donors. During 6 months intraosseous infiltrations were performed and 4 days after the last infiltration, animals were sacrificed, and bones were extracted for micro‐computed tomography (micro‐CT) and histological analysis. Molecular composition of the PRP of aged donors presented higher levels of proinflammatory molecules. The histological studies showed a greater cellularity of bone marrow in groups treated with PRP. Concerning micro‐CT analysis, young PRP showed a better femoral bone structure according to values of percentage of trabecular bone, trabecular space, trabecular density, and subchondral bone plate volume. In summary, this study has demonstrated that intraosseous infiltrations of PRP from young donors prevent from age‐related bone degeneration. This treatment could stimulate the biological processes that maintain homeostasis and bone structure and avoid osteoarticular pathologies.
Digitalization and the inception of concentric strategic alliances: A case study in the retailing sector
Authors: Galera‐Zarco Carlos , Opazo‐Basáez Marco , Marić Josip , García‐Feijoo Maria 
Published: March 2020

AbstractFirms in multiple sectors are incorporating information technology (IT) partners to gain digital capabilities, improve their operations, and offer new value propositions. The deployment of digitalization in well‐established firms from traditional sectors enables the creation of specific strategic alliances (concentric) with IT providers. However, establishing these particular strategic alliances with an IT provider raises tensions and reconsiderations both at the internal level and within the alliance as a consequence of the profound organizational challenges that both digitalization and a strategic alliance imply. This study analyzes how digitalization influences the emergence of these new strategic alliances, highlighting the process and key factors that have contributed to its success at our unit of study in the retailing sector.
Frameworks for innovation, collaboration, and change: Value creation wheel, design thinking, creative problem‐solving, and lean
Authors: Lages Luis F. , Ricard Antonin , Hemonnet‐Goujot Aurélie , Guerin Anne‐Marie 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe value creation wheel (VCW) is the decision‐making meta‐framework recommended to address innovation, collaboration, and change challenges in formal relationships. The VCW can integrate, complement, or be joined with other frameworks, tools, and theories to address the challenges of formal relationships. The VCW's ability to incorporate intra‐ and interorganizational insights emerging from internal and external stakeholders is especially useful in solving the challenges of collaborative arrangements. VCW solutions are often more realistic than Design Thinking, Creative Problem‐Solving, and Lean because they accommodate the views of various stakeholders about ideas and filters, and because key decision makers must be involved in the main stages of the decision‐making process.
Enantiomeric analysis of simendan on polysaccharide‐based stationary phases by polar organic solvent chromatography
Authors: Cheng Lingping , Cai Jianfeng , Fu Qing , Ke Yanxiong 
Published: March 2020

AbstractHerein, the enantiomeric separation of simendan by high‐performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection using polysaccharide‐based chiral stationary phases in polar organic mode is described. Three chiral columns (Chiralpak AD‐H, Chiralcel OD‐H, and Chiralpak AS) were screened using pure methanol and acetonitrile without additives under isocratic conditions. A reversed elution order was observed on the Chiralpak AD‐H column when the methanol content in the mobile phase (methanol–acetonitrile mixtures) was above 10%, whereby levosimendan eluted prior to dextrosimendan. Further, it was found that increasing temperature effectively improved the enantioresolution on the Chiralpak AD‐H column. Van't Hoff analysis was performed to evaluate the contribution of enthalpy and entropy to the chiral discrimination process. The best enantioseparation (α = 3.00, Rs = 12.85) was obtained on the Chiralpak AD‐H column with methanol as the mobile phase at 40°C. Thus, a quantitative method for the resolution of dextrosimendan was established and validated, which could be used as a reference for the determination of dextrosimendan in levosimendan products.
Synthesis of Glutamic Acid Derived Organogels and their Applications in Dye Removal from Aqueous Medium
Authors: Sar Pintu , Roy Saswati Ghosh , De Priyadarsi , Ghosh Sipra 
Published: March 2020

AbstractTo develop glutamic acid derived cross‐linked polymeric organogels for dye adsorption from aqueous media, dimethyl 2‐(methacrylamido)pentanedioate (Glu‐MAC) is polymerized using diethylene glycol dimethacrylate as cross‐linker via the reversible addition‐fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) technique to synthesize cross‐linked polymeric organogels with pendant glutamate moieties. The mechanical properties of organogels are examined by rheological study. The organogels exhibit higher value of storage modulus (G′) than the loss modulus (G′′) within the linearity limits of deformation, and strong dependence of G′ values on the extent of cross‐linking in the gel matrix. Field emission scanning electron microscopy shows porous structure of the gel matrix, therefore, organogels are able to exhibit swelling behaviors in organic solvents such as dichloromethane, N,N‐dimethylformamide, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, and methanol. Dye adsorption properties of these organogels are investigated using different aqueous dye solutions, such as crystal violet (CV), malachite green (MG), rhodamine‐B, and uranine. The gels show high dye adsorption capacities (≥97%) toward cationic dyes like CV and MG.