bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and internal validation of prediction models for persistence of self-reported orofacial pain in the follow-up of patients with myofascial pain
Authors: Su Naichuan , Lobbezoo Frank , van Selms Maurits K. A. , van der Heijden Geert J. M. G. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Objectives
To identify predictors in patient profiles, and to develop, internally validate, and calibrate prediction models for the persistence of self-reported orofacial pain at the 6-month and 12-month follow-up in patients with myofascial pain.

Materials and methods
A cohort of 63 adult patients with moderate to severe chronic myofascial pain was included. Patient and disease characteristics at baseline were recorded as potential predictors. Patients` presence or absence of improvement of orofacial pain at follow-up was considered the outcome. Binary logistic regression analyses were used to develop the models. The performance and clinical values of the models were determined.

Results
Forty-three percent and 30% of the patients had persistence of orofacial pain at 6-month and 12-month follow-up, respectively. Pain elsewhere, depression, parafunctional activities, and mandibular function impairment (MFI) were significantly associated with persistence of the pain at 6-month follow-up, whereas depression, parafunctional activities, and MFI were significantly associated with persistence of the pain at 12-month follow-up. Both of the models showed good calibration and discrimination, with shrunken area under the curve (AUC) values of 0.73 and 0.76, respectively. The clinical added predictive values for ruling in the risk of the persistence were 0.30 and 0.31, respectively, and those for ruling it out were 0.25 and 0.20, respectively.

Conclusions
Potential predictors for prediction of the persistence of self-reported orofacial pain at follow-up were identified. The calibration, discrimination, and clinical values of the models were acceptable.

Clinical relevance
The models may assist clinicians in decision-making regarding the improvement of orofacial pain of individual patients during follow-up in clinical settings.
Estimates of wind power and radiative near-inertial internal wave flux
Authors: Voelker Georg S. , Olbers Dirk , Walter Maren , Mertens Christian , Myers Paul G. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractEnergy transfer mechanisms between the atmosphere and the deep ocean have been studied for many years. Their importance to the ocean’s energy balance and possible implications on mixing are widely accepted. The slab model by Pollard (Deep-Sea Res Oceanogr Abstr 17(4):795–812, 1970) is a well-established simulation of near-inertial motion and energy inferred through wind-ocean interaction. Such a model is set up with hourly wind forcing from the NCEP-CFSR reanalysis that allows computations up to high latitudes without loss of resonance. Augmenting the one-dimensional model with the horizontal divergence of the near-inertial current field leads to direct estimates of energy transfer spectra of internal wave radiation from the mixed layer base into the ocean interior. Calculations using this hybrid model are carried out for the North Atlantic during the years 1989 and 1996, which are associated with positive and negative North Atlantic Oscillation index, respectively. Results indicate a range of meridional regimes with distinct energy transfer ratios. These are interpreted in terms of the mixed layer depth, the buoyancy frequency at the mixed layer base, and the wind field structure. The average ratio of radiated energy fluxes from the mixed layer to near-inertial wind power for both years is approximately 12%. The dependence on the wind structure is supported by simulations of idealized wind stress fronts with variable width and translation speeds.
A component-level methodology to evaluate the seismic repair costs of infills and services for Italian RC buildings
Authors: De Risi Maria Teresa , Del Gaudio Carlo , Verderame Gerardo Mario 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe reliable estimation of seismic losses due to damage to buildings is paramount for the post-emergency management and the planning of recovery activities. For residential reinforced concrete (RC) infilled buildings, a significant role in the computation of seismic loss is played by non-structural components, above all infills, partitions and services, as shown in past earthquakes. In this work, a component-based methodology is proposed to assess seismic losses for residential RC buildings in Mediterranean region. The attention is focused on the repairing activities for masonry infills (typical enclosure or partitions elements in Italian and Mediterranean RC buildings), and for services (plumbing systems, electric equipment, floor/wall tiles…), commonly enclosed within the infill panels for the considered building typology. The described methodology can be used starting from the expected damage level to infills and partitions. It adopts given repair unit costs at different damage states of infills. The loss estimation methodology has been, first, validated by comparing predicted and actual repair costs for specific case-study buildings damaged by L’Aquila (Italy) 2009 earthquake. Then, the methodology has been applied to a wide dataset of RC buildings (about 2500 residential buildings) damaged by L’Aquila earthquake available from the literature, to show its possible application at a large-scale level. A good agreement between observed and predicted costs is obtained both for specific case-study buildings and for the wider building stock, especially when damage to structural components is very limited.
Psychological Analysis of Religious Experience: The Construction of the Intensity of Religious Experience Scale (IRES)
Authors: Głaz Stanisław 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe aim of this article is to present the issues of religious experience, and the associated experience of God’s presence and God’s absence, and then its operationalization, as well as to construct the Intensity of Religious Experience Scale, IRES (Skala Intensywności Doświadczenia Religijnego, SIDR). The value of psychometric tool, the reliability and validity, were assessed. The study was conducted in three steps. Study 1 concerned the generalization of statements related to conception of Catholic religious experience; i.e., the subjective feeling whether one experiences God’s presence and God’s absence, and how such beliefs affect certain aspects of a person’s life. Study 2 was carried out on the sample of 217 people and was designed to perform Exploratory Factor Analysis and to assess three-week test–retest reliability of the IRES. Study 3 was based on the sample of 368 people and was aimed to perform Confirmatory Factor Analysis and concurrent validation of the IRES. The analysis of the religious experience showed that this kind of human experience has its own structure. The explication of the subject has confirmed the existence of two positive factors of religious experience; i.e., a subjective sense of experience of God’s presence and God’s absence that can influence on life of people living in the Catholic religion environment.
Machine learning, artificial neural networks and social research
Authors: Di Franco Giovanni , Santurro Michele 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMachine learning (ML), and particularly algorithms based on artificial neural networks (ANNs), constitute a field of research lying at the intersection of different disciplines such as mathematics, statistics, computer science and neuroscience. This approach is characterized by the use of algorithms to extract knowledge from large and heterogeneous data sets. In addition to offering a brief introduction to ANN algorithms-based ML, in this paper we will focus our attention on its possible applications in the social sciences and, in particular, on its potential in the data analysis procedures. In this regard, we will provide three examples of applications on sociological data to assess the impact of ML in the study of relationships between variables. Finally, we will compare the potential of ML with traditional data analysis models.
European disaster management in response to the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Wankmüller Christian 
Published: September 2020

AbstractTop priority of governments in containing the COVID-19 pandemic is “flattening the curve” which implies a slowing down of the virus’ spread across the entire population. The situation which European policymakers are facing at the moment is completely new and only few of them have the required experience to handle a disaster of such magnitude. What is important now is to avoid problems that repeatedly occurred in past disaster responses by learning the lessons and acting accordingly. This paper reflects on European disaster management in containing the spread of COVID-19 and uncovers response inefficiencies that are still present.
Evaluation of Cynara cardunculus L. and municipal solid waste compost for aided phytoremediation of multi potentially toxic element–contaminated soils
Authors: Garau Matteo , Castaldi Paola , Patteri Giacomo , Roggero Pier Paolo , Garau Giovanni 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe suitability for aided phytoremediation ofCynara cardunculusL. var.altilisand municipal solid waste compost (MSWC) applied at 2% and 4 % rates was evaluated in a multi potentially toxic element (PTE)-contaminated mining soil (Pb ~ 15,383 mg kg−1, Zn ~ 4076 mg kg−1, As ~ 49 mg kg−1, Cd ~ 67 mg kg−1, Cu ~ 181 mg kg−1, and Sb ~ 109 mg kg−1). The growth ofC. cardunculussignificantly increased with compost amendment and followed the order: MSWC-4% > MSWC-2% > Control. PTE concentrations in the roots of plants grown on amended soils decreased compared with control plants (i.e., less than ~ 82, 94, and 88% for Pb, Zn, and Cd respectively). PTE translocation from roots to shoots depended on both PTE and amendment rate but values were generally low (i.e., < 1). However, PTE mineralomasses were always higher for plants grown on MSWC-amended soils because of their higher biomass production, which favored an overall PTE bioaccumulation in roots and shoots. After plant growth, labile As and Sb increased in amended soils, while labile Pb, Zn, Cu, and Cd significantly decreased. Likewise, dehydrogenase and urease activities increased significantly in planted soils amended with MSWC. Also, the potential metabolic activity and the catabolic versatility of soil microbial communities significantly increased in planted soils amended with MSWC. Overall, our results indicate thatC. cardunculusand MSWC can be effective resources for the aided phytoremediation of multi PTE-contaminated soils.
Prosthetic replacement of the radial head
Authors: Wegmann Kilian , Ott Nadine , Leschinger Tim F. , Harbrecht Andreas , Müller Lars P. , Hackl Michael 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
Radial head replacement is an established option in patients with comminuted radial head fractures and complex elbow trauma. While studies demonstrated that asymptomatic radiolucencies around the stem are common, the incidence and clinical significance of bone loss at the proximal part of the radius, just distal to the neck of the prosthesis (collar resorption), is unknown.

Objectives
The aim of this retrospective study was to analyse the incidence of collar resorption after radial head replacement and investigate whether this correlates with specific patient characteristics such as gender, age, indication for index surgery and the size of implant used.

Materials and methods
The study group consisted of 30 patients (average age 60.1 years) having undergone prosthetic replacement with a monopolar press-fit implant of the radial head at an average follow-up of 23 months. Indications for surgery included trauma sequelae or revision in 16 patients and acute, unreconstructable fractures of the radial head in 14 cases. Symptoms of loosening and revision surgery were recorded. Radiographs were analysed for signs of lucency between the bone and the implant as well as for signs of resorption of bone mass around the neck (section 1). These values were correlated with age, gender, indication for index surgery and size of implant.

Results
In all, 28/30 (93.3%) prostheses showed proximal osteolysis around the neck of the shaft. Of the 30, one prosthesis presented signs of shaft loosening. The average amount of osteolysis was 8.78% (range 0–26.1%; ±6.0%) of the overall length of the prosthetic shaft (OL). There was no significant difference (p = 0.49) between the amount of resorption in section 1 between the primary fracture cases (8.75 ± 4.5%; range 1.2–15.8%) and the group of secondary implantations due to degeneration or fracture sequelae (8.8 ± 7.2%; range 0–26.1%). Furthermore, the analysis did not reveal any statistically relevant correlations between the amount of neck resorption and the other cohort characteristics (age, gender, size of the components).

Conclusions
In the study cohort, a high amount of osteolysis/bone resorption was assessed around the neck of the press-fit radial head prosthesis used. However, no significant correlation between collar resorption, patient demographics and indication for index surgery was found at short-term follow-up.
Learning Outcomes of Diverse Oncology Professionals After the TEAM Cultural Competency Training
Authors: Pratt-Chapman Mandi L. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractRacial, ethnic, sexual, and gender minorities are more likely to report challenges with oncology provider communication and quality of care. The Together-Equitable-Accessible-Meaningful (TEAM) training was developed to improve health equity across cancer care organizations by guiding teams of interprofessional learners through planning and implementation of quality improvements to advance equitable, accessible, and patient-centered cancer care. This study compared changes to self-reported cultural competence as measured by the Cultural Competency Assessment (CCA); Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Development of Clinical Skills Scale (LGBT-DOCSS); and Interprofessional Socialization and Valuing Scale (ISVS). The primary aim of the study was to assess changes to self-reported cultural competence; the secondary aim was to examine changes to interprofessional valuation from baseline to post-intervention. Results indicated statistically significant improvements in self-reported Cultural Competency Behaviors (p = .055), a subscale of the CCA, and Attitudinal Awareness toward sexual and gender minorities (p = .046), a subscale of the LGBT-DOCSS, using p < .10 as statistically significant. These subscale results drove statistically significant improvements for their respective composite scales. No other statistically significant results were found. This study suggests that cultural competency training among interprofessional oncology health care professionals can be effective. Given the growing diversity within the USA, additional opportunities for cultural competency training are needed.
Adsorption of Bisphenol A from Aqueous Solution by HDTMA-Tunisian Clay Synthesized Under Microwave Irradiation: A Parametric and Thermodynamic Study
Authors: Issaoui Oumaya , Amor Hedi Ben , Ismail Mohamed , Pirault-Roy Laurence , Jeday Mohamed Razak 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine disrupting compound, is of concern because of its wide presence throughout the environment and its harmful effects. The present study aimed to prepare an eco-friendly, low-cost, and efficient adsorbent for removal of BPA from wastewater. A natural Tunisian clay was used as a raw material. First, the clay was purified and then modified with hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (HDTMA) using microwave heating. The optimal conditions for clay modification were as follows: activation ratio = 0.3:(g/g), solid/liquid ratio = 5%, and microwave heating condition (2:min, 100:W). The purified and modified clays, abbreviated as HP and HMH, respectively, were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and nitrogen adsorption/desorption analysis (BET). Adsorption tests were conducted in a batch reactor process under various conditions. The tests showed that the BET specific surface area of HMH is considerably smaller than that of HP, whereas the basal spacing increased from 14.99 to 22.07 Å after modification, indicating the success of HP organophilization. The adsorption of BPA onto HMH was not affected by the pH of solution between 2 and 10 and only slightly by temperature variation from 23 to 50°C, but was affected significantly by the initial concentration of BPA, contact time, and organo-clay dose. At equilibrium, the data obtained were fitted to Langmuir and Freundlich models. The best fit was obtained by the Langmuir model with a maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of 217.39 mg/g at 23°C. The thermodynamic study suggested that the removal of BPA by HMH was spontaneous (ΔG < 0), exothermic (ΔH < 0), and favorable. The present study demonstrated that HMH synthesized from an abundant and cheap natural clay could be used successfully as a low-cost adsorbent for the removal of BPA from wastewater.
Osteopontin Regulates Endometrial Stromal Cell Migration in Endometriosis through the PI3K Pathway
Authors: Fu Xiaoxia , Yao Mengyun , Ye Chaoshuang , Fang Tao , Wu Ruijin 
Published: September 2020

AbstractEndometriosis is generally characterized as a tumor-like disease because of its potential for distant metastasis and local tissue invasion, while whether osteopontin (OPN) plays a role in the pathogenesis of endometriosis has not been thoroughly investigated. We investigated the expression of OPN, urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA), phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K), and phospho-PI3 kinase (p-PI3K) in endometrial stromal cells (ESCs). The serum concentration of OPN was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). OPN was downregulated to explore the corresponding change of uPA, p-PI3K, F-actin, and α-tubulin. The expression of OPN, uPA, PI3K, and p-PI3K was evaluated by western blot and quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) and the expression of F-actin and α-tubulin was confirmed by immunofluorescence assay. The proliferation and migration abilities of ESCs were investigated by CCK8, transwell, and wound scratch assays. Endometrial OPN, p-PI3K, and uPA expressions and serum OPN levels were increased in patients with endometriosis compared with the control. The expressions of p-PI3K, uPA, and α-tubulin were decreased by siRNA-OPN interference in ectopic ESCs. Activation and inhibition of the PI3K pathway apparently upregulate and downregulate uPA expression. Knockdown of OPN and inhibition of the PI3K pathway remarkably inhibited cell migration in ectopic ESCs. Meanwhile, activation of the PI3K pathway promoted the migration ability of ectopic ESCs. OPN may regulate the expression of uPA through the PI3K signal pathway to affect the migration ability of ESCs, indicating that OPN, uPA, and the PI3K pathway may be potential targets for interrupting development of endometriosis.
COVID-19 Preparedness Among Emergency Departments: A Cross-Sectional Study in France
Authors: Casalino Enrique , Bouzid Donia , Ben Hammouda Arsalene , Wargon Mathias , Curac Sonja , Hellmann Romain , Choquet Christophe , Ghazali Daniel Aiham 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACTObjectives:The aim of this study was to evaluate hospital and emergency department (ED) preparedness in France facing the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) rapid growth epidemic-phase, and to determine the link between preparedness and responsiveness.Methods:In this cross-sectional study, from March 7 to March 11, 2020, all heads of ED departments in France were contacted to answer an electronic survey, including 23 questions. Quality, Organization, Training, Resources, Management, Interoperability, and Responsiveness were evaluated by calculating scores (10 points). Multivariate analysis of variance was used to compare scores. Spearman’s correlation coefficient and multifaceted regression analysis were performed between Responsiveness and dimensions scores.Results:A total of 287 of 636 French EDs were included (45.1%). Calculated scores showed (median): Quality 5.38; Organization 6.4; Training 4.6; Resources 4.13; Management 2.38; Interoperability 4.0; Responsiveness 6.25; seasonal influenza score was 5. Significant differences between scores as a function of hospital and ED main characteristics were found. Furthermore, we found significant correlations (P< 0.01) between Responsiveness and all preparedness dimensions. Organization (adjusted-R20.2897), Management (aR20.321), and Interoperability (aR20.422) were significantly associated with Responsiveness.Conclusions:Preparedness in all its dimensions is low, indicating vulnerability. Preparedness and responsiveness face a certain and ongoing risk are close linked, and that Organizational, Management, and Interoperability dimensions are main determinants.
COVID-19: Second Wave or Multiple Peaks, Natural Herd Immunity or Vaccine – We Should be Prepared
Authors: Moghnieh Rima , Abdallah Dania , Bizri Abdul Rahman 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACTBetween December 31, 2019, and August 30, 2020 (date of this article), the novel coronavirus and its corresponding infection, coronavirus disease (COVID-19), increased to more than 25 million cases, and 843 158 deaths have been registered. Countries around the world have been affected, albeit in different levels and intensities.Despite implementations of preventive public health measures, most countries are seriously preparing for 1 or more waves. The threat of this surge is likely to persist until herd immunity is acquired either by natural infection or through vaccination. However, given the time frame needed for herd immunity to occur and the low probability that a vaccine will be available on a global scale by the coming fall and winter seasons, contingency preparedness plans should be established and put in place for the coming days or months. These plans should help mitigate new peaks of the pandemic while relaxing the social isolation rules, patient, public health, and hospital levels.In this article, we discuss recommendations that practicing physicians and public health agencies should provide to individuals, especially those at risk of infection, to take and implement pre-emptive measures in anticipation of the potential next peak of the pandemic.
No Epistemic Norm or Aim Needed
Authors: Bergamaschi Ganapini Marianna 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMany agree that one cannot consciously form a beliefjustbecause one wants to. And many also agree this is a puzzling component of our conscious belief-forming processes. I will look at three views on how to make sense of this puzzle and show that they all fail in some way. I then offer a simpler explanation that avoids all the pitfalls of those views, which is based instead on an analysis of our conscious reasoning combined with a commonly accepted account of the concept of belief. I conclude that no epistemic norm or aim is actually needed to explain why we cannot deliberatively believe whatever we want.