bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anti-inflammatory Activity of Formononetin in a Collagen-induced Arthritis Mouse Model ofRheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Zhao Ying , QU GUIWU , Lu Wenxue , Lv Qing , Shi Wenxing , Xie Shuyang , Cao Qizhi , Li Defang , Zhou Fengmei 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the joints, leading to bone erosion and joint dysfunction. Although there are options for the treatment of RA, safer and more effective drugs are still being sought. Formononetin (FMN) is an isoflavonoid compound found in various plants, such as Astragalus propinquus Schischkin and Spatholobus suberectus. It has anti-tumor, anti-bacterial, anti-lipid peroxidation, and estrogen-like activities，and is a noteworthy compound for screening of anti-RA drugs. Methods: To investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of FMN in a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mouse model, thirty-six C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into 6 groups: a healthy control group and 5 CIA groups. Arthritis was induced the CIA groups using chicken collagen type II. The CIA groups were divided in a control group (RA), a tripterygium glycosides (10 mg/kg body weight) treated group (TG), a low-dose (50 mg/kg) FMN group (FMN-L), a middle-dose(100mg/kg) FMN group (FMN-M), and a high-dose (200 mg/kg) FMN group (FMN-H). The control mice and CIA mice in the RA group were treated with an equal volume of 5% carboxymethylcellulose sodium. Drugs were delivered three times a week for four weeks, and the bodyweight, food-uptake, and swelling of the paws were monitored during the treatment process. Inflammatory cytokines and other biochemical indexes in the serum and joint tissues were analyzed, along with the expression levels of NF-κB pathway-related proteins (IκBα, p65, p-p65, TIPE2, and PCNP) in the spleen. Histopathological examinations were processed for the hind limbs. Results: FMN-M dramatically reduced the arthritis index in the CIA mice, inhibited the inflammatory cell infiltration, and prevented damage to the synovium and cartilage. Mechanistic studies suggested that FMN might reduce inflammation by inhibiting IκB-α degradation and by regulating the expression and release of NF-κB p65. Conclusions: These data suggest that FMN might be an active therapeutic agent for RA by preventing bone destruction, regulating inﬂammatory mediators, and suppressing NF-κB signaling pathways.
Phyto-mediated silver nanoparticles via Mellisa officinalis aqueous and methanolic extracts: synthesis, characterization and biological properties
Authors: Nayeri Fatemeh Dehghan , Mafakheri Sudabeh , Mirhosseini Maryam 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The aim of the study was to examine the influence of extraction method on the size, shape and morphology of synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). Silver nanoparticles were prepared by the aqueous and methanolic extracts of lemon balm. The properties of obtained nanoparticles were characterized by UV-Vis, SEM, XRD and FTIR techniques. The UV-Vis spectroscopy confirmed the formation of AgNPs by observing a distinct surface Plasmon resonance band around 450 nm. SEM images showed different shape, size and morphology of AgNPs using two different extracts types. AgNPs derived from the aqueous extract were rod-shaped with a diameter of 19 to 40 nm whereas spherical particles were synthesized by the methanolic extract found smaller with size distribution ranging from 13 to 35 nm. The XRD pattern indicated that AgNPs formed by the reduction of Ag + ions using methanolic extract of M. officinalis were crystal-like in nature. The functional groups of M. officinalis methanolic extract involved in synthesis and stabilization of AgNPs were investigated by FTIR. In addition, AgNPs-containing methanolic extract showed higher antioxidant activity. These particles exhibited remarkable antimicrobial activity against gram positive and negative bacteria and a fungus. The nanoparticles produced by the methanolic extract of the lemon balm showed antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. The production of silver nanoparticles using plant extract is rapid, low cost and eco-friendly. Therefore, green chemistry is a good alternative to industrial production of nanoparticles. Silver nanoparticles can be used as an antiseptic to sterilize the surrounding area and the hospital wastes.
Full-endoscopic lumbar discectomy for two contiguous level adolescent lumbar disc herniation
Authors: mao lu , Zhu Bin , Wu Tao xiao , Wang Feng , Zhang Cong , Zhao Jie 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background

Symptomatic lumbar disc herniation is rarely seen among adolescents. Adolescent lumbar disc herniation (ALDH) accounts for 0.5–6.8% of all those treated. Evidently, to our knowledge, no studies have emphasized the operative technique to treat two contiguous level adolescent lumbar disc herniation simultaneously. In this study, we aim to investigate the feasibility and advantages of one-stage full-endoscopic lumbar discectomy(FELD)for two contiguous level ALDH. This is the first paper, to my knowledge, dealing with two contiguous level ALDH simultaneously with one-stage full-endoscopic lumbar discectomy.
Methods

Between January 2014 and December 2019, patients received FELD surgery for lumbar disc herniation (LDH) in 2 main minimally invasive spine center of China were selected for screening of this study. Data of 5877 cases were retrospectively analyzed (2780 cases and 3097 cases, respectively). The inclusion criteria were patient under 21-year old, two contiguous level symptomatic lumbar disc herniation received one-stage 2 level PELD surgery. Visual analog scale (VAS) scores and modified Macnab criteria were used to assess the preoperative and postoperative clinical results.
Results

11 patients were enrolled in this study (0.19%,11/5877), 8 patients were male and 3 were female. 9 patients with LDH in the same side underwent single-incision 2 level FELD surgery via transforaminal approach. 2 patients with LDH in different side underwent FELD surgery via combined transforaminal and interlaminar approach. There were no immediate perioperative complications. The visual analog scale (VAS) decreased significantly in both early and late follow-up evaluations and these score demonstrated significant improvement in late follow-up (P < 0.01). For the modified MacNab criteria, the final outcome results were excellent in 9 patients (81.8%), good in 1 patients (0.9%), fair in1 patients (0.9%), and the overall success rate was 90.9%.
Conclusion

One-stage full-endoscopic lumbar discectomy for 2 level symptomatic ALDH is an effective and less invasive method, which can be considered as an alternative good technique for selected adolescent patients.
Functional characterization of mungbean CONSTANS-LIKE genes reveals a key role for CONSTANS-LIKE 2 in the control of flowering time under short-day conditions
Authors: Liu Chenyang , Zhang Qianqian , Zhu Hong , Cai Chunmei , Li Shuai 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background

CONSTANS-LIKE (COL) genes play important roles in the regulation of plant growth and development, and they have been analyzed in many plant species. However, few investigations have examined COL genes in mungbean (Vigna radiata).
Results

In this study, we identified and characterized a total 14 of VrCOL genes from mungbean, which distributed on 7 of the 11 mungbean chromosomes. Based on their conserved domains, VrCOLs were clustered into three groups (I, II and III), which contained 4, 5 and 5 members, respectively. The gene structures and conserved motifs of the VrCOL genes were analyzed, and two duplicated gene pairs, VrCOL2/VrCOL5 and VrCOL6/VrCOL9, were identified. A total of 82 cis-acting elements were found in the VrCOL promoter regions, and the numbers and types of cis-acting elements in each VrCOL promoter region differed. As a result, VrCOLs showed distinct expression patterns in different tissues. Among these VrCOL genes, VrCOL2 showed a close phylogenetic relationship with Arabidopsis thaliana (A. thaliana) CO and displayed daily oscillations in expression under short day conditions but not long day conditions. In addition, overexpression of VrCOL2 accelerated flowering in A. thaliana under short day conditions by activating the expression of flowering time gene FT and TSF.
Conclusion

Overall, we identified 14 VrCOL genes from mungbean using genome-wide identification. Characteristics and transcription pattern analysis of VrCOL genes revealed their important roles in plant growth and development, and our results suggested that VrCOL2 regulate flowering time under short day conditions. Our study lays the foundation for further dissection of VrCOL gene functions.
Relevant responses in grape cells exposed to endophytic fungi or to fungal extracts at transcriptome and metabolome scopes
Authors: Qu Jin-Zhuo , Liu Fang , Pan Xiao-Xia , Ma Yin-Min , Zhou Ming , Xiang Si-Yu , Liao Chang-Mei , Li Tong , Zhang Han-Bo , Yang Ming-Zhi 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Endophytes with beneficial effects on hosts are potentially utilized in crop managements. However, the use of living endophytes will risk the possible pathogenicity or other ecological problems. Whereby, it will be great value if functions of certain endophytes on crops could be replaced by elicitors extracted from living endophytes. For addressing this issue, the present work therefore compared the impacts of three endophytic fungal strains and their soluble extracts on grape cells at both the transcriptomic and metabolome scopes. Results: Our results revealed that the exposure to living fungi or fungal extracts triggered responses in terms of both the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and the differentially regulated metabolites (DRMs) in grape cells, with great fungal strain-specificities. Compared to the living fungi exposed grape cells, less DEGs and DRMs responses were initiated in most of the corresponding fungal extracts treated grape cells. Nevertheless, major proportions of specific DEGs, DRMs, and the subsequently enriched GO function terms and KEGG pathways in living fungi treated grape cells were also detected in those fungal extracts exposed grape cells. Conclusions: The work demonstrated that the specific effects of certain living endophytic fungus on grape cells could be replaced or partially replaced by their fungal extracts, and confirmed an alternative approach to utilize endophytes in agriculture with more eco-safety promises.
Development and Psychometric Assessment of Triage Nurses' Professional Capability Questionnaire in Emergency Department
Authors: Torabizadeh Camellia , Bijani Mostafa , Rakhshan Mahnaz , Fararouei Mohammad 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Evaluation of triage nurses' professional capability is integral to identifying areas of professional development and nurses' educational needs, thus the need for valid instruments for assessment of professional capability. The present study aims to develop and measure the reliability and validity of a triage nurses' professional capability questionnaire. Methods: The present study is an exploratory work of research conducted in two stages: in the first stage (the qualitative phase), through conventional content analysis, the concept of professional capability in triage nurses was defined and the items of the questionnaire were developed. In the second stage (the quantitative phase), the psychometric properties of the questionnaire were assessed through analyses of its face validity, content validity, construct validity, internal homogeneity, and consistency. Results: The primary item pool contained 90 items while the final scale consisted of 35 items. The S-CVI/Ave of the questionnaire was found to be 0.96. An exploratory factor analysis showed the factor loading of the items to be between 0.478 and 0.897, all of which values were significant, and the three dimensions introduced in the main instrument were verified with acceptable values. The overall interclass correlation of the instrument was found to be 0.90. The reliability of the instrument was assessed in terms of its internal homogeneity where the Cronbach's alpha of the entire instrument was found to be 0.89. Conclusions: The results show that the questionnaire developed for assessment of triage nurses' professional capability is sufficiently reliable and valid and can be employed by nurse administrators toward evaluation of triage nurses' professional capability.
Bridging the gap between evidence and practice in asthma management by developing a mobile-based clinical decision support system for GINA asthma guideline
Authors: Gholamzadeh Marsa , Abtahi Hamidreza , Amini Shahideh , Gharabaghi Mehrnaz Asadi 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Physicians’ compliance with clinical practice guidelines (CPG) remains insufficient. Guideline-based clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) can be beneficial to address this challenge. The principal objective of this research is to translate the Global Initiative for Asthma guideline (GINA) into a mobile-based CDSS to improve its utilization as a clinical decision-making tool.Methods Designing and development of our expert system were conducted in an iterative and stepwise approach by the multidisciplinary expert team. Translating and extracting the embedded knowledge in GINA was done according to the Knowledge to Action framework. Next, extracted knowledge was converted to decision tree models to design the knowledge-base of the desired system. The accuracy and proficiency of the expert system were calculated based on the predefined scenarios. The expert system usability was evaluated by the think-aloud protocol and the GUIDES questionnaire.Results Based on the analysis of the GINA guideline, more than 220 rules and 336 knowledge statements were extracted. Our knowledge-based expert system was devised based on production rules. After modification with feedback from six experts, the system was developed in the Android platform. The overall accuracy and efficiency of our CDSS were 100% and 100%, respectively.Conclusion The ginasthma mobile-based CDSS was developed for android smartphones to improve the adherence of health care providers to GINA guideline with high accuracy and efficiency. Further investigation is needed to evaluate the efficacy of this app in real practice.
Prevalence and determinants of dental caries experience among adolescents in Kazakhstan: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Zhumadilova Anara , Supiyev Turgan , Abralina Sholpan , Yeslyamgaliyeva Ardak , Kulmirzayeva Aizhan , Supiyev Adil 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background The information on dental caries experience and its determinants in Central Asia is limited. The aim of the present study was to provide estimates of the mean levels, prevalence and severity of dental caries, and to identify the factors associated with these characteristics in the population of school-aged children from four regions in Kazakhstan.Methods We examined 2149 schoolchildren aged 11–15 years from 4 regions of Kazakhstan. The overall response rate was 68%. Dental caries experience was assessed clinically, and standardized questionnaire was used to gather sociodemographic and oral health behavior information. Caries experience was measured by using DMFT (decayed, missing, and filled teeth) index. Negative binomial hurdle regression model was used to assess the relationship between the caries experience and covariates.Results The overall prevalence of dental caries was 74%, obvious decayed teeth was found in 44% of subjects, while only 6% had missing teeth and 24% had their teeth treated. The mean DMFT index was 2.48 among 12-year-olds and 3.9 among 15-year-olds. There were large differences of dental caries experience between the regions, with all indicators (decayed, missed and filled teeth) being less favourable in Semey region. The caries prevalence experience in the studied population was associated with higher age, geographic region, ethnicity, mother’s education, material deprivation, frequent consumption of sugar-added drinks, age of start brushing the teeth and dental attendance pattern. Age, region, ethnicity, dietary habits and dental attendance pattern were found to be significantly associated with the predicted degree of caries experience among those with caries experience.Conclusions The high prevalence of dental caries and large differences in caries indices between the regions in Kazakhstan might be related to rapid westernization in the Central Asian region and associated nutrition transition. Also, the increasing burden of untreated caries in less advantaged populations was observed. Parent education and material deprivation may be a very important determinants of the oral health among adolescents in Kazakhstan.
Detection of a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, China, 2020
Authors: Feng Huahua , Wu Honglong , Wang Huagui , Yuan Jianying , Chen Lu , Jin Hui , Yang Lingling , Zhao Jinyin , Liu Licheng , Chen Weijun 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: During the outbreak of unexplained pneumonia in the city of Wuhan in the late December, 2019, a novel coronavirus named SARS-CoV-2 was identified as the cause of this outbreak.Methods: A real-time polymerase chain reaction, which targets the orf1ab gene of viral genome, was established to detect and identify the SARS-CoV-2. We used this assay to screen 309 samples from persons with suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection in Wuhan. Then 6 close-phylogenic coronaviruses and 7 viruses which could cause pneumonia were detected. Moreover, 57 clinical samples infected with other viruses and 77 healthy samples were also tested.Results: The limit of detection of the assay was 6.25 copies per reaction in the detection of cRNA transcribed in vitro. The results of detection of throat and fecal swabs from persons with suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection showed throat swabs were more sensitive than fecal swabs during the first 15 days after onset of symptoms (throat: 56.80%, fecal: 30.43%), while the situation was reversed after 15 days (throat: 20.83%, fecal: 27.58%). And matched pair tests suggested the sputum samples had higher virus loads than throat swabs in the patients (P < 0.05). There was no cross-reaction when we detected the inactive culture of six other coronaviruses (human coronavirus 229E, NL63, OC43, HKU1, SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV) and seven other viruses (influenza virus A H1N1, influenza virus A H3N2, influenza virus B, parainfluenza viruses 1, 2, and 3; and respiratory syncytial virus). Besides, 27 BALF samples from pneumonia patients infected with human coronavirus 229E, OC43, HKU1 or human adenovirus 7, 30 throat swabs from patients infected with H1N1 and 77 throat swabs from healthy people tested negative by this assay.Conclusions: The results indicated that the assay specifically and sensitively detected the SARS-CoV-2.
Dynamic Changes of Chest CT Follow-up In Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) Pneumonia: Relationship To Clinical Typing
Authors: Liu Nian , He Guanghong , Yang Xiongxiong , Chen Jianxin , Wu Jie , Ma Min , Lu Wenying , Li Qiang , Cheng Tao , Huang Xiaohua 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
To investigate the CT changes of different clinical types of COVID-19 pneumonia.
Methods
This retrospective study included 50 patients with COVID-19 from 16 January 2020 to 25 February 2020. We analyzed the clinical characteristics, CT characteristics and the pneumonia involvement of the patients between the moderate group and the severe and critical group, and the dynamic changes of severity with the CT follow-up time.
Results
There were differences in the CT severity score of the right lung in the initial CT, and total CT severity score in the initial and follow-up CT between the moderate group and the severe and critical group (all p < 0.05). There was a quadratic relationship between total CT severity score and CT follow-up time in the severe and critical group (r2 = 0.137, p = 0.008), the total CT severity score peaked at the second follow-up CT. There was no correlation between total CT severity score and CT follow-up time in the moderate group (p > 0.05). There were no differences in the occurrence rate of CT characteristics in the initial CT between the two groups (all p > 0.05). There were differences in the occurrence rate of ground-glass opacity and crazy-paving pattern in the second follow-up CT, and pleural thickening or adhesion in the third follow-up CT between the two groups (all p < 0.05).
Conclusions
The CT changes of COVID-19 pneumonia with different severity were different, and the extent of pneumonia involvement by CT can help to assess the severity of COVID-19 pneumonia rather than the initial CT characteristics.
WITHDRAWN: Environmental Temperature Influence on Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: B Banuselvasaraswathy , Rathinasabapathy Vimalathithan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is one of the emerging key technologies in 21st Century. WSN are deployed in large environment, hence the sensor node performance are prone to the effect of internal energy and external temperature. If the environmental temperature increases, it automatically influences the node's temperature, worsens lifetime of the network and Quality of Service (QoS) parameters. To eliminate this issue, Environmental Aware Thermal (EAT) routing protocol was proposed. It consists of three potential fields such as environment, QoS and energy and two threshold levels. The routing path decisions are made based on surrounding environmental temperature. A routing path where the nodes with high energy are selected. The incoming data packets are assigned with three priority levels (critical, abnormal and normal). An optimum path is selected in which the node satisfies the criteria for threshold levels and environmental temperature. The selected path ensures that the critical data packets reaches destination on time with minimum delay. The simulation was carried out for three different cases (1, 2 & 3) and from the experimental results it is inferred that proposed protocol shows improvement in delay and network lifetime of WSN.
Pain, balance and mobility in people one year after total knee arthroplasty: A pilot cross-sectional study contrasting posterior-stabilized and medial-pivot designs
Authors: Lo Cathy , Brodie Matthew , Tsang William , Lord Stephen , Yan Chun-hoi , Wong Arnold 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a common treatment for severe knee osteoarthritis. TKA designs have evolved from posterior-stabilized systems (PS-TKA) developed in the late 70 s that replicate posterior-cruciate ligament function to medial-pivot systems (MP-TKA) developed in the early 90 s that more closely mimic natural knee kinematics. This study aimed to test the hypothesis that people with MP-TKA have better postoperative outcomes than PS-TKA, and their balance control is more akin to age-matched asymptomatic controls.Methods Fifty-seven participants (20 PS-TKA, 18 MP-TKA and 19 asymptomatic controls) were recruited. At 1-year post-TKA, pain, knee stiffness and physical function were assessed using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). Static balance, mobility and gait stability were assessed using wearable devices during the near tandem stance, timed-up-and-go (TUG) and six-minute walk (6MWT) tests.Results Compared to asymptomatic controls, both TKA groups reported significantly more pain and stiffness, and demonstrated reduced functional mobility, increased stride-time-variability and impaired balance; indicating increased fall risk. After Bonferroni adjustment, no significant differences were observed between PS-TKA and MP-TKA participants. However, there was a trend for increased anteroposterior sway of the lumbar and head regions in the MP-TKA participants when undertaking the near tandem stance test.Conclusions Contrary to the hypothesis, the MP-TKA patients did not have less pain or better balance and mobility performance than the PS-TKA patients 1 year after surgery. Future longitudinal research should determine whether the two types of patients display different pain, balance controls and mobility over the first year postoperative period.