bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Arctic as a food producing region: Consumer perceptions and market segments
Authors: Yang Yang , Hobbs Jill E. , Natcher David C. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe Canadian Arctic is a unique food producing region. Much of the food produced in the Canadian Arctic has a strong tie with Indigenous cultures and communities, is produced or harvested in a pristine environment, and features species not commonly consumed in other parts of Canada. Building upon previous work and using data from a survey of Canadian consumers featuring a discrete choice experiment positioned around a seafood purchasing decision (Arctic Char), we use a latent class model to examine heterogeneity in consumer responses to Arctic food. We identify three groups (classes) of consumers who differ in the relative importance placed on geographic origin, Indigenous origin, wild harvested (vs. farmed), and certification for sustainability and authenticity. A class membership model explores the sociodemographic and psychographic characteristics differentiating consumers across these three groups, including food neophobia and consumers’ prior perceptions of the Arctic as a food producing region with respect to quality expectations, environmental and social impacts, Indigenous cultural origins, health, moral and price concerns. Our analysis sheds light onto Indigenous cultural origin as a novel type of credence attribute. We discuss implications for the Arctic food sector and for regional certification initiatives.
Factors associated with healing, reoperation and continence disturbance in patients following surgery for fistula‐in‐ano
Authors: Ng K.‐S. , Kwok A. M. F. , Young C. J. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAimFistula‐in‐ano (FIA) is associated with high treatment costs and has a deleterious impact on quality of life. A wide range of healing, incontinence and recurrence rates have been reported. This study aimed to identify operative, patient and disease factors that influence these outcomes after surgery for FIA.MethodAn observational cohort study of consecutive patients who were managed for FIA at a tertiary colorectal practice (1999–2019) was performed. Outcome measures included healing, impaired continence and the need to reoperate. Clinico‐pathological variables, including patient comorbidities, fistula anatomy and operative approach, were assessed for their association with these outcomes.ResultsSome 411 procedures were performed on 263 patients [median age 41.8 years (range 17.8–79.7 years), 184 men (70.0%)]. Some 77.9% of patients achieved complete healing, 9.5% experienced some deterioration in continence postoperatively and 37.6% required reoperation at a median time of 19.0 weeks. Poorer healing was associated with Crohn’s disease, high trans‐sphincteric fistulas, extrasphincteric fistulas and steroid usage. Poorer continence was associated with female sex, age > 40 years, posterior location, suprasphincteric fistulas, seton insertion and having more than three subsequent procedures. The need to reoperate was associated with female sex, high trans‐sphincteric fistulas, suprasphincteric fistulas, inflammatory bowel disease and previous operations for FIA.ConclusionMinimizing recurrence of FIA and preservation of continence can be competing management goals. More than one in three patients require reoperation, one in five fails to heal completely and one in ten suffers worsened continence following surgery. Awareness of the factors that contribute to these outcomes is important to the process of informed consent and managing patient expectations before surgery.
Treatment with convalescent plasma in solid organ transplant recipients with COVID‐19: Experience at large transplant center in New York City
Authors: Rahman Farah , Liu Sean T. H. , Taimur Sarah , Jacobs Samantha , Sullivan Timothy , Dunn Dallas , Baneman Emily , Fuller Risa , Aberg Judith A. , Bouvier Nicole , Rana Meenakshi M. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSolid organ transplant (SOT) recipients may be at higher risk for poor outcomes with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection. Convalescent plasma is an investigational therapy that may benefit immunosuppressed patients by providing passive immunity. Convalescent plasma was administered to hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease‐2019 (COVID‐19) at an academic transplant center in New York City. Eligible patients were hospitalized and required to have positive nasopharyngeal polymerase chain reaction (PCR) diagnosis of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, be at least 18 years old, and have either dyspnea, blood oxygen saturation ≤ 93% on ambient air, respiratory frequency ≥ 30 breaths/min, partial pressure of arterial oxygen to fraction of inspired oxygen ratio < 300, or lung infiltrates > 50%. Thirteen SOT recipients received convalescent plasma from April 9, 2020, to May 17, 2020. The median time from symptom onset to plasma infusion was 8 days. Eight of 13 patients (62%) had de‐escalating oxygenation support by day 7 post‐convalescent plasma. Nine (69%) patients were discharged, 1 (7%) patients remain hospitalized, and 3 (23%) patients died. This series supports the need for additional studies on convalescent plasma use in SOT recipients with COVID‐19 to better determine efficacy and identify patients who are likely to benefit.
Unicuspid aortic valve in Turner syndrome, detected by 3D transoesophageal echocardiography: The usefulness of 3D echo in challenge diagnosis
Authors: D’Alfonso Maria Grazia , Oddo Andrea , Stefano Pieluigi , Mori Fabio 
Published: September 2020

AbstractTurner syndrome is a genetic disorder associated with a variable range of cardiac congenital diseases. Out of these, unicuspid aortic valve is a rare malformation, related to premature aortic stenosis and its diagnosis represents a challenge with transthoracic echocardiography. The application of 3D echocardiography could facilitate the diagnosis, especially with transoesophageal approach. Moreover, cardiac computed tomography and cardiac magnetic resonance have demonstrated their usefulness for detection of aortic morphology. We report a case of young patient affected by Turner syndrome, with unicuspid aortic valve, identified by 3D transoesophageal echocardiography and confirmed by cardiac computed tomography. The patient was submitted to aortic valve replacement.
Fulminant vigabatrin toxicity during combination therapy with adrenocorticotropic hormone for infantile spasms: Three cases and review of the literature
Authors: Bhalla Sonam , Skjei Karen 
Published: September 2020

AbstractVigabatrin (VGB), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), and prednisone are first‐line treatments for infantile spasms (IS). A recent study reported benefits from the use of combination VGB and hormonal therapy over hormonal treatment alone in IS. We describe three patients with IS who developed acute encephalopathy with extrapyramidal symptoms, vigabatrin‐associated brain abnormalities on magnetic resonance imaging (VABAM), and death in one patient shortly after initiation of therapy with VGB and ACTH. A literature review supports increased risk of fulminant, symptomatic VABAM in patients receiving VGB in association with hormonal therapy, raising concerns regarding its safety in IS.
Effects of zonisamide monotherapy on bone health in drug‐naive epileptic patients
Authors: Koo Dae Lim , Nam Hyunwoo 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectiveAlteration of bone strength is an adverse effect of antiepileptic drug treatment. We investigated the effects of zonisamide (ZNS) monotherapy on bone mineral density (BMD) and biomarkers of bone metabolism after 13 months of treatment in drug‐naive epileptic patients.MethodsFifty‐nine patients with new onset drug‐naive epilepsy were enrolled (29 women, 30 men; mean age = 31.5 ± 11.5 years). The BMD and T scores were measured at the lumbar spine and femoral neck by using dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry. Biomarkers specific for bone metabolism (bone‐specific alkaline phosphatase, parathyroid hormone, osteocalcin, insulinlike growth factor‐1, C‐telopeptide, and vitamin D3 levels) were measured before and after long‐term ZNS monotherapy. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to estimate BMD and biomarkers of bone metabolism before and after ZNS therapy. Age, sex, treatment duration, and ZNS dosage were included as covariates for adjustment in the ANCOVA model. Furthermore, subgroup analyses were performed for each sex, and the effect size was calculated.ResultsAfter 13 months of ZNS treatment, the BMD and T scores at the lumbar spine (L1‐L4 level) and femoral neck were not significantly different. Moreover, the biochemical markers showed no significant differences after ZNS monotherapy. Women showed significantly decreased baseline BMD at the femoral neck compared to men (P = .026), although the mean age and body mass index were not significantly different between the sexes. No significant changes in BMD or biomarkers of bone metabolism were seen in either sex after 13 months of ZNS treatment.SignificanceThe results suggest that long‐term ZNS monotherapy does not affect bone health in drug‐naive patients with epilepsy negatively.
Geographies of care work: The commodification of care, digital care futures and alternative caring visions
Authors: Schwiter Karin , Steiner Jennifer 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis article explores the growing interest in care within geography. Focusing on care as waged work, we trace current transformations through commodification and digitalisation. We discuss how the private household is turning into a precarious and feminised workplace for a growing number of workers, and we show how this development is promoted by the rise of labour agencies that facilitate the transnational recruitment of care workers. The literature on global care chains illustrates how the recruitment of migrant workers fills care deficits in destination countries while opening up care gaps in sending countries. We review this literature from economic geography and beyond and reflect on the continuing feminisation and devaluation of care labour. Based on these critical insights, we examine how processes of digitalisation contribute to reshaping care work. We discuss the ambivalent effects of digital technologies on care and argue that there is an urgent need to intensify our engagement with the processes and effects of digital transformations. In our conclusions, we call for strengthening the budding debate on alternative visions of caring within geography and point to avenues for future engagement.
Manuscripts are like vampires: Libraries and their uncertain histories on the island of Jerba, Tunisia
Authors: Love Paul M. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis article explores the methodological possibilities for using unverifiable, contradictory, or demonstrably false accounts of the past for historical research. Drawing from the methodological example of historical studies on accusations of vampirism in colonial East Africa, it presents histories of three Ibadi Muslim manuscript libraries on the island of Jerba, Tunisia. These stories contain contradictory or otherwise unverifiable elements, each of which raises methodological questions for its use as a historical source. The article argues that by drawing upon the methodological premise of these studies of vampires, historians can approach far more basic questions of historical research regarding chronology, contradictory evidence, and veracity.
Ocular manifestations of dermatological diseases part II: genodermatoses
Authors: Al Akrash Lamia S. , Al Semari Mohammad A. , Al Harithy Ruaa 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSkin and eyes share a common embryological origin from the embryonic surface ectoderm. Ocular manifestations in dermatological diseases are common and have diagnostic value. At present, there are a limited number of comprehensive reviews emphasizing the ocular manifestations of dermatological diseases. More than 40 published articles about ocular findings in dermatology were reviewed. The search included Pubmed, Google Scholar, and Cochrane databases from 2014 to 2019. This review was divided into three parts including: I. infectious and inflammatory disorders; II. genodermatoses; III. connective tissue, autoimmune, neoplasms, and drug‐related disorders. We excluded metabolic, endocrine, and nutrition‐related dermatological diseases. In this part, we summarized the most common and important ocular findings in dermatology‐related genetic disorders with appropriate referral recommendations to ophthalmology.
Wolbachia affects reproduction in the spider mite Tetranychus truncatus (Acari: Tetranychidae) by regulating chorion protein S38‐like and Rop
Authors: Xia X. , Peng C.‐W. , Cui J.‐R. , Jin P.‐Y. , Yang K. , Hong X.‐Y. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWolbachia‐induced reproductive regulation in hosts has been used to control pest populations, but little is known about the molecular mechanism underlying Wolbachia regulation of host genes. Here, reproductive regulation by Wolbachia in the spider mite Tetranychus truncatus was studied at the molecular level. Infection with Wolbachia resulted in decreasing oviposition and cytoplasmic incompatibility in T. truncatus. Further RNA‐seq revealed genes regulated by Wolbachia in T. truncatus. Real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) showed that genes, including chorion protein S38‐like and Rop were down‐regulated by Wolbachia. RNA interference (RNAi) of chorion protein S38‐like and Rop in Wolbachia‐uninfected T. truncatus decreased oviposition, which was consistent with Wolbachia‐induced oviposition decrease. Interestingly, suppressing Rop in Wolbachia‐infected T. truncatus led to increased Wolbachia titres in eggs; however, this did not occur after RNAi of chorion protein S38‐like. This is the first study to show that chorion protein S38‐like and Rop facilitate Wolbachia‐mediated changes in T. truncatus fertility. In addition, RNAi of Rop turned the body colour of Wolbachia‐uninfected T. truncatus black, which indicates that the role of Rop is not limited to the reproductive regulation of T. truncatus.
The practice doctorate approach to assessing advanced nursing practice in Ireland
Authors: Conrad Dianne , Burson Rosanne , Moran Katherine , Kesten Karen , Corrigan Catherine , Hussey Pamela , Pohl Elizabeth 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAimTo describe the practice doctorate scholarly approach to assess advanced nursing practice in Ireland to address healthcare and nursing policy initiatives.BackgroundA global team from Ireland and the United States collaborated with stakeholders, using a practice doctorate approach to identify geographic healthcare needs, the current state of the education and the evolving roles of advanced nursing practice. In Ireland, current policy initiatives call for expanding the capacity for advanced nurse practitioners to meet healthcare needs in community settings.Sources of EvidenceFurther assessment data were required from stakeholders to inform graduate nursing education to prepare advanced practice nurses to fulfil increasingly complex healthcare needs. The practice doctorate approach included review of literature, current policy and assessment with interviews, dialogue and the development of working relationships with policymakers, academics and practitioners.DiscussionThe current state and future vision of graduate nursing education are evolving. A force field analysis identified promoting and restraining factors to the desired state of development of the primary care advanced practice role. Relationship building with stakeholders and sharing of expertise was key to engage academia and policymakers to address identified restraining forces. Short‐term outcomes included development of collaborative relationships between practice, academia and policymakers, curricular development for the primary care nurse practitioner and intentionally shared dissemination to promote community graduate nursing education.Implications for Nursing PracticeThis innovative practice scholarship approach was used to assess and promote advanced nursing practice impact and promote the nursing profession globally.Implications for PolicySuccessful collaboration between two global partners was achieved to promote policy objectives for both nursing and health care, with the ultimate goal of improving health outcomes and population health.
Multiple criteria assessment of sustainability programs in the textile industry
Authors: Lombardi Netto Antonio , Salomon Valerio A.P. , Ortiz‐Barrios Miguel A. , Florek‐Paszkowska Anna K. , Petrillo Antonella , De Oliveira Otavio J. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractTo survive in the long term, business needs to profit, controlling environmental impacts with social responsibility. Sustainability programs involve the integration of social and environmental issues in business models and organizational processes. The assessment of sustainability programs is a problem of multiple criteria decision analysis (MCDA). This work presents applications of MCDA for the assessment of sustainability programs in the textile industry. Applied methods for MCDA are analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and the technique for the order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS). The reasons to apply AHP and TOPSIS include providing an assessment index, ranging from 0 to 1, and that the MCDA model is expected to have more criteria than alternatives. Therefore, an application of other methods, such as data envelopment analysis, could be prejudiced. Concepts from the triple bottom line, economic, social as well as environmental criteria were inserted in the proposed model. Sustainability programs of six leading companies from the Brazilian textile industry were evaluated. The main finding of the research is that AHP and TOPSIS resulted in similar evaluations for sustainability programs. Both methods resulted in the same rank of alternatives. However, with TOPSIS, companies' sustainability indices were more disperse, varying from 0.10 to 0.92 against a range from 0.23 to 0.69 with AHP.
The Trust‐Based Communicative Obligations of Expert Authorities
Authors: Kelsall Joshua 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis article analyses the extent to which expert authorities have basic communicative obligations to be open, honest, and transparent, with a view to shaping strategies of public engagement with such authorities. This article is in part a response to epistemic paternalists such as Stephen John, who argue that the communicative obligations of expert authorities, such as scientists, permit the use of lying, or lack of openness and transparency, as a means of sustaining public trust in scientific authority. In this article, I elucidate John’s position and reject it. I argue that expert authorities have strong communicative obligations to be open, honest, and transparent, which are grounded in the insight that such authorities hold positions of public trust. After demonstrating how this insight undermines John’s position, I conclude the article by considering the implications regarding public engagement with expert authorities.
Risk factors for falls among adults with intellectual disabilities: A narrative review
Authors: Pope John , Truesdale Maria , Brown Michael 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe prevalence of falls involving people with intellectual disabilities (ID) is high in comparison with the general population. There has been little evidence to date on the contributing risk factors. The objective of this review was to identify risk factors for people with intellectual disabilities.MethodLiterature searches were conducted using electronic databases to explore evidence on the subject, and narrative synthesis was employed to analyse the results.ResultsSeven risk factors were identified: decreasing physical ability, epilepsy, paretic conditions, impulsiveness, previous falls, incontinence and non‐use of assistive equipment. Thematic analysis identified factors across the four concepts: the person, the situation, ongoing and protective factors.ConclusionFactors for falls involving people with intellectual disabilities are dynamic and multifactorial. Some are specific to the population; however, further research is required to develop the understanding of the possible reasons. The findings have implications across policy, education, practice and research.
Regional drivers of diversification in the late Quaternary in a widely distributed generalist species, the common pheasant Phasianus colchicus
Authors: Liu Simin , Liu Yang , Jelen Edouard , Alibadian Mansour , Yao Cheng‐Te , Li Xintong , Kayvanfar Nasrin , Wang Yutao , Vahidi Farhad S. M. , Han Jian‐Lin , Sundev Gombobaatar , Zhang Zhengwang , Schweizer Manuel 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAimPleistocene climate and associated environmental changes have influenced phylogeographic patterns of many species. These not only depend on a species’ life history but also vary regionally. Consequently, populations of widespread species that occur in several biomes might display different evolutionary trajectories. We aimed to identify regional drivers of diversification in the common pheasant, a widely distributed ecological generalist.LocationAsia.TaxonCommon pheasant Phasianus colchicus.MethodsUsing a comprehensive geographical sampling of 204 individuals from the species’ entire range genotyped at seven nuclear and two mitochondrial loci, we reconstructed spatio‐temporal diversification and demographic history of the common pheasant. We applied Bayesian phylogenetic inference to describe phylogeographic structure, generated a species tree and inferred demographic history within and migration between lineages. Moreover, to establish a taxonomic framework, we conducted a species delimitation analysis.ResultsThe common pheasant diversified during the Late Pleistocene into eight distinct lineages. It originated at the edge of the Qinghai–Tibetan plateau and spread to East and Central Asia. Only the widely distributed lowland lineage of East Asia displayed recent range expansion. Greater phylogeographic structure was identified elsewhere, with lineages showing no sign of recent demographic changes. One lineage in south‐central China is the result of long‐term isolation within a climatically stable but topographically complex region. In lineages from arid Central Asia and China, range expansions were impeded by repeated population fragmentation during dry glacial periods and by recent aridification.Main conclusionsSpatio‐temporal phylogeographic frameworks of widespread taxa such as the common pheasant provide valuable opportunities to identify divergent drivers of regional diversification. Our results suggest that diversification and population histories in the eight distinct evolutionary lineages were shaped by regionally variable effects of past climate and associated environmental changes. The evolutionary history of the common pheasant is best reflected by its being split into three species.