bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bioluminescence Profiling of NanoKAZ/NanoLuc Luciferase Using a Chemical Library of Coelenterazine Analogues
Authors: Coutant Eloi P. , Gagnot Glwadys , Hervin Vincent , Baatallah Racha , Goyard Sophie , Jacob Yves , Rose Thierry , Janin Yves L. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe describe here an extensive structure‐bioluminescence relationship study of a chemical library of analogues of coelenterazine, using nanoKAZ/NanoLuc, a mutated luciferase originated from the catalytic subunit of the deep‐sea shrimp Oplophorus gracilirostris. Out of the 135 O‐acetylated precursors that were prepared by using our recently reported synthesis and following their hydrolysis to give solutions of the corresponding luciferins, notable bioluminescence improvements were achieved in comparison with furimazine, which is currently amongst the best substrates of nanoKAZ/NanoLuc. For instance, the rather more lipophilic analogue 8‐(2,3‐difluorobenzyl)‐2‐((5‐methylfuran‐2‐yl)methyl)‐6‐phenylimidazo[1,2‐a]pyrazin‐3(7H)‐one provided a 1.5‐fold improvement of the total light output over a 2 h period, a close to threefold increase of the initial signal intensity and a signal‐to‐background ratio five times greater than furimazine. The kinetic parameters for the enzymatic reaction were obtained for a selection of luciferin analogues and provided unexpected insights into the luciferase activity. Most prominently, along with a general substrate‐dependent and irreversible inactivation of this enzyme, in the case of the optimized luciferin mentioned above, the consumption of 2664 molecules was found to be required for the detection of a single Relative Light Unit (RLU; a luminometer‐dependent fraction of a photon).
N‐Heterocyclic Carbene‐Catalyzed Formal [6+2] Annulation Reaction via Cross‐Conjugated Aza‐Trienolate Intermediates
Authors: Balanna Kuruva , Madica Krishnaprasad , Mukherjee Subrata , Ghosh Arghya , Poisson Thomas , Besset Tatiana , Jindal Garima , Biju Akkattu T. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe diverse reactivity of N‐heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) in organocatalysis is due to the possibility of different modes of action. Although NHC‐bound enolates and dienolates are known, the related NHC‐bound cross‐conjugated aza‐trienolates remain elusive. Herein, we demonstrate the NHC‐catalyzed formal [6+2] annulation of nitrogen‐containing heterocyclic aldehydes with α,α,α‐trifluoroacetophenones leading to the formation of versatile pyrrolooxazolones (29 examples). The catalytically generated cross‐conjugated aza‐trienolates (aza‐fulvene type) underwent smooth [6+2] annulation with electrophilic ketones to afford the product in moderate to good yields under mild conditions. Preliminary DFT studies on the mechanism are also provided.
Cytological diagnosis of amyloidosis presenting as a supraclavicular swelling
Authors: Rakheja Garima , Handa Uma , Tahlan Anita , Lehl Sarabmeet S. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAmyloidosis is a well‐recognized entity, that can present as a systemic disease, or, uncommonly, as a localized mass. We report here, a rare presentation of amyloidosis presenting as a supraclavicular swelling, diagnosed on fine‐needle aspiration cytology. Subsequent bone marrow examination led to the diagnosis of multiple myeloma. This case highlights the need to be aware of cytological characteristics of amyloidosis, which can have unusual presentation posing a diagnostic dilemma.
Land‐sharing vs. land‐sparing urban development modulate predator–prey interactions in Europe
Authors: Jokimäki Jukka , Suhonen Jukka , Benedetti Yanina , Diaz Mario , Kaisanlahti‐Jokimäki Marja‐Liisa , Morelli Federico , Pérez‐Contreras Tomás , Rubio Enrique , Sprau Philipp , Tryjanowski Piotr , Ibánez‐Álamo Juan Diego 
Published: November 2019

AbstractUrban areas are expanding globally as a consequence of human population increases, with overall negative effects on biodiversity. To prevent the further loss of biodiversity, it is urgent to understand the mechanisms behind this loss to develop evidence‐based sustainable solutions to preserve biodiversity in urban landscapes. The two extreme urban development types along a continuum, land‐sparing (large, continuous green areas and high‐density housing) and land‐sharing (small, fragmented green areas and low‐density housing) have been the recent focus of debates regarding the pattern of urban development. However, in this context, there is no information on the mechanisms behind the observed biodiversity changes. One of the main mechanisms proposed to explain urban biodiversity loss is the alteration of predator–prey interactions. Using ground‐nesting birds as a model system and data from nine European cities, we experimentally tested the effects of these two extreme urban development types on artificial ground nest survival and whether nest survival correlates with the local abundance of ground‐nesting birds and their nest predators. Nest survival (n = 554) was lower in land‐sharing than in land‐sparing urban areas. Nest survival decreased with increasing numbers of local predators (cats and corvids) and with nest visibility. Correspondingly, relative abundance of ground‐nesting birds was greater in land‐sparing than in land‐sharing urban areas, though overall bird species richness was unaffected by the pattern of urban development. We provide the first evidence that predator–prey interactions differ between the two extreme urban development types. Changing interactions may explain the higher proportion of ground‐nesting birds in land‐sparing areas, and suggest a limitation of the land‐sharing model. Nest predator control and the provision of more green‐covered urban habitats may also improve conservation of sensitive birds in cities. Our findings provide information on how to further expand our cities without severe loss of urban‐sensitive species and give support for land‐sparing over land‐sharing urban development.
Rates and trends in healthcare‐detected incidence of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa: A national health insurance claim data study in Taiwan, 2002–2013
Authors: Tseng Mei‐Chih M. , Tu Chao‐Ying , Hsieh Shu‐Feng , Chang Chin‐Hao 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to examine the incidence rates of diagnosed anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN) and their variations over time in Taiwan.MethodThe data of individuals with AN and BN, as defined by the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification's (ICD‐9‐CM), were extracted from merged databases by means of unique identification numbers. To fulfill the criteria of incident cases, individuals must not have had an AN or BN diagnosis in the preceding 2 years. The time trends were analyzed using Joinpoint regression analysis.ResultsThe overall AN and BN incidence rates were 1.1 and 6.1 per 100,000, respectively. There was no significant change in the overall incidence rate for AN or both sexes across the study period. A significant increase in AN incidence occurred in the age groups of 10–14 and 30–39 years. The overall incidence rate of BN increased significantly in the few years before 2009 and then decreased. A similar trend occurred among the females and groups aged above 20 years. There was no significant change in the overall BN incidence rate over the whole period.DiscussionCompared with Western countries, the AN incidence in Taiwan is very low, whereas the BN incidence is in the lower end of the range. The findings that the age of the first‐time detected AN and BN is older in Taiwan and that the significant increases in age‐specific incidence are mainly among adults suggest that more effort is needed to detect individuals with AN and BN at a younger age in Taiwan.
Resource recovery from low strength wastewater in a bioelectrochemical desalination process
Authors: Stuart‐Dahl Savannah , Martinez‐Guerra Edith , Kokabian Bahareh , Gude Veera Gnaneswar , Smith Renotta , Brooks John 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn this research, low strength synthetic wastewaters with chemical oxygen demand less than 300 mg L−1 were treated at different concentrations in a bioelectrochemical desalination process. A process optimization model was utilized to study the performance of the photosynthetic bioelectrochemical desalination process. The variables include substrate (chemical oxygen demand) concentration, total dissolved solids, and microalgae biomass concentration in the cathode chamber. Relationships between the chemical oxygen demand concentration, microalgae, and salt concentrations were evaluated. Power densities and potential energy benefits from microalgal biomass growth were discussed. The results from this study demonstrated the reliability and reproducibility of the photosynthetic microbial desalination process performance followed by a response surface methodology optimization. This study also confirms the suitability of bioelectrochemical desalination process for treating low substrate wastewaters such as agricultural wastewaters, anaerobic digester effluents, and septic tank effluents for net energy production and water desalination.
Effects of Ammonia Impurities on the Hydrogen Flow in High and Low Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells
Authors: Isorna Llerena F. , de las Heras Jiménez A. , López González E. , Segura Manzano F. , Andújar Márquez J. M. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractFuel cells are a promising technology to use as a source of electricity and heat for buildings, and as an electrical power source for electric motors propelling vehicles. They consume hydrogen as fuel and oxygen to produce electricity, heat and water. Conventional fuels, such as natural gas, methanol, or even gasoline are reformed to produce the hydrogen required by the fuel cells. During the reforming process, impurities are inevitably obtained in the hydrogen flow. One of them is ammonia (NH3) that can result in serious damage to the fuel cell operation. In this paper, the effects produced by different concentrations of NH3 present in the hydrogen flow on the membrane electrode assembly (MEA) performance are studied, differentiating between irreversible and recoverable damages. Strictly experimental, the study includes both low and high temperature polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFC). The NH3 poisoning effect is analyzed and quantified by comparing the polarization curves. After the poisoning stage, the cells are subjected to a regeneration process (feeding the cell with neat H2) with the aim of knowing the membrane's recovery capacity. The experimental results demonstrate that in low temperature (LT)‐PEFCs, the cell recovers its performance almost completely with a new exposure to neat H2, in spite of the damage previously caused by the presence of traces of NH3 in the anode feed stream. In contrast, in high temperature (HT)‐PEFCs, the cell suffers irreversible damage, even with short time exposure to NH3. The paper concludes with discussing the possible chemical interactions by which NH3 affects the cell performance.
Structural core of the executive control network: A high angular resolution diffusion MRI study
Authors: Shen Kai‐kai , Welton Thomas , Lyon Matthew , McCorkindale Andrew N. , Sutherland Greg T. , Burnham Samantha , Fripp Jurgen , Martins Ralph , Grieve Stuart M. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractExecutive function (EF) is a set of cognitive capabilities considered essential for successful daily living, and is negatively affected by ageing and neurodegenerative conditions. Underpinning EF performance are functional nodes in the executive control network (ECN), while the structural connectivity underlying this network is not well understood. In this paper, we evaluated the structural white matter tracts that interconnect the ECN and investigated their relationship to the EF performance. Using high‐angular resolution diffusion MRI data, we performed tractography analysis of structural connectivity in a cognitively normal cohort (n = 140), specifically targeting the connectivity between ECN nodes. Our data revealed the presence of a strongly‐connected “structural core” of the ECN comprising three components: interhemispheric frontal connections, a fronto‐parietal subnetwork and fronto‐striatal connections between right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and right caudate. These pathways were strongly correlated with EF performance (p = .003). Post‐hoc analysis of subregions within the significant ECN connections showed that these effects were driven by a highly specific subset of interconnected cortical regions. The structural core subnetwork of the functional ECN may be an important feature crucial to a better future understanding of human cognition and behaviour.
Impact of PD‐L1 expression and human papillomavirus status in anti‐PD1/PDL1 immunotherapy for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma—Systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Patel Jaimin J. , Levy Dylan A. , Nguyen Shaun A. , Knochelmann Hannah M. , Day Terry A. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractProgrammed cell death‐1 (PD‐1) pathway inhibition in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) has demonstrated inconsistent efficacy regarding human papillomavirus (HPV) status and PD‐L1 expression. This study compared outcomes in HNSCC in the context of PD‐L1 and HPV expression. Outcomes: PD‐L1 and HPV expression; overall survival (OS), and tumor response (ORR). 1088 patients received PD‐1/L1 inhibitors. Four methodologies were identified in determining PD‐L1 expression, most commonly using the Dako PD‐L1 IHC 22C3 pharmaDx assay. Using a 1% threshold, ORR was greater for PD‐L1 expressers vs non‐expressers (18.9%, CI 16.1‐21.8 v 8.8% CI 5.3‐13.7, P = 0.009), as was OS at 6 months (60.6%, CI 49.2‐71.4 v 49.0%, CI 39.1‐59.0, P = 0.04) but not at 12 or 18 months. No advantages were identified for HPV expressers. Patients expressing PD‐L1 may have a better tumor response and OS. No impact on survival or response was observed based on HPV status.
Utilizing NCES Survey Data for the Study of Postsecondary Pathways and Success: Challenges and Future Directions
Authors: Chan Hsun‐Yu , Wang Xueli 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn this chapter, we review the strengths of NCES survey data, provide an example of analyzing NCES survey data to explore the pathways between coursework in career and technical education in high school and postsecondary success, and offer suggestions for future data collection.
Client deception about substance use: Research findings and a case study
Authors: Farber Barry A. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractFindings from a large sample of therapy clients indicate that substance use is among the most widely reported topics of dishonesty; that the primary motives for this dishonesty are shame, fear of being judged by one's therapist, and concern about real‐world consequences of disclosure (e.g., being sent to a rehabilitation facility); and that the most widely held client beliefs about what might facilitate greater honesty about substance use include feeling reassured that a therapist would not overreact nor be judgmental. The case report here reflects many of these themes. Discussion focuses on the ways in which therapists might deal with clients who struggle to be consistently forthcoming about their substance use issues, for example, by asking direct questions and by discussing the parameters and consequences of client disclosure on this topic.
A wide‐targeted urinary and serum metabolomics strategy reveals the effective substance of the Wu‐tou decoction
Authors: Cheng Xiaoxu , Xu Tengfei , Pi Zifeng , Liu Shu , Song Fengrui , Liu Zhiqiang 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAs an important Chinese medicine decoction, Wu‐tou decoction has been used to treat rheumatic arthritis for more than a thousand years. We previously reported that the Wu‐tou decoction could change the urinary and serum metabolites in adjuvant‐induced arthritis rats significantly. The purpose of this research was to confirm the potential biomarkers obtained by previous non‐targeted metabolomics study through quantitative analysis by liqui chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry, in the meantime, to further study the effective material basis of Wu‐tou decoction. Firstly, the important compounds in the tryptophan metabolism pathway, the arginine and proline metabolism pathway, the amino acid metabolism pathway, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, the vitamin B6 metabolism pathway, and the phenylalanine metabolism pathway, which were identified as potential biomarkers in previous study, were selected for quantitative analysis. Then the linearity, limit of detection, limit of quantification, selectivity, accuracy, precision, stability, recovery, and matrix effect of the quantitative method were examined. Finally, ten and eighteen metabolites were quantitatively analyzed in the serum and urine, respectively. The results showed that seven out of ten serum potential biomarkers and ten out of eighteen urine potential biomarkers were confirmed as real biomarkers. This research provides a powerful reference for the study on effective material basis of Wu‐tou decoction.
Beneficial Effect of Intense Pulsed Light on the Wound Healing in Diabetic Rats
Authors: Jeng Seng‐Feng , Chen Jian‐An , Chang Li‐Ren , Chen Chien‐Chung , Shih Hsiang‐Shun , Chou Ting‐Mao , Chen Hsing‐Fu , Feng Guan‐Ming , Yang Chih‐Hui 
Published: November 2019

Background and ObjectiveWound healing in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients is one of the major health concerns globally. Intense pulsed light (IPL) has been widely used in cosmetic dermatology via mechanisms involving fibroblast stimulation, collagen synthesis, and dermal remodeling, which are events that also occur during the process of wound healing. This present study was aimed to evaluate the possible beneficial effect of IPL on the wound healing in diabetic rats.Materials and MethodsDiabetes was induced in Sprague–Dawley rats using streptozotocin. The rats were randomly divided into four groups: normal group, DM only group, DM rats with IPL treatment 2 weeks before wounding (DM + IPL‐Pre group), and DM rats with concurrent IPL exposure and wounding (DM + IPL‐Con group). The wounds were created on the dorsal skin of rats. Wound closure rate, collagen deposition, and angiogenesis were assessed.ResultsThere were no significant differences in the wound closure rate and mean time to wound closure between IPL‐treated diabetic rats and normal rats. By contrast, delayed wound closure and prolonged mean time to wound closure were both noticed in DM only group. Enhanced collagen deposition and angiogenesis were observed in IPL‐Pre, but not IPL‐Con diabetic rats, as compared with untreated DM rats.ConclusionResults of this study may provide novel insight into future preventive strategies using IPL for the management of wounds in diabetic patients. Lasers Surg Med. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Polymer Chemistry for Improving Lithium Metal Anodes
Authors: Li Sipei , Lorandi Francesca , Whitacre Jay F. , Matyjaszewski Krzysztof 
Published: November 2019

AbstractLithium metal anode based rechargeable batteries (LMBs) are regarded as a highly appealing alternatives to replace state‐of‐the‐art lithium ion batteries (LIBs) for applications that demand higher energy density. Due to the highly reactive nature of metallic lithium and the related challenges with regard to dendrite issues at the anode, and electrolyte and cathode design, the industrial success of LMBs is yet to be safely achieved. Traditionally, in an LMB, the role of polymeric components is mostly limited to separators and cathode binders. With the advancement in polymer chemistry and its growing applications in materials science, it is now recognized that functional polymers can greatly improve the practical performance of an LMB. This paper discusses some representative studies, in order to demonstrate how various macromolecular approaches could be adopted to improve LMBs especially concerning the anode side, including electrolyte and artificial solid electrolyte interphase.
Liquid Metal–Mediated Mechanochemical Polymerization
Authors: Gan Tiansheng , Handschuh‐Wang Stephan , Shang Wenhui , Shen Jiayan , Zhu Lifei , Xiao Qi , Hu Shuangyan , Zhou Xuechang 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMechanically controlled polymerization that employs the mechanical energy to fabricate novel synthetic materials has attracted considerable interest. However, only a few examples have been achieved so far, owing to the limited choices of materials and strategies. Herein, a versatile, liquid metal (LM)‐mediated mechanochemical polymerization method (LMMMP) is developed for the air‐compatible, robust preparation of polymers in an aqueous solution. This method involves the simultaneous disruption of bulk LMs into micro‐ and nanodroplets and the combination of monomers into polymers during ultrasonic irradiation. The pristine and reactive LM surface continuously generated by ultrasound endows this polymerization method with excellent oxygen tolerance, high reaction rate, and the ability to produce polymers with high molecular weight from a wide variety of water‐soluble monomers. Besides, LM droplets are readily reclaimed and reused for polymerization. The authors envision that the LMMMP promotes the utilization of mechanical energy for the synthesis of functional polymers, constitutes a novel fabrication approach for polymer–LM nanocomposites, and provides new insight into the design of LM‐based platforms for polymerization.
A frequency‐reconfigurable electronically‐steerable parasitic array radiator using microstrip patch antennas
Authors: Ouyang Wei , Vosoughi Azadeh , Gong Xun 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA microstrip patch electronically‐steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) with continuous frequency reconfigurability is presented in this paper. Loading varactors are strategically placed on the radiating edge of all antenna elements to achieve a 15% continuous frequency tuning range, from 0.87 to 1.02 GHz. At each operating frequency, this ESPAR is able to scan from −20 to 20° in the H plane. Therefore, this ESPAR is able to provide spectrum diversity in addition to the spatial diversity inherent in a frequency‐fixed ESPAR. The underlying physics and design procedures of this ESPAR are presented. The return losses at different operating frequencies and scan angles, radiation patterns, realized gains, and third‐order input intercept point (IIP3) are also measured.
Low‐profile circularly polarized microstrip patch antenna with pattern diversity
Authors: Tu Zhi‐Hong , Wang You‐Xian , Nie Na 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis letter presents a two‐port circularly polarized pattern diversity microstrip patch antenna. The antenna is designed on a single layer with a low profile (0.021λ0, where λ0 is the free‐space wavelength at the central frequency). The broadside pattern and conical pattern of the antenna can be obtained by respectively exciting the fundamental mode of the inner circular patch and the high‐order mode of the entire circular patch. With four pairs of silts on the patch, the antenna achieves circular polarization for both broadside and conical patterns. A prototype of it is fabricated and measured. The measured overlapped bandwidth of 10‐dB return‐loss and 3‐dB axial ratio for both modes are 1.3% (1.569‐1.580 GHz) and 0.6% (1.565‐1.575 GHz), respectively. Moreover, the measured peak gain values are 6.4 and 3.7 dBi for broadside and conical modes, respectively. The satisfactory isolation (|S21| < −22 dB) is also achieved between the two feeding ports in the common impedance matching bands.