bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Consumer acceptability in the USA, Mexico, and Spain of chocolate chip cookies made with partial insect powder replacement
Authors: Castro Delgado Mauricio , Chambers Edgar , Carbonell‐Barrachina Angel , Noguera Artiaga Luis , Vidal Quintanar Reyna , Burgos Hernandez Armando 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn the last decade, consumer perception of protein as an important nutrient has increased exponentially and focused on alternative sources such as plant‐ or insect‐based protein and microalgae. However, many consumers indicate that they do not consider insect ingredients, a potential source of high quality protein, to be a good choice in food products. But is it because of the sensory aspects? This consumer study was conducted in the United States of America, Mexico, and Spain to compare acceptability of a familiar product, chocolate chip cookies, in three “blind” variations: a control 100% wheat flour chocolate chip cookie, and two versions substituting 15% and 30% cricket flour for an equivalent amount of wheat flour. Two hundred consumers from each country were recruited and scored overall acceptability and acceptability of different sensory attributes for the three cookies. Acceptance was measured using a nine‐point hedonic scale and a similar format was used for each attribute. US consumers did not find significant differences in liking between the control and 15% sample. The 30% cricket powder cookie showed a decrease in consumer acceptance. Mexican and Spanish consumers liked the 15% sample significantly more than the control and 30% sample. Spanish consumers also like the control more than the 30% sample. The substitution of 15% cricket powder does not negatively impact liking in this product and, in fact, may improve both liking and protein content. Further research is necessary to determine whether this finding can help to mitigate the impact of insect‐containing ingredients.Practical ApplicationHigh protein and sustainability are two key aspects being used to promote products in many markets. The protein content and sustainability of insect‐based ingredients could make more competitive baked products if certain negative aspects, such as sensory and emotional and psychological barriers, can be overcome. This study focused on three specific countries but products using insect powder as an ingredient have the potential to be used in other regions or countries as acceptable products. With the correct marketing, such products could become a competitive choice in the product category. The food industry should consider and explore different insect powders/flours as an alternative ingredient.
Postpartum depression and its correlates in middle‐class women in Hunan, China
Authors: Guan Ziyao , Bai Wenhui , Qin Chunxiang , Sun Mei , Bai Xiaoling , Tang Siyuan 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPostpartum depression (PPD) has a negative impact on both infants and women. The middle‐class group is rapidly expanding with increased but unmet psychological needs. To determine the risk and its correlates of PPD in middle‐class women in Hunan, China. A sample of 306 middle‐class puerperae from obstetric wards of a large general hospital was enrolled in the study. Our results showed 55.6% middle‐class women were suspected PPD. Related risk factors included a history of complications, pregnancy stress, subjective support, and interaction effect between objective support and negative coping. The protective factors included objective support and an interaction effect between subjective support and negative coping. Early assessment and individualized guidance in terms of social support and coping to identify and prevent PPD in this population are required.
Theologies of pastoral leadership
Authors: Manning Libby Davis , Nelson Derek R. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe disestablishment of mainline Protestantism as the default religiosity and public theological voice, lamented by many of its members, presents new opportunities for conceiving of pastoral leadership in faithful ways. The pastor as public leader is better imagined as a visionary possibilizer and convener of public conversations, exerting influence in indirectly persuasive ways, rather than as spokesperson for an institution.
Mouthguard use and TMJ injury prevention with different occlusions: A three‐dimensional finite element analysis
Authors: Tribst João Paulo Mendes , Dal Piva Amanda Maria de Oliveira , Bottino Marco Antonio , Kleverlaan Cornelis Johannes , Koolstra Jan Harm 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackground/AimsThere is a lack of data regarding the mechanical responses of the temporo‐mandibular joints during an impact to the orofacial region. The aim of this study was to analyze the biomechanical effects of wearing a mouthguard (MG) on the impact response of the mandibular condyle and articular disk according to the type of occlusion. The hypothesis was that the MG would minimize the effect in those structures, regardless of the occlusion type.MethodsUsing modeling software, a human skull with jaw, teeth and articular disk was created. The models were divided according to the occlusion type (Class I, II, or III) and the presence of a mouthguard (with or without). The geometries were exported to analysis software, and the materials were considered ideal. Fixation occurred at the base of the foramen magnum. The load (0‐500N, 1s) was applied to the upper central incisors with a steel ball. Maximum principal stress and Von Mises results (MPa) were obtained in the mandibular condyle and articular disk. Minimum principal stress and maximum shear stresses were also recorded in the articular disk.ResultsFor both structures, the MG caused a decrease in stress concentration regardless of the occlusion and stress criteria. The condyle neck was the most tensile‐stressed area while for the articular disk, both the superior and inferior surfaces were the most stressed areas. The highest stress peaks in the disk were found for compression followed by tensile and then shear stress.ConclusionThis biomechanical analysis of the effects of using a mouthguard exhibited considerably decreased stresses on the mandibular condyle and articular disk, regardless of the occlusion type.
Post‐ictal accelerometer silence as a marker of post‐ictal immobility
Authors: Bruno Elisa , Böttcher Sebastian , Biondi Andrea , Epitashvili Nino , Manyakov Nikolay V. , Lees Simon , Schulze‐Bonhage Andreas , Richardson Mark P. ,   the RADAR-CNS Consortium
Published: May 2020

AbstractObjectiveMovement‐based wearable sensors are used for detection of convulsive seizures. The identification of the absence of motion following a seizure, known as post‐ictal immobility (PI), may represent a potential additional application of wearables. PI has been associated with potentially life‐threatening complications and with sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP). We aimed to assess whether wearable accelerometers (ACCs) could be used as a digital marker of PI.MethodDevices with embedded ACCs were worn by patients admitted to an epilepsy monitoring unit. Participants presenting with convulsive seizures were included in the study. PI presence and duration were assessed by experts reviewing video recordings. An algorithm for the automatic detection of post‐ictal ACC silence and its duration was developed and the linear pairwise relationship between the automatically detected duration of post‐ictal ACC silence and the duration of the expert‐labeled PI was analyzed.ResultsTwenty‐two convulsive seizures were recorded from 18 study participants. Twenty were followed by PI and two by agitation. The automated estimation of post‐ictal ACC silence identified all the 20 expert‐labeled PI. The regression showed that the duration of the post‐ictal ACC silence was correlated with the duration of PI (Pearsonr = .92;P < .001), with the age of study participants (Pearsonr = .78;P < .001), and with the duration of post‐ictal generalized electroencephalography suppression (PGES; Pearsonr = .4;P = .033).SignificanceWe highlight a novel application of wearables as a way to record post‐ictal manifestations associated with an increased risk of SUDEP. The occurrence of a fatal seizure is unpredictable and the continuous, non‐invasive, long‐term identification of risk factors associated with each individual seizure may assume a great clinical importance.
Mitochondrial light switches: optogenetic approaches to control metabolism
Authors: Berry Brandon J. , Wojtovich Andrew P. 
Published: May 2020

Developing new technologies to study metabolism is increasingly important as metabolic disease prevalence increases. Mitochondria control cellular metabolism and dynamic changes in mitochondrial function are associated with metabolic abnormalities in cardiovascular disease, cancer, and obesity. However, a lack of precise and reversible methods to control mitochondrial function has prevented moving from association to causation. Recent advances in optogenetics have addressed this challenge, and mitochondrial function can now be precisely controlled in vivo using light. A class of genetically encoded, light‐activated membrane channels and pumps has addressed mechanistic questions that promise to provide new insights into how cellular metabolism downstream of mitochondrial function contributes to disease. Here, we highlight emerging reagents—mitochondria‐targeted light‐activated cation channels or proton pumps—to decrease or increase mitochondrial activity upon light exposure, a technique we refer to as mitochondrial light switches, or mtSWITCH. The mtSWITCH technique is broadly applicable, as energy availability and metabolic signaling are conserved aspects of cellular function and health. Here, we outline the use of these tools in diverse cellular models of disease. We review the molecular details of each optogenetic tool, summarize the results obtained with each, and outline best practices for using optogenetic approaches to control mitochondrial function and downstream metabolism.
From pathways to roadways: Issues and challenges of road transport in Nagaland
Authors: Humtsoe Tumbenthung Y. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractModern transport was introduced in the Naga Hills by the British, initially to conquer the Hills, and then, the same was expanded to retain the conquered Hills. The colonial roads, however, even at the beginning of the 20th century were still largely of “bridle paths.” Significant capacity expansion in roads came only post‐statehood. However, the state of transport in Nagaland, even today, is still characterized by myriad issues and challenges. Against this backdrop, and in the light of a stagnant, regionally skewed underdeveloped economy of the province, it is imperative to invest in transport infrastructure and services. A survey of literature on “transport and development” shows that investment in transport in an economy like that of Nagaland brings about huge returns.
Sex differences betweenHelicobacter pyloriinfection and cholesterol levels in an adult health checkup program
Authors: Seo Kwang Il , Heo Jae Joon , Kim Sung Eun , Park Seun Ja , Park Moo In , Moon Won , Kim Jae Hyun , Jung Kyoungwon , Cho Dae Hyeon 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundHelicobacter pylori (H pylori)infection is suggested to be a risk factor of metabolic syndrome (MS) and lipid abnormalities. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence ofH pyloriinfection on MS and lipid abnormalities according to sex differences.Materials and MethodsWe analyzed a total of 4551 adults who received health checkups from January 2016 to May 2017. We enrolled participants who did not have a history of hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, or cancer among those who underwent endoscopy with a rapid urease test.ResultsWe included a total of 1065 participants, and 663 patients (62.3%) wereH pylori‐positive. TheH pyloriinfection rate was 59.3% (426/719) in males and 68.5% (237/346) in females. The mean level of total cholesterol (P = .003), low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (P = .046), and triglycerides (P = .029) were statistically higher inH pylori‐infected males. The mean level of high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol was statistically lower inH pylori‐infected females (P = .032). Multivariate analysis showed that total cholesterol in males (odds ratio [OR], 1.007; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.002‐1.011) and HDL cholesterol in females (OR, 0.983; 95% CI, 0.968‐0.998) were associated with activeH pyloriinfection. The prevalence of MS was higher in both male and femaleH pylori‐infected groups; however, there was no statistical significance.ConclusionsH pyloriinfection is significantly related to increased total cholesterol in males and to decreased HDL cholesterol in females, which suggests thatH pyloricould affect lipid profiles and may be different by sex.
Structure of CAS glass surfaces and electrostatic contact charging behavior: A joint simulation and experimental investigation
Authors: Agnello Gabriel , Wang Liaoyuan , Smith Nicholas , Manley Robert , Cormack Alastair 
Published: May 2020

AbstractSurface structures of CAS models with various Al2O3/CaO ratios, (80:10:10), (70:15:15), (60:20:20), and (50:25:25), have been simulated using classical MD methods. Atomistic surface structures, CN and Qn distributions, radial distribution functions, z‐axis concentration profiles, and ring‐size distributions were employed to study the surface structures. While bridging oxygen (BO) and triclustered oxygen (TBO) surface concentrations closely mimic those observed in the bulk structures, nonbridging oxygen (NBO) concentration exhibits a nonlinear trend with composition. Surface analysis has also showed that both 3‐ and 5‐coordinated Al (AlC3 and AlC5) exist in the near‐surface region, with concentrations that differ from the respective bulk structures. There are enhancements in the concentrations of small (2‐ and 3‐membered) rings that are closely related with the spatial proximity of TBO to AlC5. These complexes, and their variations with glass composition, appear to be closely correlated with experimental electrostatic contact charging data.
Substitution and spill‐overs between early exit pathways in times of extending working lives in Europe
Authors: Riekhoff Aart‐Jan , Kuitto Kati , Palomäki Liisa‐Maria 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis article investigates to what extent instrument substitution between early exit pathways took place in Europe between 1995 and 2015. Using Eurostat aggregate data on labour market inactivity and employment rates among the population aged 55–64 in 19 European countries, we analyse substitution effects between pathways and overall spill‐over effects into non‐employment. In spite of a strong decline in early exit and rises in older workers’ employment rates, findings suggest that instrument substitution was common especially between early retirement and disability. Reductions in early exit coincided with considerable spill‐overs into non‐employment, yet these spill‐overs were limited when pathways contracted simultaneously.
CUDC‐907, a novel dual PI3K and HDAC inhibitor, in prostate cancer: Antitumour activity and molecular mechanism of action
Authors: Hu Cheng , Xia Hongyan , Bai Shanshan , Zhao Jianlei , Edwards Holly , Li Xinyu , Yang Yanrong , Lyu Jing , Wang Guan , Zhan Yang , Dong Yan , Ge Yubin 
Published: May 2020

AbstractTargeting the androgen receptor (AR) signalling pathway remains the main therapeutic option for advanced prostate cancer. However, resistance to AR‐targeting inhibitors represents a great challenge, highlighting the need for new therapies. Activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway and increased expression of histone deacetylases (HDACs) are common aberrations in prostate cancer, suggesting that inhibition of such targets may be a viable therapeutic strategy for this patient population. Previous reports demonstrated that combination of PI3K inhibitors (PI3KIs) with histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACIs) resulted in synergistic antitumour activities against preclinical models of prostate cancer. In this study, we demonstrate that the novel dual PI3K and HDAC inhibitor CUDC‐907 has promising antitumour activity against prostate cancer cell lines in vitro and castration‐resistant LuCaP 35CR patient‐derived xenograft (PDX) mouse model in vivo. CUDC‐907‐induced apoptosis was partially dependent on Mcl‐1, Bcl‐xL, Bim and c‐Myc. Further, down‐regulation of Wee1, CHK1, RRM1 and RRM2 contributed to CUDC‐907‐induced DNA damage and apoptosis. In the LuCaP 35CR PDX model, treatment with CUDC‐907 resulted in significant inhibition of tumour growth. These findings support the clinical development of CUDC‐907 for the treatment of prostate cancer.
Mortality of people with intellectual disabilities during the 2017/2018 influenza epidemic in the Netherlands: potential implications for the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Cuypers M. , Schalk B. W. M. , Koks‐Leensen M. C. J. , Nägele M. E. , Bakker‐van Gijssel E. J. , Naaldenberg J. , Leusink G. L. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundData on the development of Covid‐19 among people with intellectual disabilities (IDs) are scarce and it is uncertain to what extent general population data applies to people with ID. To give an indication of possible implications, this study investigated excess mortality patterns during a previous influenza epidemic.MethodsUsing Dutch population and mortality registers, a historical cohort study was designed to compare mortality during the 2017–2018 influenza epidemic with mortality in the same period in the three previous years. People with ID were identified by entitlements to residential ID‐care services as retrieved from a national database.ResultsData covered the entire adult Dutch population (12.6 million; GenPop), of which 91 064 individuals were identified with an ID. During the influenza epidemic, mortality among people with ID increased almost three times as much than in the GenPop (15.2% vs. 5.4%), and more among male individuals with ID (+19.5%) than among female individuals with ID (+10.6%), as compared with baseline. In both cohorts, comparable increases in mortality within older age groups and due to respiratory causes were seen. Particularly in the ID‐cohort, excess deaths also occurred in younger age groups, due to endocrine diseases and ID‐specific causes.ConclusionsDuring the 2017–2018 influenza epidemic, excess mortality among people with ID was three times higher than in the general Dutch population, appeared more often at young age and with a broader range of underlying causes. These findings suggest that a pandemic may disproportionally affect people with ID while population data may not immediately raise warnings. Early detection of diverging patterns and faster implementation of tailored strategies therefore require collection of good quality data.
Intralesional verapamil in the treatment of keloids: A clinical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical study
Authors: Abou‐Taleb Doaa A. E. , Badary Dalia M. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIntroductionThe histopathological changes and immunohistochemical studies occurring in keloids in vivo after treatment by intralesional (IL) verapamil are not yet assessed. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety as well as the histological/immunohistochemical effects of intralesional verapamil on keloids.Patients and methodsThirty‐one patients with 43 keloids were treated with IL verapamil at 3‐week intervals until reaching complete flattening of the lesion or for a maximum of 6 sessions. Keloid biopsies were obtained before and after treatment for evaluation of histopathological changes and the immunohistochemical expression of VEGF and MMP9.ResultsOf 43 keloids, 6 keloids (14%) and 17 (39.5%) showed excellent and good improvement, respectively, with no significant side effects except for pain at the site of injection. Histopathological and immunohistochemical evaluations were consistent with the clinical observations after treatment, and there was a statistically significant decrease in VEGF and MMP9 expressions after treatment.ConclusionIL verapamil is effective in the treatment of keloids which is possibly attributed to suppression of MMP9 and VEGF. It is a simple and relatively safe treatment method for keloids.
Scar management in patients after cleft lip repair–Systematic review Cleft lip scar management
Authors: Bartkowska Patrycja , Komisarek Oskar 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundCleft lip is a commonly occurring congenital development defect. Primary cleft lip repair leads to cleft scar formation. The resulting scar often undergoes hypertrophy, which negatively affects facial esthetics, function, and the patient's mental health.AimsThe systematic review presented here was carried out to answer the following question: What cleft lip scar management options exist and how effective are they?MethodsThe systematic review of the articles on scar management methods in cleft lip patients was done in accordance with the PRISMA checklist. The literature search was conducted via the PubMed and Google Scholar databases.ResultsA total of 95 items were obtained. Finally, nine works have been included in the systematic review. Among the obtained works, there is a variety of cleft lip scar management methods. All the presented methods of cleft lip scar management proved to be effective in cleft scar therapy.ConclusionsCleft lip scar management should be considered as a constant and mandatory element of the treatment plan in cleft patients. It is also worth considering creating detailed protocols of conduct for cases of cleft lip scaring which pay attention to existing needs, prevention/correction and problems of superficiality and depth.
Factors related to heavy drinking between British Columbia Asian adolescents and South Korean adolescents
Authors: Joung Kyoung Hwa , Saewyc Elizabeth M. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this study is to compare the factors related to heavy drinking among British Columbia (BC) Asian adolescents and South Korean adolescents.Design and MethodsA cross‐sectional descriptive design was used. Participants were 72,422 adolescents (12,382 BC Asian adolescents and 60,040 South Korean adolescents) from the 2018 BC Adolescent Health Survey and the 2018 Korean Youth Risk Behavior Web‐Based Survey. Complex samples descriptive statistics, Rao–Scott χ2 tests, and complex samples logistic regression analyses were performed.ResultsHeavy drinking was reported by 8.6% of BC Asian adolescents and 7.7% of South Korean adolescents. Asian adolescents in BC and South Korea shared six risk factors and one protective factor linked to odds of heavy drinking. The strongest risk factor for heavy drinking in each region was current cigarette smoking. Other risk factors for heavy drinking included older age/higher grade (10/12th), early initiation of sexual intercourse (age 14 or younger), experiences of bullying, depression, and exercise. The only protective factor for heavy drinking, sufficient sleep, was similar in both regions.Practice ImplicationsThis study suggests several nursing interventions and health promotion strategies to help us to prevent or reduce heavy drinking for BC Asian adolescents and South Korean adolescents.