bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ceramic bricks containing Ni ions from contaminated biomass used as an adsorbent
Authors: Simón Daiana , Quaranta Nancy , Gass Sebastián , Procaccini Raúl , Cristóbal Adrián 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis article shows how pine sawdust residues can be used to adsorb nickel ions from synthetic solutions and then to produce porous bricks for civil construction using a mixture of natural clay and biomass containing the adsorbed metals. The adsorption tests were performed by mixing NiCl2 solutions with pine sawdust during a fixed stirring period of 24 h. The set was filtered and the filtrate was analysed. Highest efficiency adsorbate/adsorbent ratio was 50 mL of 1 M NiCl2 solution and 20 g L− 1 of pine sawdust. This was the contaminated biomass sample used in the manufacture of the bricks. This paper analyses the properties of the bricks achieved and compares them with bricks without added biomass, porous bricks containing zinc and commercial bricks. The obtained values of bulk density, apparent specific weight, apparent porosity, water absorption, apparent volume, weight loss on ignition, compressive strength, flexural modulus of rupture and efficiency retention of metal in the brick, demonstrate that the ceramic pieces obtained are optimal for construction.
Pneumorrhachis causing cauda equina syndrome: a case report and literature review
Authors: Shafqat Areez , Magableh Hamzah M. F. , Shafqat Shameel , Islam Syed Shafqat Ul 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Pneumorrhachis (PR) describes the rare presence of intraspinal air, mainly following traumatic or iatrogenic procedures. According to the localization of air in the spinal canal, PR has been classified into internal (subdural) and external (epidural). PR rarely manifests in neurological deficits and usually resolves spontaneously without recurrence, with air being passed directly into the bloodstream.
Here, we report a case of external PR occurring spontaneously (without any underlying trauma or surgical interventions) manifesting as neurological deficits. This is an extremely rare finding with only a limited number of cases in the literature.

Case presentation
We report a case of spontaneous external PR manifesting as neurological symptoms in a 62-year-old male diabetic patient with chronic low backpain who developed numbness in his perineal region mainly on the left side. His medical history was normal, without trauma or surgical intervention. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) in the past 2 years demonstrated degenerative changes in the lumbar spine, including end plates and disc spaces, with intervertebral disc vacuum phenomenon (VP); the CT additionally showed intraspinal air in the epidural space at L5-S1 levels compressing the cauda equina. A diagnosis of spontaneous external PR was made. A follow-up MRI upon exacerbation of neurological deficits showed an increase in air locule size. Our patient was managed conservatively on a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) and was advised for regular follow-ups. No aspiration or surgery has been performed to date.

Conclusions
Spontaneous external pneumorrhachis manifesting as neurological symptoms is extremely rare. Due to degenerative disc disease producing vacuum phenomenon, we propose that spontaneous PR secondary to intradiscal VP be considered as part of the differential for radicular symptoms, especially with increasing age. The most effective noninvasive investigation for the diagnosis of PR is CT. MRI is less beneficial in the case of PR as gas and calcifications are hard to distinguish, both being of low-intensity signals on all MR sequences.
Evolving Best Practice for Take-Home Cancer Drugs
Authors: Pardhan Aliya , Vu Kathy , Gallo-Hershberg Daniela , Forbes Leta , Gavura Scott , Kukreti Vishal 
Published: October 2020

PURPOSE:Take-home cancer drugs (THCDs) have become a standard treatment of many cancers. Robust guidelines have been developed for intravenous chemotherapy drugs, but few exist for THCDs with a focus on decentralized models. Hence, Ontario Health (Cancer Care Ontario) established the Oncology Pharmacy Task Force (OPTF) to develop consensus-based recommendations on best practices for THCDs to ensure that patients receive safe, consistent, high-quality care in the community once they leave the cancer center/practice with a prescription.METHODS:The OPTF included 34 members with comprehensive representation. Guidance from leading authorities was extracted through literature review, thematically analyzed, and synthesized to develop 29 recommendations. The consensus process (> 70% agreement) included a three-step modified Delphi method followed by an extensive review process.RESULTS:Sixteen recommendations were developed: training and education for providers (2), drug access (1), prescribing (4), patient and family/caregiver education (3), communication (1), dispensing (3), monitoring for patient adherence and adverse effects (1), and incident reporting (1).CONCLUSION:Through a rigorous methodology, the OPTF derived a robust set of recommendations similar to the ASCO/Oncology Nursing Society and ASCO/National Community Oncology Dispensing Association guidelines, further validating and strengthening the applicability across multiple jurisdictions, including those with decentralized models. Unique aspects in a decentralized model include the need for two pharmacy professionals, with one doing cognitive verification of the script and the other dispensing the medication; moreover, they optimize interprofessional communication between community providers and the cancer center/practice health care team.
The River Araxes in the Roman Poetry
Authors: Babnis Tomasz 
Published: October 2020

The River Araxes In the Roman Poetry
The Araxes flowing through the Armenian Highlands was one of the rivers mentioned quite often in Roman poetry from the Augustan Age up to the 5th century. In line with the traditional tendency of classical literature, the Araxes was usually shown as a pars pro toto of a country, in this case Armenia, which was one of the aims of the Roman eastern policy and the object of rivalry between the Empire and Parthia/Persia. The great majority of references to the Araxes was connected with the theme of Roman expansion in the East (especially with the campaign of Tiberius in 20 BC and later with the Roman-Parthian war 58–63 AD), which can be observed best in the recurrent motif of a bridge across this river, a clear-cut symbol of Roman domination over Armenia and – more generally – over all of the East.
Despandemização: Projeto de Trauma
Authors: Vaz Rafael De Oliveira Lattanzi 
Published: October 2020

A pandemia no Brasil é o projeto de uma angústia coletiva. É o marco fundador de um novo nacionalismo, necessário para preencher a lacuna criada após os últimos anos de vigorosa polarização política. Como peça ideológica, confere nova imagem-identidade ao brasileiro, propagando-se mediante constante, porém sutil, inquietação no senso comum. Enquanto pandemizar foi um movimento de isolamento impulsionador de reflexões e visibilização de fraturas, despandemizar o país é o movimento de inviabilização de cidadanias e o apagamento das rupturas. A pandemia só pôde avançar até o tédio de si impedir o individualismo. O propósito da angústia e do alento à ela pela ilusão da aestesis marca essa cidadania desinformada, guiada pelo dissenso e pelas respostas agressivas condicionadas. Ao final, o thauma da pandemia cede lugar será o da privação de liberdades inexistentes, e não a violência do extermínio silenciado. A única solução para substituição da imoralidade da autoindulgência é uma ética do tempo. O ensaio é breve e constitui-se em peça reflexiva. No decorrer do texto, entremeiam-se relatos em primeira pessoa e discussão filosófica, ilustrando o movimento do filosofar e inquietações de foro íntimo. Os relatos procuram reproduzir os problemas, hipóteses e demais ideias no fluxo em que se situaram.
Kilohertz frame rate snapshot hyperspectral imaging of metal reactive materials
Authors: Alemohammad Milad , Wainwright Elliot R. , Stroud Jasper R. , Weihs Timothy P. , Foster Mark A. 
Published: October 2020

We demonstrate a kilohertz frame rate snapshot hyperspectral imaging
system suitable for high-speed imaging, which we name snapshot
hyperspectral imager for emission and reactions (SHEAR). This system
splits the sensor of a single high-speed camera to simultaneously
capture a conventional image and a spectrally sheared response of the
scene under study. Given the small, point-source-like nature of
burning metal micro-particles, the spectral response of the species is
captured without the need for a slit, as is needed in conventional
imaging spectrometers. We pair robust image registration techniques
with sparse reconstruction algorithms to computationally disentangle
overlapping spectra associated with many burning particles over the
course of a combustion experiment. As a proof-of-concept experiment,
representative physical vapor deposited Al:Zr composite particles are
ignited, and their burn evolution is recorded at a frame rate of 2 kHz
using this method. We demonstrate operation over two distinct
wavelength ranges spanning hundreds of nanometers in wavelength and
with sub-nanometer resolution. We are able to track hundreds of
individual Al:Zr particles in a single high-speed video, providing
ample statistics of burn time, temperature, and AlO emission timing in
a high-throughput method. The demonstrated technology is
high-throughput, flexible in wavelength, inexpensive, and relatively
easy to implement, and provides a much needed tool for in situ composite metal fuel diagnostics.
Natura (nie)odzyskana. Pan Knuta Hamsuna
Authors: Kruszelnicki Michał 
Published: October 2020

The Norwegian novelist Knut Hamsun’s outstanding early novel Pan. From Lieutenant Thomas Glahn’s Papers (1894) is often acknowledged as a manifestation of the specificity and profundity of Hamsun’s perception of nature. Contrary to the prevailing opinion, I argue that the novel’s main protagonist cannot be simply seen as the happily fulfilled “man of nature” for whom he wishes to pass. In a critical dialogue with the post-Romantic interpretations of Pan and drawing on some classic philosophical traditions (i.e. Rousseau, Schiller) as well as the modern Norwegian scholarship, I explore the psychological dimension of Hamsun’s masterpiece and present Glahn as an individual who attempts to erase or at least mystify within a personalized narrative the conflict between the objective world and his subjective perception of reality. This predicament seems essential to understanding Glahn’s character and ipso facto Hamsun’s less obvious position in the philosophical debate on the essence of modernity conceived as “Disenchantment”. By carefully following Glahn’s narratives centered on his experience of nature, I reveal their artificial and simulating character. Such a reading allows me to argue that Hamsun’s Pan concurs in a subtler language of literature with the philosophical acknowledgement, dating back to Rousseau, of the impossibility of the individual’s return to the pre-modern time, as if to the realm of original, transcendental sense and immediacy of our experience of the world. The horizons of the modern – perhaps suffice to say: mature? – historicized and highly reflexive consciousness cannot be transgressed; the Romantic sensitivity, in its naïve search for the authentic experience of nature as a source of the self and the sense, can only regain it in discourse, which amounts to positing nature as a beautiful appearance and thus compensating for one’s dramatic feeling of alienation from nature and being conceived of as a metaphysical “wholeness”.
Z Przewodnika po powieści Słowian Zachodnich (1945-1995)
Authors: Derlatka Tomasz 
Published: October 2020

This article contains a selection of notions from the Guidebook to the Novels of the West Slavs (a working title). The Guidebook is addressed predominantly at researchers involved in comparative studies of the literatures of the West Slavs and it will cover fifty years (1945–1995) of novels written by West Slavic authors: Kashubian, Polish, Slovak (from Slovakia and the so-called Lower Land), Czech as well as Upper and Lower Lusatian, and how they changed. Each entry will consist of a brief presentation of a novel’s content, bibliographical information (the subsequent editions, possible translations; reception in the other languages will be limited exclusively to the West Slavs area), interpretation, a novel’s significance to a writer’s achievements, specific national literature and, finally, the West Slavs’ novels as a whole, a selection (maximum five items) of the most important literature on the subject.
Exponential stability of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation with locally distributed damping on compact Riemannian manifold
Authors: Yang Fengyan , Ning Zhen-Hu , Chen Liangbiao 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we consider the following nonlinear Schrödinger equation:

i

u
t

+

Δ

g

u
+
i
a
(
x
)
u
−

|

u

|

p
−
1

u
=
0

(
x
,
t
)
∈

M

×
(
0
,
+
∞
)
,

u
(
x
,
0
)
=

u
0

(
x
)

x
∈

M

,

$$\begin{array}{}
\displaystyle
\begin{cases}iu_t+{\it\Delta}_g u+ia(x)u-|u|^{p-1}u=0\qquad (x,t)\in \mathcal{M} \times
(0,+\infty),
\cr u(x,0)=u_0(x)\qquad x\in \mathcal{M},\end{cases}
\end{array}$$

(0.1)

where (𝓜, g) is a smooth complete compact Riemannian manifold of dimension n(n = 2, 3) without boundary. For the damping terms −a(x)(1 − Δ)−1a(x)ut
and

i
a
(
x
)
(
−

Δ

)

1
2

a
(
x
)
u
,

$\begin{array}{}
\displaystyle
ia(x)(-{\it\Delta})^{\frac12}a(x)u,
\end{array}$

the exponential stability results of system (0.1) have been proved by Dehman et al. (Math Z 254(4): 729-749, 2006), Laurent. (SIAM J. Math. Anal. 42(2): 785-832, 2010) and Cavalcanti et al. (Math Phys 69(4): 100, 2018). However, from the physical point of view, it would be more important to consider the stability of system (0.1) with the damping term ia(x)u, which is still an open problem. In this paper, we obtain the exponential stability of system (0.1) by Morawetz multipliers in non Euclidean geometries and compactness-uniqueness arguments.
Effects of Solar Activity on Ionospheric Ion Upflow During Geomagnetic Quiet Periods: DMSP Observations
Authors: Fu Shuai , Jiang Yong , Zhang Xiaoping 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Based on the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) observations during Solar Cycle 23, this paper examines solar activity dependence of ionospheric bulk ion upflow events (IUEs) in the Southern Hemisphere (SH). Much previous similar work was conducted over the Northern Hemisphere (NH) with measurements from European Incoherent Scatter (EISCAT). To eliminate the influence of geomagnetic disturbance on IUEs, we pick out observations during geomagnetic quiet periods (with Kp ≤ 2+). Results show that, ion upward densities and fluxes are dramatically elevated at times of high solar activity (HSA) but ion upward drifts and occurrences are increased at times of low solar activity (LSA) in the SH, which is consistent with the situation in the NH. The ratios between HSA and LSA for these four parameters (IUEs’ density, flux, upward drift and occurrence) are ~2.71, ~1.98, ~0.76 and ~0.57, respectively. Furthermore, lower flux event takes place frequently at LSA as the background ion density is low but the upward drift is large, while higher flux event happens commonly at times of HSA accompanied by high ion density but low upward velocity. Quantitatively, an increase in unit of solar activity (characterized by P index) causes a 4.2×108 m−3 increase in ion density and a 1.2×1011 m−2·s−1 enhancement in upward flux, together with a 0.6 m·s−1 and 0.02 % decrease in ion upward velocity and uprate, respectively. The acceleration from the ambipolar electric field is thought to be a possible mechanism affecting the dependence of IUEs on solar variations. For HSA, the acceleration from the ambipolar electric field weakens, but a large number of background ions provide abundant seeds for acceleration and upflow, which maintains a high IUE flux. It is inferred that upflow events and upward drifts are inhibited by the enhanced ionospheric background density.
Linguistic system and sociolinguistic environment as competing factors in linguistic variation: A typological approach
Authors: Sinnemäki Kaius 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis paper brings together typological and sociolinguistic approaches to language variation. Its main aim is to evaluate the relative effect of language internal and external factors on the number of cases in the world’s languages. I model word order as a language internal predictor; it is well-known that, for instance, languages with verb-final word order (that is, languages in which both nominal arguments precede the main lexical verb) tend to develop complex case systems more often than languages with SVO word order do. I model population size and the proportion of second language speakers in the speech community as sociolinguistic predictors; these factors have been suggested recently to influence the distribution of the number of cases in the world’s languages. Modelling the data with generalized linear mixed effects modelling suggests an interaction between the number of cases, word order, and the proportion of second language speakers on the one hand, and between the number of cases, word order, and population size, on the other. This kind of complex interactions have not been previously reported in typological research wherefore they call for more complex explanations than previously suggested for cross-linguistic variation.
Rater variation in pragmatic assessment: The impact of the linguistic background on peer-assessment and self-assessment
Authors: Sonnenburg-Winkler Sunni L. , Eslami Zohreh R. , Derakhshan Ali 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The present study investigates variability among raters from different linguistic backgrounds, who evaluated the pragmatic performance of English language learners with varying native languages (L1s) by using both self- and peer-assessments. To this end, written discourse completion task (WDCT) samples of requesting speech acts from 10 participants were collected. Thereafter, the participants were asked to assess their peers’ WDCTs before assessing their own samples using the same rating scale. The raters were further asked to provide an explanation for their rating decisions. Findings indicate that there may indeed be a link between a rater’s language background and their scoring patterns, although the results regarding peer- and self-assessment are mixed. There are both similarities and differences in the participants’ use of pragmatic norms and social rules in evaluating appropriateness.
On surrounding quasi-contractions on non-triangular metric spaces
Authors: Karapinar Erdal , Khojasteh Farshid , Mitrović Zoran D. , Rakočević Vladimir 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to establish some fixed point results for surrounding quasi-contractions in non-triangular metric spaces. Also, we prove the Banach principle of contraction in non-triangular metric spaces. As applications of our theorems, we deduce certain well-known results in b-metric spaces as corollaries.
Application of CS-CHO-g-PMMA emulsion in paper reinforcement and protection
Authors: Wang Xuemei , Qi Yingping , Wu Fan , Shen Yongfeng , Gao Duanhui , Li Hua 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPaper has a high value of culture, history and scientific research as the cultural carrier of historical inheritance. However, with the passage of time and the change of environment, many paper files are aging and damaged. Therefore, it is of great significance to carry out the protection of paper archives. Chitosan, a natural material, has a good compatibility with paper fibers. In this paper, chitosan (CS) was modified by epoxy cyclohexane (CHO) and methyl methacrylate (MMA) to prepare CS-CHO-g-PMMA emulsion. CS-CHO-g-PMMA was applied to paper protection, and the effects of CS-CHO-g-PMMA on heat aging resistance, reversibility and acid-base resistance were investigated. In order to improve the mechanical strength of paper, CS-CHO-g-PMMA and phosphate ester starch (HPDSP) were blended to determine the optimum ratio. The results showed that the degradation rate of paper sample was slowed down obviously and the coating had certain reversibility. Acid-base resistance experiment showed that CS-CHO-g-PMMA could effectively resisit corrosion of external acid-base to protect the paper. The best combination ratio between CS-CHO-g-PMMA and HPDSP was: m (CS-CHO-g-PMMA): m (HPDSP) = 5:2. Under this compound ratio, the performance indexes of the paper met the requirements, conforming to the “repair as old, keep the original” and other requirements.
Effects of substrate properties and sputtering methods on self-formation of Ag particles on the Ag–Mo(Zr) alloy films
Authors: Sun Haoliang , Lian Xinxin , Huang Xiaoxue , Hui David , Wang Guangxin 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This article studies two different sputtering methods for depositing Ag–Mo and Ag–Zr alloy films on single crystal silicon (Si), flexible polyimide (PI) and soda-lime glass substrates. The phase structure and the surface morphology of the Ag–Mo(Zr) alloy films were characterized by XRD, SEM and EDS. The effects of substrate properties and sputtering methods on the self-grown Ag particles on the Ag–Mo(Zr) alloy films were investigated. As the result of the experiment, nanoscale Ag particles were formed on the surface of Ag–Mo(Zr) alloy films. However, the size and the number of self-formed Ag particles on the Ag–Mo(Zr) alloy film on the PI substrate are significantly different from that on the Si substrate and glass substrate. This outcome is closely related to the different thermal stress evolution behaviors of the alloy films on different substrates during annealing.
Archaeometric Characterization of Obsidian Artifacts at Casa dei Francesi (Ustica Island, Italy) and Clues of a Hidden Prehistoric Settlement
Authors: Martin Franco Foresta , Larocca Felice , Micheletti Francesca , Pallara Mauro , Acquafredda Pasquale 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAt Ustica island (Palermo, Italy), in the area of Casa dei Francesi, 119 fragments of obsidian artifacts were collected on the surface of an agricultural field at an altitude of 50 m asl. In the same area, until now, scientific literature reports only the presence of late Roman pottery (4th–6th centuries AD), and no evidence has appeared that it could be the site of a prehistoric settlement. The most important prehistoric settlement, the Faraglioni Village (Middle Bronze Age) is located 700 m further north, overlooking the sea. Obsidian provenance analyses, performed on the 119 samples with absolutely non-destructive techniques WD-XRF and SEM-EDS, indicate two sources areas: Lipari (93 samples, 78%) and Pantelleria (26 samples, 22%). Concerning the obsidians from the island of Pantelleria, it was possible to also establish the sub-source of Salto la Vecchia. The typological and functional analyses of the 119 obsidian fragments point out that 115 are debitages, some of which show evidence of percussion bulbs, and only 4 are tools with micro-retouching. This work focuses on the geochemical and typological characterization of the obsidian assemblage collected, the characteristics of which suggest the existence of a prehistoric settlement in the area of the Casa dei Francesi or nearby.