bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation versus Immunosuppressive Therapy in Patients with Acquired Severe Aplastic Anemia: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
Authors: Zhang Meng-Xue , Wang Qian , Wang Xiao-Qin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundControversy remains regarding which therapy to initially select for severe aplastic anemia (SAA) patients aged 35-50-years-old. This analysis of cost-effectiveness using a Markov model compared immunosuppressive therapy (IST) with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in age-stratified patients with SAA.MethodsIn younger patients (aged 18-35-years-old), HSCT yielded 22.67 quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), compared with 12.21 QALYs for IST therapy, offering an expected benefit with HSCT of 10.46 QALY.ResultsThe HSCT strategy dominated in younger patients, though it was $146,970 more expensive than IST and the ICER of HSCT to IST was $14,054.19/QALY, which was less than the willingness to pay (WTP) value of $25,397.57/QALY. The IST strategy dominated in older patients because it was $72,009 less expensive than HSCT and yielded 3.24 QALYs more than HSCT. The model was vigorous in the sensitivity analyses of the key variables tested through the plausible ranges that were acquired from costing sources and previously-published literature.ConclusionsThe preferred induction strategy for younger patients with SAA appears to be HSCT and the preferred strategy for older patients is IST, which minimizes cost while maximizing QALYs.
WITHDRAWN: Model of human tongue squamous cell line stably transfected with human papillomavirus（HPV) 16 E6 and E7 genes and biological characteristic analysis
Authors: Lan Zilian , Jia Ziyao , Guo Hengyuan , Yang Zhaoshou , Yang Zifan , Pan Xuan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Human tongue squamous carcinoma cell lines transfected with HPV16E6E7 gene were established to provide a model for further study of HPV16 E6E7-related human tongue squamous carcinoma cell lines .Plasmid pEGFR/HPV16 of E6E7 and plasmid pEGFR/HPV16 of No E6E7 were constructed.Human tongue squamous carcinoma cell lines including SCC9 and SCC15 were infected by liposome transfection and would be highly selected by antibiotic .Fluorescence imaging, RT-PCR and Westernblot were used to detect the expression of HPV16 E6E7 in cells.The biological characteristics of human tongue squamous carcinoma cell lines infected with HPV16 E6E7 were detected by CCK-8 and wound healing assay. The human tongue squamous carcinoma cell lines transfected with HPV16 E6E7 gene were successfully established and identified, and the proliferation and migration ability of the human tongue squamous carcinoma cell lines infected with HPV16 E6E7 gene was significantly stronger than that of the blank group.Human tongue squamous carcinoma cell lines infected with HPV16 E6E7 were more malignant, and their proliferation and migration ability were higher than those not infected with HPV16 E6E7.
An Intelligent Web-Based Decision Support System for Monitoring the Chronic Kidney Disease in Brazilian Communities
Authors: Sobrinho Álvaro , Queiroz Andressa C. M. da S. , Cavalcanti Gyovanne Bezerra , Silva Josaias de Moura , Silva Leandro Dias da , Costa Evandro de Barros , Perkusich Angelo , Pinheiro Maria Eliete 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a worldwide health problem, usually diagnosed in late stages of the disease, increasing public health costs and mortality rates. The late diagnosis is even more critical in developing countries due to the high levels of poverty, a large number of hard-to-reach locations, and sometimes lack/precarious primary care.Methods: We designed and evaluated an intelligent web-based Decision Support System (DSS) using the J48 decision tree machine learning algorithm, knowledge-based system concepts, the clinical document architecture, Cohen's kappa statistic, and interviews with an experienced nephrologist.Results: We provided a DSS methodology, that guided the development of the system to assist patients, primary care physicians, and the government in identifying and monitoring the CKD in Brazilian communities. The system provides remote monitoring features. A CKD dataset enabled the evaluation of the J48 decision tree algorithm, while Cohen's kappa statistic guided the evaluation of the knowledge-based system by interviews with an experienced nephrologist. Conclusion: The DSS facilitates the identification and monitoring of the CKD considering low-income populations in Brazil. In addition, the methodology and DSS can be re-used in other developing countries with similar scenarios. Trial registration: 47350313.9.0000.5013.
The use of mobile phones for the prevention and control of arboviral diseases: a scoping review
Authors: Carrillo Maria Angelica , Kroeger Axel , Sanchez Rocio Cardenas , Monsalve Sonia Diaz , Ranzinger Silvia Runge 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: The rapid expansion of dengue, Zika and chikungunya with large scale outbreaks are an increasing public health concern in many countries. Additionally, the recent coronavirus pandemic urged the need to get connected for fast information transfer and exchange. As response, health programmes have -among other interventions- incorporated digital tools such as mobile phones for supporting the control and prevention of infectious diseases. However, little is known about the benefits of mobile phone technology in terms of input, process and outcome dimensions. The purpose of this scoping review is to analyse the evidence of the use of mobile phones as an intervention tool regarding the performance, acceptance, usability, feasibility, cost and effectiveness in dengue, Zika and chikungunya control programmes.Methods: We conducted a scoping review of studies and reports by systematically searching: i) electronic databases (PubMed, PLOS ONE, PLOS Neglected Tropical Disease, LILACS, WHOLIS, ScienceDirect and Google scholar), ii) grey literature, using Google web and iii) documents in the list of references of the selected papers. Selected studies were categorized using a pre-determined data extraction form. Finally, a narrative summary of the evidence related to general characteristics of available mobile health tools and outcomes was produced. Results: The systematic literature search identified 1289 records, 32 of which met the inclusion criteria and 4 records from the reference lists. A total of 36 studies were included coming from twenty different countries. Five mobile phone services were identified in this review: mobile applications (n = 18), short message services (n=7), camera phone (n = 6), mobile phone tracking data (n = 4), and simple mobile communication (n = 1). Mobile phones were used for surveillance, prevention, diagnosis, and communication demonstrating good performance, acceptance and usability by users, as well as feasibility of mobile phone under real life conditions and effectiveness in terms of contributing to a reduction of vectors/ disease and improving users-oriented behaviour changes. It can be concluded that there are benefits for using mobile phones in the fight against arboviral diseases as well as other epidemic diseases. Further studies particularly on acceptance, cost and effectiveness at scale are recommended.
Career aspirations among specialty residents in France: a cross-sectional gender-based comparison
Authors: Cathelain Alice , Jourdain Mercedes , Cordonnier Charlotte , Jonard Sophie Catteau , Sebbane Deborah , Copin Marie-Christine , Berlingo Laura , Rubod Chrystele , Garabedian Charles 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background – Most studies evaluating career aspirations among gender are issued from Anglo-Saxons countries. Two recent French studies looked at the career choice of residents in obstetrics & gynecology. It seemed useful to us to broaden this questioning to other specialties, by proposing a study to all residents in the same Faculty. The objective of our study was to describe residents career aspirations and possible barriers according to gender.Methods – Declarative cross-sectional survey, using questionnaires sent by email to the specialty residents of the Faculty of Medicine of Lille (France). An analysis by specialty group (i.e. medicine, surgery, obstetrics & gynecology and anesthesia & resuscitation) and a comparison of the results according to gender were performed.Results – Of the 1,384 specialty residents currently in training, 462 answered the questionnaires (33.38%), among whom 289 women and 173 men (average age = 27.08 years +/- 0.091). 17 women (5.9%) were currently considering a university hospital career versus 37 men (21.4%) (p = 0.001).Gender analysis made it possible to identify obstacles to engaging in a university career: lacking female model, more frequent doubting in the ability to lead this type of career among women (61.6%) than men (35.3%) (p <0.001), and gender discrimination felt in the workplace for 51.6% of women (versus 7.5% of men, p <0.001). Subgroup analysis showed specificities related to each specialty.Conclusions – Few residents plan to embark upon a university hospital career, let alone female residents. There are specificities specific to each specialty and marked gender differences regarding career aspirations. Many obstacles have been identified as obstacles to access to university hospital positions for women. It is important to develop strategies to remove these barriers and enable women to pursue such university careers.Trial registration – Not applicable (no intervention)
Collaborative Online Learning in Undergraduate Medical Education: A Scoping Review
Authors: Luk Pauline , Tsang Joyce , Tsoi Hang-Sang , Chan Karina , Chen Julie 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Collaborative online learning is an active learning method that stimulates interaction between learners and teachers and fosters interest and motivation in learning in a virtual learning environment. Aim:The primary aim of this scoping review is to examine the extent and nature of academic publications on collaborative online learning in undergraduate medical education.Methods:We used a standardized framework for conducting scoping reviews to identify suitable publications and to analyze the content. ResultsThirty-six published articles from January 1990-March 2019 met the inclusion criteria. There were 16 interventional studies, 8 reviews, 7 commentaries and 5 survey studies. Most work originated in the UK or the US. These studies found that collaborative online learning demonstrated educational value by personalizing learning to fit individual needs, promoting social interaction and active learning, and helping to build professional networks Connectivity, ease of use, and accessibility were enablers of collaborative online learning while technical challenges were the main barrier. ConclusionThere is a relatively small but promising body of work currently published on collaborative online learning in undergraduate medical education. Further work and innovation in this area may be forthcoming in response to the need for alternatives to traditional learning in times of crisis.
Pelvic Organ Prolapse Surgery and Health-Related Quality of Life: A Follow-up Study.
Authors: Belayneh Tadesse , Gebeyehu Abebaw , Adefris Mulat , Rortveit Guri , Gjerde Janne Lillelid , Awoke Tadesse 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Bothersome descent of pelvic organs impairs health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Patient HRQoL is considered an important outcome of pelvic organ prolapse (POP) surgery. However, it is rarely reported and measures are inadequately used. Thus, studies reporting patient-reported surgical outcomes in low-income contexts are needed. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of prolapse surgery on patient HRQoL and to determine the predictive factors for change in HRQoL. Methods: Two-hundred-fifteen women who had POP stage III or IV were enrolled. Patient underwent vaginal native tissue repair and their HRQoL was evaluated at baseline, 3 and 6 months post-operatively. Subjective outcomes were measured using validated Prolapse Quality of Life (P-QoL-20), Prolapse Symptom Score (POP-SS), Body Image in Prolapse (BIPOP), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), and Patient Global Index of Improvement (PGI-I) tools. Linear mixed-effect model was used to compare pre and postoperative P-QoL scores and investigate potential predictors of the changes in P-QoL scores. Results: In total, 193 (89.7%) patients were eligible for analysis at 3 months, and 185 (86.0%) at 6 months. Participant’s mean age was 49.3±9.4 years. The majority of patients had prolapse stage III (81.9%) and underwent vaginal hysterectomy (55.3%). All domains of P-QoL improved significantly after surgery. Altogether more than 72% of patients reported clinical meaningful improvement in quality of life measured with P-QoL-20. An improvement in POP-SS, BIPOP, and the PHQ-9 scores were also observed during both follow-up assessments. At 6 months after surgery, only 2.7% of patients reported the presence of bulge symptom. A total of 97.8% of patients had reported improvement in comparison to the preoperative state, according to PGI-I. The change in P-QoL score after surgery was associated with the change in POP-SS, PHQ, and BIPOP scores and marital status (p < 0.001). However, age, type of surgery, and prolapse stage were not associated with P-QoL score change. Conclusions: Surgical repair for prolapse effectively improves patient’s HRQoL and patient satisfaction is high. The result could be useful for patient counseling on the expected HRQoL outcomes of surgical treatment. Surgical service should be accessible for patients suffering from POP to improve HRQoL.
Air sampling for detection of infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT) in commercial poultry flocks.
Authors: Brown Lauren , Premaratna Dilhani , Segal Yonatan , Beddoe Travis 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
ObjectiveInfectious laryngotracheitis (ILT) is an acute and highly contagious viral respiratory disease of poultry, caused by gallid herpesvirus 1 (ILTV), which causes significant economic losses. Due to recent outbreaks of ILT in Australia, it has been proposed that ILT could be transmitted between poultry sheds by airborne transmission; however, there has never been direct detection of ILTV from air samples. We aimed to optimize a sampling system for the detection of airborne ILTV in poultry sheds.ResultsPoultry farms with a known outbreaks of ILT were used for detection of airborne ILTV. Infected chickens were verified by detection of ILTV nucleic acid in feather shafts with all farms being positive. Using a liquid cyclonic impinging device, it was found that recovery and detection of airborne ILTV was possible in alkaline PEG buffer. Additional sampling was performed at different heights to determine the presence of ILTV in the air. In farm 3, all three air samples at both heights were positive for ILTV while at farm 2 only one sample at 45cm was positive. We envisaged in the future air sampling will be able to detect and track potential transmission of ILTV both inside and outside of the poultry shed.
The association between obesity and weight loss after bariatric surgery on the vaginal microbiota
Authors: Raglan Olivia , MacIntyre David A. , Mitra Anita , Lee Yun S. , Smith Ann , Assi Nada , Nautiyal Jaya , Purkayastha Sanjay , Gunter Marc J , Gabra Hani , Marchesi Julian R. , Bennett Phillip R. , Kyrgiou Maria 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Obesity and vaginal microbiome (VMB) dysbiosis are each risk factors for adverse reproductive and oncological health outcomes in women. Here we investigated the relationship between obesity, vaginal bacterial composition, local inflammation and bariatric surgery.Methods: Vaginal bacterial composition assessed by high-throughput sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA genes and local cytokine levels measured using a multiplexed Magnetic Luminex Screening Assay were compared between 67 obese and 42 non-obese women. We further assessed temporal changes in the microbiota and cytokines in a subset of 27 women who underwent bariatric surgery. Results: The bacterial component of the vaginal microbiota in obese women was characterised by a lower prevalence of a Lactobacillus-dominant VMB and higher prevalence of a high diversity (Lactobacillus spp., and Gardnerella- spp. depleted) VMB, compared with non-obese subjects (p<0.001). Obese women had higher relative abundance of Dialister species (p<0.001), Anaerococcus vaginalis (p=0.021) and Prevotella timonensis (p=0.020) and decreased relative abundance of Lactobacillus crispatus (p=0.014). Local vaginal IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IFNγ, MIP-1α, and TNFα levels were all higher among obese women, however only IL-1β and IL-8 correlated with VMB species diversity. In a subset of obese women undergoing bariatric surgery, there were no significant overall differences in VMB following surgery, however 75% of these women remained obese at six months. Prior to surgery there was no relationship between body mass index (BMI) and VMB structure, however post-surgery women with a Lactobacillus-dominant VMB had a significantly lower BMI than those with a high diversity VMB.Conclusions: Obese women have a significantly different vaginal microbiota composition with increased levels of local inflammation compared to non-obese women. Bariatric surgery does not change the VMB, however, those with the greatest weight loss six-months post-surgery are most likely to have a Lactobacillus-dominant VMB.
Immunological analysis and differential genes screening of venous thromboembolism
Authors: Gao Lina , Li Qiang , Xie Jianqin , Yang Wanxia , You Chongge 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Purpose: To explore the pathogenesis of venous thromboembolism (VTE) and provide bioinformatics basis for the prevention and treatment of VTE. Methods: The R software was used to obtain the gene expression profile data of GSE19151, combining with the CIBERSORT database, obtain immune cells and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of blood samples of VTE patients and normal control, and analyze DEGs for GO analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis. Then, the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed by using the STRING database, the key genes (hub genes) and immune differential genes were screened by Cytoscape software, and the transcription factors (TFs) regulating hub genes and immune differential genes were analyzed by the NetworkAnalyst database. Results: Compared with the normal group, monocytes and resting mast cells were significantly expressed in the VTE group, while regulatory T cells were significantly lower. Ribosomes were closely related to the occurrence of VTE. 10 hub genes and immune differential genes were highly expressed in VTE. MYC, SOX2, XRN2, E2F1, SPI1, CREM and CREB1 can regulate the expressions of hub genes and immune differential genes. Conclusions: Ribosomal protein family genes are most relevant to the occurrence and development of VTE, and the immune differential genes may be the key molecules of VTE, which provides new ideas for further explore the pathogenesis of VTE.
Validation of a three-item Fatigue Severity Scale for patients with substance use disorder: a cohort study from Norway for the period 2016-2020
Authors: Vold Jørn Henrik , Gjestad Rolf , Aas Christer , Meland Eivind , Johansson Kjell Arne , Fadnes Lars Thore 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
Little attention has been paid to customising fatigue questionnaires for patients with Substance Use Disorders (SUDs). The present study aims to validate and shorten the nine-item Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS-9) and Visual Analogue Fatigue Scale (VAFS) for use with this population.
Methods
We used data from a nested cohort with annual health assessments with responses on the FSS-9 and VAFS. During the period 2016–2020, 917 health assessments were collected from 655 patients with SUD in Bergen and Stavanger, Norway. A total of 225 patients answered the health assessment at least twice. We defined baseline as the first annual health assessment when the health assessments were sorted chronologically per patient. We checked for internal consistency, and we used longitudinal confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and linear mixed model (LMM) analysis to validate and shorten the FSS-9 and VAFS.
Results
The internal consistency of the FSS-9 was excellent with a Cronbach’s α of 0.94 at baseline and 0.93 at the second annual health assessment. When shortening the FSS-9 to a three-item FSS (FSS-3, items 5–7), the Cronbach’s α was 0.87 at baseline and 0.84 at the second health assessment. The internal consistency was not affected when the VAFS was added to the FSS-9 and the FSS-3. The longitudinal CFA model showed a well-fitting model for the FSS-3 (χ2 = 13.33, degree of freedom = 8, P = 0.101). The LMM analysis showed equal linear changes at the individual level for the FSS-3 (slope: 0.00, P > 0.05) and FSS-9 (slope: 0.01, P > 0.05) between the health assessments.
Conclusion
The ten items (FSS-9 plus VAFS) could be shortened to a three-item FSS with high validity and reliability for patients with SUDs. Shortened and validated fatigue scales may be a way to ensure reliable results in this population.
Generalised Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of 159 Health Interventions for the Ethiopian Essential Health Service Package
Authors: Eregata Getachew Teshome , Hailu Alemayehu , Stenberg Karin , Johansson Kjell Arne , Norheim Ole Frithjof , Bertram Melanie Y 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Cost effectiveness was a criterion used to revise Ethiopia’s essential health service package (EHSP) in 2019. However, there are few cost-effectiveness studies from Ethiopia or directly transferable evidence from other low-income countries to inform a comprehensive revision of the Ethiopian EHSP. Therefore, this paper reports average cost-effectiveness ratios (ACERs) of 159 health interventions used in the revision of Ethiopia’s EHSP. Methods: In this study, we estimate ACERs for 77 interventions on reproductive maternal neonatal and child health (RMNCH), infectious diseases and water sanitation and hygiene as well as for 82 interventions on non-communicable diseases. We used the standardised World Health Organization (WHO) CHOosing Interventions that are Cost Effective methodology (CHOICE) for generalised cost-effectiveness analysis. The health benefits of interventions were determined using a population state-transition model, which simulates the Ethiopian population, accounting for births, deaths and disease epidemiology. Healthy life years (HLYs) gained was employed as a measure of health benefits. We estimated the economic costs of interventions from the health system perspective, including programme overhead and training costs. We used the Spectrum generalised cost-effectiveness analysis tool for data analysis. We did not explicitly apply cost-effectiveness thresholds, but we used US$100 and $1,000 as references to summarise and present the ACER results. Results: We found ACERs ranging from less than US$1 per HLY gained (for family planning) to about US$48,000 per HLY gained (for treatment of stage 4 colorectal cancer). In general, 75% of the interventions evaluated had ACERs of less than US$1,000 per HLY gained. The vast majority (95%) of RMNCH and infectious disease interventions had an ACER of less than US$1,000 per HLY while almost half (44%) of non-communicable disease interventions had an ACER greater than US$1,000 per HLY. Conclusion: The present study shows that several potential cost-effective interventions are available that could substantially reduce Ethiopia’s disease burden if scaled up. The use of the World Health Organization’s generalised cost-effectiveness analysis tool allowed us to rapidly calculate country-specific cost-effectiveness analysis values for 159 health interventions under consideration for Ethiopia’s EHSP.