bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using theatre as an arts-based knowledge translation strategy for health-related information: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Hall Amanda , Furlong Bradley , Pike Andrea , Logan Gabrielle , Lawrence Rebecca , Ryan Alexandra , Etchegary Holly , Hennessey Todd , Toomey Elaine 
Published: October 2019

IntroductionSubstantial delays in translating evidence to practice mean that many beneficial and vital advances in medical care are not being used in a timely manner. Traditional knowledge translation (KT) strategies have tended to target academics by disseminating findings in academic journals and at scientific conferences. Alternative strategies, such as theatre-based KT, appear to be effective at targeting broader audiences. The purpose of this scoping review is to collate and understand the current state of science on the use of theatre as a KT strategy. This will allow us to identify gaps in literature, determine the need for a systematic review and develop additional research questions to advance the field.Methods and analysisThis review will follow established scoping review methods outlined by Arksey and O’Malley in conjunction with enhanced recommendations made by Levacet al. The search strategy, guided by an experienced librarian, will be conducted in PubMed, CINHAL and OVID. Study selection will consist of three stages: (1) initial title and abstract scan by one author to remove irrelevant articles and create a shortlist for double screening, (2) title and abstract scan by two authors, and (3) full-text review by two authors. Included studies will report specifically on the use of theatre as means of KT of health-related information to any target population. Two reviewers will independently extract and chart the data using a standardised data extraction form. Descriptive statistics will be used to produce numerical summaries related to study characteristics, KT strategy characteristics and evaluation characteristics. For those studies that included an evaluation of the theatre production as a KT strategy, we will synthesise the data according to outcome.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval was not required for this study. Results will be published in relevant journals, presented at conferences and distributed via social media.
Psychosocial and sexual factors associated with recent sexual health clinic attendance and HIV testing among trans people in the UK
Authors: Hibbert Matthew Peter , Wolton Aedan , Weeks Harri , Ross Michelle , Brett Caroline E , Porcellato Lorna A , Hope Vivian D 
Published: October 2019

ObjectivesTrans people remain an understudied population in the UK, with unmet sexual health needs. The aim of this research was to identify possible barriers and facilitators for sexual health clinic attendance and HIV testing among trans people.MethodsLesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) participants from across the UK were invited to take part in a cross-sectional online survey through Facebook advertising (April–June 2018). Psychosocial and sexual factors associated with recent sexual health clinic attendance, and ever having an HIV test were examined using multivariate logistic regression.ResultsA total of 3007 cisgender and 500 trans participants completed the survey. Trans participants were less likely to attend a sexual health clinic than cisgender participants (27% vs 36%, p<0.001) and report ever having an HIV test (49% vs 64%, p<0.001). One trans participant reported living with HIV and three reported currently taking pre-exposure prophylaxis. Factors associated with trans sexual health clinic attendance were: living in London, having a relationship with multiple partners, engaging in condomless anal intercourse, greater life satisfaction, and having alcohol and/or drugs before sex. Being a person of colour, aged 25–49 years, in a relationship with multiple partners, condomless anal intercourse, lower body dissatisfaction, and having drugs before sex were associated with ever having an HIV test among trans participants.ConclusionsTrans people were less likely to attend sexual health services than cisgender people, and half of trans participants who reported condomless anal intercourse had never had an HIV test. Further research is needed to understand and improve uptake of sexual health services among trans people.
The use of a stronger instructional design by implementing repetitive practice in simulation-based obstetric team training: trainees’ satisfaction
Authors: van Tetering Anne A C , Fransen Annemarie F , van der Hout-van der Jagt M Beatrijs , Oei S Guid 
Published: October 2019

ObjectiveThis study compares satisfaction levels from multiprofessional obstetric care teams about simulation-based obstetric team training courses with and without the instructional design feature repetitive practice.MethodsThe present study is part of a multicentre cluster-randomised controlled trial (TOSTI trial) that investigated the effectiveness of a 1 day, multiprofessional, simulation-based obstetric team training. The initial training group received a training which was designed based on best practice. After 1 year, the control group received a training course in which the instructional design was changed by providing repetitive practice. All participants were asked to fill in a 29-item evaluation form with seven questions about baseline characteristics and 22 questions about training features. The questions about training features could be rated on a scale of 1 to 5. Finally, all participants were asked to rate the total training day on a scale of 1–10.ResultsThe best practice group consisted of 471 trainees and the repetitive practice group of 549, including gynaecologists, residents, midwives and nurses. The best practice group rated the total training day significantly higher than the repetitive practice group (mean 8.8, SD 0.6 and mean 8.7, SD 0.6; p<0.003, Cohen’s d=0.19). Several training features were also scored higher in the best practice group.ConclusionThis study showed that obstetric healthcare professionals rated a simulation-based obstetric team training course, with and without repetition of scenarios, both high. The training without the repetitive elements gained higher scores for the total training dayand several, and several training features were scored higher. The difference between the mean scores and the effect sizes for the training features were small. This implies that repetitive practice can be integrated in simulation-based team training to optimise learning effects, with small effects on trainees satisfaction.
Initial focused assessment with sonography in trauma versus initial CT for patients with haemodynamically stable torso trauma
Authors: Kondo Yutaka , Ohbe Hiroyuki , Yasunaga Hideo , Tanaka Hiroshi 
Published: October 2019

ObjectiveFocused assessment with sonography in trauma (FAST) examination is a widely known initial evaluation for patients with trauma. However, it remains unclear whether FAST contributes to patient survival in patients with haemodynamically stable trauma. In this study, we compared in-hospital mortality and length of stay between patients undergoing initial FAST vs initial CT for haemodynamically stable torso trauma.MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study using data from 264 major emergency hospitals in the Japan Trauma Data Bank between 2004 and 2016. Patients were included if they had torso trauma with a chest or abdomen abbreviated injury scale score of ≥3 and systolic blood pressure of ≥100 mm Hg at hospital arrival. Eligible patients were divided into those who underwent initial FAST and those who underwent initial CT. Multivariable logistic regression analysis for in-hospital mortality and multivariable linear regression for length of stay were performed to compare the initial FAST and initial CT groups with adjustment for patient backgrounds while also adjusting for within-hospital clustering using a generalised estimating equation.ResultsThere were 9942 patients; 8558 underwent initial FAST and 1384 underwent initial CT. Multivariable logistic regression showed no significant difference in in-hospital mortality between the initial FAST and initial CT groups (OR 1.37, 95% CI 0.94 to 1.99, p=0.10). Multivariable linear regression revealed that the initial FAST group had a significantly longer length of stay than the initial CT group (difference: 3.5 days; 95% CI 1.0 to 5.9, p<0.01).ConclusionsIn-hospital mortality was not significantly different between the initial FAST and initial CT groups for patients with haemodynamically stable torso trauma. Initial CT should be considered in patients with haemodynamically stable torso trauma.
Childhood pneumonia, pleurisy and lung function: a cohort study from the first to sixth decade of life
Authors: Perret Jennifer L , Lodge Caroline J , Lowe Adrian J , Johns David P , Thompson Bruce R , Bui Dinh S , Gurrin Lyle C , Matheson Melanie C , McDonald Christine F , Wood-Baker Richard , Svanes Cecilie , Thomas Paul S , Giles Graham G , Chang Anne B , Abramson Michael J , Walters E Haydn , Dharmage Shyamali C 
Published: October 2019

IntroductionAdult spirometry following community-acquired childhood pneumonia has variably been reported as showing obstructive or non-obstructive deficits. We analysed associations between doctor-diagnosed childhood pneumonia/pleurisy and more comprehensive lung function in a middle-aged general population cohort born in 1961.MethodsData were from the prospective population-based Tasmanian Longitudinal Health Study cohort. Analysed lung function was from ages 7 years (prebronchodilator spirometry only, n=7097), 45 years (postbronchodilator spirometry, carbon monoxide transfer factor and static lung volumes, n=1220) and 53 years (postbronchodilator spirometry and transfer factor, n=2485). Parent-recalled histories of doctor-diagnosed childhood pneumonia and/or pleurisy were recorded at age 7. Multivariable linear and logistic regression were used.ResultsAt age 7, compared with no episodes, childhood pneumonia/pleurisy-ever was associated with reduced FEV1:FVC for only those with current asthma (beta-coefficient or change in z-score=−0.20 SD, 95% CI −0.38 to –0.02, p=0.028, p interaction=0.036). At age 45, for all participants, childhood pneumonia/pleurisy-ever was associated with a restrictive pattern: OR 3.02 (1.5 to 6.0), p=0.002 for spirometric restriction (FVC less than the lower limit of normal plus FEV1:FVC greater than the lower limit of normal); total lung capacity z-score −0.26 SD (95% CI −0.38 to –0.13), p<0.001; functional residual capacity −0.16 SD (−0.34 to –0.08), p=0.001; and residual volume −0.18 SD (−0.31 to –0.05), p=0.008. Reduced lung volumes were accompanied by increased carbon monoxide transfer coefficient at both time points (z-score +0.29 SD (0.11 to 0.49), p=0.001 and +0.17 SD (0.04 to 0.29), p=0.008, respectively).DiscussionFor this community-based population, doctor-diagnosed childhood pneumonia and/or pleurisy were associated with obstructed lung function at age 7 for children who had current asthma symptoms, but with evidence of ‘smaller lungs’ when in middle age.
Physical attributes of soil under amazon forest conversion for different crop systems in southern Amazonas, Brazil
Authors: de Souza Fernando Gomes , Campos Milton César Costa , de Brito Filho Elilson Gomes , da Cunha José Maurício , de Lima Alan Ferreira Leite , Sales Maria Clécia Gomes , dos Santos Luís Antônio Coutrim 
Published: October 2019

The conversion of forested areas into cropping systems modifies the soil physical attributes and affects the environmental and economic sustainability of agricultural activity. Thus, this work aimed to evaluate the modifications caused in the physical attributes of the soil in the area of guarana, cupuacu, and annatto compared with forest area in southern Amazonas. In the areas of forest and guarana meshes of 90 m × 70 m and regular spacing between the sampling points of 10 m × 10 m, in the area of annatto meshes of 90 m × 56 m and spacing of 10 m × 8 m, for cupuacu meshes of 54 m × 42 m, with spacing between the sampling points of 6 m × 6 m. The samples were collected in the depths of 0.00–0.05, 0.05–0.10, and 0.10–0.20 m, with 80 sampling points in each area, making 960 samples in the four areas. The cupuacu area most closely resembled the most diverse aspects of soil physical attributes with the forest area, and this was noticeable through the averaging test along with the principal component analysis, thus indicating that this crop is the least harmful to the studied soil, as well as the adopted systems of cultivation cause modifications mostly superficially, being these modifications little noticeable in layers superior to 10 cm.
Hyperchaos in Wilson–Cowan oscillator circuits
Authors: Wilson Hugh R. 
Published: October 2019

The Wilson–Cowan equations were originally shown to produce limit cycle oscillations for a range of parameters. Others subsequently showed that two coupled Wilson–Cowan oscillators could produce chaos, especially if the oscillator coupling was from inhibitory interneurons of one oscillator to excitatory neurons of the other. Here this is extended to show that chains, grids, and sparse networks of Wilson–Cowan oscillators generate hyperchaos with linearly increasing complexity as the number of oscillators increases. As there is now evidence that humans can voluntarily generate hyperchaotic visuomotor sequences, these results are particularly relevant to the unpredictability of a range of human behaviors. These also include incipient senescence in aging, effects of concussive brain injuries, autism, and perhaps also intelligence and creativity. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This paper represents an exploration of hyperchaos in coupled Wilson–Cowan equations. Results show that hyperchaos (number of positive Lyapunov exponents) grows linearly with the number of oscillators in the array and leads to high levels of unpredictability in the neural response.
A Reconsideration of the Leilou – Longbian Debate: A Continuation of Research by Nishimura Masanari
Authors: Phạm Lê Huy 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In 111 bce, the Han Dynasty destroyed the Nanyue Kingdom and put the region under the Jiaozhi Commandery. The headquarters of the Jiaozhi Commandery was originally Miling, but was later moved to Leilou and then to Longbian. There have been many hypotheses regarding the location of Leilou and Longbian. In particular, many scholars have identified the remains of the old citadel (Lũng Khê Citadel) located in Thuận Thành District (Bắc Ninh, Vietnam) with the Leilou Citadel. Based on archaeological evidence, the late Dr. Nishimura Masanari advanced a new hypothesis that these remains were not the citadel of Leilou, but that of Longbian. This article will review historical documents about Leilou and Longbian and introduce two inscriptions recently discovered in Bắc Ninh Province to provide further support for Nishimura’s hypothesis.
When Is a Temporary Migrant Not a Temporary Migrant? Patrick Manning’s Relational World History Approach Applied to Interwar British Malaya
Authors: Trimmer Tiffany 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Discussion of Patrick Manning’s legacy as a world historian must include the way he taught us to write historical narratives that not only shift between the perspectives of diverse individuals and interest groups, but also bring those perspectives into conversation with each other. This relational world history-writing methodology requires analysis of both local, transregional, and global historical forces and the experiences of people who tried to deploy or resist those forces. In the spirit of Manning’s approach, this article highlights how competing narratives about emigration from Britain and the Indian subcontinent to British Malaya from the 1920s until 1940 can be understood more clearly by demonstrating how three interest groups defined their relationship to the colony’s Malayan Indian population. Analyzing this contested discourse among British civil servants, Indian immigrant community representatives, and individuals trying to rally the Indians Overseas labor diaspora illustrates the kinds of circumstances that had the potential to promote or constrain meaningful social change for Indian-born and Indian-descended settlers in Malaya.
Cul-de-sac to the West: Human Rights and Hypocrisy between Turkey and Europe in the 1980s
Authors: Sherry Bennett G. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In the 1980s, over a million Iranian asylum seekers transited through Turkey on their way west, most moving through irregular migration channels. While much has been made of Turkey’s evolving role in more recent refugee crises, this literature neglects the importance of the 1980s Iranian refugee migrations in shaping the global refugee system. By connecting the story of the international human rights movement to the Ankara office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), this paper emphasizes the role of non-state actors. Based on research in the archives of the UNHCR, this paper argues that the UNHCR and Amnesty International used human rights as a tool to pressure Turkey to open its doors to Iranian refugees in the early 1980s, and that this tactic backfired when the West closed its own doors on refugees later in the decade. The result was the increased forcible return of refugees by Turkish authorities to Iran and newly restrictive asylum policies, which would shape refugee migrations through Turkey for decades. For millions of refugees, Turkey has served as transit hub on their journey west; in the 1980s, human rights hypocrisy made it a cul-de-sac.
Rewriting World History in the Classroom: Pedagogical Dispatches from India
Authors: Vaidik Aparna , Kelly Gwendolyn 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In this paper we examine some of the problems of world historical frames especially as they are made manifest in the classroom, and we show how we designed a course to resist and avoid reproducing Eurocentrism and other biases. We reject frameworks that insist on focusing solely on connectivities, entanglements, braidedness, and “Big History.” Drawing pedagogical and intellectual inspiration from the writings of Paulo Freire, Ivan Illich, John Holt, and Rudolf Steiner, we make a case for widening the scope of world history by insisting that it take on board the ruptures, dissonances, and messiness of a human past that defies easy cataloguing and facile connectivities. We centered the course around developing students’ understanding of how history is constructed and written, including how we can construct, write, and teach many possible narratives of world history. We argue that a course taught in such a way can be a vehicle for deepening human understanding, for decolonizing thought, and for helping students understand and articulate their position in the world.
<p><strong><em>Aspidistra</em></strong><strong> <em>micrantha </em>(Asparagaceae, Nolinoideae), a new species from Vietnam with unusually small flowers</strong></p>
Authors: VISLOBOKOV NIKOLAY A. , NURALIEV MAXIM S. , KUZNETSOV ANDREY N. , KUZNETSOVA SVETLANA P. 
Published: October 2019

Aspidistra micrantha is described and illustrated as a new species from southern Vietnam (Quang Nam province, Song Thanh Nature Reserve). The new species has globoid flowers, which are the smallest within the genus Aspidistra. In floral structure, the closest species to A. micrantha is A. urceolata, which is endemic to the Guizhou province of China, but strongly differs from the latter in some morphological features of the rhizome, leaves and position of anthers.
Spatial Distribution and Seasonality of Halocline Structures in the Subarctic North Pacific
Authors: Katsura Shota , Ueno Hiromichi , Mitsudera Humio , Kouketsu Shinya 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe spatial distribution and seasonality of halocline structures in the subarctic North Pacific (SNP) were investigated using Argo profiling float data and various surface flux data collected in 2003–17. The permanent halocline (PH) showed zonal patterns in the spatial distributions of its depth and intensity and tended to be shallow and strong in the eastern SNP but deep and weak in the west. Mean distributions of PH depth and intensity corresponded to the winter mixed layer depth and sea surface salinity, respectively, indicating that it forms in association with the development of the winter mixed layer. In the Western Subarctic Gyre and Alaskan Gyre, where a relatively strong PH formed, PH intensity and depth showed clear seasonal variations, and deepening of the mixed layer compressed the underlying PH during the cooling period, resulting in intensification and development of the PH in late winter. In both regions, upwelling of high-salinity water also contributed to PH intensification. The summer seasonal halocline (SH) showed distinct zonal differences in frequency and intensity, which were opposite to the PH distribution. While an SH formed in the western and central SNP and coastal regions, it was seldom present in the eastern area. This zonal contrast of SH corresponded to freshening of the mixed layer during the warming period, primarily reflecting freshwater flux. Geostrophic and Ekman advection play important roles in spatial differences in SH intensity and depth. SH development contributed to PH intensification in the following winter, by decreasing salinity above the PH through entrainment.
Tree-Ring Reconstruction of Single-Day Precipitation Totals over Eastern Colorado
Authors: Howard Ian M. , Stahle David W. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Mean daily to monthly precipitation averages peak in late July over eastern Colorado and some of the most damaging Front Range flash floods have occurred because of extreme 1-day rainfall events during this period. Tree-ring chronologies of adjusted latewood width in ponderosa pine from eastern Colorado are highly correlated with the highest 1-day rainfall totals occurring during this 2-week precipitation maximum in late July. A regional average of four adjusted latewood chronologies from eastern Colorado was used to reconstruct the single wettest day observed during the last two weeks of July. The regional chronology was calibrated with the CPC 0.25° × 0.25° Daily U.S. Unified Gauge-Based Analysis of Precipitation dataset and explains 65% of the variance in the highest 1-day late July precipitation totals in the instrumental data from 1948 to 1997. The reconstruction and instrumental data extend fully from 1779 to 2019 and indicate that the frequency of 1-day rainfall extremes in late July has increased since the late eighteenth century. The largest instrumental and reconstructed 1-day precipitation extremes are most commonly associated with the intrusion of a major frontal system into a deep layer of atmospheric moisture across eastern Colorado. These general synoptic conditions have been previously linked to extreme localized rainfall totals and widespread thunderstorm activity over Colorado during the summer season. Chronologies of adjusted latewood width in semiarid eastern Colorado constitute a proxy of weather time-scale rainfall events useful for investigations of long-term variability and for framing natural and potential anthropogenic forcing of precipitation extremes during this 2-week precipitation maximum in a long historical perspective.