bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ghrelin and orexin levels in infertile male: evaluation of effects on varicocele pathophysiology, relationship seminal and hormonal parameter
Authors: Kısa Üçler , Başar M. Murad , Şipal Timuçin , Ceylan Özlem Doğan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Objective
The aim of the present study was to investigate serum ghrelin and orexin levels in patients with varicocele and compare these levels with idiopathic infertile male and healthy control cases.

Methods
This study enrolled 24 men with varicocele, 24 males having idiopathic infertility, and 21 fertile men as the control group. Hormonal analyses, ghrelin and orexin levels were measured samples. Semen was analyzed after 3 and 5 days of sexual abstinence.

Results
Serum ghrelin levels were statistically different among the three groups (p=0.015), and it was due to a statistically lower level in group-1 than the level in the control cases (p=0.012). On the other hand, serum orexin levels were lower than healthy subjects in infertile groups with/without varicocele, but there was no difference (p=0.685) among three groups. Serum ghrelin level showed a negative and significant correlation only with sperm motility (r=−0.646, p=0.022), there was no correlation with other parameters. On the other hand, serum orexin levels did not show a significant correlation with seminal parameters.

Conclusion
Both new investigated peptides ghrelin and orexin have regulatory effects on testicular function. However, ghrelin has a more obvious and complex effect on spermatogenesis. Impaired seminal parameters, especially motility was associated with increased serum ghrelin levels in infertile patients, especially with varicocele.
Grammatik der Narration
Authors: Zeman Sonja 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIs there a ‚narrative syntax‘, i. e. a special grammar restricted to narrative fiction? Starting from this question which has been investigated since early structuralism, the paper focusses on grammatical characteristics of narrative discourse mode and their implications for a linguistic theory of narration. Its goal is two-fold: In a first step, the traditional accounts by Benveniste, Hamburger, Kuroda and recent typological studies are brought together in order to support the claim that the distinction between narrative and non-narrative discourse mode is a fundamental one that has consequences for the use of grammar. In a second step, I discuss three central questions within the intersection between narrative micro- and macro-structures, namely (i) the definition of narrativity, (ii) the status of the narrator, and (iii) the relation between narration and fictionality. In sum, the article argues that investigations on the ‘grammar of narration’ do not just offer insights into a specific text configuration next to others, but are deeply linked to fundamental theoretical questions concerning the architecture of language – and that the comparison between linguistic and narratological categories offers a potential for addressing them.
Obesity Risk Among West Point Graduates Later in Life
Authors: Szivak Tunde K. , Thomas Melissa M. , Pietrzak Robert H. , Nguyen Dana R. , Ryan Diane M. , Mazure Carolyn M. 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT
Szivak, TK, Thomas, MM, Pietrzak, RH, Nguyen, DR, Ryan, DM, and Mazure, CM. Obesity Risk Among West Point Graduates Later in Life. J Strength Cond Res 37(6): 1284–1291, 2023—The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate sex differences in health and fitness outcomes among United States Military Academy (USMA) graduates (class years 1980–2011). Subjects (n = 701 men, 641 women, age: 45.7 ± 9.3 years) were surveyed as a part of a larger investigation on risk and resiliency factors among USMA graduates. Physical activity was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) short form and calculation of weekly metabolic equivalents (METs). Overweight and obesity status were assessed by body mass index (BMI). Significance for the study was set at p ≤ 0.05. Obesity rates for men (30.1%) were significantly higher than for women (16.6%). Men reported significantly higher (p = 0.01) vigorous METs·wk−1 (1,214.6 ± 1,171.6) than women (1,046.8 ± 1,133.2) despite significantly higher (p = 0.00) BMI values (28.75 ± 4.53 kg·m−2) than women (25.90 ± 5.48 kg·m−2). Women were 89% more likely to have ever been on a diet and reported higher (15.2%) Army Body Composition Program enrollment rates than men (6.3%). Obesity rates among men reflect trends seen in the broader military, Veteran, and U.S. adult populations, whereas obesity rates among women were lower. Men may be at a greater risk for obesity later in life despite higher self-reported physical activity; however, lean body mass and self-report bias should be considered. Because lifetime obesity may be influenced by factors other than physical activity, health initiatives should use a comprehensive approach early in the career of military officers.
Ergogenic and Physiological Outcomes Derived From a Novel Skin Cooling Device
Authors: Gray William D. , Jett David M. , Cocco Adam R. , Vanhoover Alexandria C. , Colborn Chris E. , Pantalos George M. , Stumbo Jessica , Quesada Peter M. , Caruso John F. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Gray, WD, Jett, DM, Cocco, AR, Vanhoover, AC, Colborn, CE, Pantalos, GM, Stumbo, J, Quesada, PM, and Caruso, JF. Ergogenic and physiological outcomes derived from a novel skin cooling device. J Strength Cond Res 35(2): 391–403, 2021—Our study's purpose assessed a cooling headband's ergogenic and physiological impacts. Subjects (15 women and 13 men) completed six visits; the final 3 entailed rowing workouts with the following treatment conditions: no head cooling (NoHC), intermittent head cooling during exercise (HCex), and intermittent head cooling during exercise and post-exercise recovery (HCex&post). Data collection occurred at the following times (a) pre-exercise and post–warm-up, (b) between stages of up to eight 2-minute bouts, and (c) at 5, 10, 15, and 20 minutes post-exercise. In addition to distance rowed, thermal, cardiovascular, perceptual, and metabolic measurements were obtained. Results included a small yet significant intertreatment difference (HCex, HCex&post > NoHC) for distance rowed. Our cardiovascular and metabolic indices exhibited sex and time differences but likely did not contribute to the ergogenic effect. Yet, left hand temperatures (LHT) exhibited significant 2-way and 3-way interactions that were the likely source of the ergogenic effect. Auditory canal temperature (AUDT) results suggest the head is sensitive to heat increases, yet LHT data show headband use evoked significantly greater temperature increases at the hand's palmar surface, indicative of heat transfer. We conclude, and our practical applications suggest, the headband's ergogenic effect was manifested by cold-induced vasodilation at the hand's palmar surface, rather than heat losses through the head.
Helicobacter pylori infection is associated with anemia, weight loss or both conditions among Bulgarian children
Authors: Boyanova Lyudmila , Hadzhiyski Petyo 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSome studies suggested an association between Helicobacter pylori infection and iron-deficiency anemia, however, the link between weight loss and the infection in childhood remains non-established. In a retrospective cohort study, we compared H. pylori positivity rates of Bulgarian children without or with anemia (47 children in each group) or weight loss (45 children in each group) and both conditions (17 children in each group). H. pylori infection was associated with the presence of anemia (in 76.6% of the anemic vs. 21.3% of the non-anemic patients, P < 0.0001) and weight loss (in 82.2% of the patients vs. 17.8% of the control children, P < 0.0001). All 17 patients with both conditions were H. pylori positive. Relative risk of anemia, weight loss and both conditions was 3.6 (95% CI, 2.0–6.4), 4.6 (95% CI, 2.4–8.8) and 5.7 (95% CI, 2.0–15.8), respectively, in the children with H. pylori infection. In conclusion, H. pylori infection was significantly associated with iron-deficiency anemia or/and weight loss in Bulgarian pediatric patients. Therefore, diagnostics and treatment of the infection as well as a proper control of the eradication success can be beneficial and thus, can be recommended for children with those conditions.
Combination of chronic myocarditis and progressive coronary artery disease: differential diagnosis and stepwise treatment
Authors: Lutokhina Yu. A. , Blagova O. V. , Sedov V. P. , Zaidenov V. A. , Nedostup A. V. 
Published: December 2020

Aim. To assess the differential diagnosis in a patient with a combination of coronary artery disease and myocarditis and the results of stepwise treatment (including immunosuppressive therapy (IST), and coronary stenting).Material and methods. A 56-year-old female patient with hypertension, obesity (body mass index, 31,6 kg/m2), diabetes and psoriasis developed shortness of breath after a respiratory viral infection. Primary echocardiography revealed left heart dilatation, ejection fraction (EF) of 21%. Coronary angiography revealed anterior descending artery stenosis of 75%, circumflex artery — 80%, right coronary artery (RCA) — 70%. RCA stenting was performed and cardiovascular and diuretic therapy was started. However, shortness of breath and low exercise tolerance persisted.Results. In the blood test, anti-endothelial cell antibodies were 1:320, anticardiomyocyte and anti-smooth muscle antibodies — 1:80, anti-cardiac conduction system fibers — 1:320 (N≤1:40). During myocardial perfusion scintigraphy with computed tomography, an uneven distribution of the indicator was noted. Signs of myocardial scarring and indications for further revascularization were not revealed. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging confirmed a decrease in left ventricular (LV) contractility (LVEF 37%) and moderate dilatation. Biopsy was not performed due to dual antiplatelet therapy. The condition is regarded as infectious-immune myocarditis. IST was started with azathioprine 150 mg/day. We noted dyspnea relief and a stable increase in LVEF to 50-52%. The clinical course was complicated by sick sinus syndrome with pauses up to 6 seconds and presyncope; a pacemaker was implanted. After 5 years from the onset of IST, dyspnea episodes reappeared without exacerbation of myocarditis. As their cause, ischemia was diagnosed due to the progression of coronary atherosclerosis. Symptoms regressed after repeated coronary stenting.Conclusion. The presence of moderate coronary atherosclerosis without signs of ischemia and myocardial infarction should not be considered as the only cause of severe systolic myocardial dysfunction. Diagnosis and treatment of myocarditis in combination with coronary artery disease is carried out according to the standard principles and can improve LV systolic function and control the heart failure symptoms.
Effectiveness and safety of Ciclopirox Olamine compared to that of Luliconazole in management of patients with multi-site dermatophytosis on background itraconazole therapy
Authors: Deshmukh Gaurav , Shah Bela , Ghia Deepti , Shah Shikha , Jangid Neha 
Published: December 2020

Wide spread, inappropriate use of antifungal drugs in dermatophytosis has resulted in rise in minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values and reduced response. Hence there is a need for a different antifungal with a novel mechanism of action.This was an open-label, randomised, prospective, interventional, comparative, double-arm study. The patients were treated with either topical ciclopirox olamine or luliconazole twice daily for 6 weeks. All the patients were taking oral itraconazole 100mg twice daily for 4 weeks. Effectiveness endpoints were percentage of patients achieving complete cure, clinical cure and mycological cure at the end of the treatment period from baseline. Safety was assessed by analyzing the AEs and monitoring of liver function tests.92 patients were included in the study. 44 and 43 patients completed the study in ciclopirox and luliconazole group respectively. 84.09%, 88.63% and 86.36% patients achieved ccomplete, clinical and mycological cure rate in ciclopirox group respectively. 83.72%, 88.37% and 86.04% patients achieved complete, clinical and mycological in luliconazole group respectively. 10.63% patients in the Ciclopirox group and 10.86% in the Luliconazole group reported one or more drug related AE. Nausea, skin rash, head ache and vomiting were AEs reported.The results of this study prove that Ciclopirox is novel antifungal agent which is efficacious and safe in the management of dermatophytosis.
Üniversite öğrencilerinin yeme davranışlarının Hollanda Yeme Davranışı Anketi (DEBQ) ile değerlendirilmesi: Osmaniye Korkut Ata Üniversitesi Örneği
Authors: TAZEOĞLU Aybala , AYTEN Şerife , TAZEOĞLU Deniz Tazeoğlu 
Published: December 2020

Amaç: Üniversite döneminde gençlerin ciddi beslenme sorunları yaşadığı bilinmektedir. Bu çalışmada, üniversite öğrencilerinin cinsiyetlerine, yaşadıkları yerlere, vücut kütle indekslerine ve eğitim alanlarına göre Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışma, Aralık 2019 – Şubat 2020 tarihleri arasında, Osmaniye Korkut Ata Üniversitesi’nde öğrenim gören 726 öğrenci ile yapılmıştır. Yeme davranışları, Türkiye’de yaşayan insanlar üzerinde geçerliliği ve güvenilirliği 2009 yılında Bozan tarafından uyarlanan ve 33 maddeden oluşan Hollanda yeme davranış anketiyle (DEBQ) değerlendirilmiştir. Bu anket duygusal yeme davranışlarını, dışsal yeme davranışlarını ve kısıtlı yeme davranışlarını değerlendiren 3 alt ölçekten oluşmaktadır. Anketteki her bir madde 5’li Likert skalası (1:hiçbir zaman, 2:nadiren, 3:bazen, 4:sık, 5:çok sık) ile değerlendirilmektedir.
Bulgular: Katılımcıların 387 (%53,3)’si kadın, 339 (%46,7)’ü erkek olup; yaş ortalaması 22±2 (18-30)’dir. Vücut kitle indeksine (VKİ) göre katılımcıların dağılımı incelendiğinde; 66 (%9) zayıf, 371 (%51) normal, 241(%33) fazla kilolu, 51 (%7) ise obezdir. Cinsiyete göre değerlendirildiğinde, duyusal yemenin kadınlarda fazla olduğu bulundu (p0,05). Eğitim alanlarına göre; kısıtlayıcı yeme açısından gruplar arasında anlamlı fark saptanmazken (p=0,18); duyusal ve dışlayıcı yeme açısından anlamlı farklılık saptandı (p
Ekstrahepatik yerleşimli primer intraabdominal kist hidatiklere cerrahi yaklaşım
Authors: TOPÇU Ramazan , SEZİKLİ İsmail , ERKENT Murathan , ASLAN Orhan , YILDIRIM Murat Baki , ÖZKAN Bulut , DURAK Doğukan 
Published: December 2020

Amaç: Kist hidatik ülkemiz için yaygın bir sağlık sorunu olarak önemini korumaktadır. En sık karaciğer ve akciğer yerleşimli olup karın içi diğer organların primer tutulumu oldukça nadirdir. Ekstrahepatik primer intraabdominal hidatik kist nedeniyle cerrahi tedavi ettiğimiz olguları literatür eşliğinde incelendik.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Ekstrahepatik primer intraabdominal hidatik kist tanısyla opere edilen toplam 9 hastanın tıbbi kayıtları geriye dönük olarak incelendi.
Bulgular: Hastaların 6’sı kadın, 3 ‘ü erkek olup yaş ortalamaları 49,6 (22-74) olarak saptandı. Polikliniğe basvurma şikayetleri; 3’ünde mide ağrısı, 5’inde şişkinlik, 1’inde ise sarılık idi. Kist yerleşimi 5 olguda dalak, 3 olguda retroperitoneal , 1 olguda gastrokolik ligament olarak saptandı.Kist boyutu ortalama 9,5 (5-13) cm olarak hesaplandı. Hastaların 4’üne splenektomi ,1 ‘ine laparoskopik splenektomi, 2’ sine total perikistektomi ve 2’sine total perikistektomi+kolesistektomi yapıldı.Mortalite olmadı .Hastaların 2’sinde yara yerinde Hematom 1 ‘inde yara yeri enfeksiyonu gelişti.Ortalama hastanede yatıs 5,2 gün(4-8) idi . Taburculuk sonrası hastalara 6 ay andazol baslandı.Hastaların hepsi 6 ay sonra kontrole cagrıldı ve Usg ile kontrol edildi.Ortalama takip süresi 18,1 (6-43) ay idi.Takip sürelerinde herhangi nükse rastlanılmadı.
Sonuç: Echinococcus granulosus’un her organı tutabileceği unutulmamalıdır. Bu yüzden KC ve AC tutulumu olmasa bile tüm sistem tetkik edilmelidir. Batın içi kitlelerde özellikle endemik bölgelerde Ekstrahepatik primer intraabdominal hidatik kist akla getirilmelidir ve tedavide nüksü tamamen ortadan kaldıran total perikistektomi veya organ rezeksiyonu seçilecek tedavi yöntemdir.
CENTRO E PERIFERIAS NO IMPÉRIO PORTUGUáŠS: uma discussão sobre as relações de poder nas minas coloniais
Authors: Atallah Claudia Cristina Azeredo 
Published: December 2020

O presente artigo vem propor uma discussão acerca das relações de poder vigentes no antigo regime português, privilegiando para tal as práticas polá­ticas exercidas pelos ouvidores nas paragens coloniais mineiras. Essas legitimadas por uma razão corporativista e jurisdicional que marcaria profundamente a polá­tica em Portugal até pelo menos o ministério pombalino. Aqui, analisaremos a atuação do ouvidor da comarca do Rio das Velhas, José de Góes Ribeiro Lara de Moraes, que exerceu o cargo entre 1772 e 1775 e esteve envolvido na chamada Inconfidência do Sabará, onde conflitos latentes envolvendo oficiais da administração real levaram o Marquês de Pombal a punir severamente o ouvidor, acusado de traição.
SAIR DO LáBANO CHEGAR á€ CAPITAL MARANHENSE: as esperanças dos ”syrios” e as condições de vida dos viajantes
Authors: Magalhães Marcelo Vieira 
Published: December 2020

Apresento aqui a imigração sá­ria e libanesa para a cidade de São Luá­s a partir de 1885, quando se registram os primeiros imigrantes desembarcando no porto da capital maranhense, até o final da década de 1920. Neste trabalho, discuto a chegada destes na capital e a escolha de muitos pelo interior do estado. A difá­cil escolha em migrar e os percalços que essa opção impunha aos viajantes.
IMAGENS EM LIVROS DIDáTICOS DE HISTÓRIA DAS SÉRIES INICIAIS: uma análise comparativa e avaliadora
Authors: Olim Esp. Bárvara Barros 
Published: December 2020

No guia do livro didático do Programa Nacional do Livro Didático, consta, dentre os vários critérios de avaliação ”observar se as ilustrações, importantes no auxá­lio á compreensão e potencialização do texto, são adequadas á s finalidades para as quais foram utilizadas, de forma que sejam fáceis para o aluno apreendê-las, mas também que estimulem a curiosidade, o pensamento e as discussões entre os alunos”. Esse, dentre outros critérios, fez o Grupo de Pesquisa em Ensino de História voltarse para a análise das imagens nos livros didáticos quando seu principal projeto tornou-se a criação de uma coleção de livros regionais. Assim, a presente monografia tem como objetivo comunicar os resultados da análise de três coleções de livros didáticos de 1ª a 4ª séries, avaliando cada uma delas. A metodologia da pesquisa contou com o preenchimento e tabulação de dados de formulários, amparados nos conceitos de leitura de imagem de Panofsky, de função didática da imagem, desenvolvido por Rodrá­guez-Diéguez com base na teoria das funções lingá¼á­sticas de Jakobson e no conceito de alfabetismo visual de Donis A. Dondis.
PENGARUH SUHU DAN LAMA PEMANASAN SAAT PROSES BLANSING TERHADAP SIFAT KIMIA, FISIKOKIMIA DAN FISIK TEPUNG UBI KAYU
Authors: Pratiwi P Ayu Dian , Nurdjanah Siti , Utomo Tanto Pratondo 
Published: December 2020

<p>Pengolahan ubi kayu segar menjadi tepung merupakan salah satu alternatif untuk mengatasi sifat fisiologis ubi kayu yang mempunyai umur simpan yang relatif singkat. Akan tetapi, pada umumnya tepung ubi kayu yang diproses secara tradisional dari gaplek memiliki beberapa kelemahan. Kelemahan ini antara lain kurang mengembang pada tingkat proporsi yang tinggi, tekstur produk relatif keras, serta aroma apek (<em>musty</em>) ubi kayu kering yang terbentuk karena reaksi lanjut dari proses kerusakan fisiologi pasca panen saat penjemuran gaplek. Komponen aroma <em>musty </em>ini sering kali masih terbawa ketika diaplikasikan pada produk olahannya. Upaya untuk memperbaiki kualitas tepung umbi-umbian telah banyak dilakukan termasuk penggunaan panas. Blansing dalam air panas telah dilaporkan dapat memperbaiki kualitas produk kering berbasis hortikultur. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi pengaruh perbedaan suhu dan lama blansing dalam terhadap sifat fisikokimia dan morfologi granula tepung ubi kayu. Metode blansing menggunakan air panas bersuhu 50C, 55C dan 60℃ selama 5 menit, 7,5 menit dan 10 menit sebelum pegeringan dan penepungan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan suhu dan lama pemanasan berpengaruh terhadap sifat fisikokimia tepung ubi kayu. Semakin tinggi suhu dan semakin lama pemanasan menyebabkan penurunan kadar air, kadar abu, kadar amilosa, meningkatkan kelarutan dan <em>swelling power</em>, serta menyebabkan perubahan morfologi granula atau butiran tepung.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Effect of Temperature and Heating Time During Blanching Process on Physicochemical and Morfologi Properties of Cassava Flour</strong></p><p>Processing of fresh cassava into flour is one alternative to overcome the physiological properties of cassava which has a relatively short shelf life. However, in general, traditionally processed cassava flour has several disadvantages such as low dough development, less acceptable texture and flavor when used as main material in bakery products, as well as other food products. Many efforts to improve the quality of cassava flour have been carried out, including the use of heat treatments. Hot water pretreatment has been reported to be beneficial for improving quality of dried horticulture commodities. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of temperature and length of blanching on physicochemical properties of cassava flour. The method was carried out by blanching cassava chip in hot water at 50C, 55C and 60℃ for 5,7,5 and 10 minutes before drying and milling. The results showed the temperature and duration of heating affected the physicochemical properties and granular morphology of cassava flour. The higher the temperature and the longer the blanching cause a decrease in water content, ash content, amylose content, increase solubility, increase swelling power, and slightly changed the granular structures.</p>
Flow processes and sedimentation in a straight submarine channel on the Qiongdongnan margin, northwestern South China Sea
Authors: Gong Chenglin , Li Dongwei , Qi Kun , Xu Hongxiang 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT
Straight channels are ubiquitous in deep-water settings, yet flow dynamics and sedimentation in them are far from being well understood. Stratigraphy and flow dynamics of a middle to late Miocene straight channel in Qiongdongnan Basin were quantified, in terms of angle of channel-complex-growth trajectories (Tc), stratigraphic mobility number (M), Froude number (Fr), layer-averaged flow velocity (U), flow thickness (h), and water entrainment coefficient (Ew). The documented channels are composed of three channel complexes (CC1 to CC3) all of which are all characterized by symmetrical channel cross sections without levees and by organized vertical channel-stacking patterns (represented by high mean value of Tc = 37.4° and low mean value of M = 0.038). Turbidity currents in them were estimated to have U of 1.6 to 2.0 m/s (averaging 1.8 m/s), h of 63 to 89 m (averaging 78), Fr of 0.849 to 0.999 (averaging 0.912), and Ew of 0.0003 to 0.0005. They were, in most case, subcritical over most of the channel length, and had a low degree of water entrainment and low flow height scaled to the channel depth (i.e., 0.786 to 0.81 of the channel depth), most likely inhibiting the gradual loss of sediment to form levees. With reference to modeling results of secondary flow velocity vectors of numerical straight channels with the same sinuosity, two parallel gullies seen on both sides of the interpreted channel beds are interpreted to be induced by high-velocity downward backflows produced by the negative buoyancy. Such symmetrical secondary flow structures most likely promoted symmetrical intrachannel deposition (i.e., less deposition along both channel margins but more deposition near the channel center), and thus forced individual channel complexes to progressively aggrade in a synchronous manner, forming straight-channel complexes with symmetrical channel cross sections and organized vertical channel-stacking patterns.