bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Succinate‐GPR‐91 receptor signalling is responsible for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis‐associated fibrosis: Effects of DHA supplementation
Authors: Liu Xue‐Jing , Xie Li , Du Kuo , Liu Chang , Zhang Ning‐Ping , Gu Chen‐Jian , Wang Ying , Abdelmalek Manal F. , Dong Wen‐Yue , Liu Xiu‐Ping , Niu Chen , Yang Chen , Diehl Anna Mae , Wu Jian 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackground and aimsTreatment of non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is challenging, because suppressing fibrotic progression has not been achieved consistently by drug candidates currently in clinical trials. The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular interplays underlying NASH‐associated fibrosis in a mouse NASH model and human specimens.MethodsMice were divided into 4 groups: Controls; NASH (high fat/Calorie diet plus high fructose and glucose in drinking water, HFCD‐HF/G) for 16 weeks; HFCD‐HF/G plus docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) for 16 or 8 weeks.ResultsAlong with NASH progression, fibrotic deposition was documented in HFCD‐HF/G‐fed mice. Liver succinate content was significantly increased along with decreased expression of succinate dehydrogenase‐A (SDH‐A) in these mice; whereas, GPR‐91 receptor expression was much enhanced in histology compared to control mice, and co‐localized histologically with hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Succinate content was increased in fatty acid‐overloaded primary hepatocytes with significant oxidant stress and lipotoxicity. Exposure to succinate led to up‐regulation of GPR‐91 receptor in primary and immortalized HSCs. In contrast, suppression of GPR‐91 receptor expression abolished succinate stimulatory role in GPR‐91 expression and extracellular matrix production in HSCs. All these changes were minimized or abrogated by DHA supplementation in vivo or in vitro. Moreover, GPR‐91 receptor expression correlates with severity of fibrosis in human NASH biopsy specimens.ConclusionSuccinate accumulation in steatotoic hepatocytes may result in HSC activation through GPR‐91 receptor signalling in NASH progression, and the cross‐talk between hepatocytes and HSC through GPR‐91 signalling is most likely to be the molecular basis of fibrogenesis in NASH.
Interventional radiology in the airway in children
Authors: Roebuck Derek J. , Stockton Emma , Ritchie‐McLean Susanna N. , McLaren Clare A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractInterventional procedures in the airway can be performed in interventional radiology suites or the operating room, by radiologists or other specialists. The most common therapeutic interventions carried out by radiologists are balloon dilatation, stenting, and the treatment of certain airway fistulas. These operations can be very challenging for anesthetists in terms of planning, airway management, the identification and treatment of procedural complications and postoperative care. In particular, a multidisciplinary approach to decision‐making and planning is important to obtain the best results.
Is aerobic exercise helpful in patients with migraine? A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: La Touche Roy , Fernández Pérez Juan José , Proy Acosta Alejandro , González Campodónico Lisandro , Martínez García Sergio , Adraos Juárez Daniel , Serrano García Beatriz , Angulo‐Díaz‐Parreño Santiago , Cuenca‐Martínez Ferran , Suso‐Martí Luis , Paris‐Alemany Alba 
Published: January 2020

PurposeTo assess the effects of aerobic exercise (AE) on patients with migraine in terms of pain intensity, frequency and duration of migraine, and quality of life.MethodsA systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials were conducted. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for relevant outcomes and were pooled in a meta‐analysis using the random‐effects model.ResultsA total of 10 articles from 1950 to 2019 were included, involving 508 patients. The meta‐analysis showed statistically significant differences in the decrease in pain intensity (five studies, n = 166; SMD = 1.25; 95% CI 0.47‐2.04), frequency (six studies, n = 214; SMD = 0.76; 95% CI 0.32‐1.2) and duration of migraine (four studies, n = 106; SMD = 0.41; 95% CI 0.03‐0.8), in the short‐term. In addition, the meta‐analysis showed statistically significant differences in the increase in quality of life (four studies, n = 150; SMD = 2.7; 95% CI 1.17‐4.24), even though the Egger's test suggested significant evidence of publication bias for the analysis of quality of life (intercept = 5.81; t = 6.97; P = .02).ConclusionsThere is low‐ and moderate‐quality evidence that in patients with migraine AE can decrease the pain intensity, frequency and duration of migraine and can also increase quality of life.
Soil quality assessment based on soil organic matter pools under long‐term tillage systems and following tillage conversion in a semi‐humid region
Authors: Martínez Juan M. , Galantini Juan A. , Duval Matias E. , López Fernando M. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA field study was conducted to assess the long‐term effects of no‐tillage (NT) and conventional tillage (CT), and the short‐term effects following tillage conversion from CT to NT (NTn) and from NT to CT (CTn) on soil quality (SQ) indicators in a semi‐humid climate. First, plots of a long‐term tillage experiment on a Luvic Phaeozem initiated in 1986 were split into two subplots in 2012, yielding four treatments: NT, CT, NTn and CTn. In 2015, composite soil samples were collected from each treatment and from a natural site (Ref) at depths 0–5, 5–10, 10–20 and 0–20 cm. Several indicators were determined: soil organic carbon (SOC) and nitrogen (SON); particulate organic C (POM‐C) and N (POM‐N); potential N mineralization (PMN) and soil respiration (Rs). Moreover, bulk density was determined in long‐term tillage systems. Different ratios between indicators were calculated, with emphasis on its function in the agroecosystem, that is functional indicators. Significant differences in SOC, SON and PMN were found between CT and NT at most depths. In contrast, 3 years after tillage conversion, only a part of the SQ indicators studied were modified mainly at the 0–10 cm depth. The functional indicators showed differences between tillage systems in the long‐term and after short‐term tillage conversion depending on the depth; however, the PMN/SON ratio demonstrated differences at all depths. Under these conditions, this ratio‐related to easily mineralizable N fraction proved to be a promising indicator for assessing SQ under contrasting tillage systems regardless of the sampling depth.
Evolution of Designs for Constructal Cooling of a Square Plate Using Water, Ionic Liquid, and Nano-Enhanced Ionic Liquids
Authors: Barik Ashok K. , Rout Swetapadma , Patro Pandaba 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we investigate the design-evolution of an embedded pipe based on the constructal theory to obtain the best design that cools a square plate subjected to a constant heat flux boundary condition. The water, ionic liquids (ILs), and nano-enhanced ionic liquids (NEILs, i.e., [C4mim][NTf2] + Al2O3 and [C4mpyrr][NTf2] + Al2O3) have been used as the coolants. Several designs (Case 1 to Case 11) have been tested to quantify the non-dimensional temperature of the heated substrate by implementing the finite volume method of ansys fluent. The three-dimensional continuity, momentum, and energy equations have been solved iteratively in the fluid region by incorporating SIMPLE algorithm with appropriate boundary conditions; while the conduction equation is solved in the solid region. Among all the considered designs, it has been found that Case 3 provides a better cooling effect for the heated substrate. For all of the considered configurations/designs, it is also found that the non-dimensional temperature decreases with the length of the morphing pipe. NEILs exhibit a better cooling effect of the substrate when compared with the ILs and water. The present numerical methodology is also validated with the previous literature.
“One Piece of a Big Puzzle”: Understanding the Roles of Coach Developers Through Interorganizational Relationships in Canada’s Coach Education System
Authors: Edwards Jonathon , Culver Diane , Leadbetter Ross , Kloos Kate , Potwarka Luke 
Published: January 2020

Coach developers (CDs) are an integral aspect of the coaching education system in Canada, as they are responsible for the delivery of the National Coaching Certification Program (NCCP) to coaches. A means of understanding the role of CDs within the Canadian coaching education system is to gain insight into the enablers and challenges of the interorganizational relationships (IORs) between the stakeholders (e.g., organizations, CDs, and coaches). The purpose of this insights paper was to use IORs to understand the CD relationship with other stakeholders in the coach education system as they pertain to enablers and challenges. The use of IORs is a relatively new theoretical concept within the field of coaching and coach education as it pertains to CDs. Through the empirical evidence of three sports—hockey, soccer, and baseball—there were three key themes that were indicative of IORs:the NCCP delivery, communications,andmonitoring/evaluating for effectiveness. On the basis of the findings from this current study, the intended system design of the Canadian coaching education system, which is based on role-set IOR, is a vertical model of top-down governance model. On the basis of the findings from this current study, the intended system design of the Canadian coaching education system, which is based on role-set IOR, is a vertical model of top-down governance, where one decision from the top impacts all the other stakeholders within the system.
Cautionary study on the effects of pay for performance on quality of care: a pilot randomised controlled trial using standardised patients
Authors: Green Ellen , Peterson Katherine S , Markiewicz Kathy , O'Brien Janet , Arring Noel M 
Published: January 2020

BackgroundDue to the difficulty of studying incentives in practice, there is limited empirical evidence of the full-impact pay-for-performance (P4P) incentive systems.ObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of P4P in a controlled, simulated environment.DesignWe employed a simulation-based randomised controlled trial with three standardised patients to assess advanced practice providers’ performance. Each patient reflected one of the following: (A) indicated for P4P screenings, (B) too young for P4P screenings, or (C) indicated for P4P screenings, but screenings are unrelated to the reason for the visit. Indication was determined by the 2016 Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services quality measures.InterventionThe P4P group was paid $150 and received a bonus of $10 for meeting each of five outcome measures (breast cancer, colorectal cancer, pneumococcal, tobacco use and depression screenings) for each of the three cases (max $300). The control group received $200.SettingLearning resource centre.Participants35 advanced practice primary care providers (physician assistants and nurse practitioners) and 105 standardised patient encounters.MeasurementsAdherence to incentivised outcome measures, interpersonal communication skills, standards of care, and misuse.ResultsTheType apatient was more likely to receive indicated P4P screenings in the P4P group (3.82 out of 5 P4P vs 2.94 control, p=0.02), however, received lower overall standards of care under P4P (31.88 P4P vs 37.06 control, p=0.027). TheType bpatient was more likely to be prescribed screenings not indicated, but highlighted by P4P: breast cancer screening (47% P4P vs 0% control, p<0.01) and colorectal cancer screening (24% P4P vs 0% control, p=0.03). The P4P group over-reported completion of incentivised measures resulting in overpayment (average of $9.02 per patient).LimitationsA small sample size and limited variability in patient panel limit the generalisability of findings.ConclusionsOur findings caution the adoption of P4P by highlighting the unintended consequences of the incentive system.
Recurrent chromosomal rearrangements ofROS1,FRKandIL6activating JAK/STAT pathway in inflammatory hepatocellular adenomas
Authors: Bayard Quentin , Caruso Stefano , Couchy Gabrielle , Rebouissou Sandra , Bioulac Sage Paulette , Balabaud Charles , Paradis Valerie , Sturm Nathalie , de Muret Anne , Guettier Catherine , Bonsang Benjamin , Copie Christiane , Letouzé Eric , Calderaro Julien , Imbeaud Sandrine , Nault Jean-Charles , Zucman-Rossi Jessica 
Published: January 2020

BackgroundInflammatory hepatocellular adenomas (IHCAs) are benign liver tumours characterised by an activation of the janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) pathway caused by oncogenic activating mutations. However, a subset of IHCA lacks of identified mutation explaining the inflammatory phenotype.Methods657 hepatocellular adenomas developed in 504 patients were analysed for gene expression of 17 genes and for mutations in seven genes by sequencing. 22 non-mutated IHCAs were analysed by whole-exome and/or RNA sequencing.ResultsWe identified 296 IHCA (45%), 81% of them were mutated in eitherIL6ST(61%),FRK(8%),STAT3(5%),GNAS(3%) orJAK1(2%). Among non-mutated IHCA, RNA sequencing identified recurrent chromosome rearrangement involvingROS1, FRKorIL6genes.ROS1fusions were identified in 8 IHCA, involving C-terminal part of genes highly expressed in the liver (PLG,RBP4,APOB) fused with exon 33–35 to 43 ofROS1including the tyrosine kinase domain. In two cases a truncatedROS1transcript from exon 36 to 43 was identified.ROS1rearrangements were validated by fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) and led toROS1overexpression. Among the 5 IHCA withFRKrearrangements, 5 different partners were identified (MIA3,MIA2,LMO7,PLEKHA5, SEC16B) fused to a common region inFRKthat included exon 3–8. No overexpression ofFRKtranscript was detected but the predicted chimeric proteins lacked the auto-inhibitory SH2–SH3 domains. In two IHCA, we identified truncated 3’UTR ofIL6associated with overexpression of the transcript.ConclusionRecurrent chromosomal alterations involvingROS1,FRKorIL6genes lead to activation of the JAK/STAT pathway in IHCAs.
A similarity of quantum phase transition and quench dynamics in the Dicke model beyond the thermodynamic limit
Authors: Shen Lituo , Shi Zhicheng , Yang Zhenbiao , Wu Huaizhi , Zhong Zhirong , Zheng Shibiao 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe study the quantum phase transition in the Dicke model beyond the thermodynamic limit. With the Kibble–Zurek mechanism and adiabatic dynamics, we find that the residual energy is inversely proportional to the number of qubits, indicating that more qubits can obtain more energies from the oscillator as the number of qubits increases. Finally, we put forward a promising experiment device to realize this system.
Investigating fibrosis and inflammation in an ex vivo NASH murine model
Authors: Gore Emilia , Bigaeva Emilia , Oldenburger Anouk , Jansen Yvette J. M. , Schuppan Detlef , Boersema Miriam , Rippmann Jörg F. , Broermann Andre , Olinga Peter 
Published: January 2020

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease, characterized by excess fat accumulation (steatosis). Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) develops in 15–20% of NAFLD patients and frequently progresses to liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. We aimed to develop an ex vivo model of inflammation and fibrosis in steatotic murine precision-cut liver slices (PCLS). NASH was induced in C57Bl/6 mice on an amylin and choline-deficient l-amino acid-defined (CDAA) diet. PCLS were prepared from steatohepatitic (sPCLS) and control (cPCLS) livers and cultured for 48 h with LPS, TGFβ1, or elafibranor. Additionally, C57Bl/6 mice were placed on CDAA diet for 12 wk to receive elafibranor or vehicle from weeks 7 to 12. Effects were assessed by transcriptome analysis and procollagen Iα1 protein production. The diets induced features of human NASH. Upon culture, all PCLS showed an increased gene expression of fibrosis- and inflammation-related markers but decreased lipid metabolism markers. LPS and TGFβ1 affected sPCLS more pronouncedly than cPCLS. TGFβ1 increased procollagen Iα1 solely in cPCLS. Elafibranor ameliorated fibrosis and inflammation in vivo but not ex vivo, where it only increased the expression of genes modulated by PPARα. sPCLS culture induced inflammation-, fibrosis-, and lipid metabolism-related transcripts, explained by spontaneous activation. sPCLS remained responsive to proinflammatory and profibrotic stimuli on gene expression. We consider that PCLS represent a useful tool to reproducibly study NASH progression. sPCLS can be used to evaluate potential treatments for NASH, as demonstrated in our elafibranor study, and serves as a model to bridge results from rodent studies to the human system. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study showed that nonalcoholic steatohepatitis can be studied ex vivo in precision-cut liver slices obtained from murine diet-induced fatty livers. Liver slices develop a spontaneous inflammatory and fibrogenic response during culture that can be augmented with specific modulators. Additionally, the model can be used to test the efficacy of pharmaceutical compounds (as shown in this investigation with elafibranor) and could be a tool for preclinical assessment of potential therapies.
Targeting Tumor Neoangiogenesis via Targeted Adenoviral Vector to Achieve Effective Cancer Gene Therapy for Disseminated Neoplastic Disease
Authors: Lee Myungeun , Lu Zhi Hong , Li Jie , Kashentseva Elena A. , Dmitriev Igor P. , Mendonca Samir A. , Curiel David T. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The application of cancer gene therapy has heretofore been restricted to local, or locoregional, neoplastic disease contexts. This is owing to the lack of gene transfer vectors, which embody the requisite target cell selectivity in vivo required for metastatic disease applications. To this end, we have explored novel vector engineering paradigms to adapt adenovirus for this purpose. Our novel strategy exploits three distinct targeting modalities that operate in functional synergy. Transcriptional targeting is achieved via the hROBO4 promoter, which restricts transgene expression to proliferative vascular endothelium. Viral binding is modified by incorporation of an RGD4C peptide in the HI loop of the fiber knob for recognition of cellular integrins. Liver sequestration is mitigated by ablation of factor X binding to the major capsid protein hexon by a serotype swap approach. The combination of these technologies into the context of a single-vector agent represents a highly original approach. Studies in a murine model of disseminated cancer validated the in vivo target cell selectivity of our vector agent. Of note, clear gains in therapeutic index accrued these vector modifications. Whereas there is universal recognition of the value of vector targeting, very few reports have validated its direct utility in the context of cancer gene therapy. In this regard, our article validates the direct gains that may accrue these methods in the stringent delivery context of disseminated neoplastic disease. Efforts to improve vector targeting thus represent a critical direction to fully realize the promise of cancer gene therapy.
Search for Face Identity or Expression: Set Size Effects in Developmental Prosopagnosia
Authors: Djouab Sara , Albonico Andrea , Yeung Shanna C. , Malaspina Manuela , Mogard Anna , Wahlberg Rachel , Corrow Sherryse L. , Barton Jason J. S. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The set size effect during visual search indexes the effects of processing load and thus the efficiency of perceptual mechanisms. Our goal was to investigate whether individuals with developmental prosopagnosia show increased set size effects when searching faces for face identity and how this compares to search for face expression. We tested 29 healthy individuals and 13 individuals with developmental prosopagnosia. Participants were shown sets of three to seven faces to judge whether the identities or expressions of the faces were the same across all stimuli or if one differed. The set size effect was the slope of the linear regression between the number of faces in the array and the response time. Accuracy was similar in both controls and prosopagnosic participants. Developmental prosopagnosic participants displayed increased set size effects in face identity search but not in expression search. Single-participant analyses reveal that 11 developmental prosopagnosic participants showed a putative classical dissociation, with impairments in identity but not expression search. Signal detection theory analysis showed that identity set size effects were highly reliable in discriminating prosopagnosic participants from controls. Finally, the set size ratios of same to different trials were consistent with the predictions of self-terminated serial search models for control participants and prosopagnosic participants engaged in expression search but deviated from those predictions for identity search by the prosopagnosic cohort. We conclude that the face set size effect reveals a highly prevalent and selective perceptual inefficiency for processing face identity in developmental prosopagnosia.
Valence-dependent Disruption in Processing of Facial Expressions of Emotion in Early Visual Cortex—A Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Study
Authors: Guo Kun , Calver Lauren , Soornack Yoshi , Bourke Patrick 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Our visual inputs are often entangled with affective meanings in natural vision, implying the existence of extensive interaction between visual and emotional processing. However, little is known about the neural mechanism underlying such interaction. This exploratory transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) study examined the possible involvement of the early visual cortex (EVC, Area V1/V2/V3) in perceiving facial expressions of different emotional valences. Across three experiments, single-pulse TMS was delivered at different time windows (50–150 msec) after a brief 10-msec onset of face images, and participants reported the visibility and perceived emotional valence of faces. Interestingly, earlier TMS at ∼90 msec only reduced the face visibility irrespective of displayed expressions, but later TMS at ∼120 msec selectively disrupted the recognition of negative facial expressions, indicating the involvement of EVC in the processing of negative expressions at a later time window, possibly beyond the initial processing of fed-forward facial structure information. The observed TMS effect was further modulated by individuals' anxiety level. TMS at ∼110–120 msec disrupted the recognition of anger significantly more for those scoring relatively low in trait anxiety than the high scorers, suggesting that cognitive bias influences the processing of facial expressions in EVC. Taken together, it seems that EVC is involved in structural encoding of (at least) negative facial emotional valence, such as fear and anger, possibly under modulation from higher cortical areas.