bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mutant Huntingtin Is Cleared from the Brain via Active Mechanisms in Huntington Disease
Authors: Caron Nicholas S. , Banos Raul , Yanick Christopher , Aly Amirah E. , Byrne Lauren M. , Smith Ethan D. , Xie Yuanyun , Smith Stephen E.P. , Potluri Nalini , Findlay Black Hailey , Casal Lorenzo , Ko Seunghyun , Cheung Daphne , Kim Hyeongju , Seong Ihn Sik , Wild Edward J. , Song Ji-Joon , Hayden Michael R. , Southwell Amber L. 
Published: December 2020

Huntington disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disease caused by a CAG trinucleotide repeat expansion in the huntingtin (HTT) gene. Therapeutics that lower HTT have shown preclinical promise and are being evaluated in clinical trials. However, clinical assessment of brain HTT lowering presents challenges. We have reported that mutant HTT (mHTT) in the CSF of HD patients correlates with clinical measures, including disease burden as well as motor and cognitive performance. We have also shown that lowering HTT in the brains of HD mice results in correlative reduction of mHTT in the CSF, prompting the use of this measure as an exploratory marker of target engagement in clinical trials. In this study, we investigate the mechanisms of mHTT clearance from the brain in adult mice of both sexes to elucidate the significance of therapy-induced CSF mHTT changes. We demonstrate that, although neurodegeneration increases CSF mHTT concentrations, mHTT is also present in the CSF of mice in the absence of neurodegeneration. Importantly, we show that secretion of mHTT from cells in the CNS followed by glymphatic clearance from the extracellular space contributes to mHTT in the CSF. Furthermore, we observe secretion of wild type HTT from healthy control neurons, suggesting that HTT secretion is a normal process occurring in the absence of pathogenesis. Overall, our data support both passive release and active clearance of mHTT into CSF, suggesting that its treatment-induced changes may represent a combination of target engagement and preservation of neurons.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT:Changes in CSF mutant huntingtin (mHTT) are being used as an exploratory endpoint in HTT lowering clinical trials for the treatment of Huntington disease (HD). Recently, it was demonstrated that intrathecal administration of a HTT lowering agent leads to dose-dependent reduction of CSF mHTT in HD patients. However, little is known about how HTT, an intracellular protein, reaches the extracellular space and ultimately the CSF. Our findings that HTT enters CSF by both passive release and active secretion followed by glymphatic clearance may have significant implications for interpretation of treatment-induced changes of CSF mHTT in clinical trials for HD.
Stress Sources In Preschool Teachers In The City Of Zagreb/Izvori stresa kod odgojitelja u Gradu Zagrebu
Authors: Kozjak Dragčević Sara , Opić Siniša 
Published: December 2020

The paper investigates the sources of stress at work of kindergarten educators. Its aim is to explore various sources of stress in kindergartens in the City of Zagreb, as well as stress intensity regarding years of work and education group in which they have been working. The study involved 257 educators from Zagreb, aged 22 to 65. For research purposes, the Scale of Assessment of Stress at Work of the Educators was used. The scale describes situations the educators meet daily and asks them to estimate to what extent particular situation is stressful. The research has shown that the greatest intensity of stress in educators is caused by parent behaviour. Additionally, prolonged work experience reduces stress in certain situations. The research results contribute to a better understanding of the work of educators and specific sources of stress in their work environment. They should help in further development of recognition, prevention and solution measures.Key words: stress sources at work; stress in the educator; stress at the workplaceOvaj rad proučava izvore stresa na poslu odgojitelja u dječjem vrtiću. Cilj rada je istražiti različite izvore stresa u dječjim vrtićima na području Grada Zagreba te njihov intenzitet s obzirom na godine staža i odgojnu skupinu u kojoj trenutno rade. U ispitivanju je sudjelovalo 257 odgojitelja iz Zagreba u dobi od 22 do 65 godina. Za potrebe istraživanja korištena je Skala procjene stresa na poslu odgojitelja. Skalom su opisane situacije s kojima se odgojitelji svakodnevno susreću te su morali procijeniti u kojoj je mjeri određena situacija stresna za njih. Istraživanje je pokazalo da najveći intenzitet stresa kod odgojitelja izazivaju ponašanja roditelja. Također, porastom radnog iskustva smanjuje se stres u određenim situacijama. Rezultati istraživanja pridonose boljem razumijevanju posla od odgojitelja i specifičnim izvorima stresa za njihovo radno okruženje. Oni pomažu u daljnjim mogućnostima razvoja mjera prepoznavanja, prevencije i rješenja. Ključne riječi: izvori stresa na poslu; stres kod odgojitelja; stres na radnom mjestu
The Importance of Lifelong Learning for the Development of Professional Competence of Educators
Authors: Kokanović Tihana 
Published: December 2020

In order for an educator to develop into a competent individual and to continuously strengthen his professional identity, it is of great importance to work on all aspects of lifelong professional development. Since academic year 2009/2010, in the Republic of Croatia, educators have the opportunity to continue their education at university graduate studies in order to acquire and / or develop their competences, knowledge and skills necessary for development of professionalism. It is the responsibility of not just the individual, but a professional community, to enable development of the upbringing profession in all those areas crucial to the advancement of early and preschool education system. Formal education, in this sense, enables acquisition of competences needed to create educational policy within their own institutions. In order to evaluate in which areas and whether educators consider themselves competent, a self-assessment questionnaire for professional competences was developed. The aim of this research is to gain insight into how many educators consider themselves professionally competent for creating educational policy in the institution they work in. Furthermore, this research will examine whether there are differences in self-assessment of professional competences of educators-graduate students who are employed in preschool institutions and educators who completed undergraduate studies, also employed, and on what dimensions there is a correlation between their estimates. Key words: professional competences; educators; upbringing profession; professional identity
INTEGRATION AND USE OF THE INTERDISCIPLINARY KNOWLEDGE IN THE FIELD OF SPATIAL AND ECONOMICS/BUSINESS SCIENCES
Authors: Tominc Polona , Paszto Vit , Bobek Samo , Sternad Zabukovšek Simona 
Published: December 2020

This research arises from the importance of integration of knowledge of economics/business and spatial sciences for graduates who must think and act in interdisciplinary contexts. The systematic literature review revealed thatthis interdisciplinary field is richly present in original scientific research, and is undoubtedly topical and worthy of research efforts. Themain objective of this paper is to analyse important factors that contribute to the attitudes of students towards interdisciplinary knowledge, and factors that shape their intentions to use and integrate this knowledge in the future. The conceptual model formed was tested using structural equation modeling (SEM). Research results confirm the importance of integration of economics/business and spatial sciences’ knowledge, for graduates. As presented in the paper, results of the study have important implications for higher education institutions, reforming and updating their study programs, as well as for educators in the field of spatial sciences and economic/business sciences, in research and in education.
Creativity and Creation in Early Childhood and Preschool Education Curriculum
Authors: Jurčević Lozančić Anka , Tot Daria 
Published: December 2020

A contemporary early childhood education curriculum is defined as a theoretical concept that is, in educational practice, constructed and co-constructed based on mutual learning, research, and participation of all participants in the educational process. This is why it is important to arrange different conditions for various activities that enable creative thinking and expression, in which children can participate. In this sense, creativity is not interpreted as a special part of curriculum, but a component of the overall educational process, which is pervasive in all segments of the curriculum. In educational practice, awareness of the values of creative expression in children is not sufficiently developed nor appropriately utilized in curriculum development, as the possibilities of its use have not been sufficiently explored. Therefore, this paper aims to contribute to the understanding and acknowledgement of children’s natural, innate creativity, which needs to be nurtured, encouraged, and developed as part of educational process, as well as to deeply consider organizational conditions and work of kindergarten teachers. Keywords: child; curriculum; kindergarten teacher; constructivism and co-constructivism
Ciljevi postignuća: konceptualni modeli i rezultati istraživanja ishoda
Authors: Durmić Azemina 
Published: December 2020

Teorija ciljeva postignuća je jedna od vrlo značajnih teorija motivacije koja se u velikoj mjeri propituje u odgojno-obrazovnom sustavu. Ciljevi postignuća se najčešće odnose na razloge koji stoje u pozadini želje učenika za postignućem, ali predstavljaju i mišljenje učenika o standardima i kriterijima koji se uzimaju u razmatranje prilikom procjene uspjeha (Urdan, 1997). U tom smislu, učenik može biti vođen željom za osobnim razvojem i unapređenjem ili željom da se bude bolji od drugih. Tako su autori identificirali dvije vrste ciljeva postignuća. U prvom slučaju, riječ je o ciljevima usmjerenim na ovladavanje, a u drugom slučaju, riječ je o performativnim ciljevima. Ovo ujedno predstavlja i dihotomni model ciljeva postignuća. Cilj ovog rada jeste da se pregledom nekih istraživanja identificiraju konceptualni modeli ciljeva postignuća, te da se, shodno predstavljenom, stekne uvid u najčešće ishode s kojima su povezani različiti ciljevi postignuća. Teorijski i empirijski rezultati ukazuju da su se ciljevi postignuća razvijali od dihotomnog, trihotomnog konceptualnog modela, modela s četiri vrste ciljeva (2x2) do modela sa šest (3x2) vrsta ciljeva. U sklopu navedenih konceptualnih modela ciljevi usmjereni na ovladavanje sadrže najviše pozitivnih karakteristika i ishoda. Zaključak nastoji potcrtati važnost ciljeva usmjerenih ka ovladavanju uz potrebu za dubljim propitivanjem čimbenika koji vode ka usvajanju ovih ciljeva. Ključne riječi: ciljevi usmjereni na ovladavanje; performativni ciljevi; pristup orijentacija; izbjegavanje orijentacija.
The Impact of Creative Teaching Approach on Reducing Boredom in Teaching Process
Authors: Radeljić Marijana , Selimović Hazim , Opić Siniša , Mulaosmanović Nermin , Selimović Zehrina 
Published: December 2020

Creativity, as one of the key factors of success, should primarily be represented in educational institutions in all segments of life, ranging from pre-school to higher education institutions. Starting from the assumption that simple, monotonous and not interesting classes are one of the main obstacles to successful education of a student, in this paper we will explore the creative approach in teaching process in order to reduce boredom in classrooms. The sample consisted of 134 participants. There were 66 participants in the experimental and 68 participants in the control groups. The students in the experimental group were in the classrooms where the creative approach was used, while the students of the control group attended the classes in which the traditional approach of teaching was used. The research was conducted based on a designed research model. The instrument was distributed before applying the experimental model and after its application. The aim of this study was to examine whether the introduction of creativity into teaching process influences its efficiency, and at the same time reduces boredom. Analysis of the final measurement results showed that the level of students’ boredom in the experimental group was reduced comparing to the level of students’ boredom in the control group. What’s more, findings showed that the application of creative models within the teaching process had a positive effect on reducing boredom. Keywords: creativity, creative teacher, efficient / contemporary teaching process, boredom.
Influence of geometrical parameters on the splitting forces in textile-reinforced concrete
Authors: Preinstorfer Philipp , Kromoser Benjamin 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSplitting forces due to bond action can lead to the premature failure of reinforced concrete structural components. In earlier research it was mentioned that it is mainly geometrical parameters that play a key role in the distribution and magnitude of the splitting forces in textile-reinforced concrete. However, so far no accurate geometrical characterisation of textile reinforcement has been performed which considers all the relevant properties of the material such as the regularly repeating variation in cross-sectional dimensions. In this paper, four geometrical parameters are introduced which permit a clear geometrical characterisation of fibre strands and allow for the comparison of different types of textile reinforcement. Furthermore, a broad parametric study was carried out for a pull-out test in which the parameters were varied, and the influence of these parameters on the splitting forces occurring in textile-reinforced concrete was visualised. Based on this parametric study, a mechanical model was established, which takes into account experimental data from previous research. This model allows for the calculation of the splitting forces occurring in textile-reinforced concrete when one short fibre strand is pulled out of the concrete.
ECONOMIC PRAGMATISM OF YOGYAKARTA MUSLIM COMMUNITY IN SELECTING BANKING INSTITUTIONS
Authors: Aviva Itsla Yunisva , Ardiansyah Misnen , Hanafi Syafiq Mahmadah 
Published: December 2020

This research discusses the motives of the Muslim community in choosing banking institutions by using the analysis of pragmatism theory. This research is qualitative research using a phenomenology approach. Data collection that is used in this research is the interview, observation, and documentation. The result of the study indicated that the Muslim’s customer of Yogyakarta tend to be pragmatic due to the character of society which has more accommodating and flexible philosophy of life (tolerance). This pragmatic attitude was influenced by the internal factors (cognitive limitations) and external factors (reputation and service of Conventional Banks). Furthermore, adopting from the theory of Schutz’s motives that the motives reason (because of motive) of Yogyakarta's Moslem customers in choosing to the bank are their inconsistency in choosing is influenced by economic and service motives that are stronger than religious motives. As for their destination motive (in order to motive) namely fulfilling their needs.
Sexual development and menstrual function in adolescent girls after viral hepatitis
Authors: E. F. Chaykivska  , T. F. Tatarchuk  , О. V. Zanko  , N. F. Zakharenko  , N. K. Silina  
Published: December 2020

Purpose of the study: to prove the pathological effect of chronic viral hepatitis on sexual development (SD) and menstrual function of adolescent girls by analyzing the secondary sexual characteristics and to determine the features of disorders of menstrual function (DMF) in such patients.Materials and methods. The study involved 150 girls of pubertal age (12–17 years) who were divided into groups: the main group (n = 50) – patients with DMF and SD on the basis of chronic viral hepatitis B and C; comparison group (n = 50) – patients with DMF and SD on the basis of hepatobiliary system diseases (cholecystitis, dyskinesia of the biliary tract); control group (n = 50) – almost healthy girls. All patients underwent clinical analysis of menstrual function, appearance and development of secondary sexual characteristics, clinically determined the degree of SD and SD score calculated.Results. The whole spectrum of DMF in the main and comparison group was revealed. There were more patients with hypomenstrual type of DMF in the main group than in the comparison group: 37 (74%) against 28 (56%) (p <0.05). Patients with juvenile uterine bleedings were almost equally: 8 (16%) in the main and 7 (14%) in the comparison group (p <0.05). There were three times more patients with dysmenorrhea in the comparison group – 15 (30%) girls against 5 (10%) in the main group (p <0.05). The dependence of SD disorders and clinical form of DMF on the time of hepatitis development in the main group was revealed: SD delay and primary amenorrhea were more often with the disease onset in childhood, persistent oligomenorrhea was formed in the prepubertal period, and juvenile uterine bleedings and secondary amenorrhea in the late puberty (p <0.05).Conclusions. This study demonstrated the role of hepatobiliary system diseases in slowing puberty of girls, characterized by disturbance of the secondary sexual characteristics onset, deviation of the SD score. Dependence of DMF on periods of exacerbation of hepatobiliary system diseases was also determined.
LIBERDADE E APRENDIZAGEM: CONSIDERAÇÕES SOBRE A OBRA ROUSSEAUNIANA
Authors: Corrêa Letícia Maria Passos , Oliveira Neiva Afonso 
Published: December 2020

RESUMO: O presente artigo disserta, a partir de uma hermenêutica da obra rousseauniana, sobre a categoria liberdade e suas relações com o Ensino de Filosofia, bem como sua conexão com os processos relativos à Formação Humana. Primeiramente, são trabalhados os conceitos envolvidos. Na segunda seção, debruça-se a relacionar a categoria trabalhada aos propósitos da Formação Humana. Na sequência, procura-se perceber exemplos de condutas relacionadas às categorias no Emílio, de Rousseau. Por fim, na última divisão do texto, são tratadas propostas de indicações pedagógico-metodológicas a serem desenvolvidas, a partir da categoria em questão, da obra rousseauniana e com o propósito da Formação Humana, com vistas ao exercício do filosofar/ Ensino de Filosofia/ arquitetura do ser em formação.Palavras-chave: Liberdade, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Ensino de Filosofia, Formação Humana, Educação.
Gravitation in Unified Scalar Field Theory
Authors: Chernitskii Alexander 
Published: December 2020

The scalar field of space-time film is considered as unified fundamental field.
The field model under consideration is the space-time generalization of the model for a two-dimensional thin film. The force and metrical interactions between solitons are considered. These interactions correspond to the electromagnetic and gravitational interactions respectively.
The metrical interaction and its correspondence to the gravitational one are considered in detail.
The practical applications of this approach are discussed.
Efektivitas Strategi REACT Berbasis Keislaman terhadap Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah dan Kecerdasan Spiritual
Authors: Wahyuni Fina Tri , Arthamevia Arnetta Thalia , Kurniawan Galih 
Published: December 2020

<p class="06IsiAbstrak"><span lang="EN-GB">This research aims to determine the effectiveness of the Islamic-based REACT strategy compared to conventional strategies on problem-solving abilities and spiritual intelligence<strong><span>. </span></strong>The research uses a quasi-experiment design. The population is all the first semester students of mathematics education at one of the universities in Kudus, totaling 117 students with a sample of B1TMR class of 40 students serving as an experimental class while class A1TMR serves as a control class. The data collection instruments included a test instrument in the form of 5 essay questions to measure derivatives problem-solving ability and a questionnaire instrument to measure spiritual intelligence with a Likert scale of 14 questionnaires. The data analysis techniques were parametric statistics with a t-test for problem-solving abilities and non-parametric statistics, the Mann-Whitney U test for spiritual intelligence. The results showed that Islamic-based REACT strategy lectures were more effective than conventional strategies on students' problem-solving abilities and spiritual intelligence.</span></p><p class="06IsiAbstrak"> </p><p class="06IsiAbstrak"><span lang="EN-GB">Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas strategi REACT berbasis keislaman dibandingkan dengan strategi konvensional terhadap kemampuan penyelesaian masalah dan kecerdasan spiritual. Jenis penelitian menggunakan quasi experiment design. Populasi yaitu seluruh mahasiswa semester 1 program studi tadris matematika pada salah satu universitas di Kudus yang berjumlah 117 mahasiswa dengan sampel kelas B1TMR yang berjumlah 40 mahasiswa sebagai kelas eksperimen sedangkan kelas A1TMR sebagai kelas kontrol. Instrumen pengumpul data yaitu instrumen tes untuk mengukur kemampuan pemecahan masalah derivatif sebanyak 5 soal uraian dan instrumen angket untuk mengukur kecerdasan spiritual dengan skala likert sebanyak 14 butir angket. Teknik analisis data yaitu statistik parametrik dengan Uji-t untuk kemampuan pemecahan masalah dan statistik non-parametrik Uji Mann-Whitney U untuk kecerdasan spiritual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perkuliahan strategi REACT berbasis keislaman lebih efektif dibandingkan strategi konvensional terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah dan kecerdasan spiritual mahasiswa.</span></p>
Teleradiology as a relevant indicator of the impact of COVID-19 pandemic management on Emergency Room activities: a nationwide worrisome survey
Authors: Vatele Jordan , Gentile Stephanie , THOMSON Vivien , DEVICTOR Bénédicte , CLOUX Marine , GIROUIN Nicolas , BRATAN Flavie , BERGEROT Jean-François , SEUX Mylène , BANASTE Nathan , TAZAROURTE Karim , GORINCOUR Guillaume 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Objectives: To evaluate the impact of COVID-19’s lockdown on radiological examinations in Emergency Services.Methods: Retrospective, multicentre analysis of radiological examinations requested, via our teleradiology network, from 2017 to 2020 during two timeframes (calendar weeks 5 to 8 and then 12 to 15).We included CT-scans or MRIs performed for strokes, multiple traumas (body-CT, BC), cranial traumas (CTr) and acute non-traumatic abdominal pain (ANTAP). We evaluated the number and percentages of examinations performed, of those with a pathological conclusion, and of examinations involving the chest.Results: Our study included 25 centres in 2017, 29 in 2018, 43 in 2019 and 59 in 2020.From 2017 to 2019, the percentages of examinations were constant, which was also true for chest CTs. Each centre’s number of examinations, gender distribution and patient ages were unchanged.In 2020, examinations significantly decreased : suspected strokes decreased by 36% (1052 vs 675, p <0.001), BC by 62% (349 vs 134, p <0.001), CTr by 52% (1853 vs 895, p <0.001) and for ANTAP, appendicitis decreased by 38% (145 vs 90, NS) sigmoiditis by 44% (98 vs 55, NS), and renal colic by 23% (376 vs 288, NS).The number of exams per centre decreased by 13% (185.5 vs. 162.5, p <0.001) whereas the number of examinations of the "chest" region increased by 170% (1205 vs 3766, p <0.001).Conclusion: Teleradiology enabled us to monitor the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic management on emergency activities, showing a global decrease in the population's use of care