bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MEMS device for applying shear and tension to an epithelium combined with fluorescent live cell imaging
Authors: Garcia Miguel A , Sadeghipour Ehsan , Engel Leeya , Nelson W James , Pruitt Beth L 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Mechanical forces play important roles in the biological function of cells and tissues. While numerous studies have probed the force response of cells and measured cell-generated forces, they have primarily focused on tensile, but not shear forces. Here, we describe the design, fabrication, and application of a silicon micromachined device that is capable of independently applying and sensing both tensile and shear forces in an epithelial cell monolayer. We integrated the device with an upright microscope to enable live cell brightfield and fluorescent imaging of cells over many hours following mechanical perturbation. Using devices of increasing stiffness and the same displacement input, we demonstrate that epithelia exhibit concomitant higher maximum resistive tensile forces and quicker force relaxation. In addition, we characterized the force response of the epithelium to cyclic shear loading. While the maximum resistive forces of epithelia under cyclic shear perturbation remained unchanged between cycles, cyclic loading led to faster relaxation of the resistive forces. The device presented here can be applied to studying the force response of other monolayer-forming cell types and is compatible with pharmacological perturbation of cell structures and functions.
Vibration energy harvesting based on a piezoelectric nonlinear energy sink with synchronized charge extraction interface circuit
Authors: Li Zhaoyu , Xiong Liuyang , Tang Lihua , Liu Kefu , Mace Brian 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Nonlinear energy sink (NES) conventionally designed for vibration control has been recently explored for energy harvesting purpose. To simplify the analysis, a pure resistive load is usually used in the evaluation of the performance of NES-based energy harvesting systems. This paper investigates the performance of an NES-based energy harvesting system interfaced to a synchronized charge extraction (SCE) circuit (EHNES-SCE). For the ease of analysis, the SCE interface circuit is simplified by the equivalent impedance method. An equivalent circuit model for system-level simulation of the EHNES-SCE system is also established to confirm the feasibility of using the simplified SCE circuit. Subsequently, with the simplified SCE circuit, approximate analytical solutions of the EHNES-SCE system are derived using the harmonic balance method and the performance of the EHNES-SCE system under harmonic excitation is investigated. With the established modelling and simulation tools, the influences of electrical load and electromechanical coupling on the performance of the EHNES-SCE system are revealed. Finally, experimental results are presented to confirm the main findings from the theory and simulation and reveal that the EHNES-SCE system is able to harvest energy in a wide frequency range, regardless of the load resistance in the SCE circuit.
Enhancement of photodetection by PbSe quantum dots on atomic-layered GeS devices
Authors: Li Yuzhi , Shi Xuan , Dai Fangbo , Zhou Dahua , Jin Minghui , Zheng Hongying , Yang Yuhui , Zhao Hongquan , Wang Junzhong 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Hybrid structures of quantum dots (QDs) on two-dimensional materials have aroused great interest because of their high absorbance properties and tunable wavelength detection ranges. In this work, 1.44 times the photoresponse bandwidth of PbSe QDs on atomic-layered GeS hybrid structure devices is achieved compared with pure GeS devices due to the transfer of photogenerated carriers between the PbSe QDs and the GeS film. A doubling of the peak photoresponsivity is obtained at a wavelength of 635 nm, and the detectivity of the hybrid devices increases by 39.5 and 27.4 times under 808 and 980 nm illumination, respectively. Additionally, tripling of the carrier mobility is measured in the hybrid devices (165.2 cm2 V−1 s−1) compared with that of pure atomic-layered GeS devices (54.2 cm2 V−1 s−1). The concentration of PbSe QDs on the GeS films is optimized for the highest photoresponsivity and carrier mobility of the hybrid devices. The results indicate that a hybrid structure of QDs on atomic-layered materials is a promising way to enhance photodetection.
Electron- versus neutrino-nucleus scattering
Authors: Amaro J E , Barbaro M B , Caballero J A , González-Jiménez R , Megias G D , Simo I Ruiz 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
We illustrate the connection between electron and neutrino scattering off nuclei and show how the former process can be used to constrain the description of the latter. After reviewing some of the nuclear models commonly used to study lepton-nucleus reactions, we describe in detail the SuSAv2 model and show how its predictions compare with the available electron- and neutrino-scattering data over the kinematical range going from the quasi-elastic peak to pion-production and highly inelastic scattering.
Abruptly autofocusing polycyclic tornado ring Airy beam
Authors: Wu You , Xu Chuangjie , Lin Zejia , Qiu Huixin , Fu Xinming , Chen Kaihui , Deng Dongmei 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
We introduce numerically a new polycyclic tornado ring Airy beam (PTRAB) induced by annular spiral zone phases with the second order chirped factor. The PTRAB has such properties of controllable multi focuses, the multi optical bottles and rotation. By choosing appropriate parameters, we can control the times of the multi autofocus and the autofocusing distance, the size and the number of the OBs, the quantity of the spots and the location where the rotary direction changes from counterclockwise to clockwise. We believe our results have potential applications in laser energy focusing, optical tweezers, optical spanners and manufacturing tunable chiral meta-materials.
Prediction of moment of inertia of rotating nuclei *
Authors: Sheikh Mohd Kh. M. Abu El , Okhunov A. A. , Kassim H. Abu , Khandaker M. U. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In this study, the mathematical expression formulated by Bohr for the moment of inertia of even-even nuclei based on the hydrodynamical model is modified. The modification pertains to the kinetic energy of the surface oscillations, including the second and third terms of the R-expansion as well as the first term, which had already been modified by Bohr. Therefore, this work can be considered a continuation and support of Bohr's hydrodynamic model. The procedure yields a Bohr formula to be multiplied by a factor that depends on the deformation parameter. Bohr's (modified) formula is examined by applying it on axially symmetric even-even nuclei with atomic masses ranging between 150 and 190 as well as on some triaxial symmetry nuclei. In this paper, the modification of Bohr's formula is discussed, including information about the stability of this modification and the second and third terms of the R-expansion in Bohr's formula. The results of the calculation are compared with the experimental data and Bohr's results recorded earlier. The results obtained are in good agreement with experimental data, with a ratio of approximately 0.7, and are better than those of the unmodified ones.
Combining mitigation strategies to increase co-benefits for biodiversity and food security
Authors: Prudhomme Rémi , Palma Adriana De , Dumas Patrice , Gonzalez Ricardo , Leadley Paul , Levrel Harold , Purvis Andy , Brunelle Thierry 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
World agriculture needs to find the right balance to cope with the trilemma between feeding a growing population, reducing its impact on biodiversity and minimizing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. In this paper, we evaluate a broad range of scenarios that achieve 4.3 GtCO2,eq/year GHG mitigation in the Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land-Use (AFOLU) sector by 2100. Scenarios include varying mixes of three GHG mitigation policies: second-generation biofuel production, dietary change and reforestation of pasture. We find that focusing mitigation on a single policy can lead to positive results for a single indicator of food security or biodiversity conservation, but with significant negative side effects on others. A balanced portfolio of all three mitigation policies, while not optimal for any single criterion, minimizes trade-offs by avoiding large negative effects on food security and biodiversity conservation. At the regional scale, the trade-off seen globally between biodiversity and food security is nuanced by different regional contexts.
Axial compressor optimization method
Authors: Popov Grigorii , Baturin Oleg , Goriachkin Evgenii , Zubanov Vasilii , Volkov Andrei 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In the presented work, an algorithm was developed for finding the optimal configuration of the blades of multi-stage axial compressors using 3D CFD modeling as the main tool and using commercial optimization programs. When developing the algorithm, special attention was paid to the development of a method for parameterizing the shape of the blade and a program based on it, which allow you to automatically change the shape of the blade of the axial compressor. They were used by the authors during optimization as a tool that converts variable parameters into the “new” blade geometry. The created algorithm can be used to improve the basic parameters of the compressor (efficiency, pressure ratio, mass flow rate, etc.) due to the correction of the shape of the blade profiles and their position relative to each other. In this case, the algorithm considers the possible presence of various constraints.
High-precision analytical TDoA positioning algorithm for eliminating the ambiguity of coordinates determination
Authors: Kuptsov V D , Ivanov S I , Fedotov A A , Badenko V L 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
An analytical method is proposed for determining the position of an object based on the analysis of Time Difference of Arrival (TDoA) of signals from the transmitter of the object to the base stations (BS) receivers, which eliminates the ambiguity in determining the coordinates of the object on the plane and improves the accuracy of determining coordinates when the TDoA measurements are out of sync with base stations.
Influence of interference between the fuselage and the propeller ring on the maximum thrust of the air pusher propeller
Authors: Alesin Vladislav S. , Gubskiy Vitaliy V. , Pavlenko Olga V. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The geometrical parameters of ring profiles were presented and the estimation of its influence on the peak values of propeller thrust was described. The results of computational studies using software based on Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations to investigate the influence of the rear fuselage and the shape of the ring profile on the thrust of pusher propeller were presented. The pressure distribution and the velocity field changed depending on the shape of the rear fuselage and the ring profile, and their influence on the maximum thrust was shown.
Introduction
Authors: Williamson Timothy 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The Introduction focuses on the history of philosophy and intersections between philosophy, common sense, natural science, and mathematics, exploring what it means to do philosophy well in practice. How do we confirm that the methods philosophers use are appropriate for answering their questions? How is philosophy related to science? From the ancient Greeks onwards, philosophy included the study of the natural world. Galileo and Newton were scientists, Descartes a mathematician. When natural science and mathematics grew apart and developed their distinct methodologies, why was philosophy not rendered obsolete? What can philosophical methods still do better than scientific and mathematical methods?
Using other fields
Authors: Williamson Timothy 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
‘Using other fields’ looks at the connections between philosophy and other fields of systemic enquiry, from psychology and history to physics, economics, and computer science. Reading history is the closest we get to conducting experiments in politics, creating theories of political philosophy. Social anthropology helps us understand different cultures, beliefs, and arguments. Linguistics matters, as language is the essential medium of philosophy and looking for valid patterns across words helps us to assess philosophical experiments. Connections and messages in computer science, hypotheses in economics and mathematics, and perceptions in the sciences, all combine to inform our understanding of philosophy.
Long-Term Presentation of Postconcussion Symptoms and Associated Factors: Analysis of Latent Class Modeling
Authors: Hsu Huan-Hsuan , Lai Wen-Hsuan , Yu Hsiu-Ting , Xiao Sheng-Huang , Tsai Yi-Hsin , Wang Kuo-Chuan , Huang Sheng-Jean , Yang Chi-Cheng 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Objective
Postconcussion symptoms (PCS) are commonly reported by patients with mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI). Although PCS significantly recovered by 3-month postinjury, a number of patients still experienced persistent PCS for &gt;1 year. As few researchers investigated long-term PCS endorsement, the present study thus aims to show the latent structure of long-term PCS and further uncover its associating factors.

Methods
In total, 110 patients with MTBI and 32 healthy participants were prospectively enrolled. PCS was evaluated at 2 weeks and long-term evaluations (mean = 2.90 years) after MTBI. In addition, cognitive functions, which include memory, executive function, and information processing, and emotional disturbances, which include depression, anxiety, and irritability, were also examined at 2-week postinjury.

Results
Patients reported significantly more PCS at 2-week postinjury than healthy participants did, but PCS significantly improved at long-term evaluations when comparing with PCS at acute stage after MTBI. Both of PCS at 2 weeks and long-term evaluations can be further subdivided into subgroups based on the severity of PCS, in which specific PCS (e.g., fatigue, loss of energy, insomnia, slowness of information processing, irritability, and blurred vision) can be well differentiated among subgroups at long-term evaluations.

Conclusions
This study directly showed the characteristics of long-term PCS and associating factors. It further evidenced that specific physical, cognitive, and emotional symptoms might be determinant to identify the subgroups of patients with long-term PCS endorsement.
Molecular characterization, biological function, tumor microenvironment association and clinical significance of m6A regulators in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Li Yin , Gu Jie , Xu Fengkai , Zhu Qiaoliang , Chen Yiwei , Ge Di , Lu Chunlai 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification can regulate a variety of biological processes. However, the implications of m6A modification in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remain largely unknown. Here, we systematically evaluated the m6A modification features in more than 2400 LUAD samples by analyzing the multi-omics features of 23 m6A regulators. We depicted the genetic variation features of m6A regulators, and found mutations of FTO and YTHDF3 were linked to worse overall survival. Many m6A regulators were aberrantly expressed in tumors, among which FTO, IGF2BP3, YTHDF1 and RBM15 showed consistent alteration features across 11 independent cohorts. Besides, the regulator-pathway interaction network demonstrated that m6A modification was associated with various biological pathways, including immune-related pathways. The correlation between m6A regulators and tumor microenvironment was also assessed. We found that LRPPRC was negatively correlated with most tumor-infiltrating immune cells. On the other hand, we established a scoring tool named m6Sig, which was positively correlated with PD-L1 expression and could reflect both the tumor microenvironment characterization and prognosis of LUAD patients. Comparison of CNV between high and low m6Sig groups revealed differences on chromosome 7. Application of m6Sig on an anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy cohort confirmed that the high m6Sig group demonstrated therapeutic advantages and clinical benefits. Our study indicated that m6A modification is involved in many aspects of LUAD and contributes to tumor microenvironment formation. A better understanding of m6A modification will provide more insights into the molecular mechanisms of LUAD and facilitate developing more effective personalized treatment strategies. A web application was built along with this study (http://www.bioinfo-zs.com/luadexpress/).
Fast Lasso method for large-scale and ultrahigh-dimensional Cox model with applications to UK Biobank
Authors: Li Ruilin , Chang Christopher , Justesen Johanne M , Tanigawa Yosuke , Qian Junyang , Hastie Trevor , Rivas Manuel A , Tibshirani Robert 
Published: August 2020

SummaryWe develop a scalable and highly efficient algorithm to fit a Cox proportional hazard model by maximizing the $L^1$-regularized (Lasso) partial likelihood function, based on the Batch Screening Iterative Lasso (BASIL) method developed in Qian and others (2019). Our algorithm is particularly suitable for large-scale and high-dimensional data that do not fit in the memory. The output of our algorithm is the full Lasso path, the parameter estimates at all predefined regularization parameters, as well as their validation accuracy measured using the concordance index (C-index) or the validation deviance. To demonstrate the effectiveness of our algorithm, we analyze a large genotype-survival time dataset across 306 disease outcomes from the UK Biobank (Sudlow and others, 2015). We provide a publicly available implementation of the proposed approach for genetics data on top of the PLINK2 package and name it snpnet-Cox.
‘I Never Felt like an Illegal Immigrant Until Social Work Turned up at the Hospital’: No Recourse to Public Funds as Necropolitical Exception
Authors: Farmer Natalia 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis article argues that the notion of ‘illegality’ has become a dominant aspect in social work practice for those who are subject to immigration control and have no recourse to public funds (NRPFs). Drawing together conceptual tools from the theoretical work of Giorgio Agamben and Achille Mbembé, necropolitical exception in social work will be explored to analyse how this has impacted upon racialised bodies within the UK immigration system. The findings presented in this article are based upon Ph.D. research conducted between July 2017 and October 2018 in Glasgow, Scotland, and includes ethnographic qualitative data from case studies with the Asylum Seeker Housing Project. It focuses on interviews that explore the lived experiences of those categorised as ‘illegalised’ migrants to examine the implications of necropolitical exception for those with NRPF, third sector caseworkers and statutory social workers. In framing those with NRPF as ‘illegal’, this article demonstrates that social workers have become drawn into agents of necropolitical exception that demands critical scrutiny.
Theory of Mind Following the Violation of Strong and Weak Prior Beliefs
Authors: Kim Minjae J , Mende-Siedlecki Peter , Anzellotti Stefano , Young Liane 
Published: August 2020

AbstractRecent work in psychology and neuroscience has revealed differences in impression updating across social distance and group membership. Observers tend to maintain prior impressions of close (vs. distant) and ingroup (vs. outgroup) others in light of new information, and this belief maintenance is at times accompanied by increased activity in Theory of Mind regions. It remains an open question whether differences in the strength of prior beliefs, in a context absent social motivation, contribute to neural differences during belief updating. We devised a functional magnetic resonance imaging study to isolate the impact of experimentally induced prior beliefs on mentalizing activity. Participants learned about targets who performed 2 or 4 same-valenced behaviors (leading to the formation of weak or strong priors), before performing 2 counter-valenced behaviors. We found a greater change in activity in dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (DMPFC) and right temporo-parietal junction following the violation of strong versus weak priors, and a greater change in activity in DMPFC and left temporo-parietal junction following the violation of positive versus negative priors. These results indicate that differences in neural responses to unexpected behaviors from close versus distant others, and ingroup versus outgroup members, may be driven in part by differences in the strength of prior beliefs.
Quantity Metrics and Proxy Indicators to Estimate the Volume and Appropriateness of Antibiotics Prescribed in French Nursing Homes: A Cross-sectional Observational Study Based on 2018 Reimbursement Data
Authors: Simon Maïa , Pereira Ouarda , Hulscher Marlies E J L , Schouten Jeroen , Thilly Nathalie , Pulcini Céline 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background
Antibiotic resistance is an increasing threat to public health globally. Indicators on antibiotic prescribing are required to guide antibiotic stewardship interventions in nursing homes. However, such indicators are not available in the literature. Our main objective was to provide a set of quantity metrics and proxy indicators to estimate the volume and appropriateness of antibiotic use in nursing homes.

Methods
Recently published articles were first used to select quantity metrics and proxy indicators, which were adapted to the French nursing home context. A cross-sectional observational study was then conducted based on reimbursement databases. We included all community-based nursing homes of the Lorraine region in northeastern France. We present descriptive statistics for quantity metrics and proxy indicators. For proxy indicators, we also assessed performance scores, clinimetric properties (measurability, applicability, and room for improvement), and conducted case-mix and cluster analyses.

Results
A total of 209 nursing homes were included. We selected 15 quantity metrics and 11 proxy indicators of antibiotic use. The volume of antibiotic use varied greatly between nursing homes. Proxy indicator performance scores were low, and variability between nursing homes was high for all indicators, highlighting important room for improvement. Six of the 11 proxy indicators had good clinimetric properties. Three distinct clusters were identified according to the number of proxy indicators for which the acceptable target was reached.

Conclusions
This set of 15 quantity metrics and 11 proxy indicators may be adapted to other contexts and could be used to guide antibiotic stewardship programs in nursing homes.
Vote Trading in Power-Sharing Systems: A Laboratory Investigation
Authors: Tsakas Nikolas , Xefteris Dimitrios , Ziros Nicholas 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Vote trading in power-sharing systems—i.e., systems in which a voter’s utility with respect to the election’s outcome is proportional to the vote share of her favourite party—is, in theory, welfare improving. However, trading votes for money in majoritarian systems may have detrimental welfare effects, especially when voters’ preference intensities are similar (Casella et al., 2012). We use a laboratory experiment to test the effect of vote trading in each of these popular electoral systems on voter welfare and find strong evidence in support of the above intuitions: vote trading in power-sharing systems boosts aggregate welfare across all considered specifications, but it is not welfare improving in majoritarian systems. Importantly, and contrary to theoretical predictions, a substantial share of subjects consistently loses from vote trading even in power-sharing systems, indicating that its welfare effects are not unambiguous.