bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of blue and red light on physiological and biochemical characteristics of wheat plants
Authors: Azizov I. V. , Gasymova F. I. , Ibragimova U. F. , Tagiyeva K. R. , Abdullayeva A. B. 
Published: November 2020

Aim. The effect of blue and red light on the activity of catalase and ascorbate peroxidase, the content of proteins and soluble carbohydrates in the leaves of wheat varieties under the action of sodium chloride were investigated. Methods. The objects of research were bread wheat Saratovskaya-29 (Triticum aestivum L.) and durum wheat Barakatli-95 (Triticum durum Desf.). Plants were grown in laboratory conditions in an aqueous medium using a Knoop nutrient medium. Experimental plants were coated with transparent films transmitting light at wavelengths of 420-480 nm (blue light) and 640-680 nm (red light). During the growing season, samples of fully formed leaves were taken for physiological and biochemical studies every week at 11 a.m. Results. Under the action of sodium chloride, the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide in white light was higher than in blue and red light (table). Low catalase activity was also observed in blue and red light under the influence of sodium chloride in both varieties. In bread wheat variety Saratovskaya -29 level of hydrogen peroxide, the activity of catalase and ascorbate peroxidase enzymes was lower than that of the Barakatli-95 durum wheat variety. Conclusions. Blue light stimulated the synthesis of proteins, while red light stimulated the synthesis of carbohydrates. Blue and red light prevented the formation of H2O2 under the influence of NaCl.
Keywords: blue light, red light, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, proteins, carbohydrates.
The effect of mutations in the alleles Gli-B1b and Gli-B1l on grain quality indices of common wheat
Authors: Kozub N. A. , Sozinov I. O. , Bidnyk H. Ya. , Demianova N. O. , Sozinova O. I. , Blume Ya. B. 
Published: November 2020

Aim. The aim of this study was to analyze quality indices in mutants at gliadin loci developed on the basis of the common wheat cultivar Bezostaya 1. Methods. Acid polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and SDS-electrophoresis of storage proteins were performed to check mutations. Grain quality indices (SDS sedimentation volume, grain hardness, seed plumpness, and grain protein content) were analyzed: Results. Both mutants at Gli-R1 with the intensified secalin component and with the changed mobility of the secalin component showed lower grain hardness in comparison with the respective non-mutant lines. The mutation of the allele Gli-B1b causing the absence of synthesis of the g-gliadin and the minor w-gliadin resulted in the decrease in grain hardness and in the increase in the SDS-sedimentation volume. Seeds of the Gli-B1b mutant with the absence of synthesis of the major w-gliadin were less plump and showed higher protein content than in the non-mutant line. Conclusions. The effects of mutations of the allele Gli-B1b associated with the absence of certain gliadin components and Gli-R1 mutations on grain quality indices were revealed.
Keywords: Triticum aestivum, gliadins, secalins, SDS-sedimentation, grain hardness.
Yield capacity and grain quality of productive Triticum aestivum L. mutants, induced by chemical mutagenic factors of the environment
Authors: Morhun V. V. , Yakymchuk R. A. 
Published: November 2020

Aim. Taking into account the fact that the zones of local massive chemical soil contamination could have unique conditions of the effect of gene-toxic factors on living organisms, the purpose of the research was to study yield capacity and some parameters of grain quality of productive T. aestivum L. mutants, induced by chemical techno-genic mutagenic factors of the environment. Methods. The yield from each plot was determined based on three-year data. The determination of the total protein and gluten content and the studying of the indicators of grain firmness were carried out in M6 by the method of infra-red spectroscopy (NIR). Gluten quality was determined by sedimentation indicator SDS-30. Results. Samples were selected whose yield exceeded the initial form by 1.2–9.0%. In most of them by the content of protein and gluten in grain, the indicator of sedimentation and grain firmness corresponds to the level of an initial form or does not equal it considerably. Mutant sample No. 5561 of cultivar Albatros odeskyi, induced by the contamination with the discharges of Burshtyn ThPS, was found; its yield capacity was supplemented by a serious increase of grain quality indicators. Conclusions. Using the effect of chemical techno-genic mutagenic factors of the environment, it is possible to improve the indicators of wheat yield capacity and grain quality. The expansion of the genetic diversification of the initial breeding material due to a gene-toxic effect of xenobiotics creates perspectives for its use to implement breeding-genetic programs of the improvement of wheat cultivars.
Keywords: Triticum aestivum L., mutagenic factors, productive mutants, yield capacity, grain quality.
Genetic analysis of oleic acid content in the oils of maize mutants amylose extender
Authors: Tymchuk D. S. , Potapenko H. S. , Tymchuk N. F. , Torianyk I. I. 
Published: November 2020

Aim. Genetic analysis of oleate content in the carriers of maize mutation ae. Methods. In two-year experiments 10 unrelared on origin inbreds – carriers of ae mutation and a series of hybrids from their diallel and top-cross crossings were analysed. The analysis of the fatty acid composition of oil was carried out using a modified gas-chromatographic Peysker method. Results. It was found that the carriers of maize ae mutation are characterized by a higher oleate content compared to the maize of common type, however the oleate content in the oils of ae mutants was lower than that of the mutants su1 and su2. The different inbreds – carriers of the ae mutation differed among themselves by the the effects of the combining abilities for the oleate content in oil. The inheritance of oleate content by hybrids based on the ae mutation was similar to the type of incomplete dominance with a significant contribution of additive effects to the variance. Conclusions. In the carriers of ae maize mutation, the spatial linkage in the fifth chromosome of ae mutant gene with the oleate – encoding locus, the effect of which is modified by the polygenic complex, is likely.
Keywords: Zea mays L., mutation ae, oleic acid, genetic analysis.
Identification of homogeneous forms of winter wheat under controlled conditions by the cluster analysis method
Authors: Tishchenko V. N. , Husenkova O. V. , Batashova M. E. , Kolesnik A. V. , Dubenetc N. V. 
Published: November 2020

Aim. The purpose of the research is to identify the best genotypes of winter wheat balanced by quantitative characteristics and productivity by three sowing dates. Methods. Structural analysis of plants, mathematical and statistical analysis, cluster analysis. Results. For four years the Govtva winter wheat variety and lines (Peremoha 2 × Kolomak 5) × Stanichnaya, (Peremoha 2 × Kolomak 3) × Stanichnaya were in the best groups of the best clusters at different sowing dates. The line (Peremoha 2 × Kolomak 3) × Zernohrad 11 during 2013-2015 formed high indicators of signs of productivity and prolificness. Such varieties of winter wheat as Samara-2, Sanzhara, Radivonovka, lines - Lord × Manzhelia, Lord × Krizhinka, which for two years in a row (2015-2016) were concentrated in the best groups of the best clusters for all sowing dates, can be used as the initial breeding material. Conclusions. As a result of studies which were held in 2013-2016, winter wheat genotypes were identified which form a high level of quantitative traits and yield regardless of the sowing date, which can be used as parent forms for creating highly productive varieties of winter wheat.
Keywords: winter wheat, signs, productivity.
The formation of muscle tissue and its quality in wild and domestic pigs
Authors: Khokhlov A. M. , Baranovskyi D. I. , Danilova T. M. , Fediaeva A. S. 
Published: November 2020

Aim. The aim of the study is to determine the peculiarities of muscular system formation of wild European wild boar body (Sus scrofa ferus) in comparison with modern basic breeds of pigs: large white, large black and north Caucasian, which have both theoretical and practical value. Methods. Objects of research – piglets and adult animals of European wild boar and domestic animals. Our task is to study age-related changes of growth and development of individual muscle groups in piglets of large white breed and Sus scrofa ferus piglets at 50-70 days of age, as well as to research the physicochemical properties of muscle tissue due to domestication of pigs. Results. Domestication of pig is a complex process. European wild boar has been the genetic base of breed formation process in Europe over the past 10-12 thousand years. The main role in this process belongs to such genetic mechanisms as mutation, recombination, heredity, variability and selection. Studies have established that one of domestication regularities of muscular system in animals is the result of artificial selection at each stage of animal ontogenesis. Conclusions. Exterior-constitutional changes in the proportions of pig skeleton have occurred in the process of pigs domestication and selection, at a ratio of mass of individual muscle groups. It was found that during domestication and selection of pigs, the proportion of muscles of pelvic limb and sacral spine increases, the quality of meat changes.
Keywords: domestication, species, ontogeny, breed, genotype.
Association of PPARG and PPARGC1 polymorphism with effectiveness of exercise-induced fat mass loss
Authors: Mazur Iu. Iu. , Drozdovska S. B. , Andrieieva O. V. , Vinnichuk Yu. , Polishchuk A. , Andreev I. O. , Dosenko V. Ye. , Pickering C. , Ahmetov I. I. 
Published: November 2020

Aim. Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARG) and PPARG coactivator 1α (PPARGC1A) is a key regulator of energy metabolism. This study examines the influence of PPARG and PPARGC1A gene polymorphisms on the PPARG expression, obesity risk, lipoprotein profile and effectiveness of the physical activity intervention for improvement of these parameters. Methods. 39 women with BMI>30 kg/m2 participated in the three-months fitness-program and followed a hypocaloric diet (1500 kCal). At the beginning and at the end of the program, the following anthropometric and biochemical parameters were measured: BMI, percentage of total and visceral fat, amount of plasma lipoproteins, cholesterol, and triglycerides. Single nucleotide polymorphisms were identified in PPARG (n=94) and PPARGC1A (n=138) genes. PPARG mRNA expression was measured through reverse transcription PCR. Results. The physical exercise intervention resulted in a significant fat mass loss in all participants (40.3±5.3% before the study vs 36.4±5.7% after the study, P<0.00001). Polymorphisms rs6442311, rs6846769, rs6846769 were associated with lower visceral fat percent, rs6442311 also correlated with PPARG expression. PPARGC1A polymorphisms rs4458444, rs2305681 were associated with plasma lipoproteins, cholesterol, and triglyceride content. Weight loss effectiveness was connected with rs17650401, rs9833097, rs12629751. Conclusions. After correction for multiple comparisons only rs17650401, of PPARGC1A gene was associated with more effective fat mass reduction.
Keywords: PPARG, obesity, single nucleotide polymorphism, weight loss, exercise intervention.
Reproduction and endoreduplication in Drosophila melanogaster Meig. when influenced by lead nitrate
Authors: Strashnyuk V. Yu. , Taglina O. V. 
Published: November 2020

Aim. The purpose of investigation was to study the reproductive ability and polyteny degree of chromosomes in Drosophila melanogaster Meig. under the influence of various concentrations of lead nitrate. Methods. Canton-S wild-type strain was used as the material. Flies developed on standard sugar-yeast medium, to which in the experiment lead nitrate was added in concentrations of 0.1, 1, and 10 mg/ml. The reproductive ability of the strain was evaluated by the number of adult offspring. The polyteny degree of chromosomes was studied on squashed preparations of larva salivary glands stained with acetoorsein by cytomorphometry. The preparations were obtained at late 3rd instar. Results. The number of adult offsprings decreased when lead nitrate was added to the nutrient medium: at a concentration of 0.1 mg/ml – by 22.8 %, at 1 mg/ml – by 38.9 %. A concentration of 10 mg/ml was lethal. Males showed greater sensitivity to the drug compared to females. The degree of polyteny of chromosomes in the salivary glands of larvae decreased on average by 5.0–6.5 %. Conclusions. Lead nitrate causes a significant, dose-dependent decrease in the reproductive ability of fruit flies and has a toxic effect on Drosophila cells, inhibiting the process of endoreduplication. Keywords: Drosophila melanogaster Meig., heavy metals, fecundity, giant chromosomes, polyteny.
Changeability in the pattern of white marking on a leaf of Trifolium repens L. is a bioindicator of presence in soil of agricultural lands of nitrate nitrogen and heavy metals
Authors: Toryanik V. M. , Mironets L. P. 
Published: November 2020

Aim. Conduct research between the variability of the pattern of white marking on a leaf of Trifolium repens L. and the content of nitrate nitrogen and heavy metals in soil of hayfield and pasture. Methods. Collection of leafs was carried out in 2019 during the period of mass flowering of plant. Identification of drawings of white marking on a leaf was carried out according to the method of IT. Paponova and P.Ya. Schwartzman, using the tables of J. L. Briubecker. Soils were tested for nitrate nitrogen and heavy metals in accordance with recommended methods. Results. In the total sample of T. repens L. collected from territories of the hayfield and pasture, detected 8 phenotypes, formed by a series of 7 alleles of gen V. In the sample from the territory of the hayfield, the phenotype O was most often found, in the sample from the territory of the pasture - the phenotypes of AH and C, much more often than in the territory of the hayfields – the phenotype of the BHC. In the hayfield, the frequency of «wild» phenotypes was higher, in the grassland – «mutant» phenotypes. In each of the studied territories unique phenotypes were detected: on the territory of hayfield – phenotype C in the form of a four-leaf, on the territory of the pasture – phenotypes of BHB and E. Pasture soil had a significantly higher content of nitrate nitrogen (almost 4 times), Fe (almost 2.5 times), Mn (1.6 times), Zn (2.4 times), Cu (1.8 times), Pb (more than 2 times) and Cd (more than 2 times) compared to soil of hayfield. Conclusions. A correlation was found between the frequency of T. repens phenotypes detected in the pattern of white markings on the leave and the presence in soil of hayfield and pasture of nitric nitrogen and heavy metals. However, it should be evaluated with caution, as the relationship between these indicators is although probable, but requires further investigation.
Keywords: Trifolium repens L., white marking on a leaf, bioindicator, soil, nitrate nitrogen, heavy metals.
Efficacious Response of Maize (Zea mays L.) Growth and Soil Changes to Phousphorous and Zinc Applications on Chromic Luvisols in North-Eastern Part of Nigeria
Authors: Abdullahi Maryam , Sadiq Abdulqadir Abubakar , Bello Abubakar 
Published: November 2020

The study aimed to study the efficacious response of maize growth and soil changes to phosphorous and zinc application on chromic luvisols in North-eastern part of Nigeria conducted at Teaching and Research Farm of School of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology, Modibbo Adama University, Yola during 2018 and 2019 cropping seasons. Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) was used in the experiment to test the various levels of P and Zn applications on TZL composite white improved variety of maize. Four levels of phosphorus (0, 10, 20 and 30 kg Pha-1) and three levels of zinc (0, 5 and 10 Zn ha-1) were applied on experimental plots of 4.5m x 5m replicated three times. Data obtained on the growth parameters and soil properties were measured and analyzed using ANOVA statistical package. Result indicate that the soil was predominantly sandy loam, organic matter (mean =0.92 gkg-1), total N (mean = 0.35 gkg-1) Available phosphorous (mean = 8.6 mgkg-1) Zinc (mean = 7.25 mgkg-1) and exchangeable cations (means= Ca2+ =0.26 cmolkg-1, Mg2+ =0.27 cmolkg-1, K+ =1.83, Na+ =0.85 cmolkg-1) and CEC = 5.32 respectively. The effects of P and Zn did not show any significant difference on plants height in both years of experimentation except at harvest where main effect of P showed slightly taller plants at 30 kg Pha-1 level in 2018 (202.11 cm) and 2019 (206.11 cm). Generally the mean values of plant heights at various P levels are higher than that at the Zn levels. Similarly, there were no significant differences in the leaf area, however, highest mean values of 236.1 cm2 and 227.6 cm2 was observed at 30 kg Pha-1 and 10 kg Znha-1 in both 2018 and 2019 cropping years. while Leaf Area Index shows highest values of 2.98 cm2 and 2.54 cm2 observed at 30 kg Pha-1 and 10 kg Znha-1 and interaction effects was significant P = (0.05) in both years respectively. Available P in soil after the harvest of 2018 the available P was significantly affected. Highest mean values of P content were 13.14 mgkg-1 and 14.97 mgkg-1 in 2018 and 2019 with 30kg Pha-1. Also, there was significant difference in the main effect of the Zinc treatments on available Zn in the soil in 2019 where the highest mean value of 4.03 mgkg-1 was recorded at 0 kg Zn ha-1. Therefore, application of 30 kg P ha-1 and 10 kg Zn ha-1 as evidenced to maintain the soil nutrients and thus should be employed for sustainable maize production in the area.
Biosynthesis of Hydroxy Citric Acid Mediated Zinc Nanoparticles and Its Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activity
Authors: Shankar S. Barani , Arivarasu Lakshminarayanan , Rajeshkumar S. 
Published: November 2020

Aim: To evaluate biosynthesis of hydroxy citric acid mediated zinc nanoparticle and its antioxidant and cytotoxic activity
Introduction: Hydroxy citric acid is a chemical that is found in fruit rinds of Garcinia cambogia, Garcinia indica, and Garcinia atroviridis. Hydroxy citric acid is used to improve exercise performance and weight loss. Hydroxy citric acid can cause nausea, digestive tract discomfort, and headache when used short-term. Long-term safety is unknown.Zinc oxide nanoparticles are nanoparticles of zinc oxide that have diameters less than 100 nanometers. Zinc nanoparticles have a large surface area relative to their size and high catalytic activity. The exact physical and chemical properties of zinc oxide nanoparticles depend on the different ways they are synthesized. zinc oxide nanoparticles have also been shown to exhibit strong protein adsorption properties, which can be used to modulate cytotoxicity, metabolism or other cellular responses.
Materials and Methods: Evaluation of anti-oxidant was done by DPPH activity and evaluation of cytotoxic activity was done by brine shrimp lethality assay. Colour changes was noted in evaluation of cytotoxic activity
Results: The antioxidant activity was exhibited well at higher doses when compared to standard, but there was only 40% of cytotoxicity achieved which indicates its potential.Cytotoxic activity reveals that the drug showed a very good result at a concentration of 25 ul it showed a 40% of lethality thereby showing that Hydroxycitric acid medicated zinc oxide nanoparticles shows a potent activity when compared to that with the standard.
Conclusion: The study concludes that hydroxy citric acid shows good antioxidant and cytotoxic activity.
1D Organic Micro/Nanostructures for Photonics
Authors: Shi Ying‐Li , Wang Xue‐Dong 
Published: November 2020

Abstract1D organic micro/nanostructures (OMNSs) based on π‐conjugated molecules are considered to be suitable candidates as photonic units due to their unique photophysical advantages over traditional ones in low‐temperature solution‐processed approach, tunable emission color, the built‐in cavity for optical confinement, and so forth. These inherent characteristics of OMNSs make them have broad application prospects in photonics devices, such as nanolasers, optical waveguides, and optical logical gates. In this review, the recent processes of OMNSs in terms of light generation, light confinement, and propagation are introduced, separately. Some representative works of OMNSs are discussed in the direction of optical modulation and processing. However, huge challenges still remain before the OMNSs are actually used as components of optical circuits in the photonics chips. The summary and the expectations are presented for the future development of 1D organic micro/nanostructures photonics.
Transparent and Flexible Inorganic Perovskite Photonic Artificial Synapses with Dual‐Mode Operation
Authors: Yang Lin , Singh Mriganka , Shen Shin‐Wei , Chih Ke‐Yun , Liu Shun‐Wei , Wu Chih‐I , Chu Chih‐Wei , Lin Hao‐Wu 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWith the rapid development of artificial intelligence, the simulation of the human brain for neuromorphic computing has demonstrated unprecedented progress. Photonic artificial synapses are strongly desirable owing to their higher neuron selectivity, lower crosstalk, wavelength multiplexing capabilities, and low operating power compared to their electric counterparts. This study demonstrates a highly transparent and flexible artificial synapse with a two‐terminal architecture that emulates photonic synaptic functionalities. This optically triggered artificial synapse exhibits clear synaptic characteristics such as paired‐pulse facilitation, short/long‐term memory, and synaptic behavior analogous to that of the iris in the human eye. Ultraviolet light illumination‐induced neuromorphic characteristics exhibited by the synapse are attributed to carrier trapping and detrapping in the SnO2 nanoparticles and CsPbCl3 perovskite interface. Moreover, the ability to detect deep red light without changes in synaptic behavior indicates the potential for dual‐mode operation. This study establishes a novel two‐terminal architecture for highly transparent and flexible photonic artificial synapse that can help facilitate higher integration density of transparent 3D stacking memristors, and make it possible to approach optical learning, memory, computing, and visual recognition.
Engineering Aptamer Switches for Multifunctional Stimulus‐Responsive Nanosystems
Authors: Rangel Alexandra E. , Hariri Amani A. , Eisenstein Michael , Soh H. Tom 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAlthough RNA and DNA are best known for their capacity to encode biological information, it has become increasingly clear over the past few decades that these biomolecules are also capable of performing other complex functions, such as molecular recognition (e.g., aptamers) and catalysis (e.g., ribozymes). Building on these foundations, researchers have begun to exploit the predictable base‐pairing properties of RNA and DNA in order to utilize nucleic acids as functional materials that can undergo a molecular “switching” process, performing complex functions such as signaling or controlled payload release in response to external stimuli including light, pH, ligand‐binding and other microenvironmental cues. Although this field is still in its infancy, these efforts offer exciting potential for the development of biologically based “smart materials”. Herein, ongoing progress in the use of nucleic acids as an externally controllable switching material is reviewed. The diverse range of mechanisms that can trigger a stimulus response, and strategies for engineering those functionalities into nucleic acid materials are explored. Finally, recent progress is discussed in incorporating aptamer switches into more complex synthetic nucleic acid‐based nanostructures and functionalized smart materials.