bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Temporizing management vs immediate delivery in early‐onset severe preeclampsia between 28 and 34 weeks of gestation (TOTEM study): An open‐label randomized controlled trial
Authors: Duvekot Johannes J. , Duijnhoven Ruben G. , van Horen Eva , Bax Caroline J. , Bloemenkamp Kitty W. , Brussé Ingrid A. , Dijk Peter H. , Franssen Maureen T. , Franx Arie , Oudijk Martijn A. , Porath Martina M. , Scheepers Hubertina C. , van Wassenaer‐Leemhuis Aleid G. , van Drongelen Joris , Mol Ben W. , Ganzevoort Wessel ,   the TOTEM study collaboration group
Published: August 2020

AbstractIntroductionThere is little evidence to guide the timing of delivery of women with early‐onset severe preeclampsia. We hypothesize that immediate delivery is not inferior for neonatal outcome but reduces maternal complications compared with temporizing management.Material and methodsThis Dutch multicenter open‐label randomized clinical trial investigated non‐inferiority for neonatal outcome of temporizing management as compared with immediate delivery (TOTEM NTR 2986) in women between 27+5 and 33+5 weeks of gestation admitted for early‐onset severe preeclampsia with or without HELLP syndrome. In participants allocated to receive immediate delivery, either induction of labor or cesarean section was initiated at least 48 hours after admission. Primary outcomes were adverse perinatal outcome, defined as a composite of severe respiratory distress syndrome, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, culture proven sepsis, intraventricular hemorrhage grade 3 or worse, periventricular leukomalacia grade 2 or worse, necrotizing enterocolitis stage 2 or worse, and perinatal death. Major maternal complications were secondary outcomes. It was estimated 1130 women needed to be enrolled. Analysis was by intention‐to‐treat.ResultsThe trial was halted after 35 months because of slow recruitment. Between February 2011 and December 2013, a total of 56 women were randomized to immediate delivery (n = 26) or temporizing management (n = 30). Median gestational age at randomization was 30 weeks. Median prolongation of pregnancy was 2 days (interquartile range 1‐3 days) in the temporizing management group. Mean birthweight was 1435 g after immediate delivery vs 1294 g after temporizing management (P = .14). The adverse perinatal outcome rate was 55% in the immediate delivery group vs 52% in the temporizing management group (relative risk 1.06; 95% confidence interval 0.67‐1.70). In both groups there was one neonatal death and no maternal deaths. In the temporizing treatment group, one woman experienced pulmonary edema and one placental abruption. Analyses of only the singleton pregnancies did not result in other outcomes.ConclusionsEarly termination of the trial precluded any conclusions for the main outcomes. We observed that temporizing management resulted in a modest prolongation of pregnancy without changes in perinatal and maternal outcome. Conducting a randomized study for this important research question did not prove feasible.
Maternal breastmilk, infant gut microbiome and the impact on preterm infant health
Authors: Granger Claire L. , Embleton Nicholas D. , Palmer Jeremy M. , Lamb Christopher A. , Berrington Janet E. , Stewart Christopher J. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAimThis narrative review summarises the benefits of maternal breastmilk to both the infant and the mother, specifically the benefits that relate to modification of the infant microbiome, and how this might vary in the preterm infant.MethodsWe used PubMed to primarily identify papers, reviews, case series and editorials published in English until May 2020. Based on this, we report on the components of breastmilk, their associated hypothesised benefits and the implications for clinical practice.ResultsBreastmilk is recommended as the exclusive diet for newborn infants because it has numerous nutritional and immunological benefits. Additionally, exposure to the maternal breastmilk microbiome may confer a lasting effect on gut health. In the preterm infant, breastmilk is associated with a significant reduction in necrotising enterocolitis, an inflammatory gastrointestinal disease and reduction in other key morbidities, together with improved neurodevelopmental outcomes.ConclusionThese impacts have long‐term benefits for the child (and the mother) even after weaning. This benefit is likely due, in part, to modification of the infant gut microbiome by breastmilk microbes and bioactive components, and provide potential areas for research and novel therapies in preterm and other high‐risk infants.
Review: Neonatal dialysis is technically feasible but ethical and global issues need to be addressed
Authors: Ranchin Bruno , Plaisant Franck , Demède Delphine , de Guillebon Jean‐Marie , Javouhey Etienne , Bacchetta Justine 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAimOur aim was to look at the technical, ethical and global issues related to neonatal dialysis.MethodsWe performed a PubMed research on manuscripts published from March 2010 to March 2020 and retrospectively reviewed all neonates who received dialysis in our French paediatric and neonatal intensive care units from April 2009 to March 2019.ResultsDialysis is performed on neonates with pre‐existing renal diseases, acute kidney injuries or inborn errors of metabolism. It is required in 0.5%‐1% of neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care units. Peritoneal dialysis and extracorporeal blood purification are both feasible, with more complications, but the results are close to those obtained in older infants, at least in children without multi‐organ dysfunction. Novel haemodialysis machines are being evaluated. Ethical issues are a major concern. Multidisciplinary teams should consider associated comorbidities, risks of permanent end‐stage renal disease and provide parents with full and neutral information. These should drive decisions about whether dialysis is in child's best interests.ConclusionNeonatal dialysis is technically feasible, but ethically challenging, and short‐term and long‐term data remain limited. Prospective studies and dialysis registries would improve global management and quality of life of these patients at risk of chronic kidney disease.
Letter: role of probiotics in the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Aguila Enrik John T. , Lontok Marie Antoinette D. C. , Aguila Eliezer James T. 
Published: August 2020

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Tian et al and Tian and Rong papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15731 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15931
Letter: is pneumococcal vaccination safe during the COVID‐19 pandemic?
Authors: Deniz Rabia , Çağatay Arif Atahan , Gül Ahmet 
Published: August 2020

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Al‐Ani et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15779 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15940
Letter: faecal microbiota transplantation for irritable bowel syndrome—room for improvement
Authors: Ianiro Gianluca , Porcari Serena , Ford Alexander Charles , Gasbarrini Antonio , Cammarota Giovanni 
Published: August 2020

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Lahtinen et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15740 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15942
Letter: role of probiotics in the COVID‐19 pandemic—authors' reply
Authors: Tian Yuan , Rong Long 
Published: August 2020

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Tian et al and Aguila et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15731 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15898
Letter: is pneumococcal vaccination safe during the COVID‐19 pandemic? Authors’ reply
Authors: Al‐Ani Aysha H. , Johnson Doug , Christensen Britt 
Published: August 2020

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Al‐Ani et al and Deniz et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15779 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15903
Letter: faecal microbiota transplantation for irritable bowel syndrome—room for improvement. Authors' reply
Authors: Lahtinen Perttu , Jalanka Jonna , Hartikainen Anna , Mattila Eero , Hillilä Markku , Punkkinen Jari , Koskenpato Jari , Anttila Veli‐Jukka , Tillonen Jyrki , Satokari Reetta , Arkkila Perttu 
Published: August 2020

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Lahtinen et al and Ianiro et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15740 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15923
Letter: optimising response to ustekinumab therapy for patients with Crohn’s disease
Authors: Hudson Joshua , Herfarth Hans H. , Barnes Edward L. 
Published: August 2020

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Kopylov et al and Kopylov papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15784 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15974
Letter: optimising response to ustekinumab therapy for patients with Crohn’s disease—author's reply
Authors: Kopylov Uri 
Published: August 2020

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Kopylov et al and Hudson et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15784 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15961
Letter: sequential or combined systemic treatment for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma—authors' reply
Authors: Kirstein Martha M. , Scheiner Bernhard , Pinter Matthias , Vogel Arndt 
Published: August 2020

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Kirstein et al and Mo et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15789 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15952
Editorial: treating hepatorenal syndrome—a window and the views. Authors' reply
Authors: Allegretti Andrew S. , Jamil Khurram , Moore Kevin 
Published: August 2020

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Moore et al and Palaniyappan and Aithal et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15836 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15943
Letter: risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in immune‐tolerant phase of chronic hepatitis B—authors’ reply
Authors: Lee Han Ah , Kim Seung Up 
Published: August 2020

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Lee et al and Gattani et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15741 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15966
Estimates of the global reduction in liver disease‐related mortality with increased coffee consumption: an analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Dataset
Authors: Gow Paul , Spelman Tim , Gardner Sarah , Hellard Margaret , Howell Jessica 
Published: August 2020

SummaryBackgroundEpidemiological data suggest that coffee has a dose‐dependent protective effect on liver‐related mortality.AimTo estimate the potential impact of increased per capita coffee consumption on global liver‐related mortality.MethodsUsing the Global Burden of Disease 2016 dataset (adults > 15 years), we modelled the impact of increased per capita coffee consumption on liver‐related mortality in 2016 for 194 countries using published risk ratios for >2 cups coffee/ day (RR 0.54, 95% CI 0.42‐0.69) and ≥4 cups/ day (RR 0.29, 95% CI 0.17‐0.50), adjusted for confounders and tested model assumptions using sensitivity analyses.ResultsWorldwide, there were an estimated 1,240,201 (95% CI 118 4300‐1 354 410) adult liver‐related deaths in 2016. Median global liver mortality rate in 2016 was 15 deaths/ 100 000 population/ year (all ages, both genders; IQR 11‐21 deaths per 100 000). If all countries with per capita coffee intake ≤2 cups/ day increased to >2 cups/ day, the predicted total number of liver‐related deaths would have been 630 947 in 2016 (95% CI 629 693‐631 861) with 452 861 (95% CI 451 948‐454 116) deaths averted (PPR 7.8 liver‐related deaths/ 100 000/ year). If per capita consumption was ≥ 4 cups/ day, the predicted number of liver‐related deaths in 2016 would have been 360 523 (95% CI 359 825‐361 992) with 723 287 (95% CI 721 817‐723 984) deaths averted (PPR 12.1 liver‐related deaths/100 000/year).ConclusionIncreasing per capita coffee consumption to > 2 cups per day on a population level has the potential to avert hundreds of thousands of liver‐related deaths annually if the impact of coffee on liver‐related mortality is confirmed in clinical trials.
Regularized matrix data clustering and its application to image analysis
Authors: Gao Xu , Shen Weining , Zhang Liwen , Hu Jianhua , Fortin Norbert J. , Frostig Ron D. , Ombao Hernando 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWe propose a novel regularized mixture model for clustering matrix‐valued data. The proposed method assumes a separable covariance structure for each cluster and imposes a sparsity structure (eg, low rankness, spatial sparsity) for the mean signal of each cluster. We formulate the problem as a finite mixture model of matrix‐normal distributions with regularization terms, and then develop an expectation maximization type of algorithm for efficient computation. In theory, we show that the proposed estimators are strongly consistent for various choices of penalty functions. Simulation and two applications on brain signal studies confirm the excellent performance of the proposed method including a better prediction accuracy than the competitors and the scientific interpretability of the solution.
Diagnostic pathways in multiple myeloma and their relationship to end organ damage: an analysis from the Tackling Early Morbidity and Mortality in Myeloma (TEAMM) trial
Authors: Atkin Catherine , Iqbal Gulnaz , Planche Tim , Pratt Guy , Yong Kwee , Wood Jill , Raynes Kerry , Low Eric , Higgins Helen , Neal Richard D. , Dunn Janet , Drayson Mark T , Bowcock Stella ,   TEAMM Trial Management Group,   Trial Investigators
Published: August 2020

SummaryMultiple myeloma is associated with significant early morbidity and mortality, with considerable end organ damage often present at diagnosis. The Tackling EArly Morbidity and Mortality in Multiple Myeloma (TEAMM) trial was used to evaluate routes to diagnosis in patients with myeloma and the relationship between diagnostic pathways, time to diagnosis and disease severity. A total of 915 participants were included in the study. Fifty‐one per cent were diagnosed by direct referral from primary care to haematology; 29% were diagnosed via acute services and 20% were referred via other secondary care specialties. Patients diagnosed via other secondary care specialties had a longer diagnostic interval (median 120 days vs. 59 days) without an increase in features of severe disease, suggesting they had a relatively indolent disease. Marked intrahospital delay suggests possible scope for improvement. A quarter of those diagnosed through acute services reported >30 days from initial hospital consultation to haematology assessment. Participants diagnosed through acute services had poorer performance status (P < 0·0001) and higher burden of end organ damage (P < 0·0001) with no difference in the overall length of diagnostic pathway compared to those diagnosed by direct referral (median 59 days). This suggests that advanced disease in patients presenting through acute services predominantly reflects disease aggression.
DaPeCa‐7: comparative assessment of fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (CT) and conventional diagnostic CT in diagnosis of lymph node metastases, distant metastases and incidental findings in patients with invasive penile cancer
Authors: Jakobsen Jakob Kristian , Frahm Nielsen Tomas , Ipsen Pia , Albrecht‐Beste Elisabeth , Cardoso Costa Junia , Alslev Louise , Predbjørn Krarup Kim , Grønkær Toft Birgitte , Høyer Søren , Bouchelouche Kirsten , Bjerggaard Jensen Jørgen 
Published: August 2020

ObjectivesTo evaluate diagnostic accuracy of 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG PET/CT) compared to contrast‐enhanced CT in assessment of inguinal lymph node (ILN) metastases, distant metastases and synchronous cancers in patients with penile squamous cell carcinoma (pSCC).Patients and MethodsDuring a 4‐year period, patients with pSCC were scheduled for FDG PET/CT prior to surgical treatment at two referral centres that manage all penile cancers in Denmark. The primary endpoint was diagnostic accuracy of FDG PET/CT and of CT alone with histopathology or Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors (RECIST) as reference.ResultsWe evaluated 171 patients for distant metastases and synchronous incident cancers and examined 286 groins in 143 patients for LN metastases by FDG PET/CT. Six groins disclosed false negatives. FDG PET/CT sensitivity was 85.4% per patient. In 135 patients (270 groins), CT images were evaluated separately and 22 groins disclosed false negatives. CT sensitivity was 47.5% per patient. FDG PET/CT detected pSCC distant metastases in seven patients. Distant metastases from other cancers were newly detected in three patients. In eight patients, an incidental synchronous cancer was detected. Seven out of the 18 distant malignancies detected depended on FDG PET information.ConclusionThis study underlines the increased diagnostic accuracy of FDG PET/CT compared to CT alone in the evaluation of ILN status. In patients with palpable LNs, the advantage of FDG PET/CT over CT is less pronounced. FDG PET/CT may play a role in penile cancer evaluation.
A novel histone deacetylase 6 inhibitor improves myelination of Schwann cells in a model of Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease type 1A
Authors: Ha Nina , Choi Young Il , Jung Namhee , Song Ju Young , Bae Dae Kwon , Kim Min Cheol , Lee Yong Jae , Song Hyeseung , Kwak Geon , Jeong Soyeon , Park Saeyoung , Nam Soo Hyun , Jung Sung‐Chul , Choi Byung‐Ok 
Published: August 2020

Background and PurposeCharcot–Marie–Tooth (CMT) disease is the most common hereditary peripheral neuropathy. CMT type 1A (CMT1A) accounts for approximately 50% of CMT patients and is linked to PMP22 gene duplication. Histone deacetylase‐6 (HDAC6) has pleiotropic effects, such as regulating lipid homeostasis and cellular stress. Although HDAC6 has been regarded as a promising drug target for neurodegenerative diseases, its inhibition has not yet been tested in CMT1A. Here we have tested the therapeutic potential of CKD‐504, a clinical stage HDAC6 inhibitor, in a mouse model of CMT1AExperimental ApproachThe potency and selectivity of CKD‐504 was evaluated, using a HDAC enzyme panel assay and western blots. The therapeutic potential of CKD‐504 was evaluated using behavioural testing and electrophysiological assessments in the C22 mouse model of CMT1A. PMP22 protein expression and aggregation were analysed in mesenchymal stem cell‐derived Schwann cells from CMT1A patients and sciatic nerves from C22 mice.Key ResultsThe HDAC6 inhibitor, CKD‐504, modulated molecular chaperon proteins such as HSP90 and HSP70, which are involved in the folding/refolding of proteins such as PMP22. CKD‐504 treatment restored myelination in both mesenchymal stem cell‐derived Schwann cells from CMT1A patients and sciatic nerves of C22 mice and improved the axonal integrity of the sciatic nerve, leading to behavioural, electrophysiological, and histological improvements in C22 mice.Conclusion and ImplicationsA novel HDAC6 inhibitor, CKD‐504, has potent therapeutic efficacy for CMT1A.
Child Temperament and Total Diurnal Cortisol in Out‐of‐Home Center‐Based Child Care and in At‐Home Parental Care
Authors: Tervahartiala Katja , Nolvi Saara , Kortesluoma Susanna , Pelto Juho , Hyttinen Sirpa , Junttila Niina , Ahtola Annarilla , Karlsson Hasse , Karlsson Linnea 
Published: August 2020

The association between child temperament characteristics and total diurnal saliva cortisol in 84 children (M = 2.3 years, SD = 0.6) attending out‐of‐home, center‐based child care and 79 children (M = 2.0 years, SD = 0.5) attending at‐home parental care was examined. Saliva samples were collected during two consecutive days, that is, Sunday and Monday, with four samples taken per day. While children higher in surgency had higher total diurnal cortisol production, we did not find evidence that temperament moderated the associations between child‐care context and total diurnal cortisol. Negative affectivity and effortful control were not related to cortisol output. Our findings suggest that temperamental surgency may be associated with higher total cortisol production in early childhood across child‐care settings.
Exome sequencing in patients with microphthalmia, anophthalmia, and coloboma (MAC) from a consanguineous population
Authors: Islam Farrah , Htun Stephanie , Lai Li‐Wen , Krall Max , Poranki Menitha , Martin Pierre‐Marie , Sobreira Nara , Wohler Elizabeth S. , Yu Jingwei , Moore Anthony T. , Slavotinek Anne M. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractNext‐generation sequencing strategies have resulted in mutation detection rates of 21% to 61% in small cohorts of patients with microphthalmia, anophthalmia and coloboma (MAC), but despite progress in identifying novel causative genes, many patients remain without a genetic diagnosis. We studied a cohort of 19 patients with MAC who were ascertained from a population with high rates of consanguinity. Using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays and whole exome sequencing (WES), we identified one pathogenic variant in TENM3 in a patient with cataracts in addition to MAC. We also detected novel variants of unknown significance in genes that have previously been associated with MAC, including KIF26B, MICU1 and CDON, and identified variants in candidate genes for MAC from the Wnt signaling pathway, comprising LRP6, WNT2B and IQGAP1, but our findings do not prove causality. Plausible variants were not found for many of the cases, indicating that our current understanding of the pathogenesis of MAC, a highly heterogeneous group of ocular defects, remains incomplete.
Randomized clinical trial comparing PEG‐based synthetic to porcine‐derived collagen membrane in the preservation of alveolar bone following tooth extraction in anterior maxilla
Authors: Shahdad Shakeel , Gamble Eugene , Matani Jay , Zhang Liang , Gambôa Ana 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectivesThe objective of this randomized controlled trial was to compare alveolar ridge preservation using a bone substitute material and covered with a synthetic or porcine collagen membrane.Materials and methodsThirty‐two sockets in the aesthetic maxillary region of 30 patients were randomized into two groups. Randomization was stratified according to bone wall defect. Flapless technique was used, and sockets were grafted with bi‐phasic calcium phosphate particulate bone substitute and covered by synthetic polyethylene glycol (PEG; test group) or porcine‐derived collagen membrane (CM; control group). No primary closure was attempted. A cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan was performed immediately after the surgical procedure and repeated 22 weeks later. OnDemand3D was used to superimpose scan images and assess changes. The mean vertical and horizontal percentage bone loss were calculated and implants placed after 6 months with or without additional augmentation.ResultsThere were no baseline differences between groups or dropouts. The mean percentage loss at the labial plate and at the coronal part of the sockets was statistically significantly lower in the test group compared with controls (−2.86% [SD = 13.48] versus 7.42% [SD = 11.95]; 13.45% [SD = 11.97] versus 28.59% [SD = 16.97]). Implants were placed after 6 months, and there was no difference in need for further augmentation between PEG (n = 5) or CM (n = 4).ConclusionSites treated with PEG membrane showed less percentage loss in horizontal and vertical measurements in this trial.