bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Graphic symbol preferences of adults with disabilities in one non-profit foundation in Greece
Authors: Pampoulou Eliada , Diamanti Ioanna 
Published: July 2020

Purpose
Graphic symbols, such as photographs, Makaton and Pics for PECS, are often used in the field of augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) to support people with complex communication disorders. However, there is little research focusing on the preferences of people with disabilities in terms of which type of graphic symbol they prefer to use for their communication interactions. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the symbol preferences of people with Autism Spectrum Disorder and those with intellectual disability. The research questions are as follows: Do people prefer coloured or black and white symbols? What type(s) of symbols do they prefer to use for their communication interactions? What type(s) of symbols do they consider more appropriate for children? What type(s) of symbols do they consider more appropriate for adults?

Design/methodology/approach
A questionnaire with simple instructions was used to elicit the information from the participants. Through purposive sampling, 25 participants between the ages of 20 and 32 were selected. Twelve participants had been diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder, while the rest had mild or moderate intellectual disability.

Findings
Most of the participants preferred coloured symbols. Of all the six types of symbols, they preferred to use photographs and considered these as being the most appropriate symbols for adults, whereas, for them, Talking Mats is better for children.

Originality/value
It is vital that the voices of people with disabilities are heard and taken into account when services are to be provided.
Rogue people: on adversarial crowdsourcing in the context of cyber security
Authors: Moradi Mohammad , Li Qi 
Published: July 2020

Purpose
Over the past decade, many research works in various disciplines have benefited from the endless ocean of people and their potentials (in the form of crowdsourcing) as an effective problem-solving strategy and computational model. But nothing interesting is ever completely one-sided. Therefore, when it comes to leveraging people's power, as the dark side of crowdsourcing, there are some possible threats that have not been considered as should be, such as recruiting black hat crowdworkers for organizing targeted adversarial intentions. The purpose of this paper is to draw more attention to this critical issue through investigation of its different aspects.

Design/methodology/approach
To delve into details of such malicious intentions, the related literature and previous researches have been studied. Then, four major typologies for adversarial crowdsourced attacks as well as some real-world scenarios are discussed and delineated. Finally, possible future threats are introduced.

Findings
Despite many works on adversarial crowdsourcing, there are only a few specific research studies devoted to considering the issue in the context of cyber security. In this regard, the proposed typologies (and addressed scenarios) for such human-mediated attacks can shed light on the way of identifying and confronting such threats.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors' knowledge, this the first work in which the titular topic is investigated in detail. Due to popularity and efficiency of leveraging crowds' intelligence and efforts in a wide range of application domains, it is most likely that adversarial human-driven intentions gain more attention. In this regard, it is anticipated that the present research study can serve as a roadmap for proposing defensive mechanisms to cope with such diverse threats.
Novel implementation of 3D multiplexers in nano magnetic logic technology
Authors: Farzaneh Farnoosh , Faghih Mirzaee Reza , Navi Keivan 
Published: July 2020

Purpose
Owing to recent challenges of CMOS manufacturing and power consumption in silicon technologies among alternative technologies, Nanomagnetic logic (NML) is one of the most promising technologies, so it was selected for this study. NML is non-volatile with ultra-low power dissipation that operates at room temperature. This paper aims to propose novel implementation of 2% and 4% multiplexers (MUXs) in NML technology.

Design/methodology/approach
The proposed multiplexers in NML technology are verified by HDL-based simulators. In addition, this study estimated area and power dissipation of the proposed design to compare and approve the promising improvements in comparison to other similar NML implementations.

Findings
The results show the remarkable improvements in terms of APDP term in comparison to the recent proposed MUXs in NML technology which are reported in Table 2. The proposed implementation of the MUX in NML is designed in three-dimensional layout to improve interconnection complexity which is an integration challenge. Also, by facilitating the routing signals and total wire length needed for clock signals, the negative impact of the power dissipated in clock wires is improved.

Originality/value
These findings would appeal to a broad audience, such as the readership of Microelectronics International Journal. The authors confirm that this work is original and has not been published elsewhere nor is it currently under consideration for publication elsewhere. All authors have approved the paper and agreed with submission to Microelectronics International Journal. The authors have read and have abided by the statement of ethical standards for manuscripts submitted to Microelectronics International Journal. The authors have no conflict of interest to declare.
The depth of brand engagement funnel: dimensionalizing interaction in social media brand communities
Authors: Rossolatos George 
Published: July 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to contribute to the augmenting literature on consumer brand engagement (CBE) in social media brand communities (SMBCs) by offering the model of the depth of brand engagement funnel (DOBEF). The model is intended to complement the multi-dimensional conceptualization of CBE in the extant consumer behaviour literature and to critically address some of its foundational tenets.

Design/methodology/approach
A computer-mediated discourse analytic (CMDA) approach is adopted while using a mixed methods research design whereby qualitative data are quantified with a view to enhancing the robustness of the interpretive procedure. The data comprise 170 UGC posts stemming from three fast-moving consumer goods brands’ SMBC threads. Additionally, a netnographic approach is adopted in data collection, while data analysis/synthesis proceeds with the application of the laddering technique with the aid of the computer-aided qualitative discourse analytic CAQDAS software atlas.ti.

Findings
The bulk of user-generated content (UGC) in the scrutinized brand initiated thematic threads were found to be relevant, albeit negatively valenced or lacking in relevance altogether. This behavioural response pattern to brand initiated themes poses significant constraints to the level and quality of CBE. Multi-dimensional engagement across the DOBEF’s strata was found to be scarce, while engagement diminishes gravely as the upper layers of the model are reached.

Research limitations/implications
By conducting analyses on coded data alongside DOBEF’s strata, rather than treating consumer comments as raw data, the narrowing down of the semantic focus of posted comments in a thread-specific fashion is enabled, thus meeting the narrow contextualization criterion that is lacking from various studies in the extant literature.

Practical implications
By shifting focus in identifying CBE levels in SMBCs from attitudinal/behavioural antecedents/outcomes towards the content of the interaction, a nuanced perspective is offered as regards the depth of interaction, while addressing posted comments not only in terms of valencing, but even more importantly of valorization.

Social implications
By attending closely to incidents of negative brand engagement, and by dimensionalizing engagement along the funnel’s strata, a more nuanced understanding of territories where brand communities contribute to the dilution, rather than the enhancement of brand equity was obtained.

Originality/value
This is the first paper that discusses engagement on the grounds of deeply-laden consumer axiologies and the degree to which these are congruent with specific brand initiated thematic threads in SMBCs. It is anticipated that the discourse analytic (DA) approach that is adopted here will instigate further research that attends to UGC in a small-data, highly context-specific, rather than a big-data vein.
Potential of grape byproducts as functional ingredients in baked goods and pasta
Authors: Iuga Mădălina , Mironeasa Silvia 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWine making industry generates high quantities of valuable byproducts that can be used to enhance foods in order to diminish the environmental impact and to obtain more economic benefits. Grape byproducts are rich in phenolic compounds and dietary fiber, which make them suitable to improve the nutritional value of bakery, pastry, and pasta products. The viscoelastic behavior of dough and the textural and the sensory characteristics of baked goods and pasta containing grape byproducts depend on the addition level and particle size. Thus, an optimal dose of a finer grape byproducts flour must be found in order to minimize the negative effects such as low loaf volume and undesirable sensory and textural characteristics they may have on the final product quality. In the same time, an enrichment of the nutritional and functional value of the product by increasing the fiber and antioxidant compounds contents is desired. The aim of this review was to summarize the effects of the chemical components of grape byproducts on the nutritional, functional, rheological, textural, physical, and sensory characteristics of the baked goods and pasta. Further researches about the impact of foods enriched with grape byproducts on the human health, about molecular interactions between components, and about the effects of grape pomace compounds on the shelf life of baked goods and pasta are recommended.
Facile potentiometric sensing of gallic acid in edible plants based on molecularly imprinted polymer
Authors: Yang Tan , Zhang Qian , Chen Tiane , Wu Wei , Tang Xin , Wang Ge , Feng Jianfang , Zhang Wei 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMolecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have become a valuable material in the field of electrochemical sensors, due to their selective recognition capabilities towards target molecules. A low‐cost potentiometric sensor based on molecular imprinting was developed for the measurement of gallic acid (GA) in edible plants. The imprinted polymer was synthesized by bulk polymerization in the presence of trimethylolpropane triacrylate as the cross‐linker and 2,2’‐azo‐bisisobutyronitrile as the initiator. The sensing component of the sensor was fabricated by the incorporation of MIPs in a polyvinyl chloride matrix. The species and amount of MIPs were optimized, and the imprinted poly(methacrylic acid) sensor was examined and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and potential response. The proposed sensor exhibited a fast near‐Nernst response to GA in the range of 1 × 10−5 to 3.2 × 10−4mol/L. The potentiometric measurement of GA in edible plants was checked by high‐performance liquid chromatography, and the two test results showed no significant difference (P > 0.05). The imprinted sensor is applicable to the electrochemical determination of GA in edible plants.Practical ApplicationThe proposed MIP‐based potentiometric sensor provided a low‐cost, efficient, and green tool for the rapid determination of the bioactive ingredient GA in edible plants. The knowledge obtained will offer useful reference to the quality control and bioactive assessment of botanical food.
Quality attributes of breads from high‐quality cassava flour improved with wet gluten
Authors: Akintayo Olaide A. , Oyeyinka Samson A. , Aziz Aziz O. , Olawuyi Ibukunoluwa F. , Kayode Rowland M. O. , Karim Olayinka R. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis study investigated the physical, chemical, and sensory attributes of breads produced from preheated high‐quality cassava flour (PCF) and its composite with wheat flour (CWF). Wet gluten was added to the PCF and CWF for production of bread, while bread from wheat served as the control. Flour functionality was determined prior to bread production. The moisture contents of the flour samples were in the range of 12.80 to 14.21%, and PCF exhibited water absorption capacity (1.12 mL/g) comparable to that of wheat flour (WF) (1.10 mL/g). There were significant (P < 0.05) differences in color characteristics, except in L* values and breads produced from WF and CWF were similar in specific volume (3.85 to 4.21 mL/g) and firmness (2.04 to 2.64 N). Breads from WF and CWF exhibited similar crumb microstructure, though gas bubbles in the sample from PCF appeared less developed. Wheat bread had significantly (P < 0.05) higher calorie, crude protein and crude fat, but lower crude fiber, ash, and carbohydrate compared to other bread samples. Sensory evaluation showed that bread from PCF was not significantly different from 100% wheat bread in crust color, texture, and overall acceptability but was impaired in flavor. The study revealed the feasibility of bread baking from preheated cassava flour with added gluten extract. The bread produced had some quality attributes comparable to that of wheat bread.Practical ApplicationBread from wheat‐cassava composite flour with added gluten was similar to wheat bread in specific volume and firmness while sample from cassava flour with added gluten compared favorably well with wheat bread in crust color, texture, and overall acceptability. Findings from the study present wheat gluten extract as a viable component to be used in nonwheat flours for bread making. This could be a basis to further add value to the gluten churned out as a by‐product in the wheat starch industry.
An empirical assessment of common or usual names to label cell‐based seafood products
Authors: Hallman William K. , Hallman William K. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAn important consideration in the commercialization of cell‐based meat, poultry, and seafood is what common or usual name to use on package labels to meet U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulations. However, naming these products has been the subject of considerable debate. This study used a 3 × 10 between‐subjects online experiment involving a quota sample of 3,186 U.S. adult panel participants to test common or usual names using images of realistic packages of three types of seafood that a consumer might encounter in a supermarket. The terms tested were, “cell‐based seafood,” “cell‐cultured seafood,” “cultivated seafood,” and “cultured seafood” and the phrases, “produced using cellular aquaculture,” “cultivated from the cells of ____,” and “grown directly from the cells of ____,” where the blanks are filled by the name of the seafood product. Five criteria were used for evaluation, including each term's ability to: enable consumers to distinguish cell‐based seafood from wild and farmed fish, to signal potential allergenicity, be seen by consumers as an appropriate term to identify the product, not disparage either cell‐based or conventional products, and not evoke thoughts, images, or emotions that are inconsistent with the idea that the products are safe, healthy, and nutritious. The results showed that “cell‐based seafood” outperforms the other names tested. It enables consumers to recognize that the products are neither wild caught nor farm raised, signals potential allergenicity, is seen as an appropriate name for describing the technology/process, and it performs well with respect to measures of consumer acceptance, particularly in comparison to conventional products.Practical ApplicationCreating consensus around a single common or usual name for cell‐based meat, poultry, and seafood products is clearly important both for regulatory reasons and for shaping public perceptions and understanding of the products that are labeled with it. Our findings suggest that “cell‐based” is the best common or usual name for seafood products that both meets FDA regulatory requirements and performs well with respect to potential consumer acceptance. Consistent use of this term by industry, advocates, and regulators would help orient consumers to what is likely to be a transformational food technology.
Effectiveness and safety of endothelin receptor antagonists, alone and in combination therapy, in the pulmonary arterial hypertension‐connective tissue disease subtype: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Shivakumar Senthuran , Thynne Tilenka R. , Mohammadi Leila , Burdeniuk Christine , Mangoni Arduino A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIntroductionThere is limited information regarding the effectiveness of endothelin receptor antagonists (ERA) in patients with connective tissue disease‐pulmonary arterial hypertension (CTD‐PAH), a condition that is characterized by poorer clinical outcomes compared to other PAH subtypes.ObjectiveTo conduct a systematic review and meta‐analysis of the effectiveness and safety of ERA in CTD‐PAH.MethodsA literature search, using MEDLINE, COCHRANE, CINAHL and EMBASE databases was conducted, from inception to May 2019 to identify randomized control studies of ERA, as monotherapy or in combination with phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5i), in CTD‐PAH. A protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42019136956). Efficacy outcomes, including the 6‐minute walk distance (6MWD) and composite clinical failure endpoints (CFE), and safety outcomes were evaluated.ResultsA total of 13 studies, including 784 CTD‐PAH participants, were identified. ERA, as monotherapy, did not reduce the risk of CFE compared to placebo (odds ratio [OR] 0.77, 95% CI 0.50‐1.19, P = .25). By contrast, combination therapy (ERA + PDE5i) significantly reduced the risk of developing CFE vs monotherapy (OR 0.54, 95% CI 0.32‐0.90, P = .02). 6MWD did not improve when comparing monotherapy vs placebo (+17.41 m; 95% CI −19.83‐54.66) P = .36) or combination therapy vs monotherapy (+13.17 m; 95% CI −16.44‐42.78, P = .38). ERA‐related adverse events rates in CTD‐PAH and general PAH cohorts were comparable.ConclusionsERA, when used in combination with PDE5is, are associated with reduced risk of CFE, but no significant changes in 6MWD, in CTD‐PAH. This warrants further studies investigating early combination therapy as a standard of care in this group.
Quantitative analysis of endobronchial ultrasound elastography in computed tomography‐negative mediastinal and hilar lymph nodes
Authors: Uchimura Keigo , Yamasaki Kei , Sasada Shinji , Hara Sachika , Ikushima Issei , Chiba Yosuke , Tachiwada Takashi , Kawanami Toshinori , Yatera Kazuhiro 
Published: July 2020

BackgroundEndobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) elastography assists in the differentiation of benign and malignant lymph nodes (LNs) during transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA). However, previous studies have not compared B‐mode sonographic images (BSIs) and EBUS elastography images (EEIs) with final pathological diagnoses in radiologically normal‐sized (computed tomography [CT]‐negative) LNs.MethodsConsecutive patients with CT‐negative LNs, who received EBUS‐TBNA, were retrospectively reviewed. Images of BSIs and EEIs of each LN were stored and independently evaluated. EEIs were assessed by calculating the stiffness area ratio (SAR, blue/overall areas). The receiver operating characteristic curve was used to calculate the cutoff value for the SAR. Diagnostic test parameters were evaluated for each EBUS finding.ResultsA total of 132 patients (149 LNs) were enrolled, and the median SAR of malignant LNs was significantly higher than that of benign LNs (0.58 vs. 0.32, P < 0.001). At the SAR cutoff of 0.41, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value (NPV), and diagnostic accuracy rate (DAR) of elastography were 88.2%, 80.2%, 78.9%, 89.0%, and 83.9%, respectively. The logistic regression analysis showed that elastography was the strongest predictor of malignancy (odds ratio, 18.5; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 6.48–52.6; P < 0.001). The highest NPV (96.6%) was achieved with a combination of BSIs and EEIs.ConclusionsEBUS elastography predicted malignant LNs with a high DAR and NPV in CT‐negative LNs. The NPV was highest when EEIs were combined with BSIs. Therefore, the combined evaluation of CT‐negative LNs using EEIs and BSIs may help bronchoscopists perform EBUS‐TBNA more efficiently.Key pointsSignificant findings of the studyEndobronchial ultrasound elastography accurately predicted malignancy with a high diagnostic accuracy rate and negative predictive value in radiologically normal‐sized lymph nodes. The additional use of B‐mode sonographic features resulted in a higher negative predictive value.What this study addsEndobronchial ultrasound elastography can guide the accurate collection of specimens with transbronchial needle aspiration, even in radiologically normal‐sized lymph nodes. It can also readily distinguish benign and malignant lymph nodes, thus avoiding unnecessary punctures.
The SIRT6 activator MDL‐800 improves genomic stability and pluripotency of old murine‐derived iPS cells
Authors: Chen Yu , Chen Jiayu , Sun Xiaoxiang , Yu Jiayu , Qian Zhen , Wu Li , Xu Xiaojun , Wan Xiaoping , Jiang Ying , Zhang Jian , Gao Shaorong , Mao Zhiyong 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCellular reprogramming is an emerging strategy for delaying the aging processes. However, a number of challenges, including the impaired genome integrity and decreased pluripotency of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from old donors, may hinder their potential clinical applications. The longevity gene, Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6), functions in multiple biological processes such as the maintenance of genome integrity and the regulation of somatic cell reprogramming. Here, for the first time, we demonstrate that MDL‐800, a recently developed selective SIRT6 activator, improved genomic stability by activating two DNA repair pathways—nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) and base excision repair (BER) in old murine‐derived iPSCs. More interestingly, we found that pretreating old murine iPSCs, which normally exhibit a restricted differentiation potential, with MDL‐800 promoted the formation of teratomas comprised of all three germ layers and robustly stimulated chimera generation. Our findings suggest that pharmacological activation of SIRT6 holds great promise in treating aging‐associated diseases with iPSC‐based cell therapy.
Corporate tax effects of economic policy uncertainty
Authors: Kang Wensheng , Wang Jing 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe show consistent results that corporate cash tax burden within a year rises when economic policy uncertainty heightens using aggregate‐level data. Time‐varying tax effects of policy uncertainty are gradual and take time to induce corporate precautionary motives to engage in cash tax saving in the long run. Firm‐level analysis confirms that the tax effects of policy uncertainty are asymmetric and depend on underlying sources of monetary/fiscal policy uncertainty. The contemporaneous effect of monetary policy uncertainty on the cash effective tax rate is positive, whereas fiscal policy uncertainty shows a one‐year delayed negative effect on the cash effective tax rate.
Dental extraction in a patient with undiagnosed Von Willebrand’s Disease: a case report
Authors: Baghaie H , Forrest B , Shukla K , Liu T 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDental extractions are a common part of general dental practice. While dentists routinely screen for medical contraindications during the preoperative assessment, undiagnosed coagulopathies have the potential to severely complicate a seemingly routine extraction. We report a case of surgical removal of a mandibular third molar in a patient with undiagnosed Von Willebrand Disease.