bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improved productivity, water yield, and water use efficiency by incorporating switchgrass cultivation and native ecosystems in an integrated biofuel feedstock system
Authors: Schmidt Kathryn N. , Zou Chris B. , Kakani Vijaya Gopal , Zhong Yu , Will Rodney E. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe southern Great Plains of the USA has great potential to produce biofuel feedstock while minimizing the dual stresses of woody plant encroachment and climate change. Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) cultivation, woody biomass captured during removal of the encroaching eastern redcedar (Juniperus virginiana) to restore grasslands and thinning of the native oak forest can provide an integrated source of feedstock and improve ecosystem services. In north‐central Oklahoma, we quantified productivity and ecosystem water use of switchgrass stands and degraded ecosystems encroached by eastern redcedar and compared these to native oak forest and tallgrass prairie ecosystems. We measured aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP) using allometric equations (trees) and clip plots (herbaceous), and evapotranspiration (ET) using a water balance approach from gauged watersheds, and calculated water use efficiency (WUE = ANPP/ET) from 2016 to 2019. Among vegetation cover types, ANPP averaged 5.1, 5.4, 6.0, and 7.8 Mg ha−1 year−1for the prairie, oak, eastern redcedar, and switchgrass watersheds and was significantly greater for switchgrass in 2018 and 2019 (2 and 3 years post establishment) when it reached 8.6 Mg ha−1 year−1. Averaged across 2017–2019, ET was significantly greater in the forested watersheds than the grassland watersheds (1022 mm year−1for eastern redcedar, 1025 mm year−1for oak, 874 mm year−1for prairie, and 828 mm year−1for switchgrass). The mean WUE was significantly greater (9.47 kg ha−1 mm−1) for switchgrass than for the prairie, eastern redcedar, and oak cover types (6.03, 6.02, and 5.31 kg ha−1 mm−1). Switchgrass offered benefits of greater ANPP, less ET, and greater WUE. Our findings indicate that an integrated biofuel feedstock system that includes converting eastern redcedar encroached areas to switchgrass and thinning the oak forest can increase productivity, increase runoff to streams, and improve ecosystem services.
Long‐term drivers of vegetation turnover in Southern Hemisphere temperate ecosystems
Authors: Adeleye Matthew Adesanya , Mariani Michela , Connor Simon , Haberle Simon Graeme , Herbert Annika , Hopf Felicitas , Stevenson Janelle 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAimKnowledge of the drivers of ecosystem changes in the past is key to understanding present ecosystem responses to changes in climate, fire regimes and anthropogenic impacts. Northern Hemisphere‐focussed studies suggest that climate and human activities drove turnover during the Holocene in temperate ecosystems. Various drivers have been invoked to explain changes in Southern Hemisphere temperate vegetation, but the region lacks a quantitative assessment of these drivers. To better understand the regional drivers of past diversity, we present a quantitative meta‐analysis study of turnover and richness during the lateglacial and Holocene in Australian temperate ecosystems.LocationSouth‐east Australia (Tasmania, Bass Strait, SE mainland).MethodsWe conducted a meta‐analysis study of 24 fossil pollen records across south‐east Australian temperate ecosystems, applying an empirical turnover threshold to fossil records to identify periods of major turnover for the first time in Australia. We tested pollen richness as a proxy for vegetation richness to estimate past richness and applied this to fossil pollen data. The resulting reconstructions were compared to independent records of climate, sea‐level change and fire through generalized linear modelling.Results and conclusionOur results show changes in available moisture and sea level drove turnover and richness in most parts of SE Australia in the past, explaining up to c. 97% deviance. However, fire mainly drove turnover in Bass Strait. Our richness reconstructions also support the intermediate disturbance hypothesis, suggesting that high biodiversity was partially maintained by anthropogenic‐managed fire regimes. While temperature change is considered key to Northern Hemisphere palaeodiversity, past turnover and richness in Southern Hemisphere temperate ecosystems responded mainly to moisture availability and sea‐level change (considering its role in modulating regional oceanic climate).
Internet use and self‐rated health among Chinese older adults: The mediating role of social capital
Authors: Lyu Shoujun , Sun Jian 
Published: December 2020

AimThis study aimed to examine the relationship between Internet use and self‐rated health among older adults in China, with a particular focus on the mediating role of social capital.MethodsThe data used in this study was obtained from the 2018 wave of China Family Panel Studies, including 7193 older adults aged between 60 and 95 years in urban and rural areas. Furthermore, a binary logit regression model was used to explore the association between Internet use and self‐rated health among older adults. Moreover, we investigated the mediating effect of social capital on the relationship between Internet use and self‐rated health among older adults.ResultsThe overall regression results show that Internet use was significantly associated with a higher possibility of being healthy for older adults. In addition, social capital plays a mediating role in the relationship between Internet use and self‐rated health among the older adults.ConclusionsThis study shows that Internet use was positively related to self‐rated health for the older adults. In addition, this study finds that social capital mediates the relationship between Internet use and self‐rated health among the older adults. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2021; 21: 34–38.
Impact of polypharmacy on oral health status in elderly patients admitted to the recovery and rehabilitation ward
Authors: Nakamura Junya , Kitagaki Kazufumi , Ueda Yuya , Nishio Eri , Shibatsuji Takeshi , Uchihashi Yasuyuki , Adachi Ryohei , Ono Rei 
Published: December 2020

AimThe oral health status of elderly adults has implications for general health problems. Polypharmacy for elderly adults is associated with an increased risk of potentially inappropriate medicines and many adverse drug events; however, no report has shown that polypharmacy itself is associated with complex oral problems. This study aimed to determine the association between polypharmacy and oral health status in patients admitted to the recovery and rehabilitation ward.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study included 471 patients (age: 81.9 ± 7.7 years, women: n = 346). Oral health status was measured using the Oral Health Assessment Tool and poor oral health status was defined as a score of ≥3. Cases of patients taking six or more medications were defined as polypharmacy. Logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the relationship between polypharmacy and oral health status. Age, sex, body mass index, number of comorbidities, cognitive and motor functions, and potentially inappropriate medicines were set as confounding factors.ResultsUsing the Oral Health Assessment Tool, 51.0% (n = 240) of patients scored ≥3. The prevalence of patients with polypharmacy was 56.9% (n = 268). Polypharmacy was significantly associated with poor oral health status (odds ratio = 1.65, 95% confidence interval = 1.14–2.39, P = 0.007; adjusted odds ratio = 1.65, 95% confidence interval = 1.12–2.43, P = 0.011).ConclusionsThis study showed that polypharmacy was associated with poor oral health status. Focusing on the number of medications may be helpful in detecting oral problems. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2021; 21: 66–70.
Class origins, higher education and employment in China during the 21st century
Authors: Lin Yuqi , Chan Philip Wing Keung 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe liberal theory of industrialism is one of the chief political theories impacting education. Such a framework associates academic achievement directly with employability and establishes education's dominant position in mediating social mobility. However, Chinese graduates are confronted with the broken promises of higher education, since college credentials are no longer regarded as ‘golden tickets’ that guarantee decent jobs or high social status. Therefore, this paper establishes a critical framework for analysing the liberal theory of industrialism. By referencing to empirical research, the current study provides an in‐depth discussion from the national perspective and offers explanations from both quantitative and qualitative evidence. The study suggests that the implementation of the theory in egalitarian societies has been largely compromised with regard to meritocratic selection. Meanwhile, the theory relies on a veil of ignorance, for it assumes that people would have a unanimous perception regarding social status. In both respects, it is argued to be incompatible with the contemporary Chinese context. Thus a more comprehensive and flexible perspective is needed to identify functions of higher education in developing countries.摘要工业自由主义提出教育是促进就业与提升社会地位的决定因素, 其理论对当代教育产生深远影响。然而,当大学毕业文凭已不再是‘金饭碗’的保证, 中国大学毕业们面临着逐渐暗淡的就业前景与日益渺茫的阶级跨越机会。因此, 本文就工业自由主义进行批判性探讨。通过引用研究数据, 结合量性与质性证据, 本文从国家层面进行深度探讨。本文提出,工业自由主义与精英教育相左,同时, 由于此理论搭建于人们对于社会地位的一致认知的假定, 其论证受 “无知之幕”矇昧。本研究旨在说明工业自由主义难以解释当代中国高等教育的困境, 并呼吁制定更全面理论, 采用更灵活的视角来了解发展中国家的高等教育模式。
Reference points in consumer choice models: A review and future research agenda
Authors: Wang Ping , Sun Luping , Zhang Lijun , Niraj Rakesh 
Published: December 2020

AbstractReference‐dependent consumer preference and choice have been the focus of marketing and behavioural decision researchers for decades. Researchers have proposed different ways of incorporating reference‐dependent consumer preference into quantitative models. No extant research, however, systematically examines and evaluates these modelling methods. As more empirical research on reference‐dependent preference emerges in different areas, this review is both timely and of great importance. The paper pays special attention to empirical articles that incorporate reference points into consumer choice models and classifies the models in terms of reference point operationalization, model framework and reference point heterogeneity. By comparing and evaluating various conceptualizations of reference points and extant empirical choice models, we seek to provide guidance and directions in terms of theory, contexts and methodology (TCM) to future researchers with different application areas and focus of studies. The paper synthesizes the previous findings and identifies current research gaps, which allow us to provide future directions in this research domain.
Mental health matters: A cross‐sectional study of mental health nurses’ health‐related quality of life and work‐related stressors
Authors: Foster Kim , Roche Michael , Giandinoto Jo‐Ann , Platania‐Phung Chris , Furness Trentham 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMental health nursing is widely recognized as a stressful occupation; however, little is known about the relationship between work‐related stress and health‐related quality of life of mental health nurses (MHN). This study aimed to identify MHN health‐related quality of life (HR‐QoL) and work‐related stressors; associations between stressors and HR‐QoL; and predictors of HR‐QoL. An online cross‐sectional survey collected demographic data, work‐related stressors and HR‐QoL (SF‐12v2) of n = 498 Australian MHN. Prominent consumer/carer‐related stressors were verbal (90%) and physical aggression (85%). Collegial stressors included staff conflict (71%) and bullying (55%), and colleague‐perpetrated verbal (34%) and physical aggression (7%). Key organizational stressors included high workloads (74%), lack of organizational support (60%) and lack of adequate resources to perform nursing role (58%). The mean physical health score was 52.62 (SD = 8.30), and mental health score was 43.59 (SD = 11.34), with mental health substantially lower than national norms (mean difference = 10.11). There were statistically significant negative correlations between the number of work‐related stressors and HR‐QoL. Younger (21–30 years) and less experienced (<1–4 years) MHN had substantially lower mental health. Higher mental health was predicted with < 15 stressors, >4 years’ experience and working in the community. The poorer mental health of MHN has concerning implications for the well‐being, retention and practice of the largest group in the mental health workforce. There is a critical need for organizations to enact effective policy and initiatives to reduce workplace aggression, improve staff psychological and physical safety, and strengthen well‐being and resilience. New graduates are a priority group for urgent intervention.
The Impact of COVID‐19 on nurses working in a University Health System in Singapore: A qualitative descriptive study
Authors: Goh Yong‐Shian , Ow Yong Qing Yun Jenna , Chen Terri Hui‐Min , Ho Su Hui Cyrus , Chee Yin Ing Cornelia , Chee Tji Tjian 
Published: December 2020

AbstractGiven Singapore’s high population density and extensive geographical interconnections, it is unsurprising that the country reported one of the highest numbers of COVID‐19 cases in Asia. Past pandemic studies have suggested that nurses working in such crises might experience a deterioration of mental health, which could persist for years beyond the initial outbreak. This study used a qualitative descriptive design to explore nurses’ experiences of working in tertiary hospitals during the COVID‐19 pandemic. A total of 17 registered nurses who had worked for at least one year prior to the start of the COVID‐19 pandemic were recruited from a University Health System in Singapore from March to June 2020. Data were collected through semi‐structured interviews lasting at least an hour conducted over an online platform by the principal investigator. The data were analysed through Braun and Clarke’s six‐step thematic analysis independently by two researchers. Three main themes emerged: (i) challenging moments of COVID‐19, during which the participants reported physical and psychological challenges relating to working conditions of the hospital in the initial months of the pandemic; (ii) the professional role as nurses, in where the participants dispelled their worries and demonstrated commitment to their role as nurses; and (iii) support for nurses, which originated from their family, friends and leaders from their organizations for them to persevere and overcome the unprecedented challenges of COVID‐19. The nurses in this study demonstrated resilience and professionalism despite the challenges of COVID‐19. The findings highlighted the importance of a robust support system for healthcare professionals.
Decision making in trade credit financing: impact of loss aversion and power imbalance
Authors: Jin Wei , Zhang Qinhong 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe incorporate loss aversion and power imbalance into a trade credit contract that sets both wholesale price and payment ratio at ordering time. Our models are based on a dyadic supply chain consisting of a loss‐averse supplier and a capital‐constrained retailer who can get finance via bank credit or trade credit. We derive the optimal trade credit contract under the retailer‐dominant noncooperative (RDN) and the supplier‐dominant noncooperative (SDN) games. Our results show that the impact of the supplier's loss aversion depends on whether the supplier dominates the supply chain. Specifically, under RDN scenario, a single bank credit should be adopted by the retailer, irrespective of the supplier's loss aversion. Under SDN scenario, however, a hybrid of bank credit and trade credit should be provided to the retailer when the supplier's loss aversion level exceeds a critical threshold value, and a single trade credit should be granted otherwise. Moreover, we find that the capital‐constrained retailer may benefit from the supplier's loss aversion behavior. Finally, we conduct a serial of numerical examples to develop more managerial insights.
A multicriteria approach for rating investments in commercial real estate
Authors: Stefanakis Konstantinos , Doumpos Michalis 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe commercial real estate (CRE) sector concerns a diverse set of actors that specialize in real estate activities, such as brokerage, valuation, construction, and asset management. CRE activity is a key indicator for the level of corporate growth and the economic development of a country. However, investments in CRE face a volatile global environment, which is characterized by deep uncertainties and cyclical behavior. In this context, decision support tools that facilitate the monitoring and assessment of CRE investments are of major importance for various stakeholders, including investors and policy makers. The objective of this study is to present a comprehensive approach for assessing CRE investments based on a multicriteria evaluation framework. The analysis is based on a sample of commercial assets taken from the portfolio of a real estate investment company in the United States. The proposed multicriteria approach considers a rich set of evaluation criteria, including macroeconomic indicators, information about the local CRE markets, as well as the characteristics of the assets under consideration. Using analytical methodologies from the family of ELECTRE outranking methods, the assets are ranked and rated according to their overall performance. Different scenarios are explored for the weightings of the appraisal criteria, thus enabling the analysis of the robustness of the results.
From frustules to medusae: A new culture system for the study of the invasive hydrozoan Craspedacusta sowerbii in the laboratory
Authors: Marchessaux Guillaume , Bejean Mickaël 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe invasive freshwater jellyfish Craspedacusta sowerbii, native from East Asia (Yangzi Jiang River), was introduced in Europe for the first time in the basins of the Royal Botanic Garden in London. From the beginning of the 20th century, worldwide reports of the presence of C. sowerbii have been increasing (USA, Canada, Europe, Australia, Russia). Despite its now worldwide distribution, C. sowerbii has rarely been the subject of recent studies. Moreover, C. sowerbii is difficult to rear in the laboratory, and individuals generally from the wild have only been reared for short periods. Many aspects of laboratory cultures have proven to be problematic for all stages of the life cycle (from frustule to medusae): lack of optimal growing system (circular current or not), water quality (physical and chemical conditions), diet (the type of food), and temperature. In this article, we present a technique for culturing all life stages of C. sowerbii, from polyps to medusae, to study its life history in the laboratory. To demonstrate the success of our culture protocol, the growth of polyps was measured for 80 days at 19 and 29°C. Colony growth increased at both temperatures in our culture system, and data were similar to those presented in the literature, illustrating the success of this protocol. Medusae were cultured for 70 days, and their bell diameter increased from 0.60 ± 0.08 mm (Day 0) to 9.0 ± 2.1 mm (Day 32). We developed a closed culture system that allowed specimens (i.e., polyps and medusae) to be maintained for more than 2 months (80 days for polyps, 72 days for medusae). This culture system will allow researchers in the future to study more precisely the metabolism (growth, ingestion, longevity) of polyps and medusae to understand life‐history characteristics important to this species' ecology (periods of medusae production, predation, and diet).
Making lightweight SiC(rGO, xMoSi2) bulk ceramics via polymeric precursor route
Authors: Yao Rongqian , Zheng Yinong , Jin Chao , Huang Wenyan , Han Yuchen , Li Ke , Lan Siqi , Huang Zhenguo , Hu Jiahao , Zhang Yinggan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractUnique properties of MoSi2 open new opportunities for preparing bulk polymer‐derived ceramics (PDCs) displaying favorable structural‐functional capabilities. Herein, an ingenious production route via re‐pyrolysis process of ball‐milling‐induced rigid SiC(rGO, xMoSi2)p fillers/flexible polycarbosilane‐vinyltriethoxysilane‐graphene oxide (PCS‐VTES‐GO, PVG) precursors blends is proposed to obtain in situ formed SiC(rGO, xMoSi2) bulk PDCs. Interestingly, the possible dense β‐SiC/SiOxCy/Cfree(rGO, xMoSi2) framework suffers load and tiny microsized pores relaxes stress, which is beneficial to providing optimized hardness and fracture toughness, ceramic yield, and linear shrinkage. Attractively, MoSi2 prominently enhances thermal and electrical conductivities of the products owing to increased continuity and compactness. To the best of our knowledge, lightweight SiC(rGO, 20%MoSi2) bulk PDCs own brilliant ceramic yield (92.13%), liner shrinkage (6.69%), hardness (10.34 GPa), fracture toughness (4.35 Mpa·m1/2), and thermal conductivity (8.57 W·m–1·K–1), opening potential emerging uses in aerospace fields.
People with intellectual disabilities as business owners: A systematic review of peer‐reviewed literature
Authors: Hutchinson Claire , Lay Kiri , Alexander June , Ratcliffe Julie 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundMicroenterprises are very small businesses requiring little capital and can be an employment pathway for people with intellectual disabilities. This systematic review aims to identify the facilitators, barriers and outcomes from microenterprise.MethodWeb of Science, Scopus, EconLit, PsycINFO and ProQuest were searched to identify peer‐reviewed studies on microenterprises owned by people with intellectual disability published up to and including 1 October 2019.ResultsA total of 1080 papers were independently screened by two reviewers. Six papers met the inclusion criteria. Barriers included lack of access to business expertise and resources, and the tension between growing microenterprises and maintaining eligibility for welfare payments. Formal and informal supports were key facilitators. Outcomes experienced included additional income, skills development, increased confidence and engagement in meaningful activities.ConclusionAdditional research is required to develop an evidence base which may support investment in this employment pathway, making microenterprise more accessible to people with intellectual disabilities.
The use of an implementation science theoretical framework to inform the development of a region wide Positive Behavioural Support Workforce Development approach
Authors: McKenzie Karen , McNall Anne , Noone Steve , Branch Alison , Murray George , Sherring Melissa , Jones Lynne , Thompson Judith , Chaplin Jill 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundConcern about the poor care of some people with an intellectual disability has highlighted the need for systemic, large‐scale interventions to develop a skilled workforce.MethodWe outline how an implementation science theoretical model informed the development of a region‐wide Positive Behavioural Support (PBS) Workforce Development (WFD) approach.ResultsWe provide an example of the application of the model in practice and demonstrate how this enabled us to understand the competencies and development needs of the workforce; engage effectively with stakeholders; and develop, deliver and evaluate a PBS WFD model.ConclusionThe application of the model helped us to identify, prioritise, and address the multiple and complex factors that were relevant to the implementation of the PBS WFD approach.