bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecularly targeted photothermal ablation improves tumor specificity and immune modulation in a rat model of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Muñoz Nina M. , Dupuis Crystal , Williams Malea , Dixon Katherine , McWatters Amanda , Avritscher Rony , Bouchard Richard , Kaseb Ahmed , Schachtschneider Kyle M. , Rao Arvind , Sheth Rahul A. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThermal ablation is a standard therapy for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Contemporary ablation devices are imperfect, as they lack tumor specificity. An ideal ablation modality would generate thermal energy only within tumoral tissue. Furthermore, as hyperthermia is known to influence tumor immunity, such a tumor-specific ablation modality may have the ability to favorably modulate the tumor immune landscape. Here we show a clinically relevant thermal ablation modality that generates tumor-specific hyperthermia, termed molecularly targeted photothermal ablation (MTPA), that is based upon the excellent localization of indocyanine green to HCC. In a syngeneic rat model, we demonstrate the tumor-specific hyperthermia generated by MTPA. We also show through spatial and transcriptomic profiling techniques that MTPA favorably modulates the intratumoral myeloid population towards tumor immunogenicity and diminishes the systemic release of oncogenic cytokines relative to conventional ablation modalities.
The Impact of TimeSlips on Undergraduate Students in Service Learning With Older Adults
Authors: Heuer Sabine 
Published: December 2020

Purpose
Future speech-language pathologists are often unprepared in their academic training to serve the communicative and cognitive needs of older adults with dementia. While negative attitudes toward older adults are prevalent among undergraduate students, service learning has been shown to positively affect students' attitudes toward older adults. TimeSlips is an evidence-based approach that has been shown to improve health care students' attitudes toward older adults. The purpose of this study is to explore the change in attitudes in speech-language pathology students toward older adults using TimeSlips in service learning.

Method
Fifty-one students participated in TimeSlips service learning with older adults and completed the Dementia Attitude Scale (DAS) before and after service learning. In addition, students completed a reflection journal. The DAS data were analyzed using nonparametric statistics, and journal entries were analyzed using a qualitative analysis approach.

Results
The service learners exhibited a significant increase in positive attitude as indexed on the DAS. The reflective journal entries supported the positive change in attitudes.

Conclusions
A noticeable attitude shift was indexed in reflective journals and on the DAS. TimeSlips is an evidence-based, patient-centered approach well suited to address challenges in the preparation of Communication Sciences and Disorders students to work with the growing population of older adults.
Prenatal radiation exposure in diagnostic and interventional radiology
Authors: Fiebich Martin , Block Andreas , Borowski Markus , Geworski Lilli , Happel Christian , Kamp Alexandra , Lenzen Horst , Mahnken Andreas H. , Müller Wolfgang-Ulrich , Östreicher Gebhard , Rudolf Frank , Stamm Georg , Starck Peter , Steiniger Beatrice , Wicke Jan-Henryk , Wolf Ulrich , Wucherer Michael , Zankl Maria , Zink Klemens , Zweig Claudia 
Published: December 2020

Background The exposure of a pregnant woman to X-rays is an event that can cause uncertainty for all concerned. This review provides guidance on how to assess such a situation and how to determine the dose to the unborn child. In general, the use of X-rays in pregnant women in radiology should be avoided. If possible, alternatives should be used, or examinations postponed to a time after the pregnancy. This review gives a summary of the procedure for determining the radiation exposure of a pregnant woman.
Method Based on the previous report of 2002 and the literature on prenatal radiation exposure published thereafter, the DGMP/DRG report on the procedure for the assessment of prenatal radiation exposure was adapted to the current state of science and technology.
Results Typically, only relatively low radiation exposures of less than 20 mSv occur for the unborn child in X-ray diagnostics in the vast majority of cases. At these dose level the additional risk of damage to the embryo or fetus caused by the radiation is low and therefore only a rough conservative estimate using tabulated values are made. Only in a few types of examination (CT and interventional radiology) higher doses values might occur in the uterus. Instead of dose estimates (step 1 in the two-step model) in these cases the calculation of dose (step 2) are required and further action by the physician may be necessary.
Conclusions During the assessment, it is useful to initially use simple conservative estimation procedures to quickly determine whether a case falls into this large group less than 20 mSv, where there is a very low risk to the unborn child. If this is the case, the pregnant woman should be informed immediately by the doctor who performed the examination/treatment. This avoids a psychological burden on the patient. The DGMP/DRG report suggests a relatively simple, clearly structured procedure with advantages for all parties involved (physician, medical physics experts, MTRA and patient).
Key points:
Citation Format
Traceless Redox-Annulations of Alicyclic Amines
Authors: Rickertsen Dillon R. L. , Ma Longle , Seidel Daniel , Paul Anirudra , Abboud Khalil A. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAmines such as 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline undergo redox­-neutral annulations with ortho-(nitromethyl)benzaldehyde. Benzoic­ acid acts as a promoter in these reactions, which involve concurrent amine α-C–H bond and N–H bond functionalization. Subsequent removal of the nitro group provides access to tetrahydroprotoberberines not accessible via typical redox-annulations. Also reported are decarboxylative annulations of ortho-(nitromethyl)benzaldehyde with proline and pipecolic acid.
Efectividad de un programa de alta resolución ambulatoria gracias al uso de la Ecografía Urológica
Authors: Redón-Gálvez Laura , Rodriguez Manuel Ramón Diz , Martín-García Carlos , Chiva-Robles Vicente , Matos-Orozco Olivia , Lujan-Galán Marcos 
Published: December 2020

Resumen
Objetivos Estimar la efectividad de la ecografía en consultas externas de alta resolución de urología. Como objetivos secundarios, se evaluó el impacto de otros factores como la edad, sexo, prioridad y procedencia de la consulta.
Métodos Se analizó retrospectivamente a pacientes que acudieron a una primera visita a la consulta de urología del hospital entre los años 2008-2018.Se recogieron las variables edad, sexo, procedencia, prioridad de la consulta y realización de ecografía.Realizamos un análisis descriptivo de aquellos pacientes que resultaron ser alta resolución y de aquellos en los que se había realizado una ecografía. Posteriormente realizamos un análisis univariado mediante el test de chi-cuadrado y multivariado mediante la regresión logística.
Resultados Se incluyeron 32980 primeras visitas, con una edad media en la primera visita de 48,2 años (mediana 48,2) y tratándose en la mayoría de hombres (74,4%).La proporción de pacientes que pudieron ser dados de alta tras una primera visita, fue del 16% y gracias a la realización de una ecografía llegó al 16,7%.En el análisis univariado, tanto la procedencia, la prioridad, la ecografía realizada, el sexo y la edad, se asociaron a que la consulta realizada fuera de alta resolución. En el análisis multivariado, se confirmó la asociación de todas las variables (exceptuando la prioridad, p = 0,37), aumentando el riesgo de modo discreto (entre 0,3-0,9 veces).
Conclusiones La ecografía resultó ser una buena herramienta en las consultas de alta resolución, llegándose a realizar hasta casi en un 20% de los casos. Sin embargo, aunque tanto la ecografía como la edad, sexo y procedencia son factores relacionados con la alta resolución, esa relación no es relevante desde un punto de vista clínico.
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Dual c-Met/HDAC Inhibitors Bearing 2-Aminopyrimidine Scaffold
Authors: Zhang Qingwei , Xu Guili , Bao Ya , Jiao Minru , Li Jianqi 
Published: December 2020

AbstractA series of c-Met/histone deacetylase (HDAC) bifunctional inhibitors was designed and synthesized by merging pharmacophores of c-Met and HDAC inhibitors. Among them, the most potent compound, 2o, inhibited c-Met kinase and HDACs, with IC50 values of 9.0 and 31.6 nM, respectively, and showed efficient antiproliferative activities against both A549 and HCT-116 cancer cell lines with greater potency than an equimolar mixture of the respective inhibitors of the two enzymes: crizotinib and vorinostat (SAHA). Our study provided an efficient strategy for the discovery of multitargeted antitumor drugs.
No longer a wacky foreigner
Authors: Edwards Laura C. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This study focuses on language socialization during study abroad and specifically second language learning in communities
of practice. Based on oral interviews in French and English, written journals, and weekly surveys, this study examines one participant’s
second language (L2) learning during a semester abroad during which he became a member of two communities of practice: his host family and a
local gaming group. The participant negotiated and became more confident in his L2 identity and learning over time and increasingly
solidified his membership within these groups. This study analyzes the steps taken by the participant using the framework of legitimate
peripheral participation and considers identity and learning that develop within a community of practice.
Trends in sweet cherry production.
Authors: Long Lynn E. , Lang Gregory A. , Kaiser Clive 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

This chapter focuses on the global trend of sweet cherry production. It covers the economics, crop yield, crop quality and organic production. As sweet cherry production continues to expand worldwide, each producer must decide whether to increase production (either through the renovation of old orchards or expansion into new sites), continue at a steady pace or decrease acreage and thus reduce risk but also yields. Since growing cherries is a high risk venture, the best way to proceed will depend on past successes and failures, perceived risks, the possibilities for mitigating those risks and future market potential.
Explaining Indigenous Peoples’ Success in State Supreme Courts: Party Capability, Judicial Selection, and Representation
Authors: Reid Rebecca A. , Curry Todd A. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe struggles Indigenous Peoples face are unique from other minority groups living in the United States because they exist in an odd, semisovereign status. While the US Constitution outlines that First Nations are sovereign entities, current federal law and policies hold that tribes are simultaneously sovereign and not sovereign. Using an original data set consisting of all cases involving Indigenous Peoples before state supreme courts from 1995 to 2010, we find Indigenous Peoples are more likely to receive positive judicial outcomes when the judiciary is elected and the indigenous population of the state is relatively high.
Judicial Review in a Defective Democracy: Judicial Nominations and Judicial Review in Constitutional Courts
Authors: Rosenthal Maoz , Barzilai Gad , Meydani Assaf 
Published: December 2020

AbstractGovernments reform the process of nominating judges to constitutional courts, seeking to reduce the courts’ involvement in state affairs. Since 2008, reformers have tried to appoint judges who would be more judicially restrained. We examine the rulings of judges on Israel’s Supreme Court in its capacity as Israel’s High Court of Justice on the Israeli executive’s decisions. We show that reformers did achieve their goal of reducing High Court of Justice judges’ decisions supporting petitions against the executive. However, that trend has abated due to existing legal conventions regarding particular policy subsystems.
Electromagnetic response of nanoparticles with a metallic core and a semiconductor shell
Authors: Seyedheydari Fahime , Conley Kevin M , Thakore Vaibhav , Karttunen Mikko , Sihvola Ari , Ala-Nissila Tapio 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We study the interplay between localized surface plasmon resonances from metallic cores and electromagnetic resonances from semiconducting shells in core@shell nanoparticles in the optical and near-infrared regions. To this end, we consider silver (Ag) spheres as plasmonically active nanoparticles with radii 20 nm, covered with shells of silicon (Si) up to 160 nm in thickness. We use the classical Lorenz-Mie theory to calculate the response of the core@shell nanoparticles to an external electromagnetic field that reveals a high degree of tunability of the Ag surface plasmons with a varying Si shell thickness, and a consequent merging of their Mie resonances. In contrast with pure metallic systems, the use of a low-bandgap semiconducting shell allows for a unique interrelation between its strong characteristic magnetic dipole mode and the localized surface plasmon resonance of the metallic core. This allows control over the forward and backward scattering efficiencies in the near-infrared in accordance with the predictions based on the Kerker conditions. Employing several other core@shell materials (Al@Si, Au@Si and Ag@Ge), we show that this approach to tailoring the absorption and scattering efficiencies, based on Kerker’s conditions, can be further generalized to other similar core@shell systems.
Compactification of Drinfeld moduli spaces as moduli spaces of 𝐴-reciprocal maps and consequences for Drinfeld modular forms
Authors: Pink Richard 
Published: December 2020

We construct a compactification of the moduli space of Drinfeld modules of rank

r
r

and level

N
N

as a moduli space of

A
A

-reciprocal maps. This is closely related to the Satake compactification but not exactly the same. The construction involves some technical assumptions on

N
N

that are satisfied for a cofinal set of ideals

N
N

. In the special case where

A
=

F

q

[
t
]

A=\mathbb {F}_q[t]

and

N
=
(

t
n

)

N=(t^n)

, we obtain a presentation for the graded ideal of Drinfeld cusp forms of level

N
N

and all weights and can deduce a dimension formula for the space of cusp forms of any weight. We expect similar results in general, but the proof will require more ideas.
Boosting fiscal space: the roles of GDP-linked debt and longer maturities
Authors: Kim Jun Il , Ostry Jonathan D 
Published: December 2020

SUMMARYThis paper assesses how issuance of GDP-linked debt and longer-maturity debt, in comparison to short-term debt, can help boost fiscal space for a given path of primary balances. By explicitly linking debt service to repayment capacity, GDP-linked debt helps to stabilize the debt ratio under growth uncertainty and reduces default risk through risk sharing with investors. Longer-maturity nominal debt also helps reduce default risk via state-contingent variation in the market price of debt. Reduced default risk in both cases lowers borrowing costs and results in higher maximum sustainable debt levels (and fiscal space given initial debt) for a given path of primary balances. Simulation results suggest sizable gains in fiscal space from the introduction of these instruments, though debtor moral hazard could militate against these benefits.
Effects of Animal-Assisted Therapy on Verbal Communication and Agitation in Adults With Dementia in Long-Term Care
Authors: Woltman Jenilee , Saidi Ladan Ghazi 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The effects of Animal-Assisted Therapy (AAT) on verbal communication and agitated behaviors of older adults with mild to severe dementia were examined. We conducted a pilot study at a long-term nursing facility in rural Nebraska on five residents with various stages of dementia and agitation (over two reported incidents of agitation within two months). The study consisted of four sessions of assessment with and four sessions without the presence of a certified therapy dog. The assessment battery included a Mean Length of Utterance (MLU), and responding to a Picture Recognition Activity (PRA) task to assess the production and comprehension in verbal communication respectively. Agitation Behavioral Scale (ABS; Corrigan, 1989), and a General Care Survey (GCS) were used to measure agitation and agitated behavior. The results showed statistically significant differences in the performance of all five participants when the dog was present as compared to when it was absent. We observed an increase in verbal communication (57.4% MLU; 28% PRA), and a decrease in agitated behaviors. This pilot study brings evidence that AAT can be a cost-effective, non-pharmaceutical therapy approach for individuals with dementia to decrease agitation and increase communication. References: Corrigan, J. D. 1989. Development of a scale for assessment of agitation following traumatic brain injury. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 11: 261–277.
Managing Older Adults With Cognitive Impairment: An Interprofessional, Standardized Patient Approach
Authors: Varrecchia Shaun , Maritz Carol , Maher Colleen , Strauss Megan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Several professional organizations have called for increased preparation of health professionals capable of working with older adults, including those with cognitive impairment. Standardized patients (SP) are often used in interprofessional education (IPE) in the health professions, but limited data exists to support their use when teaching about the care and management of older adults with cognitive impairment. The purposes of this project were to: 1) develop, implement, and assess an interprofessional standardized patient exercise involving physical and occupational therapy students and 2) to evaluate students’ perceptions of a SP encounter on relevance and utility to patients with cognitive impairment. 88 students representing physical therapy (DPT) and occupational therapy (DrOT) were assigned to interprofessional teams to evaluate an SP portraying an older adult with cognitive impairment. At the conclusion of the session the SP provided the group formative feedback. Student teams then completed an assignment to develop a collaborative intervention plan and addressed questions about roles and responsibilities and communication/teamwork. Pre-/post- surveys focusing on the knowledge of roles and responsibilities, communication, and teamwork were completed by all students. Students also completed an evaluation about the SP experience. Results demonstrated student agreement to understanding the role of the other’s profession improved 28.67%; being comfortable communicating with the geriatric population improved 27.31%; and working in interprofessional teams can improve geriatric patient care improved 32.11%. These findings demonstrate that use of SPs has several advantages in teaching students how to work and communicate with individuals with cognitive impairments as an interprofessional team.
The Development and Effectiveness of a Self-Efficacy Enhancement Program for Older Adults With MCI
Authors: Lee Jungeun 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to develop a self-efficacy enhancement program and examine its effectiveness in enhancing dementia preventive behaviors by improving cognitive function, dementia knowledge, and self-efficacy, and reducing depression of older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods: An equivalent control group pretest-posttest design was conducted at an advanced general hospital in Seoul. Participants of older adults with MCI visiting clinics were randomly allocated to an experimental group (EG, n=16) and a control group (CG, n=16). The EG was provided with a 8-week intervention (60-minute, weekly) utilizing self-efficacy enhancement strategies and the CG received the usual care. The intervention was an integrated configuration making up of physical, cognitive, and emotional activity and followed by a 4-week maintenance during which both groups engaged in self-learning at home with a dementia preventive guidebook. Outcomes were evaluated at pretest, 1st (8th week), 2nd (10th week) and 3rd posttest(12th week). Results: There were significant differenes in cognitive functions, dementia knowledge, self-efficacy, and dementia preventive behaviors, but not in depression between two groups over the time. Regarding cognitive function’ subdomains, significant differences were observed for visuospatial/executive, attention, language, and delayed recall. Conclusions. The integrated intervention consisting of physical, cognitive, and emotional activities, not a simple merger of single intervention focused on cognitive reinforcement, was effective in improving their cognitive functions, dementia knowledge, self-efficacy, and dementia preventive behaviors. It suggests that this program can be utilized as an education program to prevent dementia for MCI in dementia support centers, public health centers, clinics, and hospitals.
Sex in Late Life: Assessing Adults’ Expectations and the Role of Healthcare Professionals
Authors: Naar Jill , Weaver Raven , Turner Shelbie 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Sexual activity contributes to quality of life throughout the lifespan. However, stigma about sex in late life influences older adults’ perceptions and healthcare professionals’ perceptions of older adults’ sexual health/behaviors. Using a multi-methods approach, we examined attitudes and knowledge about sexual health/behaviors in late life. Using longitudinal data from the Midlife in the US Study (Wave 1-3; N=7049), we ran age-based growth curve models to analyze changes in levels of optimism about sex in their future. We also piloted a survey with healthcare professionals assessing attitudes, knowledge, and awareness of policy about sexual health/behaviors among older adults. Adults’ expectations became less optimistic with increased age (β = -0.1, SE = 0.003, p &lt; .0001). Men were more optimistic than women at age 20 (p = 0.016), but men’s optimism decreased over the life course at a faster rate than did women’s (p &lt; .0001), so that from ages 40-93, men were less optimistic than women. Among healthcare professionals (N=21), the majority indicated never or rarely asking their clients about sexual history or health/behaviors; however, they indicated some knowledge about issues relevant to older adults (e.g., safe-sex practices, sexual dysfunction). Few indicated awareness about policies related to sexual behavior among residents (i.e., issues of consent, STIs). Among adults, there is a need to address declining optimism for expectations about sex in late life. Health professionals are well-situated to raise awareness and normalize discussions about sexual health, thus countering negative stigma and contributing to increasing optimism for expectations to remain sexually active.