bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transformations of the “Syrian” Literary Field Since 2011
Authors: Lang Felix 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe events unfolding in Syria since spring 2011 have led to a thorough transformation of the intellectual and artistic space in which Syrian authors, filmmakers, and artists move. Starting from an overview of the connections of institutions, artists, and works that form this contemporary space of cultural production, this chapter goes on to consider the problems existing theoretical conceptions of such spaces from the sociology of arts encounter when faced with the empirical realities of the Syrian case. It shows that the transnational, unstable, and often transient nature of these formations and their links with large-scale socio-political changes, such as wars, are difficult to grasp with conceptual toolkit developed on the model of the unusually stable spaces of production of Western Europe and the US.
Algeria: Between Transformation and Re-Configuration
Authors: Ouaissa Rachid 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis chapter analyzes the re-configurations of the Algerian political system. It explains the (re)establishment of power alliances and traces power shifts through oil price fluctuations on the global market, laying out the concomitant instability of systems of co-option based on the distribution of rent. In times of power crises, the state class is prepared to make concessions, such as economic and political liberalizations. Since February 2019, however, an unprecedented mass social mobilization has been underway. The Hirak movement disrupted the order within the state class and forced President Bouteflika to step down, but the regime, under military leadership, tried to reconfigure the political system once again by eliminating old clans and striking new alliances. This is the story of a political system’s re-configurations that seek to sustain the old order by building new alliances.
Complexified quasinormal modes and the pole-skipping in a holographic system at finite chemical potential
Authors: Abbasi Navid , Tahery Sara 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWe develop a method to study coupled dynamics of gauge-invariant variables, constructed out of metric and gauge field fluctuations on the background of a AdS5Reissner-Nordström black brane. Using this method, we compute the numerical spectrum of quasinormal modes associated with fluctuations of spin 0, 1 and 2, non-perturbatively inμ/T. We also analytically compute the spectrum of hydrodynamic excitations in the small chemical potential limit. Then, by studying the spectral curve at complex momenta in every spin channel, we numerically find points at which hydrodynamic and non-hydrodynamic poles collide. We discuss the relation between such collision points and the convergence radius of the hydrodynamic derivative expansion. Specifically in the spin 0 channel, we find that within the range$$ 1.1\underset{\sim }{<}\mu /T\underset{\sim }{<}2 $$1.1<∼μ/T<∼2, the radius of convergence of the hydrodynamic sound mode is set by the absolute value of the complex momentum corresponding to the point at which the sound pole collides with the hydrodynamic diffusion pole. It shows that in holographic systems at finite chemical potential, the convergence of the hydrodynamic derivative expansion in the mentioned range is fully controlled by hydrodynamic informa- tion. As the last result, we explicitly show that the relevant information about quantum chaos in our system can be extracted from the pole-skipping points of energy density re- sponse function. We find a threshold value forμ/T, lower than which the pole-skipping points can be computed perturbatively in a derivative expansion.
Proton decay in supersymmetric SU(4)c × SU(2)L × SU(2)R
Authors: Lazarides George , Rehman Mansoor Ur , Shafi Qaisar 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
We discuss proton decay in a recently proposed model of supersymmetric hybrid inflation based on the gauge symmetry SU(4)c× SU(2)L× SU(2)R. A U(1) R symmetry plays an essential role in realizing inflation as well as in eliminating some undesirable baryon number violating operators. Proton decay is primarily mediated by a variety of color triplets from chiral superfields, and it lies in the observable range for a range of intermediate scale masses for the triplets. The decay modes include p → e+(μ+) + π0, $$ p\to \overline{\nu}+{\pi}^{+} $$
p
→

ν
¯

+

π
+

, p → K0 + e+(μ+), and $$ p\to {K}^{+}+\overline{\nu} $$
p
→

K
+

+

ν
¯

, with a lifetime estimate of order 1034–1036 yrs and accessible at Hyper-Kamiokande and future upgrades. The unification at the Grand Unified Theory (GUT) scale MGUT (∼ 1016 GeV) of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) gauge couplings is briefly discussed.
Urine and stone analysis for the investigation of the renal stone former: a consensus conference
Authors: Williams James C. , Gambaro Giovanni , Rodgers Allen , Asplin John , Bonny Olivier , Costa-Bauzá Antonia , Ferraro Pietro Manuel , Fogazzi Giovanni , Fuster Daniel G. , Goldfarb David S. , Grases Félix , Heilberg Ita P. , Kok Dik , Letavernier Emmanuel , Lippi Giuseppe , Marangella Martino , Nouvenne Antonio , Petrarulo Michele , Siener Roswitha , Tiselius Hans-Göran , Traxer Olivier , Trinchieri Alberto , Croppi Emanuele , Robertson William G. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe Consensus Group deliberated on a number of questions concerning urine and stone analysis over a period of months, and then met to develop consensus. The Group concluded that analyses of urine and stones should be routine in the diagnosis and treatment of urinary stone diseases. At present, the 24-h urine is the most useful type of urine collection, and accepted methods for analysis are described. Patient education is also important for obtaining a proper urine sample. Graphical methods for reporting urine analysis results can be helpful both for the physician and for educating the patient as to proper dietary changes that could be beneficial. Proper analysis of stones is also essential for diagnosis and management of patients. The Consensus Group also agreed that research has shown that evaluation of urinary crystals could be very valuable, but the Group also recognizes that existing methods for assessment of crystalluria do not allow this to be part of stone treatment in many places.
Sex matters: stress perception and the relevance of resilience and perceived social support in emerging adults
Authors: Yalcin-Siedentopf Nursen , Pichler Theresia , Welte Anna-Sophia , Hoertnagl Christine M. , Klasen Caroline C. , Kemmler Georg , Siedentopf Christian M. , Hofer Alex 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe emerging adulthood represents a vulnerable and critical turning point for the beginning of mental illnesses and is therefore of particular interest for the study of risk and resilience. The present survey investigated the impact of sex on the associations between resilience and the perception of social support and stress in students. The Resilience Scale was used to assess resilience. Stress perception and social support perception were measured using the Perceived Stress Scale and the Social Support Questionnaire FSozU k-22, respectively. Between the ages of 18 and 30, 503 subjects (59.6% female) were included into the study. We detected a significant effect of sex with markedly lower resilience and a more pronounced perception of stress and social support among females. Significant correlations between resilience, stress perception, and social support perception were found in both sexes with women showing a stronger interrelationship between stress perception and both resilience and social support perception. Mediation analysis revealed that the relationship between the perception of social support and stress was fully mediated by resilience among men and partly mediated by resilience among women. Of note, the mediation of resilience on the interrelationship between the perception of social support and stress was much stronger in women than in men. These findings suggest that sex-specific, customized interventions focusing on the strengthening of resilience and the claiming of social support are needed to promote mental health in emerging adults.
Comprehensive registry of esophageal cancer in Japan, 2013
Authors: Watanabe Masayuki , Tachimori Yuji , Oyama Tsuneo , Toh Yasushi , Matsubara Hisahiro , Ueno Masaki , Kono Koji , Uno Takashi , Ishihara Ryu , Muro Kei , Numasaki Hodaka , Tanaka Koji , Ozawa Soji , Murakami Kentaro , Usune Shiyori , Takahashi Arata , Miyata Hiroaki ,   The Registration Committee for Esophageal Cancer of the Japan Esophageal Society
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Esophageal cancer is the eighth most common cause of cancer mortality in Japan. More than 11,000 people had died from esophageal cancer in 2018. The Japan Esophageal Society has collected the data on patients' characteristics, performed treatment, and outcomes annually.

Methods
We analyzed the data of patients who had first visited the participating hospitals in 2013. In 2019, the data collection method was changed from an electronic submission to a web-based data collection using the National Clinical Database (NCD). Japanese Classification of Esophageal Cancer 10th by the Japan Esophageal Society (JES) and UICC TNM Classification 7th were used for cancer staging

Results
A total of 8019 cases were registered from 334 institutions in Japan. Squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma accounted for 87.8% and 6.3%, respectively. The 5-year survival rates of patients treated using endoscopic resection, concurrent chemoradiotherapy, radiotherapy alone, or esophagectomy were 88.3%, 32.4%, 24.4%, and 59.3%, respectively. Esophagectomy was performed in 4910 cases. The operative and the hospital mortality rates were 0.77% and 1.98%, respectively. The survival curves showed a good discriminatory ability both in the clinical and pathologic stages by the JES system. The 5-year survival rate of patients with pStage IV in the UICC classification that included patients with supraclavicular node metastasis was better than that of patients with pStage IVb in JES classification.

Conclusion
We hope this report contributes to improving all aspects of the diagnosis and treatment of esophageal cancer in Japan.
‘Milk from the purest place on earth’: examining Chinese investments in the Australian dairy sector
Authors: Böhme Michaela 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis article explores the emerging intersections between the shift towards higher quality food consumption in China and Chinese investment in overseas farmland. Based on an ethnographic study of a Chinese company acquiring one of Australia’s largest dairy farms, the article argues that the linkage between imported Australian milk and perceptions of safety and quality has served as a powerful driver of Chinese investment in overseas farmland—a linkage that has largely been overlooked by literature on China’s role in the global land rush. Drawing on the notion of ‘quality imaginaries’, the paper shows how images of Australian farmland as natural, pure, and geographically isolated have been mobilized by the investor company to position itself as provider of fresh, premium milk in the Chinese market. While such place-based qualities constitute a prized advantage, ironically, they also present a looming risk as the investor company struggles to reconcile fresh milk’s perishability with the farm’s location at the ‘edge of the world’. Thus, the case study not only demonstrates how cultural meanings tied to food and eating shape the ways in which investors imagine land’s affordances and possibilities but also draws attention to land’s materiality as a factor that both facilitates and destabilizes investment in farmland.
Transesophageal echocardiography in swine: evaluation of left and right ventricular structure, function and myocardial work
Authors: Billig Sebastian , Zayat Rashad , Ebeling Andreas , Steffen Henning , Nix Christoph , Hatam Nima , Schnöring Heike , Derwall Matthias 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis study aimed to determine standard left (LV) and right ventricular (RV) transesophageal echocardiographic (TEE) measurements in swine. Additionally, global myocardial work index (GWI) was estimated using pressure-strain loops (PSL). A comprehensive TEE examination was conducted in ten anesthetized, intubated and mechanically ventilated healthy female German landrace swine, weighing 44 to 57 kg. For GWI calculation, we performed LV and RV segmental strain analysis and used invasively measured LV and RV pressure to obtain PSL. The GWI and further myocardial work indices were calculated from the area of the PSL using commercially available software. Furthermore, hemodynamic measurements were obtained using indwelling catheters. We obtained complete standardized baseline values for left and right ventricular dimensions and function. Biplane LV ejection fraction was 63 ± 7 % and the LV end-diastolic volume was 70.5 ± 5.9 ml. Tissue Doppler estimated peak tricuspid annular systolic velocity was 13.1 ± 1.8 cm/s. The Doppler estimated LV and RV stroke volume index were 75.6 ± 7.2 ml/m2 and 76.7 ± 7.8 ml/m2 respectively. Pulsed wave Doppler derived cardiac output correlated well with cardiac output estimated using the thermodilution method (7.0 ± 1.2 l/min vs. 7.0 ± 1.1 l/min, r = 0.812, p = 0.004). The LV global longitudinal strain was -21.3 ± 3.9 % and the RV global longitudinal strain was -15.4 ± 2.5 %. LV GWI was 1885(1281–2121) mmHg*% and 297 ± 62 mmHg*% for the RV. LV global myocardial work efficiency was 82.6 ± 4 % and 83(72–88) % for the RV. TEE offers sufficient morphological, functional and hemodynamic assessment of the heart in swine. Myocardial contractility and mechanics can be reliably evaluated with the non-invasive GWI derived from echocardiography without additional invasive measures.
On the road to Agenda 2030 together in a complex alliance of Swedish public authorities
Authors: Palm Klas , Lilja Johan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis article describes cooperation between authorities and universities in order to increase innovation capacity and thereby achieve change in performance and execution for better contribution to a sustainable future. Through action research, the authors have developed new knowledge about dialogical organisational development as a method for increasing innovation capacity. The paper recognises that administrative and adaptive leadership must work together effectively if organisations are to function properly and that the complexity cannot be controlled with complicated systems; adaptation is more important than fixing administrative structures. There is a need for a dynamic relationship between the formal and the informal in organisations—between top-down administrative forces and complex, adaptive and emergent forces. The study also shows that there is a need for a wider range and simultaneous use of management models adapted to different contexts and needs.
Construction of a Frailty Indicator with Partially Ordered Sets: A Multiple-Outcome Proposal Based on Administrative Healthcare Data
Authors: Silan Margherita , Signorin Giada , Ferracin Elisa , Listorti Elisabetta , Spadea Teresa , Costa Giuseppe , Boccuzzo Giovanna 
Published: October 2020

AbstractGiven the progressive aging of Italian and European populations, the number of cases with chronic diseases is steeply increasing. This calls for new strategies for health resource management and the implementation of prevention policies. Among chronic patients, frail subjects have special and wider care requirements, along with an increased risk of adverse health outcomes. Thus, their identification is an important step for the Italian National Program for Chronic Diseases. This study aims at constructing an indicator that measures the frailty level of individuals in the population aged over 65 y using administrative healthcare data-flows of the Piedmont region. Following the multidimensional nature of frailty, we adopted a multiple-outcome approach in our proposal. This was done by considering the capacity to predict six unfavorable outcomes: death, urgent unplanned hospitalization, access to the emergency room with red code, avoidable hospitalization, hip fracture, and disability. We identified a parsimonious set of seven explanatory variables that can simultaneously predict the six outcomes we considered. We then assembled them into a unique frailty indicator through the use of a partially ordered set (poset) theory. Our indicator performed well with respect to all the outcomes and was able to describe several individual characteristics that are not directly considered in the computation of the indicator. Thanks to its parsimony and to the use of administrative healthcare data, our indicator allows all the stakeholders involved in the healthcare process, such as Italian Local Health Units, general practitioners, and regional managers, to use it to target frail individuals with better comprehensive healthcare actions.
Reclassification of aortic stenosis by fusion of echocardiography and computed tomography in low-gradient aortic stenosis
Authors: El Faquir N. , Vollema M. E. , Delgado V. , Ren B. , Spitzer E. , Rasheed M. , Rahhab Z. , Geleijnse M. L. , Budde R. P. J. , de Jaegere P. P. , Bax J. J. , Van Mieghem N. M. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
The integration of computed tomography (CT)-derived left ventricular outflow tract area into the echocardiography-derived continuity equation results in the reclassification of a significant proportion of patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS) into moderate AS based on aortic valve area indexed to body surface area determined by fusion imaging (fusion AVAi). The aim of this study was to evaluate AS severity by a fusion imaging technique in patients with low-gradient AS and to compare the clinical impact of reclassified moderate AS versus severe AS.

Methods
We included 359 consecutive patients who underwent transcatheter aortic valve implantation for low-gradient, severe AS at two academic institutions and created a joint database. The primary endpoint was a composite of all-cause mortality and rehospitalisations for heart failure at 1 year.

Results
Overall, 35% of the population (n = 126) were reclassified to moderate AS [median fusion AVAi 0.70 (interquartile range, IQR 0.65–0.80) cm2/m2] and severe AS was retained as the classification in 65% [median fusion AVAi 0.49 (IQR 0.43–0.54) cm2/m2]. Lower body mass index, higher logistic EuroSCORE and larger aortic dimensions characterised patients reclassified to moderate AS. Overall, 57% of patients had a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) <50%. Clinical outcome was similar in patients with reclassified moderate or severe AS. Among patients reclassified to moderate AS, non-cardiac mortality was higher in those with LVEF <50% than in those with LVEF ≥50% (log-rank p = 0.029).

Conclusions
The integration of CT and transthoracic echocardiography to obtain fusion AVAi led to the reclassification of one third of patients with low-gradient AS to moderate AS. Reclassification did not affect clinical outcome, although patients reclassified to moderate AS with a LVEF <50% had worse outcomes owing to excess non-cardiac mortality.
The self and its causal powers between metaphysics and science
Authors: Giorgi Rodolfo , Lavazza Andrea 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAccording to the thesis of powerism, our world is pervaded by causal powers which are metaphysically basic. The aim of this paper is to defend the existence of the self, defined as asubstantial entity,and itsmental powers. This claim, which may seem a bold one, should not be deemed as inconsistent with scientific evidence. In fact, this approach does not ignore empirical knowledge, but is not bound only to it in order to understand entities, properties, and the relationship between them. Aristotelian powerism may show that theself,as the subject of one’s mental acts, is asubstancethat has an essential nature. Firstly, we shall analyze the immediate evidence we have in support of the existence of the self as a substantial entity. We will show that the self is a substance because it possesses an essential character, i.e. an individual essence. We will take into account the Aristotelian perspective ofsubstance, trying to show how the presence of a necessary property that makes every subject identical to itself and the phenomenal features of one’s private experience point to the existence of a substantial entity that corresponds to the self. Secondly, we will try to justify the adoption of a metaphysical theory of causation based on powers, analyzing it in comparison with the main competing theories, namely hypotheticalism and nomism. Then, we shall proceed to show the causal properties of the substance in question, namely the mental powers. In fact, thirdly, we will embrace the thesis of powerism by defending the existence of a set ofmental powersthat should be attributed to the self. We will describe the main features of mental powers and we will show that they are conceivable as thepure intentional actswe perform by directing an intentional state towards an intentional object. In this way we show how a classic problem of philosophy of mind, relevant to science as well, can be addressed in an original way by a metaphysical approach involving powers.
Size distribution of microbial aerosols in overground and subterranean treatment chambers at health resorts
Authors: Górny Rafał L. , Frączek Krzysztof , Ropek Dariusz R. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Purpose
to perform comparative analyzes of the size distributions of bacteria and fungi in the air of overground therapy chambers in Szczawnica sanatorium and subterranean inhalation chambers in Bochnia Salt Mine health resort taking into account influence of the season and presence of pathogenic species.

Methods
bioaerosol samples were collected using 6-stage Andersen impactor. Bacterial and fungal aerosol concentrations and size distributions were calculated and isolated microorganisms were taxonomically identified based on their morphological, biochemical, and molecular features. Results: in both treatment rooms and atmospheric (outdoor) air, the acceptable microbial pollution levels were periodically exceeded. The size distribution analyzes revealed that in the case of bacteria – emission from the patients and in the case of fungi – transport with atmospheric (outdoor) air were the major processes responsible for microbiological contamination of indoor premises. The majority of microbial particulates were present in the air of studied premises as single bacterial vegetative cells, spores and fungal conidia or (most commonly) formed small microbial or microbial-dust aggregates. This phenomenon may have a significant effect on patients’ actual exposure (especially on those treated for respiratory diseases) in terms of the dose of inhaled particles.

Conclusions
the microbiological quality of the air in sanatoriums and health resorts is a key factor for their therapeutic and prophylactic functions. When microbial pollution crossed the acceptable level, the measures that enable reducing undesirable contamination should be introduced, especially if large groups of patients undergo such therapy.