bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gut virome dysbiosis impairs antitumor immunity and reduces 5-fluorouracil treatment efficacy for colorectal cancer
Authors: Huang Hui , Yang Ying , Wang Xiaojiao , Wen Biao , Yang Xianglan , Zhong Wei , Wang Qiurong , He Feng , Li Jun 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionDespite the established influence of gut bacteria, the role of the gut virome in modulating colorectal cancer (CRC) patient chemotherapy response remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the impact of antiviral (AV) drug-induced gut virome dysbiosis on the efficacy of 5-FU in CRC treatment.MethodsUsing a subcutaneous CRC mouse model, we assessed tumor growth and immune responses following AV treatment, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), and 5-FU administration.ResultsAV therapy reduced the abundance of gut DNA and RNA viruses, leading to accelerated tumor growth, shortened survival, and diminished chemotherapy efficacy. FMT restored the gut virome, improving tumor suppression and extending the survival of 5-FU-treated mice. Metagenomic sequencing revealed significant changes in virome composition, AV treatment expanded Kahnovirus, Petivirales, and Enterogokushovirus, whereas FMT enriched Peduovirus STYP1, Mahlunavirus rarus, and Jouyvirus ev207. AV treatment reduced the number of dendritic cells and CD8+ T cells in peripheral blood and tumor tissues, impairing antitumor immunity, FMT reversed these deficiencies. To further investigate the underlying mechanisms, we examined the TLR3-IRF3-IFN-β pathway, essential for recognizing viral RNA and triggering immune responses. AV treatment downregulated this pathway, impairing immune cell recruitment and reducing chemotherapy efficacy, while activation of TLR3 with Poly(I:C) restored pathway function and enhanced the effectiveness of 5-FU.DiscussionThese findings suggest the importance of maintaining gut virome integrity or activating TLR3 as adjunct strategies to enhance chemotherapy outcomes in CRC patients.
A novel variant c.7104 + 6T > A of ABCA12 linked to autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis verified by minigene splicing assay
Authors: Zhu Linyan , Zhou Rui , Zhang Lianxiao , Chen Mei , Zhang Shengmin , Huang Xiaxi , Shi Yubo , Ding Huiqing 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundAutosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis (ARCI) is a group of genetic skin disorders characterized by abnormal keratinization, leading to significant health issues and reduced quality of life. ARCI encompasses harlequin ichthyosis (HI), congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma (CIE), and lamellar ichthyosis (LI). While all ARCI genes are linked to LI and CIE, HI is specifically associated with severe mutations in the ABCA12 gene. Milder forms like LI and CIE usually involve at least one non-truncating ABCA12 variant.MethodsWhole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed on fetal and parental DNA, and ABCA12 gene variants were validated by Sanger sequencing. The functional effect of the novel variant c.7104 + 6T &gt; A was evaluated using an in vitro minigene system, with splicing analysis conducted via PCR and Sanger sequencing.ResultsA compound heterozygous variation in the ABCA12 gene, comprising c.5784G &gt; A (p.W1928*) and c.7104 + 6T &gt; A, was identified in the fetus, inherited from the father and mother, respectively. According to ACMG guidelines, the c.7104 + 6T &gt; A variant is classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance (VUS). Computational predictions suggested that this variant affects splicing. A minigene assay further confirmed that the c.7104 + 6T &gt; A variant in ABCA12 leads to two types of aberrant mRNA splicing: a 69-base pair deletion (c.7036_7104del, p.Val2346_Glu2368del) and skipping of Exon 47, both of which result in a premature stop codon and a truncated protein.ConclusionIn conclusion, this study identified a novel genetic variant, c.7104 + 6T &gt; A in ABCA12, as the cause of ARCI in a fetus, thereby enriched the known ABCA12 mutation spectrum.
Association of TNF-α genetic variants with neonatal bronchopulmonary dysplasia: consolidated results
Authors: Shams Seyedeh Elham , Dastgheib Seyed Alireza , Mousavi-Beni Seyede Arefe , Hosein Lookzadeh Mohamad , Mirjalili Seyed Reza , Golshan-Tafti Mohammad , Bahrami Reza , Yeganegi Maryam , Shahbazi Amirhossein , Masoudi Ali , Shiri Amirmasoud , Noorishadkam Mahmood , Neamatzadeh Hossein 
Published: December 2024

ObjectivesInflammation is increasingly recognized as a key factor in the pathophysiology of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). While previous research has established significant links between TNF-α polymorphisms and BPD susceptibility, further validation of these associations is needed. This study aims to examine the relationship between TNF-α polymorphisms and the risk of BPD.MethodsAll relevant articles published before October 1, 2024, have been screened in the PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, and Scopus databases.ResultsA total of 14 case-control studies were conducted: five studies with 1,252 cases and 1,377 controls on −308G/A, three studies with 1,180 cases and 1,194 controls on −238G/A, four studies with 149 cases and 192 controls on −857C/T, and two studies with 82 cases and 162 controls on 1,031 T/C. A significant association was found between the TNF-α −238G/A polymorphism and the risk of BPD. However, no significant relationships were observed for the TNF-α −308G/A, −857C/T, and 1,031 T/C polymorphisms regarding BPD susceptibility.ConclusionsOur findings indicate a significant association between the TNF-α −238G/A polymorphism and the susceptibility to BPD in preterm neonates, suggesting potential biomarkers for its pathogenesis. However, this meta-analysis has limitations, including possible publication bias and heterogeneity due to the limited number of studies, which may affect the reliability of our conclusions. Moreover, population variability further complicates the interpretation of the link between TNF-α polymorphisms and BPD risk.
Fatigue in children and adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Zuo Yahui , Cao Jinjin , Wang Yuanyuan , Cai Wenqian , Li Mei 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundIn recent years, there has been an observed increase in the global diagnosis rate of inflammatory bowel disease among children and adolescents. In inactive disease states, fatigue has emerged as the most debilitating symptom, while in active disease states, it ranks second. However, there remains a notable lack of understanding regarding fatigue in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease patients. Consequently, this study sought to investigate the prevalence and status of fatigue in a cohort of pediatric inflammatory bowel disease patients in China.MethodsA cross-sectional, questionnaire-based survey was conducted. The researchers recruited 110 patients with inflammatory bowel disease using the convenient sampling method between 1 September 2021 until 31 November 2022 in Department of Gastroenterology of Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University. Fatigue was assessed using the Multidimensional Fatigue Scale, while potential factors associated with fatigue were analyzed through univariate and multiple regression analyses.ResultsThe study found that the total score of fatigue in children with inflammatory bowel disease was 62.22 ± 20.55. The univariate analysis revealed significant differences in the degree of fatigue across regions, ages, disease severities, corticosteroid use, and biological agent use. Furthermore, the multiple regression analysis indicated a significant difference in BMI (p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionsFatigue is a multidimensional symptom that affects a majority of pediatric inflammatory bowel disease patients. Factors such as patient region, age, disease severity, BMI, and drug use are significantly associated with fatigue. Healthcare providers should prioritize the assessment of fatigue symptoms in these patients. Following the initial assessment, targeted interventions should be implemented to alleviate and improve these symptoms.
Advanced deep transfer learning techniques for efficient detection of cotton plant diseases
Authors: Johri Prashant , Kim SeongKi , Dixit Kumud , Sharma Prakhar , Kakkar Barkha , Kumar Yogesh , Shafi Jana , Ijaz Muhammad Fazal 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionCotton, being a crucial cash crop globally, faces significant challenges due to multiple diseases that adversely affect its quality and yield. To identify such diseases is very important for the implementation of effective management strategies for sustainable agriculture. Image recognition plays an important role for the timely and accurate identification of diseases in cotton plants as it allows farmers to implement effective interventions and optimize resource allocation. Additionally, deep learning has begun as a powerful technique for to detect diseases in crops using images. Hence, the significance of this work lies in its potential to mitigate the impact of these diseases, which cause significant damage to the cotton and decrease fibre quality and promote sustainable agricultural practices.MethodsThis paper investigates the role of deep transfer learning techniques such as EfficientNet models, Xception, ResNet models, Inception, VGG, DenseNet, MobileNet, and InceptionResNet for cotton plant disease detection. A complete dataset of infected cotton plants having diseases like Bacterial Blight, Target Spot, Powdery Mildew, Aphids, and Army Worm along with the healthy ones is used. After pre-processing the images of the dataset, their region of interest is obtained by applying feature extraction techniques such as the generation of the biggest contour, identification of extreme points, cropping of relevant regions, and segmenting the objects using adaptive thresholding.Results and DiscussionDuring experimentation, it is found that the EfficientNetB3 model outperforms in accuracy, loss, as well as root mean square error by obtaining 99.96%, 0.149, and 0.386 respectively. However, other models also show the good performance in terms of precision, recall, and F1 score, with high scores close to 0.98 or 1.00, except for VGG19. The findings of the paper emphasize the prospective of deep transfer learning as a viable technique for cotton plant disease diagnosis by providing a cost-effective and efficient solution for crop disease monitoring and management. This strategy can also help to improve agricultural practices by ensuring sustainable cotton farming and increased crop output.
Prevalence of cognitive impairment and its associated factors in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with hypertension in Hunan, China: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Liu Hongying , Feng Ziling , Zhang Wenyan , Liu Yamin , Xiong Ni , Chen Wenhang , Yang Jianzhou , Wu Xin Yin , Shi Zeya , Dai Wenjie 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundIndividuals with both type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hypertension have an increased risk of cognitive impairment (CI) compared to those with either T2DM or hypertension. Therefore, this study aims to identify the prevalence of CI and its associated factors in T2DM patients with hypertension in Hunan, China.MethodsThis cross-sectional study included T2DM patients with hypertension admitted to the Department of Endocrinology of Yuanjiang People’s Hospital in Hunan Province from July 2022 to February 2023. Data on sociodemographic, lifestyle, disease-related characteristics, and cognitive function were collected through face-to-face interviews. Cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination. Backward stepwise multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with CI. The predictive power was examined using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.ResultsA total of 475 participants were included. The prevalence of CI was 38.9% (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 34.5%–43.3%). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that advanced age (odds ratio [OR]=3.21, 95% CI: 1.74–5.93), elementary school or below (OR=3.51, 95% CI: 1.19–10.31), per capita monthly household income ≤2000 RMB (OR=5.29, 95% CI: 2.66–10.51), not current reading books or newspapers (OR=4.48, 95% CI: 1.26–15.99), not current playing cards or mahjong (OR=3.52, 95% CI: 1.91–6.47), current average time of physical activity ≤30 minutes per day (OR=8.66, 95% CI: 4.65–16.12), diabetic nephropathy (OR=1.95, 95% CI: 1.05–3.61) and stroke (OR=7.41, 95% CI: 3.41–16.11) were associated with a higher risk of CI in T2DM patients with hypertension. The area under the ROC curve of this model was 0.925 (95% CI: 0.902–0.949).ConclusionsThe prevalence of CI was high in T2DM patients with hypertension in Hunan, China. Age, educational level, household income, current reading books or newspapers status, current playing cards or mahjong status, current average time of physical activity per day, diabetic nephropathy, and stroke were associated with CI in T2DM patients with hypertension.
Impacts of heart rate variability on post-traumatic stress disorder risks after physical injuries: amplification with childhood abuse histories
Authors: Jeon Ji Hyeon , Kim Ju-Wan , Kang Hee-Ju , Jang Hyunseok , Kim Jung-Chul , Lee Ju-Yeon , Kim Sung-Wan , Shin Il-Seon , Kim Jae-Min 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionThis study examined the moderating effects of childhood abuse histories on the associations between low frequency (LF) and high frequency (HF) components of heart rate variability (HRV) and the development of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).MethodsParticipants with physical injuries were recruited from a trauma center and followed for two years. Baseline assessments included LF, HF, and childhood abuse histories, assessed using the Nemesis Childhood Trauma Interview. Socio-demographic and clinical covariates were obtained. PTSD diagnoses were made at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months post-injury using the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5. Logistic regression analyses assessed the associations.ResultsAmong 538 participants, 58 (10.8%) developed PTSD during the study period. A significant interaction was found: lower LF/HF were significantly associated with PTSD in patients with childhood abuse histories, but not in those without.ConclusionChildhood abuse history significantly moderates the relationship between LF-HF HRV components and PTSD development, suggesting that childhood adversities amplify the risk. These findings support the importance of screening for childhood abuse histories and monitoring HRV in physically injured patients as part of the assessment process.
Religion and flourishing among Afro-Trinidadians: the influence of proneness to guilt/shame and forgiveness by God on the relationship between religious commitment and health
Authors: Skalski-Bednarz Sebastian Binyamin , Toussaint Loren L. , Webb Jon R. , Wilson Colwick M. , Worthington Everett L. , Williams David R. , Reid Sandra D. , Surzykiewicz Janusz 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundReligiousness has been consistently linked to positive health outcomes and flourishing, yet the underlying mechanisms are complex and not well-understood. The forgiveness and relational spirituality model offers a framework to explore the moderated mediation among religious commitment, health, and forgiveness by God. Understanding these relationships among university students and community residents in Trinidad and Tobago can provide valuable insights into the role of religiousness in promoting wellbeing.Materials and methodsThis cross-sectional study involved 254 religious Afro-Trinidadians aged 18–78 from Trinidad and Tobago. Participants completed measures assessing religious commitment, proneness to guilt/shame, forgiveness by God, and health outcomes. Modeling using 5,000 bootstrap confidence intervals was used to analyze the hypothesized associations among variables.ResultsA significant positive relationship between religious commitment and health encompassed both physical and mental aspects. Feeling forgiven by God mediated the link between religious commitment and health outcomes (B = 0.019; SE = 0.007; 95% CI = 0.007, 0.034; R2 = 0.12). Proneness to guilt or shame moderated the association between religious commitment and forgiveness by God. This relationship was significant primarily among individuals with high levels of proneness to guilt (B = 0.075, SE = 0.019, p &lt; 0.001) and shame (B = 0.074, SE = 0.018, p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionsThis study highlights the importance of religiousness in promoting human flourishing among Afro-Trinidadians residing in Trinidad and Tobago. Religious commitment and forgiveness by God were effective resilience resources that contributed to positive health outcomes. However, the nuanced role of proneness to guilt or shame underscores the need for a deeper understanding of individual differences in emotional responses within religious contexts. Future longitudinal research is warranted to elucidate the dynamic nature of these relationships and inform targeted interventions aimed at enhancing wellbeing in religious communities.
Prevalence and determinants of self-medication consumption of antibiotics in adults in Iran: a population based cross-sectional study, 2019–2020
Authors: Nazari Javad , Ghafoury Roya , Chezani-Sharahi Nahid , Moradzadeh Rahmatollah , Naghshbandi Mobin 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionThe self-medication of antibiotics is a global crisis, posing a significant challenge to healthcare systems worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the frequency of self-medication in the adult population and the factors influencing it.MethodsThis population-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Arak, a city in central Iran, from January 2019 to January 2020. Stratified random sampling was used to determine the recruitment criteria, and a total of 6,692 individuals participated in the study. Self-medication of antibiotics was defined as the self-reported annual consumption of antibiotics, as well as a record of antibiotic use registered in insurance services during the same period. The variables examined in this study included age, gender, educational level, occupational status, insurance coverage, and marital status. All gathered data were analyzed using SPSS version 16.0 and STATA version 16.0 software. p-values &lt; 0.05 were considered statistically significant.ResultsThe annual prevalence of antibiotic self-medication was 30.3% (n = 2,033). Chi-square and Mann–Whitney tests identified a significant correlation between educational level and self-medication practices (p = 0.028), while no significant associations were observed with gender, occupation, insurance coverage, or marital status. Logistic regression analysis revealed that female participants were less likely to self-medicate (p = 0.027), and both older age and higher levels of education were associated with a reduced likelihood of antibiotic self-medication (p = 0.001 and p = 0.044, respectively).ConclusionFactors such as female gender, older age, and higher education levels are significant determinants affecting antibiotic self-medication.
Enhancing prognosis in multiple myeloma bone disease: insights from a retrospective analysis of surgical interventions
Authors: Shi Xiangjun , Yao Xingchen , Wu Yue , Du Boran , Du Xinru 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundMultiple myeloma (MM) is a hematological malignancy characterized by bone marrow infiltration and osteolytic tumor formation. Despite advancements in the treatment of this disease, MM remains incurable and often leads to complications, such as multiple myeloma bone disease (MMBD). Surgical intervention is frequently necessary to manage symptoms associated with bone disease, including pain and fractures.MethodsA retrospective review was conducted on 135 patients diagnosed with MMBD who had undergone surgery, compared to 190 patients diagnosed with MM who had not undergone surgery and served as controls. Surgical interventions were performed based on typical clinical presentations of myeloma-related bone disease, as indicated by imaging results. Patients who had only undergone percutaneous kyphoplasty or vertebroplasty (PKP/PVP) were excluded from this study.ResultsAmong patients who underwent surgery, the spine was the most common site of bone metastasis, accounting for 50% of cases. The number of operations (overall survival [OS], p = 0.82; progression-free survival [PS], p = 0.41) and the order of surgery and chemotherapy treatment (OS, p = 0.85; PS, p = 0.83) did not significantly impact the outcomes. Further, MM patients with surgery exhibited a significant prognostic difference compared to those without surgery (OS, p &lt; 0.0001). The International Staging System (ISS) stage serves as a prognostic factor for MMBD who have undergone surgery, with higher ISS stages indicating worse prognoses.ConclusionsThese results indicate that surgery and chemotherapy together improved patient survival rates compared to chemotherapy alone, thereby facilitating patients' acceptance of systemic chemotherapy. Furthermore, the appropriate timing of surgery contributes to the positive prognoses of patients with MMBD.
The effect of aspirin on lumbar degeneration: an imaging-based study
Authors: Niu Haiyun , Zu Feiyu , Shang Zhenguo , Gao Ze , Miao Dazhuang , Zhang Di 
Published: December 2024

PurposeThis study aims to investigate how aspirin influences lumbar degeneration by analyzing the effect of aspirin on patients with low back pain (LBP) and concurrent atherosclerosis.MethodsUsing 1:1 nearest neighbor matching based on propensity score matching (PSM), 73 patients who regularly took aspirin were assigned to the aspirin group, while another 73 patients who did not take aspirin formed the control group. Radiographs were used to measure lumbar lordosis (LL) and intervertebral height index (IHI). Subcutaneous fat tissue thickness (SFTT), paravertebral muscle fat infiltration area (%FIA), cartilage endplate (CEP) Modic changes, and modified Pfirrmann grading scores were performed based on lumbar MRI.ResultsAfter PSM analysis, confounders between the aspirin and control groups were balanced. A total of 73 pairs of patients were analyzed in this study. The aspirin group showed lower SFTT(L1/2) and a reduced incidence of CEP Modic changes, compared to the control group (both P &lt; 0.05). Additionally, the %FIA and Pfirrmann scores were lower in the aspirin group, particularly in the upper lumbar spine (both P &lt; 0.05). No significant differences were observed in LL and IHI between the aspirin and control groups.ConclusionIn summary, conservative treatment with aspirin protects against upper lumbar spine degeneration, although its effect on the lower lumbar spine is less pronounced.