bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sensitive monitoring of riboflavin in commercial multivitamins using poly (chitosan)‐based nanocomposite
Authors: Hassanpour Soodabeh , Saadati Arezoo , Hasanzadeh Mohammad 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe rapid and sensitive determination of riboflavin (RF) is important for the treatment of seborrheic and glossitis dermatitis, sunlight sensitivity, mucosal, and skin disorders. In this work, an electrochemical sensor was developed by electrodes modification using poly (chitosan) to sensitive detection of RF in commercial multivitamin. Electrodeposition of chitosan on the surface of glass carbon electrode was performed using cyclic voltammetry technique in the range of −1 to +1 V. The modified electrode surface morphology was characterized using a high‐resolution field emission scanning electron microscope. The modified electrode was used as an effective electrical interface for the detection of RF using cyclic, differential pulse, and square wave voltammetry techniques. Finally, the sensor was applied to determine RF in commercial multivitamins. In optimum conditions, the linear range for the standard sample of RF and commercial multivitamins 94 to 333μM and 24.6 to 176μM were obtained, respectively. Low limit of quantification (LLOQ) were obtained as 24.6μM.
Prevalence of African Swine Fever in China, 2018‐2019
Authors: Liu Jinling , Liu Bangzuo , Shan Baiqiang , Wei Shu , An Tongqing , Shen Guoshun , Chen Zeliang 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAfrican swine fever (ASF) has spread widely across China since 2018. It represents a significant threat to the pig production industry, as no treatment or vaccine is available for this disease. In this study, the geographical distribution and epidemiological features of ASF from all endemic regions of China were analyzed. We focused on the epidemiological data from 149 ASF cases among domestic pigs and wild boars, confirmed during 2018‐2019. We found that, in the 1‐year period from August 2018 to July 2019, ASF was reported in most geographical regions of the country, which comprises 31 provinces. The outbreaks were mainly located along the important economic zones and tended to increase southward in general. The southwest region was the most severely affected, with 22% of cases, followed by the Northeast, with 20% of cases. There was no significant difference among other regions. Additionally, the overall mean rate of case‐incidence/fatality was 12.5% and 64%, respectively, in this period and varied significantly different months, with a general trend towards a decrease over time. The highest incidence rate (30.4%) occurred in April‐May 2019, and the highest fatality rate (81.21%) in October‐November 2018, demonstrating the marked seasonality in ASF transmission. Furthermore, anthropogenic effects were a major significant risk factor for the spread of the disease. In summary, this initial epidemiological analysis of ASF provides a global perspective on ASF and facilitates detection of trends and patterns, which will be useful for updating preventive actions at a national level and evaluating their impact on public health.
Serotype‐specific differences in the laboratory parameters among hospitalized children with dengue and genetic diversity of dengue viruses circulating in Tamil Nadu, India during 2017
Authors: Rajesh N. T. , Alagarasu K. , Patil J. A. , Bharathi E. , More A. , Kakade M. B. , Veronika Merlin , Jothilakshmi K. , Shah P. S. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn 2017, Tamil Nadu, a southern state, had the second highest number of dengue cases from India. In the present study, the serotype‐specific differences in the clinical manifestations and laboratory parameters among hospitalized children with dengue were investigated and molecular characterization of the circulating dengue virus (DENV) serotypes during 2017 in Tamil Nadu was performed. Eighty children with dengue‐like symptoms consecutively admitted to a tertiary care hospital and positive for DENV NS1 antigen were investigated for DENV serotype utilizing a real‐time reverse transcriptase based polymerase chain reaction assay. Complete envelope (E) gene sequencing of the DENV strains was performed. Seventy samples were positive for serotyping (25 DENV‐1, 17 DENV‐2, six DENV‐3, and 22 DENV‐4). DENV‐4 infections were associated with elevated levels of liver enzymes; Alanine aminotransferase (P = .021) and aspartate aminotransferase (P = .001). However, none of the serotype was associated with any specific clinical features and severe dengue. Asian and American/African genotypes of DENV‐1 were cocirculating. The circulating genotype was cosmopolitan for DENV‐2 with multiple lineages, genotype III for DENV‐3 and genotype I for DENV‐4. Unique mutations were present in the 2017 DENV‐4 isolates. The present study suggests the association of DENV‐4 with elevated liver enzymes in children hospitalized for dengue. Further, the study reports the genetic diversity of DENV circulating in Tamil Nadu during 2017. The study calls for continuous monitoring of the circulating serotypes and genotypes at regional level in India which might result in a region wise database useful in predicting future outbreaks.
Diet as connecting factor: Functional brain connectivity in relation to food intake and sucrose tasting, assessed with resting‐state functional MRI in rats
Authors: Roelofs Theresia J. M. , Straathof Milou , van der Toorn Annette , Otte Willem M. , Adan Roger A. H. , Dijkhuizen Rick M. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractEating disorders and obesity form a major health problem in Western Society. To be able to provide adequate treatment and prevention, it is necessary to understand the neural mechanisms underlying the development of eating disorders and obesity. Specific brain networks have been shown to be involved in feeding behavior. We therefore hypothesized that functional connectivity in neural networks involved in feeding behavior is dependent on the status of homeostatic energy balance, thus on being hungry or satiated. To test our hypothesis, we measured functional connectivity and amplitudes of neural signals within neural networks in relation to food intake and sucrose tasting in rats. Therefore, 16 male Wistar rats, of which eight were food‐restricted and eight were satiated, underwent resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs‐fMRI) at 9.4 T. Subsequently, half of these animals underwent a sucrose tasting procedure followed by a second rs‐fMRI scan. Functional connectivity and amplitude of low‐frequency signal fluctuations were statistically analyzed in a linear mixed model. Although we did not detect a significant effect of food intake on functional connectivity before sucrose tasting, there was a trend toward interaction between group (satiated vs. hungry) and treatment (sucrose tasting). Functional connectivity between feeding‐related regions tended to decrease stronger upon sucrose tasting in satiated rats as compared to food‐restricted rats. Furthermore, rs‐fMRI signal amplitudes decreased stronger upon sucrose tasting in satiated rats, as compared to food‐restricted rats. These findings indicate that food intake and sucrose tasting can affect functional network organization, which may explain the specific patterns in feeding behavior.
Contrast‐Enhanced Ultrasound (CEUS) as Predictor for Early Retear and Functional Outcome After Supraspinatus Tendon Repair
Authors: Kunz Pierre , Mick Paul , Gross Sascha , Schmidmaier Gerhard , Zeifang Felix , Weber Marc‐André , Fischer Christian 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTSupraspinatus (SSP) tendon tears represent a common indication for shoulder surgery. Yet, prediction of postoperative function and tendon retear remains challenging and primarily relies on morphologic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)‐based parameters, supported by patients' demographic data like age, gender, and comorbidities. Considering continuously high retear rates, especially in patients with larger tears and negative prognostic factors, improved outcome prediction could be of high clinical value. Contrast‐enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) enables an assessment of dynamic perfusion of the SSP muscle. As a potential surrogate for muscle vitality, CEUS might reflect functional properties of the SSP and support improved outcome prediction after tendon repair. Fifty patients with isolated SSP tendon tears were prospectively enrolled. Preoperatively, SSP muscle perfusion was quantified by CEUS and conventional morphologic parameters like tear size, fatty infiltration, and tendon retraction were assessed by MRI. At six months follow‐up, shoulder function, tendon integrity, and muscle perfusion were reassessed. The predictive value of preoperative CEUS for postoperative shoulder function and tendon integrity was evaluated. 35 patients entered the statistical analysis. Preoperative CEUS‐based assessment of SSP perfusion significantly correlated with early postoperative shoulder function (Constant, r = 0.48, p < 0.018) and tendon retear (r = 0.67, p < 0.001). CEUS‐based subgroup analysis identified patients with exceptionally high, respectively low risk for tendon retear. CEUS‐based assessment of the SSP seemed to predict early shoulder function and tendon retear after SSP repair and allowed to identify patient subgroups with exceptionally high or low risk for tendon retear. © 2019 The Authors. Journal of Orthopaedic Research® published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of Orthopaedic Research Society. J Orthop Res 38:1150‐1158, 2020
Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Modulates Tendon Cells Response in IL‐1β‐Conditioned Environment
Authors: Vinhas Adriana , Rodrigues Márcia T. , Gonçalves Ana I. , Reis Rui L. , Gomes Manuela E. 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTStrategies aiming at controlling and modulating inflammatory cues may offer therapeutic solutions for improving tendon regeneration. This study aims to investigate the modulatory effect of pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) on the inflammatory profile of human tendon‐derived cells (hTDCs) after supplementation with interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β). IL‐1β was used to artificially induce inflammatory cues associated with injured tendon environments. The PEMF effect was investigated varying the frequency (5 or 17 Hz), intensity (1.5, 4, or 5 mT), and duty‐cycle (10% or 50%) parameters to which IL‐1β‐treated hTDCs were exposed to. A PEMF actuation with 4 mT, 5 Hz and a 50% duty cycle decreased the production of IL‐6 and tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), as well as the expression of TNFα, IL‐6, IL‐8, COX‐2, MMP‐1, MMP‐2, and MMP‐3, while IL‐4, IL‐10, and TIMP‐1 expression increased. These results suggest that PEMF stimulation can modulate hTDCs response in an inflammatory environment holding therapeutic potential for tendon regenerative strategies. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 38:160–172, 2020
Improvement of the oxidative stability of cold‐pressed sesame oil using products from the Maillard reaction of sesame enzymatically hydrolyzed protein and reducing sugars
Authors: Qin Zhao , Han Ya‐Fei , Wang Nan‐Nan , Liu Hua‐Min , Zheng Yong‐Zhan , Wang Xue‐De 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn recent years, cold‐pressed oils have become more and more popular with consumers. However, their oxidative stability is low. Improving the oxidative stability of cold‐pressed oils will increase their shelf life. Maillard reaction products (MRPs) have been shown to promote the oxidative stability of lipids. In this study, products from the Maillard reaction of reducing sugars and sesame enzymatically hydrolyzed protein (SEHP) were added to cold‐pressed sesame oils to improve their oxidative stability.RESULTSThree types of MRPs from reducing sugars (xylose, fructose, and glucose) and SEHP were prepared. Xylose–SEHP MRPs prepared under optimum conditions had the highest antioxidant activities among the three. The optimum conditions for xylose–SEHP were as follows: reaction temperature, 130 °C; reaction time, 180 min; pH, 6.5; and sugar/protein ratio, 10:1. The addition of xylose–SEHP MRPs at a level of 20 g kg−1 could significantly improve the oxidative stability of cold‐pressed sesame oil. Besides, the addition of MRPs reduced the loss of tocopherol. The interaction of MRPs with endogenous antioxidants in the sesame oil (sesamol and tocopherol) was proved by comparison with lard. There was a synergistic increase in antioxidant activity for the combination of MRPs and sesamol and the combination of MRPs and tocopherol.CONCLUSIONSThe results provide evidence that adding certain MRPs can improve the oxidative stability of cold‐pressed sesame oil. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Systematic characterization of flavonoids from Siraitia grosvenorii leaf extract using an integrated strategy of high‐speed counter‐current chromatography combined with ultra high performance liquid chromatography and electrospray ionization quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry
Authors: Lu Ying , Zhu Shihao , He Yingjie , Mo Changming , Wu Changqiao , Zhang Ruiying , Zheng Xueyuan , Tang Qi 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe chemical constituents of the Siraitia grosvenorii leaf extract were studied. Firstly, high‐speed counter‐current chromatography was applied to the one‐step separation of four compounds from S. grosvenorii leaf extract with the solvent system composed of 0.01% acetic acid water/n‐butanol/n‐hexane/methanol (5:3:1:1, v/v/v/v). In this work, 270 mg of crude sample yielded four compounds, a new kaempferol O‐glycoside derivative, kaempferol 3‐O‐α‐L‐[4‐O‐(4‐carboxy‐3‐hydroxy‐3‐methylbutanoyl)]‐rhamnopyranoside‐7‐O‐α‐L‐rhamnopyranoside, named kaempferitrin A (2.1 mg, 90%), and three known compounds, grosvenorine (3.4 mg, 93%), kaempferitrin (14.4 mg, 99%) and afzelin (4 mg, 98%), and the structures of these compounds were identified by NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Then, ultra high performance liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry was used to illustrate the dominant flavonoids in S. grosvenorii leaf extract. 34 flavonoids including 19 kaempferol O‐glycosides, 4 quercetin O‐glycosides, 6 flavanone derivatives, and 5 polymethoxyflavones, were accurately or tentatively identified by carefully comparing their retention times, UV data, precise masses, the typical fragments of the standards and literature data. Most of these compounds were reported for the first time. This study establishes a foundation for the further development and utilization of S. grosvenorii leaves in future.
Characterization of Adnexal Masses Using Contrast‐Enhanced Subharmonic Imaging: A Pilot Study
Authors: Delaney Lauren J. , Machado Priscilla , Torkzaban Mehnoosh , Lyshchik Andrej , Wessner Corinne E. , Kim Christine , Rosenblum Norman , Richard Scott , Wallace Kirk , Forsberg Flemming 
Published: November 2019

ObjectivesThis pilot study evaluated whether contrast‐enhanced subharmonic imaging (SHI) could be used to characterize adnexal masses before surgical intervention.MethodsTen women (with 12 lesions) scheduled for surgery of an ovarian mass underwent an SHI examination of their adnexal region using a modified LOGIQ E9 scanner (GE Healthcare, Waukesha, WI) with an endocavitary transducer, in which digital clips were acquired by pulse destruction‐replenishment SHI across the lesions. Time‐intensity curves were created offline to quantitatively evaluate SHI parameters (fractional tumor perfusion, peak contrast intensity, time to peak contrast enhancement, and area under the time‐intensity curve), which were compared to pathologic characterizations of the lesions.ResultsOf the 12 masses, 8 were benign, and 4 were malignant. A qualitative analysis of the SHI images by an experienced radiologist resulted in diagnostic accuracy of 70%, compared to 56% without contrast, whereas an inexperienced radiologist improved from 50% to 58% accuracy, demonstrating the benefit of SHI. A quantitative analysis of SHI parameters produced diagnostic accuracy as high as 81%. Peak contrast intensity was significantly greater in malignant than benign masses (mean ± SD, 0.109 ± 0.088 versus 0.046 ± 0.030 arbitrary units; P = .046). Malignant masses also showed significantly greater perfusion than benign masses (24.79% ± 25.34% versus 7.62% ± 6.50%; P = .045). When the radiologist reads were combined with the most predictive quantitative SHI parameter (percent perfusion), diagnostic accuracy improved to 84% for the experienced radiologist and 96% for the novice radiologist.ConclusionsResults indicate that SHI for presurgical characterization of adnexal masses may improve the determination of malignancy and diagnostic accuracy, albeit based on a small sample size.
Long‐Lasting and Rapid‐Responsive Media for Rewritable Information Storage Based on Low‐Cost N‐Substituted Maleimides Oligomers
Authors: Zhai Congcong , Sun Yipeng , Xu Lin , Azhar Umair , Zhang Yabin , Zong Chuanyong , Zhang Shuxiang 
Published: November 2019

AbstractControllable synthesis of high‐performance materials with low‐cost is critical for the development of functional devices. Herein, a series of sequence‐controlled low‐dispersity oligomers with acid–base chromotropic capability via simple copolymerization between N‐substituted maleimides (NMI) and methyldiallylamine (MDAA) are synthesized. The structure and molecular weight of the oligomers are characterized. Owing to the presence of strong electrophilic carbonyl oxygen and imine nitrogen, a rapid‐responsive color switching system is achieved. This change is attributed to the acid/base‐triggered isomerization between enolate state and the enol or keto tautomer via intramolecular proton transfer. More importantly, the color of P(MDAA/NMI) is regulated by the variation of the substituent group of the N‐substituted maleimide. A new type of rewritable paper based on the designed N‐substituted maleimide oligomers is fabricated by a simple spin‐coating process, on which images with high resolution can be acid‐printed and base‐erased for over ten cycles. The writing and erasure times can be as short as 10 s and the legible time can be more than 90 days under ambient conditions. The as‐formed rewritable paper with excellent rewriting performances is low‐cost and easy for large‐scale production and may find more advanced potential applications in memory devices, rewritable labels, an sensors.
Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis Overestimates Fat‐Free Mass in Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Treatment
Authors: Bell Kirsten Elizabeth , Schmidt Schuyler , Pfeiffer Amanda , Bos Lisa , Earthman Carrie , Russell Caryl , Mourtzakis Marina 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundBioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is commonly used to assess fat‐free mass (FFM) and fat mass (FM) in breast cancer patients. However, because of the prevalence of overweight, obesity and variable hydration status in these patients, assumptions for existing prediction equations developed in healthy adults may be violated, resulting in inaccurate body composition assessment.MethodsWe measured whole‐body FFM using single‐frequency BIA (50 kHz) and dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry (DXA) in 48 patients undergoing treatment for breast cancer. We applied raw BIA data to 18 previously published FFM prediction equations (FFMBIA) and compared these estimates to DXA (FFMDXA; reference method).ResultsOn average, patients were 52 ± 10 (mean ± SD) years of age and overweight (body mass index: 27.5 ± 5.5 kg/m2; body fat by DXA: 40.1% ± 6.6%). Relative to DXA, BIA overestimated FFM by 4.1 ± 3.4 kg (FFMDXA: 42.0 ± 5.9 kg; FFMBIA: 46.1 ± 3.4 kg). Individual equation‐generated predictions of FFMBIA ranged from 39.6 ± 6.7 to 52.2 ± 5.6 kg, with 16 equations overestimating and 2 equations underestimating FFMBIA compared with FFMDXA. Based on equivalence testing, no equation‐generated estimates were equivalent to DXA.ConclusionCompared with DXA, BIA overestimated FFM in breast cancer patients during treatment. Although several equations performed better than others, none produced values that aligned closely with DXA. Caution should be used when interpreting BIA measurements in this clinical population, and future studies should develop prediction equations specific to breast cancer patients.
Carbon Quantum Dots As Antibacterial Photosensitizers and Their Polymer Nanocomposite Applications
Authors: Kováčová Mária , Špitalská Eva , Markovic Zoran , Špitálský Zdenko 
Published: November 2019

AbstractCarbon quantum dots and their incorporation in various polymer matrices are reviewed. In general, the importance of such polymer nanocomposites in biomedical applications is highlighted. In particular, the physical and antimicrobial properties of carbon quantum dots and their ability to produce reactive oxygen species under certain conditions using the principle of photodynamic therapy are explored. The characterization, preparation, mechanism of action, and use of carbon quantum dots are discussed. The known combinations of polymers and carbon quantum dots and their use in various industries are also described.
Urinary club cell protein 16 (CC16): Utility of its assay during acute bronchiolitis
Authors: Egron Carole , Labbé André , Rochette Emmanuelle , Mulliez Aurélien , Bernard Alfred , Amat Flore 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAcute bronchiolitis is responsible for high morbidity in infants. Club cell protein 16 kDa (CC16) is a major pneumoprotein secreted by club cells of the bronchial epithelium and eliminated by the renal pathway. CC16 seems to be a biomarker of epithelial damage in asthma. However, its value as a marker of acute bronchiolitis severity and later recurrent wheezing are uncertain, especially the value of its urinary assay for this purpose. A prospective, observational, analytical study was conducted at Clermont‐Ferrand University Hospital to correlate serum CC16 level with clinical severity of bronchiolitis in hospitalized infants aged less than 1 year. We analyzed correlations between serum and urinary CC16, CC16 levels and Wainwright score, immediate morbidity due to bronchiolitis, causal viruses, and recurrent wheezing 1 year after inclusion. In 166 infants, serum CC16 did not correlate with acute bronchiolitis severity (P = .49), but urinary CC16 did (P < .001). In multivariate analysis, urinary CC16 correlated mainly with urinary retinol binding protein (RBP; r = 0.70; P < .001). The logCC16u/logRBPu ratio correlated significantly with severity (P = .02). CC16 levels were not correlated with recurrent wheezing at 1 year. Urinary CC16 could be a useful biomarker in acute bronchiolitis for specific indications. This noninvasive assay would be particularly useful in the young infant population. Several factors must be taken into account in its interpretation, mainly tubular function. Further studies are needed to assess these factors.