bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prefix Allomorphy and the Phonologisation of s‐Deletion in Latin
Authors: Cser András 
Published: December 2019

AbstractLatin s‐final prefixes show extensive allomorphy, which can be ascribed to different diachronic processes such as the drive to maintain contrast, analogical attraction and a sound change that deleted s before voiced consonants. We argue that the latter sound change led to three different phonologisation processes due to distributional imbalance in the relevant segments as well as a simultaneous sound change that also affected s. The evidence for the competing phonologisation processes is provided by the different alternations displayed by the s‐final prefixes.
Differentiation of Cosmetic Foundation Creams Using Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier‐Transform Infrared Spectroscopy: A Rapid and NonDestructive Approach in Trace Evidence Analysis
Authors: Sharma Sweety , Chophi Rito , Kaur Harkamalpreet , Singh Rajinder 
Published: December 2019

AbstractCosmetic foundation creams are encountered as evidentiary material in criminal investigations, particularly in cases related to sexual and physical assault against women. Analyzing foundation cream exhibit is a challenging task as the exhibit is recovered in trace quantity with similar hue. In the present study, ATR FTIR spectroscopy which is a rapid, nondestructive, sensitive, reliable, and safe alternative to other analytical techniques has been used to differentiate 31 cosmetic foundation creams belonging to 23 different brands supported by chemometric methods such as principal component analysis (PCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA). The discriminating power of visual analysis is found to be 98.0%, while PCA and LDA further increased the discriminating power to 99.3% and 100%, respectively. The blind test is conducted with three unknown samples (pretended to be unknown to the analyst), which were correctly linked with their respective source. Further, the effect of substrate such as tissue paper (dry and wet) and white cotton cloth during sample analysis are also examined to simulate the actual forensic casework conditions. The stains on substrates could be identified and linked to its parent product as well. The reported method provides significant results for the differentiation of cosmetic foundation creams.
Progerin in muscle leads to thermogenic and metabolic defects via impaired calcium homeostasis
Authors: Wang Wan‐Ping , Wang Jing‐Ya , Lin Wen‐Hsin , Kao Cheng‐Heng , Hung Ming‐Chun , Teng Yuan‐Chi , Tsai Ting‐Fen , Chi Ya‐Hui 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMutations in lamin A (LMNA) are responsible for a variety of human dystrophic and metabolic diseases. Here, we created a mouse model in which progerin, the lamin A mutant protein that causes Hutchinson–Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS), can be inducibly overexpressed. Muscle‐specific overexpression of progerin was sufficient to induce muscular dystrophy and alter whole‐body energy expenditure, leading to premature death. Intriguingly, sarcolipin (Sln), an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)‐associated protein involved in heat production, is upregulated in progerin‐expressing and Lmna knockout (Lmna−/−) skeletal muscle. The depletion of Sln accelerated the early death of Lmna−/− mice. An examination at the molecular level revealed that progerin recruits Sln and Calnexin to the nuclear periphery. Furthermore, progerin‐expressing myoblasts presented enhanced store‐operated Ca2+ entry, as well as increased co‐localization of STIM1 and ORAI1. These findings suggest that progerin dysregulates calcium homeostasis through an interaction with a subset of ER‐associated proteins, resulting in thermogenic and metabolic abnormalities.
Sex differences in oral oxycodone self‐administration and stress‐primed reinstatement in rats
Authors: Fulenwider Hannah D. , Nennig Sadie E. , Hafeez Hiba , Price Michaela E. , Baruffaldi Federico , Pravetoni Marco , Cheng Kejun , Rice Kenner C. , Manvich Daniel F. , Schank Jesse R. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe opioid epidemic has become a severe public health problem, with approximately 130 opioid‐induced deaths occurring each day in the United States. Prescription opioids are responsible for approximately 40% of these deaths. Oxycodone is one of the most commonly abused prescription opioids, but despite its prevalent misuse, the number of preclinical studies investigating oxycodone‐seeking behaviors is relatively limited. Furthermore, preclinical oxycodone studies that include female subjects are even more scarce, and it is critical that future work includes both sexes. Additionally, the oral route of administration is one of the most common routes for recreational users, especially in the early stages of drug experimentation. However, currently, only two studies have been published investigating operant oral oxycodone self‐administration in rodents. Therefore, the primary goal of the present study was to establish an oral oxycodone operant self‐administration model in adult male and female rats, as well as to examine a potential mechanism of stress‐primed reinstatement. We found that females consumed significantly more oral oxycodone than males in operant self‐administration sessions. We also found that active oxycodone self‐administration was reduced by mu opioid receptor antagonism and by substitution of water for oxycodone solution. Lastly, we induced stress‐primed reinstatement and found that this behavior was significantly attenuated by antagonism of the neurokinin‐1 receptor, consistent with our prior work examining stress‐induced reinstatement of alcohol‐ and cocaine‐seeking.
A critical role for c‐Myc in group 2 innate lymphoid cell activation
Authors: Ye Longyun , Pan Jiexue , Liang Mingwei , Pasha Muhammad Asghar , Shen Xiaofei , D'Souza Shanti S. , Fung Ivan Ting Hin , Wang Yinna , Patel Gargi , Tang Dale D. , Yang Qi 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundAsthma is a complicated chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by airway inflammation and bronchial hyperresponsiveness. Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) are tissue‐resident innate effector cells that can mediate airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness through production of IL‐5, IL‐13 and VEGFA. ILC2 in asthma patients exhibit an activated phenotype. However, molecular pathways that control ILC2 activation are not well understood.MethodsMYC expression was examined in ILC2 sorted from peripheral blood of healthy controls and asthma patients or cultured with or without activating cytokines. CRISPR knockout technique was used to delete c‐Myc in primary murine lung ILC2 or an ILC2 cell line. Cell proliferation was examined, gene expression pattern was profiled by genome‐wide microarray analysis, and direct gene targets were identified by Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP). ILC2 responses, airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness were examined in Balb/c mice challenged with Alternaria extracts, with or without treatment with JQ1.ResultsILC2 from asthma patients expressed increased amounts of MYC. Deletion of c‐Myc in ILC2 results in reduced proliferation, decreased cytokine production, and reduced expression of many lymphocyte activation genes. ChIP identified Stat6 as a direct gene target of c‐Myc in ILC2. In vivo inhibition of c‐Myc by JQ1 treatment repressed ILC2 activity and suppressed Alternaria‐induced airway inflammation and AHR.Conclusionc‐Myc expression is upregulated during ILC2 activation. c‐Myc is essential for ILC2 activation and their in vivo pathogenic effects. These findings suggest that targeting c‐Myc may unlock novel strategies to combat asthma or asthma exacerbation.
Intra‐session repeatability of quantitative metrics using widefield optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in elderly subjects
Authors: Hong Jimmy , Tan Bingyao , Quang Nguyen Duc , Gupta Preeti , Lin Emily , Wong Damon , Ang Marcus , Lamoureux Ecosse , Schmetterer Leopold , Chua Jacqueline 
Published: December 2019

AbstractPurposeTo assess the repeatability of retinal vascular metrics using different postprocessing methods as obtained from the swept‐source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS‐OCTA).MethodsThirty‐two participants (63% males; mean [SD] age, 70 [7] years) underwent SS‐OCTA imaging (PLEX® Elite 9000, Carl Zeiss Meditec, Inc., Dublin, USA). Each participant underwent 2 repeated scans of 2 scan protocols: a macular‐centred 3 × 3‐mm2 and a widefield 12 × 12‐mm2 for a total of 4 acquisitions. Images of superficial vascular plexuses (SVP) and deep vascular plexuses (DVP) were processed using different filters to generate the perfusion density (PD) and vessel density (VD). Vessel enhancement filters ranged from vessel targeted (Hessian and Gabor filters), classical denoising (Gaussian filter), to a scale‐selective adaption (modified Bayesian residual transform [MBRT]). Intra‐session repeatability of the different filters and their correlation with the original data set were calculated with the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Pearson's r.ResultsOf the 32 eyes, 17 and 15 were right and left eyes, respectively. For 3 × 3‐mm2 scans, both MBRT and Gabor filters yielded very good repeatable PD and VD (both ICCs > 0.87) values. Gabor filter was the most correlated with the original data set for the OCTA metrics (r = 0.95–0.97). For 12 × 12‐mm2 scans, MBRT filter produced good‐to‐moderate ICC values for SVP (ICC>0.89) and DVP (ICC>0.73) metrics. Both the MBRT and Gabor filters were highly correlated with the original 12 × 12‐mm2 scan data set (r = 0.96–0.98). The ICCs for the agreement between 3 × 3‐mm2 and cropped 12 × 12‐mm2 were high only for the PD values at the SVP layer and were poor for the VD at SVP and DVP measurements (ICC < 0.50).ConclusionOur findings show that with the proper choice of postimaging processing methods, SS‐OCTA metrics can be obtained with high repeatability, which supports its use in various clinical settings.
Effects of a concept mapping‐based flipped learning approach on EFL students’ English speaking performance, critical thinking awareness and speaking anxiety
Authors: Chen Mei‐Rong Alice , Hwang Gwo‐Jen 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe present study explored the impact of concept mapping‐based flipped learning as a listening‐speaking strategy on learning achievement, English as a foreign language (EFL) learners’ critical thinking awareness and EFL speaking anxiety. The study utilized a pretest/posttest control and a quasi‐experimental design. Seventy‐two EFL learners were assigned to experimental (n = 37) and control (n = 35) groups. The results of the pretest indicated that the participants of the two groups were homogeneous concerning their proficiency level, critical thinking awareness and EFL speaking anxiety. The experimental group was instructed to construct concept maps after each listening task, and formulated their answers to the required speaking tasks from their concept maps. The results of the posttest indicated that concept mapping has a positive and significant influence on EFL learners’ English speaking performance and critical thinking awareness, and can decrease their speaking anxiety. Moreover, the relationships between concept mapping, learning performance, and critical thinking are statistically correlated. The results also revealed a significant negative relationship between speaking anxiety and the other variables.
Practitioner NotesWhat is already known about this topic

Students learn at their own pace and learn with repeated exposure to the same material to strengthen and deepen their understanding until they acquire the knowledge in flipped learning.
The strategy of concept mapping is not only to support learners to organize concepts, but also to develop their ideas.
Concept mapping can foster learners’ confidence and build up their background knowledge, so it will facilitate their speaking ability.
What this paper adds

A concept mapping‐based flipped learning as a listening‐speaking strategy is proposed to help improve students’ listening and speaking skills, EFL learners’ critical thinking awareness, and decrease speaking anxiety.
In addition to supporting students’ foreign language learning, the results showed that the proposed approach provides positive results on the concept mapping‐based flipped learning for speaking training course.
Implications for practice and/or policy

The concept maps served as an approach to help students draw complex conceptual relationships and as an outcome measurement.
The learners’ language performance and critical thinking are positively correlated.
The learners’ concept mapping scores revealed not only in their performances, but also in speaking, conceptualization, and formulation.
Building the role of ICT coordinators in primary schools: A typology based on task prioritisation
Authors: León‐Jariego José C. , Rodríguez‐Miranda Francisco P. , Pozuelos‐Estrada Francisco J. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAlthough the school ICT coordinator’s role has been institutionally defined by the Andalusian Education Administration (Spain), individual factors may be key in the emerging role‐building process. Multidimensional scaling (MDS) of the priority given by coordinators to their different functions and a subsequent cluster analysis of the MDS solution were used to identify role orientations among ICT coordinators in primary schools of Andalucía (Spain). Three orientation clusters were identified: “support of ICT use in the classroom” (67.1%), “promote ICT use in the classroom” (17.8%) and “planning and maintenance of ICT equipment in the school” (15.1%). The interest in separating technical and pedagogical duties into two profiles and the perceived organisational support from the Teachers Centres (TCs) differed in the three role orientation types. Finally, strategies are suggested to reduce role ambiguity and role conflict in ICT coordinators. A clearer definition of the role would improve their leadership in ICT implementation in schools.
Evaluating sixty years of UK trials research in acute myeloid leukaemia: lessons for trial design, past, present and future
Authors: Hills Robert K. 
Published: December 2019

SummarySince the launch of their first trial in Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) in 1959, the Medical Research Council (and latterly National Cancer Research Institute) has conducted randomised trials in AML uninterrupted for six decades. These sixty years have seen a transformation in the way we diagnose, characterise and treat the disease, (and indeed a sea change in clinical trial regulations) and a continuing improvement in outcomes. The increasing refinement of diagnosis, leading to the advent of tailored therapies, and the use of disease monitoring both have the potential to improve outcomes further, but the associated complexities will require an evolution in our approach to trial design. This article looks at the extent to which the guiding principles of the first AML trials remain relevant today, and the challenges facing the next generation of trials methodologists.
Developments in the mechanisms of allergy in 2018 through the eyes of Clinical and Experimental Allergy, Part I
Authors: Roberts Graham , Almqvist Catarina , Boyle Robert , Crane Julian , Hogan Simon P. , Marsland Ben , Saglani Segal , Woodfolk Judith A. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn the first of two linked articles, we describe the development in the mechanisms underlying allergy as described by Clinical & Experimental Allergy and other journals in 2018. Experimental models of allergic disease, basic mechanisms and clinical mechanisms are all covered.
Comparison of outcomes in lung and heart transplant recipients from the same multiorgan donor
Authors: Takahashi Tsuyoshi , Terada Yuriko , Pasque Michael K. , Itoh Akinobu , Nava Ruben G. , Puri Varun , Kreisel Daniel , Patterson Alexander G. , Hachem Ramsey R. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundPrimary graft dysfunction (PGD) and acute cellular rejection (ACR) are important causes of early morbidity and mortality following lung and heart transplantation. While many studies have elucidated donor‐related risk factors of PGD and ACR, these complications often occur even with “ideal” donors. Therefore, we investigated potential associations of PGD and ACR between bilateral lung and heart transplant recipients from the same multiorgan donor, respectively.MethodsBetween 2011 and 2017, 100 donors contributed 100 bilateral lung transplants and 100 heart transplants performed. Logistic regression analysis for PGD and Cox proportional hazards regression analysis for ACR were used to estimate the relationship of heart and lung transplants.ResultsThe incidence of PGD was 33% among lung and 17% among heart transplant recipients. Similarly, the incidence of ACR grade ≥ A2 for lung recipients was 38% (30/80), and the incidence of ACR grade ≥ 2R for heart recipients was 19% (15/80). There was no association between the development of PGD and ACR in lung and heart transplant recipients from the same donor, respectively.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that inherent donor factors are not critical to the development of PGD and ACR after lung and heart transplantation.
Feasibility and outcomes of anti‐reflux mucosectomy for proton pump inhibitor dependent gastroesophageal reflux disease: First Indian study (with video)
Authors: Patil Gaurav , Dalal Ankit , Maydeo Amit 
Published: December 2019

BackgroundAnti‐reflux mucosectomy (ARMS) is a newfangled minimally invasive technique, with successful outcomes for the management of gastroesophageal reflux (GER). We present our initial experience (success rate) and safety profile for this procedure.MethodsConsecutive patients with daily dependence on proton pump inhibitor (PPI) for GER were prospectively enrolled from September 2016 to August 2019 and underwent ARMS using a cap assisted endoscopic mucosal resection. Severity was assessed by gastroesophageal reflux disease questionnaire. Gastroscopy and 24‐h pH‐metry was done pre and post procedure. Patient characteristics, PPI requirement, adverse events and follow‐up were documented.ResultsSixty‐two patients [44 (71%) male] underwent successful ARMS with a mean age (SD) of 36 (9.9) years. Technical success was achieved in 100 % of patients. Intraoperative bleeding was noted in 62 (100%) patients, endoscopic hemostasis was successfully achieved. At follow‐up dysphagia was seen in 5 (8%) patients which needed a single session of endoscopic dilation. At 2 months, mean (SD) DeMeester score normalized in 45 (72.5%) patients from 76.8 (18.3) to 14.3 (6.1) (P < 0.001). PPI could be stopped in 43 (69.4%) patients. The mean (SD) GERD‐Q score reduced from 10.6 (1.9) to 3.4 (1.5) (P < 0.001). However, in 12 (19.3%) patients low dose of PPIs was continued, while 7 (11.3%) patients continued full dose. Thirty‐eight (61.3%) patients telephonically reported symptomatic improvement and were off PPIs at 12 months.ConclusionsAnti‐reflux mucosectomy is safe and effective for treatment of GER. The long term outcomes are favorable, response is durable and promising at our center. Appropriate patient selection still remains primal to the overall success of ARMS.
Distinct directional couplings between slow and fast gamma power to the phase of theta oscillations in the rat hippocampus
Authors: Jiang Haiteng , Bahramisharif Ali , van Gerven Marcel A. J. , Jensen Ole 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIt is well‐established that theta (~4–10 Hz) and gamma (~25–100 Hz) oscillations interact in the rat hippocampus. This cross‐frequency coupling might facilitate neuronal coordination both within and between brain areas. However, it remains unclear whether the phase of theta oscillations controls the power of slow and fast gamma activity or vice versa. We here applied spectral Granger causality, phase slope index and a newly developed cross‐frequency directionality (CFD) measure to investigate directional interactions between local field potentials recorded within and across hippocampal subregions of CA1 and CA3 of freely exploring rats. Given the well‐known CA3 to CA1 anatomical connection, we hypothesized that interregional directional interactions were constrained by anatomical connection, and within‐frequency and cross‐frequency directional interactions were always from CA3 to CA1. As expected, we found that CA3 drove CA1 in the theta band, and theta phase‐to‐gamma power coupling was prominent both within and between CA3 and CA1 regions. The CFD measure further demonstrated that distinct directional couplings with respect to theta phase was different between slow and fast gamma activity. Importantly, CA3 slow gamma power phase‐adjusted CA1 theta oscillations, suggesting that slow gamma activity in CA3 entrains theta oscillations in CA1. In contrast, CA3 theta phase controls CA1 fast gamma activity, indicating that communication at CA1 fast gamma is coordinated by CA3 theta phase. Overall, these findings demonstrate dynamic directional interactions between theta and slow/fast gamma oscillations in the hippocampal network, suggesting that anatomical connections constrain the directional interactions.
The new kid on the block: immigrant males win big whereas females pay fitness cost after dispersal
Authors: Martinig April Robin , McAdam Andrew G. , Dantzer Ben , Lane Jeffrey E. , Coltman David W. , Boutin Stan 
Published: December 2019

AbstractDispersal is nearly universal; yet, which sex tends to disperse more and their success thereafter depends on the fitness consequences of dispersal. We asked if lifetime fitness differed between residents and immigrants (successful between‐population dispersers) and their offspring using 29 years of monitoring from North American red squirrels (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus) in Canada. Compared to residents, immigrant females had 23% lower lifetime breeding success (LBS), while immigrant males had 29% higher LBS. Male immigration and female residency were favoured. Offspring born to immigrants had 15–43% lower LBS than offspring born to residents. We conclude that immigration benefitted males, but not females, which appeared to be making the best of a bad lot. Our results are in line with male‐biased dispersal being driven by local mate competition and local resource enhancement, while the intergenerational cost to immigration is a new complication in explaining the drivers of sex‐biased dispersal.
Leaf gall polymorphism and molecular phylogeny of a new Bruggmanniella species (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae: Asphondyliini) associated with Litsea acuminata (Lauraceae) in Taiwan, with ecological comparisons and a species description
Authors: Lin Sheng‐Feng , Tokuda Makoto , Yang Man‐Miao 
Published: December 2019

AbstractTwo types of cecidomyiid leaf galls, cup‐shaped and umbrella‐shaped, occur on Litsea acuminata (Lauraceae) in Taiwan. Based on the concept of gall shapes as “extended phenotypes” of gall inducers, these two types could be induced by different gall midge species. However, galls with intermediate shapes between the two types were recently discovered, which implies that possible genetic exchanges occur between the gall inducers of both types. To clarify the taxonomic status of gall midges responsible for the two types of galls on L. acuminata, we undertook taxonomic, molecular phylogenetic and ecological studies. Our findings show that the two gall types are induced by the same Bruggmanniella species and the species is new to science. We describe the species forming this range of galls as Bruggmanniella litseae sp. n., and compare their geographical distribution, galling position and morphometry. Based on our results, a possible evolutionary scenario of B. litseae sp. n. is discussed.