bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intertekstualność współczesnej komunikacji internetowej. Intertekstualne odwołania wewnątrzgatunkowe w memach
Authors: Zdunkiewicz-Jedynak Dorota 
Published: November 2020

Relacje intertekstualne, rozumiane jako rodzaj gry − zaproponowanej przez autora i podejmowanej przez odbiorcę, leżą u podstaw procesu tworzenia i odbioru memów internetowych. W wypadku memu internetowego gra intertekstualna jest bardziej skomplikowana niż w wypadku tradycyjnych tekstów literackich, ponieważ odnosi się do różnych systemów znakowych – ikonicznych i werbalnych, często oprócz nawiązań do memów sieciowych proces odkrywania związków intertekstualnych wymaga dodatkowo odkrycia pozasieciowych odniesień tekstowych. Przedmiotem zainteresowania autorki artykułu są mechanizmy wewnątrzgatunkowej gry intertekstualnej, wykorzystywane przez twórców memów internetowych. Pokazane są one na przykładzie jednej serii memetycznej. Wskazówki dla odbiorcy memu, by jego odbiór miał charakter intertekstualny, znaleźć można zarówno na poziomie ikonicznym – przez powielanie elementu ikonicznego lub jego części, jak i na poziomie tekstu werbalnego – przez powielenie struktur składniowych (np. pytajnych, paralelnych), stosowanie innowacyjnych zabiegów językowych: słowotwórczych (używanie neologizmów), fleksyjnych (powoływanie do życia form gramatycznych niewystępujących w uzusie), zniekształcenia fonetyczne i ortograficzne, prowadzące do ujawnienia łatwo zauważalnego podobieństwa formalnego nowego tekstu do fragmentów lub całego tekstu, który ma być uwzględniony w odbiorze intertekstualnym.
Intertekstualność współczesnej komunikacji. Memy a teksty kultury
Authors: Burkacka Iwona 
Published: November 2020

Internetowe memy są przykładem gatunku, w którym wykorzystuje się różnorodne nawiązania do tekstów kultury. Nawiązania dotyczą zarówno genezy gatunku (stemmat, emblemat, kolaż, rysunek satyryczny), jak i jego elementów graficznych i tekstowych. Źródłem odwołań są najczęściej dzieła istotne dla danej społeczności, należące do kanonu literatury, malarstwa czy sztuki filmowej, a także cieszące się uznaniem publiczności elementy kultury popularnej, np. seriale, książki i reklamy. Same memy są niejednorodne. Niektóre można rozpatrywać jako dzieła sztuki (artystyczne memy), inne jako przejaw kultury kontrmówienia, komentarz dotyczący rzeczywistości czy formę nieskomplikowanej rozrywki. Nie wszystkim towarzyszy humor, żart czy zabawa, czasami mamy do czynienia z ironią czy czarnym humorem. Umiejętność odczytania przekazu i gry elementów jest wyznacznikiem przynależności do wspólnoty komunikacyjnej.
Funkcjonalne naruszenia normy ortograficznej w memach internetowych
Authors: Niekrewicz Agnieszka A. 
Published: November 2020

Celem artykułu jest omówienie funkcjonalnych naruszeń zasad pisowni w memach internetowych. Autorka przedstawia przykłady stylizacji językowej charakterystycznej dla poszczególnych szablonów, której elementem jest naruszenie normy ortograficznej. Dowodzi związku zmian pisowni z charakterystyczną dla memów intencją deprecjonującą, a także z odtwarzaniem stereotypów osobowych. Ponadto pokazuje rolę modyfikacji pisowni w tworzeniu gier językowych i nowych znaczeń. Zanalizowane przykłady świadczą o dominacji funkcjonalnych odstępstw od normy nad rzeczywistymi błędami ortograficznymi. Brak zgodności z zasadami może być uznany za specyficzną formę aprecjacji poprawności językowej. Niepoprawność bowiem jest najbardziej wyrazistym środkiem służącym deprecjonowaniu polityków, celebrytów oraz przedstawicieli różnych grup społecznych, a jednocześnie wyrazem troski o kulturę języka.
Kilka uwag na temat wulgaryzacji i brutalizacji polszczyzny
Authors: Sikora Kazimierz 
Published: November 2020

Autor artykułu przedstawia swoje stanowisko w sprawie inwazji potoczności i wulgarności w dyskursie publicznym i w Internecie. Jest zdania, że jest to zjawisko groźne dla polskiej kultury, któremu trzeba się zdecydowanie przeciwstawiać.
Modne nazwy firmowe (na przykładzie nazw salonów kosmetycznych)
Authors: Młynarczyk Ewa 
Published: November 2020

Obiektem bliższej obserwacji w niniejszym artykule są nazwy firm kosmetycznych zawierające w swej strukturze dwuczłonowe wyrażenia, składające się z: rzeczowników, które oznaczają rozmaite miejsca, instytucje, placówki (np. galeria, akademia, klub) albo pewną przestrzeń (np. kraina, strefa), oraz określeń wskazujących na rodzaj działalności prowadzonej w danej firmie (np. fryzjerski, kosmetyczny) lub obiekt zabiegów (urody, fryzur, paznokci itp.). Nazwy tego typu są współcześnie tworzone niemal seryjnie. Autorka, biorąc pod uwagę sfery konotacji, do jakich odnoszą się rzeczownikowe człony nazw, wskazuje kilka grup leksemów szczególnie chętnie wykorzystywanych w nazewnictwie firm kosmetycznych.
Etymologie nienaukowe nazw miejscowości w Podaniach i legendach pomorskich Romualda Frydrychowicza
Authors: Rogowska-Cybulska Ewa 
Published: November 2020

The article describes thirteen folk (unscientific) etymologies of eleven place names included in Romuald Fryderowicz’s 2013 book Podania i legendy pomorskie zebrane w latach 1914–1922 [Pomeranian legends collected in the years 1914–1922]. A folk etymology is defined as ‘scientifically incorrect explanation of the origins of a word based on the similarity of its form to other words or other casual associations’.The analysed pseudo‑etymologies concern the following place names: Borkowo, Górzno, Osie, Przechowo, Rudki, Tleń, Tuchola, Warzno, Wysin, Zawory and Zblewo; the book devotes two pseudo-etymologies to Tuchola and Wysin each. Some of these pseudo etymologies come from a field exploration, but as much as seven of them occur to be pseudo-scientific. The author uses this term for unprofessional (contrary to onomastic methodology) explanations of the structure and meaning of a word using the research results of various scientific disciplines, especially history.
„Niech się połączą niebiosa i ziemia…”: w poszukiwaniu (nowej) astronomii w Antoniuszu i Kleopatrze Williama Shakespeare’a
Authors: Cetera-Włodarczyk Anna , Włodarczyk Jarosław 
Published: November 2020

Shakespeare appears to be one of the most intensely studied authors exemplifying mutual influence of literature and science. Significantly enough, astronomical references deserve a particular attention due to the spectacular change of paradigm resulting from the replacement of the concept of the geocentric cosmos with the concept of the heliocentric universe. Starting from some general remarks concerning the methodological assumptions of such analyses and the specificity of Shakespeare canon, the paper offers an in-depth study of Anthony and Cleopatra as one of the most representative plays with regard to the number, suggestiveness and interpretative potential of astronomical references. The paper exemplifies the way in which the play combines traditional astronomical and astrological allusions with some unconventional images, usually featuring imaginative hyperboles, which inscribe the fate and feelings of the characters into a cosmic framework. These references repeatedly trigger some fascinating and yet risky interpretations which strive to present Shakespeare as part of the scientific revolution of the age. Refraining from any value judgment, the paper highlights the overall importance of reading Renaissance literature, and Shakespeare in particular, against the background of the history of science in a way which allows for precise identification of contemporary sources of astronomical knowledge as well as for the reconstruction of the actual paths of dissemination of such ideas.
Problematyka filozoficzna w dorobku pisarskim Wojciecha Tylkowskiego SJ
Authors: Lisiak Bogdan 
Published: November 2020

The article presents the issue of philosophy and science cultivated by the Polish Jesuit, Fr Wojciech Tylkowski (1624-1695), a polymath viz. scientist of many varied interests. Tylkowski acted primarily as an educator and lecturer in philosophy at schools run by the Jesuit Order. Tylkowski aspired toward mastering all philosophical and natural science known to him. The notion of the complete scholar of the baroque period – the homo universalis – was a crucial factor in his way of thinking and scientific work. The synthesizing of all knowledge known to him marked the purpose of his writing. For this very reason he also led independent studies, which resulted in his writing activity in the fields of philosophy, theology, astronomy, mathematics, geography, technology, art, and even agriculture. Tylkowski practised philosophy in the spirit of the Aristotelian-Scholastic tradition. An important area of his writing initiative is the so-called philosophia curiosa , understood as philosophy that evokes in the mind of the recipient an interest in the world and knowledge of the subject. Tylkowski was an original representative of this style of practising philosophy and science. His books, especially those written in the popularized convention, the philosophia curiosa , were directed towards a wide circle of readers.
Nauka o kamieniach i jej źródła w cyklu kazań Nuptiae Agni Antoniego Węgrzynowicza
Authors: Kroczak Jerzy 
Published: November 2020

This article centers on the literary achievements of preacher Antoni Węgrzynowicz (1658-1721) from the collection Nuptiae Agni . Gody Baranka apokaliptycznego… (Krak.w 1711) – „Nuptials of the Apocalyptic Lamb” (transl.) – in which there are, among other things, a series of conceptual sermons – refer to the fragment of Apocalypse 21, 19-20, relates to the twelve precious stones being the foundations of the Heavenly Jerusalem, traditionally associated with the names of the apostles. The author presents spiritual content, ingeniously built on knowledge of natural sciences regarding the properties of precious stones, derived from the writings of past and contemporary naturalists, from encyclopedic texts, biblical commentaries, baroque symbolographic compendia, and specialized literature for church speakers. The article discusses these sources of knowledge and seeks to present the writing strategies used by Węgrzynowicz concerning the study of precious stones.
Jak zostać dworzaninem Maryi…, czyli Samuela Brzeżewskiego Zaciąg dworzanów na kurię Najświętszej Królowej nieba i ziemi na kazaniu w dzień Jej narodzenia
Authors: Dybek Dariusz 
Published: November 2020

Samuel Brzeżewski is a long-forgotten Polish Baroque preacher. He left behind three written sermons, of which two take on Marian themes. Among those is Zaciąg dworzan.w na kurię Najświętszej Kr.lowej nieba i ziemi […] – „The recruitment of courtiers to the curia of the Blessed Queen of heaven and earth at a sermon on the day of her birth” (transl.), written in 1644 and published in 1645. It came into existence on the occasion of the anniversary of the birth of the Mother of God and has an interesting sermon-concept form. In spite of the fact that the author reached for the expression „queen”, from time immemorial applied with reference to Mary, he combined with it an interesting fictional plot by portraying the process of the recruiting of courtiers for the court of the queen (it is one of the few Old Polish texts referring to the manner of recruitment for the court of a monarch). Closer study of various desirable features of courtiers (beauty, education, bravery) leads Brzeżewski to arrive at the conclusion that the greatest opportunities for admission to the service of the Mother of God are gifted to „bandits” (i.e. hardened sinners rejected by all) and „agonizantes” (viz. the dying) – those to whom Mary shows her kindness and magnanimity.
Jak nas widzą… Panorama z Kołem Polonistów (w tle)
Authors: Telicki Marcin 
Published: November 2020

The article is an attempt at a critical review of Adela Kobelska’s study Miasto. Uniwersytet. Literaturoznawstwo. Poznań lat dwudziestych i trzydziestych XX wieku jako przestrzeń działania członk.w Koła Polonist.w [The City. The University. The Literary Studies. Poznań in 20. and 30. of XX Century as a Space for Activities of Polish Language and Literature Student’s Associaition]. Questions asked for the author and polemics against some thesis of her discourse are centered around both historical and methodological problems (the last one may be named geopoetics of intelectual movements). The article is also an attempt to confront the inside and outside view of Polish Studies at Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań.
Astrologiczne i humoralne uwarunkowania wyglądu ciała ludzkiego. Johannesa ab Indagine Introductiones apotelesmaticae in Chyromantiam, Physiognomiam, Astrologiam Naturalem complexiones hominum naturas planetarum (1522) na tle kultury umysłowej renesansu
Authors: Raubo Agnieszka 
Published: November 2020

This article describes the impact of humoral theory and astrology on the description of human body in four types of temperaments (choleric, phlegmatic, sanguine and melancholic) in the Renaissance writings. The most important of them is an antique book entitled Introductiones apotelesmaticae in Chyromantiam, Physiognomiam, Astrologiam Naturalem complexiones hominum naturas planetarum written by Johannes Indagine and printed in 1522. Other books from this period are: Enchiridion Physiognomiae co[m] pe[n]diosu[m]: cu[m] figuris facieru[m] (1532) by Simonenide Louicz, Problemata Aristotelis. Gadki… o składności członk.w człowieczych (1535) by Andrzej Glaber, Phisionomia hinc inde ex illustribus scriptoribus… recollecta (1518) by Johann von Glogau. The article describes the humoral theory of diseses, which roots were created by Hippocrates and Galen, and the doctrine of the four humors dominated Medieval and Renaissance medicine. This theory held that in the body there are four humors or bodily fluids (moists) held the secret to temperaments. These humors were: blood, yellow bile, black bile and phlegm. A proper domination of each fluid was a cause of characteristic patterns of appropriate temperament: melancholic, sanguine, choleric and phlegmatic. The theory of four temperaments was also intrinsically tied to astrology, beginning with a natal birth chart interpretations to the impact of diffrent planets (Zodiac) on the organs in human body. Astrology was also helpful in the interpretation of temperaments (personality types) with their connection to the picture of human face, which was analyzed by the medieval physiognomy and also to physical appearance: shape of the body, colour of the skin, musculature and hair. The article also describes the correlations connecting the theory of four humors with birth (natal) charts and looking which planet has the impact on each temperament and human body, with negative or positive domination of diffrent character qualities. And finally, there is a detailed reconstruction of physiognomic types of human types of four temperaments, based on the book from 1522 Introductiones apotelesmaticae in Chyromantiam, Physiognomiam, Astrologiam Naturalem complexiones hominum naturas planetarum by Indagine. The author discusses a planet’s positions and conjunctions with other planets in horoscope and their impact on temperament, physical posture, character traits, with some medical comments.
Nauka w służbie wiary, czyli ile można zdziałać ad maiorem Dei gloriam. O wydanych i niewydanych pracach naukowych Michała Boyma SI
Authors: Miazek-Męczyńska Monika 
Published: November 2020

Looking at an interesting and very diverse scientific out-put of Michael Boym, Polish jesuit missionary in China, one can ask why so many of his works still remain unpublished. This text analyses some circumstances and conditions that impacted this situation for example relation between Boym and two other Jesuits – Martino Martini and Athanasius Kircher, complicated political situation of the Middle Kingdom in the second half of 17th century or some religious factors of the inner policy of the Society of Jesus. Lecture of the original authorial introductions to the published books of Michael Boym (i.e. Flora Sinensis and Clavis medica ) suggests the author found inspiration for his work in Jesuit motto „Omnia ad maiorem Dei gloriam”. By setting both religious and scientific targets to his works Boym persuaded the order authorities that his books should have been published.
Batalia „szklanej rury”. Współzawodnictwo „starego” i „nowego” w debacie wokół doświadczeń z próżnią z 1647 roku
Authors: Kołos Anna 
Published: November 2020

The article addresses the issue of one of the more intense and captivating European scientific disputes, likewise common to Poland, in the era of the seventeenth-century transformation of knowledge formation, which centered around the possibility of the existence of vacuum, and which culminated in 1647. The fundamental aim of the article comes down to an attempt to determine a position in the scientific-cognitive debate, from which the pro and anti-Polish and European representatives of The Republic of Letters (Respublica literaria) could voice their opinions. In the course of the analysis of the mid-seventeenth century scientific discourse, the reflections of Valeriano Magni, Torricelli, Jan Brożek, Wojciech Wijuk Kojałowicz, Blaise Pascal, Giovanni Elefantuzzi, Jacob Pierius, and Pierre Guiffart are subjected to close scrutiny. From the perspective of contextualism in the history of science, experiments demonstrating the existence of vacuum are perceived as anomalies that fall into the crisis of normal science, largely based on Aristotle’s physics. The conflict between the old and the new is not, however, presented as a battle of progression with epigonism, but merely as a contest between opposing individual views and the concept of science, which before the formation of the new paradigm was accompanied by ambiguous verification criteria.
The meaning of the noun ὁρκισμός in 1 Macc 6:62
Authors: Nawrot Janusz 
Published: November 2020

The discussed text of 1 Macc 6:62 contains the noun ὁρκισμός, which defines an oath given to the leader of the Maccabean revolt by the king, and which is worthy of investigation. The fact that this oath is taken by the most noble person in the country, and is given to his adversary who played the highest role in the insurrection, i.e. that of the leader, reveals the term’s significant value. Additionally, the two surrounding verbs related to the activity of taking an oath show that the term must be interpreted as an extremely important activity undertaken solemnly with a high degree of responsibility on the part of the one who takes it, so that he can keep it. What is at stake is personal honor, which guarantees the trust of the other party. An oath taken in such a way should be kept by any means necessary, even if this would require the highest costs and efforts from the one who made an oath to its beneficiary. If breaking the oath entirely ruins one’s honor, then no office can compensate for one’s loss of uthority. In the discussed book, this downfall is also related to the fact that, contrary to the Jews, promises are never kept by the Gentiles.
Wpływ perykopy Mk 16,9-20 na znaczenie rzeczownika ἀρχή w Mk 1,1
Authors: Dzikiewicz Daniel 
Published: November 2020

This study is devoted to the issue of the influence of the pericope Mk 16,9-20 on the semantic meaning of the noun ἀρχή in Mk 1,1. The starting thesis is: after the joining of the so-called canoni- cal ending Mk 16,9-20 to the Gospel of Mark, the first word of this work ἀρχὴ, lost the meaning of the beginning and assumed the value of the summary in the sense of a collection of basic kerygma- tic information about the Event of Jesus Christ. In order to demonstrate the validity of the put forward hypothesis, the current study has been divided into two parts. The first part discusses the issue of the phenomenon of combining biblical texts and its influence on the semantic meaning of particular words or pericope. The second part, however, gives arguments for the proposed solution. The semantic argument shows that the word ἀρχή may have the meaning of summary. The translational argument cites some examples of bi- blical translations of the word ἀρχή as a certain summary. The scriptural argument shows that canonical gospels are a literary summary of the words and works of Jesus Christ. And the exegetical argument justifies the summary character of the entire first verse Mk 1,1. In the light of the quoted evidence, the following conclusion is to be drawn: the addition of the pericope Mk 16,9-20 to the Gospel of Mark made the latter a closed literary composition, and this in turn also influenced the meaning of the word ἀρχή in Mk 1,1, which lost the sense of the beginningand took the character of a summary.
„Maria Magdalena powiedziała do niego po hebrajsku: «rabbuni»” (J 20,16). „Rabbuni” i inne aramejskie określenia odnoszące się do Boga/Chrystusa w greckim tekście Nowego Testamentu
Authors: Ostański Piotr 
Published: November 2020

Everyone who studies the New Testament Bible must take into account its Aramaic backgro- und that results from several factors:– the Aramaic language was very popular in Roman Palestine during the rst century A.D.; – the Aramaic was Jesus’ mother tongue;– Jesus’ teaching was being recorded in Aramaic and then it circulated among the people; – the oldest Church consisted of Aramaic speaking communities. It is worth remembering that the New Testament authors, when working on the Greek Gospels, they were following their Aramaic language habits. The e ects of them were aramaisms in the Greek texts, Aramaic sentence constructions and even Aramaic words rendered by Greek letters. The aim of this paper was to investigate the Aramaic words referring to the God/Christ in the Greek text of the New Testament. Three Aramaic words were analysed:– Messias (John 1:41; 4:25); Greek equivalent is Christos;– Rabbouni (John 20:16; Mk 10:51); Greek equivalent is Didaskale;– Abba (Mk 14:36; Rom 8:15; Gl 4:6); Greek equivalent is ho patēr.The last term is semantically di erent from its Greek equivalent. Being derived from everyday language, it reveals the truth about God in a surprising way.
Napięcie między wyborem bogactwa lub ubóstwa w perspektywie królestwa Bożego (Łk 18, 18-30)
Authors: Ćwikła Jarosław 
Published: November 2020

In Gospel of Luke there are a number of critical statements about rich people. The third Evan- gelist wrote down, for example: [God] sent the rich away with empty hands (Lk 1: 53). But how terrible for you who are rich now, you have had your easy life ( Lk 6: 24).The third Evangelist wrote down not only single, critical sentences about the rich, but exten- sive excerpts. He enrolled for example: the text of the greed (Lk 12: 13-21), the parable about the rich man and Lazarus (Lk 16: 19-31) the text of a great feast (Lk 14: 15-24) and the text of rich man (Lk 18: 18-30).The last one, namely text of rich man (Lk 18: 18-30) focuses on the ability to make choices in the perspective of the kingdom of God. It is a sharp rebuke directed to the rich. Luke in this text warned the rich, that the penalty for them for their sinful choices in temporality, will be eternal damnation.In this article was analyzed this text.