bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Birth and birth-related obstetrical characteristics in southwestern China associated with the current adjustment of family planning policy: a 7-year retrospective study
Authors: Liu Xiyao , Huang Dongni , Wang Yu , Gao Yuwen , Chen Miaomiao , Bai Yuxiang , Wu Mengshi , Luo Xin , Qi Hongbo 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn China, the adjustment of the family planning policy was expected to increase the number of births and trigger a change in the demographic and obstetrical background of pregnant women. The policy itself, and corresponding background variations of the pregnant mothers, might have various influences on certain birth-related characteristics. Moreover, the adaption of the medical system to the policy needs to be demonstrated. To address these issues, over 50,000 individual records from January 2012 to December 2018 were collected from a large tertiary care centre of southwest China as a representative. The monthly numbers of deliveries and births showed stabilized patterns after remarkable upward trends. Policy-sensitive women, among whom older age and multiparity were typical features, contributed considerably to the remarkable additional births. Indeed, multivariable logistic regression analysis identified the child policy and these two background characteristics as factors influencing CS (caesarean section) rate and certain pregnancy complications or adverse outcomes. After the implementation of the two-child policy, a care provider was faced with fewer but more difficult cases. Briefly speaking, more individual-based studies on family planning policy and more efforts to improve obstetrical service are needed to better guide clinical practice in the new era.
Bacteria-induced expression of the pig-derived protegrin-1 transgene specifically in the respiratory tract of mice enhances resistance to airway bacterial infection
Authors: Zeng Fang , Zhao Chengcheng , Wu Xiao , Dong Rui , Li Guoling , Zhu Qingchun , Zheng Enqin , Liu Dewu , Yang Jinzeng , Moisyadi Stefan , Urschitz Johann , Li Zicong , Wu Zhenfang 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAbout 70% of all antibiotics produced in the world are used in the farm animal industry. The massive usage of antibiotics during farm animal production has caused rapid development of antibiotic resistance in bacteria, which poses a serious risk to human and livestock health when treating bacterial infections. Protegrin-1 (PG-1) is a potent antimicrobial peptide (AMP). It was initially identified in pig leukocytes with a broad-spectrum antibacterial and antiviral activity, and a low rate of inducing bacterial resistance. To develop a genetic approach for reducing the use of antibiotics in farm animal production, we produced transgenic mice carrying a bovine tracheal AMP gene promoter-controlled PG-1 transgene. The PG-1 transgene was specifically expressed in the respiratory tract of transgenic mice upon induction by bacterial infection. These PG-1 transgenic mice exhibited enhanced resistance to nasal bacterial infection as the transgenic mice showed a higher survival rate (79.17% VS. 34.78%), lower bacterial load and milder histological severity than their wild-type control littermates. The improved resistance to bacterial infection in the PG-1 transgenic mice could be resulted from the direct bacteria-killing activities of PG-1, and the immunomodulatory effects of PG-1 via stimulating interleukin 1 beta secretion. The present study provides a promising genetic strategy to prevent airway bacterial infections in farm animals by bacteria-inducible tissue-specific expression of PG-1 transgene. This approach may also be helpful for decreasing the possibility of inducing bacterial resistance during farm animal production.
Potential for cervical cancer incidence and death resulting from Japan’s current policy of prolonged suspension of its governmental recommendation of the HPV vaccine
Authors: Yagi Asami , Ueda Yutaka , Nakagawa Satoshi , Ikeda Sayaka , Tanaka Yusuke , Sekine Masayuki , Miyagi Etsuko , Enomoto Takayuki , Kimura Tadashi 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn 2013, recurrent reports of diverse symptoms occurring in girls after receiving HPV vaccination appeared in Japanese media. The Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare quickly responded by announcing a temporary suspension of its recommendation for the vaccine. The HPV vaccination rate soon fell to almost zero. In the present study, we calculated the potential future numbers of cervical cancer incidence and death that will be increased by this policy decision. We have assumed that the number of yearly vaccinations is evenly distributed across a daily basis. Future incidence and death increased in females born in FY2000 are estimated to be 3651 and 904, respectively, 4566 and 1130 for those born in FY2001, 4645 and 1150 for those born in FY2002, and 4657 and 1153 for those born in FY2003. In FY2020, the large increase of risks to females born in FY2004 amounts to 12.0 females per day who will now be at a higher risk for acquiring of cervical cancer in their future, and 3.0 females per day newly at risk for future death from that disease in its progressive form. No one should be able to accept this situation. We sincerely ask the government to resume its recommendation for the vaccine as soon as possible.
Copper microsphere hybrid mesoporous carbon as matrix for preparation of shape-stabilized phase change materials with improved thermal properties
Authors: Liu Yi , Chen Yan , Zhang Junwei , Gao Junkai , Han Zhi 
Published: September 2020

AbstractCopper microsphere hybrid mesoporous carbon (MPC-Cu) was synthesized by the pyrolysis of polydopamine microspheres doped with copper ions that were prepared using a novel, facile and simple one-step method of dopamine biomimetic polymerization and copper ion adsorption. The resulting MPC-Cu was then used as a supporter for polyethylene glycol (PEG) to synthesize shape-stabilized phase change materials (PEG/MPC-Cu) with enhanced thermal properties. PEG/MPC-Cu was studied by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry and thermal constant analysis. The results demonstrated that the thermal conductivity of PEG/MPC-Cu was 0.502 W/(m K), which increased by 100% compared to pure PEG [0.251 W/(m K)]. The melting enthalpy of PEG/MPC-Cu was 95.98 J/g, indicating that PEG/MPC-Cu is a promising candidate for future thermal energy storage applications. In addition, the characterization results suggested that PEG-MPC-Cu possessed high thermal stability. Therefore, the method developed in this paper for preparing shape-stabilized phase change materials with improved thermal properties has substantial engineering application prospects.
Time evolution of transient plasma states from nanowire arrays irradiated at relativistic intensities
Authors: Humphries O. S. , Allan P. , Brown C. R. D. , Hobbs L. M. R. , James S. F. , Ramsay M. G. , Williams B. , Hoarty D. J. , Hill M. P. , Vinko S. M. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractUnderstanding the evolution of extreme states of matter driven by relativistic laser-plasma interactions is a fundamental problem in high-field physics. This is especially true for nanostructured targets, where hydrodynamic effects play a key role within the ultra-fast time scale of laser absorption. Nanowire array targets are of particular interest as they provide an efficient means to access the ultra-high-energy-density regime due to their increased optical absorption, and have been shown to act as very efficient x-ray emission sources. Here we present analysis of time-resolved x-ray emission spectroscopy from petawatt-irradiated Nickel nanowire arrays, used to characterise the conditions achieved when scaling the performance of nanowire targets to relativistic intensities. A full time evolution of the plasma conditions is extracted from the experimental data, and shows good agreement with the physical interaction picture developed by prior computational studies.
Experimental evidence and network pharmacology-based analysis reveal the molecular mechanism of Tongxinluo capsule administered in coronary heart diseases
Authors: Li Guode , Xu Qingbo , Han Kedong , Yan Wenhe , Huang Chaopei 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Tongxinluo (TXL) capsule, a polypharmacy derived from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has been widely used in coronary heart disease (CHD), while the underlying mechanism of TXL capsule is still unclear. The present study aimed at investigating the underlying mechanism of TXL acting on CHD patients and providing substantial evidence in molecular evidence by means of a network pharmacological analysis.
Method: Active compounds and targeted genes of TXL were retrieved from TCM systems pharmacology (TCMSP) and TCM integrative database (TCMID). CHD and coronary artery disease were treated as search queries in GeneCards and Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) databases to obtain disease-related genes. Visualization of disease–targets network was performed under administration of Cytoscape software. Besides, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were administered. H9c2 cells were used to validate the predicted results in cardiomyocytes/reoxygenation model, and anti-inflammatory ability was examined.
Results: A network of a total of 212 nodes and 1016 edges was obtained. Peptide and ubiquitin-like protein ligase binding occupied a leading position of GO enrichment. For KEGG analysis, fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis, as well as inflammation-related pathways were enriched. Cellular validation revealed the anti-inflammatory effect of β-sitosterol, eriodictyol, odoricarpin, and tirucallol as active compounds of TXL.
Conclusion: Our study provided substantial molecular evidence that TXL capsule possessed the characteristics of multitargets with safe profile, and the main component is capable of regulating cytokine level in CHD patients.
Spatially resolved measurements of the solar photospheric oxygen abundance
Authors: Cubas Armas M. , Asensio Ramos A. , Socas-Navarro H. 
Published: September 2020

Aims. We report the results of a novel determination of the solar oxygen abundance using spatially resolved observations and inversions. We seek to derive the photospheric solar oxygen abundance with a method that is robust against uncertainties in the model atmosphere.
Methods. We use observations with spatial resolution obtained at the Vacuum Tower Telescope to derive the oxygen abundance at 40 different spatial positions in granules and intergranular lanes. We first obtain a model for each location by inverting the Fe I lines with the NICOLE inversion code. These models are then integrated into a hierarchical Bayesian model that is used to infer the most probable value for the oxygen abundance that is compatible with all the observations. The abundance is derived from the [O I] forbidden line at 6300 Å taking into consideration all possible nuisance parameters that can affect the abundance.
Results. Our results show good agreement in the inferred oxygen abundance for all the pixels analyzed, demonstrating the robustness of the analysis against possible systematic errors in the model. We find a slightly higher oxygen abundance in granules than in intergranular lanes when treated separately (log(ϵO) = 8.83 ± 0.02 vs. log(ϵO) = 8.76 ± 0.02), which is a difference of approximately 2-σ. This tension suggests that some systematic errors in the model or the radiative transfer still exist but are small. When taking all pixels together, we obtain an oxygen abundance of log(ϵO) = 8.80 ± 0.03, which is compatible with both granules and lanes within 1-σ. The spread of results is due to both systematic and random errors.
Component properties and mutual orbit of binary main-belt comet 288P/(300163) 2006 VW139
Authors: Agarwal J. , Kim Y. , Jewitt D. , Mutchler M. , Weaver H. , Larson S. 
Published: September 2020

Context. The binary asteroid 288P/(300163) is unusual both for its combination of wide-separation and high mass ratio and for its comet-like activity. It is not currently known whether there is a causal connection between the activity and the unusual orbit or if instead the activity helped to overcome a strong detection bias against such sub-arcsecond systems.
Aims. We aim to find observational constraints discriminating between possible formation scenarios and to characterise the physical properties of the system components.
Methods. We measured the component separation and brightness using point spread function fitting to high-resolution Hubble Space Telescope/Wide Field Camera 3 images from 25 epochs between 2011 and 2020. We constrained component sizes and shapes from the photometry, and we fitted a Keplerian orbit to the separation as a function of time.
Results. Approximating the components A and B as prolate spheroids with semi-axis lengths a < b and assuming a geometric albedo of 0.07, we find aA ≤ 0.6 km, bA ≥ 1.4 km, aB ≤ 0.5 km, and bB ≥ 0.8 km. We find indications that the dust production may have concentrated around B and that the mutual orbital period may have changed by 1–2 days during the 2016 perihelion passage. Orbit solutions have semi-major axes in the range of (105–109) km, eccentricities between 0.41 and 0.51, and periods of (117.3–117.5) days pre-perihelion and (118.5–119.5) days post-perihelion, corresponding to system masses in the range of (6.67–7.23) × 1012 kg. The mutual and heliocentric orbit planes are roughly aligned.
Conclusions. Based on the orbit alignment, we infer that spin-up of the precursor by the Yarkovsky-O’Keefe-Radzievskii-Paddack (YORP) effect led to the formation of the binary system. We disfavour (but cannot exclude) a scenario of very recent formation where activity was directly triggered by the break-up, because our data support a scenario with a single active component.
SDSS J1004+4112: the case for a galaxy cluster dominated by primordial black holes
Authors: Hawkins M. R. S. 
Published: September 2020

Aims. This paper is aimed at providing a plausible explanation for the large amplitude microlensing events observed in the cluster-lensed quasar system, SDSS J1004+4112. The microlensed quasar images appear to lie well clear of the stellar population of the cluster, raising the possibility that the cluster dark matter is composed of compact bodies that are responsible for the observed microlensing.
Methods. We established the exact structure of the difference light curves attributed to microlensing from photometric monitoring programmes in the literature. We showed, based on measurements of surface brightness, that the probability of microlensing by stars in the cluster is negligible. We relaxed our initial assumption that the cluster dark matter takes the form of smoothly distributed particles and we hypothesized that it is made up of compact bodies. We then used computer simulations of the resulting magnification pattern to estimate the probability of microlensing.
Results. Our results show that for a range of values for source size and lens mass, the large microlensing amplitude that is observed is consistent with the statistics obtained from the simulations.
Conclusions. We conclude that providing the assumption of smoothly distributed dark matter is relaxed, the observed large amplitude microlensing can be accounted for by assuming that the cluster’s dark matter is in the form of compact bodies of solar mass. We further conclude that the most plausible identification of these bodies is that of primordial black holes.
Akute Inversio uteri puerperalis: Eine Falldarstellung
Authors: Osmanlıoğlu Şeyma 
Published: September 2020

ZusammenfassungDie puerperale Uterusinversion ist eine seltene aber lebensbedrohliche geburtshilfliche Komplikation. Nicht erkannt kann es zu schweren Blutungen und Schock bis hin zum mütterlichen Tod führen. Eine manuelle Reposition unter Vollnarkose ist meistens erfolgreich. Bei resistenten Inversionen kann eine Korrektur per Laparotomie hinzugezogen werden. In jedem Fall können die Mortalität und Morbidität durch rechtzeitige Erkennung und zügige Reposition vermindert werden. Daher sollten regelmäßige praktische Übungen zur Erkennung und Behandlung der akuten uterinen Inversion, wie auch andere geburtshilfliche Notfälle im Rahmen der Facharztausbildung erfolgen. Wir berichten über eine 31-jährige II. Gravida 0. Para in der 39+4. Schwangerschaftswoche (SSW), bei der eine akute Inversio uteri dritten Grades nach einer spontanen Entbindung aufgetreten war, die bei frustraner vaginaler Reposition per Laparotomie in Intubationsnarkose reponiert wurde.
DBS Assay with LC-MS/MS for the Determination of Idelalisib, A Selective PI3K-δ Inhibitor in Mice Blood and Its Application to a Pharmacokinetic Study
Authors: Tripathy Harsha K. , Manju Nair S.V. , Dittakavi Sreekanth , Zakkula Ashok , Mullangi Ramesh 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIdelalisib is a selective and second-generation PI3K-δ inhibitor, approved for the treatment of non-Hodgkin lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. In this paper, we present a fully validated dried blood spot (DBS) method for the quantitation of idelalisib from mice blood using an LC-MS/MS, which was operated under multiple reaction monitoring mode. To the punched DBS discs, acidified methanol enriched with internal standard (IS; larotrectinib) was added and extracted using tert-butyl methyl ether as an extraction solvent with sonication. Chromatographic separation of idelalisib and the IS was achieved on an Atlantis dC18 column using a mixture of 10 mM ammonium formate:acetonitrile (25:75, v/v). The flow-rate and injection volume were 0.80 mL/min and 2.0 µL, respectively. Idelalisib and the IS were eluted at ~0.98 and 0.93 min, respectively and the total run time was 2.00 min. Idelalisib and the IS were analyzed using positive ion scan mode and parent-daughter mass to charge ion (m/z) transition of 416.1→176.1 and 429.1→342.1, respectively was used for the quantitation. The calibration range was 1.01−4 797 ng/mL. No matrix effect and carry over were observed. Haematocrit did not influence DBS idelalisib concentrations. All the validation parameters met the acceptance criteria. The applicability of the validated method was shown in a mice pharmacokinetic study.
Die Behandlung der avaskulären Kahnbeinpseudarthrose: gefäßgestielter Knochenspan vom Beckenkamm oder vom medialen Femurkondyl?
Authors: Kastenberger Tobias , Kaiser Peter , Bode Simone , Horling Lukas , Schmidle Gernot , Arora Rohit 
Published: September 2020

ZusammenfassungDie Behandlung von Kahnbeinpseudarthrosen ist nach wie vor eine Herausforderung für den behandelnden Handchirurgen – im Speziellen bei avaskulären, proximalen Kahnbeinpseudarthrosen oder vorangegangenen fehlgeschlagenen Operationen. Unterschiedliche operative Verfahren wurden etabliert und basieren auf der Rekonstruktion der korrekten Anatomie des Kahnbeins, welche einerseits Stabilität bietet und andererseits eine ausreichende Durchblutung wiederherstellt. Das Behandlungsspektrum reicht von avaskulären bis hin zu freien, gefäßgestielten Spaninterponaten. Die beiden am häufigsten verwendeten freien vaskularisierten Knochenspäne stammen vom Beckenkamm und vom medialen Femurkondyl. Der Femurkondylenspan zeigt eine konstantere Gefäßanatomie, geringere Hebemorbidität und höherer Heilungsrate im Vergleich zum Beckenkammspan. Zudem ist der Span technisch einfacher zu heben und kann sowohl als kortikospongiöser, wie auch osteochondraler Span gehoben werden. In Summe der Vorteile kommen wir zu dem Schluss, dass die Versorgung der Kahnbeinpseudarthrose bei avaskulärem proximalen Pol mittels gefäßgestieltem Femurkondylenspan die Methode unserer Wahl ist.
Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Cortical and Trabecular Bone
Authors: Jerban Saeed , Ma Yajun , Wei Zhao , Jang Hyungseok , Chang Eric Y. , Du Jiang 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBone is a composite material consisting of mineral, organic matrix, and water. Water in bone can be categorized as bound water (BW), which is bound to bone mineral and organic matrix, or as pore water (PW), which resides in Haversian canals as well as in lacunae and canaliculi. Bone is generally classified into two types: cortical bone and trabecular bone. Cortical bone is much denser than trabecular bone that is surrounded by marrow and fat. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging has been increasingly used for noninvasive assessment of both cortical bone and trabecular bone. Bone typically appears as a signal void with conventional MR sequences because of its short T2*. Ultrashort echo time (UTE) sequences with echo times 100 to 1,000 times shorter than those of conventional sequences allow direct imaging of BW and PW in bone. This article summarizes several quantitative MR techniques recently developed for bone evaluation. Specifically, we discuss the use of UTE and adiabatic inversion recovery prepared UTE sequences to quantify BW and PW, UTE magnetization transfer sequences to quantify collagen backbone protons, UTE quantitative susceptibility mapping sequences to assess bone mineral, and conventional sequences for high-resolution imaging of PW as well as the evaluation of trabecular bone architecture.
The Effect of Small Size Uterine Fibroids on Pregnancy Outcomes in High-risk Pregnancies
Authors: Cagan Murat , Tanacan Atakan , Donmez Hanife Guler , Fadiloglu Erdem , Unal Canan , Beksac Mehmet Sinan 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Objective To evaluate the obstetric outcomes of singleton high-risk pregnancies with a small size uterine fibroid.
Methods This retrospective cohort study was conducted among 172 high-risk pregnant women who were followed-up by a single surgeon between 2016 and 2019. Pregnant women with preconceptionally diagnosed small size (< 5 cm) single uterine fibroids (n = 25) were compared with pregnant women without uterine fibroids (n = 147) in terms of obstetric outcomes.
Results There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of adverse pregnancy outcomes. The size of the fibroids was increased in 60% of the cases, and the growth percentage of the fibroids was 25% during pregnancy. Intrapartum and short-term complication was not observed in women who underwent cesarean myomectomy.
Conclusion Small size uterine fibroids seem to have no adverse effect on pregnancy outcomes even in high-risk pregnancies, and cesarean myomectomy may be safely performed in properly selected cases.