bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cyclophosphamide Use in Treatment of Refractory Kawasaki Disease With Coronary Artery Aneurysms
Authors: Halyabar Olha , Friedman Kevin G , Sundel Robert P , Baker Annette L , Chang Margaret H , Gould Patrick W , Newburger Jane W , Son Mary Beth F 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background. Despite timely administration of IVIG, some patients with Kawasaki disease (KD) develop rapidly progressive or giant coronary artery aneurysms (CAA). Case presentation. We describe our experience using cyclophosphamide (CYC) for the treatment of such cases as well as a review of the literature on the use of CYC in KD. Through a retrospective chart review of our KD population, we identified ten children treated for KD with intravenous CYC (10 mg/kg/dose) for one or two doses. Seven patients were male, the median age was 2.0 years (range 4 months -5 years). All patients received initial IVIG between day 4-10 of illness. Other anti-inflammatory treatments administered before CYC included second IVIG (n=9), corticosteroids (n=10), infliximab (n=4), cyclosporine (n=2), and anakinra (n=1). Median illness day at administration of the first CYC dose was 22.5 days (range:10-36 days). The primary indication for treatment with CYC for all patients was large or giant CAA and/or rapid progression of CAA. Three patients received a second dose of CYC (10mg/kg) for progressively enlarging CAA. CAA did not progress after final CYC treatment. One patient with a history of neutropenia in infancy developed severe neutropenia 9 days after treatment with CYC, which recovered without intervention or complications. No patient developed infections or other serious toxicity from CYC. Conclusion. In KD patients with severe and progressive enlargement of CAA despite anti-inflammatory therapy, CYC seemed to arrest further dilation and was well-tolerated. Future multicenter studies are needed to confirm our findings in this subgroup of KD patients.
Decades of Research Supporting Malaria Control and Elimination in China: A Bibliometric Analysis of Academic Articles Published in Chinese From 1980 to 2019
Authors: Du Yan-Qiu , Zhu Guo-Ding , Cao Jun , Huang Jiayan 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: China has accumulated a lot of experience on malaria control and elimination in the past few decades. Many research papers have been published in Chinese journals. This study intends to quantitatively analyze these local journals based on the bibliometric analysis to obtain the development path and experience of malaria control and elimination in China.Methods: A long-term, multi-stage bibliometric analysis was implemented. Research articles published in Chinese journals from 1980 to 2019 were retrieved from Wanfang database and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). Year of publication, journal name and keywords were extracted by the Bibliographic Items Co-occurrence Matrix Builder (BICOMB). We defined the K/A ratio (the percentage of a keyword frequency in the number of articles within a certain period) as an indicator for measuring the popularity of a keyword in different decades. And we used the software VOSviewer to make keyword co-occurrence network maps.Results: A total of 16,290 articles were included. The overall trend of articles continues to rise. However, the articles published in the past three years had continued to decline. There are two kinds of trends of the keyword frequency between different decades. The K/A ratio of keywords such as ‘Plasmodium falciparum’ continued to decline (17.05% in 1980s, 13.04% in 1990s, 9.86% in 2000s, 5.28% in 2010s), but ‘imported case’ and ‘surveillance’ continued to rise. Drug resistance always was a concern. The keyword co-occurrence network maps showed that the themes in malaria research were becoming more diverse, and the degree of multidisciplinary cooperation was gradually deepening.Conclusion: This bibliometric analysis reveals the trends in malaria research in China over the past 40 years. The results suggest the high attention on the investigation, multidisciplinary participation and drug resistance for researchers and policymakers in malaria-epidemic areas. And the results also provided domestic experts with qualitative evidence for the summary of China's experience on malaria control and elimination.
Low Arousal Threshold: A potential bridge between OSA and Periodic Limb Movements of Sleep
Authors: Wang Qiaojun , Li Yezhou , Li Jie , Wang Jing , Shen Jiucheng , Wu Huaman , Han Fei , Guo Kaida , Gui Hao , Wang Delu , Chen Rui 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Objective: Periodic Limb Movements of Sleep (PLMS) is a poorly understood comorbidity with close association to Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA). The mechanistic link between the two is unclear. Recent studies on the latter have uncovered low respiratory arousal threshold as an important non-anatomical cause of the disorder. This study sought to investigate whether periodic limb movements are associated with the low respiratory arousal threshold (ArTH) in OSA.Methods: Retrospective data on 720 OSA patients (mean age = 47.0) who underwent Polysomnography (PSG) were collected. Patients were divided into the OSA-PLMS group (n=116) and the OSA-only group (n=604). Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to examine the correlation between PLMS and its potential risk factors including clinical variables, polysomnographic parameters as well as low ArTH. The resulting model was validated in the external MrOS database.Results: The patients in the OSA-PLMS group tend to be older, with a higher prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, and stroke. Significant predictors of PLMS included age, diabetes, proportion of Stage N1 Sleep, average SaO₂, and low respiratory arousal threshold (OR=5.51 (3.35-9.05), p<0.001). When validated against the MrOS database, low ArTH remained a significant predictor of PLMS with an odds ratio of 1.46 (1.18-1.81, p < 0.001).Interpretation: This is the first study that demonstrated a strong correlation between PLMS and low respiratory arousal threshold. This suggests a possible mechanistic link between the physical manifestations of PLMS and the non-anatomical low arousal threshold phenotype in OSA.
Estimating Asymptomatic and Undetected Cases in the COVID-19 Outbreak in Wuhan
Authors: Huo Xi , Chen Jing , Ruan Shigui 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 outbreak in Wuhan started in December 2019 and was under control by the end of March 2020 with a total of 50,006 confirmed cases by the implementation of a series of nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) including unprecedented lockdown of the city. This study analyzes the complete outbreak data from Wuhan, assesses the impact of these public health interventions, and estimates asymptomatic and undetected cases in the outbreak.Methods: By taking different stages of the outbreak into account, we developed a time-dependent compartmental model to describe the dynamics of disease transmission and case detection and reporting. Model coefficients were parameterized by using the reported cases and following key events and escalated control strategies. Then the model was used to calibrate the complete outbreak data by using the Monte Carlo Markov Chain (MCMC) method. Finally we used the model to estimate asymptomatic and undetected cases and approximate the overall antibody prevalence level.Results: We found that the transmission rate between Jan 24 and Feb 1 was twice as large as that before the lockdown on Jan 23 and 67.6% (95% CI [0.584; 0.759]) of detectable infections occurred during this period.. Based on the reported estimates that around 20% of infections were asymptomatic and their transmission ability was about 70% of symptomatic ones, we estimated that there were about 14,448 undetected cases (95% CI [12,364; 23,254]), which yields an estimate of a total of 64,454 infected cases (95% CI [62,370; 73,260]), and the overall antibody prevalence level in the population of Wuhan was 0.745% (95% CI [0.693%, 0.814%]) by March 31, 2020.Conclusions: We conclude that the control of the COVID-19 outbreak in Wuhan was achieved via the enforcement of a combination of multiple NPIs: the lockdown on Jan 23, the stay-at-home order on Feb 2, the massive isolation of all symptomatic individuals via newly constructed special shelter hospitals on Feb 6, and the large scale screening process on Feb 18. Our results indicate that the population in Wuhan is far away from establishing herd immunity and provide insights for other affected countries and regions in designing control strategies and adjusting reopen plans.
Massive left hemothorax following left diaphragmatic and splenic rupture with visceral herniation: Case Report
Authors: Mindaye Esubalew T. , Zegeye Abraham , Tufa Tesfaye H. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Massive left hemothorax following left diaphragmatic and splenic rupture with visceral herniation is quite an uncommon life-threatening condition usually associated with blunt thoracoabdominal trauma. Mortality is generally associated with coexistent vascular and visceral injuries that could be rapidly fatal. Timely, and proper diagnosis is mandatory as survival depends on prompt diagnosis and treatment. Case presentation: We describe a case of massive left hemothorax secondary to blunt thoracoabdominal injury with left diaphragmatic and splenic rupture, gastric, greater omentum and splenic herniation into the left thoracic cavity in a 32 years old male car driver after sustaining a road traffic accident and presented with shortness of breath and easy fatigability of 4 hours’ duration. He also had non-expanding zone 3 retroperitoneal hematoma and left acetabular fracture. He was treated surgically and discharged home improved.Discussion: Diaphragmatic ruptures following blunt injuries are generally larger leading to herniation of visceral organs into the thoracic cavity and the most common organ to herniate on the left side is the stomach followed by omentum and small intestine. Isolated diaphragmatic rupture is rare and associated injuries are the main cause of mortality with spleen being the most common involved organ. Splenic rupture is a very rare cause of hemothorax and isn’t usually considered in the differential diagnosis, making proper information about the mechanism of injury vital.Conclusion: Massive hemothorax following splenic and diaphragmatic rupture with visceral herniation resulting from either blunt or penetrating trauma is rare. Delayed or missed diagnosis is associated with higher morbidity and mortality. A high index of suspicion and the proper use of diagnostic studies are the most important factors in early and correct diagnosis.
ADAM10 plasma levels predict worsening in cognition of older adults: a 3-year follow-up study
Authors: Monteiro Maria Patrícia A. Oliveira , Oliveira Danielle S. M. Salheb , Manzine Patrícia R. , Nascimento Carla M. Crispim , Orlandi Ariene A. dos Santos , Gomes Grace A. de Oliveira , Orlandi Fabiana dos Santos , Zazzetta Marisa S. , Pott-Junior Henrique , Cominetti Marcia Regina 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Blood-based biomarkers for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are highly needed in clinic practice. So far, the gold standards for AD diagnosis are brain neuroimaging and beta-amyloid peptide, total tau and phosphorylated tau in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), however, they are not attractive for large-scale screening. Blood-based biomarkers will allow an initial large-scale screening of patients under suspicion that could later be tested for the already established CSF biomarkers. To this regard, we and other research groups have already described that the plasma and platelet levels of ADAM10 are higher or lower, respectively, in patients with AD, compared to those cognitively healthy. Methods: This was a three-year longitudinal cohort study that included 219 community-dwelling older adults. Sociodemographic, clinical, lifestyle, depressive symptoms (GDS) and cognitive data (Mini-Mental State Examination, MMSE; Clock Drawing test, CDT) were gathered. The measurement of ADAM10 plasma levels was performed using a sandwich ELISA kit. Bivariate comparisons between groups were performed using Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney for continuous data and Pearson’s chi-square tests with Yates continuity correction, for categorical data. Longitudinal analyzes of changes in the MMSE score were performed using Linear Mixed-Effects modeling.Results: Baseline MMSE score and ADAM10 values were significantly associated with MMSE score values on the follow-up assessment. When analyzing the interaction with time, having a normal MMSE at baseline and ADAM10 plasma levels presented a significant and independent negative association with MMSE score values on the follow-up assessment. The analyses also showed that the effect of ADAM10 plasma levels on decreasing MMSE score values on follow-up seems to be more pronounced in those with normal MMSE at baseline. Taken together, these results provide the first direct evidence that changes in ADAM10 plasma levels are predictors of cognitive worsening in older adults.Conclusions: Considering that ADAM10 increase in plasma is detected as soon as in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients, the results presented here may support the complementary clinical use of this biomarker, in addition to the classical AD biomarkers. Moreover, this work can shed light on the study of blood biomarkers for AD and contribute to the advancement of the area.
Controlling of flagellates and ciliates contaminations in Chlorella mass culture
Authors: Wen Xiaobin , Zhang Aoqi , Yi Ding , Zhu Xiaoyan , Liang Lin , Huo Yan , Wang Kaixuan , Yu Youzhi , Geng Yahong , Li Yeguang 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Flagellates and ciliates are two common bio-contaminants which frequently cause biomass losses in Chlorella mass culture. Efficient and targeted ways are required to control contaminations in Chlorella mass cultivation aiming for biofuel production especially. Results: Five surfactants were tested for its ability to control bio-contaminations in Chlorella culture. All five surfactants were able to eliminate the contaminants at a proper concentration. Particularly the minimal effective concentrations of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) to completely eliminate Poterioochromonas sp. and Hemiurosomoida sp. were 8 mg L−1 and 10 mg L−1, respectively, yet the photosynthesis and viability of Chlorella was not significantly affected. These results were further validated in Chlorella mass cultures in 5, 20, and 200 m2 raceway ponds. Conclusions: A chemical method using 10 mg L-1 SDBS as pesticide to control flagellates or ciliates contamination in Chlorella mass culture was proposed. The method helps for a sustained microalgae biomass production and utilization, especially for biofuel production.
Impact of COVID-19 outbreak on the health consciousness and hygiene levels in the people of Hyderabad, India
Authors: Nallamothu Thanishka , Bhimaraju Satya Susrutha 
Published: September 2020

Hygiene and healthy lifestyle practices were known to be important for the attainment and maintenance of positive health. On one hand hygiene helps in the prevention of communicable diseases and on the other hand health consciousness in terms of lifestyle changes has proved to have a positive impact on the immunity of a person, both of which are of the essence during the COVID-19 crisis. The study aims to understand the increase in health consciousness and hygiene practices in the people of Hyderabad, India due to the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic. It also studies variation within age groups. This could help us learn the deficit in efforts at the individual level and awareness at the community level. It was observed that the impact of COVID-19 outbreak has definitely caused an elevation in the health consciousness and hygiene levels of the people. The people became more health-conscious in terms of looking into the diet, exercising and making other lifestyle changes respectively. The efforts to promote them, however, should be continued to reach everyone and the study has to be repeated to ensure this attitude continues. The study proves that there is no association between health consciousness and age groups but showed an association between hygiene and age groups. Thus more emphasis is required to promote hygienic practices among younger age groups to bridge the gap that was noticed.
Highly effective synthesis of 1-thioamidoalkyl-2-naphthols and tetrahydropyridines using a nanostructured silica-based catalyst under mild conditions
Authors: Irannejad-Gheshlaghchaei Navid , Sajadikhah Seyed Sajad 
Published: September 2020

Aim and Objective:
Nano-2-[N',N'-dimethyl-N'-(silica-n-propyl)ethanaminium chloride]-N,N-dimethylaminium
bisulfate (nano-[DSPECDA][HSO4]) was used as a highly effective and heterogeneous silica-based nanostructured catalyst
for the synthesis of 1-thioamidoalkyl-2-naphthols and substituted tetrahydropyridines.

Material and Methods:
The expected products were prepared in mild conditions. In this work, three novel 1-
thioamidoalkyl-2-naphthols and two new tetrahydropyridine derivatives were synthesized and characterized by IR, 1H and
13C NMR and Mass spectroscopy.

Results:
One-pot multi-component condensation of 2-naphthol with arylaldehydes and thioacetamide catalyzed by nano-
[DSPECDA][HSO4] under green, mild and solvent-free conditions led to 1-thioamidoalkyl-2-naphthols in high yields. The
nanocatalyst was also used for the preparation of functionalized tetrahydropyridines by the one-pot multi-component reaction of anilines, arylaldehydes and ethylacetoacetate under solvent-free and mild conditions.

Conclusion:
The reactions results are better compared to the literature in terms of one or more of these factors: yield, time,
and the reaction media. All the products were purified by recrystallization from EtOH, and without column chromatography,
which is good agreement with the green chemistry protocols.
The Interplay of Marine Exposure in Gestational Diabetes
Authors: Khare Ekta 
Published: September 2020

Background:
Gestational diabetes mellitus is a common medical disorder of pregnancy
associated with adverse outcomes for the mother and infant. This disease may result in maternal and
fetal morbidity and mortality. Although therapies are available for the management of diabetes,
which includes anti-diabetic drugs and insulin injections, yet continuous use of synthetic drugs provides
lower healing with many side effects.

Objective:
The continuous search for effective anti-diabetic drugs from a natural source is the main
reason behind exploring marine resources for therapeutic and nutritional compounds.

Methods:
As major articles of interest in the field of marine flora for gestational diabetes have been
found, so this review has been proposed based on relevant information. A description of the studies
is included in the review.

Results:
Marine bio-resources produce several novel scaffolds, which show their good efficacy and
bioavailability in the treatment of gestational diabetes. Thus, marine resources have attracted much
interest of the scientific community.

Conclusion:
This mini-review article presents some potential scaffolds from different marine
sources such as algae, sponges together with their specific activity. Concerning the maternal risk
factor, additional study is required.
Investigation of Burnout, its Associated Factors and its Effect on the Quality of Life of Critical Care Nurses Working in Buraydah Central Hospital at Qassim Region, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alotni Majid Ali , Elgazzar Samia Eaid 
Published: September 2020

Background:Burnout is a grave problem for critical care workers because they are exposed to prolonged psychosocial stressors, including advanced technology, high responsibilities and great patient acuity. The aim of this study was to investigate burnout, its associated factors and its effect on self-care among critical care nurses.Methods:A descriptive correlational research design was carried out with 170 critical care nurses at Buraydah Central Hospital at Qassim Region in Saudi Arabia. A self-administered questionnaire including socio-demographic and work-related characteristics was used, as well as the Short Form SF12 to assess the quality of life, and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) to assess the level of burnout.Results:The three Maslach Burnout Inventory subscales, high emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, low personal accomplishment and moderate total burnout score were used. The quality of life measure (sF12) showed moderate levels of physical, mental component score and total score of quality for the critical care nurses. Factors associated with burnout include age, nationality, and years of experience and the wish to change department showed statistical significance. Burnout and quality of life score had a significant negative correlation.Conclusion:Age, nationality, years of experience and wish to change department are all significantly associated with burnout. Finally, burnout and quality of life score of these critical care nurses had a negative significant correlation.
IFWG-TOPSIS Model for Supporting Infant Failure Assessment in an Offshore Wind Turbine System
Authors: Aikhuele Daniel O. , Ighravwe Desmond Eseoghene , Babatunde Olubayo Moses 
Published: September 2020

Introduction:
System failure analysis is an essential aspect of equipment management.
This analysis improves equipment reliability and availability. However, to assess infant failure under
dynamic criteria, reliability engineers require special models.

Method:
Hence, this study uses an Intuitionistic Fuzzy Weighted Geometric (IFWG) and Intuitionistic
Fuzzy Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) methods to
develop an IFWG-TOPSIS model for infant failure assessment. We consider a case study of
Offshore Wind (OFW) turbine infant failure assessment.

Result:
During the model evaluation, this study considered an infant failure of the turbine's main
shaft, blade bearings, pitch system, jacket and monopile support structure, and gearbox. Risk factor,
spare part weight, technical importance, cost, and complexity criteria were used to evaluate these
components’ reliability. The results show that the blade bearings (S2) and main shaft are the most
and least reliable components, respectively. To validate the model’s performance, we compared its
results with Gümüş and Bali’s and standard VIKOR models results. These models selected the same
components as the most and least reliable components, respectively. Thus, the proposed model is
suitable for OFW turbine’s infant failure assessment.

Discussion:
It can be deduced that the use of the modified IFWG operator to calculate the intuitionistic
fuzzy distance measure in standard TOPSIS model as the capacity to produce realistic results
that can compete with existing decision-making methods.

Conclusion:
This study has investigated the use of techno-economic criteria for OFW turbine components’
infant failure assessment. A fuzzy-based model was used to establish the connection between
the criteria and the components. We developed this model using the Intuitionistic Fuzzy
Weighted Geometric (IFWG) and Intuitionistic Fuzzy Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity
to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) methods. Using experts’ judgments, data were obtained for the developed
model evaluation and validation.