bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lifespan Regulation by Insulin Signaling Through Phosphorylation of Proteins Beyond FOXO
Authors: Li Wen-jun , Tao Li , wang Chenwei , Yan Yong-Hong , Zhang Mei-Jun , Liu Ze-Xian , Li Yu-Xin , Zhao Hanqing , Li Xue-Mei , He Xian-Dong , Xue Yu , Dong Meng-Qiu 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Insulin/IGF-1 Signaling (IIS) constrains longevity by inhibiting the transcription factor FOXO. Beyond FOXO, little is known about how phosphorylation—as mediated by IIS kinases— regulates lifespan. Here, we profiled IIS-dependent phosphorylation changes in a large-scale quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of wild-type and three IIS mutant C. elegans strains. Our state-of-the-art analysis experimentally identified more than 15,000 phosphosites, among which 448 were differentially phosphorylated in the long-lived daf-2/insulin receptor mutant. We developed a machine-learning-based tool for systematically ranking the likely functional importance of phosphosites to guide candidate selection for follow-up validation. We show that AKT-1 pT492 inhibits DAF-16/FOXO and compensates the loss of daf-2 function, that EIF-2α pS49 potently regulates protein synthesis and daf-2 longevity, and that reduced phosphorylation of multiple germline proteins (e.g., CDK-1) apparently transmits a signal representing reduced DAF-2 signaling to the soma. Finally, kinase-substrate analysis and subsequent experimental validation confirm that casein kinase 2 negatively regulates lifespan. Our new benchmark data resource and machine-learning tool enables unprecedented access to detailed functional insights for studies of longevity.
Diversity of SCCmec Elements in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) Recovered from a Healthy Student Population in Kenya
Authors: Khasabuli Osborn , Ngugi Caroline , Kiiru John 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Methicillin-resistant S. aureus continues to be a concern for public health systems, particularly due to infections emerging in non-hospital settings. Resistance to methicillin is presently classified as a serious phenomenon because the majority of methicillin-resistant strains are also multi-drug resistant. The genetic determinant of resistance to methicillin and other β-lactam antibiotics is the mec-A gene, which lies in the SCCmec resistance island. In Kenya, studies done previously have shown the existence of SCCmec types in clinical isolates, but similar information on isolates recovered from healthy populations is scanty.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on healthy university students residing within the university residence halls to determine the carriage of MRSA. MRSA was detected using Cefoxitin (30µg), and mec-A gene and Sccmec elements were detected using conventional PCR methods. A total of 237 students were recruited, and 657 swabs were collected using standards methods for recovering S. aureus.Results: A total of 231 S. aureus isolates were recovered, out of which 26 (11.3%) were MRSA. Out of the 26 MRSA strains, 17 carried the mecA gene in their gene cassettes. SCCmecV was the most prevalent (61.5%), followed by SCCmecII (53.9%) among the MRSA strains. SCCmecIVa, SCCmecIVb, SCCmecIVc and SCCmecIVd were absent in all the isolates. SCCmecV was found to be highly prevalent (64.7%) followed by SCCmecII, 8 (47.1%) among the mecA-positive MRSA strains. On the other hand, small proportions of mecA-negative isolates harbored SCCmecI (0.9%), SCCmecII (3.3%), SCCmec III (0.5%) and SCCmecV (2.3%).Conclusion: This study revealed that the strains recovered from the student population were highly diverse in terms of the SCCmec elements they carried in their gene cassettes.
ENO1 suppresses cancer cell ferroptosis by degrading the mRNA of iron regulatory protein 1
Authors: Zhang Huafeng , Zhang Tong , Sun Linchong , Hao Yijie , Ma Wenhao , Shen Shengqi , Suo Caixia , Zhang Pinggen , Wang Ting , Li Shi-Ting , Chen Zhaolin , Wei Haoran , Yan Ronghui , Zhang Yi , Cai Yongping , Jia Weidong , Huang Fang , Gao Ping 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
α-Enolase 1 (ENO1) is a critical glycolytic enzyme whose aberrant expression drives the pathogenesis of various cancers. ENO1 has been indicated to have additional roles beyond its conventional metabolic activity, but the underlying mechanisms and biological consequences remain elusive. Here, we show that ENO1 suppresses iron regulatory protein 1 (IRP1) expression to regulate iron homeostasis and survival of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. Mechanistically, we unprecedentedly uncover that ENO1, as an RNA-binding protein, recruits CNOT6 to accelerate the mRNA decay of IRP1 in cancer cells, leading to inhibition of mtioferin-1 (Mfrn1) expression and subsequent repression of mitochondrial iron-induced ferroptosis. Moreover, through in vitro and in vivo experiments and clinical sample analysis, we identified IRP1 and Mfrn1 as tumor suppressors by inducing ferroptosis in HCC cells. Taken together, this study establishes a novel role for the ENO1/IRP1/Mfrn1 pathway in the pathogenesis of HCC and reveals a previously unknown connection between the ENO1/IRP1/Mfrn1 pathway and ferroptosis, suggesting a potential innovative cancer therapy.
Community Mental Health Care In Mexico: A Look At The State Of Jalisco, Mexico
Authors: Carmona-Huerta Jaime , Cardona-Muller David , Durand-Arias Sol , Allen Rodriguez , Guarner-Catalá Carmen , Eduardo Madrigal-de León , Alvarado Ruben 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Access to mental health care is a worldwide public health challenge. In Mexico an unacceptably high percentage of the population with mental disorders does not receive the necessary treatment, which is mainly due to the lack of access to mental health care. The community mental health care model was created and has been implemented to improve this situation. In order to properly plan and implement this model a precise situational diagnosis of the mental health care network is required, thus this is a first approach to evaluate the community mental health networks in the state of Jalisco. Methods: Two components from the EvaRedCom–TMS instrument were used including a general description and accessibility of the community mental health care network. A geographic and economic accessibility evaluation was carried out for the different regions of the state ranging from scattered rural to urban communities using information gathered from health institutions, telephone interviews and computer applications. Results: Jalisco’s community mental health network includes a total of 31 centers and 0.64 mental health workers for every 10,000 inhabitants >15 years of age. The mean transportation cost required to access mental health care was 16.25 USD. The time needed to reach the closest mental health center in 7 of the 13 analyzed regions was more than 30 minutes and the mean time required to reach a prolonged stay center was 172.7 minutes with transportation cost of 22.3 USD. Some marginalized regions in the state have a mean 114 minutes required to reach the closest mental health care center and 386 minutes to reach a prolonged stay center. Conclusions: This first approach to evaluate the mental health networks in Mexico showed that there are multiple barriers to access its care including an unfavorable number of human resources, long distances and high costs. The identification of Jalisco’s mental health network deficiencies is the first step towards establishing a properly planned community mental health care model within the country.
A review of the TOPHAT (Turned-down Onto Pericapsular-tissue Hemisectioned Amputated Toe) filleted toe flap technique for wound coverage during ray amputations
Authors: Sim Nadia , Lee Shaun , Yap Hao Yun , Tan Qian Ying , Tan Jerilyn , Wong Daniel , Chau Amanda , Mak Manfred , Chong Tze Tec , Tay Hsien Ts’ung 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Wound healing post ray amputation for toe gangrene is commonly complicated by adjacent digital loss after applying Topical Negative Pressure Wound Therapy (TNPWT). This is either due to mechanical soft tissue erosion or trauma to the adjacent digital artery from direct pressure effect. This ultimately results in exposure of the adjacent Metatarsal-Phalangeal Joint (MTPJ) with eventual gangrene and a larger wound bed, thus mandating further ray amputation and subsequently enlarge the wound bed. We describe the use of the TOPHAT filleted toe flap technique – a combination of a filleted toe flap to protect the adjacent MTPJ capsule and a novel Negative Pressure Wound Therapy with instillation and dwell-time (NPWTi-d) dressing technique. The fillet flap protects the adjacent joint capsule and reduce the wound burden whilst allowing the wound to benefit from TNPWT, thereby accelerating wound healing. Methods: We conducted a prospective review of patients with toe gangrene requiring ray amputations who underwent the TOPHAT filleted toe flap technique in our institution from 2019 and 2020. Complications such as wound dehiscence, hematoma, flap necrosis and secondary infection were recorded. Other outcomes recorded were time taken to final skin grafting and time taken for complete wound epithelialisation. Results: 9 patients underwent treatment with the TOPHAT filleted toe flap technique between 2019 and 2020. 2 patients had minimal tip necrosis of the flap which required minor debridement. All except 2 patients whom declined further treatment, progressed to definitive skin coverage with skin grafting. One patient had progressive arterial disease despite successful skin grafting and required above knee amputation. The mean time to final skin grafting was 49.5 days post-operatively and the mean time to final wound epithelialisation was 107.5 days post-operatively. Patients were all satisfied with the outcomes and were able to return to pre-morbid function. Conclusions: The TOPHAT filleted toe flap technique has a consistent vascular supply that provides durable soft tissue coverage. It is a robust and easily reproducible technique to accelerate wound healing after ray amputations even in patients with peripheral vascular disease.
Value of pyruvate carboxylase in thyroid fine-needle aspiration wash-out fluid for predicting PTC lymph node metastasis
Authors: Liu Chang , Zhang Lu , Liu Yang , Zhao Qingqing , Pan Yu , Zhang Yifan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe incidence of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is increasing yearly. Knowing whether there is lymph node metastasis is of great value in choosing surgery and surgical methods, but ultrasound cannot qualitatively diagnose and effectively detect lymph node metastases in the central area. Metabolic dysregulation is an important factor associated with malignancy and metastasis of tumors. Pyruvate carboxylase (PC) is a major anaplerotic enzyme that catalyzes the carboxylation of pyruvate to form oxaloacetate (OAA) and is involved in tumorigenesis in several cancers. This study aims to explore the relationship between PC mRNA expression in thyroid fine-needle aspiration (FNA) wash-out fluid and lymph node metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC).MethodsThe expression levels of PC in PTCs and normal thyroid tissues were first compared based on bioinformatics analysis of public databases, including the Gene Expression Profiling (GEPIA), Oncomine and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. Then, the PC mRNA levels were measured by RT-PCR in surgical tissues in a total of 42 patients with surgically confirmed PTC and compared to those of patients with and without central lymph nodal metastasis (CLNM). Further, to identify PC expression in diagnostic biopsies, a total of 71 thyroid nodule patients with ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration wash-out fluid samples and cytological diagnosis were prospectively enrolled in the study. ResultsThrough data mining, we found that PC is overexpressed in PTC and PTC with lymph node metastasis. In 42 surgically diagnosed PTC patient tumor tissues, PC was significantly higher in patients with CLNM (n=15) than in those without (n=27) nodal metastasis (median: 6.490 vs. 2.430, p = 0.014). Furthermore, in thyroid FNA wash-out fluid, PC was significantly higher in patients with cytologically diagnosed PTC (n=52) than in those with benign nodules (n =19) (median: 2.456 vs. 0.495, p = 0.005). Thirty-four of the 52 patients with PTC received a total thyroidectomy, and PC was also significantly higher in patients with CLNM (n=17) than in those without nodal metastasis (n=17) (median: 3.665 vs. 1.621, p = 0.013). The area under the ROC curve for PC predicting PTC with lymph node metastasis in FNA wash out samples was 0.751 (p = 0.013), and the sensitivity and specificity were 70.6% and 76.5%, respectively.ConclusionsThe findings of this study suggest that PC may predict malignancy in thyroid nodules and lymph nodal metastasis with thyroid FNA wash-out fluid in PTC patients.
‘I no longer know that person’: Grief and loss in families living with someone using crystal methamphetamine
Authors: Sampson Dara , Heinsch Milena , Geddes Jenny , Velleman Richard , Velleman Gill , Teesson Maree , Newton Nicola , Kay-Lambkin Frances 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Although crystal methamphetamine (‘ice’) use is a large and growing worldwide problem, few research studies have explored the impact of crystal methamphetamine use on affected friends and family members. In order to inform the development of a Family and Friend Support Program for those affected by someone else’s use of ice, the experiences and narratives of family members and friends were explored. Methods: This paper reports on a subset of findings from a mixed method study, which sought to better understand the experiences of affected friends and family members of people using ice. Participants were recruited via a Facebook ad and asked to complete a survey outlining their experiences. At the end of the survey, participants were invited to be interviewed by the clinical psychologist on the research team, to discuss their experiences in greater depth. Seventeen people (out of the 39 who completed the survey) agreed to be interviewed. This paper is based on a qualitative thematic analysis of those seventeen interviews conducted with family members and friends of people using ice.Results: The thematic analysis highlighted common areas of concern and experience. Key themes emerged from the thematic analysis, namely loss, stigma, support (or lack thereof), ways of coping, and the value in sharing personal experiences. The pre-eminent theme was that of grief and loss. Concepts of ambiguous loss, disenfranchised grief, and narrative constructivist approaches to understanding loss were applied to the analysis of results. Loss was often compounded by social constructions and stigma attached to ice usage, which extended to the people caring for friends and family members as well. Conclusion: The experiences of the people interviewed in relation to a person in their life who was using ice, were complicated by social constructions of the drug itself. It emerged that this resulted in grief processes which were made more complex because of the stigma attached to the use of ice. These results warrant further clinical consideration and research.
Eight-year Health Risks Trend Analysis of a Comprehensive Workplace Health Promotion Program
Authors: Äikäs Antti , Absetz Pilvikki , Hirvensalo Mirja , Pronk Nicolaas 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThis prospective longitudinal quasi-experimental study investigated trends in health risks of a multiyear comprehensive workplace health promotion (WHP) program. MethodsA comprehensive, eight-year WHP program was implemented emphasizing lifestyle behaviors as key targets in 2010-2013 and environmental supports focused on stress management and mental health resources in 2014-2017. Health risk data was collected from health risk assessments, applying both a questionnaire and biometric screenings. Health risk trends were analyzed for the three time points 2010-2011, 2013-2014 and 2016-2017. Single health risk changes were investigated for three different cohorts using descriptive analyses, t-test, Wilcoxon Signed Rank and McNemar´s test where appropriate. Overall health risk transitions were assessed according to low, moderate and high risk categories. ResultsTrend analyses observed 50-60% prevalence for low, 30-35% for moderate and 9-11% high risk levels across the eight years. In the overall health risk transitions of the three cohorts, 66-73% of participants stayed at the same risk level, 13-15% of participants improved, and 12-21% deteriorated their risk level across the three intervention periods. ConclusionOur findings appear to indicate that the multiyear WHP program was effective in slowing the accumulation of measured health risks but fell short of reducing the number of health risks at the population level. In context of expected age-related health risk changes over time, this comprehensive multi-year WHP program was able to generate modest but important shifts in population health risk profiles.
Significance of Sphenoclea Zeylanica as a Food Resource in Twenty-first Century Urban Bali, Indonesia
Authors: Putro Radityo Haryo 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background Diversifying food sources by including edible wild plants or weeds as food resources can help to combat the issues of simplified diets and food security in the modern world. The present study investigated the case of Sphenoclea zeylanica Gaertn. (gooseweed or wedgewort), an edible wild plant with traces of historical consumption in Indonesia. Because previous studies have failed to clarify its significance for consumption by society, the present study aimed to clarify the significance of S. zeylanica as a food resource in the 21st century.Methods Data were collected in Bali Province (Denpasar City and Timpag Village, Tabanan Regency) through interviews with a farmer, direct field visits to wet markets and supermarkets, and an online questionnaire. Supply distribution was analyzed using geographical information system mapping to visualize point data density, while statistical significance of consumption data was analyzed using the R software.Results The results showed that S. zeylanica was cultivated as a vegetable crop by local farmers in Timpag Village from 2014. Fresh S. zeylanica could be found mainly sold in wet markets within Denpasar City, while prepared or cooked versions of the plant were noted to be sold in several food and beverage establishments. The selling price of S. zeylanica was also found to be high among other similar vegetables. A majority of the study’s survey respondents have consumed S. zeylanica at least once in the past, with most of them tended to be older and were more often female. However, it was identified that factors such as low production, unequal distribution, and high market pricing were probable causes in limiting its use and consumption. Conclusions It was concluded that S. zeylanica has limited significance in 21st century urban Bali, Indonesia, despite high awareness of the plant as a food resource. However, commercialization and preservation of cultural plant knowledge surrounding S. zeylanica were thought to be potentially important actions for maintaining its use as a future food resource. Consequently, further research is necessary on potential marketing methods and strategies to generate greater interest or demand towards S. zeylanica as a vegetable crop.
DenseCapsNet: Detection of COVID-19 X-ray Images Using a Capsule Network
Authors: Quan Hao , Xu Xiaosong , Zheng Tingting , Li Zhi , Zhao Mingfang , Cui Xiaoyu 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Objective: A deep learning framework for detecting COVID-19 is developed, and a small amount of chest X-ray data is used to accurately screen COVID-19.Methods: In this paper, we propose a deep learning framework that integrates convolution neural network and capsule network. DenseNet and CapsNet fusion are used to give full play to their respective advantages, reduce the dependence of convolution neural network on a large amount of data, and can quickly and accurately distinguish COVID-19 from Non-COVID-19 through chest X-ray imaging.Results: A total of 1472 chest X-ray COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 images are used, this method can achieve an accuracy of 99.32% and a precision of 100%, with 98.55% sensitivity and 100% specificity.Conclusion: These results show that the deep fusion neural network DenseCapsNet has good performance in novel coronavirus pneumonia X-ray detection. We also prove through experiments that the detection performance of DenseCapsNet is not affected fundamentally by a lack of data augmentation and pre-training.
Coronavirus Pandemic Anxiety Scale (CPAS-11): Development and Initial Validation
Authors: Bernardo Allan B. I. , Mendoza Norman B. , Simon Patricia D. , Cunanan Angela Lorraine P. , Dizon John Ian Wilzon T. , Tarroja Maria Caridad H. , Balajadia-Alcala Ma. Araceli , Saplala Jesus Enrique G. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The mental health impact of the COVID-19 pandemic will increase as the outbreak continues and persist even after the pandemic passes. We developed a 11-item Coronavirus Pandemic Anxiety Scale (CPAS-11) to measure symptoms of anxiety related to the COVID-19 pandemic to help identify individuals who might need mental health services. In developing the scale items, we considered previous research and theory on anxiety symptoms and symptoms reported by clinically referred cases in the Philippines. The scale was validated in a Filipino sample (N=925). Exploratory factor analysis indicated two factors corresponding to somatic and non-somatic symptoms; confirmatory factor analysis showed good fit for the two-factor model. CPAS-11 showed good internal consistency, convergent and divergent validity, and screening accuracy. A cutoff score of 15 showed adequate sensitivity and specificity to distinguish GAD-7 screened participants. The results support the viability of CPAS-11 as a screening tool to identify individuals experiencing COVID-19-related anxiety.
LRP4 LDLα Repeats of Astrocyte Enhances Dendrite Arborization of the Neuron
Authors: Yan Min , Guo Amin , Chen Peng , Jing Hongyang , Ren Dongyan , Zhong Yanzi , Wu Yongqiang , Fei Erkang , Lai Xinsheng , Zou Suqi , Wang Shunqi 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 4 (LRP4) is essential for inducing the neuromuscular junction formation in muscle fibers, and LRP4 plays a role of dendritic development and synaptogenesis in the central nervous system (CNS). As a member of the low-density lipoprotein receptor family, LRP4 contains an enormously large extracellular region possessing multiple LDLα repeats in the N-terminal. LRP4 only with extracellular domain acts as a similar mechanism of full-length LRP4 in muscles to stimulate acetylcholine receptor clustering. In this study, we elucidated that LDLα repeats of LRP4 maintained the body weight and survival rate. Dendritic branches of the neurons in Lrp4-null mice with LRP4 LDLα repeats residue were more than in Lrp4-null mice without residual LRP4 domain. Supplement with conditioned medium from LRP4 LDLα over expression cells, primary culture neurons achieved strong dendritic arborization ability. In addition, astrocytes with LRP4 LDLα repeats residue could promoted the dendrite arborization of neurons in primary co-cultured system. These observations signify that LRP4 LDLα repeats play an underlying prominent role in dendrite arborization.