bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La financiarisation par le bas
Authors: Pohn-Weidinger Axel 
Published: November 2019

Comment analyser un cahier de comptes ? L’article explore l’usage des archives personnelles dans l’enquête sur la place de la financiarisation des pratiques économiques ordinaires, à partir d’une étude de cas portant sur le cahier de comptes d’une famille surendettée. Il fournit des appuis méthodologiques pour le déchiffrement d’un cahier de comptes et montre que de tels matériaux peuvent éclairer le quotidien économique des familles sous un nouveau jour, notamment en ce qui concerne la temporalité des trajectoires d’endettement ainsi que les effets de la financiarisation sur le plan microsociologique de la gestion budgétaire des ménages.
Coproduire la régulation environnementale, reproduire l’accumulation financiarisée
Authors: Guironnet Antoine , Halbert Ludovic , Maisetti Nicolas 
Published: November 2019

L’article analyse le « travail » de financiarisation portant sur les régulations du secteur de l’immobilier non résidentiel, où des acteurs mobilisant des capitaux, représentations et techniques de la finance de marché ont étendu leur présence depuis les années 1990. À partir d’une enquête sur la fabrique d’une politique environnementale de réduction de la consommation énergétique des bâtiments, nous montrons comment ces gestionnaires d’actifs et experts immobiliers coproduisent ces régulations avec l’appareil politico-administratif. Depuis des positions dominantes au sein des concertations, ces acteurs de l’immobilier financiarisé ont ainsi cherché à rendre les règles compatibles avec leurs pratiques d’accumulation. Malgré la mobilisation d’autres propriétaires qui ont porté des positions dissonantes, et à l’issue d’un rapport de pouvoir, ils sont parvenus à diffuser leurs données, représentations et techniques financiarisées auprès de l’appareil politico-administratif.
Le gouvernement des projets
Authors: Coutant Hadrien , Foureault Fabien 
Published: November 2019

L’organisation par projets, qui a été pensée contre le modèle bureaucratique, est devenue un des modes d’organisation les plus légitimes dans les entreprises. En dégageant de manière inductive le mécanisme de régulation qui explique la trajectoire de deux projets aéronautiques, nous montrons que le projet constitue un mode de gouvernement économique du travail professionnel. Dans une visée de rentabilité, la hiérarchie gouverne le projet en ajustant sa tension – ressources engagées par rapport aux risques perçus – lors de crises dans le développement des systèmes sociotechniques. Ces interventions hiérarchiques portent tant sur le niveau de ressources du projet que sur l’insularisation vis-à-vis de son environnement. Notre hypothèse est que l’organisation par projets a été intégrée à l’ordre hiérarchique qui caractérise les grandes entreprises bureaucratiques.
Comment choisir un système de transport collectif en site propre (TCSP) de surface ?
Authors: Maupu Jean-Louis 
Published: November 2019

Pour garantir son accessibilité durable, le territoire urbain doit s’organiser autour d’un réseau maillé de TC prioritaire, propre et peu gaspilleur. Le tracé de ce réseau devient alors l’acte le plus déterminant pour ses efficacité et attractivité. Il doit desservir l’essentiel sans trop de ruptures de charges ou de sinuosités et permettre au système choisi de produire les vitesse commerciale, capacité et confort attendus. Et le système choisi doit faciliter la création du réseau, sans trop de compromis techniques. Le roulement ferroviaire apporte des rigidités plutôt difficiles à vivre en site urbain, mais il cache un guidage mécanique qui, en garantissant une trajectoire précise à « tous » les essieux, offre à la fois une grande capacité, un bon confort et une emprise facile d’insertion, surtout avec un petit gabarit. Il est tentant d’allier les riches fonctions du guidage ferré aux qualités du pneu : souplesse et bonne adhérence, mais il faut savoir résister à la tentation de la « bimodalité » qui en compromet les intérêts. Résister aussi aux modes qui pénalisent la mécanique, comme la continuité de circulation en plancher bas ou les excès de style. Les choix doivent avant tout répondre aux besoins sages de mobilité et aux vraies contraintes d’insertion, en évitant de trop s’éloigner des solutions cohérentes.
De l’urbanisme ferroviaire industriel à l’urbanisme autoroutier international
Authors: Dessouroux Christian 
Published: November 2019

La navette de travail est une constante de l’agglomération bruxelloise depuis la révolution industrielle. Largement structurés par le réseau ferroviaire, les flux s’appuient sur un grand nombre de foyers émetteurs périphériques. Au milieu du XX e siècle, le basculement vers l’automobile a accentué le phénomène des navettes en favorisant de fait l’exurbanisation des habitants du centre ville. L’émergence d’un réseau express régional va probablement consolider cette pratique massive en créant davantage de capacité.
Habiter près d’une gare, oui, mais où mènent les trains ? L’accessibilité ferroviaire à partir de Brétigny-sur-Orge, de 1968 à … 2025
Authors: Drevelle Matthieu , Miclot Valentin , Morlot Maxime , Persyn Nicolas , Petibon Laura , Vivero-Vera Vanessa 
Published: November 2019

Cet article est issu d’une étude réalisée par des étudiants du magistère Aménagement et Urbanisme de l’Université Paris I Panthéon-Sorbonne, encadrés par Juliette Maulat et Francis Beaucire, dans le cadre d’un atelier de professionnalisation. Celui-ci résulte d’une demande du Centre Scientifique et Technique du Bâtiment, au sein duquel Lydie Laigle souhaitait lancer une réflexion sur l’articulation urbanisme-transport pour « explorer les opportunités et les difficultés pour densifier les zones urbaines et les mailler via des réseaux de transports adaptés. »
Le stationnement à Bâle
Authors: Groff Alain 
Published: November 2019

À Bâle, aucune réglementation n’impose la construction d’un parking sur terrain privé, tandis que le stationnement sur voie publique est partout réglementé. La grande majorité des places se trouve en zone bleue, où les véhicules résidents munis d’un permis stationnent sans limite. Le gouvernement a décidé une hausse des prix importante début 2019. Une bonne partie des recettes alimente le Pendlerfonds , soit littéralement le « fonds pendulaire », un instrument de cofinancement très particulier. En fin de compte, une ville dense ne peut que soutenir les alternatives à la voiture privée, moins encombrantes et plus efficaces.
Ultra-wide–Field Fundus Autofluorescence for the Detection of Inherited Retinal Disease in Difficult-to-Examine Children
Authors: Khurram Butt Darakhshanda , Gurbaxani Avinash , Kozak Igor 
Published: November 2019

Purpose:
To assess the sensitivity of ultra-wide–field fundus autofluorescence (UWF-FAF) in comparison to fundus photography and clinical examination in diagnosing inherited retinal diseases in difficult-to-examine children.

Methods:
In this single-center, non-invasive observational study, children with suspected inherited retinal disease were examined clinically and then underwent UWF imaging (color fundus imaging and fundus autofluorescence) using the Optos Tx-200 imaging system (Optos, Dunfermline, United Kingdom). Patient ages ranged from 1 to 13 years (mean: 5.6 years).

Results:
The study included 112 eyes of 59 patients. Image acquisition was successful even in small children. UWF-FAF was the most sensitive in detecting the disease (94.9%), followed by UWF-CF (67.7%) and clinical examination (49.1%).

Conclusions:
UWF-FAF is superior to fundus photography and clinical examination in detecting pathology in children with suspected inherited retinal diseases. It is a feasible, non-invasive, and quick tool that provides important clinical information in treating these patients.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2019;56(6):383–387.]
Fundamentals of data assimilation applied to biogeochemistry
Authors: Rayner Peter J. , Michalak Anna M. , Chevallier Frédéric 
Published: November 2019

Abstract. This article lays out the fundamentals of data assimilation as used in
biogeochemistry. It demonstrates that all of the methods in widespread
use within the field are special cases of the underlying Bayesian
formalism. Methods differ in the assumptions they make and information
they provide on the probability distributions used in Bayesian
calculations. It thus provides a basis for comparison and choice among
these methods. It also provides a standardised notation for the
various quantities used in the field.
Sea level variability in the Swedish Exclusive Economic Zone and adjacent seawaters: influence on a point absorbing wave energy converter
Authors: Castellucci Valeria , Strömstedt Erland 
Published: November 2019

Abstract. Low-frequency sea level variability can be a critical
factor for several wave energy converter (WEC) systems, for instance, linear
systems with a limited stroke length. Consequently, when investigating
suitable areas for deployment of those WEC systems, sea level variability
should be taken into account. In order to facilitate wave energy developers
finding the most suitable areas for wave energy park installations, this
paper describes a study that gives them additional information by exploring
the annual and monthly variability of the sea level in the Baltic Sea and
adjacent seawaters, with a focus on the Swedish Exclusive Economic Zone. Overall,
10 years of reanalysis data from the Copernicus project have been used to
conduct this investigation. The results are presented by means of maps
showing the maximum range and the standard deviation of the sea level with a
horizontal spatial resolution of about 1 km. A case study illustrates how
the results can be used by the WEC developers to limit the energy absorption
loss of their devices due to sea level variation. Depending on the WEC
technology one wants to examine, the results lead to different conclusions.
For the Uppsala point absorber L12 and the sea state considered in the case
study, the most suitable sites where to deploy WEC parks from a sea level
variation viewpoint are found in the Gotland basins and in the Bothnian Sea,
where the energy loss due to sea level variations is negligible.
Awareness, Perception to Immunisation Reminders and Recall among Caregivers of Infants in Abakaliki, Southeast Nigeria
Authors: Eze N. C. , Azuogu B. N. , Nwonwu E. U. , Agu A. P. 
Published: November 2019

Background: Effective vaccination communication with parents is critical in efforts to overcome barriers to childhood vaccination, tackle vaccine hesitancy and improve vaccination coverage. Health workers should be able to provide information to caregivers and support them in decision making about vaccinating their children. Limited information exists regarding the awareness, perceptions to childhood immunisation reminders and recall system in Abakaliki. This study, therefore, assessed the awareness, perceptions of caregivers to childhood immunisation reminders and recall system in improving immunisation coverage in Abakaliki.
Materials and Methods: A descriptive analytical study design comparing two large health facilities (Mile-Four and St.Vincent Hospitals in Ebonyi and Izzi Local Government Areas respectively) in Ebonyi State was used for the survey. The study duration was three months. Sample size was determined using the formula for comparing two proportions. Data were collected using semi-structured interviewer administered questionnaire from 145 caregiver-child pair from each group. Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 22 was used for analysis. Ethical approval was obtained from the Research and Ethics Committee (REC) of the Federal Teaching Hospital Abakaliki (FETHA), Nigeria.
Results: The mean age of respondents in Mile-Four and St.Vincent hospitals were 26.6 ±4.9 years and 27.1±4.2 years respectively. Higher proportion of caregivers in Mile-Four group (18.6%) than in St.Vincent group (14.5%) had ever heard of immunisation reminders and recalls prior to this study. Similarly, only 8.3% of caregivers in Mile-Four and 4.8% in St.Vincent had ever been reminded and/or recalled on the course of their children’s immunisation uptake. A comparable proportion of respondents in Mile-Four (93.1%) and St.Vincent (94.5%) perceived reminders and recalls very important. There was a significant relationship between respondent's marital and educational status and positive perception about immunisation reminders and recalls in Mile-Four and respondent’s age and marital status and positive perception about immunisation reminders and recalls in St.Vincent (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Respondents’ awareness was low but positive perception to reminders and recall was found. It is pertinent for health policy makers and programme managers to understand these factors when implementing immunisation communication system.
Prevalence and Predictors of Perceived Stress: A Study among Medical Students of Ebonyi State University Abakaliki, Nigeria
Authors: Ossai Edmund Ndudi , Alo Alo Tobechukwu , Onwe Basil Chukwubuikem , Okoro Divinewill Onyinyechi , Ezeagu Ngozi Eucharia , Ogbonnaya Lawrence Ulu 
Published: November 2019

Aims: To determine the prevalence and predictors of perceived stress among medical students of Ebonyi State University Abakaliki, Nigeria.
Study Design: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Ebonyi State University Abakaliki, Nigeria between February and March 2018.
Methodology: All medical students of Ebonyi State University Abakaliki who have spent at least one full academic session in the university were included in the study. Information was obtained using a validated questionnaire which was self-administered. The Cohen Perceived Stress Scale, (PSS-10) was used to determine the prevalence of stress. Chi square test of statistical significance and multivariate analysis using binary logistic regression were used in the analysis and the level of statistical significance was determined by a p value of <0.05.
Results: A total of 385 medical students participated in the study representing a response rate of 83.7%. The mean age of respondents was 23.2±3.4 years and majority, 64.2% were males. The mean perceived stress scale score was 19.8±5.9. The prevalence of high stress among the students was 51.9%. The fifth level class had the highest proportion of students who were stressed, (58.2%). Predictors of perceived high stress among the students included being a male student, (AOR= 0.6, 95% CI: 0.4- 0.9), being satisfied with medical training, (AOR= 0.6, 95% CI: 0.3- 0.8) and willingness to study Medicine again, (AOR= 0.5, 95% CI: 0.3- 0.8).
Conclusion: The prevalence of high stress among the students was high. There is the need to appropriately manage stress in the medical school especially among the female students. Also, ensuring the satisfaction of medical students with their training though subjective will be of immense benefit. The inner resolve of the students to become medical doctors may be the most important factor in the pursuit of their career.
Epidemiological and Clinical Profiles of Children Aged 0-71 Months Suffering from Acute Diarrhea at Kalembe-lembe Pediatric Hospital in Kinshasa City, Democratic Republic of the Congo
Authors: Mbadiko Clément M. , Bongo Gédéon N. , Mbuyi Gracia K. , Kemfine Landry L. , Claudine Tshiama R. , Nsutier Oscar K. , Kanika Jacques M. , Ngando Teddy B. , Bomoi Jacques M. , Bamvingana Cyprien K. , Mutambel’Hity S. N. 
Published: November 2019

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the epidemiological, clinical and etiological profile of children aged 0-71 months suffering from acute diarrhea, admitted at the Kalembe-lembe Pediatric Hospital in 2015.
Study Design: This study used a retrospective design whereby medical records of children aged 0-71 months were used.
Place and Duration of Study: This survey was carried out at the Kalembe-lembe Pediatric Hospital in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo between January 1 and December 31, 2015.
Methodology: This study used a questionnaire to collect information whereby 337 cases of acute diarrhea diagnosed at the Kalembe-lembe Pediatric Hospital were recorded, of which 324 cases were selected. The information was collected on a case-by-case basis by consulting the patient records. Data collected were analyzed using Microsoft Excel 10 while the association measures between different qualitative variables were evaluated using Chi-square test and the p-value was 0.05.
Results: A predominance of cases (60.49%) was observed in children under 12 months and potentially in males (55.24%) while the majority of deaths was recorded in this same age group. The mean age of admitted children was 12.4 months and vomiting was the most reported symptom associated with diarrhea (75.61%), followed by hyperthermia (70.37%). Most of children emitted liquid stools (65.12%) and the average number of stools issued per day was 6 times with extremes ranging from 3-45 stools/day. However, we recorded high levels of identified etiologic agents in children with diarrhea compared to those reported in other countries. The identification of etiologic agents of diarrhea was performed only in 56.48% of cases. Rotaviruses, bacteria and parasites were found in 48.08%, 32.78% and 26.77% respectively.
Conclusion: Further studies are needed to study the antibiotic resistance of these pathogens causing acute diarrhea and identify using molecular techniques new strains of bacteria precisely responsible for acute diarrhea and assess their epidemiological and clinical influence.
Extreme Value Distributions on Closing Quotations and Returns of Islamabad Stock Exchange
Authors: Anas Muhammad , Jamal Nasir , Hanif Muhammad , Shahzad Usman 
Published: November 2019

This study is an experimental test done on the secondary data of banking sector of Islamabad Stock Exchange for year 2017 and applied different techniques on the given data record by using Generalized Extreme Value Distribution (GEV), Gumble Distribution (GBL), Generalized Pareto Distribution (GPD), Exponential Distribution (EXP), Gamma Distribution (GAM), Weibull Distribution (WBL) on the data of four banks Habib Bank, Allied Bank, Bank Alfalah and Askari Bank. This data is concerning the closing quotations and returns of four banks registered in Islamabad Stock Exchange. We try to fit different distributions on the data and founnd the best fit distribution.
We estimated the parameters of each distribution and also find the standard deviations of each distribution by using R Language and find which distribution is the best fit distribution on the basis of standard deviation distribution. We analyzed that shape wise GEV is the most suitable distribution, scale wise EXP distribution the best and location wise the best one is Gumbal distribution. This article shows that the overall GEV is the best distribution to model correctly the data.
Distribution of Some Antibiotics Resistance Genes in Multi-drug Resistant E. coli Isolates from the Urogenitals of Women in Port Harcourt, Nigeria
Authors: Kpalap Josephine Anem , Nwokah Easter Godwin , Alo Moses Nnaemeka 
Published: November 2019

Aim: The problem of antibiotics resistance has assumed a global emergency status. Whereas Multidrug Resistant (MDR) E. coli infection is common among human population in Port Harcourt metropolis of Nigeria, the genetic background of E. coli isolates in our locality is not well elucidated, hence this study.
Study Design: This was a randomized study of women, with indications of Urogenital infections, attending Braithwaite Memorial Specialist Hospital (BMSH) Port Harcourt, Nigeria between July and December, 2017.
Methodology: Ninety-Seven (97) samples comprising of urine, high vaginal swabs, end ocervical swabs were collected from patients to assess for the presence of some antibiotic resistance genes in multi-drug resistant E. coli. Samples were processed following standard microbiological protocols. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed on all E. coli isolates. Following this, all Multiple Drug Resistant E. coli were subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method for the detection of some antibiotic resistance-encoding genes- SHV, CTX-M, TEM.
Results: Seventy-three (73) isolates, including 36 E. coli, were recovered from all the clinical specimens. Twenty-four (24) E. coli isolates were found to be multi-drug resistant. Sulphydryl Variable (SHV) was the most frequent resistant gene and was detected in 15 isolates. This was followed by Cefotaximase (CTX-M) in 10 isolates and Temoniera (TEM) in 5 isolates. Some isolates haboured more than one resistance gene. About 20% of the isolates haboured SHV/CTX-M; 2.5% haboured CTX-M/TEM, while no target was detected in one isolate.
Conclusion: This present study revealed that most E. coli isolates from the urogenitals of women within our locality, possess the ESBL genes which confers on them the Multidrug resistant status and this is a major challenge to maternal health.
Automated planning of whole breast irradiation using hybrid IMRT improves efficiency and quality
Authors: Guo Bingqi , Shah Chirag , Xia Ping 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPurposeTo develop an automated workflow for whole breast irradiation treatment planning using hybrid intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) approach and to demonstrate that this workflow can improve planning quality and efficiency when compared to manual planning.MethodsThe auto planning framework was built based on scripting with MIM and Pinnacle systems. MIM workflows were developed to automatically segment normal structures and targets, identify landmarks for beam placement, select beam energies, and set beam configurations. Pinnacle scripts were generated from the MIM workflow to create hybrid IMRT plans automatically. Each hybrid IMRT plan included two prescriptions: a three‐dimensional (3D) prescription consisted of two open tangent beams, and an IMRT prescription consisted of two step‐and‐shoot IMRT beams. The 3D prescription delivered a full prescription dose to the maximum dose point, and the IMRT prescription was optimized to deliver a uniform dose to the entire breast while sparing dose to the normal structures. For 30 patients, the auto plans were compared with clinically accepted manual plans using the paired sample t‐test.ResultsThe auto planning process took approximately 8 min to complete. The mean dice coefficients between auto‐segmentation and manual contours were 0.98, 0.94 and 0.88 for the lungs, heart, and PTVeval_Breast, respectively. The MUs of the auto plans was on average 13% higher than that of the manual plans. Auto planning improved plan quality significantly: percentage volume receiving 95% of the prescription dose (V95%) of the PTVeval_Breast increased from 91.5% to 93.2% (P = 0.001), V105% of the PTVeval_Breast decreased from 7.2% to 1.2% (P = 0.013), V20Gy of the ipsilateral lung decreased from 13.1% to 10.4% (P = 0.001) and mean heart dose for left‐sided breast patients decreased from 1.2 Gy to 0.9 Gy (P < 0.001).ConclusionAn automated treatment planning process can make the planning process efficient with improved plan quality.