bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of hepatitis E seropositivity and altered progesterone levels in pregnant women of low socioeconomic status from capital region of Pakistan
Authors: Nida ul Fatima  , Rabia Anwar  , Tahir Ahmed Baig  , Khalid Mehmood  , Saadia Andleeb  
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Objectives: To investigate the seroprevalence of hepatitis E virus infection, risk factors and its association with progesterone levels in pregnant women from low socioeconomic background.
Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted in Rawalpindi and Islamabad, Pakistan, from January to July 2012, and comprised pregnant asymptomatic healthy females from different clinics and hospitals of the twin cities. Data was collected using a predesigned demographic questionnaire to determine socioeconomic status. Prevalence of anti-hepatitis E virus antibodies and progesterone levels were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits.
Results: Of the 90 women, 35(39%) were in the 21-25 year age group, and 55(61%) belonged to low socioeconomic background. The overall prevalence of seropositive hepatitis E virus immunoglobulin-G was 54(60%) and immunoglobulin-M was 12(13.3%). In the first trimester, the levels of progesterone were higher in patients positive for immunoglobulin-M compared to immunoglobulin-G (p<0.001).
Conclusions: Low socioeconomic status appeared to be a potential risk factor associated with high hepatitis E virus seroprevalence and alterations in the normal progesterone levels during pregnancy.
Key Words: Hepatitis E virus, HEV, Progesterone, Seroprevalence, Pakistan.
To evaluate the effects of antidepressant drugs on pregnancy outcomes in a university hospital in Turkey
Authors: Tugba Cavusoglu  , Omer Can Atak  , Erhan Eser  , Ertan Dariverenli  , Pelin Akca  , Ercument Olmez  
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Objective: To assess the effects of antidepressant use on pregnancy outcomes.
Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Pharmacology, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey, and comprised pregnant women who were admitted to the Department of Gynaecology between 2008 and 2017 who had been prescribed antidepressant drugs before pregnancy and continued to use them during any week of their respective pregnancies. The women were contacted by telephone after delivery to obtain information about the pregnancy outcomes. Data was analysed using SPSS 23.
Results: There were 183 women with a mean age of 31.3 ± 5.3 years (range: 18-44 years). There were congenital defects in the newborn in 11(7.65%) cases. The most commonly used antidepressant group was selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor 138(75.4%), and escitalopram was the most frequently used drug 46(25.1%). Spontaneous abortion rate was higher with escitalopram than the other antidepressants (p=0.062). Induced abortion rate was significantly higher in multidrug users compared to those on a single drug (p<0.05).
Conclusion: selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor was found to be the most used class of antidepressants during pregnancy due to the low side effects and teratogenic effects. When antidepressant treatment is necessary during pregnancy, a single drug can be more suitable.
Key Words: Antidepressant, Pregnancy, Spontaneous abortion, Teratogenic effect.
Covid-19, una mirada desde la pediatría
Authors: Grandy Giuseppe , G. Terán Carlos , Martínez Alejandro , Volz Anna 
Published: October 2020

El COVID-19 fue predominantemente más prevalente entre adultos mayores de 15 años en las primeras etapas del brote y la proporción de casos confirmados entre niños fue relativamente menor. Sin embargo, debido a la creciente propagación mundial del SARS-CoV-2, tenemos nuevos desafíos para la prevención y el control de la epidemia de COVID-19 entre los niños. Ya que en los más pequeños no se pueden emplear medidas de prevención (barbijos), la clínica inespecífica que presentan, las dificultades para el diagnóstico, la deficiente comunicación entre médico-paciente y familiar que han contribuido al desafío de desarrollar medidas para proteger a esta población, al igual que al personal de salud que manejan casos pediátricos. Al mismo tiempo, los niños con comorbilidades, s on vulnerables a la infección por SARS-CoV-2. La presente revisión intenta mostrar esta enfermedad desde el punto de vista pediátrico, para orientar en su diagnóstico y manejo.
Youth Unemployment and Localized Impact: A Career Studies Teacher's Story
Authors: Godden Lorraine 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The global economic downturn and high youth unemployment have created a challenging context for Ontario secondary-school teachers to meet the compulsory half-credit career studies course objectives intended to support school-to-work (STW) transition. Bronfenbrener’s (1979) ecological systems theory provided a clear framework to examine influences and knowledge one teacher used to support the teaching of career studies. The data showed that the teacher knew her local economy had been affected by the global economic downturn, and she described local business closures and the potential impact upon employment opportunities. The teacher understood the impact upon her students and explained the importance of students understanding these connections. The open level of the career studies course necessitated the meeting of diverse student needs, including students with disabilities, widely ranging academic levels, and those at risk. This study aids our understanding of how the GLC20 teacher might contribute to successful STW transition for all students in times of global high youth unemployment.
Educating the English: the role of universities in tackling hate speech and Islamaphobia in post-EU-Referendum Britain
Authors: Evenden-Kenyon Elizabeth 
Published: October 2020

Este artículo examinará el rol de las universidades británicas al educar tanto a sus estudiantes como a las comunidades que las rodean sobre el “otro”, usando el multiculturalismo y el Movimiento por la Libertad para combatir la ignorancia hacia “el otro”. Desde que tuvo lugar el referéndum del Brexit en junio de 2016, se han incrementado considerablemente el discurso y los delitos basados en el odio hacia el “otro” en el Reino Unido, tanto a nivel verbal como a través de los medios de comunicación social, por no hablar de las agresiones de carácter físico hacia inmigrantes y minorías étnicas. Los estudios más recientes sobre este fenómeno social indican que este incremento ha sido claramente avivado por las imágenes y el lenguaje exhibidos en los medios de comunicación británicos.
Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este artículo es considerar el impacto de los medios de comunicación en la conceptualización del “otro” y explorar qué están haciendo las universidades británicas para enfrentar esta retórica y acciones. Consideraremos prácticas y políticas actuales y las posibles alternativas que las universidades pueden adoptar, así como las políticas que el gobierno podría implantar para contrarrestar tanto la xenofobia en general como la islamofobia en particular a nivel nacional.
Something That Used to Be Objectivism: Barbara Branden’s Psycho-Epistemology
Authors: Campbell Robert L. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Think as If Your Life Depends on It puts Barbara Branden’s lectures on the Principles of Efficient Thinking in print at last, along with three later lectures. In Roger Bissell’s excellent transcription, the ten lectures introduce readers to psycho-epistemology (the psychology of methods of thinking), the difference between directed and undirected thinking, the role of the subconscious in problem-solving, common faults in thinking, and motivational issues that interfere with thinking. Her contributions were effectively erased from Objectivism after the Nathaniel Branden Institute closed; the original lectures were the most significant part of the Objectivist corpus that remained to be recovered.
Peterson, Rand, and Antifragile Individualism
Authors: Åm Onar 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
A thorough academic discussion of Jordan Peterson’s work has been conspicuously absent—until now. Despite being addressed to an academic audience, Myth, Meaning, and Antifragile Individualism, by Marc Champagne, is written in a well-crafted, straightforward style accessible to the informed layperson. The book’s first part offers an invaluable introduction to Peterson’s work within an academic framework. The second part offers critiques of Peterson’s work, some of which are prudent and others of which are weaker. The book is an essential contribution to anyone who wants to better understand Peterson’s ideas and scrutinize them in a rational context.
Psychiatry, power and the person
Authors: Brown Juliette 
Published: October 2020

Psychiatry treats human problems expressed through bodily symptoms and aims to be person-centred, but is often not experienced as such. Experience of mental healthcare care can be profoundly traumatising. The aim of this article is to explore some of the barriers to person-centred care in psychiatry, and to explore ways of integrating the knowledge held by patients with that held by psychiatrists. Barriers include a lack of acknowledgement of the centrality of trauma experiences in the development of mental illness. Other factors include the effects of exposure to psychological trauma as a doctor, being unconsciously motivated by one’s own early life experiences, and internalising the stigma around mental ill-health in patients and in clinicians, as a clinician. The discipline suffers from limitations on the knowledge base. Phenomenological accounts and lived experience research must have higher priority in psychiatric education in order for the discipline to gain both scientifically and ethically. One of the aims of this article is to explore philosophical ideas around reconciliation of apparently opposing narratives and explanatory models in psychiatry, ideas which have the potential to shift power relations and enable renewed focus on what is most meaningful to patients. There is an argument for subjecting psychiatry to ongoing critique of purpose as well as method. In conclusion the form of psychiatry most likely to deliver person-centredness is one that can attend to its own prejudice, its unconscious, its values and those of its subject.
Personhood and Disorders of Consciousness: Finding Room in Person-Centered Healthcare
Authors: Andrade Bianca , Azevedo Marco Antonio 
Published: October 2020

Advocates of the Person-Centered Healthcare (PCH) approach say that PCH is a response to a failure of caring for patients as persons. Nevertheless, there are many human subjects falling to fulfill the requirements of a traditional philosophical definition of personhood. Hence, if we take, PCH seriously, a greater clarification of the key terminology of PCH is urgently needed. It seems necessary, for instance, that the concept of the person should be extended in order to include those individuals with insipient or immature levels of consciousness, as well as those who are severely and permanently mentally handicapped. In this article, we will depart from some well-known philosophical concepts of what it means to be a person and try to offer a broader and more inclusive meaning. We suggest that persons are human beings with a socially recognized biography, which implies to recognize as persons individuals with necessities, but also with narratives about their interests and claims, expressed sometimes by other people related to them. This is particularly the case of individuals that suffer from severe disorders of consciousness. For those, is not only care that matters; respect matters too. Caregivers should therefore not only sympathetically care for the well-being of these people; they should also be concerned to respect their interests and claims by interpreting them empathetically, in the light of their biographical story. Our conclusion is that, in order to be coherent, PCH must consider individuals with severe disorders of consciousness as persons and we think that our revised concept of personhood fits with this requirement.
Quantitative Impact of the 2018 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)/College of American Pathologists (CAP) Practice Guideline Update on Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 Testing in Breast Cancer: A Systematic Analysis
Authors: Wei Christina H. , Garcia Lino , Murata-Collins Joyce , Schmolze Daniel , Apple Sophia 
Published: October 2020

Context.—
The global impact of the new 2018 American Society of Clinical Oncology/College of American Pathologists human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) practice guideline update on the overall HER2 status designation, compared with the prior 2013 iteration, is unknown.

Objectives.—
To report the quantitative impact of the new guideline on HER2 status distribution.

Design.—
The analysis comprised a retrospective cohort of patients from the authors' institution, combined with other peer-reviewed publications that assessed the impact of the 2018 guideline in relation to the 2013 guideline.

Results.—
Our study revealed that the new guideline led to an average 9% reclassification rate for the overall HER2 status, with a net gain in overall HER2 negative designation. This is largely due to reclassification of the equivocal (Group 4) groups. Unexpectedly, infrequent but consistent discordance between Group 1/5 and fluorescence in situ hybridization results are observed across studies (1.8%; 73 of 3965 cases where fluorescence in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry are both reported).

Conclusions.—
Early clinical recognition of these resultant changes, including emerging issues of tumor heterogeneity, and potential discordance between immunohistochemistry to fluorescence in situ hybridization, is important for accurate clinical assessment of individual HER2 test results.
Le programme Namaste, une psychothérapie de groupe basée sur le yoga pour les jeunes ayant un vécu de trauma complexe: une série d’étude de cas
Authors: Bruneau-Bherer Rosee , Tremblay Sara , Matte-Landry Alexandra , Pépin Camille , Collin-Vézina Delphine 
Published: October 2020

Introduction : Les enfants qui ont un vécu des traumas complexes sont à risque de développer de graves difficultés d’attachement, d’autorégulation et de comportement. Des études exploratoires démontrent que la pratique du yoga permet d’améliorer leur fonctionnement et diminuer leurs symptômes d’internalisation et d’externalisation. Objectifs : Le programme Namaste, une adaptation du manuel « Yoga-Based Psychotherapy » (Beltran et al. 2014) vise l’amélioration de l’autorégulation et de la santé mentale. Cette étude a pour objectif de documenter ses effets chez les enfants qui ont vécu des traumas complexes. Méthode : Douze séances ont été animées auprès d’enfants âgés de 6 à 13 ans suivis par un centre de protection de l’enfance. Les séances combinaient des postures de yoga, des exercices de respiration, et d’autres activités favorisant l’autorégulation et la socialisation. Le fonctionnement et les symptômes des enfants ont été mesurés avec le questionnaire BASC-3 avant et après l’intervention. Deux études de cas détaillées décrivent les impacts potentiels de cette intervention. Résultats : Les deux études de cas démontrent des impacts positifs sur les symptômes d’internalisation et d’externalisation ainsi que l’autorégulation, mais aucun effet sur l’estime de soi et les compétences sociales. Implications : Le programme Namaste pourrait être une intervention prometteuse pour améliorer le fonctionnement et réduire les symptômes psychologiques chez cette population. L’intégration des principes du yoga sensible aux traumas, la modalité de groupe et l’accent mis sur l’autorégulation semblent des éléments-clés. D’autres études de plus grande envergure sont nécessaires pour confirmer les impacts positifs potentiels de cette intervention.
Influences of heel height on human postural stability and functional mobility between inexperienced and experienced high heel shoe wearers
Authors: Chen Yiyang , Li Jing Xian , Wang Lin 
Published: October 2020

Background
High heel shoes (HHS) can affect human postural control because elevated heel height (HH) may result in plantar flexed foot and limit ankle joint range of motion during walking. Effects of HH and HHS wearing experience on postural stability during self-initiated and externally triggered perturbations are less examined in the literature. Hence, the objective of the present study is to investigate the influences of HH on human postural stability during dynamic perturbations, perceived stability, and functional mobility between inexperienced and experienced HHS wearers.

Methods
A total of 41 female participants were recruited (21 inexperienced HHS wearers and 20 experienced HHS wearers). Sensory organization test (SOT), motor control test (MCT), and limits of stability (LOS) were conducted to measure participant’s postural stability by using computerized dynamic posturography. Functional reach test and timed up and go test were performed to measure functional mobility. The participants’ self-perceived stability was assessed by visual analog scale. Four pairs of shoes with different HH (i.e., 0.8, 3.9, 7.0, and 10.1 cm) were applied to participants randomly. Repeated measures analysis of variance was conducted to detect the effects of HH and HHS wearing experience on each variable.

Results
During self-initiated perturbations, equilibrium score remarkably decreased when wearing 10.1 cm compared with flat shoes and 3.9 cm HHS. The contribution of vision to postural stability was larger in 10.1 cm HHS than in flat shoes. The use of ankle strategy worsened when HH increased to 7 cm. Similarly, the directional control of the center of gravity (COG) decreased for 7 cm HHS in LOS. Experienced wearers showed significantly higher percentage of ankle strategy and COG directional control than novices. Under externally triggered perturbations, postural stability was substantially decreased when HH reached 3.9 cm in MCT. No significant difference was found in experienced wearers compared with novices in MCT. Experienced wearers exhibited considerably better functional mobility and perceived stability with increased HH.

Conclusions
The use of HHS may worsen dynamic postural control and functional mobility when HH increases to 3.9 cm. Although experienced HHS wearers exhibit higher proportion of ankle strategy and COG directional control, the experience may not influence overall human postural control. Sensory organization ability, ankle strategy and COG directional control might provide useful information in developing a safety system and prevent HHS wearers from falling.
Treatment with Bifidobacteria can suppress Aβ accumulation and neuroinflammation in APP/PS1 mice
Authors: Wu Qiong , Li Qifa , Zhang Xuan , Ntim Michael , Wu Xuefei , Li Ming , Wang Li , Zhao Jie , Li Shao 
Published: October 2020

Background
Alzheimer’s disease (AD), being a complex disorder, is affected either by genetic or environmental factors or both. It is observed that there is an excessive accumulation of amyloid β (Aβ) in the extracellular space of the brain. AD is the first neurodegenerative disease in the elderly, and so far there is no effective treatment. In recent years, many studies have reported that Alzheimer’s disease has a relationship with gut microflora, indicating that regulating gut microbiota could offer therapeutic intervention for AD. This study explored the effect Bifidobacteria has in averting AD.

Methods
WT and APP/PS1 mice were used for the experiments. The mice were randomly assigned to four groups: WT group, WT + Bi group, AD group (APP/PS1 mouse) and AD + Bi group (Bifidobacteria-treated APP/PS1 mouse). Treatment with Bifidobacteria lasted for 6 months and mice were prepared for immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, Thioflavin S staining, Western blotting, PCR and Elisa quantitative assay.

Results
The results show that after 6 months of treatment with Bifidobacteria signiis to be lesficantly reduces Aβ deposition in cortex and hippocampus of AD mice. The level of insoluble Aβ in the hippocampus and cortex of AD+Bi mice was decreased compared with AD mice. Meanwhile, a significant decrease in the level of soluble Aβ in the cortex of AD+Bi mice but not in the hippocampus was observed. The activation of microglia and the release of inflammatory factors were also determined in this study. From the results, Bifidobacteria inhibited microglial activation and reduced IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-4, IL-6 and INF-γ release. Altogether, these results implied that Bifidobacteria can alleviate the pathological changes of AD through various effects.
Event‐triggered mean square consensus of linear multiagent systems with measurement noises
Authors: Cong Meiyan , Mu Xiaowu , Hu Zenghui 
Published: October 2020

SummaryThis article investigates mean square consensus of linear multiagent systems with measurement noises based on event‐triggered control. Considering various uncertain factors in the communication environment, multiplicative noises exists in the information that each agent measures from its neighbors. In order to save limited resources and to exclude the Zeno phenomenon, the update of the controller for each agent is driven by properly defined event‐triggered condition. Sufficient conditions are given to ensure exponential mean square consensus of multiagent systems with multiplicative noises by utilizing static and dynamic event‐triggered scheme. The interevent times of static event‐triggered mechanism is less than those of corresponding dynamic case for each agent. Finally, validity of the theoretical results is illustrated through a simulation example.
An experimental application of extremum seeking control to cultures of the microalgae Scenedesmus obliquus in a continuous photobioreactor
Authors: Feudjio Letchindjio Christian G. , Dewasme Laurent , Vande Wouwer Alain 
Published: October 2020

SummaryThe cultivation of microalgae in photobioreactors (PBRs) is important in various sectors such as food, bioenergy, pigments, and cosmetics. Productivity optimization can be achieved without the need for a dynamic process model using model‐free extremum seeking control (ESC). This article explores the use of ESC to drive the productivity of a continuous PBR to optimal or suboptimal setpoints. The latter can be achieved by estimating on‐line the gradient of a measurable performance index using a recursive least squares estimator and by regulating this gradient to a specific value (zero corresponding to the optimum) using the dilution rate as a manipulated variable. Experimental results for the cultivation of the microalgae Scenedesmus obliquus in a lab‐scale flat‐panel PBR are discussed. They show the fast convergence of ESC and its robustness towards environmental perturbations, such as changes in the incident light intensity.