bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diffuse Alveolar Haemorrhage: A Single Centre Experience
Authors: Dhungana Ashesh , Shrestha Prajowl 
Published: January 2020

Introduction: Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage results from an accumulation of red blood cells into the alveolar space. Symptoms of alveolar hemorrhage are dyspnea, hemoptysis, anemia, diffuse pulmonary infiltrates and hypoxemic respiratory failure. Diagnosis is established by bronchoalveolar lavage and treatment includes a combination of high dose systemic corticosteroids, immunosuppressant and plasma exchange. The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical radiological profile and laboratory findings and utility of bronchoalveolar lavage in the diagnosis of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage.Materials and Methods: In a retrospective review between February 2017 and December 2017, medical records of patients with a diagnosis of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage presenting at the National Academy of Medical Sciences, Kathmandu, Nepal, were analyzed. Clinical, radiology and laboratory results along with bronchoalveolar lavage results were extracted. Treatment received and clinical responses were evaluated.Results: A total of five patients were diagnosed to have diffuse alveolar hemorrhage based on bronchoalveolar lavage analysis. Three had hemorrhage secondary to Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody associated vasculitis, one had Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and the other Idiopathic Pulmonary Hemosiderosis. Renal involvement was present in three patients. All patients received systemic corticosteroids, three received Cyclophosphamide and one Rituximab for remission induction. Plasma exchange was done in two patients with severe hypoxemia. Of the five patients, four improved whereas one died.Conclusions: Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage presents with non-specific symptoms. Bronchoalveolar lavage is extremely useful to establish the diagnosis and exclude infections. Early initiation of immunosuppressant prevents respiratory failure and death.
Comparison of Use of Misoprostol versus Manual Vacuum Aspiration in the Treatment of Incomplete Abortion
Authors: Khaniya Bishal , Yadav Rashmi 
Published: January 2020

Introduction: Early pregnancy failure is a major health problem throughout the world. Expulsion of some but not all products of conception before 20 weeks of pregnancy abortion is incomplete abortion. This study was to find about the safety, efficacy, and acceptability of misoprostol in comparison to manual vacuum aspiration for the treatment of incomplete abortion so the safe and convenient method can be used in diverse settings in different parts of our country.Materials and Methods: A prospective comparative interventional study carried out between October 2011 to March 2012 AD (Kartik 2068 to Chaitra 2068 BS) in Paropakar Maternity and Women’s Hospital, Thapathali. All eligible women with a diagnosis of incomplete abortion of < 13 weeks of gestation either from LMP or Ultrasound were divided into two groups. Group 1 includes all odd numbers of cases under study group to whom 600 mcg Misoprostol was given orally. Group 2 includes all even the number of cases under study group to whom manual vacuum aspiration was done.Results: Out of 60 women enrolled in the study, 30 were enrolled in Group 1(Misoprostol P.O.) and 30 in Group 2 (manual vacuum aspiration). The study showed no significant difference in the efficacy of the Misoprostol as compared to manual vacuum aspiration (93.33% vs. 100%).Conclusions: The efficacy of oral Misoprostol is as effective as manual vacuum aspiration in the treatment of first trimester incomplete abortion with comparable success rate.
Effect of Psidium guajava L on Biofi lm Forming Multidrug Resistant Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL) Producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Khadka Bhagawati , Mahato Moni , Tuladhar Reshma , Singh Anjana 
Published: January 2020

Objectives: In order to investigate the relative efficacy of Psidium guajava L (guava) leave, in vitro antibacterial effect of ethanolic extract and leaf tea of guava against pathogenic Pseudomonas aeruginosa was carried out.
Methods: This study was carried out at Microbiology laboratory of KIST medical college and teaching hospital, Lalitpur. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was isolated from different clinical samples. Antibiotic susceptibility of the isolates was performed by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Biofilm formation was detected by microtitre culture plate method and ESBL production by combine disk methods. Antimicrobial activity of guava leaf tea and ethanol extract of leaf were determined by agar well diffusion method.
Results: Ethanol extract of fresh guava leaves exhibited higher antibacterial activity than dry and fresh leaves tea, but significantly less than the standard antibiotics. In this study, 7% of the total bacterial isolates were P. aeruginosa with 65.30% of these isolates being MDR. Similary, significant number of these MDR strains ie. 83.67% of these P. aeruginosa isolates produced biofilm. While as 6.12% of the isolated were ESBL producer.
Conclusion: The leaves extract of guava have shown effective result against P. aeruginosa and could serve as good source of antibacterial agents. Guava leaves extract can be an economic alternative to antibiotics. However, active compound of this extract need to be purified and pharmacologically tested before its application.
Comparative Microbiological Assessment of Drinking Water Collected from Different Areas of Kathmandu Valley
Authors: Magar Aman Thapa , Khakurel Mamata , Pandey Shree Laxmi , Subedi Kalyan , Manandhar Umesh Kaji , Karanjit Swechhya , Paudyal Rabin 
Published: January 2020

Objectives: This study was aimed to evaluate different water samples in terms of Total bacterial load and Total Coliform Load in comparison with different parameters such as pH, type of samples, chlorination status, turbidity, temperature and collection areas.
Methods: Altogether 250 water samples were collected; 110(44%) were ground water samples, 60(24%) were public tap water samples and 80(32%) were bottled water samples. Total Coliform load was evaluated using Membrane Filtration Technique and Total Bacterial Load was evaluated using Aerobic Plate Count Technique. pH was measured using pH meter, turbidity was measured using nephelometer, temperature was measured using temperature probe and bottled water were considered chlorinated.
Results: Among these 250 samples, the highest mean bacterial load was seen in public tap water samples (137×103 cfu/ml) and least mean bacterial load was seen on bottled water sample (28×103). Similarly, highest mean coliform load was seen on ground water samples (81 cfu/ml) and least mean coliform load was seen on bottled water samples (6 cfu/ml).
Conclusion: This study has concluded that ground water samples contain large number of coliforms which suggest it might be fecally contaminated. Also the result had shown even bottled water contained coliforms. Therefore, it is recommended to treat ground water before using. Proper care must be taken during manufacture of bottled water.
Comparison of Led Fluorescent Microscopy and the Gene Xpert MTB/RIF Assay in Diagnosis of Pulmonary and Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis
Authors: Magar Sanam Thapa , Ghimire Gokarna , Shah Pradeep Kumar 
Published: January 2020

Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate Gene Xpert MTB/RIF Assay and anid fast staining (AFB) for rapid detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in specimen of patients suspected of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and extra pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB).
Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study of 400 samples (PTB-365 and EPTB-35) of patients visiting National Tuberculosis Centre (NTC) was conducted from July 2018 to December 2018. Gene Xpert MTB/ RIF Assay, smear microscopy were performed under standard guideline inside biosafety cabinet class II. The result obtained from both the tests were analyzed using SPSS 20.0 software and Excel 2019.
Results: Of the total samples, 18% (72/400) and 39% (156/400) were positive by AFB smear microscopy and Xpert MTB/RIF assay respectively. Prevalence of MTB positive was highest in the age group 35-44 years, 33 cases (17.74%) were detected in total, with a male to female ratio of 2.3:1. Pleural fluid, pus, and CSF fluid also yielded positive results with the Gene Xpert MTB/RIF assay accounting 1.28%, 0.64% and 1.28% of MTB positive case respectively. Rifampicin resistance was observed in 1.28% of the cases.
Conclusion: The key findings of this study suggest that Gene Xpert test should be implemented as primary diagnostic test for PTB and EPTB.
Smart Factory auf dem Vormarsch
Authors: Schlick Jochen 
Published: January 2020

Kurzfassung
Die Mehrheit der Unternehmen hat die Smart Factory als große Chance erkannt und setzt zunehmend Einzelprojekte um. Diese sind durch den Wunsch nach Transparenz getrieben und sollen der Effizienzsteigerung dienen. Insgesamt erscheint die deutsche Industrie dennoch als ein vorsichtiger Digitalisierungsakteur, der wirkliche technologische und wirtschaftliche Disruptionen erst in der Zukunft erwartet. Die Unternehmen sind also noch lange nicht am Ziel. Nach wie vor gibt es zu wenige echte Smart Enterprises.
Die digitale Wertstrommethode
Authors: Urnauer Christian , Metternich Joachim 
Published: January 2020

Kurzfassung
Die Wertstrommethode ist ein bewährtes Werkzeug zur Analyse und Gestaltung von Material- und Informationsflüssen in der Produktion, die im Umgang mit der Komplexität gegenwärtiger Produktionssysteme an ihre Grenzen stößt. Die zunehmende Verfügbarkeit von Daten bietet das Potenzial, den Analyseprozess digital zu unterstützen. Mithilfe von Process Mining können Prozesse, Prozessverbindungen und Performanceanalysen aus in den Produktion erfassten Zeitstempeln abgeleitet werden. Hierdurch wird die Wertstromanalyse um eine neue, datengestützte Perspektive erweitert.
Produktionssteuerung von komplexen Materialflüssen
Authors: Seitz Melissa , Mütze Alexander , Nyhuis Peter 
Published: January 2020

Kurzfassung
In nach dem Werkstattprinzip organisierten Produktionsbereichen bestehen zumeist komplexe Materialflussbeziehungen zwischen den einzelnen Arbeitssystemen. Aus PPS-Entscheidungen können daher neben den Auswirkungen auf die direkt adressierten Arbeitssysteme auch unerwartete Wechselwirkungseffekte bezogen auf den gesamten Produktionsbereich resultieren. Diese wirken sich auf die logistische Leistungsfähigkeit aus und sollten folglich bei der Gestaltung und Konfiguration der PPS berücksichtigt werden.
Reihenfolgeplanung für die Variantenfließfertigung
Authors: Schröter Moritz , Schuh Günther , Stich Volker 
Published: January 2020

Kurzfassung
Die Variantenfließfertigung ermöglicht die Herstellung konfigurierbarer Produkte bei kurzen Durchlaufzeiten und geringen Beständen. Im Vergleich zu anderen Organisationsformen der Produktion gestaltet sich die Produktionsplanung und -steuerung aufgrund der Variantenvielfalt als anspruchsvoll. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird der erste Schritt einer Methodik vorgestellt, welche für die Konfiguration der Reihenfolgeplanung entwickelt wurde.
Produktionsplanung und -steuerung im Kontext von Industrie 4.0
Authors: Bach Thies , Schuh Günther , Reschke Jan 
Published: January 2020

Kurzfassung
Industrie 4.0 bringt enorme Veränderungen und bietet große Verbesserungspotenziale für die Produktionsplanung und -steuerung. Aufbauend auf dem Aachener PPS-Modell wird in diesem Beitrag in Anlehnung an den Industrie-4.0-Maturity-Index von acatech eine reifegradbasierte Untersuchung der Entwicklung der Produktionsplanung und -steuerung im Kontext von Industrie 4.0 präsentiert.
Preparation of salt microparticles via the anti-solvent recrystallization process
Authors: Huang Wei , Pan Shuai , Liu Yanghua , Yu Qingmei , Liu Ruijiang 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The anti-solvent recrystallization process for the preparation of salt microparticles is introduced. The micron size of salt particles was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. The preparation conditions such as the antisolvent types, dripping acceleration, stirring time, the volume ratio of antisolvent and solvent, and adding sequence of solvent were optimized. The experimental results indicated that these preparation conditions were as follows: The saturated salt solution was added into absolute alcohol at a dripping acceleration of 10 mL · min−1, a stirring time duration of 30 min, and an antisolvent and solvent volume ratio of 4 : 1. Salt microparticles with an average diameter of about 6.3 μm, uniform size distribution and better crystallization were obtained under the above optimization conditions.
KEUNGGULAN KOMPETITIF DAN KEUNGGULAN KOMPERATIF USAHATANI KELAPA SAWIT PADA LAHAN SUBOPTIMAL DIKABUPATEN MUSI RAWAS
Authors: Heriyanto Heriyanto 
Published: January 2020

Perkembangan kelapa sawit setiap tahun cenderung meningkat, hal ini dapat dilihat dari perkembangan luas areal kelapa sawit terus meningkat hingga seluas 11,3 juta hektar pada tahun 2015 dan volume ekspor terus meningkat menjadi 32,54 juta ton atau sebesar US$ 17,36 Milyar. Usahatani perkebunan kelapa sawit di Indonesia dihadapkan pada keterbatasan sumber daya lahan yang memiliki karakteristik optimum untuk pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman kelapa sawit, sehingga pengembangan perkebunan kelapa sawit di Indonesia akhirnya mengarah ke lahan-lahan suboptimal. Adapun tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis bagaimana keunggulan kompetitf dan keunggulan komparatif serta bagaimana kebijakan pemerintah terhadap input –output usahatani kelapa sawit pada lahan suboptimal di Kabupaten Musi Rawas. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Pagar Ayu Kecamatan Megang Sakti Kabupaten Musi Rawas. Lokasi ditentukan secara sengaja dengan pertimbangan bahwa sebagian besar perkebunan kelapa sawit rakyat didesa tersebut dibudidayakan dilahan suboptimal atau lahan gambut. Untuk menjawab tujuan penelitian dianalisis menggunakan Analisis PAM (Policy Anlayisis Matrix). Penentuan responden dilakukan secara sengaja (purposive sampling) dengan kriteria petani yang membudidayakan tanaman kelapa ssawit dilahan suboptimal atau lahan gambut yaitu sebanyak 31 Responden petani yang melakukan usahatani kelapa sawit pada lahan suboptimal di Kecamatan Megang Sakti Kabupaten Musi Rawas. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Usahatani Kelapa Sawit pada Lahan Suboptimal di Kabupaten Musi Rawas memiliki keunggulan kompetitif hal ini ditandai dengan nilai PCR < 1 yakni 0,84 dan Keunggulan Komperatif hal ini ditandai dengan nilai DRCR <1 yakni 0,74. Tidak adanya kebijakan pemerintah terhadap penetapan harga input maupun penetapan harga output dalam usahatani kelapa Sawit pada lahan suboptimal dikabupaten Musi Rawas karena tidak ada input yang disubsidi oleh pemerintah dan penetapan harga TBS kelapa sawit berdasarkan harga pasar dunia karena petani kelapa sawit bersifat price taker
Asas Netralitas Aparatur Sipil Negara Pada Pemilukada (Studi Penerapan Pasal 2 Huruf F UU RI Nomor 5 Tahun 2014 Tentang Netralitas ASN di Kabupaten Tulungagung)
Authors: Budiono Budiono 
Published: January 2020

Pegawai Negeri Sipil yang selanjutnya disingkat PNS adalah warga negara Indonesia yang memenuhi syarat tertentu, diangkat sebagai pegawai ASN secara tetap oleh pejabat Pembina kepegawaian untuk menduduki jabatan pemerintahan, Netralitas Pegawai Negeri Sipil (PNS) adalah kebijakan politik yang melarang PNS untuk terlibat politik praktis atau harus netral dalam politik karena keberadaannya sebagai pelayan masyarakat.
Asas Netralitas adalah bahwa setiap pegawai aparatur sipil Negara tidak berpihak dari segala bentuk pengaruh manapun dan tidak memihak kepada kepentingan siapapun. Netralitas Pegawai Negeri Sipil (PNS) adalah kebijakan politik yang melarang PNS untuk terlibat politik praktis atau harus netral dalam politik karena keberadaannya sebagai pelayan masyarakat. Maksud netralitas yang lain adalah jika seorang Pegawai Negeri Sipil aktif menjadi pengurus partai politik atau anggota legislatif, maka ia harus mengundurkan diri. Dengan demikian birokrasi pemerintahan akan stabil dan dapat berperan mendukung serta merealisasikan kebijakan atau kehendak politik manapun yang sedang berkuasa dalam pemerintahan.
Permasalahan yang dibahas dari penelitian ini adalah sebagai berikut : 1. Bagaimana netralitas Aparatur Sipil Negara (ASN) pada Pemilukada di Kabupaten Tulungagung? 2. Faktor apa saja yang mempengaruhi netralitas ASN pada Pemilukada Kabupaten Tulungagung? 3. Bagaimana upaya penegakan netralitas ASN pada Pemilukada di Kabupaten Tulungagung? Penelitian dalam tesis ini dilakukan dengan mengkaji aturan hukum yang kemudian dihubungkan dengan permasalahan yang akan dianalisis dalam penelitian ini. pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan undang-undang (statue approach) dan pendekatan asas-asas hukum (legal principle approach). Sumber-sumber penelitian hukum dalam penulisan tesis ini dapat dibedakan menjadi sumber-sumber penelitian hukum yang berupa bahan-bahan hukum primer dan bahan-bahan hukum sekunder. Melalui sistematika terdapat bahan hukum yang kompleks akan dapat ditemukan norma hukumnya dan menerapkan guna menyelesaikan masalah yang dihadapi.
Penyelenggara pemilukada adalah Komisi Pemilihan Umum (KPU) Provinsi dan KPU Kabupaten/Kota yang diawasioleh Panitia Pengawas Pemilihan Umum (Panwaslu) Provinsi dan Panwaslu Kabupaten/Kota. Pemilihan kepala daerah (Pilkada) dilakukan secara langsung oleh penduduk daerah administratif setempat yang memenuhi syarat. Kedudukan Komisi pemilihan Umum sebagai lembaga negara dapat dianggap sederajat dengan lembaga-lembaga negara lain yang dibentuk oleh atau dengan undang-undang.
González Trevijano, Pedro J.: «La inviolabilidad del domicilio» (Recensión)
Authors: Arnaldo Alcubilla Enrique 
Published: January 2020

Recensión sobre la obra: Pedro J. González-Trevijano Sánchez. La Inviolabilidad Del Domicilio. Editorial Tecnos. Colección Temas Clave de la Constitución Española. Madrid, 1992. 227 páginas.
Evolução do conceito de deficiência no decorrer da história: do modelo médico ao social
Authors: Silva Everton Pires Ferreira Jorge da , Barros Natália Costa , Melo Rosane Isabella Oliveira , Pontes Nicolly Kelly da Silva , Maciel Ana Paula Paula 
Published: January 2020

Este estudo tem como objetivo apresentar o contexto histórico do conceito deficiência, acompanhando a história da humanidade desde os tempos antigos sobre relatos do processo de inclusão e aceitação das pessoas com alguma deficiência até a atualidade. O conteúdo do trabalho é fruto de uma revisão bibliográfica em artigos científicos, utilizando termos de deficiência, psicologia, surdez, contexto histórico. A reflexão do estudo apresentou uma discussão em diversas áreas da saúde sobre o tema abordado, mas não apresenta um conceito fechado e concreto sobre o que é ser deficiente, a Convenção sobre os Direitos das Pessoas com Deficiência menciona deficiência como “impedimentos de natureza física, intelectual ou sensorial” (ONU, 2006, artigo 1º.). Diante da evolução humana e conceitos de humanidade, saímos da alegação de que pessoas com deficiência são dignas de serem excluídas da sociedade, para a ideia de inclusão social contemporânea, onde mecanismos de apoio e atenção a essas pessoas são bem maiores, porém, ainda existem muitas barreiras. Consuma-se que ainda sim, inconscientemente, não mudamos tais comportamentos, e sim, modificamos em um mascaramento social expresso através de atitudes de pena e piedade, como tratar com esses indivíduos negando sua autossuficiência.
Influência da expansão urbana aliada às características morfométricas nas ocorrências de inundações: estudo de caso no município de João Monlevade-MG
Authors: Silva Josiano Josiel Rodrigues , Oliveira Gisely de Assis , Vieira Eliane Maria , Freitas Ana Carolina Vasques 
Published: January 2020

O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar a influência da expansão urbana aliada às características morfométricas nas ocorrências de inundações, no município de João Monlevade-MG. Para a mensuração e classificação das características morfométricas e a obtenção do mapa de uso e ocupação dentro da bacia foram utilizadas uma base de dados disponível no site da Agência Nacional de Águas (ANA) e imagens do satélite Alos Palsar. O uso e ocupação do solo foi dividido em 6 classes. A área de vegetação foi a queapresentoumaior porcentagem na bacia. Para a caracterização morfométrica da bacia, utilizando o software ArcGis 10.3, foi necessário a quantificação da área, perímetros, comprimento do canal principal da bacia e seu comprimento vetorial . De posse destes dados, calculou-se o coeficiente de compacidade (Kc), fator de forma (Kf), índice de circularidade (Ic), índices de declividade, índice de sinuosidade (Is), amplitude altimétrica (Hm), densidade de drenagem (Dd), hierarquia dos canais, número total de canais d’água na bacia e relação relevo (Rr). Diante dos resultados obtidos foi possível constatar que a bacia hidrográfica do córrego Carneirinhos possui uma suscetibilidade natural média ao desenvolvimento de inundações. Contudo, por meio da análise do uso e ocupação do solo foi constatado que os usos antrópicos prevaleceram e um aumento da expansão urbana foi observado, fato que tende a intensificar os processos de inundação na área.
Estudo epidemiológico da prevalência simultânea de hipertensão e diabetes de pacientes cadastrados no Hiperdia em uma cidade do estado do Piauí
Authors: Costa Geandra Diogo da , Deus Renata Maria Lima de , Alves Wellington dos Santos 
Published: January 2020

A hipertensão e a diabetes são doenças que estão relacionadas e ambas vem ganhando destaque desde o ano de 2002, no qual os índices de casos vêm aumentando desde então. Por isso, o trabalho objetivou em realizar o levantamento dos dados através do programa HIPERDIA para ter a análise do perfil epidemiológico de pacientes hipertensos e diabéticos, de acordo com ano, sexo e faixa etária. A pesquisa empregou um estudo observacional, descritivo e quantitativo sobre os casos de Hipertensão e Diabetes presentes no banco de dados do HIPERDIA. O levantamento de dados durante o período estabelecido analisou um total de 10.520 casos. Destes, sexo feminino se manteve em destaque ao logo de todos os anos analisados durante a pesquisa e a faixa etária com maior índice de casos prevaleceu a das pessoas idosas (65 anos em diante). Logo, observa-se a importância da pesquisa sobre os casos de hipertensão e diabetes para os departamentos em saúde, explanado pela quantidade de casos, que acometem principalmente os idosos. Diante do exposto, verifica-se que se torna imprescindível a presença de ações profissionais em saúde a fim de incentivar os hábitos proposto pela OMS para a escolha de hábitos saudáveis para a vida, contribuindo para a diminuição da prevalência de hipertensos e diabéticos.