bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship between post‐void residual urine volume, preoperative pyuria and intravesical recurrence after transurethral resection of bladder carcinoma
Authors: Sazuka Tomokazu , Sakamoto Shinichi , Imamura Yusuke , Nakamura Kazuyoshi , Yamamoto Satoshi , Arai Takayuki , Takeuchi Nobuyoshi , Komiya Akira , Teishima Jun , Ichikawa Tomohiko 
Published: September 2020

ObjectivesTo evaluate the relationship between residual urine volume, pyuria and bladder carcinoma recurrence.MethodsThe clinical data of 305 patients who had post‐void residual urine volume measured and preoperative pyuria were retrospectively collected. The patients were classified into three risk groups based on the presence of residual urine and pyuria: good (negative residual urine and pyuria), intermediate (positive residual urine or pyuria) and poor (positive residual urine and pyuria). Predictive factors for intravesical recurrence‐free survival were statistically analyzed using Cox proportional hazard models and Kaplan–Meier methods. The propensity score matching method was used to adjust the patients’ backgrounds.ResultsThe median follow‐up period for all patients was 44 months. The presence of residual urine (P = 0.0164) and pyuria (P = 0.0233) were two independent prognostic factors for recurrence. After patients were classified into risk groups, the poor‐risk group showed significantly shorter recurrence‐free survival compared with that of the good‐ (P = 0.0002) and intermediate‐risk groups (P = 0.0090). Even after matching, the presence of residual urine was related to short recurrence‐free survival in male patients (P = 0.0012). When stratified by European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer risk groups, the presence of pyuria was related to short recurrence‐free survival, especially for intermediate‐risk patients without bacillus Calmette–Guérin treatment.ConclusionsPost‐void residual urine and preoperative pyuria are two risks for recurrence‐free survival in non‐muscle‐invasive bladder cancer.
Impact of smoking habit on overactive bladder symptoms and incontinence in women
Authors: Kawahara Takashi , Ito Hiroki , Yao Masahiro , Uemura Hiroji 
Published: September 2020

ObjectiveTo examine the correlation between smoking habit and lower urinary tract symptoms in women.MethodsWe first screened 10 000 female patients to examine their smoking habit. A total of 7004 samples were successfully collected for further analysis through a urinary continence survey. The ratio of current smoking to non‐smoking participants was set as 1:3 to allow thorough assessment of the impact of cigarette smoking on lower urinary tract symptoms.ResultsA total of 4756 complete responses were obtained for the Overactive Bladder Symptom Score and International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire‐Short Form questionnaire. The current smokers (2.54 ± 2.91, 2.48 ± 4.01) and ex‐smokers (2.27 ± 2.50, 2.25 ± 3.50) showed significantly higher Overactive Bladder Symptom Score and International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire‐Short Form scores than the non‐smokers (1.70 ± 2.05, 1.49 ± 2.73) (P < 0.0001, P < 0.0001 and P < 0.0001, P < 0.0001, respectively). The prevalence of urgency was affected by the smoking status. Younger participants (aged 20–39 years) showed a stronger influence of their smoking habit than older participants (aged ≥40 years). Urgency urinary incontinence was also affected by the smoking status.ConclusionsThe prevalence of urgency and urgency urinary incontinence is correlated with age and smoking habit, and both current and ex‐smokers show an increased prevalence of urgency and urgency urinary incontinence compared with non‐smokers, especially younger women.
γδ T cell migration: Separating trafficking from surveillance behaviors at barrier surfaces
Authors: Fischer Matthew A. , Golovchenko Natasha B. , Edelblum Karen L. 
Published: September 2020

Abstractγδ T cells are found in highest numbers at barrier surfaces throughout the body, including the skin, intestine, lung, gingiva, and uterus. Under homeostatic conditions, γδ T cells provide immune surveillance of the epidermis, intestinal, and oral mucosa, whereas the presence of pathogenic microorganisms in the dermis or lungs elicits a robust γδ17 response to clear the infection. Although T cell migration is most frequently defined in the context of trafficking, analysis of specific migratory behaviors of lymphocytes within the tissue microenvironment can provide valuable insight into their function. Intravital imaging and computational analyses have been used to define “search” behavior associated with conventional αβ T cells; however, based on the known role of γδ T cells as immune sentinels at barrier surfaces and their TCR‐independent functions, we put forth the need to classify distinct migratory patterns that reflect the surveillance capacity of these unconventional lymphocytes. This review will focus on how γδ T cells traffic to various barrier surfaces and how recent investigation into their migratory behavior has provided unique insight into the contribution of γδ T cells to barrier immunity.
‘Females Don’t Need to be Reluctant’: Employing Design Thinking to Harness Creative Confidence and Interest in STEAM
Authors: Kijima Rie , Sun Kathy Liu 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThere is great gender gap in mathematics and science among countries around the world, but the gender gap is one of the largest in Japan. In order to address this issue, we evaluated an educational intervention to empower the next generation of female youths by employing design thinking to ignite their interests in Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts and Mathematics (STEAM) fields. In this article, we explain the rationale for the intervention, describe the unique three‐day curriculum employing design thinking, and share the results from the intervention. There are four key findings of our study. After participating in the workshop, the middle school female students showed greater interest in STEAM fields, demonstrated increased levels of creative confidence, cultivated a greater sense of empathy for others, and exhibited greater appreciation for collaboration. This study highlights the possibilities and opportunities for using design thinking to encourage female youths to become more interested in STEAM fields.
Mediocremonas mediterraneus, a New Member within the Developea
Authors: Weiler Bradley A. , Sà Elisabet L. , Sieracki Michael E. , Massana Ramon , del Campo Javier 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe stramenopiles are a large and diverse group of eukaryotes that possess various lifestyles required to thrive in a broad array of environments. The stramenopiles branch with the alveolates, rhizarians, and telonemids, forming the supergroup TSAR. Here, we present a new genus and species of aquatic nanoflagellated stramenopile: Mediocremonas mediterraneus, a free‐swimming heterotrophic predator. M. mediterraneus cell bodies measure between 2.0–4.0 μm in length and 1.2–3.7 μm in width, possessing two flagella and an oval body morphology. The growth and grazing rate of M. mediterraneus in batch cultures ranges from 0.68 to 1.83 d−1 and 1.99 to 5.38 bacteria/h, respectively. M. mediterraneus was found to be 93.9% phylogenetically similar with Developayella elegans and 94.7% with Develorapax marinus, two members within the class Developea. The phylogenetic position of the Developea and the ability of M. mediterraneus to remain in culture make it a good candidate for further genomic studies that could help us to better understand phagotrophy in marine systems as well as the transition from heterotrophy to phototrophy within the stramenopiles.
Fish size effect on sagittal otolith outer shape variability in round gobyNeogobius melanostomus(Pallas 1814)
Authors: Więcaszek Beata , Nowosielski Adam , Dąbrowski Jarosław , Górecka Klaudia , Keszka Sławomir , Strzelczak Agnieszka 
Published: September 2020

AbstractRound gobyNeogobius melanostomus(Pallas 1814) has become a significant component in the diet of piscivorous fish from the Pomeranian Bay (Bornholm Basin, Baltic Sea). Proper identification of fish species in the diet of predators is significant in biological studies of fish and other aquatic animal species, and, with regard toN. melanostomus, it is important to the knowledge of trophic web structures in areas this species has invaded. A total of 142 individuals ofN. melanostomus, measuring 16–174 mm standard length, were examined. Seventy‐two fishes were caught during monitoring surveys in fishing grounds, whereas 70 were found in the stomachs of European perchPerca fluviatilis, pike‐perchSander luciopercaand Baltic codGadus morhua. The objective of the present study was to analyse the sagittal otoliths to identify variations in outer shape with increases in fish length; expand and correct descriptions of the sagitta, lapillus and asteriscus otoliths; and evaluate the relationships among otolith dimensions and fish standard length. The otoliths were described morphologically. The analysis of the outer shape of sagittal otoliths using Fourier analysis and multivariate statistics exhibited great phenotypic variability that was associated with fish length, including within pairs in individuals and/or among individuals in length classes. In addition, the asterisci and lapilli ofN. melanostomusfrom selected specimens, which were described for the first time with regard to fish length, were found to be less variable compared to sagittal otoliths. This study presents the first analysis of intrapopulation phenotypic plasticity ofN. melanostomussagittal otolith morphology as it is linked to fish size.
An outbreak of visceral white nodules disease caused by Pseudomonas plecoglossicida at a water temperature of 12°C in cultured large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) in China
Authors: Li Chengwei , Wang Shenglan , Ren Qiulei , He Tianliang , Chen Xinhua 
Published: September 2020

AbstractVisceral white nodules disease (VWND) caused by Pseudomonas plecoglossicida is a common disease in cage‐farmed large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) in China. VWND usually occurred at water temperature of 16–19℃, resulting in high mortality in farmed large yellow croaker. Now, P. plecoglossicida as its pathogen has been considered nonpathogenic at 7–12℃. During February 2019, an infectious disease outbreak was observed in cage‐farmed large yellow croaker at a water temperature of 12℃ in Ningde, China. This disease is characterized by white granulomatous lesions in internal organs of the diseased fish, which was similar with the symptoms of the VWND in large yellow croaker. Then, we isolated a bacterial strain named PQLYC4 from visceral lesions of the diseased fish. The experimental infection studies demonstrated that the strain PQLYC4 was the pathogen of the disease, which was further identified as P. plecoglossicida by the analysis of morphology, 16s rRNA gene homology and average nucleotide identity based on the whole genome sequence. Our results revealed that P. plecoglossicida strain PQLYC4 could cause the outbreak of the VWND at 12℃, a water temperature lower than that reported previously, thus providing new knowledges of prevalence and prevention of the VWND in large yellow croaker.
Review of novel human β‐coronavirus (2019‐nCoV or SARS‐CoV‐2) from the food industry perspective—Food plant health principles
Authors: Goli Mohammad 
Published: September 2020

AbstractCoronaviruses, enveloped non‐segmented positive‐sense RNA viruses, distinguished in the mid‐60s can infect humans and a variety of birds and mammals. The purpose of this study was to review these coronaviruses, especially SARS (because of its very similar gene sequence to the 2019‐nCoV or SARS‐CoV‐2), from the perspective of observing the food plant health principles including observing the personal hygiene principles, that is, identification and prevention of workers suspected of carrying COVID‐19 in the food production lines, implementation of the hazard analysis and critical control points (HACCP), good manufacturing practice (GMP), and good hygienic practice (GHP) principles from farm to table; utilizing the appropriate chemical sanitizers, that is, incorporation of copper alloy surfaces in conjunction with effective cleaning regimens; use of food plant surface and cleaning‐in‐place‐program sanitizers; utilizing the different light spectrums, that is, Surface sanitizing with UVC light or surface sanitizing with methylene blue in conjunction with visible light in food production lines; and providing unfavorable environmental conditions for coronavirus survival (minimum heat treatment, for example, low temperature long time and greater for liquid food products, pH ≤3, minimum‐storage relative‐humidity). Considering these aspects during times and times and places of with the high prevalence of β‐coronavirus (2019‐nCoV or SARS‐CoV‐2) will be essential for preventing further outbreaks at the community level.
Serological survey and DNA screening of Leptospira spp. in free‐living adult tufted capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella nigritus) in a forest reserve Southeast São Paulo State, Brazil
Authors: Girio Raul José Silva , de Andrade‐Cruvinel Tatiana Morosini , Vasconcellos Silvio Arruda , Repetti Cláudia Sampaio Fonseca , Friolani Milena , Bueno Patrícia Cincotto dos Santos , Felix Marcílio , Teixeira Daniel De Bortoli 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundLeptospirosis is an important anthropozoonosis. The study investigated the presence of anti‐Leptospira antibodies and detection of Leptospira spp DNA in the urine as well as the biochemical profile in Neotropical wild primates living in a forest reserve from Southeast São Paulo State, Brazil.MethodsBlood samples were obtained from 50 adult tufted capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella nigritus). Urine samples were obtained only from male primates. The screening for antibodies against Leptospira spp was evaluated by microscopic agglutination test (MAT). Leptospira DNA in the urine was evaluated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) considering the target gene LipL32. Biochemical profile was evaluated by using a spectrophotometer.ResultsThe MAT results included 39 (78%) serum reactive animals with the proportions of 28/39 males and 11/39 females. The most frequent reactive serogroups were Icterohemorrhagiae, Canicola, and Autumnalis. All urine samples were negative for leptospiral DNA. There were no significant differences between sexes for aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase values, but alanine aminotransferase (ALT), creatinine, glucose, and urea were significantly higher in males.ConclusionsTufted capuchin monkeys were sera reactive against leptospirosis. Prevalence was similar for the 2 sexes. Leptospiral DNA was not detected in the urine of sera reactive primates tested by the MAT method. ALT, creatinine, glucose, and urea values were higher in male animals.
Preschool oral health‐related quality of life: A practical guide to measurement tools
Authors: Culler Corinna S. , Gunarajasingam Duwaraka , Henshaw Michelle M. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this paper is to describe currently available measurement tools for assessing oral health‐related quality of life (OHQoL) in preschool aged children to aid clinicians and researchers in selection of the appropriate tool for their needs.MethodsThe authors describe and compare eight OHRQoL tools that were created or adapted for use among preschoolers, including the Child Oral Health Impact Profile–Preschool, Dental Discomfort Questionnaire, Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale, Michigan‐OHRQoL, Parental‐Caregiver Perceptions Questionnaire and Family Impact Scale, Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory–Oral Health Scale, Pediatric Oral Health‐Related Quality of Life, and Scale of Oral Health Outcomes for 5‐year‐old children.ResultsThe tools vary by their intended target population, oral condition of interest, intended setting for use, and method of administration. They also vary in the number of items or questions included and the domains covered by those items. Unique features and strengths of each are highlighted.ConclusionA variety of tools exist for measuring OHQoL in preschoolers, this article provides an overview that can facilitate selection for specific intended uses.
Examining the Impact of Personal Factors on Scores on the Self‐Determination Inventory: Adult Report in Adults with Disabilities
Authors: Hagiwara Mayumi , Shogren Karrie A. , Rifenbark Graham G. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundSelf‐determination develops across the life course and plays an important role in the lives of people with disabilities throughout childhood, adolescence, and into adulthood. Self‐determination is also assumed to be an enduring characteristic which can be meaningfully assessed over time with development. Further, researchers have consistently found that personal factors, such as age, gender, race/ethnicity, and disability status may impact the development and expression of self‐determination for people with disabilities. Recently, the Self‐Determination Inventory: Adult Report (SDI:AR), a self‐report measure, was developed to assess self‐determination for adults with and without disabilities ages 18 and over. However, there has not been any comprehensive studies examining the impact of personal factors on self‐determination of adults with and without disabilities as measured by the SDI:AR. Such work will inform the impact of personal factors on self‐determination of adults with and without disabilities.Specific AimsThe purpose of this study was to analyze data from the SDI:AR validation study to examine the impact of personal factors (age, gender, and disability label) on the expression of self‐determination in adults with and without disabilities.MethodThis study used multilevel linear models, and the sample included 541 adults with and without disabilities ages 18 and 71.FindingsResults showed personal factors impacted overall self‐determination for adults with and without disabilities in complex ways. In general, adults without disabilities scored higher than adults with disabilities, especially adults with intellectual disability. Results also suggested that the SDI:AR could be a meaningful tool to measure adult self‐determination.DiscussionConsidering the significant yet complex impact on adult self‐determination, it is critical to provide supports and opportunities for self‐determination throughout adulthood by taking personal factors into account.
Serological markers of gluten sensitivity in Border terriers with gall bladder mucocoeles
Authors: Barker L. , Tivers M. S. , Kathrani A. , Allerton F. , Powell R. , Stam L. , Black V. 
Published: September 2020

ObjectivesTo evaluate serological markers of gluten sensitivity in conjunction with cholecystokinin measurement in Border terriers with gall bladder mucocoeles.Materials and MethodsMedical records from two referral hospitals were obtained between 2011 and 2019 to identify Border terriers with gall bladder mucocoeles, non‐Border terriers with gall bladder mucocoeles and control Border terriers with non‐biliary diseases. Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays were performed on stored fasted serum samples for anti‐gliadin IgG, anti‐canine transglutaminase‐2‐IgA autoantibodies and cholecystokinin. Statistical analysis was performed using the Kruskall‐Wallis test to identify differences between the groups.ResultsFifteen Border terriers with gall bladder mucocoeles, 17 non‐Border terriers with gall bladder mucocoeles and 14 control Border terriers with non‐biliary diseases were recruited. Median transglutaminase‐2‐IgA autoantibodies in Border terriers with gall bladder mucocoeles was 0.73 (range: 0.18 to 1.67), which was significantly greater than in control Border terriers at 0.41 (0.07 to 1.14). Median cholecystokinin concentration in Border terriers with gall bladder mucocoeles was 13 pg/mL (6 to 45 pg/mL), which was significantly lower than in control Border terriers at 103 pg/mL (9 to 397 pg/mL). There was no difference in the anti‐gliadin IgG between these groups. There was no difference observed in the non‐Border terriers with gall bladder mucocoeles with either of the other groups.Clinical SignificanceReduced cholecystokinin and increased transglutaminase‐2‐IgA autoantibodies was detected in Border terriers with gall bladder mucocoeles; which is in part homologous to gall bladder disease identified in human coeliac disease. The results suggest an immunological disease with impaired cholecystokinin release may be affecting gall bladder motility and possibly contributing to mucocoele formation in Border terriers.
Development and evaluation of a point-of-care test with a combination of EZ-Fast DNA extraction and real-time PCR and LAMP detection: evaluation using blood samples containing the bovine leukaemia DNA
Authors: Yamazaki Y. , Thongchankaew-Seo U. , Nagao K. , Mekata H. , Yamazaki W. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Along with progress in globalization of society, the spread of infectious diseases has accelerated worldwide. The deployment of highly sensitive genetic tests is essential for early diagnosis and early containment of potential outbreaks and epidemics, as well as routine surveillance, although tedious and expensive nucleic acid extraction steps represent a major drawback. Here we developed a simple and rapid DNA extraction method, named as an EZ-Fast kit, applicable to the field setting. The kit does not require advanced laboratory equipment or expensive DNA extraction kits and achieves crude DNA extraction within 10 min at extremely low cost and can easily be performed in field settings. When combined with real-time PCR and LAMP analyses, the performance of the POCT, using 183 bovine blood samples, was similar to that of the existing DNA extraction method: 92·5% (135/146) (real-time PCR) and 93·7% (133/142) (LAMP) diagnostic sensitivities, and 100% diagnostic specificities. The developed POCT provides a powerful tool to facilitate on-site diagnosis in a field setting.
Crosslinguistic Sharing of Morphological Awareness in Biliteracy Development: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Correlation Coefficients
Authors: Ke Sihui (Echo) , Miller Ryan T. , Zhang Dongbo , Koda Keiko 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis study examined the crosslinguistic sharing of morphological awareness (MA) in biliteracy development. The analysis included 34 correlational studies with 41 independent samples (N = 4,104). Correlational coefficients were meta‐analyzed, yielding four main findings: (a) the correlation between first language (L1) and second language (L2) MA was small (r = .30); (b) the interlingual correlations between L1 MA and L2 word decoding and between L1 MA and L2 reading comprehension were both small (r = .35, .39, respectively); (c) the intralingual correlations between L2 MA and L2 word decoding and between L2 MA and L2 reading comprehension were both moderate (r = .46, .52, respectively); and (d) MA measurement type and age were significant moderators. Our review suggests that there is a need for future research to align the definition and measurement of MA.