bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evidence-based health security: The nexus of governance and pandemic preparedness
Authors: Greenhill R , Johnson J , Malone P , Westrum A 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Pandemic preparedness continues to be an important focus of the global health security agenda. Many nations in the sub-Saharan African region remain at high risk for a major pandemic due to limited capacity and endemic co-morbid conditions in their populations. While the literature does suggest that state capacity influences health, no studies to date indicate an association between state capacity and pandemic disease distribution, particularly in the presence of other endemic diseases.

Methods
This mixed methods study will contribute to existing research by examining how economic and sociopolitical attributes of state capacity influence pandemic-prone disease distribution in sub-Saharan Africa. A convergent mixed methods design was used to collect and analyze quantitative state capacity attributes and prevention, and control using correlation in six sub-Saharan countries. Results of the quantitative study were triangulated through the use of an expert panel and results integrated for an overall interpretation and conclusion.

Results
Variables in the study showed statistically significant relationships between proxies of state capacity and the follow areas: control of pandemics and prevention of pandemics. The Expert Panel interviews illustrated convergence between the correlated results.

Conclusions
This study brought forward associations with expert confirmation suggestive of areas for national governments in sub-Saharan Africa to further review and improve. While many internal factors limit state capacity in these nations (e.g. human and fiscal resources), external funders may consider adding information from this study and other metrics to test progress.

Key messages
Evidence is valuable for pandemic preparedness planning. Nation state capacity is a factor in pandemic preparedness.
Local preparedness for Mass Gatherings in Northern Portugal
Authors: Moreira de Sousa A , Capucho R 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Issue
Lack of preparedness for mass gatherings and their possible impact on public health at the local and national level

Description of the Problem
Due to an outbreak in a Mass Gathering (MG), that took place in the northern region in 2018, the Public Health Unit (PHU) of Alto Tâmega and Barroso's, in collaboration with the Northern Region Public Health Department and the local government of Montalegre, implemented a risk assessment tool to new MGs, to mitigate the identified risks. Although Montalegre's MGs have considerable importance to the region's local economy, they are also high-risk events, to local and international health, due to the high number of foreigners on those events and the proximity to the Spanish border.

Results
The first in the field collaboration was the Forest Soul Gathering, a biennial transformational festival, held from 17th-21st of July 2019, with more than 1000 participants, from more than 20 countries. The collaboration with the local government continued throughout the year with several work meetings on Mass Gatherings and risk management. On Friday 6th, 2020, the PHU provided a risk assessment to the local government on the event Friday 13th (40.000 participants) and classified that risk as major due to the COVID-19 epidemic. In the local civil defense meeting, it was decided unanimously to cancel the event, taking into account the risk assessment of the PHU.

Lessons
There has been an increase in MG's in Portugal. This requires straight collaboration with the organization, health sector, and local authorities, to mitigate the risks of each event. This can be an example of how to go from theory to practice, in public health risk prevention, and institutional cooperation, being one of the first of its kind in Portugal. In the end, it allowed a fast response to the threat of COVID-19 and public health protection of the community of Montalegre.

Key messages
Proper preparation with partners to a public health emergency is vital to contain an outbreak. Local public health departments need to implement their emergency protocols and risk assessment procedures before a public health emergency.
Preventive and responsive plans to COVID-19 epidemic in a leading teaching hospital in Milan, Italy
Authors: Bellini L , Bossi E , Bucci D , Capraro M , Chiappa F , Ambrosio A 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Issue
Following the SARS-Cov-2 outbreak in Wuhan, China, the first case of COVID-19 was reported in Codogno, Lombardy, Italy, on 20 February 2020. The ongoing epidemic has exposed the health care system to a severe stress. San Raffaele Hospital (OSR) in Milan, Italy - a leader in the emergency management, may provide a benchmarking experience useful for other countries.

Description of the Problem
OSR has established a task force including the health care director, the Infections Prevention and Control Committee (IPCC) and the head of ward and outpatients' facilities management area in order to assess the situation and to define a multi-step strategy. The management process has been divided in two steps. Firstly, a preventive phase was devised, in a preparedness perspective, to avoid the spread of the infection to the Healthcare Professionals (HCP). Secondly, a reorganizational phase was implemented to guarantee assistance to infected patients, especially the critical ones.

Results
Before the outbreak, the IPCC updated OSR's procedures, based on the WHO's, national and regional guidance, planned a lectures series and an online survey to train healthcare professionals and proposed to stack Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) to face the expected shortage. The Head of the facilities management area defined separate pathways in the Emergency Department in order to isolate patients with respiratory symptoms, set up a new ward, with 26 beds and dedicated personnel, as well as two Intensive Care Units, with 13 beds, Some wards were merged and more healthcare workers were moved to the COVID-19 units.

Lessons
The coordination between task force members has been crucial for translating the multi-step strategy in a quick reorganization of the whole hospital. Despite early preparations, we could not anticipate the evolution of the outbreak and its logistic impact, especially on the PPE procurement.

Key messages
A major Hospital was proved to be capable to respond to the changing healthcare requests. Organizational flexibility is crucial for proper emergency management.
Applied health communication training as active methodologies in undergraduate medical
Authors: Hermes E , Dantas D , Xavier A , Siqueira A C , Neto A Freitas , Barbosa E , Bevilacqua G , Fortkamp M , Hamessi D , Smanioto G 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Health education plays a fundamental role in the formation of critical and reflective health professionals, preparing them to transcend theories and experience challenging practices. For the educator, it is unique to guide the way that can transform a gap in the undergraduate medical education into a possibility of positive action. It was in this sense that the health communication training was developed, supported by theory of neurolinguistics and techniques of emotional intelligence. Teachers of the Communication, Leadership and Management Skills (speech therapist, psychologist, nurse, doctor, dentist) programmed a training to work with students, all from the second year of the undergraduate medical course, to stimulate verbal communication. and nonverbal. Six experiential activities were used in the classroom, detailing: Activity 1 - Assertive Communication;. Activity 2 - Consensus Groups. Activity 3 - Nonverbal Communication. Activity 4 - Body Shapes. Activity 5 - Perception of the Other.

Objective
This qualitative descriptive study aimed to report the experience of a trainning on the topic of health communication held in an institution of the public higher education system in Brazil with the purpose of promoting innovation in the education of medical students.

Results
Faced with activities like this, we realize that students go through a process of breaking paradigms, which significantly influences their way of thinking. Initial training should provide adequate support to students from the perspective of the knowledge spiral. From the generalist content, with the evolution of the undergraduate years, the student perfects and deepens his reflections, in a continuous process of meanings.

Conclusions
The training of verbal and nonverbal communication with medical students satisfactorily developed skills in personal interaction, behavioral, empathy, self-perception.

Key messages
This work represents a breakthrough in the field of health education towards producing technology for health professionals. Among the challenges of the 21st century is the use of new teaching methodologies that address the demands of world health problems.
Evolving healthcare; nurses’ attitudes towards complementary therapies
Authors: Hall H , Leach M , Brosnan C , Collins M 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Integration of complementary therapies alongside conventional medical treatment is common and affects health behaviour and outcomes. Nurses frequently interact with patients and their attitudes to these therapies may play a significant role in decision-making. This mixed-method study investigated nurses' attitudes and behaviour towards complementary therapies.

Methods
A sequential exploratory design was utilised. Qualitative data were collected via interviews with nurses working in primary and tertiary settings, in all states of Australia. Interview data underwent thematic analysis. Findings from the interviews informed the development of a questionnaire, which was used to conduct a national online survey. Survey data were descriptively analysed using frequency distributions and percentages.

Results
Nineteen nurses were interviewed and 614 responded to the survey. Themes that emerged from the qualitative data were; Promoting safe care, Seeking complementary therapies knowledge; Supporting holistic health care and Integrating complementary therapies in practice. Survey responses revealed most nurses (77.5%) discussed complementary therapies with patients. More than one half (55.5%) would 'sometimes' recommend complementary therapies and 12.0% would 'almost always/always' do so. The majority (91.8%) believed nurses should have some understanding of complementary therapies. There was a lack of agreement regarding integration of these therapies into nursing practice.

Conclusions
Nurses were generally supportive of patients' interest in complementary therapies and want basic education about these therapies.

Key messages
Nurses working in Australia often engage with patients about complementary therapies. Increasing nurses’ complementary therapy knowledge is likely to promote informed decision-making and improve patient safety.
O-Health-Edu: Advancing oral health: A vision for dental education
Authors: Tubert-Jeannin S , Field J , Davies J , Manzanares C , Dixon J , Vital S , Paganelli C , Quinn B , Gerber G , Akota I 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The prevalence and burden of untreated oral diseases throughout the life course remains high worldwide, and inequalities in oral health and dental care are increasing. This is a major public health issue that is not being enough addressed by the health care systems. To better manage populations' oral health, oral health professionals must be trained to adapt to population needs and societal and technological changes. Furthermore, dental institutions must fulfill their social responsibility by prioritizing educational and research activities that promote advancing individual and community health. In Europe, great variability exists between dental programs within the same country or between countries. This variability is an issue as European graduates can practice around the European Union through mutual recognition of their qualifications. This might lead to inequities in the availability, accessibility, acceptability and quality of health services. The convergence of competencies and quality standards at the international level must thus be better clearly identified, defined and improved. The purpose of the O-Health-Edu, EU funded project, “Advancing Oral Health: A vision for Dental Education” is thus to assess the current situation concerning the oral health professionals' education (OHP) and to identify educational priorities so that future graduating OHPs have competencies aligned with emerging population needs. The project is supported within the KA203 - “Cooperation for Innovation and the Exchange of Good Practices - Strategic Partnerships for higher education” Erasmus program. It began in October 2019 for three years, with eight European university partners and the ADEE (Association for Dental Education in Europe). The firsts steps consist of a scoping review to identify the available information followed by a questionnaire survey to gather more comprehensive data so that to build an opened data source, and a glossary of dental education terms.

Key messages
Few Information about the current situation of dental education in Europe. Graduates must be equipped with adequate competencies to face populations needs.
Integration of migrant healthcare workforce from the perspective of leading hospital staff in Germany
Authors: Peppler L , Schenk L 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
The German healthcare system is facing a serious shortage of healthcare professionals and is therefore dependent of foreign staff to ensure adequate healthcare. 14 % of the physicians and 17 % of the nurses working in Germany have foreign citizenship. The variety of cultural backgrounds and language skills raises the question for advantages and challenges when it comes to human resource policies in hospitals and outpatient care services.

Methods
The findings are based on 16 expert interviews with physicians, nurses, and managers in leading positions of two hospitals and two outpatient care services. These institutions differ in the extent to which they treat migrant patients and hire foreign healthcare workers.

Results
From the experts' perspective, the biggest advantage in foreign health workers are their language skills. Foreign language skills are a huge advantage provided that their knowledge matches the patients' languages and their German skills are adequate as well. Additionally, their knowledge about other medical cultures are very much appreciated. The experts see challenges in different qualifications that the professionals have gained in their home countries as well as diverse working cultures, which often leads to frustration among the teams. Therefore, too much ethnic diversity is difficult for everyday working life. Ethnic discrimination is the case in hospitals with less migrant staff and patients.

Conclusions
To ensure adequate healthcare, healthcare professionals should get a special training, which enables them to work in diverse teams with colleagues from other countries. Meanwhile, foreign staff need time to get used to new hospital structures and should feel strengthened to bring their skills in. This is a process, which the institutions must moderate and accompany constructively.

Key messages
Immigration of foreign healthcare professionals leads to multicultural teams in healthcare, which are characterized by differences in cultures and qualifications. Therefore, leading professionals should support and encourage multicultural teams to learn how to deal with this diversity in everyday working life.
Strategies to prevent sexual harassment in the hospitality workplace in Sweden
Authors: Gillander Gådin K , Persson K , Zampoukos K 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Sexual harassment is a problem at workplaces, particularly in the hospitality business. These workplaces are known for having a lot of challenges for the psychosocial work environment such as working hours, leadership and the relation to alcohol, but also being workplaces with a high risk for being exposed to sexual harassment, from managers, coworkers as well as from guests. Sexual harassment is a kind of gendered violence and a work environmental problem that needs to be prevented in order to reduce work-related stress. The aim of this study was to analyze strategies to prevent sexual harassment in the hospitality business. A second aim was to analyze factors in these kind of workplaces that constitute barriers to effective prevention strategies.

Methods
Twenty-five employees and managers in the hotel and restaurant business were interviewed individually about their experiences of sexual harassment and what kind of strategies they use to cope, prevent and counteract sexual harassment at their work places.

Results
The preliminary results indicate a broad range of preventive measures that employers and managers deploy, stretching from the arrangement of the physical environment to team-building activities and onto efforts aimed at creating a common value-system. Workers, on their part, strategize collectively for instance by close communication with each other regarding “difficult” customers. Furthermore, individual workers use their bodily resources and clothing, to counteract harassment and threatening situations.

Conclusions
There are several conflicting aims and contradictions inherent in this industry, e.g. in terms of profit and the expectations of service and hospitality towards guests, no matter of their behavior. There are also gendered expectations on staff that increases the risk for sexual harassment from managers, coworkers as well as guests that make preventive work more challenging than in other types of businesses.

Key messages
Sexual harassment in the hospitality business is more challenging than in other work places, and thus need specific prevention strategies in order to promote a healthy psychosocial work environment. As gendered hierarchies in the hospitality business put women at risk for sexual harassment to a higher degree than men, there is a need for increased gender awareness in the preventive work.
Determining future professions and competencies of health workers
Authors: Koikov V , Akanov A , Abduazhitova A , Aubakirova A , Otargalieva D , Derbissalina G 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Constantly growing needs and challenges for the healthcare sector lead to the development of new technologies and new approaches to health promotion, which, in turn, leads to the emergence of new needs of new professions (NPs) and new competencies (NCs). Accordingly, timely forecasting of NPs and NCs of health workers (HWs) is of high relevance, since it is necessary to create conditions for the timely training of HWs with NPs and NCs

Methods
At the first stage, we carried out an analysis of technological trends and challenges in modern healthcare to identify potential NPs and NCs of HWs that may be required in the future. Then, the selection of the most demanded NPs and NCs was carried out on the basis of a study of a 2-round Delphi study - 196 experts selected according to the principle of “Side of the World” - from 5 organizations in 5 regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan (north, south, west, east, center). Then we made prioritization of NPs and NCs, which will be in demand in the next 10 years for the health system.

Results
Based on our research, a list of the following NPs was determined: IT specialist in medicine, bioethics, telemedicine physician, molecular nutritionist, clinical bioinformatics, consultant for healthy old age, expert in personalized medicine, engineer for organs and tissues, life style strategist, operator of medical robots, ergotherapist, kinesiotherapist, biopharmacologist, medical journalist, architect of medical equipment, developer of cyber prosthetics and implants. A list of NCs that will be in demand in the coming years for HWs was also determined: competencies in the fields of personalized and preventive medicine, robotic medicine, IT technology, logistics of health services, biotechnology, nanomedicine, online counseling.

Conclusions
The results of our study indicate the need to consolidate selected professions in the sectoral qualifications system, as well as the need to launch training programs for these NPs and NCs.

Key messages
An analysis of technological trends in the healthcare system and Delphi research allowed us to formulate a list of NPs and NCs. It is necessary to create a system of support and promotion of NPs and NCs to improve the quality of health services.
Second victim experience: cross-sectional survey at the Department of Maternal-Child Health in Udine
Authors: Scarpis E , Ruscio E , Bianchet B , Doimo A , Moretti V , Cocconi R , Farneti F , Castriotta L , Quattrin R 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Healthcare workers (HCWs) can experience psychological distress if involved in adverse patient events, becoming second victims. The aim of this study is to determine the extension of the second victim phenomenon and the preference of the support resources of the HCWs working in the Department of Maternal and Child Health (DMC) at the Academic Hospital of Udine.

Methods
A cross-sectional survey was carried out from June to November 2019. All HCWs involved in direct patient care working in the three units of DMC [Obstetrics and Gynaecology (OG), Neonatology (Neo), Pediatrics (Ped)] were included. A validated version in Italian language of the Second Victim Experience and Support Tool (SVEST) was used to assess the experience of second victim and the support resources preferred by the HCWs (Likert-scale: 1-5). Agreement of the support options were considered with an overall mean subscale score of ≥ 4.0. The Wilcoxon signed rank sum test was used to calculate the statistically significant differences (p &lt; 0.01).

Results
The response rate was 44,9% (120/267). Women were 95.8%. Mean age was 38.7±9.7; HCWs from OG were 48.3%, 26.7% from Neo and 25% from Ped. Nurses were 34.2%, 32.5% were obstetrics, 15.8% were doctors and 8.3% were residents. HCWs who experienced adverse patient events were 80 (66.7%). Out of these, 63 (52.5%) were near-miss events. The overall mean score of the first two dimensions of SVEST (”Psychological distress” and “Physical distress”, as representative of the trauma experience) was respectively 3.3±1.0 and 2.3±1.1. The difference between their scores was statistically significant (p &lt; 0.01). The most preferred support option was: “a respected peer to discuss the details of what happened” with the 80.0%.

Conclusions
The study highlights that HCWs of the DMC are frequently involved in adverse patient events. Psychological distress was significative more impactful than physical distress. The majority of HCWs preferred a peer for colleagues support.

Key messages
SVEST is an instrument that helps to determine the support resources preferred by HCWs in order to develop a support program for second victim. A peer for colleagues support is the support resource preferred by the HCWs working in the Department of Maternal and Child Health.