bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surgical treatment of lung cancer with adjacent lobe invasion in relation to fissure integrity
Authors: Andreetti Claudio , Poggi Camilla , Ibrahim Mohsen , D'Andrilli Antonio , Maurizi Giulio , Tiracorrendo Matteo , Peritore Valentina , Rendina Erino Angelo , Venuta Federico , Anile Marco , Pagini Andreina , Natale Giovanni , Santini Mario , Fiorelli Alfonso 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundTumor with adjacent lobe invasion (T‐ALI) is an uncommon condition. Controversy still exists regarding the optimal resection of adjacent lobe invasion, and the prognostic value in relation to fissure integrity at the tumor invasion point. The aims of this paper were to evaluate the prognosis of T‐ALI with regard to fissure integrity, and type of resection.MethodsThis was a retrospective multicenter study which included all consecutive patients with T‐ALI undergoing surgical treatment. Based on radiological, intraoperative and histological findings, T‐ALI patients were differentiated into two groups based on whether the fissure was complete (T‐ALI‐A group) or incomplete (T‐ALI‐D Group) at the level of tumor invasion point. Clinico‐pathological features and survival of two study groups were analyzed and compared.ResultsStudy population included 135 patients, of these 98 (72%) were included into T‐ALI‐A group, and 37 (38%) into T‐ALI‐D Group. T‐ALI‐D patients had better overall survival than T‐ALI‐A patients (63.9 ± 7.0 vs. 48.9 ± 3.9; respectively, P = 0.01) who presented with a higher incidence of lymph node involvement (35% vs. 4%; P = 0.004), and recurrence rate (43% vs. 16%; P = 0.01). At multivariable analysis, T‐ALI‐D (P = 0.01), pN0 stage (P = 0.0002), and pT≤5 cm (P = 0.0001) were favorable survival prognostic factors.ConclusionsT‐ALI‐D presented a better prognosis than T‐ALI‐A while extent of resection had no effect on survival. Thus, in patients with small T‐ALI‐D and without lymph node involvement, sublobar resection of adjacent lobe rather than lobectomy could be indicated.Key points
The extent of resection of adjacent lobe had no effect on survival while T‐ALI‐D, pN0 stage, and pT≤5 cm were significant prognostic factors.
In patients with small T‐ALI‐D and without lymph node involvement, sublobar resection of adjacent lobe could be indicated as an alternative to lobectomy.
Cost‐effectiveness and cost–utility analysis of a work‐place smoking cessation intervention with and without financial incentives
Authors: van den Brand Floor A. , Nagelhout Gera E. , Winkens Bjorn , Chavannes Niels H. , van Schayck Onno C. P. , Evers Silvia M. A. A. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAimsTo perform an economic evaluation of a work‐place smoking cessation group training programme with incentives compared with a training programme without incentives.DesignA trial‐based cost‐effectiveness analysis (CEA) and cost–utility analysis (CUA) from a societal perspective and an employer's perspective.SettingSixty‐one companies in the Netherlands.ParticipantsA total of 604 tobacco‐smoking employees.Intervention and comparatorA 7‐week work‐place smoking cessation group training programme. The intervention group earned gift vouchers of €350 for 12 months’ continuous abstinence. The comparator group received no incentives.MeasurementsOnline questionnaires were administered to assess quality of life (EQ‐5D‐5 L) and resource use during the 14‐month follow‐up period (2‐month training period plus 12‐month abstinence period). For the CEA the primary outcome measure was carbon monoxide (CO)‐validated continuous abstinence; for the CUA the primary outcome was quality‐adjusted life years (QALY). Bootstrapping and sensitivity analyses were performed to account for uncertainty. Incremental cost‐effectiveness ratio (ICER) tables were used to determine cost‐effectiveness from a life‐time perspective.FindingsOf the participants in the intervention group, 41.1% had quit smoking compared with 26.4% in the control group. From a societal perspective with a 14‐month follow‐up period, the ICER per quitter for an intervention with financial incentives compared with no incentives was €11 546. From an employer's perspective, the ICER was €5686. There was no significant difference in QALYs between the intervention and control group within the 14‐month follow‐up period. The intervention was dominated by the comparator in the primary analysis at a threshold of €20 000 per QALY. In the sensitivity analysis, these results were uncertain. A life‐time perspective showed an ICER of €1249 (95% confidence interval = €850–2387) per QALY.ConclusionsFinancial incentives may be cost‐effective in increasing quitting smoking, particularly from a life‐time perspective.
Editorial: rapid disease progression in hepatitis delta—can we turn the tide?
Authors: Sonneveld Milan J. , de Knegt Robert J. 
Published: December 2019

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Palom et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15521 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15558.
Letter: a 5‐year long‐term follow‐up study after DAA treatment confirms a reduced HCC risk in a central European cohort of HCV patients with liver cirrhosis
Authors: Ebel Friederike , Deterding Katja , Port Kerstin , Schlevogt Bernhard , Manns Michael P. , Maasoumy Benjamin , Cornberg Markus , Wedemeyer Heiner 
Published: December 2019

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Mecci et al paper. To view this article, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15296.
Editorial: rapid assessment of health‐related quality of life in primary biliary cholangitis—no excuse not to ask. Authors' reply
Authors: Alrubaiy Laith , Mells George , Flack Steven , Bosomworth Helen , Hutchings Hayley , Williams John , Jones David 
Published: December 2019

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Alrubaiy et al and and Gulamhusein and Jackson papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15554 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15588.
Dynamic machine learning‐based heuristic energy optimization approach on multicore architecture
Authors: Sundaresan Yokesh B. , Saleem Durai M. A. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn the present era, energy is progressively turning into the major limitation in designing multicore chips. However, power and performance are the primary segments of energy, which are contrarily correlated in multicore architectures. This research primarily focused on optimizing energy level of multicore chips using parallel workloads by utilizing either power or execution advancement based on machine learning computation on dynamic programming. To do as such, the novel dynamic machine learning‐based heuristic energy optimization (DML‐HEO) algorithm has been designed and developed in this research on application‐specific controllers to optimize energy‐level on multicore architecture. Here DML‐HEO is implemented on the controller to maximize the execution inside a fixed power spending plan or to limit the expended capacity to accomplish a similar pattern execution. The controller is additionally scalable as it does not bring about critical overhead due to the increase in quantity of cores. The strategy has been assessed utilizing controllers on a full‐framework test system at lab‐scale analysis. The experimental results demonstrate that our proposed DML‐HEO system shows improving performance than the traditional system.
Felbamate for infantile spasms syndrome resistant to first‐line treatments
Authors: Dozières‐Puyravel Blandine , Nasser Hala , Bellavoine Vanina , Ilea Adina , Delanoe Catherine , Auvin Stéphane 
Published: December 2019

AimTo analyse the effects of felbamate in refractory infantile spasms/West syndrome.MethodWe conducted a 10‐year retrospective study of infants (including all infants younger than 18mo) treated with felbamate for electroencephalography‐recorded epileptic spasms persisting after first‐line treatment.ResultsIn total, 29 infants (17 males, 12 females) were included in the study. Felbamate was initiated at a mean age of 13.8 months (range 4.5–66mo) after sequential administration or combination of vigabatrin and oral steroids; a ketogenic diet was implemented in 23 infants. Eight infants became spasm‐free at a mean dose of 34.6mg/kg/day felbamate (range 26–45mg/kg/day). Mean duration of felbamate use was 19 months (range 1–67mo) for the 19 infants whose treatment was terminated. No severe side effects were observed. Reversible neutropenia led to withdrawal of felbamate in six patients. One spasm‐free patient demonstrated recurrence when felbamate was withdrawn.InterpretationN‐methyl‐d‐aspartate receptors with felbamate controlled epileptic spasms in eight infants resistant to first‐line treatment should be targeted.
Echocardiography reporting of pulmonary hypertension and subsequent referral to a specialty clinic
Authors: Choi Eunjung , Brown Randolph E. , Sullivan Malachy J. , Andrus Bruce W. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIntroductionEchocardiography is commonly performed in the evaluation of patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH). The report summary often serves to guide the future evaluation of these patients. Our aim was to explore the relationship between the echocardiography reports of patients with PH and referral to a PH specialty clinic.MethodsA random sample of 500 echocardiographic reports of patients with an estimated right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) greater than 40 mm Hg between 2006 and 2014 was selected from the institutional database of a single academic center. Referral to the PH clinic was determined by evaluating the electronic medical record. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify characteristics associated with referral.ResultsPulmonary hypertension was mentioned in 31% of the report summaries, and only 4.6% were referred to the PH clinic. Variables associated with referral were younger age, indication for echocardiography, higher right atrial and ventricular (RV) systolic pressures, RV dilatation, mention of PH in the summary, and higher left ventricular ejection fraction. Mention of PH in the summary was the variable most strongly associated with referral (adjusted odds ratio 4.6, 95% CI 1.5–14.2).ConclusionPulmonary hypertension was infrequently mentioned in the summary of echocardiography reports of patients with RVSP >40 mm Hg. Referral to the PH clinic was rare but occurred more often following the mention of PH in the summary. Explicit mention of the presence of PH in the echocardiography report summary may facilitate referral to a specialty clinic and allow more comprehensive evaluation of PH.
Banking business models and risk: Findings from the ECB's comprehensive assessment
Authors: Paladino Giovanna , Rotondi Zeno 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWe use the results of the ECB's comprehensive assessment to evaluate the importance of the bank business model on risk assessment and the persuasive effectiveness of different supervisory styles on banks’ recapitalization. Our analysis reveals inconsistencies in the information content provided by the various regulatory measures used for assessing bank stability. Moreover, opposite to CET1 ratio, the leverage ratio provides assessments on business models more consistent with a market‐based measure of bank risk exposure and Z‐SCORE. Accounting for several control variables both at the bank and country level, we also find evidence that the effectiveness of the supervisory action depends on the specific type of supervisory model. In particular, countries adopting the hybrid model seem more effective in persuading banks to recapitalize preventively. Differently, countries adopting the integrated and the sectorial model seem less effective in their requests.
Values of weedy regrowth for rainforest restoration
Authors: Catterall Carla P. 
Published: December 2019

SummaryCan weedy regrowth be sometimes useful in restoration? Former pastures, created historically by deforestation and other interventions but then retired from agricultural use, now provide a major opportunity for forest restoration. Globally, forest has begun to regenerate spontaneously at large scales on many such retired pasture lands. Additionally, non‐native species are increasingly often the first trees and shrubs to establish in this situation. Here, I consider the ecological processes that enable some of these species to be useful in restoring diverse rainforest communities of flora and fauna to disused pasture and other agricultural lands; in terms of both the generalised ecological mechanisms involved and specific cases in rainforest landscapes of eastern Australia. Ecological research has shown that regrowth trajectories which begin with dominance by non‐native trees and shrubs may of themselves sometimes transition over several decades towards dominance by native rainforest species, and that these novel ecosystems provide significant habitat for native fauna, as well as a range of ecosystem services. Their destruction in the name of weed control is likely to have an immediate adverse ecological impact. Alternatively, they could be managed and harnessed as a useful part of the practitioners' toolkit for rainforest restoration.
Staring into the abyss: A crisis of the rule of law in the EU
Authors: Smith Melanie 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAcceptance of the meaning, operation and enforcement of the rule of law in the EU by its Member States is critical to the Union's legitimacy. Any perceived or real crisis in the rule of law thus merits careful consideration. This article focuses on how a crisis in the rule of law occurred within the EU and how the intended ambiguity of the rule of law has entrenched this crisis. This article argues that the primary cause of the crisis has been the EU's development of a unique ideation of the rule of law ‐ as a constitutional norm, policy instrument and value ‐ that 'hollowed out' the rule of law from a constitutional principle to an expedient policy tool. The EU institutions have entrenched the crisis in the rule of law and then tried to manage the chasm between what it deems as respect for the rule of law and certain Member States' conduct.
Vulnerability as a normative argument for accommodating “justice” within the AFSJ
Authors: Ippolito Francesca 
Published: December 2019

AbstractVulnerability is a concept that stems from ethics and legal theory. It has progressively gained momentum in international human rights law, in particular in the European contextof the European Court of Human Rights adjudications. Also, the European Union is sensitive to it.By the introduction of competences in the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice (AFSJ) we are witnessing a progressive “vulnerabilisation” of EU law. This article intends in the first place to outline such a problematic notion and then to highlight the normative effects of vulnerability. In particular, this article will put forward the argument that such notion could serve to revamp the profile of “justice” of the AFSJ, which has been neglected so far, calling for the development of a more sophisticated ethics of State duties.
Skin lesion segmentation and classification: A unified framework of deep neural network features fusion and selection
Authors: Khan Muhammad Attique , Sharif Muhammad Imran , Raza Mudassar , Anjum Almas , Saba Tanzila , Shad Shafqat Ali 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAutomated skin lesion diagnosis from dermoscopic images is a difficult process due to several notable problems such as artefacts (hairs), irregularity, lesion shape, and irrelevant features extraction. These problems make the segmentation and classification process difficult. In this research, we proposed an optimized colour feature (OCF) of lesion segmentation and deep convolutional neural network (DCNN)‐based skin lesion classification. A hybrid technique is proposed to remove the artefacts and improve the lesion contrast. Then, colour segmentation technique is presented known as OCFs. The OCF approach is further improved by an existing saliency approach, which is fused by a novel pixel‐based method. A DCNN‐9 model is implemented to extract deep features and fused with OCFs by a novel parallel fusion approach. After this, a normal distribution‐based high‐ranking feature selection technique is utilized to select the most robust features for classification. The suggested method is evaluated on ISBI series (2016, 2017, and 2018) datasets. The experiments are performed in two steps and achieved average segmentation accuracy of more than 90% on selected datasets. Moreover, the achieve classification accuracy of 92.1%, 96.5%, and 85.1%, respectively, on all three datasets shows that the presented method has remarkable performance.
Effects of land cover type on community structure and functional traits of alpine stream benthic macroinvertebrates
Authors: Scotti Alberto , Füreder Leopold , Marsoner Thomas , Tappeiner Ulrike , Stawinoga Agnieszka E. , Bottarin Roberta 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

In the European Alps, due to the current changes in land use driven by different social and economic factors, grasslands and pastures are being increasingly replaced by forests. Whereas many studies have focused on the impacts of urbanisation and intensive agricultural activities, no study has evaluated the effects of changes among types of natural to semi‐natural land cover in the Alps with a focus on lotic environments.

Here, combining taxonomic and functional approaches, we show the effects of four different alpine land cover types (rocks, grasslands, coniferous forests, valley bottom pastures) on stream benthic macroinvertebrate communities. Irrespective of elevation, grasslands and pastures exhibited unpredicted similarity in terms of the composition of the macroinvertebrate assemblages and hosted the highest diversity of benthic organisms, whereas in each of the other land cover types, the density and diversity of the faunal assemblages showed distinct and characteristic values.

When analysing the functional diversity decomposed to richness, evenness, and divergence components, grasslands and pastures again showed a similar trend, being characterised by high levels of resource exploitation and niche differentiation, with the potential to host additional organisms. However, as expected, differences driven by land cover type and elevation emerged when examining the single functional traits, since elevation played a major role in terms of the distribution of traits conferring resistance and resilience.

Our results demonstrate that land cover type is a prominent factor influencing the taxonomic and functional variety of stream benthic macroinvertebrate communities. Moreover, alpine grasslands contained an unexpected diversity of aquatic insects, as previously assessed for other organisms (e.g. plants and snails). Overall, our study highlights the importance of the preservation of the diversity of habitats in the alpine region, with a special focus needed for valuable semi‐natural landscapes, such as grasslands and pastures, particularly in a time of increasing intensification and abandonment of lands in the alpine context.
Sea ice loss increases genetic isolation in a high Arctic ungulate metapopulation
Authors: Peeters Bart , Le Moullec Mathilde , Raeymaekers Joost A. M. , Marquez Jonatan F. , Røed Knut H. , Pedersen Åshild Ø. , Veiberg Vebjørn , Loe Leif Egil , Hansen Brage B. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractSea ice loss may have dramatic consequences for population connectivity, extinction–colonization dynamics, and even the persistence of Arctic species subject to climate change. This is of particular concern in face of additional anthropogenic stressors, such as overexploitation. In this study, we assess the population‐genetic implications of diminishing sea ice cover in the endemic, high Arctic Svalbard reindeer (Rangifer tarandus platyrhynchus) by analyzing the interactive effects of landscape barriers and reintroductions (following harvest‐induced extirpations) on their metapopulation genetic structure. We genotyped 411 wild reindeer from 25 sampling sites throughout the entire subspecies' range at 19 microsatellite loci. Bayesian clustering analysis showed a genetic structure composed of eight populations, of which two were admixed. Overall population genetic differentiation was high (mean FST = 0.21). Genetic diversity was low (allelic richness [AR] = 2.07–2.58; observed heterozygosity = 0.23–0.43) and declined toward the outer distribution range, where populations showed significant levels of inbreeding. Coalescent estimates of effective population sizes and migration rates revealed strong evolutionary source–sink dynamics with the central population as the main source. The population genetic structure was best explained by a landscape genetics model combining strong isolation by glaciers and open water, and high connectivity by dispersal across winter sea ice. However, the observed patterns of natural isolation were strongly modified by the signature of past harvest‐induced extirpations, subsequent reintroductions, and recent lack of sea ice. These results suggest that past and current anthropogenic drivers of metapopulation dynamics may have interactive effects on large‐scale ecological and evolutionary processes. Continued loss of sea ice as a dispersal corridor within and between island systems is expected to increase the genetic isolation of populations, and thus threaten the evolutionary potential and persistence of Arctic wildlife.
Spatio‐temporal pattern evolution and spatial spillover effect of green development efficiency: Evidence from Shandong Province, China
Authors: Guo Fuyou , Tong LianJun , Xu Limeng , Lu Xiao , Sheng Yanwen 
Published: December 2019

AbstractImproving green development efficiency is urgently required, yet challenging, since it comprehensively reflects the bidirectional evolutionary relationship between regional development and resource and environmental consumption. The issue of regional green development efficiency has become a key topic; however, where the increase in efficiency originates and its spatial spillover effect remains unclear to date. Therefore, the spatial spillover effect of the green development efficiency of Shandong Province was quantified through the slack variable (SBM)‐Undesirable and Spatial Durbin model. The green development efficiency showed clear spatial differentiation in Shandong Province. This was more obvious than the polarized development trend of the provincial capital circle that has Jinan at its core and the eastern coastal region with Qingdao at its core. Green development efficiency has a significant spatial spillover effect. The regression coefficient of the direct effect of the economic development level is positive. The regression coefficient of the indirect effect of the marketization level and government financial support level is negative. Science and technology played a positive role in the promotion of the green development efficiency of local and neighboring cities. This study contributes empirical evidence to the green development efficiency associated with regional development and resource and environment consumption of Shandong Province.
Migration: A theoretical comparison on countries’ welfare
Authors: Gabszewicz Jean , Zanaj Skerdilajda 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWe compare the effects of migration on the production of public goods, on income taxes, and on the welfare of residents in the sending and receiving countries. Migration is driven by income differences between countries. Alternative wage adjustment scenarios are considered: fully flexible wages, upward rigidity, and unemployment. We show that in all scenarios, emigration is detrimental to welfare for the origin country. Migration improves welfare for the destination country in the presence of flexible wages and upward rigidity, but it has detrimental effects in the presence of unemployment.