bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Urinalysis, but not blood biochemistry, detects the early renal-impairment in patients with COVID-19
Authors: Zhou Haifeng , Zhang Zili , Fan Heng , Li Junyi , Li Mingyue , Dong Yalan , Guo Weina , Lin Lan , Kang Zhenyu , Yu Ting , Tian Chunxia , Gui Yang , Qin Renjie , Wang Haijun , Luo Shanshan , Hu Desheng 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundIn December 2019, a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) caused infectious disease, termed COVID-19, outbroke in Wuhan, China. COVID-19 patients manifested as lung injury with complications in other organs, such as liver, heart, gastrointestinal tract, especially for severe cases. However, whether COVID-19 causes significant acute kidney injury (AKI) remained controversial.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics, urine and blood routine tests and other laboratory parameters of hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Wuhan Union Hospital.Findings178 patients, admitted to Wuhan Union hospital from February 02 to February 29, 2020, were included in this study. No patient (0 [0%]) presented increased serum creatinine (Scr), and 5 (2.8%) patients showed increased blood urea nitrogen (BUN), indicating few cases with “kidney dysfunction”. However,for patients (83) with no history of kidney disease who received routine urine test upon hospitalization, 45 (54.2%) patients displayed abnormality in urinalysis, such as proteinuria, hematuria and leukocyturia, while none of the patients was recorded to have acute kidney injury (AKI) throughout the study. Meanwhile, the patients with abnormal urinalysis usually had worse disease progression reflecting by laboratory parameters presentations, including markers of liver injury, inflammation, and coagulation.ConclusionMany patients manifested by abnormal urinalysis on admission, including proteinuria or hematuria. Our results revealed that urinalysis is better in unveiling potential kidney impairment of COVID-19 patients than blood chemistry test and urinalysis could be used to reflect and predict the disease severity. We therefore recommend pay more attention in urinalysis and kidney impairment in COVID-19 patients.
Core warming of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients undergoing mechanical ventilation – a protocol for a randomized controlled pilot study
Authors: Bonfanti Nathaniel , Gundert Emily , Goff Kristina , Drewry Anne M. , Bedimo Roger , Kulstad Erik 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the virus SARS-CoV-2, is spreading rapidly across the globe, with no proven effective therapy. Fever is seen in most cases of COVID-19, at least at the initial stages of illness. Although fever is typically treated (with antipyretics or directly with ice or other mechanical means), increasing data suggest that fever is a protective adaptive response that facilitates recovery from infectious illness.ObjectiveTo describe a randomized controlled pilot study of core warming patients with COVID-19 undergoing mechanical ventilation.MethodsThis prospective single-site randomized controlled pilot study will enroll 20 patients undergoing mechanical ventilation for respiratory failure due to COVID-19. Patients will be randomized 1:1 to standard-of-care or to receive core warming via an esophageal heat exchanger commonly utilized in critical care and surgical patients. The primary outcome is the severity of acute respiratory distress syndrome (as measured by PaO2/FiO2 ratio) at 0, 24, 48, and 72 hours after initiation of treatment. Secondary outcomes include hospital and intensive care unit length of stay, duration of mechanical ventilation, viral load, and 30-day mortality.ResultsResulting data will provide effect size estimates to guide a definitive multi-center randomized clinical trial. ClinicalTrials.gov registration number: NCT04426344.ConclusionsWith growing data to support clinical benefits of elevated temperature in infectious illness, this study will provide data to guide further understanding of the role of active temperature management in COVID-19 treatment and provide effect size estimates to power larger studies.
Genetic diversity ofAnopheles coustaniin high malaria transmission foci in southern and central Africa
Authors: Ciubotariu Ilinca I. , Jones Christine M. , Kobayashi Tamaki , Bobanga Thierry , Muleba Mbanga , Pringle Julia C. , Stevenson Jennifer C. , Carpi Giovanna , Norris Douglas E. ,   for the Southern and Central Africa International Centers of Excellence for Malaria Research
Published: April 2020

AbstractDespite ongoing malaria control efforts implemented throughout sub-Saharan Africa, malaria remains an enormous public health concern. Current interventions such as indoor residual spraying with insecticides and use of insecticide-treated bed nets are aimed at targeting the key malaria vectors that are primarily endophagic and endophilic. While these control measures have resulted in a substantial decline in malaria cases and continue to impact indoor transmission, the importance of alternative vectors for malaria transmission has been largely neglected.Anopheles coustani,an understudied vector of malaria, is a species previously thought to exhibit mostly zoophilic behavior. However, recent studies from across Africa bring to light the contribution of this and ecologically similar anopheline species to human malaria transmission. Like many of these understudied species,An. coustanihas greater anthropophilic tendencies than previously appreciated, is often both endophagic and exophagic, and carriesPlasmodium falciparumsporozoites. These recent developments highlight the need for more studies throughout the geographic range of this species and the potential need to control this vector. The aim of this study was to explore the genetic variation ofAn. coustanimosquitoes and the potential of thisAnophelesspecies to contribute to malaria parasite transmission in high transmission settings in Nchelenge District, Zambia, and the Kashobwe and Kilwa Health Zones in Haut-Katanga Province, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). Morphologically identifiedAn. coustanispecimens that were trapped outdoors in these study sites were analyzed by PCR and sequencing for species identification and blood meal sources, and malaria parasite infection was determined by ELISA and qPCR. Fifty specimens were confirmed to beAn. coustaniby the analysis of mitochondrial DNA cytochromecoxidase subunit I (COI) and ribosomal internal transcribed spacer region 2 (ITS2). Further, maximum likelihood phylogenetic analysis of COI and ITS2 sequences revealed two distinct phylogenetic groups within this relatively small regional collection. Our findings indicate that bothAn. coustanigroups have anthropophilic and exophagic habits and come into frequent contact withP. falciparum,suggesting that this potential alternative malaria vector might elude current vector controls in Northern Zambia and Southern DRC. This study sets the groundwork for more thorough investigations of bionomic characteristics and genetic diversity ofAn. coustaniand its contribution to malaria transmission in these regions.
Computational analysis suggests putative intermediate animal hosts of the SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Chu Peng , Zhou Zheng , Gao Zhichen , Cai Ruiqi , Wu Sijin , Sun Zhaolin , Chen Shuyuan , Yang Yongliang 
Published: April 2020

Disclaimer StatementThe authors have withdrawn their manuscript whilst they wish to perform additional experiments to validate their conclusions further. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as reference for the project. If you have any questions, please contact the corresponding author for more details.
The Mechanism of MICU-Dependent Gating of the Mitochondrial Ca2+Uniporter
Authors: Garg Vivek , Paranjpe Ishan , Unsulangi Tiffany , Suzuki Junji , Milescu Lorin S. , Kirichok Yuriy 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMitochondrial Ca2+uniporter (MCU) mediates mitochondrial Ca2+uptake, regulating ATP production and cell death. According to the existing paradigm, MCU is occluded at the resting cytosolic [Ca2+] and only opens above an ∼400 nM threshold. This Ca2+-dependent gating is putatively conferred by MICUs, EF hand-containing auxiliary subunits that block/unblock the MCU pore depending on cytosolic [Ca2+]. Here we provide the first direct, patch-clamp based analysis of the Ca2+-dependent MCU gating and the role played by MICUs. Surprisingly, MICUs do not occlude the MCU pore, and MCU is a constitutively active channel without cytosolic [Ca2+] activation threshold. Instead, MICUs potentiate MCU activity when cytosolic Ca2+binds to their EF hands. MICUs cause this potentiation by increasing the probability of open state of the MCU channel.One Sentence SummaryAuxiliary MICU subunits do not occlude the mitochondrial Ca2+uniporter (MCU) but increase its activity as cytosolic Ca2+is elevated.
Exploration of target spaces in the human genome for protein and peptide drugs
Authors: Liu Zhongyang , Li Honglei , Jin Zhaoyu , Li Yang , Guo Feifei , He Yangzhige , Liu Xinyue , Li Dong , He Fuchu 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMotivationProtein and peptide drugs, after decades of development have grown into a major drug class of the marketplace. Target identification and validation is crucial for their discovery, and bioinformatics estimation of candidate targets based on characteristics of successful target proteins will help improve efficiency and success rate of target selection. However, owing to the development history of the pharmaceutical industry, previous systematic exploration of target space mainly focused on traditional small-molecule drugs, whereas that for protein and peptide drugs is blank. Here we systematically explored target spaces in the human genome specially for protein and peptide drugs.ResultsWe found that compared with other proteins, targets of both successful protein and peptide drugs have their own characteristics in many aspects and are also significantly different from those of traditional small-molecule drugs. Further based on these features, we developed effective genome-wide target estimation models respectively for protein and peptide drugs.
Anin vitroovarian explant culture system to examine sex change in a hermaphroditic fish
Authors: Goikoetxea Alexander , Damsteegt Erin L , Todd Erica V , McNaughton Andrew , Gemmell Neil J , Lokman P Mark 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMany teleost fishes undergo natural sex change, and elucidating the physiological and molecular controls of this process offers unique opportunities not only to develop methods of controlling sex in aquaculture settings, but to better understand vertebrate sexual development more broadly. Induction of sex change in some sequentially hermaphroditic or gonochoristic fish can be achievedin vivothrough social manipulation, inhibition of aromatase activity, and steroid treatment. However, the induction of sex changein vitrohas been largely unexplored. In this study, we established anin vitroculture system for ovarian explants in serum-free medium for a model sequential hermaphrodite, the New Zealand spotty wrasse (Notolabrus celidotus). This culture technique enabled evaluating the effect of various treatments with 17β-estradiol (E2), 11-ketotestosterone (11KT) or cortisol (CORT) on spotty wrasse ovarian architecture for 21 days. A quantitative approach to measuring the degree of ovarian atresia within histological images was also developed, using pixel-based machine learning software. Ovarian atresia likely due to culture was observed across all treatments including no-hormone controls, but was minimised with treatment of at least 10 ng/mL E2. Neither 11KT nor CORT administration induced proliferation of spermatogonia (i.e. sex change) in the cultured ovaries indicating culture beyond 21 days may be needed to induce sex changein vitro. Thein vitrogonadal culture and analysis systems established here enable future studies investigating the paracrine role of sex steroids, glucocorticoids and a variety of other factors during gonadal sex change in fish.
Dual targeting of TatA points to a chloroplast-like Tat pathway in plant mitochondria
Authors: Bennewitz Bationa , Sharma Mayank , Tannert Franzisca , Klösgen Ralf Bernd 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe biogenesis of membrane-bound electron transport chains requires membrane translocation pathways for folded proteins carrying complex cofactors, like the Rieske Fe/S proteins. Two independent systems were developed during evolution, namely the Twin-arginine translocation (Tat) pathway, which is present in bacteria and chloroplasts, and the Bcs1 pathway found in mitochondria of yeast and mammals. Mitochondria of plants carry a Tat-like pathway which was hypothesized to operate with only two subunits, a TatB-like protein and a TatC homolog (OrfX), but lacking TatA. Here we show that the nuclearly encoded TatA has dual targeting properties, i.e., it can be imported into both, chloroplasts and mitochondria. Dual targeting of TatA was observed within organelloexperiments employing isolated chloroplasts and mitochondria as well as after transient expression of suitable reporter constructs in epidermal leaf cells. The extent of transport of these constructs into mitochondria of transiently transformed leaf cells was relatively low, causing a demand for highly sensitive methods to be detected, like thesasplitGFP approach. Yet, the dual import of TatA into mitochondria and chloroplasts observed here points to a common mechanism of Tat transport for folded proteins within both endosymbiotic organelles.
Causally Linking Neural Dominance to Perceptual Dominance in a Multisensory Conflict
Authors: Yun Kyongsik , Bhattacharya Joydeep , Sandkuhler Simone , Lin Yong-Jun , Iwaki Sunao , Shimojo Shinsuke 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWhen different senses are in conflict, one sense may dominate the perception of other sense, but it is not known whether the sensory cortex associated with the dominant modality exerts directional influence, at the functional brain level, over the sensory cortex associated with the dominated modality; in short, the link between sensory dominance and neuronal dominance is not established. In a task involving audio-visual conflict, using magnetoencephalography recordings in humans, we first demonstrated that the neuronal dominance – visual cortex being functionally influenced by the auditory cortex – was associated with the sensory dominance – participants’ visual perception being qualitatively altered by sound. Further, we found that prestimulus auditory-to-visual connectivity could predict the perceptual outcome on a trial-by-trial basis. Subsequently, we performed an effective connectivity-guided neurofeedback electroencephalography experiment and showed that participants who were briefly trained to increase the neuronal dominance from auditory to visual cortex also showed higher sensory, i.e. auditory, dominance during the conflict task immediately after the training. The results shed new light into the interactive neuronal nature of multisensory integration and open up exciting opportunities by enhancing or suppressing targeted mental functions subserved by effective connectivity.
Leveraging the triple helix model to upgrade the medical and aromatic plants value chain
Authors: Sultan Suhail 
Published: April 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this research paper is to explore innovation activity between the three institutional spheres of government, universities and industry in the Palestinian MAPs sector, with the aim of supporting the growth of the sector through the THM.Design/methodology/approachThe research study employed a qualitative exploratory design. Twelve semi-structured interviews were conducted with participants from the three spheres of the THM related to the agricultural sector. Content analysis was conducted on the data obtained from the interviews, followed by comparative analysis.FindingsSome elements of the THM are present in the Palestinian MAPs sector, but others are missing, preventing its success. An effective policy is an important prerequisite for a THM to survive and thrive. There is a need to clarify the rules of engagement in terms of collaboration between the three institutional spheres. To promote innovation in the sector, there is a need to empower the farmers and cooperatives, improve farming system efficiency, upgrade distributors to logistic service providers, and build hybrid processing models.Practical implicationsThe role of government is to apply policy to facilitate relations and exchanges between the three spheres. Industry possesses the motivation to invest in high-growth potential sectors. Universities could take the opportunity to establish its presence and fine-tune its portfolio of tasks so that industry is aware of these tasks and sees value in them.Originality/valueThe paper discusses the university–industry–government relationships in the framework of a developing and unstable economy such as Palestine.
Approaching multinationals in clusters from different perspectives
Authors: Hervas-Oliver Jose-Luis , Belussi Fiorenza , Sedita Silvia Rita , Caloffi Annalisa , Gonzalez-Alcaide Gregorio 
Published: April 2020

Purpose
For the specific topic of multinationals in clusters, both regional strands and international business and management literatures address the topic from different yet intertwined perspectives. This study aims to facilitate the integration of the conversations and the distinct literatures to produce a clear understanding and conceptualization of the existent knowledge on the topic, with the aim to foster an integration of those different lines of inquiry on the topic that can advance scholarly research and improve policymaking.

Design/methodology/approach
Mixing a robust and longitudinal bibliometric analysis (1992-2018) and a qualitative critical review, the study disentangles sub-conversations on the topic in each literature.

Findings
The study encounters commonalities that foster cross-fertilization and blind spots that prevent integration of findings from each literature.

Research limitations/implications
Both literatures need to cross-fertilize and integrate each other’s knowledge.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first to integrate literatures using bibliometrics, mapping the existing knowledge on two key areas of competitiveness: clusters and multinationals.
Do not expect others do what you should! Supply chain complexity and mitigation of the ripple effect of disruptions
Authors: Birkie Seyoum Eshetu , Trucco Paolo 
Published: April 2020

PurposeRecent studies have argued that companies may actively implement practices to mitigate disruptions in their supply chain and reduce the extent of damage on performance. Other studies have shown that disruptions may propagate in supply chains, leading to consequences that are more negative and raising doubts on the effectiveness of mitigation strategies implemented downstream. This study investigates the influence of supply chain complexity on the two phenomena and their interplay, taking a focal company's perspective.Design/methodology/approachA systematic procedure for data collection, encoding and aggregation based on incident data mainly from secondary sources was used. Multiple regression models were run to analyse direct and moderation effects involving resilience, distance of impact location from trigger point, and supply chain complexity on weighted performance change.FindingsSupply chain complexity is found to have positive moderation on the ripple effect of disruption. Resilience capability remains to have dominating direct positive effect in mitigating disruptions when supply chain complexity is taken into account.Research limitations/implicationsThis study extends the research discourse on supply chain resilience and disruption management with focus on the supply side. It demonstrates that, along with the severity of the disruption scenario, the ripple effect must also be considered when analyzing the benefits of resilience practices implemented by the focal company.Practical implicationsComplexity in the supply chain can only help to smooth-out the rippling effects of a disruption, which go largely beyond supply-demand unbalances and lead time fluctuations. To mitigate it better, the focal company has to act proactively with adequate resilience practices, which also connects to the importance of better visibility across multiple supply chain tiers.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first study that empirically tests the benefits of resilience practices and the ripple effect of disruptions under the moderation role of supply chain complexity.
Making a digital innovator: antecedents of innovativeness with digital technologies
Authors: Mancha Rubén , Shankaranarayanan G. 
Published: April 2020

PurposeTo compete in the current digital economy, organizations need a workforce capable of developing novel products/services using digital technologies to create value. The purpose of this study is to explore and understand the antecedents of digital innovativeness so that we can appropriately train the workforce.Design/methodology/approachThe authors theorize a model linking four individual characteristics (entrepreneurial orientation, digital literacy, entrepreneurial self-efficacy and digital technology self-efficacy) to digital innovativeness. They frame four hypotheses and validate them using a survey.FindingsThis study reveals that two antecedents of individual digital innovativeness linked to personal beliefs of competency are correlated to an individual's digital innovativeness. It also challenges long-held assumptions in technology education and industry by revealing that two other factors typically associated with digital innovativeness – basic digital literacy and entrepreneurial orientation – do not relate to the individual's digital innovativeness.Originality/valueWe believe that the study is the first of its kind to examine the antecedents of digital innovativeness with an eye on the characteristics necessary to innovate with digital technologies to create value. By hiring employees exhibiting high levels of these characteristics, promoting a culture of experimentation and educating its workforce to gain confidence in its abilities to execute and deploy digital technologies, organizations can secure their strategic position in a business landscape driven by digital innovations.