bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early Post-stroke Depressive Symptoms are Associated with Low Peripheral Levels of Soluble Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells-1 (sTREM-1) and Glial Cell-derived Neurotrophic Factor (GDNF)
Authors: Pedroso Vinicius S.P. , Vieira Érica L.M. , de Miranda Aline S. , Venna Venugopal R. , McCullough Louise D. , Teixeira Antonio L. 
Published: August 2020

Background:
Stroke is a major cause of death and disability worldwide. Among its complications,
post-stroke depression (PSD) leads to a significant burden. The diagnosis of PSD is complex,
and there are no biomarkers that can assist in its early identification and adequate management.

Objective:
The aim of the present study is to investigate peripheral biomarkers in the acute phase
of stroke and their potential association with depressive symptoms.

Methods:
We evaluated 60 patients in the acute phase of stroke by using standardized instruments
of psychiatric and neurological assessment (Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview-Plus-
MINI-Plus, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-HADS, and National Institutes of Health
Stroke Scale-NIHSS) and measured peripheral biomarkers.

Results:
In multivariate analysis, low peripheral levels of soluble triggering receptor expressed on
myeloid cells-1 (sTREM-1) and higher NIHSS scores were associated with PSD. The severity of
depressive symptoms was inversely correlated with sTREM-1 and glial cell-derived neurotrophic
factor (GDNF) levels.

Conclusion:
This is the first study indicating an association between sTREM-1 and PSD. Our results
may point to the involvement of glial mechanisms in the manifestation of depressive symptoms
after stroke.
Endogenous Bufadienolide, Blood Pressure and Alcohol Withdrawal
Authors: Kashkin Vladimir A. , Egorov Alexei Y. , Krupitsky Evgeniy M. , Bagrov Alexei Y. 
Published: August 2020

Background and Objective:
Previously, it was demonstrated that marinobufagenin
(MBG) is implicated in the development of ethanol withdrawal in rats. It has been shown that
ethanol withdrawal is associated with a pressor response in the alcoholics. We hypothesized that elevated
levels of sodium pump ligand, MBG, would underline the increase in systolic blood pressure
during alcohol withdrawal in humans.

Methods:
The cohort included 9 patients with the diagnosis “alcohol dependence syndrome”
(F10.(1-3) according to ICD-10). The blood samples for measurement of MBG concentration were
collected from the subjects on the first day of withdrawal and after 7 days treatment of the abstinence.
Arterial blood pressure was measured via plethysmography at the same time points.

Results:
The beginning of the alcoholic abstinence was associated with the rise of arterial blood
pressure with enhanced levels of plasma MBG. At day 7 following withdrawal, the systolic blood
pressure and MBG levels were decreased to normal values.

Conclusion:
The development of alcohol withdrawal is accompanied by an increase in arterial
blood pressure, which is associated with increased plasma MBG concentration.
The Learning-based Automatic Segmentation Algorithm of Brain MR Images Based on 7T
Authors: Deng Minghui , Zhenhao Jin , Yu Ran , Zeng Qingshuang 
Published: August 2020

Background:
The learning-based algorithms provide an ability to automatically estimate
and refine GM, WM and CSF. The ground truth manually achieved from the 3T MR image
may not be accurate and reliable with poor image intensity contrast. It will seriously influence the
classification performance because the supervised learning-based algorithms extremely rely on the
ground truth. Recently, the 7T MR images brings about the excellent image intensity contrast,
while Structured Random Forest (SRF) performs the pixel-level classification and achieves structural
and contextual information in images.

Materials and Methods:
In this paper, a automatic segmentation algorithm is proposed based on
ground truth achieved by the corresponding 7T subjects for segmenting the 3T&1.5T brain tissues
using SRF classifiers. Through taking advantage of the 7T brain MR images, we can achieve the
highly accuracy and reliable ground truth and then implement the training of SRF classifiers. Our
proposed algorithm effectively integrates the T1-weighed images along with the probability maps
to train the SRF classifiers for brain tissue segmentation.

Results:
Specifically, for the mean Dice ratio of all 10 subjects, the proposed method achieved
95.14%±0.9%, 90.17%±1.83%, and 81.96%±4.32% for WM, GM, and CSF. With the experiment
results, the proposed algorithm can achieve better performances than other automatic segmentation
methods. Further experiments are performed on the 200 3T&1.5T brain MR images of ADNI dataset
and our proposed method shows promised performances.

Conclusions:
The authors have developed and validated a novel fully automated method for 3T
brain MR image segmentation.
Osteosarcoma of the Jaws: A Literature Review
Authors: Ricotta Francesco , Bassi Massimo , Tomasetti Nicola , Campobassi Angelo , Maiolo Vincenzo , Bertoni Franco , Bacchini Patrizia , Marchetti Claudio , Tarsitano Achille 
Published: August 2020

:
Osteosarcoma of the jaws (OSJ) is a relatively rare disease, accounting for between 2%
and 10% of all cases of osteosarcoma. It is morphologically and radiologically identical to the
trunk and extremity variant, but distinct in several crucial aspects.

:
The lesion is characterized by sarcomatous cells which produce a variable amount of osteoid bone.
It arises centrally within the bone and can be subdivided into osteoblastic, chondroblastic and fibroblastic
subtype, depending on the predominant cell type.

:
Radiographically, these tumors display a spectrum of bone changes from well-demarcated borders
to lytic bone destruction with indefinite margins and variable cortical bone erosion or, in some cases,
images of sclerotic bone.

:
Therapeutic options for OSJ include surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, which are employed
according to age of the patient, histological classification and localization of the tumor. Today,
there is no general consensus in the treatment guidelines for the OSJ though surgery represents the
key to the treatment. The main prognostic factor deeply influencing the patient’s prognosis remains
the complete tumor resection with negative surgical margins.

:
The aim of the present review is to describe state of the art regarding diagnostic and surgical treatment
aspects of the primary osteosarcoma of the jaws.
In Silico Molecular Interaction Studies of Chitosan Polymer with Aromatase Inhibitor: Leads to Letrozole Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Breast Cancer
Authors: Mishra Keerti , Verma Sant K. , Ratre Pooja , Banjare Laxmi , Jain Abhishek , Thareja Suresh , Jain Akhlesh K. 
Published: August 2020

Background:
It takes a lot more studies to evaluate the molecular interaction of nanoparticles with
the drug, their drug delivery potential and release kinetics. Thus, we have taken in silico and in vitro approaches
into account for the evaluation of the drug delivery ability of the chitosan nanoparticles.

Objective:
The present work was aimed to study the interaction of chitosan nanoparticles with appropriate
aromatase inhibitors using in silico tools. Further, synthesis and characterization of chitosan nanoparticles
having optimal binding energy and affinity between drug and polymer in terms of size, encapsulation efficiency
were carried out.

Methods:
In the current study, molecular docking was used to map the molecular interactions and estimation of
binding energy involved between the nanoparticles and the drug molecules in silico. Letrozole is used as a
model cytotoxic agent currently being used clinically; hence Letrozole loaded chitosan nanoparticles were
formulated and characterized using photomicroscope, particle size analyzer, scanning electron microscope and
fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy.

Results:
Letrozole had the second highest binding affinity within the core of chitosan with MolDock (-102.470) and Rerank (-81.084) scores. Further, it was investigated that formulated nanoparticles were having superior drug loading capacity
and high encapsulation efficiency. In vitro drug release study exhibited prolonged release of the drug from chitosan
nanoparticles.

Conclusion:
Results obtained from the in silico and in vitro studies suggest that Letrozole loaded nanoparticles are ideal for
breast cancer treatment.
A Systematic Review on the Role of Arachidonic Acid Pathway in Multiple
Sclerosis
Authors: Hoxha Malvina , Spahiu Erila , Prendi Emanuela , Zappacosta Bruno 
Published: August 2020

Background & Objective:
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory neurodegenerative disease characterized
by destruction of oligodendrocytes, immune cell infiltration and demyelination. Inflammation plays a significant role in MS,
and the inflammatory mediators such as eicosanoids, leukotrienes, superoxide radicals are involved in pro-inflammatory responses in MS. In this systematic review we tried to define and discuss all the findings of in vivo animal studies and human
clinical trials on the potential association between arachidonic acid (AA) pathway and multiple sclerosis.

Methods:
A systematic literature search across Pubmed, Scopus, Embase and Cochrane database was conducted. This systematic review was performed according to PRISMA guidelines.

Results:
A total of 146 studies were included, of which 34 were conducted in animals, 58 in humans, and 60 studies reported the role of different compounds that target AA mediators or their corresponding enzymes/ receptors, and can have a therapeutic effect in MS. These results suggest that eicosanoids have significant roles in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and MS. The data from animal and human studies elucidated that PGI2, PGF2α, PGD2, isoprostanes, PGE2,
PLA2, LTs are increased in MS. PLA2 inhibition modulates the progression of the disease. PGE1 analogues can be a useful
option in the treatment of MS.

Conclusions:
All studies reported the beneficial effects of COX and LOX inhibitors in MS. The hybrid compounds, such as
COX-2 inhibitors/TP antagonists and 5-LOX inhibitors can be an innovative approach for multiple sclerosis treatment. Future work in MS should shed light in synthesizing new compounds targeting arachidonic acid pathway.
False Positive of 68Ga-DOTATATE PET-CT in a Paraganglioma
Authors: Zampetti Benedetta , Attanasio Roberto , Boniardi Marco , Cozzi Renato 
Published: August 2020

Background:
Functional imaging with 68Ga-DOTATATE PET-CT is widely employed
to detect both primary and metastatic pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PGL), but its results
may be occasionally misleading as in the case here reported.

Case Presentation:
We report here a 75-year-old woman with an interaortocaval PGL that was diagnosed
after a hypertensive crisis occurring during the resection of a kidney tumor. 68Ga-DOTATATE
PET-CT disclosed pathologic uptake in the abdomen and at the iliac crest. After the resection
of the abdominal tumor, with the histological confirmation of PGL, arterial blood pressure and
metanephrine levels were normalized. Genetic testing was negative. Thereafter, the bone lesion increased
in size and became painful, requiring multiple medications. A selective biopsy disclosed a
metastatic lesion arising from the renal tumor.

Conclusion:
The false-positive result of 68Ga-DOTATATE PET-CT is discussed.
Exploring the Effect of Terminalia catappa Fruit Extract in Rheumatoid Arthritis: An Evaluation of Behavioural, Hematologiocal and Histopathological Parameters
Authors: Behl Tapan , Makkar Rashita , Arora Sandeep 
Published: August 2020

Background and Objective:
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized
by failure of spontaneous resolution of inflammation with lifetime perseverance, becoming
principal cause of inactivity. Many conventional therapies are in use but the side effects associated
with them are equally problematic. Therefore, an urge to explore advanced therapeutic approaches
with least adverse events has seeded the idea of discovering newer herbal drugs and their
respective constituents in management of RA. The current research explores anti-arthritic activity
of Terminalia catappa fruits hydroalcoholic extract in CFA induced Wistar rats.

Methods:
The fruits were obtained, washed, dried and processed to obtain hydroalcoholic powdered
extract which was dissolved in water and given orally to the rats. Wistar rats of either sex
were used in the study. The animals were injected with 0.1 ml of complete freund’s adjuvant (CFA)
in footpad of left hind paw. The treatment was initiated from day 0 by oral dosing of Terminalia
catappa fruit extract in doses of 40 mg/kg and 80 mg/kg followed by CFA administration to
day 21 and behavioral, hematological parameters besides histopathological screening were assessed
simultaneously.

Results:
The arthritic symptoms were observed to gradually decrease in treatment groups when
compared against disease control groups. The parameters like body weight and pain latency were
increased whereas paw volume and arthritic score were found to significantly decrease in treatment
groups as compared to disease control group. The hematological parameters were also modified
and were studied in treatment groups. The histopathological estimation depicted extent of damage
in joint tissue of diseased rat comparable to normal, standard and combination therapy group.

Conclusion:
The fruits possess anti-arthritic properties and significantly reduced paw volume,
arthritic score and increased pain threshold and body weight gain besides theory hematological effects
like increase in Hb and RBC and decrease in WBC, platelets and ESR levels simultaneously.
The histopathological estimation confirmed decreased deterioration of joint tissue in treatment
groups as compared to disease control group hence proving to be an emerging therapeutic option in
management of RA.
Enhancement of Folliculogenesis by Fresh Onion Juice in a Rat Model
Authors: Yılmaz Nafiye , Yorgancı Ayçağ , İnal Hasan Ali , Seven Banu , Timur Hakan , Kalem Müberra Namlı , Kalem Ziya , Han Özge , Bilezikçi Banu 
Published: August 2020

Aim:
To evaluate the effects of fresh onion juice on female infertility.

Background:
Onion contains several antioxidants and has been used for the subfertile woman to
achieve pregnancy by herbalists.

Objective:
This study was carried out to investigate the effects of fresh onion juice on ovarian folliculogenesis
and implantation in rats.

Methods:
Female albino rats were divided into two groups: 5-day (one estrus cycle) and 10-day
treatment (two estrus cycles) groups. The animals in the two groups were then divided into subgroups
of the control group, 1 cc onion juice and 2 cc onion juice, each containing seven rats. At
the end of the 5th and 10th days, ovarian volume and weight were measured, and the primordial, antral,
and atretic follicles, and corpus lutea were counted. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)
and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) were evaluated both in the ovaries and in the endometrium
immunohistochemically.

Results:
In the 5-day treatment group, ovarian weight and the antral follicle count were significantly
higher in the 2 cc onion juice subgroup than the control group (p<0.05). In the 10-day treatment
group, the antral follicle count was significantly higher both in 1cc and 2cc onion juice subgroups
than the control group (p<0.05). There was also increased ovarian stromal VEGF in the 10-day 1cc
onion juice subgroup (p<0.05).

Conclusion:
The results of our study showed that fresh onion juice could increase the number of
antral follicles, which is an indicator of enhanced folliculogenesis.
Conductivity, Dielectric and Modulus Study of NH4PF6 Based Zwitterionic Polymer Electrolyte
Authors: Kumar Manindra , Srivastava Neelabh 
Published: August 2020

Background and Objective:Zwitterionic polymer electrolyte has been successfully synthesized using NH4PF6salt. The conductivity of the synthesized polymer membrane is found to be of the order of 10-3Scm-1. Dielectric and Modulus properties of the polymer electrolyte have also been studied which shows well relaxation peaks with both temperature and salt concentrations.Result:Debye type relaxation behavior has observed from the electric modulus.Conclusion:Frequency dependent conductivity data (fitted with Jonscher’s power law equation) confirmed the presence of NCL/SLPL type behavior in the studied frequency range.
LWT-DCT based Image Watermarking Scheme using Normalized SVD
Authors: Dixit Rahul , Nandal Amita , Dhaka Arvind , Agarwal Vardan , Kuriakose Yohan Varghese 
Published: August 2020

Background:
Nowadays information security is one of the biggest issues of social networks. The multimedia
data can be tampered with, and the attackers can then claim its ownership. Image watermarking is a technique that is used
for copyright protection and authentication of multimedia.

Objective:
We aim to create a new and more robust image watermarking technique to prevent illegal copying, editing and
distribution of media.

Method :
The watermarking technique proposed in this paper is non-blind and employs Lifting Wavelet Transform on the
cover image to decompose the image into four coefficient matrices. Then Discrete Cosine Transform is applied which
separates a selected coefficient matrix into different frequencies and later Singular Value Decomposition is applied. Singular Value Decomposition is also applied to the watermarking image and it is added to the singular matrix of the cover
image which is then normalized followed by the inverse Singular Value Decomposition, inverse Discrete Cosine Transform and inverse Lifting Wavelet Transform respectively to obtain an embedded image. Normalization is proposed as an
alternative to the traditional scaling factor.

Results:
Our technique is tested against attacks like rotation, resizing, cropping, noise addition and filtering. The performance comparison is evaluated based on Peak Signal to Noise Ratio, Structural Similarity Index Measure, and Normalized Cross-Correlation.

Conclusion:
The experimental results prove that the proposed method performs better than other state-of-the-art techniques and can be used to protect multimedia ownership.
A Simulated Graphical Interface for Integrating Patient-Generated Health Data From Smartwatches With Electronic Health Records: Usability Study
Authors: Alpert Jordan M , Kota Naga S Prabhakar , Ranka Sanjay , Mendoza Tonatiuh V , Solberg Laurence M , Rashidi Parisa , Manini Todd M 
Published: August 2020

BackgroundWearable technology, such as smartwatches, can capture valuable patient-generated data and help inform patient care. Electronic health records provide logical and practical platforms for including such data, but it is necessary to evaluate the way the data are presented and visualized.ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to evaluate a graphical interface that displays patients’ health data from smartwatches, mimicking the integration within the environment of electronic health records.MethodsA total of 12 health care professionals evaluated a simulated interface using a usability scale questionnaire, testing the clarity of the interface, colors, usefulness of information, navigation, and readability of text.ResultsThe interface was positively received, with 14 out of the 16 questions generating a score of 5 or greater among at least 75% of participants (9/12). On an 8-point Likert scale, the highest rated features of the interface were quick turnaround times (mean score 7.1), readability of the text (mean score 6.8), and use of terminology/abbreviations (mean score 6.75).ConclusionsCollaborating with health care professionals to develop and refine a graphical interface for visualizing patients’ health data from smartwatches revealed that the key elements of the interface were acceptable. The implementation of such data from smartwatches and other mobile devices within electronic health records should consider the opinions of key stakeholders as the development of this platform progresses.
Modalidade e identificação na construção discursiva dos direitos humanos na contemporaneidade
Authors: Cavalcanti Maria Clara Gomes Mathias 
Published: August 2020

O estudo aqui proposto volta-se para a análise discursiva das formas de identificação emergentes em textos representativos da lei sobre direitos humanos e emblemáticos das lutas institucionais pela sua efetivação. Para tanto, examina-se a categoria modalidade, enquanto indício a partir do qual um usuário da linguagem participa (se engaja) em sua mensagem, expressando atitudes e julgamentos de vários tipos (EGGINS, 1994). Toma-se como referencial teórico a Análise de Discurso Crítica, de Norman Fairclough (1992; 2003), em sua operacionalização dos postulados da Linguística Sistêmico Funcional, de Halliday (1994), para um enquadre da linguagem como parte irredutível da vida social. Os dados analisados apontam que as formas de modalidade empregadas nos textos normativos, de natureza prescritiva, denotam um processo de esvaziamento da figura do sujeito. Afirmações peremptórias, vedações e cometimentos condizem com a construção de um regime de verdade, uma ordem mandamental cuja legitimidade última radica-se em uma verdade absoluta, uma ontologia. O efeito ideológico mais significativo é de objetividade e naturalização, como fundamentos para uma representatividade máxima. Já os textos que consubstanciam a luta por direitos, exibem marcas linguísticas de subjetividade (verbos em primeira pessoa e indicativos de processos mentais, advérbios intensificadores), tornando-os mais assumidamente políticos, designando os agentes históricos envolvidos nos processos de construção de sentidos para direitos humanos.
Editorial Número 218
Authors: Silva Camarena Juan Manuel 
Published: August 2020

<p>Averiguar lo que es la investigación da lugar a una extraña indagación. Tal vez lo más raro de esta averiguación resalte cuando se advierta que ella podría terminar con una pregunta más que con una respuesta. De todos modos, vamos a pensar el asunto. Un día aprendimos a caminar, y a partir de entonces no hemos parado de ir de un lado a otro. Quizá hemos hecho una pausa obligada por la incapacidad temporal de una pierna o un pie. Caminamos cuando se esperaba que lo hiciéramos según nuestra edad, nuestro coeficiente de inteligencia y nuestro desarrollo motor. O tardamos mucho en hacerlo. Pero todos los hombres aprendemos a caminar, después de haber gateado suficiente o escasamente. Cuando ya lo hemos aprendido, no resta más que caminar. Un día nos pusimos a caminar y ya no hubo necesidad de aprender nada al respecto. La habilidad para caminar se demuestra andando. ¿Y la de investigar? ¿Quién nos enseña a investigar, y cuándo podemos decir que ya sabemos hacerlo?</p>