bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Luminescence properties and dating of glacial to periglacial sediments from northern Switzerland
Authors: Mueller Daniela , Preusser Frank , Buechi Marius W. , Gegg Lukas , Deplazes Gaudenz 
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Luminescence dating has become a pillar of the understanding of
Pleistocene glacial advances in the northern foreland of the Swiss Alps.
However, both quartz and feldspar from the region are equally challenging as
dosimeters with anomalous fading and partial bleaching being some of the
obstacles to overcome for the establishment of decisive chronologies. In
this study, luminescence properties of coarse- and fine-grained quartz,
feldspar, and polymineral fractions of eight samples from a palaeovalley,
Rinikerfeld in northern Switzerland, are systematically assessed. Standard
performance tests are conducted on all four fractions. Deconvolution of
luminescence signals of the quartz fractions is implemented and shows the
dominance of stable fast components. Reader-specific low preheat
temperatures are investigated on the infrared stimulated luminescence (IRSL)
signal of feldspar. Thermal stability of this signal is found for low
preheats, and thermal quenching could be excluded for higher preheats.
However, anomalous fading is observed in the feldspar and polymineral IRSL
signals and two correction approaches are applied. For one approach, fading
corrected coarse-grained feldspar ages are consistent with those derived
from quartz. In general, coarse-grained quartz and feldspar, as well as the
fine-grained polymineral fraction of one sample, are in chrono-stratigraphic
agreement and present negligible evidence for partial bleaching. However,
ages derived from fine-grained quartz are found to underestimate those of
the coarse-grained quartz fractions. Hence, the impact of alpha efficiency
and water content on the dose rate and thus the ages are assessed. A
finite explanation for the observed discrepancies remains lacking, but this
systematic investigation of different luminescence signals allows for the
establishment of a chronology for the palaeovalley fill dating back to at
least Marine Isotope Stage 6 (MIS 6).
Evaluation of a new snow albedo scheme for the Greenland ice sheet in the Regional Atmospheric Climate Model (RACMO2)
Authors: van Dalum Christiaan T. , van de Berg Willem Jan , Lhermitte Stef , van den Broeke Michiel R. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Snow and ice albedo schemes in present-day climate models often lack a sophisticated radiation penetration scheme and do not explicitly include spectral albedo variations.
In this study, we evaluate a new snow albedo scheme in the Regional Atmospheric Climate Model (RACMO2) for the Greenland ice sheet, version 2.3p3, that includes these processes.
The new albedo scheme uses the Two-streAm Radiative TransfEr in Snow (TARTES) model and the Spectral-to-NarrOWBand ALbedo (SNOWBAL) module, version 1.2. Additionally, the bare-ice albedo parameterization has been updated. The snow and ice broadband and narrowband albedo output of the updated version of RACMO2 is evaluated using the Programme for Monitoring of the Greenland Ice Sheet (PROMICE) and Kangerlussuaq transect (K-transect) in situ data and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) remote-sensing observations. Generally, the modeled narrowband and broadband albedo is in very good agreement with satellite observations, leading to a negligible domain-averaged broadband albedo bias for the interior. Some discrepancies are, however, observed close to the ice margin. Compared to the previous model version, RACMO2.3p2, the broadband albedo is considerably higher in the bare-ice zone during the ablation season, as atmospheric conditions now alter the bare-ice broadband albedo. For most other regions, however, the updated broadband albedo is lower due to spectral effects, radiation penetration or enhanced snow metamorphism.
Frequency, acceptability, and selection: A case study of clause-embedding
Authors: White Aaron Steven , Rawlins Kyle 
Published: November 2020

We investigate the relationship between the frequency with which verbs are found in particular subcategorization frames and the acceptability of those verbs in those frames, focusing in particular on subordinate clause-taking verbs, such as think, want, and tell. We show that verbs’ subcategorization frame frequency distributions are poor predictors of their acceptability in those frames—explaining, at best, less than ⅓ of the total information about acceptability across the lexicon—and, further, that common matrix factorization techniques used to model the acquisition of verbs’ acceptability in subcategorization frames fare only marginally better.
Freudenthal fantasy on the bus, an American adaptation
Authors: Kerekes Judit , Jakab Tünde 
Published: November 2020

In the 1960’s two mathematicians, Hans Freudenthal in the Netherlands and Tamás Varga in Hungary, had argued that people learn mathematics by being actively involved and investigating realistic mathematical problems. Their method lives on in today’s teaching and learning through the various components of cooperative and active learning, by taking ownership in learning, and learning through student dialogue. The goal is to create a welcoming classroom atmosphere in which play takes the front seat. One such scenario is visiting various (animal) stations at the zoo by bus (illustrated by pictures). Passengers are getting on and off the bus at each station (illustrated by arrows), which is modeled on the open number line. This adapted and modified action research was carried out with 5-yearl-old children in public schools of Staten Island, NY in 2019.
Subject Classification: 97D40, 97F20, 97F30
Better understanding mathematics by algorithmic thinking and computer programming
Authors: Fried Katalin , Fekete István , Princz Péter 
Published: November 2020

Tamás Varga’s mathematics education experiment covered not just mathematics, but also other related topics. In many of his works he clearly stated that computer science can support the understanding of mathematics as much as mathematics supports informatics. On the other hand, not much later than the introduction of the new curriculum in 1978, personal computers started to spread, making it possible to teach informatics in classes and in extracurricular activities. Varga’s guided discovery approach has a didactic value for other age groups as well, not only in primary school. Its long-lasting effect can be observed even in present times. Having reviewed several educational results in the spirit of Tamás Varga, we have decided to present an extracurricular course. It is an open study group for age 12-18. Students solve problems by developing Python programs and, according to our experiences, this results in a deeper understanding of mathematical concepts.
Subject Classification: 97B10, 97B20, 97D50, 97N80, 97P20, 97P30, 97P40, 97P50, 97U70
Bouwbesluit 2012 en Bbl: bouwen op een duurzaam fundament
Authors: Franken A. (Anneke) , Koolen H. (Hans) 
Published: November 2020

Bouwbesluit 2012 en Bbl: bouwen op een duurzaam fundament
In dit artikel wordt het juridisch kader van de belangrijkste aspecten van het Bouwbesluit 2012 (Bb) gegeven. In het artikel gaan auteurs in op de oorsprong en grondslag van het Bb (par. 2), de hoofdstukindeling, de begrippen en de verschillende gebruiksfuncties in het Bb (par. 3), de (minimum)eisen en de beschermingsniveaus (par. 4), het instrument gebruiksmelding (par. 5), de mogelijkheden van een gelijkwaardige oplossing (par. 6), de opbouw en systematiek van de functionele eisen en de prestatie-eisen (par. 7), bouw- en sloopwerkzaamheden in het Bb (par. 8), handhaving (par. 9), overgangsrecht (par. 10) en de verhouding tot de Wabo en de Wet kwaliteitsborging voor het bouwen (par. 11). Ook wordt ingegaan op de toekomst van het Bb onder de Omgevingswet (par. 12).
De zoektocht naar de bevoegde rechter bij besluiten van de centrale overheid
Authors: Gierveld H.A.J. (Henk) 
Published: November 2020

De zoektocht naar de bevoegde rechter bij besluiten van de centrale overheid
In dit artikel gaat auteur in op het leerstuk van de relatieve competentie bij een door de minister vastgesteld beheerplan op grond van de Wet natuurbescherming en een door de minister vastgesteld peilbesluit op grond van de Waterwet
Targeted Next-Generation Sequencing Identifies Molecular and Genetic Events in Dedifferentiated Chondrosarcoma
Authors: Lucas Calixto-Hope G. , Grenert James P. , Horvai Andrew 
Published: November 2020

Context.—
Dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma is a rare adult bone tumor with a dismal prognosis and is composed of a conventional chondrosarcoma juxtaposed to high-grade nonchondrogenic sarcoma. Dedifferentiated chondrosarcomas may represent tumor progression from a differentiated to a primitive histotype.

Objective.—
To determine the genetic and molecular events that drive progression from a conventional chondrosarcoma to high grade nonchondrogenic sarcoma.

Design.—
We analyzed the genomic landscape of paired conventional and dedifferentiated components of 11 dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma using targeted next-generation DNA sequencing with immunohistochemical validation. Clinical, radiographic, and pathologic features of tumors were reviewed. Capture-based DNA sequencing targeting the coding regions of 479 cancer genes and select introns was performed.

Results.—
The tumors arose in the femur (n = 4; 36%), scapula (n = 3; 27%), pelvis (n = 3; 27%), and humerus (n = 1; 9%) of 7 men (64%) and 4 women (36%; median age, 61 years). DNA was adequate for sequencing from all 11 dedifferentiated components (100%) and 9 paired conventional chondrosarcoma components (82%). All tumors (100%) harbored either IDH1 p.R132 or IDH2 p.R172S hotspot mutations. Seven tumors (64%) displayed COL2A1 alterations. TERT promoter mutations were present in 5 of 9 pairs (56%) and 2 (22%) additional unpaired dedifferentiated components. IDH1/2, COL2A1, and TERT mutations were identical in both components of the paired samples. Pathogenic missense or truncating mutations in TP53 and large-scale copy number alterations were more common in dedifferentiated components than in those of matched conventional components.

Conclusions.—
The results support IDH1/2, COL2A1, and TERT promoter mutations being common in dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma and as likely early events in progression, whereas inactivating mutation of TP53 and high-level copy number alterations may be later events in the dedifferentiated phenotype.
Prognostic model of invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast based on differentially expressed glycolysis-related genes
Authors: Li Xiaoping , Yu Qihe , Chen Jishang , Huang Hui , Liu Zhuangsheng , Wang Chengxing , He Yaoming , Zhang Xin , Li Weiwen , Li Chao , Zhao Jinglin , Long Wansheng 
Published: November 2020

Background
Invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) is a common pathological type of breast cancer that is characterized by high malignancy and rapid progression. Upregulation of glycolysis is a hallmark of tumor growth, and correlates with the progression of breast cancer. We aimed to establish a model to predict the prognosis of patients with breast IDC based on differentially expressed glycolysis-related genes (DEGRGs).

Methods
Transcriptome data and clinical data of patients with breast IDC were from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Glycolysis-related gene sets and pathways were from the Molecular Signatures Database (MSigDB). DEGRGs were identified by comparison of tumor tissues and adjacent normal tissues. Univariate Cox regression and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression were used to screen for DEGRGs with prognostic value. A risk-scoring model based on DEGRGs related to prognosis was constructed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and calculation of the area under the curve (AUC) were used to evaluate the performance of the model. The model was verified in different clinical subgroups using an external dataset (GSE131769). A nomogram that included clinical indicators and risk scores was established. Gene function enrichment analysis was performed, and a protein-protein interaction network was developed.

Results
We analyzed data from 772 tumors and 88 adjacent normal tissues from the TCGA database and identified 286 glycolysis-related genes from the MSigDB. There were 185 DEGRGs. Univariate Cox regression and LASSO regression indicated that 13 of these genes were related to prognosis. A risk-scoring model based on these 13 DEGRGs allowed classification of patients as high-risk or low-risk according to median score. The duration of overall survival (OS) was longer in the low-risk group (P < 0.001), and the AUC was 0.755 for 3-year OS and 0.726 for 5-year OS. The results were similar when using the GEO data set for external validation (AUC for 3-year OS: 0.731, AUC for 5-year OS: 0.728). Subgroup analysis showed there were significant differences in OS among high-risk and low-risk patients in different subgroups (T1-2, T3-4, N0, N1-3, M0, TNBC, non-TNBC; all P < 0.01). The C-index was 0.824, and the AUC was 0.842 for 3-year OS and 0.808 for 5-year OS from the nomogram. Functional enrichment analysis demonstrated the DEGRGs were mainly involved in regulating biological functions.

Conclusions
Our prognostic model, based on 13 DEGRGs, had excellent performance in predicting the survival of patients with IDC of the breast. These DEGRGs appear to have important biological functions in the progression of this cancer.
Far‐Ultraviolet Spectroscopy in the Solid and Liquid States, Principle, Instrumentation, and Application
Authors: Morisawa Yusuke , Tanabe Ichiro , Ozaki Yukihiro 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis article outlines the recent progress inultraviolet(UV) spectroscopy in the 140–280 nm region of solid and liquid phases. In this article, we refer to the 120–200 nm region as thefar ultraviolet(FUV) region. The word ‘vacuum UV region’ is not appropriate any more at least for the 120–200 nm region because a vacuum evaporation system is not always required, but a nitrogen gas‐purged system is often sufficient. FUV spectroscopy is concerned with electronic transitions of a molecule, but the absorptivity is very high in the FUV region, and therefore, this region has been employed to investigate mainly for the electronic states and structure of gas molecules. To observe the spectra of solid samples in the FUV region, reflection spectroscopy has been used. However, for liquid samples, in general, it is very difficult to use either absorption spectroscopy or reflection spectroscopy. Accordingly, FUV spectroscopy for liquid samples has almost been an undeveloped research area. To solve these difficulties in FUV spectroscopy, we have recently developed a totally new FUV spectrometer based on theattenuated total reflection(ATR) technique that enables us to measure the spectra of liquid and solid samples in the 140–280 nm region. This spectrometer has opened up a new era of FUV spectroscopy. This article consists of seven parts: (i) introduction to FUV spectroscopy, (ii) characteristics and advantages of FUV spectroscopy for the study of liquids and solids, (iii) development of new FUV spectrometers, (iv) FUV studies of liquid water and aqueous solutions, (v) FUV spectra of organic molecules in the liquid states, (vi) Classification of polymer thin films using FUV spectroscopy, (vii) FUV spectroscopy applied for photocatalysis, (viii) Structure of water adsorbed on an aluminum surface studied by variable angle‐ATR–FUV technique, and (ix)time‐resolved(TR) FUV spectroscopy. This article demonstrates that FUV holds considerable promise not only in basic science but also in applications such as qualitative and quantitative analyses, online monitoring, environmental geochemical analysis, and surface analysis.
Concealed Questions
Authors: Frana Ilaria 
Published: November 2020

AbstractConcealed questions (CQs) are determiner phrases that are interpreted as if they were embedded questions. For instance,Eve's phone numberinAdam knows Eve's phone numberis interpreted as having the meaning of the questionwhat Eve's phone number is. CQs raise two preliminary challenges. First, it is not clear how such cases should be integrated into a uniform analysis of predicates that select for questions, canonically realized by CPs, not DPs. Second, it has to be explained how a definite description that would normally be used to pick out an entity in the world acquires this question‐like meaning. More generally, since it is not obvious how the truth conditions of CQ sentences should be computed, this construction raises a challenge for theprinciple of compositionality, according to which the literal meaning of a sentence is a function of the meanings of its parts and of the way they are syntactically combined.
Spatial Prepositions and Locatives in Formal Semantics
Authors: Kracht Marcus 
Published: November 2020

The chapter offers a representative overview of issues in the formal semantics of spatial prepositions and cases, including both the cross linguistic and the form–meaning dimension. Special attention is paid to the interaction of locative prepositions and cases in the compositional derivation of spatial meaning and reference, drawing on material from various languages including Finnish and Tsez.
Remote Tuning of Built‐In Magnetoelectric Microenvironment to Promote Bone Regeneration by Modulating Cellular Exposure to Arginylglycylaspartic Acid Peptide
Authors: Liu Wenwen , Zhang Fengyi , Yan Yuanyang , Zhang Chenguang , Zhao Han , Heng Boon Chin , Huang Ying , Shen Yang , Zhang Jinxing , Chen Lili , Wen Xiufang , Deng Xuliang 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMimicking the endogenous physical microenvironment is a promising strategy for biomaterial‐mediated tissue regeneration. However, precise control of physical cues such as electric/magnetic fields within extracellular environments to facilitate tissue regeneration remains a formidable challenge. Here, remote tuning of the magnetoelectric microenvironment is achieved by a built‐in CoFe2O4/poly(vinylidene fluoridetrifluoroethylene) [P(VDF‐TrFE)] magnetoelectric membrane for effective bone regeneration. The magnetoelectric microenvironment from the nanocomposite membranes promotes osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM‐MSCs) and enhances bone defect regeneration by increasing cellular exposure and integrin binding to arginylglycylaspartic acid peptide, as predicted by molecular dynamics simulations. Moreover, BM‐MSCs are directed to the osteogenic lineage by osteoimmuomodulation which involves accelerating transition from an initial inflammatory immune response to a pro‐healing regenerative immune response. This work offers a strategy to mimic the magnetoelectric microenvironment for achieving precise and effective tissue regenerative therapies, as well as provides fundamental insights into the biological effects driven by the built‐in magnetoelectric membrane, which can be remotely tuned to precisely modulate osteogenesis in situ.
On the Impact of Linear Siloxanated Side Chains on the Molecular Self‐Assembling and Charge Transport Properties of Conjugated Polymers
Authors: Kamatham Narayanaswamy , Ibraikulov Olzhas A. , Durand Pablo , Wang Jing , Boyron Olivier , Heinrich Benoît , Heiser Thomas , Lévêque Patrick , Leclerc Nicolas , Méry Stéphane 
Published: November 2020

AbstractHerein reported is the impact of the functionalization of four different semiconducting polymer structures by a linear siloxane‐terminated side‐chains. The latter is tetrasiloxane (Si4) or trisiloxane (Si3) chains, substituted at their extremity to a pentylene linker. The polymer structure is based on 5,6‐difluorobenzothiadiazole comonomer (PF2), a diketopyrrolopyrrole unit (PDPP‐TT), a naphtalediimide unit (PNDI‐T2), and a poly[bis(thiophen‐2‐yl)thieno[3,2,b]thiophene (PBTTT). The properties of these siloxane‐functionalized polymers are scrutinized and compared with the ones of their alkyl‐substituted polymer analogues. The impact of the alkyl‐to‐siloxane chain substitution clearly depends on the molecular section of the side chains. When a branched 2‐octyldodecyl chain (C20) is replaced by a Si4 chain of same molecular section, the greatest impact is the strong increase of the π‐stacking overlap of the polymer backbones. This effect leads to a significative enhancement of the charge mobility values of the polymers. As in‐plane and out‐of‐plane mobility are increased simultaneously, this π‐overlap enhancement effect happens to be preponderant over the polymer orientation variations. When a linear tetradecyl chain (C14) is replaced by a linear Si3 chain of twice larger molecular section, the polymer structure is profoundly affected. While PBTTT‐C14 is crystalline and purely edge‐on, PBTTT‐Si3 is mesomorphic and shows a mixed face‐on/edge‐on orientation.
MMP‐2 Responsive Unidirectional Hydrogel‐Electrospun Patch Loading TGF‐β1 siRNA Polyplexes for Peritendinous Anti‐Adhesion
Authors: Cai Chuandong , Wang Wei , Liang Jing , Li Yuange , Lu Mingkuan , Cui Wenguo , Fan Cunyi , Deng Lianfu , Li Yusheng , Wang Fei , Liu Shen 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBio‐derived hydrogel patch systems exhibit promising potential in localized drug delivery for the prevention and treatment of various diseases. However, the uncontrolled release from the hydrogel patch both in time and space, is not an optimal strategy for peritendinous anti‐adhesion, leading to transient effect and unnecessary diffusion of therapeutics. Here, an innovative composite anti‐adhesion patch is designed for on‐demand and unidirectional polyplexes delivery to inhibit fibroblasts proliferation and collagen deposition by silencing fibrosis gene transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1). Firstly, a metalloproteinase‐2 (MMP‐2) degradable hydrogel is prepared by crosslinking allyl glycidyl ether (AGE) modified carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS‐AGE) with MMP‐2 substrate peptide CPLGLAGC (MMP‐2 sp). Then, the hydrogel loading TGF‐β1 siRNA polyplexes are attached onto polycaprolactone (PCL) electrospun fibers to form a composite bilayer patch. The hydrogel–electrospun fibers (H–E) patch shows MMP‐2‐responsive and unidirectional release behaviors of encapsulated TGF‐β1 siRNA polyplexes and associated gene silencing effect on TGF‐β1, leading to the inhibition of fibroblasts proliferation. Moreover, after implanting the H–E patch by wrapping the repaired tendon, the formation of adhesion tissue is responsively attenuated in MMP‐2 overexpression microenvironment. This study presents a promising approach employing a composite bilayer patch with on‐demand and unidirectional delivery strategy for peritendinous anti‐adhesion.
Coloring Afterglow Nanoparticles for High‐Contrast Time‐Gating‐Free Multiplex Luminescence Imaging
Authors: Li Zhanjun , Yu Nuo , Zhou Juanjuan , Li Yang , Zhang Yuanwei , Huang Ling , Huang Kai , Zhao Yang , Kelmar Sharon , Yang Jinyi , Han Gang 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAfterglow nanoparticles (AGNPs) possessing inherently long lifetime with tailorable emission colors and uniform size have long been sought due to their time‐gating‐free high‐contrast multiplexing imaging. Herein, via a straightforward template method, it is reported that such multicolor AGNPs can be accomplished. The resultant AGNPs exhibit a series of tunable afterglow emissions, including blue, yellow, green, and white. These multicolor AGNPs are found to be highly bright, enabling them to perform high‐contrast multichannel afterglow imaging in vitro and in vivo without the use of any complicated time‐gating algorithms or systems, which existing tools are unable to do.