bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel dual-domain clustering algorithm for inhomogeneous spatial point event
Authors: Zhu Jie , Yang Jing , Di Shaoning , Zheng Jiazhu , Zhang Leying 
Published: October 2020

PurposeThe spatial and non-spatial attributes are the two important characteristics of a spatial point, which belong to the two different attribute domains in many Geographic Information Systems applications. The dual clustering algorithms take into account both spatial and non-spatial attributes, where a cluster has not only high proximity in spatial domain but also high similarity in non-spatial domain. In a geographical dataset, traditional dual spatial clustering algorithms discover homogeneous spatially adjacent clusters suffering from the between-cluster inhomogeneity where those spatial points are described in non-spatial domain. To overcome this limitation, a novel dual-domain clustering algorithm (DDCA) is proposed by considering both spatial proximity and attribute similarity with the presence of inhomogeneity.Design/methodology/approachIn this algorithm, Delaunay triangulation with edge length constraints is first employed to construct spatial proximity relationships amongst objects. Then, a clustering strategy based on statistical change detection is designed to obtain clusters with similar attributes.FindingsThe effectiveness and practicability of the proposed algorithm are illustrated by experiments on both simulated datasets and real spatial events. It is found that the proposed algorithm can adaptively and accurately detect clusters with spatial proximity and similar non-spatial attributes under the consideration of inhomogeneity.Originality/valueTraditional dual spatial clustering algorithms discover homogeneous spatially adjacent clusters suffering from the between-cluster inhomogeneity where those spatial points are described in non-spatial domain. The research here is a contribution to developing a dual spatial clustering method considering both spatial proximity and attribute similarity with the presence of inhomogeneity. The detection of these clusters is useful to understand the local patterns of geographical phenomena, such as land use classification, spatial patterns research and big geo-data analysis.
A quartic trigonometric tension b-spline algorithm for nonlinear partial differential equation system
Authors: Ersoy Hepson Özlem 
Published: October 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to construct quartic trigonometric tension (QTT) B-spline collocation algorithms for the numerical solutions of the Coupled Burgers’ equation.

Design/methodology/approach
The finite elements method (FEM) is a numerical method for obtaining an approximate solution of partial differential equations (PDEs). The development of high-speed computers enables to development FEM to solve PDEs on both complex domain and complicated boundary conditions. It also provides higher-order approximation which consists of a vector of coefficients multiplied by a set of basis functions. FEM with the B-splines is efficient due both to giving a smaller system of algebraic equations that has lower computational complexity and providing higher-order continuous approximation depending on using the B-splines of high degree.

Findings
The result of the test problems indicates the reliability of the method to get solutions to the CBE. QTT B-spline collocation approach has convergence order 3 in space and order 1 in time. So that nonpolynomial splines provide smooth solutions during the run of the program.

Originality/value
There are few numerical methods build-up using the trigonometric tension spline for solving differential equations. The tension B-spline collocation method is used for finding the solution of Coupled Burgers’ equation.
Examination of sustainable features of stadiums as an integral part of sustainable urban development: the case of Turkey
Authors: Yüce Arif , Katırcı Hakan , Gökce Yüce Sevda 
Published: October 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the stadiums in Turkey within the scope of sustainability and evaluate their impact on sustainable urban development.Design/methodology/approachIn the study, at first, the “Sustainable Stadium Assessment Tool”, where the final score ranges from 0 to 100 and the evaluation is made as bronze, silver, gold and platinum according to the score ranges, is developed. With this assessment tool, a total of 20 stadiums built or renovated/restored between 2008 and 2018 in Turkey is examined in social, environmental, economic dimensions within the scope of sustainability, and the current situation is revealed within the frame of sustainable urban development.FindingsAs a result of the study, it was determined that among the stadiums evaluated, only two stadiums have sustainability properties at platinum level, three stadiums at gold level while the remaining stadiums mainly at silver level.Originality/valueTo date, no assessment tool has been created in the field of sports management that can assess the sustainable properties of stadiums. Therefore, the “Sustainable Stadium Assessment Tool” created within the scope of the study is the foremost in the field of sports sciences and sports management with its different qualities in national and international terms. In addition, the examination of the stadiums in the social, environmental, economic dimensions within the scope of sustainability and revealed the current situation is also the first, and it contains information that will make very significant scientific contributions to the relevant field.
Sustainability reporting adoption in developing countries: managerial perception-based determinants evidence from Uganda
Authors: Tauringana Venancio 
Published: October 2020

PurposeThe aim of the study is to investigate managerial perception-based determinants of the adoption of sustainability reporting (SR) by companies in Uganda.Design/methodology/approachThis study is cross-sectional. Data were collected through a questionnaire survey of 194 companies belonging to the Uganda Manufacturers Association (UMA) and were analysed using multiple regression analysis.FindingsThe findings suggest that lack of expertise, lack of training and negative attitudes/beliefs towards SR are significant and negative determinants of the adoption of SR. The results also show that resources, free training and support and positive attitudes/beliefs towards SR are significantly and positively associated with the likelihood of the adoption of SR. Lack of time, lack of legal requirements and lack of stakeholder pressure are not significant determinants of the adoption of SR.Research limitations/implicationsSince the results are based on a questionnaire survey, they may suffer from issues associated with self-reporting data such as consistency seeking, self-enhancement and self-presentation, which may affect the reliability of the data. Nonetheless, the findings imply that there is a need to sensitise, provide free training and support for companies to engage with SR.Practical implicationsThere is a need to sensitise, train and provide support for free to encourage companies to engage with SR.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the literature on managerial perception-based determinants of the adoption of SR by extending the analyses using a multivariate approach. This enhances our understanding of how the determinants interact to explain the adoption of SR by companies in developing countries.
Will Evolving Climate Conditions Increase the Risk of Floods of the Large U.S.‐Canada Transboundary Richelieu River Basin?
Authors: Lucas‐Picher Philippe , Lachance‐Cloutier Simon , Arsenault Richard , Poulin Annie , Ricard Simon , Turcotte Richard , Brissette François 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn spring 2011, an unprecedented flood hit the complex eastern United States (U.S.)–Canada transboundary Lake Champlain–Richelieu River (LCRR) Basin, destructing properties and inducing negative impacts on agriculture and fish habitats. The damages, covered by the Governments of Canada and the U.S., were estimated to C$90M. This natural disaster motivated the study of mitigation measures to prevent such disasters from reoccurring. When evaluating flood risks, long‐term evolving climate change should be taken into account to adopt mitigation measures that will remain relevant in the future. To assess the impacts of climate change on flood risks of the LCRR basin, three bias‐corrected multi‐resolution ensembles of climate projections for two greenhouse gas concentration scenarios were used to force a state‐of‐the‐art, high‐resolution, distributed hydrological model. The analysis of the hydrological simulations indicates that the 20‐year return period flood (corresponding to a medium flood) should decrease between 8% and 35% for the end of the 21st Century (2070–2099) time horizon and for the high‐emission scenario representative concentration pathway (RCP) 8.5. The reduction in flood risks is explained by a decrease in snow accumulation and an increase in evapotranspiration expected with the future warming of the region. Nevertheless, due to the large climate inter‐annual variability, short‐term flood probabilities should remain similar to those experienced in the recent past.
Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Low Streamflow and Precipitation Changes in the Chesapeake Bay Watershed
Authors: Fleming B.J. , Archfield S.A. , Hirsch R.M. , Kiang J.E. , Wolock D.M. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSpatial and temporal patterns in low streamflows were investigated for 183 streamgages located in the Chesapeake Bay Watershed for the period 1939–2013. Metrics that represent different aspects of the frequency and magnitude of low streamflows were examined for trends: (1) the annual time series of seven‐day average minimum streamflow, (2) the scaled average deficit at or below the 2% mean daily streamflow value relative to a base period between 1939 and 1970, and (3) the annual number of days below the 2% threshold. Trends in these statistics showed spatial cohesion, with increasing low streamflow volume at streamgages located in the northern uplands of the Chesapeake Bay Watershed and decreasing low streamflow volume at streamgages in the southern part of the watershed. For a small subset of streamgages (12%), conflicting trend patterns were observed between the seven‐day average minimum streamflow and the below‐threshold time series and these appear to be related to upstream diversions or the influence of reservoir‐influenced streamflows in their contributing watersheds. Using multivariate classification techniques, mean annual precipitation and fraction of precipitation falling as snow appear to be broad controls of increasing and decreasing low‐flow trends. Further investigation of seasonal precipitation patterns shows summer rainfall patterns, driven by the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation, as the main driver of low streamflows in the Chesapeake Bay Watershed.
Genetic differences and longevity‐related phenotypes influence lifespan and lifespan variation in a sex‐specific manner in mice
Authors: Yuan Rong , Musters C. J. M. , Zhu Yun , Evans Tracy R. , Sun Yujie , Chesler Elissa J. , Peters Luanne L. , Harrison David E. , Bartke Andrzej 
Published: October 2020

AbstractEpidemiological studies of human longevity found two interesting features, robust advantage of female lifespan and consistent reduction of lifespan variation. To help understand the genetic aspects of these phenomena, the current study examined sex differences and variation of longevity using previously published mouse data sets including data on lifespan, age of puberty, and circulating insulin‐like growth factor 1 (IGF1) levels in 31 inbred strains, data from colonies of nuclear‐receptor‐interacting protein 1 (Nrip1) knockout mice, and a congenic strain, B6.C3H‐Igf1. Looking at the overall data for all inbred strains, the results show no significant difference in lifespan and lifespan variation between sexes; however, considerable differences were found among and within strains. Across strains, lifespan variations of female and male mice are significantly correlated. Strikingly, between sexes, IGF1 levels correlate with the lifespan variation and maximum lifespan in different directions. Female mice with low IGF1 levels have higher variation and extended maximum lifespan. The opposite is detected in males. Compared to domesticated inbred strains, wild‐derived inbred strains have elevated lifespan variation due to increased early deaths in both sexes and extended maximum lifespan in female mice. Intriguingly, the sex differences in survival curves of inbred strains negatively associated with age of female puberty, which is significantly accelerated in domesticated inbred strains compared to wild‐derived strains. In conclusion, this study suggests that genetic factors are involved in the regulation of sexual disparities in lifespan and lifespan variation, and dissecting the mouse genome may provide novel insight into the underlying genetic mechanisms.
“You Never Know What Will Happen”: Youth, Affect, and the Eventfulness of Tourism Encounters
Authors: Frohlick Susan , Zamora Carolina Meneses 
Published: October 2020

SummaryIn a small town in the Caribbean region of Costa Rica, affective tourism economies shape the ways that the future is imagined and played out for racialized local youth. We tell a story of one interlocutor, Fred, a sanguine young man with a troubled childhood, to explore how intensities and emotions in his encounters with a wealthy tourist during his late teen years generated possibilities. Events unfolded to become eventfulness that made the future something. For youth like Fred, affective encounters with tourists instantiated the future, or rather, moved the future along, in indeterminate rather than predetermined or inevitable ways. Nevertheless, the hopefulness felt by Fred about the next tourist encounter that lay before him was tempered by his devaluation vis‐à‐vis a well‐off expat patrona (boss), who both stirred and deterred his dreams for “a” future.
Seasonality and interspecific competition shape individual niche variation in co‐occurring tetra fish in Neotropical streams
Authors: Neves Mayara Pereira , Costa‐Pereira Raul , Delariva Rosilene Luciana , Fialho Clarice Bernhardt 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe drivers of intraspecific niche variation and its effects on species interactions are still unclear, especially in species‐rich Neotropical environments. Here, we investigated how ecological opportunity and interspecific competition affect the degree of individual trophic specialization and the population niche breadth in tetra fish. We studied the four ecologically similar species (Psalidodon aff. gymnodontus, P. aff. paranae, P. bifasciatus, and Bryconamericus ikaa) in subtropical headwater streams (three sites with two co‐occurring species and three sites with only one species). We sampled fish in two contrasting seasons (winter/dry and summer/wet) and quantified their trophic niches using gut content analysis. Psalidodon bifasciatus was the only species distributed over all the sampled streams. We observed seasonal differences in population trophic niche breadth of P. bifasciatus just when this species co‐occurred with P. aff. gymnodontus. These findings confirm the complex nature of the effects of interspecific competition, depending, for instance, on the identity of the competitor. The degree of individual specialization of P. bifasciatus was higher in the winter, and it was not influenced by the presence of another species. Conversely, the other two Psalidodon species studied presented greater individual specialization in the summer, when fish consumed a higher proportion of allochthonous items (terrestrial insects and seeds), and there were no effects only for B. ikaa. Herein, our results suggest that seasonality in food‐resource availability is a major driver of niche variation and it has the potential to play an important role in how these similar tetra species interact and coexist.Abstract in Portuguese is available with online material.
Immunotherapy choice and maintenance for generalized myasthenia gravis in China
Authors: Zhang Chao , Bu Bitao , Yang Huan , Wang Lihua , Liu Weibin , Duan Rui‐Sheng , Zhang Meini , Zeng Pei , Du Chen , Yang Li , Shi Fu‐Dong 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAimsTo compare long‐term efficacy and safety of immunotherapeutic strategies as maintenance to prevent disease relapses of generalized myasthenia gravis (MG) in real‐world settings.MethodsThis is a retrospective cohort study on generalized MG conducted in seven major neurological centers across China. Eligible participants were patients with generalized MG who were under minimal manifestation status or better. Main outcome measures were probability of patients free of relapses and causes of drug discontinuation.ResultsAmong 1064 patients enrolled, the median (interquartile range) age was 50.3 (37.0‐62.5) years and 641 (60.2%) were women. Disease relapse was significantly lower for rituximab (6.1%) compared with all the other monotherapies (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.18, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.06 to 0.56, P = .0030). As combination therapies, tacrolimus in combination with corticosteroids reduced risk of disease relapses compared with azathioprine with corticosteroids (HR = 0.45, 95% CI 0.25 to 0.81, P = .0077) or mycophenolate mofetil with corticosteroids (HR = 0.32, 95% CI 0.15 to 0.67, P = .0020). Otherwise, lower‐dose corticosteroids or azathioprine as monotherapy significantly increased risk of disease relapses (HR = 2.78, 95% CI 1.94 to 3.99, P < .0001; HR = 2.14, 95% CI 1.42 to 3.23, P = .0003, respectively). The proportion of discontinuation was lowest in patients with rituximab (20.4%) as monotherapy and tacrolimus with corticosteroids (23.6%). Overall, combination treatment of immunosuppressants with corticosteroids had a lower rate of discontinuation compared with corresponding monotherapy (HR = 0.51, 95% CI 0.36 to 0.71, P < .0001).ConclusionsRituximab as monotherapy and tacrolimus with corticosteroids displayed better clinical efficacy as well as drug maintenance to prevent disease relapses in patients with generalized MG.
When a sentence loses semantics: Selective involvement of a left anterior temporal subregion in semantic processing
Authors: Iwabuchi Toshiki , Makuuchi Michiru 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAlthough the left anterior temporal lobe (ATL) has been associated with semantic processing, the role of this region in syntactic structure building of sentences remains a subject of debate. Functional neuroimaging studies contrasting well‐formed sentences with word lists lacking syntactic structure have produced mixed results. The current functional magnetic resonance imaging study examined whether the left ATL is selectively involved in semantic processing or also plays a role in syntactic structure building by manipulating syntactic complexity and meaningfulness in a novel way. To deprive semantic/pragmatic information from a sentence, we replaced all content words with pronounceable meaningless placeholders. We conducted an experiment with a 2 × 2 factorial design with factors of SEMANTICS (natural sentences [NAT]; sentences with placeholders [SPH]) and SYNTAX (the basic Japanese Subject‐Object‐Verb [SOV] word order; a changed Object‐Subject‐Verb [OSV] word order). A main effect of SEMANTICS (NAT > SPH) was found in the left ATL, as well as in the ventral occipitotemporal regions. The opposite contrast (SPH > NAT) revealed activation in the dorsal regions encompassing Brodmann area 44, the premotor area, and the parietal cortex in the left hemisphere. We found no main effect of SYNTAX (OSV > SOV) in a subregion of the left ATL that was more responsive to natural sentences than meaningless sentences. These results indicate selective involvement of a subregion of the left ATL in semantic/pragmatic processing.
Fatigue crack growth in micro specimens as a tool to measure crack–microstructure interactions
Authors: Grünewald Patrick , Rauber Jonas , Marx Michael , Motz Christian , Schaefer Florian 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe process of short fatigue crack growth plays a significant role for the lifetime of materials in the high and very high cycle regimes. Fatigue crack growth is strongly influenced by interactions with microstructural obstacles, such as grain boundaries or phase boundaries, requiring a better understanding of these interactions to enhance the lifetime in these load regimes and improve lifetime calculations. Although it is possible to obtain crack growth rates from fatigue cracks in the lower micrometre range, further information like the exact position and type of the obstacle are mostly unavailable during the experiment. To overcome this issue, we propose a testing methodology of fatigue crack growth in micro specimens, which allows for an exact positioning of the crack relative to the obstacles and for monitoring the crack behaviour in a scanning electron microscope. The capabilities of this method are demonstrated for the interaction of fatigue cracks with grain boundaries.
Patient reactions to witnessed medical events in the dialysis center or to the sudden absence of other patients from the center: A qualitative study
Authors: Ramer Sarah J. , Reid M. Carrington , Unruh Mark L. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIntroductionPatients receiving in‐center maintenance hemodialysis (HD) spend a significant amount of time together. To date, little or no research has examined how these patients perceive and process other patients' medical events in and absences from their centers. We therefore undertook this qualitative study using semi‐structured interviews to explore these phenomena from the patient perspective.MethodsPatients at a suburban Pittsburgh HD center participated in semi‐structured interviews in April to May 2011, reporting on their impressions of their relationships with other patients in the center; their experiences of witnessing clinical decompensations in the center; and their reactions to absences of fellow patients from the center. Trained coders developed a codebook and applied it to interview transcripts.FindingsThere were 17 participants, 47% women, 29% black, with median age 63 years. Almost every participant had witnessed other patients' medical events during HD. Three main themes emerged in analysis of interviews: (1) incomplete knowledge of many aspects of witnessed events and patient absences in the HD center; (2) a process of “filling in the blanks”: Participants used their own past events and absences to help process other patients' events and absences and used other patients' events and absences to help process their own future events and absences; and (3) participants' broad support for HD center staff being able to share with other patients basic information about their whereabouts if they themselves are absent from the center.DiscussionWitnessed medical events in and patients' absences from the HD center are not only common but are also important to patients, who struggle to process these events and absences due to limited information about what actually happened. Interventions, such as providing patients with more information, could improve patients' experience of witnessed events and fellow patients' absences and potentially impact other patient‐centered outcomes.