bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An observational study of dental abnormalities in the primary teeth
Authors: Hartwig Andréia Drawanz , Azevedo Marina Sousa , Pauli Laís Anschau , Jahnecke Katerine Arteiro , Pappen Fernanda Gerardo , Romano Ana Regina 
Published: January 2020

Introduction: Pregnancy and early childhood are the most critical phases with regard to biological, cognitive, emotional, and social development. Adverse events in these periods of life may be related to alterations in dental development, including alterations in size, shape and mineralization. Objective: To evaluate the frequency of dental abnormalities and the factors associated with the developmental defects of the enamel in primary teeth. Material and methods: Information about family income, maternal education level, pretermbirth, and hospitalization history up to 11 months of age were collected from the dental records of 544 children. Clinical examination of the children was performed to investigate abnormalities of tooth number, form, size, and developmental defects of the enamel (DDE). Data were analyzed using χ2 test and Poisson regression. Results: In all, 544 children were evaluated. Sixty children (11.0%) presented some alterations in the primary teeth; and 7.5% showed DDE. Children born preterm were 3.17 times more likely to develop DDE in primary teeth (prevalence ratio – PR = 3.17, 95% confidence interval– 95%CI 1.26–7.98, p = 0.014). Among the alterations of number, 1.7% was hypodontia, and among the abnormalities of shape, 1.7% was fused teeth. Conclusion: The prevalence of dental anomalies in this sample was, in general, expressive. Children born preterm were more vulnerable to present developmental defects of the enamel.
Associação de técnicas cirúrgicas para o tratamento da rânula na cavidade bucal Association of surgical techniques for the treatment of ranula in the oral cavity
Authors: Lago Eliana Campêlo , Faria Natália Spadini de , Marcaccini Andrea Marcia , Ribeiro Ivonizete Pires , Almeida Camila Aparecida Pinheiro Landim , Batista Moura Luana Kelle 
Published: January 2020

Introdução: Rânula é uma lesão que acomete glândula salivar menor, especialmente no assoalho bucal, resultando na obstrução parcial ou completa do ducto excretor glandular, com retenção da secreção. O tratamento dessa lesão inclui micromarsupialização e remoção cirúrgica por diferentes técnicas. Objetivo: Apresentar um estudo de caso sobre a técnica cirúrgica de drenagem associada à excisão cirúrgica no tratamento da rânula em paciente pediátrico.Relato de caso: Paciente do sexo masculino, 13 anos, apresentou cisto de retenção salivar e foi atendido em clínica-escola privada em Teresina (PI). Após o exame clínico e a formulação da hipótese de diagnóstico, o tratamento foi definido como aspiração e remoção. A lesão que se apresentava mais distendida foi tratada por meio de drenagem por micromarsupialização e posteriormente removida por excisão cirúrgica, tornando possível menor envolvimento de estruturas adjacentes. Conclusão: O diagnóstico clínico da rânula possibilita o tratamento mais adequado, com preservação de tecido impedindo a recidiva da lesão, entretanto deve-se sempre ter como auxílio o exame histopatológico
Characterization of the Active Components of the Multimerized sTNFRII-Adiponectin Fusion Protein Showing Both TNFα-Antagonizing and Glucose Uptake-Promoting Activities
Authors: Wang Yao , Lian Hui , Wang Xitong , Zheng Tianyu , Yu Xiaoxiao , Chen Ruzhang , Huang Zhiyong , Lv Yinxiang , Zhao Ai , Gao Jimin 
Published: January 2020

Background:
The sTNFRII-adiponectin fusion protein previously showed strong TNFα
antagonistic activity. However, the fusion protein exists as mixture of different multimers. The aim of
the present study was to characterize its active components.

Methods:
In this study, the fusion protein was isolated and purified by Ni-NTA affinity and gel exclusion
chromatography, and further identified by Coomassie staining and western blotting. The TNFα
antagonistic and glucose uptake-promoting activities were determined in vitro. The glucose detection
kit and 2- NBDG (2-deoxy-2-[(7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazol-4-yl)amino]-D-glucose) were used to
measure their effects on glucose metabolism (including glucose consumption and glucose uptake in
HepG2 and H9C2 cells). The effect of the fusion protein on glucose uptake was also examined in free
fatty acid (FFA)- induced insulin resistance cell model.

Results:
The sTNFRII-adiponectin fusion protein was found to exist in three forms: 250 kDa (hexamer),
130 kDa (trimer), and 60 kDa (monomer), with the final purity of 90.2%, 60.1%, and 81.6%,
respectively. The fusion protein could effectively antagonize the killing effect of TNFα in L929 cells,
and the multimer was found to be superior to the monomer. In addition, the fusion protein could increase
glucose consumption without impacting the number of cells (HepG2, H9C2 cells) in a dosedependent
manner. Mechanistically, glucose uptake was found to be enhanced by the translocation of
GLUT4. However, it could not improve glucose uptake in the cell model of insulin resistance.

Conclusion:
In summary, the active components of the fusion protein are hexamers and trimers. The
hexamer and trimer of sTNFRII-adiponectin fusion protein had both TNFα-antagonizing and glucose
uptake-promoting activities, although neither of them could improve glucose uptake in the cell model
of insulin resistance.
Molecular Modelling, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Benzimidazole Derivatives for the Treatment of Breast Cancer
Authors: Panchal Ishan , Devgirkar Animesh G. , Patel Ashish D. , Nagani Afzal , Lad Chaitali 
Published: January 2020

Background:
The treatment of cancer requires scientific advancement. ATP-competitive mTOR
inhibitors have been studied as potential antitumor agents.

Objective:
A series of substituted benzimidazole compounds were designed, synthesized and characterized via
introducing 2-chloroquinolin into 2nd position and most title compounds exhibited enhanced anticancer activities.

Methods:
To study the anticancer mechanism, VIa-VIh was successfully docked by iGEMDOCK 2.0
which gives good affinity towards m-TOR/PI3K dual inhibitors. The anti-proliferative activities of these
compounds were evaluated on MCF-7 and A549 cell line for Breast and lung cancer, respectively.

Results:
2-(2-chloroquinolin-3-yl)-1H-benzoimidazol-1-yl)(phenyl)methanone (VIa) exhibited significant
anti-proliferative activity, especially against breast cancer (IC50 197 μM) for MCF7 cell line and (2-(2-
chloroquinolin-3-yl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-1-yl)(4-nitrophenyl)methanone (VIc) was significantly active
against lung cancer (IC50 89 μM) for A579 cell line.

Conclusion:
VIa gives more activity on breast cancer and it gives IC50 197 μM for MCF7 cell line and (2-
(2-chloroquinolin-3-yl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-1-yl) (4-nitrophenyl) methanone (VIc) lung cancer IC50 89
μM for A579 cell line.
Green Accounting and Malang Hospitality Industry: A Inevitability
Authors: Imansari Annisa Rizkaninghadi , Roekhudin Roekhudin , Prihaningtias Yeney Widya 
Published: January 2020

Abstract: This research aims to study the implementation of green accounting on the hospitality industry in Malang based on internal and external perspectives. This type of research is a multi-case study. Data collection was conducted in 2018 through interviews with internal parties of Harris Hotel (five stars), The Balava Hotel (four stars), and ubud Hotel and Cottages (three stars); guests and people around the hotels and environmental Services in Malang; observation and documentation. The results of this research show that three, four, and five stars hotels in Malang have implemented green accounting very well. All of those hotels also spent some expenses on the environment to reduce the risk of pollution and environmental damage. From the external perspective, no one is feeling disadvantaged from the activities of hotel operational. In the future, the hotels are expected to improve their awareness on the environment. Keywords: Green Accounting, Environmental CostAkuntansi Hijau dan Industri Perhotelan: Sebuah KeniscayaanAbstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan akuntansi hijau pada industri perhotelan di Kota Malang dari perspektif internal dan eksternal. Jenis penelitian ini adalah multi studi kasus. Pengumpulan data dilakukan pada tahun 2018, melalui wawancara dari pihak internal Hotel Harris (bintang lima), The Balava Hotel (bintang empat), dan Ubud Hotel & Cottages (bintang tiga); tamu dan masyarakat sekitar dari ketiga hotel, pihak Dinas Lingkungan Hidup Kota Malang; observasi dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa hotel bintang tiga, empat dan lima di Kota Malang telah menerapkan beberapa aktivitas akuntansi hijau. Ketiga hotel juga telah mengeluarkan beberapa biaya lingkungan dalam rangka mengurangi risiko pencemaran dan kerusakan lingkungan. Dari sisi eksternal, tidak ada pihak yang merasa dirugikan dari aktivitas operasional hotel, ke depannya diharapkan hotel dapat lebih peka terhadap lingkungan. Kata Kunci: Akuntansi Hijau, Biaya Lingkungan
Spillover Effect of US Monetary Policy to ASEAN Stock Market
Authors: Hindrayani Aniek , Putri Fadikia K , Puspitasari Inda F 
Published: January 2020

Abstract: This study analyzes the spillover effects of the US monetary policy on the ASEAN stock market with Markov switching model and investigates differences in empirical results of each country from ASEAN member. The results of this study have important implications for asset price allocation, specifically in the case of a transition between US and other small countries. The results showed that the ASEAN stock market is more affected by the US interest rates during bull-market than bear-markets. This can be seen from the increasing of stock market volatility during expansion comparing with recession period. Therefore, the stock markets of ASEAN countries will not be easily affected by the dollar rate during financial crisis or the recession period. Keywords: stock market, monetary policy, spillover effect, Markov-switching modelEfek Spillover pada Perubahan Kebijakan Moneter Amerika Terhadap Stock Market di ASEANAbstrak: Penelitian ini menganalisis efek spillover akibat adanya perubahan kebijakan moneter Amerika terhadap stock market di ASEAN dengan model Markov switching dan menginvestigasi terkait ada atau tidaknya perbedaan pada hasil empiris di setiap negara anggota ASEAN. Hasil penelitian ini memberikan implikasi penting bagi mekanisme transisi harga aset, khususnya dari Amerika terhadap negara dengan skala perekonomian kecil. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa stock market ASEAN lebih mudah terpengaruh oleh tingkat suku bunga Amerika pada saat kondisi bull-market dibandingkan saat bear-market. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari tingginya volatilitas stock market pada saat ekspansi dibandingkan saat periode resesi, sehingga stock market negara-negara ASEAN tidak akan mudah terpengaruh oleh dollar pada saat perekonomian mengalami krisis atau saat periode resesi. Kata kunci: stock market, kebijakan moneter, spillover effect, model Markov-switching
RUANG KETIGA DALAM PERJUMPAAN NIAS-KRISTEN DAN MINANGKABAU-MUSLIM DI PADANG
Authors: Lombu Chris Stevany , Lattu Izak Y.M. , Pilakoannu Rama Tulus 
Published: January 2020

Minangkabau has often been identified as an excluisve ethnic group. In contrast to this view, Nias etnic group in West Sumatera has established a peaceful encounter between Christians and Muslim from both ethnic groups. Nias tribe has been in Padang for about 500 years and encouter Islam as the dominant religion of Minangkabau and other wolrkd religion, namely Christianity. This is something new for the Nias tribe because at first they had animistic beliefs. This article aimes to show the social phenomenon of the meeting between the Nias-Kristen and the Minangkabau-Muslim. Nias community has created a new identity in peacefully bridging the community with Muslim community in Padang. This article explores the formation of new identity among Nias-Padang community as bridging and copping mechanisms to live in a multicultural context that based on Minangkabau-Muslim values in Padang. This new identity heled them to adapt and develop in Padang. This new identity is called Hada Nono Niha Wada (Custom of Nias Padang). This change does not only relate to the name used but also includes component that are in the custom itself. The author employs Homi Bhabha’s third space theory to examine the encounter of Nias Padang-Christianity community and Minang-Muslim host community in Padang. The article shows that through social negotiation, Nias Padang-Christianity community in Padang have formulated new identity that different from that of Nias in the Island of Nias and created the third space to copping with Minangkabau culture-tradition. This negotiation resulted in a custom that had a pattern of openness in accepting differences. The third space provides a place for them to build a mindset that can make them survive as a minority that is able to manage differences into a unity that can be accepted by various parties and living peacefully with the Minangkabau-Muslim community in the greater Padang area.
Association of Sleep Apnea with Mortality in Patients with Advanced Kidney Disease
Authors: Jhamb Manisha , Ran Xinhui , Abdalla Hossam , Roumelioti Maria-Eleni , Hou Surui , Davis Herbert , Patel Sanjay R. , Yabes Jonathan , Unruh Mark 
Published: January 2020

Background and objectives
In the general population, sleep disorders are associated with mortality. However, such evidence in patients with CKD and ESKD is limited and shows conflicting results. Our aim was to examine the association of sleep apnea with mortality among patients with CKD and ESKD.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
In this prospective cohort study, 180 patients (88 with CKD stage 4 or 5, 92 with ESKD) underwent in-home polysomnography, and sleep apnea measures such as apnea hypopnea index (AHI) and nocturnal hypoxemia were obtained. Mortality data were obtained from the National Death Index. Cox proportional hazard models were used for survival analysis.

Results
Among the 180 patients (mean age 54 years, 37% women, 39% with diabetes, 49% CKD with mean eGFR 18±7 ml/min per 1.73 m2), 71% had sleep apnea (AHI>5) and 23% had severe sleep apnea (AHI>30). Median AHI was 13 (range, 4–29) and was not significantly different in patients with advanced CKD or ESKD. Over a median follow-up of 9 years, there were 84 (47%) deaths. AHI was not significantly associated with mortality after adjusting for age, sex, race, diabetes, body mass index, CKD/ESKD status, and kidney transplant status (AHI>30: hazard ratio [HR], 1.5; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.6 to 4.0; AHI >15 to 30: HR, 2.3; 95% CI, 0.9 to 5.9; AHI >5 to 15: HR, 2.1; 95% CI, 0.8 to 5.4, compared with AHI≤5). Higher proportion of sleep time with oxygen saturation <90% and lower mean oxygen saturation were significantly associated with higher mortality in adjusted analysis (HR, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.1 to 1.7; P=0.007 for every 15% higher proportion, and HR, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.2 to 2.1; P=0.003 for every 2% lower saturation, respectively). Sleep duration, sleep efficiency, or periodic limb movement index were not associated with mortality.

Conclusions
Hypoxemia-based measures of sleep apnea are significantly associated with increased risk of death among advanced CKD and ESKD.
A STUDY ON PRESCRIBING PATTERN IN GERIATRIC PATIENTS
Authors: NATARAJ GR  , BHARATHI DR  
Published: January 2020

Objective: The objective of this study was to study the prescribing pattern in geriatric patients.
Methods: A prospective study was carried out for a period of 4 years with one of the objectives to study the prescribing pattern in geriatric patients (≥65 years). The information was collected, from patients admitted to various departments of tertiary care hospital and old-age home at Chitradurga. Sociodemographic, economic, and clinical diagnosis and medication details were collected from medical records in a pre-structured case record form. The medications were classified based on Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical classification system.
Results: A total number of 526 geriatric patients were enrolled during the study period. Young older patients (75.29%) and male subjects (55.89%) were predominant. Multiple morbidity conditions were more in the present study. Among the diseases diagnosed, circulatory system (I00-I99) affecting was more 41.83%. Prescriptions found with a sum total of 3228 formulations with 357 active drugs. About 56.27% of patients received ≥6 medications (polymedication) and an average of 6.14 drugs per prescription. Usage of parenterals (53.06%) was more among dosage forms. Prescriptions with alimentary tract, metabolism (A) (26.96%), and general anti-infective (J) (19.08%) class of drugs were common. Among individual drugs, pantoprazole (A02BC02), paracetamol (N02BE01), and ceftriaxone (J01DD04) were found more frequent in prescriptions.
Conclusion: The study concludes the need of intellect prescribing practice, to install more rational therapy among geriatric patients.
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF ACECLOFENAC MUCOADHESIVE MICROSPHERES FOR ORAL CONTROLLED DRUG DELIVERY
Authors: SAROJA SP  , PREETHI SUDHEER  
Published: January 2020

Objective: Drug delivery is a broad field of research on the development of novel materials or carrier systems for effective therapeutic delivery of drugs. The main purpose of delivering the drugs to mucosal membrane is lengthening of the residence time at site of drug delivery, followed by sustained release of the drug after the deposition. Aceclofenac is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that has a half-life of 4 h. The frequent administration of the drug irritates the gastric mucosa when it is given in conventional dosage forms.
Method: Hence in this study, a mucoadhesive microsphere of biopolymer chitosan was formulated with an aim to enhance the efficacy of the drug. The microsphere of aceclofenac was prepared by o/w/o emulsification cross linking method.
Results: Various ratios of drug: polymer were studied, and it was found that microspheres with 1:4 ratio was the superior in terms drug content of 87.23±0.56%.and entrapment efficiency of 85.8±0.16 %.The in vitro drug release profiles indicated a maximum drug release of 89.55± 0.62 % in 12 h. The extent of mucoadhesion and ex- vivo permeation of the drug was studied using porcine intestinal mucosal sample. The microspheres were retained on the intestinal mucosa up to 12 h. The surface of the selected microsphere formulation was observed to be uneven during surface electron microscopic studies. Infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry studies indicated that there was no major interaction between the drug and the polymer used.
Conclusion: Therefore, the studies demonstrate that mucoadhesive microspheres could be an appropriate dosage to improve the gastric retention and efficacy of aceclofenac.
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF TOPICAL HERBAL GEL CONTAINING INCLUSION COMPLEX OF CURCUMIN
Authors: VANDANA D  , SHWETA PAWAR  
Published: January 2020

Objective: The current work was aimed to prepare a topical gel containing curcumin (CUR) for the treatment of microbial infections on skin.
Methods: CUR was complexed with the β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) using kneading method in 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3 molar ratios and characterized. The inclusion complex with high aqueous solubility was loaded in the topical gel containing (2% CUR) which was prepared using carbopol, sodium CMC, and guar gum and evaluated for viscosity, spreadability, extrudability, pH, drug content, and in vitro diffusion studies. The in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of the gel was performed by albumin protein denaturation technique, the statistical analysis was done using ANOVA followed Dunnett’s t-test. The antimicrobial activity of CUR was evaluated using standard strains of Candida albicans and Escherichia coli by agar well diffusion method.
Results: The complexation of CUR had an increased solubility up to 103.09 times for 1:3 molar ratio with in vitro dissolution 90.64% for 60 min. The optimized formulation F9 had viscosity of 6500.3 cps and 97.5% in vitro drug diffusion for 8 h which follows zero-order release kinetics. In vitro anti-inflammatory activity studied showed that the CUR gel has a good potency for renaturation and was as effective as standard diclofenac with 76.9% inhibition (p=0.0507). CUR showed approx. 3 mm diameter of zone of inhibition against C. albicans and E. coli.
Conclusion: A stable topical gel of CUR using β-CD and carbopol was successfully prepared which showed better in vitro diffusion with promising anti-inflammatory and antifungal action.
DESIGN AND IN VITRO CHARACTERIZATION OF FLUTRIMAZOLE MICROSPHERES LOADED TOPICAL EMULGEL
Authors: MUTHADI RADHIKA REDDY  , SOUMYASTUTIPATNAIK  
Published: January 2020

Objective: Flutrimazole is a topical antifungal agent which displays potent broad spectrum in vitro activity against dermatophytes, filamentous fungi, and yeasts. The purpose of the present study is to formulate and evaluate microspheres loaded topical gel containing flutrimazole as model drug microspheres were prepared using aqueous ionotropic gelation method.
Methods: Different polymers, the different drug to polymer(s) ratio(s) and other parameters were screened to study their effects on the properties of microspheres and to optimize each parameter. The controlled release emulgel was formulated by changing the polymer ratio. Fourier transform infrared study confirmed the purity of the drug, concede no interaction between the drug and excipients and analyze the parameters affecting the morphology and other characteristics of the resultant products employing scanning electron microscopy.
Results: Microspheres loaded topical gel has been shown that encapsulation and controlled release of flutrimazole could reduce the side effect while also reducing percutaneous absorption when administered to the skin. The microspheres obtained were subjected to the preformulation studies such as bulk density, tapped density, angle of repose, Carr’s index, and Hausner’s ratio the results obtained were within the limit. The microspheres were characterized by percentage yield, drug entrapment efficiency, and particle size analysis, then the optimized microspheres formulation were incorporated into the gel prepared with various polymer(s) ratio(s) and were evaluated by parameters such as visual inspection, pH measurement, spreadability studies, viscosity, and in vitro drug release using Franz diffusion cell.
Conclusion: The result of studies revealed that the optimized batch shows 97.24% release in 12 h and stable for around there. The microsphere loaded gel has advantages such as efficient absorption and more drug retention time.
DESIGN AND EVALUATION OF SELF-NANOEMULSIFYING DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS OF MANIDIPINE FOR ENHANCEMENT OF SOLUBILITY
Authors: SRIKANTH REDDY S  , SURESH G  
Published: January 2020

Objective: The present work is aimed at developing liquid self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (liquid-SNEDDS) of manidipine.
Methods: The manidipine SNEDDS is formulated with excipients comprising Capmul MCM as oil phase, Transcutol P as surfactant, and Lutrol L 300 as cosurfactant. The prepared fifteen formulations of manidipine SNEDDS were performed for emulsification time, percentage transmittance, particle size, drug release, in vitro dissolution and stability studies. Ternary phase diagram plotted using Chemix software.
Results: The optimized manidipine liquid SNEDDS formulation (F14) subjected to drug-excipient compatibility studies by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and characterized for particle size, zeta potential, scanning electron microscopy, and stability studies. The morphology of manidipine SNEDDS indicates spherical shape with uniform particle distribution. The percentage drug release from optimized formulation F14 (98.24±5.14%) was higher than that of pure drug (39.17±2.98%). The stability data indicated no noticeable change in drug content, emulsifying properties, drug release, and appearance.
Conclusion: Hence, a potential SNEDDS formulation of manidipine developed with enhanced solubility, dissolution rate, and bioavailability.