bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Grating pitch comparison measurement based on Cr atomic transition frequency and Si lattice constant
Authors: Feng 冯 Jingtong 婧桐 , Xu 徐 Rao 娆 , Wu 吴 Ziruo 子若 , Lei 雷 Lihua 李华 , Xiong 熊 Yingfan 英凡 , Tang 唐 Zhaohui 朝辉 , Xiao 肖 Guangxu 光旭 , Xie 解 Yuying 钰莹 , Xue 薛 Dongbai 栋柏 , Deng 邓 Xiao 晓 , Cheng 程 Xinbin 鑫彬 , Li 李 Tongbao 同保 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Traceability is the fundamental premise of all metrological activities. The establishment of a traceability chain characterized by a shortened structure, while simultaneously enabling on-site traceability, represents a key trend in the advancement of metrology. This study explores the periodic accuracy and overall uniformity of self-traceable gratings, employing multilayer film gratings with a nominal period of 25.00 nm as the medium. We present a comparative analysis of measurement capabilities in a self-traceable grating calibration system characterized by a ‘top-down’ calibration approach and a Si lattice constant calibration system characterized by a ‘bottom-up’ calibration approach. The results indicate that the values obtained for the multilayer film grating periods, calibrated using the self-traceable grating system, are 24.40 nm with a standard deviation of 0.11 nm. By comparing with the values derived from the Si lattice constant, which yield 24.34 nm with a standard deviation of 0.14 nm, the validity and feasibility of the self-traceable calibration system are confirmed. This system extends and complements existing metrological frameworks, offering a precise pathway for traceability in precision engineering and nanotechnology research.
Phase changings in the surface layers of Td-WTe2 driven by alkali-metal deposition
Authors: Zhu 朱 Yu 玉 , Wang 王 Zheng-Guo 政国 , Ren 任 Yu-Jing 宇靖 , Yuan 袁 Peng-Hao 鹏浩 , Chen 陈 Jing-Zhi 景芝 , Ou 欧 Yi 仪 , Meng 孟 Li-Li 丽丽 , Zhang 张 Yan 焱 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The discovery of phase changings in two-dimensional (2D) materials driven by external stimuli not only helps to understand the various intriguing phases in 2D materials but also provides directions for constructing new functional devices. Here, by combining angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) and in-situ alkali-metal deposition, we studied how alkali-metal adatoms affect the electronic structure of Td-WTe2 on two different cleaved surfaces. We found that depending on the polarization direction of the cleaved surface, the alkali-metal deposition triggered two successive phase transitions on one surface of WTe2, while on the other surface, no phase transition was found. We attributed the observed phase transitions to a Td↑–1T′–Td↓ structural transition driven by an alkali-metal induced sliding of WTe2 layers. By comparing the band structure obtained in different structural phases of WTe2, we found that the evolution of band structure across different phases is characterized by an energy scale that could be related to the degree of orbital hybridization between two adjacent WTe2 layers. Our results demonstrate a method that manipulates the surface structure of bulk 2D materials. It also builds a direct correlation between the electronic structure and the degree of interlayer misalignment in this intriguing 2D material.
Novel AIRTrode-based wearable electrode supports long-term, online brain–computer interface operations
Authors: H Liu Deland , Hsieh Ju-Chun , Alawieh Hussein , Kumar Satyam , Iwane Fumiaki , Pyatnitskiy Ilya , Ahmad Zoya J , Wang Huiliang , Millán José del R 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objective. Non-invasive electroencephalograms (EEG)-based brain–computer interfaces (BCIs) play a crucial role in a diverse range of applications, including motor rehabilitation, assistive and communication technologies, holding potential promise to benefit users across various clinical spectrums. Effective integration of these applications into daily life requires systems that provide stable and reliable BCI control for extended periods. Our prior research introduced the AIRTrode, a self-adhesive (A), injectable (I), and room-temperature (RT) spontaneously-crosslinked hydrogel electrode (AIRTrode). The AIRTrode has shown lower skin-contact impedance and greater stability than dry electrodes and, unlike wet gel electrodes, does not dry out after just a few hours, enhancing its suitability for long-term application. This study aims to demonstrate the efficacy of AIRTrodes in facilitating reliable, stable and long-term online EEG-based BCI operations. Approach. In this study, four healthy participants utilized AIRTrodes in two BCI control tasks–continuous and discrete–across two sessions separated by six hours. Throughout this duration, the AIRTrodes remained attached to the participants’ heads. In the continuous task, participants controlled the BCI through decoding of upper-limb motor imagery (MI). In the discrete task, the control was based on decoding of error-related potentials (ErrPs). Main Results. Using AIRTrodes, participants demonstrated consistently reliable online BCI performance across both sessions and tasks. The physiological signals captured during MI and ErrPs tasks were valid and remained stable over sessions. Lastly, both the BCI performances and physiological signals captured were comparable with those from freshly applied, research-grade wet gel electrodes, the latter requiring inconvenient re-application at the start of the second session. Significance. AIRTrodes show great potential promise for integrating non-invasive BCIs into everyday settings due to their ability to support consistent BCI performances over extended periods. This technology could significantly enhance the usability of BCIs in real-world applications, facilitating continuous, all-day functionality that was previously challenging with existing electrode technologies.
Thermomechanical approach to calculating mechanical stresses in inhomogeneous fluids and its applications to ionic fluids
Authors: Budkov Yury A , Kalikin Nikolai N , Brandyshev Petr E 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This extended article presents a thermomechanical approach for calculating the stress tensor from the thermodynamic potential of inhomogeneous fluids and some applications to ionic fluids. The technique, based on the invariance of the fluid’s thermodynamic potential with respect to spatial transformations of translation and rotation, offers an alternative to the general covariant approach developed by two of the authors. We apply this technique to both pure mean-field theories of fluids in general and a theory that includes thermal fluctuations of the order parameter, using the example of ionic fluids. Additionally, we apply the thermomechanical approach to fluid models with vector order parameters, such as liquid dielectrics. For this case, we obtain a general expression for the stress tensor. Furthermore, we discuss specific issues related to the calculation of disjoining pressure in ionic fluids confined in nanoscale slit-like pores with metal or dielectric walls, using the Coulomb gas model. To test the robustness of the proposed approach, we reproduce a number of known results from the statistical theory of inhomogeneous fluids and obtain several new ones.
Design and Implementation of a Solar Powered Molecular Sieve Chrysanthemum Drying Device
Authors: Wang Xiangyan , Liu Shilin , Fang Xiaohong 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Chrysanthemum is a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine. Facing the high moisture content, easy decay and spoilage, and intolerance to storage of fresh chrysanthemums; Addressing the demand for chrysanthemum processing technology and the current issues of low automation and high energy consumption in chrysanthemum drying; A solar powered molecular sieve drying device was developed using the dehumidification characteristics of molecular sieves to solve the drying problem of chrysanthemum processing. At the same time, the device has an auxiliary electric heating function to meet the requirements of different drying methods for chrysanthemum processing under different weather conditions. Practical verification has shown that the molecular sieve drying device based on solar energy can well meet the process requirements of different drying methods for chrysanthemums, and has the characteristics of green environmental protection, low power consumption, high production efficiency, and good drying quality.
Path Planning for Robotic Welding of V-bevels on Thick Plate
Authors: Xue Haichao , Wen Yongce , Sun Junsheng , Shi Bin 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Based on the contour-type weld filling strategy, a welding path planning model for thick plate V-bevel robot is established. The model includes parameters such as welding gun position, inclination angle, swing, welding current, etc. It realizes that only 2 different cross-sectional area weld paths are needed for each layer to complete the filling of the bevel, and avoids frequent changes of the welding process parameters. The establishment of this model provides a theoretical basis for the process design of thick plate beveling.
The Application and Research of Domestic and International Rural Area Domestic Sewage Treatment Technologies-A Review
Authors: Li Xiaolin 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In recent years, with the development of the rural economy and the gradual improvement of living standards, the production of domestic sewage in rural areas has increased sharply, and there are significant differences in water quality and quantity in different regions. However, due to the strong dispersion and difficulty in collection of domestic sewage discharge in rural areas, as well as the imperfect sewage treatment facilities in rural areas, the selection of technology for rural domestic sewage treatment is not scientific, and the treatment rate has been consistently low. This is in significant contrast to the goals of rural construction in China’s new era. Therefore, this paper provides a review of the applicability of various rural domestic sewage treatment technologies in different regions at home and abroad, with the aim of providing decision-making support for the selection of sewage treatment technologies in rural areas.
Influence of Various Levels of Sodium Selenite on the Development of Oryza sativa
Authors: Guo Weichao , He Junxian , Yan Jingfu , Huang Huiping , Lin Qiaoling , Liu Ying 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In order to explore the influence of selenium (Se) on the development of rice, various levels of sodium selenite (Na2SeO3) were treated on rice in the present study. The results showed that under the condition of 13-104 μmol/L Na2SeO3 treatment in comparison with the control group (0 μmol/L Na2SeO3 treatment), the plant height of rice in the experimental group decreased by 8.72%-47.36%; fresh weight and dry weight decreased by 67.5%-88.35% and 64.52%-87.82%, respectively. In addition, high selenium treatment also significantly increased the antioxidant activity of rice, and the enzyme activities of CAT, SOD and POD were up-regulated by 16.07%-48.21%, 20.94%-73.00%, and 34.65%-53.65%, respectively. Rice might regulate the stress response system in vivo through those reactions, so as to resist the adverse environmental stress. The findings of this research could establish theoretical basis for the cultivation of Se-rich rice.
Characterisation of SiC radiation detector technologies with synchrotron X-rays
Authors: Lopez Paz I. , Fleta C. , Rafí J.M. , Rius G. , Godignon P. , Pellegrini G. , Mena S. , Jimenez M. , Henao A. , Bravo J. , Boer R. , Molas B. , Guardiola C. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
To cope with environments with high levels of radiation,
non-silicon semiconductors such as silicon carbide detectors are
being proposed for instrumentation.

4H-SiC diodes for radiation detection have been fabricated in the
IMB-CNM Clean Room, for which different strategies to define the
electrical contact of the implants had been implemented, in an
attempt to optimise the technology for, e.g., medical applications
or low energy radiation detection, as the material choice can affect
the sensitivity of the device. Among these technologies, it is
included an epitaxially-grown graphene layer as part of the
electrical contact.

In this paper, a selection of four configurations of the IMB-CNM SiC
diodes are characterised in terms of radiation detector response.
Photodiode performance under 20 keV X-rays irradiation in the XALOC
beam line at ALBA Synchrotron is presented. Over-responses in the
range of 12–19% linked to the interaction of the radiation with the
metallic layers are observed. A good uniformity response as well as
a good linearity at 0 V bias is reported, even in the under-depleted
devices. This work exemplifies the good performance of SiC
detectors fabricated at IMB-CNM specifically for low-energy X ray
characterization at high X-ray intensities.
Carboxyl-functionalized multifunctional red-emitting carbon quantum dots as an ideal biomaterial
Authors: Wen Xi , Wang Chen , Liang Xinyu , Liu Shengxiu 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) have been developed into a popular nanomaterial due to their abundant surface state, good biocompatibility, and excellent antimicrobial properties. However, CQDs with multiple functions, such as being red-emitting, having good antibacterial activity, and having excellent pH sensitivity, have rarely been reported. In this work, red-emitting CQDs (R-CQDs) with excellent optical properties and antimicrobial activity were prepared by a simple green hydrothermal method. In antimicrobial applications, the R-CQDs featured good antibacterial activity due to the generation of reactive oxygen species, indicating excellent photodynamic antimicrobial ability. In addition, the R-CQDs showed fine pH sensitivity, giving them potential as pH sensors to monitor the pH of wounds in real time. The promising potential application of R-CQDs for cell imaging was also demonstrated. In summary, we offer R-CQDs with good antibacterial and pH sensitivity as a potential nanomaterial for pH and antimicrobial monitoring of wounds, shedding light on the biomedical field.
Revisiting two-layer energy balance models for climate assessment
Authors: Tsutsui Junichi , Smith Chris 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Given the pivotal role of probabilistic approaches with two-layer energy balance models in the latest climate assessment, this study aims to gain deeper insight into their advancement by comparing different approaches for generating constrained posterior ensembles. Several methodological improvements are possible both in the calibration of model parameters to the behavior of comprehensive Earth system models and in constraining the calibrated parameter ensemble with other lines of evidence. The results imply that a conventional single parameter representing evolving climate feedback characteristics is not a requirement for reliable climate projections; rather, there are potential improvements on the forcing side regarding the separation of forcing and feedbacks. Constraining the ensemble based on observational and expert-assessed climate metrics, which critically affects probabilistic climate assessment, needs to appropriately deal with different constraints on a multivariate space in a standardized and flexible way. The method introduced here is an option that fulfills the need.
Random eigenvalues of graphenes and the triangulation of plane
Authors: Bille Artur , Buchstaber Victor , Coste Simon , Kuriki Satoshi , Spodarev Evgeny 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We analyze the numbers of closed paths of length

k
∈

N

on two important regular lattices: the hexagonal lattice (also called graphene in chemistry) and its dual triangular lattice. These numbers form a moment sequence of specific random variables connected to the distance of a position of a planar random flight (in three steps) from the origin. Here, we refer to such a random variable as a random eigenvalue of the underlying lattice. Explicit formulas for the probability density and characteristic functions of these random eigenvalues are given for both the hexagonal and the triangular lattice. Furthermore, it is proven that both probability distributions can be approximated by a functional of the random variable uniformly distributed on increasing intervals

[
0
,
b
]

as

b
→
∞

. This yields a straightforward method to simulate these random eigenvalues without generating graphene and triangular lattice graphs. To demonstrate this approximation, we first prove a key integral identity for a specific series containing the third powers of the modified Bessel functions In
of nth order,

n
∈

Z

. Such series play a crucial role in various contexts, in particular, in analysis, combinatorics, and theoretical physics.
Global Trends of Research on Red Mud Utilization as an Adsorbent: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Sutrisno Hendri , Trihadiningrum Yulinah , Ekaputri Januarti Jaya , Yuniarto Adhi 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Red mud, a byproduct of alumina extraction, presents signiPicant environmental and economic challenges due to its substantial global accumulation, projected to reach 3.4 - 4 billion tons by 2023. This study employs a bibliometric analysis to examine global trends in utilizing RM as an adsorbent for wastewater treatment. A total of 327 publications from the Scopus database (1977-2022) were analyzed using Scopus features and VOSviewer software to determine publication trends, leading contributors, and key research themes. Results reveal an increasing interest in RM utilization, reaching a peak in publication volume in 2021. Environmental Science emerged as the dominant research area (30%), followed by Chemistry and Chemical Engineering. China and India were recognized as leading contributors to this Pield. Four major research clusters emerged: composite materials, pollutant sources, pollutant types, and adsorbent performance, with a primary focus on dyes and heavy metals. This study highlights the signiPicant potential of RM as a sustainable adsorbent for wastewater treatment. Key research directions identiPied include RM optimization, adsorbent regeneration, industrial implementation, and interdisciplinary collaborations.
The Analysis of Magnetic Electricity Physics Teaching Materials Based on Environment in Senior High School
Authors: Husna Nurul , Sahyar  
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This study analyzes the integration of green energy concepts, energy efficiency, and sustainable development in high school physics teaching materials on electricity and magnetism. This study involves 10 physics teachers from high schools in Medan, consisting of 5 government high school teachers and 5 private high school teachers who have professional certification. The sampling technique used is a mixed method that combines qualitative and quantitative data. The research was conducted in Medan, Indonesia. For data analysis, descriptive statistical techniques were used for quantitative data, while qualitative data were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman approach. This study assesses the relevance and effectiveness of the current teaching materials. The research results show that the highest score of 73.25% in respondents’ perceptions is on the relevance of teaching materials to basic physics concepts, while the lowest score of 49.75% is on the effectiveness of the materials in enhancing students’ understanding of green energy and energy efficiency. This study recommends the development of more integrated and contextually relevant teaching materials to enhance students’ understanding and engagement with global sustainability issues. The implications of this study indicate that integrating green energy and sustainability into physics education not only enhances the relevance of the curriculum but also increases students’ awareness of their roles in addressing global issues such as the energy crisis and climate change. This approach supports the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG 7 and SDG 13) and prepares students for future contributions to sustainable energy solutions.
The Role of Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) Larvae in Fresh Coffee Fruit Decomposition to Enhance the Organoleptic Parameters of the Roasted Coffee Beans
Authors: Ciptono  , Suhandoyo  , Harjana Tri 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) life cycle provides numerous benefits as a decomposer of organic materials. Its potency enhances the organoleptic parameters of roasted coffee beans. This study utilized a basic decomposed feeding medium, augmented with three types of coffee fruit: Arabica (A), Robusta (R), and Liberika (L), obtained from coffee plantations in the Magelang and Kendal Regencies. Aromatic compounds, including leaves from Basil (Ocimum sanctum - Ke), Katuk (Sauropus androgynus - Ka), Tea (Camellia sinensis - Te), and Beluntas (Pluchea indica - Lu), were also added. The treatments consisted of a positive control (K+) without aromatic leaves and a negative control (K-) without BSF larvae and aromatic leaves; all treatments were repeated three times. The rearing media box had a total weight of 500 grams. Each box was given 5 grams of biomass per box, five days after hatching larvae, until reaching the pupal period. Organoleptic parameters of roasted coffee beans resulting from the decomposition process of fresh fruit assisted by BSF larvae were evaluated by panel testers through tasting the coffee brews served. The taste was scored on a scale of 1 – 10 for all types of coffee and additional aromatic leaves. The organoleptic parameters test indicated that the sour taste score for all types of coffee and additional aromatic leaves was 3.92, reflecting a mild sour taste level to moderate. The bitter taste received a score of 3.98, indicating a mild to moderate intensity. The sweet taste, with an average score of 2.31, was very light. Meanwhile, the depth or aftertaste had an average score of 2.57, suggesting a relatively moderate intensity, especially for the sour and bitter taste of brewed coffee.
Kimchi from Vegetable Scrap as Implementation of Circular Economy – Case Study in Urban Area
Authors: Martono Viorenna Tannu , Montela Wendy , Venessa Michelle , Hendratno Setiani Putri , Romulo Andreas , John Lee Chuan Guan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This research aims that the vegetable scrap that can be used for making kimchi, can lower the vegetable waste in the modern market. The economic value of the kimchi from vegetable scrap can be seen from the factors including health and perceived value so that the kimchi can be sold to the public. The type of research carried out is mixed methods with the research methods such as observation, experiment, survey and interview. The research object that will be studied is kimchi made from vegetable scrap and respondents. The analyses that will be used are the result of processed data from experiment, survey and interview. The result that wants to be achieved is that the processed waste food product that can be produced from vegetable scrap at is kimchi. Processed kimchi is safe and suitable for eating. There are ninety percent of the respondents like the results of one-day fermentation from the scrap vegetables and have the desire to buy kimchi because of health factors and perceived value.