bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluación farmacológica y toxicológica "In vitro" de algunas plantas comúnmente empleadas en Guatemala contra la malaria
Authors: Beatriz Eugenia Medinilla Aldana 
Published: February 2025

La malaria, enfermedad aguda y frecuente crónica causada por parásitos del género Plasmodium, es aun la enfermedad parasítica más importante a nivel mundial. Se le encuentra en aproximadamente cien países, de los cuales sólo en Africa alrededor de un millón de niños muere anualmente a causa de esta enfermedad. Las razones por las cuales la malaria aun representa u n serio problema, son varias: la resistencia adquirida por los mosquitos a los insecticidas y la dificultad para implementar o mantener efectivos esquemas de control.
La resistencia de los principales agentes causantes, Plasmodium falciparum y Plasmodium vivax, a los clásicos medicamentos cloroquina primaquina, ha sido probablemente el problema más importante . Las migraciones poblacionales también han contribuido a que dicha resistencia se extienda a otras regiones.
Es así como ha surgido un gran interés a nivel mundial por buscar nuevos agentes antimaláricos con meca nismo de acción diferentes a los de los medicamentos ya disponibles, y debido a esto, la investigación sobre las plantas ha cobrado aun más importancia en la actualidad, sobre todo después del descubrimiento del nuevo agente antimalárico artemisinina, principio activo aislado de l a planta Artemissia annua, procedente de la China.
Aislamiento e identificación del virus de la bronquitis infecciosa aviar en Centro América
Authors: De Ramírez Escalante Paz , Marina Glenda , Richter M. Federico 
Published: February 2025

La industria avícola mueve anualmente grandes sumas de dinero por la importancia que tiene el consumo de huevos y carne de pollo e n la población. Debido a las características particulares de producción en masa y mantenimiento de las aves, la transmisión do agentes infecciosos es inminente y por lo tanto esto permite que las enfermedades de origen vírico o bacteriano se diseminen en las parvadas representando uno de los problemas más grandes en la industria avícola.
La Bronquitis Infecciosa Aviar, es una infección causada por un Coronavirus, y se manifiesta por afecciones respiratorias y por una considerable baja en la postura de las aves: por lo cual tiene una gran importancia dentro de la avicultura. La profilaxis, es el método más adecuado para el control de esta enfermedad, y por ello es imprescindible que los planes de vacunación sean exitosos.
En la actualidad, la bronquitis Infecciosa Aviar ha cobrado mucha atención, pues durante los últimos años se han manifestado numerosos brotes de los cuales se ha aislado el virus a partir de aves que han sido vacunadas adecuadamente con vacunas comerciales. El presente estudio demuestra que las cepas aisladas de estas aves son nuevos serotipos, diferentes de los descritos previamente y diferentes a los utilizados para prevenir la enfermedad.
Se analizaron tres virus aislados de brutos de campo de Guatemala, El Salvador y Costa Rica: con el objeto de conocer si estos correspondían antigenéicamente a las cepas vacunales Massachusetts y Arkansas usadas en dichos países. Y si entre ellas había también relación antigéníca. Para ello con las cinco cepas anteriormente mencionadas se produjeron antisueros en aves libres de patógenos yanticuerpos contra BIA; cada uno de ios virus fueron enfrentados a los cinco antisueros y además, a un suero control negativo. Se utilizó el método de Suero Neutralización en embriones de pollo, usendo la técnica de suero constante y virus diluido. Con los resultados obtenidos de las suero neutralizaciones, se obtuvo el Indico Neutralizante en cada prueba estableciéndose si exisía neutralizaciónes del virus por el antisuero. De estos resultados se concluye que el virus aislado en Guatemala, es antigen i camente diferente a las dos cepas vacunales usadas. El virus aislado en Guatemala, es antigé nicamente diferenle a las dos cepas vacunales usadas. El virus de El Salvador, en cambio corresponde antigénicamente a la cepa Arkansas. En el caso del virus de Costa Rica, se obtuvo neutralizaciones parciales en una vía, lo cual indica que éste posee relación con los demás virus; pero no se puede concluir sobre la identidad antigénica.
Editorial
Authors: Godoy Juan Carlos 
Published: February 2025

Guatemala ha venido sufriendo una crisis generalizada en varios órdenes principalmente en lo social y en lo ambiental. Por donde viajemos el deterioro se presenta: pérdida de la cobertura arbórea, extinción de especies y erosión, con claras repercusiones sobre la diversidad biológica y la productividad potencial futura.

El avance acelerado de la expansión urbana, que implica aumento de contaminación: problemas de salud y cambios en la expectativa de la vida de la población; una historia larga de gobiernos autoritarios en una sociedad dividida; una política económica equivocada, opuesta al crecimiento indefinido sin atender a la distribución del ingreso; el rezago tecnológico y una nefasta relación de endeudamiento externo, conforman algunos de los elementos que han llevado a Guatemala a la crisis.

Hoy el paístiene que afrontar un grave dilema: continuar una trayectoria que conduce irremediablemente al aumento de la pobreza, el atraso y la degradación ambien tal u optar por una estrategia de desarrollo que busque la sustentabilidad a través de un proceso generador de espacios democráticos, equitativos y de crecimiento económico que aproveche los recursos naturales de un modo renovable.
Actualización de la información de las áreas protegidas en Guatemala
Authors: Barrios Rosalito , Marroquín Dania , Coronado Enrique , Mercedes López Selva María , Valdez Olga Isabel 
Published: February 2025

En la década de los años 70 en Guatemala surgió la inquietud de preservar los recursos naturales del país; pero no fue sino hasta los años 1989 - 1990 en que el Gobierno de Guatemala legalizó las Areas Protegidas (AP), mediante el Decreto Ley 4-89, la creación del Consejo Nacional de Areas Protegidas (CONAP) y el Sistema Guatemalteco de Areas Protegidas (SIGAP).

Desde entonces surgió una gran demanda de información acerca de las AP, información que abarca un amplio rango temático y que es indispensable para implementar cualquier proyecto o actividad inherente a la protección de recursos naturales.

El principal objetivo de este proyecto de investigación fue recopilar toda la información existente sobre AP, analizarla, procesarlay publicarla para que las instituciones como CONAP, CONAMA, investigadores y consultores puedan utilizarla apropiadamente.

El presente informe describe la colección de datos más completa de 50 áreas protegidas (AP) de nuestro país, la cual está ordenada en una base de datos biológicos que administra el Centro de Datos para la Conservación (CDC) del Centro de Estudios Conservacionistas (CECON).

La mayor parte de los datos se obtuvieron directamente de las instituciones que administran las diferentes AP, de
publicaciones de investigadores efectuadas en dichas áreas y de las observaciones de campo efectuadas por el personal del Centro de Datos para la Conservación.

La información se presenta en un formato flexible y fácil de comprender, permite la divulgación de los datos y su actualización por parte de las diferentes instituciones e investigadores que trabajan con AP y consiste en lo siguiente:

1. DATOS GENERALES
2. LOCALIZACION
3. DESCRIPCION
4. ASPECTOS SOCIOECONOMICOS
5. ASPECTOS DE MANEJO
6. ELEMENTOS BIOLOGICOS
Studi Etnobotani Tumbuhan Obat di Kelurahan Pendahara Kecamatan Tewang Sangalang Garing Kabupaten Katingan
Authors: Araina Elga , Rahmi Ennike Gusti , Neneng Liswara , Basuki Bejo , Wijaya Nuriman , Akhmadi Akhmadi , Fahrina Ririn , Adam Chaidir , Panny Priscilla , Herniati Melly 
Published: February 2025

Pemanfaatan tumbuhan oleh suatu bagian masyarakat dalam cakupan budaya dikaji dalam cabang ilmu biologi khusus yaitu etnobotani. Etnobotani adalah ilmu yang mempelajari tentang hubungan antara manusia dengan tumbuhan dan lingkungannya berdasarkan kehidupan yang dialami oleh masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis tumbuhan apa saja yang dimanfaatkan sebagai obat oleh masyarakat lokal di Kelurahan Pendahara dan untuk mengetahui cara pengolahan serta penggunaan tumbuhan sebagai obat oleh masyarakat. Metode pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode survey eksploratif, yaitu sebuah penelitian yang ingin menggali sesuatu hal yang baru, yang belum banyak diketahui oleh khalayak, sehingga ingin dikaji lebih dalam dengan melakukan wawancara langsung dengan narasumber dan informan yaitu masyarakat di Kelurahan Pendahara. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan pemberian kusioner, observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ditemukan 16 jenis tumbuhan yang dapat digunakan sebagai obat tradisional. Jenis-jenis tumbuhan tersebut, yaitu Orthosiphon aristatus, tumbuhan petindis, Hippobroma longifora, Tinospora cordifolia, Arcangesia flava (L.) Merr, Annona muricate, Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L., Asplenium nidus L., Averrhoa bilimbi L., Areca catechu, Psidium guajava L., Cordyline, Acorus calamus L., Phyllanthus niruri L., Kalanchoe pinnata, dan Luvunga sarmentosa. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemanfaatan tumbuhan tersebut sebagai obat tradisional telah dirasakan khasiatnya pada pengobatan luar maupun pengobatan dalam.
Kualitas Bakteriologi (Fecal Coliform) Mata Air Desa Toobaun Kabupaten Kupang
Authors: Sarifan Gracyana Putri , Semiun Chatarina Gradict , Mamulak Yulita Iryani 
Published: February 2025

Mata air merupakan air tanah yang keluar dengan sendirinya ke permukaan tanah. Sumber air yang berasal dari mata air umumnya layak dikonsumsi secara langsung karena mengalami purifikasi secara alami, namun tingginya kebutuhan air bersih membuat mata air mendapat tekanan antropogenik yang dapat menurunkan kualitas mata air. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas Bakteriologi air mata air di desa Toobaun. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Most Probable Number (MPN), menggunakan seri lima tabung dengan ragam 5-5-5. Pengujian meliputi tiga tahap yaitu uji pendugaan, uji penegasan, dan uji lengkap. Data yang diperoleh disajikan dalam bentuk tabel kemudian dibandingkan dengan nilai MPN tabel dan dianalisis secara deskriptif dengan membandingkan nilai MPN dengan standar mutu kualitas air yaitu PP No. 22 Tahun 2021 (kelas I). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai fecal coliform untuk ditemukan sebesar 220 MPN/100ml dan belum memenuhi standar mutu PP No. 22 Tahun 2021 (Kelas I). Pada uji lengkap dengan menggunakan media EMBA ditemukan tiga jenis bakteri yang memiliki kemiripan karakteristik dengan Escherichia coli, Salmonella sp. Klebsiella sp. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian air di sumber mata air Toobaun tidak dapat dikonsumsi secara langsung sebelum diolah terlebih dahulu.
Khảo sát và đánh giá quy trình tách chiết và tạo đông của pectin từ lá sương sâm (Tiliacora triandra)
Authors: Thị Hồng Ngọc Phan , Kinh Kha Trần 
Published: February 2025

Nghiên cứu được thực hiện nhằm tìm hiểu quy trình thu nhận pectin có trong lá sương sâm, sử dụng acid citric ở các nồng độ (1, 3, 5, 7 và 9) % làm dung môi để ly trích pectin từ lá sương sâm; khảo sát nồng độ ethanol (50, 60, 70, 80 và 90) % thích hợp để kết tủa pectin từ lá sương sâm; khảo sát nhiệt độ sấy (60, 65, 70, 75 và 80) ℃ để thu nhận pectin và đánh giá khả năng tạo đông của pectin thu được sau ly trích. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy, (1) nồng độ dung môi acid citric 3 % là tốt nhất để ly trích hàm lượng pectin đạt 78,31 %; (2) ethanol ở nồng độ 90 % là nồng độ tốt nhất để độ kết tủa pectin đạt được 8,92 %; (3) nhiệt độ sấy ở 80 ℃ là nhiệt độ thích hợp để thu nhận hàm lượng pectin đạt 39,39 % và độ ẩm sản phẩm đạt 76,74 %. Đối với việc đánh giá sự tạo đông của pectin, sử dụng nước ép cam ở giá trị pH = 6 tạo ra thạch có độ nhớt cao nhất đạt 289.11cPs.
Verslaafd op voorschrift?
Authors: Ceuterick Melissa , Bracke Piet 
Published: February 2025

Addicted on prescription? How long-term users of sleep and tranquilising medications navigate stereotypes about addiction
Despite the biomedical disease model, substance use disorders, including those involving prescription drugs like benzo­diazepines, remain stigmatized. Media first portrayed drug-addicted patients in the 1980s as passive victims. Over time, the language of addiction, once used only for illicit drugs, began to include prescription medications, reinforcing negative public perceptions of risk and threat. Dependence on these medications, which already starts after two to four weeks of use, contributes to this stigma. Through discourse analysis of 30 interviews, we examine how long-term users of sedatives in Belgium manage and reinterpret their dependence, reframing their usage as controlled, necessary, iatrogenic, or a conquered addiction.
<span>T&Igrave;NH TRẠNG DINH DƯỠNG CỦA NGƯỜI BỆNH PHẪU THUẬT MỞ Ổ BỤNG TẠI BỆNH VIỆN ĐA KHOA TỈNH VĨNH PH&Uacute;C NĂM 2024</span>
Authors: Nguyễn Tuấn Phương , Phạm Thị Dung , Vũ Phong Túc , Phạm Thị Kiều Chinh 
Published: February 2025

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá tình trạng dinh dưỡng trước phẫu thuật mở ổ bụng của người bệnh tại Bệnh viện đa khoa tỉnh Vĩnh Phúc năm 2024.
Phương pháp: Nghiên cứu cắt ngang trên 112 người bệnh trước phẫu thuật mở ổ bụng. Tình trạng dinh dưỡng của người bệnh được đánh giá theo chỉ số nhân trắc (cân nặng, BMI, số đo vòng cánh tay), phương pháp SGA, albumin và hemoglobin máu.
Kết quả: Tỷ lệ người bệnh giảm cân không mong muốn trong 6 tháng gần đây từ 5 đến 10% trọng lượng cơ thể là 33,0% và 26,8% người bệnh giảm trên 10% trọng lượng cơ thể. Tỷ lệ suy dinh dưỡng theo BMI, chu vi vòng cánh tay là 15,2% và 26,8%. Theo phân loại SGA, 40,2% người bệnh SDD trong đó mức độ nhẹ đến vừa là 30,4% và mức độ nặng là 9,8%. Tỷ lệ người bệnh có albumin huyết thanh thấp là 40,2% và 39,3% thiếu máu.
Kết luận: Suy dinh dưỡng chiếm tỷ lệ khá cao ở người bệnh trước phẫu thuật mở ổ bụng tại Bệnh viện đa khoa tỉnh Vĩnh Phúc. Cần phối hợp nhiều phương pháp sàng lọc, đánh giá tình trạng dinh dưỡng người bệnh để tránh bỏ sót những người bệnh có nguy cơ suy dinh dưỡng.
<span>KHẢO S&Aacute;T T&Igrave;NH TRẠNG RỐI LOẠN LIPID M&Aacute;U Ở BỆNH NH&Acirc;N THẬN NH&Acirc;N TẠO CHU KỲ TẠI BỆNH VIỆN BẠCH MAI NĂM 2023-2024</span>
Authors: Nguyễn Thị Hằng , Lê Hạ Long Hải , Trịnh Thị Phương Dung 
Published: February 2025

Mục tiêu: Khảo sát tỷ lệ, đặc điểm rối loạn lipid máu và một số yếu tố liên quan đến rối loạn lipid máu ở bệnh nhân thận nhân tạo chu kỳ (TNTCK) tại trung tâm thận-tiết niệu lọc máu bệnh viện Bạch Mai.
Phương pháp: Nghiên cứu cắt ngang gồm 144 bệnh nhân TNTCT tại Trung tâm thận-tiết niệu lọc máu bệnh viện Bạch Mai
Kết quả: Tỷ lệ rối loạn lipid máu trên bệnh nhân TNTCK chiếm 78,5%; có 16% tăng cholesterol toàn phần, 29,2% tăng LDL-Cholesterol, 50,7% tăng triglyceride và 54,2% giảm HDL-C là 54,2%.38,7% bệnh nhân bị rối loạn 2 thông số lipid máu. Bệnh nhân bị rối loạn 3 và 4 thông số lipid lần lượt chiếm 14,4% và 9%. Nguy cơ tăng cholesterol máu cao gấp 3,1 lần, trong khi nguy cơ giảm HDL-Cholesterol thấp hơn 2,3 lần ở nữ so với nam.
Kết luận: Ở bệnh nhân TNTCK có tỷ lệ rối loạn các thành tố của rối loạn lipid máu cao, trong đó giảm HDL-Cholesterol và tăng triglyceride chiếm tỷ lệ cao nhất. Nguy cơ rối loạn lipid máu tăng lên khi thời gian TNTCK kéo dài và ở giới tính nam.Do đó cần xây dựng chương trình giáo dục sức khỏe và can thiệp phù hợp nhằm phòng chống vấn đề sức khỏe này.
Leadership in education: impact on management and decision making. Part 1
Authors: Acosta Daniel Román 
Published: February 2025

Introduction: The research addressed leadership as a key element in the organization and management of human groups, from its origins in the philosophical thought of Confucius, Plato and Aristotle to its application in organizational and educational management. The evolution of the concept of leadership was highlighted, from its association with military strategy in ancient Greece to its current importance in decision-making and conflict resolution in academic institutions. Based on a review of previous studies, the analysis of leadership in education was proposed in order to establish a theoretical basis for developing more effective strategies. Development: The study included a background analysis that allowed understanding the evolution of leadership and its impact on different organizations. Research was reviewed, such as that of González (2007), which examined leadership in conflict management in basic schools, and that of Espinoza (2007), which proposed models of managerial leadership in university faculties. In addition, González (2008) analyzed transformational leadership in university teachers, while Montilla (2008) studied the predominant styles in companies. Studies such as De Abreu (2012), who evaluated influence tactics in the effectiveness of leadership in higher education, and Sanchez (2013), who identified autocratic leadership in religious institutions, were also considered. Conclusions: The research concluded that leadership in the educational setting directly influences institutional management and decision making. It was determined that transformational and participative leadership are effective strategies to improve academic management and foster a collaborative environment. Finally, it was recommended to continue with studies that analyze the relationship between leadership and institutional performance, with the objective of optimizing the administration of educational institutions and strengthening the training of leaders.
Leadership in education: impact on management and decision making. Part 2
Authors: Acosta Daniel Román 
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Leadership has been the subject of multiple studies due to its impact on organizational management and team management. Different theorists, such as Krieger, Chiavenato and Yukl, analyzed leadership from an interpersonal influence perspective, highlighting its role in decision making and employee motivation. This research focused on the analysis of leadership characteristics, its styles and its influence on organizational dynamics. Development: The study made it possible to identify the essential features of leadership, such as the ability to influence, strategic vision, service vocation and humility. Also, different leadership styles were analyzed, from autocratic to transformational, and their effect on team motivation and performance. Decision-making was presented as a key factor in organizational management, showing that effective leaders knew how to adapt their approach according to the circumstances and the level of commitment of their followers. In addition, the importance of motivation within leadership was highlighted, pointing out that recognition, training and personalized attention were decisive in improving productivity and strengthening job satisfaction. Conclusions: It was concluded that leadership does not respond to a single ideal model, but must be adjusted to the needs of the organization and its members. Successful leadership is characterized by the ability to inspire, guide and empower human talent. Finally, it was recommended to continue researching the relationship between leadership, innovation and job satisfaction in order to improve management strategies in different organizational environments.
Implementation of Supervised Learning Algorithm on Spotify Music Genre Classification
Authors: Fiqri Muhammad , Lizen Farhan Bin Siddik , Ikrom Muhammad 
Published: February 2025

Spotify is a music streaming application that has been around since 2008. In the application, users can compile a playlist of songs they want to listen to. Users can determine the name of the singer, type of music, music genre and tempo of the music they want to listen to play as needed. The genre received by each user from his device will produce different recommendations, this is due to the classification process based on music listening behavior, such as songs that are often, rarely, or even never listened to or played at all by users. Therefore, the process of classifying music genres on spotify with the help of machine learning using supervised learning algorithms with algorithms namely Naïve Bayes, K-Nearest Neighbors (K-NN), Random Forest and Decision Tree with the aim of comparing the accuracy of each algorithm so as to get the best model for calcification. The results of this study obtained Random Forest has the highest accuracy value of 79.40%, followed by Decision Tree at 79.30%. In the next position Naïve Bayes with an accuracy value of 77.28%, the algorithm with the lowest accuracy is K-NN with an accuracy value of 60.74%. Meanwhile, evaluation with the t-test algorithm with the best performance is obtained from the Random Forest algorithm with a value of 0.794. It can be concluded that the best algorithm in music genre classification on Spotify is using Random Forest.
Vertigo in the Elderly
Authors: Ezgi Uçan Tokuç Firdevs 
Published: February 2025

Vertigo is a common symptom and a common cause of hospital admissions in the elderly. It can cause fractures in the elderly, especially due to falls, and contributes strongly to the burden of disability in people over 65 years of age. There are multiple etiologic causes of vertigo attacks in the elderly. This chapter will discuss the causes, symptoms, examination findings, and treatment modalities of vertigo in the elderly.
The Effect of Parental Anxiety on Postoperative Paediatric Cognitive Dysfunction
Authors: Koyuncu Tolga , Elgörmüş Merve 
Published: February 2025

Thanks to today’s developing technologies, the number of paediatric patients undergoing surgery is increasing. The possible negative effects on the psychological health of children undergoing surgery have been previously documented in the literature. These undesirable effects may be exacerbated, especially when families stress and anxiety levels are high. Unfortunately, parents stress, and anxiety also changes the child’s emotional state and negatively affect the child’s recovery process during postoperative follow-up. This situation may have a negative impact on the child’s short- and long-term psychological and physiological outcomes. While the negative effects we have mentioned may improve in children in the short term, unfortunately, they may also have effects that can last up to 1 year. In this article, we aimed to talk about the effects of parental anxiety on paediatric cognitive disorders.
Perspective Chapter: Homelessness – Poverty at Its Worst
Authors: W. Burnes Donald 
Published: February 2025

In the United States, homelessness has become a major social problem. Fueled by the rapidly increasing cost of housing, the recent influx of immigrants, and stagnant wages and job opportunities, increasing numbers of residents are finding themselves unable to afford to live in housing units in urban and suburban areas across the country. In this article, using a literature review approach, we will document the extent of the problem and will examine some of the reasons for this significant human tragedy. We explore various issues and barriers related to housing and to the income and wages needed to afford housing. We also suggest some possible ways to reduce the barriers, thus making housing more affordable. Spoiler alert: this is not a field research report. Rather, based on 40 years of working on homelessness, writing, teaching, researching the literature, and talking with knowledgeable experts, this is one person’s perspective on America’s failed attempts to end homelessness, along with a few suggestions for possible changes.