bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Positive Solutions for Systems of Quasilinear Equations with Non-homogeneous Operators and Weights
Authors: García-Huidobro Marta , Manasevich Raúl , Tanaka Satoshi 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
In this paper we deal with positive radially symmetric solutions for a boundary value problem containing a strongly nonlinear operator. The proof of existence of positive solutions that we give uses the blow-up method as a main ingredient for the search of a-priori bounds of solutions. The blow-up argument is one by contradiction and uses a sort of scaling, reminiscent to the one used in the theory of minimal surfaces, see [B. Gidas and J. Spruck, A priori bounds for positive solutions of nonlinear elliptic equations, Comm. Partial Differential Equations 6 1981, 883–901], and therefore the homogeneity of the operators, Laplacian or p-Laplacian, and second members powers or power like functions play a fundamental role in the method. Thus, when the differential operators are no longer homogeneous, and similarly for the second members, applying the blow-up method to obtain a-priori bounds of solutions seems an almost impossible task. In spite of this fact, in [M. García-Huidobro, I. Guerra and R. Manásevich, Existence of positive radial solutions for a weakly coupled system via blow up, Abstr. Appl. Anal. 3 1998, 1–2, 105–131], we were able to overcome this difficulty and obtain a-priori bounds for a certain (simpler) type of problems. We show in this paper that the asymptotically homogeneous functions provide, in the same sense, a nonlinear rescaling, that allows us to generalize the blow-up method to our present situation. After the a-priori bounds are obtained, the existence of a solution follows from Leray–Schauder topological degree theory.
Regular Versus Singular Solutions in a Quasilinear Indefinite Problem with an Asymptotically Linear Potential
Authors: López-Gómez Julián , Omari Pierpaolo 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe aim of this paper is analyzing the positive solutions of the quasilinear problem-(u′/1+(u′)2)′=λ⁢a⁢(x)⁢f⁢(u) in ⁢(0,1),u′⁢(0)=0,u′⁢(1)=0,-\bigl{(}u^{\prime}/\sqrt{1+(u^{\prime})^{2}}\big{)}^{\prime}=\lambda a(x)f(u)% \quad\text{in }(0,1),\qquad u^{\prime}(0)=0,\quad u^{\prime}(1)=0,whereλ∈ℝ{\lambda\in\mathbb{R}}is a parameter,a∈L∞⁢(0,1){a\in L^{\infty}(0,1)}changes sign once in(0,1){(0,1)}and satisfies∫01a⁢(x)⁢𝑑x<0{\int_{0}^{1}a(x)\,dx<0}, andf∈𝒞1⁢(ℝ){f\in\mathcal{C}^{1}(\mathbb{R})}is positive and increasing in(0,+∞){(0,+\infty)}with a potential,F⁢(s)=∫0sf⁢(t)⁢𝑑t{F(s)=\int_{0}^{s}f(t)\,dt}, quadratic at zero and linear at+∞{+\infty}. The main result of this paper establishes that this problem possesses a component of positive bounded variation solutions,𝒞λ0+{\mathscr{C}_{\lambda_{0}}^{+}}, bifurcating from(λ,0){(\lambda,0)}at someλ0>0{\lambda_{0}>0}and from(λ,∞){(\lambda,\infty)}at someλ∞>0{\lambda_{\infty}>0}. It also establishes that𝒞λ0+{\mathscr{C}_{\lambda_{0}}^{+}}consists of regular solutions if and only if∫0z(∫xza(t)dt)-1/2dx=+∞ or ∫z1(∫xza(t)dt)-1/2dx=+∞.\int_{0}^{z}\Biggr{(}\int_{x}^{z}a(t)\,dt\Bigg{)}^{-{1/2}}dx=+\infty\quad\text% {or}\quad\int_{z}^{1}\Biggr{(}\int_{x}^{z}a(t)\,dt\Bigg{)}^{-{1/2}}dx=+\infty.Equivalently, the small positive regular solutions of𝒞λ0+{\mathscr{C}_{\lambda_{0}}^{+}}become singular as they are sufficiently large if and only if(∫xza(t)dt)-1/2∈L1(0,z) and (∫xza(t)dt)-1/2∈L1(z,1).\Biggr{(}\int_{x}^{z}a(t)\,dt\Bigg{)}^{-{1/2}}\in L^{1}(0,z)\quad\text{and}% \quad\Biggr{(}\int_{x}^{z}a(t)\,dt\Bigg{)}^{-{1/2}}\in L^{1}(z,1).This is achieved by providing a very sharp description of the asymptotic profile, asλ→λ∞{\lambda\to\lambda_{\infty}}, of the solutions. According to the mutual positions ofλ0{\lambda_{0}}andλ∞{\lambda_{\infty}}, as well as the bifurcation direction, the occurrence of multiple solutions can also be detected.
Zwischen Ausweisung und Duldung. Die Situation der Breslauer Juden in der 1. Hälfte des 18. Jahrhunderts
Authors: Herzig Arno 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe situation of the Jews in Breslau in the first half of the 18th century was determined by various interested parties, from the Habsburg emperor as city lord to the council of the city and the monasteries in the suburbs. While the city council had not tolerated Jews in its area since the pogrom of 1453, the monasteries in the suburbs used the economic power of the Jews living there. The Emperor as King of Bohemia was interested in trading with Poland, allowing Polish Jewish merchants to settle in the city. While the emperor allowed Jewish citizens to trade within the city by passing a tax law in 1713, the city council tried to keep the Jews as much as possible away from the market. The situation remained undecided until 1742, when the annexation of Silesia created a new situation in Prussia. A law of 1744 guaranteed the establishment of the Jews in the city and the formation of a community, but the number of Jewish residents permitted in the city was kept very low.
Das antijüdische Ritualmordrelief von 1727 an der Wernerkapelle von Oberwesel und seine widerwillige Entfernung 1970
Authors: Karbach Walter 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis article describes a relief that was sculpted in 1727. The relief depicts a Good Friday scene in 1287, when Jews allegedly tortured and killed Werner of Oberwesel, who came to be venerated as a Christian saint. Attached to the Oberwesel Werner Chapel, the relief was near the vault of the chapel, where the ritualized murder of Werner supposedly took place. After his burial in neighbouring Bacharach, hundreds of Jews were attacked and murdered in Oberwesel, Boppard, as well as along the Rhine and Moselle Rivers. This story contributed to the defamation of Jews for centuries. It was, in fact, not until 1963 that the Diocese of Trier expunged Werner’s memorial day from its liturgical calendar. This article also demonstrates how the Nazis incorporated this relief into their anti-Semitic propaganda campaigns and shows how the relief was part of traditional worship in the area until it was reluctantly removed in 1970.
Enlightenment in the Name of Chinggis Khan: The Founding of the Eastern Mongolian Publishing House in Mukden 1926/27
Authors: Heuschert-Laage Dorothea 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This paper is devoted to one of the first commercial Mongolian publishing houses in Republican China, which was founded in Mukden in 1926/27 and existed until the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1931. With its broad spectrum of publications, which included a textbook for primary education, translations and advices for self-improvement, its educational approach differed from earlier Mongolian publishing activities. Its founders saw themselves on a mission for education and aimed to spread knowledge relevant for Mongols in a globally connected world by making Mongolian language print material easier accessible to a wider public.
The paper argues that the founders of the publishing house were fueled by ideas of social Darwinism and saw competition not only on a global scale but also within the Chinese Republic. For this reason, their publishing project was meant to strengthen Mongols as a distinct, unitary group within the multinational Chinese Republic. At the same time, they raised their own profile as cultural translators and presented themselves as a scholarly elite. The Mukden publishers tried to set themselves apart from the institutions, which had dominated the field of Mongolian book production so far, but made reference to familiar concepts of sponsoring in order to strengthen their arguments for commercial publishing.
Magicalized Socialism: An Anthropological Study on the Magical Practices of a Secularized Reincarnated Lama in Socialist Mongolia
Authors: Shimamura Ippei 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Socialist regimes lead by the Soviet Union were one of the great experiments for human life “without religions”. In Mongolia, as in other socialist countries, modernity was constructed by expelling religious practices from the sphere of everyday life in the name of atheism. However, modernity has never completely succeeded in fully establishing secularization anywhere in the world, and the phenomena of magico-religious practices continue and even are rampant, not least behind the facades in post-socialist countries. In other words, it can be said that the affiliation between secularization, de-sacralization, and modernity, which many scholars imagined, was just fantasy. Following the way in which Talal Asad examines the “novel” form of secularism present in Euro-American societies, it becomes quite easy to understand that socialist modernity was formulated as the “novel secular” by the Soviet Union. While examining Soviet-style atheism or Soviet-formed secularization, we need to rethink the practices that are “in between” the religious and the secular. Mongols have been practicing religion secularly. We see this in how selecting reincarnated lamas has been a political act, and in the way they have been practicing secular politics so religiously – for example, the importance of fortune telling and shamanism in political decision-making. Further, we need to note that the socialist expulsion of institutional aspects of religions such as churches, clergies, and religious scriptures resulted in the spread of magical/occult practices. In this paper we explore Mongol practices that are in between the religious and the secular by examining Buddhist practices in Zavkhan Province, where people maintained strong worship for reincarnated lamas secretly and in disguise during the socialist era.
New evidence of the Suess/de Vries cycle existing in historical naked-eye observations of sunspots
Authors: Ma Lihua , Vaquero José M. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractSolar activity affects geophysical and heliophysical processes. Long-term changes in solar activity are closely related to climate change. Solar physicists and earth science researchers need longer observations of solar activity. Current continuous observations of solar activity are only about 400 years. Some scholars have compiled naked-eye observations of sunspots from 200 BC to 1918 AD from historical documents. In this present work, the authors use the weighted wavelet transform to study the observations series. The results show the Suess - de Vries cycle with a period from 195- to 235-year existing in the discontinuous sunspot series. Meanwhile, the cycle signal changes with time. Especially, the Suess/de Vries cycle is relatively obvious from 200 BC to 400 AD, 800 AD to 1340 AD, 1610 AD to 1918 AD, with a period of about 211-year, about 195-year, and about 235-year, respectively.
Sensor-based ore sorting in 2020
Authors: Wotruba Hermann , Robben Christopher 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Sensor-based ore sorting is not a new technology. It has been around since more than 70 years, mainly for diamond concentration, where it was applied to eliminate the security risk of diamonds being stolen from the previously applied grease-tables [13]. Despite a few installations in uranium ore processing, it had no further widespread acceptance in the minerals industry, mainly due to low design capacity. Besides that, sensor-based colour sorters were used in the food industry for small particle sizes (e. g., rice cleaning). It is fact that the first machine designs appropriate for coarse bulk materials were not developed for the minerals industry, but for the upcoming recycling industry for plastics, glass, paper, metals in the late 1980s. In this sector, besides some magnetic separators, all the work was done by manual hand-picking, and it needed automation. After some years of optimization, these machines showed reliable performance under harsh conditions in scrap yards and recycling plants. Then, finally, the minerals industry, which at first was not convinced that this rather complicated machines were suited to be used with minerals, began with the first applications. These first installations of sensor-based ore sorters around the late 1990, all of them equipped with line-scan optical cameras, were mainly in industrial minerals, such as calcite, magnesite, quartz or rock salt. Since then, the technology has seen an enormous development in terms of available sensors, design capacity and availability, and the number of installations for minerals is growing – steadily but slower than expected, considering the many advantages it brings.
Characterizing material flow in sensor-based sorting systems using an instrumented particle
Authors: Maier Georg , Pfaff Florian , Bittner Andrea , Gruna Robin , Noack Benjamin , Kruggel-Emden Harald , Hanebeck Uwe D. , Längle Thomas , Beyerer Jürgen 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Sensor-based sorting is a well-established single particle separation technology. It has found wide application as a quality assurance and control approach in food processing, mining, and recycling. In order to assure high sorting quality, a high degree of control of the motion of individual particles contained in the material stream is required. Several system designs, which are tailored to a sorting task at hand, exist. However, the suitability of a design for a sorting task is assessed by empirical observation. The required thorough experimentation is very time consuming and labor intensive. In this paper, we propose an instrumented bulk material particle for the characterization of motion behavior of the material stream in sensor-based sorting systems. We present a hardware setup including a 9-axis absolute orientation sensor that is used for data acquisition on an experimental sorting system. The presented results show that further processing of this data yields meaningful features of the motion behavior. As an example, we acquire and process data from an experimental sorting system consisting of several submodules such as vibrating conveyor channels and a chute. It is shown that the data can be used to train a model which enables predicting the submodule of a sorting system from which an unknown data sample originates. To our best knowledge, this is the first time that this IIoT-based approach has been applied for the characterization of material flow properties in sensor-based sorting.
The new V-Model of VDI 2206 and its validation
Authors: Graessler Iris , Hentze Julian 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Since 2016, a new version of the VDI (German Association of Engineers) Guideline 2206 has been developed by the Technical Committee VDI GMA 4.10 “Interdisciplinary Product Creation”. This article presents the revision results of the VDI Guideline 2206:2004 “Design methodology for mechatronic systems”. The core content of the guideline is an updated and enhanced V-Model for Mechatronic and Cyber-Physical Systems. The inherent concern logic of the V-Model represents the logical sequence of tasks. Its key advantage lies in staying independent from the chosen form of project organization. This way, the V-Model can be applied in classically managed projects as well as in agile projects. In addition, the article describes how the revision was performed and which potentials were tapped. Based on the identified potentials, the new V-Model is derived, explained and illustrated. New contents such as the introduction of checkpoints and the integration of requirements engineering are explained in detail. Furthermore, the pursued scientific procedure and the results of the International Validation Workshop with 25 experts from science and industry are proposed.
Auf neuen Pfaden mit alten Spielen
Authors: Lorenz Andreas 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Videospiele sind Kulturgut und sollten als solches bewahrt und präsentiert werden. Hierzu gehört die Beschäftigung mit antiquarischen Spielen, den Retrogames, bei deren Nutzung Bibliotheken nicht auf Originalhardware setzen sollten, da die Geräte aussterben. Werden nun alte Spiele auf moderner Hardware wiedergegeben, so gibt es viel Fehlerpotential, welches dem Nutzer einen falschen Eindruck vermitteln und das Angebot scheitern lassen kann.
Ziel des Artikels ist Bibliotheken praktikable Lösungen zur Präsentation alter Computersysteme und -spiele vorzustellen und einige, im Retrogaming wichtige, technische Grundkonzepte zu erläutern, unter deren Beachtung Bibliotheken funktionell möglichst authentische Nachbildungen realisieren können.
International Trade and Productivity after Apartheid
Authors: Rubini Loris 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
International trade fell in South Africa from the 1970s to the mid-1990s, and climbed fast thereafter, coinciding with the imposition and later removal of apartheid sanctions. Productivity followed suit. This paper explores the extent to which the increase in trade can account for the increase in productivity after apartheid. I use a model of international trade with innovation and calibrate it to match key macroeconomic variables. Non-tariff barriers, mostly related to apartheid sanctions, account for over half the changes in aggregate productivity. Tariffs play a very minor role, in line with existing studies.
Programme for Harmonization to the International Scale in Latin America for BCR-ABL1 quantification in CML patients: findings and recommendations
Authors: Ruiz María Sol , Sánchez María Belén , Vera Contreras Yuly Masiel , Agrielo Evangelina , Alonso Marta , Altuna María Eugenia , Anchordoqui María Sol , Asinari Mariana , Bonetto María Elisa , Camargo Mauricio , Giere Isabel , González Javier , Granda Alacote Ana Cecilia , Guerra Javier , Gutiérrez Marina , Maldonado Cecilia , Makiya Ricardo , Manrique Gonzalo , Monaco María Eugenia , Rozo Juan Carlos , Santamaría Carlos , Seravalle Analía , Zea Olga , Zubillaga María Noel , Mordoh José , Larripa Irene , Bianchini Michele 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Objectives
The quantitation of BCR-ABL1 mRNA is mandatory for chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients, and RT-qPCR is the most extensively used method in testing laboratories worldwide. Nevertheless, substantial variation in RT-qPCR results makes inter-laboratory comparability hard. To facilitate inter-laboratory comparative assessment, an international scale (IS) for BCR-ABL1 was proposed.

Methods
The laboratory-specific conversion factor (CF) to the IS can be derived from the World Health Organization (WHO) genetic reference panel; however, this material is limited to the manufacturers to produce and calibrate secondary reference reagents. Therefore, we developed secondary reference calibrators, as lyophilized cellular material, aligned to the IS. Our purpose was both to re-evaluate the CF in 18 previously harmonized laboratories and to propagate the IS to new laboratories.

Results
Our field trial including 30 laboratories across Latin America showed that, after correction of raw BCR-ABL1/ABL1 ratios using CF, the relative mean bias was significantly reduced. We also performed a follow-up of participating laboratories by annually revalidating the process; our results support the need for continuous revalidation of CFs. All participating laboratories also received a calibrator to determine the limit of quantification (LOQ); 90% of them could reproducibly detect BCR-ABL1, indicating that these laboratories can report a consistent deep molecular response. In addition, aiming to investigate the variability of BCR-ABL1 measurements across different RNA inputs, we calculated PCR efficiency for each individual assay by using different amounts of RNA.

Conclusions
In conclusion, for the first time in Latin America, we have successfully organized a harmonization platform for BCR-ABL1 measurement that could be of immediate clinical benefit for monitoring the molecular response of patients in low-resource regions.
Stabilization patterns and variability of hs-CRP, NT-proBNP and ST2 during 1 year after acute coronary syndrome admission: results of the BIOMArCS study
Authors: van den Berg Victor J. , Umans Victor A.W.M. , Brankovic Milos , Oemrawsingh Rohit M. , Asselbergs Folkert W. , van der Harst Pim , Hoefer Imo E. , Kietselaer Bas , Crijns Harry J.G.M. , Lenderink Timo , Oude Ophuis Anton J. , van Schaik Ron H. , Kardys Isabella , Boersma Eric , Akkerhuis K. Martijn 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Details of the biological variability of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and ST2 are currently lacking in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) but are crucial knowledge when aiming to use these biomarkers for personalized risk prediction. In the current study, we report post-ACS kinetics and the variability of the hs-CRP, NT-proBNP and ST2.

Methods
BIOMArCS is a prospective, observational study with high frequency blood sampling during 1 year post-ACS. Using 1507 blood samples from 191 patients that remained free from adverse cardiac events, we investigated post-ACS kinetics of hs-CRP, NT-proBNP and ST2. Biological variability was studied using the samples collected between 6 and 12 months after the index ACS, when patients were considered to have stable coronary artery disease.

Results
On average, hs-CRP rose peaked at day 2 and rose well above the reference value. ST2 peaked immediately after the ACS but never rose above the reference value. NT-proBNP level rose on average during the first 2 days post-ACS and slowly declined afterwards. The within-subject variation and relative change value (RCV) of ST2 were relatively small (13.8%, RCV 39.7%), while hs-CRP (41.9%, lognormal RCV 206.1/-67.3%) and NT-proBNP (39.0%, lognormal RCV 185.2/-64.9%) showed a considerable variation.

Conclusions
Variability of hs-CRP and NT-proBNP within asymptomatic and clinically stable post-ACS patients is considerable. In contrast, within-patient variability of ST2 is low. Given the low within-subject variation, ST2 might be the most useful biomarker for personalizing risk prediction in stable post-ACS patients.
A hierarchical bivariate meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy to provide direct comparisons of immunoassays vs. indirect immunofluorescence for initial screening of connective tissue diseases
Authors: Orme Michelle Elaine , Andalucia Carmen , Sjölander Sigrid , Bossuyt Xavier 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Objectives
To compare indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) for antinuclear antibodies (ANA) against immunoassays (IAs) as an initial screening test for connective tissue diseases (CTDs).

Methods
A systematic literature review identified cross-sectional or case-control studies reporting test accuracy data for IIF and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), fluorescence enzyme immunoassay (FEIA), chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA) or multiplex immunoassay (MIA). The meta-analysis used hierarchical, bivariate, mixed-effect models with random-effects by test.

Results
Direct comparisons of IIF with ELISA showed that both tests had good sensitivity (five studies, 2321 patients: ELISA: 90.3% [95% confidence interval (CI): 80.5%, 95.5%] vs. IIF at a cut-off of 1:80: 86.8% [95% CI: 81.8%, 90.6%]; p = 0.4) but low specificity, with considerable variance across assays (ELISA: 56.9% [95% CI: 40.9%, 71.5%] vs. IIF 1:80: 68.0% [95% CI: 39.5%, 87.4%]; p = 0.5). FEIA sensitivity was lower than IIF sensitivity (1:80: p = 0.005; 1:160: p = 0.051); however, FEIA specificity was higher (seven studies, n = 12,311, FEIA 93.6% [95% CI: 89.9%, 96.0%] vs. IIF 1:80 72.4% [95% CI: 62.2%, 80.7%]; p < 0.001; seven studies, n = 3251, FEIA 93.5% [95% CI: 91.1%, 95.3%] vs. IIF 1:160 81.1% [95% CI: 73.4%, 86.9%]; p < 0.0001). CLIA sensitivity was similar to IIF (1:80) with higher specificity (four studies, n = 1981: sensitivity 85.9% [95% CI: 64.7%, 95.3%]; p = 0.86; specificity 86.1% [95% CI: 78.3%, 91.4%]). More data are needed to make firm inferences for CLIA vs. IIF given the wide prediction region. There were too few studies for the meta-analysis of MIA vs. IIF (MIA sensitivity range 73.7%–86%; specificity 53%–91%).

Conclusions
FEIA and CLIA have good specificity compared to IIF. A positive FEIA or CLIA test is useful to support the diagnosis of a CTD. A negative IIF test is useful to exclude a CTD.