bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Leaning-Against-the-Wind: Which Policy and When?
Authors: Cho Daeha , Mok Junghwan , Shim Myungkyu 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This paper quantitatively examines which of the following three widely-used leaning-against-the-wind policies is effective in stabilizing aggregate fluctuations: i) a monetary policy that responds to the loan-to-GDP ratio, ii) a countercyclical LTV policy, and iii) a countercyclical capital requirement policy. In particular, we estimate a New Keynesian model with financial frictions using U.S. data and find that a monetary policy rule that responds positively to the loan-to-GDP ratio Amplifies the macroeconomic fluctuations while a countercyclical LTV policy has almost no effect. On the contrary, a countercyclical capital requirement policy is the most desirable in stabilizing GDP, inflation, and loans. However, the stabilization effect of the optimal countercyclical capital requirement policy is concentrated during periods in which financial shocks played a large role.
Natural variation in stress response induced by low CO2 in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Wu Chunxia , Sun Yulou , Yang Guang , Li Li , Sun Wei , Wang Zenglan , Zhang Hui , Li Yuanyuan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractVariation in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration can dictate plant growth and development and shape plant evolution. For paired populations of 31 Arabidopsis accessions, respectively, grown under 100 or 380 ppm CO2, we compared phenotypic traits related to vegetative growth and flowering time. Four accessions showed the least variation in measured growth traits between 100 ppm CO2 and 380 ppm CO2 conditions, though all accessions exhibited a dwarf stature with reduced biomass under low CO2. Our comparison of accessions also incorporated the altitude (indicated in meters) above sea level at which they were originally collected. Notably, An-1 (50 m), Est (50 m), Ws-0 (150 m), and Ler-0 (600 m) showed the least differences (lower decrease or increase) between treatments in flowering time, rosette leaf number, specific leaf weight, stomatal density, and less negative δ13C values. When variations for all traits and seedset were considered together, Ws-0 exhibited the least change between treatments. Our results showed that physiological and phenotypic responses to low CO2 varied among these accessions and did not correlate linearly with altitude, thus suggesting that slower growth or smaller stature under ambient CO2 may potentially belie a fitness advantage for sustainable growth under low CO2 availability.
A real-time search strategy for finding urban disease vector infestations
Authors: Rose Erica Billig , Roy Jason A. , Castillo-Neyra Ricardo , Ross Michelle E. , Condori-Pino Carlos , Peterson Jennifer K. , Naquira-Velarde Cesar , Levy Michael Z. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Containing domestic vector infestation requires the ability to swiftly locate and treat infested homes. In urban settings where vectors are heterogeneously distributed throughout a dense housing matrix, the task of locating infestations can be challenging. Here, we present a novel stochastic compartmental model developed to help locate infested homes in urban areas. We designed the model using infestation data for the Chagas disease vector species Triatoma infestans in Arequipa, Peru.

Methods
Our approach incorporates disease vector counts at each observed house, and the vector’s complex spatial dispersal dynamics. We used a Bayesian method to augment the observed data, estimate the insect population growth and dispersal parameters, and determine posterior infestation probabilities of households. We investigated the properties of the model through simulation studies, followed by field testing in Arequipa.

Results
Simulation studies showed the model to be accurate in its estimates of two parameters of interest: the growth rate of a domestic triatomine bug colony and the probability of a triatomine bug successfully invading a new home after dispersing from an infested home. When testing the model in the field, data collection using model estimates was hindered by low household participation rates, which severely limited the algorithm and in turn, the model’s predictive power.

Conclusions
While future optimization efforts must improve the model’s capabilities when household participation is low, our approach is nonetheless an important step toward integrating data with predictive modeling to carry out evidence-based vector surveillance in cities.
Convexity of a discrete Carleman weighted objective functional in an inverse medium scattering problem
Authors: Thành Nguyen Trung 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We investigate a globally convergent method for solving a one-dimensional inverse medium scattering problem using backscattering data at a finite number of frequencies.
The proposed method is based on the minimization of a discrete Carleman weighted objective functional.
The global convexity of this objective functional is proved.
Reference intervals for platelet indices in seniors and frequency of abnormal results in a population-based setting: a comparison between directly and indirectly estimated reference intervals
Authors: Hermann Wolfgang , Risch Lorenz , Grebhardt Chris , Nydegger Urs E. , Sakem Benjamin , Imperiali Mauro , Renz Harald , Risch Martin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), and plateletcrit (PCT) possess diagnostic and prognostic capabilities in a variety of diseases. We aimed to establish reference intervals (RI) for platelet indices (PI) in seniors.

Methods
We established direct and indirect RI for MPV, PDW, and PCT in selected reference individuals aged 60 years and older. Abnormal PI were assessed in a population-based setting in the Principality of Liechtenstein, where 37.7% of the whole nation’s population aged 60 years and older had PI determined by hematology analyzers from Sysmex (Horgen, Switzerland).

Results
Among 689 female and 542 male participants, MPV and PDW did not exhibit age- and gender-specific differences, whereas PCT in females also displayed no age-specific differences. Age- and sex-independent RI were 9.3–12.5 fl for MPV and 10.1–16.7% for PDW, whereas the age-independent RI for PCT in women was 0.18–0.37. In males, age-specific RI for PCT were 0.16–0.30 (age 60–69), 0.15–0.33 (age 70–79), and 0.14–0.33 (age 80 and older). The population-based frequency of abnormal PI results was 0.8% (MPV), 1.1% (PDW), and 24.4% (PCT).

Conclusions
Applying novel RI for PI reveals that only approximately 1% of patients exhibit abnormal MPV and PDW. Abnormal PCT is observed much more frequently.
The strong nil-cleanness of semigroup rings
Authors: Ji Yingdan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we study the strong nil-cleanness of certain classes of semigroup rings. For a completely 0-simple semigroupM=ℳ0(G;I,Λ;P)M={ {\mathcal M} }^{0}(G;I,\text{&#x039B;};P), we show that the contracted semigroup ringR0[M]{R}_{0}{[}M]is strongly nil-clean if and only if either|I|=1|I|=1or|Λ|=1|\text{&#x039B;}|=1, andR[G]R{[}G]is strongly nil-clean; as a corollary, we characterize the strong nil-cleanness of locally inverse semigroup rings. Moreover, letS=[Y;Sα,φα,β]S={[}Y;{S}_{\alpha },{\varphi }_{\alpha ,\beta }]be a strong semilattice of semigroups, then we prove thatR[S]R{[}S]is strongly nil-clean if and only ifR[Sα]R{[}{S}_{\alpha }]is strongly nil-clean for eachα∈Y\alpha \in Y.
Crystal structure of 3,3′-(1,2-phenylene-bis(methylene))bis(1-vinyl- 1H-imidazol-3-ium) bis(hexafluoro phosphate)(V), C18H20F12N4P2
Authors: Ting Huang , Jin-Zhu Chen , Xu-Liang Nie , Jing Chen , Wan-Ming Xiong 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
C18H20F12N4P2, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 8.3185(9) Å, b = 21.883(2) Å, c = 13.4345(15) Å, β = 103.4730(10)°, V = 2378.3(5) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0470, wRref
(F
2) = 0.1305, T = 296(2) K.
Crystal structure of 4-bromo-N′-[3,5-dichloro-2-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]benzohydrazide methanol solvate, C15H13BrCl2N2O3
Authors: Xu Xindi , Huang Meifen , Wang Man , Li Tianyu , Wu Qiong 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
C15H13BrCl2N2O3, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 7.4135(4) Å, b = 13.3008(8) Å, c = 16.9956(7) Å, β = 104.445(2)°, V = 1622.88(15) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0380, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1031, T = 150(2) K.
Crystal structure of (E)-7-methoxy-2-((5-methoxypyridin-3-yl)methylene)-3,4- dihydronaphthalen-1(2H)-one, C18H17NO3
Authors: Luan Ming-Zhu , Meng Qing-Guo 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
C18H17NO3, triclinic,

P

1
‾

$P&#x203e;{1}$

(no. 2), a = 7.3950(5) Å, b = 8.6697(5) Å, c = 11.6813(9) Å, α = 85.457(6)°, β = 76.712(6)°, γ = 82.759(5)°, V = 722.07(9) Å3, Z = 2, R

gt
(F) = 0.0502, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1342, T = 99.9(3) K.
Tranquillity mapping in New Zealand national parks – a pilot study
Authors: Watts Greg , Pearse John , Delikostidis Ioannis , Kissick Johann , Donohue Brian , Dalley Jeff 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The tranquillity in national parks worldwide is currently under threat from intrusion of anthropogenic noise of a growing tourism industry and activity related to park management. This was addressed by creating informative tranquillity maps, where perceived tranquillity can be considered a key indicator of soundscape quality in natural areas. Tranquillity of an area can be assessed using TRAPT (Tranquillity Rating Prediction Tool), that has been developed and refined for assessing urban green spaces, national parks and wilderness areas in the United Kingdom. The subjective response to helicopter noise levels of a sample group of 35 people representing the general New Zealand population was obtained, based on visual and audio stimuli that were collected in Aoraki/Mt Cook National Park. These results were used to produce a revised TRAPT equation. It was discovered that levels under 32 dBA correspond to an excellent level of tranquillity. This threshold was used to produce a noise level exposure calculation for two national parks using noise prediction model AEDT (Aviation Environmental Development Tool). Contours representing tranquillity duration were then calculated and plotted, to serve as a planning tool for use by the Department of Conservation. A similar approach could be used for other national parks worldwide.
A public–private partnership to speed up potato breeding
Authors: Sharma Neeraj , Sanders Wichard , Graveland Robert , Schoper John , Campos Hugo 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe process to develop potato cultivars is complex and lengthy due to numerous reasons, viz., tetrasomic inheritance with heterozygous nature, large number of phenotypic recurrent selections, low efficiency of selections in early generations, slow multiplication rate of selected clones, and others. In Southeast Asia, varieties are primarily developed by public sector having poor seed multiplication facilities, and the complexity is further aggravated by the presence of few commercial seed multipliers. To speed up the breeding and selection processes and ensure the adoption of developed varieties by strengthening the seed value chain, a public–private partnership has been established between International Potato Center and HZPC, a leading private potato seed company. The adopted integrated breeding approach is a blend of modern and traditional breeding techniques involving shuttle breeding and stringent selection of disease-resistant cultivars through marker-assisted selection at early stage, followed by parallel evaluation in several environments and rapid disease-free multiplication of the elite material. This study simultaneously addresses the issues related to the extensive and complex variety registration process in the region by initiating discussion with the local authorities. The collaboration is likely to set norms for licensing and benefit-sharing between public and private partners in future alliances.
Socialisation écrite et rédaction épistolaire de scripteurs moins expérimentés – lettres des soldats de la Grande Guerre
Authors: Große Sybille , Sowada Lena 
Published: December 2020

AbstractJust recently, documents written by less skilled writers constitute an object of investigation in linguistics of different philologies. This contribution valorizes private letters as testimonies from writers of varying social status, as opposed to the elite, and furthermore describes the process and the context of their production. In this perspective, it is important to distinguish the process of acquisition of the written language and the complex cognitive and social process of writing. Dealing with private correspondence of writers with less experience, we focus on circumstances of the writing production in a familial and individual context. We investigate different influences on these texts: the writers’ specific writing socialization, an interrupted process of written language acquisition, specificities of colloquial everyday language as well as a lack of epistolary and writing experience. In order to realize the different writing tasks and to evoke intimacy, less-skilled writers acquire an inventory of creative tricks by following oral representations, by imitating strategies from the immediate communication and by using different linguistic and discursive routines.
Novel tetrazole PtII and PdII complexes with enhanced water solubility: synthesis, structural characterization and evaluation of antiproliferative activity
Authors: Serebryanskaya Tatiyana V. , Lyakhov Alexander S. , Ivashkevich Ludmila S. , Grigoriev Yuri V. , Kritchenkov Andreii S. , Khrustalev Victor N. , Tskhovrebov Alexander G. , Ivashkevich Oleg A. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Novel platinum(II) and palladium(II) chlorido complexes with tetrazole derivatives 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)tetrazole (het) and 1-[tris(hydroxymethyl)methyl]tetrazole (thm), viz. cis-[Pt(het)2Cl2], trans-[Pt(het)2Cl2], trans-[Pt(thm)2Cl2], trans-[Pd(het)2Cl2], and trans-[Pd(thm)2Cl2], were synthesized. The compounds were characterized by elemental and high-resolution electrospray ionization (HRESI) mass spectrometry, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), 1H, 13C and 195Pt nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, thermal analyses, and Infrared (IR) spectroscopy. Molecular and crystal structures of trans-[PdL2Cl2] and trans-[PtL2Cl2] (L = het, thm) were established by single-crystal X-ray analysis. The complex cis-[Pt(het)2Cl2] was found to undergo cis–to–trans isomerization upon heating in acetonitrile solution and in the solid state. The synthesized complexes show rather high water solubility lying in the range of 2–10 mg/L.
Phytochemical, antibacterial, antioxidant and cytoxicity investigation of Tarenna grandiflora
Authors: Zeutsop Jean Francois , Nono Raymond Ngansop , Frese Marcel , Chouna Jean Rodolphe , Lenta Bruno Ndjakou , Nkeng-Efouet-Alango Pépin , Sewald Norbert 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The phytochemical investigation of Tarenna grandiflora led to the isolation of 18 known compounds of which were four flavones, three anthraquinones, one phenyl propanoic derivative, five triterpenoids, four steroids and a mixture of glucose. Luteolin (1) and soranjidiol (6) were allylated and/or prenylated to give four new semisynthesized derivatives which were fully characterized as 7,3′,4′-O-triallylluteolin (1a), luteolin-7,3′,4′-O-triprenyls (1b), luteolin-5,7,3′,4′-O-tetraprenyls (1c) and 6-O-allylsoranjidiol (6a). Their structures were established using spectroscopic analysis including 1D, 2D NMR and MS data. The cytotoxic, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of extracts, fractions, isolated compounds and semi-synthesized derivatives were evaluated. The petroleum ether and EtOAc extracts exhibited good cytotoxic potency on KB-3-1 cell line with IC50 of >0.1 and 0.025 mg/mL respectively, while compounds 1b and 11 were the most active (IC50 > 0.0001 M). Compounds 1 and 3 showed the best antioxidant activities (45.5 and 55.8 µM); while compounds 9 and 12 showed the best antibacterial activities with MICs values ranges from 8.55 to 132 µM.
EFECTOS DEL EJERCICIO SOBRE LA FLEXIBILIDAD EN PERSONAS MAYORES DE 65 AÑOS
Authors: Matos-Duarte M. , Berlanga L.A. 
Published: December 2020

Es sabido que el envejecimiento provoca el deterioro de la condición física y sus componentes. Menores niveles de flexibilidad se asocian a una pérdida de la capacidad funcional, y la participación en programas de ejercicio físico supervisado podría mantener o mejorar los niveles de dicha cualidad física. En nuestro estudio, evaluamos la flexibilidad de 53 adultos mayores de 65 años (M=73,74±4,54 años) que participaban en un programa de ejercicio durante, al menos, 6 meses; utilizando los tests back scratch (TBS) y chair sit and reach (TCSAR). Al finalizar el programa, los resultados de flexibilidad resultaron estar dentro de los valores normativos de referencia; estando, en muchas ocasiones, por encima. En conclusión, mantenerse físicamente activo minimiza la pérdida de flexibilidad inherente al proceso de envejecimiento, incluso cuando la actividad física no está directamente dirigida a mejorar esa capacidad. Este hecho podría tener importantes repercusiones sobre la capacidad funcional y la calidad de vida de los adultos mayores.
Adesão à higienização das mãos dos profissionais da saúde em unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal
Authors: Contreiro Kátia dos Santos , Jantsch Leonardo Bigolin , Arrué Andrea Moreira , Oliveira Diúlia Calegari de , Bandeira Danieli 
Published: December 2020

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a adesão dos profissionais de saúde quanto à higienização das mãos em um serviço de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal. MÉTODO: Trata-se de uma pesquisa seccional, realizada por meio de um checklist utilizado pelo Serviço de Controle de Infecções Hospitalares para verificar a adesão das equipes multidisciplinares à higienização das mãos. A coleta ocorreu na unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal, em todos os turnos de trabalho. Foram contabilizadas 1096 observações, analisadas sob estatística descritiva. RESULTADOS: A taxa de adesão foi de 55,4%, destas 83% com água e sabão e 17% por fricção com álcool. O momento de maior adesão com água e sabão foi antes e após o contato com o paciente; e a ação com álcool, antes do contato com o paciente. Os fonoaudiólogos obtiveram a taxa mais elevada de higienização das mãos (93,7%). CONCLUSÃO: Verificou-se baixa taxa de adesão pelos profissionais de saúde à HM, exceto os fonoaudiólogos, especialmente após risco de exposição a fluídos corporais.
The informative value of magnetic resonance imaging with the application of the protocol of diffusion-weighted images in the assessment of the endometrium when multiple neoplasias
Authors: Diomidova V. N. , Safonova M. A. , Zakharova O. V. , Dmitrieva A. N. , Efimova O. A. 
Published: December 2020

Purpose of the study. To study the diagnostic informativeness of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with the assessment of diffusion- weighted images and the measured diffusion coefficient in the diagnosis of endometrial tumor lesions in polyineoplasias.Materials and methods. The article presents the results of a study of patients with synchronous and metachronous polyneoplasias who were in the AU "Republican clinical oncological dispensary" of the Ministry of health of the Chuvash Republic from 2014 to 2018. All were performed magnetic resonance imaging on Excelart Vantage Atlas (Toshiba, Japan, 1.5 T), ultrasound (Aplio, Xario and Nemio, Toshiba, Japan; Sono Scape, China), x-ray computed tomography on Light Speed VEX Plus and Light Speed RT 16 (GE, USA). All MRI results were compared with morphological data obtained afterhistomorphological examination of the postoperative material. The differences were considered significant at values p≤0.05.Results. 80 cases of endometrial tumor lesions in polyineoplasias (N1a) were detected, which was 44.7% of all cases of the main group (N1; n=179), of which metachronous polyineoplasias were found in 56 (70.0%), synchronous — in 11 (13.7%), combined — in 13 (16.3%) patients. The informative value of MRI in the diagnosis of malignant neoplasms with lesions of the endometrium when multiple neoplasias were: sensitivity of 91.3%, specificity — 82,4%, accuracy was 89.7% (p<0.001).Conclusions. Magnetic resonance imaging using the diffusion- weighted image Protocol with an assessment of the measured diffusion coefficient has shown high information both in the diagnosis of primary endometrial tumor lesions in primary multiple malignancies, and in establishing the stage of the tumor process and in the diagnosis of subsequent malignancies.
Blind to Chemistry: Molecular Contaminant Films We Could Be Missing During Visual Inspections and the Potential Impact to System Performance
Authors: Seasly Elaine , Wrigglesworth Walter 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Throughout the assembly, integration, and test process, molecular contamination levels of space mission hardware are monitored to meet system performance requirements. Qualitatively, reflective surfaces and witness mirrors are continuously inspected for the visible presence of molecular contaminant films. Quantitatively, periodic reflectance measurements of witness mirrors indicate changes of mirror reflectivity over time due to the accumulation of molecular contaminant films. However, both methods only consider the presence of a contaminant film and not the molecular composition. Additionally, there is a risk that hardware may appear to be “visibly clean” even with a molecular contaminant film present on critical surfaces. To address these issues, experiments were performed to quantify the maximum molecular contaminant film that could be missed in visual inspections on witness mirrors with five different contaminants present. The corresponding changes in mirror reflectivity were modeled using the program STACK to determine the impact to space mission hardware performance. The results of this study not only show the criticality in considering the chemical make-up of molecular contaminant films on system performance, but also the need to recognize and understand the limitations of traditional visual inspection techniques on detecting molecular contaminant films.
Intravitreal injection of avastin (Bevacizumab) from a single vial causing pseudo endophthamitis
Authors: Raj Kirthi , M Sadiqulla 
Published: December 2020

To study the occurrence of pseudo endophthalmitis among patients undergoing intravitreal avastin (Bevacizumab) under various indications. A retrospective analysis of case records of patients who developed an inflammatory reaction after Intravitreal avastin (Bevacizumab) was done. Eight of the twenty-Eight patients (28.5%) developed pseudo endophthalmitis. However, the repeated culture of aqueous or vitreous samples did not show any bacterial or fungal growth. All patients showed precipitation of drug in vitreous with the resolution of symptoms after 10 weeks of intensive oral and topical steroid treatment. Intravitreal avastin (Bevacizumab) can result in pseudo endophthalmitis though it is a diagnosis of exclusion given many complications, a larger clinical trial of intravitreal avastin (Bevacizumab) is needed to rationalize its use.