bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of age on thromboembolic events in patients with non‐valvular atrial fibrillation
Authors: Kim Yun Gi , Choi Jong‐Il , Boo Ki Yung , Kim Do Young , Hong Yeji , Kim Min Sun , Lee Kwang‐No , Shim Jaemin , Kim Jin Seok , Kim Young‐Hoon 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundAge is a well‐established risk factor for thromboembolic events in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). However, the mechanism underlying the association between age and thromboembolic events in AF remains unknown.MethodsThe prognostic value of age as a risk factor for thromboembolic events was analyzed using data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service (NHIS). In a large‐scale single‐center registry, cardiac hemodynamic parameters were examined to elucidate the cause of increased risk of thromboembolic events in older patients.ResultsNHIS sample cohort data including 5896 patients with AF revealed that the risk of thromboembolic complication differed significantly according to age despite equal CHA2DS2‐VASc score. In the registry of 2801 patients, age showed significant correlations with left atrium (LA) diameter, LA volume, E/e′, pulmonary artery pressure, and LA appendage flow velocity. Older patients had a significantly higher prevalence of spontaneous echocontrast (odds ratio [OR] = 1.030; P < .001). Age (OR = 1.031; P < .001), E/e′ (OR = 1.065; P = .004), and LA appendage flow velocity (OR = .988; P = .009) were significant predictors for thromboembolic events in multivariate analyses. In data from the NHIS, CHA2DS2‐VASc score did not outperform age to predict thromboembolic events.ConclusionsAge is a significant risk factor for thromboembolic events in patients with AF, and old age is associated with adverse cardiac hemodynamics. This study suggests that older patients with AF are at high risk of thromboembolic events regardless of CHA2DS2‐VASc score.
Synthesis of Photothermally Stable Triangular Silver Nanoplates for SERS Applications, Photokilling of Bacteria
Authors: Fan Ranran , Yang Yushan , Xue Jin , Zhang Fang , Sun Jie , Xu Hui , Jiang Tingting 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe developed a facile seeded‐growth strategy to synthesize triangular silver nanoplates with enhanced photothermal stability, in which zwitterionic buffers, hydroquinone (HQ) served as shape‐directing, reducing agents, respectively. Compared to the Ag nanoplates synthesized by the thermal methods reported before, the Ag nanoplates prepared in this study still retained the sharp tips of nanoplates, maintained excellent near infra‐red (NIR) surface plasmon resonance (SPR) properties after repeated NIR irradiation. The enhanced photothermal stability could enable the as‐prepared Ag nanoplates serve as stable substrates for bacterial surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) applications. Meanwhile, the Ag nanoplates synthesized in this study also yielded a steady‐state photothermal conversion efficiency up to 40%, giving effective photothermal therapy (PTT) towards antibiotic resistant bacteria.
A Zirconium Indazole Carboxylate Coordination Polymer as an Efficient Catalyst for Dehydrogenation‐Cyclization and Oxidative Coupling Reactions
Authors: Sang Xinxin , Hu Xinyu , Tao Rong , Zhang Yilin , Zhu Haiyan , Wang Dawei 
Published: November 2019

AbstractRational ligand design is crucial for achieving widespread applications of coordination polymers. The preparation, structural characterisation, and catalytic applications of zirconium (IV) coordination polymer (Zr‐IDA), which was derived from 1‐(carboxymethyl)‐1H‐indazole‐5‐carboxylic acid are reported. The Zr‐IDA catalyst contains porous and highly crystalline particles with a quasi‐spherical morphology around 100 nm in size, and Zr was coordinated with both O and N as shown by FT‐IR and XPS measurements. Importantly, the Zr‐IDA catalyst shows great activity, selectivity and stability in the oxidative coupling of benzyl cyanides with tert‐butyl hydroperoxide to afford tert‐butyl peresters, and the dehydrogenation cyclization of o‐phenylenediamines with aromatic alcohols to afford 1,2‐disubstituted benzimidazole derivatives. Mechanistic investigations were carried out to study these reactions and the developed catalytic system in more detail.
Top‐Down Extraction of Silk Protein Nanofibers by Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents and Application in Dispersion of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes for Wearable Sensing
Authors: Tan Xingxing , Wang Yaqing , Du Weihong , Mu Tiancheng 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWith typical nanofibrous structure, silks spun by silkworms and spiders are the representative fibrous proteins that embody excellent mechanical properties and biological functions. However, it is still a challenge to directly extract silk nanofibers (SNFs) from natural silk fibers, to retain their nanostructures and properties, by a human‐ and environment‐friendly approach for practical applications. Here, an all‐natural strategy for simple, green, and scalable extraction of silkworm and spider silk protein nanofibers in natural deep eutectic solvents has been developed. The liquid‐exfoliated SNFs have adjustable diameters from 20 nm (at the single SNF scale) to 100 nm and could be dispersed in water and organic solvents, enabling the production of useful macroscopic biomaterials. The free‐standing SNF membranes made from silkworm silk nanofibers (SSNFs) exhibited cytocompatibility, flexibility, and excellent mechanical performance, providing the ability to fabricate sustainable materials for tissue engineering and green electronics. Moreover, the SSNF could be used as a green and efficient dispersant of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), and the SSNFs/MWCNTs nanocomposite membranes could be used in wearable devices to monitor human activities.
Dual‐collaborative DoS/DDoS mitigation approach in information‐centric mobile Internet
Authors: Chen Jia , Jia Haiyu , Liu Qi 
Published: November 2019

SummaryThe amount of wireless traffic is increasing at an overwhelming speed. Information‐centric networking (ICN) has been proposed as a promising Future Internet Architecture, which can reduce network traffic by putting data objects toward the edge. It is expected that in information‐centric mobile Internet (ICMI), the wireless traffic can be significantly reduced. Yet, DoS/DDoS attack becomes a critical issue in ICMI by causing wireless gateway blockade. To tackle the problem, we propose a dual‐collaborative DoS/DDoS mitigation approach (DCMA) and advanced DCMA to protect wireless gateways. In the algorithm, the attackers' visiting information including international mobile equipment identity (IMEI) and data object name (DON) are analyzed jointly to accurately identify potential attackers through the collaboration between the Internet and mobile network. In addition, the attacker's behaviors are analyzed centrally, and security strategies are applied distributively throughout wireless edge through the collaboration between wireless core network (CN) and radio access network (RAN). Extensive simulations are performed to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms. The results demonstrate that advanced DCMA can achieve high DDoS and attacker detection probability and small false positive probability.
Buildings provide vital habitat for little brown myotis (Myotis lucifugus) in a high‐elevation landscape
Authors: Johnson Joseph S. , Treanor John J. , Slusher Alexandra C. , Lacki Michael J. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBats in North America are currently experiencing dramatic population declines due to the disease white‐nose syndrome. The long‐term viability of vulnerable species requires recognition of critical habitats, including those also occupied by humans. Our study aimed to quantify the importance of buildings to little brown myotis (Myotis lucifugus) in Yellowstone National Park, a high‐elevation landscape with relatively few human structures and abundant alternative roosting habitat. We measured roost preferences and thermoregulation in adult male and female bats roosting in buildings, trees, and rocks using temperature‐sensitive radio‐transmitters. We also studied microclimates within each roost type for comparison to roost preferences. We found reproductive females roosting in building attics on 84% of all possible days, while males roosted exclusively in rock crevices or in trees. This dichotomous roosting pattern reflected differences in roost microclimates. All roost types buffered bats from daily minimum ambient temperatures; however, buildings were more insulated from low ambient temperatures during the middle of the maternity season. Male bats roosting in rocks and trees predominantly thermoconformed to roost temperatures, while females roosting in buildings sustained higher body temperatures than males throughout the day. Pregnant and lactating females also used torpor frequently, with skin temperatures reaching <10°C, and a gestation period lasting 49–89 d. These results show that cool summer temperatures at high elevations present an energetic challenge to little brown myotis. Buildings provide critical habitat for reproductive females and likely allow for larger populations than would be possible in their absence, making these roosts a priority for long‐term conservation of this declining species.
The rise of a native sun coral species on southern Caribbean coral reefs
Authors: Hoeksema Bert W. , Hiemstra Auke‐Florian , Vermeij Mark J. A. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn contrast with a general decline of Caribbean reef corals, a previously rare sun coral is increasing in abundance within shallow coral communities on Curaçao. This azooxanthellate scleractinian was identified as Cladopsammia manuelensis, which has an amphi‐Atlantic distribution. Over the last decade, C. manuelensis has increased abundance along the leeward coast of Curaçao (southern Caribbean) between depths of 4 and 30 m. This species was initially not noticed because it resembles the invasive coral Tubastraea coccinea, which was introduced to Curaçao from the Indo‐Pacific around 1940. However, in contrast to T. coccinea, C. manuelensis was previously only present on deeper reef sections (>70 m) of Caribbean reefs. Our observations illustrate how the sudden increase in abundance of a previously unnoticed, apparently cryptogenic species could result from natural dynamics on present‐day reefs, but also could easily be mistaken for an invasive species. The finding that deep reef sections can harbor species capable of colonizing shallower reef zones highlights the importance of thorough inventories of reef communities across large depth ranges, which can help us to discriminate between range increases of native species and the arrival of invasives.
Geographic isolation, pollination syndromes, and pollinator generalization in HimalayanRoscoeaspp. (Zingiberaceae)
Authors: Paudel Babu Ram , Kessler André , Shrestha Mani , Zhao Jian Li , Li Qing‐Jun 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe pollination syndromes have been widely used to predict effective pollinators of plant species and provide the mechanistic explanation of floral diversity. However, in recent years, the predictive applicability of pollination syndromes has been frequently questioned. The accuracy of the syndromes among the closely related plant species may vary temporally and spatially. This suggests the need for the standardized, comprehensive evaluation of factors influencing the matching of a pollination syndrome of a plant species to the predominant pollinator community. We studied the pollination biology of three geographically/phenologically isolated alpine gingers (Roscoea auriculata,Roscoea capitata, andRoscoea tumjensis) exhibiting the correlated suites of floral traits that suggest long‐tongued insects as major pollinators, to test for the predictive power of the respective pollination syndrome. We also tested if geographical and temporal isolation affects interspecies breeding system and extent of pollinator generalization. We demonstrate that the threeRoscoeaspecies are self‐compatible but lack autonomous selfing, and thus completely rely on pollinators for pollination success. Five years of observations demonstrate that only diurnal insect visitors foraged on the flowers of the threeRoscoeaspecies. Estimates of the pollinator importance (pollen deposition) of the observed floral visitors indicate that morphologically mismatched bumblebees contribute more than 90% of pollination service in all the threeRoscoeaspecies, while long‐tongued butterflies and moths function as nectar robbers. We found that geographical isolation and temporal variation in flowering period does not affect the breeding system and pollinator generalization in the threeRoscoeaspecies. The three geographically and phenologically isolated HimalayanRoscoeaspp., with long‐tongued insect pollination syndrome, exhibit generalized pollination system and primarily rely on the morphologically mismatchedBombusspecies for pollination success. While, for threeRoscoeaspp., our result suggests that pollination syndromes are a weak predictor of efficient contemporary pollinator community, it also substantiates the role of non‐pollinator agents for the evolution of floral traits. The evolution ofBombuspollination in these alpine gingers suggests how the mismatch between plant and pollinator phenology can lead to the emergence of novel reproductive strategies among the congeners, which ultimately seems to play a key role for the speciation and diversification of the genusRoscoeain the Himalayas.
A stabilized mixed method applied to Stokes system with nonhomogeneous source terms: The stationary case Dedicated to Prof. R. Rodríguez, on the occasion of his 65th birthday
Authors: Barrios Tomás P. , Behrens Edwin M. , Bustinza Rommel 
Published: November 2019

SummaryThis article is concerned with the Stokes system with nonhomogeneous source terms and nonhomogeneous Dirichlet boundary condition. First, we reformulate the problem in its dual mixed form, and then, we study its corresponding well‐posedness. Next, in order to circumvent the well‐known Babuška‐Brezzi condition, we analyze a stabilized formulation of the resulting approach. Additionally, we endow the scheme with an a posteriori error estimator that is reliable and efficient. Finally, we provide numerical experiments that illustrate the performance of the corresponding adaptive algorithm and support its use in practice.
Beer‐spoilage characteristics of Staphylococcus xylosus newly isolated from craft beer and its potential to influence beer quality
Authors: Yu Zhimin , Luo Qiuying , Xiao Li , Sun Yumei , Li Rong , Sun Zhen , Li Xianzhen 
Published: November 2019

AbstractTo meet demands for fresh flavor and unique taste from beer consumer, there is an increase in the popularity of craft beer, which is more susceptible to microbial contamination than the industry beer. A beer‐spoilage strain was isolated from craft beer and identified as Staphylococcus xylosus strain BS7. The isolate BS7 showed that high beer‐spoilage ability at low temperature (4°C), low pH (4.0) and high ethanol concentration (7.0%, v/v). Compared with the other known strains of S. xylosus, strain BS7 was resistant to hop compounds and had an evolutionary stability in hop resistance. Strain BS7 was able to grow quickly and utilizes nutrients in commercial beer, produces organic acids and biogenic amines, and changes beer flavor profile. These results suggest that S. xylosus strain BS7 is a beer‐spoilage strain with the danger, which can lead to the beer‐spoilage issues during craft beer production.
Getting into sync: Data‐driven analyses reveal patterns of neural coupling that distinguish among different social exchanges
Authors: Špiláková Beáta , Shaw Daniel J. , Czekóová Kristína , Mareček Radek , Brázdil Milan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn social interactions, each individual's brain drives an action that, in turn, elicits systematic neural responses in their partner that drive a reaction. Consequently, the brain responses of both interactants become temporally contingent upon one another through the actions they generate, and different interaction dynamics will be underpinned by distinct forms of between‐brain coupling. In this study, we investigated this by “performing functional magnetic resonance imaging on two individuals simultaneously (dual‐fMRI) while they competed or cooperated with one another in a turn‐based or concurrent fashion.” To assess whether distinct patterns of neural coupling were associated with these different interactions, we combined two data‐driven, model‐free analytical techniques: group‐independent component analysis and inter‐subject correlation. This revealed four distinct patterns of brain responses that were temporally aligned between interactants: one emerged during co‐operative exchanges and encompassed brain regions involved in social cognitive processing, such as the temporo‐parietal cortex. The other three were associated with competitive exchanges and comprised brain systems implicated in visuo‐motor processing and social decision‐making, including the cerebellum and anterior cingulate cortex. Interestingly, neural coupling was significantly stronger in concurrent relative to turn‐based exchanges. These results demonstrate the utility of data‐driven approaches applied to “dual‐fMRI” data in elucidating the interpersonal neural processes that give rise to the two‐in‐one dynamic characterizing social interaction.
Cerebellar‐hippocampal processing in passive perception of visuospatial change: An ego‐ and allocentric axis?
Authors: Hauser Maximilian F. A. , Heba Stefanie , Schmidt‐Wilcke Tobias , Tegenthoff Martin , Manahan‐Vaughan Denise 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn addition to its role in visuospatial navigation and the generation of spatial representations, in recent years, the hippocampus has been proposed to support perceptual processes. This is especially the case where high‐resolution details, in the form of fine‐grained relationships between features such as angles between components of a visual scene, are involved. An unresolved question is how, in the visual domain, perspective‐changes are differentiated from allocentric changes to these perceived feature relationships, both of which may be argued to involve the hippocampus. We conducted functional magnetic resonance imaging of the brain response (corroborated through separate event‐related potential source‐localization) in a passive visuospatial oddball‐paradigm to examine to what extent the hippocampus and other brain regions process changes in perspective, or configuration of abstract, three‐dimensional structures. We observed activation of the left superior parietal cortex during perspective shifts, and right anterior hippocampus in configuration‐changes. Strikingly, we also found the cerebellum to differentiate between the two, in a way that appeared tightly coupled to hippocampal processing. These results point toward a relationship between the cerebellum and the hippocampus that occurs during perception of changes in visuospatial information that has previously only been reported with regard to visuospatial navigation.
Materials Modelling of π‐Phase Monochalcogenides
Authors: Segev Elad , Argaman Uri , Makov Guy 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe π‐phase monochalcogenides are a recently discovered new family of cubic semiconductors with band gaps in the infrared. Unusually, they consist of a low‐symmetry, non‐centrosymmetric 64 atom simple cubic unit cell and thus may be expected to present exceptional physical properties. Furthermore, they have been obtained only in nanometric form, which raises questions concerning their thermodynamic stability. In a series of studies over the last three years, the authors and others have attempted to unravel the nature and properties of this family of materials through ab‐initio materials modelling. An integrated overview of these works is presented here.
Determinants of financial crises—An early warning system based on panel logit regression
Authors: Jemović Mirjana , Marinković Srđan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractDespite the fact that different types of financial crises are rooted in similar weaknesses of economy or may have common determinants, the very transmission mechanism may determine one category as leading or lagging behind others. We are focused on financial crises that necessarily have the features of systemic banking crises and assess econometric early warning system of 64 systemic banking crises that occurred in the period from 1977 to 2013. The paper employs two different procedures, based on panel logit regression. The dynamic discrete‐choice (binary) early warning model clearly outperformed the static model. The set of significant explanatory variables changed relative to the findings of the static model. The most significant predictor of the crises in the better performing model is deposit insurance system, followed by international reserves, M2‐to‐international reserves ratio, M2 multiplier, bank deposits, and bank reserves ratio. The statistical significance of the lagged variable confirmed the necessity to take the effect of crisis persistence into account.
Expediting redox kinetics of sulfur species by atomic‐scale electrocatalysts in lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Li Bo‐Quan , Kong Long , Zhao Chang‐Xin , Jin Qi , Chen Xiao , Peng Hong‐Jie , Qin Jin‐Lei , Chen Jin‐Xiu , Yuan Hong , Zhang Qiang , Huang Jia‐Qi 
Published: November 2019

AbstractLithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries have extremely high theoretical energy density that make them as promising systems toward vast practical applications. Expediting redox kinetics of sulfur species is a decisive task to break the kinetic limitation of insulating lithium sulfide/disulfide precipitation/dissolution. Herein, we proposed a porphyrin‐derived atomic electrocatalyst to exert atomic‐efficient electrocatalytic effects on polysulfide intermediates. Quantifying electrocatalytic efficiency of liquid/solid conversion through a potentiostatic intermittent titration technique measurement presents a kinetic understanding of specific phase evolutions imparted by the atomic electrocatalyst. Benefiting from atomically dispersed “lithiophilic” and “sulfiphilic” sites on conductive substrates, the finely designed atomic electrocatalyst endows Li–S cells with remarkable cycling stablity (cyclic decay rate of 0.10% in 300 cycles), excellent rate capability (1035 mAh g−1 at 2 C), and impressive areal capacity (10.9 mAh cm−2 at a sulfur loading of 11.3 mg cm−2). The present work expands atomic electrocatalysts to the Li–S chemistry, deepens kinetic understanding of sulfur species evolution, and encourages application of emerging electrocatalysis in other multielectron/multiphase reaction energy systems.