bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Calcareous Nannofossil Assemblages of Tonasa Formation Palakka Area, South Sulawesi: Implication of Paleoenvironmental application
Authors: Farida M , Jaya A , Sato T 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Tonasa limestone formation in this area consists of interbedded between marl and limestone, which were developed intensively in the marine environment from the Late Eocene to Oligocene. One important component of this rock is Calcareous nannofossil as the primary production of CaCO3. The aim of this study are to obtain data from the distribution of calcareous nannofossil, assemblages and early investigation about the implications for the paleoenvironment. Calcareous nannofossil is a good indicator for determining paleoenvironmental conditions such as modern coccolithophores that show seawater stratification. The material under study came from the outcrops of the Barru River, which were collected by measuring section method, then the samples were prepared using the smearslide technique. The result are the presence some marker species such as Sphenolithus distentus, Distyococcites bisectus, Zygrhablithus bijugatus, Phontosphaera enormis, Cyclicarg, olithus abisectus, Sphenolithus predistentus, Discoaster saipanensis, Spenolithus pseudoradians. The presence of Discoaster as typical warm water organism characterize the deep photic zone, therefore indicates stratified water colomn as well as deepened nutricline.
Numerical Examination of Metamaterial Concentrator Design for High Efficient Thermal Energy Harvester
Authors: Muslimin Zaenab , Kaikatui Rapha Nichita , Palantei Elyas , Areni Intan Sari , Syarif Syafruddin , Suyuti Ansar , Indrabayu  , Pala’biran Merandy 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Nowadays, research on energy harvesting is highly interest to harvest more waste thermal energy which produced by any kind of thermal engine in our daily life. Thermal metamaterials, designed by transformation thermodynamics are artificial structure that can actively control heat flux at a continuum scale. However, right now the problem of using metamaterial on thermal harvesting is to know what is the best shape design, configuration, and best material to obtain highly efficient on thermal energy harvesting because of the number of research on this field is limited. Flower-shaped metamaterial thermal concentrator has developed and it showed that the design can performed well on directing heat flux to specific location. However, the Flower-shaped metamaterial design that has been conducted before not optimized yet. In the current paper, the numerical simulation and analysis for several metamaterial and shape construction variations were performed using Ansys Workbench™ to characterize the best configuration to optimizing flower-shaped thermal concentrator. A number of interesting numerical computation presented on this research manuscript including total heat flux, temperature distribution, and thermal concentrator efficiency on the surface of the constructed concentrator. The aim of this paper is to provide more reference on metamaterial design for thermal harvesting.
Analysis of Natural Light Distribution in the Building
Authors: Jamala Nurul , Rahim Ramli , Mulyadi Rosady 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Global warming affect the condition of the sky and also affect the temperature on the earth surface. Changes in sky conditions affect the distribution of light into the building. Sunlight is a natural light source in the morning, afternoon and evening. Utilization of natural lighting into buildings, can reduce energy use as an artificial lighting source. Phinisi Tower Building has a unique form of hyperbolic paraboloid, so it can be a guide in designing buildings. This building needs to be analyzed, how the distribution of light into the building, so it can become a guide in buildings design. The purpose of this study is how the influence of position, floor height and window openings on the building envelope to the distribution of natural light. Quantitative research method is to analyze the level of illumination inside and outside the building in the form of tables and graphs. The result of research is illuminance level of daylight depends on the sky condition and it have affect the light distribution into the building. The increased light distribution at the height of the floor. As well as of window opening on the building envelope (top lighting and side lighting) have effect on the level of illuminance in the building. The distribution of natural light will increase during the day, if the sky condition does not change in one day.
Optimization of stirring parameters on the rheocast microstructure and mechanical properties of aluminum alloy ADC12
Authors: Rasyid Syaharuddin , Renreng Ilyas , Arif Effendy , Arsyad Hairul , Syahid Muhammad 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This paper presents an experimental design approach for the optimization process parameters for the aluminum solid alloy casting of ADC12 alloys. To achieve this goal, the stirring time parameter and stirring speed are selected and two levels of this parameter are considered. Design of expert (DOE) of tests was used for experimental design and analysis of results. The aluminum ADC12 slurry is stirred by a mechanical stirrer (straight plate stirrer models) at 610°C with a variation of speed 250, 300, 350 rpm for 20, 40, 60 seconds. Furthermore, the aluminum slurry of ADC12 is poured on a metal mold with temperature 600°C. The microstructure characteristics were examined by direct observation using optical microscopy, secondary α-Al phase dendrite arm spacing and shape factor were identified. The mechanical properties were investigated by the hardness test and tensile test. The microstructure and mechanical properties of aluminum alloys ADC12 made with semi-solid rheocasting casting technology using several parameters stirring have been studied, and the results obtained can be synergized as follows. The highest mechanical properties (Hardness 122,5 HB, Tensile strength 238.2 N / mm2) occur at 300 rpm stirring speed and 20 seconds stirring time. Secondary Dendrite Arm Spacing (SDAS) lowest occurred at 25 rpm stirring speed and 20 seconds stirring time of 13.93 μm. The highest shape factor occurs at 300 rpm stirrer spin and 20 seconds stirring time of 0.47. The optimal stirring parameters recommended for producing a hardness response of 122,071 HRC, tensile strength 236,271 N / mm2, Shape Factor (SF) 0.38994, and Secondary Dendrite Arm Spacing (SDAS) are 317 rpm (stirring speed) and 20 seconds (stirring time).
Fuel Production and Materials Synthesis by In-liquid Plasma
Authors: Nomura Shinfuku 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The in-liquid plasma process has been utilized to produce fuel gases from various liquids such as hydrocarbon and alcohol liquids, electrolytes, waste oil, biomass solutions, including glucose and cellulose, as well as to synthesize Zn, ZnO, WO3, Mg(OH)2 nanoparticles and diamonds. Using this technology, zero-emission hydrogen generation could become possible because it enables liquids to be directly broken down by plasma, making possible the decomposition of waste substances while producing useful materials. The application of the in-liquid plasma process for hydrogen production, decomposition of biomass, and synthesis of materials has already produced significant results. These highlight data will provide new information on “in-liquid plasma application.
Analysis of ignition delay and burning rate of dammar resin
Authors: Jamal Jamal 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This study aims to determine the ignition delay and the burning rate of dammar resin. The test is carried out by observing the process starting with the fall of the dammar resin above the furnace then starting to form until the combustion process ends. Observations were made using a Canon G15 digital camera that has the ability to record movies at speeds of 240 f/s. The analysis was carried out by first changing the recording results into an image using the program free video to jpg converter v.5.0.43 build 605. The results were obtained in the form of the mass relation of dammar resin material (g) to the ignition delay (s) in the equation

Y
I

=
−
170
,
8.

X
w
2

+
8
,
258.

X
w

+
1
,
631

. The mass relationship of dammar resin material (g) with the duration of combustion time (s) in the equation Ythe t
= 87,64.Xw
+ 1,373. The mass relation of dammar resin material (g) to the burning rate (g/s) in the equations

Y

v
m

=
−
0
,
497.

X
w
2

+
0
,
099
.

X
w

+
0
,
004

. The relationship of the initial diameter of dammar resin (mm) on the flame distribution rate (mm2/s) in the equation

Y

v
D

=
−
0
,
051
.

X
D
2

+
0
,
306
.

t
h
e

X
D

+
2
,
368

.
Performance of Candlenut Shell (Alleuretus moluccana) Based Supercapacitor Electrode with Acid Electrolytes and Their Salts
Authors: Zakir M. , Kasim H. , Raya I. , Lamba Y. , Nuratisah  , Belen Jorge A. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Candlenut shell was used as the precursor for activated carbon-based electrodes which prepared through two stages, namely carbonization and activation. The surface of the activated carbon was modified with HNO3. Characterization of carbons and activated carbon was performed by SEM, BET, FT-IR test and capacitance analysis using Cyclic Voltammetry. The result of SEM analysis shows that carbon pore formation has occurred after activation with H3PO4. The surface area of carbon and activated carbon determined by the BET method is 125,828 m2/g and 142,435 m2/g, respectively. The results of FTIR and Boehm titration analysis showed an increase in oxygen-containing functional groups after modification with HNO3. Based on the results of the analysis using Cyclic Voltammetry obtained the highest specific capacitance of unmodified activated carbon is 145.49 mF/g in H2SO4 0.5M electrolyte. In addition, the highest specific capacitance of activated carbon modified with HNO3 is 155.92 mF/g obtained in HCl 0.1 M electrolyte. In the same condition, the contribution of salt electrolyte (Na2SO4 0.5 M and 0.1 M) in the specific capacitance of candlenut shell based supercapacitor electrodes is a little bit lower compared to the acid electrolytes.
Interacting Propeller Thrust for Navigating Omni-Directional Remotely Operated Vehicle
Authors: Rahimuddin  , Rivai Haryanti , Hasan Hasnawiyah 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The role of underwater vehicles in surveying, observation, search and rescue activities are increasing along with the development of the underwater positioning technology, such as sonar technology, underwater modem, etc. These technology help to develop the navigation algorithms, such intelligent system are developed in operating the vehicle autonomously or controlled. The Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) is equipped four fixed horizontal propellers installed at 45-degree angle to axis and one vertical propeller. The propellers are controlled simultaneously to drive the vehicle in multi-direction. Mapping movement strategy of interacting propeller were studied to control the vehicle’s movement and increase the of ROV performance.
Performance of a 90°-Bent Bladed Vertical Axis Wind Turbine Model with Various Numbers of Blades
Authors: Sule Luther , Mochtar Andi Amijoyo , Jalaluddin  
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This study aims to design a vertical axis wind turbine that can effectively harness the power of wind. This was performed by designing and testing a vertical axis wind turbine with 2, 3 and 4 blades bent at 90° angles in wind speeds between 1.6 m/s and 4.2 m/s for every type of wind turbine. The results show that 2-blade vertical axis wind turbines coefficient of power (CP) = 0.28 is most capable of converting wind power into electricity with wind speeds of 3.4 m/s and 3-blade wind turbines CP = 0.40 in wind speeds of 2.2 m/s, and 4 blade wind turbines CP = 0.25 performed best in wind speeds of 2.4 m/s. The CP of all three wind turbines decreased as wind speeds increased to 4.2 m/s. The examination and calculation analysis results indicate that 3-blade wind turbines work more effectively than 2-blade and 4-blade wind turbines due to the asymmetric positioning creating a relatively small drag, and the distance between each blade and the shaft of the wind turbine creates a rift allowing for wind to flow which results in the blades hitting other. This increases the blades momentum leading to less turbulence for 3-blade wind turbines.
Construction and analysis of a district heating / cooling network system based on thermal bus
Authors: Xu T , Yan J , Wang H , Wang X L , Zhu T , Wang H Y 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
A district energy system based on “thermal bus” was proposed, in which the heating and cooling water transmission processes shared one set of the distribution pipe network. Combined with the gas energy stations, ground source heat pumps, small-scale photovoltaic power stations and rooftop solar collectors and other facilities, it provided the users in the region with heating in winter, cooling in summer and power supply all year round. From the perspective of the bidirectional (supply/return) flow of heat energy along the thermal bus, the mathematical model of the main equipment applied for the source, pipe network, load and storage was established. The optimization model with the lowest system operation cost was proposed considering the fuel cost, the external electricity purchase fee and the satisfaction degree of all users' energy demand. The operation cost and energy consumption of the regional energy system scheme and the traditional distributed energy system scheme are studied by a practical case study. The results showed that the new scheme reduces the operating cost by 21.5% and 16.8% respectively under the typical weekly scenarios of cooling in summer and heating in winter. When no storage equipment was used, the new scheme reduced the amount of purchased electricity in summer and winter by 4.1% and 5.2% respectively.
Thermal and mechanical characteristics of contact friction pair based on 3-D wheel/rail-foundation contact vertical system
Authors: Wei Y P , Wu Y P 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The main goal of this article is to analyze the influence of wheel/rail friction heat on the wheel/rail contact friction pair. The nonlinear constitutive relation and heat conduction equation are established firstly. In addition, a direct coupling model of 3-D wheel/rail-foundation contact vertical system is established. The mechanical, thermal and geometrical characteristics of wheel/rail friction pair are researched. The results show that the temperature rise on the wheel/rail contact surface is significant, and the influence of friction heat on the contact patch, contact pressure and stress is obvious. However, the influence focuses on the surface and subsurface of the wheel/rail contact. Once the depth reaches certain distance below the contact surface, the influence can be ignored. The temperature does not change when the distance to the rail surface surpasses 3.28 mm; also the influence of temperature rise on the stress becomes very weak when the distance exceeds 8.05 mm.
The estimation method of time of on-orbit spacecraft cabin decompression based on effective circulation area
Authors: Zhang Y , Sun P , Liang Z W , Dong W P 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This paper presented a method to estimate the pressure relief time of spacecraft cabin by testing a single component in the airway. Comparison between the theoretical prediction and experimental measurement indicates that there exits two methods which can effectively predict the pressure relief time of spacecrafts: measuring the effective flow area each single component or direct measurement of the effective flow area of the pressure relief system composed of single component. It also should be noted that the latter one can bring about a smaller error. Therefore, when conditions were met, the measurement and calculation of the system composed of components could more accurately predict the time required for the spacecraft pressure to drop to the target point.
Investigations on the thermal behavior and associated thermal stresses for short pulse laser heating
Authors: Xue D W , Wang J B , Xu G Y 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The fractional type Cattaneo heat conduction equation and the associated thermal stress equation are established for studying the thermal and related stress behavior of the short pulse laser heating. With the Laplace transform method, the analytical solution of the temperature distribution and thermal stress field are derived. Compared to the classical Fourier heat transfer model and the standard C-V one, the results of the present model show the thermal diffusion feature as well as the thermal wave behaviour, which is more realistic. Furthermore, the influences of the fractional order parameter on the thermal and related stress behavior are discussed. The thermal velocity, thermal variation rate and the peak value of the temperature and the thermal stress depend on the fractional order parameter. The fractional type Cattaneo heat model and associated thermal stress exhibit the non-local nature.
Astigmatic Gaussian beams: exact solutions of the Helmholtz equation in free space
Authors: Kiselev Aleksei P , Plachenov Alexandr B 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Exact solutions of the 3D Helmholtz equation in free space are presented in the form of a superposition of plane waves. The solutions asymptotically reduce to general astigmatic Gaussian beams and include no backward waves.
Manipulation of a weak signal pulse by optical soliton via double electromagnetically induced transparency
Authors: Chen Zhiming , Xie Hongqiang , Zhou Qi , Tan Chaohua 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
We propose a scheme to realize the manipulation of a weak signal pulse by ultraslow optical soliton in a coherent inverted-Y-type atomic system via double electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). Based on Maxwell-Bloch equations, we derive nonlinear equations governing the spatial-temporal evolution of the probe and signal pulse envelopes. We show the giant enhancement of optical Kerr nonlinearity can be obtained under the condition of the double EIT, which results in the generation of a (2+1)-dimension optical soliton and can realize the manipulation of a weak signal pulse. Applying a far-detuned laser field to the system, we find that a weak signal pulse can be trapped by a (3+1)-dimension light bullet. In particular, the trajectories of the light bullet and trapped signal pulse can be manipulated and controlled by introducing a Stern–Gerlach gradient magnetic field. The results predicted here may not only open a route for the study of weak-light nonlinear optics but also have potential applications in the precision measurements and optical information processing and transmission.
Ways of thinking about ways of being
Authors: Rettler Bradley 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Monism about being says that there is one way to be. Pluralism about being says that there are many ways to be. Recently, Trenton Merricks and David Builes have offered arguments against Pluralism. In this paper, I show how Pluralists who appeal to the relative naturalness of quantifiers can respond to these arguments.
The illness-death model for family studies
Authors: Lee Jooyoung , Cook Richard J 
Published: October 2019

SummaryFamily studies involve the selection of affected individuals from a disease registry who provide right-truncated ages of disease onset. Coarsened disease histories are then obtained from consenting family members, either through examining medical records, retrospective reporting, or clinical examination. Methods for dealing with such biased sampling schemes are available for continuous, binary, and failure time responses, but methods for more complex life history processes are less developed. We consider a simple joint model for clustered illness-death processes which we formulate to study covariate effects on the marginal intensity for disease onset and to study the within-family dependence in disease onset times. We construct likelihoods and composite likelihoods for family data obtained from biased sampling schemes. In settings where the disease is rare and data are insufficient to fit the model of interest, we show how auxiliary data can augment the composite likelihood to facilitate estimation. We apply the proposed methods to analyze data from a family study of psoriatic arthritis carried out at the University of Toronto Psoriatic Arthritis Registry.
Clinical significance of pulmonary nodules in decision-making and management of patients diagnosed with esophageal cancer
Authors: Dellaportas D , Laliotis A , Zylstra J , Davies A , Gossage J A ,   Guy’s & St Thomas’ Oesophago-Gastric Research Group
Published: October 2019

SUMMARY
In esophageal cancer, metastatic spread to the lungs is detected in 4–9.7% of cases. During staging investigations, 22% of patients have pulmonary nodules detected on cross-sectional imaging. The purpose of this study is to elucidate the clinical importance of these incidentally found pulmonary nodules, in patients with clinically localized esophageal cancer. A retrospective cohort study was conducted from January 2008 to December 2012 in a tertiary esophagogastric referral center. One-hundred and forty-nine patients were included in the study. All patients underwent dedicated staging followed by neoadjuvant chemotherapy and surgery as indicated. Thirty-three (22.1%) patients had pulmonary nodules found in their preoperative staging. Only three (9%) patients proved to develop metastatic pulmonary disease on follow-up. Interestingly, in all three patients, the nodules were negative on initial 18−fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography.
Incidentally found pulmonary nodules in newly diagnosed patients with esophageal cancer during staging investigations are rarely metastases. Such nodules, in isolation, should not preclude patients from radical treatment.
Delayed prescribing of antibiotics for acute respiratory infections by GP registrars: a qualitative study
Authors: Dallas Anthea , Davey Andrew , Mulquiney Katie , Davis Joshua , Glasziou Paul , Van Driel Mieke , Magin Parker 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
Antibiotic prescribing for acute self-limiting respiratory tract infections (ARTIs) in Australia is higher than international benchmarks. Antibiotics have little or no efficacy in these conditions, and unnecessary use contributes to antibiotic resistance. Delayed prescribing has been shown to reduce antibiotic use. GP registrars are at a career-stage when long-term prescribing patterns are being established.

Aim
To explore experiences, perceptions and attitudes of GP registrars and supervisors to delayed antibiotic prescribing for ARTIs.

Design and setting
A qualitative study of Australian GP registrars and supervisors using a thematic analysis approach.

Method
GP registrars and supervisors were recruited across three Australian states/territories, using maximum variation sampling. Telephone interviews explored participants’ experience and perceptions of delayed prescribing of antibiotics in ARTIs. Data collection and analysis were concurrent and iterative.

Results
A total of 12 registrars and 10 supervisors were interviewed. Key themes included the use of delayed prescribing as a safety-net in cases of diagnostic uncertainty or when clinical review was logistically difficult. Delayed prescribing was viewed as a method of educating and empowering patients, and building trust and the doctor–patient relationship. Conversely, it was also seen as a loss of control over management decisions. Supervisors, more so than registrars, appreciated the psychosocial complexity of ARTI consultations and the importance of delayed antibiotic prescribing in this context.

Conclusion
Better awareness and understanding by GP registrars of the evidence for delayed antibiotic prescription may be a means of reducing antibiotic prescribing. Understanding both registrar and supervisor usage, uncertainties and attitudes should inform educational approaches on this topic.