bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and Correlates of Depressive Symptoms Among High School Adolescent Girls in Southern Uganda
Authors: Nabunya Proscovia , Damulira Christopher , Byansi William , Muwanga Joelynn , Bahar Ozge Sensoy , Namuwonge Flavia , Ighofose Eloho , Brathwaite Rachel , Tumwesige Wilberforce , Ssewamala Fred M 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
BackgroundIn sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), adolescent girls and young women are three times more likely than boys to have depressive disorders. Understanding adolescents’ unique and common vulnerabilities and protective factors is essential for the development of appropriate interventions and programming focused on child and adolescent mental health. This paper examines the prevalence and predictors of depressive symptoms among high school adolescent girls in southern Uganda.MethodsBaseline data from 1260 adolescent girls (14–17 years), recruited from 47 secondary schools were utilized. Depressive symptoms were estimated using the 21-item Beck’s Depression Inventory. Hierarchical linear regression modelling was utilized to estimate key predictors of depressive symptoms among adolescent girls.ResultsOf the total sample, 16.35% (n = 206) reported severe depressive symptoms and almost one in every three adolescent girls interviewed (29.68%, n = 374) reported moderate symptoms. These symptoms were more prevalent among older adolescents (16 years and above). In addition, family relationships, social support, as well as measures of psychological wellbeing (self-concept and self-esteem) were all associated with lower levels of depressive symptoms. Hopelessness was associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms among adolescent girls.ConclusionFindings from this study contribute to the limited literature on the prevalence of depressive symptoms among adolescent girls. Given that depressive symptoms tend to increase during later adolescence, our findings support increasing calls for early screening and detection of poor mental health functioning to facilitate timely referral to care and treatment. Findings may also inform the development and incorporation of gender-specific mental health components in programming targeting adolescent girls, in low-resource communities in SSA.Trial Registration:This trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (registration number: NCT03307226) on 11 October 2017.
Antineuroinflammatory effects of dl-3-n-butylphthalide conferred by stimulation of Foxp3 and Ki-67 in an ischemic stroke model
Authors: Liu Xi , Liu Runzhe , Fu Dongxu , Wu Hao , Zhao Xin , Sun Yi , Wang Meng , Pu Xiaoping 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background

Dl-3-n-butylphthalide (NBP) has been widely used for the treatment of ischemic stroke in China. However, its mechanisms of action have not been fully elucidated.
Methods

We established a permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO) rat model and administered 4 mg/kg/d NBP by tail vein injection for 9 days. Changes in some molecules related to neuroinflammation, neovascularization and nerve regeneration were observed, such as MALDI-TOF MSI to study the distribution of phospholipids in the brain, LA-ICP MSI to observe the changes of Foxp3, Ki-67 and pCREB, immunohistochemistry to investigate NLRP3 and its downstream inflammatory products Caspase-1 and IL-1β.
Results

These results showed that NBP attenuated ischemic damage in pMCAO rats, accompanied by improving neurological deficits. It was revealed for the first time in an animal stroke model that NBP decreased the levels of PE (18:0), NLRP3, Caspase-1 and IL-1β, while increasing the levels of several phospholipids, such as PA (16:0/18:1), PA (18:0/22:6), PE (16:0/22:6), PE (P-18:0/22:6), PE (18:0/22:6), PS (18:0/22:6), PI (18:0/20:4), Foxp3, Ki-67 and pCREB, in the ischemic brain region.
Conclusion

These results provide evidence that NBP can reduce neuroinflammation in brain tissue and promote the regeneration of nerves and blood vessels, thus exerting a protective effect on neuromorphology and function.
Association Between Personal Values in Adolescence and Subjective Well-Being and Subjective Health Status in Adulthood: A Cross-Sectional Study with Retrospective Recall
Authors: Iida Mako , Watanabe Kazuhiro , Yasuma Naonori , Nishi Daisuke , Kawakami Norito 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Backgrounds: Subjective well-being and subjective health status are significant indicators of healthy lives, and might be influenced by personal values shaped in adolescence. However, there are no studies that have examined the association between personal values in adolescence and subjective well-being in adulthood. The purpose of this study was to investigate this association in a large community adult sample in Japan. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study with retrospective recall, using data from a Japanese study on stratification, health, income, and neighborhood (J-SHINE) survey. We used data for demographic variables and outcome variables (i.e., meaning in life, life satisfaction, and subjective health status) in a Wave 1 survey, and data regarding personal values (i.e., value priorities based on Schwartz’s theory of basic values and commitment to values) at the age of 15 in a Wave 3 survey. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to investigate the association between personal values at the age of 15 and meaning in life, life satisfaction, and subjective health status in adulthood. Results: A total of 2,413 adults from the J-SHINE sample were included in the analysis. The adolescent values of “having influence on society,” “actively challenging,” “having and keeping a belief,” “exploring what you were interested in,” “graduating from a famous school,” and commitment to values were positively and significantly associated, while “being evaluated by others” in adolescence was negatively associated with meaning in life in adulthood. At the same time, commitment to values in adolescence was positively and significantly associated with life satisfaction in adulthood. With subjective health status in adulthood, the adolescent value of “graduating from a famous school” had a positive and significant correlation, while “maintain a stable life” had a negative and significant association. Conclusions: Personal values related to openness to change and self-enhancement, and commitment to values in adolescence might be associated with better subjective well-being and subjective health status in adulthood. The findings could be useful for programs that invest in adolescence, which can bring many benefits to adulthood.
Associations of living environment and lifestyle factors with sub-health status: A population-based cross-sectional study in urban China
Authors: xue Yunlian , liu guihao , Feng Yefang , Xu Mengyao , Jiang Lijie , Lin Yuanqi , Wu Chengkai , Xu Jun , Li Wenyuan 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background

Sub-health status (SHS) is an increasingly concerned issue with a high prevalence worldwide. Although some factors of lifestyle and environment has been study, few studies have determined comprehensively the associations of lifestyle and living environmental factors with general, physical, mental and social SHS.
Methods

A cross-sectional face-to-face survey (Sep 2017 to Sep 2018) was conducted via questionnaire among 6,750 urban residents aged 14 years and above randomly selected from five Chinese cities. There were 5,881 valid questionnaires with a response rate of 87%. General linear model and structure equation model were developed to quantifying the effects of lifestyle behaviors and living environmental factors on SHS.
Results

Detection rates of general SHS, physical SHS, mental SHS and social SHS were 66.7%, 67.0%, 65.5% and 70.0%, respectively. Significant association of general SHS, physical SHS, mental SHS and social SHS had been found in smoking, bad dietary habits, breakfast consumption, physical exercise, sleep duration, air, neighbor harmony and living convenience, instead of noiseless. However, associations of general SHS, physical SHS, mental SHS and social SHS were different for second-hand smoking influence, alcohol consumption, sunshine, Bedtime before 11 pm, surfing the internet, greenery, air, pleasant housing, spacious rooms and fitness facility. Good lifestyle behaviors and favorable living environment factors positively affected SHS (P < 0.001). Lifestyle behaviors had the largest effect on physical SHS (β=-0.418), but the least on social SHS (β=-0.274). Living environmental factors had the largest effect on mental SHS (β = 0.286), but the least on physical SHS (β = 0.225).
Conclusions

Lifestyle behaviors and living environmental factors were important influencing factors of SHS. Physical SHS was more associated with lifestyle. Lifestyle and living environment were similarly associated with mental and social SHS.
Exploring perspectives on COVID-19 risk, protective behavior and control measures
Authors: Amen Karwan M , Mahmood Kazhan I. , Shabu Sherzad A. , Shabila Nazar 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background

Understanding the public perception and behavior towards the spread of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) can help in mitigating the transmission of the infection. This study aimed to assess the perspectives of the people towards COVID-19, especially concerning the risk of the disease, adherence to protective measures, and the effectiveness of the imposed prevention and control measures.
Methods

An explorative study based on Q-methodology was conducted in Erbil, Iraqi Kurdistan Region. The study involved a purposively selected sample of 40 persons representing different educational, social, and economic levels. Forty-one statements were extracted that have covered various aspects of the impact of COVID-19 on the life of people, and different perceptions and uncertainties around it. We asked the participants to rank-order the 41 statements into a distribution on a nine point scale, ranging from “least agree” to “most agree." Data analysis involved a by-person factor analysis using PQMethod 2.35, which aimed to identify the main viewpoints.
Results

The analysis revealed three distinct viewpoints and one consensus perspective for the people’s perspectives about COVID-19. Viewpoint 1, confidence and obedience to protective measures, centers on compliance with the main protective measures, the seriousness of COVID-19, and the effectiveness of the government's preventive measures. Viewpoint 2, apprehensiveness and noncompliance, focuses on extremely worry about the disease and concerns about the government measures against COVID-19. Viewpoint 3, people’s inattentiveness, emphasizes the lack of awareness and adherence to protective measures by the people and ineffectiveness of the government’s preventive measures.
Conclusion

The primary aspects distinguishing the three viewpoints focus on risk perception, protective behavioral response, and government’s preventive measures. Risk perception can guide appropriate protective behavior, but not always. For strengthening the preventive measures, and compliance with protective behaviors, different approaches that can address the needs of different groups of people are required. The focus should be on increasing the risk awareness, reducing anxiety, and explaining the justification and effectiveness of the government's preventive measures.
Nogo-A-Δ20/EphA4 interaction antagonizes apoptosis of neural stem cells by integrating p38 and JNK MAPK signaling
Authors: wang junling , chen weiguang , xu chaojin 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Nogo-A protein consists of two main extracellular domains: Nogo-66 (rat amino acid [aa] 1019–1083) and Nogo-A-Δ20 (extracellular, active 180 amino acid Nogo-A region), which serves as strong inhibitors of axon regeneration in the adult CNS. Although receptors S1PR2 and HSPGs have been identified as Nogo-A-Δ20 binding proteins, it remains at present elusive whether other receptors directly interacting with Nogo-A-Δ20 exist, and affect cell death. Methods: In pursuit of NSCs, we isolated stem cells from fetal brain (embryonic day 17; E17) Sprague–Dawley rats. In order to whether Nogo-A-Δ20 binds to EphA4, immunofluorescence, tunel assays, co-immunoprecipitation, pull down, and molecular docking technologies were used. Results: Here, we discover that EphA4 could be acted as a high affinity ligand for Nogo-A-Δ20. Trans-membrane protein of EphA4 is needed for Nogo-A-Δ20–triggered inhibition of NSCs apoptosis, which are mediated by balancing p38 inactivation and JNK MAPK pathway activation. Finally, we predict at the atomic level that essential residues Lys-205, Ile-190, Pro-194 in Nogo-A-△20 and EphA4 residues Gln-390, Asn-425, Pro-426 might play critical roles in Nogo-A-△20/EphA4 binding via molecular docking. Conclusion: The results of the present study show that EphA4 is a novel high-affinity receptor for Nogo-A-Δ20 and Nogo-A-Δ20/ EphA4 interaction mediates NSCs survival by integrating p38 and JNK MAPK signaling.
Compare the severity of psychological distress among four groups of Iranian society in COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Vahedian-Azimi Amir , Moayed Malihe Sadat , Rahimibashar Farshid , Shojaei Sajad , Ashtari Sara , Pourhoseingholi Mohamad Amin 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused serious psychological problems, such as panic attack, anxiety, stress and depression. The main objective of this study was to measure the prevalence and compare the severity of this psychological distress among four groups of Iranian population.Method: In cross-sectional survey, the mental health status of four groups of Iranian society such as community population, patients with COVID-19, medical staff and medical students were investigated by self-report questionnaire Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS). DASS-21 questionnaire and the demographic data sheet were filled in by all participants. All statistical analyses were done using SPSS version 21.0. P-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant.Results: Of the 886 participants in this survey, 554 (62.5%) were male and 332 (37.5%) were female, and the mean ± standard division (SD) age of subjects was 40.91±10.7 years. Among these participants, 241 (27.2%) were selected from community population, 221 (24.9%) were patients with COVID-19, 217 (24.5%) were medical staff and 207 (23.4%) were medical students. The mean score of stress, anxiety and depression in medical students and patients with COVID-19 was significantly higher than medical staff and community population (P<0.05). In overall, the score of anxiety level in male was higher than that in female (27.4±4.6 vs. 26.48±4.8, P=0.006), and the score of depression in unmarried participants was significantly higher than that in married group (27.5±4.8 vs. 26.7±4.6, P=0.023). In addition, the score of depression in female medical staff (27.08±4.6 vs. 25.33±4.3, P=0.011) and community population (26.6±4.3 vs. 25.3±4.3, P=0.02) was higher than that in male.Conclusion: In COVID-19 pandemic, the severity of anxiety, stress and depression was high among Iranian population. Patients with COVID-19 and medical students who spent time with patients with COVID-19, with low experience than professional medical staff and community population were at high risk for mental illness. Continuous surveillance and monitoring of psychological distress for outbreaks should become routine as part of preparedness efforts worldwide.
Preventive effects of intrauterine injection of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell-conditioned media on uterine fibrosis immediately after endometrial curettage in rabbit
Authors: Bazoobandi Sanaz , Tanideh Nader , Rahmanifar Farhad , Zare Shahrokh , Koohi-Hosseinabadi Omid , Jahromi Iman Razeghian , Dianatpour Mehdi , Khodabandeh Zahra , Ahmadi Masoumeh , Khoradmehr Arezoo , Nabipour Iraj , Tamadon Amin 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background

Uterine fibrosis is a uterine acquired disorder with symptoms of implantation disturbances, menstrual irregularities and abortion. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have antifibrotic properties by secretion of chemokines. MSCs-conditioned media (MSC-CM) contains paracrine components, exosomes, with a great potential for repairing damaged tissue or prevention of fibrosis. The main goal of this study was to evaluate the preventive effects of bone marrow-derived MSC-CM (BM-MSC-CM) on uterine fibrosis after uterine curettage in rabbits.
Methods

This study included 12 female rabbits (24 uterine horns) that double uteri of each 12 female rabbits were randomly divided into four groups of intact negative control, curettage positive control, BM-MSCs injection, and BM-MSC-CM injection in the way that two corresponding uteri from a rabbit were assigned in different groups. The MSC-CM was collected from cultivated BM-MSCs 48 h after three times washing and replacement of serum free media. Through a surgical approach, except intact negative uteri, the caudal part of the uteri was submitted traumatic endometrial curettage. After suturing of uterine wall, BM-MSC or BM-MSC-CM were injected in the curettage site. Endometrial regeneration was histologically evaluated 30 days after treatment.
Results

Curettage with or without preventive injections increased the growth of endometrial layer based on the histomorphometric indices evaluation. However, the amount of fibrotic tissue in the BM-MSC-CM injection group was lower than the BM-MSC and the curettage group, single injection of CM of MSCs after 30 days prevented the fibrotic effects of curettage on endometrial layer of rabbits.
Conclusions

Injecting BM-MSC-CM immediately after curettage prevented and reduced the uterine fibrosis better than BM-MSC in a rabbit model.
Predictors of cartilage degeneration in patients with subchondral insufficiency fracture of the femoral head: a retrospective study
Authors: Shimizu Tomohiro , Yokota Sunichi , Kimura Yosuke , Asano Tsuyoshi , Shimizu Hirokazu , Ishizu Hotaka , Iwasaki Norimasa , Takahashi Daisuke 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
There is evidence that the cause of primary osteoarthritis (OA) is related to the changes in subchondral bone; however, it is not fully understood if subchondral insufficiency fracture (SIF) of the femoral head would affect degeneration of the hip joint and what the prognostic factors related to joint degeneration are. The objectives of this study were 1) to investigate the longitudinal joint space narrowing and 2) to investigate the associations between joint space narrowing and bone metabolic markers as well as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) among the patients with SIF.
Methods
Between January 2010 and December 2019, 238 patients in whom band pattern of the femoral head were observed on MRI visited our hospital. Among these patients, 44 hips in 41 patients were diagnosed with SIF and eligible for this retrospective study. We evaluated the joint space width (JSW) of the hip on the radiograph obtained at the first and last visits, length of the band lesion on MRI, bone mineral density by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, and bone metabolism markers. We investigated the factors associated with the necessity of surgery and the progression of the narrowing of the joint space.
Results
Fifteen of the 44 hips required total hip arthroplasty (THA). The JSW showed a significant decrease from the first visit to the final follow-up. Changes in the JSW were associated with the length of band patterns, serum type 1 procollagen-N-propeptide (P1NP), and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b (TRACP-5b) at the date of diagnosis. Additionally, bone metabolic markers tended to be associated with the length of the band pattern.
Conclusions
SIF could cause joint space narrowing and hip OA. In addition to MRI findings as prognostic predictors of SIF, as previously described, bone metabolic markers were also associated with changes in JSW, suggesting that these parameters could be useful to predict the prognosis of SIF. Considering that bone metabolic markers trended to be associated with the length of band pattern, they might reflect the local severity.
Opioid substitution treatment uptake among people who inject drugs: The findings of two consecutive bio-behavioral surveillance surveys in Iran
Authors: Nakhaeizadeh Mehran , Abdolahiniya Zahra , Sharifi Hamid , Mirzazadeh Ali , Karamouzian Mohammad , Shokoohi Mostafa , Baral Stefan , Haghdoost AliAkbar , Shahesmaeili Armita 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
Opioid substitution treatment (OST) uptake has been associated with multiple positive health outcomes among people who inject drugs (PWID). This study evaluated the pattern of OST uptake among PWID in two consecutive national bio-behavioral surveillance surveys (2010 and 2014) in Iran.
Methods
Data were obtained from two national bio-behavioral surveillance surveys (N2010 = 1,783 and N2014 = 2,166) implemented using convenience sampling at the harm reduction facilities and street venues in 10 geographically diverse urban centers across Iran. Multivariable logistic regression model was used to determine the correlates of OST uptake for 2014 survey and adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were reported.
Results
The prevalence of OST uptake decreased from 49.2% in 2010 to 45.8% in 2014 (P-value = 0.033). OST uptake varied across the studied cities ranging from 0.0%-69.3% in the 2010 survey and 3.2%-75.5% in the 2014 survey. Ever being married (AOR = 1.40; 95% CI: 1.12, 1.75), having a history of incarceration (AOR = 1.56; 95% CI: 1.16, 2.09), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) sero-positivity (AOR = 1.63; 95% CI: 1.08, 2.5) were associated with OST uptake. Conversely, PWID who reported using only non-opioid drugs (AOR = 0.43; 95% CI: 0.26, 0.71) and those who reported concurrent use of opioid and non-opioid drugs (AOR = 0.66; 95% CI: 0. 0.51, 0.86) were less likely to uptake OST.
Conclusions
Although OST uptake among PWID in Iran is above the 40% threshold defined by the World Health Organization, there remains significant disparities across urban centers in Iran. Importantly, the OST services appear to be serving high risk PWID including those living with HIV and those with a history of incarceration. Evaluating service integration including mental health, HIV and hepatitis C virus care, and other harm reduction services may support the optimization of health outcomes of opioid substitution treatment across Iran.