bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Avaliação histológica da polpa de dentes de cão, frente à utilização do composto tetrafluoretano
Authors: Orestes Manfro Junior Angelo , Branco Barletta Fernando 
Published: June 2020

O presente estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de averiguar a resposta do tecido pulpar de dentes de cão, frente à aplicação, por
10 segundos, do agente refrigerante tetrafluoretano. Para tal, foram utilizados dentes incisivos, caninos e pré-molares de dois cães
da raça Beagle, com 6 meses de idade. Cada cão recebeu a aplicação do tetrafluoretano nos dentes de duas hemi-arcadas, sendo as
outras duas utilizadas como controle. Imediatamente após a conclusão das aplicações, os cães foram sacrificados e suas maxilas e
mandíbulas seccionadas e recortadas para a fixação do tecido pulpar. A seguir, as peças foram descalcificadas, separadas dente a
dente, sendo que os incisivos e caninos foram seccionados de forma seriada, no sentido vestíbulo-lingual, na região onde o
tetrafluoretano foi aplicado. Os pré-molares foram seccionados no sentido mésio-distal. Cortes de 6 micrômetros de espessura
foram avaliados, histologicamente, em microscópico óptico, e os resultados submetidos a tratamento estatístico pelo teste quiquadrado de Mc Nemar. Não foram observadas diferenças estatisticamente significantes entre os grupos testados e os respectivos
controles, no que diz respeito à presença e condição da camada odontoblástica, zonas acelular e celular, hiperemia e inflamação
pulpar. A partir desses resultados, concluiu-se que o agente refrigerante tetrafluoretano não provoca injúria, histologicamente
detectável, ao tecido pulpar, quando utilizado em cães, nas condições do presente experimento.
Det kulturkristne Hareid i det pietistiske Sunnmøre
Authors: Grimstad Leidulv Øyvind 
Published: June 2020

Artikkelen presenterer Hareid-samfunnet si utvikling innan kristen- og kulturlivet frå 1850-åra, som tok ei anna retning enn elles på Sunnmøre. Der var det den pietistiske lekmannsrørsla som var dominerande. I Hareid vart den grundtvigianske retninga førande: Menneske først – så kristen. Ein av dei som bidrog til denne utviklinga var Lars Hareide (1828–1900), som i 1857 tok til i Hareid som skulemeister. Han hadde gått på Stord lærarskule og var inspirert av Grundtvig si kristendomsforståing og pedagogikk. Etter kvart kom det to lærarar til med same ideologi. Desse, saman med prost Anker (1848–1921), fekk avgjerande betyding for utviklinga av kristen- og kulturlivet i bygda.
Elever i dialog med kristendommens fortellinger
Authors: Lied Sidsel 
Published: June 2020

Spørsmålene som stilles i denne artikkelen, setter søkelys på elevers dialoger med to av kristendommens fortellinger slik dialogene kommer til uttrykk i deres multimediale, skriftlige ytringer. Rammene elevene møtte fortellingene innenfor, var ulike. Tredje- og sjetteklassingenes ytringer ble skrevet innenfor rammen av kristendomsfaget i henholdsvis 1987/88 og 1990/91, mens andreklassingenes ytringer ble skrevet i 2018/19 innenfor rammen av KRLE-faget. Med bakgrunn i de to fagenes ulike mål for undervisningen kunne man forvente å finne personlige trosuttrykk i elevytringer som ble skrevet i kristendomsfaget, mens ytringer skrevet i KRLE ikke ville inneholde slike uttrykk i møte med kristendommens fortellinger. Disse forventningene ble ikke innfridd. Artikkelen drøfter dette funnet i lys av Mikhail Bakhtins teori om ytringers dialogiske karakter, og oppfordrer til videre studier knyttet til disse – og lignende – problemstillinger.
Predictors of infection-related rehospitalization in heart failure patients and its impact on long-term survival
Authors: Cheng Chi-Wen , Liu Min-Hui , Wang Chao-Hung 
Published: June 2020

Background
Infection is the most common non-cardiovascular cause of re-hospitalizations for heart failure patients. We therefore investigated the predictors of infection-related re-hospitalization (IRRH) in heart failure patients and its impact on long-term survival.

Methods and Results
We prospectively recruited 622 patients after the index hospitalization for decompensated heart fail with primary endpoints of IRRH and all-cause mortality. During follow-up of 3.9 ± 2.7 years, IRRHs occurred in 104 (16.7%) patients. Of the 104 patients who experienced IRRHs, the time from the index hospitalization to IRRH was 1.0 (interquartile range: 0.4–2.6) years. Independent predictors of IRRH were age (hazard ratio: 1.02, 95% confidence interval: 1.01–1.04), diabetes mellitus (2.12, 1.42–3.17), not taking angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin II receptor blockers (1.67, 1.01–2.78), needing maintenance therapy with a loop diuretic (2.10, 1.36–3.26), hemoglobin levels (0.87, 0.79–0.96), and estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFRs) (0.99, 0.98–0.99). IRRH independently predicted all-cause mortality (1.99, 1.32–2.98) after adjusting for age, body mass index, New York Heart Association functional class, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, brain natriuretic peptide, hemoglobin, and eGFR. The increased risk of death associated with IRRHs was predominantly for lower respiratory tract infections (3.71, 2.28–6.04), urogenital tract infections (2.83, 1.32–6.10), and sepsis (3.26, 1.20–8.85).

Conclusion
IRRHs in patients discharged for acute decompensated heart fail independently predicted worse long-term survival. We further identified independent predictors of IRRHs. These findings warrant future studies for tackling IRRH.
The GCD Sequences of the Altered Lucas Sequences
Authors: Koken Fikri 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In this study, we give two sequences {L
+

n}n≥

1 and {L−
n}n≥

1 derived by altering the Lucas numbers with {±1, ±3}, terms of which are called as altered Lucas numbers. We give relations connected with the Fibonacci Fn
and Lucas Ln
numbers, and construct recurrence relations and Binet’s like formulas of the L
+

n
and L−
n
numbers. It is seen that the altered Lucas numbers have two distinct factors from the Fibonacci and Lucas sequences. Thus, we work out the greatest common divisor (GCD) of r-consecutive altered Lucas numbers. We obtain r-consecutive GCD sequences according to the altered Lucas numbers, and show that their GCD sequences are unbounded or periodic in terms of values r.
Body composition and dietary patterns in professional and amateur bodybuilders
Authors: Makiel Karol , Suder Agnieszka , Kasza Sebastian , Kubasiak Katarzyna 
Published: June 2020

Significant factors affecting body composition and consequently professional and amateur bodybuilders’ performance are both training loads and diet.
The aim was to assess dissimilarities in anthropometrical traits and body composition between males practicing bodybuilding professionally and as amateurs, considering their diet and training.
The study comprised 55 athletes, i.e. 29 professionals attending national championships and 26 amateur bodybuilders. All participants underwent anthropometric measurements involving body height, waist, arm and thigh circumferences and skinfolds covering trunk and extremities. The original nutritional behavior questionnaire and a 24-hour survey were used. An electronic scale was used to measure body weight and body composition was analyzed with the BIA method. In statistical analysis, the Shapiro-Wilk (W-test), t-student and Mann-Whitney U test were applied.
An adipose tissue, assessed on the basis of skinfolds was significantly lower in professionals (p<0.05), whereas lower mean values of body fat free mass (FFM) were found in amateur bodybuilders (p<0.01). Diet survey presented differentiation both in the amount of consumed protein in the diet (1.98 g/kg), in its percentage participation in the diet (21.2%) in favor of the professionals (p<0.05). Significant differentiation was between the groups in the amount of consumed fats (p<0.05). In case of resistance trainings time, energy expenditure and number of trainings were higher for professionals (p<0.05).
Bodybuilders feature better developed muscle mass of extremities and a smaller share of percentage of fat mass in body composition in comparison to amateurs. Professional bodybuilders consume proper amount of carbohydrates and fats and significantly higher level of protein, fiber and energy in diet compared to amateur group. In contrary, higher intake of fats is typical for amateur bodybuilders.
Application of Cellulose Acetate Reinforced Nanocomposite Fluorescence Film as Filter and Bio-Packaging Material with Antibacterial Properties
Authors: Azeh Yakubu , Adetitun David O. , Olatunji Gabriel A. , Adekola Folahan A. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In an effort at developing new filters and bio-packaging materials with antibacterial properties, nanocomposite fluorescence films of cellulose acetate reinforced with cellulose nanoparticles, methylcellulose nanoparticles, propylcellulose nanoparticles, toluene diisocyanate modified cellulose and cellulose acetate nanoparticles were prepared and characterized. The effects of the nanoparticles on the mechanical, crystallinity and morphology of the nanocomposite films was studied. The sensitivity of bacteria against the new nanocomposite films was experimented. Scanning electron microscopy showed the films to be well dispersed. Modulus increase was directly proportional to nanoparticle loading. Samples with maximum compatibility were cellulose nanoparticles (CNPs) loading of 40% with modulus of 113.3Mpa and toluene diisocyanate modified cellulose nanoparticles (TDI-CNPs) at 20% loading had 146.0Mpa. Others include cellulose acetate nanoparticles (CANPs) at 30% loading with 73.0Mpa; methylcellulose acetate nanoparticles (MCNPs) with 5% loading had a modulus of 87.3Mpa and pure cellulose acetate had 45.0Mpa. The films were applied as filters for the removal of cells of Bacillus; Enterococcus and Micrococcus sp. from the crude bacteriocin, with recoverability of 95.9% based on the bacteriocin produced. The films showed limited antibacterial properties against clinical Pseudomonas sp 1, Pseudomonas sp 2 and Proteus sp. It is concluded that the films showed limited antibacterial properties hence it has antibacterial potentials and capabilities.
Advances in EPR Dosimetry in Terms of Retrospective Determination of Absorbed Dose in Radiation Accidents
Authors: Kubiak Tomasz 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The electron paramagnetic resonance measurements of dosimetric signals originating from radicals generated under the influence of ionizing radiation allow to determine the dose absorbed by the casualties of radiation accidents. The study material can consist of victim’s teeth, bones or nails. Also human hair and mineral glass from personal electronic devices, that people had in the moment of accident, are considered to be useful in dosimetry. Although X-band (9.4 GHz) spectrometers predominate, Q-band devices (34 GHz) enable to increase the sensitivity of measurements and reduce the size of specimens, whereas L-band machines (1.1 GHz) are suitable for in vivo dosimetry. The EPR tooth enamel dosimetry has been used many times to assess the cumulative radiation dose and health risk in people living in areas contaminated due to the radiation accidents and to determine the unknown absorbed doses in patients after the overexposures during radiotherapy treatment.
The Virtual as the Digital
Authors: Chalmers David J. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
I reply to seven commentaries on “The Virtual and the Real”. In response to Claus Beisbart, Jesper Juul, Peter Ludlow, and Neil McDonnell and Nathan Wildman, I clarify and develop my view that virtual are digital objects, with special attention to the nature of digital objects and data structures. In response to Alyssa Ney and Eric Schwitzgebel, I clarify and defend my spatial functionalism, with special attention to the connections between space and consciousness. In response to Marc Silcox, I clarify and develop my view of the value of virtual worlds, with special attention to the case where we experience these worlds as virtual.
Climatic Variations and Spatial Price Differentials of Perishable Foods in Nigeria
Authors: Akanni Lateef Olawale 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In this study, we attempt to examine the factors that explain the spatial price differentials of selected perishable food crops across Nigerian markets. Based on monthly market prices of onions and tomatoes across different States, we examine the implications of climatic variations, cost of transportation and differences in economic sizes on the price spread of these items. The empirical findings from the dynamic heterogeneous panel regressions show that these factors have significant long-run impacts on the difference in food prices across markets. The results highlight climatic differences and transportation costs are important factors in regional price spreads for agricultural commodities and hence the need for specific policies to reduce the prices variability. Policies geared towards improving agriculture value-chain could o er pathways towards mitigating food loss and waste associated with changing climate and transfer costs, and thereby reduction in prices.
Exploring the Likelihood of a Country Being a Tax Haven Using MIMIC Models
Authors: Mourao Paulo Reis 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The multiple indicators multiple causes (MIMIC) framework is used to analyze dimensions related to causation and indicators of tax haven status. Robust results were obtained that identify a country’s tax burden and area as causes of a country adopting policies usually observed in tax havens. The level of social security contributions as a proportion of public revenues and the ratio of indirect to direct taxes were found to be statistically significant indicators of tax havens. Data from 68 countries for more than twenty years were analyzed, enabling the results to contribute to a deepening of the current debate about tax havens and their socio-economic profiles.
Counteracting Unmanned Aerial Systems in the Operational Area of Airports
Authors: Kustra Marek , Nowakowski Henryk 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Unmanned aerial systems (UAS) are treated as an opportunity, a challenge and a threat to airports, but the author decided to focus on the last aspect, in particular on countering UAS in operational area of airports. Due to the above, this article aims to address the characteristics of systems used to counteract and combat (neutralize) UAV in the airport’s operational area. There are used the following research methods: analysis, synthesis, inference, comparison, abstracting and expert interview. To achieve the assumed aim, the author performed two research tasks: presentation of the importance of unmanned aerial systems as well as identification and discussion of the selected threats to airports resulting from the use of unmanned aerial systems. The presented material shows that countering unmanned aerial systems is a complex issue which requires the use of a com-bination of different solutions.
Decision-Making Problems of Collective Transport Development in Terms of Sustainable Urban Mobility
Authors: Jacyna Marianna , Kotylak Piotr 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The paper presents decision problems related to the development of transport systems facing planning challenges of sustainable urban mobility. Currently, city decision-makers must deal with growing difficulties related to the organisation of public transport systems. These difficulties involve the primary need for effective and ecological public transport systems and the capacity of transport service providers. These issues require a wide spectrum of research and analysis to determine expected future economic and social benefits from the implementation of environmentally friendly infrastructure investments and increasing capacity of service providers. The paper touches on the problem of the so-called green mobility in urban areas and the main management strategies associated with its development. A general formulation of the decision model, including boundary conditions and the criteria function using a sum of revenues from making the public transport offer more attractive, were proposed and discussed.
Substantial and Substantive Corporeality in the Body Discourses of Bhakti Poets
Authors: Sumati Yadav 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This paper studies the representation of human corporeal reality in the discourses of selected Bhakti poets of the late medieval period in India. Considering the historical background of the Bhakti movement and contemporary cultural milieu in which these mystic poets lived, their unique appropriation of the ancient concept of body is reviewed as revolutionary. The focus of the study is the Kabir Bijak, Surdas’s Vinay-Patrika, and Tulsidas’s Vinay-Patrika, wherein they look at and beyond the organic corporeality and encounter human body not as a socially, religiously, economically stamped noble body or lowly body; male body or female body, but a human body. This paper explores how, like existential phenomenologists, these poet/singers decode the material reality of human beings and link it to the highest goal of achieving Moksha (liberation from the cycle of birth-death) by making body a vulnerable but essential instrument towards spiritual awakening. The paper also reflects upon how these poets have suggested a middle path of absolute devotion to God while performing all earthly duties, seek spiritual enlightenment and avoid the extremities of asceticism and hedonism.
Epidemiological risks in operating theatre
Authors: Sułek Jolanta 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Introduction. A patient submitted to a surgical procedure is at a high risk of an infection which might additionally worsen his or her health condition. Such infection may cause plenty of negative consequences, such as patient‘s health deterioration, which prolongs his or her hospital stay or even death. It can also cause a patient‘s negative opinion about hospital care he or she has received and, what is more, it increases the cost of treatment.

Aim. The aim of the article is the epidemiological situation analysis of a patient submitted to a surgical procedure which was done from an angle of the sources of mid-surgical infections. Specific aims: a patient related elements causing epidemiological risk; hospital staff related elements causing epidemiological risk; specific character of an operating theatre procedures related elements causing epidemiological risk.

Methods. Literature analysis – review paper.

Conclusions. 1) the infections, which have their source in an operating theatre, may result from various reasons; 2) the cause of an infection might be a human factor (patient, staff) but also organisational factors; 3) a substantial cause of an infection might be ineffective procedures, lack of knowledge of the procedures or simply not observing them by the hospital staff.
Detection of TMPRSS2-ERG Fusion Transcript in Biopsy Specimen of Prostate Cancer Patients: A Single Centre Experience
Authors: Trifunovski Aleksandar , Dimovski Aleksandar , Dohcev Sasho , Stavridis Sotir , Stankov Oliver , Saidi Skender , Gjorgjievska Marija , Popov Zivko 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Introduction: Prostate carcinoma is the most frequent malign neoplasm among men with an ever-growing incidence rate. TMPRSS2-ERG fusion transcript leads to the androgen induction of ERG proto-oncogenes expression, representing a high presence of oncogenes alteration among prostate tumour cells.

Aim: The aim of this research was to detect and evaluate theTMPRSS2-ERG fuse transcript in the tissues of patients with prostate cancer, and establish a base of material of these samples for further genetic examination.

Materials and methods: The research was a prospective clinical study that involved and focused on random sampling of 101 patients (62 with prostate cancer-study group and 39 with benign changes in the prostate-control group). Real time PCR analysis for detection of the TMPRSS2-ERG fusion transcript in prostate tissue was performed and also data from the histopathology results of tissues were used, as well as data for the level of PSA (prostate-specific antigen) in blood.

Results: TMPRSS2-ERG fusion transcript was detected in 20 out of 62 (32.2%) patients with prostate carcinoma and among no patients with benign changes whatsoever. There were no significant differences between patients with/without detected TMPRSS2-ERG fusion related to Gleason score. Among 50%, in the study group this score was greater than 7 per/for Median IQR=7 (6-8). Significant difference was recognized, related to the average value of PSA in favour of significantly higher value of PSA in the study group with prostate cancer, but there was also no significant difference between samples with prostate cancer who were with/without detected TMPRSS2-ERG fusion transcript related to PSA level.

Discussion: The results from this research are in accordance with the values and results from analyses done in several research centres and oncological institutes.

Conclusion: The positive findings in small scale studies encourage the implementation of larger scale studies that will be enriched with results of genetic transcript in blood and urine and will define the positive diagnostic meaning of the TMPRSS-ERG fusion transcript.
Challenges Faced by the Romanian Land Forces Regarding Training for the Operations in the Urban Environment
Authors: Solescu Daniel 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The topic addressed in this article is a current one and modern armies discuss it a lot and many analyses and comments can be made. In the article, the author presents the general framework of operations in the urban environment and starting from the operational requirements mandatory to conduct such operations he analyzes the prospects that such operations have in future military operations and proposes directions for action necessary for the effective training of the subunits within the Romanian Land Forces.
Analyzing the Physical Training Preparation in Firefighter’s Relay Race with Obstacles 4 × 100 m
Authors: Sopa Ioan Sabin , Pomohaci Marcel 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Firefighters have a demanding and difficult mission both physical and mental so their training must be rigorous and well prepared, therefore they should have good physical resistance, strength, speed, and coordination. Our study focuses on the 4 x 100 m race with obstacles and how should firefighters physically prepare for the race. We had two different samples that form the first and second team of ISU Sibiu in the competition of firefighters of 4 x 100 m race with obstacles, formed by 10 males with age of 30 ± 3.5 years old with experience in this kind of competitions between 2 and 7 years. We presented our training program and the effects on the results of our athletes and also analyze the efficiency of developing motor qualities such as strength, speed, resistance and coordination. The results show relatively good improvements in the performance time in any of the fourth exchanges and also in the motor qualities level. Conclusions of our research present the efficiency of training athletic skills and also the motor qualities in obtaining better results at the 4 x 100 m race with obstacles.