bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Selection of Cowpea Elite Lines for Iron and Zinc Biofortification
Authors: C. Dias-Barbosa Cristina Z. de Morais , de Oliveira Diego S.V. , de Oliveira Kaesel J.D. , dos Reis Moreira Araújo Regilda S. , de Moura Rocha Maurisrael 
Published: May 2020

Background:
Cowpea is a very popular crop in Brazil, rich in nutrients that can be used as
food to feed the population, avoiding deficiencies caused by the lack of minerals such as iron and
zinc.

Objective:
To select elite cowpea lines for biofortification of iron and zinc and determine
the physical and chemical characteristics of the lines. We analyzed: 33 cowpea genotypes, being 31
elite genotypes and two biofortified cultivars (control).

Method:
The 10 best lines with iron and zinc contents were selected and, together with the controls,
were analyzed for chemical composition (moisture, ash, lipids, proteins and carbohydrates), total energy
value and cooking time.

Results:
The iron and zinc contents in semi-prostrate genotypes were higher than those in semi-erect
genotypes, all the semi-prostrate lines presented a high iron content, and 19.25% presented a high
zinc content. The genotypes of the semi-erect lines exhibited more significant genetic variability for
iron content, whereas those of the semi-prostrate genotypes showed more significant genetic variation
for zinc content, both exhibited a high genetic component in phenotypic expression. Improving
the genotypes for increased protein content led to reductions in lipid and carbohydrate contents, as
well as the total energy value, whereas increasing the carbohydrate content increased both the total
energy value and the zinc content. The MNC04-792F-146 lines presented alleles that favored an increase
in carbohydrate content and total energy, while the MNC04-769F-26, MNC04-769F-31, and
MNC04-774F-90 lines were shown to be good sources of genes for increasing protein content, decreasing
lipid content, and rapid cooking.

Conclusion:
The MNC04-762F-9, MNC04-792F-146, and MNC04-769F-55 lines exhibited the
greatest potential to be released as iron and zinc biofortified cultivars.
Microwave-assisted Extraction for Maximizing the Yield of Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Capacity from Cacao Pod Husk (Theobroma cacao L.)
Authors: Nguyen Van T. , Pham Thi D. , Vu Long B. , Nguyen Van H. , Tran Ngoc L. 
Published: May 2020

Background:
Extraction is an important step to obtain phytochemical compounds from
natural materials. Among different extraction techniques, microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) is an
advanced method with high extraction efficiency and low energy consumption.

Objective:
This study aimed to optimize the MAE parameters for obtaining the highest levels of phenolic
compounds and antioxidant activity from cacao pod husk (CPH).

Methods:
The dried CPH was prepared using a microwave drying method. The CPH extract was
prepared using a microwave-assisted extraction method. The powdered CPH extract was prepared
using vacuum evaporation and freeze-drying methods. Phytochemical compounds and antioxidant
capacity of CPH extracts were analyzed using spectrophotometric methods.

Results:
The optimal MAE parameters were 600 W microwave power, 5 s/min irradiation time, 30
min extraction time, and 50 mL/g solvent to sample ratio. Under these MAE parameters, total phenolic
content (TPC), phenolic extraction efficiency (PEE), saponin content (SC), and DPPH radical
scavenging capacity (DRSC) were achieved from the CPH to be 10.97 mg GAE/g dried sample,
76.82%, 70.10 mg EE/g dried sample, and 141.18 mg DPPH/g dried sample, respectively, which
were not significantly different from the predicted values (10.38 mg GAE/g dried sample, 72.68%,
70.09 mg EE/g dried sample, and 121.49 mg DPPH/g dried sample, respectively). The residual moisture,
water activity, density, water-soluble index and pH of powdered CPH extract were 9.72%, 0.38,
0.17 g/ml, 84.93% and 7.68, respectively. TPC, total flavonoid content (TFC) and SC of powdered
CPH extract were 15.75 mg GAE/g dried sample, 27.03 mg CE/g dried sample and 133.67 mg EE/g
dried sample, respectively. DRSC and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) of powdered CPH
extract were 227.79 mg DPPH/g dried sample and 14.12 mg Fe(II)/g dried sample, respectively.

Conclusion:
The findings from this study reveal that the powdered extract obtained from the CPH at
the optimal MAE parameters is a rich source of phytochemicals possessing great antioxidant activity.
Therefore, it is a potential candidate to apply in functional foods.
Biochanin A Ameliorates Ovalbumin-induced Airway Inflammation through Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-Gamma in a Mouse Model
Authors: Derangula Madhavi , Panati Kalpana , Narala Venkata R. 
Published: May 2020

Objective:
Asthma is an inflammatory airway disease affecting most of the population in the
world. The current medication for asthma relieves airway inflammation but it has serious adverse
effects. Biochanin A (BCA), a phytoestrogen, is an active component present in red clover, alfalfa, soy
having anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. BCA was identified as a natural activator of
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ).

Methods:
The study aims to evaluate the effects of BCA in ovalbumin (OVA)-induced murine model
of asthma and to study the role of PPARγ.

Results:
We found that BCA administration reduced the severity of murine allergic asthma as
evidenced histologically, and measurement of allergen-specific IgE levels in serum as well as in BAL
fluid. BCA also reversed the elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines, cell infiltration, protein
leakage into the airways and expression of hemoxygenase-1 in OVA-induced lungs. Further, we
confirmed that BCA mediated inhibitory effects are mediated through PPARγ as assessed by treatment
with PPARγ antagonist GW9662.

Conclusion:
Our results suggest that BCA is efficacious in a preclinical model of asthma and may
have the potential for the treatment of asthma in humans.
Elevated Serum Levels of Ischemia Modified Albumin and Malondialdehyde are Related to Atherogenic Index of Plasma in a Cohort of Prediabetes
Authors: El-Eshmawy Mervat M. , Gad Doaa F. , El-Baiomy Azza A. 
Published: May 2020

Background:
Prediabetes, defined as impaired glucose tolerance and/or impaired fasting
glucose, is a risk factor for future type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, cardiovascular disease and all-cause
mortality. High serum levels of ischemia modified albumin (IMA) and malondialdehyde (MDA) as
oxidative stress markers were determined in diabetes, however, no studies have investigated these
markers together in prediabetes. The aim of the present study was to investigate the circulating levels
of both IMA and MDA in a cohort of prediabetic adults. The possible associations between both markers
and the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) were also evaluated.

Methods:
This study enrolled 100 adults with prediabetes and 50 healthy controls matched for age and
sex. Anthropometric measurements, fasting and 2-hour post load glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin
(A1c), lipids profile, fasting insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR),
high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), AIP, IMA and MDA were assessed.

Results:
IMA, MDA, hs-CRP and AIP were significantly higher in adults with prediabetes than in
healthy controls. Male gender, fasting and post load glucose, A1c, fasting insulin, TGs, HDL-C, hs-
CRP, AIP and MDA were independent predictor variables of IMA, whereas male gender, WC, fasting
and post load glucose, A1c, fasting insulin, TC, TGs, LDL-C, HDL-C, hs-CRP and AIP were independent
predictor variables of MDA.

Conclusion:
The elevation of IMA concomitantly with MDA reflecting the antioxidant status in prediabetes,
and their associations with hs-CRP and AIP should reinforce the idea of screening and treatment
of prediabetes.
An Energy-Efficient and Reliable Opportunistic Routing for Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Kumar Nagesh , Singh Yashwant 
Published: May 2020

Introduction:
Routing protocols in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are of major concern
because of the important factors like energy efficiency and reliability. Opportunistic Routing
(OR) is the simplest and reliable routing technique for ad-hoc networks and WSN. The OR protocol
guarantees data delivery in the network. As WSN need energy-efficient routing, therefore, energy-
efficient OR protocols gained popularity in the last three years.

Objectives:
Opportunistic routing improves the performance of the network by utilizing the
broadcasting abilities of wireless channels. In this paper, a new energy-efficient and reliable routing
protocol has been proposed that is based on the opportunistic routing technique.

Methods:
The proposed protocol is based on the energy-efficient routing metric. The proposed
OR protocol prioritizes among the candidate forwarders on the basis of energy-efficient routing
metric and this will lead to the achievement of improved network lifetime.

Results:
The end-to-end delay is reduced because of the selection of candidate forwarders from
the neighbor list of each node. The proposed protocol uses selective acknowledgment mechanisms.
The simulation results of the proposed protocol depict the improved performance as compared
to other recent OR protocols.

Conclusion:
The proposed protocol can directly be used with existing WSN applications. Further
improvements can be made by utilizing more parameters like distance and the quality of transmission.
Success Rate of Obturation of Root Canals by Different Techniques in Primary Molars: A Comparative Clinical Study
Authors: Damle Satyawan G. , Bansal Ritika , Sakhare Dhanashree D. 
Published: May 2020

Objective:
To compare the success rate of different obturation procedures in primary
mandibular second molars clinically and also by digital radiovisiography.

Methods:
A total of 40 children aged between 4-8 years with deeply carious mandibular second
primary molars indicated for single session pulpectomy were selected. Canals were obturated with
Metapex. The 3 study groups (Endodontic plugger, Handheld lentulospiral, Navi Tip syringe) were
compared with the control group (reamer) both clinically and radiovisiographically. The data collected
were statistically analyzed using Pearson’s Chi-square and Fisher’s exact test.

Results:
The use of Navi tip syringe led to the least number of voids followed by Endodontic plugger
and Reamer and the highest number of voids was reported with Lentulospiral. Navitip presented
maximum number of optimally filled cases followed by Endodontic plugger and Lentulospiral and
least number of optimally filled cases with reamer. However, there was no statistically significant
difference (p>0.05) in any of the groups with clinical (pain and tenderness to percussion) and radiographic
parameters (presence or absence of voids and length of obturation).

Conclusion:
Within the limitations of the present study, though the clinical outcome was statistically
insignificant, Navitip syringe exhibited encouraging results and is a promising option for obturation
in primary teeth.
INFLUENCE OF PHARMACEUTICALINFLUENCE OF PHARMACEUTICAL CARE ACTIVITIES ON KNOWLEDGE ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE (KAP) AMONG DIABETIC PATIENTS IN A TERTI CARE ACTIVITIES ON KNOWLEDGE ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE (KAP) AMONG DIABETIC PATIENTS IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors: SHAILAJA K. , ABRAHAM ANJU , BHARGAVI BINDHU , DEVIKA R. 
Published: May 2020

Objective: To assess the influence of pharmaceutical care activities on Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) among type 2 diabetic patients.
Methods: A total of about 301 patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus were recruited from a tertiary care hospital. Patients were educated about their disease condition, lifestyle modifications and diet regimen to be followed and were given instructions for improving medication adherence. In the initial session, no pharmaceutical care was given, in the second session patient counseling was given verbally and in the last session patient counseling was given both verbally and non-verbally by means of pamphlet distribution. KAP questionnaire and glycemic levels (glycated hemoglobin, fasting blood sugar and post-prandial blood sugar) of participants were obtained at baseline and at follow up.
Results: The baseline values of FBS in patients before intervention was found to be 176.5±74.46 mg/dL and it was reduced to 140.7±43.9 mg/dL after 3 mo. Henceforth, there was also an improvement in the PPBS values which was found to be 254±77.3 mg/dL at the baseline and was 212.9±54.2 mg/dL after intervention. The baseline values of HbA1c is 8.144±1.727% and after intervention, value reduced to about 7.173±2.768%. After the intervention, it was found to be that 30%, 16% and 12% reduction in FBS, PPBS and HbA1c values and the P-value (<0.0001) found to be statistically significant. KAP scores also found to be improved after the intervention and statistically significant. The results clearly indicate that through proper guidance and educating the patients by the pharmacist is beneficial in managing the glycemic levels and reduce further complications.
Conclusion: The study concluded that the pharmaceutical care by the pharmacist is highly essentially and useful for the patients to manage the glycemic index and prevent further diabetic complications.
POTENCY OF Γ-ORYZANOL-RICH BLACK RICE BRAN (ORYZA SATIVA L. INDICA) EXTRACT FOR TYROSINASE INHIBITION
Authors: VARDHANI AFIFAH , JUFRI MAHDI , PURWANINGSIH ERNI 
Published: May 2020

Objective: The objectives of this study were to quantify γ-oryzanol in an ethanolic extract of Oryza sativa L. Indica (black rice) bran and to evaluate its activity as a tyrosinase inhibitor.
Methods: Black rice bran was extracted via maceration in 96% ethanol, and the γ-oryzanol concentration in the extract was measured through high-performance liquid chromatography. The applicability of the extract as a skin lightening agent was determined by evaluating its tyrosinase inhibition activity.
Results: The dry rice bran contained 118.572 mg/g of γ-oryzanol, and the extract inhibited tyrosinase activity at an IC50 of 74.8%.
Conclusion: The black rice bran extract was sufficiently potent for use in skin lightening formulations.
Effect of combining continuous casting and simultaneous solidliquid metal deformation on the structure and properties of alloy V95 products
Authors: Sergeeva A. M. , Lovizin N. S. , Sosnin A. A. 
Published: May 2020

It is known that the solidification of melts under the influence of external factors leads to the formation of a fine-grained structure in the work pieces which improves the mechanical characteristics of finished metal products. The production of lengthy profiles with a high level of mechanical properties in a short production cycle is a complex interdisciplinary task of great practical importance. The paper presents results of research of the properties of products from aluminum alloy V95, which were obtained by continuous vertical casting combined with deformation in the solid-liquid state during solidification. A diagram of a device that implements such a process of combining is presented; its operation is reviewed. Also, a description is given of a method for producing flat work pieces and sample preparation for studying their mechanical characteristics and microstructure.As research shows the metal products have a fine-grained structure with a dense directional arrangement of dislocations. The grain boundaries are wide, uneven, consisting of grids and dislocation plexuses. During the melt solidification a thin directional dislocation structure is formed in the crystallizer of the device providing increase of the mechanical characteristics of metal products without additional processing, and there are no shrinkage defects. The possibility of obtaining long metal products with high mechanical characteristics for a short production cycle with reduced power costs was shown.
Implementación de la NIC 41 AGRICULTURA en el registro contable de las empresas agrícolas colombianas: Implicaciones y beneficios
Authors: Corredor Marroquin Frazier Josep 
Published: May 2020

Ante la falta de precisión en los métodos contables del Decreto 2649 de 1993 y de las demandas de un mercado cada vez más internacional y globalizado, resulta necesario modernizar y estandarizar los métodos contables de las empresas agrícolas colombianas. Esta modernización y adecuación a los estándares internacionales sirve para un incremento en la productividad, competitividad y rentabilidad de las empresas que lo adopten.
Las diversas investigaciones contables realizadas tanto en Colombia como en otros lugares de Latinoamérica en torno a la adopción del estándar NIC 41 determinan que su implementación es un gran avance para las empresas agrícolas. Dadas las implicaciones que se han demostrado en diversos cultivos agrícolas en diferentes territorios, una mayor capacitación de los empresarios y contadores para una adopción mayoritaria de esta norma en las empresas agrícolas del país supondría un aumento de la competitividad y fortalecería el tejido empresarial colombiano frente a los nuevos desafíos del mercado global.
Financial system of Livan: crisis of liquidity, protests against establishment, default
Authors: Babenkova S. Yu. 
Published: May 2020

The beginning of March 2020 in Lebanon was marked by the Government’s refusal to pay their debts of $1.2 billion, that is, the country defaulted. The prerequisites to it were a certain political instability, incompetent actions of the Government and the Central Bank in the financial sector. Lebanon is not the only country in the world which defaulted, and it is not the only Mediterranean country having a huge state debt of 150–160% of GDP. At the same time, despite the present situation, during quite a long period of time, households did not have savings due to the constant increase in prices for consumer goods, utility payments and the fall of levels of remuneration.The default revealed not only economic, but also political problems in the country. Over the last 6–8 months in Lebanon there happened mass street protests against sharp decrease in standard of living and the political elite’s lack of action. Not main, but quite big cash flows, including cash transfers of the Lebanese working abroad and financial aid from the Persian Gulf countries, which supported the economy for many years, started to decrease sharply. The recession has become a certain catalyst in order to bring hundreds of thousands of Lebanese people to the streets in October 2019.The Government had to resign, but the new PM, who had come to power in January 2020, did not manage to prevent the recession and restore political stability in the country.
«¡Más vale que me conteste!»
Authors: Sandoval Luis Ricardo , Salvatierra Celina , Carrizo Natalia Soledad 
Published: May 2020

La telefonía móvil es la tecnología de más amplia difusión entre las tecnologías de información y comunicación (TIC). A diferencia de otras (y especialmente Internet), el teléfono móvil se utiliza de modo principal para reforzar los lazos preexistentes, especialmente los de grupos de pares y familiares.
En este trabajo se utiliza un acercamiento de tipo cualitativo, basado en entrevistas en profundidad y grupos de discusión, para indagar en los procesos de apropiación de la telefonía móvil en el ámbito doméstico, y la articulación de los mismos con las relaciones familiares entre, por un lado, madres y padres y, por el otro, sus hijas e hijos. Encontramos que los teléfonos móviles se han convertido en una infraestructura de soporte de la cotidianidad familiar, especialmente cuando hijas e hijos se desplazan fuera de la casa. Más allá de la incorporación de la microcoordinación, el contacto permanente en el nivel fático permite aquietar la angustia inherente al incremento contemporáneo del riesgo.
Esto explica que los teléfonos móviles se hayan convertido, en el seno de las familias, en objeto preferente de disputas, negociaciones y control, volviéndose un aspecto central de la parentalidad contemporánea.
Tres fotografías dende onde o mundo se chama Galicia
Authors: Ledo Andión Margarita 
Published: May 2020

En “Tres fotografías: dende onde o mundo se chama Galicia”, se trata el papel decisivo que juega la prensa gráfica en la configuración del espacio público, en la idea de ciudadaníay en la costrucción del imaginario social a la par de constatar que no son reducibles a la misma categoría de análisis los años de la modernidade que conducen a la Segunda República con los dela dictadura o los de la transición advirtiendo, además, de la desaparición lisa de la foto de prensa como lugar para procesos de connotación y, con ella, la de la cultura del fotoperiodismo.Palabras clave: Fotografía; fotoperiodismo; Galicia; imaginario socialKey words: Photographia; photojournalism; Galicia; social imaginary
Літературна тема часопису «Стрілець»: штрихи до сильвети покоління
Authors: Rozdolska I. 
Published: May 2020

У статті проаналізовано літературне наповнення у газеті УГА «Стрілець» (січень–червень 1919), виявлені стрілецькі публікації прочитано з точки зору генераційних установок стрілецького покоління. Встановлено, що авторське коло газети сформоване і зі стрільців, і з їхніх прихильників, представників інших генерацій. «Інші» генераційно позиціонують себе як «наші», приймаючи генераційне «ми». Зразком набуття стрілецької ідентичності постає Василь Пачовський. Його генераційний образ світу у газеті координується концептами стрільця, українського простору, ідеї соборності, збройного державницького визволення, історичного оптимізму. Новинарські чи літературні публікації у часописі актуалізують імена авторів-стрільців М. Ірчана, Ю. Шкрумеляка, В. Ґадзінського, П. Шекерика-Дониківа, М. Федюшки, Р. Купчинського. Літературна діяльність у часописі В. Пачовського сприяє розширенню семантичних меж поняття «стрілецьке покоління».Поява у «Стрільці» творів виразно «не стрілецьких» авторів – Івана Косинина, Михайла Обідного, Олександра Олеся спонукує до літературознавчого перегляду їхніх сильвет з точки зору дотичності до фронтової преси.
Some Biochemical parameters Of People With Atopic Eczema And There Comparison With Normal People
Authors: Khalid Hameed Azeez , Hikmat Alwan Buraq 
Published: May 2020

The present study aimed to identify the biochemical changes in sera of patients with Atopic Eczema, which included some blood analysis included serum urea, uric acid, creatinine, cholesterol, blood glucose, albumin, total protein, calcium, GPT, ALP, total serum bilirubin. Samples were collected from 19 August to 19 December in Salahelddin Hospital in tikrit city, the study included 94 sample, 65 from patients with Atopic Eczema, and 29 healthy people as a control group, the results were compared between the Atopic Eczema patients group and the healthy control group, and there was elevation in blood urea, uric acid, ceatinine, total protein, GPT, ALP, TSB,( 34.9+22.10), (5.49 + 4.38), (0.788+ 0.669), (7.34 +6.41), (13.38 +6.96), (13.63+ 8.52), (0.831+0.190), respectively. And there was no elevation in, total albumin, cholesterol, calcium, blood glucose, (4.595+4.321), (161.5+ 148.1), (8.96 + 9.13), (109.3+ 105.3), respectively when compared between patients group and control group.

http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.23.2018.161