bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental investigation of asymmetrical reinforced concrete spatial frame substructures against progressive collapse under different column removal scenarios
Authors: Du Ke , Bai Jiulin , Teng Nan , Yan Deng , Sun Jingjiang 
Published: January 2020

SUMMARYThe progressive collapse resistance design approach is generally applied in the context of a “column‐removal” scenario to assess the structural vulnerability to progressive collapse. To obtain a better understanding of the complex progressive collapse resistance of 3D asymmetrical column‐beam‐slab systems, five one‐third scale 2 × 2 bay asymmetrical reinforced concrete (RC) spatial frame substructure specimens were tested to analyze their collapse mechanisms under five different column removal scenarios, namely, an interior column removal scenario (INT), an exterior column removal scenario in the asymmetrical direction (EXT‐X), an exterior column removal scenario in the symmetrical direction (EXT‐Y), a corner column removal scenario at the long bay (COR‐L), and a corner column removal scenario at the short bay (COR‐S), which are among the most critical scenarios for analyzing structural resistance against progressive collapse. The test results showed that INT had the highest progressive collapse resistance capacity among the scenario substructures and exhibited two progressive collapse‐resisting mechanism stages: a primary mechanism stage (beam and compressive membrane mechanism) under small deformations and a secondary mechanism stage (catenary and tensile membrane mechanism) under large deformations in both the X‐direction and the Y‐direction. In EXT‐X and EXT‐Y, the collapse resistance was mainly provided by the double‐span beam at both the primary mechanism stage and the secondary mechanism stage. In COR‐L and COR‐S, the tensile membrane mechanism could not be mobilized, as the single‐span beams in both the X‐direction and the Y‐direction behaved like cantilevers. Additionally, the asymmetrical span design reduced the resistance of the structure against progressive collapse.
Late‐onset laryngeal paralysis: Owner perception of quality of life and cause of death
Authors: Sample Susannah J. , Stilin Allison , Binversie Emily E. , Baker Lauren A. , Hardie Robert J. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundLate‐onset laryngeal paralysis (LoLP) is an idiopathic disease of older dogs, and is common in the Labrador Retriever. Owner perspective of how LoLP affects their pet's quality of life (QOL), the degree to which LoLP is perceived to be a life‐limiting disease, and how a glottic opening procedure affects these perceptions is not known.Objectives(a) To determine owner's perception of late‐onset laryngeal paralysis (LoLP) with respect to their dog's QOL; (b) To determine whether LoLP is considered by owners to be a life‐limiting disease; (c) To evaluate whether a glottic opening procedure altered QOL and perceived cause of death in affected dogs.MethodsOwners of Labrador Retrievers with LoLP completed a questionnaire. Questions were asked pertaining to a dog's LoLP, including clinical progression and perception of cause of death, and whether a glottic opening procedure was undertaken. Owners also completed a pet‐owner administered QOL survey.ResultsSeventy‐six owners participated. Overall, 94% of owners felt their dog's LoLP affected QOL, and 47% of owners felt LoLP was a large contributing factor in their dog's death. Dogs that underwent a glottic opening procedure were reported to have a better QOL, and the contribution of LoLP towards their death was less than dogs that did not have surgery.ConclusionOwners of Labrador Retrievers with LoLP perceive LoLP to be a life‐limiting disease that negatively impacts their dog's QOL. Arytenoid lateralization surgery had a positive impact on QOL in affected dogs.
Following the messenger: Recent innovations in live cell single molecule fluorescence imaging
Authors: Schmidt Andreas , Gao Guoming , Little Saffron R. , Jalihal Ameya P. , Walter Nils G. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMessenger RNAs (mRNAs) convey genetic information from the DNA genome to proteins and thus lie at the heart of gene expression and regulation of all cellular activities. Live cell single molecule tracking tools enable the investigation of mRNA trafficking, translation and degradation within the complex environment of the cell and in real time. Over the last 5 years, nearly all tools within the mRNA tracking toolbox have been improved to achieve high‐quality multi‐color tracking in live cells. For example, the bacteriophage‐derived MS2‐MCP system has been improved to facilitate cloning and achieve better signal‐to‐noise ratio, while the newer PP7‐PCP system now allows for orthogonal tracking of a second mRNA or mRNA region. The coming of age of epitope‐tagging technologies, such as the SunTag, MoonTag and Frankenbody, enables monitoring the translation of single mRNA molecules. Furthermore, the portfolio of fluorogenic RNA aptamers has been expanded to improve cellular stability and achieve a higher fluorescence “turn‐on” signal upon fluorogen binding. Finally, microinjection‐based tools have been shown to be able to track multiple RNAs with only small fluorescent appendages and to track mRNAs together with their interacting partners. We systematically review and compare the advantages, disadvantages and demonstrated applications in discovering new RNA biology of this refined, expanding toolbox. Finally, we discuss developments expected in the near future based on the limitations of the current methods.This article is categorized under:
RNA Export and Localization > RNA Localization
RNA Structure and Dynamics > RNA Structure, Dynamics, and Chemistry
RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > RNA–Protein Complexes
The investigation of semi‐strip's stress state with a longitudinal crack
Authors: Vaysfeld N. , Zhuravlova Z. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe article is dedicated to the investigation of the stress state of a semi‐strip weakened by a longitudinal crack. Two statements of the problem are considered. The integral Fourier transform is applied directly to the initial problem. The discontinuous boundary problem which is formulated in vector form is solved with the help of the matrix differential calculation and the Green's matrix‐function's discontinuous properties. The solving of the problem is reduced to the solving of the system of three singular integral equations (SSIE). This system is solved by two methods regarding to the conditions at the semi‐strip's short edge. The orthogonal polynomials method is used when the semi‐strip is loaded at the center of its short edge, and the special generalized scheme, which allows consideration of fixed singularities, this is applied when the whole semi‐strip's short edge is loaded. The stress intensity factors (SIF) are investigated for the two cases.
Meromorphic continuation of Selberg zeta functions with twists having non-expanding cusp monodromy
Authors: Fedosova Ksenia , Pohl Anke 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe initiate the study of Selberg zeta functions $$Z_{\Gamma ,\chi }$$ZΓ,χ for geometrically finite Fuchsian groups $$\Gamma $$Γ and finite-dimensional representations $$\chi $$χ with non-expanding cusp monodromy. We show that for all choices of $$(\Gamma ,\chi )$$(Γ,χ), the Selberg zeta function $$Z_{\Gamma ,\chi }$$ZΓ,χ converges on some half-plane in $$\mathbb {C}$$C. In addition, under the assumption that $$\Gamma $$Γ admits a strict transfer operator approach, we show that $$Z_{\Gamma ,\chi }$$ZΓ,χ extends meromorphically to all of $$\mathbb {C}$$C.
Random strict partitions and random shifted tableaux
Authors: Matsumoto Sho , Śniady Piotr 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe study asymptotics of randomshiftedYoung diagrams which correspond to a given sequence of reducibleprojectiverepresentations of the symmetric groups. We show limit results (Law of Large Numbers and Central Limit Theorem) for their shapes, provided that the representation character ratios and their cumulants converge to zero at some prescribed speed. Our class of examples includes uniformly random shifted standard tableaux with prescribed shape as well as shifted tableaux generated by some natural combinatorial algorithms (such as shifted Robinson–Schensted–Knuth correspondence) applied to a random input.
Diagnostic approach for myocardial contusion: a retrospective evaluation of patient data and review of the literature
Authors: Van Lieshout Esther M. M. , Verhofstad Michael H. J. , Van Silfhout Dirk Jan T. , Dubois Eric A. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Myocardial contusion can be a life-threatening condition in patients who sustained blunt thoracic trauma. The diagnostic approach remains a subject of debate. The aim of this study was to determine the sensitivity and specificity of echocardiography, electrocardiography, troponins T and I (TnT and TnI), and creatine kinase muscle/brain (CK-MB) for identifying patients with a myocardial contusion following blunt thoracic trauma.

Methods
Sensitivity and specificity were first determined in a 10-year retrospective cohort study and second by a systematic literature review with meta-analysis.

Results
Of the 117 patients in the retrospective study, 44 (38%) were considered positive for myocardial contusion. Chest X-ray, chest CT scan, electrocardiograph, and echocardiography had poor sensitivity (< 15%) but good specificity (≥ 90%). Sensitivity to cardiac biomarkers measured at presentation ranged from 59% for TnT to 77% for hs-TnT, specificity ranged from 63% for CK-MB to 100% for TnT. The systematic literature review yielded 28 studies, with 14.5% out of 7242 patients reported as positive for myocardial contusion. The pooled sensitivity of electrocardiography, troponin I, and CK-MB was between 62 and 71%, versus only 45% for echocardiography and 38% for troponin T. The pooled specificity ranged from 63% for CK-MB to 85% for troponin T and 88% for echocardiography.

Conclusion
The best diagnostic approach for myocardial contusion is a combination of electrocardiography and measurement of cardiac biomarkers. If abnormalities are found, telemonitoring is necessary for the early detection of life-threatening arrhythmias. Chest X-ray and CT scan may show other thoracic injuries but provide no information on myocardial contusion.
Nonlinear impact of financial deepening on income inequality
Authors: Benczúr Péter , Kvedaras Virmantas 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis paper looks at the influence of financial deepening (private bank credit) on income inequality in developed economies. Building on a model of financially open economies (Kunieda et al. (Macroecon Dyn 18:1091–1128, 2014)), defining its endogenous economic growth rate, and extending its implications also for top income shares, it is shown that the impact of bank credit on inequality depends on the gap between the real interest rate and the GDP growth rate (‘$$r-g$$

r
-
g

’). This finding is robustly confirmed by the empirical analysis on a few samples of OECD and EU countries, both for the Gini index and for top income shares. Both the econometric evidence and simple evidence show that the presence of this type of non-linearity (an interaction between financial deepening and $$r-g$$

r
-
g

) is likely to be one of the reasons for the mixed results that may be found in the empirical literature on the relationship between the financial deepening and income inequality.
Erstellung und Etablierung einer wissensbasierten Fallsammlung für forensische Bildgebung – WiFas
Authors:   Arbeitsgemeinschaft Forensische Bildgebung (AGFB) der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Rechtsmedizin (DGRM), Heinze S. , Grunert S. , Grabherr S. , Labudde D. 
Published: January 2020

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung
Mit der Weiterentwicklung und Verbreitung radiologischer Techniken wie Computertomographie und Magnetresonanztomographie hat in den letzten 2 Jahrzehnten die forensische Bildgebung einen immer größeren Stellenwert eingenommen. Um die damit verbundenen Ergebnisse und daraus gewonnenen Erkenntnisse sowie die in diesem Zusammenhang stehenden radiologischen Daten, welche diese neuen Techniken hervorbringen, allen Mitgliedern der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Rechtsmedizin zugänglich zu machen, wurde die Wissensbasierte Fallsammlung (WiFas) entwickelt.

Material und Methoden
Die Datenbank wurde als Webapplikation entwickelt. Es können externe Dokumente, Bilder und Dateiarchive zu Einzelgutachten in die Datenbank geladen und verwaltet werden. Ein systeminternes Nutzer-Rollen-Konzept verhindert den unautorisierten Systemzugriff durch unbefugte Personen.

Ergebnisse
Es ist eine Datenbank entstanden, die jedem Nutzer einen individuellen Zugang zu zahlreichen rechtsmedizinischen Fällen erlaubt. In der WiFas ist es möglich, sowohl eine Übersicht an Fällen zu erhalten, als auch gezielt nach einzelnen Fallarten zu suchen und Befunde in verschiedenen Dokumenten und Bildmaterial zu vergleichen.

Diskussion
Sowohl die klinische forensische Bildgebung als auch die postmortale Bildgebung sind nicht mit der klinischen Radiologie gleichzusetzen. Oftmals werden seitens der Ermittlungsbehörden rekonstruktive Fragen gestellt, deren Beantwortung nicht nur radiologisches Wissen, sondern auch rechtsmedizinisches Fachwissen fordert. Außerdem sind häufig spezifische Darstellungen der Bilddaten (z. B. dreidimensionale Darstellungen von Befunden) erforderlich. Im gesamten Gebiet der forensischen Bildgebung ist dementsprechend interdisziplinäres radiologisches und rechtsmedizinisches Wissen notwendig. Mit der WiFas wird erstmals eine Plattform angeboten, auf deren Grundlage verschiedenste Informationen aus den Bereichen der Rechtsmedizin und der Radiologie zusammenfließen können.
Hormonal and gene dynamics in de novo shoot meristem formation during adventitious caulogenesis in cotyledons of Pinus pinea
Authors: Alvarez José M. , Bueno Natalia , Cuesta Candela , Feito Isabel , Ordás Ricardo J. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Key message
Several members of WOX and KNOX gene families and several plant growth regulators, basically cytokinins and auxins, play a key role during adventitious caulogenesis in the conifer Pinus pinea.

Abstract
Similar to Arabidopsis thaliana, Pinus pinea shoot organogenesis is a multistep process. However, there are key differences between both species, which may alter the underlying physiological and genetic programs. It is unknown if the genic expression models during angiosperm development may be applicable to conifers. In this work, an analysis of the endogenous content of different plant growth regulators and the expression of genes putatively involved in adventitious caulogenesis in P. pinea cotyledons was conducted. A multivariate analysis of both datasets was also realized through partial least squares regression and principal component analysis to obtain an integral vision of the mechanisms involved in caulogenesis in P. pinea. Analyses show that cotyledons cultured in the presence of benzyladenine during long times (2–6 days) cluster separately from the rest of the samples, suggesting that the benzyladenine increase observed during the first hours of culture is sufficient to trigger the caulogenic response through the activation of specific developmental programs. In particular, the most relevant factors involved in this process are the cytokinins trans-zeatin, dihydrozeatin, trans-zeatin riboside and isopentenyl adenosine; the auxin indoleacetic acid; and the genes PpWUS, PpWOX5, PpKN2, PpKN3 and PipiRR1. WUS is functional in pines and has an important role in caulogenesis. Interestingly, WOX5 also seems to participate in the process, although its specific role has not been determined.
Tikhonov–Fenichel Reduction for Parameterized Critical Manifolds with Applications to Chemical Reaction Networks
Authors: Feliu Elisenda , Kruff Niclas , Walcher Sebastian 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe derive a reduction formula for singularly perturbed ordinary differential equations (in the sense of Tikhonov and Fenichel) with a known parameterization of the critical manifold. No a priori assumptions concerning separation of slow and fast variables are made, or necessary. We apply the theoretical results to chemical reaction networks with mass action kinetics admitting slow and fast reactions. For some relevant classes of such systems, there exist canonical parameterizations of the variety of stationary points; hence, the theory is applicable in a natural manner. In particular, we obtain a closed form expression for the reduced system when the fast subsystem admits complex-balanced steady states.
The Phylogeny and Functional Characterization of Peanut Acyl-ACP Thioesterases
Authors: Peng Zhenying , Zhang Hui , Tian Haiying , Shan Lei , Zhang Zhimeng , Ding Hong , Gao Wenwei , Li Xinguo 
Published: January 2020

AbstractFatty acyl-acyl thioesterases (FATs), which hydrolyze the thioester bond linking acyl chains to an acyl carrier protein, thereby terminating their elongation, contribute significantly to the fatty acid (FA) content and composition of seed storage lipids. The peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) genome was found to harbor 21 FAT (AhFAT) genes, distributed over 12 of the 20 chromosomes. The length of their predicted translation products varied from 74 to 415 residues, and all but one included the 1–2 Acyl-ACP_TE conserved domains. All of the coding sequences were interrupted by at least one intron, with the exon number ranging from two to 12, and five of the genes were liable to alternative splicing. When the RNA-Seq platform was used to assess the transcriptional behavior of the 21 AhFAT genes, transcription of only 13 was detectable in samples of root, leaves, and developing seed; among these, six were transcribed throughout the plant, three were root-specific and one was leaf-specific. A detailed analysis of a pair of homologous AhFATs showed that the coding region of each was split into six exons and that both were transcribed in all of the plant organs surveyed (although the intensity of their transcription was not the same in immature seed). The product of both genes was deposited in the chloroplast outer membrane. The constitutive expression of these genes in either yeast or Arabidopsis thaliana increased the FA content, especially that of saturated FAs. In peanut genome, 21 AhFAT genes were found and two of them were transformed into yeast and Arabidopsis for function identification. Results showed that overexpression of these two genes could increase the FA content, especially the saturated FAs content.
Surgical rescue for persistent head and neck cancer after first-line treatment
Authors: Steinbichler Teresa Bernadette , Golm L. , Dejaco D. , Riedl D. , Kofler B. , Url C. , Wolfram D. , Riechelmann H. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPurposeSurgical rescue is a treatment option for persistent disease after first-line treatment treatment of head and neck cancer (HNC).MethodsPatients with persistent HNC treated with rescue surgery between 2008 and 2016 were included. Patients who received a rescue neck dissection (ND only) and who received primary site surgery ± ND were analysed separately (primary site surgery ± ND).ResultsDuring the observation period, 35 patients received ND only and 17 primary site surgery ± ND. No perioperative mortality was observed. In nine patients with ND only and 12 patients with primary site surgery ± ND at least one complication was encountered. 41/52 (79%) patients had a complete response. Median overall survival of patients receiving rescue surgery was 56 months (95% CI 44–69 months). Median overall survival was best for patients with initial laryngeal and oropharyngeal cancer and worst for patients with hypopharyngeal cancer (p = 0.02). Functional deficits following rescue surgery were mainly observed in the domains speech, nutrition, and shoulder/arm mobility. The risk of functional impairment was higher for patients with rescue surgery at the primary tumor site (OR 2.5 ± 2;p = 0.07).ConclusionRescue surgery offers patients with resectable, persistent disease a realistic chance to achieve long-term survival. Especially patients with laryngeal and oropharyngeal cancer profited from rescue surgery. Rescue neck dissection is an effective and safe procedure. Patients with rescue surgery at the primary tumor site ± ND should expect complications and permanent functional impairment.
Mid-term evaluation of perioperative i.v. corticosteroid treatment efficacy on overall and audiological outcome following CO2 laser stapedotomy: a retrospective study of 84 cases
Authors: Székely L. , Gáborján A. , Dános K. , Szalóki T. , Fent Z. , Tamás L. , Polony G. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Our aim was to determine whether perioperatively administered corticosteroid treatment has any beneficial effect on the outcome of stapes surgery, with special regard to the audiological results and early postoperative morbidity.

Methods
84 CO2 laser stapedotomies performed in our institute between 2013 and 2018 were included in our investigation. All cases underwent preoperative and mid-term postoperative pure-tone audiometric evaluation. Vestibular complications were also evaluated. The cases were subdivided into two groups, 23 patients received perioperative i.v. methylprednisolone treatment (“S”) while the other 61 patients (“nS”) did not receive any adjuvant pharmacological therapy. The data were analyzed retrospectively using IBM SPSS Statistics.

Results
CO2 laser stapedotomy proved to be a successful intervention with a significant improvement in ABG and AC thresholds as well. Long-term BC levels were significantly better compared to preoperative ones in the S group; however, in the nS group, no difference could be shown. Hearing and ABG gain were significantly superior in group S [28.1 dB (SD11.2) vs. 18.1 dB (SD 10.9) and 23.9 dB(SD 9.8) vs. 17.2 dB (SD 9.5), respectively].

Conclusion
No significant inner ear damage was detectable in the results of our CO2 laser stapedotomy method; however, the positive effect of corticosteroid treatment could be demonstrated through the postoperative hearing levels. We found no statistical difference in early postoperative morbidity. According to our data, the routine administration of corticosteroids during stapes surgery could be an issue worthy of consideration. The effects of perioperative treatment vs that on the first day after surgery, and topical vs. systemic treatment could be the subject of further investigation in a prospective manner.
PD-1/PD-L1 expression and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes are prognostically favorable in advanced high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma
Authors: Martin de la Fuente Laura , Westbom-Fremer Sofia , Arildsen Nicolai Skovbjerg , Hartman Linda , Malander Susanne , Kannisto Päivi , Måsbäck Anna , Hedenfalk Ingrid 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe response rate to checkpoint inhibitors for women with high-grade serous carcinoma of the ovary, fallopian tube, and peritoneum (HGSC) is modest, and development of predictive biomarkers is needed. The main focus has been on tumor cell PD-L1 expression, but its assessment alone is insufficient for patient selection in most malignancies. We mapped the presence of macrophages (CD68 and CD163) and lymphocytes (CD3) located within the tumor epithelium, the cell type–specific expression of PD-L1 and PD-1, and their impact on 5-year overall survival (OS) in a consecutive cohort of 130 women diagnosed with advanced HGSC between 2011 and 2015. PD-L1 was expressed mainly by macrophages (not by tumor cells) and PD-1 by lymphocytes. Women with higher CD3, PD-L1, and PD-1 expression had improved OS (P = 0.03,P = 0.007, andP = 0.02, respectively). In the external data set (203 women), high expression ofCD274(encoding PD-L1) was associated with improved OS (P = 0.03), in accordance with our results. Furthermore, higher CD163 expression was associated with better outcome in women with no residual tumor after primary surgery (P = 0.02). Thus, women with greater lymphocyte tumor infiltration had better outcome and PD-L1/PD-1 expression, regardless of PD-1/PD-L1 being markers for immune suppressive pathways, conferred a survival benefit in our cohort. Our results highlight that tumor immunity may be harnessed in subsets of HGSC.