bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
OPTIMIZATION OF RICE HUSK HYDROLYSIS TIME INTO FURFURAL ASSISTED BY MICROWAVE
Authors: Rahim Marinda , Adhiksana Arief , Indriani Mina 
Published: December 2019

Rice production in East Kalimantan is quite high. In the process of milling usually rice husk obtained is about 20-30% from grains weight produced. The quite potential amount of rice husk has not yet widely utilized, even though rice husk contains pentosan which can be processed into furfural by hydrolysis method. The purpose of this research is to develop one step hydrolysis technique of rice husk into furfural with microwaves assistance to obtain the optimum time which can produce maximum furfural. In this research 50 grams of rice husk was added with 500 mL of H2SO4 1% as the catalyst. The mixture was then hydrolyzed using microwave-assisted method with a time variety of 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105 and 120 minutes. The result of analysis by Gas Chromatography (GC) showed that the highest result of furfural was at 90 minutes with a yield of 2.923%.
LEAN PROJECTS IN THE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY
Authors: Molodtsova N. V. 
Published: December 2019

The concept of lean production, the history of its creation, philosophy, main principles and tools are presented. Today technologies of lean production have become an essential part of manufacturing systems of many companies all over the world, including the sphere of health care and culture. Projects, implemented in libraries with the help of lean technologies, are aimed at optimization of some particular operations or technological processes, quality and terms of users servicing, elimination of problem segments in library activities.
ALİ EL-KÂRİ’NİN TEÂRUZ HALİNDEKİ HABERLERE YÖNELİK DEĞERLENDİRMELERİ
Authors: KAYAPINAR Hasan 
Published: December 2019

Hadis kaynaklarında çok sayıda âhâd haber seviyesinde rivayet bulunmaktadır. Bu rivayetlerin bazıları aynı konuda farklı bilgiler, farklı hükümler ihtiva etmektedir. Bu durumda teâruz arz eden rivayetleri anlama ve yorumlama problemi ortaya çıkmaktadır. Klasik dönemde teâruz halindeki haberlerin nasıl anlaşılması gerektiği, iki zıt anlamlı rivayetin nasıl telif edileceğine dair hacimli eserler kaleme alınmıştır. Teâruz konusu fıkıh ve fıkıh usulünün de inceleme alanına girmektedir. Zira teâruz halindeki bazı rivayetler hukuki hüküm içermektedir. Bu durumda teâruz arz eden haberlerin hangisi ile amel edileceği belirsiz hale gelmektedir. Mezhepler kendi sistemlerinde bu haberleri ele almış ve teâruz durumunda nasıl hareket edileceği konusunda yöntem geliştirmişlerdir. Bu yöntem farklılığı mezheplerin muhtelif sonuçlara ulaşmasına sebep olmuştur. Önemli bir Hanefî alimi olan Ali el-Kârî, fürû-ı fıkıh alanında kaleme aldığı eserinde haberlerin teâruzu durumunda Hanefî mezhebinin bu konudaki tutumunu ele almış ve bazı değerlendirmelerde bulunmuştur. Ali el-Kârî aynı zamanda hadis alanındaki çalışmaları ile de tanınmaktadır. Müellifin bu çalışmaları dikkate alındığında geniş bir hadis bilgisine sahip olduğu görülmektedir. Bu sayede teâruz durumunda Hanefîlerin tercih ettiği rivayeti hadis kaynaklarından incelemiş ve tercih sebeplerini ortaya koymuştur. Ali el-Kârî’nin açıklamaları Hanefî mezhebinin hadis ile olan ilişkisi, hadisleri anlama ve değerlendirme yöntemleri hakkında fikir vermesi açısından önem arz etmektedir.
Evaluation and Resuscitation of the Pregnant Orthopaedic Trauma Patient
Authors: Hill Kelly L. , Gross Maya E. , Sutton Karen M. , Mulcahey Mary K. 
Published: December 2019

» Orthopaedic injuries warranting trauma activation in pregnant patients are associated with increased risks of preterm birth, placental abruption, and infant and maternal death.» Physiological changes associated with pregnancy can mask the severity of orthopaedic injury sustained during trauma. Providers must perform all appropriate imaging studies associated with the mechanism of injury and perform a careful clinical examination in order to avoid missing injuries.» Pregnancy is a hypercoagulable state, and adequate prophylaxis for blood clots includes low-dose heparin as well as mechanical prophylaxis. Additionally, patients who have sustained orthopaedic trauma must be assessed frequently for thrombophlebitis.» Fetal outcomes are dependent on maternal resuscitation. In addition to the normal steps of trauma resuscitation, additional measures (including Rhesus typing, obtaining a coagulation profile, placing the patient in the left lateral decubitus position, early use of supplemental oxygen to maintain SaO2 [oxygen saturation] at >95%, having a low threshold for intubation, and placing a nasogastric tube to prevent aspiration) should also be performed. Fetal assessment should be completed after appropriate maternal resuscitation.» Factors related to the definitive treatment of orthopaedic injuries, including the type of surgical fixation, use of advanced imaging, and methods of surgical anesthesia, should prioritize maternal outcome. Thorough work-up of maternal injuries and comprehensive maternal resuscitation lead to the greatest benefit in terms of fetal outcomes.
Naturally Occurring Asbestos in France: A Technical and Regulatory Review
Authors: Léocat Erell 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT
Naturally occurring asbestos (NOA) has been a well-known issue within rock quarries for a long time. In France, the subject has recently become more controversial, particularly since 2013. In fact, some mineral fibers with the chemical composition of regulated asbestos (i.e., actinolite) have been discovered in road-base aggregates and associated air filter samples. The main problem concerns the determination of the asbestiform versus non-asbestiform character of such mineral particles. The in-force standard based on the morphological identification of a fiber does not allow one to make this distinction. Presently, in France, the asbestos analysis of building material is based on a “yes” or “no” result. This method has limitations for analyzing NOA, as NOA may be present in lower concentrations in natural materials, especially in road-base aggregates. The health effects of the non-asbestiform particles, also called “cleavage fragments,” with fiber morphology are not well established. The French government mandated the National Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety to conduct a review on the “state of the art” concerning the cleavage fragment issue. The conclusions of the report highlight the fact that elongate mineral particles (EMPs) are up for debate and address remaining questions concerning this subject. The next fundamental step is to secure agreement on the terminology of EMPs with the aim of comparing the studies in different disciplines.
Impact of point-of-care ultrasound on the hospital length of stay for internal medicine inpatients with cardiopulmonary diagnosis at admission. – Study protocol of a randomized controlled trial: the IMFCU-1 (Internal Medicine Focused Clinical Ultrasound) study
Authors: Cid Ximena Anaite , Canty David , Royse Alistair , Maier Andrea , Johnson Douglas , El-Ansary Doa , Clarke-Errey Sandy , Fazio Timothy , Royse Colin 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) is emerging as a reliable and valid clinical tool that impacts diagnosis and clinical decision making, and timely intervention for optimal patient management. This makes its utility in patients admitted to internal medicine wards attractive. However, there is still an evidence gap in all the medical setting of how its use affects clinical variables such as length of stay, morbidity and mortality. Methods/design A prospective randomized controlled trial assessing the effect of a surface POCUS of the heart, lungs, and femoral and popliteal veins performed by an internal medicine physician during the first 24 hours of patient admission to the unit with a presumptive cardiopulmonary diagnosis. The University of Melbourne iHeartScan, iLungScan and 2-point venous compression protocols are followed to identify left and right ventricular function, significant valvular heart disease, pericardial and pleural effusion, consolidation, pulmonary edema, pneumothorax and proximal deep venous thrombosis. Patient management is not commanded by the protocol and is at the discretion of the treating team. A total of 250 patients will be recruited at one tertiary hospital. Participants are randomized to receive POCUS or no POCUS. The primary outcome measured will be hospital length of stay. Secondary outcomes include the change in diagnosis and management, 30-day hospital readmission and health care costs. Discussion This study will evaluate the clinical impact of multi-organ POCUS in internal medicine patients admitted with cardiopulmonary diagnosis on the hospital length of stay. Recruitment of participants has commenced in September of 2018 and is estimated to be completed by March 2020.
Occupational exposure to HIV among healthcare workers in PMTCT sites in Port Harcourt, Nigeria
Authors: Akpuh Ndubuisi . , Ikeoluwapo Ajayi , Ayo Adebowale , Suleiman Idris H , Nguku Patrick , Dalhat Mahmood , Adedire Elizabeth 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Rivers State is among the states with high HIV prevalence in Nigeria. Occupational exposure to HIV through blood or body fluids of HIV/AIDS patients is a recognised risk factor of HIV infections among healthcare workers. We identified the determinants of occupational exposures to HIV among healthcare workers in Prevention of Maternal to Child Transmission (PMTCT) sites within Port Harcourt metropolis in Rivers State. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted and multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 341 healthcare providers from 22 public and 22 private health facilities in PMTCT sites in the Port Harcourt metropolis. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square and logistic regression models (p-value = 0.05). Results: Respondents’ mean age was 35.9±SD8.4 years, 270 (80.1%) and 171(50.7%) were females and from public health facilities respectively. Prevalence of occupational exposure of healthcare workers to HIV in the past 12 months was 153 (45.0%) and 96 (63.3%) experienced such exposure more than once. Contact with potentially infectious body fluid accounted for the largest proportion 51 (33.3%) followed by needle stick prick 49 (32.6%). About 189 (56.1%) had safety information at their disposal that serves as a reminder on safety precautions. The likelihood of occupational exposure was significantly higher among doctors (AOR=2.22, 95% C.I=1.16-4.25,) but lower among environmental health workers (AOR=0.10, 95% C.I=0.02-0.46,) than nurses/midwives when other factors were included in the model. Conclusion: Occupational exposure to blood and body fluids remains a frequent occurrence among healthcare workers, highest among doctors in PMTCT sites in the study area. Provision of protective safety materials, training and enforcement of adherence to universal precaution strategies is highly recommended. Key Words: Occupational exposure, HIV, healthcare workers, private facility, public facility, PMTCT, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
Positioning value of objective analysis of macular ganglion cell complex (mGCC) in optic pathway-related neuro-ophthalmology
Authors: Zhang Wei , Sun Xin-quan , Peng Xiao-yan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Objective This study aimed to explore the positioning value of objective analysis of macular ganglion cell complex (mGCC) in optic pathway-related neuro-ophthalmology diseases. Methods In this retrospective case study, a total of 32 patients with optic pathway-related neuro-ophthalmology diseases were enrolled. A swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) was used to scan and analyze the morphological characteristics of the mGCC thickness and the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) thickness in these patients, which were compared with the vision changes at the corresponding phase to analyze their relationship. Results In optic pathway-related neuro-ophthalmologic diseases, the morphological characteristics of mGCC thickness demonstrated characteristic changes that are similar to that of vision, and mGCC analysis remained to be objective. Conclusion The application of SS-OCT to examine the morphological changes of mGCC thickness has the value of objective positioning analysis in the diagnosis and treatment of optic pathway-related neuro-ophthalmologic diseases.
Effect of Continuation of Antiplatelet Therapy on Survival in Patients Receiving Physician Home Visits
Authors: Osugi Yasuhiro , Ino Teruo , Kobayashi Daiki , Iwata Mitzunaga , Asai Kanici 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Little is known about the effects of continued antiplatelet therapy in patients who receive physician home visits. This study aimed to evaluate the association of survival with the continuation of antiplatelet drugs in patients who received physician home visits. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in a teaching hospital in Toyota, Japan, from April 2015 to October 2018. All patients who received home visits by physicians from the department of Family Medicine of the hospital were included. The primary outcome was the difference in all-cause mortality between patients who were taking antiplatelet drugs and those who were not. The Cox proportional hazards model was applied, adjusted for the patient’s demographic features, activities of daily living, comorbidities, and primary disease requiring home care. Results: A total of 815 patients were included, of whom 61 received antiplatelet drugs ( n = 42 for aspirin, n = 17 for clopidogrel, and n = 8 for cilostazol) and 772 received no antiplatelet drugs. The mean age of the patients was 78.3 years, 409 (49.1%) were male, and 314 (37.7%) had end-stage cancer. During a median follow-up period of 120 days (interquartile range, 29–364), 54.3% of the patients died. Compared with patients not taking antiplatelet drugs, patients taking antiplatelet drugs had a better outcome ( p < 0.01, log-rank test) and a significantly lower hazard ratio (0.34; 95% confidence interval, 0.17–0.65; Cox proportional hazards regression). Conclusions: The continuous prescription of antiplatelet drugs may have beneficial effects on mortality among patients who receive physician home visits.
Differences in the Microsurface and Microvascular Features between Early Gastric Cancer of Corpus and Antrum under Narrow Band Imaging Magnifying Endoscopy
Authors: Zhuang Qian , Wang Jing , Luo Shengzheng , Wu Xiaowan , Cheng Jinnian , Qian Yueqin , Gong Xiaoyuan , Zhou Hui , Wan Xinjian 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background

Microsurface structure (MS) and microvascular features (MV) of early gastric cancer (EGC) are associated with the histologic type, invasion depth and macroscopic shape of lesions. However, no studies have reported the differences in the MS and MV features between EGCs of antrum and corpus under magnifying endoscopy with narrow band imaging (ME-NBI).Methods

This was a retrospective study including 116 patients with EGC. The characteristics of MS and MV pattern of EGC were evaluated in 2 group, antrum type and corpus type.Results

According to the Sakaki’s classification, the MS of EGCs presented as IV, V1 or VI typein in sequence, one level higher than the previous type in the degree of atypia. Tumor location and differentiated degree were identified as independent predictors for MS pattern. For the probability of at least one level higher, in the MS pattern, the corporal EGCs was 5.84 times as high as that of antral EGCs ( χ 2 =9.42, P=0.002, 95%CI 1.89-18.05), and undifferentiated-type lesions was 8.82 times as high as that of the differentiated-type lesions ( χ 2 =11.67, P=0.001, 95%CI 2.53-30.76). No difference in the MV pattern was observed between antral EGCs and corporal EGCs (P=0.7), while the microvascular pattern and microsurface pattern (VS pattern, FNP, ILL-1, ILL-2 and CSP) were significantly different between those 2 groups (P=0.001).Conclusions

There are significant differences in the MS and VS pattern of EGC between antrum and corpus types. The antral EGC is less obvious than the corporal EGC, therefore, it is more likely to be missed in clinical gastroscopy.
The effect of oxytocin vaginal gel on vaginal atrophy in postmenopausal women: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Zohrabi Ilnaz , Abedi Parvin , Ansari Somayeh , Maraghi Elham , Maram Nader Shakiba , Houshmand Gholamreza 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Around 90% of postmenopausal women are suffering from vaginal atrophy. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of oxytocin vaginal gel on vaginal atrophy among postmenopausal women. Methods: This was a randomized controlled trial that was conducted on 96 postmenopausal women who suffered from vaginal atrophy. The inclusion criteria were: literate women, age 40-60, at least one year passed from their last menstrual period or the level of FSH>40IU, monogamous women with the sexual relationship. Women in the intervention group, requested to use one applicator of 400 IU oxytocin gel per night and women in the placebo group used placebo each night. The subjective symptoms of vaginal atrophy, vaginal PH, maturation index were measured before and after the intervention. Results: The number of superficial cells was increased significantly in the oxytocin group compared to placebo (38.7±7.18 vs. 3.69±2.76, p=0.0001), while the number of parabasal cells was decreased significantly in the oxytocin compared to placebo after the intervention. The improvement of the maturation index was more dominant in the oxytocin group (increased from 7.76±4.68 to 52.48±7.54) in comparison to the placebo group (increased from 8.58±4.35 to 13.25±5.06). The PH of the vagina decreased significantly in the oxytocin group in comparison to the placebo group (p=0.0001). After eight weeks, 88.6% and 7.1% of women in the oxytocin and placebo groups did not show the severe symptoms of vaginal atrophy (p=0.001) Conclusion: The results of this study showed that eight weeks intervention with oxytocin vaginal gel (400 IU) could significantly improve the vaginal maturation index, subjective symptoms of vaginal atrophy and reduce the PH of the vagina. Using this medication in women who have a contraindication for hormone therapy is recommended.
Blood signatures for second stage Human African Trypanosomiasis: A transcriptomic approach.
Authors: Mulindwa Julius , Matovu Enock , Enyaru John , Clayton Christine 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
Rhodesiense sleeping sickness is caused by infection with T. b rhodesiense parasites resulting in an acute disease that is fatal if not treated in time. The global impact of active T. b rhodesiense infection on the patient’s immune response in the early and late stages of the disease is not known.

Results
We previously described the transcriptomes of T. b rhodesiense from infected early stage blood (n=3) and late stage CSF (n=3) samples from Eastern Uganda. We here identify human transcripts that were differentially expressed (padj < 0.05) in the early stage blood versus healthy controls (n=3) and early stage blood versus late stage CSF. Differential expression in infected blood showed an enrichment of innate immune response genes whereas that of the CSF showed enrichment for anti-inflammatory and neuro-degeneration signalling pathways. We also identified genes (C1QC, MARCO, IGHD3-10) that were up-regulated (log 2 FC > 2.5) in both the blood and CSF.

Conclusion
The data yields insights into the host’s response to T. b rhodesiense parasites in the blood and central nervous system. We identified key pathways and signalling molecules for the predominant innate immune response in the early stage infection; and anti-inflammatory and neuro-degeneration pathways associated with sleep disorders in second stage infection. We further identified potential blood biomarkers that can be used for diagnosis of late stage disease without the need for lumbar puncture.
Health Assets and Frailty: Positive Psychosocial Resources and Health Status in Older Adult, a Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Gregorevic Kate , Hubbard Ruth E , Peel Nancye M , Lau Wei Tong , Wu Jethro , Crammond Bradley , Lim Wen Kwang 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Although frailty is predictive of poorer outcomes for hospitalised older adults, it does not account for all variation in outcomes. Health assets are protective factors associated with wellbeing that may moderate frailty associated mortality and functional decline Objective: To determine whether frail older adults with a higher number of health assets have improved outcomes Design: Prospective cohort study Methods: Adults aged 70 and older with an unplanned admission to hospital were included. Recruitment took place on general medical, orthogeriatric and subacute wards of two hospitals in Australia. The Health Assets Index (HAI), frailty, functional status and covariates were measured at the time of recruitment. Outcomes were mortality at 30 days and functional decline at the time of discharge. Results: There were 298 participants, with an average age of 84.7 and 66% were women. 80.1% were frail. The mean score on the HAI was 10.86 with a range of 5.5-15. 56.4% of participants had functional decline on discharge from hospital with 30 day mortality of 5.7%. There was an inverse relationship between frailty and health assets. Neither frailty or a higher number of health assets alone predicted outcomes. In a post-hoc analysis to account for interaction, a higher number of health assets was protective against mortality for the least frail. This relationship was reversed at higher levels of frailty. Conclusions: A higher number of Health Assets correlated with a lower level of frailty. Although Health Assets alone did not predict mortality, this relationship may be moderated by frailty.
Antiviral effect of 1-calcium phosphonate uracil against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in vitro
Authors: Xu Lei , Xu Zhi wen , Jun Zhao , Yang Xiao yu , Zhang Ruo bo , Jiang Chao yuan , Yu Feng , Yin Xin huan , Li Fei , Huang Jianbo , Sun Xiangang , Ling Zhu 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is an RNA virus. Currently, it is treated in various ways, including vaccination with inactivated vaccine, live attenuated vaccine, or subunit vaccine, but the control of PRRSV infection is still inadequate. Therefore, it is necessary to study new drugs against PRRSV infection. In this study, the antiviral effect of 1-calcium phosphonate uracil on PRRSV in vitro was studied.
Results: PRRSV was significantly inhibited in SR pretreated cells. In addition, the results showed that SR inhibited the adhesion, entry and genome synthesis of PRRSV, but did not affect the release of PRRSV.
Conclusion: Our results suggest that SR may play an antiviral role in PRRSV infection in vitro, which suggests that SR may be a potential new drug for inhibiting PRRSV infection
Tissue-specific de novo transcriptome analysis in kiwifruit [Actinidia deliciosa (A Chev) Liang et Ferguson]
Authors: SALAZAR JUAN , Vergara Cristian , Jorquera Claudia , Zapata Patricio , Gómez Pedro Martínez , Infante Rodrigo , Meneses Claudio 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The authors have withdrawn this preprint from Research Square