bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Imagistic Imagining Part I
Authors: Langland-Hassan Peter 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The relationship of attitude imagining to imagistic imagining is explored in depth. Formal characterizations are given of each. A nuanced definition of ‘mental imagery’ is developed as a means to better-defining I-imagining. Competing attempts to define A-imagining in terms of a certain “direction of fit” are criticized, as are attempts to distinguish “mere supposition” from A-imagining. It is then argued that A-imagining and I-imagining pick out overlapping but distinct sets of mental phenomena. Some A-imginings are I-imaginings, and some I-imaginings are A-imaginings. But neither is a sub-set of the other. Several strains of resistance to that conclusion are considered and rejected. Currie & Ravenscroft’s (2002) notion of “recreative imagining” is closely analyzed with the conclusion that it does not pick out a third theoretically important class of imaginings.
Pretense Part II
Authors: Langland-Hassan Peter 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The question of the psychological states typically relied upon to carry out a pretense is explored. The influential idea that pretenders must “quarantine” or “decouple” certain representations from others is queried and critiqued. An alternative approach to the psychology of pretense is developed that does not require quarantining, and which is consistent with pretenses being driven entirely by beliefs and desires. A number of different pretenses are provided as examples. While some pretenses involve use of beliefs in conditionals, many pretenses can proceed with the use of ordinary non-conditional beliefs and desires. A number of objections to the approach are considered and rebutted, including the claim that the dissociations seen in people with autism spectrum disorder favor belief in sui generis imaginings.
Satires on Domestic Subjects
Authors: Hale Meredith McNeill 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This chapter examines five satires on the subject of domestic politics. Orange-Amsterdam opposition dominated Dutch politics for much of the seventeenth century and the States Party faction, led by the republican-leaning Amsterdam regents, was driven by two primary concerns: the interruption to trade, particularly with France, caused by William III’s invasion of England and subsequent military exploits; and the curbing of William’s dynastic ambition, which was seen as a direct threat to Holland’s supremacy within the United Provinces. All of De Hooghe’s satires under consideration here are Orangist in viewpoint and accuse Amsterdam of colluding with France in order to maintain lucrative trade alliances and marginalize William III politically. The function of De Hooghe’s satires is the primary focus of this discussion and, to this end, the critical role played by factionalism in Dutch politics of this period will be considered. It will be argued that De Hooghe’s domestic satires were intended for a specific segment of Holland’s governing elite, those in the ‘middle party’ who did not align themselves fully with either the States Party or the Orangist ends of the political spectrum. The chapter concludes that pragmatic considerations were a critical impetus for the domestic satires: for Orangists, the fact that William III needed the financial support of Amsterdam for his military campaigns; and, for the Amsterdam regents, as is articulated in an anonymous anti-Williamite satire, the fear of William III’s monarchical ambitions and the opportunity to consolidate their power in the absence of the Stadhouder-King.
The Logic of Mercy
Authors: Rendle Matthew 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Chapter 5 explores why many sentences from revolutionary tribunals were suspended, why there were frequent national amnesties, and why some offenders were released early—termed as ‘mercy’ by the Bolsheviks. These activities all emphasized the flexibility of law. Bolshevik legal theorists argued that, if the danger posed by the crime changed, then so should the sentence, and there was no point incarcerating people who could be safely rehabilitated into society. But there were also other logical reasons, from reinforcing the image of the justice system as independent and the state as humane to relieving pressure on overcrowded courts and prisons, to targeting social groups whose support or service was needed. This chapter focuses on cassation, amnesties, and early release to examine how the Bolsheviks utilized mercy. It also explores the dialogue on justice that emerged in appeals, and the strategies of appellants, and how their ‘involuntary complicity’ in revolutionary justice may have reinforced its legitimacy and, in turn, the authority of the state.
Theology and the Anthropology of Christian Life
Authors: Robbins Joel 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBoth sociocultural anthropology and theology have made fundamental contributions to our understanding of human experience and the place of humanity in the world. But can these two disciplines, despite the radical differences that separate them, work together to transform their thinking on these topics? This book argues that they can. To make this point, the author draws on key theological discussions of such matters as atonement, eschatology, interruption, passivity, and judgement to rethink important anthropological debates about such topics as ethical life, radical change, the ways people live in time, agency, gift giving, and the nature of humanity. The result is both a reconsideration of important aspects of anthropological theory through theological categories and a series of careful readings of influential theologians such as Moltmann, Pannenberg, Jüngel, and Dalferth from the vantage point of rich ethnographic materials concerning the lives of Christians from around the world. In conclusion, the author draws on contemporary discussions of secularism to interrogate the secular foundations of anthropology and suggests that the differences between anthropology and theology in regard to this topic can provide a foundation rather than obstacle to their dialogue. Written as a work of interdisciplinary anthropological theorizing, this book also provides theologians an introduction to some of the most important ground covered by the burgeoning field of the anthropology of Christianity while guiding anthropologists into some major areas of theological discussion.
The Camera-I
Authors: Anderson David 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The opening chapter, ‘The Camera-I: Patrick Keiller’s Early Short Films and Essays’, reconstructs Keiller’s early career and his shift from architecture to film-making, reading the use of ‘subjective camera’ and the creation of ‘subjective townscape’ in his early experimental works as crucial to the developing sensibility of his later docu-narratives. Excavating a history of the ‘London Film-makers’ Co-op’ and examining Keiller’s early essays before looking at the short films Stonebridge Park (1981) and Norwood (1983), it explores the ‘atmosphere of unemployed reverie’ and paranoiac, noir methods that provided a footing for the later Robinson series. At the same time, it offers a view of the exciting world of political agitation and experimental film of 1960s London.
Crosses, Circles, and Madness
Authors: Anderson David 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Sinclair’s creative misreading of ‘psychogeography’ as ‘psychotic geography’ is central to the sixth chapter, ‘Crosses, Circles, and Madness: Iain Sinclair’s Lights Out for the Territory, London Orbital, and Edge of the Orison’. This chapter centres on the self-conscious neuroticism of Sinclair’s later documentary narratives, showing how the idea of walking is ever more closely associated with madness and psychological instability. Exploring Sinclair’s cultivation of ‘secret’ histories and ‘obscenery’ in Lights Out for the Territory (1997) and London Orbital (2002), its examination of Edge of the Orison (2005) arcs back to John Barrell’s canonical study of landscape art and the poetry of John Clare, suggesting that Sinclair’s agonized attachment to the figure of Clare finds his work ‘haunted’ by nothing so much as itself, returning constantly to the same themes and territories in a perverse parody of the picturesque mode.
The Personal Model
Authors: Bui Ngoc Son 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This chapter focuses on seven constitutional amendments in North Korea under Kim Jong-il and Kim Jong-un’s rule. The Suryong (supreme leaders) system informs and legitimizes the process and substance of constitutional change in North Korea, the experience characterized here as the personal model of socialist constitutional change. The change of Suryong normally induces constitutional change. The Constitution was, also, amended to incorporate Suryong’s new ideas and guidance. Procedurally, the constitutional amendments are formally approved by the legislature with a two-third majority vote, but amendment approval is effectively controlled by a Suryong. Substantively, constitutional change in North Korea improves the Suryong-Dominant Party-State System to facilitate the government’s role in improving the material wellbeing of living conditions. The need to improve the material wellbeing generates new ideas about socio-economic development, the institutional adjustment to facilitate effective management of the economy and the society at large, and empowering the citizens to some extent.
The Churchill Syndrome
Authors: Fielding Steven , Schwarz Bill , Toye Richard 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This chapter focuses on the way in which political actors of different stripes have used the idea of Churchill as a means of self-validation. It explores how, in the decades after his death, Churchill became a key point of reference in Anglo-American relations, a theme which intensified after the terrorist attacks of 9/11. The chapter also examines how Churchill has been used by those on both sides of the long-running debate about British membership of the European Union. Although Remainers invoked the memory of the 1946 ‘United States of Europe’ speech, they struggled to sell Churchill as a complex figure who was prepared to make concessions on British sovereignty in the interests of future peace. The ingrained, bulldog image remained hegemonic—even though Churchill’s popular reputation had shifted in subtle but significant ways since the end of the Second World War.
Early Jewish Interpretation
Authors: Pregill Michael E. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This chapter examines the earliest traditions of interpretation of the Golden Calf narrative, found in Jewish literature of the Greco-Roman period; these early retellings of the narrative are deeply colored by apologetic concerns. Major shifts in interpretation can be charted over the course of a few short centuries during this era due to rapid changes in the cultural and religious landscape. While the Septuagint, the ancient Greek translation of the Hebrew Bible, is frank regarding the Israelites’ sin of idolatry, the versions of the Golden Calf episode found in Philo, Pseudo-Philo, and Josephus are concerned to minimize the impact of attacks on the Jewish community and its traditions from gentile outsiders, and so represent the story in ways intended to mitigate the impression of Israel’s idolatry. Early rabbinic exegetes, in contrast, are relatively candid about Israel’s sin with the Calf. However, the emergence of the Christian movement, which entailed the revision of numerous biblical stories, including new understandings of the Calf narrative, induced rabbinic exegetes to approach the Calf narrative with a new sense of circumspection and caution in order to counter rival interpretations that were potentially harmful to the reputation and self-conception of the Jewish community.
A Hard Yoke Upon Their Neck
Authors: Pregill Michael E. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This chapter compares the presentations of the Golden Calf narrative in the literary texts of early Christianity and early rabbinic Judaism. The promotion of anti-Jewish readings of the Golden Calf narrative by the early Christian movement, especially after Christianity’s establishment as an imperial religion, would compel Jewish exegetes to adopt new apologetic interpretations that were more imaginative, as well as more evasive, concerning the issue of the culpability of both Aaron and the Israelites for their deed at Sinai. Virtually from the outset, the early Christian movement made use of the Calf narrative as proof of the disconfirmation of the formerly chosen Israel in favor of the Christian Church, positioned as the true Israel and new chosen people. Early Christian exegetes strove to emphasize the illegitimacy of the Jews’ continuing claim to covenantal priority, but this effort was tempered by the necessity of validating Israel’s historical relationship with God and the authenticity of the Bible as true revelation. Notably, these exegetes’ understanding of the significance of Israel’s idolatry with the Calf often appears to reflect an awareness of older Jewish approaches to the story. In turn, the major revisions of the episode seen in later rabbinic tradition can be read as a response to the promotion of specific anti-Jewish themes in patristic literature. Thus, despite the mutual opposition and hostility expressed by spokesmen of both communities, a basic symmetry, even symbiosis, between Jewish and Christian traditions is characteristic of this phase of development of accounts of Israel’s making of the Calf.
The Goals of Competition Law
Authors: Ahdar Rex 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The Commerce Act 1986 expressly states its object is to promote “effective or workable competition.” This traditional Harvard School approach has been consistently assailed by big business interests in New Zealand, assisted by a phalanx of “down-under” Chicago School economists and lawyers. Chicagoans have had minor successes in terms of amendments to the principal Act, and some quite notable court victories, but the glittering prize, the overall objective of the Act, has remained unchanged. Chicago won several battles, but lost the war. A major amendment to the Act in 2001, promoted by a Labour government, recast its object to state that its purpose was “to promote competition in markets for the long-term benefit of consumers within New Zealand.” After a quiet period where nothing seemed to have changed, the most recent signs are that a mild preference for consumers is appearing. The chapter also examines the international competitiveness arguments of Michael Porter.
Retrospect and Prospect
Authors: Ahdar Rex 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This chapter looks back upon the modern era and speculates on future developments. As a modern competition statue, the Commerce Act 1986 stands up well in both substance and form and, overall, can be adjudged to be a success. The courts have battled valiantly to determine often complex disputes in a way that is mostly in harmony with the Act’s objective. A respectable body of antitrust jurisprudence has accumulated in just over three decades. Some challenges faced by NZ competition policy designers and enforcement agencies are generic in nature, being issues facing all antitrust jurisdictions. Common challenges include: (a) greater harmonization of competition law internationally and increased co-operation between enforcement authorities; (b) the challenge posed by the digital economy and new technologies; (c) a renewed concern with “fairness” and socio-political considerations, and; (d) inclusion of new factors such as environmental impacts. Other matters are more specific to New Zealand and include: (i) the response to greater Chinese investment and control (Sinicization) of the economy, and; (ii) the possible accommodation of indigenous Maori business enterprises.
Creation and the Transcategorial Phenomenal
Authors: Cheetham David 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This chapter considers the concept of ineffability. Has this concept been monopolized by pluralists who use it to provide an object that is sufficiently mystical and unfathomable to accommodate religious differences? Does the ineffable do any work in their systems other than provide a formal category of ultimacy? The chapter seeks to investigate this by evaluating the use of ineffability, or the transcategorial, by advocates of the pluralist view of religions. In the second part, the chapter seeks to bring the analytic tradition into dialogue with the phenomenological tradition and particularly with the work of Jean-Luc Marion. Marion highlights the given-ness or excess of experiences that do not rely on metaphysical grounds. The chapter suggests an alternative account of ‘the Real’ as an experience of excess (the ‘transcategorial phenomenal’) that takes place in the midst of the event of interreligious encounter. ‘The Real’ from the ground-up.
Scintillation detectors
Authors: Kolanoski Hermann , Wermes Norbert 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The detection of scintillation light, which is generated when an ionising particle passes certain media or when radiation is absorbed, belongs to the oldest detection techniques. Scintillation detectors are read out electronically by employing the photon detectors described in a previous chapter. Scintillators are either made of organic or of inorganic materials (crystals) with essential differences of their properties and application field. For both scintillation mechanisms, the light yield and the time dependence of the signals are explained and the specific application areas pointed out. Typical assemblies of scintillation detectors are presented which include organic scintillators as trigger and timing counters, scintillating fibres for tracking and calorimetry and inorganic crystal arrangements for calorimetry.
Ernest Hemingway
Authors: Rennie David A. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Hemingway’s World War I writing developed, first, as he honed his distinctive style and progressed toward completing his first novel. In the 1930s, Hemingway shifted approach, however, and his World War I-related writings came under the influence of his interest in social inequality (To Have and Have Not); his shift toward showing instead of implying interiority in Across the River and into the Trees; and the general imposition of his ego into his private and public writing. He remained committed, however, to the idea of the inherently complex nature of warfare.
Mobile Inequality
Authors: Lawreniuk Sabina , Parsons Laurie 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Having previously highlighted the shortcomings of traditional inequality measures in Chapter 2, this chapter highlights the efficacy of an alternative perspective. Bringing together evidence from linked rural and urban research sites to explore the role of remittances in replicating rural inequalities in urban areas, it uses a mixed methodology, incorporating social network analysis, household surveys, and qualitative interviews, to highlight the role of rural familial remittance commitments in determining urban migrant livelihoods and vice versa. In doing so, it argues that those migrants who are compelled to remit a higher proportion of their salaries behave differently in their destination from those who remit less or none, changing jobs more frequently, but failing to build productive social networks or advance in terms of income or conditions. In this way, Chapter 3 shows that translocal patterns of mobility—and the economic flows that structure them—are a key means by which inequalities are replicated between rural and urban areas and sustained over time.
Banking on Failure
Authors: Collier Richard S 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This book seeks to explain why and how banks ‘game the system’. More specifically, its objective is to account for why banks are so often involved in cases of misconduct and why those cases often involve the exploitation of tax systems. To do this, a case study is presented in Part I of the book. This case study concerns a highly complex transaction (often referred to as ‘cum-ex’) designed to exploit a flaw at the intersection of the tax system and the financial markets settlements system. It was entered into by a very large number of banks and other financial institutions. A number of factors make the cum-ex transaction remarkable, including the sheer scale of the financial amounts involved, the large number of banks and financial institutions involved, the comprehensive failure of the controls infrastructure in this highly regulated sector, and the fact that authorities across Europe have found it so difficult to deal with the transaction. Part II of the book draws out the wider significance of cum-ex and what it tells us about modern banks and their interactions with tax systems. The account demonstrates why the exploitation of tax systems by banks is practically inevitable due to a variety of systemic features of the financial markets and of tax systems themselves. A number of possible responses to the current position are suggested in the final chapter.
Revolutionizing Sentiment
Authors: Windell Maria A. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In Chapter 5, sentimentalism becomes event-oriented as possibilities for revolt resonate throughout the Caribbean and the United States. Questions of violence, hemispheric politics, and community collide in narratives of slave resistance, including Frederick Douglass’s The Heroic Slave (1853), Victor Séjour’s “The Mulatto” (1837), Cuban author Gertrudis Gómez de Avellaneda’s Sab (1841), and Martin R. Delany’s Blake (1859–62). Each text engages the racial, gendered, and economic exploitations of slavery while contemplating sentiment’s role in organized acts of slave violence; together these fictions highlight transamerican structures of enslavement and racialization that complicate US racial discourses. The chapter culminates in a discussion of Blake’s construction of a militarized affective abolitionism, which builds on prior nineteenth-century fictions’ challenges to slavery and racism. As the novel insists upon a sentimentalism that works at the level of “the people,” it makes sentiment revolution-ready.
Conclusion
Authors: Parry Glyn , Enis Cathryn 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We conclude that the Dudley ascendancy was a political project that needs to be understood through the methodologies of material, political, and cultural history. This adds to the recent more nuanced understanding of religious allegiance in early modern England, and historians’ emerging challenge to an assumed consensus among the élite. We suggest new approaches to the Dudleys, the cultural legacy of Edward Arden, and new ways for historians of politics and theatre to examine the political activities of particular peerage families. We suggest how further investigation of Drayton Bassett could offer new understanding of how people in early modern Warwickshire negotiated their social and political interactions. The chapter re-examines the Shakespeares’ applications for coats of arms in 1596 and 1599–1600, by which date the family name had gained a new lustre, through published praise in 1598 of William’s skill in imitating a wide range of revered classical authors, and through the commercial, social capital that now accrued to a name which publishers from 1598 used for greater profits, using Shakespeare’s name not only on his own work, but on those of other authors. In a different social context, the recovered status of the Arden name at Court explains why the Shakespeares now wished to impale their arms with the Ardens, so recently attainted in blood. Robert Arden had survived years of Burghley’s abuse of the legal process to conceal major flaws in Edward Arden’s condemnation, so that after Burghley’s death, in May 1599 Elizabeth partially restored the Arden name.