bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Consensus‐Based Technical Recommendations for Clinical Translation of Renal Phase Contrast MRI
Authors: de Boer Anneloes , Villa Giulia , Bane Octavia , Bock Michael , Cox Eleanor F. , Dekkers Ilona A. , Eckerbom Per , Fernández‐Seara Maria A. , Francis Susan T. , Haddock Bryan , Hall Michael E. , Hall Barrientos Pauline , Hermann Ingo , Hockings Paul D. , Lamb Hildo J. , Laustsen Christoffer , Lim Ruth P. , Morris David M. , Ringgaard Steffen , Serai Suraj D. , Sharma Kanishka , Sourbron Steven , Takehara Yasuo , Wentland Andrew L. , Wolf Marcos , Zöllner Frank G. , Nery Fabio , Caroli Anna 
Published: November 2020

BackgroundPhase‐contrast (PC) MRI is a feasible and valid noninvasive technique to measure renal artery blood flow, showing potential to support diagnosis and monitoring of renal diseases. However, the variability in measured renal blood flow values across studies is large, most likely due to differences in PC‐MRI acquisition and processing. Standardized acquisition and processing protocols are therefore needed to minimize this variability and maximize the potential of renal PC‐MRI as a clinically useful tool.PurposeTo build technical recommendations for the acquisition, processing, and analysis of renal 2D PC‐MRI data in human subjects to promote standardization of renal blood flow measurements and facilitate the comparability of results across scanners and in multicenter clinical studies.Study TypeSystematic consensus process using a modified Delphi method.PopulationNot applicable.Sequence Field/StrengthRenal fast gradient echo‐based 2D PC‐MRI.AssessmentAn international panel of 27 experts from Europe, the USA, Australia, and Japan with 6 (interquartile range 4–10) years of experience in 2D PC‐MRI formulated consensus statements on renal 2D PC‐MRI in two rounds of surveys. Starting from a recently published systematic review article, literature‐based and data‐driven statements regarding patient preparation, hardware, acquisition protocol, analysis steps, and data reporting were formulated.Statistical TestsConsensus was defined as ≥75% unanimity in response, and a clear preference was defined as 60–74% agreement among the experts.ResultsAmong 60 statements, 57 (95%) achieved consensus after the second‐round survey, while the remaining three showed a clear preference. Consensus statements resulted in specific recommendations for subject preparation, 2D renal PC‐MRI data acquisition, processing, and reporting.Data ConclusionThese recommendations might promote a widespread adoption of renal PC‐MRI, and may help foster the set‐up of multicenter studies aimed at defining reference values and building larger and more definitive evidence, and will facilitate clinical translation of PC‐MRI.Level of Evidence1Technical Efficacy Stage1
Healing of donor sites of connective tissue grafts harvested by the single incision technique: A randomized clinical trial evaluating the use of collagen hemostatic sponge with or without sutures
Authors: Schinini Guillermo , Sales Diego , Gómez Mariel V. , Romanelli Hugo J. , Chambrone Leandro 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of suturing on the early wound healing of donor sites of subepithelial connective tissue grafts (SCTG), harvested by the single incision technique (SIT), following the application of a collagen sponge.MethodsThirty‐six patients were randomized to receive a collagen sponge with or without sutures in the palatal donor sites following connective tissue grafting via the SIT. Outcome variables were early healing index (EHI) at 7, 14, and 30 days, self‐reported pain using a visual analogue scale (VAS) recorded on the 0 to 100 scale at 7 and 14 days, and immediate and delayed bleeding.ResultsNo significant differences were found between groups at baseline. EHI index showed no differences between groups in all‐time intervals. Eight subjects from suture group (SG) and 10 from no suture group (nSG) showed complete wound closure at day 14 (P >0.05) and at 30 days, complete closure was observed in 35 out of 36 patients. Four subjects from the SG and three from the nSG had immediate bleeding (P >0.05), while delayed bleeding was observed in two subjects from the SG and three from the nSG during the first week of healing (P >0.05). No differences were found in VAS scale between groups (SG, 36.2 ± 24.8; nSG, 21.5 ± 24.2, P >0.05).ConclusionIt can be concluded that when a collagen sponge is placed in palatal donor areas of SCTG harvest by means of the SIT (incision length of ≈15 mm), sutured and non‐sutured sites display similar early wound healing outcomes and patient‐reported outcomes.
Surface‐enhanced resonance Raman detection of 1,1‐diamino‐2,2‐dinitroethylene (FOX‐7) on metal‐doped Au12 and Ag12 clusters
Authors: Sun Yuanze , Du Qiuying , Li Quanjiang , Su Yan , Zhao Jijun 
Published: November 2020

AbstractDetection of explosive molecules is an important challenge due to the aggravating of global terrorism. It is known that surface‐enhanced resonance Raman scattering (SERRS) is a promising analysis technique for detecting various analytes in complex samples due to its high signal enhancement. Using density functional theory, the enhancement effect of SERRS for FOX‐7 adsorbed on M@Au12 and M@Ag12 (M  V−, Nb−, Cr, Mo, W, and Mn+) clusters is explored. It is found that the electronic excitations can strongly enhance the SERRS of FOX‐7 in the visible and infrared regions. The intensity of SERRS spectra of FOX‐7–M@Au12/Ag12 is strongly enhanced by up to 6 × 104 compared with the static Raman intensity of FOX‐7, and the enhancement factor of FOX‐7 on Ag clusters is better than that of FOX‐7 on Au clusters. In addition, the enhanced vibration modes of FOX‐7 molecule are governed, to a large extent, by the charge state of the metal clusters and the energy of the incident light. The anionic Ag and Au complexes excited near 900 nm provide the strongest enhancement by about 104. Our results provide valuable guidance for the improvement of the explosives detection with high accuracy and also serve as a useful guidance to explore the experimental synthesis of multicomponent SERRS substrates.
Cholesteatoma Localization Using Fused Diffusion‐Weighted Images and Thin‐Slice T2 Weighted Images
Authors: Benson John C. , Carlson Matthew L. , Yin Linda , Lane John I. 
Published: November 2020

BackgroundFusion of diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) to computed tomography (CT) has been touted as a possible technique to improve cholesteatomas localization. This study set out to assess the ability of DWI images fused with thin‐slice heavily T2‐weighted images to similarly localize surgically‐confirmed cholesteatomas.Materials and MethodsA retrospective review was completed of consecutive patients that underwent MR temporal bone imaging (9/2011–3/2020) with both DWI and thin‐slice T2‐weighted imaging. Included patients underwent surgical resection of primary or recidivistic cholesteatoma after preoperative MR imaging. A neuroradiologist, who was blinded to operative and clinical notes, localized each lesion on both DWI and fused DWI‐T2 images in 11 anatomic subdivisions of the temporal bone. Surgical confirmation of cholesteatoma location was used as the gold standard for comparison.ResultsOf 24 included examinations, the average age at time of MR was 48.2 ± 24.7 years; 12/24 (50.0%) were female. Five of 24 had primary cholesteatoma, while the remainder had recidivistic disease. Sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of unfused DWI images were 52.1%, 88.9%, and 75.8%, respectively. Sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of fused DWI‐T2 images were 57.1%, 94.8%, and 81.8%, respectively.ConclusionFused DWI‐T2 images outperformed unfused DWI images in the anatomic localization of temporal bone cholesteatomas. This method represents a potential alternative to MR‐CT fusion for pre‐operative cholesteatoma evaluation, and warrants future investigations. Opposed to MR‐CT fusion, this method only necessitates MR sequences and removes the need for additional CT acquisition.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 131:E1662–E1667, 2021
A longitudinal study of the Swedish MD Anderson Dysphagia Inventory in patients with oral cancer
Authors: Tuomi Lisa , Fransson Per , Wennerberg Johan , Finizia Caterina 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate whether the Swedish MD. Anderson Dysphagia Inventory (MDADI) is able to detect changes in dysphagia symptoms over time for patients with head and neck cancer (HNC).MethodsOne hundred and forty‐two patients with resectable tumors of the oral cavity were included prior to treatment. The patients filled out the MDADI, European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life questionnaire Core 30 (EORTC QLQ‐C30) and the HNC module (H&N35) at baseline and at least one follow‐up at 6 and/or 12 months after oncologic treatment. A control group without dysphagia (n = 115) was included.ResultsSelf‐perceived swallowing function decreased in all domains at 6 months, and improved between 6 and 12 months. The changes were similar to the changes of the EORTC domains, indicating a sensitivity to change. However, even if improvements were seen at 12 months, the values were still inferior compared to baseline values, and the values of a control group without dysphagia. Convergent validity was found with values of the MDADI and EORTC domains producing similar results, and moderate correlations as hypothesized. Patients with moderate‐severe dysphagia according to the MDADI (<60 points) demonstrated inferior values of the EORTC domains compared to patients with scores above 60 points.ConclusionThe Swedish MDADI was found to be sensitive to change, and showed convergent results when compared to other established instruments. The threshold value for the MDADI (<60 points) indicating moderate‐severe dysphagia may be a valuable addition in the clinical use.Level of Evidence1.
Theoretical analysis of blade coating process using simplifiedPhan‐Thien‐Tannerfluid model: An analytical study
Authors: Khaliq Sabeeh , Abbas Zaheer 
Published: November 2020

AbstractA mathematical model of blade coating is developed to study the rheological and viscoelastic effects of a Simplified Phan‐Thien‐Tanner fluid passing through the narrow gap between the blade and moving substrate. First, a dimensionless analysis is conducted on the governing system and simplified by utilizing the lubrication approximation theory. The perturbation method is adopted to solve the resulting non‐linear system. The impact of parametersWi(Weissenberg number),ε, andγ(normalized coating thickness) on the velocity and pressure profiles are elaborated through graphs, while coating thickness and load are shown in tabular form. The results exhibit that the viscoelastic effects have a significant influence on the pressure and load on the blade as they lead to the thickness and better coating quality and improves the life of the moving substrate.
Transnational divorce and remarriage between Pakistan and Britain: Intersectionality, harmful immigration rules and internal racism
Authors: Qureshi Kaveri 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis paper examines marital instabilities in the transnational social field connecting Pakistan and Britain, distinguishing between first marriages and remarriages. In British Pakistani families, national statistics show transnational marriage to be the dominant practice, although there is significant differentiation in its popularity. I show that in their remarriages, participants reevaluate the merits of transnational marriage, based on their experience of their unsuccessful first marriage. Despite considerable ambivalence towards cross‐border marriage, remarriage continues to be a channel for marriage migration because British nationality, citizenship and permanent settlement status can raise a participant's marital capital in a transnational social field, mitigating the devalued identity associated with divorce. Overall, the material raises concerns about internal racial discrimination and the harmful immigration policies that enable and support such processes. I show the necessity of adopting a combined intersectional and transnational approach to the study of transnational divorce.
Fast analysis of selected compounds in inhaled and exhaled vapor phase of cigarette smoke to evaluate components retained in the upper respiratory tract
Authors: Wang Jian , Peng Xiaomeng , Xie Yingsong , Hu Lizhong , Lei Zhen , Ge Shaolin 
Published: November 2020

RationaleThe aim of this work is to use a new design of online sampling photoionization mass spectrometer to analyze chemical ingredients in inhaled and exhaled cigarette smoke directly without separation.MethodsBased on vacuum ultraviolet photoionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (VUV‐PI‐TOFMS) and a sampling system, a newly developed rapid online sampling design approach was used for the upper respiratory tract retention study of gaseous mainstream cigarette smoke components during smoking. The cigarette smoke inhaled or exhaled by seven subjects who displayed three different smoking patterns was directly sampled into a vacuum chamber, photoionized, and analyzed using TOFMS.ResultsFourteen species, comprising aldehydes, ketones, phenol, methanethiol, nitrogen‐containing heterocyclic compounds and unsaturated hydrocarbons, were identified in the cigarette smoke obtained from Virginia‐type cigarettes. The upper respiratory tract results for these compounds were similar for smokers with the three different smoking patterns: aldehyde and ketone constituents had a high retention level of more than 60%; phenol, methanethiol, and nitrogen‐containing heterocyclic compounds were retained at between 30% and 70%; and the retention of unsaturated hydrocarbons was about 20%–60%. The retention trend of the same smoke components in Virginia‐type cigarettes by subjects from the three smoking patterns (A, B, and C) was consistent, and the retentions all increased with increased smoking age (A < B < C).ConclusionsThis is the first report of a new online sampling design approach to the study of cigarette smoke components in inhaled and exhaled breath, to evaluate components retained in the upper respiratory tract by subjects with different smoking patterns. This method has good repeatability, and the results indicated that this is a very promising tool for the study of the retention of cigarette smoke constituents.
DNA Walking and Rolling Nanomachine for Electrochemical Detection of miRNA
Authors: Miao Peng , Tang Yuguo 
Published: November 2020

AbstractmiRNAs, a class of endogenous noncoding RNAs, are involved in many crucial biological processes, which have emerged as a new set of biomarkers for disease theranostics. Exploring efficient signal amplification strategy is highly desired to pursue a highly sensitive miRNA biosensing platform. DNA nanotechnology shows great promise in the fabrication of amplified miRNA biosensors. In this work, a novel DNA walking and rolling nanomachine is developed for highly sensitive and selective detection of miRNA. Particularly, this approach programs two forms of dynamic DNA nanomachines powered by corresponding enzymes, which are well integrated. It is able to achieve a limit of detection as low as 39 × 10−18 m, along with excellent anti‐interfering performance and clinical applications. In addition, by designing pH‐controlled detachable intermolecular DNA triplex, the main sensing elements can be conveniently reset, which fulfills the requirements of point‐of‐care profiling of miRNA. The high consistency between the proposed approach and quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction validates the robustness and reliability. Therefore, it is anticipated that the DNA walking and rolling nanomachine has attractive application prospects in miRNA assay for biological researches and clinical diagnosis.
A Giant 3d‐4f Polyoxometalate Super‐Tetrahedron with High Proton Conductivity
Authors: Li Shu‐Rong , Wang Hai‐Ying , Su Hai‐Feng , Chen Hui‐Jun , Du Ming‐Hao , Long La‐Sheng , Kong Xiang‐Jian , Zheng Lan‐Sun 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe assembly of gigantic heterometallic metal clusters remains a great challenge for synthetic chemistry. Herein, based on the slow release strategy of lanthanide ions and in situ formation of lacunary polyoxometalates, two giant 3d‐4f polyoxometalate inorganic clusters [LaNi12W35Sb3P3O139(OH)6]23− (LaNi12) and [La10Ni48W140Sb16P12O568(OH)24(H2O)20]86− (La10Ni48) are obtained. The nanoscopic inorganic cluster La10Ni48 possesses a super tetrahedron structure, which can be viewed as assembly from four LaNi12 molecules encapsulating a central [La6(SbO3)4(H2O)20]6+ octahedron core. This giant aesthetic La10Ni48 tetrahedron containing 214 metal ions is the largest 3d‐4f cluster reported thus far in polyoxometalate system. More interestingly, the LaNi12 and La10Ni48 display high stability in solution and La10Ni48 displays excellent proton conductivity.
IoT‐fog‐cloud based architecture for smart systems: Prototypes of autism and COVID‐19 monitoring systems
Authors: Kallel Ameni , Rekik Molka , Khemakhem Mahdi 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMaking resources closer to the user might facilitate the integration of new technologies such as edge, fog, cloud computing, and big data. However, this brings many challenges shall be overridden when distributing a real‐time stream processing, executing multiapplication in a safe multitenant environment, and orchestrating and managing the services and resources into a hybrid fog/cloud federation. In this article, first, we propose a business process model and notation (BPMN) extension to enable the Internet of Things (IoT)‐aware business process (BP) modeling. The proposed extension takes into consideration the heterogeneous IoT and non‐IoT resources, resource capacities, quality of service constraints, and so forth. Second, we present a new IoT‐fog‐cloud based architecture, which (i) supports the distributed inter and intralayer communication as well as the real‐time stream processing in order to treat immediately IoT data and improve the entire system reliability, (ii) enables the multiapplication execution within a multitenancy architecture using the single sign‐on technique to guarantee the data integrity within a multitenancy environment, and (iii) relies on the orchestration and federation management services for deploying BP into the appropriate fog and/or cloud resources. Third, we model, by using the proposed BPMN 2.0 extension, smart autistic child and coronavirus disease 2019 monitoring systems. Then we propose the prototypes for these two smart systems in order to carry out a set of extensive experiments illustrating the efficiency and effectiveness of our work.
The C‐terminal fragment of the heavy chain of the tetanus toxin (Hc‐TeTx) improves motor activity and neuronal morphology in the limbic system of aged mice
Authors: Vazquez‐Roque Ruben , Pacheco‐Flores Mariana , Penagos‐Corzo Julio Cesar , Flores Gonzalo , Aguilera José , Treviño Samuel , Guevara Jorge , Diaz Alfonso , Venegas Berenice 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn the aging process, the brain presents biochemical and morphological alterations. The neurons of the limbic system show reduced size dendrites, in addition to the loss of dendritic spines. These disturbances trigger a decrease in motor and cognitive function. Likewise, it is reported that during aging, in the brain, there is a significant decrease in neurotrophic factors, which are essential in promoting the survival and plasticity of neurons. The carboxyl‐terminal fragment of the heavy chain of the tetanus toxin (Hc‐TeTx) acts similarly to neurotrophic factors, inducing neuroprotection in different models of neuronal damage. The aim here, was to evaluate the effect of Hc‐TeTx on the motor processes of elderly mice (18 months old), and its impact on the dendritic morphology and density of dendritic spines of neurons in the limbic system. The morphological analysis in the dendrites was evaluated employing Golgi‐Cox staining. Hc‐TeTx was administered (0.5 mg/kg) intraperitoneally for three days in 18‐month‐old mice. Locomotor activity was evaluated in a novel environment 30 days after the last administration of Hc‐TeTx. Mice treated with Hc‐TeTx showed significant changes in their motor behavior, and an increased dendritic spine density of pyramidal neurons in layers 3 and 5 of the prefrontal cortex in the hippocampus, and medium spiny neurons of the nucleus accumbens (NAcc). In conclusion, the Hc‐TeTx improves the plasticity of the brain regions of the limbic system of aged mice. Therefore, it is proposed as a pharmacological alternative to prevent or delay brain damage during aging.
An integrated topology optimization framework for three‐dimensional domains using shell elements
Authors: Angelucci Giulia , Spence Seymour M.J. , Mollaioli Fabrizio 
Published: November 2020

SummaryIn the last decades, topology optimization has been widely investigated as a preliminary design tool to minimize the use of material in a structure. Despite this, applications to realistic three‐dimensional engineering problems are still limited. This study provides the instruments for the definition of a versatile and integrated framework in order to apply topology optimization to large‐scale 3‐D domains for the design of efficient and high‐performing structures. The paper proposes a novel topology optimization strategy to identify the optimal layout of lateral resisting systems for tall buildings through the adoption of Mindlin–Reissner shell elements for the discretization of the continuum design domain. The framework is based on the practical interoperability between MATLAB, Ansys, and computer‐aided design (CAD) environments to incorporate optimization routines in the conceptual design phase of structural systems. Finally, the paper examines a three‐dimensional tall building case study in order to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed procedure to realistic Civil Engineering design problems and its robustness in finding optimal layouts free from mesh‐dependency instabilities.
Comparison of the formulas from the current form of traditional Japanese pediatrics and those described in Yoyokasoku (in‐house methods of pediatrics): A representative pediatric classic
Authors: Kawashima Nozomu 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACTAimThere may exist a gap between the current form of traditional Japanese Kampo pediatrics and Kampo pediatrics in the nineteenth century. This study aimed to elucidate changes in clinical practice by comparing the formulas used then and now.MethodsAll formulas described in Yoyokasoku (In‐house Methods of Pediatrics [IMP], a Kampo classic published in 1885) and formulas used in a contemporary pediatric Kampo guideline were extracted. Then, a database with annotations to formulas was compiled.ResultsIn all, 387 formulas (274 excluding duplications) and 10 methods of moxibustion/surgical treatments were extracted from IMP. The total number of classical formulas described was 72. The proportion of classical formulas was significantly different among disease clusters (P < 0.0001). Overall, the contemporary Kampo guideline used classical formulas in any type of disease, and the proportion of this usage was significantly higher than that in IMP (59% vs. 19%, P < 0.0001). IMP described 95 Japanese original formulas (25%) including 45 in‐house formulas. However, none of them have been implemented in the contemporary guideline.ConclusionCurrent Kampo pediatrics may have developed less under the influence of a pediatric classic in the nineteenth century; however, a thorough investigation of pediatric books is needed to understand the history of Kampo pediatrics.