bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parental experience of hope in pediatric palliative care: Critical reflections on an exemplar of parents of a child with trisomy 18
Authors: Szabat Marta 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to analyze the experience of hope that appears in a parent's blog presenting everyday life while caring for a child with Trisomy 18 (Edwards syndrome). The author, Rebekah Peterson, began her blog on 17 March 2011 and continues to post information on her son Aaron's care. The analysis of hope in the blog is carried out using a mixed methodology: initial and focused coding using Charmaz's constructed grounded theory and elements of Colaizzi's method. Each aspect of hope is coded through the blog author's statements, from which three main aspects of hope emerge: hope for the longest possible presence of Aaron with his family, hope for control over situations, pain, and symptoms, and existential facets of hope. These various aspects reveal to what extent the experience of hope is unique. Additionally, analyzing the experience of parental hope uncovers the additional problem of inappropriate communication by health care professionals (HCPs) in intensive care units, particularly when discussing the termination of causal treatment. The problem may be solved through proper education for HCPs and serious consideration of parental involvement in order to properly elaborate guidelines on this issue. The three main aspects of parental hope discussed in this paper might expand knowledge on the issue, helping HCPs to better understand the parents' experience of care and to help sustain parental hope in pediatric palliative care.
Personal and organizational factors related to initiative behavior among psychiatric nurses
Authors: Hendel Tova , Chor Razya , Kigli‐Shemesh Ronit , Kagan Ilya 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPurposeTo identify the degree of personal initiative (PI) among psychiatric nurses and to examine the influence of personal and organizational characteristics on their PI.Design and MethodsNinety‐seven nurses completed a questionnaire on PI, work climate, self‐efficacy toward initiatives and innovations, nursing work environment, and actual initiative at work.FindingsDifferences in actual initiative at work according to the level of education, and negative association between PI and age were found. Self‐efficacy and work climate explained 56% of PI; self‐efficacy, work climate, and age explained 30% of initiative behavior.Practice ImplicationsInvesting in young nurses, fostering higher education, and creating supportive work environment can help in conversion of innovative vision into actual initiatives.
Reduced P300 in depression: Evidence from a flanker task and impact on ERN, CRN, and Pe
Authors: Klawohn Julia , Santopetro Nicholas J. , Meyer Alexandria , Hajcak Greg 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIndividuals with current depression show reduced amplitude of the P300 component of the stimulus‐locked event‐related potential (ERP)—an effect most often examined in oddball tasks. Although imperative stimuli in response‐monitoring paradigms (e.g., the flanker task), also elicit a P300, it is unclear whether a blunted P300 can be observed in depression in these tasks. Moreover, the P300 overlaps with the correct‐response negativity (CRN) and error‐related negativity (ERN), and is similar to the error positivity (Pe)—response‐locked ERPs frequently examined in flanker tasks. The current study examined the stimulus‐locked P300 and response‐monitoring ERPs on error (i.e., ERN, Pe) and correct responses (i.e., CRN) during an arrowhead flanker task in 72 individuals with a current depressive disorder and 42 never depressed healthy individuals. Consistent with findings from oddball tasks, P300 amplitude was reduced among participants with depression. Further, results indicated increased ERN and CRN, and decreased Pe, in depression. However, when the blunted P300 was included in analyses, group differences in response‐monitoring ERPs were no longer evident. Accordingly, P300 amplitudes were correlated negatively with the ERN/CRN and positively with Pe in both groups. A blunted P300 in depression can be observed in speeded response tasks, and can produce apparent increases in ERN and CRN due to ERP component overlap. Further, reduced Pe in participants with depression may reflect a reduced P300 to error commission. These data highlight the central role of reduced P300 in clinical depression, and demonstrate that this effect can be observed across both stimulus‐ and response‐locked ERPs in speeded response tasks.
Effect of diphenhydramine and cetirizine on immediate and late‐phase cutaneous allergic reactions in healthy dogs: a randomized, double‐blinded crossover study
Authors: Banovic Frane , Denley Tara , Blubaugh Amanda , Scheibe Ileia , Lemo Niksa , Papich Mark G. 
Published: January 2020

BackgroundCurrently, there is insufficient evidence to confirm oral diphenhydramine (DPH) efficacy to prevent mast cell degranulation and histamine release in dogs.Hypothesis/ObjectiveTo determine and compare the effects oral of DPH and cetirizine on the immediate‐ and late‐phase cutaneous allergic reactions in healthy dogs.AnimalsTwelve healthy laboratory beagle dogs.Methods and materialsThe study was designed as a randomized, double‐blinded crossover study in which each dog served as its own control; twice‐daily oral DPH (2.2 mg/kg) or cetirizine (2 mg/kg) were given for six days with a two week washout period. Intradermal injections of histamine, compound 48/80 (positive control) and saline (negative control) were performed on the right thorax 10 days before drug administration (baseline), during oral antihistamine administration on Day 6 and 10 days after last medication dosage. Global wheal scores (GWS) at 20 min and late‐phase reactions (LPR) at 6 h post‐injection were evaluated by an investigator blinded to the drug and the interventions.ResultsTreatment with cetirizine significantly reduced histamine and compound 48/80 GWS and LPR compared to baseline; there was no significant difference for DPH. In all dogs, oral DPH and cetirizine reached plasma concentrations considered therapeutic in people. No adverse effect or behavioural changes were observed during the study.Conclusion and clinical significanceIn conclusion, oral cetirizine was effective in preventing cutaneous allergic reactions without any obvious adverse effects in dogs. Oral DPH failed to show an inhibitory effect despite attaining plasma drug concentrations that are considered effective in people.
PREPARATION OF A FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY SPECIFIC FOR THE YEAST PHASE OFHISTOPLASMA CAPSULATUM
Authors: Kaufman Leo , Kaplan William 
Published: January 2020

Kaufman, Leo(Communicable Disease Center, Atlanta, Ga.)and William Kaplan. Preparation of a fluorescent antibody specific for the yeast phase ofHistoplasma capsulatum. J. Bacteriol.82:729–735. 1961.—Rabbit anti-Histoplasma capsulatumglobulin was conjugated with fluorescein isothiocyanate. This labeled antibody, in addition to staining six strains ofH. capsulatum, exhibited strong cross-staining with ten strains ofBlastomyces dermatitidisand numerous other species of fungi. Adsorption of the labeled antiglobulin either twice with cells ofB. dermatitidisor twice with cells ofCoccidioides immitisand once with cells ofB. dermatitidisresulted in a good staining fluorescent antibody reagent, specific for yeast phase cells ofH. capsulatum.Attempts to define the specific labeled antibody by the Ouchterlony procedure were unsuccessful. The specific conjugate did not give a complement fixation titer with yeast phase cells ofB. dermatitidisor with coccidioidin. It did, however, show a 1:16 complement fixation titer with homologous yeast phase cells and a weaker reaction with histoplasmin.
ELECTRON MICROSCOPE STUDY OF
MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAE
AND ITS ENVIRONMENT IN A VESICULAR LEPROUS LESION
Authors: Imaeda Tamotsu , Convit Jacinto 
Published: January 2020

Imaeda, Tamotsu
(Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Cientificas, Caracas, Venezuela)
and Jacinto Convit
. Electron microscope study of
Mycobacterium leprae
and its environment in a vesicular leprous lesion. J. Bacteriol.
83:
43–52. 1962.—Biopsied specimens of a borderline leprosy lesion were observed with the electron microscope. In this lesion, the majority of
Mycobacterium leprae
were laden with cytoplasmic components. The bacilli were separated from the cytoplasm of host cells by an enclosing membrane, thus differing from the environment of well-developed lepra cells in lepromatous lesions.

The cell wall is composed of a moderately dense layer. A diffuse layer is discernible outside the cell wall, separated from it by a low density space. It is suggested that the cell wall is further coated by a low density layer, although the nature of the outermost diffuse layer has not yet been determined.
The plasma membrane consists of a double layer, i.e., dense inner and outer layers separated by a low density space. The outer layer is closely adjacent to the cell wall. In the region where the outer layer of the plasma membrane enters the cytoplasm and is transformed into a complex membranous structure, the inner layer encloses this membranous configuration. Together they form the intracytoplasmic membrane system.
In the bacterial cytoplasm, moderately dense, presumably polyphosphate bodies are apparent. As neither these bodies nor the intracytoplasmic membrane system are visible in the degenerating bacilli, it seems probable that these two components represent indicators of the state of bacillary activity.
Investigating New Mechanisms of Acquired Resistance to Targeted Therapies: If You Hit Them Harder, Do They Get Up Differently?
Authors: Floros Konstantinos V. , Hata Aaron N. , Faber Anthony C. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Targeted therapies have revolutionized treatment of several different types of cancers. However, in almost an invariable fashion, cancers eventually regrow in the presence of the targeted therapy, a phenomenon referred to as acquired resistance. In this issue of Cancer Research, Finn and colleagues demonstrate that modeling acquired resistance to MET tyrosine kinase inhibition in a MET-amplified gastric cancer cell line by a single, high exposure of the targeted therapy reveals clinically relevant acquired resistant mechanisms, which may be more faithful and comprehensive than the ones revealed through traditional ramp-up approaches.
See related article by Finn et al., p. 79
Increased Drp1 Acetylation by Lipid Overload Induces Cardiomyocyte Death and Heart Dysfunction
Authors: Hu Qingxun , Zhang Huiliang , Gutiérrez Cortés Nicolás , Wu Dan , Wang Pei , Zhang Jing , Mattison Julie A. , Smith Eric , Bettcher Lisa F. , Wang Mingyi , Lakatta Edward G. , Sheu Shey-Shing , Wang Wang 
Published: January 2020

Rationale:
Lipid overload-induced heart dysfunction is characterized by cardiomyocyte death, myocardial remodeling, and compromised contractility, but the impact of excessive lipid supply on cardiac function remains poorly understood.

Objective:
To investigate the regulation and function of the mitochondrial fission protein Drp1 (dynamin-related protein 1) in lipid overload-induced cardiomyocyte death and heart dysfunction.

Methods and Results:
Mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) developed signs of obesity and type II diabetes mellitus, including hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and hypertension. HFD for 18 weeks also induced heart hypertrophy, fibrosis, myocardial insulin resistance, and cardiomyocyte death. HFD stimulated mitochondrial fission in mouse hearts. Furthermore, HFD increased the protein level, phosphorylation (at the activating serine 616 sites), oligomerization, mitochondrial translocation, and GTPase activity of Drp1 in mouse hearts, indicating that Drp1 was activated. Monkeys fed a diet high in fat and cholesterol for 2.5 years also exhibited myocardial damage and Drp1 activation in the heart. Interestingly, HFD decreased nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (oxidized) levels and increased Drp1 acetylation in the heart. In adult cardiomyocytes, palmitate increased Drp1 acetylation, phosphorylation, and protein levels, and these increases were abolished by restoration of the decreased nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (oxidized) level. Proteomics analysis and in vitro screening revealed that Drp1 acetylation at lysine 642 (K642) was increased by HFD in mouse hearts and by palmitate incubation in cardiomyocytes. The nonacetylated Drp1 mutation (K642R) attenuated palmitate-induced Drp1 activation, its interaction with voltage-dependent anion channel 1, mitochondrial fission, contractile dysfunction, and cardiomyocyte death.

Conclusions:
These findings uncover a novel mechanism that contributes to lipid overload-induced heart hypertrophy and dysfunction. Excessive lipid supply created an intracellular environment that facilitated Drp1 acetylation, which, in turn, increased its activity and mitochondrial translocation, resulting in cardiomyocyte dysfunction and death. Thus, Drp1 may be a critical mediator of lipid overload-induced heart dysfunction as well as a potential target for therapy.
“I’m just an Imam, not Superman”: Imams in Switzerland
Authors: Schmid Hansjörg 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Current debates on Islam in Europe often focus on imams as religious leaders and key figures in integration politics. Muslim associations undergoing processes of transformation and generational change have equally high expectations of imams. This article uses stakeholder theory to analyse the current situation of imams and draws on empirical material from Switzerland to illustrate both multi-faceted stakeholder claims and imams’ self-reflections on role conflicts they experience. It indicates that imams and Muslim associations tend to develop different coping strategies leading either to an enlarged profile for imams or to a differentiation of functions and professions in the social and religious fields.
Interventions Addressing Vision, Visual-perceptual Impairments Following Acquired Brain Injury: A Cross-sectional Survey
Authors: Yoo Paul Y. , Scott Katryne , Myszak Filip , Mamann Stephanie , Labelle Amelie , Holmes Melanie , Guindon Andreanne , Bussieres Andre E. 
Published: January 2020

Background. The existing literature on the effectiveness of interventions targeting vision, visual-perceptual impairments following acquired brain injury (ABI) is scarce and unlinked to occupational performance. Purpose. To explore current occupational therapy practice in vision-rehabilitation among adults with ABI in Canada, and to determine the evidence-practice gaps. Methods. An online survey was made available through the Canadian Association of Occupational Therapists (CAOT) website, and disseminated to seven public healthcare institutions in Quebec. The survey collected respondent demographic information, and the types and frequency of treatments delivered. Descriptive statistics were conducted to determine interventions’ frequency. Participant comments were collected and grouped into recurring themes. Findings. Over half (55%) of respondents regularly use evidence-based interventions when addressing visual acuity (VA) and visual field (VF) deficits, but only very few (3%) use it when dealing with oculomotor function and visual stress impairments. Implications. Results gave a glimpse of interventions used and suggested the need for further research in vision rehabilitation.
Dancing: More than a therapy for patients with venous insufficiency
Authors: Dogru-Huzmeli Esra , Fansa Iyad , Cetisli-Korkmaz Nilufer , Oznur-Karabicak Gul , Lale Cem , Gokcek Ozden , Cam Yagmur 
Published: January 2020

Objective This study aims to figure out the effects of dance therapy on patients with chronic venous insufficiency disease. Methods Forty subjects with chronic venous insufficiency were recruited to either the control group or the dance therapy group. As the severity of chronic venous insufficiency was defined with the Venous Clinical Severity Scores (VCSS), patients in control group received only medical treatment. Twenty patients with chronic venous insufficiency in dance therapy group received three times a week, for five weeks, totally 15 sessions of dance therapy in addition to medical treatment. Results There was no significant difference in pre- and post-treatment results of Rivermead Index, VCSS parameters constipation complaint, assistive breath muscle activity, lower limb circumference, strength and range of motion between groups ( p > 0.05). The remarkable result of this study was obtaining that the post-treatment quality of life scale’s bodily pain score was significantly higher in the dance therapy group than the control group ( p < 0.05). Conclusions It was concluded that dance therapy has positive effects on quality of life. There were no barriers to chronic venous insufficiency patients in this form of gentle exercise, showing that it is to meliorate the cardiovascular, physical and psychological benefits of an activity that is enhancing of the self-esteem in addition to the quality of life. Treatment of chronic venous insufficiency should consist of methods that support the patient mentally, physically and psychologically, in addition to the medical treatment. Dance therapy might be a potential exercise intervention for improvements in chronic venous insufficiency patients, so clinicians focusing on them could recommend this form of gentle exercise in addition to the medical treatment.
Refined National Institutes of Health response algorithm for chronic graft-versus-host disease in joints and fascia
Authors: Inamoto Yoshihiro , Lee Stephanie J. , Onstad Lynn E. , Flowers Mary E. D. , Hamilton Betty K. , Jagasia Madan H. , Martin Paul J. , Pavletic Steven Z. , Pidala Joseph A. , Pusic Iskra , Vogelsang Georgia B. , Wolff Daniel , Carpenter Paul A. 
Published: January 2020

Key Points
The NIH joint/fascia score and total P-ROM score should be used for assessing therapeutic response in joint/fascia chronic GVHD. A change from 0 to 1 on the NIH joint/fascia score should not be considered as worsening.
Transcriptomic analysis reveals recovery strategies in strawberry roots after using a soil amendment in continuous cropping soil
Authors: Chen Peng , Wang Yu-zhu , Liu Qi-zhi , Li Wei-hua , Li He-qin , Li Xing-yue , Zhang Yun-tao 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
In strawberry cultivation, continuous cropping (CC) obstacles seriously threaten production. A patented soil amendment (SA) can effectively relieve the CC obstacles to strawberry cultivation, but knowledge of the recovery mechanisms underlying this phenomenon is limited.

Results
In this study, transcriptomic profiling of strawberry roots in soil with and without the SA was conducted using RNA-Seq technology to reveal gene expression changes in response to SA treatment. In total, 188 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including 144 upregulated and 44 downregulated DEGs, were identified. SA treatment resulted in genotype-dependent responses, and the response pattern, including an overall increase in the expression of nutrient transport genes and a decrease in the expression of defense response genes, may be a possible mechanism underlying recovery strategies in strawberry roots after the application of the SA to CC soil. We also found that 9 Hsp genes involved in plant defense pathways were all downregulated in the SA-treated roots.

Conclusions
This research indicated that strawberry plants reallocated defense resources to development when SA treatment alleviated the stress caused by a CC soil environment. The present study provides an opportunity to reveal the fundamental mechanisms of the tradeoff between growth and defense in strawberry.
Starch sources influence lipidaemia of diabetic dogs
Authors: Teixeira Fabio Alves , Machado Daniela Pedrosa , Jeremias Juliana Toloi , Queiroz Mariana Ramos , Pontieri Cristiana Ferreira Fonseca , Brunetto Marcio Antonio 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundHyperlipidaemia is considered a cause of other diseases that are clinically important and potentially life threatening. Combination of pea and barley as exclusive starch sources is known to interfere with glycemic control in diabetic dogs, but their effect on lipid profile of hiperlipidaemic dogs is yet to be evaluated. Twelve adult diabetic dogs were fed three dry extruded diets with different starch sources and different fat levels: peas and barley (PB), maize (Mi), and peas, barley and rice (Ba) with 15.7, 15.6 and 9.0% of their dry matter as fat, respectively. Plasmatic cholesterol and triglycerides concentration curves over 10 h were obtained after 60 days on each diet and with the same NPH insulin dose. ANOVA test or Friedman test were used to compare the dietary effects on triglycerides and cholesterol variables among the diets.ResultsDogs presented lower mean (p = 0.05), fasting (p = 0.03), and time 8-h postprandial (p = 0.05) triglyceridemia after PB diet period than Ba diet period and time 4-h postprandial (p = 0.02) lower after PB than Mi diet. Cholesterolemia mean, minimum, maximum, area under the cholesterol curve and times points: 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10-h postprandial, had lower values after PB ingestion in comparison to Mi, without difference to Ba diet.ConclusionInclusion of pea and barley, as exclusive starch sources, in therapeutic diets for diabetic dogs can minimize plasmatic triglycerides and cholesterol concentration at fasting and at different postprandial time, compared to the maize diet or diet with lesser fat content.
The impact of palliative care on quality of life, anxiety, and depression in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a randomized controlled pilot study
Authors: Janssen Katherine , Rosielle Drew , Wang Qi , Kim Hyun Joo 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a fatal disease that results in poor quality of life due to progressive respiratory symptoms, anxiety, and depression. Palliative care improves quality of life and survival in other progressive diseases. No randomized controlled trials have investigated the impact of palliative care on quality of life, anxiety, or depression in IPF.

Methods
We conducted a randomized, controlled, pilot study to assess the feasibility of measuring the effect of a palliative care clinic referral on quality of life, anxiety, and depression in IPF. Patients were randomized to usual care (UC) or usual care + palliative care (UC + PC) with routine pulmonary follow up at 3 and 6 months. The UC + PC group received a minimum of one PC clinic visit. Primary outcome was change from baseline in quality of life, anxiety, and depression as measured by the St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Index (HADS), and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) at 6 months.

Results
Twenty-two patients were randomized between September 2017 through July 2018; 11 to UC and 11 to UC + PC. There was no difference in the change in SGRQ score at 3 months or 6 months, however, the symptom score trended towards a significant worsening for UC + PC at both 3 and 6 months (mean change at 3 months for UC and UC + PC was − 7.8 and + 10.7, respectively, p = 0.066; mean change at 6 months for UC and UC + PC was − 6.0 and + 4.6, respectively, p = 0.055). There was no difference in the change in HADS anxiety or depression scores. There was a significant transient worsening in PHQ-9 scores for UC + PC at 3 months (UC: -1.6, UC + PC: + 0.9, p = 0.008); this effect did not persist at 6 months.

Conclusion
This pilot study demonstrated that a randomized controlled trial of palliative care in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients is feasible. Receiving palliative care did not lead to improved quality of life, anxiety, or depression compared to usual care after 6 months. Patients in the UC + PC group trended towards worsening symptoms and a small but statistically significant transient worsening in depression. These findings should be interpreted with caution, and need to be evaluated in adequately powered clinical trials. NCT03981406, June 10, 2019, retrospectively registered.