bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intervención del profesional del trabajo social con personas jóvenes y adultas con alguna discapacidad
Authors: Limón Aguirre Cecilia Guadalupe , Duarte Cruz Jose María 
Published: December 2020

Esta investigación analiza los tipos de intervención del profesional de trabajo social con jóvenes y adultos que presentan alguna discapacidad. Se desarrolló en una asociación civil en Chiapas, México, mediante un abordaje cualitativo. Los hallazgos señalan que el modelo de la diversidad, centrado en el respeto, valoración de los derechos humanos, puede encaminarlos a procesos de resiliencia de largo plazo. La intervención debe tener presente el contexto histórico, social, familiar, económico, cultural y los aspectos biológicos del ser humano; además, concebir a estas personas como individuos con derechos, sentimientos, motivaciones y capacidades. Todo en su conjunto coadyuvará en la mejora de sus condiciones de vida y su integración en la sociedad.
This research was oriented to analyze and publicize the different types of intervention that can implement by the social work professional with young people and adults who have a disability. It was developed study in a civil association in the city of San Cristobal de Las Casas (SCLC), Chiapas, through a qualitative case. The findings indicate that the systemic approach focused on respecting and valuing human rights towards people with disabilities can lead them to long-term social resilience processes; Family support is an important element, therefore, in social work, specific actions that involve them should be promoted and thus increase the chances of integrating into society in a dignified manner.
Design af læremidler til engelskundervisningen på mellemtrinet
Authors: Jacobsen Susanne Karen , Jensen Benthe Fogh 
Published: December 2020

I denne artikel vil vi præsentere og diskutere hvordan en rekonceptualisering af indhold og metoder i engelskundervisningen på mellemtrinet kan kvalificere design af læremidler til fremmedsprogsundervisningen.
Artiklen falder i to dele. Først præsenteres vores vidensgrundlag, hvor vi med teoretiske perspektiver tager udgangspunkt i sprogtilegnelsesteorier funderet i et sociokulturelt læringssyn og systemisk funktionel lingvistik (M. A. K. & Halliday & Matthiessen, 2014) med integrationen af register som et underliggende system for progression i relation til elevernes mulighed for at udvikle deres (fag)sprog (Cummins, 2016) i et kognitivt udfordrende klasserum.
Herefter følger to empiriske perspektiver i form af et kritisk deltagerbaseret aktionsforskningsprojekt gennemført I 2018-2019 (Fogh Jensen 2019) samt lingvistiske og sociologiske analyser af elevsprog og opgaveformuleringer til folkeskolens afgangsprøve i engelsk (Jacobsen & Melgaard, 2019).
I anden del operationaliserer vi de teoretiske og empiriske perspektiver igennem et konkret didaktisk design til engelskundervisningen på mellemtrinet.
Time of night and moonlight structure vertical space use by insectivorous bats in a Neotropical rainforest: an acoustic monitoring study
Authors: Gomes Dylan G.E. , Appel Giulliana , Barber Jesse R. 
Published: December 2020

BackgroundPrevious research has shown diverse vertical space use by various taxa, highlighting the importance of forest vertical structure. Yet, we know little about vertical space use of tropical forests, and we often fail to explore how this three-dimensional space use changes over time.MethodsHere we use canopy tower systems in French Guiana and passive acoustic monitoring to measure Neotropical bat activity above and below the forest canopy throughout nine nights. We use a Bayesian generalized linear mixed effect model and kernel density estimates to demonstrate patterns in space-use over time.ResultsWe found that different bats use both canopy and understory space differently and that these patterns change throughout the night. Overall, bats were more active above the canopy (includingCormura brevirostris, Molossus molossus, Peropteryx kappleriandPeropteryx macrotis), but multiple species or acoustic complexes (when species identification was impossible) were more active in the understory (such asCentronycteris maximiliani, Myotis riparius, Pteronotus alitonusandPteronotus rubiginosus). We also found that most bats showed temporally-changing preferences in hourly activity. Some species were less active (e.g.,P. kappleriandP. macrotis), whereas others were more active (Pteronotus gymnonotus, C. brevirostris, andM. molossus) on nights with higher moon illuminance.DiscussionHere we show that Neotropical bats use habitat above the forest canopy and within the forest understory differently throughout the night. While bats generally were more active above the forest canopy, we show that individual groups of bats use space differently over the course of a night, and some prefer the understory. This work highlights the need to consider diel cycles in studies of space use, as animals use different habitats during different periods of the day.
Effect of Vermicomposting and Composting of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) on Growth, Yield and Quality of Chickpea
Authors: Chetankumar C. , Vaidya P. H. , Zade S. P. 
Published: December 2020

The present investigation was undertaken with an objective to understand the effect of municipal solid waste (MSW) vermicompost and compost on growth, yield and quality of chickpea. The experiment was laid in randomized block design with three replications and seven treatments viz, T1 - RDF, T2 - RDF + vermicompost of MSW @ 2.5 t ha-1, T3 - RDF + vermicompost of MSW @ 5 t ha-1, T4 - RDF + vermicompost of MSW @ 7.5 t ha-1, T5 - RDF + compost of MSW @ 2.5 t ha-1, T6 -compost of MSW @ 5 t ha-1, T7 -compost of MSW @ 7.5 t ha-1. The field experiment was conducted at College of Agriculture, Latur farm during the Rabi season 2016-2017. The recommended dose of fertilizer (25:50:00 N: P: K) and MSW vermicompost and compost was applied at the time of sowing. The results of field experiment revealed that the maximum availability of macro and micronutrients in soil, growth attributes viz. plant height and number of branches in all growth stages of chickpea were found at application of 7.5 tones of MSW vermicompost ha-1 along with 100% RDF (25:50:00 NPK) followed by application of 7.5 tones MSW compost ha-1 along with 100% RDF and which was significantly increased with increased levels of MSW vermicompost and compost. Similar trend was observed in case of yield and quality parameters viz., protein content of chickpea.
Molecular Characterization and in-vitro Regeneration of Wild Ganoderma lucidum from Abuja, Nigeria
Authors: Haroun A. A. , Osuji C. E. , Alhaji A. I. , Ajibade A. , Onuh K. , Udo G. A. Etuk- , Etim V. A. , Onyenekwe P. C. , Abdulsalam M. S. 
Published: December 2020

Aim: To demonstrate the importance of molecular identification of G. lucidum basidiomata, used as nutraceutics, in Abuja - Nigeria.
Study Design: Molecular characterization via comparative genomics and vitro regeneration of selected specimens of local G. lucidum from Abuja, Nigeria.
Place and Duration: Department of Biological Sciences, Nigerian Defence Academy, Kaduna Nigeria and Biotechnology Advanced Research Center, Sheda Science and Technology Complex, Abuja between February 2018 to June 2019.
Methodology: Genomic DNAs of twelve (12) selected specimens were isolate in good quantities and qualities that were amenable to sharp and distinct PCR amplifications and Sanger’s sequence analyses. The molecular identification was performed using the internal transcribed spacers (ITS) sequences amplified from the samples to run similarity search with reference database sequences in the gene bank. In-vitro regeneration of the samples using tissue culture techniques in the laboratory was carried out following optimization of the surface sterilization, regeneration of pure mycelia and pure spawn formation.
Results: Nucleotide sequence data mining of the national centre for biotechnology information (NCBI) with the query sequences using basic local alignment search tool (BLAST) showed that 25% of the samples are not G. lucidum. This implies a significant difference between the morphological and molecular identification at (n-1) degree of freedom with (p= .01).
Conclusion: The molecular identification and in-vitro regeneration of local G. lucidum is indeed a necessity for proper and effective utilization of the mushroom because there is a significant potential margin of error in the use of morphological characteristics for G. lucidum identification as observed through this molecular analysis.
A modeling exercise to show why population models should incorporate distinct life histories of dispersers
Authors: Deere Jacques A. , van den Berg Ilona , Roth Gregory , Smallegange Isabel M. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractDispersal is an important form of movement influencing population dynamics, species distribution and gene flow between populations. In population models, dispersal is often included in a simplified manner by removing a random proportion of the population. Many ecologists now argue that models should be formulated at the level of individuals instead of the population level. To fully understand the effects of dispersal on natural systems, it is therefore necessary to incorporate individual‐level differences in dispersal behavior in population models. Here, we parameterized an integral projection model, which allows for studying how individual life histories determine population‐level processes, using bulb mites,Rhizoglyphus robini, to assess to what extent dispersal expression (frequency of individuals in the dispersal stage) and dispersal probability affect the proportion of successful dispersers and natal population growth rate. We find that allowing for life‐history differences between resident phenotypes and disperser phenotypes shows that multiple combinations of dispersal probability and dispersal expression can produce the same proportion of leaving individuals. Additionally, a given proportion of successful dispersing individuals result in different natal population growth rates. The results highlight that dispersal life histories, and the frequency with which disperser phenotypes occur in the natal population, significantly affect population‐level processes. Thus, biological realism of dispersal population models can be increased by incorporating the typically observed life‐history differences between resident phenotypes and disperser phenotypes, and we here present a methodology to do so.
Tetraspanin 1 promotes endometriosis leading to ovarian clear cell carcinoma
Authors: Shin Ha‐Yeon , Yang Wookyeom , Chay Doo Byung , Lee Eun‐ju , Chung Joon‐Yong , Kim Hyun‐Soo , Kim Jae‐Hoon 
Published: December 2020

Ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) reportedly develops from endometriosis. However, the molecular mechanism underlying its malignant progression to OCCC remains elusive. This study aimed to identify an essential gene in the malignant transformation of endometriosis to OCCC. We performed RNA sequencing in formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded (FFPE) tissues of endometriosis (n = 9), atypical endometriosis (AtyEm) (n = 18), adjacent endometriosis to OCCC (AdjEm) (n = 7), and OCCC (n = 17). We found that tetraspanin 1 (TSPAN1) mRNA level was significantly increased by 2.4‐ (DESeq2) and 3.4‐fold (edgeR) in AtyEm and by 80.7‐ (DESeq2) and 101‐fold (edgeR) in OCCC relative to endometriosis. We confirmed that TSPAN1 protein level was similarly overexpressed in OCCC tissues and cell lines. In immortalized endometriosis cell lines, TSPAN1 overexpression enhanced cell growth and invasion. Mechanistically, TSPAN1 triggered AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity, promoting endometriosis and cell growth. Upregulated levels of TSPAN1 are considered an early event in the development of high‐risk endometriosis that could progress to ovarian cancer. Our study suggests the potential of TSPAN1 as a screening candidate for high‐risk endometriosis.
microRNA‐637 promotes apoptosis and suppresses proliferation and autophagy in multiple myeloma cell lines via NUPR1
Authors: Chen Xuanxin , Li Anmao , Zhan Qian , Jing Zizi , Chen Yiyu , Chen Jianbin 
Published: December 2020

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a heterogeneous disease with poor prognosis. Increasing evidence has revealed that microRNAs (miRNAs) are strongly associated with the pathogenesis and progression of MM. Here, we investigated the role of microRNA‐637 (miR‐637) in MM to identify potential therapeutic targets. We measured the expression of miR‐637 in bone marrow samples of MM patients and MM cell lines by quantitative real‐time PCR and western blot. The effect of miR‐637 on proliferation and apoptosis of MM primary cells was also investigated. Analyses of four bioinformatics databases showed that miR‐637 is associated with nuclear protein 1 (NUPR1) in MM cells, which was confirmed by luciferase reporter assay. We found that the overexpression of miR‐637 suppressed the development of MM. miR‐637 mimics increased the levels of Bax, cleaved caspase 3, and P62, and decreased the levels of Bcl2 and LC3. Additionally, luciferase reporter assays were performed to demonstrate that NUPR1 is the main target of miR‐637 in MM cells. Overexpression of NUPR1 reversed the effects of miR‐637 mimics in MM cells. Our results suggest that miR‐637 inhibits cell proliferation and autophagy, and promotes apoptosis in MM cells by targeting NUPR1. Our findings also suggest that miR‐637 may have potential as a novel molecular therapeutic target for MM treatment.
Precious Metal Separations
Authors: Narita Hirokazu , Kasuya Ryo , Suzuki Tomoya , Motokawa Ryuhei , Tanaka Mikiya 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSeparation of precious metals (PMs) is becoming increasingly important because of their growing application in industrial products, such as electronics and catalysts. Most PM separation and purification processes are performed using acidic chloride solutions; therefore, a thorough understanding of the chemical properties and separation mechanisms of PM chloridometalates in solution is of key importance for improving these processes. This article focuses on the solvent extraction of PM ions from acidic chloride solutions as the main technology for the mutual separation of PMs. In addition, leaching methods, dominant species in acidic chloride solutions, and non‐solvent‐extraction separation methods are discussed.
Lower urinary tract and bowel dysfunction in spinocerebellar ataxias
Authors: Afonso Ribeiro Joana , Simeoni Sara , De Min Lorenzo , Uchiyama Tomoyuki , Tung Lo Yu , Solanky Nita , Garcia‐Moreno Hector , Giunti Paola , Panicker Jalesh N. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundLittle information is available in spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) regarding pelvic organ symptoms. The aim of this study was to characterize the lower urinary tract (LUT) and bowel dysfunction in autosomal dominant spinocerebellar ataxias.MethodsPatients with confirmed SCAs attending a tertiary care service were approached about LUT and bowel complaints, and completed validated questionnaires: urinary symptom profile (USP), Qualiveen‐Short form, International Prostate Symptom Score, and Neurogenic Bowel Dysfunction Score. SCA3 and SCA7 patients with urological complaints additionally underwent urodynamic studies (UDS). Patients’ characterization included demographic, clinical (Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA), Inventory of Non‐Ataxia Signs (INAS)), and genetic variables. Descriptive and comparative analyses were performed.ResultsFifty‐one patients participated: SCA1 (n = 4), SCA2 (n = 11), SCA3 (n = 13), SCA6 (n = 17), and SCA7 (n = 6). The prevalence of self‐reported LUT symptoms was 60.8% (n = 31), whereas LUT symptoms was reported in 86.3%(n = 44) using the USP. Both storage and voiding symptoms were reported, urinary frequency and urgency being the most frequent (n = 34, 68%). Although LUT symptoms were most often classed as mild (n = 27, 61.4%), they impacted QoL in 38 patients (77.6%). Of these, 21 (55.3%) were not on pharmacological treatment for urinary dysfunction. Most common abnormalities in UDS (n = 14) were detrusor overactivity (storage phase) and detrusor underactivity (voiding phase). Bowel symptoms were less common (31.4%, n = 16) and of mild severity.ConclusionLUT symptoms are prevalent in SCA patients and impact QoL, whereas bowel symptoms tend to be mild. These symptoms are overlooked by patients and physicians due to the complexity of neurological involvement in SCA, and therefore a multidisciplinary management approach should be adopted.
Juvenile Spondyloarthritis in the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance Registry: High Biologic Use, Low Prevalence of HLA–B27, and Equal Sex Representation in Sacroiliitis
Authors: Rumsey Dax G. , Lougee Aimee , Matsouaka Roland , Collier David H. , Schanberg Laura E. , Schenfeld Jennifer , Shiff Natalie J. , Stoll Matthew L. , Stryker Scott , Weiss Pamela F. , Beukelman Timothy ,   for the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance Registry Investigators
Published: December 2020

ObjectiveTo describe characteristics of children with enthesitis‐related arthritis (ERA) and juvenile psoriatic arthritis (PsA) who were enrolled in the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance (CARRA) registry.MethodsAll children with ERA and those with juvenile PsA were identified. Demographic characteristics, clinical characteristics, and treatments were described. The children with sacroiliitis and those without sacroiliitis were compared. In the children with sacroiliitis, the first visit with clinically active sacroiliitis (which came first in 72% of cases) was compared to the first visit without clinically active sacroiliitis.ResultsA total of 902 children with ERA or juvenile PsA were identified. Children with ERA were older at diagnosis (ages 10.8 years versus 8.2 years; P < 0.01) and were more likely to be male (56% versus 38%; P < 0.01). Polyarticular involvement was reported in 57% of children with ERA and in 72% of those with juvenile PsA. Of the children tested, HLA–B27 was positive in 38% of those in the ERA group and in 12% of those in the juvenile PsA group. At least 1 biologic was taken by 72% of those with ERA and 64% of those with juvenile PsA.Sacroiliitis (diagnosed clinically and/or by imaging) was reported in 28% of the children (40% of those with ERA and 12% of those with juvenile PsA). Of these, 54% of the children were female, 36% were HLA–B27 positive, and 81% took at least 1 biologic. In children with sacroiliitis, scores according to the physician global assessment of disease activity, parent/patient global assessment of well‐being, and clinical Juvenile Arthritis Disease Activity Score 10 were all significantly worse at the first visit with clinically active sacroiliitis versus the first visit without active sacroiliitis.ConclusionIn this registry, there are more than 900 children with ERA or juvenile PsA. There was high biologic use in this population, especially in those with sacroiliitis. Further, there was equal sex representation in those children with sacroiliitis.
Clinicopathologic Associations in a Large International Cohort of Patients With Giant Cell Arteritis
Authors: Putman Michael S. , Gribbons K. Bates , Ponte Cristina , Robson Joanna , Suppiah Ravi , Craven Anthea , Watts Richard , Luqmani Raashid , Merkel Peter A. , Archer Amy M. , Grayson Peter C. 
Published: December 2020

ObjectiveIn addition to aiding in diagnosis, histopathologic findings from temporal artery biopsy (TAB) specimens in giant cell arteritis (GCA) may be valuable for their associations with clinical features of the disease. This study was undertaken to compare histopathologic findings on TAB with biopsy interpretation and demographic, clinical, and imaging features at time of diagnosis.MethodsPatients with a clinical diagnosis of GCA who had a TAB were selected from an international, multicenter observational cohort of vasculitis. Associations between demographic, clinical, radiographic, and histopathologic features were identified using bivariate testing and multivariate regression modeling.ResultsOf 705 patients with GCA who underwent TAB, 69% had histopathologic evidence of definite vasculitis. Specific histopathologic findings included the presence of giant cells (51%), fragmentation of the internal elastic lamina (41%), intimal thickening (33%), and predominantly mononuclear leukocyte infiltration (32%). Histopathologic interpretation of definite vasculitis was independently associated with giant cells (odds ratio [OR] 151.8 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 60.2–551.6]), predominantly mononuclear leukocyte infiltration (OR 11.8 [95% CI 5.9–24.9]), and fragmentation of the internal elastic lamina (OR 3.7 [95% CI 1.9–7.4]). A halo sign on temporal artery ultrasound and luminal damage of large arteries on angiography were significantly associated with presence of giant cells (OR 2.6 [95% CI 1.1–6.5] and OR 2.4 [95% CI 1.1–5.2], respectively). Specific histopathologic findings were associated with older age, but no associations were identified with vision loss or other clinical features.ConclusionHistopathologic findings in GCA are strongly associated with the clinical diagnosis of GCA but have a limited role in identifying patterns of disease.
In Situ Construction of Uniform and Robust Cathode–Electrolyte Interphase for Li‐Rich Layered Oxides
Authors: Zhao Jingteng , Liang Yuan , Zhang Xu , Zhang Zihe , Wang Errui , He Shiman , Wang Boya , Han Zhijie , Lu Jun , Amine Khalil , Yu Haijun 
Published: December 2020

AbstractHigh‐energy‐density Li‐rich layered oxides (LLOs) as promising cathodes for Li‐ion batteries suffer from the dissolution of transition metals (especially manganese) and severe side reactions in conventional electrolytes, which greatly deteriorate their electrochemical performance. Herein, an in situ “anchoring + pouring” synergistic cathode–electrolyte interphase (CEI) construction is realized by using 1,3,6‐hexanetricarbonitrile (HTCN) and tris(trimethylsilyl) phosphate (TMSP) electrolyte additives to alleviate the challenges of an LLO (Li1.13Mn0.517Ni0.256Co0.097O2). HTCN with three nitrile groups can tightly anchor transition metals by coordinative interaction to form the CEI framework, and TMSP will electrochemically decompose to reshape the CEI layer. The uniform and robust in situ constructed CEI layer can suppress the transition metal dissolution, shield the cathode against diverse side reactions, and significantly improve the overall electrochemical performance of the cathod with a discharge voltage decay of only 0.5 mV cycle−1. Further investigations based on a series of experimental techniques and theoretical calculations have revealed the composition of in situ constructed CEI layers and their distribution, including the enhanced HTCN anchoring effect after lattice densification of LLOs. This study provides insights into the in situ CEI construction for enhancing the performance of high‐energy and high‐voltage cathode materials through effective, convenient, and economical electrolyte approaches.