bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel protocol for accurate and reliable postoperative bolus administration of recombinant factor VIIa using an automated mini‐pump system
Authors: Négrier Claude , Chamouard Valerie , Lienhart Anne , Nougier Christophe , Fleury Raphael 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIntroductionRecombinant FVIIa (rFVIIa) is widely used to manage bleeding risk during and after surgery in patients with haemophilia complicated by inhibitors. In the postoperative period, rFVIIa must be delivered frequently and regularly to maintain haemostasis, considering its short half‐life. Preparation and manual administration of bolus doses of rFVIIa at regular intervals may place a strain on available nursing resources. A programmable mini‐pump may offer an approach to facilitate regular administration of bolus doses of rFVIIa at specified intervals.AimTo investigate if a mini‐pump is a practical and effective way to deliver rFVIIa in the postoperative period.MethodsIt was first necessary to establish that rFVIIa remains stable and sterile in the mini‐pump reservoir for an extended period. Four days after loading the mini‐pump under sterile conditions no evidence of bacterial or fungal growth was observed and in vitro procoagulant activity of rFVIIa remained stable. The mini‐pump was used to deliver rFVIIa as bolus doses to two patients with inhibitors who had undergone surgery. Nurses were asked to report their satisfaction with the use of the mini‐pump using a specific questionnaire.ResultsHaemostasis was evaluated as excellent in both cases; nurses were satisfied with use of the mini‐pump.ConclusionThis pilot study shows that intermittent delivery of rFVIIa at fixed intervals using an automated mini‐pump offers accurate and reliable administration in the postoperative setting. This approach may reduce burden on nursing staff, potentially minimize the risk of human error and avoid delay in administration of rFVIIa.
The fracture properties of metal‐ceramic composites manufactured via stereolithography
Authors: Mummareddy Bhargavi , Maravola Michael , MacDonald Eric , Walker Jason , Hetzel Brian , Conner Brett , Cortes Pedro 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn this work, metal‐ceramic composite parts based on aluminum and alumina were manufactured in a two‐stage process. First, silica was printed using a vat photopolymerization technique, followed by a curing and sintering stage, which resulted in ceramic precursors. Subsequently, these samples were subjected to a metal infiltration process to form interpenetrating metal‐ceramic composites (IPCs). These composites have attracted considerable attention in the aerospace and defense sector due to the ductility associated to the metal phase and the strength offered by the ceramics. A novel application with utility includes composite tooling which requires a low coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) for high temperatures. The investigated specimens were tested for surface quality and shrinkage, followed by a mechanical characterization. It was recorded that the samples presented a 12%–18% of shrinkage after the sintering process. The mechanical testing showed that the hardness, compression, and flexural strength of the composites were superior to the printed and sintered ceramics. A thermal analysis on the composite showed that its CTE is more than two times lower than the common composite tooling materials. It is expected that the present work can provide the foundations for further studies on these systems in the refractory, automotive, and armor‐based fields.
A critical evaluation of indentation crack lengths in air
Authors: Cook Robert F. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAn extensive overview is presented of Vickers indentation crack lengths in ceramics in air. Measurement of such crack lengths is one of the most common and powerful assessments of the fracture properties of ceramics and the overview provides a critical evaluation of observed behavior as functions of material type and indentation load, and an extensive basis for comparison of results from new materials and analyses. The overview considers single crystals, polycrystals, transforming materials, glasses, and multiphase materials, including cermets, glass‐ceramics, and tooth enamel. The coverage extends over structural and electronic ceramics, including oxides, carbides, nitrides, and titanates. The data are presented in a single format for ease of interpretation in terms of idealized indentation fracture and for inter‐material comparisons; most data are unique to this work, but the results of selected studies from the published literature are included. The overview considers the precision and accuracy of crack length measurements and demonstrates a simple quantitative evaluation and ranking scheme for ceramic fracture based on load‐adjusted crack length and cracking susceptibility. Indentation hardness and cracking threshold are also determined and related to the susceptibility. Material toughness is related to cracking susceptibility by fracture mechanics analyses: typical crack length measurements in air are shown to provide estimates of inert toughness with a relative uncertainty of ±50%.
Mindfulness‐Based Design Practice (MBDP): A Novel Learning Framework in Support of Designers within Twenty‐First‐Century Higher Education
Authors: Andrahennadi Kumanga Chanduni 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWhile the interconnected and technological nature of the twenty‐first century can bring about many positive global connections, the importance of prioritising the development of the ‘inner world’ of designers is receiving less attention; similarly, time for contemplation, reflection and stillness is becoming scarcer. This article discusses mindfulness training from the Buddhist perspective, and how it can act as a pathway to personal introspection and as a supportive method for mental illnesses. With a special focus on design education, it discusses a novel framework, Mindfulness‐Based Design Practice (MBDP), and how it can potentially offer opportunities for design students to foster positive mind qualities such as mindfulness, compassion, resilience, and recognising the true nature of phenomena for becoming more ethical designers. Therefore, this article looks to bridge the gap between the significant lack of contemplative mindfulness‐based methods within the higher design education sector and the increasing mental health crisis within that sector. Thus, the primary concern of the MBDP is to advance both the individual and the collective development of the contemporary designer’s mind. Referring to the mind of the designer as the ‘inner designer’, this article forms an unfolding dialogue of the novel framework MBDP in support of mindful learning within twenty‐first‐century design education.
Ethos of Ambiguity: Artist Teachers and the Transparency Exclusion Paradox
Authors: Matthews Miranda 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAddressing changes in conditions for practitioners that can be related to education policy in England and Wales since 2010, this article presents issues faced by teachers of art and design and their responses in practice. The current insistence on transparency in education emerges through policy that audits performativity, in a limiting skills bank. Practitioners in art and design are particularly affected by what I term ‘the transparency‐exclusion paradox’, as they battle to maintain the subject area and are ‘othered’ by the English Baccalaureate and Progress 8. I will discuss an emergent ‘ethos of ambiguity’ among artist‐teachers and contemporary artists, with a theoretical basis informed by Beauvoir and Foucault. Empirical data from research participants will be evidenced, to explore strategies of response in inclusive social practice. This article adds to literature that considers the effects of policy in implementation and it contributes to research on creative expressions of ambiguity in the arts.
‘Tell me your story!’ – Making the ‘Other’ Visible through the Development of Collaborative Visual Narratives
Authors: Markidou Tereza 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis article reports on the findings of a series of participatory video art/documentary workshops designed and implemented to enhance understanding and collaboration between teenagers of diverse cultural backgrounds in the city of Pafos in the Republic of Cyprus. This research initiative was part of The Alien Trail (2017); a photographic project that explored the everyday life of refugees and migrants currently living in the island through the images of four distinguished photographers: Antoine D’Agata, Nikos Economopoulos, Bieke Depoorter and Nicolas Iordanou (Project Creator). The workshops were co‐designed by artists, educators and anthropologists in order to promote visual and multimodal communication amongst participants through short video and documentary making and collaborative drawing sessions. The findings of this practice highlight that teenagers were able to develop empathy and understanding by discussing and sharing meaning through exploring each other’s visual narratives.
Hypertension in a resource‐limited setting: Poor Outcomes on Short‐term Follow‐up in an Urban Hospital in Maputo, Mozambique
Authors: Manafe Naisa , Matimbe Rosália Nhabete , Daniel Josefa , Lecour Sandrine , Sliwa Karen , Mocumbi Ana Olga 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMozambique has low levels of detection, treatment, and control of hypertension. However, data on target organ damage and clinical outcomes are lacking. The authors aimed at characterizing the clinical profile, pattern of target organ damage, and short‐term outcomes of patients referred to a first referral urban hospital in a low‐income setting in Africa. We conducted a prospective descriptive cohort study from February 2016 to May 2017 in Maputo, Mozambique. Adult patients with systolic and diastolic blood pressure ≥180 mm Hg and/or ≥110 mm Hg, respectively, or any systolic blood pressure above 140 mm Hg and/or diastolic blood pressure above 90 mm Hg in the presence of target organ damage (with or without antihypertensive treatment) were submitted to detailed physical examination, funduscopy, laboratory profile, electrocardiography, and echocardiography. Six months after the occurrence of complications (stroke, heart failure, and renal failure), hospital admission and death were assessed. Overall, 116 hypertensive patients were recruited (mean age 57.5 ± 12.8 years old; 111[95.7%] black; 81[70%] female) of which 79 had severe hypertension. The baseline mean values recorded for systolic and diastolic blood pressure were 192.3 ± 23.6 and 104.2 ± 15.2 mm Hg, respectively. Most patients (93; 80.2%) were on antihypertensive treatment. Patients’ risk profile revealed dyslipidemia, obesity, and diabetes in 59(54.1%), 48(42.5%), and 23(19.8%), respectively. Target organ damage was found in 111 patients. The commonest being left atrial enlargement 91(84.5%), left ventricular hypertrophy 57(50.4%), hypertensive retinopathy 30(26.3%), and chronic kidney disease 27(23.3%). Major events during 6‐month follow‐up were hospitalizations in 10.3% and death in 8.6% of the patients. Worsening of target organ damage occurred in 10 patients: four stroke, two heart failure, and four renal damage. Patients with severe hypertension and target organ damage were young with high‐risk profile, low hypertension control, and high occurrence of complications during short‐term follow‐up. Efforts to improve high blood pressure control are needed to reduce premature mortality in this highly endemic poor setting.
Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and morning surge in blood pressure in adult black and white South Africans
Authors: Lambert Gavin W. , Head Geoffrey A. , Chen Won Sun , Hamer Mark , Malan Nicolaas T. , Quinn Stephen , Schlaich Markus P. , Malan Leone 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe examined whether there were differences in the circadian variation in blood pressure and the morning surge in blood pressure between black and white Africans. Clinic and ambulatory blood pressure data obtained from the Sympathetic Activity and Ambulatory Blood Pressure in Africans (SABPA) study was examined (n = 406; 49% black African). Ambulatory blood pressure readings were fitted to a six‐parameter double logistic equation to determine the power and rate of the morning surge in blood pressure. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to examine differences in blood pressure between black and white participants. Clinic and ambulatory blood pressure were higher in black participants throughout the day and night. In those taking medications, blood pressure was less well controlled in black subjects. Despite the higher systolic blood pressure, the day‐night difference estimated by the logistic function was similar in black and white participants. However, the rate of rise and power in the morning surge in blood pressure was lower in black participants. We conclude that black participants of the SABPA study present with higher blood pressure throughout the day and night but have a lower power of the morning surge in blood pressure due to a slower morning rate of increase. Moreover, they had an increased prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension and, in those taking medication, were less likely to have their blood pressure controlled than their white counterparts.
BK polyomavirus genotypes in renal transplant recipients in the United States: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Thongprayoon Charat , Khoury Nadeen J. , Bathini Tarun , Aeddula Narothama Reddy , Boonpheng Boonphiphop , Leeaphorn Napat , Ungprasert Patompong , Bruminhent Jackrapong , Lertjitbanjong Ploypin , Watthanasuntorn Kanramon , Chesdachai Supavit , Mao Michael A. , Cheungpasitporn Wisit 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundIn the United States, increasing ethnic diversity has been apparent. However, the epidemiology and trends of BKV genotypes remain unclear. This meta‐analysis was conducted with the aim to assess the prevalence of BKV genotypes among kidney transplant (KTx) recipients in the United States.MethodsA comprehensive literature review was conducted through October 2018 utilizing MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Database to identify studies that reported the prevalence of BKV subtypes and/or subgroups in KTx recipients in the United States. Pooled prevalence rates were combined using random effects, generic inverse variance method. The protocol for this study is registered with PROSPERO (no. CRD42019134582).ResultsA total of eight observational studies with a total of 193 samples (urine, blood, and kidney tissues) from 188 BKV‐infected KTX recipients were enrolled. Overall, the pooled estimated prevalence rates of BKV subtypes were 72.2% (95% confidence of interval [CI]: 62.7‐80.0%) for subtype I, 6.8% (95% CI: 2.5‐16.9%) for subtype II, 8.3% (95% CI: 4.4‐15.1%) for subtype III, and 16.1% (95% CI: 10.4‐24.2%) for subtype IV, respectively. While metaregression analysis demonstrated a significant positive correlation between year of study and the prevalence of BKV subtype I (slopes = +0.1023, P = .01), there were no significant correlations between year of study and percentages of BKV subtype II‐IV (P > .05). Among KTx recipients with BKV subtype I, the pooled estimated percentages of BKV subgroups were 22.4% (95% CI: 13.7‐34.5%) for subgroup Ia, 30.6% (95% CI: 17.7‐47.5%) for subgroup Ib1, 47.7% (95% CI: 35.8‐59.9%) for subgroup Ib2, and 4.1% (95% CI:1.2‐13.3%) for subgroup Ic, respectively.ConclusionBKV subtype I is the most prevalent subtype among KTx recipients in the United States and its prevalence seems to increasing overtime. Subgroup Ib2 is the most common subgroup among BKV subtype I.
Multiple Euryhaline Lineages of Centrohelids (Haptista: Centroplasthelida) in Inland Saline Waters Revealed with Metabarcoding
Authors: Gerasimova Elena A. , Plotnikov Andrey O. , Khlopko Yuri A. , Zlatogursky Vasily V. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe diversity of centrohelids in inland saline waters was studied with metabarcoding for the first time. The fragment of V6–V7 regions of 18S rDNA was sequenced with newly designed primers. Obtained OTUs were identified with molecular phylogenetic analysis and comparison of the signatures in 39es9 hairpin of V7. The obtained data included some OTUs, which could be attributed to four described species, but the majority belonged to previously established or novel environmental clades. Along with some presumably marine/brackish clades and freshwater/low salinity (0–2 ppt) clades, seven presumable species demonstrating broad (from 1–2 up to 78 ppt) salinity tolerance were detected. A number of OTUs belonged to Raphidocystis contractilis, which is known from three independent findings in brackish habitats only. Thus, it was assumed that this species is stenohaline and specifically adapted to salinity 5–15 ppt. The high level of salinity tolerance was suggested for centrohelids before based on morphology, which was used to justify their cosmopolitan distribution. Later these views were criticized based on environmental sequencing, but the results of the current survey indicate, that at least some species are present at salinities from almost freshwater (1–2 ppt) to twice oceanic (78 ppt) and are presumably capable of overcoming oceanic salinity barriers for their distribution.
Can we manage fisheries with the inherent uncertainty from eDNA?
Authors: Jerde Christopher L. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractEnvironmental (e)DNA, as a general approach in aquatic systems, seeks to connect the presence of species' genetic material in the water and hence to infer the species' physical presence. However, fisheries managers face making decisions with risk and uncertainty when eDNA indicates a fish is present but traditional methods fail to capture the fish. In comparison with traditional methods such as nets, electrofishing and piscicides, eDNA approaches have more sources of underlying error that could give rise to false positives. This has resulted in some managers to question whether eDNA can be used to make management decisions because there is no fish in hand. As a relatively new approach, the methods and techniques have quickly evolved to improve confidence in eDNA. By evaluating an eDNA based research programmes through the pattern of the eDNA signal, assay design, experimental design, quality assurance and quality control checks, data analyses and concurrent search for fish using traditional gears, the evidence for fish presence can be evaluated to build confidence in the eDNA approach. The benefits for fisheries management from adopting an eDNA approach are numerous but include cost effectiveness, broader geographic coverage of habitat occupancy, early detection of invasive species, non‐lethal stock assessments, exploration of previously inaccessible aquatic environments and discovery of new species hidden beneath the water's surface. At a time when global freshwater and marine fisheries are facing growing threats from over‐harvest, pollution and climate change, we anticipate that growing confidence in eDNA will overcome the inherent uncertainty of not having a fish in hand and will empower the informed management actions necessary to protect and restore our fisheries.
Effect of ultrasonic treatment on the quality of puffed cowhide
Authors: He Long , Ma Guoyuan , Han Ling , Yu Qunli , Cao Hui , Han Mingshan , Yuan Dengkui 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis study investigated the effects of ultrasonic on the quality of puffed cowhide and of ultrasonic treatment on various parameters, such as color, expansion rate, microstructure, texture, and sensory score. Under all experimental conditions, ultrasonic significantly improved the quality of puffed cowhide. Ultrasonic was used to treat the puffed cowhide at 210°C, at which the highest expansion rate, L*, and sensory acceptability are obtained. At this temperature, hardness, and masticatory properties obtained the minimum values. Moreover, the product's microstructure showed uniform bubbles, and the overall acceptability was high, thereby resulting in the optimal quality of the product. In addition, puffing rate and sensory evaluation were negatively correlated with hardness and chewiness, and the sensory evaluation was positively correlated with L*, ΔE, and puffing rate. Therefore, ultrasonic is an effective method for improving the quality of puffed cowhide.Practical applicationsUltrasonic processing is increasingly used in food technology. Through ultrasonic treatment, this study successfully solved the low expansion rate and poor coloration in puffed cowhide and found that cowhide can be recycled after slaughter. Ultrasonic‐treated puffed products exhibit bright color, high expansion rate, reduced hardness, and favorable chewiness and contain collagen that promotes health. These findings demonstrated that ultrasonic treatment significantly improves the quality of puffed cowhide.
Official Demand for U.S. Debt: Implications for U.S. Real Rates
Authors: KAMINSKA IRYNA , ZINNA GABRIELE 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe estimate a structural term‐structure model of U.S. real rates, where arbitrageurs accommodate demand pressures exerted by domestic and foreign official investors. Official demand affects rates by altering the aggregate price of duration risk, and thereby bond risk premiums. Although foreign central banks' demand contributed to reduce long‐term real rates mainly in the years prior to the global‐financial crisis, the Federal Reserve's demand lowered rates during the quantitative easing period. Overall, the two‐factor model, augmented to account for changing liquidity conditions, offers a good representation of real rates during the 2001–16 period; however, we flag some caveats and possible extensions.
A monoclonal antibody raised against a synthetic oxytocin peptide stains mouse hypothalamic neurones
Authors: Kogami Yuji , Tsuji Takahiro , Tsuji Chiharu , Yokoyama Shigeru , Furuhara Kazumi , Lopatina Olga , Shabalova Anna , Salmina Alla B. , Watanabe Yumi , Hattori Tsuyoshi , Nishimori Katsuhiko , Kodama Kota , Higashida Haruhiro 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA monoclonal antibody against oxytocin was generated in 7a5 hybridoma cells derived from myeloma cells and lymphocytes from the spleen of mice immunised with a synthetic oxytocin peptide. The 7a5 monoclonal antibody bound with oxytocin in enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays. 7a5 cell growth medium was diluted up to 5000‐fold and used for immunohistochemistry. First, to test the specificity of the 7a5 antibody against oxytocin, we stained brain tissues of oxytocin knockout mice, comprising mice in which the first exon of the oxytocin‐neurophysin gene is deleted. No 7a5 immunoreactivity was detected in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus of oxytocin knockout mice; however, this area was strongly stained with the anti‐vasopressin polyclonal antibody, HM07. Tissue preparations of the wild‐type mouse PVN and supraoptic nucleus (SON) displayed 7a5 immunoreactivity that was indistinguishable from the staining produced with an anti‐oxytocin polyclonal antibody, HM06. The immunoreactivity of HM06 in the PVN was similar to that of an anti‐oxytocin monoclonal antibody, PS38. We then examined the cross‐reactivity of 7a5 with arginine vasopressin. The majority of cell soma and processes stained by 7a5 were not co‐stained with the vasopressin antibody in SON and PVN regions. Furthermore, the suprachiasmatic nucleus was stained by the vasopressin antibody but not by 7a5. These results demonstrate that 7a5 is a new anti‐oxytocin monoclonal antibody recognising oxytocin and not vasopressin; therefore, 7a5 can be used to investigate the role of oxytocin in the brain.