bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Materialising contexts: virtual soundscapes for real-world exploration
Authors: Cliffe Laurence , Mansell James , Greenhalgh Chris , Hazzard Adrian 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis article presents the results of a study based on a group of participants’ interactions with an experimental sound installation at the National Science and Media Museum in Bradford, UK. The installation used audio augmented reality to attach virtual sound sources to a vintage radio receiver from the museum’s collection, with a view to understanding the potentials of this technology for promoting exploration and engagement within museums and galleries. We employ a practice-based design ethnography, including a thematic analysis of our participants’ interactions with spatialised interactive audio, and present an identified sequence of interactional phases. We discuss how audio augmented artefacts can communicate and engage visitors beyond their traditional confines of line-of-sight, and how visitors can be drawn to engage further, beyond the realm of their original encounter. Finally, we provide evidence of how contextualised and embodied interactions, along with authentic audio reproduction, evoked personal memories associated with our museum artefact, and how this can promote interest in the acquisition of declarative knowledge. Additionally, through the adoption of a functional and theoretical aura-based model, we present ways in which this could be achieved, and, overall, we demonstrate a material object’s potential role as an interface for engaging users with, and contextualising, immaterial digital audio archival content.
Computational analysis of transport in three-dimensional heterogeneous materials
Authors: Boccardo Gianluca , Crevacore Eleonora , Passalacqua Alberto , Icardi Matteo 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPorous and heterogeneous materials are found in many applications from composites, membranes, chemical reactors, and other engineered materials to biological matter and natural subsurface structures. In this work we propose an integrated approach to generate, study and upscale transport equations in random and periodic porous structures. The geometry generation is based on random algorithms or ballistic deposition. In particular, a new algorithm is proposed to generate random packings of ellipsoids with random orientation and tunable porosity and connectivity. The porous structure is then meshed using locally refined Cartesian-based or unstructured strategies. Transport equations are thus solved in a finite-volume formulation with quasi-periodic boundary conditions to simplify the upscaling problem by solving simple closure problems consistent with the classical theory of homogenisation for linear advection–diffusion–reaction operators. Existing simulation codes are extended with novel developments and integrated to produce a fully open-source simulation pipeline. A showcase of a few interesting three-dimensional applications of these computational approaches is then presented. Firstly, convergence properties and the transport and dispersion properties of a periodic arrangement of spheres are studied. Then, heat transfer problems are considered in a pipe with layers of deposited particles of different heights, and in heterogeneous anisotropic materials.
Impacts of progressive urban expansion on subsurface temperatures in the city of Amsterdam (The Netherlands)
Authors: Visser Philip W. , Kooi Henk , Bense Victor , Boerma Emiel 
Published: April 2020

AbstractSubsurface temperatures are substantially higher in urban areas than in surrounding rural environments; the result is a subsurface urban heat island (SUHI). SUHIs and their drivers have received attention in studies world-wide. In this study, a well-constrained data set of subsurface temperatures from Amsterdam, The Netherlands, is presented. The study demonstrates that, through modeling of centuries-long (from fourteenth to twenty-first century) urban development and climate change, along with the history of both the surface urban heat-island temperatures and ground surface temperatures, it is possible to simulate the development and present state of the Amsterdam SUHI. The results provide insight into the drivers of long-term SUHI development, which makes it possible to distinguish subterranean heat sources of more recent times that are localized drivers (such as geothermal energy systems, sewers, boiler basements, subway stations or district heating) from larger-scale drivers (mainly heat loss from buildings and raised ground-surface temperatures due to pavements). Because these findings have consequences for the assessment of the shallow geothermal potential of the SUHIs, it is proposed to distinguish between (1) a regional, long-term SUHI that has developed over centuries due to the larger-scale drivers, and (2) local anomalies caused by anthropogenic heat sources less than one century old.
Computing several eigenvalues of nonlinear eigenvalue problems by selection
Authors: Hochstenbach Michiel E. , Plestenjak Bor 
Published: April 2020

AbstractComputing more than one eigenvalue for (large sparse) one-parameter polynomial and general nonlinear eigenproblems, as well as for multiparameter linear and nonlinear eigenproblems, is a much harder task than for standard eigenvalue problems. We present simple but efficient selection methods based on divided differences to do this. Selection means that the approximate eigenpair is picked from candidate pairs that satisfy a certain suitable criterion. The goal of this procedure is to steer the process away from already detected pairs. In contrast to locking techniques, it is not necessary to keep converged eigenvectors in the search space, so that the entire search space may be devoted to new information. The selection techniques are applicable to many types of matrix eigenvalue problems; standard deflation is feasible only for linear one-parameter problems. The methods are easy to understand and implement. Although the use of divided differences is well known in the context of nonlinear eigenproblems, the proposed selection techniques are new for one-parameter problems. For multiparameter problems, we improve on and generalize our previous work. We also show how to use divided differences in the framework of homogeneous coordinates, which may be appropriate for generalized eigenvalue problems with infinite eigenvalues. While the approaches are valuable alternatives for one-parameter nonlinear eigenproblems, they seem the only option for multiparameter problems.
The analysis of dissolved inorganic carbon in liquid using a microfluidic conductivity sensor with membrane separation of CO2
Authors: Tweedie M. , Sun D. , Gajula D. R. , Ward B. , Maguire P. D. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAutonomous continuous analysis of oceanic dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) concentration with depth is of great significance with regard to ocean acidification and climate change. However, miniaturisation of in situ analysis systems is hampered by the size, cost and power requirements of traditional optical instrumentation. Here, we report a low-cost microfluidic alternative based on CO2 separation and conductance measurements that could lead to integrated lab-on-chip systems for ocean float deployment, or for moored or autonomous surface vehicle applications. Conductimetric determination of concentration, in the seawater range of 1000–3000 µmol kg−1, has been achieved using a microfluidic thin-film electrode conductivity cell and a membrane-based gas exchange cell. Sample acidification released CO2 through the membrane, reacting in a NaOH carrier, later drawn through a sub-µL conductivity cell, for impedance versus time measurements. Precision values (relative standard deviations) were ~ 0.2% for peak height measurements at 2000 µmol kg−1. Comparable precision values of ~ 0.25% were obtained using a C4D electrophoresis headstage with similar measurement volume. The required total sample and reagent volumes were ~ 500 µL for the low volume planar membrane gas exchange cell. In contrast, previous conductivity-based DIC analysis systems required total volumes between 5000 and 10,000 µL. Long membrane tubes and macroscopic wire electrodes were avoided by incorporating a planar membrane (PDMS) in the gas exchange cell, and by sputter deposition of Ti/Au electrodes directly onto a thermoplastic (PMMA) manifold. Future performance improvements will address membrane chemical and mechanical stability, further volume reduction, and component integration into a single manifold.
On the calibration of rotational augmentation models for wind turbine load estimation by means of CFD simulations
Authors: Burgos Tafur Belen Soledad , Daniele Elia , Stoevesandt Bernhard , Thomas Philipp 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn this work the improved version of an engineering model which accounts for rotational augmentation effects by means of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) calibration is explored and discussed. Based on an analysis of the NREL Phase VI wind turbine, the novel modeling is presented, which uses as base line the formulation proposed by Chaviaropoulos and Hansen. The model is calibrated based on CFD simulations using OpenFOAM. The corresponding correction of the two dimensional polars is straightforward implemented within MoWiT, an in-house software for load calculation. The novel formulation results in improved lift and drag coefficients prediction in all considered cases, reducing the deviation with respect to the rotating CFD cases down to few percent. The optimal configuration including the correction for tip effects of Shen shows better agreements at the very tip of the blade. Furthermore the range of applicability for large wind turbine rotor blades based on a virtual$$10\,\hbox {MW}$$10MWrotor model is discussed.
BCL-2 family deregulation in colorectal cancer: potential for BH3 mimetics in therapy
Authors: Ramesh Prashanthi , Medema Jan Paul 
Published: April 2020

AbstractApoptosis is a form of programmed cell death that is essential for tissue homeostasis. De-regulation of the balance between proliferation and apoptosis contributes to tumor initiation. Particularly in the colon where apoptosis is a crucial process in intestinal turnover, inhibition of apoptosis facilitates transformation and tumor progression. The BCL-2 family of proteins are key regulators of apoptosis and have been implicated in colorectal cancer (CRC) initiation, progression and resistance to therapy. In this review we outline the current knowledge on the BCL-2 family-regulated intrinsic apoptosis pathway and mechanisms by which it is de-regulated in CRC. We further review BH3 mimetics as a therapeutic opportunity to target this pathway and evaluate their potential for CRC treatment.
Conditionals As Representative Inferences
Authors: van Rooij Robert , Schulz Katrin 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAccording to Adams (Inquiry 8:166–197, 1965), the acceptability of an indicative conditional goes with the conditional probability of the consequent given the antecedent. However, some conditionals seem to be inappropriate, although their corresponding conditional probability is high. These are cases with a missing link between antecedent and consequent. Other conditionals are appropriate even though the conditional probability is low. Finally, we have the so-called biscuit conditionals. In this paper we will generalize analyses of Douven (Synthese 164:19–44, 2008) and others to account for the appropriateness of conditionals in terms of evidential support. Our generalization involves making use ofValue, or intensity. We will show how this generalization helps to account for biscuit conditionals and conditional threats and promises. Finally, a link is established between this analysis of conditionals and an analysis of generic sentences.
A moving finite element framework for fast infiltration in nonlinear poroelastic media
Authors: Rahrah Menel , Vermolen Fred 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPoroelasticity theory can be used to analyse the coupled interaction between fluid flow and porous media (matrix) deformation. The classical theory of linear poroelasticity captures this coupling by combining Terzaghi’s effective stress with a linear continuity equation. Linear poroelasticity is a good model for very small deformations; however, it becomes less accurate for moderate to large deformations. On the other hand, the theory of large-deformation poroelasticity combines Terzaghi’s effective stress with a nonlinear continuity equation. In this paper, we present a finite element solver for linear and nonlinear poroelasticity problems on triangular meshes based on the displacement-pressure two-field model. We then compare the predictions of linear poroelasticity with those of large-deformation poroelasticity in the context of a two-dimensional model problem where flow through elastic, saturated porous media, under applied mechanical oscillations, is considered. In addition, the impact of introducing a deformation-dependent permeability according to the Kozeny-Carman equation is explored. We computationally show that the errors in the displacement and pressure fields that are obtained using the linear poroelasticity are primarily due to the lack of the kinematic nonlinearity. Furthermore, the error in the pressure field is amplified by incorporating a constant permeability rather than a deformation-dependent permeability.
Cognitive Vulnerability in the Context of Panic: Assessment of Panic-Related Associations and Interpretations in Individuals with Varying Levels of Anxiety Sensitivity
Authors: Zahler Lisa , Sommer Katharina , Reinecke Andrea , Wilhelm Frank H. , Margraf Jürgen , Woud Marcella L. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
Cognitive models of panic disorder (PD) highlight the role of panic-related associations and interpretations. However, results are mixed and rely on specific measures. This study examined panic-related associations and interpretations using established and new paradigms in individuals varying on anxiety sensitivity (AS).

Methods
Associations were measured using a priming task and a novel Single Target Implicit Association Test (STIAT); interpretations were assessed using the Interpretation Bias Questionnaire (IBQ) and a novel Scrambled Sentences Task (SST). Symptoms were assessed via a provocation task (Straw Breathing Task, SBT).

Results
Panic-related interpretations correlated with AS and other PD-related measures. Of the association tasks, only the priming task correlated with one of the other PD-related measures. Panic-related interpretations assessed via the SST, but not priming, STIAT, and IBQ, predicted SBT reactivity. The relationship between AS and SBT reactivity was mediated by panic-related interpretations.

Conclusions
Our data provide support for panic-related interpretations as an important cognitive mechanism.
A new parallel fuzzy data envelopment analysis model for parallel systems with two components based on Stackelberg game theory
Authors: Shi Xiao , Emrouznejad Ali , Jin Minyue , Yang Feng 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis paper investigates the problem of efficiency measurement for parallel systems with two components based on Stackelberg game theory, while some inputs/outputs are fuzzy numbers. Conventional DEA models treat DMUs as “Black Boxes”. While in this paper, we propose a new parallel fuzzy DEA model to calculate the efficiency scores for each DMU’s whole system and its sub-systems. Through the Stackelberg (leader–follower) game theory, the whole system’s efficiency score of each DMU is decomposed into a set of efficiency scores for its sub-systems. This approach is independent of the $$ \alpha $$
α
-cut which reduces the computational efforts. In order to show our method, we use the data from Beasley (J Oper Res Soc 46(4):441–452, 1995) to measure the fuzzy efficiency of the teaching and research efficiencies of chemistry departments in UK universities.
The transverse aortic constriction heart failure animal model: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Bosch Lena , de Haan Judith J. , Bastemeijer Marissa , van der Burg Jennifer , van der Worp Erik , Wesseling Marian , Viola Margarida , Odille Clémene , el Azzouzi Hamid , Pasterkamp Gerard , Sluijter Joost P.G. , Wever Kimberley E. , de Jager Saskia C.A. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe transverse aortic constriction (TAC) model is frequently used to study adverse cardiac remodeling upon pressure overload. We set out to define the most important characteristics that define the degree of cardiac remodeling in this model. A systematic review and meta-analyses were performed on studies using the TAC mouse/rat model and reporting echocardiographic outcome parameters. We included all animal studies in which a constriction around the transverse aorta and at least one of the predefined echocardiography or MRI outcome parameters were assessed. A total of 502 articles and > 3000 wild-type, untreated animals undergoing TAC were included in this study and referenced to a control group. The duration of aortic constriction correlated to the degree of adverse remodeling. However, the mouse data is strongly biased by the preferential use of male C57Bl/6 mice (66% of studies). Furthermore, mostly ketamine/xylazine anesthetics, 27G needle constriction, and silk sutures are used. Nonetheless, despite the homogeneity in experimental design, the model contained a substantial degree of heterogeneity in the functional outcome measures. When looking at study quality, only 12% reported randomization, 23% mentioned any sort of blinding, 25% adequately addressed the outcomes, and an amazingly low percentage (2%) showed sample size calculation. Meta-analyses did not detect specific study characteristics that explained the heterogeneity in the reported outcome measures, however this might be related to the strong bias towards the use of specific mouse lines, sex as well as age or to poor reporting of characteristics of study quality.
How the partial-slip boundary condition can influence the interpretation of the DLS and NTA data
Authors: Zhdanov Vladimir P. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractDynamic light scattering (DLS) and nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) are widely used to determine the size of biological nanoparticles in liquid. In both cases, one first measures the nanoparticle diffusion coefficient and then converts it to the nanoparticle radius via the Stokes-Einstein relation. This relation is based on the no-slip boundary condition. Now, there is evidence that this condition can be violated in biologically relevant cases (e.g., for vesicles) and that in such situations the partial-slip boundary condition is more suitable. I show (i) how the latter condition can be employed in the context of DLS and NTA and (ii) that the use of the former condition may result in underestimation of the nanoparticle radius by about 10 nm compared with the nominal one.
A review of advances in the preparation and application of polyaniline based thermoset blends and composites
Authors: Bhadra Jolly , Alkareem Asma , Al-Thani Noora 
Published: April 2020

AbstractFor several decades, forming blend and composite of polyaniline (PANI) with insulating polymers has been a widely studied research area because of the potential applications of such blends, which have a unique combination of mechanical properties, the processability of conventional polymers and the electrical property of conducting polymers. The current review paper will emphasize PANI composites or blends with thermosetting polymer matrices. The enhanced electro-mechanical properties of the blends and composites depend on the uniform dispersion of the PANI particle in polymer matrix. Therefore, considerable studies have focused on improving the distribution of PANI particles within the thermoset matrices. In this review paper, all the parameters and conditions that influence the surface morphology and application of PANI thermoset blends and composites will be described systematically. Recent progress on PANI based thermoset system with multifunctional ternary composites research will be highlighted in this paper. Furthermore, encouraging applications of different PANI thermoset composites and blends are discussed, such as flame-retardant materials, lightning damage suppression, metal ion removal, anticorrosive coating, electromagnetic shielding, conductive adhesives, and sensing materials.
Conceptualizing consultation approaches: identifying combinations of consultation tools and analyzing their implications for stakeholder diversity
Authors: Fraussen Bert , Albareda Adrià , Braun Caelesta 
Published: April 2020

AbstractContemporary governance is increasingly characterized by the consultation of different types of stakeholders, such as interest groups representing economic and citizen interests, as well as public and private institutions, such as public authorities and firms. Previous research has demonstrated that public officials use a variety of tools to involve these actors in policymaking. Yet, we have limited knowledge on how particular consultation approaches relate to stakeholder participation. To what extent do open, closed and hybrid consultation approaches, with the first two, respectively, referring to the use of public and targeted tools, and the third one implying a combination of both of them, relate to the policy engagement of a different set of stakeholders? In this paper, we identify the different tools used by the European Commission to engage stakeholders in policymaking and assess how variation in consultation approaches relates to stakeholder participation via a descriptive and multivariate analysis. We rely on two datasets: a regulatory database that contains detailed information on 41 EU regulations and a stakeholder database that comprises 2617 stakeholders that were involved in these regulations through different consultation tools. Our main finding is that implementing different consultation approaches affects stakeholder diversity. Specifically, closed consultation approaches lead to a lower level of business dominance than hybrid approaches that combine open and targeted consultation tools.
Differential annotation of converted metabolites (DAC-Met): Exploration of Maoto (Ma-huang-tang)-derived metabolites in plasma using high-resolution mass spectrometry
Authors: Ohbuchi Katsuya , Sakurai Nozomu , Kitagawa Hiroyuki , Sato Masaru , Suzuki Hideyuki , Kushida Hirotaka , Nishi Akinori , Yamamoto Masahiro , Hanazaki Kazuhiro , Arita Masanori 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Introduction
Traditional herbal medicine (THM) contains a vast number of natural compounds with varying degrees of pharmacological activity. To elucidate the mode of action, comprehensive metabolite profiling in the plasma before and after administration of THM is essential.

Objective
The aim of this study was to explore and identify/annotate converted metabolites after administration of THM in humans.

Methods
We performed untargeted metabolome analysis of human plasma collected before and after administration of maoto (ma-huang-tang), a traditional Japanese Kampo medicine. Maoto-derived metabolites were then selected and annotated following the DAC-Met strategy, which is an annotation method that uses mass differences of major metabolic reactions among the detected peaks and a differential network analysis.

Results
About 80% of maoto-derived components were found to be converted forms. Following DAC-Met, the structures of 15 previously unidentified metabolites were determined, and five of these were later confirmed with authentic standards. Using published literature, we also reconstructed the metabolic pathway of maoto components in humans. A kinetic time-course analysis revealed their diverse kinetic profiles.

Conclusion
The results demonstrated that time-resolved comprehensive metabolite profiling in plasma using the DAC-Met strategy is highly useful for elucidating the complex nature of THM.