bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AURKA inhibits the decidualization of the eutopic endometrium in endometriosis through nuclear factor-κB p65
Authors: Sun Fangyuan , Yu Ting , Zhang Ying , Zhong Xiaoyan , Wang Dan , Li Yuanyuan , Wang Mengxue , Zhang Shucai , Yang Tingting 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Endometriosis is an estrogen dependent disease, which is related to infertility. Decidualization is a prerequisite for successful implantation of human embryos, and endometriosis affects the occurrence of decidualization. However, the mechanism that affects decidualization in endometriosis is not fully understood. Here, we find that Aurora kinase A (AURKA) is upregulated in the eutopic endometrium of endometriosis. AURKA inhibits the decidualization of stromal cells in the eutopic endometrium of endometriosis. Furthermore, in animal experiments, AURKA promotes endometriosis and inhibits decidualization in mice with endometriosis, leading to decreased expression of decidualization markers, such as prolactin, insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1, and desmin. Afterwards, we find that nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65 is a new substrate of AURKA. AURKA interacts with p65 to promote its phosphorylation and nuclear translocation. Meanwhile, AURKA enhances the protein stability of p65 by prolonging its half-life. In summary, AURKA inhibits the decidualization of the eutopic endometrium in patients with endometriosis by regulating p65, which may provide new ideas for improving decidualization defect in patients with endometriosis.
Leveraging collective impact to characterize and identify solutions to cultural challenges within scientific societies
Authors: Lightner Taylor , Soso Simone , Etson Candice M , Greenler Robin McC , Mugo Mercy , Segarra Verónica A 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
A consortium of scientific societies recently identified challenges to inclusivity within the biology communities they represent. Specifically, societies encounter difficulties collecting member demographic data effectively, integrating scientists at transitional career stages, and diversifying their leadership. In response, the Leveraging, Enhancing, and Developing Biology (LED-BIO) research coordination network (NSF 2134725) organized two meetings at the Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole, MA to gather stakeholders and employ top-down and bottom-up organizational approaches to address these challenges. These meetings included Town Hall and Think Tank events to facilitate open dialogue and gather feedback on policies and programs from national organizations in attendance. These discussions provided valuable insights into the barriers societies face and the available resources and interventions societies use to promote inclusivity. This article uses the LED-BIO research coordination network as a case study to discuss the Town Hall-Think Tank-Consensus Building (TTC) methodology for advancing inclusive excellence in scientific communities.
Emerging role of regulatory T cells in the immunopathogenesis of vitiligo and implications for treatment
Authors: Liu Yang , Liu Ziqi , Li Dan , He Xuanxuan , Xiang Leihong , Li Bin , Zhang Chengfeng 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Vitiligo is an autoimmune skin disease that targets pigment-producing melanocytes and results in depigmentation. This disfiguring condition frequently affects visible areas of the body and therefore causes a heavy psychological burden and a decreased quality of life. Although it remains intractable, the ever-growing understanding of its immunopathogenesis has dramatically shaped the treatment paradigm for vitiligo. With the impact of autoreactive cytotoxic T cells explained extensively, accumulating evidence suggests the unique role of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the immune microenvironment of vitiligo. We systematically reviewed Treg deficiency, instability, reduced vitality and dysfunction in people with vitiligo, combined with novel findings regarding Treg function modulation in autoimmune backgrounds, including metabolic alteration, post-translational modifications and interaction with other immune cells. We further summarized classic and advanced Treg-targeted therapeutics in vitiligo practice and research. Herein, we share up-to-date knowledge of Tregs in vitiligo, providing insights into novel Treg-based therapeutic strategies.
Appendiceal diverticulitis: a rare pathology disguised as acute appendicitis
Authors: Chen John L , Kalidindi Venugopala , Mayor-Jerez Jorge , Sadler Timothy J , Bell Daniel J 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Appendiceal diverticulitis, although rare, is an important differential diagnosis in cases of right iliac fossa pain. Previously, it has often been considered as a variant of acute appendicitis, due to its seemingly similar clinical presentation. However, recent research indicates that appendiceal diverticulitis is a distinct clinical entity, with demographic characteristics and clinical features that are different to acute appendicitis. It is also associated with higher risk of severe morbidity and mortality, necessitating timely diagnosis and management. In this report, we present a case of a 58-year-old male patient with diverticulitis of the vermiform appendix and review the relevant literature. We describe the classification of appendiceal diverticulosis and diverticulitis, their clinical presentation, and their potential complications. We outline the radiological findings of appendiceal diverticulitis and acute appendicitis and discuss the important role of diagnostic imaging in distinguishing between these two conditions.
Who asked for this? The curious case of Readiness for Professional Practice in England
Authors: Hanley Joe 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This article critically analyses plans for a new Readiness for Professional Practice framework in England. The new framework is being introduced by the regulator, Social Work England, with the stated aim to promote consistency across social work qualifying programmes. The framework and the regulatory context of social work qualifying in England are first introduced, as well as the contemporary challenges facing social work educators and students. The article then examines the evidence that underpins RPP, interrogating the limited research and flawed consultation process used to justify its introduction. Following this, some contextual factors are considered in relation to the new framework, including the already crowded landscape of frameworks for social workers in England and chronically poor working conditions. These discussions also raise the question of why this new framework is being introduced when an already existing framework, the Professional Capabilities Framework, is so widely employed and supported within the profession. The article then looks at how Readiness for Professional Practice fits within other national reforms in the sector, drawing on learning from similar experiences in initial teacher education to suggest that the new framework may be more about governmental control than student support.
Percutaneous repair of the Achilles tendon with one knot offers equivalent results as the same procedure with two knots. A comparative prospective study
Authors: Maffulli Nicola , Christidis George , Gougoulias Nikolaos , Christidis Panagiotis , Poku Daryl , Hassan Rifat , Migliorini Filippo , Oliva Francesco 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Purpose
The present prospective comparative study included patients with acute Achilles tendon rupture (ATR) who underwent percutaneous repair with one knot compared to percutaneous repair with two knots.

Methods
All patients underwent the procedure under local anesthesia. A total of 29 patients underwent percutaneous repair with two knots (Group A), and 33 patients underwent percutaneous repair with one knot (Group B). All patients were treated by a single surgeon between 2019 and 2021 and were followed prospectively for 24 months.

Results
Patients’ characteristics at baseline were similar between the two groups, except for age [38.0(15.0) vs 32.0(15.0) years, P = 0.028]. The procedure took longer for the two knots technique [19.0(4.0) vs 13.0(3.0) min, P &lt; 0.001]. The Achilles tendon total rupture score was not different between the two techniques (90.7 ± 3.26 vs 90.5 ± 2.18, P = 0.737), as was the elongation of the gastrosoleus-Achilles tendon complex measured by the Achilles tendon resting angle [−1.0(2.0) vs − 1.0(2.0), P &lt; 0.380]. The calf circumference of the injured and non-injured leg did not differ between the groups. Plantarflexion strength of the operated leg was significantly weaker than the non-operated leg in both groups. The European Foot and Ankle Society and patient reported outcome measures score by Piedade et al. scores were not statistically significant different between the two groups. No patient experienced a re-rupture, a venous thrombo-embolism episode, or injury to the sural nerve.

Conclusion
The modified technique offered similar objective and subjective outcome measures, in addition to reduced operative time.
The role of dystrophin isoforms and interactors in the brain
Authors: Tetorou Konstantina , Aghaeipour Artadokht , Singh Simran , Morgan Jennifer E , Muntoni Francesco 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Dystrophin is a protein crucial for maintaining the structural integrity of skeletal muscle. So far, attention has been focused on the role of dystrophin in muscle, in view of the devastating progression of weakness and early death that characterizes Duchenne muscular dystrophy. However, in the last few years, the role of shorter dystrophin isoforms, including development and adult expression-specific mechanisms, has been a greater focus.
Within the cerebral landscape, various cell types, such as glia, oligodendrocytes and Purkinje, cerebellar granule and vascular-associated cells express a spectrum of dystrophin isoforms, including Dp427, Dp140, Dp71 and Dp40. The interaction of these isoforms with a multitude of proteins suggests their involvement in neurotransmission, influencing several circuit functions.
This review presents the intricate interactions among dystrophin isoforms and diverse protein complexes across different cell types and brain regions, as well as the associated clinical complications. We focus on studies investigating protein interactions with dystrophin in the past 30 years at a biochemical level. In essence, the brain's dystrophin landscape is a thrilling exploration of diversity, challenging preconceptions and opening new avenues for understanding CNS physiology. It also holds potential therapeutic implications for neurological complications involving brain dystrophin deficiency. By revealing the molecular complexities related to dystrophin, this review paves the way for future investigations and therapeutic interventions for this CNS aspect of Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
Nanomedicine embraces the treatment and prevention of acute kidney injury to chronic kidney disease transition: evidence, challenges, and opportunities
Authors: Li Jia , Duan Jiayu , Hua Chaoyang , Pan Shaokang , Li Guangpu , Feng Qi , Liu Dongwei , Liu Zhangsuo 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI), a common kidney disease in which renal function decreases rapidly due to various etiologic factors, is an important risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD). The pathogenesis of AKI leading to CKD is complex, and effective treatments are still lacking, which seriously affects the prognosis and quality of life of patients with kidney disease. Nanomedicine, a discipline at the intersection of medicine and nanotechnology, has emerged as a promising avenue for treating kidney diseases ranging from AKI to CKD. Increasing evidence has validated the therapeutic potential of nanomedicine in AKI; however, little attention has been paid to its effect on AKI for patients with CKD. In this review, we systematically emphasize the major pathophysiology of the AKI-to-CKD transition and summarize the treatment effects of nanomedicine on this transition. Furthermore, we discuss the key role of nanomedicine in the regulation of targeted drug delivery, inflammation, oxidative stress, ferroptosis, and apoptosis during the transition from AKI to CKD. Additionally, this review demonstrates that the integration of nanomedicine into nephrology offers unprecedented precision and efficacy in the management of conditions ranging from AKI to CKD, including the design and preparation of multifunctional nanocarriers to overcome biological barriers and deliver therapeutics specifically to renal cells. In summary, nanomedicine holds significant potential for revolutionizing the management of AKI-to-CKD transition, thereby providing a promising opportunity for the future treatment of kidney diseases.
Testicular sex cord–stromal tumors in mice with constitutive activation of PI3K and loss of Pten
Authors: Dinevska Marija , McAloney Lachlan , Widodo Samuel S , Filiz Gulay , Anderson Jeremy , Dworkin Sebastian , Windley Simon P , Wilhelm Dagmar , Mantamadiotis Theo 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Testicular tumors are the most common malignancy of young men, and tumors affecting the testis are caused by somatic mutations in germ or germ-like cells. The PI3K pathway is constitutively activated in about one-third of testicular cancers. To investigate the role of the PI3K pathway in transforming stem-like cells in the testis, we investigated tumors derived from mice with post-natal, constitutive activation of PI3K signaling and homozygous deletion of tumor suppressor Pten, targeted to Nestin-expressing cells. Mice developed aggressive tumors, exhibiting heterogeneous histopathology and hemorrhaging. The tumors resemble the rare testis tumor type, testicular sex cord–stromal Leydig cell tumors. Single-cell resolution spatial tissue analysis demonstrated that T-cells are the dominant tumor-infiltrating immune cell type, with very few infiltrating macrophages observed in the tumor tissue, with CD8+ T-cells predominating. Further analysis showed that immune cells preferentially localize to, or accumulate within stromal regions.
The role of interleukin 17 in cancer: a systematic review
Authors: Begagic Emir , Vranic Semir , Sominanda Ajith 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Interleukin 17 (IL17) is a cytokine involved in immune regulation and has been increasingly recognized for its role in cancer progression. This systematic review aims to integrate data on IL17’s role in various tumors to better understand its implications for cancer prognosis and treatment. The review included 105 studies (27.6% experimental and 72.4% clinical). Clinical studies involved 9266 patients: 31.2% males, 60.0% females, and 8.8% with undefined gender. IL17A and IL17 were the most studied subtypes (36.2% and 33.3%, respectively). Breast cancer (26.7%), colorectal carcinoma (13.3%), and hematologic malignancies (10.5%) were the most researched neoplasms. IL17A promoted tumor growth in breast cancer and correlated with poor outcomes in colorectal, breast, and lung cancers. IL17 also played a significant role in immune modulation in gliomas and other tumors. IL17A significantly influences tumor growth and prognosis across various cancers, with notable roles in immune modulation and poor outcomes in multiple cancer types.
Chronology of Practice: Chinese Practice in Private International Law in 2023
Authors: He Qisheng 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The survey of the Chinese practices in private international law in 2023 highlights the following aspects: First, four new laws and two administrative regulations, three judicial interpretations by the Supreme People’s Court (“SPC”) have been formulated, and six groups of 44 typical cases have been selected by the SPC. Notably, China acceded to the Hague Apostille Convention this year. Additionally, Chinese courts concluded 24,000 foreign-related civil and commercial cases, 16,000 maritime cases, and 16,000 commercial arbitration judicial review cases. Second, Part IV of the Civil Procedure Law was amended to include new provisions addressing jurisdiction, service of process abroad, taking of evidence and periods, as well as recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments and arbitral awards. These new rules and relevant cases are presented throughout the Survey. Third, the application of international treaties and practices has emerged as a significant topic, with new rules in the Foreign Relations Law and the SPC Interpretation of International Treaties and International Practices. Additionally, the SPC selected 14 representative cases in this regard. Fourth, concerning the ascertainment of foreign laws, the SPC issued two judicial interpretations and selected three relevant cases. Fifth, regarding the judicial review of arbitration cases, the SPC has selected several Typical Cases of Judicial Review of Arbitration, which serve as significant guiding examples.
The Sino-Indian Boundary Dispute: Exploring Its Historical Roots and Addressing Colonial Cartography Using Innovative Methodology beyond the Western International Law Framework
Authors: Lone Fozia Nazir 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The ongoing Sino–Indian Border Dispute (SIBD) has yet to be effectively addressed by international law. Westphalian notions of sovereignty have hindered negotiations between the two nations, resulting in a stagnant conflict. This article explores the SIBD’s historical roots and suggests innovative pathways towards resolution that consider the socio-political, geographical, and historical context of Sino–Indian relations. To resolve the SIBD, extreme nationalist views in China and India must be restrained. This article proposes establishing a commission within the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation that adopts a tailor-made methodology, informed by Third World and New Haven Approaches to International Law and supplemented by a negotiation framework guided by the Five Principles of Coexistence—a cornerstone of peaceful Sino–Indian diplomatic relations. Through the commission’s efforts, an era could begin that moves away from the British Indian colonial cartographic legacy and Westphalian International Law on territories that created the current status quo. This innovative approach would improve economic conditions, protect human rights, and increase security for those living in precarious border regions. Although these methodologies have limitations, they offer a more comprehensive and sustainable map-making approach that is better suited to the region’s unique needs.
Sharing regional capacity in deceased donor kidney transplantation: experience from a regional collaborative in a metropolitan area
Authors: Wanigasekera Tamara , Kim Isaac , Maple Hannah , Massey Ashish , Kiliaris Maria , Das Sharmistha , Ahmed Rafez , Malik Ahmed , Game David , Ghazanfar Abbas , Mamode Nizam , Mohamed Ismail , Motallebzadeh Reza , Olsburgh Jonathon , Popoola Joyce , Rajakariar Ravindra , Silas Lisa , Willicombe Michelle , Dor Frank J M F , Jones Gareth 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background
Access to deceased donor kidney transplantation may be restricted in the event of resource limitation induced by extreme peaks in activity or local major incidents, which exceed centre capacity. An organ-sharing protocol was developed by the five London transplant units in 2019 to establish a system for safe transfer of organs and recipients between five regional kidney transplant units. We describe the activity and outcomes over the initial 20-month period.

Methods
National data on kidney transplants performed via the collaborative scheme were obtained from National Health Service Blood and Transplant. Outcomes data was collected locally and analysed.

Results
Sixteen recipients were transplanted between November 2020 and July 2022. The reasons for referral were theatre capacity and an information technology systems failure. Donor kidneys were from 10 brainstem death donors (62.5%) and six circulatory death donors (37.5%). Half of the donors fulfilled standard criteria. Twelve patients (75%) were first transplant recipients. Three (18.75%) were highly sensitized (calculated reaction frequency ≥85%). Three (18.75%) patients required arterial reconstruction. Seven patients (43.75%) had delayed graft function. Median creatinine at 12 months post-transplantation was 134 µmol/L. The median length of stay was 7.5 days. Three recipients (18.75%) died within the first year, two from SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Conclusions
This unique organ sharing collaborative scheme involving five hospitals in London enabled 16 transplants to proceed which otherwise would not have occurred. Although initially established for low-risk donors and recipients, the scheme has evolved to enable transplantation for a wide variety of recipients of varying complexity.
Applications of Mass Spectrometry Proteomic Methods to Immunoglobulins in the Clinical Laboratory
Authors: Murray David L , Willrich Maria A V 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Immunoglobulin (Ig) measurements in the clinical laboratory have been traditionally performed by nephelometry, turbidimetry, electrophoresis, and ELISA assays. Mass spectrometry (MS) measurements have the potential to provide deeper insights on the nature of these markers.

Content
Different approaches—top-down, middle-down, or bottom-up—have been described for measuring specific Igs for endogenous monoclonal immunoglobulins (M-proteins) and exogenous therapeutic monoclonal antibody therapies (t-mAbs). Challenges arise in distinguishing the Ig of interest from the polyclonal Ig background. MS is emerging as a practical method to provide quantitative analysis and information about structural and clonal features that are not easily determined by current clinical laboratory methods. This review discusses clinically implemented examples, including isotyping and quantification of M-proteins and quantitation of t-mAbs within the polyclonal Ig background, as examples of how MS can enhance our detection and characterization of Igs.

Summary
This review of current clinically available MS proteomic tests for Igs highlights both analytical and nonanalytical challenges for implementation. Given the new insight into Igs from these methods, it is hoped that vendors, laboratorians, healthcare providers, and payment systems can work to overcome these challenges and advance the care of patients.