bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Young Women's Complex Patterns of Contraceptive Use: Findings from an Australian Cohort Study
Authors: Harris Melissa L. , Coombe Jacqueline , Forder Peta M. , Lucke Jayne C. , Bateson Deborah , Loxton Deborah 
Published: November 2020

CONTEXTUnintended pregnancy is common among young women. Understanding how such women use contraceptives— including method combinations—is essential to providing high‐quality contraceptive care.METHODSData were from a representative cohort of 2,965 Australian women aged 18–23 who participated in the 2012–2013 Contraceptive Use, Pregnancy Intention and Decisions baseline survey, had been heterosexually active in the previous six months, and were not pregnant or trying to conceive. Latent class analysis was employed to characterize women's contraceptive choices; multinomial logistic regression was used to evaluate correlates of membership in the identified classes.RESULTSThe vast majority of women (96%) reported using one or more contraceptives, most commonly short‐acting hormonal methods (60%), barrier methods (38%), long‐acting contraceptives (16%) and withdrawal (15%). In total, 32 combinations were reported. Four latent classes of method use were identified: no contraception (4% of women); short‐acting hormonal methods with supplementation (59%, mostly the pill); high‐efficacy contraceptives with supplementation (15%, all long‐acting reversible contraceptive users); and low‐efficacy contraceptive combinations (21%); supplementation usually involved barrier methods or withdrawal. Class membership differed according to women's characteristics; for example, women who had ever been pregnant were more likely than other women to be in the no‐contraception, high‐efficacy contraceptive or low‐efficacy contraceptive combination classes than in the short‐acting hormonal contraceptive class (odds ratios, 2.0‐3.0).CONCLUSIONSThe complexity of women's contraceptive choices and the associations between latent classes and such characteristics as pregnancy history highlight the need for individualized approaches to pregnancy prevention and contraceptive care.
All-fiber laser source at 1645  nm for lidar measurement of methane concentration and wind velocity
Authors: Benoit Philippe , Le Méhauté Simon , Le Gouët Julien , Canat Guillaume 
Published: November 2020

We report on the realization of an all-fiber laser source that delivers single-frequency pulses at 1645 nm, on a linearly polarized single-mode beam, based on stimulated Raman scattering in passive fibers. The pulse energy reaches 14 µJ for a repetition rate of 20 kHz, and the spectral linewidth is 9.5 MHz for 100 ns square pulses. To the best of our knowledge, this energy is the highest reported at 1645 nm in an all-fiber laser source. Our method consists of reducing the stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) gain for the pump and signal pulses, respectively, by sweeping the optical frequency of the pump beam, and by applying a strain gradient on the amplification fiber. This compact laser source is now used in a transportable lidar system to measure simultaneously wind velocity and methane (

C
H

4

) concentration.
Incidence and risk factors of kidney impairment on patients with COVID-19: A meta-analysis of 10180 patients
Authors: Yang Qixin , Yang Xiyao 
Published: November 2020

BackgroundThe novel coronavirus is pandemic around the world. Several researchers have given the evidence of impacts of COVID-19 on the respiratory, cardiovascular and gastrointestinal system. Studies still have debated on kidney injury of COVID-19 patients. The purpose of the meta-analysis was to evaluate the association of kidney impairment with the development of COVID-19.MethodsThe PubMed, Embase and MedRxiv databases were searched until May 1, 2020. We extracted data from eligible studies to summarize the clinical manifestations and laboratory indexes of kidney injury on COVID-19 infection patients and further compared the prevalence of acute kidney injury (AKI) and the mean differences of three biomarkers between in ICU/severe and non-ICU/non-severe cases. Heterogeneity was evaluated using the I2method.ResultsIn the sum of 24 studies with 10180 patients were included in this analysis. The pooled prevalence of AKI, increased serum creatinine (Scr), increased blood urea nitrogen (BUN), increased D-dimer, proteinuria and hematuria in patients with COVID-19 were 16.2%, 8.3%, 6.2%, 49.8%, 50.1% and 30.3% respectively. Moreover, the means of Scr, BUN and D-dimer were shown 6.4-folds, 1.8-folds and 0.67-folds, respectively, higher in ICU/severe cases than in corresponding non-ICU/non-severe patients. The prevalence of AKI was about 30 folds higher in ICU/severe patients compared with the non-ICU/non-severe cases.ConclusionsOverall, we assessed the incidences of the clinic and laboratory features of kidney injury in COVID-19 patients. And kidney dysfunction may be a risk factor for COVID-19 patients developing into the severe condition. In reverse, COVID-19 can also cause damage to the kidney.
Incidence of hospitalization and mortality due to stroke in young adults, residents of developed regions in Brazil, 2008-2018
Authors: de Moraes Bernal Henrique , de Abreu Luiz Carlos , Pinheiro Bezerra Italla Maria , Adami Fernando , Takasu Jessica Miwa , Ji Young Suh João Victor , de Lira Ribeiro Silmara , de Sousa Santos Edige Felipe 
Published: November 2020

Introduction
We evaluated trends in hospitalization incidence and mortality due to hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke in young adults, according to gender and developed regions in Brazil.

Methods
Between 2008–2018, we performed a population-based time-series study using official hospitalization and death data due to stroke, in individuals aged 10–49 years, from Southeast and South, Brazil. Data were based on reports from the Unified Health System of Hospital Information System and Mortality Information System. Stroke was defined by the International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision (I60–I63). A Prais-Winsten regression model was performed and the Annual Percentage Change was calculated.

Results
In total, 78,123 hospitalizations of individuals aged 10–49 years were recorded, of which 59,448 (76%) resulted from hemorrhagic stroke (HS). The hospitalizations for HS was significantly decreased (- 4.37%) among men and women in both regions. The hospitalizations for ischemic stroke (IS) was flat, except between 2011 and 2018, when IS hospitalization rates increased. In the analysis by states, HS hospitalizations declined across all states, except for Espírito Santo, where it remained unchanged (p > 0.05). IS flat hospitalizations were observed in all states, except Espírito Santo, where it increased by 24.93%. In terms of mortality, 28,625 deaths were recorded, of which 26,548 (92.7%) resulted from HS. HS mortality decreased significantly by -3.48%and IS mortality by -3.84%. Decreases also occurred in all Southeast and South states (p < 0.05). IS remained unchanged across all states, except Minas Gerais, where it decreased by -14.95%.

Conclusions
We identified a decline in the hospitalizations and mortality of HS and a flat trend for IS in developed regions of Brazil. The recent period (2011–2018) demonstrated increasing rates in the hospitalizations of IS in both regions and genders. The mortality rates for HS and IS decreased between 2008–2018 in Southeast and South Brazil for both genders.
Factor analysis for the clustering of cardiometabolic risk factors and sedentary behavior, a cross-sectional study
Authors: Tsai Tsung-Ying , Hsu Pai-Feng , Lin Chung-Chi , Wang Yuan-Jen , Ding Yaw-Zon , Liou Teh-Ling , Wang Ying-Wen , Huang Shao-Sung , Chan Wan-Leong , Lin Shing-Jong , Chen Jaw-Wen , Leu Hsin-Bang 
Published: November 2020

Background
Few studies have reported on the clustering pattern of CVD risk factors, including sedentary behavior, systemic inflammation, and cadiometabolic components in the general population.

Objective
We aimed to explore the clustering pattern of CVD risk factors using exploratory factor analysis to investigate the underlying relationships between various CVD risk factors.

Methods
A total of 5606 subjects (3157 male, 51.5±11.7 y/o) were enrolled, and 14 cardiovascular risk factors were analyzed in an exploratory group (n = 3926) and a validation group (n = 1676), including sedentary behaviors.

Results
Five factor clusters were identified to explain 69.4% of the total variance, including adiposity (BMI, TG, HDL, UA, and HsCRP; 21.3%), lipids (total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol; 14.0%), blood pressure (SBP and DBP; 13.3%), glucose (HbA1C, fasting glucose; 12.9%), and sedentary behavior (MET and sitting time; 8.0%). The inflammation biomarker HsCRP was clustered with only adiposity factors and not with other cardiometabolic risk factors, and the clustering pattern was verified in the validation group.

Conclusion
This study confirmed the clustering structure of cardiometabolic risk factors in the general population, including sedentary behavior. HsCRP was clustered with adiposity factors, while physical inactivity and sedentary behavior were clustered with each other.
Safety and Efficacy of Intermittent Colonic Exoperistalsis Device to Treat Chronic Constipation: A Prospective Multicentric Clinical Trial
Authors: McClurg Doreen , Booth Lorna , Herrero-Fresneda Immaculada 
Published: November 2020

INTRODUCTION:
Chronic constipation is associated with various comorbidities and reduced quality of life. Current solutions, either pharmacological or invasive, show limited efficacy. Manual colon-specific massage is a well-established intervention to treat chronic constipation, but it should be applied daily. MOWOOT automatically provides intermittent colonic exo-peristalsis (ICE) treatment like that in manual massage.

METHODS:
This study assessed the safety and effectiveness of the ICE device to treat chronic constipation due to neurogenic bowel dysfunction or idiopathic causes with high component of pelvic floor disorders. The ICE device was used daily for 20 minutes over 4 weeks. Each participant was followed for 9 consecutive weeks. The same outcome measures (primary: complete bowel movements per week; secondary: Knowles Eccersley Scott Symptom Score and Patient Assessment of Constipation Quality of Life among others) were assessed at baseline (V1), last intervention weeks (V2), and post-treatment (V3). Responders were defined for selected outcomes as better results at V2 respect to V1.

RESULTS:
N = 92 adult patients constituted the intention-to-treat population, with N = 65 as the per protocol population. Adherence (quantity of treatment received) was ≥95% in the intention-to-treat population. Adverse events related with the treatment were low (8.7%). Using the device significantly increased the number of complete bowel movements per week (V2 − V1 = 1.8 [2.7], P < 0.0001), reduced the symptoms of chronic constipation (Knowles Eccersley Scott Symptom Score V2 − V1 = −3.9 [5.0], P < 0.0001), improved quality of life (Patient Assessment of Constipation Quality of Life V2 − V1 = −0.7 [0.8], P < 0.0001), and facilitated a reduction in laxatives. Colon transit and fecal consistency were not modified. There was a high number of responders (>70%).

DISCUSSION:
Considering safety, adherence, and efficacy being demonstrated, the results favor the use of MOWOOT to treat chronic constipation (Visual abstract, Supplementary Digital Content 1, http://links.lww.com/CTG/A440).

JOURNAL/cltg/04.03/01720094-202012000-00001/inline-graphic1/v/2023-10-30T213506Z/r/image-tiff
Volatility Modeling for Currency Pairs and Stock Indices by Means of Complex Networks
Authors: Liashenko Olena , Kravets Tetyana , Filogina Anastasiya 
Published: November 2020

Financial markets are complex systems. Network analysis is an innovative method for improving data sharing and knowledge discovery in financial data. Oriented weighted networks were created for the Shanghai Composite, S&P500, DAX30, CAC40, Nikkei225, FTSE100, IBEX35 indexes, for CNY-JPY, EUR-USD, GBP-EUR, RUB-CNY and for cryptocurrency BTC-USD. We considered data since January 6, 2006 to September 6, 2019. The complex networks had a similar structure for both types of markets, which was divided into the central part (core) and the outer one (loops). The emergence of such a structure reflects the fact that, for the most part, the stock and currency markets develop around some significant state of volatility, but occasionally anomalies occur when the states of volatility deviate from the core. Comparing the topology of evolutionary networks and the differences found for the stock and currency markets networks, we can conclude that stock markets are characterized by a greater variety of volatility patterns than currency ones. At the same time, the cryptocurrency market network showed a special mechanism of volatility evolution compared to the currency and stock market networks.
The role of psychological stress in atopic dermatitis through an increase of IL-31
Authors: Wardhana Made , Suryawati Nyoman , Rusyati Luh Made Mas 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIntroduction: Atopic dermatitis occurs due to multifactorial interactions such as genetic, environmental, impaired skin barrier function, immunological factors, infection and post-psychological stress. Th1 cells and some proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, IL-10 and others play a role in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis, also IL-31. IL-31, including cytokines of the IL-6 family expressed mainly on CD4 T cells. Many researchers also associate stress with the occurrence of atopic dermatitis, stress will trigger the release of these cytokines from immune cells (e.g. IL-6, TNF Î±). The aim of the study is determine correlationÂ between stress and increase in IL-31 level in person with atopic dermatitisMethod: We designed a case-control study includingÂ 58 patient, range from 14-65 years old. Diagnosis of atopic dermatitis is established based on Hanifin and Rajka criteria, and the severity based on SCORAD. Venous blood was collected for IL-31 examination, stress index was measured by interview according to the Holmes-Rahe stress scale test method.Result: In this study, the stress index in atopic dermatitis was 102.26 + 11.71, and in control 61.35 + 19.87 there was a significant difference with p <0.005. IL-31 levels in atopic dermatitis were 274.44 + 95.35, higher than controls 129.44 + 85.45, significantly with p<0.005. The results of linear regression between stress index and severity of dermatitis (SCORAD), appeared to have a moderate positive correlation with r = 0.04. OR 4.56 (95% CI 2.78-11.56).Conclusions: From this study it can be concluded that stress increases IL-31 levels and positively correlates with the severity of atopic dermatitis.
Validity S.T.O.N.E. nephrolithometry scoring to predict stone free status in kidney stone patients after percutaneous nephrolithotomy
Authors: Oka Anak Agung Gde , Dewi Anak Agung Ayu Oka Kusuma , Widiana I Gede Raka 
Published: November 2020

Background: Kidney stone still a health problem in the world. Today, the choice of therapeutic modality is also increasingly varied, percutaneous nephrolitotomy (PCNL) is still the first line for stone therapy with varying success rates, some high or low. Sometimes need additional measures such as extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL), retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) for the rest stone and good preventive behaviour are needed. This can be influenced by several risk factors, a risk factor predictor is required to get a high stone free rate in patients after PCNL.Methods: This research is a cross sectional retrospective study, we recorded 50 patients at the Medical Records Installation at Sanglah Education General Hospital in Denpasar since January 2018-November 2019 with kidney stones performed by PCNL, each patient will be calculated S.T.O.N.E Nephrolithometry score can be seen on CT Stonography and the presence or absence of stone after PCNL. The parameters of S.T.O.N.E Nephrolithometry are size, tract obstruction, number of calyces, essence. And calculated the best cut off, sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value, positive predictive value, and accuracy of the S.T.O.N.E Nephrolithometry score to predict stone free status after PCNL.Results: The best cut off value in this study is <9, where patients with S.T.O.N.E Nephrolithometry scoreÂ < 9 have a risk stone free after PCNL 25 (50%) patients, while the S.T.O.N.E Nephrolithometry score >9, has a risk of not being free and there are stones left Â 25 (50%) patients. S.T.O.N.E Nephrolithometry had % sensitivity 60.6%, specificity 70.6%, and 64 % accuracy in this study. Positive predictive value and negative predictive values were 80% and 48%.Conclusion: from this study the S.T.O.N.E Nephrolithometry score sensitively predicts stone free status in kidney stone patients after PCNL and can be used as a tool to education the patient before PCNL and therapy.
The small volume subcutaneous polyalkylimide injection-induced collagen capsule in rats: A preliminary study
Authors: Tanuwidjaja Teguh 
Published: November 2020

Background: Polyalkylimide is a permanent dermal filler that has been used for skin augmentation to ameliorate skin ageing. The massive volume injection has a higher risk of complication. This study aims to find collagen capsule formation by small volume polyalkylimide implantation.Â Â Methods: We used an experimental post-test only control group design. The control group received subcutaneous NaCl injection, and the treatment group received subcutaneous polyalkylimide injection 0.018 mL (equal 1 mL in the humans). After five weeks, all rats (Rattus norvegicus) strain Wistar were sacrificed. The skin samples were collected and proceed for histologic staining. Capsule thickness was performed as mean Â± SD.Â Â Â Â Â Results: The treatment group showed polyalkylimide mass in subcutaneous tissue, collagen fibres surrounding the polyalkylimide, and no inflammatory cells. The collagen capsule thickness was 7.45 Â± 0.78 Âµm.Conclusion: The small volume polyalkylimide subcutaneous injection-induced collagen capsule formation. The small volume implantation shows promising effects for skin augmentation.
The role of macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) in pediatric dengue infection at Sanglah Hospital, Bali, Indonesia
Authors: Utama I Made Gede Dwi Lingga , Agustini Ni Made Ayu 
Published: November 2020

Background:Â Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is known had pleiotropic properties particularly participating in inflammatory and immune responses. MIF has initially involved phagocytosis, spreading, and tumoricidal activity in macrophage. Recently, MIF was determined as a proinflammatory cytokine that has a pivotal role in viral infection such as dengue. This study aims to evaluate the role of MIF levels in patients with dengue infection at Sanglah General Hospital, Bali, IndonesiaMethods:Â A cross-sectional study was conducted among 48 children aged 1 to 12 years who hospitalized in the Children's Ward of Sanglah General Hospital, Bali, Indonesia, from August 2016 to July 2017. The respondents were divided into two groups: 24 children with a diagnosis of Dengue Shock Syndrome (DSS) (Group 1) and 24 non-DSS children. Data regarding age group, gender, obesity status, history of secondary infection, grading for dengue infection, and levels of MIF were assessed in this study. The MIF levels between both groups were evaluated and analyzed using SPSS version 23 for Mac.Â Results:Â Most of the patients were age > 5 years old in Non-DSS (87.5%) and DSS (54.2%) groups. However, females were predominant in the Non-DSS group (66.7%), but males in the DSS group (58.3%). The non-obesity history was more frequent in both Non-DSS (87.5%) and DSS (87.5%) groups. But, the history of secondary infection was more common in the DSS (70.8%) compared with a non-DSS group (37.5%). A significant difference in mean MIF levels was found between patients with DSS (102 (42.91-141.12) ng/ml) and non-DSS (24.85 (12.61-50.80) ng/ml) (p <0.001). MIF levels were significantly different between several degrees of dengue infection (P<0.05).Conclusions: Serum MIF levels in non-DSS patients significantly differ from MIF levels in DSS patients. MIF serum levels increase in accordance with the increasing degree of severity of dengue infection. This data shows that MIF has a role in the occurrence of severe dengue infection.
The effect of bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.) ethanol extract on tibia bone fracture healing in the Wistar strain rats (Rattus novergicus) based on radiological assessment, histopathology, and alkaline phosphatase levels
Authors: Rahman Safrizal , Maryatun Maryatun , Gan Alex Kurniawan 
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Fracture is one of the most common health problem cases in the community. The goal of treatment for fractures is to restore the condition of the bone to pre-injury condition. This research aims to obtain a novel treatment for fracture healing. Bitter melon is a plant that is easily found and widely consumed in Indonesia. According to previous research, Bitter melon extract (Momordica charantia L.) can accelerate bone growth and repair after a fracture.Method: Â In this study, parameters used to assed fracture healing were histological, radiological, and alkaline phosphatase levels. This study used Bitter melon extract with 70% ethanol. Research groups consist of 3 groups with different doses and 1 control group where each group consisted of 6 subjects. The dosage used is 200 mg/Kg BW (P1), 300 mg/Kg BW (P2), and 400 mg/Kg BW (P3). Before being treated the subjects underwent factorization procedure and then treated used using bandages and wooden sticks for immobilization of fracture segments. Furthermore, the subjects were given Bitter melon extract twice a day for 84 days. Then checked according to the parameters seen. The data obtained are quantitative data which will be tested for normality and homogeneity first, then ANOVA test.Result: Callus formation findings shows the P1 groups showed the highest mean of callus formation among treatment groups after induced by Bitter melon ethanol extract of 200 mg/kg BW The results of LSD test in alkali phosphatase parameter between groups showed significant differences between the P1 group with controls (p = 0.000), P2 with controls (p = 0.000), P3 with controls (p = 0.000), P3 with P1 (p = 0.000) and P3 with P2 (p = 0.021)Conclusion: There was a significant effect of the administration of bitter melon fruit extract on the formation of callus formation in animal model after osteotomy.