bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization and formulation of sunscreen from seaweed Padina australis and Euchema cottonii slurry
Authors: Nurjanah  , Suwandi R , Anwar E , Maharany F , Hidayat T 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Exposure of UV light can cause skin rashes and sunburn, stimulating the formation of melanin. Long term UV exposure also can cause skin cancer. One way that can reduce negative impact of UV exposure is by using sunscreen. The aims of this study were to obtained the best ratio of seaweed P. australis and E. cottonii slurry to produce sunscreen cream and as well as obtaining sunscreen formulation with good stability. Creams were formulated consist of cream with different ratio of seaweed P. autralis and E. cottonii slurry, i.e. A (control), B (1:1), C (2:1) and D (1:2). The commercial creams product also used as a comparator (KI and KII). The best ratio of P. australis and E. cottonii slurry was showed on cream B (1:1). Sunscreen creams have a good level stability, with no phase separation of dispersant and dispersed phase, and also no discoloration. Sunscreen creams have at least 1 year shelf life as there was no phase separation after centrifugal force at 3,800 rpm for 5 hours.
Collagen peptides from Pangasius fish skin as antioxidants
Authors: Azizah N , Ochiai Y , Nurilmala M 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Fish skin can be extracted and hydrolyzed into collagen peptide to enhance the antioxidant activity. The research objectives were to determine the characteristics of collagen peptides from pangasius fish skin as antioxidants. The fish skin was extracted and hydrolyzed using 2% Alcalase and fractionated using a molecular sieve membrane. The gelatin yield was 15.07±1.45% against the starting material. The pH value of gelatin was 4.76±0.02. SDS-PAGE showed β band 221.3 kDa, α1 band 137.1 kDa and α2 band 117.7 kDa. The hydrolysis of gelatin resulted in the degree of hydrolysis of 48.06±1.97% with Alcalase at 55°C for 180 min. The total antioxidant activity (TEAC) was calculated with ABTS assays. The TEAC values were 24.53±0.78 μmol TE/g for the gelatin, 44.40±0.13 μmol TE/g for the peptides, 45.07±0.12 μmol TE/g for the >30 kDa fraction, 45.85±0.04 μmol TE/g for the 10-30 kDa fraction, 45.93±0.04 μmol TE/g for the 3-10 kDa fraction, and 45.98±0.04 μmol TE/g for the <3 kDa fraction.
Identification and characterization of solid waste from Gracilaria sp. extraction
Authors: Basmal J , Munifah I , Rimmer M , Paul N 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The identification and characterization of chemical composition of solid agar extracted solid waste were carried out. The method used was to take samples randomly in several seaweed processing industries to analyze their chemical composition. The parameters tested included the micro-nutrient and macro-nutrient content, growth-stimulating hormone level, and ash contents. The results showed that solid waste from agar extraction consist of micronutrients such as: Cu (4.80 ppm), Fe (0.24 ppm), Zn (8.42 ppm), Mn (57.58 ppm), B (32.32 ppm) as well as the macronutrients such as: N (0.20%), P (0.12%), K (0.17%), C-organic (10.96%), Na (0.66%), Ca (0.61%), Mg (0.09%), CEC (13.5 me/100g), and N/C ratio of 54:7. Growth hormones auxins (191 ppm), gibberellin / GA3 (509.5 ppm), cytokinin-kinetin (244.5 ppm) and cytokinin-zeatin (70.5 ppm). The ash content was 60.19%, a slightly acidic pH of 6.3, diluted in cold water (11.67%) and hot water (23.17%) as well as in 1% sodium hydroxide solution (35.32%). Based on the results of identification and characterization, the solid waste of agar extraction was useful as a raw material for plant fertilizer.
The ratio of native and alien fish species in Buyan and Tamblingan lakes, Bali
Authors: Pertami N D , Tampubolon P A R P , Parawangsa I N Y , Persada P R G , Manangkalangi E , Syafei L S 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Buyan and Tamblingan lakes were often mentioned as twin lake because of its adjacent location. These two lakes were separated by approximately one-kilometer forest. Studies which recorded the fish species in those lakes were very limited so that a study was needed regarding that conditions as the initial step of management. This study aims to reveal and analyze the ratio of native and alien fish species which were found in Buyan and Tamblingan lakes, Bali. The fish sampling was held three times in different months at Buyan and Tamblingan lakes during 2017-2018, using a purposive sampling method. There were six locations sampling fish on each lake. It used experimental gill net with mesh size 0.5; 1.0; 1.5; 2.0; 2.5; 3.0; 3.5; 4.0 inches and trap. Three of the nine species that found in Buyan and Tamblingan lakes were native fish species. The ratio of native and non-indigenous fish caught in Buyan lake was bigger than from Tamblingan lake. Based on the length size of the most captured fish, the native fish of Osteochilus vittatus in Buyan lake was longer than Tamblingan, while the non-indigenous one, Poecillia reticulata had the same length size on the two lakes.
Characterization of refined carrageenan from Kappaphycus alvarezii extracted using marine fungi
Authors: Sulistiawati S , Ain N H , Uju  , Tarman K 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Carrageenan is a polysaccharide that widely used in food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, textile and printing industries as a coagulate agent, stabilizer, and gelling agent. The extraction of carrageenan usually is carried out by alkali treatment, but it may have toxic effect for the environment. Therefore, another extraction method is required to reduce the toxic effect from carrageenan. Carrageenan can also be extracted by using a cellulolytic enzyme. A natural cellulolytic enzyme can be produced from endophytic fungi. The objective of this research was to extract carrageenan using endophytic fungal cellulase and to evaluate the effect of fungal cellulase concentration and extraction time on the quality of carrageenan. The materials used in this research were marine endophytic fungus (EN) and dried seaweed Kappaphycus alvarezii. This research was conducted in three steps. The first step was cultivating of endophytic fungus (EN) in cellulose basal medium. The second step was cellulase extraction from endophytic fungus EN. The last step was extraction of carrageenan by cellulase endophytic fungus. The highest yield was obtained by added 1% of EN cellulase enzyme and extraction period for 3 hours. Characteristics of carrageenan in generally met the standard, but the gel strength and whiteness was still below the standard.
Application of end-point PCR technique to detect bacteria encoding tyrosine decarboxylase (TDC) gene in scombridae fish
Authors: Abdullah A , Nurilmala M , Budiarti A S 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Tuna, little tuna, and skipjack can form tyramine from decarboxylation of tyrosine by tyrosine decarboxylase (TDC) enzyme. High tyramine level in fish could cause toxicological effects. Early detection of the tyramine-forming bacteria by using DNA-based methods is needed for seafood safety assurance because it is more sensitive, specific, and faster. This study was aimed to obtain bacterial isolates, detection of TDC and 16S rRNA genes and identifying species of bacteria that encode TDC and 16S rRNA genes. The methods of this study included several steps including bacterial cultivation, DNA isolation and amplification of TDC and 16S rRNA gene markers as well as sequencing of amplicons. Bacterial DNA isolates were successfully obtained from samples by cultivation method. The TDC gene was successfully amplified and identified as belong to Carnobacterium genus, whereas the 16S rRNA gene belong to Enterobacter tabaci, E. hormaechei, Escherichia marmotae, and Peptoniphilus genus. The DNA-based method targeted tyrosine decarboxylase gene can be applied for early detection of biogenic amine accumulation in fishery products.
The effect of bait types on the catch of foldable dome fishing pots operated in Tuban regency
Authors: Ningtiyas SR , Rachman F , Setyobudi E , Djumanto  , Djasmani SS 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Foldable dome fishing pots are commonly used by fishermen in Tuban regency. A concern regarding that gear is the availability of trash fish as the common bait. Alternatively, chicken innard produced from local poultry industry could be used to substitute the bait due to its abundance. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect trash fish and chicken innard on the catch of the foldable dome fishing pots. The study was conducted in 10 days experimental fishing in October-December 2018 in Socorejo Village, Jenu District, Tuban regency, East Java, using 60 units of pots. The bait was placed in the middle of the pot. The catch were grouped based on types of bait. The length (cm), width (cm) and weight (gr) were measured for each type of fish or crab caught in the pots. Data were analyzed using t-test. The total catch of pots during the study consisted of octopus, fish, swimming crabs, other crabs, shellfish, snails and shrimp. The t-test shows that there is no significant effect between different baits on the catch of foldable dome fishing pots.
Quality of brine boiled Indian mackerel (Rastrelliger sp.) with different cooking methods and additions of liquid smoke
Authors: Pertiwi M D , Swastawati F , Amalia U 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Indian mackerel (Rastrelliger sp.) is an important commodity and widely processed into brine boiled fish involving salt in the process. Improper cooking process could reduce nutritional value including amino acids lysine. This study was aimed to process brine boiled fish with two different methods. Effects of concentration of liquid smoke and processing methods were evaluated. Brine boiled fish with the addition of 5% liquid smoke with steaming and boiling methods had higher levels of lysine (0.12% and 0,05% compared to brine boiled fish 0%). Brine boiled fish with the addition of 5% with steaming and boiling methods had higher levels of dissolved protein which were 0.08% and 0.06% compared to brine boiled fish 0%. Brine boiled fish 5% with the steaming method produced lower moisture content i.e 1.82%, and 1.18% compared to brine boiled fish 0%. The best quality brine boiled fish was obtained with the steaming method and the addition of 5% liquid smoke, produced 0.56% of lysine content, 0.65% of dissolved protein content and 72.43% of moisture content, and organoleptic value was 7.51 < µ < 7.99.
Potential risks of tuna fishing conducted in Indonesia’s waters and its impact on tuna and shark
Authors: Sadiyah L , Satria F , Hargiyatno I T , Widodo A A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Bigeye tuna (BET), yellowfin tuna (YFT) and skipjack tuna stocks in the Pacific Ocean, in general, are underfished. However, according to Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission (WCPFC) who is mandated to assess the fishing impact on tuna and bycatch, the fishing impact on BET juveniles (including from Indonesia) were identified as high level impact. Productivity-susceptibility analysis (PSA) was used to assess the risk of tuna and sharks. The objectives of this study were to identify the types of tuna fisheries operated in Indonesias water (FMAs 713-715) which harm tuna and sharks species. Result shows that tuna was mainly caught by purse seine, pole and line, and longline. Purse seine fishing has a higher impact than the pole and line and longline fishing. Blue shark, hammerhead shark and silky shark in particular whale shark were at risk due to purse seine fishing, without proper management. Information regarding their niches and seasonal migrating patterns are required for further studies.
Preliminary uncertainty analysis in fisheries – the case of two fisheries in Indonesia
Authors: Adrianto L , Aprilyanti D , Sitohang R M , Nurokhmah I 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Fisheries is a complex system which comprises two coupled and irreversible systems namely ecological system and social system. Moreover, these two systems have structural and functional integrity in which social or human system is part of ecological systems. Consequently, dynamics of these systems in the context of structural and functional interactions are high. In fisheries, this dynamics of interactions between intra and extra systems create uncertainty. This paper was aimed to explore the use of preliminary uncertainty analysis (PUA) in fisheries management in Indonesia using the comparison between two fisheries i.e. blue swimming crab fisheries and hairtail fisheries. From this paper we can reveal that magnitude of uncertainty in ecological system are lower than social/human system. In this regards a systematic ecosystem approach to fisheries management should be functionally adopted.
Increasing economic value of mondol and thorn stingray skin through the processing of commercial leather creative products
Authors: Sahubawa L , Pertiwiningrum A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The aim of the study was to compare the total economic value, added-value, consumer preferences and the superiority of commercial products developed from mondol and thorn stingray skins. The stingray skins were processed into wallet and women products and this processing increased the value of mondol and thorn sink up to 1,650,000 and IDR 2,300,000, respectively. Survey on customer preferences found that the model, colour, quality, price and purchasing power of commercial products from thorn stingray more preferred than those from mondol stingray. In conclusion, the commercial products from thorn stingray skin is better than those from mondol stingray.
Physiological response and quality of red tilapia Oreochromis sp. in the culture system using lemna (Lemna perpussila) as phytoremediator
Authors: Nirmala K , Widia L , Hastuti Y P , Nurussalam W , Fauzi I A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This study used Lemna as phytoremediator plant in red tilapia culture system and given as feed additive among treatments. The purpose of this study was to measure the production performance (quantity and quality) and physiological response of red tilapia. Study was conducted with two treatments: TL (without lemna) and L (with lemna) treatment. The results showed that L treatment gave the best result based on better feed convertion ratio. However there are no significant difference found in organoleptic test, growth performance, and blood cholersterol parameters. In addition, optimum water quality media that stimulated by lemna, can create a comfortable environmental conditions for red tilapia.
Evaluation of physiological responses and production performance of spiny lobster with different density treatments in floating net cage
Authors: Supriyono E , Lesmana D , Nirmala K , Adiyana K , Setyawidati N A R 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The weak in survival rates and low productivity of spiny lobster are influenced by stock density. Thus it is necessary to find the optimum stock density to minimize stress levels and increase productivity. This study was consisted of 2 treatments, consisting of a 25 individuals/m2 and 50 individuals/m2 with a sheltered environment. The research analysis used descriptive analysis. The lowest stress levels was found in treatment of 25 lobsters/m2 (cortisol 1.17±0.14 nmol/L and glucose level 8.34±0.5 mg/dL) and the highest weight gain (26.29±1.69%) as well as the specific growth rate (0.77±0.014%). However, the highest value of survival rate of spiny lobsters (95±0.03%) with lowest specific growth and weight gain was found in 50 lobsters/m2 treatments.
Experimental investigation of the passive control of unsteady cloud cavitation using miniature vortex generators (MVGs)
Authors: Kadivar Ebrahim , Timoshevskiy Mikhail , Pervunin Konstantin , Moctar Ould el 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The research is aimed at the study of a passive control method to control unsteady cloud cavitation that is characterized by regular shedding of large vapour structures from the solid surface of a cavitating immersible body. The unsteady cloud cavitation is an important subject of research because of its destructive impacts in various industrial applications, including ship propellers and rudders, pumping and hydraulic machinery systems. For this, we placed miniature vortex generators (MVGs) of a cylindrical type on the surface of a benchmark CAV2003 hydrofoil and investigated effects of these MVGs on the spatial structure of unsteady cavitation clouds. We analyzed the temporal and spatial cavity characteristics in comparison with those for the original hydrofoil (without MVGs) by means of high-speed imaging. In addition, we used a hydrophone to register the signal of pressure pulsations in time and thereby derive power spectra of the pressure pulsations. The results showed that the implemented cavitation control method is an effective tool to manage the unsteady behaviour of cloud cavitation and to mitigate the amplitude of pressure pulsations. It was revealed that, with this control approach, the large-scale cavitation clouds appear to be broken and only small-scale cavity structures are shed away from the hydrofoil surface. Moreover, a notable reduction in the cavitation-induced vibrations of the solid surface may be expected.
Vibration and acoustic emission monitoring of a centrifugal pump under cavitating operating conditions
Authors: Mousmoulis G , Yiakopoulos C , Kassanos I , Antoniadis I , Anagnostopoulos J 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Centrifugal pumps are widely used in industry and cover a significant percentage of the total energy consumption of a power plant. This fact makes the application of efficient maintenance tools to be of crucial importance and obliges researchers and engineers to develop reliable detection methods for special types of malfunction, such as cavitation. Cavitation is a hydrodynamic mechanism that affects the steady and dynamic operation of a pump and is usually responsible for its head and efficiency reduction, as also for premature wear and destruction of the impeller. The stochastic nature of the phenomenon and the complex flow characteristics, as well as the noise from the mechanical components of the pump complicates the detection of cavitation. For this reason the use of several sensors in combination with advanced signal processing techniques is often proposed for the successful identification of two phase flow in the signal obtained. In this study, a radial centrifugal pump is tested under various flowrates in order to derive its cavitation characteristic curves. At the same time, the signal obtained from various vibration and acoustic emission sensors is recorded. The sensors are located at the rolling bearings that support the overhung impeller, and close to the suction of the pump, where the static pressure takes its minimum value. Subsequently, by processing the digitized signals of all noise and vibration measurements both in time and frequency domains, it is possible to identify the appearance of cavitation. Finally, the results show that the position of the sensor and the acquisition characteristics undoubtedly affect the detection of cavitation.
Troubleshooting of Von Karman Induced Penstock Protection Valve Resonance at FMHL+
Authors: Nicolet C , Alligné S , Furrer M , Fischer D , Grognuz J , Chène O , Valluy B 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The FMHL power plant was originally a 240 MW pumped-storage power plant in Switzerland, put in operation in 1971 which installed capacity was extended to 480 MW in 2016 with maximal output power set to 420 MW including 60 MW as reserve. The significant increase of the total discharge of the power plant in generating mode from 32 m3/s at 240 MW to 57 m3/s at 420 MW might be critical due to the higher flow velocity throughout the different safety valves of the power plant. During commissioning, the discharge was increased stepwise from 32 to 57 m3/s while monitoring the vibration of the safety valves. Significant vibration amplitudes have been recorded at a frequency of 62.5 Hz on the penstock protection valve for a discharge of 43 m3/s. Von Karman vortex shedding induced resonance on the stiffener of the bi-plan valve obturator was then suspected. The paper presents troubleshooting of this resonance problem, where CFD and FEM investigations have been performed to define appropriate trailing edge modifications of the obturator stiffener plates able to significantly reduce the Von Karman dynamic lift coefficient and thus reduce drastically vibration amplitudes.
Axial check valve behaviour during flow reversal
Authors: Himr Daniel , Habán Vladimír , Závorka Dalibor 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
An ideal check valve is supposed to have a zero pressure loss when the flow rate direction is positive and a negative flow rate is not possible. A real check valve has a low pressure loss and it is possible to suppress negative flow (especially when the check valve is new) under steady conditions. The transition between the steady positive flow and zero flow is often connected with a water hammer, here called check valve slam. An experimental investigation of behaviour of the axial check valve disc during the flow reversal is described in this paper. A high-speed camera was used for the disc position observation and pictures are compared with pressure pulsations and the flow rate.
Dynamic response analysis of powerhouse under turbine pressure pulsation with different distributions and application methods
Authors: Ma Z Y , Ran Y C , Zhang H Z 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Hydraulic excitation oriented from the turbine is one of the main sources of vibration for hydropower plants. Under different operation conditions, the amplitude, frequency and phase of pressure pulsation are different. The pressure pulsation of spiral case belongs to non-stationary waves, including traveling waves and standing waves. In this paper the pressure pulsation distribution characteristics of the spiral case were discussed and two kinds of distributions were assumed. The dynamic response of the powerhouse structure was simulated with FEM model through harmonic response analysis and transient dynamic analysis and the sensitivity of the pressure behaviour on the structure’s response were presented. The time history responses were also calculated under different turbine loads with different amplitude and frequency. The conclusion is that the structure dynamic responses under the traveling or standing waves are all greater than that with uniform assumption. So the distribution characteristics of pressure pulsation should be reasonably simulated to the dynamic analysis of the concrete structure.
Numerical study of the Winter-Kennedy method for relative transient flow rate measurement
Authors: Baidar B , Nicolle J , Gandhi B K , Cervantes M J 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The Winter-Kennedy (WK) method is used to estimate relative flow rate using the differential pressure between two taps located at a radial section of a spiral casing (SC). It is widely used in index testing, for double regulated turbines optimization and sometimes for continuous discharge measurement in low head plants. This paper explores the possibility of using the WK method for relative transient flow rate measurements.
A numerical model of a Kaplan model turbine from the penstock to the distributor has been developed. Unsteady RANS simulations with k-ω SST turbulence model are performed. Previously conducted experiments on the model turbine are used to validate the numerical results. In the simulations, the guide vanes (GVs) are closed from 26.5°, the best efficient point (BEP), to about 5° opening angle. Two azimuthal locations of the SC and four different WK configurations at each location are considered. The variation of the WK coefficients with time are investigated and compared to the ones at several stationary GV angles. The results showed a difference between the WK coefficients obtained at transient and stationary operations. However, there may be a possibility of using the WK method during transients by locating the pressure taps in appropriate locations for an acceptable variation of the WK coefficient from its BEP value.