bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative assessment of von Willebrand factor multimers vs activity for von Willebrand disease using modern contemporary methodologies
Authors: Favaloro Emmanuel J. , Oliver Susan , Mohammed Soma , Vong Ronny 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIntroductionDiagnosis of von Willebrand disease (VWD) is challenging due to heterogeneity of VWD and test limitations. Many von Willebrand factor (VWF) assays are utilized, including antigen (Ag), activity and multimer analysis. Activity assays include ristocetin cofactor using platelets (VWF:RCo) or other particles incorporating recombinant glycoprotein I (‘VWF:GPIbR’), or other GPI binding assays using gain‐of‐function mutations (‘VWF:GPIbM’), or collagen binding (VWF:CB).AimTo comparatively evaluate modern contemporary VWF activity assays vs VWF multimer analysis using modern contemporary methods.Materials and methodsSeveral VWF activity assays (VWF:RCo, VWF:GPIbR, VWF:GPIbM, VWF:CB) assessed (typically as a ratio against VWF:Ag) against a new semi‐automated procedure for different types of VWD (1, 3, 2A, 2B, 2M), plus control material (n = 580). The evaluation also focussed on relative loss of high and very high molecular weight multimers (HMWM and VHMWM) by densitometric scanning.ResultsAll evaluated VWF activity/Ag ratios showed high correlation to the presence/absence of HMWM and VHMWM, although VWF:CB/Ag and VWF:GPIbR/Ag ratios using an automated chemiluminescence method yielded highest correlation coefficients (r = .909 and .874, respectively, for HMWM). Use of the investigative procedure (VHMWM) identified fewer false positives for ‘loss’ in type 1 VWD.ConclusionsThis comparative investigation identified that new automated chemiluminescence VWF activity assays best identified relative loss or presence of HMWM and VHMWM according to activity to Ag ratios and an alternative investigative method for identifying VHMWM in multimer testing for a new commercial multimer method may lead to fewer false identifications of HMW loss in type 1 VWD.
Selecting environmental psychology theories to predict people’s consumption intention of locally produced organic foods
Authors: Chen Mei‐Fang 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis study examines which of the three environmental psychology theories (i.e., the combined value‐belief‐norm (VBN) and the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) model, VBN model or TPB model) can effectively explain and predict people's consumption intention of locally produced organic foods (OFs). This study collected 775 valid self‐reported questionnaires in Taiwan to examine the environmental psychology theories. A comparison of a series of structural equation modelling analyses revealed that the explanatory powers of the combined model and the TPB model can explain approximately as high as 47% of the variation in people's consumption intention of locally produced OFs; however, the VBN model can only explain 14% of the variation. Furthermore, the results indicated that people's attitude towards the consumption of locally produced OFs and perceived behavioural control determine the consumption intention of locally produced OFs. This result can be further explained through a causal chain: from an individual's stable value orientations (i.e., egoistic, altruistic, and biospheric) and environment general beliefs (new environmental paradigm) to the beliefs that their actions may affect the environment (awareness of consequences beliefs) and beliefs that the individual has responsibility to reduce this threat (ascription of responsibility beliefs). Given the same explanatory power, selecting the TPB model or the combined model depends on whether the aim is to effectively predict sustainable food consumption intention such as locally produced OFs or to comprehensively understand the antecedents and consequences of people's consumption intention of sustainable food.
Circular RNA YAP1 acts as the sponge of microRNA‐21‐5p to secure HK‐2 cells from ischaemia/reperfusion‐induced injury
Authors: Huang Tao , Cao Yanwei , Wang Hongyang , Wang Qinghai , Ji Jianlei , Sun Xiaoxia , Dong Zhen 
Published: March 2020

AbstractCircular RNA YAP1 (circYAP1) was reported to participate in progression of gastric cancer. However, the role of circYAP1 in acute kidney injury (AKI) remains obscure. We attempted to examine the effects of circYAP1 on ischaemia/reperfusion‐stimulated renal injury. AKI model was established by treating HK‐2 cells in ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) environment. CircYAP1 expression in blood of AKI patients and I/R‐treated HK‐2 cells was evaluated via RT‐qPCR. CCK‐8, flow cytometry, ELISA and ROS assay were executed to test the impact of circYAP1 on cell viability, apoptosis, inflammatory cytokines and ROS generation. Bioinformatic analysis was executed to explore miRNA targets. The relativity between circYAP1 and miR‐21‐5p was verified by RT‐qPCR and luciferase assay. The functions of miR‐21‐5p in I/R‐triggered injury were reassessed. PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway was detected by Western blot. Down‐regulated circYAP1 was observed in AKI blood samples and I/R‐treated HK‐2 cells. CircYAP1 overexpression expedited cell growth and weakened secretion of inflammatory factors and ROS generation in I/R‐disposed cells. Besides, we found circYAP1 could sponge to miR‐21‐5p. Interestingly, miR‐21‐5p overexpression overturned the repressive effects of circYAP1 on cell injury. Moreover, PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway was activated by circYAP1 via inhibiting miR‐21‐5p. We demonstrated that circYAP1 activated PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and secured HK‐2 cells from I/R injury via sponging miR‐21‐5p.
Gene signatures based on therapy responsiveness provide guidance for combined radiotherapy and chemotherapy for lower grade glioma
Authors: Li Guangqi , Jiang Yuanjun , Lyu Xintong , Cai Yiru , Zhang Miao , Li Guang , Qiao Qiao 
Published: March 2020

AbstractFor a long time, the guidance for adjuvant chemoradiotherapy for lower grade glioma (LGG) lacks instructions on the application timing and order of radiotherapy (RT) and chemotherapy. We, therefore, aimed to develop indicators to distinguish between the different beneficiaries of RT and chemotherapy, which would provide more accurate guidance for combined chemoradiotherapy. By analysing 942 primary LGG samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) databases, we trained and validated two gene signatures (Rscore and Cscore) that independently predicted the responsiveness to RT and chemotherapy (Rscore AUC = 0.84, Cscore AUC = 0.79) and performed better than a previous signature. When the two scores were combined, we divided patients into four groups with different prognosis after adjuvant chemoradiotherapy: RSCS (RT‐sensitive and chemotherapy‐sensitive), RSCR (RT‐sensitive and chemotherapy‐resistant), RRCS (RT‐resistant and chemotherapy‐sensitive) and RRCR (RT‐resistant and chemotherapy‐resistant). The order and dose of RT and chemotherapy can be adjusted more precisely based on this patient stratification. We further found that the RRCR group exhibited a microenvironment with significantly increased T cell inflammation. In silico analyses predicted that patients in the RRCR group would show a stronger response to checkpoint blockade immunotherapy than other patients.
The relationship between optimism and job satisfaction for Chinese specialist nurses: A serial‐multiple mediation model
Authors: Zhang Ting , Wei Qiang , Ma Shao‐yong , Li Hui‐ping 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAimThis study aimed to examine the relationship between optimism, core self‐evaluations, positive coping strategies, and job satisfaction for Chinese specialist nurses.MethodsA cross‐sectional design was used. Two hundred and seventy‐eight Chinese specialist nurses answered the Chinese Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire, the Chinese Revised Life Orientation Test, the Chinese Core Self‐Evaluations Scale, and the Chinese Simplified Coping Style Scale. Descriptive analysis, independent‐sample T‐tests, one‐way analysis of variance, Pearson correlation analyses, and bootstrap method were conducted to analyze data.ResultsTotal effect (c = 0.860, SE = 0.143, 95% CI 0.579–1.142) of optimism on job satisfaction was significant. The path through single mediation of core self‐evaluations (point estimate = 0.165; 95% CI 0.041–0.318), the path through the single mediation of positive coping (point estimate = 0.124; 95% CI 0.042–0.254), and the path through both mediators (point estimate = 0.033; 95% CI 0.005–0.085) were all statistically significant. The total indirect effect was also statistically significant (point estimate = 0.322; 95% CI 0.151–0.535).ConclusionsThis study concluded that optimism was first sequentially associated with core self‐evaluations and then associated with positive coping strategies, which was in turn related to job satisfaction of Chinese specialist nurses. Clinical nursing administrators should take measures that focus on improving specialist nurse job satisfaction to further improve their retention rates.
End‐to‐end image analysis pipeline for liquid‐phase electron microscopy
Authors: MARCHELLO G. , DE PACE C. , DURO‐CASTANO A. , BATTAGLIA G. , RUIZ‐PÉREZ L. 
Published: March 2020

SummaryLiquid phase transmission electron microscopy allows the imaging of materials in liquid environments. The sample is encapsulated within electron‐beam transparent windows and hence protected by the ultrahigh vacuum necessary within the electron gun. Such an approach allows to study biological and soft materials in their natural environment and offers the possibility of accessing their dynamic nature. Yet, the electron beam scattering from the windows and solvent increases the image noise and blur. Herein, we propose a pipeline to both de‐noise and sharpen images obtained by liquid transmission electron microscopy. We develop the workflow in a way that it does not require any human interference, nor introduce artefacts, but actually unveils features of the imaged samples covered by the noise and the blur.Lay DescriptionTransmission Electron Microscopy TEM is one of the most powerful techniques for structural determination at the nanoscale, with the ability to image matter down to the atomic level. TEM is only possible by keeping the electron beam under high vacuum in order to avoid undesired scattering events in the beam path. High vacuum means that the TEM samples must conventionally be in solid‐state. Thus, samples in liquid form or containing liquids, like water, need special preparation techniques which tend to alter the structure and chemical nature of the sample. Such alterations are particularly critical for biological and soft organic materials where the structures are controlled by the presence of water and/or other liquids. The development of new cameras, materials and sample holders have made possible for TEM to be performed on liquid samples. Liquid Phase Transmission Electron Microscopy (LTEM) offers the possibility to investigate nanoscopic structures in liquid state and monitor dynamic processes. However important limitations come from the liquid nature of samples in the imaging process such as the low contrast afforded by organic and biological materials and additional noise and blur introduced by the liquid sample and its thickness. Existing image analysis algorithms for TEM result inadequate for LTEM. The end‐to‐end image analysis method herein has the ability to recover the original images together with their sharpness, without introducing any artefacts. The proposed algorithms offer the great advantage of unveiling image details which are not usually seen during imaging, thus allowing a better understanding of the nature, structure and ultimately the function of the investigated structures. The fully automatised analysis method allows to efficiently process dozens of images in few hours, improving dramatically the performance of LTEM imaging
The incudopetrosal joint of the human middle ear: a transient morphology in fetuses
Authors: Rodríguez‐Vázquez José Francisco , Yamamoto Masahito , Kim Ji Hyun , Jin Zhe‐Wu , Katori Yukio , Murakami Gen 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn spite of the amount of research on fetal development of the human middle ear and ear ossicles, there has been no report showing a joint between the short limb of incus and the otic capsule or petrous part of the temporal bone. According to observations of serial histological sections from 65 embryos and fetuses at 7–17 weeks of development, the incudopetrosal joint exhibited a developmental sequence similar to the other joints of ossicles, with an appearance of an interzone followed by a trilaminar configuration at 7–12 weeks, a joint cavitation at 13–15 weeks and development of intraarticular and capsular ligaments at 16–17 weeks. These processes occurred at the same time or slightly later than any other joint. Thus, the joint development might coordinate with vibrating ossicles in utero. The growing short limb of incus appeared to accelerate an expansion of the epitympanic recess of the tympanic cavity. Additional observations of five late‐stage fetuses demonstrated the incudopetrosal joint located in the fossa incudis joint changing to syndesmosis. Consequently, a real joint with a cavity existed transiently between the human neurocranium and the first pharyngeal arch derivative (i.e. incus) in contrast to the tympanostapedial joint or syndesmosis between the neurocranium and the second arch derivative. The newly described joint might have an effect on the widely accepted primary jaw concept: the mammalian jaw should thus have been created within the first pharyngeal arch, although the connection with neurocranium by the stapes is of a different origin.
Narratives of patient participation in haemodialysis
Authors: Andersen‐Hollekim Tone , Solbjør Marit , Kvangarsnes Marit , Hole Torstein , Landstad Bodil J. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAim and objectiveTo explore how working‐age adults experience patient participation in hospital haemodialysis.BackgroundEnd‐stage kidney disease is a progressive, chronic condition imposing patients with high treatment burdens and low health‐related quality of life. Patients face multiple medical decisions related to living with kidney failure. Given their frequent interaction with health services, patient participation may be of special value.DesignQualitative design with a narrative approach.MethodsIn 2018, eleven patients aged 35–64 years undergoing hospital haemodialysis participated in individual interviews. All interviews were analysed using a narrative approach. Reporting followed the Consolidated criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research guidelines.FindingsThe patients’ narratives of participation comprised three themes following their healthcare trajectory: Informed, but not involved in treatment choices; Duality of care and control; and Frail trust reflecting collaborative deficiencies. The patients received good information about dialysis, but were not involved in choice of treatment modality. Professional work, as well as the nature of treatment, contributed to restricted patient autonomy. Patients’ trust suffered from collaborative deficiency generating delays in their treatment trajectories, and patients extended their responsibility into the coordination of transitions as a way of coping with these issues.ConclusionsThe study identified challenges related to patient involvement and interdisciplinary collaboration. Involving patients through dialogue and acknowledging their experiences, preferences and lifestyles may strengthen the mutual patient–professional understanding of treatment. Despite increased focus on seamless trajectories, patients face obstacles regarding interdisciplinary collaboration and coordination of health services.Relevance to clinical practiceThe findings indicate a want of individually customised care for people requiring dialysis. Patients need to be involved in the choice of treatment modality as well as decisions related to the current treatment. Information must include potential consequences of the different treatment modalities. Health services need to strengthen collaboration in order to secure treatment continuity and patient involvement.
Everyday life experiences of close relatives of people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis receiving home mechanical ventilation—A qualitative study
Authors: Winther Dorte , Kirkegaard Lorenzen Charlotte , Dreyer Pia 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAims and objectivesTo explore everyday life experience of relatives of people with amytrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) living at home with mechanical ventilation and formal caregivers.BackgroundALS is a rapidly progressive disease affecting not only the patient but also close relatives. A burden is placed on relatives affecting their mental and physical health in settings where they provide care. Few studies have examined the everyday life challenges of close relatives with formal caregivers at home and home mechanical ventilation, which often prolongs survival.DesignWe undertook a qualitative study with a phenomenological‐hermeneutic approach inspired by Ricoeur. Eleven close relatives were interviewed, and the three‐level analysis method developed by Dreyer and Pedersen was conducted. The Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research checklist was used.ResultsFour themes were derived from the data during analysis: Vulnerable relatives fighting to keep track of everything, Formal caregivers—a distressing relief, A prison without personal space and We are in this together until the end.ConclusionsClose relatives of persons with ALS are burdened with everyday life challenges despite having formal caregivers at home, and they feel imprisoned. Despite these challenges and concerns about the end of life of their relative, they stay until the end.Relevance to clinical practiceThere is clearly a need to investigate interventions in clinical practice supporting close relatives to prepare them for what to expect during a prolonged disease course.
Increasing dietary sodium chloride promotes urine dilution and decreases struvite and calcium oxalate relative supersaturation in healthy dogs and cats
Authors: Queau Yann , Bijsmans Esther S. , Feugier Alexandre , Biourge Vincent C. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractUrolithiasis is highly prevalent in dogs and cats, with struvite and calcium oxalate being most commonly diagnosed. Some commercial diets aimed at reducing the risk of urolithiasis are based on inclusion of sodium chloride (NaCl) in an attempt to dilute the urine and the risk of crystallization, but more information on the effect of differing levels of sodium inclusion is needed. The objective of this study was to compare the short‐term effect of four diets differing only in NaCl content (base diet with 0.3% sodium and diets with added NaCl to achieve 0.7, 1.0 and 1.3% sodium as fed) on urinary ion concentrations and relative supersaturation (RSS) of struvite and calcium oxalate in dogs and cats. In both species, there was a significant increase in water intake and urine volume as dietary NaCl increased. Urine sodium concentration increased with increasing dietary NaCl. The highest sodium diet increased urinary calcium excretion in dogs only, while decreasing urinary calcium concentration. Calcium oxalate RSS and struvite RSS both significantly decreased, with the lowest RSS values reported on the highest sodium diet in both dogs and cats (p < .001). These results suggest that an increase in dietary NaCl decreases RSS values in both dogs and cats. Despite an increase in urinary calcium excretion in dogs, urinary calcium concentration and calcium oxalate RSS were lower on high sodium diets due to urine dilution. Long‐term studies are needed to confirm the relationship between RSS and stone occurrence and recurrence.
Debridement, Antibiotics, and Implant Retention for Acute Periprosthetic Joint Infection
Authors: Zhang Chao‐fan , He Long , Fang Xin‐yu , Huang Zi‐da , Bai Guo‐chang , Li Wen‐bo , Zhang Wen‐ming 
Published: March 2020

ObjectiveTo report on our clinical outcomes and on the experience of managing acute periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) with debridement, antibiotics, and implant retention (DAIR).MethodsWe performed a retrospective review of all patients who were diagnosed with acute PJI after primary hip or knee replacement surgeries and who were managed with DAIR in our prospective joint replacement registry from 2008 to 2019. The diagnosis of PJI was made according to the 2011 Musculoskeletal Infection Society (MSIS) criteria. The symptom onset duration, inflammatory marker levels (i.e. C‐reactive protein [CRP], erythrocyte sedimentation rate [ESR], white cell count [WBC], and synovial WBC count), functional scores including the Knee Society Score (KSS), the KSS functional score and the Harris Hip Score (HHS), bacteriology, and surgical outcomes of the patients were tracked and recorded. A paired sample of joint fluid and tissues was also sent for a metagenomic next‐generation sequencing (mNGS) test. A paired‐samples t‐test was used to compare the differences in the inflammatory markers and functional scores before and after surgery.ResultsA total of 24 patients with 7 infections after hip replacements and 17 infections after knee replacements were included. A total of 21 patients exhibited early postoperative infections, and 3 exhibited late acute hematogenous infections. During a mean follow‐up time of 29.2 ± 15.1 months, 22 patients were successfully treated, whereas 2 patients were unsuccessfully treated and required repeated DAIR. The overall success rate of DAIR was 91.7%. For staphylococcal infections, DAIR had a 100% success rate. Five patients who presented with symptoms between 4 and 8 weeks also achieved a 100% success rate. At the last follow‐up, the mean CRP level decreased from 52.6 ± 34.0 to 5.4 ± 3.5 (P < 0.001), and the mean ESR level decreased from 72.3 ± 34.3 to 20.2 ± 12.1 (P < 0.001). The mean KSS score increased from 44.8 ± 12.2 to 81.4 ± 9.2 (P < 0.001), and the mean KSS functional score increased from 38.1 ± 3.5 to 73.9 ± 23.0 (P < 0.001), and the mean HHS score increased from 34.4 ± 6.9 to 84.1 ± 15.1 (P < 0.001). The overall pathogen identification rate was 91.7% (22/24 cases). The success rates for Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, and the other pathogens were 100% (9/9 cases), 71.4% (5/7 cases), and 100% (6/6 cases), respectively.ConclusionDebridement, antibiotics, and implant retention has a high success rate for the treatment of acute PJI and may be performed in selected patients whose symptoms have been sustained for over 4 weeks. A high rate of success for staphylococcal infections was reported with the use of DAIR.
Hypophosphatemic rickets: A rare complication of congenital melanocytic nevus syndrome
Authors: Welfringer‐Morin Anne , Pinto Graziella , Baujat Geneviève , Vial Yoann , Hadj‐Rabia Smail , Bodemer Christine , Boccara Olivia 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWe report the case of a child who presented with a giant melanocytic nevus with numerous satellite nevi at birth and developed hypophosphatemic rickets due to excessive secretion of the FGF23 hormone. A NRAS c.182A>G (Q61R) mutation was identified in the lesional skin. The functional outcome was favorable with medical treatment.