bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A new concept of QM-models and truth in quantum mechanics (QM), the new hybrid-epistemic model of QM and its observer independence, the proof of the invalidity of no-go theorems
Authors: Souček Jiří 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
We define a concept of a QM-model. The true theorem in QM is a statement which is true in all QM-models. In some QM-models the Bell’s theorem can be proved (e.g. in the standard model of QM) while in other QM-models the Bell’s theorem cannot be proved (e.g. in the hybrid-epistemic model of QM). The same situation is true when other no-go theorems are considered. Thus no-go theorems are not true in QM and the proof of the non-locality of QM is invalid.
Then the axiomatic definition of the hybrid-epistemic (HE) model of QM is presented in all details. At the end the recent proof of the inconsistency of the standard QM-model is discussed.
Our main program is to start the axiomatic study of QM (in the sense of the Hilbert’s sixth problem), to prove the invalidity of no-go theorems and to identify the right (acceptable) QM-model.
Soliton surfaces induced by the Fokas-Lenells equation
Authors: Yesmakhanova Kuralay , Zhassybayeva Meruyert , Myrzakulov Ratbay 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In this paper, we study the application of the theory of solitons in differential geometry. The recently proposed soliton equation, which is Fokas-Lenells equation, has been investigated, and its two-dimensional soliton surface in the three-dimensional Euclidean space (R2
! R3) has been constructed. Thus the connection between the Fokas-Lenells equation and the surface was established by using the Sym-Tafel formula. We find the first and the second quadratic forms, surface area, and Gaussian curvature. The obtained results have various applications in mathematical physics, the geometry of curves and the theory of surfaces.
Testosterone and semen seasonality for the sand tiger shark Carcharias taurus†
Authors: Wyffels Jennifer T , George Robert , Adams Lance , Adams Cayman , Clauss Tonya , Newton Alisa , Hyatt Michael W , Yach Christopher , Penfold Linda M 
Published: December 2019

AbstractUnderstanding the fundamental reproductive biology of a species is the first step toward identifying parameters that are critical for reproduction and for the development of assisted reproductive techniques. Ejaculates were collected from aquarium (n = 24) and in situ (n = 34) sand tiger sharks Carcharias taurus. Volume, pH, osmolarity, sperm concentration, motility, status, morphology, and plasma membrane integrity were assessed for each ejaculate. Semen with the highest proportion of motile sperm was collected between April and June for both in situ and aquarium sand tiger sharks indicating a seasonal reproductive cycle. Overall, 17 of 30 semen samples collected from aquarium sharks from April through June contained motile sperm compared to 29 of 29 of in situ sharks, demonstrating semen quality differences between aquarium and in situ sharks. Sperm motility, status, morphology, and plasma membrane integrity were significantly higher (P &lt; 0.05) for in situ compared to aquarium sand tiger sharks. Testosterone was measured by an enzyme immunoassay validated for the species. Testosterone concentration was seasonal for both aquarium and in situ sharks with highest concentrations measured in spring and lowest in summer. In situ sharks had higher (P &lt; 0.05) testosterone concentration in spring than aquarium sharks. This study demonstrated annual reproduction with spring seasonality for male sand tiger sharks through marked seasonal differences in testosterone and semen production. Lower testosterone and poorer semen quality was observed in aquarium sharks likely contributing to the species’ limited reproductive success in aquariums.
Homozygous mutation of foxh1 arrests oogenesis causing infertility in female Nile tilapia†
Authors: Tao Wenjing , Shi Hongjuan , Yang Jing , Diakite Hamidou , Kocher Thomas D , Wang Deshou 
Published: December 2019

AbstractFoxh1, a member of fox gene family, was first characterized as a transcriptional partner in the formation of the Smad protein complex. Recent studies have shown foxh1 is highly expressed in the cytoplasm of oocytes in both tilapia and mouse. However, its function in oogenesis remains unexplored. In the present study, foxh1−/− tilapia was created by CRISPR/Cas9. At 180 dah (days after hatching), the foxh1−/− XX fish showed oogenesis arrest and a significantly lower GSI. The transition of oocytes from phase II to phase III and follicle cells from one to two layers was blocked, resulting in infertility of the mutant. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that expression of genes involved in estrogen synthesis and oocyte growth were altered in the foxh1−/− ovaries. Loss of foxh1 resulted in significantly decreased Cyp19a1a and increased Cyp11b2 expression, consistent with significantly lower concentrations of serum estradiol-17β (E2) and higher concentrations of 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT). Moreover, administration of E2 rescued the phenotypes of foxh1−/− XX fish, as indicated by the appearance of phase III and IV oocytes and absence of Cyp11b2 expression. Taken together, these results suggest that foxh1 functions in the oocytes to regulate oogenesis by promoting cyp19a1a expression, and therefore estrogen production. Disruption of foxh1 may block the estrogen synthesis and oocyte growth, leading to the arrest of oogenesis and thus infertility in tilapia.
Mouse t-complex protein 11 is important for progressive motility in sperm†
Authors: Castaneda Julio M , Miyata Haruhiko , Archambeault Denise R , Satouh Yuhkoh , Yu Zhifeng , Ikawa Masahito , Matzuk Martin M 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe t-complex is defined as naturally occurring variants of the proximal third of mouse chromosome 17 and has been studied by mouse geneticists for decades. This region contains many genes involved in processes from embryogenesis to sperm function. One such gene, t-complex protein 11 (Tcp11), was identified as a testis-specific gene whose protein is present in elongating spermatids. Later work on Tcp11 localized TCP11 to the sperm surface and acrosome cap and implicated TCP11 as important for sperm capacitation through the cyclic AMP/Protein Kinase A pathway. Here, we show that TCP11 is cytoplasmically localized to elongating spermatids and absent from sperm. In the absence of Tcp11, male mice have severely reduced fertility due to a significant decrease in progressively motile sperm; however, Tcp11-null sperm continues to undergo tyrosine phosphorylation, a hallmark of capacitation. Interestingly, null sperm displays reduced PKA activity, consistent with previous reports. Our work demonstrates that TCP11 functions in elongated spermatids to confer proper motility in mature sperm.
Accelerated ovarian reserve depletion in female anti-Müllerian hormone knockout mice has no effect on lifetime fertility†
Authors: Guo Ruikang , Pankhurst Michael W 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) inhibits the activation of primordial follicles in the ovary. This causes an increased rate of ovarian reserve depletion in Amh−/− mice. The depletion of the ovarian reserve is responsible for the onset of menopause but age-related infertility occurs in advance of ovarian reserve depletion. To determine whether accelerated loss of primordial follicles leads to earlier onset infertility, Amh−/− and Amh+/+ females were paired with Amh+/+ stud males and birth rates were recorded across the females’ reproductive lifespan. The number of primordial follicles remaining in the ovaries of Amh−/− and Amh+/+ females were quantified in two cohorts at 11–12 and 12–13 months of age. As expected, the ovarian reserve in the Amh−/− females became depleted approximately 1 month earlier than Amh+/+ females. However, no difference was observed in the cumulative number of births over the lifespan, nor were there any differences in mean littersize at any age. It is possible that the reproductive lifespan of mice is too short for sufficient divergence of primordial follicles numbers to cause differences in Amh−/− and Amh+/+ female fertility. An alternative explanation contradicts current thinking; the function of AMH may be unrelated to the longevity of the reproductive lifespan in female mice.
HPTLC Separation of a Hepatoprotective Combination in Pharmaceutical Formulation and Human Plasma
Authors: Magdy Maimana A , Abdelfatah Rehab M 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
A binary mixture of Silymarin (SR) and Vitamin E (VE) acetate, of an antioxidant and a hepatoprotective effect, has been analyzed using a sensitive, selective and economic high performance thin layer chromatographic (HPTLC) method in their pure forms, pharmaceutical formulation and spiked human plasma. SR and VE were separated on 60F254 silica gel plates using hexane:acetone:formic acid (7:3:0.15, v/v/v) as a developing system with UV detection at 215 nm. The method was evaluated for linearity, accuracy, precision, selectivity, limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ). SR and VE were detected in the linear range of 0.2–2.5 and 0.2–4.5 μg/band, respectively. Method validation was done as per ICH guidelines and acceptable results of accuracy of 99.86 ± 1.190 and 100.22 ± 1.609 for SR and VE, respectively were obtained. The method has been successfully applied for determination of the studied drugs in their pharmaceutical formulation without any interference from excipients, and in spiked plasma samples. Results obtained by the developed HPTLC-densitometric method were statistically compared to those obtained by the reported HPLC methods and no significant difference was found between them.
Framing Lars von Trier’s Medea
Authors: Giannopoulou Zina 
Published: December 2019

AbstractLars von Trier’s Medea renders on the silver screen Carl Th. Dreyer’s unrealized script from Euripides’ play. Von Trier considers Dreyer one of his greatest cinematic influences and fashions his film as a ‘personal interpretation and homage to the master’. Two prominent narrative features of Dreyer’s cinematic oeuvre are a cause/effect logic and parallelism, which create formally rigid and closed worlds governed by an abstract, impersonal order. Von Trier applies these features especially to the frame of Medea in order to enhance the theodicy of Euripides’ tragedy and Dreyer’s adaptation of it. He also plays games of cinematic reflexivity in conscious or unconscious competition with Dreyer. Finally, his directorial virtuosity manifests itself most spectacularly in the editing of the film’s frame, which arranges the segments of the prologue and the epilogue so as to engage reception as a temporal activity rooted in the past, undertaken in the present, and directed to the future.
Folic acid supplementation reduces multigenerational sperm miRNA perturbation induced by in utero environmental contaminant exposure
Authors: Herst P M , Dalvai M , Lessard M , Charest P L , Navarro P , Joly-Beauparlant C , Droit A , Trasler J M , Kimmins S , MacFarlane A J , Benoit-Biancamano M-O , Bailey J L 
Published: December 2019

AbstractPersistent organic pollutants (POPs) can induce epigenetic changes in the paternal germline. Here, we report that folic acid (FA) supplementation mitigates sperm miRNA profiles transgenerationally following in utero paternal exposure to POPs in a rat model. Pregnant founder dams were exposed to an environmentally relevant POPs mixture (or corn oil) ± FA supplementation and subsequent F1–F4 male descendants were not exposed to POPs and were fed the FA control diet. Sperm miRNA profiles of intergenerational (F1, F2) and transgenerational (F3, F4) lineages were investigated using miRNA deep sequencing. Across the F1–F4 generations, sperm miRNA profiles were less perturbed with POPs+FA compared to sperm from descendants of dams treated with POPs alone. POPs exposure consistently led to alteration of three sperm miRNAs across two generations, and similarly one sperm miRNA due to POPs+FA; which was in common with one POPs intergenerationally altered sperm miRNA. The sperm miRNAs that were affected by POPs alone are known to target genes involved in mammary gland and embryonic organ development in F1, sex differentiation and reproductive system development in F2 and cognition and brain development in F3. When the POPs treatment was combined with FA supplementation, however, these same miRNA-targeted gene pathways were perturbed to a lesser extend and only in F1 sperm. These findings suggest that FA partially mitigates the effect of POPs on paternally derived miRNA in a intergenerational manner.
Patterns of Home Environmental Modification Use and Functional Health: The Women’s Health Initiative
Authors: Welti Laura M , Beavers Kristen M , Mampieri Annie , Rapp Stephen R , Ip Edward , Shumaker Sally A , Beavers Daniel P 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Background
We examined common patterns of home environmental modification (HEM) use and associated major (including disability-, cardiovascular-, and cancer-related) health conditions and events among older women.

Methods
Women, aged 78.6 ± 6.3 years (n = 71,257), self-reported utilization of nine types of HEMs (hand rails, grab bars, ramps, nonslip surfaces, tacking carpets/rugs, decreasing clutter, increasing lighting, raised sink/counter heights, other). Concurrent history of major health conditions and events was collected. Odds ratios (ORs) were estimated based on overall HEM use and four latent classes (low HEM use [56%], rails/grab bars [20%], lighting/decluttering [18%], high HEM use [5%]), adjusted for age, marital status, race/ethnicity, education, depression, and obesity.

Results
Fifty-five percent of women reported using any HEM (overall), with strongest associations among disability-related conditions. Activities of daily living limitations were strongly associated with high HEM use (OR = 8.16, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 6.62–10.05), railing/grab bar use (OR = 4.02, 95% CI = 3.26–4.95), and lighting/declutter use (OR = 1.87, 95% CI = 1.40–2.50) versus low HEM use. Recent falls were positively associated with overall HEM use (OR = 1.79, 95% CI = 1.72–1.87); high HEM use (OR = 2.89, 95% CI = 2.64–3.16), railings/grab bars use (OR = 2.32, 95% CI = 2.18–2.48), and lighting/declutter use (OR = 1.93, 95% CI = 1.79–2.08) were positively associated with recent falls. Modest associations were observed between HEM use and select (ie, atrial fibrillation, heart valve disease, stroke) cardiovascular outcomes.

Conclusions
Among older women, disability-related conditions, including functional limitations and recent falls, were strongly associated with overall HEM use, high HEM use, and railings/grab bar use.
Genes, Education, and Labor Market Outcomes: Evidence from the Health and Retirement Study
Authors: Papageorge Nicholas W , Thom Kevin 
Published: December 2019

AbstractRecent advances have led to the discovery of specific genetic variants that predict educational attainment. We study how these variants, summarized as a linear index—known as a polygenic score—are associated with human capital accumulation and labor market outcomes in the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). We present two main sets of results. First, we find evidence that the genetic factors measured by this score interact strongly with childhood socioeconomic status in determining educational outcomes. In particular, although the polygenic score predicts higher rates of college graduation on average, this relationship is substantially stronger for individuals who grew up in households with higher socioeconomic status relative to those who grew up in poorer households. Second, the polygenic score predicts labor earnings even after adjusting for completed education, with larger returns in more recent decades. These patterns suggest that the genetic traits that promote education might allow workers to better accommodate ongoing skill biased technological change. Consistent with this interpretation, we find a positive association between the polygenic score and nonroutine analytic tasks that have benefited from the introduction of new technologies. Nonetheless, the college premium remains a dominant determinant of earnings differences at all levels of the polygenic score. Given the role of childhood SES in predicting college attainment, this raises concerns about wasted potential arising from limited household resources.
Seismic low-frequency amplitude analysis for identifying gas reservoirs within thinly layered media
Authors: Li Shengjie , Rao Ying 
Published: December 2019

AbstractSeismic low-frequency amplitude anomalies can be correlated with the existence of hydrocarbon reservoirs, but the generation mechanism of these low-frequency amplitude anomalies is very complicated. We investigated the effect of the Biot slow P-waves on the seismic reflection amplitude at low frequencies from fluid-saturated porous media using techniques of both theoretical calculation and physical modelling. First, we used theoretical calculation to study the effects of the frequency, the fluid content and the heterogeneity of layered media on the conversion of the Biot slow waves, and the reflection coefficients. Then, we used physical modelling data to show a low-frequency shadow of the air-saturated layered model. The phenomenon was similar to that in the theoretical calculation. A combination of the theoretical calculation and physical modelling results provided a reasonable explanation of the low-frequency shadow. The conclusion is that whether the actual hydrocarbon reservoirs exhibit low-frequency shadow phenomena depends on the frequency, the consolidation, the thickness of the hydrocarbon reservoirs, the homogeneity of the porosity and the fluid distributions of the reservoirs. The proposed method can be used to analyse the low-frequency anomalies and to identify the fluid properties using seismic data.
Netta Syrett, Nobody’s Fault, and Female Decadence: The Story of a Wagnerite
Authors: Rainwater Crescent 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Scholars have traditionally associated decadence with misogyny, and therefore it has typically been perceived as antithetical to feminism. Nobody’s Fault (1896), Netta Syrett’s first novel, complicates this perception through the way in which the self-assertive protagonist, Bridget Ruan, finds in the decadent music of Richard Wagner a liberating form of aesthetic experience. In this essay, I argue that encountering Wagner’s music marks Bridget’s immersion into a form of decadent culture that affirms her aesthetic longings and awakens her erotic desires. At the same time, the novel condemns an antifeminist form of decadence that is associated with elitist male artists who indulge in a superficial manipulation of language and treat women as art objects. The novel’s resistance to exclusionary forms of aesthetic experience is modelled in its straightforward narrative style and strategic engagement with familiar New Woman themes. This middlebrow narrative thus made Syrett’s intervention into debates about women and decadence accessible to a middle-class female audience. When we recognize that the history of decadence includes its appeal to feminist writers such as Syrett rather than an exclusively antifeminist legacy, we can begin to uncover a more nuanced history of feminism and decadence in England at the fin de siècle.
Costs for Colon Cancer Treatment Comparing Benefit Types and Care Sources in the US Military Health System
Authors: Eaglehouse Yvonne L , Georg Matthew W , Richard Patrick , Shriver Craig D , Zhu Kangmin 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Cancer is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the USA, contributing largely to US healthcare spending. Provision of services (direct or purchased) and insurance benefit type may impact cost for cancer care. As a common cause of cancer in both men and women, we aim to compare colon cancer treatment costs between insurance benefit types and care sources in the US Military Health System (MHS) to better understand whether and to what extent these system factors impact cancer care costs.

Materials and Methods
Department of Defense Central Cancer Registry records and MHS Data Repository administrative claims were used to identify MHS beneficiaries aged 18–64 who were diagnosed with primary colon adenocarcinoma and received treatment between 2003 and 2008. The data linkage was approved by the Institutional Review Boards of the Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, the Defense Health Agency, and the National Institutes of Health. Costs to the MHS for each claim related to cancer treatment were extracted from the linked data and adjusted to 2008 USD. We used quantile regression models to compare median cancer treatment costs between benefit types and care sources (direct, purchased, or both), adjusted for demographic, tumor, and treatment characteristics.

Results
The median per capita (n = 801) costs for colon cancer care were $60,321 (interquartile range $24,625, $159,729) over a median follow-up of 1.7 years. The model-estimated treatment costs were similar between benefit types. Patients using direct care had significantly lower estimated median costs [$34,145 (standard error $4,326)] than patients using purchased care [$106,395 ($10,559)] or both care sources [$82,439 ($13,330)], controlled for patient demographic, tumor, and treatment characteristics. Differences in cost by care source were noted for patients with later stage tumors and by treatment type. Relative costs were 2–3 times higher for purchased care compared to direct care for patients with late-stage tumors and for patients receiving chemotherapy or radiation treatment.

Conclusions
In the MHS, median cost for colon cancer treatment was lower in direct care compared to purchased care or patients using a combination of direct and purchased care. The variation in cancer treatment costs between care sources may be due to differences in treatment incentives or capabilities. Additional studies on cost differences between direct and purchased services are needed to understand how provision of care affects cancer treatment costs and to identify possible targets for cost reduction.