bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of Schistosoma haematobium Infection Morbidity and Severity on Co-infections status in Pre-school Age Children Living in a Rural Endemic Area in Zimbabwe
Authors: Mduluza-Joko Tariro Lavender , Naicker Thajasvarie , Jokonya Luxwell , Midzi Herald , Vengesai Arthur , Kasambala Maritha , Choto Emelia , Rusakaniko Simbarashe , Sibanda Elopy , Mutapi Francisca , Mdul Takafira 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Individuals living in Schistosoma haematobium endemic areas are often at risk of having other communicable diseases, simultaneously. This usually creates diagnostic difficulties leading to misdiagnosis and overlooking schistosomiasis infection. In this study we investigated the prevalence and effects of coinfections in pre-school age children and further investigated association between S. haematobium prevalence and under 5 mortality.Methods: Four hundred and sixty five Preschool age children (1-5 years old) with 51% being male were clinically examined for the following top morbidity causing conditions: respiratory tract infections, dermatophytosis, malaria and fever of unknown origin. The conditions were diagnosed as per approved WHO standards. S. haematobium infection was diagnosed by urine filtration and the children were screened for conditions common in the study area which included HIV, tuberculosis, malnutrition and typhoid. Results: Prevalence of S. haematobium was 35% (145). The clinical conditions assessed had the following prevalence in the study population: upper respiratory tract infection 40% (229), fever of unknown origin 45% (189), dermatophytosis and malaria both had 18% (75), The odds of co-infections observed with S. haematobium infection were: upper respiratory tract infection AOR = 1.22 (95% CI 0.80 to 1.87), dermatophytosis AOR = 4.79 ( 95% CI 2.78 to 8.25), fever of unknown origin AOR = 10.63 ( 95% CI 6.48-17.45) and malaria AOR = 0.91 ( 95% CI 0.51 to1.58). Relative risks of the severe sequels when coinfected were: Severe pneumonia RR=7.5 (95% CI 2.92-19.23), p<0.0001, complicated malaria RR=12 (95%CI 11.53-94.53), p=0.02, severe dermatophytosis RR=8.5 (95% CI 1.2-60.2):p=0.03, and fever of unknown origin RR=2.32 (95% CI 1.12-4.80), p=0.02.Conclusion: This study is novel as it identifies a possible association relationship between S. haematobium infection and top morbidity conditions in children under five years. There is need to alert policy makers so as to initiate early treatment of schistosomiasis in pre-school age children.
Significance of calorie-restricted ketogenic diet for lung cancer with brain metastases and hepatoma with pulmonary metastases: report of two cases
Authors: Tan Dong , Zhao Jing , Liu Xiao-jing , Yang Wen-ru , Yuan Fang 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Cancer cells have altered metabolism that is characterized by an enhanced uptake and utilization of glucose. These increased glucose dependence alterations, present potential vulnerabilities that could be targeted for cancer therapy. The calorie-restricted ketogenic diet (KD) may meet the requirement. In this study, we explore the feasibility of the ketogenic diet as adjuvant therapy for cancer treatment. We present two cases of patients diagnosed with aggressive forms of cancer, lung cancer with brain metastatic tomours and primary liver cancer with pulmonary metastases. The patients began KD intervention after exhausting the other treatment options. Both of them responded to KD and demonstrated a beneficial effect. The tomour size from serial imaging and serum tumour markers were significantly reduced after KD in both subjects without any adverse effects. Both patients had tumour remission even after stopping the ketogenic diet, indicating that KD is a safe, effective treatment to aggressive cancers with metastases when used with conventional therapies.
Substitution mapping of the major quantitative trait loci controlling stigma exsertion rate from Oryza glumaepatula
Authors: Tan Quanya , Zou Tuo , Zheng Mingmin , Ni Yuerong , Luan Xin , Li Xiaohui , Yang Weifeng , Yang Zifeng , Zhu Haitao , Zeng Ruizhen , Liu Guifu , Wang Shaokui , Fu Xuelin , Zhang Guiquan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Stigma exsertion rate (SER) is a key determinant for the outcrossing ability of male sterility lines (MSLs) in hybrid rice seed production. In the process of domestication, the outcrossing ability of cultivated rice varieties decreased, while that of wild Oryza species kept strong. Here, we detected the quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling SER using a set of single-segment substitution lines (SSSLs) derived from O. glumaepatula , a wild Oryza species. Results: Seven QTLs for SER were located on 5 chromosomes. qSER-1a and qSER-1b were located on chromosome 1. qSER-3a and qSER-3b were mapped on chromosome 3, and qSER-3b was further located at an estimated interval of 898.8kb by secondary substitution mapping. qSER-5 , qSER-9 and qSER-10 were identified on chromosomes 5, 9 and 10, respectively, and qSER-9 was delimited to an estimated region of 551.9kb by secondary substitution mapping. The additive effects of the 7 QTLs ranged from 10.6% to 14.8%, which were higher than those of most loci for SER reported previously. Conclusions: qSER-1a and qSER-1b are novel loci for SER on chromosome 1. All of the 7 QTLs have major effects on SER. The major QTLs of SER will help to develop MSLs with strong outcrossing ability.
Surgical management of sarcoma in adolescent and young adult patients
Authors: Hashimoto Kazuhiko , Nishimura Shunji , Oka Naohiro , Akagi Masao 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Objective: To examine the clinical features and outcomes of adolescent and young adult sarcoma patients who underwent surgical management and clarify important factors associated with prognosis. We reviewed 18 young adult sarcoma patients sarcoma patients treated surgically in our hospital. The tumor site, histology, grade, stage, and American Society of Anesthesiologists-Physical Status before surgery, operation time, intraoperative blood loss, complications, surgical margin, local recurrence, metastasis, and outcomes were investigated. The 3-year survival rate was also calculated. We compared survival based on age, grade, and surveyed features of poor outcome cases.Results: The 3-year survival rate was 61.3%. There was no significant difference in survival based on age, grade, operation time, or intraoperative blood loss. Three of five patients who died of the disease had stage ≥ IV at diagnosis. All patients with R1 surgical margins developed recurrence and all those with an American Society of Anesthesiologists-Physical Status ≥ 2 died. Patients with late-stage sarcomas, R1 tumor margin, or high American Society of Anesthesiologists-Physical Status score had poor prognoses. To achieve a favorable outcome in adolescent and young adult sarcoma patients, early detection and obtaining R0≥ surgical margin are essential.
Pleiotropic function of SQUAMOSA PROMOTER-BINDING PROTEIN-BOX gene TaSPL14 on plant architecture of wheat
Authors: Cao Jie , Liu Kaiye , Song Wanjun , Zhang Jianing , Yao Yingyin , Xin Mingming , Hu Zhaorong , Peng Huiru , Ni Zhongfu , Sun Qixin , Du Jinkun 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background

SQUAMOSA PROMOTER-BINDING PROTEIN-BOX gene OsSPL14 from rice is evaluated as the major gene for ideal plant architecture consisting of few unproductive tillers, more grains per spike and high lodging resistance stems. However, the function of its orthologous gene TaSPL14 in wheat is still unknown.
Results

Here, we reported the similarity and variation between TaSPL14 and OsSPL14. Similar to OsSPL14, TaSPL14 knock-out mutants exhibited decreased plant height, spike length, spikelet number, thousand-grain weight. Different from OsSPL14, TaSPL14 had no effect on tiller number. Transcriptome analysis genes related to ethylene response were significantly decreased in young spikes of TaSPL14 knockout mutants, compared with wild type. TaSPL14 directly binds to the promoters of the ethylene response gene TaEIL1 (EIN3-LIKE 1), TaRAP2.11 (ETHYLENE-RESPNSIVE TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR 2.11) and TaERF1 (ETHYLENE-RESPNSIVE TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR 1) and activities their expression, suggesting that TaSPL14 might regulate wheat spike development through ethylene response pathway.
Conclusions

TaSPL14 had similar function with OsSPL14 in regulating plant height, spike length, spikelet number and thousand-grain weight of wheat, and had different function in tiller development. TaSPL14 might regulate spike development through TaEIL1, TaRAP2.11 and TaERF1, not TaDEP1.The elucidation of TaSPL14 will contribute to exploring the molecular mechanisms underlying plant architecture of wheat.
Identification and validation of aberrant regulation of miR-445-3p /TTK , miR-140-5p/TTK and miR-133b/CDCA8 in small-cell lung cancer via bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Tang Ming-bo , Gao Xin-liang , Xin Zhuo-yuan , Fang Li-nan , Liu Wei 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) remains the leading form of malignant lung cancer, but little bioinformation on SCLC is available. This study explored the molecular targets of SCLC by evaluating differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) (DEMs).Methods: Five mRNA expression profiles and two miRNAs expression profiles from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) were downloaded. R software was utilized to analyze the DEGs and DEMs between SCLC and normal samples. The DEGs were analyzed via functional enrichment analyses and were used to construct protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks. DEM targets were then predicted and intersected with the DEGs. Furthermore, the hub genes of SCLC in the overlapping DEGs were analyzed in Oncomine. Finally, the expression of DEM-hub gene pairs were verified in tissues by RT-qPCR and Western blotting.Results: In total, 236 common DEGs and 104 common DEMs were identified. Functional enrichment analysis showed the DEGs were primarily enriched in ‘cell cycle’, ‘DNA replication’ and ‘oocyte meiosis’. Twenty hub genes and five modules were identified from the PPI network. Furthermore, 6732 targeted genes of the DEMs were predicted. After intersecting with DEGs, 54 genes and 153 miRNA-mRNA pairs were eventually identified aberrant regulation in SCLC. MiR-445-3p/TTK, miR-140-5p/TTK and miR-133b/CDCA8 were identified as DEM-hub gene pairs. Oncomine analysis confirmed the overexpression of TTK and CDCA8 in SCLC. Further validation demonstrated that TTK and CDCA8 levels in SCLC tissue samples were markedly increased relative to normal controls, while miR-445-3p, miR-140-5p, and miR-133b levels were lower in SCLC samples than in controls.Conclusions: Our results revealed key miRNA-mRNA pairs associated with SCLC, providing new insights into potential disease targets.
Analysis of the heterogeneity of the BCR H-CDR3 repertoire in the bone marrow and spleen of 3-,12-,and20-month old mice
Authors: Ma Lina , Yao Xinsheng 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The number of central and peripheral B cells and their responsiveness are decreased in agedmice. The diversity of mouse central and peripheral B cell repertoires with increasing age has notbeen elucidated. In this study, we demonstrated that there were significant differences in theusage of some V, D, and J genes in the BCR H-CDR3 repertoire of bone marrow B cells, spleen Bcells and spleen memory B cells in 3-, 12-, and 20-month-old mice. In the productive, pseudogene,and out-of-frame sequences, bone marrow B cells had significant differences in 5′J trimmingwith age; peripheral spleen B cells and memory B cells had significant differences in N1 insertion,N2 insertion, P5'D insertion, and 5'D trimming with age. The BCR H-CDR3 repertoire diversityof mouse bone marrow B cells, spleen B cells and spleen memory B cells decreased withincreasing age. The proportion of overlap in bone marrow and spleen B cells, but not spleenmemory B cells, of mice at different ages was lower at 3 months than at 12 and 20 months.Thisstudy is the first to report the homogeneity and heterogeneity of the CDR3 repertoire of centraland peripheral B cells change as mice age , to further investigation of the decline and response ofB cell immunity in young/middle/old-aged mice.
Joint effects of WT1, CA10 methylation in peripheral blood leukocyte and dietary zinc on breast cancer risk: a case-control study
Authors: Ge Anqi , Gao Song , Liu Yupeng , Zhang Hui , Wang Xuan , Zhang Lei , Pang Da , Zhao Yashuang 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Studies have shown that abnormal changes of specific-gene DNA methylation in leukocytes may be associated with elevated risk of cancer. However, associations between the methylation of zinc-related genes, WT1 and CA10, and breast cancer risk, and interactions between WT1, CA10 methylation and dietary zinc intake on breast cancer risk remain unknown.
Methods
The methylation of WT1, CA10 was analyzed by methylation-sensitive high-resolution-melting (MS-HRM) in a case-control study with female subjects (N = 959). Logistic regression was used to analyze the associations and propensity score (PS) method was used to adjust confounders.
Results
The results showed that WT1 hypermethylation was associated with an increased risk of breast cancer with an odds ratio (OR) of 3.069 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.669–5.643, P < 0.001]. Subgroup analyses showed that WT1 hypermethylation was specifically associated with an elevated risk of Luminal A subtype (OR = 2.620, 95%CI: 1.107-6.200, P = 0.029) and Luminal B subtype (OR = 3.231, 95%CI: 1.339–7.796, P = 0.009). CA10 hypermethylation was associated with an increased risk of Luminal B subtype (OR = 1.798, 95%CI: 1.085–2.982, P = 0.023). Furthermore, the joint effects of methylation of WT1, CA10 and lower dietary zinc intake were associated a strongly elevated risk of breast cancer with ORs of 11.220 (95%CI: 4.057–31.032, P < 0.001) and 4.145 (95%CI: 2.717–6.324, P < 0.001), respectively.
Conclusion
The study suggested the hypermethylation of WT1 methylation in leukocytes was significantly associated with an increased risk of breast cancer. Notably, the joint effects of WT1, CA10 methylation and lower dietary zinc intake might significantly associate with breast cancer risk.
Three-year outcome after transanal versus laparoscopic total mesorectal excision in locally advanced rectal cancer: a multicenter comparative analysis
Authors: de Lacy F. Borja , Roodbeen Sapho X. , Ríos Jose , Laarhoven Jacqueline van , Otero-Piñeiro Ana , Bravo Raquel , Visser Tjaakje , Poppel Roy van , Valverde Silvia , Hompes Roel , Sietses Colin , Castells Antoni , Bemelman Willem A. , Tanis Pieter J. , Lacy Antonio M. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
For patients with mid and distal rectal cancer, robust evidence on long-term outcome and causal treatment effects of transanal total mesorectal excision (TaTME) is lacking. This multicentre retrospective cohort study aimed to assess whether TaTME reduces locoregional recurrence rate compared to laparoscopic total mesorectal excision (LapTME).
Methods
Consecutive patients with rectal cancer within 12 centimetres from the anal verge and clinical stage II-III were selected from three institutional databases. Outcome after TaTME (Nov 2011 - Feb 2018) was compared to a historical cohort of patients treated with LapTME (Jan 2000 - Feb 2018) using the inverse probability of treatment weights method. The primary endpoint was three-year locoregional recurrence.
Results
A total of 710 patients were analysed, 344 in the TaTME group and 366 in the LapTME group. At three years, cumulative locoregional recurrence rates were 3.6% (95% CI, 1.1–6.1) in the TaTME group and 9.6% (95% CI, 6.5–12.7) in the LapTME group (HR = 0.4; 95% CI, 0.23–0.69; p = 0.001). Three-year cumulative disease-free survival rates were 74.3% (95% CI, 68.8–79.8) and 68.6% (95% CI, 63.7–73.5) (HR = 0.82; 95% CI, 0.65–1.02; p = 0.078) and three-year overall survival 87.2% (95% CI, 82.7–91.7) and 82.2% (95% CI, 78.0-86.2) (HR = 0.74; 95% CI, 0.53–1.03; p = 0.077), respectively. In patients who underwent sphincter preservation procedures, TaTME was associated with a significantly better disease-free survival (HR = 0.78; 95% CI, 0.62–0.98; p = 0.033).
Conclusions
These findings suggest that TaTME may improve locoregional recurrence and disease-free survival rates among patients with mid and distal locally advanced rectal cancer.
Effect of capsular tension ring implantation on capsular stability after phacoemulsification in patients with weak zonules:a randomized controlled trail. CTR implantation in cataract patients with weak zonules
Authors: Yang Shangfei , Jiang Hui , Nie Kailai , Feng Liwen , Fan Wei 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Patients who had previously undergone pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) or who had severe myopia may have weaker zonules, for which a capsular tension ring (CTR) implantation is still controversial. This study is to test the effect of CTR implantation on capsular stability after phacoemulsification in those patients.
Methods
A total of 42 patients who underwent phacoemulsification and received an intraocular lens (IOL) were randomized to undergo CTR implantation or not. The primary outcomes were uncorrected distant visual acuity (UDVA), best corrected distant visual acuity (BCDVA), refractive prediction error, the area of anterior capsulorhexis, and IOL inclination angle. Follow-up visits were conducted postoperatively at 1 day, 1 week, 1 month and 3 months. Outcomes were compared between all CTR and control patients, as well as between subgroups who had previously undergone PPV or who had severe myopia.
Results
Surgery significantly improved UDVA and BCDVA to similar extents in CTR and control patients, and refraction prediction error was similar between the two groups at all follow-up times. At 3 months after surgery, the area of anterior capsulorhexis was significantly larger in CTR patients than in controls (p = 0.0199). These differences were also significant between the subgroups of patients with strong myopia. Vertical IOL inclination was less within CTR groups at 3 months after surgery, especially in patients with severe myopia(P = 0.0286). At 1 week postoperatively, the proportion of individuals whose posterior lens capsule that had completely adhered to the posterior IOL surface was significantly higher among CTR patients (p = 0.023). No serious surgical complications were observed.
Conclusion
CTR implantation can benefit cataract patients with weak zonules by maintaining the shape of the capsular bag, reducing capsule shrinkage and stabilizing IOL inclination.
Trail Registration:
This study was registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR-INR-17011217).
­­­An Integrated Autophagy-Related Gene Signature Predicts Prognosis in Human Endometrial Cancer
Authors: Zhang Jun , Wang Ziwei , Zhao Rong , An Lanfen , Zhou Xing , Zhao Yingchao , Wang Hongbo 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Globally, endometrial cancer is the fourth most common malignant tumor in women and the number of women being diagnosed is increasing. Tumor progression is strongly related to the cell survival-promoting functions of autophagy. We explored the relationship between endometrial cancer prognoses and the expression of autophagy genes using human autophagy databases.Methods The Cancer Genome Atlas was used to identify autophagy related genes (ARGs) that were differentially expressed in endometrial cancer tissue compared to healthy endometrial tissue. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes were referenced to identify important biological functions and signaling pathways related to these differentially expressed ARGs. A prognostic model for endometrial cancer was constructed using univariate and multivariate Cox, and Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator regression analysis. Endometrial cancer patients were divided into high- and low-risk groups according to risk scores. Survival and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted for these patients to assess the accuracy of the prognostic model. Using immunohistochemistry the protein levels of the genes associated with risk were assessed.Results We determined 37 ARGs were differentially expressed between endometrial cancer and healthy tissues. These genes were enriched in the biological processes and signaling pathways related to autophagy. Four ARGs (CDKN2A, PTK6, ERBB2and BIRC5) were selected to establish a prognostic model of endometrial cancer. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis suggested that high-risk groups have significantly shorter survival times than low-risk groups. The area under the ROC curve indicated that the prognostic model for survival prediction was relatively accurate. Immunohistochemistry suggested that among the four ARGs the protein levels of CDKN2A, PTK6, ERBB2 and BIRC5 were higher in endometrial cancer than healthy endometrial tissue.Conclusions Our prognostic model assessing four ARGs (CDKN2A, PTK6, ERBB2, and BIRC5) suggested their potential as independent predictive biomarkers and therapeutic targets for endometrial cancer.
A Comparative Study of Target Reconstruction of Ultra-High-Resolution CT for Patients with Corona-Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Authors: Lv Shaomao , Lin Yu , Kang Jianghe , Duan Shaoyin , Zhang Weiguo , Wang Jinan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: The corona-virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused a serious public health risk. Compared with conventional high-resolution CT (C-HRCT, matrix 512), ultra-high resolution CT (U-HRCT, matrix 1024) can increase the effective pixel per unit volume by about 4 times. Our study is to evaluate the value of target reconstruction of U-HRCT in the accurate diagnosis of COVID-19. Methods: A total of 13 COVID-19 cases, 44 cases of other pneumonias, and 6 cases of ground-glass nodules were retrospectively analyzed. The data were categorized into groups A (C-HRCT) and B (U-HRCT), following which iDose4-3 and iDose4-5 were used for target reconstruction, respectively. CT value, noise, and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in different reconstructed images were measured. Two senior imaging doctors scored the image quality and the structure of the lesions on a 5-point scale. Chi-square test, variance analysis, and binary logistic regression analysis were used for statistical analysis. Results: U-HRCT image can reduce noise and improve SNR with an increase of the iterative reconstruction level. The SNR of U-HRCT image was lower than that of the C-HRCT image of the same iDose4 level, and the noise of U-HRCT was higher than that of C-HRCT image; the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that peripleural distribution, thickening of blood vessels and interlobular septum, and crazy-paving pattern were independent indictors of the COVID-19 on U-HRCT. U-HRCT was superior to C-HRCT in showing the blood vessels, bronchial wall, and interlobular septum in the ground-glass opacities; the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Peripleural distribution, thickening of blood vessels and interlobular septum, and crazy-paving pattern on U-HRCT are favorable signs for COVID-19. U-HRCT is superior to C-HRCT in displaying the blood vessels, bronchial walls, and interlobular septum for evaluating COVID-19.