bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biomaterials Regulating Bone Hematoma for Osteogenesis
Authors: Yang Ying , Xiao Yin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBlood coagulation in tissue healing not only prevents blood loss, but also forms a natural scaffold for tissue repair and regeneration. As blood clot formation is the initial and foremost phase upon bone injury, and the quality of blood clot (hematoma) orchestrates the following inflammatory and cellular processes as well as the subsequent callus formation and bone remodeling process. Inspired by the natural healing hematoma, tissue‐engineered biomimic scaffold/hydrogels and blood prefabrication strategies attract significant interests in developing functional bone substitutes. The alteration of the fracture hematoma ca significantly accelerate or impair the overall bone healing process. This review summarizes the impact of biomaterials on blood coagulation and provides evidence on fibrin network structure, growth factors, and biomolecules that contribute to bone healing within the hematoma. The aim is to provide insights into the development of novel implant and bone biomaterials for enhanced osteogenesis. Advances in the understanding of biomaterial characteristics (e.g., morphology, chemistry, wettability, and protein adsorption) and their effect on hematoma properties are highlighted. Emphasizing the importance of the initial healing phase of the hematoma endows the design of advanced biomaterials with the desired regulatory properties for optimal coagulation and hematoma properties, thereby facilitating enhanced osteogenesis and ideal therapeutic effects.
Organic Bioelectronics: From Functional Materials to Next‐Generation Devices and Power Sources
Authors: Ohayon David , Inal Sahika 
Published: July 2020

AbstractConjugated polymers (CPs) possess a unique set of features setting them apart from other materials. These properties make them ideal when interfacing the biological world electronically. Their mixed electronic and ionic conductivity can be used to detect weak biological signals, deliver charged bioactive molecules, and mechanically or electrically stimulate tissues. CPs can be functionalized with various (bio)chemical moieties and blend with other functional materials, with the aim of modulating biological responses or endow specificity toward analytes of interest. They can absorb photons and generate electronic charges that are then used to stimulate cells or produce fuels. These polymers also have catalytic properties allowing them to harvest ambient energy and, along with their high capacitances, are promising materials for next‐generation power sources integrated with bioelectronic devices. In this perspective, an overview of the key properties of CPs and examination of operational mechanism of electronic devices that leverage these properties for specific applications in bioelectronics is provided. In addition to discussing the chemical structure–functionality relationships of CPs applied at the biological interface, the development of new chemistries and form factors that would bring forth next‐generation sensors, actuators, and their power sources, and, hence, advances in the field of organic bioelectronics is described.
Economic and agrometeorological modeling of sugarcane productivity in São Paulo state, Brazil
Authors: Figueira Sérgio Rangel Fernandes , Rolim Glauco de Souza 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) productivity is dependent on climatic and economic conditions. The goal of this research is to combine economic and agrometeorological modeling on sugarcane productivity in the 18 important sugarcane production microregions of the São Paulo state in Brazil from 1995 to 2012. Cluster analysis was used to identify two groups of microregions with similar sugarcane actual productivity (PR) within each group. Group 1 presented higher values compared to group 2 in all years. However, the sugarcane attainable productivity (PA), estimated by the agrometeorological model, of group 2 was higher than group 1 in 17 of the 18 years analyzed. Finally, a statistical model was used to quantify the influence of sugarcane price, rural credit concession and PA on PR in all microregions and in the two groups. For all microregions, sugarcane price was the most important explanatory variable for PR, followed by PA and the rural credit concession in third. PR of Group 1 was mainly affected by sugarcane prices and PR of group 2 was mainly affected by PA. Therefore, the group 1 sugarcane producers were able to respond to price changes regardless of PA in this group. This can occur due to a better management, bigger investments or smaller metereological adversity of group 1. In conclusion, the agrometereological (PA) and the economic (sugarcane price and rural credit concession) variables affected the PR in the analyzed regions. However, crop pathogens, meteorological adversities or human management have led to this situation (limiting and reducing factors).
Trapping of Transient Organolithium Compounds
Authors: Inoue Kengo , Okano Kentaro 
Published: July 2020

AbstractOrganolithium chemistry has been widely utilized in organic synthesis as a reliable tool for introducing various functional groups. The intrinsic high reactivity of organolithiums allows rapid chemical transformation; however, the transient organolithiums bearing an electrophilic moiety often cause the undesired reactions such as self‐dimerization, isomerization, and decomposition, which prevent further synthetic application. In this minireview, we classify the reactions involving the short‐lived organolithiums and focus on the recent progress in flow chemistry, which allows to trap the highly reactive organolithium species. In addition, this review includes other approaches using the related organometallic species that can be performed in a conventional batch reactor. To place the recent development of this field in perspective, the established strategies controlling the reactivities of the short‐lived organolithiums provide a short‐step, efficient, and protective group‐free synthesis of functionalized organic molecules in medicinal, agrochemical, and material chemistry.
Vibronic Dynamics of Photodissociating ICN from Simulations of Ultrafast X‐Ray Absorption Spectroscopy
Authors: Morzan Uriel N. , Videla Pablo E. , Soley Micheline B. , Nibbering Erik T. J. , Batista Victor S. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractUltrafast UV‐pump/soft‐X‐ray‐probe spectroscopy is a subject of great interest since it can provide detailed information about dynamical photochemical processes with ultrafast resolution and atomic specificity. Here, we focus on the photodissociation of ICN in the 1Π1 excited state, with emphasis on the transient response in the soft‐X‐ray spectral region as described by the ab initio spectral lineshape averaged over the nuclear wavepacket probability density. We find that the carbon K‐edge spectral region reveals a rich transient response that provides direct insights into the dynamics of frontier orbitals during the I−CN bond cleavage process. The simulated UV‐pump/soft‐X‐ray‐probe spectra exhibit detailed dynamical information, including a time‐domain signature for coherent vibration associated with the photogenerated CN fragment.
Bioinspired Supramolecular Packing Enables High Thermo‐Sustainability
Authors: Tao Kai , Tang Yiming , Rencus‐Lazar Sigal , Yao Yifei , Xue Bin , Gilead Sharon , Wei Guanghong , Gazit Ehud 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBottom‐up self‐assembled bioinspired materials have attracted increasing interest in a variety fields. The use of peptide supramolecular semiconductors for optoelectronic applications is especially intriguing. However, the characteristic thermal unsustainability limits their practical application. Here, we report the thermal sustainability of cyclo‐ditryptophan assemblies up to 680 K. Non‐covalent interactions underlie the stability mechanism, generating a low exciton‐binding energy of only 0.29 eV and a high thermal‐quenching‐activation energy of up to 0.11 eV. The contributing forces comprise predominantly of aromatic interactions, followed by hydrogen bonding between peptide molecules, and, to a lesser extent, water‐mediated associations. This thermal sustainability results in a temperature‐dependent conductivity of the supramolecular semiconductors, showing 93 % reduction of the resistance from 320 K to 440 K. Our results establish thermo‐sustainable peptide self‐assembly for heat‐sensitive applications.
Large and Emissive Crystals from Carbon Quantum Dots onto Interfacial Organized Templates
Authors: Xiong Rui , Zhang Xiaofang , Krecker Michelle , Kang Saewon , Smith Marcus J. , Tsukruk Vladimir V. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHere, we report template‐assisted assembly of emissive carbon quantum dot (CQD) microcrystals on organized cellulose nanocrystals templates at the liquid–air interface. This large‐scale assembly is facilitated by the complementary amphiphilic character of CQDs and cellulose nanocrystals in the organized nematic phase. The resulting large microcrystals up to 200 μm across show unusually high emission that is not observed for limited CQDs aggregates. The dense crystal packing of CQDs in the layered fashion suppresses local molecular rotations and vibrations, thus restricting the intermolecular energy transfer and corresponding quenching phenomena. The as‐prepared crystals are mechanically stable and can be exploited for recyclable catalysis, enabling applications beyond the individual nanoparticles or disordered aggregates. The ligand‐templated assembly can be used to diversify CQD crystal architectures to guide formation of fibers, microplates, and micro‐flowers.
High‐Capacity and Stable Li‐O2 Batteries Enabled by a Trifunctional Soluble Redox Mediator
Authors: Xiong Qi , Huang Gang , Zhang Xin‐Bo 
Published: July 2020

AbstractLi‐O2 batteries with ultrahigh theoretical energy densities usually suffer from low practical discharge capacities and inferior cycling stability owing to the cathode passivation caused by insulating discharge products and by‐products. Here, a trifunctional ether‐based redox mediator, 2,5‐di‐tert‐butyl‐1,4‐dimethoxybenzene (DBDMB), is introduced into the electrolyte to capture reactive O2− and alleviate the rigorous oxidative environment of Li‐O2 batteries. Thanks to the strong solvation effect of DBDMB towards Li+ and O2−, it not only reduces the formation of by‐products (a high Li2O2 yield of 96.6 %), but also promotes the solution growth of large‐sized Li2O2 particles, avoiding the passivation of cathode as well as enabling a large discharge capacity. Moreover, DBDMB makes the oxidization of Li2O2 and the decomposition of main by‐products (Li2CO3 and LiOH) proceed in a highly effective manner, prolonging the stability of Li‐O2 batteries (243 cycles at 1000 mAh g−1 and 1000 mA g−1).
Total Synthesis of Cryptotrione
Authors: Lyu Mao‐Yun , Zhong Zhuliang , Lo Vanessa Kar‐Yan , Wong Henry N. C. , Peng Xiao‐Shui 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe total synthesis of cryptotrione (1) was enabled by substrate‐controlled diastereoselective construction of the bicyclo[3.1.0]hexene framework through platinum‐catalyzed enyne cycloisomerization and Lewis acid induced polyene cyclization to construct the abietane‐type tricyclic diterpene skeleton. The stereogenic tertiary carbon center in the side chain was installed in a diastereodivergent manner by conjugate addition reactions.
Effect of annealing on morphologies and performances of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose/hydroxypropyl starch blends
Authors: Chen Ying , Liao Lisha , Liu Hongsheng , Wang Yanfei , Zhang Liang , Chen Ling , Yu Long 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe morphologies and performances of the blends of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), which is a thermal gel, and hydroxypropyl starch (HPS), which is a cooling gel, provides a scientific model to understand the relationship between the microstructure and performance of the unique thermal/cooling gel system. The films based on these blends have been developed for various applications, such as food packaging and medicine capsules, mainly for improving processibility. The morphologies and performance of the blends strongly depend on annealing or storage conditions and time since they are neither miscible nor compatible. This work focuses on the effects of storage conditions and time on the morphologies and performance of the blend films. It was found that the morphologies of the blend system depend on temperature, moisture, and annealing time. Correspondently, the gas permeability and mechanical properties of the film were also environmentally and time dependent. When HPS is continuous phase, the annealing results in starch recrystallization, which increases rigidity. When HPMC is the continuous phase, the materials showed less moisture sensitivity. Starch recrystallization and phase separation, which resulted in microcracks on the surface of the films, are the main reasons for the reduction in gas barrier and elongation. This work will study these issues using scanning electron microscope, X‐ray diffraction, mechanical testing and establish their relationship.
Electrochemical synthesis and characterization of poly (o‐amino benzyl alcohol) and poly (o‐amino benzyl alcohol‐co‐o‐anisidine)
Authors: Yalçınkaya Süleyman , Çakmak Didem , Seymen Kübra , Demetgül Cahit 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this study; poly (o‐amino benzyl alcohol) and poly (o‐amino benzyl alcohol‐co‐o‐anisidine) copolymer films were electrochemically synthesized by cyclic voltammetry technique on the platinum electrode. The synthesis of copolymer films was achieved in various monomers feed ratio (o‐amino benzyl alcohol: o‐anisidine; 8:2, 1:1, 2:8) of o‐amino benzyl alcohol and o‐anisidine. Different solution types were tested in aqueous and non‐aqueous media, especially during the synthesis process, as the electrolyte medium. As a result of the experiments, it was determined that sulfuric acid solution was the most suitable solution for both homopolymer and copolymer film growth. Homopolymer and copolymer samples were characterized by FT‐IR, cyclic voltammetry (CV), SEM, digital images and TGA/DTA techniques. The CV, SEM and digital images results indicated that the solution which has high ratio of monomer is more effective in copolymer film synthesis mechanism. TGA results showed that the 1:1 copolymer film had higher thermal stability than the films at other monomer ratios. Also, electrochemical studies exhibited that the copolymer film in 1:1 ratio is partially more electrochemically stable than other copolymer films.
The chain microstructure and condensed structure of polyethylene resin used for Biaxially stretched film
Authors: Li Yu , Jiang Binbo , Li Wei , Wang Jingdai , Yang Yongrong 
Published: July 2020

AbstractTo explore the desirable chain structure and condensed structure of polyethylene used for biaxial stretching, the blends of two polyethylenes (PE1 and PE2) with different molecular weight and branch distribution were investigated. Their condensed structure including relaxation and crystallization behavior was studied by rheology, dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and non‐isothermal crystallization kinetics. And the chain microstructure was characterized by preparative temperature rising elution fractionation (P‐TREF), and successive self‐nucleation and annealing (SSA). It was demonstrated that the structural variables were not changing monotonically with the increment of the PE1 content. The longest relaxation time, lowest and less varied crystallization rate always appeared when the blend contained 15 wt% of PE1. This excellent structure was owing to the formation of more branches on the short chains, resulting in the uniform distribution of lamellae size and thus showing the widest biaxial stretchable temperature range (i.e., 8°C).
Effects of Gasdermin D in Modulating Murine Lupus and its Associated Organ Damage
Authors: Wang Xinghao , Blanco Luz P. , Carmona‐Rivera Carmelo , Nakabo Shuichiro , Pedersen Hege L. , Yu Zu‐Xi , Kaplan Mariana J. 
Published: July 2020

ObjectiveGasdermin D (GSDMD) is the key executioner of an inflammatory cell death mechanism known as pyroptosis. Recent reports have also implicated GSDMD in other mechanisms of cell death, including apoptosis, necroptosis, and NETosis. Given the role of dysregulated cell death in autoimmune syndromes such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), this study was undertaken in a murine lupus model to investigate whether GSDMD plays a pathogenic role in systemic autoimmunity by promoting inflammatory cell death, leading to increased generation of nuclear autoantigens and autoantibodies.MethodsAn imiquimod‐induced model of SLE was tested in GSDMD−/− mice (n = 30), with wild‐type (WT) mice as controls (n = 34), on a C57BL/6 background. At the time of euthanasia, the mice were examined for serum autoantibodies, immune complex deposition, organ inflammation, immune dysregulation, and type I interferon responses. A model of pristane‐induced lung injury in GSDMD−/− mice (n = 7), with WT mice as controls (n = 10), was used to confirm the pulmonary phenotype. Regulation of various mechanisms of cell death by GSDMD was investigated in the mice.ResultsUnexpectedly, GSDMD−/− mice developed enhanced mortality, more severe renal and pulmonary inflammation, and exacerbated autoantibody production in response to imiquimod. Pulmonary involvement was also more severe in the absence of GSDMD in mice with pristane‐induced lung injury. Compared to WT mice, lack of GSDMD was associated with increased levels of circulating nuclear autoantigens (P < 0.01), anti–double‐stranded DNA autoantibodies (P < 0.01), tissue immune complex deposition (P < 0.05), expansion of myeloid cell subsets (P < 0.05), and enhanced B cell activation and plasma cell differentiation (P = 0.001). Moreover, in the absence of GSDMD, enhanced autoantigen generation was associated with increased local induction of cell death in vivo.ConclusionGSDMD negatively regulates autoantigen generation and immune dysregulation in response to tissue injury and may play previously unappreciated protective roles in systemic autoimmunity.
From institutional pressure to the sustainable development of firm: Role of environmental management accounting implementation and environmental proactivity
Authors: Chaudhry Naveed Iqbal , Amir Muhammad 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe current study purposes to assess the impact of institutional pressures (coercive, mimetic, and normative) on environmental performance of the firm along with the mediation of implementation of environmental management accounting and moderation of environmental proactivity between them. Quantitative data are collected through structured questionnaire from 500 middle‐level and top‐level managers and owners of manufacturing firms of Pakistan. Data are analyzed through SPSS and AMOS in which structural equation modeling in performed to assess hypotheses. Findings show that coercive, mimetic, and normative pressures are significant derivers of environmental performance. It is further found that coercive, mimetic, and normative pressures significantly enhance the implementation of environmental management accounting, which in turn enhances the environmental performance of the firm. Furthermore, environmental proactivity is found to be a significant moderator between mimetic pressure and environmental performance while no moderation by environmental proactivity is confirmed in relationships of coercive pressure and normative pressure with environmental performance. The current findings are anticipated to assist practitioners in strategy development and execution to improve environmental performance of the firm and policymaking to control environmental impacts of businesses and improve environmental conditions in the country. The current study is the first one to empirically examine the moderating role of environmental proactivity and mediating role of execution of environmental management accounting between institutional pressures and environmental performance in context of Pakistan; so, it will open new areas of discussion and analysis for researchers in the domain of institutional theory.
RETRACTED: Puerarin 6″‐O‐xyloside suppressed HCC via regulating proliferation, stemness, and apoptosis with inhibited PI3K/AKT/mTOR
Authors: Li Long , Liu Jun‐Dong , Gao Guo‐Dong , Zhang Kai , Song Yu‐Wei , Li Hong‐Bo 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPuerarin 6″‐O‐xyloside is a tumor suppressive derivate of Puerarin that is recently characterized as a lysine‐specific demethylase 6B inhibitor. Here we investigated the effects of Puerarin 6″‐O‐xyloside in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines SMMC‐7721 and HepG2. Cell viability, proliferation, stemness, protein expression, and autophagy were tested by CCK‐8, colony formation, sphere formation, western blotting, and LC3B GFP puncta per cell, respectively. Apoptosis, CD133‐positive cells, and JC‐1‐labeled mitochondrial membrane potential were measured by flow cytometry. The effects of Puerarin 6″‐O‐xyloside in vivo were explored in HepG2 xenograft mice. Puerarin 6″‐O‐xyloside inhibited cell viability, proliferation, and stemness, and promoted apoptosis in both SMMC‐7721 and HepG2 cells. Further experiments showed promoted autophagy and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, and decreased expression of p‐PI3K, p‐AKT, and p‐mTOR in HepG2 cells. Co‐administration of 3‐MA with Puerarin 6″‐O‐xyloside obviously augmented these effects including inhibited protein expression of p‐PI3K, p‐AKT, and p‐mTOR, and inhibited proliferation, promoted apoptosis, and decreased stemness. In HepG2 xenograft mice, 100 mg/kg/d Puerarin 6″‐O‐xyloside significantly suppressed tumor growth, stemness, and apoptosis. In conclusion, our study indicated that Puerarin 6″‐O‐xyloside decreased cell viability, proliferation, and stemness, and promoted autophagy and mitochondria‐dependent apoptosis of HCC, at least partly through inhibiting PI3K/AKT/mTOR. These results highlighted Puerarin 6″‐O‐xyloside as a promising prodrug that could inhibit both PI3K/AKT/mTOR and epigenetic demethylation.
A Robust Conductive Polymer Network as a Multi‐Functional Binder and Conductive Additive for Supercapacitors
Authors: Na Ruiqi , Lu Nan , Li Leibo , Liu Yudong , Luan Jiashuang , Wang Guibin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis study develops a robust conductive polymer network as a multi‐functional binder and conductive additive for activated‐carbon‐based electrodes for supercapacitors. The robust conductive network is prepared by assembling water‐soluble electron‐conductive carboxylated polythiophene: (poly[3‐(potassium‐4‐butanoate) thiophene], PPBT) onto poly(ethylene glycol)‐block‐poly(propylene glycol)‐block‐poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG−PPG−PEG, 3P) chains through chemical crosslinking. The homogeneous PPBT‐3P crosslinked network facilitates the formation of continuous electron‐conducting bridges throughout the electrodes, consequently reducing the electrode resistance, bringing the electrode a relatively high electronic conductivity of approximately 175 S cm−1, which is nearly five times higher than the widely used electrode with PVDF binder/Super P systems. Moreover, the introduction of a robust crosslinked network into the activated‐carbon‐based electrode provides robust adhesion force and enhances the electrolyte wetting uptake ability between the active material components and current collector, thereby ensuring the integrity of the whole electrode under folding, device fabrication and cycling. As a result, the supercapacitor device applying this conductive network exhibits an ultra‐high specific capacitance of 184.7 F g−1 at 0.5 A g−1, and possesses energy densities of 46.7 Wh kg−1 as well as a long cycling stability (95.6 % capacitance retention) after 5,000 charge–discharge cycles, far superior to the supercapacitor with conventional PVDF binder and comparable to recently reported porous‐carbon‐based supercapacitors. All of these results guarantee that the novel conductive network can be a promising candidate for developing porous carbon electrodes in supercapacitors.