bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Monitoring soil radon during the 2016–2017 central Italy sequence in light of seismicity
Authors: Soldati Gaia , Cannelli Valentina , Piersanti Antonio 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe radioactive nature of radon makes it a powerful tracer for fluid movements in the crust, and a potentially effective marker to study processes connected with earthquakes preparatory phase. To explore the feasibility of using soil radon variations as earthquakes precursor, we analyse the radon concentration data recorded by two stations located close to the epicentre of the strongest mainshock (Mw 6.5 on October 30, 2016) of the seismic sequence which affected central Italy from August 2016. The two stations CTTR and NRCA operate in the framework of the permanent Italian Radon monitoring Network and recorded almost continuously since 2012 and 2016, respectively, the latter being installed just after the first mainshock of the sequence (Mw 6.0 on August 24, 2016). An increase of radon emanation is clearly visible about 2 weeks before the Mw 6.5 event on both the time series, more pronounced on NRCA, nearer to the epicentre, suggesting the possibility of a direct association with the earthquake occurrence. An independently developed detection algorithm aimed at highlighting the connections between radon emission variations and major earthquakes occurrence succeeds in forecasting the Mw 6.5 mainshock on NRCA time series. The resulting time advance of the alarm is consistent with that obtained using a Bayesian approach to compute the a posteriori probability of multiple change points on the radon time series of NRCA. Moreover, it is in agreement with the delay time which maximizes the correlation between radon and seismic anomalies. Applying the detection algorithm to CTTR time series returns alarms for both the Mw 6.0 event, with epicentre closer to this station, and the stronger Mw 6.5 event, but with a higher number of false detections. Finally, we found that a preliminary correction of the bias introduced by variations of meteorological parameters does not affect our main finding of an increase in radon concentration before the major mainshocks. Our study confirms that, although much work is still needed, a monitoring approach based on a permanent dense network is crucial for making radon time series analysis an effective complement to traditional seismological tools.
A lncRNA landscape in breast cancer reveals a potential role for AC009283.1 in proliferation and apoptosis in HER2-enriched subtype
Authors: Cedro-Tanda Alberto , Ríos-Romero Magdalena , Romero-Córdoba Sandra , Cisneros-Villanueva Mireya , Rebollar-Vega Rosa Gloria , Alfaro-Ruiz Luis Alberto , Jiménez-Morales Silvia , Domínguez-Reyes Carlos , Villegas-Carlos Felipe , Tenorio-Torres Alberto , Bautista-Piña Veronica , Beltrán-Anaya Fredy Omar , Hidalgo-Miranda Alfredo 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBreast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed neoplasm in women worldwide with a well-recognized heterogeneous pathology, classified into four molecular subtypes: Luminal A, Luminal B, HER2-enriched and Basal-like, each one with different biological and clinical characteristics. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) represent 33% of the human transcriptome and play critical roles in breast carcinogenesis, but most of their functions are still unknown. Therefore, cancer research could benefit from continued exploration into the biology of lncRNAs in this neoplasm. We characterized lncRNA expression portraits in 74 breast tumors belonging to the four molecular subtypes using transcriptome microarrays. To infer the biological role of the deregulated lncRNAs in the molecular subtypes, we performed co-expression analysis of lncRNA–mRNA and gene ontology analysis. We identified 307 deregulated lncRNAs in tumor compared to normal tissue and 354 deregulated lncRNAs among the different molecular subtypes. Through co-expression analysis between lncRNAs and protein-coding genes, along with gene enrichment analysis, we inferred the potential function of the most deregulated lncRNAs in each molecular subtype, and independently validated our results taking advantage of TCGA data. Overexpression of the AC009283.1 was observed in the HER2-enriched subtype and it is localized in an amplification zone at chromosome 17q12, suggesting it to be a potential tumorigenic lncRNA. The functional role of lncRNA AC009283.1 was examined through loss of function assays in vitro and determining its impact on global gene expression. These studies revealed that AC009283.1 regulates genes involved in proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis in a HER2 cellular model. We further confirmed these findings through ssGSEA and CEMITool analysis in an independent HER2-amplified breast cancer cohort. Our findings suggest a wide range of biological functions for lncRNAs in each breast cancer molecular subtype and provide a basis for their biological and functional study, as was conducted for AC009283.1, showing it to be a potential regulator of proliferation and apoptosis in the HER2-enriched subtype.
Effects of maneuver of hair-washing motion and gender on oxygen uptake and ventilation in healthy people
Authors: Takahata Miki , Ishizawa Masao , Uchiumi Takuya , Yamaki Michiyasu , Sato Toshiaki 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIt is known that patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease experience dyspnea during unsupported arm exercise (UAE). We examined the respiratory variables in during a hair-washing motion for healthy young people requiring the UAE to find the effects across gender, motion, and speed. In this study, 33 healthy young people were enrolled. Participants performed the following four types of hair-washing motions: both hands with fast speed, both hands with slow speed, one hand with fast speed, and one hand with slow speed. The respiratory variables such as oxygen uptake ($${\dot{\text{V}}}$$V˙O2), carbon dioxide output ($${\dot{\text{V}}}$$V˙CO2), and respiratory rate (RR), or minute ventilation ($${\dot{\text{V}}}$$V˙E) were measured. Regarding $${\dot{\text{V}}}$$V˙O2, $${\dot{\text{V}}}$$V˙CO2, and RR during the rest period and in each motion, $${\dot{\text{V}}}$$V˙O2 and $${\dot{\text{V}}}$$V˙CO2 in males were significantly greater than those in females. RR in the female participants had greater value than that in males. Among the maneuvers, $${\dot{\text{V}}}$$V˙O2, $${\dot{\text{V}}}$$V˙CO2 or $${\dot{\text{V}}}$$V˙E during a hair-washing motion with both hands were greater than those during hair-washing motion with one hand. $${\dot{\text{V}}}$$V˙O2, $${\dot{\text{V}}}$$V˙CO2, RR, or $${\dot{\text{V}}}$$V˙E during a hair-washing motion with both hands fast speed was greater than those during a hair-washing motion with slow speed. In conclusion, this study showed the effects owing to the differences in motion maneuvers and gender during UAE in healthy young people. These suggest a need to consider motion maneuver or gender when teaching motion methods of activities of daily living on the patients.
TAO-DFT investigation of electronic properties of linear and cyclic carbon chains
Authors: Seenithurai Sonai , Chai Jeng-Da 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIt has been challenging to adequately investigate the properties of nanosystems with radical nature using conventional electronic structure methods. We address this challenge by calculating the electronic properties of linear carbon chains (l-CC[n]) and cyclic carbon chains (c-CC[n]) withn= 10–100 carbon atoms, using thermally-assisted-occupation density functional theory (TAO-DFT). For all the cases investigated,l-CC[n]/c-CC[n] are ground-state singlets, andc-CC[n] are energetically more stable thanl-CC[n]. The electronic properties ofl-CC[n]/c-CC[n] reveal certain oscillation patterns for smallern, followed by monotonic changes for largern. For the smaller carbon chains, odd-numberedl-CC[n] are more stable than the adjacent even-numbered ones;c-CC[$$4m+2$$4m+2]/c-CC[4m] are more/less stable than the adjacent odd-numbered ones, wheremare positive integers. Asnincreases,l-CC[n]/c-CC[n] possess increasing polyradical nature in their ground states, where the active orbitals are delocalized over the entire length ofl-CC[n] or the whole circumference ofc-CC[n].
Optical detection of electron spin dynamics driven by fast variations of a magnetic field: a simple method to measure $$T_1$$, $$T_2$$, and $$T_2^*$$ in semiconductors
Authors: Belykh V. V. , Yakovlev D. R. , Bayer M. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWe develop a simple method for measuring the electron spin relaxation times$$T_1$$T1,$$T_2$$T2and$$T_2^*$$T2∗in semiconductors and demonstrate its exemplary application ton-type GaAs. Using an abrupt variation of the magnetic field acting on electron spins, we detect the spin evolution by measuring the Faraday rotation of a short laser pulse. Depending on the magnetic field orientation, this allows us to measure either the longitudinal spin relaxation time$$T_1$$T1or the inhomogeneous transverse spin dephasing time$$T_2^*$$T2∗. In order to determine the homogeneous spin coherence time$$T_2$$T2, we apply a pulse of an oscillating radiofrequency (rf) field resonant with the Larmor frequency and detect the subsequent decay of the spin precession. The amplitude of the rf-driven spin precession is significantly enhanced upon additional optical pumping along the magnetic field.
miR-4634 augments the anti-tumor effects of RAD001 and associates well with clinical prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Liu Sile , Zang Hongjing , Zheng Hongmei , Wang Weiyuan , Wen Qiuyuan , Zhan Yuting , Yang Yang , Ning Yue , Wang Haihua , Fan Songqing 
Published: August 2020

AbstractMicroRNA (miRNA) is involved in the physiological and pathological processes of various malignancies. In this study, miRNA microarray analysis showed that miR-4634 levels in A549 cells increased significantly after everolimus (RAD001) treatment. Decreased expression of miR-4634 was also found in non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) cell lines and patients’ tumors by qPCR. Additionally, a combination of miR-4634 and RAD001 exerted synergistic antitumor efficacy by inhibiting cell proliferation, migration, and colony formation. High expression of miR-4634 was significantly more common in non-cancerous lung tissue than adenocarcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma tissue (72.8%, 45.7%, and 50.9%, respectively; P < 0.001). Furthermore, high expression of miR-4634 was found to be more frequent in patients without lymph node metastasis (P = 0.037) by in-situ hybridization. Importantly, through univariate and multivariate analysis, high miR-4634 expression was associated with better prognosis of NSCLC patients. In conclusion, miR-4634 may act as a tumor suppressor in NSCLC, and to augment the efficacy of RAD001, co-treatment of miR-4634 and RAD001 might be a potential mTOR-targeted cancer therapy strategy for NSCLC patients. High expression of miR-4634 could be an independent good prognostic biomarker for NSCLC.
Evolution of woodcutting behaviour in Early Pliocene beaver driven by consumption of woody plants
Authors: Plint Tessa , Longstaffe Fred J. , Ballantyne Ashley , Telka Alice , Rybczynski Natalia 
Published: August 2020

AbstractModern beavers (Castor) are prolific ecosystem engineers and dramatically alter the landscape through tree harvesting and dam building. Little is known, however, about the evolutionary drivers of their woodcutting behaviour. Here we investigate if early woodcutting behaviour in Castoridae was driven by nutritional needs. We measured stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes (δ13C andδ15N) of coeval subfossil plants and beaver collagen (Dipoidessp.) from the Early Pliocene, High Arctic Beaver Pond fossil locality (Ellesmere Island), in order to reconstructDipoidessp. diet. Isotopic evidence indicates a diet of woody plants and freshwater macrophytes, supporting the hypothesis that this extinct semiaquatic beaver engaged in woodcutting behaviour for feeding purposes. In a phylogenetic context, the isotopic evidence implies that woodcutting and consumption of woody plants can be traced back to a small-bodied, semiaquatic Miocene castorid, suggesting that beavers have been consuming woody plants for over 20 million years. We propose that the behavioural complex (swimming, woodcutting, and consuming woody plants) preceded and facilitated the evolution of dam building. Dam building and food caching behaviours appear to be specializations for cold winter survival and may have evolved in response to late Neogene northern cooling.
Differential protein expression in diverse brain areas of Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s disease patients
Authors: Esteves A. R. , Cardoso S. M. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractMany hypotheses have been postulated to define the etiology of sporadic Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s disorders (PD and AD) but there is no consensus on what causes these devastating age-related diseases. Braak staging of both pathologies helped researchers to better understand the progression and to identify their prodromal and symptomatic phases. Indeed, it is well accepted that Lewy body pathology and neurofibrillary tangles appearance correlates with disease progression and severity of symptoms in PD and AD, respectively. Additionally, several studies in PD and AD models try to disclose which cellular mechanisms are defaulted and trigger the neurodegenerative process that culminates with neuronal death causing PD and AD classical symptomatology. Herein, we determined expression levels of proteins involved in microtubule assembly, autophagic-lysosomal pathway and unfolded protein response in the cortex, hippocampus and SNpc of PD and AD patients, vascular dementia patients and aged-match controls. The differential expression allowed us to determine which pathways are determinant to synaptic dysfunction and to establish a time line for disease progression. Our results allow us to challenge the hypothesis that both PD and AD pathologies are caused by α-synuclein or Aβ pathology propagation throughout the brain in a prion-like manner.
A novel transgenic mouse strain expressing PKCβII demonstrates expansion of B1 and marginal zone B cell populations
Authors: Azar Ali A. , Michie Alison M. , Tarafdar Anuradha , Malik Natasha , Menon Geetha K. , Till Kathleen J. , Vlatković Nikolina , Slupsky Joseph R. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractProtein kinase Cβ (PKCβ) expressed in mammalian cells as two splice variants, PKCβI and PKCβII, functions in the B cell receptor (BCR) signaling pathway and contributes to B cell development. We investigated the relative role of PKCβII in B cells by generating transgenic mice where expression of the transgene is directed to these cells using the Eµ promoter (Eµ-PKCβIItg). Our findings demonstrate that homozygous Eµ-PKCβIItg mice displayed a shift from IgD+IgMdimtoward IgDdimIgM+B cell populations in spleen, peritoneum and peripheral blood. Closer examination of these tissues revealed respective expansion of marginal zone (MZ)-like B cells (IgD+IgM+CD43negCD21+CD24+), increased populations of B-1 cells (B220+IgDdimIgM+CD43+CD24+CD5+), and higher numbers of immature B cells (IgDdimIgMdimCD21neg) at the expense of mature B cells (IgD+IgM+CD21+). Therefore, the overexpression of PKCβII, which is a phenotypic feature of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia cells, can skew B cell development in mice, most likely as a result of a regulatory influence on BCR signaling.
Health systems as venture capital investors in digital health: 2011–2019
Authors: Safavi Kyan C. , Cohen Adam B. , Ting David Y. , Chaguturu Sreekanth , Rowe Jack S. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractProvider health systems as venture capital investors in digital health are uniquely positioned in the industry. Little is known about the volume or characteristics of their investments and how these compare to other investors. From 2011 to 2019, we found that health systems made 184 investments in 105 companies. Compared with other investors, they were more likely to invest in companies focused on workflow, on-demand health services, and data infrastructure/interoperability.
Genomic analyses of a livestock pest, the New World screwworm, find potential targets for genetic control programs
Authors: Scott Maxwell J. , Benoit Joshua B. , Davis Rebecca J. , Bailey Samuel T. , Varga Virag , Martinson Ellen O. , Hickner Paul V. , Syed Zainulabeuddin , Cardoso Gisele A. , Torres Tatiana T. , Weirauch Matthew T. , Scholl Elizabeth H. , Phillippy Adam M. , Sagel Agustin , Vasquez Mario , Quintero Gladys , Skoda Steven R. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe New World Screwworm fly, Cochliomyia hominivorax, is a major pest of livestock in South America and Caribbean. However, few genomic resources have been available for this species. A genome of 534 Mb was assembled from long read PacBio DNA sequencing of DNA from a highly inbred strain. Analysis of molecular evolution identified 40 genes that are likely under positive selection. Developmental RNA-seq analysis identified specific genes associated with each stage. We identify and analyze the expression of genes that are likely important for host-seeking behavior (chemosensory), development of larvae in open wounds in warm-blooded animals (heat shock protein, immune response) and for building transgenic strains for genetic control programs including gene drive (sex determination, germline). This study will underpin future experiments aimed at understanding the parasitic lifestyle of the screwworm fly and greatly facilitate future development of strains for efficient systems for genetic control of screwworm.
Vocabulary Growth: Dual Language Learners at Risk for Language Impairment
Authors: Kan Pui Fong , Huang Shirley , Winicour Ellie , Yang Jerry 
Published: August 2020

Purpose
This research project examined the vocabulary growth patterns of typically developing (TD) Cantonese–English dual language learners (DLLs) and their peers who are at risk for language impairment.

Method
Two studies were done. Study 1 examined the concurrent validity of a pilot vocabulary screening measure, the Kai Ming Vocabulary Test, that was designed for Cantonese–English preschool DLLs. Participants were 53 preschool children who learned Cantonese as their first language (L1) and English as a second language (L2). Their scores on the Kai Ming Vocabulary Test were examined in relation to their language sample measures, including number of different words and mean length of utterance, in L1 and in L2. Study 2 examined the vocabulary growth patterns of 24 TD Cantonese–English DLL preschoolers and 24 DLLs who are at risk for language impairment (At-Risk group). Each child was tested 3 times during an academic year.

Results

Results of Study 1 showed that children's vocabulary scores (
n
= 53) were significantly correlated with their language sample measures in each language. In Study 2, hierarchical linear models were used to compare the TD and At-Risk groups. Results showed that children in the At-Risk group had lower L1 receptive vocabulary scores and children in the TD group had relatively higher L2 expressive vocabulary gains.

Conclusions
Children who are at risk are likely to continue to have lower vocabulary knowledge compared to their TD peers. The growth trajectories of DLLs provide valuable information for early identification and intervention.
Kommunikation und Versorgung in der Medizin
Authors: Schreitmüller Julia , Pfleiderer Bettina 
Published: August 2020

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGSoziale, aber auch biologische Geschlechteraspekte von Patienten sowie medizinischem Fachpersonal spielen eine wichtige Rolle im medizinischen Versorgungs- und Kommunikationsprozess. Studien bestätigen einen oft unbewussten „Gender Bias“, bei dem die Bedeutung von Geschlecht über- oder unterschätzt wird und damit Fehler während der Diagnose und Behandlung entstehen können. Patienten scheinen Symptome oft unterschiedlich wahrzunehmen und mitzuteilen. Aber auch Ärzte treffen zuweilen geschlechterabhängig unterschiedliche behandlungsrelevante Entscheidungen. Eine zunehmende Sensibilisierung des medizinischen Fachpersonals durch Forschung und Lehre, aber auch der breiten Öffentlichkeit ist dringend notwendig.
Reappraising the Diagnostic Accuracy of Post-Treatment Whole-Body
Scans for Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Nava Carla Fernanda , Scheffel Rafael Selbach , Zanella André Borsatto , Zelmanovitz Flavio , Maia Ana Luiza , Dora Jose Miguel 
Published: August 2020

AbstractInitial treatment for differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) often consists of
surgery and the administration of radioiodine. In this context, post-treatment
Whole-Body Scans (ptWBS) are currently recommended, but data on its diagnostic
accuracy are rare. The aim of the study was to evaluate the performance of ptWBS
for distant metastasis in DTC patients. We included DTC patients who received
radioiodine and underwent ptWBS between 2009–2015. The medical data were
independently reviewed by two specialists to evaluate the concordance of
positive distant ptWBS uptake and distant metastasis documented by imaging exams
(gold standard). We studied 268 DTC patients. The mean age was 46±16
years (82% women), and papillary thyroid carcinoma was diagnosed in
87% of the patients. The median tumor size was 2.7 cm,
40% had lymph node involvement, and 11% had distant metastasis.
Twenty-eight patients (10%) had distant ptWBS uptake, and nine of them
(32%) were false-positives. In addition, nine false-negative ptWBS
uptakes were identified. The overall performance of ptWBS showed 68%
sensitivity and 96% specificity with significantly different performance
according to the American Thyroid Association (ATA) risk groups. While the ptWBS
performance for ATA low-intermediate-risk showed 29% sensitivity,
97% specificity, and Kappa of 0.19, the ATA high-risk group ptWBS
displayed high sensitivity (82%), specificity (100%), and good
agreement (Kappa 0.74). ptWBS is useful for a subgroup of ATA high-risk DTC
patients. The overall poor performance of ptWBS suggests that it should be
reconsidered for routine use in ATA at low to intermediate risk: the exam has
little value to this subgroup.
Is There Really an Association of High Circulating Adiponectin
Concentration and Mortality or Morbidity Risk in Stable Coronary Artery
Disease?
Authors: Mayer Otto , Seidlerová Jitka , Bruthans Jan , Gelžinský Julius , Rychecká Martina , Mateřánková Markéta , Karnosová Petra , Wohlfahrt Peter , Cífková Renata , Filipovský Jan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAdiponectin has several beneficial properties, namely, on the level of
glucose metabolism, but paradoxically, its high concentrations were
associated with increased mortality. We aimed to clarify the impact of high
serum adiponectin on mortality and morbidity in patients with stable
coronary artery heart disease (CAD). A total of 973 patients after
myocardial infarction and/or coronary revascularization were
followed in a prospective cohort study. All-cause and cardiovascular (CV)
death, non-fatal cardiovascular events, and hospitalizations for heart
failure (HF) were registered as outcomes. High serum adiponectin levels
(≥8.58 ng/ml, i. e., above median) were
independently associated with increased risk of 5-year all-cause, CV
mortality or HF [with HRR 1.57 (95% CI: 1.07–2.30), 1.74
(95% CI: 1.08–2.81) or 1.94 (95% CI:
1.20–3.12), respectively] when adjusted just for conventional risk
factors. However, its significance disappeared if brain natriuretic peptide
(BNP) was included in a regression model. In line with this, we observed
strong collinearity of adiponectin and BNP. Additionally, major adverse
cardiovascular event (i. e., CV death, non-fatal myocardial
infarction or stroke, coronary revascularization) incidence risk was not
associated with high adiponectin. In conclusion, the observed inverse
association between adiponectin concentrations and mortality risk seems to
be attributable to concomitantly increased BNP, rather than high adiponectin
being a causal factor.