bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Carbon Capture and Utilization by mineralization of cement pastes derived from recycled concrete
Authors: Skocek Jan , Zajac Maciej , Ben Haha Mohsen 
Published: March 2020

AbstractReduction of CO2 emissions associated with cement production is challenging in view of the increasing cement demand and the fact that major part of the emissions originates from the main raw material used - limestone - which can be only to extremely low amount substituted. A Carbon Capture and Utilization (CCU) approach based on mineralization of fines derived from concrete appears to be a viable alternative to reduce these emissions. The CO2 sequestration and the reactivity of the obtained carbonated recycled fines is experimentally demonstrated for lab as well as industrial materials for different mineralization conditions. It is shown that all CO2 originally released by limestone calcination during clinker production can be sequestered by the full carbonation of the fines within a short time. Upon full carbonation, gels with pozzolanic properties form in the fines irrespective of the conditions tested. The carbonated fines have specific CO2 savings more than 30% higher than the simple clinker replacement by limestone.
N-Phenethyl Substitution in 14-Methoxy-N-methylmorphinan-6-ones Turns Selective µ Opioid Receptor Ligands into Dual µ/δ Opioid Receptor Agonists
Authors: Dumitrascuta Maria , Bermudez Marcel , Ben Haddou Tanila , Guerrieri Elena , Schläfer Lea , Ritsch Andreas , Hosztafi Sandor , Lantero Aquilino , Kreutz Christoph , Massotte Dominique , Schmidhammer Helmut , Wolber Gerhard , Spetea Mariana 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMorphine and structurally-derived compounds are µ opioid receptor (µOR) agonists, and the most effective analgesic drugs. However, their usefulness is limited by serious side effects, including dependence and abuse potential. The N-substituent in morphinans plays an important role in opioid activities in vitro and in vivo. This study presents the synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of new N-phenethyl substituted 14-O-methylmorphinan-6-ones. Whereas substitution of the N-methyl substituent in morphine (1) and oxymorphone (2) by an N-phenethyl group enhances binding affinity, selectivity and agonist potency at the µOR of 1a and 2a, the N-phenethyl substitution in 14-methoxy-N-methylmorphinan-6-ones (3 and 4) converts selective µOR ligands into dual µ/δOR agonists (3a and 4a). Contrary to N-methylmorphinans 1–4, the N-phenethyl substituted morphinans 1a–4a produce effective and potent antinociception without motor impairment in mice. Using docking and molecular dynamics simulations with the µOR, we establish that N-methylmorphinans 1–4 and their N-phenethyl counterparts 1a–4a share several essential receptor-ligand interactions, but also interaction pattern differences related to specific structural features, thus providing a structural basis for their pharmacological profiles. The emerged structure-activity relationships in this class of morphinans provide important information for tuning in vitro and in vivo opioid activities towards discovery of effective and safer analgesics.
Exploring the role of host specialisation and oxidative stress in interspecific lifespan variation in subtropical tephritid flies
Authors: Malod Kévin , Archer C. Ruth , Karsten Minette , Cruywagen Ruben , Howard Alexandra , Nicolson Susan W. , Weldon Christopher W. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn herbivorous insects, the degree of host specialisation may be one ecological factor that shapes lifespan. Because host specialists can only exploit a limited number of plants, their lifecycle should be synchronised with host phenology to allow reproduction when suitable hosts are available. For species not undergoing diapause or dormancy, one strategy to achieve this could be evolving long lifespans. From a physiological perspective, oxidative stress could explain how lifespan is related to degree of host specialisation. Oxidative stress caused by Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) might help underpin ageing (the Free Radical Theory of Aging (FRTA)) and mediate differences in lifespan. Here, we investigated how lifespan is shaped by the degree of host specialisation, phylogeny, oxidative damage accumulation and antioxidant protection in eight species of true fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae). We found that lifespan was not constrained by species relatedness or oxidative damage (arguing against the FRTA); nevertheless, average lifespan was positively associated with antioxidant protection. There was no lifespan difference between generalist and specialist species, but most of the tephritids studied had long lifespans in comparison with other dipterans. Long lifespan may be a trait under selection in fruit-feeding insects that do not use diapause.
Influence of the reactor environment on the selective area thermal etching of GaN nanohole arrays
Authors: Coulon Pierre-Marie , Feng Peng , Damilano Benjamin , Vézian Stéphane , Wang Tao , Shields Philip A. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSelective area thermal etching (SATE) of gallium nitride is a simple subtractive process for creating novel device architectures and improving the structural and optical quality of III-nitride-based devices. In contrast to plasma etching, it allows, for example, the creation of enclosed features with extremely high aspect ratios without introducing ion-related etch damage. We report how SATE can create uniform and organized GaN nanohole arrays from c-plane and (11–22) semi-polar GaN in a conventional MOVPE reactor. The morphology, etching anisotropy and etch depth of the nanoholes were investigated by scanning electron microscopy for a broad range of etching parameters, including the temperature, the pressure, the NH3 flow rate and the carrier gas mixture. The supply of NH3 during SATE plays a crucial role in obtaining a highly anisotropic thermal etching process with the formation of hexagonal non-polar-faceted nanoholes. Changing other parameters affects the formation, or not, of non-polar sidewalls, the uniformity of the nanohole diameter, and the etch rate, which reaches 6 µm per hour. Finally, the paper discusses the SATE mechanism within a MOVPE environment, which can be applied to other mask configurations, such as dots, rings or lines, along with other crystallographic orientations.
Association among chronic kidney disease, airflow limitation, and mortality in a community-based population: The Yamagata (Takahata) study
Authors: Suzuki Natsuko , Matsuki Eri , Araumi Akira , Ashitomi Sakiko , Watanabe Sayumi , Kudo Kosuke , Ichikawa Kazunobu , Inoue Sumito , Watanabe Masafumi , Ueno Yoshiyuki , Ishizawa Kenichi , Kayama Takamasa , Konta Tsuneo 
Published: March 2020

AbstractChronic kidney disease (CKD) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are known risk factors for mortality. In this study, we examined the overlap of CKD and airflow limitation (AFL) that characterises COPD and its effect on 10-year mortality in a community-based population. This study included 1,233 health check-up participants (mean age, 63.7 years; 46.7% men). We defined serum creatinine-based CKD (CKDcr) and serum cystatin C-based CKD (CKDcys) as glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min/1.73 m2, estimated using serum creatinine or cystatin C, and/or dipstick proteinuria ≥1+. AFL was defined as forced expiratory volume in 1 s to forced vital capacity ratio <70% on spirometry. Compared with subjects without AFL, those with AFL showed a significantly higher prevalence of CKDcys but not of CKDcr. Cox proportional hazard analysis adjusted for confounders showed that the hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) for all-cause mortality was 1.45 (0.77–2.63) in subjects with CKDcys alone, 1.29 (0.60–2.54) in those with AFL alone, and 2.94 (1.33–6.12) in those with both CKDcys and AFL, with subjects without both AFL and CKD as the reference. This study showed that AFL and CKDcys are strongly associated and that their overlap is a significant risk factor for mortality in community-based populations.
Architectural evolution in cocoons spun by Hyalophora (Lepidoptera; Saturniidae) silk moth species
Authors: Guerra Patrick A. , Lawson Lucinda P. , Gatto Lea J. , Albright Molly E. , Smith Scott J. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractCaterpillars of the silk moth genus Hyalophora (Lepidoptera; Saturniidae) construct multilayered cocoons that function as overwintering housing during the pupal to adult developmental period. While all cocoons share the primary function of protecting the developing moth, cocoons spun by different Hyalophora silk moth species vary significantly in architectural features and in the level of intraspecific cocoon-type polymorphism. We compared the cocoons of Hyalophora species found throughout North America and investigated the evolution of architectural variation. We first characterized and compared the architectural features of cocoons at all three cocoon sections (outer envelope, inner envelope, and the intermediate section that separates them), and found that variation in the outer envelope underlies the differences in architecture between cocoons. Phylogenetic analysis indicates ancestral polymorphic architecture (both “baggy” and “compact” morphs), with diversification within Hyalophora for both monomorphic “compact” cocoons, and increased intermediate space and silk in “baggy” lineages. The evolution of these traits suggests a potential functional role for the different cocoon architectural forms.
Structural basis for substrate and product recognition in human phosphoglucomutase-1 (PGM1) isoform 2, a member of the α-d-phosphohexomutase superfamily
Authors: Backe Paul Hoff , Laerdahl Jon K. , Kittelsen Lene Svendsen , Dalhus Bjørn , Mørkrid Lars , Bjørås Magnar 
Published: March 2020

AbstractHuman phosphoglucomutase 1 (PGM1) is an evolutionary conserved enzyme that belongs to the ubiquitous and ancient α-d-phosphohexomutases, a large enzyme superfamily with members in all three domains of life. PGM1 catalyzes the bi-directional interconversion between α-d-glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) and α-d-glucose 6-phosphate (G6P), a reaction that is essential for normal carbohydrate metabolism and also important in the cytoplasmic biosynthesis of nucleotide sugars needed for glycan biosynthesis. Clinical studies have shown that mutations in the PGM1 gene may cause PGM1 deficiency, an inborn error of metabolism previously classified as a glycogen storage disease, and PGM1 deficiency was recently also shown to be a congenital disorder of glycosylation. Here we present three crystal structures of the isoform 2 variant of PGM1, both as a free enzyme and in complex with its substrate and product. The structures show the longer N-terminal of this PGM1 variant, and the ligand complex structures reveal for the first time the detailed structural basis for both G1P substrate and G6P product recognition by human PGM1. We also show that PGM1 and the paralogous gene PGM5 are the results of a gene duplication event in a common ancestor of jawed vertebrates, and, importantly, that both PGM1 isoforms are conserved and of functional significance in all vertebrates. Our finding that PGM1 encodes two equally conserved and functionally important isoforms in the human organism should be taken into account in the evaluation of disease-related missense mutations in patients in the future.
Inner histopathologic changes and disproportionate zone volumes in foetal growth plates following gestational hypoglycaemia in rats
Authors: Jensen Vivi F. H. , Mølck Anne-Marie , Bøgh Ingrid B. , Nowak Jette , Viuff Birgitte M. , Rasmussen Charlotte L. M. , Pedersen Louise , Fels Johannes J. , Madsen Suzi H. , McGuigan Fiona E. , Tveden-Nyborg Pernille , Lykkesfeldt Jens , Akesson Kristina E. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMaternal hypoglycaemia throughout gestation until gestation day (GD)20 delays foetal growth and skeletal development. While partially prevented by return to normoglycaemia after completed organogenesis (GD17), underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, we investigated the pathogenesis of these changes and significance of maternal hypoglycaemia extending beyond organogenesis in non-diabetic rats. Pregnant rats received insulin-infusion until GD20 or GD17, with sacrifice on GD20. Hypoglycaemia throughout gestation increased maternal corticosterone levels, which correlated with foetal levels. Growth plates displayed central histopathologic changes comprising disrupted cellular organisation, hypertrophic chondrocytes, and decreased cellular density; expression of pro-angiogenic factors, HIF-1α and VEGF-A increased in surrounding areas. Disproportionately decreased growth plate zone volumes and lower expression of the structural protein MATN-3 were seen, while bone ossification parameters were normal. Ending maternal/foetal hypoglycaemia on GD17 reduced incidence and severity of histopathologic changes and with normal growth plate volume. Compromised foetal skeletal development following maternal hypoglycaemia throughout gestation is hypothesised to result from corticosterone-induced hypoxia in growth plates, where hypoxia disrupts chondrocyte maturation and growth plate structure and volume, decreasing long bone growth. Maternal/foetal hypoglycaemia lasting only until GD17 attenuated these changes, suggesting a pivotal role of glucose in growth plate development.
Primary productivity connects hilsa fishery in the Bay of Bengal
Authors: Hossain M. Shahadat , Sarker Subrata , Sharifuzzaman S. M. , Chowdhury Sayedur Rahman 
Published: March 2020

AbstractTropical hilsa shad (Tenualosa ilisha) contributes significantly to the society and economy of Bangladesh, India and Myanmar, but little is known about their habitats across the life cycle and their relationship with environmental drivers. This study describes spatial and temporal variability of productivity in the Bay of Bengal (BoB) relating to hilsa fishery. Decadal data on net primary productivity, nutrients (i.e. nitrate, phosphate and silicate) and zooplankton were collected from Aqua MODIS, world ocean database and COPEPOD respectively with spatial resolution 1°×1°. Moreover, monthly abundance of phytoplankton, hilsa catch and long-term catch dynamics were analyzed to determine the associations between variables. The present study was extended over 3.568 million km2 area, of which 0.131–0.213 million km2 area characterized as the most productive with net primary production of >2,000 mg C/m2/day, 0.373–0.861 million km2 area as moderately productive with 500–2,000 mg C/m2/day, and 2.517–3.040 million km2 area as the least productive with <500 mg C/m2/day which were consistent with field verification data. In case of nutrients, the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna (GBM) delta was rich in nitrate and phosphate than that of the Ayeyarwady delta, while silicate concentration persisted high all over the northern BoB including the deltas. A peak abundance of phytoplankton was observed in GBM delta during the months of August-November, when ~80% of total hilsa are harvested in Bangladesh annually. Variations in seasonal productivity linked with nutrients and phytoplankton abundance are important factors for predicting hilsa habitat and their migration patterns in the deltaic regions and shelf waters of BoB. These results can be useful in forecasting potential responses of the hilsa in BoB ecosystem to changing global ocean productivity.
Genome-wide analyses disclose the distinctive HLA architecture and the pharmacogenetic landscape of the Somali population
Authors: Ali Abshir A. , Aalto Mikko , Jonasson Jon , Osman Abdimajid 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAfrican populations are underrepresented in medical genomics studies. For the Somali population, there is virtually no information on genomic markers with significance to precision medicine. Here, we analyzed nearly 900,000 genomic markers in samples collected from 95 unrelated individuals in the North Eastern Somalia. ADMIXTURE program for estimation of individual ancestries revealed a homogenous Somali population. Principal component analysis with PLINK software showed approximately 60% East African and 40% West Eurasian genes in the Somali population, with a close relation to the Cushitic and Semitic speaking Ethiopian populations. We report the unique features of human leukocyte antigens (HLA) in the Somali population, which seem to differentiate from all other neighboring regions compared. Current study identified high prevalence of the diabetes type 1 (T1D) predisposing HLA DR-DQ haplotypes in Somalia. This finding may explain the increased T1D risk observed among Somali children. In addition, ethnic Somalis were found to host the highest frequencies observed thus far for several pharmacogenetic variants, including UGT1A4*2. In conclusion, we report that the Somali population displays genetic traits of significance to health and disease. The Somali dataset is publicly available and will add more information to the few genomic datasets available for African populations.
Out-of-clinic measurement of sweat chloride using a wearable sensor during low-intensity exercise
Authors: Choi Dong-Hoon , Kitchen Grant B. , Jennings Mark T. , Cutting Garry R. , Searson Peter C. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWearable sensors have the potential to enable measurement of sweat chloride outside the clinic. Here we assess the feasibility of mild exercise as an alternative to pilocarpine iontophoresis for sweat generation. The results from this proof-of-concept study suggest that mild exercise could be a feasible approach to obtain reliable measurements of sweat chloride concentration within 20–30 min using a wearable sensor.
Distribution of aluminium in hydrated leaves of tea (Camellia sinensis) using synchrotron- and laboratory-based X-ray fluorescence microscopy
Authors: van der Ent Antony , Kopittke Peter M , Paterson David J , Casey Lachlan W , Nkrumah Philip Nti 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Aluminium (Al) is highly toxic to plant growth, with soluble concentrations being elevated in the ∼40% of arable soils worldwide that are acidic. Determining the distribution of Al in plant tissues is important for understanding the mechanisms by which it is toxic and how some plants tolerate high concentrations. Synchrotron- and laboratory-based X-ray fluorescence microscopy (XFM) is a powerful technique to quantitatively analyse the distribution of elements, including in hydrated and living plants. However, analysis of light elements (z &lt; phosphorus) is extremely challenging due to signal losses in air, and the unsuitability of vacuum environments for (fresh) hydrated plant tissues. This study uses XFM in a helium environment to avoid Al signal loss to reveal the distribution of Al in hydrated plant tissues of Tea (Camellia sinensis). The results show that Al occurs in localised areas across the foliar surface, whereas in cross-sections Al is almost exclusively concentrated in the apoplastic space above and in between adaxial epidermal cells. This distribution of Al is related to the Al tolerance of this species, and accumulation of phytotoxic elements in the apoplastic space, away from sensitive processes such as photosynthesis in the palisade mesophyll cells, is a common tolerance mechanism reported in many different plant species. This study develops an XFM method on both synchrotron and laboratory sources that overcomes the drawbacks of existing analytical techniques, permitting measurement of light elements down to Al in (fresh) hydrated plant tissues.
Cyclin D1 promotes secretion of pro-oncogenic immuno-miRNAs and piRNAs
Authors: Lü Jinhui , Zhao Qian , Ding Xin , Guo Yuefan , Li Yuan , Xu Zhen , Li Shujun , Wang Zhongrui , Shen Lei , Chen Huang-wen , Yu Zuoren , Pestell Richard G. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The molecular mechanisms governing the secretion of the non-coding genome are poorly understood. We show herein that cyclin D1, the regulatory subunit of the cyclin-dependent kinase that drives cell-cycle progression, governs the secretion and relative proportion of secreted non-coding RNA subtypes (miRNA, rRNA, tRNA, CDBox, scRNA, HAcaBox. scaRNA, piRNA) in human breast cancer. Cyclin D1 induced the secretion of miRNA governing the tumor immune response and oncogenic miRNAs. miR-21 and miR-93, which bind Toll-Like Receptor 8 to trigger a pro-metastatic inflammatory response, represented &gt;85% of the cyclin D1-induced secreted miRNA transcripts. Furthermore, cyclin D1 regulated secretion of the P-element Induced WImpy testis (PIWI)-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) including piR-016658 and piR-016975 that governed stem cell expansion, and increased the abundance of the PIWI member of the Argonaute family, piwil2 in ERα positive breast cancer. The cyclin D1-mediated secretion of pro-tumorigenic immuno-miRs and piRNAs may contribute to tumor initiation and progression.
miR-210 transferred by lung cancer cell-derived exosomes may act as proangiogenic factor in cancer-associated fibroblasts by modulating JAK2/STAT3 pathway
Authors: Fan Junqiang , Xu Guanxin , Chang Zhibo , Zhu Ling , Yao Jie 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
It has been generally believed that cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) have the ability to increase the process of tumor angiogenesis. However, the potential mechanisms by which cancer-derived exosomes in lung cancer (LC) remains to be investigated. LC-derived exosomes were administrated to NIH/3T3 cells. A variety of experiments were conducted to investigate the proangiogenic factors of CAFs, including Western blot, RT-PCR, colony formation assay, tube formation assay, Matrigel plug assay et al. In addition, the impact of JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway were also explored. The role of hsa-miR-210 was identified with microarray profiling and validated in vitro and in vivo assays. The target of miR-210 was screened by RNA pull down, RNA-sequencing and then verified. It was shown that LC-derived exosomes could induce cell reprogramming, thus promoting the fibroblasts transferring into CAFs. In addition, the exosomes with overexpressed miR-210 could increase the level of angiogenesis and vice versa, which suggested the miR-210 secreted by the LC-derived exosomes may initiate the CAF proangiogenic switch. According to our analysis, the miR-210 had the ability of elevating the expression of some proangiogenic factors such as MMP9, FGF2 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) a (VEGFa) by activating the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway, ten-eleven translocation 2 (TET2) was identified as the target of miR-210 in CAFs which has been involved in proangiogenic switch. miR-210 was overexpressed in serum exosomes of untreated non-small cell LC (NSCLC) patients. We concluded that the promotion effect of exosomal miR-210 on proangiogenic switch of CAFs may be explained by the modulation of JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway and TET2 in recipient fibroblasts.
Short-chain fatty acid, acylation and cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Chen Xiao-Feng , Chen Xiangqi , Tang Xiaoqiang 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Metabolic dysfunction is a fundamental core mechanism underlying CVDs. Previous studies generally focused on the roles of long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) in CVDs. However, a growing body of study has implied that short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs: namely propionate, malonate, butyrate, 2-hydroxyisobutyrate (2-HIBA), β-hydroxybutyrate, crotonate, succinate, and glutarate) and their cognate acylations (propionylation, malonylation, butyrylation, 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation, β-hydroxybutyrylation, crotonylation, succinylation, and glutarylation) participate in CVDs. Here, we attempt to provide an overview landscape of the metabolic pattern of SCFAs in CVDs. Especially, we would focus on the SCFAs and newly identified acylations and their roles in CVDs, including atherosclerosis, hypertension, and heart failure.