bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spiders and Carabid beetles as the elements of arthropod’s diversity in ecosystems of Lva-Stvyga inter-river area (Rivne province, Ukraine)
Authors:   Institute of Ecology of the Carpathians, NAS of Ukraine, Hirna A. , Kanarsky Yu. ,   Institute of Ecology of the Carpathians, NAS of Ukraine, Yavornytsky V. ,   Institute of Ecology of the Carpathians, NAS of Ukraine
Published: November 2020

The series of epigeibiontic Arthropoda communities are investigated in several fo­rest and woodland ecosystems of Lva-Stvyga inter-river area within Volyn Polissia region of Ukraine. This is remoted district with peculiar ecological features as well as dominancy of oligotrophic forest and peat-bog ecosystems. The material of epigeibiontic arthropods was collected in spring and summer 2015 by the method of Barber’s pitfall traps. There are three pilot areas explored: 1) wet oligotrophic pine woodland (Ledo-Pinion); 2) late secondary succession of wet oligotrophic pine woodland cutting area; 3) dry oligotrophic pine woodland on the sands (Dicrano-Pinion). In total, 186 species of epigeibiontic arthropods were explored. There were found 75 species of spiders (Araneae) and 27 species of ground beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) among them. Along with that, the ants (Formicidae) have dominancy within related communities with an amount about 82–87 % of total arthropod individual’s number, and Araneae both with Carabidae exceed 6–7 % of this number. Nevertheless, there are nine spider species found for the first time for Ukrainian Polissia region and 1 species – Gnaphosa nigerrima – for the territory of Ukraine. One Carabid beetle species (Cymindis vaporariorum) was found at the first time for West Polissia region of Ukraine. There is also a number of rare and less known Araneae and Carabidae species found. Thus, the species composition and structure of explored Araneae & Carabidae communities show many specific features, which are caused by characteristic ecological and biogeographical peculiarities of oligotrophic ecosystems within investigated area. Following research of related taxonomical groups has to be directed to the wider spectrum of ecosystems covering, especially to peat-bog and mire complexes as unique protected habitats in Ukraine and the European Union.
Compound effect of nitrates and biotic factors on the in vitro activity of epithelial cilia of outer demibranchs of Sinanodonta woodiana (Mollusca, Bivalvia, Unionidae)
Authors:   Zhytomyr Ivan Franko State University, Stadnychenko A. , Uvayeva O. ,   Zhytomyr Polytechnic State University, Vyskushenko A. ,   Zhytomyr Ivan Franko State University
Published: November 2020

Effects of MPC, 2 MPC, and 3MPC water solutions of potassium nitrate and biotic factors (trematode infection and “gill pregnancy”) were studied on the duration of locomotion and beat frequency of epithelial cilia of outer demibranchs of Sinanodonta woodiаna (Lea, 1834). The species has recently invaded the system of water bodies of Ukraine. It has occupied numerous water bodies in the Kiliya distributary of Danube Delta, establishing populations of density and biomass. Statistically significant differences by the studied parameters of ciliary epithelium (duration of locomotion and beat frequency of cilia) were not observed in the control group of non-infected males and latent females of S. woodiana. In females with “gill pregnancy”, the duration of ciliary locomotion decreased by 1.5 times, and beat frequency by 1.4 times (P>99.9 %). It should be noted that the outer surface of demibranchs of female mollusks was completely covered by the filled to the brim marsupial pockets. Thus, the functional load of gills is high, leading to the development of compensatory processes in experimental animals. The processes induce increased effectiveness of protective factors that counteract them. Another biotic factor negatively affecting the experimental pond mussels was the high rates of trematode infection in the hosts’ reproductive glands which contained sporocysts and cercariae of Rhipidocotyle campanula Dujardin, 1845. Prevalence of that infection ranged from 50 to 100 %. These rates of infection were associated with sharply declining functions of cilia of the gill epithelium in studied animals. The compound pathogenic influence of parasite and “gill pregnancy” factors even more affected the functional parameters of outer gill ciliary epithelium. The MPC levels of toxicant in the water medium were accompanied with the first symptom of intoxication of the Chinese pond mussel, the stage of stimulation. At that point, the functional parameters of epithelial cilia of “pregnant” females and in moderately and weakly infected mollusks of both sexes increased in response to exposure to the toxic factor. With the growing concentrations of toxicant to 2 MPC and 3 MPC, the experimental pond mussels developed the pathological process of intoxication, which progressed from the stage of depression to sublethal and lethal stages. Accordingly, the locomotion activity of ciliary epithelium increasingly declined and, in the end, stopped. The “gill pregnancy” and high rates of trematode infection exacerbated the consequences of the process.
Determination of Glyphosate in human urine from farmers in Mato Grosso-BR
Authors: De Melo Karolyne Gramlich , Ferreira Jacobucci Siomara Regina , Garlipp Celia Regina , Zanaga Trape Ângelo , Pires Rosa Paulo César 
Published: November 2020

This study was conducted based on the evaluation of glyphosate levels present in rural workers in the region of Nova Mutum-MT. We analyzed 90 urine samples from farmers between 2017 and 2018. The samples were analyzed based on the development of the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC-FL) method. The results showed that 12% of the farmers presented glyphosate levels, but that the highest concentration determined by the method used was not above the limits allowed by Brazilian regulators. The HPLC-FL method proved to be practical and accurate for the determination of glyphosate in urine samples with limits of detection and quantification of 0.34 and 1.15ng/mL, respectively.
These data show the importance of evaluating the occupational exposure of farmers to adopt strategies for the biomonitoring of this region, considering that casual exposures to pesticides can generate health risks, as well as cases of intoxication.
Study of the antero-posterior position of the mental foramen in the Nepalese population using digital Panoramic Radiograph
Authors: Khanal Pranaya , Chaudhary Bikash , Twayana Rajesh 
Published: November 2020

Background: Mental foramen is an important landmark to be considered when operating in the anterior mandible. It is mandatory to identify the location of the foramen to prevent injury to mental nerve and subsequent paresthesia.
Objectives: The objective of this study was to identify the position of the mental foramen in relation to the mandibular premolars and first molar in patients visiting Kathmandu Medical College, Department of Oral Surgery, Duwakot using the Orthopantomogram.
Methodology: A total of 200 digital panoramic radiographs of 92 males and 108 females in the age range of 20-50 years were collected. Consequently, 184 mental foraminain males and 216 mental foraminain females were evaluated. The outline of the mandible along with canine, first premolar, second premolar, and first molar was traced. The mental foramen opening was also traced and the position wasevaluated in relation to the first, second premolars and first molar.
Results: Out of 400 foramina, 217 (54.2%) were located between the first and second premolar, i.e. position 3. The second most commonlocationof 152 (38%) foramina was in line with the second premolar, i.e. position 4. Position 2, i.e. in line with the first premolar was seen in 4% and position 5, i.e. between the second premolar and first molar was seen in 3.5%. The left side (29.2%) had a higher occurrence of position 3 as compared to the right side (25%).
Conclusion: The location of mental foramen should be identified in all surgeries involving the anterior mandible as this will help us prevent injury to the mental nerve.In our population, position 3 was the most common location of the mental foramen.
Acute appendicitis and acute mesenteric adenitis in children: Are they clinically distinguishable?
Authors: Pokhrel Manish 
Published: November 2020

Background: Acute appendicitis and acute mesenteric adenitis have very similar clinical presentations but radically different treatment approaches in children.
Objectives: This study aims to test the possibility of clinically distinguishing between acute appendicitis and acute mesenteric adenitis.
Methodology: A cross-sectional study was designed to recruit all children (<16 years) presenting to Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital with acute abdominal pain between July 2019 and November 2019. An initial diagnosis was made using clinical and laboratory data. Then all patients were subjected to ultrasound evaluation. The final diagnosis was based on the radiological or histopathological examination. The Paediatric Appendicitis score was calculated retrospectively, and a logistic regression model was used to assess the diagnostic accuracy of the clinical parameters.
Results: A total of 107 patients were analysed. Among them, 31(28.97%) had acute appendicitis and 34 (31.77%) had acute mesenteric adenitis as the final diagnosis. The positive predictive value of clinical diagnosis was 0.91 for acute appendicitis and 0.73 for acute mesenteric adenitis, for Paediatric Appendicitis Score was 0.77 and for the predictive model to diagnose acute mesenteric adenitis was 0.89. Ultrasound had a positive predictive value of 0.97 to diagnose acute appendicitis and 0.94 to diagnose acute mesenteric adenitis.
Conclusion: Although several clinical parameters show promise in differentiating AA from AMA, relying solely on clinical differentiation is not accurate enough to prevent diagnostic errors. It is still recommended to utilise abdominal ultrasound for the assessment of abdominal pain in children.
Laparoscopic pyeloplasty for pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction: Our single center experience
Authors: Joshi Robin 
Published: November 2020

Background: Open pyeloplasty is considered as the gold standard for the treatment of pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction. Laparoscopic pyeloplasty has added advantages with equivalent success rate and low complication rate.
Objectives: The aim is to study our experiences in laparoscopic retroperitoneal and transperitoneal pyeloplasty.
Methodology: Sixty-five patients with pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction were included in the study. The study was conducted between October 2016 and May 2019 at Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital. Pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction was evaluated by ultrasound and intravenous or computed tomography urography. Clinical history, hospital stay, complications, success rate and functional outcome were analyzed. Statistical analysis was done using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences,version 20.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). A p-value < 0.05 was taken as significant. Followup of the patients was carried out for six to twelve months clinically and radiologically.
Results: Laparoscopic transperitoneal pyeloplasty was performed in 27 males and 8 females. Retroperitoneal pyeloplasty was performed in 30 cases (20 males and 10 females). The mean age was 20.26 ± 3.92 years for all cases. Operative time was longer in retroperitoneal group. There were four conversions in retroperitoneal group. Mean hospital stay was longer in retroperitoneal group with significant p-value<0.001. Success rate was almost similar in both groups with insignificant p-value of 0.46.
Conclusion: Transperitoneal laparoscopic pyeloplasty group achieved better results than retroperitoneal pyeloplasty group in terms of hospital stay, complication and drain placement but with almost similar success rate.
Volar versus dorsal surgical approaches in fractures of proximal radius in adults: A prospective randomized controlled trial
Authors: Rijal Nishchal , Shrestha Bikram Prasad , Kalawar Rosan PS , Pokharel Bishnu , Baral Pramod 
Published: November 2020

Background: Open reduction and internal fixation with plates and screws is the standard treatment for both-bone forearm fractures in adults. For fractures of the proximal one-third or half of the radius, both the volar (Henry) and dorsal (Thompson) approaches are employed and each one has its own advantages and disadvantages.
Objectives: The aim of the study was to compare the functional outcome, intraoperative parameters, complications and duration of union between the two approaches.
Methodology: The randomized controlled trial was conducted in the Department of Orthopaedics, B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences (BPKIHS), Dharan, over a period of 12 months (October 2017 to September 2018). Fifty patients with proximal radius fractures were randomized into two groups: Group A and Group B. Patients in Group A (n=25) underwent surgery via the volar approach whereas those in Group B (n=25) via the dorsal approach. They were evaluated on the second postoperative day and at 2, 6, 12 and 24 weeks postoperatively with regards to functional outcome, clinical and radiologic signs of fracture union and complications.
Results: The difference in the intraoperative parameters (length of incision, duration of surgery, tourniquet time) was not statistically significant between the two groups (p-values > 0.05). There was a progressive increase in range of motion (ROM) and a progressive decrease in the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) scores, signifying improving functional outcome in both the groups during patient follow-up (p-values > 0.05). Three cases of posterior interosseous nerve (PIN) palsies (one in the volar group and two in the dorsal group), one case of deep surgical site infection in the volar group and one case of nonunion in the dorsal group were encountered.
Conclusion: The surgical approaches were comparable in terms of functional outcome, intraoperative parameters, complications and time to union. Though cases with PIN palsy were seen in both the groups, the difference in the occurrences was not statistically significant. As both the approaches were associated with a low rate of complications, either can be used based on the preference of the operating surgeon. However, large scale multicenter studies are necessary to recommend guidelines on the choice of surgical approach for proximal radius fractures in adults.
Robotics in Education. A Survey Report: A Case Study
Authors: Smyrnova-Trybulska Eugenia , Staniek Dawid , Zegzuła Dominika 
Published: November 2020

This article analyses various aspects of using robotics in education and examines the level of preparation and motivation of children and pupils. The authors carry out a comprehensive review of research and scientific publications regarding technological, didactical, methodological, and human aspects of using robotics in education. The article presents a report on a survey on pupils’ opinion on robotics in education, which was conducted during the third Silesian Science Festival, and discusses the exhibition stand presenting innovative digital technologies and methods in education and business as well as Photon robots.
Innovative Digital Technologies in Education and Business at the Third Annual Silesian Science Festival 2019
Authors: Smyrnova-Trybulska Eugenia , Zegzuła Dominika , Staniek Dawid 
Published: November 2020

The Silesian Science Festival is an annual event organised by the University of Silesia in Katowice in cooperation with the Silesian University of Technology, Medical University of Silesia, the Jan Długosz University in Częstochowa, Academy of Fine Arts in Katowice, and The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in Katowice. At the festival, specialists from almost all scientific/academic fields meet in one place.
Management of pain treatment in the early postoperative period. Practice of using ketorolac. A clinical case
Authors: Dmytriiev Dmytro , Andriiets A , Andriiets E , Bankivsky V , Yatsenko S 
Published: November 2020

The current strategy of rational perioperative analgesia involves reducing the use of opioid analgesics and preventing associated side effects. Today it is known that the use of opioid analgesics can further lead to the development of hyperalgesia. Opioid-induced hyperalgesia is an adaptive response of the body in response to exogenous administration of opioids, the mechanisms of development of which are associated with the activation of the central glutamatergic system and the release of spinal dinorphins. In contrast, gabapentin, NSAIDs, and ketamine have opioid-preserving properties, reducing the number of opioid-associated side effects. Hyperalgesia is a condition that underlies the formation of chronic pain and develops regardless of the degree of postoperative wound repair.
For the treatment of pain in the postoperative period, the main group of treatment agents are opioid analgesics, which are prescribed to 60% of patients. However, with severe pain, there is a need for opioids in doses that exceed the standard recommended. It is known that the tactics of increasing the dose of opioid analgesics leads to an increase in the frequency of adverse reactions: severe sedation, respiratory depression, nausea, vomiting, intestinal paresis, dysfunction of the biliary and urinary systems, hallucinations. In order to reduce side effects, the doctor reduces the dose of opioids, which is accompanied by inadequate analgesia.
Given the above, clinicians prescribe additional drugs of other drug groups that can enhance the analgesic effect of opioids. An important aspect is the ability to reduce the dose of opioids.
Our data and data of other authors. Until recently, NSAIDs were rarely used in intensive care units, mainly in mild to moderate pain.
Implementasi Web Application Firewall Dalam Mencegah Serangan SQL Injection Pada Website
Authors: Bangkit Wiguna  , Adi Prabowo Wahyu , Ananda Ridho 
Published: November 2020

Dalam beberapa tahun terakhir perkembangan teknologi informasi menjadi semakin pesat, perkembangan ini membuat segala aktifitas dan pekerjaan menjadi lebih mudah, seperti halnya untuk mengakses berita maupun informasi. Salah satu media yang sering digunakan untuk menemukan berbagai macam informasi pada saat ini yaitu website. Banyaknya website yang ada pada saat ini membuat ia sering dijadikan sasaran berbagai jenis serangan web yang beragam seperti SQL injection. Sehingga diperlukan suatu sistem yang mampu memberikan solusi dalam pengamanan website. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode web application firewall karena metode ini mampu untuk menjadi security system dalam mengamankan suatu website dari serangan. Metode web application firewall dilakukan dengan memblokir serangan sql injection yang masuk berdasarkan konfigurasi rules yang telah ditetapkan. Dan dari hasil penelitian ini serangan SQL injection yang telah diujicobakan pada website berhasil diblokir sehingga membuat website menjadi aman dari serangan tersebut..

Kata kunci: Keamanan, Serangan Web, SQL injection, Website, Web Application Firewall.

Abstract
In the last few years the development of information technology has become increasingly rapid, this has made all activities and jobs easier, such as accessing news and information. One of the media that is often used to find various kinds of information at this time is the website. The large number of websites that exist today makes it a frequent target of various types of web attacks such as SQL injection. So we need a system that is able to provide solutions in securing a website. This research uses a web firewall application method because this method is able to become a security system on a website from attacks. The firewall web application method is carried out by the sql injection attack method which is entered based on predefined rules. And from the results of this study, the SQL injection attack that was tested on the website was successful so that it made the website safe from these attacks.
Keywords: Security, Web Attack, SQL injection, Website, Web Application Firewall
Psychological resistance of student youth to information stress in the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors:   Russian State Social University, Kislyakov Pavel A. 
Published: November 2020

Introduction. Self-isolation, accompanied by intensive inclusion in the digital information environment, has led to a deterioration in students’ psychological well-being and the emergence of information stress. Information stress is associated with the compulsive use of social networks, viewing aggressive news content, disseminating misinformation. The purpose of the study was to study the features of information behavior, psychological stability and ways to cope with information stress for Russian students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Study participants and methods. The sample consisted of 218 students from Moscow and Ivanovo aged 18 to 26 (M=19.5) (33% men, 67% women). A specially developed questionnaire was used to identify the features of students’ information behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic; to assess psychological stability and determine coping strategies in conditions of information stress, the methodology “Questionnaire of Coping Methods” (QCM) was used (R. Lazarus, S. Folkman, in Russian-language adaptation by T.L. Kryukova, E.V. Kuftyak, M.S. Zamyshlyaeva). Results and scientific novelty. The cluster analysis allowed identifying four types of students’ information behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic: phobic (20%), cognitive (45%), nihilistic (20%) and circulating behavior (15%). To a greater extent, in order to cope with information stress during the COVID-19 pandemic, student youth use constructive coping strategies for planning (xave = 58.5±21.7), positive reassessment (xave = 51.9±19.3), self-control (xave = 47.5±17.8), characterized by a purposeful analysis of the situation and possible behavior options, including the determination of personal development directions. Besides, a significant part of students resort to the use of destructive coping strategies of avoidance, confrontation, distancing, caused by negative experiences, leading to the circulation of unofficial information about the pandemic. Half of the respondents need social support. The regression analysis made it possible to identify predictors of psychological resistance (coping strategies) to information stress during the COVID-19 pandemic. Practical significance. The identified types of information behavior can be used in educational work with students and their psychological support in order to personalize the communicative impact, as well as in the monitoring system of students’ psychological state and their perception of risks, the level of awareness and trust in the information received, the adoption of established rules and the willingness to follow them.