bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Salivary diagnostics of the novel coronavirus SARS‐CoV‐2 (COVID‐19)
Authors: Michailidou Evangelia , Poulopoulos Athanasios , Tzimagiorgis Georgios 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIntroductionLaboratory testing for the SARS‐CoV‐2 virus and the consequent respiratory coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is categorized into methods that detect the viral presence and methods that detect antibodies produced in the host as a response to infection. Methods that detect viral presence into the host excretions measure current infection by SARS‐CoV‐2, whereas the detection of human antibodies exploited against SARS‐CoV‐2 evaluates the past exposure to the virus.ObjectiveThis review provides a comprehensive overview for the use of saliva as a specimen for the detection of SARS‐CoV‐2, the methods for the salivary diagnostics utilized till very recently, and the arisen considerations for the diagnosis of COVID‐19 disease.ConclusionThe major advantage of using saliva as a specimen for the detection of SARS‐CoV‐2 is that saliva collection is a non‐invasive method which produces no discomfort to the patient and permits the patients to utilize home self‐sampling techniques in order to protect health providers from the exposure to the pathogen. There is an urgent need to increase the active research for the detection of SARS‐CoV‐2 in the saliva because the non‐invasive salivary diagnostics may provide a reliable and cost‐effective method suitable for the fast and early detection of COVID‐19 infection.
The unfolded protein and integrated stress response in melanoma and vitiligo
Authors: Manga Prashiela , Choudhury Noshin 
Published: November 2020

AbstractEpidermal melanocytes are constantly exposed to environmental stressors such as ultraviolet light (UV) and chemotoxins. Several evolutionarily conversed survival mechanisms are deployed to ensure melanocyte recovery after damage including the unfolded protein response (UPR) and integrated stress response (ISR). The UPR/ISR promote restoration of homeostasis, by modulating transcription and translation as well as activating nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (NRF2)‐mediated antioxidant activity. If repair fails, the UPR/ISR either stimulate cell death, or adaptation that can lead to survival of damaged cells and promote disease. For example, the UPR/ISR may support melanomagenesis by allowing UV‐damaged, mutated cells to survive and adapt to a hostile tumor microenvironment that subjects cells to hypoxia, nutrient deprivation, and sub‐optimal pH. The UPR and ISR can also promote transcriptional changes that support tumor growth and/or metastasis. Furthermore, these pathways may also underlie acquisition of chemoresistance and modulation of protein expression that alters the efficacy of immunotherapies. UPR activation has also been implicated in the pathogenesis of vitiligo and may promote increased expression of chemokines such as interleukin 6 and interleukin 8 that trigger an autoimmune response against melanocytes. We herein review the potential roles of the UPR/ISR in the etiology of melanoma and vitiligo.
Draft genome and transcriptome analyses of halophyte rice Oryza coarctata provide resources for salinity and submergence stress response factors
Authors: Bansal Juhi , Gupta Khushboo , Rajkumar Mohan Singh , Garg Rohini , Jain Mukesh 
Published: November 2020

IntroductionOryza coarctata is a wild relative of rice that has adapted to diverse ecological environments, including high salinity and submergence. Thus, it can provide an important resource for discovering candidate genes/factors involved in tolerance to these stresses. Here, we report a draft genome assembly of 573 Mb comprised of 8877 scaffolds with N50 length of 205 kb. We predicted a total of 50,562 protein‐coding genes, of which a significant fraction was found to be involved in secondary metabolite biosynthesis and hormone signal transduction pathways. Several salinity and submergence stress‐responsive protein‐coding and long noncoding RNAs involved in diverse biological processes were identified using RNA‐sequencing data. Based on small RNA sequencing, we identified 168 unique miRNAs and 3219 target transcripts (coding and noncoding) involved in several biological processes, including abiotic stress responses. Further, whole genome bisulphite sequencing data analysis revealed at least 19%–48% methylcytosines in different sequence contexts and the influence of methylation status on gene expression. The genome assembly along with other datasets have been made publicly available at http://ccbb.jnu.ac.in/ory-coar. Altogether, we provide a comprehensive genomic resource for understanding the regulation of salinity and submergence stress responses and identification of candidate genes/factors involved for functional genomics studies.
Upper Pleistocene parabolic ridges (i.e. ‘chevrons’) from the Bahamas: Storm‐wave sediments or aeolian deposits? A quantitative approach
Authors: Vimpere Lucas , Del Piero Nicoló , Shawwa Nabil A. , Beguelin Karim , Kindler Pascal , Castelltort Sébastien 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe Upper Pleistocene (Marine Isotope Stage 5e; ca 120 ka) stratigraphic record from the Bahamas comprises large, kilometre‐long parabolic ridges of oolitic composition, that point landward, and have been up to now called ‘chevrons’. A debate about their genesis has led previous researchers to consider two processes of deposition: (i) a catastrophic event involving giant storm‐generated waves produced by specific climatic conditions at the end of Marine Isotope Stage 5e; and (ii) a more uniformitarian process which characterizes ‘chevrons’ as aeolian parabolic dunes because of their similar morphology. Since there are few unequivocal sedimentological criteria to discriminate aeolian from water‐deposited sediments, only a quantitative, multi‐method approach could provide enough evidence to produce a viable diagnosis on the genetic processes involved. Following this reasoning, the quantification of the morphological parameters of ‘chevrons’, a precise study of their sedimentary structures on previously and newly discovered sections, and several statistical grain‐size analyses, all advocate for an aeolian origin. Moreover, when the aforementioned characteristics of ‘chevrons’ are compared with those of storm deposits (for example, washovers) and parabolic dunes occurring elsewhere on Earth, the dissimilarity with the former and the resemblance with the latter is evident. Amino‐acid racemization dating, together with stratigraphic and petrographic investigations, constrain the age of the ‘chevrons’ to the late part of Marine Isotope Stage 5e. Their occurrence during this specific time interval can be explained by both strengthened easterly winds and drier climatic conditions associated with changing vegetation cover. Fixation of the arms by sparse vegetation, coupled with the loose ‘chevron’ nose sediment migrating farther inland, form the peculiar U‐shaped morphology of these ridges.
Five‐year outcomes of ADHD diagnosed in adulthood
Authors: Nylander Elin , Floros Orestis , Sparding Timea , Rydén Eleonore , Hansen Stefan , Landén Mikael 
Published: November 2020

There is a dearth of long‐term follow‐up studies of adults diagnosed with ADHD. Here, the aim was to evaluate long‐term outcomes in a group of ADHD patients diagnosed in adulthood and receiving routine psychiatric health care. Adults diagnosed with any type of ADHD (n = 52) and healthy controls (n = 73) were assessed at baseline and at a 5‐year follow‐up, using Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF), Clinical Global Impression (CGI), Brown ADD Scale (BADDS) and Adult ADHD Self‐Report Scale (ASRS). A multivariate regression method was used to identify factors predicting 5‐year outcomes, including baseline ratings, medication intensity, comorbidity, intelligence quotient (IQ), age, and sex. After 5 years, ADHD patients reported fewer and/or less severe symptoms compared to baseline, but remained at clinically significant symptom levels and with functional deficits. Baseline self‐reports of ADHD symptoms predicted their own 5‐year outcome and low baseline functioning level predicted improved global functioning at follow‐up. Factors previously reported to predict short‐term outcomes (i.e., medication, comorbidity, IQ, age, and sex) did not anticipate long‐term outcomes in present study.
Nonparametric estimation of the fragmentation kernel based on a partial differential equation stationary distribution approximation
Authors: Hoang Van Ha , Pham Ngoc Thanh Mai , Rivoirard Vincent , Tran Viet Chi 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWe consider a stochastic individual‐based model in continuous time to describe a size‐structured population for cell divisions. This model is motivated by the detection of cellular aging in biology. We here address the problem of nonparametric estimation of the kernel ruling the divisions based on the eigenvalue problem related to the asymptotic behavior in large population. This inverse problem involves a multiplicative deconvolution operator. Using Fourier techniques we derive a nonparametric estimator whose consistency is studied. The main difficulty comes from the nonstandard equations connecting the Fourier transforms of the kernel and the parameters of the model. A numerical study is carried out and we pay special attention to the derivation of bandwidths by using resampling.
Massage enhances recovery following exercise‐induced muscle damage in older adults
Authors: Naderi Aynollah , Aminian‐Far Atefeh , Gholami Farhad , Mousavi Seyed Hamed , Saghari Moein , Howatson Glyn 
Published: November 2020

To examine efficacy of cold water immersion (CWI) and massage as recovery techniques on joint position sense, balance, and fear of falling following exercise‐induced muscle damage in older adults. Seventy‐eight older men and women performed a single bout of strength training on the calf muscles (3 exercises with 4 sets of 10 reps with 75% of 1RM) to induce muscle damage. After the damaging exercise, participants received either a 15‐minute massage on calf muscles, or a CWI of the lower limb in cold water (15 ± 1°C) for 15 minute, or passive rest. Interventions were applied immediately after the exercise protocol and at 24, 48, and 72 hours post‐exercise. Muscle pain, calf muscle strength, joint position sense, dynamic balance, postural sway, and fear of falling were measured at each time point. Repeated application of massage after EIMD relieved muscle pain, attenuated the loss of muscle strength and joint position senses, reduce balance impairments, and fear of falling in older adults (P ≤ .05). However, repeated applications of CWI, despite relieving muscle pain (P ≤ .05), did not attenuate the loss of muscle strength, joint position senses, balance impairments, and fear of falling. CWI had only some modest effects on muscle pain, but massage attenuated EIMD symptoms and the related impairments in muscle strength, joint position sense, balance, and postural sway in untrained older individuals. Therefore, older exercisers who plan to participate in strength training can benefit from massage for recovery from muscle damage indices and balance to decrease falling risk during the days following strength training.
Phylogenomics of the North American Plecoptera
Authors: South Eric J. , Skinner Rachel K. , DeWalt R. Edward , Kondratieff Boris C. , Johnson Kevin P. , Davis Mark A. , Lee Jonathan J. , Durfee Richard S. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractStoneflies (Insecta: Plecoptera) provide essential ecosystem services and are vital components of aquatic ecological systems worldwide. Despite this importance, a well‐supported and fully‐resolved phylogeny of the order has remained elusive for over a century. Using transcriptome data from 94 species, we performed maximum likelihood and multispecies coalescent analyses with 1400 orthologous genes. This taxon sample includes representatives of all families, subfamilies and tribes of the North American fauna, providing the most complete molecular phylogenetic study of the North American Plecoptera to date. Analyses recovered high support for the resolution of previously unresolved or contested relationships and the elucidation of a few novel relationships among historically accepted clades. Results included recovering (i) Perlidae as the earliest diverging family of Perloidea, (ii) the clade Nemouridae + Capniidae instead of the traditionally recognized Leuctridae + Capniidae, (iii) Peltoperlidae as sister to four Systellognatha families and (iv) non‐monophyly of Chloroperlidae due to placement of the genus Kathroperla Banks. The position of Taeniopterygidae and Leuctridae remain inconclusive, as the placement of these taxa was not consistent between analyses of different data types nor was strong support for their relationships to other stoneflies recovered in a four‐cluster likelihood analysis. However, our results for the North American taxa establish a robust foundation for future phylogenetic studies of the Plecoptera world fauna.
Emergence of letermovir resistance in solid organ transplant recipients with ganciclovir resistant cytomegalovirus infection: A case series and review of the literature
Authors: Hofmann Eveline , Sidler Daniel , Dahdal Suzan , Bittel Pascal , Suter‐Riniker Franziska , Manuel Oriol , Walti Laura N. , Hirzel Cédric 
Published: November 2020

AbstractGanciclovir (GCV)‐resistant cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a common problem among solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients without prior CMV immunity (CMV D+/R−). GCV‐resistant CMV represents a particular challenge for CMV management. Letermovir is a recently licensed antiviral agent for primary CMV prophylaxis in allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients. Given the favorable safety profile and its oral bioavailability letermovir may be considered a valuable off‐label option for secondary prophylaxis of GCV‐resistant CMV in SOT recipients. Here, we describe our experience with letermovir as secondary prophylaxis for GCV‐resistant CMV in two renal transplant recipients and review the literature in regard of previously published cases. Letermovir resistance emerged after a few months of secondary prophylaxis in the two renal transplant recipients. In both cases, the previously described UL56 C325Y letermovir resistance mutation was detected. In vitro studies of letermovir suggest a relatively low genetic barrier to resistance. Therefore, caution is warranted when using letermovir as secondary prophylaxis for GCV‐resistant CMV infection.
On the outside looking in: roles of endogenous and exogenous strigolactones
Authors: Aquino Bruno , Bradley James M. , Lumba Shelley 
Published: November 2020

SummaryA collection of small molecules called strigolactones (SLs) act as both endogenous hormones to control plant development and as ecological communication cues between organisms. SL signalling overlaps with that of a class of smoke‐derived compounds, karrikins (KARs), which have distinct yet overlapping developmental effects on plants. Although the roles of SLs in shoot and root development, in the promotion of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal branching and in parasitic plant germination have been well characterized, recent data have illustrated broader roles for these compounds in the rhizosphere. Here, we review the known roles of SLs in development, growth of AM fungi and germination of parasitic plants to develop a framework for understanding the use of SLs as molecules of communication in the rhizosphere. It appears, for example, that there are many connections between SLs and phosphate utilization. Low phosphate levels regulate SL metabolism and, in turn, SLs sculpt root and shoot architecture to coordinate growth and optimize phosphate uptake from the environment. Plant‐exuded SLs attract fungal symbionts to deliver inorganic phosphate (Pi) to the host. These and other examples suggest the boundary between exogenous and endogenous SL functions can be easily blurred and a more holistic view of these small molecules is likely to be required to fully understand SL biology. Related to this, we summarize and discuss evidence for a primitive role of SLs in moss as a quorum sensing‐like molecule, providing a unifying concept of SLs as endogenous and exogenous signalling molecules.
Prophylactic dressings in the prevention of pressure ulcer related to the use of personal protective equipment by health professionals facing the COVID‐19 pandemic: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Gasparino Renata Cristina , Lima Maria Helena Melo , de Souza Oliveira‐Kumakura Ana Railka , da Silva Vanessa Abreu , de Jesus Meszaros Mariana , Antunes Ivan Rogério 
Published: November 2020

AbstractDevice‐related pressure injury (DRPI) is a serious problem that is affecting professionals working on the front lines against COVID‐19 due to the prolonged use of personal protective equipment (PPE). In addition to the physical and psychological integrity of professionals, these injuries can compromise the quality of care. Therefore, using technologies to prevent this adverse effect is an urgent matter. This is a parallel two‐arm randomized clinical trial without the use of a control group to compare the use of foam and extra‐thin hydrocolloid in preventing DRPI associated with the use of PPE by health professionals working on the front lines against coronavirus. In total, 88 professionals were divided into two groups: foam and hydrocolloid. Data were collected using two instruments and related to demographic and professional characteristics and skin evaluation. Each volunteer received one of the dressings, both with the same dimensions and arranged over similar regions, and data were gathered at baseline and after 6 or 12 hours. Descriptive and inferential analytic statistical methods were used; the significance level adopted was 5%. No participant developed DRPI, but four areas with hyperemia were observed in the foam group (two in the forehead, one in the cheeks, and one in the nose bridge), as well as four areas with hyperemia in the hydrocolloid group (two in the nose bridge, one in the right ear, and one in the left ear). There was no difference between the groups regarding skin conditions and discomfort (P > .05). The average cost obtained was $ 5.8/person and $ 4.4/person in the foam group and the hydrocolloid group, respectively, considering the dressing measurements. The results show that foam and extra‐thin hydrocolloid were effective in preventing DRPI associated with the use of PPE.
The Development of Data Collection Tools to Measure Parent–Infant Closeness and Family‐Centered Care in NICUs
Authors: Axelin Anna , Raiskila Simo , Lehtonen Liisa 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundPreterm and sick infants benefit from parent–infant closeness and family‐centered care (FCC) in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). Prospective and feasible tools are needed to measure these care practices to facilitate their implementation.AimsTo describe the development process of three prospective data collection tools that measure parent–infant closeness and the quality of FCC.MethodsData collection tools were developed in an iterative process consisting of three development cycles. Feedback was gathered from parents, staff, and researchers. The first stages of development focused on the content validity, appropriate scaling, and optimization of the response rate of these tools.ResultsThe study included parents of 490 infants and the nurses working at bedside in 15 NICUs in six countries. The Parent‐Infant Closeness Diary was developed to measure the daily duration of parental presence, holding, and skin‐to‐skin contact. The optimal duration for daily diaries was 14 consecutive days to maintain a good response rate. Parents provided reliable documentation of parent–infant closeness. Digital FCC tools covering the nine aspects of FCC for parents and nurses were developed to measure the quality of FCC. Participants provided answers on a 7‐point Likert scale. Parents’ response rates remained >50% for approximately 1 month, and the nurses’ mean response rate was 55% (39%–87%) for the 3‐month study period.Linking Evidence to ActionThese new tools provide prospective daily information to aid the implementation of parent–infant closeness and the quality of FCC in NICU in different countries. They can be used to study and evaluate the implementation of these clinical practices NICUs in an international context.
Desregulación emocional y conducta disocial en una muestra de adolescentes en conflicto con la ley
Authors: Cabrera Gutiérrez Germán , Londoño Arredondo Nora Helena , Arbel´áez Caro Joan Sebastián , Cruz Valencia Juan David , Macías Castillo Leidy Yovanna , España Macías Ana María 
Published: November 2020

Objetivo. Establecer el grado de relación entre la desregulación emocional y la conducta antisocial y delictiva en adolescentes que se encuentran en conflicto con la ley. Método. Diseño no experimental, enfoque cuantitativo, con alcance descriptivo-correlacional de temporalidad transversal. Participaron 62 adolescentes en conflicto con la ley. Se implementaron la ficha de caracterización MINI KID y la Escala de Desregulación Emocional (DERS-E). Resultados. El 54.8% de los adolescentes reportaron problemas de conducta. Según los hallazgos, la desatención emocional es diferente entre las personas con trastorno disocial y las que no lo presentan (t = 4.853, p = 0.031). La desatención emocional predice la aparición de trastorno disocial (β = 0.030, p = 0.05, Exp(β) = 1.362). Conclusión. Los datos dan cuenta de la importancia de la revisión teórica de la conducta antisocial y de los factores asociados a ella, para establecer mejores modelos de intervención y de comprensión del fenómeno, principalmente la influencia de la regulación emocional en la aparición de la conducta disocial en adolescentes.
Resiliencia. Diferencias entre estudiantes universitarios y jóvenes trabajadores
Authors: Hernández León José Alonso , Caldera Montes Juan Francisco , Reynoso González Oscar Ulises , Caldera Zamora Iván Alejandro , Salcedo Orozco Santiago 
Published: November 2020

Objetivo. Comparar los niveles de resiliencia entre jóvenes universitarios y jóvenes trabajadores, e identificarposibles relaciones de dicha variable con la edad de los participantes. Método. La muestra, de tipo incidental,estuvo conformada por 188 jóvenes, cuya edad oscilaba entre los 18 y los 27 años. Al momento del estudio,138 cursaban una carrera profesional universitaria y 50 eran trabajadores. Para medir la variable del estudiose utilizó la Escala de Resiliencia traducida y adaptada al español. Resultados. El principal hallazgo es que losjóvenes universitarios obtienen puntajes significativamente mayores que los trabajadores, tanto en el total de la prueba de resiliencia (t(186) = -3.98, p = 0.000, d = 0.65) como en las dos dimensiones que la componen,Competencia personal (t(186) = -4.45, p = 0.000, d = 0.73) y Aceptación de sí mismo y de la vida (t(186) =-2.23, p = 0.026, d = 0.36). Conclusión. Un mayor nivel de estudios podría considerarse un factor protectorante la adversidad, al relacionarse con una mayor resiliencia.