bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phase I Study of Everolimus, Letrozole, and Trastuzumab in Patients with Hormone Receptor−positive Metastatic Breast Cancer or Other Solid Tumors
Authors: Ballhausen Alexej , Wheler Jennifer J. , Karp Daniel D. , Piha-Paul Sarina A. , Fu Siqing , Pant Shubham , Tsimberidou Apostolia M. , Hong David S. , Subbiah Vivek , Holley Veronica R. , Huang Helen J. , Brewster Abenaa M. , Koenig Kimberly B. , Ibrahim Nuhad K. , Meric-Bernstam Funda , Janku Filip 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Purpose:
Doublets of everolimus with letrozole or trastuzumab have demonstrated activity against HER2-positive breast cancer, suggesting that the triple combination can have synergistic anticancer activity.

Patients and Methods:
This first-in-human dose-escalation study (NCT02152943) enrolled patients with hormone receptor− positive, HER2-positive (defined by amplification, overexpression, or mutation) treatment-refractory advanced cancers to receive escalating doses (3+3 design) of daily oral letrozole (days 1–21), daily oral everolimus (days 1–21), and intravenous trastuzumab (day 1) every 21 days to determine dose-limiting toxicities (DLT) and MTD or recommended phase II dose (RP2D).

Results:
A total of 32 patients with hormone receptor−positive, HER2-positive (amplification, n = 27; overexpression, n = 1; and mutation, n = 4) advanced breast cancer (n = 26) or other cancers (n = 6) were enrolled. The most frequent grade ≥3 adverse events included hyperglycemia (n = 4), anemia (n = 3), thrombocytopenia (n = 2), and mucositis (n = 2). DLTs included grade 3 mucositis and grade 4 neutropenia, and trastuzumab given as an 8 mg/kg loading dose on day 1 of cycle 1 followed by a 6 mg/kg maintenance dose on day 1 of subsequent cycles plus 10 mg everolimus daily and 2.5 mg letrozole daily every 21 days was declared as RP2D. Five patients with breast cancer (four with HER2 amplification and one with HER2 mutation) had partial responses. HER2 amplification in circulating cell-free DNA at baseline was associated with shorter progression-free and overall survival durations (P &lt; 0.05).

Conclusions:
Everolimus, letrozole, and trastuzumab have a favorable safety profile and elicit encouraging signals of anticancer activity in patients with heavily pretreated hormone receptor- and HER2-positive advanced cancers.
Human Performance Consequences of Automated Decision Aids: The Impact of Time Pressure
Authors: Rieger Tobias , Manzey Dietrich 
Published: October 2020

Objective The study addresses the impact of time pressure on human interactions with automated decision support systems (DSSs) and related performance consequences. Background When humans interact with DSSs, this often results in worse performance than could be expected from the automation alone. Previous research has suggested that time pressure might make a difference by leading humans to rely more on a DSS. Method In two laboratory experiments, participants performed a luggage screening task either manually, supported by a highly reliable DSS, or by a low reliable DSS. Time provided for inspecting the X-rays was 4.5 s versus 9 s varied within-subjects as the time pressure manipulation. Participants in the automation conditions were either shown the automation’s advice prior (Experiment 1) or following (Experiment 2) their own inspection, before they made their final decision. Results In Experiment 1, time pressure compromised performance independent of whether the task was performed manually or with automation support. In Experiment 2, the negative impact of time pressure was only found in the manual but not in the two automation conditions. However, neither experiment revealed any positive impact of time pressure on overall performance, and the joint performance of human and automation was mostly worse than the performance of the automation alone. Conclusion Time pressure compromises the quality of decision-making. Providing a DSS can reduce this effect, but only if the automation’s advice follows the assessment of the human. Application The study provides suggestions for the effective implementation of DSSs in addition to supporting concerns that highly reliable DSSs are not used optimally by human operators.
An Evaluation of an Innovative Exercise to Relieve Chronic Low Back Pain in Sedentary Workers
Authors: Saiklang Pongsatorn , Puntumetakul Rungthip , Selfe James , Yeowell Gillian 
Published: October 2020

Objective The purpose of the study was to examine the effectiveness of a novel supported dynamic lumbar extension with the abdominal drawing-in maneuver (ADIM) technique on stature change, deep abdominal muscle activity, trunk muscle fatigue, and pain intensity during prolonged sitting in chronic low back pain (CLBP) participants. Background Prolonged sitting can cause trunk muscle fatigue from continuous contraction of deep trunk muscles in seated postures. Deficiency of activity of deep muscles can reduce muscular support of the spine, causing stress on spinal structures, which could result in pain. Method Thirty participants with CLBP were randomly allocated: (a) control—sitting without exercise, and (b) intervention—supported dynamic lumbar extension with the ADIM technique. Results Compared to the intervention condition, the control condition demonstrated significantly greater deterioration in stature change, increased levels of deep trunk muscle fatigue, and an increase in pain during prolonged sitting. Conclusion The supported dynamic lumbar extension with the ADIM technique appears to provide a protective effect on detrimental stature change and deep trunk muscle fatigue. In addition, it prevented an increase in pain intensity during prolonged sitting in people with CLBP. Application Sedentary behavior harms health, particularly affecting the lower back. Clinicians can use the intervention to induce dynamic lumbar movement, and this exercise can maintain deep trunk muscle activity during prolonged sitting, thereby helping to prevent low back pain (LBP) problems.
Using Urine Drug Testing to Estimate the Prevalence of Drug Use
Authors: Han Benjamin H. , Mello Elizabeth , Tuazon Ellenie , Paone Denise 
Published: October 2020

Objectives Estimating the prevalence of drug use in the general population is important given its potential health consequences but is challenging. Self-reported surveys on drug use have inherent limitations that underestimate drug use. We evaluated the performance of linking urine drug testing with a local, representative health examination survey in estimating the prevalence of drug use in New York City (NYC). Methods We used urine drug testing from the NYC Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NYC HANES) to estimate the prevalence of drug use (benzodiazepines, cocaine, heroin, and opioid analgesics) among the study sample and compare the findings with self-reported responses to questions about past–12-month drug use from the same survey. Results Of 1527 respondents to NYC HANES, urine drug testing was performed on 1297 (84.9%) participants who provided urine and consented to future studies. Self-reported responses gave past–12-month weighted estimates for heroin, cocaine, or any prescription drug misuse of 13.8% (95% CI, 11.6%-16.3%), for prescription drug misuse of 9.9% (95% CI, 8.1%-12.1%), and for heroin or cocaine use of 6.1% (95% CI, 4.7%-7.9%). Urine drug testing gave past–12-month weighted estimates for any drug use of 4.3% (95% CI, 3.0%-6.0%), for use of any prescription drug of 2.8% (95% CI, 1.9%-4.1%), and for heroin or cocaine use of 2.0% (95% CI, 1.2%-3.6%). Conclusion Urine drug testing provided underestimates for the prevalence of drug use at a population level compared with self-report. Researchers should use other methods to estimate the prevalence of drug use on a population level.
Assessing the Impact of Off-the-Job and On-the-Job Training on Employment Outcomes: A Counterfactual Evaluation of the PIPOL Program
Authors: Pastore Francesco , Pompili Marco 
Published: October 2020

Background: This article studies the effect of PIPOL, an integrated program of active labor policies launched by the Friuli Venezia Giulia, an Italian region, in 2014. Objectives: To understand the impact of training in a classroom setting (off-the-job) and work-related training (on-the-job) on employment integration of benefit recipients. Research design: We adopt a counterfactual approach by comparing a target group (treated) against a control group (19,899) extracted by means of propensity score matching and Mahalanobis distance matching among subjects who, while registered in the program over the years 2014–2016, had never benefited from it. The selection of about 7,175 recipients in the program and in each type of intervention was random. Subjects: About 30,000 job seekers made up of 3,911 interns, 2,945 trainees, and 319 recipients of training and internship within PIPOL. Target: Young people, Not in Education Employment or Trainings, and over 30s. Measures: We look at different outcomes: employment tout court and employment in open-ended contracts. Results: The overall net impact of PIPOL was equal to +5 pp on average. Specifically, impact results were classroom training none, internship sizable (+14.1 pp), and training combined with an internship, quite sizable (+9.6 pp). Furthermore, training to gain a qualification was the most effective (+6.4 pp) among those receiving combined training and internship. Internship also increased the chance to find permanent employment (+3 pp). Among recipients, women, immigrants, and low-skilled recipients registered the most sizable impact on finding employment and training in manufacturing and construction was more effective than elsewhere. Conclusions: Italian young people have ever-increasing academic attainment but, due to the sequential nature of the education system, little work-related competences. This could explain the greater success of internships on classroom training.
Supporting the survivors: Experiences and perceptions of peer support offered to UK terrorist survivors
Authors: Rew Nichola Emma Jalfon 
Published: October 2020

Recent terror incidents in the UK, including the targeting of concert attendees in Manchester, to individuals socialising and working in central London, highlight the public’s vulnerability and that attacks can be indiscriminate, resulting in any individual becoming a victim to this fearful crime. As a consequence of these and other attacks, including those overseas, media reporting within the UK has increasingly focused on the inadequate levels of support offered to survivors from official agencies. However, little evaluation has been conducted regarding the benefits of support networks and online support groups created directly by those individuals affected by terror attacks. Quantitative research findings obtained through a self-administered online questionnaire, completed by 81 survivors of terrorist attacks who are members of different peer support networks in the UK, endorsed that while victims feel that adequate professional support is lacking, significant positive experiences have been achieved through peer support, particularly through the internet. This first independent academic study found that it was these methods of support that had the most resonance with individuals and offers several recommendations, based on findings, which could enhance and improve support for survivors of terrorism in the future.
Overestimation of Postpartum Depression Prevalence Based on a 5-item Version of the EPDS: Systematic Review and Individual Participant Data Meta-analysis
Authors: Thombs Brett D. , Levis Brooke , Lyubenova Anita , Neupane Dipika , Negeri Zelalem , Wu Yin , Sun Ying , He Chen , Krishnan Ankur , Vigod Simone N. , Bhandari Parash Mani , Imran Mahrukh , Rice Danielle B. , Azar Marleine , Chiovitti Matthew J. , Saadat Nazanin , Riehm Kira E. , Boruff Jill T. , Cuijpers Pim , Gilbody Simon , Ioannidis John P. A. , Kloda Lorie A. , Patten Scott B. , Shrier Ian , Ziegelstein Roy C. , Comeau Liane , Mitchell Nicholas D. , Tonelli Marcello , Barnes Jacqueline , Beck Cheryl Tatano , Bindt Carola , Figueiredo Barbara , Helle Nadine , Howard Louise M. , Kohlhoff Jane , Kozinszky Zoltán , Leonardou Angeliki A. , Radoš Sandra Nakić , Quispel Chantal , Rochat Tamsen J. , Stein Alan , Stewart Robert C. , Tadinac Meri , Tandon S. Darius , Tendais Iva , Töreki Annamária , Tran Thach D. , Trevillion Kylee , Turner Katherine , Vega-Dienstmaier Johann M. , Benedetti Andrea 
Published: October 2020

Objective: The Maternal Mental Health in Canada, 2018/2019, survey reported that 18% of 7,085 mothers who recently gave birth reported “feelings consistent with postpartum depression” based on scores ≥7 on a 5-item version of the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS-5). The EPDS-5 was designed as a screening questionnaire, not to classify disorders or estimate prevalence; the extent to which EPDS-5 results reflect depression prevalence is unknown. We investigated EPDS-5 ≥7 performance relative to major depression prevalence based on a validated diagnostic interview, the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM (SCID). Methods: We searched Medline, Medline In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations, PsycINFO, and the Web of Science Core Collection through June 2016 for studies with data sets with item response data to calculate EPDS-5 scores and that used the SCID to ascertain depression status. We conducted an individual participant data meta-analysis to estimate pooled percentage of EPDS-5 ≥7, pooled SCID major depression prevalence, and the pooled difference in prevalence. Results: A total of 3,958 participants from 19 primary studies were included. Pooled prevalence of SCID major depression was 9.2% (95% confidence interval [CI] 6.0% to 13.7%), pooled percentage of participants with EPDS-5 ≥7 was 16.2% (95% CI 10.7% to 23.8%), and pooled difference was 8.0% (95% CI 2.9% to 13.2%). In the 19 included studies, mean and median ratios of EPDS-5 to SCID prevalence were 2.1 and 1.4 times. Conclusions: Prevalence estimated based on EPDS-5 ≥7 appears to be substantially higher than the prevalence of major depression. Validated diagnostic interviews should be used to establish prevalence.
Translating CDSMP to the Workplace: Results of the Live Healthy Work Healthy Program
Authors: Wilson Mark G. , DeJoy David M. , Vandenberg Robert J. , Padilla Heather M. , Haynes Nicholas J. , Zuercher Heather , Corso Phaedra , Lorig Kate , Smith Matthew L. 
Published: October 2020

Purpose: Report the results of a randomized, controlled trial of Live Healthy, Work Healthy (LHWH), a worksite translation of the Chronic Disease Self-Management Program (CDSMP). Design: 14 worksites were randomly assigned to LHWH, standard CDSMP (usual care) or no-intervention (control) group. Setting: The diverse set of work organizations centered around a rural community in SE US. Subjects: 411 participants completed baseline data with 359 being included in the final analyses. Intervention: LHWH had been adapted to fit the unique characteristics of work organizations. This translated program consists of 15 sessions over 8 weeks and was facilitated by trained lay leaders. Measures: The primary outcomes including health risk, patient-provider communication, quality of life, medical adherence and work performance were collected pretest, posttest (6 mos.) and follow-up (12 mos.). Analysis: Analyses were conducted using latent change score models in a structural equation modeling framework. Results: 79% of participants reported at least one chronic condition with an average of 2.7 chronic conditions reported. Results indicated that LHWH program demonstrated positive changes in a most outcomes including significant exercise (uΔ = 0.89, p < .01), chronic disease self-efficacy (uΔ = 0.63, p < .05), fatigue (uΔ = −1.45, p < .05), stress (uΔ = −0.98, p < .01) and mentally unhealthy days (uΔ = −3.47, p < .001). Conclusions: The translation of LHWH is an effective, low cost, embeddable program that has the potential to improve the health and work life of employees.
The Impact of CEOs’ Characteristics on Corporate Leverage: Indian Scenario
Authors: Kaur Rupinder , Singh Balwinder 
Published: October 2020

Ever since the prominent work by Modigliani and Miller (1958), much research has been undertaken in trying to identify the factors affecting the capital structure. Lately, behavioural finance has begun to take hold of a more prominent position in trying to explain aspects of finance which traditional research has failed to clarify. In fact, a growing body of empirical evidence suggests that manager-specific characteristics significantly influence firms' financing decisions. The limited work carried out in lower-middle income countries drives us to thoroughly investigate the role played by CEOs’ characteristics in determining corporate financing decisions. Employing a sample of 307 non-financial firms listed in Nifty 500 index, the panel regression results indicate that CEO tenure is significantly and positively associated to firm’s leverage for the possible reason that a long tenure of CEO reflects strong networks and alliances with important stakeholders that allow the CEO to compose, foster, and support risky initiatives like raising debt. Further, the level of leverage is higher at organizations where CEOs are younger on account of the fact that career and financial securities are imperative to a greater extent for older executives; therefore they may evade risky engagements that may interfere with their securities. The results also display that CEO share ownership has a significantly negative relationship to leverage because these executives have a large share of their personal wealth capitalized in the firm in the shape of firm-specific human capital and common stock holdings. This makes managerial insiders unwilling to use the optimum amount of debt funding for the firm for the reason that additional bankruptcy risk associated with higher levels of debt may arise. The findings thus put forward that recurrent job changes among the senior officials should be discouraged because the subsequent short-term focus and dearth of firm-specific knowledge might promote risk evasion. It shows that elder executives desire a more conservative capital structure whereas younger executives endeavour to take more risk. So, there is a need to bring diversification in the management so as to take advantage from the skills and services of the young. The inverse association between CEO share ownership and firm leverage specifies that board of directors and the shareholders should be stringent in checking managers to make sure they perform as per the interests of shareholders. It seems that while making capital structure decisions risk seeking behaviour favouring high corporate leverage is important and should be encouraged.
Too Much Too Late? Chemotherapy Administration at the End of Life: A Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: Wilkerson David H. , Santos Jennifer L. , Tan Xiyan , Gomez Teny Henry 
Published: October 2020

Purpose: Cancer treatment for those nearing death has become increasingly aggressive over time despite evidence that less aggressive approaches are associated with better quality of life and sometimes longer survival. Chemotherapy administration in the last 14 days of life is one of the proposed benchmarks for quality of cancer care. The purpose of our study is to evaluate factors associated with aggressive cancer treatment in patients who died within 2 weeks of receiving chemotherapy. Methods: This retrospective cohort study evaluated adult patients who died between 1 February 2018 and 1 March 2019 after receiving cancer treatment in the preceding 14 days at the Prisma Health Cancer Institute. This project was approved by our institutional review board. Data was obtained by review of electronic medical records and analyzed using commercial software. Results: We identified 92 patients who met inclusion criteria for the study. Of those who were staged, 57% had metastatic disease. A majority received treatments with only palliative intent (54%). These patients overwhelmingly died in the hospital (62%). Few had documented advanced directives (28%) or dedicated palliative care for longer than 1 week (28%). Overall, this cohort reflects a rate of 11.7% of patients who received cancer treatment during the study time period. Significance of Results: Patients receiving aggressive cancer treatment at the end of life elucidate significant gaps in quality cancer care, particularly the early involvement of dedicated palliative care. Systematic review helped identify multiple gaps and assisted in implementing interventions to improve this outcome.
Mesiodistal Angulation of Each Whole Tooth in Patients With Nonsyndromic Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate: Is it Symmetrical?
Authors: Sezici Yağmur Lena , Dindaroğlu Furkan , Işık Abdülkadir , Doğan Servet 
Published: October 2020

Objective: To assess the symmetry of the mesiodistal angulations of maxillary and mandibular teeth in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) and compare with the class I control group without cleft lip and palate (CLP). Design: A retrospective study. Setting: University department. Patients, Participants: The panoramic radiographs of 45 orthodontically untreated individuals with nonsyndromic UCLP (mean age 14.13 ± 0.75 years) and 45 skeletal class I individuals without CLP (mean age 14.01 ± 0.74 years). Interventions: The line passing through the most superior points of the condyles was taken as the reference. The angle between the long axes of the maxillary and mandibular teeth and reference line was measured digitally. With the purpose of determining condylar symmetry, mandibular asymmetry index measurements were utilized. Independent samples t test and paired samples t test were used for the statistical analyses. Main Outcome Measure(s): The mesiodistal angulation of the maxillary and mandibular teeth in patients with UCLP was measured. The differences between the contralateral sides were determined and compared to class I individuals without CLP. Results: No statistically significant difference was found among the condylar asymmetry in both groups ( P > .05).The significant differences between the cleft and noncleft sides in the UCLP group was observed in the maxillary central, canine, first premolar and second molar teeth ( P < .001, P = .002, P = .013, P = .012, respectively). The mean differences were found to be higher in the central and lateral incisors, canines and first premolars in the UCLP group ( P < .001, P = .006, P = .001, respectively). Conclusions: Although the cleft-side maxillary central incisors tipped in a distal direction in patients with UCLP, the canine and first premolar showed more inclinations toward the mesial direction.