bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENYUSUNAN 10 KELOMPOK BAHAN VALIDASI SILANG PADA KASUS 197 TITIK CURAH HUJAN DI JAWA TIMUR
Authors: Kurniawan Andang , Tarmana Dede 
Published: November 2019

Untuk mendapatkan gambaran spasial suatu parameter lingkungan, diperlukan penentuan metode interpolasi spasial terbaik. Permasalahan muncul karena terdapat banyak sekali jenis metode interpolasi spasial. Untuk menentukan metode interpolasi yang paling sesuai, dapat dilakukan teknik validasi silang. Interpolasi juga penting dalam analisis curah hujan bulanan. Pada kasus interpolasi spasial 197 titik pengamatan curah hujan di Jawa Timur, validasi silang dapat dilakukan dengan menghilangkan sepuluh persen data secara bergantian. Penyusunan bahan validasi silang penting untuk dikembangkan agar terhindar dari terkumpulnya atau berbatasan langsungnya antar titik yang dihilangkan. Tujuan dari studi ini adalah menyusun bahan validasi silang dan menguji kehandalannya. Data koordinat lintang dan bujur dari 197 titik didapatkan dari Stasiun Klimatologi Malang. Peringkat data digunakan sebagai basis penyusunan. Dari sepuluh kelompok bahan validasi silang, tujuh (tiga) grup akan memiliki dua puluh (sembilan belas) data yang dihilangkan. Data yang dihilangkan dari kelompok pertama (sepuluh) adalah data bernomor urut digit terakhir satu (nol). Tiga pendekatan dilakukan untuk mendapatkan peringkat: koordinat saja, klastering, dan pemisahan. Klastering menggunakan jarak euklid tautan lengkap dengan variasi klaster 98, 65, dan 49. Metode pemisahan dilakukan dengan membagi terlebih dahulu titik ke dalam 20 (5x4) kotak. Untuk mengetahui penyebaran yang baik digunakan dua pendekatan, yaitu tidak adanya pertetanggaan terdekat dan jarak yang lebih jauh. Analisis visual dengan bantuan poligon voronoi, plot boks, dan indeks histogram digunakan. Dua indeks (SR dan IK) dikembangkan untuk mengetahui pergeseran distribusi. Pendekatan menggunakan pemisahan merupakan metode yang paling sesuai. Dengan menambahkan sepuluh modifikasi, didapatkan bahan validasi silang yang dapat digunakan untuk uji komparasi metode interpolasi.
KAJIAN PERTUMBUHAN AWAN HUJAN PADA SAAT BANJIR BANDANG BERBASIS CITRA SATELIT DAN CITRA RADAR (STUDI KASUS : PADANG, 2 NOVEMBER 2018)
Authors: Al Habib Abdul Hamid , Pradana Yoga Wahyu , Pangestu Dany , Winarso Paulus Agus , Sujana Jusa 
Published: November 2019

Banjir besar kembali melanda enam kecamatan di kota Padang, Sumatera Barat pada tanggal 2 November 2018. Banjir terjadi disebabkan oleh debit sungai yang meluap akibat hujan sangat lebat yang terjadi di bagian hulu dan hilir. Dampak banjir bandang tersebut mengakibatkan 600 rumah terendam banjir, 3 jembatan putus dan menelan korban jiwa. Karena dampak tersebut maka penelitian ini dilakukan untuk meninjau kondisi suhu permukaan laut, mean sea level pressure, nilai transport uap air, streamline, data citra satelit Himawari-8 dan data citra radar cuaca C-Band. Data diolah dalam bentuk grafik dan peta spasial kemudian dilakukan analisis deskriptif yang meliputi analisis temporal dan analisis spasial. Berdasarkan hasil analisis hujan sangat lebat yang terjadi di wilayah Padang dipicu oleh gangguan cuaca skala regional berupa adanya pola shearline atau komponen zona arah lintasan angin yang mengalami perubahan secara tiba-tiba yang sejajar dengan angin horizontal dan daerah tekanan rendah yang menimbulkan konvergensi di pesisir kota Padang, kemudian nilai transport uap air yang cukup tinggi yaitu kisaran antara 700-1100 Kg/ms-1 pada lapisan 1000-300 mb. Terjadinya hujan lebat seringkali terkait dengan keberadaan awan Cumulonimbus (Cb). Hal ini dikarenakan karakteristik awan Cb dengan dimensi yang besar serta mengandung banyak partikel presipitasi seperti air dan kristal es. Kondisi ini didukung dengan keberadaan awan Cb berdasarkan analisis time series citra satelit Himawari-8 dan nilai reflektifitas radar berada pada nilai 45-60 dBz. Pada tanggal 2 November 2018, hampir seluruh awan hujan yang muncul mempunyai ketebalan lebih dari 7 km, dimana suhu puncak awan terendah mencapai nilai -72.5°C.
POTENSI PANAS LAUT SEBAGAI ENERGI BARU TERBARUKAN DI PERAIRAN PAPUA BARAT DENGAN METODE OCEAN THERMAL ENERGY CONVERSION (OTEC)
Authors: Aprilia Erlita , Aini Althaf , Frakusya Ayu , Safril Agus 
Published: November 2019

Energi listrik merupakan suatu hal yang sangat dibutuhkan dalam keberlangsungan kehidupan manusia. Kebutuhan akan energi listrik yang semakin meningkat dari waktu ke waktu memerlukan inovasi baru untuk menghasilkan energi listrik yang ramah lingkungan. Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) adalah metode untuk menghasilkan energi listrik menggunakan prinsip perbedaan temperatur antara laut dalam dan permukaan dengan selisih temperatur minimal sebesar 20C untuk menjalankan mesin kalor. Papua Barat merupakan salah satu provinsi di Indonesia dengan elektrifikasi yang masih rendah. Letak Indonesia yang berada di wilayah tropis dengan perbedaan suhu air laut yang tinggi memiliki potensi untuk memanfaatkan metode OTEC dalam menghasilkan energi listrik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi pemanfaatan OTEC di perairan sekitar Papua Barat. Data yang digunakan adalah data suhu air laut dalam dan permukaan periode tahun 1955 – 2012 di dua belas titik di perairan sekitar Papua Barat. Data tersebut diperoleh dari World Ocean Atlas 2013 yang kemudian diolah menggunakan perangkat lunak olah data dan Ocean Data View (ODV). Hasil olah data didapatkan nilai efisiensi terbesar yaitu 7,67% dan terkecil yaitu 7,21%.
PENYULUHAN BAHAYA NARKOBA TERHADAP ANAK – ANAK SD
Authors: Haerudin  , Tia Latifatu Sadiah  , Tarpan Suparman  
Published: November 2019

Community Service is the goal to provide insight, knowledge and understanding of the types and dangers that can be caused during drug completion. The method used in this study is a method, question and answer, and developed through media images and videos. The results of this activity can be used by students from 10 to 90 about drugs, this can be seen when students ask students of SDN Wanajaya II, which students are expected to avoid drugs. Community Service Activities intersect with students who are Class 5 in SDN Wanajaya II running smoothly, students also pay close attention and look enthusiastic from beginning to end. Keywords : Narcotics Hazards, Types and their use

Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran, pengetahuan dan pemahaman tentang jenis dan bahaya yang dapat ditimbulkan pada penyalahgunaan narkoba. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini metode ceramah, tanya jawab, dan simulasi jenis jenis narkoba dan bahaya narkoba melalui media gambar dan vidio. Hasil dari kegiatan ini adalah dapat meningkatnya pemahaman siswa siswi dari 10 menjadi 90 tentang narkoba, hal ini terlihat ketika diberikannya kesempatan untuk bertanya kepada siswa siswi SDN Wanajaya II, yang nantinya siswa siswi diharapakan bisa terhindar dari narkoba. Kegiatan Pengabdian Pada Masyarakat ini penyuluhan pada sisw asiswi Kelas 5 SDN Wanajaya II berjalan lancar, sisiwa siswi juga memperhatikan dengan baik dan terlihat antusias dari awal sampai akhir. Kata Kunci : Bahaya Narkoba, Anak SD
PENERAPAN ASAS PEMBALIKAN BEBAN PEMBUKTIAN DALAM PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA KONSUMEN
Authors: Syam Misnar 
Published: November 2019

Consumer dispute related to violation of the consumer rights by businessman. Article 45 of Consumer Protection Law provides that the dispute may be settled by out of court dispute settlement or through litigation. In Indonesia, out of court dispute settlement of consumer disputes is conducted under the authority of Consumer Disputes Settlement Body (BPSK), while in litigation mechanism exercised with submission by the consumer personally, class action, or NGO claim. Consumer dispute settlement is part of civil litigation. According to Article 163 HIR/ 283 RBg, the party who alleges that he has a right shall proof his allegation. While, according to Article 19(5) of Consumer Protection Law, the businessman may be exempted from its duty, if it can proof that the damages suffered by the consumer is because of the consumer fault itself. Therefore, the businessman must prove that it did not commit any fault (shifting the burden of proof). The principle of shifting the burden of proof has adopted by Consumer Protection Law because the consumer has no sufﬁ cient knowledge of materials, production process, and distribution process which done by the businessman regularly. The Consumer Protection Law has no clear provision on the implementation of shifting the burden of proof, while the same situation is also found in Supreme Court Regulation No. 1 of 2006 concerning Appeal on the Judgment of BPSK. Thus, there are inconsistency implementations on the shifting of the burden of proof between on case by case. It depends on the comprehension knowledge of the judges. Such situation may lead to ineffective implementation of Consumer Protection Law.
Heart Period Variability of Intubated Very-Low-Birth-Weight Infants During Incubator Care and Maternal Holding
Authors: Smith Sandra Lee 
Published: November 2019

• Background Heart rate has been used to measure infants’ physiological stability during skin-to-skin holding. Variability in heart period (interbeat interval), a more sensitive measure of autonomic nervous system tone, has not.• Objective To describe heart period variability in intubated very-low-birth-weight infants during incubator care and during maternal skin-to-skin holding.• Design/Methods An experimental, interrupted time series, crossover design was used; infants served as their own controls. Infants were randomly assigned to treatment order: 2 hours of intermittent skin-to-skin holding for 2 consecutive days followed by 2 days of incubator care or vice versa. The analog signal representing heart period was sampled and quantized at 5 Hz via a dedicated computer system in multiple 300-second epochs each day.• Results Fourteen infants with similar characteristics completed the protocol. The mean interbeat interval was 332 ms during skin-to-skin care and 368 ms during incubator care. Power within the low-and high-frequency regions of heart period was not significantly different between skin-to-skin holding and incubator care. Mean low-frequency power was 124.6 ms2 during skin-to-skin holding and ranged from 51.9 ms2 to 71.4 ms2 during all periods of incubator care. Mean high-frequency power was similar during skin-to-skin holding and incubator care (8.8 ms2 and 6.1 ms2). Infants of 32 to 34 weeks’ corrected gestational age had increased power in the low- and high-frequency regions.• Conclusions Heart period variability did not improve during skin-to-skin holding. Gestationally older infants had increased power in the low- and high-frequency regions, suggesting a maturing autonomic nervous system.
Incidence, Timing, Symptoms, and Risk Factors for Atrial Fibrillation After Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Funk Marjorie , Richards Sally B. , Desjardins Jill , Bebon Christy , Wilcox Heather 
Published: November 2019

• Background Atrial fibrillation is the most common complication after cardiac surgery and a major cause of morbidity and increased cost of care.• Objectives To examine the incidence, timing, symptoms, and risk factors for atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery.• Methods A total of 302 patients were continuously monitored for atrial fibrillation with standard hardwire and telemetry devices during hospitalization after coronary artery bypass graft and/or valve surgery and with wearable cardiac event recorders for 2 weeks after discharge from the hospital. After discharge, patients recorded and transmitted their rhythm by telephone daily and whenever they had symptoms suggestive of atrial fibrillation.• Results Of the 302 patients, 127 (42%) had atrial fibrillation; 41 had it after discharge, and for 10 it was their first episode. The first episode occurred at a mean of 2.9 days after surgery (SD, 3.1; range, day of surgery to 21 days after surgery). Although palpitations was the most common symptom (17%), most episodes of atrial fibrillation (69%) were not associated with symptoms. Independent predictors of atrial fibrillation were age 65 years or greater, history of intermittent atrial fibrillation, atrial pacing, male sex, white race, and not having hyperlipidemia. Independent predictors of atrial fibrillation after discharge from the hospital were having atrial fibrillation while hospitalized, valve surgery, and pulmonary hypertension.• Conclusions Atrial fibrillation is common after cardiac surgery and often occurs after discharge from the hospital and without accompanying symptoms. Outpatient monitoring may be warranted in patients with characteristics that place them at increased risk for atrial fibrillation.
Readiness for Behavioral Changes in Patients With Heart Failure
Authors: Sneed Nancee V. , Paul Sara C. 
Published: November 2019

• Background Successful self-care in heart failure often requires lifestyle changes such as avoiding sodium, excess fluid intake, alcohol, and tobacco; exercising regularly; and losing weight. The Transtheoretical Model, a framework for making behavioral changes, proposes that change requires a series of stages.
• Objectives To identify the stage of readiness for change in 6 lifestyle behaviors important in heart failure and to determine differences in signs and symptoms of heart failure, self-reported knowledge of the disease, and self-reported behavior between patients who have taken action and patients who have not.
• Method A mail survey of 250 patients with heart failure.
• Results Most respondents reported consistent avoidance of tobacco (90.6%), alcohol (87.9%), sodium (81%), and excess fluid (72.6%) and regular participation in exercise (67.1%) and trying to lose weight (64.7%). Yet only 38.7% had a regular exercise program, and 94.2% had eaten high-sodium foods in the preceding 24 hours. Knowledge of heart failure was low (mean score, 67.4%) and did not differ by stage of change. Only 30.4% of the respondents were at their desired weight, and most overweight subjects had been trying to lose weight for more than 6 months.
• Conclusions Although respondents thought they were consistently adhering to recommended guidelines for changes in lifestyle, actual reported behaviors did not always support this evaluation. Use of the stage of change tool to assess stage of readiness to make lifestyle changes may not work well in patients with heart failure, perhaps because of the number and complexity of the changes needed.
Pain Assessment and Management in Critically Ill Intubated Patients: a Retrospective Study
Authors: Gélinas Céline , Fortier Martine , Viens Chantal , Fillion Lise , Puntillo Kathleen 
Published: November 2019

• Background Little research has been done on pain assessment in critical care, especially in patients who cannot communicate verbally.• Objectives To describe (1) pain indicators used by nurses and physicians for pain assessment, (2) pain management (pharmacological and nonpharmacological interventions) undertaken by nurses to relieve pain, and (3) pain indicators used for pain reassessment by nurses to verify the effectiveness of pain management in patients who are intubated.• Methods Medical files from 2 specialized healthcare centers in Quebec City, Quebec, were reviewed. A data collection instrument based on Melzack’s theory was developed from existing tools. Pain-related indicators were clustered into nonobservable/subjective (patients’ self-reports of pain) and observable/objective (physiological and behavioral) categories.• Results A total of 183 pain episodes in 52 patients who received mechanical ventilation were analyzed. Observable indicators were recorded 97% of the time. Patients’ self-reports of pain were recorded only 29% of the time, a practice contradictory to recommendations for pain assessment. Pharmacological interventions were used more often (89% of the time) than nonpharmacological interventions (&lt;25%) for managing pain. Almost 40% of the time, pain was not reassessed after an intervention. For reassessments, observable indicators were recorded 66% of the time; patients self-reports were recorded only 8% of the time.• Conclusions Pain documentation in medical files is incomplete or inadequate. The lack of a pain assessment tool may contribute to this situation. Research is still needed in the development of tools to enhance pain assessment in critically ill intubated patients.
Illness Representation After Acute Myocardial Infarction: Impact On In-Hospital Recovery
Authors: Cherrington Candace C. , Moser Debra K. , Lennie Terry A. , Kennedy Carol W. 
Published: November 2019

• Background Despite significant progress in the treatment of coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction is still the leading cause of death in the United States. As suggested by Leventhal’s Self-Regulation Model of Illness, the continued high morbidity and mortality may be due to a failure to address the role of psychosocial factors such as illness representation, depression, and anxiety in recovery.• Objective To determine the relationship between illness representation of myocardial infarction and the occurrence of in-hospital complications and if anxiety and depression mediate this relationship.• Method A prospective correlational design was used to measure illness representation, depression, and anxiety 24 to 48 hours after admission for myocardial infarction in 49 patients and the frequency of complications during the acute event. Logistic regression was used to determine the likelihood of experiencing a complication.• Results When demographic and clinical variables were controlled for, the more negative the representation of illness, the greater were the odds of experiencing a complication (χ2 = 16.9, df = 6, P=.01). The odds of experiencing a complication increased 5.1% for each 1 unit increase in the score on the Illness Preparation Questionnaire (B = 0.05, Wald = 4.442, Exp(B) = 1.051, 95% CI = 1.003–1.1010). Neither anxiety (χ2 = 3.0, df = 1, P = .09) nor depression (χ2 = 2.5, df = 1, P = .11) were significant predictors of the occurrence of complications.• Conclusion In these patients, illness representation was predictive of the likelihood of experiencing a complication. Thus, illness representation appears to be an important psychosocial factor in acute recovery from myocardial infarction.
Relationship of Age and Sex to Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients With Heart Failure
Authors: Hou Nan , Chui Michelle A. , Eckert George J. , Oldridge Neil B. , Murray Michael D. , Bennett Susan J. 
Published: November 2019

• Background Although health-related quality of life is diminished among patients with chronic heart failure, few investigators have examined interactions of age and sex with health-related quality of life longitudinally.
• Objectives To examine differences in health-related quality of life among 4 groups of patients with heart failure on the basis of age (&lt;65 years and &gt;65 years) and sex and to evaluate relationships of age and sex to changes in health-related quality of life during 6 months.
• Methods Patients from 2 outpatient clinics in an urban county hospital were interviewed at baseline and 26 weeks later. Health-related quality of life was measured by using the Minnesota Living With Heart Failure Questionnaire and the Chronic Heart Failure Questionnaire.
• Results A total of 165 patients (52% women; mean age, 57.6 years) completed interviews at baseline and 26 weeks later. At baseline, patients younger than 65 years had poorer health-related quality of life scores on total scales and some subscales than did older patients. Women had poorer scores than did men on some scales, particularly the emotional subscales. At 26 weeks, patients younger than 65 had poorer total health-related quality of life on 1 scale than did patients 65 and older, and women had poorer scores than did men on 1 total scale. With demographic and clinical factors controlled for, women younger than 65 had improvements in health-related quality of life on some scales.
• Conclusions Women younger than 65 years had relatively poorer initial health-related quality of life that improved after 26 weeks.
Outcomes Associated With Enteral Tube Feedings in a Medical Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Elpern Ellen H. , Stutz Luminita , Peterson Sarah , Gurka David P. , Skipper Annalynn 
Published: November 2019

• Background Underfeeding of patients reliant on enteral tube feedings most likely is due primarily to interruptions in the infusions. Strategies to improve energy intake require an understanding of such interruptions and associated outcomes.
• Objectives To compare daily energy intake with goal energy intake; to ascertain frequency, duration, and reasons for interruptions in feedings; and to determine occurrences of feeding intolerance.
• Methods A prospective, descriptive study of a convenience sample of patients admitted during a 3-month period to a medical intensive care unit. Patients were included who were expected to receive continuous enteral tube feedings for at least 48 hours. Patients were studied until discontinuation of feedings, discharge from the unit, or death.
• Results Thirty-nine patients were studied for 276 feeding days. Patients received a mean of 64% of goal energy intake. Mean length of interruptions in feeding was 5.23 hours per patient per day. Interruptions for performance of tests and procedures accounted for 35.7% of the total cessation in feeding time. Next most time-consuming interruptions occurred with changes in body position (15%), unstable clinical conditions (13.5%), high gastric residual volume (11.5%), and nausea and vomiting (9.2%). Patients had diarrhea 105 (38%) of 276 feeding days. Gastric residual volumes exceeded 150 mL on 28 measurements in 11 patients. Five patients experienced episodes of nausea and vomiting. Four patients experienced an episode of feeding aspiration.
• Conclusions Precautionary interruptions in enteral feedings to decrease presumed risk of aspiration occurred frequently and resulted in underfeeding. Episodes of vomiting and of aspiration were uncommon.
Documentation on Withdrawal of Life Support in Adult Patients in the Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Kirchhoff Karin T. , Anumandla Prashanth Reddy , Foth Kristine Therese , Lues Shea Nicole , Gilbertson-White Stephanie Ho 
Published: November 2019

• Background Patients’ charts have been a source of data for retrospective studies of the quality of end-of-life care. In the intensive care unit, most patients die after withdrawal of life support. Chart reviews of this process could be used not only to assess the quality of documentation but also to provide information for quality improvement and research.• Objective To assess the documentation of end-of-life care of patients and their families by care providers in the intensive care unit.• Method Charts of 50 adult patients who died in the intensive care unit at a large midwestern hospital after initiation of withdrawal of life support (primarily mechanical ventilation) were reviewed. A form developed for the study was used for data collection.• Results The initiation of the decision making for withdrawal was documented in all 50 charts. Sixteen charts (32%) had no information on advance directives. Eight charts (16%) had no documentation on resuscitation status. About two thirds of the charts documented nurses’ participation during the withdrawal process; only one tenth documented physicians’ participation. A total of 13 charts (26%) had no information on the time of initiation of the withdrawal process, and 11 (22%) had no documentation of medications administered for withdrawal. Thirty-seven charts (74%) had information on whether the patient was or was not extubated during withdrawal.• Conclusion Comprehensive documentation of end-of-life care is lacking.