bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Arterial reconstruction using the donor’s gonadal vein in living renal transplantation with multiple renal arteries: a case report and a literature review
Authors: Tomizawa Mitsuru , Hori Shunta , Nishimura Nobutaka , Omori Chihiro , Nakai Yasushi , Miyake Makito , Yoneda Tatsuo , Fujimoto Kiyohide 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Arterial reconstruction is one of the paramount procedures in kidney transplantation (KT) and greatly important if the procured kidney has multiple renal arteries (MRA). Despite various established techniques for arterial reconstruction, sometimes, the surgeon finds performing arterial anastomoses challenging in case of MRA. In our case, the donor’s gonadal vein and recipient’s internal iliac artery graft were used for arterial anastomoses, and 3 years after KT, the allograft did not present vascular complications.

Case presentation
A 34-year-old man underwent ABO-incompatible preemptive living KT. The allograft had three renal arteries and four renal veins. After donor nephrectomy, arterial reconstruction was performed on a back table. These arteries were reconstructed into one piece using the recipient’s internal iliac artery graft. The two arteries at the middle of the renal hilum were reconstructed using the conjoined method. As the superior renal artery was too short to anastomose, the donor’s gonadal vein was used for extension. The internal iliac artery graft was anastomosed to the original internal iliac artery. Intraoperative Doppler ultrasonography revealed that the blood flow in each renal artery was adequate, resulting in sufficient blood flow throughout the allograft. The allograft function was maintained with a serum creatinine level of approximately 0.9 mg/dL without vascular complications 3 years after KT.

Conclusions
The donor’s gonadal vein can be a candidate for extension of the renal artery in the allograft with MRA. Further follow-up is needed for the assessment of long-term outcomes.
Incidence of acute kidney injury and use of renal replacement therapy in intensive care unit patients in Indonesia
Authors: Jonny Jonny , Hasyim Moch , Angelia Vedora , Jahya Ayu Nursantisuryani , Hilman Lydia Permata , Kusumaningrum Venna Febrian , Srisawat Nattachai 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Currently, there is limited epidemiology data on acute kidney injury (AKI) in Indonesia. Therefore, we assessed the incidence of AKI and the utilization of renal replacement therapy (RRT) in Indonesia.

Methods
Demographic and clinical data were collected from 952 ICU participants. The participants were categorized into AKI and non-AKI groups. The participants were further classified according to the 3 different stages of AKI as per the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcome (KDIGO) criteria.

Results
Overall incidence of AKI was 43%. The participants were divided into three groups based on the AKI stages: 18.5% had stage 1, 33% had stage 2, and 48.5% had stage 3. Primary diagnosis of renal disease and high APACHE II score were the risk factors associated with AKI (OR = 4.53, 95% CI: 1.67–12.33, p = 0.003 and OR = 1.14 per 1 unit increase, 95% CI: 1.09–1.20, p < 0.001, respectively). Chronic kidney disease was the risk factor for severe AKI. Sepsis was the leading cause of AKI. Among the AKI participants, 24.6% required RRT. The most common RRT modalities were intermittent hemodialysis (71.7%), followed by slow low-efficiency dialysis (22.8%), continuous renal replacement therapy (4.3%), and peritoneal dialysis (1.1%).

Conclusions
This study showed that AKI was a common problem in the Indonesian ICU. We strongly believe that identification of the risk factors associated with AKI will help us develop a predictive score for AKI so we can prevent and improve AKI outcome in the future.
Reinvestigation of the origins of pineal meningiomas based on its related veins and arachnoid membranes
Authors: Yu Lei , Orazmyradov Berdimyrat , Qi Songtao , Song Ye , Fang Luxiong 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
A series of patients harboring pineal region meningiomas were respectively analyzed to explore the origin of these tumors and the true meaning of the term “velum interpositum (VI) meningiomas”.

Methods
21 patients with pineal meningiomas underwent operation in Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University from January 2005 to December 2016 were retrospectively included to analyze the clinical features, imaging findings and surgical video data of these patients. According to the method of literature, the data of this group were also divided into falcotentorial (FT) meningiomas and VI meningiomas, and the differences between the two types of tumors were compared.

Results
Among the 21 cases of tumor, there were 12 cases of FT meningiomas, including 4 cases originating from cerebral falx, 4 cases from tentorium of cerebellum and 4 cases from straight sinus; there were 9 cases of VI meningiomas, 7 of which originated from the arachnoid sleeve of the Galen vein, 1 from the posterior part of the internal cerebral vein and 1 from the posterior surface of the pineal gland. Postoperative pathological examination showed meningiomas in all the 21 patients, including 16 cases of total resection and 5 cases of subtotal resection. Postoperatively limitation of binocular vertical motion was found in 3 cases, homotropic hemianopia in 7 cases, hemiplegia in 1 case and death in 1 case.

Conclusions
This study suggests that pineal meningiomas are more suitable to be described by FT meningioma and meningiomas of the arachnoid of the pineal region by analyzing the origin of tumors. The term “VI meningiomas” can only reflect a part of meningiomas of the arachnoid of the pineal region. Before the removal of pineal meningiomas, more attention should be paid to the effects of the two types of tumors on the Galen vein and the straight sinus, and the establishment of venous collateral circulation.
The clinical significance of the T2-FLAIR mismatch sign in grade II and III gliomas: a population-based study
Authors: Corell Alba , Ferreyra Vega Sandra , Hoefling Nickoleta , Carstam Louise , Smits Anja , Olsson Bontell Thomas , Björkman-Burtscher Isabella M. , Carén Helena , Jakola Asgeir Store 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe T2-FLAIR mismatch sign is an imaging finding highly suggestive of isocitrate dehydrogenase mutated (IDH-mut) 1p19q non-codeleted (non-codel) gliomas (astrocytomas). In previous studies, it has shown excellent specificity but limited sensitivity forIDH-mut astrocytomas. Whether the mismatch sign is a marker of a clinically relevant subtype ofIDH-mut astrocytomas is unknown.MethodsWe included histopathologically verified supratentorial lower-grade gliomas (LGG) WHO grade II-III retrospectively during the period 2010–2016. In the period 2017–2018, patients with suspected LGG radiologically were prospectively included, and in this cohort other diagnoses than glioma could occur. Clinical, radiological and molecular data were collected. For clinical evaluation we included all patients withIDH-mut astrocytomas. In the 2010–2016 cohort DNA methylation analysis with Infinium MethylationEPIC BeadChip (Illumina) was performed for patients with anIDH-mut astrocytoma with available tissue. We aimed to examine the association of the T2-FLAIR mismatch sign with clinical factors and outcomes. Additionally, we evaluated the diagnostic reliability of the mismatch sign and its relation to methylation profiles.ResultsOut of 215 patients with LGG, 135 had knownIDH-mutation and 1p19q codeletion status. Fifty patients had anIDH-mut astrocytoma and 12 of these (24.0%) showed a mismatch sign. The sensitivity and specificity of the mismatch sign forIDH-mut detection were 26.4 and 97.6%, respectively. There were no differences between patients with anIDH-mut astrocytoma with or without mismatch sign when grouped according to T2-FLAIR mismatch sign with respect to baseline characteristics, clinical outcomes and methylation profiles. The overall interrater agreement between neuroradiologist and clinical neurosurgeons for the T2-FLAIR mismatch sign was significant when all 215 MRI examination assessed (κ = 0.77,p < 0.001,N = 215).ConclusionThe T2-FLAIR mismatch sign in patients with anIDH-mut astrocytoma is not associated with clinical presentation or outcome. It seems unlikely that theIDH-mut astrocytomas with mismatch sign represent a specific subentity. Finally, we have validated that the T2-FLAIR mismatch sign is a reliable and specific marker ofIDH-mut astrocytomas.
Yield of household contact investigation of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in southern Ethiopia
Authors: Yassin Mubarek A. , Yirdaw Kesetebirhan D. , Datiko Daniel G. , Cuevas Luis E. , Yassin Mohammed A. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Household Contacts (HHCs) of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) have a higher risk of developing TB. Contact investigation is recommended to reach this group and identify undiagnosed cases. In this study, we have determined the yield of contact investigation among HHCs of patients with smear-positive PTB, and estimated TB burden.

Methods
We conducted retrospective record review for the occurrence of TB among HHCs of Index PTB+ cases treated between November 2010 and April 2013 in 12 public health facilities in Boricha district. HHCs were followed up monthly and revisited between March and June 2015. Information on additional TB cases diagnosed and treated among HHCs were documented. HHCs who were diagnosed as having TB after the index cases were diagnosed and treated were considered as ‘incident cases’. Presumptive TB case was defined as those having cough for ≥2 weeks or enlarged lymph node. Diagnosis of TB among HHCs were made using smear-microscopy and/or X-rays, and clinically for Extra-pulmonary TB (EPTB).

Results
One thousand five hundred and seventeenth HHCs of 344 index cases were visited and screened for TB and followed up for a median of 37 months. 77 (5.1% - 72 with PTB and 5 with EPTB) HHCs developed TB during 4713 person-years of follow-up with an estimated incidence of 1634 (95% CI: 1370-2043) per 100,000 person-years follow-up which is much higher than the estimated TB incidence for the general population in Ethiopia of 210/100,000. Half (41/77) of incident TB cases were diagnosed within the first year of diagnosis of the index cases and 88% (68/77) were adults (Hazard Ratio: 4.03; 95% CI: 2.00–8.12).

Conclusion
HHCs of index PTB+ cases have high risk of developing active TB. Long term follow-up of HHCs could help improve TB case finding depending on country contexts. Further studies on effectiveness and feasibility of the approach and integration in routine settings are needed.
Migrants and imported disease: Trends of admission in an Italian infectious disease ward during the migration crisis of 2015–2017
Authors: Del Puente Filippo , Riccardi Niccolò , Taramasso Lucia , Sarteschi Giovanni , Pincino Rachele , Di Biagio Antonio 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Since 2014, the migrant population residing in Europe has dramatically increased. Migrants’ unmet health needs represent a barrier to integration and should be promptly addressed, without stigma, in order to favour resettlement.

Methods
All-cause of admissions in the migrant population at the Infectious Disease Clinic of Policlinico San Martino Hospital in Genoa between 2015 and 2017 were analysed. Patients were classified by duration of residence in Italy according to the Recommendation on Statistics of International Migration, cause of hospitalization, and region of origin. All data were evaluated with SPSS Statistics.

Results
Two hundred thirty-five people were admitted, 86 (36.5%) of them residing in Italy for less than 1 year. Except for a significant increase in migrants from Africa, there was no change considering the area of origin, hospitalization reason or by comparing residency in Italy for more or less than 1 year. A considerable number of hospitalizations were related to non-communicable pathologies and latent tuberculosis infection. Residents in Italy for less than 1 year or with active tuberculosis had prolonged hospitalizations, while HIV-infected had shorter hospital stays.

Conclusions
No difference in terms of diagnosis were found between migrants with longer or shorter period of residence in Italy. Adequate outpatient services for the management of communicable diseases could significantly reduce the length of hospitalizations in the migrant population.
A cross-sectional analysis of falsified, counterfeit and substandard medicines in a low-middle income country
Authors: Khurelbat Daariimaa , Dorj Gereltuya , Sunderland Bruce , Sanjjav Tsetsegmaa , Bayarsaikhan Enkhtuul , Damdinjav Davaadagva , Dorj Gantuya , Jigjidsuren Altantuya , Lkhagvasuren Oyun , Erdenetsetseg Baasandorj 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
High prevalence of falsified, counterfeit and substandard medicines pose a threat to public health and treatment failure. This study aimed to investigate the quality of selected essential medicines available in Mongolia.

Methods
A cross-sectional study collected essential medicines from pharmacy outlets in Mongolia, during June and July, 2017. These products were then submitted for pharmacopoeial analysis and registration status.

Results
A total of 1770 samples from 118 pharmacy entities were purchased from wholesalers in urban and rural areas. Pharmacopoeial analysis found 179 (10.1%) samples or eleven product groups were unacceptable. The prevalence of substandard locally produced medicines (n = 105, 5.9%) was higher than imported equivalents [(n = 74, 4.17%, p = 0.0001)]. Approximately one-third of all unacceptable tests were related to assay (n = 73, 30.8%) and weight variation. Of 1770 samples, 76 (4.3%) were unregistered and the prevalence of unregistered samples was 3.8% in Ulaanbaatar city and 5.8% in rural areas, respectively.

Conclusions
This study has indicated that falsified and substandard medicines are prevalent in Mongolia. Considerable effort is required by regulatory authorities, private manufacturers, as well as importers to increase the quality of essential medicines in Mongolia.
Seroprevalence and associated risk factors for chlamydiosis, coxiellosis and brucellosis in sheep and goats in Borana pastoral area, southern Ethiopia
Authors: Tesfaye Asamenew , Sahele Mesfin , Sori Teshale , Guyassa Chala , Garoma Abebe 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Abortion is considered an important disease problem of small ruminants in Borana pastoral area. A cross-sectional study was conducted to estimate the prevalence and risk factors of chlamydiosis, coxiellosis (Q-fever) and brucellosis in small ruminants in selected districts of Borana zone.

Results
A total of 506 sheep and goats were tested using serological tests. Fifty (9.88%; 95% CI: 7.42, 12.82), 144 (28.46%; 95% CI: 24.56, 32.61) and none (0.00%; 95% CI: 0.00, 0.59) of them were positive for chlamydiosis, coxiellosis and brucellosis, respectively. History of abortion was recorded in 136 (32.00%; CI: 27.59, 36.67) of sheep and goats in the study area. The logistic regression analysis, however, showed that statistically significant difference ccurred among districts and between the species of small ruminants. The prevalence odd of antibodies against C. abortus was significantly lower in Miyo, Dire and Teltelle districts compared to Dillo. The odd of infection with this bacterium was lower in sheep than goats. Similarly the odd of infection with C. burnettii was significantly higher in Dillo district than the rest of the districts studied, higher in goats than sheep and higher in adult animals than young ones.

Conclusion
High prevalence of abortion is observed in sheep and goats in the study area. High seropositivity of C. burnetii and C. abortus in both sheep and goats tested implies risks of human infection by both diseases. Thus, attention needs to be paid to further study of both diseases in animals and humans in the area.
Cisplatin treatment induced interleukin 6 and 8 production alters lung adenocarcinoma cell migration in an oncogenic mutation dependent manner
Authors: Kiss Edit , Abdelwahab El Husseiny Mohamed Mahmud , Steib Anita , Papp Emoke , Torok Zsofia , Jakab Laszlo , Smuk Gabor , Sarosi Veronika , Pongracz Judit Erzsebet 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe predominant metastatic site of lung cancer (LC) is the brain. Although outdated, conventional cisplatin treatment is still the main therapeutic approach for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), since targeted therapy that offers better tumor control is not always possible. In the present study brain metastasis associated cytokine expression was investigated in primary NSCLC adenocarcinoma (AC) tissues with known oncogenic mutations in the presence or absence of platina based and tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) drugs.MethodsPrimary lung tumor samples were isolated, DNA was sequenced and then the samples were grouped based on mutation. Experiments were also performed using KRAS mutant A549 and EGFR mutant PC-9 cells. Drug response was analyzed in three dimensional (3D) tissue cultures. We assessed drug response and IL-6 and IL-8 cytokine expression in relation to cellular invasion using ATP dependent cell viability, qRT-PCR analysis, cytokine bead array, and migration assay.ResultsIn 3D co-cultures, primary NSCLC derived cells harboring EGFR mutation responded better to erlotinib treatment than KRAS mutant or KRAS/EGFR wild type (WT) cancer cells. In contrast, under the same culture conditions KRAS/EGFR WT or KRAS mutant cancer cells are more sensitive to cisplatin than EGFR mutant cells. Drug response and pro-inflammatory cytokine production varied depending on the driver mutations. Cisplatin but not erlotinib increased both IL-6 and IL-8 secretion and only IL-6 increased cellular migration and proliferation.ConclusionIn vitro assays are available to determine the response to planned therapeutic approach of lung cancer subtypes. The sequence of administration of therapeutic drugs determines cytokine production and therefore therapeutic response.
Adipocytes promote tumor progression and induce PD-L1 expression via TNF-α/IL-6 signaling
Authors: Li Zhi , Zhang Cai , Du Jing-Xia , Zhao Jia , Shi Meng-Ting , Jin Man-Wen , Liu Hui 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Obesity confers increased risk for various types of cancer. PD-L1 is a key molecule in tumor immune evasion by inducing T cell exhaustion. The relationship between obesity and PD-L1 is still ambiguous. This study was designed to reveal the development of hepatocellular carcinoma and melanoma in obese mice and to investigate if adipocytes regulate PD-L1 expression and the underlying mechanism.

Methods
Monosodium glutamate-induced obese mice were inoculated with H22 tumor cells and High fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice were inoculated with B16-F1 mouse melanoma cells. Human hepatoma HepG2 cells and B16-F1 cells were treated with conditional media from 3T3-L1 adipocytes (adi-CM). Neutralized anti-TNF-α and anti-IL-6 antibodies and inhibitor of NF-κB or STAT3 were used to reveal the mechanism of effect of adi-CM.

Results
In obese mice, H22 and B16-F1 tumor tissues grew faster and PD-L1 expression in tumor tissue was increased. Adi-CM up-regulated PD-L1 level in HepG2 and B16-F1 cells in vitro. Differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes secreted TNF-α and IL-6, and neutralizing TNF-α and/or IL-6 reduced PD-L1 expression in adi-CM-treated cells. p-NF-κB/NF-κB level was downregulated in HepG2 and B16-F1 cells, and p-STAT3/STAT3 level was also decreased in HepG2 cells. In addition, inhibitor of NF-κB or STAT3 reversed the effect of adi-CM on PD-L1 expression.

Conclusions
TNF-α and IL-6 secreted by adipocytes up-regulates PD-L1 in hepatoma and B16-F1 cells, which may be at least partially involved in the role of obesity in promoting tumor progression.
Scaling up malaria elimination management and leadership: a pilot in three provinces in Zimbabwe, 2016–2018
Authors: Chung Amanda Marr , Case Peter , Gosling Jonathan , Gosling Roland , Madinga Munashe , Chikodzore Rudo , Hove Macdonald , Viljoen Greyling , Chitapi Precious , Gumbi Matsiliso , Mnguni Peliwe , Murungu Joseph , Dube Busisani , Dhliwayo Patience , Mberikunashe Joseph 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundFocus for improved malaria programme performance is often placed on the technical challenges, while operational issues are neglected. Many of the operational challenges that inhibit malaria programme effectiveness can be addressed by improving communication and coordination, increasing accountability, maintaining motivation, providing adequate training and supervision, and removing bureaucratic silos.MethodsA programme of work was piloted in Zimbabwe with one malaria eliminating province, Matabeleland South in 2016–2017, and scaled up to include two other provinces, Matabeleland North and Midlands, in 2017–2018. The intervention included participatory, organization development and quality improvement methods.ResultsWorkshop participants in Matabeleland South reported an improvement in data management. In Matabeleland North, motivation among nurses improved as they gained confidence in case management from training, and overall staff morale improved. There was also an improvement in data quality and data sharing. In Midlands, the poorly performing district was motivated to improve, and both participating districts became more goal-oriented. They also became more focused on monitoring their data regularly. Participants from all provinces reported having gained skills in listening, communicating, facilitating discussions, and making presentations. Participation in the intervention changed the mindset of malaria programme staff, increasing ownership and accountability, and empowering them to identify and solve problems, make decisions, and act within their sphere of influence, elevating challenges when appropriate.ConclusionsThis pilot demonstrates that a participatory, organization development and quality improvement approach has broad ranging effects, including improving local delivery of interventions, tailoring strategies to target specific populations, finding efficiencies in the system that could not be found using the traditional top-down approach, and improving motivation and communication between different cadres of health workers. Scale-up of this simple model can be achieved and benefits sustained over time if the process is imbedded into the programme with the training of health staff who can serve as management improvement coaches. Methods to improve operational performance that are scalable at the district level are urgently needed: this approach is a possible tactic that can significantly contribute to the achievement of global malaria eradication goals.