bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Isolation of Candida africana in oral candidiasis: First report among cancer patients in Iran
Authors: Lotfali Ensieh , Mardani Masoud , Abolghasemi Sara , Darvishnia David , Rabiei Mohammad Mahdi , Ghasemi Reza , Fattahi Azam 
Published: August 2020

Background and Purpose: Oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) is a fungal infection of the oral cavity caused by the members of C. albicans complex. Although C. africana, as a part of the complex, is considered to be mostly responsible for the development of vulvovaginal candidiasis, it may be associated with a wider clinical spectrum.
Case report: This report described two cases diagnosed with oral candidiasis during the receipt of treatment for malignancies. Conventional and molecular tests were performed on the samples collected from the patients’ oral cavities. The test results revealed C. africana as the causative agent of oral candidiasis. Furthermore, in vitro antifungal susceptibility test indicated the full susceptibility of all C. africana isolates to caspofungin. However, the data were also suggestive of the resistance against fluconazole and amphotericin B. Caspofungin was used as the main antifungal agent for the treatment of oral candidiasis, resulting in the improvement of thrush in patients. The resistance of C. africana to fluconazole and amphotericin B suggests the necessity of performing in vitro susceptibility testing on the isolates for the selection of appropriate antifungal agents.
Conclusion: As the findings indicated, the achievement of knowledge regarding C. africana as an emerging non-albicans Candida species and its antifungal susceptibility profile is crucial to select antifungal prophylaxis and empirical therapy for oral candidiasis in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.
Epidemiological characterization of pityriasis versicolor and distribution of Malassezia species in students from Hai Phong city, Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Bac Duy , Vo Hien Thi Thanh , Thanh Mai Dinh Thi , Vu Thai Van , Lai Thuy Thi Thanh , Nguyen Mui Thi , Bui Anh Thi Hong , Trinh Khuong Van , Cao Loi Ba , Trieu Sang Tien , Le Dung Thi Kim , Hoang Sa Cao , Le Anh Tran , Nguyen Luc Khac , Do Anh Ngoc 
Published: August 2020

Background and Purpose: Pityriasis versicolor (PV) is a common fungal skin infection caused by Malassezia species. Previous studies have shown that the prevalence of PV is influenced by geographic factors. The aim of the current study was to find the epidemiological characteristics of PV and distribution of Malassezia species in the secondary school students living in Hai Phong city, Vietnam.
Materials and Methods: This study was conducted on 1357 students within the age range of 10 - 16 years selected from four secondary schools in Hai Phong city. The students were screened for PV skin lesions from August 2016 to December 2017. The isolates of Malassezia from PV patients were analyzed by performing direct microscopy and culturing on modified Dixon agar plates, containing gentamicin, at 32oC for 7 days. In the next stage, the fungal strains obtained from patients with positive fungal cultures were identified using the CHROMagarTM Malassezia medium, polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism techniques, and D1/D2 rDNA genome sequencing.
Results: Pityriasis versicolor was diagnosed in 305 (22.48%) students and confirmed by clinical appearance and direct examination. A total of 293 (96.07%) samples grew on modified Dixon agar. With regard to demographic characteristics, 50.49% of the PV cases were female, and 57.38% of cases resided in urban areas. Furthermore, 88.52% of the subjects had the illness duration of more than 6 months. Hypopigmented and erythematous skin lesions were also observed in the research participants, with hypopigmentation being the most frequent condition (97.05%). Most of the Malassezia fungal strains were isolated from the back (39.56%), face (23.99%), and chest (16.51%). Malassezia furfur and M. japonica accounted for PV in 96.25% and 3.75% of the cases, respectively. Furthermore, Malassezia furfur was distributed in both rural and urban areas, while M. japonica was found only in the urban areas.
Conclusion: The findings of the present study were indicative of the high prevalence of Malassezia yeasts, mostly M. furfur, among the students in Hai Phong city, Vietnam for print
Invasive fungal infections in a pediatric hematology-oncology department: A 16-year retrospective study
Authors: Kazakou Nikoleta , Vyzantiadis Timoleon-Achilleas , Gambeta Anastasia , Vasileiou Eleni , Tsotridou Eleni , Kotsos Dimitrios , Giantsidi Athina , Saranti Anna , Palabougiouki Maria , Ioannidou Maria , Hatzipantelis Emmanuil , Tragiannidis Athanasios 
Published: August 2020

Background and Purpose: Invasive fungal infections (IFIs) are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised children. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the incidence of IFIs in pediatric patients with underlying hematologic malignancies and determine the patient characteristics, predisposing factors, diagnosis, treatment efficacy, and outcome of IFIs.
Materials and Methods: For the purpose of the study, a retrospective analysis was performed on cases with proven and probable fungal infections from January 2001 to December 2016 (16 years).
Results: During this period, 297 children with hematologic malignancies were admitted to the 2nd Pediatric Department of Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece, and 24 cases of IFIs were registered. The most common underlying diseases were acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL; n=19, 79%), followed by acute myeloid leukemia (AML; n=4, 17%) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL; n=1, 4%). The crude incidence rates of IFIs in ALL, AML, and NHL were 10.5%, 18.2%, and 2.8% respectively. Based on the results, 25% (n=6) and 75% (n=18) of the patients were diagnosed as proven and probable IFI cases, respectively. The lung was the most common site of involvement in 16 (66.7%) cases. Furthermore, Aspergillus and Candida species represented 58.3% and 29.1% of the identified species, respectively. Regarding antifungal treatment, liposomal amphotericin B was the most commonly prescribed therapeutic agent (n=21), followed by voriconazole (n=9), caspofungin (n=3), posaconazole (n=3), micafungin (n=1), and fluconazole (n=1). In addition, 12 children received combined antifungal treatment. The crude mortality rate was obtained as 33.3%.
Conclusion: As the findings of the present study indicated, despite the progress in the diagnosis and treatment of IFIs with the use of new antifungal agents, the mortality rate of these infections still remains high.
Robot-assisted spleen preserving distal pancreatectomy (RA-SPDP): a single center experience
Authors: Kauffmann Emanuele Federico , Napoli Niccolò , Menonna Francesca , Genovese Valerio , Cacace Concetta , Gianfaldoni Cesare , Vistoli Fabio , Amorese Gabriella , Boggi Ugo 
Published: August 2020

Aim : To define the outcome of robot-assisted spleen preserving distal pancreatectomy (RA-SPDP) in a high-volume center.
Methods : A retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained database was performed to identify RA-SPDP performed at our Center between April 2008 to October 2017.
Results : During the study period, RA-SPDP was attempted in 54 patients. The spleen was preserved, always along with the splenic vessels (Kimura procedure), in 52 patients (96.3%). There were no conversions to open or laparoscopic surgery. Mean operative time was 260 min (231.3-360.0). Grade B post-operative pancreatic fistula (POPF) occurred in 19 patients (35.2%). There were no grade C POPF. Two patients required repeat surgery because of postoperative bleeding and splenic infarction, respectively. There were no post-operative deaths at 90 days. Excluding one patient with known diagnosis of metastasis from renal cell carcinoma, malignancy was eventually identified in 7 of 53 patients (13.2%).
Conclusion : In the hands of dedicated pancreatic surgeons, robotic assistance results in a high rate of spleen preservation with good clinical outcomes. Despite careful preoperative selection, several patients can be found to have a malignant tumor. Taken altogether these results suggest that patients requiring these procedures should be preferentially referred to specialized centers.
Pembentukan Identitas Ideologi Prestise Media Sosial blackberry Messenger (BBM) pada Smartphone
Authors: Haeriyyah Haeriyyah 
Published: August 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi ideologi prestise dengan teori mitologi Barthes dari sebuah aplikasi BBM di smarphone. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kepustakaan dengan metode kualitatif.Hasli penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat distorsi dan penyelewengan teks yang mengakibatkan “kesadaran palsu”. Smartphone yang gaul, berprestise dan mahal adalah smartphone yang dilengkapi dengan aplikasi Sosial media BBM. “Kesadaran palsu” ini membuat orang berpikir bahwa yang tidak menggunakannya berarti tidak gaul dan bisa saja berpotensi mengurangi kepercayaan dirinya. Sehingga mereka harus berusaha dengan berbagai cara agar smartphone yang dia gunakan harus memiliki aplikasi media Sosial BBM, walaupun terkadang dia hidup pas-pasan. Identitas smartphone gaul yang ditampilkan oleh model-model dalam iklan bukanlah realitas yang sebenarnya. Semua yang ada telah direkayasa untuk mempersuasi orang.
تداخل الصيغ الصرفية في المصدر الميمي مع المشتقات الأخرى و مشكلاته الدلالي والتعليمي
Authors: Damhuri Damhuri 
Published: August 2020

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pola morfologis (al-shiyag al-sharfiyah) dari al-mashdar al-mimi dalam bahasa Arab. Urgensi kajian terletak pada adanya fenomena bahwa pola morfologis al-mashdar al-mimi dalam bahasa Arab memiliki kesamaan dengan pola bentuk morfologis lainnya. Hal ini menyebabkan terjadinya tumpang tindih makna antara al-mashdar al-mimi dengan bentuk morfologis lainnya. Pola morfologis pada dasarnya merupakan patron yang membedakan antara bentuk dan makna sebuah kata. Namun dalam kenyataannya, terdapat sejumlah pola morfologis atau wazan dalam bahasa Arab yang memiliki keserupaan dengan wazan al-mashdar al-mimi, di antaranya: wazan isim zaman, isim makan, isim alat, dan lain-lain. Fenomena ini menyebabkan kemungkinan lahirnya keragaman pemaknnaan sebuah kata karena kesamaan dalam pola morfologis. Kemungkinan keragaman makna ini berimplikasi terhadap lahirnya perbedaan para mufassir dalam menafsirkan kata tertentu dalam Alquran. Dari perspektif pembelajaran, fenomena seperti menyebabkan kesulitan bagi peserta didik dalam mempelajari ilmu sharf, terutama untuk para pembelajar pemula. Atas dasar ini, maka dibutuhkan metode atau strategi yang efektif dalam mengajarkan sharf, terutama ketika mengajarkan pola morfologis yang tumpang tindih dalam wazan, untuk memudahkan bagi para pembelajar pemula.
Loss of Elbow Flexion in Congenital Arthrogryposis Treated with a Bipolar Latissimus Transfer
Authors: Stein Matthew , Ashley Blair , Falk David , Gittings Daniel , Glaser David , Levin Lawrence Scott 
Published: August 2020

Case:
A 20-year-old man with congenital arthrogryposis presented for evaluation of biceps dysfunction. Although his left elbow was supple with 0° to 110° passive range of motion (ROM), he had no active ROM and was unable to perform basic activities of daily living such as bringing his hand to his mouth to feed himself. A bipolar latissimus transfer was performed to achieve functional active ROM.

Conclusion:
Bipolar latissimus transfer is a challenging, robust flap able to restore active elbow flexion in select groups of patients with biceps dysfunction, supple elbow, and functional latissimus dorsi.
Molecular epidemiological surveillance of Africa and Asia imported malaria in Wuhan, Central China: comparison of diagnostic tools during 2011–2018
Authors: Xie Yiting , Wu Kai , Cheng Weijia , Jiang Tingting , Yao Yi , Xu Mingxing , Yang Yan , Tan Huabing , Li Jian 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Malaria remains a serious public health problem globally. As the elimination of indigenous malaria continues in China, imported malaria has gradually become a major health hazard. Well-timed and accurate diagnoses could support the timely implementation of therapeutic schedules, reveal the prevalence of imported malaria and avoid transmission of the disease.Methods: Blood samples were collected in Wuhan, China, from August 2011 to December 2018. All patients accepted microscopy and rapid diagnosis test (RDT) examinations. Subsequently, each of the positive or suspected positive cases was tested for four human-infectious Plasmodium species by using 18S rRNA-based nested PCR and Taqman probe-based real-time PCR. The results of the microscopy and the two molecular diagnostic methods were analysed. Importation origins were traced by country, and the prevalence of Plasmodium species was analysed by year.Results: A total of 296 blood samples, including 288 that were microscopy and RDT positive, 7 RDT and P. falciparum positive, and 1 suspected case, were collected and reanalysed. After application of the two molecular methods and sequencing, 291 cases including 245 P. falciparum, 15 P. vivax, 20 P. ovale, 6 P. malariae and 5 mixed infections (3 P. falciparum + P. ovale, 2 P. vivax + P. ovale) were confirmed. These patients had returned from Africa (95.53%) and Asia (4.47%). Although the prevalence displayed a small-scale fluctuation, the overall trend of the imported cases increased yearly. Conclusions: These results emphasize the necessity of combined utilization of the four tools for malaria diagnosis in clinic and in field surveys of potential risk regions worldwide including Wuhan.
Night sleep duration and risk of each lipid profile abnormality in a Chinese population: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Song Qiaofeng , Liu Xiaoxue , Zhou Wenhua , Wu Shouling , wang xizhu 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background To explore the associations between sleep duration and abnormalities in serum lipid levels in a Chinese population. Methods A prospective study was conducted with 34,260 participants from the general Chinese population. Sleep duration was categorized as ≤5, 6, 7, 8 or ≥9 h. Each lipid profile abnormality was defined according to the Chinese Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Dyslipidemia in Adults (2016). The Cox proportional hazards model was used to assess the association between sleep duration and dyslipidemia. Results Compared with a 7 h sleep duration, long sleep duration (≥9 h) was significantly associated with low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels (hazard ratio (HR): 1.24; 95% CI: 1.12–1.38). In subgroup analyses, the positive association between long sleep duration and low HDL-C level in men and in the different age groups was more pronounced than the association in women. No significant interactions were observed in the association between sleep duration and each abnormal serum lipid level by sex/age in the study population (P-interaction>0.05). Conclusions These findings suggest that long sleep duration is associated with low HDL-C level among the Kailuan community population.
Professional Roles of General Practitioners, Community Pharmacists and Specialist Providers in Collaborative Medication Deprescribing - A Qualitative Study
Authors: Gerlach Navina , Michiels-Corsten Matthias , Viniol Annika , Schleef Tanja , Junius-Walker Ulrike , Krause Olaf , Donner-Banzhoff Norbert 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Collaborative care approaches between general practitioners (GPs) and pharmacists have received international recognition for medication optimization and deprescribing efforts. Although specialist providers have been shown to influence deprescribing, their profession so far remains omitted from collaborative care approaches for medication optimization. Similarly, while explorative studies on role perception and collaboration between GPs and pharmacists grow, interaction with specialists for medication optimization is neglected. Our qualitative study therefore aims to explore GPs’, community pharmacists’ and specialist providers’ role perceptions of deprescribing, and to identify interpersonal as well as structural factors that may influence collaborative medication optimization approaches.Method: Seven focus-group discussions with GPs, community pharmacists and community specialists were conducted in Hesse and Lower Saxony, Germany. The topic guide focused on views and experiences with deprescribing with special attention to inter-professional collaboration. We conducted conventional content analysis and conceptualized emerging themes using the Theoretical Domains Framework.Results: 26 GPs, four community pharmacists and three community specialists took part in the study. The main themes corresponded to the four domains ´Social/professional role and identity` (1), ´Social influences’ (2), ´Reinforcement` (3) and ´Environmental context and resources’ (4) which were further described by beliefs statements, that is inductively developed key messages. For (1), GPs emerged as central medication managers while pharmacists and specialists were assigned confined or subordinated tasks in deprescribing. Social influences (2) encompassed patients’ trust in GPs as a support, while specialists and pharmacists were believed to threaten GPs’ role and deprescribing attempts. Reinforcements (3) negatively affected GPs’ and pharmacists’ effort in medication optimization by social reprimand and lacking reward. Environmental context (4) impeded deprescribing efforts by deficient reimbursement and resources as well as fragmentation of care, while informational and gate-keeping resources remained underutilized. Conclusion: Understanding stakeholders’ role perceptions on collaborative deprescribing is a prerequisite for joint approaches to medication management. We found that clear definition and dissemination of roles and responsibilities are premise for avoiding intergroup conflicts. Role performance and collaboration must further be supported by structural factors like adequate reimbursement, resources and a transparent continuity of care.
The Impact of Stage of Labor on Adverse Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes in Multiparous Women: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: wang li , Wang hongxia , jia lu , qing wenjie , Li fan , Zhou Jie 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: The correlation between stage of labor and adverse delivery outcomes has been widely studied. Most of studies focused on nulliparous women, it was not very clear what impact the stage of labor duration had on multiparous women.Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted among all the multiparous women of cephalic, term, singleton births, who planned vaginal delivery. The total stage of labor covered the first stage and the second stage in this study, and they were divided into subgroups. Adverse maternal outcomes were defined as referral cesarean delivery, instrumental delivery, postpartum hemorrhage, perineal laceration (III and IV degree), hospitalization stay ≥90th, and adverse neonatal outcomes as NICU, shoulder dystocia, Apgar score ≤7(5 min), neonatal resuscitation, assisted ventilation required immediately after delivery. Results: There were 7109 parturients included in this study. The duration of first stage was 6.2(3.6-10.0) hours, the second stage was 0.3(0.2-0.7) hour, the total stage was 6.9(4.1-10.7) hours in multiparous women. At the first stage, the rates of overall adverse outcome were 21%, 23.4%, 28.8%, 35.5%, 38.4% in subgroups <6h, 6-11.9h, 12-17.9h, 18-23.9h, ≥24h, which increased significantly (X2=57.64, P<0.001), and ARR (95% CI) were 1.10 (0.92,1.31), 1.33 (1.04,1.70), 1.80 (1.21,2.68), 2.57 (1.60,4.15) compared with subgroup <6h (ARR=1); At the second stage, the rates of overall adverse outcome were 20.0%, 30.7%, 38.5%, 61.2%, 69.6% in subgroups <1h, 1-1.9h, 2-2.9h, 3-3.9h, ≥4h (X2=349.70, P<0.001), and ARR (95% CI) were 1.89 (1.50, 2.39), 2.22 (1.55, 3.18), 10.64 (6.09, 18.59), 11.75 (6.55, 21.08) compared with subgroup <1h (ARR=1)). At the total stage, the rates of overall adverse outcome were 21.5%, 30.8%, 42.4% in subgroups <12h, 12-23.9h, ≥24h (X2=84.90, P<0.001), and ARR (95% CI) were 1.41 (1.16,1.72), 3.17 (2.10,4.80) compared with subgroup <12h (ARR=1).Conclusions: The prolonged stage of labor may lead to increased adverse outcomes in multiparous women, it was an independent risk factor of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes.
Trends in and predictors of pregnancy termination among 15-24 yer old women in Nigeria: a multi-level analysis of Demographic and Health Surveys 2003-2018
Authors: Onukwugha Franklin I , Magdi Monica , Sarki Ahmed , Smith Lesley 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Three-quarters of pregnancy terminations in Africa are carried out in unsafe conditions. Unsafe abortion is the leading cause of maternal mortality among 15-24 year-old women in Sub-Saharan Africa. Greater understanding of the wider determinants of pregnancy termination in 15-24 year-olds could inform the design and development of interventions to mitigate the harm. Previous research has described the trends in and factors associated with termination of pregnancy for women of reproductive age in Nigeria. However, the wider determinants of pregnancy termination have not been ascertained, and data for all women have been aggregated which may obscure differences by age groups. Therefore, we examined the trends in and individual and contextual-level predictors of pregnancy termination among 15-24 year-old women in Nigeria. Methods: We analysed data from the 2003, 2008, 2013 and 2018 Nigerian Demographic and Health Surveys (NDHS) comprising 45,793 women aged 15-24 years. Trends in pregnancy termination across the four survey datasets were examined using bivariate analysis. Individual and contextual predictors of pregnancy termination were analysed using a three-level binary logistic regression analysis and are reported as adjusted odds ratios (aOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: Trends in pregnancy termination declined from 5.8% in 2003 to 4.2% in 2013 then reversed to 4.9% in 2018. The declining trend was greater for 15-24 year-old women with higher socioeconomic status. Around 17% of the total variation in pregnancy termination was attributable to community factors, and 7% to state-level factors. Of all contextual variables considered, only contraceptive prevalence (proxy for reproductive health service access by young women) at community level was significant. Living in communities with higher contraceptive prevalence increased odds of termination compared with communities with lower contraceptive prevalence (aOR=4.2; 95% CI 2.7-6.6). At the individual-level, sexual activity before age 15 increased odds of termination (aOR=2.3; 95% CI 1.9-2.8) compared with women who initiated sexual activity at age 18 years or older, and married women had increased odds compared with never married women (aOR=3.0; 95% CI 2.5-3.7).Conclusion: Our findings highlight the importance of disaggregating data for women across the reproductive lifecourse, and indicates where tailored interventions could be targeted to address factors associated with pregnancy termination among young women in Nigeria.