bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Functional categorization of de novo transcriptome assembly of Vanilla planifolia Jacks. potentially points to a translational regulation during early stages of infection by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vanillae
Authors: Cruz Marco Tulio Solano-De la , Adame-García Jacel , Gregorio-Jorge Josefat , Jiménez-Jacinto Verónica , Vega-Alvarado Leticia , Iglesias-Andreu Lourdes Georgina , Escobar-Hernández Esteban Elías , Luna-Rodríguez Mauricio 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background Upon exposure to unfavorable environmental conditions, plants need to respond quickly to maintain their homeostasis. For instance, physiological, biochemical and transcriptional changes occur during plant-pathogen interaction. In the case of Vanilla planifolia Jacks., a worldwide economically important crop, it is susceptible to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vanillae (Fov). This pathogen causes root and stem rot (RSR) in vanilla plants that lead to plant death. To investigate how vanilla plants, respond at the transcriptional level upon infection with Fov, here we employed the RNA-Seq approach to analyze the dynamics of whole-transcriptome changes during two-time frames of the infection. Results Analysis of global gene expression profiles upon infection by Fov indicated that the major transcriptional change occurred at 2 days post-inoculation (dpi), in comparison to 10 dpi. Briefly, the RNA-Seq analysis carried out in roots found that 3420 and 839 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected at 2 and 10 dpi, respectively, as compared to the control. In the case of DEGs at 2 dpi, 1563 genes were found to be up-regulated, whereas 1857 genes were down-regulated. Moreover, functional categorization of DEGs at 2 dpi indicated that up-regulated genes are mainly associated to translation, whereas down-regulated genes are involved in cell wall remodeling. Among the translational-related transcripts, ribosomal proteins (RPs) were found increased their expression exclusively at 2 dpi. Conclusions The screening of transcriptional changes of V. planifolia Jacks upon infection by Fov provides insights into the plant molecular response, particularly at early stages of infection. The accumulation of translational-related transcripts at early stages of infection potentially points to a transcriptional reprogramming coupled with a translational regulation in vanilla plants upon infection by Fov. Altogether, the results presented here highlight potential molecular players that might be further studied to improve Fov-induced resistance in vanilla plants.
The new complement inhibitor CRIg/FH ameliorates lupus nephritis in lupus-prone MRL/lpr mice
Authors: Shi Yu , Yao Wen , Sun Li , Li Guomin , Liu Haimei , Ding peipei , Hu Weiguo , Xu Hong 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Backgrounds: The aberrant activation of complement system is critically involved in lupus nephropathy. Recent study showed complement C3 inhibitor was effective in the treatment of lupus nephropathy. In this study, we investigate the effect of a novel complement C3 inhibitor, CRIg/FH, in the treatment of lupus nephropathy in MRL/lpr lupus mice.
Methods: We treated MRL/lpr female mice with a dose escalation of CRIg/FH (10, 5 and 2 mg/kg) by intraperitoneal injection twice weekly since 12 weeks age. In addition, MRL/lpr mice treated with intraperitoneal injection of normal saline or oral prednisone, along with C57BL/6J healthy mice were maintained to serve as controls. We started 8-hour urine collection weekly to screen proteinuria by measuring the levels of urine urea/creatinine. Serum samples was collected at week 16 and 20 to measure levels of urea nitrogen, creatinine, and immunological markers (C3, C4, A-ds-DNA) before the mice were sacrificed at 20 weeks age to collect kidneys for histopathological examinations.
Results: Overt skin lesions were observed in MRL/lpr mice treated with normal saline, while skin lesion was not observed in CRIg/FH treated MRL/lpr mice. There was no overt proteinuria observed in MRL/lpr mice treated with CRIg/FH. Serum creatinine and BUN levels in MRL/lpr mice was maintained in highest CRIg/FH dose (10 mg/kg twice a week) to be significantly lower than that in prednisone treated MRL/lpr mice at 20 weeks age. In addition, CRIg/FH treatment in MRL/lpr mice results in a significantly elevated serum C3 and C4 levels when compared to prednisone treatment at both 16 and 20 weeks. Furthermore, our study identified that serum level of A-ds-DNA was also significantly lower in CRIg/FH treatment than that in predisone treated MRL/lpr mice. Renal pathology confirmed that kidneys from CRIg/FH treated MRL/lpr mice suffered less from nephritis and complement disposition.
Conclusion: Our results showed that the complement inhibitor CRIg/FH can protect MRL/lpr mice from lupus nephropathy by preserving renal function and glomerulus complement activation. Our findings support the positive effect of complement inhibitors in the treatment of lupus nephropathy.
Purification of the recombinant green fluorescent protein from tobacco plants using alcohol/salt aqueous two-phase system and hydrophobic interaction chromatography
Authors: Dong Jie , Ding Xiangzhen , Wang Sheng 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: The green fluorescent protein (GFP) has been regarded as a valuable tool and widely applied as a biomarker in medical applications and diagnostics. A cost-efficient upstream expression system and an inexpensive downstream purification process will meet the demands of the GFP protein with high-purity.
Results : The recombinant GFP was transiently expressed in an active form in agoinoculated N. benthamiana leaves by using Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) RNA-based overexpression vector (TRBO). The yield of recombinant GFP was up to ~60% of total soluble proteins (TSP). Purification of recombinant GFP from the clarified lysate of N. benthaniana leaves was achieved by using an alcohol/salt aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) and following with a further hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC). The purification process takes only ~4 h and can recover 34.1 % of the protein. The purity of purified GFP was more than 95% and there were no changes in its spectroscopic characteristics.
Conclusions: The strategy described here combines the advantages of both the economy and efficiency of plant virus-based expression platform and the simplicity and rapidity of environmentally friendly alcohol/salt ATPS. It has a considerable potential for the development of a cost-efficient alternative for production of recombinant GFP.
Keywords: Green fluorescent protein, Plant virus, Transient gene expression, Aqueous two-phase system, Hydrophobic interaction chromatography
The effect of an organic rumen-protected fat supplement on performance, metabolic status, and health of dairy cows
Authors: Manriquez Diego , Chen Liang , Melendez Pedro , Pinedo Pablo 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background Negative energy balance during the transition period is a concern for both conventional and certified organic dairy systems. During early lactation, supplemental strategies are used to cope with nutrient deficiencies that are associated with impaired health, production, and reproduction. As organic certified dairies in the United States face restricted access to dietary supplements, the evaluation of products especially formulated for organic production is needed. Our objective was to assess the effect of supplementing 0.45 kg/d of an organic rumen-protected fat (RPF) on health, metabolic status, and productive and reproductive performance of organic certified Holstein cows from 1 to 150 days in milk (DIM). Two-hundred and two cows were enrolled in a randomized blocked controlled trial conducted from January to July, 2017 in a certified organic dairy located in Northern Colorado (USA). Two groups were randomly assigned to be individually supplemented with organic RPF (ORG; n = 100) or control pellets (CON; n = 102) once per day, in addition to the total mixed ration (TMR). Outcomes of interest included disease occurrence, culling, mortality, serum concentration of glucose and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), milk yield (kg/d) and milk components, resumption of cyclicity, time-to-first artificial insemination (AI), conception at first AI, and conception within 150 DIM. Results A significant effect for the inclusion of RPF was found in daily milk yield; RPF supplemented cows had greater milk yield (1.6 kg/d) compared to CON cows up to 150 DIM (P = 0.03). During grazing, multiparous (MP) ORG cows had greater milk yield compared to MP CON cows, whereas no effect was found in primiparous (PP) cows. Health outcomes, serum metabolite concentrations, and reproductive performance were not affected by the inclusion of RPF. Body condition loss was smaller in the ORG group up to 80 DIM; however, there was no effect on body condition during the grazing season and in the overall study period. Conclusions These results indicate that supplementation of RPF increased daily milk yield and prevented body condition loss during transition. However, RPF supplementation did not affect health, serum metabolite concentration, milk components, and reproductive outcomes.
Association between anemia and frailty in 13,175 community-dwelling adults aged 50 years and older in China
Authors: Ruan Ye , Guo Yanfei , Kowal Paul , Lu Ye , Liu Chazhen , Sun Shuangyuan , Huang Zhezhou , Zheng Yang , Wang Wenjing , Li Gan , Shi Yan , Wu Fan 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: Anemia and frailty contribute to poor health outcomes in older adults; however, most current research in lower income countries has concentrated on anemia or frailty alone rather than in combination. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between anemia and frailty in community-dwelling adults aged 50 years and older in China.
Methods: The study population was sourced from the 2007/10 SAGE China Wave 1. Anemia was defined as hemoglobin less than 13g/dL for men and less than 12g/dL for women. A Frailty Index (FI) was compiled to assess frailty. The association between anemia and frailty was evaluated using a 2-level hierarchical logistic model.
Results: The prevalence of anemia was 31.0% ( 95%CI : 28.4%, 33.8%) and frailty 14.7% ( 95%CI : 13.5%, 16.0%). In the univariate regression model, presence of anemia was significantly associated with frailty (OR=1.62, 95% CI : 1.39, 1.90) and the effect remained consistent after adjusting for various potential confounding factors including age, gender, residence, education, household wealth, fruit and vegetable intake, tobacco use, alcohol comsumption and physical activity (adjusted OR =1.31, 95% CI :1.09, 1.57). Each 1 g/dL increase in hemoglobin concentration was associated with 4% decrease in the odds of frailty after adjusting for several confounding variables (adjusted OR =0.96, 95% CI : 0.93, 0.99).
Conclusion: Anemia and low hemoglobin concentrations were significantly associated with frailty. Therefore, health care professionals caring for older adults should increase screening, assessment of causes and treatment of anemia as one method of avoiding, delaying or even reversing frailty.
Impact of NPS MedicineWise general practitioner education programs and Choosing Wisely Australia recommendations on prescribing of proton pump inhibitors in Australia
Authors: Wu Jianyun , Dickinson Scott , Elgebaly Zain , Blogg Suzanne Gaye , Heaney Aine , Soo Yien , Daniels Benjamin , Weekes Lynn 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: This study evaluated the impact of multifaceted NPS MedicineWise programs conducted in 2009 and 2015 that targeted general practitioners (GPs) to reduce unnecessary prescribing of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs).

Methods: Time series analyses was conducted of the dispensing rates of concessional PPI scripts between January 2006 and June 2016 using the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) and Medicare Benefits Schedule (MBS) databases in Australia. Participants were GPs with dispensed PPI prescriptions to concessional patients between January 2006 and June 2016. The interventions were national NPS MedicineWise PPI educational programs in 2009 and 2015 delivered to all practising GPs in Australia. The 2015 intervention coincided with the release of Choosing Wisely Australia recommendations from the Royal Australian College of General Practitioners (RACGP). Outcome measures included monthly dispensing rates of standard and low strength PPIs prescribed by GPs among concessional patients in Australia.

Results : Following the 2009 NPS MedicineWise program we observed a 6.7% reduction in the expected dispensing rate of standard strength PPIs among concessional patients between January 2006 and March 2015, and a total 8.6% reduction by June 2016 following the launch of the 2015 program. We observed a significant increase of 5.6% in the dispensing rate of low strength PPIs among concessional patients between April 2009 and March 2015, and no significant change in trend following the 2015 program.

Conclusions: The NPS MedicineWise programs were associated with reductions in the dispensing rate of standard strength PPIs, and with an increase in the dispensing rate of low-strength PPIs by June 2016 although a causal relation was not confirmed. Although the rate of standard strength PPI prescribing is declining, these formulations still constitute the majority of PPIs used in Australia. Regular interventions to sustain and improve PPI management by GPs may be warranted.
Recurrent episodes of reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy in three Chinese families with GJB1 mutations in X-linked Charcot-Marie-tooth type 1 disease： cases report
Authors: Liang Youlong , Liu Jingli , Cheng Daobin , Wu Yu , Mo Liuhong , huang wen 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background The X-linked form of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1(CMTX1) is an inherited peripheral neuropathy that arises in patients with mutations in the gap-junction beta-1 gene (GJB1).
Case presentation Three young male patients from Southern China with pes cavus experienced multiple episodes of transient central nervous system (CNS) dysfunction. Three patients all had reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy as detected by brain diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI-DWI). Nerve conduction velocity (NCV) showed sensorimotor polyneuropathy with mixed demyelinating and axonal features. Genetic testing indicated a c.425G>A (p. Arg 142 Glu) or c.563 C>T (p. Thr 188 Ile) or c.103G>C (p. Val 35 Leu) mutation in GJB1. The unique feature of this report is two novel mutations: c.563 C>T and sc.103G>C of GJB1 gene detected in two families respectively. Another unique feature is that peripheral neuropathy symptoms in three patients were insidious and found at the onset of CNS symptoms
Conclusions Central nervous system involvement in patients with CMTX1 indicates that myelin damage in the CNS and peripheral nerve system may have similar pathogenetic mechanisms.
Comparative study on the effects of different feeding habits and diets on intestinal microbiota in Acipenser baeri Brandt and Huso huso
Authors: Xu Guanling , Xing Wei , Li Tieliang , Xue Min , Ma Zhihong , Jiang Na , Luo Lin 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: Siberian sturgeon ( Acipenser baeri Brandt) and Beluga sturgeon ( Huso huso ) are two important commercial fish in China, and the feeding habits of them are very different. Diets and feeding habits are two significant factors to affect the gastrointestinal microbiota in ﬁsh. The intestinal microbiota has been reported to play a key role in nutrition and immunity. However, it is rarely reported about the relationship between the intestinal microbiota and feeding habits/diets on different Acipenseridae fish. This study is to comparative analysis of gut microbial community in Siberian sturgeon and Beluga sturgeon fed with the same diet/Beluga sturgeon fed with different diets in order to determine the effects of different feeding habits/diets on the fish intestinal microbiota.

Results: According to the experimental objectives, BL and BH groups were Beluga sturgeon ( Huso huso ) fed with low fishmeal diet and high fishmeal diet, respectively. SH group represented Siberian sturgeon ( Acipenser baeri Brandt) fed with the same diet as BH group. After 16 weeks feeding trial, the intestinal microbiota was examined by 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology. On the phylum level, Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes were signiﬁcantly higher in BL group than BH group, and Cyanobacteria showed the opposite trend. Compared with BH group, Proteobacteria and Firmicutes were signiﬁcantly increased in SH group, whereas Cyanobacteria were clearly decreased. At the genus level, Pseudomonas and Citrobacter in BL group were signiﬁcantly higher comparing with BH group, while Bacillus , Luteibacter , Staphylococcus and Oceanobacillus was lower in BH group than SH group.

Conclusions: Alpha and beta diversities indicated that the intestinal microﬂora were significant difference between Siberian sturgeon and Beluga sturgeon when they fed with the same diet. Meanwhile, Beluga sturgeon fed with low fishmeal diet can increase the species diversity of intestinal microbiota than it fed with high fishmeal diet. Therefore, feeding habits clearly affected the gastrointestinal microbiota of sturgeons. Moreover, the impact of changes in food on the gut microbiota of sturgeons should be taken into consideration during the process of sturgeon aquaculture.
Cerebrovascular events in hemodialysis patients; a retrospective observational study
Authors: Ozelsancak Ruya , Micozkadioglu Hasan , Torun Dilek , Tekkarismaz Nihan 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: This study reports findings in subjects who underwent brain imaging for any reason, and examined factors influencing cerebrovascular events (CVEs) in hemodialysis (HD) patients.
Methods: We reviewed the files of patients on HD between January 2015 and January 2018. A total of 432 patients who underwent HD for at least 5 months by the January 2015 and who were older than 18 years were included in the study; 264 had been examined by cerebral computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging examination within the 3 years. Cerebrovascular pathology was detected in 139 of 264 patients.
Results: Of the 139 patients, 65 (24.62 %) had ischemic lesions, 25 (9.47%) had hemorrhagic lesions, and 49 (18.56%) had cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). We compared recorded data and later clinical findings between patients with and those without CVEs. The cause of end-stage renal disease was diabetes in 58.5% of patients with ischemic lesions, 52% in those with hemorrhagic lesions, and 55% in those with CSVD (P < 0.05). Patients with cerebrovascular ischemia were older (P = 0.0001) and had lower serum creatinine (sCr) (P = 0.0001) and higher serum C-reactive protein (CRP) (P = 0.002) levels than normal subjects. Hemorrhagic patients were older (P = 0.003) and had lower sCr (P = 0.003) and serum predialysis potassium (P = 0.003) and parathyroid hormone (PTH) (P = 0.004) levels than normal subjects. Patients with CSVD were older (P < 0.0001) and had lower sCr (P < 0.0001), phosphorus (P < 0.007), and PTH (P < 0.013) and higher CRP (P < 0.002) levels than normal subjects.
Conclusions: HD patients with CVEs are older and typically have diabetes mellitus and lower sCr levels.
Efficacy and clinical predictors of response to rTMS treatment in pharmacoresistant obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD): A retrospective study
Authors: Rostami Reza , Kazemi Reza , Jabbari Arezoo , Madani Azam , Rostami Hosseinreza , Taherpour Mohammad Amin , Jaafari Nematollah , Kuo Min-Fang , Vicario Carmelo M. , Nitsche Michael A. , Salehinejad Mohammad Ali 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: Application of the repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for treating obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has been promising but effects differ between patients. Knowledge about clinical predictors of rTMS response may help to increase clinical efficacy but is not available so far.
Methods: In a retrospective study, we investigated the efficacy of rTMS over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) or supplementary motor area (SMA) in 65 pharamcoresistant OCD outpatients recruited for the rTMS treatment from July 2015 to May 2017. Patients received either SMA rTMS or bilateral DLPFC rTMS based on their symptoms and OCD symptoms and depression/anxiety states were measured at baseline (before the 1st session) and after the 20th session of rTMS. Additionally, we performed a binary logistic regression analysis on the demographic variables and clinical variables based on the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) items and factors to investigate demographic and clinical predictors for rTMS response in the rTMS responders and non-responders.
Results: Patients’ scores in Y-BOCS and Beck anxiety/depression inventories were significantly decreased following rTMS treatment. 46.2% of all patients responded to rTMS, based on at least a 30% reduction in Y-BOCS scores. The stimulation target (DLPFC vs. SMA) did not significantly differ in rTMS efficacy. No significant demographic predictors were found. “Interference due to obsessions”, “resistance against compulsions” and “disturbance” factor could significantly predict response failure to rTMS.
Conclusions: Patients with less intrusive/interfering thoughts and low scores in the “disturbance” factor might benefit more from rTMS treatment. Identifying clinical and non-clinical predictors of response are needed to personalize and adapt rTMS protocols in pharmaco-resistant OCD patients. Interpretation of rTMS efficacy should be cautious due to the Lack of sham condition.
Physical, Behavioral and Sociodemographic determinants of hypertension among adult population in Nekemte town, western Ethiopia: Community based study.
Authors: Geleta Gemechis Teshome , Cheme Melese Chego , Roro Elias Merdassa 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Objectives

Although hypertension is a growing public health problem in many developing countries there is inadequacy of scientific evidences on community based level of hypertension among the population. The study aimed at exploring prevalence and associated factors of hypertension among adults in Nekemte town, Ethiopia. Community based cross sectional study was conducted on 711 adults selected by multistage sampling procedure and data obtained by interview. Height, Weight, Blood Pressure and waist circumference were measured with standard procedures. Data was analyzed by SPSS 20 version and multiple logistic regression models were used to determine the independent risk factors for hypertension.Result

The overall prevalence of hypertension was 34.9% of which only about half (52.7%) of them knew that they were hypertensive and only 22.4% of them were on medication. Older age; age group >65 year (AOR =5.85, 95% CI; 1.74-20), 41-64 year (AOR = 2.6, 95% CI; 1.49-4.57), Obesity and overweight (AOR =1.71, 95% CI; 1.09-2.67), chat chewers in the past year (AOR =2.44, 95% CI; 1.05-5.68) and lower educational status (AOR =2.75, 95% CI; 1.26-6.03) had higher risk of hypertension.