bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Monitoring of forage and nutrition before and after reintroduction of banteng (Bos javanicus d’ Alton, 1823) to Salakphra Wildlife Sanctuary, Thailand
Authors: Chaiyarat Rattanawat , Sakchan Poomate , Panprayun Gunn , Thongthip Nikorn , Nakbun Seree 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBanteng (Bos javanicus) are susceptible to hunting and habitat destruction. Banteng were successfully reintroduced in Salakphra Wildlife Sanctuary, Thailand. Thus, understanding their adaptation to natural forage species and nutrition is important to enhance the chance for successful reintroduction of the banteng. We studied the adaptation of banteng to natural forages and nutrition before and after the reintroduction in Salakphra Wildlife Sanctuary between November 2015 and November 2017.
Four individuals in 2015 and three individuals in 2016 were reintroduced. We analyzed nutritional values before release and after release into the natural habitat. Twenty-four forage species were identified and the ratio of monocots to dicots was 20:80. The highest energy was found in Dalbergia cultrate (17.5 MJ kg−1) in the wet season and Wrightia arborea (19.9 MJ kg−1) in the dry season (p < 0.001). Nutritional values were significantly different among experiments (p < 0.001). Moreover, the macro nutrients including N and Ca in natural forages were the highest in the dry season. In the wet season, micro-nutrients were the highest in dung collected while bantegn were in captivity. Our research improves our understanding of how banteng adapt their foraging after release into the wild, helps in evaluation of the reintroduction, and informs adaptive management of the banteng to support the long term survival of the population.
Crop rotation and tillage management options for sustainable intensification of rice-fallow agro-ecosystem in eastern India
Authors: Kumar Rakesh , Mishra Janki Sharan , Rao Karnena Koteswara , Mondal Surajit , Hazra Kali Krishna , Choudhary Jaipal Singh , Hans Hansraj , Bhatt Bhagwati Prasad 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPresently, rice-fallows are targeted for cropping intensification in South Asia. Rice-fallows a rainfed mono-cropping system remain fallow after rice due to lack of irrigation facilities and poor socio-economic condition of the farmers. Nevertheless, there is the scope of including ecologically adaptable winter crops in water-limited rice-fallow conditions with effective moisture conservation practices. The study aimed to identify the winter-crops that are adaptable and productive in rice-fallow conditions and to evaluate the different tillage-based crop establishment practices for soil moisture conservation, grain yield, economics, and sustainability parameters. Six different crop establishment and residue management (CERM) practices viz.,zero-tillage direct seeded rice (ZTDSR), zero-tillage transplanted rice (ZTTPR), puddled transplanted rice (PTR), ZTDSR with rice residue retention (ZTDSRR+), ZTTPR with rice residue retention (ZTTPRR+), PTR with rice residue retention (PTRR+) as main-plot treatment and five winter crops (chickpea, lentil, safflower, linseed, and mustard) as sub-plot treatment were evaluated in a split-plot design. The productivity of grain legumes (chickpea and lentil) was higher over oilseed crops in rice-fallow conditions with an order of chickpea > lentil > safflower > mustard > linseed. Among the CERM practices, ZTDSRR+and ZTDSR treatments increased the grain yield of all the winter crops over PTR treatment, which was primarily attributed to higher soil moisture retention for an extended period. Grain yield increment with conservation tillage practices was highly prominent in safflower (190%) followed by lentil (93%) and chickpea (70%). Rice grain yield was higher (7–35%) under PTR treatment followed by ZTDSR treatment. Conservation tillage practices (ZTDSR, ZTTPR) reduced energy use (11–20%) and increased the energy ratio over conventional tillage practice (PTR), higher in rice-safflower, rice-lentil and rice-chickpea rotations. Higher net return was attained in rice-safflower and rice-chickpea rotations with ZTDSRR+treatment. Predicted emission of greenhouse gases was markedly reduced in ZTDSR treatment (30%) compared to ZTTPR and PTR treatments. Hence, the study suggests that cropping intensification of rice-fallows with the inclusion of winter crops like chickpea, lentil, and safflower following conservation tillage practices (ZTDSRR+in particular) could be the strategic options for achieving the higher system productivity, economic returns, and energy use efficiency with the reduced emission of greenhouse gases.
Landscape predictors of human–leopard conflicts within multi-use areas of the Himalayan region
Authors: Naha Dipanjan , Dash Suraj Kumar , Chettri Abhisek , Chaudhary Pooja , Sonker Gaurav , Heurich Marco , Rawat Gopal Singh , Sathyakumar Sambandam 
Published: July 2020

AbstractConflict with humans is a significant source of mortality for large carnivores globally. With rapid loss of forest cover and anthropogenic impacts on their habitats, large carnivores are forced to occupy multi-use landscapes outside protected areas. We investigated 857 attacks on livestock in eastern Himalaya and 375 attacks in western Himalaya by leopards between 2015 and 2018. Multivariate analyses were conducted to identify the landscape features which increased the probability of livestock depredation by leopards. The risk of a leopard killing livestock increased within a heterogeneous landscape matrix comprising of both closed and open habitats (very dense forests, moderate dense forests, open forests, scrubland and non-forests). We used the results to map potential human–leopard conflict hotspots across parts of the Indian Himalayan region. Our spatial risk maps indicate pockets in the eastern, central and western part of eastern Himalaya and the central, northern part of western Himalaya as hotspots of human–leopard conflicts. Most of the attacks occurred when livestock were grazing freely within multi-use areas without supervision of a herder. Our results suggest that awareness about high risk areas, supervised grazing, and removing vegetation cover around human settlements should be initiated to reduce predation by leopards.
Large scale validation of a new non-invasive and non-contact bilirubinometer in neonates with risk factors
Authors: Halder Animesh , Adhikari Aniruddha , Ghosh Ria , Singh Soumendra , Banerjee Amrita , Ghosh Nilanjana , Bhattacharya Arnab Madhab , Mandal Shrabani , Chakrabarti Prantar , Bhattacharyya Debasis , Altass Hatem M. , Morad Moataz , Ahmed Saleh A. , Mallick Asim Kumar , Pal Samir Kumar 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe study was aimed to evaluate the performance of a newly developed non-invasive and non-contact bilirubin measurement device (AJO-Neo) as an alternative to the conventional invasive biochemical method of total serum bilirubin (TSB) estimation in preterm and term neonates suffering from hyperbilirubinemia associated with risk factors, and/or undergoing phototherapy. The safety and efficacy of the device were assessed in 1968 neonates with gestational ages ranging from 28 to 41 weeks and suffering from incidences of hyperbilirubinemia. Linear regression analysis showed a good correlation between AJO-Neo and the conventional method of TSB (Pearson’s coefficient,r = 0.79). The small bias (0.27 mg/dL) and limits of agreements (− 3.44 to 3.99 mg/dL) were within the range of clinical acceptance. The device was also precise in the measurement of bilirubin levels in all subgroups of the study. The receiver operator curve (ROC), that takes account of both sensitivity and specificity of a device showed high efficacy of the device (area under the curve, AUC = 0.83) in the detection of bilirubin. While monitoring the bilirubin level during phototherapy, the device indicated promising results showing good agreement with TSB. Specificities and sensitivities of the device indicated a much higher accuracy in neonates with associated risk factors for hyperbilirubinemia. Hence, the newly developed device (AJO-Neo) is reliable in measuring bilirubin level in preterm, and term neonates irrespective of gestational or postnatal age, sex, risk factors, feeding behavior or skin color.
A portable optical-fibre-based surface plasmon resonance biosensor for the detection of therapeutic antibodies in human serum
Authors: Zeni Luigi , Perri Chiara , Cennamo Nunzio , Arcadio Francesco , D’Agostino Girolamo , Salmona Mario , Beeg Marten , Gobbi Marco 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDifferent lines of evidence indicate that monitoring the blood levels of therapeutic antibodies, characterized by high inter-individual variability, can help to optimize clinical decision making, improving patient outcomes and reducing costs with these expensive treatments. A surface plasmon resonance (SPR)-based immunoassay has recently been shown to allow highly reliable and robust monitoring of serum concentrations of infliximab, with significant advantages over classical ELISA. The next level of advancement would be the availability of compact and transportable SPR devices suitable for easy, fast and cheap point-of-care analysis. Here we report the data obtained with recently developed, cost-effective, optical-fibre-based SPR sensors (SPR-POF), which allow the construction of a compact miniaturized system for remote sensing. We carried out an extensive characterization of infliximab binding to an anti-infliximab antibody immobilized on the SPR-POF sensor surface. The present proof-of-principle studies demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed SPR-POF platform for the specific detection of infliximab, in both buffer and human serum, and pave the way for further technological improvements.
Sensitive and rapid lateral-flow assay for early detection of subclinical mammary infection in dairy cows
Authors: Alhussien Mohanned Naif , Dang Ajay Kumar 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDetection of subclinical mastitis (SCM) in its initial stage can save great economic losses, improve milk quality and animal welfare. We have developed a semiquantitative lateral flow assay for the detection of SCM in dairy cows targeting myeloperoxidase (MPO) enzyme of milk neutrophils. A competitive immunoassay format was used, and colloidal gold nanoparticles (GNP) were prepared and used as a labelling agent. Monoclonal anti-MPO antibodies were used and assessed for its quality by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and dot blot. Conjugation method for GNP and anti-MPO antibodies was standardised, and the conjugate was placed over the conjugate pad. MPO coupled with a carrier protein (OVA) and the species-specific secondary antibodies were placed on test and control lines, respectively. The developed assay was verified with 75 milk samples collected from healthy, SCM and clinical mastitis cows. It displayed a high sensitivity as it could detect MPO as low as 1.5 ng/ml, an accuracy greater than 97% and showed no crossreactivity when crosschecked with other milk proteins. The developed assay can be used as an alternative for SCM diagnostic tests where lab structure are available for obtaining the lysate of milk SCC.
Neutrophil elastase triggers the development of autoimmune diabetes by exacerbating innate immune responses in pancreatic islets of non-obese diabetic mice
Authors: Shu Lingling , Zhong Ling , Xiao Yang , Wu Xiaoping , Liu Yang , Jiang Xue , Tang Tao , Hoo RubyLaiChong , Zhou Zhiguang , Xu Aimin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractType 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease resulted from self-destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic β cells. However, the pathological pathways that trigger the autoimmune destruction remain poorly understood. Clinical studies have demonstrated close associations of neutrophils and neutrophil elastase (NE) with β-cell autoimmunity in patients with Type 1 diabetes. The present study aims to investigate the impact of NE inhibition on development of autoimmune diabetes in NOD mice. NE pharmacological inhibitor (sivelestat) or biological inhibitor (elafin) was supplemented into NOD mice to evaluate their effects on islet inflammation and diabetogenesis. The impact of NE inhibition on innate and adaptive immune cells was measured with flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry. A significant but transient increase in neutrophil infiltration accompanied with elevated NE activity was observed in the neonatal period of NOD mice. Treatment of NOD mice with sivelestat or elafin at the early age led to a marked reduction in spontaneous development of insulitis and autoimmune diabetes. Mechanistically, inhibition of NE significantly attenuated infiltration of macrophages and islet inflammation, thus ameliorating cytotoxic T cell-mediated autoimmune attack of pancreatic β cells. In vitro studies showed that NE directly induced inflammatory responses in both min6 β cells and RAW264.7 macrophages, and promoted macrophage migration. These findings support an important role of NE in triggering the onset and progression of β-cell autoimmunity, and suggest that pharmacological inhibition of NE may represent a promising therapeutic strategy for treatment of autoimmune diabetes.
Aerosol Field Influence on the Retrieval of the Ozone Vertical Column Densities from Pandora 2S Measurements
Authors: Dandocsi Alexandru , Nemuc Anca , Nicolae Doina , Belegante Livio , Cede Alexander , Tiefengraber Martin 
Published: July 2020

Total ozone and other trace gases are measured and reported regularly due to the increased interest started with the ozone hole discovery but the new satellites dedicated to worldwide observations of these species need both short-and long-term well calibrated ground based observation for validation procedures.
The ESA/NASA Pandora network established a sophisticated, automatic calibration procedure that utilizes a variety of narrow-line and broadband emission lamps with temperature control for their UV-Vis-NIR spectroradiometers. In this study, we describe additional calibration efforts for ozone retrievals.
In this paper we explore the local aerosol field influence on the retrieval of the ozone spectra from PANDORA 2S measurements using collocated lidar and sunphotometer measurements and proposed a methodology to be implemented in the calibration procedure of the instruments.
Saharan Dust Events Over the Northern Mediterranean: 4 Years of Measurements Over 4 Earlinet Stations
Authors: Soupiona Ourania , Papayannis Alex , Mylonaki Maria , Papagiannopoulos Nikolaos , Ortiz-Amezcua Pablo , Mamouri Rodanthi E. , Groß Silke , Papanikolaou Christina A. , Kokkalis Panagiotis 
Published: July 2020

Four years (2014-2017) of observations of depolarization Raman Lidar systems of four EARLINET (European Aerosol research Lidar Network) stations [from West to East: Granada (Spain), Potenza (Italy), Athens (Greece) and Limassol (Cyprus)] were collected and used to a statistical analysis of Saharan dust events over Mediterranean basin.
In this study, emphasis is given to the consistency of the particle linear depolarization ratio (δp532), the extinction-to-backscatter ratio mentioned as Lidar Ratio (LR532) and the Aerosol Optical Thickness (AOT532) within the observed Saharan dust layers, corresponding to the visible range (532 nm). Geometrical properties and clusters of aerosol mixtures are also presented. Our clustering was based on previous classification by airborne High Spectral Resolution Lidar (HSRL) observations and was further supported by backward trajectory analysis. We found mean δp532 values of 0.24±0.05, 0.26±0.06, 0.28±0.05 and 0.28±0.04, mean LR532 values of 52±8 sr, 51±9 sr, 52±9 sr and 49±6 sr, mean AOT532 values of 0.40±0.31, 0.11±0.07, 0.12±0.10 and 0.32±0.17 and mean layer thicknesses of 3392±1458 m, 2150±1082 m, 1872±816 m and 1716±567 m for Granada, Potenza, Athens and Limassol respectively.
This work could assist in bridging the existing gaps related to the extensive and intensive dust aerosol properties over the Mediterranean and enriching the bibliography about mixed aerosol layers from different sources (e.g. dust and biomass burning (BB) aerosols, dust and urban/ industrial aerosols).
Development and Test of a Fringe-Imaging Direct-Detection Doppler Wind Lidar for Aeronautics
Authors: Vrancken Patrick , Herbst Jonas 
Published: July 2020

DLR currently investigates the use of Doppler wind lidar as sensor within feedforward gust alleviation control loops on fast-flying fixed-wing aircraft. Such a scheme imposes strong requirements on the lidar system such as sub-m/s precision, high rate, high spatial resolution, close measurement ranges and sensitivity to mixed and pure molecular backscatter.
We report on the development of a novel direct-detection Doppler wind lidar (DD-DWL) within these requirements. This DD-DWL is based on fringe-imaging of the Doppler-shifted backscatter of UV laser pulses in a field-widened Michelson interferometer using a fast linear photodetector.
A prototype for airborne operation has been ground-tested in early 2018 against a commercial coherent DWL, demonstrating its ability of measuring close-range wind speeds with a precision of 0.5 m/s, independent of the actual wind speed.
Availability of Transcatheter Vessel Occlusion Performed by Interventional Radiologists to Treat Bleeding in Germany in the Years 2016 and 2017 – An Analysis of the DeGIR Registry Data
Authors: Nadjiri Jonathan , Schachtner Balthasar , Bücker Arno , Heuser Lothar , Morhard Dominik , Landwehr Peter , Mahnken Andreas , Hoffmann Ralf-Thorsten , Berlis Ansgar , Katoh Marcus , Reimer Peter , Ingrisch Michael , Paprottka Philipp M. 
Published: July 2020

Purpose Acute bleeding is a life-threatening condition that can be effectively treated minimally invasively by interventional radiologists using transcatheter vessel occlusion (TCVO). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the availability of TCVO performed by interventional radiologists in Germany based on the DeGIR registry.
Materials and Methods TCVO interventions from the years 2016 and 2017 were included (DeGIR module B). The number of interventions was assessed by state and region.
Results TCVO interventions were reported by 242 clinics in Germany. 16 763 module B interventions were reported in 2016 and 16 399 in 2017. DeGIR requirements for certification as a training center were fulfilled by 160 facilities in 2016 and by 162 facilities in 2017. Normalized to one million citizens, an average of 211 TCVO interventions were performed in 2016 and 200 in 2017 (standard deviation was 101 and 109); the median was 202 and 222, respectively. In all regions TCVO interventions were reported. Only a minimal number of small regions showed a lower number of clinics offering TCVO interventions.
Conclusion The results from the DeGIR registry indicate comprehensive nationwide availability of TCVO performed by interventional radiologists with the necessary experience in Germany on the state level for the treatment of acute bleeding. Furthermore, the distribution of facilities fulfilling the requirements of training centers allows for good educational possibilities for young interventional radiologists in Germany. Only the distribution of clinics offering TCVO in a few small regions might lead to increased transfer times in the case of acute bleeding.
Key Points:

Citation Format
Entwicklung und Evaluation einer Akzeptanz- und Commitment-Therapie
(ACT)-basierten Gruppenintervention für psychisch belastete onkologische
Patienten
Authors: Sauer Christina , Maatouk Imad 
Published: July 2020

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Eine Krebserkrankung geht mit zahlreichen psychosozialen
Stressoren einher, die bei über 50% der Patienten zu einer hohen
psychischen Belastung führen. Etwa ein Drittel der Patienten nehmen
psychoonkologische Unterstützung in Anspruch. Die Akzeptanz- und
Commitment-Therapie (ACT), ein transdiagnostischer Ansatz der dritten Welle der
Verhaltenstherapie, stellt eine vielversprechende Therapieform für die
psychoonkologische Behandlung von Krebspatienten dar. Bislang fehlte jedoch im
deutschsprachigen Raum eine manualisierte ACT-basierte
Gruppentherapieintervention für onkologische Patienten, die hinsichtlich
Machbarkeit und Wirksamkeit untersucht wurde.
Methodik Um diese Lücke zu schließen, entwickelten wir
ein auf die ACT basierendes-Gruppentherapiekonzept und untersuchten es im Rahmen
einer einarmigen monozentrischen Pilotstudie. Es richtet sich an onkologische
Patienten in allen Krankheitsstadien, die psychisch belastet sind. Im Rahmen von
8 Sitzungen werden die ACT-Kernprozesse Achtsamkeit, Werte und Akzeptanz
mithilfe von Metaphern und erlebnisorientierten Übungen erarbeitet.
Ergebnisse Die Prä-Post-Daten unserer Pilotstudie mit
n=25 Patienten weisen auf eine Reduktion der Progredienzangst, der
Depressivität und der Psychischen Inflexibilität sowie eine
Steigerung der psychischen Lebensqualität und des Wohlbefindens hin.
Regressionsanalysen zeigten, dass Veränderungen der Psychologischen
Flexibilität Veränderungen in allen psychologischen
Outcomemaßen vorhersagten. Zudem unterstreicht die sehr hohe
Adhärenz die gute Machbarkeit der Intervention im integrierten
klinisch-ambulanten Setting.
Diskussion Unsere Pilotstudie liefert vielversprechende erste Hinweise
für die gute Machbarkeit und Wirksamkeit einer ACT-basierten
Gruppenintervention im deutschsprachigen Raum. Die Ergebnisse zur Wirksamkeit se
ersten Ergebnisse sind aufgrund des Fehlens einer Kontrollgruppe
zurückhaltend zu interpretieren.
Schlussfolgerung Zukünftige Untersuchungen sollten die
Effektivität des Gruppenkonzepts in randomisiert kontrollierten Studien
(RCTs) mit einem längeren Katamnesezeitraum untersuchten.
Schlüsselbergriffe: Psychoonkologie, Akzeptanz- und Commitment-Therapie,
ACT, Gruppentherapie, Progredienzangst
Surgical Results in Pathological N1 Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Yoshida Yukihiro , Yotsukura Masaya , Nakagawa Kazuo , Watanabe Hirokazu , Motoi Noriko , Watanabe Shun-ichi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background This retrospective study investigated the prognosis of patients with pathological N1 (pN1) nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Methods We included patients with pN1 NSCLC who underwent lobectomy or pneumonectomy with mediastinal lymph node dissection and achieved complete resection (R0) between January 2000 and December 2012. Patients who received neoadjuvant therapy were excluded.
Results A total of 249 patients were included. The mean age was 63.2 years, and 172 patients were males. Of the 249 patients, 200, 20, and 29 underwent lobectomy, bilobectomy, and pneumonectomy, respectively. The median observation period was 5.5 years. The 5-year overall survival (OS) rate was 64.6% (95% confidence interval: 58.3–70.4). Five-year OS rates were 79.8% for positive lymph nodes at station 13 or 14 (n = 57), 59.6% at station 12 (n = 72), 62.7% at station 11 (n = 69), and 56.9% at station 10 (n = 51) (log-rank test; p = 0.016); furthermore, the 5-year OS rate was 75.2% for patients with positive lymph nodes at a single station (n = 160) and 45.4% for patients with positive lymph nodes at multiple stations (n = 89) (log-rank test; p < 0.001). Five-year cumulative incidences of recurrence were equivalent between patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy and patients who did not (45.9 vs. 55.1%; Gray's test; p = 0.366). Distant recurrence was the most frequent mode of recurrence in both groups (70.8 and 67.3%).
Conclusion The locations and the number of stations of the positive lymph nodes were identified as prognostic factors in patients with pN1 NSCLC. The primary mode of recurrence was distant recurrence irrespective of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy.