bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Artificial Somatic Reflex Arc
Authors: He Ke , Liu Yaqing , Wang Ming , Chen Geng , Jiang Ying , Yu Jiancan , Wan Changjin , Qi Dianpeng , Xiao Meng , Leow Wan Ru , Yang Hui , Antonietti Markus , Chen Xiaodong 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe emulation of human sensation, perception, and action processes has become a major challenge for bioinspired intelligent robotics, interactive human–machine interfacing, and advanced prosthetics. Reflex actions, enabled through reflex arcs, are important for human and higher animals to respond to stimuli from environment without the brain processing and survive the risks of nature. An artificial reflex arc system that emulates the functions of the reflex arc simplifies the complex circuit design needed for “central‐control‐only” processes and becomes a basic electronic component in an intelligent soft robotics system. An artificial somatic reflex arc that enables the actuation of electrochemical actuators in response to the stimulation of tactile pressures is reported. Only if the detected pressure by the pressure sensor is above the stimulus threshold, the metal–organic‐framework‐based threshold controlling unit (TCU) can be activated and triggers the electrochemical actuators to complete the motion. Such responding mechanism mimics the all‐or‐none law in the human nervous system. As a proof of concept, the artificial somatic reflex arc is successfully integrated into a robot to mimic the infant grasp reflex. This work provides a unique and simplifying strategy for developing intelligent soft robotics, next‐generation human–machine interfaces, and neuroprosthetics.
Fabrication and Mechanical Properties of Engineered Protein‐Based Adhesives and Fibers
Authors: Sun Jing , Su Juanjuan , Ma Chao , Göstl Robert , Herrmann Andreas , Liu Kai , Zhang Hongjie 
Published: December 2019

AbstractProtein‐based structural biomaterials are of great interest for various applications because the sequence flexibility within the proteins may result in their improved mechanical and structural integrity and tunability. As the two representative examples, protein‐based adhesives and fibers have attracted tremendous attention. The typical protein adhesives, which are secreted by mussels, sandcastle worms, barnacles, and caddisfly larvae, exhibit robust underwater adhesion performance. In order to mimic the adhesion performance of these marine organisms, two main biological adhesives are presented, including genetically engineered protein‐based adhesives and biomimetic chemically synthetized adhesives. Moreover, various protein‐based fibers inspired by spider and silkworm proteins, collagen, elastin, and resilin are studied extensively. The achievements in synthesis and fabrication of structural biomaterials by DNA recombinant technology and chemical regeneration certainly will accelerate the explorations and applications of protein‐based adhesives and fibers in wound healing, tissue regeneration, drug delivery, biosensors, and other high‐tech applications. However, the mechanical properties of the biological structural materials still do not match those of natural systems. More efforts need to be devoted to the study of the interplay of the protein structure, cohesion and adhesion effects, fiber processing, and mechanical performance.
Unveiling Bandgap Evolution and Carrier Redistribution in Multilayer WSe2: Enhanced Photon Emission via Heat Engineering
Authors: Li Yuanzheng , Liu Weizhen , Xu Haiyang , Chen Heyu , Ren Hang , Shi Jia , Du Wenna , Zhang Wei , Feng Qiushi , Yan Jiaxu , Zhang Cen , Liu Yichun , Liu Xinfeng 
Published: December 2019

AbstractManipulating the bandgap structure and carrier distribution of multilayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) is crucial for improving their fluorescence efficiency and extending their optoelectronic applications. Herein, the evolution of the conduction band minimum of multilayer WSe2 as a function of the temperature and thickness is experimentally demonstrated and an ≈70‐fold fluorescence enhancement of the K–K direct emission is observed at 560 K in multilayer WSe2 flakes (≈170 nm) by heat engineering. This abnormal enhancement is attributed to thermally driven carrier redistribution achieved via intervalley transfer, which is confirmed by the theoretical calculations and temperature‐dependent time‐resolved photoluminescence. In addition, a threshold temperature of the intervalley transfer is proposed to describe the on‐state of the carrier redistribution model. The corresponding threshold temperature is determined to be ≈580 K, which is consistent with the temperature at which the maximum photoluminescence enhancement is observed. The study provides a useful strategy to optimize the optical and electric performances of multilayer WSe2 and other TMDs materials.
Bio‐Orthogonal, Site‐Selective Conjugation of Recombinant Proteins to Microporous Annealed Particle Hydrogels for Tissue Engineering
Authors: Jivan Faraz , Alge Daniel L. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractProtein conjugation to biomaterial scaffolds is a powerful approach for tissue engineering. However, typical chemical conjugation methods lack site‐selectivity and can negatively impact protein bioactivity. To overcome this problem, a site‐selective strategy is reported here for installing tetrazine groups on terminal poly‐histidines (His‐tags) of recombinant proteins. These tetrazine groups are then leveraged for bio‐orthogonal conjugation to poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogel microparticles, which are subsequently assembled into microporous annealed particle (MAP) hydrogels. The efficacy of the strategy is demonstrated using recombinant, green fluorescent protein with a His‐tag (His‐GFP), which enhances fluorescence of the MAP hydrogels compared to control protein lacking tetrazine groups. Subsequently, to demonstrate efficacy with a therapeutic protein, recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein‐2 (His‐BMP2) is conjugated. Human mesenchymal stem cells growing in the MAP hydrogels respond to the conjugated BMP2 and significantly increase mineralization after 21 days compared to controls. Thus, this site‐selective protein modification strategy, coupled with bio‐orthogonal click chemistry, is expected to be useful for bone defect repair and regeneration therapies. Broader application to the integration of protein therapeutics with biomaterials is also envisioned.
Recent Advances in Chemical Functionalization of 2D Black Phosphorous Nanosheets
Authors: Thurakkal Shameel , Zhang Xiaoyan 
Published: December 2019

AbstractOwing to their tunable direct bandgap, high charge carrier mobility, and unique in‐plane anisotropic structure, black phosphorus nanosheets (BPNSs) have emerged as one of the most important candidates among the 2D materials beyond graphene. However, the poor ambient stability of black phosphorus limits its practical application, due to the chemical degradation of phosphorus atoms to phosphorus oxides in the presence of oxygen and/or water. Chemical functionalization is demonstrated as an efficient approach to enhance the ambient stability of BPNSs. Herein, various covalent strategies including radical addition, nitrene addition, nucleophilic substitution, and metal coordination are summarized. In addition, efficient noncovalent functionalization methods such as van der Waals interactions, electrostatic interactions, and cation–π interactions are described in detail. Furthermore, the preparations, characterization, and diverse applications of functionalized BPNSs in various fields are recapped. The challenges faced and future directions for the chemical functionalization of BPNSs are also highlighted.
Formation of Short Zn−Zn Bonds Stabilized by Simple Cyanide and Isocyanide Ligands
Authors: Andrews Lester , Cho Han‐Gook 
Published: December 2019

AbstractCyanogen diluted in argon was reacted with laser ablated Zn atoms to produce the NCZnCN and NCZnZnCN cyanides and higher energy isocyanides ZnNC, CNZnNC, and CNZnZnNC, which were isolated in excess argon at 4 K. These reaction products, identified from the matrix infrared spectra of their ‐CN and ‐NC chromophore ligand stretching modes, were confirmed by 13C and 15N isotopic substitution and comparison with frequencies calculated by the B3LYP and CCSD(T) methods using the all electron aug‐cc‐pVTZ basis sets. The cyanide and isocyanide products were increased markedly by mercury arc UV photolysis, which covers the zinc atomic absorption. The above electronic structure calculations that produce appropriate ligand frequencies for these dizinc products also provide their Zn−Zn bond lengths: CCSD(T) calculations find a short 2.367 Å Zn−Zn bond in the NCZnZnCN cyanide, a shorter 2.347 Å Zn−Zn bond in the 37.4 kJ mol−1 higher energy isocyanide CNZnZnNC, and a longer 4.024 Å bond in the dizinc van der Waals dimer. Thus, the diatomic cyanide (‐CN) and isocyanide (‐NC) ligands are as capable of stabilizing the Zn−Zn bond as many much larger ligands based on their measured and our calculated Zn−Zn bond lengths. This is the first example of dizinc complexes stabilized by different ligand isomers. Additional weaker bands in this region can be assigned to the analogous trizinc molecules NCZnZnZnCN and CNZnZnZnNC.
Retracted: Physcion 8‐O‐β‐glucopyranoside inhibits testicular germ cell tumors through regulating microRNA‐199a
Authors: Dou Xiangyang , Wang Meihua , Zhang Tao , Yao Jiapei 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT“Physcion 8‐O‐β‐glucopyranoside inhibits testicular germ cell tumors through regulating microRNA‐199a”, by Xiangyang Dou, Meihua Wang, Tao Zhang, Jiapei YAO. The above article, published in The Anatomical Record on Early View on Wiley Online Library on 04/Dec/2019 (DOI: 10.1002/ar.24324) is retracted by agreement among the authors and the Editor‐in‐Chief, Dr. Kurt H. Albertine, with notification to the American Association for Anatomy and Wiley Periodicals LLC. The decision is the result of an investigation that revealed issues of scientific integrity in the data that compromise the findings of the paper.
Retracted: Quercetin alleviates lipopolysaccharide‐induced inflammatory responses by up‐regulation miR‐124 in human renal tubular epithelial cell line HK‐2
Authors: Guo Shuxia , Sun Juanjuan , Zhuang Yan 
Published: December 2019

AbstractChronic kidney disease (CKD) is a persistent kidney structural and functional disorder. Quercetin is one of active extracted flavonoids and has protective effects. Therefore, we proposed to survey the effect of Quercetin on CKD. HK‐2 cells were preprocessed by Quercetin and then irritated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). CCK‐8 assay and flow cytometry were utilized to test viability and apoptosis. ELISA assay was utilized to estimate the IL‐6 and TNF‐α secretion. Western blot was performed to examine the expression of apoptosis and inflammation‐associated mediators. After that HK‐2 cells were transfected by miR‐124 inhibitor. And the above‐mentioned parameters were reassessed. LPS stimulated apoptosis and declined viability in HK‐2 cells. Additionally, LPS stimulated inflammatory responses. Meanwhile, Quercetin attenuated LPS‐stimulated apoptosis, production of IL‐6, and TNF‐α in experimental cells. Subsequently, MyD88 and miR‐124 expression was elevated by LPS and alleviated by Quercetin. Finally, Quercetin exerted its protective function through NF‐κB pathway via up‐regulating miR‐124. Our data demonstrated that Quercetin reduced apoptosis and inflammation stimulated by LPS in HK‐2 cells. Moreover, Quercetin alleviated LPS‐stimulated injury by up‐regulating miR‐124.
Transanal total mesorectal excision for rectal cancer has been suspended in Norway
Authors: Wasmuth H H , Færden A E , Myklebust T Å , Pfeffer F , Norderval S , Riis R , Olsen O C , Lambrecht J R , Kørner H , Larsen S G ,   Norwegian TaTME Collaborative Group, Forsmo H M , Bækkelund O , Lavik S , Knapp J C , Sjo O , Rashid G 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Background
Transanal total mesorectal excision (TaTME) for rectal cancer has emerged as an alternative to the traditional abdominal approach. However, concerns have been raised about local recurrence. The aim of this study was to evaluate local recurrence after TaTME. Secondary aims included postoperative mortality, anastomotic leak and stoma rates.

Methods
Data on all patients who underwent TaTME were recorded and compared with those from national cohorts in the Norwegian Colorectal Cancer Registry (NCCR) and the Norwegian Registry for Gastrointestinal Surgery (NoRGast). Kaplan–Meier estimates were used to compare local recurrence.

Results
In Norway, 157 patients underwent TaTME for rectal cancer between October 2014 and October 2018. Three of seven hospitals abandoned TaTME after a total of five procedures. The local recurrence rate was 12 of 157 (7·6 per cent); eight local recurrences were multifocal or extensive. The estimated local recurrence rate at 2·4 years was 11·6 (95 per cent c.i. 6·6 to 19·9) per cent after TaTME compared with 2·4 (1·4 to 4·3) per cent in the NCCR (P &lt; 0·001). The adjusted hazard ratio was 6·71 (95 per cent c.i. 2·94 to 15·32). Anastomotic leaks resulting in reoperation occurred in 8·4 per cent of patients in the TaTME cohort compared with 4·5 per cent in NoRGast (P = 0·047). Fifty-six patients (35·7 per cent) had a stoma at latest follow-up; 39 (24·8 per cent) were permanent.

Conclusion
Anastomotic leak rates after TaTME were higher than national rates; local recurrence rates and growth patterns were unfavourable.
Intermittent fasting increases adult hippocampal neurogenesis
Authors: Baik Sang‐Ha , Rajeev Vismitha , Fann David Yang‐Wei , Jo Dong‐Gyu , Arumugam Thiruma V. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIntroductionIntermittent fasting (IF) has been suggested to have neuroprotective effects through the activation of multiple signaling pathways. Rodents fasted intermittently exhibit enhanced hippocampal neurogenesis and long‐term potentiation (LTP) at hippocampal synapses compared with sedentary animals fed an ad libitum (AL) diet. However, the underlying mechanisms have not been studied. In this study, we evaluated the mechanistic gap in understanding IF‐induced neurogenesis.MethodsWe evaluated the impact of 3 months of IF (12, 16, and 24 hr of food deprivation on a daily basis) on hippocampal neurogenesis in C57BL/6NTac mice using immunoblot analysis.ResultsThree‐month IF significantly increased activation of the Notch signaling pathway (Notch 1, NICD1, and HES5), neurotrophic factor BDNF, and downstream cellular transcription factor, cAMP response element‐binding protein (p‐CREB). The expression of postsynaptic marker, PSD95, and neuronal stem cell marker, Nestin, was also increased in the hippocampus in response to 3‐month IF.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that IF may increase hippocampal neurogenesis involving the Notch 1 pathway.
RAS and TP53 can predict survival in adults with T‐cell lymphoblastic leukemia treated with hyper‐CVAD
Authors: Sakhdari Ali , Thakral Beenu , Loghavi Sanam , Kanagal‐Shamanna Rashmi , Yin C. Cameron , Zuo Zhuang , Routbort Mark J. , Luthra Rajyalakshmi , Medeiros L. Jeffrey , Wang Sa A. , Patel Keyur P. , Ok Chi Young 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAdult T‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T‐ALL) is a heterogeneous group of acute leukemias that account for about one third of all cases of Philadelphia chromosome (Ph)‐negative ALL. Recently, a molecular classifier using the mutational status of NOTCH1, FBXW7, RAS, and PTEN (NFRP) has been shown to distinguish low‐ vs high‐risk groups in adult T‐ALL patients treated using the Berlin‐Frankfurt‐Münster ALL protocol. However, it is unknown if this molecular classifier can stratify adult T‐ALL patients treated with hyper‐CVAD ± nelarabine. We identified a relatively small cohort of 27 adults with T‐ALL who were uniformly treated with hyper‐CVAD ± nelarabine with available mutational analysis at time of diagnosis. The most commonly mutated genes in this group were NOTCH1 (52%), NRAS (22%), DNMT3A (19%), KRAS (15%), and TP53 (7%). The NFRP molecular classifier failed to stratify overall survival (OS; P = .84) and relapse‐free survival (RFS; P = .18) in this cohort. We developed a new stratification model combining K/NRAS and TP53 mutations as high‐risk factors and showed that mutations in these genes predicted poorer OS (P = .03) and RFS (P = .04). While the current study is limited by cohort size, these data suggest that the NFRP molecular classifier might not be applicable to adult T‐ALL patients treated with hyper‐CVAD ± nelarabine. RAS/TP53 mutation status, however, was useful in risk stratification in adults with T‐ALL.
Recanalization of an atretic intramural left main coronary artery after bypass surgery in a pediatric patient with anomalous aortic origin of the left main coronary artery arising from the right sinus of Valsalva
Authors: Orr William B. , Johnson Mark C. , Abarbanell Aaron M. , Sintek Marc 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWe report a pediatric patient with nonatherosclerotic chronic total occlusion (CTO) of the left main coronary artery (LMCA) leading to complete LMCA atresia which was successfully recanalized via retrograde techniques through a previous internal mammary bypass graft. After the CTO was treated, the artery was found to be anomalous off the right cusp with an intramural coarse and slit‐like orifice. The patient's ischemic symptoms resolved after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI), and she has continued to do well.
Stabilization treatment of rice bran alters phenolic content and antioxidant activity
Authors: Saji Nancy , Schwarz Lachlan J. , Santhakumar Abishek B. , Blanchard Christopher L. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackground and objectivesRice bran (RB), a by‐product of the rice milling process, is known to be a rich source of bioactive phytochemicals. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of RB stabilization treatments, usually applied to inhibit rancidification, on its phenolic composition and antioxidant activity.FindingsTotal phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant assays were performed on RB that was exposed to extrusion, drum‐drying, microwave, and oven stabilization treatments. Chemical profiling was conducted using ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography (uHPLC) coupled to an online ABTS system, and liquid chromatography quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (LC‐QTOF‐MS).Extrusion and drum‐dried stabilization significantly increased TPC when compared to non‐stabilized RB (NS‐RB). All stabilization treatments increased antioxidant capacity and radical scavenging activity. uHPLC/online ABTS and LC‐QTOF‐MS identified all treatments to increase the concentration of free phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity compared to NS‐RB. More specifically, drum‐dried RB significantly altered RB phenolic composition when compared to all other treatments.ConclusionsAll stabilization treatments significantly altered TPC and antioxidant activity of RB. Drum‐dried RB treatment was most effective in improving free phenolic composition and antioxidant activity.Significance and noveltyThis study demonstrated that drum‐dried stabilization treatment may be a crucial technique that can be applied to RB to ensure essential phenolic compounds with antioxidant activity remain intact, thereby adding value to the functional and nutritional quality of RB.
Sustained resolution of anticoagulation related iron deficiency anemia with the use of apixaban
Authors: Choo Alex , Bragagnolo Alessia , Ekanayake Siyaguna K. D. M. , Alghamry Alaa 
Published: December 2019

AbstractSuccessful resolution of iron deficiency anemia in the context of anticoagulation with rivaroxaban was seen when apixaban is used alternatively. Prospective cohort studies utilizing similar or different approaches are required.
A 116‐Nuclear Metallosupramolecular Cage‐of‐Cage Showing Multistep Single‐Crystal‐to‐Single‐Crystal Transformation
Authors: Imanishi Kento , Wahyudianto Benny , Kojima Tatsuhiro , Yoshinari Nobuto , Konno Takumi 
Published: December 2019

AbstractHere a unique single‐crystal‐to‐single‐crystal (SCSC) transformation of a 116‐nuclear AuI72CdII40NaI4 cage‐of‐cage (2CdNa) is reported, which was created from a trigold(I) metalloligand with d‐penicillamine by way of a 9‐nuclear AuI6CdII3 cage (1). Cage‐of‐cage 2CdNa is composed of 12 cages of 1 that are linked by 4 Cd2+ and 4 Na+ ions, with its surface being covered by 12 NO3− ions to form a discrete, spherical molecule with a diameter ca. 4.7 nm. In crystal 2CdNa, the cage‐of‐cage molecules are packed in a cubic lattice with a huge cell volume of ca. 4.5×105 Å3, so as to have large interstices with diameters of more than 3 nm. Upon soaking crystals 2CdNa in aqueous Cu(NO3)2, all Cd2+ and Na+ were quickly exchanged by Cu2+ to produce an analogous AuI72CuII44 cage‐of‐cage (2Cu) in a SCSC manner. Prolonged soaking led to the SCSC transformation to another supramolecular structure (2′Cu) consisting of 152‐nuclear AuI72CuII80 cage‐of‐cages that are alternately H‐bonded with the AuI72CuII44 cage‐of‐cages. 2′Cu showed the accommodation of MoO42− and the conversion of MoO42− to β‐Mo8O264− in the crystal, with retention of single‐crystallinity.
Advances in Artificial Layers for Stable Lithium Metal Anodes
Authors: Qi Liya , Wu Zhengwei , Zhao Binglu , Liu Bojun , Wang Wenyun , Pei Hao , Dong Yuqing , Zhang Shijun , Yang Zhengjin , Qu Liangliang , Zhang Weixia 
Published: December 2019

AbstractLithium (Li) metal is considered as the most promising anode material for rechargeable high‐energy batteries. Nevertheless, the practical implement of Li anodes is significantly hindered by the growth of Li dendrites, which can cause severe safety issues. To inhibit the formation of Li dendrites, coating an artificial layer on the Li metal anode has been shown to be a facile and effective approach. This review mainly focuses on recent advances in artificial layers for stable Li metal anodes. It summarizes the progress in this area and discusses the different types of artificial layers according to their mechanisms for Li dendrite inhibition, including regulation of uniform deposition of Li metal and suppression of Li dendrite growth. By doing this, it is hoped that this contribution will provide instructional guidance for the future design of new artificial layers.
Two Push–Pull Channels Enhance the Dinitrogen Activation by Borylene Compounds
Authors: Zhang Huaiyu , Yuan Rui , Wu Wei , Mo Yirong 
Published: December 2019

AbstractRecently, Braunschweig et al. found that borylene (CAAC)DurB, in which CAAC is a cyclic alkyl(amino) carbene and Dur refers to 2,3,5,6‐tetramethylphenyl, can bind and activate N2, and the resulting [(CAAC)DurB]2N2 is of a bent BNNB core. The N2 ligand in transition metal complexes is generally linear, so herein, the bonding nature of both terminal end‐on and end‐on bridging borylene‐N2 complexes is investigated with valence bond (VB) theory. In the terminal end‐on (CAAC)HBN2 the bonding follows the mechanism in transition metals with a σ donation and a π back‐donation, but in the end‐on bridging borylene‐N2 complex, the σ donation comes from the π orbitals of N2, and thus, there are two opposite and perpendicular push–pull channels. It is the push–pull interaction that governs the enhanced activation of N2 and the BNNB bent geometry. It is expected that the substituents bonded to B can modulate the bent angle and the strength of the push–pull interaction. Indeed, (CAAC)FB exhibits enhanced catalytic capacity for the activation of N2.