bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for musculoskeletal pain: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Plaza‐Manzano Gustavo , Gómez‐Chiguano Guido F. , Cleland Joshua A. , Arías‐Buría Jose L. , Fernández‐de‐las‐Peñas César , Navarro‐Santana Marcos J. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveTo evaluate the effects of percutaneous electrical stimulation (PENS) alone or as an adjunct with other interventions on pain and related disability in musculoskeletal pain conditions.Databases and Data TreatmentSearch of MEDLINE, EMBASE, AMED, CINAHL, EBSCO, PubMed, PEDro, Cochrane Library, SCOPUS and Web of Science databases. Randomized controlled trials where at least one group received any form of PENS for musculoskeletal condition. Studies had to include humans and collect outcomes on pain and related disability in musculoskeletal pain. Risk of bias was assessed by the Cochrane Guidelines, the quality of evidence by using the GRADE approach. Standardized mean differences (SMD) were calculated.ResultsSixteen studies were included and included heterogeneous musculoskeletal conditions with short‐ or midterm follow‐ups. PENS alone had a large effect (SMD −1.22, 95% CI −1.66 to −0.79) on pain and a small effect (SMD −0.33, 95% CI −0.61 to −0.06) on related disability at short‐term as compared with sham. A moderate effect of PENS alone (SMD −0.71, 95% CI −1.23 to −0.19) on pain when compared with other interventions was observed. The inclusion of PENS with other interventions had a moderate effect for decreasing pain at short‐ (SMD −0.70, 95% CI −1.02 to −0.37) and midterm (SMD −0.68, 95% CI −1.10 to −0.27). No effect at midterm (SMD −0.21, 95% CI −0.52 to 0.10) on related disability was seen. The risk of bias was generally low; but the heterogenicity of the results downgraded the level of evidence.ConclusionThere is low level of evidence suggesting the effects of PENS alone or in combination for pain, but not related disability, in musculoskeletal pain.Level of EvidenceTherapy, level 1a.Registration number: CRD42019131331.SignificanceThis meta‐analysis investigating the effectiveness of PENS for the management of pain and related disability in musculoskeletal pain conditions found that PENS could decrease level of pain intensity but not relateddisability in musculoskeletal pain disorders.
Preliminary design and evaluation of large‐diameter superconducting cable toward GW‐class hybrid energy transfer of electricity, liquefied natural gas, and liquefied nitrogen
Authors: Chen Yu , Jiang Shan , Chen Xiao Yuan , Wang Ya Fang , Li Tao 
Published: March 2020

AbstractConsidering the temperature rises caused by the friction loss and heat leakage, long‐distance and high‐capacity transportation of liquefied natural gas (LNG) is currently not very feasible by using a cryogenic pipeline. As a fire‐proof and pollution‐free liquid, liquefied nitrogen (LN2) is introduced to cool the LNG pipe and high temperature superconducting (HTS) cable simultaneously for exploring a new hybrid energy transfer (HET) concept of the LNG, LN2, and electricity. In this new concept, both the LNG pipe and HTS cable are inserted into the same LN2 pipe, and these two coaxial assemblies are designed to have very large diameters for enhancing the energy transfer capacity. As case studies, two HTS cables rated at 2 kA and 10 kA are structurally optimized by using a particle swarm optimization method. Two performance indicators of required tape length and generated AC loss per meter cable are introduced to evaluate the capital cost and operating cost with thousands of optimized parameters. The results show that this new HET concept has significant potentials to avoid excessive LNG temperature rise and reduce the HTS tape and cooling costs, and thus lays some bases for the use in future power and energy transfer applications.
Effects of Herbicides on Flowering
Authors: Carpenter David J. , Mathiassen Solvejg K. , Boutin Céline , Strandberg Beate , Casey Carlene S. , Damgaard Christian 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Herbicides have been shown to reduce flower production and to delay flowering, with results varying among herbicides and tested plant species. We investigated the effects of herbicides on flowering in an extensive greenhouse study conducted in Canada and Denmark. The effects of low doses of 5 different herbicides (bromoxynil, ioxynil + bromoxynil, metsulfuron-methyl, clopyralid, and glyphosate), simulating realistic drift scenarios (1 and 5% recommended field rates), on plant flowering were examined using 9 wild plant species exposed at either the seedling (6- to 8-leaf) or flower bud stage. Following herbicide exposure, initial flowering date as well as flower production over time were recorded over the growing period. The effect of herbicides on cumulative flower numbers and flowering time were modeled using Gompertz growth models. Significant delays to peak flowering and/or reductions in flower production were observed in at least one plant species for all tested herbicides, with glyphosate often exhibiting the greatest negative effects, that is, plant death. Except for ioxynil + bromoxynil, there was no clear evidence of either the seedling or the flower bud stage being more sensitive. Overall, 58% of all species × life stage × herbicide treatments resulted in either a statistically significant or a strong decline in flower production with herbicide application rates up to 5% of recommended field rates, whereas significant or strong delays in peak flowering were also detected but were slightly less common. Effects at 1% label rates were minimal. Simultaneous delays to peak flowering and reductions in total flower production occurred in approximately 25% of all cases, indicating that herbicide application rates simulating realistic drift scenarios would likely have negative effects on wild floral communities. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:1244–1256. © 2020 SETAC
Cryptic aberrations may allow more accurate prognostic classification of patients with myelodysplastic syndromes and clonal evolution
Authors: Svobodova Karla , Lhotska Halka , Hodanova Lucie , Pavlistova Lenka , Vesela Denisa , Belickova Monika , Vesela Jitka , Brezinova Jana , Sarova Iveta , Izakova Silvia , Lizcova Libuse , Siskova Magda , Jonasova Anna , Cermak Jaroslav , Michalova Kyra , Zemanova Zuzana 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe karyotype of bone‐marrow cells at the time of diagnosis is one of the most important prognostic factors in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). In some cases, the acquisition of additional genetic aberrations (clonal evolution [CE]) associated with clinical progression may occur during the disease. We analyzed a cohort of 469 MDS patients using a combination of molecular cytogenomic methods to identify cryptic aberrations and to assess their potential role in CE. We confirmed CE in 36 (8%) patients. The analysis of bone‐marrow samples with a combination of cytogenomic methods at diagnosis and after CE identified 214 chromosomal aberrations. The early genetic changes in the diagnostic samples were frequently MDS specific (17 MDS‐specific/57 early changes). Most progression‐related aberrations identified after CE were not MDS specific (131 non‐MDS‐specific/155 progression‐related changes). Copy number neutral loss of heterozygosity (CN‐LOH) was detected in 19% of patients. MDS‐specific CN‐LOH (4q, 17p) was identified in three patients, and probably pathogenic homozygous mutations were found in TET2 (4q24) and TP53 (17p13.1) genes. We observed a statistically significant difference in overall survival (OS) between the groups of patients divided according to their diagnostic cytogenomic findings, with worse OS in the group with complex karyotypes (P = .021). A combination of cytogenomic methods allowed us to detect many cryptic genomic changes and identify genes and genomic regions that may represent therapeutic targets in patients with progressive MDS.
Functional connectivity of the frontotemporal network in preattentive detection of abstract changes: Perturbs and observes with transcranial magnetic stimulation and event‐related optical signal
Authors: Xiao Xue‐Zhen , Shum Yu‐Hei , Lui Troby K.‐Y. , Wang Yang , Cheung Alexandra T.‐C. , Chu Winnie C. W. , Neggers Sebastiaan F. W. , Chan Sandra S.‐M. , Tse Chun‐Yu 
Published: March 2020

AbstractCurrent theories of automatic or preattentive change detection suggest a regularity or prediction violation mechanism involving functional connectivity between the inferior frontal cortex (IFC) and the superior temporal cortex (STC). By disrupting the IFC function with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and recording the later STC mismatch response with event‐related optical signal (EROS), previous study demonstrated a causal IFC‐to‐STC functional connection in detecting a pitch or physical change. However, physical change detection can be achieved by memory comparison of the physical features and may not necessarily involve regularity/rule extraction and prediction. The current study investigated the IFC–STC functional connectivity in detecting rule violation (i.e., an abstract change). Frequent standard tone pairs with a constant relative pitch difference, but varying pitches, were presented to establish a pitch interval rule. This abstract rule was violated by deviants with reduced relative pitch intervals. The EROS STC mismatch response to the deviants was abolished by the TMS applied at the IFC 80 ms after deviance onset, but preserved in the spatial (TMS on vertex), auditory (TMS sound), and temporal (200 ms after deviance onset) control conditions. These results demonstrate the IFC–STC connection in preattentive abstract change detection and support the regularity or prediction violation account.
Cell‐Free Virus‐Host Chimera DNA From Hepatitis B Virus Integration Sites as a Circulating Biomarker of Hepatocellular Cancer
Authors: Li Chiao‐Ling , Ho Ming‐Chih , Lin You‐Yu , Tzeng Sheng‐Tai , Chen Yun‐Ju , Pai Hsin‐Yung , Wang Ya‐Chun , Chen Chi‐Ling , Lee Yu‐Hsin , Chen Ding‐Shinn , Yeh Shiou‐Hwei , Chen Pei‐Jer 
Published: March 2020

Background and Aims
Early recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after surgical resection compromises patient survival. Timely detection of HCC recurrence and its clonality is required to implement salvage therapies appropriately. This study examined the feasibility of virus‐host chimera DNA (vh‐DNA), generated from junctions of hepatitis B virus (HBV) integration in the HCC chromosome, as a circulating biomarker for this clinical setting.

Approach and Results
HBV integration in 50 patients with HBV‐related HCC was determined by the Hybridization capture‐based next‐generation sequencing (NGS) platform. For individual HCC, the vh‐DNA was quantified by specific droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) assay in plasma samples collected before and 2 months after surgery. HBV integrations were identified in 44 out of 50 patients with HBV‐related HCC. Tumor‐specific ddPCR was developed to measure the corresponding vh‐DNA copy number in baseline plasma from each patient immediately before surgery. vh‐DNA was detected in 43 patients (97.7%), and the levels correlated with the tumor sizes (detection limit at 1.5 cm). Among the plasma collected at 2 months after surgery, 10 cases (23.3%) still contained the same signature vh‐DNA detected at baseline, indicating the presence of residual tumor cells. Nine of them (90%) experienced HCC recurrence within 1 year, supporting vh‐DNA as an independent risk factor in predicting early recurrence. Analysis of circulating vh‐DNA at recurrence further helped identify the clonal origin. A total of 81.8% of recurrences came from original HCC clones sharing the same plasma vh‐DNA, whereas 18.2% were from de novo HCC.

Conclusions
vh‐DNA was shown to be a circulating biomarker for detecting the tumor load in majority of patients with HBV‐related HCC and aided in monitoring residual tumor and recurrence clonality after tumor resection.
Annexin A6 Is Critical to Maintain Glucose Homeostasis and Survival During Liver Regeneration in Mice
Authors: Alvarez‐Guaita Anna , Blanco‐Muñoz Patricia , Meneses‐Salas Elsa , Wahba Mohamed , Pollock Abigail H. , Jose Jaimy , Casado Mercedes , Bosch Marta , Artuch Rafael , Gaus Katharina , Lu Albert , Pol Albert , Tebar Francesc , Moss Stephen E. , Grewal Thomas , Enrich Carlos , Rentero Carles 
Published: March 2020

Background and Aims
Liver regeneration requires the organized and sequential activation of events that lead to restoration of hepatic mass. During this process, other vital liver functions need to be preserved, such as maintenance of blood glucose homeostasis, balancing the degradation of hepatic glycogen stores, and gluconeogenesis (GNG). Under metabolic stress, alanine is the main hepatic gluconeogenic substrate, and its availability is the rate‐limiting step in this pathway. Na+‐coupled neutral amino acid transporters (SNATs) 2 and 4 are believed to facilitate hepatic alanine uptake. In previous studies, we demonstrated that a member of the Ca2+‐dependent phospholipid binding annexins, Annexin A6 (AnxA6), regulates membrane trafficking along endo‐ and exocytic pathways. Yet, although AnxA6 is abundantly expressed in the liver, its function in hepatic physiology remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the potential contribution of AnxA6 in liver regeneration.

Approach and Results
Utilizing AnxA6 knockout mice (AnxA6−/−), we challenged liver function after partial hepatectomy (PHx), inducing acute proliferative and metabolic stress. Biochemical and immunofluorescent approaches were used to dissect AnxA6−/− mice liver proliferation and energetic metabolism. Most strikingly, AnxA6−/− mice exhibited low survival after PHx. This was associated with an irreversible and progressive drop of blood glucose levels. Whereas exogenous glucose administration or restoration of hepatic AnxA6 expression rescued AnxA6−/− mice survival after PHx, the sustained hypoglycemia in partially hepatectomized AnxA6−/− mice was the consequence of an impaired alanine‐dependent GNG in AnxA6−/− hepatocytes. Mechanistically, cytoplasmic SNAT4 failed to recycle to the sinusoidal plasma membrane of AnxA6−/− hepatocytes 48 hours after PHx, impairing alanine uptake and, consequently, glucose production.

Conclusions
We conclude that the lack of AnxA6 compromises alanine‐dependent GNG and liver regeneration in mice.
Non‐clinical single‐ and repeated‐dose toxicity studies of ET‐26 hydrochloride in rats
Authors: Zhang YiNan , Zhang YuJun , Deng ChaoYi , Gong DeYing , Kang Yi , Liu Jin , Zhang WenSheng 
Published: March 2020

AbstractET‐26 hydrochloride (ET‐26HCl), a novel analog of etomidate, induces as effective sedation, with good cardiac and respiratory stability, as etomidate but with mild adrenocortical suppression. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential adverse effects of ET‐26HCl in rats. In a single‐dose toxicity study, abnormal urine color (red) was observed in all groups: control (100%), 8 mg/kg (10%), 16 mg/kg (50%), and 20 mg/kg (70%) ET‐26HCl, which returned to normal on the day of dosing. There were no mortalities or serious toxicological signs; the maximum tolerable dose of ET‐26HCl was 20 mg/kg. In the repeated‐dose toxicity study, deaths occurred in the 12‐ (13.33% of males) and 16‐mg/kg/day (20% of males and 3.33% of females) groups. Abnormal urine color (red or brown) was detected in the control group (10%) and all treatment groups (30%, 46.67%, and 40% at 8, 12 and 16 mg/kg/day, respectively), at a frequency of 1.43% in the control group, 4.76% in 8 mg/kg/day, 7.62% in 12 mg/kg/day, and 4.29% in 16 mg/kg/day. Increases in neutrophils and plasma fibrinogen were temporary and recoverable effects. Macroscopic and histopathologic changes were found only at the injection sites: abnormal skin color, scabbing, thrombus, ulceration, and inflammation. During the recovery period, there was evidence of reversibility, including fibroblast proliferation and vessel recanalization. The no‐observed‐adverse‐effect level of ET‐26HCl was 8 mg/kg/day. Toxicokinetic variables of ET‐26HCl, except the calculated initial concentration in females on Day 1, showed a dose‐dependent increase to exposure, with no gender difference and no evidence of accumulation.
Nanobiocomposite based on natural polyelectrolytes for bone regeneration
Authors: Belluzo M. Soledad , Medina Lara F. , Molinuevo M. Silvina , Cortizo M. Susana , Cortizo Ana M. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWe developed a composite hydrogel based on chitosan and carboxymethyl cellulose with nanometric hydroxyapatite (nHA) as filler (ranging from 0.5 to 5%), by ultrasonic methodology to be used for bone regeneration. The 3D porous‐structure of the biocomposite scaffolds were confirmed by Scanning Electron Microscopy and Microtomography analysis. Infrared analysis did not show specific interactions between the organic components of the composite and nHA in the scaffold. The hydrogel properties of the matrices were studied by swelling and mechanical tests, indicating that the scaffold presented a good mechanical behavior. The degradation test demonstrated that the material is slowly degraded, while the addition of nHA slightly influences the degradation of the scaffolds. Biocompatibility studies carried out with bone marrow mesenchymal progenitor cells (BMPC) showed that cell proliferation and alkaline phosphatase activity were increased depending on the matrix nHA content. On the other hand, no cytotoxic effect was observed when RAW264.7 cells were seeded on the scaffolds. Altogether, our results allow us to conclude that these nanobiocomposites are promising candidates to induce bone tissue regeneration.
Bioactive micropatterning of biomaterials for induction of endothelial progenitor cell differentiation: Acceleration of in situ endothelialization
Authors: Royer Caroline , Guay‐Bégin Andrée‐Anne , Chanseau Christel , Chevallier Pascale , Bordenave Laurence , Laroche Gaétan , Durrieu Marie‐Christine 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSynthetic grafts do not provide an appealing surface for endothelial cells to adhere and colonize the inner surface. To promote in situ endothelialization the following aspect has to be taken into account, endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) needs to be mobilized on the surface of the graft. The surface of the graft has to be sufficiently biocompatible to create a prone environment for the EPCs to adhere, proliferate and, differentiate to form a layer and subsequently improve graft patency. In this work, two active molecules GRGDS and sitagliptin, were chosen for their abilities to recruit, enhance adhesion and induce differentiation of endothelial progenitor cells. They were grafted on PET surfaces in order to provide restrained cues triggering cell alignment and evaluate the influence of such structuration on EPCs fate. We then analyze cell behavior onto functionalized biomaterials. Their abilities to control EPCs fate were demonstrated via RT‐qPCR, immunofluorescence, and enzymatic tests. The GRGDS/sitagliptin 100 × 10 surface enables to reduce the stemness phenotype on EPCs and induce the expression of endothelial lineage markers. These results highlight the importance of spatial patterning cues in guiding EPCs organization and function, which may have clinical relevance in the development of vascular grafts that promote patency.
Biomaterials and biosensors in intestinal organoid culture, a progress review
Authors: Huang Jinjian , Jiang Yungang , Ren Yanhan , Liu Ye , Wu Xiuwen , Li Zongan , Ren Jianan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAs an emerging technology, intestinal organoids are promising new tools for basic and translational research in gastroenterology. Currently, culture of intestinal organoids relies mostly on a type of tumor‐derived scaffolds, namely Matrigel, which may pose tumorigenic risks to organoid implantation. Apart from the traditional detection methods, such as tissue slicing and fluorescence staining, the monitoring of intestinal organoids requires real‐time biosensors that can adapt to their three‐dimensional dynamic growth patterns. In this review, we summarized the recent advances in developing definite hydrogel scaffolds for intestinal organoid culture and identified key parameters for scaffold design. In addition, classified by different substrate compositions like pH, electrolytes, and functional proteins, we concluded the existing live‐imaging biosensors and elucidated their underlying mechanisms. We hope this review enhances the understanding of intestinal organoid culture and provides more practical approaches to investigate them.
Review on calcium‐ and magnesium‐based silicates for bone tissue engineering applications
Authors: Venkatraman Senthil Kumar , Swamiappan Sasikumar 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBone is a self‐engineered structural component of the human body with multifaceted mechanical strength, which provides indomitable support to the effective functioning of the human body. It is indispensable to find a suitable biomaterial for substituting the bone as the bone substitute material requirement is very high due to the rate of bone fracture and infection lead to osteoporosis in human beings increases rapidly. It is not an easy task to design a material with good apatite deposition ability, a faster rate of dissolution, superior resorbability, high mechanical strength, and significant bactericidal activity. Since the synthetic hydroxyapatite was not able to achieve the dahlite phase of hydroxyapatite (natural bone mineral phase), silicates emerged as an alternate biomaterial to meet the need for bone graft substitutes. All silicates do not exhibit the properties required for bone graft substitutes, as their composition and methodology adopted for the synthesis are different. Calcium, magnesium, and silicon play a major role in the formation of bone mineral and their metabolism during bone formation. In this review, the relationship between composition and activity of calcium, magnesium‐based silicates have been discussed along with the future scope of these materials for hard tissue engineering applications.
Antibody‐modified magnetic nanoparticles as specific high‐efficient cell‐separation agents
Authors: Saei Arezoo , Asfia Shima , Kouchakzadeh Hasan , Rahmandoust Moones 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSeparation of tumor cells is a promising approach that helps not only in early detection of cancer but also as an efficient tool that holds great importance in prohibiting cancer cell mutation, drug resistance to treatments, and in granting successful adjuvant therapies. As one of the highly efficient processes for the separation of single cells, tumor cells, and specific proteins from fresh whole blood, a magnetic iron oxide nanoparticle (IONP)‐based immunomagnetic separation technique has been developed in this article. The synthesized IONPs were modified with antibodies (Abs) against human epithelial growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), which is overexpressed and/or amplified in about 15% of breast cancer patients with several types of human cancer cells. The prepared Ab‐conjugated IONPs (Ab‐IONPs) attach HER2‐positive cancer cells exclusively and can serve as specific high‐efficient single‐cell separation agents. The results showed that the magnetic IONPs have been successfully attached to the Abs via 1‐ethyl‐3‐(3‐dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide/N‐hydroxysuccinimide linkers. Maximum targeting efficiency of the Ab‐IONP complex, which was 94.5 ± 0.8% for BT474 and 70.6 ± 0.4% for mixture of cells (BT474 and MCF7), was achieved with a minimum amount of Abs, to provide an economically efficient single‐cell detection device.