bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COMPARISON OF COMMUNICATION SKILLS BETWEEN UNDERGRADUATE DENTAL STUDENTS WITH AND WITHOUT PRIOR TRAINING IN EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION
Authors: Mathew Tony , Shetty Aditya , Shetty Chitharanjan , Narasimhan Dhanya , Shetty Shishir , Hegde Mithra N 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Aim: In the present era of relationship-based care, effective communication between practitioners and patients vastly affects treatment planning and ultimately patient satisfaction.This study compared the communication skills of two groups of final year's undergraduate dental students with and without prior training in effective communication.
Methodology: Eighty final year student were asked to participate in the study. Participants were randomly divided into two groups of forty each. One group received training in history taking and effective communication with patients, through a course that spanned across three hours. The remaining forty were not put through the course. Subsequently all the eighty students were asked to examine one patient each and record patient case history. The communication skills of the students were evaluated by the patients in the form of a feedback questionnaire provided to them after the dental examination.
Results: The results indicated that students who had received training in communication skills were rated significantly higher than the untrained student in all aspects of communication
Conclusion: Proper training improved communication skills significantly among dental students
AN EDUCATIONAL INTERVENTION PROGRAMME ON HAZARDS OF PLASTIC WASTE AND ITS DISPOSAL AMONG ADULTS: A RURAL COMMUNITY BASED STUDY
Authors: Manuel Jincy , Varghese Jincy , Jose Jini , Thomas Jintu K , Joseph Jinu , Shettigar Divya 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Introduction: Plastic is everywhere in today's lifestyle. It is used for packaging, protecting, serving, and even disposing of all kinds of consumer goods. Improper plastic disposal has become a leading problem in both developed and developing countries. As plastic is non-biodegradable in nature, it remains in environment for several years and disposing plastic wastes at landfill are unsafe and has led to various health problems. So researcher felt it is vital that adults should possess knowledge on hazards of plastic wastes and its disposal.
Method: In this study cross sectional descriptive survey was used. Adults were selected through probability simple random sampling. The data was collected using a pretested structured questionnaire. The structured-teaching programme was administered at the end of the pre-test. The post-test was carried out after 7 days, using the same tool as the pre-test. The data was analysed using SPSS version 16 and the results expressed as proportions.
Results: A total of 100 adults were included in the study. Analysis of data revealed pre-test knowledge score was 42.52%.Considering the level of knowledge of adults, a structured teaching programme was administered. The post-test knowledge score was 80.48%. Hence comparison in pre-test knowledge score and post-test percentage of hazards of plastic waste and its disposal was approximately 37.96%. A significant association between source of information and post-test knowledge was found.
Conclusion: A significant number of adults had inadequate knowledge. So researcher felt that awareness programmes regarding hazards of plastic waste and its disposal should be emphasized.
RANDOMISED CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY OF ORAL HEALTH RELATED KNOWLEDGE AND BEHAVIOUR AMONG PARAMEDICAL STUDENTS
Authors: Permi Shwethashri R , Bhandary Rahul , Thomas Biju 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe aim of the study is to estimate the knowledge, attitude and behaviour regarding oral health among para medical students
Materials and method: A cross sectional questionnaire survey was conducted among 150 para medical professionals in Mangalore. The health care professionals include from physiotherapy, nursing and medical lab technicians. They were asked to answer a questionnaire that contained 15 questions regarding knowledge and behaviour towards oral health.
Results and conclusion: Majority of para medical students were practising a convincing oral hygiene methods they believed oral health play a role in general health had a positive attitude in educating their patients when required.
PROSTHODONTIC MANAGEMENT OF RESORBED MANDIBULAR RIDGE USING NEUTRAL ZONE IMPRESSION TECHNIQUE: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Bhat Vinaya , Krishna D Prasad , Kant Shipra 
Published: April 2020

AbstractOne of the most commonly faced problems among long term denture wearers is the reduction in the denture foundation. Prosthetic rehabilitation of a patient with severely resorbed ridge is the most challenging therapy a prosthodontist can undertake. In order to have a favourable prognosis for the denture therapy, impression technique selected should be based on the present state of the basal tissue support. This article presents the application of neutral zone concept being incorporated in impression making to achieve successful complete denture therapy.
GUIDELINES IN CLINICAL PRACTICE: A DICTUM OR A DAMN..?!
Authors: TP Rajeev , Krishnan Shalini 
Published: April 2020

AbstractClinical practice guidelines are systematically developed statements that assist practitioners to provide appropriate evidence-based care. They are often created by statutory bodies, expert associational advisory committees, government and regional offices and even individual hospital policy groups. The objectives of clinical guidelines are to standardize medical care, to raise the quality of care and to reduce several kinds of risks to the patient and health care provider. Implementation of clinical practice guidelines is a complex process and protocols with good quality, with clinical importance and prioritization of topics, and a user-friendly format are usually successful. In day to day clinical practice guidelines are not strictly followed. The merits and demerits of guideline based practice patterns have been analyzed here. There could be many reasons for the non adherence to protocol based medical practice which has to be addressed. A historical perspective of guidelines and a breach in standardized practice is also mentioned. As there can be fallacies in protocols; a clinical practice that is not strictly adhering with guidelines, should not be considered as a wrongful treatment strategy.
NEGATIVE SYMPTOMS IN SCHIZOPHRENIA: THE PREVAILING CHALLENGES
Authors: Pai Nagesh , Vella Shae-Leigh C 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAlthough many advances in the understanding and treatment of schizophrenia have been made many challenges still remain. Most notably is the lack of understanding pertaining to the negative symptoms dimension of schizophrenia and the treatment of such symptomology? Primary negative symptoms affect 20-40% of individuals with schizophrenia and are associated with the greatest impacts upon functional impairment and quality of life. A qualitative review of the prevailing challenges related to the nature, assessment and treatment of negative symptoms was conducted. The current literature in each of the aforementioned areas pertaining to primary negative symptoms was reviewed with a focus upon the key challenges and directions for future research. The results of the qualitative review indicate that the construct of negative symptoms requires further delineation and recent work in the area of the assessment of negative symptoms necessitates further development. In regards to the treatment of negative symptoms no definitive directions are espoused due to the extent of the dearth of knowledge in the area as highlighted in the discussion. The area of negative symptoms research requires multi-disciplinary collaborative research to address the major challenges to the understanding, assessment and treatment of negative symptoms in schizophrenia to improve the quality of life and functional outcomes of those with primary negative symptoms.
Rhomboid fossa and mid shaft circumference of the clavicle - anthropological study in North Karnataka population
Authors: Bhat Shivarama , Asif Muhammad , Manjegowda Dinesh Sosalagere , Radhakrishna Shetty , H. Shivarama C. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe rhomboid fossa of clavicle was studied globally by forensic experts and anthropologists to determine the age and sex. This study was done on samples of human clavicles from North Karnataka of South India to determine the sexual dimorphism which is of anthropological, forensic and clinical importance. In this study mid shaft circumference, morphology of rhomboid fossa of clavicle was analysed. The incidences of rhomboid fossa of depressed and elevated types are seen more in males and smooth and flat types are seen mainly in female clavicles. This study also showed relative degree of sexual dimorphism in the mid shaft circumference of male and female clavicles. Since morphology of rhomboid fossa and mid shaft circumference of clavicles are significantly associated with sex, these results can be correlated with further molecular studies. These results may be used as indicators to determine sex in anthropology and forensic science to aid identification of isolated bone specimens.
Determination of efficacy of pre-procedural mouth rinsing in reducing aerosol contamination produced by ultrasonic scalers
Authors: Rao Reema M. , Shenoy Nina , Shetty Veena 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe oral cavity is a unique environment which can provide an ideal medium for bacterial growth. Most of the procedures performed by dentist have the potential for creating contaminated aerosols and splatter which contains bacteria, fungi, protozoa and even blood borne viruses produced during dental operative procedures and thus promoting an increased risk of cross infection. In dentistry, the ultrasonic scaler and the air polisher are considered to be the greatest producers of small particle aerosol contamination. Aerosols can remain airborne for extended periods of time and may be inhaled and was also found that the microorganisms could survive in the aerosol produced for as long as 6 days. The association of these aerosols with the respiratory infections, opthalamic and skin infections, tuberculosis and hepatitis B have been reported.Chlorhexidine is considered as the “Gold standard” of antimicrobial rinse because of broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and substantivity of 8-12 hrs. This study determined the efficacy of preprocedural rinsing with an antimicrobial mouthrinse containing chlorhexidine in reducing the level of viable bacteria contained in aerosols generated by ultrasonic scaling.The results of the present study clearly indicate that pre-procedural mouth rinse with 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate was significantly effective in reducing the aerosol contamination during use of ultrasonic scaling in dental practice Using a pre-procedural rinse can significantly reduce the viable microbial content of dental aerosols.
Bacterial Contamination Associated with Retail Chicken Carcasses in Osogbo, Nigeria
Authors: Olukemi Adesiji Yemisi , Osas Igbinigie Mavis , Olubukola Olaitan Janet , Jeremiah Ogah Ikhevha 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Worldwide, food borne illness is often associated with consumption of meat and poultry products sold at retail markets. A study on the bacteriological status of chicken carcass in Osogbo, Nigeria, was carried out to determine the prevalence of Arcobacter species, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus in chicken carcasses.
Methodology: A total of 100 samples of chicken carcasses were collected from two major processing points in Osogbo, Nigeria. The samples were analysed for the presence of bacterial contaminants using standard microbiological isolation and identification procedures, with antimicrobial susceptibility test performed using the disk diffusion method.
Result: Of hundred chicken carcasses sampled, 38% were positive for Arcobacter species and E. coli while 60% accounted for S. aureus isolates. Ninety percent of Arcobacter spp isolates were susceptible to ciprofloxacin, 85% to gentamicin, and pefloxacin, 70% to chloramphenicol and 90% were resistant to amoxicillin, 85% to augumentin and 80% to streptomycin. Hundred percent of E. coli isolates were susceptible to ciprofloxacin, pefloxacin, 95% to gentamicin and 100% were resistant to streptomycin, 85 % resistant to amoxicillin, augumentin, while 100% of S. aureus isolates were susceptible to trimethoprim sulphamethoxazole, 90% susceptible to gentamicin, 80% to streptomycin and 100% of the S.aureus isolates were resistant to ampliclox.
Conclusion: The bacteriological status of chicken carcass revealed high contamination with Arcobacter, E coli and S. aureus with varying degree of antibiotic resistance therefore, improvement in meat processing procedures and strict hygiene measures towards reduction of these pathogens in food products should be encouraged.
Awareness of Alcohol among Adolescents and Young Adults of Mangalore
Authors: D'SA Joswin Rakesh , Shetty Seemitha , V. Shahina , Sahu Shashank , Prabhakar Shifali , Kundapur Rashmi , Kiran K. G. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Introduction: Alcohol consumption is a major public health problem in most parts of the world responsible for 3.2per cent of deaths (1.8 million). Prevalence of alcohol use in India is reported to be 21.4%. The concern, is that there has been a rapid change in patterns and trends of alcohol use in India, chief among them is people are beginning to drink at ever-younger ages. Alcohol consumption of the students under the age of 18 years is markedly high which needs to be addressed.
Aims and Objectives: To assess the awareness of risk factors in alcohol consumption among adolescents and young adults.
Materials and Method: Materials used are -Questionnaire pertaining to the awareness of alcohol consumption.
Methodology: Assessment of awareness and knowledge of alcohol consumption was done by means of answering a pretested validated questionnaire with anonymity.
Results: According to the study done, 67.18% of students knew who consumed alcohol under the age of 18. It was found, 28.03% of the subjects perceived that alcohol consumption started because of the urge to try something new.
Conclusion: A high majority of the students are aware of the underage drinking and risk factors associated with it.
A Descriptive Study on Knowledge of Registered Nurses Regarding Hospital Protocols on Biomedical Waste and Spillage Management and Needle Stick Injury in a Selected Hospital
Authors: Dsouza Pramila , Cutinho Savitha Pramilda , D'Silva Benita Reema , D'Souza Lanisha Sharon , D'Souza Dainy Reshma , Joseph Janet Joy , Neethu K.C. , Varghese Rinu Susan , N. Vanyakala M. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Infection control is a major component in health care practices. The health care team while providing services of curative, promotive or preventive, inevitably create waste and also cause injury which may be hazardous to health. Poor waste management practices pose a huge risk to the health of public, patients, professionals and also contribute to environmental degradation. Nurses as the part of health care personnel is expected to have proper knowledge, practice, and 6 capacity to guide others for waste collection, management, and proper handling techniques.
Method: A descriptive study was conducted to assess the knowledge of nurses on biomedical waste Management, spillage management and to determine needle stick injury among 210 registered nurses working in various wards of selected hospital. The convenient sampling technique was used to select the subjects. Baseline proforma and structured knowledge questionnaire was used to collect the data and data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.
Result: In this study it has been found that the majority of staff nurses (78.6%) had good level of knowledge, 18.1% had very good level of knowledge and 3.33% had satisfactory level of knowledge on Biomedical Waste and Spillage Management and Needle Stick Injury.
Conclusion: The findings of the study have shown that majority of staff nurses have good level of knowledge on Biomedical Waste and Spillage Management and Needle Stick Injury.
New Radiological Index for Evaluation of Pectus Deformities in Indian Population
Authors: Joshua S. Allwyn , Shetty Lathika , Pare V.S. , Sebastian Roopa 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of new radiological index for the diagnosis of pectus deformities in Indian population using computed tomography (CT) imaging.
Materials and methods: 60 subjects with mild to moderate pectus deformities and 100 controls with age group from 1 to 40 years were evaluated for the study. Non contrast CT images with sagittal, axial sections and 3D reconstructed images were utilized for the measurement of manubriosternal joint (MSJT) angulation as well as sterno-vertebral (SV) distance and transverse diameter (A) of chest.
Results: In controls manubriosternal joint showed mean value of 166.6±5.27, in pectus carinatum (PC) MSJT measured about 170±5.2 and in pectus excavatum (PE) MSJT had a value of 157.6±14.57and internal thoracic dimensions like sterno-vertebral distance measured about mean of 91.3±18.12 in controls, 80.24±14.57 in PE and 99.13±15.6 in PC and transverse diameter with a mean of 208.72±33.9in controls, 223.14±28.92 in PE and 192.2±40.96 in PC.
Conclusion: Inclusion of MSJT angulation as radiological index alongside of internationally accepted indices like sterno-vertebral distance and transverse diameter of chest would ensure comprehensive assessment of chest wall deformation and help in better understanding of sternal displacement during pectus deformities.
Optional Vaccines for Better Immunization :
Awareness among Mothers
Authors: Punarva M.H. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractEffectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge of optional vaccines among mothers of under five children in selected rural areas. The Sample include 30 mothers of under five children.Research approach was quantitative - evaluative approach anddesign used was quasi experimental pretestposttest design.In the first phase, researcher assessed pretest knowledge and health teaching was given to selected mothers with the duration of 45 minutes. The posttest knowledge was assessed over a period of 7 days after the intervention. The community participation has found to be effective with a Paired t valve (P<0.001) shows significance which indicates community participation was effective in terms of knowledge pain.
Local Drug Delivery in periodontal diseases. ……A Review
Authors: Ramesh Amitha , Prakash Agumbe Priyanka , Thomas Biju 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPeriodontitis is an immuno-inflammatory disease of the tissues surrounding the teeth. Various treatment modalities like mechanical debridement and use of antimicrobials have been followed in the treatment of such conditions. Introduction of local drug delivery system in the periodontal pocket is a promising therapeutic modality for achieving better clinical outcomes when used as an adjunct to conventional non surgical periodontal therapy. Intensive research efforts are now focussed on the development of new strategies for more effective treatment.
Knowledge of Sexual Harassment among the Undergraduate students in Udupi district
Authors: Gurung Aditi , Priyadarshini Sangeetha , E. Binu Margaret 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Introduction: Sexual harassment is a problem that is concerned with public health and has a serious effects on the students' dignity, physical as well as mental health. Knowledge on Sexual harassment equips the students to face such situation courageously.
Objectives: The objective of the study was to assess the knowledge of the undergraduate students on sexual harassment.
Methods: A cross- sectional survey was conducted among 408 undergraduate students of selected professional colleges of Udupi district. Data was collected using structured knowledge questionnaire on sexual harassment. Stratified proportionate systematic random sampling technique was used.
Result: The study found that 82.4% of the students had average knowledge, 13.2% had good knowledge and 4.4% had poor knowledge on sexual harassment.
Conclusion: This study shows that students have average knowledge on sexual harassment which shows that they need further education that may help them to take proper actions if harassment ever occur.
Anthropometric Analysis of Infraorbital Foramen in Adult Indian Dry Skull
Authors: Panicker Johncy Itty , Kumar Vishal , Veerannasetty Vinay Kumar 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Introduction: Normally infra orbital foramen (IOF) is situated on the anterior surface of maxilla about 1cm below the infra orbital margin (IOM) bilaterally. Infra orbital vessels and nerves emerge out through this foramen. Infra orbital nerve (ION) terminates by supplying skin over the lower eyelid, conjunctiva, lateral aspect of external surface of nose, upper lip, ala of the nose and the premolar teeth. Infra orbital vessels supply the area surrounding the IOF.
Objective: To measure distance between superior part of the rim of the IOF to IOM (DIM) and the distance between the medial part of the rim of the IOF to lateral margin of the pyriform aperture (DIP). Compare the measurements of both sides. Compare our studies with other authors.
Materials and methods: Sixty adult dry skulls of unknown sex were studied. Those skulls with damaged foramen were excluded. Measurements were done in millimetres. Result: The mean DIM on right side is 5.96 mm and on left side it is 6.07. Mean DIP on right side is 16.70 mm and on left side it is 16.63mm. We have observed that there is no much significant variations in respect to sides. Our values were within the range of many others value.
Conclusion: Knowing exact location of IOF using different land mark is important for providing local anaesthesia in maxillofacial, plastic surgical operations and radio ablative neurotomy procedures. Thus information obtained is very useful IOF to avoid iatrogenic injury in the infra orbital area.
Knowledge attitude and practices of oral and personal hygiene to prevent communicable diseases among students in and around the city of Mangalore. An epidemiological survey
Authors: Hegde Amitha M. , Kar Adrija , R. Lekshmi , Mathew Minu 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Introduction: India is undergoing an epidemiologic, demo-graphic and health transition. The expectancy of life has increased, with consequent rise in degenerative diseases of aging and lifestyles. Nevertheless, communicable diseases are still dominant and constitute major public health issues. There are several factors associated with the control of communicable diseases, such as hygiene, sanitation and safe drinking water, which are interlinked. Inadequate sanitary conditions and poor hygiene practices play major roles in the increased burden of communicable diseases.
Objectives: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the knowledge about communicable diseases and practices of proper hygiene measures, among school going children in and around Mangalore, Karnataka.
Methodology: A survey was conducted among the students of an English and Kannada medium school using a basic questionnaire.
Results: An overall lower percentile scores were obtained by children from Kannada medium school.
Conclusion: There is a definite need for intense campaigns for the promotion of good oral and personal hygiene practices better aimed at the prevention of communicable diseases in local regional language medium schools in India.