bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low UV-C stress modulates Chlamydomonas reinhardtii biomass composition and oxidative stress response through proteomic and metabolomic changes involving novel signalers and effectors
Authors: Colina Francisco , Carbó María , Meijón Mónica , Cañal María Jesús , Valledor Luis 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: The exposition of microalgae and plants to low UV-C radiation dosages can improve their biomass composition and stress tolerance. Despite UV-C shares these effects with UV-A/B but at much lower dosages, UV-C sensing and signal mechanisms are still mostly unknown. Thus, we have described and integrated the proteometabolomic and physiological changes occurring in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii –a simple Plantae model– into the first 24 h after a short and low intensity UV-C irradiation in order to reconstruct the microalgae response system to this stress. Results : The microalgae response was characterized by increased redox homeostasis, ROS scavenging and protein damage repair/avoidance elements. These processes were upregulated along others related to the modulation of photosynthetic electron flux, carbon fixation and C/N metabolism. These changes, attributed to either direct UV-C-, ROS- or redox unbalances-associated damage, trigger a response process involving novel signaling intermediaries and effectors as the translation modulator FAP204, a PP2A like protein and a novel DYRK kinase. These elements were found linked to the modulation of Chlamydomonas biomass composition (starch accumulation) and proliferation, within an UV-C response probably modulated by different epigenetic factors.Conclusion: Chosen multiomics integration approach was able to describe many fast changes, including biomass composition and ROS stress tolerance, as a response to a low intensity UV-C stress. Moreover, the employed omics and systems biology approach placed many previously unidentified protein and metabolites at the center of these changes. These elements would be promising targets for the characterization of this stress response in microalgae and plants and the engineering of more productive microalgae strains.
From Invention to Industry from a social movement perspective: The emergence of the 3D Printing Industry
Authors: Lechner Christian , Pervaiz Abeer 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In the entrepreneurship literature, the phenomenon of industry emergence has been largely investigated from an institutional perspective. Appropriate institutions would allow then a group of individual entrepreneurs (‘the heroes’) to create an industry through innovative ventures. New ventures create new industries and firm entry, survival and exit drive industry evolution. Our research, however, explores what creates the favorable set of circumstances for new ventures to emerge and focuses on the pre-emergence phase and we propose that the patterns of emergence resemble those of social movements. Through an actor perspective, this research highlights the existence of diverse actors, not necessarily entrepreneurs, who are necessary to trigger a collective action during the pre-emergence phase of industries. This research is also distinct from entrepreneurial ecosystems as its development already requires some successful entrepreneurial action. The 3D Printing industry was chosen as a single longitudinal case study, where the actors are the embedded units of analysis. The findings of the study lead to the identification of three aggregate dimensions; “Social Movement Composition”, Temporal Engagement” and “Coalitions Development”, that were prevalent during the pre-emergence phase of the 3D printing industry. Our propositions emphasize the importance of large collective action and the role of multiple actors in order to create the conditions for, first, firm emergence and the second, to the process of industry emergence.
Fasciclin-like arabinogalactan gene family in Nicotiana benthamiana: genome-wide identification, classification and expression in response to pathogens
Authors: Wu Xinyang , Lai Yuchao , Lv Lanqing , Ji Mengfei , Han Kelei , Yan Dankan , Lu Yuwen , Peng Jiejun , Rao Shaofei , Yan Fei , Zheng Hongying , Chen Jianping 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Nicotiana benthamiana is widely used as a model plant to study plant-pathogen interactions. Fasciclin-like arabinogalactan proteins (FLAs), a subclass of arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs), participate in mediating plant growth, development and response to abiotic stress. However, the members of FLAs in N. benthamiana and their response to plant pathogens are unknown.Results: 38 NbFLAs were identified from a genome-wide study. NbFLAs could be divided into four subclasses, and their gene structure and motif composition were conserved in each subclass. NbFLAs may be regulated by cis-acting elements such as STRE and MBS, and may be the targets of transcription factors like C2H2. Quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) results showed that selected NbFLAs were differentially expressed in different tissues. All of the selected NbFLAs were significantly downregulated following infection by turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) and most of them also by Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato strain DC3000 (Pst DC3000), suggesting possible roles in response to pathogenic infection.Conclusions: This study systematically identified FLAs in N. benthamiana, and indicates their potential roles in response to biotic stress. The identification of NbFLAs will facilitate further studies of their role in plant immunity in N. benthamiana.
The Effects of Immediate Programmed Cryotherapy and Continuous Passive Motion in Patients after Computer-Assisted Total Knee Arthroplasty: A prospective, randomized controlled trial
Authors: Chen Mei-Chu , Lin Chiu-Chu , Ko Jih-Yang , Kuo Feng-Chih 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: The postoperative nursing intervention with i mmediate cryotherapy and continuous passive motion (CPM) remains elusive regarding the postoperative pain and range of motion (ROM) for patients undergoing computer-assisted total knee arthroplasty (CAS-TKA). Methods: A prospective, randomized controlled trial with a purposive sampling method was utilized. Sixty patients scheduled for a unilateral CAS-TKA at a medical center were randomly assigned to the intervention group (n=30) and control group (n=30). The intervention group applied programed cryotherapy and CPM within one hour while returning to the ward on the day of surgery, while the control group did not. Data were analyzed using mixed models to compare the numeric rating scale (NRS) for pain, ROM, and swelling at postoperative day (POD) 4. Results: There was no significant difference in the NRS score between the groups ( p = 0.168). The intervention group had significantly higher ROM than the control group (98 degrees vs. 91 degrees, p = 0.004) at POD 4. Although no significant difference in joint swelling was found between groups ( p = 0.157), the intervention group had lower mean joint swelling (32.2 cm) than the control group (33.9 cm). Conclusions: Immediate programmed cryotherapy and continuous passive motion could help to improve ROM quickly after CAS-TKA. It should be incorporated into the daily nursing plan for patients undergoing CAS-TKA.
Electroacupuncture preconditioning alleviated myocardial injury via regulation mitochondrial function
Authors: Wang Chunai , Liang Xi , Yu Yan , Li Yulan , Wen Xiaohui , Liu Min 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background. Electroacupuncture is well known for its advantageous neuroanalgesic and therapeutic effects on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. The purpose of the present research was to verify whether electroacupuncture can alleviate bupivacaine-induced myocardial injury. Methods. Specific-pathogen-free Wistar rats were used to establish the bupivacaine-induced myocardial injury model. Western blot, PCR, transmission electron microscope and enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA) methods were used to evaluate bupivacaine-induced structure injury and dysfunction of the mitochondria as well as the alleviating effects of lipid emulsion, acupoint injection, and electroacupuncture pre-treatment of the oxidase stress response. Results Bupivacaine caused structural damage, degradation, and swelling of mitochondria. Furthermore, it reduced adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis and impaired energy metabolism in the mitochondria. Structural and functional impairment of the mitochondria was alleviated via lipid emulsion injection, acupoint injection, and electroacupuncture pre-treatment. Electroacupuncture pre-treatment yielded a greater alleviating effect than the other two approaches. Following electroacupuncture pre-treatment, the number of mitochondria increased; apoptosis was reduced, enzymatic activity of cytochrome C oxidase (COX) and superoxide dismutase and expression of uncoupling protein 2, voltage-dependent anion channel 1, and Bcl 2 were upregulated and SLC25A6, MDA levels were downregulated. Additionally, our findings indicated that electroacupuncture pre-treatment exerted an effect on the mitochondria via the mitochondrial-transcription-factor-A / nuclear-respiratory-factor-1 / proliferator-activated-receptor-gamma-coactivator -1 pathway. Conclusion The present study revealed that electroacupuncture pre-treatment could effectively alleviate bupivacaine-induced myocardial mitochondrial damage, thereby providing a theoretical basis for clinical studies and applications of this treatment method.
First molecular insights into the infection process provoked by Neofusicoccum parvum in Liquidambar styraciflua and the identification of new cysteine-rich proteins in both organisms
Authors: Vázquez-Avendaño Rebeca , Rodríguez-Haas José Benjamín , Velázquez-Delgado Hugo , Rosas-Saito Greta Hanako , Hernández-Domínguez Eric Edmundo , Sánchez-Rangel Diana 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Neofusicoccum parvum belongs to the Botryosphaeriaceae family, which groups endophytic and latent pathogens of woody plants responsible for diseases such as cankers, dieback and blight. It is a widespread pathogen with a broad host range, including agricultural, horticultural and forestry plants; therefore, it is relevant to characterize the molecular mechanisms involved in the disease caused by this pathogen. This work reports for the first time N. parvum as a pathogen of Liquidambar styraciflua. We established an in vitro pathosystem using foliar tissue to characterize the infection process through scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Because cysteine-rich proteins (CysRPs) have been studied for their important functions in plant-pathogen interactions, new CysRPs were identified for these organisms, and mRNA expression of these proteins was analyzed at early time points during the interaction.Results: After the first 24 hours post infection, the pathogen caused visible symptoms, and microscopic analysis at 16 days post infection revealed the presence of N. parvum pycnidia embedded in L. styraciflua leaf tissue. For both organisms, two databases with transcriptomic and genomic information were analyzed, and five new CysRPs were identified for each organism. The length varied between 95 and 204 amino acids, and in silico analysis revealed that all the proteins are potentially secreted. The search for conserved domains and phylogenetic analyses revealed that all the proteins are novel, including two of N. parvum that present the well-known CFEM domain. RT-qPCR analysis was conducted at 24 and 72 hours post infection, and the results showed changes in the levels of CysRP mRNAs for both the plant and the fungus at early stages during the interaction.Conclusions: N. parvum was identified for the first time as a pathogen of L. styraciflua, and this work presents an approach to comprehensively understand the molecular mechanisms involved in this interaction, highlighting the potential involvement of CysRPs of both organisms under this biotic stress.
Characterization of LC-MS Based Urine Metabolomics in Healthy Subjects Across the Life Span
Authors: Liu Xiaoyan , Tian Xiaoyi , Shi Qinghong , Sun Haidan , Li Jing , Tang Xiaoyue , Guo Zhengguang , Liu Ying , Ma Jie , Ren Na , Jin Fang , He Chengyan , sun wei , Song Wenqi 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Previous studies reported that gender and age could influence urine metabolomics, which should be considered in biomarker discovery. As a consequence, for the baseline of urine metabolomics characteristics, it becomes critical to avoid confounding effects in clinical cohort studies. Results: In this study, we provided a comprehensive lifespan characterization of urine metabolomics in a cohort of 348 healthy children and 315 adults aged 1 to 70 years using liquid chromatography coupled with high resolution mass spectrometry. Our results suggested that gender-dependent urine metabolites are much greater in adults than in children. The pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis and alanine metabolism pathways were enriched in early life. Androgen and estrogen metabolism showed high activity during adolescence and youth stages. Pyrimidine metabolism was enriched in the old stage. Conclusion: Based on the above analysis, metabolomic characteristics of each age stage were provided. This work could help us understand the baseline of urine metabolism characteristics and contribute to further studies of clinical disease biomarker discovery.
Responsiveness of human bronchial fibroblasts and epithelial cells from asthmatic and non-asthmatic donors to the transforming growth factor-β1 in epithelial-mesenchymal trophic unit model
Authors: Paw Milena , Wnuk Dawid , Jakieła Bogdan , Bochenek Grażyna , Sładek Krzysztof , Madeja Zbigniew , Michalik Marta 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Asthma-related airway wall remodeling is associated with i.a. damage of bronchial epithelium and subepithelial fibrosis. Functional interactions between human bronchial epithelial cells and human bronchial fibroblasts are known as the epithelial-mesenchymal trophic unit (EMTU) and are necessary for a proper functioning of lung tissue. However, a high concentration of the transforming growth factor-β 1 (TGF-β 1 ) in the asthmatic bronchi drives the structural disintegrity of epithelium with the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of the bronchial epithelial cells, and of subepitheial fibrosis with the fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition (FMT) of the bronchial fibroblasts. Since previous reports indicate different intrinsic properties of the human bronchial epithelial cells and the human bronchial fibroblasts which affect their EMT/FMT potential beetween cells derived from asthmatic and non-asthmatic patients, cultured separatelly in vitro , we were interested to see whether corresponding effects could be obtained in co-cultures of bronchial epithelial cells and bronchial fibroblasts. In this study, we investigate the effects of the TGF-β 1 on the EMT markers of the bronchial epithelial cells cultured in the air-liquid-interface and effectiveness of FMT in the bronchial fibroblast populations in the EMTU models.
Results: Our results show that the asthmatic co-cultures are more sensitive to the TGF-β 1 than the non-asthmatic ones, which is associated with a higher potential of asthmatic bronchial cells for a profibrotic response, analogously to be observed in “2D” cultures. Moreover, our results indicate a noticeable impact of human bronchial epithelial cells on the TGF-β 1 -induced FMT, stronger in the asthmatic bronchial fibroblast populations in comparison to the non-asthmatic ones.
Conclusions: Our data are the first to demonstrate a protective effect of human bronchial fibroblasts on the properties of human bronchial epithelial cells, which suggests that intrinsic properties of not only epithelium but also subepithelial fibroblasts affect a proper condition and function of the EMTU in both normal and asthmatic individuals.
Chest CT scan in patients with contusion and COVID-19, a comparative study with pure lung contusion
Authors: Sefidbakht Sepideh , Jafari Seyed Hamed , Zarei Fariba , Abdolrahimzadeh Hossein , Sabetian Golnar , Iranpour Pooya , Bijan Bijan , Sadraei Nazanin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Resource allocation for traumatic patients who are positive/negative for COVID-19 challenges the diagnosis. We designed this study to compare the chest CT appearances of COVID-19 patients associated with lung contusion versus patients with lung contusion only, to determine the differentiation capability of CT scan concerning the two conditions. Methods: CT-scans of 9 RT-PCR positive patients of lung contusion due to motor-vehicle-accident (COVID-19 with contusion group) and 16 consecutive patients with lung contusions of comparable severity scores from the pre-COVID-19 era (contusion only group) were revaluated retrospectively and blindly by three radiologists in consensus. The distribution and characteristics of presenting CT-scan findings; including presence, shape and distribution of Ground Glass Opacities and consolidations, presence of subpleural sparing, crazy-paving and Atoll sign. In addition, presence of effusions and cavities were compared between the two groups. Time course of the opacities was compared. Results: Bilateral distribution of opacities was noted in 100% of COVID-19 with contusion and 87.5% of contusion only group. There was no significant difference between Ground Glass Opacities or consolidation shapes (P=0.44 and P=0.66). Both Ground Glass Opacities and consolidations were more diffusely distributed in COVID-19 with contusion, while a predominantly peripheral distribution was more commonly seen in the contusion only group (P=0.03 and P=0.01 respectively). Subpleural sparing was noted in 93.8% of contusion only as compared to 44% of CC group (p=0.04). Appearance resembling Atoll sign was noted in 12.5% of the contusion only groups and none of the COVID-19 with contusion group (P=0.01). Time to resolution was significantly longer in COVID-19 with contusion (15±6 days) comparing to contusion only patients (P=0.02). Conclusion: 'Typical' chest CT findings including bilateral peripheral Ground Glass Opacities and consolidations, also crazy-paving and Atoll signs, as well as less typical findings such as subpleural sparing is seen in both lung contusion and COVID-19 pneumonitis. Time course of the lesions might be a better radiologic discriminator between the two entities.
Calcium Channel TRPV6 is a Novel Regulator in RANKL-induced Osteoclastic Differentiation and Activity through the IGF–PI3K–AKT Pathway
Authors: Ma Jun , Zhu Lei , Zhou Zhibin , Song Tengfei , Yang Lei , Yan Xu , Chen Aimin , Ye TianWen 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Calcium ion signals are important for osteoclast differentiation. Transient receptor potential vanilloid 6 (TRPV6) is a novel regulator of bone homeostasis. However, it is unclear whether TRPV6 was involved in the process of osteoclast formation.Results: In the present study, we found that knockout of the TRPV6 gene induced osteoporosis in mice, and depletion of TRPV6 did not affect bone formation but significantly enhanced bone resorption. Further studies showed that TRPV6, distributed on the cell membrane of osteoclasts, was a negative regulator of osteoclast differentiation and function. Mechanistically, TRPV6 suppressed osteoclastogenesis by decreasing the production the IGF1R and AKT ligands to inhibit the IGF–PI3K–AKT signaling pathway. Blocking the IGF–PI3K–AKT pathway significantly reduced the effect of TRPV6 on osteoclasts.Conclusion: Our study confirmed the important role of TPRV6 in bone metabolism and clarified its regulatory role on osteoclasts at the cellular level, which may provide a new strategy for the treatment of osteoporosis.
Work environment-related factors and nurses’ health outcomes: A cross-sectional study in Lebanese hospitals
Authors: ELBEJJANI Martine , Ahad Mary Abed Al , SIMON Michael , AUSSERHOFER Dietmar , DUMIT Nuhad , HUIJER Huda ABU-SAAD , Dhaini Suzanne R 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Worldwide, studies show that work environment factors are related with increased health risks among nurses. However, it remains unclear how specific work-related factors relate to certain health outcomes and data investigating allocation of nursing tasks and detailed assessments of self-perceived workload are lacking. Data are particularly lacking for Lebanese nurses. We assessed the relationship of several work environment factors (overall workload and specific temporal, physical, mental, effort, frustration, and performance demands, staffing resources adequacy, leadership, teamwork climate, and allocation of nursing tasks per professional category) with the presence of health problems, including musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, skin, and mental health diseases and emotional exhaustion among Lebanese nurses.Methods:Data come from a cross-sectional self-report survey of 289 registered nurses (RNs) working in two university-affiliated hospitals in Lebanon. Adjusted multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess the relationship of work-environment factors with nurses’ health conditions.Results:The most prevalent outcomes were musculoskeletal disease (69%), emotional exhaustion (59%), and mental health problems (56%); we found high co-comorbidity levels with 70% of RNs having ≥2 and 35.29% having ≥4 co-occurring health problems. There was a widespread pattern of associations between work environment-related factors and musculoskeletal and mental/emotional health problems, with positive associations of higher overall workloads and temporal demands and negative associations of teamwork climate with both musculoskeletal ((OR=1.36 (95%CI=1.03, 1.80); 1.30 (95%CI=1.09, 1.55); 0.60 (95%CI=0.36, 0.98), respectively) and mental/emotional health problems (increased risk ranging from 22% to 88%). Higher physical demands and allocation of nursing tasks to the RNs were associated with higher odds of musculoskeletal disease (OR=1.20 (95%CI=1.03, 1.49); 1.11 (95%CI=1.01, 1.23)); more frustration and effort demands and lower performance satisfaction and resources adequacy were related to mental/emotional problems (OR=1.22 (95%CI=1.06, 1.41); 1.26 (95%CI=1.06, 1.49); 0.82 (95%CI=0.70, 09.97); 0.54 (95%CI=0.35, 0.82)). Work-environment factors were also related to a higher co-occurrence of health problems among nurses.Conclusions:Results highlight the value of a more comprehensive approach towards improving the work environment of Lebanese nurses (including improving team climate, different components of workload demands, resources, and the allocation of nursing tasks) which can simultaneously improve multiple health risks in this burdened population.