bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
REGULATION OF TILLERING IN WHEAT AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH GRAIN YIELD 1.CONTRIBUTION PERCENTAGES OF THE MAIN STEM AND PRIMARY TILLERING THE NUMBER OF SPIKES AND GRAIN YIELD
Authors: & Al- Hassan Mahmood 
Published: June 2020

A Factorial experiment was conducted at the experimental farm of Field Crop College of Agriculture University of Baghdad winter Season of 2014-2015. The study was aimed to investigate the effect of seeding rates and nitrogen levels on regulation of tillering in wheat and its relationship with grain yield and components. Treatments were distributed in the Factorial experiment within Randomized Complete Black Design with three replicates and four seeding rates 60,80,100 and 120 kg ha-1 and fertilized with four nitrogen levels 50,100,150 and 200 kgN.ha-1. The results showed that there were significant differences within two factors and their interaction on the number of spikes and grain yield. Main stem produced the highest number of Spike 210.00 spike.m-2, and grain yield 3.050 tan ha-1 compared to primary tillers (tiller1,tiller2,tiller3). Concerning the seeding rate 80 kg ha-1 resulted in the highest number of Spike.m-2 363 spike and Grain yield 4.775 tan.h-1 compared to other seed rates. The N level 150 kg ha-1 gave the highest number of spikes 382 spike and grain Yield 4.919 tan.h-1 compared to other N levels. The percentage of contribution main stem 50.82, 64.57 % respectively compared to the tillers (tiller1, tiller2, tiller3) which amounted to 32.55, 12.80 and 3.80 % respectively in the spikes number, and 26.02, 7.90 and 1.33 % respectively in grain yield. It could be conclude that the total contribution of the primary tillers percentages represents a half the total number of spikes within two factors of study, while the total contribution percentages of primary tillers is amounted to half the main stem contribution in the grain yield within two factors of study.
DETERMINANTS OF PRIVATE AGRICULTURAL INVESTMENT IN IRAQ FOR THE PERIOD (1990-2014)
Authors: & Hmzah Ahmad 
Published: June 2020

The agricultural sector is one of the important economic sectors which contribute to provide the food and raw materials that use into many industrial goods and create jobs. Moreover, it helps to reduce the imports of agricultural products and activate of growing the other manufacturing sectors. Even though, the agricultural is very important sector, but still weak and unworthy because the agriculture produce line is not flexible to aggregate demand; however, it needs to expansion in agricultural investment. Since the agricultural sector has characters which are quite different than other sectors which are effective on investor's decisions rely on the economic policy. The study aim to determine the impact of the GDP, interest rate, inflation, exchange rate and conception government expenditure on agricultural privet investment. The study used time series data from (1990-2014) with Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) as a model .The result showed the long run relationship between privet investment and its determents. The adjustment coefficient is negative and significant at 1%, and gross domestic product is positive impact on investment, while the impact of the other variables are negative in agricultural investment. The study recommends increasing the investment expenditure on scientific agricultural researches, especially, on the assets productivity of animals, seeds and plants; however, it has to consider the impact of some elements of fiscal and monetary policy which is needed to stimulate private agricultural investment.
EFFECT OF FOLIAR APPLICATION OF NITROGEN ON GRAIN YIELD AND IT'S COMPONENT IN SORGHUM
Authors: & et al. Abood 
Published: June 2020

This experiment was carried out at the experimental farm. College of Agriculture, Anbar University (in replace location Abu – Gharib), during the spring and autumn season of 2015. The main objective was to find out the effect of nitrogen concentration (0, 1.5, 3.0, and, 4.5) g.L -1 and three stages of foliar application (vegetative growth, booting and 25% flowering) on grain yield and it's major components of sorghum cv. Bohooth. 70 The layout of the experiment was a split plot in a randomized complete block design with three replications. nitrogen concentration were used as main plots, while stages of foliar of nitrogen were used as sub-plots. Results, showed that in both season addition of nitrogen at a conc more than 1.5 g.L -1 (3.0, 4.5) resulted in a significant increment in mean of plant height, leaf area grain weight. head -1, No. of grain .head -1, grain yield and biological yield. while weight of 1000 grain and harvest index were only significantly influenced in autumn seasons. In spring and autumn season highest grain yield (2.548, 4.111) t. ha -1 was obtained when plants sprayed with 4.5 g. L -1. the of increment in grain yield when N spray at conc (1.5, 3, 4.5) g.L-1 compare with control treatment (13.6%, 40.8%, 43.9%) and (17.47%, 42%, 54.8%) for spring and autumn season respectively. Foliar application of N at different stages of growth had only significant effect on plant height and leaf area in autumn season and biological yield in both season ,when foliar application at vegetative growth gave highest mean for these traits .
RESPONSE OF SEVERAL SORGHUM VARIETIES TO POTASSIUM FOLIAR.
Authors: & Salh Abood 
Published: June 2020

A field experiment was conducted at the fields of Agriculture College , Anbar University, (alternative site Abu Ghraib) during spring and fall seasons of 2017, to study the effect of soil and foliar application of potassium (140 kg.ha-1, 500, 1000 and 1500 mg-L-1) on growth and yield of three varieties of sorghum (Lelo, Inkath and Ishtar), The experiment was carried out according to the design of (R.C.B.D) and in order of the split arrangement with three replicates. Results shows, the cultivar Ishtar was superior in most studied characters such as plant height and leaf area ​​148.67, 152.25 cm, 5210, 4767 cm2.plant-1, in two seasons, respectively. The same cultivar gave the lowest number of days (from planting to 100% flowering), also it gave highest grain yield and highest harvest index which was 81.83 days and 4.93 ton.ha-1 and 25.15% respectively in spring season only. While the two varieties Lelo and Ishtar gave the lowest content of proline leaves (2.11 and 0.18 mg.gm-1) in spring and fall seasons respectively. The highest concentration of potassium (1000mg L-1) was superior in plant height, leaf area and grain yield (150.89, 155.78 cm, 5075, 4812 cm2 plant -1, 5.56, and 8.32 ton.ha-1) in two seasons respectively.
BIOLOGICAL GROWTH QUALITY OF CARASOBARBUS LUTEUS FROM EUPHRATES IN AL- MUTHANNA PROVINCE
Authors: Alasadiy Y. D. K. 
Published: June 2020

Results of current study represents the first investigation on age groups and growth of Carasobarbus luteus from two stations of the Euphrates in Al- Muthanna province, during the period from September 2017 to March 2018.A total of 155 samples were caught belonging this fish species . age group comprised five (II+-VI+) for males and six (II+-VII+) for females with dominant III + age group in both sexes. The annual increment in length was decreased with the increase in age group, while the annual increment in weight was the highest in the first year and increase with age, except for VI+ year for males. The regression coefficient (b) indicated that the growth modality of Carasobarbus luteus was Allometric in males and isometric in females. mean values of condition factor from 1.06699 (IV+) to 1.51979 (II+) in males and between 1.156865(VII+) to 1.558341(IV+) for females, statistical analysis showed significant differences(P≤0.05) between males and females in values of condition factor .Growth models of Von Bertalanffy were( L∞=30 cm, K=0.15, to= -0.213) for both sexes. The current study found that this fish does not reach large, ages and the female growth is better than male.
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEM ACCORDING TO THE SUGGESTED STANDARDS
Authors: & AL-DULAIMY AL-MHMDY 
Published: June 2020

A field experiment was conducted during autumn season 2017 at Al-Saqlawia, far about 50km north-west of Baghdad/Iraq, aimed to a periodic evaluation for drip irrigation system to obtain best values of the suggested standards. The experiment included two factors; first, emitters' discharge (d) at two levels using emitters with 4Lh-1 design discharge (d4) and emitters with 8Lh-1 design discharge (d8). While the second factor; operational pressure at three levels, first level, operational pressure 0.5 bar(P1), second, operational pressure 0.7 bar(P2), and the last, operational pressure 1.0 bar (P3), the experiment was designed according to randomized complete block design. The results showed a decrease in values of both uniformity coefficient and emission uniformity, while the rate of actual discharge and variation ratios have been increased with the increase of operational pressure and for both discharge, where the reduction ratios at uniformity coefficient reached 3.02%, 4.25%, while at emission uniformity 6.52%, 7.18%, then actual discharge ratios increased about 10.75%, 20.25%, while the discharge variation ratios increased to reach 389.36%, 490.48%; while at depending an emitter 8Lh-1 actual discharge, the reduction ratios at uniformity coefficient reached 1.33%, 2.64%, then at emission uniformity, they reached 3.91%, 2.85%, while actual discharge ratios increased to reach 11.73%, 21.44%, then the increase ratios of discharge variation were about 122%, 199.22% when comparing above values with the effect of operational pressure mentioned previously.
SUNN PEST SPECIES AND ITS HIBER NATION SITES IN DIYALA GOVERNORATE / IRAQ
Authors: & Al-Jorany Shblawy 
Published: June 2020

This study was conducted in Diyala governorate/Iraq during wintering period of the sunn pest from Dece. 2016 to Feb. 2017. Three species of sunn pest was diagnostic. These species are Eurygaster integriceps (Puoton, 1881), E. testudinaria (Geoffory, 1785) and E .maura (len.1758).E .maura was new species recorded to Iraq funna .E. integriceps is The most abundance of the three species hibernated in the fields of the four region of Diyala governorate. The results showed that the three species of genus Eurygaster which diagnostic in Diyala governorate were overwintered as an adults under bushes ,dead leaves, weed ,date palm leaf base .The heights total number of adults(68,56,51 and 44adults/5m2) was found under cogon grass(Imperata cylindrican L.), Bermuda grass(Cyndo dactylon L.),Grape tree(Vitis vinifera L.)and Eucalyptus tree(Eucalyptus spp.) respectively. Higher densities were recorded in Muqdadiyah (200), Balad rooz (193), Kalas (113) and decreased to( 65) adults in Khanakin. Found that the higher percentage for species E. integriceps then followed E. testudinaria finally the species E. maura in all region in Diyala governorate.
EFFECT OF SPRAYING WITH DIFFERENT CONCENTRATION OF LICORICE EXTRACT AND PLANT DENSITIES IN GROWTH AND YIELD OF SORGHUM BICOLOR L.
Authors: & Al-Ani Al-Mohmadi 
Published: June 2020

A field experiment was condueted at the experimental Farm, College of Agriculture University of AL-Anbar in replace location (Abu-Gheaib) in spring season of 2017. While in Fall season it was applied at AL-saqluwiya-Anbar Province 10 km west north of Falluga city to study the effect of four levels of licorice extractor (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) (0,2,4 and 6) g.L-1 water and three (53,333, 66,666 and 88,888 plant) plant.ha-1. On growth and grain yield of Sorghum cv. Rabih. The experiment was applied using R.C.B.D. arranged in split plots with three replications. levels of plant densities were used as main-plot, while licorice extractor were used as sub-plot. Foliar application of licorice extractor was applied during vegetative growth. The results showed that, high plant density (88888) plant.h-1 significantly increase plant height and leaf area index, while most of traits were not significantly influenced by plant density including grain yield. Results revealed that foliar application of licorice extractor with 2,4,6 g.L-1 of water significantly influenced grain yield in spring season compane with control treatment and it is amounted to (9.62, 9.55 and 9.78) t.h-1 respectively. There were significant interaction between Licorice extractor and plant density in spring and fall season in grain yield. The higher grain yield of 10.31 and 10.33 t.h-1 were obtained when sorghum plants were sowing at hight density and sprayed with Licorice extractor at level 4 g.L-1 respectively
IMPACT OF NANO NPK FERTILIZERS TO CORRELATION BETWEEN PRODUCTIVITY, QUALITY AND FLAG LEAF OF SOME BREAD WHEAT VARIETIES
Authors: & AL-Hassan Burhan 
Published: June 2020

This research was carried out at the fields of Field Crops Dept. Coll. of Agric. Univ. of Baghdad, during the season 2017-2018, to investigate the effect of Nano fertilizer NPK (Fn1, Fn2, Fn3: spraying with the liquid fertilizer 20%-9%-10% with 15% concentration of the levels 750:90:600, 500: 60: 400 and 250: 30: 200 mg L-1 and Fgn1, Fgn2, Fgn3: spraying the liquid fertilizer at 7.50% concentration of the same levels plus 50% of the soil Fertilizer) on flag leaf area, grain yield and some of the quality traits of three wheat varieties. Using randomized complete block design with split plot arrange with three replications. The results showed increases in grains yield (48.99%), protein percentage (27.24%), gluten ratio in flour (58.45%) and flag leaf area (38.69%), its dry weight (41.89%) , total chlorophyll content (18.33%), nitrogen (19.37%), phosphorus (44.11%) and potassium (12.03%) when fertilized with Fn1 treatment compared with the control treatment (Fg: soil Fertilizer 184 N, 39.56 P, 41.50 K kg ha-1). The Fgn1 and Fgn2 treatments gave increase in the specific weight of flag leaf at 31.38 and 11.44% respectively, also the Fgn1 and Fgn2 treatments increase in grain carbohydrate content at 15.00 and 10.55 % respectively compared with Fg treatment. Arrangement of the Fertilizers treatments in their general progressively positive effects on growth, yield and quality parameters was Fn1>Fgn1>Fn2>Fgn2> Fn3>Fgn3>Fg. The Bhoth-158 variety gave the highest grains yield (5.25 tons ha-1) with increase ratios 13.14 and 23.82% compared with Uruq and IPA-99 varieties. The IPA-99 was superior in its flour content of highest ratio of the dry gluten (16.99%). The Bhoth-158 variety showed positive response to Nano Fertilizers treatments especially the Fn1 treatment followed by IPA-99 variety. There was highly significant correlation between total grains yield and each of the flag leaf area, its dry weight and chlorophyll content, its time staying active and content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.
EFFECT OF TOPPING AND PLANT DENSITIES ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF COTTON.
Authors: & Al-Naqeeb Hasab 
Published: June 2020

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of topping and plant densities on growth and yield of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) .A field experiment was conducted at the research station of Field Crop Department- College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences - University of Baghdad,during two summer seasons (2016 and 2017).This study included two factors using Ranndomiled Complele Block Design within split plot arrangement .The first factor, regulate growth through foliar with the growth retardants (pix) at the beginning of flower buds appearance , foliar at the beginning of The flower appearance and growing tips topping at the beginning of flower buds appearance and tip topping at the beginning of flower appearance and control (without topping). These treatments occupied the main plots .The second factor was the number of plants in hill (1,2 and 3 plant hill-1),which occupied the sub plots. The results indicated significant differences among regulate growth traetment in most studied characters, P2 was exceeded by producing the highest number of branches and number of open bolls .This causes to increase plant yield , which reach 23.78 and 22.86 g plant-1 and seed cotton yield giving2124.8 and 1972.3 kg ha-1, whereas treatment T4 had the highest average in dry weight, lint length and lint fineness. The treatment 1 plant hill-1 was exceeded by producing the highest plant height, number of sympodia, leaf area, dry weight, boll weight and the number of open bolls which reflected on increasing plant yield by (32.63 and 34.58) g plant-1 and lint fineness by (4.66 and 4.72) micronear for both seasons respectively . The results indicated a significant interaction between regulate growth treatments and number of plants per hill in some studied characters. This indicate that the responce of cotton topping differed due to plant densities,with topping.
EFFECT OF IRRIGATION WATER SALINITY AND TILLAGE SYSTEMS ON SOME PHYSICAL SOIL PROPERTIES
Authors: & et al. Hassan 
Published: June 2020

The current study investigated the effect of water quality (the salinity of the irrigation water) and Tillage system on some soil physical properties. The experiment was carried out using RCBD with three replicates. wheat was irrigated by three water sources, a river ,dranege and well waters with electrical conductivities 1.3, 3.5 and 6.9 ds.m-1 respectively and three tillage systems were zero tillage (ZT), conventional tillage (CT) and deep tillage (DT). After harvest, some soil physical properties were evaluated including: bulk density, porosity, penetration resistance, hydraulic conductivity and mean weight diameter. The result showed that the bulk density values were 1.40, 1.44 and 1.47 mg.m-3 for river, derange and well water. while the porosity values were 47.3%, 45.8% and 43.8%. for river, derange and well water. while the hydraulic conductivity were 5.13, 4.26 and 4.36 cm.h-1for river , derange and well water. also the result showed that the bulk density values were 1.48, 1.44 and 1.38 mg.m-3 for ZT, CT and DT respectively. while the porosity values were 44.3, 45.7 and 47.8% for ZT, CT and DT respectively. But for the interactions for electrical conductivity with tillage The result showed that the bulk density values were 1.50 mg.m-3 for well water with ZT but decrees value it become 1.34 mg.m-3 for river water with DT. The best type of tillage was conventional tillage as it has the ability to improve properties of soil as well as it helps to reduce.
EVALUATION MANAGEMENT BROILER PRODUCTION PROJECTS AT BAGHDAD PROVINCE USING MANAGEMENT CRITERIA
Authors: & Faeq Ali , & Faeq Ali 
Published: June 2020

This research aims were to evaluate management of broiler production projects in Baghdad province via using the criteria of management, included production index and economic figure (PI and EF) that specified to those projects. in addition to criteria of economic efficiency also applied (INME) index number of management efficiency, in order to the research requirements, data were obtained based on a questionnaire prepared for this purpose, which was collected by personal interview of (60) projects of the broiler production projects from (516) projects representing 11.6% of the research community in Baghdad province in 2016. The results show that mean of PI and EF was (338). The increase in these two criteria is generally due to control of management procedures, while 48% of the sample projects according to the INME index gave values higher than 100. This reflects the effect of the high level of management efficiency on FCR and consequently on the level of production of meat broiler. The results were also shown in accordance with the economic and financial criteria used in the evaluation of meat broiler projects. All the categories of projects achieved positive returns. The research concluded that the sample projects are economically merit, with the benefit cost ratio (1.5). Also the broiler projects rely little on the permanent work represented by the number of administrators. This is confirmed by the low percentage of fixed costs, The research recommends to adoption of modern administrative, production and technical methods to manage the production of broiler projects and to encourage investment in such of these projects because of their economic efficiency and featured in the short cycle of capital.
Gangliocitoma displásico del cerebelo (Enfermedad de Lhermitte-Duclos) asociado a Síndrome de Cowden
Authors: Gramajo Marisol , Parada-Roesch Pedro 
Published: June 2020

El gangliocitoma displásico del cerebelo, conocido como enfermedad de Lhermitte-Duclos, se presenta en la tercera o cuarta década de la vida, sin predilección de sexo, no es claro si la condición representa disembriogénesis cerebelosa, un hamartoma o una neoplasia, pero clínicamente se presenta como un proceso expansivo en la fosa posterior, de lento crecimiento y patogenia desconocida. Se presenta caso de mujer de 31 años como hallazgo incidental de tumor cerebeloso.
Tuberculomas cerebrales simulando enfermedad metastásica
Authors: Gramajo Marisol , López Cervantes María Ximena 
Published: June 2020

La tuberculosis es la principal causa de muerte debido a un agente infeccioso en el mundo, la afección del sistema nervioso central representa aproximadamente el 1% de todos los casos extrapulmonares. Provoca más de dos millones de muertes anuales y el 98% de estos casos ocurren en países en vías de desarrollo. Su presentación puede ser atípica, lo que conlleva al diagnóstico tardío y en ocasiones erróneo, principalmente en pacientes inmunocompetentes sin ningún otro factor de riesgo aparente, donde la demora diagnóstica es cuatro veces mayor que en inmunocomprometidos, el diagnostico lo constituye la alta sospecha clínica, apoyados por el estudio de líquido cefalorraquídeo y de imágenes, un tratamiento pronto y oportuno contribuye significativamente en el desenlace del paciente.
A continuación, se presenta el caso de una paciente femenina de 42 años de edad inmunocompetente, quien tuvo una presentación insidiosa, lo cual demoró su diagnóstico.
importancia de la autopsia en epidemias
Authors: Argueta Sandoval Victor Leonel 
Published: June 2020

Está irrefutablemente documentado que la autopsia ha servido como garantía de calidad en la práctica de la medicina. A pesar de las múltiples avances tecnológicos en los estudios clínicos, el margen de error diagnóstico, comparado con el diagnóstico de la autopsia, es muy alto, aún en los países desarrollados. Por eso consideramos que debe privilegiarse el estudio postmortem, para que la medicina suba su calidad y cuente con tratamientos más efectivos, al tener hallazgos objetivos de la fisiopatología de las enfermedades, especialmente en muertes por causas desconocidas.
En el momento actual de la pandemia Covid-19, algunos países han tomado la decisión de no permitir las autopsias, lo cual limita investigar adecuadamente la fisiopatología de la enfermedad y procurar adecuados tratamientos. Está demostrado que las autopsias permiten conocer la causa exacta de la muerte en un alto porcentaje de casos y que en epidemias, es una herramienta que puede facilitar mejores diagnósticos y tratamientos, lo que puede contribuir a disminuir los daños de la enfermedad.