bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of common variants in the CNR2 gene and its interaction with abdominal obesity for osteoporosis susceptibility in Chinese post-menopausal females
Authors: Zheng W. , Liu C. , Lei M. , Han Y. , Zhou X. , Li C. , Sun S. , Ma X. 
Published: November 2019

Objectives The objective of this study was to investigate the association of four single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the cannabinoid receptor 2 (CNR2) gene, gene-obesity interaction, and haplotype combination with osteoporosis (OP) susceptibility. Methods Chinese patients with OP were recruited between March 2011 and December 2015 from our hospital. In this study, a total of 1267 post-menopausal female patients (631 OP patients and 636 control patients) were selected. The mean age of all subjects was 69.2 years (sd 15.8). A generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction (GMDR) model and logistic regression model were used to examine the interaction between SNP and obesity on OP. For OP patient-control haplotype analyses, the SHEsis online haplotype analysis software ( http://analysis.bio-x.cn/ ) was employed. Results The logistic regression model revealed that the C allele of rs2501431 and the G allele of rs3003336 were associated with increased OP risk, compared with those with wild genotype. However, no significant correlations were found when analyzing the association of rs4237 and rs2229579 with OP risk. The GMDR analysis suggested that the interaction model composed of two factors, rs3003336 and abdominal obesity (AO), was the best model with statistical significance (p-value from sign test (Psign) = 0.012), indicating a potential gene-environment interaction between rs3003336 and AO. Overall, the two-locus models had a cross-validation consistency of 10/10 and had a testing accuracy of 0.641. Abdominally obese subjects with the AG or GG genotype have the highest OP risk, compared with subjects with the AA genotype and normal waist circumference (WC) (odds ratio (OR) 2.23, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.54 to 3.51). Haplotype analysis also indicated that the haplotype containing the rs3003336-G and rs2501431-C alleles was associated with a statistically increased OP risk. Conclusion Our results suggested that the C allele of rs2501431 and the G allele of rs3003336 of the CNR2 gene, interaction between rs3003336 and AO, and the haplotype containing the rs3003336-G and rs2501431-C alleles were all associated with increased OP risk. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2019;8:544–549.
Nuevos rumbos del comparatismo: literatura comparada y literatura–mundo
Authors: Coutinho Eduardo 
Published: November 2019

Desde su configuración y consolidación como disciplina académica, en la segunda mitad del siglo XIX, la Literatura Comparada ha pasado por significativas transformaciones, y hoy día, lejos de atenerse a los estudios de carácter binario entre autores, obras o movimientos literarios o al canon de la tradición occidental, la disciplina se encuentra abierta a todo tipo de expresión literaria y cultural y receptiva a otras áreas del conocimiento, caracterizándose como un verdadero diálogo de culturas. Entre los cambios por los que ha pasado el comparatismo, destacamos en este ensayo la importancia que pasó a ser dada a la circulación de la obra literaria, marcada por una mayor receptividad respecto al estudio de obras en traducción y por el énfasis sobre su contexto de recepción, y que ha dado origen a toda una línea de investigación del comparatismo que se designó «literatura–mundo». En este texto haremos una reflexión sobre esas transformaciones por las que ha pasado el comparatismo y procuraremos mostrar que, lejos de estar debilitada, la disciplina se encuentra en plena revitalización.
Lina Beck–Bernard y Domingo Faustino Sarmiento en el punto de tangencia
Authors: Ferraris Maria Luisa 
Published: November 2019

Este artículo intenta presentar las coincidencias ideológicas y literarias de dos protagonistas de la historia argentina en la segunda mitad del siglo XIX: Domingo Faustino Sarmiento y Lina Beck–Bernard, durante los comienzos del fenómeno de la inmigración masiva en nuestro territorio. A través deun estudio comparado se realiza la aproximación a las ideas y discursos narrativos en dos obras literarias de ambos autores, Facundo y El río Paraná. Cinco Años en la Confederación Argentina, enfocando particularmente las ideas de civilización y barbarie, el tema del indio y el tratamiento literario de lasdescripciones del entorno social y del paisaje. A pesar de pertenecer a mundos culturales diferentes y de haber tenido un origen muy distinto uno del otro, de las lecturas de las obras de Sarmiento y Lina Beck–Bernard se puede establecer un patrón común de teorías sociológicas que responde, no sóloal ideario subjetivo, sino también a los cánones en boga a mediados y en la segunda mitad del siglo XIX. Por último, y considerando que sus historias personales coinciden en tiempo y espacio en la ciudad de Santa Fe, en los días de la Convención que realiza la primera reforma a la Constituciónde 1853, se especula acerca del posible y probable encuentro de ambos en esa circunstancia histórica (1860), utilizando ciertos indicios documentales y bibliográficos.
Paul Celan a través de textos de Píndaro y de Hölderlin. Trabajar las lenguas o traducción y reescritura
Authors: Echagüe Hugo 
Published: November 2019

Los problemas de lectura e interpretación de los textos de Paul Celan en su relación con la historia y, especialmente, con el Holocausto, nos llevan a proponer esta tarea en la que confluyen las dimensiones de la traducción y de la interpretación (Romano–Sued 2007, Steiner 1975) con la reescritura que Celan efectúa de textos de autores alemanes utilizados por el régimen nazi. Postulamos el desciframiento de la conexión entre una versión de Hölderlin de un fragmento de Píndaro («Das Höchste») con la torsión que le imprime Celan en «Ich trink Wein aus zwei Gläsern» (GW III, 108), lo que incluye el esclarecimiento del poema celaniano y la intención con que lleva a cabo esta versión de la traducción de Hölderlin. Esto nos llevará a ocuparnos de cuestiones vinculadas con la transposición a otra lengua, desde la premisa de que siempre lleva implícita una interpretación. Todo este conjunto de problemas en el marco de un diálogo en conflicto nos permitirá acercarnos a la posición que estos autores ocupan en relación con sus textos y el mundo en que se inscriben.
El mediador insomne: Fredi Guthmann en Asia y las Islas del Pacífico
Authors: Gasquet Axel 
Published: November 2019

Este trabajo intenta capturar el legado de la vida y obra Fredi Ghutmann (1911–1995), notable poeta y aventurero franco–argentino que viajó y vivió extensamente en varios países de Asia y el Pacífico. Su inconformismo intelectual y su temperamento rebelde, lo condujeron a desarrollar una obrafragmentada, sugestiva y lúcida, que dejó profundas marcas en grandes escritores del siglo XX, como Benjamin Fondane o Julio Cortázar. Examinamos aquí los dispersos testimonios de su obra póstuma, contenidos en cuatro ediciones que reúnen sus poemas, correspondencia y álbumes fotográficos.
Studi Laboratorium Pembuatan Demulsifier dari Minyak Kelapa dan Lemon untuk Minyak Kelapa dan Lemon untuk Minyak Bumi pada Lapangan x di Provinsi Riau
Authors: Erfando Tomi , Khalid Idham , Safitri Retno 
Published: November 2019

Demulsifier digunakan untuk mengatasi masalah emulsi minyak mentah pada saat produksi. Artikel ini memuat uji laboratorium demulsifier lokal dari minyak kelapa dan lemon dibandingkan demulsifier komersil. Parameter yang diperiksa adalah nilai pemisahan emulsi, pengaruh parameter pengujian terhadap pemisahan air secara statistik, dan water quality hasil demulsifikasi dengan uji TDS (Total Dissolved Solid) dan pH. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode saponifikasi dalam pembuatan demulsifier dan pengujian demulsifier menggunakan metode bottle test. Variasi temperatur adalah 400C, 500, 600C, 700C, dan 800C dengan konsentrasi 1ml, 3ml, dan 5 ml. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa demulsifier lokal mampu memecah emulsi di seluruh temperatur pengujian. Pemisahan tertinggi terjadi pada temperatur 600C,700C, dan 800C dengan konsentrasi optimal 3ml dan 5 ml dan hasil pemisahan sebesar 32 ml dan 33 ml. Di sisi lain demulsifier komersil pada temperatur 400C dan konsentrasi 5ml gagal memecah emulsi. Pengaruh temperatur dan konsentrasi terhadap pemisahan air secara berurut sebesar 42,5 % dan 2,7%. Water quality yang baik hasil demulsifikasi terjadi pada pengujian sampel demulsifier lokal 2 dengan TDS 244 ppm dan pH 6,99.
Basque gastronomic tourism: Creating value for Euskara through the materiality of language and drink
Authors: Lesh Kerri N. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This article examines the recent growth of culinary tourism in the Basque Country (Hegoalde or Southern Basque Country), and how its effects have shaped the use of Euskara (the Basque language) and multilingual practices through concepts of materiality. Derived from my research, which looks at how Euskara is used to promote gastronomic products, this analysis relies upon the two concepts of geosemiotics and language materiality to reveal how materiality influences value and language use in touristic settings. We can analyze language as it is materially placed in the world by studying the physical substances on which an inscription is made. This materiality also exists as part of a stratigraphy of non-neutral forms that include a wide range of presentations that influence how we interact with text, while also providing a lens through which consumption and material culture studies emerge. Derived from interviews, the examination of beverage labels, and observations of the linguistic landscape, the findings of this research illustrate how Euskara is used – despite some producers’ reluctance – alongside more dominant languages as culinary tourism increases. In doing so, it highlights emergent opposing reactions to tourism that express concern for the changing social, economic, linguistic, and political environment. Through the examples illustrated, the materiality of Euskara can increase the value of both the language and marketed products. However, the added or even decreased value of a language is contingent on the physical and social landscape in which gastronomy is promoted. By developing ideas of how and where language materiality, commodification, and value are produced, advocates of minoritized languages such as Euskara can better strategize the promotion of their gastronomic and tourist sectors without losing the cultural and linguistic identity that contributes to these sectors’ value.
Numerical Study of Flow and Heat Transfer with ZnO-Water Nanofluid in Flattened Tubes
Authors: Lee Mark Wing Tsan , Perumal Kumar 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe usage of nanofluids and modification of tube geometry are the two most prominent heat transfer enhancement methods employed to improve the performance of thermal devices. In this work, the combined effect of these methods has been studied by CFD modelling of developing and Graetz laminar flow in flattened tubes with ZnO – water nanofluid. For the purpose of comparison, simulation with water and circular tube has also been carried out. Performance evaluation has been done using PEC, PER and entropy generation. Results reveal that tube flattening has more pronounced effect on both heat transfer and flow compared to that of nanofluid. An optimum tube flattening in terms of aspect ratio and nanofluid concentration has also been identified for this kind of flow. Flattened tube with aspect ratio 6 with 1 % ZnO-water nanofluid has been found to yield the highest entropy generation reduction of 13.24 %
Application of organization goal-oriented requirement engineering (OGORE) methods in erp-based company business processes
Authors: Gaol Ford Lumban , Danny Jonathan , Matsuo Tokuro 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The implementation of an information system that supports company goals is the main strategy of an organization. But aligning business strategies with information system(IS) and information technology(IT) is not as easy as it seems, because there are several gaps of strategies between upper level and practical level. Often the focus in system development is only on the architecture of the future system, even though the study says that the engineering model of needs is the most important thing in the process of developing the company’s system. PT. SBS is a distributor and supplier company. Along with the development of its business, business processes also become more complex. The information system that was originally felt to be sufficient is considered to be no longer optimal so that it often results in delays in delivery with a fairly large percentage. Therefore, an Enterprise Resources Planning(ERP) system will be developed but it must be ensured that the business processes used are oriented towards organizational goals. The purpose of this study is to introduce and explain the stages of the Organization Goal-Oriented Requirement Engineering (OGORE) method as a requirement engineering method in a company’s business processes that focuses on organizational goals. The research method was done by collecting business process data and defining key performance indicators(KPIs) in a small discussion group with stakeholders in the company. The results of this method were Goal Tree Model (GTM) diagrams which was then used as a reference in describing new business processes and in preparing the requirements specification documents. The conclusion obtained that the stages of the OGORE method are able to eliminate needs according to the organization’s goals. It is also recommended to use the OGORE method as one of the requirements management steps in the Enterprise Architecture method to create new method as an agenda for the future.
Insights on the Greenberg-Sanches-Slobin generalization: Quantitative typological data on classifiers and plural markers
Authors: Tang Marc , Her One-Soon 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis paper offers quantitative typological data to investigate a revised version of the Greenberg-Sanches-Slobin generalization (GSSG), which states that (a) a language is unlikely to have both sortal classifiers and morphosyntactic plural markers, and (b) if a language does have both, then their use is in complementary distribution. Morphosyntactic plurals engage in grammatical agreement outside the noun phrase, while morphosemantic plurals that relate to collective and associative marking do not. A database of 400 phylogenetically and geographically weighted languages was created to test this generalization. The statistical test of conditional inference trees was applied to investigate the effect of areal, phylogenetic, and linguistic factors on the distribution of classifiers and morphosyntactic plural markers. The results show that the presence of classifiers is affected by areal factors as most classifier languages are concentrated in Asia. Yet, the low ratio of languages with both features simultaneously is still statistically significant. Part (a) of the GSSG can thus be seen as a statistical universal. We then look into the few languages that do have both features and tentatively conclude that part (b) also seems to hold but further investigation into some of these languages is needed.
Gender in Ninilchik Russian: A morphosyntactic account
Authors: Steriopolo Olga 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis work presents a first morphosyntactic account of the category gender in Ninilchik Russian, a highly-endangered dialect of Russian, within the framework of Distributed Morphology. Furthermore, it compares gender in Ninilchik Russian with that of Contemporary Standard Russian. I show that, unlike Standard Russian, Ninilchik nouns have no grammatical gender features on the nominal head. Masculine is the default grammatical gender. Human nouns, however, can be assigned feminine gender through the context, which is determined by the natural gender (sex) of the referent. The investigation is multi-disciplinary. The anticipated results will be of interest to theoretical linguists, language typologists, language-area specialists, and language educators. Since Ninilchik Russian is on the verge of extinction, the findings will also be relevant to the fields of education and endangered language documentation, maintenance, and revitalization.
Resumptive elements in Spanish relative clauses and processing difficulties: A multifactorial analysis
Authors: Checa-Garcia Irene 
Published: November 2019

AbstractSpanish relative clauses, as in other languages, can contain a resumptive pronoun or other resumptive element. This study attempts to explain what factors favor the presence of such resumptive elements in the production of Spanish relative clauses. In order to do so, 1237 relatives clauses were extracted from an oral corpus of Peninsular Spanish conversations. A total of 18 factors, some new and some known from previous studies, pertaining to semantic and syntactic processing difficulties, were coded as potentially influencing the choice of a resumptive pronoun. Multivariate analysis (conditional tree and random forest) was then used to determine the significant factors and the most explicative minimal model. The results suggest that the conditions with the most impact are related to difficulties in determining the function of the relativizer. A discussion follows about how these difficulties relate to the different factors studied and how they could be due to a looser relationship between the clauses involved.
From Wedge Issue to Partisan Divide: The Development of Immigration Policy Opinion after 2016
Authors: Gimpel James G. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
President Trump won an Electoral College majority in 2016 bolstered by voters who supported him, but not the previous nominee, Mitt Romney. Evidence suggests that a campaign promising a more restrictive immigration policy was the key to this improved performance among cross-pressured voters. In the months since inauguration day 2017, however, voters did not remain unaware of the administration’s programmatic steps on immigration and the opposition they encountered. I interpret evidence from a panel survey to suggest that voters gained knowledge about immigration policy after 2016, and began to align their policy views with the positions of their favored political parties. Inasmuch as voters’ policy positions become identical with their party preference, the potential for immigration policy to again act as a wedge issue in 2020 is greatly reduced. President Trump’s 2020 campaign may be able to mobilize more base voters given this increase in policy-party congruence but he may not be as successful as in 2016 in attracting crossover voters.
Variable secondary porosity modeling of carbonate rocks based on μ-CT images
Authors: Nie Xin , Zhang Chi , Wang Chenchen , Nie Shichang , Zhang Jie , Zhang Chaomo 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
As an essential carbonate reservoir parameter, porosity is closely related to rock properties. Digital rock physics (DRP) technology can help us to build forward models and find out the relationship between porosity and physical properties. In order to prepare models for the rock physical simulations of carbonate rocks, digital rock models with different porosities and fractures are needed. Based on a three-dimensional carbonate digital rock image obtained by X-ray microtomography (μ-CT), we used erosion and dilation in mathematical morphology to modify the pores, and fractional Brownian motion model (FBM) to create fractures with different width and angles. The pores become larger after the erosion operation and become smaller after the dilation operation. Therefore, a series of models with different porosities are obtained. From the analysis of the rock models, we found out that the erosion operation is similar to the corrosion process in carbonate rocks. The dilation operation can be used to restore the matrix of the late stages. In both processes, the pore numbers decrease because of the pore surface area decreases. The porosity-permeability relation of the models is a power exponential function similar to the experimental results. The structuring element B’s radius can affect the operation results. The FBM fracturing method has been proved reliable in sandstones, and because it is based on mathematics, the usage of it can also be workable in carbonate rocks. We can also use the processes and workflows introduced in this paper in carbonate digital rocks reconstructed in other ways. The models we built in this research lay the foundation of the next step physical simulations.
Language use and intergenerational transmission of heritage Veneto in the rural area of Santa Teresa, Brazil
Authors: Loriato Sarah 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This article examines the current sociolinguistic situation of Veneto in Santa Teresa, a small municipality located in the highlands of the state of Espirito Santo, in Southeastern Brazil. Santa Teresa was founded in 1874 by a group of about 300 Italian immigrants from Veneto-speaking towns in Northern Italy. The study is based on a survey conducted in 2016, which compares three distinct age groups of descendants of Veneto heritage residing in the rural area of Santa Teresa by examining self-rated language abilities in both Veneto and Portuguese, language use, and attitudes. The 98 informants that participated in this study belong to the third, fourth, fifth, and sixth generations of Veneto descendants. At the conclusion of this preliminary study, the results of the self-evaluations show that Veneto continues to be spoken and used at home, at work, and with neighbors and friends by respondents of all of these generations, which means that the rural community of Santa Teresa surpassed the typical three-generation shift to the majority language observed in heritage language families in the United States. However, findings also indicate that language shift towards Portuguese is taking place in Santa Teresa, and that the heritage language runs the risk of disappearing in the near future if nothing is done to stop the ongoing language shift.
Gorsleben – Leimbach – Westgreußen. Zur Chronologie und kulturellen Einbindung der Przeworsk-Kultur in Thüringen
Authors: Knechtel Robert , Meyer Michael , Rauchfuß Björn , Seidel Mathias 
Published: November 2019

Zusammenfassung
Funde der Przeworsk-Kultur in ihrem sekundären Verbreitungsgebiet werden seit der erstmaligen Entdeckung als Hinweise auf eine Wanderungsbewegung aus Polen nach Westen gedeutet. In drei Regionen finden sich kleine Gräberfelder, auf denen sich Przeworsk-Keramik in Kombination mit Brandgrubenbestattungen nachweisen lassen und somit die Ansiedlung von Trägern der Przeworsk-Kultur in sog. kulturellen Inseln indizieren. In einer dieser Regionen wurden drei Siedlungen großflächig ausgegraben, die zur Zeit im Rahmen eines Kooperationsprojekts ausgewertet werden. Für die drei Plätze wurde eine gemeinsame Keramikklassifikation definiert, die als Grundlage einer übergreifenden statistischen Auswertung des Fundmaterials dient und dadurch eine vergleichende Bewertung der Siedlungen auf einer völlig neuen Ebene ermöglicht: Es werden Unterschiede in der Entwicklung jeder Siedlung sowie die Beziehungen zwischen lokal tradiertem Fundgut und Przeworsk-Keramik deutlich fassbar.