bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proteomic Analysis of Rhesus Macaque Brain Explants Infected With Borrelia Burgdorferi Identifies Host&nbsp;GAP-43 As A Potential Factor Associated With Lyme Neuroborreliosis
Authors: Li Lianbao , Luo Lisha , Chen Taigui , Cao Wenjing , Xu Xin , Zhang Yu , Yue Peng , Fan Yuxin , Chen Jingjing , Liu Meixiao , Ma Mingbiao , Tao Lvyan , Peng Yun , Dong Yan , Li Bingxue , Luo Suyi , Kong Jing , Zhou Guozhong , Wen Shiyuan , Liu Aihua , Bao Fukai 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Lyme neuroborreliosis (LNB) is one of the most dangerous manifestations of Lyme disease, but the pathogenesis and inflammatory mechanisms are not fully understood.Methods: Cultured explants from the frontal cortex of rhesus monkey brain (n=3) were treated with live Borrelia burgdorferi (Bb) or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) for 6, 12, and 24 h. Total protein was collected for sequencing and bioinformatics analysis. Changes in protein expression in the explants over time following Bb infection were screened.Results: We identified 1237 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs; fold change ≥1.5 or ≤0.67, P-value ≤0.05). One of these, growth-associated protein 43 (GAP-43), was highly expressed at all time points in the explants. The results of the protein-protein interaction network analysis of DEPs suggested that GAP-43 plays a role in the neuroinflammation associated with LNB. In HMC3 cells incubated with live Bb or PBS for 6, 12, and 24 h, real-time PCR and western blot analyses confirmed the upregulation of GAP-43 mRNA and protein, respectively.Conclusions: Elevated GAP-43 expression is a potential marker for LNB that may be useful for diagnosis or treatment.
ANTXR1&nbsp;Facilitates Tumor Growth in Glioma via Deactivating MAPK Signaling Pathway
Authors: Liang Aijun , Zhou Chaoyang , Zhang Jianzhong , Leng Jingxing , Xi Bin , Zhou Bin , Yang Yu , Zhu Ronglan , Zhong Liangchen , Jiang Xingxing , Wan Dengfeng 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Gliomas are commonly known as primary brain tumors and associated with frequent recurrence and an unsatisfactory prognosis in despite of extensive research in the underlying molecular mechanisms. In this study, we aimed to examine the role of ANTXR1 in glioma tumorigenesis and explore its downstream regulatory mechanism. Methods: We detected overexpression of ANTXR1 in glioma cell lines (SHG-44 and U251) in comparison with those in normal brain tissues.Result: Glioma cell growth and migratory ability were dramatically impaired as a result of silencing ANTXR1 by shANTXR1 lentivirus. ANTXR1 blockade also accelerated cell apoptosis since ANTXR1 held back apoptosis via targeting G2 phrase during cell mitosis. In vivo xenograft models verified in vitro findings above that the solid tumors stripped from mice were much lighter and smaller after depletion of ANTXR1 than controls. We also mechanically probed the downstream pathways and disclosed that overexpression of ANTXR1 abrogated the levels of MAKP9 and apoptisis-related protein HTRA2, but augmenting CCND1 and CDK6 levels in glioma cells. Our findings allow us to demonstrate that ANTXR1 acts as a tumor promoter in glioma induction through attenuating MAPK9-mediated gene transcription and HTRA2-induced apoptisis but intensifying CCND1-mediated proliferation. Conclusion: Together, we declare that ANTXR1 plays an indispensable role in glioma tumorigenesis via deactivating MAPK signaling and apoptosis pathway but activating PI3K/AKT-mediated cell growth. Our study provide a valuable clue to targeting ANTXR1 as a molecular target and a promising anticancer agent in glioma clinical therapeutics.
The Prediction of Sperm Chromatin Structure Assay (SCSA) Parameters for Outcomes of Intrauterine Insemination
Authors: Gao Jiangman , Yan Liying , Huang Ying , Jiang Hui , Wang Yuanyuan , Qiao Jie 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Many studies have assessed the association between sperm DNA fragmentation and outcomes of ART. But the published papers have not offered enough evidence about whether sperm DNA fragmentation tests could make suggestions to predict intrauterine insemination (IUI) outcomes. The aim of this study was to assess whether the sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA) parameters, sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI) and high DNA stainability (HDS), could be used as predictors for treatment outcomes in IUI program.Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted at a large reproductive medicine center. 1139 IUI cycles from 1139 couples were studied. The association of SCSA parameters with the clinical pregnancy and early pregnancy loss after IUI were analyzed. Results: Clinical pregnancy rate per cycle in DFI<15%, 15%≤DFI<30%, and DFI≥30% groups were 11.1%, 7.3%, and 8.9%, respectively, with no statistical differences between the groups (P=0.127). Pregnancy loss rate were 24.3%, 27.6%, and 14.3%, respectively, with no statistical differences (P=0.762). Clinical pregnancy rate per cycle in HDS≤15% and HDS>15% groups were 9.8% and 7.5%, respectively, with no significant difference (P=0.468), and the pregnancy loss rate were 26.2% and 0, respectively, and also no statistical difference (P=0.191). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed a higher rate of clinical pregnancy in couples with a younger female (OR=0.90, 95% CI: 0.83-0.97, P=0.007), and in couples with a male who had higher sperm concentration after washing (OR=1.02, 95% CI: 1.00-1.04, P=0.035). A higher risk of pregnancy loss was observed with increased female age (OR= 1.43, 95% CI:1.09-1.89, P=0.010) and lower sperm concentration after washing (OR= 0.92, 95% CI: 0.84-0.99, P= 0.029). Conclusions: Sperm DFI and HDS were not significantly correlated with clinical pregnancy and pregnancy loss in cycles of IUI. Female age and motile sperm concentration had statistically significant effects on both clinical pregnancy and pregnancy loss after IUI treatment.
Investigation of The Effects of Biodiesel Produced from Crambe Abyssinica Plant Using KOH and NaOH Catalyst on Combustion, Engine Performance and Exhaust Emissions
Authors: Uyaroğlu Ayhan , KOCAKULAK Tolga , Aydoğan Bilal 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In this study, biodiesel fuel produced from crambe abyssinica plant using KOH and NaOH catalysts was mixed with standard diesel fuel and the effects on engine performance, combustion and emission were experimentally investigated. During the experiment, in-cylinder pressure data were specified for each test fuel and engine load. In addition, measurements of HC, NOx, CO and smoke emissions were carried out. With the obtained experimental data, parameters such as heat release rate, combustion stages, thermal efficiency, indicated mean effective pressure (imep), ignition delay, ringing intensity and specific fuel consumptions were calculated and evaluated in MATLAB/Simulink environment. It was concluded that the highest thermal efficiency values were achieved with CAKB25 mixed fuel under all engine load conditions. It has been determined that using crambe abyssinica KOH catalyst (CAK) and crambe abyssinica NaOH catalyst (CAN) biodiesel fuel mixtures on diesel engine instead of standard diesel fuel improves CO, HC, and smoke emissions but increases NOx values slightly.
Tumor Immunity is Related to 18F-FDG Uptake in Thymic Epithelial Tumor
Authors: Imai Hisao , Kaira Kyoichi , Hashimoto Kosuke , Nitanda Hiroyuki , Taguchi Ryo , Yanagihara Akitoshi , Umesaki Tetsuya , Yamaguchi Ou , Mouri Atsuto , Kawasaki Tomonori , Yasuda Masanori , Kobayashi Kunihiko , Sakaguchi Hirozo , Kuji Ichiei , Kagamu Hiroshi 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background2-Deoxy-2-[fluorine-18]-fluoro-d-glucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography (18F-FDG-PET) is a convenient modality to assess metabolic activity within tumor cells. However, there is no consensus regarding the relationship between 18F-FDG uptake and the immune environment in thymic epithelial tumors (TETs). We conducted a clinicopathological study to elucidate the relationship between 18F-FDG uptake and programmed death ligands 1 and 2 (PD-L1/PD-L2) expression in patients with TETs. MethodsA total of 108 patients with histologically confirmed TETs classified as thymomas or thymic carcinomas who underwent surgical resection or biopsy or needle biopsy and 18F-FDG PET before any treatment between August 2007 and March 2020 were enrolled in this study. Tumor specimens underwent immunohistochemical staining for PD-L1, PD-L2, GLUT1, HIF-1α, VEGFR2, VEGF-C and β2 adrenergic receptor. ResultsHigh uptakes of SUVmax, SUVmean, MTV and TLG were identified in 28 (25.9%), 61 (56.5%), 55 (50.9%) and 55 (50.9%) of 108 patients, respectively. High uptake of SUVmax significantly correlated with PS of 1-2, thymic carcinoma and advanced stage, and SUVmax on 18F-FDG uptake displayed a close association with PD-L1 and PD-L2 expression, but not MTV and TLG. Multivariate analysis revealed that SUVmax was identified as an independent predictor for positive PD-L1 /PD-L2 expression. GLUT1 was clarified as a significant marker for the expression of PD-L1/PD-L2 from the biological viewpoint. Conclusion18F-FDG accumulation was closely associated with the expression of PD-L1/PD-L2, which, in turn, was correlated with glucose metabolism and hypoxia. PD-L1/PD-L2 could affect glucose metabolism and hypoxia in thymic tumor cells.
Comparative Analysis of the Health Status of the Population in Six Health Zones in South Kivu: a Cross-sectional Population Study Using the WHODAS
Authors: Lwamushi Samuel Makali , Malembaka Espoir Bwenge , Lambert Anne-Sophie , Bimana Hermès Karemere , Eboma Christian Molima , Mwembo Albert Tambwe , Ssali Steven Barnes , Balaluka Ghislain Bisimwa , Donnen Phillippe , Macq Jean 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: The eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) has experienced decades-long armed conflicts which might have had a negative impact on population’s health. Most studies have used reductionist health measures such as morbidity and mortality rather than person-centered approaches for measuring the health status of the population. The aim of this study was to assess the health status of the population and its predictors in conflict settings of South Kivu province, using the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS). Methods: Between May and June 2019, we conducted a community-based cross-sectional survey among 1,440 adults in six health zones (HZ), classified according to their level of armed conflict intensity and chronicity in four types (accessible and stable, remote and stable, intermediate and unstable). The data were collected by a questionnaire including socio-demographic data and the WHODAS 2.0 tool with 12 items. The main variable of the study was the WHODAS summary score measuring individual’s health status and synthesize in six domains of disability (household, cognitive, mobility, self-care, social and society). Univariate analysis, correlation and comparison tests as well as hierarchical multiple linear regression were performed.Results: The median WHODAS score in the accessible and stable (AS), remote and stable (RS), intermediate (I) and unstable (U) HZ was 6.3 (0-28.6); 25 (6.3-41.7); 22.9 (12.5-33.3) and 39.6 (22.9-54.2), respectively. Four of the six WHODAS domain scores (household, cognitive, mobility and society) were the most altered in the UHZs. The RSHZ and IHZ had statistically comparable global WHODAS scores. The stable HZs (accessible and remote) had statistically lower scores than the UHZ on all items. In regression analysis, the factors significantly associated with an overall poor health status (or higher whodas score) were advanced age, being woman, being membership of an association; being divorced, separated or widower and living in an unstable HZ.Conclusions: Armed conflicts have a significantly negative impact on people’s perceived health, particularly in crisis health zones. In this area, we must accentuate actions aiming to strengthen people’s psychosocial well-being.
Cost Utility of Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide Monitoring for the Management of Children&nbsp;Asthma
Authors: Buendia Jefferson Antonio , Acuña Rannery , rodriguez carlos 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
IntroductionFractional exhaled nitric oxide is a simple, non-invasive measurement of airway inflammation with minimal discomfort to the patient and with results available within a few minutes. This study aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of asthma management using fractional exhaled nitric oxide monitoring in patients between 4 and 18 years of age.Methods A Markov model was used to estimate the cost-utility of asthma management using fractional exhaled nitric oxide monitoring versus asthma management without using fractional exhaled nitric oxide monitoring (standard therapy) in patients between 4 and 18 years of age. Cost data were obtained from a retrospective study on asthma from a tertiary center, in Medellin, Colombia, while probabilities of the Markov model and utilities were obtained from the systematic review of published randomized clinical trials. The analysis was carried out from a societal perspective.ResultsThe model showed that fractional exhaled nitric oxide monitoring was associated with a lower total cost than standard therapy (US $1,333 vs. US $1,452 average cost per patient) and higher QALYs (0.93 vs. 0.92 average per patient). The probability that fractional exhaled nitric oxide monitoring provides a more cost-effective use of resources compared with standard therapy exceeds 99% for all willingness-to-pay thresholds.Conclusion Asthma management using fractional exhaled nitric oxide monitoring was cost-effective for treating patients between 4 and 18 years of age with mild to moderate allergic asthma. Our study suggests evidence that could be used by decision-makers to improve clinical practice guidelines, but this should be replicated in different clinical settings.
Comprehensive Analysis of Immune Correlation of KIF20A in Pan-cancer
Authors: Cui Xiao-Han , Peng Qiu-Ju , Gao Peng , Zhang Xu-Dong , Li Ren-Zhi , Zhu Bei , Zhou Zhao , Zhu Chun-Fu , Qin Xi-Hu 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Cancer is one of the most common causes of death, and the morbidity and mortality are gradually increasing in the world. KIF20A plays an important role in tumors, but its immune relevance in pan-cancer needs to be further studied.Methods: KIF20A-related information was download from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Collecting RNA-seq data is fragments per kilobase million (FPKM) style data. The ESTIMATE algorithm was used for estimating the stromal and immune scores for 33 tumors. Then, we analyzed the correlation between KIF20A in pan-cancer and immune checkpoints and performed gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) analysis on the co-expressed genes of KIF20A in pan-cancer.Results: We have confirmed that the expression of KIF20A has a intensive correlation with prognosis in 33 kinds of tumors. Its expression of KIF20A was related to a variety of immune cells and immune checkpoints. Based on the results of GSEA for further analysis, in multiple tumors, KIF20A is related to immune-related pathways.Conclusion: We have demonstrated that KIF20A played an important role in pan-cancer and could affect the occurrence or development of a variety of tumors. Moreover, KIF20A was related to immunity, and KIF20A- related immune research in pan-cancer also needs to be further demonstrate.
Factors Influencing Health Related Quality of Life in Older Patients With Hypertension: Mediating Effects of Depression and Disease Severity of Hypertension
Authors: Sun Qian , Jing Mingxia , Zhang Mei , Wang Yongxin , Liang Rujiang 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Many interventions have been designed to improve the quality of life of patients with hypertension; however, the influencing factors in this regard, and their mechanisms of action, remain unclear. This study aimed to explore the factors that affect the quality of life of older patients with hypertension, and to analyze the underlying mechanisms. Methods: Multi-stage sampling was used to determine the survey site. Data collection was conducted in the form of face-to-face surveys. Correlation analysis was used to identify and screen factors that influence quality of life. SPSS 20.0 and Mplus 8.3 software were used for data analysis. Results: The sample size was 1,134. Through regression analysis and path analysis, sex, age, last year annual average income, frequency of physical exercise, experience of hypertension complications, duration, number of emergency room visits in the past year, diabetes, hypertension severity, and depression were found to be significantly associated with quality of life. Severity of hypertension and depression were both significant mediators.Conclusion: Age, last year annual average income, frequency of physical exercise, experience of hypertension complications, hypertension severity, number of emergency room visits in the past year, and depression are important factors affecting the quality of life of older patients with hypertension. Moreover, physical exercise, experience of hypertension complications, and number of emergency room visits in the past year also indirectly affect such individuals’ quality of life through severity of hypertension and depression. These findings can provide a foundation for the development of future interventions.
Synthesis and characterization of black TiO2/graphene composites with enhanced photocatalysis
Authors: Li Zhaoqing , Liu Zhufeng , Yang Xiao , Chen Peng , Yang Lei , Liu Rongzhen , Yan Chunze 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
According to the composite design, a series of black TiO2/graphene composites were synthesized to improve its photocatalytic activity. TiO2 is generated in situ on the surface of graphene by a facile sol-gel method. The combination of graphene and TiO2 was beneficial for eliminating the opportunity of photogenerated electron-hole recombination due to the excellent conductivity of graphene. In the subsequent hydrogenation process, the self-doping Ti3+ was introduced accompanied by the crystallization of amorphous TiO2. The narrowed bandgap caused by self-doping Ti3+ enhanced the visible light absorption and make the composites appear black. Both of them improved the photocatalytic performance of the synthesized black TiO2/graphene composites. The band structure of the composite was analyzed by valence band XPS, revealing the reason for the high visible light catalytic performance of the composite. The results proved that the black TiO2/graphene composites synthesized show attractive potential for applications in environmental and energy issues.
Development and Comparison of Cross-Linking and Non-Crosslinking Probe-Gold Nanoparticle Hybridization Assays for Direct Detection of Unamplified Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus-RNA
Authors: Heidari Zahra , Rezatofighi Seyedeh Elham , Rastegarzadeh Saadat 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is a major economic disease that has been spread in most countries. In addition to vaccination, one of the main ways to control the disease and prevent it from spreading is to detect and cull infected animals, especially those with persistent infection (PI). We developed and compared two colorimetric biosensor assays based on probe-modified gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) to detect BVDV. Specific probes were designed to detect the 5ʹ untranslated region of BVDV-RNA. The thiolated probes were immobilized on the surface of the AuNPs. Two methods of cross-linking (CL) and non-crosslinking (NCL) probe-AuNPs hybridization were developed and compared. Results: The hybridization of positive targets with the two probe-AuNPs formed a polymeric network between the AuNPs which led to the aggregation of nanoparticles and color change from red to blue. Alternatively, in the NCL mode, the hybridization of complementary targets with the probe-AuNPs resulted in the increased electrostatic repulsion in nanoparticles and the increased stabilization against salt-induced aggregation. The CL and NCL assays had detection limits of 6.83 and 44.36 ng/reaction, respectively. Conclusion: The CL assay showed a higher sensitivity and specificity; in contrast, the NCL assay did not require optimizing and controlling of hybridization temperature and showed a higher response speed. However, both the developed methods are cost-effective and easy to perform and also could be implemented on-site or in local laboratories in low-resource countries.
Relationship between BMI with percentage body fat and obesity in Singaporean adults – The Yishun Study.
Authors: Chen Kexun Kenneth , Wee Shiou-Liang , Pang Benedict , Lau Lay Khoon , Jabbar Khalid Abdul , Seah Wei Ting , Ng Tze Pin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: The main aim of this study was to the determine relationship between BMI and BF% in Singaporean adults, derive a prediction model to estimate BF%, and to report population BF%. The secondary aim was to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity based on BF% threshold and the new risk categories for obesity in Singaporean population.Methods: This was a population-based study of 542 community-dwelling Singaporeans (21-90 years old, 43.1% men). Anthropometry and body composition were assessed. Relationship between BMI and BF% were analysed using multiple regression model. Prevalence of overweight and obesity were estimated using WHO and Singapore Ministry of Health (MOH) Clinical Practice Guidelines BMI classification, and BF% cut-off points of 25% and 35% for men and women respectively. Results: We derived a prediction model to estimate BF% based on BMI, age, sex and ethnicity. The current cohort of Singaporeans have higher BF% at matching BMI, age and sex than Caucasians in the US and Europe, and a Singaporean cohort from 20 years ago. The overall population-adjusted prevalence of obesity according to WHO International classification (BMI ³30kg/m2) was 12.9% (14.9% men; 11.0% women); and 26.6% (30.7% men; 22.8% women) according to MOH classification (BMI ³27.5kg/m2). However, using BF% cut-off (>25% for men and >35% for women) resulted in very high prevalence of obesity of 82.0% (80.2% men; 83.8% women).Conclusion: There is a large discrepancy between BF% and BMI measured obesity in Singaporean adults. The results confirmed that Singaporean adults have higher BF% at lower BMI compared to US and UK white counterparts; and that BF% in our population have increased over two decades.