bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
European consensus on core principles and future priorities for geriatric rehabilitation: consensus statement
Authors: Grund Stefan , Gordon Adam L. , van Balen Romke , Bachmann Stefan , Cherubini Antonio , Landi Francesco , Stuck Andreas E. , Becker Clemens , Achterberg Wilco P. , Bauer Jürgen M. , Schols Jos M. G. A. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Purpose
In response to the growing recognition of geriatric rehabilitation and to support healthcare providers which need strategies to support older people with frailty who have experienced functional decline, we developed a consensus statement about core principles and future priorities for geriatric rehabilitation.

Methods
We used a three-stage approach to establish consensus—preparation, consensus and review.

Results
The consensus statement is grouped under 11 headings from (1) “Definition of GR” to (11) “Effective strategies to develop GR in Europe”, which define geriatric rehabilitation in a way that is compatible with existing service models across Europe. Additionally future goals around research and education are highlighted.

Conclusion
The definitions of the consensus statement can provide a starting point for those wishing to further develop geriatric rehabilitation in their jurisdiction and help to develop strategic alliances with other specialties, serving as a basis for a pan-European approach to geriatric rehabilitation.
Adolescent internet addiction - role of parental control and adolescent behaviours
Authors: Martins Miguel Vieira , Formiga Adriana , Santos Constança , Sousa Diana , Resende Carla , Campos Ricardo , Nogueira Natália , Carvalho Paula , Ferreira Sofia 
Published: December 2019

Introduction:
Excessive Internet use can negatively affect academic performance, family relationships and emotional development among the youth. Such issues have been identified as Internet addiction (IA). We aimed to determine the prevalence of IA among Portuguese adolescents and assess how parental control can relate to IA.

Methods:
An observational cross-sectional study was performed at public schools within a Portuguese region, using Young's Internet Addiction Test survey. General sociodemographic and emotional wellbeing data were obtained. A descriptive and bivariate analysis was done among Internet-addicted and average users, followed by a logistic regression analysis. Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) were computed with two-sided P values < .05 for statistical significance.

Results:
A total of 1916 eligible responses were obtained. Mean age was 15 ± 1.8 years, with a slight predominance of female (53.3%) participants. In our sample, 16.5% were deemed Internet addicted and less likely to have any parental control over Internet use (aOR 0.74, P <.05). Moreover, 28% of the Internet-addicted users were less likely to have control over time spent online (aOR 0.72, P < .05), and close to half were unlikely to have online content restrictions (aOR 0.56, P < .01).

Conclusions:
Our findings reported a significant rate of Internet-addicted youth. IA was negatively related to parental control. Whenever any kind of parental control over Internet use was reported, IA was less likely to occur. Healthcare professionals should be aware of the risks of IA in adolescents to improve its prevention and intervention.
Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Technical Efficiency in Alberta Dairy Production: What Are the Trade-Offs?
Authors: Le Stephanie , Jeffrey Scott , An Henry 
Published: December 2019

Abstract:The impact of greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction on the efficiency of Alberta’s dairy industry is assessed through a technical efficiency analysis over the period 1996–2016, with and without emissions included as a “bad” output. Environmentally adjusted technical efficiency and technical efficiency estimates are highly correlated; thus, reducing GHG emissions may not result in decreased efficiency. Increased milk per cow, a southern Alberta location, and increased use of forage are associated with greater environmentally adjusted technical efficiency. The opportunity cost of foregone milk revenue associated with reduced emissions is Can$308.29 per metric ton of GHG. The results imply possible policy strategies to reduce emissions.
ON MARINE LIABILITY PORTFOLIO MODELING
Authors: Guevara-Alarcón William , Albrecher Hansjörg , Chowdhury Parvez 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMarine is the oldest type of insurance coverage. Nevertheless, unlike cargo and hull covers, marine liability is a rather young line of business with claims that can have very heavy and long tails. For reinsurers, the accumulation of losses from an event insured by various Protection and Indemnity clubs is an additional source for very large claims in the portfolio. In this paper, we first describe some recent developments of the marine liability market and then statistically analyze a data set of large losses for this line of business in a detailed manner both in terms of frequency and severity, including censoring techniques and tests for stationarity over time. We further formalize and examine an optimization problem that occurs for reinsurers participating in XL on XL coverages in this line of business and give illustrations of its solution.
The holy grail of hand hygiene compliance: Just-in-time peer coaching that leads to behavior change
Authors: Sickbert-Bennett Emily E. , DiBiase Lauren M. , Teal Lisa J. , Summerlin-Long Shelley K. , Weber David J. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
We describe the delivery of real-time feedback on hand hygiene compliance between healthcare personnel over a 3-year time period via a crowdsourcing web-based application. Feedback delivery as a metric can be used to examine and improve a culture of safety within a healthcare setting.
Irishwomen United, the Contraception Action Programme and the feminist campaign for free, safe and legal contraception in Ireland, c.1975–81
Authors: Kelly Laura 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis article explores the contraception campaigns of Irishwomen United (I.W.U.) and their offshoot, the Contraception Action Programme (CAP), in the Republic of Ireland from 1975 to 1981. It draws on ten oral history interviews with former members of I.W.U. and CAP conducted by the author, in addition to feminist magazines, newspaper sources and the Roisin Conroy/Attic Press archive. For Irish feminists, the issue of class was paramount to their contraception campaigns while, in common with their counterparts in the United States, they were also concerned about the increasing medicalisation of women's bodies and the potential health risks of the contraceptive pill, commonly prescribed as a ‘cycle regulator’ in Ireland. Fundamentally, I.W.U. and CAP members believed in a women's movement that allowed for the equal distribution of sexual knowledge and access to contraception. In this way, they foregrounded the connection between health and economic rights. Through their demonstrations, meetings and service provision, in unconventional spaces such as shops, markets, community centres and caravans, they challenged not only the law, but also the authority of both religious patriarchy and medical expertise in Ireland. Through an exploration of the activities of I.W.U./CAP, this article will contribute to understandings of campaigns around contraception and, with my commitment to profiling the experiences of ‘rank and file’ women, it will highlight class inequalities and concerns surrounding the medicalisation of women's bodies to a larger extent than has been done before. It also seeks to show the importance of informal women's networks in providing access to contraception and information about contraception pre-legalisation. Moreover, the article seeks to further elucidate the contribution of Irish grassroots organisations which have received limited historical attention.
Effects of establishment method and water management on yield and water productivity of tropical lowland rice
Authors: Ullah Hayat , Giri Suman , Attia Ahmed , Datta Avishek 
Published: December 2019

AbstractModification of the existing cropping practice is needed to maintain rice (Oryza sativa L.) productivity and reduce irrigation water input. A 2-year field experiment was conducted during the dry rice growing season of 2016 and 2017 at the Asian Institute of Technology, Pathum Thani, Thailand, to investigate the effects of establishment method and irrigation level on growth, yield, and water productivity of irrigated lowland rice. The treatments consisted of two Thai rice cultivars (Pathumthani 1 and RD57), two establishment methods (dry direct seeding [DDS] and transplanting [TP]), and three irrigation levels (continuous flooding [CF], 15 cm threshold water level below the soil surface for irrigation [AWD15], and 30 cm threshold water level below the soil surface for irrigation [AWD30]). Overall, the performance of RD57 was better than Pathumthani 1 under DDS with 50% higher grain yield and 90% higher water productivity at AWD15. RD57 also had higher shoot dry matter, number of tiller m–2, and number of panicle m–2 across establishment methods and irrigation levels. Grain yield and water productivity of RD57 were similar under two establishment methods across irrigation levels, whereas the performance of TP was better than DDS for Pathumthani 1 irrespective of irrigation levels. The highest grain yield and water productivity of Pathumthani 1 was observed at AWD15 under TP and that of RD57 under both establishment methods at the same irrigation level. AWD15 saved 26 and 32% irrigation water under TP and DDS, respectively, compared with TP-CF treatment combination. AWD15 irrigation level could be recommended for greater water productivity without compromising yield when Pathumthani 1 is cultivated through TP and RD57 is cultivated through either DDS or TP. Although water-saving potential was higher compared with CF, AWD30 is not recommended for irrigated lowland rice cultivation due to significant yield reduction.
A permutation method for detecting trend correlations in rare variant association studies
Authors: Liu Lifeng , Wang Pengfei , Meng Jingbo , Chen Lili , Zhu Wensheng , Ma Weijun 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn recent years, there has been an increasing interest in detecting disease-related rare variants in sequencing studies. Numerous studies have shown that common variants can only explain a small proportion of the phenotypic variance for complex diseases. More and more evidence suggests that some of this missing heritability can be explained by rare variants. Considering the importance of rare variants, researchers have proposed a considerable number of methods for identifying the rare variants associated with complex diseases. Extensive research has been carried out on testing the association between rare variants and dichotomous, continuous or ordinal traits. So far, however, there has been little discussion about the case in which both genotypes and phenotypes are ordinal variables. This paper introduces a method based on theγ-statistic, called OV-RV, for examining disease-related rare variants when both genotypes and phenotypes are ordinal. At present, little is known about the asymptotic distribution of theγ-statistic when conducting association analyses for rare variants. One advantage of OV-RV is that it provides a robust estimation of the distribution of theγ-statistic by employing the permutation approach proposed by Fisher. We also perform extensive simulations to investigate the numerical performance of OV-RV under various model settings. The simulation results reveal that OV-RV is valid and efficient; namely, it controls the type I error approximately at the pre-specified significance level and achieves greater power at the same significance level. We also apply OV-RV for rare variant association studies of diastolic blood pressure.
Good, better, best: clinical scenarios for the use of L-methylfolate in patients with MDD
Authors: Jain Rakesh , Manning Sloan , Cutler Andrew J. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractDepression is among the most prevalent mental disorders worldwide, and a substantial proportion of patients do not respond adequately to standard antidepressants. Our understanding of the pathophysiology of depression is no longer limited to the chemical imbalance of neurotransmitters, but also involves the interplay of proinflammatory modulators in the central nervous system, as well as folate metabolism. Additional factors such as stress and metabolic disorders also may contribute. Multiple inflammatory, metabolic, and genetic markers have been identified and may provide critical information to help clinicians individualize treatments for patients to achieve optimal outcomes. Recent advancements in research have clarified underlying causes of depression and have led to possible new avenues for adjunctive treatment. Among these is L-methylfolate, a medical food that is thought to enhance synthesis of monoamines (serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine), suppress inflammation, and promote neural health. Clinical studies that assessed supplemental use of L-methylfolate in patients with usual care-resistant depression found that it resulted in improved outcomes. Patients with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor-resistant depression, and particularly subgroups with biomarkers of inflammation or metabolic disorders or folate metabolism-related genetic polymorphisms (or ≥2 of these factors), had the best responses. Considering this, the goals of this review are to 1) highlight recent advances in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder as it pertains to folate and associated biomarkers and 2) establish the profiles of patients with depression who could benefit most from supplemental use of L-methylfolate.
Magnetic Force Microscopy Study of Multiscale Ion-Implanted Platinum in Silica Glass, Recorded by an Ultrafast Two-Wave Mixing Configuration
Authors: Torres-Torres David , Bornacelli Jhovani , Vega-Becerra Oscar , Garay-Tapia Andres M. , Aguirre-Tostado Francisco S. , Torres-Torres Carlos , Oliver Alicia 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis study explores magnetization exhibited by nanoscale platinum-based structures embedded in pure silica plates. A superposition of laser pulses in the samples produced periodic linear arrangements of micro-sized structures. The samples were integrated by PtO2 microstructures (PtOΣs) with dispersed Pt oxide nanoparticles in their surroundings. The characterization of the materials was performed by high transmission electron microscopy studies. Furthermore, topographical and magnetic effects on the sample surfaces were analyzed by atomic force microscopy and magnetic force microscopy, respectively. The magnetic measurements indicated an enhancement in the gradient phase shift and in the gradient force related to the magnetic PtOΣs. The possibility of tuning the magnetic characteristics of the samples through contact with a Nd2Fe14B magnet was demonstrated. This process corresponds to an innovative method for obtaining magnetic PtOΣs induced by laser pulses. Moreover, an increase in the compactness of the silica with platinum-based structures was confirmed by an evaluation of the effective elastic modulus with reference to pure silica. The multimodal magnetic structures studied in this work seem to be candidates for developing high-density magnetic storage media.
Validation of Surface Temperature Derived From MERRA‐2 Reanalysis Against IMD Gridded Data Set Over India
Authors: Gupta Priyanshu , Verma Sunita , Bhatla R. , Chandel Amit Singh , Singh Janhavi , Payra Swagata 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe first detailed validation of maximum temperature of Modern‐Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Application Version 2 (TMERRA‐2) against Indian Meteorological Department (TIMD) has been carried out for 35 years (1981–2015) over India. For this purpose, India has been divided into seven different zones, i.e Western Himalaya (WH), Northwest, North Central, Northeast (NE), West Peninsula India, East Peninsula India, and South Peninsula India. The descriptive statistics and correlation between TMERRA‐2 and TIMD have been determined for monthly, seasonal, and annual basis. A significant correlation (>0.9) has been found for monthly TMERRA‐2 and TIMD with a root‐mean‐square error value closer to 1 except for WH where a high root‐mean‐square error value of 18.2 is obtained. Seasonal analysis also indicates a significant correlation for all the zones except for WH and NE with a correlation value of <0.3 during monsoon season; this may be due to sparse network, cold climate, and heterogeneity due to topography. Percent bias indicates that TMERRA‐2 generally overestimates the TIMD monthly observations for all the zones, that is, Northwest, North Central, NE, West Peninsula India, East Peninsula India, and South Peninsula India by 4.1%, 2.4%, 1.6%, 0.5%, 0.2%, and 0.8%, respectively, except WH where an underestimation (−82.5%) is determined. Thus, after calibration, MERRA‐2 Reanalysis maximum temperature may be used for further study of extreme weather events.
CCN Spectral Shape and Cumulus Cloud and Drizzle Microphysics
Authors: Hudson James G. , Noble Stephen 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe shapes of high‐resolution cloud condensation nucleus (CCN) spectra are compared with cloud and precipitation characteristics observed in the Ice in Clouds Experiment–Tropical. These high‐resolution spectra often revealed bimodality that is usually caused by in‐cloud processing. Bimodal CCN spectra were associated with clouds that had a third of the droplet concentrations, twice as broad droplet spectra and 2 to 3 orders of magnitude more drizzle than clouds associated with unimodal CCN spectra. These findings are opposite of a similar earlier study of stratus clouds that suggested enhancement of the indirect aerosol effect. The observations were consistent over the full range of cloud droplet liquid water content (LWCc) thresholds and bands. But the largest differences between clouds associated with bimodal and unimodal CCN were at intermediate LWCc bins where drizzle and droplet spectral width was greatest in the clouds associated with bimodal CCN.
Integrative analysis of DNA methylation and gene expression identified cervical cancer-specific diagnostic biomarkers
Authors: Xu Wanxue , Xu Mengyao , Wang Longlong , Zhou Wei , Xiang Rong , Shi Yi , Zhang Yunshan , Piao Yongjun 
Published: December 2019

AbstractCervical cancer is the leading cause of death among women with cancer worldwide. Here, we performed an integrative analysis of Illumina HumanMethylation450K and RNA-seq data from TCGA to identify cervical cancer-specific DNA methylation markers. We first identified differentially methylated and expressed genes and examined the correlation between DNA methylation and gene expression. The DNA methylation profiles of 12 types of cancers, including cervical cancer, were used to generate a candidate set, and machine-learning techniques were adopted to define the final cervical cancer-specific markers in the candidate set. Then, we assessed the protein levels of marker genes by immunohistochemistry by using tissue arrays containing 93 human cervical squamous cell carcinoma samples and cancer-adjacent normal tissues. Promoter methylation was negatively correlated with the local regulation of gene expression. In the distant regulation of gene expression, the methylation of hypermethylated genes was more likely to be negatively correlated with gene expression, while the methylation of hypomethylated genes was more likely to be positively correlated with gene expression. Moreover, we identified four cervical cancer-specific methylation markers, cg07211381 (RAB3C), cg12205729 (GABRA2), cg20708961 (ZNF257), and cg26490054 (SLC5A8), with 96.2% sensitivity and 95.2% specificity by using the tenfold cross-validation of TCGA data. The four markers could distinguish tumors from normal tissues with a 94.2, 100, 100, and 100% AUC in four independent validation sets from the GEO database. Overall, our study demonstrates the potential use of methylation markers in cervical cancer diagnosis and may boost the development of new epigenetic therapies.
Detection and prevalence of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance: a study utilizing mass spectrometry-based monoclonal immunoglobulin rapid accurate mass measurement
Authors: Murray David , Kumar Shaji K. , Kyle Robert A. , Dispenzieri Angela , Dasari Surendra , Larson Dirk R. , Vachon Celine , Cerhan James R. , Rajkumar S. Vincent 
Published: December 2019

AbstractHigh-sensitivity mass spectrometry assays are available to detect monoclonal immunoglobulins. To better assess the prevalence of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), we identified 300 patients diagnosed with MGUS or related gammopathy who had a prior negative work-up for monoclonal proteins as part of the Olmsted County MGUS screening study. Two mass spectrometry-based detection methods (matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) and monoclonal immunoglobulin rapid accurate mass measurements (miRAMM) along with traditional immunofixation were performed on the Olmsted baseline and MGUS diagnostics serum samples. Among the 226 patients considered negative for MGUS based on protein electrophoresis and serum-free light-chain assay, a monoclonal protein could be detected at baseline in 24 patients (10.6%) by immunofixation, 113 patients (50%) by MADLI-TOF mass spectrometry, and 149 patients (65.9%) by miRAMM mass spectrometry. In addition, using miRAMM, some patients demonstrated an oligoclonal to monoclonal transition giving insight into the origin of MGUS. Using the sensitive miRAMM, MGUS is present in 887 of 17,367 persons from the Olmsted County cohort, translating into a prevalence of 5.1% among persons 50 years of age and older. This represents the most accurate prevalence estimate of MGUS thus far.
Principles and mechanisms of non-genetic resistance in cancer
Authors: Bell Charles C. , Gilan Omer 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAs well as undergoing genetic evolution, cancer cells can alter their epigenetic state to adapt and resist treatment. This non-genetic evolution is emerging as a major component of cancer resistance. Only now are we beginning to acquire the necessary data and tools to establish some of the underlying principles and mechanisms that define when, why and how non-genetic resistance occurs. Preliminary studies suggest that it can exist in a number of forms, including drug persistence, unstable non-genetic resistance and, most intriguingly, stable non-genetic resistance. Exactly how they each arise remains unclear; however, epigenetic heterogeneity and plasticity appear to be important variables. In this review, we provide an overview of these different forms of non-genetic resistance, before exploring how epigenetic heterogeneity and plasticity influence their emergence. We highlight the distinction between non-genetic Darwinian selection and Lamarckian induction and discuss how each is capable of generating resistance. Finally, we discuss the potential interaction between genetic and non-genetic adaptation and propose the idea of ‘the path of most resistance’, which outlines the variables that dictate whether cancers adapt through genetic and/or epigenetic means. Through these discussions, we hope to provide a conceptual framework that focuses future studies, whose insights might help prevent or overcome non-genetic resistance.