bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of Tamarind Tamarindus indica Leaves and Mango Mangifera indica Leaves as Feed Additives on Growth, Blood Status and Resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila in Juvenile African Catfish Clarias gariepinus
Authors: Olusola Sunday Emmanuel , Ajiwoju Igbekele Joshua , Emikpe Benjamin Obukowho 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This study investigated the efficacy of Tamarind Leaves (TL) and Mango Leaves (ML) with Oxytetracycline (OXY) on growth performance, haematoimmunological and disease resistance of Clarias gariepinus juveniles against Aeromonas hydrophila. Experimental diets consist of control (0%), TL2 (1%), TL3 (2%), ML4 (1%), ML5 (2%), OXY6 (30mg/kg diet), (TL+ML) 7, (TL+OXY) 8, (ML+OXY) 9 and (TL+ML+OXY) 10. The fish (3.02±0.01g) were replicated twice with 20 fish per replicate and were fed twice daily at 3% body weight of 40% crude protein for twelve weeks (8 weeks for feeding trial and 4 weeks for challenge test). Mean Weight Gain (MWG), Specific Growth Rate (SGR), Packed Cell Volume (PCV), Haemoglobin (Hb), Lymphocytes (LYM), Globulin (GLO), Amino Alanine Transferase (ALT) and Aspertate Amino Transferase (AST) contents were ascertained using standard technique. The fish were infected with A. hydrophila at 5.94 log10 CFU/ml interperitoneally and fed different diets to evaluate their Relative Percent of Survival (RPS). Data was subjected to descriptive statistics and one-way analysis of variance at P=0.05. Clarias gariepinus juveniles fed treated diets had higher growth rates than the control diet but C. gariepinus fed (TL+ML+OXY) 10 had a significantly higher MWG and SGR of 7.74±0.69 g and 0.97±0.01 g, respectively. The PCV (44.0±2.00%), Hb (14.7±2.00 g/dl), LYM (37.0±2.00), GLO (42.0 ±2.00 g/dl) were higher in the C. gariepinus fed (TL+ML+OXY) 10 than the control diet. The AST and ALT values among the treated groups were lower than the values in the control at the post-challenge test. The RPS against A. hydrophila was higher in the treated groups (100%) than in the control (0%). Fish fed tamarind and mango leaves had enhanced mean weight gain and were more resistant to A. hydrophila infection.
The Peculiarities and Farming Challenges of Atlantic Bluefin Tuna (Thunnus thynnus, L. 1758)
Authors: Mrčelić Gorana Jelić , Miletić Ivana , Piria Marina , Grgičević Ambroz , Slišković Merica 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of bluefin tuna, with special regard to its farming challenges. Tuna is one of the most prominent species in fisheries worldwide. The high market value of tuna stocks has led to intensified fishing pressure that resulted in drastic population reductions in every ocean where these fish are found. It is very difficult to obtain the necessary data for the appropriate stock assessment analysis, and there is a very high degree of uncertainty in the models used to evaluate Atlantic bluefin tuna stocks. Tuna-farming could help reduce pressure on the tuna population, but the problem is that the majority of cage-farmed fish is caught in its natural environment (wild population), and thus is fattened or farmed to a certain size. Additionally, the challenges in tuna farming are numerous. Tuna is a fast swimmer, a large energy and oxygen consumer, therefore consuming a large portion of available food to maintain its metabolism. However, due to its delicious taste, high market price and a large demand for this species, pressure will probably continue to grow in the future. Therefore intensive farming, which implies the full breeding cycle in captivity, remains one of the possible solutions that could help reduce the pressure on the tuna population.
Age and Growth of Black-Bellied Anglerfish Lophius budegassa (Spinola, 1807) from the Central Aegean Sea, Turkey
Authors: Şenbahar Ahmet Mert , Özaydin Okan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
A total of 558 specimens of black-bellied anglerfish Lophius budegassa (Spinola, 1807) were collected by the vessels engaged in commercial trawl fishing in the Central Aegean Sea between September 2017 and August 2018 in order to determine age and growth. Ageing was based on growth ring counts of transverse sections of the illicium (first ray of the dorsal fin). By reading the illicium, individuals were found within II-XI age groups. Total lengths and weights ranged between 12.0 – 65.0 cm and 24.5 – 4682.0 g, respectively. Von Bertalanffy growth parameters were estimated for males, females and combined sexes of L. budegassa. The results are compared with previous studies.
Ukrainian plain oak forests and their natural regeneration
Authors: Tkach Viktor , Rumiantsev Maksym , Kobets Oleksii , Luk’yanets Volodymyr , Musienko Sergiy 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Changes in the areas and stock volumes of oak stands were analyzed within the six administrative regions in the plain area of Ukraine, based on forest management data (subcompartment database) as of 2001 and 2016. The studied regions geographically related to the Left-bank Forest-Steppe zone of Ukraine (Kyiv, Poltava, Sumy, Kharkiv, Cherkasy and Chernihiv Regions). The analyzed area was over 284,000 hectares. The paper outlines the present state of the oak stands, concerning their origin (vegetative, natural seed and planted seed stands). Forestry-taxation indices of the stands were determined by grouping the plots according to age and further clustering in four age groups. The natural regeneration under a canopy in oak stands was accounted and estimated using circular 10 m2 (R = 178 cm) accounting plots. The oak forests were found to be dominated by stands of vegetative (coppice) origin (57%). Planted seed-origin oak stands covered 101,000 ha or 36% of the total area (284,000 ha). Stands of natural seed origin amounted to 7%. From 2001 to 2016, the total area of oak forests in the study region decreased by nearly 7,000 hectares. The analysis of literature sources allowed identifying numerous factors, which have the greatest influence on the emergence, liveability, and growth of natural regeneration of pedunculated oak. Only 20% of the investigated oak stands were found to have a sufficient amount of oak regeneration. For the implementation of sustainable forest management, activities should be aimed at optimizing the age structure of oak forests and growing natural forests from seeds.
Distribution and population density of the Russian desman (Desmana moschata L., Talpidae, Insectivora) in the Middle Volga of Russia
Authors: Andreychev Alexey , Kuznetsov Vyacheslav , Lapshin Alexandr 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
To date according to the registration work, the number of the Russian desman determined actually is 588 individuals in Mordovia. Based on extrapolation, the total desman population in Mordovia is about 1,400 individuals. We may assume that the most of the desman population is concentrated on floodplain lakes and reclamation canals. The highest density of the desman population in Mordovia was recorded in Krasnoslobodsky and Temnikovsky Districts (10.5 and 8.2 burrows per km, respectively). About 400 animals may live on the shore of the rivers Vad, Partsa, Yavas, Vindrey, Nuluy, and Kundybolka. The mean value of density of the desman population on the rivers was 0.9 burrows per km of the coastline, which corresponded to habitat quality class IV (0.5–5 burrows per km). The distribution of habitats across river basins is extremely uneven. The main part of the desman population is restricted to the Moksha basin (more than 1,350 individuals), and in the Alatyr basin (left tributary of the Sura River) just twenty individuals were recorded.
Reflections of active forest owners to the public-private forestry support system in Estonia
Authors: Põllumäe Priit , Lilleleht Ando , Korjus Henn 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Private forest owners are increasingly responsible for providing an extensive range of goods and services from their forests, as there are around 100,000 forest owners in Estonia. In order to support forest owners in providing these services, the state has continuously backed the forestry sector and established a public-private partnership with forest owners’ associations as well as their umbrella organisations and cooperatives. The aim of this paper is to identify the service and information needs of private forest owners in the context of this established support system. Using a survey sample of 757 respondents, we found that in regard to informational needs more focus should be put on forest management activities, i.e. on available information about service providers’ contacts, prices, options and principles for selling harvesting rights and timber. Furthermore, joint timber sales as a service should be further developed and focused on. While forest owners ranked highly both the information about financial support and the specific measures, they found the system sometimes too complicated. Both in terms of information and service importance-performance, forest owners indicated certification as a low-priority topic. Whilst interest representation in policy processes was indicated as a very important service, its performance was rated quite modestly indicating slight dissatisfaction with the current arrangements. There are also several socio-demographic attributes of forest owners that influence their needs for information and services about forest management. However, a better understanding of these attributes might help develop the system further.
Hyaluronic Acid, Spleen Size and Prothrombin Time Predict the Existence of High-Risk Esophageal Varices in Non-Viral Cirrhosis in Real Life
Authors: Sovaila Silvia , Purcarea Adrian , Fauchart Jean Pierre , Gheonea Dan , Ciurea Tudorel 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background and aims. Biomarkers are a simple and inexpensive way to replace the invasive diagnostic test(1,2). Portal hypertension screening recommendations in cirrhotic patients propose two such biomarkers: the platelet count and liver elastography. This recommendation derives from studies on viral cirrhosis(3). Viral cirrhosis is biologically and histologically different from steatosis related cirrhosis and traditional biomarkers used for high-risk varices screening might not be of use in this category. We aimed to evaluate their utility compared to other biomarkers for the prediction of high-risk varices of non-viral etiology in cirrhotic patients.

Methods. Our current study is a monocentric, real-life, cross-sectional analysis of non-viral cirrhosis patients.

Results. 50 patients with suspected cirrhosis, who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, were included prospectively for over 8 months and 41 were analyzed. The etiology was steatohepatitis (alcohol and non-alcohol related steatohepatitis). Hyaluronic acid (AUC 0.866, r =0.600), prothrombin time (AUC 0.708, r =0.445) and spleen size (AUC 0.763, r =0.337) significantly correlated with high-risk esophageal varices. In the meantime, liver stiffness was difficult to obtain and only correlated modestly with high-risk esophageal varices and platelet count was a poor predictor of high-risk esophageal varices in this mainly steatosis related cohort of cirrhotic patients.

Conclusion. We proposed hyaluronic acid, spleen size and prothrombin time as alternatives biomarkers for portal hypertension in steatohepatitis patients. Their potency should be further proven in larger studies.
Apoptosis in Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Stoian Marilena , Dumitrache Ana Maria , Cîrciu Fivi , Stănică Roxana , Stoica Victor 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Apoptosis is an inborn process that has been preserved during evolution; it allows the cells to systematically inactivate, destroy and dispose of their own components thus leading to their death. This program can be activated by both intra and extracellular mechanisms. The intracellular components involve a genetically defined development program while the extracellular aspects regard endogenous proteins, cytokines and hormones as well as xenobiotics, radiations, oxidative stress and hypoxia. The ability of a cell to enter apoptosis as a response to a „death” signal depends on its proliferative status, the position in the cell cycle and also on the controlled expression of those genes that have the capacity of promoting and inhibiting cell death. The fine regulation of these parameters needs to be maintained in order to ensure the physiological environment required for the induction of apoptosis.
In this review, we first describe evidence for the role of apoptotic pathways in ischemic acute renal failure, and then consider the potential mechanisms that may participate in this model of acute renal tubular injury. Potential therapeutic interventions to prevent tubular apoptosis in renal disease include angiotensin system inhibition, whereby the angiotensin II AT2 receptor blockade seems more promising in apoptosis inhibition than the inhibition of other receptor subtypes. A better understanding of the mechanisms of apoptosis could lead to safer and more specific therapeutic interventions for acute kidney injury.
2019 ESC/EAS Guidelines for Dyslipidaemia – What’s New?
Authors: Andronache Diana-Adriana , Bădilă Elisabeta 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The European Society of Cardiology and the European Atherosclerotic Society are recommending in the 2019 guideline for dyslipidemia the best management strategies for an individual patient with a given condition.
The guideline recommends the use of new tests to help identify high-risk patients. These include both coronary artery calcium imaging and biomarker tests.
Modifications have also been made to the risk stratification categories, so that patients with atherosclerotic artery disease, diabetes mellitus with target organ damage, familial hypercholesterolaemia and severe chronic kidney disease are all included in very-high risk patients.
The new ESC/EAS guideline for dyslipidemia management compared with the 2016 version include more intensive reduction of LDL-c across CV risk categories. If the goals are not achieved with the maximum tolerated dose of statin, combination with ezetimibe is recommended. An important message of the new guideline is that until this moment there are no known adverse effects of very low LDL-c concentrations.
2019 ESC Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Acute Pulmonary Embolism: Habemus (Novam) Lex!
Authors: Petriş Antoniu Octavian 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Current Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of acute pulmonary embolism (PE), as well as all other Guidelines, summarize and evaluate the already available evidence and consensus “with the aim of assisting health professionals in proposing the best management strategies for an individual patient with a given condition”.
In this review we present the most important new recommendations of the latest ESC Guidelines on the diagnosis and management of acute pulmonary embolism.
Mapping Online Journalism in Transition: Exploring an Analytical Model
Authors: Hartley Jannie Møller , Ellersgaard Christoph Houman 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
By operationalising Pierre Bourdieu’s concepts of field, capital and positions of autonomy and heteronomy, and applying a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to data gathered from a large content analysis, the article explores the relations between online newspapers and their corresponding print or broadcast versions within a constructed Danish “field of news” by graphically presenting the data as maps of the changes in these relations. First, mapping transformations graphically shows that the online newspapers have gained autonomy from their “parent platforms”, but we see that in the same period they have increased their dependence on news agency stories. Furthermore, the mapping demonstrates how the online newspapers differ in terms of news productions strategies and in their relation to their parent platforms, meaning they take up different positions in the field according to their “strength” based on a number of indicators.
Diversity through Dualism: The Balancing Principle as an Organizational Strategy in Culture Departments of Newspapers
Authors: Jaakkola Maarit 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This article examines the changes in cultural journalism in newspapers with regard to its dual field structure. The influence of media organizations’ policies on professionalist dualism is discussed based on the results of a quantitative content analysis over the period 1978–2008 and semi-structured theme interviews with the heads of the culture departments of major Finnish dailies. The results indicate that culture departments have developed their own news production, with increased managerial control and the strengthening of the journalistic paradigm, whereas opinionated journalism, including criticism, is increasingly outsourced. The culture departments thus aspire to sustain a balance between the professional paradigms related to field-hybridity, which creates a distinct structural formalism in this specialized type of journalism and makes its evolution over time relatively stable.
Innovation of New Revenue Streams in Digital Media: Journalism as Customer Relationship
Authors: Barland Jens 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Recent digital transformations of the media landscape have altered media economics. Media outlets are experiencing a decline in newspaper circulation and are struggling to develop new revenue streams within digital media. Newspaper publishers are accustomed to a two-sided revenue model geared towards readers and advertisers. In digital publishing, such two-sided revenue models must be further developed. This article describes a model in which journalistic content functions as an engine for digital traffic, and how that market position is used to promote other commercial digital services. Unlike earlier advertising models, the media company itself has become both the advertiser and the owner of the promoted services. This article’s contribution is a description of how new revenue streams are being developed around digital journalistic products. A case study of the Schibsted Media Group, including examples from the media outlets VG (Norway) and Aftonbladet (Sweden), is used here as the empirical source.
Audience Participation in the Production of Online News: Towards a Typology
Authors: Kammer Aske 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The potential of audience participation constitutes a most important characteristic of digital journalism. This article presents an inductive study of audience participation in the production of online news in a Danish context, analysing how audiences participate, and what relationships between journalists and audiences accompany this participation. The article discusses the concept of participation, arguing on the basis of sociological theory that it should be understood as those instances where the audience influences the content of the news through their intentional actions. Applying this definition, it proposes four ideal types of audience participation in the production of online news, namely sharing of information, collaboration, conversation and meta-communication.
The Shift from High to Liquid Ideals: Making Sense of Journalism and Its Change through a Multidimensional Model
Authors: Koljonen Kari 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
By reading qualitative studies, surveys, organisational histories, and textbooks, one can claim that the ethos of journalists has undergone fundamental changes in recent decades. The “high modern” journalistic ethos of the 1970s and 1980s was committed to the core values of the journalistic profession: objectivity, public service, consensus maintenance, gate-keeping, and recording of the recent past. After the millennium, these central ideals have become more ambivalent and “liquid”: subjectivity, consumer service, the watchdog role, agenda-setting, and forecasting the future seem to be more tempting alternatives than before. This article develops an analytic framework that elaborates the simple narrative from “high modern” to “liquid modern” journalism. Five key elements, namely, (1) knowledge, (2) audience, (3) power, (4) time, and (5) ethics, are discussed and problematized to suggest a more nuanced view of the changing professional ethos of journalism.
Journalistic Autonomy: Between Structure, Agency and Institution
Authors: Sjøvaag Helle 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This article investigates the concept of autonomy within the journalistic institution. A review of the literature reveals that journalist autonomy is restricted at the political, economic and organisational levels of news production, negotiated at the editorial level, and exercised at the level of practice. The article addresses the limits of professional autonomy, aiming for a wider contextualisation of the question to analyse the factors that restrict and enable journalistic autonomy. By investigating journalistic autonomy within the duality of structure, the analysis finds that autonomy is attained when journalists engage in the recursive reproduction of the institution. The level of autonomy enjoyed by journalists therefore remains a fluid concept that is continually adjusted to manage the daily task of reporting the news.
Socializing Journalist Trainees in the Newsroom: On How to Capture the Intangible Parts of the Process1
Authors: Gravengaard Gitte , Rimestad Lene 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In the present article, we investigate socialization practices in the newsroom. The analyses demonstrate how journalist trainees are socialized into this particular professional culture and community of practice. Theoretically, we combine traditional news ethnography with linguistic anthropology, conversation analysis, and theories of profession in order to investigate and interpret social and cultural (re)production in the routinized practice in the newsroom. The units of analysis are interactions between journalist trainees and their editors concerning ideas for news stories. These interactions play a key role in the socialization process as important loci for learning about the craft because of the constant reinforcement of competent practice which takes place here. Thus, these interactions are important sites for cultural production and reproduction that support the building of professional vision.
Stability in Times of Change: Trends in Newspaper Executives’ Attitudes towards Digital Media
Authors: Krumsvik Arne H. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Five biennial surveys from 2005 to 2013 reveal a high degree of stability in Norwegian newspaper executives’ attitudes towards digital media, despite a high turnover in the executive ranks. Editors and managers do not approve fully of their own organizations’ online activities, and they struggle to find a balanced focus between traditional and new activities. However, the rationale for online publishing has become less blurred through the period, and an important shift in the strategic development of user fees is reviled: While it was driven by perceived threats from 2005 to 2011, opportunities for the industry is the strongest predictor in 2013.