bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hypothyroidism and hyperprolactinemia in women with primary and secondary infertility
Authors: Bari Shamima , Begum Rokeya , Akter Qazi Shamima 
Published: June 2020

Background and objectives: Infertility is a global health problem including Bangladesh. Altered thyroid and prolactin levels have been implicated as a cause of infertility. The study was undertaken to find out the serum thyroid hormones and prolactin status in women with primary and secondary infertility.
Methods: Women with primary and secondary infertility were enrolled. Fertile age-matched women were included as control. The anthropometric details (age, height and weight) were recorded. Overnight fasting blood sample was collected on 2nd day of menstrual cycle of the follicular phase. Serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free tri-iodothyronine (FT3) and free thyroxine (FT4) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Serum prolactin (PRL) was estimated by radioimmunoassay.
Results: A total of 150 women were enrolled in the study. Out of 150 women, 50 had primary and 50 had secondary infertility while 50 women were age-matched fertile women as control. The mean TSH levels of both infertility groups were significantly higher than that of fertile women. Regarding thyroid function, 24% and 28% of women with primary and secondary infertility had hypothyroidism respectively. The serum prolactin level was high in 42.9% and 50% of hypothyroid cases in primary and secondary infertility groups respectively.
Conclusion: The study has demonstrated high occurrence of hypothyroidism with raised serum prolactin levels among infertile females emphasizing the importance of estimating both serum TSH and prolactin in infertility.
Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 2020; 14(1): 41-46
Elimination of measles by 2024: achievements and challenges
Authors: Afrin Sabrina , Mamun Kazi Taib , Mahboob Nabeela , Iqbal Hasina , Jannat Hasnatul 
Published: June 2020

Measles is an infectious agent of viral origin with exceedingly high rate of transmissibility contributing to very high morbidity and mortality rates especially among children. Although measles is extremely infectious, control strategies of this virus used to be recognized as one of the most successful public health interventions ever undertaken. However, despite being vaccine-preventable disease measles has encountered an enormous resurgence as the rate of measles vaccination has declined and in many countries vaccination targets remain unmet and measles continues to claim hundreds of thousands of lives each year. This review discusses the reasons of the re-emergence of measles, the present global and Bangladesh situation and strategies that have been undertaken to combat this killer disease to eliminate measles globally by the year 2024.
Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 2020; 14(1): 53-58
ANALYSIS OF TEACHER SATISFACTION PUBLIC ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
Authors: Abdurrohman Abdurrohman , Arafat Yasir , Mulyadi Mulyadi 
Published: June 2020

Teachers’ job satisfaction is the teacher's perception of what he has obtained, through the indicators compiled. In this study the indicators used are the fields of promotion, salary and incentives, promotions, coworkers as well as supervisory and leadership evaluation. The purpose of this research is to look at the level of satisfaction of teachers who teach in public primary schools on Pulau Rimau. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative and quantitative (mixed method). The number of objects in this study were five public primary schools. The results obtained from the research that has been done are stated that the level of satisfaction of teachers who teach in public primary schools in the Pulau Rimau region is included in the quite high category, but in the field of salary and incentives is an area with the highest average value of job satisfaction low.
Comparison of objective indicators of various properties of photocomposite materials with the subjective assessment of dentists
Authors: Skripkina G. I. , Garifullina A. Zh. , Breslavskaja E. A. 
Published: June 2020

Relevance. Composite materials of light curing have a large number of indications for use and are actively used by dentists in clinical practice. The properties of these materials differ from their composition and the size of the filler. We conducted a survey of dentists of general practitioners of public and private dental clinics in Omsk to determine compliance, objective indicators of physico-chemical parameters of the studied composite materials and their subjective assessment by doctors using these materials in their work.Purpose. Comparison of objective indicators of various properties of photocomposite materials with the subjective assessment of dentists.Materials and methods. The study of the physicochemical properties of light-cured composite materials most commonly used in the practice of Omsk dentists in public and private clinics. A research design was developed and a survey of 148 dentists in Omsk was conducted to determine the subjective assessment of these materials.Results. A comparative analysis of the objective and subjective indicators of composite materials.Conclusions. The physicochemical parameters of the photocomposite materials are fully consistent with the subjective assessment of dentists in Omsk.
Fundamentos teóricos y metodológicos en los estudios del uso de la tierra
Authors: Hernández Medina Erlinda Aurora 
Published: June 2020

El artículo se refiere a los fundamentos teóricos y metodológicos para el análisis del uso de la tierra en espacios geográficos adecuados para la producción; su importancia se manifiesta en el hecho de que la superficie de la tierra está sometida a grandes presiones humanas de poblamiento y de localización de actividades económicas. El análisis del uso refleja el intento de la población en el aprovechamiento de recursos productivos para la subsistencia y su conservación para las generaciones futuras. Recientemente en dicho se está procesando la información mediante herramientas como los Sistemas de Información Geográfica (SIG) y el Procesamiento Digital de Imágenes Satelitales; estos análisis temporales y espaciales, permiten evaluar los cambios ocurridos como consecuencia de la intervención humana sobre el espacio, especialmente los usos relacionados con la producción agrícola y pecuaria. La metodología propuesta consiste en analizar las características físicas del espacio geográfico (el relieve, la hidrología y la vegetación), asentamientos poblacionales, la vialidad, los tipos de uso y actividades productivas y relacionar estos elementos con la actividad humana expresada en factores de producción: necesidades de la población, organización social, disponibilidad de recursos económicos, recursos tecnológicos, tenencia de la tierra, comportamiento del mercado, voluntad y compromiso del Estado.
M-learning: Estrategia para la promoción del aprendizaje electrónico móvil en instituciones de educación superior
Authors: Chirino-García Raysa Chiquinquirá , Hernández-Corona Janeth 
Published: June 2020

El artículo de revisión se orientó en analizar el M-learning como estrategia para la promoción del aprendizaje electrónico móvil en instituciones de educación superior en Venezuela. El abordaje se gestó desde la perspectiva analítica, desarrollándose un proceso reflexivo por parte de las investigadoras empleándose un tipo de investigación documental. Se deja en evidencia que el M-Learning de ninguna manera representa un sustituto de la formación tradicional pues ambas pueden coexistir perfectamente en función de las necesidades, además dado el vertiginoso auge de las nuevas tecnologías, se puede afirmar que los estudiantes conocen bien los diferentes medios informáticos pero los docentes (profesores, tutores y facilitadores, entre otros) son los que manejan la tecnología cognitiva, además que, su misión es enseñarles cómo optimizar y usar dichos dispositivos o instrumentos móviles pero con fines académicos; de ahí el reto al que deben enfrentarse.
Instituciones educativas para el desarrollo de la vitivinicultura litoral. Entre Ríos, Argentina (1904-1918)
Authors: Cian Janet Priscila 
Published: June 2020

El estudio del desarrollo de la vitivinicultura en áreas alejadas de la región cuyana ha sido un tema escasamente abordado. En este artículo se analiza la participación del Estado provincial en el fomento de esta actividad, mediante la organización de una escuela agropecuaria para la formación de personal idóneo en la producción vitivinícola. También se reconstruye su posterior traspaso al gobierno nacional y conversión en estación enológica. El trabajo realizado permitió percibir que el fomento de la actividad vitivinícola, mediante la creación de instituciones afines, tuvo su mayor estímulo en el contexto de una política educativa coyuntural, orientada a la capacitación agropecuaria y el incentivo a las producciones regionales, aunque su impacto fue relativamente inferior a las proyecciones iniciales.
Education Abroad in China: Literature Review of Study Abroad Program Types, Outcomes and Benefits
Authors: Dixon Brett 
Published: June 2020

While there has been an increase in education abroad in China due to China’s rise as an economic, political, military and cultural power, there haven’t been a tremendous number of peer-reviewed articles published in scholarly journals on education abroad programs in China. This paper presents a review of information from peer-reviewed scholarly journals on the types of education abroad programs students, professors and administrators go on in China, organized in a taxonomy, and the outcomes and benefits of these programs that are stated in these sources. The benefits and outcomes of education abroad in China culled from this literature review are matched to the list of ten main outcomes of study abroad programs presented by Parsons (2010). In addition, a list of other outcomes not listed by Parsons (2010) that were identified and categorized through this literature review is presented.
Teaching The Portrait of a Lady as a Tale of Two Travelers
Authors: Muse Amy 
Published: June 2020

I had long considered Henry James’s The Portrait of a Lady the quintessential study abroad novel, not just for the extensive travel that takes place within the storyline but for the “drama of the perceiving mind” (to use Michael Gorra’s words) that James presents us with in his heroine, Isabel Archer. If the most important outcome of education abroad is intellectual development, we must attend to what happens to students’ consciousness, and therefore The Portrait of a Lady, despite what might seem old-fashioned in its setting and plot, still benefits American students venturing out into the world. I assigned the novel for a senior seminar entitled “English Majors in the World” and instructed students to tell the story of their experience reading the novel by tracking their evolving response to Isabel Archer. Almost immediately they resisted Isabel, whom they found cold, incomprehensible, and foolish. (Even though she shares many traits of the so-called Millennials.) They demanded another assignment: to track their responses instead to her freewheeling journalist friend Henrietta Stackpole, a minor character whom I had always seen as a mere comic foil to Isabel. Moving Henrietta to stand alongside Isabel, the novel was turned into a comparative tale of two travelers, two learners abroad: one of old-world introspection and ruin-wandering, the other of new-world group travel and freedom from “drama.” The students’ struggles cast us into current debates in the field of education abroad over what conditions and assignments produce the best learning experiences. James gives only Isabel, not Henrietta, an inner life, a complex consciousness; therefore, following Henrietta forestalls the difficult but indispensable inner work of comprehending one’s own experience, which is essential to intellectual development abroad. The Portrait of a Lady remains for me the quintessential study abroad novel. Just not in the way I once thought it was.
Kritik dalam Ungkapan Bahasa Jawa: Kajian Semantik Kognitif <em>(Criticism in Javanese Idioms: Cognitive Semantic Analysis)</em>
Authors: Wahyuni Tri 
Published: June 2020

Indonesia sangat kaya akan ragam budaya dan bahasa. Keanekaragaman tersebut terejawantah dalam ungkapan-ungkapan khas, seperti pantun atau peribahasa, yang mencerminkan kearifan lokal masyarakat penuturnya. Budaya Jawa merupakan salah satu budaya besar yang bertahan hingga kini. Tulisan ini mengetengahkan kritik dalam ungkapan Jawa melalui kajian semantik kognitif yang bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan ungkapan-ungkapan bahasa Jawa yang mengandung makna kritikan dan menguraikan makna filosofi dalam ungkapan-ungkapan tersebut. Penelitian deskriptif kualitatif ini menggunakan ancangan semantik kognitif. Metode yang digunakan adalah simak, agih, padan, dan wawancara mendalam (in-depth interview) dengan teknik sadap dan perluas. Dari hasil analisis, terdapat 24 ungkapan bahasa Jawa yang mengandung kritik dan memunculkan makna personifikasi, yakni perpaduan konsep yang sama antara sifat binatang atau tokoh manusia dan sikap serta perilaku manusia. Kritik yang terdapat dalam ungkapan-ungkapan Jawa tersebut digunakan sebagai media kontrol sosial.Â Indonesia is very rich in diversity of cultures and languages. Those diversity is manifested in specific expressions, such as poems or proverbs, that reflect the local wisdom of the speaker community. Javanese culture known as a great culture that survives until today. This paper explores criticism in Javanese expressions in a form of cognitive semantic study. The aim of this paper is describing Javanese expressions that contain critical meanings and describing philosophical meanings in those expressions. This qualitative descriptive study used cognitive semantic design. The methods used were simak, agih, padan, and in-depth interview with tapping and expanding techniques. The analysis founded 24 Javanese expressions that contain criticism and give rise to the personification meaning, namely the combination of the same concepts between the nature of animals or human figures with human attitudes and behavior. Criticism in those Javanese idioms are used as a form of social control.
Kasus Pembubaran Upacara Odalan di Bantul Yogyakarta: Analisis Wacana Kritis Pemberitaan <em>CnnIndonesia.Com</em> dan <em>Solopos.Com</em> <em>(The Case of Odalan Dissolution Ceremony in Bantul Yogyakarta: Critical Discourse Analysis in CNNIndonesia.com and Solopos.com News)</em>
Authors: Musrichah Anggun Putri Aminatul 
Published: June 2020

Berbagai media lokal maupun media nasional memberitakan kasus pembubaran upacara odalan di Bantul Yogyakarta dengan berbagai bias. Penelitian ini menganalisis wacana yang diproduksi oleh media nasional CNNIndonesia.com dan media lokal Solopos.com guna mengungkapkan kecenderungan kedua media tersebut dalam memberitakan kasus pembubaran upacara odalan. Teori yang digunakan adalah tiga dimensi analisis wacana kritis Norman Fairlough, yaitu dimensi tekstual, praktik wacana, dan sosiokultural dengan tiga tahapan pendekatan, yaitu deskripsi, eksplanasi, dan interpretasi. Dalam tahap dimensi teks, peranti teks yang dianalisis adalah judul, struktur gramatika, dan penggunaan konjungsi. Dimensi kedua, peneliti menganalisis interdiskursivitas dan intertekstualitas untuk menjelaskan bagaimana media mengonstruksi teks berita. Pada dimensi ketiga peneliti menjelaskan praktik sosiokultural dengan analisis kuasa dan ideologi. Hasil penelitian ini adalah CNNIndonesia.com berpihak pada kelompok penyelenggara upacara odalan, sebaliknya Solopos.com berpihak pada kelompok warga yang menolak. Media menggunakan aktor terkait sebagai kuasa atas ideologi masing-masing pihak.Â The various local media and national media report about a case of the dissolution of the odalan ceremony in Bantul Yogyakarta with a different bias. This study analyzes the discourse that was produced by CNNindonesia and Solopos.com in order to reveal how the national media trends CNNIndonesia.com and local media Solopos.com in reporting the odalan ceremony case. The theory used is the three dimentions of Norman Faircoughâ€™s critical discourse analysis, namely the textual dimension, discourse practice, and the sociocultural with three stages approach: description, explanation, and interpretation. In the text dimension stage, the text tools analyzed are the title, gramatical structure of the contents of the text, and the use of conjunctions. The second dimension, the researcher analyzes the interdiscursivity and intextuality sections to explain how the media construct the news text. In the third part, the researcher explains sociocultural practices by analyzing power and ideology. The results are CNNIndonesia.com taking sides with the odalan ceremony group and vice versa Solopos.com taking sides with residents who refuse. The media uses related actors as power over ideology of each party.
Assessing impact of dams on genetic diversity of native fish Mastacembelus armatus in river Yamuna using mitochondrial DNA cytochrome-b sequences as a molecular marker
Authors: Thapliyal Madhu , Sati B. K. , Thapliyal A. 
Published: June 2020

Several dams have been constructed in Uttarakhand. In the present study an investigation on impact of dams on genetic diversity of native fish species Mastacembelus armatus at the Asan barrage on river Yamuna near Vikasnagar, Uttarakhand in India was done. Partial sequence of mitochondrial Cytochrome-b (Cyto-b) gene was used to determine the genetic variation in the population of Mastacembelus armatus. DNA was extracted from Mastacembelus armatus (n=33) samples, collected from river Yamuna and its tributary Asan from fin and fishes were released back in their habitat. Cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) was used to ascertain the species of fish along with morphometric characters. Analysis of 324 bp mtDNA fragment of Cyto-b revealed the presence of 06 haplotypes with nucleotide diversity, value ranged from 0.0172 to 0.0021 low pair wise Fst value was observed negative (-0.00125) when compared between Asan barrage and Kalsi site. No genetic subdivisions between the population were found after or before the dam sites. Tajima’s D value for river Asan, site A1 Mirzapur (before dam) was -0.1167 (a negative value). Negative Tajima D value can be indicative of recent selective sweep or population expansion after a recent bottleneck and linkage to a swept gene. Our data shows that fragmentation of habitat by dams does not have any impact on the genetic diversity of non-migrating Mastacembelus armatus fish species.
Causes and remedial measures for rockfall and landslides in Naini lake basin: Uttarakhand, India
Authors: Singh Kanchan , Singh M.P. 
Published: June 2020

The history of Naini Lake Basin reveals that this beautiful scenic natural surrounding has been a victim of landslides, mass erosion, rock-fall and slumping. Its location in highest rainfall zone, weak lithology and topography are the obvious reasons for these activities. Moreover the rising anthropogenic interferences like construction activities and deforestation on this geo-dynamically unstable zone has added more to the problem. The manuscript accounts of incidences of landslide and erosion activities, their causes and effects afterwards. An effort to stratify and to mark the comparatively lesser stable zones and patches in and around the lake basin has been made to demarcate the risk prone belt. Adequate measures for environmental planning and proper implementation of such plans are the utmost need of the hour to safeguard not only the beautiful basin but also the olives and property of population living under the continuous threat of disaster.
Impact of shifting cultivation on mammalian diversity and distribution in fringe areas of Dampa tiger reserve, Mizoram, India
Authors: Sushanto Gouda  , Ht. Decemson  , Abinash Parida  , Solanki G.S. 
Published: June 2020

Shifting cultivation is a largely practiced agricultural technique in the north-eastern part of India. This has led the fragmentation of natural habitat for wildlife species. Impact of jhum cultivation on distribution of mammalian species was studied through transect survey for scat, camera trapping, and burrow counting. Barking deer (27%) and wild boar (24%) were most frequent visitors. Among the carnivores highest abundance (3-5 scat samples per jhum field) was recorded for leopard cat and Indian Palm civet. 2-5 years old abandoned jhum fields were recorded to be suitable habitat for movement of large herbivores. The frequency of scat decreased with age of the jhum >5 yrs. Road sides, trails and primary forest near the active jhum forest were actively visited by clouded leopard. The encounter rate for active and old burrows of rodents were highest in 1-2 years old/ recently abandoned jhum fields with a rate of 3.56 km2 and 2.68 km2 respectively. Camera trapping also resulted in 36 images of different animal species. Increased spatial heterogeneity promotes mammalian distribution.
SPINDLE-WHORLS FROM THE LATE TRYPILLIA SETTLEMENT TROIANIV
Authors: Burdo N. B. 
Published: June 2020

At the Troianiv settlement more than 200 ceramic whole and fragmened spindle-whorls (SW) have been found. The size of the SW from Troianiv can be roughly divided into large, medium and small, with a diameter of approximately 55, 40 and 30 mm respectively. The height of the SW is from 2.0 to 3.5 cm. The weight of the SW ranges from about 20 up to 45 g.
The shape of the SW from Troianiv was not standardized. Their profiles are varied but they mostly come down to a conical or biconical shape.
Most of the SW has no decoration, only 56 items are ornamented. Two basic techniques are used to decorate — crossed lines and small needles made by very fine needle-shape tool. Only conical part on the Troianiv SW was covered by decoration.
There are two main schemes of ornamentation — the radial and the circular ones. Large number of the items has the pictographic images. Among them several types of drawings can be distinguished with the dominated sign that most likely acts as a symbol of vegetation. The plant symbols on the spears are in conjunction with the zigzag and cross signs. The analysis of Troianiv SW suggests that they were not only utilitarian objects but also used in cult practice.
With the SW from the Late Trypillia and other Early Bronze Age (EBA) cultural groups Troianiv items is definite unity by morphological features and decoration. However, many ornamental elements are inherent in the decoration of the SW from the specific locally-chronological groups of Trypillya CII and may indicate the identity of particular social collectives with common traditions in the sacral sphere. The analogies to the Troianiv SW in different EBA cultural groups testify to the close intercultural links between Late Trypllia and neighboring cultures.