bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Urine-Based Liquid Biopsy Method for Detection of Upper Tract Urinary Carcinoma
Authors: Xu Yansheng , Ma Xin , Ai Xing , Gao Jiangping , Liang Yiming , Zhang Qin , Ma Tonghui , Mao Kaisheng , Zheng Qiaosong , Wang Sizhen , Jiao Yuchen , Zhang Xu , Li Hongzhao 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Conventional clinical detection methods such as CT, urine cytology, and ureteroscopy display low sensitivity and/or are invasive in the diagnosis of upper tract urinary carcinoma (UTUC), a factor precluding their use. Previous studies on urine biopsy have not shown satisfactory sensitivity and specificity in the application of both gene mutation or gene methylation panels. Therefore, these unfavorable factors call for an urgent need for a sensitive and non-invasive method for the diagnosis of UTUC.Methods: In this study, a total of 161 hematuria patients were enrolled with (n=69) or without (n=92) UTUC. High-throughput sequencing of 17 genes and methylation analysis for ONECUT2 CpG sites were combined as a liquid biopsy test panel. Further, a logistic regression prediction model that contained several significant features was used to evaluate the risk of UTUC in these patients.Results: In total, 86 UTUC- and 64 UTUC+ case samples were enrolled for the analysis. A logistic regression analysis of significant features including age, the mutation status of TERT promoter and ONECUT2 methylation level resulted inan optimal model with a sensitivity of 94.0%, a specificity of 93.1%, the positive predictive value of 92.2% and a negative predictive value of 94.7%. Notably, the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.957 in the training dataset while internal validation produced an AUC of 0.962. It is worth noting that during follow-up, a patient diagnosed with ureteral inflammation at the time of diagnosis exhibiting both positive mutation and methylation test results was diagnosed with ureteral carcinoma 17 months after his enrollment.Conclusion: This work utilized the epigenetic biomarker ONECUT2 for the first time in the detection of UTUC and discovered its superior performance. To improve its sensitivity, we combined the biomarker with a high-throughput sequencing of 17 genes test. It was found that the selected logistic regression model diagnosed with ureteral cancerThetcan evaluate upper tract urinary carcinoma risk of patients with hematuria and outperform other existing panels in providing clinical recommendations for the diagnosis of UTUC. Moreover, its high negative predictive value is conducive to rule to exclude patients without UTUC.
Endoscopic Resection Versus Surgical Resection for Gastric Neuroendocrine Neoplasms Without Distant Metastasis
Authors: Shi Huiying , Yao Hailing , Tian Shuxin , Jiang Chen , Zhang Qin , Lin Rong 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Resection is the main method for treating gastric neuroendocrine neoplasms (g-NENs). However, the threshold for tumor size needs to be removed, and the prognostic difference between the endoscopic and surgical resection groups remains unclear.

Methods: In this study, 929 g-NENs patients without distant metastasis were collected and analyzed (857 patients from the SEER database, 72 patients from Wuhan Union Hospital or the First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University).

Results: Overall, for g-NENs without distant metastasis, the resected group had a better prognosis than the unresected group ( p =0.0019). For tumor >2cm, the resection group had a better prognosis than the unresected group ( p =0.0002), but there was no significant difference in survival between the endoscopic and surgical resection group ( p >0.05). For tumor <1cm or 1-2cm, there was no significant difference in survival between the resected group and the unresected group, and there was no significant difference in survival between the endoscopic resection group and the surgical resection group ( p >0.05). Furthermore, for g-NENs confined to in-situ and T1, or with well-differentiated morphology or w/wo lymph node metastasis without distant metastasis, there was no significant difference in prognosis between the endoscopic resection group and the surgical resection group ( p >0.05).

Conclusions: Resection can significantly improve the prognosis of g-NENs patients without distant metastasis, and 2cm can be used as a resection threshold. For g-NENs within the size of endoscopic resection, which localized in situ and T1, or with well-differentiated morphology, or w/wo lymph node metastasis without distant metastasis, endoscopic resection is feasible.
Referrals to a Pediatric Emergency Department of a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital Before and After Introduction of a Referral Education Module - A Quality Improvement Study
Authors: Ezhumalai Gopalakrishnan , Jayashree Muralidharan , Nallasamy Karthi , Bansal Arun , Bharti Bhavneet 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Provision of timely care to critically ill children is essential for good outcome. Referral from smaller peripheral hospitals to higher centers for intensive care is common. However, lack of an organized referral and feedback system compromises optimal care. We studied the quality of referral letters coming to our Emergency Department (ED) with respect to their demography, association with severity of illness and mortality before and after referral education. Methods: Our study was completed in three phases in the Pediatric ED; Pre-intervention, Intervention and Post intervention phases. Quality of referral letter was matched with a quality checklist proforma and graded as ‘good’, ‘fair’ and ‘poor’ if it scored >7, 5 –7 and < 5 points respectively. A peer reviewed referral education module was prepared using case studies, expert opinions, and lacunae observed in the first phase and administered to health care providers (HCP’s) of referring hospitals. Quality of referral letter was compared between pre and post intervention phases.Results: Most referrals belonged to the neighboring states of Punjab (48.2%) and Haryana (22.4%). Major referring hospitals were from public sector (80.9%), of which the teaching hospitals topped the list (53.6%). Government run ambulance services (85.5%) was commonest mode of transport used and need for a PICU bed and/or mechanical ventilation (50.4%) was the commonest reason for referral. The post intervention phase saw a significant decline in the proportion of poor (93.2 vs.78.2%; p=0.001) and a significant increase in the proportion of fair (6.1 vs 18%; p=0.001) and good referral letters (0.7 vs 18%; p=0.001). The proportion of children with physiological decompensation at triage had reduced significantly in the post intervention phase [513 out of 1403 (36.5%) vs. 310 out of 957 (32.3%); p= 0.001]. Conclusion: Referral education had significantly improved the quality of referral letters. Proportion of children with physiological decompensation at triage had decreased significantly after referral module. This change suggests sensitization of the peripheral hospitals towards a better referral process. Continued multifaceted approach will be required for sustained and increased benefits.
Assessment of Effects of Solvents on Cocrystallization by Computational Simulation Approach
Authors: Dhibar Manami , Chakraborty Santanu , Basak Souvik 
Published: August 2020

Purpose:
The sole purpose of this study is to improve the solubility and dissolution of
telmisartan by cocrystallization technique and apply a computational simulation approach to assess the
nature of chemical interactions between telmisartan and coformer as well as the solvent contribution to
the molecules for furnishing cocrystallization.

Methods:
The effects of various concentrations of coformer i.e. oxalic acid on physicochemical parameters
and drug release were investigated.

Results:
Solubility studies suggested that cocrystallization technique with oxalic acid helps to increase
the solubility of pure telmisartan of about 7 folds and drug release study revealed that telmisartan-oxalic
acid cocrystals showed greater dissolution as compared to pure telmisartan. SEM study suggested that
prepared telmisartan cocrystals showed rhomboid-shaped crystals with sharp edges and smooth surface.
FTIR study revealed that shifting in the vibrational frequencies of C=O group of telmisartan in telmisartan-
oxalic acid cocrystal indicates the formation of supra molecular hetero synthon of the cocrystal. DSC
and XRD studies confirmed the formation of telmisartan-oxalic acid cocrystals. Computational simulation
approach revealed that telmisartan and oxalic acid can interact with each other in the presence of
methanol and water where oxalic acid can form interactions principally with the others. The interactions,
thereof, may form several associations or bondings in between the drug and carrier modifying the planarity,
bond energy, bond angles of both which subsequently lead to cocrystallization.

Conclusion:
So, the present research concluded that prepared telmisartan-oxalic acid cocrystal is a successful
application of crystal engineering approach to improve the physicochemical properties as well as
to enhance the solubility and dissolution of telmisartan.
Molecular Docking, Drug-Likeness and ADMET Analysis, Application of
Density Functional Theory (DFT) and Molecular Dynamics (MD) Simulation
to the Phytochemicals from Withania Somnifera as Potential Antagonists
of Estrogen Receptor Alpha (ER- α)
Authors: Hossain Alamgir 
Published: August 2020

Introduction:
Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of death of women every year. Estrogen receptor alpha (ER-α) is an important pathway that is responsible for the development of breast cancer. Tamoxifen is the most commonly used to treat breast cancer. But the main drawback of using the drug is that it increases the risk of uterine cancer, stroke,and pulmonary embolism.

Methods:
In this research, the in-silico approach was followed to get the anticancer agent from Withania somnifera as the root extract of the plant is active against breast cancer. For this, 15 bioactive molecules were subjected to molecular docking and got 9 molecules comparing the consensus binding affinity of H3B-9224.

Results:
After rescoring, drug-likeness analysis, and ADMET analysis of the molecules were done and 3 molecules remained. These 3 molecules showed good ADMET properties which arecrucial requirements in the drug discovery process. Their activity was checked by applying density functional theory (DFT) and all of them showed good reactivity. Their binding interaction was also evaluated.

Conclusion:
Finally, the stability of those molecules checked by applying molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. After this simulation, 2 molecules remained that had good stability with the protein during the simulation period.
Relationship between sodium, calcium, and preeclampsia during pregnancy : a Cross-sectional study
Authors: Handayani Fitri , Fatimah Fatimah , Kurniasari Yulinda , Ayuningrum Lia Dian 
Published: August 2020

<p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong><strong></strong></p><p><strong><em>Background:</em></strong> In the world maternal mortality as many as 830 women died due to complications in childbirth. In 2015, 303.000 women died during pregnancy and after pregnancy. Target Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) year 2030 lowers MATERNAL MORTALITY RATE under 70 per 100.000 live births. Pregnancy complications can cause bleeding before or after childbirth, preeclampsia, eclampsia, infections, and others. Maternal death case in Kab. Bantul in 2015 is 9 cases. Research Data in the Panembahan Senopati Hospital in the year 2017 the incidence of childbirth with complications of 1068 people. The prevalence of preeclampsia in expectant mothers is 176 people by 16.47%.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This research aims to know the relationship of sodium and calcium consumption in the mother of Nifas with preeclampsia during pregnancy in the Panembahan Senopati Hospital. Number of Samples were 54 postpartum women in Panembahan Senopati Bantul. Processing and analysis of data using the Chi-square test.</p><p><strong>Method<em>s: </em></strong>This type of research is an analytical observational, with a research design using a cross-sectional.</p><p><strong><em>Results:</em></strong> Characteristics of most respondents in the age category of 20-35 years as many as 38 people (70.4%), education graduated of senior high school 28 people (51.9%), history of not hypertension as many as 51 people (94.4%) and has no preeclampsia history as much as 50 people (92.6%). Statistical test results of Chi-square and p-value sodium was 0.564 (&gt; 0.05) and P-value calcium was 1.000 (&gt; 0.05).</p><p><strong><em>Conclusion</em></strong>: There is no relationship between sodium and calcium consumption of postpartum women with preeclampsia problem during pregnancy at Panembahan Senopati Hospital.</p><p><strong>KEYWORDS:</strong> <em>calcium, <em>preeclampsia, </em></em>s<em>odium</em></p>
Applying Machine Learning Models with An Ensemble Approach for Accurate Real-Time Influenza Forecasting in Taiwan: Development and Validation Study
Authors: Cheng Hao-Yuan , Wu Yu-Chun , Lin Min-Hau , Liu Yu-Lun , Tsai Yue-Yang , Wu Jo-Hua , Pan Ke-Han , Ke Chih-Jung , Chen Chiu-Mei , Liu Ding-Ping , Lin I-Feng , Chuang Jen-Hsiang 
Published: August 2020

Background
Changeful seasonal influenza activity in subtropical areas such as Taiwan causes problems in epidemic preparedness. The Taiwan Centers for Disease Control has maintained real-time national influenza surveillance systems since 2004. Except for timely monitoring, epidemic forecasting using the national influenza surveillance data can provide pivotal information for public health response.

Objective
We aimed to develop predictive models using machine learning to provide real-time influenza-like illness forecasts.

Methods
Using surveillance data of influenza-like illness visits from emergency departments (from the Real-Time Outbreak and Disease Surveillance System), outpatient departments (from the National Health Insurance database), and the records of patients with severe influenza with complications (from the National Notifiable Disease Surveillance System), we developed 4 machine learning models (autoregressive integrated moving average, random forest, support vector regression, and extreme gradient boosting) to produce weekly influenza-like illness predictions for a given week and 3 subsequent weeks. We established a framework of the machine learning models and used an ensemble approach called stacking to integrate these predictions. We trained the models using historical data from 2008-2014. We evaluated their predictive ability during 2015-2017 for each of the 4-week time periods using Pearson correlation, mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), and hit rate of trend prediction. A dashboard website was built to visualize the forecasts, and the results of real-world implementation of this forecasting framework in 2018 were evaluated using the same metrics.

Results
All models could accurately predict the timing and magnitudes of the seasonal peaks in the then-current week (nowcast) (ρ=0.802-0.965; MAPE: 5.2%-9.2%; hit rate: 0.577-0.756), 1-week (ρ=0.803-0.918; MAPE: 8.3%-11.8%; hit rate: 0.643-0.747), 2-week (ρ=0.783-0.867; MAPE: 10.1%-15.3%; hit rate: 0.669-0.734), and 3-week forecasts (ρ=0.676-0.801; MAPE: 12.0%-18.9%; hit rate: 0.643-0.786), especially the ensemble model. In real-world implementation in 2018, the forecasting performance was still accurate in nowcasts (ρ=0.875-0.969; MAPE: 5.3%-8.0%; hit rate: 0.582-0.782) and remained satisfactory in 3-week forecasts (ρ=0.721-0.908; MAPE: 7.6%-13.5%; hit rate: 0.596-0.904).

Conclusions
This machine learning and ensemble approach can make accurate, real-time influenza-like illness forecasts for a 4-week period, and thus, facilitate decision making.
Effectiveness of a Smartphone App With a Wearable Activity Tracker in Preventing the Recurrence of Mood Disorders: Prospective Case-Control Study
Authors: Cho Chul-Hyun , Lee Taek , Lee Jung-Been , Seo Ju Yeon , Jee Hee-Jung , Son Serhim , An Hyonggin , Kim Leen , Lee Heon-Jeong 
Published: August 2020

Background
Smartphones and wearable devices can be used to obtain diverse daily log data related to circadian rhythms. For patients with mood disorders, giving feedback via a smartphone app with appropriate behavioral correction guides could play an important therapeutic role in the real world.

Objective
We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a smartphone app named Circadian Rhythm for Mood (CRM), which was developed to prevent mood episodes based on a machine learning algorithm that uses passive digital phenotype data of circadian rhythm behaviors obtained with a wearable activity tracker. The feedback intervention for the CRM app consisted of a trend report of mood prediction, H-score feedback with behavioral guidance, and an alert system triggered when trending toward a high-risk state.

Methods
In total, 73 patients with a major mood disorder were recruited and allocated in a nonrandomized fashion into 2 groups: the CRM group (14 patients) and the non-CRM group (59 patients). After the data qualification process, 10 subjects in the CRM group and 33 subjects in the non-CRM group were evaluated over 12 months. Both groups were treated in a similar manner. Patients took their usual medications, wore a wrist-worn activity tracker, and checked their eMoodChart daily. Patients in the CRM group were provided with daily feedback on their mood prediction and health scores based on the algorithm. For the CRM group, warning alerts were given when irregular life patterns were observed. However, these alerts were not given to patients in the non-CRM group. Every 3 months, mood episodes that had occurred in the previous 3 months were assessed based on the completed daily eMoodChart for both groups. The clinical course and prognosis, including mood episodes, were evaluated via face-to-face interviews based on the completed daily eMoodChart. For a 1-year prospective period, the number and duration of mood episodes were compared between the CRM and non-CRM groups using a generalized linear model.

Results
The CRM group had 96.7% fewer total depressive episodes (n/year; exp β=0.033, P=.03), 99.5% shorter depressive episodes (total; exp β=0.005, P<.001), 96.1% shorter manic or hypomanic episodes (exp β=0.039, P<.001), 97.4% fewer total mood episodes (exp β=0.026, P=.008), and 98.9% shorter mood episodes (total; exp β=0.011, P<.001) than the non-CRM group. Positive changes in health behaviors due to the alerts and in wearable device adherence rates were observed in the CRM group.

Conclusions
The CRM app with a wearable activity tracker was found to be effective in preventing and reducing the recurrence of mood disorders, improving prognosis, and promoting better health behaviors. Patients appeared to develop a regular habit of using the CRM app.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03088657; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03088657
SUR LA TRADUCTION DE LA POÉSIE DE MILOVAN DANOJLIĆ EN FRANÇAIS
Authors: Živić Nataša , Stanković Selena 
Published: August 2020

Dans le présent travail, nous examinons la traduction française de quelques poèmes de Milovan Danojlić du recueil « Пeсмe » [Poèmes] (1980). Les poèmes étudiés sont traduits en français par Vesna Bernard-Radović et publiés dans le recueil « Seule la lumière : poèmes, 1957–2007 » (2010). Du point de vue morphosyntaxique, sémantique et stylistique, nous analysons la manière de transmettre l’idée de l’original et le style du poète et nous déterminons si la traductrice réussit à transposer dans la langue cible le rythme original et la rime du poème. Notre recherche s’effectue dans le cadre de la conception linguistique de la traduction et par le biais de la méthode contrastive. En vue d’explorer les transformations traductologiques faites lors du processus de traduction, nous nous servons de la classification des techniques proposée par P. Newmark (1988) et fondée sur la typologie établie par J.-P. Vinay et J. Darbelnet (1972). Le corpus de notre recherche est composé de trois poèmes de Danojlić : Инсeкти/Les insectes, Пeршун/Le persil et Дуњa/Le coing.
SECCIÓN VII. Población pediátrica. Consenso colombiano de atención, diagnóstico y manejo de la infección por SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 en establecimientos de atención de la salud: Recomendaciones basadas en consenso de expertos e informadas en la evidencia ACIN-IETS. SEGUNDA EDICIÓN. 1 de agosto de 2020
Authors: Saavedra Trujillo. Carlos Humberto 
Published: August 2020

A pesar de que la infección es más prevalente en los adultos; el número de casos en la población pediátrica ha ido en aumento. La presentación clínica es variable y puede ir desde una infección asintomática hasta presentarse como insuficiencia respiratoria aguda, requiriendo manejo en la unidad de cuidados intensivos. En la población pediátrica, sobre todo en los menores de 15 años, se han descrito manifestaciones que pueden estar o no asociadas a fiebre, presencia de síntomas respiratorios (tos, odinofagia, entre otras) y/o síntomas gastrointestinales que pueden ir desde leves a severos. Según la gravedad de la sintomatología, los casos se han estratificado en asintomáticos, leves, graves o críticos, siguiendo los lineamientos de la OMS. Para considerar un caso como sospechoso se debe tener en cuenta el nexo epidemiológico, los síntomas clínicos, los hallazgos radiológicos y de laboratorio. Un caso confirmado es aquel en el que se tiene una PCR SARS-CoV-2 o estudios serológicos (IgM e IgG) positivos. Respecto al tratamiento de esta nueva enfermedad, se han realizado múltiples ensayos clínicos con medicamentos como hidroxicloroquina, cloroquina, ivermectina, tocilizumab, entre otros, en búsqueda de un manejo apropiado; sin embargo, hasta el momento no existe un medicamento que haya demostrado efectividad, y por lo tanto no es posible recomendar un tratamiento específico para la infección por SARS-CoV-2.Este capítulo del consenso presenta la información que se tiene hasta la fecha, acerca de esta patología en la población pediátrica. Se reportan los principales signos y síntomas basados en las series de casos publicadas. Se sugiere una clasificación clínica según la severidad de la infección; así como la evidencia disponible en cuanto a tratamiento de la infección por SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19.Se describe además lo reportado más recientemente en la literatura, frente al aumento inusual de casos de un síndrome inflamatorio similar a la Enfermedad de Kawasaki, que se ha denominado Síndrome Inflamatorio sistémico temporalmente asociado a SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19, (SIMS-TAC por sus siglas en español o PIMS-TS por sus siglas en inglés Pediatric Inflammatory Multisystem Syndrome Temporally Associated with SARS-CoV-2). Finalmente se realiza una recomendación sobre la necesidad de continuar con los esquemas de vacunación, que son necesarios para evitar infecciones circulantes o el resurgimiento de otras ya erradicadas.
Controlling for Corporate Governance in Nonprofit Research
Authors: Boland Colleen M. , Harris Erica E. , Petrovits Christine M. , Yetman Michelle H. 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT
Using a large sample of nonprofit organizations in the United States reporting governance information on their IRS Forms 990, we develop and evaluate several different composite measures of nonprofit governance. These measures can be used to control for governance broadly in a variety of settings, including research that examines nonprofit funding, reporting quality, and executive compensation. Our results suggest that relatively basic indices perform as well as, and in some cases better than, more complex indices. In fact, when controlling for governance in the standard donations model, the collective evidence indicates that an index computed using the simple sum of five binary indicators (audit committee, majority independent board, no outsourcing, CEO salary review, and information available on the organization's website) performs best.
Data Availability: All data are publicly available.