bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of structured interdisciplinary bedside rounding on patient outcomes at a large academic health centre
Authors: Sunkara Padageshwar R , Islam Tareq , Bose Abhishek , Rosenthal Gary E , Chevli Parag , Jogu Hanumantha , TK Luqman Arafath , Huang Chi-Cheng , Chaudhary Dipendra , Beekman Daniel , Dutta Abhishek , Menon Suma , Speiser Jaime L 
Published: December 2019

BackgroundEffective communication between healthcare providers and patients and their family members is an integral part of daily care and discharge planning for hospitalised patients. Several studies suggest that team-based care is associated with improved length of stay (LOS), but the data on readmissions are conflicting. Our study evaluated the impact of structured interdisciplinary bedside rounding (SIBR) on outcomes related to readmissions and LOS.MethodsThe SIBR team consisted of a physician and/or advanced practice provider, bedside nurse, pharmacist, social worker and bridge nurse navigator. Outcomes were compared in patients admitted to a hospital medicine unit using SIBR (n=1451) and a similar control unit (n=770) during the period of October 2016 to September 2017. Multivariable negative binomial regression analysis was used to compare LOS and logistic regression analysis was used to calculate 30-day and 7-day readmission in patients admitted to SIBR and control units, adjusting for covariates.ResultsPatients admitted to SIBR and control units were generally similar (p≥0.05) with respect to demographic and clinical characteristics. Unadjusted readmission rates in SIBR patients were lower than in control patients at both 30 days (16.6% vs 20.3%, p=0.03) and 7 days (6.3% vs 9.0%, p=0.02) after discharge, while LOS was similar. After adjusting for covariates, SIBR was not significantly related to the odds of 30-day readmission (OR 0.81, p=0.07) but was lower for 7-day readmission (OR 0.70, p=0.03); LOS was similar in both groups (p=0.58).ConclusionSIBR did not reduce LOS and 30-day readmissions but had a significant impact on 7-day readmissions.
Firearm ownership and acquisition in California: findings from the 2018 California Safety and Well-being Survey
Authors: Kravitz-Wirtz Nicole , Pallin Rocco , Miller Matthew , Azrael Deborah , Wintemute Garen J 
Published: December 2019

ObjectiveTo describe the prevalence of and factors associated with firearm ownership; the types, subtypes and quantity of firearms owned; and when, where and why firearms were acquired in California.MethodsA cross-sectional analysis of a state-representative, probability-based, internet survey of California adults was conducted in September–October 2018 (n=2558; completion rate 49%). Household firearm ownership was ascertained for all respondents; personal firearm ownership was ascertained only among respondents who reported living in a home with firearms; and information on the types and quantity of firearms owned and details about recently acquired firearms came from firearm owners only.FindingsRoughly one in four (25%, 95% CI 22% to 28%) California adults live in a home with a firearm, including 4.2 million adults—14% (95% CI 13% to 16%) of the adult population—who personally own a firearm. These owners collectively own an estimated 19.9 million firearms (8.9 million handguns). Approximately half (48%, 95% CI 34% to 61%) of the firearm stock in California is owned by the 10% (95% CI 6% to 14%) of owners who own 10 or more firearms, though more than half (54%, 95% CI 47% to 62%) of owners in the state own only one or two firearms. Most (69%, 95% CI 63% to 75%) owners purchased their last firearm from a firearm retailer, usually a handgun purchased primarily for protection against people.ConclusionThis study provides the most detailed and up-to-date information available on firearm ownership and acquisition in California. Results can inform firearm violence prevention efforts and public health, safety and policy development in California and nationally.
Do we need 30 min cortisol measurement in the short synacthen test: a retrospective study
Authors: Kumar Rajeev , Carr Peter , Moore Kimberley , Rajput Zeeshan , Ward Louise , Wassif W S 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe short synacthen test (SST) is widely used across the UK to assess adrenal reserve but there remains no consensus on the timing of cortisol sampling to help diagnose adrenal insufficiency. The main objective of our study was to see if both 30 and 60 min sample are required following administration of synacthen to investigate suspected adrenal insufficiency (AI).DesignThis was a single-centre retrospective study of 393 SSTs measuring 0, 30 and 60 min cortisol levels after administration of 250 µg of synacthen.Patients and methodsAll the SSTs for patients suspected of primary or secondary AI between April 2016 and October 2018 were included in this study. The tests were performed as per our hospital protocol. A post-adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) cortisol response of 420 nmol/L at any time point was considered adequate to rule out AI. The data were analysed to ascertain the proportion of patients who achieved this level at 30 and/or 60 min.ResultsA total of 393 SST results were included in this study. Patients were divided into two groups depending on whether (group A) or not (group B) they were on steroids. Overall, a total of 313 (79.6%) subjects achieved cortisol level of ≥420 nmol/L at 30 and 60 min while 19 (4.8%) had late response (ie, insufficient 30 min cortisol levels, rising to ≥420 nmol/L at 60 min). Another 61 subjects (15.5%) showed insufficient response at both 30 and 60 min (ie, failed to achieved level of ≥420 nmol/L). Importantly, there was no patient in either group who had adequate response at 30 min and then failed at 60 min. Patients in group A were more likely to have inadequate response at both 30 and 60 min while patients in group B were more likely to have normal response at both time points.ConclusionsOur results suggest that about 5% of people undergoing SST may be inappropriately diagnosed as having AI (and subjected to long-term unnecessary steroid treatment) if the 60 min sample is not maintained. We suggest that 30 min sample does not add any additional diagnostic utility and can be omitted thus simplifying SST even further and saving on cost and resources. We propose that single measurement after 60 min of administration of synthetic ACTH is a sufficient screening test for AI.
Novel bacterial vaginosis-associated organisms mediate the relationship between vaginal douching and pelvic inflammatory disease
Authors: Gondwe Tamala , Ness Roberta , Totten Patricia A , Astete Sabina , Tang Gong , Gold Melanie A , Martin David , Haggerty Catherine L 
Published: December 2019

Objectives

We sought to determine whether the relationship between a history of vaginal douching and pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is mediated by endometrial infection with one or more novel bacterial vaginosis (BV)-associated organisms among
Atopobium vaginae
, the BV-associated bacterium 1 (BVAB1),
neathia
(
Leptotrichia
)
amnionii
and
Sneathia sanguinegens
.

Methods
We first conducted log-binomial regression analyses to identify risk factors for endometrial infection in 535 adolescent and adult women with clinically suspected PID in the PID Evaluation and Clinical Health (PEACH) study. We then examined whether endometrial infection by the BV-associated organisms mediated the association between a history of vaginal douching and histologically confirmed PID using inverse probability weighted marginal structural models.

Results
Vaginal douching was significantly associated with endometrial infection with one or more of the targeted BV-associated organisms (relative risk (RR) 1.21, 95% CI: 1.08 to 1.35). The total effect estimate suggested that vaginal douching increased the risk of endometritis by 24% (RR 1.24, 95% CI: 1.03 to 1.49). The controlled direct effect of this association was attenuated with endometrial infection by one or more BV-associated organisms (adjusted RR (aRR) 1.00, 95% CI: 0.57 to 1.74) and endometrial infection by all four BV-associated organisms (aRR 0.95, 95% CI: 0.53 to 1.70) as intermediate variables.

Conclusions
Endometrial infection with one or more of the novel BV-associated organisms partially mediated the relationship between vaginal douching and histologically confirmed endometritis in the PEACH study. Frequent vaginal douching may confer risk for endometritis through increasing the risk of endometrial infection by novel-BV-associated organisms. Other potential pathways should be explored.
Effect of blood flow occlusion on neuromuscular fatigue following sustained maximal isometric contraction
Authors: Oranchuk Dustin J. , Koral Jérôme , da Mota Gustavo R. , Wrightson James G. , Soares Rogério , Twomey Rosie , Millet Guillaume Y. 
Published: December 2019

Sustained isometric maximal voluntary contractions (IMVCs) have blood flow occlusive effects on the microvasculature. However, it is unknown if this effect would be magnified with additional blood flow restriction via a cuff and what the influence on fatigue development would be. Twelve healthy male participants performed a 1-min IMVC of the knee extensors with and without additional blood flow occlusion induced by pneumatic cuff in counterbalanced order on separate days. Vastus lateralis muscle deoxygenation was estimated via near-infrared spectroscopy–derived tissue oxygen saturation (SmO2) throughout the fatiguing contraction. Central and peripheral measures of neuromuscular fatigue (NMF) were assessed via surface electromyography (EMG) and force responses to voluntary contractions and peripheral nerve/transcranial magnetic stimulations before, immediately after, and throughout an 8-min recovery period. SmO2, force, and EMG amplitude decreased during the 1-min IMVC, but there were no between-condition differences. Similarly, no significant (p > 0.05) between-condition differences were detected for any dependent variable immediately after the fatiguing contraction. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)-derived voluntary activation was lower (p < 0.05) in the no-cuff condition during the recovery period. Sustained IMVC results in a similar degree of muscle deoxygenation and NMF as IMVCs with additional occlusion, providing further evidence that a sustained IMVC induces full ischemia. Novelty NMF etiology, muscle oxygenation, and corticospinal factors during an IMVC are similar with or without an occlusion cuff. Contrary to all other measures, TMS-evaluated voluntary activation returned to baseline faster following the occluded condition.
Chemical variation, modal composition and classification of granitoids
Authors: Bonin Bernard , Janoušek Vojtěch , Moyen Jean-François 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Granites (
sensu lato
) come in many types and flavours, defining distinct magmatic series/suites/types. A good classification not only gives generally accepted and understandable names to similar rocks but also links the bulk chemical composition to the stoichiometry of the constituent minerals and, potentially, also to the likely source, magmatic evolution and tectonic setting.

The ‘ideal’ granitoid classification should be based on chemical criteria amenable to an objective treatment. Statistical analysis helps to identify the most discriminant variables. The key properties are (1) acidity/maficity, (2) alkalinity (balance of Na + K v. Ca), (3) aluminosity (balance of Al v. Ca, Na and K), (4) Fe/Mg balance and (5) Na/K balance and K contents at the given SiO
2
level. These are used by successful classifications, e.g. the I/S dichotomy is based mainly on aluminosity, while the Frost
et al.
(2001; ‘A geochemical classification for granitic rocks',
Journal of Petrology
,
42
, 2033–2048,
https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/42.11.2033
) classification includes all but Na/K. Even though it is commonplace to use weight percentages of oxides, we suggest that a better strategy is to employ simple atomic parameters (e.g. millications-based) that can be directly linked to modal proportions and compositions/crystal structure of individual rock-forming minerals. This facilitates a petrological interpretation, which, in turn, can be related to petrogenesis and, ultimately, to likely tectonic setting(s).
TBK1 Is a Synthetic Lethal Target in Cancer with VHL Loss
Authors: Hu Lianxin , Xie Haibiao , Liu Xijuan , Potjewyd Frances , James Lindsey I. , Wilkerson Emily M. , Herring Laura E. , Xie Ling , Chen Xian , Cabrera Johnny Castillo , Hong Kai , Liao Chengheng , Tan Xianming , Baldwin Albert S. , Gong Kan , Zhang Qing 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

TANK binding kinase 1 (TBK1) is an important kinase involved in the innate immune response. Here we discover that TBK1 is hyperactivated by von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) loss or hypoxia in cancer cells. Tumors from patients with kidney cancer with VHL loss display elevated TBK1 phosphorylation. Loss of TBK1 via genetic ablation, pharmacologic inhibition, or a new cereblon-based proteolysis targeting chimera specifically inhibits VHL-deficient kidney cancer cell growth, while leaving VHL wild-type cells intact. TBK1 depletion also significantly blunts kidney tumorigenesis in an orthotopic xenograft model in vivo. Mechanistically, TBK1 hydroxylation on Proline 48 triggers VHL as well as the phosphatase PPM1B binding that leads to decreased TBK1 phosphorylation. We identify that TBK1 phosphorylates p62/SQSTM1 on Ser366, which is essential for p62 stability and kidney cancer cell proliferation. Our results establish that TBK1, distinct from its role in innate immune signaling, is a synthetic lethal target in cancer with VHL loss.

Significance:
The mechanisms that lead to TBK1 activation in cancer and whether this activation is connected to its role in innate immunity remain unclear. Here, we discover that TBK1, distinct from its role in innate immunity, is activated by VHL loss or hypoxia in cancer.
See related commentary by Bakouny and Barbie, p. 348.
This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 327
Increased Mortality and Vascular Phenotype in a Knock-In Mouse Model of Retinal Vasculopathy With Cerebral Leukoencephalopathy and Systemic Manifestations
Authors: Mulder Inge A. , Rubio-Beltran Eloísa , Ibrahimi Khatera , Dzyubachyk Oleh , Khmelinskii Artem , Hoehn Mathias , Terwindt Gisela M. , Wermer Marieke J.H. , MaassenVanDenBrink Antoinette , van den Maagdenberg Arn M.J.M 
Published: December 2019

Background and Purpose—

Retinal vasculopathy with cerebral leukoencephalopathy and systemic manifestations (RVCL-S) is an autosomal dominant small vessel disease caused by C-terminal frameshift mutations in the
TREX1
gene that encodes the major mammalian 3′ to 5′ DNA exonuclease. RVCL-S is characterized by vasculopathy, especially in densely vascularized organs, progressive retinopathy, cerebral microvascular disease, white matter lesions, and migraine, but the underlying mechanisms are unknown.

Methods—
Homozygous transgenic RVCL-S knock-in mice expressing a truncated Trex1 (three prime repair exonuclease 1) protein (similar to what is seen in patients) and wild-type littermates, of various age groups, were subjected to (1) a survival analysis, (2) in vivo postocclusive reactive hyperemia and ex vivo Mulvany myograph studies to characterize the microvascular and macrovascular reactivity, and (3) experimental stroke after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion with neurological deficit assessment.

Results—

The mutant mice show increased mortality starting at midlife (
P
=0.03 with hazard ratio, 3.14 [95% CI, 1.05–9.39]). The mutants also show a vascular phenotype as evidenced by attenuated postocclusive reactive hyperemia responses (across all age groups; F[1, 65]=5.7,
P
=0.02) and lower acetylcholine-induced relaxations in aortae (in 20- to 24-month-old mice; RVCL-S knock-in: E
max
: 37±8% versus WT: E
max
: 65±6%,
P
=0.01). A vascular phenotype is also suggested by the increased infarct volume seen in 12- to 14-month-old mutant mice at 24 hours after infarct onset (RVCL-S knock-in: 75.4±2.7 mm
3
versus WT: 52.9±5.6 mm
3
,
P
=0.01).

Conclusions—
Homozygous RVCL-S knock-in mice show increased mortality, signs of abnormal vascular function, and increased sensitivity to experimental stroke and can be instrumental to investigate the pathology seen in patients with RVCL-S.
An Audience for History? Review Essay of Kalle Pihlainen’s The Work of History
Authors: Roth Paul A. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Kalle Pihlainen’s book reworks seven essays published over the last dozen years. Pihlainen’s Preface and Hayden White’s Foreword articulate a cri de cœur. Both fear that something important has been missed. White’s Foreword somewhat cryptically characterizes Pihlainen’s book as “metacritical,” and locates Pihlainen in the role of being a “serious reader” for the community of theorists of history. What does it mean to be a “serious” reader? White never says. But following White’s hint, Pihlainen can be read as updating Marx’s conception of the task of unmasking sources of alienation by focusing on the reasons for the estrangement of histories from a wider audience. For him, “the core case is that the ‘historical’ (situated) nature of history itself needs to be acknowledged” (p. xiv). It remains unacknowledged so long as the source of meaning in history continues to be displaced. For even those who emphasize narrative form tend to talk as if meanings were imposed by some factor other than human intervention, as if form magically imbues content with significance. But this is one more symptom, if such is needed, of collective bad faith, a denial that only people make meaning. By taking disembodied literary forms as repositories of significance, responsibility for meaning is once again deflected or deferred. In this key regard, Pihlainen’s claim to place “decided emphasis on its [historical theory’s] ethical-political momentum” (p. xv) signals that the issues he intends to foreground are not epistemological or discursive. Pihlainen rightly suspects that all the talk of “narrativism” and “discourse” serves only to evade confronting the truly difficult moral and political challenges that writing represents. His various chapters identify these evasions and the challenges that remain.
Introductory Comments
Authors: Sujecka Jolanta 
Published: December 2019

Introductory CommentsThe eighth issue of Colloquia Humanistica contains two thematic sections: the extensive Hierarchies and Boundaries. Structuring the Social in Eastern Europe and the Mediterranean and a second, shorter section in the Discussions part of the volume, entitled Culture and Economy.This time in the Discussion. Presentations. Book Reviews segment, we offer readers as many as five reviews and also one presentation of an interesting series from the Faculty of Humanities at Konstantin Preslavsky University of Shumen (Bulgaria), Limes Slavicus. Uwagi wstępneÓsmy numer Colloquia Humanistica zawiera dwa bloki tematyczne, pierwszy obszerny, zatytułowany Hierarchies and Boundaries. Structuring the Social in Eastern Europe and the Mediterranean i drugi krótszy umieszczony w dziale Discussions, noszący tytuł Culture and Economy.W dziale Discussion. Presentations. Book Reviews tym razem mamy do zaoferowania czytelnikowi aż pięć recenzji i jedną prezentację ciekawej serii wydawniczej the Faculty of Humanities at Konstantin Preslavsky University of Shumen (Bułgaria) Limes Slavicus.
Hierarchies and Boundaries. Structuring the Social in Eastern Europe and the Mediterranean
Authors: Roman-Rawska Katarzyna , Rawski Tomasz 
Published: December 2019

Hierarchies and Boundaries. Structuring the Social in Eastern Europe and the MediterraneanThe article is an introduction to the 8th issue of Colloquia Humanistica. It discusses the concepts of boundaries and hierarchies and their role in structuring the social reality of (semi)peripheral Eastern Europe. The text discusses, on the one hand, the relevance and validity of these concepts and, on the other, the possibility of a critical approach to them. Furthermore, the article reviews the most important ideas and concepts proposed by the authors who contributed to the issue. Hierarchie i granice. Strukturyzowanie tego, co społeczne w Europie Wschodniej i na Śródziemnomorzu Artykuł jest wprowadzeniem do 8 numeru czasopisma Colloquia Humanistica. Problematyzuje pojęcia hierarchii i granic oraz ich rolę w struktury zowaniu rzeczywistości społecznej (pół)peryferyjnej Europy Wschodniej. Tekst omawia, z jednej strony, kwestię aktualności i przydatności tychże pojęć, a z drugiej możliwość krytycznego podejścia do nich. Artykuł oferuje także przegląd najważniejszych myśli i koncepcji zaproponowanych przez autorów artykułów opublikowanych w numerze.
Soft Belarusization: (Re)building of Identity or “Border Reinforcement”
Authors: Posokhin Ivan 
Published: December 2019

Soft Belarusization: (Re)building of Identity or “Border Reinforcement”The paper focuses on shifts in official discourse in Belarus since 2014, after the Ukrainian events, that are labelled “soft Belarusization”. This new approach can be interpreted as an attempt to support nationally oriented identity practices and as an attempt to establish more visible political and cultural boundaries between Belarus and the “Russian world”. Firstly, this paper elaborates on the specifics of Belarusian identity and presents the historical and political background of the ongoing events. Secondly, several manifestations of soft Belarusization processes are analysed, such as changes in Belarusian authorities’ rhetoric, their changing attitude towards Belarusian and unofficial state symbols and previously officially disregarded historical events and personalities, steps towards the creation of new symbols, and new relationships between official and “alternative” discourses. Мягкая белорусизация: возрождение идентичности или «укрепление границ»?В статье рассматриваются сдвиги, происходящие в официальном дискурсе в Беларуси после украинских событий 2014 г., получившие условное название «мягкая белорусизация». Данный подход может рассматриваться как попытка поддержать национально- ориентированные идентичностные практики, а также как попытка провести более заметные политические и культурные границы между Беларусью и «Русским Миром». В первую очередь в статье говорится о некоторых спецификах белорусской идентичности и представляется исторический и политический фон происходящих событий. Затем анализируются некоторые проявления «мягкой белорусизации»: изменение риторики официальных представителей республики; изменения в их отношении к белорусскому языку и неофициальным государственным символам, а также к историческим личностям и событиям, которые в недалеком прошлом обходились стороной; шаги по созданию новых символов; новые отношения между официальным и «альтернативным» дискурсом. Miękka białorutenizacja: (od)budowa tożsamości czy „wzmacnianie granic”?Artykuł poświęcony jest zmianom w oficjalnym dyskursie publicznym na Białorusi, jakie obserwować można po 2014 roku, czyli po wydarzeniach na ukraińskim Majdanie, określanych mianem „miękkiej białorutenizacji”. To nowe zjawisko może być interpretowane jako próba wspierania narodowo zorientowanych praktyk tożsamościowych, a także jako próba ustalenia bardziej widocznych granic politycznych i kulturowych między Białorusią a „światem rosyjskim” (russkij mir). Przede wszystkim w artykule mowa jest o specyfice tożsamości białoruskiej oraz o tle historycznym i politycznym aktualnych wydarzeń. W następnej kolejności analizowane są niektóre przejawy „miękkiej białorutenizacji”: zmiany w retoryce władz białoruskich, ich zmieniający się stosunek do języka białoruskiego i nieoficjalnych symboli państwowych, a także wcześniej negowanych wydarzeń i postaci historycznych oraz kroki podejmowane w kierunku tworzenia nowych symboli, a także budowania relacji między dyskursem oficjalnym a „alternatywnym”.