bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Morphological Integration and Modularity in the Hyperkinetic Feeding System of Aquatic-foraging Snakes
Authors: Rhoda Daniel , Polly P. David , Raxworthy Christopher , Segall Marion 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe kinetic skull is a key innovation that allowed snakes to capture, manipulate, and swallow prey exclusively using their heads using the coordinated movement of 8 bones. Despite these unique feeding behaviors, patterns of evolutionary integration and modularity within the feeding bones of snakes in a phylogenetic framework have yet to be addressed. Here, we use a dataset of 60 µCT scanned skulls and high-density geometric morphometric methods to address the origin and patterns of variation and integration in the feeding bones of aquatic-foraging snakes. By comparing alternate superimposition protocols allowing us to analyze the entire kinetic feeding system simultaneously, we find that the feeding bones are highly integrated, driven predominantly by functional selective pressures. The most supported pattern of modularity contains four modules each associated with distinct functional roles: the mandible, the palatopterygoid arch, the maxilla, and the suspensorium. Further, the morphological disparity of each bone is not linked to its magnitude of integration, indicating that integration within the feeding system does not constrain morphological evolution and that adequate biomechanical solutions to a wide range of feeding ecologies and behaviors is readily evolvable within the constraint due to integration in the snake feeding system.
Online service or virtual community? Building platform loyalty in reward-based crowdfunding
Authors: Ryu Sunghan , Suh Ayoung 
Published: September 2020

PurposeThis study examines how individual contributors' evaluation of the two aspects in reward-based crowdfunding—service and community—influences the formation of platform loyalty. It also seeks to determine the conditions under which the evaluation is positive.Design/methodology/approachWe collaborated for data collection with two reward-based crowdfunding platforms in South Korea that primarily promote crowdfunding campaigns in the creative domains. We combined the survey data collected from 578 contributors and campaign data from the platforms, empirically examining the formation of platform loyalty and its antecedents.FindingsThe results suggest that service satisfaction with a platform and a sense of belonging to it are positively associated with platform loyalty. We also found that an individual contributor's self-image congruence with the crowdfunding platform is positively associated with service satisfaction and a sense of belonging, while the experience of greater campaign success moderates the relationship in different ways.Research limitations/implicationsThis study contributes to the crowdfunding literature by establishing a theoretical background for understanding reward-based crowdfunding platforms, which combine service and community. It also extends the scope of the literature on crowdfunding by examining the role of platform loyalty at the platform level.Practical implicationsThe results suggest that service and community are both critical for building a sustainable crowdfunding platform. Platform operators are expected to provide high-quality services and foster a sense of community. Identifying and developing contributors with higher self-image congruence with the platforms is essential.Originality/valueWhile previous literature on reward-based crowdfunding has focused on individual contributor- and campaign-level analyses, platform-level knowledge is lacking. This study is among the first to focus on platform loyalty of individual contributors toward reward-based crowdfunding platforms. Moreover, we use both individual-level perception and campaign-level performance variables to examine the formation of platform loyalty.
The impact of employee participation in online innovation communities on idea quality
Authors: Yu Jing , Liu Chen 
Published: September 2020

PurposeOnline user innovation community (OUIC) has become a vital source for enterprises to obtain user innovation ideas and interact with users in new product development. However, most studies only focus on the relationship between users and ideas, often ignoring the influence of employees in the innovation platform. The purpose of this study is to explore the impact of employee behaviors on idea quality in OUIC.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper, the authors collected sample data of open user innovation community – Idea Exchange – and then, the authors examined the direct roles of employee’s idea generation behaviors and idea promotion behaviors on idea quality and the moderating roles of social networks position and enthusiasm by using binary logistic regression model.FindingsResults indicated that employee’s idea generation behaviors and idea promotion behaviors have a positive influence on users’ idea quality. Also, the social network position and characteristics show the moderation effect of employee behavior and idea quality.Originality/valueThis study is different from prior studies because it emphasizes the role of employees in the open source platform. The findings suggest that enterprises and platform managers pay more attention to the impact of employees and improve the quality of ideas and promote the development of OUIC.
The mediating role of trust in leader in the relations of ethical leadership and distributive justice on internal whistleblowing: a study on Turkish banking sector
Authors: Alpkan Lütfihak , Karabay Melisa , Şener İrge , Elçi Meral , Yıldız Bora 
Published: September 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explain the effect of perceived ethical leadership and perceived distributive justice on internal whistleblowing intention through trust in leader as a mediator.Design/methodology/approachFollowing an empirical design, data were collected from 1,296 employees of Turkish financial institutions, located in Istanbul. To test four hypotheses structural equation modelling was applied.FindingsResults reveal that trust in a leader fully mediates the positive effects of both ethical leadership and distributive justice on the internal whistleblowing intention.Originality/valueThis study enhances the understanding of the ethical leadership perception and distributive justice affecting the internal whistleblowing intention in Turkey that is a developing country. Although numerous studies on whistleblowing have been conducted, this study’s originality and contribution lay in the examination of trust in the leader as a missing link between the direct relations.
Pan‐genome study of Thermococcales reveals extensive genetic diversity and genetic evidence of thermophilic adaption
Authors: Zhong Chaofang , Wang Lusheng , Ning Kang 
Published: September 2020

SummaryThermococcales has a strong adaptability to extreme environments, which is of profound interest in explaining how complex life forms emerge on earth. However, their gene composition, thermal stability and evolution in hyperthermal environments are still little known. Here, we characterized the pan‐genome architecture of 30 Thermococcales species to gain insight into their genetic properties, evolutionary patterns and specific metabolisms adapted to niches. We revealed an open pan‐genome of Thermococcales comprising 6070 gene families that tend to increase with the availability of additional genomes. The genome contents of Thermococcales were flexible, with a series of genes experienced gene duplication, progressive divergence, or gene gain and loss events exhibiting distinct functional features. These archaea had concise types of heat shock proteins, such as HSP20, HSP60 and prefoldin, which were constrained by strong purifying selection that governed their conservative evolution. Furthermore, purifying selection forced genes involved in enzyme, motility, secretion system, defence system and chaperones to differ in functional constraints and their disparity in the rate of evolution may be related to adaptation to specific niche. These results deepened our understanding of genetic diversity and adaptation patterns of Thermococcales, and provided valuable research models for studying the metabolic traits of early life forms.
The direct and indirect risk impacts on remittances: A cross‐regional specific effects
Authors: Sridi Dorsaf , Guetat Imene 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe main purpose of this paper is to study determinants of workers’ remittances especially the impact of country risk based on a regional comparison of 121 countries subdivided into six areas over the period 1984–2015. We consider possible direct and indirect effects of different risk indexes. We particularly focus on the comparison of the regional effect of economic, political, and financial risks on remittances. To capture these effects, region‐specific variables are introduced. The results show that remittances are more influenced by the risk indexes than other macroeconomic variables. Regional comparison indicates that remittance inflows are more sensitive to the different risks in the MENA region compared to other world regions. The financial risk is highlighted to have the largest impact on remittances in this region.
Understanding and Illustrating the Influence of the Cult of St Chad of Lichfield
Authors: STYLER IAN 
Published: September 2020

AbstractModern‐day activity relating to the veneration of the Anglo‐Saxon saint Chad is concentrated on two sites: the cathedral at Lichfield where he was buried in 672, and the cathedral in Birmingham which has housed his relics since the middle of the nineteenth century. The geographical extent to which his cult spread in the 800 years between his death and the dispersal of his relics at the time of the Reformation have not, however, been explored in any detail. This article collates a range of evidence types that exist for the saint, including the hagiographic texts of his life, material culture from archaeological excavations and extant buildings, parish church dedications, and place‐name evidence. This evidence base is used to build up a comprehensive picture of Chad's influence from the time Bede described his life and death in his Ecclesiastical History until the Reformation, highlighting significant periods in the shrine's history. The use of GIS techniques to record, analyse and illustrate the range of evidence types allows the patterns and distributions and their significance to be demonstrated cartographically, thus revealing the reach of Chad's cult throughout the Middle Ages.
Relational immunity? Examining relationship as crisis shield
Authors: Smith Brian G. , Krishna Arunima , Smith Staci B. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis study examined the influence of a crisis on relational perceptions and the role of an empathetic response from stakeholders by investigating students’ perceptions of their relationship with a university following an on‐campus shooting. Findings show that despite the generally positive relationship, the university maintains with its students, the crisis had a negative impact on the students’ perceptions of their relationship with the university. Furthermore, results show how emotions, especially empathy, about an organization in a crisis situation can influence stakeholder relationships. This research helps provide nuance to the extant scholarship on crisis and emotions by introducing stakeholder empathy as a theoretical construct. Results also demonstrate that crisis managers who invest in relationship building before a crisis may elicit empathy more than blame in a crisis and may emerge with less relational damage.
Extending the window for thrombolysis for treatment of acute ischaemic stroke during pregnancy: a review
Authors: Dinehart E , Leon Guerrero C , Pham A , Chandra S , Petersen SM , Bathgate S , Ahmadzia H 
Published: September 2020

Historically, safety of intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (IV rt‐PA) for the treatment of acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) is limited to use within 4.5 hours from symptom onset. Recent studies suggest the treatment window may be extended when patients have salvageable brain tissue on advanced neuroimaging. This paper describes a novel use of IV rt‐PA for treatment of AIS in a pregnant patient within an extended‐time window (>4.5 hours, and <9 hours) based on advanced neuroimaging with a favourable outcome.Tweetable abstractNovel use of IV rt‐PA for treatment of AIS in pregnancy within an extended‐time window based on advanced imaging with a favourable outcome.
Forensic Footwear Reliability: Part II—Range of Conclusions, Accuracy, and Consensus*
Authors: Richetelli Nicole , Hammer Lesley , Speir Jacqueline A. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBetween February 2017 and August 2018, West Virginia University conducted a reliability study to determine expert performance among forensic footwear examiners in the United States. Throughout the study’s duration, 70 examiners each performed 12 comparisons and reported a total of 840 conclusions. In order to assess the accuracy of conclusions, the similarities and differences between mated and nonmated pairs were evaluated according to three criteria: (i) inherent agreement/disagreement in class, wear, and randomly acquired features, (ii) limitations as a function of questioned impression quality, clarity, and totality, and (iii) adherence to the Scientific Working Group for Shoeprint and Tire Tread Evidence (SWGTREAD) 2013 conclusion standard. Using these criteria, acceptable/expected categorical conclusions were defined. Preliminary results from this study are divided into a series of three summaries. This manuscript (Part II) reports accuracy and reproducibility. For mated pairs, accuracy equals 76.3% ± 13.0% (median of 78.6% and a 90% confidence interval between 72.2% and 80.0%). For nonmated pairs, accuracy equals 87.4% ± 9.24% (median of 91.4% and a 90% confidence interval between 84.7% and 89.8%). In addition, the community assessed agreement (denoted by IQR) of reported results equals the research team's accepted/expected conclusions for 10 out of 12 comparisons. In terms of reproducibility, the 90% confidence interval for consensus was computed and found to equal 0.71–0.86 (median of 0.77) for the combined dataset. Although based on a limited sample size, these results provide a baseline estimate of accuracy and consensus/reproducibility as a function of the existing seven‐point SWGTREAD 2013 conclusion standard.
Antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects against acute CCl4‐induced liver damage in mice from red‐fleshed apple flesh flavonoid extract
Authors: Zou Qi , Wang Nan , Gao Zheng , Xu Haifeng , Yang Guanxian , Zhang Tianliang , Guo Zhangwen , Zhang Zongying , Jia Le , Chen Xuesen 
Published: September 2020

AbstractApple (Malus domesticaBorkh.) is an important fruit tree species worldwide. Apple fruits are favored by consumers because of their antioxidative, anti‐inflammatory, and antitumor effects as well as their protective effects against cardiovascular diseases and other health benefits. There is considerable interest in red‐fleshed apple fruits among breeders because of their high flavonoid and anthocyanin contents. However, the flavonoids extracted from red‐fleshed apple fruits must still be functionally characterized, especially regarding their protective effects against certain pathologies. In this study, the flavonoid components and contents in the extracts prepared from red‐fleshed apple cultivar “Meihong” were determined. Additionally, thein vitroantioxidant activities and protective effects of the extracts against CCl4‐induced acute liver injury were investigated. The red‐fleshed apple flesh flavonoid extract (RAFF) exhibited strongin vitroantioxidant activities. Compared with the model control mice treated with CCl4, the mice pretreated with high (800 mg/kg·bw), middle (400 mg/kg·bw), and low (200 mg/kg·bw) RAFF doses had significantly lower CCl4‐induced serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase activities. Moreover, the RAFF pretreatment also significantly decreased the liver malondialdehyde activity and prevented the CCl4‐induced decrease in liver superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, and reduced glutathione levels. Furthermore, a histopathological examination revealed that RAFF inhibited the inflammatory cell infiltration and cell boundary loss caused by CCl4in the liver. Thus, RAFF is a natural antioxidant with significant antioxidative activities and liver protective effects. The results of this study may be relevant for enhancing the application of the red‐fleshed apple fruit extract as a food additive.Practical ApplicationWe took the self‐selected red‐fleshed apple cultivar “Meihong” as the unique research material, and the active ingredients of its flavonoid extract,in vitroantioxidant activity and hepatoprotective effect were analyzed. It is of great significance to promote the development of the red‐fleshed apple industry, and also provides an important reference for the development of natural antioxidants.
Physicochemical characteristics of green banana flour and its use in the development of konjac‐green banana noodles
Authors: Yu Ashley Hui Min , Phoon Pui Yeu , Ng Grace Cui Fang , Henry Christiani Jeyakumar 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAsian noodles typically have high glycemic index, and an unbalanced diet heavily laden with carbohydrates has been linked to weight gain and obesity.Shiratakinoodles from Japan is made from konjac glucomannan (KGM) and water and is widely known for its multiple health benefits and ability to promote satiety. However, it imparts negligible nutritional value due to its low energy content. In this study, the feasibility of making low calorie, gluten‐free Shirataki noodles with improved nutritional value was shown by adding green banana flour (GBF), an underutilized subproduct of low commercial value and significance in the food industry. The optimal KGM‐GBF noodles (with 6% w/w KGM, 35% w/w GBF) had 27% lower total energy content, 13% lower carbohydrate content, 5.4% higher fiber content, 2% higher ash content, and 80% hardness (as measured by texture profile analysis) when compared to commercial yellow alkaline wheat noodles. Multiple regression analysis showed that KGM level was a more influential factor than GBF level on the hardness of cooked KGM‐GBF noodles (P< 0.01). The compatibility of GBF with KGM in noodle making lay in GBF's high gelatinizing and pasting temperatures, which allowed optimal KGM hydration during dough formation to develop the primary network structure in the noodles. Through this study, the potential of GBF as a functional food ingredient in product processing and nutrition enhancement was demonstrated.Practical ApplicationThe addition of green banana flour can improve the nutritional value and sensorial properties of konjac (Shirataki) noodles. This offers a gluten‐free and low glycemic index alternative to wheat and starch noodles currently available commercially. A novel method of noodle‐making to create KGM noodles, without the use of high alkalinity, was developed.
Decline in lizard species diversity, abundance and ectoparasite load across an elevational gradient in the Australian alps
Authors: Hamilton Katelyn , Goulet Celine T. , Drummond Emily M. , Senior Anna F. , Schroder Mellesa , Gardner Michael G. , While Geoffrey M. , Chapple David G. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe rapid changes in altitude, and associated habitat, of mountain ecosystems make them ideal natural laboratories for testing the effect of environmental heterogeneity on species assemblage. Our understanding of the sensitivity of Australian reptiles to elevational clines is limited. We examined lizard distribution across three elevation zones (montane, subalpine and alpine), spanning from 900 to 1840 m above sea level, in the Australian alps. We aimed to examine how elevation influences species diversity and abundance, and ectoparasite load, and whether species alter their habitat use amongst different elevational zones. Active searches were conducted across the elevation zones to identify lizard community structure (at least 16 species) across elevational zones, along with skink habitat preferences and the ectoparasite load. Skink diversity and abundance were negatively correlated with increased elevation. The alpine zone had significantly lower diversity and abundance of skinks. Habitat use differed amongst both elevations and species. Ectoparasite prevalence was also significantly diminished in the alpine zone. Ectoparasites only infected a subset of the skink community, with ectoparasite load increasing as the active season progressed. This study provides evidence of the complex interplay between elevation and species diversity, as well as the differences in ectoparasite pressure along elevational gradients in the Australian alps.
Safe and rapid implementation of telemedicine fracture clinics: the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Smith Ariella J. , Pfister Benjamin F. , Woo Elise W. Y. , Walters Benjamin J. , Blacket Benedict , Page Nicholas , Drobetz Herwig 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe coronavirus disease outbreak in December 2019 rapidly spread around the world with profound effects on healthcare systems. In March 2020, all elective surgery and elective outpatient clinics were cancelled in our institution, a regional hospital in Northern New South Wales, Australia. With regard to orthopaedic fracture clinics, a telehealth system was implemented on an emergency basis for patient and staff safety to prevent disease transmission. The aim of our study was to investigate whether rapid implementation of telehealth for orthopaedic fracture clinics resulted in an increase in complications.MethodsA retrospective cohort study of all patients with orthopaedic fracture clinic appointments at a regional New South Wales hospital between 17 March and 8 May 2020 was undertaken. There were 191 patients, including 390 appointments of which 23.1% were conducted via telehealth, namely by phone call. Complications requiring phone calls to the orthopaedic team, presentations to the emergency department, admission to hospital or return to theatre, were recorded.ResultsThere was no increase in complications following emergent implementation of telehealth for orthopaedic fracture clinic follow‐up in our institution. Patients in the telehealth group were significantly older than those in the clinic group.ConclusionThe study demonstrates that application of telehealth fracture clinics in a regional Australian setting can be achieved without increasing complication rates and can be used to formulate a rapid telehealth implementation plan if a similar scenario occurs in the future.
Metelkova as Autonomous Heterotopia
Authors: Siegrist Nathan , Thörn Håkan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis article examines conflicts concerning urban space, focusing on relationships between autonomous space and neoliberal urbanism through the empirical example of the cultural centre AKC Metelkova Mesto in Ljubljana, Slovenia. Through a thematic discourse analysis of activist interviews and collective statements by activist groups connected to Metelkova, research questions concern how urban conflict is constructed from the vantage point of autonomous space; what role autonomous space is assigned in relation to such conflict; and how tensions and antagonisms within the autonomous space can be understood. Theoretically we engage in a reinterpretation of the notion of heterotopia in conjunction with critical urban theory, analysing Metelkova as an autonomous heterotopia. Further, we argue that theoretisations of autonomous spaces need to consider experiences from Central and Eastern Europe, in which the conditions are shaped and constructed in conjunction with particular configurations of abruptly implemented neoliberal governance and the rise of the authoritarianism.