bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Women's education and profession midwifery in Nordic countries
Authors: Pajalić Zada , Pajalić Oleg , Saplacan Diana 
Published: February 2020

Introduction: Help at birth is one of the historically oldest volunteers supports that a woman has offered to another woman. One of the reasons for high maternal and infant mortality was identified as a lack of basic medical knowledge among the woman who helped during birth and this required immediate action to secure the survival of nations. When the Church and government made demands for education and professional license, the voluntary help at birth transformed into an educated and paid profession for women. The study aimed to describe the evolution of women’s education and the midwifery profession in Nordic countries from the 1600s until today.
Methods: Historical and contemporary documents, research and grey literature, are drawn together to provide a historical description of the midwifery professional development and education in Nordic countries.
Results: In the Nordic countries, governments from the 1600s had significant problems with high maternal and infant mortality. Most vulnerable were unmarried women and their children. To change the trend, northern countries had been inspired by France, Holland, England, and Germany, which had introduced education and a professional license for midwives. The targeted and systematic investment in midwifery education, followed by industrialization and welfare development in Nordic countries, has resulted in one of the highest survival rates for mothers and infants in the world today. In parallel with this, it has created the first female paid profession in history. Today, midwifery education is at the university level in all Nordic countries, and the certified midwife is responsible for pre- and post-natal care and normal birth. In Sweden, Norway, and Iceland, the midwife’s responsibility also includes contraception counseling and prescription of drugs for birth control purposes.
Conclusions: The education and professional licenses have contributed to a progressively improved care of birth women and infants. The professional and licensed midwife is positioned in society as an essential player in the current development of pre- and post-natal care. Furthermore, the graduated and licensed midwife positioned herself as the first paid professional female profession in modern history.
El gabán de Enrique III en la narrativa breve decimonónica=The "gabán" of Enrique III in the short Nineteenth-century narrative
Authors: Ribao Pereira Montserrat 
Published: February 2020

Resumen. Según el discurso legendario en torno a Enrique III de Castilla, el rey tuvo que vender su gabán para poder cenar, mientras los grandes del reino disfrutaban de las riquezas usurpadas al monarca. Este les llama a su presencia y amenaza con darles muerte si no restituyen cuanto no les pertenece; atemorizados, los nobles aceptan. El siglo XIX reescribe este episodio desde diferentes perspectivas ideológicas y en distintos contextos políticos para dar cuenta de su propio tiempo. En este trabajo se analizan las variantes de la leyenda en la narrativa breve decimonónica. Abstract. King Henry III of Castile had to sell his mantle to be able to dine, while the lords of the kingdom enjoyed the usurped riches of the monarch. He calls their presence and threatens to kill them if they do not return the wealth. The lords of the kingdom, frightened, accept. The nineteenth century literature rewrites this episode from different ideological and political perspectives. In this paper I explain the variants of this legend in the short nineteenth-century narrative.
INTERNET OF THINGS IN SMART AGRICULTURE: APPLICATIONS AND OPEN CHALLENGES
Authors: Bhatnagar Vivek , Singh Gulbir , Kumar Gautam , Gupta Rajeev 
Published: February 2020

Purpose of Study: The IoT is an emerging field nowadays and that can be used anywhere in automation, agriculture, controlling as well as monitoring of any object, which exists in the real world. We have to make use of IoT in Agriculture to increase productivity. Agro-industry processes could be more efficient by using IoT. It gives automation to the agro-industry by reducing human intervention. In the current scenario, the sometime farmer doesn’t know the current status of the soil moisture and other things related to their land and don’t produce productive results towards crops. The purpose of this research study is to explore the usage of IoT devices and application areas that are being used in agriculture.
Methodology: The methodology behind this study is to identify trends and review the open challenges, application areas and architectures for IoT in agro-industry. This survey is based on a systematic literature review where related research is grouped into four domains such as monitoring, control, prediction, and logistics.
Main Findings: This research study presents a detailed work of the eminent researchers and designs of computer architecture that can be applied in agriculture for smart farming. This research study also highlights various unfolded challenges of IoT in agriculture.
Implications: This study can be beneficial for farmers, researchers, and professionals working in agricultural institutions for smart farming.
Novelty/Originality of the study: Various eminent researchers have been making efforts for smart farming by using IoT concepts in agriculture. But, a bouquet of unfolded challenges is still in a queue for their effective solution. This study makes some efforts to discuss past research and open challenges in IoT-based agriculture.
Educação em Saúde: Uma Análise Sobre a Atuação Pedagogica dos Profissionais de Saúde da Unidade de Saúde João Bezerra em Aracaju - Sergipe
Authors: Soares Valéria Barreto , De Oliveira José Adelmo 
Published: February 2020

A educação em saúde é uma combinação de experiências vividas em um nível de relações entre profissionais de saúde e uma comunidade ativa na sua participação social, construindo assim um conhecimento mútuo modificando suas próprias percepções, em busca de uma melhor qualidade de vida. assim, este artigo propõe apresentar uma análise qualitativa dos métodos pedagógicos utilizados na educação em saúde, por profissionais da unidade de saúde João Bezerra, localizado no povoado areia Branca, aracaju – sergipe, além de elucidar qual tendência pedagógica embasa a prática educativa em saúde dos trabalhadores da uBs supracitada e identificar os principais métodos e técnicas pedagógicas que são utilizadas pelos profissionais de saúde da referida uBs. Para tanto, a pesquisa foi desenvolvida com dados coletados através de entrevista com profissionais de saúde da unidade supracitada, possibilitando respostas abertas com livre expressão. Concluímos que educar em saúde é muito mais do que transmitir conhecimentos, é facilitar o entendimento do processo saúde-doença, promovendo a valorização do saber popular, estimulando a participação ativa nas ações de saúde, através de uma prática educativa norteada pela pedagogia dialógica. dentro desse perfil, percebe-se que os profissionais de saúde possuem frágil preparação pedagógica para enfrentar o que realmente é a educação em saúde, mesmo acreditando que a educação é uma grande aliada para a melhoria da saúde coletiva.
A formação do professor inclusivo pela pesquisa-ação crítico-colaborativa
Authors: Givigi Rosana Carla do Nascimento , Alcântara Juliana Nascimento de , Dourado Solano Sávio Figueiredo , Silva Raquel Souza 
Published: February 2020

Este artigo analisa o processo de formação continuada de professores na perspectiva inclusiva, a partir da proposição de um trabalho colaborativo junto a cinco escolas públicas regulares do estado de Sergipe. Para tanto, segue os pressupostos da pesquisa-ação críticocolaborativa ao acompanhar as práticas educacionais inclusivas efetivadas na escola segundo as políticas públicas instituintes adotadas. O lugar de tensão estabelecido nessa discussão permitiu que o discurso cristalizado em torno da inclusão, das políticas e do ensino ganhasse movimento, novos funcionamentos e sentidos.
Veronica Strong-Boag. Liberal Hearts and Coronets: The Lives and Times of Ishbel Majoribanks Gordon and John Campbell Gordon, The Aberdeens.
Authors: Barber Marilyn 
Published: February 2020

Review of Veronica Strong-Boag, Liberal Hearts and Coronets: The Lives and Times of Ishbel Marjoribanks Gordon and John Campbell Gordon, The Aberdeens.
Integrating Reservoir Geomechanics with Multiple Fracture Propagation and Proppant Placement
Authors: Manchanda Ripudaman , Zheng Shuang , Hirose Sho , Sharma Mukul M. 
Published: February 2020

Summary
This paper presents the formulation and results from a coupled finite-volume (FV)/finite-area (FA) model for simulating the propagation of multiple hydraulically driven fractures in two and three dimensions at the wellbore and pad scale. The proposed method captures realistic representations of local heterogeneities, layering, fracture turning, poroelasticity, interactions with other fractures, and proppant transport. We account for competitive fluid and proppant distribution between multiple fractures from the wellbore. Details of the model formulation and its efficient numerical implementation are provided, along with numerical studies comparing the model with both analytical solutions and field results. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method for the comprehensive modeling of hydraulically driven fractures in three dimensions at a pad scale.
An Efficient Hybrid Model for 3D Complex Fractured Vuggy Reservoir Simulation
Authors: Liu Lijun , Huang Zhaoqin , Yao Jun , Di Yuan , Wu Yu-Shu 
Published: February 2020

Summary
Fractured vuggy reservoir is a typical type of carbonate reservoir. The 3D complex fracture networks and Stokes flow inside vugs make fractured vuggy reservoir simulation remain a challenging problem. Most of the proposed models in previous studies are computation consuming, which cannot meet with the demand of field application. In this paper, a novel and efficient hybrid model, consisting of a modified embedded discrete fracture model (EDFM) and a vug model, is proposed to simulate multiphase flow in 3D complex fractured vuggy reservoirs. The modified EDFM improves the fracture-discretization process by using two sets of independent grids for matrix and fracture systems, which promotes the modeling of 3D complex fractures in real geological structures. Meanwhile, the vug model simplifies the coupled porous-free flow with the assumption of multiphase instantaneous gravity differentiation. The accuracy of the modified EDFM and the vug model is demonstrated by comparing the results with those of the conventional EDFM and volume of fluid (VOF) method. After that, a series of case studies, including three conceptual fracture-vug unit models and a real field model, have been conducted to test the proposed hybrid model. The results of the three fracture-vug unit models indicate the significant effect of a local fracture-vug structure on the flow characteristics and production performance. Finally, the application with a real field model with 3D complex fracture and vug geometries further verifies the practicability of our proposed model in real fractured vuggy reservoirs.
Serum-to-urine renalase ratio and renalase fractional excretion in healthy adults and chronic kidney disease patients.
Authors: Serwin Natalia Maria , Wiśniewska Magda , Cecerska-Heryć Elżbieta , Safranow Krzysztof , Skwirczyńska Edyta , Dołęgowska Barbara 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Background: Renalase is a flavoprotein that plays a protective role in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cardiovascular diseases. The secretion and way of action of this protein are still discussed. The aim of our study was to estimate the balance between serum and urine renalase in healthy individuals and CKD patients, using two parameters: fractional excretion (FE) and serum-to-urine renalase ratio (StURR). Methods: Our study involved 28 healthy volunteers and 62 patients with CKD in stages I to IV. The concentration of renalase in serum and urine was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit (EIAab, Wuhan, China). We analyzed associations between renalase levels in urine and serum, and other parameters: sex, age, GFR, presence of hypertension, diabetes, and proteinuria, and determined the serum-to-urine renalase ratio and fractional excretion of renalase. Results: Renalase and serum-to-urine ratio were significantly higher in CKD patients in comparison with the control group. Fractional excretion was lower in CKD patients but this difference did not reach the statistical significance (p=0.092). Multivariate analysis performed in the CKD group showed, that from mentioned parameters, serum renalase was the only significant independent factor strongly positively associated with urinary renalase concentration. Conclusions: The serum-to-urine ratio is significantly and about 6.5-fold higher in CKD patients, and the fractional excretion of renalase is 3-fold, but not significantly lower in CKD patients. Renalase levels in both serum and urine are not related to glomerular filtration rate and not associated with blood pressure.
Effect of arsenic stress on 5-methylcytosine, photosynthetic parameters and nutrient content in arsenic hyperaccumulator Pteris cretica (L.) var. Albo-lineata
Authors: Zemanová Veronika , Popov Marek , Pavlíková Daniela , Kotrba Pavel , Hnilička František , Česká Jana , Pavlík Milan 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Arsenic toxicity induces a range of metabolic responses in plants, including DNA methylation. The focus of this paper was on the relationship between As-induced stress and plant senescence in the hyperaccumulator Pteris cretica var. Albo-lineata (Pc-Al). We assume difference in physiological parameters and level of DNA methylation in young and old fronds as symptoms of As toxicity.
Results
The As accumulation of Pc-Al fronds, grown in pots of haplic chernozem contaminated with 100 mg As kg-1 for 122 days, decreased with age. Content of As was higher in young than old fronds. The highest As content was determined in old fronds of Pc-Al grown in pots with 250 mg As kg-1. The increase with age was confirmed for determined nutrients – Cu, Mg, Mn, S and Zn. A significant elevation of analysed nutrients was showed in old fronds. Arsenic accumulation affected DNA methylation status in fronds, but content of 5-methylcytosine (5mC) decreased only in old fronds of Pc-Al (from 25% to 12%). Determined photosynthetic processes showed a decrease of fluorescence, photosynthetic rate and chlorophylls of As treatments in young and old fronds. Water potential was decreased by As in both fronds. Thinning of the sclerenchymatous inner cortex and a reduction in average tracheid metaxylem in the vascular cylinder was showed in roots of As treatment. Irrespective to fronds age, physiological parameters positively correlated with a 5mC while negatively with direct As toxicity. Opposite results were found for contents of Cu, Mg, Mn, S and Zn.
Conclusions
The results of this paper point to changes in the metabolism of the hyperaccumulator plant Pc-Al, upon low and high exposure to As contamination. The significant impact of As on DNA methylation was found in old fronds. Irrespective to fronds age, significant correlations were confirmed for 5mC and As toxicity. Our analysis of the very low water potential values and lignification of cell walls in roots showed that transports of assimilated metabolites and water between roots and fronds were reduced. As was showed by our results, epigenetic changes could affect studied parameters of the As hyperaccumulator Pc-Al, especially in old fronds.
Adolescents’ Perception Of Dietary Behaviour In A Public School In Chile
Authors: Vio Fernando , Olaya Marcela , Yañez Marisol , Montenegro Edith 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: The objective of this study was to assess dietary behavior among sixth- to eighth-grade students to inform the delivery and content of nutrition education. Methods: This was a qualitative study through focus groups. Subjects were 57 adolescents 10-14 years old, 30 males and 27 females distributed in six groups. To compare group responses, transcriptions were coded using the original question guide. The information was analyzed using the content analysis technique. Results: The main findings showed that adolescents knew dietary guidelines, but they consumed non-healthy food. They liked to cook but preferred fast food preparations. They increased fast food consumption on weekends and with friends. In utilization of Information Communication Technologies (ICT), all students had access to technology through mobile phones, tablets and computers and were open to have an interactive program with personal information about diet and behavior. Conclusions: Adolescents dietary behavior is not healthy and can be changed with interactive programs considering participation, personal information and utilizing ICT. Keywords: adolescents, community health promotion, dietary behavior, qualitative methods, focus groups
Measuring the Quality of Care in Nursing Home Residents with Early-onset Neurodegenerative Diseases: A scoping review
Authors: Heffels Joyce C.F. , Everink Irma H.J. , Oosterloo Mayke , Roos Raymund A.C. , Schols Jos M.G.A. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Nursing home residents with early-onset neurodegenerative diseases are often younger in comparison with other residents, and need different, often more complex care. Accordingly, the measurements currently used for measuring quality of care in nursing homes may not be suitable for use in this target group. Little is known about the experiences of these residents and of their (in)formal caregivers regarding the quality of care they receive. Therefore, the aim of this scoping review is to explore which instruments are available for measuring the quality of care for nursing home residents with early-onset neurodegenerative diseases (excluding dementia), from the perspective of the resident and of (in)formal caregivers. Methods A literature search was performed in the databases Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science and Cinahl. The search strategy consisted of four main concepts: neurodegenerative diseases, quality of care, nursing homes and perspectives of residents, (in)formal caregivers. Studies were included if they used instruments and/or strategies to measure quality of care, focused on nursing home residents with early-onset neurodegenerative diseases and the perspective of either the resident or (in)formal caregiver. Results From a total of 809 identified articles, 87 full text articles were screened for eligibility. Five studies were included, only one of which described an instrument. The other four used topic lists and/or themes to measure quality of care. In total, 60 items related to quality of care could be derived. From these 60 items, eight overarching domains were found, with a subdivision into items derived, respectively, from the residents’, informal and formal caregivers’ perspective: ‘emotional support’, ‘physical support’, ‘social support’, ‘care’, ‘care content’, ‘expertise’, ‘communication’ and ‘organization of care’. Conclusions Currently, there are no methods for assessing the quality of care specifically focused on nursing home residents with early-onset neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, the items retrieved in this review give an overview of important topics for measuring the quality of care for this target group, from the perspective of the resident, and of the informal and formal caregivers. These items might be used to develop a tailored instrument for assessing the quality of care for nursing home residents with early-onset neurodegenerative diseases.
The efficacy of allograft bone using titanium mesh in the posterior-only surgical treatment of thoracic and thoracolumbar spinal tuberculosis
Authors: Wang Bingjin , Hua Wenbin , Ke Wencan , Zhang Yukun , Zeng Xianlin , Yang Cao 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background The bony fusion of allograft bone using titanium mesh in the posterior-only surgical treatment of thoracic and thoracolumbar spinal tuberculosis has not been explained in detail. We aimed to analyze the efficacy of bony fusion of allograft bone using titanium mesh in the posterior-only surgical treatment of thoracic and thoracolumbar spinal tuberculosis. Methods We treated 32 thoracic or thoracolumbar tuberculosis patients by one-stage posterior debridement, allograft bone graft using titanium mesh, posterior instrumentation, and fusion from May 2011 to September 2015. The American Spinal Injury Association neurological classification, visual analog scale, and Oswestry disability index scores were analyzed preoperatively, postoperatively, and at final follow-up. The Cobb angles were recorded to evaluate the kyphosis correction and the loss of correction. The bony fusion was evaluated by X-ray and computed tomography images, and the bony fusion classifications were recorded. Results All patients had pain relief. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-response protein, and hepatorenal function were normal at final follow-up. The American Spinal Injury Association neurological classification, visual analog scale, and Oswestry disability index scores were improved in all the patients. All patients achieved bone fusion. Twenty-eight patients achieved complete fusion (Grade I), whereas only four patients achieved partial fusion (Grade II). The preoperative Cobb angle was 33.6±9.3°. The Cobb angle was reduced to 10.6±2.6° postoperatively and was found to be 11.4±3.1° at the final follow-up. The mean angle correction was 23.0±8.9°, and the correction rate was 66.2±12.2%. The mean angle lost was 0.8±0.9°, and the lost rate was 5.8±5.4% at the final follow-up. Conclusions Allograft bone using titanium mesh in the posterior-only surgical treatment is effective for patients with thoracic and thoracolumbar spinal tuberculosis. It can correct kyphosis, and most patients can achieve complete bony fusion.
Long-term survival trends in patients with unresectable stage III non-small cell lung cancer receiving chemotherapy and radiation therapy: a SEER cancer registry analysis
Authors: Hansen Ryan N , Zhang Yiduo , Seal Brian , Ryan Kellie , Yong Candice , Darilay Annie , Ramsey Scott D 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: To evaluate the value of new therapies for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), it is necessary to understand overall survival (OS) rates associated with previous standard therapies and how these rates have evolved over time.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data from patients enrolled in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) cancer registry. Adults with unresectable, stage III NSCLC treated with chemoradiotherapy were grouped by diagnosis year (2000–2002; 2003–2005; 2006–2008; 2009–2011; 2012–2013). The primary endpoint was OS (data cut-off, December 31, 2014), estimated using the Kaplan–Meier estimator. Temporal survival-trend significance was tested using a two-sided log-rank trend test.

Results: Of 12,865 eligible patients, 59.1% were male, 59.9% had stage IIIB disease, and 62.7% had non-squamous histology. Median age at diagnosis was 67 years. Overall, 10,899 (84.7%) patients died and 1,966 (15.3%) were censored/lost to follow-up. Median follow-up (95% confidence interval [CI]) was 80 (77–82) months; median OS (95% CI) was 15 (15–16) months; 1- and 3-year survival probabilities (95% CI) were 57.7% (56.9–58.6) and 24.1% (23.3–24.8), respectively. Stratification by diagnosis year showed consistent improvements in survival over time ( p < 0.0001 for trend). Median OS was 12, 14, 15, 18, and 19 months in successive cohorts.

Conclusions: OS in patients diagnosed with unresectable, stage III NSCLC between 2003 and 2013 was consistent with that from clinical studies of sequential/concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Despite improvement over time, median OS was <2 years and mortality remained high during the first year post-diagnosis.