bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Probability characteristics and sensitivity of wideband noise-like signal detector with duration selectivity
Authors: Егоров С.Б. , Горбачев Р.И. 
Published: December 2020

Для широкополосного обнаружителя шумового сигнала с квадратором и селекторами сигнала по уровню и длительности разработана методика определения порогов селекции по уровню и длительности, если задана вероятность ложной тревоги на максимально возможном интервале ожидания сигнала. В основе методики – применение «выбросовой» вероятностной модели работы обнаружителя в режиме ожидания и использование многомерной функции распределения вероятностей нормализованного помехового индикаторного процесса. Получена вероятностная характеристика обнаружения и изложена методика оценки чувствительности двухселекторного обнаружителя. Показано, что применение селекции по длительности позволяет повысить чувствительность двухселекторного обнаружителя по сравнению с односелекторным при равной вероятности ложной тревоги. Показано, что существует оптимальное сочетание порогов селекции по уровню и длительности, когда критерием оптимальности является максимум чувствительности обнаружителя. Этот максимум достигается, когда порог селекции по длительности составляет 0.1 от периода средней квадратичной частоты флуктуаций помехового индикаторного процесса.
This article proposes a method for determining the level and duration thresholds in a wideband noise-like signal detector if the probability of a false alarm is set at the maximum possible signal waiting interval. The method is based on the use of «emissional» probabilistic model of the detector in standby mode and the use of a multidimensional probability distribution function of the normalized noise indicator process. A probabilistic characteristic of detection is obtained and also described a technique for the estimation of sensitivity of a two-step selection detector. It is shown that the use of selection by duration makes possible to increase the sensitivity of a two-step selection detector in comparison with a single-step selection detector with an equal probability of a false alarm. It is shown that there is an optimal combination of selection thresholds in terms of level and duration, when the optimality criterion is the maximum sensitivity of the detector. This maximum is reached when the duration selection threshold is about 0.1 of the period of the root-mean-square fluctuations frequency of the noise indicator process.
Influence of curing technology on morphology and physical characteristics of epoxy glue DM-5-65
Authors: Баранец И.В. , Бобков А.Д. , Гайдукова Л.В. , Краснов А.В. , Легуша Ф.Ф. , Пугачев С.И. , Рытов Е.Ю. 
Published: December 2020

Проведено комплексное исследование воздействия энергетических полей различной физической природы – электротермического (ЭТ), ультразвукового (УЗ), сверхвысокочастотного (СВЧ) и комбинации этих полей на морфологию, удельную плотность и свободную поверхностную энергию промышленного эпоксидного клея ДМ-5-65, содержащего в качестве одного из неорганических наполнителей титанат бария (BaTiO3). В соответствии с технологией изготовления составных электроакустических преобразователей гидроакустических систем клей наносился на поверхность пьезокерамики, металлизированную серебром высокотемпературным методом «вжигания». Экспериментально установлено существенное варьирование характера расположения наполнителя BaTiO3 в матрице связующего, плотности химических связей и адгезии образующегося соединения клей – металл при изменении технологии отверждения клея. Анализ полученных результатов свидетельствует о возможности регулирования в широких пределах плотности и однородности клея, а также смачиваемости клеем поверхности твердого тела.
A comprehensive study of the effect of energy fields of various physical nature – electrothermal (ET), ultrasonic (US), microwave and a combination of these fields on the morphology, specific density and free surface energy of industrial epoxy glue DM-5-65, containing barium titanate (BaTiO3) as one of the non-organic fillers. In accordance with the technology of manufacturing composite electroacoustic transducers of hydroacoustic systems, glue was applied to the surface of piezoceramics, metallized with silver by the high-temperature "burning" method. Experimentally, a significant variation in the nature of the location of the BaTiO3 filler in the binder matrix, the density of chemical bonds, and the adhesion of the resulting glue-metal compound when the glue curing technology changes. The analysis of the obtained results shows that it is possible to control the density and uniformity of the glue, as well as the wettability of the solid surface by the glue, within a wide range.
Estudio de la herramienta VR Foren en población anciana con fractura de cadera y situación de pérdida de movilidad de más de tres meses de evolución: un diseño cuasi-experimental no aleatorizado
Authors: Ortín-Ramon Charo , Blázquez-Piñán Alicia , Cayón-Ariza María , García-Morato Guillermo , Antón-Sanz Miguel 
Published: December 2020

Introducción: La fractura de cadera (FC) es una de las lesiones más comunes del mayor, más incapacitante y con mayor impacto en comorbilidad. La rehabilitación intensiva y precoz ha demostrado ser eficaz en variables motóricas, funcionales y cognitivas. En los últimos años se contempla el uso de nuevas tecnologías, incluyendo la realidad virtual (VR).
Objetivo: Conocer el impacto de la tecnología VR Foren en fuerza, reeducación y seguridad de la marcha en pacientes geriátricos con FC de más de tres meses de evolución que presentan incapacidad o déficit en la marcha.
Diseño: Estudio cuasi-experimental no aleatorizado.
Participantes: Muestra total de 8 pacientes. Se incluyeron residentes que hubiesen sufrido una FC y estuviesen dentro del periodo crónico y que presentaran en la actualidad una incapacidad para la marcha o una marcha inestable o insegura. Además no debían tener déficits cognitivos, déficits visuales no corregibles ni contraindicación para recibir electroestimulación.
Intervenciones: La duración total fue de 15 horas: 1 hora 3 veces por semana durante 5 semanas. Se realizó movilización activa para ganar amplitud articular, contracción muscular activa de la musculatura peritrocantérea, alivio del dolor y reeducación de la marcha. El grupo experimental (GE) realizó todas las técnicas empleando VR Foren sincronizado con electroestimulación. El grupo control (GC) realizó terapia convencional de fisioterapia, sin VR.
Variables principales: Se midieron aspectos pre-post intervención de valoración muscular funcional, cinemática y funcionalidad de la marcha.
Resultados: GE logró mejores resultados en fuerza en los grupos musculares de flexión dorsal de tobillo, IC 95% y p<0,05 y en cinemática de la marcha, IC 95% y p<0,05. VR Foren obtuvo un impacto en la rehabilitación de la fuerza, la funcionalidad y el patrón de marcha. Además, contó con una gran aceptación. Su aplicación en FC puede recomendarse en el tratamiento de la lesión, incluida la fase más aguda de la lesión (durante prescripción de descarga), con el fin de paliar posibles complicaciones de atrofia y control motor.
Digital development and national security in the context of legal issues
Authors: І. М. Доронін  
Published: December 2020

This paper analyzes Ukrainian state planning in the digital economy and society development, as well as legal issues arising in this sphere. The lack of consideration to the national security issues in process of state planning are highlighted. Terms “digitalization” and “informatization” are identical in social and legal science. Problematic areas of correlation between national security law and information law are identified.
Hadronic High-energy Emission from Magnetically Arrested Disks in Radio Galaxies
Authors: Kimura Shigeo S. , Toma Kenji 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We propose a novel interpretation that gamma rays from nearby radio galaxies are hadronic emission from magnetically arrested disks (MADs) around central black holes (BHs). The magnetic energy in MADs is higher than the thermal energy of the accreting plasma, where the magnetic reconnection or turbulence may efficiently accelerate nonthermal protons. They emit gamma rays via hadronic processes, which can account for the observed gamma rays for M87 and NGC 315. Nonthermal electrons are also accelerated with protons and produce MeV gamma rays, which is useful to test our model by proposed MeV satellites. The hadronic emission from the MADs may significantly contribute to the GeV gamma-ray background and produce the multi-PeV neutrino background detectable by IceCube-Gen2. In addition, gamma rays from MADs provide electron–positron pairs through two-photon pair production at the BH magnetosphere. These pairs can screen the vacuum gap, which affects high-energy emission and jet-launching mechanisms in radio galaxies.
Application of Convolutional Neural Networks to Identify Protostellar Outflows in CO Emission
Authors: Xu Duo , Offner Stella S. R. , Gutermuth Robert , Oort Colin Van 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We adopt the deep learning method casi-3d (Convolutional Approach to Structure Identification-3D) to identify protostellar outflows in molecular line spectra. We conduct magnetohydrodynamics simulations that model forming stars that launch protostellar outflows and use these to generate synthetic observations. We apply the 3D radiation transfer code radmc-3d to model 12CO (J = 1–0) line emission from the simulated clouds. We train two casi-3d models: ME1 is trained to predict only the position of outflows, while MF is trained to predict the fraction of the mass coming from outflows in each voxel. The two models successfully identify all 60 previously visually identified outflows in Perseus. Additionally, casi-3d finds 20 new high-confidence outflows. All of these have coherent high-velocity structure, and 17 of them have nearby young stellar objects, while the remaining three are outside the Spitzer survey coverage. The mass, momentum, and energy of individual outflows in Perseus predicted by model MF is comparable to the previous estimations. This similarity is due to a cancellation in errors: previous calculations missed outflow material with velocities comparable to the cloud velocity; however, they compensate for this by overestimating the amount of mass at higher velocities that has contamination from nonoutflow gas. We show that outflows likely driven by older sources have more high-velocity gas compared to those driven by younger sources.
Formation of Chromospheric Spicules in Magnetic Bright Points: An Analytical Approach Using Cartesian Slab Geometry
Authors: Oxley William , Scalisi Joseph , Ruderman Michael S. , Erdélyi Róbert 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We aim to provide insight into chromospheric spicules by suggesting a new formation mechanism. A magnetic field boundary condition is imposed, generating an Alfvén wave that shears a magnetic slab and propagates up the slab. The resulting Lorentz force accelerates material vertically, potentially nonlinearly driving a jet-like feature. This formation mechanism is applied to take place in a magnetic bright point embedded in the photosphere, providing motivation to use the simplifying assumption of a zero-β plasma. After deriving an analytical expression describing the vertical mass flux that constitutes the spicular jet, further understanding is gained by examining a model example of a magnetic field boundary condition in terms of standard functions. By visualizing the vertical mass flux through 3D plots, we demonstrate that the jet properties capture the observed properties of chromospheric spicules during their formation. This vindicates the model and simplifying assumptions used. Although we do not provide insight into the full evolution of a spicule, we show that the role of Alfvén waves triggered by shear in fact could be a viable formation mechanism for at least some chromospheric spicules. Consequently, we provide a starting point for further studies of this formation mechanism, which will lead to a greater understanding of the vast variety of chromospheric jets.
Preparation and characterization of ethylcellulose microspheres for sustained-release of pregabalin
Authors: Yasin Haya , Al-Taani Bashar , Salem Mutaz Sheikh 
Published: December 2020

Background and purpose:
Pregabalin is used in the treatment of epilepsy, chronic pain, and other psychological disorders. Preparation of pregabalin in the sustained-release formulation will enhance patient compliance and reduce the incidence of side effects. The aim of this study was to prepare sustained-release microspheres for pregabalin utilizing ethylcellulose and evaluate the processing factors that influence the fabrication and the performance of the prepared microspheres.

Experimental approach:
The microspheres were prepared using the water-oil-oil double emulsion solvent evaporation method. Microspheres were characterized for particle size, encapsulation efficiency, and in vitro drug release. The influence of the processing variables on the characteristics of the prepared microspheres was studied. Microspheres solid-state characterization performed using differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy.

Findings/Results:
The results described in the context of the current work illustrated the suitability of the water-oil-oil system in the preparation of sustained-release microspheres for pregabalin. The optimum formulation was prepared at a drug to polymer ratio of 1:3 w/w, stirring speed of 600 rpm, surfactant concentration of 1.5%, and external phase volume of 150 mL. This formula produced microspheres particle size in the range 600-1000 μm, with 87.6% yield, and 80.14 ± 0.53% encapsulation efficiency. Drug release from the microspheres was found to be diffusion controlled, with a pH-independent behavior.

Conclusion and implication
The current work presented a successful attempt to fabricate a sustained-release microsphere comprising pregabalin. This will help overcome the frequent dosing problems with conventional pregabalin dosage forms and improve product performance.
Protective effects of a standardized extract of Iris germanica on pancreas and liver in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
Authors: Mahdinezhad Mohammad Reza , Hooshmand Sara , Soukhtanloo Mohammad , Jamshidi Shirin Taraz , Ehtiati Sajad , Ghorbani Ahmad 
Published: December 2020

Background and purpose:
Previous studies have shown the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and hypolipidemic activities of Iris germanica. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the protective effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Iris germanica rhizomes on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

Experimental approach:
Twenty-four male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into four groups including a normal control group, diabetic control group, diabetic groups treated for 4 weeks with 100 and 200 mg/kg/day of the Iris germanica extract (IGE).

Findings/Results:
Induction of diabetes significantly decreased the body weight gain and considerably increased the serum levels of glucose, triglyceride, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Diabetes also diminished the antioxidant capacity of the liver (decrease of thiol groups) and significantly degenerated pancreatic islands. The IGE at both doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg significantly reduced the levels of glucose, triglyceride, AST, ALT, and ALP. Moreover, IGE increased the total antioxidant capacity of the liver and ameliorated pancreatic island morphology. The extract had no significant effect on body weight and BUN level.

Conclusion and implication:
These findings suggest that Iris germanica rhizomes inhibits the progression of hyperglycemia and hypertriglyceridemia and has protective effects against diabetes-induced injury of the liver and pancreas. Therefore, this plant has the potential to be used as a natural product for controlling diabetes.
Fano quiver moduli
Authors: Franzen Hans , Reineke Markus , Sabatini Silvia 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe exhibit a large class of quiver moduli spaces, which are Fano varieties, by studying line bundles on quiver moduli and their global sections in general, and work out several classes of examples, comprising moduli spaces of point configurations, Kronecker moduli, and toric quiver moduli.
A weak Lefschetz result for Chow groups of complete intersections
Authors: Lewis James , Shtayat Jenan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe introduce a weak Lefschetz-type result on Chow groups of complete intersections. As an application, we can reproduce some of the results in [P]. The purpose of this paper is not to reproduce all of [P] but rather illustrate why the aforementioned weak Lefschetz result is an interesting idea worth exploiting in itself. We hope the reader agrees.
Equality and Diversity Management Inside the Institutions of the European Union
Authors: Manessi Silvia 
Published: December 2020

The aim of this paper is to analyse the legal framework regulating the careers of civil servants working for the EU institutions and reveal how the values of equality and diversity are communicated and embedded in their daily lives. The research examines the English language used in the HR legal framework of the EU institutions and explores the linguistic aspects related to equality and diversity management and inclusive language.
The starting point of this research is the idea that the European Union is based on the values of democracy, the rules of law and the equal treatment of its citizen, who are celebrated for their diversity. It is thus highly relevant to look at the EU in action and see if it is consistent in the understanding and application of these values.
The methodological approach of this research entailed the creation and analysis of a unique corpus composed of all the applicable HR legal provisions in force within the EU institutions, and the examination of the linguistic features (word lists by frequency, concordances, collocations and lexical bundles) of the terminology related to four different areas of equality and diversity – the LGBTI community, gender, the elderly and persons with a disability – with the final aim to take stock of the related developments in the use of the English language.
The results indicate that the language used in the EU HRM legal framework is not in line with the EU values of equality and diversity, and the research concludes with highlighting possible improvements of the language used in the corpus.
Représentation et interprétation du concept de pofigisme dans le récit de Sylvain Tesson « Le Train »
Authors: Kazakova Ekaterina Vladimirovna , Voskressenskaia Natalia Aleksandrovna 
Published: December 2020

L’article propose l’analyse des moyens lexicaux, stylistiques et structuraux servant à présenter le concept culturel russe (slave) qui exprime un certain fatalisme dans la manière d’appréhender et de vivre la vie. Cette particularité a été décrite et analysée, en parallèle avec le savoir-vivre, par l’écrivain français Sylvain Tesson. Des éléments sémantiquement opposés sont choisis pour introduire des comparaisons métaphoriques de deux cultures assez distinctes. Les lexèmes choisis pour rendre compte de cette opposition et leur sémantique mettent en valeur la différence des visions du monde et l’acception de soi dans sa propre culture : l’action fait face à l’inertie. L’auteur ne semble pourtant pas décidé à se positionner : le choix des lexèmes et les collocations non évidentes en sont le reflet. Le champ lexical du « pofigisme », tel que l’emploie l’auteur, est constitué des lexèmes dont la sémantique sous-entend que le narrateur n’accepte pas cette vision du monde, même si elle est envisagée comme une certaine vérité. Cette dernière idée est soutenue par la structure du récit qui suit les étapes de l’initiation rituelle. Malgré l’image relativement positive du « pofigiste », les lexèmes constituant son noyau démontrent le contraire.
Measurement of Global Competitiveness of Non-Wood Forest Products: The Case of Turkey
Authors: Ersen Nadir 
Published: December 2020

Non-wood forest products (NWFPs) contribute economically to all countries in the world and they are an important source of income, especially for people living in or near the forest. They are also used in many sectors such as medicine, chemistry and paint industry. In this respect, the importance of NWFPs is increasing day by day. In this research, the comparative advantage of NWFPs of Turkey was analyzed. It was used revealed comparative advantage (RCA), relative trade advantage (RTA), and revealed competitiveness (RC) in the analysis of research. The research is based on secondary data and was used for 2008-2019 period. As a result, Turkey has a strong competitiveness in NWFPs between years 2008 and 2019. When non-wood forest products are examined at subgroup level, Turkey has a comparative advantage in 8 product groups.
Key words: NWFPs, comparative advantage, trade; exports
Análisis antropométrico y de somatotipo en jugadores de pádel en función de su nivel de juego (Anthropometric and somatotype analysis between padel players according to their level of play)
Authors: Marín Diego Muñoz , Toro Román Víctor , Pérez Francisco Javier Grijota , Ibañez Javier Courel , Pay Alejandro Sánchez , Alcaraz Bernardino Javier Sánchez 
Published: December 2020

El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la composición corporal y el somatotipo en jugadores de pádel en función de la categoría de juego. La muestra incluyó a 40 jugadores masculinos de pádel distribuidos en 2 grupos: 20 jugadores de primera categoría (alto nivel, edad: 28.3 ± 8.3 años) y 20 de tercera categoría (bajo nivel, edad: 30.5 ± 7.5 años). Se tomaron medidas de peso, altura, pliegues, diámetros y perímetros para determinar la composición corporal y somatotipo. Los jugadores de bajo nivel (tercera categoría) mostraron un mayor IMC (23.8 ± 2.4 vs 25.7 ± 2.3 kg/m2) y mayores valores de pliegues abdominal y subescapular, en comparación con los de alto nivel (p <.05). Por el contrario, los jugadores de primera categoría presentaron mayor porcentaje muscular y menor porcentaje graso en comparación con los jugadores de tercera categoría, resultando en un somatotipo ectomorfo de los jugadores de alto nivel (p <.05). En conclusión, los jugadores de pádel presentan unas características antropométricas y de somatotipo diferentes según la categoría de juego, con una notable mejor composición corporal en los jugadores de mayor nivel.
Abstract. This study aimed to analyse the body composition and somatotype in padel players according to their playing category. The sample comprised 40 male padel players divided into two groups: 20 players of first category (high level, age: 28.3 ± 8.3 years) and 20 padel player of third category (low level, age: 30.5 ± 7.5 years). Weight, height, skin folds, diameters and perimeters were measured to determine the body composition and somatotype. Low level players showed higher BMI (23.8 ± 2.4 vs 25.7 ± 2.3 kg/m2) and higher abdominal and subscapular skin folds compared to high level players (p < .05). On the other hand, the first category players had higher muscle mass and lower fat percentages than third category players, resulting in an ectomorphic somatotype in high level players (p <.05). In conclusion, padel players present different anthropometric characteristics and somatotype regarding their level of play, with a notably better body composition in players from a higher level.