bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanical Properties of Lightweight Concrete Using Class F Fly Ash as a Partial Replacement for Ordinary Portland Cement
Authors: Salain I M A K 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This study shows the mechanical properties of lightweight concrete (LWC) made by partially replacing ordinary Portland cement (OPC) with class F fly ash (FFA). Natural sand and pumice were used as the fine aggregate and coarse aggregate, respectively. Five LWC mixtures, M1, M2, M3, M4, and M5, were made by replacing, by weight, of 0%, 10%, 20%, 30 %, and 40% OPC with FFA, respectively. The mix proportion of LWC, by weight, was 1.00 binder: 3.24 fine aggregate: 1.19 coarse aggregate, and the water-binder ratio was 0.32. Tests of the LWC mechanical properties were conducted at the hydration time of 28 and 56 days using 150 by 300 mm cylindrical specimens. The results indicate that the use of FFA as a partial replacement for OPC improved the development of the mechanical properties of LWC. The compressive strength and the modulus of elasticity of the LWC increased in all the mixtures during the hydration time. The optimal proportion of FFA for replacing OPC in LWC is about 20%. With this optimal proportion and after 56 days of hydration, the compressive strength and the modulus of elasticity are, respectively, about 113% and 105% of those produced by LWC made with 100% OPC.
Optimizing Prediction Accuracy of Concrete Mixture Behavior Using Hybrid K-means Clustering and Ensemble Machine Learning
Authors: Wijaya D , Prayogo D , Santoso D I , Gunawan T , Widjaja J A 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Concrete is the most used material in infrastructure development, especially in a developing country. The concrete used in project must not only satisfy the desired concrete strength, but also the workability. Additionally, due to different conditions in construction projects, the requirement for workability varies. Workability can be measured using several methods. Previously, traditional trial-and-error of concrete mix design were used to achieve desired slump and flow test value. However, the experiment is often inexpensive, and the obtained results may not be sufficiently accurate. Recently, the potential of the AI method has been gaining increased attention as the new and promising alternative method to predict slump and flow tests, based on historical data. Thus, this study develops an effective hybrid AI-based method to predict slump and flow tests from the given concrete mixture dataset. A total of 103 historical data are used. At the beginning, the samples are separated into two groups using k-means clustering. Each cluster is modelled using the ensemble of six prediction methods, which are REG, CART, GENLIN, CHAID, ANN and SVM. The obtained results show that our proposed method can build the prediction method with a high accuracy, measured by several performance indicators.
Effectiveness of Glass Powder as a Partial Replacement of Sand in Concrete Mixtures
Authors: Safarizki H A , Gunawan L I , Marwahyudi  
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Concrete is commonly used as the main component in a building. Concrete is obtained by mixing Portland cement, water, aggregates, and sometimes added ingredients at certain comparisons in the form of chemicals, fibrous materials, and non-chemical materials. Utilization of glass powder waste for concrete mixtures is now being developed. This research was conducted to determine the optimum composition of glass powder as a partial replacement of sand against the compressive strength of concrete. The content of the glass powder mixture used is 10%, 15%, 20%, and 30% of the weight of sand in the concrete mixture. Slump test results showed that in the variation of coarse glass powder concrete slump decreased due to lack of bonding capacity between the aggregates. In concrete with a variation of fine glass powder the slump slightly decreases because the fine glass powder absorbs too much water. Concrete compressive strength testing is carried out at 28 days. The results of concrete compressive strength test showed the optimum value can be achieved by 22.8 MPa with 15% variation in glass powder content. The use of glass powder is effective as a substitute for partial sand at 15% of coarse glass powder.
The Effect of Traffic Movement Design Study at The Manahan Flyover to the Road Network Performance Using Traffic Micro-Simulation VISSIM
Authors: Yulianto B , Setiono  , Putri S N 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Level crossings between railway and highway causes transportation problems in the form of traffic jams and accidents. The Manahan Flyover development in the Surakarta city is an effort to minimize transportation problems in the Manahan and Kota Barat areas. Field condition shows that traffic congestion in the Manahan Flyover can be minimized, but traffic accident rate is increasing. Within nine months an accident occurred with two dead victims. The potential of traffic accident is inseparable with the design of the Manahan Flyover with the design of three-way intersection. The aim of study is to redesign traffic movement in the Manahan Flyover and surrounding Manahan area. Traffic micro-simulation VISSIM model is used to evaluate the performance of road networks at peak traffic conditions with different simulation models. The scenario simulation model is developed based on the calibrated base simulation model. In order to avoid potential accidents, therefore, the direction of traffic movement at the Manahan Flyover is made with a one-way system. The modelling scenario results indicate that the diversion of traffic movement at the Manahan Flyover must be followed by various traffic management and engineering efforts in the Manahan area including road widening, parking management, application of a one-way system.
Methods for Handling Rob Floods in the Banger River Basin in Semarang City
Authors: Ikhwanudin  , Wahyudi S I , Soedarsono  
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In the area of North Semarang often occurs tidal floods. The current government has dealt with the flooding of Rob by making dykes on the north coast of semarang. There is a method of handling tidal flooding by making a retention pool, Longstorage equipped with a pump if there is a flood the water is stored in a retention pond then the water is pumped into the river. The purpose of this study is to formulate a correlation between pumps and retention ponds. Alternative flood control using the count of 50 years. The method used is using HEC-HMS. There are three alternatives used in the simulation: 1st alternative pond with an area of 3.8 m3 and a storage volume of 114,000 m3, with inflow of 31.4 m3/s in this alternative the capacity of pump is 30 m3/s, second alternative pool with an area of 4.7 m2 and reservoir volume of 142,000 m3, with inflow of 31.4 m3/s, with pump capacity of 27 m3/s. third alternative ponds with an area of 5.0 m2 and a reservoir volume of 150,000 m3, with inflow of 31.4 m3/s. In this alternative a pump with a capacity of 25 m3/s used.
Study of Generation, Composition, Characteristics, and Recycling Potential of Industrial Food Waste in Padang City
Authors: Dewilda Y , Warnares S A , Zulkarnaini  
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The purpose of research to measure and analyze the generation, composition, characteristics, and potential recycling industrial food waste in Padang City. The sampling and determination of samples based on SNI 19-3964-1994, which was carried out for eight consecutive days with sampling from 35 food industry consist of large industrial, medium industries, and small industries. The average quantities of food waste generated from the large, medium, and small industries in Padang City were 0.005 kg/d, 0.083 kg/d, and 0.262 kg/d, respectively. The composition of food waste consists of 94.01% organic waste, 5.97% plastic waste, 0.01% paper waste, and 0.01% other waste. The potential for recycling of industrial food waste was 75.20% plastic, 100% nonferrous metal, and 97.38% organic waste. The characteristics of the waste based on parameters average density, water content, volatile content, ash content, fixed carbon, C/N ratio, calorific value, and biodegradability fraction were 13.32 kg/l, 13.77%, 26.75%, 45.39%, 14.09%, 13.77, 1,798 kJ/kg, 38.87%, respectively. The generation, composition, characteristics, and potential recycling industrial food waste is very important for proper waste management.
Determination of Construction Design to Reduce the Amount of Marine Litter at Seawater Intake Using Particle Tracking Module of Numerical Method by Mike 21 (Case Study: Tanjung Awar - Awar, Tuban, East Java)
Authors: Khoirunnisa H , Wibowo M , Hendriyono W 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This research aims to analyze and estimate the amount of marine litter which get into seawater intake of PT Trans-Pacific Petrochemical Indonesia (TPPI) Tuban in existing conditions during west monsoon and east monsoon. Ten designs will be simulated to reduce and trap the marine debris entering the seawater intake (SWI). These designs will be tested for their effectiveness in reducing the number of debris entering the SWI using the particle tracking module of MIKE 21 numerical modelling package. The required data in this simulation are wind (speed and direction), wave (significant height, direction and period), the bathymetry of and coastline. Besides, this simulation is conducted based on primary data provided by TPPI Tuban management as the validation data. Based on the simulation results, the amount of marine litter entering SWI in the west monsoon is greater than the east monsoon, which is 349.14 kg/year for west monsoon and 100.84 kg/year for east monsoon. Based on the simulation results using the particle tracking module, it was found that design 5 is the most effective design, with the effectiveness of 73.97%. The biggest accumulation of marine litter using construction design 5 occurred in November, which was 355.36 kg.
Wave Model for the Design of Sustainable Coastal Infrastructures at an Industrial Site in Tuban, East Java
Authors: Hendriyono W , Wibowo M , Subarkah A , Aziz H 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This study focuses on the use of computational model in the design of a breakwater structure, which aims to determine the propagation pattern of the long-term ocean waves, in order to understand their propagation from the deep waters, and to determine the distribution of their energy around a proposed breakwater construction site. The method used is computational simulation of the wave model using the 2D Boussinesq Wave (BW) Module of MIKE21 software. The simulation used an incoming wave of 4.6 m high, which corresponds to the 100 years return-period value. The results show that the existing breakwater layout can protect the harbour by reducing the incoming waveheight by up to 75%. At the proposed design condition, the propagation pattern of the incoming wave slightly differs from the existing condition. The presence of the slopes on both sides of the channel changes the wave direction outwards due to shoaling effects, and consequently, larger concentration of wave energy occurs at some parts of the proposed breakwater design. Results from the model are useful for the design of the new breakwater structures, which is designed according to the predicted wave energy distribution.
Mangrove Damage Evaluation using Two Species of Acanthus as a Biomonitoring Agent, Case Study: Segara Anakan Cilacap, Indonesia
Authors: Ardli E R , Yani E 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Mangrove area continues to be decreased and lost in Indonesia due to human activities as well as natural disturbances. Segara Anakan is the largest mangrove ecosystem left in Java Island, where also in critical condition that mainly due to sedimentation and people use. This mangrove degradation can be evaluated by using mangrove understorey as a bioindicator. Acanthus genera are one of mangrove vegetation that can overgrow after mangrove degraded and canopy been opened. There are two species, which are Acanthus ilicifolius and Acanthus ebracteatus in Segara Anakan mangrove ecosystems. The survey method with purposive sampling was used in this study in 2010 and 2018. Ecological data were analyzed using PRIMER-E, mapping, and spatial analysis using Surfer and ArcView 3.2. The study shows two species of Acanthus were distributed aggregate, especially in the damaged mangrove that found a low density of mangrove in the sapling and tree category. The density of Acanthus has increased during one decade as well as its distribution than one decade before. Therefore, Acanthus can be used for biomonitoring agent of mangrove damage because of its specific characteristics and distribution.
Translocation Factor of Zinc (Zn) in Water and Sediment by Root and Stem of Rhizophora sp. at Blanakan Riparian, West Java
Authors: Purwaningdyah A R , Takarina N D 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Mangroves are plants that can transport, absorb, and store heavy metals in the surrounding environment. This study aims to measure the capacity of Rhizophora sp. root and stem in transporting, absorbing, and storing Zn from water and sediment of Blanakan Riparian, West Java. Rhizophora sp. root, stem, water, and sediment samples were collected from 3 stations located on the Blanakan Riparian, West Java. Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer was used to analyze the Zn contents from the samples. Likewise, Bioconcentration Factor (BCF) and Translocation Factor (TF) were used to calculate the Zn contents from water and sediment stored in root and stem. The results showed that the range of BCF of Zn in water and sediment in root were 108.214-284.204 and 0.254-0.271, respectively. Meanwhile, the range of BCF of Zn in water and sediment in the stem were 112.193-189.611 and 0.233-0.297. Furthermore, the range of TF of Zn in water and sediment were 0.667-1.036 and 0.917-1.095. To conclude, the root and stem of Rhizophora sp. can be used to translocate Zn contents from water and sediment at Blanakan Riparian, West Java.
Macrozoobenthos Diversity as a Bioindicator of Heavy Metal Pollution in Segara Anakan Lagoon, Cilacap District, Indonesia
Authors: Lestari S , Rahmanto T A 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Various methods are available for monitoring pollution levels in surface water and sediments, including using organisms as bioindicators. Segara Anakan Lagoon is an estuarine ecosystem that could be affected by contaminants transported by rivers. Pollution sources include pesticides and fertilizers from upstream agricultural areas, domestic waste, and shipping traffic. Macrozoobenthos are among the organisms commonly used as bioindicators of environmental pollution. Macrozoobenthos live at the bottom of the water column, and as deposit feeders, they lend themselves to use as bioindicators. The structure of the macrozoobenthos community in Segara Anakan has changed, as evidenced by the diversity and abundance of benthic species. Furthermore, environmental pollution parameters, such as heavy metal concentrations in water and sediments, are relatively high in the lagoon. Concentrations of Hg, Pb, Cd, and Cr varied among collection sites, with average concentrations of 0.04, 4.4, 1.2, and 1.4 ppm, respectively. In general, the abundance of macrozoobenthos was low at collection stations with high heavy metal concentrations, demonstrating that heavy metal pollution has occurred in Segara Anakan. Correlation tests between macrozoobenthos and heavy metal concentrations in water and sediments yielded r-values of > 0.8225 and 0.7473, respectively.
Enzymatic Activities of Streptomyces spp. Isolated from Natural Habitat of Nipah Worm in Sungai Kakap District, West Kalimantan
Authors: Yanti A H , Setyawati T R , Kurniatuhadi R 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Streptomyces involves in the degradation process of organic compounds on the soils, including mangrove forests. In this process, Streptomyces secretes several enzymes to convert the substrates into other substances, which will readily be available for detritus feeders, including nipah worms (Namalycastis rhodochorde). This study investigated the enzyme activities of six Streptomyces spp. that has been isolated from mangrove soil in Sungai Kakap District, West Kalimantan. Enzymatic activities were detected on four different media: CMC-congo red agar, skim milk agar, gelatine nutritive agar, starch casein agar. Catalase activity was detected using 3% of H2O2 solution. The results showed that six Streptomyces spp. had proteolytic, cellulolytic, amylolytic, gelatin liquefaction, and catalase activities. Streptomyces NrASA1 has the highest proteolytic activity index values, namely 0.57. Streptomyces NrASA3 and Streptomyces NrASA4 have the highest amylolytic and cellulolytic activity index values, respectively 0.76 and 1.15. The enzymatic activity profile of indigenous Streptomyces spp. can be utilized for the development of feed formula for nipah worm cultivation.
Rhizospheric Soil Fungi from Several Food Crops in Purwokerto
Authors: Purwati E S , Dwiputranto U , Ekowati N , Ratnaningtyas N I 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
There are several interaction patterns of fungus that live in the rhizosphere of plants, i.e. mutualism, commensalism, saprophytism, and parasitism. The objective of this study was to determine the genera of microscopic fungus collected from the rhizosphere of groundnut, mays plant, and rice field. In addition, the diversity of soil fungi of those three plants was considered. Research method applied was survey with purposive sampling. The rhizospheric soil sample was obtained from research locations of groundnut, mays plants, and rice field in Purwokerto area. The soil samples were taken from 1-10 cm deep. Next they were isolated, and then they were purified. Furthermore, the obtained data of fungus collection were then analysed descriptively, and also described based on their macro and micro morphology. Then, the collected fungus were identified by using identification manual for fungus. The result showed that fifteen (15) isolates were found in three different rhizosphere of ground nut, mays plants, and rice field. The description is as follow: Aspergillus-1, Aspergillus-2, Penicillium-1, Penicillium-2, Mycophyta, Aureobasidia, Cylindrocarpon, Mucor-1, Mucor-2, Chaetomium, Gliocladium, Trichoderma-1, Trichoderma-2, Pleurophragmium, and Gonytrichum. Finally, the diversity Index (H’) noted from rhizosphere of groundnut plants was 0.312; mays was 0.195; and (H’) of rice field was 0.124.
The Plankton Composition from the Lagoon to the Marine Entrance at the West Part of Segara Anakan Mangrove Ecosystem in Cilacap
Authors: Sastranegara M H , Widyartini D S , Fitriana I , Rani K M 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
There was a unique brackish water ecosystem and affected a chance in the plankton composition at lagoon and riverside in Segara Anakan Cilacap. This study aimed to map phytoplankton and zooplankton composition consisting of freshwater and marine plankton from the lagoon to the marine entrance in the west part of Segara Anakan Cilacap. The survey method was taken with purposive random sampling in fourteen stations and four replicates with new and full moon conditions from March to April 2018 in a wet season. The result showed 52 species of plankton. All species belonged to phylum Cyanophyta (9 species), Chlorophyta (13 species), Chrysophyta (19 species), Euglenozoa (2 species), Rotifera (2 species) and Arthropoda (7 species). Of the 52 species collected in all stations and replicates, phytoplankton has a greater species richness (41 species) than zooplankton (11 species). And also, freshwater plankton (47 species) has a higher species richness than marine plankton (5 species) due to the wet season condition causing freshwater enters brackish water. The largest freshwater of River Citanduy enters the brackish water of Segara Anakan mangrove ecosystem in Cilacap and causing the freshwater phytoplankton abundance, especially Staurastrum sp. in inland waters of Segara Anakan Cilacap.
Effect of Temperature and Zinc (Zn) Temporal Variation in Water on Size Distribution of River Catfish (Mystus sp.) at Blanakan River, West Java
Authors: Sekarini D A , Takarina N D 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
River catfish (Mystus sp.) is a species commonly found in the Blanakan river. The community also consumes this species lived around Blanakan. This study aimed to investigate the effect of temporal variation of temperature and metal Zn on the Mystus sp. size distribution. The fish samples and water were collected from the river in the early and end of June to represent temporal variation. Simultaneously, the water temperatures were also recorded. The fish samples’ length and weight were measured. The AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy) was used to analyze Zn in water samples. The results showed that there was a temperature decrease from 32.9 0C to 30.8 0C. The Zn was also decreased from 1.12 mg/l to 0.14 mg/l. The length of Mystus sp. was increased from 13.27 cm to 14.00 cm. In contrast, the weight was reduced from 36.29 g to 32.88 g. To conclude, the temperature and Zn temporal variation affected the increasing length and reducing weight.
The Potential of Nereis sp. (Polychaete) as Prawn Feed at the Coastal Farming of Jeruklegi, Cilacap
Authors: Wibowo E S , Puspitasari I G A R , Palupi E S , Atang  
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Nereis sp. (Polychaete) belongs to the Nereidae family that lives as benthic organisms in estuarine. The high level of amino acid and unsaturated fatty acid in Nereis sp. is potentially used as a nutrient in prawn feed. These compositions increase the quality of prawn gametes and larvae. However, there is still less information about the nutrient composition of Nereis sp. in the Jeruklegi area. Therefore, a study about nutrient composition (chemical composition) of Nereis sp. in this area was conducted to provide necessary information for the Nereis sp. culture in the future. This study used a survey method, and sampling was conducted in four stations with three replications at each three-sampling point in each station. The result showed no significant differences in protein and fat composition of Nereis sp. among stations. The protein contents ranging from 42.06 to 51.68%, and fat content range from 12.93 to 22%. The high content of both protein and lipid are reliable to fulfill the requirements in prawn farming. Therefore, Nereis sp. from Jeruklegi has a high potential to be utilized as a new food resource on prawn farming.
Light management using CsPbBr3 colloidal quantum dots for luminescent solar concentrators
Authors: Singh Akhilesh Kumar 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
CsPbBr3 colloidal quantum dots have been synthesized by hot-injection method showing spherical shape with an average diameter of ∼10.5 nm. UV–vis absorption of CsPbBr3 colloidal quantum dots shows a broad spectrum with an optical bandgap of ∼2.3682 eV. The steady-state photoluminescence measurement reveals a narrow emission peak at 2.352 eV with full-width at half maximum of 0.113 eV. Absolute photoluminescence quantum yield of colloidal quantum dots dispersed in poly(methyl methacrylate) was found to be 60 ± 1%. The time-resolved photoluminescence data recorded at 266 nm excitation were well fitted using a mono-exponential curve with a decay time of 25.36 (5) ns. A luminescent solar concentrator was fabricated using colloidal quantum dots in transparent poly(methyl methacrylate) polymer uniformly coated over glass substrate that shows an external optical conversion efficiency of ∼5.4% under one sun illumination. The experimental results presented in this manuscript reveals that luminescent solar concentrator prepared using colloidal CsPbBr3 quantum dots shows absorption in wide spectral range, high absorption coefficient, high photoluminescence quantum yield, high external optical conversion efficiency, and good photostability, thermal stability and long-term stability under ambient conditions and therefore are in many ways superior to the other luminescent materials explored for LSC devices.