bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The diagnostic value of LGALS1 in esophageal cancer and its potential molecular pathways via bioinformatic analysis
Authors: Li Dan , Yang Heng , Lei Yue , Guo Qiang , Ji Yanmei , Guo Jialong 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Esophageal cancer (ESCA) was one of the most common malignant tumors. The purpose of this study was to reveal the role and potential regulatory mechanism of LGALS1 in the progression of ESCA.Methods: Oncomine, Timer and TCGA databases were used to analyze the expression level of LGALS1 and its value in the diagnosis of ESCA. The correlation between LGALS1 expression and the clinicopathological characteristics in ESCA patients was analyzed through the Ualcan database. In the TCGA database, we performed Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) to elucidate the potential mechanism underlying the role of LGALS1 in ESAC pregression. Besides, LGALS1 co-expressed genes were imported into the STRING database to build a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. Hub genes were screened by the CytoHubba plug-in in Cytoscape and was verified in Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) and TCGA databases.Results: LGALS1 was highly expressed in ESCA tissues. Increased LGALS1 expression was related to age, ethnicity, clinical stage, tumor grade, and histological subtype of ESCA patients, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.8511 (P < 0.001). GO and KEGG showed that LGALS1 co-expressed genes, in which 482 genes were included, were mainly involved in endothelial cell differentiation, transforming growth factor receptor signaling pathway, epithelial cell proliferation, ECM receptor interactions, leukocyte migration, transcriptional disorders during cancer, PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and so on. Moreover, GSEA showed that elevated expression of LGALS1 was mainly enriched in ECM receptor interaction, cancer pathway, and TGF beta signaling pathway. The hub genes (COL1A1, FN1, COL1A2, COL3A1, COL5A1, COL5A2, COL4A2, COL18A1, and COL6A1) were highly expressed and had diagnostic significance in ESCA.Conclusion: LGALS1 expression level was elevated in ESCA tissues and might be a potential diagnostic marker for ESCA patients.
An ethnobotanical study on the Chuanqing People of China based on an herbal market survey at the Dragon Boat Festival
Authors: Wang Qinghe , Zhao Ling , Gao Chi , Zhao Jiawen , Ren Zixuan , Shen YuXiang , Yao Ruyu , Yin HongXiang 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: The Chuanqing People (穿青人) are an ethnic group native to Guizhou Province of China, with a unique culture and rich knowledge of traditional medicinal plants. The herbal market at the Dragon Boat Festival plays an important role in the inheritance of traditional medicinal knowledge among the Chuanqing People. This study aims to record the characteristics, current situation, and problems of medicinal plant usage by the Chuanqing People of China. Such information is important for the inheritance and protection of the Chuanqing People’s traditional medical knowledge. Methods: Data were collected through key informant interviews, semi-structured interviews, and taxonomic identification. The results were compared with those of traditional Chinese medicine and other ethnic medicines in Guizhou Province. Data were analyzed with use-value (UV) and cultural importance index (CI) values. Results: A total of 102 species from 53 families and 92 genera were recorded, with Orchidaceae and Asparagaceae (6 species each), Berberidaceae and Compositae (5 species each), and Apocynaceae, Ranunculaceae, Rosaceae, and Polygonaceae (4 species each) as the predominant families. The most frequently used taxon was Hedera nepalensis var. sinensis (Tobler) Rehder (UV and CI=0.29). Moreover, 71 investigated human ailments were grouped into 12 categories. Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue (34 mentions) were the most frequently mentioned in this study. Conclusions: The traditional herbal market during the Dragon Boat Festival is a hotspot of traditional medicinal plant knowledge of the Chuanqing People. However, urbanization threatens the inheritance of local medicinal plant knowledge. This study highlights the traditional medicinal knowledge of the Chuanqing People, providing basic data for further research on and protection of minority medicine.
Rapid Response Team activation after major hip surgery: patient characteristics and outcomes
Authors: Pritchard Angus , Jones Daryl , Bellomo Rinaldo , Hardidge Andrew , Harley Ian , Tan Chong Oon , Nazareth Justin , Guha Ranj , Ellard Louise , Hu Raymond , Churilov Leonid , Weinberg Laurence 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Rapid response teams (RRTs) are a critical care resource that review deteriorating patients within the hospital. We aimed to describe demographic, preoperative, surgical, anesthetic, and postoperative characteristics of patients who required RRT activation after major hip surgery. We also sought to assess whether these characteristics where associated with mortality during the index hospital admission.Methods: We reviewed an RRT database of adult patients undergoing orthopedic surgery at a university teaching hospital. We then retrospectively reviewed the medical records to extract a priori–defined patient, preoperative, surgical, anesthetic, and postoperative data of major hip surgery admissions between September 2014 and December 2017. Patients who survived the index hospital stay were compared to those who died.Results: Overall, 187 patients had postoperative RRT activations. Median (interquartile range) age was 84.0 (78-90) years; 125 (67%) were female, and most patients had at least one significant comorbidity, median Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) 5.0 (4.0-7.0). The majority of patients were frail (68%), American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Class 3 or greater (91%), and underwent nonelective surgery (88%). Median (interquartile range) time from surgery to RRT activation was 29.4 (11.3–75.0) hours, and 25 (13%) patients had unplanned admissions to intensive care or high dependency units. Compared to patients who survived RRT activation, those who died displayed higher mean CCI (6.5 [1.8] vs. 5.5 [2.1], p = 0.02), were more frail (80.1% vs. 56.5%, OR = 3.2, 95% CI: 1.2,8.1; p = 0.03), and received less intraoperative opioids (intravenous morphine equi-analgesia: median = 5.8 (0.1–8.20 vs. 11.7 (3.7–19.0) mg, p = 0.03). They were also more likely to have received an urgent medical review prior to RRT activation (62% vs. 40%, OR = 2.4, 95% CI: 1.1, 5.6); p = 0.05.Conclusions: Death after RRT activation occurred in 1 in 7 patients undergoing major hip surgery. Common patient characteristics included advanced age (> 82 years), frailty, high CCI, and emergency surgery. Further studies investigating perioperative surveillance teams in the identification of the high-risk patients before surgery and deteriorating patients after major hip surgery are warranted.
Pulp volume changes after piezocision-assisted tooth movement: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Hatrom Abdulkarim A. , Howait Mohammad S. , Zawawi Khalid H. , Al-Turki Ghassan A. , Alansari Reem A. , Almehayawi Nouf F. , Alammari Sarah H. , Mohammed Raghda A. , Hassan Ali Habib 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background

Orthodontic treatment has some undesirable side effects, such as root resorption and a decrease in the size of the pulp tissue which are relatively associated with the duration of the orthodontic treatment. Piezocision-assisted tooth movement was introduced as a minimally invasive surgical procedure with an aim to shorten orthodontic treatment time. This prospective randomized clinical trial was aimed to compare the pulp volume changes of maxillary anterior teeth after en-masse retraction with or without piezocision-assisted orthodontics.

Methods

Patients who required orthodontic treatment with bilateral maxillary first premolar extractions and en-masse retraction were recruited. Patients were randomly divided into extraction with piezocision, or only extraction, serving as controls. Pulp volume and root length changes of the maxillary six anterior teeth were measured and compared between the two groups using a 3-Dimensional analytical software. Paired and independent sample t-tests were used to compare within and between groups. Bivariate correlation was done between the mean change in pulp volume and its corresponding root length. The significance level was set at α = 0.05.

Results

A total of 23 patients were included, 12 in the piezocision, and 11 in the control group. At the end of the en-masse retraction phase (mean = 122.74 ±3.06 days) pulp volume was significantly decreased in all six anterior teeth in both groups ( P < 0.01). The decrease in pulp volume was not statistically different between both groups, ( P > 0.05). There was a statistically significant but moderate correlation only between the pulp volume change of the right canine and its root length, r = 0.44, P = 0.034.

Conclusions

The effect of piezocision-assisted orthodontic tooth movement on the pulp volume was comparable to the conventional orthodontic treatment. The degree of change in pulp volume does not appear to be related to the amount of root resorption.

Trial registration: NCT03180151.
Characterization of carbapenem non-susceptible Gram-negative Bacilli isolated from the feces of 10,000 inpatients in Southern China
Authors: Duan Xiaonv , Li Si , Peng Yuan , Qin Yingcheng , Rui YongYu 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Carbapenem non-susceptible Gram-negative bacilli (CNS-GNB) were dominant pathogen causing clinical infections. The human intestine was important reservoir of gram-negative bacilli (GNB), but there were few studies to analysis the prevalence of fecal colonization with them.Methods: Fecal samples were collected from hosiptal screening test for GNB was conducted by using home-made MacConkey agar. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by the automatic microbiology analyzer and drug-resistant genes were characterized by polymerase chain reaction assays and DNA sequencing. The whole genome sequencing were used to analysis the characteristic of genetic structure of the isolates.Results: A total of 680 CNS-GNB were collected. Acinetobacter spp. were the dominant genus (33.8%, 230/680) of the 22 genera. Carbapenemase genes were identified in 307 isolates (45.1%, 307/680), including 206 (30.3%, 206/680) blaNDM; 51 (7.5%, 51/680) blaVIM-2, 48 (7.1%, 48/680) blaIMP, and seven (1.0%, 7/680) blaKPC-2. The blaNDM genes were first detected in three isolates, Providencia vermicola, Achromobacter spp., and Cupriavidus gilardii. Co-existence of blaVIM and blaIMP genes was detected in five isolates; Achromobacter co-producing VIM and IMP has not been previously reported. The mcr-1 gene was identified in five strains of Acinetobacter and one strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae. In addition, we detected seven isolates harboring the blaAFM-1 gene, a novel metallo-β-lactamase gene. This was first genomic analysis of ST11 Klebsiella pneumoniae co-producing NDM-5 and mcr-1, which revealed that blaNDM-5 and mcr-1 are located on two different plasmids. The plasmid harboring blaNDM-5, which was composed of a typical IncX3-type backbone, and the mcr-1 gene, was located between an IS30-like element ISApl1 and a PAP2-like encoding gene in the IncHI2-type plasmid. Conclusions: the overall prevalence of fecal carriage of CNS-GNB in 10,000 stool samples was 7.45% (745/10000), and CNS-GNB producing carbapenemase were up to 45.1% (307/680). Most CNS-GNB cases were associated with infectious disease, multiple hospitalizations, or long-term care, and a high prevalence of underlying disease.
Commercial and public payer opioid analgesic prescribing policies: A case study
Authors: Arfken Cynthia L , Lehr Victoria Tutag 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: One strategy to address the high number of U.S. opioid-related deaths is to restrict high-risk or inappropriate opioid analgesic prescribing and dispensing. Federal and state laws and regulations have implemented restrictions but less is known about commercial and public payers’ policies aside from clinician anecdotal reports that these policies are increasing. To assess the number and types of policies with temporal trends, we examined commercial and public (Medicaid) payer policies in one state, Michigan, that has high opioid-related deaths and implemented opioid analgesic prescribing laws. Methods: Policies for seven large commercial payers and the public payer for 2012-2018 were reviewed and categorized by actions. Joinpoint regression was used to summarize temporal trends on number of policies for all payers and subgroups. Results: Across the seven years, there were 529 action policies (75.57 (95% confidence intervals (CI) 35.93, 115.22) actions per year) with a range of 36 to 103 actions by payer. Limitations on number of days for initial and prior authorizations were the most frequently implemented policy.. The temporal trend showed a decline in new policies from 2012 to 2013 but a steady increase from 2014 to 2018 (average annual percent change or AAPC=29.6% (95% confidence intervals 13.2%, 48.5%)). The public payer (n=47 policies) showed no increase in number of policies over time (AAPC=2.9% (95% CI -41.6%, 61.6%).Conclusions: The eight commercial and public payers implemented many new policies to restrict opioid analgesic prescribing with a steady increase in the number of such policies implemented from 2014 to 2018. This case study documented that at least in one state with high opioid-related deaths and multiple commercial payers, new and different policies were increasingly implemented creating barriers to patient care. The impact of these policies is understudied, complicating recommendation of best practices.
Associations Between I/ D polymorphism in the ACE gene and lung cancer: an updated systematic review and a meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Junjian , Sun Mao , Zhou Min , Lu Renfu 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: This study has evaluated the association between the I/D polymorphism in the ACE gene and lung cancer risk by constructing a meta-analysis.Methods: The heterogeneity in the study was tested by the Cochran c2-based Q statistic test and I2 test, and then the random ratio or fixed effect was utilized to merge the odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI), to estimate the strength of the association between ACE polymorphisms and susceptibility to lung cancer. We have performed Sensitivity analysis. Using funnel plot and Begg's rank test investigated the publication bias. All data Statistical analyses were performed using Stata 12.0 and Revman 5.3.Results: A total of 4307 participants (2181 patients; 2126 controls) were included in twelve case-control studies selected. No significant association was found between the ACE I/D polymorphism and lung cancer risks (II vs ID + DD: OR = 1.22, 95% CI = 0.89–1.68; II + ID vs DD: OR = 1.21, 95% CI = 0.90–1.63; I vs D: OR =1.15, 95% CI = 0.95–1.39). In the subgroup analysis by ethnicity, no significant association between this polymorphism and lung cancer risks was also found among Asia and Caucasian populations for the comparison of II vs ID + DD, II + ID vs DD and I vs D genetic models.Conclusion: Our study indicated that the ACE I/ D polymorphism was not associated with the risk of lung cancer.
Exosomes derived from stem cells from apical papilla promote craniofacial soft tissue regeneration by enhancing Cdc42-mediated vascularization
Authors: Liu Yao , Zhuang Xueying , Yu Si , Yang Ning , Zeng Jianhong , Liu Xuemei , Chen Xu 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Reconstruction of complex critical-size defects (CSD) in the craniofacial region is a major challenge, and soft tissue regeneration is crucial in determining the therapeutic outcomes of craniofacial CSD. Stem cells from apical papilla (SCAP) are neural crest-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that are homologous to cells in craniofacial tissue and represent a promising source for craniofacial tissue regeneration. Exosomes, which contain compound bioactive compounds, are the key factors in stem cell paracrine action. However, the roles of exosomes derived from SCAP (SCAP-Exo) in tissue regeneration are not fully understood. Here, we explored the effects and underlying mechanisms of SCAP-Exo on CSD in maxillofacial soft tissue.

Methods: SCAP-Exo were isolated and identified by transmission electron microscopy and nanoparticle tracking analysis. The effects of SCAP-Exo on wound healing and vascularization were detected by measuring the wound area and performing histological and immunofluorescence analysis on the palatal gingival CSD of mice. Real-time live cell imaging and functional assays were used to assess the effects of SCAP-Exo on the biological functions of endothelial cells (ECs). Furthermore, the molecular mechanisms of SCAP-Exo-mediated EC angiogenesis in vitro were tested by immunofluorescence staining, Western blot and pull-down assays. Finally, in vivo experiments were carried out to verify whether SCAP-Exo could affect vascularization and wound healing through cell division cycle 42 (Cdc42).

Results: We found that SCAP-Exo promoted tissue regeneration of palatal gingival CSD by enhancing vascularization in the early phase in vivo and that SCAP-Exo improved the angiogenic capacity of ECs in vitro . Mechanistically, SCAP-Exo elevated cell migration by improving cytoskeletal reorganization of ECs via Cdc42 signalling. Furthermore, we revealed that SCAP-Exo transferred Cdc42 into the cytoplasm of ECs and that the Cdc42 protein could be reused directly by recipient ECs, which resulted in the activation of Cdc42-dependent filopodium formation and elevation in cell migration of ECs.

Conclusion: This study demonstrated that SCAP-Exo had a superior effect on angiogenesis and effectively promoted craniofacial soft tissue regeneration. These data provide a new option for SCAP-Exo to be used in a cell-free approach to optimize tissue regeneration in the clinic.
Hepatic safety of repeated treatment with pyronaridine-artesunate (PA) versus artemether-lumefantrine (AL) in patients with uncomplicated malaria: A secondary analysis of the WANECAM 1 data from Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.
Authors: Compaoré Yves Daniel , Zongo Issaka , Somé Anyirékun F. , Barry Nouhoun , Nikiema Frederick , Kabore Talato N. , Aminata Ouattara , Kabre Zachari , Wermi Kadidiatou , Zongo Moussa , Yerbanga Rakiswende S. , Sagara Issaka , Djimdé Abdoulaye , Ouédraogo Jean Bosco 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: The use of pyronaridine-artesunate (PA) has been associated with scarce transaminitis in patients. This analysis aimed to evaluate the hepatic safety profile of repeated treatment with PA versus artemether-lumefantrine (AL) in patients with consecutive uncomplicated malaria episodes in Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.Methods: We secondarily analyzed data from a clinical trial conducted from 2012 to 2015, in which participants with uncomplicated malaria were assigned to either PA or AL arms and followed up to 42 days. Subsequent malaria episodes within a 2-years follow up period were also treated with the same ACT initially allocated. Transaminases (AST/ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total and direct bilirubin were measured at days 0 (baseline), 3, 7, 28 and on some unscheduled days if required. The proportions of non-clinical hepatic adverse events (AEs) following first and repeated treatments with PA and AL were compared within study arms. The association of these AEs with retreatment in each arm was also determined using a logistic regression model.Results: A total of 1379 malaria episodes were included in the intention to treat analysis with 60% of all cases occurring in the AL arm. Overall, 179 non-clinical hepatic AEs were recorded in the AL arm versus 145 in the PA arm. Elevated ALT was noted in 3.05% of treated malaria episodes, elevated AST 3.34%, elevated ALP 1.81%, and elevated total and direct bilirubin in 7.90% and 7.40% respectively. Retreated participants were less likely to experience elevated ALT and AST than first episode treated participants in both arms. One case of Hy’s law condition was recorded in a first treated participant of the PA arm. Participants from the retreatment group were 76% and 84% less likely to have elevated ALT and AST respectively in the AL arm and 68% less likely to present elevated ALT in the PA arm. In contrast, they were almost 2 times more likely to experience elevated total bilirubin in both arms.Conclusion: Pyronaridine-artesunate and artemether-lumefantrine showed similar hepatic safety when used repeatedly in participants with uncomplicated malaria. Pyronaridine-artesunate represents therefore a suitable alternative to the current first line antimalarial drugs in use in endemic areas.Trial Registration: Pan African Clinical Trials Registry. PACTR201105000286876
Identification of prognostic signature based on the copy number variation (CNV) and expression in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Niu Changchun , Wu Di , Li Alexander J. , Qin Kevin H. , Hu Daniel A. , Wang Eric J. , Tucker Andrew Blake , He Fang , Huang Linjuan , Wang Hao , Liu Qing , Ni Na , Shi Deyao , Zhao Xia , Wan Yafang , Li Tian , He Tong-Chuan , Liao Pu 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is caused by multiple genetic alterations in the hematopoietic progenitors, and molecular genetic analysis has provided useful information for AML diagnosis and prognosis. However, an integrative understanding of the prognostic value of specific copy number variation (CNV) and CNV-modulated gene expression has been limited. Methods We conducted an integrative analysis of CNV profiling and gene expression using data from the TARGET and TCGA AML cohorts. The CNV data from TCGA were analyzed using the GISTIC and all CNV data by genes on every patient were obtained. CNV survival analysis and mRNA survival analysis were conducted with the Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model using R software with “survminer” and “survival” packages. KEGG cancer panel genes were extracted from the cancer-related pathways from Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). The R package “circlize” was used for mapping the CNV genes to chromosomes. Results From this investigation, we observed distinct CNV patterns in the AML risk groups as well as the expression of 251 genes significantly modulated by CNV in both cohorts. There were 102 CNV genes (located at 7q31-34, 16q24) associated with clinical outcomes in AML, which were identified in the TARGET cohort and validated in the TCGA cohort, three of which being miRNA genes (MIR29A, MIR183, MIR335) that overlapped with a KEGG cancer panel. Five genes were identified whose expression was modulated by CNV and significantly associated with clinical outcomes, and among them, the deletion of SEMA4D and CBFB were found to potentially have protective effects against AML. The result was also validated with patient marrow samples. Moreover, the distribution of CNV in these five CNV-modulated genes was independent of the risk groups, which suggests that they are independent prognosis factors. Conclusion Overall, this study identified 102 CNV genes and five CNV-modulated gene expression that is crucial for developing new modes of prognosis evaluation and target therapy for AML.