bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quelle gestion pour une prise en charge efficiente des déchets d’activités de soins à risques infectieux en Algérie ? Cas d’Azzaba
Authors: Chaoui Salah 
Published: March 2020

Algeria’s economic and social development has generated a significant amount of special waste. Despite the efforts made and the legislative texts promulgated, their management and treatment are difficult. The production of these harmful materials has become a source of problems not only of insalubrity but also of public health. Indeed, the shortcomings in the management of these special residues produced contribute globally to a degradation of the environmental quality and more precisely to a visual pollution, olfactory as well as to potential impacts on the human health. Faced with this situation and in order to minimize the environmental and health risks, a more rigorous and more rational treatment of Infectious Risk Care Activity Waste (IRCAW) is essential for all stakeholders. The purpose of this article is to try to identify the impact of this Special Waste on human health and the environment in Azzaba, a small town in eastern Algeria. This city has experienced and knows a strong demographic and economic development accompanied by a greater sanitary coverage (implantation of hospital, centers of health and care ...). At the end of the study, courses of action for Sustainable Management of IRCAW are discussed.
Le développement économique et social qu’a connu l’Algérie a généré de grandes quantités de déchets, y compris de déchets spéciaux. Malgré les efforts déployés et les textes législatifs promulgués, leur gestion et leur traitement s’avèrent difficiles. La production de ces matières nocives est devenue source de problèmes, non seulement d’insalubrité mais également de santé publique. En effet, les insuffisances dans la gestion de ces résidus spéciaux contribuent globalement à une dégradation de la qualité environnementale et plus précisément à une pollution visuelle, olfactive ainsi qu’à des impacts potentiels sur la santé humaine. Face à cette situation et afin de minimiser les risques environnementaux et sanitaires, une prise en charge plus rigoureuse et plus rationnelle des Déchets d’Activité de Soins à Risques Infectieux (DASRI) s’impose à l’ensemble des acteurs concernés. L’objectif de cet article est de contribuer à identifier l’impact de ces Déchets Spéciaux sur la santé humaine et l’environnement à Azzaba, une petite ville de l’Est algérien. Cette ville a connu et connait un fort développement démographique et économique accompagnés par une plus grande couverture sanitaire (implantation d’hôpital, centres de santé et de soins…). Au terme de l’étude, des pistes d’actions pour une Gestion Durable des DASRI sont discutées.
Scoping Review of School-to-Work Transition for Youth With Intellectual Disabilities: A Practice Gap
Authors: Rosner Taryn , Grasso Anna , Scott-Cole Louise , Villalobos Alison , Mulcahey MJ 
Published: March 2020

AbstractImportance: Youth with intellectual disabilities (ID) have persistently poor work outcomes. Occupational therapy can support school-to-work transition but is underrepresented in transition practice.Objective: To identify and describe interventions within the scope of occupational therapy for youth with ID who are transitioning from school to work.Data Sources: MEDLINE, ERIC, PsycINFO, and CINAHL were searched, and hand searching was performed in relevant peer-reviewed journals.Study Selection and Data Collection: Included were peer-reviewed, English-language articles published from 2004 to 2017 describing studies focused on youth with ID with no significant co-occurring physical diagnoses who were transitioning from U.S.-based school settings to paid employment. Data extraction was managed using Google Drive. Data were organized on extraction sheets by trained reviewers. The quality of each study was assessed using questions adapted from the Critical Appraisal Skills Program checklist.Findings: A total of 35 articles were included, 7 of which used randomized controlled designs. All articles described interventions aligned with the Occupational Therapy Practice Framework: Domain and Process (3rd ed.), but specific mention of occupational therapy was notably absent from the literature. Interventions had little and generally low-level evidence supporting their use.Conclusions and Relevance: Significant and concerning gaps exist in the literature on school-to-work transition for youth with ID, likely impeding evidence-based practice. No included article mentioned occupational therapy or had a contributor who was an occupational therapy practitioner. Practitioners should advocate for occupational therapy’s role in transition and contribute reports of occupational therapy transition services for youth with ID to the literature.What This Article Adds: This study demonstrates that occupational therapy is poorly represented in literature describing transition services for youth with ID. Although the articles described interventions within the occupational therapy domain, these interventions were not provided by occupational therapy practitioners and did not have a strong evidence base.
Importance of isomerization reactions for OH radical regeneration from the photo-oxidation of isoprene investigated in the atmospheric simulation chamber SAPHIR
Authors: Novelli Anna , Vereecken Luc , Bohn Birger , Dorn Hans-Peter , Gkatzelis Georgios I. , Hofzumahaus Andreas , Holland Frank , Reimer David , Rohrer Franz , Rosanka Simon , Taraborrelli Domenico , Tillmann Ralf , Wegener Robert , Yu Zhujun , Kiendler-Scharr Astrid , Wahner Andreas , Fuchs Hendrik 
Published: March 2020

Abstract. Theoretical, laboratory, and chamber studies have shown
fast regeneration of the hydroxyl radical (OH) in the photochemistry of isoprene,
largely due to unimolecular reactions which were previously thought not to
be important under atmospheric conditions. Based on early field
measurements, nearly complete regeneration was hypothesized for a wide range
of tropospheric conditions, including areas such as the rainforest where
slow regeneration of OH radicals is expected due to low concentrations of
nitric oxide (NO). In this work the OH regeneration in isoprene
oxidation is directly quantified for the first time through experiments
covering a wide range of atmospherically relevant NO levels (between 0.15
and 2 ppbv – parts per billion by volume) in the atmospheric simulation
chamber SAPHIR. These conditions cover remote areas partially influenced by
anthropogenic NO emissions, giving a regeneration efficiency of OH close to 1, and areas like the Amazonian rainforest with very low NO, resulting in
a surprisingly high regeneration efficiency of 0.5, i.e. a factor of 2 to 3
higher than explainable in the absence of unimolecular reactions. The
measured radical concentrations were compared to model calculations, and the
best agreement was observed when at least 50 % of the total loss of
isoprene peroxy radicals conformers (weighted by their abundance) occurs via
isomerization reactions for NO lower than 0.2 ppbv. For these levels of NO,
up to 50 % of the OH radicals are regenerated from the products of the 1,6
α-hydroxy-hydrogen shift (1,6-H shift) of Z-δ-RO2 radicals through the photolysis of an unsaturated hydroperoxy aldehyde (HPALD)
and/or through the fast aldehydic hydrogen shift (rate constant
∼10 s−1 at 300 K) in di-hydroperoxy carbonyl peroxy
radicals (di-HPCARP-RO2), depending on their relative yield. The
agreement between all measured and modelled trace gases (hydroxyl,
hydroperoxy, and organic peroxy radicals, carbon monoxide, and the sum of
methyl vinyl ketone, methacrolein, and hydroxyl hydroperoxides) is nearly
independent of the adopted yield of HPALD and di-HPCARP-RO2 as both
degrade relatively fast (<1 h), forming the OH radical and CO among
other products. Taking into consideration this and earlier isoprene studies,
considerable uncertainties remain on the distribution of oxygenated products,
which affect radical levels and organic aerosol downwind of unpolluted
isoprene-dominated regions.
Review of: Using Gramsci: A New Approach
Authors: Mitta Gifawosen Markos 
Published: March 2020

Gramsci’s Prison Notebooks has become a very important inspiration for the twentieth-century Marxist political thinkers around the world. ‘Using Gramsci A New Approach’ is one of the most recent additions to various works done around the Prison Notebooks of this Great Italian political theorist and cultural critics. Michele Filippini, a researcher in the Department of Political and Social Sciences at the University of Bologna has come up with ‘a new approach’ on Prison Notebooks and has touched some major concepts that are previously given little attention by Gramscian scholars. By extending Gramsci’s concepts beyond Marxist perspective, Filippini’s book provides expert guides to key features and themes in Gramsci’s writing in combination with the pressing political, social and cultural struggles of our time. The author does not show a clear connection between those topics discussed in the book, but his work remains a valuable addition to Gramscian thoughts in the twenty-first century.
Key Words: Gramsci, Prison Notebooks, ideology, the individual, Society
La norme grammaticale chez Mabanckou
Authors: Ouadiabantou Patrick Armand 
Published: March 2020

« Pour la grande majorité des écrivains africains actuels, il s’agit d’envisager l’oralité comme le fondement d’une spécificité du roman africain contemporain. Ils exploitent les ressources orales pour en faire le catalyseur d’une nouvelle esthétique du roman, d’où la présence constante des ‘‘voix populaires dans leurs univers fictifs’’ », dit M. Borgomano. Les normes rigides fixes de la grammaire constituent un vrai écueil au bon fonctionnement de la langue. Si le foisonnement des constructions elliptiques confère au récit de fiction une valeur de texte influencé par l’oral, il n’en demeure pas moins que l’emploi du monosyllabique s’oriente sensiblement vers une perspective de récits oralisés.
Passive Safety of Children Carriages on Busses
Authors: Dols Juan , Alcalá Enrique , Martínez Luis 
Published: March 2020

The safe mobility of young children traveling with carriages in public transportation vehicles is a problem that has not yet been satisfactorily resolved. The lack of national and international standards in this area in the past led to the development of a research developed jointly by the Universitat Politécnica Valencia and the Universidad Politécnica Madrid (Spain). This book chapter shows the results of a research program developed to evaluate the dynamic behavior of occupied children carriages (ChC) during typical driving maneuvering—sudden braking, acceleration and cornering—and in case of low-g accidents reproducing frontal impacts resembling real traffic events (deceleration 2 g, ΔV 20 km/h). In the dynamic trials, three ChC-restraint prototypes and a typical wheelchair (WhCh) back-restraint system combined with two representatives of up-to-date ChC models in misuse and correct use configurations were tested. The results demonstrated the need for preventing children injuries as a consequence of low-g accidents.A Code of Good Practice was proposed jointly with the use of a new ChC-restraint system considering R 107–06 series of amendments. The new design improves the latest revision of regulation R107 regarding the use of back-restraint systems for the transport of WhCh and ChC passengers traveling on busses.
Un débat qui perdure : le corps de
l’enfant dans les crèches françaises du XIXe siècle à aujourd’hui.
Authors: Bouve Catherine 
Published: March 2020

Cadre de la recherche : Cet article
s'inscrit dans la recherche historique et sociologique de la genèse des crèches
françaises, au XIXe siècle. À partir d’une recherche postdoctorale sur
l’histoire des crèches, la démarche est de prolonger cette sociohistoire,
jusqu’à aujourd’hui.
Objectifs : L’article vise à analyser
l’évolution des discours sur les pratiques, des représentations et des
politiques de l’accueil de la petite enfance, à travers une institution phare,
d’où découle la diversité des modes d’accueil aujourd’hui : la crèche
collective. Plus précisément, la façon de penser le corps politique, social et
pédagogique des enfants des crèches est au centre de l’analyse.
Méthodologie : Nous avons constitué un
corpus original et une analyse documentaire de sources primaires et secondaires
diversifiées (ouvrages, rapports, articles, etc.).
Résultats : Nous pensons pouvoir
affirmer que la tentation normalisatrice au sein des crèches françaises depuis
leur création, au XIXe siècle, jusqu'à aujourd’hui perdure. À côté du
renouvellement des pratiques, liées aux avancées technologiques et
scientifiques, à l’évolution des contextes social, politique, économique, etc.
des représentations, les politiques visent toujours, à orienter les pratiques
pour une meilleure adaptabilité des enfants et de leurs parents. Le débat sur
les finalités de la crèche est un débat de société qui se renouvelle, mais dont
les tensions fondamentales persistent, entre émancipation et
assujettissement.
Conclusions : Comprendre les
orientations politiques et les pratiques pédagogiques, d’aujourd’hui à l’aune du
passé, nous semble essentiel à la construction généalogique de cette institution
de la petite enfance, qu’est la crèche collective. L’évolution du curriculum des
crèches depuis les années 1970, évoqué rapidement dans la seconde partie, invite
à la poursuite de l’analyse sociohistorique de cette institution créée au milieu
du XIXe siècle.
Contribution : Cet article apporte une
contribution originale à une sociologie et à une histoire de l’enfance et des
institutions de l’enfance en France.
RNA binding proteins involved in regulation of protein synthesis to initiate biogenesis of secondary tumor in hepatocellular carcinoma in mice
Authors: Li Genliang , Ni Anni , Tang Yulian , Li Shubo , Meng Lingzhang 
Published: March 2020

Background
The tumor microenvironment (TM) in close contact with cancer cells is highly related to tumor growth and cancer metastasis. This study is to explore the biogenesis mechanism of a secondary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) based on the function of RNA binding proteins (RBPs)-encoding genes in the physiological microenvironment (PM).

Methods
The healthy and HCC mice were used to isolate the PM, pre-tumor microenvironment (PTM), and TM. The samples were analyzed using the technology of RNA-seq and bioinformatics. The differentially expressed RBPs-encoding genes (DERs) and differentially expressed DERs-associated genes (DEDs) were screened to undergo GO and KEGG analysis.

Results
18 DERs and DEDs were identified in the PTM vs. PM, 87 in the TM vs. PTM, and 87 in the TM vs. PM. Those DERs and DEDs participated in the regulation of gene expression at the levels of chromatin conformation, gene activation and silencing, splicing and degradation of mRNA, biogenesis of piRNA and miRNA, ribosome assemble, and translation of proteins.

Conclusion
The genes encoding RBPs and the relevant genes are involved in the transformation from PM to PTM, then constructing the TM by regulating protein synthesis. This regulation included whole process of biological genetic information transmission from chromatin conformation to gene activation and silencing to mRNA splicing to ribosome assemble to translation of proteins and degradation of mRNA. The abnormality of those functions in the organic microenvironments promoted the metastasis of HCC and initiated the biogenesis of a secondary HCC in a PM when the PM encountered the invasion of cancer cells.
Bacteriological Profile of Chronic Osteomyelitis with Special Reference to Antibiotic Resistance Mechanisms/Patterns – A Cross-sectional Prospective Study from Tertiary Care Hospital in Central India
Authors: Pandey Aparna , Shaw Prachi , Johar Aamir 
Published: March 2020

Objective: Chronic osteomyelitis is the infection and inflammation of the bone. Inappropriate use of antibiotics and multidrug resistance has raised the morbidity and mortality rate in chronic osteomyelitis. This study aims to determine the bacterial profile and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of chronic osteomyelitis with special mention to various resistant mechanisms.
Methods: The study is a prospective design. Hundred (100) clinically diagnosed cases of chronic osteomyelitis of all age group and both sex admitted in a tertiary care hospital at central India, in one year were included. Samples like pus, sinus discharge or exudates were collected aseptically and sent for microbiological investigation. Antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial isolates to the commonly used antibiotics was done by using modified Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method.
Results: The aerobic bacteriological study of chronic osteomyelitis showed Staphylococcus aureus is being continued to be major etiological agent followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Gram-positive isolates were sensitive to linezolid, teicoplanin while gram-negative isolates were sensitive to colistin, ciprofloxacin in the majority. The disease occurs mostly due to traumatic injuries commonly affecting the middle age group. In present study prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococci aureus and β Lactamase producing (ESBL, Amp-C and MBL) gram-negative bacilli is found to be on the higher side.
Conclusion: It has been the major cause of morbidity for a long time. The emerging multidrug-resistant strain is a major concern for the treatment. Identification of causative isolates and using a judicious selection of antibiotics will help the clinician in starting the empirical treatment accordingly would limit the multidrug resistance strains in the hospital as well as the community.
Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Migration through the Anus in a Child: Case Report and Management Algorithm
Authors: Alhassan Baba Alhaji Bin , Agyen-Mensah Kwasi , Rahman G. A. , Makafui C. S. J. D. 
Published: March 2020

Aims: Ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt placement is one of the commonest procedures undertaken by neurosurgeons to manage patients with hydrocephalus. Although shunt migration through bowel and exteriorization per anus is rare, it’s associated with about 15% mortality.
Presentation of Case: We present a six year old boy with shunt migration through the bowel and exteriorization per anus.
Discussion: The risk factors as well as management algorithm of such cases are discussed in this manuscript.
Conclusion: Although this presentation is rare, early recognition and intervention is key. It is important to stratify patients as symptomatic or asymptomatic and manage them accordingly.
Dolutegravir (DTG) Based Fixed Dose Combination (FDC) of Tenofovir/Lamivudine/Dolutegravir (TLD) and Viral Load Suppression in Children in Port Harcourt, Nigeria
Authors: Paul Nsirimobu Ichendu , Ugwu Rosemary Ogochukwu 
Published: March 2020

Background: Currently, dolutegravir (DTG) based fixed dose combinations (FDC) of tenofovir/ lamivudine/dolutegravir (TLD) and Abacavir/lamivudine/dolutegravir (ABC/3TC/DTG) is now recommended by the World Health Organisation (WHO) as the preferred first-and second line antiretroviral drug necessitating transition of eligible children to TLD.
Objective: The objective of this study is to compare the HIV viral suppression rate at baseline and after 6 months of transition to TLD and to determine adverse drug reaction associated with the use of TLD if any.
Methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional study carried out among stable children who were on treatment and follow up for HIV disease at the Paediatric HIV clinic of the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH). All Children who were eligible for transition to TLD, whose care givers/parents gave a verbal consent and who gave consent or accent were recruited for the study. Information obtained included the sociodemographic characteristics, weight and height, ART regimen at initiation of treatment and when it was commenced, the baseline viral load and viral load 6 months after transition and any adverse drug reaction. Obtained data were analysed. Comparison of categorical variables was done using chi square and Fischer’s exact test while A p-value of < 0.05 was set as statistically significant.
Results: A total 106 children aged 9 to 18 years with a mean age of 13.4±2.3 years were recruited for the study. Sixty (56.6%) were males, while 59 (55.5%) were from the lower socioeconomic class. The mean weight was 44.4±11.1 kg while the mean height was 151.3 ± 15.2 cm. At baseline, 48 (45.3%) were virally suppressed (viral load < 1000 copies/ml), however after 6 months, 97 (91.5%) became virally suppressed, the difference in viral suppression rate was statistically significant (X2 =53.77, p= 0.0001). Twenty-five (23.6%) had undetectable viral load (<20 copies/ml) at baseline while 61(57.5%) had undetectable viral load after transition. All those who were virally suppressed at baseline remained so 6 months after transition. Also, 80.6% (29/36) of those with treatment failure became virally suppressed. Only one child developed severe erythematous skin rashes. There was no statistically significant relationship between viral suppression and age, sex and social class (P >0.05).
Conclusion: This study has shown that DTG-based FDC is efficacious in the treatment of eligible children and adolescents with HIV/AIDS with significant viral load suppression in all age groups, gender and social class. Adverse drug reaction with the use of DTG-based ART is low. Transition to TLD is therefore advocated in eligible patients.
P
hycisphaerae
Authors: Fukunaga Yukiyo 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Phy.ci.sphae'rae. N.L. fem. n.
Phycisphaera
type genus of the class; ‐ae ending to denote a class; N.L. fem. pl. n.
Phycisphaerae
the
Phycisphaera
class.

Planctomycetes / Phycisphaerae

The class
Phycisphaerae
is defined by phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences. It is equivalent to WPS‐1 (Elshahed et al., 2007; Nogales et al., 2001) and contains the orders
Phycisphaerales
and
Tepidisphaerales
(Kovaleva et al., 2015). Gram‐negative bacteria that reproduce by binary fission.
D
esulfohalobiaceae
Authors: Galushko Alexander , Kuever Jan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

De.sul.fo.ha.lo.bi.a.ce'ae. N.L. neut. n.
Desulfohalobium
, type genus of the family; suff. ‐
aceae
, ending to denote a family; N.L. fem. pl. n.
Desulfohalobiaceae
, the family of
Desulfohalobium
.

Desulfobacterota / Desulfovibrionia / Desulfovibrionales / Desulfohalobiaceae

Cell morphology varies depending on the genus and species (curved rod, vibrio or oval‐shaped which occur singly or in pairs). Gram‐stain‐negative. Endospores are not observed. Motility might occur. Strict anaerobes with a respiratory and fermentative type of metabolism. Chemoorganoheterotrophs using simple organic compounds like lactate, pyruvate, and sometimes fatty acids. Substrate oxidation can be incomplete or complete via the anaerobic C
1
‐pathway (carbon monoxide dehydrogenase or Wood–Ljungdahl pathway is only found in the genus
Desulfovermiculus
). In the presence of H
2
and CO
2
, chemolithoheterotrophic growth with acetate or chemolithoautotrophic growth without acetate occur. In the same way, formate can be used. Sulfate and thiosulfate (and sometimes sulfite) are used as terminal electron acceptors and are reduced to H
2
S. Mesophilic and neutrophilic. All members require elevated NaCl concentrations for growth (Table 1). The major menaquinone and the cellular fatty acid profiles are only known for some members (Table 1). The family currently accommodates the genera
Desulfohalobium
and
Desulfovermiculus
. Seems to be present only in habitats with elevated salt concentrations like hypersaline lakes or brines.

DNA G + C content (mol%):
51.4–57.3 (genome, LC).

Type genus:
Desulfohalobium
Ollivier et al. 1991
VP
.