bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diosmetin and its glycoside, diosmin, improve atopic dermatitis in DNCB‐induced hairless mice.
Authors: Kim Su-Nam , Park Sang-A , Bong Sim-Kyu , Lee Jinwoo , Park No-June , Yang Min Hye , Kim Yong Kee 
Published: April 2020

Naturally derived diosmetin and its glycoside diosmin are known to be effective in treating inflammatory disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti‐atopic dermatitis effect on diosmetin and diosmin 2,4‐dinitrochlorobenzen (DNCB)‐induced atopic dermatitis (AD) models. Oral administration of diometin or diosmin inhibited the development of DNCB‐induced AD‐like lesions in hairless mice by inhibiting transdermal moisture loss (TEWL) and improving skin hydration. Total serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) and interleukin‐4 (IL‐4) levels were also reduced in AD‐like lesion hairless mice skin samples treated with diosmetin or diosmin. In vitro, however, only diosmetin reduced the level of IL‐4 mRNA in RBL‐2H3 cells. Diosmin considered to be effective in the treatment of AD and skin inflammatory diseases by being converted into diosmetin in the body by pharmacokinetic metabolism. Thus oral administration of diosmetin and diosmin might be useful for the treatment of AD and cutaneous inflammatory diseases.Support or Funding InformationThis research was supported by the Bio & Medical Technology Development Program of the National Research Foundation (NRF)& funded by the Korean government (MSIT) (Nos. NRF‐2019M3A9I3080263, NRF‐2019M3A9I3080265, and NRF‐2019M3A9I3080266).
Mitochondria Are Involved in Ferroptosis Induced by Cardiac Ischemia‐Reperfusion in Rats
Authors: Chapa Xavier , Tyurina Yulia , Ayala-Arroyo Esteban , Rodriguez-Graciani Keishla Marie , Jang Sehwan , Bayir Hulya , Kagan Valerian , Javadov Sabzali 
Published: April 2020

Cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) activates several cell death mechanisms, the priority of which depends on the severity and duration of ischemia. Recently, ferroptosis, an iron dependent mechanism of regulated cell death, was discovered to participate in cardiac IRI; however, mechanisms underlying ferroptotic signaling in the heart remain unknown. Mitochondria as the main source of ROS and ATP play a central role in cell death, especially in high energy consuming organs such as the heart. Here, we investigated the role of mitochondria in IRI‐induced ferroptosis in the rat heart. Isolated and Langendorff‐mode perfused rat hearts underwent 25‐min of global ischemia followed by 60‐min reperfusion in the presence and absence of the anti‐ferroptotic agents, ferrostatin‐1 (Fer‐1, 1 μM) and liproxstatin‐1 (Lip‐1, 0.2 μM). The compounds were present in the perfusion media 10 min prior to ischemia and throughout the entire period of reperfusion. Cardiac hemodynamic parameters including the left ventricular development pressure (LVDP), heart rate, and rates of contractility/relaxation were monitored continuously whereas LDH activity in the cardiac effluent was determined at reperfusion. Respiration rates, ROS production, and swelling were analyzed in mitochondria isolated from the heart at the end of reperfusion. Results showed that hearts treated with Fer‐1 and Lip‐1 had significantly higher post‐ischemic recovery of cardiac function than the control group (LVDP: 85% and 82%, respectively vs. 34%, p<0.05 for both). LDH release was reduced by ~50 % in the hearts treated with Fer‐1 and Lip‐1. A significant increase in the state 3 respiration rate and respiratory control index for mitochondrial ETC complex I was found in Fer‐1‐ or Lip‐1‐treated hearts. Likewise, Fer‐1 and Lip‐1 significantly reduced IRI‐induced basal and Ca2+‐induced mitochondrial ROS production. We observed no difference in Ca2+‐induced mitochondrial swelling between control and treated groups. IR‐induced ferroptotic phospholipid signaling was attenuated in the presence of Fer‐1 or Lip‐1. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that ferroptosis affect cardiac/mitochondrial function during IRI suggesting that mitochondria can be engaged in ferroptotic signaling in the heart.Support or Funding InformationThis study was supported by the NIH NIGMS (Grants SC1GM128210 and R25GM061838‐18).
Psychometric Properties of the Chinese Version of the Pieper-Zulkowski Pressure Ulcer Knowledge Test in Nursing Practice: A Cross-sectional Survey
Authors: Nie Wenbo , Tang Jing , Zulkowski Karen , Wang Lisheng , Zan Tao 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE
To translate the Pieper-Zulkowski Pressure Ulcer Knowledge Test into Chinese and analyze the internal consistency of the adapted questionnaire.

METHODS
The Pieper-Zulkowski Pressure Ulcer Knowledge Test was translated into Chinese, and the internal consistency and content validity of the translated test were assessed. Further, the authors conducted a cross-sectional survey using the test among 476 RNs in six hospitals in four cities of China.

MAIN RESULTS
The Cronbach α was .93 for all items and .83, .82, and .84 for the prevention, staging, and wound description subscales, respectively. The validity of content was acceptable (content validity index = 0.83-1.00). The average correct scores were as follows: total, 69.37%; prevention, 73.38%; staging, 69.61%; and wound description, 64.87%. Nurses with more advanced professional titles or wound care certifications scored significantly higher than other test takers. Participants who had conducted internet research about pressure injuries or read the pressure injury guidelines also had significantly higher scores than those who had not.

CONCLUSIONS
The translated instrument can effectively measure Chinese nurses’ knowledge about pressure injuries.
Who Wants To Be a Nurse? Understanding Emirati Female Students’ Knowledge and Attitudes About Nursing as a Career
Authors: Maymoun Nazneen , Sohail M. Sadiq 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

AIM
The aim of this study was to increase understanding of female high school students’ intentions to pursue a nursing career. The objective is to explore theories on attitudinal research and propose a research model that examines the relationship between attitude, knowledge, and impact on intention to pursue a nursing career.

BACKGROUND
There is a paucity of research on understanding the reasons for the shortage of local nurses in the United Arab Emirates.

METHOD
Data were collected from 157 female high school students. The research model was empirically tested using standard procedures.

RESULTS
Findings support some of the proposed direct and interactional effects. Attitude is a predictor of intention of high school students to pursue a nursing profession. The interaction effect of attitude and knowledge significantly predicts intention.

CONCLUSION
The study calls for further investigation on the effects of attitude and knowledge on students’ intention to pursue a nursing career and bring about changes in thinking.
Direction and Severity of Root Compression Affects the Clinical Outcome After Decompression?
Authors: Ko Sangbong , Lee Hohyoung , Chae Seungbum , Choi Wonkee , Lee Sungho 
Published: April 2020

Study Design:
This was a retrospective cohort study.

Objective:
To evaluate the correlation between preoperative radiologic degree and the postoperative prognosis in lumbar foraminal stenosis (LFS) patients who required decompression.

Summary of Background Data:
There have been only a few studies for postoperative prognosis according to the degree of preoperative stenosis in patients requiring surgery.

Materials and Methods:
The shape and severity of LFS was classified according to Lee et al’s classification. Radiating leg pain was assessed preoperatively and at the last follow-up. Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ), SF-36 Physical Component Score (PCS), and SF-36 Mental Component Score (MCS) were surveyed at the last follow-up. Mean follow-up was 6.3 years.

Results:
Among 130 patients, 34 cases were classified as Grade 1T (transverse), 31 cases as Grade 1V (vertical), 32 cases as Grade 2, and 33 cases as Grade 3. The mean age was 65.0 years. Radiating leg pain (Visual Analogue Scale) preoperatively and lastly was 6.8 and 2.3, respectively in Grade 1T; 7.4 and 3.3, respectively in Grade 1V; 7.7 and 3.0, respectively in Grade 2; and 7.4 and 2.9, respectively in Grade 3. ODI and RMDQ at the last follow-up were 13.9 and 6.3, respectively in Grade 1T; 23.1 and 11.2, respectively in Grade 1V; 18.8 and 12.3, respectively in Grade 2; 21.6 and 11.7, respectively in Grade 3. Grade 1T had significantly lower value than Grade 1V, 2 and 3 in ODI and RMDQ, respectively. SF-36 PCS and MCS at the last follow-up were 62.2 and 70.5, respectively in Grade 1T; 33.7 and 40.3, respectively in Grade 1V; 42.1 and 48.2, respectively in Grade 2; 37.0 and 48.5, respectively in Grade 3. Grade 1T had significantly higher value than grade 1V, 2 and 3 in SF-36 PCS and MCS, respectively.

Conclusions:
Decompression for LFS was effective for reducing leg radiating pain. Functional outcome and quality of life was better in mild transverse type implying the role of dorsal root ganglion and dynamic stenosis.
Unmet needs in the acute treatment of migraine attacks and the emerging role of calcitonin gene–related peptide receptor antagonists: An integrative review
Authors: Mallick-Searle Theresa , Moriarty Maureen 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT

Background:
Migraine is a prevalent and chronic disease associated with high rates of disability and significant financial and socioeconomic burden. Current acute treatments for migraine attacks include both migraine-specific (e.g., triptans, ergotamines) and nonspecific (e.g., nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) medications; however, significant unmet treatment needs remain.

Objectives:
The authors sought to characterize the nature and drivers of unmet treatment needs in the acute treatment of migraine attacks and describe emerging migraine-specific treatments, that is, calcitonin gene–related peptide (CGRP) receptor antagonists.

Data sources:
PubMed searches were conducted using search terms for studies of unmet migraine treatment needs and CGRP receptor antagonists. Additionally, studies presented at recent headache-focused congresses were included.

Conclusions:
Forty percent of people with migraine report at least 1 unmet treatment need. Many people are unable to use migraine-specific or nonspecific agents because of contraindications, precautions, and tolerability issues. Disease burden (disability, headache severity/frequency) remains high even in those receiving migraine-specific medications. The oral CGRP receptor antagonists, ubrogepant and rimegepant, demonstrated efficacy in reducing migraine pain, migraine-associated symptoms, and disability, with a low adverse event profile, similar to placebo.

Implications for practice:
The availability and use of CGRP receptor antagonists may help reduce the extent of unmet needs in the treatment of migraine attacks, resulting in more patients receiving treatment and better outcomes for people with migraine. Nurse practitioners are well positioned to increase rates of migraine diagnosis/treatment (another key unmet need), using consensus guidelines to guide their approach.
Effect of acupoint application on T lymphocyte subsets in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Wu Jian-Jun , Zhang Ying-Xue , Xu Hong-Ri , Li Yi-Xuan , Jiang Liang-Duo , Wang Cheng-Xiang , Han Mei 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background:
The development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is related to the T lymphocyte mediated inflammatory immune response and immune imbalance. The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of acupoint application on T lymphocyte subsets in patients with COPD.

Methods:
We searched CNKI, Wan fang, Chongqing VIP, China Biology Medicine disc, PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and EMBASE for studies published as of Oct. 31, 2019. All randomized controlled trials of acupoint application on COPD patients that met the inclusion criteria were included. The Cochrane bias risk assessment tool was used for literature evaluation. RevMan5.3 software was used for meta-analysis.

Results:
Eight studies (combined n = 524) qualified based on the inclusion criteria. Compared with routine treatment alone, acupoint application combined with routine treatment can significantly increase the T lymphocyte CD4+/CD8+ ratio (MD 0.12, 95% CI 0.03-0.21, P < .01, I
2 = 49%), reduce CD8+ T-cells (MD-0.99, 95% CI-1.70-0.28, P < .001, I
2 = 37%), reduce the times of acute exacerbations (MD-0.28, 95% CI-0.35-0.21, P < .001, I
2 = 0), and improve the clinical efficacy (MD 1.30, 95% CI 1.14-1.48, P < .001, I
2 = 39%).

Conclusion:
Acupoint application can improve the CD4+/CD8+ ratio and CD8+ T-cells in patients with COPD and has an auxiliary effect in reducing the times of acute exacerbations and improving clinical efficacy.
Relationship between psychological factors and atrial fibrillation
Authors: Fu Yonghui , He Wenfeng , Ma Jianyong , Wei Bo 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background:
Although several studies have investigated the role of psychological factors in atrial fibrillation (AF), the results are still under debate. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to examine the relationship between psychological factors and the risk of incident AF.

Methods:
We systematically searched the PubMed and EMBASE databases from inception to December 2019 to identify eligible studies. The hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled by using a random-effects model.

Results:
A total of 11 cohort studies were included in this meta-analysis. There were 5, 2, 4, and 5 studies examining the association of anxiety, anger, depression, and psychological stress with AF, respectively. In the pooled analysis by a random-effects model, anxiety (HR = 1.10, 95%CI 0.97–1.24; P = .14), anger (HR = 1.08, 95%CI 0.95–1.23; P = .21), depression (HR = 1.15, 95%CI 0.98–1.35; P = .08), and work stress (HR = 1.14, 95%CI 0.98–1.34; P = .09) were not associated with the risk of AF. These results were not changed when we re-performed the analysis using a fixed-effects model.

Conclusions:
Based on current evidence, no associations were observed for anger, anxiety, and work stress with the risk of AF.
Coats’ disease: characteristics, management, outcome, and scleral external drainage with anterior chamber maintainer for stage 3b disease
Authors: Yousef Yacoub A. , ElRimawi Ahmad H. , Nazzal Rashed M. , Qaroot Ahmad F. , AlAref Adnan H. , Mohammad Mona , Abureesh Omar , Rejdak Robert , Nowomiejska Katarzyna , Avitabile Teresio , Toro Mario Damiano , AlNawaiseh Ibrahim 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
To report on the characteristics and outcome of management of Coats’ disease, and to describe a novel surgical technique for management of stage 3B with total retinal detachment (RD) by scleral external drainage with anterior chamber (AC-maintainer) placement before the drainage without pars plana vitrectomy.
A retrospective study of 26 eyes from 25 Coats’ patients. Outcome measures included: demographics, presentation, laterality, stage, treatment, and outcome.
The median age at diagnosis was 3.5 years. Twenty patients (80%) were males, and all except 1 girl had unilateral disease. The presenting complaint was impaired vision in 13 (50%) eyes, leukocoria in 6 (23%) eyes, and strabismus in 7 (27%) eyes. Based on the Shields classification; 3(12%) eyes were stage 1, 9 (35%) eyes were stage 2, 10 (38%) eyes were stage 3, 2 (8%) eyes were stag e4, and 2 (8%) eyes were stage 5. Primary management included cryotherapy (54%), laser photocoagulation (27%), intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (23%), intravitreal steroids (23%), and surgical drainage (12%). The 3 eyes in stage 3B (with total exudative RD) underwent subretinal fluid drainage with AC maintainer, and all had the retina reattached completely for 6 months follow up after the surgery. At mean follow up 21 months, 4 (15%) eyes were enucleated, 19 (73%) eyes had improvement or stabilization in visual acuity.
Coats’ disease usually presents at advanced stage with poor visual prognosis, individualized management with close follow up are mandatory to save the eye. Subretinal fluid drainage with AC maintainer is a safe and useful technique for repairing total RD in eyes with stage 3B Coats’ disease.
Favorable retention rates and safety of conventional anti-rheumatic drugs in older patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Alpay-Kanitez Nilüfer , Pehlivan Özlem , Omma Ahmet , Can-Sandikçi Sevinç , Girgin Sinem , İçaçan Ozan Cemal , Çelik Selda , Bes Cemal 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Physicians are challenged by the recognition and treatment of older patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The aim of this case-control study was to evaluate the retention and safety of conventional disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs in older patients with RA.
In this observational case-control study, we assessed older patients with RA (≥65 years) who were diagnosed in 3 different rheumatology centers from Turkey. Patients were divided as to those aged ≥65 years (elderly rheumatoid arthritis [ERA]) and those aged <65 years (young rheumatoid arthritis [YRA]) at the time of conventional DMARD treatment initiation. The Mann-Whitney U test was used for the comparison of 2 non-normally distributed groups. The Chi-square (χ2) test was used for categorical variables. Survival analysis were performed using the Kaplan-Meier method.
Four hundred eighteen patients with RA (296 females [71%]) were included from January 2010 to January 2018. The age of treatment onset of 190 (47%) patients was in the elderly period and they were included in the ERA group. In the analysis of drug retention rates, there was no significant difference between the ERA and YRA groups for each conventional DMARD (methotrexate 71.2% in ERA, 62.7% in YRA, P = .817; hydroxychloroquine 82.9% in ERA, 78.8% in YRA, P = .899; leflunomide 81.4% in ERA, 84.4% in YRA, P = .205; sulfasalazine 37.5% in ERA, 40.9% in YRA, P = .380). The adverse event data were also similar in both groups.
The drug retention and adverse effect rates in older patients with RA using conventional DMARDS are similar to the rates in young patients with RA.
The effectiveness of intra-articular vs subacromial corticosteroid injection for frozen shoulder
Authors: Wang Yanbiao , Gong Jing 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background:
Intra-articular (IA) corticosteroid injection is a commonly used therapy for frozen shoulder (FS), but controversy still exists regarding the injection site with the best outcome. This randomized controlled trial is designed to determine whether corticosteroid injection into the subacromial space was not inferior to IA injection in patients with FS.

Methods:
This study will be a single-center, randomized, and double-blinded trial. Sixty patients who meet inclusion criteria will be randomized in a ratio of 1:1 to either subacromial injection or IA injection group. The outcome evaluations will be conducted at 4 time points (baseline, 4, 8, and 12 weeks after the injection) by an independent physical therapist. The primary outcome measure is visual analog scale for pain, whereas the secondary outcomes include Constant score, and shoulder passive range of motion including abduction, forward elevation, external rotation at the side, and internal rotation at the side.

Discussion:
This study has limited inclusion and exclusion criteria and a well-controlled intervention. This clinical trial is expected to provide evidence of proper site of corticosteroid injection for the treatment of FS.

Trial registration:
This study protocol was registered in Research Registry (researchregistry5368).
Traditional Chinese medicine (Liang-Xue-Di-Huang Decoction) for hemorrhoid hemorrhage
Authors: Shi Shuo-Yang , Zhou Qing , He Zong-Qi , Shen Zhao-Feng , Zhang Wei-Xin , Zhang Dan , Xu Cheng-Biao , Geng Ji , Wu Ben-Sheng , Chen Yu-Gen 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background:
Hemorrhoidal disease (HD) is one of the commonest proctologic condition in the general population. Medical therapy for HD has not been formally confirmed due to the inconsistent of results. Liang-Xue-Di-Huang Decoction, a kind of ancient Chinese classical prescription, has been used to treat HD from the 19th century in China. However, clinical research of Liang-Xue-Di-Huang Decoction in the treatment of HD was lack. We designed this study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Liang-Xue-Di-Huang Decoction in the treatment of HD.

Methods/Design:
A randomized, controlled, double blind, double-mimetic agent, and multicenter trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Liang-Xue-Di-Huang Decoction is proposed. HD patients (stage I, II, III) will be randomly assigned into experimental group or control group. HD patients will receive a 7-day treatments and a 7-day follow-up. The primary outcome measure is the Hemorrhoid Bleeding Score in 7 and 14 days. The Secondary outcome measures are Goligher prolapse score and quality-of-life score in 7 and 14 days.

Discussion:
This study will provide objective evidences to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Liang-Xue-Di-Huang Decoction in treatment of HD.
Clinical study on post evaluation after listing of Qizhi Weitong granules
Authors: Xu Lin , Zhang Jiaqi , Li Juanjuan , Lv Lin , Zhang Zedan , Wang Fengyun , Tang Xudong 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background:
Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a highly prevalent functional gastrointestinal disorder which brings a significant impact on patients’ quality of life. Although there are many available treatments to alleviate dyspepsia symptoms, most of them are far from satisfactory. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has shown good potential in the treatment of FD, especially in terms of improving symptoms and adverse effects of Western medicine. Qizhi Weitong granule (QZWTG), a TCM preparation, has been utilized in treating FD for a long time and has achieved good clinical results. However, the existing evidence of its efficacy and mechanism of action is insufficient. Hence, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of QZWTG in the treatment of FD.

Methods:
This study is a multicenter, randomized, double-blinded, double-placebo, positive drug parallel controlled clinical study. The experiment will be carried out in 8 hospitals at the same time, and a total of 384 cases of participants will be randomly assigned to the experimental group and the control group (n = 192). The experimental group will be given QZWTG and Mosapride citrate tablet placebo, and the control group will be given QZWTG placebo and Mosapride citrate tablet. After 4 weeks of intervention and 2 weeks of follow-up, the efficacy and safety of QZWTG in patients with FD will be observed. The primary outcomes are the change in the main symptom score. The secondary outcomes include TCM syndrome evaluation, the change of the Hamilton anxiety scale and the Hamilton depression scale, and advanced events. This study will explore the biological mechanism of QZWTG in the treatment of FD through the results of blood and urine metabolomics.

Discussion:
This trial will provide first-hand evidence on whether QZWTG is noninferior to Mosapride citrate tablet. There will be a new option for the treatment of FD if noninferiority is set up. In addition, the efficacy and safety of QZWTG in the treatment of FD will be evaluated, and the mechanism of QZWTG in the treatment of FD will be explored through the metabolomics of blood and urine. On the other hand, as far as we know, this study may be the largest trial of efficacy and safety of QZWTG in the treatment of FD, which has important application value.