bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of changes in choroidal thickness after implantable collamer lens surgery in high myopia patients with Graves’ Ophthalmopathy (inactive phase)
Authors: He Fanglin , Liu Yan , Jia Renbing , zhang Jing 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the Visian Implantable Collamer Lens (ICL) implantation in high myopic patients with inactive Graves’ ophthalmopathy (GO) by observing the changes of choroidal thickness (CT).
Methods
Eight patients (16 eyes) with high myopia accompanied with inactive GO were selected as the experimental group (group A) and 18 high myopic patients (36 eyes) without GO were selected as a control group (group B). The outcomes of uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), safety index, efficacy index, intraocular pressure (IOP), vault, corneal endothelial count, and choroidal thickness (CT) were observed. The values of CT were measured using swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) scans.
Results
The UCVA and BCVA in all operated eyes were better than that before surgery. The postoperative safety index and efficacy index were 1.23 and 1.19 in the group A, respectively, and 1.26 and 1.21 in the group B, respectively. In both groups, foveal CT increased significantly in high myopic patients at 2 hours and at 3 months after surgery, compared to preoperative values. The same tendencies were observed in the inner nasal and outer nasal regions. Compared with patients without GO, the increase of CT was more obvious in GO patients, 2 hours postoperatively (P = 0.006) and 3 months postoperatively (P = 0.011).
Conclusions
The ICL implantation is safe and effective in high myopic patients with inactive GO. Subfoveal and nasal CT may be useful parameters for monitoring the activity of GO patients.
The potential anti- African Swine Fever Virus effects of medium chain fatty acids on in vitro pig feed and water models
Authors: Tran Ha Thi Thanh , Truong Anh Duc , Ly Duc Viet , Hoang Tuan Van , Nguyen Chinh Thi , Chu Nhu Thi , Nguyen Huyen Thi , Dang Anh Thi Kieu , Vos Maartje De , Lannoo Kobe , Bruggeman Geert , Dang Hoang Vu 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background

African swine fever (ASF) is an important disease affecting swine and has a significant economic loss on both the developed and developing world but due to the lack of vaccines, drug, and effective control measures, ASF virus remains a serious threat to global pork production. The activities of medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs) against viral pathogens have been reported previously. However, the effects of this family on ASFV have been not yet investigated. In this study, we evaluated the potential effects of MCFAs in individual and synergistic forms, to prevent and/or reduce ASFV infection using in vitro feed and water models.
Results

The potential effects of MCFAs, including C8, C6-C8-C10 (1:1:1 ratio) and C8-C10-C12 (1:1:1 ratio) against a field ASFV strain isolated in Red River Delta region of Vietnam were further examined by real-time PCR in in vitro feed and water models. All tested products have shown a strong antiviral effect against ASFV infectivity at doses of 0.375% and 0.5% in both feed and water assays. Interestingly, the synergistic MCFAs have shown clearly their potential activities against ASFV in which at lower dose of 0.25%, pre-treatment with product 2 and 3 induced significant increases at the level of Cq value when compared to positive control and/or product 1 (P < 0.05).
Conclusions

To our knowledge, it is the first report on in vitro examination of the anti-ASFV activities of the MCFAs. Our findings suggested that all tested products, both individual and synergistic forms of MCFAs, have possessed a strong anti-ASFV effect and this effect is dose- dependence in in vitro feed and water models. Additionally, synergistic effects of MCFAs are more effective against ASFV when compared to individual form. The further studies focusing on in vivo anti-ASFV effects of MCFAs are very important to bring new insight into the mode of ASFV-reduced action by these compounds in swine feed and water consumption.
Harnessing the Strategy of Metagenomics for Exploring the Intestinal Microecology of Sable (Martes Zibellina), the National First-Level Protected Animal
Authors: Yan Jiakuo , Wu Xiaoyang , Chen Jun , Chen Yao , Zhang Honghai 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Sable (Martes zibellina), belongs to Carnivora, Mustelidae and Maretes, was mainly distributed among the cold northern zone of Eurasia. The purpose of this study is to explore the intestinal flora of the sable by the method of the metagenomic library-based technique, libraries were sequenced on an Illumina HiSeq 4000 instrument. Effective Data volume of each sample is above 6000M, the ratio of the Effective Data (the Clean Data) to original Data (Raw Data) is over 98%. According to the analysis of statistical data, the Total length of ORF is about 603,031, which is 347.36 Mbp. We contrast the unique function of genes with KEGG database, we acquire 7140 genes (KO), a total of all the samples KO is 129788. We selected higher abundance genes to draw cluster heat maps, and according to the results of the KEGG metabolic pathway annotations, we acquire the gene function，including metabolism, environmental information processing, genetic information processing, cellular process and organismal systems. We contrast the unique function of genes with CAZy database, the functional carbohydrate hydrolases have corresponding genes in the intestinal microorganisms of the sable. This is closely related to the fact that the sable is adapted to cold environments and requires a large amount of energy to maintain its metabolic activity. We contrast the unique function of genes with eggNOG database，the main functions of genes included gene duplication, recombination and repair, transport and metabolism of amino acids, transport and metabolism of carbohydrates, etc.
Genes, mechanisms and novel EST-SSR markers associated with metribuzin tolerance in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.): targets for improving photosynthetic capacity and yield
Authors: Bhoite Roopali , Si Ping , Siddique Kadambot H. M. , Yan Guijun 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background

Weed infestation is one of the major yield-reducing factors in wheat in dry-land farming. Metribuzin is a broad-spectrum herbicide which allow effective weed management in wheat but the narrow safety margin results in crop damage decreasing grain yield. Improving our understanding of the genetic and genomic basis for metribuzin tolerance opens the potential to enhance herbicide tolerance and better productivity in wheat. The present investigation examines the genes involved in regulation of metribuzin tolerance including genetic/signalling pathways, transcription factors, phytohormones, and gene based EST-SSR markers related to photosynthesis and metabolic detoxification.
Results

Transcriptome sequencing of most diverse genotypes using high throughput NovaSeq 6000 RNA-Seq platform identified a total of 77,443 genes, of which 59,915 were known genes and 17,528 were novel genes. The integrative analyses of the expression profiles of genes and pathways at 0 h, 24 h and 60 h herbicide exposure indicated that modulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis and endogenous increase of light-harvesting chlorophyll (Lhc) a/b-binding proteins, PSII stability factor HCF136, metabolic detoxification enzymes (peroxidase, cytochrome P450, glycosyltransferase, glutathione transferase, oxidoreductase), and glucose metabolism conferred metribuzin tolerance in wheat. The validation of DEGs related to photosynthesis (Lhc a/b-binding proteins and PSII stability factor HCF136) and metabolic enzymes (cytochrome P450, peroxidase) using RT-qPCR confirmed their responsiveness to metribuzin. Over-expression of transcription factors MYB, AP2-EREBP, ABI3VP1, bHLH, and NAC played a significant roles in regulating photosynthetic and ROS scavenging activities during metribuzin stress. Transcripts with significant enrichments (q-value < 0.05), related to photosynthesis and metabolic detoxification revealed 114 EST-SSRs which may be used as bio-markers.
Conclusions

The integrative analyses of the data suggests that high amount of sugars, modulation of ROS homeostasis and enhanced photosynthetic activity play a significant role in regulating metribuzin tolerance in wheat. Our data identified master regulators controlling metribuzin tolerance that provide promising avenues for wheat industry.
Prognostic implications of stromal tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and programmed death ligand 1 expression in HER2-positive invasive breast cancer
Authors: Wang Xinran , Zhang Ningning , LI Shi , Yin Danjing , Liu Yueping 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are known to be an important prognostic factor of specific breast cancer subtypes. However, to date, PD-L1（SP142）expression and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) has been only minimally reported in HER2-positive breast cancer cases. Methods: In this study, CD8,CD4 and PD-L1（SP142） were performed on tissue microarrays (TMA) representing 156 pretreatment cases of HER2-positive invasive breast carcinoma. Clinical data were collected, all cases were with complete follow-up data (23 recurrence and 2 deaths). The concordance rate in the tumor immune microenvironment(TIME) classification based on the PD-L1（SP142）expression status and CD8/CD4+TILs count was analyzed. Results: PD-L1 expression was identified in 49 cases (31.4%) in immune cells. We found there was no association was found between PD-L1 expression and DFS, but TIME classification was associated with DFS. Conclusion TIME-CD4 and TIME-CD8 lymphocyte infiltration was related to DFS in HER2-positive breast cancer.
GLP-1R activation is a key pathway to alleviate the metabolic disorder in L02 cells
Authors: Tian Qiao ji , Liu Yifeng , Liu Jia , Yuan Peng , Li Haizhi , Han Xiaofeng , Pan Cong , Duan Shenglin , Xia Kai 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background

Glucagon like peptide 1 (GLP-1) has been shown to regulate glucose and lipid metabolism in the liver by promoting insulin secretion. However, the direct regulation of GLP-1 on liver glucose and lipid metabolism was still controversial, due to the presence of GLP-1 receptors (GLP-1R) in human liver has not been determined. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of GLP-1R in L02 cells (normal human hepatocytes), and to explore the direct effect of GLP-1, on hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism.
Methods

The insulin resistance (IR) cell model with metabolic disorder was constructed using FFAs (including oleic acid and fructose) to simulate the metabolic syndrome caused by high-fat and high-fructose in modern diet.
Results

The results showed that GLP-1R is expressed in L02 cells, and reduced in L02 with IR. The RNA interference experiment of GLP-1R suggested that GLP-1R activation decreased glycogenesis and increased intracellular glycogen content via AKT pathway independent of PI3K, and increased fatty acid oxidation and decreased lipid accumulation via AMPK pathway.
Conclusions

These results indicate that GLP-1 could directly regulate hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism by activating GLP-1R, which could be potential therapeutic targets. GLP-1R activation leads to reduction of gluconeogenesis and lipogenesis via PI3K-independent AKT pathway and AMPK pathway.
Efficacy of Duloxetine Compared with Opioid for Postoperative Pain Control Following Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Kim Man Soo , Koh In Jun , Choi Keun Young , Yang Sung Cheol , In Yong 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
BackgroundOpioid is known to be effective in pain control after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). However, recently it has become a major concern due to addiction. Duloxetine, the serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, is effective for pain control in osteoarthritis patients. However, no study has compared the efficacy of the two for pain control after TKA. The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of duloxetine as an alternative to opioid treatment for postoperative pain management following TKA.MethodsAmong 857 patients, 260 (30.3%) of patients received opioid or duloxetine for pain control for 6 weeks when the pain Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score was greater than 4 out of 10 at the time of discharge. 121 patients in the Opioid group and 118 in the Duloxetine group were followed up for more than one year. Preoperative and postoperative patient reported outcome measures (pain VAS score, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities OA Index (WOMAC) score, and the rate over the minimum clinically significant difference (MCID) using WOMAC score) were compared. The rate of further drug prescription (opioid or duloxetine) after 6 weeks of first prescription, 30-day readmission rate, and side effects were also investigated.ResultsThere was no significant difference in pain VAS score, WOMAC Pain and Function score, or the rate over MCID at each time point between before and after surgery (all p > 0.05). Fifteen (11.0%) patients in the opioid group and six (4.8%) patients in the duloxetine group were prescribed additional medication after first 6 weeks, showing no significant (p > 0.05) difference in proportion. The 30-day readmission rate and the incidence of side effects were also similar (all p > 0.05).ConclusionDuloxetine has a similar effect to opioid on postoperative pain control. Thus, duloxetine can be considered as an alternative to opioid for postoperative pain control following TKA.Level of evidence:Therapeutic study Level Ⅳ.
HDL-proteome enrichment with apolipoprotein A-IV compensates for HDL loss of function in diabetes mellitus kidney disease
Authors: Santana Monique FM , Lira Aécio LA , Pinto Raphael , Minanni Carlos A , Silva Amanda RM , Sawada Maria IBAC , Nakandakare Edna R , Correa-Giannella Maria LC , Ronsein Graziella E , Queiroz Marcia S , Passarelli Marisa 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background and aims: Diabetes mellitus kidney disease (DKD) is associated with lipid derangements worsening kidney function and enhancing cardiovascular (CV) risk. The management of dyslipidemia, hypertension and other traditional risk factors does not completely prevent CV complications bringing up the participation of untraditional risk factors such as advanced glycation end products (AGEs), carbamoylation and changes in HDL proteome and functionality. We analyzed HDL composition, proteome, chemical modification and functionality in non-dialytic DKD subjects categorized according to glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and urinary albumin excretion rate (AER). Methods: DKD individuals were divided in GFR > 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 plus AER stages A1 and A2 (n = 10) and GFR < 60 plus A3 (n = 25) and matched by age with control subjects (GFR > 60; n = 8). Results: Targeted proteomic analyses quantified 29 proteins associated with HDL in all groups, although only 2 were more expressed in GFR < 60 + A3 group in comparison to controls: apolipoprotein D (apo D) and apo A-IV. HDL from GFR < 60 + A3 presented higher levels of total AGEs, pentosidine and carbamoylation (1.2, 1.1 and 4.2 times, respectively) and a reduced ability in removing 14C-cholesterol from macrophages (33%) in comparison to controls. The antioxidant role of HDL (lag time for LDL oxidation) was similar among groups but HDL from GFR < 60 + A3 presented a higher ability in inhibiting the secretion of IL6 and TNF alpha (95%) in LPS-elicited macrophages in comparison to control group. Conclusion: The increment in apo A-IV that presents many antiatherogenic actions seems to counteract the HDL chemical modification by AGE and carbamoylation and its increment in apo D that occurred in well-established DKD.
Association of Myocardial Fibrosis Detected by Late Gadolinium-Enhanced MRI with Clinical Outcomes of Patients with Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Yang Zhi , Xu Rong , Wang Jia-rong , Xu Hua-yan , Fu Hang , Xie Ling-jun , Yang Meng-xi , Zhang Lu , Wen Ling-yi , Liu Hui , Li Hong , Yang Zhi-gang , Guo Ying-kun 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background Prior studies demonstrated that myocardial fibrosis assessed by late gadolinium-enhanced (LGE) MRI is associated with an increased risk for major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) or major adverse cardiac events (MACE) in patients with diabetes. However, the results of these studies were controversial and limited. Therefore, we performed this meta-analysis assessing the associations of myocardial fibrosis detected by LGE with the risk of MACCE and MACE in patients with diabetes. Methods We selected studies using MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane by Ovid on December 2019. Prospective and retrospective studies that assessed the associations of myocardial fibrosis detected by LGE with the risk of MACCE or MACE in patients with diabetes with a disease duration of at least 12 months. Two independent reviewers performed the data extraction using a standardized form. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were evaluated by a random-effects model. Results Eight studies with 1121 patients were included in this meta-analysis, and follow-up of patients ranged from 17 to 70 months. The prevalence of LGE in the total sample was high, occurring in 38.09%. The annualized event rates (AERs) for MACCE was 11.94% in patients with diabetes and LGE. The presence of myocardial fibrosis detected by LGE was associated with an increased risk for MACCE (HR: 2.58; 95%CI 1.42-4.71; P=0.002) and MACE (HR: 5.28; 95%CI 3.20-8.70; P=0.000) in patients with diabetes. In a subgroup meta-analysis, ischemic fibrosis detected by LGE was associated with MACCE/MACE (HR 3.75, 95%CI 2.11-6.69; P=0.000) in patients with diabetes. In diabetic patients with preserved ejection fraction, the association between myocardial fibrosis detected by LGE and MACCE/MACE remained significant (HR: 4.02; 95%CI 2.22-7.25; P=0.000). All of the meta-analyses showed no significant heterogeneity from random effects. Conclusion This study demonstrated that myocardial fibrosis detected by LGE conferred an increase in the risk of MACCE/MACE in patients with diabetes and may be an imaging biomarker for risk stratification.
Occurrence of Total Aflatoxin and Zearalenone in Dairy Cattle Concentrate Feeds in Malawi
Authors: Njombwa Chunala Alexico , Hamie Joseph Chakana , Banda McLoyd 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background

The study was conducted to determine occurrence and levels of total aflatoxin and zearalenone in concentrate feedstuffs for dairy animals from selected farms in Malawi.

Methods

A total of 130 concentrate feedstuff samples were collected in paper bags from 113 randomly selected farms in the three agroecological zones (representing high, mid and low (lakeshore) altitudes) from October and December 2019. Each feed sample was ground and analyzed for total aflatoxin and zearalenone using VICAM Fluorometer Method procedures.

Results

About 85% of samples comprised of corn (maize) bran (CB), 8% for pigeon pea (PP), 2% for dairy mash, 1% for soybean and <1% for sunflower, rice bran (RB) and rice bran mixed with maize bran respectively. 75% of corn bran and 100% of dairy mash and rice bran samples were positive for zearalenone (i.e. above 100 μg/kg) while other concentrates tested negative. Incidences of total aflatoxin were 32%, 67% and 9% in CB, DM and PP bran samples respectively and negligible in other concentrates. Overall, 32% and 23% of feedstuffs had total aflatoxin concentrations above regulatory limits set by Malawi’s neighboring countries (Tanzania and Mozambique) and US respectively whereas only 6% of all the concentrate feedstuffs had zearalenone concentrations above the regulatory limit enforced by EU. Levels of total aflatoxin and zearalenone in CB were not affected by agroecological zones (P=0.17 and P=0.87) respectively. Mean total aflatoxin concentration was 35.4, 28.1 and 38.2 μg/kg in High, Lakeshore and Mid agroecologies respectively whereas zearalenone concentration was 249.7, 226.8 and 243.9 μg/kg respectively.

Conclusion

To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report prevalence of various mycotoxins in dairy concentrate feedstuffs in Malawi. Aflatoxin and zearalenone contamination in dairy concentrates exist but mostly in levels within tolerable limits at least from the limited timeframe of this study. However, presence of total aflatoxin above regulatory limits in 26 - 34% of corn bran, a major concentrate feedstuff, points to the need for deliberate efforts to ensure levels are kept low in dairy animal feeds for both safety of dairy animals and consumers in Malawi.
The Regulatory Effect of Lycium Barbarum Polysaccharide on I κ B Phosphorylation and NF - κ B Nuclear Translocation in RAW264.7 Cells
Authors: Yin Hong , Bai Lili , Deng Shuying , Li Lihua , Liu Tingting , Cai Huizhen 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Scope: RAW264.7 cells was used to study the regulatory effect of LBP on I κ B phosphorylation and NF - κ B nuclear translocation.Methods: (1)After 5, 10, 20 and 30 minutes of LBP intervention, Western blotting was used to detect the expression of I κ B and P-I κ B in each group, (2)After 5 minutes of intervention with different doses of LBP,Western blotting was used to detect the expression of P-I κ B and I κ B in the cells of each group, (3)After 30 minutes of LBP intervention, the distribution of NF - κ B nuclear translocation was observed by immunofluorescence, and the number of NF - κ B nuclear translocation was detected by Western blotting.Results : The results of the time-dependent regulation of I κ B phosphorylation by LBP showed that when stimulated by LPS, I κ B phosphorylated rapidly, the level of P-I κ B increased and I κ B decreased, and the level of I κ B increased at each time point in the combined treatment group of LPS (1 μ g / ml) + LBP (25 μ g / ml).After LPS stimulation, the expression of I κ B decreased and the expression of phosphorylated I κ B increased (P < 0.05); after LPS (L μ g / ml) + LBP (25,50 μ g / ml), the level of I κ B increased (P < 0.05).After LPS stimulation, the green fluorescence was mainly distributed in the nuclear area, and after LBP stimulation, the distribution of green fluorescence was slightly increased; in LPS + LBP group, the distribution of green fluorescence in the cytoplasm was increased, and the distribution of green fluorescence in the nucleus was decreased. After LPS stimulation, NF - κ B level in cytoplasm decreased (P < 0.05), and NF - κ B level in nucleus increased significantly (P < 0.05). After LPS (L μ g / ml) + LBP (25, 50, 100 μ g / ml), NF - κ B level in cytoplasm increased (P < 0.05), and NF - κ B level in nucleus decreased (P < 0.05).Conclusion: Collectively, these results suggested that LBP's anti-inflammatory effects were relevant to the interruption of NF-kappa B activation.