bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
WITHDRAWN: Diagnosis of Chronic Prostatitis by Noninvasive Methods in Elderly Patients with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia in China
Authors: Cao Qifeng , Wu Yu , Guan Wenbin , Zhu Yunkai , Qi Jun , Xu Ding 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Chronic prostatitis is hard to be identified in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients in clinical works. This study aimed to diagnose chronic prostatitis in BPH patients by noninvasive methods.Methods: The research was carried out on the BPH patients who received transurethral resection of prostate at Xinhua hospital from January 2014 to Jul 2015. Before operation, patients were asked for medical history and required to receive physical examination, serum sample collection including PSA, sex hormones, inflammatory cytokines, metabolic panel and transrectal ultrasonography. According to histological results, the patients were divided into 2 group of BPH with/without prostatitis. Logistic regression was used to find the risk factors of chronic prostatitis.Results: As a result, 181 men with an average age of 72.15±8.41 years were enrolled in this study, including 116 patients with prostatitis and 65 patients without prostatitis. The storage sub-score (9.24±1.55 vs 8.52±1.63, p=0.009), PSA (8.23±7.69 vs 4.92±3.84, p=0.005) and IL-2R (531.96±200.75 vs 434.11±153.54, p=0.001) were significantly higher in patients with prostatitis than those without prostatitis. Based on logistic regression analysis, the above three parameters were also the risk factors of BPH with prostatitis. The diagnostic model was calculated as: 0.317* storage sub-score+0.092* PSA+0.003* IL-2R-4.296. The AUC was 0.725. Conclusions: Histological prostatitis in BPH patients can be diagnosed by the combination of serum IL-2R, PSA and storage sub-score. Identification of chronic prostatitis among patients with BPH is beneficial for medical decisions, which can more efficiently alleviate urinary symptoms and reduce the risk of disease progression.
Dual RNAseq Highlights the Kinetics of Skin Microbiome and Fish Host Responsiveness to Bacterial Infection
Authors: luyer jeremy le , Schull Quentin , Auffret Pauline , Lopez Pierre , Crusot Margaux , Belliard Corinne , Basset Câline , Carradec Quentin , Poulain Julie , Planes Serge , Saulnier Denis 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
a) BackgroundTenacibaculum maritimum is a fish pathogen known for causing serious damage to a broad range of wild and farmed marine fish populations worldwide. The recently sequenced genome of T. maritimum strain NCIMB 2154T provided unprecedented information on the possible molecular mechanisms involved in the virulence of this species. However, little is known about the dynamic of infection in vivo, and information is lacking on both the intrinsic host response (gene expression) and its associated microbiome community. Here, we applied complementary omic approaches, including dual RNAseq and 16S rRNA gene metabarcoding sequencing using Nanopore and short-read Illumina technologies to unravel the host–pathogen interplay in an experimental infection system using the tropical fish Platax orbicularis as model.b) ResultsWe showed that the T. maritimum transcriptomic landscape during infection is characterised by an enhancement of antibiotic catalytic and glucan catalytic functions but a decrease in the sulfate assimilation process, compared with in vitro cultures. The fish host concurrently displays a large panel of immune effectors, notably involving innate response and triggering acute inflammatory response. In addition, our results suggest that fish activate an adaptive immune response visible through the stimulation of T-helper cells, Th17, with congruent reduction of Th2 and T-regulatory cells. Fish were, however, largely sensitive to infection, and less than 25% survived after 96 hpi. These surviving fish showed no evidence of stress (cortisol levels) or significant difference in microbiome diversity compared with controls at the same sampling time. The presence of Tenacibaculum in resistant fish skin and the total absence of any skin lesions suggest that these fish did not escape contact with the pathogen, but rather that they prevented pathogen entry. In these individuals, we detected up-regulation of specific immune-related genes differentiating resistant individuals from controls at 96 hpi, which suggests a possible genomic basis of resistance, although no genetic variation in coding regions were found.c) ConclusionHere we focus in detail on the interplay between common fish pathogens and host immune response during experimental infection. We further highlight key actors of defence response, pathogenicity and possible genomic bases of fish resistance to T. maritimum.
­­­Microbial Community Structure and Composition is Associated with Host Species and Sex in Sigmodon Cotton Rats
Authors: Strickland Britton , Patel Mira , Shilts Meghan H. , Boone Helen H. , Kamali Arash , Zhang Wei , Stylos Daniel , Boukhvalova Marina S. , Rosas-Salazar Christian , Yooseph Shibu , Rajagopala Seesandra V. , Blanco Jorge C. G. , Das Suman Ranjan 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: The cotton rat (genus Sigmodon) is an essential small animal model for the study of human infectious disease and viral therapeutic development. However, the impact of the host microbiome on infection outcomes has not been explored in this model, partly due to the lack of a comprehensive characterization of microbial communities across different cotton rat species. Understanding the dynamics of their microbiome could significantly help to better understand its role during when modeling viral infections in this small animal model.Results: We examined the bacterial communities of the gut and three external sites (skin, ear, and nose) of two inbred species of cotton rats commonly used in research (S. hispidus and S. fulviventer) by using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, constituting the first comprehensive catalog of the cotton rat microbiome. We showed that S. fulviventer maintained higher alpha diversity and richness than S. hispidus at external sites (skin, ear, nose), but there were no differentially abundant genera. However, S. fulviventer and S. hispidus had distinct fecal microbiomes composed of several significantly differentially abundant genera. Whole metagenomic shotgun sequencing of fecal samples identified species-level differences between S. hispidus and S. fulviventer, as well as different metabolic pathway functions as a result of differential host microbiome contributions. Furthermore, the microbiome composition of the external sites showed significant sex-based differences while fecal communities were not largely different. Conclusions: Our study shows that host genetic background potentially exerts homeostatic pressures, resulting in distinct microbiomes for two different inbred cotton rat species. Because of the numerous studies that have uncovered strong relationships between host microbiome, viral infection outcomes, and immune responses, our findings represent a strong contribution for understanding the impact of different microbial communities on viral pathogenesis. Furthermore, we provide novel cotton rat microbiome data as a springboard to uncover the full therapeutic potential of the microbiome against viral infections.
Household Preferences and Willingness to Pay for Health Insurance in Kampala City: A Discrete Choice Experiment
Authors: Kalyango Edward , Kananura Rornald Muhumuza , Kiracho Elizabeth Ekirapa 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Introduction: Uganda is in discussions to introduce a national health insurance scheme. However, there is a paucity of information on household preferences and willingness to pay for health insurance attributes that may guide the design of an acceptable health insurance scheme. Our study sought to assess households’ preferences and willingness to pay for health insurance using a discrete choice experiment.
Methods: This study was conducted from 16 th February 2020 to 10 th April 2020 on 240 households in Kawempe division, Kampala city, stratified into slum and non-slum communities in order to get a representative sample of the area. Four household and policy-relevant attributes were used in the experimental design of the study. Each respondent attended to 9 binary choice sets of health insurance plans. Data were analysed using mixed logit models.
Results: Households from the non-slum and slum communities preferred plans that included both private and public providers to plans that included public providers only (non-slum 0.81 β , P<0.05; slum 0.87 β , p<0.05), and plans that covered extended family members to plans that had limitations on number of family members allowed (non-slum β 0.44, P<0.05; slum 0.36 β, p<0.05). Households from the non-slum community in particular preferred plans that covered chronic illnesses and major surgeries to other plans (0.97 β, P<0.05). Our findings suggest that location of the household matters in determining willingness to pay with households from non-slum communities willing to pay more for the preferred attributes.
Conclusion : Potential health insurance schemes should consider including both private and public providers, fewer restrictions on the number of family members enrolled for both communities; and coverage for chronic illnesses and major surgeries for non-slum communities. However, the inclusion of more family members needs to be weighed against possible depletion of resources.
Proteomics-based Multimarker Model Improves Neurofilament Light Chain for Predicting Neurological Outcome after Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Wurm Raphael , Arfsten Henrike , Muqaku Besnik , Ponleitner Markus , Bileck Andrea , Altmann Patrick , Rommer Paulus , Seidel Stefan , Hubner Pia , Sterz Fritz , Heinz Gottfried , Gerner Christopher , Adlbrecht Christopher , Distelmaier Klaus 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Out of hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is a life-threatening event. Continuous advances in management increased initial survival, but the rate of favorable neurological outcome remains low. We have previously shown the usefulness of proteomics to identify novel biomarkers to predict this outcome. Neurofilament light chain (NfL), a marker of axonal damage, has since emerged as a promising single marker. The aim of this study was thus to assess the predictive value of NfL and compare it to our established model.Methods: NfL was measured in plasma samples from OHCA drawn at 48 hours after the event using single molecule assays. Neurological function at discharge from ICU was recorded on the cerebral performance category (CPC) scale. Predictive ability was assessed for NfL and compared to an established multimarker model.Results: Seventy patients were included into this analysis, of whom 21 (30%) showed a favorable outcome (CPC 1-2) compared to 49 (70%) with an unfavorable outcome (CPC 3 - 5). NfL increased from CPC 1 to 5 (16.5 pg/ml to 641 pg/ml, p<0.001). NfL alone performed moderately well with an area under the ROC (AUROC) of 79.4%. Prediction was significantly improved by combination of NfL with the established best performing model (F = 6.83, p = 0.01) with an AUROC to 89.7% (p for comparison = 0.017).Conclusion:The combination of NfL with other plasma and clinical markers is superior to that of either model alone and achieves a very good AUROC in this relatively small sample. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01960699. Registered 08 October 2013.
Global Transcriptome Profile of the Developmental Principles of in Vitro iPSC-to-Motor Neuron Differentiation
Authors: Solomon Emilia , Davis-Anderson Katie , Hovde Blake , Micheva-Viteva Sofiya N , Harris Jennifer Foster , Twary Scott Nikolas , Iyer Rashi 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BackgroundHuman induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) have opened new avenues for regenerative medicine. Consequently, iPSC-derived motor neurons have emerged as potentially viable therapies for spinal cord injuries and neurodegenerative disorders including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. However, direct clinical application of iPSC bears in itself the risk of tumorigenesis and other unforeseeable genetic or epigenetic abnormalities. ResultsEmploying RNA-seq technology, we identified and characterized gene regulatory networks triggered by chemical reprogramming of iPSC into motor neurons. We present meta-transcriptome signatures of 5 cell types: iPSCs, neural stem cells, motor neuron progenitors, early motor neurons, and mature motor neurons. In strict response to the chemical stimuli, along the MN differentiation axis we observed temporal downregulation of tumor growth factor-β signaling pathway and consistent activation of sonic hedgehog, Wnt/β-catenin, and Notch signaling. Together with gene networks defining neuronal differentiation (neurogenin 2, microtubule-associated protein 2, Pax6, and neuropilin-1), we observed steady accumulation of motor neuron-specific regulatory genes, including Islet-1 and homeobox protein HB9. Interestingly, transcriptome profiling of the differentiation process showed that Ca2+ signaling through cAMP and LPC was downregulated during the conversion of the iPSC to neural stem cells and key regulatory gene activity of the pathway remained inhibited until later stages of motor neuron formation. Pathways shaping the neuronal development and function were well -represented in the early motor neuron cells including, neuroactive ligand-receptor interactions, axon guidance, and the cholinergic synapse formation. A notable hallmark of our in vitro motor neuron maturation in monoculture was the activation of genes encoding G-coupled muscarinic acetylcholine receptors and downregulation of the ionotropic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors expression. We observed the formation of functional neuronal networks as spontaneous oscillations in the extracellular action potentials recorded on multi-electrode array chip after 20 days of differentiation. ConclusionsDetailed transcriptome profile of each developmental step from iPSC to motor neuron driven by chemical induction provides the guidelines to novel therapeutic approaches in the re-construction efforts of muscle innervation.
LncRNA OIP5-AS1 Affects the Malignant Biological Behavior of Ovarian Cancer via the miR-153-3p/KLF5 Axis
Authors: Wang Shenglan , Liu Chuanchuan , Li Yongchuan , Qiao Jinwan , Chen Xinling , Bao Jin , Li Ran , Xing Yanxia 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Visual Outcomes, Quality of Life and Satisfaction After Phacoemulsification in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Patients Without Diabetes
Authors: Beato Joao , Torres-Costa Sonia , Esteves-Leandro Joao , Falcão Manuel , Rosas Vitor , Carneiro Angela , Falcao-Reis Fernando 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BackgroundDiabetic retinopathy (DR) and cataract are major complications that lead to significant visual impairment of diabetic patients. This study aims to compare the changes in visual acuity, quality of life and satisfaction after phacoemulsification between type 2 diabetic and nondiabetic patients.MethodsFifty-seven diabetic patients (37 with no diabetic retinopathy [DR], 11 with mild/moderate nonproliferative DR and 9 with severe nonproliferative/proliferative DR) and 45 controls were submitted to first-eye cataract surgery by phacoemulsification alone or with co-adjuvant intravitreal injection of bevacizumab or triamcinolone. National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI VFQ-25) was recorded preoperatively and 6 months after surgery; and satisfaction evaluated at 1-month. ResultsCorrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) of the operated eye at 1 and 6-months (p<0.001) was significantly higher than preoperative value in the controls and all diabetic subgroups. The final CDVA in the severe nonproliferative/proliferative DR subgroup was significantly lower compared to the controls and the remaining diabetic subgroups (p<0.05). The mean NEI VFQ-25 composite score significantly improved in both control (15.413.2 points) and diabetic (15.413.0 points) groups, without differences among the diabetic subgroups (p>0.05). Overall patient satisfaction was 93% in both control and diabetic groups. ConclusionThis study provides vision-related patient-reported outcomes that support the benefit from phacoemulsification in all stages of DR, as long as there is adequate monitoring and treatment of retinopathy.
Psychometric Properties of the Hungarian Version of the Iowa Infant Feeding Attitude Scale&nbsp;
Authors: Renata Ungvary , Ittzés András , Bóné Veronika , Török Szabolcs 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: The Iowa Infant Feeding Attitude Scale (IIFAS) is a widely used tool to assess attitudes toward infant feeding methods. Attitudes toward breastfeeding are one of the main influencing factors of feeding choice and breastfeeding duration. Adaptation of IIFAS to Hungarian provides an opportunity for cross-cultural comparisons and helps targeting breastfeeding support interventions.Methods: The original IIFAS was translated into Hungarian and back-translated to English. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 553 mothers whose latest child’s age was between 6 and 36 months. In addition to the Hungarian IIFAS, infant feeding status and socioeconomic properties were self-reported in the online survey. Psychometric properties, validity and internal consistency were determined and compared with international results.Results: The 17 item IIFAS-H showed good psychometric properties with that of Cronbach alpha=0.733. Further analyses proved that two shortened versions of the IIFAS-17 consisting of 11 and 9 items also showed good properties (Cronbach’s alpha=0.789, 0.787). After comparing our results to the international short versions of IIFAS, we found that they share 8 identical items. These common 8 items have similar good properties with the Cronbach’s alpha=0.763.Conclusions: The benefits of possible use of international comparisons of the 8-item version outweigh its slightly lower reliability compared to the 9 or 11-item versions. Based on our analyses, we suggest the use of the 8-item-long, shortened version (IIFAS-H8) of the scale.
Invasive Pneumococcal Disease in Persons With Predisposing Factors is Dominated by Non-vaccine Serotypes in Southwest Sweden
Authors: Bergman Karin , Härnqvist Tor , Backhaus Erik , Trollfors Birger , Dahl Mats S , Kolberg Helena , Ockborn Gunilla , Andersson Rune , Karlssom Johanna , Mellgren Åsa , Skovbjerg Susann 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: The pneumococcal conjugate vaccine PCV7 was introduced in Southwest Sweden in the child vaccination program in 2009, followed by PCV13 in 2010 and PCV10 in 2015. In this study we assessed the pneumococcal serotype distribution in relation to predisposing factors, clinical manifestations and outcome during seven years after PCV introduction. Methods: Clinical data from 1,278 patients with 1,304 episodes of IPD between January 2009 and December 2015 in Region Västra Götaland, Sweden, were retrospectively collected from medical records. Pneumococcal isolates were serotyped by gel diffusion and/or Quellung reactions performed at the Public Health Agency in Sweden. Results: With the exception of serotype 3, the prevalence of PCV13 serotypes decreased during the study period, from 76% of all IPD episodes in 2009 to 25% in 2015 (p<0.001) while non-PCV13 serotypes increased, mainly among patients ≥ 65 years and in patients with predisposing factors (p<0.001 for both). Patients with predisposing factors were more likely to have IPD caused by a serotype not included in PCV13 rather than a vaccine-included serotype. Serotype 3 was associated with intensive care unit admissions while serotype 1 and 7F caused IPD among healthier and younger patients. PCV13 serotypes were associated with invasive pneumonia, and non-PCV13 serotypes were associated with bacteremia with unknown focus and with manifestations other than pneumonia or meningitis. Conclusions: Non-PCV13 serotypes caused the majority of IPD cases in Southwest Sweden, especially in patients ≥65 years and in patients with predisposing factors. Serotype 3, included in PCV13, was prevalent and often caused severe disease.
Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator Lasofoxifene Suppresses Spondyloarthritis Manifestation and Affects Characteristics of Gut Microbiota in Zymosan-induced SKG&nbsp;Mice
Authors: Jeong Hyemin , Kim In Young , Bae Eun-Kyung , Jeon Chan Hong , Ahn Kwang-Sung , Cha Hoon-Suk 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Ankylosing spondylitis is a male-predominant disease and previous study revealed that estrogen has an anti-inflammatory effect on the spondyloarthritis (SpA) manifestations in zymosan-induced SKG mice. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of selective estrogen receptor (ER) modulator lasofoxifene (Laso) on disease activity of SpA. Methods: Mice were randomized into zymosan-treated, zymosan + 17β-estradiol (E2)-treated, and zymosan + Laso-treated groups. Clinical arthritis scores were measured, and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) small-animal positron emission tomography/computed tomography was performed to quantify joint inflammation. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured. Fecal samples were collected and 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing was used to determine gut microbiota differences. Results: Both zymosan + E2-treated mice and zymosan + Laso-treated mice showed lower arthritis clinical scores and lower 18F-FDG uptake than zymosan-treated mice. BMD was significantly higher in zymosan + E2-treated mice and zymosan + Laso-treated mice than zymosan-treated mice, respectively. Fecal calprotectin levels were significantly elevated at 8 weeks after zymosan injection in zymosan-treated mice, but it was not significantly changed in zymosan + E2-treated mice and zymosan + Laso-treated mice. Gut microbiota diversity of zymosan-treated mice was significantly different from zymosan + E2-treated mice and zymosan + Laso-treated mice, respectively. There was no significant difference in gut microbiota diversity between zymosan + E2-treated mice and zymosan + Laso -treated mice. Conclusions: Selective ER modulator Laso inhibited joint inflammation and enhanced BMD in SKG mice, a model of SpA. Laso also affected the composition and biodiversity of gut microbiota. This study provides new knowledge regarding that selected SpA patients could benefit from selective ER modulator treatment.
Comparison of Random Forest and Gradient Boosting Fingerprints to Enhance an Outdoor Radio-frequency Localization System
Authors: Sousa Marcelo Nogueira de , Sant'Ana Ricardo , Fernandes Riegel P. , Duarte Julio Cesár , Aploinário José A. , Thomä Reiner S. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Machine Learning framework adds a new dimension to the localization estimation problem; it tries to find the most likely position using processed features in a radio map. This paper compares the performance of two machine learning tools, Random Forest (RF) and XGBoost, in exploiting the multipath information for outdoor localization problem. The investigation was carried out in a noisy outdoor scenario, where non-line-of-sight between target and sensors may affect the location of a radio-frequency emitter strongly. It is possible to improve the position system performance by using fingerprints techniques that employ multipath information in a Machine Learning framework, which operate a dataset generated by ray-tracing simulation. Usually, real measurements produce the fingerprints localization features, and there is mismatching with the simulated data. Another drawback of NLOS features extraction is the noise level that occurs in position processing. Random Forest algorithm uses fully grown decision trees to classify possible emitter position, trying to achieve error mitigation by reducing variance. On the other hand, XGBoost approach uses weak learners, defined by high bias and low variance. The results of the simulation performed aims to be used as a design parameter to perform hyperparameter refinements in similar multipath localization problems.