bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementation of face and eye detection on DM6437 board using simulink model
Authors: Vijayalaxmi B. , Sekaran Kaushik , Neelima N. , Chandana P. , Meqdad Maytham N. , Kadry Seifedine 
Published: March 2020

Driver Assistance system is significant in drriver drowsiness to avoid on road accidents. The aim of this research work is to detect the position of driver’s eye for fatigue estimation. It is not unusual to see vehicles moving around even during the nights. In such circumstances there will be very high probability that a driver gets drowsy which may lead to fatal accidents. Providing a solution to this problem has become a motivating factor for this research, which aims at detecting driver fatigue. This research concentrates on locating the eye region failing which a warning signal is generated so as to alert the driver. In this paper, an efficient algorithm is proposed for detecting the location of an eye, which forms an invaluable insight for driver fatigue detection after the face detection stage. After detecting the eyes, eye tracking for input videos has to be achieved so that the blink rate of eyes can be determined.
Missing data exploration in air quality data set using R-package data visualisation tools
Authors: Ghazali Shamihah Muhammad , Shaadan Norshahida , Idrus Zainura 
Published: March 2020

Missing values often occur in many data sets of various research areas. This has been recognized as data quality problem because missing values could affect the performance of analysis results. To overcome the problem, the incomplete data set need to be treated or replaced using imputation method. Thus, exploring missing values pattern must be conducted beforehand to determine a suitable method. This paper discusses on the application of data visualisation as a smart technique for missing data exploration aiming to increase understanding on missing data behaviour which include missing data mechanism (MCAR, MAR and MNAR), distribution pattern of missingness in terms of percentage as well as the gap size. This paper presents the application of several data visualisation tools from five R-packges such as visdat, VIM, ggplot2, Amelia and UpSetR for data missingness exploration. For an illustration, based on an air quality data set in Malaysia, several graphics were produced and discussed to illustrate the contribution of the visualisation tools in providing input and the insight on the pattern of data missingness. Based on the results, it is shown that missing values in air quality data set of the chosen sites in Malaysia behave as missing at random (MAR) with small percentage of missingness and do contain long gap size of missingness.
Mel-log energies analysis of authentic audible intrusion activities in a Malaysian forest
Authors: Md Afendi Amirul Sadikin , Yusoff Marina , Omar Megawati 
Published: March 2020

Wildlife has been endangered due to illegal activities. This requires more effective surveillance measures. Felling timber and poaching are regular illegal activities but challenging to detect. Hence authorities should resort to modern technologies such as employing autonoumous surveillance to stop them. The Malaysian forest audio data were recorded to lay a foundation in initiating a cheaper and practical approach. Hence this paper reports the collection, processing and analysis of audio data in preparation to develop an autonomous sound event detection system. The recording was an emulation of possible illegal activities in a reserved forest. Sounds of chainsaw and hand hatchet cutting tree trunks were taken. It was found that there was a distinct pattern in the Mel-log energies audio feature of the sound, which could be used to identify illegal activities. Thus, it is believed that a detection through audio is a possible approach to be employed as one of the methods to stop illegal activities in the tropical reserve forests like those in Malaysia.
Generalized sub band analysis and signal synthesis
Authors: Zhilyakov Evgeny G. , Belov Sergei P. , Oleinik Ivan I. , Babarinov Sergei L. , Trubitsyna Diana I. 
Published: March 2020

Currently, one of the main approaches used in analyzing properties and synthesis of signals in various classes is the subband methodology, which is carried out from the position of Fourier transform of signal samples (frequency representations) into subbands of the transform definition domain (transformants). In this case, the main tool, which is widely used for subband analysis (including wavelet analysis), is usage of bandpass filters (mainly those with finite impulse response or FIR filters). The present paper introduces the basics of building a theory forsubband analysis / signal synthesis for various classes, and using transformations based on any orthonormal basis with weight. This proposed approach is based on the concept of Euclidean signal norm square fraction in a given subband of the transformant definition domain. It is shown that the basis for mathematical apparatus of subband analysis is a new class of matrices, called subband ones. Some eigenvalue properties of these matrices are established, and the problem of optimal selection for additive signal components is formulated and solved
Determination of transient thermal characteristics for thermal electric behavioral models of integrated circuits
Authors: Yu Drakin A. , A. Potapov L. , N. Shkolin A. 
Published: March 2020

In the current study, it was tried to describe a method for determining thermal characteristics of integrated micro-circuits to identify thermal parameters of multidisciplinary (thermal-electric) behavioral models. The problem is solved on the example of high-frequency pulse voltage converters. A solution was proposed to refine the minimum structure of the thermoelectric model based on an iterative least squares method using the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm, as well as a graph of the spectral den-sity of time constants. This made it possible to reduce the influence of the filtering factor in the deconvolution operation when building a thermal model using the structural function of the thermal characteristic transition. Also, the results obtained can be used to build integrated circuits (IC) behavioral models, taking into account the thermal processes occurring in them.
Design and simulation hybrid filter for 17 level multilevel inverter
Authors: Hutabarat Marshal Andrea , Hasan Syafruddin , Rambe Ali Hanafiah , Suherman Suherman 
Published: March 2020

The increasing of renewable energy applications such as solar cells, wind power, ocean thermal and HVDC (high voltage direct current) cause increment in the use of the inverter circuit. Harmonics that are generated by the inverter have negative impacts on the electrical equipment; harmonics cause excessive heat and may shorten the life of electrical equipment. A multilevel inverter is an arranged of cascaded inverters which aims to reduce total harmonic distortion (THD). This paper proposes the design of 17 levels of a single-phase cascaded multilevel inverter with a hybrid filter insertion. By using PSIM simulator, the hybrid filter is proven reducing THD better than single pulse width modulation (SPWM) inverter. Installation of the hybrid filter is able to fix a maximum of 0.23% THDv and a maximum of 1.05% THDi. Hybrid filter installation reduces the value of THD to comply with IEEE 519-2014 standard.
CLINICAL EFFECTS OF HUMAN IMMUNOGLOBULIN ADMINISTRATION IN WOMEN WITH RHESUS SENSITIZATION AT THE PRE-GRAVID STAGE
Authors: Chernievskaya S. G. , Rozhkovska N. M. , Marichereda V. G. , Yermolenko T. O. 
Published: March 2020

The aim of the study – to evaluate changes in cellular immunity in rhesus-sensitized women in response to IVIG administration and the prognostic effectiveness of a method for the prevention of isoimmunization in the next pregnancy.
Materials and Methods. The study was performed on the basis of City Maternity Hospital No. 7" (Odesa) in 2014–2019. 37 rhesus-sensitized women were randomly splited in two clinical groups: main clinical group (n=19) where patients received human immunoglobulin for intravenous administration, and control group (n=18) where patients did not receive IVIG.
Results and Discussion. The state of cellular immunity in rhesus-sensitized women is characterized by a moderate decrease in the absolute and relative indices of T-lymphocytes while increasing the number of B-lymphocytes. The NK cell population did not differ from the control group. When analyzing subpopulations of T-lymphocytes, it can be concluded that the number of T-helper cells is increased and the number of T-suppressors is proportionally reduced. These changes explain the increase in the number of B-lymphocytes as a result of increasing antigenic load on cell receptors. In the group of women who received IVIG therapy, the ratio of chances of normalization of cellular immunity was 18.41 (95 % CI 2.62–166.74), T-helper – 14.93 (95 % CI) 2.45–107.8), T-suppressors – 14.57 (95 % CI 2.13 –127.57) and B-lymphocytes – 31.87 (95 % CI 4.1–333.41). According to the ROC analysis, the quality of the statistical model of IVIG application corresponds to AUC = 0.843 (95 % CI 0.689–0.941) According to the ROC analysis, the level of β-lymphocytes in the compared AUC groups = 0.58 (95 % CI 0.405–0.742).
РІВЕНЬ КАЛЬЦІЮ І ВІТАМІНУ D У ЖІНОК ІЗ ПОРУШЕННЯМИ МЕНСТРУАЛЬНОЇ ФУНКЦІЇ НА ТЛІ ХРОНІЧНИХ ГЕПАТИТІВ ТА ЙОГО КОРЕКЦІЯ
Authors: Lymar L. E. , Vdovychenko Yu. P. , Malanchyn I. M. , Lymar N. A. 
Published: March 2020

Мета дослідження – визначення рівня кальцію і вітаміну D у жінок із порушеннями менструальної функції (ПМФ) на тлі хронічного гепатиту (ХГ), його впливу на якість життя жінок та комплексна терапія.
Матеріали та методи. Обстежено 77 жінок репродуктивного віку (від 18 до 43 років) із ПМФ на тлі ХГ: аномальними матковими кровотечами (АМК) та дисменореєю. У контрольній групі було 30 жінок із ПМФ без патології печінки. Вивчено прояви ПМФ, визначено рівень кальцію, вітаміну D, білкових фракцій при загостренні та ремісії ХГ, оцінено якість життя жінок.
Результати дослідження та їх обговорення. Пацієнток було розподілено на 2 групи залежно від методу лікування. Виявлено достовірне зниження рівня кальцію, вітаміну D та альбуміну, отримані результати підтверджують літературні дані. У жінок обох груп до лікування спостерігали помірний рівень зниження якості життя. Застосування в комплексній терапії комбінованого препарату кальцію з вітаміном D сприяло достовірному підвищенню рівня кальцію, вітаміну D та альбуміну. У 2 групі підвищився рівень якості життя за рахунок фізичного здоров’я. У доступній для обробки літературі ми не знайшли подібних досліджень при зазначеній коморбідній патології.
Висновки. У жінок з ПМФ на тлі загострення ХГ спостерігається зниження рівня кальцію та вітаміну D в крові, що призводить до погіршення якості життя. Комплексна терапія з урахуванням дефіциту кальцію та вітаміну D забезпечує тривалу ремісію та покращує якість життя пацієнток.
ОЦІНКА ЕХОГРАФІЧНИХ ПОКАЗНИКІВ У ЖІНОК З ГІПЕРПРОЛІФЕРАТИВНОЮ ПАТОЛОГІЄЮ ЕНДОМЕТРІЯ
Authors: Gorban N. Ye. , Kondratyuk V. K. , Raksha I. I. 
Published: March 2020

Мета дослідження – визначити ехографічні особливості органів малого таза у жінок репродуктивного віку з неатиповою гіперпроліферативною патологією ендометрія (НГПЕ).
Матеріали та методи – Ультразвукове дослідження (УЗД) органів малого таза проведено 184 пацієнткам репродуктивного віку з НГПЕ, яких було поділено на 3 групи: І – жінки з неатиповою гіперплазією ендометрія (НГЕ) (n=60); ІІ – пацієнтки з поліпами тіла матки (ПТМ) (n=62); ІІІ – хворі з поєднаною НГПЕ (НГЕ+ПТМ) (n=62). Контрольну групу склали 30 жінок репродуктивного віку без наявності гінекологічної патології.
Результати дослідження та їх обговорення. Збільшення розмірів тіла матки встановлено у більшості хворих основних груп – у 126 (68,5 %) осіб. У 143 (77,7 %) хворих із НГПЕ ультразвукова картина характеризувалась вираженим поліморфізмом. НГЕ характеризувалась збільшенням товщини та зміною ехоструктури ендометрія, невідповідністю показників дню менструального циклу. При ПТМ спостерігали гетерогенність ендометрія та наявність ехопозитивних утворів овальної форми розміром 0,2–0,4 см однорідної структури. У 35,3 % жінок із НГПЕ виявлено неоднорідність тканини з переважанням гіперехогенних включень діаметром 0,1–0,3 см внаслідок вогнищ фіброзу і кальцинозу базального шару ендометрія, що є ехографічними ознаками хронічного ендометриту. Для наочності надано рисунки ультразвукових зображень різних видів НГПЕ.
Висновки. Саме трансвагінальне УЗД органів малого таза в жінок із НГПЕ є доступним, швидким та інформативним діагностичним методом у виявленні такої гінекологічної патології у жінок репродуктивного віку.
DISCOORDINATED LABOR ACTIVITY AND MODERN APPROACHES TO ITS CORRECTION
Authors: Lazurenko V. V. , Zvyagina N. Yu. 
Published: March 2020

The aim of the study – to evaluate the course and outcome of childbirth for the mother and the fetus by comparing various methods of correction of discoordinated labor activity (DLA).
Materials and Methods. 120 women in childbirth were examined, of whom 90 women had DLA. Group 1 (control) consisted of 30 women with a physiological course of childbirth, group 2 – 30 women in labor, who underwent correction of the DLA according to the order of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine No. 676, dated 12/31/2004, group 3 – 30 women who underwent epidural anesthesia, group 4 – 30 women who underwent complex treatment using phosphatidylcholine.
The subject of the study was indicators of partograms of women in labor, fetal CTG, levels of adrenaline, norepinephrine, prostaglandin F2α, oxytocin, dopplerometry, and assessment of the condition of newborns.
Results and Discussion. In women with DLA, a premature rupture of the membranes was determined in 67 (74.5 %); indicators of adrenaline were increased (7.2±0.8) nmol/l. Under the influence of treatment, the adrenaline level decreased in group 4 to (3.5±0.5) nmol/l. There was an increase in the concentration of PGF2a during DLA to (177.2±6.9) ng/ml. The use of traditional therapy reduced the content of PGF2a to (134.1±5.1) ng/ml, the use of phosphatidylcholine to (111.7±4.8) ng/ml. Similar changes were observed in oxytocin parameters: an increase in the content during DLA (173.4±10.2) pg/ml, a decrease under the influence of traditional treatment (105.7±6.9) pg/ml and our proposed method of therapy (91.3±5.6) pg/ml.
The results of a Dopplerometric examination of women in labor with DLA indicated an increase in resistance in the uterine arteries and in the umbilical arteries. Studies have shown that in group 2, the Caesarean section was the lowest – 33.3 %, group 3 – 66.7 %, in group 4 – 40 %. Condition of the newborn: in group 2 of pregnant women in satisfactory condition 76.7 % of newborns were born, in the group 3 – 66.7 %, in group 4 – 73.3 %.
Conclusions. Based on the results of the evaluation of the outcome of labor, the use of phosphothydiolcholine in the complex treatment of discordination of labor can significantly reduce the frequency of operative half-divergence and improve the condition of the fetus and the newborn due to the normalization of biologically active substances in the blood of the mother and fetus, improvement of blood flow in the utero-placental complex and, as a result of normalization of maternity activities.
Isoflavone Intake and the Risk of Coronary Heart Disease in US Men and Women
Authors: Ma Le , Liu Gang , Ding Ming , Zong Geng , Hu Frank B. , Willett Walter C. , Rimm Eric B. , Manson JoAnn E. , Sun Qi 
Published: March 2020

Background:
Whether soy products confer health benefits related to coronary heart disease (CHD) remains controversial because of inconsistent evidence.

Methods:
A total of 74 241 women from the NHS (Nurses’ Health Study; 1984–2012), 94 233 women from the NHSII (Nurses’ Health Study II; 1991–2013), and 42 226 men from the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study (1986–2012), who were free of cardiovascular disease and cancer at baseline, were included in the present analysis. Dietary data were updated every 2 to 4 years using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Nonfatal myocardial infarction and CHD deaths were adjudicated through reviewing medical records, death certificates, and other medical documents.

Results:

In these cohorts, 8359 incident CHD cases were documented during 4 826 122 person-years of follow-up. In multivariable-adjusted analyses, isoflavone intake was inversely associated with CHD (pooled hazard ratio [HR] comparing the extreme quintiles: 0.87 [95% CI, 0.81–0.94];
P
=0.008). Consumption of tofu, but not soy milk, was inversely associated with the risk of CHD, with pooled HRs (95% CIs) of 0.82 (0.70–0.95;
P
=0.005) and 0.87 (0.69–1.10;
P
=0.41), respectively, comparing ≥1 serving/week with <1 serving/month. Further analyses showed that, in women, the favorable association of tofu was primarily driven by stronger inverse association of tofu intake observed in younger women before menopause and postmenopausal women without hormone use (
P
interaction
=0.002).

Conclusions:
Higher intake of isoflavones and tofu was associated with a moderately lower risk of developing CHD, and in women the favorable association of tofu were more pronounced in young women or postmenopausal women without hormone use.
Leveraging the Electronic Health Records for Population Health: A Case Study of Patients With Markedly Elevated Blood Pressure
Authors: Lu Yuan , Huang Chenxi , Mahajan Shiwani , Schulz Wade L. , Nasir Khurram , Spatz Erica S. , Krumholz Harlan M. 
Published: March 2020

Background
The digital transformation of medical data provides opportunities to perform digital population health surveillance and identify people inadequately managed in usual care. We leveraged the electronic health records of a large health system to identify patients with markedly elevated blood pressure and characterize their follow‐up care pattern.

Methods and Results

We included 373 861 patients aged 18 to 85 years, who had at least 1 outpatient encounter in the Yale New Haven Health System between January 2013 and December 2017. We described the prevalence and follow‐up pattern of patients with at least 1 systolic blood pressure (
SBP
) ≥160 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure (
DBP
) ≥100 mm Hg and patients with at least 1
SBP
≥180 mm Hg or
DBP
≥120 mm Hg. Of 373 861 patients included, 56 909 (15.2%) had at least 1
SBP
≥160 mm Hg or
DBP
≥100 mm Hg, and 10 476 (2.8%) had at least 1
SBP
≥180 mm Hg or
DBP
≥120 mm Hg. Among patients with
SBP
≥160 mm Hg or
DBP
≥100 mm Hg, only 28.3% had a follow visit within 1 month (time window of follow‐up recommended by the guideline) and 19.9% subsequently achieved control targets (
SBP
<130 mm Hg and
DBP
<80 mm Hg) within 6 months. Follow‐up rate at 1 month and control rate at 6 months for patients with
SBP
≥180 mm Hg or
DBP
≥120 mm Hg was 31.9% and 17.2%.

Conclusions
Digital population health surveillance with an electronic health record identified a large number of patients with markedly elevated blood pressure and inadequate follow‐up. Many of these patients subsequently failed to achieve control targets.
Subarachnoid Extension Predicts Lobar Intracerebral Hemorrhage Expansion
Authors: Morotti Andrea , Poli Loris , Leuci Eleonora , Mazzacane Federico , Costa Paolo , De Giuli Valeria , Candeloro Elisa , Busto Giorgio , Casetta Ilaria , Micieli Giuseppe , Cavallini Anna , Gamba Massimo , Magoni Mauro , Padovani Alessandro , Pezzini Alessandro , Fainardi Enrico 
Published: March 2020

Background and Purpose—
We investigated whether subarachnoid extension (SAHE) of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is associated with hematoma expansion (HE).

Methods—
Retrospective analysis of patients with primary spontaneous ICH admitted at 3 academic hospitals in Italy. The study population was divided into a development and a replication cohort. SAHE was rated on baseline noncontrast computed tomography by investigators blinded to clinical data. The main outcome of interest was HE, defined as ICH growth >33% mL and/or >6 mL. Predictors of HE were explored with multivariable logistic regression stratified by ICH location (lobar versus nonlobar).

Results—

A total of 360 and 192 patients were included in the development and replication cohort, respectively. SAHE was identified with good interrater reliability (
K
=0.82), and its frequency was 27.8% in the development and 24.5% in the replication cohort. In univariate analysis, HE was more common in patients with SAHE (52.0% versus 27.3%;
P
<0.001). When controlling for confounders in logistic regression, SAHE was an independent predictor of lobar HE (odds ratio, 6.00 [95% CI, 2.16–16.64];
P
=0.001) whereas there was no association with HE in nonlobar ICH (odds ratio, 0.55 [95% CI, 0.17–1.84];
P
=0.334). The increased risk of HE in lobar ICH with SAHE was confirmed in the replication cohort (odds ratio, 3.46 [95% CI, 1.07–11.20];
P
=0.038).

Conclusions—
SAHE predicts HE in lobar ICH. This may improve the stratification of HE risk in clinical practice or future trials targeting HE. Further research is needed to confirm our findings and characterize the underlying biological mechanisms.
Hiding in plain sight: rediscovery and review of Parygrus Erichson, 1847, with description of five new species from the Neotropics (Coleoptera: Byrrhoidea: Dryopidae)
Authors: BARR CHERYL B. , SHEPARD WILLIAM D. 
Published: March 2020

The history and original concept of Parygrus Erichson, 1847, is reviewed, the genus is redescribed, and the status of the type species, P. erichsoni Waterhouse, 1876, is clarified. The four original species are reviewed, with photographs provided for the type specimens of P. angustatus Grouvelle, 1896, P. elateroides Grouvelle, 1896, and P. erichsoni, and a non-type of P. parallelus (Grouvelle, 1890). The holotype of P. parallelus is apparently missing. The female holotype of P. erichsoni is redescribed. An associated male P. erichsoni specimen is compared with the holotype and the male genitalia are described and illustrated. General descriptions and provisional diagnoses are given for P. angustatus, P. elateroides and P. parallelus. Five new species (P. guarani new species, P. lengua new species, P. maya new species, P. quechua new species, P. zamuco new species) are proposed, illustrated, and their geographic distributions mapped. For the first time, the male genitalia of Parygrus species are described and illustrated. A provisional key to the species and an updated key to the Neotropical genera of Dryopidae are provided.
Pagastia (P.) donoliveri sp. nov.—a new Nearctic alpine stream chironomid species (Diptera: Chironomidae: Diamesinae) from the Beartooth Mountains, Wyoming, U.S.A.
Authors: MAKARCHENKO EUGENYI A. , HANSEN DEAN C. 
Published: March 2020

An illustrated description of the adult male of Pagastia (P.) donoliveri sp. nov. from the Beartooth Mountains, Wyoming, of North America is provided. An updated key to the determination of all known Holarctic species of Pagastia Oliver for males is also provided.