bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RETRACTED: The Sp1/FOXC1/HOTTIP/LATS2/YAP/β‐catenin cascade promotes malignant and metastatic progression of osteosarcoma
Authors: Liu Ke , Ni Jiang‐Dong , Li Wen‐Zhao , Pan Bai‐Qi , Yang Yu‐Ting , Xia Qin , Huang Jun 
Published: July 2020

The prognosis for osteosarcoma (OS) is dismal due to the aggressive tumor growth and high incidence of metastasis. The long noncoding RNA human homeobox A transcript at the distal tip (HOTTIP) and the transcription factor forkhead box C1 (FOXC1) present oncogenic activities in OS. Here, we aimed at gaining insights into the underlying mechanisms and their crosstalk. The expression of FOXC1 and HOTTIP in OS tissues or cell lines was examined by real‐time PCR (RT‐PCR) and western blot. The in vitro effects of FOXC1 or HOTTIP on cell viability, proliferation, migration, invasion, and expression of target genes were examined using MTT, colony‐forming assay, wound‐healing, Transwell invasion, and western blot, respectively; the in vivo effects were examined using xenograft and experimental metastasis models. Molecular control of HOTTIP on large tumor suppressor 2 (LATS2) or transactivation of FOXC1 or Sp1 on HOTTIP was assessed by combining RNA immunoprecipitation, qRT‐PCR, western blot, ChIP, and luciferase assay. Both FOXC1 and HOTTIP were potently up‐regulated in OS tissues and cell lines. FOXC1 and HOTTIP essentially maintained viability, proliferation, migration, and invasion of OS cells in vitro and contributed to xenograft growth or lung metastasis in vivo. Mechanistically, HOTTIP recruited enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) and lysine‐specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) to silence LATS2 and thus activated YAP/β‐catenin signaling. Upstream, Sp1 activated FOXC1 and they both directly transactivated HOTTIP. In summary, we showed that the Sp1/FOXC1/HOTTIP/LATS2/YAP/β‐catenin cascade presented oncogenic activities in OS cells. Targeting FOXC1 or HOTTIP may therefore prove beneficial for OS treatment.
Catalytic Nanoframes and Beyond
Authors: Kwon Taehyun , Jun Minki , Lee Kwangyeol 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe ever‐increasing need for the production and expenditure of sustainable energy is a result of the astonishing rate of consumption of fossil fuels and the accompanying environmental problems. Emphasis is being directed to the generation of sustainable energy by the fuel cell and water splitting technologies. Accordingly, the development of highly efficient electrocatalysts has attracted significant interest, as the fuel cell and water splitting technologies are critically dependent on their performance. Among numerous catalyst designs under investigation, nanoframe catalysts have an intrinsically large surface area per volume and a tunable composition, which impacts the number of catalytically active sites and their intrinsic catalytic activity, respectively. Nevertheless, the structural integrity of the nanoframe during electrochemical operation is an ongoing concern. Some significant advances in the field of nanoframe catalysts have been recently accomplished, specifically geared to resolving the catalytic stability concerns and significantly boosting the intrinsic catalytic activity of the active sites. Herein, general synthetic concepts of nanoframe structures and their structure‐dependent catalytic performance are summarized, along with recent notable advances in this field. A discussion on the remaining challenges and future directions, addressing the limitations of nanoframe catalysts, are also provided.
A 3D Carpet Cloak with Non‐Euclidean Metasurfaces
Authors: Jiang Zijie , Liang Qingxuan , Li Zhaohui , Chen Tianning , Li Dichen , Hao Yang 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMetasurfaces have opened up a new era of manipulating electromagnetic waves including the implementation of invisibility cloaks, based on their simple design and ultrathin thickness. However, a perfect design of metasurface structures, such as the carpet cloak on non‐Euclidean geometries independent of the state of polarization and the azimuthal angle of wave incidence, remains unrealized in practice. Herein, a new design and fabrication approach which annihilates current defects of metasurface structures is proposed and illustrated by using a rapid prototyping of a 3D spherical carpet cloak. Benefited from its perfectly symmetric distribution of meta‐atoms, the carpet cloak is demonstrated to be fully insensitive to all polarizations and azimuthal angles of incident waves from both simulated and experimental results. The proposed cloak is also electrically large with 7λ0 in length and 1.2λ0 in height, which opens up the possibility of practical applications in areas governed by wave physics.
Rebound dynamics of two droplets simultaneously impacting a flat superhydrophobic surface
Authors: Wang Xin , Lin Dian‐Ji , Wang Yi‐Bo , Gao Shu‐Rong , Yang Yan‐Ru , Wang Xiao‐Dong 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this letter, we investigate the rebound dynamics of two equally sized droplets simultaneously impacting a superhydrophobic surface via lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) simulations. We discover three rebound regimes depending on the center‐to‐center distance between the two droplets: a complete‐coalescence‐rebound (CCR) regime, a partial‐coalescence‐rebound (PCR) regime, and a no‐coalescence‐rebound (NCR) regime. We demonstrate that all the rebound regimes are closely associated with dynamic behaviors of the formed liquid ridge or bridge between the two droplets. We also present the contact time in the three regimes. Intriguingly, although partial coalescence takes place, the contact time is still dramatically shortened in the PCR regime, which is even smaller than that of single‐droplet impact. These findings provide new insights into the contact time of multiple‐droplet impact and thereby offering useful guidance for some applications such as anti‐icing, self‐cleaning, and so forth.
Monitoring occurrence, extinction, and colonization probabilities for gibbon populations
Authors: Vu Thinh T. , Hoa Anh Nguyen Q. , Rawson Benjamin M. , Tran Dung V. , Nguyen Hoa T. , Van Thinh N. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAll gibbon species (Family: Hylobatidae) are considered threatened with extinction and recognized on the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List of Threatened Species. Because gibbons are one of the most threatened families of primates, monitoring their status is now critically important. Long‐term monitoring programs applying occupancy approaches, in addition to assessing occurrence probability, improves understanding of other population parameters such as site extinction or colonization probabilities, which elucidate temporal and spatial changes and are therefore important for guiding conservation efforts. In this study, we used multiple season occupancy models to monitor occurrence, extinction, and colonization probabilities for northern yellow‐cheeked crested gibbon Nomascus annamensis in three adjacent protected areas in the Central Annamites mountain range, Vietnam. We collected data at 30 listening posts in 2012, 2014, and 2016 using the auditory point count method. Occurrence probabilities were highest in 2012 (0.74, confidence interval [CI]: 0.56–0.87) but slightly lower in 2014 (0.66, CI: 0.51–0.79) and 2016 (0.67, CI: 0.49–0.81). Extinction probabilities during the 2012–2014 and 2014–2016 intervals were 0.26 (0.14–0.44) and 0.25 (0.12–0.44), respectively. Colonization probabilities during 2012–2014 were 0.44 (0.19–0.73) and between 2014 and 2016 was 0.51 (0.26–0.75). Although local site extinctions have occurred, high recolonization probability helped to replenish the unoccupied sites and kept the occurrence probability stable. Long‐term monitoring programs which use occurrence probability alone might not fully reveal the true dynamics of gibbon populations. We strongly recommend including multiple season occupancy models to monitor occurrence, extinction, and colonization probabilities in long‐term gibbon monitoring programs.
The role of preoperative blood eosinophil counts in distinguishing chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps phenotypes
Authors: Zhong Bing , Yuan Tian , Du Jintao , Tan Kaisen , Yang Qintai , Liu Feng , Liu Yafeng , Ba Luo , Liu Shixi 
Published: July 2020

BackgroundChronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a common heterogenous disease in the patients with chronic airway diseases. This study investigated the role of blood eosinophil count (BEC) in the classification of CRSwNP and its recurrence in eosinophilic CRSwNP.MethodsSixty‐five patients who underwent nasal endoscopic resection of CRSwNP were recruited and divided into eosinophilic CRSwNP and non‐eosinophilic CRSwNP groups based on the levels (10% cutoff) of eosinophil infiltration as indicated by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining.ResultsWe recruited 30 patients in the eosinophilic CRSwNP group and 35 patients in the non‐eosinophilic CRSwNP group. The outcome of preoperative visual analogue scale (VAS) score, preoperative Lund‐Mackay score, and preoperative Lund‐Kennedy score between the 2 groups were comparable. The level of BEC in the eosinophilic CRSwNP group was significantly higher than that of non‐eosinophilic CRSwNP group (0.79 ± 0.27 × 109/L vs 0.30 ± 0.22 × 109/L; p < 0.001). We observed a statistical significance in the number of H&E eosinophils (29.11 ± 2.93 vs 3.17 ± 0.51; p < 0.001) and CRSwNP phenotypes (eosinophilic/non‐eosinophilic, 28/3 vs 2/32; p < 0.001) when the cutoff value of BEC was set at 0.39 × 109/L. The disease‐free recurrence (DFR) was found to be statistically significant when the cutoff value of BEC was 0.73 × 109/L in eosinophilic CRSwNP (p = 0.009).ConclusionResults indicate that BEC may be capable of distinguishing CRSwNP phenotypes as well as predicting polyp recurrence in eosinophilic CRSwNP. Given the relatively small sample size, further studies will be necessary to confirm a role for BEC as a systemic biomarker in CRSwNP.
C‐H‐Aktivierungsbasierte einstufige kupferkatalysierte Synthese von N,O‐bidentaten organischen Difluorborkomplexen
Authors: Tan Guangying , Schrader Malte L. , Daniliuc Constantin , Strieth‐Kalthoff Felix , Glorius Frank 
Published: July 2020

AbstractOrganische BF2‐Komplexe weisen erstrebenswerte Eigenschaften wie eine große Stokes‐Verschiebung, eine hohe Quantenausbeute, eine starke Emissionsintensität und eine hohe chemische Robustheit auf und werden daher in vielen verschiedenen Anwendungen eingesetzt. Hier stellen wir eine neuartige kupferkatalysierte Kaskaden‐C‐H‐Aktivierung/Acyloxylierung und Difluorborierung von 2‐Phenylpyridinderivaten vor, die einen einfachen und schnellen Zugang zu einer Reihe von N,O‐bidentaten organischen BF2‐Komplexen mit ausgezeichneten photophysikalischen Eigenschaften bietet. Untersuchungen des Mechanismus zeigen, dass AgBF4als BF2‐Quelle und Oxidationsmittel für diese Umwandlung dient. Die meisten der untersuchten Komplexe haben breite und intensive Absorptions‐ sowie Emissionsbanden. Sie zeigen weiterhin intensive blaue Fluoreszenz sowie große Stokes‐Verschiebungen.
Targeted Degradation of Transcription Coactivator SRC‐1 through the N‐Degron Pathway
Authors: Lee Yeongju , Heo Jiwon , Jeong Hoibin , Hong Kyung Tae , Kwon Do Hoon , Shin Min Hyeon , Oh Misook , Sable Ganesh A. , Ahn G‐One , Lee Jun‐Seok , Song Hyun Kyu , Lim Hyun‐Suk 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAberrantly elevated steroid receptor coactivator‐1 (SRC‐1) expression and activity are strongly correlated with cancer progression and metastasis. Here we report, for the first time, the development of a proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) that is composed of a selective SRC‐1 binder linked to a specific ligand for UBR box, a unique class of E3 ligases recognizing N‐degrons. We showed that the bifunctional molecule efficiently and selectively induced the degradation of SRC‐1 in cells through the N‐degron pathway. Importantly, given the ubiquitous expression of the UBR protein in most cells, PROTACs targeting the UBR box could degrade a protein of interest regardless of cell types. We also showed that the SRC‐1 degrader significantly suppressed cancer cell invasion and migration in vitro and in vivo. Together, these results demonstrate that the SRC‐1 degrader can be an invaluable chemical tool in the studies of SRC‐1 functions. Moreover, our findings suggest PROTACs based on the N‐degron pathway as a widely useful strategy to degrade disease‐relevant proteins.
Proton‐Gated Ring‐Closure of a Negative Photochromic Azulene‐Based Diarylethene
Authors: Hou Ian Cheng‐Yi , Berger Fabian , Narita Akimitsu , Müllen Klaus , Hecht Stefan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractProton‐responsive photochromic molecules are attractive for their ability to react on non‐invasive rapid optical stimuli and the importance of protonation/deprotonation processes in various fields. Conventionally, their acidic/basic sites are on hetero‐atoms, which are orthogonal to the photo‐active π‐center. Here, we incorporate azulene, an acid‐sensitive pure hydrocarbon, into the skeleton of a diarylethene‐type photoswitch. The latter exhibits a novel proton‐gated negative photochromic ring‐closure and its optical response upon protonation in both open and closed forms is much more pronounced than those of diarylethene photoswitches with hetero‐atom based acidic/basic moieties. The unique behavior of the new photoswitch can be attributed to direct protonation on its π‐system, supported by 1H NMR and theoretical calculations. Our results demonstrate the great potential of integrating non‐alternant hydrocarbons into photochromic systems for the development of multi‐responsive molecular switches.
The intertidal plant communities in north‐eastern Australia, their carbon stores and vulnerability to extreme climate events
Authors: Addicott Eda , Laurance Susan G. W. , Bannink Peter , Thompson Simon 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

During the strong El Niño event of 2015–2016 large‐scale dieback of mangrove forests was observed in the Gulf of Carpentaria region of northern Australia. These and other intertidal communities are also extensive along the 7,400 km coastline of north‐eastern Australia. Determination of their floristic composition, potential carbon (C) store and sequestration capacity, and vulnerability to climate extremes is required for their effective conservation management and was the aim of this study.
Standardized, state‐wide quantitative classification methods identified five mangrove forest and three saltmarsh communities covering 2,604 km2 along this coastline.
Estuarine and oceanic mangrove forests were mapped separately. Carbon storage and sequestration capacity of the intertidal communities and their vulnerability to strong El Niño events were estimated using published data and GIS analyses.
An estimated potential 126.2 (± 27.3 SEM) Tg C and 8.3 (±0.4 SD) Tg C were stored in the mangrove forests and saltmarshes, respectively. Comparatively, the rainforests of the region stored an estimated equivalent amount of C but covered three times the area, and the most widespread woodlands (Eucalyptus tetrodonta) of the region stored an estimated 1.5 times the C but covered 16 times the area. The C stored in the intertidal communities was estimated as equivalent to 493.47 Tg of CO2, valued at AU$6.8 billion on the Australian carbon market in December 2018. Annual C sequestration potential was 0.18–0.34 Tg C/year, valued between AU$8.9 and $17 million.
Approximately 360 ha of mangrove forest was estimated as lost because of dieback during the 2015–16 El Niño event. Three types of mangrove forest were identified as potentially vulnerable to dieback from El Niño‐driven climate events.
This study highlights the national and global significance of these intertidal systems and our findings need to be incorporated in future conservation and development planning of northern Australia.
Synthesis, Structure, Magnetic and Photoluminescent Properties of Dysprosium(III) Schiff Base Single‐Molecule Magnets: Investigation of the Relaxation of the Magnetization
Authors: Long Jérôme , Basalov Ivan V. , Lyssenko Konstantin A. , Cherkasov Anton V. , Mamontova Ekaterina , Guari Yannick , Larionova Joulia , Trifonov Alexander A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe report here the synthesis, structure, magnetic and photoluminescent properties of three new bifunctional Schiff‐base complexes [Dy(L1)2(py)2][B(Ph)4]⋅py (1), [Dy(L1)2Cl(DME)] ⋅ 0.5DME (2) and [Dy(L2)2Cl] ⋅ 2.5(C7H8) (3) (HL1=Phenol, 2,4‐bis(1,1‐dimethylethyl)‐6‐[[(2‐methoxy‐5‐methylphenyl)imino]methyl]; HL2=Phenol, 2,4‐bis(1,1‐dimethylethyl)‐6‐[[(2‐methoxyphenyl)imino]methyl]). The coordination environment of the Dy3+ ion and the direction of the anisotropic axis may be controlled by the combination of the substituent groups of the Schiff bases, the nature of the counter‐ions (Cl− vs. BPh4−) and the coordinative solvent molecules. A zero‐field slow relaxation of the magnetization is evidenced for all complexes but strong differences in the relaxation dynamics are observed depending on the Dy3+ site geometry. In this sense, complex 1 exhibits an anisotropy barrier of 472 cm−1, which may be favourably compared to other related examples due to the shortening of the Dy−O bond in the axial direction. Besides, the three complexes exhibit a ligand‐based luminescence making them as bifunctional magneto‐luminescent systems.
Enhanced chondrogenesis in a coculture system with genetically manipulated dedifferentiated chondrocytes and ATDC5 cells
Authors: Yao Yongchang , Zhang Tingshuai , Chen Hanzheng , Zheng Shicong , Chen Yi , Zhang Shujiang 
Published: July 2020

AbstractArticular cartilage repair after injury is a great challenge worldwide due to its nerveless and avascular features. Tissue engineering is proposed as a promising alternative for cartilage regeneration. In this study, an adenoviral vector carrying the transforming growth factor‐β3 (TGF‐β3) gene was constructed and introduced into dedifferentiated chondrocytes, which were then cocultured with ATDC5 cells in an alginate hydrogel system. The results showed that the experimental groups exhibited better cell viability and higher levels of cartilage‐related genes than the control groups. In this coculture system, the chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 cells was effectively induced by TGF‐β3 and other latent cytokines that were produced by the transfected chondrocytes. Thus, this method can avoid the degradation of exogenous TGF‐β3, and it can protect ATDC5 cells during virus transfection to maintain cell viability and chondrogenic differentiation capability. Taken together, this study provides fresh insights for applying this genetically manipulated coculture system to cartilage repair in the future.
Investigation of the therapeutic effect of Shaoyao Gancao decoction on CCL4‐induced liver injury in rats by metabolomic analysis
Authors: Sun Lin , Zhao Min , Zhao Yanhui , Wang Miao , Man Jingyi , Zhao Chunjie 
Published: July 2020

AbstractShaoyao Gancao decoction (SGD) is a famous Chinese traditional prescription for treating liver injury. In this research, we investigated the therapeutic effects of SGD on liver injury and its metabolic mechanisms using 1H NMR and UPLC–MS. Serum biochemical indicators and histopathological methods were used to determine the mechanism of action of SGD in treating liver injury. An orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis method was used to screen potential metabolic markers, and the MetaboAnalyst and KEGG PATHWAY databases were used to find relevant metabolic pathways. A total of 26 significant metabolites were identified with significant changes in their abundance levels, and these metabolites are involved in many metabolic pathways such as amino acid and lipid metabolism. The changes in biomarker levels reveal the therapeutic effect of SGD on liver injury, which is of great significance to speculate on possible metabolic mechanisms.
First Extensive Polyphenolic Profile of Erodium cicutarium with Novel Insights to Elemental Composition and Antioxidant Activity
Authors: Bilić Vanja Ljoljić , Gašić Uroš , Milojković‐Opsenica Dušanka , Nemet Ivan , Rončević Sanda , Kosalec Ivan , Rodriguez Jadranka Vuković 
Published: July 2020

AbstractErodium cicutarium is known for its total polyphenolic content, but this work reveals the first highly detailed profile of E. cicutarium, obtained with UHPLC‐LTQ OrbiTrap MS4 and UHPLC‐QqQ‐MS/MS techniques. A total of 85 phenolic compounds were identified and 17 constituents were quantified. Overall, 25 new compounds were found, which have not yet been reported for the Erodium genera, or the family Geraniaceae. Along with methanolic extracts, the so far poorly investigated water extracts exhibited in vitro antioxidant activity according to all performed assays, including the ferric reducing/antioxidant power assay (FRAP), 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl assay (DPPH), 2,2′‐azinobis(3‐ethylbenzthiazoline‐6‐sulfonic acid) assay (ABTS) and cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity assay (CUPRAC). Elemental composition analysis performed with inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP‐AES) and, additionally, hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry (HydrEA‐ETAAS) showed six most abundant elements to be decreasing as follows: Mg>Ca>K>S>P>Na, and gave first data regarding inorganic arsenic content (109.3–248.4 ng g−1). These results suggest E. cicutarium to be a valuable source of various phenolic compounds with substantial potential for further bioactivity testing.
Bioherbicide Potential of Eucalyptus saligna Leaf Litter Essential Oil
Authors: Silva Eliane R. , Igartuburu José M. , Overbeck Gerhard E. , Soares Geraldo L. G. , Macías Francisco A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe aimed to evaluate the bioherbicide potential of Eucalyptus saligna leaf litter essential oil, its fractions and major compounds. Six essential oil fractions were obtained by preparative thin‐layer chromatography and analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Effects of the oil, its fractions and major compounds (1,8‐cineole and/or α‐pinene) diluted in aqueous solution were assessed on germination and seedling growth. Recipient species were Lactuca sativa (model), Amaranthus viridis (weed), Eragrostis plana (weed), and Paspalum notatum (forage). The essential oil was more phytotoxic on A. viridis and L. sativa, followed by E. plana, and caused no effects on P. notatum. Amaranthus viridis was inhibited by all treatments, mainly the essential oil, α‐pinene and fraction 6, whereas E. plana was more affected by the oil fractions. Results revealed the species‐specific phytotoxic effects of E. saligna essential oil, indicating its potential use for controlling A. viridis and E. plana. Phytotoxic effects of essential oils or their components should not be generalized, as effects may change according to recipient species.
Catalytic Promiscuity of cGAS: A Facile Enzymatic Synthesis of 2′‐3′‐Linked Cyclic Dinucleotides
Authors: Rosenthal Katrin , Becker Martin , Rolf Jascha , Siedentop Regine , Hillen Michael , Nett Markus , Lütz Stephan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCyclic GMP‐AMP synthase (cGAS) is a cytosolic DNA sensor that catalyzes the synthesis of the cyclic GMP‐AMP dinucleotide 2′3′‐cGAMP. 2′3′‐cGAMP functions as inducer for the production of type I interferons. Derivatives of this important second messenger are highly valuable for pharmaceutical applications. However, the production of these analogues requires complex, multistep syntheses. Herein, human cGAS is shown to react with a series of unnatural nucleotides, thus leading to novel cyclic dinucleotides. Most substrate derivatives with modifications at the nucleobase, ribose, and the α‐thio phosphate were accepted. These results demonstrate the catalytic promiscuity of human cGAS and its utility for the biocatalytic synthesis of cyclic dinucleotide derivatives.