bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The use of solvents for gutta‐percha dissolution/removal during endodontic retreatments: A scoping review
Authors: Dotto Lara , Sarkis‐Onofre Rafael , Bacchi Ataís , Pereira Gabriel Kalil Rocha 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis scoping review study aimed to map the evidence about solvents' use for gutta‐percha dissolution and removal during endodontic retreatments. The study protocol followed the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines, available online (https://osf.io/5vy8n/). Reporting was based on PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews. We selected dentistry studies that considered the effectiveness of solvents in gutta‐percha dissolution in endodontic retreatments and compared their performance to the use of instrumentation techniques without solvents. The search and study screening were performed in PubMed and Scopus databases by two independent researchers. A descriptive analysis considered the study design, method/technique used for obturation, method/technique used for instrumentation during retreatment, solvent solutions tested, exposure time, and main findings. A total of 41 studies were included. Despite that, most studies suggested that solvents' use may complicate root canal cleanliness, regardless of the type of instrumentation used, and facilitate the presence of gutta‐percha remnants in the root surface. Thus, the use of solvents should be avoided and its use should only be considered if the previous working length was not possible to access without it. Despite that, high heterogeneity was observed, further studies are still encouraged comparing the performance and effects of different solvents in different clinical scenarios.
Discovery of novel 1,3,5‐triazine as adenosine A2A receptor antagonist for benefit in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Masih Anup , Agnihotri Amol K. , Srivastava Jitendra K. , Pandey Nidhi , Bhat Hans R. , Singh Udaya P. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractParkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic neuro‐degenerative ailment characterized by impairment in various motor and nonmotor functions of the body. In the past few years, adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR) antagonists have attracted much attention due to significant relief in PD. Therefore, in the current study, we intend to disclose the development of novel 1,3,5‐triazines as A2AR antagonist. The radioligand binding and selectivity of analogs were tested in HEK293 (human embryonic kidney) and the cells were transfected with pcDNA 3.1(+) containing full‐length human A2AR cDNA and pcDNA 3.1(+) containing full‐length human A1R cDNA, where they exhibit selective affinity for A2AR. Molecular docking analysis was also conducted to rationalize the probable mode of action, binding affinity, and orientation of the most potent molecule (7c) at the active site of A2AR. It has been shown that compound 7c form numerous nonbonded interactions in the active site of A2AR by interacting with Ala59, Ala63, Ile80, Val84 Glu169, Phe168, Met270, and Ile274. The study revealed 1,3,5‐triazines as a novel class of A2AR antagonists.
Conjugate of pyrimidine derivative, the drug xymedon with succinic acid protects liver cells
Authors: Vyshtakalyuk Alexandra B. , Parfenov Andrey A. , Gumarova Lilya F. , Khasanshina Leyla R. , Belyaev Grigory P. , Nazarov Nail G. , Kondrashina Darya A. , Galyametdinova Irina V. , Semenov Vyacheslav E. , Zobov Vladimir V. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe aim of the study was to investigate the hepatoprotective properties of the conjugate of the xymedon drug substance with succinic acid (1a). The study presents an in vitro comparative evaluation of the cytotoxicity and cytoprotective properties of1aand succinic acid on a cell line of normal human hepatocytesChang Liver, and in vivo investigation of the ability of1ato restore liver from the toxic damage caused by CCl4in Wistar rats. It was shown that the cytotoxicity of1awas 19.9 ± 0.8 mmol/L, and that of succinic acid was 14.1 ± 0.2 mmol/L. Against the background ofd‐galactosamine exposure, the cytoprotective effect of1awas found to be superior to that of succinic acid. It was shown that1acaused a significant reduction in necrotic and steatosis changes in the liver and restoration of biochemical markers of cytolysis, as well as bilirubin metabolism and synthetic liver function.
Monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells reflect tuberculosis severity and are influenced by cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors
Authors: Jøntvedt Jørgensen Marthe , Jenum Synne , Tonby Kristian , Mortensen Rasmus , Walzl Gerhard , Du Plessis Nelita , Dyrhol-Riise Anne Ma 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMyeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) increase in tuberculosis (TB) and may be targets for host-directed therapy (HDT). In this study, we use flow cytometry to analyze the effects of cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors (COX-2i) on monocytic (M)-MDSCs in blood from TB patients attending a clinical trial of COX-2i. The effects of COX-2i on M-MDSCs and mycobacterial uptake were also studied by an in vitro mycobacterial infection model. We found that M-MDSC frequencies correlated with TB disease severity. Reduced M-MDSC (P = 0.05) and IDO (P = 0.03) expression was observed in the COX-2i group. We show that peripheral blood-derived M-MDSCs successfully internalized Mycobacterium bovis and that in vitro mycobacterial infection increased COX-2 (P = 0.002), PD-L1 (P = 0.01), and Arginase-1 (P = 0.002) expression in M-MDSCs. Soluble IL-1β, IL-10, and S100A9 were reduced in COX-2i-treated M-MDSCs cultures (P &lt; 0.05). We show novel data that COX-2i had limited effect in vivo but reduced M-MDSC cytokine production in vitro. The relevance of COX-2i in a HDT strategy needs to be further explored.
MRI for Guided Right and Left Heart Cardiac Catheterization: A Prospective Study in Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Velasco Forte Mari Nieves , Roujol Sébastien , Ruijsink Bram , Valverde Israel , Duong Phuoc , Byrne Nick , Krueger Sascha , Weiss Steffen , Arar Yousef , Reddy Surendranath R. Veeram , Schaeffter Tobias , Hussain Tarique , Razavi Reza , Pushparajah Kuberan 
Published: November 2020

BackgroundImprovements in outcomes for patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) have increased the need for diagnostic and interventional procedures. Cumulative radiation risk is a growing concern. MRI‐guided interventions are a promising ionizing radiation‐free, alternative approach.PurposeTo assess the feasibility of MRI‐guided catheterization in young patients with CHD using advanced visualization passive tracking techniques.Study TypeProspective.PopulationA total of 30 patients with CHD referred for MRI‐guided catheterization and pulmonary vascular resistance analysis (median age/weight: 4 years / 15 kg).Field Strength/Sequence1.5T; partially saturated (pSAT) real‐time single‐shot balanced steady‐state free‐precession (bSSFP) sequence.AssessmentImages were visualized by a single viewer on the scanner console (interactive mode) or using a commercially available advanced visualization platform (iSuite, Philips). Image quality for anatomy and catheter visualization was evaluated by three cardiologists with >5 years' experience in MRI‐catheterization using a 1–5 scale (1, poor, 5, excellent). Catheter balloon signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR), blood and myocardium SNR, catheter balloon/blood contrast‐to‐noise ratio (CNR), balloon/myocardium CNR, and blood/myocardium CNR were measured. Procedure findings, feasibility, and adverse events were recorded. A fraction of time in which the catheter was visible was compared between iSuite and the interactive mode.Statistical TestsT‐test for numerical variables. Wilcoxon signed rank test for categorical variables.ResultsNine patients had right heart catheterization, 11 had both left and right heart catheterization, and 10 had single ventricle circulation. Nine patients underwent solely MRI‐guided catheterization. The mean score for anatomical visualization and contrast between balloon tip and soft tissue was 3.9 ± 0.9 and 4.5 ± 0.7, respectively. iSuite provided a significant improvement in the time during which the balloon was visible in relation to interactive imaging mode (66 ± 17% vs. 46 ± 14%, P < 0.05).Data ConclusionMRI‐guided catheterizations were carried out safely and is feasible in children and adults with CHD. The pSAT sequence offered robust and simultaneous high contrast visualization of the catheter and cardiac anatomy.Level of Evidence2Technical Efficacy Stage1
SERS procedure using photoreduced substrates and reflection FTIR spectroscopy for the study of natural organic colourants
Authors: Retko Klara , Legan Lea , Ropret Polonca 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn this work, we showed the potential of photoreduced surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy or surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate for the detection of organic colourants (in mixtures) in lipid and proteinaceous paint layers. Different organic colourants such as madder lake pigment, cochineal lake pigment and lac dye were included in the study. SERS procedure with different approaches was tested, namely, direct application, soaking (incubation) of the sample in the substrate and hydrolysis with the hydrofluoric (HF) acid vapours. For the analysis of colourants bound in linseed oil, a pretreatment step was required (soaking/incubating or hydrolysing with HF). Moreover, exposing a cross‐section of a sample taken from a polychrome work of art to the vapours of HF enabled SERS detection of the cochineal lake pigment in the paint layer of this cross‐section. Therefore, the SERS substrate could be used also for the study of stratigraphy of real cultural heritage samples. As the analyses by means of SERS are (minimally) invasive, the potential of noninvasive reflection FTIR‐spectroscopy analyses for the identification of organic colourants was tested as well. Reflection infrared spectra of organic colourants are presented and discussed. Furthermore, within this study, it was shown that madder lake pigment could be identified in paint layers based on the characteristic bands of the hydrated alumina.
Highly transparent, ultra‐thin flexible, full‐color mini‐LED display with indium–gallium–zinc oxide thin‐film transistor substrate
Authors: Sun Yang , Fan Jack , Liu Minggang , Zhang Lijun , Jiang Bei , Zhang Min , Zhang Xin 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMini‐LED and micro‐LED are expected to be the next‐generation display by virtue of their diverse applications. In this study, an 8‐inch flexible mini‐LED display was fabricated using an indium–gallium–zinc oxide (IGZO) thin‐film transistor (TFT) backplane that adopted a top‐gate structure, with a pixel pitch of 0.55 mm and a resolution of 320 x 160, 46 PPI. With colorless polyimide (CPI) as the substrate, the mini‐LED panel has a thickness of less than 0.2 mm, and a transmittance is over 60%. The world's first 8‐inch, full‐color, flexible mini‐LED with IGZO‐TFT backplane is demonstrated.
Risk of Stroke and Myocardial Infarction After Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Lammers Marc J. W. , Young Emily , Westerberg Brian D. , Lea Jane 
Published: November 2020

Objectives/HypothesisThe pathophysiology of idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL) is still unknown, but labyrinthine artery infarction has been proposed. The objective of this study was to perform a systematic review and conduct a meta‐analysis assessing the risk of developing stroke and myocardial infarction after presentation with ISSNHL.MethodsA systematic literature review was conducted using Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Libraries. All studies investigating an association between ISSNHL and stroke and/or myocardial infarction (MI) were included. Adhering to the MOOSE guideline, two independent reviewers extracted data, assessed risk of bias, and evaluated the relevance and quality of evidence.ResultsThree observational studies evaluating the risk of stroke in ISSNHL were included (n = 6,521 patients). All individual study results indicated an increased relative risk of stroke after ISSNHL (unadjusted relative risk range 1.21–1.63). Pooled adjusted hazard ratios revealed a 1.42‐fold increased risk of stroke after ISSNHL (hazard ratio [HR] 1.42; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.15–1.75, I2 = 55%). Subgroup analysis of one study demonstrated that the increased risk is only present in adults aged above 50 years (HR 1.23; 95% CI 1.07–1.42). Five observational studies evaluating the risk of MI in patients with ISSNHL were included (n = 61,499 patients). Pooled analyses demonstrated that ISSNHL was not associated with MI (HR 1.08, 95% CI 0.87–1.34).ConclusionISSNHL may be an independent risk factor for the subsequent development of stroke especially in a subgroup of elderly patients. More studies are needed to confirm this association and to assess whether such patients would benefit from cardiovascular risk assessment and management to prevent future strokes. Laryngoscope, 131:1369–1377, 2021
Response of ammonia‐oxidizing archaea and bacteria to streptomycin sulfate and penicillin in coastal wetlands along the Bohai Rim
Authors: Tang Shuangyu , Wang Chen , Ji Guodong 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAntibiotics are pollutants that are constantly discharged into ocean and coastal wetlands and affect the growth and activity of microorganisms. Ammonia‐oxidizing archaea (AOA) and bacteria (AOB), which are very important in the global nitrogen cycle, are affected by antibiotics in the environment as well. Antibiotics have different influences on AOA and AOB microbial communities due to their different biochemical compositions and metabolic mechanisms, which change the ammonia‐oxidizing process in different environments. In this study, 62 samples from four typical coastal wetland types along the Bohai Rim were collected and treated with streptomycin sulfate and penicillin in the laboratory. The total ammonia oxidation rate decreased by 61.2–84.0% with streptomycin sulfate and decreased by 50.0–74.5% with penicillin. The significant change in abundance and community structure indicated that AOB were more inhibited than AOA by streptomycin sulfate and penicillin. Nevertheless, ecological network analysis verified that the internal association in the AOA community was more fragile than that in the AOB community. Moreover, the relationship between AOA and other nitrogen‐transforming functional archaea weakened in the presence of antibiotics, while AOB established relationships with more nitrogen‐transforming functional bacteria in the presence of antibiotics. Streptomycin sulfate had a stronger effect than penicillin due to the different inhibiting mechanisms of these antibiotics and the promotion of interspecific cooperation induced by penicillin in AOA.
Biogeography and co‐occurrence patterns of bacterial generalists and specialists in three subtropical marine bays
Authors: Mo Yuanyuan , Zhang Wenjing , Wilkinson David M. , Yu Zheng , Xiao Peng , Yang Jun 
Published: November 2020

AbstractRecent research has greatly expanded our understanding of microbial metacommunities in aquatic ecosystems. However, patterns at the mesoscale are still poorly understood. We present the first simultaneous analyses of the biogeography and co‐occurrence patterns of generalists and specialists marine bacteria from three subtropical bays of China and test for signals of ecological processes (i.e., stochastic and deterministic processes) in biogeography and community assembly. Results showed that compared to specialists, bacterial generalists were less diverse, and were more widely dispersed in the three subtropical bays. Network analysis indicated that both habitat generalists and specialists showed non‐random co‐occurrence patterns, and specialists had a more complex co‐occurrence pattern than generalists. Further, specialists co‐occurrence network exhibited distinct robust structure compared to generalists, indicating that the both taxa showed different network stability. Our null models indicated that the generalists and specialists were primarily shaped by deterministic processes ‐ such as variable selection. However, deterministic processes played a greater role in the community variation of specialists (84%) than generalists (56%). The study has broadened our understanding of generalists and specialists distribution in the bacterioplankton; further revealing the dominant roles of similar ecological mechanisms (deterministic processes) in shaping the community assembly. The differences in complex and stable co‐occurrence pattern between generalists and specialists could be driven by deterministic processes. By considering the roles of species traits and ecological processes, we provide a deeper mechanistic understanding of bacterial biogeographical and co‐existence patterns.
Loss of CDKN2A at chromosome 9 has a poor clinical prognosis and promotes lung cancer progression
Authors: Liu Wei , Zhuang Congwen , Huang Tengfei , Yang Shengsheng , Zhang Meiqing , Lin Baoquan , Jiang Yi 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to identify critical genes involved in the tumor biology of lung cancer via datamining of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) with special focus on gene copy number variation.MethodsGenomic deletion and amplification were analyzed with cBioportal online tools. Relative expression of Cyclin Dependent Kinase Inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A) was analyzed by both real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Western blot. The abundance of methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP) and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition markers were analyzed by real‐time PCR. Cell proliferation was determined by cell counting kit‐8 method and cell viability was measured with 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. The cell migration and invasion were measured with transwell chamber assay, and migrative capacity was further evaluated by wound healing assay.ResultsWe found the frequent loss of CDKN2A was associated with its downregulation in lung cancer, and siRNA‐mediated CDNKN2A knockdown significantly stimulated cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. Mechanistically, we unraveled that MTAP, which was positively correlated with CDKN2A, predominantly mediated the antitumoral function of CDKN2A in lung cancer.ConclusionOur study consolidated the involvement of CDKN2A‐MTAP signaling in the context of lung cancer.
Substrate integrated waveguide filter based on the magnetized ferrite with tunable capability
Authors: Shirkolaei M. Mohammadi , Aslinezhad Mehdi 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn this paper, a miniaturized substrate integrated waveguide filter on the magnetized ferrite is presented. The proposed filter has a small size, high power transmission capability, relatively good bandwidth, and tunable frequency bandwidth. This filter is tunable due to the magnetic bias applied to the ferrite substrate. Compared to the tunable filters reported in previous references based on PIN diode, varactors, and mechanical changes, the proposed filter has a relatively wide adjustment on the operation frequency. Using this method dramatically reduces the complexity of the external control system. This tunable filter is optimized using the Ansoft HFSS software and then fabricated. The measured operating frequency of the filter is tunable from 5.3 to 7.15 GHz by changing the magnetic bias from 100 Oe to 1100 Oe. In the frequency range of 5.55 to 6.95 GHz, an insertion loss of less than 1.1 dB and a return loss of better than 20 dB are achieved. A good agreement between the simulation and experimental results was achieved.
Pregnant Mexican American Biopsychosocial/Cultural risks for adverse infant outcomes
Authors: Ruiz R. Jeanne , Newman Matt , Suchting Robert , Pasillas Rebecca M. , Records Kathie , Stowe Raymond P. , Moore Tiffany A. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAimsTo test a model of psychosocial/cultural/biological risk factors for poor birth outcomes in Latina pregnant women.DesignAn observational study measuring acculturation, progesterone, cortisol, cotinine, age, marital status, income, stress, depressive symptoms and coping. We tested a structural equation model to predict risk.MethodsWe obtained a convenience sample (N = 515) of low medical risk pregnant Mexican American Hispanic women at 22–24 weeks of gestation. Bilingual research nurses collected data from blood, urine and questionnaires. Self‐report measures were the Beck Depression Inventory‐II, the Perceived Stress Scale, the Acculturation Rating Scale for Mexican Americans‐II and the Brief Cope. We measured progesterone and cortisol in plasma and cotinine levels in urine by enzyme‐linked immunoassays.ResultsA PLS‐SEM model revealed that Mexican American Hispanic pregnant women who were younger, single, lower income, more acculturated and who had greater negative coping, stress and depression were most at risk for having earlier and smaller babies.
SIAH2 is Expressed in Adipocyte Precursor Cells and Interacts with EBF1 and ZFP521 to Promote Adipogenesis
Authors: Dang Thanh N. , Taylor Jessica L. , Kilroy Gail , Yu Yongmei , Burk David H. , Floyd Z. Elizabeth 
Published: November 2020

ObjectiveExpression of zinc finger protein 423 (ZFP423), a key proadipogenic transcription factor in adipocyte precursor cells, is regulated by interaction of the proadipogenic early B‐cell factor 1 (EBF1) and antiadipogenic ZFP521. The ubiquitin ligase seven‐in‐absentia homolog 2 (SIAH2) targets ZFP521 for degradation. This study asked whether SIAH2 is expressed in adipocyte precursor cells and whether SIAH2 interacts with ZFP521 and EBF1 to regulate ZFP521 protein levels during adipogenesis.MethodsSIAH2 expression in precursor cells was assessed in primary cells and tissues from wild‐type and SIAH2 null mice fed a control or high‐fat diet. Primary cells, 3T3‐L1 preadipocytes, and HEK293T cells were used to analyze Siah2, Ebf1, and Zfp521 expression and SIAH2‐mediated changes in ZFP521 and EBF1 protein levels.ResultsSiah2 is expressed in platelet‐derived growth factor receptor α (PDGFRα)+ and stem cell antigen‐1 (SCA1)+ adipocyte precursor cells. SIAH2 depletion reduces Ebf1 gene expression and increases EBF1 protein levels in early but not late adipogenesis. In early adipogenesis, SIAH2 forms a protein complex with EBF1 and ZFP521 to enhance SIAH2‐mediated ubiquitylation and degradation of ZFP521 while increasing EBF1 protein levels.ConclusionsSiah2 is expressed in PDGFRα+ adipocyte precursor cells and is linked to precursor cell commitment to adipogenesis by interacting with EBF1 and ZFP521 proteins to target the antiadipogenic ZFP521 for degradation.