bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ASOSIASI LITERASI KESEHATAN DAN HEALTH BELIEF MODEL DENGAN PRAKTIK SADARI PADA MAHASISWI UNIVERSITAS INDONESIA
Authors: Putri Dian Priharja , Anshari Dien 
Published: November 2019

Kanker payudara menempati urutan pertama dengan jumlah kasus baru (43,3%) dan kematian akibat kanker (12,9%) pada wanita di dunia [1]. Lebih dari 70% pasien datang ke layanan kesehatan pada stadium kenker yang telah lanjut [2]. Pemeriksaan Payudara Sendiri (SADARI) yang dilakukan setiap bulan merupakan metode deteksi dini termurah dan paling sederhana yang dapat dilakukan secara mandiri oleh wanita. Meskipun telah direkomendasikan selama bertahun-tahun, praktik BSE masih rendah. Lebih dari 80% orang tidak memahami praktik SADARI [3]. Program ini tidak dapat dipisahkan dari literasi kesehatan. Teori Health Belief Model dianggap dianggap sesuai untuk melihat mengapa bebrapa orang memilih untuk tidak melakukan SADARI. Penelitian ini untuk melihat asosiasi literasi kesehatan dan Health Belief Model dengan praktik SADARI, menggunakan desain cross-sectional dengan sampel 251 mahasiswa S1 Reguler dari Universitas Indonesia angkatan 2018/2019. Hasil yang diperoleh mahasiswi memiliki tingkat pengetahuan yang rendah (51,4%) dan memiliki literasi kesehatan yang rendah (49,0%). Literasi kesehatan mempunyai hubungan yang bermakna dengan praktik SADARI (p = 0,000; α = 0,05) setelah dikontrol oleh rumpun ilmu, sumber informasi, dan pengetahuan. Persepsi terhadap kemampuan diri melakukan SADARI mempunyai hubungan bermakna dengan praktik SADARI (p = 0,000; α = 0,05) setelah dikontrol oleh rumpun ilmu, sumber informasi, dan pengetahuan. Kata Kunci- Breast Cancer, BSE, Health Literacy, Health Belief Model
Chaotic Rotation and Evolution of Asteroids and Small Planets in High-eccentricity Orbits around White Dwarfs
Authors: Makarov Valeri V. , Veras Dimitri 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Observed planetary debris in white dwarf atmospheres predominately originate from the destruction of small bodies on highly eccentric (>0.99) orbits. Despite their importance, these minor planets have coupled physical and orbital evolution, which has remained largely unexplored. Here, we present a novel approach for estimating the influence of fast chaotic rotation on the orbital evolution of high-eccentricity triaxial asteroids, and formally characterize the propagation of their angular rotation velocities and orbital elements as random time processes. By employing the impulse approximation, we demonstrate that the violent gravitational interactions during periastron passages transfer energy between the orbit and asteroid’s rotation. If the distribution of spin impulses were symmetric around zero, then the net result would be a secular decrease of the semimajor axis and a further increase of the eccentricity. We find evidence, however, that the chaotic rotation may be self regulated in such a manner that these effects are reduced or nullified. We discover that asteroids on highly eccentric orbits can break themselves apart—in a type of YORP-less (Yarkovsky–O’Keefe–Radzievskii–Paddack) rotational fission—without actually entering the Roche radius, with potentially significant consequences for the distribution of debris and energy requirements for gravitational scattering in metal-polluted white dwarf planetary systems. This mechanism provides a steady stream of material impacting a white dwarf without rapidly depleting the number of small bodies in the stellar system.
Stability of Nitrogen in Planetary Atmospheres in Contact with Liquid Water
Authors: Hu Renyu , Diaz Hector Delgado 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Molecular nitrogen is the most commonly assumed background gas that supports habitability on rocky planets. Despite its chemical inertness, nitrogen molecules are broken by lightning, hot volcanic vents, and bolide impacts, and can be converted into soluble nitrogen compounds and then sequestered in the ocean. The very stability of nitrogen, and that of nitrogen-based habitability, is thus called into question. Here we determine the lifetime of molecular nitrogen vis-à-vis aqueous sequestration, by developing a novel model that couples atmospheric photochemistry and oceanic chemistry. We find that HNO, the dominant nitrogen compound produced in anoxic atmospheres, is converted to N2O in the ocean, rather than oxidized to nitrites or nitrates as previously assumed. This N2O is then released back into the atmosphere and quickly converted to N2. We also find that the deposition rate of NO is severely limited by the kinetics of the aqueous-phase reaction that converts NO to nitrites in the ocean. Putting these insights together, we conclude that the atmosphere must produce nitrogen species at least as oxidized as NO2 and HNO2 to enable aqueous sequestration. The lifetime of molecular nitrogen in anoxic atmospheres is determined to be >1 billion years on temperate planets of both Sun-like and M dwarf stars. This result upholds the validity of molecular nitrogen as a universal background gas on rocky planets.
Invasions of gladiolus rust in North America are caused by a widely-distributed clone ofUromycestransversalis
Authors: DeLong Jeffery A. , Stewart Jane E. , Valencia-Botín Alberto , Pedley Kerry F. , Buck James W. , Brewer Marin T. 
Published: November 2019

Uromyces transversalis, the causal agent of Gladiolus rust, is an invasive plant pathogen in the United States and is regulated as a quarantine pathogen in Europe. The aim of this research was to: (i) determine the origin of introductions ofU. transversalisto the United States, (ii) track the movement of genotypes, and (iii) understand the worldwide genetic diversity of the species. To develop molecular markers for genotyping, whole genome sequencing was performed on three isolates collected in the United States. Genomes were assembledde novoand searched for microsatellite regions. Primers were developed and tested on ten isolates from the United States resulting in the identification of 24 polymorphic markers. Among 92 isolates collected from Costa Rica, Mexico, New Zealand, Australia, and the United States there were polymorphisms within isolates with no genotypic diversity detected among isolates; however, missing data among the New Zealand and Australia isolates due to either poor amplification of degraded DNA or null alleles as a result of genetic differences made it difficult to generate conclusions about these populations. The microsatellite loci and flanking regions showed high diversity and two divergent genomes within dikaryotic individuals, yet no diversity among individuals, suggesting that the invasiveU. transversalispopulations from North America are strictly clonal.
Relationship between Spatial Variability Pattern of Wheat Yield and Soil Properties
Authors: Karami Alidad , Afzalinia Sadegh 
Published: November 2019

Aims: Determining effects of spatial variation of some soil properties on wheat quantity and quality variation in order that proper soil and inputs management can be applied for sustainable wheat production.
Study Design: Analyzing data of a field with center pivot irrigation system and uniform management using the geostatistical method.
Place and Duration of Study: Soil and Water Research Department, Fars Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Darab, Iran, from September 2013 to February 2014.
Methodology: Wheat yield data harvested by class lexion 510 combine from 25 m2 plots (11340 locations) with the corresponding geographical location were used. Besides, soil properties and wheat yield were measured at 36 randomly selected points on the field. Interpolation of parameters was predicted with the best semi-variogram model using kriging, inverse distance weighted (IDW), and cokriging methods.
Results: Results showed that wheat yield varied from 2 to 10.08 tons per hectare. Cokriging with cofactor of kernel weight interpolator had more accuracy compared to the combine default interpolator (kriging). A logical, linear correlation was found between different parameters. The best variogram model for pH, OC, and ρb was exponential, for EC, TNV, SP, soil silt and clay percentage was spherical, and for soil, percentage sand was Gaussian model. Data of soil sand, silt, and clay percentage, EC, TNV, and SP had strong spatial structure, and soil pH, OC, and ρb had moderate spatial structure. The best interpolation method for soil pH, EC, sand and silt percentage was kriging method; while, for TNV, SP, OC, ρb, and clay percentage was IDW.
Conclusion: There was a close relationship between wheat yield variation and changes in the soil properties. Soil properties and wheat yield distribution maps provided valuable information which could be used for wheat yield improvement in precision agriculture.
Short-term Influence of Organic Matter and Saline Water on Inorganic Soil Phosphorus Transformation in Barisal and Dumuria Soil Series of Bangladesh
Authors: Khan Md. Zulfikar , Islam Md. Ariful , Hossin Russel , Amin Md. Sadiqul 
Published: November 2019

A laboratory incubation experiment was carried out to investigate the influence of soil salinity and organic matter on inorganic phosphorus transformation with times in two different soil series such as Barisal and Dumuria located in Ganges Tidal Floodplain sites of Bangladesh. Two representative soil samples were collected from surface soil (0-15 cm) with composite sampling. The salinity and organic matter treatments were 4 dS m-1 and 5 t ha-1 (decomposed cow dung) with three replications. The treated soils were then incubated in the laboratory at field capacity moisture condition. To determine the transformation of different forms of inorganic P, sampling was done for 0, 7, 15 and 30 days. Different forms of inorganic P such as soluble and exchangeable phosphorus (SE-P), iron and aluminium bound phosphorus (Fe and Al-P), calcium bound phosphorus (Ca-P) and residual phosphorus (RE-P) were determined at different days of incubation. For Barisal soil series, the sequence of different forms of inorganic P was Ca-P>RE-P>Fe and Al-P>SE-P according to their amount. For Dumuria soil series, the sequence was Ca-P>RE-P>Fe and Al-P>SE-P, respectively. The sequence clearly indicates that the soluble and exchangeable P increases with time due to a combination of salinity and decomposed organic matter which increases the uptake of P and ultimately increases the yield. The changes were statistically significant (P < 0.001) in the case of all three soils.
Effect of Phosphorus Levels on Soil Properties and Plant Tissues of Two Nerica Varieties
Authors: E. Mathew Etabo , N. Wafula Wekha , K. Korir Nicholas , P. Gweyi-Onyango J. 
Published: November 2019

Phosphorus levels in the soil are easily fixed and rendered unavailable to plants even if they are found to be high and therefore, its influence on uptake of other nutrients such as nitrogen, and potassium cannot be overemphasized. In that view, an experiment was set out at KALRO-Mwea to investigate on the effect of phosphorus levels on soil properties and plant tissue nutrient contents of Nerica rice variety. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design in split-split plot arrangement and replicated thrice. Two rice varieties (Nerica 11 and Nerica 4) formed the main plots and 4 phosphorus levels (0 kg P/ha, 25 kg P/ha, 50 kg P/ha and 75 kg P/ha) formed the sub plots. Highest net pH decreases of 0.20 and 0.22 units were recorded at 75 Kg haˉ¹ P2O5 in season 1 and season 2 respectively, while the lowest net decreases of 0.12 and 0.16 were elicited at 50 Kg haˉ¹ P2O5 treatment in season 1 and season 2 respectively. A net decrease was observed in all the CEC levels where phosphorus was applied in all the seasons in which the highest net decrease of 1.09 and 1.03 during season 1 and 2 respectively was elicited on the control treatment, while the lowest net decrease of 0.61 and 0.59 was elicited by the 50 Kg haˉ¹ P2O5 rate in season 1 and 2 respectively. There was an inverse relationship exhibited between the phosphorus level of applications and the soil phosphorus net decrease across the two seasons. The net decrease was highest at 0 Kg haˉ¹ P2O5 and increased significantly with increasing phosphorus rate. That content of soil nitrogen were low with a marginal increase recorded with application of phosphorus across the seasons. The highest net increase of 0.05% was observed at the 75 Kg haˉ¹ P2O5 rate and control in season 1 while the application rate of 50 Kg haˉ¹ P2O5 had the lowest net increase of 0.02% in season 2. Highest mean plant-tissue phosphorus of 62.05 ppm was recorded in Nerica 4 under 75 kg P/ha treatment. Highest plant tissue nitrogen of 0.686% and 0.713% for Nerica 4 and 11 respectively were elicited at 75 kg haˉ¹ P2O5 in season 1, whereas in season 2 the highest plant tissue nitrogen of 0.721% and 0.691% at 75 kg haˉ¹ P2O5 for Nerica 11 and 4 respectively was recorded. Application of phosphorous led to the highest plant-tissue phosphorus in both seasons indicating the importance of proper P fertilizer application where from this study 50-75 kg haˉ¹ P2O5 rate is recommended in rice growing.
Effects of Phosphorus Sources and Application Rates on Nitrogen and Phosphorus Concentrations and Phosphorus Use Efficiency in Rice Plant
Authors: Massawe Prosper I. , Mrema Jerome 
Published: November 2019

A study was conducted to determine the effects of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) concentrations and P use efficiency from Minjingu phosphate rock (MPR), Minjingu mazao and Triple Super Phosphate (TSP) fertilizers under irrigated rice (Oryza sativa L.) production in Lekitatu village, Meru district, Arusha region, Tanzania. The initial soil pH in the two experimental sites was slightly alkaline while total N and available P was low and medium respectively. Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications was adopted and phosphorus was applied at the rates of 0, 20, 40 and 60 kg P ha-1 as MPR, Minjingu mazao and TSP. Nitrogen was applied uniformly at a rate of 60 kg N ha-1 as urea taking into account the 10% N contained in the Minjingu mazao fertilizer. Phosphorus application increased N and P contents in the rice plants and phosphorus use efficiency (PUE) with the increase of P levels from 0 to 60 kg P ha-1 for all P sources. The site 1 had more PUE than site 2 due to higher moisture content. These effects were due to increased availability and nutrients uptake by plants, particularly P. Based on the results, it is recommended that; Minjingu mazao at the rates of 40 to 60 kg P ha-1, MPR and TSP at a rate of 60 kg P ha-1, respectively have to be adopted for sustainable soil P use in rice production areas of Lekitatu village.
Prevalence of Pre - Extensively Drug Resistance Tuberculosis (Pre XDR-TB) & Extensively Drug Resistance Tuberculosis (XDR-TB) among Pulmonary Multidrug Resistance Tuberculosis at a Tertiary Care Hospital, Jamnagar
Authors: Gavali Dipali , Aring Binita , Gadhavi Hiral , Nathamehta Akhlakahemad , Dave Abhishek , Nakhva Aanand 
Published: November 2019

Aims and Objective: Many diseases have a high prevalence in India, accounting for one-fourth of the Tuberculosis (TB) cases in the world. In our study, we aimed to find the prevalence of Pre XDR-TB and XDR-TB amongst newly diagnosed cases of pulmonary MDR-TB who had never been previously treated with second-line drugs. A prospective study was conducted in Culture and Drug susceptibility testing laboratory, Jamnagar and its associated Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis (DR-TB) centre.
Materials and Methods: Baseline second-line liquid culture DST has been recently integrated with the Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme (RNTCP) diagnostic algorithm. We included 500 patients who were diagnosed in cases of pulmonary MDR-TB never exposed to second-line TB-Drugs. Mycobacterial Growth Indicator Tube method conducted in an RNTCP accredited Culture and Drug susceptibility testing laboratory, Jamnagar, as part of the evaluation in the public healthcare system from where patients were referred for diagnosis to us.
Results: 585 MDR suspected sputum samples were received, 466 sputum samples were showing culture positive for acid-fast bacilli which were screened against second-line drug susceptibility testing by using of BACTEC MGIT 960 (MGIT 960) instrument. About 293 Mycobacterium samples were MDR-TB, 151 were Pre- XDR TB and 22 were XDR-TB.
Conclusion: The prevalence of Pre XDR-TB and XDR-TB among MDR-TB patients were 32.4% and 4.7% respectively. The high prevalence of Pre XDR-TB (FQ) is alarming and of concern in the management of MDR-TB control in Jamnagar area.
Assessment of Antioxidant Effects of Aqueous and Ethanolic Extracts of Zingiber officinale Rhizome in Testosterone Induced Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Rat Model
Authors: Obisike U. A. , Boisa N. , Nwachuku E. O. , Nduka N. 
Published: November 2019

Aims: To assess the antioxidant effects of the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Ginger rhizome in testosterone induced prostate hyperplasic male rats.
Study Design: The study was a cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: The experimental aspect of this study was conducted at the animal house, Department of Pharmacology, University of Port Harcourt between April and September, 2019.
Methodology: Sixty (60) adult albino male wistar rats were used for this study. They were divided into 12 groups of 5 rats each and fed with commercial rat diet and clean drinking water. Aqueous and ethanolic extractions of Ginger rhizome seed were prepared using the maceration method. BPH was induced in rats after they submitted to bilateral orchiectomy by daily injections of testosterone propionate (TP) (4 mg/kg b.wt.sc). Rats were treated with 500 or 1500 mg/kg b.wt. of aqueous or ethanoI extracts of Zingiber officinale (Zo) rhizome, dutasteride or in combination. Administration of extracts was done by gavage. Plasma total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, were analysed using sandwich ELISA Kits by Shanghai Korain Biotech Co., Ltd, China, while oxidative stress indices (OSI) were calculated. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 22.0 of Windows Stat Pac and p values <0.05 were considered statistically significant.
Results: The results showed that exogenous induction of BPH in rats significantly increased (p=0.000) plasma TOS and OSI while TAS and SOD activities were reduced. However, 500 and 1500 mg/kg b.wt. of Zo rhizome administered orally after exogenous induction of BPH had been established for 15 days, significantly decreased (p=0.000) TOS, OSI and significantly improved the activities of antioxidant parameters like SOD and TAS. Non-significantly increased mean TAS and SOD were seen in a combination of both extracts with dutasteride, possibly suggestive of synergistic interaction between the herbs and the drug. Simultaneous administration of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Zo rhizome with TP for 30 days also showed antioxidant qualities, although the effects were statistically not better than values for treatments done when BPH was established before treatment. Ethanolic extracts of Zo rhizome produced better antioxidant effects compared to the aqueous extracts.
Conclusion: From the findings, we conclude that Zo rhizome can ameliorate oxidative stress and therefore may be beneficial in the management of benign prostatic hyperplasia.
GC/MS Analysis of n-Hexane and Chloroform Extracts of Chenopodium murale Leaves in Iraq
Authors: Saadi Farhan Muthanna , Haseeb Khamees Amjed , Hussein Ahmed Omar , AmerTawfeeq Amani , Saad Yaseen Yahya 
Published: November 2019

Chenopodium murale L. it is an essential annual herbaceous weed belongs to the genus Chenopodium and family Chenopodiaceae. Chenopodium murale L. commonly called as nettle leaf goosefoot. Aim of this study is the gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy analysis of chemical constituents of Chenopodium murale leaves in two different extracts; n-hexane and chloroform. These extracts contain 37 chemical components which are Monoterpenes, steroids precursor and fatty acids. Furthermore the n- hexane extract revealed about 35.22% of cyclic and acyclic monoterpenoids, fatty acid about 2.07%, also 2.31% of nitrogenous compounds and sterol precursor about 0.41%.
However the chloroform extract revealed the presence of linolenic acid representing 13.54% and neo menthol representing 18.87%, also the other minor components are carvone oxide (0.27%), alpha- pinene epoxide (1.71%), Trans- Squalene (0.77%) and other minor bioactive components.
Development of a dynamic blood vessel phantom for evaluation of moving images
Authors: Osawa Miwa , Kondo Keisuke , Hisaya Sato , Kato Kyoichi 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn coronary angiography (CAG) and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), it is important for radiological technologists to optimize the balance between radiation dose and image quality for physicians to be able to perform CAG and PCI most effectively. Evaluation of image processing is necessary to ensure that technologists can optimally adjust image quality for clinical use to the extent that physicians require. However, few phantoms are available for evaluating fluoroscopic image processing, and this makes it necessary to adjust image quality in clinical settings while utilizing the image processing according to the manufacturer’s recommendations. In this study, we developed a dynamic phantom that mimics a pulsating coronary artery for use in image quality analysis of moving images. We also examined whether processed images (image lag) can be physically analyzed. Two issues require special attention in creating a new phantom: establishing the exact position of the simulated blood vessel in the phantom, and providing good reproducibility. The study used the rotational motion of a disk to generate images, with a circular simulated blood vessel on the rotating acrylic disk, with the center of the simulated blood vessel shifted from the center of the acrylic disk. This enabled the reproduction of translational motion of the simulated blood vessel. As a result, because this phantom has signals and afterimages at the same position (of a simulated blood vessel), a quantitative evaluation of the afterimages became possible. In the evaluation of the image processing with the angiograph, it was shown that evaluations of image lag which are typically performed in clinical settings can be performed with the dynamic blood vessel phantom.
Catalytic Enantioselective Conjugate Addition of Stereodefined Di‐ and Trisubstituted Alkenylaluminum Compounds to Acyclic Enones
Authors: McGrath Kevin P. , Hubbell Aran K. , Zhou Yuebiao , Santos Damián Padín , Torker Sebastian , Romiti Filippo , Hoveyda Amir H. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractCatalytic enantioselective conjugate addition (ECA) reactions with readily accessible and stereochemically defined E‐, Z‐, di‐ and trisubstituted alkenyl aluminum compounds are disclosed. Transformations are promoted by various NHC‐copper catalysts (NHC=N‐heterocyclic carbene), which are derived from enantiomerically pure sulfonate imidazolinium salts. The desired products were obtained in up to 89% yield and >99:1 e.r.; the alkenyl moiety was transferred with complete retention of its stereochemical identity in all instances. The scope and limitations of the approach, key mechanistic attributes, and representative functionalization are presented as well.magnified image