bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physical, nutritional, and sensory quality of rice‐based biscuits fortified with safou (Dacryodes edulis) fruit powder
Authors: Eyenga Eliane‐Flore , Tang Erasmus Nchuaji , Achu Mercy Bih Loh , Boulanger Renaud , Mbacham Wilfred F. , Ndindeng Sali Atanga 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe reduction of postharvest losses in rice and safou is imperative to increase productivity in their respective value chains. In this study, fine broken rice grains were used to produce rice flour and subsequently rice‐based biscuits. The biscuits were further fortified with safou powder, and the physical, nutritional, and sensory quality and stability during storage of the different types of biscuits were analyzed using standard methods. Fine or nonsandy biscuits had peak particle size of 500 µm, while medium (slightly sandy) and large (sandy) biscuits had peak particle sizes of 1,000 µm and 1,400 µm, respectively. The hardness varied from 5.7 ± 2.3 N for biscuits with large particles to 16.1 ± 4.4 N for biscuits with fine particles. Fortification of biscuits with sour safou increased the protein and amino acid content of the biscuits. Tryptophan was absent in both safou and the biscuits produced. There was an increase in phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, copper, iron, manganese, and aluminum following fortification with safou. Nonsandy biscuits dissolved faster in the mouth (melt) during consumption than the other biscuits although most of the biscuits were perceived to be low in melting and buttery. Nonsandy biscuits were rated as “very good,” while slightly sandy and sandy were rated as “good.” Safou rice‐based biscuits were perceived as “very good,” while simple rice biscuits were perceived as “good.” Fortification of rice biscuits with safou increased the protein, essential amino acid, and mineral contents of the biscuits with very appreciable taste. These biscuits can be used to help fight protein, iron, and zinc malnutrition and in mitigating postharvest losses of underutilized broken rice and safou especially sour safou.
Sclerosing TSC1 mutated renal cell carcinoma: An unusual pattern mimicking MITF family translocation renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Williamson Sean R. , Cardili Leonardo , Whiteley Lisa J. , Sanchez Jessica , Kis Olena 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe tuberous sclerosis genes and MTOR are increasingly being found to have important roles in novel subtypes of renal cancer, particularly emerging entities eosinophilic solid and cystic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and high‐grade oncocytic renal tumor (HOT)/RCC with eosinophilic and vacuolated cytoplasm. We report a unique renal neoplasm in a 66‐year‐old woman that initially mimicked MITF family translocation RCC due to mixed clear and eosinophilic cells, extensive stromal hyalinization, and psammoma bodies, yet which was negative for TFE3 and TFEB fluorescence in situ hybridization and a next generation sequencing (NGS) gene fusion assay. Cytoplasmic stippling triggered consideration of TSC‐associated neoplasms, and a targeted NGS assay revealed a variant in exon 21 of TSC1 resulting in c.2626G>T p.(Glu876*) truncating mutation. This report adds to the morphologic spectrum of TSC‐related renal neoplasms, including prominent stromal hyalinization as a potentially deceptive pattern. Due to the overlap in cytoplasmic stippling between eosinophilic solid and cystic RCC and HOT/RCC with eosinophilic and vacuolated cytoplasm, it is debatable which category this example would best fit. Further understanding of these entities and other renal neoplasms with alterations in the TSC genes will elucidate whether they should be considered a family of tumors.
Inhibition of Sphingosine‐1‐Phosphate‐Induced Th17 Cells Ameliorates Alcohol‐Associated Steatohepatitis in Mice
Authors: Chu Shenghui , Sun Rui , Gu Xuemei , Chen Liang , Liu Min , Guo HaiXun , Ju Songwen , Vatsalya Vatsalya , Feng Wenke , McClain Craig J. , Deng Zhongbin 
Published: May 2020

Background and Aims
Chronic alcohol consumption is accompanied by intestinal inflammation. However, little is known about how alterations to the intestinal immune system and sphingolipids contribute to the pathogenesis of alcohol‐associated liver disease (ALD).

Approach and Results
We used wild‐type mice, retinoid‐related orphan receptor gamma t (RORγt)‐deficient mice, sphingosine kinase–deficient mice, and local gut anti‐inflammatory, 5‐aminosalicyclic acid–treated mice in a chronic‐binge ethanol feeding model. Targeted lipidomics assessed the sphingolipids in gut and liver samples. Gut immune cell populations, the amounts of sphingolipids, and the level of liver injury were examined. Alcohol intake induces a pro‐inflammatory shift in immune cell populations in the gut, including an increase in Th17 cells. Using RORγt‐deficient mice, we found that Th17 cells are required for alcohol‐associated gut inflammation and the development of ALD. Treatment with 5‐aminosalicyclic acid decreases alcohol‐induced liver injury and reverses gut inflammation by the suppression of CD4+/RORγt+/interleukin‐17A+ cells. Increased Th17 cells were due to up‐regulation of sphingosine kinase 1 activity and RORγt activation. We found that S1P/S1PR1 signaling is required for the development of Th17 cell–mediated ALD. Importantly, in vivo intervention blocking of S1P/S1PR1 signaling markedly attenuated alcohol‐induced liver inflammation, steatosis, and damage.

Conclusions
Gut inflammation is a functional alteration of immune cells in ALD. Reducing gut Th17 cells leads to reduced liver damage. S1P signaling was crucial in the pathogenesis of ALD in a Th17 cell–dependent manner. Furthermore, our findings suggest that compounds that reduce gut inflammation locally may represent a unique targeted approach in the treatment of ALD.
Effects of intrauterine exposure to 2,3′,4,4′,5‐pentachlorobiphenyl on the reproductive system and sperm epigenetic imprinting of male offspring
Authors: He Qi‐Long , Lyu Tian‐Qi , Zhang Yong‐Tao , Wang Hai‐Quan , Zhou Qian , Zhang Jian‐Mei , Liu Yuan‐Yuan , Li Jia‐Shuo , Jiang Li‐Gang , Cheng Dong , Ge Zhao‐Jia , Liu Shu‐Zhen 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPolychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a class of persistent organic environmental pollutants with a total of 209 homologs. The homolog 2,3′,4,4′,5‐pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB118) is one of the most important dioxin‐like PCBs and is highly toxic. PCB118 can accumulate in human tissues, serum and breast milk, which leads to direct exposure of the fetus during development. In the present study, pregnant mice were exposed to 0, 20 and 100 μg/kg/day of PCB118 during the stage of fetal primordial germ cell migration. Compared with the control group, we found morphological alterations of the seminiferous tubules and a higher sperm deformity rate in the male offspring in the treatment groups. Furthermore, the methylation patterns in the treatment groups of the imprinted genes H19 and Gtl2 in the sperm were altered in the male offspring. We also characterized the disturbance of the expression levels of DNA methyltransferase 1 (Dnmt1), Dnmt3a, Dnmt3b, Dnmt3l, and Uhrf1. The results indicated that intrauterine exposure to low doses of PCB118 could significantly damage the reproductive health of the male offspring. Therefore, attention should be paid to the adverse effects of PCB118 exposure during pregnancy on the reproductive system of male offspring.
Hyperspectral imaging and characterization of allergic contact dermatitis in the short‐wave infrared
Authors: Du Tommy , Mishra Deependra K. , Shmuylovich Leonid , Yu Andy , Hurbon Helena , Wang Steven T. , Berezin Mikhail Y. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractShort‐wave infrared hyperspectral imaging is applied to diagnose and monitor a case of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) due to poison ivy exposure in one subject. This approach directly demonstrates increased tissue fluid content in ACD lesional skin with a spectral signature that matches the spectral signature of intradermally injected normal saline. The best contrast between the affected and unaffected skin is achieved through a selection of specific wavelengths at 1070, 1340 and 1605 nm and combining them in a pseudo‐red‐green‐blue color space. An image derived from these wavelengths normalized to unaffected skin defines a “tissue fluid index” that may aid in the quantitative diagnosis and monitoring of ACD. Further clinical testing of this promising approach towards disease detection and monitoring with tissue fluid content quantification is warranted.
Surface‐enhanced Raman scattering analysis of serum albumin via adsorption‐exfoliation on hydroxyapatite nanoparticles for noninvasive cancers screening
Authors: Gao Siqi , Zheng Mengmeng , Lin Yamin , Lin Kecan , Zeng Jinshu , Xie Shusen , Yu Yun , Lin Juqiang 
Published: May 2020

AbstractCombining serum albumin via adsorption‐exfoliation on hydroxyapatite particles (HAp) with surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), we developed a novel quantitative analysis of albumin method from blood serum for cancers screening applications. The quantitatively analysis obtained by our HAp method had a good linear relationship from 1 to 10 g/dL, and the lower limit of detection was less than the albumin prognostic factor for disease (3.5 g/dL). Serum albumin was adsorbed and exfoliated by HAp from serum samples of liver cancer patients, breast cancer patients and healthy volunteers and mixed with silver colloids to perform SERS spectral analysis. Based on the PLS‐SVM algorithm, the diagnostic accuracies of liver cancer patients and breast cancer patients were 100% and 96.68%, respectively. Moreover, this algorithm successfully predicted the unidentified subjects with a diagnostic accuracy of 93.75%. This exploratory work demonstrated that HAp‐adsorbed‐exfoliated serum proteins combined with SERS spectroscopy has great potential for cancer screening.
Effects of different chemical groups on behaviors of bladder cancer cells
Authors: Cao Hui , Huang Denggao , Guo Lifang , Gao Yuanhui , Zheng Linlin , Xiao Jingchuan , Zhang Shufang , Yu Xiaolong 
Published: May 2020

AbstractChemical groups of microenvironment play an important role in the adhesion, proliferation, and apoptosis of tumor cells. The different chemical groups (CH3, OH, COOH) were grafted on the surfaces with the same density by self‐assembly monolayer (SAM) technique to introduce the influence of different microenvironments of the human bladder cancer (5637) cells. The results indicated that the 5637 cells on COOH surface exhibited the lowest proliferation rate and the highest apoptosis rate on the first and fifth day because of negative charge and polarity of the COOH group, which might help optimize biomedicine materials and find new methods to treat bladder cancer.
Gelatin hydrogel membrane containing carbonate hydroxyapatite for nerve regeneration scaffold
Authors: Ardhani Retno , Ana Ika Dewi , Tabata Yasuhiko 
Published: May 2020

AbstractA scaffold that mimics physicochemical structure of nerve and supplies calcium ions in axonal environment is an attractive alternative for nerve regeneration, especially when applied in critical nerve defect. Various scaffold material, design, including their combination with several growth‐induced substances and cells application have been being investigated and used in the area of nerve tissue engineering. However, the development remains challenges today because they are still far from ideal concerning their stability, reproducibility, including complicated handling related to the poor mechanical strength. In view of the current basis, in this study, the introduction of carbonated hydroxyapatite (CHA) as promising candidate to increase mechanical properties of nerve scaffold is reported. The incorporation of CHA was not only expected to provide better mechanical properties of the scaffold. Under physiological condition, CHA is known to be the most stable phases of calcium phosphate compound. Therefore, CHA was expected to provide controlled release calcium for better axonal environment and promote fasten nerve regeneration. This study shows that CHA incorporated gelatin membrane has ideal microstructure to prevent fibrous tissue ingrowth into the injury site, while retaining its capability to survive nerve tissue by allowing adequate glucose and specific proteins diffusion. The provided Ca2+ release to the environment promoted neuronal growth, without suppressing acetylcholine esterase release activity. Neurite elongation was dramatically higher in the gelatin membrane incorporated with CHA. Introduction of CHA into gelatin membrane represents a new generation medical device for nerve reconstruction, with CHA was considered as a promising factor.
Self‐assembly of multiscale anisotropic hydrogels through interfacial polyionic complexation
Authors: Patel Akhil , Sant Vinayak , Velankar Sachin , Dutta Mayuri , Balasubramanian Vibishan , Sane Piyusha , Agrawal Vishi , Wilson Jamir , Rohan Lisa C. , Sant Shilpa 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPolysaccharides are explored for various tissue engineering applications due to their inherent cytocompatibility and ability to form bulk hydrogels. However, bulk hydrogels offer poor control over their microarchitecture and multiscale hierarchy, parameters important to recreate extracellular matrix‐mimetic microenvironment. Here, we developed a versatile platform technology to self‐assemble oppositely charged polysaccharides into multiscale fibrous hydrogels with controlled anisotropic microarchitecture. We employed polyionic complexation through microfluidic flow of positively charged polysaccharide, chitosan, along with one of the three negatively charged polysaccharides: alginate, gellan gum, and kappa carrageenan. These hydrogels were composed of microscale fibers, which in turn were made of submicron fibrils confirming multiscale hierarchy. Fibrous hydrogels showed strong tensile mechanical properties, which were further modulated by encapsulation of shape‐specific antioxidant cerium oxide nanoparticles (CNPs). Specifically, hydrogels with chitosan and gellan gum showed more than eight times higher tensile strength compared to the other two pairs. Incorporation of sphere‐shaped cerium oxide nanoparticles in chitosan and gellan gum further reinforced fibrous hydrogels and increased their tensile strength by 40%. Altogether, our automated hydrogel fabrication platform allows fabrication of bioinspired biomaterials with scope for one‐step encapsulation of small molecules and nanoparticles without chemical modification or use of chemical crosslinkers.
Paclitaxel‐loaded polypeptide‐polyacrylamide nanomicelles overcome drug‐resistance by enhancing lysosomal membrane permeability and inducing apoptosis
Authors: Abbasi Sahar , Yousefi Gholamhossein , Tamaddon Ali‐mohammad , Firuzi Omidreza 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe aim of the current project was to investigate the in vitro properties of Paclitaxel (PTX)‐loaded pHPMA5kD‐pHis5kD‐pLeu3kD nanomicelles (NMs) on multidrug resistance cell line. Circular dichroism analysis was done to investigate the effect of pH on the secondary structure of the copolymer. Cytotoxicity assay together with fluorescence imaging and flow cytometry were performed to get an insight about toxicity and cellular uptake mechanism of NMs. Acridine orange assay, rhodamine 123 (Rh123) accumulation assay, and apoptosis analysis were conducted for further investigation. It was found that the secondary structure of the copolymer changed in response to pH, PTX‐loaded NMs had higher cytotoxicity on both drug‐sensitive (MES‐SA and MCF‐7) and multidrug resistant cells (MES‐SA/DX5) compared to free PTX, and interestinly free copolymer inhibited the growth of MES‐SA/DX5 cells while it was nontoxic on drug‐sensitive cells. Moreover, the copolymer was able to induce lysosome membrane permeation and increase Rh123 accumulation inside cells indicating inhibition of the P‐gp efflux pumps. Finally, apoptosis was strongly induced in MES‐SA/DX5 cells upon treatment with PTX‐loaded NMs. It can be concluded that the designed hybrid copolymer is a good candidate for in vivo assay and developing a powerful system against multidrug resistance tumors.
Fabrication of self‐healing hydrogel from quaternized N‐[3(dimethylamino)propyl]methacrylamide copolymer for antimicrobial and drug release applications
Authors: An Heng , Yang Yan , Bo Yunyi , Ma Xiangbo , Wang Yong , Liu Longmei , Wang Haijun , He Yingna , Qin Jianglei 
Published: May 2020

AbstractSelf‐healing hydrogels have attracted great attention in recent years because of their wide application in bioscience and biotechnology. In this study, P(DMAPMA‐stat‐DAA) were synthesized by Reversible Addition‐Fragmentation Chain Transfer (RAFT) polymerization and quaternized to import antimicrobial properties. Then quaternized P(DMAPMA‐stat‐DAA) was used to prepare hydrogel containing acylhydrazone groups with Polyethylene oxide (PEO) diacylhydrazide as a cross‐linking agent. The acylhydrazone groups imparted a variety of properties, including group responsiveness and self‐healing properties to the hydrogel. At the same time, the quaternary ammonium endowed the hydrogel with the antimicrobial property. The mechanical property, self‐healing properties, and antimicrobial property of hydrogels were investigated intensively. Results showed hydrogels formed in neutral conditions, and the luminescent property was introduced with PEO23 dinaphthhydrazide (DNH) cross‐linking. The hydrogels showed a controlled pH‐sensitive DOX·HC l and Ovalbumin (OVA) release profile. In addition, the hydrogel showed the antimicrobial property and may have important applications in the biomedical field in the near future.
3Dprinting of high‐strength, porous, elastomeric structures to promote tissue integration of implants
Authors: Abar Bijan , Alonso‐Calleja Alejandro , Kelly Alexander , Kelly Cambre , Gall Ken , West Jennifer L. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractDespite advances in biomaterials research, there is no ideal device for replacing weight‐bearing soft tissues like menisci or intervertebral discs due to poor integration with tissues and mechanical property mismatch. Designing an implant with a soft and porous tissue‐contacting structure using a material conducive to cell attachment and growth could potentially address these limitations. Polycarbonate urethane (PCU) is a soft and tough biocompatible material that can be 3D printed into porous structures with controlled pore sizes. Porous biomaterials of appropriate chemistries can support cell proliferation and tissue ingrowth, but their optimal design parameters remain unclear. To investigate this, porous PCU structures were 3D‐printed in a crosshatch pattern with a range of in‐plane pore sizes (0 to 800 μm) forming fully interconnected porous networks. Printed porous structures had ultimate tensile strengths ranging from 1.9 to 11.6 MPa, strains to failure ranging from 300 to 486%, Young's moduli ranging from 0.85 to 12.42 MPa, and porosity ranging from 13 to 71%. These porous networks can be loaded with hydrogels, such as collagen gels, to provide additional biological support for cells. Bare PCU structures and collagen‐hydrogel‐filled porous PCU support robust NIH/3T3 fibroblast cell line proliferation over 14 days for all pore sizes. Results highlight PCU's potential in the development of tissue‐integrating medical implants.
Study on the enhancement of colloidal stable poly(sodium 4‐styrene sulfonate) coated magnetite nanoparticles and regeneration capability for rapid magnetophoretic removal of organic dye
Authors: Chong Wai Hong , Ng Qi Hwa , Lim Jit Kang , Yeap Swee Pin , Low Siew Chun 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDA good colloidal stability of magnetite nanoparticles (MNPs) dispersion is of utmost importance for its environmentally related applications. In the present work, a water‐soluble anionic polyelectrolyte, poly(sodium 4‐styrene sulfonate) (PSS), was used to stabilize dispersions of MNPs in a pH‐dependent aqueous medium.RESULTSAn excellent methylene blue (MB) dye removal efficiency at equilibrium of up to 94% has been observed by the colloidally stabilized nano‐magnetites. Dynamic light scattering and electrophoretic analysis showed that the PSS‐coated MNPs exhibited better colloidal stability, with an almost constant hydrodynamic diameter of ~150 nm and insignificant clustering behavior throughout the measuring time scale of 5 h. Transmission electron microscopy evidenced the success coating of PSS onto MNPs. In terms of its chemical resistance, the PSS‐coated MNPs were able to tolerate a wide pH range from 2 to 10. This work depicts a simple physiochemical coating method to stabilize dispersions of nano‐magnetites, which promoted a better MB adsorption capacity of PSS‐coated MNPs at 14.9 mg g–1 than the naked MNPs at 10.38 mg g–1. The adsorption process follows Langmuir isotherm and pseudo‐second‐order reaction kinetics with both correlations R2 > 0.99. PSS‐coated MNPs demonstrated outstanding regeneration capacity for four batch adsorption cycles with an almost consistent MB removal efficiency higher than 85%.CONCLUSIONThis in‐house developed nano‐sorbent has potential in economical applications with a less budgeted adsorbent replacement (at least 4 cycles of regeneration) for low‐cost separation of pollutants, such as MB from polluted water. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Mass transfer efficiency inside the polyvinyl alcohol‐sodium alginate carriers: kinetic changes of immobilized anammox bacteria
Authors: Chen Wen‐Hsing , Lin Jih‐Gaw , Wei Yi‐Lin , Chen Shen‐Yi 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDMass transfer inside the plain polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)‐sodium alginate (SA) carriers was determined to correlate with nitrogen removal by anaerobic ammonium‐oxidation (anammox) bacteria in this study. The anammox bacteria immobilized by the PVA‐SA material for nitrogen removal were inoculated into a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) operated at a hydraulic retention time of 4 days and a temperature of 35 ± 1 °C while another identical reactor inoculated with the un‐immobilized biomass was run for comparison.RESULTSResults show that the total nitrogen removals were 81 and 92% for the immobilized and un‐immobilized biomass, respectively, when the ammonium‐ and nitrite‐nitrogen, both at 200 mg N L−1, were fed into the SBRs. The poorer performance observed from the immobilized biomass was due to the lower mass transfer efficiency. The obtained diffusion coefficient of the ammonium‐nitrogen and specific surface area were 15.2 × 10−6 cm2 s−1 and 29.35 m2 g−1 gel beads, respectively. In addition, the mass transfer efficiency influenced the kinetics of the immobilized anammox bacteria. Results indicate that the ammonium‐nitrogen removal rate of the un‐immobilized biomass was 28 to 34% greater than that of the immobilized biomass, while the nitrite‐nitrogen removal rate was greater by 9 to 24% for the un‐immobilized biomass. This influence was more significant at high levels of ammonium‐ and nitrite‐nitrogen concentrations.CONCLUSIONIncreasing the mass transfer efficiency inside the plain PVA‐SA carriers was needed before using the PVA‐SA carriers to immobilize anammox bacteria. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry