bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An endoscopic dilation method using the rendezvous approach for the treatment of severe anastomotic stenosis after rectal cancer surgery: A case report
Authors: Nakashima Takuya , Matsuhahshi Nobuhisa , Suetsugu Tomonari , Iwata Yoshinori , Kiyama Shigeru , Takahashi Takao , Fukada Masahiro , Yasufuku Itaru , Sato Yuta , Imai Takeharu , Tanaka Yoshihiro , Okumura Naoki , Kubota Masaya , Ibuka Takashi , Shimizu Masato , Yoshida Kazuhiro 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Postoperative anastomotic stenosis is a common complication in colorectal cancer patients (3-30%). Complete anastomotic stenosis is rare; however, when it occurs, almost all cases require surgical treatment. We herein report a case in which endoscopic dilation was effective for treating complete anastomotic stenosis after high anterior resection in a rectal cancer patient.Case presentation: The patient was a 67-year-old man who underwent laparoscopic high anterior resection for rectal cancer (RS, T4a, N0, M0, Stage IIB (TNM Classification of Malignant Tumors)) in May 2018. The postoperative course was good and the patient was discharged on the 12th postoperative day. Subsequently adjuvant chemotherapy was initiated with oral uracil and tegafur plus leucovorin (UFT/LV); however, he complained of frequent defecation and melena after completion of the first course of chemotherapy. Thus, colonoscopy was performed, which revealed anastomotic stenosis. Endoscopic dilation was initially attempted, but failed. Thus, low anterior resection was performed with diverting colostomy. Four additional courses of chemotherapy were administered for one month after surgery. At six months after the second surgery, colonoscopy was performed, and complete anastomotic stenosis was pointed out again. The patient was successfully treated by endoscopic dilation using the rendezvous method. After this treatment, the lumen of the anastomotic site was observed to have narrowed again and endoscopic dilatation to treat anastomotic stenosis was repeated. In addition, he received local injection of steroids in anastomotic stenosis site. The lumen of anastomotic stenosis remained after the local injection of steroids and closure of colostomy was performed nine months after the second operation.Conclusions: Endoscopic dilation using the rendezvous method was effective for treating anastomotic stenosis after colorectal surgery.
A multidisciplinary approach for non-responders after bariatric surgery: why does it matter?
Authors: Romeijn Marleen , Uittenbogaart Martine , Dielen François M. H. van , Luijten Arijan A. P. M. , Janssen Loes , Leclercq Wouter K. G. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: 20-30% of patients show a lack of response after bariatric surgery. These non-responders may experience insufficient weight loss or significant weight regain. While ongoing studies about the beneficial effect of revisional surgery on non-response are being reported, studies about the contributiveness of a multidisciplinary approach fall behind. The aim of this study was to describe the effect of a multidisciplinary approach on treatment strategy in non-responders after gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy.Methods: this retrospective study included non-responders that were reviewed in a multidisciplinary team meeting. Outcomes assessed were: given treatment (conservative versus operative), weight loss and complications after operative treatment. Outcomes were described separately for primary non- responders and secondary non-responders.Results: a total of 104 patients were included (n=15 primary, n=89 secondary non-response). Eleven patients underwent revisional surgery (13%), while 73 patients received conservative treatment as they were not eligible for surgery due to lifestyle and/or behavioural factors. Twenty patients did not show up at their appointment with the dietician, physical therapist and/or medical psychologist and were excluded from further analysis. Conservatively treated patients lost 2.1kg <12 months (SD=7.29) and 0.8kg <24 months (SD=5.08). Surgically treated patients lost 12.0kg <12 months (SD=4.29) and 26.3kg <24 months (SD=2.75). One complication occurred in a patient that underwent revisional surgery.Conclusions: a conservative treatment was more frequently proposed by the multidisciplinary team than a surgical treatment. A multidisciplinary approach can be beneficial for the identification of lifestyle and/or behavioural factors contributing to the development of non-response. More studies would help to establish the position of a multidisciplinary approach in the treatment of non-responders in future practices.
Adolescent BMI and Early-Onset Type 2 Diabetes Among Ethiopian Immigrants and Their Descendants: A Nationwide Study.
Authors: Simchoni Maya , Hamiel Uri , Pinhas-Hamiel Orit , Zucker Inbar , Cukierman-Yaffe Tali , Lutski Miri , Derazne Estela , Beer Zivan , Behar Doron , Keinan-Boker Lital , Mosenzon Ofri , Tzur Dorit , Afek Arnon , Tirosh Amir , Raz Itamar , Twig Gilad 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: We assessed in a nationwide cohort the association between adolescent BMI and early-onset (<40 years) type 2 diabetes among Israelis of Ethiopian origin. Methods: Normoglycemic adolescents (range 16-20 years old), including 93,806 native Israelis (≥3 rd generation in Israel) and 27,684 Israelis of Ethiopian origin, were medically assessed for military service between 1996 and 2011. Weight and height were measured. Data were linked to the Israeli National Diabetes Registry. Incident type 2 diabetes by December 31, 2016 was the outcome. Cox regression models stratified by sex and BMI categories were applied. Results: 226 (0.29%) men and 79 (0.18%) women developed diabetes during 992,980 and 530,814 person-years follow-up, respectively, at a mean age of 30.4 and 27.4 years, respectively. Among native Israeli men with normal and high (overweight and obese) BMI, diabetes incidence was 9.5 and 62.0 (per 10 5 person-years), respectively. The respective incidences were 46.9 and 112.3 among men of Ethiopian origin. After adjustment for sociodemographic confounders, the hazard ratios for type 2 diabetes among Ethiopian men with normal and high BMI were 3.4 (2.3-5.1) and 15.8 (8.3-30.3) respectively, compared to third-generation Israelis with normal BMI. When this analysis was limited to Israeli-born Ethiopian men, the hazard ratios were 4.4 (1.7-11.4) and 29.1 (12.9-70.6), respectively. Results persisted when immigrants of other white Caucasian origin were the reference; and among women with normal, but not high, BMI. Conclusions: Ethiopian origin is a risk factor for early-onset type 2 diabetes among young men at any BMI, and may require selective interventions.
Behavioral Responses of Javanese Medaka (Oryzias Javanicus) Versus Zebrafish (Danio Rerio) in Open Field Test.
Authors: Sataa Nurul Syafida Asma’ Mohd , Bakar Noraini Abu , Hodin Nur Atikah Saleh , Ramlan Nurul Farhana , Ibrahim Wan Norhamidah Wan 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Locomotion is integral for animal survivability. However, the understandings of locomotor that lead to exhibition of multiple complex behaviors of fish models in response to an open field environment still remain unresolved. To determine whether two different fish models, Javanese medaka and zebrafish have similar baseline locomotor activity in open field paradigm, an open field test was used. Results: Results showed that Javanese medaka exhibit increased in exploratory activity with lower anxiety responses; exhibit a steady habituation response in OFT paradigm and vice versa in zebrafish. Medaka also took longer duration to establish home-base in comparison to the zebrafish. Although no other motor responses were observed, both fish species displayed strong preference of left eye used to assess the OFT tank. Conclusion: Medaka exhibits slower locomotors activity, lower anxiety responses and steadily maintains its locomotion once they reached habituation. In comparison, zebrafish demonstrated bolder behavioral phenotypes where they showed faster locomotors activity, higher anxiety responses with similar habituation response to the Javanese medaka. Thus, this present study revealed that two different teleost aquatic model organisms, Javanese medaka and zebrafish have different behavioral phenotypes in open field test.
Men’s reproductive coercion of women. Prevalence, experiences, and coping strategies. A mixed method study in urban health facilities in León, Nicaragua
Authors: Brenner Cecilia , G. William J. Ugarte , Carlsson Ida , Salazar Mariano 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BackgroundReproductive coercion (RC) is quite a common form of violence against women. However, it mostly goes unrecognized by victims. It can take several expressions aiming at limiting a woman’s reproductive autonomy. Thus, the frequency and how reproductive coercion can be resisted must be investigated. There is limited research regarding RC in Latin America. Therefore, this study aimed to measure RC prevalence and associated factors and to explore the women experiences and coping strategies for RC.MethodsA convergent mixed-methods approach with parallel sampling was conducted in western Nicaragua. A quantitative phase was applied with 390 women 18–35 years old attending three main urban primary health care facilities. Lifetime and 12 months of exposure to RC behaviors including pregnancy promotion (PP) and contraceptive sabotage (CS) were assessed. Poisson regression with a robust variance estimator was used to obtain adjusted prevalence rate ratios and 95% Confidence Intervals (CIs). In addition, seven in-depth interviews were analyzed using content analysis.ResultsEver RC prevalence was 17.4% (95% CI, 13.8–21.6) with similar proportions reporting ever experiencing PP (12.6%, 95% CI 9.4–16.3) or ever experiencing CS (11.8%, 95% CI 8.7–15.4). The prevalence of last twelve months RC was slightly lower (12.3%, 95% CI, 9.2–16.0) than above. Twelve months PP (7.4%, 95% CI 5.0-10.5) and CS (8.7%, 95% CI 6.1–12.0) were also similar. Women considered that control is an expression of care. Women’s higher education was a protective factor against ever and 12 months of exposure to any RC behaviors by a current or former partner. Informants described a broad spectrum of coping strategies during and after exposure to RC. However, these rarely succeeded in preventing unintended pregnancies or regain women’s long-term fertility autonomy.ConclusionsIn Nicaragua, men’s RC is a pervasive continuous phenomenon that can be enacted through explicit or subtle behaviors. Women used different strategies to cope with RC but rarely succeeded in preventing unintended pregnancies or regain their long-term fertility autonomy. Thus, these findings highlight the need for a comprehensive health system response on different expressions of RC. There are important implications for improving female reproductive agency in Nicaragua and elsewhere.
AAV9-Retro mediates efficient transduction with axon terminal absorption and blood–brain barrier transportation
Authors: Lin Kunzhang , Zhong Xin , Li Lei , Ying Min , Yang Tian , Zhang Zhijian , He Xiaobin , Xu Fuqiang 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Recombinant adeno-associated viruses (rAAVs), particularly those that permit efficient gene transfer to neurons from axonal terminals or across the blood–brain barrier, are useful vehicles for structural and functional studies of the neural circuit and for the treatment of many gene-deficient brain diseases that need to compensate for the correct genes in every cell in the whole brain. However, AAVs with these two advantages have not been reported. Here, we describe a new capsid engineering method, which exploits the combination of different capsids and aims to yield a capsid that can provide more alternative routes of administration that are more suitable for the wide-scale transduction of the central nervous system (CNS). A new AAV variant, AAV9-Retro, was developed by inserting the 10-mer peptide fragment from AAV2-Retro into the capsid of AAV9, and the biodistribution properties were evaluated in mice. By intracranial and intravenous injection in the mice, we found that AAV9-Retro can retrogradely infect projection neurons with an efficiency comparable to that of AAV2-Retro and retains the characteristic of AAV9, which can be transported across the nervous system. Our strategy provides a new tool for the manipulation of neural circuits and future preclinical and clinical treatment of some neurological and neurodegenerative disorders.
Comparison of prognostic impact of anatomic location of the pancreas on postoperative pancreatic fistula in laparoscopic and open gastrectomy
Authors: Kinoshita Jun , Yamaguchi Takahisa , Saito Hiroto , Moriyama Hideki , Shimada Mari , Terai Shiro , Okamoto Koichi , Nakanuma Shinichi , Makino Isamu , Nakamura Keishi , Tajima Hidehiro , Ninomiya Itasu , Fushida Sachio 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) is a serious complication after gastric cancer surgery. The current study aimed to investigate the significance of the anatomic location of the pancreas as a predictor for POPF in both laparoscopic gastrectomy (LG) and open gastrectomy (OG).Methods: In total, 233 patients with gastric cancer were assessed retrospectively. We measured the maximum vertical (P-L height; PLH) and horizontal length (P-L depth; PLD) between the upper border of pancreas and the root of left gastric artery on a preoperative CT in the sagittal direction. The maximum length of the vertical line between the surface of the pancreas and the aorta (P-A length), previously reported as prognostic factor of POPF, was also measured. We investigated the correlations between these parameters and the incidence of POPF in LG and OG groups. Results: Among the patients in this study, 118 underwent OG and 115 underwent LG. In LG, the median PLH and P-A length in patients with POPF were significantly longer compared with those without POPF (p=0.026, 0.034, respectively), but not in OG. There was no significant difference in the median PLD between the patients with or without POPF in both LG and OG. The multivariate analysis demonstrated that PLH (odds ratio [OR] 4.19, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.57–11.3, P=0.004) and P-A length (OR 4.06, 95%CI 1.05–15.7, P=0.042] were independent factors for predicting POPF in LG. However, intraoperative blood loss (OR 2.55, 95%CI 1.05–6.18, P=0.038) was extracted as an independent factor in OG. The median amylase level in the drained fluid (D-Amy) were significantly higher in patients with high PLH(≥12.4 mm) or high P-A length (≥45 mm) compared with those with low PLH or low P-A length in LG. However, there were no differences in the D-Amy levels by PLH or P-A length in OG patients.Conclusions: The anatomic location of the pancreas is a specific and independent predictor of POPF in LG but not in OG. PLH is a simple parameter that can evaluate the anatomic position of the pancreas, and it may be useful for preventing POPF after LG.
Production and identification of two antifungal terpenoids from the Posidonia oceanica epiphytic Ascomycota Mariannaea humicola IG100.
Authors: Botta Lorenzo , Saladino Raffaele , Barghini Paolo , Fenice Massimiliano , Pasqualetti Marcella 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Marine fungi are an important repository of bioactive molecules with great potential in different technological fields, the annual number of new compounds isolated from marine fungi is impressive and the general trend indicates that it is still on the rise. In this context, the antifungal and antimicrobial activity of the marine strain Mariannaea humicola IG100 was evaluated and two active terpenoids were isolated and characterized.Methods: Preliminary screening of activity of marine strain IG100 was carried out by agar plug diffusion methods against fungal (P. griseofulvum TSF04) and bacterial (Bacillus pumilus KB66 and Escherichia coli JM109) strains. Subsequently, inhibition tests were done by using the cultural broth and the organic extract (ethyl acetate, EtOAc) by the agar well diffusion methods. The main active fractions were identified and tested for their antifungal activity against P. griseofulvum TSF04 in a 24 wells microplate at different concentrations (1000, 100, 10 and 1.0 µg/mL). Two active compounds were characterized and their relative MIC measured by the broth micro-dilution methods in a 96-well microplate against A. flavus IG133, P. griseofulvum TSF04, and T. pleuroticola IG137. Results: Marine strain IG100 presented significant antifungal activity associated with two active compounds, the terpenoids terperstacin 1 and 19-acetyl-4-hydroxydictyodiol 2. Their MIC values were measured for Aspergillus flavus (MIC of 7.9 µg/mL and 31.3 µg/mL for 1 and 2, respectively), P. griseofulvum (MIC of 25 µg/mL and 100 µg/mL for 1 and 2, respectively) and T. pleuroticola (MIC >500 µg/mL and 125 µg/mL for 1 and 2, respectively). They showed a rather good fungistatic effect. Conclusions: In this study, the first marine strain of M. humicola (IG100) was investigated for the production of bioactive molecules. Strain IG100 produced significant amounts of two bioactive terpenoids, terperstacin 1 and 19-acetyl-4-hydroxydictyodiol 2. The two compounds showed significant antifungal activities against A. flavus IG133, T. pleuroticola IG137 and P. griseofulvum TSF04. Compound 2 was identified for the first time in fungi.
β-lactamase-mediated resistance in MDR-Pseudomonas aeruginosa from Qatar
Authors: Ahmed Mazen A. Sid , Khan Faisal Ahmad , Sultan Ali A. , Soderquist Bo , Ibrahim Emad Bashir , Jass Jana , Omrani Ali S. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: The distribution of b-lactamase resistance genes in P. aeruginosa is often closely related to the distribution of certain high-risk international clones. We used whole-genome sequencing (WGS) to identify the predominant sequence types (ST) and b-lactamase genes in clinical isolates of multidrug-resistant (MDR)-P. aeruginosa from QatarMethods: Microbiological identification and susceptibility tests were performed by automated BD Phoenix system and manual Liofilchem MIC Test Strips. Results: Among 75 MDR-P. aeruginosa isolates; the largest proportions of susceptibility were to ceftazidime-avibactam (n=36, 48%), followed by ceftolozane-tazobactam (30, 40%), ceftazidime (n=21, 28%) and aztreonam (n=16, 21.3%). Almost all isolates possessed Class C and Class D b-lactamases (n=72, 96% each), while metallo-β-lactamases were detected in 20 (26.7%) isolates. Eight (40%) metallo-β-lactamases producers were susceptible to aztreonam and did not produce any concomitant extended-spectrum b-lactamases. High risk ST235 (n=16, 21.3%), ST357 (n=8, 10.7%), ST389 and ST1284 (6, 8% each) were most frequent. Nearly all ST235 isolates (15/16; 93.8%) were resistant to all tested b-lactams.Conclusion: MDR-P. aeruginosa isolates from Qatar are highly resistant to antipseudomonal b-lactams. High-risk STs are predominant in Qatar and their associated MDR phenotypes are a cause for considerable concern.
The Impact of COVID-19 on Complementary and Alternative Medicine Providers: A Cross-sectional Survey in Norway
Authors: Stub Trine , Jong Miek C. , Kristoffersen Agnete E. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe Norwegian authorities decided on a nationwide lockdown to prevent spread of the COVID-19 virus. The lockdown had huge socioeconomic consequences for the society. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) providers in Norway.MethodThis cross-sectional survey analyzed data from a self-administrated questionnaire. A total of 581 CAM providers completed the questionnaire, which was designed to describe consequences for CAM providers and their clinical practice after the nationwide lockdown. Between group differences were analyzed using chi-square, ANOVA and Fisher’s exact test. Significance level was defined as p < 0.05 without adjustment for multiple comparisons.ResultDuring the nationwide lockdown of Norway, 38.4% of respondents were able to provide CAM treatment to their patients. Of those, the majority (96.4%) had reorganized their clinical practice in accordance with COVID-19 hygiene regulations, offered video consultations (57.4%) or telephone consultations (46.6%). To manage financially during the lockdown, half of the providers spent their savings (48.7%). More than one third (35.1%) was supported by their partner, and 26.7% received compensation from the Norwegian state. A total of 26.3% of the CAM providers had other paid work that provided them with income. Nearly a quarter (18.6%) borrowed money from friends and family, changed their loan terms, or took out new bank loans. The majority (62.7%) expressed uncertainty about the future of their practice. CAM providers who had reorganized their practice to online consultations were more optimistic. ConclusionThe impact of COVID-19 on CAM providers was considerable. It adversely affected their clinical practice, financial situation, and view on their future practice. To ensure that the health needs of the Norwegian population regarding CAM use are met during pandemic times like COVID-19, it is recommended to support and train CAM providers in the development of online CAM services, as well as efficient implementation of infection prevention and control measures.
Production of biodiesel from mixed castor seed and microalgal oils: characterization and optimization studies
Authors: Lemma Dejene Beyene , Abagisa Mohammedsani Abdulkadir , Kebede Adisu Befekadu 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In order to lower the high prices of individual feedstock, extend the life of a more limited feedstock and to improve the fuel properties of biodiesel it imperative to optimize process parameters for biodiesel derived from mixed feedstocks. Samples of castor seeds were collected from Jimma zone, southwest Ethiopia while sample of wet microalgal biomass was obtained from wastewater stabilization ponds using a 60µm filter screen. The castor seeds and algal biomass were sun-dried before further dried at 80 0 C in an oven and ground to pastes. Oils were extracted from dried and milled castor seeds and micro-algae pastes with a Soxhlet apparatus using methanol. The extracted oil was purified and characterized before converted to biodiesel. A transesterification process designed using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) based on central composite design (CCD) experimental design was used to optimize the biodiesel production process parameters from mixed oil using alkaline catalyst. The Design Expert® 12 software was used to analysis experimental results. The effects of catalyst concentration, ethanol to mixed oil molar ratio and reaction temperature on the biodiesel yield were investigated using the experimental results. Accordingly, the optimum conditions for biodiesel production from mixed oil were a catalyst concentration of 1.23% w.t of the oil, alcohol to mixed oil molar ratio of 5.94 :1 (v/v) and reaction temperature of 51.30 0 C. The yield of biodiesel under these conditions was 93.88% . Experiment was conducted under the specified optimum conditions to validate the result predicted by the software. The yield of biodiesel from the experiment was 93.36 % which is very close to the value predicted by the software. The fatty acid composition of the biodiesel from mixed oil was analyzed using Gas chromatograph. The various fuel properties of biodiesel were determined using standard methods and results were compared with ASTM D6751 and EN 14214 standards. The physicochemical properties fulfill both standards.