bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chromosomal microarray analysis for pregnancies with or without ultrasound abnormalities in women of advanced maternal age
Authors: Wu Xiaoqing , An Gang , Xie Xiaorui , Su Linjuan , Cai Meiying , Chen Xuemei , Li Ying , Lin Na , He Deqin , Wang Meiying , Huang Hailong , Xu Liangpu 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundChromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) has been suggested to be routinely conducted for fetuses with ultrasound abnormalities (UA), especially with ultrasound structural anomalies (USA). Whether to routinely offer CMA to women of advanced maternal age (AMA) without UA when undergoing invasive prenatal testing is inconclusive.ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of CMA in detecting clinically significant chromosomal abnormalities in fetuses, with or without UA, of women with AMA.MethodsData from singleton pregnancies referred for prenatal CMA due to AMA, with or without UA were obtained. The enrolled cases were divided into AMA group (group A) and AMA accompanied by UA group (group B). Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array technology and conventional karyotyping were performed simultaneously.ResultsA total of 703 cases were enrolled and divided into group A (N = 437) and group B (N = 266). Clinically significant abnormalities were detected by CMA in 52 cases (7.4%, 52/703; the value in group A was significantly lower than that in group B (3.9% vs 13.2%, P < .05); no statistic difference was observed with respect to submicroscopic variants of clinical significance between the two groups (0.9% vs 2.6%, P > .05).ConclusionsChromosomal microarray analysis should be available to all women with AMA undergoing invasive prenatal testing, regardless of ultrasound findings.
Harnessing the power of medical malpractice data to improve patient care
Authors: Siegal Dana , Swift John , Forget Janell , Slowick Tim 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIntelligence gleaned from medical malpractice cases helps health care institutions analyze their litigation practices, trend financial outcomes, and even identify clinical services needing attention. But when examined more deeply, medical malpractice data can also be a powerful patient safety tool by revealing clinical patterns that contribute to medical errors and by enabling leadership to more accurately plan investments in patient safety and risk management. This case study describes how one organization, UMass Memorial Health Care in Worcester, Massachusetts, harnesses its deeply coded medical malpractice data and benchmarks its performance against national peers to catalyze clinical improvements. This strategy has proven successful in yielding positive change in such areas as emergency department ultrasound coverage, obstetrics communication, and airway management training. UMass Memorial's ability to embed claims data use into its culture and to share learning across clinical services offers lessons for health care organizations of any size.
Prevalence, incidence, and characteristics of dysphagia in those with unilateral vocal fold paralysis
Authors: Schiedermayer Benjamin , Kendall Katherine A. , Stevens Maya , Ou Zhining , Presson Angela P. , Barkmeier‐Kraemer Julie M. 
Published: November 2019

Objectives/HypothesisThe purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of dysphagia definition on the incidence and overall prevalence of dysphagia in patients with unilateral vocal fold paralysis (UVP) stratified by etiology.Study DesignRetrospective medical chart review.MethodsData was collected from the records of individuals diagnosed with UVP from 2013 to 2018, including patient demographics, dysphagia questionnaire total scores, clinical evaluation dysphagia symptoms, and instrumental swallow assessment outcomes. The annual incidence and overall prevalence of dysphagia were calculated by etiology as counts and percentages across five operational definitions of dysphagia.ResultsA total of 415 individuals met inclusion criteria for the study. Annual prevalence estimates ranged from 19% to 55%, depending on the definition of dysphagia used. The highest prevalence of dysphagia occurred when defined by symptoms or signs identified by the clinician (55%). The lowest prevalence of dysphagia occurred using a definition of abnormal swallowing function documented during instrumental assessment (19%). Dysphagia questionnaire scores were more frequently abnormal in those with iatrogenic than idiopathic etiology of UVP (adjusted P = 0.014). Rate of instrumental assessment and documentation of aspiration was highest for central UVP etiology (33%). On average, pneumonia was rare (6%) irrespective of UVP etiology.ConclusionUp to 55% of patients diagnosed with UVP complained of dysphagia, but only 21% had dysphagia symptoms severe enough to prompt instrumental assessment. Incidence and severity of dysphagia varied depending on UVP etiologic category as well as dysphagia definition. The etiology of UVP may impact dysphagia risk and severity in this population and warrants further investigation.Level of EvidenceIV Laryngoscope, 130:2397–2404, 2020
Extraction, characterization, physicochemical and rheological properties of two different varieties of chickpea starch
Authors: Ghoshal Gargi , Kaushal Kartik 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe variations in physiochemical, rheological, morphological, and thermal properties of extracted starches of two chickpea varieties (PDG‐5 and BG‐1076) were evaluated. Both the varieties resulted in starch yields 28.2–31.2 g/100 g. Amylose content was 30.2–31.2%. Morphological study by scanning electron microscopy of starches of both the varieties of chickpea revealed the presence of oval, spherical shaped granules with smooth surfaced, with mean granular length of 2 to 30 μm and width of 3 to 10 μm. Rheological properties of extracted starches at selected concentration (1–5%) were evaluated in flow viscometry and dynamic oscillatory mode to assess flow properties in terms of shear stress, shear rate, apparent viscosity, elastic, and viscous modulus. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed the presence of polysaccharides bands. X‐ray diffraction patterns showed that extracted starches are mixture of both A‐ and B‐type crystal. Thermal and pasting properties of chickpea starches were determined using differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and rapid visco analyzer, respectively. Onset (T0), peak (Tp), end (Tc) temperature, enthalpy of gelatinization (ΔH), peak height index, and gelatinization temperature range were measured by DSC. DSC thermograms revealed that T0, Tp, and Tc values of chickpeas were ranged from 65.6°C to 66.5°C, 69.6°C to 71.1°C, and 75.6°C to 76.2°C, respectively, whereas the corresponding enthalpy values varied between 14.8 and 15.6 J/g. The viscosity values at the peak, hold, final, breakdown, and setback viscosity for PDG‐5 variety were 2,562, 2,200, 3,646, 852, and 1,456 cP, respectively, and the corresponding values for BG 1076 were 4,848, 3,416, 6,384, 1,452, and 2,978 cP. It was observed that starches from BG‐1076 variety with low swelling power had higher solubility and pasting temperature.
Dual‐Mode Antibacterial Conjugated Polymer Nanoparticles for Photothermal and Photodynamic Therapy
Authors: Zhang Hongjuan , Liang Yuchao , Zhao Hao , Qi Ruilian , Chen Zhuo , Yuan Huanxiang , Liang Haiyan , Wang Lei 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn this work, dual‐mode antibacterial conjugated polymer nanoparticles (DMCPNs) combined with photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) are designed and explored for efficient killing of ampicillin‐resistant Escherichia coli (Ampr E. coli). The DMCPNs are self‐assembled into nanoparticles with a size of 50.4 ± 0.6 nm by co‐precipitation method using the photothermal agent poly(diketopyrrolopyrrole‐thienothiophene) (PDPPTT) and the photosensitizer poly[2‐methoxy‐5‐((2‐ethylhexyl)oxy)‐p‐phenylenevinylene] (MEH‐PPV) in the presence of poly(styrene‐co‐maleic anhydride) which makes nanoparticles disperse well in water via hydrophobic interactions. Thus, DMCPNs simultaneously possess photothermal effect and the ability of sensitizing oxygen in the surrounding to generate reactive oxygen species upon the illumination of light, which could easily damage resistant bacteria. Under combined irradiation of near‐infrared light (550 mW cm−2, 5 min) and white light (65 mW cm−2, 5 min), DMCPNs with a concentration of 9.6 × 10−4 µm could reach a 93% inhibition rate against Ampr E. coli, which is higher than the efficiency treated by PTT or PDT alone. The dual‐mode nanoparticles provide potential for treating pathogenic infections induced by resistant microorganisms in clinic.
Trophic Levels Predict the Nutritional Essentiality of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Fish—Introduction to a Special Section and a Brief Synthesis
Authors: Trushenski Jesse T , Rombenso Artur N 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Defining nutritional fatty acid essentiality in fish nutrition is complex given the wide range of taxonomic (e.g., divergence among species subjected to different selective pressures), biological (e.g., trophic levels and environmental tolerances), and external (e.g., experimental conditions and differences in feed formulation and manufacturing) factors involved, all of which can influence absolute requirements. Fishes vary in their ability to meet the physiological demand for long-chain (LC) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs; i.e., 20:4[n-6], 20:5[n-3], and 22:6[n-3]) via elongation and desaturation of C18 PUFA (i.e., 18:2[n-6] and 18:3[n-3]) precursors. Previous attempts to generalize dietary fatty acid requirements have been focused on thermal and salinity preferences, suggesting—in many cases inaccurately—that coldwater and/or marine fish exhibit dietary requirements for LC-PUFAs but warmwater and/or freshwater species do not. Here, we provide a review of the current literature on the subject of dietary fatty acid essentiality in fish and introduce the experiments that form the basis of this special section. In these experiments, we tested the nutritional essentiality of C18 PUFAs versus LC-PUFAs in feeds for five finfish relevant to intensive aquaculture: Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss, Channel Catfish Ictalurus punctatus, Nile Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus, Florida Pompano Trachinotus carolinus, and hybrid Striped Bass (White Bass Morone chrysops × Striped Bass M. saxatilis), hypothesizing that the nutritional essentiality of C18 PUFAs versus LC-PUFAs would be determined by trophic level. The findings collectively suggest that trophic level is the most reliable predictor of C18 PUFA versus LC-PUFA nutritional essentiality in fish.
Human and non‐human taphonomic effects on faunal remains from the Late Upper Paleolithic: A case study from the Stránská skála IV site, Czech Republic
Authors: Boriová Soňa , Sázelová Sandra , Novák Martin , Štelcl Jindřich , Svoboda Jiří 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis paper focuses on two accumulations of horse bones at the Stránská skála IV site, dated from around the Last Glacial Maximum (Epigravettian). Osteological material was subjected to taxonomical and taphonomical analyses. The results confirmed the prevalence of horses, and quantitative analyses indicated a minimum of 10 individuals, which is the approximate size of a herd. The taphonomical analyses did not confirm any traces of human activities, but on the basis of skeletal part representation in combination with other site features, we interpret this site as a human opportunistic killing/hunting site. This interpretation was supplemented by approximate nutritional yield analysis, and the outcome was nearly 1,160 kg of meat. The absence of traces of human activity may be explained by the extensive activity of other taphonomic agents described. Their identification plays a key role in the interpretation process.
Gewindeformschrauben als Alternative zu metrischen Schrauben
Authors: Krüger Helmut , Ummenhofer Thomas 
Published: November 2019

AbstractGewindeformschrauben werden im Bauwesen nahezu ausschließlich im Bereich des Stahlleichtbaus zur Befestigung von dünnwandigen Profilen auf Unterkonstruktionen aus Stahl oder Aluminium verwendet. Die Nenndurchmesser variieren meist zwischen 4,2 mm und 6,3 mm. Gewindeformschrauben mit Nenndurchmessern von über 10 mm sind wenig bekannt und bergen ein bislang ungenutztes Potenzial als Alternative zu metrischen Schrauben M10 bis M14. Die Gewindeformschraube hat gegenüber der metrischen Schraube den großen Vorteil, dass die Verbindung nicht beidseitig zugänglich sein muss. Dadurch werden Verbindungen möglich, die bislang meist durch ein Verschweißen der Bauteile realisiert wurden. Eine Nachweisführung auf Grundlage des Eurocode 3 1‐8 existiert für Gewindeformschrauben bislang nicht. Der vorliegende Beitrag beschreibt die zu beachtenden Besonderheiten bei der Verwendung von Gewindeformschrauben als Alternative zu metrischen Schrauben. An der Versuchsanstalt für Stahl, Holz und Steine des Karlsruher Instituts für Technologie KIT wurden zahlreiche Untersuchungen durchgeführt, um Lösungsansätze für die technischen Herausforderungen derartiger Verbindungen zu präsentieren.
Neuartige Kassettenprofile zur Verbesserung der Energieeffizienz im Industrie‐ und Gewerbebau
Authors: Kuhnhenne Markus , Pyschny Dominik 
Published: November 2019

AbstractEin neuartiger Ansatz, den Wärmebrückeneffekt von Kassettenwandkonstruktionen zu reduzieren, ist es, den Steg des Kassettenprofils mit Schlitzen zu versehen, um so den Wärmestrom durch den Kassettensteg zu vermindern. Diese Schlitzung führt zu einer deutlichen Reduktion des Wärmedurchgangskoeffizienten der Kassettenwandkonstruktion, hat jedoch gleichzeitig eine Verminderung der Tragfähigkeit des Kassettenprofils zur Folge.Der vorliegende Beitrag beschäftigt sich zum einen mit der wärmeschutztechnischen Optimierung der notwendigen Schlitzgeometrie, um einen Wärmedurchgangskoeffizienten von U ≤ 0,25 W/(m2 · K) zu erreichen. Zum anderen werden die charakteristischen Tragfähigkeitswerte der neuartigen Kassettenprofile durch Bauteilversuche ermittelt.
Comparative Behavior of Wild Bluegill Captured Inside and Outside of a Long‐Standing Aquatic Protected Area
Authors: Moynes Emily N. , Lawrence Michael J. , Zolderdo Aaron J. , Prystay Tanya S. , Abrams Alice E.I. , Holder Peter , Cooke Steven J. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn recreational fisheries it is understood that individual fish that exhibit bolder personality traits have a tendency to be removed from the population (i.e., fishing mortality via harvest or catch‐and‐release mortality), while more timid individuals remain. The use of aquatic protected areas (APAs) has been promoted as a means of offsetting the negative consequences that are associated with fishing mortality by protecting the full suite of phenotypes. However, little work has investigated whetherAPAs are able to maintain heterogeneity in behavioral traits in wild fish. We attempted to address this question by using wild BluegillLepomis macrochirusfrom Lake Opinicon, a freshwater system consisting of both anAPAand heavily fished areas. The Bluegill were obtained via angling from three zones in the lake: the main lake area (i.e., fished), theAPA(which has been in place since the 1940s), and a transitional zone between these two areas. In the laboratory, the Bluegill were subjected to two behavioral assessments, a Z‐maze and a flight‐initiation‐distance (FID) test, to address differences in boldness and risk‐taking between these populations. No significant effects of capture zone were detected for any of the behavioral metrics that were assessed in the maze trial. However, individuals that originated from the main lake population had significantly higherFIDscores than the fish from the transitional zone and theAPAdid, indicating that they were more timid. Our results suggest that fisheries activities may only be acting only on specific traits, which may explain some of the null results that are presented here. Nevertheless, our study provides evidence thatAPAs are providing a reservoir of less timid individuals, which is consistent with an evolutionarily enlightened management strategy.
Absent ‘superimposed‐line’ sign: novel marker in early diagnosis of cleft of fetal secondary palate
Authors: Lakshmy S. R. , Rose N. , Masilamani P. , Umapathy S. , Ziyaulla T. 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo describe a novel sign, the ‘superimposed‐line’ sign, for early diagnosis of cleft of the fetal secondary palate on two‐dimensional imaging of the vomeromaxillary junction in the midsagittal view.MethodsThis was a prospective evaluation of the superimposed‐line sign using two‐dimensional sonography (midsagittal view) in 9576 singleton fetuses referred for routine screening between 12 and 20 weeks of gestation. In this view, the vomer bone appears as a line superimposed on the distal two‐thirds of the maxillary line, as the vomer fuses with the secondary palate in the midline. If there is a midline cleft of the secondary palate, the line formed by the palate is absent and hence only the vomer bone is visualized, creating a single line instead of the normal superimposed double line. Multiplanar three‐dimensional (3D) views were assessed in cases in which the superimposed‐line sign was absent.ResultsThe superimposed line was absent in 17 fetuses with a cleft of the secondary palate that was confirmed by 3D evaluation. Of these, 13 had defects involving the premaxilla and four had an isolated cleft of the secondary palate. Postnatal confirmation was available in all cases. The sign was useful in ruling out cleft of the fetal secondary palate in 32 high‐risk cases with a family history of cleft palate. The superimposed‐line sign had a sensitivity of 89.5% in detecting cleft of the secondary palate.ConclusionsThe superimposed‐line sign is a new sonographic marker for evaluation of cleft of the fetal secondary palate; documentation of this sign proves the presence of both the palate and vomer in the midline. This marker can be demonstrated clearly in the late first trimester, allowing early diagnosis of secondary palatine cleft. Copyright © 2019 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Design structure matrix (DSM) method application to issue of modeling and analyzing the fault tree of a wind energy asset
Authors: Konstantinidis Emmanouil I. , Katsavounis Stefanos , Botsaris Pantelis N. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe perpetual energy production of a wind farm could be accomplished (under proper weather conditions) if no failures occurred. But even the best possible design, manufacturing, and maintenance of a system cannot eliminate the failure possibility. In order to understand and minimize the system failures, the most crucial components of the wind turbines, which are prone to failures, should be identified. Moreover, it is essential to determine and classify the criticality of the system failures according to the impact of these failure events on wind turbine safety. The present study is processing the failure data from a wind farm and uses the Fault Tree Analysis as a baseline for applying the Design Structure Matrix technique to reveal the failure and risk interactions between wind turbine subsystems. Based on the analysis performed and by introducing new importance measures, the “readiness to fail” of a subsystem in conjunction with the “failure riskiness” can determine the “failure criticality.” The value of the failure criticality can define the frame within which interventions could be done. The arising interventions could be applied either to the whole system or could be focused in specified pairs of wind turbine subsystems. In conclusion, the method analyzed in the present research can be effectively applied by the wind turbine manufacturers and the wind farm operators as an operation framework, which can lead to a limited (as possible) design‐out maintenance cost, failures' minimization, and safety maximization for the whole wind turbine system.
Transition in the etiology of liver cirrhosis in Japan: a nationwide survey
Authors:   Japan Etiology of Liver Cirrhosis Study Group in the 54th Annual Meeting of JSH, Enomoto Hirayuki , Ueno Yoshiyuki , Hiasa Yoichi , Nishikawa Hiroki , Hige Shuhei , Takikawa Yasuhiro , Taniai Makiko , Ishikawa Toru , Yasui Kohichiroh , Takaki Akinobu , Takaguchi Koichi , Ido Akio , Kurosaki Masayuki , Kanto Tatsuya , Nishiguchi Shuhei 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundTo assess the recent real-world changes in the etiologies of liver cirrhosis (LC) in Japan, we conducted a nationwide survey in the annual meeting of the Japan Society of Hepatology (JSH).MethodsWe investigated the etiologies of LC patients accumulated from 68 participants in 79 institutions (N = 48,621). We next assessed changing trends in the etiologies of LC by analyzing cases in which the year of diagnosis was available (N = 45,834). We further evaluated the transition in the real number of newly identified LC patients by assessing data from 36 hospitals with complete datasets for 2008–2016 (N = 18,358).ResultsIn the overall data, HCV infection (48.2%) was the leading cause of LC in Japan, and HBV infection (11.5%) was the third-most common cause. Regarding the transition in the etiologies of LC, the contribution of viral hepatitis-related LC dropped from 73.4 to 49.7%. Among the non-viral etiologies, alcoholic-related disease (ALD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)-related LC showed a notable increase (from 13.7 to 24.9% and from 2.0 to 9.1%, respectively). Regarding the real numbers of newly diagnosed patients from 2008 to 2016, the numbers of patients with viral hepatitis-related LC decreased, while the numbers of patients with non-viral LC increased.ConclusionsHCV has remained the main cause of LC in Japan; however, the contribution of viral hepatitis as an etiology of LC is suggested to have been decreasing. In addition, non-viral LC, such as ALD-related LC and NASH-related LC, is suggested to have increased as etiologies of LC in Japan.
Proximate mechanisms of drought resistance in Phytoseiulus persimilis eggs
Authors: Le Hesran Sophie , Groot Thomas , Knapp Markus , Nugroho Jovano Erris , Beretta Giuditta , Salomé-Abarca Luis Francisco , Choi Young Hae , Vancová Marie , Moreno-Rodenas Antonio M. , Dicke Marcel 
Published: November 2019

AbstractUnder drought stress,Phytoseiulus persimilisfemales are able to lay drought-resistant eggs through an adaptive maternal effect. The mechanisms making these eggs drought resistant still remain to be investigated. For this purpose, we studied the physiological differences between drought-resistant and drought-sensitive eggs. We compared the volume and the surface-area-to-volume ratio (SA:V) of the eggs, their sex ratio, their chemical composition (by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry), their internal and external structure [by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) images], and their developmental time. Our results show that drought-resistant and drought-sensitive eggs have a different chemical composition: drought-resistant eggs contain more compatible solutes (free amino acids and sugar alcohols) and saturated hydrocarbons than drought-sensitive eggs. This difference may contribute to reducing water loss in drought-resistant eggs. Moreover, drought-resistant eggs are on average 8.4% larger in volume, and have a 2.4% smaller SA:V than drought-sensitive eggs. This larger volume and smaller SA:V, probably the result of a higher water content, may make drought-resistant eggs less vulnerable to water loss. We did not find any difference in sex ratio, internal or external structure nor developmental time between drought-resistant and drought-sensitive eggs. These results mark the first step in the understanding of the strategies and the energetic costs involved in the production of drought-resistant eggs inP. persimilisfemales.