bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Concurrent wet and dry hydrological extremes at the global scale
Authors: De Luca Paolo , Messori Gabriele , Wilby Robert L. , Mazzoleni Maurizio , Di Baldassarre Giuliano 
Published: March 2020

Abstract. Multi-hazard events can be associated with larger socio-economic impacts than single-hazard events. Understanding the spatio-temporal interactions that characterize the former is therefore of relevance to disaster risk reduction measures. Here, we consider two high-impact hazards, namely wet and dry hydrological extremes, and quantify their global co-occurrence. We define these using the monthly self-calibrated Palmer Drought Severity Index based on the Penman–Monteith model (sc_PDSI_pm), covering the period 1950–2014, at 2.5∘ horizontal resolution. We find that the land areas affected by extreme wet, dry, and wet–dry events (i.e. geographically remote yet temporally co-occurring wet or dry extremes) are all increasing with time, the trends of which in dry and wet–dry episodes are significant (p value ≪ 0.01). The most geographically widespread
wet–dry event was associated with the strong La Niña in 2010. This
caused wet–dry anomalies across a land area of 21 million km2 with
documented high-impact flooding and drought episodes spanning diverse
regions. To further elucidate the interplay of wet and dry extremes at a
grid cell scale, we introduce two new metrics: the wet–dry (WD) ratio and
the extreme transition (ET) time intervals. The WD ratio measures the
relative occurrence of wet or dry extremes, whereas ET quantifies the
average separation time of hydrological extremes with opposite signs. The
WD ratio shows that the incidence of wet extremes dominates over dry
extremes in the USA, northern and southern South America, northern Europe,
north Africa, western China, and most of Australia. Conversely, dry extremes
are more prominent in most of the remaining regions. The median ET for wet
to dry is ∼27 months, while the dry-to-wet median ET is 21 months. We also evaluate correlations between wet–dry hydrological extremes and leading modes of climate variability, namely the El Niño–Southern
Oscillation (ENSO), Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), and Atlantic
Multi-decadal Oscillation (AMO). We find that ENSO and PDO have a similar
influence globally, with the former significantly impacting (p value < 0.05) a larger area (18.1 % of total sc_PDSI_pm area) compared to the latter (12.0 %), whereas the AMO shows an almost inverse pattern and significantly impacts the largest area overall (18.9 %). ENSO and PDO show the most significant correlations over northern South America, the central and western USA, the Middle East, eastern Russia, and eastern Australia. On the other hand, the AMO shows significant associations over Mexico, Brazil, central Africa, the Arabian Peninsula, China, and eastern Russia. Our analysis brings new insights on hydrological multi-hazards that are of relevance to governments and organizations with globally distributed interests. Specifically, the multi-hazard maps may be used to evaluate worst-case disaster scenarios considering the potential co-occurrence of wet and dry hydrological extremes.
Using Insights in Sen’ Capability Approach to Overcome Empirical Development Ethics Research Designing and Execution Challenges
Authors: Mazigo Almas , Hattingh Johan 
Published: March 2020

In this paper, we support the adoption of an empirical approach in development ethics research and show that the theoretical insights and methodological guidelines in Sen’s capability approach (CA) can offer helpful guidance to development ethicists on designing and execution of such research. To this end, we show how specific insights in the CA guide one to identify and engage with relevant stakeholders in extensive dialogues about the ethical issues underlying their development practices and in gathering empirical data for further ethical reflections. Drawing on an empirical development ethics research project we conducted in the fisheries sector of Ukerewe District in Tanzania, we illustrate how the CA supported us in identifying 310 representatives of various categories of small-scale fishers and stakeholders, and in designing and executing empirical development ethics research in the form of progressive stages of dialogues in stakeholder groups. The participants in these stakeholder groups reflected on and assessed their individual and collective values, capacities, roles and interests in the fisheries sector. In turn, we gathered empirical data on (i) the nature and causes of the poverty of small-scale fishers and ways to overcome it, (ii) the moral roots of the prevalence of institutional and professional apathy, and (iii) stakeholders’ motivations and concrete actions to support the redressing of the challenges facing small-scale fishers. Later, we used these empirical data to theorise about moving small-scale fishers from poverty to prosperity, and about the development ethic best suited to guide future initiatives in combatting poverty and generating wealth through the fisheries sector in Ukerewe District.
Keywords: Empirical Ethics, Development Ethics, Capability Approach, Small-scale Fisheries, Poverty, Ukerewe District, Tanzania
Enseñanza de la Lengua y la Literatura en los tiempos que Corren y Las Innovaciones de la Información
Authors: Pleitez Garcia Mario Alberto 
Published: March 2020

Los hábitos de lectura son fundamentales para cualquier nivel y profesión, ya que se aprende mientras se lee / escribe. Cualquier modificación en el sistema educativo es un proceso que debe empezar por el cambio de las mentalidades de docentes; estudiantes y personas que dirigen la educación de las sociedades actuales. Este artículo trata de responder si ¿Es posible seguir enseñando literatura de la misma manera? y "Qué se debe enseñar y cómo se debe aprender". Sin tener claro estas dos cuestiones, la enseñanza de la literatura y el uso de la tecnología es un trabajo de mero exhibicionismo tecnológico.
Factores que incidieron en el consumo de drogas lícitas e ilícitas
Authors: Rivas Israel 
Published: March 2020

Los factores investigados se definen coma atributos, características o condiciones que aumentan la probabilidad del consumo de drogas La. Muestra estuvo constituida por 79 adultos jóvenes que se encuentran en proceso de rehabilitación. los factores individuales: Satisfacer la curiosidad por el consumo de la droga 16.8%, necesidad de aceptación y de pertenecer a 1 grupo 16.8%y escapar a situaciones angustiosas de la vida con un 15.9%; son los factores familiares: la falta de comunicación entre los padres y sus hijos 20.0%, deficiente control de los padres en las actividades de sus hijos 14.9% y la falta de dedicación de los padres en in educación a en la formación educativa de sus has con un 16.9% los *tares sociales ambientales• e 1 grupo cercano de amigos 19.4%, la accesibilidad a las drogas 21.3% y la clase a condición social con un 15.2% son los que más relacionan con el consumo de drogas licitas e ilícitas en el adul t o joven. Con base a los resultados obtenidos se puede concluir que en el consumo de drogas licitas a ilícitas intervienen una gran cantidad de factores que se relacionan con el aumento de la probabilidad de consumo.
Tendencias y desafíos de la investigación
Authors: Segura Lemus Victor Edgardo 
Published: March 2020

En un mundo que cambia vertiginosamente, donde el conocimiento humano se recicla a velocidades cada vez más aceleradas, se requiere de un criterio de evaluación y escrutinio de la información exacta y técnicamente orientado. Adentrándonos hacia el siglo XXI se vuelve más evidente esta necesidad, pues no podemos partir del hecho de que todo nuevo conocimiento nuevo es superior y sin falla, ya que solamente el paso del tiempo y el escrutinio científico de las nuevas propuestas son las que verifican la validez de cada una de las teorías planteadas. Probablemente en base a estos argumentos es que hoy en día se insiste cada vez más en acciones basadas en evidencia ya que las acciones deben de estar cimentadas en hechos verificables y comprobables. La investigación es un proceso científico que puede permitirnos generar esas evidencias tan necesarias para cambiar la realidad y coma Institución de Educación superior estarnos en la necesidad de planificarla, promoverla y desarrollarla
Multiple S Isotopes and S Isotope Heterogeneity at the East Eagle Ni-Cu-Platinum Group Element Deposit, Northern Michigan
Authors: Benson E.K. , Ripley E.M. , Li C. , Underwood B.W. , Mahin R. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The East Eagle Ni-Cu-platinum group element deposit is a conduit-type deposit located in northern Michigan, in close spatial proximity to the currently producing Eagle deposit. Massive and semimassive (net-textured) sulfide mineralization at East Eagle occurs approximately 800 m lower in the stratigraphic sequence than that at Eagle and only ~200 m above the contact between Proterozoic and Archean rocks. Although sulfide mineralogy and textural types are similar at the two occurrences, there are important differences in their S isotope systematics. Massive sulfide mineralization at East Eagle is characterized by a relatively narrow range of δ34S values from 1.5 to 3.2‰. Semimassive sulfides show a similar range from 2.1 to 3.8‰. In strong contrast to these values, those from disseminated sulfides that border the massive and semimassive mineralization define a much larger range from –4.3 to 22.8‰. The much more restricted range in δ34S values recorded in the massive and semimassive sulfide mineralization compared to that of the disseminated mineralization is thought to reflect isotopic exchange reactions in the conduit involving accumulated sulfide and pulses of magma containing S of mantle origin. The ∆33S values of all three major types of sulfide mineralization at East Eagle are near 0‰, with most values between –0.03 and 0.03‰. Unlike ∆33S values from semimassive sulfide mineralization at Eagle, the ∆33S values at East Eagle show no, or very limited, evidence for the involvement of S derived from Archean sedimentary rocks. The wide range in δ34S values recorded in the disseminated mineralization provides strong evidence that S from Proterozoic sedimentary host rocks was involved in the mineralization; in some cases, as much as 85% of the S may have been of external origin. In addition to the wide range in δ34S values, the disseminated mineralization is characterized by spatially heterogeneous δ34S values. Meter-scale S isotope variations, as well as variations in Pt and Pd tenor, are consistent with multiple inputs of magma, each characterized by distinct S isotope ratios. Heterogeneity of several per mill at the centimeter scale indicates that the degree of supercooling exceeded the S diffusivity, preserving small-scale S isotope variability inherited from the sedimentary country-rock source. Elongate, branching plagioclase grains in many of the gabbroic rocks that host the disseminated sulfide mineralization are consistent with a rapid second stage of cooling.
Perfil físico funcional de indivíduos atendidos em um centro de atenção psicossocial: importância da inserção fisioterapêutica
Authors: Carvalho Luana , Santos Polliana Radtke dos , Silva Angela Cristina Ferreira da , Reuter Éboni Marília 
Published: March 2020

Introdução: Em geral, indivíduos com transtornos mentais apresentam dificuldade no autocuidado, o que pode levar ao aparecimento ou agravamento de outras morbidades. Objetivo: Identificar evidências da importância da atuação fisioterapêutica na atenção de indivíduos com transtornos mentais, através de alterações físico-funcionais em participantes de oficinas ofertadas por um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial. Métodos: Estudo quantitativo transversal avaliou 15 sujeitos. Foram realizados os seguintes testes: Teste de Sentar e Alcançar, dinamometria de preensão palmar, Escala Visual Analógica, Teste de Romberg, Timed Up and Go, index-index, index-nariz, index-nariz-dedo, joelho-calcanhar e goniometria. As análises das variáveis de alterações físico funcionais foram realizadas em mediana e intervalo interquartil para dados contínuos e frequência absoluta para dados categóricos. Resultados: Na avaliação da flexibilidade, as categorias encontradas foram ‘precisa melhorar’ (n = doze) e ‘regular’ (n = três). Oito participantes relataram dores corporais. No equilíbrio estático, dois terços dos sujeitos apresentaram oscilações durante a manobra, enquanto no equilíbrio dinâmico um participante apresentou resultado que indica necessidade de intervenção. Para coordenação motora, pelo menos dois terços dos sujeitos apresentaram positivação no teste e na goniometria metade dos sujeitos apresentaram alguma redução de amplitude de movimentos. Conclusão: Considerando as alterações físico funcionais, especialmente de flexibilidade, equilíbrio e coordenação motora, fica evidente a importância da inclusão do fisioterapeuta em serviços que atendem sujeitos com transtornos mentais.
Treino muscular inspiratório em idosos na ventilação mecânica: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Ferreira Aurea Gonçalves , Oliveira Daniel Vicentini de , Lopes Emmanuel Dias de Souza , Tonella Rodrigo Marques , Barbosa Cláudia Regina , Martins Luiz Cláudio 
Published: March 2020

Este estudo teve o objetivo de avaliar os artigos de treinamento muscular inspiratório em idosos com desmame da ventilação mecânica, nos últimos cinco anos. O levantamento bibliográfico foi realizado através de publicações indexadas na base de dados da Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS): Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), Literatura Latino-Americana em Ciências de Saúde (LILACS), Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), US national Library of Medicine National Institutesof Health (PUBMED), Controlled Trials database (COCHRANE) e Physiotherapy evidence database (PEDro). Para organização do estudo, foram seguidos os critérios da revisão sistemática. Após avaliação, foram selecionados cinco artigos que se enquadravam nos critérios do estudo. Os artigos incluídos na revisão apresentaram rigor metodológico em todos os protocolos de treino muscular inspiratório utilizado, sendo que nem todos eram específicos para idosos, porém a idade média encontrada dos participantes em todos os estudos estava acima dos 60 anos de idade, apresentado uma variação entre 60 e 81 anos. A presente revisão sistemática evidenciou a importância do treino muscular inspiratório em idosos auxiliando no desmame da ventilação mecânica.
Efeitos do treinamento com a realidade virtual (Kinect Sports®) sobre os níveis de equilíbrio e agilidade em jogadores de badminton: estudo clínico controlado e randomizado
Authors: Aragão Maria Diana do Socorro Oliveira , Lima Antônio Wellington Costa , Mota Diego Miranda , Pessoa Diego Rodrigues , Leal Seânia Santos 
Published: March 2020

A realidade virtual (RV) é uma ferramenta terapêutica que vem sendo amplamente utilizada em diferentes áreas da reabilitação fisioterapêutica, favorecendo o ganho de força muscular, melhora do equilíbrio estático e dinâmico, agilidade e o nível de atividade física. Avaliar os efeitos da RV através do treinamento com Kinect Sports® sobre os níveis de agilidade e equilíbrio em jogadores de badminton. 20 jogadores de badminton participaram do estudo. Os jogadores foram avaliados pelos questionários (questionário sociodemográfico e o questionário de prontidão esportiva com enfoque nas lesões musculoesqueléticas (MIR-Q)). Os testes físicos realizados foram: Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) e os testes de agilidade (SEMO e ZIG-ZAG). Após a triagem, os participantes foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em 2 grupos (controle e experimental). Os voluntários do grupo experimental (GE) foram submetidos ao protocolo de RV a partir do treino com Kinect Sports®, enquanto, que o grupo controle (GC) realizaram apenas a rotina de treinamento específica da modalidade esportiva. Observou-se diferenças significativas no GE no teste de equilíbrio (SEBT) em relação aos domínios avaliados: membro inferior direito (MID) (p<0.05; p<0,001 e p<0,0001) e membro inferior esquerdo (MIE) (p<0.05; p<0,001 e p<0,0001) na análise intragrupos. Já nos testes de agilidade (SEMO e ZIG-ZAG) verificou-se reduções significativa no tempo de execução dos protocolos de agilidade (p <0,05) no GE. Com base nos resultados obtidos, pode-se concluir que a RV possibilitou efeitos benéficos sobre agilidade e o equilíbrio em jogadores de badminton em relação aos atletas que não foram submetidos à rotina de treino habitual do badminton.
Influence of mitochondrial DNA loss on the development of complex structured colonies of SK1 strains of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Pronina O. V. , Rushkovsky S. R. , Morgun B. V. , Demidov S. V. 
Published: March 2020

Aim. Determine the effect of mitochondrial DNA loss on the formation of complex yeast colonies of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Methods. Development of giant colonies of the parent strain SK1 (rho+) and the "petit" strain SK1p, which lost mtDNA (rho0 mutation), was observed for 40 days,. To find out zones of cell death in colonies, both strains were cultured on solid YPD media containing dyes that accumulate in dead cells. The survival of the cells within colony was estimated by the ability to create microcolonies. Results. The loss of mitochondrial DNA in SK1p cells led to a decrease in colony area and to simplification of colony morphology on the YPD medium. When SK1p colonies were cultivated on media with addition of dyes, bright spot was formed in the center due to the dyes accumulation in dead cells. At the same time, parent strain developed a uniform insignificant coloration. Conclusions. rho0 mutation in SK1p yeast strain Saccharomyces cerevisiae led to a significant simplification of complex colony structure that formed on the nutrient medium YPD. The mitochondrial DNA loss in strain SK1p results in an accelerated cell death in the center of colony on YPD.Keywords: Saccharomyces cerevisiae, rho0, colonies, cell survival.
Genetic profiling of bacteria belongs to genus Pseudomonas, what affects legumes
Authors: Dankevich L. A. 
Published: March 2020

Aim. For the purpose of correct inter species identification and estimation of group’s heterogeneity, the genome fingerprinting of isolated by us and collection "Pseudomonas lupini" strains as well as typical representative of genus, affecting legumes, has been carried out. Methods. In the course of research, microbiological, molecular genetic (REP-PCR) methods and method of molecular phylogenetics (UPGMA) were used. Results. The genetic heterogeneity of isolated and collections "Pseudomonas lupini" strains has been estimated. A relationship between isolated and collections "Pseudomonas lupini" strains with the typical Pseudomonas syringae strains, affecting legumes, for BOX, REP and ERIC profiles has been determined. Conclusions. BOX, ERIC and REP-profiling of the genome of the agent of lupines’ brown spottiness revealed significant genetic heterogeneity of its population (from 20 to 50 % of heterogeneity) and close similarity of this pathogen to representatives of the species Pseudomonas syringae.Keywords: identification, genetic heterogeneity, REP-PCR, causative agent of lupines’ brown spottiness.
Expression profiling of kinesins, involved in the development of autophagy in Arabidopsis thaliana, and the role of tubulin acetylation in the interaction of Atg8 protein with microtubules
Authors: Olenieva V. D. , Lytvyn D. I. , Yemets A. I. , Blume Ya. B. 
Published: March 2020

Aim. To investigate the interrelation between changes in the expression levels of kinesin genes that are potentially involved in the development of stress-induced autophagy in Arabidopsis thaliana by means of microtubules, and the structural biology analysis of the role of α-tubulin acetylation in the regulation of interaction of α-tubulin with Atg8. Methods. The simulation of the influence of abiotic stresses. PCR analysis of changes in expression levels of kinesin genes. The molecular dynamics simulations of α-tubulin and Atg8 complexes were performed using the GROMACS 4.5.5 program. Results. It was shown that the changes in expression levels were caused by the influence of stressful stimuli. A significant increase in the transcriptional activity of the KIN5B, KIN12B, KIN12F genes after UV-B irradiation, the KIN6, KIN7O, KIN7D, KIN12B genes under osmotic-, and KIN6, KIN12B under salt stress was detected. By means of bioinformatics it was demonstrated that α-tubulin acetylation provides an enhanced interaction of α-tubulin and Atg8 protein. Conclusions. Obtained data point out the important role of kinesins and α-tubulin acetylation in realization of microtubules’ partaking in the development of stress-induced autophagy in plants.
Keywords: microtubules, α-tubulin, kinesins, Atg8 protein, stress-induced autophagy.
Studying the polymorphism of the gene MDP0000151428 among the varieties and species of apples
Authors: Urbanovich O. Yu. , Kuzmitskaya P. V. 
Published: March 2020

Aim. The aim of this work was to study the variability of the gene MDP0000151428, which belongs to the DREB family, among varieties of different genetic origin, which have different resistance to cold. Methods. Polymorphism was analyzed by PCR and sequencing. Results. Cloning and sequencing of the gene MDP0000151428 from 18 varieties and species of apple with different levels of resistance to cold have been carried out. An assessment of the variability of its primary structure showed the presence of point mutations. Most of them were single nucleotide substitutions, in one case a single nucleotide deletion was observed. The degree of sequence identity ranged from 97.5 % to 100 %. Conclusions. Evaluation of polymorphism of gene length MDP0000151428 showed that it is quite conservative and does not carry extended insertions or deletions in 20 varieties and species of apple trees with different levels of resistance to cold. The analysis showed that the frequency of occurrence of mutations in different sites of the gene MDP0000151428 differs. The nucleotides in 138, 341 and 472 positions are most susceptible to mutations. Comparison of hypothetical amino acid sequences showed the presence of separate substitutions. Most often they occur in 114 and 158 positions.
Keywords: apple tree, gene MDP0000151428, transcription factors, resistance to cold.
Photoperiodic sensitivity and Ppd-1 genotypes of bread wheat alternative varieties
Authors: Fait V. I. , Hubich O. Yu. , Balashova I. A. 
Published: March 2020

Aim. Study the reaction to photoperiod and identify Ppd-1 genotypes of modern alternative bread wheat varieties of various geographical origins. Methods. Plants growing under reduced and prolonged days, hybridological analysis of photoperiodic sensitivity of semi-diallelic F2 hybrids, calculations of average values, their errors and c2, multiplex STS-PCR with specific primers to the Ppd-D1 gene. Results. The phenotypic and genotype differences were detected, Ppd-1 genotypes of 10 alternative bread wheat varieties of different geographical origins were found. Conclusions. Afina, Palada, Solomia, Shestopalivka, Yara, Demir 2000, L897J23 varieties slowly or average react to reduce of day duration because of gene Ppd-D1a presence in their genotypes. Lastivka, Khutorianka, Zumoiarka varieties are highly photoperiodic sensitive genotypes and carriers of Ppd-1 genes recessive alleles only. From this view point, these three varieties correspond to the criteria of "typical alternative varieties".
Keywords: wheat, alternative varieties, photoperiodic sensitivity, DNA markers, gene, Ppd-1.