bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pharmacodynamics of Metformin in Pregnant Women With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Nonpregnant Women With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Shuster Diana L. , Shireman Laura M. , Ma Xiaosu , Shen Danny D. , Flood Nichols Shannon K. , Ahmed Mahmoud S. , Clark Shannon , Caritis Steve , Venkataramanan Raman , Haas David M. , Quinney Sara K. , Haneline Laura S. , Tita Alan T. , Manuck Tracy A. , Thummel Kenneth E. , Morris Brown Linda , Ren Zhaoxia , Brown Zane , Easterling Thomas R. , Hebert Mary F. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractGestational diabetes mellitus is a condition similar to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in that patients are unable to compensate for the degree of insulin resistance, and both conditions are often treated with metformin. The comparative pharmacodynamic response to metformin in these 2 populations has not been studied. This study characterized insulin sensitivity, β‐cell responsivity, and disposition index following a mixed‐meal tolerance test utilizing a minimal model of glucose, insulin, and C‐peptide kinetics before and during treatment with metformin. The study included women with gestational diabetes mellitus (n = 34), T2DM (n = 14), and healthy pregnant women (n = 30). Before treatment, the gestational diabetes mellitus group had significantly higher baseline (45%), dynamic (68%), static (71%), and total β‐cell responsivity (71%) than the T2DM group. Metformin significantly increased insulin sensitivity (51%) as well as disposition index (97%) and decreased mixed‐meal tolerance test peak glucose concentrations (8%) in women with gestational diabetes mellitus after adjustment for gestational age–dependent effects; however, in women with T2DM metformin only significantly affected peak glucose concentrations (22%) and had no significant effect on any other parameters. Metformin had a greater effect on the change in disposition index (Δ disposition index) in women with gestational diabetes mellitus than in those with T2DM (P = .01). In conclusion, response to metformin in women with gestational diabetes mellitus is significantly different from that in women with T2DM, which is likely related to the differences in disease severity.
Changes in Coping and Negative Cognitions as Mechanisms of Change in Online Treatment for Rape‐Related Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Authors: Littleton Heather , Grills Amie 
Published: November 2019

AbstractCognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)–based interventions, including those administered via telepsychology, represent efficacious posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) treatments. Despite demonstrated efficacy, limited research has examined mechanisms of change for CBT. We examined trauma‐related cognitions and coping as treatment mechanisms among 46 women who completed a randomized clinical trial of a CBT‐based, telepsychology‐delivered interactive program for rape survivors. The results indicated that both the interactive program, d = 1.5, and the active control condition, a psychoeducational website, d = 1.4, resulted in large reductions in posttest PTSD symptoms. Analysis of residual gain scores showed that reductions in the three types of assessed trauma‐related cognitions were strongly related to reductions in PTSD symptoms among women assigned to the interactive program, rs = .60–.79, but only weakly related to symptom reduction among those assigned to active control, rs = .06–.31. The results also suggest that increases in trauma‐related approach coping were weakly related to reductions in PTSD symptoms among participants in the interactive program, rs = −.16 and −.17, but, conversely, decreases in trauma‐related approach coping were weakly related to reductions in PTSD symptoms among those in the active control group, rs = .07 and .28. Reductions in avoidance coping were modestly related to reductions in PTSD symptoms among women in the interactive program, rs = .38 and .38, but unrelated to changes in PTSD symptoms among those assigned to the active control, rs = .03 and .05. Implications for future work examining mechanisms of change for PTSD treatments are discussed.
Evaluation of Eulychnia acida and Echinopsis chiloensis (Cactaceae) extracts in inhibiting corrosion of carbon steel in HCl solution
Authors: Figueredo Francisco , Vera Rosa , Molinari Aurora 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn the present study, the activity of extracts obtained from the stems of two endemic species of the central–northern region of Chile (Eulychnia acida [Copao] and Echinopsis chiloensis [Quisco]), was evaluated as potential corrosion inhibitors for carbon steel in 0.1 M HCl. The total content of phenols and flavonoids in the extracts was determined, and the main components were identified by high‐performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry, being similar in both species. The inhibition efficiency of extracts was evaluated by mass loss measures, Tafel polarization curves, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The assay results showed similar values in inhibition percentages, around 88% at extract concentrations of 1,500 ppm. The adsorption on the steel surface followed the Langmuir model adsorption isotherm, whose thermodynamic parameters (ΔG°ads for Copao and Quisco, −17.81 and −17.70 kJ/mol, respectively) suggest a physisorption mechanism. The scanning electron microscopy analyses showed that in the presence of the extracts, the surface of the steel is covered by a thin film that allows the sanding marks to be visualized; while without the extracts the surface is rough due to the HCl corrosion effect.
Metastable pitting behaviour of austenite stainless steel under compressive residual stress
Authors: Guan Lei , Cai Jianmin , Yang Xiangyu , Li Yu , Wang Guan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMetastable pitting behaviour of austenite stainless steel after compressive deformation in an acidic NaCl solution was investigated. The results show that the pit initiation rate increases while both metastable pit lifetime and growth rate decrease after compressive deformation. Meanwhile, the ratio of the surface oxide fraction of Cr to Fe increases whereas the average size of stable pits is smaller and shallow disk‐shaped under compressive residual stress. The results reveal that with the aid of enrichment of Cr oxides and compressive residual stress, which helps break the remnants of the undermined passive film, pit repassivation can be accelerated.
Way of Kun: the metaphysical foundation of Zhuxi’s female ethics
Authors: Kun Wang 
Published: November 2019

AbstractConfucianism has a system of Ethical argumentation that is based on Three Cardinal Principles and Five Constant Virtues, directed towards the cultivation of virtue. Neo-Confucianism, especially Lixue 理学 that is initiated by Chengyi 程颐 and developed by Zhuxi 朱熹, puts great emphasis on the theory of cultivation that usually converges instead of being emanative, tinged with the characteristic of the Way of Kun 坤道 that is directed towards the Virtue of Kun 坤德. This cultivation of the mutual dependence of knowing and doing leads to the subordination of the Way of Qian 乾道 and a corresponding change in the relation between the Virtue of Kun and the Virtue of Qian in a range of language levels, as the metaphysical foundation of Zhuxi’s female ethics.
First Observations of the Disruption of the Earth's Foreshock Wave Field During Magnetic Clouds
Authors: Turc L. , Roberts O. W. , Archer M. O. , Palmroth M. , Battarbee M. , Brito T. , Ganse U. , Grandin M. , Pfau‐Kempf Y. , Escoubet C. P. , Dandouras I. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe foreshock, extending upstream of Earth's bow shock, is a region of intense electromagnetic wave activity and nonlinear phenomena, which can have global effects on geospace. It is also the first geophysical region encountered by solar wind disturbances journeying toward Earth. Here, we present the first observations of considerable modifications of the foreshock wave field during extreme events of solar origin called magnetic clouds. Cluster's multispacecraft data reveal that the typical quasi‐monochromatic foreshock waves can be completely replaced by a superposition of waves each with shorter correlation lengths. Global numerical simulations further confirm that the foreshock wave field is more intricate and organized at smaller scales. Ion measurements suggest that changes in shock‐reflected particle properties may cause these modifications of the wave field. This state of the foreshock is encountered only during extreme events at Earth, but intense magnetic fields are typical close to the Sun or other stars.
Automatic Dissolution Testing with High-Temporal Resolution for Both Immediate-Release and Fixed-Combination Drug Tablets
Authors: Chi Zhongmei , Azhar Irfan , Khan Habib , Yang Li , Feng Yunxiang 
Published: November 2019

AbstractDissolution testing plays many important roles throughout the pharmaceutical industry, from the research and development of drug products to the control and evaluation of drug quality. However, it is a challenging task to perform both high-efficient separation and high-temporal detection to achieve accurate dissolution profile of each active ingredient dissolved from a drug tablet. In our study, we report a novel non-manual-operation method for performing the automatic dissolution testing of drug tablets, by combining a program-controlled sequential analysis and high-speed capillary electrophoresis for efficient separation of active ingredients. The feasibility of the method for dissolution testing of real drug tablets as well as the performance of the proposed system has been demonstrated. The accuracy of drug dissolution testing is ensured by the excellent repeatability of the sequential analysis, as well as the similarity of the evaluation of dissolution testing. Our study show that the proposed method is capable to achieve simultaneous dissolution testing of multiple ingredients, and the matrix interferences can be avoided. Therefore it is of potential valuable applications in various fields of pharmaceutical research and drug regulation.
Wolf pack algorithm for solving VLSI design tasks
Authors: Kuliev E V , Zaporozhets D Yu , Kureichik V V , Kursitys I O 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The paper deals with the development of new and modified heuristic mechanisms of searching optimal solutions, which is considered as one of the main problems of artificial intelligence. One of the promising areas of artificial intelligence development is application of methods and models of biological systems behavior for solving NP-complete and NP-difficult optimization tasks. The paper presents the statement of the placement task in designing very large-scale integration circuits (VLSI). The authors propose the algorithm for solving this task on the basis of biological system behavior in nature, e.g. wolf pack. Wolves are considered as typical social animals having clear separation of social work. The paper describes the actions and rules of wolf pack behaviour in nature. Based on the wolves’ behaviour rules and actions, the authors present the modified wolf pack algorithm. The benefits of the developed modified algorithm include the ability to improve each following iteration of the placement task. The wolf pack algorithm is implemented as a computer software on Java. To estimate the effectiveness of the proposed approach, the authors use the well-known IBM benchmarks to compare with the developed algorithm. The comparison is implemented with the results of the following algorithms: Capo 8.6, Feng Shui 2.0, Dragon 2.23. The results show that the wolf pack algorithm is more effective than the analogues.
Hybrid method for prediction of users’ information behavior in the Internet based on bioinspired search
Authors: Bova V , Kravchenko Yu , Rodzin S , Kuliev E 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The paper presents the method of predicting the learner preferences to make recommendations for building the behavior profile for recommender systems (assistants) personalizing the educational activity in the Internet space. To form the personal information offer and to identify the groups of collaborative filtration of the users with similar preferences, the authors propose the hybrid model of collaborative filtration based on the Item-Item CF and User-User CF methods simultaneously. To reduce the size of space during the search process, the author present a novel heuristic bioinspired algorithm based on the fish school behavior in nature. This method can be characterized by the ability to scale and process the sparse data. To estimate the quality of the developed algorithm, experimental research was carried out on the basis of the benchmark dataset MovieLens.
Experimental study and evaluation of parameters of M1 vehicle braking process
Authors: Afanasyev A S , Chudakova N V 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article presents the results of experimental studies of the braking process parameters, namely, the values of steady-state deceleration and its rise time, formed from the actual load of a vehicle, the presence (absence) of the anti-lock brake system (ABS) and trailer, the type and condition of road surface, as well as the connecting element between a vehicle and road surface - tires and the type of seasonality depending on the meteorological conditions. The mathematical models defining the studied value are presented and their practical significance is described. The practicability of the clarification of the methodology for the simulation of road traffic accidents by means of introducing correction factors into the main calculation methods aimed at the increase of the reliability and objectivity of the findings during road-transport expertise was justified.
Computer simulation of sublayer temperature mode during deposition of diamond coatings using gas-plasma method
Authors: Daudov I M , Khasambiev I V , Martynov S A , Luchaninov A A , Khadzhieva L K 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The research presents a computer simulation of the temperature field on the sublayer surface, performed in a stationary mode during the deposition of diamond coatings using the gas-plasma method with different parameters of the cooling system. The optimization problem of mathematical programming with the search for the extremum of the performance function by varying the controlled parameters within the permissible range is considered.
Red mud thickener statistical model in MATLAB system identification toolbox
Authors: Fedorova E R , Trifonova M E , Mansurova O K 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The process of red mud thickening and cleaning is a bottleneck of the alumina production. The existing automated systems of thickening process control are intended for the stabilization of parameters of primary process loops of thickeners. The relevant area of scientific research is making up and upgrade of the models and systems for the control of the thickening process under the model. The paper presents a model of a red mud thickener obtained on the basis of archive manufacturing data in the software environment MATLAB with the help of System Identification Toolbox. The measured parameters were the feed pulp consumption rate in the thickener, flocculant flow rate, thickened product consumption from the thickener’s cone and the thickened product density. The model allows predicting the density of a thickened product from the thickener cone. As an industrial prototype of red mud the authors used the mud from Ural Aluminum Plant, as a flocculant – Cytec Industries, series HX-3000.
The dynamic programming algorithm for management of real-time aircraft assignments
Authors: Korotkova Yu L , Mezentsev Yu A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The schedule is the basis of any airline. In this paper, we provide one of the problems of schedule theory. This problem of optimal management of flight schedule is to minimize flight departure delays and to improve flight on-time performance. This paper provides a conceptual and mathematical formulation of optimizing an operating flight schedule problem. The problem solution is to manage the assignments of specific air-crafts on flights considering the operational information about the implementation of the planned flight schedule. This problem is NP-hard and can not be solved exactly for any real dimensions. We propose the parametric effective algorithm for its approximate solution and provide the statistical data for testing.
Development and identification of a mathematical model of the process of continuous autoclave desorption of noble metals in moving-bed apparatus
Authors: Elshin V V , Melnik S A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The process of continuous autoclave desorption is the most promising for the intensification of coal-sorption technology for extracting noble metals by active carbons from solutions and pulps. The article presents a mathematical model of continuous autoclave desorption of gold from active carbons, which is based on the physicochemical regularities of the process and describes its dynamics. The developed mathematical model of the dynamics of the continuous desorption process allows analyzing the influence of the main parameters on the degree of extraction of gold and silver from activated carbons. It has been established that such parameters as temperature, phase ratio, processing time and pH of the elution solution have the greatest influence. Identification of the mathematical model showed satisfactory agreement between the experimental and the data obtained as a result of the simulation, which confirms the possibility of using it for analyzing and optimizing the process.
Model of the transducer based on Murali-Lakshmanan-Chua non-autonomous chaotic oscillator for discrete sensors intended for monitoring production processes
Authors: Patrusheva T V 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe article discusses the model of the detector of periodic signals under the background noise intended for discrete type control devices. It is proposed to construct the detector based on the non-autonomous chaotic Murali – Lakshmanan – Chua oscillator. To detect, the parameters of a chaotic oscillator must ensure proximity to the bifurcation boundary between the periodic and chaotic modes. In the absence of the detectable signal at the input of a chaotic oscillator, chaotic motion is observed in it, and if present, a bifurcation occurs and a periodic mode is established. The numerical model that allows solving the Cauchy problem for the system of differential equations of the chaotic oscillator Murali – Lakshmanan – Chua has compiled in Matlab / Simulink. The output informative parameter of the detector is the number of chaotic bursts during the detection time. The proposed model allowed us to obtain empirical dependencies for the number of bursts. On the basis of the obtained dependencies, the choice of the optimal parameters of the system is made. The study as a whole led to the conclusion about the possibility of using the proposed detector as a node of devices that receive the measuring signal under the action of non-stationary interference.
Improving the methods of monitoring and automation and mathematical modelling of railway protection
Authors: Kuznetsov S M , Gavrilova Zh L , Teplouhov O J , Avetisyan B R , Markova S V 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Thee paper analyzes the electric traction network and its features. The article shows that the use of one type of protection creates dead zones. To ensure reliability of the protection system, along with the maximum pulse protection system, digital terminal should be used.
New models and methods of organizing digital control with different representations of integral component
Authors: Rakov V I , Zakharova O V , Esin K S 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article proposes new methodological directions, models and methods of effective digital proportional-integral-differential (PID) control. The theoretic multiple models of the digital PID controller based on the discretization of the continuum model are proposed, differing in the component composition that significantly influences the dynamics of regulation. Mathematical models of digital control with the replacement of the integral in the continuum model by the Simpson’s rule are proposed, which are distinguished by the high accuracy of the formation of control actions in comparison with traditional mathematical models.
Automated control of unmanned truck for transport complex of mining industry
Authors: Bakhaev P K 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article is devoted to the development of robotized control mining-and-transport complex systems. The description of modern control mining-and-transport complex systems shows that operator control is currently used. During the replacement with robotic control systems, automatic and automated mining-and-transport complex control can be used. It is demonstrated that automated control can be considered the most promising control system. The article presents the advantages of automated control and the disadvantages of operator and automatic control, deals with electric drives of electric propulsion systems, which allows realizing automated mining-and-transport complex control. This electric propulsion system can be built on two or four motor wheels. In the article the authors review the advantages and disadvantages of the two electric propulsion systems, the utility of using the electric drive of all wheels of mining trucks for the implementation of automated control is proven.
Determination of the principal coordinates in solving the problem of the vertical dynamics of the vehicle using the method of mathematical modeling
Authors: Gozbenko V E , Kargapol’tsev S K , Kuznetsov B O , Karlina A I , Karlina Yu I 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Attention to the theory of rolling stock oscillations is due primarily to the fact that oscillatory processes, which inevitably arise as a result of driving along a usually uneven road, degrade almost all the basic properties of rolling stock. The article considers oscillations of a four-axle vehicle with a double spring suspension. The study of oscillations with a finite number of degrees of freedom is simplified if we introduce the principal coordinates of this system. To simplify the finding of the principal coordinates, free and forced oscillations of the sprung parts of the vehicle are investigated. It is assumed that the body of the vehicle has two degrees of freedom: lateral motion and wabbling; bouncing and pitching of trolleys will be neglected. The total number of degrees of freedom of the model is two. Having set-up the kinetic and potential energy and using the Lagrange equations, a system of differential equations was obtained. Consideration of forced oscillations of a system with two degrees of freedom is greatly simplified when moving to the principal coordinates. The problem of the vertical dynamics of the rolling stock is simplified in the transition to the principal coordinates. The resulting differential equations of free and forced oscillations of the system in the principal coordinates are two independent second-order linear differential equations, which greatly simplifies their solution.