bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparing endoscopic surgeries with open surgeries in terms of effectiveness and safety in salvaging residual or recurrent nasopharyngeal cancer: Systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Li Gang , Wang Jianqi , Tang Haocheng , Han Ri , Zhao Yunteng , Wang Xianwen , Zhou Huijun 
Published: August 2020

AbstractConsensus has yet to be reached on the optimal operation for patients with residual or recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). To compare effectiveness and safety of open surgery and endoscopic surgery for patients with residual or recurrent NPC. Pubmed, Embase, and Cochrane were searched for relevant publications from January 1, 2000 to May 1, 2017. Included studies reported specific residual or local recurrent nasopharyngeal cancer survival data. Proportional meta‐analysis was performed on both outcomes with a random‐effects model, and the 95% confidential intervals were calculated by Stata 12.0 software. For patients with different tumor classification, a downward trend of 2‐yearoverall survival(OS) was observed for both surgical populations. Endoscopic surgeries achieved bigger rates than open surgeries in patients withrecurrent tumor(rT) 1, rT2, and rT3 (93% vs 87%, 77% vs 63%, 67% vs 53%). As for patients with rT4, 2‐year OS was similar (35% vs 35%).In addition, the former is less severe complications, lower local recurrence rates (27% vs 32%). Our study found that, compared to open surgery, endoscopic surgery was a safer and more effective treatment modality in managing patients with recurrent or residual NPC.
Updates in the evidence‐based management of cutaneous melanoma
Authors: Goepfert Ryan P. , Myers Jeffrey N. , Gershenwald Jeffrey E. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractTreatment of cutaneous melanoma is changing with significant developments over the past several years that promise to reshape the field of melanoma surgical oncology. Modifications to the staging system based on analysis of a large international dataset, the timing and extent of regional lymphadenectomy, the emergence of effective systemic therapies in the neoadjuvant and adjuvant setting, and the role of adjuvant radiation are all undergoing a data‐driven evolution. Surgeon engagement in multidisciplinary decision making remains an essential component of contemporary management for patients across all stages of melanoma and demands specific involvement of head and neck surgical oncologists.
Curative‐intent radiotherapy for glottic carcinoma in situ
Authors: Mendenhall William M. , Morris Christopher G. , Amdur Robert J. , Hitchcock Kathryn E. , Chheda Neil , Dziegielewski Peter T. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of the study was to update our experience treating patients with glottic carcinoma in situ (CIS) with curative radiotherapy (RT).MethodsFifty patients received continuous‐course RT using once‐daily fractionation. Twenty‐eight (56%) had recurrent or persistent CIS after resection. Median total dose was 63.0 Gy; median dose per fraction was 2.25 Gy. Median follow‐up was 9.6 years for all patients and 8.4 years for survivors.ResultsAfter RT, 5 patients (10%) recurred locally; salvage surgery was performed in 4 (1 refused). Five‐year outcomes were as follows: local control, 91%; ultimate local control (including patients successfully salvaged after local recurrence), 100%; ultimate local control with larynx preservation, 93%; local‐regional control, 91%; ultimate local‐regional control, 100%; distant metastases‐free survival, 100%; cause‐specific survival, 100%; and overall survival, 81%. No patient experienced a severe complication.ConclusionRT is an excellent treatment for patients with CIS recurrent after transoral excision and those with previously untreated CIS who are unsuitable for partial laryngectomy.
Keys to successful implementation of routine symptom monitoring in head and neck oncology with “Healthcare Monitor” and patients' perspectives of quality of care
Authors: Dronkers Emilie A. C. , Baatenburg de Jong Robert J. , van der Poel Egge F. , Sewnaik Aniel , Offerman Marinella P. J. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundValue‐based health care is increasingly used to facilitate a systematic approach during follow‐up of patients. We developed Healthcare Monitor (HM): a structure of electronic patient‐reported outcome measures (ePROs) for the longitudinal follow‐up of head and neck cancer (HNC) patients. This study shares key lessons from implementation and seeks to provide insight into how patients experience HM.MethodsWe conducted a mixed‐methods study using quantitative data from a nonrandomized retrospective survey of patients who received HM (n = 45) vs standard care (n = 46) and qualitative data from structured interviews (n = 15).ResultsImplementation of HM included significant challenges. Finding common ground among clinicians, administrators, and IT staff was most important. Qualitative findings suggest that patients experienced better doctor‐patient communication and increased efficiency of the consultation using HM. Patients felt better prepared and experienced more focus on critical issues. Quantitative analysis did not show significant differences.ConclusionsIntegration of HM into routine care for HNC patients may have increased patient‐centered care and facilitated screening of symptoms. However, future research is needed to analyze the potential benefits more extensively.
Experiences of health service literacy and access amongst Australian young adults from migrant backgrounds
Authors: Raymundo Gianina , Smith‐Merry Jennifer , McNab Justin 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIssue addressedWe currently know very little about the attitudes of young adult Australians from migrant backgrounds towards health service utilisation. This qualitative study aimed to explore their experiences of accessing health services and identify barriers and facilitators to health service utilisation.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews were conducted with young people aged between 18‐24 and living in Greater Western Sydney. Interview questions focused on facilitators and barriers to health service access. NVivo 11 was used to facilitate thematic analysis of the interviews.ResultsTwenty‐five young adults between 18‐24 years from migrant backgrounds participated. Twenty semi‐structured individual interviews and one group interview with five participants were conducted. Analysis identified themes relating to health literacy, cultural factors and quality of care and showed the importance of families, the education system and service outreach in facilitating access.ConclusionsFindings indicate that more effective delivery of health services information in education, positive engagement between service‐providers and service‐users, and age‐appropriate, culturally considerate health promotion strategies are needed to overcome barriers to health services accessibility.So what?The results show the importance of families and communities, the education system and health service outreach in facilitating health service access for young people from migrant backgrounds. The paper highlights the need for more effective health promotion strategies targeting this group, their families and communities. To increase access, health promotion practitioners need to actively reach out to families and young people from migrant backgrounds through education and community‐relevant forums.
A pilot study using a small‐sided games program to modify cardiovascular health in sedentary Indigenous men
Authors: Sampson John A. , Venables Shane , Debeneditics Thomas , Peoples Gregory E. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIssues addressedTo determine cardiovascular health benefits in Indigenous men following short‐duration small‐sided games.MethodsFourteen sedentary Indigenous males (35.6 SD 7.2 years), randomly assigned to a small‐sided games (SSG) or a non‐exercising control. Small‐sided 20‐minute (4 × 5 minute bouts) games of touch football were played 2 x/week for 9 weeks. Waist and hip circumferences, height, total body mass (kg), fat (%), fat free mass (kg), muscle mass (kg), resting heart rate (bpm), systolic blood pressure (mmHg), total cholesterol and high‐density lipid concentrations were measured and waist‐hip ratios, body mass index (BMI), heart rate variability (HRV), metabolic age and Framingham risk calculated before and after the exercise intervention. Between group differences were examined using unpaired t tests (welch corrected) and described using Cohen's effect size (ES) differences (corrected to determine hedges g).ResultsSignificant between group differences favouring the SSG group were observed in body mass (P = .039, ES = 0.18), BMI (P = .031, ES = 0.22) and metabolic age (P = .033, ES = 0.29) and in HRV parameters of approximate entropy (ApEN; P = .01, ES = 1.65) and sample entropy (SampEN; P = .0193, ES = 1.40).ConclusionMiddle‐aged Indigenous men can gain cardiovascular health benefits following short bouts of small‐sided game play accumulating in 40‐minutes of exercise each week.So what?Short‐duration SSG may address many exercise barriers, and offer a sustainable form of exercise to improve cardiovascular health amongst Indigenous men.
Are Australian regulatory codes adequate in scope to protect youth from alcohol advertising?
Authors: Jongenelis Michelle I. , Pierce Hannah , Keric Danica , Stafford Julia , Jongenelis Gregory , Pettigrew Simone 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIssue addressedExposure to alcohol advertising has been found to be associated with more positive attitudes toward alcohol and heavier drinking among youth. Appropriate regulation of alcohol advertising is thus crucial for reducing use among members of this population group. To assist policy makers in their alcohol control efforts, this study explored the scope of Australian alcohol advertising codes and the extent to which they address issues relating to youth exposure.MethodsTwo researchers assessed 628 unique alcohol advertisements against youth‐related provisions of the Alcohol Advertising Review Board (AARB) Code and Alcohol Beverages Advertising Code (ABAC). A third researcher resolved discrepancies. The ads sampled were those that had been the subject of formal complaints to the AARB.ResultsMost (94%) ads were assessed as violating at least one of the AARB Code provisions relating to youth, while 36% were found to violate at least one of the ABAC youth provisions. The most frequently violated AARB Code provision related to placement, with 88% of ads located in places or broadcast at times where young people were likely to be exposed. The most frequently violated ABAC provision related to appeal to minors (33%).ConclusionsResults indicate that self‐regulation is an ineffective means of protecting youth from alcohol advertising, with the ABAC failing to capture many ads featuring content that appeals to youth.So What?Greater efforts are required to protect youth from alcohol advertising. Findings from the present study reinforce calls for mandatory, evidence‐based regulation that is administered independently of the alcohol industry.SummaryAn analysis of 628 unique alcohol advertisements found that the vast majority were in violation of the AARB Code's youth‐related provisions whereas substantially fewer were in violation of the ABAC, supporting arguments that self‐regulation is an ineffective means of protecting youth from alcohol advertising.
Impact of COVID‐19 on access to healthcare in low‐ and middle‐income countries: Current evidence and future recommendations
Authors: Okereke Melody , Ukor Nelson Ashinedu , Adebisi Yusuff Adebayo , Ogunkola Isaac Olushola , Favour Iyagbaye Eseosa , Adiela Owhor Greatman , Lucero‐Prisno Don Eliseo 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic continues to be a major public health threat globally and low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs) are not an exception. The impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic is far‐reaching on many areas including but not limited to global health security, economic and healthcare delivery with a potential impact on access to healthcare in LMICs. We evaluate the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on access to healthcare in LMICs, as well as plausible strategies that can be put in place to ensure that the delivery of healthcare is not halted. In order to mitigate the devastating effect of the COVID‐19 pandemic on the already weak health systems in LMICs, it is much necessary to reinforce and scale up interventions and proactive measures that will ensure that access to healthcare is not disrupted even in course of the pandemic.
Energising courts to continue breaking new ground in insolvency and restructuring cases
Authors: Wessels Bob 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe role of judges in restructuring and insolvency proceedings has been of particular interest to the EU legislator in recent years. It is in matters of insolvency and restructuring that a court and its judges have to fulfil a set of five criteria: (a) a general understanding of business management (so as not to assume managerial tasks), (b) understanding what is needed to effectively enforce the rights of both secured and unsecured creditors outside of insolvency proceedings (as, for instance, a stay may influence pre‐insolvency enforcement rights), (c), preferably, be a specialist in commercial matters, (d) be impartial and independent, and (e) where practical, have specialised insolvency expertise. Where businesses are operating across borders, the latter criterion includes cross‐border knowhow.During the 20th century, several steps have been developed with the aim of improving the environment within which these criteria can be met. Courts themselves may wish to improve their level of quality and effectiveness. In this contribution, several examples are discussed that have been put in place or will emerge soon that can enhance the court's professional standing and its performance, in (international) insolvency and restructuring, as a “good” judge. These developments may assist Member States in improving their judicial frameworks, as well as (associations of) members of courts or judicial and administrative authorities dealing with procedures concerning insolvency and restructuring in developing the necessary expertise for their responsibilities as formulated in the EU Preventive Restructuring Directive. Moreover, the duty of cross‐border cooperation between courts in EU law underpins the discussion and the importance of cooperation as is underscored by the adoption of this Directive.
Clinical presentation, diagnosis and management of therapy‐related hematological disorders in women with epithelial ovarian cancer treated with chemotherapy and poly‐ADP‐ribose polymerase inhibitors: A single‐center experience
Authors: Todisco Elisabetta , Gigli Federica , Mantiero Mara , Sammassimo Simona , Pastano Rocco , Ronchini Chiara , Parma Gabriella , Lapresa Maria Teresa , Iori Anna Paola , Bertolini Francesco , Corsini Chiara , Gregato Giuliana , Poletti Claudia , Colombo Nicoletta , Tarella Corrado 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWe investigated the occurrence and management of therapy‐related hematological disorders (tr‐HDs) in women with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) exposed to poly‐ADP‐ribose polymerase inhibitors (PARPi), after previous chemotherapy. We analyzed 130 consecutive EOC patients treated with PARPi at the European Institute of Oncology, Milan. In line with the literature, overall survival of the entire population was 37% at 5.5 years (89% were advanced stages). Cell blood counts were collected prior to start PARPi, at each new cycle and at monthly intervals. Patients displaying persistent and/or marked hematological abnormalities underwent bone marrow evaluation, with cytogenetic and molecular analysis. Nine patients (6,9%) developed tr‐HDs, after a median 22.8 months of PARPi exposure. Two patients died early and could not be treated. Two patients have no indication for active treatment and are presently under close hematological monitoring. Five patients underwent chemotherapy followed, in three cases, by allogeneic hematopoietic transplantation: three patients are in complete remission of their hematological and gynecological malignancies at 13, 19, and 25 months; the remaining two patients died due to progression of their hematological disease. We show the potential risk of hematological disorders in EOC patients treated with chemotherapy and prolonged PARPi therapy. In our series, tr‐HDs incidence was higher compared to recent reports in large series. Our observations suggest careful monitoring in order to conclusively define, on large series and prolonged follow‐up, the actual risk of tr‐HDs in patients under PARPi. Notably, prompt diagnosis of hematological abnormalities and appropriate management allow achievement of remission from severe hematological complications, at least in most patients.
Association between breast cancer risk and disease aggressiveness: Characterizing underlying gene expression patterns
Authors: Ugalde‐Morales Emilio , Grassmann Felix , Humphreys Keith , Li Jingmei , Eriksson Mikael , Tobin Nicholas P. , Borg Åke , Vallon‐Christersson Johan , Hall Per , Czene Kamila 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe association between breast cancer risk defined by the Tyrer‐Cuzick score (TC) and disease prognosis is not well established. Here, we investigated the relationship between 5‐year TC and disease aggressiveness and then characterized underlying molecular processes. In a case‐only study (n = 2474), we studied the association of TC with molecular subtypes and tumor characteristics. In a subset of patients (n = 672), we correlated gene expression to TC and computed a low‐risk TC gene expression (TC‐Gx) profile, that is, a profile expected to be negatively associated with risk, which we used to test for association with disease aggressiveness. We performed enrichment analysis to pinpoint molecular processes likely to be altered in low‐risk tumors. A higher TC was found to be inversely associated with more aggressive surrogate molecular subtypes and tumor characteristics (P < .05) including Ki‐67 proliferation status (P < 5 × 10−07). Our low‐risk TC‐Gx, based on the weighted sum of 37 expression values of genes strongly correlated with TC, was associated with basal‐like (P < 5 × 10−13), HER2‐enriched subtype (P < 5 × 10−07) and worse 10‐year breast cancer‐specific survival (log‐rank P < 5 × 10−04). Associations between low‐risk TC‐Gx and more aggressive molecular subtypes were replicated in an independent cohort from The Cancer Genome Atlas database (n = 975). Gene expression that correlated with low TC was enriched in proliferation and oncogenic signaling pathways (FDR < 0.05). Moreover, higher proliferation was a key factor explaining the association with worse survival. Women who developed breast cancer despite having a low risk were diagnosed with more aggressive tumors and had a worse prognosis, most likely driven by increased proliferation. Our findings imply the need to establish risk factors associated with more aggressive breast cancer subtypes.
Aspects of financial development and manufacturing and services growth: Which matter?
Authors: Daway‐Ducanes Sarah Lynne Salvador , Gochoco‐Bautista Maria Socorro 
Published: August 2020

AbstractFinancial development (FD) is multi‐faceted and it is not always clear how best to characterize the type or aspect of FD that matters for growth outcomes. Using two‐step system generalized method of moments on the IMF FD indices and a panel dataset of 108 countries spanning seven, 5‐year period averages from 1987 to 2016, this article finds that certain aspects of FD matter more than others in developing economies: financial market (FM) depth, efficiency and access matter for services growth, while both FM and financial institution (FI) depth and FM access matter for manufacturing growth, highlighting the existing complementarities between certain aspects of FI‐ and FM‐based systems that are conducive to growth. These results suggest the importance of developing and strengthening domestic institutions and implementing policies that would be conducive to the faster integration of new technologies towards the better intermediation and use of financial capital for growth and development objectives, without destabilizing the financial sector.
A heterogeneous ensemble credit scoring model based on adaptive classifier selection: An application on imbalanced data
Authors: Zhang Tong , Chi Guotai 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn the domain of credit scoring, the number of bad clients is far less than that of good ones. So imbalanced data classification is a realisitc and critical issue in the credit scoring process. In this study, a novel heterogeneous ensemble credit scoring model is proposed for the problem of imbalanced data classification. This proposed model is on basis of five standard classifiers, namely LSVM, KNN, MDA, DT, LR, and adaptively selects the base classifiers with highest AUC according to the data distribution, then integrates all base classifiers to obtain a prediction. Finally, by using five comprehensive performance measures and four classical credit datasets, we find that the proposed model is better than other baseline models. This novel model can be applied to actual credit scoring and assist financial institutions in credit risk management.
Bank connections and small business performance: Evidence from Canadian survey data
Authors: Gill Amarjit , Wilson Craig 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWe investigate how, as a form of social capital, connections between small business owners and their bankers affect the performance of small businesses in Canada through influencing capital structure efficiency. Owners of private Canadian small businesses were asked about their perceptions regarding bank connections, capital structure efficiency, and the performance of their small businesses. Using principal component analysis, we find that bank connections help small business owners improve capital structure efficiency. Connections are also associated with lower interest rates; however, we find that they improve performance primarily through their improvement of capital structure efficiency rather than reduced interest rates. These findings may prove practically useful for business owners, bankers, and other stakeholders by illustrating how effective policies that help link small business owners with bankers can improve firm performance through access to capital and professional advice.
Determinants of non‐performing loans, firm's corporate governance and macroeconomic factors
Authors: Lee Joe‐Ming , Chen Ku‐Hsieh , Chang I‐Chia , Chen Chih‐Chun 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAccording to this paper results show that share collateralization by directors of firms with bank's non‐performing loan has a significant positive relationship. On the other hand, the related party transaction of firm and bank's non‐performing loans has a significant positive relationship, indicating that bad corporate governance is an important warning for the firm or the bank. Financial intermediaries of bank in particular have special attributes that intensify standard corporate governance problems. Moreover, Banks only pay attention to the surface of the financial policy capacity, will become an obstacle to observe the perpetrators of sustainable business. It is inevitable that the bank's NPL ratio is affected by macroeconomic factors is very significant.