bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cold‐inducible RNA‐binding protein contributes to intracerebral hemorrhage‐induced brain injury via TLR4 signaling
Authors: Zhou Kai , Cui Shengtao , Duan Wei , Zhang Jianrong , Huang Jiacheng , Wang Li , Gong Zili , Zhou Yu 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIntroductionExcessive neuroinflammation aggravates the brain injury caused by intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), while the upstream mechanisms that initiate neuroinflammation remain unclear. Toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling is important to trigger inflammatory responses in ICH, and cold‐inducible RNA‐binding protein (CIRP) has been shown as a novel ligand of TLR4 by recent studies. However, whether the CIRP could trigger the neuroinflammation via activating TLR4 signaling in ICH still needs to be investigated.MethodsHuman serum CIRP levels were measured using the ELISA kits. Western blot, FJB staining, brain water content, and neurological deficit scores were used to investigate the roles of CIRP in brain injury caused by ICH.ResultFirst, we found increased CIRP levels in the blood of patients with ICH when compared to the control individuals, and the ICH patients with mRS > 2 have higher serum CIRP levels in contrast to those with mRS ≤ 2. In the ICH mice, we also found that brain CIRP protein and mRNA levels were also increased after ICH. Furthermore, using the CIRP−/− mice, we found that CIRP−/− mice had less brain damages showing in less FJB+ cells, reduced brain water content (BWC) and lower neurological deficit scores (NDS) compared to that in WT mice after ICH. Cytokines including IL‐6, TNF‐α, and IL‐1β from CIRP−/− mice were attenuated after ICH. CIRP−/− mice also exhibited reduced TLR4 expression which was accompanied by the decreased activity of NF‐κB. This suggests that TLR4 signaling might be involved in CIRP‐mediated inflammatory injury possibly via NF‐κB activation after ICH.ConclusionOur findings suggest that CIRP may activate TLR4 signaling, and further inducing NF‐κB activation to increase the expression levels of cytokines and aggravate inflammatory injury in ICH. Targeting CIRP may be a promising strategy for ICH treatment.
Disparities in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma—The Significance of Hispanic Ethnicity, Subgroup Analysis, and Treatment Facility on Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Riner Andrea N. , Underwood Patrick W. , Yang Kai , Herremans Kelly M. , Cameron Miles E. , Chamala Srikar , Qiu Peihua , George Thomas J. , Permuth Jennifer B. , Merchant Nipun B. , Trevino Jose G. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundDisparities exist among patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Non‐White race is regarded as a negative predictor of expected treatment and overall survival. Data suggest that Academic Research Programs (ARP) provide better outcomes for minorities, but ethnic/minority outcomes are underreported. We hypothesize that outcomes among racially/ethnically diverse PDAC patients may be influenced by treatment facility.MethodsThe National Cancer Database was used to identify 170,327 patients diagnosed with PDAC between 2004 and 2015. Cox proportional‐hazard regression was used to compare survival between race/ethnic groups across facilities.ResultsIn unadjusted models, compared to non‐Hispanic Whites (NHW), non‐Hispanic Blacks (NHB) had the worst overall survival (HR = 1.05, 95%CI: 1.03‐1.06, P < .001) and Hispanics had the best overall survival (HR = 0.92, 95%CI: 0.90‐0.94, P < .001). After controlling for socioeconomic and clinical covariates, NHB (HR = 0.95, 95%CI: 0.93‐0.96, P < .001) had better overall survival compared to NHW, and Hispanics continued to have the best comparative outcomes (HR = 0.84, 95%CI: 0.82‐0.86, P < .001). Among Hispanics, Dominicans and South/Central Americans lived the longest, at 10.25 and 9.82 months, respectively. The improved survival in Hispanics was most pronounced at ARP (HR = 0.80, 95%CI: 0.77‐0.84, P < .001) and Integrated Network Cancer Programs (HR = 0.78, 95%CI: 0.73‐0.84, P < .001). NHB had improved survival over NHW at Comprehensive Community Care Programs (HR = 0.96, 95%CI: 0.93‐0.98, P = .002) and ARP (HR = 0.96, 95%CI: 0.94‐0.98, P = .001), which was influenced by income, education, and surgical resection.ConclusionSurvival was improved at ARP for all populations. Hispanics had the best comparative overall survival. NHB had improved overall survival at higher volume centers, but this was dependent upon income, education, and surgical resection.
Composition, Chemical Variability and Biological Activity of Cymbopogon schoenanthus Essential Oil from Central Algeria
Authors: Malti Charaf Eddine Watheq , El Haci Imad Abdelhamid , Hassani Faiçal , Paoli Mathieu , Gibernau Marc , Tomi Félix , Casanova Joseph , Bekhechi Chahrazed 
Published: April 2020

AbstractCymbopogon schoenanthus (L.) Spreng. (Poaceae) is an aromatic plant whose aerial parts and rhizome produced an essential oil with pleasant odor. A chemical variability has been observed depending of the countries where the plant grows wild, including Algeria. The chemical compositions of 24 oil samples isolated from plants harvested in Central Algeria have been investigated, to evidence homogeneity or chemical variability within a given area of harvest. Twenty of these were dominated by cis‐ and trans‐p‐menth‐2‐en‐1‐ols (22.6 %±3.6 and 14.3 %±1.7, resp.) beside four atypical compositions. Otherwise, aerial parts and rhizomes produced similar essential oils. Lastly, a fair antimicrobial activity was measured against Staphylococcus aureus strain, while the antioxidant potential was low.
Retinoic acid induced 16 deficiency exacerbates high‐fat diet‐induced steatohepatitis in mice
Authors: Qian Chun‐Lin , Ding Cui‐Ling , Tang Hai‐Lin , Qi Zhong‐Tian , Wang Wen 
Published: April 2020

Non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) associated with obesity may progress to non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Retinoic acid induced 16 (RAI16) plays an important role in cell apoptosis and is also a potential marker for HCC. Here we aimed to test the effect of RAI16 deficiency on liver pathology in high‐fat diet (HFD) fed mice. Wild type (WT) and RAI16 knockout (RAI16−/−) C57BL/6 mice were fed with HFD or chow for up to 12 months. With consumption of HFD diet, RAI16−/− mice on HFD developed much more excess fatty liver within 4 months than WT mice on HFD. The expressions of fatty acid synthesis associated molecules Ppar‐γ, Srebp‐1c and Fas were further increased in RAI16−/− mice compared with WT mice on HFD. Macrophage infiltration related molecules Mcp‐1 and F4/80 and pro‐inflammatory factor Lcn2 were significantly increased in RAI16−/− mice compared with WT mice on HFD. Conclusively, RAI16 deficiency exacerbated HFD‐induced liver injury, associated with increased inflammation. These findings indicate that RAI16 plays an important role in HFD‐induced liver pathology and might be considered as a target for treatment of NAFLD.Significance1. RAI16−/− mice on HFD developed much more excess fatty liver.2. RAI16−/− mice showed more macrophage infiltration and proinflammation.
Unusual iodine‐131 postablation whole‐body scintigraphy patterns in patients after robot‐assisted/endoscopic thyroidectomy: Case series
Authors: Kim Mi Ra , Shim Hye‐kyung 
Published: April 2020

AbstractRobot‐assisted/endoscopic thyroidectomy causes irritation due to instruments or implantation of thyroid tissue on the anterior chest wall and lower neck. We present three patients who exhibited unexpected focal lesions on postablation Iodine‐131 single‐photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography without biochemical and structural diseases. Meticulous surgical techniques are important to prevent complications.
Nickel 3D Structures Enhanced by Electrodeposition of Nickel Nanoparticles as High Performance Anodes for Direct Borohydride Fuel Cells
Authors: Braesch Guillaume , Oshchepkov Alexandr G. , Bonnefont Antoine , Asonkeng Fabrice , Maurer Thomas , Maranzana Gaël , Savinova Elena R. , Chatenet Marian 
Published: April 2020

AbstractDirect borohydride fuel cell (DBFC) is a promising technology to power portable and mobile devices thanks to their high theoretical voltage and good energy density. Carbon‐supported electrodeposited nickel‐metal catalysts (NiED/C) exhibit fast kinetics for the borohydride oxidation reaction (BOR). One key is to deposit nickel‐metal on sufficiently open structures to make electrodes compatible with fast mass‐transfer, so as to further optimize the fuel cell performance. To that goal, Ni foams (NFM) or felts (NFT) can be used. Being inherently surface‐oxidized (passivated) and of too low developed area, these supports were enhanced by both oxides removal/depassivation (using electro‐assisted (or not) acid etching) and nickel electrodeposition, in order to exhibit the combined properties of fast diffusion medium and high‐surface area resulting in the highly‐active catalysts. After such enhancement, NiED/NFT shows superior performance in the BOR compared to carbon‐supported Ni catalysts. To make a fair comparison with PGM, Pt catalysts supported on open carbon structures were also studied and presented slightly smaller performance than the NiED/NFT electrodes, in particular in terms of open‐circuit potential and current density at high cell voltage.
Holistic view of the insulating layer on the thermal efficiency of a steel ladle lining
Authors: Campos Maria Gabriela Garcia , Dos Santos Matheus Felipe , Moreira Murilo Henrique , Angélico Ricardo Afonso , Sako Eric Yoshimitsu , Pandolfelli Victor Carlos 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe lining design of steel ladles has a major impact on the performance of these metallurgical vessels. For instance, their better thermal performance is mainly related to the refractory materials applied in the lining, which requires continuous quality and cost optimizations. In this study, different refractory linings were investigated in order to understand their effect on the thermal performance of the steel ladle, that is, on the control of the average steel and shell temperatures, effect on the amount of stored energy in the refractory lining and on the cycling energy consumption. The influence of distinct configurations of insulating materials (position, thickness, and types) on those parameters was investigated by heat transfer simulations using numerical tools. The results pointed out the insulating materials efficiency on reducing the shell temperatures and increasing the average steel temperature. However, the benefits of applying the insulator with thicknesses over 21 mm or applying it at the bottom are less significant. The application of the foam insulator at unusual positions showed promising results, such as between the safety and working layer and at the hot face. The former position enhanced the performance during pre‐heating whereas the latter significantly increased the steel temperature (34°C). Consequently, the study pointed out new designs for the project of steel ladle linings, improving their efficiency, targeting solutions for saving energy, and reducing the environmental impacts.
Training oncology physicians to advise their patients on complementary and integrative medicine: An implementation study for a manual‐guided consultation
Authors: Witt Claudia M. , Helmer Stefanie M. , Schofield Penelope , Wastell Marisa , Canella Claudia , Thomae Anita V. , Rogge Alizé A. 
Published: April 2020

BackgroundThe unmonitored use of complementary medicine in patients with cancer can be associated with an increased risk of safety‐related issues, such as lower adherence to conventional cancer therapies. Training oncology physicians to advise their patients about the effectiveness and safety of these therapies could improve this situation.MethodsThe objective of this study was to develop and pretest a consultation framework that has high potential to be widely implemented. The framework comprises: 1) a systematically developed and tested, manualized, guided consultation; and 2) blended learning training (e‐learning and communication skills training workshop) to upskill oncology physicians in advising their patients on complementary and integrative medicine (CIM). For this implementation study, mixed methods were used to develop the manual (literature review, consensus procedure, pilot testing) and the training (questionnaires and interviews with oncology physicians and patients with cancer and an examination of the skills in a setting with standardized patients).ResultsThe training was tested with 47 oncology physicians from across Germany. The manual‐guided consultation (context: general information on the setting and communication techniques; inform: consultation duration and content; capture: previous CIM use; prioritize: focus on consultation; advise: evidence‐based CIM recommendations; discuss, advise, accept, or advise against other CIM; concretize advice: summary and implementation; and monitor: documentation) was considered suitable. The structure and time frame (maximum, 20 minutes) of the consultation as well as the training were feasible and well accepted.ConclusionsThe current study demonstrates that the KOKON‐KTO framework (a German acronym for Competence Network for Complementary Medicine ‐ Consultation Training for Oncology Physicians) is suitable for training oncology physicians. Its implementation can lead to better physician‐patient communication about CIM in cancer.
Patient‐reported outcomes from KATHERINE: A phase 3 study of adjuvant trastuzumab emtansine versus trastuzumab in patients with residual invasive disease after neoadjuvant therapy for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2–positive breast cancer
Authors: Conte PierFranco , Schneeweiss Andreas , Loibl Sibylle , Mamounas Eleftherios P. , von Minckwitz Gunter , Mano Max S. , Untch Michael , Huang Chiun‐Sheng , Wolmark Norman , Rastogi Priya , D’Hondt Veronique , Redondo Andrés , Stamatovic Ljiljana , Bonnefoi Hervé , Castro‐Salguero Hugo , Fischer Hans H. , Wahl Tanya , Song Chunyan , Boulet Thomas , Trask Peter , Geyer Charles E. 
Published: April 2020

BackgroundThe phase 3 KATHERINE trial demonstrated significantly improved invasive disease–free survival with adjuvant trastuzumab emtansine (T‐DM1) versus trastuzumab in patients with HER2‐positive early breast cancer and residual invasive disease after neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus HER2‐targeted therapy.MethodsPatients who received taxane‐ and trastuzumab‐containing neoadjuvant therapy (with/without anthracyclines) and had residual invasive disease (breast and/or axillary nodes) at surgery were randomly assigned to 14 cycles of adjuvant T‐DM1 (3.6 mg/kg intravenously every 3 weeks) or trastuzumab (6 mg/kg intravenously every 3 weeks). The European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire–Core 30 (QLQ‐C30) and breast cancer module (QLQ‐BR23) were completed at screening, at day 1 of cycles 5 and 11, within 30 days after study drug completion, and at 6‐ and 12‐month follow‐up visits.ResultsOf patients who were randomly assigned to T‐DM1 (n = 743) and trastuzumab (n = 743), 612 (82%) and 640 (86%), respectively, had valid baseline and ≥1 postbaseline assessments. No clinically meaningful changes (≥10 points) from baseline in mean QLQ‐C30 and QLQ‐BR23 scores occurred in either arm. More patients receiving T‐DM1 reported clinically meaningful deterioration at any assessment point in role functioning (49% vs 41%), appetite loss (38% vs 28%), constipation (47% vs 38%), fatigue (66% vs 60%), nausea/vomiting (39% vs 30%), and systemic therapy side effects (49% vs 36%). These differences were no longer apparent at the 6‐month follow‐up assessment, except for role functioning (23% vs 16%).ConclusionThese data suggest that health‐related quality of life was generally maintained in both study arms over the course of treatment.
Task‐based parallel strategies for computational fluid dynamic application in heterogeneous CPU/GPU resources
Authors: Leandro Nesi Lucas , da Silva Serpa Matheus , Mello Schnorr Lucas , Navaux Philippe Olivier Alexandre 
Published: April 2020

SummaryParallel applications executing in contemporary heterogeneous clusters are complex to code and optimize. The task‐based programming model is an alternative to handle the coding complexity. This model consists of splitting the problem domain into tasks with dependencies through a directed acyclic graph, and submit the set of tasks to a runtime scheduler that maps each task dynamically to resources. We consider that computational fluid dynamics applications are typical in scientific computing but not enough exploited by designs that employ the task‐based programming model. This article presents task‐based parallel strategies for a simple CFD application that targets heterogeneous multi‐CPU/multi‐GPU computing resources. We design, develop, evaluate, and compare the performance of three parallel strategies (naive, ghost‐cells, and arrow) of a task‐based heterogeneous (CPU and GPU) application that simulates the flow of an incompressible Newtonian fluid with constant viscosity. All implementations rely on the StarPU runtime, and we use the StarVZ toolkit to conduct comprehensive performance analysis. Results indicate that the ghost cell strategy provides the best speedup (77×) considering the simulation time when the GPU resources still have available memory. However, the arrow strategy achieves better results when the simulation data increases.
Multidomain security authentication for the Internet of things
Authors: Zhang Qikun , Zhao Kunyuan , Kuang Xiaohui , Li Yongjiao , Zheng Yuanpan , Yuan Junling , Wang Ruifang 
Published: April 2020

SummaryWith the rapid development of Internet of Things (IoT) information technology, the IoT has become a key infrastructure for telemedicine, smart home, and intelligent transportation. One of the key technologies for these applications is information sharing and interoperation among multiple domains. However, the security and privacy issues of multidomain interaction face severe security challenges. Aiming at these problems, an certificateless multidomain authentication technology is proposed for IoT. Bilinear mapping and short signature technology are used to realize mutual authentication among entities in different domains, which protects secure data sharing and secure interoperability among domains. Certificateless multidomain authentication can avoid inherent security risks of key escrow in existing identity‐based authentication. And it also solves complex certificate management and network bottlenecks problems in traditional certificate‐based authentication. The proof and analysis show that the proposed scheme has good security and performance, it supports anonymous authentication among entities, and it is also suitable for large‐scale distributed network security alliance authentication mechanism.
Preparation of Recombinant Membrane Proteins from Pichia pastoris for Molecular Investigations
Authors: Guyot Lucile , Hartmann Lucie , Mohammed‐Bouteben Sarah , Caro Lydia , Wagner Renaud 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPichia pastoris is a eukaryotic microorganism reputed for its ability to mass‐produce recombinant proteins, including integral membrane proteins, for various applications. This article details a series of protocols that progress towards the production of integral membrane proteins, their extraction and purification in the presence of detergents, and their eventual reconstitution in lipid nanoparticles. These basic procedures can be further optimized to provide integral membrane protein samples that are compatible with a number of structural and/or functional investigations at the molecular level. Each protocol provides general guidelines, technical hints, and specific recommendations, and is illustrated with case studies corresponding to several representative mammalian proteins. © 2020 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.Basic Protocol 1: Production of membrane proteins in a P. pastoris recombinant clone using methanol inductionBasic Protocol 2: Preparation of whole‐membrane fractionsAlternate Protocol 1: Preparation of yeast protoplastsBasic Protocol 3: Extraction of membrane proteins from whole‐membrane fractionsBasic Protocol 4: Purification of membrane proteinsAlternate Protocol 2: Purification of membrane proteins from yeast protoplastsAlternate Protocol 3: Simultaneous protoplast preparation and membrane solubilization for purification of membrane proteinsBasic Protocol 5: Reconstitution of detergent‐purified membrane proteins in lipid nanoparticles
The Impact of Electronic Effects on Photolysis: A Model Study on the 4,5‐Dimethoxy‐2‐nitrobenzyl Caged N‐Phenylpyrimidine‐2‐amine Scaffold
Authors: Kirschner Stefan , Döbber Alexander , Krebs Melanie , Witt Christopher , Hartke Bernd , Peifer Christian 
Published: April 2020

AbstractCaging of pharmacologically active compounds is an interesting approach in biological chemistry and such photoactivatable compounds are also being developed towards novel therapeutic prodrug concepts. In this study we investigated the photolysis of the commonly used 4,5‐dimethoxy‐2‐nitrobenzyl (DMNB) caging moiety attached to the NH‐nitrogen of the pharmacologically relevant N‐phenylpyrimidine‐2‐amine scaffold. Based on this concept, a small set of para‐phenyl substituted derivatives with varying I/M effects (inductive/mesomeric electron‐donating/withdrawing effects) was designed, synthesized and parameters of the photolysis were determined. Hammett constants were related to photokinetic measurements, revealing electron donating effects to be unfavorable for the photolysis reaction. Our findings suggest electronic features of the entire molecule should be taken into account when considering its suitability for the caging concept. The results may also serve as a guideline to make relevant choices for DMNB applications in classical protecting group chemistry.
Initial axon growth rate from embryonic sensory neurons is correlated with birth date
Authors: Horton Anthony R. , Davies Alun M. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAxon growth rate from different populations of sensory neurons is correlated with the distance they have to grow to reach their targets in development: neurons with more distant targets extend axons at intrinsically faster rates. With growth of the embryo, later‐born neurons within each population have further to extend their axons to reach their targets than early‐born neurons. Here we examined whether the axon growth rate is related to birth date by studying the axon growth from neurons that differentiate in vitro from precursor cells isolated throughout the period of neurogenesis. We first showed that neurons that differentiated in vitro from different precursor cell populations exhibited differences in axon growth rate related to in vivo target distance. We then examined the axon growth rate from neurons that differentiate from the same precursor population at different stages throughout the period of neurogenesis. We studied the epibranchial placode precursors that give rise to nodose ganglion neurons in the chicken embryo. We observed a highly significant, threefold difference in axon growth rate from neurons that differentiate from precursor cells cultured early and late during the period of neurogenesis. Our findings suggest that intrinsic differences in axon growth rate are correlated with the neuronal birth date.