bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exosome aggregation mediated stop‐flow paper‐based portable device for rapid exosome quantification
Authors: Chutvirasakul Boonta , Nuchtavorn Nantana , Suntornsuk Leena , Zeng Yong 
Published: December 2019

AbstractExosome quantification is important for estimation of informative messengers (e.g., proteins, lipids, RNA, etc.) involving physiological and pathological effects. This work aimed to develop a simple and rapid distance‐based paper portable device using exosome‐capture vesicles (polydiacetylene conjugated with antiCD81) for exosome quantification in cell cultures. This novel concept relied on distinct aggregation of exosomes and exosome‐capture vesicles leading to different solvent migration. Distances of the migration were used as signal readouts, which could be detected by naked eye. PDA‐antiCD81 as exosome‐capture vesicles were optimized (e.g., size, reaction ratio, and concentration) and the paper designs were investigated (e.g., diameter of sample reservoir and lamination layer) to enhance the solvent stop‐flow effects. Finally, exosome screening on three cell culture samples (COLO1, MDA‐MB‐231, and HuR‐KO1 subclone) was demonstrated. The method could linearly measure exosome concentrations in correlation with solvent migration distances in the range of 106–1010 particles/mL (R2 > 0.98) from the cell culture samples. The exosome concentration measurements by the developed device were independently assessed by nanoparticle tracking analysis. Results demonstrated no statistically significant difference (p > 0.05) by t‐test. This low‐cost and rapid device allows a portable platform for exosome quantification without the requirement of expensive equipment and expertise of operation. The developed device could potentially be useful for quantification of other biomarker‐related extracellular vesicles.
Structural and functional brain correlates of altered taste processing in anorexia nervosa: A systematic review
Authors: Kot Emilia , Kucharska Katarzyna , Monteleone Alessio Maria , Monteleone Palmiero 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectiveA growing body of empirical literature indicates altered taste perception in individuals with anorexia nervosa (AN). However, it remains unknown whether the observed impairments in the neural processing of taste stimuli represent etiopathogenetic factors of AN or whether they are a secondary consequence of malnutrition.MethodIn the current systematic review, scientific studies were identified using the MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Scopus databases. A supplemental search was performed by searches through reference lists of the relevant publications and via Google Scholar.ResultsOn the basis of the searches conducted, 16 publications were identified and included in this literature review. The results of those studies point to disturbances in the structure and functioning of brain regions involved in taste processing in AN.ConclusionsThe findings of the reviewed studies suggest that altered reward, interoceptive, and cognitive–emotional processing may contribute to abnormal taste processing in AN.
Particle swarm grammatical evolution for energy demand estimation
Authors: Martínez‐Rodríguez David , Colmenar J. Manuel , Hidalgo J. Ignacio , Villanueva Micó Rafael‐J. , Salcedo‐Sanz Sancho 
Published: December 2019

AbstractGrammatical Swarm is a search and optimization algorithm that belongs to the more general Grammatical Evolution family, which works with a set of solutions called individuals or particles. It uses the Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm as the search engine in the evolution of solutions. In this paper, we present a Grammatical Swarm algorithm for total energy demand estimation in a country from macroeconomic variables. Each particle in the Grammatical Swarm encodes a different model for energy demand estimation, which will be decoded by a predefined grammar. The parameters of the model are also optimized by the proposed algorithm, in such a way that the model is adjusted to a training set of real energy demand data, selecting the more appropriate variables to appear in the model. We analyze the performance of the Grammatical Swarm evolution in two real problems of one‐year ahead energy demand estimation in Spain and France. The proposal is compared with previous approaches with competitive results.
Determining critical risk factors affecting public‐private partnership waste‐to‐energy incineration projects in China
Authors: Cui Caiyun , Sun Chenjunyan , Liu Yong , Jiang Xiaoyan , Chen Qing 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAs the most effective way to manage the surge in municipal solid waste (MSW) and global energy issues, waste‐to‐energy (WTE) incineration plants have been actively promoted by the Chinese government, and the public‐private partnership (PPP) procurement model is widely used to improve management efficiency. However, risk events have occurred frequently in this industry due to a lack of practice experience and to poor risk management. To investigate the potential risk factors in PPP WTE incineration projects in China, this paper aims to identify critical risk factors by assessing their severity and occurrence probability. Opinions of industry experts were collected via an empirical questionnaire survey. The respondents were invited to rate a total of 18 risk factors that impact the success of PPP WTE projects as gleaned from previous research. The overall results ranked risk factors based on risk impact and showed that public opposition, government decision making, defective legal and regulatory systems, environmental pollution, lack of supporting infrastructure, and government credit are the top six risk factors affecting the sustainable development of PPP WTE incineration projects. In addition, the causes and consequences of each critical risk factor are comprehensively analyzed. Lastly, practical and managerial implications are analyzed in terms of their management of these critical risks. The originality of this research lies in thoroughly identifying potential implicit risk factors according to the current social background using an empirical questionnaire survey based on case study findings. The results of this study are expected to improve risk management and facilitate the sustainable development of the PPP WTE incineration industry in China.
Discordant pathological diagnosis of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease: A prospective multicenter study
Authors: Kuwashiro Takuya , Takahashi Hirokazu , Hyogo Hideyuki , Ogawa Yuji , Imajo Kento , Yoneda Masato , Nakahara Takashi , Oeda Satoshi , Tanaka Kenichi , Amano Yuichiro , Ogawa Shinji , Kawaguchi Atsushi , Aishima Shinichi , Kage Masayoshi , Chayama Kazuaki , Nakajima Atsushi , Eguchi Yuichiro 
Published: December 2019

BackgroundLiver biopsy has been the standard procedure for diagnosing and evaluating the severity of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH); however, interobserver discordance remains a critical issue in its pathological diagnosis.Methods and ResultsWe examined the concordance rates of pathological scoring and diagnosis between pathologists at individual institutions (local diagnosis) and two central pathologists specialized in liver pathology (central diagnosis). A total of 150 patients with NAFLD underwent prospective liver biopsies. NAFLD activity score (NAS) and fibrosis stage were evaluated, and NASH was determined according to Matteoni's classification. NAS, scores for all NAS components, and fibrosis stage were diagnosed at a lower degree by central compared with local diagnosis. NASH was diagnosed in 34% of the patients according to central pathologists compared with 54% according to local pathologists (P < 0.001). The concordance rates for NAS, steatosis, inflammation, ballooning, fibrosis, and NASH diagnosis were 26.7, 62.7, 51.3, 48.7, 43.3, and 50.7%, respectively. The correlation coefficient between local and central diagnoses was the lowest for the scoring of ballooning (ρ = 0.218).ConclusionConcordance rates among pathologists for the evaluation of NAFLD are currently poor, and simple and reliable diagnostic and evaluation criteria are urgently needed to improve the clinical management of NAFLD patients.
Vertex‐disjoint properly edge‐colored cycles in edge‐colored complete graphs
Authors: Li Ruonan , Broersma Hajo , Zhang Shenggui 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIt is conjectured that every edge‐colored complete graph on vertices satisfying contains vertex‐disjoint properly edge‐colored cycles. We confirm this conjecture for , prove several additional weaker results for general , and we establish structural properties of possible minimum counterexamples to the conjecture. We also reveal a close relationship between properly edge‐colored cycles in edge‐colored complete graphs and directed cycles in multipartite tournaments. Using this relationship and our results on edge‐colored complete graphs, we obtain several partial solutions to a conjecture on disjoint cycles in directed graphs due to Bermond and Thomassen.
Combining newborn metabolic and genetic screening for neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis caused by citrin deficiency
Authors: Lin Yiming , Liu Yaru , Zhu Lin , Le Kaixing , Shen Yuyan , Yang Chiju , Chen Xigui , Hu Haili , Ma Qingqing , Shi Xueqin , Hu Zhenzhen , Yang Jianbin , Shen Yaping , Lin Chien‐Hsing , Huang Chenggang , Huang Xinwen 
Published: December 2019

AbstractTo evaluate the feasibility of incorporating genetic screening for neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis, caused by citrin deficiency (NICCD), into the current newborn screening (NBS) program. We designed a high‐throughput iPLEX genotyping assay to detect 28 SLC25A13 mutations in the Chinese population. From March 2018 to June 2018, 237 630 newborns were screened by tandem mass spectrometry at six hospitals. Newborns with citrulline levels between 1/2cutoff and cutoff values of the upper limit were recruited for genetic screening using the newly developed assay. The sensitivity and specificity of the iPLEX genotyping assay both reached 100% in clinical practice. Overall, 29 364 (12.4%) newborns received further genetic screening. Five patients with conclusive genotypes were successfully identified. The most common SLC25A13 mutation was c.851_854del, with an allele frequency of 60%. In total, 658 individuals with one mutant allele were identified as carriers. Eighteen different mutations were observed, yielding a carrier rate of 1/45. Notably, Quanzhou in southern China had a carrier rate of up to 1/28, whereas Jining in northern China had a carrier rate higher than that of other southern and border cities. The high throughput iPLEX genotyping assay is an effective and reliable approach for NICCD genotyping. The combined genetic screening could identify an additional subgroup of patients with NICCD, undetectable by conventional NBS. Therefore, this study demonstrates the viability of incorporating genetic screening for NICCD into the current NBS program.
The 1‐13C galactose breath test in GALT deficient patients distinguishes NBS detected variant patients but does not predict outcome in classical phenotypes
Authors: Welsink‐Karssies Mendy M. , van Harskamp Dewi , Ferdinandusse Sacha , Hollak Carla E. M. , Huidekoper Hidde H. , Janssen Mirian C. H. , Kemper E. Marleen , Langendonk Janneke G. , Rubio‐Gozalbo M. Estela , de Vries Maaike C. , Wijburg Frits A. , Schierbeek Henk , Bosch Annet M. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractClassical galactosemia (CG) patients frequently develop long‐term complications despite early dietary treatment. The highly variable clinical outcome is poorly understood and a lack of prognostic biomarkers hampers individual prognostication and treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between residual galactose oxidation capacity and clinical and biochemical outcomes in CG patients with varying geno‐ and phenotypes. The noninvasive 1‐13C galactose breath test was used to assess whole body galactose oxidation capacity. Participants received a 7 mg/kg oral dose of 1‐13C labelled galactose. The galactose oxidation capacity was determined by calculating the cumulative percentage dose of the administered galactose (CUMPCD) recovered as 13CO2 in exhaled air. Forty‐one CG patients (5–47 years) and four adult controls were included. The median galactose oxidation capacity after 120 minutes (CUMPCDT120) of 34 classical patients (0.29; 0.08–7.51) was significantly lower when compared to two homozygous p.Ser135Leu patients (9.44; 8.66–10.22), one heterozygous p.Ser135Leu patient 18.59, four NBS detected variant patients (13.79; 12.73–14.87) and four controls (9.29; 8.94–10.02). There was a clear correlation between Gal‐1‐P levels and CUMPCDT120 (P < .0005). In the classical patients, the differences in CUMPCDT120 were small and did not distinguish between patients with poor and normal clinical outcomes. The galactose breath test distinguished classical patients from homo‐ and heterozygous p.Ser135Leu and NBS detected variant patients, but was not able to predict clinical outcomes in classical patients. Future studies are warranted to enable individualised prognostication and treatment, especially in NBS variants with galactose oxidation capacities in the control range.
Current state of the art MRI for the longitudinal assessment of cystic fibrosis
Authors: Woods Jason C. , Wild Jim M. , Wielpütz Mark O. , Clancy John P. , Hatabu Hiroto , Kauczor Hans‐Ulrich , van Beek Edwin J.R. , Altes Talissa A. 
Published: December 2019

Pulmonary MRI can now provide high‐resolution images that are sensitive to early disease and specific to inflammation in cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease. With specificity and function limited via computed tomography (CT), there are significant advantages to MRI. Many of the modern MRI techniques can be performed throughout life, and can be employed to understand changes over time, in addition to quantification of treatment response. Proton density and T1/T2 contrast images can be obtained within a single breath‐hold, providing depiction of structural abnormalities and active inflammation. Modern radial and/or spiral ultrashort echo‐time (UTE) techniques rival CT in resolution for depiction and quantification of structure, for both airway and parenchymal abnormalities. Contrast perfusion MRI techniques are now utilized routinely to visualize changes in pulmonary and bronchial circulation that routinely occur in CF lung disease, and noncontrast techniques are moving closer to clinical translation. Functional information can be obtained from noncontrast proton images alone, using techniques such as Fourier decomposition. Hyperpolarized‐gas MRI, increasingly using 129Xe, is now becoming more widespread and has been demonstrated to have high sensitivity to early airway obstruction in CF via ventilation MRI. The sensitivity of 129Xe MRI promises future use in personalized medicine, management of early CF lung disease, and in future clinical trials. By combining structural and functional techniques, with or without hyperpolarized gases, regional structure–function relationships can be obtained, giving insight into the pathophysiology of disease and improved clinical management. This article reviews the modern MRI techniques that can routinely be employed for CF lung disease in nearly any large medical center.Level of Evidence: 4Technical Efficacy Stage: 5J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019.
Occurrence and impacts of tropical cyclones over the southern South China Sea
Authors: Shi Yanping , Du Yan , Chen Zesheng , Zhou Wen 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis study investigates the seasonal variation of tropical cyclone (TC) occurrences over the southern South China Sea (SCS) based on the Joint Typhoon Warning Center dataset during 1979–2016. In this region, TCs are most active from October to December (OND), rather than in the active TC season from July to October (JASO) in other western North Pacific (WNP). According to the location of their genesis, the southern SCS TCs are divided into two groups. One consists of TCs generating in the WNP, which are induced by a westward steering flow and move into the southern SCS in OND. The other group contains TCs generated locally in the SCS that move into the southern SCS, which peak in OND due to the positive relative vorticity and high genesis potential index (GPI). In this region, TC genesis is influenced by the El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO). On an interannual scale, TCs tend to occur in La Niña years due to high GPI. In addition, the mid‐level relative humidity and the low level vorticity play important roles in the contribution of the environmental factors of GPI during ENSO. Both composite analysis and a case study show the impact of TCs on precipitation. TC occurrence is accompanied by heavy rainfall, which is triple the amount of climatological rainfall in OND during 1979–2016, over 15 mm⋅day−1. Nevertheless, the influence of locally generated TCs, rather than TCs generated in the WNP, contributes to more heavy rainfall in the southern SCS.
Effects of cooking on the phytochemical profile of breadfruit as revealed by high‐resolution UPLC–MSE
Authors: Pimenta do Nascimento Talita , Barros Santos Millena Cristina , Pimentel de Abreu Joel , Lengruber Gonçalves Teixeira de Almeida Iris , Barreto da Silva Feijó Márcia , Junger Teodoro Anderson , Simões Larraz Ferreira Mariana , Cameron Luiz Claudio , Bello Koblitz Maria Gabriela 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDThis study evaluated the impact of cooking on the profile of bioactive compounds in unripe breadfruit. To this end, the accessibility of bioactive compounds by various solvents was assessed through total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity analyses. The most efficient solvent was applied to extract the metabolites, which were evaluated by ultra‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with high‐resolution quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry in MSE mode.RESULTSCooked and raw breadfruit presented total phenolic content and antioxidant capacities in almost all extracts, and pure water proved to be the best extractor. Globally, 146 bioactive compounds have been identified for both raw and cooked fruits’ aqueous extracts. Most of these compounds were stable to the heat treatment applied (121 °C/10 min). However, results revealed that 22 metabolites contributed to significantly distinguishing the raw from the cooked samples. Among those, 15 compounds, such as pyrogallol, 1‐acetoxypinoresinol, and scopolin, evidenced higher relative abundance in the cooked extracts. On the other hand, only seven metabolites, such as 4‐hydroxyhippuric acid, epicatechin, and leptodactylone, decreased post‐heating.CONCLUSIONSCooking promoted little alteration in the bioactive compounds profile of immature breadfruit and thus appears to be an exploitation alternative for this perishable fruit, which seems to be a source of a large range of bioactive compounds. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
A visual analog scale for patient‐reported voice outcomes: The VAS voice
Authors: Naunheim Matthew R. , Dai Jennifer B. , Rubinstein Benjamin J. , Goldberg Leanne , Weinberg Alan , Courey Mark S. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectivesAlthough patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs) can be useful for assessing quality of life, they can be complex and cognitively burdensome. In this study, we prospectively evaluated a simple patient‐reported voice assessment measure on a visual analog scale (VAS voice) and compared it with the Voice Handicap Index (VHI‐10).Study designProspective survey.MethodsAn abbreviated voice measure was designed by a team of otolaryngologists, speech pathologists, and patients that consisted of four VAS questions related to (a) a global question of voice disturbance, (b) physical function of voice, (c) functional issues, and (d) emotional handicap. All English‐speaking patients presenting to an academic laryngology clinic for a voice complaint were included. Internal consistency and validity were assessed with comparison to the VHI‐10.ResultsA total of 209 patients were enrolled. Ninety‐two percent of patients reported understanding the survey. The four‐item VAS survey was highly correlated with VHI‐10 score (Pearson correlation .81, P < .0001), and the Cronbach's alpha between all four VAS questions was .94. Age, gender, and diagnosis were not associated with either the global VAS or VHI‐10 tool.ConclusionReducing the complexity of instruments assessing voice‐related quality of life is feasible, and the VAS voice correlated with existing measures. Simplified assessments may offer advantages compared to more cumbersome PROMs.Level of Evidence2c
Insights into the microstructural parameters and mechanical property correlation of Al3Ti phase reinforced Al based nanocomposites
Authors: Chatterjee S. , Mallick A.B. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractVariations in the microstructural properties of Al/Al3Ti nanocomposites, prepared through stir casting technique were examined by x‐ray diffraction analysis using modified Warren Averbach and modified Williamson method. The study revealed that screw dislocations are predominantly generated in the nanocomposites, which contain higher volume percent of Al3Ti. However, at lower Al3Ti content, the finer intermetallic particulates during rolling, are displaced from their initial position, which lead to decrease in percent screw dislocation and subsequent increase in percent edge dislocation. Evolution of the different microstructural features in the nanocomposites were related to the variations in the composition. Textural studies were carried out to understand the effect of compositional variation on the microstructure and properties of the nanocomposites. It has been found that due to the presence of high strain, Brass type structure and the γ fiber are predominant texture component in the nanocomposites. The contribution of microstructure and microstructural parameters, e. g. dislocation density, dislocation type and textural characteristics along with the fractographical analysis were shown to have links with the mechanical properties of the nanocomposites
Circ_0000267 promotes gastric cancer progression via sponging MiR‐503‐5p and regulating HMGA2 expression
Authors: Cai Xiaopeng , Nie Jiayan , Chen Liangdong , Yu Fang 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundCircular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of newly discovered RNAs that attach great importance to modulate gene expression and biological function. Nonetheless, in gastric cancer (GC), the expression and function of circRNA are much less explored. In this study, circ_0000267 expression in GC was investigated and the function and mechanism of circ_0000267 was probed.Materials and MethodsQuantitative real‐time PCR (qRT‐PCR) was employed to detect circ_0000267, miR‐503‐5p, and HMGA2 expression. Immunohistochemistry and western blot were adopted to detect HMGA2 and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT)‐related proteins (E‐cadherin and N‐cadherin) expression in GC tissues and cells, respectively. GC cell lines with circ_0000267 overexpressed and knocked down were constructed, and CCK‐8 assay, BrdU assay, scratch healing assay, and transwell assay were employed to assess the effect of circ_0000267 on the proliferation and metastasis of GC cells. Besides, dual‐luciferase reporter gene assay was adopted to verify the targeting relationship between circ_0000267 and miR‐503‐5p.ResultsCirc_0000267 showed a significant upregulation in GC tissues and cell lines, and its high expression level was extremely linked to the increased tumor diameter and local lymph node metastasis. Circ_0000267 overexpression accelerated GC cell proliferation, metastasis, and EMT processes, while knocking down circ_0000267 led to the opposite effect. From the perspective of mechanism, circ_0000267 promoted the progression of GC through adsorbing miR‐503‐5p and upregulating HMGA2 expression.ConclusionCirc_0000267 is an oncogenic circRNA that affects the progression of GC, which participates in promotion of GC proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT via modulating the miR‐503‐5p/HMGA2 axis.