bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel prognostic prediction model constructed through machine learning on the basis of methylation-driven genes in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma
Authors: Tang Weihao , Cao Yiling , Ma Xiaoke 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) is a common tumor with poor prognosis and is closely related to many aberrant gene expressions. DNA methylation is an important epigenetic modification mechanism and a novel research target. Thus, exploring the relationship between methylation-driven genes and KIRC prognosis is important. The methylation profile, methylation-driven genes, and methylation characteristics in KIRC was revealed through the integration of KIRC methylation, RNA-seq, and clinical information data from The Cancer Genome Atlas. The Lasso regression was used to establish a prognosis model on the basis of methylation-driven genes. Then, a trans-omics prognostic nomogram was constructed and evaluated by combining clinical information and methylated prognosis model. A total of 242 methylation-driven genes were identified. The Gene Ontology terms of these methylation-driven genes mainly clustered in the activation, adhesion, and proliferation of immune cells. The methylation prognosis prediction model that was established using the Lasso regression included four genes in the methylation data, namely, FOXI2, USP44, EVI2A, and TRIP13. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates were 0.810, 0.824, and 0.799, respectively, in the training group and 0.794, 0.752, and 0.731, respectively, in the testing group. An easy trans-omics nomogram was successfully established. The C-indices of the nomogram in the training and the testing groups were 0.8015 and 0.8389, respectively. The present study revealed the overall perspective of methylation-driven genes in KIRC and can help in the evaluation of the prognosis of KIRC patients and provide new clues for further study.
CO2 Profiling by Space-Borne Raman Lidar
Authors: Di Girolamo Paolo , Serio Carmine , Wulfmeyer Volker , Behrendt Andreas , Dionisi Davide 
Published: July 2020

As clearly reported in the IPCC fifth Assessment Report, CO2 emissions are already producing destructive effects to the plant ecosystem through the alteration of soil-atmosphere interaction mechanisms.
Although the space and ground network for CO2 monitoring has regularly expanded over the past 50 years, it does not guarantee the necessary spatial and temporal resolution needed for a quantitative analysis of sources and sinks. For the purpose of estimating forests’ carbon capturing capabilities, accurate measurements of CO2 gradients between the forest floor and the top of the canopy, which ultimately translates into the capability to measure CO2 concentration profiles. Space sensors provide CO2 measurements above forest canopies, which do not allow to properly estimate Gross Primary Production (GPP).
These observational gaps could be addressed with an active remote sensing system in space based on the vibrational Raman lidar technique. CO2 profile measurements are possible, together with simultaneous measurements of the temperature and water vapour mixing ratio profile and a variety of additional variables (aerosol backscatter profile, aerosol extinction profile, PBL depth, cloud top and base heights, cloud optical depth). An assessment of the expected performance of the system has been performed based on the application of an analytical simulation model developed at University of Basilicata.
Lupus 2020
Authors: Mucke Johanna , Schneider Matthias 
Published: July 2020

Was ist neu?
Klassifikation 2020 Die neuen ACR/EULAR-Klassifikationskriterien für den systemischen Lupus erythematodes (SLE) stellen einen wichtigen Beitrag zur Optimierung klinischer Studien und eine Hilfestellung zur Diagnostik dar. So kann ein SLE erst als solcher klassifiziert werden, wenn antinukleäre Antikörper (ANA) ab einer Titerhöhe von 1:80 unabhängig vom Fluoreszenzmuster nachgewiesen werden. Sind ANA nachgewiesen, erhalten Lupus-spezifische Symptome und serologische Auffälligkeiten eine unterschiedliche Wichtung für die Klassifikation.
Therapie 2020 Mit der Überarbeitung der EULAR-Empfehlungen zum Management des SLE sowie der Lupusnephritis und des Antiphospholipid-Syndroms stehen nun wichtige neue Therapieprinzipien zur Verfügung. So sollte jede Lupus-Therapie ganz im Sinne eines Treat-to-Target-Ansatzes das Ziel der Remission verfolgen. Dies dient der Sicherung des Langzeitüberlebens, der Reduktion von Schaden sowie der Verbesserung von Lebensqualität. Erreicht werden diese Ziele durch konsequente Therapie auf Basis einer regelmäßigen Evaluation der Krankheitsaktivität. Alle Patienten sollen bei Abwesenheit von Kontraindikationen Antimalariamittel erhalten. Bei unzureichendem Ansprechen auf Antimalariamittel bzw. organgefährdende Manifestationen werden Steroidpulse (über wenige Tage) sowie der frühzeitige Einsatz von Immunsuppressiva (IM) und Biologika wie Belimumab und Rituximab (off-label) empfohlen.
How frequency hopping suppresses pulse-echo ambiguity in bat biosonar
Authors: Ming Chen , Bates Mary E. , Simmons James A. 
Published: July 2020

SignificanceThe wide frequency spectrum of FM bat biosonar sounds enables accurate perception of echo delay (target distance) by contributing numerous delay estimates across frequencies. However, bats require the lowest frequencies in the broadcast to be present in echoes for all higher frequencies to contribute, too. By incorporating this feature into an existing auditory model of FM biosonar, the model can reject echoes that lack the lowest frequencies in the most recent broadcast, thus suppressing echoes of an earlier broadcast that has slightly higher low-end frequencies. This biologically inspired method adopts the bat’s frequency-hopping technique to suppress pulse-echo ambiguity in wideband systems, a serious problem for man-made wideband radar and sonar systems.
Adherence to suicide reporting guidelines by news shared on a social networking platform
Authors: Sumner Steven A. , Burke Moira , Kooti Farshad 
Published: July 2020

Significance
Rates of suicide in the United States have increased over recent decades. One modifiable risk factor for suicide is exposure to sensationalized media content about suicide. Health authorities have published guidelines for news media reporting on suicide; however, uptake of recommendations remains limited. We conducted a study to analyze adherence to the guidelines on news shared on Facebook and assessed how adherence affects reader engagement. Certain harmful elements were widely prevalent in news media while protective elements were limited; however, contrary to popular perception, articles which more closely adhered to safe-reporting practices were shared more often. Variability in scores exists across nations and publisher types with implications for journalists, public health organizations, social media companies, researchers, and lay readers.
Basal ganglia beta oscillations during sleep underlie Parkinsonian insomnia
Authors: Mizrahi-Kliger Aviv D. , Kaplan Alexander , Israel Zvi , Deffains Marc , Bergman Hagai 
Published: July 2020

Significance
Basal ganglia (BG) beta oscillations are a hallmark of Parkinson’s disease (PD) and are specifically reported to correlate with akinesia and rigidity during wakefulness. Studying spontaneous sleep in the nonhuman primate MPTP model of PD, we report that beta oscillations persist into NREM sleep. In the setting of the sleeping brain, BG beta oscillations correlate with a reduction of slow oscillations across the cortex and BG, and scale with insomnia severity. We suggest that similarly to the way synchronous cortico-BG beta oscillations are postulated to advance the PD akinetic motor symptoms during wakefulness, they may contribute to slow oscillation destabilization and insomnia during sleep, thereby underlying two seemingly diverging symptoms of PD.
Maternal effect killing by a supergene controlling ant social organization
Authors: Avril Amaury , Purcell Jessica , Béniguel Sébastien , Chapuisat Michel 
Published: July 2020

SignificanceSupergenes are clusters of linked loci producing complex alternative phenotypes. In a series of experiments, we demonstrate that a supergene controlling ant social organization distorts Mendel’s laws to enhance its transmission to adult offspring. One supergene haplotype is specific to multiple-queen colonies. This haplotype kills half of the offspring from heterozygous mothers—all eggs that do not inherit the haplotype fail to hatch. Hence, the haplotype associated with multiple-queen colonies is a selfish genetic element favoring its transmission to the detriment of the alternate haplotype associated with single-queen colonies. Selfish gene drive by a large group of linked genes impacts the social organization of ant colonies, which illustrates the intricate multilevel effects of supergenes.
Structural basis for autophagy inhibition by the human Rubicon–Rab7 complex
Authors: Bhargava Hersh K. , Tabata Keisuke , Byck Jordan M. , Hamasaki Maho , Farrell Daniel P. , Anishchenko Ivan , DiMaio Frank , Im Young Jun , Yoshimori Tamotsu , Hurley James H. 
Published: July 2020

Significance
Autophagy (cellular self-eating) is essential for the health and survival of eukaryotic cells. Therapeutic autophagy induction is a major goal in the field. Rubicon inhibits autophagy and is a potential target for autophagy inducers. Rubicon is localized to its site of action in the cell by binding to the small GTPase Rab7. Here, we report a high-resolution structure of a large part of Rubicon, known as the Rubicon Homology (RH) domain. We show how the RH domain binds to Rab7 and show that the Rab7-binding residues of Rubicon are essential for Rubicon localization and autophagy inhibition. This provides a roadmap to block Rubicon localization and activity in order to upregulate autophagy.
Pervasive and perplexing pies
Authors: Kostelnick Charles 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Although pie charts remain a highly popular genre for visualizing data, evident partly by their continued use in corporate annual reports, designers and theorists and have long critiqued and even denigrated them. This conflicted relationship with pie charts has resulted largely from their paucity of data, labeling difficulties, and perceptual weaknesses. Like many primary data design genres, however, pie charts attained their conventional status as a result of a long evolutionary process, initiated in the later nineteenth century by experimentation, hybrid forms, and data-rich designs. After the subsequent simplification and minimizing effects of twentieth-century modernism, pie charts have begun to experience a reemergence of innovation with digital data design, which has reintroduced hybridity into pie charts, vastly enlarged their data domain, and addressed at least some of their perceived weaknesses.
Role of sports psychology and sports nutrition in return to play from musculoskeletal injuries in professional soccer: an interdisciplinary approach
Authors: Rollo I. , Carter J. M. , Close G. L. , Yangüas J. , Gomez‐Diaz A. , Medina Leal D. , Duda J. L. , Holohan D. , Erith S. J. , Podlog L. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMusculoskeletal injuries are prevalent in professional soccer and can result in lost training time or match play. It is intuitive that the “return to play” (RTP) pathway will depend, in large part, on the expertise of sports medicine practitioners (e.g. surgeons, physicians, physiotherapists) responsible for player's recovery. Consensus statements on returning athletes to sport following injury acknowledge the contributions of sport psychology and sports nutrition. However, specific consideration on how to integrate these two recognized – but often overlooked components of injury rehabilitation – into existing sport medicine approaches has yet to be examined. Using a framework of milestones directed by the medical physician and physical trainer, the evidence is summarized and suggestions provided on the integration of sports psychology and sports nutrition into an interdisciplinary RTP approach. We examine recovery from a phase approach (acute injury and functional recovery) to highlight interdisciplinary opportunities in the management of musculoskeletal soccer injuries. An interdisciplinary approach is understood to achieve outcomes that could not be achieved within the framework of a single discipline. The incorporation of sports psychology and nutrition theoretically compliment milestones used in current medically‐based RTP models. Our hope is that this article serves as a catalyst for interdisciplinary practice and research – not only in sports nutrition and sports psychology – but across all sport and exercise disciplines.
Justifying the protest camp: How Occupy movements’ ‘intimate protest’ challenged ideas about legitimate manifestation
Authors: Dekker Mischa J.T. , Duyvendak Jan Willem 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT
The occupation of public space has become a key part of the repertoire of contention of contemporary social movements, at the heart of Occupy Wall Street, Indignados, Nuit Debout, and revolutionary movements of the Arab Spring. Despite the enormous resonance that these movements have had, they have also engendered criticism. Based on in-depth ethnographic fieldwork of two Occupy movements–Occupy Wall Street in New York and Occupy Utrecht in the Netherlands–we show how media and other outsiders accused protesters of being insufficiently politically motivated, and overly concerned with what they considered to be ‘private matters’ such as sleeping and partying. By analysing debates and negotiations between protesters and outsiders over their right to occupy public space, we show how these encampments put received ideas on what constitutes a legitimate ‘political’ act of protest to the test. We propose the notion of ‘test’ from pragmatic sociology as a useful methodological and conceptual tool for social movement studies.
A low jitter, low cost optical chopper
Authors: Udommai Parinya , Harvey Matthew , James Murray Andrew 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
An optical chopper is described that has comparable performance to commercially available units. The new chopper is built within the frame of a hard disk drive, and uses the existing motor and its disk for operation. The rotation speed is measured using a photo-interrupter and is adjusted with a microcontroller. Chopping frequencies from 150 Hz to 1650 Hz with phase jitter less than 0.38 degrees per revolution have been demonstrated. The hardware design and control algorithm are described, and results showing the phase jitter characteristics are presented. The performance of this new design is comparable to that of commercial optical choppers, and can be built for a fraction of their cost.
Investigating the origins of ultra-short relaxation times of silver filaments in forming-free SiO2-based conductive bridge memristors
Authors: Bousoulas Panagiotis , Sakellaropoulos Dionisis , Papakonstantinopoulos Charalampos , Kitsios Stavros , Arvanitis Chris , Bagakis Emmanouil , Tsoukalas Dimitris 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The threshold switching effect is considered of outmost importance for a variety of applications ranging from the reliable operation of crossbar architectures to emulating neuromorphic properties with artificial neural networks. This property is strongly believed to be associated with the rich inherit dynamics of a metallic conductive filament (CF) formation and its respective relaxation processes. Understanding the origin of these dynamics is very important in order to control the degree of volatility and design novel electronic devices. Here, we present a synergistic numerical and experimental approach in order to deal with that issue. The distribution of relaxation time is addressed through time-resolved pulse measurements whereas the entire switching behavior is modeled through a 2D dynamical model by taking into account the destructive interference of the drift/diffusion transport mechanisms and the Soret diffusion flux due to the intense local Joule heating. The proposed mechanism interprets successfully both the threshold to bipolar switching transition as well as the self-rectifying effects in SiO2-based memories. The model incorporates the effect of electrode materials on the switching pattern and provides a different perception of the ionic transport processes, shading light into the ultra-small lifetimes of the CF and explaining the different behavior of the silver or copper active materials in a conductive bridge random access memory architecture.
Weak measurement induced asymmetric quantum cloning
Authors: Fang Bao-Long , Chen Jiaojiao , Chen Feng , Ye Liu 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Asymmetric quantum cloning (QC) is important for eavesdropping due to non-cloning quantum theorem. In this paper we propose a method to produce an asymmetric QC using weak measurement. Compared with previous proposals (1999 Phys. Rev. A 60 2764, 2004 Phy.s Rev. A 69 062316), the fidelity of one copy can be improved, while the other one reduces more smoothly. Also, the average fidelity of two copies can be raised.
Influence of uncertainty in hadronic interaction models on the sensitivity estimation of Cherenkov Telescope Array
Authors: Ohishi M , Arbeletche L , de Souza V , Maier G , Bernlöhr K , Moralejo A , Bregeon J , Arrabito L , Yoshikoshi T 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Very-high-energy (VHE) interaction between cosmic-ray proton and nuclei in the atmosphere is still not perfectly understood and efforts to improve interaction models used in simulations are ongoing, with feedback from various collider and air shower experiments. Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs) are indirect VHE gamma-ray detectors on the ground and cosmic-ray proton is a major background to gamma-ray measurements in these systems. Rejection power of background protons determines most part of the gamma-ray sensitivity curve of IACTs. As for an IACT system in design phase, simulated proton events are used to estimate the residual background level. We investigated the influence of the uncertainty in the current hadronic interaction models on the estimated gamma-ray sensitivity of Cherenkov Telescope Array, using several interaction models available in CORSIKA.
X-ray K and L terms estimation in free many-electron atoms and ions
Authors: Shpatakovskaya G V 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Information about x-ray terms is necessary to calculate an ionization cross section of atoms or ions by intense energy beam of other particles, also for spectroscopic research method, astrophysical applications. In the paper the simple method is offered to estimate x-ray terms of many-electron atoms and ions. It is based on the atomic number and ionization degree scaling of electron orbital energies. The Dirac–Fock data of some ions of three elements (V, Pd, U) are used to construct the required dependence. One can calculate K and L x-ray terms of ions of the same and other elements using the appropriate polynomial approximations. The inaccuracy does not exceed 8%.
Laser ablation in liquid
Authors: Petrov Yu V , Khokhlov V A , Zhakhovsky V V , Inogamov N A 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Laser ablation in a liquid (LAL) is an important and perspective way to create nanoparticles (NPs) necessary for modern technologies. LAL is not fully understood. Deep understanding is necessary to optimize processes and decrease high price of the LAL NPs. Today there are two groups of studies: in one of them scientists go from analyzing of bubble dynamics (thus they proceed from the late stages), while in another one, scientists investigate early stages of ablation. In the present paper we consider the process as whole: from ablation and up to formation of a bubble and its inflation. Thus we cover extremely wide range of spatiotemporal scales. We consider a role of absorbed energy and duration of pulse (femtosecond, multi-picosecond, nanosecond). Importance of supercritical states is emphasized. Diffusive atomic and hydrodynamic mixing due to Rayleigh–Taylor instability and their mutual interdependence are described. Liquid near contact with metal is heated by dissipation in strong shock and due to small but finite heat conduction in liquid; metal absorbing laser energy is hot and thus it serves as a heater for liquid. Spatial expansion and cooling of atomically mixed liquid and metal causes condensation of metal into NPs when pressure drops below critical pressure for metal. Development of bubble takes place during the next stages of decrease of pressure below critical parameters for liquid and below ambient pressure in liquid. Thin hot layer of liquid near contact expands in volume to many orders of magnitude filling the inflating bubble.
Analyzing x-ray emission of target impurities to determine the parameters of recombining laser plasma
Authors: Filippov E D , Skobelev I Yu , Revet G , Chen S N , Fuchs J , Pikuz S A 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In this work, the possibility of the implementation of impurities in the compositions of solid thick targets irradiated by intense lasers is discussed in order to solve problems of optically-thick plasma diagnostics. Calculations were conducted for relative intensities of oxygen resonance lines (H-like—3p–1s, 4p–1s, 5p–1s, 6p–1s, 7p–1s transitions) in a recombination quasi-stationary model to obtain plasma parameters. In the experiment with 0.6 ns, 40 J laser pulses focused to 600 μm focal spot at solid polyvinylidene chloride target the parameters of plasma jet stopped by solid oxidized Teflon obstacle were studied by means of spatially-resolved x-ray spectroscopy.
The propagation effects in ultrafast nonlinear electro-optical modulation in thin film on a substrate
Authors: Bilyk V R , Grishunin K A , Sherstyuk N E , Mishina E D , Ovchinnikov A V , Chefonov O V 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The propagation of short optical and terahertz pulses through a noncentrosymmetric (ferroelectric) film on a centrosymmetric substrate is considered. The effect of terahertz electro-induced second harmonic generation is observed in the film. It is shown that the difference in the group velocities of THz and optical pulses leads to a non-mirror-like dependence of the transient nonlinear-optical response upon a mirror image of the film–substrate structure relative to its surface.
Radiation in non-transparent and transparent plasma: Modified Planck distribution and zero vacuum fluctuations
Authors: Trigger S A 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
A study of equilibrium radiation in plasma media shows that the spectral energy distribution of such radiation is different from the distribution of Planck equilibrium radiation. Using the quantum electrodynamic approach, a general relation was found for the spectral energy density of equilibrium radiation in a system of charged particles for opaque and transparent media.
Comparison of laser breakdown and laser ablation ignition thresholds of combustible gas mixtures
Authors: Anishchanka Y V , Loktionov E Y 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
One of the strong advantages stated for laser spark plugs is the ability to ignite fuel lean mixtures resulting in improved fuel economy and reduced NO
x
emission. However, lean mixtures demand high laser pulse energies for ignition. That could be overcome by using laser ablation rather than optical breakdown plasma to establish the combustion core. For fuel equivalence ratios ϕ ≈ 0.4–1.3, we have experimentally compared ignition thresholds for these two cases at pressures of p ≈ 1–3 bar of a butane-based combustible mixture. Our results show that laser pulse energy for fuel lean mixtures ignition can be significantly (by more than an order of magnitude) reduced using the ablator (stainless steel SS304) as compared to optical breakdown.