bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Production of tailor-made enzymes to facilitate lipid extraction from the oleaginous yeast Schwanniomyces occidentalis
Authors: Heshof Ruud , Visscher Bram , van de Zilver Eric , van de Vondervoort Rick , van Keulen Femke , Delahaije Roy J. B. M. , Wind Richèle D. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractDue to the depletion of fossil fuel resources and concern about increasing atmospheric CO2 levels, the production of microbial oil as source for energy and chemicals is considered as a sustainable alternative. A promising candidate strain for the production of microbial oil is the oleaginous yeast Schwanniomyces occidentalis CBS 2864. To compete with fossil resources, cultivation and processing of S. occidentalis requires improvement. Currently, different cell wall disruption techniques based on mechanical, chemical, physiological, and biological methods are being investigated using a variety of oil producing yeasts and microalgae. Most of these techniques are not suitable for upscaling because they are technically or energetically unfavorable. Therefore, new techniques have to be developed to overcome this challenge. Here, we demonstrate an effective mild enzymatic approach for cell disruption to facilitate lipid extraction from the oleaginous yeast S. occidentalis. Most oil was released by applying 187 mg L−1 tailor-made enzymes from Trichoderma harzianum CBS 146429 against the yeast cell wall of S. occidentalis at pH 5.0 and 40 °C with 4 h of incubation time after applying 1 M NaOH as a pretreatment step.
Long noncoding RNAs: new insights in modulating mammalian spermatogenesis
Authors: Sahlu Bahlibi Weldegebriall , Zhao Shanjiang , Wang Xiuge , Umer Saqib , Zou Huiying , Huang Jinming , Zhu Huabin 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSpermatogenesis is a complex differentiating developmental process in which undifferentiated spermatogonial germ cells differentiate into spermatocytes, spermatids, and finally, to mature spermatozoa. This multistage developmental process of spermatogenesis involves the expression of many male germ cell-specific long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and highly regulated and specific gene expression. LncRNAs are a recently discovered large class of noncoding cellular transcripts that are still relatively unexplored. Only a few of them have post-meiotic; however, lncRNAs are involved in many cellular biological processes. The expression of lncRNAs is biologically relevant in the highly dynamic and complex program of spermatogenesis and has become a research focus in recent genome studies. This review considers the important roles and novel regulatory functions whereby lncRNAs modulate mammalian spermatogenesis.
PI3K inhibitor treatment ameliorates the glucocorticoid insensitivity of PBMCs in severe asthma
Authors: Bi Jing , Min Zhihui , Yuan Honglei , Jiang Zhilong , Mao Ruolin , Zhu Tao , Liu Chunfang , Zeng Yuzhen , Song Juan , Du Chunling , Chen Zhihong 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundGlucocorticoid (GC) insensitivity is an important feature of severe and fatal asthma. Oxidative stress can induce phosphoinositide‐3‐kinase (PI3K) activation, contributing to the development of GC insensitivity in chronic airway diseases. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of PI3K in the pathogenesis of severe asthma remains unknown.MethodsWe isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 34 participants (12 patients with mild/moderate asthma, 10 patients with severe asthma, and 12 control subjects). H2O2 was used to stimulate the human macrophage line U937 to mimic the oxidative stress status in severe asthma. The ability of candidate compounds, namely, azithromycin, PI3K inhibitors (BEZ235 and LY294002) and a p38 MAPK inhibitor (BIRB796), to ameliorate GC insensitivity in severe asthma was evaluated.ResultsPBMCs from patients with severe asthma exhibited dose‐dependent and time‐dependent GC insensitivity, which correlated with reduced activity of histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) (p < 0.05) and elevated expression of proinflammatory genes [nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) and activator protein‐1 (AP‐1)] (p < 0.01) compared with these parameters in the control group. The PI3K inhibitors (BZE235 and LY294002) significantly restored the GC sensitivity of PBMCs from patients with severe asthma. In vitro, the PI3K inhibitors (BZE235 and LY294002) ameliorated GC insensitivity in H2O2/TNFα‐induced IL‐8 release from U937 cells by independently restoring the activity of HDAC2 or inhibiting the activation of transcription factors.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that PI3K inhibitors ameliorate GC insensitivity in severe asthma by restoring HDAC2 activity and inhibiting the phosphorylation of nuclear signaling transcription factors.
Pregabalin induced visual hallucinations – a rare adverse reaction
Authors: Mousailidis Georgios , Papanna Basavaraja , Salmon Andrew , Sein Aung , Al-Hillawi Qutaiba 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Pregabalin is an anticonvulsive, analgesic and anxiolytic medication. The typical side effects include dizziness, somnolence and weight gain. Few studies or case reports have demonstrated psychiatric side effects resulting from its use.

Case presentation
We present a patient who suffered visual hallucinations and agitation associated with an increase in pregabalin dose, resolving completely after pregabalin discontinuation.

Conclusions
Acute visual hallucinations should be considered in the clinical spectrum of very rare side effects of pregabalin use, especially at higher doses. Tapered discontinuation of the medication can improve and resolve symptoms.
The in vivo role of Rev1 in mutagenesis and carcinogenesis
Authors: Sasatani Megumi , Zaharieva Elena Karamfilova , Kamiya Kenji 
Published: February 2020

AbstractTranslesion synthesis (TLS) is an error-prone pathway required to overcome replication blockage by DNA damage. Aberrant activation of TLS has been suggested to play a role in tumorigenesis by promoting genetic mutations. However, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying TLS-mediated tumorigenesis in vivo remain unclear. Rev1 is a member of the Y family polymerases and plays a key role in the TLS pathway. Here we introduce the existing to date Rev1-mutated mouse models, including the Rev1 transgenic (Tg) mouse model generated in our laboratory. We give an overview of the current knowledge on how different disruptions in Rev1 functions impact mutagenesis and the suggested molecular mechanisms underlying these effects. We summarize the available data from ours and others’ in vivo studies on the role of Rev1 in the initiation and promotion of cancer, emphasizing how Rev1-mutated mouse models can be used as complementary tools for future research.
Complementary feeding practices and nutrient intakes of children aged 6–24 months from Bangladeshi background living in Tower Hamlets, East London: a feasibility study
Authors: Jabri Laura , Rosenthal Diana Margot , Benton Lorna , Lakhanpaul Monica 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
The aim of this study was to assess dietary intakes and complementary feeding practices of children aged 6–24 months who are from Bangladeshi ancestry and living in Tower Hamlets, London, and determine the feasibility of a larger, population-representative study.

Methods
Questionnaires for demographic variables and feeding practices, and 24-h dietary recalls were administered to 25 mothers to determine whether it would be feasible to conduct a similar study on a representative sample size of the same population. Data from both tools were used to determine adequacy of complementary feeding practices through the WHO indicators and an infant and child feeding index score as well as overall macronutrient and micronutrient intake.

Results
Four children had varying suboptimal complementary feeding practices: two children failed to achieve the minimum dietary diversity, one child was being fed cow’s milk before the age of 1 year, and one scored ‘poor’ on the infant and child feeding index. Most notably, the mean protein intake (39.7 g/day, SD 18.2) was higher than RNIs for all age groups (P = 0.001). Vitamin D intake was below recommendations (P = 0.006) for the 12–24-month age group. For the 10–12-month age group, zinc intake fell below recommendations (P = 0.028). For the 6–9-month combined age group, iron and zinc intakes were below recommendations (P = 0.021 and P = 0.002, respectively).

Conclusions
Given the feasibility of this study, the results obtained require a large-scale study to be conducted to confirm findings. Our initial results indicated that children from Bangladeshi heritage may not be meeting nutritional requirements; thus, a future intervention tailored to the needs of the Bangladeshi population may be required to improve aspects of complementary feeding practices and nutrient intakes of those children.
Reproducible and transparent research practices in published neurology research
Authors: Rauh Shelby , Torgerson Trevor , Johnson Austin L. , Pollard Jonathan , Tritz Daniel , Vassar Matt 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
The objective of this study was to evaluate the nature and extent of reproducible and transparent research practices in neurology publications.

Methods
The NLM catalog was used to identify MEDLINE-indexed neurology journals. A PubMed search of these journals was conducted to retrieve publications over a 5-year period from 2014 to 2018. A random sample of publications was extracted. Two authors conducted data extraction in a blinded, duplicate fashion using a pilot-tested Google form. This form prompted data extractors to determine whether publications provided access to items such as study materials, raw data, analysis scripts, and protocols. In addition, we determined if the publication was included in a replication study or systematic review, was preregistered, had a conflict of interest declaration, specified funding sources, and was open access.

Results
Our search identified 223,932 publications meeting the inclusion criteria, from which 400 were randomly sampled. Only 389 articles were accessible, yielding 271 publications with empirical data for analysis. Our results indicate that 9.4% provided access to materials, 9.2% provided access to raw data, 0.7% provided access to the analysis scripts, 0.7% linked the protocol, and 3.7% were preregistered. A third of sampled publications lacked funding or conflict of interest statements. No publications from our sample were included in replication studies, but a fifth were cited in a systematic review or meta-analysis.

Conclusions
Currently, published neurology research does not consistently provide information needed for reproducibility. The implications of poor research reporting can both affect patient care and increase research waste. Collaborative intervention by authors, peer reviewers, journals, and funding sources is needed to mitigate this problem.
Moral injury in a context of trauma
Authors: Jones Edgar 
Published: February 2020

SummaryMoral injury, characterised by guilt, shame and self-condemnation, is conceptualised either as an adjunct to post-traumatic stress disorder or as a new syndrome. Studies of symptoms and potentially morally injurious events have produced a possible definition and informed the design of rating scales. The current challenge remains the design of effective interventions. Because moral injury relates to ethical behaviour, the meaning attached to events and perceptions of the self, moral philosophy and spirituality could contribute to the design of treatments.
Surgical Trends in Breast Cancer in Turkey: An Increase in Breast-Conserving Surgery
Authors: Çakmak Güldeniz Karadeniz , Emiroğlu Selman , Sezer Atakan , Canturk Nuh Zafer , Yeniay Levent , Kuru Bekir , Karanlık Hasan , Soyder Aykut , Gökgöz Şehsuvar , Sakman Gürhan , Ucuncu Muhammed , Akcay Mufide Nuran , Girgin Sadullah , Gurdal Sibel Ozkan , Emiroglu Mustafa , Ozbas Serdar , Öz Abdullah Bahadir , Arici Cumhur , Toktas Osman , Demircan Orhan , Çalık Adnan , Polat Ayfer Kamali , Maralcan Gokturk , Demirer Seher , Ozmen Vahit 
Published: February 2020

PURPOSE Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer in women, and there is a great variability in surgical practice for treating that cancer in different countries. The aims of this study were to analyze the effect of guidelines from the Turkish Federation of Breast Diseases Societies on academic institutions that have breast centers and to evaluate surgical practice in Turkey in 2018. PATIENTS AND METHODS Between January and March 2019, a survey was sent to breast surgeons who were working in breast centers in academic institutions. The sampling frame included 24 academic institutions with breast centers in 18 cities in Turkey to evaluate interdisciplinary differences among breast centers and seven regions in Turkey regarding patients’ choices, surgical approaches, and academic institutions. RESULTS All surgeons responded to the survey, and all 4,381 patients were included. Most of the surgeons (73.9%) were working in a breast center. Multidisciplinary tumor boards were performed in 87% of the breast centers. The average time between clinical evaluation and initiation of treatment was 29 days; the longest time was in Southeast Anatolia (66 days). Only 6% of patients had ductal carcinoma in situ. Sentinel lymph node biopsy was available in every region across the country and was performed in 64.5% of the patients. In 2018, the overall breast-conserving surgery rate was 57.3% in Turkey, and it varied from 72.2% in the Black Sea region to 33.5% in Central Anatolia ( P < .001). Oncoplastic breast surgery options were available at all breast centers. However, 25% of the breast centers from the Black Sea region and half the breast centers from Eastern Anatolia and the Mediterranean region did not perform this type of surgery. CONCLUSION Increasing rates of nonpalpable breast cancer and decreasing rates of locoregional recurrences favored breast-conserving surgery, especially in developed countries. Guidelines from the Turkish Federation of Breast Diseases Societies resulted in more comprehensive breast centers and improved breast health in Turkey.
Αξιολόγηση της ορθογραφικής δεξιότητας και γνώσης σε μαθητές με ειδικές εκπαιδευτικές ανάγκες
Authors: Ξάνθη Στυλιανή Βασίλειος 
Published: February 2020

Η παρούσα μελέτη συνδυάζοντας ποσοτικές μεθόδους αξιολόγησης και ποιοτικές διαδικασίες ανάλυσης λαθών διερευνά την ικανότητα για ορθογραφημένη γραφή μαθητών Β΄ - ΣΤ΄ δημοτικού με ειδικές εκπαιδευτικές ανάγκες. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, η έρευνα εξετάζει το στάδιο ανάπτυξης της ορθογραφικής δεξιότητας μαθητών δημοτικού δευτέρας, τρίτης, τετάρτης, πέμπτης και έκτης τάξης, αξιολογώντας την ορθογραφημένη γραφή 20 μαθητών με ειδικές εκπαιδευτικές ανάγκες με μία σταθμισμένη δοκιμασία γραφής λέξεων καθ’ υπαγόρευση και συγκρίνοντας τις επιδόσεις τους με τον μέσο όρο των επιδόσεων του γενικού πληθυσμού της ίδιας ηλικιακής ομάδας. Από την ποιοτική ανάλυση των λαθών σε αντίστοιχες κατηγορίες που αφορούν τη φωνολογική, μορφολογική και την οπτικό-ορθογραφική επίγνωση, καθώς και τη χρήση των συμβάσεων του γραπτού λόγου, διαπιστώνονται οι διαβαθμίσεις στην ανάπτυξη της ορθογραφικής ικανότητας των μαθητών που βρίσκονται οι συγκεκριμένοι μαθητές και παρέχονται χρήσιμες πληροφορίες για τις γνωστικές τους διεργασίες και τις ατομικές τους ανάγκες. Τα αποτελέσματα της μελέτης αναδεικνύουν χαμηλότερες επιδόσεις των περισσότερων μαθητών σε σχέση με τον μέσο όρο του πληθυσμού των συνομηλίκων τους. Επίσης, καταδεικνύουν περιορισμούς και ελλείμματα σε δεξιότητες φωνολογικής και μορφοσυντακτικής επεξεργασίας καθώς και περιορισμένες οπτικό-ορθογραφικές αναπαραστάσεις. Με βάση αυτά τα ευρήματα η εργασία πραγματεύεται το στάδιο ανάπτυξης της ορθογραφικής δεξιότητας των μαθητών, τους παράγοντες που επηρέασαν καθοριστικά την ορθογραφική τους επίδοση, τον βαθμό δυσκολίας του ορθογραφικού έργου και τον διαφορετικό ρυθμό ανάπτυξης της ορθογραφικής ικανότητας των μαθητών.
Cost per insertion and couple year of protection for postpartum intrauterine devices and implants provided during service scale-up in Kigali, Rwanda
Authors: Wall Kristin M. , Ingabire Rosine , Allen Susan , Karita Etienne 
Published: February 2020

Introduction: In two high-volume government hospitals, their two affiliated health facilities, and two additional health facilities, we developed and implemented postpartum intrauterine device (PPIUD) and postpartum (PP) implant promotional counseling and service delivery procedures between May-July 2017 in Kigali, Rwanda. Between August 2017 and July 2018, 9,073 pregnant women received PPIUD/PP implant promotions who later delivered in one of our selected facilities. Of those, 2,633 had PPIUDs inserted, and 955 had PP implants inserted. The goal of the present analysis is to detail implementation expenditures and estimate incremental costs per insertion and couple years of protection (CYP) for PPIUD and PP implant users. Methods: We detail the incremental costs during the implementation from the health system perspective (including both the implementation costs and the cost of contraceptive methods) and use of standard methods to estimate the cost per insertion and CYP for PPIUD and PP implant users. In addition to the incremental costs of labor and supplies, the costs of promotional activities are included. Research costs for formative work were excluded. Results: A total of $74,147 USD was spent on the implementation between August 2017 and July 2018. The largest expense (34% of total expenses) went toward personnel, including doctoral-level, administrative, data management and nurse counseling staff. Training for PPIUD and implant providers and promoters comprised 8% of total expenses. Recruitment and reimbursements comprised 6% of expenses. Costs of implants to the government comprised 12% of the expenses, much higher than the cost of IUDs (1%). Costs per insertion were $25/PPIUDs and $77/PP implant. Costs per CYP were $6/PPIUDs and $21/PP implant. Conclusion: Understanding the cost per PPIUD/PP implant inserted and CYP can help to inform the cost of scaling up PPIUD/PP implant service implementation activities and resource allocation decision-making by the Rwandan Ministry of Health.
Effective nonlinearity of the new quaternary chalcogenide crystal BaGa2GeSe6
Authors: Kato Kiyoshi , Badikov Valeriy V. , Wang Li , Panyutin Vladimir L. , Mitin Konstantin V. , Miyata Kentaro , Petrov Valentin 
Published: February 2020

The unknown magnitude and relative signs of the trigonal crystal

B
a
G
a

2

G
e
S
e

6

nonlinear coefficients have hindered defining an optimum orientation for maximum frequency conversion efficiency. This issue is resolved in the present work, obtaining

d

11

=
+

23.6

,

d

22

=
−

18.5

, and

d

31

=
+

18.3

p
m

/

V

for frequency doubling of the 10.591 µm radiation.
High extinction ratio terahertz broadband polarizer based on the aligned Ni nanowire arrays
Authors: Xiang Wenfeng , Huang Xiaowei , Li Dong , Zhou Qingli , Guo Haizhong , Li Junjian 
Published: February 2020

We present a broadband terahertz (THz) polarizer based on the stacks of aligned Ni nanowire (NW) arrays. We demonstrated that the polarizer has an extinction ratio of 58.8 dB and an average extinction ratio of 46.6 dB throughout a frequency range of 0.3–2.3 THz. Compared to carbon-nanotube and metallic wire-grid polarizers, our Ni-NW polarizers with rapid, reliable, low-cost fabrication processes are ideal candidates for emerging THz technologies.
Percepção do envelhecimento: mulheres de meia idade e idosas que buscam por procedimentos estéticos
Authors: Carrara Flávia Franco 
Published: February 2020

Objetivos: analisar se há diferença estatística significativa relativa à percepção do envelhecimento entre mulheres de meia idade e mulheres idosas que buscam por procedimentos estéticos e à percepção da melhora da saúde com a realização de procedimentos estéticos neste mesmo grupo. Método: Estudo clínico, piloto, observacional e transversal, realizado com 70 mulheres de 40 anos a 75 anos de idade, adeptas de procedimentos estéticos, na cidade de São Paulo (SP), Brasil. Os instrumentos utilizados foram: Questionário de Percepção do Envelhecimento validado e Questionários sociodemográfico e de caracterização das participantes. Para a análise dos dados foram utilizados os Testes Qui-quadrado, Exato de Fisher, t-Student e Teste de Mann Whitney. Resultados: as voluntárias de meia idade apresentaram diferença significativa no domínio consequências negativas (p=0,0121), além disso, atribuíram um número maior de doenças ao envelhecimento, o que sugere uma percepção mais negativa do envelhecimento neste grupo. A maioria das voluntárias associou procedimentos estéticos à melhora na saúde (88,6%) mas sem diferença estatística significativa entre os grupos. Conclusão: Nos grupos estudados, os resultados sugerem uma percepção mais negativa do envelhecimento entre as mulheres de meia idade. A maioria das voluntárias relacionou os tratamentos estéticos com melhora na saúde.
O Método de Ponderação de Fatores como Critério de Localização Industrial / The Factor Weighting Method as an Industrial Location Criterion
Authors: Lourenço Axel Dos prazeres , Santos Jackson Oliveira , Sousa Josiano Cesar de , Rodrigues Luciana Da Luz 
Published: February 2020

O presente artigo tem como objetivo avaliar critérios de escolhas voltadas à localização de indústrias, em especial utilizando o método de ponderação de fatores. Para sua elaboração foi utilizado uma abordagem exploratória e qualitativa, tendo como critério aprofundar o conhecimento da teoria de localização e avaliar características do método de ponderação de fatores. Como resultado, foi possível observar que ponderar os vários fatores que são essenciais na escolha da localização contribui para a redução de riscos e incertezas no momento da instalação de uma indústria. O artigo contribuiu ainda para ressaltar que o método de ponderação de fatores utiliza todos os fatores relevantes no estudo da localização, contribuindo para um resultado mais objetivo, podendo ser considerado o mais adequado e o mais abrangente na geografia locacional.
Esophageal Actinomycosis Masquerading as Cancer in an Immunocompetent Patient
Authors: Baig Sher N. , Rehman Sadia , Daniel Mina , Deshpande Vrushak , Abdelsayed George , Gonzalez Manuel 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT
A 79-year-old African American woman presented with acute hematemesis after progressive dysphagia for 6 weeks and 12-pound weight loss. She had no predisposing immunocompromising comorbidity such as the human immunodeficiency virus or active malignancy. Computed tomography showed air-fluid levels within the esophagus with partial obstruction. Upper endoscopy revealed a 1-cm mass lesion in the midthoracic esophagus, and biopsy results surprisingly showed esophageal actinomycosis. The patient's symptoms resolved on antimicrobial therapy at a one-month follow-up, and the lesion was not seen on repeat endoscopy with biopsy at 3 months. We believe that inhaled corticosteroids for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease may have created the growth milieu by impairing local defenses. Correct inhaler technique, avoiding swallowing the water after mouth rinsing, and a spacer device are recommended to reduce esophageal corticosteroid exposure.