bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract PO-030: Working with Micronesian communities: A cultural competency training for healthcare professionals
Authors: Willingham Mark L. , Cassel Kevin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This paper presents the creation of a cultural competency training intended for healthcare professionals working with Hawaii’s Micronesian populations. Cultural competency training for health professionals has gained importance because it builds a better understanding of the social and cultural influences on patient’s health, and can work to eliminate racial and ethnic disparities in health care. A cultural competency training was created through input from Hawaii’s Micronesian community members and the healthcare providers that serve this community to improve interactions and the delivery healthcare. This training will provide healthcare professionals with cultural information and techniques for improving interactions with Micronesian patients. This training will be pilot-tested with University of Hawaii Cancer Center faculty and staff. Five local health clinics and practices will be offered this training through a web-based training format. The training also provides healthcare professionals with three continuing medical education credits. Initial delivery of the training was intended for in-person format; however, because of the COVID-19 pandemic and social distancing regulations, a virtual format had to be adopted. Healthcare providers will be provided pre-training resources, a pre and posttest, as well as a six-month follow-up survey to assess attainment of the training objectives. Objectives for the trainings include: to understand medical professionals’ cultures and values, to promote understanding of other communities’ cultures and values, to understand how cultural values and beliefs impact treatment and interaction among healthcare professionals, to identify challenges and learn culturally appropriate strategies to address them and, to bridge the gap between Micronesian and Western understandings of healthcare and healing.
Citation Format: Mark L. Willingham, Jr., Kevin Cassel. Working with Micronesian communities: A cultural competency training for healthcare professionals [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Conference: Thirteenth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2020 Oct 2-4. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(12 Suppl):Abstract nr PO-030.
Abstract PO-031: Fostering a multisectoral and multidisciplinary approach in the fight against cancer: The Blueprint for Success program in Meru County, Kenya
Authors: Munene Denis , Asirwa Chite , Ali Zipporah , Okumu Beatrice , Korir Ann , Musibi Alice , Musau Helena , Odoyo Edwin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Introduction Blueprint for Success initiative utilizes a multi-institutional and multidisciplinary approach that brings together team of Kenyan oncologists, researchers, palliative care experts, community health facilitators to holistically address the burden of cancer as well as address barriers across the entire cancer continuum of care, including awareness, advocacy, screening, diagnostics, treatment, and optimum aftercare to improve care outcomes. Methods Blueprint for Success initiative brings together multidisciplinary industries, governments, Non- Governmental Organisations (NGOs), healthcare professionals and communities to collaboratively identify and develop roadmaps to bridge access gaps for patients living with cancer in Meru County. Primary Health Care (PHC) approach is used and programmes are designed focusing on screening, training of community health workers (CHWs), creating awareness in the community, education of primary care physicians, establishing palliative care services and strengthening the cancer registries. Results The strategic partnerships formed through the Blueprint for Success initiative has enabled us to not only implement global best practice but also ensure that our initiatives are providing high-quality, culturally competent patient support for the longer term. We have established an oncology Centre, trained 100 Health Care Workers and 500 Community Health Volunteers (CHV’s), established community health reporting tool – Mobile Jamii Afya Link (M-Jali), established a Cancer Registry, strengthened palliative care services as well as improve access to cancer screening and promote public awareness of cancer with an emphasis on breast, cervical and prostate cancers. Conclusion The program continues to work closely with local communities, governments and healthcare workers and if successful will be replicated in other parts of the country and is expected to dramatically reduce the burden of cancer in Kenya and Sub-Saharan region.
Citation Format: Denis Munene, Chite Asirwa, Zipporah Ali, Beatrice Okumu, Ann Korir, Alice Musibi, Helena Musau, Edwin Odoyo. Fostering a multisectoral and multidisciplinary approach in the fight against cancer: The Blueprint for Success program in Meru County, Kenya [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Conference: Thirteenth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2020 Oct 2-4. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(12 Suppl):Abstract nr PO-031.
Abstract PO-033: 'Pull Up A Seat': A program shining a light on the experiences of Black women with breast cancer for healthcare providers and the scientific community
Authors: Maues Julia , Karmo Maimah , Cooper Shanda , McGlown Sheila , Rivers Jamil , Randall Chawnte , Koulakian Tania , Hodgdon Christine , Chan Isaac 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Breast cancer incidence rates for Black women are lower than that of their white counterparts, yet the mortality of Black women is 40 percent higher. Among women under 50, the mortality disparity is even greater: double that of white women. The gap between breast cancer incidence and mortality among Black women is complex and multifactorial. Social, economic, behavioral factors may partially account for the disparity, along with historical and systemic racism causing trauma and mistrust within this community. Black women are also more likely than white women to have inadequate health insurance or access to health care facilities, which may affect access to screening, follow-up care, and completion of treatment. This study measures social, economic and behavioral factors that affect access to adequate healthcare through listening sessions entitled 'Pull Up A Seat: Shining a Light on the Experiences of Black Women with Breast Cancer’. 'Pull Ups' are events in partnership with The Tigerlily Foundation and GRASP, bringing together health equity experts, healthcare providers, scientists, researchers, clinicians and Black women with a history of breast cancer. Each meeting consists of a lecture on broad topics such as racism in medical research, clinical trial exclusion/inclusion criteria and history of mistrust from Black community. After the lecture, breakout rooms led by Black patient advocates are held for healthcare providers with the concept that patients are experts in living with the disease and have much to share – and teach – healthcare providers and researchers. Our methodology will be based on surveys post-event to attendants and an impact report with metrics and teachings to health providers and researchers to determine learning and changes to be made in practices. We believe this program created for and by black patients affected by breast cancer from across diverse and underserved populations will help increase the participation of black women with breast cancer in clinical trials through patient empowerment and health provider awareness of unconscious biases. In addition, we believe this program will result in co-creating solutions to limit barriers for Black women.
Citation Format: Julia Maues, Maimah Karmo, Shanda Cooper, Sheila McGlown, Jamil Rivers, Chawnte Randall, Tania Koulakian, Christine Hodgdon, Isaac Chan. 'Pull Up A Seat': A program shining a light on the experiences of Black women with breast cancer for healthcare providers and the scientific community [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Conference: Thirteenth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2020 Oct 2-4. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(12 Suppl):Abstract nr PO-033.
Abstract PO-057: Éxito! The Latino cancer research leadership training program: Motivating Latinx students toward the doctorate
Authors: Ramirez Amelie G. , Hughes Daniel C. , Perez Arely , Cantu-Pawlik Stacy L. , Pasick Rena J. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Introduction: The Latino cancer burden is expected to rise 142% by 2030. Cancer is the leading cause of death among Latinos who represent 18% of the population and are the majority minority population in the US. Yet, they represent the most underrepresented among those with a doctoral degree. This under-representation and the increasing Latino health disparities is a multifaceted issue. There is thus a clear need for a robust pipeline of Latino health professionals trained across the many disciplines needed to truly address health disparities. Methodology: Éxito! annually selects 25 master’s-level participants to an intense five-day Summer Institute (SI). The interactive sessions promote collaboration between trainees, presenters, and mentors. Sessions are led by successful Latino health professionals in a culturally congruent atmosphere that enhances academic self-efficacy to overcome barriers, provide social support, networking and mentoring. To enhance research skills, competitive internships are awarded to 10 of the alumni of the SI working with a mentor focused on researching Latino health disparities. Program success is measured by changes in academic self-efficacy, e.g. “accepted into program of choice”; confidence to overcome academic barriers, e.g. “applying to a program”; improvement in research skills (internships); and, successful acceptance into a doctoral degree program. Results: Since 2010, 200 individuals have completed SI training and 49 internships have been awarded. Éxito! has improved academic self- efficacy (p &lt; .001), improved confidence toward obtaining a doctoral degree (p &lt; .001) and improved research skills (p &lt; .001). Of the 200 Éxito! alumni, 26% (n=53) have successfully enrolled in doctoral programs. Thus far 12 have received their doctoral degrees. Conclusions: Health disparities are largely determined by many interactive social factors including cultural incongruence between affected populations and those conducting the research. Éxito! is a successful model for increasing the pipeline of Latino health disparities researchers.
Citation Format: Amelie G. Ramirez, Daniel C. Hughes, Arely Perez, Stacy L. Cantu-Pawlik, Rena J. Pasick. Éxito! The Latino cancer research leadership training program: Motivating Latinx students toward the doctorate [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Conference: Thirteenth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2020 Oct 2-4. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(12 Suppl):Abstract nr PO-057.
Abstract PO-060: Promoting colorectal cancer screening: A training for healthcare professionals
Authors: Willingham Mark L. , Cassel Kevin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This paper presents the creation of a colorectal cancer screening training intended for healthcare professionals. Cancers of the colon and rectum remain the third most frequently diagnosed cancer in Hawai’i, and simple changes to healthcare practices can increase colorectal cancer screening by engaging and motivating patients to be screened. To improve colorectal cancer screening rates in Hawai’i, healthcare professionals need the tools to better interact with patients from different cultures such as Pacific Islanders. A promoting colorectal cancer screening training was created through different resources for the purpose of improving patient and healthcare professionals’ interactions. This training will provide healthcare professionals culturally based content for improving colorectal cancer screening and techniques for interacting with Pacific Island patients. This training will be pilot- tested with University of Hawaii Cancer Center faculty and staff; five local health clinics and practices will be offered this training through a web-based training format. The training also provides healthcare professionals with three continuing medical education credits. Initial delivery of the training was intended for in-person format; however, because of the COVID-19 pandemic and social distancing regulations, a virtual format had to be adopted. Healthcare providers will be provided pre-training resources, a pre and posttest, as well as a six-month follow-up survey to assess attainment of the training objectives. Objectives for the trainings include: four essential strategies to improve colorectal cancer screening (make a recommendation, develop a screening policy, measure practice progress, and be persistent with reminders), to promote understanding of other communities’ reluctance of cancer screening, and to bridge the gap between Pacific Islander and Western understanding of traditional and Western healing.
Citation Format: Mark L. Willingham, Jr., Kevin Cassel. Promoting colorectal cancer screening: A training for healthcare professionals [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Conference: Thirteenth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2020 Oct 2-4. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(12 Suppl):Abstract nr PO-060.
Abstract PO-067: LGBTQ patients and cancer care: A scoping review of U.S. physician attitudes, biases, and interactions
Authors: Tredway Kristi , Cork Stephanie J. , Camp Melissa S. , Poteat Tonia , Dean Lorraine T. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
As lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) people gain increasing acceptance in U.S. society, physicians are at an important turning point. Older physicians who entered medicine when homophobia was still the norm are interacting with new generations of physicians who have emerged through the cultural debates, and increased acceptance, of LGBTQ people in our society. This dichotomous acceptance of LGBTQ people by physicians makes it unclear the extent and types of biases that remain in medical settings that negatively impact both LGBTQ patients and physicians. In cancer care, data indicate that LGBTQ patients have less timely screenings as compared with the general population, as well as negative beliefs about care and perceptions of heterosexism and homophobia among providers, among other factors. Thus, the effects of perceived homophobia by physicians can cause health disparities and inequity for LGBTQ populations.
Identifying and understanding the scope of LGBTQ biases within medicine, especially in cancer care, will allow us to work at dismantling these biases. This scoping review explores existing literature outlining the types and extent of biased attitudes of physicians within the U.S. towards LGBTQ patients seeking cancer care.
Citation Format: Kristi Tredway, Stephanie J. Cork, Melissa S. Camp, Tonia Poteat, Lorraine T. Dean. LGBTQ patients and cancer care: A scoping review of U.S. physician attitudes, biases, and interactions [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Conference: Thirteenth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2020 Oct 2-4. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(12 Suppl):Abstract nr PO-067.
Abstract PO-072: Exploring Pacific Islander participation in clinical cancer trials in Guam
Authors: Diaz Tressa P. , Aguon Corinth , Mendez Ana Joy 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background. In January 2019, the National Cancer Institute (NCI) approved the addition of FHP Health Center in Guam to its NCI Community Oncology Research Program, making it possible for residents in Guam to participate in NCI-sponsored cancer clinical trials for the first time in Guam's history. Pacific Islanders have historically been significantly underrepresented in NCI-sponsored cancer clinical trials in the nation (Chen et al., 2014). In anticipation of trial recruitment, this pre- pilot study sought to inductively explore community knowledge, beliefs, concerns, and facilitating factors regarding participation in cancer clinical trials in Guam.
Methods: Key informants (N=6) were recruited via purposive sampling to represent clerical, government, cultural, and private healthcare sectors. Semi-structured interviews 60 to 90 minutes in length were conducted and transcribed. Qualitative data analysis involved comparisons across the six cases for themes on knowledge, beliefs, concerns, and facilitating factors. Three phases of coding were utilized: initial line-by-line coding per case, general thematic comparisons across cases, and focused analysis on final themes and sub-themes. Results: All participants agreed that advancing cancer research and developing protocols is vital. Cultural and personal beliefs centered on an intergenerational consciousness of cancer and survivability.
Dominant concerns were related to distrust and being taken advantage of, as well as fears about harms, risk, and pain. Facilitating factors included the importance of giving hope and that “every option is better than no option.” Participants also expressed that trials would help address the needs of the community given the prevalence of cancer across family generations. Primary recommendations to clinicians and administrators included attention to the safety and “utmost care” of subjects, and transparency regarding risks and benefits of each trial. Conclusions: These initial research findings provide insight into contextual factors that influence Pacific Islander participation, and will be utilized to help develop a larger, population- based pilot study to further explore community concerns, readiness, and recruitment in clinical cancer trials in Guam.
Citation Format: Tressa P. Diaz, Corinth Aguon, Ana Joy Mendez. Exploring Pacific Islander participation in clinical cancer trials in Guam [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Conference: Thirteenth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2020 Oct 2-4. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(12 Suppl):Abstract nr PO-072.
Abstract PO-074: Understanding men’s concerns about linking health data in the context of precision medicine
Authors: Jefferson Melanie , Magwood Gayenell , Melvin Cathy , Babatunde Oluwole , Halbert Chanita Hughes , Allen Caitlin G. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background and Importance: Linking data is a critical feature of precision medicine initiatives that involves integrating information from multiple sources to improve researchers’ and clinicians’ ability to deliver care. To date, we have limited understanding of how racial and ethnic minorities perceive linking data as it relates to precision medicine. Objective: The aim of this study was to identify how demographics, co-morbidities, and beliefs about precision medicine influence two outcomes related to linking data: beliefs about linking data and concerns about linking data among minority men. Methods: Adult individuals were recruited from primary care practices at a large clinical research university. 375 individuals were invited to participate and 124 completed a cross-sectional survey that included questions about demographic characteristics, comorbidities, beliefs, benefits, and limitations of precision medicine, and two outcomes of interest: beliefs about the value of linking data and concerns about linking data. Descriptives, bivariate, and multivariable regression were conducted in SAS version 9.4. Results: Participants had positive perceptions about beliefs about linking data for precision medicine (M=4.05/5) and average concern about linking data (M=2.1/5). Final multivariable models revealed that higher levels of loneliness are associated with more positive beliefs about linking data (B=0.41, p=0.027). Races other than Black or African American (B=-0.64, p=0.009) and those with lower perceived limitations of precision medicine were less likely to be concerned about linking data (B=-0.75, p=-.0006).
Conclusion and Relevance: Our results contribute to the lack of literature about perceptions of linking data for use in clinical and research studies among men. Better understanding of factors associated with more positive perceptions of data linkages could help improve how researchers recruit and engage participants.
Citation Format: Melanie Jefferson, Gayenell Magwood, Cathy Melvin, Oluwole Babatunde, Chanita Hughes Halbert, Caitlin G. Allen. Understanding men’s concerns about linking health data in the context of precision medicine [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Conference: Thirteenth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2020 Oct 2-4. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(12 Suppl):Abstract nr PO-074.
Abstract PO-092: Development of an organoid assay for studying racial disparity in pancreatic acinar ductal metaplasia
Authors: Gosling Alyssa , Jiang Jinmai , Perkins Corey M. , Yao Yingwei , Schmittgen Thomas D. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Blacks have higher rates of incidence and mortality of pancreatic cancer compared to Whites and non-White Hispanics. In an effort to identify a biological basis for this disparity, we propose examining the early events in the development of pancreatic cancer. The process by which pancreatic acini transdifferentiate into ductal epithelial cells (i.e. acinar ductal metaplasia or ADM) is one of the earliest events in the development of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. We adapted the classic in vitro ADM assay, by which primary mouse pancreatic acini undergo ADM once plated onto the extracellular matrix matrigel, to an assay to culture and transdifferentiate human pancreatic organoids. We have received normal, human pancreatic acini from pancreatic islet transplantation centers from Black (n=8), White (n=19) and Hispanic (n=16) donors. The gender distribution was 29 males and 14 females. The acinar cells were cultured on matrigel and allowed to undergo ADM over a 5 to 6 day period. The number of ductal epithelial cells were microscopically counted and the rate of transdifferentiation was determined by kinetic modeling of the data. We have successfully cultured and transdifferentiated 40 of 43 human pancreatic acinar cells. Data from our study suggests that females undergo ADM at a faster rate than males and among the different races, the rate of acinar transdifferentiation decreases in the following order Blacks &gt; Whites &gt; non-White Hispanics. In summary, we demonstrate that women and Blacks have the highest rate of pancreatic transdifferentiation. Future studies include sequencing of the RNA isolated from the tissues to identify molecular drivers of acinar transdifferentiation and their impact on health disparities of pancreatic cancer.
Citation Format: Alyssa Gosling, Jinmai Jiang, Corey M. Perkins, Yingwei Yao, Thomas D. Schmittgen. Development of an organoid assay for studying racial disparity in pancreatic acinar ductal metaplasia [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Conference: Thirteenth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2020 Oct 2-4. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(12 Suppl):Abstract nr PO-092.