bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developing a Post- Graduate Curriculum In Forensic Psychiatry In Zimbabawe
Authors: Mangezi Walter , Mawoyo Chido , Shonai Charity , Aagaard Eva 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In the practice of forensic psychiatry in Zimbabwe, there have been problems in bringing psychiatric offenders to justice due to delays in assessment. This has been caused by a shortage of psychiatrists with the relevant skills. Practitioners need to be equipped with the required competencies to deal with both the civil and criminal domains of forensic psychiatry. They also need neuropsychological tools for the evaluation of offenders and victims, and knowledge of the appropriate tests to be used in each case. To date, the Department of Psychiatry at the University of Zimbabwe has had no formal curriculum in forensic psychiatry. To meet these needs, a forensic psychiatry curriculum was developed. The goals for the curriculum were for the students to: 1) acquire knowledge in the assessment and management of psychiatric conditions and their relation to criminal and civil legal issues; 2) attain attitudes that foster a focus on assessment of the patients’ mental health, not their innocence or guilt; 3) write court reports that facilitate the justice process. In addition to improving the current shortage of qualified physicians in forensic psychiatry, this curriculum aims to increase awareness among psychiatry students of forensic psychiatry as a career path.
The Value of A Seven-Autoantibody Panel Combined With The Mayo Model In The Differential Diagnosis of Pulmonary Nodules&nbsp;
Authors: Ling Zhougui , Chen Jifei , Wen Zhongwei , Wei Xiaomou , Su Rui , Tang Zhenming , Hu Zhuojun , Deng Youping 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Identifying malignant pulmonary nodules and detecting early-stage lung cancer (LC) could reduce mortality. This study investigated the clinical value of a seven-autoantibody (7-AAB) panel in combination with the Mayo model for the early detection of LC and distinguishing benign from malignant pulmonary nodules (MPNs).METHODS: The concentrations of the elements of a 7-AAB panel were quantitated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 806 participants. The probability of MPNs was calculated using the Mayo predictive model. The 7-AAB panel and the Mayo model performances were analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses, and the difference between groups was evaluated by Chi-square tests (χ2).RESULTS: The combined area under the ROC curve (AUC) for all 7 AABs was higher than that of a single one. The 7-AAB panel sensitivities were 67.5% in the stage I-II LC patients and 60.3% in stage III-IV patients, with a specificity of 89.6% for the healthy controls and 83.1% for benign lung disease patients. The detection rate of the 7-AAB panel in the early-stage LC patients was higher than that of traditional tumor markers. The AUC of the 7-AAB panel combined with the Mayo model was higher than that of the 7-AAB panel alone or the Mayo model alone in distinguishing MPN from benign nodules. For early-stage MPN, the sensitivity and speciﬁcity of the combination were 93.5% and 58.0%, respectively. For advanced-stage MPN, the sensitivity and speciﬁcity of the combination were 91.4% and 72.8%, respectively. The combination of the 7-AAB panel with the Mayo model signiﬁcantly improved the detection rate of MPN, but the positive predictive value (PPV) and the specificity were not improved when compared with either the 7-AAB panel alone or the Mayo model alone.CONCLUSION: Our study confirmed the clinical value of the 7-AAB panel for the early detection of lung cancer, and in combination with the Mayo model, could be used to distinguish benign from malignant pulmonary nodules.
Leptospirosis Associated Kawasaki Disease. Differential Diagnosis or Disease Association? Case Report and Review of The Literature.
Authors: Nashawi Mohammed , Reichert Friedrich , Blankenburg Friederike , Heinkele Anita , Stirnkorb Christian , Noll Felix , Timmermann Kirsten , Hospach Toni 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Kawasaki disease (KD) is a systemic vasculitis which affects medium-sized arteries. Although diagnostic and classification criteria exist, differentiation from other diseases can be difficult.Case Presentation: We present a 3-year old patient with a diagnosis of complete KD with positivity for urine-PCR on leptospirosis. In our patient conjunctivitis, rash, fever, cervical lymphadenopathy, palmar swelling, exanthema were seen, indicating all criteria for complete KD. After 2 weeks periungual desquamation developed. Besides this patient two further cases were retrieved form the literature with similar clinical courses indicating leptospirosis associated KD.Conclusion: These cases indicate that leptospirosis may not only mimic but also be associated with KD shown by specific findings like desquamation of fingers, toes and oropharyngeal mucous membrane changes. To distinguish between KD, leptospirosis and leptospirosis associated KD a proper history taking including travel history and contact to animals is fundamental as well as thorough clinical and cardiac examinations in the course of the disease. While diagnostic procedures and observation might take time, treatment of acute KD should not be delayed.
Intraspinal Epidural Hematoma Caused By Acupuncture Mimicking An Intraspinal Synovial Cyst: A Case Report&nbsp;
Authors: Qiu RuiXin , zhou Wei , Yu HaoTao , Zhong ZhiHong , Chen Guoquan , Zhang Ping 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background Intraspinal hematoma is a rare complication of acupuncture. A few cases of subdural hematoma or epidural hematoma have been reported, with most of them in a fusiform shape, making the hematomas easy to identify on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. Case presentation A 49-year-old man presented with back pain that radiated into his lower limb that had appeared during acupuncture of his back. After admission, MRI was performed and indicated an L5/S1 intraspinal mass that had an oval shape, resembling an intraspinal cyst. The patient underwent surgery to remove the mass, which was confirmed to be a hematoma. Conclusion Intraspinal hematomas appear with various intensity signals and shapes on MRI, making its differential diagnosis difficult. A carefully medical history review (to determine if the pain derives from a puncture-type treatment or an injury) and surgical exploration may be helpful for identifying this condition.
Academic Anxiety and Self-handicapping Among Medical Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Moderated Mediation Model
Authors: Jia Jun , Jiang Qin , Lin Xian Hao 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: The outbreak of 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) could increase the risk of academic anxiety among medical students. Research has revealed that academic anxiety was a risk factor for self-handicapping, however, little is known about the underlying mechanisms that may mediate or moderate this association. This study examined the mediating role of procrastination and moderating role of hardiness in the association between academic anxiety and self-handicapping during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: This study measured academic anxiety, self-handicapping, procrastination and hardiness in a sample of 320 Chinese medical students, and explored the relationship between variables.Results: Results showed that academic anxiety was positively correlated with procrastination and self-handicapping, and negatively correctly with hardiness; procrastination was positively correlated with self-handicapping, and negatively correctly with hardiness; hardiness was negatively correctly with self-handicapping. Furthermore, procrastination partially mediated the relationship between academic anxiety and self-handicapping, and both the effects academic anxiety on self-handicapping and the mediating effect of procrastination were moderated by hardiness. The direct effect was stronger for medical students with lower hardiness, and the indirect effect was potent for medical students with both levels of hardiness.Conclusion: During the COVID-19 outbreak, the effect of academic anxiety on self-handicapping of medical students was affected by procrastination and hardiness. These findings suggest that we need to pay attention to the academic anxiety and procrastination of medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic, and we can intervene in self-handicapping by cultivating hardiness in the future.
The Changes in The Utilization Rate of Traditional Chinese Medicine During the 2019 Coronavirus Pandemic
Authors: Lin Shun-Ku , Wu Chien-Tung , Liu Chia-Jen , Chou Hui-Jer , Ko Fu-Yang , Huang Ching-Hsuan , Lai Jung-Nien 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Large-scale epidemics have changed people’s medical behavior, and patients tend to delay non-urgent medical needs. However, the impact of the pandemic on the use of complementary and alternative medicine remains unknown. Methods: This retrospective study aimed to analyze the changes in the number of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) patients and examine the epidemic prevention policy during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. We analyzed the number of TCM patients in Taipei City Hospital from January 2017 to May 2020. We tallied the numbers of patients in each month and compared them with those in the same months last year. We calculated the percentage difference in the number of patients to reveal the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on TCM utilization. We used the Mann­–Whitney U test to examine whether there was a significant difference in the number of patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: We included a total of 41 months and 1,935,827 patients in this study. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the number of patients decreased significantly, except in February 2020. The numbers of patients during the COVID-19 pandemic had fallen by more than 15% compared with those in the same months last year. March and April had the greatest number of patient losses, with falls of 32.8% and 40%, respectively. TCM patients declined significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic, and mobile medicine provided to rural areas fell considerably. Among all the TCM specialties, pediatrics and traumatology, as well as infertility treatment, witnessed the most significant decline in the number of patients. However, the number of cancer patients has reportedly increased. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic decreased the utilization rate of TCM, especially for mobile healthcare in rural areas. We suggest that the government pay attention to the medical disparity between urban and rural areas, which are affected by the pandemic, as well as allocate adequate resources in areas deprived of medical care.
Covid-19 Containment Measure Analysis of Global &amp; Indian Data with Predictive Model Comparison
Authors: Saha Debojyoti , Ghosh Debanjan , Ganguly Pranita , Banerjee Anish , Gangopadhyaya Malay 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In the constant fight with the uncertainty of life and a broken economic and mental stature, machine learning and analysis is striving to identify probable remedies and even trying to predict the future of this hostile situation. Visualisation of treatment procedures, health data and economic data yields an in-depth analysis of the scenario. Remedial measures can be practised based on the predictive outcome. We performed predictive and statistical models like the SEIR for building highly accurate and analytical data outputs and plots for better visualisation of the data. This work aims to analyse the spread of the virus across the world and different regions in India and predict the near future of this pandemic in social, health and economic sectors.
Room-Temperature Switching of Spin-State in Single-Molecule Junctions
Authors: Li Jing , Wu QingQing , Xu Wei , Wang Hai-Chuan , Zhang Hewei , Tang Yongxiang , Hou Songjun , Chen Yaorong , Lambert Colin , Hong Wenjing 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The emerging of molecular spintronics offers a unique chance for the design of molecular devices with different spin-state, and the control of spin-state becomes essential for molecular spin switches. However, the intrinsic spin switching from low-spin to high-spin state is a temperature-dependent process with a small energy barrier that low temperature is required to maintain the low-spin state, and thus the room-temperature operation of single-molecule devices have not yet been achieved. Here, we investigated the single-molecule charge transport through a diamagnetic square planar nickel(II) porphyrin using the scanning tunneling microscope break-junction (STM-BJ) technique. The reversible single-molecule conductance switches are demonstrated by utilizing a coordination-induced spin-state switching to manipulate the spin state between S = 0 and S = 1 at room temperature. Furthermore, the different coordinated complexes could be distinguished from the conductance traces, which cannot be realized by the ensemble investigations such as NMR and UV-vis spectrums. The combined DFT calculations revealed that the conductance changes come from the different spin-states of the molecules varying the number of coordination ligands, suggesting coordination-induced spin-state switching provides a new way towards room-temperature molecular spintronics.
Brain Natriuretic Peptide is an Indicator for Early Risk-stratification and Management for COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Li Pengping , Wu Wei , Zhang Tingting , Wang Ziyu , Li Jie , Zhu Mengyan , Liang Yuan , You Wenhua , Li Kening , Ding Rong , Huang Bin , Wu Lingxiang , Duan Weiwei , Han Yi , Li Xuesong , Tang Xin , Wang Xin , Wang Qianghu , Xia Xinyi , Yong Ji , Chen Hongshan 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has resulted in high mortality worldwide. However, information regarding cardiac markers for precise risk-stratification is limited. We aimed to discover a sensitive and reliable early-warning biomarker for optimizing management and improving COVID-19 patients’ prognosis. Methods: This single-center case series was conducted between February 4 and April 10, 2020. In total, 2,954 consecutive COVID-19 patients who were receiving treatment at Wuhan Huoshenshan Hospital in China were included in the retrospectively selected cohort. All patients were diagnosed with COVID-19 and treated at the study site. Data of serum levels of cardiac markers, coronary artery disease (CAD) diagnosis, and survival were collected after admission. Single-cell RNA-sequencing was performed to analyze severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) receptor expression.Results: Median patient age was 60 years (range, 50-68 years); 1,461 (49.5%) were female, and 1,515 (51.3%) patients were in a severe/critical condition. Compared to mild/moderate patients (1,439, 48.7%), severe/critical patients showed significantly higher levels of cardiac markers within the first week after admission. Among severe/critical COVID-19 patients, those with abnormal serum levels of brain natriuretic peptide had a significantly higher mortality rate than patients with normal levels. Severe/critical COVID-19 patients with pre-existing CAD (165/1,155 [10.9%]) had more cases of abnormal brain natriuretic peptide levels than those without CAD. Enhanced SARS-CoV-2 receptor expression was observed in patients with CAD. Regression analysis revealed that patients with elevated brain natriuretic peptide levels were at a higher risk of death (hazards ratio, 1.001 [95% confidence interval, 1.0003-1.002]). Conclusions: Brain natriuretic peptide is an effective biomarker for early risk assessment in COVID-19 patients with or without pre-existing CAD. Monitoring BNP status will improve the risk-stratification management and prognosis of patients within one week after admission.
Identification of a Cell Cycle Gene Signature Predicting Survival in Patients with Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Lei , Yang Shize , Yu Zhenglun 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Purpose: Lung cancer (LC) is one of the most important and common malignant tumours, and its incidence and mortality are increasing annually. Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) is the most common pathological type of LC. A small number of biomarkers have been certified to be consistent with its survival and prognosis by data excavation. However, the moderate forecast effect of a single gene biomarker is not accurate. Thus, we planned to find new gene signatures to preferably predict LUSC. Methods: Using the mRNA mining method, we enforced mRNA expression analyzing in big LUSC cohorts (n=504) from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and gene set variation analysis (GSVA) were enforced, and relations between genes and the cell cycle were got with the Cox proportional hazards regression model. Results: We confirmed a set of four genes (CDKN1A, CHEK2, E2F4 and RAD21) that was importantly related to overall survival (OS) in the test succession. Based on the four-gene signature, the patients were separated into high-risk and low-risk teams. Moreover ,multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the prognostic value of the four-gene signature and clinical factors were mutual independent.Conclusion: Our research demonstrated connections between the four-gene signature and LUSC. Novel insights into mechanisms of the cell cycle were also revealed after determining that the biomarkers were related to a poor prognosis in LUSC patients.
Phytochemical Composition and Antibacterial Activities of the Ethyl Acetate Leaf Extract of Ocimum basilicum
Authors: Rapando Japheth Wambani , Ngugi Mathew Piero , Muturi Margaret , Ogutu James Opiyo 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
IntroductionAntibiotic resistance is a serious threat to humankind. There is need for the development of new therapeutic options. Ocimum basilicum has been used traditionally as a medicinal herb against infectious diseases and as a food additive. ObjectiveThis study aimed at evaluating the phytochemical composition and in vitro antibacterial activities of the ethyl acetate leaf extract of Ocimum basilicum. MethodsOcimum basilicum leaves were collected from Mbeere, Embu County, Kenya and ethyl acetate extraction done at Kenyatta University. Phytochemical composition was evaluated by Gas chromatograph mass spectrophotometry while antibacterial activities were evaluated by disc diffusion and broth microdilution methods. The test microorganisms were methicillin resistant S. aureus, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa and E. coli. ResultsThe extract exhibited a broad spectrum antibacterial activity. The gram negative bacteria showed more susceptibility to the organic extract compared to the gram positive bacteria. Pseudomonas aeruginosa had the highest zone of inhibition (27.00 ± 2.00 mm), while the S. aureus isolate had the lowest zone of inhibition (24.00 ± 1.00 mm). Escherichia coli, S. aureus and MRSA species had an MIC of 62.5 mg/ml compared to P. aeruginosa with an MIC of 125mg/ml when exposed to the leaf extract. The antibacterial activity could be attributed to the synergistic effects of phytochemicals such as terpenoids, alkaloids, essential oils, fatty acids, flavonoids and aldehydes that have been known to have antimicrobial properties. A total of 30 phytochemical compounds were eluted from the extract of O. basilicum. Nootkatone, a sesquiterpenoid had the highest concentration at 20.86mg/g. The compound 1,3-Dimethyl-5-isobutylcyclohexane, a fatty acid had the lowest concentration at 0.10mg/g. ConclusionO. basilicum has antibacterial activities on the tested pathogens and can be used to treat infections. Phytochemicals with antibacterial effects in the herb can be used as lead molecules in developing new antibacterial drugs.
Simplified Predictive Nomogram for Postprostatectomy Patients Treated with High-dose Salvage Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy
Authors: Wang Yu-Jen , Huang Chao-Yuan , Hou Wei-Hsien , Yu Hong-Jen , Lai Ming-Kuen , Liu Shihh-Ping , Pu Yeong-Shau , Cheng Jason Chia-Hsien 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Purpose:The role of salvage radiotherapy (RT) is established in prostate cancer patients undergoing radical prostatectomy (RP) with biochemical failure (BCF). Intensity modulated RT (IMRT) is adapted for post-RP treatment. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic factors and develop a nomogram to predict biochemical control in patients treated with exclusively salvage high-dose IMRT for post-RP BCF.Materials and Methods:One hundred and eleven patients underwent post-RP IMRT, and 92 patients were enrolled after excluding patients with adjuvant RT or lymph node metastasis on RP. Fifty-two percent of patients had androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT). Moreover, 20% and 34% had pathological T3a and T3b disease, respectively, and 70% had positive surgical margins. The median dose of IMRT was 70 Gy to the prostatic and seminal vesicle bed. Using multivariable Cox regression analysis, a nomogram model was generated to predict the probability of BCF after salvage IMRT.Results:The 5-year BCF-free survival (BFFS), metastasis-free survival (MFS), and overall survival (OS) after salvage IMRT were 56%, 89%, and 88%, respectively. Post-RP prostate-specific antigen (PSA) nadir >0.1 ng/ml (p=0.004), PSA >0.5 ng/ml at salvage IMRT (p=0.016), and Gleason score ≥8 (p=0.013) were independent unfavorable prognostic factors for BFFS on multivariate analyses. The use of ADT, T3a/T3b disease, and positive surgical margins were not associated with BFFS. The predictions from the 3-factor nomogram (post-RP PSA nadir, pre-IMRT PSA, and Gleason score) appeared to be discriminative. The concordance index was 0.713, similar to 0.739 from the 7-factor nomogram with the addition of ADT, T3a/3b, positive margins, and IMRT dose ≥70 Gy.Conclusion:Salvage IMRT for post-RP BCF achieved a satisfactory outcome. The simplified 3-factor (post-RP PSA nadir, pre-IMRT PSA, and Gleason score) nomogram predicted biochemical control and demanded further validation.