bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La vivienda de nuevo: indagaciones urbanísticas sobre las tramas residenciales de la ciudad contemporánea
Authors: Peremiquel Lluch Francisco 
Published: July 2020

Desde la perspectiva urbanística, la vivienda y el espacio urbano residencial, el estudio de las tramas, la habitabilidad del espacio exterior, próximo y cotidiano, parece que no tiene la atención investigadora que merece. La ciudad como unidad delimitada y reconocible, ha desaparecido. Es una periferia inmensa, compuesta de fragmentos urbanos diversos, con diferentes niveles de urbanidad y urbanización, muchos de ellos vulnerables. A menudo, las deficiencias urbanas fomentan la degradación física y social del tejido, produciendo grandes desequilibrios. La aproximación morfológica confía en la forma, la geometría y la medida, como respuesta a los retos urbanos. La sostenibilidad se juega en la medida y geometría optimizada de las cosas urbanas. La calidad de la forma es la que permite la pervivencia en el tiempo y aporta la flexibilidad necesaria para la adaptación al cambio. El programa urbano es hoy genérico, con poca atención al lugar, al momento histórico o a la morfología resultante, y presta más atención a la viabilidad que a la sostenibilidad futura. De lo que se trata es de plantear un cambio de paradigma: un programa urbano orientado hacia un desarrollo duradero.
From the urban perspective, housing and residential urban space, the study of the plots, the habitability of outer space, close and daily, it seems that it does not have the research attention it deserves.The city as a delimited and recognizable unit has disappeared. It is an immense periphery, composed of diverse urban fragments, with different levels of urbanity and urbanization, many of them vulnerable. Often, urban deficiencies encourage the physical and social degradation of tissue, producing large imbalances.The morphological approach relies on form, geometry and measurement, as a response to urban challenges. Sustainability is played in the measure and optimized geometry of urban things. The quality of the form is what allows the survival in time and provides the necessary flexibility to adapt to change. The urban program is now generic, with little attention to the place, to the historical moment or to the resulting morphology, and pays more attention to viability than to future sustainability. The aim is to propose a paradigm shift: an urban program oriented towards lasting development.
Les suites non numériques et le potentiel de la pensée algébrique chez les élèves du préscolaire
Authors: Boily Manon , Polotskaia Elena , Lessard Geneviève , Anwandter Cuellar Nathalie Silvia 
Published: July 2020

Nous présentons dans cet article les analyses d’entretiens menés dans le cadre d’un projet pilote sur les suites non numériques (répétitives et croissantes) auprès de 18 élèves de 4 à 6 ans fréquentant le jardin ou la maternelle dans deux écoles de l’Ontario. Nous avons étudié les composantes d’une pensée algébrique en déterminant les niveaux de performance associée à la tâche à résoudre chez les élèves ainsi que les erreurs et les connaissances numériques interférant dans le processus d’analyse de telles suites. Cette étude nous a permis de caractériser le potentiel d’élèves du préscolaire dans la réalisation d’une tâche portant sur les suites non numériques et, conséquemment, d’identifier des éléments pouvant contribuer ou entraver le développement d’une pensée algébrique.
Cadre d’analyse des raisonnements dans la résolution de problèmes algébriques de type partage inéquitable
Authors: Squalli Hassane , Larguier Mirène , Bronner Alain , Adihou Adolphe 
Published: July 2020

L’objet de ce texte est de proposer un cadre d’analyse des raisonnements d’élèves dans la résolution de problèmes de partage inéquitable pouvant être utilisés au primaire et au début du secondaire. Ce cadre repose sur la considération des deux dimensions suivantes : 1) le degré d’analycité du raisonnement et 2) la nature du registre de représentation sémiotique (Duval, 1995) des inconnues et des équations. Les fondements épistémologiques de ce cadre d’analyse s’appuient sur une brève analyse de certaines étapes du développement historique de l’algèbre. Ensuite, les différentes catégories de raisonnement sont illustrées au moyen d’exemples prototypiques issus de productions d’élèves.
Kaléidoscope sur l’accroissement des problèmes de mise en égalité dans les manuels scolaires québécois
Authors: Tremblay Mélanie , Saboya Mireille 
Published: July 2020

Dans les manuels de mathématique québécois du premier cycle du secondaire, favoriser l’expression d’un raisonnement analytique conjugué au désir de convaincre l’élève de recourir au langage littéral semblent être les motifs justifiant l’augmentation de problèmes dont la modélisation peut se traduire par une équation où l’on retrouve l’inconnue dans les deux membres de l’égalité. Cet article expose les résultats d’une étude comparative de ces problèmes que nous avons nommés « mise en égalité » qui ont été recensés dans des manuels issus des réformes de 1992 et 2003. À partir du travail de Marchand et Bednarz (1999), les classes de problèmes, les cadres en jeu ainsi que la représentation et le degré d’explicitation de la mise en égalité seront discutés.
Un modèle épistémologique de référence pour la recherche sur l’algèbre élémentaire
Authors: Ruiz-Munzón Noemí , Bosch Marianna , Gascón Josep 
Published: July 2020

La théorie anthropologique du didactique attribue un rôle déterminant au questionnement du savoir mathématique et propose comme outil d’analyse l’élaboration de modèles épistémologiques de référence (MER). Nous présentons un MER du développement de l’algèbre scolaire qui s’inscrit dans un modèle plus large permettant d’articuler l’arithmétique, l’algèbre, les nombres relatifs, la modélisation fonctionnelle et le calcul différentiel. Ce modèle prend comme point de départ les « programmes de calcul » et considère l’algèbre comme un processus de modélisation structuré en trois étapes. Nous illustrons sa potentialité pour la création et l’analyse de séquences didactiques dans la première étape du processus d’algébrisation.
Quelles sont les perceptions des élèves présentant des difficultés comportementales quant aux conditions qui influencent leur scolarisation en classe ordinaire?
Authors: Beaudoin Manon , Nadeau Marie-France 
Published: July 2020

L’éducation inclusive, qui préconise la scolarisation dans un cadre le plus normal possible, s’impose comme la voie privilégiée pour favoriser la réussite éducative de tous les élèves. Malgré les conditions suggérées pour soutenir celle-ci, l’expérience scolaire des élèves présentant des difficultés comportementales reste difficile. Est-il possible que ces conditions ne tiennent pas compte du point de vue des élèves? La méthode de recension des écrits (n = 42 études: 31 qualitatives, 2 quantitatives, 7 mixtes, 2 recensions) a permis de répondre à l’objectif d’identifier les conditions qui soutiennent ou freinent la scolarisation en classe ordinaire selon les élèves présentant des difficultés comportementales. Dans les deux cas, la relation avec l’enseignant s’avère la condition la plus souvent mentionnée. Les résultats sont discutés à la lumière des caractéristiques méthodologiques des ouvrages pour orienter les futures études.
WHONDRS-GUI: a web application for global survey of surface water metabolites
Authors: Lin Xinming , Ren Huiying , Goldman Amy E. , Stegen James C. , Scheibe Timothy D. 
Published: July 2020

Background
The Worldwide Hydrobiogeochemistry Observation Network for Dynamic River Systems (WHONDRS) is a consortium that aims to understand complex hydrologic, biogeochemical, and microbial connections within river corridors experiencing perturbations such as dam operations, floods, and droughts. For one ongoing WHONDRS sampling campaign, surface water metabolite and microbiome samples are collected through a global survey to generate knowledge across diverse river corridors. Metabolomics analysis and a suite of geochemical analyses have been performed for collected samples through the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL). The obtained knowledge and data package inform mechanistic and data-driven models to enhance predictions of outcomes of hydrologic perturbations and watershed function, one of the most critical components in model-data integration. To support efforts of the multi-domain integration and make the ever-growing data package more accessible for researchers across the world, a Shiny/R Graphical User Interface (GUI) called WHONDRS-GUI was created.

Results
The web application can be run on any modern web browser without any programming or operational system requirements, thus providing an open, well-structured, discoverable dataset for WHONDRS. Together with a context-aware dynamic user interface, the WHONDRS-GUI has functionality for searching, compiling, integrating, visualizing and exporting different data types that can easily be used by the community. The web application and data package are available at https://data.ess-dive.lbl.gov/view/doi:10.15485/1484811, which enables users to simultaneously obtain access to the data and code and to subsequently run the web app locally. The WHONDRS-GUI is also available for online use at Shiny Server (https://xmlin.shinyapps.io/whondrs/).
Salivary proteome of a Neotropical primate: potential roles in host defense and oral food perception
Authors: Espinosa-Gómez Fabiola Carolina , Ruíz-May Eliel , Serio-Silva Juan Carlos , Chapman Colin A. 
Published: July 2020

BackgroundSaliva contains a very complex mixture of proteins for defense against microbiological pathogens and for oral food perception. Howler monkeys are Neotropical primates that can consume a mostly leaf diet. They are well known to thrive in highly disturbed habitats where they may cope with a diversity of dietary challenges and infection risks. We aimed to describe the salivary proteome of howlers to contribute to better understanding of their physiology.MethodsWe analyzed the salivary proteins of wild black howler monkeys (Alouatta pigra), by SDS-PAGE-1-D and Nano LC-MS/MS and categorized them by their function involved in host defense and oral food perception.ResultsOur proteomic analysis identified 156 proteins in howler saliva including a number of host defense peptides that are the first line of defense in mammals, such as defensin, cathelicidin, dermcidin, and lactotransferrin, and proteins with anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, and anti-viral capacity, such as IgA, IgG, IgM, BPI, salivary heat shock 70 kDa protein, beta-2-microbulin, and protein S-100. We also identified key proteins necessary for taste perception, including salivary carbonic anhydrase VI, cystatin D, IgA, and fatty acid-binding protein. Proteins to detect astringent foods were identifying, including four members of cystatins (A, B, C and D), lactoperoxidase, and histidine-rich proteins. No chitinase and amylase were identified as would be expected because howlers do not eat insects and little starch. These findings provide basic information to future studies in oral biology, ingestive physiology, and physiological ecology of mammals and non-human primates.
Recent Developments in Cellulose Nanomaterial Composites
Authors: Clarkson Caitlyn M. , El Awad Azrak Sami M. , Forti Endrina S. , Schueneman Gregory T. , Moon Robert J. , Youngblood Jeffrey P. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCellulose nanomaterials (CNMs) are a class of materials that have recently garnered attention in fields as varied as structural materials, biomaterials, rheology modifiers, construction, paper enhancement, and others. As the principal structural reinforcement of biomass giving wood its mechanical properties, CNM is strong and stiff, but also nontoxic, biodegradable, and sustainable with a very large (Gton yr−1) source. Unfortunately, due to the relatively young nature of the field and inherent incompatibility of CNM with most man‐made materials in use today, research has tended to be more basic‐science oriented rather than commercially applicable, so there are few CNM‐enabled products on the market today. Herein, efforts are presented for preparing and forming cellulose nanomaterial nanocomposites. The focus is on recent efforts attempting to mitigate common impediments to practical commercialization but is also placed in context with traditional efforts. The work is presented in terms of the progress made, and still to be made, on solving the most pressing challenges—getting properties that are competitive with currently used materials, removing organic solvent, solving the inherent incompatibility between CNM and polymers of interest, and incorporation into commonly used industrial processing techniques.
Acoustic Vibration‐Induced Actuation of Multiple Microrotors in Microfluidics
Authors: Zhou Yinning , Wang Hao , Ma Zhichao , Yang Joel K. W. , Ai Ye 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSimultaneous and uniform actuation of multiple microrotors with easy fabrication method has been gathering significant attention in the field of precise microfluidic manipulation. In this work, the use of a piezoelectric vibration stage is presented to achieve the tunable acoustic vibration‐induced actuation of multiple microrotors fabricated by two‐photon polymerization. A series of curved sharp tips are predefined on the microrotors, which can generate paired asymmetric acoustic microstreaming to propel the rotor rotating around the stator with <1 kHz acoustic vibration. Microrotor's rotational speed can be readily controlled by tuning the signal input frequency and the number of rotor arms. A rotational speed of ≈1600 RPM can be achieved by a series of microrotors in aqueous solutions. This method enables easy and versatile microrotor fabrication and remote actuation of multiple rotors with simplicity and uniformity, providing promising solutions in various microfluidic manipulation applications.
Rippled Metallic‐Nanowire/Graphene/Semiconductor Nanostack for a Gate‐Tunable Ultrahigh‐Performance Stretchable Phototransistor
Authors: Haider Golam , Wang Yen‐Hsiang , Sonia Farjana J. , Chiang Chia‐Wei , Frank Otakar , Vejpravova Jana , Kalbáč Martin , Chen Yang‐Fang 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDespite being one of the most robust materials with intriguing optoelectronic properties, the practical use of single‐layer graphene (SLG) in soft‐electronic technologies is limited due to its poor native stretchability, low absorption coefficient, poor on/off ratio, etc. To circumvent these difficulties, here, a rippled gate‐tunable ultrahigh responsivity nanostack phototransistor composed of SLG, semiconductor‐nanoparticles (NPs), and metallic‐nanowires (NWs) embedded in an elastic film is proposed. The unique electronic conductivity of SLG and high absorption strength of semiconductor‐NPs produce an ultrahigh photocurrent gain. The metallic NWs serve as an excellent stretchable gate electrode. The ripple structured nanomaterials surmount their native stretchability, providing strength and electromechanical stability to the composite. Combining all these unique features, highly stretchable and ultrasensitive phototransistors are created, which can be stretched up to 30% with high repeatability maintaining a photoresponsivity, photocurrent gain, and detectivity of ≈106 A W−1, 107, and 1013 Jones, respectively, which are comparable with the same class of rigid devices. In addition, the device can be turned‐off by applying a suitable gate voltage, which is very convenient for photonic circuits. Moreover, the study can be extended to many other 2D systems, and therefore paves a crucial step for designing high‐performance soft optoelectronic devices for practical applications.
Generalized Chemoselective Transfer Hydrogenation/Hydrodeuteration
Authors: Wang Yong , Cao Xinyi , Zhao Leyao , Pi Chao , Ji Jingfei , Cui Xiuling , Wu Yangjie 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA generalized, simple and efficient transfer hydrogenation of unsaturated bonds has been developed using HBPin and various proton reagents as hydrogen sources. The substrates, including alkenes, alkynes, aromatic heterocycles, aldehydes, ketones, imines, azo, nitro, epoxy and nitrile compounds, are all applied to this catalytic system. Various groups, which cannot survive under the Pd/C/H2 combination, are tolerated. The activity of the reactants was studied and the trends are as follows: styrene>diphenylmethanimine>benzaldehyde>azobenzene>nitrobenzene>quinoline>acetophenone>benzonitrile. Substrates bearing two or more different unsaturated bonds were also investigated and transfer hydrogenation occurred with excellent chemoselectivity. Nano‐palladium catalyst in situ generated from Pd(OAc)2 and HBPin extremely improved the TH efficiency. Furthermore, chemoselective anti‐Markovnikov hydrodeuteration of terminal aromatic olefins was achieved using D2O and HBPin via in situ HD generation and discrimination.magnified image
Shading decreases rice yield by impeding grain‐filling progress after heading
Authors: Li Qiu‐Ping , Deng Fei , Chen Hong , Zeng Yu‐Ling , Li Bo , Zhong Xiao‐Yuan , Wang Li , Zhou Wei , Chen Yong , Ren Wan‐Jun 
Published: July 2020

AbstractShading stress decreases both the yield and quality of rice (Oryza sativa L.), which has become a serious problem in rice production worldwide. However, the effect of shading stress on the grain‐filling progress of rice is not well understood. In this study, field experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of shading on the grain‐filling progress and grain yield of rice at Hanyuan and Wenjiang in Sichuan, China, between 2018 and 2019. The results showed that shading after heading significantly decreased the spikelet‐filling rate and grain weight, as well as the dry weight of grains panicle–1, 30 d after shading; these traits were closely related to the grain yield of rice. Hence, the grain yield decreased by 13.72–22.54% and 6.86–14.35% at Hanyuan and Wenjiang, respectively. However, the influence of shading stress on the spikelet‐filling rate, grain weight, and dry weight of grains panicle–1 30 d after shading differed according to spikelet positions. In general, these influences were greater on spikelets at the bottom and middle positions than on those at the top position. Furthermore, the effects of shading stress on rice differed across study sites; shading stress had a greater effect on grain weight at Hanyuan, but a greater effect on spikelet‐filling rate at Wenjiang. Therefore, it is critical to improve both spikelet‐filling rate and grain weight of spikelets at the bottom and middle positions to maintain the grain yield of rice under shading stress.
Analysis of soybean yield formation differences across different production regions in China
Authors: Xu Cailong , He Yanqin , Sun Shi , Song Wenwen , Wu Tingting , Han Tianfu , Wu Cunxiang 
Published: July 2020

AbstractUnderstanding the yield gaps and its limiting factors under different soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] production environments is essential in order to increase yield to meet plant‐based protein and vegetable oil requirements. Soybean yield data from the National Crop Varieties Test (NCVT) were analyzed to identify yield‐limiting factors and yield improvement measures in the four soybean agro‐ecological regions in China. The average yield was 2.70 Mg ha−1, with a unimodal distribution from North to South. The highest yield was in Huang‐Huai‐Hai Plain (HHH), followed by Yangtze River Valley (YRV), Northeast (NE), and Tropical and Subtropical region (TS). Seed weight was a major limiting factor of yield improvement for low‐yield farmfields, while pods per plant and seeds per plant were both limiting factors of yield improvement for middle‐ and high‐yield farmfields. Choosing improved soybean varieties in the right areas is the most critical factor in increasing yields. Selecting high‐yield soybean varieties with high seed weights should be the primary task to further improve the yield for NE region. Increasing seed number and seed weight by preventing pod shedding and abortion with chemical control techniques from flowering to pod formation should be the key yield‐increasing measures for soybean production in YRV and TS regions. Furthermore, attention should be paid to maintaining soil moisture and ensuring water supply in HHH region. Furthermore, advanced agronomic techniques, such as high‐precision sowing, proper plant protection controls, and proper fertilizer formulas based on soil testing, are also vital measures to improve soybean yields.
Mandibular shape variation in mainland and insular hylobatids
Authors: Pitirri M. Kathleen , Vermeulen Erin , Komza Klara , Begun David R. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAlthough hylobatids are the most speciose of the living apes, their morphological interspecies and intraspecies variation remains poorly understood. Here, we assess mandibular shape variation in two species ofHylobates, white‐handed (Hylobates lar) and black‐handed (Hylobates agilis) gibbons. Using 71 three‐dimensional landmarks to quantify mandibular shape, interspecies and intraspecies variation and geographic patterns of mandibular shape are examined in a mixed sex sample of adultH. larandH. agilisthrough generalized Procrustes analysis, Procrustes analysis of variance, and principal components analysis. We find that relative toH. agilis, H. larexhibits a higher amount of variation in mandibular shape. Both species demonstrate similar allometric patterns in mandibular shape. We also highlight a geographic pattern in mandibular shape variation. Compared to mainland hylobatids, insular hylobatids have relatively lower, more posteriorly oriented, and anteroposteriorly wider mandibular condyles, with an increased distance between the condyles and the coronoid processes. This geographic pattern could reflect differences in functional demands on the mandible during mastication and/or could be driven by factors often associated with evolutionary pressures of island populations relative to mainland populations. The findings of this study highlight how little is known aboutHylobatesmorphological variation and how important this is for usingHylobatesto help interpret the primate fossil record. Understanding interspecific and intraspecific variation in extant primates is vital to interpreting variation in the primate fossil record.
Transition‐Metal‐Containing Porphyrin Metal–Organic Frameworks as π‐Backbonding Adsorbents for NO2 Removal
Authors: Shang Shanshan , Yang Chao , Wang Chenguang , Qin Junsheng , Li Yi , Gu Qinfen , Shang Jin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMitigating ambient nitrogen dioxide (NO2) pollution via selective adsorption on porous materials is a promising approach to tackle such an increasingly pressing environmental health issue. However, very few porous adsorbents have sufficiently high NO2 adsorption capacity and good regenerability simultaneously. Here we attempt to address this challenge by developing π‐backbonding adsorbents in the transition metal (TM) incorporated porphyrin metal–organic frameworks (PMOFs). Breakthrough experiments show that PMOFs with inserted TMs achieve appreciable NO2 capacity and good regenerability. Combined in situ DRIFTS, synchrotron powder XRD, and DFT calculations reveal the adsorption mechanism: NO2 partially transforms to N2O4 and interacts with transition metal via π‐backbonding and Al‐node via hydrogen bonding. This work affords new insights for designing next‐generation adsorbents for ambient NO2 removal and presents PMOFs as a platform to tailor π‐backbonding adsorbents.