bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trabecular Bone Score and Bone Density in Patients With Non-radiographic Axial Spondyloarthritis
Authors: Hamoud Hesham , Ghit Mohamed , Ali Mohamad , Khaled Islam 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BackgroundSpondyloarthritis (SpA) represents a group of several inflammatory conditions. Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (nr-axSpA) are considered to belong to SpA family of diseases. The aim of our study is to evaluate bone mineral density (BMD) and trabecular bone scores (TBS) scores in patients suffering from nr-axSpA.MethodsA cross-sectional study evaluating 160 patients. Inclusion criteria involved patients 18-45 years of age, having clinical features of SpA, and fulfilling Calin’s criteria for inflammatory low back pain. Patients were divided into 3 groups; group A (nr-axSpA) patients, group B (radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (r-axSpA)) patients, and group C (mechanical low back pain).Results Female to male ratio was significantly higher in group A compared to group B (63.3% vs. 36.7%) and (23.33% vs. 76.7%) (p< 0.001), respectively. While disease duration was significantly higher in group B in comparison to groups A and C (47.65±7.15, 18.56±6.55, and 14.76±4.20) (p<0.001), respectively. L1-L4 and L2-L4 TBS of groups A and B were significantly lower compared to group C (p<0.001). Additionally, a statistically significant decrease in BMD scores of L1-L4, femoral neck, and total hip bones was detected in group A compared to group C (p< 0.001).ConclusionPatients with nr-axSpA had a lower BMD and TBS compared to r-axSpA group (B) and control group (C), and it predominantly affected more females than males (3:1).
Control and Emotional Reactivity Levels: Which One, Positive or Negative Emotional Reactivity Links with Effortful Control?
Authors: Hurriyati Evi Afifah , Fitriana Efi , Cahyadi Surya , Srisayekti Wilis 
Published: September 2020

The research investigated the relationship between effortful control and emotional reactivity in students. It also analyzed the description of each variable descriptively based on the levels of effortful control and the level of emotional reactivity. The method was by self-report through questionnaires distributed to students aged 18-30 years. There were 357 participants that were consisting of 94 male students and 263 female students. The measuring instrument was the Effortful Control from the Adult Temperament Scale Questionnaire (ATQ) Scale-Short form, and the Perth Emotional Reactivity Scale-Short Form scale. The result shows that there is a positive significant relationship between effortful control and positive emotional reactivity. However, the research shows that there is a negatively significant relationship between effortful control and negative emotional reactivity. It states that students with high levels of effortful control have high positive emotional reactivity. Likewise, students who have low levels of effortful have low positive emotional reactivity. However, individuals who have a high level of effortful control have low negative emotional reactivity and vice versa.
Modeling seasonal trends in optimum temperatures over India
Authors: Agrawal Nishtha , Pandey Vivek K. , Mishra Shailendra K. , Pandey Vinay S. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractGlobal warming and changes in seasonal temperature can severely affect the general circulation and precipitation distribution of a region. Therefore, it becomes essential to analyze seasonal trends in air temperature with changing climate. The present study evaluates the troposphere temperature extremes over India during different seasons. We intend to identify significant trends in temperature distribution in different regions of India using the Mann–Kendall test. Further, we have calculated indices concerning temperature extremes to make inferences about the nature of this monotonicity at four pressure levels on a seasonal and annual basis. The temperature data being used in our analysis is obtained from the output of a Regional Climate Model version 4.6 (RegCM v4.6). The monthly temperature values are taken for 25 years (1982–2006) from the model output. We observed that the model captured temperature climatology is coherent with our theoretical analysis. Results of our study reveal a significant (p &lt; 0.05) trend in TT during all the seasons in major parts of the country in the lower troposphere. The upper troposphere, on the other hand, does not show any significant trend during most of the seasons. The identification of these changes can be useful for analysis of coastal vulnerability and extreme weather conditions.
A framework for the use of artificial neural networks for water treatment: development and application
Authors: Paulino Rafael , Bérubé Pierre 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are increasingly being used in water treatment applications because of their ability to model complex systems. The present study proposed a framework to develop and validate ANNs for drinking water treatment and distribution system water quality applications. The framework was used to develop ANNs to identify the optimal ozone dose required for effective UV disinfection and to meet regulatory requirements for disinfection by-products (DBPs) in the distribution system. Treatment at a full-scale treatment plant was successfully modelled, with treated water UV transmittance as the output variable. ANNs could be used to identify operating setpoints that minimize operating costs for effective disinfection during drinking water treatment. However, because of the limited data available to train and validate the distribution system ANNs (i.e. n = 48; 15 years of quarterly measurements), these could not be used to reliably identify operating setpoints that also ensure compliance with DBP regulations.
Docência Universitária
Authors: Soares Sebastião Silva , Guimarães Selva 
Published: September 2020

O artigo apresenta resultados de uma investigação sobre trajetórias formativas de docentes universitários, formadores de professores, iniciantes em Instituições de Federais de Ensino Superior – Ifes. Buscou-se compreender neste trabalho a constituição da docência universitária na universidade brasileira e os desafios enfrentados por professores formadores atuantes em cursos de licenciatura em Pedagogia, História e Educação do Campo de duas universidades/campi federais localizadas na região Norte do Brasil. O referido estudo se insere no campo da abordagem qualitativa da pesquisa em educação. As narrativas dos docentes foram (re)construídas com base nos referenciais metodológicos dos estudos narrativos, em diálogo com a história oral de vida. Nesse contexto de análise, as vozes dos professores formadores evidenciaram como a fase inicial da docência na educação superior é caracterizada por dilemas, desafios, aprendizagens e oportunidades de desenvolvimento pessoal e profissional. Esse período é, porquanto, um tempo singular-plural de construção e ressignificação das identidades dos professores formadores.
PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN COOPERATIVE LEARNING TIPE STUDENT TEAMS ACHIEVMENT DIVISIONS PADA MATERI PEREKONOMIAN TERBUKA
Authors: Agustendi Sonny 
Published: September 2020

Abstrak: Pencapaian hasil belajar peserta didik ditentukan oleh banyak faktor. Di antaranya faktor yang sangat penting adalah bagaimana guru mengemas pembelajaran yang mengacu pada pembelajaran yang aktif, inovatif, kreatif, efektif, menyenangkan, gembira dan berbobot. Salah satu model pembelajaran yang dikembangkan oleh Slavin yaitu Cooperative Learning Tipe STAD. Model tersebut dipandang mampu untuk mendorong sisa belajar aktif dan kreatif. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian Tindakan Kelas. Fase pembelajaran mengacu pada pembelajaran Cooperative Learning tipe STAD. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilakukan di kelas XI IPS 4 SMA Negeri 2 Banjar diketahui bahwa dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada materi perekonomian terbuka. Simpulan ini didasarkan dari peningkatan ketuntasan belajar setelah dilakukan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD meningkat. Pada siklus I sebesar 17 % dan pada siklus II menjadi 89%. Guru dapat menerapkan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa dan dapat dijadikan sebagai variasi model pembelajaran, namun harus disesuaikan dengan karakteristik materi yang akan dipelajari seperti pada materi perekonomian terbuka.Abstract: Many factors determine the achievement of student learning outcomes. Among the significant factors is how teachers package learning that refers to active, innovative, creative, practical, fun, joyful and weighty learning. One of the learning models developed by Slavin is Cooperative Learning Type STAD. The model is considered capable of encouraging the rest of active and creative learning. This research is a Classroom Action research. The learning phase refers to STAD Cooperative Learning types. Based on the results of classroom action research conducted in class XI IPS 4 Public Senior High School 2 Banjar, it is known that by using the cooperative learning model STAD type can improve student learning outcomes in the most economical material. This conclusion is based on the increase in learning completeness after the STAD type cooperative learning model, which increased in the first cycle by 17% and in the second cycle to 89%. The teacher can apply the STAD type cooperative learning model to improve student learning outcomes and can be used as a variety of learning models, but must be adapted to the characteristics of the material to be studied as in the open economy material.
Leaching behavior of vitreous fertilizers for application as plant nutrients
Authors: Chaturvedi Raj Kumar , Kumar Vijay , Singh Vinay Kumar 
Published: September 2020

In view of significant role of macro and micro nutrient elements for increasing the food production to feed the growing population along with maintaining soil fertility, glassy fertilizers to supply the said need were prepared in the laboratory. The main objective of the present work is to study the role of different nutrient elements in the glass composition to be used as fertilizers. This has been aimed to provide a better substitution of chemical fertilizers because of its specific nature of leachability in aqueous medium. In the present research paper, the combined varying effect of different nutrient elements such as P, B, Zn, Fe, Cu, K and Si has been investigated using different experimental techniques.
Human- Versus Machine Learning–Based Triage Using Digitalized Patient Histories in Primary Care: Comparative Study
Authors: Entezarjou Artin , Bonamy Anna-Karin Edstedt , Benjaminsson Simon , Herman Pawel , Midlöv Patrik 
Published: September 2020

Background
Smartphones have made it possible for patients to digitally report symptoms before physical primary care visits. Using machine learning (ML), these data offer an opportunity to support decisions about the appropriate level of care (triage).

Objective
The purpose of this study was to explore the interrater reliability between human physicians and an automated ML-based triage method.

Methods
After testing several models, a naïve Bayes triage model was created using data from digital medical histories, capable of classifying digital medical history reports as either in need of urgent physical examination or not in need of urgent physical examination. The model was tested on 300 digital medical history reports and classification was compared with the majority vote of an expert panel of 5 primary care physicians (PCPs). Reliability between raters was measured using both Cohen κ (adjusted for chance agreement) and percentage agreement (not adjusted for chance agreement).

Results
Interrater reliability as measured by Cohen κ was 0.17 when comparing the majority vote of the reference group with the model. Agreement was 74% (138/186) for cases judged not in need of urgent physical examination and 42% (38/90) for cases judged to be in need of urgent physical examination. No specific features linked to the model’s triage decision could be identified. Between physicians within the panel, Cohen κ was 0.2. Intrarater reliability when 1 physician retriaged 50 reports resulted in Cohen κ of 0.55.

Conclusions
Low interrater and intrarater agreement in triage decisions among PCPs limits the possibility to use human decisions as a reference for ML to automate triage in primary care.
Use of mHealth Devices to Screen for Atrial Fibrillation: Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
Authors: Giebel Godwin D 
Published: September 2020

Background
With an estimated prevalence of around 3% and an about 2.5-fold increased risk of stroke, atrial fibrillation (AF) is a serious threat for patients and a high economic burden for health care systems all over the world. Patients with AF could benefit from screening through mobile health (mHealth) devices. Thus, an early diagnosis is possible with mHealth devices, and the risk for stroke can be markedly reduced by using anticoagulation therapy.

Objective
The aim of this work was to assess the cost-effectiveness of algorithm-based screening for AF with the aid of photoplethysmography wrist-worn mHealth devices. Even if prevented strokes and prevented deaths from stroke are the most relevant patient outcomes, direct costs were defined as the primary outcome.

Methods
A Monte Carlo simulation was conducted based on a developed state-transition model; 30,000 patients for each CHA2DS2-VASc (Congestive heart failure, Hypertension, Age≥75 years, Diabetes mellitus, Stroke, Vascular disease, Age 65-74 years, Sex category [female]) score from 1 to 9 were simulated. The first simulation served to estimate the economic burden of AF without the use of mHealth devices. The second simulation served to simulate the economic burden of AF with the use of mHealth devices. Afterwards, the groups were compared in terms of costs, prevented strokes, and deaths from strokes.

Results
The CHA2DS2-VASc score as well as the electrocardiography (ECG) confirmation rate had the biggest impact on costs as well as number of strokes. The higher the risk score, the lower were the costs per prevented stroke. Higher ECG confirmation rates intensified this effect. The effect was not seen in groups with lower risk scores. Over 10 years, the use of mHealth (assuming a 75% ECG confirmation rate) resulted in additional costs (€1=US $1.12) of €441, €567, €536, €520, €606, €625, €623, €692, and €847 per patient for a CHA2DS2-VASc score of 1 to 9, respectively. The number of prevented strokes tended to be higher in groups with high risk for stroke. Higher ECG confirmation rates led to higher numbers of prevented strokes. The use of mHealth (assuming a 75% ECG confirmation rate) resulted in 25 (7), –68 (–54), 98 (–5), 266 (182), 346 (271), 642 (440), 722 (599), 1111 (815), and 1116 (928) prevented strokes (fatal) for CHA2DS2-VASc score of 1 to 9, respectively. Higher device accuracy in terms of sensitivity led to even more prevented fatal strokes.

Conclusions
The use of mHealth devices to screen for AF leads to increased costs but also a reduction in the incidence of stroke. In particular, in patients with high CHA2DS2-VASc scores, the risk for stroke and death from stroke can be markedly reduced.
Internet videos of Premature ejaculation in mainland China: a content analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Wei Shanzun , Wu Changjing , Ma Ming , Yu Botao , Zhang Hailun 
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND

Premature ejaculation (PE) is one of the most complained sexual dysfunctions both in China and worldwide. Although the booming online healthcare service and information are attracting increasing numbers of patients and users in mainland China, the quality and reliability of PE related information available online are yet disseminated.

OBJECTIVE

To assess the quality of information regarding premature ejaculation (PE) videos on top video websites in China.

METHODS

The iQiyi (https://www.iqiyi.com/), QQ video (https://v.qq.com), Youku (https://www.youku.com), MGTV (https://www.mgtv.com), Bilibili (https://www.bilibili.com), Sohu (https://tv.sohu.com), CCTV (https://v.cctv.com), LeTV (http://www.le.com), PPTV (https://www.pptv.com), 56.com (http://www.56.com) were searched in March 2020 for the search term premature ejaculation. All available videos were triaged for inclusion, and two reviewers independently evaluate the videos using GSQ scores for quality and DISCERN tools for their content reliability. All data were analyzed by SPSS software.

RESULTS

PE related content is not available on all websites. Some websites strictly restrict sex-related content regardless if it aims to provide healthcare information. Of the 577 discovered videos, 416 videos were excluded for been irrelevant (n = 123), poor quality (n = 15), VIP accessible (n = 22), false advertisement (n = 76) and duplication (n = 180). In the include videos ,99 (61.5%) were described as reliable, and 62 (38.5%) as nonreliable. The assessed agreement was positive (kappa index = 0.894), and the calculated intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.963 for DISCERN and 0.902 for GSQ scoring. The recorded length of reliable and nonreliable videos was equivalent (3.16 ± 3.29 min VS 3.50 ± 3.50 min, P=0.54), but the DISCERN score between reliable and nonreliable videos were 2.92±0.72	and 1.23±0.68 (P<0.001), GSQ scores are 3.19±0.99 and 0.58±0.82 (P<0.01).Videos exposure rate is not analyzable for data such as uploading data, and video views are not available in some of these websites. Some websites topped the most reliable healthcare education content provided by medical social media.

CONCLUSIONS

The resources of Chinese video websites vary greatly. Users who search for PE related information need to choose the right network platform and select better-produced videos. Many professional medical professionals have participated in video production. With the growing number of videos, efforts need to be stressed on content reviewing and evaluation framework establishment.
WATER CARRYING CAPACITY BASED ON ECOSYSTEM SERVICES IN URBAN AGRICULTURE OF PALU
Authors: Nursalam Nursalam , Edy Nur 
Published: September 2020

Urban agriculture grows increasingly in tropical countries. It develops not only to feed the growth of the population but also to provide green space, biodiversity, and recreational landscaping. However, developing urban agriculture is facing the problem of water provision. This study examines the existence of agricultural land in Palu, investigates the distribution of agricultural land use in each district, and analyzes the status of environmental carrying capacity for provisioning water. The environmental carrying capacity for provisioning water was assessed based on ecosystem services analysis. The total area of agricultural land in Palu is 5,892.06 ha or about 16.52% of the total area, which spreads in all districts. Three districts recorded have the more extensive agricultural lands, Mantikulore, Tawaeli, and North Palu, of each, has 2188.12 ha (14%), 1090.89 ha (18.51%), and 723.88 ha (12.29%) respectively. The status of water carrying capacity ranged from moderate to high levels, covering an area of ​​5,189.95 ha or 88.08% of the total area of ​​agricultural land. The low carrying capacity of water provision covers ​​689.31 ha or about 11.84% of the total agricultural land. The district of West and South Palu calculated to have the highest carrying capacity. However, both districts experienced a decrease in agricultural land space due to urban development. This study's finding contributes to essential data for relevant authorities in decisions making for sustainable development of urban agriculture in Palu.
What has Remained of the USSR – Exploring the Erosion of the Post-Soviet Space
Authors: Hansen Flemming Splidsboel 
Published: September 2020

Abstract: What has Remained of the USSR – Exploring the Erosion of the Post-Soviet SpaceFlemming Splidsboel Hansen (Danish Institute for International Studies) reviews What has Remained of the USSR – Exploring the Erosion of the Post-Soviet Space, edited by Arkady Moshes and András Racz.
EVALUATION OF STUDENTS’ PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCIES FORMATION LEVEL
Authors: Игнатьев Владимир Петрович , Варламова Лариса Федоровна 
Published: September 2020

Раскрываются проблемы оценки уровня сформированности профессиональных компетенций студентов, обучающихся по программам бакалавриата. Несмотря на массовый переход российских вузов в 2011 году на европейскую уровневую систему высшего образования, многие вопросы функционирования высшей школы России остаются не до конца решенными. Основная проблема, которая до сих пор вызывает наибольшее количество дискуссий в вузовской среде, связана с оценкой уровня полученных знаний, умений и владений, которые должны сформироваться согласно компетентностному подходу в рамках реализации основной профессиональной образовательной программы (ОПОП) в соответствии с требованиями действующего федерального государственного образовательного стандарта ФГОС 3++. Многие российские вузы сформировали свои внутренние системы оценки достигнутого уровня профессиональных компетенций. Данные оценочные системы отличаются друг от друга подходами к проведению оценочных процедур, применяемыми средствами и методиками. Но ни одна из рассмотренных методик не может гарантировать высокой степени достоверности полученных результатов, так как основана на смешении новой и старой парадигм высшего образования. Предлагаются конкретные меры, которые необходимо предпринять для того, чтобы оценка уровня сформированных профессиональных компетенций обучающихся стала более реальной.
The problems of assessing the level of formation of professional competencies of students studying undergraduate programs are revealed. Despite the massive transition of Russian universities to the European level system of higher education in 2011, many issues of functioning of higher education in Russia remain unresolved. The main problem that still causes the greatest number of discussions in the University environment is related to the assessment of the level of knowledge, skills and skills that should be formed according to the competence approach in the framework of the implementation of the main professional educational program in accordance with the requirements of the current Federal state educational standard FSES 3++. Many Russian universities have developed their own internal systems for assessing the level of professional competence achieved. These evaluation systems differ from each other in their approaches to conducting evaluation procedures, the tools and methods used. However, none of the methods considered can guarantee a high degree of reliability of the results obtained, since it is based on a mixture of the new and old paradigms of higher education. Specific measures are suggested that should be taken in order to make the assessment of the level of formed professional competencies of students more realistic.