bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biomarker Modulation Study of Celecoxib for Chemoprevention in Women at Increased Risk for Breast Cancer: A Phase II Pilot Study
Authors: Bayraktar Soley , Baghaki Sema , Wu Jimin , Liu Diane D. , Gutierrez-Barrera Angelica M. , Bevers Therese B. , Valero Vicente , Sneige Nour , Arun Banu K. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn preclinical studies, celecoxib has been associated with reduced risk of breast cancer. In this study, the aim was to assess the biomodulatory effect of celecoxib on blood and benign breast tissue biomarkers in women at increased risk for breast cancer. Women at increased risk for breast cancer [5-year Gail risk score of &gt;1.67%, history of atypical hyperplasia, lobular carcinoma in situ, or previous estrogen receptor (ER)-negative breast cancer] were treated with celecoxib at 400 mg orally twice daily for 6 months. Participants underwent random periareolar fine needle aspiration and blood draw at baseline and at 6 months for analysis of biomarkers: serum levels of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), IGF-binding protein 1 (IGFBP-1), and IGFBP-3; tissue expression of Ki-67 and ER; as well as cytology. Forty-nine patients were eligible for analysis. Median IGFBP-1 levels increased significantly from 6.05 ng/mL at baseline to 6.93 ng/mL at 6 months (P = 0.04), and median IGFBP-3 levels decreased significantly from 3,593 ng/mL to 3,420 ng/mL (P = 0.01). We also detected favorable changes in cytology of 52% of tested sites after 6 months of celecoxib therapy. No changes in tissue Ki-67 and ER expression levels were observed. No grade 3 or 4 toxicity was recorded. Celecoxib was well tolerated and induced favorable changes in serum biomarkers as well as cytology in this pilot phase II trial. A phase IIb placebo-controlled study with celecoxib could be considered for women at increased risk for breast cancer.
Multicenter Study on the Diagnostic Performance of Native-T1 Cardiac Magnetic Resonance of Chronic Myocardial Infarctions at 3T
Authors: Wang Guan , Lee Sang-Eun , Yang Qi , Sadras Vignesh , Patel Suraj , Yang Hsin-Jung , Sharif Behzad , Kali Avinash , Cokic Ivan , Xie Guoxi , Tighiouart Mourad , Collins Jeremy , Li Debiao , Berman Daniel S , Chang Hyuk-Jae , Dharmakumar Rohan 
Published: June 2020

Background:
Preclinical studies and pilot patient studies have shown that chronic infarctions can be detected and characterized from cardiac magnetic resonance without gadolinium-based contrast agents using native-T1 maps at 3T. We aimed to investigate the diagnostic capacity of this approach for characterizing chronic myocardial infarctions (MIs) in a multi-center setting.

Methods:
Patients with a prior MI (n=105) were recruited at 3 different medical centers and were imaged with native-T1 mapping and late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) at 3T. Infarct location, size, and transmurality were determined from native-T1 maps and LGE. Sensitivity, specificity, receiver-operating characteristic metrics, and inter- and intraobserver variabilities were assessed relative to LGE.

Results:

Across all subjects, T1 of MI territory was 1621±110 ms, and remote territory was 1225±75 ms. Sensitivity, specificity, and area under curve for detecting MI location based on native-T1 mapping relative to LGE were 88%, 92%, and 0.93, respectively. Native-T1 maps were not different for measuring infarct size (native-T1 maps: 12.1±7.5%; LGE: 11.8±7.2%,
P
=0.82) and were in agreement with LGE (
R

2

=0.92, bias, 0.09±2.6%). Corresponding inter- and intraobserver assessments were also highly correlated (interobserver:
R

2

=0.90, bias, 0.18±2.4%; and intraobserver:
R

2

=0.91, bias, 0.28±2.1%). Native T1 maps were not different for measuring MI transmurality (native-T1 maps: 49.1±15.8%; LGE: 47.2±19.0%,
P
=0.56) and showed agreement (
R

2

=0.71; bias, 1.32±10.2%). Corresponding inter- and intraobserver assessments were also in agreement (interobserver:
R

2

=0.81, bias, 0.1±9.4%; and intraobserver:
R

2

=0.91, bias, 0.28±2.1%, respectively). While the overall accuracy for detecting MI with native-T1 maps at 3T was high, logistic regression analysis showed that MI location was a prominent confounder.

Conclusions:
Native-T1 mapping can be used to image chronic MI with high degree of accuracy, and as such, it is a viable alternative for scar imaging in patients with chronic MI who are contraindicated for LGE. Technical advancements may be needed to overcome the imaging confounders that currently limit native-T1 mapping from reaching equivalent detection levels as LGE.
Aren’t Prosody and Syntax Marking Bias in Questions?
Authors: Arnhold Anja , Braun Bettina , Romero Maribel 
Published: June 2020

As first observed by Ladd in 1981, English polar questions with high negation (e.g., Aren’t they adding a menu item?) can be used both to check the speaker’s belief that the proposition p is true (e.g., p = they are adding a menu item) and to check the addressee’s belief that p is not true (¬ p). We hypothesized that this ambiguity can be disambiguated prosodically. We further hypothesized that the prosodic disambiguation is absent in German, because the checked proposition can be marked morpho-syntactically, with questions with high negation checking p and low negation questions (e.g., Are they not adding a menu item?) checking ¬ p. A production study tested these hypotheses with 24 speakers of Western Canadian English and German each (764 and 767 total utterances, respectively). The results showed that, when the speaker originally believed p and the addressee implied ¬ p, English speakers preferred questions with high negation over low negation questions, confirming Ladd’s observation, and used intonation to mark whose proposition they were checking, as hypothesized. By contrast, German speakers marked this distinction morpho-syntactically, realizing mostly questions with high negation to check their own proposition and low negation questions to check the addressee’s proposition. Their prosody, in turn, was largely determined by the morpho-syntactic question form. The study further manipulated the speaker’s certainty of the checked proposition, but, in contrast to studies on Romance languages, found that certainty itself was not marked.
Health Literacy and Health Behaviors Among Adults With Prediabetes, 2016 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System
Authors: Luo Huabin , Chen Zhuo , Bell Ronny , Rafferty Ann P. , Gaskins Little N. Ruth , Winterbauer Nancy 
Published: June 2020

Objectives Evidence is needed for designing interventions to address health literacy–related issues among adults with prediabetes to reduce their risk of developing type 2 diabetes. This study assessed health literacy and behaviors among US adults with prediabetes and the mediating role of health literacy on health behaviors. Methods We used data from the 2016 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) ( N = 54 344 adults). The BRFSS health literacy module included 3 questions on levels of difficulty in obtaining information, understanding health care providers, and comprehending written information. We defined low health literacy as a response of “somewhat difficult” or “very difficult” to at least 1 of these 3 questions. Respondents self-reported their prediabetes status. We included 3 health behavior indicators available in the BRFSS survey—current smoking, physical inactivity, and inadequate sleep, all measured as binary outcomes (yes/no). We used a path analysis to examine pathways among prediabetes, health literacy, and health behaviors. Results About 1 in 5 (19.0%) adults with prediabetes had low health literacy. The rates of physical inactivity (31.0% vs 24.6%, P < .001) and inadequate sleep (38.8% vs 33.5%, P < .001) among adults with prediabetes were significantly higher than among adults without prediabetes. The path analysis showed a significant direct effect of prediabetes and health literacy on health behaviors. The indirect effect of prediabetes through health literacy on health behaviors was also significant. Conclusion BRFSS data from 2016 showed that rates of low health literacy and unhealthy behaviors were higher among adults with prediabetes than among adults without prediabetes. Interventions are needed to assist adults with prediabetes in comprehending, communicating about, and managing health issues to reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes.
Location of the Sphenoid Sinus Ostium in Relation to Adjacent Anatomical Landmarks
Authors: Doubi Aseel , Albathi Abeer , Sukyte-Raube Donata , Castelnuovo Paolo , Alfawwaz Fahad , AlQahtani Abdulaziz 
Published: June 2020

Purpose: The variability of sphenoid pneumatization and its relationship with the surrounding structures has been suggested. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of the surrounding bony structures on the position of the sphenoid ostium (SO). Methods: A prospective radiological review of computed tomography images of paranasal sinuses of 150 patients (300 sides) was conducted. Parameters investigated included the presence of Onodi cells, sphenoid rostrum pneumatization, and the type of sphenoid pneumatization on the coronal and sagittal planes. Their effect was studied on the vertical and horizontal plane using lines of measurement 1 through 5. Results: The most common location of the SO on the horizontal plane was found to be in the middle third and was significantly affected by the rostrum pneumatization ( P value <.001) and sphenoid pneumatization on the coronal plane ( P value = .018). The location of the SO on the vertical plane was most commonly in the middle third. It was significantly affected by Onodi cell pneumatization ( P value = .021) as well as the sphenoid height ( P value <.001). Conclusions: Pneumatization of the sphenoid sinus and adjacent bony structures can affect the location of the SO. Presence of rostrum pneumatization and lateral sphenoid pneumatization shift the SO laterally. Presence of Onodi cell and low sphenoid roof shift the SO inferiorly. These variations need to be studied carefully before surgery in order to avoid operative complications.
Laser Microsurgery Versus Radiotherapy Versus Open Partial Laryngectomy for T2 Laryngeal Carcinoma: A Systematic Review of Oncological Outcomes
Authors: Campo Flaminia , Zocchi Jacopo , Ralli Massimo , De Seta Daniele , Russo Francesca Yoshie , Angeletti Diletta , Minni Antonio , Greco Antonio , Pellini Raul , de Vincentiis Marco 
Published: June 2020

Introduction: The aim of the current systematic review is to update the pooled survival outcome of patients with T2 glottic carcinoma treated with either laser surgery (CO2 transoral laser microsurgery [CO2 TOLMS]), radiotherapy (RT), or open partial laryngectomy (OPL). Methods: A systematic search was performed using the MEDLINE database, Scopus, and Google scholar. The inclusion criteria were studies of patients with T2N0 glottic tumor, treated with either primary CO2 TOLMS, definitive curative RT, or primary OPL, and with reported oncological outcome at 5 years calculated with a Kaplan-Meier or Cox regression method. Results: The results of the current review show that local control (LC) is higher with OPL 94.4%, while there are no differences in LC at 5-year posttreatment for patients treated with RT, compared to those treated with CO2 TOLMS (respectively, 75.6% and 75.4%). Primary treatment with OPL and CO2 TOLMS results in higher laryngeal preservation than primary treatment with RT (respectively 95.8%, 86.9%, and 82.4%). Conclusion: First-line treatment with OPL and CO2 TOLMS should be encouraged in selected T2 patients, because it results in higher laryngeal preservation and similar LC compared to primary treatment with RT. The involvement of the anterior commissure in the craniocaudal plane and T2b impaired vocal cord mobility have a poorer prognosis and LC compared to patients with T2a tumors for both CO2 TOLMS and RT.
Quality of Life Questionnaire-Bronchiectasis: a study of the psychometric properties of the Brazilian Portuguese version
Authors: de Camargo Cristiane O , José Anderson , Luppo Adriano , de Camargo Anderson A , Athanazio Rodrigo A , Rached Samia Z , Quittner Alexandra L , Stelmach Rafael , Dal Corso Simone 
Published: June 2020

Objective: To evaluate the psychometric properties of the Brazilian Portuguese version of the Quality of Life Questionnaire-Bronchiectasis. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Outpatient clinic. Subjects: Clinically stable individuals with a diagnosis of bronchiectasis. Measures: The evaluations performed were spirometry, incremental shuttle walk test, Saint George’s Respiratory Questionnaire, and the modified Medical Research Council dyspnea scale. The Quality of Life Questionnaire-Bronchiectasis was administered twice (seven to 14 days apart). Psychometric analyses were performed as follows: reliability, construct validity, criterion validity, and interpretability. Results: In total, 108 individuals (48 ± 14 years, 61 women) participated in the study. Internal consistency was considered adequate (Cronbach’s alpha ⩾ 0.70) for the majority of scales (from 0.58 to 0.93). Test–retest coefficients were moderate to excellent (intraclass correlation coefficients from 0.70 to 0.93). In the construct validity, 35 of 37 items correlated more strongly with their assigned scale than a competing scale. The convergent validity showed significant correlations between scales of the Quality of Life Questionnaire-Bronchiectasis with modified Medical Research Council dyspnea scale, and incremental shuttle walk test (r from 0.20 to 0.59). A low to moderate correlations was revealed between all scales of the Quality of Life Questionnaire-Bronchiectasis and the Saint George’s Respiratory Questionnaire domains (r from 0.26 to 0.70). The standard error of measurement was acceptable. Ceiling effects were found for the Social Functioning and Treatment Burden scales. Conclusions: The Quality of Life Questionnaire-Bronchiectasis is a reliable, valid instrument with adequate internal consistency for the evaluation of the impact of bronchiectasis on the health-related quality of life of Brazilian adults.
App-based supplemental exercise in rehabilitation, adherence, and effect on outcomes: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Li Ingrid , Bui Tram , Phan Hoang T , Llado Ana , King Clayton , Scrivener Katharine 
Published: June 2020

Question: To determine the uptake of an app-based supplemental exercise programme in a rehabilitation setting and the effect of such a programme on length of stay and function compared to usual care physiotherapy. Design: Randomized controlled trial with random allocation and assessor blinding. Participants: A total of 144 individuals with mixed diagnoses (orthopaedic, neurological, reconditioning) admitted for inpatient sub-acute rehabilitation. Interventions: Participants were randomly allocated to usual care physiotherapy (control group) or usual care physiotherapy with the addition of an app-based supplemental exercise programme (intervention group). Outcome measures: The primary measure of interest was total supplementary exercise dosage completed by the intervention group. The primary between-group outcome measure was length of stay with secondary measures including walking endurance (Six-Minute Walk Test), walking speed (10-Metre Walk Test), functional mobility (Timed Up and Go Test) and level of disability (Functional Independence Measure). Results: Participants in the intervention group performed 7 minutes (SD: 9) or 49 repetitions (SD: 48) of supplementary exercise using the app each day. There were no differences between the groups for length of stay (mean difference (MD): −0.5 days, 95% confidence interval (CI): −3.2 to 2.2) or change in any secondary functional outcome measures, including walking speed (MD: −0.1 m/s, 95% CI: −0.2 to 0.0) and disability (MD: −0.9, 95% CI: −3.6 to 1.8). Conclusion: A small supplementary exercise dose was achieved by participants in the intervention group. However, such a programme did not affect length of stay or functional outcomes when compared to usual care.
Arthroscopic Treatment of Osteochondral Lesions of the Talus in a Pediatric Population: A Minimum 2-Year Follow-up
Authors: Carlson Michael J. , Antkowiak Tomasz T. , Larsen Nicholas J. , Applegate Gregory R. , Ferkel Richard D. 
Published: June 2020

Background: Treatment of osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLTs) in children presents a difficult clinical challenge, with few large series reported. Purpose: To evaluate functional and radiographic outcomes for children and adolescents undergoing arthroscopic treatment of symptomatic OLT with a minimum follow-up of 2 years. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: Patients were identified who had symptomatic OLT treated arthroscopically with marrow stimulation techniques. Inclusion criteria were age ≤18 years, symptomatic chronic OLT as the surgical indication, failure of nonoperative treatment, and minimum follow-up of 24 months. Outcome measures included Foot Function Index, American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society Hindfoot Score, Tegner Activity Scale, 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (Short Form-36, v 2), visual analog scale, ankle range of motion, and patient satisfaction survey. Weightbearing radiographs were compared with preoperative radiographs via an ankle arthritis classification system. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to evaluate postoperative lesion characteristics per the MOCART scale (magnetic resonance observation of cartilage repair tissue). The size, location, lesion stability, traumatic etiology, skeletal maturity, and length of follow-up were recorded and analyzed through univariate logistic regression. Results: The study group consisted of 22 patients (11 male, 11 female) with a mean age of 14.4 years (range, 8-18 years) and a mean follow-up of 8.3 years (range, 2-27 years). Of 22 patients, 20 were satisfied with the results from surgery and would recommend it to others. Mean follow-up visual analog scale for pain was reported as 2.2 on a 10-point scale, and mean American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society score at follow-up was 86.6. Mean postoperative Foot Function Index scores for the study group were as follows: pain, 17.1; disability, 16.5; activity, 4.7; and overall, 38.7. Mean Short Form-36 physical component score was 50.7. Postoperative radiographs indicated a van Dijk osteoarthritis grade of 0 in 56%, I in 38%, II in 6%, and III in 0%. Postoperative MRI MOCART scores showed complete filling of the cartilage in 27% of cases, complete graft integration in 22%, and intact repair surface in 22%, with a mean MOCART score of 48.0. No correlation was found between radiographic and MRI findings and clinical outcomes. None of the prognostic factors were significantly associated with patient satisfaction, progression of arthritis, or MOCART scores. Conclusion: Arthroscopic treatment of symptomatic OLT in adolescent patients (≤18 years) demonstrated high functional outcomes, high clinical satisfaction rates, and minimal radiographic osteoarthritic progression despite low MOCART scores.
The Role of the Medical School Training on Physician Opioid Prescribing Practices: Evidence from Ontario, Canada: Le rôle de la formation à la faculté de médecine à l’égard des pratiques de prescription d’opioïdes des médecins: données probantes d’Ontario, Canada
Authors: de Oliveira Claire , Iwajomo Tomisin , Gomes Tara , Kurdyak Paul 
Published: June 2020

Background: Recent research found that physicians who completed medical school training at top-ranked U.S. medical schools prescribed fewer opioids than those trained at lower ranked schools, suggesting that physician training may play a role in the opioid epidemic. We replicated this analysis to understand whether this finding holds for Ontario, Canada. Methods: We used data on all opioid prescriptions written by Ontario physicians between 2013 and 2017 from the Narcotics Monitoring System. Using the Corporate Provider Database and ICES Physician Database, which contain medical school of training, we linked patients who filled opioid prescriptions with their respective prescribing physician. Available data on Canadian medical school rankings were obtained from Maclean’s news magazine. We used regression analysis to assess the relationship between number of opioid prescriptions and medical school ranking. Results: Compared to the United States, average annual number of opioid prescriptions per physician was lower in Ontario (236 vs. 78). Unlike the United States, we found little evidence that physicians trained at lower ranked medical schools prescribed more than their top-ranked school counterparts after controlling for specialty and location of practice. However, primary care physicians trained at non-English-speaking foreign schools prescribed the most opioids even after excluding opioid maintenance therapy–related prescriptions. Conclusion: The role of medical school training on opioid prescribing patterns among Ontario physicians differs from that in the United States likely due to greater homogeneity of curricula among Canadian schools. Ensuring physicians trained abroad receive additional pain management/addiction training may help address part of the opioid epidemic in Ontario.
Bow Hunter’s Syndrome in Children: A Review of the Literature and Presentation of a New Case in a 12-Year-Old Girl
Authors: Golomb Meredith R. , Ducis Katrina A. , Martinez Mesha L. 
Published: June 2020

Background: Bow hunter's syndrome, or occlusion of the vertebral artery with head rotation leading to ischemia and sometimes stroke, is rarely described in children. The authors review the literature and present a new case. Methods: Both OVID dating back to 1946 and PubMed records were reviewed using the terms (“Bow hunter syndrome” OR “bow hunter’s”) OR “rotational vertebral artery occlusion” combined with “child,” and limited to English language. SCOPUS and the bibliographies of cases found in the search were used to identify additional articles. Results: Twelve articles were found describing 25 patients; there were 26 patients when combined with our case. Ages ranged from 1 to 18 years. Most (88.5%, 23/26) were male. Medical treatments included aspirin, clopidogrel, abciximab, enoxaparin, warfarin, and cervical collar. Stenting was tried in 2 cases but did not work long-term. Surgical treatments included decompression, cervical fusion, or a combination. We present a new case of a 12-year-old girl with recurrent stroke who had bilateral vascular compression only visible on provocative angiographic imaging with head turn. She was referred for cervical fusion, and abnormal ligamentous laxity was noted intraoperatively. Conclusions: Bow hunter's syndrome is a rare but important cause of stroke since many of the patients experience recurrent strokes before the diagnosis is made. Reasons for the male predominance are unclear. Provocative angiography plays a key role in diagnosis, and both medical treatment and neurosurgical intervention may prevent recurrence.