bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Living biobank: Standardization of organoid construction and challenges
Authors: Yang Ruixin , Qi Yao , Zhang Xiaoyan , Gao Hengjun , Yu Yingyan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In multiple areas such as science, technology, and economic activities, it is necessary to unify the management of repetitive tasks or concepts by standardization to obtain the best order and high efficiency. Organoids, as living tissue models, have rapidly developed in the past decade. Organoids can be used repetitively for in vitro culture, cryopreservation, and recovery for further utilization. Because organoids can recapitulate the parental tissues’ morphological phenotypes, cell functions, biological behaviors, and genomic profiles, they are known as renewable “living biobanks”. Organoids cover two mainstream fields: Adult stem cell-derived organoids (also known as patient-derived organoids) and induced pluripotent stem cell-derived and/or embryonic stem cell-derived organoids. Given the increasing importance of organoids in the development of new drugs, standardized operation, and management in all steps of organoid construction is an important guarantee to ensure the high quality of products. In this review, we systematically introduce the standardization of organoid construction operation procedures, the standardization of laboratory construction, and available standardization documents related to organoid culture that have been published so far. We also proposed the challenges and prospects in this field.
Improving the accuracy of lens formulas for in-the-bag intraocular lens implantation in Marfan syndrome patients with ectopia lentis
Authors: Shen Xin , Chen Zexu , Jia Wannan , Wang Yalei , Chen Xinyao , Chen Tianhui , Liu Yan , Song Linghao , Huo Qiuyi , Jiang Yongxiang 
Published: December 2024

Purpose:
To improve the accuracy of intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation formulas by modifying the effective lens position (ELP) equations for patients with Marfan syndrome (MFS) and ectopia lentis (EL) undergoing in-the-bag IOL implantation.

Setting:
Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

Design:
Retrospective cohort study.

Methods:
The formula-specific ELP was obtained from the SRK/T, T2, Holladay 1, and HofferQ formulas. The back-calculated ELP was obtained based on the vergence formula using preoperative biometry, postoperative refraction, and IOL power. The generalized linear models (GLMs) or gradient boosting machines were used to predict ELP or ELP error.

Results:
255 patients (255 eyes) were assigned randomly into a training set and a validation set (7:3 ratio). Linear correlation identified axial length (AL), corneal height, and white-to-white distance as predictors of ELP and ELP error for patients with shorter AL (AL ≤24 mm). For those with longer AL (AL >24 mm), AL and the central corneal radius were identified as the primary predictors. Incorporating these predictors into the modified ELP formula significantly improved the accuracy in the validation set, including SRK/T, T2, Haigis, Holladay 1, and HofferQ formulas. The improvement was more pronounced in patients with shorter AL. In addition, the GLM-modified formulas outperformed both the Barrett Universal II and Kane formulas. The accuracy across different ocular dimensions was comparable among the modified formulas, based on which an online calculator was developed.

Conclusions:
Using the more accurately predicted ELP can significantly improve the accuracy of existing formulas in patients with MFS.
Barriers to Research for Academic Otologists/Neurotologists in the United States
Authors: Remenschneider Aaron K. , Chen Jenny X. , Emmett Susan D. , Hertzano Ronna 
Published: December 2024

Objective
The physician-scientist workforce is shrinking in the United States. Academic otologists/neurotologists face a diverse set of barriers to successful careers. We aimed to characterize the factors affecting contemporary otology/neurotology surgeon-scientists.

Study design
An electronic survey was distributed to faculty members of the American Neurotology Society and the American Otological Society in 2021. The survey queried demographics, practice setting, compensation, and barriers to conducting research for respondents in academic practice.

Results
One hundred fifty-seven otologists/neurotologists responded to the survey, corresponding to an overall response rate of 25%. Of the respondents, 94 were in academic practice. The median protected research time was 0.5 days/wk, whereas the mode was zero. Across academic rank, salary compensation was lower for academic surgeons with active research funding and for female academic surgeons as compared with their male counterparts. Grant-funded female academic surgeons had significantly worse compensation compared with rank-matched male surgeons with similar protected time. No grant-funded female earned more than the 30th percentile for their rank. Identified barriers to research were pressure to maintain clinical productivity, insufficient protected time, and personal/family demands. Respondents highlighted several areas for improvement: compensation for research activity, administrative support, and improved grant funding mechanisms for clinician-scientists.

Conclusions
Otology/neurotology surgeon-scientists face barriers to research, including limited protected time, poor administrative support, increasingly competitive funding environments, and misaligned compensation models. New initiatives by the National Institute on Deafness and other Communication Disorders aim to increase the surgeon-scientist workforce, but their success may depend upon removing identified barriers at the level of academic institutions.
Diagnostic Performance of Multiparametric MRI for Detection of Prostate Cancer After Focal Therapy
Authors: Petrocelli Robert D. , Bagga Barun , Kim Sooah , Prabhu Vinay , Qian Kun , Becher Ezequiel , Taneja Samir S. , Tong Angela 
Published: December 2024

Background
Minimally invasive focal therapy of low- to intermediate-risk prostate cancer is becoming more common and has demonstrated lower morbidity compared to other treatments. Multiparametric prostate magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) has the potential to be an effective posttreatment evaluation method for residual/recurrent neoplasm.

Objective
This study aimed to evaluate the ability of mpMRI to detect residual/recurrent neoplasm after focal therapy treatment of prostate cancer using a 3-point Likert scale.

Methods
This retrospective study included patients who underwent focal therapy utilizing cryoablation, high-frequency ultrasound, and radiofrequency ablation for low- to intermediate-risk prostate cancer with baseline mpMRI and biopsy and a 6- to 12-month follow-up mpMRI and biopsy. Three abdominal fellowship-trained readers were asked to evaluate the follow-up mpMRI utilizing a 3-point Likert scale based on the level of suspicion as “nonviable,” “equivocal,” or “viable.” Diagnostic statistics and Light's κ for interreader variability were calculated.

Results
A total of 142 patients were included (mean age, 65 ± 7 years). When considering “equivocal” or “viable” as positive, the overall sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for detecting recurrent grade group (GG) 2 or greater disease for Reader 1 were 0.47, 0.83, 0.24, 0.93, and 0.65; for Reader 2, 0.73, 0.75, 0.26, 0.96, and 0.74; and for Reader 3, 0.73, 0.57, 0.17, 0.95, and 0.65. When considering “viable” as positive, the overall sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and AUC for Reader 1 were 0.47, 0.92, 0.41, 0.94, and 0.69; for Reader 2, 0.33, 0.97, 0.56, 0.93, and 0.65; and for Reader 3, 0.53, 0.84, 0.29, 0.94, and 0.69. κ was 0.39.

Conclusions
This study suggests that DCE and DWI are the most important sequences in mpMRI and demonstrates the efficacy of utilizing a 3-point grading system in detecting and diagnosing prostate cancer after focal therapy.

Clinical Impact
mpMRI can be used to monitor for residual/recurrent disease after focal therapy.
Secondary irradiation for radiation damage studies and isotope harvesting
Authors: Boix Pamies F. , Gottberg A. 
Published: December 2024

ISAC-TRIUMF operates targets under proton irradiation in the high-power regime of 50 kW (100  μA, 500 MeV) to produce radioactive isotope beams using the isotope separation on-line technique. The targets irradiated at ISAC have a total stopping power significantly lower than 500 MeV resulting in a residual high-power proton beam downstream of the target. The coupling of a supplementary target in a downstream position allows for additional scientific output. Irradiation conditions have been analyzed with the code and relevant achievable research within operational limitations explored. Prominently, the study of material degradation under high radiation fields is of increasing interest due to the steady demand for high-performance materials for new-generation nuclear applications and beam-intercepting components at high-power particle accelerator facilities. Successive irradiations at ISAC yield relevant radiation damage of bulk material samples which can then be characterized using already existing facilities at TRIUMF and partner facilities. Additionally, a variety of isotopes produced by transmutation with research applicability can be harvested from these irradiations. With the purpose of unlocking this complementary research at ISAC-TRIUMF, a secondary target, attached to the primary ISAC target system, has been designed and commissioned.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Research on waterproof performance and failure analysis of asymmetric arrangement of sealing gasket in subway shield tunnel
Authors: Li Tao , Shu Jiajun , Li Yue , Wang Yanlong , Liu Bo 
Published: December 2024

PurposeThis study aims to provide a reference basis for waterproofing for the long-term safe operation of shield tunnels. Shielding subways in the long-term operation of tunnel tube seams leads to opening, dislocation and other issues, which in turn cause the tube sealing gasket to break and ultimately cause water seepage, and the existing symmetrical sealing gasket arrangement cannot meet the waterproofing requirements of the tunnel structure.Design/methodology/approachFirst, we carry out an indoor “one-seam” hydrostatic test to quantitatively determine the waterproofing performance of symmetric and four asymmetric arrangements of gaskets. And the arrangement with the best stability and waterproofing performance is selected. Second, we establish a three-dimensional numerical seepage model for the waterproof failure of gaskets with different arrangements, which mechanistically explains the whole course of the gradual failure of the waterproof performance of gaskets with the wedging of water. Finally, we compare and analyze the experimental results with the numerical results to verify the reliability of the different analysis methods.FindingsThe results of the research show that the gasket will undergo four stages: the initial stage, deformation stage, wedging stage, and breakthrough stage during the continuous wedging process of the water body. Compared with the symmetric arrangement of the gasket, the asymmetric arrangement of the effective contact part of the gasket stress wave peaks and troughs is smaller, the deformation stage of the ability to resist the deformation of the water pressure is stronger, and the role of the water pressure between the two sealing gaskets of the stress path is less likely to be damaged.Research limitations/implicationsThe current test can't fully reproduce real engineering site conditions as it ignores factors like temperature, time and aging during waterproofing tests and lacks tests based on actual application. Only one – seam test is done, lacking research on other seams. The current seepage model has difficulty reflecting some details and needs refinement.Practical implicationsThe study focuses on the tube sheet joint problem in underground tunnels and proposes four asymmetric gasket arrangements, which are tested and analysed using a variety of methods. The results show that the asymmetric arrangement has a slower decline in waterproofing capacity and better stability, providing a new method and basis for solving tunnel waterproofing problems.Originality/valueThe study focuses on the tube sheet joint problem in underground tunnels and proposes four asymmetric gasket arrangements, which are tested and analysed using a variety of methods. The results show that the asymmetric arrangement has a slower decline in waterproofing capacity and better stability, providing a new method and basis for solving tunnel waterproofing problems.
Green supply chain management practices and organizational performance in an emerging market
Authors: Al-Shammari Minwir M. , Al-Maathidi Afnan 
Published: December 2024

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between seven green supply chain management (GSCM) practices and their impact on three types of organizational performance in Bahrain’s food and beverage (F&B) producers: operational, environmental and economic. This significant study sheds light on a relatively unexplored area in an emerging Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) market.

Design/methodology/approach
The methodology was cross-sectional and deductive, using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). Using a convenience sample technique, 69 responses, representing a response rate of 61.6%, were gathered from 149 Bahraini F&B managers.

Findings
There was a positive link between all five of the used organizational performance indicators and the GSCM practices of green purchasing, customer cooperation, investment recovery, green packaging and reverse logistics. Seven out of the 21 hypotheses were found statistically significant. The results suggest that Bahraini enterprises are only beginning to apply GSCM at this level. Consequently, managers must work harder to implement GSCM concepts effectively.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is a pioneering effort, being the first to investigate GSCM practices among F&B manufacturers in Bahrain. It is also one of the first to use the PLS-SEM for data analysis on this topic. The results contribute to the existing body of knowledge and provide a significant learning opportunity for F&B managers. By applying the insights from this study, managers can enhance their products, profitability and competitive edge in Bahrain, promoting eco-friendly practices in the F&B industry.
Sustainability or artificial intelligence? Returns and volatility connectedness in crypto assets
Authors: Almeida José , Gaio Cristina , Gonçalves Tiago Cruz 
Published: December 2024

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the interconnectedness of sustainability-linked and AI-based cryptocurrencies returns and volatility over five years (2018–2024). It aims to uncover the dynamic relationships between these two sectors under various market conditions, providing insights into their behavior and influence within the broader cryptocurrency market.Design/methodology/approachThe research employs a Time-Varying Parameter Vector Autoregression (TVP-VAR) model to analyze key cryptocurrencies associated with AI and sustainability. This approach is complemented by a quantile-based perspective, allowing for an in-depth examination of return and volatility spillovers across different market conditions. Thus, facilitating an understanding of the intricate dynamics between sustainability-linked and AI-based cryptocurrencies.FindingsThe findings reveal distinct market dynamics with the Sustainable sector consistently acting as a net transmitter, while the AI sector predominantly as a net receiver, indicating its reactive nature. In bearish markets, both sectors display high interconnectedness, with the Sustainable sector shaping dynamics. In bullish markets, the Sustainable sector maintains influence, while the AI sector adopts a more proactive role, influencing the market more than in bearish conditions. Post-Chat GPT 3 the Sustainable sector decreases influence, becoming a net receiver in bullish markets. In contrast, the AI sector strengthens as a net transmitter, signaling growing investor confidence and prominence.Originality/valueThis study explores the interconnectedness of sustainability-linked and AI-based cryptocurrencies through a TVP-VAR model and a quantile-based analysis. It provides insights into how these sectors interact and influence each other across different market conditions, especially highlighting the significant shifts in dynamics following the advent of advanced technologies like Chat GPT 3. This contributes to a deeper understanding of the evolving landscape of the cryptocurrency market in the context of sustainability and AI.
Quantile analysis of Bitcoin returns: uncovering market dynamics
Authors: Antar Monia 
Published: December 2024

PurposeThis study delves into Bitcoin’s return dynamics to address its pronounced volatility, particularly in extreme market conditions. We analyze a broad range of explanatory variables, including traditional financial indicators, innovative cryptocurrency-specific metrics and market sentiment gauges. We uniquely introduce the Conference Board Leading Economic Indicator (LEI) to the cryptocurrency research landscape.Design/methodology/approachWe employ quantile regression to examine Bitcoin’s daily and monthly returns. This approach captures timescale dependencies and evaluates the consistency of our findings across different market conditions. By conducting a thorough analysis of the entire return distribution, we aim to reveal how various factors influence Bitcoin’s behavior at different risk levels. The research incorporates a comprehensive set of explanatory variables to provide a holistic view of Bitcoin’s market dynamics. Additionally, by segmenting the study period, we assess the consistency of the results across diverse market regimes.FindingsOur results reveal that factors driving Bitcoin returns vary significantly across market conditions. For instance, during downturns, an increase in transaction volume is linked to lower Bitcoin returns, potentially indicating panic selling. When the market stabilizes, a positive correlation emerges, suggesting healthier ecosystem activity. Active addresses emerge as a key predictor of returns, especially during bearish phases, and sentiment indicators such as Wikipedia views reveal shifting investor optimism, depending on market trends. Monthly return analysis suggests Bitcoin might act as a hedge against traditional markets due to its negative correlation with the S&P 500 during normal conditions.Practical implicationsThe study’s findings have significant implications for investors and policymakers. Understanding how different factors influence Bitcoin returns in varying market conditions can guide investment strategies and regulatory approaches.Originality/valueA novel contribution of this study is the identification of Bitcoin’s sensitivity to broader economic downturns as demonstrated by the negative correlation between LEI and returns. These insights not only deepen our understanding of Bitcoin market behaviour but also offer practical implications for investors, risk managers and policymakers navigating the evolving cryptocurrency landscape.
Family ownership, control and firm preference for debt financing
Authors: Moussa Amr Ahmed 
Published: December 2024

PurposeThis study aimed to investigate the effect of family ownership (FO) and family control (FC) on firm preference for debt financing and to test whether FC affects the association between FO and debt financing.Design/methodology/approachDebt financing was measured by the total debt to total assets ratio, whereas FO was proxied by family-individual, family-institutional, and family-total shares. Additionally, the appointment of family members, founders, and descendants to CEO positions and the dual role of their CEO positions were used to proxy FC. As a panel data technique, the dynamic estimator of the generalized method of moments (GMM) was employed for a sample of 80 Egyptian listed firms during the 2011–2018 period.FindingsThe findings showed that debt financing is positively affected by family-individual shares and family-total shares and negatively affected by family-institutional shares. FC, as proxied by family and founder CEOs, and the dual role of their CEO positions has led to more debt consumption as a mechanism to preserve family dominance over the business. Conversely, the presence and the dual role of descendant CEOs have led to less debt utilization due to their risk aversion behavior. Additionally, we showed that the association between FO and debt financing is affected by various FC patterns.Originality/valueThis study highlighted that firm preference for debt financing is affected by the noneconomic motivations of family CEOs, such as preserving family socioemotional wealth.
Thermal transport analysis for entropy generated flow of hybrid nanomaterial: modified Cattaneo–Christov heat and Darcy–Forchheimer
Authors: Yasir Muhammad , Naveed Khan Muhammad , Abdelmohimen Mostafa A.H. , Ahammad N. Ameer 
Published: December 2024

PurposeThe heat transport phenomenon in which energy transfers due to temperature differences is an important topic of interest for scientists in recent times. It is because of its wide range of applications in numerous domains such as electronics, heat dispersion, thermoregulation, cooling mechanism, the managing temperature in automotive mobile engines, climate engineering, magnetoresistance devices, etc. On account of such considerations, the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) entropy rate for nanomaterial (CoFe2O4/C2H6O2) and hybrid nanomaterial (CoFe2O4+MoS4/C2H6O2) is analyzed. The Darcy–Forchheimer relation is utilized to describe the impact of a porous medium on a stretched sheet. Two nanoparticles molybdenum (MoS4) and cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) are combined to make hybrid nanomaterial (CoFe2O4+MoS4/C2H6O2). Heat flux corresponds to the Cattaneo–Christov model executed through heat transfer analysis. The influence of dissipation and heat absorption/generation on energy expression for nanomaterial (CoFe2O4+MoS4/C2H6O2) and hybrid nanomaterial (CoFe2O4+MoS4/C2H6O2) is described.Design/methodology/approachNonlinear partial differential expressions have been exchanged into dimensionless ordinary differential expressions using relevant transformations. Newton’s built-in shooting method is employed to achieve the required results.FindingsConcepts of fluid flow, energy transport and entropy optimization are discussed. Computational analysis of local skin friction and Nusselt number against sundry parameters for nanomaterial (CoFe2O4/C2H6O2) and hybrid nanomaterial (CoFe2O4+MoS4/C2H6O2) is engrossed. Larger magnetic field parameters decay fluid flow and entropy generation, while an opposite behavior is observed for temperature. Variation in magnetic field variables and volume fractions causes the resistive force to boost up. Intensification in entropy generation can be seen for higher porosity parameters, whereas a reverse trend follows for fluid flow. Heat and local Nusselt numbers rise with an increase in thermal relaxation time parameters.Originality/valueNo such work is yet published in the literature.