bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resultados de Aprendizaje en Administración de Empresas: Análisis comparativo en las Modalidades Presencial y a Distancia en la Fundación Universitaria San Martín
Authors: Villamizar Berdugo Samuel Leonardo 
Published: December 2024

La investigación se llevó a cabo en la Fundación Universitaria San Martín sede Bogotá, Colombia, y comparó los resultados de aprendizaje de los programas de Administración de Empresas en modalidades presencial y a distancia durante el primer semestre de 2023.
Se analizaron 61 espacios académicos, encontrándose que, aunque ambas modalidades comparten similitudes en sus dinámicas académicas, existen oportunidades de mejora en la alineación de los resultados de aprendizaje con el perfil profesional deseado.
En particular, se observó la necesidad de fortalecer habilidades de nivel superior como "Crear", "Evaluar", "Analizar" y "Aplicar".
Además, se identificó que los resultados en la categoría de "Recordar" no se ajustan a las metas para los graduados, sugiriendo la necesidad de redimensionar los perfiles profesionales para incorporar competencias relacionadas con la era digital y la industria 4.0.
Cultura organizacional - comunicacional y gestión de calidad, Universidad de Guayaquil, Ecuador, 2023
Authors: Cortez Corozo Joyce , Mármol Córdova María 
Published: December 2024

El presente artículo se enfoca en el estudio de los valores en la organización, y la información que existe para el ordenamiento regular en la Universidad de Guayaquil.
Se trata del "Buen vivir" argumentando el bienestar de las personas y la sostenibilidad ambiental, rescatando el proceso innovador del Estado.
Del orden Institucional, los cuales proponen las IES, que la prioridad es lograr la calidad educativa con profesionales eficientes que facilitan el desarrollo en las organizaciones, con base a la idea prioritaria, que demuestra el estado activo y correlacional entre la docencia-organización e investigación-organización.
Del modelo educativo, en Latinoamérica ha contribuido al empoderamiento digital complementándose con la Inteligencia Artificial, pero demostrando la conexión ambigua tecnológica, comprometiéndose con la actualización de fuentes de la información; que con el tiempo se convierten en las áreas de estudio.
Aplicando la rapidez de los contenidos que parcialmente demuestran la educación práctica, técnica y eficiente para la sociedad.
Entonces, el control de la comunicación, gestionando con frecuencia la información interna y externa en la organización, colaborando con cumplir los objetivos establecidos permanentemente para poder llegar a los públicos de acuerdo a la planificación de la Institución.
THE EFFECT OF APPLICATION TOWARDS CADETS’ ENGLISH ABILITY: A GREEN PLANET SUISTAINABILITY
Authors: Dewi Irma Shinta , Fatimah Fatimah , Fauziningrum Endah 
Published: December 2024

There are many things should be prepared for the Human Resource (HR), to guarantee the promise future and career. The 5.0 era hopes that technology and human are going to live harmoniously in order to improve the quality of human life on an ongoing basis and facilitate the human interest. Meanwhile, in 4.0 era, the social ecosystem accesses a database in cyberspace from the internet and searches, retrieves and analyzes information or data. The society 5.0 is very dependent on cyberspace (visual room) and physical space. In this era, the English ability is very important to achieve. Moreover, there should be any efforts to improve it. The purpose of this study is to describe the efforts of maritime educational institutions in facing the 5.0 era using applications affecting the cadet’s competence of English at PIP Semarang. This type of research is quantitative method with ‘one group pre-test post-test pre-experimental (non-design)’. To complete the data, it could be done by using observation, documentation and library research. Meanwhile the analysis of research data used validity and reliability. The results of the study showed that an application has affected to improve the cadet’ English ability. The conclusion is the application is one of the efforts of maritime education to face 5.0 era in education technology as consequently green planet sustainability.
Adiposity and body fat distribution based on skinfold thicknesses and body circumferences in Czech preschool children, secular changes
Authors: Vážná Anna , Novák Jan M. , Daniš Robert , Sedlak Petr 
Published: December 2024

Background
The long-standing widespread prevalence of obesity includes issues of its evaluation. Nutritional status may be assessed using various tools and methods; among others simple anthropometric measurements are well established. Widely used body mass index (BMI), presents an obstacle of needing to calculate a standard deviation score (SD) for correct use in the child population. As BMI overlooks body composition, it is necessary to evaluate fat and muscle mass with different methods. Established skinfolds and circumferences are used in many variations and equations to accomplish that goal; however, the parameters used in these methods also undergo secular changes. Furthermore, secular changes have been documented in fat mass distribution. The aim of the study is to assess secular changes of skinfolds thickness and body circumferences and evaluate their validity for use in clinical practice and population research.

Methods and sample
Our database consisted of a recent (2016–2022) sample with 594 participants (298 males) and a reference sample (from 1990) with 2,910 participants (1,207 males). Both cohorts comprised Czech preschool children, aged 4.00 to 6.99 years. With standard methodology, anthropometric parameters were obtained for 13 skinfolds and eight circumferences, by trained staff. The equations of Slaughter, Durnin and Deurenberg were correspondingly calculated. Statistical evaluation was conducted in the R programming language, using Welch’s test, Cohen’s d and the Bland–Altman method.

Results
Our study found significant increases in skinfold thickness on the abdomen, chest I. and forearm, with high clinical relevance (p ≥ 0.01; d = range from 0.20 to 0.70). Contrastingly, apart from the abdominal area, a decrease of circumferences was observed. The body fat percentage estimation equations were tested for bias in the recent sample in the context of bioimpedance analysis with the Bland–Altman method. All equations are suitable for application in clinical use.

Discussion
Documented secular changes in fat mass distribution are only part of a contemporary accelerating trend of obesity prevalence. Our findings support the trend of a decline of circumferences and rise of skinfold thickness in corresponding areas, especially on the limbs, that is evidenced by the trend of latent obesity. The results of the study show the need to complement established diagnostic procedures in childhood obesitology with abdominal and midthigh circumferences and optionally even the maximal circumference of the forearm. These circumferences should always be measured alongside the skinfold thickness of the region. Only in this way can the overall adiposity of an individual with regard to secular changes, including the detection of latent obesity, be objectively evaluated.
Post-harvest Application and Physicochemical Properties of Jamun (Syzygium cuminii L.)
Authors: M Sankar , G. K Rajesh , M. V Prince , K. P Sudheer , R Sreeja 
Published: December 2024

Jamun (Syzygium cuminii L.) is a subtropical fruit that comes under myrtaceae family originated from the Indian subcontinent. India is the second largest producer of jamun with an annual production of 2.1 million ton which contributes 15.4% of world production. Jamun is a highly perishable seasonal fruit (May–June). Hence, processing and preservation are essential to ensure the availability of its products throughout the year. Engineering and physicochemical properties of the fruit play a crucial role in the design and development of processing equipment, handling of food products and processing. The engineering properties of jamun fruit, including physical, mechanical, and frictional characteristics, were investigated in this study. Additionally, the physicochemical properties of jamun juice, such as pH, total soluble solids (TSS), acidity, total phenolic content, total anthocyanin content, antioxidant activity and vitamin C, were measured as per standard procedures. Jamun contains 80 percent pulp and nearly 20 percent seed. The physical properties of jamun fruit, including length, width, thickness, sphericity, bulk density, and porosity, were determined to be 22.22 mm, 21.93 mm, 20.99 mm, 0.947, 0.67g/, and 32.48%, respectively. The firmness of the fruit was measured as 1.09 N and co efficient of friction of the fruit for different materials such as stainless steel, plywood, cardboard and glass were determined to be 1.25, 1.28, 1.56, 1.98, respectively. The physiochemical properties like moisture, pH, TSS, acidity, specific gravity, total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, total anthocyanin content and vitamin c were found to be 85.33 % (wb), 3.12, 13.14%, 0.81, 0.9, 256.76 mg/100ml, 86%, 1281 mg/100ml and 16 mg/100ml, respectively. These properties highlight its significant potential as a functional food and raw material for various food processing applications.
Color
Authors: Habekost Martin 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe development of terminology of color perception based on common experience has led to a science of color description and measurement. The precise measurement of color is of significance in many branches of science and technology. It serves as a record for archival description, for standardization purposes, and for matching and controlling the many colorful products of commerce. This field continues to change and evolve.The article focuses on the development of the science of color and its measurement.
Microencapsulation
Authors: Mishra Munmaya K. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMicroencapsulation can be described in many ways. It is a technique by which active ingredients (designated as core) are packaged within a second surrounding material (designated as shell). For example microencapsulation is defined as a technology of casing solids, liquids, or gaseous materials (involves the incorporation of active agents such as: drugs, flavors, enzymes, cells, or other ingredients) in minute sealed capsules that can release their contents at controlled rates under specific conditions. Similarly, microencapsulation may be described as the coating of small solid particles, liquid droplets, or gas bubbles with a thin film of coating or shell material. Many terms have been used to describe the contents of a microcapsule: active agent, actives, core material, fill, payload, encapsulant, active ingredient, internal phase or internal ingredient, nucleus, and payload, etc.
Welding
Authors: Marcus Miranda , Harwig Dennis , Gould Jerry , Lindamood Lindsey 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Welding is a fabrication technology of broad scope whereby fusion of materials is achieved through application of heat and/or pressure. Fabricated metals and nonmetals products include bridges, buildings, ships, automobiles, offshore platforms, pipelines, pressure vessels, consumer appliances, and miniature welds used in microcircuits.
This article provides an overview of metal and plastic welding. Three specific metal welding processes are discussed: arc welding, resistance welding, and ultrasonic welding. The section on plastic welding covers the most commonly used processes.
Ziegler‐Natta Catalysts
Authors: Fisch Adriano G. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

The development of polymers has made daily activities more pleasant. Polyolefins, mainly polyethylene and polypropylene, are used in large scale by society thanks to its wide properties and affordable costs. This remarkable achievement initiated by the research work conducted by professors Ziegler and Natta, by which both were awarded with the Nobel Prize due to the discovery of a catalytic route for producing polyethylene and polypropylene of outstanding properties. Owing to the social importance of this discovery, the catalyst is known as Ziegler‐Natta by society. The modern versions of the Ziegler‐Natta catalyst are typically composed by a transition metal (Ti or V), aluminum alkyl (AlEt
3
), and Lewis base (diesters; electron donor) all immobilized on a support (MgCl
2
).
Structure and steroid isomerase activity of Drosophila glutathione transferase E14 essential for ecdysteroid biosynthesis
Authors: Škerlová Jana , Lindström Helena , Gonis Elodie , Sjödin Birgitta , Neiers Fabrice , Stenmark Pål , Mannervik Bengt 
Published: December 2019

Ecdysteroids are critically important for the formation of the insect exoskeleton. Cholesterol is a precursor of ecdysone and its active form 20‐hydroxyecdysone, but some steps in the ecdysteroid biosynthesis pathway remain unknown. An essential requirement of glutathione (GSH) transferase GSTE14 in ecdysteroid biosynthesis has been established in Drosophila melanogaster, but its function is entirely unknown. Here, we have determined the crystal structure of GSTE14 in complex with GSH and investigated the kinetic properties of GSTE14 with alternative substrates. GSTE14 has high‐ranking steroid double‐bond isomerase activity, albeit 50‐fold lower than the most efficient mammalian GSTs. Corresponding steroid isomerizations are unknown in insects, and their exact physiological role remains to be shown. Nonetheless, the essential enzyme GSTE14 is here demonstrated to be catalytically competent and have a steroid‐binding site.
Supercritical Fluid Extraction in Plant Analysis
Authors: Pourmortazavi Seied Mahdi , Rahimi‐Nasrabadi Mehdi , Hajimirsadeghi Seiedeh Somayyeh 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

This article presents comprehensive information on applications and developments of supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) technique in plant oils and herbal volatile components analysis. Supercritical carbon dioxide (SC‐CO
2
) is widely used for extraction and isolation of volatile and essential oils of plants. SFE possesses valuable advantages in the extraction of various analytes, especially nonpolar compounds, from plant matrices. Meanwhile, some modifications such as the usage of modifiers make this technique applicable for the extraction of polar targets as well. SFE in herbal field is used for the extraction of a wide range of analytes including food, agricultural agents, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and pesticides. This article aims to review, from plant oil analysis standpoint, the recent advances in the use of SC‐CO
2
for the extraction and separation of herbal analytes. The use of experimental designs, including screening and optimizing, in the SFE process for the extraction of plant oils is described. In addition, it presents a critical appraisal about the advantages and disadvantages of SFE technique in comparison with traditional extraction methods, that is Soxhlet, hydrodistillation (HD), and head space extraction. The abilities, advantages, shortcomings, and prospects of SFE for isolation and extraction of volatile components and essential oil of plant materials are also discussed.
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance as Analytical Tool for Crude Plant Extracts
Authors: Bilia Anna R. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Authentication, quality control, and stability testing of crude plant extracts are generally achieved and well established through HPLC, HPTLC, and capillary GC, using specific detectors such as UV–vis, RI, and coupled systems (MS), which allow the qualitative and quantitative determination of the composition of the markers or active substances. The major disadvantages of these conventional methods lie in the time consuming for the development of simple and rapid chromatographic separation and for the preparation of samples before measurements. In addition, these techniques are not able to reveal unknown plant metabolites that can contribute to the biological activity.
NMR spectroscopy is nondestructive, selective, and capable of simultaneous detection of a great number of constituents. The identification by NMR provides on both major and minor components, with no restrictions relating to volatility, polarity, or the presence of specific chromophores. Finally, the method can be applied without knowledge of the composition of the sample. NMR spectra contain information about the identity of the molecules in the extracts and are useful to quantify the constituents. NMR spectroscopy coupled with chemometric tools has been successfully applied to the characterization of various herbs and plant extracts for quality control, authentication, determining geographical origin, and detecting adulteration of herbal drugs and extracts.
Kinds of (Non)Specificity
Authors: Farkas Donka F. , Brasoveanu Adrian 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe chapter casts a look at the role specificity has played in DP semantics since the early 1970s. It puts forward the proposal that the common thread across specificity distinctions is the contrast between stability vs variability in value assignments for the variable introduced by the DP across various types of alternatives. Special determiners are used to mark either variation (nonspecificity) or stability (specificity).
Advances in Plant Metabolomics
Authors: Pérez‐Alonso Marta‐Marina , Carrasco‐Loba Víctor , Pollmann Stephan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Over recent years, metabolomics found its way into daily laboratory routine as an additional ‘omics’ platform technology, playing an increasingly important role in modern plant sciences. It is often complementing other approaches such as transcriptomics or proteomics in systems biology experiments. Representing the end products of biochemical processes, metabolites can be regarded as the ultimate readout of cellular regulatory processes, giving account on adaptations or changes of biological systems challenged by environmental or developmental stimuli. In analogy to the terms transcriptome and proteome, the entire set of metabolites produced by a biological system is referred to as its metabolome. Due to their extensive secondary metabolism, plants possess a metabolome extremely rich in small molecule metabolites. This makes metabolomics in plant sciences a particularly challenging task. In general terms, metabolomics refers to the systematic and comprehensive investigation of the greatest possible part of low molecular weight molecules in a biological sample. In first place, this is achieved by the unbiased assessment of mass spectrometric (MS) data. Metabolomics is a highly relevant method to improve our knowledge on alterations of biological processes in response to external and internal cues. Substantial advances in instrument technology promoted the advent of metabolomics approaches over the last 15 years. Future studies and further improvements in the field can be expected to provide an even deeper insight into the regulatory and biochemical intricacies in plants that will likely pave the way to novel breeding strategies and a more sustainable agriculture. This article strives to provide an overview of the state‐of‐the‐art in the research field, summarising the main MS‐based approaches that are commonly used to perform targeted and untargeted metabolomics experiments. Moreover, possible pitfalls and future trends will be discussed.
Impact of Thumb Carpometacarpal Joint Osteoarthritis: A Pragmatic Qualitative Study
Authors: Bühler Miranda , Chapple Cathy M. , Stebbings Simon , Pōtiki‐Bryant Katrina , David Baxter G. 
Published: December 2019

ObjectiveFirst carpometacarpal (CMC1) joint osteoarthritis (OA) is typically understood as part of the disease entity of hand OA. However, CMC1 joint OA often occurs in isolation or is a primary source of symptoms. The aim of the current study was to explore the experiences of New Zealanders with CMC1 joint OA to better understand the unique impact of this condition, ascertain outcomes of importance, and identify treatment targets.MethodsIn this pragmatic qualitative study, patients who either reported a history suggestive of CMC1 joint OA or had been diagnosed by a physician were recruited from health and community settings in 2 centers on the South Island of New Zealand. Thirty participants (11 men and 19 women, mean ± SD age 65.4 ± 11.36 years) took part in individual face‐to‐face interviews and kept diaries. The interviews were audio recorded, and along with the diaries, transcribed. Data were analyzed by thematic analysis using a primarily inductive approach. The Health Impact Model was employed to help with interpretation of the results.ResultsFive interrelated levels of health impact were identified: symptom status, functional limitations, restrictions in social activities and roles, negative thoughts and feelings, and an altered sense of self. Constant pain and pain at night were key symptoms that were associated with impact at the other levels.ConclusionConstant pain, pain at night, functional capacity, medication burden, emotional impact, and sense of self are important outcomes and treatment targets in people with CMC1 joint OA.
Using Deep Machine Learning to Understand the Physical Performance Bottlenecks in Novel Thin‐Film Solar Cells
Authors: Majeed Nahdia , Saladina Maria , Krompiec Michal , Greedy Steve , Deibel Carsten , MacKenzie Roderick C. I. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThere is currently a worldwide effort to develop materials for solar energy harvesting which are efficient and cost effective, and do not emit significant levels of CO2 during manufacture. When a researcher fabricates a novel device from a novel material system, it often takes many weeks of experimental effort and data analysis to understand why any given device/material combination produces an efficient or poorly optimized cell. It therefore takes the community tens of years to transform a promising material system to a fully optimized cell ready for production (perovskites are a contemporary example). Herein, developed is a new and rapid approach to understanding device/material performance, which uses a combination of machine learning, device modeling, and experiment. Providing a set of electrical device parameters (charge carrier mobilities, recombination rates, trap densities, etc.) in a matter of seconds thus offers a fast way to directly link fabrication conditions to device/material performance, pointing a way to further and more rapid optimization of light harvesting devices. The method is demonstrated by using it to understand annealing temperature and surfactant choice and in terms of charge carrier dynamics in organic solar cells made from the P3HT:PCBM, PBTZT‐stat‐BDTT‐8:PCBM, and PTB7:PCBM material systems.
Traditional Dough in the Era of Internet of Things: Edible, Renewable, and Reconfigurable Skin‐Like Iontronics
Authors: Lei Zhouyue , Huang Jiahui , Wu Peiyi 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWith the rapid development of Internet of Things technology, interactive interfaces that can promote bidirectional communications between human beings and machines will certainly play an important role. Current electronic or iontronic systems meet diverse requirements such as conductivity, mechanical compliance, stimuli responsiveness, long‐time duration, and even biocompatibility. However, for future large‐scale applications, non‐degradable and non‐recyclable components in these devices cause resource waste and environmental pollution. Here, traditional dough is used to replace non‐recyclable conductive components and fabricate a type of renewable and reconfigurable smart skin. These smart skins are self‐healing, mechanically adaptable to irregular interfaces, and can sense different gestures of a prosthetic hand as well as large and subtle scale of human motion. This work greatly extends the material choice and enables new functionality for skin‐like iontronics, and may address the concern about their impact on human health and environmental issues in the era of Internet of Things.