bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of ultraviolet and gamma ray irradiation on luminescent bacteria and exploring their efficacy as biosensors
Authors: Wanjari Rashmi A , Shanware Arti S , Dhoble Sanjay J. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractToxicity monitoring of harmful radiation is an indispensable issue in modern radioecology. As bioluminescent bacteria have the simplest structure to epitomize the biosphere, their bioluminescence can also act as an indicator of the conditions, therefore assay systems based on luminous bacteria can be used to monitor environmental radiotoxicity. The present investigation explored the measurement of bacterial luminescence, which can be easily computed. Bioluminescent bacterial strains were used to evaluate the effect of ultraviolet (UV) and gamma irradiation. A random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) assay was carried out to observe alterations under exposure. Using a phylogenetic tree, a comparative study of the effect of UV and gamma rays was carried out. The isolated strains showed marked sensitivity towards radiation exposure present in the environment and therefore they could be used as potential biosensing elements for developing an on‐site pollution monitoring biosensor.
A UPLC–MS/MS method for determination of endogenous l‐carnitine and acetyl‐l‐carnitine in serum of patients with depression
Authors: Nie Li‐Juan , Liang Jun , Shan Feng , Xu Ya‐Yun , Yan Chun‐Yu , Zhou Xuan , Cheng Zhuo‐Yu , Xia Qing‐Rong 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA simple, rapid, and selective ultra‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method for determination of l‐carnitine (LC) and acetyl‐l‐carnitine (ALC) in human serum was developed. Acetyl‐l‐carnitine‐d3 (ALC‐d3) was selected as internal standard (IS). After protein precipitation with acetonitrile–water (1 mL, 2:1, v/v), the analytes and IS were separated on a 2.5‐μm XSelect HSS T3 C18 column by gradient elution with methanol–water (containing 0.01% ammonia water) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.2 mL/min. Analytes were detected with multiple reaction monitoring using a positive scan mode with electrospray ionization. Good linearity (R2 > 0.999) was observed in the concentration range for LC and ALC. The inter‐ and intra‐day values of relative error were −10.4% to 10.0% with CVs less than 9.84%. The average recoveries of the two analytes were 91.29%–98.23%. Blood samples containing LC and ALC were stable under various storage conditions. Normal, haemolytic, and hyperlipidaemic serum had no significant effect on the quantification of LC and ALC. This method was successfully applied to study the concentrations of endogenous LC and ALC in the serum of patients with first‐episode depression.
Simultaneous determination of six antibiotics in human serum by high‐performance liquid chromatography with UV detection
Authors: Roth Thomas , Weber Lea , Niestroj Marion , Cipa Franziska , Löscher Astrid , Mihai Sidonia , Parsch Hans 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAntibiotics are widely used in intensive care patients to treat severe infections. To avoid bacterial resistance or toxic side effects, the determination of serum concentration of ABs is advisable. Therefore, in this study, we developed and validated a simple and fast high‐performance liquid chromatography method with UV detection for the simultaneous determination of four β‐lactam ABs (meropenem, imipenem, ceftazidime, and piperacillin) and two coadministered substances (cilastatin and tazobactam) in human serum. Sample preparation required a simple protein precipitation by methanol. The separation of the ABs occurred within a timeframe of 17 min. For this purpose, we used a Kinetex F5 column with a linear gradient of acetonitrile and phosphate buffer (pH 6.9). The UV detector recorded two separate chromatograms at 220 and 295 nm simultaneously. Validation has demonstrated that the method is linear, accurate, and precise within the clinically relevant range for each substance.
Eating behaviors, depression, and anxiety levels of pre bariatric surgery patients with obesity comorbid with or without Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder
Authors: Şahan Ebru , Zengin Eroğlu Meliha , Sertçelik Sencan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectiveA high rate of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been reported in patients undergoing obesity treatment. It is controversial whether ADHD solely or its comorbid disorders account for eating behaviors associated with obesity.MethodsAfter presurgery psychiatric assessment, 100 severely obese patients (50 with ADHD and 50 without ADHD) were administered Adult Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Self‐Report Scale(ASRS), Wender Utah Rating Scale(WURS), Three‐Factor Eating Questionnaire(TFEQ), and Beck Depression Inventory(BDI) and Beck Anxiety Inventory(BAI).ResultsPatients with obesity and ADHD had significantly greater emotional eating, susceptibility to hunger, depression, and anxiety but less restraint of eating scores than those without ADHD. Disinhibition of eating scores and presence of Binge Eating Disorder(BED) did not differ significantly between ADHD and non‐ADHD groups. Obese patients with major depression had significantly higher ASRS, WURS, TFEQ, BAI scores, disinhibition of eating control, emotional eating, susceptibility to hunger, and diagnosis of BED than nondepressed ones.ConclusionsMajor depression and anxiety disorder have associations with disinhibition of eating control, emotional eating, susceptibility to hunger and BED, ADHD. Disinhibition of eating and BED did not differ according to the presence of ADHD; thus, depression was associated with eating control on more constructs than ADHD in our study.
Immunoliposomes bearing lymphocyte activation gene 3 fusion protein and P5 peptide: A novel vaccine for breast cancer
Authors: Mohammadian Haftcheshmeh Saeed , Zamani Parvin , Mashreghi Mohammad , Nikpoor Amin Reza , Tavakkol‐Afshari Jalil , Jaafari Mahmoud Reza 
Published: October 2020

AbstractLAG3‐Ig as an immune adjuvant has elicited potent anti‐tumor immune responses in several preclinical and clinical studies, but the full potential immunostimulatory of LAG3‐Ig has yet to be achieved. We hypothesized that by anchoring LAG3‐Ig to the surface of liposomes, the adjuvant activity of LAG3‐Ig could be improved. We also investigated the immunotherapy by co‐delivery of liposome‐coupled LAG3‐Ig and P5 tumor antigen in mice model of TUBO breast cancer. We prepared and characterized novel PEGylated liposomes bearing surface conjugated LAG3‐Ig and P5. Consistent with our hypothesis, liposomes‐conjugated LAG3‐Ig via multivalent binding to MHC class II molecules exerted immunostimulatory of LAG3‐Ig and markedly induced maturation of dendritic cells more efficiently than free LAG3‐Ig. LAG3‐Ig‐P5‐immunoliposomes effectively elicited protective anti‐tumor responses more than locally injected soluble LAG3‐Ig + P5. The higher percentage of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in the spleen and more rapid and pronounced infiltration of these effector cells into the site of the tumor were seen following immunoliposome therapy. Finally, anti‐tumor immunity induced by LAG3‐Ig‐P5‐immunoliposomes translated into the more tumor regression and prolonged survival of treated mice, compared to soluble immunotherapy. Taken together, our findings suggest that LAG3‐Ig‐P5‐immunoliposomes can be considered as a valuable candidate for developing a liposome‐based therapeutic cancer vaccine in treating HER2/ neu+ breast cancer patients.
LncRNA‐mediated posttranslational modifications and reprogramming of energy metabolism in cancer
Authors: Tan Yue‐Tao , Lin Jin‐Fei , Li Ting , Li Jia‐Jun , Xu Rui‐Hua , Ju Huai‐Qiang 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAltered metabolism is a hallmark of cancer, and the reprogramming of energy metabolism has historically been considered a general phenomenon of tumors. It is well recognized that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate energy metabolism in cancer. However, lncRNA‐mediated posttranslational modifications and metabolic reprogramming are unclear at present. In this review, we summarized the current understanding of the interactions between the alterations in cancer‐associated energy metabolism and the lncRNA‐mediated posttranslational modifications of metabolic enzymes, transcription factors, and other proteins involved in metabolic pathways. In addition, we discuss the mechanisms through which these interactions contribute to tumor initiation and progression, and the key roles and clinical significance of functional lncRNAs. We believe that an in‐depth understanding of lncRNA‐mediated cancer metabolic reprogramming can help to identify cellular vulnerabilities that can be exploited for cancer diagnosis and therapy.
Response to PD‐1 blockade in a patient with mucosal melanoma of the middle ear: Case report
Authors: Komatsuda Hiroki , Kumai Takumi , Ueda Seigo , Hirata‐Nozaki Yui , Hayashi Tatsuya , Harabuchi Yasuaki 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPD‐1 blockade is a feasible approach in treating mucosal malignant melanomas of the middle ear.
Effective and fast characterization of a complex atrial flutter in patient with previous atrial surgery and ablation procedure: The importance of new ultra–high‐density mapping tools
Authors: Mascia Giuseppe , Sartori Paolo , Porto Italo 
Published: October 2020

AbstractNew tools of mapping systems may allow to detect residual conduction around the atriotomy and could eliminate the subjectivity of the human eye, analyzing thousands of electrograms in a matter of seconds and providing a clear and fast identification.
Vertebral osteomyelitis concurrent with emphysematous pyelonephritis and psoas abscess
Authors: Tanaka Kojiro , Yonezawa Naoki , Takei Tetsuhiro 
Published: October 2020

AbstractVertebral osteomyelitis associated with concurrent emphysematous pyelonephritis and psoas abscess is rare. Coexistence of these entities is a potentially life‐threatening condition, necessitating aggressive intervention.
Re‐expansion pulmonary edema after thoracentesis for iatrogenic pneumothorax and severe subcutaneous emphysema
Authors: Kuribara Yuki , Otaka Yukihiro , Namiki Azusa , Kawai‐Kowase Keiko , Tamura Jun’ichi , Ishiyama Nobuyoshi 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSubclavian central venous catheterization can cause severe complications, including tension pneumothorax, subcutaneous emphysema, and pneumomediastinum. Re‐expansion pulmonary edema after thoracentesis is a life‐threatening complication.
Effect of Fe2+ and Fe0 Applied Photo‐Fenton Processes on Sludge Disintegration
Authors: Yildiz Sayiter , Olabi Asaad 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe disintegration of waste active sludge was investigated by photo‐Fenton processes. A batch study was conducted to evaluate parameters, such as Fe2+ and Fe0 ions and H2O2, governing the activated sludge integration by the photo‐Fenton process. Under optimum conditions, the concentration of soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) with the classical Fenton process (CFP) increased very rapidly in the first five minutes due to the sufficient presence of reaction components in the medium, and then the rate of increase declined. In the modified Fenton process (FTP), the SCOD concentration increased more slowly as metallic iron powder must first be dissolved. The photo‐Fenton process proved to be a feasible and efficient process for the disintegration of waste sludge.
Effects of CO Atmosphere on the Pyrolysis of a Typical Lignite
Authors: Wang Qinhui , Li Kaikun , Guo Zhihang , Fang Mengxiang , Luo Zhongyang 
Published: October 2020

AbstractTo reveal the effect mechanism of CO atmosphere on coal pyrolysis, a study on raw and demineralized lignite was carried out in a horizontal tube furnace under N2 and CO/N2 atmosphere. CO had a negligible effect on the char yield at low temperatures, whereas it enhances the char yield at temperatures higher than 550 °C. The release of tar was higher in the presence of CO above 450 °C because of more free radicals, which reduced low‐temperature crosslinking, and higher selectivity of hydroxyl groups to phenols in the CO‐containing atmosphere. The yields of CO2 and H2 increased, water and CO yields decreased under CO/N2 atmosphere. Light hydrocarbon gases were not affected by changing the reaction atmosphere. The difference between product yields from raw and demineralized coal confirmed that the catalysis of inherent minerals had a great catalytic effect on the water‐gas shift reaction and Boudouard reaction.
Pnictogen‐Bonding Catalysis: An Interactive Tool to Uncover Unorthodox Mechanisms in Polyether Cascade Cyclizations
Authors: Paraja Miguel , Gini Andrea , Sakai Naomi , Matile Stefan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPnictogen‐bonding catalysis and supramolecular σ‐hole catalysis in general is currently being introduced as the non‐covalent counterpart of covalent Lewis acid catalysis. With access to anti‐Baldwin cyclizations identified as unique characteristic, pnictogen‐bonding catalysis appeared promising to elucidate one of the hidden enigmas of brevetoxin‐type epoxide opening polyether cascade cyclizations, that is the cyclization of certain trans epoxides into cis‐fused rings. In principle, a shift from SN2‐ to SN1‐type mechanisms could suffice to rationalize this inversion of configuration. However, the same inversion could be explained by a completely different mechanism: Ring opening with C−C bond cleavage into a branched hydroxy‐5‐enal and the corresponding cyclic hemiacetal, followed by cascade cyclization under conformational control, including stereoselective C−C bond formation. In this report, a pnictogen‐bonding supramolecular SbV catalyst is used to demonstrate that this unorthodox polyether cascade cyclization mechanism occurs.
New Bio‐Based Furanic Materials Effectively Absorb Metals from Water and Exert Antimicrobial Activity
Authors: Klushin Victor A. , Kashparova Vera P. , Chizhikova Anastasia A. , Andreeva Veronica E. , Chernysheva Daria V. , Ulyankina Anna A. , Kutsevalova Olga Yu. , Smirnova Nina V. , Kravchenko Oleg A. , Ananikov Valentin P. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractDevelopment of sustainable bio‐based materials for removal of toxic contaminants from water is a high priority goal. Novel bio‐based binary and ternary copolymers with enhanced ion‐exchange, adsorption and antibacterial properties were obtained by using plant biomass‐derived diallyl esters of furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) as crosslinking agents and easily available vinyl monomers. The synthesized copolymer materials showed higher sorption capacities for NiII, CoII and CuII compared to the commercial ion‐exchange resins, and they maintained their high metal adsorption capacities for over 10 cycles of regeneration. The synthesized copolymer gels containing 1–5 wt % of the crosslinker showed excellent water absorption capacities. The synthesized copolymers with 1 % crosslinker content showed swelling ratios high enough to also act as moisture absorbents. Synthesized copolymers with crosslinker content of 10 wt % performed as contact‐active antibacterials by inhibiting the growth of Gram‐positive (S. aureus) and Gram‐negative bacteria (E. coli, K. pneumonia) in suspension tests.
Dynamic Process Operation Under Demand Response – A Review of Methods and Tools
Authors: Esche Erik , Repke Jens‐Uwe 
Published: October 2020

AbstractParticipating in electricity markets through demand response causes new requirements for optimizing process control of chemical plants. The last ten years have brought great advances in the formulation and solution of economic nonlinear model predictive control and state estimation to support operation of processes under dynamic constraints. However, gaps remain regarding the availabilities of suitable plant models capable of describing processes active in demand response as well as of robust schemes for state estimation and economic nonlinear model predictive control in commercial tools.
Covalent Triazine Frameworks Obtained from Nitrile Monomers for Sustainable CO2 Catalysis
Authors: Luo Rongchang , Xu Wei , Chen Min , Liu Xiangying , Fang Yanxiong , Ji Hongbing 
Published: October 2020

AbstractCarbon dioxide catalytic conversion (i. e., CO2 catalysis) is considered as one of the most promising technologies to control CO2 emissions, which is of great significance to build a sustainable society with green low‐carbon cycle. In view of its thermodynamic stability and kinetic inertness, CO2 selective activation is still desired. Nowadays, the traditional strategy is to selectively capture and efficiently convert atmospheric CO2 into high value‐added chemicals and fuels. Covalent triazine frameworks (CTFs) as a newly emerging and attractive kind of porous organic polymer (POP) have drawn worldwide attention among heterogeneous catalysis because of their nitrogen‐rich porous structures and exceptional physicochemical stabilities. In this Minireview, the focus was mainly placed on the structural design and synthesis of CTFs and their applications in CO2 catalysis including CO2 cycloaddition, CO2 carboxylation, CO2 hydrogenation, CO2 photoreduction, and CO2 electroreduction. By discussing the structure–property relationship, valuable guidance from a sustainable perspective may be provided for developing precisely designed CTFs with high performance and excellent industrial application prospects in sustainable CO2 catalysis.
Detection of clostebol in sports: Accidental doping?
Authors: de la Torre Xavier , Colamonici Cristiana , Iannone Michele , Jardines Daniel , Molaioni Francesco , Botrè Francesco 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe detection of clostebol misuse in sports has been growing recently, especially in Italy, due to the ample availability of pharmaceutical formulations containing clostebol acetate (Trofodermin®) and the use of more sensitive instrumentation by the antidoping laboratories. Most of these cases have been claimed to be related to a nonconscious use of the drug or through contact with relatives or teammates using it. We have investigated, through the application of the well‐known and currently used gas chromatographic mass spectrometric procedures, the likelihood of these allegations and have demonstrated that after a single transdermal administration of 5 mg of clostebol acetate and a transient contact with the application area, it is possible to generate adverse analytical findings in antidoping controls. We have reviewed the Phase I and Phase II clostebol metabolism in order to generate evidences that may help the sport authorities reviewing these cases. The main clostebol metabolite (4‐chloro‐androst‐4‐en‐3α‐ol‐17‐one, M1) generally used at the screening level as well as other three metabolites (M2–M4) are mainly excreted as glucuronides, whereas M5 (4ζ‐chloro‐5ζ‐androstan‐3β‐ol‐17‐one) is predominantly excreted as sulfate. Neither the 5α‐reductases activity (impaired by the presence of the chlorine in C4) nor specific sulfotransferases present in the skin allowed a clear distinction of the administration route. Studies with a larger number of volunteers and probably investigating another physiological fluid allowed in antidoping such as blood are needed for a deeper investigation. It is not unreasonable to establish a reporting level for M1, maybe creating some false negatives but excluding nonintentional doping scenarios.
Horseradish‐peroxidase‐conjugated anti‐erythropoietin antibodies for direct recombinant human erythropoietin detection: Proof of concept
Authors: Voss Sven C. , Orie Nelson N. , El‐Saftawy Wesal , Saghbazarian Stephanie , Al‐Kaabi Alanoud , Georgakopoulos Costas , Athanasiadou Ioanna , Mohamed‐Ali Vidya , Al‐Maadheed Mohammed 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAntidoping testing for recombinant human erythropoietin (EPO) is routinely performed by gel electrophoresis followed by western blot analysis with primary and secondary antibodies. The two antibody steps add more than 24 h to the testing time of a purified sample. The aim of this study was to test the concept of using directly horseradish‐peroxidase (HRP)‐conjugated anti‐EPO primary antibody, without the need for a secondary antibody, to reduce the analysis time and eliminate non‐specific cross‐reactivity with secondary antibodies. An in‐house, periodate coupling (R&D systems, clone AE7A5) and three commercially available anti‐human EPO‐HRP conjugates from Genetex, Novus Biologicals and Santa Cruz were evaluated for specificity and sensitivity, using recombinant human EPO standards, negative human urine samples and urine samples from an EPO excretion study. The in‐house anti‐EPO‐HRP conjugate was performed as well as the current two‐step application of unconjugated primary and secondary antibodies used in routine analysis, with comparable specificity and sensitivity. The analysis time was markedly reduced for purified samples from 25 h with the routine method down to 7 h with the in‐house HRP conjugate. Of the three commercially available conjugates tested, only the Santa Cruz anti‐EPO‐HRP conjugate showed comparable specificity but had lower sensitivity to both the in‐house and the antibody combination currently applied routinely. The other two commercially available conjugates (Genetex and Novus Biologicals) did not show any visible bands with the EPO standards. The results clearly demonstrate the potential utility of a directly HRP‐conjugated anti‐EPO antibody to reduce analysis time for EPO in doping control.
Using satellite‐derived estimates of plant phenological rhythms to predict sage‐grouse nesting chronology
Authors: Stoner David C. , Messmer Terry A. , Larsen Randy T. , Frey Shandra Nicki , Kohl Michel T. , Thacker Eric T. , Dahlgren David K. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe “green wave” hypothesis posits that during spring consumers track spatial gradients in emergent vegetation and associated foraging opportunities. This idea has largely been invoked to explain animal migration patterns, yet the general phenomenon underlies trends in vertebrate reproductive chronology as well. We evaluated the utility of this hypothesis for predicting spatial variation in nest initiation of greater sage‐grouse (Centrocerus urophasianus), a species of conservation concern in western North America. We used the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) to map the green wave across elevation and then compiled dates and locations of >450 sage‐grouse nests from 20 study sites (2000–2014) to model nest initiation as a function of the start of the growing season (SOS), defined here as the maximum daily rate of increase in NDVI. Individual sites were drawn from three ecoregions, distributed over 4.5° latitude, and spanning 2,300 m in elevation, which captured the climatic, edaphic, and floristic diversity of sagebrush ecosystems in the southern half of current sage‐grouse range. As predicted, SOS displayed a significant, positive relationship with elevation, occurring 1.3 days later for each 100 m increase in elevation. In turn, sage‐grouse nest initiation followed SOS by 22 ± 10 days (r2 = .57), with hatch dates falling on or just prior to the peak of the growing season. By timing nesting to the green wave, sage‐grouse chicks hatched when the abundance of protein‐rich invertebrate biomass is hypothesized to be nearing a seasonal high. This adaptation likely represents a strategy for maximizing reproductive success in the arid, variable environments that define sagebrush ecosystems. Given projected changes in climate and land use, these results can be used to predict periods of relative sensitivity to habitat disturbance for sage‐grouse. Moreover, the near real‐time availability of satellite imagery offers a heretofore underutilized means of mapping the green wave, planning habitat restoration, and monitoring range conditions.