bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maternal Adaptation of Working Mothers with Infants or Toddlers in South Korea: A Systematic Review
Authors: Ahn Jeong-Ah , Roh Eun Ha , Kim Tiffany , Lee Jin Hyang , Song Ju-Eun 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: The fertility rate in South Korea has been decreasing dramatically, as working women postpone or avoid childbirth due to the challenges of maintaining a career while raising a family. Working mothers with infants or toddlers have unique maternal adaptation needs, which must be understood in order to support their needs during childbearing years. Supporting successful maternal adaptation of working mothers is not only essential for each individual new working mother, but also benefits her family, her workplace, and the country. Methods: A systematic review was conducted to describe the current state of the science on maternal adaptation of working mothers with infants or toddlers in South Korea. Eligible studies, published between 2009 and 2018, were identified by searching electronic databases. Quantitative studies related to the maternal adaptation of Korean working mothers who had a child younger than age 3 years were included. Thirty-eight articles met the inclusion criteria for narrative analysis and synthesis. Results: Studies were classified into four major groups by maternal adaptation categories as psychological, behavioral, relational, and cognitive adaptation. The majority of studies were focused on working mothers’ psychological adaptation (n=37, 97.4%), followed by behavioral (n=11, 28.9%), relational (n=9, 23.7%), and cognitive (n=3, 7.9%) adaptation. We found that the maternal adaptation of working mothers was intimately influenced by diverse variables of their community, spousal and familial support, personal attributes, and job-related characteristics. Conclusions: These findings demonstrate the importance of understanding variable aspects of maternal adaptation of working mothers with infants or toddlers. The complexity of working mothers’ needs at the individual, family, and community levels must be considered in order to develop effective intervention programs and public policy for supporting maternal adaptation in Korea.
Investigation of in Vitro Culturing Method for Ascaris lumbricoides Eggs in Laboratory: From Soil to Bench
Authors: Nisha Mehru , Ghozi Athira Mohd , Davamani Fabian 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Ascaris lumbricoides is one of the four most common soil transmitted helminths (STHs), they are transmitted by direct contact with infective eggs present in the contaminated soil. Ascariasis infection causes bowel obstruction, nausea, and vomiting. Investigation of in vitro culturing of Ascaris eggs in laboratory in not routinely reported in the literature, if a simple method could be developed, it can help in testing novel drug discovery for STHs. Hence, this study was carried out to investigate on the in vitro culturing method for Ascaris lumbricoides eggs isolated from soil samples. The eggs of Ascaris lumbricoides were isolated from soil samples in Kampung Orang Asli Sungai Lalang Baru, an indigenous village in Malaysia. Methods:The eggs were primarily isolated from soil using floatation technique. Next, the Ascaris lumbricoides eggs were cultivated using 0.1% of sulphuric acid in a glass petri dish. Then, the petri dish was incubated at 37°C in the incubator. The embryonation of the parasite was observed daily by screening samples under a light microscope. Embryonation of Ascaris eggs was detected in loamy soil within 2-5 days and continued to observe up to 28 days. Results: The result showed four stages of Ascaris lumbricoides eggs from the first-cell stage until the embryonation stage over the time. At the embryonation stage, the larvae of Ascaris worm could be observed. This indicated that the eggs managed to survive and developed in the presence of an acidic environment. Conclusion: It was found that 0.1% sulphuric acid was ideal for the development of Ascaris lumbricoides eggs for cultivating in vitro condition. In future, this method could be used to propagate the eggs for testing anthelminthic drug inhibiting the developmental stages.
Performance of RIPASA and AIR Scores in a Middle-Eastern Subset of Patients with Suspected Diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis
Authors: Faisal Mohammed , Bayoumi Ahmed , Bakr Ahmed Abo , Edlehamre Marcus , Khaled Islam 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Early and definitive acute appendicitis (AA) diagnosis remains a great challenge in clinical practice worldwide. Currently, several risk scores are available for the clinical assessment of AA, although there are differences in their accuracy rates. The aim of the study was to assess and analyze the accuracy of the acute inflammatory response (AIR) and Raja Isteri Pengiran Anak Saleha Appendicitis (RIPASA) scores in an Egyptian population. Methods: A series of 310 patients, 61% male with a median age of 18 years, with Rt. Iliac fossa pain were clinically evaluated for suspicion of AA. All patients were assessed using both the AIR and RIPASA scores. Following evaluation, all patients underwent appendectomy. A final diagnosis of AA was based on histopathology. Two predetermined cutoff values for the AIR score and one cutoff value for the RIPASA score was evaluated for sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 22. Cross tabulation was performed to assess sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values along with other tests for parametric and non-parametric variables.Results: The sensitivities of the RIPASA score cutoff value of ≥7.5 and AIR score cutoff values of >4 and >8 were 83.8%, 92.2%, and 33.1%, accordingly, while the specificities were 69.2%, 76.7%, and 84.6%, respectively. AIR score of >4 (91%) was more accurate compared to AIR score of >8 (37.4%) and RIPASA score of ≥7.5 (82.5%). Conclusion: An AIR score of >4 had better sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy compared to a RIPASA score of ≥7.5 for the Egyptian population. However, an AIR score of >8 was more specific. Therefore, an evaluation of patients in low-income countries using one of these scoring systems is highly recommended to avoids unnecessary hospitalization along in negative individuals, in addition to preventing complications in positive cases.
Time Series Analysis of Mean Monthly Temperature in the Far Western Ethiopia, Assosa District
Authors: Kassa Tigabu Hailu , Gebremichael Shewayiref Geremew 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThis study investigated the mean monthly temperature pattern of the Assosa district, Western Ethiopia. The objective of this study was to analyze the mean monthly temperature patterns in the Assosa district for the period from January 2012 to December 2016 based on data from meteorological stations in the Assosa district.MethodsDescriptive statistics and univariate Box-Jenkins methodology to build the seasonal ARIMA model were used.ResultsThe results showed that the mean annual temperature of Assosa was 28.025 degree Celsius. The original series was found to be seasonally non-stationary, as indicated by the ACF plot of the series. After using first-order seasonal differencing, the series was found to be stationary. A time-series model for the Assosa station was adjusted, processed, diagnostically checked, and finally, an ARIMA (3.0.1) model is established and this model is used to forecast one-year mean monthly temperature values. ConclusionThe forecasted mean temperature values showed a similar pattern to previous recordings.
Clinicopathological Factors and Prognosis of Massive Hemorrhage After Radiotherapy for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Authors: Wang Maoxin , Chen Xianming , Gong Hongxun , Chen Shiyan , Yang Fan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: To investigate the clinicopathological factors and prognosis of nasopharyngeal hemorrhage after radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods: The clinicopathological data of 539 NPC patients who received radiotherapy were analyzed retrospectively, including gender; age; T-stage; N-stage; pathological type; type of radiotherapy; synchronous chemotherapy; secondary-course radiotherapy; radioactive skull base osteonecrosis; diabetes, hypertension, or other systemic diseases; results of nasopharyngeal bacterial culture. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed using the c2 test and logistic regression. The Kaplan-Meier method was applied to analyze the survival of patients with nasopharyngeal hemorrhage. Results: Among all patients, 64 (11.9%) had nasopharyngeal hemorrhage after radiotherapy. Results from the univariate analysis showed that T-stage (p<0.01), secondary-course radiotherapy (p<0.01), radioactive skull base osteonecrosis (p<0.01), nasopharyngeal bacterial culture results (p<0.01), and nasopharyngeal tumor recurrence (p<0.01) were associated with nasopharyngeal hemorrhage. Multivariate analysis showed that only radioactive skull base osteonecrosis was significantly associated with nasopharyngeal hemorrhage after radiotherapy (OR=41.83, p=0.0001). In patients with internal carotid artery hemorrhage, the survival rate was 60.9% in one year, 15.1% in3 years, and 0% in 5 years. In patients with external carotid artery bleeding, the 5-year survival rate was 50%. The main cause of death during follow-up was rebleeding. Conclusion: The rate of mortality in patients with nasopharyngeal hemorrhage after radiotherapy is high. The presence of radioactive skull base osteonecrosis is the decisive factor in patients with nasopharyngeal hemorrhage after radiotherapy. Influencing and synergistic factors include T-stage, secondary-course radiotherapy, results of nasopharyngeal bacterial culture, and nasopharyngeal tumor recurrence. After successful rescue,arterial embolization or stent implantation may prolong survival.
Novel Nomograms to Predict of Overall Survival and Cancer-Specific Survival of Patients of Metaplastic Breast Cancer
Authors: li Yongfeng , chen Daobao , xuan Haojun , Dragomir Mihnea P. , Calin George A. , Yang Hongjian , Chen Meng , Jin hongchuan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background Metaplastic breast cancer (BMC) is a rare type of breast cancer with an increasing incidence, we aim to develop clinical nomograms to predict the overall survival and cancer-specific survival for patients with BMC.MethodsPatients data were collected from the SEER database between 1973 and 2015. All included patients were randomly assigned into the training and validation sets. Univariate and multivariate Cox analysis were performed to identify independent prognostic factors of MBC. These essential prognostic variables were combined to construct nomogram models to predict overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) in patients with MBC. Model performance was evaluated by concordance index (C-index) and calibration plots.ResultsA total of 1835 patients were collected and divided into the training (1223) and validation (612) groups. The multivariate Cox model identified age, TNM stage, T stage, and N stage, chemotherapy and radiotherapy as independent covariates associated with OS, while these variables except for age and chemotherapy were independent prognostic factors of CSS. The nomogram constructed based on these covariates demonstrated excellent accuracy in estimating 3-, and 5-year OS and CSS, with a C-index of 0.759(95% CI, 0.746-0.772) for OS and 0.766 (95% CI, 0.751-0.781) for CSS in the training cohort. In the validation cohort, the nomogram-predicted C-index was 0.754 for OS (95%CI, 0.734-0.774) and 0.752 (95%CI, 0.728-0.776) for CSS. All calibration curves exhibited good consistency between predicted and actual survival.ConclusionsThese nomogram models established in this study can help enhance the accuracy of prognostic prediction, which may thereby improve individualized assessment of survival risks and facilitate to provide constructive therapeutic suggestions.
Differentiation of Primary Lung Cancer from Solitary Lung Metastasis in Patients with Colorectal Cancer Using Computed Tomography Features and Clinical Characteristics : A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Lee Jong Eun , Jeong Won Gi , Kim Yun-Hyeon 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the features of solitary pulmonary nodule (SPN) that can be used to differentiate between primary lung cancer (LC) and solitary lung metastasis (LM) in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC).Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included SPNs resected in CRC patients between 2011 and 2019. The diagnosis of primary LC or solitary LM was based on histopathologic report by thoracoscopic wedge resection. Chest computed tomography (CT) images were assessed by two thoracic radiologists, and features were identified by consensus. Predictive parameters for the discrimination of primary LC from solitary LM were evaluated using multivariate logistic regression analysis.Results: We analyzed 199 patients (mean age, 65.95 years; 131 men). The clinical characteristics suggestive of primary LC rather than solitary LM was clinical stage I-II CRC (P < 0.001, odds ratio (OR): 21.70). The CT features of SPNs indicative of primary LC rather than solitary LM were a spiculated margin (P = 0.020, OR: 8.34), a sub-solid density (P < 0.001, OR: 115.56), and presence of an air-bronchogram (OR: 5.32; P = 0.032).Conclusions: CT features and clinical characteristics of SPNs in patients with CRC could help differentiate between primary LC and solitary LM.
Sagittal Surgical Resection for Treatment of Rib Tumors Involving Vertebral Bodies
Authors: Liu Bin , Yuan Zhenchao 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to review recent clinical cases of patients treated in our care center who underwent a sagittal resection for rib tumors involving vertebral bodies, and to explore the local control after operation and related complications.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the hospitalization and post-operative follow-up records for all patients treated for rib tumors involving vertebral bodies in our center.Results: Sagittal surgical resection was conducted in 5 patients aged 34–65 years. Two patients had primary rib tumors and three had metastases at this site. Sagittal surgical resection was achieved in all cases by the removal of two to three affected ribs and associated vertebrae. There were no instances of perioperative mortality. Major complications occurred in 3 of 5 patients after this sagittal surgical resection, including 1 case of postoperative hemorrhage, 1 case of cerebrospinal fluid leakage, and 1 case of hardware failure.Conclusion: The sagittal resection procedure is a helpful means of preventing the local recurrence of rib tumors, however the surgery has a high rate of complications and thus it is important to fully assess indications on an individual patient basis.
The importance of building community trust for sustained health interventions during disruptive events such as COVID-19: A Cambodia case study
Authors: Feldman Mitra , Vernaeve Lieven , Tibenderana James , Debackere Mark , Braack Leo , Thu Htin Kyaw , Hamade Prudence , Lo Koung 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Cambodia has made impressive progress in reducing malaria trends and, in 2018, reported no malaria related deaths for the first time. However, the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic presents a potential challenge to the country’s goal for malaria elimination by 2025. The path towards malaria elimination is dependent on sustained interventions to prevent rapid resurgence, which can quickly set back any gains achieved. Malaria Consortium supported Mobile Malaria Workers (MMWs) engage with target communities to promote acceptance, trust, and resilience. During the COVID-19 pandemic Malaria Consortium’s policy has been to follow national guidelines while continuing to support community-based malaria services via the MMWs / mobile malaria posts (MPs) with as minimal disruption as possible. A COVID-19 risk assessment was carried out by Malaria Consortium, with a mitigation plan quickly developed and implemented, to ensure MMWs were able to continue providing services without putting themselves or their patients at risk.In general, Health Centres and village malaria workers at District level saw an overall decline in malaria testing in March and April; however, Malaria Consortium-supported MMWs did not report any such decline in the utilization of their services. They attribute this to the trust they have among the communities especially regarding Covid-19 mitigation measures that were implemented, and their consequent ability to continue working safely thanks to Malaria Consortium’s rapid response and continued support.By effectively demonstrating care and solidarity with and among the MMWs and communities being served, the rapid and effective Covid-19 mitigation measures and community messaging have ensured a high level of trust, and therefore willingness to continue providing and utilising malaria services as usual, despite the fear of COVID-19. By building trust among rural communities, resilience was strengthened, and effective malaria elimination activities were able to continue uninterrupted, even during an extraneous disruptive force such as the Covid-19 pandemic.
Incremental Value of 3D and Contrast Echocardiography in Evaluation of Endocardial Fibroelastosis and Multiple Cardiovascular Thrombi
Authors: Sun Lijuan , Li Ying , Qiao Wei , Yu Jiahui , Wang Xin , Ren Wei-dong 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Endocardial fibroelastosis (EFE) is a rare heart disease characterized by the thickening of the endocardium caused by massive proliferation of collagenous and elastic tissue, usually leading to impaired cardiac function. Thrombosis is a complication of EFE that suggests poor prognosis.Case presentation: The present report describes an EFE patient with multiple cardiovascular thrombi. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of three-dimensional (3D) and contrast echocardiography use in EFE with multiple ventricular thrombi. The clinical features and outcomes of this rare condition between 1966 and 2019 are also reviewed.Conclusions: Through the combination of 3D and contrast echocardiography, the thrombus can be displayed more accurately and vividly, including its nature and density and the connection between the base of the thrombus and ventricular wall. EFE prognosis with left ventricular thrombus is generally poor.
The Effects of IL-2 Concentration and Adding Manner on Proliferation and Function of CIKs
Authors: Liu Yali , Li Jicheng , Zhao Liangtao , Zhu Jiarui , Wang Hongxia , Wang Yingying , Zhang Yong , Liu Tao 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundCytokine-induced killer cells (CIKs) adoptive cell transfer (ACT) is a common malignant tumor treatment method. Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is one of essential cytokines for CIKs culture. In most studies, only the effect of IL-2 concentration on function of CIKs was studied, but the difference between multifarious adding manner of IL-2 was not explored. MethodsThis study established a novel sequential adding manner of IL-2. Different concentration of IL-2 was added in different CIKs induction phase. Then, proliferation ability of CIKs was evaluated using cell proliferation curves, immune phenotype was analyzed by flow cytometry (FCM), IFN-γ secretion ability and cytotoxicity were detected by ELISA Kit and CCK-8 Kit respectively . Multiple comparison tests were conducted between each group to compare function of CIKs in 12 experimental groups. ResultsAs the IL-2 concentration increased, the number of CIKs continued to increase in each group, but its function was not positively related with its number: CD3+ CD56+ subpopulation ratio, INF-γ secretion ability and cytotoxicity presented irregular changes. During quiescent phase and logarithmic growth phase, adding 300 and 1000 U/mL IL-2 respectively could obtain amounts of powerful CIKs (CD3+ CD56+ subpopulation ratio: 40.9%, INF-γ secretion ability: 542pg/mL, cytotoxicity: 40:1, 74.22) . ConclusionsDifferent concentration of IL-2 had a greater influence on biological function of CIKs in different growth phase, it was better to add IL-2 sequentially in quiescent phase and exponential growth phase of CIKs.
Prognostic Factors of Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer: A Study Based on Next-generation Sequencing
Authors: Shao Yanxiang , Hu Xu , Yang Zhen , Lia Thongher , Yang Weixiao , Wu Kan , Ren Shangqing , Xiong Sanchao , Dou Weichao , Feng Shuyang , Wang Yaohui , Liu Yang , Wu Kang , Li Xiang 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
ObjectiveTo investigate the genetic prognostic factors for the recurrence of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. Materials and MethodsThe patients underwent transurethral resection of bladder tumor and received bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) or epirubicin. Next-generation sequencing was performed and alterations of genes, pathways, and tumor mutation burden were recorded. Associations between these clinicopathological and genetic variants were estimated, and prognostic factor identified.ResultsA total of 58 cases were included in our study, and 46 patients underwent treatment with BCG. FGFR3 was the most frequently altered gene (48%), and more commonly detected in intermediate-risk patients. Univariate Cox analysis demonstrated that 10 genes were significantly correlated with BCG failure, while NEB, FGFR1 and SDHC were independent recurrence predictors. Besides, epigenetic-related gene pathway mutations were negatively correlated with recurrence (hazard ratio: 0.198, P=0.023). DNA damage response and repair gene alterations were positively correlated with tumor burden, while altered TP53 was most frequent among these genes and significant correlated with high tumor burden.ConclusionBCG instillation significantly reduced the rate of recurrence compared with epirubicin in this population. Potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets were found with the help of next-generation sequencing; correlations between DDR genes alterations and high tumor mutation burden were also demonstrated.
Bioinformatics Analysis Combined With Experiments Predicts CENPK as a Potential Prognostic Factor for Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Ma Jiayu , Chen Xiaochuan , Lin Mingqiang , Wang Zhiping , Wu Yahua , Li Jiancheng 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundLung cancer is the most commonly occurring malignant tumor. Identification of novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for lung cancer is a key research imperative. The role of CENPK in cancer is an emerging area of research. However, the role of CENPK in the progression of lung adenocarcinoma (LAC) is not well characterized. MethodsIn this study, we identified centromere protein K (CENPK) as a potential new gene for lung cancer based on bioinformatics analysis. In addition, in vitro experiments, including were performed to verify the function of this gene. We investigated the expression of CENPK in LAC by bioinformatics analyses of datasets from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases, differential expression analyses, gene ontology (GO) enrichment, kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) analysis, and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were conducted to evaluate its diagnostic and prognostic relevance. In vitro experiments including immunohistochemistry analysis, western blot analysis, CCK8 assay, Transwell assay, flow cytometry, wound healing assay, which were conducted to evaluate the biological behavior and role of CENPK in lung cancer cells.ResultsWe demonstrated overexpression of CENPK in LAC; in addition, increased expression of CENPK was associated with clinical progression. Moreover, CENPK was found to be an independent risk factor in patients with LAC. Furthermore, we observed activation of CENPK related signaling pathways in patients with LAC. ConclusionsIn summary, our findings indicate a potential role of CENPK in promoting tumor proliferation, invasion, and metastasis and its application as a novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarker of LAC.