bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Xanthone Derivatives for Possible Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease Based on Multi‐Target Strategy
Authors: Yang Aihong , Yu Qiao , Ju Hui , Song Lulu , Kou Xiaodi , Shen Rui 
Published: July 2020

AbstractFour xanthone derivatives were synthesized and evaluated as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs) with metal chelating ability and antioxidant ability against Alzheimer's disease (AD). Most of them exhibited potential acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butylcholinesterase (BuChE) inhibitory, antioxidant and metal chelating properties. Among them, 1‐hydroxy‐3‐[2‐(pyrrolidin‐1‐yl)ethoxy]‐9H‐xanthen‐9‐one had the highest ability to inhibit AChE and displayed high selectivity towards AChE (IC50=2.403±0.002 μM for AChE and IC50=31.221±0.002 μM for BuChE), and it was also a good antioxidant (IC50=2.662±0.003 μM). Enzyme kinetic studies showed that this compound was a mixed‐type inhibitor, which could interact simultaneously with the catalytic anionic site (CAS) and the peripheral anionic site (PAS) of AChE. Interestingly, its copper complex showed more significant inhibitory activity for AChE (IC50=0.934±0.002 μM) and antioxidant activity (IC50=1.064±0.003 μM). Molecular dockings were carried out for the four xanthone derivatives in order to further investigate the binding modes. Finally, the blood‐brain barrier (BBB) penetration prediction indicated that all compounds might penetrate BBB. These results suggested that 1‐hydroxy‐3‐[2‐(pyrrolidin‐1‐yl)ethoxy]‐9H‐xanthen‐9‐one was promising AChEI with metal chelating ability and antioxidant ability for the further investigation.
Advances on the Use of Graphene as a Label for Electrochemical Biosensors
Authors: Bonanni Alessandra 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThere has been an overwhelming interest in the use of graphene and its derivatives for electrochemical biosensors in the last decade. Although the majority of the works describe the use of these materials as platform for the immobilization of the biorecognition element, there is a significant, often unrecognized, research effort that has shown how graphene materials can also beneficially serve as signaling labels for biosensing. Owing to its intrinsic electroactivity and small size, nano‐graphene oxide, for example, has been used for this purpose, where the working signal arises from the reduction of the oxygen functionalities on the material surface. In other approaches, graphene labels modified with electroactive probes were also used to promote the signal generation. This Minireview will illustrate how the unique electrochemical and structural features make graphene a very promising material for the detection of the biorecognition event. In addition, an overview will be provided, showing the plethora of options offered by graphene and its derivatives as labels for signal generation and enhancement.
Tuning the Ground and Excited State Dynamics of Hemithioindigo Molecular Motors by Changing Substituents
Authors: Wilcken Roland , Huber Ludwig , Grill Kerstin , Guentner Manuel , Schildhauer Monika , Thumser Stefan , Riedle Eberhard , Dube Henry 
Published: July 2020

AbstractEfficiency and performance of light triggered molecular motors are crucial features that need to be mechanistically understood to improve the performance and enable conscious property tailoring for specific applications. In this work, three different hemithioindigo‐based molecular motors are investigated and all four steps in their complete unidirectional rotation are unraveled fully quantitatively. Transient absorption spectroscopy across twelve orders of magnitude in time is used to probe the fs nuclear motions up to the ms thermal kinetics, covering the timeframe of the whole motor rotation. The newly known full mechanisms allow simulation of the motor systems to scrutinize their performance at realistic illumination conditions. This highlights the importance of photoisomerization quantum yields for the rotation speed. The substitution pattern in close proximity to the rotation axle influences the excited and ground state properties. Reduction of electron donation and concomitant increase of steric hindrance leads to faster photoisomerization reactions with quasi‐ballistic behavior, but also to a slight decrease in the quantum efficiency. The expected decelerating effects of increased sterics are primarily manifested in the ground state. A promising approach for next‐generation hemithioindigo motors is to elevate electron donation at the rotor fragment followed by an increase of steric hindrance.
Observation of hyperpositive non‐linear effect in catalytic asymmetric organozinc additions to aldehydes
Authors: Geiger Yannick , Achard Thierry , Maisse‐François Aline , Bellemin‐Laponnaz Stéphane 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAsymmetric amplification is a phenomenon that is believed to play a key role in the emergence of homochirality in life. In asymmetric catalysis, theoretical and experimental models have been investigated to provide an understanding of how chiral amplification is possible, in particular based on non‐linear effects. Interestingly, it has been proposed a quarter century ago that chiral catalysts, when not enantiopure might even be more enantioselective than their enantiopure counterparts. We show here that such hyperpositive non‐linear effect in asymmetric catalysis is indeed possible. An in‐depth study into the underlying mechanism was carried out, and the scheme we derive differs from the previous proposed models.
Art of musical color: A synesthesia‐based mechanism of color art
Authors: Hu Guosheng 
Published: July 2020

AbstractExisting music‐color synesthesia projects fundamentally focus on musical pitch and color, but seldom touch on music structure. This article proposes a systematic color visualization method of visual language based on music‐color synesthesia. Not only does it involve pitch‐color with timbres of various instruments but also adopts musical elements (even structures) in plastic units of color composition. The author established a metaphorical language of musical color based on the synesthesia theory. Quantizing‐oriented as this language is, generative art and interactive system of color can be developed. It could also be applied in visualized music education and as a synesthetic performance aid.
The supervisory relationship from an attachment perspective: Connections to burnout and sense of coherence in health professionals
Authors: Hiebler‐Ragger Michaela , Nausner Liselotte , Blaha Anna , Grimmer Karl , Korlath Silvia , Mernyi Margarete , Unterrainer Human F. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSupervision is an essential part of the training and work environment of health professionals, especially of psychotherapists and clinical/health psychologists. However, although the supervisory process is always a relational one and may therefore be influenced by attachment dynamics, the importance of the supervisory relationship for the professional's performance and the well‐being of the supervisee has yet to be fully examined.In this cross‐sectional observational study, the Experiences in Close Relationships‐Revised (ECR‐RD; avoidant and anxious attachment), the Supervisory Relationship Questionnaire (SRQ), the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) and the Sense of Coherence Scale (SOC‐13) were analysed for 346 (81.8% female) health professionals.Considering professional experience and number of supervision sessions as control variables, a better supervisory relationship negatively predicted burnout symptoms (β = −.31) but positively predicted sense of coherence (β = .31, both p < .01). The final model, including avoidant and anxious attachment as additional predictors, explained 30% of the variance in burnout symptoms and 41% of the variance in sense of coherence.The results underline the importance of the supervisory relationship for the well‐being and the professional performance of health professionals. Interactions between the supervisory relationship and underlying attachment parameters should be further explored in future studies.
A fuzzy multicriteria decision‐making‐based CH selection and hybrid routing protocol for WSN
Authors: Sreedharan Panchikattil Susheelkumar , Pete Dnyandeo Jageshwar 
Published: July 2020

SummaryOne of the famous approaches to decision making is named as multicriteria decision making (MCDM). In order to solve the MCDM issues, a better way is provided by the fuzzy logic. Expendability, cost, maintenance, availability of software, and performance characteristics are such problems considered by the decision. The precise estimation of the pertinent data is one of the vital phases in DM systems. This paper presents a fuzzy MCDM‐based cluster head (CH) selection and hybrid routing protocol to solve the most common issues. In this research article, the generalized intuitionistic fuzzy soft set (GIFSS) approach is utilized to select the optimal CH, and hybrid shark smell optimization (SSO), and a genetic algorithm (GA) is introduced for the effective routing. Initially, the wireless sensor network (WSN) system and energy models are designed, and then the nodes are grouped into several clusters. Next, based on the GIFSS, the CH nodes are selected, and finally, an effective routing is placed based on the hybrid optimizations. The implementation is performed on the NS2 platform, and the performances are evaluated by packet delivery ratio (PDR), delay, packet loss ratio (PLR), network lifetime, bit error rate (BER), energy consumption, throughput, and jitter. The existing approaches named energy centers examining using particle swarm optimization (EC‐PSO), variable dimension‐based PSO (VD‐PSO), energy‐efficient PSO‐based CH selection (PSO‐ECHS), low‐energy adaptive clustering hierarchy‐sugeno fuzzy (LEACH‐SF), SSO, and GA are compared with the proposed strategy. According to the implemented outcomes, it displays the proposed strategy and gives improved outcomes than the others.
Why I recovered: A qualitative investigation of factors promoting motivation for eating disorder recovery
Authors: Venturo‐Conerly Katherine E. , Wasil Akash R. , Dreier Melissa J. , Lipson Sarah M. , Shingleton Rebecca M. , Weisz John R. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectiveIt is difficult for individuals with eating disorders (EDs) to build and maintain motivation to recover. This challenge contributes to high rates of treatment dropout and relapse. To date, motivational interventions have been largely ineffective, and there is little research on factors that affect recovery motivation. To better understand recovery motivation and identify potential intervention targets, this study examines factors that affect recovery motivation in individuals with EDs.MethodN = 13 participants completed qualitative interviews. All had been recovered from their diagnosed and treated ED for at least 1 year. We applied thematic analysis to interview transcripts in order to identify factors that had influenced recovery motivation and to classify their effects as helpful, harmful, or mixed.ResultsSix main themes were identified, with subthemes detailed under each: (a) important people and groups (e.g., social circle, mentor), (b) actions and attitudes of others (e.g., judgmental responses, failure to intervene), (c) treatment‐related factors (e.g., therapeutic skills, therapeutic alliance), (d) influential circumstances (e.g., removing triggers, pregnancy/children), (e) personal feelings and beliefs (e.g., obligation to others, hope for the future), and (f) the role of epiphanies (i.e., sudden insights or moments of change).DiscussionIn this study, we identified potentially malleable factors that may affect ED recovery motivation (e.g., removing triggers, focusing on obligation to others, getting involved in meaningful causes, securing non‐judgmental support, building hope for the future). These factors may be investigated as potential targets or strategies in motivational interventions for EDs.
Abundance data for invertebrate assemblages from intertidal mussel beds along the Atlantic Canadian coast
Authors: Scrosati Ricardo A. , Arribas Lorena P. , Donnarumma Luigia 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis data set describes the abundance of 50 invertebrate taxa found in intertidal mussel beds along the Atlantic Canadian coast. This information resulted from a regional‐scale study that investigated the effects of wave exposure on the richness and composition of invertebrate assemblages from intertidal mussel beds. Abundance data are provided for taxa representing the Annelida, Arthropoda, Bryozoa, Chordata, Cnidaria, Echinodermata, Mollusca, Nematoda, Nemertea, and Platyhelminthes. The data characterize mussel beds from wave‐sheltered and wave‐exposed locations spanning 315 km of the coast of Nova Scotia. Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that the compositional structure of these invertebrate assemblages differed markedly depending on wave exposure. Overall, because of its taxonomic diversity, the inclusion of data for basal, intermediate, and top trophic levels, and the coverage of two extremes of environmental stress, this data set could be useful to test broader aspects of ecological theory. Areas of ecology that could advance using this data set are those concerning environmental stress models of community organization, abundance–occupancy relationships, species co‐occurrence, species abundance distributions, dominance and rarity, spatial scales of population and community variation, and distribution of functional and phylogenetic diversity. Use of this data set for academic or educational purposes is allowed as long as the data source is properly cited. When used for academic or educational purposes, this data set should be cited using the title of this Data Paper, the names of the authors, the year of publication, and the corresponding volume and article numbers.
Assessing the functional relationship between dung beetle traits and dung removal, burial, and seedling emergence
Authors: deCastro‐Arrazola Indradatta , Hortal Joaquín , Noriega Jorge Ari , Sánchez‐Piñero Francisco 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning is often assessed through trait diversity. However, the relationship between traits and functions is typically assumed but seldom tested. We analyze the relationship between dung beetle traits and three ecological functions: dung removal, dung burial, and seedling emergence. We set up a laboratory experiment using nine Scarabaeidae species (three endocoprids, four paracoprids, and two telecoprids). We placed a sexual pair of beetles in each experimental unit, together with a mixture of dung and seeds, and measured the amount of dung removed and buried, burial depth, and the number of emerged seedlings. Sixteen morphological traits related to dung removal and burial were measured in each individual. Results indicate that these traits were related to dung beetle performance in dung removal and burial. Most traits were positively related to dung removal, indicating the existence of a general trait syndrome associated with dung manipulation and digging capability. Dung exploitation strategies did not provide further explanatory power. Seedling emergence showed a negative but weak relationship with dung burial amount and depth and species identity. This implies that specific differences in dung–soil interface activity may be important in secondary seed dispersal by dung beetles.
Human splenic polymorphonuclear myeloid‐derived suppressor cells (PMN‐MDSC) are strategically located immune regulatory cells in cancer
Authors: Tavukcuoglu Ece , Horzum Utku , Yanik Hamdullah , Uner Aysegul , Yoyen‐Ermis Digdem , Nural Safa K. , Aydin Busra , Sokmensuer Cenk , Karakoc Derya , Yilmaz Kerim Bora , Hamaloglu Erhan , Esendagli Gunes 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn contrast to the mouse, functional assets of polymorphonuclear myeloid‐derived suppressor cells (PMN‐MDSC) in the human spleen remain to be better elucidated. Here, we report that the spleen in gastric and pancreatic cancer adopts an immune regulatory character, harbors excessive amount of PMN‐MDSC, and anatomically enables their interaction with T cells. Compared to the peripheral blood, the spleen from cancer patients contained significantly higher levels of low‐density PMN‐MDSC, but not early‐stage MDSC (e‐MDSC) and monocytic‐MDSC (M‐MDSC). Low‐density fraction of polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells was enriched in immature myeloid cells and displayed higher levels of CD10, CD16, and ROS than their blood‐derived counterparts. They were also positive for PD‐L1, LOX‐1, and pSTAT3. The white pulp and periarteriolar lymphoid sheath (PALS) were strategically surrounded by PMN cells that were in contact with T cells. Unlike those from the blood, both low‐density and normal‐density PMN cells from the human spleen suppressed T cell proliferation and IFN‐γ production. Independent of clinical grade, high PMN‐MDSC percentages were associated with decreased survival in gastric cancer. In summary, our results outline the immune regulatory role of the spleen in cancer where neutrophils acquire MDSC functions and feasibly interact with T cells.
Th17 lymphocyte‐dependent degradation of joint cartilage by synovial fibroblasts in a humanized mouse model of arthritis and reversal by secukinumab
Authors: Margheri Francesca , Maggi Laura , Biagioni Alessio , Chillà Anastasia , Laurenzana Anna , Bianchini Francesca , Bani Daniele , Capone Manuela , Mazzoni Alessio , Rossi Maria Caterina , Liotta Francesco , Cosmi Lorenzo , Giani Teresa , Cimaz Rolando , Fibbi Gabriella , Annunziato Francesco , Del Rosso Mario 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHow T‐helper (Th) lymphocyte subpopulations identified in synovial fluid from patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) (Th17, classic Th1, or nonclassic Th1) drive joint damage is of great interest for the possible use of biological drugs that inhibit the specific cytokines. Our objective was to clarify the role of such Th subpopulations in the pathogenesis of articular cartilage destruction by synovial fibroblasts (SFbs), and the effect of Th17 blockage in an animal model. SFbs were isolated from healthy subjects and patients with JIA, and peripheral blood Th lymphocytes subsets were obtained from healthy subjects. Fragments of human cartilage from healthy subjects in a collagen matrix containing JIA or normal SFbs grafted underskin in SCID mice were used to measure cartilage degradation under the effects of Th supernatants. JIA SFbs overexpress MMP9 and MMP2 and Th17 induce both MMPs in normal SFbs, while nonclassic Th1 upregulate urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) activity. In vitro invasive phenotype of normal SFbs is stimulated with conditioned medium of Th17 and nonclassic‐Th1. In the in vivo “inverse wrap” model, normal SFbs stimulated with supernatants of Th17‐lymphocytes and nonclassic Th1 produced a cartilage invasion and degradation similar to JIA SFbs. Secukinumab inhibits the cartilage damage triggered by factors produced by Th17.
Novel Type of Carbon Nanotube Paste Electrode Modified by Sb2O3 for Square Wave Anodic Stripping Voltammetric Determination of Cd2+ and Pb2+
Authors: Majidian Mahsa , Raoof Jahan Bakhsh , Hosseini Sayed Reza , Ojani Reza , Barek Jiri , Fischer Jan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA novel type of carbon paste electrode modified by multi‐walled carbon nanotubes and antimony trioxide (Sb2O3/CNTCPE) was applied for square wave anodic stripping voltammetry (SWASV) of Cd2+ and Pb2+. Important parameters (deposition potential, deposition time, HCl concentration) were optimized and linear concentration dependence was obtained in the range of 10–100 ppb with LOD 1.7 ppb for Cd2+ and 1.2 ppb for Pb2+. The practical applicability was tested on the determination of Cd2+ and Pb2+ in tap water. The potentiometric stripping analysis at Sb2O3/CNTCPE was tested for the determination of Cd2+ and Pb2+ to compare this method with SWASV.
Electrochemical Study of Different Sensors for Simple and fast Quantification of Ciprofloxacin in Pharmaceutical Formulations and Bovine Milk
Authors: de Faria Lucas Vinícius , Lisboa Thalles Pedrosa , Alves Guilherme Figueira , de Farias Davi Marques , Matos Maria Auxiliadora Costa , Muñoz Rodrigo Alejandro Abarza , Matos Renato Camargo 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this paper, bare glassy carbon electrode (GCE), multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT/GCE) and reduced graphene oxide (RGO/GCE) were to verify the ciprofloxacin oxidation process. The RGO/GCE electrode provided a 9‐fold increase in the analytical signal and a potential displacement of 50 mV. A method using flow injection analysis with amperometric detection has been developed for simple and fast detection of ciprofloxacin in pharmaceutical formulations and bovine milk. The method presented adequate analytical characteristics, limit of detection (LOD<0.1 μmol L−1), simple sample treatment (only dilution supporting electrolyte), analytical frequency (110 analyzes per hour), satisfactory linear range (1–100 μmol L−1) and good precision (RSD<3%). The method was applied in six samples with satisfactory accuracy (recovery values in the range of 101 to 113 %). The ciprofloxacin contents were in agreement with the values provided by the drug labels, while the levels in the milk samples were below the LOD. The results obtained for both applications were statistically equivalent to the results obtained by liquid chromatography, at a 95 % confidence level.
Parametric optimization of direct injection CI engine to improve combustion characteristics
Authors: Ganji Prabhakara Rao , Kattela Siva Prasad , Vysyaraju Rajesh Khana Raju , Surapaneni Srinivasa Rao 
Published: July 2020

AbstractTo achieve emission standard norms and higher fuel efficiency conversion are the main concerns in diesel engines. The single parametric study approach might not attain the optimal combustion characteristics. In order to overcome this issue, multi objective study has been carried out to achieve the higher performance and simultaneously reduction of emissions. The main objective of present article is identifying the optimum set of the engine parameters for diesel fuel, which gives better performance and emissions. Numerical analysis was carried out by using CONVERGE CFD software. Numerical analysis were carried out by varying the Compression Ratio (CR) (12–16.5), Start of Injection (SOI) (0–25° bTDC), Fuel Injection Pressure (FIP) (500–1,400), and Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) (0–40%). Response surface methodology was used for optimization. The parameters are optimized for minimizing the NOx, soot, and ISFC by using the Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Regression equations were developed for the responses such as ISFC, NOx, and soot. It was observed that the interaction effects also play a major role in determining the performance and emission characteristics of the engine. The optimum combination of operating parameters was found to be CR 14.55, SOI 16.29° bTDC, FIP 855 bar, and EGR 26.15% with a composite desirability of 0.94. The corresponding NOx and soot emissions are reduced by 40.3% and 52.38%, respectively, and a marginal reduction in the ISFC is accomplished. Mixture homogeneity (TFDI) was improved 27% for optimum case compared to baseline configuration.