bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE USE OF RECTAL DICLOFENAC SODIUM VERSUS INTRAVENOUS PARACETAMOL FOR POST CESAREAN SECTION ANALGESIA
Authors: Ismael Avan , Nasir Sallama 
Published: January 2020

Background
Pain management is one of the most important aspects of postoperative care. Pain causes unpleasant experiences such as prolongation of postoperative recovery and development of stress reactions. Pain relief is of great importance in patients with Cesarean section by relaxing the mother, enhancing the ability of self-care, resulting into early discharge and subsequently reduces nosocomial infections and hospitalization costs.
Objectives
To compare the analgesic efficacy of Diclofenac sodium suppository (100 mg) versus intravenous paracetamol (1000 mg) in postoperative pain management for women undergoing Caesarean section.
Patients and Methods
This study is a single blinded randomized clinical trial conducted in Sulaimani Maternity Teaching Hospital from 1st of June 2018 to 1st of February 2019 on 124 pregnant women who underwent 1st or 2nd Caesarean section under spinal anesthesia without any medical disease or drug allergy. After obtaining informed consent from the participants, patients were randomly divided into two groups. Group A (62 patients) received 100 mg rectal Diclofenac sodium, Group B (62 patients) received 1000 mg intravenous Acetaminophen immediately after cesarean section. The patients were observed for 12 hours after the end of surgery. The pain intensity was judged using McGill pain scale at time periods 1, 6 and 12 hours after the ending of surgery.
Results
Mean pain score was significantly lower at 1, 6 and 12 hours of Diclofenac sodium group comparing to that of paracetamol group p<0.001. After 1 hour, 60 patients (96.8%) in Diclofenac group had no pain, while 26 of paracetamol group (41.9%) had no pain The paracetamol group significantly needed more additional analgesia than Diclofenac group P<0.001. No side effects were recorded in any of the two groups.
Conclusion
For post Cesarean pain relief, rectal Diclofenac sodium was found to be safe and effective and has much better analgesic effect than intravenous paracetamol infusion.
DORSAL NASAL REFINEMENT USING DICED CARTILAGE GRAFTS FIXED WITH BLOOD
Authors: Sheriff Hemin 
Published: January 2020

Background
The use of diced cartilage grafts in rhinoplasty is well described and it has been popularized recently for establishment and camouflaging any imperfections of the dorsal aesthetic lines and contour.
Objectives
To establish the efficacy of pure diced cartilage grafts fixed with blood in dorsal nasal refinement or augmentation.
Patients and Methods
Twenty six rhinoplasties patients (23 primary and 3 secondary) were included in this study. At the end of the procedure, diced cartilage grafts, fixed with blood, were inserted into the dorsum of the nose for dorsal augmentation and camouflage of any imperfections. These cases were subsequently assessed clinically and photographically 3 months, 6 months, and then every 6 months till 2 years postoperatively.
Results
At the regular follow up visits, only 3 patients had problem that required treatment. Two patients had palpable bony prominences at the keystone area, which were successfully treated by fine rasping under local anesthesia in clinic, and the other one had a small depression which was filled up.
Conclusions
The use of diced cartilage grafts admixed with clotted blood is an elegant and powerful technique in dorsal nasal refinement and augmentation without the additional morbidity, risks and complications incurred in the use of either Surgicel® or with fascia to wrap the cartilage grafts.
Lise Öğrencilerinin Okul kültürü Algıları ve Okula Yabancılaşmaları Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi
Authors: GÖLDAĞ Battal 
Published: January 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı, liselerde
öğrenim gören öğrencilerin okul kültürü algıları ile okula yabancılaşmaları
arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesidir. Araştırma ilişkisel tarama modelinde
yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın evrenini 2018-2019 eğitim öğretim yılında Malatya
ili Battalgazi ve Yeşilyurt ilçelerindeki liselerde öğrenim gören öğrenciler
oluşturmaktadır. Örnekleme 407 öğrenci dâhil edilmiştir. Öğrencilerin okul
kültürü algılarını belirlemek amacıyla Göldağ (2015) tarafından geliştirilen
"Okul Kültürü Ölçeği", okula
yabancılaşmalarını ölçmek amacıyla Sanberk’in (2003) "Öğrenci
Yabancılaşma" ölçeği kullanılmıştır.
Fark analizleri için normallik varsayımı incelenmiş (basıklık ve
çarpıklık) verilerin normal dağılım
özelliği gösterdiği saptanmıştır. Bu nedenle veriler, betimleyici analizler
(ortalama ve standart sapma) ile parametrik analizler olan bağımsız gruplar
için t-testi, tek yönlü varyans analizi testi (ANOVA) ve Pearson Çarpım Moment
Korelasyon Analizi kullanılarak test edilmiştir. Anlamlılık düzeyi p&lt;,05 alınmıştır.
Elde edilen sonuçlara göre; öğrencilerin okul kültürü algıları ile okula
yabancılaşmaları arasında orta düzeyde negatif yönlü anlamlı bir ilişki vardır.
Öğrencilerin okul kültürü algıları yükseldikçe okula olan yabancılaşmaları da
azalmaktadır.
Benchmarking Current and Emerging Approaches to Infrasound Signal Classification
Authors: Albert Sarah , Linville Lisa 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Low-frequency sound ≤20  Hz, known as infrasound, is generated by a variety of natural and anthropogenic sources. Following an event, infrasonic waves travel through a dynamic atmosphere that can change on the order of minutes. This makes infrasound event classification a difficult problem, as waveforms from the same source type can look drastically different. Event classification usually requires ground-truth information from seismic or other methods. This is time consuming, inefficient, and does not allow for classification if the event locates somewhere other than a known source, the location accuracy is poor, or ground truth from seismic data is lacking. Here, we compare the performance of the state of the art for infrasound event classification, support vector machine (SVM) to the performance of a convolutional neural network (CNN), a method that has been proven in tangential fields such as seismology. For a 2-class catalog of only volcanic activity and earthquake events, the fourfold average SVM classification accuracy is 75%, whereas it is 74% when using a CNN. Classification accuracies from the 4-class catalog consisting of the most common infrasound events detected at the global scale are 55% and 56% for the SVM and CNN architectures, respectively. These results demonstrate that using a CNN does not increase performance for infrasound event classification. This suggests that SVM should be the preferred classification method, as it is a simpler and more trustworthy architecture and can be tied to the physical properties of the waveforms. The SVM and CNN algorithms described in this article are not yet generalizable to other infrasound event catalogs. We anticipate this study to be a starting point for development of large and comprehensive, systematically labeled, infrasound event catalogs, as such catalogs will be necessary to provide an increase in the value of deep learning on event classification.
Using a Dense Seismic Array to Determine Structure and Site Effects of the Two Towers Earthflow in Northern California
Authors: Thomas Amanda M. , Spica Zack , Bodmer Miles , Schulz William H. , Roering Joshua J. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe deployed a network of 68 three-component geophones on the slow-moving Two Towers earthflow in northern California. We compute horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratios (HVSRs) from the ambient seismic field. The HVSRs have two prominent peaks, one near 1.23 Hz and another between 4 and 8 Hz at most stations. The 1.23 Hz resonance is a property of the background noise field and may be due to a velocity contrast at a few hundred meters depth. We interpret the higher frequency peaks as being related to slide deposits and invert the spectral ratios for shallow velocity structure using in situ thickness measurements as a priori constraints on the inversion. The thickness of the shallowest, low-velocity layer is systematically larger than landslide thicknesses inferred from inclinometer data acquired since 2013. Given constraints from field observations and boreholes, the inversion may reflect the thickness of deposits of an older slide that is larger in spatial extent and depth than the currently active slide. Because the HVSR peaks measured at Two Towers are caused by shallow slide deposits and represent frequencies that will experience amplification during earthquakes, the depth of the actively sliding mass may be less relevant for assessing potential slide volume and associated hazard than the thicknesses determined by our inversions. More generally, our results underscore the utility of combining both geotechnical measurements and subsurface imaging for landslide characterization and hazard assessment.
Bullous pemphigoid as an injection site reaction of glatiramer acetate
Authors: Baghbanian Seyed Mohammad , Ghasemi Maryam , Sheidaei Somayeh , Hajheydari Zohreh 
Published: January 2020

Glatiramer acetate (GA) is one of the well-tolerated disease-modifying therapeutic options, which is commonly administered subcutaneously in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). The current study aimed at defining a bullous pemphigoid (BP) skin reaction in a patient with MS receiving treatment with GA.
A 29-year-old women with MS, receiving GA treatment within the past nine months, November 11, 2018, was admitted to our MS clinic due to itching skin eruptions at the site of injection. Her disease was started at February 12, 2017 with left optic neuritis; and because of six periventricular and eleven juxtacortical brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) lesions without any enhancement, lumbar puncture was done for her. Due to positive cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) oligoclonal band, MS was diagnosed for her. At that time, she refused to start disease modifying treatment. GA was started 9 months before admission for her.
After dermatologic consultation, the dermatologist defined the lesions as fluid-filled and blistering at the site of injection without mucosal involvement (Figure 1).

Figure 1. Large, fluid-filled blisters

Timeline: Skin lesions appeared exactly at the GA injection site.
RAMATH: Innovation in the learning environment of military-technological higher education
Authors: Narváez Margarita , Defaz Verónica , Teneda Victor , Barba Rosanna 
Published: January 2020

The present project is the analysis on the acceptability of augmented reality in the learning of military students of the Superior Technology in Military Sciences at Escuela de Formación de Soldados del Ejército ”Vencedores del Cenepa” (ESFORSE). According to the curricular structure in dual formative modality, the adaptation index would be to submit educational innovations promoting teaching-learning with the RA, creating quality educational and pedagogical resources for teachers, military instructors and students, interacting with technology; improving knowledge in the subject of Mathematical Foundations.
The evidential result is the educational indicators designed for RA applications with practical functions that include the study methodology in the Mathematical Foundations subject. The adaptability in this topic was validated through an explanation of selected applications considering characteristics, techniques, configurations, as well as the discussed topics in the subject, included in the work under study.
Resumen. El presente proyecto es el análisis sobre la aceptabilidad de la realidad aumentada en el aprendizaje de los estudiantes militares de la carrera de Tecnología Superior en Ciencias Militares, en la Escuela de Formación de Soldados del Ejército “Vencedores del Cenepa” (ESFORSE), según la estructura curricular en modalidad formativa dual, el índice de adaptación sería el presentar innovaciones educativas potenciando la enseñanza, aprendizaje con la RA, creando recursos educativos de calidad y pedagógicos para docentes, instructores militares y estudiantes, interactuando con la tecnología, mejorando los conocimientos en la asignatura de Fundamentos Matemáticos.
El resultado evidenciable son los marcadores educativos diseñados para aplicaciones de RA con funciones prácticas incluyendo la metodología de estudio en la materia de Fundamentos Matemáticos. La adaptabilidad en esta materia se validó mediante una explicación de las aplicaciones seleccionadas considerando características, técnicas, configuraciones; así como los temas tratados en la asignatura, incluidos dentro del trabajo de estudio.
Use of TICs in learning programming in the ESPOCH
Authors: Fernando Mejía Peñafiel1 Edwin , Rosero Miranda Raul , Villa Villa Eduardo 
Published: January 2020

This article aims to give an idea of the stages through which the teaching of programming has passed in the ESPOCH, Industrial Engineering School, with the support of ICTs. We describe each stage, making known the results obtained after its application. In the real environment where we are with students, a diagnosis is made first, to then show the work done. The purpose is to use this principle reflecting the actions to be carried out as well as the results we expect.
Resumen: Este artículo pretende dar una idea de las etapas por las cuales ha transcurrido la enseñanza de la programación en la ESPOCH, Carrera de Ingeniería Industrial, con el apoyo de las TICs. Describimos cada etapa, dando a conocer los resultados obtenidos tras su aplicación. En el medio real donde estamos con estudiantes, se hace primero un diagnóstico, para luego mostrar el trabajo realizado. El propósito es utilizar este principio reflejando las acciones a realizarse así como los resultados que esperamos.
Un análisis alternativo sobre las legítimas a partir del estudio comparado del Derecho de sucesiones español y filipino
Authors: De Torres Perea José Manuel 
Published: January 2020

Este artículo se divide en dos partes bien diferenciadas. En la primera realizamos un estudio comparativo del derecho de sucesiones tanto en el Código Civil español como en el filipino. Se trata de dos ordenamientos muy similares, por lo que centramos nuestro estudio en las más relevantes diferencias entre ambos.En la segunda parte se realiza un análisis distinto al tradicional. No se trata de evaluar los conflictos entre los distintos legitimarios, entre la libertad de testar y el límite que suponen las legítimas; un estudio basado en el individualismo y en los intereses de cada individuo. Por el contrario nuestra perspectiva es filosófica y sociológica. De hecho estudiamos la conveniencia de mantener, reducir o suprimir el sistema de legítimas, atendiendo a razones que trascienden el mero positivismo. Se trata de construir nuestra crítica o propuesta a partir de cimientos fundados en argumentos filosóficos. Es cierto que el Derecho Civil está ideado como un mecanismo para resolver conflictos entre individuos, en el que rige el “ius suum cuique tribuere”. Sin embargo, no debe obviarse ni la función social de la propiedad, ni el hecho de que el legislador debería tener como deber la creación de un marco normativo suficiente para que la sociedad pueda evolucionar, coadyuvando a su mejora: sobre ese marco es este estudio.Recibido: 25.10.2019Aceptado: 21.11.2019Publicación en línea: 31.12.2019
La limitación a la deducibilidad de los gastos financieros en el Impuesto sobre Sociedades: Evolución y análisis comparativo
Authors: Martínez Martínez Irene 
Published: January 2020

El presente trabajo tiene por objeto dar una visión de la evolución en el tratamiento legal de la limitación a la deducibilidad de los gastos financieros como medio para evitar la elusión fiscal, tanto a nivel supranacional, como nacional y, más concretamente, foral, así como analizar las cuestiones más problemáticas que surgen de la aplicación de esta limitación. En la actualidad, es patente la preocupación de los países de la OCDE y de otros organismos supranacionales por el fraude fiscal y la elusión de impuestos, fenómenos que se han generado como productos derivados de la globalización y que utilizan los gastos financieros como una de sus herramientas más habituales por la facilidad con la que permite el traslado de bases imponibles a territorios de menor o nula tributación.Recibido: 21.10.2019 Aceptado: 18.11.2019 Publicación en línea: 31.12.2019
Causes and main routes of the mass immigration to Europe in 2015
Authors: Sobczyński Marek 
Published: January 2020

The flow of immigrants into Europe is a phenomenon commonly known since the end of the Second World War. To a large extent it was the result of a colonial and then post-colonial relationship between metropolises and their overseas territories. Migration movements in Europe intensified after 1989 along with systemic changes in the eastern part of the continent. The phenomenon of increased migration to Europe observed since March 2015 combines both processes: economic migration, which undoubtedly dominates in terms of number, and exiles, of a much smaller scale, but given as the cause of migration by almost all migrants. A new phenomenon is the fact that a large part of migrants constitutes uncontrolled migration, which in previous years was marginal. In 2015, asylum applications were submitted in EU countries by as many as 1.25 million people. The influx of refugees to Europe has become not only a demographic phenomenon, but also a political one, evoking strong political emotions. Mass migrations also seem to be an instrument of international policy implementation by key world powers. The main purpose of the article was to present the background of the mass migration to Europe that took place in 2015. The main reasons for the decision to emigrate by the citizens of origin countries were shown, as well as the routes by which refugees flow into Europe.
Anti-liberal, anti-establishment or constituency-driven? Spatial econometric analysis of polish parliamentary election results in 2015
Authors: Lasoń Aleksandra , Torój Andrzej 
Published: January 2020

We investigated the spatial variation patterns of voting results in Polish parliamentary election in 2015 across 380 regions. That election was a milestone event in Polish politics that substantially affected Poland’s internal and foreign policy directions and promoted two emerging political parties as runners-up against the well-established ones. While socio-economic, cultural and geographical factors such as economic activity, historical legacies (post-Russian East vs post-German West) and economic dichotomies (cities vs the countryside) explain most variations for most parties, they do not appeared to fit as determinants of the new parties’ support, especially of right-wing populists. Demographic target groups of individual parties appear to be relatively unresponsive to their pre-election offerings. The spatial specification of econometric models considerably improves their statistical properties. We also examined mixed-W models to account for the unobservable spatial effects stemming from the construction of constituencies. Their distinctive sets of candidates added significantly to the explanation of the spatial variation in voting.
Russian Trial ALGORITHM: Implementation of Combined Antihypertensive and Hypolipidemic Treatment for Clinical Efficacy Achievement in Routine Clinical Practice
Authors: Napalkov D. A. 
Published: January 2020

Aim. To study the clinical outcomes (achievement of target blood pressure [BP]) and tolerability of antihypertensive and hypolipidemic therapy with fixed combinations of indapamide/perindopril, amlodipine/perindopril, amlodipine/indapamide/perindopril and rosuvastatin in patients with hypertension and high/very high cardiovascular risk in real clinical practice.Material and methods. The study included 16,788 patients from 104 cities of the Russian Federation. The duration of observation was 12 weeks. All patients had three monitoring visits. BP level was measured twice during the visits: the arithmetic mean of the obtained parameters was calculated. The results of the study were analyzed and presented by descriptive statistics.Results. The average age of the patients was 60.6±10.2 years; 42.2% of the patients were men and 57.8% women. Patients who demonstrated systolicdiastolic hypertension (BP>140/90 mm Hg) at the initial visit accounted for 73.9% (n=12,413) of the total number of participants. The average level of systolic BP at the inclusion into the study was 162.94±13.07 mm Hg, the level of diastolic BP was 93.43±8.61 mm Hg. As expected, the Russian population consists of over 90% of patients with very high (57%; n=9,586) and high (35.9%; n=6,022) additional cardiovascular risk. Despite the fact that the overwhelming majority of patients with hypertension had a high and very high additional risk, more than a third of patients received monotherapy to control their BP level (36.8%; n=6,182), while 13.8% of patients (n=2,321) had never received antihypertensive therapy before. According to the results of therapy with combination drugs based on perindopril, 92.7% of patients managed to reach the target BP levels of <140/90 mm Hg. After treatment the average level of systolic BP decreased from 162.94±13.07 mm Hg to 127.80±7.56 mm Hg, and the level of diastolic BP – from 93.43±8.61 mm Hg to 78.54±5.59. Adherence to the treatment in more than 97% of cases was recognized as very high and high. Only 10 adverse events were recorded on a large sample of patients during 12 weeks of treatment.Conclusion. In the Russian population, 73.9% of patients with hypertension and high/very high risk do not achieve the target BP levels. Application of combined therapy based on fixed combinations with perindopril allows achieving effective BP control in 93% of patients with hypertension having high and very high risk during 12 weeks with good tolerability of treatment.
Characteristics of Patients with Reproducible Masked Hypertension and its Diagnosis Approach
Authors: Smirnova М. I. , Gorbunov V. M. , Koshelyaevskaya Ya. N. , Deev A. D. , Volkov D. A. , Furman N. V. , Dolotovskaya P. V. 
Published: January 2020

Background. Early diagnostics of masked hypertension (MH) is one of the key problems in modern cardiology due to the association of this blood pressure (BP) phenotype with doubled cardiovascular risk in comparison with normotension (NT). The current hypertension guidelines list numerous conditions, when the ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) is desirable in patients with normal office BP. However this list does not represent clearly defined, agreed and approved indications for ABPM as a diagnostic tool for MH.Aim. To develop a method of MH diagnostics for the use in routine clinical practice based on the comparing characteristics of patients with reproducible MH vs NT.Material and methods. The patients were selected from two trials that used ABPM (n=1778). The selection criteria included age 40-79 years, office BP<140/90 mm Hg, the absence of “hypertension” diagnosis or antihypertensive drug intake, and available results of two examinations (winter and summer): standard questionnaire, information about family history, chronic diseases and drug intake, height, weight, office and orthostatic BP and ABPM. We used the following definition of MH: elevated ambulatory BP (24-hour ≥130 and/or 80 mm Hg, daytime ≥135 and/or 85 mm Hg, or nighttime ≥120 and 70 mmHg) registered at both visits.Results. In total, 153 patients with reproducible (both winter and summer) BP phenotype were included: 127 with MH, and 26 with NT (mean age 49.1Ѓ}7.8 years, 36.1% males). In multivariate analysis, reproducible MH was associated with body mass index (β2.097; p<0.0001), office diastolic BP (β2.152; p<0.0001), orthostatic systolic BP (β1.031; p<0.023) and orthostatic heart rate (β0.773; p=0.19). These parameters were used in the original “MH coefficient” formula.Conclusions. MH is often found in patients with normal and optimal office BP and without “hypertension” diagnosis. The method described in the article helps to detect MH with high probability and define the individual indications for ABPM. The MH phenomenon in the category of patients warrants further investigation.