bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of species-specific SCAR markers for identification and authentication of three rare Peninsular Malaysian endemic Coelogyne (Orchidaceae) orchids
Authors: Kok Hon Yoh , Yong Christina Seok-Yien , Abdullah Janna Ong , Go Rusea 
Published: September 2020

Background: Coelogyne kaliana, Coelogyne stenochila and Coelogyne tiomanensis are three valuable rare orchid species endemic to Peninsular Malaysia, currently rampantly traded illegally via the internet and through local nurseries, which label them as hybrids to avoid enforcement detection. Drastic measures to ensure the continued existence of their populations in the wild should be introduced as they are rapidly diminishing into extinction, including the development of rapid and accurate species-specific identification tools. These three orchid species are highly similar morphologically and currently it is impossible to distinguish among them without their reproductive structures. Methods: RAPD-based species-specific SCAR markers were developed to distinguish and authenticate the identity of these three endemic Peninsular Malaysian Coelogyne species. Results: Three SCAR markers were successfully developed in this study. SCAR marker primer pair, CKL_f / CKL_r was specific to C. kaliana as it produced a unique single band of 271 bp but not in C. stenochila and C. tiomanensis. SCAR marker primer pair CST_f / CST_r amplified a single band of 854 bp in C. stenochila and two bands of different sizes (372 bp and 858 bp) in C. tiomanensis, but no amplification in C. kaliana. The third SCAR marker primer pair, CTI_f / CTI_r produced a single band (about 500 bp) for both C. stenochila and C. tiomanensis, but showed no amplification in C. kaliana. Conclusions: Although not all these SCAR markers were species amplification specific, they could be used to discriminate among the three Coelogyne species effectively. Accurate species identification is one of the most important steps to allow a proper management plan to be established in the effort to conserve these three endangered orchid species of Peninsular Malaysia. Besides, it could effectively put a stop to the illegal trading of these rare endangered orchid species worldwide.
Representações Sociais de Universitários com Deficiência Física sobre a Sexualidade das Pessoas com Deficiência
Authors: Carvalho Alana Nagai Lins de , Silva Joilson Pereira da 
Published: September 2020

O principal objetivo deste estudo foi identificar e analisar as representações sociais de universitários com deficiência física, sobre a sexualidade das pessoas com deficiência. Participaram voluntariamente 10 acadêmicos com deficiência física, de ambos os sexos, com idade igual ou superior a 18 anos, que foram submetidos a um roteiro de entrevista semiestruturado, associado a um questionário sociodemográfico. A análise foi desenvolvida através do software Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaire (IRAMUTEQ) por meio de uma Classificação Hierárquica Descendente (CHD) e da estatística descritiva com uso do pacote estatístico Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). O dendrograma apresentou como resultados o conceito e a vivência da sexualidade, a participação familiar, a importância dada ao corpo, a construção da identidade como pessoa com deficiência e os seus direitos. Sendo assim, as representações sociais sobre a sexualidade das pessoas com deficiência reportaram a duas perspectivas: subjetiva e social.
Watt-level efficient 2.3  µm thulium fluoride fiber laser
Authors: Tyazhev Aleksey , Starecki Florent , Cozic Solenn , Loiko Pavel , Guillemot Lauren , Braud Alain , Joulain Franck , Tang Mincheng , Godin Thomas , Hideur Ammar , Camy Patrice 
Published: September 2020

We report on an efficient mid-infrared thulium (Tm) fiber laser operating on the

3

H

4

→

3

H

5

transition and featuring an upconversion pumping scheme. This laser comprises a heavily

T
m

3
+

-doped (2.50 mol. %) zirconium fluoride glass fiber pumped by a tunable Yb fiber laser around 1.05 µm corresponding to the

3

F

4

→

3

F

2
,
3

excited-state absorption transition. The laser generates 1.24 W at 2269–2282 nm with a slope efficiency of 37% in the quasi-continuous-wave regime. The Tm-glass fiber exhibits a broadband

3

H

4

→

3

H

5

emission with a bandwidth of 173 nm, making it very promising for femtosecond fiber oscillators at

∼

2.3

µ

m

.
Quality of life of alcohol-dependent adults
Authors: Čuček Trifkovič Klavdija , Kores Plesničar Blanka , Kobolt Alenka , Denny Margaret , Denieffe Suzanne , Cilar Leona 
Published: September 2020

Introduction: Alcohol dependence is the most prevalent addiction disorder that develops gradually as an interplay of individual and social factors. It impacts the quality of life of affected individuals. The purpose of this study was to examine the quality of life of alcohol-dependent people at different stages of treatment compared to individuals without alcohol dependence.Methods: A mixed-methods study was conducted. First, a cross-sectional study (n = 502) was conducted using a validated Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire (Q-LES-Q). Focus groups for subjective quality of life assessment were also conducted. Data were analysed using descriptive and inference methods (Mann Whitney U Test) with the SPSS, version 20 programme.Results: Non-dependent participants are significantly more satisfied with each of the quality of life component than alcohol-dependent participants. Differences were demonstrated in a sense of well-being and leisure-time activities. Differences between alcohol-dependent and non-dependent participants were seen in the domains of physical health, work satisfaction and social relationships.Discussion and conclusion: Alcohol-dependent participants reported a lower quality of life than non-alcohol dependent participants as alcohol dependents confront numerous problems associated with their dependence. There is a need for further research in the field of alcohol dependence in relation to the quality of life.
Long-Term Characterization of Hippocampal Remapping during Contextual Fear Acquisition and Extinction
Authors: Schuette Peter J. , Reis Fernando M. C. V. , Maesta-Pereira Sandra , Chakerian Meghmik , Torossian Anita , Blair Garrett J. , Wang Weisheng , Blair Hugh T. , Fanselow Michael S. , Kao Jonathan C. , Adhikari Avishek 
Published: September 2020

Hippocampal CA1 place cell spatial maps are known to alter their firing properties in response to contextual fear conditioning, a process called “remapping.” In the present study, we use chronic calcium imaging to examine remapping during fear retrieval and extinction of an inhibitory avoidance task in mice of both sexes over an extended period of time and with thousands of neurons. We demonstrate that hippocampal ensembles encode space at a finer scale following fear memory acquisition. This effect is strongest near the shock grid. We also characterize the long-term effects of shock on place cell ensemble stability, demonstrating that shock delivery induces several days of high fear and low between-session place field stability, followed by a new, stable spatial representation that appears after fear extinction. Finally, we identify a novel group of CA1 neurons that robustly encode freeze behavior independently from spatial location. Thus, following fear acquisition, hippocampal CA1 place cells sharpen their spatial tuning and dynamically change spatial encoding stability throughout fear learning and extinction.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe hippocampus contains place cells that encode an animal's location. This spatial code updates, or remaps, in response to environmental change. It is known that contextual fear can induce such remapping; in the present study, we use chronic calcium imaging to examine inhibitory avoidance-induced remapping over an extended period of time and with thousands of neurons and demonstrate that hippocampal ensembles encode space at a finer scale following electric shock, an effect which is enhanced by threat proximity. We also identify a novel group of freeze behavior-activated neurons. These results suggest that, more than merely shuffling their spatial code following threat exposure, place cells enhance their spatial coding with the possible benefit of improved threat localization.
Mental Health and Timing of Gender-Affirming Care
Authors: Sorbara Julia C. , Chiniara Lyne N. , Thompson Shelby , Palmert Mark R. 
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND:
Gender-incongruent (GI) youth have high rates of mental health problems. Although gender-affirming medical care (GAMC) provides psychological benefit, some GI youth present to care at older ages. Whether a relationship exists between age of presentation to GAMC and mental health difficulties warrants study.

METHODS:
A cross-sectional chart review of patients presenting to GAMC. Subjects were classified a priori as younger presenting youth (YPY) (&lt;15 years of age at presentation) or older presenting youth (OPY) (≥15 years of age). Self-reported rates of mental health problems and medication use were compared between groups. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify determinants of mental health problems. Covariates included pubertal stage at presentation, social transition status, and assigned sex.

RESULTS:
Of 300 youth, there were 116 YPY and 184 OPY. After presentation, more OPY than YPY reported a diagnosis of depression (46% vs 30%), had self-harmed (40% vs 28%), had considered suicide (52% vs 40%), had attempted suicide (17% vs 9%), and required psychoactive medications (36% vs 23%), with all P &lt; .05. After controlling for covariates, late puberty (Tanner stage 4 or 5) was associated with depressive disorders (odds ratio 5.49; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.14–26.32) and anxiety disorders (odds ratio 4.18 [95% CI: 1.22–14.49]), whereas older age remained associated only with psychoactive medication use (odd ratio 1.31 [95% CI: 1.05–1.63]).

CONCLUSIONS:
Late pubertal stage and older age are associated with worse mental health among GI youth presenting to GAMC, suggesting that this group may be particularly vulnerable and in need of appropriate care.
Tripping over the other: Could psychedelics increase empathy?
Authors: Blatchford Emily , Bright Stephen , Engel Liam 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThere is increasing evidence that psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy is effective for a range of psychological conditions. There are likely numerous mechanisms of action that contribute to these clinical effects. One such mechanism of action might involve psychedelics increasing levels of empathic functioning. This paper synthesises research concerning the relationship between psychedelics and empathy, emphasising neuroscientific and clinical contexts. We conclude that neuropsychological and clinical evidence imply psychedelics could lead to increased empathic functioning. The effects of psychedelics on the 5-HT system, default mode network, neural connectivity and ego dissolution are implicated in these changes. Changes in empathic functioning also likely relate to increases in the personality trait of openness associated with psychedelic drug use, which is well documented. Increased empathic function likely has clinical implications, leading to increased social connectedness as well as prosocial attitudes and behaviours more broadly.
Culture and psychedelic psychotherapy: Ethnic and racial themes from three Black women therapists
Authors: Williams Monnica T. , Reed Sara , George Jamilah 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPsychedelic medicine is an emerging field of research and practice that examines the psychotherapeutic effects of substances classified as hallucinogens on the human mind, body, and spirit. Current research explores the safety and efficacy of these substances for mental health disorders including anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Although current studies explore psychotherapeutic effects from a biomedical perspective, gaps in awareness around cultural issues in the therapeutic process are prominent. African Americans have been absent from psychedelic research as both participants and researchers, and little attention has been paid to the potential of psychedelics to address traumas caused by racialization. This paper examines cultural themes and clinical applications from the one-time use of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) as part of an US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved clinical trial and training exercise for three African American female therapists. The primary themes that emerged across the varied experiences centered on strength, safety, connection, and managing oppression/racialization. The participants' experiences were found to be personally meaningful and instructive for how Western models of psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy could be more effective and accessible to the Black community. Included is a discussion of the importance of facilitator training to make best use of emerging material when it includes cultural, racial, and spiritual themes. A lack of knowledge and epistemic humility can create barriers to treatment for underserved populations. Implications for future research and practice for marginalized cultural groups are also discussed, including consideration of Functional Analytic Psychotherapy (FAP) as an adjunct to the psychedelic-therapy approaches currently advanced. As women of color are among the most stigmatized groups of people, it is essential to incorporate their perspectives into the literature to expand conversations about health equity.
Overview History of Nederlandsch-Indie Maritime Law in Twentieth Century Batavia
Authors: Kurniawan Rendy 
Published: September 2020

This study is aimed at sketching out one of the outstanding influence from Dutch to Nusantara. It was the forming of the maritime law which known as scheepvaart aangelegenheden in Batavia that becomes the focus of this study. By doing this, the Dutch government had its own regulation to control each port centralizing in Batavia. With this regulation, the Dutch government could deal with the busy ports in Nederlandsch Indie much easier than before. This study is applying a qualitative method which involves documents and law manuscript discussion. The result shows that although a number of articles in the law had strongly influenced by Nusantara’s local kingdoms, there were still many various important things. Keywords: dutch government, maritime law, local kingdom, Batavia
Application of Cluster Analysis with Fuzzy Logic Elements for Ground Environment Assessment of Robotic Group
Authors: Kochetkov Mihail , Korolkov Dmitry , Petrov Vladimir , Petrov Oleg , Terentev Alexey , Simonov Sergey 
Published: September 2020

Emergency situations, that cause risks for human life and health, dictate elevated requirements to completeness and accuracy of the presentation of information about current ground environment. Modern robotic systems include sensors, that operate on different physical principles. This causes incrementation of information entering control system. Computing resources and technical capabilities of robotic systems are limited in range and detection probabilities of appearing objects. In case of insufficient performance of the on-board computer system and high uncertainties of ground environment, robotic systems are not able to perform without combining information from robotic group and producing a single view of ground environment. Complex information from a group of robotic systems occurs in real time and a non-deterministic environment.
To solve the problem of identifying attribute vectors related to a single object, as well as to evaluate the effectiveness of obtained solutions, is possible using known formulas of the theory of statistical hypothesis testing and probability theory only under the normal distribution law with the known mathematical expectation of an attribute vector and a correlation matrix. However, these conditions are usually not met in practice. Problems also arise when methods of nonparametric statistics are used with an unknown law of probability distribution.
The new method of identifying attribute vectors is proposed, that does not rely on a statistical approach and, therefore, does not require knowledge of the type of distribution law and the values of its parameters. Proposed method is based on the idea of combining cluster analysis and fuzzy logic, and is relatively simple to the basic methods of multidimensional nonparametric statistics.
The results of modeling information processes are presented. The advantages of proposed method are shown. The comparative values for the number of false recognitions are given. The recommendations are given for constructing fuzzy inference rules when creating an expert system knowledge base.
New Paradigm in Abilitation of Premature Children with Perinatal Pathology — Therapeutic Stages Personalization: Cohort Study
Authors: Baranov Alexander A. , Namazova-Baranova Leyla S. , Belyaeva Irina A. , Turti Tatiana V. , Vishneva Alexey A. , Molodchenkov Alexey I. 
Published: September 2020

Background. The abilitation of premature infants acquires importance due to the increased prevalence of delayed health disorders in these children. The article considers the issues of individualization of rehabilitation treatment for premature infants according to prediction of perinatal pathology outcomes, determining the individual levels of «abilitation windows» and developing personalized abilitation programs.Objective. The aim of the study was to determine individual timely sensitive ontogenesis stages («abilitation windows») for premature children with various perinatal pathology, as well as the most effective methods of rehabilitation treatment according to the maturity of the child and the type of neurosomatic deficiency.Methods. Two-stage cohort study of premature children with gestational age of 250–6–300–6 weeks was conducted. Stage 1 — retrospective analysis of «abilitation windows» in 115 premature children, development of prognostic scenarios. Stage 2 — prospective cohort study of 109 premature children, using abilitation methods in this cohort according to predicted events and estimation of abilitation efficacy. Medical interventions: familyoriented educational counseling, kinesiotherapy, physiotherapy, neuroprotectors, music therapy.Results. Information matrixes on filling ontogenetic abilitation periods have been developed, as well as age limits for «abilitation windows» have been defined on the 1st stage. Sensitive interval has been established for the use of stimulating effects in extremely immature children (postconceptional age of 34–37 weeks). The leading role of abilitation protective measures has been identified. Perinatal pathology outcomes have been analyzed in children from retrospective analysis group. Direct abilitation of premature children (from birth to 18 months) was carried out on the 2nd stage of the study according to probability forecasts. The priority of non-drug abilitation methods usage in immature children was confirmed. The need in step-by-step dynamic correction of abilitation programs was established.Conclusion. Prognostic significance of perinatal period events and individual postconceptional age in «abilitation windows» development for premature children was determined. The priority of non-drug abilitation for such patients (including family-oriented pedagogics) is established.
Resolution of the International meeting of experts on the exchange of scientific experience in the use of anticoagulants in patients with COVID-19
Authors: Avdeev S. N. , Bazarova A. V. , Baranova E. I. , Esayan A. M. , Zhusupova G. K. , Zamyatin M. N. , Zotova I. V. , Kasenova S. L. , Matskeplishvili S. T. , Miller O. N. , Pak A. M. , Salukhov V. V. , Tyrenko V. V. , Khasanova D. R. , Shamalov N. A. , Yanishevsky S. N. 
Published: September 2020

С целью получения экспертного мнения по вопросам, связанным с актуальностью, протоколами и режимами антитромботической терапии у пациентов с COVID-19 на госпитальном и амбулаторном этапах лечения 25 июля 2020г была проведена Международная он-лайн встреча экспертов по научному обмену опытом.Группа экспертов различных специальностей (кардиологи, неврологи, эндокринологи, анестезиологи-реаниматологи), имеющих клинический опыт лечения пациентов с COVID-19, ответила на вопросы, касающиеся использования антикоагулянтов на различных этапах оказания помощи при COVID-19. Учитывая недостаточное количество структурированной научной информации, отсутствие рандомизированных контролируемых исследований в области использования антикоагулянтов у пациентов с COVID-19, наличие различных мнений в профессиональных медицинских сообществах было принято решение провести голосование с использованием Дельфийского метода экспертных оценок и прогнозирования. На первом этапе для экспертов формировались вопросы, которые касались нескольких областей терапии: тактика ведения больных, постоянно принимавших антикоагулянты до заболевания COVID-19, назначение антикоагулянтной терапии больным по поводу COVID-19 и особенности назначения антикоагулянтной терапии у больных с высоким риском венозной тромбоэмболии при COVID-19. После утверждения списка вопросов проводилось анонимное анкетирование экспертов вне очной встречи и затем обрабатывались полученные результаты, определяя обычное большинство при голосовании по каждому вопросу.
Long-Term Response to Intermittent Binimetinib in Patients withNRAS-Mutant Melanoma
Authors: Matter Alexandra Valeska , Micaletto Sara , Urner-Bloch Ursula , Dummer Reinhard , Goldinger Simone M. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMelanoma can be classified based on the detection of relevant oncogenic driver mutations. These mutations partially determine a patient's treatment options. MEK inhibitors have demonstrated little efficacy in patients with NRAS-mutated melanoma owing to primary and secondary resistance. We report two patients with NRAS-mutant metastatic melanoma with long-term response to intermittent MEK-inhibitor binimetinib therapy. Intermittent dosing schedules could play a key role in preventing resistance to targeted therapy. This article highlights the efficacy of an intermittent dosing schedule, toxicities associated with binimetinib, and possible mechanisms preventing resistance in targeted therapy. Intermittent MEK-inhibitor therapy may be considered in patients with NRAS-mutated melanoma that have failed all standard therapies.Key PointsMelanomas harbor NRAS mutations in 10%–30% of the cases. These mutations promote hyperactivation of the MAPK pathway, leading to proliferation and prolonged survival of tumor cells. Currently, drugs directly targeting NRAS are not available. Downstream inhibition of the MAPK pathway can be considered as a therapeutic option after immunotherapeutic failure. Intermittent administration of kinase inhibitors might be the way to partially overcome the development of drug resistance by (a) inducing a fitness deficit for drug-resistant cells on treatment break, (b) increasing the immunogenicity, and (c) inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. It also enhances expression of numerous immunomodulating molecules, and reduction of immunosuppressive factors, which suggests better access of the immune system to the tumor.