bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of natural fibre reinforced hybrid composites and its characterization
Authors: Kamaraj M , Periyasamy P , Ramanan N , Vellapan Sethu , Venkatasubramanian M A 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
An attempt was made in this study to fabricate natural fiber-strengthened epoxy composite material using hand-layup method. Four different natural fibers were used to develop the hybrid composites. The test specimens were prepared from the composites to carry out mechanical characterization according to the ASTM standard. Mechanical testing was performed to characterize the composites, namely tensile, flexural, impact and double shear. The results showed that Kevlar/Aloevera/palm/epoxy hybrid composite had superior mechanical properties relative to other hybrid composites. The tensile strength, flexural strength and load bearing capacity were increased by 50%, 14% and 54% respectively. To analyze the fracture surface of the tested samples, Scanning Electron Microscope was used. Fiber breakage and matrix cracking were the dominant failure mechanism of composites in tensile testing. Matrix cracking and delamination have been the dominant failure mechanism in impact testing.
Experimental and Numerical Studies on The Mechanical Characterization of Epdm/S-Sbr Nano Clay Composites
Authors: Mohamed Bak K. , Raj Kumar G , Ramasamy N , Vijayanandh R 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe present work is to investigate the effect of nanoclay loading on the blends of Ethylene-Propylene-Diene Monomer (EPDM)/Silica-Styrene-Butadiene-Rubber (S-SBR) nanocomposites through experimental and Finite Element analysis (FEA) studies. The nanocomposite specimens were prepared according to ASTM standard using open-mill mixer processing. The physical and mechanical properties of EPDM/S-SBR nanocomposites were determined by measuring the tensile and tear properties, swelling properties, compression set, hardness and abrasion resistance properties. In the tensile tests for tensile strengthening evaluation, the tensile properties of EPDM/S-SBR nanocomposite specimens have been measured at different temperatures using universal testing machine. From the hardness test, EPDM/S-SBR nanocomposites appears to be a good material for high temperature applications than polymer/clay nanocomposites. As per standards of ASTM D-395 and ASTM D-471, compression set and swelling test specimens were prepared for determining the mechanical properties. Hardness, compression set and swelling resistance of nanocomposites increased due to increasing content of nanoclay as well as rebound resilience decreased. The failure modes of fractured surface are observed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) for EPDM/S-SBR nanocomposite specimens. From the FEA results, the use of EPDM/S-SBR nanocomposite specimens provide better results for Von Mises stresses which are much higher than EPDM/nano-silica composite specimens.
Investigating suitability of natural fibre-based composite as an alternative to asbestos clutch facing material in dry friction clutch of automobiles
Authors: Sundarapandian G , Arunachalam K 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This paper aims to study experimentally the suitability of natural fiber based composite as a facing material in single plate dry friction clutch in automobiles by comparing their mechanical properties. The clutch which is an important component of automobile has advanced technologically over the period of time. At the same time, it has impacted environment because of its non-biodegradable material and is harmful to human health. Asbestos has been replaced by the materials like Kevlar, Ceramic, Feramic and Feram Alloy as friction material in single plate dry friction clutch by Original Equipment suppliers of automobiles. Meanwhile asbestos clutch facing is being sold in spare parts market and still used in reconditioning of old clutch plates. So, there is an urgent requirement to find a new environment friendly and non-hazardous dry friction clutch facing material. Therefore, this paper investigates the suitability of using Coconut Shell Powder/Coir/Epoxy Resin composite in the place of asbestos as clutch facing material by comparing their mechanical properties like tensile strength, compressive strength, hardness and flexural strength by conducting different tests on the composite material specimens fabricated in the laboratory with different ratios of ingredients.
Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm Based Optimization of Age Hardening for AA6063 Alloy
Authors: Sekhar Aluru Praveen , Nandy Supriya , Dey Swati , Datta Subhabrata , Das Debdulal 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The present article attempts to optimize the process parameters of artificial ageing for an AA6063 Al-Mg-Si alloy using multi-objective genetic algorithm (MOGA) to simultaneously achieve the maximum ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and percentage of elongation (%El). For this, a feed-forward multi-layered perceptron artificial neural network (ANN) has been developed which is trained by the scale conjugate gradient back propagation algorithm. The dataset required for the model has been compiled from the experimental results of this study, as well as, from the open literature. The network consists of solutionizing time and temperature, storage time/pre-ageing, rate of quenching, ageing time and temperature as input variables and UTS, %El as their outputs. The developed ANN model establishes the interrelationships between the input and output variables which can serve as objective functions for the optimization, following the theory of Pareto-optimality. The Pareto solution generated from MOGA between UTS and %El assists to conclude that the desired combination of high strength and ductility has been achieved through slow cooling after solutionizing, high pre-ageing time and high temperature of ageing. Furthermore, the designed heat treatment schedule through MOGA has been applied to the selected alloy on an experimental basis which shows satisfactory results.
Wear and corrosion behavior of electroless Ni-P- TiO2- Al2O3 nanocomposite coatings on magnesium AZ91D alloy
Authors: Krishnakumar V , Elansezhian R 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In this work, the effect of electroless Ni-P- TiO2- Al2O3 nanocomposite coatings on magnesium AZ91D alloy were investigated. Using Electroless coating, the Nickel phosphorus (Ni-P) were deposited on magnesium alloy with nano titania (TiO2) and alumina (Al2O3) particles at different concentrations (0.5-0.5),(1-1),(1.5-1.5),( 2-2) g/L. The influence of nanocomposite deposit on surface properties of the alloy was characterized by an optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive x-ray dispersive (EDS). Wear and corrosion rate were determined by pin-on-disc and salts spray apparatus. The findings reveal that the increased microhardness (613VHN100), low friction coefficient (0.22), and high wear resistance with a low specific wear rate of 1.3985x10-5mm3/Nm at an optimum concentration ((1.5-1.5) g/L of nanoparticles. Similarly, the corrosion rate at (1.5-1.5)g/L showed the lowest rate of 0.000196 MPY compared to other nano co-deposits. This increase in microhardness, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance is significantly depended on the incorporation of nanoparticles. However, the results showed a converse trend when the concentration of nanoparticles exceeded optimum concentration (1.5-1.5)g/L due to agglomeration.
Ballistic Impact analysis of 2D woven Kevlar/Basalt reinforced composite
Authors: Kalai Thendral K. , Abraham Antony D. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In defence industry, ballistic impact is common scenario occurs often. The materials used for making vests, automobile covering parts, aerospace parts affected due to impact of projectile. These materials should posses’ good impact strength and energy absorption for its damage resistance and providing safety for the industry. Usually Aramid fiber Kevlar used for its well-known impact strength [8]. Fiber alone creates expensive and usage the same under every condition subjected to less velocity impact can be diminished by Weaving Kevlar with Basalt. Thus, it is important to calculate its impact strength and energy absorption factor of reinforced composites. In this thesis, Kevlar is weaved with Basalt for its good resistance to impact and the ballistic impact test is carried out with structural steel projectile for studying its behaviour, impact strength and energy absorption. From the results, it is sufficient to conclude that usage of 2D woven Kevlar Basalt composite behaviour on the basis of woven pattern with impact of projectile.
Study of age hardening process on Al/SiC/Al2O3 hybrid composite
Authors: Reddy Kolli Balasivarama , Shaivinay Chiguluri , Jeevan Naidu T , Lekhaz Shri , Akula Nived 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Versatile properties of aluminium make it the most common metal used now a days and it is used in various sectors like automobile, aerospace, civil etc. When mixed with other materials, properties like high tensile strength with high strength to weight ratio, high wear resistance low density and low coefficient of thermal expansion can be obtained. Aluminium with SiC, B4c, etc. forms a wear resistance hybrid. Its application is mostly in the brake drum of the automobile sector. Brake shoe of the brake drum is manufactured of cast iron so therefore a detailed study is done on both the properties of cast iron as well as the Al/SIC/Al2O3 composite. These hybrids are also used in sectors like construction to construct light weight racks, claps etc. The Composition of the manufactured composite is varied and tested to get the best fit for brake drum. Various tests performed are tensile test, tribology test and scanning-electron microscope to analyse properties of hybrid composite. Performance of the manufacture composite is evaluated on the basis of wear test as wear resistance is the most effective property that a brake shoe should possess. The method used here for manufacturing the composite is stir casting.
Influence of core and matrix modifications on the mechanical characteristics of sandwich composites
Authors: Selwyn Jebadurai D , Razal Rose A 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Sandwich composites are increasingly being used for a variety of applications owing to excellent properties like high bending strength and stiffness, low strength-to-weight ratio and excellent damping and acoustic properties. However, there are certain issues faced while using sandwich structures for structural applications which includes debonding of face sheets from core, matrix cracking and core shear failure. In the current work, an effort is made to enhance the mechanical characteristics of sandwich composites by altering poly vinyl chloride (PVC) foam core and adding multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) to epoxy resin used as the matrix. Four different configurations of sandwich laminates were fabricated using vacuum bagging process: (1) plain core and neat epoxy resin (2) core with blind holes and neat epoxy resin (3) core with blind holes and epoxy resin with MWCNT (4) core with through holes and epoxy resin with MWCNT. Flexural and compression tests were carried out on these sandwich specimens according to American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM) standards. Sandwich specimens with through holes in the core and resin mixed with MWCNT exhibited better mechanical characteristics compared to the other sandwich laminates. Type 4 sandwich specimens were able to withstand 12% and 16% more flexural and compressive loads respectively compared to conventional sandwich specimens.
Characterization and Applications of Titanium alloy with Nickel and Niobium based Shape memory alloys by Molecular Dynamic Simulation–A review
Authors: Naresh G. , Rajasekaran G. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Characterization of Shape memory alloys using simulations like molecular dynamics (MD) approach is a difficult but at the same time it is an effective process. In this article, recent works on MD simulation of titanium-based shape memory alloys which can be used as nano sensors for sensing various properties like temperature, pressure and relative humidity were discussed. The accuracy of MD simulation is based on potentials like modified embedded atom method to study its mechanical behavior at different temperatures in atomic scale. Also, the force between individual particles of the alloy was calculated to determine the mechanical properties of shape memory alloys depending on the interparticle free space. Hence in this article authors were discussed various types of potentials and its effectiveness to characterize mechanical properties. Also, this article gives an overview of Nickel and Niobium based titanium alloy on various application.
Vibration Analysis Of Nitinol Shape Memory Alloy In Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer Composites
Authors: Manoj Samson R , Prakash M , Nirmal R , Vajpayee Gaurav 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Owing to high specific strength and stiffness, composites find wide applications in automobile and aerospace industry. In this paper, an attempt has been made to study the vibration characteristics of embedded shape memory alloy wire (SMA). Earlier, experimental modal analysis was carried out on the carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composite beams (CFRP beam) embedded with shape memory alloy wire manufactured by hand lay-up process. Increased levels of pre-strain up to 4% on shape memory alloy wire resulted in maximum increment in natural frequency when activated at 75°C. The experiment also investigates change in modal frequencies in CRPF plates embedded with the SMA wires. The selected pre-strain for experimentation was 4% pre-strain actuated at 75°C.
Wear performance of UHMWPE reinforced with basalt fibre for total disc replacement
Authors: Glad Stephen J Daniel , Prakash M 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
For total disc replacement (TDR), wear of the Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) bearing surface is the common cause for failure. Wear of UHMWPE plays an important role in determining the life span of TDR implants. In order to obtain materials with improved wear resistance and improved mechanical characteristics basalt fibre of 5wt. %, 10 wt. %, 15 wt. % and 20 wt. % is added with UHMWPE. The wear tests were conducted on a pin-on-disk tribometer. The specimens thus prepared were subjected to hardness tests, tensile testing and wear testing. The results indicated that the hardness increased with increasing percentages of basalt fibre content, and the tensile strength of the specimens increased until 15% of additive content and post that it decreased thereafter, Wear tests indicated a decrease in wear with increase in additive content as the coefficient of friction decreased considerably.
A Comparative Study of Sandwich and Hybrid Sandwich Composites using Jute and Kevlar Fibers
Authors: Ramprasath B , Murugesan R , banerjee Abhik , Anand Abhinav , Shashank  
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The use of sandwich composites has increased day by day in the structural applications due to high strength to weight ratio, high environmental resistance with good thermal insulation properties. Natural fiber, jute is biodegradable and eco-friendly in nature due to which these fibers are considered as an alternative to conventional materials. In this study jute and Kevlar fibers were used as reinforcement in epoxy matrix. The two different layers of composites using jute and Kevlar fibers with epoxy resin are prepared with a size of 300 X 300 X 1mm using hand layup process. The paper board honeycomb structure with a size of 300 X 300 X 12mm was placed in between layers of composites. In the first case, jute fibers were used to fabricate the two layers above and below the honeycomb structure to make sandwich composite. In the second case, combination of jute and Kevlar fibers were used to fabricate the two layers above and below the honeycomb structure to make the hybrid sandwich composite. The fabricated composites were tested for their mechanical properties like tensile, compressive, flexural, and impact strength. Results reveal that hybrid sandwich composites have superior tensile, impact and flexural strength compared to sandwich composites. The compressive strength remained unaltered in both the cases.
Design and evaluation of a Self-charging Battery electric two wheeler
Authors: Govindarajan NM , Kashyap VA , Siluvaimuthu S , Sethupathi PB , Chandradass J 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
With the world shifting to EVs from conventional fossil fuel run automobiles, there should exist a mediator to effectively make this switch effortless and smooth, atleast to overcome range anxiety and the resistance to use new technology. Therefore, we propose a self- charging HEV and not a complete PHEV. Since the Indian automobile market comprises of mostly two-wheelers that make up 50% of the total sales, it is a good platform to introduce a hybrid powertrain. Key factors are that it should be cheap, easy to run and maintain, highly fuel efficient and should give good performance than its traditional ICE only counterparts. The main idea for this paper is from old diesel-electric locomotives that used a rudimentary hybrid layout to put power to the wheels via an electric motor. Our concept uses the same principle but optimised for a two-wheeler. The bike is powered by a single cylinder petrol or a single cylinder diesel engine that acts as a generator to power a battery which in turn powers a motor to drive the rear wheel. The older locomotives used traction motors to pull heavy loads, whereas our motorcycle can be set to a speed of high torque and low fuel consumption to increase its range which ultimately matters to the Indian consumer. The battery itself can be smaller to reduce the weight that is attributed to EVs. This kind of self-charging EV is especially useful in emerging EV markets like India who is planning a shift to EVs in the near future.
Rice husk ash based cementitious material for concrete canoe
Authors: Pradeep S , Deepak P , Dheepak S 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This article study about the properties of light weight concrete canoe using Rice husk ash, micro-silica and microsphere. Rice husk ash, an industrial by-product from boilers for parboiling rice, has been exposed as admixture to replace part of cement in structural mortar. Micro silica addition improves mechanical and durability behaviour in mortars. A microsphere is a lightweight, inert, hollow sphere made largely of silica and alumina and filled with air or inert gas, typically produced as a by-product of coal combustion at thermal power plants. In addition, as the rice husk ash comes from agricultural waste resources their use as secondary raw material will contributes to circularity in the economy. Parametric design of the hull form and internal arrangement of single rower canoe is designed. The Hull Design and stability analysis is done using MAXSURF software. Heel angle was targeted to achieve 60 degree and it had achieved up to 89 percentage. Strength analysis is carried out for the designed hull and then analysed. After finalized the mix design and the hull design, the mould is prepared. Finally, the canoe is casted and tested for stability.
Optimization of shopping product strategy using automatic billing and machine learning enabled smart trolley
Authors: Vidhya Kamala Lakshmi S , Elatchiya R V , Balamurugan S , Shanmugam Vignesh 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This paper is about a smart trolley (Fute cart–fute means smart, cart means trolley) which can provide fast and comfortable shopping experience to shopping customer. The trolley has attached barcode scanner to scan the products dropped, load cell to detect the weight of the products dropped and raspberry pi to integrate all these components using python. Fute cart is designed in such a way that it undergoes machine learning process with the history of data available. So with these data, it is possible to form relation between a product sale and its relative position in the shop. Also from the history of data, it is possible to categorise the products as complementary, mutually exclusive and dependent products based on the sequence based prediction. This kind of strategic arrangement and prediction increased the profit rate of the surveyed shop by 21%. The trolley also has theft detection system. Fute cart serves to be beneficial for both the customers and shopkeepers. It gives fast and informative shopping experience to the customers. Also for the shopkeeper, it reduces the cost of appointing an operator and it provides theft detection service and customer attractive product arrangement ideas.
Landmark Detection Using Squeeze and Excitation Residual Neural Networks
Authors: Uma M , Mugundhan Anirudh , Pooja  
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Landmark Recognition is the technology that can anticipate landmark names straightforwardly from picture pixels, to help individuals better comprehend and sort out their photograph accumulations and for law enforcement officials to gauge the location of images submitted as evidence. Image classifications techniques have shown remarkable improvements over the last few years. To further improve computer vision technologies and methodologies, researchers are now concentrating on highly specific types of classification. Instead of classifying cats, cars or buildings, researchers are trying to classify among different types of landmarks - both natural and man-made. In the present age, a tremendous roadblock in landmark recognition research is the lack of large, well labelled datasets. To rectify this, Google has come up with the Google Landmark Recognition Dataset. The dataset contains 1.2 million images of 15000 categories of landmarks. For the project, a subset of Google Landmark Recognition dataset has been used. Various latest classification algorithms, like AlexNet, ResNet, SE-ResNet, VGG-16 and Inception v3 have been implemented to classify the images. Among them, the SE-ResNet architecture achieves the lowest loss value of 0.1822 and accuracy of 94.08% on the training set.
Path Planning of an UAV with the Help of Lidar for Slam Application
Authors: Aakash C , Manoj Kumar V 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Today’s world there will be always a value for path planning. Be it the use of mobile robots such as UAVs, UGVs, USVs, etc., everything functions based on SLAM input. The input parameter can be extracted by any kind of sensors such as Kinect, LiDAR, etc. Here I am using RPLIDAR(LiDAR) as Sensor for UAV path generation. By getting a single Plan reading from lidar I will generate 3D mapping by a gazebo and visualize it by rviz in ROS. Here we use ROS as an interface of robot and sensor.