bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatial distribution and abundance of the by‐catch coastal elasmobranch Raja undulata: Managing a fishery after moratorium
Authors: Figueiredo Ivone , Maia Catarina , Carvalho Lucília 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe undulate ray Raja undulata Lacepède is a coastal species common along the north‐eastern Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea and is highly accessible to coastal fisheries. Between 2009 and 2015, the species was under a European Union (EU) fisheries moratorium that hampered the collection of data to assess its stock status in Portuguese waters. After that period, a small experimental EU fishing quota was set for Portugal enabling collection of fishery data under a fishermen self‐sampling scenario. Based on the data collected, R. undulata abundance was estimated along the Portuguese continental coast through the application of a N‐mixture model and incorporating environmental factors. The results support the species coastal and patchy nature across the study area with higher abundances estimated in areas associated with shallow sandy bottoms as the Southwest region. The present work constitutes an important step for the management of this fishery resource, in particular concerns about its abundance trends over time and its spatial distribution and habitat requirements.
Marine bird response to forage fish during winter in subarctic bays
Authors: Schaefer Anne Louise , Bishop Mary Anne , Thorne Richard 
Published: March 2020

AbstractDespite the importance of understanding marine bird response to prey fish, few studies have examined this relationship during winter. Over a 5‐year period, we conducted synoptic marine bird and hydroacoustic forage fish surveys during early (November) and late (March) winter to characterize the factors influencing marine bird and forage fish dynamics at two spatial scales (fish school and bay) within subarctic bays of coastal Alaska, USA. Over 40% of observed marine birds were associated with a fish school (within 150 m of a fish school), although only 20% of fish schools were associated with birds. Seasonally, we recorded significantly more schools during early winter. The marine bird community also shifted from being comprised primarily of marbled murrelets (Brachyramphus marmoratus) and large gulls (Larus spp.) in early winter to common murres (Uria aalge) in late winter. At the school level, marine birds were more likely to be associated with shallow fish schools within 500 m of shore and in smaller prey patches. At the bay level, gull abundance was positively associated with the total number of fish schools recorded, while diving birds were more abundant when fish schools were higher in the water column, in shallower bottom depths, and in areas with more eel grass habitat. Our results indicate the importance of temporal, habitat, and fish school variables as drivers of marine bird presence and abundance, underscoring the complexity of predator–prey dynamics in the marine environment during winter.
Examining the disconnect between prolactin and parental care in avian brood parasites
Authors: Lynch Kathleen S. , Louder Matthew I. M. , Friesen Caitlin N. , Fischer Eva K. , Xiang Angell , Steele Angela , Shalov Julia 
Published: March 2020

AbstractProlactin is often referred to as the “parental hormone” but there are examples in which prolactin and parental behavior are disconnected. One intriguing example is in avian obligate brood parasites; species exhibiting high circulating prolactin but no parental care. To understand this disconnect, we examined transcriptional and behavioral responses to prolactin in brown‐headed (Molothrus ater) and bronzed (M aeneus) brood parasitic cowbirds. We first examine prolactin‐dependent regulation of transcriptome wide gene expression in the preoptic area (POA), a brain region associated with parental care across vertebrates. We next examined prolactin‐dependent abundance of seven parental care‐related candidate genes in hypothalamic regions that are prolactin‐responsive in other avian species. We found no evidence of prolactin sensitivity in cowbirds in either case. To understand this prolactin insensitivity, we compared prolactin receptor transcript abundance between parasitic and nonparasitic species and between prolactin treated and untreated cowbirds. We observed significantly lower prolactin receptor transcript abundance in brown‐headed but not bronzed cowbird POA compared with a nonparasite and no prolactin‐dependent changes in either parasitic species. Finally, estrogen‐primed female brown‐headed cowbirds with or without prolactin treatment exhibited significantly greater avoidance of nestling begging stimuli compared with untreated birds. Taken together, our results suggest that modified prolactin receptor distributions in the POA and surrounding hypothalamic regions disconnect prolactin from parental care in brood parasitic cowbirds.
EXISTENCE OF STATIONARY EQUILIBRIUM IN AN INCOMPLETE‐MARKET MODEL WITH ENDOGENOUS LABOR SUPPLY
Authors: Zhu Shenghao 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn this article, I first study an income fluctuation problem with endogenous labor supply. Let β be the agent's time discount factor and be the constant gross rate of return on assets. For , I show that the agent's wealth either approaches infinity almost surely or converges to a finite level almost surely. For , I prove the existence, uniqueness, and stability of the stationary distribution of state variables. I then show the existence of the stationary general equilibrium in an incomplete‐market model with endogenous labor supply.
Nurses' and consumers' shared experiences of seclusion and restraint: A qualitative literature review
Authors: Hawsawi Tahani , Power Tamara , Zugai Joel , Jackson Debra 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSeclusion and restraint are coercive practices associated with physical and psychological harm. International bodies have called for an end to these practices. However, these practices continue to be used. Elimination programmes have had some success in reducing the rates of these practices. Understanding coercive practices through the perspectives of involved individuals may facilitate a complete cessation of seclusion and restraint from the practice. Therefore, this qualitative review explored how nurses and consumers experienced seclusion and restraint events in mental health care. Five databases were searched. The search strategy resulted in the inclusion of fourteen qualitative papers. A thematic analysis was used to synthesize the findings. Six themes emerged under three main categories; shared experiences: disruption in care, disruption in the therapeutic relationship and shared negative impacts; nurses’ experiences: Absence of less coercive alternatives; and consumers’ experiences: overpowered, humiliated and punished. Considering these experiences during planning for seclusion and restraint prevention might facilitate more effective implementation of seclusion and restraint elimination programmes. Our findings suggested that consumers should receive recovery‐oriented, trauma‐informed and consumer‐centred care; while nurses should be better supported through personal, professional and organizational developmental strategies. Further research should focus on investigating shared interventions among consumers and nurses and exploring carers’ experiences with coercive practices.
A data‐driven approach for predicting nepheline crystallization in high‐level waste glasses
Authors: Sargin Irmak , Lonergan Charmayne E. , Vienna John D. , McCloy John S. , Beckman Scott P. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractHigh‐level waste (HLW) glasses with high alumina content are prone to nepheline crystallization during the slow canister cooling that is experienced during large‐scale production. Because of its detrimental effects on glass durability, nepheline (NaAlSiO4) precipitation must be avoided; however, developing robust, predictive models for nepheline crystallization behavior in compositionally complex HLW glasses is difficult. Using overly conservative constraints to predict nepheline formation can limit the waste loading to lower than the achievable capacity. In this study, a robust data‐driven model using five compositional features has been developed to predict nepheline formation. A new descriptor is introduced called the “difference based on correlation”, which has higher accuracy compared to previous descriptors and also has more balanced false positive and false negative rates. The analysis of the model and the data show an overlap, instead of a distinct compositional boundary, between glasses that form and do not form nepheline. As a result, the model's predictive accuracy is not the same throughout the feature space and instead is dependent on the location of the glass composition in the dimensionally reduced feature space.
Situational insecurity versus entrenched ideologies as the source of right‐wing voters’ anti‐migrant sentiment on both sides of the Atlantic
Authors: Cheung‐Blunden Violet 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA popular explanation for the emergence of right‐wing populism is that perceived threats toward migrants triggered a wave of anti‐migrant sentiment. This kind of insecurity narrative paints ethnocentrism as a reaction to ongoing events rather than an entrenched belief that coexists with related right‐wing ideologies. A mediation model was constructed with an anti‐migrant sentiment as the outcome, a sense of insecurity as the mediator and a composite of right‐wing ideologies as predictors. Study 1 was conducted with 220 Americans and 231 Germans a few months after the Paris terrorist attack. Study 2, a preregistered replication, was conducted two years later on 151 British as well as 183 Spanish participants where both countries saw a recent terrorist attack on their own soil. A replicated finding across the four samples rejected insecurity as a mediator. In all samples, the indirect pathways showed the same weakness—while conservatives were risk averse, their sense of insecurity was not a linchpin to anti‐migrant sentiment. The significant direct pathways confirmed the integrity of the conservative belief system where anti‐migrant sentiment was best explained by related componential beliefs, such as right‐wing authoritarianism, nationalism, and neoliberalism. Concerns about terror threats and migrant crises seem to have been hijacked to sugarcoat the ideological nature of ethnocentrism, at least under the present threat scenarios. Suggestions are made to further examine the insecurity narrative in the future.
Investigating the potential for genetic improvement of nitrogen and phosphorus efficiency in a Swiss large white pig population using chemical analysis
Authors: Kasper Claudia , Ruiz‐Ascacibar Isabel , Stoll Peter , Bee Giuseppe 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPig production contributes to environmental pollution through excretion of phosphorus and nitrogenous compounds. European pig production requires annual imports of currently 36 million tons of soya bean, because domestic plant protein sources often do not meet the required protein quality. Most of the mineral phosphate sources are also imported. It is therefore desirable to improve nutrient deposition efficiency through selective breeding, that is to realise similar growth rates and carcass compositions as currently achieved but with a lower intake of dietary crude protein or phosphate. For a preliminary evaluation of the potential of selecting for increased nutrient deposition efficiency, we estimated genetic parameters for nitrogen and phosphorus efficiencies in a Swiss Large White pig population including 294 individuals. Nutrient efficiency phenotypes were obtained from wet‐chemistry analyses of pigs of various live weights. Heritability of nitrogen efficiency was estimated at 41%. Heritability of phosphorus efficiency was very low (0.3%), but positive genetic correlations with nitrogen efficiency suggest that breeding for nitrogen efficiency would positively affect phosphorus efficiency. Further studies are needed to improve the quality of estimates and to obtain accurate high‐throughput measures of nutrient efficiency to be implemented on farms.
Long non‐coding RNA‐H19 stimulates osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells via the microRNA‐149/SDF‐1 axis
Authors: Li Guangjie , Yun Xiangdong , Ye Kaishan , Zhao Haiyan , An Jiangdong , Zhang Xueliang , Han Xingwen , Li Yanhong , Wang Shuanke 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBone defects resulting from non‐union fractures or tumour resections are common clinical problems. Long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are reported to play vital roles in stem cell differentiation. The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of lncRNA‐H19 in osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs). Following the establishment of an osteogenic differentiation model in rats, the expression of H19, microRNA‐149 (miR‐149) and stromal cell‐derived factor‐1 (SDF‐1) was measured by RT‐qPCR. Thereafter, BMMSCs were isolated from rats and treated with a series of mimic, inhibitor or siRNA. SDF‐1 expression, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and osteocalcin (OCN) content were detected. The mineralized and calcified nodules were assessed by alizarin red S and Von Kossa staining. BMMSC surface markers were detected by flow cytometry. Western blot analysis was used to measure the expression of ALP, OCN, runt‐related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) and osterix (OSX) proteins. Lastly, dual‐luciferase reporter gene assay and RNA immunoprecipitation were applied to verify the relationship of H19, miR‐149 and SDF‐1. Overexpressed H19 and SDF‐1 and poorly expressed miR‐149 were found in rats with osteogenic differentiation. H19 increased SDF‐1 expression by binding to miR‐149. H19 enhanced ALP activity, OCN content, calcium deposit and ALP, OCN, RUNX2 and OSX protein expression of BMMSCS by up‐regulating SDF‐1 via binding to miR‐149. Taken together, up‐regulated H19 could promote the osteogenic differentiation of BMMSCs by increasing SDF‐1 via miR‐149.
Retracted: Long non‐coding RNA Sox2 overlapping transcript (SOX2OT) promotes multiple myeloma progression via microRNA‐143‐3p/c‐MET axis
Authors: Tianhua Yu , Dianqiu Li , Xuanhe Zhang , Zhe Zhang , Dongmei Gao 
Published: March 2020

AbstractLong non‐coding RNA Sox2 overlapping transcript (SOX2OT) was reported to be involved in progression of multiple cancers. However, the role and mechanism of SOX2OT in multiple myeloma (MM) has yet to be unravelled. In the present study, elevated SOX2OT levels are reported in MM cell lines and patient samples as compared to normal plasma cells (nPCs) and healthy donors, respectively. Knock‐down of SOX2OT led to a significant inhibition of cell proliferation, arrested cells at G0/G1 phase and induced cell apoptosis in MM samples in vitro, as well as slowed the growth of tumours in vivo. Additionally, our data indicated that SOX2OT functioned as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) in MM cells that regulated miR‐144‐3p expression. Repression of miR‐144‐3p reversed the inhibition of MM development due to SOX2OT knock‐down. Our data also revealed that SOX2OT regulated the expression of the cellular‐mesenchymal to epithelial transition factor (c‐MET, a known target of miR‐143‐3p) by functioning as a sponge of miR‐144‐3p in MM samples. These data support that SOX2OT promotes MM progression through regulating the miR‐144‐3p/c‐MET axis, suggesting that SOX2OT might be as a potential therapeutic target for MM.
Diagnostic accuracy of IL1β in saliva: The development of predictive models for estimating the probability of the occurrence of periodontitis in non‐smokers and smokers
Authors: Arias‐Bujanda Nora , Regueira‐Iglesias Alba , Blanco‐Pintos Triana , Alonso-Sampedro Manuela , Relvas Marta , González‐Peteiro Maria Mercedes , Balsa‐Castro Carlos , Tomás Inmaculada 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAimTo obtain salivary interleukin (IL) 1β‐based models to predict the probability of the occurrence of periodontitis, differentiating by smoking habit.Materials/MethodsA total of 141 participants were recruited, 62 periodontally healthy controls and 79 subjects affected by periodontitis. Fifty of the diseased patients were given non‐surgical periodontal treatment and showed significant clinical improvement in 2 months. IL1β was measured in the salivary samples using the Luminex instrument. Binary logistic regression models were obtained to differentiate untreated periodontitis from periodontal health (first modelling) and untreated periodontitis from treated periodontitis (second modelling), distinguishing between non‐smokers and smokers. The area under the curve (AUC) and classification measures were calculated.ResultsIn the first modelling, IL1β presented AUC values of 0.830 for non‐smokers and 0.689 for smokers (accuracy = 77.6% and 70.7%, respectively). In the second, the predictive models revealed AUC values of 0.671 for non‐smokers and 0.708 for smokers (accuracy = 70.0% and 75.0%, respectively).ConclusionSalivary IL1β has an excellent diagnostic capability when it comes to distinguishing systemically healthy patients with untreated periodontitis from those who are periodontally healthy, although this discriminatory potential is reduced in smokers. The diagnostic capacity of salivary IL1β remains acceptable for differentiating between untreated and treated periodontitis.
Associated evolution of fruit size, fruit colour and spines in Neotropical palms
Authors: Nascimento Lucas Ferreira do , Guimarães Paulo R. , Onstein Renske E. , Kissling W. Daniel , Pires Mathias M. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractUnderstanding how ecological interactions have shaped the evolutionary dynamics of species traits remains a challenge in evolutionary ecology. Combining trait evolution models and phylogenies, we analysed the evolution of characters associated with seed dispersal (fruit size and colour) and herbivory (spines) in Neotropical palms to infer the role of these opposing animal–plant interactions in driving evolutionary patterns. We found that the evolution of fruit colour and fruit size was associated in Neotropical palms, supporting the adaptive interpretation of seed‐dispersal syndromes and highlighting the role of frugivores in shaping plant evolution. Furthermore, we revealed a positive association between fruit size and the presence of spines on palm leaves, bracteas and stems. We hypothesize that interactions between palms and large‐bodied frugivores/herbivores may explain the evolutionary relationship between fruit size and spines. Large‐bodied frugivores, such as extinct megafauna, besides consuming the fruits and dispersing large seeds, may also have consumed the leaves or damaged the plants, thus simultaneously favouring the evolution of large fruits and defensive structures. Our findings show how current trait patterns can be understood as the result of the interplay between antagonistic and mutualistic interactions that have happened throughout the evolutionary history of a clade.
Application of waterborne rosin polymer coating for preserving strawberry during storage
Authors: Xu Jia‐li , Gao Hong , Zhang Hai‐bo , Yao Shu‐feng , Wang Dan , Shang Shi‐bin 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA water‐soluble rosin polymer (RP) was prepared via polymerization of rosin and maleic anhydride. The structure of the RP was characterized via Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and gel permeation chromatography. The RP was used as a film‐forming agent on strawberries to improve their postharvest quality at room temperature. The effectiveness of this treatment was evaluated based on the impact of the RP coating on the following parameters: weight loss, total soluble solids (TSS), firmness, respiration rate, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, anthocyanin content, and total phenolic content (TPC). The samples that coated with the RP exhibited delayed respiration and loss of firmness compared with the control. Correspondingly, the samples coated with the RP had lower weight loss (14.78%), MDA content (8.13 × 10−2 μmol/g), anthocyanin content (37.86 mg/100 g), TPC (3.41 × 10−4 mg/100 g), and higher TSS (8.09%). The results indicated that the RP preservative could effectively maintain the freshness of fruits.
Intestinal microbiota and its association with colon cancer and red/processed meat consumption
Authors: Abu‐Ghazaleh Nadine , Chua Weng Joe , Gopalan Vinod 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe human colon harbors a high number of microorganisms that were reported to play a crucial role in colorectal carcinogenesis. In the recent decade, molecular detection and metabolomic techniques have expanded our knowledge on the role of specific microbial species in promoting tumorigenesis. In this study, we reviewed the association between microbial dysbiosis and colorectal carcinoma (CRC). Various microbial species and their association with colorectal tumorigenesis and red/processed meat consumption have been reviewed. The literature demonstrated a significant abundance of Fusobacterium nucleatum, Streptococcus bovis/gallolyticus, Escherichia coli, and Bacteroides fragilis in patients with adenoma or adenocarcinoma compared to healthy individuals. The mechanisms in which each organism was postulated to promote colon carcinogenesis were collated and summarized in this review. These include the microorganisms' ability to adhere to colon cells; modulate the inhibition of tumor suppressor genes, the activations of oncogenes, and genotoxicity; and activate downstream targets responsible for angiogenesis. The role of these microorganisms in conjugation with meat components including N‐nitroso compounds, heterocyclic amines, and heme was also evident in multiple studies. The outcome of this review supports the role of red meat consumption in modulating CRC progression and the possibility of gut microbiome influencing the relationship between CRC and diet. The study also demonstrates that microbiota analysis could potentially complement existing screening methods when detecting colonic lesions.
Phytohormone dynamics in developing endosperm influence rice grain shape and quality
Authors: Zhang Xiao‐Fan , Tong Jian‐Hua , Bai Ai‐Ning , Liu Chun‐Ming , Xiao Lang‐Tao , Xue Hong‐Wei 
Published: March 2020

AbstractHormones are important signaling molecules regulating developmental processes and responses to environmental stimuli in higher plants. Rice endosperm, the portion of the seed surrounding the embryo, is the main determinant of rice grain shape and yield; however, the dynamics and exact functions of phytohormones in developing endosperm remain elusive. Through a systemic study including transcriptome analysis, hormone measurement, and transgene‐based endosperm‐specific expression of phytohormone biosynthetic enzymes, we demonstrated that dynamic phytohormone levels play crucial roles in the developing rice endosperm, particularly in regard to grain shape and quality. We detected diverse, differential, and dramatically changing expression patterns of genes related to hormone biosynthesis and signaling during endosperm development, especially at early developmental stages. Liquid chromatography measurements confirmed the dynamic accumulation of hormones in developing endosperm. Further transgenic analysis performed on plants expressing hormone biosynthesis genes driven by an endosperm‐specific promoter revealed differential effects of the hormones, especially auxin and brassinosteroids, in regulating grain shape and quality. Our studies help elucidate the distinct roles of hormones in developing endosperm and provide novel and useful tools for influencing crop seed shape and yield.