bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
User interface for in-vehicle systems with on-wheel finger spreading gestures and head-up displays
Authors: Lee Sang Hun , Yoon Se-One 
Published: June 2020

AbstractInteracting with an in-vehicle system through a central console is known to induce visual and biomechanical distractions, thereby delaying the danger recognition and response times of the driver and significantly increasing the risk of an accident. To address this problem, various hand gestures have been developed. Although such gestures can reduce visual demand, they are limited in number, lack passive feedback, and can be vague and imprecise, difficult to understand and remember, and culture-bound. To overcome these limitations, we developed a novel on-wheel finger spreading gestural interface combined with a head-up display (HUD) allowing the user to choose a menu displayed in the HUD with a gesture. This interface displays audio and air conditioning functions on the central console of a HUD and enables their control using a specific number of fingers while keeping both hands on the steering wheel. We compared the effectiveness of the newly proposed hybrid interface against a traditional tactile interface for a central console using objective measurements and subjective evaluations regarding both the vehicle and driver behaviour. A total of 32 subjects were recruited to conduct experiments on a driving simulator equipped with the proposed interface under various scenarios. The results showed that the proposed interface was approximately 20% faster in emergency response than the traditional interface, whereas its performance in maintaining vehicle speed and lane was not significantly different from that of the traditional one.
Familism, Self-Esteem, and Weight-Specific Quality of Life Among Latinx Adolescents With Obesity
Authors: Arévalo Avalos Marvyn R , Ayers Stephanie L , Patrick Donald L , Jager Justin , Castro Felipe González , Konopken Yolanda P , Olson Micah L , Keller Colleen S , Soltero Erica G , Williams Allison N , Shaibi Gabriel Q 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Objective
Obesity is a critical public health condition affecting Latinx adolescents and contributes to health disparities across the lifespan. Childhood and adolescent obesity is associated with reduced quality of life (QoL) and decreased self-esteem. The purpose of this study is to examine the role of cultural (e.g., familism) and psychosocial (e.g., self-esteem) factors as predictors of weight-specific QoL among Latinx adolescents with obesity.

Methods
Baseline data from 160 Latinx adolescents (ages 14–16 years) with obesity (BMI &gt; 95th percentile for age and sex) who were recruited for a diabetes prevention intervention were used. Structural equation modeling tested the relationships between four latent constructs (familism, positive self-esteem, self-deprecation, and weight-specific QoL).

Results
The model tested paths from familism to positive self-esteem, self-deprecation, and weight-specific QoL, and paths from positive self-esteem and self-deprecation to weight-specific QoL. Higher familism was positively associated with positive self-esteem but not self-deprecation. In turn, positive self-esteem was positively associated with higher weight-specific QoL, whereas self-deprecation was negatively associated. Furthermore, there was an indirect effect of familism on QoL via positive self-esteem.

Conclusions
These data shed light into specific cultural and psychosocial constructs that influence QoL among Latinx adolescents with obesity. This study suggests that familism and positive self-esteem can operate as protective factors associated with higher weight-specific QoL in Latinx adolescents with obesity; whereas self-deprecation may operate as a risk factor for lower weight-specific QoL.
Coagulopathy in COVID-19 infection: a case of acute upper limb ischemia
Authors: Galanis Nikiforos , Stavraka Chara , Agathangelidis Filon , Petsatodis Evangelos , Giankoulof Christos , Givissis Panagiotis 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Coagulation abnormalities and thrombosis have been recently identified as sequelae of severe infection with the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We report a case of severe coagulopathy manifesting with right upper limb arterial and deep vein thrombosis in an 80-year-old male patient with severe COVID-19 associated pneumonia. He clinically deteriorated and received care in the intensive care unit where he was intubated. At that point, his coagulation laboratory tests were deranged, and he eventually developed dry gangrene in his right thumb and index finger, as well as a deep venous thromboembolism in his right axillary vein. Despite receiving treatment dose anticoagulation and undergoing arterial embolectomy, revascularization was unsuccessful. Amputation of the right arm at the level of the elbow was considered, but the patient died from respiratory failure.
Duodenal perforation after percutaneous fluid drainage, a rare event: a case report
Authors: Moyón Miguel A , Molina Gabriel A , Crisanto Braulio Aaron , Moyón F Xavier , Cárdenas Andrés , Buenaño Ricardo A , Gallegos Santiago E , Espinoza Sindy Mishel 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Duodenal perforations can be caused by surgical instruments during operations. These injuries can go initially unnoticed and lead to problematic complications. While uncommon, bowel perforation after percutaneous fluid drainage can severely impact the patient’s outcome. These can occur from equipment used for image-guided percutaneous drainage, a technique that has changed the way surgeons handle postoperative fluid collections and has become daily practice. Prompt recognition and timely treatment of these types of complications can minimize the consequences of this dreaded scenario. We present the case of a 29-year-old male, for whom an intra-abdominal collection was detected after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. CT-guided percutaneous drainage was performed, during which the catheter inadvertently punctured the duodenum. Surgical consultation was required and, since the patient remained asymptomatic, conservative management of the duodenal perforation was accomplished without complications. On follow-ups, the patient is doing well.
Illuminating a tadpole’s metamorphosis II: observing the ongoing transformation with ALMA
Authors: Reiter Megan , Guzmán Andrés E , Haworth Thomas J , Klaassen Pamela D , McLeod Anna F , Garay Guido , Mottram Joseph C 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT
We present new Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array observations of the tadpole, a small globule in the Carina Nebula that hosts the HH 900 jet+outflow system. Our data include 12CO, 13CO, C18O J=2–1, 13CO, C18O J=3–2, and serendipitous detections of DCN J=3–2 and CS J=7–6. With angular resolution comparable to the Hubble Space Telescope, our data reveal for the first time the bipolar molecular outflow in CO, seen only inside the globule, that is launched from the previously unseen jet-driving protostar (the HH 900 YSO). The biconical morphology joins smoothly with the externally irradiated outflow seen in ionized gas tracers outside the globule, tracing the overall morphology of a jet-driven molecular outflow. Continuum emission at the location of the HH 900 YSO appears to be slightly flattened perpendicular to outflow axis. Model fits to the continuum have a best-fitting spectral index of ∼2, suggesting cold dust and the onset of grain growth. In position–velocity space, 13CO and C18O gas kinematics trace a C-shaped morphology, similar to infall profiles seen in other sources, although the global dynamical behaviour of the gas remains unclear. Line profiles of the CO isotopologues display features consistent with externally heated gas. We estimate a globule mass of ∼1.9 M⊙, indicating a remaining lifetime of ∼4 Myr, assuming a constant photoevaporation rate. This long globule lifetime will shield the disc from external irradiation perhaps prolonging its life and enabling planet formation in regions where discs are typically rapidly destroyed.
Neptune’s ring arcs confined by coorbital satellites: dust orbital evolution through solar radiation
Authors: Giuliatti Winter S M , Madeira G , Sfair R 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT
Here, we report the results of a set of numerical simulations of the system formed by Neptune, Galatea, dust ring particles, and hypothetical co-orbital satellites. This dynamical system depicts a recent confinement mechanism formed by four co-orbital satellites being responsible for the azimuthal confinement of the arcs. After the numerical simulations, the particles were divided into four groups: particles that stay in the arcs, transient particles, particles that leave the arcs, and particles that collide with the co-orbital satellites. Our results showed that the lifetime of the smaller particles is 50 yr at most. After 100 yr, about $20{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ of the total amount of larger particles are still present in the arcs. From our numerical simulations, the particles should be present in all arcs after 30 yr. Analysis of the dust production ruled out the hypothesis that small satellites close to or in the arc structure could be its source.
Primordial magnetic fields during the cosmic dawn in light of EDGES 21-cm signal
Authors: Bera Ankita , Datta Kanan K , Samui Saumyadip 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT
We study prospects of constraining the primordial magnetic field (PMF) and its evolution during the dark ages and cosmic dawn in light of EDGES 21-cm signal. Our analysis has been carried out on a ‘colder IGM’ background which is one of the promising avenues to interpret the EDGES signal. We consider the dark matter-baryon interactions for the excess cooling. We find that the colder IGM suppresses both the residual free electron fraction and the coupling coefficient between the ionized and neutral components. The Compton heating also gets affected in colder IGM background. Consequently, the IGM heating rate due to the PMF enhances compared to the standard scenario. Thus, a significant fraction of the magnetic energy, for $B_0 \lesssim 0.5 \, {\rm nG}$, gets transferred to the IGM and the magnetic field decays at much faster rate compared to the simple (1 + z)2 scaling during the dark ages and cosmic dawn. This low PMF is an unlikely candidate for explaining the rise of the EDGES absorption signal at lower redshift. We also see that the PMF and DM-baryon interaction together introduces a plateau like feature in the redshift evolution of the IGM temperature. We find that the upper limit on the PMF depends on the underlying DM-baryon interaction. Higher PMF can be allowed when the interaction cross-section is higher and/or the DM particle mass is lower. Our study shows that the PMF with B0 up to ${\sim}0.4 \, {\rm nG}$, which is ruled out in the standard model, can be allowed if DM-baryon interaction with suitable cross-section and DM mass are considered.
General relativistic hydrodynamics on a moving-mesh I: static space–times
Authors: Chang Philip , Etienne Zachariah B 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT
We present the moving-mesh general relativistic hydrodynamics solver for static space–times as implemented in the code, MANGA. Our implementation builds on the architectures of MANGA and the numerical relativity python package NRPy+. We review the general algorithm to solve these equations and, in particular, detail the time-stepping; Riemann solution across moving faces; conversion between primitive and conservative variables; validation and correction of hydrodynamic variables; and mapping of the metric to a Voronoi moving-mesh grid. We present test results for the numerical integration of an unmagnetized Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff star for 24 dynamical times. We demonstrate that at a resolution of 106 mesh generating points, the star is stable and its central density drifts downwards by 2 per cent over this time-scale. At a lower resolution, the central density drift increases in a manner consistent with the adopted second-order spatial reconstruction scheme. These results agree well with the exact solutions, and we find the error behaviour to be similar to Eulerian codes with second-order spatial reconstruction. We also demonstrate that the new code recovers the fundamental mode frequency for the same TOV star but with its initial pressure depleted by 10 per cent.
High-redshift long gamma-ray bursts Hubble diagram as a test of basic cosmological relations
Authors: Shirokov S I , Sokolov I V , Lovyagin N Yu , Amati L , Baryshev Yu V , Sokolov V V , Gorokhov V L 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT
We examine the prospects of the high-redshift long gamma-ray bursts (LGRBs) Hubble diagram as a test of the basic cosmological principles. Analysis of the Hubble diagram allows us to test several fundamental cosmological principles using the directly observed flux–distance–redshift relation. Modern LGRBs data together with the correlation between the spectral peak energy and the isotropic equivalent radiated energy (the so-called Amati relation) can be used for construction of the Hubble diagram at the model-independent level. We emphasize observational selection effects, which inevitably exist and distort the theoretically predicted relations. An example is the weak and strong gravitational lensing bias effect for high-redshift LGRB in the presence of limited observational sensitivity (Malmquist bias). After bias correction, there is a tendency to vacuum-dominated models with $\Omega _\Lambda \rightarrow 0.9$, Ωm → 0.1. Forthcoming gamma-ray observations by the Transient High-Energy Sky and Early Universe Surveyor (THESEUS) space mission together with ground- and space-based multimessenger facilities will allow us to improve essentially the restrictions on alternative basic principles of cosmological models.
H0LiCOW – XIII. A 2.4 per cent measurement of H0 from lensed quasars: 5.3σ tension between early- and late-Universe probes
Authors: Wong Kenneth C , Suyu Sherry H , Chen Geoff C-F , Rusu Cristian E , Millon Martin , Sluse Dominique , Bonvin Vivien , Fassnacht Christopher D , Taubenberger Stefan , Auger Matthew W , Birrer Simon , Chan James H H , Courbin Frederic , Hilbert Stefan , Tihhonova Olga , Treu Tommaso , Agnello Adriano , Ding Xuheng , Jee Inh , Komatsu Eiichiro , Shajib Anowar J , Sonnenfeld Alessandro , Blandford Roger D , Koopmans Léon V E , Marshall Philip J , Meylan Georges 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT
We present a measurement of the Hubble constant (H0) and other cosmological parameters from a joint analysis of six gravitationally lensed quasars with measured time delays. All lenses except the first are analysed blindly with respect to the cosmological parameters. In a flat Λ cold dark matter (ΛCDM) cosmology, we find $H_{0} = 73.3_{-1.8}^{+1.7}~\mathrm{km~s^{-1}~Mpc^{-1}}$, a $2.4{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ precision measurement, in agreement with local measurements of H0 from type Ia supernovae calibrated by the distance ladder, but in 3.1σ tension with Planck observations of the cosmic microwave background (CMB). This method is completely independent of both the supernovae and CMB analyses. A combination of time-delay cosmography and the distance ladder results is in 5.3σ tension with Planck CMB determinations of H0 in flat ΛCDM. We compute Bayes factors to verify that all lenses give statistically consistent results, showing that we are not underestimating our uncertainties and are able to control our systematics. We explore extensions to flat ΛCDM using constraints from time-delay cosmography alone, as well as combinations with other cosmological probes, including CMB observations from Planck, baryon acoustic oscillations, and type Ia supernovae. Time-delay cosmography improves the precision of the other probes, demonstrating the strong complementarity. Allowing for spatial curvature does not resolve the tension with Planck. Using the distance constraints from time-delay cosmography to anchor the type Ia supernova distance scale, we reduce the sensitivity of our H0 inference to cosmological model assumptions. For six different cosmological models, our combined inference on H0 ranges from ∼73 to 78 km s−1 Mpc−1, which is consistent with the local distance ladder constraints.
Unusually powerful flare activity of the H2O maser feature near a velocity of −60 km s−1 in W49N
Authors: Volvach A E , Volvach L N , Larionov M G 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Water maser monitoring observations of W49N were carried out with the 22-m Simeiz radio telescope from 2017 May to 2020 February. A series of flares near a high-velocity spectral feature at −60 km s−1 was detected, including a very short duration flare (less than a month) that was very powerful (at its maximum, it reached a flux density of 77 kJy). This flare occurred on top of a less powerful, but longer-lasting flare. A correlation is revealed between the exponential growth of the flux density and the decrease in the linewidth, which is characteristic of the behaviour of a maser in an unsaturated state. In connection with flare phenomena in the framework of the model of close binary massive star systems (CMSSs), we consider the possibility of detecting gravitational waves from CMSSs in the regions of active star formation.
Positive Predictive Values of 2 Algorithms for Identifying Patients with Intravenous Drug Use–Associated Endocarditis Using Administrative Data
Authors: Kobayashi Takaaki , Beck Brice , Miller Aaron , Polgreen Philip , O’Shea Amy M J , Ohl Michael E 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background
Prior studies have used International Classification of Disease (ICD) diagnosis codes in administrative data to identify patients with infective endocarditis (IE) associated with intravenous drug use (IVDU). Little is known about the accuracy of ICD codes for IVDU-IE.

Methods
We used 2 previously described algorithms to identify patients with potential IVDU-IE admitted to 125 Veterans Administration hospitals from January 2010 through December 2018. Algorithm A identified patients with concurrent ICD-9/10 codes for IE and drug use during the same admission. Algorithm B identified patients with drug use coded either during the IE admission or during outpatient or other visits within 6 months of admission. We reviewed 400 randomly selected patient charts to determine the positive predictive value (PPV) of each algorithm for clinical documentation of IE, any drug use, IVDU, and IVDU-IE, respectively.

Results
Algorithm A identified 788 patients, and B identified 1314 patients, a 68% increase. PPVs were high for clinical documentation of diagnoses of IE (86.5% for A and 82.6% for B) and any drug use (99.0% and 96.3%). PPVs were lower for documented IVDU (74.5% and 64.1%) and combined diagnoses of IVDU-IE (65.0% and 55.2%), partly because of a lack of ICD codes specific to IVDU. Among patients identified by algorithm B but not A, 72% had clinical documentation of drug use during the IE admission, indicating a failure of algorithm A to capture cases due to incomplete recording of inpatient ICD codes for drug use.

Conclusions
There is need for improved algorithms for IVDU-IE surveillance during the ongoing opioid epidemic.
Proteasomal Degradation of Proteins Is Important for the Proper Transcriptional Response to Sulfur Deficiency Conditions in Plants
Authors: Wawrzyńska Anna , Sirko Agnieszka 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Plants are continuously exposed to different abiotic and biotic stresses; therefore, to protect themselves, they depend on the fast reprogramming of large gene repertoires to prioritize the expression of a given stress-induced gene set over normal cellular household genes. The activity of the proteasome, a large proteolytic complex that degrades proteins, is vital to coordinate the expression of such genes. Proteins are labeled for degradation by the action of E3 ligases that site-specifically alter their substrates by adding chains of ubiquitin. Recent publications have revealed an extensive role of ubiquitination in the utilization of nutrients. This study presents the transcriptomic profiles of sulfur-deficient rosettes and roots of Arabidopsis thaliana rpt2a mutant with proteasomal malfunction. We found that genes connected with sulfur metabolism are regulated to the lesser extent in rpt2a mutant while genes encoding transfer RNAs and small nucleolar RNAs are highly upregulated. Several genes encoding E3 ligases are specifically regulated by sulfur deficiency. Furthermore, we show that a key transcription factor of sulfur deficiency response, Sulfur LIMitation1, undergoes proteasomal degradation and is able to interact with F-box protein, EBF1.
Molecular and Physiological Alterations in Chickpea under Elevated CO2 Concentrations
Authors: Palit Paramita , Ghosh Raju , Tolani Priya , Tarafdar Avijit , Chitikineni Annapurna , Bajaj Prasad , Sharma Mamta , Kudapa Himabindu , Varshney Rajeev K 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The present study reports profiling of the elevated carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration responsive global transcriptome in chickpea, along with a combinatorial approach for exploring interlinks between physiological and transcriptional changes, important for the climate change scenario. Various physiological parameters were recorded in two chickpea cultivars (JG 11 and KAK 2) grown in open top chambers under ambient [380 parts per million (ppm)] and two stressed/elevated CO2 concentrations (550 and 700 ppm), at different stages of plant growth. The elevated CO2 concentrations altered shoot and root length, nodulation (number of nodules), total chlorophyll content and nitrogen balance index, significantly. RNA-Seq from 12 tissues representing vegetative and reproductive growth stages of both cultivars under ambient and elevated CO2 concentrations identified 18,644 differentially expressed genes including 9,687 transcription factors (TF). The differential regulations in genes, gene networks and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) -derived expression dynamics of stress-responsive TFs were observed in both cultivars studied. A total of 138 pathways, mainly involved in sugar/starch metabolism, chlorophyll and secondary metabolites biosynthesis, deciphered the crosstalk operating behind the responses of chickpea to elevated CO2 concentration.
The Participation Dividend of Taxation: How Citizens in Congo Engage More with the State When it Tries to Tax Them*
Authors: Weigel Jonathan L 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis article provides evidence from a fragile state that citizens demand more of a voice in the government when it tries to tax them. I examine a field experiment randomizing property tax collection across 356 neighborhoods of a large Congolese city. The tax campaign was the first time most citizens had been registered by the state or asked to pay formal taxes. It raised property tax compliance from 0.1% in control to 11.6% in treatment. It also increased political participation by about 5 percentage points (31%): citizens in taxed neighborhoods were more likely to attend town hall meetings hosted by the government or submit evaluations of its performance. To participate in these ways, the average citizen incurred costs equal to their daily household income, and treated citizens spent 43% more than control. Treated citizens also positively updated about the provincial government, perceiving more revenue, less leakage, and a greater responsibility to provide public goods. The results suggest that broadening the tax base has a “participation dividend,” a key idea in historical accounts of the emergence of inclusive governance in early modern Europe and a common justification for donor support of tax programs in weak states.