bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of health promoting school program: The relationship of HPS award level and outcome
Authors: Tsai M , Chen F , Luh D , Wang Y , Lo K 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
According to Taiwan health promoting school (HPS) accreditations program, the school was recognized with a gold award, silver award, bronze award, participation award, and non-awards. Previous studies have foci on the effectiveness of the HPS from the perspective of students' health behaviors. The main purpose of this study is to compare the students' health and social outcomes in different HPS award levels to assess the effectiveness of the HPS program.

Methods
This cross-sectional survey was conducted to 121 schools registering HPS accreditation program in 2018. Overall, a total of 8812 elementary, junior and senior high school students completed the questionnaire. The accredited schools were classified into four categories according to the award level: excellent (5 schools with gold), good (32 schools with silver), fair (23 schools with bronze and 18 schools with participation), and poor (44 schools with non-award). The outcome variables included perceived health status, well-being, and quality of life. The descriptive statistics and ANOVA were analysed using SPSS 20.0 software.

Results
There were awards level differences of students' health (F = 10.66, p&lt;.001) and social outcomes (e.g. well-being: F = 3.76, p&lt;.01; quality of life: F = 11.58, p&lt;.001). From the perspective of health outcomes, the results found that schools with excellent level (Mean=3.59), good level (Mean=3.52), and fair level (Mean=3.47) were better in students' perceived health status than schools with poor level (Mean=3.38). Similarly, the results showed that schools with excellent level were better in students' well-being (Mean=7.63) and quality of life (Mean=34.56) than schools with poor level (Mean=7.25; 33.56).

Conclusions
Students from schools with excellent levels exhibited better health and social outcomes. The finding suggests that future studies evaluate and track the effectiveness to conduct the longitudinal study, and the HPS program should be effectively implemented and sustained.

Key messages
To explore the effectiveness of the health promoting school program in health and social outcomes. Note: This work was funded by the Health Promotion Administration, Ministry of Health and Welfare. Health promoting schools award level is related to students’ perceived health status, well-being, and quality of life.
Potentials of a school-based health education program – a theory based analysis of a good practice
Authors: Árva D , Herczeg V , Terebessy A , Eörsi D 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
The gap between our knowledge about healthy lifestyle and health behaviours is significant especially in regions with lower socioeconomic conditions. Promoting lifestyle change requires multilevel approach as described by the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation - Behaviour (COM-B) model and school-based interventions can combat inequalities. Our innovative school-based health program in Northern Hungary might serve as an example for future initiatives.

Objectives
Our objective was to develop a sustainable one-year health education program in all five secondary schools of the town of Balassagyarmat including broad spectrum of health related topics. We attempted to find new methods so our classroom setting intervention can target the most factors of COM-B with the integration of best practices and novel tools from the field of education and prior health promotion programs.

Results
It seems possible to integrate elements influencing all levels of COM-B, but in different extent. C: besides knowledge transfer we also focus on improving health-literacy by small-group based, interactive and experiential education enhanced with gamification and an e-learning module. We believe that adolescents have the physical ability for a healthy lifestyle. O: by targeting all students from each class we shape social norms, nevertheless realizable changes in the physical environment is limited. M: both reflective and automatic mechanisms are reinforced by 30-day challenges and rewarding managed by a shared online educational platform ensuring continuality and peer-educators who serve as role-models. The involvement of earlier participants as educators assures the sustainability of the program as well as the internalization of its main messages.

Conclusions
Well-designed school-based health education programs may aspire for multilevel effect in promoting healthy behaviours even between the restricted opportunities of classroom settings with weakest potential in environmental change.

Key messages
Health education in classroom setting might shape social norms, and motivation. Targeting change in physical environment is challenging in school-based health programs.
Sociodemographic profile of people with disabilities in rural areas in southern Brazil
Authors: Lopes Gomide P , Schmidt Alves L M , Magedanz M C , Sausen A G , Mocelin G , Portela de Assis M , Pereira Corrêa C S , Dias Weigelt L , Linhares Garcia E , Frantz Krug S B 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
People with disabilities (PWD) living in rural areas are subject to various vulnerabilities and inequalities that add to the barriers faced due to disabilities. The study aims to identify the sociodemographic profile of PWD living in rural areas of southern Brazil.

Methods
Quantitative study and a section of the ongoing research 'Work, Inclusion and Health Problems of People with Disabilities in Rural Scenario: an analysis in the southern region of Brazil', from the Health Studies and Research Group of the University of Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC)/Brazil. Conducted in six municipalities in the state of Rio Grande do Sul with 37,333 inhabitants, 84.3% in the rural area and 32.7% are PWD. The first stage of data collection occurred through the survey of PWD older than 18 years and the second stage through a questionnaire. For statistical and descriptive analysis, the Software SPSS 22.0 was used. The research comply with the Resolution 466/2012 and the Ethics and Research Committee of UNISC approved it under nº. 341658.

Results
The subjects represent 1.33% of the total population and 1.57% of the rural population of the 6 municipalities. Data were compiled from 495 subjects and 22 of them answered the questionnaire. It was identified 271 subjects from three municipalities, 52.8% were male. The deficiencies were 39.1% intellectual, 25.5% physical, 18.1% auditory, 8.9% visual and 8.6% multiple. Of the 22: 12 were men; 12 were between 18 and 35 years old; 16 with white skin color; 11 did not complete elementary school; 13 with intellectual/mental disabilities; in 18 subjects the deficiencies are of congenital origin; 17 never worked; 5 have already worked and one still work.

Conclusions
The study shows that the PWD are mostly young men with low level of education, who did not perform work activity and with congenital mental disabilities. Such data are important for planning public policies that are more effective.

Key messages
Identifying data and the profile of PWD in rural contexts contributes to the development of public policies in the municipalities investigated and can contribute to other locations and regions. People with disabilities (PWD) living in rural areas are subject to various vulnerabilities and inequalities that add to the barriers faced due to disabilities.
The access to complementary and integrative health practices in public health system in Brazil
Authors: Magalhaes F , Santos D , Martins G , Barbosa J , Riquieri M , Cordeiro M , Silva M , Lima R , Sarti T , Andrade M 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
A qualitative and exploratory study that analyzed the perspective of access to Integrative and Complementary Practices in Health (PICS) by listening users from a selected service of primary care of a municipality.

Objective
Analyze the access to PICS in a health public service of a municipality in a state of Brazil, from the perspective of users, as well as aimed at understand the needs and desires of health care these users in the search process and use of PICS, identifying facilitators and barriers in this trajectory.

Methods
The theoretical reference from Frenk on access was used, which systematizes the flow of events at the moment when the health need is perceived until the effectiveness of the care, besides the demand and entrance in the health services and the continuity of the treatment. The data collection was done by participant observation and semi-structured interview with 29 users of the service. The narratives were worked through the analysis of thematic content.

Results
The results indicated two groups of PICS: complex medical systems and therapeutic resources. There were differences in the organization of the offer with consequent influence on the different forms of access. It was registered the interest for the use of health care in a non-biomedical logic and a re-signification of the health-disease process in PICS users, contributing to the continuity of health production.

Conclusions
It was concluded that the current models of access analysis do not contemplate the diversities of access to the PICS, and the various possibilities of encounters with these practices allow the identification of the marginality of this care in all cases analyzed.

Key messages
Integrative and Complementary Health Practices gain national relevance as they contribute to the development of health promoting activities, focus on the individual, prevention and comprehensive care. However, considered a controversial topic in a hegemonically biomedical scenario, the incorporation of these new knowledge and practices in the health field occurs in a marginal way.
Participatory health research with migrants: opportunities, challenges, and way forwards
Authors: Roura M , Dias S , LeMaster J , MacFarlane A 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Migration has become one of the most politically pressing issues of the 21st century. Still, migrant health remains an under-researched area in global health. Participatory Health Research (PHR) can potentially contribute to a paradigm shift, from a pathogenic deficit model that sees migrants as passively affected by policies to their re-conceptualization as creative, inspiring, and actively engaged citizens in search of solutions. However, PHR is not a panacea and there are specific challenges in enacting meaningful and impactful projects in this field.

Methods
This literature review examines the opportunities and challenges posed by the use of this approach in migrant health research. We highlight critical issues for consideration and provide some examples of successful PHR with migrants.

Results
A number of successful initiatives illustrate the value of engaging migrants in the definition of the research agenda, the design and implementation of health interventions, the identification of health protective factors, and the operationalization and validation of indicators to monitor progress in this field. Still, within fragmented community landscapes that are not necessarily constructed along ethnicity traits, and real-world contexts that are far from the ideals of justice and equality, inadequate structures of representation and power dynamics can hamper a meaningful implementation of PHR with migrants.

Conclusions
For each particular research context it is essential to reflect on what is the “optimal” level and type of participation that is more likely to leverage migrants' empowerment so we can better advocate for our voices to be heard, and our rights to be addressed.

Key messages
Participatory Health research can potentially contribute to address migrant health challenges. The level and type of participation must be tailored to each research context.
The evaluation of pre-hospital emergency care providers' attitudes towards refugees in Turkey
Authors: Çalışkan Pala S , Kılınç A , Arslantaş D , Ünsal A 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Health for all is one of the fundamental rights for eliminating inequalites. Within the scope of Sustainable Development Goals, health services should be provided to everyone without any discrimination regardlass of race, religion, political view, gender, economic and social status. The increase of violence in their home country caused about 3 million 666 thousand 59 people to flee to Turkey and they've been experiencing economic, social and cultural problems as well as a problem of acceptance and adaptation. We aimed to evaluate the attitudes of emergency healthcare providers towards refugees and their perception of social distance.

Methods
This is a methodological study conducted between January-February 2020. The study group consisted of 372 (77.5%) out of 480 healthcare professionals. Attitude towards refugees was evaluated with the Health Providers' Attitude Towards Refugees Scale (HPATRS) developed by the researchers. Questionnaire form included HPATRS and Social Distance Scale(SDS). The Cronbach's alpha value of HPATRS was 0.694. Multiple linear regression was used for multivariate analysis.

Results
The ages of the study group ranged between 18-60 while the mean age was 32.15 ± 7.50 and 55.1% were female. Of the study group, 50.8% scored below the mean score from HPATRS. Multivariate analysis showed that, having language difficulties, having a master's degree and above and having high social distance was related to negative attitude towards refugees. (F: 7.567 p &lt; 0.001 R²: 0.195). The social distance level was found to be the most important determinant in attitude (β: 0.343).

Conclusions
The attitude towards refugees in emergency care providers were thought to be not positive enough to eliminate the inequalities. It was concluded that; having a master's degree and above, having more social distance and having language difficulties were risk factors for a negative attitude towards refugees.

Key messages
As the first responders, emergency workers’ attitudes towards refugees is an important issue to be addressed in eliminating health inequalities. Mass media campaigns should be used to reduce social distance and trainings should be planned in order to develop positive attitudes towards refugees.
Chronic conditions among children, adolescents, and young adults in acute care settings
Authors: Sentell T , Choi S Y , Ching L , Quensell M , Keliikoa L B , Corriveau E , Pirkle C 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Despite a growing prevalence of chronic disease risk factors, such as obesity, among young people in the United States and other countries, little is known about actual disease prevalence in this population. Almost nothing is known about this topic in many racial/ethnic groups that are rapidly growing in the United States, including Native Hawaiians, Other Pacific Islanders, and Filipinos. Yet these understudied groups are at high risk. The study goal was to determine the statewide prevalence of chronic disease in acute care for those aged 5-29 years, including Native Hawaiians, Filipinos, and Pacific Islanders.

Methods
Using Hawai'i statewide inpatient and emergency department (ED) data across all payers from 2015-2016, we considered the presence of at least one of five target chronic conditions (asthma, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, diabetes, stroke) from 13,514 inpatient stays by 9,467 unique individuals and 228,548 ED visits by 127,854 individuals.

Results
Twenty-eight percent of youth who were hospitalized and 12% with an ED visit had at least one chronic condition. In both inpatient and ED settings, race/ethnicity, age group, and payer varied significantly when comparing those with a chronic condition to those without a chronic condition. Notably, those with a chronic condition were disproportionately Native Hawaiian, Filipino, and Pacific Islander; 32.3% percent of those with an inpatient chronic condition and 34.9% of those with an ED chronic condition were Native Hawaiian.

Conclusions
Chronic diseases, including those more often seen in adulthood, are prevalent in young people in acute care settings in the state of Hawai'i with notable disparities. This data can help justify, guide, and support programs urgently needed to address these changing epidemiological trends, which may be of particular interest for Medicaid.

Key messages
We show that chronic conditions are prevalent in young people in acute care settings in the state of Hawai‘i with notable disparities. This can help justify, guide, and support programs to address these troubling epidemiological trends.
Epidemiological surveillance of syphilis in Pleven region, Bulgaria
Authors: Karcheva M , Haydudova H , Gospodinov D 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection whose significance to the public health does not lose its relevance. Changes in the epidemiology of the disease were observed in the last decade. This study describes the trends of syphilis in Pleven region (Bulgaria).

Methods
A retrospective study of the incidence of syphilis in Bulgaria and in the Pleven district was conducted. Documentary method was applied. A comparative analysis of statistical data from National Center of Public Health and Analyses -Sofia, Regional Health Inspectorate - Pleven, and annual reports on the work of the Consulting Room on Sexually Transmitted Infections - Pleven was carried out. The study extends over the period 2009-2018. Extensive and intensive indicators for data analysis were applied - number of cases (n), morbidity (per 100,000 population), sex and age distribution of cases reported.

Results
There were 119 cases of syphilis registered in the Pleven district during 2009-2018, with gender distribution showing a slight predominance of men - 66 (55%) versus 53 (45%) in women. All ages are affected, but the largest group is 25-29 years of age - 28 cases, followed by the age group 20-24 - 25 cases. Three cases of congenital syphilis were registered in the district of Pleven.

Conclusions
The reported incidence of syphilis probably does not correspond to the real one. The observed trend in the spread of the disease can be overcome by improving the effectiveness of control. Such can be accomplished by active search for patients, adequate treatment, monitoring in dispensary, individual approach to risk groups of population, and preventive activities.

Key messages
Syphilis is a disease that is subject to international surveillance and control. Trends of syphilis in Pleven region (Bulgaria).
Child growth, neurodevelopment and pre and postnatal exposure to phthalates: first exposure data
Authors: Maione D , Lucaccioni L , Arletti M , Panciroli G , Poluzzi F , Ferrari A , Facchinetti F , Fantuzzi G , Righi E 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Phthalates, potential endocrine disruptors added to plastics, are found in numerous products and contaminate many environmental matrices, resulting in a widespread human exposure virtually interfering with fetal and neonatal development. This study aims to evaluate, by repeated mothers and children urine monitoring, the exposure to phthalates in newborns and to investigate its potential effects in early life.

Methods
A cohort study, recruiting mothers and newborns at an Italian hospital, is ongoing. Prenatal exposure is assessed by measuring 6 phthalates in maternal and neonatal urine; while postnatal exposure is assessed in the infants urines at 3rd and 6th month. Infants undergo periodic visits (t0, t3, t6, t12, t24) to assess growth, neurocognitive development and urinary sex hormone levels; mothers fill in exposure questionnaires at t0 and t6.

Results
To date, 148 mother-child couples have been enrolled, 74 children checked at t3 and 35 at t6. The newborns (3.4±0.3kg weight, 50.2±1.7cm length), show physiological hormonal levels: LH 0.6±1.8mIU/ml; FSH 1.5±1.6mIU/ml, testosterone 10.3±4.8ng/ml, estradiol 843.9±972.4pg/ml. Phthalates appear highly widespread both in mothers and infants, although at low levels. MEP shows the highest levels (mothers: 37.3±83.2µg/L; infants: 19.6±32.8µg/L), followed by MnBP (mothers: 11.3±14.4µg/L; infants: 21.3±25.5µg/L) and MBzP (mothers: 3.9±3.9µg/L; infants: 8.1±9.8µg/L). All mothers report frequent contact with products potentially containing phthalates, however mother-child couples levels showed very low correlations.

Conclusions
Exposure to phthalates for infants appears widespread, albeit at low levels. Neonatal urine biomonitoring is a valid tool to evaluate child exposure, able to produce more accurate information than maternal urine.

Key messages
Biomonitoring of childhood urine produces accurate data on pre and postnatal exposure to phthalates. Biomonitoring of childhood urinary phthalates can enhance the assessment of their potential effects on growth and development.
Paul Valéry’s Vitalism: Life and Entropy
Authors: Rosenberg Daniel 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Paul Valéry’s interest in the life sciences is an important yet little-studied aspect of his work. Although Valéry was known primarily as a reader of mathematics and physics, his fascination with the life sciences has often been ignored or regarded as mere curiosity. This article examines Valéry’s writing on the subject of biology by focusing on the unique status he accords to the notion of life. In both his theoretical and poetic writings, Valéry addresses the notion of life as a category endowed with distinct ontological attributes — as a phenomenon that encompasses a distinct type of order. Life, as an independent force, is capable of resisting and even reversing the principle of entropy, which Valéry regards as a universal tendency towards degradation and dispersion that affects all inanimate matter. Valéry’s thought thus exhibits a complicated yet clear affinity with the intellectual tradition known as vitalism. The article discusses this affinity by analysing the presence of vitalist ideas and imagery in Valéry’s corpus, giving special attention to his most expressly ‘biological’ work, the essay ‘L’Homme et la coquille’ (‘The Man and the Seashell’).
Benchmarking Orthogroup Inference Accuracy: Revisiting Orthobench
Authors: Emms David M , Kelly Steven 
Published: October 2020

AbstractOrthobench is the standard benchmark to assess the accuracy of orthogroup inference methods. It contains 70 expert-curated reference orthogroups (RefOGs) that span the Bilateria and cover a range of different challenges for orthogroup inference. Here, we leveraged improvements in tree inference algorithms and computational resources to reinterrogate these RefOGs and carry out an extensive phylogenetic delineation of their composition. This phylogenetic revision altered the membership of 31 of the 70 RefOGs, with 24 subject to extensive revision and 7 that required minor changes. We further used these revised and updated RefOGs to provide an assessment of the orthogroup inference accuracy of widely used orthogroup inference methods. Finally, we provide an open-source benchmarking suite to support the future development and use of the Orthobench benchmark.