bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lateral lymph node dissection reduces local recurrence of locally advanced lower rectal cancer in the absence of preoperative neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Gao Xiang , Wang Cun , Yu Yong-Yang , Singh Dujanand , Yang Lie , Zhou Zong-Guang 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: The impact of lateral lymph node dissection (LLND) in locally advanced lower rectal cancer remains controversial. This study is to compare total mesorectal excision (TME) with or without LLND in lower rectal cancer cases of stage II/III.Methods: The electronic databases were systematically searched that compared TME with or without LLND among patients with lower rectal cancer in clinical stage II/III. Subgroup analysis was performed considering neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT). The hazard ratios (HR), relative risk (RR), and weighted mean difference (WMD) were pooled.Results: Twelve studies of 4458 patients of this meta-analysis demonstrate, LLND alone significantly reduced the local recurrence rate of patients who did not receive nCRT (RR 0.71, P=0.004), while the difference was not significant when combined with nCRT (RR 0.70, P=0.36). The analysis shows TME with LLND was associated with significantly longer operation time (WMD 90.73 min, P<0.001), more intraoperative blood loss (WMD 303.20 mL, P<0.001), and postoperative complications (RR=1.35, P=0.02). Whereas Urinary dysfunction (RR 1.44, P=0.38), sexual dysfunction (RR 1.41, P=0.17), and postoperative mortality (RR=1.52, P=0.70), were similar between these two groups. Statistically, no significant differences were observed in OS (HR 0.93, P=0.62), DFS (HR 0.99, P=0.96), total recurrence (RR 0.98, P=0.83), lateral recurrence (RR 0.49, P=0.14), or distal recurrence (RR 0.95, P=0.78) between these two groups regardless of whether nCRT was performed or not.Conclusions: The study shows LLND alone decreases the local recurrence without using nCRT irrespective of the survival advantage in locally advanced lower rectal cancer. The benefit of controlling local recurrence by LLND alone makes us reconsider the usage of nCRT with LLND.Registration: The protocol for this meta-analysis was registered prospectively with PROSPERO (CRD42020135575) on May 16, 2019.
Incident reports involving hospital administrative staff: analysis of data from the Japan Council for Quality Health care nationwide database
Authors: Akiyama Naomi , Akiyama Tomoya , Hayashida Kenshi , Shiroiwa Takeru , Koeda Keisuke 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Task shifting and task sharing in health care are rapidly becoming more common as the shortage of physicians increases. However, research has not yet examined the changing roles of hospital administrative staff. This study clarified: (1) the adverse incidents caused by hospital administrative staff, and the direct and indirect impact of these incidents on patient care; and (2) the incidents that directly involved hospital administrative staff. Methods: This study used case report data from the Japan Council for Quality Health care collected from April 1, 2010 to March 31, 2019, including a total of 30,823 reports. In April 2020, only the 88 self-reported incidents by hospital administrative staff were downloaded, excluding incidents reported by those in medical and co-medical occupations. Data from three reports implicating pharmacists were rejected and the quantitative and textual data from the remaining 85 case reports were analyzed in terms of whether they impacted patient care directly or indirectly.Results: Thirty-nine reports (45.9%) involved direct impact on patient care, while 46 (54.1%) involved indirect impact on patient care. Most incidents that directly impacted patient care involved administrative staff writing prescriptions on behalf of a doctor (n=24, 61.5%); followed by errors related to system administration, information, and documentation (n=7, 17.9%). Most reported errors that indirectly affected patient care were related to system administration, information, and documentation used by administrative staff (n=22, 47.8%), or to reception (n=9, 19.6%). Almost all errors occurred during weekdays. Most frequent incidents involved outpatients (n=23, 27.1%), or occurred next to examination/operation rooms (n=12, 14.1%). Further, a total of 14 cases (16.5%) involved patient misidentification. Conclusions: Incidents involving hospital administrative staff, the most common of which are medication errors from incorrect prescriptions, can lead to severe consequences for patients. Given that administrative staff now form a part of medical treatment teams, improvements in patient care may require further submission and review of incident reports involving administrative staff.
Dentists’ entrepreneurial intention and associated factors in public hospitals in major cities in Guangdong (South China): a cross-sectional study
Authors: Wang Jiabi , Peng Bin , Zhou Hongzhi , Zhang Jing Hua 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: A rapid growth in private dentistry in China has been observed during recent years. Promoting the entrepreneurship of dentists has increasingly received attention in both dentistry and dental education worldwide. However, understanding about the unique features of entrepreneurial behaviors of dentists remains inadequate.Methods: This study examines dentist’s entrepreneurial intention (EI), which was represented by his/her intention of leaving the public hospital system to be engaged in the private sector. Through a snowball sampling method, a total of 336 questionnaires from public hospitals in five major cities in Guangdong Province (China) were collected. The association between the dentists’ EI and their individual characteristics were analyzed using a logistic regression model.Results: In the sample studied, 35.7% of the respondents reported to have EI. Female dentists are less likely to report EI (OR=0.365, p =0.001). Dentists in the age group of 36 to 45 years (OR=14.205, p =0.012) and those aged over 45 years (OR=8.45, p =0.066) reported respectively a much stronger EI than those in their 20s. Compared with intern dentists, attending dentists (OR=7.812, p =0.016) and associate/chief dentists (OR=9.857, p =0.021) were significantly more likely to report EI. Those with master level (OR=0.221, p =0.021) or doctorate degrees (OR=0.118, p =0.005) are much less likely to report EI. Meanwhile, those in mid-large hospitals (with 101-200 employees) (OR=3.554, p =0.036) and small hospitals (with < 50 employees) (OR=2.398, p =0.044) reported a stronger EI than those in large hospitals. Additionally, dentists’ entrepreneurial behaviors, risk aversion attitudes and their family background all have significant associations.Conclusions: Since dentistry is a knowledge-intensive industry, dentists’ entrepreneurial behaviors have their own features. The findings by this study suggest that, accumulation of practical skills in a dental career, as implied by age, professional qualifications and leadership skills, help to promote EI, whereas an academic oriented education degree per se does not. Dentists in mid-large and small hospitals, rather than in top large hospitals in China, have higher EI. Additionally, female dentists may need more social supports to develop a higher EI. These findings have practical implications for the promotion of EI among dentists.
Influence of Educational background in Pathological Stage and Treatment Modalities in Iranian Breast Cancer Patients: A Retrospective Single Center Study
Authors: Kashi Amir Shahram Yousefi 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Breast cancer is the most frequent diagnosed visceral cancer with 13400 new cases annually in Iranian women. There are a few studies in the west countries that indicates that breast cancer patients with higher educational background had better prognosis than patients with lower education background.Objectives: In a retrospective single center study we compared educational background and its relationship to pathological stage and their treatment modalities among 3010 breast cancer patients.Methods: Medical records of 3010 patients with breast cancer from database at Cancer Research Center of the Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences were reviewed and univariate logistic regression analysis was used for association between education background and its relationship to pathological breast cancer stage and treatment modalities.Results: The average age at diagnosis was 49.1 years ± 11.6 years. The proportion of breast cancer patients’ levels of education were 4.2 % illiterate, 7.8% primary school, 7.5% middle school, 21.8% high school and diploma, 18.6% university and above and 40.1% unspecified.Based on univariate logistic regression analysis, the illiterate group had 65.1% of early stage breast cancer (stage I and stage II), and the university and above group had 73.4% of early stage breast cancer (p-value<.001). The rate of receiving chemotherapy, radiotherapy and endocrine therapy was in the illiterate group 35.7%, 42.1%, 50% and was in the university and above group 93.7%, 64.3% and 71.1% respectively(p-value<.001). The rate of breast conserving surgery (BCS) in the illiterate group, the primary school, the middle school, the high school and diploma, and the university and above group was 15.1%, 18%, 16.3%, 42.5%, and 73.2% respectively (p-value<.001).Conclusions: The findings of this study showed that education background have a signiﬁcant impact on pathological staging and the selection of treatment modalities.
Treatment of Anosmia and Ageusia in COVID-19 Patients by Using Coffee
Authors: Hosseini Asiyeh , Mirmahdi Esmaeil , Moghadam Mina Akbari 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Introduction: The sudden onset of smell and taste loss has been reported as a symptom related to COVID-19. There is new evidence for the loss of smell and taste as a symptom of COVID-19 infection. Objectives: This study aims to examine influence of coffee on smell and taste of patients with Covid-19. Methods: In order to investigate the effect of coffee consumption on the taste and smell of COVID-19 patients, we attempted to sample in 20 provinces of the country, COVID-19 patients were separated by gender and underlying and non-underlying disease, doses of 15-20 mg for non-underlying patients and 25-30 mg for underlying patients. The reason for determining this amount of coffee is that every coffee we want to prepare needs a scoop of 14 grams of coffee, which we determine. For some people, it was determine 14 grams and for some people 28 grams of coffee was determined due to consumed in two cups of coffee.Results: Patients with COVID-19 had reversibility on the first and second day. It was clear that there is a small gap between the proportion of recovered patients in the underlying and non-underlying patients, but due to the high volume of observations, this small difference is evident.Discussion: The effectiveness time of coffee is debatable by prescribing its amount. The time efficiency of improving the sense of smell and taste with coffee consumption was lower in non-background patients than in patients.Conclusions: Anosmia and Ageusia is more prevalent in COVID-19 patients. Caffeine in coffee reduced the reversibility of the sense of smell and taste of people with COVID-19. It was concluded that the chances of recovery are higher for those who do not have the underlying disease than for the other groups and for those who suffer from all three types of the underlying disease than for the other groups.
SKiM - A generalized literature-based discovery system for uncovering novel biomedical knowledge from PubMed
Authors: Raja Kalpana , Steill John , Ross Ian , Tsoi Lam , Kuusisto Finn , Ni Zijian , Livny Miron , Thomson James , Stewart Ron 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Literature-based discovery (LBD) uncovers undiscovered public knowledge by linking terms A to C via a B intermediate. Existing LBD systems are limited to process certain A, B, and C terms, and many are not maintained. We present SKiM (Serial KinderMiner), a generalized LBD system for processing any combination of A, Bs, and Cs. We evaluate SKiM via the rediscovery of discoveries by Don Swanson, who pioneered LBD. Using only literature from the 19th century up to a year before Swanson’s discoveries, SKiM uncovers all five discoveries. We apply SKiM to repurposing drugs for 26 conditions of high prevalence. Manual analysis confirmed 65 discoveries useful for four diseases from Swanson’s discoveries from one to 31 years prior to their first validation by clinical trials. SKiM predicts many new potential drug candidates representing prime targets for wet lab validation. SKiM can be applied to any biomedical inquiry sufficiently mentioned in the literature.
A theory of particle physics about quantum number constrained equation and particle singularity
Authors: Hua Ma 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In this paper, two fundamental problems of particle physics are studied theoretically. The first one is: to solve the problem of establishing general quantum number constrained equation, the symmetry transformation mechanism of charge eigenstates for elementary particles is adopted, and the quantum number constrained equation is established, which is applicable to physical particles. For hadrons, this equation is completely consistent with Gell-Mann-Nishijima formula. For leptons, the lepton quantum numbers are exactly the solutions of this equation. The second one is: to solve the problem of understanding singularity and calculating singular numbers, a hypothesis that a composite particle may has virtual structure is proposed. According to this hypothesis, the singular particles must be composite particles, and have virtual structures. In a virtual structure, the particles and antiparticles of component particles can form particle-antiparticle pairs, which have great influence such as improving mass and changing life of composite particles. Therefore, the composite particle with particle-antiparticle pairs in its virtual structure is singular particle, and the singular number is the number of particle-antiparticle pairs. These two theoretical results are in good agreement with the already achieved experimental results of particle physics, can explain the related phenomena of physical particles from a deeper physical mechanism, and theoretically predict the existence of singular leptons and several new singular hadrons.
Effect of animal&nbsp;origin and farm altitude on some physicochemical properties and minerals of milk samples
Authors: Mohammed Mohammed Elimam , Brima Eid Ibrahim , Alasidy Aed , Qurishi Nasir , Algarni Moad 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The physicochemical properties of milk depend on many factors, including the animal origin, animal health status, size, age, and nutrition, genetics, and environmental factors. This study investigated the effect of animal origin and altitude on some physicochemical properties of milk. The studied parameters were the pH, conductivity, moisture and ash percentages, total dissolved solids (TDS), specific gravity, sodium, potassium, and calcium. The animals from where the milk samples were collected were camels (8), goats (5) and sheep (6) and from two altitudes; 14 and 2110 meters above sea level. Standard methods were used to determine the physicochemical properties of milk samples while the flame photometer technique was used for the determination of the studied mineral concentrations. At the low altitude the conductivity was significantly different between the milks of the three ruminants and the moisture, TDS, specific gravity and calcium were significantly different between the camel and sheep milks. With regard to the animals living at the high altitude, the moisture, TDS, specific gravity and the ash were significantly different between the camel and sheep milks and between the sheep and goat milks while the minerals were insignificantly different between the three milk samples. Concerning the effect of altitude on each milk, it significantly affected the pH, conductivity, ash percentage, and potassium in the camel milk samples, while it significantly affected the conductivity, specific gravity, ash percentage and the calcium in goat milks whereas it significantly affected the ash percentage in the sheep milk samples. The animal origin and the altitude have significant effects on the majority of the studied parameters.
Mist chamber extraction for improved diagnosis of Meloidogyne spp. from golf course bermudagrass
Authors: Crow William T. , Habteweld Alemayehu , Bean Thomas 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Meloidogyne spp. are among the most damaging plant-parasitic nematodes to golf course bermudagrass in the southern United States. Diagnostic samples processed by centrifugal flotation often recovered only low numbers of vermiform Meloidogyne spp. life stages (J2 and males) from soil, while roots were found to be heavily infested by sedentary life stages. Therefore, the University of Florida Nematode Assay Lab (NAL) evaluated mist extraction from turf plugs as a method for diagnosis of Meloidogyne spp. from golf course bermudagrass. Soil and turf plugs were obtained from 596 golf course bermudagrass small plots from multiple locations and cultivars over several years, and vermiform Meloidogyne spp. extracted from 100 cm3 of soil by centrifugal flotation and by mist chamber extraction from four 3.8-cm-diam. turf plugs were compared. Additionally, both extraction methods were performed on 431 golf course bermudagrass diagnostic samples received by the NAL from Florida, 36 golf course bermudagrass diagnostic samples from Texas, and 34 golf course bentgrass/bluegrass samples from California. In the small plots, and the bermudagrass samples from Florida and Texas, mist extraction had higher detection and recovery rates of vermiform Meloidogyne spp. than did centrifugal flotation. However, centrifugal flotation had higher detection and recovery rates than mist extraction from bentgrass/bluegrass samples from California. Mist extraction from turf plugs is superior to centrifugal flotation from soil for diagnosis of Meloidogyne spp. on golf course bermudagrass, but not on golf course bentgrass and bluegrass.
An Eco-friendly and Economical Approach for Removal of Remazol Blue, Malachite Green and Rhodamine B Dyes from Wastewater using Bio-char Derived from Chlorella Vulgaris Biomass
Authors: Jayaseelan Arun , Panchamoorthy Gopinath Kannappan , Nithianantharaj Vinitha 
Published: November 2020

Background::Rapid urbanization and industrialization has led to depletion of water resource and generation of enormous amount of wastewater. One among them is textile industry which discharge huge amount of dye wastewater into aquatic environment.Methods::This study deals with adsorption of Remazol blue, Malachite green and Rhodamine B dyes into bio-char derived from Chlorella vulgaris biomass cultivated from municipal wastewater. Column studies were performed to depict the industrial usage of bio-char for treatment of large quantity of wastewater. Effect of temperature, time, pH, dye concentration and adsorbent dosage on dye removal was studied in batch process.Results::The best batch adsorption conditions are temperature (25⁰C), time (60min), pH (7), dye concentration (100ppm) and adsorbent dosage (1g) with ± 5% for all three dyes. Dye removal percentage of bio-char increased with increased in adsorbent dosage to 94.5%, 88.2% and 90.1% for Remazol blue, Malachite green and Rhodamine B dyes at 1g/L adsorbent dosage. Freundlich isotherm exhibited correlation coefficient (R2) values of 0.99, 0.98 and 0.99 for Remazol blue, Malachite green and Rhodamine B dyes respectively. Kinetic studies revealed that all three dyes followed pseudo first order model. Increase in column bed height resulted in increased dye removal percentage since increase in bed height resulted in increase in bio-char quantity with more number of surface area.Conclusion::From the study, it can be concluded that Bio-char was the economical and eco-friendly alternative adsorbent for wastewater treatment process. Bio-char reusability study revealed that it could be used for 3-4 consecutive cycles.
DEVELOPMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION OF GASTRO RETENTIVE MUCOADHESIVE MICROBEADS CONTAINING SIMVASTATIN WITH DIFFERENT CROSS LINKING AGENTS
Authors: K. VENKATA RAMANA REDDY , M. V. NAGABHUSHANAM , B. PAMULA REDDY , E. RAVINDAR NAIK 
Published: November 2020

Objective: The aim of the present work was to prepare and examine drug release of the oral controlled release microbeads using different curing agents by emulsification internal ionic gelation technique.
Methods: Cross-linked alginate microbeads were prepared with different cross linking agents by using mucoadhesive properties. The formation and compatibility of microbeads were confirmed by compatibility studies. Prepared microbeads evaluated for encapsulated efficiency, micromeritic properties, drug loading, in vitro wash off studies, in vitro dissolution studies, drug release kinetics and stability studies
Results: The in vitro drug release was influenced by both type of curing agents and type of polymers and no significant changes in characterization parameters was observed after 3 mo stability studies. The sustained release profile of optimized batch was found to be 99.66±0.18% in comparison to pure drug profile of 28.64±0.02% at 12 h release study. Results of both wash-off and in vitro studies suggests that batch (SF2) prepared with aluminium chloride has shown better mucoadhesive property. Drug release of optimized batch follows zero order with non fickian mechanism according to Korsmeyer-Peppas equation.
Conclusion: The data suggest the use of simvastatin mucoadhesive cross linked microbeads to offer the potential for oral controlled drug delivery with improved gastric retention and capable to provide sustained drug release by using cross linking agents.
ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES OF BELIMBING WULUH (AVERRHOA BILIMBI L.) ETHYL ACETATE EXTRACT ON GEL FORMULATED AGAINST PROPIONIBACTERIUM ACNES AND STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS
Authors: PERTIWI DEWI , HAFIZ IHSANUL , JANNAH WARDATUL , WINATA HANAFIS SASTRA , SARI MELIA , SUROYO RAZIA BEGUM 
Published: November 2020

Objective: Averrhoa bilimbi is a plant that is used as a food spice and traditional medicine in Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to obtain a gel formula and measure its activity in inhibiting the growth of skin bacteria, namely Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus aureus.
Methods: The gel formulation was tested organoleptically, homogeneity, pH, dispersibility test, and skin irritation test. Antibacterial activity test using agar diffusion method, inhibition of bacterial growth was compared with clindamycin as a positive control.
Results: All gel formulations showed good homogeneity, pH of the preparations ranged from 4.5 to 6.1, the dispersion test was 5.5-6.5 cm, and none of them caused irritation to the skin. The results of the inhibitory activity against the growth of Propionibacterium acnes bacteria on concentrations 10, 15, and 20% were 16.67 + 0.40, 22.70 + 0.32 and 28.10 + 0.36 and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria were 18.53 + 0.22, 24.16 + 0.29 and 30.40 + 0.4. The inhibitory activity of clindamycin against Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria were 35.33+0.29 and 36.30+0.37.
Conclusion: Ethyl acetate extract gel Averrhoa bilimbi had good activity in inhibiting the growth of Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria and has the potential to be used as an herbal anti-acne drug.