bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimization, Characterization, & In vitro Evaluation of Spent Mushroom-Based Bio-fungicide for Tomato (Solanum lycopersicon L.) Disease Management
Authors: Figueroa Mary Amor G. , Jr. Romel R. Sajorga, , Cahagna-an Rowena M. , Caser Rosemarie P. , Ybañez Reymon Z. 
Published: December 2024

Aims: This study evaluated the potential of spent mushroom substrate (SMS) as an organic bio-fungicide for managing tomato diseases effectively while promoting sustainable agricultural practices.
Study Design: Optimization tests utilized ANOVA (p < 0.05) to assess the effects of fermentation periods and SMS-to-water ratios on the bio-fungicide's effectiveness. Significant differences among treatments were analyzed using LSD, identifying optimal preparation conditions. A T-test compared the physico-chemical properties of fermented and non-fermented SMS-based bio-fungicides. Additionally, In vitro efficacy against various fungal diseases of tomato was evaluated using ANOVA and Tukey’s HSD test for precise treatment comparisons.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at the Mushroom and Crop Protection Laboratory, Surigao del Norte State University (SNSU) – Mainit Campus, Magpayang, Mainit, Surigao del Norte, Philippines.
Methodology: Fermentation periods (2, 4, and 7 days) and SMS-to-water ratios (0.5 kg, 1.0 kg, and 2.0 kg per 20 L) were evaluated to optimize beneficial microbial growth. Physico-chemical properties of both fermented and non-fermented SMS-based bio-fungicides were analyzed to determine nutrient composition and microbial activity. In vitro efficacy trials assessed the bio-fungicide’s ability to control soil-borne, foliar, and post-harvest tomato diseases.
Results: ANOVA and LSD analyses identified 1.0 kg SMS per 20 L water fermented for 7 days as the optimal formulation, achieving the highest microbial population (41,666.67 CFU/mL) dominated by Trichoderma spp., Penicillium spp., actinomycetes, and Bacillus spp. Fermentation significantly enhanced the nutrient profile, increasing levels of P, Ca, Mg, Fe, and Cu, while reducing N, Zn, and Mn, thereby optimizing microbial activity and nutrient availability. In vitro assays demonstrated superior efficacy of fermented SMS bio-fungicides at 20 mL/100 mL water in managing tomato diseases, significantly outperforming non-fermented formulations.
Conclusion: This study highlights SMS as a sustainable and eco-friendly bio-fungicide, aligning with circular economy principles in mushroom production. Its effectiveness in controlling tomato diseases underscores its potential as an innovative solution for sustainable agriculture. Further field validation and application to other crops are recommended to maximize its broader utility.
Manganese‐Based Functional Nanoplatforms: Nanosynthetic Construction, Physiochemical Property, and Theranostic Applicability
Authors: Qian Xiaoqin , Han Xiaoxia , Yu Luodan , Xu Tianming , Chen Yu 
Published: November 2019

AbstractTransition metal‐based nanoparticles have shown their broad applications in versatile biomedical applications. Although traditional iron‐based nanoparticles have been extensively explored in biomedicine, transition metal manganese (Mn)‐based nanoparticulate systems have emerged as a multifunctional nanoplatform with their intrinsic physiochemical property and biological effect for satisfying the strict biomedical requirements. This comprehensive review focuses on recent progress of Mn‐based functional nanoplatforms in biomedicine with the particular discussion on their elaborate construction, physiochemical property, and theranostic applicability. Several Mn‐based nanosystems are discussed in detail, including solid/hollow MnOx nanoparticles, 2D MnOx nanosheets, MnOx‐silica/mesoporous silica nanoparticles, MnOx‐Fe3O4 nanoparticles, MnOx‐Au, MnOx‐fluorescent nanoparticles, Mn‐based organic composite nanosystem, and some specific/unique Mn‐based nanocomposites. Their versatile biomedical applications include pH/reducing‐responsive T1‐weighted positive magnetic resonance imaging, controlled drug loading/delivery/release, protection of neurological disorder, photothermal hyperthermia, photodynamic therapy, chemodynamic therapy, alleviation of tumor hypoxia, immunotherapy, and some specific synergistic therapies, which are based on their disintegration behavior under the mildly acidic/reducing condition, multiple enzyme‐mimicking activity, catalytic‐triggering Fenton reaction, etc. The biological effects and biocompatibility of these Mn‐based nanosystems are also discussed, accompanied with a discussion on challenges/critical issues and an outlook on the future developments and clinical‐translation potentials of these intriguing Mn‐based functional nanoplatforms.
Magneto‐Fluorescent Perovskite Nanocomposites for Directed Cell Motion and Imaging
Authors: Tan Max J. H. , Ravichandran Divyapoorani , Ang Hui Li , Ong Evon Woan Yuann , Lim Cheryldine Qiu Xuan , Kam Gabriel M. Q. , Kumar Alan P. , Tan Zhi‐Kuang 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe ability for a magnetic field to penetrate biological tissues without attenuation has led to significant interest in the use of magnetic nanoparticles for biomedical applications. In particular, active research is ongoing in the areas of magnetically guided drug delivery and magnetic hyperthermia treatment. However, the difficulties in tracing these optically nonactive magnetic nanoparticles hinder their usage in medical research or treatment. Here, a new perovskite‐based magneto‐fluorescent nanocomposite that allows the in situ, real‐time optical visualization of magnetically induced cellular movements is reported. A swelling–deswelling technique is employed to capture a cesium lead halide perovskite and magnetite nanoparticles within a biocompatible polyvinylpyrrolidone matrix, to produce a water‐dispersible composite that possesses a combination of strong magnetic response and intense fluorescence. The wavelength‐tunability of perovskite nanocrystals is taken advantage of to demonstrate simultaneous multicolor fluorescent tagging of cancer stem cells. The magneto‐directed motion of the cancer stem cells through a microfluidic channel is also imaged as a proof‐of‐concept toward an optically traceable magnetic manipulation of biological systems. These dual‐functional nanocomposites could find promising applications in advanced biotechnologies, such as in optogenetics, cellular separation, and drug delivery studies.
NIR‐II Fluorescence Endoscopy for Targeted Imaging of Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Suo Yongkuan , Wu Fengxia , Xu Pengfei , Shi Hui , Wang Tingzhong , Liu Hongguang , Cheng Zhen 
Published: November 2019

AbstractEndoscopy is a clinical gold standard to exam the interior of a hollow organ or body cavity. For the first of time, this study presents the design and construction of a fluorescent endoscopic system that harnesses the power of the second near‐infrared window II (NIR‐II) fluorescence imaging. An NIR‐II fluorescent molecular probe, indocyanine green (ICG) conjugated bevacizumab (Bev‐ICG) that targets vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), is successfully synthesized and evaluated along with the NIR‐II endoscopy imaging system. Simultaneous NIR‐II fluorescence and white‐light (WL) imaging of VEGF is validated in an orthotopic rat colorectal cancer model. This NIR‐II endoscopy system is a generalizable design, and it is compatible with the most of current clinic endoscopies. Similar hardware upgrades are expected to greatly promote the application of NIR‐II fluorescent imaging in the clinic.
Investigating the effect of pressure on a vertical two‐phase upward flow with a high viscosity liquid
Authors: Abdulkadir Mukhtar , Abdulahi Abolore , Eastwick Carol N. , Azzopardi Barry J. , Smith Ivar E. , Unander Tor E. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis article presents void fraction and pressure gradient data for sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) with gas densities of 28 and 45 kg/m3 and oil (with viscosity 35 times that for water) in a 127 mm diameter pipe. The superficial velocities of gas ranged from 0.1 to 3 m/s and those for liquid from 0.1 to 1 m/s, respectively. Measurements of void fraction data were recorded using a capacitance wire mesh sensor (WMS) system, which permits the 3D visualization of the flow patterns. All the data were obtained with a data acquisition frequency of 1,000 Hz. A differential pressure transducer was used to measure the pressure drops along the length of the pipe. The WMS provide time and cross‐sectionally resolved data on void fraction and from an analysis of its output, flow patterns were identified using the characteristic signatures of probability density function (PDF) plot of time series of void fraction. The PDF plots showed the single peak shapes associated with bubbly and churn flows but not the twin‐peaked shape usually seen in slug flows. This confirms previous work in larger diameter pipes but with less viscous liquids. For the bubble and churn flows investigated, the pressure gradient was observed to decrease with an increase in gas superficial velocity. Nevertheless, there was an insignificant observed effect of pressure on void fraction below certain transitional flow rates, the effect however became significant beyond these values. In the present work, wisps appear to be smaller, which might be due to the different fluid properties of the working fluids employed. In addition, wisps are easily revealed as long as there is a transition between churn and annular flows regardless of the pressure. Experimental data on void fraction and pressure gradient are compared against existing data. Reasonably good agreements were observed from the results of the comparison.
Analysis of bubble coalescence and determination of the bubble radius for long‐chain branched poly(ethylene terephthalate) melt foaming with a pressure balanced bubble‐growth model
Authors: Ge Yukai , Lu Jiawei , Liu Tao 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA pressure balanced bubble‐growth (PBB) model was proposed to analyze bubble coalescence and determine the bubble radius for the melt foaming of long‐chain branched poly(ethylene terephthalate) (LCB‐PET). The key for the PBB model calculation was to determine the bubble inner pressure composed of additional pressure induced by interface tension, and molecular stress, that is, the biaxial tensile stress of the polymer cell wall calculated with the molecular stress function model. LCB‐PET was generated by reactive extrusion, and the molecular structure and viscoelasticity were well characterized. Batch melt‐foaming experiments with CO2 were conducted for the LCB‐PET. The critical coalescence radius curve was calculated with the PBB model to dynamically describe the bubble coalescence and evaluate the melt foamability. The PBB model was also used to determine the bubble size of LCB‐PET foam. Both the evaluation of the melt‐foamability and the determination of the bubble radius agreed well the experimental results.
De Novo Transcriptome Analysis of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Metabolism in Marine Protist Thraustochytriidae sp. PKU#Mn16
Authors: Yang Xuewei , Li Siting , Li Shuangfei , Liu Liangxu , Hu Zhangli 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThraustochytriidae sp., have drawn the attention as a promising source for producing significant quantities of omega‐3 fatty acids. In this study, Thraustochytriidae sp. PKU#Mn16, with impressive docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) production, was de novo assembled as a complete transcriptome. A total of 59.65 Mb clean reads were assembled into 35,745 transcripts, with a mean size of 991 bp. The results allowed us to annotate 11,924 (45.97%) of the transcripts with putative functions. The potential target genes enriched for specific gene ontology terms, including metabolic process (469 genes) and macromolecular complex (221 genes), were identified. There were 6858 (26.44%) putative proteins classified into 25 categories, of which 459 (6.69%) predicted proteins were assigned to lipid transport and metabolism, closely related to DHA production. The most strongly represented pathways annotated from the kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) database were metabolism pathways including carbohydrate (388, 6.99%), amino acid (375, 6.76%), and lipid (330, 5.95%). Of these unigenes with coding sequences, the majority (2950) were 200–300 bp. A total of 7362 simple sequence repeats were identified with the frequency occurrence of 1/4.15 kb. This study reveals a wealth of the most comprehensive transcriptomic resource currently available for Thraustochytriidae sp., which could facilitate further research into the molecular mechanisms of fatty acid production.
Robust and Reliable Quantification of Phospholipids in Edible Oils Using 31P NMR Spectroscopy
Authors: van Rijn Jozef H. J. , Lankhorst Peter P. , Groen Paul B. M. , Muntendam Remco , de Souza Adriana Carvalho 
Published: November 2019

AbstractUpon storage, crude plant oils will form a solid sediment called gum, which consists mainly of phospholipids (PL). PL are removed during the production of edible oils by a process called degumming. A higher yield is recognized as a major advantage of enzymatic degumming over traditional processes. Robust and accurate PL quantification methods are needed to develop and monitor enzymatic degumming processes. Several techniques, such as atomic emission spectroscopy, liquid chromatography, and thin‐layer chromatography, have been applied for the quantification of PL in edible oils. In the past decade, 31P NMR spectroscopy has been shown to have advantages over these techniques because of the possibility of the simultaneous, fast, and accurate quantification of different PL directly in the oil. This article demonstrates the application of 31P NMR spectroscopy as a method for the quantification of all relevant PL and phosphorous‐containing degradation products in crude and refined oils. In addition, the validation results show that this method is robust because the limit of detection is as low as 5 μmol/100 g oil. Variations of less than 5% were obtained for all P‐containing compounds present in the oils at concentrations above 100 μmol/100 g oil.
Effect of organically modified layered double hydroxides on the properties of poly(lactic acid)/poly[(butylene succinate)‐co‐adipate] immiscible blends
Authors: Mhlabeni Thobile , Kesavan Pillai Sreejarani , Ray Suprakas Sinha 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTIn this study, poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/poly[(butylene succinate)‐co‐adipate] (PBSA) blend and its nanocomposites with layered double hydroxides (LDH) containing surface stearic acid functional groups (SaLDH) were prepared using the extrusion method, where the weight ratio of PLA/PBSA was fixed at 80/20, while that of the SaLDH varied from 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 wt%. The characterization of SaLDH using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) confirmed the presence of stearic acid moieties on the LDH surface. Comprehensive characterization of nanocomposites showed concurrent improvement of the thermal, mechanical, and oxygen gas barrier properties of nanocomposite containing 0.5 wt% of SaLDH. These properties are shown to result from improved interfacial interaction between the polymer matrices and the homogeneous distribution of nanoclay particles obtained at 0.5 wt% SaLDH concentration. The nanocomposite material thus shows high prospects in the industrial development of environmentally sustainable food and cosmetic packaging applications. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 137, 48654.
Microwave‐irradiated tanning reaction of aluminum with collagen
Authors: Liu Yue , Zhang Jinwei , Chen Wuyong , Astruc Didier , Gu Haibin 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTGiven the toxicity of chrome tanning in leather industry, ecologically compatible alternatives are intensively researched, in particular on the side of aluminum tanning. Herein, the tanning reaction of aluminum with collagen was investigated using microwave irradiation as a new heating method, and the traditional water bath heating (WBH) was used as control. Results from dynamic light scattering and very‐positive differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis reveal that, microwave heating led to larger particle size and increased main denaturing transition temperature of collagen clusters crosslinked by aluminum sulfate. The aluminum‐tanned collagen products obtained under microwave and WBH methods were further compared and characterized using many techniques including circular dichroism, fluorescence spectroscopy, atomic force microscope, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, DSC, and thermogravimetry. Results verified that both heating methods accelerate the crosslinking reaction of aluminum with collagen and increase the crosslinking degrees. The crosslinked products exhibited improved thermal stability, but no change was observed concerning the binding mode of aluminum with collagen. However, compared to WBH microwave heating has a more positive effect on the aluminum‐tanning processes for the improvement of collagen crosslinking processes and product performances, probably due to both thermal and nonthermal effects of microwave irradiation. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 137, 48682.
Liquid‐crystalline Metallomacrocycles Composed of Bis(hydroxypyridono)toluene Ligand and Cu2+ Ions
Authors: Kawano Shin‐ichiro , Ideta Kohei , Banno Tomohiko , Tanaka Kentaro 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA series of π‐extended chelating scaffolds incorporating two hydroxypyridone moieties were synthesized. X‐ray crystallographic analysis revealed that a bis(hydroxypyridono)toluene ligand possessed a unique π‐extended structure and exhibited efficient phase segregation from the aliphatic chains attached at the heterocyclic nitrogen. The bis‐bidentate ligand formed a metal‐coordination‐induced macrocycle with Cu2+ ions. During the complexation, a spectral change in the visible region was induced. Furthermore, the successful development of a liquid crystal of the metallomacrocycle with appropriate side chains was achieved. Examples of liquid‐crystalline macrocycles formed via metal‐mediated self‐assembly are still rare. Among them, the macrocycle described in this paper showed an obvious hexagonal columnar phase reflecting the three‐fold symmetric planar structure of the mesogenic metal complex.
A pilot study on the effect of early provision of dietary docosahexaenoic acid on testis development, functions, and sperm quality in rats exposed to prenatal ethanol
Authors: Kapourchali Fatemeh R. , Louis Xavier L. , Eskin Michael N. A. , Suh Miyoung 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundPrenatal ethanol (EtOH) exposure is associated with adverse effect on the male reproductive function. Dietary docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is known to improve testis function and sperm parameters, thereby male fertility. This study piloted whether dietary DHA influences testis development and function in rats exposed to prenatal EtOH.MethodsPregnant female Sprague–Dawley rats (n = 30) received either EtOH (3 g/kg, twice a day, n = 14) or dextrose (n = 16) throughout pregnancy. Moreover, they were fed either diet supplemented with (Cont + DHA, n = 8, EtOH + DHA, n = 6) or without DHA (1.4% w/w of total fatty acids) (Cont, EtOH, n = 8 each), with pups being continued on their mothers' diet after weaning. Tissues were collected at gestational day (GD) 20, postnatal day (PD) 4, 21, 49 and 90 for analyzing testicular developmental markers and sperm parameters, and plasma for testosterone.ResultsDietary DHA increased serum testosterone at GD20 (p < .05) and sperm normal morphology at PD90 (p < .0001) compared to the group without DHA supplementation. Dietary DHA also increased the height of germinal epithelium at peripuberty, PD49 (p < .03). The EtOH exposure induced a marked decline in the testicular gene expression of StAR at PD49 (p < .02) than those of non‐EtOH treated group.ConclusionsThese findings indicate that dietary DHA may positively contribute to male fertility by impacting sperm normal morphology likely by increasing fetal testosterone level. Prenatal EtOH exposure did not adversely affect the overall testis developmental markers during development and sperm parameters in adulthood.
Comparative effectiveness of surgery versus external beam radiation with/without brachytherapy in high‐risk localized prostate cancer
Authors: Yin Ming , Zhao Jing , Monk Paul , Martin Douglas , Folefac Edmund , Joshi Monika , Jin Ning , Mortazavi Amir , Verschraegen Claire , Clinton Steven 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundIt remains controversial if radical prostatectomy or definitive radiation therapy produces equivalent outcomes in high‐risk localized prostate cancer.MethodsWe queried The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database for those who received upfront surgery or who were recommended for surgery but instead received radiation. Inverse probability of treatment weighing was used to adjust for covariate imbalance and the weighted Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate the effects of treatment groups on survival. A meta‐analysis was performed to pool estimates from published studies.ResultsAmong eligible 62 533 patients, 59 540 had upfront surgery and 2993 patients had upfront radiotherapy. EBRT + BT was associated with a superior cancer‐specific survival (CSS) compared with surgery or EBRT alone (HR, 0.55, 95% CI, 0.3‐1.0; HR, 0.49, 95% CI, 0.24‐0.98, respectively), whereas EBRT was associated with an inferior overall survival (OS) compared with surgery (HR, 1.46, 95% CI, 1.16‐1.8). Radiotherapy (EBRT ± BT) was inferior to surgery by OS (HR, 1.63, 95% CI, 1.13‐2.34) in patients ≤ 65 years, and was superior to surgery by CSS in patients > 65 years (HR, 0.69, 95% CI, 0.49‐0.97). The meta‐analysis showed consistent results.ConclusionEBRT + BT was associated with a significantly better prostate CSS compared with surgery or EBRT. EBRT alone was inferior to surgery by OS.
“Between a rock and the mitral valve space”: Transcatheter mitral valve‐in‐valve implantation for paravalvular leak and refractory hemolysis complicated by circumflex coronary occlusion
Authors: Adams Heath S. L. , Rajani Ronak , Hildick‐Smith David , Redwood Simon 
Published: November 2019

AbstractTranscatheter mitral valve implantation (TMVI) is an emerging field in structural cardiology. A particularly difficult group to treat is high‐risk patients requiring valve in mitral annular calcification (ViMAC) intervention, with overall poor procedural success and outcomes in recent registries. This case highlights an unusual complication of paravalvular regurgitation (PVL) through the uncovered stent frame of a balloon expandable transcatheter heart valve (THV) on the left ventricular side of the prosthesis, leading to mechanical hemolysis and subsequent anuric renal failure post a ViMAC procedure. Attempts to treat the PVL with an occlusion plug device were unsuccessful and led to left circumflex coronary occlusion secondary to mechanical compression of the vessel in the posterior mitral valve annulus, a previously unreported phenomenon. A repeat valve‐in‐valve procedure was performed to treat the PVL, and immediate angioplasty resolved the left circumflex occlusion. High‐risk patients requiring TMVI pose multiple challenges to Heart Teams in the treatment of valve pathology. Optimal procedural planning, multimodality imaging, improved THVs, and the awareness of potential complications are fundamental in overcoming the learning curve of TMVI and improved outcome for patients requiring ViMAC.