bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The improvements balalayka repertoire in the XX century
Authors: Shchitova Svitlana , Laskurin Ivan 
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this article is to reveal the features of concert and instrumental music for balalaika in the 20th century by the example of the Concert for balalaika with orchestra by P. Gaydamaki. The methods of this scientific item are based on the research ways of historical and performing analysis. There is using of empirical methods, a namely observation and generalization. The scientific novelty for this investigation is determined by the appeal to the compositions of the academic instrumental repertoire of the balalaika of the 20th century, as the least studied cultural and historical period in the field of academic balalaika performing. Conclusions. The formation and development of the balalaika as an academic tool, began its journey from the 20th century and continues today. A historically significant role in this belongs to the outstanding composer, teacher, performer, conductor, arranger Vasily Vasilievich Andreev and his followers. Today, balalaika as an instrument is actively developing in Ukraine. The repertoire is replenished with new works, new methodological collections are issued, the instrument continues to sound both solo and as an integral part of folk ensembles of small and large forms, orchestras. Since 1965, the genre of solo balalaika concert in Ukraine begins its history. One of its first authors can be considered Peter Danilovich Gaydamakа. The concert of P. Gaydamakа, which became the material of our research, is an example of the use of new achievements in performing, technical techniques, finding balance, dynamic and timbral correspondence for parts of balalaika and orchestra. The Concerto for balalaika and orchestra by P. Gaydamakа is having a big form as a base. Difficulties in realizing the large form for the balalaika, problems in building the dramaturgy of the material, the difficulty of balancing the dynamic and expressive capabilities of the instrument, prompt composers to further discoveries that contribute to the expansion of the repertoire for balalaika as an academic instrument in Ukraine.
Análise in silico da farmacocinética, da farmacodinâmica e da toxicidade de dois compostos isolados da Moringa oleífera
Authors: Santana Lucas Eduardo Gomes de Sousa , Miranda Isabella Karine Irene , Sousa Joubert Aires 
Published: December 2020

A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo avaliar in silico a farmacocinética, a farmacodinâmica e os parâmetros toxicológicos do fitol e do timol isolados da Moringa oleífera. A análise farmacocinética e toxicológica foi realizada pelo servidor online PreADMET que é mantido pela Universidade de Seul na Coreia do Sul e está disponível em (https://preadmet.bmdrc.kr/). O código fonte do arquivo (.mol) da molécula foi inserida no servidor PreADMET e realizou-se a predição in silico de diversos parâmetros farmacocinéticos e toxicológicos do fitol e timol com base na relação estrutura-atividade dessas moléculas com outras moléculas previamente pesquisadas e com seus resultados disponíveis em vários bancos de dados. Na análise farmacodinâmica, foi utilizado outro servidor online o Swiss Target Prediction onde foram observados os alvos que as moléculas se ligaram e qual a probabilidade de ligação. De acordo com o PreADMET, os parâmetros farmacocinéticos analisados, apresentaram resultados bastantes significativos com alvos moleculares importantes como a COX, receptores do GABA e serotoninérgicos por exemplo, porém, para os parâmetros toxicológicos, foram razoáveis, em que o fitol mostrou ser favorável para a carcinogenicidade em ratos, mas não em camundongos, por apresentarem diferenças na fisiologia no tocante a metabolização e o timol positivou no Teste de Ames em três cepas, sendo negativa apenas em uma. Foi possível observar que, é necessário um estudo mais aprofundado para confirmar os diferentes tipos de modificações moleculares a fim de aprimorar os parâmetros que não foram satisfatórios.
Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação em tempos de COVID-19
Authors: Santos Anna Keylla da Silva dos , Moniz Marcela de Abreu , Louro Thiago Quinellato , Ribeiro Yonara Cristiane , Carmo Cleber Nascimento do , Daher Donizete Vago , Sabóia Vera Maria , Soares Lídia Santos , Dias Rayara Mozer , Vollmer Rayssa Bravo de Oliveira , Magalhães Ariadne Gomes da Costa 
Published: December 2020

Objetivo: Analisar o uso de diferentes Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação para disseminação de informações públicas sobre COVID-19 na região Sudeste do Brasil. Método: Estudo transversal realizado entre julho e agosto de 2020 com 2.477 pessoas residentes do Sudeste brasileiro. O instrumento foi disponibilizado online por redes sociais. Foi empregada estatística descritiva com teste do qui-quadrado e exato de Fisher para análise dos dados. Resultados: Todos os tipos de canais de comunicação analisados diferiram significativamente conforme o sexo e faixa de renda familiar mensal. Os respondentes com 18 a 39 anos receberam informações da COVID-19 por meio das mídias sociais, WhatsApp e vídeos do Youtube. Conclusão: Identificou-se predominância de mulheres com idade entre 18 a 39 anos e renda mensal de 2 a 4 salários mínimos, que receberam informações sobre COVID-19 via mídias tradicionais. Contudo, a maioria dos participantes gostaria de receber informações e sanar dúvidas da COVID-19 via aplicativo WhatsApp, uma Tecnologia da Informação e da Comunicação que deve ser utilizada e avaliada por pesquisadores e autoridades sanitárias para comunicação dos riscos da COVID-19.
Conhecimento especializado de professores de Língua Portuguesa PLTSK : transposição direta do MTSK
Authors: Moreira Joseany Sebastiana da Silva , Silva Marcela Marques , Evangelista Edson Gomes 
Published: December 2020

Os estudos sobre o conhecimento especializado de professores são realizados há anos em diversos países, com isso foram elaborados alguns modelos teóricos para as diferentes áreas do ensino. A pesquisa sobre os modelos teóricos de Física (PTSK[1]) e Química (CTSK[2]) iniciaram com a transposição direta do modelo de Conhecimentos Especializados de Professores de Matemática - MTSK, realizando a definição e descrição dos domínios e subdomínios capazes de caracterizar o conhecimento especializado de professores das disciplinas. O objetivo deste artigo foi avaliar a proposta de elaboração do modelo de Língua Portuguesa nomeado como Portuguese Language Teacher's Specialized Knowledge (Conhecimento Especializado de Professores de Língua Portuguesa – PLTSK) a partir da Professores de Matemática - MTSK, realizando a definição e descrição dos domínios e subdomínios capazes de caracterizar o conhecimento especializado de professores das disciplinas. O objetivo deste artigo foi avaliar a proposta de elaboração do modelo de Língua Portuguesa nomeado como Portuguese Language Teacher's Specialized Knowledge (Conhecimento Especializado de Professores de Língua Portuguesa – PLTSK) a partir da transposição direta do MTSK. Para realizar a modelagem do PLTSK, inicialmente, será feita a identificação de evidências do conhecimento especializado em artigos científicos classificados como Professional and Pedagogical Experience Repertorie (PaP-eRs), descrito por Loughran et al. como artigos que ilustram para o pesquisador os elementos que caracterizam o conhecimentos dos professores e permitem que sejam reconhecidos os aspectos da pedagogia, do conteúdo e do contexto. O encaminhamento metodológico será de cunho analítico-interpretativo, sendo a pesquisa qualitativa, o que possibilitará fazer a determinação sistemática do conhecimento especializado de professores de Língua Portuguesa. A elaboração do PLTSK trará inúmeros benefícios para a educação, como: melhor formação profissional, maior valorização da profissão docente e melhoria na qualidade do ensino da disciplina.

[1]PTSK - Sigla em inglês para: Physical Teacher's Specialized Knowledge.
4CTSK - Sigla em inglês para: Chemistry Teacher's Specialized Knowledge.
Empagliflozin Decreases Lactate Generation in an NHE-1 Dependent Fashion and Increases α-Ketoglutarate Synthesis From Palmitate in Type II Diabetic Mouse Hearts
Authors: Zhang Hong , Uthman Laween , Bakker Diane , Sari Sahinda , Chen Sha , Hollmann Markus W. , Coronel Ruben , Weber Nina C. , Houten Sander M. , van Weeghel Michel , Zuurbier Coert J. 
Published: December 2020

Aims/hypothesis: Changes in cardiac metabolism and ion homeostasis precede and drive cardiac remodeling and heart failure development. We previously demonstrated that sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i's) have direct cardiac effects on ion homeostasis, possibly through inhibition of the cardiac sodium/hydrogen exchanger (NHE-1). Here, we hypothesize that Empagliflozin (EMPA) also possesses direct and acute cardiac effects on glucose and fatty acid metabolism of isolated type II diabetes mellitus (db/db) mouse hearts. In addition, we explore whether direct effects on glucose metabolism are nullified in the presence of an NHE-1 inhibitor.Methods: Langendorff-perfused type II diabetic db/db mouse hearts were examined in three different series: 1: 13C glucose perfusions (n = 32); 2: 13C palmitate perfusions (n = 13); and 3: 13C glucose + 10 μM Cariporide (specific NHE-1 inhibitor) perfusions (n = 17). Within each series, EMPA treated hearts (1 μM EMPA) were compared with vehicle-perfused hearts (0.02% DMSO). Afterwards, hearts were snap frozen and lysed for stable isotope analysis and metabolomics using LC-MS techniques. Hearts from series 1 were also analyzed for phosphorylation status of AKT, STAT3, AMPK, ERK, and eNOS (n = 8 per group).Results: Cardiac mechanical performance, oxygen consumption and protein phosphorylation were not altered by 35 min EMPA treatment. EMPA was without an overall acute and direct effect on glucose or fatty acid metabolism. However, EMPA did specifically decrease cardiac lactate labeling in the 13C glucose perfusions (13C labeling of lactate: 58 ± 2% vs. 50 ± 3%, for vehicle and EMPA, respectively; P = 0.02), without changes in other glucose metabolic pathways. In contrast, EMPA increased cardiac labeling in α-ketoglutarate derived from 13C palmitate perfusions (13C labeling of α-KG: 79 ± 1% vs. 86 ± 1% for vehicle and EMPA, respectively; P = 0.01). Inhibition of the NHE by Cariporide abolished EMPA effects on lactate labeling from 13C glucose.Conclusions: The present study shows for the first time that the SGLT2 inhibitor Empagliflozin has acute specific metabolic effects in isolated diabetic hearts, i.e., decreased lactate generation from labeled glucose and increased α-ketoglutarate synthesis from labeled palmitate. The decreased lactate generation by EMPA seems to be mediated through NHE-1 inhibition.
Progress and Challenges in Studying Regional Permafrost in the Tibetan Plateau Using Satellite Remote Sensing and Models
Authors: Jiang Huiru , Zheng Guanheng , Yi Yonghong , Chen Deliang , Zhang Wenjiang , Yang Kun , Miller Charles E. 
Published: December 2020

Recent climate change has induced widespread soil thawing and permafrost degradation in the Tibetan Plateau. Significant advances have been made in better characterizing Tibetan Plateau soil freeze/thaw dynamics, and their interaction with local-scale ecohydrological processes. However, factors such as sparse networks of in-situ sites and short observational period still limit our understanding of the Tibetan Plateau permafrost. Satellite-based optical and infrared remote sensing can provide information on land surface conditions at high spatial resolution, allowing for better representation of spatial heterogeneity in the Tibetan Plateau and further infer the related permafrost states. Being able to operate at “all-weather” conditions, microwave remote sensing has been widely used to retrieve surface soil moisture, freeze/thaw state, and surface deformation, that are critical to understand the Tibetan Plateau permafrost state and changes. However, coarse resolution (&gt;10 km) of current passive microwave sensors can add large uncertainties to the above retrievals in the Tibetan Plateau area with high topographic relief. In addition, current microwave remote sensing methods are limited to detections in the upper soil layer within a few centimetres. On the other hand, algorithms that can link surface properties and soil freeze/thaw indices to permafrost properties at regional scale still need improvements. For example, most methods using InSAR (interferometric synthetic aperture radar) derived surface deformation to estimate active layer thickness either ignore the effects of vertical variability of soil water content and soil properties, or use site-specific soil moisture profiles. This can introduce non-negligible errors when upscaled to the broader Tibetan Plateau area. Integrating satellite remote sensing retrievals with process models will allow for more accurate representation of Tibetan Plateau permafrost conditions. However, such applications are still limiting due to a number of factors, including large uncertainties in current satellite products in the Tibetan Plateau area, and mismatch between model input data needs and information provided by current satellite sensors. Novel approaches to combine diverse datasets with models through model initialization, parameterization and data assimilation are needed to address the above challenges. Finally, we call for expansion of local-scale observational network, to obtain more information on deep soil temperature and moisture, soil organic carbon content, and ground ice content.
Evaluation of a Fully Automated Antinuclear Antibody Indirect Immunofluorescence Assay in Routine Use
Authors: Choi Hyun-Woo , Kwon Yong Jun , Park Ju-Heon , Lee Seung-Yeob , Chun Sejong , Won Eun Jeong , Lee Jun Hyung , Choi Hyun-Jung , Kim Soo Hyun , Shin Myung-Geun , Shin Jong-Hee , Kee Seung-Jung 
Published: December 2020

Indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) using HEp-2 cells as a substrate is the gold standard for detecting antinuclear antibodies (ANA) in patient serum. However, the ANA IFA has labor-intensive nature of the procedure and lacks adequate standardization. To overcome these drawbacks, the automation has been developed and implemented to the clinical laboratory. The purposes of this study were to evaluate the analytical performance of a fully automated Helios ANA IFA analyzer in a real-life laboratory setting, and to compare the time and the cost of ANA IFA testing before and after adopting the Helios system. A total of 3,276 consecutive serum samples were analyzed for ANA using the Helios system from May to August 2019. The positive/negative results, staining patterns, and endpoint titers were compared between Helios and visual readings. Furthermore, the turnaround time and the number of wells used were compared before and after the introduction of Helios system. Of the 3,276 samples tested, 748 were positive and 2,528 were negative based on visual readings. Using visual reading as the reference standard, the overall relative sensitivity, relative specificity, and concordance of Helios reading were 73.3, 99.4, and 93.4% (κ = 0.80), respectively. For pattern recognition, the overall agreement was 70.1% (298/425) for single patterns, and 72.4% (89/123) for mixed patterns. For titration, there was an agreement of 75.9% (211/278) between automated and classical endpoint titers by regarding within ± one titer difference as acceptable. Helios significantly shortened the median turnaround time from 100.6 to 55.7 h (P &lt; 0.0001). Furthermore, routine use of the system reduced the average number of wells used per test from 4 to 1.5. Helios shows good agreement in distinguishing between positive and negative results. However, it still has limitations in positive/negative discrimination, pattern recognition, and endpoint titer prediction, requiring additional validation of results by human observers. Helios provides significant advantages in routine laboratory ANA IFA work in terms of labor, time, and cost savings. We hope that upgrading and developing softwares with more reliable capabilities will allow automated ANA IFA analyzers to be fully integrated into the routine operations of the clinical laboratory.
Intratumor Heterogeneity Correlates With Reduced Immune Activity and Worse Survival in Melanoma Patients
Authors: Lin Zhen , Meng Xianyi , Wen Jinming , Corral José María , Andreev Darja , Kachler Katerina , Schett Georg , Chen Xiaoxiang , Bozec Aline 
Published: December 2020

BackgroundHuman malignant melanoma is a highly aggressive, heterogeneous and drug-resistant cancer. Due to a high number of clones, harboring various mutations that affect key pathways, there is an exceptional level of phenotypic variation and intratumor heterogeneity (ITH) in melanoma. This poses a significant challenge to personalized cancer medicine. Hitherto, it remains unclear to what extent the heterogeneity of melanoma affects the immune microenvironment. Herein, we explore the interaction between the tumor heterogeneity and the host immune response in a melanoma cohort utilizing The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA).MethodsClonal Heterogeneity Analysis Tool (CHAT) was used to estimate intratumor heterogeneity, and immune cell composition was estimated using CIBERSORT. The Overall Survival (OS) among groups was analyzed using Kaplan–Meier curves with the log-rank test and multivariate cox regression. RNA-seq data were evaluated to identify differentially expressed immunomodulatory genes. The reverse phase protein array (RPPA) data platform was used to validate immune responses at protein level.ResultsTumors with high heterogeneity were associated with decreased overall survival (p = 0.027). High CHAT tumors were correlated with less infiltration by anti-tumor CD8 T cells (p = 0.0049), T follicular cells (p = 0.00091), and M1 macrophages (p = 0.0028), whereas tumor-promoting M2 macrophages were increased (p = 0.02). High CHAT tumors correlated with a reduced expression of immunomodulatory genes, particularly Programmed Cell Death 1 (PD1) and its ligand PD-L1. In addition, high CHAT tumors exhibited lower immune Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs)-mediated toxicity pathway score (p = 2.9E−07) and cytotoxic pathway score (p = 2.9E−08). High CHAT tumors were also associated with a lower protein level of immune-regulatory kinases, such as lymphocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase (LCK) (p = 3.4e−5) and spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) (p = 0.0011).ConclusionsHighly heterogeneous melanoma tumors are associated with reduced immune cell infiltration and immune response activation as well as decreased survival. Our results reveal that intratumor heterogeneity is an indicative factor for patient survival due to its impact on anti-tumor immune response.
Neuromuscular exercise for chronic musculoskeletal pain in older people: a randomised controlled trial in primary care in Hong Kong
Authors: Sit Regina Wing Shan , Choi Shirley Yue Kwan , Wang Bo , Chan Dicken Cheong Chun , Zhang Dexing , Yip Benjamin Hon Kei , Wong Samuel Yeung Shan 
Published: December 2020

BackgroundExercise therapy is commonly prescribed by primary care physicians (PCPs) in the management of chronic musculoskeletal (MSK) pain.AimTo evaluate the clinical effectiveness of a supervised neuromuscular (NM) exercise programme in older people with chronic MSK pain.Design and settingThis was a 12-week, two-arm, randomised controlled trial comparing 6 weeks of supervised NM exercise versus waiting list controls. The authors enrolled 72 participants with chronic MSK pain at seven public primary care clinics.MethodParticipants were randomly allocated in block sizes of 12 to the NM (n = 36) and control groups (n = 36) in a 1:1 ratio. Data were collected at baseline, 6, and 12 weeks. The primary outcome was the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) pain severity score at 6 weeks post-intervention. Secondary outcomes included the BPI interference score; Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (PSEQ), Short Form Health Survey (SF-12), 7-item Generalised Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7), and 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) scores; and functional measurements using the Timed-Up- and-Go test and handgrip strength.ResultsAt 6 weeks, the NM group demonstrated a significantly greater improvement in the BPI pain severity score (between-group difference = −1.27; 95% confidence interval [CI] = −2.08 to −0.45; P<0.01), PSEQ (between-group difference = 6.5; 95% CI = 2.22 to 10.77; P<0.01), and SF-12 physical scores (between-group difference = 3.4; 95% CI = 0.05 to 6.75; P<0.05) compared with the control group. Statistically significant overall trends of improvement were also observed for the BPI interference and PHQ-9 scores.ConclusionNM exercise has the potential to reduce pain and improve self-efficacy and physical function in older people with chronic MSK pain. It can be an option for PCPs in exercise prescriptions.
Правове виховання в управлінській діяльності
Authors: Хаварівська Г. С. 
Published: December 2020

Розглянуто поняття, зміст, суб’єкти та об’єкт правового виховання. Охарактеризовано його мету та забезпечення правовиховного впливу в управлінській діяльності державних службовців. Визначено кризові умови, які безпосередньо впливають на процес правового виховання та розглянуто завдання і напрями оптимізації правового виховання в сучасних умовах.
Модернізація організаційно-комунікаційних основ державного управління галуззю охорони здоров’я
Authors: Бородін Є. І. , Устимчук О. В. 
Published: December 2020

Досліджено трансформаційні зміни в системі державного управління галуззю охорони здоров’я України під впливом пандемії COVID-19 у контексті цілей медичної реформи – забезпечення здоров’я нації та підвищення ефективності охорони здоров’я. Проаналізовано організаційно-комунікаційні основи управління галуззю, що слугують базисом поєднання всіх суб’єктів управління через обласні державні адміністрації: Міністерство охорони здоров’я України, органи місцевого самоврядування, управління (відділи) охорони здоров’я міст, центральні міські (районні) лікарні, обласні лікувально-профілактичні заклади, інші заклади охорони здоров’я, населення, засоби масової інформації, інші інститути та громадські організації. Акцентовано увагу на ролі органів управління галуззю в контексті діджиталізації сервісів у межах завдань медичної реформи. У системі управління галуззю охорони здоров’я нею запропоновано вважати глибинну трансформацію, проникнення цифрових технологій у процеси оптимізації та автоматизації завдань, підвищення продуктивності та покращення комунікаційної взаємодії зі споживачами медичних послуг. Обґрунтовано доцільність модернізації організаційно-комунікаційних основ державного управління галуззю охорони здоров’я завдяки діджиталізації баз даних та галузевих сервісів.
Участь громадськості у прийнятті державних рішень, захист навколишнього природного середовища та демократія
Authors: Іголкін С. М. , Нестеренко Г. П. 
Published: December 2020

Аргументовано, що підвищення рівня інформаційної обізнаності громадськості з питань охорони довкілля та забезпечення її широкої участі у прийнятті державно-управлінських рішень щодо охорони навколишнього середовища має бути пріоритетом держави, яка прагне налагодити ефективну взаємодію з громадськістю. Зазначено, що, своєю чергою, участь громадськості при розробленні державної політики допомагає вирішенню складних соціальних та екологічних проблем суспільства. Доведено, що зазначене є однією з основних передумов розвитку демократії. Розглянуто основні міжнародні та національні нормативні акти у сфері охорони навколишнього природного середовища. Наведено рівні участі громадян на різних етапах процесу прийняття державно-управлінських рішень. Розглянуто поняття екологічної демократії та визначено, що розвиток освіти і поширення екологічної інформації стимулюють відповідальність громадськості у вирішенні екологічних питань.