bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Augmented reality for relaunching tourism post-COVID-19: socially distant, virtually connected
Authors: Mohanty Priyakrushna , Hassan Azizul , Ekis Erdogan 
Published: December 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to understand the various facets of augmented reality (AR) and to explore its prospects for supporting the relaunch of the tourism sector post-COVID-19 in accordance with the guidelines set out by WHO and UNWTO.

Design/methodology/approach
This study falls into the category of exploratory research. It is based on a systematic review of secondary data. Thematic content analysis has been adopted to trace out the various ways in which AR can be an aid in overcoming challenges in the relaunch of tourism after the pandemic.

Findings
It was found that norms such as social distancing and lower mobility are going to be followed even after the COVID-19. Therefore, there will be a great demand for mobile and Web-based AR to not only ensure tourist safety but also to create unique, accessible, personalized, context-specific, deep and memorable experiences.

Practical implications
Apart from its academic contribution to the existing body of knowledge, this work can assist various tourism DMOs and policymakers to devise futuristic policies for AR-driven tourism management and development.

Originality/value
The COVID-19 pandemic is unprecedented and never seen before. In this context, this study establishes its novelty by exclusively focusing on the aspects of AR that can support the relaunch of tourism post-pandemic.
Simultaneous tongue metastasis from malignant pleural mesothelioma: Case report and literature review
Authors: Huang Chuan , Yang Xue 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMalignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare neoplasm of the serosal membranes. MPM usually manifests as local invasion, rarely with distant haematogenous metastases in different organs. Few cases of tongue metastasis have been documented. Here, we report the case of a 68‐year‐old man diagnosed with malignant pleural epithelioid mesothelioma together with a simultaneous tongue lesion, which was found to be metastatic malignant mesothelioma. Tongue metastasis from MPM is rare and the oral symptoms it causes could be an early sign of clinical manifestation. For patients with oral symptoms and a newly discovered tongue lesion, clinicians should be aware of the possibility of tongue metastasis and search for a primary malignancy.
Partisan Procurement: Contracting with the United States Federal Government, 2003–2015
Authors: Dahlström Carl , Fazekas Mihály , Lewis David E. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe U.S. federal government spends huge sums buying goods and services from outside of the public sector. Given the sums involved, strategic government purchasing can have electoral consequences. In this article, we suggest that more politicized agencies show favoritism to businesses in key electoral constituencies and to firms connected to political parties. We evaluate these claims using new data on U.S. government contracts from 2003 to 2015. We find that executive departments, particularly more politicized department‐wide offices, are the most likely to have contracts characterized by noncompetitive procedures and outcomes, indicating favoritism. Politically responsive agencies—but only those—give out more noncompetitive contracts in battleground states. We also observe greater turnover in firms receiving government contracts after a party change in the White House, but only in the more politicized agencies. We conclude that agency designs that limit appointee representation in procurement decisions reduce political favoritism.
Massive submacular haemorrhage in polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy versus typical neovascular age‐related macular degeneration
Authors: Cho Soo Chang , Cho JoonHee , Park Kyu Hyung , Woo Se Joon 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the incidence rate of massive submacular haemorrhage (SMH) and risk factors in polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) and typical neovascular age‐related macular degeneration (tnAMD).MethodsA total of 465 patients who were diagnosed with either PCV (n = 245) or tnAMD (n = 220) from 2003 to 2014 were enrolled. Cumulative incidence of massive SMH in PCV and that in tnAMD were compared. Risk factors of massive SMH were also analysed.ResultsMassive SMH occurred in 32 patients (13.1%) with PCV and 9 patients (4.1%) with tnAMD. Incidence rates of massive SMH 5 and 10 years after the first visit were 11.1% and 29.9% in PCV and 4.3% and 9.9% in tnAMD, respectively. Incidence rates of massive SMH in PCV were significantly higher than those in tnAMD (hazard ratio [HR], 2.66; p = 0.007). Cox regression analysis revealed that mean number of photodynamic therapies (PDTs) per year (HR, 4.24; p < 0.001), cluster type of polypoidal lesion (HR, 3.42; p = 0.003) in PCV, and mean number of anti‐VEGF injections per year (HR, 1.58; p < 0.001) in tnAMD were significantly associated with risk of massive SMH. For patients with severe vision loss, proportion of incident massive SMH was significantly higher in PCV (29.5%) than in tnAMD (6.9%, p < 0.001).ConclusionThe incidence rate of massive SMH in eyes with PCV was about three times higher than that in eyes with tnAMD. Treatment methods that can reduce the incidence of massive SMH should be considered, especially for eyes with PCV.
Deglaciation dynamics of the Fennoscandian Ice Sheet in the Kattegat, the gateway between the North Sea and the Baltic Sea Basin
Authors: Hyttinen Outi , Quintana Krupinski Nadina , Bennike Ole , Wacker Lukas , Filipsson Helena L. , Obrochta Stephen , Jensen Jørn B. , Lougheed Bryan , Ryabchuk Daria , Passchier Sandra , Snowball Ian  , Herrero‐Bervera Emilio , Andrén Thomas , Kotilainen Aarno T. 
Published: December 2020

This paper presents an age–depth model based on an ultra‐high‐resolution, 80‐m‐thick sedimentary succession from a marine continental shelf basin, the Kattegat. This is an area of dynamic deglaciation of the Fennoscandian Ice Sheet during the Late Pleistocene. The Kattegat is also a transitional area between the saline North Sea and the brackish Baltic Sea. As such, it records general development of currents and exchange between these two systems. Data for the succession were provided through the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Site M0060. The site indicates onset of deglaciation atc. 18 kaBPand relatively continuous sedimentation until 13 kaBP. At this point, sediments record a hiatus untilc. 9–7 kaBP. The uppermost sedimentary unit contains redeposited material, but it is estimated to represent only the lastc. 9–7 kaBP. The age–depth model is based on 17 select, radiocarbon‐dated samples and is integrated with a set of physical and chemical proxies. The integrated records provide novel constraints on the timing of major palaeoenvironmental changes, such as the transition from glaciomarine proximal to glaciomarine distal and marine conditions, and their connections to known major events and processes in the region and the North Atlantic. Depositional evidence specifically documents connections between the Fennoscandian Ice Sheet behaviour and atmospheric and oceanic warming. Glacial retreat may have also depended on topographic factors such as changes in basin width and depth, linked to relative sea level changes and land uplift. The results indicate an early response of the Fennoscandian Ice Sheet to changing climate, and the ice sheet's possible influence on oceanic circulation during the Late Pleistocene deglaciation.
A pilot trial of moderated online social therapy for family and friends of young people with borderline personality disorder features
Authors: Gleeson John , Alvarez‐Jimenez Mario , Betts Jennifer K. , McCutcheon Louise , Jovev Martina , Lederman Reeva , Herrman Helen , Cotton Susan M. , Bendall Sarah , McKechnie Ben , Burke Emma , Koval Peter , Smith Jesse , D'Alfonso Simon , Mallawaarachchi Sumudu , Chanen Andrew M. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAimWe evaluated the acceptability, usability and safety of Kindred, a novel online intervention for carers of young people with borderline personality disorder (BPD) using a pre–post pilot trial design. The secondary aim explored whether Kindred use was associated with clinical improvements for caregivers on measures of burden of caregiving, stress, expressed emotion, family communication, disability, coping and knowledge of BPD and for patients on measures of severity of BPD symptoms and level of functional impairment.MethodsThe trial site was the Helping Young People Early program for young people with BPD at Orygen in Melbourne, Australia. Informed consent was obtained from 20 adult carers (i.e., relatives or friends) and 10 young people aged 15–25 with BPD. Kindred, which was available for 3 months, incorporated online psychoeducation, carer‐to‐carer social networking and guidance from expert and peer moderators. Assessments were completed at baseline and 3 months follow‐up. Multiple indicators of acceptability, usability and safety were utilized.ResultsSeventeen carers were enrolled in Kindred and eight young people completed baseline measures. A priori acceptability, usability and safety criteria were met. Carer burden, stress, expressed emotion, family communication, quality of life, functioning, coping and perceived knowledge of BPD improved at follow‐up. Sixty‐six percent of the young people (4/6) reported that they believed Kindred had improved their carers' understanding of BPD.ConclusionKindred was shown to be acceptable, usable and safe, with encouraging improvements in both carer and young person outcomes. Kindred warrants evaluation of its efficacy via an randomized controlled trial.
Classical and controlled auditory mismatch responses to multiple physical deviances in anaesthetised and conscious mice
Authors: O'Reilly Jamie A. , Conway Bernard A. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractHuman mismatch negativity (MMN) is modelled in rodents and other non‐human species to examine its underlying neurological mechanisms, primarily described in terms of deviance‐detection and adaptation. Using the mouse model, we aim to elucidate subtle dependencies between the mismatch response (MMR) and different physical properties of sound. Epidural field potentials were recorded from urethane‐anaesthetised and conscious mice during oddball and many‐standards control paradigms with stimuli varying in duration, frequency, intensity and inter‐stimulus interval. Resulting auditory evoked potentials, classical MMR (oddball – standard), and controlled MMR (oddball – control) waveforms were analysed. Stimulus duration correlated with stimulus‐off response peak latency, whereas frequency, intensity and inter‐stimulus interval correlated with stimulus‐on N1 and P1 (conscious only) peak amplitudes. These relationships were instrumental in shaping classical MMR morphology in both anaesthetised and conscious animals, suggesting these waveforms reflect modification of normal auditory processing by different physical properties of sound. Controlled MMR waveforms appeared to exhibit habituation to auditory stimulation over time, which was equally observed in response to oddball and standard stimuli. These findings are inconsistent with the mechanisms thought to underlie human MMN, which currently do not address differences due to specific physical features of sound. Thus, no evidence was found to objectively support the deviance‐detection or adaptation hypotheses of MMN in relation to anaesthetised or conscious mice. These findings highlight the potential risk of mischaracterising difference waveform components that are principally influenced by physical sensitivities and habituation of the auditory system.
Ghosts of the deep – Biodiversity, fisheries, and extinction risk of ghost sharks
Authors: Finucci Brittany , Cheok Jessica , Ebert David A. , Herman Katelyn , Kyne Peter M. , Dulvy Nicholas K. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractGhost sharks (subclass Holocephali) remain a largely data‐poor group of cartilaginous fishes. The general paucity of attention may partially be related to identification and unresolved taxonomic issues, occurrence in the deep oceans, and their low value and interest in fisheries (which some notable exceptions). Here, we synthesize and assess the extinction risk of all known extant ghost sharks (52 species) by applying the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species Categories and Criteria. Ghost sharks have a low proportion of threatened (8%) and Near Threatened (8%) species, with most species (69%) assessed as Least Concern. The group still exhibits some data deficiency (15%), and biological information is lacking for most species. Endemism is high, with 37% of species known from only one location or one country. Species richness was highest in the Northeast Atlantic, off the northwest coast of Africa (Morocco to Mauritania), the East China Sea, New Zealand and off the northwest coast of South America (Ecuador and Peru). Ghost sharks are predominately taken as by‐catch, but some targeted fishing and/or retention for the liver oil trade occurs. Species‐specific reporting, monitoring and management are required to assess population trends, and further investigation is needed on trade and use, particularly for higher risk species including the sicklefin chimaeras (genusNeoharriotta) and the American Elephantfish (Callorhynchus callorhynchus, Callorhinidae).
Fatigue of carburised CrNiMo steel: Testing and modelling concept
Authors: Böhme Stephan André , Vinogradov Alexei , Biermann Horst , Weidner Anja , Schmiedel Alexander , Henkel Sebastian 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn this study, a testing and modelling concept is presented, aimed at estimating the local fatigue properties of carburised CrNiMo steel, covering the fatigue limit under axial and torsional loading at various mean stresses. Aimed at predicting the bulk material properties, all specimens were ultrasonic shot‐peened prior to testing. Fractographic analyses were conducted on all specimens using scanning electron microscopy to define the type, size and chemical composition of crack initiation‐related discontinuities. An iteration of the FKM guideline is presented, relying on the external notch concept to explain the effect of large internal notches on the mean stress sensitivity.
COVID‐19 and hematology findings based on the current evidences: A puzzle with many missing pieces
Authors: Karimi Shahri Mehdi , Niazkar Hamid R. , Rad Fariba 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn December 2019, a new type of coronavirus was detected for the first time in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. According to the reported data, the emerging coronavirus has spread worldwide, infecting more than fifty‐seven million individuals, leading to more than one million deaths. The current study aimed to review and discuss the hematological findings of COVID‐19. Laboratory changes and hematologic abnormalities have been reported repeatedly in COVID‐19 patients. WBC count and peripheral blood lymphocytes are normal or slightly reduced while these indicators may change with the progression of the disease. In addition, several studies demonstrated that decreased hemoglobin levels in COVID‐19 patients were associated with the severity of the disease. Moreover, thrombocytopenia, which is reported in 5%‐40% of patients, is known to be associated with poor prognosis of the disease. COVID‐19 can present with various hematologic manifestations. In this regard, accurate evaluation of laboratory indicators at the beginning and during COVID‐19 can help physicians to adjust appropriate treatment and provide special and prompt care for those in need.
Histone deacetylase HDA710 controls salt tolerance by regulating ABA signaling in rice
Authors: Ullah Farhan , Xu Qiutao , Zhao Yu , Zhou Dao‐Xiu 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPlants have evolved numerous mechanisms that assist them in withstanding environmental stresses. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) play crucial roles in plant stress responses; however, their regulatory mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we explored the function of HDA710/OsHDAC2, a member of the HDAC RPD3/HDA1 family, in stress tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa). We established that HDA710 localizes to both the nucleus and cytoplasm and is involved in regulating the acetylation of histone H3 and H4, specifically targeting H4K5 and H4K16 under normal conditions. HDA710 transcript accumulation levels were strongly induced by abiotic stresses including drought and salinity, as well as by the phytohormones jasmonic acid (JA) and abscisic acid (ABA). hda710 knockout mutant plants showed enhanced salinity tolerance and reduced ABA sensitivity, whereas transgenic plants overexpressing HDA710 displayed the opposite phenotypes. Moreover, ABA‐ and salt‐stress‐responsive genes, such as OsLEA3, OsABI5, OsbZIP72, and OsNHX1, were upregulated in hda710 compared with wild‐type plants. These expression differences corresponded with higher levels of histone H4 acetylation in gene promoter regions in hda710 compared with the wild type under ABA and salt‐stress treatment. Collectively, these results suggest that HDA710 is involved in regulating ABA‐ and salt‐stress‐responsive genes by altering H4 acetylation levels in their promoters.
AtNSF regulates leaf serration by modulating intracellular trafficking of PIN1 in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Tang Li Ping , Yang Yi , Wang Hui , Li Lixin , Liu Le , Liu Yu , Yuan Jinfeng , Zhao Xiang Yu , Palme Klaus , Su Ying Hua , Li Xugang 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn eukaryotes, N‐ethylmaleimide‐sensitive factor (NSF) is a conserved AAA+ATPase and a key component of the membrane trafficking machinery that promotes the fusion of secretory vesicles with target membranes. Here, we demonstrate that the Arabidopsis thaliana genome contains a single copy of NSF, AtNSF, which plays an essential role in the regulation of leaf serration. The AtNSF knock‐down mutant, atnsf‐1, exhibited more serrations in the leaf margin. Moreover, polar localization of the PIN‐FORMED1 (PIN1) auxin efflux transporter was diffuse around the margins of atnsf‐1 leaves and root growth was inhibited in the atnsf‐1 mutant. More PIN1‐GFP accumulated in the intracellular compartments of atnsf‐1 plants, suggesting that AtNSF is required for intracellular trafficking of PIN between the endosome and plasma membrane. Furthermore, the serration phenotype was suppressed in the atnsf‐1 pin1‐8 double mutant, suggesting that AtNSF is required for PIN1‐mediated polar auxin transport to regulate leaf serration. The CUP‐SHAPED COTYLEDON2 (CUC2) transcription factor gene is up‐regulated in atnsf‐1 plants and the cuc2‐3 single mutant exhibits smooth leaf margins, demonstrating that AtNSF also functions in the CUC2 pathway. Our results reveal that AtNSF regulates the PIN1‐generated auxin maxima with a CUC2‐mediated feedback loop to control leaf serration.
Social Entrepreneurship’s Solutionism Problem
Authors: Chalmers Dominic 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSocial entrepreneurship has developed as an important area of theory and practice over the past three decades. Despite a broad consensus that it is a desirable method for addressing social and environmental problems, I argue it may instead have a negative societal impact as it reduces the pressure for ambitious legislation and institutional reforms that have more scope to effect change. Social entrepreneurs themselves are prone to a form of ‘solutionism’ in which they believe complex social problems can be addressed neatly through the apparatus of the entrepreneur, something I argue is ineffectual and inappropriate for tackling many of the deep‐seated and essentially ‘public’ structural problems we face. I offer some suggestions as to how researchers can provide some critical balance to theories of social entrepreneurship, specifically through better demarcating when social entrepreneurship is an optimal mechanism for addressing social problems, and when public policy may be preferable.
Pharmacological and non‐pharmacological interventions to enhance sleep in mild cognitive impairment and mild Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review
Authors: Blackman Jonathan , Swirski Marta , Clynes James , Harding Sam , Leng Yue , Coulthard Elizabeth 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSuboptimal sleep causes cognitive decline and probably accelerates Alzheimer's Disease (AD) progression. Several sleep interventions have been tested in established AD dementia cases. However early intervention is needed in the course of AD at Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) or mild dementia stages to help prevent decline and maintain good quality of life. This systematic review aims to summarize evidence on sleep interventions in MCI and mild AD dementia. Seven databases were systematically searched for interventional studies where ≥ 75% of participants met diagnostic criteria for MCI/mild AD dementia, with a control group and validated sleep outcome measures. Studies with a majority of participants diagnosed with Moderate to Severe AD were excluded. After removal of duplicates, 22,133 references were returned in two separate searches (August 2019 and September 2020). 325 full papers were reviewed with 18 retained. Included papers reported 16 separate studies, total sample (n = 1,056), mean age 73.5 years. 13 interventions were represented: Cognitive Behavioural Therapy – Insomnia (CBT‐I), A Multi‐Component Group Based Therapy, A Structured Limbs Exercise Programme, Aromatherapy, Phase Locked Loop Acoustic Stimulation, Transcranial Stimulation, Suvorexant, Melatonin, Donepezil, Galantamine, Rivastigmine, Tetrahydroaminoacridine and Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP). Psychotherapeutic approaches utilising adapted CBT‐I and a Structured Limbs Exercise Programme each achieved statistically significant improvements in the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index with one study reporting co‐existent improved actigraphy variables. Suvorexant significantly increased Total Sleep Time and Sleep Efficiency whilst reducing Wake After Sleep Onset time. Transcranial Stimulation enhanced cortical slow oscillations and spindle power during daytime naps. Melatonin significantly reduced sleep latency in two small studies and sleep to wakefulness transitions in a small sample. CPAP demonstrated efficacy in participants with Obstructive Sleep Apnoea. Evidence to support other interventions was limited. Whilst new evidence is emerging, there remains a paucity of evidence for sleep interventions in MCI and mild AD highlighting a pressing need for high quality experimental studies exploring alternative sleep interventions.