bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impulsivity, decision-making and risk-taking behaviour in bipolar disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ramírez-Martín Almudena , Ramos-Martín Javier , Mayoral-Cleries Fermin , Moreno-Küstner Berta , Guzman-Parra Jose 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDespite the robust body of work on cognitive aspects of bipolar disorder (BD), a clear profile of associated impairments in impulsivity, decision-making and risk-taking from studies that use behavioural measures has yet to be established. A systematic review, across four electronic databases (PsycINFO, MEDLINE/PubMed, ScienceDirect and Scopus), of literature published between January 1999 and December 2018 was carried out in accordance with the PRISMA statement. The protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42018114684). A fixed-effect and random-effects meta-analysis using the Hedges' g (ES) estimate was performed. The analysis revealed significant impairment in BD individuals with medium effect sizes in various aspects of impulsivity – response inhibition (ES = 0.49; p < 0.0001), delay of gratification (ES = 0.54; p < 0.0001) and inattention (ES = 0.49; p < 0.0001) – and in decision-making (ES = 0.61, p = 0.0002), but no significant impairment in risk-taking behaviour (ES = 0.41; p = 0.0598). Furthermore, we found significant heterogeneity between studies for decision-making and risk-taking behaviour but not for impulsivity. Impaired risk-taking behaviour was significant in a subgroup of BD-I and euthymic individuals (ES = 0.92; p < 0.0001) with no significant heterogeneity. A stratification analysis revealed comparable results in euthymic and non-euthymic individuals for impulsivity. Our findings suggest that behaviour impulsivity is elevated in all phases of BD, representing a core and clinically relevant feature that persists beyond mood symptoms. More studies about decision-making and risk-taking are necessary to establish if they are impaired in BD and to analyze the role of mood state.
Language proficiency and sociocultural integration of Canadian newcomers
Authors: Nakhaie Reza 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis paper evaluates the sociocultural integration of newcomers, paying special attention to language proficiency while taking into account the importance of the assimilation, cultural fit, and social network perspectives. Analyses are based on administrative data collected by the YMCA of South Western Ontario regarding 2,493 of their clients. Results reveal that newcomers’ length of residency, ethnic origin, and social networks play a significant role in the sociocultural integration of newcomers. The longer the newcomers have resided in Canada, the higher their level of sociocultural integration. Non-Europeans displayed a lower level of sociocultural integration than Europeans. However, the most important predictor of sociocultural integration was language proficiency. Not only did language proficiency have a strong and independent effect, but it also tended to level out differences in sociocultural integration of those who had resided in Canada for a short period compared to those living in Canada for a longer period. Similarly, language proficiency decreased sociocultural integration differences between Europeans and ethnic minority newcomers. The policy implications of the results are discussed.
Doctoral dissertations on second language writing and technology in the USA (2010–2019)
Authors: Gibbons John , Li Mimi 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis paper reviews 20 representative Ph.D. dissertations on second language (L2) writing and technology completed in the USA over the past decade (2010–2019). These dissertations were selected using advanced search via ProQuest Dissertations & Theses. Five thematic categories were examined: (1) computer-mediated teacher/peer feedback; (2) automated writing evaluation; (3) computer-based collaborative writing; (4) technology-based writing instruction/assessment; and (5) digital composing/literacy. Each dissertation study was closely reviewed, with the presentation of illustrative tables. After analyzing and discussing the research designs, findings, and contributions of these studies, the authors identified the research trend and highlighted directions for future dissertation research in the field of L2 writing and technology.
Shape, condition and diet of the pike icefish Champsocephalus esox (Teleostei: Channichthyidae): evidence of phenotypic plasticity?
Authors: Landaeta Mauricio F. , Villegas Ariel , Hüne Mathias 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe shape (derived from landmark-based geometric morphometrics), condition (Fulton index) and diet (determined through gut content analysis) were described for the pike icefish Champsocephalus esox (Channichthyidae) from Última Esperanza sound, south-west Patagonia, Chile. Based on the length-weight relationship, females were heavier at length than males. Nevertheless, the Fulton index was similar between males and females. The morphospace of C. esox showed high intraspecific variability in the dorsoventral position of the tip of the snout, anus and the ventral insertion of the pectoral fin, as well as the anteroposterior position of the premaxilla, opercle and anus. This indicates the existence of phenotypic plasticity, leading to specimens with larger jaws and heads but shorter trunks, or specimens with shorter jaws and heads but larger trunks. This phenotypic plasticity was independent of size and sex. The feeding incidence was similar between sexes (34.1% and 47.2% for males and females, respectively). Diets consisted of only fish, small notothenioids of the genus Patagonotothen (P. tessellata, P. cornucola and P. sima), showing similarities between males and females. Finally, C. esox is the second notothenioid species, and the first outside of Antarctica, to display phenotypic plasticity in its body shape.
Histological, histochemical, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural characterization of the testes of the dove
Authors: Mustafa Fatma El-Zahraa A. , Elhanbaly Ruwaida 
Published: September 2020

SummaryAvian testes have been used in the study of germ cell transfer, importantly for understanding the preservation and control of birds. For this purpose, we use light microscopy, electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry to understand the reproductive efficiency of dove testes. The tunica albuginea was thin and septula testes were not observed. The testicular parenchyma was formed mainly of closely packed convoluted seminiferous tubules with little interstitial area. Three types of spermatogonia were distinguished. The primary spermatocyte appeared as the largest spermatogenic cell and was identified at different stages of meiosis. Different morphological stages of the spermatid were categorized. Various cellular associations were described within the seminiferous epithelium. The cytoplasm of Sertoli cells was pale and ill defined due to its close relationship to the germinal epithelium. The spermatid attached to the luminal border of Sertoli cells and germ cells were closely associated. A single layer of myoid cells surrounded the seminiferous tubule. Testicular telocytes of doves were located in the peritubular region and near the blood vessels. Telopods appeared as long cytoplasmic processes arising from the cell body. Leydig cells were distributed singly or in small groups and cords. The intensity of androgen receptor (AR) immunostaining in the testes of the dove was established for the first time and is described in this paper.
Antenatal occlusion of a ductal arteriosus aneurysm: a potential postnatal surgical emergency. Case report and literature review
Authors: Aly Safwat A. , Contreras Juan , Honjo Osami , Villemain Olivier 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSymptomatic presentation of ductal arteriosus aneurysm is usually a consequence of associated complications, including thromboembolism, infection, and compression of adjacent structures. In this case report, we present a thrombosed ductal aneurysm that developed antenatally with further postnatal progression of the thrombus and complete occlusion of the left pulmonary artery. Urgent surgical thrombectomy was successful and the post-operative course was uneventful.
GLOBALLY REALIZABLE COMPONENTS OF LOCAL DEFORMATION RINGS
Authors: Calegari Frank , Emerton Matthew , Gee Toby 
Published: September 2020

AbstractLet $n$ be either $2$ or an odd integer greater than $1$, and fix a prime $p>2(n+1)$. Under standard ‘adequate image’ assumptions, we show that the set of components of $n$-dimensional $p$-adic potentially semistable local Galois deformation rings that are seen by potentially automorphic compatible systems of polarizable Galois representations over some CM field is independent of the particular global situation. We also (under the same assumption on $n$) improve on the main potential automorphy result of Barnet-Lamb et al. [Potential automorphy and change of weight, Ann. of Math. (2) 179(2) (2014), 501–609], replacing ‘potentially diagonalizable’ by ‘potentially globally realizable’.
Internal Tide‐Driven Tracer Transport Across the Continental Slope
Authors: Spingys Carl P. , Williams Richard G. , Hopkins Joanne E. , Hall Rob A. , Green J. A. Mattias , Sharples Jonathan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe role of the internal tide in driving tracer transport across the continental slope is examined using simplified layered theory, channel model experiments, and observational diagnostics of near shelf‐edge moorings. The effect of the internal tide is interpreted in terms of its Stokes' drift, which is separated into two distinct components: a bolus component, driven by the covariance of layer thickness and the velocity, and a shear component, driven by the velocity following the movement of an interface. For a three‐layer ocean, in the model experiments and observations, the onshore propagation of an internal tide drives a Stokes' transport directed onshore in the surface and the bottom layers and directed offshore in the pycnocline. This reversing structure is due to the bolus component dominating near the boundaries, while the shear component dominates at the pycnocline. In the observational diagnostics, the Stokes' transport is not canceled by the Eulerian transport, which is mainly directed along bathymetric contours. The Stokes' drift of the internal tide then provides a systematic on shelf tracer transport if there is a tracer sink on the shelf, carried in the surface or bottom layers. Conversely, the tracer transport is directed offshore if there is a tracer source on the shelf with plumes of shelf tracer expected to be carried offshore along the pycnocline. This tracer transport as a result of the internal tide is diagnosed for heat, salt, and nitrate. The depth‐integrated nitrate flux is directed onto the shelf supplying nutrients to the productive shelf seas.
Geologic Trends in Shear Strength Properties Inferred Through Three‐Dimensional Back Analysis of Landslide Inventories
Authors: Bunn Michael , Leshchinsky Ben , Olsen Michael J. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractLandslides occur in a variety of forms that are a function of climactic setting, tectonic setting, geomorphic and geologic setting, and the shear strength of soil and rock. While major advances in characterizing the spatial influence of these settings on landslide activity have occurred in recent years, there has been limited progress on understanding spatial trends in shear strength properties and their influence on landslide activity. Herein, we propose a regional‐scale forensic methodology to establish first‐order estimates of landslide shear strength. This approach is performed using (1) interpolation of rupture surface geometry and (2) three‐dimensional slope stability analysis. Thereafter, distributions of back‐analyzed shear strengths of landslide inventories are used to demonstrate that distinctly different trends are observed when comparing geologic units and landslide type. It is shown that there is generally an inverse correlation between landslide volume and friction angle, suggesting that larger earthflows tend to be in a residual state of shear, while smaller deep‐seated failures tend to occur in stronger, possibly cemented materials. Significant uncertainty lies in characterization of hydrological conditions; nonetheless, upper and lower bounds of groundwater conditions still reflect significant differences in inferred regional trends in shear strength properties between geologic settings. A comparison of three‐dimensional forensic back analyses to conventional, infinite slope conditions often used in susceptibility analyses suggests that conventional approaches may significantly overestimate landslide shear strengths at a regional scale.
Eocene Rotation of the Northeastern Central Tibetan Plateau Indicating Stepwise Compressions and Eastward Extrusions
Authors: Zhang Weilin , Fang Xiaomin , Zhang Tao , Song Chunhui , Yan Maodu 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWhen and how the TP underwent uplift and deformation are still under heated debate. We present paleomagnetic evidence for the NB in the northeastern central TP to help decipher the potential plateau deformation mechanism. Magnetostratigraphy with zircon U‐Pb age of volcanic rock demonstrates that the NB basin deposited during 52.5–35.0 Ma. Paleomagnetic declinations indicate that the basin experienced counterclockwise rotation of 25.9 ± 7.2° during 52–46 Ma and clockwise rotation of 24.4 ± 9.7° during 41–35 Ma, which coexisted with the intrusion and explosion of volcanic rocks at 51–46 and 39–35 Ma. We proposed a stepwise compression and extrusion model to interpret the basin deposition, rotation, and volcanism by northward compression and eastward extrusion of the eastern Lhasa and Qiangtang Blocks (Proto‐TP) in relation to the Sichuan Basin as early response to the India‐Asia collision.
The Contribution of N+ Ions to Earth's Polar Wind
Authors: Lin Mei‐Yun , Ilie Raluca , Glocer Alex 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe escape of heavy ions from the Earth atmosphere is a consequence of energization and transport mechanisms, including photoionization, electron precipitation, ion‐electron‐neutral chemistry, and collisions. Numerous studies considered the outflow of O+ ions only, but ignored the observational record of outflowing N+. In spite of 12% mass difference, N+ and O+ ions have different ionization potentials, ionospheric chemistry, and scale heights. We expanded the Polar Wind Outflow Model (PWOM) to include N+ and key molecular ions in the polar wind. We refer to this model expansion as the Seven Ion Polar Wind Outflow Model (7iPWOM), which involves expanded schemes for suprathermal electron production and ion‐electron‐neutral chemistry and collisions. Numerical experiments, designed to probe the influence of season, as well as that of solar conditions, suggest that N+ is a significant ion species in the polar ionosphere and its presence largely improves the polar wind solution, as compared to observations.
Dynamic Properties of Particle Injections Inside Geosynchronous Orbit: A Multisatellite Case Study
Authors: Motoba T. , Ohtani S. , Claudepierre S. G. , Reeves G. D. , Ukhorskiy A. Y. , Lanzerotti L. J. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractFour closely located satellites at and inside geosynchronous orbit (GEO) provided a great opportunity to study the dynamical evolution and spatial scale of premidnight energetic particle injections inside GEO during a moderate substorm on 23 December 2016. Just following the substorm onset, the four spacecraft, a LANL satellite at GEO, the two Van Allen Probes (also called “RBSP”) at ~5.8 RE, and a THEMIS satellite at ~5.3 RE, observed substorm‐related particle injections and local dipolarizations near the central meridian (~22 MLT) of a wedge‐like current system. The large‐scale evolution of the electron and ion (H, He, and O) injections was almost identical at the two RBSP spacecraft with ~0.5 RE apart. However, the initial short‐timescale particle injections exhibited a striking difference between RBSP‐A and ‐B: RBSP‐B observed an energy dispersionless injection which occurred concurrently with a transient, strong dipolarization front (DF) with a peak‐to‐peak amplitude of ~25 nT over ~25 s; RBSP‐A measured a dispersed/weaker injection with no corresponding DF. The spatiotemporally localized DF was accompanied by an impulsive, westward electric field (~20 mV m−1). The fast, impulsive E × B drift caused the radial transport of the electron and ion injection regions from GEO to ~5.8 RE. The penetrating DF fields significantly altered the rapid energy‐ and pitch angle‐dependent flux changes of the electrons and the H and He ions inside GEO. Such flux distributions could reflect the transient DF‐related particle acceleration and/or transport processes occurring inside GEO. In contrast, O ions were little affected by the DF fields.
Persistence and Nonpersistence of East and Southeast Asian Rainfall Anomaly Pattern From Spring to Summer
Authors: Qian Qi Feng , Wu Renguang , Jia Xiao Jing 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe present study analyzes the connection of rainfall anomalies over East and Southeast Asia between spring and summer. Spatial patterns of contrasting rainfall anomalies between East Asia and the Indochina Peninsula are identified in both spring and summer. The persistence of more rainfall over East Asia and less rainfall over the Indochina Peninsula from spring to summer is associated with the maintenance of an anomalous low‐level anticyclone over the tropical western North Pacific. Further analysis shows that this anomalous anticyclone is attributed to the combined effects of persisting positive sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTAs) in the tropical Indian Ocean and negative SSTAs in the subtropical western Pacific. In contrast, in the nonpersistent rainfall anomaly years, the anomalous anticyclone over the western North Pacific displaces southward from spring to summer. One factor accounting for such a change is the dissipation of the negative SSTAs in the subtropical western Pacific from spring to summer, which weakens the SST forcing on the western North Pacific anticyclone. The other factor is an atmospheric wave train associated with the negative SSTAs in the eastern North Atlantic Ocean. The atmospheric wave train propagates eastward across the Eurasian continent and reaches East Asia. The wave pattern contributes to the development and southward displacement of an anomalous cyclone over East Asia, which causes a southward shift in the western North Pacific anticyclone. The effect of the North Atlantic negative SSTAs on the atmospheric wave pattern is supported by numerical experiments.
Deuterium and 37Chlorine Rich Fluids on the Surface of Mars: Evidence From the Enriched Basaltic Shergottite Northwest Africa 8657
Authors: Hu S. , Lin Y. , Anand M. , Franchi I. A. , Zhao X. , Zhang J. , Hao J. , Zhang T. , Yang W. , Changela H. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractApatite, a major hydrous mineral in Martian meteorites, has the potential to reveal history of volatiles on Mars. Here we report the H and Cl isotopic systematics of apatite from the enriched basaltic shergottite Northwest Africa (NWA) 8657 to better understand the processes influencing volatiles at or near the Martian (sub)surface. The apatite in NWA 8657 has the highest reported δD value (up to 6,509‰) of any phosphates in Martian meteorites. The positive correlation between the H2O contents (72–2,251 ppm) and δD values (3,965–6,509‰) as well as between the Cl contents (1.28–6.17wt%) and δ37Cl values (−1.7–4.0‰) in NWA 8657 apatite are consistent with mixing between volatiles derived from the Martian mantle and meteoric water/fluid. The D‐ and 37Cl‐enrichment of apatite in NWA 8657 implies isotopic exchange with subsurficial fluids during postcrystallization hydrothermal event(s).
An Eddy‐Diffusivity Mass‐Flux Parameterization for Modeling Oceanic Convection
Authors: Giordani Hervé , Bourdallé‐Badie Romain , Madec Gurvan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractA new one‐dimensional (1‐D) parameterization of penetrative convection has been developed in order to have a better representation of the vertical mixing in ocean general circulation models. Our approach is inspired from atmospheric parameterizations of shallow convection which assumes that in the convective boundary layer, the subgrid‐scale fluxes result from two different mixing scales: small eddies, which are represented by an Eddy‐Diffusivity (ED) contribution, and large eddies associated with thermals, which are represented by a mass‐flux contribution. In the present work, the local (small eddies) and nonlocal (large eddies) contributions are unified into an Eddy‐Diffusivity‐Mass‐Flux (EDMF) parameterization which treats simultaneously the whole vertical mixing. EDMF is implemented in the community ocean model NEMO and tested in its 1‐D column version. Deepening of dense water in analytic cases, successfully reproduced in LES simulations, is more realistic with EDMF than with standard diffusion parameterizations. Also the convective events observed in the western Mediterranean at the Lion station and in the North Pacific Ocean at the PAPA station are more realistic in terms of sequencing and amplitude with EDMF.
Hydrodynamical self-interference of a scattered polariton quanta
Authors: Huang Jiahui , Liu Wei , Wong Chee Wei 
Published: September 2020

AbstractResearchers have observed the free-propagation of a single microcavity polariton directly and its self-interference when scattering upon a defect. These experimental observations of quantum hydrodynamics in the single polariton limit test the wave-particle duality and aid in the development of polariton-based photonic circuits in quantum information processing.
Cerebrospinal fluid monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 correlates with progression of Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Santaella Anna , Kuiperij H. Bea , van Rumund Anouke , Esselink Rianne A. J. , van Gool Alain J. , Bloem Bastiaan R. , Verbeek Marcel M. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractParkinson’s disease (PD) and multiple system atrophy (MSA) have overlapping symptoms, challenging a correct early diagnosis. Prognostic information is needed to predict disease progression and provide appropriate counseling. Neuroinflammation plays a role in the pathology of both disorders, as shown in genetic and postmortem tissue studies. Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) and neuroleukin (NLK) are two inflammatory proteins with potential to serve as biomarkers of the neuroinflammatory process. Here, we aimed to study the biomarker potential of both MCP-1 and NLK protein levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from a longitudinal cohort study (Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands), consisting of PD patients (n = 46), MSA patients (n = 17) and control subjects (n = 52) using ELISA. We also correlated MCP-1 and NLK levels in CSF to several parameters of disease. We showed that MCP-1 levels in CSF positively correlate with PD progression (ρ = 0.363; p = 0.017) but could not differentiate between PD, MSA, and controls. NLK levels in CSF neither differentiated between PD, MSA, and controls, nor correlated with disease progression. Our results indicate that MCP-1 levels in CSF cannot distinguish between PD, MSA, and controls but correlate with disease progression in PD patients, suggesting that neuroinflammation is associated with clinical progression in PD. The correlation with disease progression was only moderate, so MCP-1 levels in CSF should be included in a larger battery of prognostic biomarkers that also tackle different pathophysiological processes.