bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dental malformations associated with biallelic MMP20 mutations
Authors: Wang Shih‐Kai , Zhang Hong , Chavez Michael B. , Hu Yuanyuan , Seymen Figen , Koruyucu Mine , Kasimoglu Yelda , Colvin Connor D. , Kolli Tamara N. , Tan Michelle H. , Wang Yin‐Lin , Lu Pei‐Ying , Kim Jung‐Wook , Foster Brian L. , Bartlett John D. , Simmer James P. , Hu Jan C.‐C. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundMatrix metallopeptidase 20 (MMP20) is an evolutionarily conserved protease that is essential for processing enamel matrix proteins during dental enamel formation. MMP20 mutations cause human autosomal recessive pigmented hypomaturation‐type amelogenesis imperfecta (AI2A2; OMIM #612529). MMP20 is expressed in both odontoblasts and ameloblasts, but its function during dentinogenesis is unclear.MethodsWe characterized 10 AI kindreds with MMP20 defects, characterized human third molars and/or Mmp20−/− mice by histology, Backscattered Scanning Electron Microscopy (bSEM), µCT, and nanohardness testing.ResultsWe identified six novel MMP20 disease‐causing mutations. Four pathogenic variants were associated with exons encoding the MMP20 hemopexin‐like (PEX) domain, suggesting a necessary regulatory function. Mutant human enamel hardness was softest (13% of normal) midway between the dentinoenamel junction (DEJ) and the enamel surface. bSEM and µCT analyses of the third molars revealed reduced mineral density in both enamel and dentin. Dentin close to the DEJ showed an average hardness number 62%–69% of control. Characterization of Mmp20−/− mouse dentin revealed a significant reduction in dentin thickness and mineral density and a transient increase in predentin thickness, indicating disturbances in dentin matrix secretion and mineralization.ConclusionThese results expand the spectrum of MMP20 disease‐causing mutations and provide the first evidence for MMP20 function during dentin formation.
Do voiding urodynamic parameters predict the success of adjustable transobturator male system (ATOMS) to treat postprostatectomy urinary incontinence?
Authors: Virseda‐Chamorro Miguel , Ruiz Sonia , García Gonzalo , Queissert Fabian , Salinas Jesús , Arance Ignacio , Angulo Javier C. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate whether urodynamic voiding risk factors can be predictive of failure of postprostatectomy urinary incontinence (PPI) treatment with adjustable transobturator male system (ATOMS).Materials and MethodsWe carried out a longitudinal study on 77 males treated for PPI with ATOMS. Patients were submitted preoperatively to a urodynamic study. The postoperative outcome was checked by pad‐test. Treatment success was defined as daily pad‐test below 10 mL. Statistical analysis used were Fisher exact test, χ2 lineal by lineal test, Student t test, and logistic regression analysis. The signification level was set at 95% bilateral.ResultsTreatment was successful in 54 patients (70%) achieving continence. The urodynamic parameters that related to postoperative continence outcome were the cystometric bladder capacity (direct relationship with continence (P = .019), type of voiding (more probability to achieve continence in patients who voided voluntarily followed by patients with involuntary voiding and abdominal straining voiding) (P = .034), Bladder Outlet Obstruction Index (BOOI) (inversely related with continence) (P = .025), and maximum voiding abdominal pressure (inversely related with continence) (P = .049). Multivariate analysis showed that cystometric bladder capacity (odds ratio [OR], 1.01; confidence interval [CI], 1.02‐1.00), BOOI (OR, 0.97; CI, 0.99‐0.94), and maximum abdominal bladder pressure (OR, 0.97; CI, 0.98‐0.94) were independent risk factors to predict treatment success after ATOMS implant.ConclusionsThe study of functional voiding parameters is useful to know the risk factors that influence postoperative outcome of PPI with ATOMS device. These findings could be of primary importance to facilitate optimum patient selection for this implant and therefore improve operative results.
Factors affecting Australian aged care facility workers in administering oral medication to residents with swallowing difficulties
Authors: Sefidani Forough Aida , Lau Esther T. L. , Steadman Kathryn J. , Kyle Greg J. , Cichero Julie A. Y. , Serrano Santos Jose Manuel , Nissen Lisa M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSwallowing difficulties are common in older people and can complicate the administration of oral medications. The aim of this study was to explore factors affecting healthcare workers in their practices of oral medication administration to aged care residents with swallowing difficulties. A purposeful sample of 17 healthcare workers composed of clinical/care managers, registered nurses (RNs), enrolled nurses (ENs), and assistants in nursing (AINs) from three aged care facilities in Queensland, Australia participated in semi‐structured interviews. Leximancer was used for quantitative content analysis. The responses centered on three main factors. Participants discussed workprocess‐related factors including time, workload, and stress and frustrations resulting from work processes. Medication‐related factors included strategies to facilitate medication administration, uncertainties around modifying medications, availability/cost of alternatives, multidisciplinary medication management, prescribing considerations, and polypharmacy. Resident‐related factors were discussed around individualized needs of residents especially those with dementia‐associated swallowing difficulties. Ideas differed among the four groups of participants. Managers discussed workprocess‐related factors pertaining to staff and facility. RNs focused on how clinical aspects of the medication practices were affected by work processes. ENs were task‐oriented and their responses focused on work processes. AIN responses centered on reliance on RNs in performing medication tasks. The findings suggest that healthcare workers' practices of medication administration to residents with swallowing difficulties are affected by various factors associated with work processes, medications, and resident characteristics. Although these factors affect all levels of healthcare workers, the needs of each group vary depending on their level of training and responsibilities.
Discovery and identification of proangiogenic chemical markers from Gastrodiae Rhizoma based on zebrafish model and metabolomics approach
Authors: Liu Mengyujie , Zhao Liang , Han Liwen , Li Haonan , Shi Yongping , Cui Jing , Wang Chenyang , Xu Li , Zhong Lihong 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIntroductionAngiogenesis is closely related to a variety of diseases, and therapies based on angiogenesis are intensely investigated. Studies have shown that the use of Gastrodiae Rhizoma (GR, Gastrodia elata) can benefit the treatment of ischemic cardiovascular diseases and atherosclerosis by stimulating angiogenesis.ObjectiveThis study tested the angiogenesis effects of a group of chemical markers isolated from GR.Material and methodsZebrafish model was used to evaluate angiogenesis by setting four groups: blank control group, model group, positive control group and treatment group (0.1, 1, and 100 μg/mL RGP). The Gray correlation analysis (GCA) was implemented to calculate the correlation coefficients of each compound between the peak area in liquid chromatography time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (LC‐TOF‐MS) and the bioactivity, the top ten components with the correlation degree > 0.9 were listed.Results and discussionThe optimum final concentration of GR on proangiogenesis effect was determined to be 100 μg/mL. Ten compounds, including gastrodin, parishin E, stigmasterol, p‐hydroxybenzyl alcohol, citric acid, etc., were identified to have high correlation coefficients with proangiogenic activity. Furthermore, the network pharmacologic analysis of these compounds revealed that the compounds systematically regulate the formation of new blood vessels via networked vital targets and signalling pathways.ConclusionGR can promote the growth of blood vessels, ten chemical components discovered contribute to this proangiogenesis activity. These chemical markers of GR thus provide a foundation for further studies on medicinal substances and quality evaluation of GR, also providing a scientific basis for modern interpretation of the processing theory of traditional Chinese medicine.
Urethral luminal epithelia are castration‐insensitive cells of the proximal prostate
Authors: Joseph Diya B. , Henry Gervaise H. , Malewska Alicia , Iqbal Nida S. , Ruetten Hannah M. , Turco Anne E. , Abler Lisa L. , Sandhu Simran K. , Cadena Mark T. , Malladi Venkat S. , Reese Jeffrey C. , Mauck Ryan J. , Gahan Jeffrey C. , Hutchinson Ryan C. , Roehrborn Claus G. , Baker Linda A. , Vezina Chad M. , Strand Douglas W. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundCastration‐insensitive epithelial progenitors capable of regenerating the prostate have been proposed to be concentrated in the proximal region based on facultative assays. Functional characterization of prostate epithelial populations isolated with individual cell surface markers has failed to provide a consensus on the anatomical and transcriptional identity of proximal prostate progenitors.MethodsHere, we use single‐cell RNA sequencing to obtain a complete transcriptomic profile of all epithelial cells in the mouse prostate and urethra to objectively identify cellular subtypes. Pan‐transcriptomic comparison to human prostate cell types identified a mouse equivalent of human urethral luminal cells, which highly expressed putative prostate progenitor markers. Validation of the urethral luminal cell cluster was performed using immunostaining and flow cytometry.ResultsOur data reveal that previously identified facultative progenitors marked by Trop2, Sca‐1, KRT4, and PSCA are actually luminal epithelial cells of the urethra that extend into the proximal region of the prostate, and are resistant to castration‐induced androgen deprivation. Mouse urethral luminal cells were identified to be the equivalent of previously identified human club and hillock cells that similarly extend into proximal prostate ducts. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) has long been considered an “embryonic reawakening,” but the cellular origin of the hyperplastic growth concentrated in the periurethral region is unclear. We demonstrate an increase in urethral luminal cells within glandular nodules from BPH patients. Urethral luminal cells are further increased in patients treated with a 5‐α reductase inhibitor.ConclusionsOur data demonstrate that cells of the proximal prostate that express putative progenitor markers, and are enriched by castration in the proximal prostate, are urethral luminal cells and that these cells may play an important role in the etiology of human BPH.
The emerging antioxidant paradigm of mesenchymal stem cell therapy
Authors: Stavely Rhian , Nurgali Kulmira 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (multipotent stromal cells; MSCs) have been under investigation for the treatment of diverse diseases, with many promising outcomes achieved in animal models and clinical trials. The biological activity of MSC therapies has not been fully resolved which is critical to rationalizing their use and developing strategies to enhance treatment efficacy. Different paradigms have been constructed to explain their mechanism of action, including tissue regeneration, trophic/anti-inflammatory secretion, and immunomodulation. MSCs rarely engraft and differentiate into other cell types after in vivo administration. Furthermore, it is equivocal whether MSCs function via the secretion of many peptide/protein ligands as their therapeutic properties are observed across xenogeneic barriers, which is suggestive of mechanisms involving mediators conserved between species. Oxidative stress is concomitant with cellular injury, inflammation, and dysregulated metabolism which are involved in many pathologies. Growing evidence supports that MSCs exert antioxidant properties in a variety of animal models of disease, which may explain their cytoprotective and anti-inflammatory properties. In this review, evidence of the antioxidant effects of MSCs in in vivo and in vitro models is explored and potential mechanisms of these effects are discussed. These include direct scavenging of free radicals, promoting endogenous antioxidant defenses, immunomodulation via reactive oxygen species suppression, altering mitochondrial bioenergetics, and donating functional mitochondria to damaged cells. Modulation of the redox environment and oxidative stress by MSCs can mediate their anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective properties and may offer an explanation to the diversity in disease models treatable by MSCs and how these mechanisms may be conserved between species.

Significance statement The role of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in ameliorating oxidative and nitrosative injury has received considerable attention in recent years. The reduction-oxidation (redox) environment regulates many physiological and pathophysiological mechanisms in cellular biology. Oxidative stress and redox imbalance are mediated by molecular constituents that are present in all living cells and share similar functions. The ability of MSCs to regulate these processes may offer an explanation to the diversity of disease models treatable by MSCs and to the effects of MSCs conserved between species. In this review, evidence of direct and indirect antioxidant mechanisms of MSC therapies is explored.
Synthesis of C2 Hybrid Amide‐Based PTC Catalysts and Their Comparison with Saturated Analogues
Authors: Majdecki Maciej , Niedbala Patryk , Jurczak Janusz 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe investigated the synthesis and catalytic efficiency of four new C2 hybrid PTC catalysts and their saturated analogues with reduced double bond. These eight novel hybrid catalysts can be straightforwardly synthesized with good yields and high structural design diversity (with various linkers). The catalytic efficiency of our catalysts was systematically investigated using a glycine imine alkylation reaction, carried out under PTC conditions. It was found that saturated catalysts show both higher reaction yield (up to 98%) and enantioselectivity (up to 94% ee).
Knowledge, routines, and cognitive effects in nonmarket selection environments: An examination of the regulatory review of innovations
Authors: Polidoro Francisco 
Published: June 2020

AbstractResearch summaryEvolutionary models of technological evolution highlight the cognitive underpinning of routines that shape organizational adaptation. However, research thus far has overlooked the possibility that cognitive effects might also shape selection. This study redresses this imbalance by examining nonmarket selection, focusing for that purpose on the regulatory review of innovations. It proposes that the more knowledge about different technologies is available to regulatory agencies, the more evaluation incongruities they face when evaluating a focal innovation, which increases the time for its regulatory review. It also proposes that this effect is attenuated when regulatory agencies are more frequently confronted with innovations drawing on new technologies. By elucidating cognitive effects that shape nonmarket selection, this study has theoretical implications for research on technological evolution and organizational learning.Managerial summaryThis study highlights influences on the regulatory review of innovations, an important hurdle that firms in many industries must clear before launching innovations into the market. The regulatory review of an innovation is largely thought to be facilitated by knowledge about that innovation and the technology on which it builds. But, this view overlooks that knowledge about other technologies that exist in the same domain of an innovation can create evaluation incongruities that hamper its regulatory review, extending its regulatory review time. This effect is attenuated when regulatory agencies are more frequently confronted with new technologies, which makes them more aware of distinctions that different technologies entail, thus reducing incongruities in the review of subsequent innovations.
Internal agglomeration and productivity: Evidence from microdata
Authors: Rawley Evan , Seamans Robert 
Published: June 2020

AbstractResearch Summary: We study how internal agglomeration—geographic clustering of business establishments owned by the same parent company—influences establishment productivity. Using Census microdata on the population of U.S. hotels from 1987‐2007, we find that doubling the intensity of internal agglomeration is associated with a productivity increase of about 2% in pre‐existing establishments. We consider several mechanisms that may be driving the productivity effect and find evidence consistent with the idea that an economically meaningful component of the productivity effect is due to knowledge transfer between internally agglomerated establishments. We replicate our main findings with Census microdata on the full population of U.S. restaurants from 1987‐2007, suggesting that the internal agglomeration effects we document may generalize broadly to other industries with multi‐unit firms.Managerial Summary: Internal agglomeration is the geographic clustering of business establishments owned by the same parent company. This paper uses detailed Census data on hotels and restaurants to show how internal agglomeration influences performance. Interestingly, knowledge sharing between owned establishments in the same metropolitan area appears to be a key driver of the internal agglomeration effect.
Identifying internal markets for resource redeployment
Authors: Dickler Teresa A. , Folta Timothy B. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractResearch summaryThis article explores one important way in which multi‐business firms have advantages over single‐business firms. By having flexibility to reallocate resources, such as human capital, production capacity, or equipment, between businesses in their portfolio, they may be able to efficiently expand in markets with strong opportunities and contract in less attractive markets. We provide empirical evidence confirming that compared to single‐business firms in the same industry and of the same size, businesses in multi‐business firms expand revenues 12% more aggressively, and retrench revenues 37% more aggressively, on average. This first generalizable test of the theory also reveals that the relative advantage of multi‐business firms escalates with lower internal resource adjustment costs, higher external transaction costs, and greater opportunity differences with the portfolio.Managerial summaryIn this article, we show an important way in which multi‐business firms have advantages over single‐business firms. By having flexibility to reallocate resources, such as employees, production capacity, or equipment, between businesses in their portfolio, they may be able to efficiently expand in markets with strong opportunities and contract in less attractive markets. We provide empirical evidence confirming that compared to similar single‐business firms in the same industry and of the same size, businesses in multi‐business firms expand revenues 12% more aggressively, and retrench revenues 37% more aggressively, on average. The article also provides theoretical predictions about when the advantage is most pronounced.
Replication using templates: Does the unit learn from itself, the template, or both?
Authors: Lawrence Megan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractResearch Summary:Replication of practices is an important value‐creating strategy for multi‐unit firms, yet they often struggle to share knowledge internally across locations. Drawing on the replication and learning literatures and using data from aFortune100 retail chain that implemented a new restocking practice in 280 stores, I examine whether and how templates influence unit learning when replicating new practices. Stores were divided into districts, each with one randomly chosen template and 6–10 replicating stores. A replicating store's prior performance relative to that of its template influences the extent to which the store learns from the template versus from its own experience. These findings suggest that replication involves simultaneously and dynamically learning from both transferred knowledge and knowledge gained from experience.Managerial Summary:Transferring valuable practices within the firm is an important yet difficult task for many firm types, especially multi‐unit firms. One way that firms choose to transfer practices is through the use of templates—working examples of the new practice that act as models. Using data from aFortune100 retail chain, I show that the use of templates affects the way in which units learn to implement the practice. Because managers face tradeoffs when devoting attention to implementing the new practice, they must balance learning from the template with incorporating their own local experience with the new practice. Overall, my results suggest that choosing many templates is less important than choosing a few templates with superior performance for firms whose units or contexts are similar.
Transformation of Nanomaterials and Its Implications in Gut Nanotoxicology
Authors: Setyawati Magdiel Inggrid , Zhao Zhitong , Ng Kee Woei 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIngestion of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) is inevitable due to their widespread utilization in the agrifood industry. Safety evaluation has become pivotal to identify the consequences on human health of exposure to these ingested ENMs. Much of the current understanding of nanotoxicology in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is derived from studies utilizing pristine ENMs. In reality, agrifood ENMs interact with their microenvironment, and undergo multiple physicochemical transformations, such as aggregation/agglomeration, dissolution, speciation change, and surface characteristics alteration, across their life cycle from synthesis to consumption. This work sieves out the implications of ENM transformations on their behavior, stability, and reactivity in food and product matrices and through the GIT, in relation to measured toxicological profiles. In particular, a strong emphasis is given to understand the mechanisms through which these transformations can affect ENM induced gut nanotoxicity.
Applicability of models provided by technical standards to estimate the static modulus of elasticity of concretes produced with recycled coarse aggregates
Authors: Sousa Fernando Henrique F. , Kazmierczak Claudio de Souza , Quinino Uziel C. D. M. , Fernandes Ana Júlia M. M. , Kulakowski Marlova Piva 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis work determines the applicability of models provided by international standards to estimate the static modulus of elasticity of concretes produced with recycled coarse aggregates, identifying the influence of the compressive strength, bulk specific gravity and porosity on the static modulus of elasticity, and the relation between these parameters and the estimated modulus of elasticity. Recycled aggregates produced from concrete and of ceramic blocks were used in a replacement rate of 30% to the natural aggregates, in three classes of strength. The static modulus of elasticity of the concretes produced with recycled aggregates has a higher relationship to the compressive strength than the other properties, the static modulus of elasticity compared to the estimated modulus of elasticity shows good relation only for concretes produced entirely with natural aggregates and the modulus of elasticity of concretes with recycled coarse aggregates cannot be estimated by the models proposed by the technical standards.