bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recommendations for Developing Useful and Usable Convection-Allowing Model Ensemble Information for NWS Forecasters
Authors: Demuth Julie L. , Morss Rebecca E. , Jankov Isidora , Alcott Trevor I. , Alexander Curtis R. , Nietfeld Daniel , Jensen Tara L. , Novak David R. , Benjamin Stanley G. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractU.S. National Weather Service (NWS) forecasters assess and communicate hazardous weather risks, including the likelihood of a threat and its impacts. Convection-allowing model (CAM) ensembles offer potential to aid forecasting by depicting atmospheric outcomes, including associated uncertainties, at the refined space and time scales at which hazardous weather often occurs. Little is known, however, about what CAM ensemble information is needed to inform forecasting decisions. To address this knowledge gap, participant observations and semistructured interviews were conducted with NWS forecasters from national centers and local weather forecast offices. Data were collected about forecasters’ roles and their forecasting processes, uses of model guidance and verification information, interpretations of prototype CAM ensemble products, and needs for information from CAM ensembles. Results revealed forecasters’ needs for specific types of CAM ensemble guidance, including a product that combines deterministic and probabilistic output from the ensemble as well as a product that provides map-based guidance about timing of hazardous weather threats. Forecasters also expressed a general need for guidance to help them provide impact-based decision support services. Finally, forecasters conveyed needs for objective model verification information to augment their subjective assessments and for training about using CAM ensemble guidance for operational forecasting. The research was conducted as part of an interdisciplinary research effort that integrated elicitation of forecasters’ CAM ensemble needs with model development efforts, with the aim of illustrating a robust approach for creating information for forecasters that is truly useful and usable.
Can tranexamic acid reduce the blood transfusion rate in patients undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy? A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Zhenghao , He Xiao , Bai Yunjin , Wang Jia 
Published: April 2020

Objective A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to explore the efficacy of tranexamic acid (TXA) in reducing transfusion events in patients undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). Methods PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, EBSCO, and Cochrane library databases from January 1980 to October 2019 were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that assessed TXA efficacy in reducing transfusion events during PCNL. Intervention treatments include using TXA compared with placebo (or no intervention) for patients who underwent PCNL. The search strategy and study selection process were managed in accordance with the PRISMA statement. Results Six RCTs are included in the meta-analysis. Overall, TXA intervention groups showed a significant reduction in blood transfusion events (RR = 0.34; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.19 to 0.62), hemoglobin decrease (MD = −0.80; 95% CI = −1.32 to −0.28), operative time (MD = −12.62; 95% CI = −15.62 to −9.61), and length of hospital stay (MD = −0.73; 95% CI = −1.36 to −0.10) compared with control groups after PCNL. However, TXA had no substantial impact on the rate of stone clearance (RR = 1.10; 95% CI = 1.00 to 1.21). Conclusions TXA can effectively reduce the transfusion rate and blood loss during PCNL.
Debt and crisis: Socio-economic critique of neoliberal transformation in Poland
Authors: Pluciński Przemysław 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe article offers an analysis of the processes of neoliberal transformation, or the transition from ‘real socialism’ to ‘real capitalism’, which took place roughly three decades ago in Central-Eastern Europe, with particular consideration given to Poland. The key to a sociological understanding of capitalist modernisation is the combination of two perspectives present in social sciences: analysis in terms of shock therapy and the prospect of debt. Referring to the concepts of the ‘rent theory of ownership’, the role of foreign debt, creditor–debtor relations and the resulting crisis are submitted to analysis as the key factors of modernisation. Finally, the social, political and cultural consequences of the neoliberal transformation are also considered. These are argued to be growing right-wing populist and authoritarian tendencies.
Strengthening the Social Information Processing Skills of Third Graders in Rural China
Authors: Guo Shenyang , Peng Jin , Fraser Mark W. , Sun Xiaodong , Wu Fan , Day Steven H. 
Published: April 2020

Objective: The study aimed to describe findings from a matched clusters trial of a school-based intervention Let’s Be Friends designed to promote social competence and prevent maladaptive behavior by strengthening the social information processing (SIP) skills of third-grade children in rural China. Method: Using a blocked cluster design with random sampling, 13 treatment schools ( n = 355) of a total of 67 schools in the study site were randomly selected, and 14 schools ( n = 341) formed the control condition. All third graders from the treatment schools received 14 sessions of intervention. Results: The adapted program appears to have strengthened children’s SIP skills, reduced aggressive behavior, and promoted cognitive concentration. The study does not confirm that children growing up in single-child families fare worse than children living with siblings. Conclusion: The program has the potential to strengthen the SIP skills of children in rural China.
The “Sponge sign”: A novel feature of inflammatory choroidal neovascularization
Authors: Giuffrè Chiara , Marchese Alessandro , Fogliato Giovanni , Miserocchi Elisabetta , Modorati Giulio Maria , Sacconi Riccardo , Cicinelli Maria Vittoria , Miere Alexandra , Amoroso Francesca , Capuano Vittorio , Souied Eric , Bandello Francesco , Querques Giuseppe 
Published: April 2020

Introduction: To investigate choroidal thickness changes related to the clinical activity of inflammatory choroidal neovascularization in punctate inner choroidopathy/multifocal choroiditis as compared to myopic choroidal neovascularization. Materials and methods: Consecutive inflammatory choroidal neovascularization secondary to punctate inner choroidopathy/multifocal choroiditis, and myopic choroidal neovascularization were retrospectively reviewed. By means of enhanced-depth imaging optical coherence tomography, choroidal thickness was assessed at the same location before choroidal neovascularization development, at choroidal neovascularization onset (baseline), and after treatment. Results: Eleven eyes with inflammatory choroidal neovascularization and 11 eyes with myopic choroidal neovascularization were analyzed. Choroidal thickness beneath inflammatory choroidal neovascularization significantly increased at baseline and decreased after therapy (“Sponge sign”), reaching preclinical values. In particular, mean choroidal thickness under inflammatory choroidal neovascularization was 145 ± 85 µm at the preclinical stage, increased to 210 ± 103 µm at baseline (p = 0.006), and decreased to 136 ± 87 µm after treatment (p = 0.017). Conversely, no significant choroidal thickness changes were disclosed in myopic choroidal neovascularization eyes, under any location. Conclusion: Optical coherence tomography–based choroidal thickness evaluation may represent an additional useful tool to monitor inflammatory choroidal neovascularization activity. Moreover, choroidal thickness under choroidal neovascularizations could be used to discriminate the origin of choroidal neovascular membrane, either inflammatory or myopic, in doubtful cases and guide the therapeutic management.
Dimethylation of eEF1A at Lysine 55 Plays a Key Role in the Regulation of eEF1A2 on Malignant Cell Functions of Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Xiao Shan , Wang Yanping , Ma Yuwen , Liu Jue , Tang Can’e , Deng Aiping , Fang Chunxiang 
Published: April 2020

Objective: This study aimed to explore whether eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 2 affected cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis via regulating the dimethylation of eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha at lysine 55 in acute myeloid leukemia. Methods: The expressions of eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 2 and dimethylation of eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha at lysine 55 in acute myeloid leukemia cell lines and human normal bone marrow mononuclear cells (as control) were assessed. Control CRISPR-Cas9 lentivirus, eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 2 knockout CRISPR-Cas9 lentivirus, vector plasmid, eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 2 wild type overexpression plasmid, and eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 2 with a K55R substitution overexpression plasmid were transfected into AML-193 and Kasumi-1 cells combined or alone, and were accordingly divided into 4 groups (Sgcontrol + vector group, SgeEF1A2 + vector group, SgeEF1A2 + eEF1A2WT group, and SgeEFIA2 + eEF1A2K55R group). Results: Eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 2 and dimethylation of eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha at lysine 55 expressions were higher in AML-193, Kasumi-1, and KG-1 cell lines compared to the control. In AML-193 and Kasumi-1 cells, the knockout and compensated experiments revealed that eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 2 promoted cell proliferation and migration but repressed apoptosis. Additionally, the knockout of eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 2 decreased dimethylation of eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha at lysine 55 expression, meanwhile, eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 2 wild type overexpression enhanced while eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 2 with a K55R substitution overexpression did not influence the dimethylation of eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha at lysine 55 expression. Furthermore, eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 2 wild type overexpression promoted cell proliferation, enhanced migration, and decreased apoptosis, but eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 2 with a K55R substitution overexpression did not influence these cellular functions in AML-193 and Kasumi-1 cells, suggesting the implication of dimethylation of eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha at lysine 55 in eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 2 mediated oncogenesis of acute myeloid leukemia. Conclusion: Eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 2 and its dimethylated product may serve as therapeutic targets, and these findings may provide support for exploring novel strategies in acute myeloid leukemia treatment.
Quantitative measurement properties and score interpretation of the Cough Severity Diary in patients with chronic cough
Authors: Martin Nguyen Allison , Bacci Elizabeth , Dicpinigaitis Peter , Vernon Margaret 
Published: April 2020

Aims: The Cough Severity Diary (CSD) was developed in accordance with the FDA guidance for patient-reported outcome measures and is focused on capturing the patient’s perception of cough in terms of frequency, intensity, and disruption due to their cough. The measure includes a series of seven items asking patients to rate the frequency (three items), intensity (two items), and disruptiveness (two items) of their cough. The instrument was designed to be completed daily before bedtime, has a recall period of ‘today,’ and responses to items are entered on an 11-point numeric rating scale ranging from 0 to 10 with anchors on each end. The objective of this analysis was to confirm the domain structure of the CSD and assess its reliability, validity, and responsiveness in adult patients with refractory or unexplained chronic cough (RCC/UCC). Criteria for defining meaningful changes in mean weekly CSD total and domain scores in the context of a clinical trial were also developed. Methods: Pooled data from a phase II randomized controlled trial of an investigational treatment for RCC/UCC were analyzed. Participants were non-smokers, had RCC/UCC for ⩾1 year, and a baseline cough severity visual analogue scale (VAS) ⩾40 mm. CSD scores (baseline, week 4), were analyzed; the Leicester Cough Questionnaire (LCQ), cough severity VAS, Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC), and objective cough frequency counts were used for validation. CSD domain structure (Total, Frequency, Intensity, Disruption) was assessed for scoring. Results: A total of 253 participants were included (mean age 60.2; 76% female). Global fit of the three-factor CSD was acceptable. For the CSD total score, internal consistency (α = 0.89) and test–retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.68) were high. CSD total scores were correlated with the LCQ total ( r = –0.62) and cough severity VAS ( r = 0.84). Participants with a PGIC score of 1 or 2 (most improved groups) had the greatest mean score improvement on the CSD Total (Day 0 to Day 28), supporting responsiveness (similar findings for subscales). A change threshold of ⩾1.3-point reduction on the total and subscale scores is appropriate to define clinically meaningful improvement. Conclusion: The CSD is a reliable, valid, and responsive measure of cough symptom severity in patients with refractory or unexplained chronic cough and fit-for-purpose for assessing changes in cough severity in clinical trials. The reviews of this paper are available via the supplemental material section.
2SigFinder: the combined use of small-scale and large-scale statistical testing for genomic island detection from a single genome
Authors: Kong Rui , Xu Xinnan , Liu Xiaoqing , He Pingan , Zhang Michael Q. , Dai Qi 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
Genomic islands are associated with microbial adaptations, carrying genomic signatures different from the host. Some methods perform an overall test to identify genomic islands based on their local features. However, regions of different scales will display different genomic features.

Results
We proposed here a novel method “2SigFinder “, the first combined use of small-scale and large-scale statistical testing for genomic island detection. The proposed method was tested by genomic island boundary detection and identification of genomic islands or functional features of real biological data. We also compared the proposed method with the comparative genomics and composition-based approaches. The results indicate that the proposed 2SigFinder is more efficient in identifying genomic islands.

Conclusions
From real biological data, 2SigFinder identified genomic islands from a single genome and reported robust results across different experiments, without annotated information of genomes or prior knowledge from other datasets. 2SigHunter identified 25 Pathogenicity, 1 tRNA, 2 Virulence and 2 Repeats from 27 Pathogenicity, 1 tRNA, 2 Virulence and 2 Repeats, and detected 101 Phage and 28 HEG out of 130 Phage and 36 HEGs in S. enterica Typhi CT18, which shows that it is more efficient in detecting functional features associated with GIs.
Organic mulching positively regulates the soil microbial communities and ecosystem functions in tea plantation
Authors: Zhang Shuning , Wang Yu , Sun Litao , Qiu Chen , Ding Yiqian , Gu Honglian , Wang Linjun , Wang Zhaoshun , Ding Zhaotang 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
Different mulches have variable effects on soil physicochemical characteristics, bacterial and fungal communities and ecosystem functions. However, the information about soil microbial diversity, community structure and ecosystem function in tea plantation under different mulching patterns was limited. In this study, we investigated bacterial and fungal communities of tea plantation soils under polyethylene film and peanut hull mulching using high-throughput 16S rRNA and ITS rDNA gene Illumina sequencing.

Results
The results showed that the dominant bacterial phyla were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria and Chloroflexi, and the dominant fungal phyla were Ascomycota, Mortierellomycota and Basidiomycota in all samples, but different mulching patterns affected the distribution of microbial communities. At the phylum level, the relative abundance of Nitrospirae in peanut hull mulching soils (3.24%) was significantly higher than that in polyethylene film mulching soils (1.21%) in bacterial communities, and the relative abundances of Mortierellomycota and Basidiomycota in peanut hull mulching soils (33.72, 21.93%) was significantly higher than that in polyethylene film mulching soils (14.88, 6.53%) in fungal communities. Peanut hull mulching increased the diversity of fungal communities in 0–20 cm soils and the diversity of bacterial communities in 20–40 cm soils. At the microbial functional level, there was an enrichment of bacterial functional features, including amino acid transport and metabolism and energy production and conversion, and there was an enrichment of fungal functional features, including undefined saprotrophs, plant pathogens and soils aprotrophs.

Conclusions
Unique distributions of bacterial and fungal communities were observed in soils under organic mulching. Thus, we believe that the organic mulching has a positive regulatory effect on the soil bacterial and fungal communities and ecosystem functions, and so, is more suitable for tea plantation.
Cloning and molecular characterization of Triticum aestivum ornithine amino transferase (TaOAT) encoding genes
Authors: Anwar Alia , She Maoyun , Wang Ke , Ye Xingguo 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
Ornithine aminotransferase (OAT, EC:2.6.1.13), alternatively known as ornithine delta aminotransferase (δOAT), is a pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)-dependent enzyme involved in the conversion of ornithine into glutamyl-5-semi-aldehyde (GSA) and vice versa. Up till now, there has been no study on OAT in wheat despite the success of its isolation from rice, maize, and sorghum. This study focuses on identification and molecular characterization of OAT in wheat.

Results
In total, three homeologous OAT genes in wheat genome were found on chromosome group 5, named as TaOAT-5AL, TaOAT-5BL, and TaOAT-5DL. Sequence alignment between gDNA and its corresponding cDNA obtained a total of ten exons and nine introns. A phylogenetic tree was constructed and results indicated that OATs shared highly conserved domains between monocots and eudicots, which was further illustrated by using WebLogo to generate a sequence logo. Further subcellular localization analysis indicated that they functioned in mitochondria. Protein-protein interactions supported their role in proline biosynthesis through interactions with genes, such as delta 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS) and pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase (P5CR), involved in the proline metabolic pathway. Promoter analysis exposed the presence of several stress responsive elements, implying their involvement in stress regulation. Expression profiling illustrated that TaOAT was highly induced in the wheat plants exposed to drought or salt stress condition. Upregulated expression of TaOATs was observed in stamens and at the heading stage. A potential role of TaOAT genes during floret development was also revealed. Furthermore, the transgenic plants overexpressing TaOAT showed enhanced tolerance to drought stress by increasing proline accumulation. In addition, salt tolerance of the transgenic plants was also enhanced.

Conclusion
TaOATs genes were involved in proline synthesis and nitrogen remobilization because they interacted with genes related to proline biosynthesis enzymes and arginine catabolism. In addition, TaOAT genes had a role in abiotic stress tolerance and a potential role in floret development. The results of this study may propose future research in the improvement of wheat resistance to abiotic stresses.
Oral health-related quality of life in adult patients with end-stage kidney diseases undergoing renal replacement therapy – a systematic review
Authors: Schmalz Gerhard , Patschan Susann , Patschan Daniel , Ziebolz Dirk 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe oral health of patients undergoing renal replacement therapy (RRT) is insufficient. Poor oral health and its components can affect the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of these patients. The aim of this systematic review was to assess the OHRQoL of adult patients under RRT.MethodsA systematic literature search was performed using the terms: dialysis OR “renal disease” OR kidney OR “renal failure” OR “kidney transplantation” OR hemodialysis OR “peritoneal dialysis” OR “renal replacement therapy” AND “oral health-related quality of life”, complemented by manual search. Clinical studies including adults (age ≥ 18 years) that were published between 2009 and 2019 were included in qualitative analysis.ResultsTwelve out of 20 studies were included in the qualitative analysis. The majority (11/12 studies) included patients undergoing haemodialysis (HD), with a sample size between 47 and 512 participants. Two studies included patients after kidney transplantation. Only one-quarter of the investigations included a healthy control group. The overall OHRQoL was found to be reduced. The majority of studies found relationships between OHRQoL and different oral health parameters. Furthermore, several relationships between OHRQoL and general quality of life as well as disease related parameters including age, gender, diabetes, blood parameters and dialysis duration were found. OHRQoL subscales psychological/psychosocial impairment and pain were predominantly affected.ConclusionsPatients under RRT suffer from a reduced OHRQoL, which is potentially influenced by oral health and disease related parameters. Interdisciplinary dental care is needed and should consider both physical and psychosocial issues.
Spinal cerebrospinal fluid leak in the context of pars interarticularis fracture
Authors: Chan Tommy Lik Hang , Cowan Robert , Hindiyeh Nada , Hashmi Syed , Lanzman Bryan , Carroll Ian 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
Spinal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak can lead to intracranial hypotension and is an important differential diagnosis to consider in patients with sudden-onset chronic daily headaches. Pars interarticularis (PI) fracture is a potential rare cause of suspected spinal CSF leak.

Methods
This is a retrospective case series of 6 patients with suspected spinal CSF leak evaluated between January 2016 and September 2019. All patients received a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain with and without gadolinium, MRI whole spine and full spine computed tomography (CT) myelogram. Targeted epidural patches with fibrin sealant were performed. Treatment response at return visit (3 months post-patch) was documented.

Results
Six patients (4 females, 2 males) were diagnosed with a suspected spinal CSF leak and PI fracture. Mean age at the time of headache onset was 39 years old, and a range from 32 to 50 years old. Mean time to targeted epidural patches with fibrin sealant was 4.5 years. All 6 patients had PI fractures identified on CT myelogram and received targeted epidural patches with fibrin sealant at the site of the PI fracture. All patients had significant improvement in their headache intensity.

Conclusion
Our study highlights: 1) the importance of PI fracture as a possible culprit of suspected spinal CSF leak in patients with intracranial hypotension; 2) the added benefit of CT imaging for detecting bony abnormalities such as fractures in patients with intracranial hypotension; and 3) the successful treatment of suspected spinal CSF leak when targeting the fracture site.