bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
URB597 abrogates anxiogenic and depressive behaviors in the methamphetamine-withdrawal mice: Role of the cannabinoid receptor type 1, cannabinoid receptor type 2, and transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 channels
Authors: Ebrahimi-Ghiri Mohaddeseh , Khakpai Fatemeh , Zarrindast Mohammad-Reza 
Published: November 2020

Background: Methamphetamine is an addictive stimulant that possesses toxicity in the brain when taken repeatedly or at higher doses. Methamphetamine neurotoxicity is associated with numerous forms of mental impairment, including depression and anxiety. Evidence has also demonstrated that the endocannabinoid system is involved in the regulation of anxiety and depression. Aims: This study was designed to determine the involvement of the endocannabinoid system in anxiety- and depression-related behaviors in methamphetamine-withdrawal male NMRI mice. Methods: The elevated plus maze and forced swim test were used to assess the level of anxiety and depression. Results: We found that methamphetamine (30 mg/kg, intraperitoneal) evoked depressive- and anxiogenic-like effects at 3 days post-administration. Injection of URB597 (5–10 ng/mouse, intracerebroventricular), 10 min before the test, prevented the emotional deficits induced by methamphetamine withdrawal. Moreover, the cannabinoid receptor type 1 antagonist AM251 (1 μg/mouse) or cannabinoid receptor type 2 antagonist AM630 (5 and 10 μg/mouse) suppressed the antidepressant activity in the methamphetamine-withdrawal mice treated with URB597. The transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 antagonist capsazepine (25 μg/mouse) prevented while capsazepine (100 μg/mouse) potentiated the antidepressant efficacy in the methamphetamine-withdrawal mice treated with URB597. The higher dose of AM630 and two higher doses of capsazepine had antidepressant efficacy, by themselves. Furthermore, capsazepine (50 μg/mouse) increased locomotion in the methamphetamine-withdrawal mice treated with URB597. Conclusions: The results suggest that URB597 has a potential for preventing methamphetamine withdrawal-evoked anxiety and depression. Cannabinoid type 1 receptors, cannabinoid type 2 receptors and transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 differently affect depression-related behaviors in methamphetamine-withdrawal mice treated with URB597.
Improving Patient Preparedness and Confidence in Discussing Advance Directives for End-of-Life Care with Health Care Providers in the United States and Japan
Authors: Friend John M. , Alden Dana L. 
Published: November 2020

Background The low completion rate of advance directives (ADs) has received attention in Japan and the United States, as policy makers and health care professionals face aging populations with multiple comorbidities. Among the barriers to AD planning, cultural values and attitudes appear to be particularly influential. A comparison of culturally distinct societies provides a deeper understanding of these barriers. Through such an approach, this study identifies strategies for increasing AD planning among late-middle-age Japanese and US individuals. Methods After giving informed consent for the Institutional Review Board–approved study, Japanese and US respondents (45–65 y; 50% female) without ADs completed a language-appropriate online survey. Participants were asked to review a decision aid as part of a scenario-based physician consultation regarding artificial nutrition and hydration (ANH). Hypotheses were analyzed using multigroup structural equation modeling. Results Important similarities were identified across the 2 groups. After reviewing the decision aid, both samples strongly preferred “no ANH.” Respondents who strongly valued either self-reliance or interpersonal relationships experienced greater preparedness for AD planning. In both countries, greater decision preparedness and positive death attitude predicted greater confidence to discuss care options with a provider. Finally, cultural values predicted preference for family participation: respondents with a strong interdependent self-concept desired more family involvement, whereas high independents preferred less. Conclusions Findings indicate the importance of documenting care preferences and accounting for individual differences. To increase AD adoption, providers should identify patient segments likely to benefit most from the interventions. Targeting individuals in both countries who value self-reliance and interpersonal relationships appears to be a good place to begin. Such individuals can be identified clinically through administration of validated measures used in this study.
Five-year relative survival by stage of breast and colon cancers in Italy
Authors: Mangone Lucia , Mancuso Pamela , Bisceglia Isabella , Braghiroli Barbara , Ferrari Francesca , Vicentini Massimo , Giorgi Rossi Paolo 
Published: November 2020

Objective: To present the changes in 5-year relative survival of patients with breast and colorectal cancer in a northern Italian province in the 2000–2012 period. Changes are presented in relation to stage, period, and age in the screening population. Methods: A total of 5073 breast cancer and 4093 colorectal cancer cases were registered. Breast cancer was divided into 5 age groups: <45, 45–49, 50–69, 70–74 (the target screening population is ages 45–74), and >74 years. Colorectal cancers were classified into 3 age groups: <50, 50–69 (screening target population), and >69 years. Survival was analysed by stage, period, and screening program. Results: Five-year breast cancer relative survival was 92.9% overall, with 100%, 91.9%, 78.8%, 34.2%, and 76.4% for stages I, II, III, IV, and unknown, respectively. Survival increased from 89.7%, 91.8%, and 93.4%, respectively, in the periods 2000–2005, 2006–2009, and 2010–2012. Breast cancer survival was stable in early stages (although already high); a slight improvement was seen for stages III and IV. Five-year colorectal cancer relative survival was 63.6% overall, with 93.3%, 78.6%, 69.8%, 13.2%, and 55.8% for stages I, II, III, IV, and unknown, respectively. No improvement in survival was seen in the periods analysed, although the introduction of screening in 2005 did lead to a sharp decrease in incidence and mortality. Conclusions: For breast cancer, extending the screening target age led to an improvement in survival; for colorectal cancer, the best impact was on incidence and mortality rate.
Partners in play: Exploring ‘playing with’ children living with severe physical and intellectual disabilities
Authors: O’Connor Deirdre , Butler Alison , Lynch Helen 
Published: November 2020

Introduction Play occupation is central to children’s occupational lives and play is established as a fundamental right. While children with disabilities are at increased risk of play deprivation, few studies have explored the play occupation of children living with severe physical and intellectual disabilities. Method Informed by an ethnographic approach, this qualitative study involved 17 participants including five families of children with severe disabilities and six classroom staff. Methods combined observations of children’s play with adult interviews and focus groups to explore factors that influence play in home and school contexts. Findings were analysed using thematic analysis. Findings Three themes emerged: (a) play as an occupation, play as an activity; (b) an empowered and empowering play partner; (c) the ‘just-right’ play object and environment. Conclusion The influence of an empowering and empowered play partner combined with the suitability of the object and environment was central to successful play. A commitment to play for fun, for the wellbeing of these children, and by ‘playing with’ and not ‘doing-to’ the child was fundamental. Although the findings are specific to this study, play facilitators may use them to inform future play interactions through an enhanced understanding of empowerment and enablement for successful play occupation.
Primary Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation of the Knee Versus Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation After Failed Marrow Stimulation: A Systematic Review
Authors: Schuette Hayden B. , Kraeutler Matthew J. , Schrock John B. , McCarty Eric C. 
Published: November 2020

Background: Marrow stimulation (MST) surgery, which includes microfracture, subchondral drilling, and abrasion arthroplasty, and autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) are 2 surgical options to treat articular cartilage lesions in the knee joint. Recent studies have suggested worse outcomes when ACI is used after failed MST. Purpose: To investigate the failure rates and clinical outcomes of primary knee ACI versus ACI after failed MST surgery (secondary ACI). Study Design: Systematic review. Methods: A systematic review was performed by searching the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases to identify studies evaluating clinical outcomes of patients undergoing primary versus secondary ACI of the knee joint. The search terms used were as follows: “knee” AND (“autologous chondrocyte implantation” OR “osteochondral allograft”) AND (microfracture OR “marrow stimulation”). Patients undergoing primary ACI (group A) were compared with those undergoing secondary ACI (group B) based on treatment failure rates and patient-reported outcomes (PROs). Results: Seven studies (2 level 2 studies, 5 level 3 studies) were identified and met inclusion criteria, including a total of 1335 patients (group A: n = 838; group B: n = 497). The average patient age in all studies was 34.2 years, and the average lesion size was 5.43 cm2. Treatment failure occurred in 14.0% of patients in group A and 27.6% of patients in group B ( P < .00001). Four studies reported PROs. One study found significantly better Subjective International Knee Documentation Committee scores ( P = .011), visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores ( P = .028), and VAS function scores ( P = .005) in group A. Another study found significantly better Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) Pain scores ( P = .034), KOOS Activities of Daily Living scores ( P = .024), VAS pain scores ( P = .014), and VAS function scores ( P = .032) in group A. Two studies found no significant difference in PROs between groups A and B ( P < .05). Conclusion: Patient-reported improvement can be expected in patients undergoing primary or secondary ACI of the knee joint. Patients undergoing secondary ACI have a significantly higher risk of treatment failure and may have worse subjective outcomes compared with patients undergoing primary ACI.
Hip Arthroscopy for Femoroacetabular Impingement: 1-Year Outcomes Predict 5-Year Outcomes
Authors: Akpinar Berkcan , Lin Lawrence J. , Bloom David A. , Youm Thomas 
Published: November 2020

Background: Limited evidence exists comparing short- and long-term patient-reported outcomes (PROs) and overall survival rates after hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS). Hypothesis: Patients with high improvement (HI) versus low improvement (LI) at 1 year postoperatively would achieve higher PROs and better index procedure survival rates at 5-year follow-up. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Patients who underwent primary hip arthroscopy for FAIS between September 2012 and March 2014 with minimum 5-year outcome data were identified. Using the median 1-year change in modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS) as a threshold, HI and LI subcohorts were determined. Analysis of variance was used to compare PROs. Failure rates were determined using Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards model analyses. Regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with increasing 5-year change in mHHS and Nonarthritic Hip Score (NAHS). Results: Out of 108 eligible consecutive patients, 89 (82.4%) were included (mean [SD]: age, 43.3 [14.6] years; body mass index, 25.4 [4.5]). As compared with the LI group (n = 45), the HI group (n = 44) had a longer 5-year index surgery survival rate (mean ± SEM: 83.7 ± 3.3 months vs 68.5 ± 4.6 months; P = .012) and 5-year estimated survival rate (89% vs 71%). The HI group had a decreased risk of failure versus the LI group (hazard ratio, 0.15; P = .002). The HI group also had greater PROs than did the LI group at 1 year (mHHS: 94.8 ± 1.2 vs 72.6 ± 2.7, P < .001; NAHS: 94.0 ± 1.3 vs 75.6 ± 2.2, P < .001) and 5 years (mHHS: 86.9 ± 2.0 vs 77.6 ± 3.4, P = .017; NAHS: 92.6 ± 1.8 vs 82.7 ± 4.1, P = .020). As compared with the LI group, the HI group achieved higher rates of the Patient Acceptable Symptomatic State (PASS) and minimal clinically important difference (MCID) at 1 year (PASS: 95% vs 42%, P < .001; MCID: 100% vs 89%, P = .056) and 5 years (PASS: 77% vs 45%, P = .002; MCID: 86% vs 64%, P = .014). Linear regression demonstrated that being in the HI group (ΔmHHS, P = .041; ΔNAHS, P = .017) and decreasing body mass index (ΔmHHS, P = .055; ΔNAHS, P = .023) were associated with higher 5-year ΔPROs. Conclusion: Patients with FAIS and significant improvement in the first year after hip arthroscopy had superior 5-year outcomes versus patients with persistent symptom severity. Survival rates and PROs were significantly better in patients who achieved high early outcomes at the 1-year mark.
Predictors of Clinical Outcomes After Hip Arthroscopy: 5-Year Follow-up Analysis of 1038 Patients
Authors: Domb Benjamin G. , Chen Sarah L. , Go Cammille C. , Shapira Jacob , Rosinsky Philip J. , Meghpara Mitchell B. , Maldonado David R. , Lall Ajay C. 
Published: November 2020

Background: Although hip arthroscopy has been shown to have favorable results, there is a paucity of literature describing predictive factors of 5-year clinical outcomes. Purpose: To identify predictive factors of midterm outcomes after hip arthroscopy in a cohort of 1038 patients whose outcomes at minimum 2-year follow-up were previously reported. In addition, to provide a comparison of short- and midterm predictive factors in outcome measures after hip arthroscopy. Study Design: Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Data were prospectively collected and retrospectively reviewed on all patients undergoing hip arthroscopy between February 2008 and June 2012. Patients were included if they had minimum 5-year follow-up on 2 patient-reported outcomes: Nonarthritic Hip Score (NAHS) and modified Harris Hip Score. Patients were excluded if they had any previous ipsilateral hip conditions. Using bivariate and multivariate analyses, we analyzed the effect of 36 pre- and intraoperative variables on the NAHS, modified Harris Hip Score, and conversion to total hip arthroplasty. Results: A total of 1038 patients met the inclusion criteria for the 2-year study, and 860 met our listed inclusion criteria for the 5-year study. The mean follow-up time was 62.0 months (range, 60.0-120.0 months). The bivariate analysis identified 10 variables (4 categorical and 6 continuous) that were predictive of 5-year postoperative NAHS. For the multivariate analysis, 7 variables were identified as being significant: preoperative NAHS, body mass index (BMI), age, lateral joint space, alpha angle, revision hip arthroscopy, and acetabular microfracture. These 7 variables were also predictive in the bivariate analysis. Age, BMI, revision hip arthroscopy, Tönnis grade, sex, trochanteric bursectomy, femoral head cartilage damage, and acetabular inclination were significant predictors of conversion to total hip arthroplasty. Conclusion: This study reports favorable midterm clinical outcomes in the largest cohort of hip arthroscopies with minimum 5-year follow-up in the literature to date. Seven variables were identified as being significant predictors of postoperative NAHS in the bivariate and multivariate analyses: preoperative NAHS, BMI, age, lateral joint space, alpha angle, revision hip arthroscopy, and acetabular microfracture. Of these, preoperative NAHS, BMI, age, and revision hip arthroscopy were predictive of 2- and 5-year postoperative NAHS. These predictive factors may prove useful to clinicians in determining indications for hip arthroscopy and counseling patients on its expected outcomes.
Genetic Correlation Analysis and Transcriptome-wide Association Study Suggest the Overlapped Genetic Mechanism between Gout and Attention-deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: Kafle Om Prakash , Wang Xi , Cheng Shiqiang , Ding Miao , Li Ping , Cheng Bolun , Liang Xiao , Liu Li , Du Yanan , Ma Mei , Zhang Lu , Zhao Yan , Wen Yan , Zhang Feng 
Published: November 2020

Objectives: Gout is a common inflammatory arthritis, which is caused by hyperuricemia. Limited efforts have been paid to systematically explore the relationships between gout and common psychiatric disorders. Methods: Genome-wide association study summary data of gout were obtained from the GeneATLAS, which contained 452,264 participants including 3,528 gout cases. Linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC) was first conducted to evaluate the genetic relationships between gout and 5 common psychiatric disorders. Transcriptome-wide association studies (TWAS) was then conducted to explore the potential biological mechanism underlying the observed genetic correlation between gout and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery online functional annotation system was applied for pathway enrichment analysis and gene ontology enrichment analysis. Results: LDSC analysis observed significant genetic correlation between gout and ADHD (genetic correlation coefficients = 0.29, standard error = 0.09 and P value = 0.0015). Further TWAS of gout identified 105 genes with P value < 0.05 in muscle skeleton and 228 genes with P value < 0.05 in blood. TWAS of ADHD also detected 300 genes with P value < 0.05 in blood. Further comparing the TWAS results identified 9 common candidate genes shared by gout and ADHD, such as CD300C ( P gout = 0.0040; P ADHD = 0.0226), KDM6B ( P gout = 0.0074; P ADHD = 0.0460), and BST1 ( P gout = 0.0349; P ADHD = 0.03560). Conclusion: We observed genetic correlation between gout and ADHD and identified multiple candidate genes for gout and ADHD.
A Longitudinal Study of the Skills and Attitudes Conveyed by Two Business Simulation Games in Pécs, Hungary
Authors: Kiss Tibor , Schmuck Roland 
Published: November 2020

Background. Business simulation games have been used since 1979 at the University of Pécs. Since 2000, two games have been taught: a green business simulation developed on site and known as BUSINESS SIMULATION CHALLENGE and the MULTINATIONAL MANAGEMENT GAME. In this research we report on a longitudinal study of the results of the two business simulations; and investigate the effects of the Green Business simulation. Method. This survey-based research included 329 students that completed a questionnaire on business simulations since 2000. Surveys were carried out to measure the effect of the two simulations. There are data from three periods up to recent years. Frequency tables, univariate ANCOVA, T-tests and cross-tabulation were used to analyse the data. Results. - Generations’ attitudes and skills do not change with the passage of time, and the skills and knowledge, conveyed by the simulations can be considered as constant throughout the period. - This study confirms that main managerial skills are developed with simulation games but there is no need for enhanced mathematical and financial knowledge. - The green simulation successfully developed the green attitude of students, but only in cases where the green option was rational. - More educated students enjoy greater challenges, namely the need for deeper analysis. - Simulation courses in universities provide a higher level of motivation than do commercial simulations. Conclusion. It can be stated that almost the same results can be achieved by general purpose simulations which have a different focus (analytical or strategy-oriented game). Results also indicate that more simulation courses in universities would stimulate higher student motivation.
Prenatal Ultrasound Measurement of Fetal Stomach Size Is Predictive of Postnatal Development of GERD in Isolated Cleft Lip and/or Palate
Authors: Toscano Marika , Burhans Kristen , Mack Lauren M. , Henderson Stephanie , Koltz Peter F. , Girotto John A. , Thornburg Loralei L. 
Published: November 2020

Objective: To determine whether prenatal ultrasound measurement of fetal stomach size, as a surrogate marker of fetal swallowing, is predictive of postnatal development of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in cases of isolated cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P). Design: This is a retrospective case–control study. The outcome of interest is postnatal diagnosis of GERD in isolated CL/P. The exposure of interest is prenatal stomach size measurement by ultrasound. Setting: The study population was selected from an academic, tertiary care center between 2003 and 2011. Patients/Participants: Cases were neonates undergoing CL/P repair during the study period. Cases with other known structural or chromosomal abnormalities were excluded. Controls were contemporary, nondiabetic neonates that matched gestational age (within one week) to cases. Each case measurement was matched ∼1:2 with control measurement. Interventions: None. Main Outcome Measure: The primary outcome was difference in mean prenatal ultrasound measurement of fetal stomach size between cases and controls. We hypothesized that patients with postnatal development of GERD would have smaller mean fetal stomach size. Results: There were 32 cases including 19 patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate, 8 with unilateral cleft lip, and 4 with bilateral cleft lip and palate. Cases were noted to have smaller mean anterior–posterior and transverse fetal stomach measurements as compared to controls. This was statistically significant from 16 to 21 weeks, 25 to 27 weeks, and 28 to 36 weeks ( P < .01 for all). Conclusions: Prenatal ultrasound measurement of fetal stomach size as a surrogate marker of fetal swallowing is predictive of postnatal development of GERD in isolated CL/P.
Personality of patients with central serous chorioretinopathy
Authors: Mylona Ioanna , Dermenoudi Maria , Tsinopoulos Ioannis , Floros Georgios 
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) is a disease of the retina that is a frequent cause of mild to moderate visual impairment. The disease can be precipitated by psychosocial stress and hypercortisolism while full remission will often be spontaneous within a few months. Risk factors have included male gender, increased plasma cortisol due to other conditions or steroid use and Type A behavior. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study comparing three research groups that included 100 CSC patients, 200 healthy volunteers, and 200 patients with other ophthalmic disease on their results in the Zuckerman–Kuhlman Personality Questionnaire (ZKPQ). Results: CSC patients differed from the other subjects on increased high Neuroticism-Anxiety, low Sociability, and high Aggression-Hostility. Conclusions: Since high Neuroticism is related to increased cortisol levels only in males, and high Aggression-Hostility is related to increased cortisol response, these findings point to the possibility of a robust neurobiological background to the etiopathogenesis of CSC that merits further research. The association of Type A behavior with CSC may be a spurious one and its widespread reference in ophthalmology texts should be re-examined.