bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Timing, Costs, and Survival Outcome of Specialty Palliative Care in Medicare Beneficiaries With Metastatic Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Huo Jinhai , Hong Young-Rock , Turner Kea , Diaby Vakaramoko , Chen Cheng , Bian Jiang , Grewal Reetu , Wilkie Diana J. 
Published: October 2020

PURPOSE: ASCO recommends early integration of palliative care in treating patients diagnosed with metastatic lung cancer. Our study sought to examine utilization of timely specialty palliative care (SPC) and its association with survival and cost outcomes in patients diagnosed with metastatic non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS: The 2001-2015 SEER-Medicare data were used to determine the baseline characteristics and outcomes of 79,253 patients with metastatic NSCLC. The predictors of early SPC use were examined using logistic regression. Mean and adjusted total and SPC-related costs were calculated using generalized linear regression. We used Cox regression model to determine the survival outcomes by SPC service settings. All statistical tests were two sided. RESULTS: The time from cancer diagnosis to the first SPC use has reduced significantly, from 13.7 weeks in 2001 to 8.3 weeks in 2015 ( P < .001). SPC use was associated with lower health care costs compared with those who had no SPC, from −$3,180 in 2011 ( P < .001) to −$1,285 in 2015 ( P = .059). Outpatient SPC use was associated with improved survival compared with patients who received SPC in other settings (hazard ratio, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.79 to 0.88; P < .001). CONCLUSION: Patients diagnosed with metastatic NSCLC now have more timely SPC service utilization, which was demonstrated to be a cost-saving treatment. Strategies to improve outpatient palliative care use might be associated with longer survival in patients with metastatic NSCLC.
Keratin 17 regulates nuclear morphology and chromatin organization
Authors: Jacob Justin T. , Nair Raji R. , Poll Brian G. , Pineda Christopher M. , Hobbs Ryan P. , Matunis Michael J. , Coulombe Pierre A. 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT
Keratin 17 (KRT17; K17), a non-lamin intermediate filament protein, was recently found to occur in the nucleus. We report here on K17-dependent differences in nuclear morphology, chromatin organization, and cell proliferation. Human tumor keratinocyte cell lines lacking K17 exhibit flatter nuclei relative to normal. Re-expression of wild-type K17, but not a mutant form lacking an intact nuclear localization signal (NLS), rescues nuclear morphology in KRT17-null cells. Analyses of primary cultures of skin keratinocytes from a mouse strain expressing K17 with a mutated NLS corroborated these findings. Proteomics screens identified K17-interacting nuclear proteins with known roles in gene expression, chromatin organization and RNA processing. Key histone modifications and LAP2β (an isoform encoded by TMPO) localization within the nucleus are altered in the absence of K17, correlating with decreased cell proliferation and suppression of GLI1 target genes. Nuclear K17 thus impacts nuclear morphology with an associated impact on chromatin organization, gene expression, and proliferation in epithelial cells.
This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
A Genome-wide Association Study for Concussion Risk
Authors: KIM STUART K. , ROCHE MEGAN D. , FREDERICSON MICHAEL , DRAGOO JASON L. , HORTON BRANDON H. , AVINS ANDY L. , BELANGER HEATHER G. , IOANNIDIS JOHN P. A. , ABRAMS GEOFFREY D. 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT

Purpose
This study aimed to screen the entire genome for genetic markers associated with risk for concussion.

Methods
A genome-wide association analyses was performed using data from the Kaiser Permanente Research Bank and the UK Biobank. Concussion cases were identified based on electronic health records from the Kaiser Permanente Research Bank and the UK Biobank from individuals of European ancestry. Genome-wide association analyses from both cohorts were tested for concussion using a logistic regression model adjusting for sex, height, weight, and race/ethnicity using allele counts for single nucleotide polymorphisms. Previously identified genes within the literature were also tested for association with concussion.

Results
There were a total of 4064 cases of concussion and 291,472 controls within the databases, with two single nucleotide polymorphisms demonstrating a genome-wide significant association with concussion. The first polymorphism, rs144663795 (P = 9.7 × 10−11; OR = 2.91 per allele copy), is located within the intron of SPATA5. Strong, deleterious mutations in SPATA5 cause intellectual disability, hearing loss, and vision loss. The second polymorphism, rs117985931 (P = 3.97 × 10−9; OR = 3.59 per allele copy), is located within PLXNA4. PLXNA4 plays a key role is axon outgrowth during neural development, and DNA variants in PLXNA4 are associated with risk for Alzheimer’s disease. Previous investigations have identified five candidate genes that may be associated with concussion, but none showed a significant association in the current model (P < 0.05).

Conclusion
Two genetic markers were identified as potential risk factors for concussion and deserve further validation and investigation of molecular mechanisms.
Changes in Optical Path Length Reveal Significant Potential Errors of Muscle Oxygenation Evaluation during Exercise in Humans
Authors: Endo Tasuki , Kime Ryotaro , Fuse Sayuri , Murase Norio , Kurosawa Yuko , Hamaoka Takafumi 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT

Purpose
Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), performed with a commonly available noninvasive tissue oxygenation monitoring device, is based on the modified Beer–Lambert law (MBLL). Although NIRS based on MBLL (NIRSMBLL) assumes that the optical path length (PL) is constant, the effects of changes in PL during exercise on muscle oxygenation calculated by MBLL are still incompletely understood. Thus, the purposes of this study were to examine the changes in optical properties during ramp incremental exercise and to compare muscle oxygen dynamics measured by time-resolved NIRS with those calculated based on MBLL.

Methods
Twenty-two healthy young men performed ramp incremental cycling exercise until exhaustion. Optical properties (reduced scattering coefficient and PL) and absolute oxygenated, deoxygenated, and total hemoglobin and myoglobin concentrations (oxy[Hb + Mb], deoxy[Hb + Mb], and total[Hb + Mb], respectively) at the vastus lateralis were continuously monitored by a three-wavelength (763, 801, and 836) time-resolved NIRS device. The values of oxy-, deoxy-, and total[Hb + Mb] were then recalculated by assuming constant PL.

Results
PL at all wavelengths statistically significantly shortened during exercise. In particular, PL at 763 nm was greatly shortened, and the average changes during exercise were a 9.8% ± 3.1% reduction. In addition, significant differences in the kinetics of oxy-, deoxy-, and total[Hb + Mb] between directly measuring PL and assuming constant PL were found. The average changes in measured PL and assuming constant PL-deoxy[Hb + Mb] were increases of 28.8 ± 16.0 μM and increases of 16.4 ± 9.3 μM, respectively.

Conclusion
Assuming constant PL in NIRSMBLL significantly underestimated actual muscle oxy/deoxygenation as compared with measurements obtained by real-time PL determination. The percent degree of the underestimated oxy/deoxygenation was greater than the percent degree of the changes in PL.
Diabetes mellitus and urinary tract infection: Causative uropathogens, their antibiotic susceptibility pattern and the effects of glycemic status
Authors: Ahmad Shahzad , Hussain Arshad , Khan Mohammad Sajjad Ali , Shakireen Najmush , Ali Iftikhar 
Published: October 2020

Objective: To determine causative uropathogens and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern among Type-2 diabetics (T2D) with good and suboptimal glycemic control.
Methods: A hospital based cross-sectional study was carried out in Peshawar from April–October, 2019. Four hundred consecutive T2D patients with symptomatic UTI or showing numerous pus cells on routine urinary examination attending outpatient clinic were included. As per the guidelines of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI), the urine samples collected were checked for identification of uropathogen by culture. Disc diffusion method was used to determined antimicrobial susceptibility.
Results: Of the total (n=400) T2D patients, 205 (51.25%) showed microbial growth. Mean age of patients with UTI was 63.26 ±12.30 years. About two-third (63.9%) of the patients were females. Mean HbA1c was 8.80±2.20%. The frequency of patients with UTI was noticeably greater in the suboptimal glycemic control group 178(86.3%) compared to good control glycemic patients 27(13.7%). Significant mean difference in glycemic levels were observed (HbA1c = 5.86±0.48 and HbA1c = 9.25±2.02, respectively, P < 0.001). E. coli was the predominant pathogen isolated 120(71%), followed by Klebsiella pneumonia Spp (K. pn) 35(17.1%), Pseudomonas auregonosa (P. aeruginosa) 14(6.83%), Enterococcus 12 (5.85%) and Candida Spp were 2(0.98%). Both gram positive and negative-bacteria were highly susceptible to imipenem, meropenem, fosfomycin and nitrofurantoin.
Conclusion: The frequency of UTI in diabetics was higher in female in comparison to male, and was significantly greater in the suboptimal glycemic control group. E. coli was the most typical isolate followed by K. pn. Imipenem, meropenem, fosfomycin and nitrofurantoin had high susceptibility profile against the isolated pathogens.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.7.2881
How to cite this:Ahmad S, Hussain A, Khan MSA, Shakireen N, Ali I. Diabetes mellitus and urinary tract infection: Causative uropathogens, their antibiotic susceptibility pattern and the effects of glycemic status. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(7):1550-1557. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.7.2881
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Raman suppression within the gain fiber of high-power fiber lasers
Authors: Lin Weixuan , Desjardins-Carrière Maxime , Sévigny Benoit , Magné Julien , Rochette Martin 
Published: October 2020

We report the effective suppression of Raman emission in a monolithic ytterbium-doped fiber laser by the insertion of a chirped and tilted fiber Bragg grating (CTFBG) directly within the gain fiber of the laser. In comparison with a non-compensated filtered laser cavity for which the Raman threshold occurs at an output power of 1.54 kW, the insertion of a CTFBG within the gain medium leads to an increase in the Raman threshold by 260 W. We also demonstrate that the insertion of a CTFBG in between a laser cavity and a passive beam delivery fiber leads to an increase in the Raman threshold by 100 W with respect to the non-compensated case.
Ultracompact TE0- and TE1-pass/TM0- and TM1-stop dual-mode polarizer for 1.55/2  µm dual-wavelength using silicon-based cross-like hybrid plasmonic waveguides
Authors: Guo Zhenzhao , Xiao Jinbiao 
Published: October 2020

By leveraging cross-like hybrid plasmonic waveguides (HPWs) and subwavelength gratings, a silicon-based ultracompact

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mode and an extinction ratio (ER) of 17.3 dB/29.7 dB for the

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mode at 2 µm) in an ultracompact length of 6.5 µm. The operating bandwidth is up to 630 nm when the ER is over 18.5 dB/19.7 dB and the IL is below 0.52 dB/1 dB for fundamental/first-order mode, indicating an ultrabroadband operation. Additionally, fabrication tolerances of the proposed device are investigated, and electric field evolution is also illustrated.
Photoacoustic spectral analysis at ultraviolet wavelengths for characterizing the Gleason grades of prostate cancer
Authors: Jo Janggun , Siddiqui Javed , Zhu Yunhao , Ni Linyu , Kothapalli Sri-Rajasekhar , Tomlins Scott A. , Wei John T. , Keller Evan T. , Udager Aaron M. , Wang Xueding , Xu Guan 
Published: October 2020

The diagnosis of aggressive prostate cancer (PCa) has relied on microscopic architectures, namely Gleason patterns, of tissues extracted through core biopsies. Technology capable of assessing the tissue architecture without tissue extraction will reduce the invasiveness of PCa diagnosis and improve diagnostic accuracy by allowing for more sampling locations. Our recently developed photoacoustic spectral analysis (PASA) has achieved quantification of tissue architectural heterogeneity interstitially. Taking advantage of the unique optical absorption of cell nuclei at ultraviolet (UV) wavelengths, this study investigated PASA at 266 nm for quantifying the tissue architecture heterogeneity in prostates. The results have shown significant differences among the normal, early cancer, and late cancer stages in mouse prostates ex vivo and in vivo (

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Salmonella enterica 4,5,12:b:- serotipo berriaren karakterizazioa eta etxeko dortokekin erlazionatutako arriskua
Authors: Arrieta-Gisasola Ainhoa , Bikandi Bikandi Joseba , Garaizar Candina Javier , Herrera-León Silvia , Laorden Muñoz Lorena 
Published: October 2020

Salmonelosia, herrialde garatuetako toxiinfekzio ohikoenetariko bat da, Salmonella generoko bakterioek eragindakoa. Oro har, giza salmonelosia elikagai kutsatuekin lotzen da. Hala ere, animaliekin izandako kontaktua Salmonella generoaren transmisio bide garrantzitsua izan daiteke. Dortokak Salmonella serotipo desberdinen gordailuak direla frogatu da. Narrasti hauek etxeko maskota oso ohikoak direla kontuan izanda, osasun publikorako arriskutsuak izan daitezke, batez ere haurren artean. Horregatik, lan honetan 4,5,12:b:- formula antigenikoa duen serotipo monofasiko berri bat karakterizatu da. Aztertutako isolatu gehienak 5 urtetik beherako haurretan isolatu dira, Espainiako eskualde desberdinetan. Teknika molekular ezberdinen bidez, baieztatu da 4,5,12:b:- isolatuak Paratyphi B Javako iso- latu bifasikoekin genetikoki erlazionatuta daudela eta serotipo hori dela haren arbaso posiblea. Aztertutako anduien arteko homogeneotasun handiak iradokitzen du, andui horietaz infektatutako dortoken jatorria estuki lotuta dagoela, Espainian dortoken saltokiek banaketa-puntu komuna dutela, eta horrek patogeno honen sakabanaketan laguntzen duela.
Optimal Scheduling of Solar-Wind-Thermal Integrated System Using α-Constrained Simplex Method
Authors: Kaur Sunimerjit , Brar Yadwinder Singh , Dhillon Jaspreet Singh 
Published: October 2020

In this paper, multi-objective economic-environmental solar-wind-thermal power scheduling model was developed and it was optimized for five test systems. First test system was based upon a purely thermal power generating system and its problem was formulated to satisfy three conflicting objectives: (i) fuel cost, (ii) emission, and (iii) emission. The second, third and fourth test systems were comprised of optimal scheduling of integrated solar-thermal, wind-thermal and solar-wind-thermal power systems, respectively. Uncertainty costs were also considered in the renewable power based systems. These four test systems were examined for five power demands i.e. 200 MW, 225 MW, 250 MW, 275 MW, & 300 MW. Fifth test system was also deployed upon a renewable-thermal power scheduling. The effects of variation in number of thermal generators on fuel cost and emission were perceived, for a power demand of 400 MW. The values of fuel cost (4067.98 Rs/h) and emission (2,441.05 kg/h) reduced to 3,232.94 Rs/h and 1,939.30 kg/h, respectively, when number of thermal generators were reduced from four to two. The -constrained simplex method (ACSM) was used for simulation and the results were compared with simplex method (SM). The results clearly depict the dominance of ACSM over SM in almost all the fields.
Acute Effects of High-Intensity Interval Exercise While Wearing a Sauna Suit on Energy Expenditure and Excess Post-exercise Oxygen Consumption
Authors: Matthews Aaron R. D. , Astorino Todd A. , Crocker George H. , Sheard Ailish C. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Matthews, ARD, Astorino, TA, Crocker, GH, and Sheard, AC. Acute effects of high-intensity interval exercise while wearing a sauna suit on energy expenditure and excess post-exercise oxygen consumption. J Strength Cond Res 36(9): 2427–2433, 2022—The use of sauna suits has increased because of claims that they enhance weight loss and increase body temperature during exercise. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine changes in energy expenditure (EE) and excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) in response to high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) while wearing a sauna suit. Twelve recreationally active men and women age = (28.7 ± 6.0 years) initially completed assessment of resting metabolic rate and maximal oxygen uptake. On two separate days, subjects completed HIIE consisting of ten 1-minute intervals at 85% peak power output, both with and without a sauna suit. Oxygen consumption, heart rate, and core temperature were continuously measured during and 1 hour after exercise. Energy expenditure during (285 ± 57 kcal vs. 271 ± 58 kcal) and post-exercise (123 ± 30 kcal vs. 113 ± 16 kcal) was significantly higher (p = 0.025) with a sauna suit than without a sauna suit. However, EPOC (6.19 ± 4.46 L of O2 vs. 4.25 ± 3.36 L of O2; p = 0.05) was not significantly different 1 hour after exercise, and core temperature was similar (p = 0.62) between conditions. Fat oxidation was significantly increased for 60 minutes after HIIE with a sauna suit (p = 0.009). Wearing a sauna suit during HIIE elicits greater EE vs. not wearing a sauna suit, but the increase of 23 kcal may not benefit weight loss.
Normative Values for Health-Related Physical Fitness in First-Year Police Officers
Authors: Štefan Lovro , Kasović Mario , Culej Mario 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Štefan, L, Kasović, M, and Culej, M. Normative values for health-related physical fitness in first-year police officers. J Strength Cond Res 36(9): 2530–2535, 2022—The main aim of the study was to develop normative values for health-related physical fitness tests in first-year police officers. In this cross-sectional study, we recruited 773 police officers aged 19–28 years old (mean age ± SD = 22 ± 3 years, 34% women). Health-related physical fitness included: (a) polygon backwards (agility), (b) standing broad jump (explosive power of lower extremities), (c) sit-and-reach test (flexibility), and (d) 2.4 km run (aerobic capacity). In addition, maximal oxygen uptake (V̇o
2max) was calculated. Sex- and age-specific centile smoothed curves for the 20th, 40th, 60th, and 80th percentiles using Cole's LMS method were created. The results showed that men performed better in all health-related physical fitness tests (p < 0.001), compared with women. The median values for polygon backwards, standing broad jump, sit-and-reach test, 2.4 km run and V̇o
2max were 8 seconds, 210, 15 cm, 721 seconds and 49 mlO2·kg−1·min−1 in men and 10 seconds, 165, 10 cm, 915 seconds and 39 mlO2·kg−1·min−1 in women. No significant interaction between age and health-related physical fitness was observed. This study provides sex- and age-specific normative values for health-related physical fitness in police officers. Findings from this study may be used in detecting a group of police officers who have lower levels of physical fitness. Thus, policies aiming to enhance the level of physical fitness could be implemented within the system.
The Home-Cage Automated Skilled Reaching Apparatus (HASRA): Individualized Training of Group-Housed Mice in a Single Pellet Reaching Task
Authors: Salameh Gilles , Jeffers Matthew S. , Wu Junzheng , Pitney Julian , Silasi Gergely 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe single pellet reaching task is commonly used in rodents to assess the acquisition of fine motor skill and recovery of function following nervous system injury. Although this task is useful for gauging skilled forelimb use in rodents, the process of training animals is labor intensive and variable across studies and labs. To address these limitations, we developed a single pellet reaching paradigm for training and testing group housed mice within their home cage. Mice enter a training compartment attached to the outside of the cage and retrieve millet seeds presented on a motorized pedestal that can be individually positioned to present seeds to either forelimb. To identify optimal training parameters, we compared task participation and success rates between groups of animals that were presented seeds at two different heights (floor vs mouth height) and at different intervals (fixed-time vs trial-based). The mouth height/fixed interval presentation style was most effective at promoting reaching behavior as all mice reached for seeds within 5 d. Using this paradigm, we assessed stroke-induced deficits in home-cage reaching. Following three weeks of baseline training, reaching success rate was ∼40%, with most trials performed during the dark cycle. A forelimb motor cortex stroke significantly decreased interaction with presented seeds within the first 2 d and impaired reaching success rates for the first 7 d. Our data demonstrate that group-housed mice can be efficiently trained on a single pellet reaching task in the home cage and that this assay is sensitive to stroke induced motor impairments.