bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What constitutes effective governance of recreational fisheries?—A global review
Authors: Potts Warren M. , Downey‐Breedt Nicola , Obregon Pablo , Hyder Kieran , Bealey Roy , Sauer Warwick H. H. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe effectiveness of recreational fisheries governance has been mixed, with some countries boasting good governance practices that sustain productive recreational fisheries, while others lack any policies and governance structures specific to recreational fisheries. Here, we identify what constitutes effective governance of recreational fisheries by carrying out: (a) a desktop review of 227 country‐specific fisheries legislation, policies and strategies; and (b) a follow‐up questionnaire‐based survey covering 57 contacts in 29 selected countries. Our results show that while recreational fishing is referred to in the main legislation of 67% of the countries reviewed, only 86 of these 152 countries provide a definition for either “recreational” or “sport” fishing and not always in the main legislation. Recreational fisheries are not considered to be effectively managed in many countries, with less than a quarter of respondents claiming that management in their country is effective. Furthermore, the management efficacy, including compliance with regulations, was considered greater for the industrial and small‐scale fishing sectors than for recreational fisheries in most countries. From our findings, it appears that effective recreational fisheries governance requires explicit acknowledgement of recreational fisheries with a clear legal definition in Policy, a well‐developed Policy statement, extensive co‐management processes, clearly defined biological, economic and social monitoring structures and efficient and transparent cost recovery mechanisms. To ensure adaptation to rapidly changing conditions, policy should recognize all fishery sectors and proactively incorporate adaptive planning and contingency plans to effectively secure the diverse values of resources for all users.
α‐Mangostin suppresses the de novo lipogenesis and enhances the chemotherapeutic response to gemcitabine in gallbladder carcinoma cells via targeting the AMPK/SREBP1 cascades
Authors: Shi Yu , Fan Yangwei , Hu Yuan , Jing Jiayu , Wang Chuying , Wu Yinying , Geng Qianqian , Dong Xuyuan , Li Enxiao , Dong Danfeng 
Published: November 2019

AbstractHigh rates of de novo lipid synthesis have been discovered in certain kinds of tumours, including gallbladder cancer (GBC). Unlike several other tumours, GBC is highly insensitive to standard adjuvant therapy, which makes its treatment even more challenging. Although several potential targets and signalling pathways underlying GBC chemoresistance have been revealed, the precise mechanisms are still elusive. In this study, we found that α‐Mangostin, as a dietary xanthone, repressed the proliferation and clone formation ability, induced cell cycle arrest and the apoptosis, and suppressed de novo lipogenesis of gallbladder cancer cells. The underlying mechanisms might involve the activation of AMPK and, therefore, the suppression of SREBP1 nuclear translocation to blunt de novo lipogenesis. Furthermore, SREBP1 silencing by siRNA or α‐mangostin enhanced the sensitivity of gemcitabine in gallbladder cancer cells. In vivo studies also displayed that MA or gemcitabine administration to nude mice harbouring NOZ tumours can reduce tumour growth, and moreover, MA administration can significantly potentiate gemcitabine‐induced inhibition of tumour growth. Corroborating in vitro findings, tumours from mice treated with MA or gemcitabine alone showed decreased levels of proliferation with reduced Ki‐67 expression and elevated apoptosis confirmed by TUNEL staining, furthermore, the proliferation inhibition and apoptosis up‐regulation were obviously observed in MA combined with gemcitabine treatment group. Therefore, inhibiting de novo lipogenesis via targeting the AMPK/SREBP1 signalling by MA might provide insights into a potential strategy for sensitizing GBC cells to chemotherapy.
Coronally advanced flap with connective tissue graft or xenogeneic acellular dermal matrix in the treatment of multiple gingival recessions: A split‐mouth randomized clinical trial
Authors: Gürlek Önder , Gümüş Pınar , Nizam Nejat , Buduneli Nurcan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical efficacy of xenogeneic acellular dermal matrix (XADM) or connective tissue graft (CTG) combined with modified‐coronally advanced flap (M‐CAF) in the treatment of multiple gingival recessions.Materials and methodsTwelve participants with bilateral MGRs (multiple gingival recession) (82 gingival recessions) randomly received XADM (test group, 41 teeth) on one side and subepithelial CTG (control group, 41 teeth) on the other side in conjunction with M‐CAF in the same session and completed the 18‐months study period. Recession depth (RD), recession width (RW), keratinized tissue width (KTW), probing depth (PD), and clinical attachment level (CAL) were recorded at baseline, and 6‐, 18‐months postoperatively.ResultsPD was significantly higher in the test group at 18‐months (P < .05). PD in the test group was also significantly higher at 6‐ and 18‐months compared to baseline (P < .05). RD and RW were significantly lower at 6‐ and 18‐months compared to baseline in both groups (P < .05) and both parameters were significantly higher in the test group at 18‐months (P < .05). Percentage of teeth with complete root coverage in the test and control groups were similar at 6‐months (78% and 70.7%, respectively) and at 18‐months (both 87.8%) (P > .05).ConclusionWithin the limits of the study, M‐CAF combined with XADM or CTG seems to be similarly effective in RD reduction of class I and II MGRs at least in the short term. Soft tissue shrinkage and increase in PD may be observed with XADM, while; CTG seems to provide stable clinical outcomes for 18‐months follow‐up.Clinical significanceEven though the CTG and XADM in conjunction with M‐CAF may provide similar RD reduction in class I and II multiple gingival recessions in the short term. CTGs may be superior in terms of soft tissue shrinkage and PD values.
Development of a rapid immunochromatographic strip test for the detection of Vibrio parahaemolyticus toxin B that cause acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease
Authors: Wangman Pradit , Chaivisuthangkura Parin , Taengchaiyaphum Suparat , Pengsuk Chalinan , Sithigorngul Paisarn , Longyant Siwaporn 
Published: November 2019

AbstractHere, two monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) specific to different epitopes on ToxB, a toxin produced by Vibrio parahaemolyticus that causes acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (VPAHPND), were employed to develop a rapid strip test. One MAb was conjugated to colloidal gold to bind to ToxB at the application pad, and another MAb was used to capture colloidal gold MAb–protein complexes at the test line (T) on the nitrocellulose strip. To validate test performance, a downstream control line (C) of goat anti‐mouse immunoglobulin G antibody was used to capture the free colloidal gold conjugate MAb. The sample in the application buffer could be applied directly to the application well, and the test result was obtained within 15 min. The sensitivity of the kit is approximately 6.25 µg/ml of toxin, which was equivalent to the toxin produced by approximately 107 cfu/ml of bacteria. This kit is convenient and easy to use since it can be used to identify VPAHPND directly using a single colony of bacteria grown on agar culture plates. Because of its high specificity and simplicity, as well as not being reliant on sophisticated equipment or specialized skills, this strip test could be used by farmers for surveillance for ToxB‐producing bacteria.
Evaluation of the Idexx ProCyte Dx® for analysis of canine cerebrospinal fluid
Authors: Romero‐Fernandez N. , Ives E. J. , Fraser A. R. , Williams T. L. , Paul A. E. H. 
Published: November 2019

ObjectivesTo assess the utility of the Idexx ProCyte Dx® haematology analyser for assessing total nucleated cell count and differential cell counts in canine cerebrospinal fluid.Materials and MethodsSeventy‐three client‐owned dogs undergoing investigations for pyrexia and/or neurological signs were prospectively included. Cerebrospinal fluid samples were assessed using an Idexx ProCyte Dx® analyser and the results were compared to those obtained with the external laboratory reference standard.ResultsThe Idexx ProCyte Dx® performed with good sensitivity (92.6%) and moderate specificity (67.4%) for total nucleated cell count when compared to the reference standard. Qualitative assessment of the Idexx ProCyte Dx® scatter plots, and quantitative assessment of differential cell counts where available, appeared to correlate well with the external laboratory manual differential cell counts, with a good‐to‐high agreement in 25 of 26 samples (96.2%).Clinical SignificanceThe Idexx ProCyte Dx® analyser performed well in determining the total nucleated cell count and differential cell counts in canine cerebrospinal fluid when compared to a reference standard of external laboratory analysis, except for cell counts higher than ~1000/μL. As the Idexx ProCyte Dx® currently only provides a cell count in 10 cells/μL increments, software modification may improve agreement between the two methods. As in human medicine, automated methods may prove useful in the future for cerebrospinal fluid analysis in addition to manual assessment, particularly in an emergency setting.
Immune deposits in skin vessels of patients with acute hemorrhagic edema of young children: A systematic literature review
Authors: Pellanda Giorgia , Lava Sebastiano A. G. , Milani Gregorio P. , Bianchetti Mario G. , Ferrarini Alessandra , Vanoni Federica 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundAcute hemorrhagic edema of young children is a benign skin‐limited vasculitis mainly affecting children 2 to 24 months of age, which is often considered the infantile variant of immunoglobulin A vasculitis (Henoch‐Schönlein purpura). In most cases, the diagnosis is made on a clinical basis without a skin biopsy.MethodsA systematic review of the literature was performed to examine the reported prevalence of vascular immune deposits in skin biopsies of patients with acute hemorrhagic edema of young children.ResultsTesting for vascular immune deposits was performed in 75 cases (64 boys and 11 girls aged from 3.5 to 72, median 11 months) published between 1970 and 2018. Vessel wall deposition of complement C3 was seen in 40 cases. Immunoglobulin M (N = 24), immunoglobulin A (N = 21), immunoglobulin G (N = 13), and immunoglobulin E (N = 3) were less frequently detected. Gender, age, clinical features, and disease duration were not statistically different in cases with and without vessel wall deposition of immunoglobulin A.ConclusionImmune deposits in skin vessels, most frequently complement C3, are common in subjects with acute hemorrhagic edema of young children, providing furhter evidence that acute hemorrhagic edema, immunoglobulin A vasculitis, and pauci‐immune vasculitides are different entities.
The influence on renal function of ibuprofen treatment for patent ductus arteriosus in extremely low birthweight infants
Authors: Nishizaki Naoto , Matsuda Akina , Yoneyama Toshiyuki , Watanabe Akiko , Obinata Kaoru , Shimizu Toshiaki 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundIbuprofen (IBU) has been used recently for the treatment of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in Japan. We aimed to investigate the efficacy and adverse events of IBU and compare them with those of indomethacin (IND) as PDA treatment for extremely low‐birthweight infants (ELBWIs), focusing on short‐term renal function.MethodsA case‐control study was conducted on 16 ELBWIs. The data from eligible patients were divided into two groups. Ten patients had undergone IND treatment (IND group) between January 2017 and June 2018, whereas six had undergone IBU treatment (IBU group) for PDA between July 2018 and December 2018. The IND group received 0.1 mg/kg/12h IND IV infusion for three doses, whereas the IBU group received 10 mg/kg IV IBU infusion followed by 5 mg/kg/day for 2 days. We compared the efficacy for PDA closure and renal impairment between the two groups.ResultsNo significant differences in primary closure rates and the PDA ligation required were observed between the two groups. No significant differences were observed between the incidence of intraventricular hemorrhage and gastrointestinal complications in both groups. Changes in urine volume (%) in the IBU group were significantly higher than in the IND group at 24–36 h post‐administration. The urinary L‐type fatty acid binding protein concentration level at 7 days of life was significantly lower in the IBU group than in the IND group.ConclusionAlthough IBU was comparable to IND in PDA closure rate, IBU was superior to short‐term renal injury in ELBWIs.
Unique cytologic and histologic features of a suspected cutaneous xanthoma in a dog
Authors: Russell Elise B. , Courtman Natalie F. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA 4‐year‐old spayed female American Staffordshire Terrier presented to the U‐Vet Animal Hospital, Werribee, Australia, with a cutaneous mass that had been slowly growing over 12 months. Cytologic evaluation showed cohesive to individualized, vacuolated spindled cells often arranged in a perivascular pattern. The mass was completely excised, and the histopathologic examination demonstrated sheets of vacuolated spindled to round cells expanding the full thickness of the dermis. The cells demonstrated both Iba1 and CD18 antibody binding, leading to an initial interpretation of histiocytic sarcoma. Given the discordance with the clinical presentation, further immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed. The cells demonstrated strong CD204 antibody binding and did not bind E‐cadherin antibody, consistent with a dermal macrophage origin. Ki‐67 antibody binding was regionally variable from <5% to 25%, with more regions that had low Ki‐67 expression. A fasted serum biochemistry panel revealed hypertriglyceridemia and persistent hypercholesterolemia. Based on clinical, microscopic, biochemical, and IHC results, the final interpretation was an indolent dermal histiocytic proliferation of macrophage origin, with a preference for cutaneous xanthoma or reactive dermal fibrohistiocytoma.
Humorous interaction, language learning, and social media
Authors: Chik Alice 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe rising popularity of language learning social network websites (LLSNSs) like Duolingo and Hellolingo reconfigures traditional language learning by providing structured learning materials and spaces for social interaction among language learners. The social interactive aspects have been celebrated to be the facilitating reason to advance learning. Many of these LLSNSs also claim to have millions of active users. This is then the first time in the history of language teaching and learning that we witness a massive number of language learners gathering on the same platform for learning and interaction. On many of these LLSNSs, English learning frequently dominates. This study adopts an observational ethnographic approach to collect natural interaction between English learners of different linguistic backgrounds. Based on interaction collected from about 2,000 threads, this paper examines the ways in which learners use multilingual resources to make sense of humorous English sentences. Findings suggest that in addition to translation, learners frequently draw on word play and popular culture on these LLSNSs to illustrate and enhance learning.
Effect of Ankle-Pivot Misalignment and Upward Ankle Vertical Displacement on Stability and Equilibrium Location for an Ankle-Hip Model of Balance on a Balance Board
Authors: Chumacero-Polanco Erik , Yang James , Chagdes James 
Published: November 2019

AbstractDuring individual training on a balance board (BB), misalignment between the ankle joint and the BB axis of rotation may exist. The ankle-pivot misalignment influences the dynamics of human balance and more importantly, the stability properties of the equilibrium positions of the human-BB dynamical system. Similarly, ankle displacement in the upward direction with respect to the BB pivot also plays a critical role in the stability properties of the human-BB system. This paper investigates these effects through bifurcation analyses performed to the ankle-hip model of balance on a BB developed in our previous work. By using local bifurcation analyses, we have obtained the stability regions of the upright posture (UP) of a human-BB model of balance in different parameter spaces. The stability regions are delimited by Hopf, pitchfork, and saddle-node bifurcation curves in some selected parameter spaces. Results show that ankle-pivot misalignment has an impact on the location of the Hopf and unfolds the pitchfork bifurcation curves (found in the aligned case) into saddle-node bifurcation curves. Moreover, ankle-pivot misalignment breaks the mirror symmetry of upright static equilibrium positions and induces the establishment of equilibrium positions away from the vertical UP. With respect to the ankle vertical displacement, it has a minimal impact on the location of the pitchfork bifurcation curves but has a large impact on the location of the Hopf bifurcation curves, especially when combined with large BB time delay. This suggests that a larger ankle vertical displacement may result in sway oscillations of larger amplitude. The analyses also provide insight into different mechanisms of stability that can be found in the ankle-hip model of balance on a BB, namely, limit cycle oscillations and leaning postures. If an individual suffers from neuropathy, results from this study can be useful for researchers and clinicians in understanding what types of instabilities might be encountered, and during rehabilitation how to position the subjects carefully to avoid inadvertent instabilities.
Effects of Baffle Width on Heat Transfer to an Immersed Coil Heat Exchanger: Experimental Optimization
Authors: Nicodemus Julia Haltiwanger , Huang Xiaoqi , Dentinger Emily , Petitt Kyle , Smith Joshua H. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In this work, we investigate the effects of the width of an annular baffle region on natural convection heat transfer to an immersed, coiled heat exchanger in an otherwise quiescent sensible hot water storage tank. In the experiments, the coiled heat exchanger sits in an annular region created by the tank wall and a straight, cylindrical baffle. The width of this baffle region is 1.5, 2, 3, or 4 times the heat exchanger diameter. These experiments are compared to each other and to corresponding control experiments with no baffle. In general, all baffles create considerable benefits over their respective control experiments, consistent with past studies. The considered metrics of heat transfer rate, fraction of energy discharged from the tank, heat exchanger outlet temperature, and heat exchanger effectiveness show that heat transfer is improved slightly by narrowing the baffle region. For example, relative to their respective controls, the energy extracted from the tank after 30 min of discharge in the 1.5D, 2D, 3D, and 4D experiments is 23.3%, 20.8%, 18.1%, and 14.6% higher, respectively. This improvement in natural convection heat transfer as the baffle region narrows is attributed to the increasing thermal stratification observed with increasingly narrow baffle regions.
Two Flow Models for Designing Hydrostatic Bearings With Porous Material
Authors: Böhle M. , Gu Y. , Schimpf A. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The numerical prediction of load capacity, stiffness, power loss of hydrostatic journal bearings must be performed for technical applications. In this contribution hydrostatic bearings consisting of porous material are considered. Porous hydrostatic bearings have the advantage that no pressure erosion occurs and that the flow medium can be led homogenously to the gap between shaft and bearing. It is still a problem to design such bearings because the flow in the porous material must be taken into account. There is a simple flow model (SFM) available to calculate quickly the load capacity, stiffness, power loss. This model which is based on the assumption that the flow inside the porous material is axially symmetric works well provided that the eccentricity is small (dimensionless eccentricity e/h0 &lt; 0.5). For large eccentricities — larger than e/h0 &gt; 0.5 the axially symmetric assumption is too strong violated and the results for load capacity, stiffness become inaccurate. Therefore an improved model was developed which is described in the present contribution. This improved model couples the Reynolds equation for hydrodynamic lubrication (REHL) with Darcy Law as it had already been done for the aforementioned fast working SFM. The improved model is not based on the axially symmetric assumption but models the flow completely inside the porous material, i.e. Darcys Law is applied for the porous material without making any assumptions. By the application of the new model, its short name is Full Darcy’s Law (FDL) Model, bearings with high eccentricities can be designed. The application of Darcys Law leads to a Laplace equation for the static pressure distribution in the porous material which is coupled with the REHL. It is described how the resulting equation system is solved by a finite difference method. In this contribution the fast working SFM is described shortly again. The main emphasis lies on the introduction of the FDL-model which needs more computer resources for designing a porous bearing than the SFM. It is explained in detail how the coupling between Darcy Law (Laplace equation) and the REHL is realized. A comparison between the results of both models is shown and the differences are interpreted. Additionally, CFD results are used in order to validate the results of the FDL-model.
Experimental Analysis of Turbulent Wake Development Behind a Permeable Cylinder
Authors: Horimoto Yasufumi , Suzuki Yusuke , Hagiwara Kazuki , Kawaguchi Yasuo 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
To investigate the effect of permeability on turbulent wake behind a cylinder in uniform flow, we conduct particle image velocimetry on turbulent wake behind permeable cylinders, which are made of mesh sheets, of different permeabilities and compare the results with those for a solid cylinder. For relatively lower permeability, turbulent wake is quite similar to the case for a solid cylinder except for a slight shift in the streamwise direction of the reversed flow region implying turbulent Kármán vortex shedding. On the other hand, for higher permeability, the structure of turbulence is qualitatively different. More concretely, turbulent Kármán vortices disappear. Interestingly, however, the momentum deficit for such flow is comparable with that of a solid cylinder. This considerable momentum deficit can be understood with isotropic turbulence caused by the flow penetrating through the mesh constructing the cylinders. These results imply that turbulent wake behind a permeable cylinder involves dynamics both of wake and grid turbulence and the latter one dominates when permeability is sufficiently high.