bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the Quantitative Tripartite Allocation of the Atmospheric Vapor, Oqtav
Authors: Hussein Mohamed Fahmy , Zouari Kamal , Anter Mohamed , Nosser Mariam 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The quantitative distribution of AVM into three distinguished vapor endmembers is lacking in the literature. This work fills such a gap. The isotope ratio, δ18OL, of rainwater in Winter, and artificial condensates in Summer, gave the 18OV contents of the AVMs at temperature-dependent equilibrium, downtown Cairo city, Nile Delta apex. We used our models, TIMAM, CLAW, and SIGNALS to process the δ18OV and the commensurate S values in several AVM data sets for determining the percent and mass contributions of three moisture origins and their temporal waveforms. The proportions revealed the Marine vapor dominance, followed by Evapotranspiration contribution. By far, the free Troposphere source showed a slight input. The quota of each constituent manifests a delayed waveform vs. the δ18OV influx, which shows a diurnal peak and a nocturnal tunnel. The moderate ET percent inputs in Winter, and by daytime, impose significant AVM 18O enrichment. In contrast, the high Maritime vapor inputs in Summer, and by night, stand behind the depleted AVM 18O content. The relationship between the mass input of each source and the AVM isotope ratio show significant dispersion for the negative trend of the diurnal-nocturnal Marine vapor in the two seasons. Such a high scattering is due to the mingling of the diurnal northern wind-gust convection (marked by low Marine vapor input) and the nocturnal steady advection (characterized by high Marine vapor input). Marine vapor waveform has a 12-hour time-lag by the intertwining of turbulent diurnal transmission, and steady nocturnal transport, via the long trajectory (180 km) from the Mediterranean coast to Cairo. In contrast, the relationships between ET mass input and AVM isotope ratio, on the one hand, and between the Troposphere vapor mass input and AVM isotope ratio, on the other hand, manifest low-dispersion positive and negative regressions, respectively. Such a low dispersion is due to short transport pathway, narrow range of the biological input (that increases only during daytime), and Troposphere downdraft (moving northward in Winter but southward in Summer). The ET waveform has a Zero-hour time-lag, like that of the Troposphere vapor. Albeit the low S value of the Troposphere vapor, its impact on the AVM isotopic depletion is significant due to its extremely shallow 18O content. The Troposphere input increase, at low S values of the AVM, is related to regional drought, as expected. The high S values, of Marine and biotic origins, usually go with temperature apogees, especially in Summer, as anticipated. The used models help in improving the time-series simulation of evaporation runs, since using seasonal δ18OV and S markers is better than using a snapshot. The ternary-vapor-source allocation procedure is a breakthrough in isotope hydrology. This thoroughly useful procedure will prove its ultimate benefits when the users get CRDS laser-controlled devices for the continuous measurements of the isotopic ratios in the local AVMs.
Nanoparticle composite TPNT1 is effective against SARS-CoV-2 and influenza viruses
Authors: Chang Sui-Yuan , Huang Kuo-Yen , Chao Tai-Ling , Kao Han-Chieh , Pang Yu-Hao , Lu Lin , Chiu Chun-Lun , Huang Hsin-Chang , Cheng Ting-Jen Rachel , Fang Jim-Min , Yang Pan-Chyr 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
A metal nanoparticle composite TPNT1, which contains Au-NP (1 ppm), Ag-NP (5 ppm), ZnO-NP (60 ppm) and ClO2 (42.5 ppm) in aqueous solution was prepared and characterized by spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering analysis and potentiometric titration. Based on the in vitro cell-based assay, TPNT1 can inhibit six major clades of SARS-CoV-2 with effective concentration within the range to be used as food additives. TPNT1 was shown to block viral entry by inhibiting the binding of SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins to ACE2 receptor and to interfere with the syncytium formation. In addition, TPNT1 also effectively reduced the cytopathic effects induced by human (H1N1) and avian (H5N1) influenza viruses, including the wild-type and Tamiflu-resistant virus isolates. Together with previously demonstrated efficacy as antimicrobials, TPNT1 can block viral entry and inhibit or prevent viral infection to provide prophylactic effects against both SARS-CoV-2 and opportunistic infections.
Investigating effects of preoperative inflammatory biomarkers on predicting survival outcomes of peripheral intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma after curative resection
Authors: Zhang Zeyu , Zhou Yufan , Hu Kuan , Huang Yun 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Introduction: Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) stands as the second most common malignant tumor in liver with poor patient prognosis. Increasing evidences have shown that inflammation plays a significant role in tumor progression, angiogenesis and metastasis. However, the prognosis significance of inflammatory biomarkers on recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) in peripheral ICC patients is poorly recognized.Methods: Peripheral ICC patients who underwent curative hepatectomy and diagnosed pathologically were retrospectively analyzed. Inflammatory biomarkers, including neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), were investigated.Results: Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves showed no significance in NLR, PLR and LMR in RFS and OS, while significant results were shown on SII in both RFS (P=0.035) and OS (P=0.034) with areas under ROC curve as 0.63 (95%CI: 0.52-0.74) and 0.62 (95%CI: 0.51-0.72), respectively. Kaplan-Meier curves revealed statistically significant better survival data in SII-low groups on both RFS (P＜0.001) and OS (P＜0.001). The univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that higher level of SII was independently associated with both poorer RFS time and OS time. However, no significant result was shown on NLR, PLR or LMR.Conclusion: SII is an effective prognostic factor for predicting the prognosis of peripheral ICC patient undergone curative hepatectomy, while NLR, PLR and LMR are not associated with clinical outcomes of these patients.
Combating Phone Harassment through VoiceAnalysis Filtration of Anonymous Reports
Authors: Kushum Obonee , Mahi Julkar Nayeen , Biswas Milon 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Given the increasing popularity of smartphones as all-in-one computing devices for corporate work and everyday personal use, it is no wonder that mobile devices have become the most appealing attack surface for today's cyber criminals. In that case obscene or harassing phone calls can be one of the most stressful and frightening invasions of privacy a person experiences. Thus Mobile security has become increasingly important in mobile computing. There exist various applications that block spam calls through the SIM card numbers by establishing a spam database which identities the source of income calls. But unfortunately, their effciency of work is not up to the mark, since its usually pointless to track and block the SIM card number, as the number of spam callers is constantly changed. Considering this point, we are presenting a new concept in which frauds will be recognized through their vocals, even in a noisy environment, with a few seconds of speech, as one can change his number several times but can't change his voice. Here we have used several algorithms and techniques, such as speaker verification, speaker identification, forensic speaker recognition (FSR), spectrogram masking, voice ltering, Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coeffcient (MFCC) and a combination of Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) and Hidden Markov Model (HMM). Moreover, this system doesn't require any kind of personal information of the users. In this consequence, safety issues also remain in force. Findings of this study will be useful for lawyers, law enforcement agencies, and judges in the courts to recognize their suspects.
All the 14 meridians course can be searched enough by meridian-like high thermal line inducing technique in human body.
Authors: Cha Yongchol , Choe Hyok , Oh Songjin , Cha ZinHwa , Dong Zhang 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: The meridian-like high thermal line (MLHTL) is induced along the target meridians course after acupoints stimulus by mineral pulse light stimulator. The rising temperature is average 1.85±0.52°C. So then, what’s the inducing mechanism of MLHTL? And can search all the 14 meridians course? Objectives: The purpose of this study is to explain the inducing mechanism of MLHTL, and the searching possibility of MLHTL course and all the 14 meridians course in the human body.Methods: Inducing character of meridian-like high thermal lines were researched and analyzed. And the searching possibility of MLHTL course and all the 14 meridians course, was analyzed.Results: Inducing characteristic of MLHTL is that MLHTL is induced when acupoints are stimulated by the mineral pulse light (Hz= 1.25), and in opposite, never induced, when acupoints is stimulated by the mineral non-pulse light (Hz= 0). This result is same as meaning of the pulse light resonance circuit (pulse current circuit) at electronic engineering. And the mini atomic magnetometer (QZFM Gen-2) can search enough pulse magnetic field induced from MLHTL course. Conclusions: The meridian-like high thermal lines are induced by pulse ion current occurred along the classic meridians course, so that all the 14 meridians course can be searched by MLHTL inducing technique enough in human body.
Treatment of patient with end-stage hepatocellular carcinoma by the mineral pulse light stimuli on LV acupoints- case report
Authors: cha yongchol , Choe Hyok , Oh Songjin , Cha ZinHwa 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background; Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents a major and steadily increasing global health challenge as the most common primary liver malignancy and leading cause of death in cirrhotic patients. The only hope for curative treatment or significant increase in life expectancy is early detection. Once patients have progressed towards end-stage HCC, effective treatment options are extremely limited on the background of a very high degree of heterogeneity in clinical presentation and outcome. Objectives; The purpose of this study is to perform clinical trial on an end-stage HCC patient by mineral pulse light stimulus on LV acupoints without any drugs use. Methods; End-stage HCC patient was stimulated by mineral pulse light stimulator (MPLS). Stimulus acupoints; LV3, LV14, SP6. The selected acupoints were stimulated by MPLS for 50~60 minutes once a day. The same method was performed on the patient for 25days and rested for 5days, and again repeated every month without any drugs use. Results; After treatment, the general patient conditions and alfa-fetoprotein level were improved and hepatoma size was decreased to 9.1×8.5cm from 11.0×9.7cm before treatment (a), and the decay areas was disappeared.Conclusions; End-stage HCC patient was improved by mineral pulse light stimulus on LV acupoints without any drugs use.
Seasonal monitoring of Cryptosporidium species and genetic diversity in neonatal dairy calves on two large-scale farms in Xinjiang, China
Authors: Wu Yayun , Zhang Kuankuan , Jing Bo , Xu Chunyan , Chen Yuancai , Wei Zilin , Zhang Ying , Cui Zhaohui , Qi Meng , Zhang Longxian 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Neonatal dairy calves infected with Cryptosporidium can possess a significant source of zoonotic infections and disease. To assess seasonal variations in the prevalence and genetic diversity of Cryptosporidium in neonatal dairy calves, 380 fecal samples from neonatal dairy calves on two large-scale farms in Xinjiang (Alaer and Wensu) were screened for the Cryptosporidium small subunit (SSU) rRNA gene. Results: The overall prevalence of Cryptosporidium was 48.7% (185/380): 48.6% (108/222) in Alaer and 48.7% (77/158) in Wensu. Cryptosporidium was most frequent in summer (56.8%, 54/95), followed by spring (50.0%, 44/88), winter (46.8%, 44/94), and autumn (41.7%, 43/103) (P > 0.05). Cryptosporidium was significantly more prevalent in calves with diarrhea (72.4%, 113/156) than in those without (32.1%, 72/224) (P < 0.01). Based on a restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis, C. parvum (n = 173), C. bovis (n = 7), C. ryanae (n = 3), and co-infections of the three species (n = 2) were identified. Most (172/175) C. parvum samples were successfully sequenced at the 60-kDa glycoprotein gene (gp60), revealing two zoonotic subtypes: IIdA14G1 (n = 94) and IIdA15G1 (n = 7) in Alaer and IIdA15G1 (n = 71) in Wensu.Conclusions: These results showed that neonatal dairy calves were commonly infected with Cryptosporidium throughout the year, and there was a significant association between the occurrence of diarrhea and Cryptosporidium infection. Presence of IIdA14G1 and IIdA15G1 indicated neonatal dairy calves may be a source of zoonotic C. parvum subtypes.
Insecticide-impregnated netting as a potential surface treatment: an alternative to insecticide spraying for control of the leishmaniasis vector Lutzomyia longipalpis (Diptera: Psychodidae)?
Authors: Barbosa Vanessa , Souza Cristian F , Gatherer Derek , Brazil Reginaldo P , Hamilton James Gordon Campbell 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: The sand fly, Lutzomyia longipalpis, is the main vector of Leishmania infantum in Brazil. A previous laboratory study showed that covering surfaces with insecticide-impregnated netting may provide an alternative method for killing sand flies. Synthetic male Lu. longipalpis sex/aggregation pheromone co-located with micro-encapsulated l-cyhalothrin demonstrated the potential of “lure-and-kill” to significantly reduce canine infection and sand fly densities. In this study we were interested to determine if insecticide impregnated netting could replace sprayed insecticide for Lu. longipalpis control.Methods: We placed synthetic pheromone in experimental and real chicken sheds treated with a 1m2 surface of either sprayed insecticide or insecticide-impregnated netting. Two experiments in experimental chicken sheds were carried out to determine the effect of the insecticide treatments on Lu. longipalpis over 1-week and 16-week periods. We counted the number of Lu. longipalpis collected overnight and dead at 24 hours. Two longitudinal intervention studies were carried in real chicken sheds and compared the numbers of Lu. longipalpis (collected and dead at 24h) before adding the intervention (either the netting or sprayed insecticide treatments) with the numbers collected 24h after the intervention. Results: In the first experiment all flies caught in the spray treated experimental chicken sheds were dead at 24 hours and in netting treated sheds 97% of females and 88% of males were dead at 24 hours (257 vs 225, Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test P=0.043). The netting and spray treated traps were equally effective at killing both female and male Lu. longipalpis over the first 8-weeks however after 16-weeks both treatments killed a significantly lower proportion of females (64%vs 96%; P=0.000) and males 89%vs 100%; P=0.000) compared to the beginning. In the first of the longitudinal studies in real chicken sheds only the netting intervention significantly increased the proportion of females dead after 24h (60%vs81%; P=0.042). The subsequent study showed that both netting and spraying treatments had similarly significant impacts on the proportion of females dead after 24h (netting: 60%vs80%: P=0.0194 and spraying: 43%vs72%: P=0.0004).Conclusions: The netting and spray insecticide interventions (with synthetic sex/aggregation pheromone) have similar impacts on the Lu. longipalpis population.
The Design of a Real-Scale Steel Moment-Resisting Frame for Pseudo-Dynamic Earthquake Testing
Authors: Francavilla Antonella B. , Latour Massimo , Rizzano Gianvittorio 
Published: August 2020

Background:
Forthe reliable prediction of the non-linear response of structures, severe seismic events have proven to be a challenging task. Although much non-linear analysis software exists, the accuracy of the results depends on the assumptions made in the characterization of the members. Typically, the analytical models are calibrated using experimental observations. With this scope, experimental research remains the most reliable mean for the assessment of the seismic performance of structures, and it is crucial to target the development of new analytical models and design methods.

Objective:
Quasi-static tests can provide information on the non-linear behaviour of subassemblies, but it is often difficult to relate the imposed force or displacement histories to those that might occur during an earthquake. The pseudo-dynamic method combines an on-line computer simulation with experimental information about the tested structure, providing the application of realistic dynamic response histories. In this paper, the preliminary analysis and the design of a pseudo-dynamic testing facility for the experimental study of a real scale two storeys-two bays steel MRF, with classical and innovative joint details, are shown.

Methods:
Pushover and Incremental Dynamic Analyses carried out with Seismostruct software estimate the forces and displacements expected at each storey for the selected ground motions. These analyses have been performed by varying the structural detail of the beam-to-column connections.

Results / Conclusion:
In this paper, the analytical prediction of the performance of two bays-two storeys steel frames equipped with different solutions of beam-to-column joints is focused. Based on the performed analyses, it has been recognized that steel frames with partial strength joints can provide satisfactory performance under severe seismic actions provided that the joints are adequately designed.
Evaluating Asthma Mobile Apps to Improve Asthma Self-Management: User Ratings and Sentiment Analysis of Publicly Available Apps
Authors: Camacho-Rivera Marlene , Vo Huy , Huang Xueqi , Lau Julia , Lawal Adeola , Kawaguchi Akira 
Published: August 2020

Background
The development and use of mobile health (mHealth) apps for asthma management have risen dramatically over the past two decades. Asthma apps vary widely in their content and features; however, prior research has rarely examined preferences of users of publicly available apps.

Objective
The goals of this study were to provide a descriptive overview of asthma mobile apps that are publicly available and to assess the usability of asthma apps currently available on the market to identify content and features of apps associated with positive and negative user ratings.

Methods
Reviews were collected on June 23, 2020, and included publicly posted reviews until June 21, 2020. To characterize features associated with high or low app ratings, we first dichotomized the average user rating of the asthma app into 2 categories: a high average rating and a low average rating. Asthma apps with average ratings of 4 and above were categorized as having a high average rating. Asthma apps with average ratings of less than 4 were categorized as having a low average rating. For the sentiment analysis, we modeled both 2-word (bi-gram) and 3-word (tri-gram) phrases which commonly appeared across highly rated and lowly rated apps.

Results
Of the 10 apps that met the inclusion criteria, a total of 373 reviews were examined across all apps. Among apps reviewed, 53.4% (199/373) received high ratings (average ratings of 4 or 5) and 47.2% (176/373) received low ratings (average ratings of 3 or less). The number of ratings across all apps ranged from 188 (AsthmaMD) to 10 (My Asthma App); 30% (3/10) of apps were available on both Android and iOS. From the sentiment analysis, key features of asthma management that were common among highly rated apps included the tracking of peak flow readings (n=48), asthma symptom monitoring (n=11), and action plans (n=10). Key features related to functionality that were common among highly rated apps included ease of use (n=5). Users most commonly reported loss of data (n=14) and crashing of app (n=12) as functionality issues among poorly rated asthma apps.

Conclusions
Our study results demonstrate that asthma app quality, maintenance, and updates vary widely across apps and platforms. These findings may call into question the long-term engagement with asthma apps, a crucial factor for determining their potential to improve asthma self-management and asthma clinical outcomes.
Excess Patient Visits for Cough and Pulmonary Disease at a Large US Health System in the Months Prior to the COVID-19 Pandemic: Time-Series Analysis
Authors: Elmore Joann G , Wang Pin-Chieh , Kerr Kathleen F , Schriger David L , Morrison Douglas E , Brookmeyer Ron , Pfeffer Michael A , Payne Thomas H , Currier Judith S 
Published: August 2020

Background
Accurately assessing the regional activity of diseases such as COVID-19 is important in guiding public health interventions. Leveraging electronic health records (EHRs) to monitor outpatient clinical encounters may lead to the identification of emerging outbreaks.

Objective
The aim of this study is to investigate whether excess visits where the word “cough” was present in the EHR reason for visit, and hospitalizations with acute respiratory failure were more frequent from December 2019 to February 2020 compared with the preceding 5 years.

Methods
A retrospective observational cohort was identified from a large US health system with 3 hospitals, over 180 clinics, and 2.5 million patient encounters annually. Data from patient encounters from July 1, 2014, to February 29, 2020, were included. Seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (SARIMA) time-series models were used to evaluate if the observed winter 2019/2020 rates were higher than the forecast 95% prediction intervals. The estimated excess number of visits and hospitalizations in winter 2019/2020 were calculated compared to previous seasons.

Results
The percentage of patients presenting with an EHR reason for visit containing the word “cough” to clinics exceeded the 95% prediction interval the week of December 22, 2019, and was consistently above the 95% prediction interval all 10 weeks through the end of February 2020. Similar trends were noted for emergency department visits and hospitalizations starting December 22, 2019, where observed data exceeded the 95% prediction interval in 6 and 7 of the 10 weeks, respectively. The estimated excess over the 3-month 2019/2020 winter season, obtained by either subtracting the maximum or subtracting the average of the five previous seasons from the current season, was 1.6 or 2.0 excess visits for cough per 1000 outpatient visits, 11.0 or 19.2 excess visits for cough per 1000 emergency department visits, and 21.4 or 39.1 excess visits per 1000 hospitalizations with acute respiratory failure, respectively. The total numbers of excess cases above the 95% predicted forecast interval were 168 cases in the outpatient clinics, 56 cases for the emergency department, and 18 hospitalized with acute respiratory failure.

Conclusions
A significantly higher number of patients with respiratory complaints and diseases starting in late December 2019 and continuing through February 2020 suggests community spread of SARS-CoV-2 prior to established clinical awareness and testing capabilities. This provides a case example of how health system analytics combined with EHR data can provide powerful and agile tools for identifying when future trends in patient populations are outside of the expected ranges.