bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Political Authority, Personal Autonomy and Higher Education
Authors: Martin Christopher 
Published: September 2020

Does the liberal state have a role in helping mature citizens make worthwhile educational choices? The question has clear relevance for the aims of higher education in a liberal democratic society. As systems of higher education internationalize, it has become difficult for liberal states to steer high education policy in directions that serve civic interests. This is, in part, because political liberalism imposes restrictions on what one might call directive educational authority: the power to direct citizens toward specific kinds of knowledge, understanding and skills in the interests of making their lives better. This restriction follows from the view that citizens have the capacity to make thier own decisions about how best to live, including decisions about the kind of education they need. My aim in this paper is to make the case for a more direct role for the state in promoting a good life through higher education. In particular, I argue that the liberal state’s obligation to promote autonomy across its citizenry confers legitimate educational authority over post-compulsory, as well as compulsory, education. This argument affirms the State’s educational obligations to citizens beyond a basic or compulsory education. Getting in the way of this affirmation, however, is an overly restrictive account of educational authority that occludes these obligations under the guise of respect for autonomy. Accordingly, in making my case I propose an autonomy-based account educational authority derived from Joseph Raz’s Service Conception, defending this account against the charge that such authority is illegitimately paternalistic.
Flourishing and Well-being in the Academy: A Capabilities Approach
Authors: Gereluk Dianne 
Published: September 2020

Increased wellness and mental health strategies have been implemented across campuses in post-secondary institutions, which is reflective of the broader discourse on wellness in societies. In response to increased awareness of wellness on campuses, universities respond in various ways which include student and staff engagement surveys, academic plans that include wellness, and institutional mental health strategies. While these initiatives are important to support the communities that universities serve, such initiatives may do better if a more robust notion of wellbeing underpins these initiatives. In this paper, I draw upon Nussbaum’s capabilities to broaden the discourse on wellbeing in academia. I argue that considering wellbeing through a capabilities approach may provide a better normative framework to address more substantive tensions that undermine academics’ well-being.
Antimicrobial and micronutrient interventions for the management of infants under 6 months of age identified with severe malnutrition: a literature review
Authors: Campion-Smith Timothy J. , Kerac Marko , McGrath Marie , Berkley James A. 
Published: September 2020

Background
Infants under 6 months (U6M) contribute a significant proportion of the burden and mortality of severe malnutrition globally. Evidence of underlying aetiology in this population is sparse, but it is known that the group includes ex-preterm and low birthweight (LBW) infants. They represent a unique population given their dependence on breastmilk or a safe, secure alternative. Nutrition agencies and health providers struggle to make programming decisions on which interventions should be provided to this group based upon the 2013 WHO Guidelines for the ‘Management of Severe Acute Malnutrition in Infants and Young Children’ since there are no published interventional trial data focussed on this population. Interim guidance for this group might be informed by evidence of safety and efficacy in adjacent population groups.

Methodology
A narrative literature review was performed of systematic reviews, meta-analyses and randomised controlled trials of antimicrobial and micronutrient interventions (antibiotics, deworming, vitamin A, vitamin D, iron, zinc, folic acid and oral rehydration solution (ORS) for malnutrition) across the population groups of low birthweight/preterm infants, infants under 6 months, infants and children over 6 months with acute malnutrition or through supplementation to breastfeeding mothers. Outcomes of interest were safety and efficacy, in terms of mortality and morbidity.

Results
Ninety-four articles were identified for inclusion within this review. None of these studied interventions exclusively in severely malnourished infants U6M. 64% reported on the safety of studied interventions. Significant heterogeneity was identified in definitions of study populations, interventions provided, and outcomes studied. The evidence for efficacy and safety across population groups is reviewed and presented for the interventions listed.

Conclusions
The direct evidence base for medical interventions for severely malnourished infants U6M is sparse. Our review identifies a specific need for accurate micronutrient profiling and interventional studies of micronutrients and oral fluid management of diarrhoea amongst infants U6M meeting anthropometric criteria for severe malnutrition. Indirect evidence presented in this review may help shape interim policy and programming decisions as well as the future research agenda for the management of infants U6M identified as malnourished.
New Promises and Opportunities in 3D Printable Inks Based on Coordination Compounds for the Creation of Objects with Multiple Applications
Authors: Maldonado Noelia , Amo‐Ochoa Pilar 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis review focuses on the usefulness of coordination bonds to create 3D printable inks and shows how the union of chemistry and 3D technology contributes to new scientific advances, by allowing amorphous or polycrystalline solids to be transformed into objects with the desired shape for successful applications. The review clearly shows how there has been considerable increase in the manufacture of objects based on the combination of organic matrices and coordination compounds. These coordination compounds are usually homogeneously dispersed within the matrix, anchored onto a proper support or coating the printed object, without destroying their unique properties. Advances are so rapid that today it is already possible to 3D print objects made exclusively from coordination compounds without additives. The new printable inks are made mainly with nanoscale nonporous coordination polymers, metal–organic gels, or metal–organic frameworks. The highly dynamic coordination bond allows the creation of objects, which respond to stimuli, that can act as sensors and be used for drug delivery. In addition, the combination of metal–organic frameworks with 3D printing allows the adsorption or selective capacity of the object to be increased, relative to that of the original compound, which is useful in energy storage, gas separation, or water pollutant elimination. Furthermore, the presence of the metal ion can give them new properties, such as luminescence, that are useful for application in sensors or anticounterfeiting. Technological advances, the combination of various printing techniques, and the properties of coordination bonds lead to the creation of surprising, new, printable inks and objects with highly complex shapes that will close the gap between academia and industry for research into coordination compounds.
Bonding Trends in Tetravalent Th–Pu Monosalen Complexes
Authors: Radoske Thomas , März Juliane , Patzschke Michael , Kaden Peter , Walter Olaf , Schmidt Moritz , Stumpf Thorsten 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe synthesis of three complex series of the form [AnCl2(salen)(Pyx)2] (H2salen=N,N′‐bis(salicylidene)ethylenediamine; Pyx=pyridine, 4‐methylpyridine, 3,5‐dimethylpyridine) with tetravalent early actinides (An=Th, U, Np, Pu) is reported with the goal to elucidate the affinity of these heavy elements for small neutral N‐donor molecules. Structure determination by single‐crystal XRD and characterization of bulk powders with infrared spectroscopy reveals isostructurality within each respective series and the same complex conformation in all reported structures. Although the trend of interatomic distances for An−Cl and An−N (imine nitrogen of salen or pyridyl nitrogen of Pyx) was found to reflect an ionic behavior, the trend of the An−O distances can only be described with additional covalent interactions for all elements heavier than thorium. All experimental results are supported by quantum chemical calculations, which confirm the mostly ionic character in the An−N and An−Cl bonds, as well as the highest degree of covalency of the An−O bonds. Structurally, the calculations indicate just minor electronic or steric effects of the additional Pyx substituents on the complex properties.
High‐sugar diet intake, physical activity, and gut microbiota crosstalk: Implications for obesity in rats
Authors: de Oliveira Neves Viviano Gomes , de Oliveira Daiane Teixeira , Oliveira Deborah Campos , Oliveira Perucci Luiza , dos Santos Talita Adriana Pereira , da Costa Fernandes Isabela , de Sousa Graziele Galdino , Barboza Natália Rocha , Guerra‐Sá Renata 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis study aims to evaluate the effect of long‐term high‐sugar diet (HSD) intake and regular physical activity on gut microbiota as well as its health impact. Weaned male Wistar rats were fed with standard chow diet (SSD) or HSD ad libitum and subjected or not to regular swimming training with a workload (2% of body weight) for 15 weeks. Feces samples were used on microbiome analysis using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. HSD increased body mass, adipose cushions, and the serum levels of triglycerides and VLDL, also changed the bacteria taxons associated with metabolic disorders (increase taxons belonging to Proteobacteria phylum and decrease Pediococcus genus); the swim training reverted these changes. SSD intake increased the abundance of bacteria associated with metabolization of dietary fiber. Training in association with SSD consumption beneficially modulated the microbiota, increasing the Bacteroidetes, Bacteroidaceae, Porphyromonadaceae, Parabacteroides, and Lactobacillaceae, and decreasing the Firmicute/Bacteroidetes ratio; training was not able to maintain this profile in animals SHD‐fed. Physical training modulates the gut microbiota reversing the obesogenic response caused by SHD. However, training itself is not efficient for up‐regulating the probiotic bacteria in comparison to its association with a balanced diet.
Automated design for recognition of blood cells diseases from hematopathology using classical features selection and ELM
Authors: Khan Muhammad Attique , Qasim Muhammad , Lodhi Hafiz Muhammad Junaid , Nazir Muhammad , Javed Kashif , Rubab Saddaf , Din Ahmad , Habib Usman 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn the human immune system, the white blood cells (WBC) creates bone and lymphoid masses. These cells defend the human body toward several infections, such as fungi and bacteria. The popular WBC types are Eosinophils, Lymphocytes, Neutrophils, and Monocytes, which are manually diagnosis by the experts. The manual diagnosis process is complicated and time‐consuming; therefore, an automated system is required to classify these WBC. In this article, a new method is presented for WBC classification using feature selection and extreme learning machine (ELM). At the very first step, data augmentation is performed to increases the number of images and then implement a new contrast stretching technique name pixel stretch (PS). In the next step, color and gray level size zone matrix (GLSZM) features are calculated from PS images and fused in one vector based on the level of high similarity. However, few redundant features are also included that affect the classification performance. For handling this problem, a maximum relevance probability (MRP) based feature selection technique is implemented. The best‐selected features computed from a fitness function are ELM in this work. All maximum relevance features are put to ELM, and this process is continued until the error rate is minimized. In the end, the final selected features are classified through Cubic SVM. For validation of the proposed method, LISC and Dhruv datasets are used, and it achieved the highest accuracy of 96.60%. From the results, it is clearly shown that the proposed method results are improved as compared to other implemented techniques.
Analysis of the prophylactic effect of thymosin drugs on COVID‐19 for 435 medical staff: A hospital‐based retrospective study
Authors: Liu Xiulan , Liu Yi , Wang Liuming , Hu Luhong , Liu Dong , Li Juan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractTo explore the role of thymosin drugs in the prevention of novel coronavirus disease (COVID‐19), we analyzed the preventive effects of different medication timings on health medical staff, and then provided recommendations for pharmaceutical monitoring of thymus drugs. The hospital‐based retrospective study analyzed 435 medical staffers, treated with or without thymosin drugs as preventive medicines in our hospital of Wuhan City, from January 25 to March 25, 2020. For the prophylactics, the medical staff was prevented from pre‐exposure prophylaxis (risk prevention of exposure to COVID‐19 patients before using thymosin drugs) and postexposure prophylaxis (risk prevention of exposure to COVID‐19 patients after using thymosin drugs). The effectiveness and safety of thymosin drugs were studied in the prevention and control of COVID‐19 application, in real‐world data research for the application of the drug for COVID‐ 19. In a similar exposure environment, compared to medical staffers who did not take preventive medicine, the use of thymosin drugs, before exposure and after exposure had an insignificant effect, and the adverse drug reaction (ADR) was increased, especially when thymosin drugs were used together with α‐interferon.
Fluorinated SnO2/ER as an antistatic coating for enhancing the surface insulating strength of epoxy insulators
Authors: Wu Gengteng , Ruan Haoou , Tian Yi , Zhou Huahao , An Guoping , Yang Xinyu , Xie Qing 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe surface coating of epoxy resin has been widely used in the composite materials with micron scale fillers, but the related research on the composite coating filled with nanoparticles is still rare. SnO2 is a common antistatic additive in composite materials, and it is also a semiconductor material, capable of uniform voltage. In this paper, nano‐SnO2 powder was considered as the filler of coating materials. By analyzing the microscopic test results, the flashover voltage, surface charge dissipation, and surface conductivity of the coating sample, the effects of coating treatment and nano‐SnO2 fluorination on the surface insulation properties of epoxy insulators were studied. It is found that the flashover voltage and surface charge dissipation rate of the coating sample can be improved by both coating treatment and fluorination treatment, thus improving the surface insulation performance of epoxy insulators. The modification process and test results have guiding significance for improving the surface insulation performance of epoxy insulators.
Behaviour and Reasoning Description Language (BRDL)
Authors: Cerone Antonio 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In this paper we present a basic language for describing human behaviour and reasoning and present the cognitive architecture underlying the semantics of the language. The language is illustrated through a number of examples showing its ability to model human reasoning, problem solving, deliberate behaviour and automatic behaviour. We expect that the simple notation and its intuitive semantics may address the needs of practitioners from non matematical backgrounds, in particular psychologists, linguists and other social scientists. The language usage is twofold, aiming at the formal modelling and analysis of interactive systems and the comparison and validation of alternative models of memory and cognition.
An Immersive Virtual Reality Exergame for People with Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Chen Weiqin , Bang Martin , Krivonos Daria , Schimek Hanna , Naval Arnau 
Published: September 2020

AbstractParkinson’s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder that affects primarily motor system. Physical exercise is considered important for people with Parkinson’s disease (PD) to slow down disease progression and maintain abilities and quality of life. However, people with PD often experience barriers to exercises that causes low-level adherence to exercise plans and programs. Virtual Reality (VR) is an innovative and promising technology for motor and cognitive rehabilitation. Immersive VR exergames have potential advantages by allowing for individualized skill practice in a motivating interactive environment without distractions from outside events. This paper presents an immersive virtual reality (VR) exergame aiming at motor training on fingers and hand-and-eye coordination. The results from the usability study indicate that immersive VR exergames have potential to provide motivating and engaging physical exercise for people with PD. Through this research, we hope to contribute to evidence-based design principles for task-specific immersive VR exergames for patients with Parkinson’s Disease.
AUDiaL: A Natural Language Interface to Make Statistical Charts Accessible to Blind Persons
Authors: Murillo-Morales Tomas , Miesenberger Klaus 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis paper discusses the design and evaluation of AUDiaL (Accessible Universal Diagrams through Language). AUDiaL is a web-based, accessible natural language interface (NLI) prototype that allows blind persons to access statistical charts, such as bar and line charts, by means of free-formed analytical and navigational queries expressed in natural language. Initial evaluation shows that NLIs are an innovative, promising approach to accessibility of knowledge representation graphics, since, as opposed to traditional approaches, they do not require of additional software/hardware nor user training while allowing users to carry out most tasks commonly supported by data visualization techniques in an efficient, natural manner.
Accessible Multimodal Tool Support for Brainstorming Meetings
Authors: Koutny Reinhard , Günther Sebastian , Dhingra Naina , Kunz Andreas , Miesenberger Klaus , Mühlhäuser Max 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn recent years, assistive technology and digital accessibility for blind and visually impaired people (BVIP) has been significantly improved. Yet, group discussions, especially in a business context, are still challenging as non-verbal communication (NVC) is often depicted on digital whiteboards, including deictic gestures paired with visual artifacts. However, as NVC heavily relies on the visual perception, whichrepresents a large amount of detail, an adaptive approach is required that identifies the most relevant information for BVIP. Additionally, visual artifacts usually rely on spatial properties such as position, orientation, and dimensions to convey essential information such as hierarchy, cohesion, and importance that is often not accessible to the BVIP. In this paper, we investigate the requirements of BVIP during brainstorming sessions and, based on our findings, provide an accessible multimodal tool that uses non-verbal and spatial cues as an additional layer of information. Further, we contribute by presenting a set of input and output modalities that encode and decode information with respect to the individual demands of BVIP and the requirements of different use cases.
Survey of Rehabilitation Clinicians in the United States: Barriers and Critical Use-Cases for mRehab Adoption
Authors: Morris John , Thompson Nicole , Wallace Tracey , Jones Mike , DeRuyter Frank 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis paper presents data and analysis from survey research conducted by the Rehabilitation Engineering Research Center on Information and Communications Technology Access for Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Access for Community Living, Health and Function (LiveWell RERC) on the perceptions and attitudes of clinical professionals in rehabilitation medicine regarding mobile health (mHealth) and mobile rehabilitation (mRehab) practices, techniques and technology in the United States. The analytical focus of this paper is on two key survey questions related to specific barriers and opportunities (most critical use-cases) for adopting mHealth/mRehab interventions. We present response data to these two questions segmented by clinical specialty – physical, occupational, speech and recreation therapy – to identify possible variation between and among these rehabilitation professions. This analysis provides a detailed map of the terrain of clinician expectations and experiences for the adoption and implementation of mHealth/mRehab interventions in the United States, and possibly other countries. Results show substantial support for mRehab interventions and technologies across all four clinical specialties. The most frequently identified barriers to effective use of mobile and internet technologies to support patients remotely focused on patients (ability to learn and use the technology, and internet access), not clinicians. The was more variability among clinical specializations regarding best use-cases. Tracking patient adherence to prescribed activities and supporting patients in the home and community were the most frequently cited best use cases across the whole sample.
Enabling Real-Time 3D Display of Lifelike Fingerspelling in a Web App
Authors: Montgomery Jami , McDonald John , Gong Eric , Baowidan Souad , Wolfe Rosalee 
Published: September 2020

AbstractFingerspelling receptive skills remain among the most difficult aspects of sign language for hearing people to learn due to the lack of access to practice tools that reproduce the natural motion of human signing. This problem has been exacerbated in recent years by the move from desktop to mobile technologies which has rendered prior software platforms less accessible to general users. This paper explores a web-enabled 3D rendering architecture that enables real-time fingerspelling on a human avatar that can address these issues. In addition it is capable of producing more realistic motion than prior efforts that were video-based and provides greater interactivity and customization that will support further enhancements to self-practice tools for fingerspelling reception.
Automatic Assistance to Cognitive Disabled Web Users via Reinforcement Learning on the Browser
Authors: Murillo-Morales Tomas , Heumader Peter , Miesenberger Klaus 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis paper introduces a proof of concept software reasoner that aims to detect whether an individual user is in need of cognitive assistance during a typical Web browsing session. The implemented reasoner is part of the Easy Reading browser extension for Firefox. It aims to infer the user’s current cognitive state by collecting and analyzing user’s physiological data in real time, such as eye tracking, heart beat rate and variability, and blink rate. In addition, when the reasoner determines that the user is in need of help it automatically triggers a support tool appropriate for the individual user and Web content being consumed. By framing the problem as a Markov Decision Process, typical policy control methods found in the Reinforcement Learning literature, such as Q-learning, can be employed to tackle the learning problem.
On flux vacua and modularity
Authors: Schimmrigk Rolf 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Geometric modularity has recently been conjectured to be a characteristic feature of flux vacua with W = 0. This paper provides support for the conjecture by computing motivic modular forms in a direct way for several string compactifications for which such vacua are known to exist. The analysis of some Calabi-Yau manifolds which do not admit supersymmetric flux vacua shows that the reverse of the conjecture does not hold.