bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pre-pregnancy Obesity and the Risk of Peripartum Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Cho Seo-Ho , Leonard Stephanie A. , Lyndon Audrey , Main Elliott K. , Abrams Barbara , Hameed Afshan B. , Carmichael Suzan L. 
Published: June 2020

Objective The aim of this study is to evaluate the contribution of pre-pregnancy obesity and overweight to peripartum cardiomyopathy.Study Design This population-based study used linked birth record and maternal hospital discharge data from live births in California during 2007 to 2012 (n = 2,548,380). All women who had a diagnosis of peripartum cardiomyopathy during the childbirth hospitalization or who were diagnosed with peripartum cardiomyopathy during a postpartum hospital readmission within 5 months of birth were identified as cases. Pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI, kg/m2) was classified as normal weight (18.5–24.9), overweight (25.0–29.9), obesity class 1 (30.0–34.9), obesity class 2 (35.0–39.9), and obesity class 3 (≥40). Because of small numbers, we excluded women with underweight BMI, and in some analyses, we combined obesity classes into one group. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) expressing associations between BMI and peripartum cardiomyopathy, adjusted for maternal age, race/ethnicity, education, health care payer, parity, plurality, and comorbidities.Results The overall prevalence of peripartum cardiomyopathy during hospital admissions was 1.3 per 10,000 live births (n = 320). Unadjusted ORs were 1.32 (95% CI: 1.01–1.74) for women with overweight BMI and 2.03 (95% CI: 1.57–2.62) for women with obesity, compared with women with normal pre-pregnancy BMI. Adjusted ORs were 1.26 (95% CI: 0.95–1.66) for overweight women and 1.38 (95% CI: 1.04–1.84) for women with obesity. The ORs suggested a dose–response relationship with increasing levels of obesity, but the 95% CIs for the specific classes of obesity included 1.00.Conclusion Pre-pregnancy obesity was associated with an increased risk of peripartum cardiomyopathy. These findings underscore the importance of BMI during pregnancy. There is a need to recognize the increased risk of peripartum cardiomyopathy in women with high BMI, especially in the late postpartum period.Key Points
Pain after External and Endonasal Septorhinoplasty—A Propensity Score Matching Analysis
Authors: Gostian Magdalena , Loeser Johannes , Heindl Ludwig , Gostian Antoniu Oreste 
Published: June 2020

AbstractGuidelines for pain management following septorhinoplasty are lacking, leading to a wide range of therapy regimes even including opioid medication. Thus, the presented study strived to investigate and compare postoperative pain intensities after external and endonasal septorhinoplasty and evaluate whether pain perception is potentially related to patient satisfaction with the aesthetic result. In addition, the effectiveness of an escalating pain treatment protocol was evaluated sparing the necessity of opioid medication. This retrospective study performed at a tertiary referral medical center includes two well-balanced groups of 54 patients each created by propensity score matching out of a total of 161 patients following external or endonasal functional septorhinoplasty performed by a single surgeon between October 1, 2011 and March 31, 2017. Pain intensity was assessed using the visual analogue scale (0–10) on the first three postoperative days (PODs) alongside with the evaluation of the analgesic score. Patients' self-reported outcome was measured with the Utrecht questionnaire, preoperatively, and 3 and 12 months, postoperatively. Postoperative mean pain sensations were similarly high following the external and endonasal approach (F
(2;190) = 2.166, p = 0.118) followed by a linear decrease over the first three PODs (F
(2;190) = 16.84, p < 0.001). Pain sensations were not related to the duration of surgery, gender, patients' age, revision surgery, and the preoperative and postoperative assessment of the nasal appearance. The consumption of metamizole (F
(1,76;172,15) = 2.83, p = 0.065) and ibuprofen (F
(2;196) = 1.037, p = 0.356) were similarly high regardless of the surgical approach. Accordingly, both the endonasal and the external approaches led to comparable postoperative pain intensities and analgesic scores. Pain was treated effectively using a standardized escalating pain treatment protocol sparing the administration of opioids. Pain was not related to patient satisfaction with the nasal appearance pre- and postsurgery.
A Safe Interval between Preoperative Intra-articular Corticosteroid Injections and Subsequent Knee Arthroscopy
Authors: Lee Wonyong , Bhattacharjee Sarah , Lee Michael J. , Ho Sherwin W. , Athiviraham Aravind , Shi Lewis L. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to evaluate the influence of intra-articular corticosteroid injections prior to knee arthroscopy on the rate of postoperative infection and define a safe timing interval between intra-articular corticosteroid injections and subsequent knee arthroscopy. The PearlDiver Database was used to identify patients who underwent a knee arthroscopy from 2007 to 2017. Patients were sorted into an injection cohort if they received any intra-articular corticosteroid injections within 6 months before surgery and a control cohort if they received no such injections. The injection cohort was then stratified into subgroups based on the timing of the most recent injection. We identified two types of postoperative infection in the 6 months following surgery: a broad definition of infection using knee infection diagnoses, and a narrow definition of infection requiring surgical treatment. The effects of the timing of preoperative corticosteroid injections on the rates of postoperative infection were investigated. The rate of broadly defined postoperative infection was significantly higher in the 0 to 2 weeks injection group (6.90%, 20/290) than the control group (2.01%, 1,449/72,089, p < 0.001; odds ratio [OR]:3.61 [95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.29, 5.70]). We observed a significant difference regarding the rate of narrowly defined postoperative infection requiring surgical treatment between the 0 and 2 weeks injection group (1.38%, 4/290) and the control group (0.27%, 192/72,089, p < 0.001, OR:5.24 [95% CI: 1.94, 14.21]). No significant differences were observed between other subgroups and the control group in both types of postoperative infection. Intra-articular corticosteroid injections within 2 weeks of knee arthroscopy were statistically significantly associated with higher rates of postoperative infection. This is a Level III, retrospective comparative study.
Unruly bodies: resistance, (in)action and hysteresis in a public health intervention
Authors: Hanckel Benjamin , Milton Sarah , Green Judith 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSchools have long been sites of public health intervention on the bodies of children. Increasingly, these interventions also act on the bodies of educators. Our case study is an intervention focused on the future health of children’s bodies (‘The Daily Mile’), which, we argue, also resulted in the surveillance of educators’ bodies. We draw on Bourdieu’s concept of hysteresis to explore how those bodies can become ‘unruly’ during implementation, in both resisting and being positioned as reluctant. Hysteresis, an under-utilised Bourdieusian concept, proved useful for exploring embodiment at a point when there were mismatches between habitus and the changing field of primary education. We show how the non-participation of some actors (e.g. teachers) was positioned as part of a broader resistance to health as a dominant value, whereas non-participation of less-privileged social actors (e.g. Teaching Assistants) was problematised in different ways. We argue that attending to moments of hysteresis, in which the changing symbolic values of physical capital become explicit, surfaces not just how dominant discourses (e.g. healthism) become reproduced in fields, but also how they change and are resisted, and with what effects.
Exploring Policy Options in Regulating Rural–Urban Migration with a Bayesian Network: A Case Study in Kazakhstan
Authors: Dufhues Thomas , Buchenrieder Gertrud , Sun Zhanli 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDespite the benefits associated with the free movement of people, governments often try to regulate urban immigration by constraining the agency of potential rural out-migrants in moving to cities and/or in expanding their agency to enable them to stay put. We apply an institutional framework centring on push–pull and retain–repel factors to migration intentions of potential migrants in northern Kazakhstan. We model the effects of these factors on migration intentions with Bayesian Networks and expand the baseline model with three policy scenarios. The results suggest that the effects of policies constraining urban in-migration, e.g. limiting access to affordable housing, are attenuated by social networks and reverse remittances. The supply of accessible and appropriate information on possible income and true housing costs in urban areas presents a promising road to reduce intentions of rural out-migration. Better schools and decentralised tertiary education can also reduce the migration intentions of rural residents.
Inhibitors and fluorescent probes for protein kinase PKAcβ and its S54L mutant, identified in a patient with cortisol producing adenoma
Authors: Nonga Olivier Etebe , Enkvist Erki , Herberg Friedrich W , Uri Asko 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Recently, a mutation was discovered in the gene PRKACB encoding the catalytic subunit β of PKA (PKAcβ) from a patient with severe Cushing’s syndrome. This mutation, S54L, leads to a structural change in the glycine-rich loop of the protein. In the present study, an inhibitor with six-fold selectivity toward S54L-PKAcβ mutant over the wild-type enzyme was constructed. Moreover, we developed a fluorescent assay allowing to determine side by side the affinity of commercially available PKA inhibitors, newly synthesized compounds, and fluorescent probes toward PKAcβ and S54L-PKAcβ.
Final report of EURAMET.M.G-K3 regional comparison of absolute gravimeters
Authors: Falk R , Pálinkáš V , Wziontek H , Rülke A , Val'ko M , Ullrich Ch , Butta H , Kostelecký J , Bilker-Koivula M , Näränen J , Prato A , Mazzoleni F , Kirbaş C , Coşkun  , Camp M Van , Castelein S , Bernard J D , Lothhammer A , Schilling M , Timmen L , Iacovone D , Nettis G , Greco F , Messina A A , Reudink R , Petrini M , Dykowski P , Sękowski M , Janák J , Papčo J , Engfeldt A , Steffen H 
Published: June 2020

The regional key comparison of absolute gravimeters, EURAMET.M.G-K3 and the simultaneously organized additional comparison, was held in Germany at the Geodetic Observatory Wettzell of the German Federal Agency for Cartography and Geodesy in the spring of 2018.
Here we present the list of the participants who actually performed measurements during the comparison, the data submitted by the operators as well as the results of the determination of the gravity as a function of height at the comparison sites. The measurement strategy is briefly discussed and the results of the data harmonization is documented. Finally, the results of the constrained least squares adjustment are presented including the degrees of equivalence of each gravimeter and the key comparison reference values.

Main text

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Renormalisation with SU(1, 1) coherent states on the LQC Hilbert space
Authors: Bodendorfer Norbert , Wuhrer Dennis 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
We present an analytic computation of an explicit renormalisation group flow for cosmological states in loop quantum gravity. A key ingredient in our analysis are Perelomov coherent states for the Lie group SU(1, 1) whose representation spaces are embedded into the standard loop quantum cosmology (LQC) Hilbert space. The SU(1, 1) group structure enters our analysis by considering a classical set of phase space functions that generates the Lie algebra

s
u

(

1
,
1

)

. We implement this Poisson algebra as operators on the LQC Hilbert space in a non-anomalous way. This task requires a rather involved ordering choice, whose existence is one of the main results of the paper. As a consequence, we can transfer recently established results on coarse graining cosmological states from direct quantisations of the above Poisson algebra to the standard LQC Hilbert space and full theory embeddings thereof. We explicitly discuss how the

s
u

(

1
,
1

)

representation spaces used in this latter approach are embedded into the LQC Hilbert space and how the

s
u

(

1
,
1

)

representation label sets a lower cut-off for the loop quantum gravity spins (=U(1) representation labels in LQC). Our results provide an explicit example of a non-trivial renormalisation group flow with a scale set by the

s
u

(

1
,
1

)

representation label and interpreted as the minimally resolved geometric scale.
Path integral Monte Carlo method for the quantum anharmonic oscillator
Authors: Mittal Shikhar , Westbroek Marise J E , King Peter R , Vvedensky Dimitri D 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method is used to evaluate the imaginary-time path integral of a quantum oscillator with a potential that includes a quadratic term and a quartic term whose coupling is varied by several orders of magnitude. This path integral is discretized on a time lattice on which calculations for the energy and probability density of the ground state and energies of the first few excited states are carried out on lattices with decreasing spacing to estimate these quantities in the continuum limit. The variation of the quartic coupling constant produces corresponding variations in the optimum simulation parameters for the MCMC method and in the statistical uncertainty for a fixed number of paths used for measurement. The energies and probability densities are in excellent agreement with those obtained from numerical solutions of Schrödinger’s equation. The theoretical and computational framework presented here introduces undergraduates to the path integral formulations of quantum mechanics in real time and the partition function in statistical mechanics in imaginary time. The example of the anharmonic oscillator helps to build an intuition about the MCMC method of evaluating the partition function, which can then be used to solve other problems in physics and beyond.
Dissociation and ionization of HeH+ in sub-cycle-controlled intense two-color fields
Authors: Oppermann F , Wustelt P , Florin T , Mhatre S , Gräfe S , Paulus G G , Lein M 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Using quantum-mechanical, one-dimensional, non-Born–Oppenheimer simulations we study the control over the strong-field dynamics of the helium hydride molecular ion HeH+ due to interaction driven by short and strong two-color laser pulses. We calculate yields of two competing fragmentation channels: electron removal and dissociation. We find that by changing the relative phase of the two colors, we can select the dominating channel. Nuclear motion is decisive for explaining ionization in this target. Ionization yields are vastly underestimated when nuclear motion is excluded and they are substantially reduced in the heavier isotopologue HeD+. Coupling of the two lowest electronic states is crucial even for the ground-state dissociation process.
A heterogenous, time harmonic, nearly incompressible transverse isotropic finite element brain simulation platform for MR elastography
Authors: McGarry Matthew , Houten Elijah Van , Guertler Charlotte , Okamoto Ruth , Smith Daniel , Sowinski Damian , Johnson Curtis , Bayly Philip , Weaver John , Paulsen Keith 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In this study, we describe numerical implementation of a heterogenous, nearly incompressible, transverse isotropic (NITI) finite element (FE) model with key advantages for use in MR elastography of fibrous soft tissue. MR elastography (MRE) estimates heterogenous property distributions from MR-measured harmonic motion fields based on assumed mechanical models of tissue response. Current MRE property estimation methods usually assume isotropic properties, which cause inconsistencies arising from model-data mismatch when anisotropy is present. In this study, we use a NITI model parameterized by a base shear modulus, shear anisotropy, tensile anisotropy, and an isotropic bulk modulus, which describes the mechanical behavior of tissues with aligned fiber structures well. Property and fiber direction heterogeneity are implemented at the level of FE Gauss points, which allows high-resolution diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data to be incorporated easily into the model. The resulting code was validated against analytical solutions and a commercial FEM package, and is suitable for incorporation into nonlinear inversion MRE algorithms. Simulations of MRE in brain tissue with heterogeneous properties and anisotropic fiber tracts, which produced wavefields similar to experimental MRE, were generated from anatomical, DTI and MRE image data, allowing investigation of MRE inversion performance in a realistic setting where the ground truth and underlying mechanical behavior are known. Two established isotropic inversion algorithms—nonlinear inversion (NLI) and local direct inversion (LDI)—were applied to simulated MRE data. Both algorithms performed well in simple isotropic homogenous cases; however, heterogeneity cased substantial artifacts in LDI arising from violation of local homogeneity assumptions. NLI was able to recover accurate heterogenous displacement fields in the presence of measurement noise. Isotropic NLI inversion of simulated anisotropic data (generated using the NITI model) produced maps of isotropic mechanical properties with undesirable dependence on the wavefield. Local anisotropy also caused wavefield-dependent errors of 7% in nearby isotropic structures, compared to 10% in the anisotropic structures.
Nonlinear power dependence of the spectral properties of an optical parametric oscillator below threshold in the quantum regime
Authors: Shafiee Golnoush , Strekalov Dmitry V , Otterpohl Alexander , Sedlmeir Florian , Schunk Gerhard , Vogl Ulrich , Schwefel Harald G L , Leuchs Gerd , Marquardt Christoph 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Photon pairs and heralded single photons, obtained from cavity-assisted parametric down conversion (PDC), play an important role in quantum communications and technology. This motivated a thorough study of the spectral and temporal properties of parametric light, both above the optical parametric oscillator (OPO) threshold, where the semiclassical approach is justified, and deeply below it, where the linear cavity approximation is applicable. The pursuit of a higher two-photon emission rate leads into an interesting intermediate regime, between above OPO threshold and very low pump power, where the OPO still operates considerably below the threshold but the nonlinear cavity phenomena cannot be neglected anymore. Here, we investigate this intermediate regime and show that the spectral and temporal properties of the photon pairs, as well as their emission rate, may significantly differ from the widely accepted linear model. The observed phenomena include frequency pulling and broadening in the temporal correlation for the down-converted optical fields. These factors need to be taken into account when devising practical applications of the high-rate cavity-assisted spontaneous PDC sources.
Polarization-resolved analysis of high-order harmonic generation in monolayer MoS2
Authors: Liu Candong , Zheng Yinghui , Zeng Zhinan , Li Ruxin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
We employ a theoretical model based on the density-matrix equation in the velocity gauge to calculate high harmonic generation from monolayer MoS2. This approach incorporates the tight-binding model, enabling the full consideration of both crystal symmetry and multiple band effects. In additional to the usual odd harmonics, even harmonics are also presented in the case of observing two different polarization components, which are parallel and perpendicular to the polarization of linearly driving pulses. We detailedly analyze the crystal orientation dependence for the parallel and perpendicular components of both odd- and even-harmonics. It is found that they exhibits different modulation behavior with rotating the crystal orientation. The simulation results capture all important orientation-dependent features observed in the recent experiment, thus demonstrating that the Berry curvature of MoS2 has been appropriately considered in our proposed model. In order to facilitate analysis of the underlying mechanism, we examine the channel current in terms of the contribution from different density-matrix elements, and identify their role in the orientation modulation of high harmonics. We further use simplified one-dimensional integral model to explain the appearance of perpendicular components of even harmonics. Our analysis shows that the multi-band coupling effect is the origin of the parallel even harmonics, while the broken inversion symmetry of phase difference of momentum matrix elements along two orthogonal directions determines the perpendicular even harmonic generation. Additionally, the relationship between the concept of Berry curvature and our theoretical framework is discussed. These demonstrations show that polarization-resolved high harmonics might provide an all-optical way for imaging material’s Berry curvature.
Impact of Higgs portal on gravity-mediated production of superheavy dark matter
Authors: Chianese Marco , Fu Bowen , King Stephen F. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In the so-called Planckian Interacting Dark Matter (PIDM)
scenario, superheavy dark matter particles are produced after
inflation by gravity-mediated interactions through the freeze-in
mechanism. In the minimal PIDM model, the absence of any additional
direct coupling with Standard Model particles is assumed. However,
for scalar dark matter particles there is no symmetry that
suppresses the Higgs portal coupling. In this paper, we therefore
study the impact of a non-zero interaction with the Higgs field on
the PIDM paradigm for scalar dark matter. In particular, we fully
explore the model parameter space in order to identify the allowed
regions where the correct dark matter abundance is
achieved. Moreover, we provide the threshold value for the Higgs
portal coupling below which the corresponding production processes
are sub-dominant and the minimal PIDM scenario is preserved. For a
benchmark scalar dark matter mass of 1015 GeV, we find that the
Higgs portal coupling has to be smaller than 5.1 × 10-8
(1.1 × 10-7) for instantaneous (non-instantaneous)
reheating.