bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vielseitiges Gallaphosphen: Von einem Ga‐P‐Ga‐Heteroallylkation über CO2‐Speicherung hin zu C(sp3)‐H‐Bindungsaktivierung
Authors: Sharma Mahendra K. , Wölper Christoph , Haberhauer Gebhard , Schulz Stephan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractLGa(Cl)PCO (1) reagiert mit LGa zum Gallaphosphen L(Cl)GaPGaL (2; L=HC[C(Me)N(2,6‐i‐Pr2C6H3)]2). Die Reaktion von 2 mit [Na(OCP)(Dioxan)2.5] liefert LGa(OCP)PGaL (3), während Chloridabstraktion mit LiBArF4 zu [LGaPGaL][BArF4] (4; BArF4=B(C6F5)4) führt. Das Kation in 4 ist nach quantenchemischen Rechnungen ein heteronukleares Analogon des Allylkations. 2 reagiert reversibel mit CO2 zu L(Cl)GaP[μ‐C(O)O]2GaL (5) und mit Acetophenon und Aceton selektiv unter C(sp3)‐H‐Bindungsaktivierung zu den Verbindungen 6 und 7.
A cross‐sectional survey on occupational stress and associated dyslipidemia among medical staff in tertiary public hospitals in Wenzhou, China
Authors: Zhang Hui , Shao Meng‐Meng , Lin Xian‐Da , Cheng Li‐Jun , Ovlyakulov Begench , Chen Bo‐Bei , Chen Ke‐Yang 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIntroductionOccupational stress is considered to be a harmful physical and emotional response to an individual's psychological and/or physiological state in the work environment and is highly prevalent among medical staff. However, few epidemiological studies have investigated occupational stress in medical staff. Our study aims to explore the characteristics of occupational stress and its relationship with dyslipidemia in Chinese medical staff at tertiary hospitals and establish the basis for future preventive strategies.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted in three tertiary public hospitals in Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China. Data were collected using random sampling procedures to examine demographic characteristics and job‐related data. The participants completed the Occupational Stress Inventory—Revised (OSI‐R) questionnaires and serum lipids tests. Partial correlation analysis was conducted to explore the relationship between occupational stress and dyslipidemia.ResultsA total of 1,176 medical staff responses to questionnaires were obtained. The occupational stress levels of medical staff were higher than those of normative populations, while their coping resources were lower. Most of the subscales of occupational stress demonstrated higher results for doctors and males than for nurses and females with crude analyses. Each subscale of OSI‐R was found to be associated with a different type of blood lipid level.ConclusionsThe occupational stress level of medical staff in tertiary public hospitals in Wenzhou was high, and occupational stress may contribute to dyslipidemia. An investigation into occupational stress levels and their association with dyslipidemia in this population could draw more attention to medical staff in tertiary public hospitals.
Anti‐epithelial cell adhesion molecule RNA aptamer‐conjugated liposomal doxorubicin as an efficient targeted therapy in mice bearing colon carcinoma tumor model
Authors: Mashreghi Mohammad , Zamani Parvin , Karimi Maryam , Mehrabian Amin , Arabsalmani Mahdieh , Zarqi Javad , Moosavian Seyedeh Alia , Jaafari Mahmoud Reza 
Published: December 2020

AbstractTo overcome the lack of selectivity and nonspecific biodistribution of drugs in the body, targeted delivery of chemotherapeutic agents with aptamers is a very effective method. In this strategy, aptamers could be specifically identified and attach to targeted molecules on the cancerous cells and deliver the chemotherapeutic agents to desired tissue with minimal or no damage to the normal cells. In this study, we designed anti‐epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) RNA aptamer conjugated PEGylated liposomal doxorubicin (ER‐lip) to investigate its in vitro and in vivo anticancer abilities. Data showed that EpCAM aptamer was able to enhance cell uptake and cytotoxic effects of Dox in C26 cell line. The biodistribution study indicated that ER‐lip enhanced the tumor accumulation of Dox compared to Caelyx. Also, double staining of isolated tumor cells with anti‐CD44‐PE‐cy5 and anti‐EpCAM Cy‐7 antibodies indicated that tumor cells expressed a high level of EpCAM+ CD44+ cells (p ≤ .001) compared to cultured C26 cell line. in vivo results showed that ER‐lip promoted survival and reduced tumor growth rate in animal model compared to Caelyx. In conclusion, these results suggested that the ER‐lip could be served as promising formulation for the treatment of cancers with the high expression of EpCAM.
ISG15 protects human Tregs from interferon alpha‐induced contraction in a cell‐intrinsic fashion
Authors: Pacella Ilenia , Spinelli Francesca Romana , Severa Martina , Timperi Eleonora , Tucci Gloria , Zagaglioni Marta , Ceccarelli Fulvia , Rizzo Fabiana , Coccia Eliana M , Patel Roosheel S , Martin‐Fernandez Marta , Bogunovic Dusan , Conti Fabrizio , Barnaba Vincenzo , Piconese Silvia 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectivesType I interferons (IFNs) inhibit regulatory T‐cell (Treg) expansion and activation, making them beneficial in antiviral responses, but detrimental in autoimmune diseases. Herein, we investigate the role of ISG15 in human Tregs in the context of refractoriness to type I IFN stimulation.MethodsISG15 expression and Treg dynamics were analysed in vitro and ex vivo from patients with chronic hepatitis C, with lupus and ISG15 deficiency.ResultsISG15 is expressed at high levels in human Tregs, renders them refractory to the IFN‐STAT1 signal, and protects them from IFN‐driven contraction. In vitro, Tregs from healthy controls upregulate ISG15 upon activation to higher levels than conventional CD4 T cells, and ISG15‐silenced Tregs are more susceptible to IFNα‐induced contraction. In human ISG15 deficiency, patient Tregs display an elevated IFN signature relative to Tregs from healthy control. In vivo, in patients with chronic hepatitis C, 2 days after starting pegIFN/ribavirin therapy, a stronger ISG15 inducibility correlates with a milder Treg depletion. Ex vivo, in systemic lupus erythematosus patients, higher levels of ISG15 are associated to reduced STAT1 phosphorylation in response to IFNα, and also to increased frequencies of Tregs, characterising active disease.ConclusionOur results reveal a Treg‐intrinsic role of ISG15 in dictating their refractoriness to the IFN signal, thus preserving the Treg population under inflammatory conditions.
Effects of ultra‐high pressure on the morphological and physicochemical properties of lily starch
Authors: Zhang Dali , Xu Haishan , Jiang Bing , Wang Xinyu , Yang Lvzhu , Shan Yang , Ding Shenghua 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn this study, starch extracted from lily bulbs were modified using an ultra‐high pressure (UHP) treatment at six different pressure levels (100, 200, 300, 400, 500, and 600 MPa). The effects of UHP treatment on the physicochemical and morphological properties of lily starch were investigated. The morphological observation revealed that UHP treatment led to particle expansion and aggregation. Compared with the native and lily starch treated at 100–500 MPa, the lily starch treated at 600 MPa exhibited almost completely disrupted morphology and a larger particle size, indicating nearly complete gelatinization of the starch. The relative crystallinity of the UHP‐treated starch remarkably reduced. Gelatinization temperatures via differential scanning calorimetry decreased with increasing pressure. The rapid viscoanalyzer results revealed that the lily starch treated with UHP at 600 MPa showed low values of peak viscosity, trough viscosity, breakdown, final viscosity, and setback. These results indicated that UHP was an effective physical modification method for lily starch, UHP treatment (600 MPa, 30 min) caused nearly complete gelatinization of lily starch, and lily starch modified using UHP might expand the application of lily in the food field.
Fish protein intake is a novel dietary approach for managing diabetes‐associated complications in diabetic Wistar rat model
Authors: Muzaffar Humaira , Faisal Muhammad Naeem , Anwar Haseeb , Hussain Abid , Khan Junaid Ali , Muhammad Faqir , Aslam Bilal , Mahmood Aisha , Abdelsadik Ahmed , Aslam Jawad , Manzoor Muhammad Faisal , Ahmad Nazir , Karrar Emad 
Published: December 2020

AbstractDiabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder associated with short term as well as long‐term undesirable complications caused by persistent hyperglycemia. Recently, there has been emerging evidence that natural foods and their bioactive compounds are the key contributors to the treatment of diabetes and associated complications. This study was designed to explore the therapeutic efficacy of a fish protein‐rich diet for managing diabetes and associated complications in the diabetic Wistar rat model. A high‐protein (HP) diet (45% and 55% fish protein rich in ω3 fatty acids) was given to alloxan‐induced diabetic rats for 28 days. Blood samples were collected for monitoring serum glucose, oxidative stress markers, lipid profile, kidney function markers, serum proteins, and liver function markers. Results indicated that there was a noteworthy control (p < .05) of serum glucose, oxidative stress, and lipid profile in HP diet treated diabetic rats. Treatment with 45% and 55% fish diet appreciably improved the concentration of serum creatinine, urea, uric acid and exhibited a vibrant improvement in renal functions. Our results confirmed that the HP diet restored total protein and albumin concentration in blood. The HP diet treatment also restored the normal serum aspartate transaminase and alanine aminotransferase concentration.
Role of first‐trimester three‐dimensional (3D) power Doppler of placental blood flow and 3D placental volume in early prediction of pre‐eclampsia
Authors: Abdallah Ameer , Khairy Mohammed , Tawfik Mohamed , Mohamed Safaa , Abdel‐Rasheed Mazen , Salem Sondos , Khalifa Eissa 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the efficacy of first‐trimester three‐dimensional (3D) placental volume as well as 3D power Doppler of placental vascular indices for early prediction of pre‐eclampsia.MethodsThe prospective cohort study included over 2019 women with a singleton pregnancy in their first trimester at 11–13+ weeks of pregnancy. All women were examined by 3D abdominal ultrasound, including Doppler techniques for the placental volume and placental vascular indices. Uterine artery Doppler indices were also assessed. All participants were cared for until delivery for assessment of pregnancy outcomes.ResultsIn all, 163 women developed pre‐eclampsia while 1856 women remained normotensive. The women with pre‐eclampsia had significantly lower placental volume (77.09 ml vs. 99.8 ml, p < 0.001), and placental vascular indices (vascularization index, flow index, and vascularization flow index were 7.41 vs. 9.89, 39.03 vs. 46.63, and 2.77 vs. 4.4, respectively, p < 0.001). In contrast, women with pre‐eclampsia had significantly high mean uterine pulsatility index and resistance index (2.02 vs. 1.11, 0.83 vs. 0.64, respectively, p < 0.001) compared with the normotensive women. The placental vascular indices were highly sensitive, whereas the placental volume and the mean uterine pulsatility index and resistance index had higher specificity for the prediction of pre‐eclampsia.ConclusionFirst‐trimester assessment through 3D placental volume and power Doppler of placental vascular indices, especially in combination with uterine artery Doppler assessment, revealed an increase in the accuracy of early detection of women at risk for developing pre‐eclampsia.
LncRNA HEIH/miR‐939‐5p interplay modulates triple‐negative breast cancer progression through NOS2‐induced nitric oxide production
Authors: Nafea Heba , Youness Rana A. , Abou‐Aisha Khaled , Gad Mohamed Z. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis study aimed to unravel the regulatory role of noncoding RNAs (ncRNA) on the nitric oxide (NO) machinery system in triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients and to further assess the influence of NO‐modulating ncRNAs on TNBC progression, immunogenic profile, and the tumor microenvironment (TME). The results revealed miR‐939‐5p and lncRNA HEIH as novel ncRNAs modulating NO machinery in TNBC. MiR‐939‐5p, an underexpressed microRNA (miRNA) in BC patients, showed an inhibitory effect on NOS2 and NOS3 transcript levels on TNBC cells. In contrast, HEIH was found to be markedly upregulated in TNBC patients and showed a modulatory role on miR‐939‐5p/NOS2/NO axis. Functionally, miR‐939‐5p was characterized as a tumor suppressor miRNA while HEIH was categorized as a novel oncogenic lncRNA in TNBC. Finally, knocking down of HEIH resulted in improvement of immunogenic profile of TNBC cells through inducing MICA/B and suppressing the immune checkpoint inhibitor PDL1. In the same context, knockdown of HEIH resulted in the alleviation of the immune‐suppressive TME by repressing interleukin‐10 and tumor necrosis factor‐α levels. In conclusion, this study identifies miR‐939‐5p as a tumor suppressor miRNA while HEIH as an oncogenic lncRNA exhibiting its effect through miR‐939‐5p/NOS2/NO axis. Therefore, repressing BC hallmarks, improving TNBC immunogenic profile, and trimming TME.
CXCL6 fuels the growth and metastases of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells both in vitro and in vivo through upregulation of PD‐L1 via activation of STAT3 pathway
Authors: Zheng Shutao , Shen Tongxue , Liu Qing , Liu Tao , Tuerxun Aerziguli , Zhang Qiqi , Yang Lifei , Han Xiujuan , Lu Xiaomei 
Published: December 2020

AbstractCXCL6, contraction of C‐X‐C motif chemokine ligand 6, whose biological roles have been rarely described in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). To understand the clinicopathological and biological roles played by CXCL6 in the growth and metastasis of ESCC, immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of CXCL6 in ESCC tissues, totaling 105 cases; and the correlation was statistically analyzed between CXCL6 expression and clinicopathological parameters. The role mediated in migration and invasion was evaluated using wound‐healing and Transwell assays. MTT and flow cytometry were used to assay the proliferative variation. In vivo, tail vein injection model was established in nude mice xenografted with human ESCC cell lines whose CXCL6 were artificially manipulated. It was found that relative to normal control, CXCL6 was profoundly higher in ESCC; upregulated CXCL6 only significantly correlated with differentiation degree. In vitro, CXCL6 was found to promote the proliferation, migration, and invasion of ESCC cells; which was fully corroborated by nude mice experiment that CXCL6 can promote the growth and metastases of ESCC cells in vivo. Mechanistically, CXCL6 was discovered to be capable of promoting epithelial‐mesenchymal transition and upregulating PD‐L1 expression through activation of the STAT3 pathway. Collectively, all the data we showed here demonstrate that CXCL6 can enhance the growth and metastases of ESCC cells both in vivo and in vitro.
Solving one‐dimensional nonlinear stochasticSine‐Gordonequation with a new meshfree technique
Authors: Mirzaee Farshid , Rezaei Shadi , Samadyar Nasrin 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn the current work, we consider the nonlinear one‐dimensional stochastic Sine‐Gordon equation with appropriate initial and boundary conditions. The main goal of this work is presenting a numerical scheme based on radial basis functions (RBFs) and finite difference method to provide the approximate solution of mentioned equation. For approximating the solution, finite difference idea is used to overcome the time variable and then strictly positive definite RBFs such as Gaussian have been used to estimate the unknown function in time stepn. Finally, several examples are given to check the accuracy and efficiency of the provided solution.
Axonal mitochondria adjust in size depending on g‐ratio of surrounding myelin during homeostasis and advanced remyelination
Authors: Ineichen Benjamin V. , Zhu Keying , Carlström Karl E. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractDemyelinating pathology is common in many neurological diseases such as multiple sclerosis, stroke, and Alzheimer's disease and results in axonal energy deficiency, dysfunctional axonal propagation, and neurodegeneration. During myelin repair and also during myelin homeostasis, mutual regulative processes between axons and myelin sheaths are known to be essential. However, proficient tools are lacking to characterize axon‐myelin interdependence during (re)myelination. Thus, we herein investigated adaptions in myelin sheath g‐ratio as a proxy for myelin thickness and axon metabolic status during homeostasis and myelin repair, by using axonal mitochondrial size as a proxy for axonal metabolic status. We found that axons with thinner myelin sheaths had larger axonal mitochondria; this was true for across different central nervous system tracts as well as across species, including humans. The link between myelin sheath thickness and mitochondrial size was temporarily absent during demyelination but reestablished during advanced remyelination, as shown in two commonly used animal models of toxic demyelination. By further exploring this association in mice with either genetically induced mitochondrial or myelin dysfunction, we show that axonal mitochondrial size adjusts in response to the thickness of the myelin sheath but not vice versa. This pinpoints the relevance of mitochondrial adaptation upon myelin repair and might open a new therapeutic window for remyelinating therapies.
Classification of time series of temperature variations from climatically homogeneous regions based on long‐term persistence
Authors: Sarvan Darko , Tošić Milica , Borovinić Marko , Blesić Suzana 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe used detrended methods for scaling analysis (DFA2 and DMA) and wavelet transform spectral analysis (WTS) to characterize long‐term persistence (LTP) properties of temperature anomalies time series from observational stations from climatically and topologically homogeneous HadCRUT4 grid cells. We were interested to investigate the validity of the expectation that their LTP scaling properties remain preserved in the process of HadCRUT4 spatially interpolated and bias adjusted averaging, which was indeed the case in our selection. We additionally utilized the Hurst space analysis (HSA), a methodological solution that we recently developed, to classify climatic records from our dataset according to their LTP character and similarity of their WTS cyclical presentation. We were able to use HSA to observe four distinct patterns of climate dynamic behaviour according to the ‘preferred’ characteristic that those do not ‘belong to the ocean’. In this way, our results suggested that there probably exists a necessity to examine cycles in climate records as important elements of natural variability. To illustrate how the procedure developed in this article can be extended, we used HSA developed by the use of a dataset from climatically and topologically homogeneous regions to classified time series of teleconnection indices that may have influence on their regional climate. HSA can be further systematically utilized in this way, to link LTP properties of temperature anomalies with their possible spatially remote sources.
Indian monsoon variability during the last 46 kyr: isotopic records of planktic foraminifera from southwestern Bay of Bengal
Authors: Gautam P. K. , Narayana A. C. , Kumar P. Kiran , Bhavani P. G. , Yadava M. G. , Jull A. J. T. 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACTThe Indian monsoon carries large amounts of freshwater to the northern Indian Ocean and modulates the upper ocean structure in terms of upwelling and productivity. Freshwater‐induced stratification in the upper ocean of the Bay of Bengal is linked to the changes in the Indian monsoon. In this study, we test the usefulness of δ18O and δ13C variability records forGlobigerina bulloidesandOrbulina universato infer Indian monsoon variability from a sediment core retrieved from the southwestern Bay of Bengal encompassing the last 46 kyr record. Results show that the northeast monsoon was dominant during the Last Glacial Maximum. Remarkable signatures are observed in the δ18O and δ13C records during the Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 3 to MIS‐1. Our study suggests that Indian monsoon variability is controlled by a complex of factors such as solar insolation, North Atlantic climatic shifts, and coupled ocean–atmospheric variability during the last 46 kyr.
Effect of PPIs on symptomatic hypocalcemia after thyroidectomy: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Gerges Daniel , Grohmann Nathan , Trieu Vanessa , Brundage William , Sajisevi Mirabelle 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo determine differences in incidence and duration of postoperative symptomatic hypocalcemia between those taking and those not taking proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) at the time of total or completion thyroidectomy.MethodsA retrospective chart review of adult patients who underwent total or completion thyroidectomy at a tertiary medical center between January 2013 and January 2018 was performed. Development of symptomatic hypocalcemia, duration of symptoms, postoperative parathyroid hormone levels, PPI usage and emergency department (ED) visits were recorded.ResultsData from 371 patients were analyzed. Sixty of 371 (16.2%) patients developed symptomatic hypocalcemia. Sixteen of 89 (18.0%) patients on a PPI developed symptomatic hypocalcemia compared to 44 of 282 (15.6%) not on a PPI (P = .63). The overall average duration of symptoms was 4.3 days (SD [SD] 3.77 days). The average duration of symptoms in those on a PPI was 4.8 days (SD 2.8 days) compared to 4.2 days (SD 4.1 days) in those not on a PPI (P = 0.16). Six of 282 patients (2.1%) not taking a PPI had a postoperative ED visit, compared to two of the 89 patients (2.3%) taking a PPI (P = 1.00).ConclusionsThere was no clinically significant difference in incidence and duration of symptomatic hypocalcemia or ED visits after total or completion thyroidectomy between patients that were and were not taking PPIs perioperatively. While the decision to continue PPI should be made on an individual basis, these data suggest that patients may be counseled to continue their PPI perioperatively without increased risk of symptomatic hypocalcemia.Level of Evidence3.