bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cognitive strategy training for adults with neurological conditions: a systematic review and meta-analysis exploring effect on occupational performance
Authors: Swanton Ruth , Gustafsson Louise , Froude Elspeth , Hodson Tenelle , McInerney Michelle , Cahill Liana S , Lannin Natasha A 
Published: July 2020

Introduction The objective of this systematic review was to synthesise the evidence for cognitive strategy training to determine its effectiveness to improve performance of activities of daily living in an adult neurological population. Method Medline, CINAHL, EMBASE, PSYCInfo, PsycBITE and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were searched until August 2019. Studies examining the effect of cognitive strategy training on functional performance were included. Population criteria included adults with non-progressive neurological conditions. External and internal validity of included studies was systematically evaluated using an appropriate methodological quality assessment for each study design. A content analysis was conducted of the methodologies used. Findings Forty-one studies met the inclusion criteria and were appraised for content, 16 randomised or quasi-randomised trials were meta-analysed. Trial quality was generally ‘good’, Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale scores ranged from 3 to 8 (out of 10). For activity performance outcomes post-intervention, there was a significant benefit of cognitive strategy training over usual care (standardised mean difference 0.79, 95% confidence interval 0.49–1.09; P < 0.00001). Conclusion More high-quality research is needed to strengthen the evidence base for cognitive strategy interventions to improve activity performance outcomes for adults with non-progressive neurological conditions. Systematic review registration PROSPERO CRD42016033728
Initial Canadian Experience of Prostate Artery Embolization for Symptomatic Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Midterm Outcomes
Authors: Patel Neeral R. , Elterman Dean S. , Thulasidasan Narayanan , Altman Rachel , Tai Elizabeth , Zener Rebecca , Stella Steffan F. , Annamalai Ganesan , Mafeld Sebastian , Simons Martin E. 
Published: July 2020

Introduction: This study aimed to assess the midterm outcomes and safety of prostate artery embolization (PAE) for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Methods: A single-center, retrospective review of PAE performed for BPH was performed. Validated International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), quality of life (QoL) index, and International Index for Erectile Function (IIEF-5) questionnaires were completed at baseline and at least 12 months post-procedure. Prostate imaging was performed preprocedure as well as 3 months and 12 months post-procedure to assess prostate volume (PV). Uroflowmetry was also performed at baseline and 12 months post-procedure to assess urine flow rate (Qmax) and post-void residual (PVR) volume. Adverse events were graded according to Society of Interventional Radiology (SIR) guidelines. Results: Eighty male patients underwent the PAE procedure (mean age 69 years). Prostate volume decreased significantly from a mean volume 156 to 107 mL after 12 months post-procedure, commensurate with a mean reduction of 27.5% ( P < .05). Significant improvements were seen in IPSS (21.8 vs 10.5) and QoL (4.5 vs 2.0) from baseline to 12 months post-procedure ( P < .05). There was no significant change in IIEF-5 score. There was a significant reduction in PVR (202 vs 105 mL) and improvement in Qmax (5.9 vs 10.0 mL/s) between baseline and 12 months post-procedure ( P < .05). No major complications occurred; 4 minor complications occurred (SIR grade A or B). Conclusion: Prostate artery embolization achieved a clinically and statistically significant prostate volume reduction, symptom and QoL improvement, and enhanced uroflowmetry parameters in patients with BPH.
Pes Planus Deformity and Its Association With Hallux Valgus Recurrence Following Scarf Osteotomy
Authors: Heyes Gavin John , Vosoughi Amir R. , Weigelt Lizzy , Mason Lyndon , Molloy Andrew 
Published: July 2020

Background: Hallux valgus recurrence is an unsatisfactory complication, with many causes postulated. This study investigated the effect of pes planus on recurrence after scarf osteotomy. Methods: A total of 183 feet were retrospectively reviewed. All patients were treated with a scarf osteotomy and if required Akin osteotomy. We measured preoperative lateral talus first metatarsal angle (T1MA) to study pes planus; an angle of under −4 degrees was considered pes planus. We measured pre and postoperative hallux valgus angle (HVA), intermetatarsal angle (IMA), and sesamoid location. In total 164 feet were suitable for inclusion, with follow-up of at least 6 months (10 males and 154 females, mean age: 52 years). Results: Recurrence frequency (HVA greater than 15 degrees) was 27 feet (16%). Hallux valgus recurrence was not influenced by gender ( P value = .66) or preoperative IMA ( P value = .48). Preoperative HVA greater than 35 degrees was associated with increased frequency of recurrence ( P value = .004). Those with T1MA less than −10 degrees demonstrated progression in HVA and deterioration in sesamoid location up to 6 months postoperatively ( P value = .038). HVA did not progress beyond 6 months. The prevalence of recurrent hallux valgus with normal T1MA was 1%, in T1MA −4 to −10 degrees it was 29% and in T1MA less than −10 degrees it was 47% ( P value <.001). Breaks in T1MA less than −4 degrees were found at the naviculocuneiform joint in 68% of feet in this series. Conclusion: The prevalence of hallux valgus recurrence correlated with the severity of pes planus. Level of Evidence: Level III, retrospective cohort study.
Thromboelastography in cats with cholestatic liver disease
Authors: Kakar Neketa , Daniel Gideon , Fellman Claire , de Laforcade Armelle , Webster Cynthia RL 
Published: July 2020

Objectives While thromboelastography (TEG) has helped define a complex state of hemostasis in dogs and humans with hepatobiliary disease, it has not been explored in cats with cholestatic liver disease (CLD). The objective of this study was to describe TEG parameters in cats with CLD and to compare these parameters with conventional plasma-based coagulation tests, white blood cell (WBC) count and biochemical indicators of liver disease grade and severity. Methods Eighteen cats with CLD, defined by a serum bilirubin ⩾3 mg/dl and a greater than two-fold increase in serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and/or alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, were prospectively enrolled. All cats received vitamin K1 subcutaneously for 24–36 h prior to acquisition of blood for kaolin-activated TEG analysis, prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT). Patient total solids, packed cell volume, platelet count, WBC count, and serum liver enzymes and bilirubin were extracted from the medical record and correlated with coagulation test results. Results TEG global clot strength (TEG G) values defined 9/18 (50%), 5/18 (28%) and 4/18 (22%) cats as hypercoagulable, normocoagulable or hypocoagulable, respectively. TEG G was significantly negatively correlated with PT, aPTT and serum ALP activity and positively correlated with total solids. Five cats (5/18, 28%) were hyperfibrinolytic with clot lysis at 60 mins (LY 60) >15.3%. LY 60 was significantly positively correlated with PT. Conclusions and relevance By TEG analysis, cholestatic cats replete with vitamin K1 display a variety of coagulation profiles. Indications of synthetic failure (prolonged PT and aPTT) were associated with hypocoagulable and hyperfibrinolytic TEG parameters. High disease activity (serum ALP) was associated with a hypocoagulable state.
Efficacy and safety of adalimumab in Chinese patients with moderately to severely active Crohn’s disease: results from a randomized trial
Authors: Chen Baili , Gao Xiang , Zhong Jie , Ren Jianlin , Zhu Xuan , Liu Zhanju , Wu Kaichun , Kalabic Jasmina , Yu Zhuqing , Huang Bidan , Kwatra Nisha , Doan Thao , Robinson Anne M. , Chen Min-Hu 
Published: July 2020

Background and Aims: Efficacy of adalimumab in Crohn’s disease (CD) has not been shown in China. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of adalimumab in Chinese patients with CD. Methods: This 26-week, multicenter, phase III study evaluated patients with moderately to severely active CD and elevated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (⩾3 mg/l) who were naïve to anti–tumor necrosis factor therapy. Patients were randomized to double-blind adalimumab 160/80 mg at weeks 0/2 and 40 mg at weeks 4/6 or placebo at weeks 0/2 followed by blinded adalimumab 160/80 mg at weeks 4/6. At week 8, all patients received open-label 40 mg adalimumab every other week through week 26. The primary endpoint was clinical remission [CD activity index (CDAI) <150] at week 4. Clinical remission at week 26 was assessed in week-8 responders (decrease in CDAI ⩾70 points at week 8 from baseline) and compared with a clinically meaningful threshold of 30%. Adverse events (AEs) were recorded throughout the study. Results: At baseline, 205 patients were enrolled, with mean [standard deviation (SD)] age of 32.9 (9.9) years and CD duration of 2.7 (3.0) years. At week 4, 38/102 patients (37%) receiving adalimumab and 7/103 (7%) receiving placebo ( p < 0.001) achieved clinical remission. Among week-8 responders, 93/144 (65%) achieved clinical remission at week 26 ( p < 0.001). No unexpected AEs and no malignancies, active tuberculosis, or deaths were reported. Conclusions: Adalimumab induced and maintained remission in Chinese patients with CD. Safety results were consistent with the known safety profile of adalimumab. identifier: NCT02499783
Postacute Management of Older Adults Suffering an Osteoporotic Hip Fracture: A Consensus Statement From the International Geriatric Fracture Society
Authors: Reyes Bernardo J. , Mendelson Daniel A. , Mujahid Nadia , Mears Simon C. , Gleason Lauren , Mangione Kathleen K. , Nana Arvind , Mijares Maria , Ouslander Joseph G. 
Published: July 2020

Background: The majority of patients require postacute care (PAC) after a hip fracture. Despite its importance, there is no established consensus regarding the standards of care provided to hip fracture patients in PAC facilities. Methodology: A writing group was created by professionals from the International Geriatric Fracture Society (IGFS) with representation from other organizations. The focus of the statements included in this article is toward PAC providers located in nursing facilities. Contributions were integrated in a single document that underwent several reviews by each author and then underwent a final review by the lead and senior authors. After this process was completed, the document was appraised by reviewers from IGFS. Results/Conclusion: A total of 15 statements were crafted. These statements summarize the best available evidence and is intended to help PAC facilities managing older adults with hip fractures more efficiently, aiming toward overall better outcomes in the areas of function, quality of life, and with less complications that could interfere with their optimal recovery.
Comparative Efficacy and Tolerability of Nonsurgical Therapies for the Treatment of Midportion Achilles Tendinopathy: A Systematic Review With Network Meta-analysis
Authors: Rhim Hye Chang , Kim Min Seo , Choi Seungil , Tenforde Adam S. 
Published: July 2020

Background: Achilles tendinopathy (AT) is a common cause of overuse injury in both athletes and nonactive individuals, especially at older ages. Due to the limited number of direct comparisons among interventions, determining the best treatment option can be difficult. Purpose: To evaluate the comparative efficacy and tolerability of nonsurgical therapies for midportion AT. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 1. Methods: PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Google Scholar were searched from database inception through June 20, 2019. Randomized controlled trials investigating the effect of nonsurgical therapies for midportion AT using the Victorian Institute of Sports Assessment–Achilles (VISA-A) assessment were eligible for inclusion. Primary outcome was mean change in VISA-A score from baseline. Comparisons between interventions were made through use of random-effects network meta-analysis over the short term (≤3 months) and longer term (>3 to <12 months). A safety profile was defined for each intervention by rate of all-cause discontinuation (dropout) during follow-up. Relative ranking of therapies was assessed by the surface-under-the–cumulative ranking possibilities. Results: A total of 22 studies with 978 patients met the inclusion criteria. In short-term studies, high-volume injection with corticosteroid (HVI+C) along with eccentric exercise (ECC) significantly improved the change of VISA-A score compared with that of ECC alone (standardized mean difference [SMD], 1.08; 95% CI, 0.58-1.58). Compared with ECC, acupuncture showed benefits over both the short term (SMD, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.00-2.13) and longer term (SMD, 1.23; 95% CI, 0.69-1.76). In longer-term studies, the wait-and-see approach resulted in unfavorable outcomes compared with ECC (SMD, −1.51; 95% CI, −2.02 to −1.01). Improvement was higher when ECC was combined with HVI+C (SMD, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.05-1.02) and extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) (SMD, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.48-1.49). All interventions had a similar safety profile. Conclusion: From available high-level studies, HVI+C and ESWT may be possible interventions to add along with ECC to improve longer-term outcomes.
Sport-Related Concussion in Female Athletes: A Systematic Review
Authors: McGroarty Neil K. , Brown Symone M. , Mulcahey Mary K. 
Published: July 2020

Background: Female athletes are more susceptible to sport-related concussions (SRCs) and experience worse outcomes compared with male athletes. Although numerous studies on SRC have compared the outcomes of concussions in male and female athletes after injury, research pertaining to why female athletes have worse outcomes is limited. Purpose: To determine the factors that predispose female athletes to more severe concussions than their male counterparts. Study Design: Systematic review; Level or evidence, 3. Methods: A systematic review was performed according to PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Meta-Analyses) guidelines. The MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsychINFO, and Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched on July 5 to July 20, 2018. Included were cohort, case-control, and cross-sectional studies that examined the effects of concussive and subconcussive head impacts in only female athletes of all ages, regardless of competition level. These studies were further supplemented with epidemiologic studies. Exclusion criteria included narrative reviews, single case reports, abstracts and letters to the editor, and studies related to chronic traumatic brain injury. Results: A total of 25 studies met the inclusion criteria. Female athletes appear to sustain more severe concussions than male athletes, due in part to a lower biomechanical threshold tolerance for head impacts. Additionally, concussions may alter the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis, resulting in worse symptoms and amenorrhea. Although females are more likely to report concussions than males, underreporting still exists and may result in concussions going untreated. Conclusion: This systematic review demonstrates that female athletes may be more susceptible to concussion, have prolonged symptoms after a concussion, and are more likely to report a concussion than their male counterparts. However, underreporting still exists among female athletes. Possible factors that put female athletes at a higher risk for concussions include biomechanical differences and hormonal differences. To effectively prevent, diagnose, and treat concussions in female athletes, more research is required to determine when and how such injuries are sustained. Despite sex-based differences in the clinical incidence, reporting behavior, and outcomes of SRCs, female athletes remain an understudied population, resulting in lack of sex-specific treatment guidelines for female athletes postinjury.
Risk Factors for Post–Open-Globe Injury Endophthalmitis
Authors: Uppuluri Aditya , Zarbin Marco A. , Bhagat Neelakshi 
Published: July 2020

Purpose: The objective of our project is to use the National Inpatient Sample Database to identify risk factors for endophthalmitis in cases of open-globe injury (OGI). Methods: This is a cross-sectional observational study of 48 627 cases of OGI from the National Inpatient Sample Database. We performed regression analysis using IBM SPSS Statistics 23. Codes from the International Classification of Disease, Ninth Revision were used to identify ocular findings and conditions. Variables with P values less than .05 on univariate analysis were included in the multivariable regression model; Bonferroni correction was applied to these results. Results: Of the 48 627 cases of OGI, 37 440 (77.0%) occurred in the adult group (21 years and older). Overall, 1018 (2.1%) cases developed posttraumatic endophthalmitis, with 74.5% cases in the adult group. Endophthalmitis developed in 293 (4.5%) eyes with an intraocular foreign body (IOFB). Results of binary logistic regression showed the clinical findings of traumatic cataracts, hypopyon, vitreous inflammation, corneal ulcers, or IOFBs were associated with an increased risk of developing endophthalmitis after OGI. Conversely, orbital fractures, rupture-type injuries, and intraocular tissue prolapse were associated with a decreased likelihood of being diagnosed with endophthalmitis. Conclusions: Endophthalmitis developed in 2.4% of pediatric OGIs and 2.0% of adult OGIs. Traumatic cataract, hypopyon, vitreous inflammation, corneal ulcer, keratitis, retinal detachment, IOFB, and diabetes increased the risk of post-open-globe endophthalmitis.
Cereblon harnesses Myc-dependent bioenergetics and activity of CD8+ T lymphocytes
Authors: Hesterberg Rebecca S. , Beatty Matthew S. , Han Ying , Fernandez Mario R. , Akuffo Afua A. , Goodheart William E. , Yang Chunying , Chang Shiun , Colin Christelle M. , Alontaga Aileen Y. , McDaniel Jessica M. , Mailloux Adam W. , Billington Julia M. R. , Yue Lanzhu , Russell Shonagh , Gillies Robert J. , Yun Sang Y. , Ayaz Muhammad , Lawrence Nicholas J. , Lawrence Harshani R. , Yu Xue-Zhong , Fu Jianing , Darville Lancia N. , Koomen John M. , Ren Xiubao , Messina Jane , Jiang Kun , Garrett Timothy J. , Rajadhyaksha Anjali M. , Cleveland John L. , Epling-Burnette Pearlie K. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Immunomodulatory drugs, such as thalidomide and related compounds, potentiate T-cell effector functions. Cereblon (CRBN), a substrate receptor of the DDB1-cullin-RING E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, is the only molecular target for this drug class, where drug-induced, ubiquitin-dependent degradation of known “neosubstrates,” such as IKAROS, AIOLOS, and CK1α, accounts for their biological activity. Far less clear is whether these CRBN E3 ligase-modulating compounds disrupt the endogenous functions of CRBN. We report that CRBN functions in a feedback loop that harnesses antigen-specific CD8+ T-cell effector responses. Specifically, Crbn deficiency in murine CD8+ T cells augments their central metabolism manifested as elevated bioenergetics, with supraphysiological levels of polyamines, secondary to enhanced glucose and amino acid transport, and with increased expression of metabolic enzymes, including the polyamine biosynthetic enzyme ornithine decarboxylase. Treatment with CRBN-modulating compounds similarly augments central metabolism of human CD8+ T cells. Notably, the metabolic control of CD8+ T cells by modulating compounds or Crbn deficiency is linked to increased and sustained expression of the master metabolic regulator MYC. Finally, Crbn-deficient T cells have augmented antigen-specific cytolytic activity vs melanoma tumor cells, ex vivo and in vivo, and drive accelerated and highly aggressive graft-versus-host disease. Therefore, CRBN functions to harness the activation of CD8+ T cells, and this phenotype can be exploited by treatment with drugs.
Myositis-specific antibodies identify a distinct interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features phenotype
Authors: Graham Julia , Bauer Ventura Iazsmin , Newton Chad A. , Lee Cathryn , Boctor Noelle , Vu Pugashetti Janelle , Cutting Claire , Joerns Elena , Sandhu Habrinder , Chung Jonathan H. , Garcia Christine Kim , Kadoch Michael , Noth Imre , Adegunsoye Ayodeji , Strek Mary E. , Oldham Justin M. 
Published: July 2020

Interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features (IPAF) characterises individuals with interstitial lung disease (ILD) and features of connective tissue disease (CTD) who fail to satisfy CTD criteria. Inclusion of myositis-specific antibodies (MSAs) in the IPAF criteria has generated controversy, as these patients also meet proposed criteria for an antisynthetase syndrome. Whether MSAs and myositis-associated antibodies (MAA) identify phenotypically distinct IPAF subgroups remains unclear.A multicentre, retrospective investigation was conducted to assess clinical features and outcomes in patients meeting IPAF criteria stratified by the presence of MSAs and MAAs. IPAF subgroups were compared to cohorts of patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathy-ILD (IIM-ILD), idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and non-IIM CTD-ILDs. The primary end-point assessed was 3-year transplant-free survival.269 patients met IPAF criteria, including 35 (13%) with MSAs and 65 (24.2%) with MAAs. Survival was highest among patients with IPAF-MSA and closely approximated those with IIM-ILD. Survival did not differ between IPAF-MAA and IPAF without MSA/MAA cohorts. Usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) morphology was associated with differential outcome risk, with IPAF patients with non-UIP morphology approximating survival observed in non-IIM CTD-ILDs. MSAs, but not MAAs identified a unique IPAF phenotype characterised by clinical features and outcomes similar to IIM-ILD. UIP morphology was a strong predictor of outcome in others meeting IPAF criteria.Because IPAF is a research classification without clear treatment approach, these findings suggest that MSAs should be removed from the IPAF criteria and such patients should be managed as an IIM-ILD.
PyIR: a scalable wrapper for processing billions of immunoglobulin and T cell receptor sequences using IgBLAST
Authors: Soto Cinque , Finn Jessica A. , Willis Jordan R. , Day Samuel B. , Sinkovits Robert S. , Jones Taylor , Schmitz Samuel , Meiler Jens , Branchizio Andre , Crowe James E. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Recent advances in DNA sequencing technologies have enabled significant leaps in capacity to generate large volumes of DNA sequence data, which has spurred a rapid growth in the use of bioinformatics as a means of interrogating antibody variable gene repertoires. Common tools used for annotation of antibody sequences are often limited in functionality, modularity and usability.

Results
We have developed PyIR, a Python wrapper and library for IgBLAST, which offers a minimal setup CLI and API, FASTQ support, file chunking for large sequence files, JSON and Python dictionary output, and built-in sequence filtering.

Conclusions
PyIR offers improved processing speed over multithreaded IgBLAST (version 1.14) when spawning more than 16 processes on a single computer system. Its customizable filtering and data encapsulation allow it to be adapted to a wide range of computing environments. The API allows for IgBLAST to be used in customized bioinformatics workflows.