bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risco de depressão e ansiedade em gestantes na atenção primária
Authors: Farias Pessoa da Silva Gemima , Vitorino dos Santos Suzana , Araújo do Nascimento José William , Silva de Santana Francisca , Silva de Medeiros Josian , Brust de Jesus Suzane 
Published: December 2020

Objetivo: Identificar os riscos para depressão e ansiedade em gestantes de uma unidade de saúde da Atenção Primária. Métodos: Estudo descritivo exploratório de abordagem quantitativa realizado entre fevereiro a abril de 2020 em uma unidade de Saúde de Olinda-PE (Brasil); foi utilizado o instrumento validado "Cartão de Babel". A análise dos dados foi realizada pelo Statistical Package for Social Sciencies por meio do teste Qui-quadrado com correção de Yates (significância de 5% - pâ‰¤0,05). Resultados: 71 gestantes foram analisadas, dentre os quais 32,3% referiram já ter sofrido violência psicológica. Por meio do Cartão de Babel verificou-se que 49,3% das gestantes tinham alto risco para o desenvolvimento de transtorno de ansiedade (p-valor: 0,004) e 29,5% apresentou risco moderado para depressão (p-valor: 0,004). Conclusão: Iniciativas preventivas í ocorrência da depressão e ansiedade na gestação, como o monitoramento da saúde mental e o seu rastreio durante a consulta de pré-natal são necessários.
Vitamin D, infections and immunity
Authors: Misiorowski Waldemar 
Published: December 2020

Vitamin D (VD) is a steroid prohormone that regulates the body's calcium and phosphate levels in bone mineralization. It is also well described as a fat-soluble vitamin playing an important role in immunomodulation, regulation of cytokines, and cell proliferation. Thus, VD is a powerful hormone with pleiotropic effects, which acts to maintain optimal health. Recent studies demonstrate that VD deficiency is associated with the development of autoimmune disorders. Vitamin D generates many extraskeletal effects due to the vitamin D receptor (VDR) which is present in most tissues throughout the body. This paper reviews the recent data on the role of vitamin D in the genesis of various immunological disorders. The possible role of vitamin D in infections is implied from its impact on the innate and adaptive immune responses. A significant effect is the suppression of inflammatory processes. It inhibits immune reactions in general, but it enhances the transcription of "endogenous antibiotics" such as cathelicidin and defensins. VD inhibits the genesis of both Th1 – and Th2-cell mediated diseases. Th1 – dependent autoimmune diseases (e.g., multiple sclerosis, Type 1 diabetes, Crohn's disease, rheumatoid arthritis and so on) are also inhibited by VD due to inhibition of antigen presentation, reduced polarization of Th0 cells to Th1 cells and reduced production of cytokines from the latter cells. VD seems to also be a useful adjunct in the prevention of allograft rejection. Cardiac and coagulopathic features of COVID-19 disease deserve attention as they may be related to vitamin D. There are also intriguing potential links to vitamin D as a factor in the cytokine storm that consist some of the most serious consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection, such as the acute respiratory distress syndrome. Finally, the current clinical data strongly associate vitamin D with SARS-CoV-2 infection, however a putative clinical link that at this time must still be considered hypothetical.
The hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis dysfunction in men practicing competitive sports
Authors: Dudek Piotr , Kozakowski Jarosław , Zgliczyński Wojciech 
Published: December 2020

Regular physical activity is widely recommended for primary and secondary prevention of many diseases. Among others, it has been proven to reduce the risk of coronary heart disease, stroke, diabetes, hypertension, colorectal cancer, breast cancer and depression. In addition, physical activity plays an important role in regulating the body's energy balance, and therefore controls body weight. Physical inactivity was identified as the fourth leading risk factor for global mortality (6% of deaths worldwide) after factors such as elevated blood pressure (13%), smoking (9%) and high blood glucose (6%). The purpose of this article is to illustrate the physiological and pathological changes that occur in the hypothalamic-​-pituitary-gonadal axis (HPG) secondary to exercise and training. Relatively short and intensive exercise usually increases, while more prolonged exercise usually decreases serum testosterone concentrations. Reduced or low-normal circulating testosterone levels involve health consequences such as an increased risk of abnormal spermatogenesis, infertility problems, and compromised bone mineralization. In addition, the administration of prohibited substances, such as anabolic androgenic steroids, to competitive and non-competitive athletes is an important cause of iatrogenic andrological diseases.
Review of new requirements for smoke ventilation system for road tunnels in NFPA 502 published in 2020
Authors: Колчев Борис Борисович , Пехотиков Андрей Владимирович , Ильминский Игорь Иванович , Чернышов Павел Алексеевич , Фомина Оксана Владимировна 
Published: December 2020

Одним из нормативных документов, содержащих основные требования к системам противодымной вентиляции автодорожных тоннелей, является NFPA 502 «Standard for Road Tunnels, Bridges and Limited Access Highways». Стандарт обобщает накопленный опыт, полученный в результате экспериментальных исследований, проводимых как в США, так и за их пределами. В августе 2019 г. была опубликована его новая редакция (2020 Edition), в которой значительно изменился подход к определению требуемых параметров противодымной вентиляции, основанной на продольной схеме.
The article presents an analysis of the new edition of NFPA 502 “Standard for Road Tunnels, Bridges, and Limited Access Highways” regarding the method for determining the critical value of the longitudinal air flow velocity generated by smoke ventilation based on longitudinal scheme. The classification of road tunnels introduced by NFPA 502 is described, taking into account the occupancy of tunnels by vehicles during rush hour, as well as the length of the tunnel. The data concerning protection of tunnel by fire protection systems taking into account the introduced classification are presented. There are analysed the schemes of smoke ventilation, including longitudinal, semi-transverse and transverse, containing different number of concentrated and distributed smoke receiving and air intake devices introduced by NFPA 502. There is described the effect of trapping air from under the smoke layer, that is called as “Plugholing” effect in the standard. The data on heat release capacity from fire source are presented taking into account various types of burning vehicles, as well as the equipment of tunnel with automatic fire extinguishing systems. There is performed the comparison of results of the calculated determination of critical velocity, determined by the dependencies of NFPA 502 in 2017 and 2020 editions. The significant discrepancy in required values is found.
Staff Nurses’ Perception of the Hemodialysis Unit as Practice Environment and Patients’ Perception of Nurse Caring Behaviors and their Level of Satisfaction
Authors: Koon Jenel 
Published: December 2020

Background: Despite the concomitant rise of kidney diseases and hemodialysis services nationwide, the Philippines still lacks research on hemodialysis nursing care quality. Using nursing-sensitive indicators under the Nursing Role Effectiveness Model, this study aimed to describe hemodialysis nurses’ perception of their unit as practice environment; patients’ perception of nurse caring behaviors based on Jean Watson’s 10 Caritas Processes; patients’ level of satisfaction on nursing care; and determine the association between perceived nurse caring behaviors and satisfaction levels.
Methodology: This descriptive cross-sectional study purposely selected seven free-standing hemodialysis centers in Metro Manila. Ninety-four nurses were surveyed via complete enumeration using the Practice Environment Scale of Nursing Work Index (PES-NWI) while 345 randomly selected patients answered the Caring Factor Survey-Tagalog (CFS-T) and Patient Satisfaction of Nursing Care Quality Questionnaire-Tagalog (PSNCQQ-T). Pearson’s correlation was used to analyze the gathered data.
Results: The study revealed that nurses perceived their respective work unit as a favorable practice environment while hemodialysis patients perceived nurse caring behaviors as practiced to a great extent and their satisfaction with nursing care as very good. The study also revealed a significant positive correlation between the process and outcome indicators (r=0.64, p=<0.0001).
Conclusion: The study reflected positive nursing-sensitive indicators in hemodialysis. However, hemodi alysis facilities should improve nurse staffing, spiritual nurse caring behavior, and facilitate a more healing environment while maintaining their current favorable qualities.
Frequency and genotype distribution of high risk human papillomavirus in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Sultana Nuzhat , Shah Walayat , Iqbal Waheed , Pervez Shahid , Khan Ikramullah , Hanif Mohammad , Khan Imran 
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a dismal disease exhibiting striking geographical differences in its incidence. It is multifactorial in origin. Among infectious agents, human papillomavirus (HPV) was introduced as a possible causative agent in the development of ESCC in 1982. Subsequent studies using various methods have confirmed the presence of HPV in ESCC. We aimed to determine the frequency of HPV in ESCC in northwest Pakistan which is part of high risk belt for this disease.
Methodology: This study was conducted on two hundred and forty-three (243) diagnosed cases of ESSC at two tertiary care hospitals of Peshawar, Pakistan, from 2011 to 2016. DNA was extracted from all specimens. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to check the quality of DNA using β-globin primers and frequency and genotypes of HPV using HPV general primers and type-specific primers respectively. HPV and its genotypes were confirmed through the sequencing of a few selected cases.
Results: Two hundred and three (203) tissue specimens had adequate DNA and were further analyzed. HPV positivity with general primers alone was 15.7% (32/203). Using HPV general primers and type-specific primers (HPV 16 or HPV 18), the overall positivity of HPV was 31% (63/203). For type-specific primers, frequency of HPV types 16 and 18 was 20.19% (41) and 7.8% (16) respectively where 6 cases were positive for both HPV 16 and 18.
Conclusions: The overall high prevalence of HPV indicates it as a possible risk factor for ESSC.
Oral melatonin improves the detection of parasitemia in malaria
Authors: Kedarisetty Chandan Kumar , Samaga B Laksminarayana , Vidyasagar Sudha , Venkataraman Jayanthi 
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Malaria is a growing global threat and a major cause of mortality in the tropics. The gold standard diagnosis is peripheral blood smear examination. It has been demonstrated that melatonin acts as messenger molecule in malaria pathophysiology. This concept was used to evolve a clinical study wherein use of exogenous melatonin could improve the chance of detection of the parasite.
Methodology: In a prospective study, 80 consecutive patients seen in the Department of Medicine at Kasturba Hospital, Manipal, suspected to have malarial fever were enrolled with proper informed consent, and randomly assigned to the groups given oral melatonin 3mg (melatonin group, n = 40) or placebo (control group, n = 40). Blood samples were collected for peripheral smear examination at baseline and then at two, three, four and five hours after drug administration. The primary end point was the parasite detection index.
Results: Baseline characteristics of patients were comparable. In the melatonin group, there was a significant increase of 0.0943 ± 0.22 in the mean parasite index from 0.217 ± 0.42 pre-melatonin to 0.3114 ± 0.5 post-melatonin (p = 0.001), compared to a difference of 0.0025 ± 0.22 in mean parasite index before and after placebo in the control group (p = 0.95). The maximum rise in parasite detection was seen at five hours after melatonin.
Conclusions: In a single centre study, for the first time, it has been shown that a significantly higher proportion of patients was diagnosed with malaria on peripheral smear after oral melatonin administration, maximal at five hours after administration of melatonin.
Genetic diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis using 24-locus MIRU-VNTR typing and Spoligotyping in Upper Myanmar
Authors: Moe Sann Waing Waing , Namwat Wises , Faksri Kiatichai , Swe Thyn Lei , Swe Kyi Kyi , Thwin Thandar , Sangka Arunnee 
Published: December 2020

Introduction: MIRU-VNTR typing and Spoligotyping are the useful molecular tools for TB epidemiology study. Information regarding genetic diversity and tuberculosis (TB) transmission in Upper Myanmar only is scares.
Methodology: We determined the genetic diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and TB transmission from Upper Myanmar TB Reference Laboratory, Mandalay Region, including Mandalay (72), Shan (22), Magway (15), Sagaing (13), Nay Pyi Taw (8), Kachin (7), Chin (2) and Kayah (1). One hundred and forty Mtb isolates were genotyped using 24-locus MIRU-VNTR typing and spoligotyping. Lineage classification and TB transmission analysis were performed.
Results: 24-locus MIRU-VNTR typing identified 135 unique profiles and two clusters compared to 35 spoligotyping profiles which contained 12 clusters and 23 unique isolates, Beijing (n=100, 71.4%) was found to be prominent lineage by combine two methods. The expected proportion attributable to recent transmission based on clustering rate was 2.1%. One cluster case was more likely to be in MDR patient.
Conclusions: Our findings showed Beijing genotypes were dominant in Upper Myanmar. The usage and analysis of 24-locus MIRU-VNTR typing might prove useful for our broader understanding of TB outbreaks and epidemiology than spoligotyping. The genotypic pattern of this combined method suggests that the lower transmission rate may be due to a higher possibility of reactivation cases in Upper Myanmar.
COVID-19 : l’Afrique face à une crise mondiale
Authors: Eboko Fred , Schlimmer Sina 
Published: December 2020

La pandémie de COVID-19 a moins frappé l’Afrique que redouté. L’expérience des précédentes épidémies, la pyramide des âges, ont certes joué, tout comme la réactivité de tous les acteurs : États, sociétés civiles, organisations régionales... Les effets économiques et financiers de la pandémie n’en sont pas moins redoutables. L’aide internationale est nécessaire, mais l’expérience de la gestion de cette crise pourrait aider à redéfinir les relations entre États africains et acteurs extérieurs. politique étrangère
Les enjeux de la Conférence d’examen du Traité de non-prolifération
Authors: de Champchesnel Tiphaine 
Published: December 2020

Le Traité sur la non-prolifération des armes nucléaires (TNP) est entré en vigueur il y a un demi-siècle et a été prorogé de manière indéfinie voici 25 ans. C’est dans ce contexte de double anniversaire que devait se tenir la Conférence d’examen au printemps 2020. Reportée en raison de la crise sanitaire, elle devrait avoir lieu d’ici août 2021. Alors que de nombreux États contestent le TNP, l’hypothèse d’un nouvel échec des négociations – après celui de 2015 – paraît crédible. politique étrangère
Determinants of Financial Literacy: with Special Reference to Consumers in Financial Service Industry
Authors: Kumari D. A. T. 
Published: December 2020

The financial literacy is a key dimension which determines the demand of the financial services in the economy. However, most of the previous studies and financial decision makers believe financial literacy in different perspectives. Therefore, it is timely important to identify the main determinants of the financial literacy among potential customers in financial service industry. Accordingly, present study is mainly focused on identifying and verifying the key determinants of the financial literacy in the customer’s point of view in the financial service sector. The study adopted the positivism epistemology and quantitative approach. At the initial phase of the study, the extensive literature review was carried out with the purpose of identifying the determinants of financial literacy. In the second phase, a survey was conducted among 500 potential financial services customers representing nine provinces in Sri Lanka, with the assistance of a researcher administrated questionnaire. The sample was selected based on the multilevel mixed sampling method and the unit of analysis was the head of households in Sri Lanka. Furthermore, a partial least squares structural equation model (PLS-SEM) was employed as the principle data analysis approach, and Smart PLS 3 was employed as the main analytical software. Degree of financial literacy was tested based on 22 items identified by previous researchers and Principle Component Analysis was employed to determine the key factors of financial literacy. The reliability of scales was measured by Cronbach’s Alpha coefficients. The findings revealed that in general, all financial literacy dimensions have significant impact to determine the level of financial literacy. However, when it considers under separate dimensions, financial knowledge is the most significant determinant among the other determinants to determine the level of financial literacy. Therefore, researcher concluded that financial knowledge can be considered as a main determinant of financial literacy among potential customers of financial services in Sri Lanka. And the financial awareness is identified as the least significant determinant. Finally, the researcher provides some suggestions for marketing practitioners of financial service industry and government policy decision makers to develop financial literacy level by promoting financial knowledge for absorbing more consumers towards formal financial system and products of financial services.
Morphological and molecular characterisation of Streptomyces spp. which suppress pathogenic fungi
Authors: Goredema N. , Ndowora T. , Shoko R. , Ngadze E. 
Published: December 2020

Streptomyces species are aerobes and chemoorganotrophic bacteria. These microorganisms produce a wide range of industrially significant compounds, specifically antibiotics and anti fungal substances. The objective of this study was to characterise soil-borne Streptomyces isolates using morphological and molecular traits in order to identify them to species level, and leverage from their potential to suppress the growth of Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium oxysporum and Penicillium italicum. Twenty-seven soil-borne putative Streptomyces, which elicited comprehensive antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium oxysporum and Penicillium italicum, in a previous study, were evaluated. On the basis of morphology, the bacteria resembled the genus Streptomyces. Initially, colonies phenotypically appeared to have a relatively smooth surface but as growth progressed the bacteria developed a weft of aerial mycelium granular, powdery or velvety in appearance. Bacteria produced a wide variety of pigments which in turn were responsible for the colour of the vegetative and aerial mycelia, colour ranged from white to cream or buff shades and yellow to orange or brown. Microscopic analyses and morphological characteristics generated sub-groups of the isolates and clustered them according to their similarities. One bacterial strain was randomly selected from each cluster and investigated using molecular characteristics. Partial 16S rDNAs from the selected representative isolates from each subgroup, were sequenced and phylogenetic analysis performed. The 16S rDNA sequences of the isolates indicated that they were related to Streptomyces species: S. bungoensis, S. thermocarboxydus, S. corchorusii and S. lasaliensis, that are known secondary metabolite producers possessing antimicrobial activity against plant pathogens.
On the New Double Binomial Sequence Space
Authors: DEMİRİZ Serkan , ERDEM Sezer 
Published: December 2020

The aim of this paper is to present the new double Binomial sequence space $\mathcal{B}_{p}^{r,s}$ which consists of all sequences whose double Binomial transforms of orders $r,s$ ($r$ and $s$ are nonzero real numbers with $r+s \neq 0$) are in the space $\mathcal{L}_p$, where $0&lt;p&lt;\infty$. We examine its topological and algebraic properties and inclusion relations. Furthermore, the $\alpha-$, $\beta(bp)-$ and $\gamma-$duals of the space $\mathcal{B}_{p}^{r,s}$ are determined and finally, some 4-dimensional matrix mapping classes related to this space are characterized.
ANALISIS KESANTUNAN BERBAHASA DALAM DIALOG KOMUNIKASI TERAPEUTIK ANTARA BIDAN DENGAN IBU HAMIL
Authors: Simanjuntak Herlina Lindaria 
Published: December 2020

<p><br />ABSTRAK<br /> <br />Penelitian ini membahas tentang kesantunan berbahasa dalam dialog komunikasi terapeutik antara bidan dengan ibu<br />hamil di klinik praktek kebidanan di daerah Depok. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui penaatan dan<br />pelanggaran prinsip kesantunan Leech dalam komunikasi terapeutik antara bidan dan ibu hamil di klinik praktek<br />kebidanan pada Klinik Bidan Emmy, yang terletak di Jalan Kemakmuran, Mekarjaya, Kecamatan Sukmajaya, Depok.<br />Sumber data dari penelitian ini adalah dialog komunikasi terapeutik antara bidan dan ibu hamil yang dikumpulkan<br />melalui teknik rekam catat. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan<br />menggunakan metode deskriptif. Kesantunan berbahasa yang diteliti dalam penelitian ini adalah yang mengandung<br />prinsip sopan santun teori Leech, prinsip sopan santun itu meliputi enam maksim yaitu (1) maksim kebijaksanaan (2)<br />maksim kedermawanan, (3) maksim penghargaan, (4) maksim kesederhanaan, (5) maksim pemukatan, dan yang<br />terakhir maksim simpati. Hasil penelitian ini, yakni terdapat tuturan, baik yang memenuhi maupun yang melanggar<br />prinsip kesantunan Leech. Tuturan yang memenuhi prinsip Leech lebih banyak bila dibandingkan dengan tuturan yang<br />melanggar prinsip kesantunan Leech.</p><p>Kata Kunci: kesantunan, komunikasi terapeutik, bidan, ibu hamil</p><p>ABSTRACT<br />This study discusses language politeness in therapeutic communication dialogue between midwives and pregnant <br />women in midwifery practice clinics in Depok area. The purpose of this study was to determine the compliance and<br />violation of the Leech politeness principle in therapeutic communication between midwives and pregnant women at<br />the midwifery practice clinic at the Emmy Midwife Clinic, which is located on Jalan Kemakmuran, Mekarjaya,<br />Sukmajaya District, Depok. The data source of this study is a dialogue of therapeutic communication between <br />midwives and pregnant women which is collected through a record technique. The method used in this research is <br />qualitative research using descriptive methods. Language politeness studied in this study contained the principles of<br />the Leech theory of courtesy, the principles of courtesy include six maxims, namely (1) maxim of wisdom (2) maxim<br />of generosity, (3) maxim of appreciation, (4) maxim of simplicity, (5) maxim of trawling, and the last maxim of<br />sympathy. The result of this research is that there are utterances, both those that fulfill and those that violate the<br />principles of Leech politeness. There are more speeches that fulfill the Leech principles than those that violate the<br />Leech's principle of politeness.</p><p>Keywords: politeness, therapeutic communication, midwives, pregnant women</p><p> </p>