bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quality of life of people with non communicable diseases
Authors: Rose Anju , N. Shashidhara Y. ,   Manjula
Published: April 2020

AbstractHypertension, Diabetes mellitus or both and asthma are very common chronic diseases among Indian rural population which needs continuous monitoring and treatment. Knowledge on disease management, lifestyle, and health care facilities are available which will have direct impact on their Quality of Life.
Purpose: Purpose of the study was to identify the quality of life of people living with non-communicable diseases. The study will be helpful to provide need based care and to develop strategies to improve quality of life of community.
Methods: A descriptive survey to assess the quality of life of people with non-communicable diseases measured by using WHO QOL BREF scale through interview method. Purposive sampling technique was used to select 200 subjects from selected villages of Udupi District.
Result: showed that majority of subjects felt their quality of life was good [Median=4, IQR=3-4]. Majority of subjects [median=3, IQR=3-4] were neither satisfied nor dissatisfied towards their health. Compare to other domains psychological domain has Median=20, IQR=19-21 represents low quality of life. Overall quality of life of subjects with median=93 and IQR= 89- 98 represents good quality of life. Analysis based on diseases showed that people with diabetes mellitus had good quality of life as compared with people with other diseases. There was significant association between quality of life of subjects and age, education, occupation and marital status (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Study concluded that majority of the subjects were perceived their quality of life was good especially with those who have diagnosed as diabetes mellitus.
Randomised, single blinded, controlled, prospective study comparing ketamine, lignocaine and chlorhexidine gargle in prevention of post-operative sore throat
Authors: Shetty Sumalatha R. , Panaych Karan Pratap Singh , S. Raveendra U. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Postoperative sore throat is a common complaint in patients after extubation and can be distressing to the patients. Hence we aimed to compare efficacy of lignocaine, ketamine and chlorhexidine gargle for the control of postoperative sore throat.
Materials and Methods: After institutional ethical committee clearance, 100 patients were allotted into 4 groups of 25 each in this randomized, double blind, control study. The study solution for gargle in Group L, Group C and Group K contained 50mg lignocaine, 30mg chlorhexidine and 50 mg ketamine in 30ml sterile water respectively while in Group W it was 30ml of sterile water. The study solution was given 5 minutes before induction and the patients were made to gargle it for 30 seconds. The post-operative sore throat (POST) grading was done at 0, 2, 6 and 24 hours after extubation.
Results: At 0 hour, there was a significant lower grades of POST in Group K as compared to Group W (p=0.011). At the 4 hour interval, the grades of POST were significantly lower in group K (p=0.001) and Group L (p<0.001) whencompared to Group C.At the 24 hour time interval, the grades of POST were lower in Group L (p=0.007) and Group K (p<0.001) when compared to Group C. At the same time interval, significantly lower grades of POST in Group W was seen compared to Group C (p=0.001). At the end of all time intervals there was no statistical significant difference in the severity of POST in Group L and Group K. There were no significant haemodynamic changes in any of the groups.
Conclusion: Ketamine and Lignocaine gargles are effective in the reduction of postoperative sore throat without any changes in haemodynamics.
Comparative study on the antimicrobial activity of partitioned fractions of the stem-bark of ceiba pentandra (bombacaceae)
Authors: S. Njinga N. , I. Sule M. , U. Pateh U. , S. Hassan H. , N. Ache R. , T. Abdullahi S. , A. Danja B. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractDue to the emergence of more and more drug resistance bacteria and the reported antibacterial activity of Ceiba pentandra, the antimicrobial activity of the partitioned ethyl-acetate and n-butanol fractions of the stem-bark of this plant were carried out on the following clinical isolates: Staphylococcus aureus; Streptococcus pyrogenes; corynebacterium ulcereans; Escherichia coli; Salmonella typhi; Shigella dysenterea; Enterococcus aerogenes; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; klebsiella pneumonia and the fungi Trichophytom rubrum, Microsporum sp., Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus niger. Agar diffusion and broth delusion methods were used in this study. The ethyl acetate fraction showed wide spectrum antibacteria activity (with zones of inhibition between 27mm and 37mm) while the n-butanol extract showed activity only against the gram negative bacteria (zones of inhibition between 20mm and 21mm). The MIC ranged from 0.65 to 2.5 mg/ml and 2.5 to 5 mg/ml and MBC ranged from 2.5 mg/ml and 5 – 10 mg/ml for the ethylacetate and n-butanol respectively. Both fractions showed no activity against the fungi used in this study. The preliminary phytochemistry of the ethyl acetate showed the presence of only flavonoid and this may explain the activity against all the bacteria. The n-butanol showed the presence of carbohydrates, saponins, tannins and cardiac glycoside and the absence of flavonoid and alkaloids. This study justifies the use of this plant in herbal medicine.
Knowledge and Attitude on Care of Child during Common Childhood Illnesses among the Koraga Tribes
Authors: E. Binu Margaret , Shetty Sheela ,   Shrisha
Published: April 2020

AbstractIntroduction: Every society follows different practices and beliefs in different traditional aspects related to health care. Majority of Indians have taken pleasure in using traditional beliefs and practices. There are limited numbers of studies related to knowledge and attitude towards care of the child during common childhood illnesses among Indian tribes.
Objective : The objectives of the study were to assess the knowledge and attitude of the Koraga tribes towards care of the child during common childhood illnesses and to find the relationship between knowledge and attitude of tribes during common childhood illnesses.
Materials and Methods: A descriptive survey and face to face interview was undertaken among 200 Koraga tribal care takers using structured questionnaires and an attitude scale. SPSS 16.0 software was used for data analysis. Frequency, Percentage and Pearson correlation co-efficient were used.
Result: The findings of the study showed that, majority 155 (77.5%) of tribal care takers had good knowledge and majority 158 (79%) had favorable attitude on care of the child during common childhood illnesses like common cold, diarrhea, fever, tooth ache, ear ache and febrile convulsion. It was also found there was significant positive correlation (p<0.001) between knowledge and attitude.
Conclusion: The study concluded that majority of Koraga tribal care takers have good knowledge and favourable attitude towards care of the child during common childhood illnesses.
Role of item analysis in post validation of multiple choice questions in formative assessment of medical students
Authors: K. Sajitha , Permi Harish S. , Rao Chandrika , L. Kishan Prasad H. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background:Multiple choice questions (MCQ) are used in the assessment of students in various fields. By this method of assessment it is possible to cover a wide range of topics in less amount of time. However the reliability of the test depends on the quality of the MCQ. The MCQ can be evaluated based on the Difficulty Index (DIFI), Discriminatory Index (Dl) and Distracter Efficiency (DE).
Objectives:To evaluate the MCQs based on the Difficulty Index (DIFI), Discriminatory Index (Dl) & Distracter Efficiency (DE) and develop a valid pool of questions.Also to assess learner performance and discriminate between students of higher and lower abilities.
Materials and Methods:A total of 120 students were assessed based on multiple choice questions in pathology. The number of items were 20 and the number of distracters were 60. Data was entered and analyzed in MS Excel 2007 and simple proportions, mean and standard deviations were calculated.
Results:Mean and standard deviations for DIFI, Dl and DE were 57.8 ± 17.4%, 0.27 ± 0.17 and 84.98 ± 20.2 % respectively. Out of the 20 items, 11 items had good level of DIFI (31 - 60%), eight (8) items were considered easy (DIFI &gt;61%) and one (1) item was considered difficult (DIFI &lt; 30). Mean Dl in present study was 0.27 ± 0.17. Analysis of the Dl showed good discrimination power in eighteen (18) of the items. Out of the 60 distracters, nine (9) were non -functional distracters (NFD) and were seen in eight items. Out of these, seven items had one NFD each and one item had two NFD.
Conclusions:The study emphasizes on the importance of use of item analysis in construction of good quality MCQs and also in the evaluation of learner performance.
Sight threatening to life threatening parainfectious optic neuritis
Authors: V. Sowmya , Kamath Vijna B. , Nazareth Nelly E. P. , Rodrigues F. E. A. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractOptic neuritis is uncommon in children and is often bilateral unlike that in adults. It is often associated with systemic diseases like mumps, measles, chicken pox, pertussis, viral encephalitis and also following immunization. We report a series of 3 consecutive paediatric cases of bilateral optic neuritis which presented to us over a period of 6 months and were followed up for 1 year. Two patients responded to steroids with a normal ophthalmic and MRI examination at the end of one year. One patient expired following development of Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis.
Catheter Ablation in the Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Hesselson Aaron B. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractCatheter ablation (CA) of the pulmonary veins for atrial fibrillation (AF) is growing exponentially and is the most commonly performed electrophysiologic procedure. Initial descriptions focused on CA for paroxysmal AF, and now more recently expanded in application to persistent AF and those with comorbid heart failure. Efforts to improve success have and continue to address issues such as pulmonary vein “reconnection” following ablation through different ablative energy modalities, and the use of a “hybrid” surgical/endocardial combined approach in persistent forms of AF. Technologic advances as well are concurrently seeking to improve safety, particularly regarding the incidence of atrio-esophageal fistula in this seemingly ever-growing ablation population.
Effectiveness of Exercises on Low Back Pain among Middle Aged Women at Puducherry
Authors: P. Sumathy 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Women in their 30's, 40's and 50's have a higher incidence of low back pain due to a combination of risk factors that typically appears in the middle age. Addressing these underlying causes can significantly reduce the incidence of back pain .The objectives of the study were to assess the level of low back pain among middle aged women and to determine the effectiveness of selected exercises on low back pain among middle aged women .
Materials and Methods: A quasi experimental research design was adopted. The data were collected using Demographic proforma and Mc Caffery pain scale. 40 subjects with low back pain were identified and exercises that consisted of abdominal strengthening, back strengthening and hip stretching exercises were taught and practiced by them daily for half an hour for a period of one month. Frequency, Percentage 't' tests & chi- square were used for analysis.
Results: The results showed a significant difference in pretest and post test pain levels at p<0.001 level.
Conclusion: The findings of the study implied that LBP is a common problem among middle aged women and doing exercises regularly would help to alleviate the pain.
Effect of Instructional Module on Drug Adherence in Terms of Attitude among Patients with Schizophrenia
Authors: Metilda S. Mary , S. Santh , Sapharina G. J. Sara 
Published: April 2020

AbstractQuasi experimental study was done with 40 samples using instructional module on drug adherence. The selection of the sample was done by non probability purposive sampling technique. The data were analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistical method. The findings of the study revealed that the instructional module helped the patients with Schizophrenia to develop a positive attitude towards drug adherence. The research hypothesis retained for this study also showed significant improvement in the level of attitude towards drug adherence.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) Of Spread of HIV Infection through Needle Stick Injury among Dental Paramedics
Authors: Hegde Nidarsh , Mistry Freddy Kersi , Samuel Soumi , Sharma S. M. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Aim: Study was conducted to know the knowledge of the paramedics working at Dental Institute, regarding spread of HIV infection through needle stick injury. Their current practice for the management of needle stick injury and their attitude for the same.
Materials and Method : 100 paramedical staff working in a Dental Institute were selected randomly to participate in the study. Each one of the participant were requested to fill a structured survey form prepared by the surveyor reflecting their knowledge, practice and attitude of spread of HIV infection through needle stick injury.
Results : The statistical analysis revealed the 92% of the paramedical staff knows what HIV infection is and that it can be spread through needle stick injury irrespective of their academic background. 42% of the paramedics have experienced needle stick injury, among which 95% have experienced 1-2 times a year. 61% of the needle stick injury have been reported by the paramedics with majority of them reporting to the head of the department followed by colleagues. According to the survey 95% of the paramedics followed the correct post injury protocol even though only 90% of them knew how to manage it correctly. 88% of the paramedics have been educated regarding the management of needle stick injury through the programme they have attended conducted by their respective institution.
Conclusion : This survey revealed that knowledge of paramedics about the risk association of spread of HIV infection with needle-stick injuries and use of preventive measures was adequate. A standing order procedure (SOP) which if formulated regarding needle-stick injuries should be further encouraged by the head of the respective departments especially to those who have newly joined the institution to obtain still better safety measures.
Short - Term Effects of Eccentric Hip Abductors and Lateral Rotators Strengthening In Sedentary People with Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome on Pain and Function : A Randomized Control Trail
Authors: Shetty Kavitha , Mathias Lawrence , Hegde Mahesh V. , Shanmugam Sukumar 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the influence of additional eccentric strengthening to the hip abductor and lateral rotator musculature on pain and function in sedentary people with Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS).
Methods: 30 sedentary patients between 18 and 40 years of age, with a diagnosis of PFPS, all the subjects received treatment for a period of 4weeks and the subjects were randomly assigned to Control group (CG) and Experimental group (EG). The patients in the Control group (n = 15) performed a conventional knee-stretching and strengthening program, whereas, patients in the Experimental group (n = 15) performed the same exercises as those in the control group ,in addition received eccentric strengthening exercises for the hip abductors and lateral rotators. An 11-point numeric pain rating scale (NPRS), the Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS) and the Anterior Knee Pain Scale (AKPS) were used as outcome measures during the baseline and at the end of 4weeks .
Results: Statistics were retrieved using SPSS.16, paired 't' test was conducted to compare AKPS and LEFS values ,whereas, Mann- Whitney U test was used for NPRS value between the groups. After 4 weeks of treatment, the control group, pre and post-test value for AKPS (p<0.001),LEFS (P<0.001),NPRS (p<0.001) shows a statistical significance and even in the experimental group, pre and post-test value for AKPS (p<0.001),LEFS (P<0.001),NPRS (p<0.001) shows a statistical significance in pain and function, but comparing both the group experimental group is significantly more better AKPS (p=0.002),LEFS (P<0.001),NPRS (P<0.001) then a control group.
Conclusion: short term Knee strengthening exercises supplemented by eccentric hip abductor and lateral rotator musculature–strengthening exercises were more effective than knee exercises alone in improving function and reducing pain in sedentary people with PFPS.
Additional Muscle Belly and Abberant Muscle Fibers over the Extensor Retinaculam of Wrist
Authors: A. Divia Paul , Gaikwad Manisha Rajanand 
Published: April 2020

AbstractVariations in the extensor compartment of forearm are common and are significant to neurologists, surgeons and anatomists. The present case report describes a well-developed muscle belly medial to the tendons of extensor carpi radialis longus and extensor carpi radialis brevis. Muscle belly is originating from common extensor origin on lateral epicondyle and is inserted to base of third metacarpal; bilaterally. In addition to this, aberrant muscle fibres packed in a common connective tissue bundle over the dorsal digital expansion of left hand were also found. The above observations were noted during routine dissection of a 50 year old Indian male cadaver. The variant muscle having common extensor origin and muscle fibres over dorsal digital expansion were identified and protected. The blood supply and nerve supply were noted. The clinical significance of the variation is explained in detail.
Low Grade Endometrial Stromal Sarcoma : Report of a Rare Uterine Malignancy
Authors: Shetty Harish , Shetty Prasanna K. Kumar , Rajesh Aparna , Spandana J.C. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractEndometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS) is a rare malignant tumor, occurring in the age group of 40-50 years. We report a case of lowgrade ESS in a 42 year old women, presenting as rapid enlargement of uterus associated with excessive vaginal bleeding. ESS can be mistaken for leiomyoma. Histopathological examination remains the mainstay for diagnosis of such tumors. Although rare, ESS should be considered in the differential diagnosis of all women who present with a rapid enlargement of a uterine leiomyoma.
Kimura's disease - an unusual case of neck swelling
Authors: Shenoy Mridula D. , Bhat Chitra Y. , K. Padma Shetty , K. Jayaprakash Shetty 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Kimura's disease is an uncommon cause of lymphadenopathy in pediatric age group.
Case characteristics: Usually presents as a triad of lymphadenopathy, hyper eosinophilia and hyper IgG. Kimura's presenting as a neck swelling is rare. Intervention: Excised mass was sent for histopathology. Message: To reduce concerns of malignancy.
Unusual Presentation of Fungal Keratitis- Anterior Chamber Granuloma with Necrotising Scleritis: A Case Report
Authors: Haridasan Soumya , Pai Vijay 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis is a rare case of fungal keratitis presenting as anterior chamber granuloma with necrotising scleritis where a 56 year old woman presented with pain, redness, watering, discharge and blurring of vision in right eye for 6 months and on examination was found to have granulomatous exudate with hypopyon in anterior chamber and staphyloma. On treatment with Intracameral and intrastromal voriconazole the symptoms subsided within a week. This treatment modality proved to be helpful in preventing the progression of such a blinding disease and improving the vision.
Comparision of efficacy of local administration of contractubex & corticosteroids for hypertrophic scar in maxillofacial region
Authors: Mohan Muralee , Prasad B. Rajendra , Sharma S. M. , Shetty Tripthi , Shah Ashay 
Published: April 2020

AbstractHypertrophic scarring following surgical procedures & trauma are a great concern for patients and a challenging problem for clinicians. The therapeutic management of hypertrophic scars is a problem that has not yet been satisfactorily solved. Contractubex® ointment and intra lesional injection of corticosteroids have been used effectively for treatment and prevention of hypertrophic scars. However very few data is available to determine the efficacy of Contractubex® ointment and intra lesional injection of corticosteroids for the treatment of hypertrophic scar. Two study groups were made with 10 patients in each group. Patients in Group 1 treated with Contractubex® and patients in Group 2 treated with intra lesional corticosteroid (Triamcinolone acetonide). Scar was analyzed with Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS) at 2 weeks, 6 weeks and 12 weeks. The collected data was statistically analyzed. We found that the difference between before and after treatment scores for each of the groups was statistically significant (p < 0.05). The mean of the before and after treatment difference for the Group 1 (Contractubex® ) was 4.7 while that of group 2 (Corticosteroids) was 2.8. This demonstrated a significant superiority of the Contractubex® treatment compared to corticosteroid treatment. The difference between treatment responses for both the groups was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Excellent to good responses were reported in 90% of the Group 1 (Contractubex®) patients and 30% of Group 2 (Corticosteroids).
A Study to Assess the Awareness of Ill Effects of Tobacco among Adolescents and Young Adults of Mangalore
Authors: Ibrahim Abidh , Mathew Stacy Babun , Arekal Sudipta S. , Kundapur Rashmi ,   Swathi,   Santhosh
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Introduction: Tobacco use among school children is becoming a serious problem in developing countries. The early age of initiation underscores the urgent need to intervene and protect this vulnerable group from falling prey to this addiction. Tobacco use is a leading cause of preventable deaths world over, more so in developing countries. The tobacco situation in India is unique because of a vast spectrum of tobacco products available for smoking as well as smokeless use.
Aims and Objectives: To assess the awareness of risk factors and consequences of tobacco use among adolescent and young adults.
Materials and Method: Materials used are - Questionnaire pertaining to the awareness of smoking.
Methodology: Assessment of awareness and knowledge of tobacco smoking was done by means of answering a pretested validated questionnaire with annonimity.
Results: According to the study 78.23% said that they were aware of effects of smoking on health.39.83% and 14.78% thought it would lead to lung disease and heart disease respectively. 7.8% of the smokers were aware that smoking leads to cancer
Conclusion: According to the study, 78.23% of the study sample were aware of harmful effects of tobacco use on health.
Paratesticular Hamartoma in an Infant
Authors: Amonkar Amol Dilip , Shankar Raghu , Shetty Padma , Rai Sandeep , Amir Mohammad 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe benign paratesticular solid lesions havemore often been post-operative histological surprises. We report a rare case of hamartoma of paratesticular region. On inguinal exploration, lesion looked benign and it could be excised completely without opening the tunica. The mass haddisorganised mature tissue consisting of lipocytes, thick walled blood vessels, lymphoid follicles, nerve bundles and smooth muscle tissue, without neoplastic characteristics'. Any suspicious paratesticular lesion warrants an inguinal approach, as we did in our case, to prevent upstaging of the disease incase found to be malignant. However, since benign masses are more common a testicular sparing surgery is possible in a majority of cases.