bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radioatividade: do bem ou do mal?
Authors: De Castro Martins Joana Laura 
Published: November 2019

O presente relato decorre de uma ação desenvolvida durante a realização do Estágio Curricular Supervisionado III: Ciências no Ensino Fundamental, oferecido pela Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul – Campus Cerro Largo. A intenção do trabalho foi promover um processo de escrita e reescrita, em que se teve por objetivo observar quais eram as concepções que os estudantes traziam a respeito do tema radioatividade antes da mediação da professora estagiária e se essas concepções sofreram mudança após a abordagem do conteúdo. Como sistematização, foram realizadas metodologias diferenciadas, desde leitura de um Texto de Divulgação Científica até recursos audiovisuais como noticiários, em um processo contínuo de reflexão e mediação de conhecimentos. Por meio da escrita e reescrita realizadas constatou-se um processo de evolução conceitual a partir da ruptura das concepções simplistas que os estudantes traziam sobre o tema, decorrente da influência midiática. Constatou-se a importância de serem mantidas práticas de leitura, escrita e reescrita em sala de aula, para que possamos perceber em nossos alunos e até mesmo em nossas aulas o que está sendo realmente significado.
Difficulté de l’enseignant : à qui appartient-elle ? de quoi parle-t-on ?
Authors: Cadiou Sandra 
Published: November 2019

A quoi renvoie l’expression « difficulté de l’enseignant » : à une difficulté à enseigner, à une difficulté d’apprentissage perçue par l’enseignant ou bien à une difficulté perçue par l’élève ? Nous nous appuyons sur la vignette didactique clinique de Viviane enseignante de français et de quatre de ses élèves en classe de 1ere bac pro durant une séquence d‘écriture (à partir des verbatims des cours, des entretiens semi-dirigés et des textes produits par les élèves). La congruence des trois niveaux superposés sous cette « difficulté de l’enseignant » n’est pas toujours présente et laisse penser que celle-ci dépasserait l’objet du savoir et tiendrait aux sujets acteurs de la situation. Avec le cadre de la didactique clinique, considérant l’inconscient freudien, nous proposons d’y examiner la part du transfert dans cette difficulté. Cela permettrait de penser celle-ci comme un moteur de la relation, exploitable en formation des enseignants.
Projet orchestre dans un collège REP+, à Toulouse : caractériser les difficultés déclarées par des professeurs chargés de l’enseignement musical
Authors: Soliman Lorraine Roubertie , Tripier-Mondancin Odile , Martinez Elisabeth , Bach Nicole 
Published: November 2019

Dans certains écoles/collèges français, les classes orchestre (2008) constituent des dispositifs spécifiques : enseignants de l’Éducation nationale, des Conservatoires et/ou d’écoles de musique sont amenés à coopérer. Le cas des classes orchestre du collège Bellefontaine au sein du Grand Mirail s’inscrit dans ce schéma. Rares sont les études qui tentent de décrire et comprendre les difficultés rencontrées par les enseignants dans ce type de projet. Or, la mission des enseignants rattachés au Conservatoire n’est pas initialement dévolue à un public scolaire captif, de plus, en grande difficulté. Cette contribution propose de définir, caractériser et catégoriser les difficultés déclarées lors d’entretiens ou de témoignages d’enseignants intervenant dans ce dispositif. Deux grandes catégories de difficultés émergent : celles des enseignants recrutés par le conservatoire, qui semblent pouvoir être rapportées à des conflits intra et interindividuel de valeurs, et celles des élèves.
Les paradigmes de recherche sur les difficultés dans le travail enseignant
Authors: Murillo Audrey , Moscoso Javier Nuñez 
Published: November 2019

Cette revue de littérature propose une typologie des recherches sur les difficultés dans le travail enseignant, sur la base du repérage des paradigmes mobilisés. À partir d’une revue de travaux francophones, anglophones et hispanophones, nous mettons en évidence cinq types de paradigmes : psychologique, sociologique/anthropologique, didactique, des théories du travail et de l’activité, et empiriste. Nous en décrivons les caractéristiques théoriques, méthodologiques, ainsi que les spécificités des objets étudiés.
Ewolucyjna transformacja czasopisma
Authors: Kokowski Michał 
Published: November 2019

Naszkicowano szósty etap rozwijania czasopisma Studia Historiae Scientiarum (wcześniejsza nazwa Prace Komisji Historii Nauki PAU).
Podano informacje o uzyskanym przez czasopismo wyróżnieniu w ramach ministerialnego programu „Wsparcie dla czasopism naukowych 2019–2020” (w kwietniu 2019 r.), ewaluacji czasopisma w „ICI Master Journal List 2017” (opublikowanej u końca 2018 r.) i „Wykazie czasopism MNiSW 2019” (opublikowanym 31 lipca 2019 r.), indeksacji czasopisma w bazie Scopus (od września 2019 r.), wdrożeniu usługi Similarity Check (Crossref), pracach nad aktualizacją strony internetowej czasopisma w OJS (3.1.2.1) oraz liczbie zagranicznych autorów i recenzentów bieżącego tomu czasopisma.
Wprowadzenie do tematyki sesji roboczej „Polskie czasopisma naukowe z dyscyplin: «historia i filozofia nauki» oraz «naukoznawstwo» – aktualne wyzwania" (Kraków, 25 czerwca 2019) i konkretne propozycje rozwiązań organizacyjno-redakcyjnych i legislacyjnych
Authors: Kokowski Michał 
Published: November 2019

W artykule przedstawiono wprowadzenie do tematyki sesji roboczej „Polskie czasopisma naukowe z dyscyplin: «historia i filozofia nauki» oraz «naukoznawstwo» – aktualne wyzwania”, zorganizowanej przez Komisję Historii Nauki PAU w Krakowie w dniu 25 czerwca 2019 r., wraz z konkretnymi propozycjami rozwiązań organizacyjno-redakcyjnych dla czasopism i wydawnictw oraz rozwiązań legislacyjnych dotyczących zasad ewaluacji czasopism.

Introduction to the topic of the Working Session "Polish scientific journals from disciplines: «history and philosophy of science» and «science of science» – current challenges" (Kraków, 25 June 2019) and specific proposals for organizational, editorial a
Abstract

The article presents an introduction to the topic of the Working Session “Polish scientific journals from disciplines: «history and philosophy of science» and «science of science» –current challenges”organized by the PAU Commission on the History of Sciencein Kraków on 25 June 25 2019, along with specific proposals of organizational and editorial solutions for journals and publishing houses, as well as of legislative solutions regarding the principles of journal evaluation.
Les études en spiritualité
Authors: Charron Jean-Marc 
Published: November 2019

L’émergence du spirituel s’impose aujourd’hui comme un fait marquant des déplacements du religieux vécus en Occident. Cet intérêt croissant pour la spiritualité, tant dans la pratique de plusieurs de nos contemporains que dans divers champs disciplinaires, ne va pas sans soulever quelques questions : Qu’est-ce que la spiritualité ? Quels sont ses rapports avec les traditions religieuses ? Selon quelles méthodes peut-on en aborder l’étude ? Que signifie l’accompagnement spirituel en contexte non confessionnel ? Ce texte évoque certains paramètres du chantier qui s’offre aujourd’hui à l’étude de ce nouveau champ disciplinaire.
Spiritualité
Authors: Vecoli Fabrizio 
Published: November 2019

Dans ce court article, nous entendons retracer l’histoire sémantique du mot spiritualité afin de mieux saisir la signification du concept que l’on évoque aujourd’hui. Puis, on présentera le cas du monachisme chrétien primitif, où les questions sous-jacentes à l’utilisation de ce terme semblent — toute distinction faite — les mêmes qu’à l’époque actuelle. Le but de ces quelques propos est, d’une part, de rappeler à quel point la notion de spiritualité est culturellement connotée et liée à une histoire spécifique qui en a déterminé l’évolution jusqu’à ses utilisations les plus récentes et, d’autre part, proposer une interrogation quant à la récurrence — réelle ou illusoire ? — de certaines questions dans l’histoire des concepts et, par extension, dans l’histoire de la religion. L’enjeu est celui d’un comparatisme capable de légitimer l’établissement de catégories conceptuelles potentiellement récurrentes, premier pas dans la fondation d’universels admissibles dans les sciences sociales.
Stress-induced changes in the expression of antioxidant system genes for rice (Oryza sativa L.) and bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors: Ermakov Anton , Bobrovskikh Aleksandr , Zubairova Ulyana , Konstantinov Dmitrii , Doroshkov Alexey 
Published: November 2019

Background
Plant cell metabolism inevitably forms reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can damage cells or lead to their death. The antioxidant system (AOS) evolved to eliminate a high concentration of ROS. For plants, this system consists of the seven classes of antioxidant enzymes and antioxidant compounds. Each enzymatic class contains a various number of genes which may vary from species to species. In such a multi-copy genetic system, the integration of evolutionary characteristics and expression data makes it possible to effectively predict promising breeding targets for the design of highly-yielding cultivars. In the plant cells, ROS production can increase as a result of abiotic stresses. Accordingly, AOS responds to stress by altering the expression of the genes of its components. Expression profiles of AOS enzymes, including their changes under stress, remains incomplete. A comprehensive study of the system behavior in response to stress for different species gives the key to identify the general mechanisms of AOS regulation. In this article, we studied stress-induced changes in the expression of AOS genes in photosynthetic tissues for rice and bread wheat.

Methods
A meta-analysis of genome-wide transcriptome data on stress-induced changes in expression profiles of antioxidant genes using microarray and next generation sequencing (NGS) experiments from the GEO NCBI database for rice and bread wheat was carried out. Experimental study of expression changes in short (6 h) and prolonged (24 h) cold stress responses for selected AOS genes of bread wheat cultivars Saratovskaya29 and Yanetzkis Probat was conducted using qPCR.

Results
The large-scale meta-transcriptome and complementary experimental analysis revealed a summary of fold changes in the AOS gene expression in response to cold and water deficiency for rice and bread wheat.
Life history response of Echinops gmelinii Turcz. to variation in the rainfall pattern in a temperate desert
Authors: Wang Yanli , Li Xinrong , Liu Lichao , Zhao Jiecai , Sun Jingyao 
Published: November 2019

Background
Current and future changes in rainfall amount and frequency may particularly impact annual plants in desert ecosystems. The winter annual Echinops gmelinii Turcz. is widely distributed in the desert habitats of northern China and is a dominant pioneer annual plant following sand stabilization in the Tengger Desert. This species plays a vital role in dune stabilization during spring and early summer, when wind erosion is the most severe and frequent. However, seedling emergence and regeneration in sandy soil are mainly determined by rainfall patterns. Therefore, understanding the life history response of this species to rainfall variation is necessary for understanding the change of population dynamics under the future climate change.

Methods
A field simulation rainfall pot experiment using rainout shelter was conducted that included five amounts and five frequencies of rainfall based on historical and predicted values to monitor the life history responses of E. gmelinii in a near-natural habitat.

Results
We found that rainfall amount and frequency significantly affected seedling survival, growth and reproduction. The plant height, biomass, capitula number, seed number, seed mass and reproductive effort, but not the root/shoot ratio, significantly increased with increasing rainfall. Further, these traits exhibited the greatest response to low-frequency and larger rainfall events, especially the optimal rainfall frequency of 10-day intervals. Offspring seed germination showed increasing trends with decreasing rainfall, suggesting that the maternal effects may have occurred.

Conclusions
Our study shows that the plasticity in growth and reproduction of E. gmelinii in response to rainfall variations may help it to gain dominance in the harsh and unpredictable desert environment. Furthermore, population development of this winter annual species should be promoted under the likely future scenarios of large rainfall events and increasing cool-season precipitation in temperate desert.
Implementation of Stress Ulcer Prophylaxis (SUP) in an Intensive Care Unit (ICU)
Authors: Shahbazi Foroud , Karimpur Hasanali , Hosseini Elham 
Published: November 2019

Background: Critically ill patients are at high risk for developing stress ulcer bleeding, which may increase the length of hospitalization and mortality rate. Stress ulcer prophylaxis could be done either with PPIs or with H2 receptor blockers, which were prescribed in critically ill patients.
Aim: This cross-sectional study was accomplished in an intensive care unit to implement new stress ulcer prophylaxis.
Methods: This study was conducted in a tertiary hospital of Kermanshah province, west of Iran. Patients who were hospitalized for at least 72 hours and received SUP prophylaxis, were included in our study. Updated ASHP guideline was used for calculating SUP risk score. Patients received either PPIs or H2RA (intravenously or enteral). Efficacy and safety of early changes to enteral route were evaluated in one year and cost was calculated in three years’ period.
Results: This study was conducted on 150 patients with a mean age of 58 ± 18 years old. More than half of patients (53.3%) were male. Stress ulcer prophylaxis was prescribed for all critically ill patients, regardless of the risk of GI bleeding while only 76.6% of patients had an appropriate indication for receiving SUP protocol. Six patients in the PPIs group (4 in intravenous and 2 in enteral) experienced gastrointestinal bleeding. Changing the route of administration from intravenous to intravenous over a three-year period resulted in a decrease in the mean use of pentoprazole vials from 12 to 4 per patient.
Conclusion: Early changing (within 72 hours) SUP from IV to enteral is safe and cost-saving approach.
Polygenic Risk Score and Upgrading in Patients With Prostate Cancer Receiving Active Surveillance
Authors: Goss Louisa B. , Liu Menghan , Zheng Yingye , Guo Boya , Conti David V. , Haiman Christopher A. , Kachuri Linda , Catalona William J. , Witte John S. , Lin Daniel W. , Newcomb Lisa F. , Darst Burcu F. 
Published: December 2024

ImportanceActive surveillance is the preferred management strategy for patients with low- or favorable intermediate-risk prostate cancer (PCa); however, frequent health care visits can be costly and burdensome to patients. Identifying patients who may benefit from intensive vs passive surveillance could reduce these burdens.ObjectiveTo investigate associations between a polygenic risk score (PRS) and risk of upgrading and other prostate tumor features in patients receiving active surveillance.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis prospective multicenter cohort study across 10 US sites included 1220 patients from the Canary Prostate Active Surveillance Study (PASS) enrolled from July 2008 to November 2017, with follow-up (median, 5.3 years) through August 2022. Participants were those with clinically localized PCa (cT1-T2) receiving active surveillance. Analyses took place from January 2023 to April 2024.ExposureMulti-ancestry PRS of 451 PCa risk variants (PRS-451) and 400 PCa risk variants (PRS-400) after excluding prostate-specific antigen (PSA)–associated variants.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was PCa upgrading (any Gleason grade increase) vs no upgrading. Secondary outcomes included prostate volume, PSA, PSA density, percentage of biopsy cores with cancer, and Gleason grade group at diagnosis.ResultsThe median (IQR) age at diagnosis of the 1220 patients receiving active surveillance was 63 (58-67) years. During follow-up, 470 patients upgraded; the 2- and 5-year risks of upgrading were 17.7% (95% CI, 15.5%-19.9%) and 33.3% (95% CI, 30.5%-36.3%), respectively. Each 1-SD unit increase in PRS-451 was associated with 23% increased hazard of upgrading (95% CI, 1.11-1.35; P &amp;lt; .001), whereas PRS-400 was associated with 27% increased hazard (95% CI, 1.15-1.39; P &amp;lt; .001) at any point in time during follow-up. Except for PSA, associations with remaining outcomes were similar or stronger using PRS-400. Higher PRS-400 was associated with smaller prostate volume, a higher percentage of biopsy cores with cancer, and higher PSA density. A model with clinical risk factors had a C-index of 0.64 (95% CI, 0.62-0.67); adding PRS-400 led to a C-index of 0.65 (95% CI, 0.63-0.68).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study, among patients receiving active surveillance, high PRS was associated with risk of upgrading and possibly tumor multifocality. Excluding PSA variants from the PRS revealed an association with smaller prostate size, which has been previously associated with more aggressive tumors. Although PRS may inform active surveillance, it is yet to be seen whether they improve clinical decisions.
CMOS Voltage‐Controlled Oscillators
Authors: Issakov Vadim 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This article addresses the fundamentals of voltage‐controlled oscillators (VCOs) in CMOS technologies. The article discusses general stability and oscillation conditions, addresses basic circuit topologies, such as cross‐coupled differential pair and three‐point oscillators, and then discusses noise mechanisms and circuit techniques to reduce phase noise. Next, frequency‐tuning range limitations in VCOs and related trade‐offs are discussed. Finally, overview of the latest state‐of‐the‐art CMOS VCO is provided.
Andragogy: Past and Present Potential
Authors: Clair Ralf St. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAndragogy was the first adult learning model to identify adult learners' characteristics and provide a pragmatic framework for responding to them. It is still considered a foundational and significant contribution to understanding adult learners despite substantial critique over the last 50 years. Current research supports the notion that andragogy is a useful model for designing instruction in numerous fields of practice. This chapter will look at the key ideas of andragogy, their theoretical background, the main critiques of andragogy, and the possible future of this broadly recognized approach to promoting the learning of adults.
α‐Lipoic Acid‐Based Nanozyme for Treating Acute Epilepsy
Authors: Sun Yage , Zhao Xinrui , Yang Rong , Xiao Meng , Liu Wenguang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAnti‐epilepsy drugs (AEDs), a common therapeutic approach for clinically treating epilepsy, suffer from low permeability toward the blood‐brain barrier (BBB), side effect risks, and a failure to regulate the pathological microenvironment. These issues hinder the complete control of epilepsy and lead to a vicious cycle of inflammation‐epileptogenesis. Herein, an α‐lipoic acid (LA)‐based nanozyme that loads phenytoin (PHT) and complexes calcium ions (LA@PHT‐Ca2+) is developed. This nanozyme combines the functions of delivering AEDs across the BBB and regulating undesirable microenvironments to treat epilepsy. Amphipathic LA self‐assembles into stable nanoparticles in water with BBB crossing ability endowed by the transporting of LA through sodium‐dependent multivitamin transporter. LA's enzyme‐like and redox functions provide LA@PHT‐Ca2+ with excellent scavenging effects on several free radicals via cascade reactions, thereby protecting neurons from oxidative stress. Moreover, Ca2+ disrupts neuronal respiration, resulting in reduced production of bioenergetic adenosine triphosphate and an improved hypoxic microenvironment. This leads to decreased expression of P‐glycoprotein, a drug‐efflux gating protein. This novel lipoic acid‐based nanozyme, with intrinsic BBB crossing capability, prolonged intracellular drug retention time, and the ability to block the inflammation‐epileptogenesis cycle, presents a satisfactory therapeutic effect in epileptic rats, resulting in attenuated symptoms and an improved microenvironment.
Room Temperature Topological Spin Textures in 2D Janus Chromium Chalcohalides with Dual Ligand Enhanced Ferromagnetism
Authors: Zhao Yanzhe , Huang He , Zhang Zeyu , Zhao Jiapeng , Wang Liming , Qiao Guanxiong , Wu Yanfei , Zhang Jingyan , Zheng Xinqi , Zhou Shiming , Wang Shouguo 
Published: December 2024

AbstractStrong Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction (DMI) and topological spin textures in two‐dimensional (2D) magnetic materials hold great potential for novel spin‐based information storage and processing. The current research efforts on topological magnetism are highly limited by insufficient magnetic strength, resulting in a narrow temperature‐external magnetic field (T‐B) phase diagram window. In this study, 2D Janus Cr2X3Y3 (X = Cl, Br, I; Y = S, Se, Te) monolayers are investigated by employing first‐principles calculations and atomic spin simulations, demonstrating desirable characteristics such as high Curie temperatures, significant DMI, and chiral spin textures benefited from the ligand substitution. Notably, stable field‐free room‐temperature magnetic skyrmions are observed in the Cr2Br3S3 monolayer and can persist under long‐range magnetic and temperature fields. Additionally, meron chains and skyrmion chains are preserved in the Cr2I3S3 monolayer under appropriate magnetic field and temperature. Based on the tight‐binding approximation, a ligand‐resolved six‐electron model is developed to distinguish superexchange interactions through X‐ and Y‐ligand hopping channels. This model elucidates the interplay between electronegativity and orbital degeneracy, shedding light on their influence on magnetic strength. This discovery highlights and expands the potential of ligand substitution for achieving high‐temperature topological magnetism in 2D magnetic materials.
Copper‐Poor Copper Sulfide Enables High‐Efficiency and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells via Interface Modification
Authors: Wang Ziyi , Li Jiangling , Xiang Wuchen , Xiao Shuping , Wu Rui , Ma Liang , Lei Hongwei , Fang Guojia , Liu Qingbo , Qin Pingli 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe copper content in copper sulfide significantly influences the material properties, potentially affecting interfacial non‐radiative recombination in perovskite solar cells. Here, a simple ball‐milling strategy is used to obtain Cu‐poor (cupric sulfide, CuS) and Cu‐rich (cuprous sulfide, Cu2S) nanoparticles (in which CuS and Cu2S are the dominant phases respectively, containing a mixture of CuO/Cu(OH)2 species) from commercial cupric‐ and cuprous‐sulfide powders respectively. The resulting Cu‐poor nanoparticles exhibit a well‐crystallized hexagonal structure, suppressing the formation of harmful CuO/Cu(OH)2 byproducts. Additionally, the Cu‐poor nanoparticles uniformly cover the perovskite, effectively addressing residual PbI2 at grain boundaries and constructing a hole‐transport channel at the interface between perovskite and spiro‐OMeTAD [2,2′,7,7′‐tetrakis (N, N‐di‐p‐methoxyphenylamine)‐9,9′‐spirobifluorene]. In contrast, the Cu‐rich nanoparticles exhibit a non‐crystalline structure with excessive CuO/Cu(OH)2 byproducts. Their aggregation and non‐uniform morphology on the perovskite surface likely result from the charge‐controlled interactions from the big bond polarity in cupric sulfide. Moreover, the presence of excessive CuO/Cu(OH)2 byproducts increases hydrophilic sites, weakening interfacial defect passivation and compromising device performance. Consequently, perovskite solar cells using copper‐rich CuS interface passivation layers achieved a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of over 25% and maintained ≈87% of the initial PCE after 2,300 h of storage in air, outperforming copper‐rich Cu2S‐based devices.