bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multiphysical theoretical prediction and experimental verification of vibroacoustic responses of fruit fiber‐reinforced polymeric composite
Authors: Satankar Rajesh Kumar , Sharma Nitin , Panda Subrata Kumar 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe acoustic parameters (sound power level and radiation efficiency) of harmonically excited natural fiber (Luffa cylindrica) reinforced polymer composite panel is predicted first time using a coupled finite and boundary element scheme including the mechanical characteristics. First, the frequency values of the freely vibrating Luffa fiber‐reinforced composite are obtained through a finite element solution considering the higher‐order polynomial kinematic theory to count the structural deformation. Further, the Helmholtz wave equation is solved to evaluate the acoustic data under the harmonic excitation. The proposed multiphysics model is taking care of the structure, the fluid medium and the coupling between them, which, in turn, allows to obtain the solution numerically for the final finished polymer composite product. Further, the model accuracy has been shown by comparing both frequency and sound radiation responses with available published results including the own experimental values. Moreover, the fruit extracted fiber reinforced polymer composite plate components are fabricated using different volume fractions of fiber content and utilized for the numerical analysis considering their experimental properties (mechanical and physical). Finally, the influences of the dimensional variable (aspect ratio, side to thickness ratio and support condition) on the acoustic radiation behavior of the fabricated composite have been examined thoroughly to show their possible real‐life applications.
Water‐soluble polyurethane/CaCO3 composites for gunpowder storage
Authors: Wondu Eyob , Lule Zelalem Chernet , Kim Jooheon 
Published: August 2020

AbstractModern research areas help develop environmentally benign storage materials in every industry. Herein, we envisage a water‐soluble polyurethane binder that can store gunpowder materials with the help of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) as a trial experiment. We successfully fabricated water‐soluble polyurethane CaCO3 composites using the solution polymerization process. We have confirmed the structure of the fabricated composite with the help of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy noting the appearance of urethane linkage because of amine peaks at a wavenumber of 3200 to 3350 cm−1, and the results assert that the structure has been developed. The solubility of the composite in water was confirmed by identifying its hydrophilic properties with the help of contact angle measurements and solubilizing a known mass of the composite in water, then filtering the solution. The adherence and mechanical properties of the composites were studied by field emission scanning electron microscopy and universal testing machine, the results indicate that the polytetramethylene glycol surface‐treated CaCO3 particles well adhered to the matrix and demonstrated hugely improved tensile strength and Young's modulus. The thermal property of the composites was analyzed with the help of thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry.
Genetic diagnosis and clinical evaluation of severe fetal akinesia syndrome
Authors: Reischer Theresa , Liebmann‐Reindl Sandra , Bettelheim Dieter , Balendran‐Braun Sukirthini , Streubel Berthold 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectiveIn this retrospective study, we describe the clinical course, ultrasound findings and genetic investigations of fetuses affected by fetal akinesia.Materials and MethodsWe enrolled 22 eukaryotic fetuses of 18 families, diagnosed with fetal akinesia between 2008 and 2016 at the Department of Obstetrics and Feto‐Maternal Medicine at the Medical University of Vienna. Routine genetic evaluation included karyotyping and chromosomal microarray analysis. Retrospectively, exome sequencing was performed in the index case of 11 families, if stored DNA was available. Confirmation analyses and genetic diagnosis of siblings were performed by using Sanger sequencing.ResultsWhole exome sequencing identified pathogenic variants of CNTN1, RYR1, NEB, GLDN, HRAS and TNNT3 in six cases of 11 families. In three of these families, the variants were confirmed in the respective sibling.ConclusionsThe present study demonstrates a high diagnostic yield of exome sequencing in fetuses affected by akinesia syndrome, especially if family history is positive. Still, in a large part the underlying genetic cause remained unknown, whereas precise clinical evaluation in combination with exome sequencing shows to be the best tool to find the disease causing variants.
Numerical and experimental studies on the effect of thickness difference between up and down gas layers on sheet polymer gas‐assisted extrusion forming
Authors: Jiang Shi‐Yu , Liu He‐Sheng , Huang Xing‐Yuan , Yu Zhong , Wang Rui‐Zhe 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn this study, to make gas‐assisted extrusion (GAE) can be better applied to conventional horizontal extrusion forming process, the thickness difference between up and down gas layer was simulated for the first time by GAE of molten high‐density polyethylene sheet. In order to ascertain the effects of the thickness difference of up and down gas layers on sheet extrusion molding, a method based on the model of two‐phase (gas and melt) flow was put forward, and an outer‐layer GAE isothermal numerical simulation made by POLYFLOW was explored and researched. The numerical results analysis indicated that when the thickness of down gas layer is increased, the velocities, pressure drop and shear rate of the melt increase. Compared with the simplified‐GAE simulation, GAE simulation method can well reflect the flow characteristics, the physical field distribution, and the morphology changes of melt extrudates. The experimental results show that with the increase of the thickness of the down gas layer, the melt falling can be obviously improved during extrusion. Thus, in the actual use of GAE for sheet production, not only the thickness difference between up and down gas layers should be reasonably controlled, but also other factors, such as melt inlet volume flow rate, gas pressure and temperature should be controlled accordingly. Finally, GAE forming technology can give full play to its advantages.
Conductivity–modulus–Tg relationships in solvent‐free, single lithium ion conducting network electrolytes
Authors: Shen Chengtian , Zhao Qiujie , Shan Naisong , Jing Brian B. , Evans Christopher M. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractA model system of single‐ion conducting network electrolytes with acrylic backbone, ethylene oxide (EO) side chains, tethered fluorinated anions, and mobile Li cations was designed and synthesized to investigate structure–property relationships. By systematically tuning four molecular variables, one at a time, we investigated how crosslinker length, mol% of crosslinker added, Li:EO ratio and side‐chain length affect conductivity, Tg, and modulus. Ionic conductivity at 90 °C varied by two orders of magnitude (and by three orders of magnitude at room temperature) depending on the molecular details, while a 70 °C span in glass transition temperature (Tg) was observed. The range of crosslinking, which can be achieved without impacting conductivity was also elucidated, and the modulus of the electrolyte can be increased by a factor of 8, up to 2.4 MPa, without impacting ion transport. Changes in conductivity due to crosslink density and crosslinker length are fully explained in terms of Tg shifts, while comonomer length cannot be accounted for by such a shift. The best performing network exhibited 10−5 S/cm at high temperature, which is comparable to other single‐ion conductors reported in the literature, while the modulus is higher due to crosslinking. Adding 10 wt% propylene carbonate further increased this value to 10−4 S/cm. This work provides insights into the structure–property relationships of solid‐state polymer electrolytes, which retain conductivity but can potentially help suppress dendrites.
Analysis of transport phenomena during plasma deposition of hydrophobic coatings on porous cellulosic substrates in plane‐to‐plane dielectric barrier discharges at atmospheric pressure
Authors: Babaei Sara , Profili Jacopo , Asadollahi Siavash , Sarkassian Andranik , Dorris Annie , Beck Stephanie , Stafford Luc 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn this study, four‐layer stacks of bleached, unrefined Kraft papers are exposed to a plane‐to‐plane dielectric barrier discharge at atmospheric pressure operated in a glow‐like discharge regime and sustained in a mixture of hexamethyldisiloxane and helium gases. Scanning electron microscopy confirms that the plasma‐deposited coating follows the roughness of the porous cellulosic substrate. Whereas fairly spatially homogeneous coatings are obtained on silicon, significant variations of the coatings' thickness, organic content, and water contact angle are observed along the gas flow lines on the Kraft paper. These effects are even more important in the presence of substrate outgassing. In addition, plasma‐generated species sequentially penetrate down to the fourth layer of the cellulosic substrate, rendering surfaces hydrophobic with very low water absorption kinetics.
Plasma‐assisted deposition of iron oxide thin films for photoelectrochemical water splitting
Authors: Bosso Piera , Milella Antonella , Barucca Gianni , Mengucci Paolo , Armenise Vincenza , Fanelli Fiorenza , Giannuzzi Roberto , Maiorano Vincenzo , Fracassi Francesco 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIron oxide thin films for photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting were deposited by radiofrequency sputtering of an iron target in argon/oxygen plasma mixtures, followed by thermal annealing. The chemical composition and structure of deposited film can be tuned by controlling the gas feed composition and the annealing temperature. The thermal treatment extensively improves the PEC water splitting performances of the films deposited at the lowest O2 percentages (0–1%), allowing to obtain photocurrent densities up to 1.20 mA/cm2 at 1.23 VRHE. Increasing the oxygen percentage in the plasma feed allows the direct growth of photoactive films; the best result is found for the hematite film produced at 50% O2, characterized by a photocurrent density of 0.21 at 1.23 VRHE.
Performance of the MEWMA‐CoDa control chart in the presence of measurement errors
Authors: Zaidi Fatima Sehar , Castagliola Philippe , Tran Kim Phuc , Khoo Michael Boon Chong 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis paper can be considered as an extension of the work of Tran et al (for monitoring compositional data using a multivariate exponentially weighted moving average MEWMA‐compositional data [CoDa] chart) by taking into account potential measurement errors that are known to highly affect production processes. A linearly covariate error model with a constant error variance is used to study the impact of measurement errors on the MEWMA‐CoDa control chart. In particular, the influence of the device parameters (σM,b), the number of independent observationsm, and the the number of variablespare investigated in terms of the MEWMA optimal couples (r,H) as well as in terms of their corresponding ARLs. A comparison between the Hotelling‐CoDaT2and the proposed chart is made in order to show that the MEWMA‐CoDa chart is more efficient in detecting shifts in the presence of measurement errors. A real‐life example of muesli production, using multiple measurements for each composition, is used to estimate the parameters and also to demonstrate how the MEWMA‐CoDa can handle measurement errors to detect shifts in the process.
An isotope ratio mass spectrometry‐based method for hydrogen isotopic analysis in sub‐microliter volumes of water: Application for multi‐isotope investigations of gases extracted from fluid inclusions
Authors: Buikin Alexei Ivanovich , Kuznetsova Olga Vitalievna , Velivetskaya Tatiana Alexeevna , Sevastyanov Vyacheslav Sergeevich , Ignatiev Alexander Vasilievich 
Published: August 2020

RationaleThe study of multi‐isotope systematics of fluid inclusions is of great importance for understanding of the sources and evolution of fluid phases in mantle rocks and ore deposits. The most appropriate technique for such investigations is a (stepwise) crushing method that is widely used for noble gases and nitrogen. However, because of the possible influence of mechanochemical reactions and back sorption, analyses of the isotope composition of water extracted by crushing from fluid inclusions are challenging.MethodsAn isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS)‐based method for hydrogen (and oxygen) isotopic analysis in sub‐microliter volumes of water extracted from fluid inclusions by crushing is presented. The verification of the possible influence of adsorption processes and mechanochemical reactions on the results of isotope analysis was performed for the first time. For that a series of parallel analyses of hydrogen isotopic ratios from water inclusions in quartz applying physically different extraction methods (crushing and thermodecrepitation) was conducted.ResultsFour series of quartz aliquots were analyzed: three series extracting water by crushing (two series for δ2H values and one for δ18O values) and one by thermodecrepitation. The mean value for the crushing results is δ2H = −85.3 ± 3.6 ‰ (1σ, n = 11), which coincides well with the thermodecrepitation data (−86.3 ± 2.0 ‰, 1σ, n = 5), suggesting that our methodological approach allows the influence of back sorption or mechanochemical reactions during the crushing experiment to be minimized. The reproducibility of the oxygen isotopic ratios is ±0.9 ‰ (1σ, n = 5).ConclusionsThe conducted experiments have shown that the influence of back sorption or mechanochemical reactions during crushing on isotopic results is not crucial for our method. The developed IRMS‐based method for hydrogen (and oxygen) isotopic analysis in sub‐microliter volumes of water is well applicable for multi‐isotope investigations of gases extracted from fluid inclusions. As an application a well‐defined 40Ar/36Ar–δ2H correlation in mantle rocks is presented for the first time.
Experimental investigation of a twisted string actuation for usage in active catheter
Authors: Yan Lutao , Wang Qi , Li Haiyuan , Zhang Qinjian 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe improvement of the steerability and controllability of catheters is highly required because catheter‐based interventional diagnosis and therapy have become increasingly popular. However, active catheters are often complex and expensive.MethodsThis study attempts to control catheter tip by a twisted string actuator. Experiments are carried out to analyze the full actuation and bending characteristics of the active catheter.ResultsIt is indicated that the expected bending motion can be achieved by twisting the strings. Hysteresis behavior in backward and forward motion is also discussed. High repetitive positional accuracy and reverse position accuracy can be obtained when the number of rotation is low. When the number of turns is 25, the maximum tip position errors are 4, 1.8 and 1 mm in X, Y and Z directions, respectively.ConclusionIt is expected that the presented method will prove useful for the application of twisted string active catheter.
Abundance of cell‐free mitochondrial DNA in spent culture medium associated with morphokinetics and blastocyst collapse of expanded blastocysts
Authors: Kobayashi Mitsuru , Kobayashi Junichi , Shirasuna Koumei , Iwata Hisataka 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPurposeThis retrospective observational study investigated relationships between the abundance of cell‐free mitochondrial DNA (cf‐mtDNA) in spent culture medium (SCM) of human‐expanded blastocysts and their morphokinetics to address the question of whether the abundance of cf‐mtDNA in SCM could predict the quality of blastocysts.MethodsEmbryos (n = 53) were individually cultured in a time‐lapse incubator until they reached the expanded blastocyst stage (5 or 6 days), following which copy numbers of cf‐mtDNA in SCM (20 μL) of expanded blastocysts were determined using real‐time PCR.ResultsThe duration between start of blastulation to expanded blastocyst (tEB–tSB) and between that of the blastocyst stage to expanded blastocyst (tEB–tB) significantly and positively correlated with the abundance of cf‐mtDNA in the SCM (tEB–tSB: r = .46; P < .01; tEB–tB: r = .47; P < .01). The abundance of cf‐mtDNA in the SCM was significantly greater in blastocysts with blastocyst collapse (BC), than without BC, and significantly and positively correlated with the number of BC.ConclusionsThe abundance of cf‐mtDNA in the SCM was associated with expansion duration and BC. Thus, cf‐mtDNA abundance in the SCM serves as a marker to predict the quality of expanded blastocysts.
Self‐reliant rovers for increased mission productivity
Authors: Gaines Daniel , Doran Gary , Paton Michael , Rothrock Brandon , Russino Joseph , Mackey Ryan , Anderson Robert , Francis Raymond , Joswig Chet , Justice Heather , Kolcio Ksenia , Rabideau Gregg , Schaffer Steve , Sawoniewicz Jacek , Vasavada Ashwin , Wong Vincent , Yu Kathryn , Agha‐mohammadi Ali‐akbar 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAchieving consistently high levels of productivity has been a challenge for Mars surface missions. While the rovers have made major discoveries and dramatically increased our understanding of Mars, they require a great deal of interaction from the operations teams, and achieving mission objectives can take longer than anticipated when productivity is paced by the ground teams' ability to react. We have conducted a project to explore technologies and techniques for creating self‐reliant rovers (SRR): rovers that are able to maintain high levels of productivity with reduced reliance on ground interactions. This paper describes the design of SRR and a prototype implementation that we deployed on a research rover. We evaluated the system by conducting a simulated campaign in which members of the Mars Science Laboratory (Curiosity rover) science team used our rover to explore a geographical region. The evaluation demonstrated the system's ability to maintain high levels of productivity with limited communication with operators.
Design, Synthesis and Properties of Novel BODIPY Dyes With Styryl as π‐Bridge at 3,5‐Positions
Authors: Xu Jian , Zong Qiao , Peng Shengming , Liao Junxu , Zhao Hongbin , Kong Haojun , Xu Junhao 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThree novel D−A‐D type small molecules Boron Fluoride Complexed Dipyridylmethine (BODIPY), BDP1‐3, linked through styryl with various strong electron donor units, such as carbazole, phenothiazine, fluorene, were designed and synthesized. The results suggest that the donor have significant effect on their photophysical and electrochemical properties. All these BDP1‐3 exhibit the obvious broader and red‐shifted absorption, the molecular absorption spectrum to range of 300–700 nm and the high molar extinction coefficients. The highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMU) energy level of them are calculated to be −5.18 eV and −3.21 eV, respectively. The broad and intense absorption, suitable HOMO‐LUMO energy levels make BDP1‐3 potential candidates for light‐harvesting and photovoltaic application.
Fe‐Pd‐Immobilized Al‐Pillared Laponite Clay as an Efficient Catalyst for the Conversion of Furfural into Tetrahydrofurfuryl Alcohol
Authors: Arumugam Selvamani , Kuppan Jayaprakash , Devaraj Murugan , Arumugam Sivasamy 
Published: August 2020

AbstractFurfural has been widely reported as a new‐generation renewable source for the production of chemicals and fuels. In this study, Fe−Pd immobilized Al‐pillared laponite clay material with suitable catalytic properties was explored as an efficient catalyst for the direct conversion of furfural (FAL) into tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol (THFOL) under the mild reaction conditions (H2 pressure‐ 10 bar, temperature‐ 60 °C and time‐ 4 hrs). The synthesized samples were characterized by several physico–chemical techniques. XRD, FT‐IR, H2‐TPR and ICP‐OES results revealed the successful loading of those bi‐metals into the Al‐pillared laponite structure. Acidity of the sample has been thoroughly investigated by NH3‐TPD and FT‐IR techniques. The catalytic activity of synthesized samples was thoroughly evaluated for the total hydrogenation of FAL for the production of THFOL. It was observed that pure Fe−Pd catalyst showed very low FAL conversion (∼53 %) and THFOL selectivity (∼38 %), whereas the Al‐pillared laponite clay supported Fe−Pd catalyst showed an increase in the FAL conversion and THFOL selectivity up to 95 % and 98 %, respectively. The high performance of Fe−Pd/Al‐pillared laponite catalyst towards the formation of THFOL is not only ascribed to the fine dispersion of Fe and Pd species and their synergistic effect but also due to the high surface area, mesoporosity and suitable acidity of Al‐pillared laponite. The recyclability of the catalyst was also explored thoroughly which confirmed their stability. Sustainability of this process lies in the utilization of low‐value bio‐derived FAL for the production of industrially important THFOL chemical.
Localizing software performance regressions in web applications by comparing execution timelines
Authors: Ocariza Frolin S. , Zhao Boyang 
Published: August 2020

SummaryA performance regression in software is defined as an increase in an application step's response time as a result of code changes. Detecting such regressions can be done using profiling tools; however, investigating their root cause is a mostly‐manual and time‐consuming task. This statement holds true especially when comparing execution timelines, which are dynamic function call trees augmented with response time data; these timelines are compared to find the performance regression‐causes – the lowest‐level function calls that regressed during execution. When done manually, these comparisons often require the investigator to analyze thousands of function call nodes. Further, performing these comparisons on web applications is challenging due to JavaScript's asynchronous and event‐driven model, which introduce noise in the timelines. In response, we propose a design – Zam – that automatically compares execution timelines collected from web applications, to identify performance regression‐causes. Our approach uses a hybrid node matching algorithm that recursively attempts to find the longest common subsequence in each call tree level, then aggregates multiple comparisons' results to eliminate noise. Our evaluation of Zam on 10 web applications indicates that it can identify performance regression‐causes with a path recall of 100% and a path precision of 96%, while performing comparisons in under a minute on average. We also demonstrate the real‐world applicability of Zam, which has been used to successfully complete performance investigations by the performance and reliability team in SAP.
Electrochemical methods for on‐site corrosion detection
Authors: Andrade Carmen 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe corrosion mechanism is of electrochemical nature and then, electrochemical techniques are the most adequate to measure the process and quantify it. In present paper are briefly described the most applied on site: corrosion potential, resistivity, galvanic current, and polarization resistance. In general, due to the difficulty to measure quasi‐infinite in size reinforcement, the measurements are made on probes embedded in the cover attached to the bars. From the techniques used, only linear polarization is quantitative. Corrosion potential provides information about the corrosion risk, and resistivity is directly related with the concrete water content. The galvanic current is misleading if real size of anode and cathode are unknown. Although, frequently mistaken, galvanic current is not equal to corrosion rate and reference to areas involved is needed. Two examples are described on the monitoring of these methods.