bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In-silico study of age-related ionic remodeling in human ventricular cardiomyocytes
Authors: Dokuchaev Arsenii , Khamzin Svyatoslav , Solovyova Olga 
Published: July 2020

Ageing is one of the dominant risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. A large number of experimental data is collected on the cellular remodeling in the ageing myocardium from mammals, but very little is known about the human cardiomyocytes. We used a combined electro-mechanical model of human ventricular cardiomyocytes and a population of models approach to investigate the variability in the response of cardiomyocytes to age-related changes in model parameters of the ionic currents.
To generate a control model population, we varied 9 ionic parameters and excluded model samples with biomarkers of cellular action potential (AP) and Ca2+ transient (CT) falling outside the physiological ranges. Using the control population of models, we evaluated the response to age-related reduction in the K+ transient outward current, SERCA pump, and an increase in the Na+Ca2+ exchange current and L-type Ca2+ current. Then, we randomly generated 60 age-related sets of the 4 parameters and applied each set to every model in the control population. We showed an increase in the frequency of repolarization anomalies (RA) and critical AP prolongation in the ageing model populations suggesting arrhythmogenic effects of the ionic remodeling. The population based approach allowed us to assess the pro-arrhythmic contribution of the ionic parameters in ageing cardiomyocytes.
Die vier Schockformen – Teil 3: obstruktiver Schock
Authors: Schebler Karoline , Wunderl Martin , Tharmaratnam Gayathiri , Jacko Tobias , Gässler Holger , Hossfeld Björn 
Published: July 2020

ZusammenfassungDer obstruktive Schock stellt die gemeinsame Endstrecke mehrerer verschiedener Erkrankungen oder Verletzungen dar, die alle in ein extrakardiales Pumpversagen münden können. Der obstruktive Schock ist zwar die seltenste der Schockentitäten, ohne schnelle und zielgerichtete Therapie jedoch häufig tödlich. Dieser Übersichtsartikel beschreibt die verschiedenen zugrunde liegenden Ursachen, mögliche diagnostische Algorithmen und Hilfsmittel sowie die therapeutischen Optionen.
Management von Patienten mit Vestibularisschwannomen Typ IV
Authors: Harati Ali , Oni Paul , Schultheiß Rolf , Deitmer Thomas 
Published: July 2020

ZusammenfassungHintergrund Vestibularisschwannome (VS) sind benigne Tumoren, die anhand der Hannover-Klassifikation bzw. der Koos-Klassifizierung eingeteilt werden. Trotz der umfangreichen Literatur sind die Klinik und die Behandlungskonzepte speziell bei großen VS selten beschrieben.Material und Methoden Zwischen 2003 und 2018 wurden 61 Patienten mit VS Typ IV durch die Arbeitsgruppe Schädelbasischirurgie am Klinikum Dortmund behandelt. Die radiologischen und klinischen Daten wurden retrospektiv ausgewertet. Zudem erfolgte eine Subgruppenanalyse zwischen Patienten mit und ohne Kompression des IV. Ventrikels.Ergebnisse Neben einer Hörminderung bei 55 Patienten (90 %) hatten die meisten Patienten multiple Symptome wie eine Trigeminusaffektion bei 16 (26 %), eine Fazialisparese bei 7 (12 %), eine Ataxie bei 27 (45 %) und Symptome eines Hirndruckanstiegs durch einen Hydrozephalus bei 4 Patienten (7 %). Bei Patienten mit einem VS Typ IVb wurde signifikant häufiger eine Ataxie, eine tonsilläre Herniation bzw. ein Hydrozephalus festgestellt. Eine komplette Resektion wurde in 48 Patienten (78 %) erreicht und eine weitestgehende Tumorentfernung in 12 Patienten (20 %). In der Langzeituntersuchung zeigten 90 % einen günstigen Outcome bezüglich des Nervus facialis (House-und-Brackman-Grad I–III). 6 Patienten (10 %) benötigten einen dauerhaften ventrikulo-peritonealen Shunt. Mehr als 90 % der Patienten erzielten einen Karnofsky-Index > 70 %.Diskussion VS Typ IV sind häufig assoziiert mit Hydrozephalus, Ataxie, multiplen Hirnnervenausfällen und gelegentlich Zeichen eines intrakraniellen Druckanstiegs. Die primäre mikrochirurgische Resektion ist weiterhin eine entscheidende Therapieoption.
Auswirkungen einer Hyperemesis gravidarum auf Schwangerschaftsverlauf
und Geburtsausgang unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des Risikofaktors
Migrationshintergrund
Authors: Stoba Julia , Henrich Wolfgang , Richter Rolf , Sehouli Jalid , David Matthias 
Published: July 2020

Zusammenfassung
Fragestellung Unterscheiden sich stationär behandelte
Hyperemesis gravidarum (H.g.)-Fälle in Abhängigkeit von
einem Migrationshintergrund (MH)? Beeinflusst eine H.g den
Geburtsausgang?
Methodik Retrospektive monozentrische Datenanalyse zwischen 1997 und
2015 stationär behandelter Patientinnen mit H.g.; Erfassen von
Schwangerschaftsparametern und Daten zum Klinikaufenthalt sowie zum
Geburtsverlauf (Subgruppe).
Ergebnisse Bei 434 von 1103 stationär behandelten Schwangeren
konnte auch auf geburtshilfliche Daten zurückgegriffen werden. Der
Anteil von Frauen mit MH im H.g.-Kollektiv war überproportional
hoch, sie wurden früher in der Schwangerschaft wegen H.g.
stationär aufgenommen, waren seltener psychosozialem Stress (laut
anamnestischen Angaben) ausgesetzt. H.g.-Patientinnen insgesamt sind
jünger und haben häufiger Mehrlingsschwangerschaften. Die
Neugeborenen von H.g.-Patientinnen sind leichter (−70g), haben
weniger kongenitale Fehlbildungen (aOR 0,32, 95%CI
0,11−0,96), müssen seltener post natum auf einer
Neugeborenenstation behandelt werden (aOR 0,59, 95%CI
0,36−0,97).
Schlussfolgerung Es zeigten sich keine relevanten negativen
Auswirkungen einer H.g. auf den Geburtsausgang. Schwangere mit MH sind eine
besondere Risikogruppe für H.g
Injury and Player Availability in Women’s International
Pathway Cricket from 2015 to 2019
Authors: Goggins Luke , Warren Anna , Smart Danni , Dale Susan , Peirce Nicholas , McKay Carly , Stokes Keith A. , Williams Sean 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis prospective cohort study aimed to describe injury and illness
epidemiology within women’s international pathway cricket,
understanding what influences player availability in this unique context
where players are contracted part-time. Approximately 8.4% of
players were impacted by injury or illness during the year, with an average
2.3% of players completely unavailable on any given day. Most
medical complaints occurred during training (111.2 injuries/100
players per year). Of all complaints, medical illness had the highest
overall incidence (45.0 complaints/100 players), followed by hand
injuries (24.7 injuries/100 players). Gradual onset injuries were
most common. Overall average match time-loss complaint prevalence rate was
4.1% and average match time-loss injury incidence rate was 7.0
injuries/1000 days of play. Fielding (56.4 injuries/100
players per year) was the activity resulting in the highest average overall
and time-loss injury incidence rates, though ‘other’
activities (e. g. those occurring outside of cricket participation)
collectively accounted for 78.3 injuries/100 players per year. The
high incidence of medical illness relative to other complaints may be a
distinct feature of the women’s cricket international pathway
compared to other cricket samples. The high occurrence of injuries arising
from ‘other’ activities, likely due to part-time
participation, presents an opportunity for targeted injury prevention
strategies.• The first study on an international women’s cricket pathway,
contributes to the empirical base for specific injury risks
associated with the women’s cricket game, which is an
emerging research area for a developing sport.• Some of the findings may be a distinct feature of the women’s
cricket international pathway, highlighting potential opportunities
for targeted prevention strategies.• With the upcoming development of an elite domestic structure these
preliminary findings will provide a good starting point for
physiotherapy and medical staff working in these contexts.
Impact of disconnected pancreatic duct syndrome on endoscopic ultrasound-guided drainage of pancreatic fluid collections
Authors: Wang Lillian , Elhanafi Sherif , Storm Andrew C. , Topazian Mark D. , Majumder Shounak , Abu Dayyeh Barham K. , Levy Michael J. , Petersen Bret T. , Martin John A. , Chari Suresh T. , Vege Santhi S. , Chandrasekhara Vinay 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background Endoscopic intervention for pancreatic fluid collections (PFCs) with disconnected pancreatic duct syndrome (DPDS) has been associated with failures and increased need for additional endoscopic and non-endoscopic interventions. The primary aim of this study was to determine the outcomes of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided transmural drainage of PFCs in patients with DPDS.
Methods In patients undergoing EUS-guided drainage of PFCs from January 2013 to January 2018, demographic profiles, procedural indications and details, adverse events, outcomes, and subsequent interventions were retrospectively collected. Overall treatment success was determined by PFC resolution on follow-up imaging or stent removal without recurrence.
Results EUS-guided drainage of PFCs was performed in 141 patients. DPDS was present in 57 of them (40 %) and walled-off necrosis was the most frequent type of PFC (55 %). DPDS was not associated with lower clinical success, increased number of repeat interventions, or increased time to PFC resolution. Patients with DPDS were more likely to be treated with permanent transmural plastic double-pigtail stents (odds ratio [OR] 6.4; 95 % confidence interval [CI] 2.5 – 16.5; P < 0.001). However, when stents were removed, DPDS was associated with increased PFC recurrence after stent removal (OR 8.0; 95 %CI 1.2 – 381.8; P = 0.04).
Conclusions DPDS frequently occurs in patients with PFCs but does not negatively impact successful resolution. DPDS is associated with increased PFC recurrence after stent removal.
Variations in the Origins of Inferior Phrenic Arteries—An Evaluation with 256 Slice Multidetector Computed Tomography
Authors: Kulkarni Chinmay Bhimaji , Pullara Sreekumar Karumathil , Prabhu Nirmal Kumar , Pillay Minnie , Moorthy Srikanth 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Aim To evaluate the frequency and pattern of variations in the origins of right inferior phrenic artery (RIPA) and left inferior phrenic artery (LIPA) on 256 slice multidetector computed tomography (MDCT).
Materials and Methods MDCT abdominal images of 600 patients (male: 344, female: 256; mean age 56.45 ± 12.96 years) who underwent technically successful multiphase computed tomography were assessed for IPA variations with emphasis on their origins and results analyzed.
Results Both IPA origins were documented in all patients. Both RIPA and LIPA originated from the common trunk in 128 (21.3%) patients. IPAs with common trunk most commonly originated from the aorta (68, 11.3%). Without common trunk RIPA most commonly originated from the aorta (225, 37.5%) and LIPA from the celiac artery (278, 46.3%). The least frequently detected IPA variations were RIPA originating from the common hepatic artery (1, 0.2%), superior mesenteric artery (1, 0.2%), and common truncus originating from left renal artery (1, 0.2%).
Conclusion MDCT demonstrates the IPA origins very well, enabling planning of interventional procedures related to IPA. Without common trunk RIPA most commonly originates from aorta and LIPA from the celiac artery. IPAs with common trunk most commonly originate from aorta.
Other Respiratory Viruses as a Cause of Community-Acquired Pneumonia
Authors: Walter James M. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCommunity-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. There is growing appreciation of the burden of noninfluenza viral pathogens in CAP. Due to multiple factors including pneumococcal vaccination programs, declining rates of cigarette smoking, an aging population, and increasingly sensitive diagnostic tests, respiratory viruses are now the most common pathogens detected in CAP, outpacing Streptococcus pneumoniae. Noninfluenza respiratory pathogens are widely accepted as causal pathogens in CAP including in immunocompetent patients. This review provides an overview of five noninfluenza respiratory viral pathogens commonly implicated in CAP pathogenesis: rhinovirus, human metapneumovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, human parainfluenza virus, and human adenoviruses. Nucleic acid amplification testing platforms and their impact on antimicrobial stewardship efforts are also considered.
Long-Term Health-Related Quality of Life in Survivors of Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia
Authors: Derraugh Gabrielle , Lum Min Suyin A. , Keijzer Richard 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of survivors of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is presently unknown. Literature prior to 2015 suggests that CDH survivors have worse HRQoL compared with the general population. However, due to changes in the diagnosis, management, and follow-up of CDH patients, this may no longer be true. The objective of this review was to determine what recent literature suggests regarding the HRQoL of CDH survivors. We reviewed all studies published between April 9, 2015, and April 6, 2020, that described the HRQoL of CDH survivors. Studies were identified using PubMed, and the references of the identified papers were searched for additional studies eligible for inclusion. Seven studies describing HRQoL in CDH survivors using validated measures of HRQoL for children, PedsQL (Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory), KIDSCREEN-52, and Comprehensive Quality of Life Scale – School Version were examined. The findings were disparate. One study suggested that CDH survivors had better than average HRQoL scores, three studies found patients and controls had equivalent scores, and two studies reported poor outcomes for CDH patients. The final study found no effect of disease severity on HRQoL, as determined by prenatal ultrasound. Evidence published between 2015 and 2020 suggests that CDH patients have an HRQoL equivalent to the general population.
Utility of Japan Narrow Band Imaging Expert Team Classification Using Narrow Band Imaging for Evaluation of Colonic Polyps
Authors: Ahire Dipak S. , Rathi Pravin M. , Banka Niranjan H. , Shah Parth K. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background Narrow band imaging (NBI) is an advanced endoscopic imaging technique that enhances visualization of the mucosal surface and is used as a screening tool for colonic polyps. Its usefulness is currently explored to a lesser extent in India. So, we assessed the utility of Japan NBI Expert Team (JNET) classification for characterization of colorectal polyps.
Methods A prospective observational study was performed from January 2018 to June 2019 of patients undergoing colonoscopy at a tertiary care hospital. NBI image of polyps was captured followed by either polypectomy/biopsy. Histopathology results were correlated with the pattern revealed by NBI on polyps using the JNET classification.
Results A total of 80 patients, 61(76.25%) male with a mean (standard deviation [SD]) age of 58.41 ± 14.59 years were included. Out of the 90 lesions, 23 (25.5%) had type-1 pattern, 45 (50%) had 2A, 13 (14.4%) had 2B, and 9 (10%) had type-3 pattern. On histopathology, majority 51 (59.3%) were found to be adenomatous with low-grade intramucosal neoplasia. When correlating our results with JNET category type 1 and hyperplastic polyps, the sensitivity was 90%, specificity was 97%, negative predictive value was 97%, positive predictive value was 90%, and diagnostic accuracy was 96%. Correlating type 2A and low-grade intramucosal neoplasia had results of 78, 87, 76, 90, and 82%, respectively. Correlating type 2B and high-grade intramucosal neoplasia had results of 83, 90, 99, 38, and 90%, respectively. Correlating type 3 and deep submucosal cancer had results of 88, 98, 99, 78, and 97%, respectively.
Conclusion NBI shows excellent probability to exclude carcinoma possibilities based on the changes in colonic mucosal features. Owing to slightly lower sensitivity for type 2B, it needs additional investigation using pit pattern diagnosis. We demonstrated the high-diagnostic performance of NBI in making an accurate diagnosis of early colorectal cancers in colonoscopy. Further refinement in the NBI technology might add to the current evidence for characterization of polyps.
Healthy publics as multi-species matters: solidarity with people’s pets in One Health promotion
Authors: Rock Melanie , Blue Gwendolyn 
Published: July 2020

AbstractClimate change is contributing to local disasters, and pets increasingly figure in mediated views and responses. By theorizing such responses, we expand on the conceptualization of “healthy publics”. In our view, healthy publics can arise from multi-species entanglements, out of which enactments of solidarity may emerge. Such enactments may encompass people with pets, as well as the pets themselves. Such enactments are selective, however, because they highlight certain lives and vulnerable situations while obscuring others. To develop this line of inquiry, we treated a major flood that took place in 2013 as a case-study. Participant-observation, social media, and qualitative interviews informed our analysis. During the immediate responses to the flood, a particular human-animal dyad became emblematic of people helping one another and their pets. As the floodwaters subsided, media reports helped to coordinate a public response to shelter people and pets on a temporary basis. Yet in the months following the flood, housing insecurity worsened for people with pets. With the passage of time, media coverage became instrumental in resolving housing crises for people with pets, but only on a case-by-case basis. Housing security for people with pets, as a policy issue, remains disconnected from planning to improve resilience overall and to enhance preparedness for disasters. Our analysis highlights the value of engaged research in foregrounding policy issues that influence the lives of people and pets. We conclude that, to be healthy, multi-species publics must entertain questions about whose lives come to matter most. The relative health of a public pivots on the extent to which policies emphasize inclusion and equity. By extension, some publics qualify as unhealthy, which could seem like a provocative claim. At this historical juncture, we feel compelled to defend decision-making process that attend not only to differences of opinion, but also to differences in possible ways of being in the world.
French subject island constraint?
Authors: Winckel Elodie , Abeillé Anne 
Published: July 2020

Summary
We present new experimental results (corpora and experiments) showing that extraction out of subject, compared
with extraction out of object, obeys a pragmatic constraint and not a syntactic constraint. We show how such a constraint can be
formalized in an HPSG grammar of French which views relative clauses, wh-questions and
it-clefts as different constructions.
Fast mixed integer optimization (FMIO) for high dose rate brachytherapy
Authors: Antaki Majd , L Deufel Christopher , Enger Shirin A 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The purpose of this work was to develop an efficient quadratic mixed integer programming algorithm for high dose rate (HDR) brachytherapy treatment planning problems and integrate the algorithm into an open-source Monte Carlo based treatment planning software, RapidBrachyMCTPS. The mixed-integer algorithm yields a globally optimum solution to the dose volume histogram (DVH) based problem and, unlike other methods, is not susceptible to local minimum trapping. A hybrid linear-quadratic penalty model coupled to a mixed integer programming model was used to optimize treatment plans for 10 prostate cancer patients. Dose distributions for each dwell position were calculated with RapidBrachyMCTPS with type A uncertainties less than 0.2% in voxels within the planning target volume (PTV). The optimization process was divided into two parts. First, the data was preprocessed, in which the problem size was reduced by eliminating voxels that had negligible impact on the solution (e.g. far from the dwell position). Second, the best combination of dwell times to obtain a plan with the highest score was found. The dwell positions and dose volume constraints were used as input to a commercial mixed integer optimizer (Gurobi Optimization, Inc.). A penalty-based criterion was adopted for the scoring. The voxel-reduction technique successfully reduced the problem size by an average of 91%, without loss of quality. The preprocessing of the optimization process required on average 4 s and solving for the global maximum required on average 33 s. The total optimization time averaged 37 s, which is a substantial improvement over the ∼15 min optimization time reported in published literature. The plan quality was evaluated by evaluating dose volume metrics, including PTV D
90, rectum and bladder D
1cc
and urethra D
0.1cc
. In conclusion, fast mixed integer optimization is an order of magnitude faster than current mixed-integer approaches for solving HDR brachytherapy treatment planning problems with DVH based metrics.
Patient-specific CT calibration based on ion radiography for different detector configurations in 1H, 4He and 12C ion pencil beam scanning
Authors: Gianoli Chiara , Göppel Maximilian , Meyer Sebastian , Palaniappan Prasannakumar , Rädler Martin , Kamp Florian , Belka Claus , Riboldi Marco , Parodi Katia 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The empirical conversion of the treatment planning x-ray computed tomography (CT) image to ion stopping power relative to water causes dose calculation inaccuracies in ion beam therapy. A patient-specific calibration of the CT image is enabled by the combination of an ion radiography (iRad) with the forward-projection of the empirically converted CT image along the estimated ion trajectories. This work investigated the patient-specific CT calibration for list-mode and integration-mode detector configurations, with reference to a ground truth ion CT (iCT) image. Analytical simulations of idealized carbon ion and proton trajectories in a numerical anthropomorphic phantom and realistic Monte Carlo simulations of proton, helium and carbon ion pencil beam scanning in a clinical CT image of a head-and-neck patient were considered. Controlled inaccuracy and noise levels were applied to the calibration curve and to the iRad, respectively. The impact of the selection of slices and angles of the iRads, as well as the choice of the optimization algorithm, were investigated. Accurate and robust CT calibration was obtained in analytical simulations of straight carbon ion trajectories. Analytical simulations of non-straight proton trajectories due to scattering suggested limitations for integration-mode but not for list-mode. To make the most of integration-mode, a dedicated objective function was proposed, demonstrating the desired accuracy for sufficiently high proton statistics in analytical simulations. In clinical data the inconsistencies between the iRad and the forward-projection of the ground truth iCT image were in the same order of magnitude as the applied inaccuracies (up to 5%). The accuracy of the CT calibration were within 2%–5% for integration-mode and 1%–3% for list-mode. The feasibility of successful patient-specific CT calibration depends on detector technologies and is primarily limited by these above mentioned inconsistencies that slightly penalize protons over helium and carbon ions due to larger scattering and beam spot size.