bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of significant predictors for the need of insulin therapy and onset of postpartum impaired glucose tolerance in gestational diabetes mellitus patients
Authors: Huang Xiaochun , Yang Lixiao , wan Yuxiang , Qin Yanghua 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) during pregnancy can greatly increase the risk for a number of adverse prenatal and postpartum consequences. Determining the need for insulin therapy is critical for controlling the glycemic level in GDM patients. Methods: Here, we performed a retrospective study on 112 GDM patients in China to identify the significant predictors for the need of insulin therapy and onset of postpartum impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) in patients with GDM. During pregnancy, the patients were divided into two groups based on whether insulin therapy was applied for GDM treatment. Results: Age and gestational weeks at GDM diagnosis, pregestational BMI, family history of diabetes mellitus (DM), plasma glucose levels assessed by 75-g OGTT at both the 1-hour and 2-hour time points (PG-1h and PG-2h) and HbA1c level were all significantly different between the two groups. During postpartum, the same patient population was re-divided into two new groups based on their postpartum PG level. Family history of DM, PG-1h PG-2h and HbA1c level were found to be significantly different between the two groups. More importantly, PG-1h and PG-2h were identified to be significant predictors for both insulin therapy and postpartum IGT. Conclusions: Our results provide valuable indications on selection of treatment strategy for GDM and GDM-induced postpartum IGT.
Pharmacokinetics and intrapulmonary concentrations of high-dose tigecycline in critically ill patients with severe infections
Authors: Pascale Gennaro De , Lisi Lucia , Ciotti Gabriella Maria Pia , Vallecoccia Maria Sole , Cutuli Salvatore Lucio , Cascarano Laura , Gelormini Camilla , Bello Giuseppe , Montini Luca , Carelli Simone , Gravio Valentina Di , Tumbarello Mario , Sanguinetti Maurizio , Navarra Pierluigi , Antonelli Massimo 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background In critically ill patients, the use of high tigecycline dosages (HD TGC) (200 mg/day) has been recently increasing but few pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) data are available. We investigated plasmatic and pulmonary concentrations of HD TGC in the treatment of severe infections. Methods This was a single centre, prospective, observational study that was conducted in the twenty-bed mixed ICU of a 1,500- bed teaching hospital in Rome, Italy. In all patients admitted to the ICU between 2015 and 2018, who received TGC (200 mg loading dose, then 100 mg q12) for the treatment of documented infections, serial blood samples were collected to measure TGC concentrations. Moreover, epithelial lining fluid (ELF) concentrations were determined in patients with nosocomial pneumonia. Results Among the 32 non-obese patients included, 11 had a treatment failure, while the other 21 subjects successfully eradicated the infection. There were no between-group differences in terms of demographic aspects and main comorbidities. In nosocomial pneumonia, for a target AUC0-24/MIC of 4.5, 75% of the patients would be successfully treated in presence of 0.5 mg/L MIC value and all the patients obtained the PK target with MIC≤0.12 mg/mL. In intra-abdominal infections, for a target AUC0-24/MIC of 6.96, at least 50% of the patients would be adequately treated against bacteria with MIC≤0.5 mcg/mL. Finally, in skin and soft-tissue infections, for a target AUC0-24/MIC of 17.,9 only 25% of the patients obtained the PK target at MIC values of 0.5 mg/L and less than 10% were adequately treated against germs with MIC value ≥1 mcg/ml. HD TGC showed a relevant pulmonary penetration with a median and IQR ELF/plasma ratio (%) of 152.9 [73.5-386.8]. Conclusions The use of HD TGC is associated with satisfactory plasmatic and pulmonary concentrations for the treatment of severe infections due to fully susceptible bacteria (MIC<0.5 mg/L). Even higher dosages and combination strategies are required in presence of difficult to treat pathogens.
Colonization of Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi improve salinity tolerance of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehn.) seedlings
Authors: Klinsukon Chaiya , Lumyong Saisamorn , Kuyper Thomas W. , Boonlue Sophon 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Soil salinity is an important problem for agriculture and effecting in the inability to use soil for cultivation. High salt levels reduce plant performance. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have been reported to enhance the tolerance of plants under salinity stress. For promote cultivation of economic plant in salt stress area that univariable to use to produce raw material for pulp industry. We determined the effects of AMF on the growth and nutrient status of eucalyptus (Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehn.) seedlings under salinity stress condition.Results: Three different clones of Eucalyptus seedlings were pre-inoculated with three salt-tolerant AMF species, namely Glomus sp.2, Gigaspora albida and Gigaspora decipiens or without pre-inoculated. The seedlings were grown in a greenhouse for 45 days. They were then transplanted into individual pots, filled with field soil and subsequently treated with NaCl solution until the electro-conductivity (EC) reached 10, 15 and 20 dS m-1. They were watered for 90 days under nursery conditions. Increasing salinity levels reduced plant performance, fractional root colonization and the number of spores. Increasing salinity also resulted in a lower K/Na ratio. At the same time, performance of the pre-inoculated plants was significantly higher than that of plant that relied on field inoculum only. AMF also significantly increased chlorophyll and leaf proline concentrations and improved the K/Na balance.Conclusion: The results indicate that pre-inoculation with AMF before out planting improves plant performance under salinity stress due to AMF can improve the negative impacts of salinity on the studied physiological, nutrients uptake and biochemical parameters.
Physical examination service utilization among seasonal immigrants in Sanya, China: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Chen Yue-wei , Geng Yun-xia , Yao Hong-yan , Yin Da-peng , Hu Yue-hua , Zhang Ying-ying , Li Xu-dong 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Backgroud this paper is to explore the influencing factors on utilizing physical examinations (PE) for the seasonal immigrants who moved from their home town to Sanya city in Hainan province in China during the winter . Methods A total of 1342 seasonal immigrants (aged 50 or over) were randomly selected and surveyed through a standardized questionnaire. Using an adjusted logistic regression model to identify the factors associated with the use of PE for those immigrants. Results We found the utilization rate of PE among seasonal immigrants is 26.80%. The level of education, living time, the availability of health insurance, and the attitude to the quality of health service were influencing factors( p < 0.05) . Conclusion The results imply seasonal immigrants have a low utilization rate of physical examination. To improve the availability of health insurance and the quality of health service will be helpful to keep the health of the seasonal immigrants in Sanya .
Informing equitable access to cervical cancer screening in rural Sénégal: a cross-sectional study of uptake determinants
Authors: Dykens Jon Andrew , Thiam Hamidou , Peterson Caryn E. , Hendrix Ellen , Lang Emma Luu Van , Jesus Elly Lou De , Collins Zola , Wang Tianxiu , Ndiaye Youssoupha , Kasse Abdoul Aziz , Faye Adama , Smith Jennifer S. , Fitzgibbon Marian 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Equitable access to women’s health services, including cancer prevention programs, is lacking in many countries. Sénégal ranks 17 th in the world in the age-standardized incidence rate of cervical cancer. The Kédougou region is located in the southeastern corner of Sénégal and has many structural barriers to preventive care, including economic disadvantage, a low literacy rate, and a shortage of healthcare workers. The goal of this study was to investigate the barriers and facilitators of cervical cancer screening uptake in this region. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey of 158 participants, 101 women and 57 men (ages 30 - 59) across nine non-probability-sampled communities located throughout three districts in the Kédougou region of Sénégal from October 2018 through January 2019. We collected demographic information and data on health service utilization, cervical cancer knowledge, and experience of cervical cancer screening. Associations were tested using the Fisher’s Exact test statistic. Results: The majority of our study population speaks one or both of the prevalent local languages, Malinké (62.7%) and Pulaar (59.5%), with fewer Wolof (26.6%) and French (31%) speakers. Among the women in our sample, 84.2% had never been screened for cervical cancer. Among men, 78.9% stated that they have the final say at home regarding healthcare decisions. In contrast, only 16.0% of women made their own healthcare decisions. For those who speak Malinké, 48.0% received services in another language. We found significant gender differences between women and men in the knowledge that a woman is at risk if she has multiple sexual partners (p = 0.010) and that a woman is at increased risk if her partner has multiple sexual partners (p < 0.001). Conclusions: This study demonstrates the critical need to overcome both clinical and informational barriers, as well as structural barriers, to ensure the implementation and sustainment of an equitable health service. In this highly underdeveloped region where workforce challenges are extraordinary, innovative solutions are needed to address these underlying social determinants of health while simultaneously improving quality of care at the point of service. Trial registration: This study is registered on clinicaltrials.gov with the Clinical Trials Study Identifier: NCT03540069
Daurian redstart Phoenicurus auroreus is a host for the common cuckoo Cuculus canorus during the second, but not the first cultch
Authors: Zhang Jinggang , Møller Anders Pape , Yan Denghui , Deng Wenhong 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Coevolution in cavity-nesting host-cuckoo systems may differ from those in open-nesting hosts due to unique conditions in cavity nests. We investigated brood parasitism in Daurian redstarts ( Phoenicurus auroreus ), a regular cavity-nesting host of common cuckoos ( Cuculus canorus ).Results: A total of 15.6% ( n =358) of host nests were parasitized by cuckoos. Cuckoos were highly successful in parasitizing Daurian redstart nests: nearly all cuckoo eggs were laid in the nest cup, and all cuckoo chicks evicted all host offspring. However, egg ejection by Daurian redstarts was egg morph specific, i.e. hosts laying white eggs ejected most real cuckoo eggs, while hosts laying blue eggs did not eject any. In contrast, hosts ejected most mimetic cuckoo eggs. Moreover, most Daurian redstarts moved to nearby villages during the second breeding attempts, where the risk of cuckoo parasitism was reduced. Parasitism only occurred during the second breeding attempt, since cuckoos had not yet arrived at the breeding grounds when hosts started to lay their first clutches, which may indicate a novel and unique anti-parasite defense, advancing breeding time of hosts.Conclusions: Our results suggest that Daurian redstarts suffer from high risk of cuckoo parasitism showing more intense egg ejection while building nests closer to human habitation in the second clutch. This suggests that cavity-nesting hosts may show adaptations to brood parasites that differ from those of open-nesting hosts.
Climatic niche evolution is not slower in threatened species
Authors: Rolland Jonathan , Davies T. Jonathan , Silvestro Daniele , Salamin Nicolas , Schluter Dolph 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Understanding why species go extinct has become a major goal of evolutionary biology. Recent studies have suggested that both species traits and rates of evolution might predict extinction probability in a changing world. Here, we tested whether species conservation status correlates with recent rates of niche evolution within their lineages across 11,465 species of terrestrial vertebrates.Results: We find no consistent association between rates of niche evolution and current IUCN status in birds, mammals, amphibians and squamates. Our results suggest that rates of niche evolution estimated over evolutionary time are a poor predictor of species extinction probability at present time.Conclusions: Our results are consistent with previous studies showing that past rates of evolution are unrelated to how species will adapt to climate change in the future. This mismatch might be explained by the different time scales involved, difficulties in accurately estimating evolutionary rates and extinction risks, or simply the fact that the selective pressures affecting biodiversity are different today than in the past.
Clinicopathological analysis of 55 cases of ossifying fibroma of the jaw
Authors: Wang Ting-Ting , Huang Yong-Song , Xu Jia-Li , Ou Yu-Rong , Zhang Kai 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate 55 cases of ossifying fibroma to analyze their clinical and pathological data. Methods : The clinical data, age, imaging performance, serology and their prognosis of 55 cases were analyzed and also Chi-square Test for statistical analysis were made. Results : The COF took up 70.9%, JPOF took up 20.0%, and JTOF took up 5.5%. 62.5% COF were the females, 75% JPOF concentrated in females, 66.7% JTOF concentrated in males. 66.7% COF located in the mandible. 54.5% JPOF were in the maxilla, in which 4 cases (4/11,36.4%) involved the para-nasal sinus. JTOF mainly concentrated in the mandible (66.7%). 2 cases (3.6%) exhibited multi-lesions. 7 cases (12.7%) were found the level of serum ALP up-regulated, and the up-regulation concentrated in younger patients (0~29 years) ( P <0.05). In radiographic presenting, only 7.3% displayed unclear borderline, and 87.3% exhibited mixed lesions, 7.3% was X-ray transparent, 5.5% was X-ray opaque. 29.1% had thinning bone cortex and 1 cases was found the bone cortex destructed (1/55,1.8%).18.2% OF appeared tooth displacement, and 9.1% displayed the amputated-like absorption of tooth root. 32 cases were followed up, 31.3% underwent conservative treatment suffered relapse, there was significant differences between the conservative and radical treatment ( P <0.05). Conclusions: The main subtype of OF was COF, JPOF and JTOF were relatively less. The majority of sporadic OF was single lesion, multi-lesions were rare. COF occurred with the female predilection in mandible, while JPOF occurred with the female predilection in maxilla; JTOF was the youngest, most occurred in adolescent males in mandible. Tooth displacement was often seen, and the root appeared as an amputated-like resorption. Younger patients were more likely to have elevated ALP. The patients underwent conservative curettage had relatively higher rate of relapse, the lesion should be resected radically to prevent relapse. Keywords: ossifying fibroma, clinical, pathological, jaw
Whole Genome Sequencing in single CTC improves clinical outcome in Her-2 negative breast cancer patients
Authors: Yu Bo , Li Yongping , Yuan Hao , Zhang Bin , Jiang Xiaofei , Yu Minghua , Zhu Hongbo , You Qinghua , Wang Ling 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Tumor tissues are usually highly heterogeneous and difficult to characterize which could mislead treatment strategy. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) represent the most active and invasive tumor cells. This study explored the feasibility of individualized treatment of breast cancer patients based on genome sequencing of single cell CTC. Methods Twenty-four CTCs were identified in three patients with breast cancer. For each patient, one polyploid CTC was captured and on which the whole genome sequencing (WGS) was performed. Based on the histopathological Her-2 status in tumor tissue and the HER2 gene status in WGS results of CTC, we adjusted treatment strategies, and monitored disease progression. Results Patient ID1 and ID2 are Her-2 positive in both primary tumor and HER2 abnormal in the DNA of CTC. In patient ID3, histological examination of primary tumor and liver metastases revealed Her-2 negative, but the WGS analysis of CTC showed that the HER2 gene was amplified and mutated. After adjusting treatment according to the results of CTC sequencing, the liver metastases and pleural effusion were significantly reduced, CTC number and ctDNA burden were decreased. In addition, some potential therapeutic targets and mutations in drug-resistant genes were found. Conclusion The results of CTC sequencing effectively guided treatment of a patient with HER2 gene amplification/mutation in CTC but with Her-2 negative on tumor tissue. CTC sequencing is useful in resolving the heterogeneity of tumors and providing precision medicine for patients.
Research on miRNAs of exosomes’ role on porcine oocyte development by extracted from follicular fluid
Authors: Hu Junhe , Dong Jinyi , Zeng Zhi , Wu Juan , Tan Xiansheng , Tang Tao , Yan Jiao , Jin Chenzhong 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Follicular development is crucial to oocyte maturation in these special surrounds, and the follicular size closely related to oocyte maturation. In order to clarify porcine oocyte maturation molecular mechanism, obtained exosomes miRNAs from porcine follicular fluid (PFF) are sequenced and researched among different follicular size as described in the methods. The results firstly show that PFF exosomes can be successfully isolated, and almost all valid reads of sequencing data of PFF exosomes can be successfully mapped to the porcine genome database. Using hierarchical clustering methods, it secondly finds that significantly expressed miRNAs can also be clustered in A, B C and D groups in heatmap according to different size follicles, which possibly to target mRNAs genes related to porcine oocyte development. Thirdly, through choosing ten significantly expressed miRNAs to predict the targeting genes for further GO analysis, the results show that the expression of neurotransmitter secretion genes changes greatly, and many targeting genes involves in regulation of FSH secretion, which is very closely related to oocyte maturation in growing follicles. Further, taking Pathway analysis for these targeting genes this ten choosing miRNAs, the results show that the pathways mainly related to the biosynthesis pathway of TGF-beta signaling pathway, which is very closely related to reproductive system function. Finally, these miRNAs in PFF EXs may provide a valuable addition about the mechanism of porcine oocyte maturation, which could be chosen as some molecular biomarkers to choose the high-quality oocytes for further porcine embryo production in vitro or transgenic animals research in the future.
Does Early ART Initiation is Better over Later ART Initiation in TB/HIV Co-infected Patients? A Retrospective Cohort Study;
Authors: Desta Desilu Mahari , Atey Tesfay Mehari , Girma Fikermaryam , Tuem Kald Beshir , Gebre Abadi Kahsu , Gidey Hagos , Kahssay Mola , Gebreyesus Hiluf Hindeya , Asgedom Solomon Weldegebreal 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: The co-infection of TB/HIV poses a significant burden in the health care system of developing countries like Ethiopia. There are conflicting results on preference of the time to initiate anti-retroviral therapy (ART) and hence assessing the survival experience and treatment outcomes associated with ART initiation is crucial to settle the controversies. The study compared the treatment outcomes in early versus later ART initiation in TB/HIV co-infected patients. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in Ayder Comprehensive Specialized Hospital and Mekelle Referral Hospital on 77 and 105 patients that started ART early and lately, respectively. An assumption for proportional hazard was met. Kaplan-Meier and life-table analyses were used to compare survival curves; and an independent samples t -test was used to compare means of the continuous variables between the two cohorts. Moreover, incidence per 100 persons-years were employed to crudely determine new morality rates and Cox regression analysis was done to find out the effects of independent variables on the outcome variables. Results: The mean survival time was 5.8 months after ART initiation. A 9.9 and 5.5 new incident mortality rates per 10,000 persons–years for the early and late ART initiation were observed, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in mean CD4 + T cells between early (208.20 ± 11.94 cells/mm 3 ) and late (245.94 ± 11.69 cells/mm 3 ) ART initiators (t 180 = -2.213, p < 0.028). Additionally, late initiators had a better survival chance at all levels of time (Log Rank c 2 =5.56, p <0.018) than early initiators. Having normal body mass index [adjusted hazard ratio [AHR=0.263; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.089–0.778] and having a ‘working’ baseline functional status [AHR=0.151; 95% CI: 0.054–0.427] were found to be preventive factors from death. However, patients with < 250 CD4 + T cells/mm 3 were more likely to die earlier [AHR=12.023; 95%: 1.588–91.005] than their counterpart groups. Conclusion: This study highlights that TB/HIV co-infected patients with moderate immunosuppression who started their ART early had worse outcome than those who started their ART lately. Moreover, body mass index, baseline functional status, and CD4 count were found to be independent predictors of mortality. Keywords: Treatment outcome, early ART initiation, late ART initiation, TB/HIV co-infection
Scenario of the Treatment of Arthritis with Natural Products
Authors: Gallotti Fernanda C.M. , Serafini Mairim R. , Thomazzi Sara M. 
Published: February 2020

Background:
Conventional treatments of arthritis use toxic and poorly tolerated drugs.
Therefore, natural products are an alternative because they are important sources of bioactive substances
with therapeutic potential.

Objective:
To perform synthesis of patent applications associated with the use of natural products
in the technological development of the invention for use in treating arthritis.

Methods:
The search for patents was conducted using the following databases of World Intellectual
Property Organization (WIPO), European Patent Office (EPO, Espacenet), United States Patents
and Trademark Office (USPTO) and National Institute of Intellectual Property (INPI) using as keywords
- arthritis, treatment and the International Patent Classification (IPC) A61K36 / 00.

Results:
A total of 617 patents related to the subject were registered in the period available in patents
databases during the study period from the years 2005 to 2017, of which 44 were analyzed
based on the established inclusion criteria. The most important countries for protecting these inventions
were China, followed by the United States of America, the Republic of Korea and Japan. As
for the typology of depositors, that were identified by Educational Institutions and Public Institutes
of Research (IEIPP) and Companies and Private Research Institutes (EIPP).

Conclusion:
The analysis of patents made it possible to characterize the natural products used in
the treatment of arthritis, with emphasis on botanical extracts (71%), as a single component, as
well as in association with other botanical extracts, isolated compounds and minerals.