bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic diversity and footprint of the Ethiopian cattle population, and the application of molecular information on sustainable cattle genetic improvement: Opportunities, challenges, and future directions in Ethiopia. A comprehensive review
Authors: Goshme Shenkute , Dadi Hailu 
Published: December 2024

AbstractEthiopia has over 70 million cattle, and about 97.4% of the total cattle in the country are local breeds. The remaining are hybrid and exotic breeds, which account for about 2.3% and 0.31%, respectively. The genetic diversity and genomic footprint of Ethiopian cattle populations represent a valuable reservoir of biodiversity with profound implications for sustainable agriculture and food security. The application of molecular information in sustainable cattle breeding improvement presents significant opportunities for Ethiopia's livestock sector. The review explores the genetic diversity, genomic footprint, potential benefits, challenges, and future directions associated with integrating molecular technologies into cattle breeding programs in the country. Molecular tools, such as genomics and marker‐assisted selection, enable the identification and utilization of genetic variation related to desirable traits, including productivity, disease resistance, and adaptation to changing climatic conditions. By utilizing these tools, Ethiopian breeders can accelerate genetic progress, enhance the resilience of cattle populations to climate change, and improve overall productivity. However, several challenges must be addressed to effectively harness the benefits of molecular technologies. These challenges include limited infrastructure and resources for genomic research, inadequate data on cattle genetics and performance, and the need for capacity building among stakeholders involved in breeding programs. By incorporating genetic markers associated with important traits, breeders can identify superior animals at an early age, accelerating genetic progress within the population. Integration of this technology with traditional breeding practices and the identification of selection signatures can lead to more sustainable and effective breeding strategies. In conclusion, the application of molecular information in sustainable cattle breeding improvement offers promising opportunities for Ethiopia's livestock sector. By investing in genomic research, building collaborations, and implementing comprehensive breeding programs, Ethiopia can harness the full potential of molecular technologies to enhance cattle productivity.
Yearly Trends and In‐Hospital Outcomes of Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Mitral Valve‐In‐Valve Replacement in Prosthetic Valve Dysfunction
Authors: Jamshed Aneeza , Gajjar Rohan , Vardar Ufuk , Abbasi Ayesha , Karki Sadichhya , Kumi Dennis , Kumar Manoj , Aziz Imran , Bello Jeremiah , Dhar Gaurav , Jolly Neeraj , Vij Aviral 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionTranscatheter mitral valve‐in‐valve replacement (TMVR ViV) is becoming a favorable, less invasive procedure among high‐risk patients to manage mitral valve dysfunction. We aimed to investigate the trends of the predictors and outcomes of the procedure.MethodsThe national inpatient sample databases of 2016−2020 were analyzed using STATA 17 software and ICD‐10 codes for TMVR ViV, with stratification for mitral stenosis (MS) or Mitral regurgitation (MR) as etiology for prosthetic valve dysfunction. The primary outcome was inpatient mortality, whereas myocardial infarction and stroke were secondary outcomes.ResultsOver the 5 years, a total of 5233 patients with TMVR ViV were found, exhibiting a yearly increase of procedural volume from 490 in 2016 to 1400 patients in 2020 and decreasing odds for inpatient mortality (aOR 0.74, p = 0.53 in 2017 to aOR: 0.33, p < 0.04 in 2020). Myocardial infarction was significantly lower with TMVR ViV over the years and with similar odds of stroke post‐operatively. There was a decreasing trend of length of stay over the years. Upon stratification, 635 patients were found to have MR with a prosthetic valve (MRPV), and 50 had MS with a prosthetic valve (MSPV). Among those who underwent TMVR ViV, in‐hospital mortality was recorded in 30 (4%) patients of MRPV and 15 (30%) patients of MSPV (p = 0.002), with significantly higher odds for the MSPV group than MRPV.ConclusionThe continued decline in short‐term mortality and length of stay, with the progressive incorporation of more patients, gives real‐world evidence for the safety and efficacy of TMVR ViV. Extended post‐procedure follow‐up studies are required to investigate long‐term procedural benefits and to explore factors causing higher mortality in the MSPV population.
Value‐added pancakes: Incorporation of whole wheat, buckwheat, quinoa, and proso millet flour into pancakes and their effect on product quality
Authors: Nalbandian Elizabeth , Park Daun , Camerino Natalie , Ganjyal Girish M. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesEffects of the physicochemical properties of buckwheat flour (BKF), quinoa flour (QF), proso millet flour (PMF), and whole wheat flour (WWF) were evaluated in a pancake product made with unbleached fine wheat pastry flour (FWF). Pancakes were formulated with 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% (w/w) substitution levels. FWF was used as the control.FindingsThe flours varied in composition, affecting their functional properties. BKF was characterized by high total dietary fiber (TDF), FWF had the highest starch content, WWF had the highest protein content, and PMF had the highest peak and onset temperature. The influential functional properties on pancake quality were the content of TDF and insoluble dietary fiber, as well as the water and oil holding capacity. Due to the rapid cooking time in pancakes, the PMF starch did not gelatinize adequately, likely due to the amylose content or shape and size of the starch, resulting in a low‐hardness pancake without a continuous matrix. When a pancake was prepared with partial pregelatinized PMF, the pancake had a continuous matrix.ConclusionBK, QF, and WWF can be incorporated into pancake formulations without flour modification. PMF must be modified before usage in a pancake application to ensure that a continuous matrix is formed.Significance and NoveltyThis research sheds light on the importance of considering the functional properties of alternative grains in baked product formulations. Nonetheless, further information was found on PMF starch gelatinization in pancake applications.
Custom‐made 3D printed subperiosteal implant for restoration of severe atrophic jaw: A case report
Authors: Nedelcu Luminita , Sirbu Ioan , Sirbu Valentin Daniel , Custura Andreea Mihaela , Radu Adelin , Nastasie Vladimir 
Published: December 2024

Key Clinical MessageDigital technology significantly enhances subperiosteal implantology by enabling precise presurgical planning based on CBCT scans. This technology reduces patient trauma and ensures optimal implant fit, presenting a promising alternative to traditional analogue methods.AbstractIn the last decades, significant progress has been made in oral implantology, particularly with endosseous implants, primarily due to advancements brought about by the digital revolution. Although their versatility and predictability have been well‐documented through clinical studies and follow‐ups (J Periodontol, 2005; 769: 1623), endosseous implants have certain limitations from the patients' perspectives, such as general health status, bone availability, and lengthy osseointegration times. Researchers have reported that well‐designed subperiosteal implants function successfully for many years and are a viable alternative to endosseous implants. The analogue method of inserting subperiosteal implants has been extensively discussed and utilized, and it represents a well‐defined protocol (Int J Sci Res, 2016; 5: 98). However, the surgical step, which involves taking an impression of the residual bone, posed challenges for clinicians. These challenges included more significant trauma to the patient, who had to undergo two surgical interventions instead of one (first for the bone impression and second for the implant insertion) and the risk of implant misfit due to the contraction of the impression material. Digital technology addresses these issues by allowing clinicians to design the implant based on the patient's Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) scan long before surgery. This case report reviews the design characteristics of 3D‐printed superiosteal implants, outlines the step‐by‐step procedure, and highlights the specific features compared to the analogue method. It also discusses the anatomy of the areas where the implants rest in the maxillae based on recent research performed in Romania in collaboration with AB Dental International (J Oral Implantol, 2003; 29: 189).
Simplifying Implant Planning and Placement in the Fully Edentulous Arch With In‐Office Guide Fabrication
Authors: Meitner Sean W. , Oster Charles M. , Kurtzman Gregori M. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTA geometric approach is presented that allows in‐office planning with linear and angle corrections and surgical guide fabrication, simplifying the process when treating a fully edentulous arch.
A Comprehensive Review on Red Mud‐Based Catalysts: Modification Methods and Applications in Thermal‐ and Photocatalysis
Authors: Sekizkardeş Büşra , Soyer‐Uzun Sezen , Uzun Alper , Kuhn Simon , Kaya‐Özkiper Kardelen , Kurtoğlu‐Öztulum Samira F. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractRed mud (RM), waste of the Bayer process for aluminum production, is mostly stored in landfill areas, creating serious environmental and economic problems. It offers substantial potential for catalytic applications, primarily because of its cost efficiency and rich chemical composition, including Fe, Si, Al, and Ti oxides. Using RM as a catalyst not only contributes to environmental protection but also offers economic advantages as it can potentially reduce the reliance on expensive noble metals typically used in solid catalyst formulations. RM is predominantly used in thermal‐ and photocatalysis, serving as a bulk catalyst, support material, promoter, additive, or as a host material for heterojunction catalysts. Before use, RM is generally modified to enhance its textural properties and tailor its composition. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the utilization of RM in catalytic applications. The structural changes resulting from various pretreatments and their impact on catalytic properties are discussed. Key thermal‐ and photocatalytic reactions involving RM‐based catalysts are presented to highlight their industrial and environmental significance. Potential pathways for further optimization of RM‐based catalysts are also proposed, offering a broad perspective on future directions in the field.
Bioinspired Synthesis of (−)‐Hunterine A: Deciphering the Key Step in the Biogenetic Pathway
Authors: Zsigulics Bálint , Angyal Péter , Mészáros Bence Balázs , Daru János , Varga Szilárd , Soós Tibor 
Published: December 2024

AbstractA concise, bioinspired, and enantioselective synthesis of (−)‐hunterine A, an odd 6/7/6/6/5 pentacyclic natural product, is described. The key step in the synthesis of this complex structure is an interim‐template directed 6‐exo selective epoxide ring‐opening reaction, which is interwoven with a hydrolysis step of the indolenine hemiaminal template to create the unusual 7‐membered azepine bridge motif. Our work not only refines the previously proposed biogenetic pathway, but also reveals the possible stereochemical prerequisite of the unique skeletal rearrangement, which provides a vantage point for understanding how (−)‐hunterine A is likely to be generated in nature.
Incidence Rate and Predictors of Intracranial Hemorrhage in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: A Report From the Nationwide COOL‐AF Registry
Authors: Krittayaphong Rungroj , Ratanasumawong Kasem , Methavigul Komsing , Wongvipaporn Chaiyasith , Lip Gregory Y. H. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundSpecific risk predictor scores of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) risk in Asian subjects are lacking. We determined the incidence rate and predictors of ICH in patients with non‐valvular atrial fibrillation (AF).MethodsA prospective nationwide registry of patients with AF was conducted from 27 hospitals in Thailand. The adjudicated primary outcome was the development of ICH during follow‐up. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard model was performed to identify the independent predictors for ICH. A predictive model for ICH risk was developed and validated by bootstrap, calibration plot, C‐statistics, and decision curve analysis using our own data.ResultsWe studied a total of 3405 patients (mean age 67.8 years; 58.2% male) with an average follow‐up duration of 31.8 ± 8.7 months, during which ICH developed in 70 patients (2.06%). The incidence rate of ICH was 0.78 (0.61−0.98) per 100 person‐years. Predictors of ICH were chosen from the theory‐driven approaches in combination with the results of the univariable analysis. The predictive risk model had a c‐index of 0.717 (0.702−0.732) with good calibration, internal validation, and clinical usefulness using decision curve analysis. The probability of ICH at 3 years for an individual patient derived from the prediction model was compared with the probability derived from HAS‐BLED score by using the C‐statistics. The ICH probability from the COOL‐AF model was superior to the HAS‐BLED score in the prediction of ICH.ConclusionThe incidence rate of ICH was 0.78 (0.61−0.98) per 100 person‐years. Predictors of ICH were older age, male sex, nonsmoking, renal replacement therapy, and use of oral anticoagulants.
Cognitive impairment in patients with melanoma before adjuvant immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy and associations with brain gray matter, catechol‐O‐methyltransferase genotype, and psychological factors
Authors: Danielsen Josefine T. , Zachariae Robert , Schmidt Henrik , Kallehauge Jesper F. , Thomadsen Julie K. , Wefel Jeffrey S. , Wu Lisa M. , Amidi Ali 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundCancer‐related cognitive impairment (CRCI) is a significant concern in patients with cancer but understanding its prevalence and risk factors in patients with malignant melanoma (MMPs) remains limited. This study explores CRCI via a multifaceted approach integrating neurobiological, genetic, and psychological assessments.MethodsCognitive functioning across multiple domains was assessed via neuropsychological tests in 47 MMPs before adjuvant immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy, compared with 53 matched healthy controls (HCs). Self‐reported cognitive complaints, brain gray matter (GM) properties, catechol‐O‐methyltransferase (COMT) genotype, and psychological and behavioral factors were evaluated. Between‐group differences were analyzed with t‐tests and χ2 tests, and associations were explored with correlation analyses. GM properties were assessed in a subset of 23 MMPs and 47 HCs.ResultsMMPs exhibited significantly lower cognitive functioning across multiple tests (all p < .05), with a high CRCI prevalence (68.1% vs. 26.4% in HCs). MMPs reported higher fatigue, anxiety, and insomnia severity and poorer sleep quality and quality of life (all p < .01). Self‐reported cognitive complaints in MMPs were associated with some cognitive test scores (all p < .05), fatigue (p < .001), and anxiety (p = .045). GM analyses revealed a smaller left cuneus volume in MMPs and significant associations between MMPs' processing speed and cortical thickness (right precentral and left inferior parietal regions) and between delayed verbal memory and right postcentral GM volume (all p < .01).ConclusionsThese findings underscore the need for comprehensive assessments in MMPs to better understand and address CRCI. A multifaceted approach would provide valuable insights that could inform future interventions and improve patient outcomes and quality of life.
Skeletal and Dental Effects of Forsus Fatigue Resistance Device Versus Twin Block Appliance for Class II Malocclusion Treatment in Growing Patients: A Systematic Review
Authors: Jeha Bahaa Aldeen , Haddad Rania 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveThis study systematically searched the literature and assessed the available evidence to compare the efficacy of Forsus Fatigue Resistance Device (FRD) versus Twin Block Appliance (TBA) in treating class II malocclusion.Material and MethodsThe search for published literature was published up to May 28, 2024. The databases were included in the search: MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Oral Trials Register, Tripe, Web of Science, and Scopus. Additionally, unpublished literature was searched on ClinicalTrials.gov, the National Research Register, and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses. All eligible studies were carefully reviewed and two reviewers independently extracted data. In cases of disagreement, an arbiter was consulted for resolution.ResultsTwo randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and five non‐RCTs were included in this review. The total number of patients included in the studies examining SNA, SNB, and ANB was 254. The studies also looked at the variables Go‐Gn, L1‐ML, and U1‐SN, with 279, 205, and 277 patients included for each variable, respectively. According to the evidence reported, TBA showed greater skeletal effects in terms of mandibular length and advancement. The pooled estimate revealed a statistically significant 1.3° increase in the SNB, and a decrease of −1.34° in the ANB angles for patients treated with TBA compared with those treated with FRD, with no statistically significant differences in the SNA angle. Most studies had a moderate risk of bias, while only two studies had a high risk of bias.ConclusionFRD has been proven to be an effective treatment device for correcting ANB and restricting SNA angle, similar to TBA. However, TBA appears to offer better mandibular length and SNB outcomes.
Optimum legume proportion for plant and animal production in a subtropical grassland
Authors: Caram Nicolas , Sollenberger Lynn E. , Wallau Marcelo O. , Dubeux Jose C. B. , DiLorenzo Nicolas 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIntegrating legumes into grass pastures is an alternative to nitrogen (N) fertilizer for improving productive, economic, and environmental performance of grazing systems. However, optimal legume proportion for maximizing resource‐use efficiency in mixed pastures is seldom considered. Here, we studied the effect of rhizoma peanut (Arachis glabrata Benth.) proportion in bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum Flügge) pastures on herbage accumulation and nutritive value, cattle selectivity, and animal gain using a Bayesian probabilistic approach for 2 years. Two 0.5‐ha bahiagrass monoculture pastures receiving no N fertilizer and six 0.5‐ha bahiagrass‐rhizoma peanut pastures (16.5%–49.2% legume) were continuously stocked at a herbage allowance of 1.5 kg dry matter (DM) kg−1 animal live weight. Regressing plant and animal production on legume proportion in the pasture, we found that responses increased non‐linearly and were maximized at ∼40% legume. Herbage accumulation was maximized at 39% legume, being 173% greater than the bahiagrass monoculture (9.0 vs. 3.3 Mg ha−1 DM). At 39% legume, herbage in vitro digestible organic matter and crude protein concentrations were 543 and 136 g kg−1, respectively, 43% and 84% greater than at 0% legume (381 and 74 g kg−1, respectively), and legume in cattle diets was 20 percentage units greater than offered. These data explain in part why average daily gain and gain per hectare were maximized at ∼36% legume, being 108% (604 vs. 290 g day−1) and 127% greater (350 vs. 154 kg LW ha−1) than for animals grazing the monoculture. In conclusion, legume proportions of 30%–40% maximized plant and animal production of this subtropical grassland.
Discrimination and Harassment in the Workplace: The Lived Experiences of Singaporean LGBTQ+ Individuals
Authors: Ng Wen Zhi , Yang Daryl W. J. , Sim Deryne , Ubalde Jhermayne , Conron Kerith , Tan Rayner Kay Jin 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTFostering diversity and inclusivity in the workplace is crucial for staying competitive, yet discrimination and harassment based on sexual orientation and gender identity or expression (SOGIE) remains prevalent. This study aims to investigate experiences of workplace discrimination and harassment among LGBTQ+ individuals in Singapore to inform policy discussions about extending protections to LGBTQ+ workers under the forthcoming Workplace Fairness Legislation. Through an exploratory cross‐sectional survey conducted across March 2023 to August 2023, data were collected from 409 Singaporeans SOGIE minorities between 18 and 85 years old who had ever been employed in Singapore. Statistical analysis was carried out using statistical software STATA version 18, where bivariable (Pearson's chi‐square tests) and multivariable (logistic regression and multivariable linear regression) techniques were used. Over half of participants (n = 208, 50.85%) experienced some form of workplace discrimination or harassment. In multivariable analyses, compared to their Chinese counterparts, Malay participants were more likely to experience discrimination (adjusted Odds Ratio [aOR] = 2.51, confidence interval [CI] 1.05, 5.96) and Indian participants were more likely to experience harassment (aOR = 3.22, CI = 1.39, 7.49). Transgender (aOR = 5.71, CI = 2.25, 14.54) and gender‐diverse (aOR = 3.33, CI = 1.80, 6.16) participants had higher odds of experiencing discrimination or harassment compared to cisgender participants. Empirical studies have shown that legislation is effective in reducing prejudice and discrimination, as well as improving sentiment toward the LGBTQ+ community. In the absence of national legislation, consistently applied company policies are also able to reduce perceived discrimination and improve work attitudes among LGBTQ+ employees. Furthermore, fostering an inclusive culture that is embraced at all levels of the organization has been discovered to be a key tool in creating a supportive workplace environment. Overall, a comprehensive approach that integrates national legislation, supportive company policies, and cultural change would have an enormous impact on the many LGBTQ+ Singaporeans who experience workplace discrimination and harassment.
Structure‐Property Studies of Niobium (N‐Heterocyclic) Carbene Complexes
Authors: Eissler Mark , Shen Fuxing , Rajamoni Jagan , Holmes Stephen M. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe structures and magnetic properties of four paramagnetic bis(carbene)niobium and a diamagnetic monocarbene complex are described. Crystallographic studies show solvated crystals of NbCl4(IMes)2 (1 ⋅ C7H7), NbCl3(IMes)2 (2 ⋅ Et2O and 2 ⋅ C5H12), and NbOCl2(IMes)2 (3 ⋅ Et2O) adopt distorted structures consistent with second‐order Jahn‐Teller carbene‐halide interactions. Magnetic studies indicate 1–3 display appreciable temperature‐independent paramagnetism contributions to their S=1/2, 1, and 1/2 spin ground states, respectively. Slow magnetization relaxation dynamics are seen below ca. 6 and 50 K, which are ascribed as arising from Raman and direct/Raman pathways for 1 and 3, respectively.