bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the water absorption capacity of reed for use in eco-friendly filters
Authors: Milyaeva A V , Shchukina T V , Kasatkina I I 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Reed is able to absorb water, a quality that enables using it as a cartridge filler in eco-friendly filters to address the contamination of waterbodies. Aside from capturing harmful substances and pathogens, such filters actively absorb water. As the filtering medium becomes saturated with a fluid, its absorption capacity degrades, which is why one needs to know the saturation rates if the water purification process is to be effective. This knowledge helps find out how frequently the cartridge filler must be replaced. Absorption rates were sufficient for purification for three hours as shown by experimental laboratory tests using reeds ground to a variety of specific particle sizes without additional processing that would modify its structure physically and chemically. This indicates that cartridges have to be refilled with a new biosorbent at least twice over the daily period of bacterial activity observable from 10 am to 4 pm during daylight hours.
Reliability method for the gas distribution networks
Authors: Medvedeva O N , Chilikin A Yu 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
One of the main tasks of the functioning (operation) of gas distribution and gas consumption systems is safe and uninterrupted gas supply to consumers, decrease operating costs, labour costs and increase economic efficiency. The article describes the experience of technical diagnostics of gas distribution networks. A non-destructive defect analysis was performed. Conclusions have been drawn on the nature of the defects detected. The problem of dangerous defects is indicated. Methods of non-destructive testing, which are most often used during technical diagnostics and industrial safety examination are presented. Work was carried out on the selection of X-ray control modes on the most common diameters of pipes for the gas networks, the selection of materials and equipment necessary for X-ray control. Analysis of the obtained X-ray images showed that the use of the selected control scheme and the applied F8 film type gives full compliance with the criteria of detectability for localization and visualization of the presence or absence of defects in the welded joint.
Study of factors affecting the reliability and efficiency of the heat supply system
Authors: Gorshkalev P A , Chernosvitov M D , Porshina E G 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The paper describes the history of creating the concept of a sanitary protection zone (SPZ) designed for population protection from the negative impact of industrial enterprises. It proposes a classification SPZs by their size and develops an approach to calculating a hazard class of industrial enterprises over time. It also describes the procedure of establishing a SPZ in accordance with current legislation applicable to all production facilities, including water supply community facilities. The research considers problems of establishing SPZs for wastewater disposal organizations (WDO) located in historical building developments, as well as for water supply and sanitation facilities where reconstruction is planned. The paper reveals the shortage of a regulatory and procedural framework for calculating emissions from WDO facilities, using the example of a specific structure.
Geotechnical risk assessment during the construction of international crossing under the runways of Sheremetyevo airport
Authors: Polyankin A G , Potokina A , Kulikova E Yu 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The surrounding buildings, topographical, engineering-geological and hydrogeological conditions of the construction site area are factors of potential geotechnical risks and influence the occurrence of emergencies during the building of underground structures. It is irrefutable fact, that while the development of the underground space of cities due attention is not given to geotechnical risks, considering only issues related to economic damage. In addition, there is no comprehensive risk control methodology for the construction of complex multifunctional facilities. In order to prevent the risk of accidents, during the construction of the Inter-terminal transition under the runways of Sheremetyevo Airport in Moscow method of geotechnical risk control was developed, which proved to be an effective method in the prevention of accidents during construction. Recommendations were developed to reduce the level of risk at the considered facility, including verification calculations carried out by an independent organization in a certified geotechnical software package; geophysical surveys of runway foundation; filling voids before sinking under the runway; exploratory drilling and geophysical surveys before sinking hazardous areas.
Consolidation of rocks in chamber workings and tunnels during the construction of underground hydroelectric power plants
Authors: Yatimov U A , Yatimov A J , Yatimov T A 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The article discusses the possibility of using reinforced cementation of rocks in order to consolidate the rock mass around underground workings and prevent water filtration into the turbine room and underground transformer room and tunnels of the Rogun HPP based on the experience of using this method in the construction of underground structures of the Kariba (Rhodesia) and Roselan-Bati HPPs (France). In recent years, comprehensive studies of rock masses containing the main underground structures of the Rogun HPP made it possible to clarify the current state of these masses and update the characteristics of their elastic and deformation strength properties obtained at the technical design stage. The results of the performed calculations testify to the normal operation of the anti-seepage circuit of the dam and indicate high efficiency of the drainage system of the pressure head unit.
Possibilities of computer-aided design of flange connections in pipe fittings based on the nanoCAD Mechanics graphic editor
Authors: Kuvshinov N S 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The article discusses the possibilities of using the nanoCAD Mechanics editor, developed by the Russian company Nanosoft JSC (www.nanocad.ru), for the automated design of pipeline sections with threaded flange connections. It is shown that for solving the problems in computer-aided design, there are various tools presented in the ribbon interface of the program. Such tools include the Standard command from the Standard group on the Mechanics tab, which opens the Select Parts dialog box. In the Select Parts dialog box, a functional panel of the Element Base is built-in, including: folders Pipeline fittings and Welded pipelines; dropdown catalogs Flanges, Gaskets and Pipes with element sizes that comply with ESKD standards. On the “Mechanics” tab, the Bolt connection tool from the Design group with the Mounting Details dialog box included in it is used, after calling it and specifying the start and end points of the connection, the Mounting Details dialog box opens. The last lists show bolts made according to ESKD standards. Insertion of flanges, gaskets, bends, pipes and bolt joints and their automated selection are carried out by left-clicking and selecting parameters in the corresponding dialog boxes.
Usage of receptor (voxel) geometric models in the tasks of evaluating the ergonomics of engineering equipment of building structures
Authors: Tun Ye Win , Markin L V 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The article considers the task of automated layout of engineering equipment in construction (mechanical, electromechanical, climatic and other auxiliary equipment of civil and industrial buildings). As part of this task, the issue of ensuring the ergonomics of the layout is investigated, by which we mean the possibility of delivery of installation tools to their places of use and the availability of sufficient space for their work. A new approach is proposed, in which the tool trajectory is formed from the initial position to the point of use, as well as the space required for installation operations. The set of instantaneous positions of a movable tool is modeled as a solid object that composes in a scene. The efficiency of using receptor (voxel) geometric models for this purpose is shown. They allow not only to easily determine cases of their mutual intersection, but also to form intelligent layout algorithms. The possibilities of using 6 digit receptor models are shown, which facilitates the analysis of the layout situation, the use of receptor models to determine the shortest distances to obstacles and the output parameters of the trajectory formation program in C #. The effectiveness of the developed model for evaluating ergonomics.
Features of urban greening for people with visual impairment in Vladivostok
Authors: Kopeva A , Khrapko O , Maslovskaia O 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The creation of an urban environment designed taking into account the needs of people with disabilities is currently one of the priority areas of state, social and urban planning policy, the practical results of which are aimed at ensuring equal opportunities with other citizens in various fields of work, life, and leisure. The objective is to identify the features of greening for blind and visually impaired people in the conditions of the city of Vladivostok. To achieve the goal, it is necessary to solve the following problems: to determine the assortment of ornamental plants and to identify compositional techniques of landscape design that ensure the possible use of non-visual receptors (auditory, olfactory, tactile, etc.) by blind people, and also, enhance the impact on the visual perception of the visually impaired when they orient in the environment. As a result of the study, the assortments of ornamental plants and compositional methods of greening for the conditions of the city of Vladivostok were identified, which facilitate the orientation of blind and visually impaired people in an urban environment and allow the formation of an accessible environment for people with visual impairments.
Determining the degree of degradation of a historical and architectural object: Assessment Scale
Authors: Bystrova T Yu 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The author’s definition of the degradation of a historical and architectural object is derived in the article, taking into account the change in the paradigm of working with heritage and strengthening the humanitarian component in it. The degradation of a historical and architectural object is interpreted as the loss of its function and meaning for the people and the territory on which this object is located, caused by an underestimation of its value and socio-economic and cultural potential. Understanding the subjective components of degradation leads to the conclusion about the possibility of specialists’ working with public opinion, and involving residents in project activities. Examples of the work of architects with degrading architectural objects are shown. The criteria for evaluating such objects that help to make reasoned professional decisions on working with objects of historical and architectural heritage are derived.
A barrier-free urban space as an indicator of exercising the right to the city by individuals with disabilities
Authors: Abramova S B , Antonova N L , Gurarii A D 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This article looks at urban space through the lens of reimagining the status of individuals with disabilities as people with health issues. Today, they are viewed as a social group who claims their right to the city and to barrier-free urban space, and who is characterized by social interaction. The paper argues for an urgent need of creating universal inclusive spaces and specific areas on the city map which would address special needs of individuals with different forms of disability. The results of a survey of individuals with disabilities, residing in the City of Yekaterinburg and Sverdlovsk Region, as well as expert interviews with representatives of local and regional authorities, indicate that the public bodies are aware of the needs of individuals with disabilities and making attempts to address the requests of this group. The respondents identified the following key problem areas: difficulties of moving around the city, a lack of barrier-free access into buildings, and a lack of sanitary facilities in the visited organizations.
Study of the dependence of city development indicators from urban form
Authors: Zuev A Yu , Parygin D S , Sadovnikova N P 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Urban form is an important object of the decision-making process in urban planning. Indicators of spatial characteristics appear in the regulatory acts of the Russian Federation. In today’s fast-paced world, the infrastructure that used to be acceptable becomes inappropriate over time, and adaptation by trial and error often leads to negative consequences. This study is part of a major effort to understand how the urban form affects the development of the city. The study of five significant spatial indicators and four important development indicators on the data of the fourteen largest cities in Russia did not reveal an essential correlation among the analyzed indicators. Nevertheless, the demostered direction in understanding the laws of the spatial development of the city can help in making decisions on the transformation of the urban environment and will give a new impetus to creating comfortable living conditions.
Methodology for assessing quality of urban park functional zoning by factors affecting park environment comfortability
Authors: Silin R V , Kasyanov V F 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The decision made by the architect on the location of recreational areas on the park layout can subsequently have a significant impact on people’s comfort and is one of the conditions for the high level of park attendance and visitor satisfaction. However, since each factor affecting comfortability of the environment manifests differently in different parts of the park, it is quite difficult to take into account and not leave out every factor affecting comfort at the design phase. The aim of this study is to develop a methodology that can be used for quantitative assessment of the quality of functional zoning in existing urban parks, to provide a more complete account of sanitation and hygiene, ergonomic, morphological and natural factors affecting the park environment comfortability. This goal is achieved by building planograms which reflect the impact of each factor on the park grounds and their subsequent summation in accordance with the requirements for location of each functional zone of the park set by the designer. The methodology proposed in this paper was used to assess the quality of the existing functional zoning in the Lida town park.
Architectural structures for the formation of vertical landscaping of buildings
Authors: Dorozhkina E 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
“Green architecture” is becoming more widespread all over the world. This is largely due to the need to improve the environmental quality of urban development. Often for the purpose of greening resort to greening the building surfaces, including vertical or having a significant slope. This article is devoted to the study of issues of landscaping vertical surfaces of buildings. The research is aimed at identifying technical features of designing elements of vertical gardening. The subject of the study is architectural structures for the formation of landscaping. We study their potential in the formation of objects of “green architecture”. The main method of research is to study the normative and scientific basis for designing vertical gardening. An analysis of existing experience in the design of fotofashion. Scientific novelty consists in systematization of applied design and engineering solutions. As a result of the research, 2 types of vertical gardening solutions were identified: green facades and green walls. Considered forming capabilities of the types of constructive solutions to fotofashion.
Font as a category of aesthetics and a means of communication in design, art, architecture
Authors: Chernyh D G , Raspopova N V 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The article briefly describes the history of Old Russian writing in the context of the development of European type culture. The article analyzes the influence of material, technology, features of type design and the level of socio-economic development on the evolution of Cyrillic writing. There is an overview of the development of styles of handwritten writing in Russia from the XI-XVIII centuries till the reform of Peter I. The problem of coexistence and mutual influence of different types of arts within the same style is touched upon on the example of architecture, literature and book graphics. The conclusion is made about the influence of calligraphy on the formation of aesthetic taste, on the ability to solve educational and upbringing tasks, its role, as an ethno-cultural marker.
Influence of water quality on the autoclave leaching process (on the example of the Bereznyakovsky gold recovery factory)
Authors: Rasskasova N S , Belov S A 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
For the first time this article provides a benchmarking analysis of water consumption while using modern technologies of gold recovery from ore; the best ore-processing technology for refractory sulphide ores is identified; and recommendations are given on water and energy saving in the process of autoclave leaching. The authors found that the most efficient technologies for extracting gold for certain geological conditions (gold is embedded in a complex mineral) are: autoclave leaching and bacterial oxidation. They allow you to save water resources, especially if these technologies use mills. The authors give recommendations for using the combined method. The calculation of surface runoff from the sites of the gold processing plant showed that using them, you can save from 3 to 8 percent of the make-up water.
The current state of forest stands under anthropogenic impacts on the example of the Orenburg Urals
Authors: Kalyakina R G , Filippova A V , Ryabukhina M V 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The article presents the results of monitoring the state of forest stands in the Orenburg region. The proportion of planted areas with impaired and lost resistance is significant. The main reasons for the weakening and death of forests were forest fires (71.1%), adverse weather conditions and soil and climatic factors (11.9%), as well as forest diseases (9.4%). The dry climate and intense anthropogenic impacts bring forest fires to a dominant position in the loss of forest stands in the Orenburg region as a whole. An analysis of the forest fire data of the region shows that the frequency of fires is on average 10 cases per 100 ha of forests per year; the maximum number of fires is 25, and the largest area covered by the fire is up to 450 ha (2010). Recommendations are given on preventing anthropogenic impact on the soil and vegetation cover of forest cenoses of the Orenburg region. One of the main sources of anthropogenic impact on forest ecosystems is mining. The complex impact of oil and gas production and refining processes will be manifested for a long time.
Assessment of occupational risks in the aircraft industry
Authors: Ryabchikova I A , Petyukova A V 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The aircraft industry of Russia is one of the most important high-tech and knowledge-intensive branches of machine building. About 150 thousand employees work at aircraft manufacturing enterprises. Their working conditions do not meet sanitary and hygienic requirements. The research purpose is to compare professional risks for workers of the aircraft industry on the example of the aircraft plant in Ulan-Ude (Buryatia). The research object is Ulan-Ude Aviation Plant, which is the largest enterprise in the Republic of Buryatia. It is part of the Russian Helicopters Company belonging to the RosTech Company. The risk of occupational diseases is determined by chemical factors, severity of the labor process, industrial noise. All the professions are at risk. For gluemen, locksmiths, and riveters, the level of an occupational risk is high. For sealants and tightness testers, the risk is low. To reduce the professional risk, it is necessary to modernize production, replace obsolete equipment, and implement modern technologies.
Methodology for studying the corrosion of material of oil pipelines operating in marshy soil
Authors: Latypov O R , Tyusenkov A S 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The main reason for the operation of oil pipelines is the corrosion of their materials. As a result of corrosion, the destruction of the pipeline, contributing to the leakage of oil, which pollutes the environment, accidents and disasters. The most corrosive areas are areas of high humidity, for example: swamps. In the Russian Federation, about 30 % of the transport network of oil pipelines passes through swampy soil. As the materials of oil pipelines, pipe steels are used, for example Steel of type 3 or 09Mn2Si. The article describes a method for studying the corrosion rate of pipe steels on a laboratory bench that simulates their operation in marshy soil. A comparison is made of the corrosion mechanisms of 09Mn2Si and Steel of type 3 steels in soils with a high content of hydrogen sulfide and the presence of microorganisms by empirical tests based on the above method. The results of gravimetric tests were evaluated and the conclusions were discussed.
Principles and basic provisions for a system for assessing the ecological potential of the modern ecosystem
Authors: Selyutina L , Pesotskaya E , Chernykh A 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The article deals with current environmental components of the problem of development of the territory (region) as a modern ecosystem. The peculiarities of forming the ecological potential of the territory are characterized. Special attention is paid to the research of terminological problems and the applied conceptual apparatus. Methodological principles providing formation of integral, logically verified methodology of assessment of ecological potential of the territory in modern conditions of development were formulated. The author’s approach to developing methodological bases for assessing the environmental situation in the territory is described.
Study of the separation of mineral phases of Waelz clinker for its disposal
Authors: Orehkova N N , Gorlova O E , Glagoleva I V 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The article presents the results of technological studies on the enrichment of a sample of Waelz clinker from zinc cakes from the Chelyabinsk Zinc Plant by magnetic and flotation methods. The phase and chemical composition of the Waelz clinker of various enterprises is considered, the analysis of the main components of the clinker is carried out. Clinker is a large tonnage solid waste of the zinc sub-industry of non-ferrous metallurgy, has a complex multicomponent composition and is characterized by high contents of iron (36.41%), non-ferrous (Cu 5.28%, Zn 0.93%) and noble (Au 3.8 g / t, Ag 332.2 g / t) metals. Apart from that, there is noticeable content of waste rock, including free carbon (coke breeze), silicone dioxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, alumina. It is shown that, in principle, Waelz-clinker can be separated according to the magnetic flotation scheme without recycle operations to produce four products: a non-magnetic carbon-containing product βC = 21.7%), copper middlings βCu = 11.39-11.69%), flotation coal product βC = 22%) and an iron-containing concentrate in the form of flotation tailings βFe = 60.23%).