bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of an Application to Verify Classroom Acoustic Recommendations for Children Who Are Hard of Hearing in a General Education Setting
Authors: Spratford Meredith , Walker Elizabeth A. , McCreery Ryan W. 
Published: November 2019

Purpose
Classrooms including children who are hard of hearing (CHH) may be modified to manage noise and reverberation and improve speech perception. Little is known about the acoustic characteristics of contemporary general education classrooms that include CHH compared to classrooms of typical peers. We proposed the following research questions about the acoustic environment of general education classrooms including CHH: (a) How reliable are acoustic measurements collected using an iOS device, application, and external microphone? (b) What proportion of classrooms meet the American National Standards Institute's standards for unoccupied noise levels and reverberation?

Method
A smartphone application was used to measure sound levels, reverberation, and clarity for 164 general education classrooms including CHH. Linear mixed models were used to examine the following: (a) reliability of acoustic measures made using an application and external microphone and (b) predictors of sound levels, reverberation, and clarity for elementary classrooms including CHH.

Results
Results indicate the application reliably measures classroom acoustics. Classrooms exceeded the American National Standards Institute's recommended noise levels, but met reverberation time guidelines. Grade; heating, ventilation, and air conditioning status; and room volume predicted classroom acoustics.

Conclusions
As a screening tool, the application was shown to be effective in reliably measuring reverberation and classroom noise levels. The high levels of noise in unoccupied classrooms indicate a need for increased use of noise abatement strategies and the use of remote-microphone systems, especially in classrooms where noise levels cannot feasibly be reduced. Using an application may be a cost-effective method for monitoring important acoustic features that impact children's ability to understand speech in the classroom.
Körperliches Training zur Demenzprävention
Authors: Theil Clara 
Published: November 2019

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDie Alzheimer-Demenz und andere Demenzerkrankungen stellen aufgrund der steigenden Prävalenzraten immer größer werdende Gesundheitsprobleme dar. Untersuchungen zeigen, dass sich eine hohe körperliche Fitness positiv auf die kognitive Leistungsfähigkeit von Personen auswirkt. Körperliche Fitness kann nicht nur neuronale Prozesse stimulieren, sondern geht zudem mit einer guten Leistung in kognitiven Tests einher. Folglich ist es plausibel, dass sich körperliche Trainings zur Demenzprävention eignen. Aktuelle metaanalytische und längsschnittliche Befunde liefern Evidenz dafür, dass eine Kombination aus körperlichen und kognitiven Interventionen eher zur Aufrechterhaltung kognitiver Funktionen beiträgt, als eine ausschließliche Verbesserung der körperlichen Fitness.
Selbstwahrnehmung als Hilfsmittel zur Früherkennung der Alzheimer-Demenz
Authors: Adler Georg 
Published: November 2019

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGSelbst wahrgenommene Gedächtnisstörungen oder kognitive Einschränkungen korrelieren mit den typischen neurobiologischen Veränderungen der Alzheimer-Krankheit und sind mit einem erhöhten Risiko für die Entwicklung einer Alzheimer-Demenz verbunden. Der individuelle Vorhersagewert solcher subjektiven kognitiven Störungen ist jedoch wegen zahlreicher konfundierender Faktoren wie Depression und Angst gering. Er lässt sich möglicherweise durch die Erhebung von kognitiven Blackouts mit einem geeigneten Fragebogen verbessern.
Bluttests für die Alzheimer-Erkrankung
Authors: Jessen Frank 
Published: November 2019

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGBislang stehen für die Darstellung der Pathologie der Alzheimer Krankheit beim Patienten Liquor- und Bildgebungsmarker zur Verfügung. Diese Methoden sind durch Invasivität bzw. Kosten limitiert. In jüngster Zeit ist es gelungen mit verschiedenen Technologie die Kernpathologie der Alzheimer Krankheit in Form des Aß1-42 bzw. der Ratio Aß1-42/Aß1-40 sowie des Tau-Proteins und des Neurofilament light chain (NFL) im Blut messbar zu machen. Aktuell handelt es sich noch um Ansätze der Forschung, es ist aber absehbar, dass diese Blutmarker in die klinische Praxis kommen werden. In dem Artikel werden aktuelle Studien zu blutbasierten Biomarkern vorgestellt, sowie zwei Initiativen, die sich mit den ethischen Implikationen der Anwendung von Alzheimer-Bluttests bei gesunden Personen beschäftigen.
Comparison of Two Autoimmune Dysglycemia Syndromes: Insulin
Autoimmune Syndrome (IAS) and Type B Insulin Resistance Syndrome
(B-IRS)
Authors: Yu Sui , Yang Guoqing , Dou Jingtao , Wang Baoan , Gu Weijun , Lv Zhaohui , Ba Jianming , Mu Yiming , Lu Juming 
Published: November 2019

AbstractInsulin autoimmune syndrome (IAS) and type B insulin resistance syndrome (B-IRS)
are rare autoimmune dysglycemia syndromes, but their treatment and prognosis are
different. This study aimed to provide a basis for the clinical differential
diagnosis of IAS and B-IRS. This was a retrospective study of the medical
records of all patients diagnosed with IAS or B-IRS between January 2006 and
March 2018 at the Chinese PLA General Hospital. Demographic, clinical,
biochemistry, treatment, and follow-up data were examined. There were several
different biochemical parameters between IAS (n=13) and B-IRS
(n=6): white blood count (WBC, 7.05±3.06 vs.
2.70±0.73×109/l, p=0.004),
platelet (249±56.6 vs.
111±68.0×109/l, p<0.001), serum
creatine (59.0±17.8 vs. 43.1±7.05 μmol/l,
p=0.013), serum albumin (42.3±5.17 vs. 33.6±3.40
g/l, p=0.002), triglyceride (median, 1.33 (1.01, 1.93) vs. 0.56
(0.50, 0.79) mmol/l, p=0.002), plasma IgG (1183±201 vs.
1832±469 mg/ml, p=0.018), IgA (328±140 vs.
469±150 mg/ml, p=0.018), and C3
(128±23.4 vs. 45.3±13.5 mg/l, p<0.001).
Fasting insulin in the IAS and B-IRS patients was high (299–4708 vs.
118–851 mU/l, p=0.106), and there was a
difference in 2 h oral glucose tolerance test insulin
(4217–8343 mU/l vs.
274–1143 mU/l, p=0.012). Glycated hemoglobin
(HbA1c) in the B-IRS patients was higher than in IAS patients (114±14.4.
vs. 40.6±8.89 mmol/mol, p<0.001). Serum
insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) was lower in all B-IRS patients
(25±0.00 vs. 132±52.7 ng/ml, p<0.001).
Although IAS and B-IRS are autoimmune hyperinsulinemic dysglycemic syndromes,
several clinical parameters (body mass index, HbA1c, WBC, platelet, albumin,
triglyceride, IgG, C3, and IGF-1) are different between these two syndromes.
Intraoperative Use of Analgesics in Tonsillar Fossa and Postoperative Evaluation with Visual analogue Scale Scores—A Prospective, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind Clinical Trial
Authors: Junaid Montasir , Halim Muhammad Sohail , Onali Maisam Abbas Shiraz , Qadeer Sadaf , Khan Hareem Usman , Ali Naeem Sultan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Introduction Posttonsillectomy pain results in significant morbidity to the patients. There is a disagreement in the literature regarding the use of local anesthetics during tonsillectomy. The aim of this placebo-controlled, double-blind study is to evaluate the effect of peritonsillar administration of local anesthetics.
Objective To evaluate the role of intraoperative use of analgesics in tonsillar fossa and postoperative evaluation with visual analogue scale (VAS) scores in achieving pain relief after tonsillectomy procedure
Methods In this study, 180 patients were randomized to 1 of the 6 groups: bupivacaine infiltration, lidocaine infiltration, normal saline infiltration, bupivacaine packing, lidocaine packing, and normal saline packing. Pain caused by speaking, swallowing, and on rest was assessed using VAS at 4, 8, 12, 16 hours, and at discharge.
Results Significant analgesia was obtained in patients who received bupivacaine infiltration and packing compared with placebo (p < 0.05). The majority of the study subjects had no postoperative complications, and patients receiving bupivacaine infiltration required less additional analgesics in the first 24 hours after surgery.
Conclusion We advocate the use of bupivacaine infiltration or packing immediately following the procedure to achieve adequate postoperative analgesia.
Can Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy Predict Various Levels of Echelon Nodes in Oral Cancers?
Authors: Rathod Ramya , Bakshi Jaimanti , Panda Naresh Kumar , Verma Roshan , Bhattacharya Anish , Bal Amanjit 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Introduction The efficacy of sentinel node biopsy in early stage oral cancer is well established. Its evolving role can be reinforced by further studies.
Objective Analyzing the predictability of the levels of echelon nodes for various oral cavity tumor subsites on sentinel node biopsy.
Methods A prospective study of 20 patients with stage I/II oral squamous cell carcinoma who underwent sentinel node biopsy-guided neck dissection between January 2017 and 2018 at our institute. The procedure included radiotracer injection, imaging (lymphoscintigraphy, single photon emission computed tomography-computed tomography), and gamma probe application. Sentinel node detection on imaging and gamma probe were compared.
Results Out of 20 patients, 13 (65%) had carcinoma of the tongue, 6 (30%) had buccal mucosa carcinoma, and 1 (5%) had retromolar trigone carcinoma. The mean age of the patients was 52.3 years. A total of 13 (65%) patients were male, and 7 (35%) were female. The sentinel node identification rates with imaging and gamma probe were of 70% and 100% respectively. In tongue and retromolar trigone primaries, the most common first-echelon nodes in both modalities were levels IIA and IB respectively. For buccal mucosa primaries, first-echelon nodes were detected only with the gamma probe, which was level IB. On imaging, second-echelon nodes were detected only for tongue primaries, and had equivalent incidence of levels II, III, and IV. On the gamma probe, level IIA, followed by III, and IV for the tongue, and level IIA were the most common second-echelon nodes for the buccal mucosa. Third-echelon nodes were detected only with the gamma probe for tongue carcinoma at level IV.
Conclusion The combined use of imaging and gamma probe provides the best results, with high identification rate and predictability of echelon levels.
Importance of Vestibulo-ocular Reflex Gain and Refixation Saccade Analysis in Individuals with Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Sinha Sujeet Kumar , Neupane Anuj Kumar , Gururaj Krithika 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Introduction Auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD) features the presence of otoacoustic emissions, poor speech identification score and absent auditory brainstem response.
Objective The present study was designed to evaluate the functioning of all six semicircular canals in individuals with ANSD and to compare it with those of normal-hearing individuals.
Methods A total of 50 individuals participated in the present study, in which Group I comprised 25 normal-hearing individuals, and Group II comprised 25 individuals with ANSD. All of the participants underwent case history, pure tone audiometry, immittance, otoacoustic emissions, auditory evoked response and video head impulse test (vHIT).
Results The independent sample t-test revealed significantly lower vestibulo-ocular reflex gain values in individuals with ANSD. A presence of 100% corrective refixation saccades was observed in the same group. The Pearson correlation test revealed no significant correlation between vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) gain with duration of hearing loss and pure tone thresholds for any of the three orthogonal planes. The chi-squared test revealed no association between the VOR gain values and the presence or absence of saccades in any of the semicircular canals (p > 0.05).
Conclusion Huge percentages of individuals with ANSD have been found to have associated vestibular dysfunction as well. Therefore, the vHIT can be used as one of the important tests of the vestibular test battery to evaluate all six semicircular canals in individuals with ANSD.
Syntax and working memory in typically-developing children
Authors: Delage Hélène , Frauenfelder Ulrich Hans 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
A growing trend in developmental psycholinguistics is to relate linguistic development to the development of other
cognitive systems. Jakubowicz (2005, 2011)
in particular argued that the processing of a complex sentence requires considerable working memory (WM) resources and that these
resources are limited in young children, which would explain their non-adult grammar. The present research aims to clarify the
relationship between WM and complex syntax, in comprehension, repetition, and spontaneous production, in 48 typically-developing
children aged 5 to 12. Our results demonstrate a strong age effect for all measures of WM and syntax. They also reveal strong
correlations between scores on simple and complex spans and syntactic performance. Finally, we show the highly predictive value of
WM capacities on the acquisition of syntactic skills in both comprehension and production. In particular, the complex-span task,
measuring counting span, explains the largest part of the variance in the spontaneous production of embedded clauses.
L’expression du déplacement en italien L2
Authors: Anastasio Simona 
Published: November 2019

RésuméCet article vise à analyser la conceptualisation spatiale dans une tâche narrative orale (Frog story) chez des adultes apprenants d’italien langue seconde (L2) qui se distinguent (a) par leur langue maternelle (L1, anglais ou français) et (b) par leur niveau de compétence en L2 (intermédiairevsavancé). Pour ce faire, nous adoptons une méthodologie impliquant des comparaisons entre les récits de groupes natifs et non natifs ayant accompli la même tâche, afin de comprendre de quelle manière les apprenants se rapprochent de la langue cible (LC) et s’ils sont influencés par leur L1 lors du discours spatial en L2. Les usages natifs des locuteurs des L1 observées confirment les différences inter-typologiques entre les languesà cadrage verbal, le français et l’italien, età cadrage satellitaire, l’anglais (Talmy, 1985,2000). Néanmoins, unevariation intra-typologiqueentre l’italien et le français est attestée : seul l’italien exploite des constructions satellitaires. Les données en L2 révèlent que les productions des apprenants intermédiaires sont assez similaires quelle que soit la L1, alors que des phénomènes évidents detransfert conceptuelsont attestés aux stades avancés lorsqu’il y a des similarités structurelles entre la langue source (LS) et la LC et quel’inputen fournit une évidence positive.
Natural oscillation shapes for a heavy fluid in an elliptic vessel
Authors: Kumakshev S A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The problem of constructing of shapes of the natural oscillations in a vertical cylindrical basin (vessel) with an elliptic cross-section in linearized form of an ideal incompressible fluid is considered. Only the gravity force is acting on the fluid. It is required to define the frequencies and shapes of the natural oscillations of the fluid as a function of the system’s parameters. The solution algorithm represented here is based on the method of separation of variables in elliptic coordinates, and the special developed method for the high-accuracy solution of the boundary problem. It used the variational principle and the procedure of continuation in the parameter. This approach shows its effectiveness and obtains the almost complete solution of the problem. For five lower oscillation modes, the natural shapes are determined with high degree of accuracy for a wide range of the eccentricity values.
About the k-error linear complexity over

F

p of sequences of length 2p with optimal three-level autocorrelation
Authors: Edemskiy V A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
We investigate the k-error linear complexity over

F

p
of binary sequences of length 2p with optimal three-level autocorrelation. These balanced sequences are constructed from cyclotomic classes of order four using a method presented by Ding et al.
Compact model of a Schottky diode on GaN
Authors: Fedorov D G , Zhelannov AV , Seleznev B I , Petrov M N 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In this paper, we consider the synthesis of a compact (SPICE) Schottky diode model on GaN. Synthesis of a compact (SPICE) Schottky diode model is implemented on the basis of a modified model of a conventional diode on a p-n junction by extracting the parameters contained in it from experimental data. To create the structures of the Schottky diodes, epitaxial structures of gallium nitride grown by the MOCVD method on a sapphire substrate were used. Ohmic contacts of diode structures were formed on ion-doped epitaxial layers. The result of the simulation of diode structures is the extraction from experimental data of parameters of the compact model of a Schottky diode on GaN.
The Choice of Solvents for Cleaning Metal Optics in Order to Increase the Threshold of Optical Damage
Authors: Filin S A , Rogalin V E , Kaplunov I A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Metal optics is actively used in IR optics, which makes it necessary to clean it from dust and other operational contaminants. This increases the life of these notably expensive products. Usually their mechanical wiping is excluded, since it leads to the appearance of scratches and other defects on the surface, markedly increasing the scattering of radiation. Methods for the selection of solvents have been analyzed and experiments have been carried out that make it possible to accept efficient their use in the purification of metal optics from contaminations. Contaminations have different physicochemical properties and are present, as a rule, together on the surface of metal optics (taking into account the corrosion properties of the latter). Solvent compositions based on azeotrope mixes with freon-114B2, having a solubility parameter (δ) corresponding or close to the solubility parameter (δ) of the main (by weight) contamination or a mixture of contaminants which are present on the optical surface, were used.
Simulation of number sets based on probability distributions
Authors: Tokmachev M S 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
A three-parameter probability distribution is presented, modeled on the basis of the negative binomial distribution. This distribution corresponds structurally to the author’s distribution of the hyperbolic cosine type by the form of the characteristic function. The difference lies in the use of standard trigonometric cosine and sine for the characteristic function instead of the corresponding hyperbolic functions. The moment-forming polynomials of two arguments are found, derived from the recurrent differential relation to calculate the moments of distribution. A recurrent algebraic formula to produce the integer coefficients of these polynomials is introduced. The set of the coefficients depending on three arguments is ordered and geometrically interpreted as a numerical prism. Numerical prism sections are numerical triangles and numerical sequences. Among the sections of the prism there are well-known and new numerical sets, for example, Stirling numerical triangle, Bessel numerical triangle with alternating signs of elements, alternating tangential numbers, etc. A connection with the numerical prism derived from the hyperbolic cosine type distribution is indicated.
Mathematical model of the architecture of a distributed information-measuring system based on cloud and fog technologies
Authors: Vorobyev S P 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This article describes the formulation of a mathematical model for optimizing the structure of a distributed information-measuring system based on a multi-level topology. The paradigm of cloud, fog and boundary computing is used, which allows building a modern network infrastructure within the framework of the industrial IoT concept. The most typical example of the use of this paradigm may be intelligent power supply networks and distributed systems for monitoring the transportation of gas or oil products. To solve the problem, it is proposed to use an approach based on a genetic algorithm.
Algorithms for computing the sets of stochastic matrices with predefined properties, based on automaton models
Authors: Zakharov V M , Shalagin S V , Eminov B F 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The formed sets of ergodic stochastic matrices are focused on solving the problem of classifying probabilistic automaton models by certain criteria/parameters of similarities or differences in the structures of ergodic stochastic matrices using the methods of applied multivariate mathematical statistics. The algorithms developed allow forming a variety of the sets of stochastic matrices through changing the transition and random entry function in a probabilistic automaton. Transition function of the autonomous probabilistic automaton allows using the probabilistic automaton operation algorithm proposed to form the sets of ergodic stochastic matrices that differ in their potencies and structures, based on implementing state set permutations with repetitions and changing the random input variable probability distributions. Defining various autonomous deterministic automaton output functions, we can use the algorithm developed to form the sets of ergodic stochastic matrices that differ in their potencies, with a specified limiting vector, based on implementing the permutations of a set of output letters with repetitions. We are also presenting the evaluations of the potencies of the sets of ergodic stochastic matrices with rational elements, represented by autonomous probabilistic automata under the given constraints.
Simple parameters spaces analysis of roto-orbital integrable Hamiltonians for an axisymmetric rigid body
Authors: Santos Josué Cardoso dos 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The present work presents a test of two Hamiltonians that produce integrable models recently proposed to study the roto-orbital motion of an axisymmetric rigid body in motion under a central gravitational field. The dynamics assumed here is approached by the motion of an axisymmetric rigid body orbiting another massive spherical one. Based on the concept of intermediary, both models are treated in Hamiltonian formalism, as perturbation of the Keplerian-Eulerian motion, using canonical variables associated to the total angular momentum. An analysis of parameters introduced to visualize possible different applications are made, in this case with special focus in binary asteroid type dynamics. The parameters space analysis present comparisons of two recently proposed intermediaries with respect to the original non-analytically integrable model and with respect to each other. In conclusion, both models behave well in regions of the parameters space where they were proposed to be valid.
A test and calibration environment for the Brazilian star tracker
Authors: Fialho Marcio A A , Fernandes Hugo K B 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
For many spacecraft to accomplish their mission goals there is a need to have an accurate control of their spatial orientation (attitude), so that instruments aboard the spacecraft, such as remote sensing cameras, telescopes, and other scientific payload be correctly pointed to their targets. For that purpose, many spacecraft employ sophisticated attitude control systems, fed by a variety of attitude sensors: sun sensors, horizon sensors, gyroscopes, star trackers, etc. Among the attitude sensors capable of providing an absolute attitude measurement, star trackers are considered the most accurate. This work presents an overview of the test and calibration infrastructure built for an autonomous star tracker (AST) being developed by the Electro-Optics group of INPE, result of an effort to increase the competence of the country in attitude control systems.