bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Model for integrated assessment of rescue operations efficiency at group use of robotics for elimination of consequences of large-scale technogenic emergencies
Authors: Байков Андрей Владимирович , Александров Константин Валерьевич 
Published: December 2020

Применение одного робототехнического средства (РТС) в зоне чрезвычайной ситуации (ЧС) малоэффективно из-за множества выполняемых задач, что обусловливает необходимость привлечения группы РТС для уменьшения времени ликвидации ЧС. В статье представлена математическая модель выбора группы РТС для ликвидации ЧС. Разработанная модель комплексной оценки эффективности проведения аварийно-спасательных работ при групповом применении РТС в техногенной ЧС является научно-методическим аппаратом по обоснованию состава группировки системы РТС МЧС России, необходимых для выполнения задач в ЧС.
The use of one robotic in the emergency zone is not very effective due to the multitude of tasks performed in the emergency zone. This determines the need to use the group of robotics to reduce the time for emergency elimination. The relevance of the work is determined by the scattered scientific and methodological system for substantiating the composition of the robotics grouping of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia, as well as by errors in decision making on the use of robotics in emergencies. The paper presents a mathematical model for choosing a group of robotic equipment for emergency response. The model for integrated assessment of the rescue operation effectiveness with application of group of robotics is based on the “scheduling theory”. The paper proposes scientific methods for the development of quantitatively substantiated recommendations for decision-making, where mathematical models of ordering various purposeful actions in time are constructed and analyzed taking into account the objective function and different restrictions. The developed model for integrated assessment of the effectiveness of emergency rescue operations at group application of robotics during technogenic emergency is a scientific and methodological approach for substantiating the structure of robotics grouping of EMERCOM of Russia required to solve tasks in an emergency.
The Effect of Healing Garden to Improve the Patients Healing: An Integrative Literature Review
Authors: Hastuti Agustina Sri Oktri , Lorica Josephine 
Published: December 2020

Background: Healing Garden (HG) is developed as one of the therapies that do not only help in the physical recovery of the patient but also helps to restore mental, social, and spiritual health. This paper aims to determine the benefit of Healing Garden for the patients in the hospital and to produce evidence that Healing Garden relates to the positive experiences of the patients and contributes to their feeling of well-being.
Method: The study utilized An Integrative Literature Review of Literatures through EBSCO, ProQuest, and Google Scholar. The articles searched were within 10 years, starting in 2007 until 2017 using the following terms for Boolean Search: “Healing Garden AND/OR Healing environment AND Hospital”. Systematic search related to the topic was started on January 26, 2018 to February 6, 2018.
Results: The results of the study revealed seven themes which include 1). Nature provides positive energy for patients, 2) Healing Garden as a protected self-expression space, 3). Healing Garden has the potential to improve the quality of life for patients both physically and psychologically 4). Nature provides space to relate and socialize for patients and families, 5). Garden therapy as a bridge between the outside and spiritual world, 6) Nurses have an important role as a professional in creating a healing environment, and 7). The garden as a “Healing Garden” that should be visible, accessible, quiet, and comfortable.
Conclusion: The report of the study gives an overview that Healing Garden therapy has the various advantage that can effectively accelerate holistic healing. It is recommended to build healing gardens such as at the workplaces, schools, public areas, and other places where people can relax and unwind.
Osmanlı Tarihsel Anlatısına Görsel Bir Kaynak: Dirk van der Hagen Atlası’na Yansıyan Savaş Gravürleri
Authors: IŞIK YAYLA Rumeysa 
Published: December 2020

Dünya haritacılık tarihinin yükselişe geçtiği XVI. yüzyılda ortaya çıkan atlas kavramı, başlangıçta harita derlemeleri için kullanılmış olsa da bu tarif zamanla değişikliğe uğrayarak, harita içindeki yerler hakkında bilgi veren kitap formu ile özdeşleşmiştir. Bölgenin coğrafyasına özgü topografik detayları içeren bu eserler, aynı zamanda devrin tarihi ve sosyal gelişimine ışık tutan resimlerle bezenmiştir. Bu türün ilk örneklerinden birisi de Hollanda Kraliyet Kütüphanesi’nde muhafaza edilen 1690 tarihli Dirk van der Hagen Atlası’dır. Dört cilt halinde hazırlanmış olan yapıt, tarih ve coğrafya atlası niteliğinde derlenmiş kompozit bir harita kitabıdır. Dönemin en erken tarihli ülke haritalarını kapsaması konusunda adeta bir model teşkil eden atlas, siyasi gelişmeleri ele alan resimlerden mitolojik sahnelere, şehir manzaralarından peyzaj görünümlerine kadar çok sayıda renkli baskıyı içinde barındırmaktadır. Makalenin konusunu, atlasın gravürleri arasında yer alan ve Osmanlı savaş tarihine görsel anlamda katkıda bulunan resimler oluşturmaktadır. Kandiye Kuşatması (1667-1669) ile başlayıp, II. Viyana Muhasarasıyla (1683) devam eden, Anabolu (1686) ve Belgrad (1688) mücadelelerini konu alan bu tasvirler, çalışmada metin-resim ilişkisi bağlamında ikonografik olarak yorumlanmıştır. Söz konusu gravürler üzerinden, devrin siyasi ve tarihsel süreci takip edilerek ressamın vermiş olduğu mesaj irdelenmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu sayede XVII. yüzyıl Osmanlı tarihinin savaş meydanlarındaki görsel anlatısına katkıda bulunularak resmin okunabilirliği tartışılmıştır.
Risk factors for negative T-SPOT.TB assay results in patients with confirmed active tuberculosis: A retrospective study
Authors: Shangguan Yanwan , Fang Hong , Wang Shuting , Ji Zhongkang , Shi Pei , Feng Xuewen , Xu Kaijin 
Published: December 2020

Introduction: The interferon-γ release assays as potent adjunct tools for the quick detection of TB in high burden countries is feasible. In this retrospective study, we aimed to identify the risk factors for negative T-SPOT results in confirmed active tuberculosis.
Methodology: We consecutively enrolled 1,021 patients who were positive for acid-fast bacilli smear staining or culture-confirmed mycobacterial infection and simultaneously tested with the T-SPOT.TB assay. All of the included specimens were used to discriminate the Mycobacterium species using the biochip assay. We collected basic clinical characteristics and laboratory results for further analysis.
Results: Of the 1,021 patients enrolled in the study, 89 patients were identified as having nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). Ninety-nine patients were excluded from the analysis because of indeterminate T-SPOT.TB results, while the remaining 833 patients were identified as having Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. In total, 159 patients had false-negative T-SPOT.TB results (19.1% of 833). The concordance rate between the T-SPOT.TB results and final diagnoses in females was always lower than that in males. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that female sex (OR 1.81; 95% CI 1.19, 2.7; p = 0.006), age (OR 1.02; 95% CI 1.01, 1.03; p = 0.003), acid-fast bacilli (AFB) smear-negative (OR 5.45; 95% CI 3.62, 8.19; p < 0.001), HIV coinfection (OR 6.83; 95% CI 2.73, 17.10; p < 0.001) were associated with negative T-SPOT.TB result.
Conclusions: Female is another independent risk factor of negative T-SPOT.TB results, besides to elder, HIV co-infection, acid-fast bacilli (AFB) smear-negative who are suspected of having active TB infection.
Inducible clindamycin resistance in clinical isolates of staphylococcus aureus in Suez Canal University Hospital, Ismailia, Egypt
Authors: Kishk Rania Mohammed , Anani Maha Mohammed , Nemr Nader Attia , Soliman Nashaat Mohamed , Fouad Marwa Mohamed 
Published: December 2020

Introduction: The increasing incidence of methicillin resistance among Staphylococci has led to renewed interest in the usage of macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B (MLSB) antibiotics to treat S. aureus infections, with clindamycin being the preferable agent owing to its excellent pharmacokinetic properties. Inducible clindamycin resistance my lead to therapeutic failure.
Aim: Detection of the prevalence of constitutive and inducible clindamycin resistance in clinical isolates of S. aureus to improve the clinical outcomes in patients.
Methodology: A total of 176 non-duplicate staphylococcal isolates were isolated from different clinical samples. Methicillin resistance was detected using Cefoxitin disk diffusion (CDD) method. Phenotypic clindamycin resistance was performed for all isolates by D test. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) assay were done for detection of erm resistance genes (ermA, ermB and ermC).
Results: Out of 176 strains of S. aureus, 108 isolates (61.3%) were identified as MRSA. Erythromycin and clindamycin resistance was detected in 96 isolates (54.5%) and 68 isolates (38.6%) respectively. Clindamycin resistance (cMLSB) was significantly higher (p value < 0.001) in MRSA strains (56 isolates) compared to MSSA (12 isolates). Resistant genes were detected in 160 isolates (91%). The ermA gene was detected in 28 isolates (16%), the ermB gene was detected in 80 isolates (45.5%) (p < 0.001).
Conclusions and recommendations: The frequency of constitutive and inducible clindamycin resistance in MRSA isolates emphasizes the need to use D test in routine antimicrobial susceptibility testing to detect the susceptibility to clindamycin as the inducible resistance phenotype can inhibit the action of clindamycin and affect the treatment efficacy.
A comparative study between a single-dose and 24-hour multiple-dose antibiotic prophylaxis for elective hysterectomy
Authors: Akkour Khalid Mohammed , Arafah Maria Abdulrahim , Alhulwah Mais Mohammed , Badaghish Rana Saeed , Alhalal Hani Abdulmohsen , Alayed Nada Mohammed , Alqahtani Sarah Batel , Iqbal Shazia Shahzad Ahmad 
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Surgical site infections (SSIs) are a major health issue in surgical specialties in terms of health care costs and patients’ clinical outcomes. At the level of the patient, prolonged hospital stays or readmissions for SSIs, can affect the patient’s quality of life. At the level of the health care system, it exhausts the hospital’s resources and increases the burden on the medical staff due to the need for continuous wound care, microbiological cultures, laboratory tests and medications. In this study, we assessed the effectiveness of two antibiotic prophylaxis regimens for the prevention of SSIs in patients undergoing elective hysterectomy surgeries.
Methodology: A retrospective cohort, analyzing 141 patients, was conducted between November 2016 and January 2019 at a university hospital. We compared the efficacy of a single dose vs. 24-hour multiple doses of Cefazolin in patients who underwent elective hysterectomy for benign or malignant indications. The secondary objective was to identify potential risk factors associated with SSIs.
Results: There was no statistically significant difference between both groups (p = 0.872). Obesity and a laparotomy surgical approach are risk factors to the development of SSIs (p = 0.001 and 0.014, respectively). Other potential risk factors include the duration of hospital stay, the duration of the surgery and the amount of blood loss.
Conclusions: Although the rate of SSIs is not significantly different between both groups, risk stratification can be done after screening patients and the prophylactic regimen must be tailored for each patient in a cost-effective manner and using a multidisciplinary approach.
Multi-parasite infection in an immigrant from Ghana: potential for new epidemic foci
Authors: Fiamma Maura , Longoni Silvia S , Siddig Emmanuel E , Attene Sonia , Astone Vito , Nicoletti Antonio , Paglietti Bianca , Santona Antonella , Fele Angela , Ivaldi Riccardo , Logias Francesco 
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Imported parasitosis, which do not require an invertebrate vector, are extremely dangerous and can lead to the occurrence of disease in currently parasite free areas. In the present study we report a case of multi-parasitic infection in a young immigrant from Ghana to Italy caused by filaria, Schistosoma sp. and Strongyloides sp.
Case presentation: A 27-year-old Ghanaian man attended the Hospital of Nuoro (Sardinia), Italy, at the end of August 2015, claiming pain to the kidney and hypertensive crisis; the patient presented with dyspnea and epistaxis, chronic itchy skin of the back, shoulders, arms and legs, anuria and high creatinine, metabolic acidosis and hypereosinophilic syndrome. Serological test for parasitic infections were done, and showed a marked positivity for filaria, Schistosoma sp. and Strongyloides sp. The patient started the treatment immediately with two doses per day of Bassado Antibiotic (tetracycline) for twenty days and then with a single dose of 3 mg of ivermectin that was repeated after 3 months.
Conclusions: Immigrant patients from endemic areas who show clinical signs, such as a general itching on the back, shoulders and arms and legs, should have a thorough history in order to make early diagnosis and prevent further complications. Therefore, general practitioners and doctors in Europe and in other parasitosis non-endemic countries, should consider to test for parasites in any immigrant from endemic countries to aid in establishing the final diagnosis and prevent further complications.
Les agricultures africaines et nous
Authors: Gaymard Hervé , Savelli Pierre-Ange 
Published: December 2020

Le développement des agricultures africaines sera demain au cœur de la survie d’un continent qui connaît une expansion démographique majeure. Plus largement, ce développement est nécessaire pour parer à des problèmes mondiaux : environnementaux, sanitaires, migratoires, sécuritaires... Les modèles proposés par l’Occident ne sont plus les seuls à être considérés, mais en tout état de cause la France devrait se mobiliser sur ce thème essentiel, pour impulser une nouvelle action européenne. politique étrangère
L’esprit des connaissances humaines : la philosophie générale de d’Alembert
Authors: Guerpillon Louis , Lenne-Cornuez Johanna 
Published: December 2020

D’Alembert ouvre un espace à la philosophie générale en s’élevant à un point de vue qui, s’il est général, n’est ni abstrait ni de nulle part, parce qu’il rassemble les connaissances humaines en les éclairant sous l’angle de leurs connexions. Ni métaphysique, ni science des fondements, ni pure méthodologie, l’ordre encyclopédique défini par le « Discours préliminaire » tire des éléments des sciences une réflexion sur l’unité articulée des savoirs. La généralité concrète tient à un acte de mise en relation , s’attachant à redéfinir chaque science par le complexe de rapports dans lequel elle s’inscrit. La philosophie générale justifie l’effort d’ordonnancement des savoirs qui, sans rien céder à un vain esprit de système, leur confère un sens irremplaçable, que cette contribution s’attache à élucider.
A Novel Outbred Mouse Model to Study Lung Memory Immunological Response Induced by Pertussis Vaccines
Authors: Rouleau Nicolas , Proust Emilie , Chabaud-Riou Martine 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Lung tissue resident memory (TRM) T cells can provide rapid and effective protective immunity against respiratory pathogens such as Bordetella pertussis. We assessed an outbred CD1 mouse model and i.m. immunization to study vaccine-induced immune memory, using pertussis vaccines as an example. The phenotypes of cells from the lungs of CD1 mice that had been primed with either i.m. whole-cell B. pertussis (wP), acellular B. pertussis (aP) vaccines or buffer (unvaccinated) and challenged with B. pertussis were determined using flow cytometry and immunohistology. We observed a rapid and high increase of CD4+T cells expressing TRM markers by flow cytometry, supported by immunohistology observations, in lungs from wP-immunized mice. Priming mice with wP vaccine induced a more potent CD4+ response in lungs following B. pertussis challenge than priming with aP vaccine, although both were less potent than that observed in primoinfected mice. We also observed for the first time, to our knowledge, that CD8+ and γδ+ TRM-like T cell responses were induced in lungs of wP-primed mice postinfection. This novel outbred CD1 mouse model with i.m. immunization that enabled us to study vaccine-induced B. pertussis–specific memory T cells in lungs could be useful for evaluating candidate parenteral vaccines against B. pertussis or others pulmonary pathogens.
Assessment of Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices about Visceral Leishmaniasis in Endemic Areas of Malda District, West Bengal, India
Authors: Guha Ushnish , Chatterjee Moytrey , Sardar Ashif Ali , Jana Kingsuk , Saha Pabitra , Maji Ardhendu Kumar , Guha Subhasish Kamal 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACTCommunity participation is an important aspect for the success of kala-azar (KA) elimination program implemented in five Southeast Asian countries by the WHO. The participation of community depends on the level of knowledge of, attitude toward, and practice around risk factors associated with KA transmission among the population. We assessed the knowledge, attitude, and practice toward KA elimination in endemic areas of Malda district, West Bengal, India. A total of 709 individuals from different villages of 12 sub-centers were interviewed during April–July 2019. Data were recorded in a structured questionnaire under four categories: sociodemographic parameters, knowledge, attitude, and practice. The association of dependent variables such as knowledge, attitude, and practice with independent variables such as the economy and sociodemographic parameters was analyzed by binary logistic regression model and chi-square test using SPSS software. Despite the endemicity of the disease for a long time, the adequacy of knowledge about the disease was found to be poor that can be attributed to low education level and socioeconomic status, but the attitude and practices were good. So, there is a scope of improvement in knowledge of the disease through proper health education. This will further improve the level of attitude and practices that will be helpful for the smooth implementation of different activities of the program by more active participation of the community.
‘Bilimsel İlerlemeler Tanrı’yı Yok mu Ediyor?’ Sorusu ve Kelâmî Açıdan Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: AKIN Murat 
Published: December 2020

Rönesans ve ardında Aydınlanma dönemiyle beraber gerçekleşen bilimsel ilerlemeler fazlaca dikkat çekmeyi başarmıştır. Bunun sonucunda modern bilim, bilginin en güvenilir kaynağı olarak kabul edilerek onun her meseleyi çözebileceği bir zemine oturtturulmuştur. Öyle ki bilim, Tanrı’nın var olup olmadığına dair de bilgi üretebileceği dillendirilmiştir. Bu aşamada ideolojik yaklaşımların ve din adına sergilenen bazı temelsiz akıl dışı argümanların katkısıyla da bilim artık kutsal bir müesseseye dönüştürülmüştür. Kutsala dönüştürülen bilim, bir diğer kutsal olan dinle artık ortak bir zeminde buluşamayacak hale dönüşmüş ve yanlış bir dikotomiye alet edilmiştir. Dolayısıyla artık ilerleyen bilim, yavaş yavaş “Tanrı’yı yok etmeye” başlamıştır. Artık bu hale dönüşen bilim anlayışı ateistlerin de en büyük destek noktaları olmuştur. Kutsala dönüşen bu bilim anlayışı her ne kadar temelde Hıristiyanlık inancına karşıt olarak ortaya çıkmış olsa da yer yer tüm inançlara yansıtılmaya çalışılmıştır.
Oysaki bilimden, “bilimin ilerlemesiyle Tanrı’nın yok olacağına” dair veri sunmasını beklemek aslında bilimin sınırlarından bihaber olmayı gerekli kılmaktadır. Bilimin ilerlemesiyle inancın yok olacağı söylemi, İslam dini açısından kabul edilebilir bir argüman olarak görülmemektedir. Çünkü İslam, aklı dinamik olarak tasvir etmekte ve tabiatı Tanrı’nın varlığının delili olarak sunmaktadır. Diğer taraftan bilimin ilerlemesiyle Tanrı’ya yer kalmayacağını iddia edenlerin unutmaması gereken önemli husus, dinin/imanın bir bilgi eksikliği olmadığı aksine bilginin insanı tasdiğe yönelttiği gerçeğidir. Ayrıca Müslümanların bilimde geri kalmalarının sebebini onların inançlarına bağlayanlar, bunu siyasi, sosyal ve ekonomik bazı sebeplerde araması gerekmektedir.
D2 vs D2 Plus Para-aortic Lymph Node Dissection for Advanced Gastric Cancer
Authors: Mahir Ozmen Mehmet , Zulfikaroglu Baris , Ozmen Fusun , Moran Munevver , Ozalp Necdet , Seckin Selda 
Published: December 2020

Objective: Gastric cancer is a common malignancy worldwide. Effective treatment by interdisciplinary cooperation is important, and surgery still plays an important role.
Material and Methods: In a ten-year period, 355 patients were diagnosed to have gastric cancer. One hundred and sixty-two patients with a median (range) age of 58 (23-83) years were eligible for the study. There were 107 patients in D2 and 55 patients in D2 lymphadenectomy plus para-aortic lymph node (PALN) dissection group. The two groups were compared in terms of complications, morbidity, mortality and long-term survival.
Results: Length of stay was 12 (8-34) days for D2 and 14 (8-42) days for D2 plus PALND. Total number of operative mortality was 8/162 (5%), and it was not different between the groups. Twenty patients (18%) had complications in D2 group and 9 (17%) patients in D2 plus PALND group. Overall survival was also similar between the groups, but patients with T3-T4 tumors, patients with stage IIIA and IIIB disease had better survival with D2 plus PALN dissection. We found that the depth of invasion, PLN, ratio (PLN/TLN), stage and LND were all prognostic variables.
Conclusion: This study showed that D2 plus PALN dissection for advanced gastric cancer can be performed as safely as a standard D2 dissection by experienced surgeons without increasing postoperative morbidity and mortality. D2 plus PALN dissection should be preferred in the advanced stage of the disease (IIIA-IIIB) as it increases the rate of survival.
A produção habitacional do programa MCMV no município de São Paulo: critérios de localização adotados pelos produtores e impactos na estrutura urbana e na qualidade de vida dos moradores
Authors: Ribeiro Edson L. , Silveira José A. R. Silveira 
Published: December 2020

O estudo avalia a concentração da produção habitacional do Programa Minha Casa, Minha Vida no município de São Paulo em suas várias faixas de renda familiar, estudando-se a sua relação particularmente em relação aos seguintes aspectos: a) distância do centro tradicional; b) distância dos novos centros geradores de emprego; c) oferta local de oportunidades de trabalho e renda e d) índice de violência urbana, comparando-se ainda com resultados de outra pesquisa sobre a satisfação com a qualidade de vida urbana por setor urbano na cidade. Embora tenha ficado clara a correlação inversa entre a concentração local da produção habitacional em relação à proximidade das oportunidades de trabalho e renda, outros índices comparados não apresentaram os mesmos resultados. Também ficou constatado que, no âmbito do município, a produção longínqua dos conjuntos habitacionais não produziu significativa dispersão urbana, tendo os mesmos, em função do uso da verticalização, ocupado predominantemente terrenos e glebas intersticiais (vazios urbanos).