bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ACADL plays a tumor-suppressor role by targeting Hippo/YAP signaling in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Zhao Xiaofang , Qin Wenhao , Jiang Youhai , Yang Zhishi , Yuan Bo , Dai Rongyang , Shen Hao , Chen Yao , Fu Jing , Wang Hongyang 
Published: March 2020

AbstractLong-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (ACADL) is a mitochondrial enzyme that catalyzes the initial step of fatty acid oxidation, but the role of ACADL in tumor biology remains largely unknown. Here, we found that ACADL was frequently downregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and its low expression was significantly correlated with poor clinical prognosis of HCC patients. Restoring the expression of ACADL in HCC cells resulted cell cycle arrest and growth suppression through suppressing Hippo/YAP signaling evidenced by decreased YAP nuclear accumulation and downstream target genes expression. Reactivation of YAP by XMU-MP-1 diminished the inhibitory effect of ACADL on HCC growth. More importantly, the nuclear accumulation of YAP was negatively correlated with ACADL expression levels in HCC specimens, and YAP inhibitor verteporfin effectively suppressed growth of HCC organoids with low ACADL expression. Together, our findings highlight a novel function of ACADL in regulating HCC growth and targeting ACADL/Yap may be a potential strategy for HCC precise treatment.
Combined deletions of IHH and NHEJ1 cause chondrodystrophy and embryonic lethality in the Creeper chicken
Authors: Kinoshita Keiji , Suzuki Takayuki , Koike Manabu , Nishida Chizuko , Koike Aki , Nunome Mitsuo , Uemura Takeo , Ichiyanagi Kenji , Matsuda Yoichi 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe Creeper (Cp) chicken is characterized by chondrodystrophy in Cp/+ heterozygotes and embryonic lethality in Cp/Cp homozygotes. However, the genes underlying the phenotypes have not been fully known. Here, we show that a 25 kb deletion on chromosome 7, which contains the Indian hedgehog (IHH) and non-homologous end-joining factor 1 (NHEJ1) genes, is responsible for the Cp trait in Japanese bantam chickens. IHH is essential for chondrocyte maturation and is downregulated in the Cp/+ embryos and completely lost in the Cp/Cp embryos. This indicates that chondrodystrophy is caused by the loss of IHH and that chondrocyte maturation is delayed in Cp/+ heterozygotes. The Cp/Cp homozygotes exhibit impaired DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair due to the loss of NHEJ1, resulting in DSB accumulation in the vascular and nervous systems, which leads to apoptosis and early embryonic death.
In vitro reconstitution of functional small ribosomal subunit assembly for comprehensive analysis of ribosomal elements in E. coli
Authors: Shimojo Masaru , Amikura Kazuaki , Masuda Keiko , Kanamori Takashi , Ueda Takuya , Shimizu Yoshihiro 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn vitro reconstitution is a powerful tool for investigating ribosome functions and biogenesis, as well as discovering new ribosomal features. In this study, we integrated all of the processes required for Escherichia coli small ribosomal subunit assembly. In our method, termed fully Recombinant-based integrated Synthesis, Assembly, and Translation (R-iSAT), assembly and evaluation of the small ribosomal subunits are coupled with ribosomal RNA (rRNA) synthesis in a reconstituted cell-free protein synthesis system. By changing the components of R-iSAT, including recombinant ribosomal protein composition, we coupled ribosomal assembly with ribosomal protein synthesis, enabling functional synthesis of ribosomal proteins and subsequent subunit assembly. In addition, we assembled and evaluated subunits with mutations in both rRNA and ribosomal proteins. The study demonstrated that our scheme provides new ways to comprehensively analyze any elements of the small ribosomal subunit, with the goal of improving our understanding of ribosomal biogenesis, function, and engineering.
Transformation of siderite to goethite by humic acid in the natural environment
Authors: Xing Bobo , Graham Nigel , Yu Wenzheng 
Published: March 2020

AbstractHumic acid (HA) is particularly important in iron-bearing mineral transformations and erosion at the water-mineral boundary zone of the Earth. In this study, three stages of the possible pathway by which HA causes mineral transformation from siderite to goethite are identified. Firstly, a Fe(II)-HA complex is formed by chelation, which accelerates the dissolution and oxidation of Fe(II) from the surface of siderite. As the Fe(II)-HA complex retains Fe atoms in close proximity of each other, ferrihydrite is formed by the agglomeration and crystallization. Finally, the ferrihydrite structurally rearranges upon attachment to the surface of goethite crystals and merges with its structure. The influence of low concentrations of HA (0–2 mg/L) on phosphate adsorption is found to be beneficial by the inducing of new mineral phases. We believe that these results provide a greater understanding of the impact of HA in the biogeochemical cycle of phosphate, mineral transformation.
The Effects of Frequency and Predictability on Repetition in Children With Developmental Language Disorder
Authors: Kueser Justin B. , Leonard Laurence B. 
Published: March 2020

Purpose

Studies have shown that children with typical development (TD) respond to frequency and predictability when repeating nonidiomatic multiword sequences (e.g.,
go wash your hands
). We extended these findings by explicitly examining the interaction between frequency and predictability in a repetition task for children with developmental language disorder (DLD) and children with TD.

Method

We created 48 four-word phrases, manipulating two factors: the frequency of occurrence of the entire four-word phrase (e.g.,
look in the mirror
vs.
look in the basket
) and the predictability of the fourth word in the phrase given the preceding three words (e.g.,
corn on the ___
vs.
look in the ___
). These phrases were presented in a repetition task to 17 children with DLD (
M
age
= 58.89 months), 19 same-age children with TD (
M
age
= 59.79 months), and 17 younger children with TD matched to the DLD group on nonword repetition and mean length of utterance (
M
age
= 38.94 months). Children's repetitions were judged for the presence or absence of word and morphological errors. Only the first three words of the sequence were scored (e.g.,
look in the
).

Results
We found a main effect of sequence frequency, with high-frequency sequences being repeated more accurately than low-frequency sequences, modulated by a significant interaction with predictability, where the effect of sequence frequency was larger for sequences with high-predictability contexts than for sequences with low-predictability contexts. We also found a significant effect of group, with children with DLD demonstrating poorer overall performance, particularly when compared to the same-age group with TD.

Conclusions
Frequency and predictability are strong predictors of language production in children with TD. These factors also have effects for children with DLD, raising important clinical questions about the design of facilitative contexts for the teaching of difficult linguistic forms.
Fast prediction mode selection and CU partition for HEVC intra coding
Authors: Fu Bin , Zhang Qiangqing , Hu Jianling 
Published: March 2020

Compared with the predecessor H.264/advanced video coding, high‐efficiency video coding (HEVC) is a new video coding standard with nearly double coding efficiency under the same coding quality. However, the computing complexity of HEVC increases sharply. To solve this problem, a fast algorithm for intra prediction mode selection based on mode grouping is proposed by reducing the number of modes entering rough mode decision. Moreover, the dual support vector machine is proposed to efficiently select the coding unit (CU) size, which is based on texture features of CU and sub‐CUs including content complexity and direction complexity. By using the new CU size selection algorithm, the encoder can confirm the split for complex CU and terminate the split for simple CU in advance, so as to reduce the computing complexity of CU size selection. The experimental results show that by employing the two fast algorithms in intra coding, it can save 42.80% encoding time, with 0.98% increment in bit rate and 0.018 dB loss of peak‐signal‐to‐noise ratio of luminance, compared with the reference software x265‐1.7.
Design of capacitive coupling structure for position‐insensitive wireless charging
Authors: Han Gao , Li Qian , Xie Kai , Liu Yanming , Song Jiangwen 
Published: March 2020

The Internet of Things (IoT) connects billions of smart devices through wireless sensor networks (WSNs). However, to ensure the power supply for numerous passive devices in a WSN, it is necessary to replace batteries periodically, which will undoubtedly increase maintenance costs. This study proposes a capacitive coupling structure that is different from the previous capacitive power transfer (CPT) structures. The proposed structure can allow the positional variation of the receiver, and multiple receivers to be charged at the same time. Both theoretical and experimental results demonstrate that the power transmission is less affected by the positional variation of the pickup plates in the vertical and horizontal directions. In this study, all coupling capacitors between the plates are considered and the equivalent circuit model is derived. Further output characteristics of the circuit are derived and analysed. The dimensions of the structure are designed and simulated by using the EM full wave simulation. A prototype is designed to verify that a battery can be charged based on capacitive coupling. A 60 mAh rechargeable lithium‐ion button battery is fully charged in 250 min, and the output power is ∼36 mW during charging.
Estimation of system efficiency and utilisation factor of a mirror integrated solar PV system
Authors: Odungat Mohammed Mansoor , Simon Sishaj Pulikottil , Ark Kumar Kevin , Sundareswaran Kinattingal , Srinivasarao Nayak Panugothu , Padhy Narayana Prasad 
Published: March 2020

This study presents the investigation of benefits obtained in a mirror integrated standalone photovoltaic (PV) test system of 0.3 kW capacity. The enhancement of energy extraction is possible only through fixing the mirror at an optimal angle facing towards the PV panel. Hence, the optimal condition for the maximum energy extraction in a year at a specific location is derived and presented considering the total irradiation falling on the panel. A detailed estimation on performance indices and feasibility analysis for the mirror integrated solar PV system (MISPVS) is carried out for one year from May 2018 to April 2019 for the test system with and without mirror arrangement. The total energy generated from the MISPVS during the monitoring period is found to increase from 359.10 kWh to 468.10 kWh which is around 130.3% when compared with the traditional solar PV system (TSPVS). Finally, the experimental results show that the system efficiency and capacity utilisation factor of the proposed system is enhanced to 13.09 and 17.81%, respectively.
Radiation from the impact of broad-line region clouds onto AGN accretion disks
Authors: Müller A. L. , Romero G. E. 
Published: March 2020

Context.Active galactic nuclei are supermassive black holes surrounded by an accretion disk, two populations of clouds, bipolar jets, and a dusty torus. The clouds move in Keplerian orbits at high velocities. In particular, the broad-line region (BLR) clouds have velocities ranging from 1000 to 10 000 km s−1. Given the extreme proximity of these clouds to the supermassive black hole, frequent collisions with the accretion disk should occur.Aims.The impact of BLR clouds onto the accretion disk can produce strong shock waves where particles might be accelerated. The goal of this work is to investigate the production of relativistic particles, and the associated non-thermal radiation in these events. In particular, we apply the model we develop to the Seyfert galaxyNGC 1068.Methods.We analyze the efficiency of diffusive shock acceleration in the shock of colliding clouds of the BLR with the accretion disk. We calculate the spectral energy distribution of photons generated by the relativistic particles and estimate the number of simultaneous impacts needed to explain the gamma radiation observed byFermiin Seyfert galaxies.Results.We find that is possible to understand the measured gamma emission in terms of the interaction of clouds with the disk if the hard X-ray emission of the source is at least obscured between 20% and 40%. The total number of clouds contained in the BLR region might be between 3 × 108and 6 × 108, which are values in good agreement with the observational evidence. The maximum energy achieved by the protons (∼PeV) in this context allows the production of neutrinos in the observing range of IceCube.
Talking about intercultural experiences
Authors: Schröder Ulrike 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to ask how exchange students retrospectively co-construct their first ‘culture shock’ experiences on a verbal, vocal, and visual plane. The results show that the different co-occurring levels of communication in the talk of the students offer various insights into cognitive processes: (1) Metaphorical and metonymical gestures are frequently used to represent or compress cultural dimensions in moments of high involvement and emphatic speech style. (2) Such gestures are also often historically and culturally embedded and may additionally serve to gain laughter from the co-participants in order to exaggerate the effect of cultural confrontation, underpinned by the use of prosodic cues. (3) Other prosodic means such as creaky voice may be used as a metaphorical marker for distance and represent therefore another type of cultural shock marker. (4) A dynamic understanding of blending theory might be a tool for laying cognitive processes of intercultural experiences open for the researcher.
Idioms in intercultural communication
Authors: Senkbeil Karsten 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This paper combines central ideas from Intercultural Pragmatics and Cultural Linguistics to rethink an issue that has been amply discussed in various branches of linguistics: idioms, ‘phrasemes,’ and other forms of fixed-form figurative language, when used in intercultural communication (ICC). It argues that an interaction-oriented approach needs to think beyond the description and mapping of idioms in different languages and cultures, and apply both pragmatic and cognitive linguistic approaches to explain if and how idiomatic language works (or does not work) in ICC. Methodologically, this paper relies on a combination of empirical approaches. A data-inductive analysis of authentic intercultural discourse involving native speakers of German, Afrikaans, and Zulu, who use English as a lingua franca in a project management setting provides interesting real-life examples of the pragmatic aspects of idiomatic language in authentic ICC. The results of this pragmalinguistic analysis have inspired and are accompanied by a deductive-experimental study, using questionnaires for speakers of various native languages (Arabic, German, Russian, Spanish, Turkish), testing the cross-linguistic communicability of English idioms in a ‘laboratory setting.’ These experiments show that an appreciation of both the embodied and empractic-interactional dimensions of idioms promises insights into how figurative language and fixed-form expressions are used successfully or unsuccessfully in ICC and why.
Heterogeneous distribution of cultural conceptualizations and (im)politeness evaluations
Authors: Tayebi Tahmineh 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe argumentative and variable nature of (im)politeness evaluations and perceptions has long been discussed by scholars working in the field. The variability found in the perception of (im)politeness norms is arguably one of the most important and fundamental components of (im)politeness research. By using a three-stage analysis and drawing on several authentic examples from Persian, the present study uses the notion of ‘heterogeneous distribution of cultural conceptualizations’ to account for instances where differences arise in the conceptualization of (im)politeness in Persian interactions. It will be argued that evaluations of (im)polite behavior vary according to people’s level of internalization of the cultural conceptualizations. Furthermore, this study will also address some of the most significant social and cultural factors that cause variability in people’s evaluations of what is impolite and why it is so.
Responding to dard-e-del (lit. pain of the heart) in
Persian
Authors: Bagheri Mehri 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Drawing on insights borrowed from Mey’s pragmatic act theory
(2001) and Sharifian’s framework
of Cultural Linguistics (2011, 2017a), this study attempts to explore
the pragmemes associated with the speech act of responding to
dard-e-del (lit. pain of the heart) in Persian and the
cultural pragmatic schemas underlying them. Dard-e-del can be
described as the verbal communication of suffering, sadness, or hardships to
others, mainly for the purpose of discharging negative emotions, finding relief,
and strengthening social bonds. This study argues that the language used by
speakers of Persian to respond to dard-e-del can be categorized
into three groups of pragmemes. Pragmemes, according to Mey (2010: 2884), are defined as “general
situational prototypes of [pragmatic] acts that are capable of being executed in
a particular situation or cluster of situations.” Besides, it is illustrated
that the identified pragmemes cannot be correctly used and interpreted unless
the interlocutors are aware of the cultural pragmatic schemas informing them. A
cultural pragmatic schema is described as the (assumed) shared knowledge by
members of a cultural group, which is reflected in different features of their
language (Sharifian 2017a, 2017b). Data for the present study was
collected from a number of online forums, where speakers of Persian communicate
their dard-e-del to other users. As a cultural insider, the
author has also drawn on personal observation and insights from some Persian
literary works. Qualitative analysis of the data revealed that interlocutors
mainly employ three pragmemes to respond to dard-e-del. These
pragmemes include wishing to suffer instead of the sufferer, cursing the
cause of suffering, and inviting the sufferer to submit to god’s
will. Each pragmeme has the potential to be expressed in a variety of
ways (practs), depending on the context. The speech act of responding to
dard-e-del in Persian and the associated pragmemes and
practs draw on the three cultural pragmatic schemas of
ghorbâni,
tavakkol
, and
nefrin
, which have
their roots in religion.
Linguistic expressions as cultural units
Authors: Diedrichsen Elke 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe paper argues in favor of including cultural aspects in the description of communicative interaction. According toEco (1976), a linguistic sign is a cultural unit. In order to use it properly, a speaker relies on communicative experience with this unit within a culture (Wittgenstein 1960;Feilke 1996,1998;Everett 2012). We expand the notion of ‘cultural unit’ by including internet memes found in social media (Shifman 2013,2014;Diedrichsen 2013a,2013b,2019a,2019b). The term builds on Richard Dawkins’ 1976 definition of a ‘meme’ as a unit that is the cultural equivalent of a biological gene. The paper proposes three knowledge sources for the production and comprehension of these units. The first is semiotic knowledge, the second is common ground knowledge (Clark 1996), and the third knowledge source involves culturally shared cognitive conceptualizations on which word meanings and other linguistic conventions are founded (Sharifian 2003,2011,2015,2017). These three knowledge sources are established through daily interactions and learning processes within a culture (Kecskés and Zhang 2009). The paper characterizes the application of these three knowledge sources for a variety of sign uses. We will also show that a cultural view on pragmatics, as suggested bySharifian (2017), serves to describe speech acts by identifying their culturally based source. The paper therefore demonstrates that the inclusion of cultural knowledge enables a perspective on communication that goes beyond the analysis of spoken and written words within communities of speakers, as it includes emerging means of communicative interaction in the digital age.
The development of perfectivity in Khamti Shan
Authors: Inglis Douglas 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Khamti Shan features the marking of perfectivity comprised of three clause-final particles, one perfective and two
imperfectives, each emerging from the basic verbs, yau¹ ‘finish’, u⁵ ‘live’, and
nam⁵ ‘(be) extensive’. While the perfective category is straightforward, the imperfective category shows an
unusual bifurcation, the first imperfective marker accommodating continuatives and habituals and the second imperfective marker
working exclusively with the nominal predicate construction, clauses of potentiality (hortatives, futures), and the progressive
construction. All three particles of perfectivity develop from lexical sources, with the pathways ‘finish’ >
completive > perfective and ‘live’ > continuous/progressive > imperfective being
well-documented across languages. The pathway ‘extensive’ > imperfective, on the other hand, appears unique to Khamti
Shan. I motivate the usage of these perfectivity particles (primarily) with a semantic-cognitive analysis.
Independent and dependent possessive person forms
Authors: Ye Jingting 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis study explores the coding asymmetry between independent and dependent possessive person forms (as in Englishmine/my) from a cross-linguistic perspective. On the basis of a typological survey of 70 geographically and genealogically diverse languages, this paper identifies three universal tendencies: the length universal, the constituent order universal and the alienability universal. First, the length universal claims that independent possessive person forms are either longer or as long as the dependent possessive person forms. Second, the constituent order universal claims that the internal constituent order of the person form and the substantivizer correlates with the constituent order of the possessor and the possessum. In addition, in languages where both a composite possessive marker and a composite substantivizer are used, the possessive marker is always closer to the person root. Finally, the alienability universal claims that the possessive person forms in the alienable possessive constructions are more likely to be used as independent possessive person forms than those in the inalienable possessive constructions. These universal tendencies are instances of form-frequency correspondence, which is shown by corpus evidence from three languages.