bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utilization of Hermetia illucens Larvae as A Bioconversion Agent to Reduce Organic Waste
Authors: Fadhillah N , Bagastyo A Y 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The larvae of Hermetia illucens, known as Black Soldier Fly (BSF), are utilized to reduce various types of organic waste by means of bioconversion. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of the larvae in reducing and converting mixtures of fresh food waste (FW) with other organic waste types, i.e., immature windrow composting material (IW), residue windrow composting material (RW), and fresh cow manure (CM) at three different composition ratios. The growth rate and protein content of the larvae were also determined in this study. A specific amount of organic waste mixtures was fed to the BSF larvae. The results suggest that the type of organic waste given to larvae affected the overall waste reduction and larval growth at a certain extent. The composition ratio of FW with the other wastes used was 90:10, 70:30, and 60:40 (w/w). The highest reduction percentage was at the ratio of 90:10 achieved for FW mixed with IW, FW mixed with RW, and FW mixed with CM, i.e. 82.2%, 79%, and 74.5% respectively. The protein content of larvae in those waste mixtures was 54.6%, 63.1%, and 48.75% respectively. The final residue from the decomposition of the waste by BSF larvae was also observed in this study.
Adsorption of Fe3+ ion from Aqueous Solution onto Rice Husk Biocomposite Magnetic Nanoparticle
Authors: Nata I F , Mirwan A , Wicakso D R , Irawan C , Isnaini M D , Fitriani R 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Rice husk (RH), an agricultural waste, is abundantly available in South Kalimantan. RH has been recycled only for low-value application, although rice husk has the potential to be used as natural fiber. The aim of this research is to produce an adsorbent based on rice husk fiber (RHF) and magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and study its performance on Fe3+ ion adsorption, effect on total suspended solid (TSS) and color adsorption. Rice husk was dried (60 mesh), then run through delignification process to eliminate lignin using 1% of NaOH. Rice husk biocomposite (RHB) was produced using a one-pot solvothermal reaction in the presence of RHF and FeCl3⋅6H2O. The surface of RHB was modified by amine group (RBH-MH). As control, the RBH without modification was also produced (RHB-M). The optimum adsorption was reached at pH 5 in a 60-minute period and adsorption capacity for RHB-M and RHB-MH reached 47.63 and 52.46 mg/g, respectively. The RHB-MH also had the capability to adsorb TSS and color, where approximately 87.5% of TSS and 85.81% of color were reduced. Regarding its reusability, the RHB-MH showed a good performance in 4 repeated uses. The addition of amine on the biocomposite may have affected the adsorbent by enhancing its adsorption capacity, reduced TSS and color for reactivity toward a wide range of organic pollutant.
Potential of Low Cost Sensor Usage for Waste Water IOT System
Authors: Telaga A S , Goffar E A , Sarfat W 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Mining industry is one of the industries that require huge amount of water. 1 tonne of coal requires 800-3000 gallons of water to produce. Due to the massive volume of water requirements, coal mining company must carry out water conservation. Moreover, the waste water from a coal mining process contains pollutants from mining activities that are dangerous for the environment. Therefore, the waste water must be treated to annihilate any harmful pollution before the water can be flowed back to the water resources. Stringent government regulation requires companies to report waste water quality regularly. The task to collect waste water quality data is laborious as a company needs operators to measure and checks the parameters periodically. Therefore, an on-line system to measure and collect the information is in dearth. However, expensive industrial sensors pose difficulties for small-scale coal mining. The paper presents the potential of low cost sensor for waste water online monitoring in coal mine. The experiment uses sediment from the waste water pond of a coal mining site. Two sensors are used to measure pH and total suspended solid (TSS). While pH level can be directly read from the sensor, TSS reading uses estimation from turbidity sensor. Log linear regression is used to plot the relation between turbidity and TSS. The R value shows that the low cost turbidity sensor is able to estimate TSS.
Evaluation of Zona Air Minum Prima (ZAMP) Program in Ngagel Tirto Surabaya
Authors: Erianik D , Marsono B D , Soedjono E S 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Zona Air Minum Prima (ZAMP) is a special area where the water distributed to customers has met the quality standard to be directly consumed without needing to be boiled first. PDAM Surya Sembada Surabaya implemented the Zona Air Minum Prima (ZAMP) program starting on May 2018 in Ngagel Tirto by serving 152 house connections. However, to implement the ZAMP program in Surabaya, there are various challenges and constraints both from technical and community factors. Therefore, to find out the condition of the implementation of ZAMP program, an analysis of the operational aspects and utilization aspects of potable water by customers of ZAMP program is needed. The method that we used in this research was by taking water quality samples for measurement of total coliform and residual chlorine parameters as well as the pressure at customers’ house connections, water quality analysis in laboratory, distribution network analysis with WaterCAD v8i, questionnaires and literature studies. In operational aspect, the distribution system is almost continuous for 24 hours with an average production capacity that has been able to fulfill the customer water usage during peak hours. The pressure at the farthest point of distribution network has met the minimum criteria. About 70% of water samples have met the quality standard of potable water for total coliform parameters. In utilization aspect of potable water by the customer, the percentage of customers who directly consume potable water from the tap is 0%. However, about 73% of respondents are interested to consume potable water if PDAM can guarantee that the water quality has met the quality standard of potable water until the water reaches the tap of customers’ house.
Drinking Water Processing Using UV Rays
Authors: Purwoto S , Rusdiyantoro  , Sembodo B P , Nurcahyanie Y D 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Pollution by pathogenic bacteria and other parasites can occur in groundwater. To reduce such pollution, disinfection can be used, including the use of ozone, chlorine gas, and ultraviolet light. The purpose of this study is to determine the ability to reduce parameters in groundwater according to drinking water quality standards of the following treatments: coagulation, filtration, absorption, deionization, and disinfection. The method of treating drinking water using UV light was carried out following the procedure where affixing of coagulant aid was the initial treatment and the filtration treatment used polypropylene sediments. Furthermore, treatments removed Fe and Mn using ferrolite, reduced hardness using manganese greensand, reduced cations using anion resins, and reduced anions using cation resins. Coliform bacteria were decreased using UV light. The findings of this study showed the following reductions of the parameters: total dissolved solids 5,319 mg/l, turbidity of 6 NTU scales, color 0.634 units of PtCo, fluoride 0.5 mg/l F, total hardness of 1,573.2 mg/l CaCO3, chloride 2,049.8 mg/l Cl, manganese 1.4793 mg/l Mn, nitrate 7.98 mg/l NO3-N, nitrite 0.703 mg/l NO2-N, zinc 0.02 mg/l Zn, cyanide 0.001 mg/l CN, sulfate 459,58 mg/l SO4, organic substance 3.82 mg/l KMnO4, detergent 0.03 mg/l LAS, fecal (E. Coli) 900 MPN/100 ml, total coliform 5,166 MPN/100 ml.
Design of Water Distribution by Using Umbulan Water in West Surabaya
Authors: Kurniawan Y C , Marsono B D , Soedjono E S , Yuniarto A 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Umbulan spring water would be used as raw water for clean water production by Surabaya City. Umbulan water would be sold in bulk for Rp3,300.00/m3 in 2019. The price would rise by 5.53% annually. The difference between Umbulan water price and PDAM Kota Surabaya tap water rates encouraged PDAM Kota Surabaya to plan using Umbulan water source. In its design, PDAM Kota Surabaya would make a special area that would use only Umbulan water as tap water. To maintain its quality, Umbulan water must be distributed separately from PDAM Water. There are two alternative plans to distribute Umbulan water. The first alternative was by isolating the distribution pipes in the planned area. The second alternative was by using new food-grade pipes without isolating the existing pipe. These two alternatives affect water flow pattern in West Surabaya. Customers in the planned area still doubted the quality of Umbulan water. However, customers in that area were willing to pay a higher rate as long as it would not increase more than Rp50,000.00 monthly. By using Umbulan water and not rising tap water’s rates, PDAM Kota Surabaya would not experience any deficit until 2023. But, if PDAM Kota Surabaya increased tap water’s rate, PDAM Surabaya would not get any deficit until 2030.
The Role of HACCP Method in Determining Drinking Water Quality
Authors: Karnaningroem N , Sunaya M U L 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
One of the main daily needs of human beings is drinking water. Clean drinking water can sustain every aspect of human life. From time to time, humankind already discovered multiple water resources which can be used in various ways. One of them is mineral bottled water. Yet not even this water source is guaranteed safe to be consumed. There might be many contaminants contained in the mineral bottled water production process. This triggers the need to form an applicable, comprehensive, and standardized method to determine which drinking water sources are safe for consumption. One of the methods which can fulfill the requirements is HACCP. HACCP (Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point) is a system to analyze risks by determining a sufficient controlling and supervision method to avoid irregularity in the production system. There are five primary principles in HACCP method, i.e. analyzing the risks on the system, determining critical control points and critical limits, arranging monitoring procedure and organizing corrective action in the diversion of critical limit which surpassed toleration limit. Mineral bottled water production system can be an ideal subject for the application of HACCP method due to its detailed system which can be analyzed further.
Study of the Wastewater Treatment Plant at Industrial Estate Rungkut Surabaya (SIER), East Java, Indonesia
Authors: de Araujo J P , Tangahu B V 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
An evalution was done on the domestic and non-domestic wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) at PT. SIER. The purpose of this study is to analyze three aspects of the WWTPs i.e. technical aspect, institutional aspect and environmental aspect. One of the methods used was a combination of physical methods (primary treatment), biological methods (secondary treatment) without using or adding chemicals. Another was conducting a study of the adequacy of human resources management and installation manager at PT. SIER. In addition, environmental reviews of the management and monitoring plan to anticipate impacts of the company WWTP were also conducted. The results showed that the maximum flowrate was 10,000 m3/day which is equal to 11.57 L/s. The average discharge was 5,672 m3/day, equal to 6.65 L/s, while the exisiting flowrate was 7,000 m3/day, equal to 8.18 L/s. Results of the study provide recommendations of technical and non technical management and maintainance of the WWTP.
Waste Transportation Route Optimization in Malang using Network Analysis
Authors: Putra A.H , Amalia A. , Putro R.K.H , Darmayani L.F 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Malang has a projection population of 861,414 people in 2018. This big population would cause waste generation that is increasing every day. Waste generation was recorded at the amount of up to 646.07 tonnes/day just from Malang in 2018. However, waste transported to landfill was only 516.84 tonnes/day. It means that the load factor was only 84.73%. Waste transportation problems come from various factor. Malang had only 68 temporary waste storage (TPS) that were spread in the city. This number of TPS was not commensurate with waste generation that was generated every day. The limited number of trucks was another issue considering Malang only had 35 trucks capable of making three trips per day. Limited number of trucks and TPS has led to a bad situation for transporting waste. As a result, many wastes were left behind in TPS. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the best route for the trucks sso that the waste route can be optimized using network analysis in ArcGIS. This study assessed one route of a truck which had the longest distance (TPS Tunggul Wulung) with a total of 60.2 km at a time that it reached in 113.8 minutes. The result of the network analysis method with ArcGIS showed that the total distance declined to 36.2 km. This indicates that the alternative route shown by the shortest distance method has been able to reduce the existing distance for waste transportation route by 24 km. This certainly resulted in the decline in travel time for ± 39 minutes/day. This indicates that the existing routes can be optimized by alternative route network analysis in ArcGIS.
Assessing Risk on The Engineering Procurement Construction (EPC) Project from The Perspective of The Owner: A Case Study
Authors: Nurdiana A , Susanti R 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Risk is part of infrastructure projects, and EPC projects are no exception. Risk is a consequence of uncertainty conditions. In construction projects, the risk cannot be predicted because there are a lot of uncertainties in predicting problems [1]. The risks in different types of contract projects would also be different, because of the different characteristics of each contract. In this study, the risk of construction projects was reviewed based on the project life cycle of the E.P.C (Engineering Procurement Contract) contract. The aim of this study is to analyze the risk from the perception of the owner of the project with the Engineering, Procurement, and Construction contract type. Primary data collected were in the form of identification and assessment of the impact and risk probability obtained by interviews and questionnaires. Data analysis was done with the Risk Breakdown Structure method to determine the risk ranking. The risk analysis of the Engineering Procurement Construction project from the owner’s perception showed that the majority risk was risk in the low category (46%), then moderate risk (27%), and high risk (27%).
The Effect of Adding Minerals on Plastic Aggregate to Lightweight Concrete
Authors: Wiswamitra K A , Dewi S M , Choiron M A , Wibowo A 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This research was conducted by making several concrete mixtures using artificial aggregates from PET (polyethylene terephthalate) plastic and mineral mixtures. Four types of minerals were used; namely, fine sand, fly ash, rice husk ash, and Portland cement. Each of these powders was added to the plastic melt during the aggregate manufacturing process. Five types of aggregates were produced including one artificial aggregate without any mineral addition. The initial test results showed that for all minerals, the use of artificial aggregates as a substitute for natural coarse aggregates tended to increase the compressive strength of concrete when compared to the reference concrete, i.e. concrete with pure PET aggregate (without added minerals). At this step, it was seen that the addition of cement and rice husk ash to PET aggregates provided the highest concrete compressive strength. In the next stage, by adding cement content to the concrete mixture, artificial aggregates from PET plastic were able to produce concrete that meets the requirements as structural lightweight concrete, both as a substitute for natural coarse aggregates and for the overall natural aggregates (fine and coarse aggregates).
The Empirical Prediction of The Critical Area of Road Embankment Landslide Using Limit Equilibrium Method
Authors: Sari P T K , Lastiasih Y 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This study presents the empirical prediction of the critical area for road embankment landslide. Limit equilibrium method which can also be referred to as LEM was used to obtain the factor of safety, circular centre of landslide, moment of resistance and other landslide variables. The variables used in this study were the typical soil subgrade and embankment dimension. A conclusion obtained from this study is that the safety factor is not the only determinant of the amount of embankment reinforcement needs. Other variables namely the center of landslide and delta moment resistance were also very decisive. The smallest safety factor did not necessarily result in the number of critical reinforcement requirements of landslide reinforce. In addition, the landslide area which produced the largest amount of reinforcing needs was different for each variable used in this study. This research also produced some empirical formula to determine the landslide area which produces the highest number of geotextiles from 180 trials in each variation. The empirical formula is expected to assist the designer for reinforcement needs in road embankment.
Functional shoe for the detection of walking pattern anomalies
Authors: Malengier B , Tseghai G B , Ciocci M C , Mengistie D A , Van Langenhove L 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAnalysis of walking patterns can play an important role in the diagnosis of musculoskeletal disorder and detecting anomalies in walking gaits. In this work, we introduce a systematic approach to detect person’s walking patterns. A flexible resistive pressure sensor, developed from electro-conductive textile fabric, is non-intrusively integrated in an ordinary shoe together with a time of flight height sensor. The constructed shoe detects both the pressure between shoe and foot and the gap between shoe and ground. The combination of those give a trace of the walking pattern. The shoe should be functional in detecting walking pattern anomalies.
Hybridization of game theory and ridesharing to optimize reverse logistics of healthcare textiles
Authors: Ahlaqqach Mustapha , Benhra J , Mouatassim S , Lamrani S 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The reverse logistic of Healthcare Textile has become nowadays a major concern in Morocco. Consequently, it imposes to authorities and professionals the obligation to perform a sustainable reverse logistic model. Through this study, we are going to hybridize game theory and ridesharing to optimize a multi-objective reverse logistics of healthcare textiles. We opted for the Genetic algorithm to face the complexity of the ridesharing model. For cost allocation, the allocation based on volume give best results compared to Alternative Cost Avoided Method. Besides, it allows a higher gain for players with the most important activity.
Influent product and process parameters on the mechanical behaviour of 3D warp interlock fabrics made with E-glass yarns
Authors: Kececi A , Boussu F , Soulat D 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
3D weaving process has been more and more used as reinforcement for composite materials. However, 3D weaving applications are recent and the mechanical properties of the 3D warp interlock fabrics are not well known. Tensile tests have been performed both in the warp and weft directions of the fabrics, indeed they lead to different behaviour regarding the architecture. Results from experiments have been statistically analysed using PLS regression. This study led to correlations between fabrics parameters and mechanical behaviour. Moreover, it revealed that fabrics parameters such as the binding type, the yarns crimp and the picks density have influence on the quasi-static mechanical behaviour.
Preparation and characterization of a new low-cost polyacrylonitrile adsorbent
Authors: Bouchoum Hayat , El Bouchti Mehdi , Jada Amane , Tahiri Mohamed , Cherkaoui Omar 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAmidoximated polyacrylonitrile fibers (AO-PANF) was synthesized using hydroxylamine chelating agent to prepare an effective adsorbent for heavy metal and dyes removal. This study is the continuation of an earlier study and focuses on the characterization of the adsorbent. The thermal properties of adsorbent were evaluated using TGA and DSC analysis. The mechanical properties of the adsorbent were also been investigated. Characterization results reveal an improvement of thermal stabilities due to the modification process using hydroxylamine chelating agent. However, a reduction in mechanical properties was showed.
100% PVDF 3D textiles structures to improve energy harvesting
Authors: Talbourdet A , Cochrane C , Rault F , Lemort G , Campagne C , Devaux E 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
With a final view to prototyping a textile energy harvesting system, piezoelectric textile structures based on 100% poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) were developed and characterized. Multifilaments of 246 tex were produced by melt spinning. The mechanical stretching during the process provides PVDF fibers with an optimal β-phase ratio (97%). Some studies have already been carried out on piezoelectric PVDF-based structures as films or textiles. The goal of the study is the investigation of the differences between 2D and 3D woven fabrics structures from piezoelectric PVDF multifilament yarns. The textile structures were poled after the weaving process, and a maximum output voltage of 2.3 V was observed on an angle - through-the-thickness interlock (interlock 3D structure) under compression by DMA tests. Energy harvesting is optimized in a 3D interlock thanks to the stresses of the multifilaments in the thickness. This finding has led to the design of an inner sole prototype from a knitting structure and another structure with piezoelectric fibers outside the plane of the fabric. The prototype is able to harvest energy and the results are consistent with the measurement realized with DMA under dynamic compression close to walking.
Mitigation of environmental impact caused by flame retardant textile finishing chemicals
Authors: Nora Boisserée , de Castro Paula Félix , Ine De Vilder , Ariadna Detrell , Josep Casamada 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
LIFE FLAREX project focuses on the mitigation of environmental and health impacts caused by toxic compounds that are contained in commonly used flame retardants (FRs) in home textiles which are based on halogenated-, antimony trioxide-, formaldehyde release related products. Conventionally used FRs in the home textile sector are decabromodiphenyl ethane, its combination with antimony trioxide and dialkyl phosphono carboxylic acid amides, respectively. The project evaluates alternative FRs and their feasibility at the industrial scale level. Among all the home textile applications, curtains, upholstery, mattress ticking and bedding sheets were selected as the most interesting products in terms of need for substitution. Within these applications, cotton, polyester and polyester/cotton blends were selected as most representatives. Technical performance, flame retardant resistance as well as washing durability was evaluated for up to eight different alternatives and compared to the conventional FRs. The alternative FRs included mixtures of phosphates, ammonium polyphosphate, expandable graphite, guanidine phosphate, ammonium sulphamate and other new patented technologies in the market. A toxicological assessment through skin-FRs contact measurements is being conducted for assessing their absorption and toxicological properties. Additionally, an environmental and health assessment is also being conducted as well as a life cycle assessment comprising environmental, economic and social considerations. The project has at the moment demonstrated the feasible substitution of the aforementioned toxic FRs for greener and safer FR alternatives.