bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plant adaptation to climate change—Where are we?
Authors: Anderson Jill T. , Song Bao‐Hua 
Published: June 2020

AbstractClimate change poses critical challenges for population persistence in natural communities, for agriculture and environmental sustainability, and for food security. In this review, we discuss recent progress in climatic adaptation in plants. We evaluate whether climate change exerts novel selection and disrupts local adaptation, whether gene flow can facilitate adaptive responses to climate change, and whether adaptive phenotypic plasticity could sustain populations in the short term. Furthermore, we discuss how climate change influences species interactions. Through a more in‐depth understanding of these eco‐evolutionary dynamics, we will increase our capacity to predict the adaptive potential of plants under climate change. In addition, we review studies that dissect the genetic basis of plant adaptation to climate change. Finally, we highlight key research gaps, ranging from validating gene function to elucidating molecular mechanisms, expanding research systems from model species to other natural species, testing the fitness consequences of alleles in natural environments, and designing multifactorial studies that more closely reflect the complex and interactive effects of multiple climate change factors. By leveraging interdisciplinary tools (e.g., cutting‐edge omics toolkits, novel ecological strategies, newly developed genome editing technology), researchers can more accurately predict the probability that species can persist through this rapid and intense period of environmental change, as well as cultivate crops to withstand climate change, and conserve biodiversity in natural systems.
The risk of pregnancy‐associated hypertension in women with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Jung Young Mi , Lee Seung Mi , Hong Subeen , Koo Ja Nam , Oh Ig Hwan , Kim Byoung Jae , Kim Sun Min , Kim Sang Youn , Kim Gyoung Min , Kyung Joo Sae , Shin Sue , Norwitz Errol R. , Park Chan‐Wook , Jun Jong Kwan , Kim Won , Park Joong Shin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackground & AimsNonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an independent predictor of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in non‐pregnant adults. Although the biological mechanisms underlying this association are not completely understood, metabolic factors, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction are likely all involved. The association between NAFLD and pregnancy‐associated hypertension (HTN) has not been systematically examined. The aim of this study is to assess the risk of pregnancy‐associated HTN in pregnant women with NAFLD.MethodsThis is secondary analysis of a prospective study of healthy pregnant women. Liver ultrasonography was performed at 10‐14 weeks of gestation and maternal blood was taken for the measurement of selenoprotein P (SeP), a hepatokine independently associated with both NAFLD and CVD. Pregnancy‐associated HTN was defined as the development of gestational HTN, preeclampsia, or eclampsia.ResultsAmong 877 pregnant women, the risk of developing pregnancy‐associated HTN was significantly increased in women with NAFLD compared to those without NAFLD. Grade 2‐3 steatosis was a significant predictor of pregnancy‐associated HTN, even after adjustment for metabolic risk factors. Circulating levels of SeP were significantly higher in women with versus those without NAFLD (P = .001) and was significantly higher also in women who subsequently developed pregnancy‐associated HTN compared with those who did not (P < .005).ConclusionsSonographic evidence of NAFLD at 10‐14 weeks is an independent predictor of pregnancy‐associated HTN. Circulating levels of SeP at that same gestational age are significantly increased in pregnant women with NAFLD who subsequently develop pregnancy‐associated HTN.
Detecting safety helmet wearing on construction sites with bounding‐box regression and deep transfer learning
Authors: Shen Jie , Xiong Xin , Li Ying , He Wei , Li Peng , Zheng Xiaoyu 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDetecting safety helmet wearing in surveillance videos is an essential task for safety management, compliance with regulations, and reducing the death rate from construction industry accidents. However, it is much challenged by some factors like interocclusion, scale variances, perspective distortion, small object detection, and the carrier recognition of safety helmet. Traditional image‐based methods suffer from them. This article proposes a new methodology for detecting safety helmet wearing, which makes use of convolutional neural network‐based face detection and bounding‐box regression for safety helmet detection. On the one hand, the method can help to recognize the carrier of the safety helmet and detect a multiscale and small safety helmet. On the other hand, deep transfer learning based on DenseNet is introduced and applied using two different strategies, namely, object feature extractor and fine‐tuning for safety helmet recognition. To further improve the recognition accuracy, the network model with two peer DenseNet networks is trained by mutual distillation. Extensive analysis and experiments show that the novel methodology has considerable advantages in detecting safety helmet wearing compared to other state‐of‐the‐art models. The proposed model has achieved 96.2% recall, 96.2% precision, and 94.47% average detection accuracy. These results, precision‐recall (PR) curve, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve demonstrate the feasibility of the new model.
Phenomics‐based GWAS analysis reveals the genetic architecture for drought resistance in cotton
Authors: Li Baoqi , Chen Lin , Sun Weinan , Wu Di , Wang Maojun , Yu Yu , Chen Guoxing , Yang Wanneng , Lin Zhongxu , Zhang Xianlong , Duan Lingfeng , Yang Xiyan 
Published: June 2020

SummaryDrought resistance (DR) is a complex trait that is regulated by a variety of genes. Without comprehensive profiling of DR‐related traits, the knowledge of the genetic architecture for DR in cotton remains limited. Thus, there is a need to bridge the gap between genomics and phenomics. In this study, an automatic phenotyping platform (APP) was systematically applied to examine 119 image‐based digital traits (i‐traits) during drought stress at the seedling stage, across a natural population of 200 representative upland cotton accessions. Some novel i‐traits, as well as some traditional i‐traits, were used to evaluate the DR in cotton. The phenomics data allowed us to identify 390 genetic loci by genome‐wide association study (GWAS) using 56 morphological and 63 texture i‐traits. DR‐related genes, including GhRD2, GhNAC4, GhHAT22 and GhDREB2, were identified as candidate genes by some digital traits. Further analysis of candidate genes showed that Gh_A04G0377 and Gh_A04G0378 functioned as negative regulators for cotton drought response. Based on the combined digital phenotyping, GWAS analysis and transcriptome data, we conclude that the phenomics dataset provides an excellent resource to characterize key genetic loci with an unprecedented resolution which can inform future genome‐based breeding for improved DR in cotton.
Promoting dementia awareness in African‐American faith communities
Authors: Epps Fayron , Alexander Karah , Brewster Glenna S. , Parker Lauren J. , Chester Mia , Tomlinson Audrey , Adkins Aisha , Zingg Sabrina , Thornton Jacque 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIntroductionAlzheimer's disease and other dementia‐related disorders are affecting the African‐American community at alarming rates. African‐American churches have traditionally been places of refuge where families go for support. However, many churches lack programs or resources to support families affected by dementia. In response, a nurse‐led interdisciplinary collaborative partnered with churches to promote dementia awareness through education.PurposeThe purpose of this analysis was to (a) describe the demographics of those seeking dementia education in African‐American faith communities; (b) identify prior knowledge of dementia community resources; and (c) determine the preliminary usefulness of the education provided.MethodsOver the course of 16 months, 202 individuals attended nine educational sessions hosted by five churches across metropolitan Atlanta. Quantitative surveys were used to collect demographics and evaluate the educational sessions.ResultsThe majority of attendees were African‐American adults (91%), women (75%), and unaware of dementia resources (66%). Several attendees identified themselves as church leaders, community/church members, caregivers, and/or healthcare professionals. Attendees expressed the educational content was applicable to themselves or their families.ConclusionResults help identify ways to alter and/or strengthen the educational content and serve as a guide for developing culturally relevant, faith‐based community programs.
Recommendations for initial examination, differential diagnosis, and management of concussion and other head injuries in high‐level football
Authors: Feddermann‐Demont Nina , Chiampas Georges , Cowie Charlotte M. , Meyer Tim , Nordström Anna , Putukian Margot , Straumann Dominik , Kramer Efraim 
Published: June 2020

Head injuries can result in substantially different outcomes, ranging from no detectable effect to transient functional impairments to life‐threatening structural lesions. In high‐level international football (soccer) tournaments, on average, one head injury occurs in every third match. Making the diagnosis and determining the severity of a head injury immediately on‐pitch or off‐field is a major challenge for team physicians, especially because clinical signs of a brain injury can develop over several minutes, hours, or even days after the injury. A standardized approach is useful to support team physicians in their decision whether the player should be allowed to continue to play or should be removed from play after head injury. A systematic, football‐specific procedure for examination and management during the first 72 hours after head injuries and a graduated Return‐to‐Football program for high‐level players have been developed by an international group of experts based on current national and international guidelines for the management of acute head injuries. The procedure includes seven stages from the initial on‐pitch examination to the graduated Return‐to‐Football program. Details of the assessments and the consequences of different outcomes are described for each stage. Criteria for emergency management (red flags), removal from play (orange flags), and referral to specialists for further diagnosis and treatment (persistent orange flags) are provided. The guidelines for return to sport after concussion‐type head injury are specified for football. Thus, the present paper presents a comprehensive procedure for team physicians after a head injury in high‐level football.
Hydroponics with wastewater: a review of trends and opportunities
Authors: Cifuentes‐Torres Liliana , Mendoza‐Espinosa Leopoldo G. , Correa‐Reyes Gabriel , Daesslé Luis Walter 
Published: June 2020

AbstractHydroponics is a method of crop production that has been successfully used for the growth of vegetables and flowers. It uses a nutrient solution and generally controlled environmental conditions which makes it more energy intensive, yet more productive than conventional agriculture. Hydroponic systems can be used as a treatment process for partially treated wastewater or reclaimed water (RW) before its release to the environment, as plants have the ability to uptake nutrients, toxic metals and emerging contaminants. The present review has the aim to look into the advantages of hydroponics and evaluate the success of using RW as a nutrient solution. It was found that many examples exist of successful experiments; however, full‐scale examples are still limited. With the recent interest in vertical farming and the production of legal cannabis, interest in hydroponics has increased and the use of RW as a nutrient solution may finally be economically viable.
Packaging Environmental Sensors for Monitoring Urban-Microclimates
Authors: Dey Shuv , Michael Brown J. , Joshi Yogendra 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
An internet-of-things (IoT)-based low-cost sensor network can be used to collect the data necessary to study both Urban Heat Island (UHI) and air pollution. There are several key challenges associated with an IoT-based solution to environmental data monitoring, including packaging and deployment. This study explores these challenges by looking at effects the packaging has on the deployed environmental sensors. Several packaging designs are numerically studied using a computation fluid dynamics (CFD) model. Two sensor designs are chosen using results obtained from CFD modeling and then experimentally deployed. The findings conclude that the IoT sensors chosen for this study are not significantly affected by flow velocities or require advanced packaging designs when paired with street-side outdoor digital displays.
Development of a Tensile Strain Capacity Predictive Model for American Petroleum Institute 5L X42 Welded Vintage Pipelines
Authors: Agbo Sylvester , Imanpour Ali , Li Yong , Kainat Muntaseer , Yoosef-Ghodsi Nader , Cheng J. J. Roger , Adeeb Samer 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Pipelines can be exposed to a wide variety of loads, depending on the environments and the area of application. These loads may impose large longitudinal plastic strain on pipelines, which could constitute a significant threat to the structural capacity of the pipeline. Reliable calibration of the strain capacity of pipelines plays an important role in the strain-based design (SBD) method. In this paper, a tensile strain capacity (TSC) predictive model (an equation) for welded X42 vintage pipes has been developed by conducting nonlinear parametric analysis followed by nonlinear regression analysis. First, our previously validated extended finite element method (XFEM) model was used to demonstrate the applicability of the XFEM in simulating full-scale ductile fracture response of pipelines subjected to biaxial loading, using pressurized American Petroleum Institute (API) 5L X42 vintage pipes subjected to four-point bending. Second, a parametric study investigating the effects of pipe and defect geometries as well as loading on the pipe TSC is presented. The nonlinear parameterization using XFEM was conducted in abaqus/standard. The TSC trends obtained for the various parameters considered were examined to derive appropriate individual variable functions for each parameter while taking any significant interactions between the parameters into consideration. Also, a nonlinear regression analysis is employed to develop a nonlinear semi-empirical model for predicting the TSC. The results obtained from the developed TSC predictive model (TSCvin.) was compared with those evaluated using the validated XFEM models. The results showed good agreement. Finally, statistical analysis was conducted to ensure the model is unbiased and predicts conservative TSCs by modifying the model using probabilistic error analysis. The modified model is capable of increasing the confidence level in the predicted TSC hence becoming a practical tool for reliable prediction of TSC of X42 vintage pipes needed for conducting pipeline integrity assessment. This modified predictive model is useful in practical applications because it provides a quantifiable degree of conservatism and reliability to the predicted TSCs.
Curriculum framework for advanced practice nursing in sub-Saharan Africa: a multimethod study
Authors: Christmals Christmal Dela , Armstrong Susan J 
Published: June 2020

ObjectivesThe implementation of advanced practice nursing (APN) programmes in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has been difficult due to lack of SSA-specific curriculum frameworks or benchmarks to guide institutions in developing and implementing APN programmes. A few APN programmes in SSA were benchmarked on western philosophy and materials, making local ownership and sustainability challenging. This paper presents an SSA-specific concept-based APN (Child Health Nurse Practitioner, CHNP) curriculum framework developed to guide institutions in developing relevant and responsive APN curricula in order to qualify CHNP and contribute to a decreased incidence of preventable deaths of children in the SSA region.DesignA sequential multimethod study design consisting of a scoping review, Delphi study, development of a framework by a curriculum team, and evaluation of the curriculum framework by faculty from 15 universities in SSA.SettingThis study included universities from East, West, Central and Southern Africa.ParticipantsThe study included international multidisciplinary health professionals and curriculum development experts from 15 universities in 10 SSA countries.ResultsA concept-based Advanced CHNP curriculum framework was developed. The faculty who evaluated the curriculum framework for applicability within their institutions and the SSA context unanimously stated that the framework is detailed, evidenced-based and could be adapted for other APN specialty areas.ConclusionThe Child Health Nurse Practitioner curriculum framework is comprehensive, context-specific and has the potential to respond to the special child healthcare needs of SSA. It is adaptable for other APN specialty programmes in SSA. Nursing leaders should lobby for funding and advocate for the introduction of the CHNP programme as a collaborative process between government, clinical services, communities and educational institutions.
Feasibility randomised controlled trial of remote symptom chemotherapy toxicity monitoring using the Canadian adapted Advanced Symptom Management System (ASyMS-Can): a study protocol
Authors: Moradian Saeed , Krzyzanowska Monika , Maguire Roma , Kukreti Vishal , Amir Eitan , Morita Plinio P , Liu Geoffrey , Howell Doris 
Published: June 2020

IntroductionTechnology is emerging as a solution to develop home-based, proactive ‘real-time’ symptom monitoring and management in cancer care. The Advanced Symptom Monitoring and Management System—Canada (ASyMS-Can) is a remote phone-based symptom management system that enables real-time remote monitoring of systemic chemotherapy toxicities.Methods and analysisThis study is an open-label, prospective, mixed-method, Phase II, 2-arm parallel group assignment (ASyMS-Can vs usual care) feasibility study in patients with cancer receiving systemic (neo-adjuvant or adjuvant) chemotherapy at Princess Margaret Cancer Centre. A total of 114 patients will be recruited in oncology clinics prior to initiation of chemotherapy. Patients in both arms will complete a demographic and a set of questionnaires at enrolment, mid and end of treatment. Patients in intervention arm will be provided with an encrypted, secure, preprogrammed ASyMS phone for symptom reporting daily for the first 14 days of each chemotherapy treatment cycle up to sixth cycle (16 weeks). Feasibility metrics (recruitment, retention and protocol adherence) and outcomes to assess impact of ASyMS—Can include symptom severity, emotional distress, quality of life and acceptability to patients and clinicians.Ethics and disseminationThe study has received ethical and institutional approvals from the University Health Network. Dissemination will include presentations at national/international conferences, and publications in peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numberNCT03335189.
Is dezocine effective and safe in preventing opioids-induced cough during general anaesthesia induction? A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: He Li-xian , Shao Ken , Ma Jie , Zhao Yuan-yuan , Yao Yun-tai 
Published: June 2020

IntroductionCough is often observed when administrating a bolus of opioids. Opioid-induced cough (OIC) is mostly transient, benign and self-limiting, but could be associated with adverse effects. Numerous pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions have been used to manage OIC with controversial efficacy and safety. Recent studies suggested that, pretreatment of intravenous dezocine (DZC) could completely suppress OIC during anaesthesia induction. To address this knowledge lack, we will perform a systemic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy of DZC on OIC and possible complications. We provide here a protocol that will outline the methods and analyses planned for the systematic review.MethodsPubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science as well as Chinese BioMedical Literature & Retrieval System (SinoMed), China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data and VIP Data will be searched from 1978 to 31 December 2019 to identify all randomised controlled trials comparing DZC with placebo on the incidence and severity of OIC. Primary outcomes of interest include the incidence and severity of OIC. Secondary outcomes of interest include possible complications or adverse effects of DZC. Two authors will independently extract relevant variables and outcome data. For continuous variables, treatment effects will be calculated as weighted mean difference and 95% CI. For dichotomous data, treatment effects will be calculated as OR and 95% CI. Each outcome will be tested for heterogeneity, and randomised-effects or fixed-effects model will be used in the presence or absence of significant heterogeneity. Sensitivity analyses will be done by examining the influence of statistical model and individual trial(s) on estimated treatment effects. Publication bias will be explored through visual inspection of funnel plots of the outcomes. Statistical significance will be defined as p<0.05.Ethics and disseminationThis study is a protocol of meta-analysis of previously published literatures, ethical approval was not necessary according to the Ethical Committee of Fuwai Hospital. The study will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal and disseminated via research presentations.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42019141255.
Augmented reality and virtual reality in our daily life
Authors: Krishnamurth Vallidevi , K. Nagarajan K. , Prasad D.Venkata Vara , Kumar Ganesh , Natarajan Arjith , Saravanan Shailesh , Natarajan Akshaya , Murugan Shankaran , Rushitaa Dattuluri 
Published: June 2020

Augmented reality, the new age technology, has widespread applications in every field imaginable. This technology has proven to be an inflection point in numerous verticals, improving lives and improving performance. In this paper, we explore the various possible applications of Augmented Reality (AR) in the field of Medicine. The objective of using AR in medicine or generally in any field is the fact that, AR helps in motivating the user, making sessions interactive and assist in faster learning. In this paper, we discuss about the applicability of AR in the field of medical diagnosis. Augmented reality technology reinforces remote collaboration, allowing doctors to diagnose patients from a different locality. Additionally, we believe that a much more pronounced effect can be achieved by bringing together the cutting edge technology of AR and the lifesaving field of Medical sciences. AR is a mechanism that could be applied in the learning process too. Similarly, virtual reality could be used in the field where more of practical experience is needed such as driving, sports, neonatal care training.