bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
P34 24-Hour Ambulatory Brachial Versus Aortic Systolic Blood Pressure: Relationship with Left Ventricular Mass Significantly Differs. Pooled Results from the International 24 Hour Aortic Blood Pressure Consortium (i24ABC)
Authors: Wassertheurer Siegfried , Protogerou Athanase , Sharman James , Sala Enrique Rodilla , Jankowski Piotr , Muiesan Maria Lorenza , Giannattasio Cristina , Hametner Bernhard , Pascual Jose Maria , Zweiker Robert , Argyris Antonio , Paini Anna , Wilkinson Ian , Czarnecka Danuta , Salvetti Massimo , Maloberti Alessandro , McEniery Carmel , Li Yan , Nemcsik Janos , Pucci Giacomo , Ablasser Cornelia , Blacher Jacques , Valleé Alexandre , de la Sierra Alejandro , Zhang Yi , Ji Hongwei , McDonnell Barry , Mota Marco , Paiva Annelise , Brandao Andrea , Weber Thomas 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
There is evidence of a closer relation between 24 hour aortic systolic blood pressure (aSBP) and left ventricular mass (LVM) compared with 24 hour brachial SBP. However, sample sizes are relatively small and there is some inconsistency in findings. We sought to address this by pooling data from 16 centers in Asia, Europe and Latin America to determine the relationship between LVM and brachial office, as well as brachial and aortic 24 hour ambulatory SBP.

Methods
In all centers, brachial and aortic SBP was measured with the same validated oscillometric device, using a transfer function for aortic pressure, and mean/diastolic pressure calibration. LVM was determined by echocardiography.

Results
We studied 2092 participants (972 women) with a mean age of 52 years. Mean brachial office BP was 137/84 mmHg, and mean 24 hour bSBP and aSBP was 126 [118;134] and 131 [120;137] mm Hg, respectively. Mean LVM indexed to body surface area was 88.4 g/m and 27.2% of participants had left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). The correlation coefficients between LVM and brachial office SBP, 24 hour bSBP, and 24 hour aSBP were 0.24, 0.35, and 0.43, respectively (p < 0.001 for differences). The areas under the curve for prediction of LVH were 0.62, 0.67, and 0.70 for brachial office SBP, 24 hour bSBP, and 24 hour aSBP, respectively (p < 0.001 for differences).

Conclusion
In this pooled analysis of international data, we demonstrate that aortic ambulatory SBP, measured with an oscillometric cuff, shows a significantly closer association with hypertensive cardiac organ damage (left ventricular mass and hypertrophy) than brachial office/brachial ambulatory systolic blood pressure.
P35 Education Level may Modify the Association Between Cardiac Index and Cognitive Function Among Elders with Normal Ejection Function
Authors: Hao-Min Cheng , Shao-Yuan Chuang , Yu-Ting Ko , Chao-Feng Liao , Wen-Harn Pan , Wen-Ling Liu , Chen-Ying Hung , Chen-Huan Chen 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Lower cardiac index (CI) in elders without clinical heart disease has been associated with impaired cognitive function and incident dementia. In the present study, we investigated the modulating effects of education level and arterial stiffness on the association between CI and cognitive function among older adults.

Methods
A total of 723 elders (≥60 years, 50.1% female) with normal left ventricular ejection-fraction (≥50%) were identified from the Cardiovascular Diseases Risk Factor Two-Township Study. CI was calculated from the Doppler-derived stroke volume. We evaluated arterial stiffness by measuring carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (CFPWV) and global cognitive function by using the Mini-Mental Short Examination (MMSE). Education level was determined by years of formal education.

Results
In linear regression analysis adjusting for age, sex, formal years of education and CFPWV, CI was significantly positively associated with MMSE (BETA = 0.344 0.130, p = 0.0082). In logistic regression analysis adjusting for age, sex, formal years of education and CFPWV, subjects with a CI 75 percentile had a significantly lower risk of low MMSE (<26) (OR = 0.495, 95% CI = 0.274–0.896, p = 0.02). In subgroup analysis, higher CI was significantly associated with higher MMSE and lower risk of low MMSE only in elders with 9 years of formal education. Causal mediation analysis suggests that higher CI maintains higher MMSE in elders with lower education levels whereas higher CFPWV causes lower MMSE in all elders.

Conclusion
In elders with normal ejection fraction, a higher CI was associated with a lower risk of cognitive function impairment, independent of arterial stiffness, mainly in subjects with a lower education level and possibly a smaller cognitive reserve.
P37 Increased Pressure Dependency of Pulse Wave Velocity with Age
Authors: Boguslavskyi Andrii , Gu Haotian , Fang Lingyun , Cabrito Cobaco Ana Rita , Chowienczyk Philip 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Arterial stiffness, as measured by pulse wave velocity (PWV) is dependent on arterial blood pressure but whether this dependence varies with age is unknown. The objective of this study was to determine to what degree pressure-dependence varies with age.

Methods
83 heathy (43 females) normotensive volunteers from three different age groups (young: 18–30, middle aged: 31–55, older: 56–70 years) were recruited for this study. Aortic PWV (aPWV) was measured at different level of aortic transmural pressure (aTMP). aTMP was calculated as difference between mean arterial pressure and mouth pressure (which is almost equal to intrathoracic pressure). Acute modulation of aTMP was achieved by performing respiratory manoeuvres (Valsalva and Muller manoeuvres) against a mouthpiece with a small leak.

Results
aPWV was higher in older compare to younger subjects (6.6 ± 1.4 vs 5.3 ± 0.9 m/s, p < 0.001). Changes of aTMP in response to respiratory manoeuvres were similar across all age groups. However, changes of aPWV induced by acute modulation of aTMP were age-dependent, with aPWV increasing by 1.7 m/s per 10 mmHg increase in aTMP in older subjects compared to 0.4 m/s per 10 mmHg of aTMP change in younger subjects (p < 0.001).

Conclusion
Pressure-dependence of aPWV increases with age. This may contribute to the age related increased in aPWV and, if reversible, have important implications for therapeutic lowering of PWV through anti-hypertensive treatment.
P40 Arteriovenous Fistula, Blood Pressure and Arterial Reservoir-wave Analysis: Lessons From End-stage Renal Disease
Authors: Paré Mathilde , Goupil Rémi , Fortier Catherine , Mac-Way Fabrice , Marquis Karine , Hametner Bernhard , Wassertheurer Siegfried , Schultz Martin , Sharman James E. , Agharazii Mohsen 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Purpose/Background/Objectives
According to reservoir-wave theory, excess pressure (XSP) is analogous to flow and related to excess cardiac workload. In end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients, we have shown that XSPI is associated with increased mortality and is higher in patients with arteriovenous fistula (AVF). Recently AVF has been proposed treatment for treatment of resistant hypertension. However, this benefit may be mitigated through an increase in cardiac output. Therefore, we examine whether XSPI increases after creation of an AVF in ESRD patients.

Methods
Hemodynamic assessments were performed within 1 month before and 6 months after creation of AVF in ESRD patients. Carotid pressure waves were recorded using arterial tonometry, calibrated using brachial diastolic and mean arterial pressure. Using pressure only approach, reservoir-wave analysis was used to derive reservoir pressure (RP), XSP and their integrals (RPI, XSPI).

Results
38 patients (63% male, mean age 59 ± 15 years) were assessed 3.9 ± 1.2 months Post-AVF. Carotid RP decreased slightly (115 ± 18 vs 109 ± 24, p = 0.060), due to the reduction of diastolic BP (79 ± 10 vs 73 ± 12 mm Hg, p = 0.003). While, carotid systolic BP (123 ± 20 vs 119 ± 27 mm Hg, p = 0.380) remained unchanged, XSP and XSPI increased (XSP: 14 [12–19] to 17 [12–22] mmHg, p = 0.031; XSPI: 275 [212–335] to 334 [241–349] kPa.s, p = 0.015).

Conclusion
While AVF creation reduced diastolic BP, it resulted in higher XSPI, which has been associated with increased mortality. Therefore, the long-term efficacy of AVF in reducing clinical outcomes should be specifically addressed.
P42 Correlation Between Neck Circumference and Pulse Wave Velocity in a Population Based Study in Salvador-Brazil, Preliminary Results
Authors: Bessa Larissa , Cunha Roberta , Magalhães Lucélia , Silva Diorlene da , Filho Antônio , Lima Rodrigo , Vascor Grupo 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Introduction
Pulse wave velocity (PWV) is considered a gold standard for assessment of arterial stiffness [1]; neck circumference (NC) is a good anthropometrical indicator of fat accumulation in the upper body region [2].

Methods
A population-based cross-sectional study representative of a neighborhood of Salvador-BA, Brazil, distributed in 12 census tracts according to the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. The overall sample is randomized in adults from the assigned area, from December 2016 to May 2019 comprise 145 people. Individual and household records are filled out PWV was the measuring velocity between the carotid and right femoral wave, coupled to the electrocardiogram. The committee for research on human subjects of the FTC approved the protocol (No1827621). The measurement equipment was the flattening tonometer SphygmoCor® apparatus (XCEL, AtCor Medical, Sydney, Australia). The NC was obtained by using an inelastic fiberglass tape measure based on the height of the cricothyroid cartilage. The values ≥37 cm for men or ≥34 cm for women were used for their classification [3]. The frequency and descriptive measures, Spearman’s linear correlation coefficient between the laboratory tests and adjusted PWV. STATA v.12 software was used for treatment and generation of results. The level of statistical significance was set at 5%.

Results
There was a predominance of women (70.3%). The correlation is the same for both sexes (r = 0.30), a weak positive, however it was statistically significant for women (p = 0.0031).

Conclusion
The NC and PWV measurements showed a weakly positive. There was a statistically significant correlation for women.
P43 The Association of Irritable Affective Temperament with 24-Hour Brachial and Central Blood Pressure and Hemodynamic Parameters in Untreated Hypertensive Men
Authors: Kőrösi Beáta , Batta Dóra , Vecsey-Nagy Milan , Gonda Xenia , Rhimer Zoltán , Nemcsik-Bencze Zsófia , László Andrea , Nemcsik János 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Affective temperaments (depressive, irritable, hyperthymic, anxious, cyclothymic) have important role in psychopathology, but cumulating data support their involvement in vascular pathology, especially in hypertension as well. The aim of our study was to evaluate their associations with 24-hour brachial and central hemodynamic parameters in untreated patients who were studied because of elevated office blood pressure.

Methods
Mobil-O-Graph was used to measure the 24-hour brachial and central parameters. Affective temperaments, depression and anxiety were evaluated with TEMPS-A, Beck and HAMA questionnaires, respectively.

Results
84 patients were involved into the study (49 men). Irritable temperament score was associated with nighttime brachial systolic blood pressure (r = 0.279, p = 0.010), with nighttime brachial mean arterial pressure (r = 0.239, p = 0.028), with nighttime central systolic blood pressure (r = 0.288, p = 0.008), with nighttime central diastolic blood pressure (r = 0.238, p = 0.029), with 24-hour cardiac output (r = 0.298, p = 0.006) and inversely with 24-hour reflection magnitude (r = -0.297, p = 0.006). These associations were attenuated after the adjustment of age, depression and anxiety and were absent in women.

Conclusion
In conclusion, affective temperaments, especially irritable temperament can have an impact on 24-hour brachial and central hemodynamics in untreated hypertensive men.
P44 Spureous Systolic Hypertension or a Defined Arterial Stiffness Phenotype
Authors: Forcada Pedro , Sangiovanni Miguel , Pampinella Wanda , Montaña Oscar 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
High systolic blood pressure in young individuals with normal central pressure has been described as “Spureous Systolic Hypertension” and there is a strong controversy if it is a normal or pathologic condition.

Objective
To compare young adult patients (20–40 y.o.) with isolated systolic hypertension (ISH) with elderly patients (60 to 80 y.o.) with the same condition and analyze the vascular and hemodynamic patterns to find out if the spureous hypertension is truly a hypertensive phenotype and deserves to be treated.

Material and Methods
To analyze the vascular pattern we evaluated the database of NIVE (Phillips IU22® and CAP with Arteriograph®) with 2890 first ever evaluated patients, and analyzed 55 young controls (A), 56 young with ISH (B), 19 elderly controls (C) and 51 elderly with ISH (D). For the Hemodynamic analysis (Impedance Cardiography, Exxer®) the same groups with (A) 115, (B) 59, (C) 50 and (D) 148.

Results
Most of the vascular and hemodynamic findings as expected by age but Group B was similar in terms of the central stiffness (PWV, Ao PP and total Compliance) to the group C meaning EVA. The proportion of p with increased IMT, abnormal PWV and endothelial dysfunction were higher in the B group compared with A and the elderly (Comparison between same age intervals by “t” test and ANOVA for the whole sample. Signification <0.05).

Conclusion
Young hypertensives between 20 and 40 y.o. with ISH seem to be carriers of a defined arterial stiffness hypertensive phenotype rather than an “innocent” spureous phenomena.
P47 Hypertension Prevalence in Health Sciences Students of the University of Guadalajara
Authors: Ruiz Claudia Yanette Galan , Müller David Cardona , Muñoz Ernesto Germán Cardona , Sutto Sylvia Elena Totsuka , Vidrio Brandon Giovany Illescas , Páez Fernando Grover , Becerra Carlos Gerardo Ramos 
Published: March 2020

AbstractHypertension (HTN) is considered within the first 9 preventable causes of death in Mexico [1]. In order to estimate HTN prevalence in students a blood pressure (BP) measuring campaign was performed at the University of Guadalajara.
Methods
BP was measured in morning shift students, none with known chronic diseases. Before the measurement a survey was made to identify the cardiovascular risk factors, BP was measured in 3 occasions with an automatized sphygmomanometer (OMRON HEM907XL), according to the recommendations and protocol of international guidelines [2]. The average of the measurements were used to classify the subjects in normotensive (<140/90 mmHg) and hypertensive (≥140/90 mmHg).

Results
881 subjects were included (603 women and 278 men). The hypertension prevalence was 2%. The prevalence was analyzed in subgroups according to the presence of risk factors. Gender, obesity, tobacco use and alcohol consumption were evaluated obtaining the following odds ratio (OR): 6.23 (Confidence interval (CI) 95%: 2.4–16.11); 2.47 (CI 95%: 0.69–8.84) 0.78 (CI 95%: 0.18–3.4); 3.61 (CI 95%: 1.43–9.09).

Conclusion
HTN prevalence in Health Sciences students was 2%. The factors that conferred the highest risk to present HTN were male gender and weekly alcohol consumption.
P48 Effects of Remote Ischaemic Preconditioning on Haemodynamic and Arterial Stiffness Parameters in Patients Undergoing Lower Limb Angiographic Procedure
Authors: Kuusik Karl , Kepler Teele , Zilmer Mihkel , Eha Jaan , Vähi Mare , Paapstel Kaido , Kals Jaak 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objectives
Remote ischaemic preconditioning (RIPC) is a phenomenon that promotes protection of tissues and organs against ischaemia-reperfusion injury. RIPC has been shown to reduce myocardial and renal injury but its effect on arterial stiffness in patients undergoing lower limb digital subtraction angiography (DSA) is unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of RIPC on arterial stiffness in patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) undergoing lower limb DSA.

Methods
In RIPC intervention, the blood pressure cuff on the arm was inflated to 200 mmHg or to 20 mmHg above systolic pressure and in sham intervention, to 20 mmHg, for four 5-minute cycles at 5-minute intervals between the cycles. Changes in heart rate corrected augmentation index (AIx@75), augmentation index (AIx), carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) and haemodynamic parameters were measured before and 24 hours after DSA.

Results
111 (RIPC 54, sham 57) patients with symptomatic lower limb PAD scheduled for DSA were randomised. 102 patients (RIPC 47, sham 55) were included in final analysis. RIPC significantly improved AIx (−5.46% in RIPC and −1.45% in sham group; p = 0.045), but not AIx@75 (−4.88% in RIPC and −1.38% in sham group; p = 0.071) or PWV (−0.41 m/s in RIPC and −0.27 m/s in sham group; p = 0.741). In the RIPC group a significant reduction in AIx (p = 0.002) and AIx@75 (p = 0.003) was noted after stenting when compared to the sham intervention.

Conclusion
RIPC improves haemodynamic profile and modulates arterial stiffness following DSA procedure and might be more pronounced in patients after stent placement.
P49 Experimental Flow Visualization of a Flow Diverting Stent in a Popliteal Aneurysm
Authors: van de Velde Lennart , Reijnen Michel , Versluis Michel , Tessarek Joerg , Jebbink Erik Groot 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Flow diverting stents are commonly used in saccular cerebral aneurysms [1]. Their use has not yet been investigated for popliteal aneurysms, which are commonly fusiform in nature and exposed to pulsatile triphasic flows. We have shown the clinical feasibility of flow diverters in a pilot study of 12 patients [2]. To investigate its physiologic mechanism and the optimal flow diverter configuration, flow profiles were investigated in popliteal aneurysm phantoms.

Methods
Six transparent silicone elastomer models were created and integrated in an experimental flow set-up, which reproduced physiologic pulsatile flow conditions. These models covered two idealized anatomies (Figure 1) and three stent configurations (control, single stent [SUPERA, Abbott, Santa Clara, CA] and dual stent). Laser particle image velocimetry was used to investigate two-dimensional flow velocities, shear rates and wall shear stress in the models.

Results
The introduction of a flow diverter stent led to a two-time reduction in aneurysm flow velocities for single-layer stents, and a three-time reduction for double layer stents (Figure 2), with higher reduction factors for the bent inlet model. Forward flow was optimally diverted, whereas backward flow was deflected into the aneurysm by the unceasing momentum of the forward jet. Nonetheless, both flow velocities, shear rates (1.3–2x decrease) and wall shear stress (2.8–4.5x decrease) were strongly reduced by the double-layer configuration.

Conclusion
This study demonstrates the ability of a double-layer flow diverter stent for reducing flow velocities in popliteal aneurysms, supporting its clinical use in terms of its fluid mechanical effects.
P51 Effects of Pulsatile Exercise-induced Shear Stress on eNOS, SOD, VCAM-1, and ICAM-1 mRNA Expression of Human Carotid Artery Endothelial Cells
Authors: Morales-Acuna Francisco , Gurovich Alvaro 
Published: March 2020

AbstractExercise-induced endothelial shear stress (ESS) has been proposed as a molecular mechanism that regulates the expression of genes involved in the protection against atherosclerosis. However, research on this topic has not considered the pulsatile nature of blood flow for in vivo ESS estimations.
Purpose
To analyze the effect of pulsatile exercise-induced ESS on endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) mRNA expression of human carotid artery endothelial cells.

Methods
First, 24 apparently healthy young subjects (14 females and 10 males) performed an exercise test on cycle ergometer at low, moderate, and high intensity in which ESS where estimated from the left common carotid artery through Doppler-ultrasound for each condition. Thereafter, commercially available cultured human carotid artery endothelial cells were exposed to pulsatile flow inside a chamber system (Ibidi) for 4 hours, simulating 1 hour of exercise-induced ESS and 3 hours of resting ESS. Finally, eNOS, SOD, VCAM-1, and ICAM-1 mRNA expression were compared between groups, using GAPDH as the housekeeping gene.

Results
ESS showed an intensity-dependent increment to exercise. A significant increment on eNOS mRNA expression (p < 0.05) and a significant reduction on SOD mRNA expression (p < 0.05) were observed on those cells exposed to moderate and high intensity exercise-induced ESS compared to resting ESS. No significant differences were detected on mRNA expression of VCAM-1 and ICAM-between groups.

Conclusion
Pulsatile ESS generated during moderate and high intensity cycling might favor the upregulation of eNOS and the downregulation of SOD.
P53 More than 2-Year Follow-up of Resistant Hypertensive Patients with Neurovascular Decompression of the Brain Stem on the Left Side
Authors: Fejes Imola , Vörös Erika , Barzó Pál , Bajcsi Dóra , Letoha Annamária , Sonkodi Sándor , Ábrahám György , Légrády Péter 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn the background of resistant hypertension (RHT) the neurovascular pulsatile compression (NVPC) of the left rostral ventrolateral medulla may play a role. In these cases, a neurosurgical decompression (NVD) decreased the blood pressure (BP) and the antihypertensive medication became more effective. The aim of this work was to compare BP values recorded at the farthest time from the time of the NVD, up to maximum 31 December 2016. Earlier we published first 2-year follow-up data of 9 operated patients. In this work we retrospectively collected these 9 patients’ data from the clinical center’s patient management system. We analyzed BP values recorded before NVD, 1 and 24 months after NVD and the last recorded ones. The NVDs of these patients were performed between 2000 and 2004. The mean follow-up time was 11 years (minimum 3 years, maximum 16 years). Both the systolic and the diastolic BP decreased significantly in all cases after the NVD and at the last record they were significantly lower than before the NVD. Last recorded BP values compared to the 24-month data also were lower (148/96 mmHg vs. 135/81 mmHg). In 5 cases the number of antihypertensives increased and the mean number of combinations was higher compared to 24-month data (5.7 vs. 6.7). These results confirmed our previous opinion that in severe hypertension not responding to conventional therapy the NVD of the left side NVPC could guarantee a long-lasting BP reduction. An NVD may have increased the sensitiveness for antihypertensive medication.