bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alpha lipoic acid promotes development of hematopoietic progenitors derived from human embryonic stem cells by antagonizing ROS signals
Authors: Dong Yong , Bai Ju , Zhang Yimeng , Zhou Ya , Pan Xu , Li Xiaohong , Zhou Qiongxiu , Chen Yijin , Lai Mowen , Mao Bin , Bian Guohui , Feng Jia , Xie Fangxin , Chen Bo , Nakahata Tatsutoshi , Zhang Yonggang , Ma Feng 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAntagonism of ROS signaling can inhibit cell apoptosis and autophagy, thus favoring the maintenance and expansion of hematopoietic stem cells. Alpha lipoic acid (ALA), a small antioxidant molecule, affects cell apoptosis by lowering the ROS level. In this study, we show that ALA promoted production of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) derived hemogenic endothelial cells and hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells in vitro. Transcriptome analysis of hPSCs derived hemogenic endothelial cells showed that ALA promoted endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition by up-regulating RUNX1, GFI1, GFI1B, MEIS2, and HIF1A and down-regulating SOX17, TGFB1, TGFB2, TGFB3, TGFBR1, and TGFBR2. ALA also up-regulated sensor genes of ROS signals, including HIF1A, FOXO1, FOXO3, ATM, PETEN, SIRT1, and SIRT3, during the process of hPSCs derived hemogenic endothelial cells generation. However, in more mature hPSC-derived hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells, ALA reduced ROS levels and inhibited apoptosis. In particular, ALA enhanced development of hPSCs derived hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells by up-regulating HIF1A in response to a hypoxic environment. Furthermore, addition of ALA in ex vivo culture greatly improved the maintenance of functional cord blood HSCs by in vivo transplantation assay. Our findings support the conjecture that ALA plays an important role in efficient regeneration of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells from hPSCs and maintenance of functional HSCs, providing insight into understanding of regeneration of early hematopoiesis for engineering clinically useful hPSCs derived hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells transplantation. Thus, ALA can be used in the study of hPSCs derived HSCs.
Stability evaluation of an extemporaneously compounded carbimazole oral suspension
Authors: Song Yunmei , Lwin Ei Mon Phyo , Ellis David , Turner Sean , Williams Desmond , Garg Sanjay 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAimsTo examine the physical, chemical and microbiological stability characteristics of an extemporaneously compounded carbimazole 2 mg/mL oral suspension.Methods and ResultsTo determine the chemical stability of carbimazole in oral suspension, an analytical method was developed with high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) that achieved a good resolution of the analysis. The physical and chemical stability studies of the drug were conducted at four different storage conditions: 4°C, 25°C, 4°C in‐use (to simulate a patient daily use condition), and 7 days at 4°C and 3 days at 25°C (to simulate a condition in which a patient does not return the medication back into the refrigerator after use). The microbiological test was performed on the “4°C in‐use” storage condition. The preparations were found to be physically and microbiologically stable since there were no significant changes in colour, odour, dispersion and microbial contamination tests. Regarding chemical stability, samples stored at 4°C and 25°C maintained more than 90% drug recovery limit for up to 3 weeks and 3 days, respectively. There were no significant changes in pH value for up to 6 weeks.ConclusionA shelf life of up to 19 days at 4°C, based on the 95% lower confidence interval (CI) of the data obtained, and 2 days at room temperature can be recommended for carbimazole oral suspension.
Changes in Serum Leptin Level After Multilevel Surgery in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Authors: Emara Tarek A. , Khazbak Alaa O. , Mohammed Omnya , Elgaml Mohamed , Zidan Amal , Hosny Sameh M. 
Published: July 2020

ObjectiveLeptin hormone plays an important role in metabolic control and is elevated in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The aim of this study was to assess the hypothesis that surgical treatment will reduce leptin levels in OSA patients.Study DesignProspective study.Subjects and MethodsTwenty‐three patients with multilevel OSA underwent modified genioglossus muscle advancement with anterolateral advancement pharyngoplasty between April 2018 and September 2019. Serum leptin level was measured preoperatively and 3 months postoperatively for all patients and 18 control subjects. All patients were evaluated before and 3 months after surgery by history taking, clinical examination, polysomnography, cephalometry, and Epworth Sleepiness Scale.ResultsPreoperatively, patients with OSA had a higher Leptin level (18.46 ± 4.73 ng/mL) than did control subjects (7.07 ± 1.26 ng/mL) (P < .001). Surgery resulted in a significant reduction in the level of leptin from 18.46 ± 4.73 ng/mL to 8.03 ± 2.22 ng/mL (P < .001). Reductions in leptin level was correlated with changes in apnea hypopnea index (AHI) (r = 0.61, P = .002) and minimum oxygen saturation (SaO2) (r = −0.54, P = .008).ConclusionEffective multilevel surgery in the form of modified genioglossus muscle advancement with anterolateral advancement pharyngoplasty could significantly reduce leptin level in OSA patients and this reduction is correlated with the degree of OSA improvement in term of AHI and SaO2.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 131:E665–E670, 2021
Perfect Soliton Crystals on Demand
Authors: He Yang , Ling Jingwei , Li Mingxiao , Lin Qiang 
Published: July 2020

AbstractRecent advances in of soliton microcombs have shown great promise to revolutionize many important areas such as optical communication, spectroscopic sensing, optical clock, and frequency synthesis. A largely tunable comb line spacing is crucial for the practical application of soliton microcombs, which unfortunately is challenging to realize for an on‐chip monolithic microresonators. The recently discovered perfect soliton crystal (PSC) offers a convenient route to tune the comb line spacing. However, excitation of a PSC is generally stochastic by its nature and accessing a certain PSC state requires delicate tuning procedure. Here the on‐demand generation of PSCs in a lithium niobate microresonator is demonstrated. The unique device characteristics allow to produce a variety of PSCs and to switch between different PSC states, deterministically and repetitively. The device is utilized to show arbitrary dialing of the comb line spacing from 1 to 11 times of the free‐spectral range of the resonator. The demonstration of PSCs on demand may now open up a great avenue for flexibly controlling the repetition rate of soliton pulses, which would significantly enhance and extend the application potential of soliton microcombs for communication, signal processing, and sensing.
Biochemical and Pain Comparisons Between the Laser Lancing Device and Needle Lancets for Capillary Blood Sampling: A Randomized Control Trial
Authors: Yoo Won Sang , Min Junwon , Chung Phil‐Sang , Woo Seung Hoon 
Published: July 2020

Background and ObjectivesPatients around the world use a lancing device to perform self‐monitoring of blood sugar (SMBG). However, there are always fears of needles and pain. Therefore, less painful devices are being developed. The purpose of this study was to compare the usefulness and safety of a laser lancing device (without a needle) to a conventional needle lancet (with a needle) for capillary blood sampling.Study Design/Materials and MethodsA total of 40 healthy subjects were enrolled in the study. Capillary blood was collected from a laser lancing device (without a needle) and a conventional needle lancet (with a needle) on opposite fingers, the choice of which was randomly selected. The laser lancing device (LMT‐3000) uses a 2940 nm mono‐pulse laser, a radiation field of 350 μm, laser energy of 210 mJ, and a 3.7 V battery. One week later, capillary blood was obtained by switching the devices and fingers. The biochemical measurements and pain were compared between the two groups. Puncture pain was measured on a pain scale from 0 to 10.ResultAll patients were tested with both a laser lancing device and a conventional needle lancet. In the biochemical analysis, the blood glucose level was 103.21 ± 17.20 mg/dl in laser lancing device group and 102.25 ± 22.44 mg/dl in the conventional needle lancet group, and there were no significant differences between the two groups (P = 0.940). The pH, CO2, O2, lactate and hematocrit levels of the blood were no significant differences between the two groups. In the first trial, the median pain score (interquartile range) of patients using laser lancing device was 2.0 (1.0–3.0), whereas it was 2.5 (2.0–4.0) in patients using a conventional needle lancet (P = 0.029). In the second trial, one week later, the median pain score in the laser lancing device group was 2.5 (1.0–4.0), whereas it was 3.5 (2.25–5.0) in the conventional needle lancet group (P = 0.001). The difference in pain scores between the first and second trials was significant in the conventional needle lancet group (P = 0.007), but not in the laser lancing device group (P = 0.150).ConclusionThere was no difference in biochemical results between the laser lancing device group and the conventional needle lancet group. The laser lancing device demonstrated comparatively lower pain than the conventional needle lancet. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC
Shape Memory Effects Using Magnetoactive Boron−Organo−Silicon Oxide Polymers
Authors: Prem Nina , Sindersberger Dirk , Striegl Birgit , Böhm Valter , Monkman Gareth J. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThermomechanical shape memory materials have certain disadvantages when it comes to 3D volumetric reproduction intended for rapid prototyping or robotic prehension. The need to constantly supply energy to counteract elastic retraction forces in order to maintain the required geometry, together with the inability to achieve conformal stability at elevated temperatures, limits the application of thermal shape memory polymers. Form removal also presents problems as most viscoelastic materials do not ensure demolding stability. This work demonstrates how magnetoactive boron−organo−silicon oxide polymers under the influence of an applied magnetic field can be used to achieve energy free sustainable volumetric shape memory effects over extended periods. The rheopectic properties of boron−organo−silicon oxide materials sustain form removal without mold distortion.
Silicon photonic filters
Authors: Liu Dajian , Xu Hongnan , Tan Ying , Shi Yaocheng , Dai Daoxin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPhotonic filters are playing a very important role in many applications, including optical interconnects as well as optical sensing. As silicon photonics has provided a very attractive platform to realize the high integrated intensity and low cost, various silicon‐based on‐chip photonic filters have been proposed and demonstrated in the past decade. In this paper, we give a review of recent progresses of silicon photonic filters based on different structures, including Mach‐Zehnder interferometers, microring resonators, waveguide Bragg grating, and arrayed‐waveguide gratings.
A parameter‐preadjusted energy‐conserving integration for rigid body dynamics in terms of convected base vectors
Authors: Luo J.H. , Feng X.G. , Xu X.M. , Peng H.J. , Wu Z.G. 
Published: July 2020

SummaryEnergy‐conserving integrations are widely used in long‐time simulations of mechanical systems because they exhibit excellent stability and conserve the discrete energy in conservative systems. However, in many applications, their errors of other quantities, for example, trajectory errors, are generally not bounded and increase with time. This article develops a parameter‐preadjusted energy‐conserving integration for rigid body dynamics in terms of convected‐based vectors. To this end, we introduce the modified inertia representation into the Hamiltonian description of the rigid body dynamics, which leads to a modified formulation of Hamilton's equations including an undetermined parameter γ. After that, the direct discretization of the modified Hamilton's equations and the constraints in terms of finite increments in time gives an energy‐conserving integration. Error estimation suggests that the value of γ has a great influence on the discretization errors of the Hamilton's equations. Therefore, a preadjusting stage at the beginning of the simulation is devised to optimize γ for minimizing the numerical error. Numerical results demonstrate that the PECI not only preserves the energy exactly, but also presents significant higher accuracy of trajectory errors. In particular, the PECI can achieve approximately periodic trajectory errors for long‐time simulations if γ is well preadjusted.
Coupling lattice Boltzmann and material point method for fluid‐solid interaction problems involving massive deformation
Authors: Liu Yu , Ye Hongfei , Zhang Hongwu , Zheng Yonggang 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis paper presents a coupling lattice Boltzmann and material point method (LBMPM) for fluid‐solid interaction problems involving massive deformation. The convected particle domain interpolation‐based material point method is adopted to solve the structure responses due to the particularly advantage on dynamic massive deformation simulations and the lattice Boltzmann method is utilized for its reliability and simplicity to simulate the complex fluid flow. The coupling strategy for these two methods is based on the consistent conditions with respect to displacement, velocity, and force, respectively, on the interface between fluid and solid parts, including the unified interpolation bounce‐back scheme for curved boundaries, the Galilean invariant momentum exchange method for hydrodynamic forces, the force imposing strategy particularly for massive deformation, and the refilling algorithm for moving boundaries. There is no remeshing operation needed in the proposed LBMPM for both solid and fluid parts even when solid massive deformation and fluid complex flow are considered. Three representative numerical examples are carried out and the simulation results demonstrate that the proposed LBMPM is capable of simulate complex bidirectional fluid‐solid interaction processes with the superiority for the problems involving solid dynamic large deformation behaviors and complex fluid flow.
Effects of a Constant Magnetic Field on the Electrochemical Reactions of Quercetin
Authors: Zieliński Marek , Burnat Barbara , Miękoś Ewa 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe paper presents a study of the effect of a constant magnetic field (CMF) on the basic processes of quercetin electrochemical reactions. According to the observation made in previous studies, the presence of a double bond in the C‐ring of quercetin enhances the antioxidant properties of that compound, whereas the presence of −OH groups also affects the antioxidant properties. Using cyclic voltammetry it was found that the constant magnetic field improves the efficiency of quercetin electrooxidation, especially of the third stage of the process, i. e. the stage in which the oxidation of the OH groups in the A‐ring is the most difficult. The use of HPLC confirmed the electrochemical measurements and the results of cyclic voltammetry studies. The beneficial effect of the magnetic field on the efficiency of quercetin oxidation was confirmed by the results of impedance spectroscopy measurements.
The green care code: How nature connectedness and simple activities help explain pro‐nature conservation behaviours
Authors: Richardson Miles , Passmore Holli‐Anne , Barbett Lea , Lumber Ryan , Thomas Rory , Hunt Alex 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

The biodiversity crisis demands greater engagement in pro‐nature conservation behaviours. Research has examined factors which account for general pro‐environmental behaviour; that is, behaviour geared to minimizing one's impact on the environment. Yet, a dearth of research exists examining factors that account for pro‐nature conservation behaviour specifically—behaviour that directly and actively supports conservation of biodiversity.

This study is the first of its kind to use a validated scale of pro‐nature conservation behaviour. Using online data from a United Kingdom population survey of 1,298 adults (16+ years), we examined factors (composed of nine variable‐blocks of items) that accounted for pro‐nature conservation behaviour.

These were: individual characteristics (demographics, nature connectedness), nature experiences (time spent in nature, engaging with nature through simple activities, indirect engagement with nature), knowledge and attitudes (knowledge/study of nature, valuing and concern for nature) and pro‐environmental behaviour.

Together, these explained 70% of the variation in people's actions for nature.

Importantly, in a linear regression examining the relative importance of these variables to the prediction of pro‐nature conservation behaviour, time in nature did not emerge as significant.

Engaging in simple nature activities (which is related to nature connectedness) emerged as the largest significant contributor to pro‐nature conservation behaviour. Commonality analysis revealed that variables worked together, with nature connectedness and engagement in simple activities being involved in the largest portion of explained variance.

Overall, findings from the current study reinforce the critical role that having a close relationship with nature through simple everyday engagement plays in pro‐nature conservation behaviour. Policy recommendations are made.

A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article.
Flow enhancement in liquid composite molding processes by online microwave resin preheating
Authors: Rubino Felice , Esperto Vitantonio , Tucci Fausto , Carlone Pierpaolo 
Published: July 2020

AbstractLiquid composite molding techniques are increasingly applied for the manufacturing of fiber‐reinforced plastic components for civil, aerospace, and automotive applications. Being the preform impregnation a key step during the process, resin viscosity should meet the precise requirements. Opportune resin preheating increases its fluency, thus enhancing the impregnation and saturation flow through the fabric and reducing the mold filling time. This paper explores the application of microwave technology for resin preheating. The integration of an online microwave preheating system within a demonstrative resin infusion facility is described and the effects of preheating on the infusion time are discussed. Parallel‐plate dielectric sensors were embedded into the mold to track the unheated and preheated resin flow through the fiber preform. The obtained results highlighted the effectiveness of online microwave heating to reduce the time required for the impregnation of the dry fiber reinforcement.
Caffeine citrate maintenance doses effect on extubation and apnea postventilation in preterm infants
Authors: Wan Lijia , Huang Li , Chen Pingyang 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundCaffeine citrate is used to prevent apnea in premature infants and help in extubation of invasive ventilation, but the optimal dose remains undetermined.MethodsNeonates born at less than 30 weeks gestation who had received invasive ventilation for at least 48 hours and a loading dose of 20 mg/kg caffeine citrate were randomly assigned into high (10 mg/kg daily) or low (5 mg/kg daily) maintenance dose groups. The drug was discontinued if no apnea occurred for 7 consecutive days.ResultsA total of 111 infants were assigned into the high (54) or low (57) dose groups. Extubation failure (16.7% vs 36.8%), age of extubation (8.2 ± 2.1 vs 10.7 ± 2.3 day), duration of invasive ventilation (7.2 ± 2.1 vs 8.5 ± 2.4 day), duration of ventilation before extubation (8.0 ± 1.8 vs 10.1 ± 1.9 day), and number of days of apnea (1.8 ± 1.3 vs 3.2 ± 1.1 day) were significantly lower in the high dose group than the low dose group. Difference in time until failure (6.7 ± 1.7d vs 7.0 ± 1.9d) and duration of nasal continuous positive airway pressure(7.8 ± 1.8 vs 8.0 ± 2.2 day) were not significant. Furthermore, no significant differences in the incidence of tachycardia (9.3% vs 12.3%), abdominal distension (16.7% vs 12.3%), feeding intolerance (3.7% vs 5.3%), or irritability (7.4% vs 5.3%) were observed between groups.ConclusionsA higher maintenance dose of caffeine citrate reduced the incidence of extubation failure and apnea of prematurity without increasing the occurrence of adverse reactions.
Observer‐based synthesis of linear parameter‐varying mixed sensitivity controllers
Authors: Theis Julian , Pfifer Harald 
Published: July 2020

SummaryThis article presents a computationally efficient way of synthesizing linear parameter‐varying (LPV) controllers. It reviews the possibility of a separate observer and state feedback synthesis with guaranteed performance and shows that a standard mixed sensitivity problem can be solved in this way. The resultant output feedback controller consists of an LPV observer, augmented with dynamic filters to incorporate integral control and roll‐off properties, and an LPV state feedback gain. It is thus highly structured, which is beneficial for implementation. Moreover, it does not depend on scheduling parameter rates regardless of whether parameter‐dependent Lyapunov matrices are used during synthesis. A representative control design for active flutter suppression on an aeroelastic unmanned aircraft demonstrates the benefits of the proposed method in comparison with state‐of‐the‐art LPV output feedback synthesis.
Photophysical and Electrochemical Properties of a Zinc(II) [2×2] Metallogrid and its Bis(hydrazone) Ditopic Ligand
Authors: Rosero‐Mafla Miguel A. , Castro Jorge Iván , Sánchez Norha E. , Mujica‐Martinez Cesar A. , Chaur Manuel N. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHerein we describe the synthesis and structural characterization of a [2x2] metallogrid of Zinc(II) and its ditopic bis(hydrazone) ligand, as well as the evaluation of their photo‐physical and electrochemical properties. The synthesis of the bis(hydrazone) involves an aromatic nucleophilic substitution followed by a condensation. Then, through complexation with Zinc(II) ions the [2x2] metallogrid was obtained. The bis(hydrazone) was subjected to UV light‐induced E/Z isomerization determining its kinetic constants through Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). A clear effect of the metal and the structure was observed on the redox potentials of the metallogrid and its ligand when studied by Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) and Osteryoung Square Wave Voltammetry (OSWV). All compounds were also studied through UV‐Vis and Fluorescence spectroscopy, observing, in some cases, a pronounced pH‐effect. Our results indicate that the photophysical properties of metallogrid can be tuned through the elimination of the acidic protons from the bis(hydrazone) ligands and, together with their electrochemical properties can be used as molecular switches.