bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dual-/tri-band bandpass filters with fully independent and controllable passband based on multipath-embedded resonators
Authors: Xiong Yang , Zhang Wei , Zhong Yue-Peng , Wang Li-Tian 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn this paper, dual-band and tri-band bandpass filters (BPFs) with fully independent and controllable passbands based on multipath-embedded resonators are presented. The dual-band BPF consists of two double open-ended stub-loaded terminal-shorted resonators (DOESL-TSRs) with a common via-hole connected along the symmetric plane of the filter. Based on DOESL-TSRs, a triple open-ended stub-loaded terminal-shorted resonator (TOESL-TSR) is proposed in the design of tri-band BPFs. The resonant characteristics of DOESL-TSR/TOESL-TSR are analyzed by the numerical calculation method. The measured results of the dual-band BPF show that the center frequencies (CFs) are located at 2.595 and 5.75 GHz, respectively, with 3 dB fraction bandwidth (FBWs) of 15 and 12.8%. The measured CFs of the tri-band BPF are located at 2.545, 3.775, and 5.95 GHz, respectively, with 3 dB FBWs of 9.8, 9.3, and 5.5%. Both of the filters exhibit the merits of fully independent and controllable passbands, high selectivity, and compact size.
Ecosystem‐Level Energy and Water Budgets Are Resilient to Canopy Mortality in Sparse Semiarid Biomes
Authors: Huang Cheng‐Wei , Krofcheck Dan J. , Duman Tomer , Fox Andrew M. , Pockman William T. , Lippit Christopher D. , McIntire Cameron D. , Litvak Marcy E. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractClimate‐driven woody vegetation mortality is a defining feature of semiarid biomes that drives fundamental changes in ecosystem structure. However, the observed impacts of woody mortality on ecosystem‐scale energy and water budgets and the responses of surviving vegetation are highly variable among studies in water‐limited environments. A previous girdling manipulation experiment in a piñon‐juniper woodland suggested that although ecosystem‐scale evapotranspiration was not altered by large‐scale piñon mortality, soil water content decreased and the surviving juniper experienced greater water stress than juniper in an undisturbed woodland. Here we experimentally explored to what extent mortality‐induced changes in energy balance components can explain these results. We compared energy fluxes measured above two adjacent piñon‐juniper woodlands where piñon girdling was implemented at one site and the other subsequently experienced large‐scale natural piñon mortality. We found that the mortality‐induced decrease in canopy area was not sufficient to alter surface reflectance, roughness, and partitioning between energy budget components at both sites. A radiative transfer model estimated that because of the sparse premortality canopy, surface reflectance is more sensitive to a large increase in understory leaf area than further loss of crown area. Increased water stress in the remaining juniper following both mortality events can be explained by an increase in radiation on the ground that promoted higher soil temperature and evaporation. We found similar responses of ecosystem and tree‐level functions to both girdling and natural mortality. This suggests that girdling is an appropriate approach to explore the impact of tree mortality on ecosystem structure, function, and energy balance.
Epigenetic activation of the small GTPase TCL contributes to colorectal cancer cell migration and invasion
Authors: Chen Baoyu , Fan Zhiwen , Sun Lina , Chen Junliang , Feng Yifei , Fan Xiangshan , Xu Yong 
Published: September 2020

AbstractTC10-like (TCL) is a small GTPase that has been implicated in carcinogenesis. Elevated TCL expression has been observed in many different types of cancers although the underlying epigenetic mechanism is poorly understood. Here we report that TCL up-regulation was associated with high malignancy in both human colorectal cancer biopsy specimens and in cultured colorectal cancer cells. Hypoxia, a pro-metastatic stimulus, up-regulated TCL expression in HT-29 cells. Further studies revealed that myocardin-related transcription factor A (MRTF-A) promoted migration and invasion of HT-29 cells in a TCL-dependent manner. MRTF-A directly bound to the proximal TCL promoter in response to hypoxia to activate TCL transcription. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay showed that hypoxia stimulation specifically enhanced acetylation of histone H4K16 surrounding the TCL promoter, which was abolished by MRTF-A depletion or inhibition. Mechanistically, MRTF-A interacted with and recruited the H4K16 acetyltransferase hMOF to the TCL promoter to cooperatively regulate TCL transcription. hMOF depletion or inhibition attenuated hypoxia-induced TCL expression and migration/invasion of HT-29 cells. In conclusion, our data identify a novel MRTF-A-hMOF-TCL axis that contributes to colorectal cancer metastasis.
Anti-bacterial and anti-viral nanchangmycin displays anti-myeloma activity by targeting Otub1 and c-Maf
Authors: Xu Yujia , Sun Tong , Zeng Kun , Xu Min , Chen Jinhao , Xu Xiaofeng , Zhang Zubin , Cao Biyin , Tang Xiaowen , Wu Depei , Kong Yan , Zeng Yuanying , Mao Xinliang 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAs a deubiqutinase Otub1 stabilizes and promotes the oncogenic activity of the transcription factor c-Maf in multiple myeloma (MM), a malignancy of plasma cells. In the screen for bioactive inhibitors of the Otub1/c-Maf axis for MM treatment, nanchangmycin (Nam), a polyketide antibiotic, was identified to suppress c-Maf activity in the presence of Otub1. By suppressing Otub1, Nam induces c-Maf polyubiquitination and subsequent degradation in proteasomes but does not alter its mRNA level. Consistently, Nam downregulates the expression of CCND2, ARK5, and ITGB7, the downstream genes regulated by c-Maf, and promotes MM cell apoptosis as evidenced by PARP and Caspase-3 cleavage, as well as Annexin V staining. In line with the hypothesis, overexpression of Otub1 partly rescues Nam-induced MM cell apoptosis, and interestingly, when Otub1 is knocked down, Nam-decreased MM cell survival is also partly ablated, suggesting Otub1 is essential for Nam anti-MM activity. Nam also displays potent anti-MM activity synergistically with Doxorubicin or lenalidomide. In the in vivo assays, Nam almost completely suppresses the growth of MM xenografts in nude mice at low dosages but it shows no toxicity. Given its safety and efficacy, Nam has a potential for MM treatment by targeting the Otub1/c-Maf axis.
Oxygen glucose deprivation/re-oxygenation-induced neuronal cell death is associated with Lnc-D63785 m6A methylation and miR-422a accumulation
Authors: Xu Shu , Li Ya , Chen Ju-ping , Li Da-Zhuang , Jiang Qin , Wu Ting , Zhou Xiao-zhong 
Published: September 2020

AbstractOxygen glucose deprivation/re-oxygenation (OGD/R) induces neuronal injury via mechanisms that are believed to mimic the pathways associated with brain ischemia. In SH-SY5Y cells and primary murine neurons, we report that OGD/R induces the accumulation of the microRNA miR-422a, leading to downregulation of miR-422a targets myocyte enhancer factor-2D (MEF2D) and mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 6 (MAPKK6). Ectopic miR-422a inhibition attenuated OGD/R-induced cell death and apoptosis, whereas overexpression of miR-422a induced significant neuronal cell apoptosis. In addition, OGD/R decreased the expression of the long non-coding RNA D63785 (Lnc-D63785) to regulate miR-422a accumulation. Lnc-D63785 directly associated with miR-422a and overexpression of Lnc-D63785 reversed OGD/R-induced miR-422a accumulation and neuronal cell death. OGD/R downregulated Lnc-D63785 expression through increased methyltransferase-like protein 3 (METTL3)-dependent Lnc-D63785 m6A methylation. Conversely METTL3 shRNA reversed OGD/R-induced Lnc-D63785 m6A methylation to decrease miR-422a accumulation. Together, Lnc-D63785 m6A methylation by OGD/R causes miR-422a accumulation and neuronal cell apoptosis.
Hybrid cellular membrane nanovesicles amplify macrophage immune responses against cancer recurrence and metastasis
Authors: Rao Lang , Wu Lei , Liu Zhida , Tian Rui , Yu Guocan , Zhou Zijian , Yang Kuikun , Xiong Hong-Gang , Zhang Anli , Yu Guang-Tao , Sun Wenjing , Xu Han , Guo Jingya , Li Andrew , Chen Hongmin , Sun Zhi-Jun , Fu Yang-Xin , Chen Xiaoyuan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractEffectively activating macrophages against cancer is promising but challenging. In particular, cancer cells express CD47, a ‘don’t eat me’ signal that interacts with signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPα) on macrophages to prevent phagocytosis. Also, cancer cells secrete stimulating factors, which polarize tumor-associated macrophages from an antitumor M1 phenotype to a tumorigenic M2 phenotype. Here, we report that hybrid cell membrane nanovesicles (known as hNVs) displaying SIRPα variants with significantly increased affinity to CD47 and containing M2-to-M1 repolarization signals can disable both mechanisms. The hNVs block CD47-SIRPα signaling axis while promoting M2-to-M1 repolarization within tumor microenvironment, significantly preventing both local recurrence and distant metastasis in malignant melanoma models. Furthermore, by loading a stimulator of interferon genes (STING) agonist, hNVs lead to potent tumor inhibition in a poorly immunogenic triple negative breast cancer model. hNVs are safe, stable, drug loadable, and suitable for genetic editing. These properties, combined with the capabilities inherited from source cells, make hNVs an attractive immunotherapy.
PM014 attenuates radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis via regulating NF-kB and TGF-b1/NOX4 pathways
Authors: Park Sung-Hyo , Kim Jee-Youn , Kim Jin-Mo , Yoo Byeong Rok , Han Song Yee , Jung Yoo Jin , Bae Hyunsu , Cho Jaeho 
Published: September 2020

AbstractRadiation therapy is the mainstay in the treatment of lung cancer, and lung fibrosis is a radiotherapy-related major side effect that can seriously reduce patient’s quality of life. Nevertheless, effective strategies for protecting against radiation therapy-induced fibrosis have not been developed. Hence, we investigated the radioprotective effects and the underlying mechanism of the standardized herbal extract PM014 on radiation-induced lung fibrosis. Ablative radiation dose of 75 Gy was focally delivered to the left lung of mice. We evaluated the effects of PM014 on radiation-induced lung fibrosis in vivo and in an in vitro model. Lung volume and functional changes were evaluated using the micro-CT and flexiVent system. Fibrosis-related molecules were evaluated by immunohistochemistry, western blot, and real-time PCR. A orthotopic lung tumour mouse model was established using LLC1 cells. Irradiated mice treated with PM014 showed a significant improvement in collagen deposition, normal lung volume, and functional lung parameters, and these therapeutic effects were better than those of amifostine. PM104 attenuated radiation-induced increases in NF-κB activity and inhibited radiation-induced p65 translocation, ROS production, DNA damage, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. PM104 effectively alleviated fibrosis in an irradiated orthotopic mouse lung tumour model while not attenuating the efficacy of the radiation therapy by reduction of the tumour. Standardized herbal extract PM014 may be a potential therapeutic agent that is able to increase the efficacy of radiotherapy by alleviating radiation-induced lung fibrosis.
Optimised spectral effects of programmable LED arrays (PLA)s on bioelectricity generation from algal-biophotovoltaic devices
Authors: Ng Fong-Lee , Phang Siew-Moi , Lan Boon Leong , Kalavally Vineetha , Thong Cheng-Han , Chong Kian-Ted , Periasamy Vengadesh , Chandrasekaran Karthikeyan , kumar G. Gnana , Yunus Kamran , Fisher Adrian C. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe biophotovoltaic cell (BPV) is deemed to be a potent green energy device as it demonstrates the generation of renewable energy from microalgae; however, inadequate electron generation from microalgae is a significant impediment for functional employment of these cells. The photosynthetic process is not only affected by the temperature, CO2concentration and light intensity but also the spectrum of light. Thus, a detailed understanding of the influences of light spectrum is essential. Accordingly, we developed spectrally optimized light using programmable LED arrays (PLA)s to study the effect on algae growth and bioelectricity generation.Chlorellais a green microalga and contains chlorophyll-a(chl-a), which is the major light harvesting pigment that absorbs light in the blue and red spectrum. In this study,Chlorellais grown under a PLA which can optimally simulate the absorption spectrum of the pigments inChlorella. This experiment investigated the growth, photosynthetic performance and bioelectricity generation ofChlorellawhen exposed to an optimally-tuned light spectrum. The algal BPV performed better under PLA with a peak power output of 0.581 mW m−2for immobilized BPV device on day 8, which is an increase of 188% compared to operation under a conventional white LED light source. The photosynthetic performance, as measured using pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) fluorometry, showed that the optimized spectrum from the PLA gave an increase of 72% in the rETRmax value (190.5 μmol electrons m−2 s−1), compared with the conventional white light source. Highest algal biomass (1100 mg L−1) was achieved in the immobilized system on day eight, which translates to a carbon fixation of 550 mg carbon L−1. When artificial light is used for the BPV system, it should be optimized with the light spectrum and intensity best suited to the absorption capability of the pigments in the cells. Optimum artificial light source with algal BPV device can be integrated into a power management system for low power application (eg. environment sensor for indoor agriculture system).
Antimicrobials use and resistance on integrated poultry-fish farming systems in the Ayeyarwady Delta of Myanmar
Authors: Gibson Justine S. , Wai Honey , Oo Shwe Sin May Lwin , Hmwe Ei Moh Moh , Wai Soe Soe , Htun Lat Lat , Lim Hwee Ping , Latt Zin Min , Henning Joerg 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAntimicrobials are used to support livestock health and productivity, but might pose a risk for the development of antimicrobial resistance; in particular, when multiple livestock species are raised together in production systems. On integrated chicken-fish farms, chickens are raised over fish ponds and poultry faeces is excreted into the ponds. We investigated antimicrobial usage and the antimicrobial susceptibility of Escherichia coli cultured from poultry faeces on 301 integrated farms in Ayeyarwady Delta of Myanmar. Antimicrobials were used by 92.4% of farmers for chickens, but they were not applied to fish. The most common antimicrobials used were Octamix (amoxicillin and colistin sulfate) on 28.4%, enrofloxacin on 21.0% and amoxicillin on 16% of farms. Overall, 83.1% (152/183) of the E. coli were resistant to at least one antimicrobial. The highest level of resistance was to amoxicillin (54.6%), tetracycline (39.9%), sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (35.5%) and enrofloxacin (34.4%). Multidrug resistance was identified in 42.4% of isolates. In general, we found similar levels of antimicrobial resistance in non-users of antimicrobials as in users of antimicrobials for more commonly applied antimicrobials. Overall, antimicrobial resistance was lower in chickens on these integrated farms in Myanmar, compared to poultry farms in other countries of South East and East Asia.
The last strategy for re-dissemination of HPV vaccination in Japan while still under the suspension of the governmental recommendation
Authors: Ueda Yutaka , Yagi Asami , Abe Hazuki , Nakagawa Satoshi , Minekawa Ryoko , Kuroki Haruo , Miwa Ayako , Kimura Tadashi 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn Japan, the governmental recommnendation of HPV vaccine has been suspended since June 2013, due to media reports of alleged adverse vaccination events. Although evidence of effectiveness and safety of the HPV vaccine has been universally demonstrated, and the medical and academic organizations across Japan have requested the resumption of the government’s recommendation, the Japanese government has not changed their official stance towards the HPV vaccine. Under the current suspension of the national government’s recommendation, one local government Isumi City started sending a leaflet containing information of cervical cancer and HPV vaccine, but not recommendation for the vaccine, to the tagted girls born in the fiscal year (FY) 2003. The cumulative vaccination rate of them reached 10.07% (14/139), which was significantly higher than that (0.00%) for girls born in FY 2002 who did not receive such a leaflet (p < 0.001). We sincerely ask the national government to change their stance towards the HPV vaccine. We also strongly suggest that, in the meantime, local governments immediately begin to provide an appropriate information of cervical cancer and HPV vaccine to the targeted girls and their parents in a way similar to what Isumi City has now shown to be effective.
Genomic analysis reveals high virulence and antibiotic resistance amongst phage susceptible Acinetobacter baumannii
Authors: Leungtongkam Udomluk , Thummeepak Rapee , Kitti Thawatchai , Tasanapak Kannipa , Wongwigkarn Jintana , Styles Kathryn M. , Wellington Elizabeth M. H. , Millard Andrew D. , Sagona Antonia P. , Sitthisak Sutthirat 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn this study, we examined the association between antimicrobial resistance, CRISPR/Cas systems and virulence with phage susceptibility inAcinetobacter baumanniiand investigated draft genomes of phage susceptible multidrug resistantA. baumanniistrains from Thailand. We investigated 230A. baumanniistrains using 17 lyticA. baumanniiphages and the phage susceptibility was 46.5% (107/230). Phage susceptibility was also associated with resistance to numerous antibiotics (p-value < 0.05). We also found association between biofilm formation and the presence ofompAgene among phage susceptibleA. baumanniistrains (p-value < 0.05).A. baumanniiisolates carryingcas5or combinations of two or three othercasgenes, showed a significant increase in phage resistance. Whole-genome sequences of seven phage susceptibleA. baumanniiisolates revealed that six groups of antibiotic resistance genes were carried by all seven phage susceptibleA. baumannii. All strains carried biofilm associated genes and two strains harbored complete prophages, acquired copper tolerance genes, and CRISPR-associated (cas) genes. In conclusion, our data exhibits an association between virulence determinants and biofilm formation among phage susceptibleA. baumanniistrains. These data help to understand the bacterial co-evolution with phages.
Topologically selective islet vulnerability and self-sustained downregulation of markers for β-cell maturity in streptozotocin-induced diabetes
Authors: Hahn Max , van Krieken Pim P. , Nord Christoffer , Alanentalo Tomas , Morini Federico , Xiong Yan , Eriksson Maria , Mayer Jürgen , Kostromina Elena , Ruas Jorge L. , Sharpe James , Pereira Teresa , Berggren Per-Olof , Ilegems Erwin , Ahlgren Ulf 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMouse models of Streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetes represent the most widely used preclinical diabetes research systems. We applied state of the art optical imaging schemes, spanning from single islet resolution to the whole organ, providing a first longitudinal, 3D-spatial and quantitative account of β-cell mass (BCM) dynamics and islet longevity in STZ-treated mice. We demonstrate that STZ-induced β-cell destruction predominantly affects large islets in the pancreatic core. Further, we show that hyperglycemic STZ-treated mice still harbor a large pool of remaining β-cells but display pancreas-wide downregulation of glucose transporter type 2 (GLUT2). Islet gene expression studies confirmed this downregulation and revealed impaired β-cell maturity. Reversing hyperglycemia by islet transplantation partially restored the expression of markers for islet function, but not BCM. Jointly our results indicate that STZ-induced hyperglycemia results from β-cell dysfunction rather than β-cell ablation and that hyperglycemia in itself sustains a negative feedback loop restraining islet function recovery.
A Phonomotor Approach to Apraxia of Speech Treatment
Authors: Bislick Lauren 
Published: September 2020

Purpose
This study continued Phase I investigation of a modified Phonomotor Treatment (PMT) Program on motor planning in two individuals with apraxia of speech (AOS) and aphasia and, with support from prior work, refined Phase I methodology for treatment intensity and duration, a measure of communicative participation, and the use of effect size benchmarks specific to AOS.

Method
A single-case experimental design with multiple baselines across behaviors and participants was used to examine acquisition, generalization, and maintenance of treatment effects 8–10 weeks posttreatment. Treatment was distributed 3 days a week, and duration of treatment was specific to each participant (criterion based). Experimental stimuli consisted of target sounds or clusters embedded nonwords and real words, specific to each participants' deficit.

Results
Findings show improved repetition accuracy for targets in trained nonwords, generalization to targets in untrained nonwords and real words, and maintenance of treatment effects at 10 weeks posttreatment for one participant and more variable outcomes for the other participant.

Conclusions
Results indicate that a modified version of PMT can promote generalization and maintenance of treatment gains for trained speech targets via a multimodal approach emphasizing repeated exposure and practice. While these results are promising, the frequent co-occurrence of AOS and aphasia warrants a treatment that addresses both motor planning and linguistic deficits. Thus, the application of traditional PMT with participant-specific modifications for AOS embedded into the treatment program may be a more effective approach. Future work will continue to examine and maximize improvements in motor planning, while also treating anomia in aphasia.
Research on the breaking branch for a hybrid DC circuit breaker in±500 kV voltage‐sourced converter high‐voltage direct current grid
Authors: Feng Lei , Gou Ruifeng , Zhuo Fang , Yang Xiaoping , Zhang Fang 
Published: September 2020

In order to construct the voltage‐sourced converter high‐voltage direct current grids, the high capacity direct current circuit breakers (DCCBs) are in demand. The hybrid DCCB has been the mainstream proposal, where the high‐voltage solid‐state switch (HVSS) is the key component for breaking the final fault current. Investigating the current commutation between the breaking branch and energy‐absorbing branch, a hybrid DCCB with repositioned current commutation module (CCM) and redesigned HVSS is proposed in this study. By analysing the equivalent circuit of the CCM and HVSS, the detailed transient stages during current interruption procedure have been revealed, and the comparisons of different topologies for HVSS are made in‐depth. The repositioned CCM can greatly decrease the transient voltage stress for HVSS and CCM whilst the improved HVSS including metal oxide varistor can maintain better interruption performances. Then the actual prototypes are developed to verify the effectiveness of the improved hybrid DCCB topology. In the end, a 500 kV DCCB is realised based on the proposed HVSS, which can ensure the reliability and convenience of the hybrid DCCB.