bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intimate partner violence is associated with poorer maternal mental health and breastfeeding practices in Bangladesh
Authors: Tran Lan Mai , Nguyen Phuong Hong , Naved Ruchira Tabassum , Menon Purnima 
Published: August 2020

AbstractExposure to intimate partner violence (IPV) can have profound adverse consequences on maternal and child health. This study aimed to: (1) identify factors associated with IPV during pregnancy and postpartum in Bangladesh; and (2) assess the associations between IPV and maternal mental health and breastfeeding practices. We used data from a cross-sectional survey of 2000 mothers with children &lt;6 months in four districts in Bangladesh. We applied multivariable logistic regression models to examine factors associated with IPV and structural equation modelling to assess the inter-relationships between IPV, maternal common mental disorders (CMD, measured by Self-reporting Questionnaire ≥7) and breastfeeding practices. Overall, 49.7% of mothers experienced violence during the last 12 months and 28% of mothers had high levels of CMD. Only 54% of women reported early initiation of breastfeeding and 64% reported exclusive breastfeeding. Women were more likely to experience IPV if living in food-insecure households, being of low socio-economic status, having low autonomy or experiencing inequality in education compared with husbands (OR ranged from 1.6 to 2.8). Women exposed to IPV were 2–2.3 times more likely to suffer from high levels of CMD and 28–34% less likely to breastfeed their babies exclusively. The indirect path (the indirect effects of IPV on breastfeeding through CMD) through maternal CMD accounted for 14% of the relationship between IPV on breastfeeding practice. In conclusion, IPV is pervasive in Bangladesh and is linked to increased risks of CMD and poor breastfeeding practices. Integrating effective interventions to mitigate IPV, along with routine maternal and child health services and involving men in counselling services, could help both to reduce exposure to IPV among women and to contribute to better health outcomes for women and children.
Optimal design of the solar tracking system of parabolic trough concentrating collectors
Authors: Kong Li , Zhang Yunpeng , Lin Zhijian , Qiu Zhongzhu , Li Chunying , Le Ping 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The present work aimed to select the optimum solar tracking mode for parabolic trough concentrating collectors using numerical simulation. The current work involved: (1) the calculation of daily solar radiation on the Earth’s surface, (2) the comparison of annual direct solar radiation received under different tracking modes and (3) the determination of optimum tilt angle for the north-south tilt tracking mode. It was found that the order of solar radiation received in Shanghai under the available tracking modes was: dual-axis tracking &gt; north-south Earth’s axis tracking &gt; north-south tilt tracking (β = 15°) &gt; north-south tilt tracking (β = 45) &gt; north-south horizontal tracking &gt; east-west horizontal tracking. Single-axis solar tracking modes feature simple structures and low cost. This study also found that the solar radiation received under the north-south tilt tracking mode was higher than that of the north-south Earth’s axis tracking mode in 7 out of 12 months. Therefore, the north-south tilt tracking mode was studied separately to determine the corresponding optimum tilt angles in Haikou, Lhasa, Shanghai, Beijing and Hohhot, respectively, which were shown as follows: 18.81°, 27.29°, 28.67°, 36.21° and 37.97°.
Developing the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in colleges and universities to boost the development of low-carbon economy
Authors: Li Weijuan , Zhang Pengcheng 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn this work, the network data envelopment analysis (DEA) model was used to divide the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in colleges and universities into two stages, which makes up for the lack of process measurement in a single DEA model. Also, the relationship between the transformation efficiency of scientific and technological achievements in universities and the development of a low-carbon economy was quantitatively analyzed. The research results show that: (1) the transformation efficiency of scientific and technological achievements of universities in China is increasing year by year and which is significantly higher in the eastern region than that in the central and western regions. (2) The efficiency of the transformation of scientific and technological achievements of the university promotes the reduction of carbon emission intensity and the development of a low-carbon economy, indicating that the improvement of the transformation efficiency of scientific and technological achievements of the university has a good role in promoting the ecological environment protection. However, compared with the developed countries, the quantity and quality of science and technology supply and ecological environment protection in China’s universities are still insufficient. In this regard, the development suggestions are put forward from the aspects of government policy guidance, professional talent cooperation and strengthening the docking between universities and industrial low-carbon economic development. The purpose of this paper is to promote the development of a low-carbon economy by improving the efficiency of scientific and technological achievements transformation in universities, to achieve the goal of ecological environment protection.
Global Transcriptomic Analysis During Murine Pneumonia Infection Reveals New Virulence Factors in Acinetobacter baumannii
Authors: Martínez-Guitián Marta , Vázquez-Ucha Juan C , Álvarez-Fraga Laura , Conde-Pérez Kelly , Vallejo Juan A , Perina Alejandra , Bou Germán , Poza Margarita , Beceiro Alejandro 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background
Infections caused by multidrug-resistant pathogens such as Acinetobacter baumannii constitute a major health problem worldwide. In this study we present a global in vivo transcriptomic analysis of A. baumannii isolated from the lungs of mice with pneumonia infection.

Methods
Mice were infected with A. baumannii ATCC 17978 and AbH12O-A2 strains and the total bacterial RNA were analyzed by RNA sequencing. Lists of differentially expressed genes were obtained and 14 of them were selected for gene deletion and further analysis.

Results
Transcriptomic analysis revealed a specific gene expression profile in A. baumannii during lung infection with upregulation of genes involved in iron acquisition and host invasion. Mutant strains lacking feoA, mtnN, yfgC, basB, hisF, oatA, and bfnL showed a significant loss of virulence in murine pneumonia. A decrease in biofilm formation, adherence to human epithelial cells, and growth rate was observed in selected mutants.

Conclusions
This study provides an insight into A. baumannii gene expression profile during murine pneumonia infection. Data revealed that 7 in vivo upregulated genes were involved in virulence and could be considered new therapeutic targets.
China’s grand strategy and Myanmar’s peace process
Authors: Roy Chiraag 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Despite growing interest in China, scholars continue to grapple with its reemergence as a major power, offering gloomy predictions of a fraught geopolitical landscape. More recent analyses, however, stemming from constructivist thinking, explore the relevance of China’s history, geography, and culture in shaping its foreign policy. Encapsulated in the grand strategy concept, this perspective highlights China’s long-standing preoccupation with its periphery and emphasis on peace. Problematically, current scholarship offers little insight as to whether periphery countries also share this benign view of China. Aimed at addressing this gap, this article explores China’s role in Myanmar’s peace process, using ‘grand strategy’ to analyze over 50 interviews with diverse stakeholders in Myanmar. Based on the data, this article finds that China’s support for Myanmar is perceived to be economically driven, often at the expense of peace, implying that the historically inclined perspective of grand strategy requires rethinking.
Developmental Plasticity of the Flesh FlyBlaesoxipha plinthopyga(Diptera: Sarcophagidae) on Different Substrates
Authors: El-Hefnawy Ahmed A , Abul Dahab Faten F , Ibrahim Abdelwahab A , Salama Elham M , Mahmoud Shaymaa H , Sanford Michelle R , Kovar Scott J , Tarone Aaron M 
Published: August 2020

AbstractForensic entomologists rely on laboratory growth data to estimate the time of colonization on human remains thus extrapolating a minimum postmortem interval (PMI) if assumptions are satisfied. The flesh fly Blaesoxipha plinthopyga (Wiedemann) is one species that occurs in casework in Idaho, Texas, and central California. Because of the few laboratory studies on the development of this fly, the following study was conducted to determine if different substrates impact immature development of the species. In this study, flies were reared on different substrates that are likely to be encountered at indoor and outdoor scenes (Wet Sand, Dry Sand, Clothes [Polyester fibers], and Carpet [Polypropylene fibers]) to determine the influence of substrate on larval, intrapuparial, and total immature development times at 25°C, 50% RH, and 14:10 (L:D) h cycle. The results revealed that substrate significantly affected minimum immature development times without affecting the sexes differently; though a female bias in sex ratio was observed consistently. Average minimum larval developmental times were 160–179 h with a significantly faster development in Carpet than in Clothes. Similarly, average minimum intrapuparial developmental times were 331–352 h; fastest on Carpet and the slowest in Dry Sand. For this species, it may be important to consider the substrates encountered at a death scene as they may affect the development of B. plinthopyga (Wiedemann) in casework by up to 29 h at 25°C and 50% humidity. These effects will also be important to consider when planning future development studies with the species.
Invasion of Tropical Montane Cities by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) Depends on Continuous Warm Winters and Suitable Urban Biotopes
Authors: Pedrosa Michelle Cristine , Borges Magno Augusto Zazá , Eiras Álvaro Eduardo , Caldas Sérgio , Cecílio Alzira Batista , Brito Maria Fernanda , Ribeiro Sérvio Pontes 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
We provide the first evidence of a recent invasion of Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus in Hasselquist, 1762) and Aedes albopictus (Skuse 1894), followed by dengue virus, in tropical montane cities in south-eastern Brazil, Mariana, and Ouro Preto, at mid and high altitudes, respectively. Long-term temperature variation, dengue public data, and sampling of immature and adult mosquitoes (ovitraps and mosquitraps) in contrasting habitats were used to explain the distribution of Aedes in what in these two cities. From 1961 to 2014, the annual temperature increased significantly due to increases in winter temperatures. In the 1990s/2000s, the winter temperature was 1.3°C warmer than in the 1960s, when it varied from 21.2 to 18.9°C. After 2007, the winter temperatures increased and ranged from 21.6 to 21.3°C. The first autochthonous dengue cases in Mariana and Ouro Preto were in 2007, followed by few occurrences until in 2012, when the mean numbers increased three-fold, and peak at 2013. The continuous ‘warmer winter’ may have trigged the Aedes invasion. Aedes species benefited from higher winter temperatures, which was an important driver of their invasion of the state of Minas Gerais in the 1980s and, more recently, in the remaining montane urban habitats in this region. In both 2009 and 2011, we found more Aedes in Mariana than Ouro Preto, and more Ae. albopictus in green areas and Ae. aegypti in houses, the expected pattern for well-established populations.
A case series of intestinal obstruction secondary to shiitake mushroom intake during Chinese New Year
Authors: Ng Gaik Huey , Teoh Li Ying , Teh Mei Sze , Jamaris Suniza , See Mee Hoong 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Shiitake mushroom is a common ingredient in East Asian cuisines. Food processing/preparation can cause the mushroom to be soft and slimy, leading to accidental swallowing. Due to its high insoluble fibre content, it remains the same size and shape in the intestinal tract. We present two cases of small bowel obstruction caused by shiitake mushroom requiring surgical intervention. Preoperative imaging showed dilated small bowel with a suspicious mass in the ileum. However, the exact cause was unclear. For both cases, exploratory laparotomy and enterotomy were then performed and undigested shiitake mushroom was found. Both patients recovered well from the surgery.
Colour–magnitude diagrams of transiting exoplanets – III. A public code, nine strange planets, and the role of phosphine
Authors: Dransfield Georgina , Triaud Amaury H M J 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT
Colour–magnitude diagrams provide a convenient way of comparing populations of similar objects. When well populated with precise measurements, they allow quick inferences to be made about the bulk properties of an astronomic object simply from its proximity on a diagram to other objects. We present here a python toolkit that allows a user to produce colour–magnitude diagrams of transiting exoplanets, comparing planets to populations of ultra-cool dwarfs, of directly imaged exoplanets, to theoretical models of planetary atmospheres, and to other transiting exoplanets. Using a selection of near- and mid-infrared colour–magnitude diagrams, we show how outliers can be identified for further investigation, and how emerging subpopulations can be identified. Additionally, we present evidence that observed differences in the Spitzer’s 4.5 μm flux, between irradiated Jupiters and field brown dwarfs, might be attributed to phosphine, which is susceptible to photolysis. The presence of phosphine in low-irradiation environments may negate the need for thermal inversions to explain eclipse measurements. We speculate that the anomalously low 4.5 μm flux of the nightside of HD 189733b and the daysides of GJ 436b and GJ 3470b might be caused by phosphine absorption. Finally, we use our toolkit to include Hubble Wide Field Camera 3 spectra, creating a new photometric band called the ‘Water band’ (WJH band) in the process. We show that the colour index [WJH − H] can be used to constrain the C/O ratio of exoplanets, showing that future observations with James Webb Space Telescope and Ariel will be able to distinguish these populations if they exist, and select members for future follow-up.
Analysis of quiet-sun turbulence on the basis of SDO/HMI and goode solar telescope data
Authors: Abramenko Valentina I , Yurchyshyn Vasyl B 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT
We analysed line-of-sight magnetic fields and magnetic power spectra of an undisturbed photosphere using magnetograms acquired by the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) on-board the Solar Dynamic Observatory and the Near InfraRed Imaging Spectrapolarimeter (NIRIS) operating at the Goode Solar Telescope of the Big Bear Solar Observatory. In the NIRIS data, we revealed thin flux tubes of 200–400 km in diameter and of 1000–2000 G field strength. The HMI power spectra determined for a coronal hole, a quiet sun, and a plage areas exhibit the same spectral index of −1 on a broad range of spatial scales from 10–20 Mm down to 2.4 Mm. This implies that the same mechanism(s) of magnetic field generation operate everywhere in the undisturbed photosphere. The most plausible one is the local turbulent dynamo. When compared to the HMI spectra, the −1.2 slope of the NIRIS spectrum appears to be more extended into the short spatial range until the cut-off at 0.8–0.9 Mm, after which it continues with a steeper slope of −2.2. Comparison of the observed and Kolmogorov-type spectra allowed us to infer that the Kolmogorov turbulent cascade cannot account for more than 35 per cent of the total magnetic energy observed in the scale range of 3.5–0.3 Mm. The energy excess can be attributed to other mechanisms of field generation such as the local turbulent dynamo and magnetic superdiffusivity observed in an undisturbed photosphere that can slow down the rate of the Kolmogorov cascade leading to a shallower resulting spectrum.
High-resolution survey for planetary companions to young stars in the Taurus molecular cloud
Authors: Wallace A L , Kammerer J , Ireland M J , Federrath C , Kraus A L , Maddison S T , Rizzuto A , Birchall E K , Martinache F 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT
Direct imaging in the infrared at the diffraction limit of large telescopes is a unique probe of the properties of young planetary systems. We survey 55 single class I and class II stars in Taurus in the L’ filter using natural and laser guide star adaptive optics and the near-infrared camera (NIRC2) of the Keck II telescope, in order to search for planetary-mass companions. We use both reference star differential imaging and kernel phase techniques, achieving typical 5σ contrasts of ∼6 mag at separations of 0.2 arcsec and ∼8 mag beyond 0.5 arcsec. Although, we do not detect any new faint companions, we constrain the frequency of wide separation massive planets, such as HR 8799 analogues. We find that, assuming hot-start models and a planet distribution with power-law mass and semimajor axis indices of −0.5 and −1, respectively, less than 20 per cent of our target stars host planets with masses &gt;2 MJ at separations &gt;10 au.
A unified picture of Galactic and cosmological fast radio bursts
Authors: Lu Wenbin , Kumar Pawan , Zhang Bing 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT
The discovery of a fast radio burst (FRB) in our Galaxy associated with a magnetar (neutron star with strong magnetic field) has provided a critical piece of information to help us finally understand these enigmatic transients. We show that the volumetric rate of Galactic-FRB like events is consistent with the faint end of the cosmological FRB rate, and hence they most likely belong to the same class of transients. The Galactic FRB had an accompanying X-ray burst, but many X-ray bursts from the same object had no radio counterpart. Their relative rates suggest that for every FRB there are roughly 102–103 X-ray bursts. The radio light curve of the Galactic FRB had two spikes, separated by 30 ms in the 400–800 MHz frequency band. This is an important clue and highly constraining of the class of models where the radio emission is produced outside the light cylinder of the magnetar. We suggest that magnetic disturbances close to the magnetar surface propagate to a distance of a few tens of neutron star radii where they damp and produce radio emission. The coincident hard X-ray spikes associated with the two FRB pulses seen in this burst and the flux ratio between the two frequency bands can be understood in this scenario. This model provides a unified picture for faint bursts like the Galactic FRB as well as the bright events seen at cosmological distances.
The warm-hot circumgalactic medium around EAGLE-simulation galaxies and its detection prospects with X-ray and UV line absorption
Authors: Wijers Nastasha A , Schaye Joop , Oppenheimer Benjamin D 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT
We use the EAGLE (Evolution and Assembly of GaLaxies and their Environments) cosmological simulation to study the distribution of baryons, and far-ultraviolet (O vi), extreme-ultraviolet (Ne viii), and X-ray (O vii, O viii, Ne ix, and Fe xvii) line absorbers, around galaxies and haloes of mass $\,{M}_{\rm {200c}}= 10^{11}$–$10^{14.5} \, \rm {M}_{\odot}$ at redshift 0.1. EAGLE predicts that the circumgalactic medium (CGM) contains more metals than the interstellar medium across halo masses. The ions we study here trace the warm-hot, volume-filling phase of the CGM, but are biased towards temperatures corresponding to the collisional ionization peak for each ion, and towards high metallicities. Gas well within the virial radius is mostly collisionally ionized, but around and beyond this radius, and for O vi, photoionization becomes significant. When presenting observables, we work with column densities, but quantify their relation with equivalent widths by analysing virtual spectra. Virial-temperature collisional ionization equilibrium ion fractions are good predictors of column density trends with halo mass, but underestimate the diversity of ions in haloes. Halo gas dominates the highest column density absorption for X-ray lines, but lower density gas contributes to strong UV absorption lines from O vi and Ne viii. Of the O vii (O viii) absorbers detectable in an Athena X-IFU blind survey, we find that 41 (56) per cent arise from haloes with $\,{M}_{\rm {200c}}= 10^{12.0}{-}10^{13.5} \, \rm {M}_{\odot}$. We predict that the X-IFU will detect O vii (O viii) in 77 (46) per cent of the sightlines passing $\,{M}_{\star }= 10^{10.5}{-}10^{11.0} \, \rm {M}_{\odot}$ galaxies within $100 \, \rm {pkpc}$ (59 (82) per cent for $\,{M}_{\star }\gt 10^{11.0} \, \rm {M}_{\odot}$). Hence, the X-IFU will probe covering fractions comparable to those detected with the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph for O vi.
CFHT MegaPrime/MegaCam u-band source catalogue of the AKARI North Ecliptic Pole Wide field
Authors: Huang Ting-Chi , Matsuhara Hideo , Goto Tomotsugu , Shim Hyunjin , Kim Seong Jin , Malkan Matthew A , Hashimoto Tetsuya , Hwang Ho Seong , Oi Nagisa , Toba Yoshiki , Lee Dongseob , Santos Daryl Joe D , Takagi Toshinobu 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT
The $AKARI$ infrared (IR) space telescope conducted two surveys (Deep and Wide) in the North Ecliptic Pole (NEP) field to find more than 100 000 IR sources using its infrared camera (IRC). IRC’s nine filters, which cover wavebands from 2 to 24 μm continuously, make $AKARI$ unique in comparison with other IR observatories such as $Spitzer$ or $WISE$. However, studies of the $AKARI$ NEP-Wide field sources had been limited due to the lack of follow-up observations in the ultraviolet (UV) and optical. In this work, we present the Canada–France–Hawaii Telescope MegaPrime/MegaCam u-band source catalogue of the $AKARI$ NEP-Wide field. The observations were taken in seven nights in 2015 and 2016, resulting in 82 observed frames covering 3.6 deg$^2$. The data reduction, image processing, and source extraction were performed in a standard procedure using the elixir pipeline and the astromatic software, and eventually 351 635 sources have been extracted. The data quality is discussed in two regions (shallow and deep) separately, due to the difference in the total integration time (4520 and 13 910 s). The 5$\sigma$ limiting magnitude, seeing full width at half-maximum, and the magnitude at 50 per cent completeness are 25.38 mag (25.79 mag in the deep region), 0.82 arcsec (0.94 arcsec), and 25.06 mag (25.45 mag), respectively. The u-band data provide us with critical improvements to photometric redshifts and UV estimates of the precious infrared sources from the $AKARI$ space telescope.