bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identifying patterns of lifestyle behaviours among children of 3 years old
Authors: Wang Lu , Jansen Wilma , van Grieken Amy , Vlasblom Eline , Boere-Boonekamp Magda M , L’Hoir Monique P , Raat Hein 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background
To identify the patterns of lifestyle behaviours in children aged 3 years, to investigate the parental and child characteristics associated with the lifestyle patterns, and to examine whether the identified lifestyle patterns are associated with child BMI and weight status.

Methods
Cross-sectional data of 2090 children 3 years old participating in the Dutch BeeBOFT study were used. Child dietary intakes, screen times and physical activity were assessed by parental questionnaire, and child weight and height were measured by trained professionals according to a standardized protocol. Latent class analysis was applied to identify patterns of lifestyle behaviours among children.

Results
Three subgroups of children with distinct patterns of lifestyle behaviours were identified: the ‘unhealthy lifestyle’ pattern (36%), the ‘low snacking and low screen time’ pattern (48%) and the ‘active, high fruit and vegetable, high snacking and high screen time’ pattern (16%). Children with low maternal educational level, those raised with permissive parenting style (compared those with authoritative parents), and boys were more likely be allocated to the ‘unhealthy lifestyle’ pattern and the ‘active, high fruit and vegetable, high snacking and high screen time’ pattern (P &lt; 0.05). No association was found between the identified lifestyle patterns and child BMI z-score at age 3 years.

Conclusions
Three different lifestyle patterns were observed among children aged 3 years. Low maternal educational level, permissive parenting style and male gender of the child were associated with having unhealthy lifestyle patterns for the child.
The 2018–2019 seismo-volcanic crisis east of Mayotte, Comoros islands: seismicity and ground deformation markers of an exceptional submarine eruption
Authors: Lemoine Anne , Briole Pierre , Bertil Didier , Roullé Agathe , Foumelis Michael , Thinon Isabelle , Raucoules Daniel , de Michele Marcello , Valty Pierre , Hoste Colomer Roser 
Published: June 2020

SUMMARYOn 10 May 2018, an unprecedented long and intense seismic crisis started offshore, east of Mayotte, the easternmost of the Comoros volcanic islands. The population felt hundreds of events. Over the course of 1 yr, 32 earthquakes with magnitude greater than 5 occurred, including the largest event ever recorded in the Comoros (Mw = 5.9 on 15 May 2018). Earthquakes are clustered in space and time. Unusual intense long lasting monochromatic very long period events were also registered. From early July 2018, Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) stations and Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) registered a large drift, testimony of a large offshore deflation. We describe the onset and the evolution of a large magmatic event thanks to the analysis of the seismicity from the initiation of the crisis through its first year, compared to the ground deformation observation (GNSS and InSAR) and modelling. We discriminate and characterize the initial fracturing phase, the phase of magma intrusion and dyke propagation from depth to the subsurface, and the eruptive phase that starts on 3 July 2018, around 50 d after the first seismic events. The eruption is not terminated 2 yr after its initiation, with the persistence of an unusual seismicity, whose pattern has been similar since summer 2018, including episodic very low frequency events presenting a harmonic oscillation with a period of ∼16 s. From July 2018, the whole Mayotte Island drifted eastward and downward at a slightly increasing rate until reaching a peak in late 2018. At the apex, the mean deformation rate was 224 mm yr−1 eastward and 186 mm yr−1 downward. During 2019, the deformation smoothly decreased and in January 2020, it was less than 20 per cent of its peak value. A deflation model of a magma reservoir buried in a homogenous half space fits well the data. The modelled reservoir is located 45 ± 5 km east of Mayotte, at a depth of 28 ± 3 km and the inferred magma extraction at the apex was ∼94 m3 s−1. The introduction of a small secondary source located beneath Mayotte Island at the same depth as the main one improves the fit by 20 per cent. While the rate of the main source drops by a factor of 5 during 2019, the rate of the secondary source remains stable. This might be a clue of the occurrence of relaxation at depth that may continue for some time after the end of the eruption. According to our model, the total volume extracted from the deep reservoir was ∼2.65 km3 in January 2020. This is the largest offshore volcanic event ever quantitatively documented. This seismo-volcanic crisis is consistent with the trans-tensional regime along Comoros archipelago.
Field surveys and numerical modelling of the 2004 December 26 Indian Ocean tsunami in the area of Mumbai, west coast of India
Authors: Heidarzadeh Mohammad , Rabinovich Alexander , Kusumoto Satoshi , Rajendran C P 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACTIn the aftermath of the 2004 Indian Ocean (Sumatra-Andaman) tsunami, numerous survey teams investigated its effects on various locations across the Indian Ocean. However, these efforts were focused only on sites that experienced major destruction and a high death toll. As a consequence, some Indian Ocean coastal megacities were not examined. Among the cities not surveyed was Mumbai, the principal west coast port and economical capital of India with a population of more than 12 million. Mumbai is at risk of tsunamis from two major subduction zones in the Indian Ocean: the Sumatra–Andaman subduction zone (SASZ) and the Makran subduction zone (MSZ). As a part of the present study, we conducted a field survey of the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami effects in Mumbai, analysed the available tide gauge records and performed tsunami simulations. Our field survey in 2018 January found run-up heights of 1.6−3.3 m in the Mumbai area. According to our analysis of tide gauge data, tsunami trough-to-crest heights in Okha (550 km to the north of Mumbai) and in Mormugao (410 km to the south of Mumbai) were 46 cm and 108 cm, respectively. Simulations of a hypothetical MSZ Mw 9.0 earthquake and tsunami, together with the Mw 9.1 Sumatra–Andaman earthquake and tsunami, show that the tsunami heights generated in Mumbai by an MSZ tsunami would be significantly larger than those generated by the 2004 Sumatra–Andaman tsunami. This result indicates that future tsunami hazard mitigation for Mumbai needs to be based on a potential large MSZ earthquake rather than an SASZ earthquake.
Mechanistic Insights Into the Differential Efficacy of Daptomycin Plus β-Lactam Combinations Against Daptomycin-Resistant Enterococcus faecium
Authors: Kebriaei Razieh , Stamper Kyle C , Singh Kavindra V , Khan Ayesha , Rice Seth A , Dinh An Q , Tran Truc T , Murray Barbara E , Arias Cesar A , Rybak Michael J 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe combination of daptomycin (DAP) plus ampicillin (AMP), ertapenem (ERT), or ceftaroline has been demonstrated to be efficacious against a DAP-tolerant Enterococcus faecium strain (HOU503). However, the mechanism for the efficacy of these combinations against DAP-resistant (DAP-R) E. faecium strains is unknown.MethodsWe investigated the efficacy of DAP in combination with AMP, ERT, ceftaroline, ceftriaxone, or amoxicillin against DAP-R E. faecium R497 using established in vitro and in vivo models. We evaluated pbp expression, levels of penicillin-binding protein (PBP) 5 (PBP5) and β-lactam binding affinity in HOU503 versus R497.ResultsDAP plus AMP was the only efficacious regimen against DAP-R R497 and prevented emergence of resistance. DAP at 8, 6, and 4 mg/kg in combination with AMP was efficacious but showed delayed killing compared with 10 mg/kg. PBP5 of HOU503 exhibited amino acid substitutions in the penicillin-binding domain relative to R497. No difference in pbp mRNA or PBP5 levels was detected between HOU503 and R497. labeling of PBPs with Bocillin FL, a fluorescent penicillin derivative, showed increased β-lactam binding affinity of PBP5 of HOU503 compared with that of R497.ConclusionsOnly DAP (10 mg/kg) plus AMP or amoxicillin was efficacious against a DAP-R E. faecium strain, and pbp5 alleles may be important contributors to efficacy of DAP plus β-lactam therapy.
A Reexamination of Marginal Religious Specialists: Himalayan Messengers from the Dead
Authors: Prude Alyson 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA delog is a Tibetan Buddhist religious specialist believed to die and return to life to relay messages from the dead. In the contemporary Himalayas, the revenant experiences that delogs undergo happen to people with limited access to social and economic power and thus confer a religious title on individuals whose opportunities to function in authoritative religious roles are limited. At the same time, the network of expectations within which delogs are identified naturalizes and perpetuates gender, class, educational, and ethnic hierarchies among Himalayan Buddhists. Although minor religious vocations continue to be celebrated as avenues by which subaltern people challenge hegemony, the contemporary delog tradition in the Himalayas effectively works to reinforce the power and authority of texts and male elites.
Characterizing outpatient problem list completeness and duplications in the electronic health record
Authors: Wang Edward Chia-Heng , Wright Adam 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Objective
The study sought to characterize rates of problem list completeness and duplications in common chronic diseases and to identify any relationships that they may have with respect to disease type, demographics, and disease severity.

Materials and Methods
We performed a retrospective analysis of electronic health record data from Partners HealthCare. We selected 8 common chronic diseases and identified patients with each of those diseases. We then analyzed each patient’s problem list for completeness and duplications and also collected information regarding demographics and disease severity. Rates of completeness and duplications were calculated for each disease and compared according to disease type, demographics, and disease severity.

Results
A total of 327 695 unique patients and 383 404 problem list entries were identified. Problem list completeness varied from 72.9% in hypertension to 93.5% in asthma, whereas problem list duplications varied from 4.8% in hypertension to 28.2% in diabetes. There was a variable relationship between demographic factors and rates of completeness and duplication. Rates of completeness were positively correlated with disease severity for most diseases. Rates of duplication were consistently positively correlated with disease severity.

Conclusions
Incompleteness and duplications are both important issues in problem lists. These issues vary widely across different diseases and can also be impacted by patient demographics and disease severity. Further studies are needed to investigate the effect of individual user behaviors and organizational policies on problem list utilization, which will aid the development of interventions that improve the utility of problem lists.
Updates in the 8th edition of the TNM staging system for esophagus and esophagogastric junction cancer
Authors: Daiko Hiroyuki , Kato Ken 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The tumor–node metastasis (TNM) classification, originally developed in 1943 and subsequently adopted by the Union for International Cancer Control and the American Joint Committee on Cancer, is regularly updated based on new information and developments. The TNM classification system is the main tool used for both clinical and pathological staging of cancers worldwide. The 8th edition of the TNM classification for esophageal and esophagogastric junction (EGJ) cancer, released in 2017, was updated from the 7th edition based on additional data supplied by the Worldwide Esophageal Cancer Collaboration group. We summarize the main changes between the 7th and 8th editions of this TNM classification. Notable changes included separate clinical, pathological and pathological prognostic staging for adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas. Pathological prognostic staging was also improved by updating the T- and N-factors regarding histopathological differentiation and tumor location, respectively. The definition of EGJ cancer was changed from tumors centered within 5 cm to tumors within 2 cm of the EGJ. These updates to the TNM classification will help to improve the personalized management and treatment of patients with esophageal and EGJ cancers.
Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma of the lung: CT findings and clinical course of 35 cases
Authors: Onishi Yasuyuki , Kusumoto Masahiko , Goto Yasushi , Kaku Sawako , Motoi Noriko 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Objectives
To evaluate computed tomography findings and assess the clinical course of patients with pulmonary epithelioid hemangioendothelioma.

Methods
Patients diagnosed with pulmonary epithelioid hemangioendothelioma at our institution between 2000 and 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients with pleural involvement were excluded. Computed tomography findings of the lung at diagnosis were classified into three patterns: multiple small nodules pattern (˂15 mm), multiple nodules with large lesions pattern (≥15 mm) and single lesion pattern. Additionally, the clinical course of patients was evaluated.

Results
Thirty-five patients (15 men and 20 women; median age, 44 years) with pulmonary epithelioid hemangioendothelioma were identified. The multiple small nodules pattern, multiple nodules with large lesions pattern and single lesion pattern were observed in 25 (71.4%), 8 (22.9%) and 2 (5.7%) patients, respectively. In 22 (62.9%) patients, extra-pulmonary epithelioid hemangioendothelioma lesions were found. Most patients were followed without initial treatment, while two patients with single lesion pattern underwent surgical resection. The median follow-up period was 63 months. Five-year overall survival rate of all patients was 96.3%. Latest clinical information revealed that 20 (20/25, 80%) patients with multiple small nodules pattern were alive without symptoms. In patients with multiple nodules with large lesion pattern, four (4/8, 50%) patients were alive without symptoms, three (3/8, 37.5%) patients were alive with symptoms and one (1/8, 12.5%) died. No recurrence was observed in patients with single lesion pattern.

Conclusions
Multiple small nodules pattern was the most common findings of pulmonary epithelioid hemangioendothelioma. Patients with pulmonary epithelioid hemangioendothelioma have good prognosis.
Assessment of Resistance to Organophosphates and Pyrethroids in Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae): Do Synergists Affect Mortality?
Authors: Cataldo Natalie P , Lea C Suzanne , Kelley Timothy , Richards Stephanie L 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Aedes aegypti (L.) is the primary vector of Zika, dengue, yellow fever, and chikungunya viruses. Insecticides used in mosquito control can help prevent the spread of vector-borne diseases. However, it is essential to determine insecticide resistance (IR) status before control measures are undertaken. Only the most effective insecticides should be used to avoid ineffective control and/or promotion of IR. Pyrethroids and organophosphates are the most commonly used insecticides for mosquito control. Here, the efficacy of two active ingredients (AIs; permethrin [pyrethroid], chlorpyrifos [organophosphate]), two formulated products (FPs; Biomist [AI: permethrin]) and (Mosquitomist [AI: chlorpyrifos]), and three synergists (piperonyl butoxide, diethyl maleate, S-S-S-tributyl phosphorotrithioate) was evaluated in two Ae. aegypti colonies (pyrethroid resistant and susceptible). Mosquitomist was most effective against the pyrethroid-resistant colony (100% mortality at diagnostic time). Pre-exposure to synergists did not increase the efficacy of AIs against the pyrethroid-resistant colony. Further research is needed to discover how synergists may affect the efficacy of insecticides when used on pyrethroid-resistant mosquitoes.
Expanding the Phenotype of Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration With FUS-Positive Pathology (FTLD-FUS)
Authors: Chornenka Karina , Hirsch-Reinshagen Veronica , Perez-Rosendahl Mari , Feldman Howard , Segal-Gidan Freddi , Vinters Harry V , Mackenzie Ian R 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Atypical frontotemporal lobar degeneration with ubiquitin-positive inclusions (aFTLD-U) is an uncommon cause of frontotemporal dementia characterized by fused in sarcoma-positive inclusions. It is classified as a subtype of frontotemporal lobar degeneration with FUS pathology. Cases with aFTLD-U pathology typically display an early onset of symptoms and severe psychobehavioral changes in the absence of significant aphasia, cognitive-intellectual dysfunction or motor features. This phenotype is regarded as being sufficiently unusual and consistent as to allow antemortem diagnosis with a high degree of accuracy. In this report, we describe 2 cases with aFTLD-U pathology that broaden the associated phenotype to include later age of onset, milder behavioral abnormalities and early memory and language impairment.
Connective professionalism: Towards (yet another) ideal type
Authors: Adams Tracey L , Clegg Stewart , Eyal Gil , Reed Mike , Saks Mike 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACTIn this essay, four leading scholars provide critical commentary on an article entitled ‘Protective or Connective Professionalism? How Connected Professionals Can (Still) Act as Autonomous and Authoritative Experts’ (Noordegraaf, 2020, Journal of Professions and Organization, 7/2). Of central concern to all four commentators is Noordegraaf’s use of ideal types as a heuristic device to make his case and capture historical change over time. While some question the usefulness of ideal types, others question Noordegraaf’s use of them. The commentators raise additional concerns, especially the limited attention to variations across professions, geographic regions, and limited attention to social–historical contexts.
Pseudodiagnosis of Pseudoseizure
Authors: Croskerry Pat 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In this case, a 35-year-old male is brought to a community hospital emergency department by ambulance having suffered an apparent seizure in the street. He is well known to the nurses and physician who see him. He has had several visits for seizures, and he has a history of depression. He has had electroencephalography studies and a computed tomography scan of his head in the past and has had assessments by both neurology and psychiatry. While he is in the department, he has an atypical seizure. There is a consensus among the ED staff that his seizures may be factitious. After a period of observation, he is discharged. Approximately 6 months later, the physician hears that the patient has died and tracks down his autopsy report, which had a surprising finding.
An Instable Inadvertence
Authors: Croskerry Pat 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
A 35-year-old male presents to the emergency department with an injury to his wrist that resulted from a fall while skating. On reviewing the patient’s X-rays, the emergency physician becomes concerned about the possibility of a fracture of the radius. His selective attention results in his inadvertently missing an associated ligamentous injury which the radiologist does pick up. The patient proves to have two very significant injuries from the fall.
A Laconic Lad
Authors: Croskerry Pat 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This case describes the clinical course of a young boy through an ophthalmology clinic and two hospital emergency departments. A variety of contributory factors led to his initial misdiagnosis and provide a good illustration of James Reason’s classic Swiss cheese model for the trajectory of an error through the system. Numerous cognitive biases and other cognitive failures occur along the way, including the classic déformation professionnelle. The case raises several important considerations about clinical decision making generally, especially the common confusion regarding correlation and causation.
The Misunderstood Matelot
Authors: Croskerry Pat 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This case describes a pleasant, elderly naval veteran who presents to the emergency department on several occasions with some troubling symptoms that are of concern to his family. A consensus develops among his physicians that he is showing signs of dementia, probably due to organicity caused by a lifetime of drinking alcohol. Although he may have incurred some damage to his liver–brain axis through drinking alcohol, the true cause of his recent deterioration lies elsewhere.
A Rake’s Progress
Authors: Croskerry Pat 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This case discusses a middle-aged male who experiences abdominal pain and loss of consciousness at a mall. His wife believes he is having a heart attack and rushes him to a nearby emergency department. He is also experiencing some left shoulder pain and diaphoresis, which is misinterpreted at triage. This communication error leads to him being misassigned to a cardiac area. Eventually, the correct diagnosis is made, and the patient makes an uneventful recovery.
Bungled Bullae
Authors: Croskerry Pat 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In this case, an elderly male with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease presents to the emergency department of a teaching hospital with an acute exacerbation of his lung disease. He is initially treated for what appears to the emergency physician to be a significant pneumothorax, a diagnosis confirmed by a radiologist. However, the insertion of a Heimlich valve considerably worsens the patient’s condition. The diagnostic error is subsequently discovered.
Alternate Alternatives
Authors: Croskerry Pat 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In this case, an elderly female presents to the emergency department with a complaint of low back pain for the past few months. She has been receiving treatment from a chiropractor for misalignment of her spine but believes she is not improving. She is seen by an emergency physician, who finds an essentially normal exam. Specifically, she has no neurological findings and a completely normal musculoskeletal exam. Urinalysis shows clear signs of a urinary tract infection. She is started on an antibiotic, and at follow-up her back pain has resolved and her urinalysis is normal. The case provides an opportunity to review complementary and alternative medicine and its pitfalls.
Notable Near Miss
Authors: Croskerry Pat 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In this case, a 70-year-old female presents to the emergency department (ED) of a community hospital with facial swelling and rash. She was seen at her family doctor’s office 4 days earlier, when she was diagnosed with herpes zoster and started on medication. She complains of headache, blurred vision, severe pain in her scalp, and swelling around her eye. Attention is initially focused on her skin infection and the appropriate antibiotic treatment. She has two further visits to the same ED before a complication of her infection is noted, requiring referral for ophthalmological assessment.
Missed It
Authors: Croskerry Pat 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In this case, a middle-aged male presents in the early hours of the morning to the emergency department (ED) of a teaching hospital. His chief complaint is shortness of breath. His history is significant for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and he is diagnosed as having exacerbation of COPD. The ED physician calls a medical intern to do the admission, and the patient is taken to the floor. The patient does not settle, and the intern is called back to the floor twice. The second time the intern is called back, the patient deteriorates further and has a cardiac arrest from which he cannot be resuscitated. His true diagnosis is revealed at an autopsy later that day.