bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of cytokine expression and circulating immune cell subsets as potential parameters of acute radiation toxicity in prostate cancer patients
Authors: Stanojković Tatjana P. , Matić Ivana Z. , Petrović Nina , Stanković Vesna , Kopčalić Katarina , Besu Irina , Đorđić Crnogorac Marija , Mališić Emina , Mirjačić-Martinović Katarina , Vuletić Ana , Bukumirić Zoran , Žižak Željko , Veldwijk Marlon , Herskind Carsten , Nikitović Marina 
Published: November 2020

AbstractOne of the challenges of radiation oncology in the era of personalized medicine is identification of biomarkers associated with individual radiosensitivity. The aim of research was to evaluate the possible clinical value of the associations between clinical, physical, and biological factors, and risk for development of acute radiotoxicity in patients with prostate cancer. The study involved forty four patients treated with three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy. The concentrations of IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IFN-γ and TGF-β1 were assessed before radiotherapy, after 5th, 15th and 25th radiotherapy fractions, at the end, and 1 month after the end of radiotherapy. Cytokine gene expression was determined in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The univariate analysis of circulating cytokine levels during radiotherapy showed that increased serum concentrations of IL-6 were significantly associated with higher grade of acute genitourinary toxicity. The multivariate analysis demonstrated that increased level of IL-6 during the radiotherapy was significantly associated with higher grade of acute genitourinary toxicity across treatment. TGF-β expression levels significantly decreased during course of radiotherapy. Research indicates that changes in circulating cytokine levels might be important parameter of radiotoxicity in patients with prostate cancer. These findings suggest that future studies based on multi-parameter examination are necessary for prediction of individual radiosensitivity.
3D rainbow phononic crystals for extended vibration attenuation bands
Authors: Meng H. , Bailey N. , Chen Y. , Wang L. , Ciampa F. , Fabro A. , Chronopoulos D. , Elmadih W. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWe hereby report for the first time on the design, manufacturing and testing of a three-dimensional (3D) nearly-periodic, locally resonant phononic crystal (PnC). Most of the research effort on PnCs and metamaterials has been focused on the enhanced dynamic properties arising from their periodic design. Lately, additive manufacturing techniques have made a number of designs with intrinsically complex geometries feasible to produce. These recent developments have led to innovative solutions for broadband vibration attenuation, with a multitude of potential engineering applications. The recently introduced concept of rainbow metamaterials and PnCs has shown a significant potential for further expanding the spectrum of vibration attenuation in such structures by introducing a gradient profile for the considered unit cells. Given the above, it is expected that designing non-periodic PnCs will attract significant attention from scientists and engineers in the years to come. The proposed nearly-periodic design is based on cuboid blocks connected by curved beams, with internal voids in the blocks being implemented to adjust the local masses and generate a 3D rainbow PnC. Results show that the proposed approach can produce lightweight PnCs of a simple, manufacturable design exhibiting attenuation bandwidths more than two times larger than the equivalent periodic designs of equal mass.
Controlled steric selectivity in molecular doping towards closest-packed supramolecular conductors
Authors: Kohno Shinya , Yamashita Yu , Kasuya Naotaka , Mikie Tsubasa , Osaka Itaru , Takimiya Kazuo , Takeya Jun , Watanabe Shun 
Published: November 2020

AbstractRecent developments in molecular doping technologies allow extremely high carrier densities in polymeric semiconductors, exhibiting great diversity because of the unique size, conformation, and steric effect of molecular dopants. However, it is controversial how steric effects can limit the doping efficiency and to what extent dopants can be accommodated in polymers. Here, we employ two distinct conjugated polymers with different alkyl side-chain densities, where polymers are doped via anion-change, allowing greater variation in the incorporation of molecular dopants having different electrostatic potentials and shapes. We characterize the doping efficiency with regard to steric effects, considering the unique void space in the conjugated polymers. Our study reveals that doping efficiency of polymers with sparse alkyl side-chains is significantly greater than that with dense side-chains. A closest-packed supramolecule is realized with a particular combination of a sparse polymer and a large dopant, giving rise to high conductivity, air stability, and remarkably high work function. This work provides a critical insight into overcoming steric effects in molecular doping.
The pathogenPseudomonas aeruginosaoptimizes the production of the siderophore pyochelin upon environmental challenges
Authors: Cunrath Olivier , Graulier Gwenaëlle , Carballido-Lopez Ana , Pérard Julien , Forster Anne , Geoffroy Valérie A , Saint Auguste Pamela , Bumann Dirk , Mislin Gaetan L A , Michaud-Soret Isabelle , Schalk Isabelle J , Fechter Pierre 
Published: November 2020

AbstractSiderophores are iron chelators produced by bacteria to access iron, an essential nutrient. The pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa produces two siderophores, pyoverdine and pyochelin, the former with a high affinity for iron and the latter with a lower affinity. Furthermore, the production of both siderophores involves a positive auto-regulatory loop: the presence of the ferri-siderophore complex is essential for their large production. Since pyochelin has a lower affinity for iron it was hard to consider the role of pyochelin in drastic competitive environments where the host or the environmental microbiota produce strong iron chelators and may inhibit iron chelation by pyochelin. We showed here that the pyochelin pathway overcomes this difficulty through a more complex regulating mechanism for pyochelin production than previously described. Indeed, in the absence of pyoverdine, and thus higher difficulty to access iron, the bacteria are able to produce pyochelin independently of the presence of ferri-pyochelin. The regulation of the pyochelin pathway appeared to be more complex than expected with a more intricate tuning between repression and activation. Consequently, when the bacteria cannot produce pyoverdine they are able to produce pyochelin even in the presence of strong iron chelators. Such results support a more complex and varied role for this siderophore than previously described, and complexify the battle for iron during P. aeruginosa infection.
Transferred by exosomes-derived MiR-19b-3p targets PTEN to regulate esophageal cancer cell apoptosis, migration and invasion
Authors: Zeng Qingxin , Zhu Ziyi , Song Lijiang , He Zhengfu 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The present study aims to investigate the relationship between miR-19b-3p and esophageal cancer (ESCA), and to detect the effects of miR-19b-3p transferred by exosomes on the phenotype of EC9706 cells. The expression of miR-19b-3p was detected by starBase analysis and real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). The target genes of miR-19b-3p were predicted by TargetScan and further verified by luciferase analysis. The mRNA and protein expression levels of PTEN and EMT-related genes were detected by RT-qPCR and Western blotting. The effects of miR-19b-3p transferred by exosomes and its target genes on the apoptosis, migration and invasion of EC9706 cells were studied by establishing a co-culture model of donor cells. The expression of miR-19b-3p in ESCA plasma, cells and exosomes was significantly up-regulated. miR-19b-3p transferred by exosomes could significantly reduce EC9706 cells apoptosis rate, promote cell migration and invasion, and could target the inhibition of PTEN expression. PTEN overexpression promoted apoptosis, inhibited cell migration and invasion, down-regulated the expression of MMP-2 and vimentin, and up-regulated E-cadherin expression; however, these effects could be partially reversed by miR-19b-3p. In summary, our results reveal that miR-19b-3p transferred by exosomes can target PTEN to regulate ESCA biological functions in the receptor EC9706 cells.
Network pharmacology for the identification of phytochemicals in traditional Chinese medicine for COVID-19 that may regulate interleukin-6
Authors: Niu Wen-hao , Wu Feng , Cao Wen-yue , Wu Zong-gui , Chao Yu-Chieh , Peng Fei , Liang Chun 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjective: ´Three formulas and three medicines,’ namely, Jinhua Qinggan Granule, Lianhua Qingwen Capsule, Xuebijing Injection, Qingfei Paidu Decoction, HuaShi BaiDu Formula, and XuanFei BaiDu Granule, were proven to be effective for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) treatment. The present study aimed to identify the active chemical constituents of this traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and investigate their mechanisms through interleukin-6 (IL-6) integrating network pharmacological approaches.Methods: We collected the compounds from all herbal ingredients of the previously mentioned TCM, but those that could down-regulate IL-6 were screened through the network pharmacology approach. Then, we modeled molecular docking to evaluate the binding affinity between compounds and IL-6. Furthermore, we analyzed the biological processes and pathways of compounds. Finally, we screened out the core genes of compounds through the construction of the protein–protein interaction network and the excavation of gene clusters of compounds.Results: The network pharmacology research showed that TCM could decrease IL-6 using several compounds, such as quercetin, ursolic acid, luteolin, and rutin. Molecular docking results showed that the molecular binding affinity with IL-6 of all compounds except γ-aminobutyric acid was &lt; −5.0 kJ/mol, indicating the potential of numerous active compounds in TCM to directly interact with IL-6, leading to an anti-inflammation effect. Finally, Cytoscape 3.7.2 was used to topologize the biological processes and pathways of compounds, revealing potential mechanisms for COVID-19 treatment.Conclusion: These results indicated the positive effect of TCM on the prevention and rehabilitation of COVID-19 in at-risk people. Quercetin, ursolic acid, luteolin, and rutin could inhibit COVID-19 by down-regulating IL-6.
The interactome of multifunctional HAX1 protein suggests its role in the regulation of energy metabolism, de-aggregation, cytoskeleton organization and RNA-processing
Authors: Wakula Maciej , Balcerak Anna , Rubel Tymon , Chmielarczyk Mateusz , Konopinski Ryszard , Lyczek Filip , Grzybowska Ewa A. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractHCLS1-associated protein X-1 (HAX1) is a multifunctional protein involved in many cellular processes, including apoptosis, cell migration and calcium homeostasis, but its mode of action still remains obscure. Multiple HAX1 protein partners have been identified, but they are involved in many distinct pathways, form different complexes and do not constitute a coherent group. By characterizing HAX1 protein interactome using targeted approach, we attempt to explain HAX1 multiple functions and its role in the cell. Presented analyses indicate that HAX1 interacts weakly with a wide spectrum of proteins and its interactome tends to be cell-specific, which conforms to a profile of intrinsically disordered protein (IDP). Moreover, we have identified a mitochondrial subset of HAX1 protein partners and preliminarily characterized its involvement in the cellular response to oxidative stress and aggregation.
Rotated DFT‐s‐OFDM for transmitting PAPR‐minimised BPSK symbols
Authors: Cho L. , Huang W. , Hsu C.‐Y. 
Published: November 2020

The third generation partnership project has recommended π /2‐binary phase‐shift keying (BPSK) in discrete‐Fourier‐transform‐spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT‐s‐OFDM) for low peak‐to‐average power ratio (PAPR) uplink transmission. Recently, the rotation angle of 7π /6 for rotated BPSK has been proposed by J. Kim et al. to achieve optimal PAPR performance. However, the authors discovered that this angle might negate the contribution to PAPR reduction in most number of allocated subcarriers owing to the discrete‐Fourier‐transform (DFT) boundary‐matching problem. To solve this issue, they propose a novel scheme to fine‐tune the rotation angle to approximately 7π /6 in a manner compatible with the long‐term evolution/new radio specification, while ensuring that the data phase matches the periodicity. Simulations show that the proposed scheme can stably improve the PAPR by ∼0.2 dB compared to π /2‐BPSK for any DFT spacing, thereby benefiting user equipment by providing better power efficiency and wider signal coverage without additional computational complexity.
Wahrnehmung der COVID-19-Pandemie unter pneumologischen Fachkräften in Deutschland
Authors: Peine A. , Paffenholz P. , Hellmich M. , Martin L. , Roderburg C. , Heidenreich A. , Marx G. , Trautwein C. , Luedde T. , Loosen S. H. 
Published: November 2020

ZusammenfassungDie COVID-19-Pandemie stellt eine immense Herausforderung für globale Gesundheitssysteme dar. Obwohl weitreichende Präventionsmaßnahmen wie die Erhöhung von intensiv-medizinischen Kapazitäten sowie drastische Einschränkungen des öffentlichen Lebens eine Überlastung des deutschen Gesundheitssystems bislang abwenden konnten, impliziert die COVID-19-Pandemie eine außergewöhnlich hohe Belastung für medizinische Fachkräfte. Die aktuelle Studie präsentiert die Ergebnisse einer Evaluation unter 513 pneumologischen Fachkräften in Deutschland im Zeitraum vom 27. März bis zum 11. April 2020. Während die Mehrzahl der Befragten angab, dass Deutschland gut auf die Pandemie vorbereitet ist, so war diese Einschätzung signifikant schlechter unter Teilnehmenden aus dem ambulanten Sektor, verglichen mit Teilnehmern des Krankenhaussektors (p < 0,001). Zudem wurde ein Mangel an medizinischer Schutzausrüstung signifikant häufiger von Befragten des ambulanten Sektors berichtet (p < 0,001). Die Bedeutung telemedizinischer Ansätze während der COVID-19-Pandemie wurde von der Mehrheit pneumologischer Fachkräfte als „hoch“ (35,2 %) bzw. „sehr hoch“ (17,2 %) eingestuft, wobei Teilnehmende aus dem Krankenhaussektor einen höheren Stellenwert sahen (p < 0,001). Schließlich äußerten 45,8 % der Befragten einen negativen Einfluss der COVID-19-Pandemie auf die persönliche Stimmung, und 58,3 % zeigten sich stark oder sehr stark besorgt um die Gesundheit ihrer Mitmenschen. Diese Einschätzung war unter weiblichen Teilnehmern und Gesundheits- und Krankenpfleger(-inne)n signifikant stärker ausgeprägt (p < 0,001). Zusammenfassend analysiert die aktuelle Studie erstmalig die beruflichen und persönlichen Auswirkungen der COVID-19-Pandemie auf pneumologische Fachkräfte in Deutschland. Die Ergebnisse könnten dazu beitragen, erste Ansatzpunkte zu identifizieren, wie medizinische Fachkräfte im Verlauf der aktuellen und zukünftiger Herausforderungen besser unterstützt werden können.
Einsatz eines ECLS bei Patienten im kardiogenen und septischen Schock: Untersuchung zur Indikation und zum Outcome
Authors: Wechsler Lukas , Heigl Johannes , Machann Holger , Witt Sabine , Schwinger Robert H. G. 
Published: November 2020

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Das Klinikum Weiden ist das größte Klinikum der nördlichen Oberpfalz (Einzugsgebiet 250 000 Einwohnern auf 5300 km2) und Primärversorger für Patienten im Schockgeschehen (WHIN: Weidener Herzinfarktnetz). Es werden 2 Herzkatheterlabore (24/7-Bereitschaft) und 1 Extrakorporales Life-Support System (ECMO Cardiohelp, Maquet) vorgehalten. Das Ziel dieser retrospektiven Studie war es, Indikation und Outcome nach ECLS-Implantation zu analysieren.
Methoden Im Zeitraum vom 01.01.2008 bis zum 31.12.2017 wurde im Klinikum Weiden an 91 Patienten (68 ♂, 23 ♀; 64 ± 13 Jahren) ein ECLS implantiert. 64% des Gesamt-Patientenkollektivs wurden notfallmäßig vorstellig, die restlichen Patienten erhielten eine ECMO supportiv aufgrund einer High-Risk PTCA. 37 Patienten wurden vor Systemimplantation reanimiert, 17 mit einem mechanischen Thoraxkompressionsgerät (LUCAS). Die folgenden Scoring-Systeme wurden verwendet, um die Schwere des Schocks zu bewerten: APACHE II, SOFA und SAPS II.
Ergebnisse Das Überleben (30 d/12 m) nach Systemexplantation betrug bei VA-ECMO 59% bzw. 49% und bei VV-ECMO 70% bzw. 70%. Die Mortalität war abhängig von der Anzahl der applizierten Katecholamine (KA), 45 (49%) Patienten erhielten mehrere KA (1-Jahres-Überleben: ohne KA 89%; 1 KA 55%; 2 KA 31%; 3 KA 30%). Weitere Einflussfaktoren auf die Mortalität waren eine Sepsis und eine Herz-Lungen-Wiederbelebung (CPR) vor Systemimplantation – die Länge der Reanimation, kombiniert externe und interne Reanimation und LUCAS-CPR verschlechterten das Outcome.
Diskussion Bei Patienten im Schockgeschehen, die nach medikamentöser Maximaltherapie weiterhin hämodynamisch und/oder respiratorisch instabil bleiben, kann durch die Implantation eines ECLS das Schockgeschehen durchbrochen werden. Ein primär versorgendes Klinikum kann mit ECMO eine Therapieoption mit vertretbaren Risiken und nachweislichem Nutzen – wenigstens in kleiner Fallzahl belegt – anbieten und Patienten können davon profitieren. So kann es für Landkreise mit größerer Fahrzeit zu einem Klinikum der Maximalversorgung eine in Teilen maximalmedizinische Therapieoption bieten.
Strengthening Plastic Surgery in Europe – ESPRAS Survey at ESPRAS European Leadership Forum (ELF)
Authors: Giunta Riccardo E. , Möllhoff Nicholas , Costa Horacio , Demirdöver Cenk , di Benedetto Giovanni , Elander Anna , Henley Mark , Murray Dylan J. , Schaefer Dirk J. , Spendel Stephan , Vasar Olavi , Zic Rado 
Published: November 2020

ZusammenfassungHintergrund Das Exekutivkomitee (ExCo) der ESPRAS hat im Oktober 2020 das erste ESPRAS European Leadership Forum (ELF) initiiert, um den internationalen Austausch zwischen den verschiedenen nationalen plastisch-chirurgischen Gesellschaften zu fördern und eine Plattform für die Bewältigung gemeinsamer Herausforderung bereitzustellen. Das vorgelegte Manuskript präsentiert die wichtigsten Ergebnisse und Schlussfolgerungen dieses Treffens.Materialien und Methoden Mitglieder des Vorstands (Präsidenten, Vize-Präsidenten, Generalsekretäre) und Delegierte der nationalen Gesellschaften für Plastische Chirurgie diskutierten aktuelle Themen der Plastischen Chirurgie über das virtuelle Konferenzsystem Zoom (Zoom Video Communications, Inc.). Über Zoom erfolgte zudem eine Umfrage zu verschiedenen international relevanten plastisch-chirurgischen Themen.Ergebnisse Die Durchführung ästhetischer Eingriffe durch Ärzte ohne Facharztweiterbildung in der Plastischen Chirurgie, sowie das Brustimplantat-assoziierte anaplastische großzellige Lymphom (BIA-ALCL) wurden als die wichtigsten internationalen Herausforderungen der Plastischen Chirurgie erkannt, für deren Bewältigung auf europäischer Ebene ein standardisiertes Vorgehen diskutiert wurde. Weiterhin wurden aktuelle Entwicklungen in der Weiterbildung junger Plastischer Chirurgen eruiert, wobei die Etablierung eines europäischen Fellowship Programms von der Mehrheit der Befragten stark befürwortet wurde. Strategien zur Einführung von europäischen Registern für freie Lappenplastiken, Implantate und für die Brustrekonstruktion wurden erörtert.Schlussfolgerung Das ESPRAS ELF stärkt den internationalen Austausch und die europäische Einheit in der Plastischen Chirurgie. Ein weiteres virtuelles Webinar mit dem Thema „Strategien zur Stärkung und Verteidigung der Plastischen Chirurgie gegenüber anderen“ wurde für das Frühjahr 2021 terminiert.
Role of High Frequency Oscillations of Somatosensory Evoked Potentials in Deciphering Pathophysiology of Migraine
Authors: Shankar Abhinandan K. , Javali Mahendra , Mehta Anish , Pradeep R. , Mahale Rohan , Acharya Purushottam , Srinivasa Rangasetty 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background Habituation deficit is considered as a neurophysiological abnormality among migraineurs in the interictal period. For clear comprehension and clarity about the mechanism underlying habituation in migraine, a sophisticated method, i.e., high frequency oscillations (HFOs) evoked potentials, have been utilized. However, studies pertaining to this in the Indian context are rare.

Objective The aim of the study is to determine the utility of HFO of somatosensory evoked potential (SSEP) in deciphering the pathophysiology of migraine.

Materials and Methods Sixty subjects including 30 migraineurs in the interictal period and 30 healthy controls were considered for the study. Median nerve SSEP was recorded in patients and controls by standard protocols. HFO was extracted offline using the Digital zero-phase shift band-pass filtering at 450 and 750 Hz. The early and late HFOs were determined with respect to the N20 peak and were compared between the groups.

Results Of total 30 migraineurs, 18 had hemicranial headache and 12 had holocranial headache. N20 latency, P25 latency, N20 onset to peak amplitude, and N20 onset to P25 amplitude were comparable in migraineurs and controls. The intraburst frequency of early HFOs in migraineurs was significantly higher (p = 0.04), whereas the peak-to-peak amplitude was significantly lower (p = 0.001).

Conclusion Early HFOs on SSEP represent the thalamocortical excitatory drive in migraineurs. Overall, the study reports that reduced amplitude of early HFOs in the interictal period suggest reduced thalamocortical drive in migraineurs.
Comparing Outcomes between Arthroscopic-Assisted Reduction and Fluoroscopic Reduction in AO Type C Distal Radius Fracture Treatment
Authors: Koo Siu Cheong Jeffrey Justin , Leung Kam Yiu Adrian , Chau Wai Wang , Ho Pak Cheong 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background Distal radius fracture is one of the most common injuries. Poor functional result with restricted wrist motion can be developed when there is intra-articular fibrous tissue development arising from articular step-off and gapping.
Objectives The aim of this study is to compare the functional and radiological outcome between arthroscopic-assisted reduction and fluoroscopic reduction in treating unstable intra-articular distal radius fracture.
Methods We retrospectively analyzed 12 patients with intraarticular AO type C distal radius fracture treated with arthroscopic-assisted fracture reduction and internal fixation and compared them with another group of 12 patients in which fracture reduction is assessed by fluoroscopy alone (15 males and 9 females, mean age 57.3, range 27–73). The two cohorts were analyzed for differences in radiological parameters including articular stepping and gapping, palmar tilt, radial inclination, ulnar variance as well as functional outcome in range of motion, grip strength, modified mayo wrist score, and Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) score at an average of 12.5 months (range 5–26) after surgery.
Results Arthroscopic-assisted fracture reduction group has statistically better restoration of articular stepping and gapping, volar tilt and ulnar variance. Range of motion, grip strength, modified mayo wrist score and Quick DASH score also had statistically significant improvement in arthroscopic group.
Conclusion Our study showed arthroscopic-assisted technique can precisely restore radiological parameters in highly comminuted distal radius fracture with good functional outcome. Also, associated intra-articular soft tissue injury can be detected and treated simultaneously.
Level of Evidence This is a level III, retrospective cohort study.