bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does Vitamin D Deficiency in Different Periods of Gestation Have the Same Effect on Preterm Birth? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Yi bin , Lian Rui-han , Qi Ping-an , Yuan Tao , Yan Pei-jing , Qiu Wen-wen , Wang Meng , Wei Ying , Qiu Jie , Hu Ya-guang , Yang Ke-hu 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Current studies suggest that vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy can produce a certain effect for preterm birth, but there is no research showing whether vitamin D deficiency has a consistent effect in different pregnancies; thus, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of 24 observational studies, grouping them according to the gestational age at the time of serum sampling, to investigate whether vitamin D deficiency in different periods of gestation has different effects on preterm birth and to provide an evidence-based basis for pregnant women to measure and supplement vitamin D. Methods: The databases PubMed-Medline, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, EBSCO, CBM, and CNKI were searched until July 2019. Two researchers independently assessed the eligibility and quality of studies, and STATA 12.0 software was used for meta-analysis. Result: Seven cohort studies, 13 case-control studies, and four cross-sectional studies were included from 2500 articles by inclusion and exclusion criteria. After adjusting for age, race, and other confounding factors, meta-analysis results showed that vitamin D deficiency in the first trimester, the second trimester and the third trimester did not increase the risk of preterm birth (odds ratio (OR) = 1.01, 95% confidence interval (CI) (0.88, 1.16), P = 0.867; OR = 1.12, 95%CI (0.92, 1.37), P = 0.249; OR = 1.05, 95%CI (0.87, 1.27), P = 0.602). However, there was moderate heterogeneity in the study of vitamin D deficiency in the second trimester, and subgroup analysis suggested that vitamin D deficiency in the second trimester may increase the risk of preterm birth (OR = 1.33, 95%CI (1.15, 1.54), P = 0.000). A sensitivity analysis of the second trimester showed that excluding any one study did not significantly change the results. Conclusions: Vitamin D deficiency in early and late pregnancy may not be associated with preterm birth, while vitamin D deficiency in middle pregnancy is likely to have an important effect on preterm birth. Vitamin D levels should be measured in the second trimester of pregnancy, and vitamin D supplements should be provided if necessary.
Tissue Doppler imaging and strain rate of the left atrial lateral wall: age related variations and comparison with parameters of diastolic function
Authors: Argento Laura Vanina , Travetto Carolina Mercedes , Colicigno Maria de las Mercedes , Marambio Gerardo , Gentile Silvia , Salvati Ana , Lax Jorge , Cianciulli Tomás 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Strain rate (SR) is one of the most used techniques to study left atrial (LA) although it requires post processing of the images, a learning curve and additional software, Tissue Doppler Imaging (TDI) is widely available and easy to use, TDI could detect changes in LA function associated with age similar to other parameters. The aim of this to evaluate lateral LA wall by DTI and SR, according to different age decades and compare them and with other parameters of diastolic function in a population of adults without cardiovascular disease. Materials and Methods: 91 healthy adults were prospectively evaluated. In apical 4-chambers view the LA lateral wall was divided into three portions. Peak velocities of basal and mid portions were measured with pulsed‐wave TDI color on line and SRI by speckle tracking. A first positive wave ( S'la and SRS) and two negative waves ( E'la and SRE, and A'la and SRA respectively) were obtained. E'la/A'la ratio and SRE/SRA ratio were analyzed. The distribution of the variables by age subgroups was described and analyzed. Correlation analyses were performed. Results: The median age was 42 years and 54.9% were female. E'la/A'la show a positive good correlation with age. E'la/A'la and SRE/SRA ratios changed from > 1 to < 1 in the age group of 41-50 years, while this occurred in the group of 51-60 years for the E/A ratio. Lateral and septal mitral annulus E´ show decrease with age and prolongation of E -wave deceleration time was observed in the age group over 61 years.Conclusion Normal values​​ according to age group of TDI of the LA lateral wall were obtained. Age-related changes in LA function could be detected as early with TDI as with SRI. Future studies are required to explore if TDI could be used as an alternative to SRI in other populations.
Knowledge and associated factors on exclusive breastfeeding among HIV positive mothers who have children age 0-24 months in Central Zone, Tigray, North Ethiopia, 2019
Authors: Embaye Hamelmal Mekonen , Gebru Teferi 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Although breastfeeding is widely practiced in many African countries, studies have shown that lack of knowledge, pressure, and cultural beliefs play a significant role in the success of exclusive breastfeeding for six months. Therefore, this study was aimed to assess knowledge and determinant factors affecting exclusives breastfeeding among mothers living with HIV/AIDS have children age 0-24 months in central zone Tigray. Methods: A Facility-based Cross-Sectional study was carried out on April 23 to May 10, 2017. A systemic random sampling method was used to select study participants. Information was collected using a structured, pre-tested questionnaire. The data were entered into Epi info 7 and imported to SPSS version 22. Summary statistics and logistic regression analysis were performed using SPSS version 22. Those variables having a P-value of less than 0.2 in the bivariable analysis were fitted in multivariable analysis.AOR with 95% CI and P-value<0.05 were used during multivariable analysis to identify the factors associated with the knowledge of exclusive breastfeeding. Result: In this study, the overall knowledge of exclusive breastfeeding was 88.4%. Monthly income (AOR: 5.57, 95% CI: (1.176-26.38)) and age at first birth (AOR: 0.339, 95% CI, (0.133-0.863) were significantly associated with knowledge of HIV positive mothers towards exclusive breastfeeding. Conclusion: HIV positive mothers attending health care facilities in the central zone, Tigray region knowledge of the mothers was good but still now needs the effort to achieve the goal of exclusives breastfeeding. HIV positive mothers with risk factor income and Age need strict follow up to increase knowledge on exclusives breastfeeding. Keywords: Knowledge, Exclusive breastfeeding, HIV positive Mothers.
Influence of age on the diagnostic accuracy of soluble biomarkers for tuberculous pleural effusion: a post hoc analysis
Authors: Jiang Chun-Guo , Wang Wen , Zhou Qiong , Wu Xiu-Zhi , Wang Xiao-Juan , Wang Zhen , Zhai Kan , Shi Huan-Zhong 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Accurately diagnosing pleural effusion is a frequent and significant problem in clinical practice. We sought to evaluate the influence of age on the diagnostic values of pleural adenosine deaminase (ADA), interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), and interleukin 27 (IL-27) for tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE). Methods: Two hundred seventy-four consecutive adult patients with pleural effusion were selected from Beijing (154 patients) and Wuhan (120 patients) during the same period and their pleural fluid concentrations of ADA, IFN-γ, and IL-27 were tested. Biomarker performance was analyzed by standard receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves according to different ages. Results: Data from the Beijing cohort showed that ADA, IFN-γ, and IL-27 could all accurately diagnose TPE in young patients (≤ 40 years of age). With a cutoff of 21.4 U/L, the area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of ADA for diagnosing TPE were 1.000 (95% confidence interval: 0.884–1.000), 100.0%, 100.0%, 100.0, and 100.0, respectively. In older patients (> 40 years of age), IL-27 and IFN-γ were excellent biomarkers for discriminating TPE versus non-TPE cases. With a cutoff of 591.4 ng/L, the AUC, sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of IL-27 for diagnosing TPE were 0.976 (95% confidence interval: 0.932–0.995), 96.3%, 99.0%, 96.3, and 99.0, respectively. Similar diagnostic accuracy among the three pleural biomarkers was validated in the Wuhan cohort. Conclusions: Among young patients, ADA is reliable for diagnosing TPE. Conversely, in older patients, IL-27 is an excellent biomarker to differentiate TPE versus non-TPE cases.
The importance of cardiorespiratory fitness and sleep duration in early CVD prevention. BMI, resting heart rate and questions about sleep patterns are suggested in risk assessment of young adults, 18-25 years.
Authors: Fernström Maria , Fernberg Ulrika , Hurtig-Wennlöf Anita 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Physical activity (PA) and sleep habits are lifestyle factors with potential to prevent cardiovascular disease (CVD). CVD is the leading cause of death worldwide, it is therefore important to establish a healthy lifestyle at young age. In the Lifestyle, biomarkers and atherosclerosis (LBA) study we have examined 834 healthy non-smoking adults, 18-25 years. The general aim of the LBA study was to evaluate the effect of lifestyle on biomarkers known to influence CVD risk in young adults. The specific aim of the present study was to evaluate sleep habits, study the effect of sleep habits on CVD risk, and compare the influence of sleep habits with other lifestyle factors, regarding CVD risk. Additional aim, in the preventive work against CVD, was to find easy and reliable biomarkers to detect young adults with increased risk to develop CVD.Methods: The participants have previously been examined for traditional CVD risk biomarkers and lifestyle factors. The participants filled in a validated computerized questionnaire about their general physical and mental health. The questionnaire included questions on sleep duration and experienced quality of sleep.Results: In total 27.1% of the young adult study participants (18-25 years) answered that they had difficulties to fall asleep or experiences anxious sleep with several awakenings per night. The experienced anxious sleep was not related to higher CVD risk score, but sleep quality and sleep duration was correlated. Shorter sleep duration was significantly associated to higher body mass index (BMI), body fat (%), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and CVD risk. The modifiable lifestyle factor with the highest odds ratio (OR) for CVD risk was cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF). Sleep duration was the second most influential lifestyle factor, more important than PA and food habits. Correlations between CRF and heart rate (HR) (P<0.01) and between HOMA-IR and BMI (P<0.01) was observed, indicating that BMI and resting HR in combination with questions about sleep patterns are easy and reliable biomarkers to detect young adults with increased risk to develop CVD. Conclusion: Decreased sleep duration in combination with decreased CRF, in young adults, is a serious health issue.
Association Between Wasting and Food Insecurity Among Children Under Five Years: Findings from Nepal Demographic Health Survey 2016
Authors: Nepali Sajama , Simkhada Padam , Davies Ian Glyyn 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Wasting is a consequences of food insecurity, poor access to appropriate, inadequate caring and feeding practices. The present study assessed association between wasting and household food insecurity among under five years children, along with other socio-demographics characteristics.Methods: This study is a secondary analysis of Nepal Demographic and Health Survey 2016. The participants were children under five years of age and total children analyzed were 2414. Logistic regression was carried out to identify the risk factors of wasting using odds ratio and 95 percent confidence interval. Results: The prevalence of wasting increased with the level of food insecurity from mild (9.4%) to moderate (10.8%) and to severe (11.3%). The highest proportions of wasted children were in Province 2 (14.3%), from rural areas (10.1%), born to mothers with no education (12.4%) and from a richer wealth quintile (11.3%). Children belonging to severe food insecure households had 1.36 (95% CI 0.72-2.57) adjusted odds of being wasted and 1.38 (95% CI 0.80-2.38) crude odds of being wasted. Children born to mothers without any education had 1.84 (95% CI 1.08-3.12) crude odds of being wasted than those born to mothers with higher education in the crude analysis; however, no association was seen in the adjusted analysis with adjusted odds of 1.35 (95% CI 0.71-2.59). For children living in Province 1, the crude odds was 2.18 (95% CI 1.06-4.51); however on adjusting for other variables, the odds decreased to 2.06 (95% CI 1.01-4.19). Those for Province 2, the crude odds was 2.74 (95% CI 1.46-5.14) and the adjusted odds was 2.45 (95% CI 1.22-4.95). Conclusion: Considering the increment in childhood wasting as per level of food insecurity, an integrated intervention should be developed that addresses improving knowledge and behavior of community people on diet and nutrition as well as reducing the problem of food insecurity through agricultural interventions.
Assessment on vaccine supply chain and logistics systems in the case of Ethiopian pharmaceuticals supply agency Jimma branch, Jimma south west Ethiopia
Authors: Weledesenbet Tekalign Admsau 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Immunization helps save lives, protects serious illness and is recognized as one of the most effective public health intercessions and available today. However, the success of the programs depends heavily up on the immunization supply chain management including storage, transportation and handling of vaccines in a proper manner. It was therefore important to assess the immunization supply chain and logistics practice. Method: Institution-based cross sectional study was conducted from September to October 2019 in Ethiopian pharmaceuticals supply agency (EPSA) Jimma branch. Purposive sampling methods were used because the hub has completed the Woreda level vaccine transition and have better experience on vaccine management. Moreover, all staffs who directly engage on vaccine management were a respondent in this study. For the analysis of the quantitative data descriptive statistics supported by SPSS software version 20 was applied, and for qualitative data document analysis was done.Result: the study result shows that, the branch has sufficient positive storage capacity, but the available negative storage volume only covers 65% of negative storage capacity needed. Respondents were agreed on bundling practice during distribution of vaccines, Disagree on Refrigerated vehicle pre cold before loading of vaccines, whereas strongly disagree on temperature of vaccine is always monitored during transportation and availability of adequate number of vehicle for transportation of vaccines for which respondents remained neutral. The investigator has observed as continuous temperature loggers that track and record cold room, refrigerator and freezer temperature were not available to any of the storage facilities and the there is no complete set of temperature records.Conclusion: The study strongly indicates the need to improve vaccine logistics supply chain management practices, especially in the area of vaccine storage and handling and temperature monitoring. EPSA and development partners working on vaccine logistic and supply chain management should have intensify their technical and material support to improve the vaccine management practices.
Doing exercise or sport together with one’s child is positively associated with mothers’ momentary affect in daily life, but not with higher levels of overall physical activity
Authors: Kanning Martina , Do Bridgette , Mason Tyler B. , Belcher Britni R. , Yang Chih-Hsiang , Dunton Genevieve F. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Physical inactivity is a widespread problem with a great need for innovative intervention concepts to overcome it. Epidemiological studies have identified working women in high-income Western countries to be at greater risk for physical inactivity. The current study included working mothers and examined within-subject associations between doing exercise/sport together with one’s child and five different affective states, and with light physical activity (LPA) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Method: During one week, mothers (N = 192) completed up to eight ecological momentary assessment (EMA) surveys a day to assess momentary affect and certain situational circumstances (e.g., doing exercise/sport, being together with child). Physical activity was assessed objectively with waist-worn accelerometers.Results Multilevel analysis showed that doing exercise/sport together with one’s child was associated with higher positive affect and lower negative affect compared to being active alone. However, greater frequency of doing exercise/sport together with children was negatively associated with MVPA.Conclusion Due to the positive effect on momentary affect, combining spending time together with one’s child and doing simultaneously exercise/sport might be a good strategy of pairing two relevant personal goals. However, this strategy was not associated with sufficient MVPA.
Can Search Query Forecast successfully in China’s novel coronavirus（2019-nCov）pneumonia?
Authors: Xiaoxuan Li , Qi Wu , Benfu Lv 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Recently the 2019-nCov pneumonia outbreak in China then the world. Search Query performs well in forecasting the epidemics. It is still a suspense whether search query can forecast the drift and the inflexion in 2019-nCov pneumonia. Based on the Baidu Search Index, we propose three prediction models: composite Index, composite Index with filtering (Fourier Transform) and suspected NCP(Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia) cases. With the trained models, we predict the new confirmed cases of 2019-nCov of forecast-period from Feb. 3rd to 9th. Attempting to identify the next peak period, we further estimate 10 day out-of-sample of the new confirmed cases from Feb. 10th to 19th.Results: We select 16 search queries related to NCP and calculate the correlation coefficient. The maximum correlation coefficient of search queries is above 0.8. The composite Index performs 10 days ahead of the new confirmed cases. With the In-sample prediction, the result demonstrates that the predictive model of composite index with filtering performs the best with MAPE 24.98% and RMSE 192.71. By contract, the predictive model of the suspected NCP cases is calculated with the prediction error of MAPE 8.82% and RMSE 368.51(almost twice the best model). With the Out-of-sample prediction, we monitor that there might be a peak value in Feb. 16th to 17th in the next ten days.Conclusion: With noise filtering, the predictive model can forecast the new confirmed NCP cases more accurately. However, the filtering eliminates the violent fluctuations of the series and cannot capture the rising and declining details of the predicted values. On contrast, the prediction accuracy based on search composite index is sensitive to prediction of peak and valley although its prediction error is larger. These two predictive models can be combined: monitoring the further volatility trend with filtering model while identifying the inflexion with composite model.
Correlates of depressive disorders and quality of life among older adults in six low and middle-income countries: WHO country-wide study on global ageing and adult health
Authors: Dwomoh Duah , Amuasi Susan Ama , Incoom Gabriel , Yawson Alfred Edwin , Asampong Emmanuel , Bosomprah Samuel 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background The diagnosis and treatment of Depressive Disorders (DD) remain a challenge in low and middle-income countries (LMICs). Identifying the most important correlate of DD would serve as a guide in the design and implementation of targeted intervention in resource-constrained LMICs. This study determined whether there is/are common risk factor(s) of DD across the six LMICs and whether there is a risk factor that can be ranked consistently as the most important predictor of DD in all the six LMICs. We further estimated the impact of DD on the quality of life (QoL).Methods We used data from the World Health Organization Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health. Weighted dominance analysis was performed to determine the most important risk factor of DD. We applied inverse probability weighting Poisson regression adjustment to estimate the impact of DD on QoL for each country and further estimated the overall effect of DD on QoL in the six countries by computing a weighted average of the country-specific estimate using the technique of meta-analysis.Results Among the 58 risk factors investigated, Asthma was the most common and the most important predictor of DD across all six LMICs. DD contributed to a 12% increase in the poor QoL in China, (prevalence difference (PD)=0.12; 95% CI: 0.07-0.18, p<0.001). In India (PD=0.08; 95% CI: 0.04-0.13, p<0.01) and Russian Federation (PD=0.08; 95% CI: 0.01-0.15, p<0.01). Although there was some increase in poor QoL in Mexico, Ghana, and South Africa due to DD, the increase was not statistically significant.Conclusions Asthma is a major contributing factor to the high prevalence of DD among older adults and could have a direct or indirect effect on QoL. We recommend integrated intervention for Asthma patients that incorporates the diagnosis and treatment of DD. Access to quality mental healthcare should be a major government priority in LMICs.
Social, Economic, and Legislative Factors and Global Road Traffic Fatalities
Authors: Haghighi Mohammad Reza Rahmanian , Sayari Mohammad , Ghahramani Sulmaz , Lankarani Kamran Bagheri 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Road traffic fatalities (RTF) is the 8th cause of mortality around the world. At the end of the Decade of Action, it would be of utmost importance to revisit our knowledge on the determinants of RTF.Methods: We used Road Safety Development Index (RSDI) which accounts for the interactions between system, human and products to assess the RTF in 115 and 113 countries in 2013 and 2016, respectively. To analyze data, three statistical procedures (linear regression, Classification and Regression Trees (CART), and Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines (MARS)) were employed.Results: CART has the best performance amongst all others followed by MARS for 2013 and 2016 data set with an R2 around 0.83. Results show that any increase in human development index (HDI) was associated with RTF reduction. Comparing RTF data of 2013 and 2016, 8 countries experienced a change of more than 30%. RTF change in these countries showed significant relationship with GINI index. Considering the three components of HDI, it is revealed that education explained most of RTF variation in CART model followed by income and life expectancy.Conclusion: Policy makers can make provisions to reduce RTF in the long run by focusing on enhancing the three components of HDI, mainly education. However, there is a need to investigate the correlation among these three components with RTF with different time-trend procedures.