bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Monkey and the mandate of heaven: rethinking the social construction of nature in ecotourism
Authors: Cui Qingming , Xu Honggang 
Published: June 2020

Purpose
Scientific knowledge is usually regarded as the basis for the management of natural environment and wildlife in ecotourism. However, recently, social construction approaches challenge the domination of natural science. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of the social construction paradigm in ecotourism management, through conducting a content analysis of social media comments on an accident caused by a monkey in a Chinese ecotourism area. The results show that people commented on the accident from five aspects. First, the public expressed their compassion and mourning for the deceased. Second, people thought that the death was casual and absurd, yet life is full of uncertainty and people should cherish the present. Third, people commented much on the deceased tourist’s company, which is a famous sugar brand well entrenched in many Chinese people’s childhood memories. Fourth, people constructed the monkey as Monkey King, Golden Monkey (another famous sugar brand in China) and as a criminal. Fifth, people also gave their opinions about possible causes of the accident, namely, it was caused by “the mandate of heaven,” company competition, conspiracies or poor management. This study only seriously considers the comments about the mandate of heaven. This explanation is consistent with the Chinese traditional construction of nature as “heaven,” which is believed to dominate the natural and human worlds. Most people, including the managers, accepted the accident and did not explore further about the reasons for the accident. In this case, such a social construction of nature does not aid effective ecotourism management.
“Involved in something (involucrado en algo)”: Denial and stigmatization in Mexico’s “war on drugs”
Authors: Moon Claire , Treviño‐Rangel Javier 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis article responds empirically to the question posed by Stan Cohen about “why, when faced by knowledge of others’ suffering and pain—particularly the suffering and pain resulting from what are called ‘human rights violations’—does ‘reaction’ so often take the form of denial, avoidance, passivity, indifference, rationalisation or collusion?”. Our context is Mexico's “war on drugs.” Since 2006 this “war” has claimed the lives of around 240,000 Mexican citizens and disappeared around 60,000 others. Perpetrators include organized criminal gangs and state security services. Violence is pervasive and widely reported. Most people are at risk. Our study is based on qualitative interviews and focus groups involving 68 “ordinary Mexicans” living in five different Mexican cities which have varying levels of violence. It investigates participant proximity to the victims and the psychological defense mechanisms they deploy to cope with proximity to the violence. We found that 62 of our participants knew, directly or indirectly, one or more people who had been affected. We also found one dominant rationalization (defense mechanism) for the violence: that the victims were “involved in something” (drugs or organized crime) and therefore “deserved their fate.” This echoes prevailing state discourses about the violence. We argue that the discourse of “involved” is a discourse of denial that plays three prominent roles in a highly violent society in which almost no‐one is immune: it masks state violence, stigmatizes the victims, and sanctions bystander passivity. As such, we show how official and individual denial converge, live, and reproduce, and play a powerful role in the perpetuation of violence.
The effects of tannin extract and linseed oil on yield, physicochemical characteristics and fatty acid profile of ewe milk
Authors: Valizadeh Yonjalli Roghayeh , Mirzaei Aghjehgheshlagh Farzad , Mahdavi Ali , Navidshad Bahman , Staji Hamid 
Published: June 2020

Dietary intervention is a well‐recognised approach to modifying milk yield and physicochemical characteristics. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of supplementing ewes’ diet with tannin and/or linseed oil on the physicochemical characteristics and fatty acid profile of milk, as well as the antioxidant status of dairy ewes. The study involved 36 3‐year‐old lactating Moghani sheep randomly assigned to six treatment groups. Results demonstrated that tannin extract and linseed oil changed the fatty acid content of milk. In particular, unsaturated fatty acids and conjugated linoleic acid were increased by the treatments (P < 0.05). Generally, groups receiving tannin extracts and/or oil showed higher concentrations of unsaturated fatty acids in their milk, especially polyunsaturated fatty acids including C18:3n3, C20:2, C20:3n3, C20:4n6, CLA cis‐9 trans‐11, CLA trans‐10 cis‐12, C22:2 and total unsaturated fatty acids.
Degrees of influence: Educational inequality in policy representation
Authors: SCHAKEL WOUTER , VAN DER PAS DAPHNE 
Published: June 2020

AbstractEducation plays an important role in the political, social and economic divisions that have recently characterised Western Europe. Despite the many analyses of education and its political consequences, however, previous research has not investigated whether government policy caters more to the preferences of the higher educated than to the preferences of the lower educated. We address this question using an original dataset of public opinion and government policy in the Netherlands. This data reveals that policy representation is starkly unequal. The association between support for policy change and actual change is much stronger for highly educated citizens than for low and middle educated citizens, and only the highly educated appear to have any independent influence on policy. This inequality extends to the economic and cultural dimensions of political competition. Our findings have major implications for the educational divide in Western Europe, as they reflect both a consequence and cause of this divide.
Comparison of albumin dialysis devices molecular adsorbent recirculating system and ADVanced Organ Support system in critically ill patients with liver failure—A retrospective analysis
Authors: Falkensteiner Christoph , Kortgen Andreas , Leonhardt Julia , Bauer Michael , Sponholz Christoph 
Published: June 2020

AbstractExtracorporeal albumin dialysis (ECAD) represents a supplemental therapy for patients with liver failure. Most experience was gained with the molecular adsorbent recirculating system (MARS). However, the ADVanced Organ Support (ADVOS) system was recently introduced. This study aims to compare effects of MARS and ADVOS on biochemical and clinical parameters in critically ill patients with liver failure using a retrospective analysis of ECAD at Jena University Hospital. Laboratory parameters, health scoring values, and need for transfusion were recorded before and after treatment. Generalized estimating equations were used to account for repeated measurements of multiple ECAD cycles per patient. Between 2012 and 2017, n = 75 MARS and n = 58 ADVOS cycles were evaluated. Although ADVOS runs significantly longer, both devices provided comparable reduction rates of bilirubin (MARS: −48 [−80.5 to −18.5] μmol/L vs ADVOS: −35 [−87.8 to −2.0] μmol/L, P = .194), a surrogate for detoxification capacity, while urea and lactate levels were more significantly lowered by the ADVOS system. In cycles with similar treatment times, both systems provided comparable reduction rates for bilirubin, renal replacement, coagulation, and metabolic parameters. Citrate was the preferred anticoagulant in case of bleeding. Neither bleeding tendency nor fibrinogen levels or platelets were altered by the type of anticoagulation. No adverse events were reported, but two sessions (one MARS and one ADVOS) were terminated early due to filter clotting. Experience is needed in the application of ADVOS and more prospective trials comparing the detoxification capacity of ECAD devices are needed to support and enlarge the findings of the current evaluation.
Upregulation of lncRNA ZFAS1 promotes lung adenocarcinoma progression by sponging miR‐1271‐5p and upregulating FRS2
Authors: Fan Gang , Jiao Jin , Shen Feng , Chu Fulu 
Published: June 2020

BackgroundNowadays, the important roles of long non‐coding RNAs (LncRNAs) in lung adenocarcinoma (LAD) is being increasingly recognized. The purpose of this study was to explore the regulatory mechanism of lncRNA ZFAS1 in LAD.MethodsThe expression and function of lncRNA ZFAS1 were assessed by RT‐qPCR, CCK‐8, transwell and dual luciferase reporter assays.ResultsUpregulation of lncRNA ZFAS1 was found in LAD tissues and cells. Knockdown of lncRNA ZFAS1 restrained cell proliferation, migration and invasion in LAD cells. In addition, we determined that lncRNA ZFAS1 could directly bind to miR‐1271‐5p. MiR‐1271‐5p functioned as a tumor suppressor in LAD, and lncRNA ZFAS1 promoted LAD development by downregulating miR‐1271‐5p. Furthermore, FRS2 was a direct target of miR‐1271‐5p. FRS2 promoted progression of LAD by mediating lncRNA ZFAS1/miR‐1271‐5p axis.ConclusionsLncRNA ZFAS1 promotes cell proliferation, migration and invasion in LAD by downregulating miR‐1271‐5p or upregulating FRS2.
Pre‐operative and intra‐operative chemical thromboprophylaxis increases bleeding risk following elective cholecystectomy: a multicentre (PROTECTinG) study
Authors: Liu David S. , Stevens Sean , Wong Enoch , Fong Jonathan , Mori Krinal , Ward Salena , Lee Sharon , Howard Tess , Jain Anshini , Gill Anna S. , Beh Pith S. , Slevin Maeve , Jamel Wael , Fleming Nicola , Bennet Simon , Chung Chi , Crowe Amy , Muralidharan Vijayaragavan ,   the VERITAS Collaborative
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundCholecystectomy is commonly performed in general surgery. Despite guidelines recommending chemical thromboprophylaxis in the perioperative period, the most appropriate time for its initiation is unknown. Here, we investigated whether timing of chemoprophylaxis affected venous thromboembolism (VTE) and bleeding rates post‐cholecystectomy.MethodsRetrospective review of all elective cholecystectomies performed between 1 January 2018 and 30 June 2019, across seven Victorian hospitals. Clinical VTE was defined as imaging‐proven symptomatic disease within 30 days of surgery. Major bleeding was defined as the need for blood transfusion, surgical intervention or >20 g/L fall in haemoglobin from baseline.ResultsA total of 1744 cases were reviewed. Chemoprophylaxis was given early (pre‐ or intra‐operatively), post‐operatively or not given in 847 (48.6%), 573 (32.9%) and 324 (18.6%) patients, respectively. This varied significantly between surgeons, fellows, trainees and institutions. Clinical VTE occurred in 5 (0.3%) patients and was not associated with chemoprophylaxis timing. Bleeding occurred in 42 (2.4%) patients. Of this, half were major events, requiring surgical control in 5 (11.9%) patients and blood transfusion in 9 (21.4%) patients. Bleeding also extended length of stay (mean (SD), 3.1 (4.0) versus 1.4 (2.2) days, P < 0.001). One bleeding‐related mortality was recorded. Importantly, when compared with post‐operative (risk ratio 1.46, 95% confidence interval 1.21–1.62) and no (RR 1.23, 95% CI 1.03–1.35) chemoprophylaxis, early usage significantly increased bleeding risk and independently predicted its occurrence.ConclusionsPerioperative chemoprophylaxis is variable among patients undergoing elective cholecystectomy. The rate of clinical VTE post‐cholecystectomy is low. Early chemoprophylaxis increases bleeding risk without an appreciable additional protection from VTE.
Patterns of social reporting from an Islamic framework and the moral legitimacy factors that influence them
Authors: Che Azmi Anna , Non Normawati , Aziz Norazlin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe objective of this study is twofold: to examine the patterns that govern social reporting with reference to an Islamic framework and to identify the moral legitimacy factors that influence them. We select 146 publicly listed Sharia‐compliant companies and classify the disclosures in their annual reports according to an Islamic framework that categorises items as either Required, Expected or Desired to indicate the degree of importance each item carries from an Islamic perspective. Based on this framework, we then analyse moral legitimacy factors, specifically the type of Sharia screening body and the proportion of Muslims in the population, that may influence the prioritisation of the different categories of social reporting. We find that disclosures that fall into the Required category of our framework—especially those that relate to companies’ involvement in “haram” activities (activities not permissible in Islam)—are still few among the companies studied. Our research also reveals that both moral legitimacy factors under investigation influence the three categories of social reporting, although in different ways. This research contributes to the existing literature by empirically examining how organisations prioritise their disclosure of virtues and the moral legitimacy factors that influence that prioritisation.
Complement activation in patients with immune thrombocytopenic purpura according to phases of disease course
Authors: Castelli R , Lambertenghi Delilliers G , Gidaro A , Cicardi M , Bergamaschini L 
Published: June 2020

Summary
Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is an autoimmune thrombocytopenia with shortened platelet survival and relative bone marrow failure. The pathogenesis involves antibody production, cytokine release, T cell impairment, complement activation and clearance of platelets. We measured plasma levels of C3, C4, C1q and sC5b-9 in 80 ITP patients in acute phase, 50 ITP patients in complete (CR) or partial (PR) remission and 50 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers. Statistical analyses showed that acute ITP patients had higher plasma levels of sC5b-9 and C1q than CR or PR patients (median = sC5b-9: 200 versus 98 mg/dl, P-value &lt; 0·001) (median C1q = 2·11 versus 1·00 mg/dl, P-value &lt; 0·001). CR and PR ITP patients had sC5b-9 and C1q plasma levels comparable to those observed in healthy volunteers. There was a significant correlation between sC5b-9 and C1q plasma levels (Spearman's rho correlation index on 130 ITP patients equal to 0·58, P-value &lt; 0·001). We also found that sC5b-9 plasma level is inversely correlated with the number of platelets. Furthermore, we divided acute ITP patients into subjects with detectable (24 of 80, 30%) or undetectable (56 of 80, 70%) anti-platelet antibodies; patients with detectable anti-platelet antibodies have significantly higher plasma levels of C1q and sC5b-9. This research will potentially offer novel therapeutic strategies in light of new drugs affecting complement activation for monitoring therapy response.
Feature selection inspired by human intelligence for improving classification accuracy of cancer types
Authors: Shukla Alok Kumar 
Published: June 2020

AbstractFeature selection is an essential task to predict clinical risk and biomarkers from the gene expression data. For practical matters, to choose the significant genes, researchers have been addressed several classical feature selection problems over the past decades for subsequent classification of genomics datasets with large ambient dimensionality but a small number of observations. To overcome high dimensionality and overfitting issues, in this paper, we developed a new gene selection technique by combination of minimum redundancy maximum relevance (mRMR) and teaching learning‐based optimization for accurate cancer prediction. Firstly, in the proposed approach, mRMR is applied to find the most discriminative genes from the original feature sets, and then a precise teaching learning‐based optimization with opposition‐based learning approach further refines the reduced feature set that can contribute to identifying the type of cancers. In addition, a new activation function is also investigated for effective gene selection, which is applied to convert continuous to binary search space. Support vector machine (SVM) is used as a fitness function in the proposed method to select relevant features that can help to estimate the predictive accuracy and classify cancer accurately. Attempts have made to increase the performance of SVM classifier by tuning penalty factor, kernel parameter, and tube size parameter with the help of proposed method. In order to testify computational efficiency of proposed algorithm, we have collected six gene expression datasets. Experimental results demonstrated that proposed method by utilizing SVM with Radial Basis Function kernel function is able to significantly reduce the irrelevant genes and outperform the conventional wrapper methods in terms of accuracy and model interpretation.
Grey wolf optimizer for optimal sizing of hybrid wind and solar renewable energy system
Authors: Geleta Diriba Kajela , Manshahia Mukhdeep Singh , Vasant Pandian , Banik Anirban 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBy taking facts such as oil depletion, increasing number of population and energy demand into account, alternative electric generation scheme called renewable energy has entered into a new phase. These new energy sources are environmentally clean, exhaustible and friendly with affordable cost, and high reliability. Nowadays, energy generators such as photovoltaic (PV), wind turbine (WT), and geothermal energies are among the commonly used renewable sources. In this article, grey wolf optimization (GWO) methodology is proposed for minimizing the total annual cost of hybrid of wind and solar renewable energy system. Here, determining the optimal number of solar panels, WTs, and batteries which can satisfy the desired load is the main objective of this research. The obtained result shows that the proposed methodology finds optimal solution of sizing of the hybrid system with relatively lower total annual cost and fast convergence rate. To check whether the obtained result was feasible, GWO results are compared with the results of PSO, iteration method and by the work of other scholars in literature. Here the superior capabilities of GWO algorithm have been seen. It is hoped that this research would be beneficial and can be benchmark for researchers of the field.
Dysphagia, dysarthria and aphasia following a first acute ischaemic stroke: incidence and associated factors
Authors: De Cock E. , Batens K. , Hemelsoet D. , Boon P. , Oostra K. , De Herdt V. 
Published: June 2020

Background and purposeDysphagia, dysarthria and aphasia are common symptoms following acute stroke; however, limited data are available from recent prospective clinical trials. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence and associated factors of dysphagia, dysarthria and aphasia following a first acute ischaemic stroke in patients admitted to a comprehensive stroke center.MethodsAll first ischaemic stroke patients admitted to the Stroke Unit of Ghent University Hospital within 48 h after symptom onset were enrolled in this prospective study between March 2018 and October 2019. Dysphagia and communication screenings were performed within 3 days after admission. When dysphagia, dysarthria and/or aphasia were assumed, standardized assessments were performed. Incidence rates were calculated as point estimates (%) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Associated factors were calculated via multivariate binary logistic regression analyses.ResultsDysphagia, dysarthria and aphasia were present in 23% (95% CI, 17–31), 44% (95% CI, 37–52) and 23% (95% CI, 17–30), respectively of 151 first ischaemic stroke patients [67 female, mean age 67 (SD 14) years]. Separate multivariate binary logistic regression analyses showed that dysphagia, dysarthria and aphasia were significantly associated with age‐adjusted stroke severity at baseline [odds ratio (OR), 1.16; 95% CI, 1.09–1.23; OR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.07–1.20 and OR, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.05–1.17 respectively]. Corrected for stroke severity, the risk for aphasia increased by 4% per year of age (OR, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.00–1.07). Adjusted for age and stroke severity, aphasia was significantly associated with large artery atherosclerosis as stroke etiology (OR, 3.91; 95% CI, 1.18–12.98).ConclusionsThis trial showed a high incidence of dysphagia, dysarthria and aphasia following acute ischaemic stroke. Stroke severity was an associated factor for all three symptoms.
Fatal post‐anaesthetic pulmonary haemorrhage in a horse suffering from chronic‐active exercise‐induced pulmonary haemorrhage
Authors: Boustead K. J. , Steyl J. , Joubert K. 
Published: June 2020

SummaryA 17‐year‐old Thoroughbred gelding was admitted for arthroscopic examination and lavage of the right tarso‐crural joint under general anaesthesia. Based on preanaesthetic examination, the patient was considered clinically healthy. No complications were experienced during induction and maintenance of anaesthesia. During the recovery period, the patient experienced acute pulmonary haemorrhage resulting in death. Post‐mortem examination revealed macroscopic and histopathological lesions indicative of exercise‐induced pulmonary haemorrhage (EIPH) with associated acute rupture of the pulmonary vessels (primarily venous). The cause of acute pulmonary blood vessel rupture in this case was speculated to be a result of increased transmural pressures in weakened blood vessels. Partial airway obstruction, catecholamine release, hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction, the use of the alpha‐2 adrenoreceptor agonists, fluid overload and blunt trauma may have led to the increase in pulmonary blood vessel transmural pressures. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first description of acute pulmonary haemorrhage in the peri‐anaesthetic period in a horse with underlying EIPH. In addition to describing the case, this case report also looks at anaesthetic management options in horses with known EIPH.
Developing L2 productive language skills online and the strategic use of instructional tools
Authors: Payne J. Scott 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSequencing language production activities based on the inherent cognitive load of each activity type can improve student performance and self‐efficacy on high cognitive load language tasks like conversational speech (either face‐to‐face or via video chat). This ordering according to cognitive difficulty can scaffold learners in their development of second language (L2) productive skills. This article provides a research‐based rationale for this approach and includes several practical suggestions for how to design a rigorous and engaging online language course.
Atlantic salmon smolts in the Irish Sea: First evidence of a northerly migration trajectory
Authors: Barry James , Kennedy Richard J. , Rosell Robert , Roche William K. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractResults from an acoustic telemetry study revealed for the first time a northerly migration route for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) smolts leaving the east coast of Ireland. Atlantic salmon smolts were tagged in spring 2019 in the Castletown and Boyne rivers. Three tagged smolts registered on disparate deep‐water offshore marine receivers as they travelled northwards out of the Irish Sea through the North Channel. One fish had migrated an estimated 250 km in a period of 32 days. The remaining two individuals were detected on receivers located off the Northern Ireland coast, further corroborating the northward migration of salmon smolts through the Irish Sea.