bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Breast cancer self-examination practice and associated factors among women reproductive age group in southeast Ethiopia
Authors: Mohammed Abduljewad Hussen , Ketaro Musa Kumbi , Wodera Abate Lette , Hajisso Shemsu Nuriye 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Breast cancer is the most prevalent and the second cause of cancer deaths among women worldwide especially in developing country. It is considered as a progressive disease with a poor prognosis if detected late. Therefore, its early detection using breast self-examination plays a significant role in reducing morbidity and mortality related to breast cancer. Objective: This study aims to evaluate breast self-examination practice and associated factors among women reproductive age group in southeast Ethiopia. Methods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted on 836 reproductive age group women. Interviewer administered questionnaire was used for quantitative part of the study and supplemented qualitatively using focus group discussions. Data was interred into Epi-info version 3.5.3, and analysed using SPSS version 20. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regressions were done to examine the effect of explanatory variables to the outcome variable. Variables with P. value <0.05 during multivariable logistic regressions were considered as significantly associated with the dependent variable. Result: Out of eight hundred thirty six total participants, 20.7% of them had ever heard about breast self-examination practice. Also only 13.2% of the mothers had practiced breast self-examination. Maternal age, mother’s level of education, and previous history of breast examination by health professionals were major predictors for breast self-examination practice. Conclusion: This study reported lower prevalence of breast self-examination practice. Therefore, enhancing maternal education and coverage of breast examination by health professionals are essential to raise the odds of breast self- examination practice among women reproductive age group.
Development of methods derived from iodine-induced specific cleavage for identification and quantitation of DNA phosphorothioate modifications
Authors: Zhu Sucheng , Zheng Tao , Kong Lingxin , Li Jinli , Cao Bo , Sun Yihua , Chen Ying , Deng Zixin , You Delin 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background DNA phosphorothioate (PT) modifications is a novel modification that occurs on the DNA backbone, which refers to a non-bridging phosphate oxygen replaced by sulfur. This exclusive DNA modification widely distributes in bacteria and archaea but has not been found in eukaryotes to date. PT modification renders DNA nuclease tolerance and servers as a constitute element of bacterial restriction-modification (R-M) defensive system and more biological functions are awaiting exploration. Identification and quantification of the bacterial PT modifications are thus critical to better understanding their biological functions.Results In this report, we describe three detailed methods based on PT-specific iodine-induced cleavage and high-throughput next-generation sequencing technologies: an iodine-induced cleavage assay (ICA), a deep sequencing of iodine-induced cleavage at PT site (ICDS) and an iodine-induced cleavage PT sequencing (PT-IC-Seq), for the investigation of PT modifications. Using these approaches, we have identified the presence of PT modifications and quantized the frequency of PT modifications in bacteria. These characterizations contributed to the high-resolution genomic mapping of PT modifications, in which the distribution of PT modification sites on the genome was marked accurately and the frequency of the specific modified sites was reliably obtained.Conclusion Here, we provide time-saving and less labor consuming methods for both of qualitative and quantitative analysis of genomic PT modifications. The application of these methodologies will provide new opportunities for better understanding the biology of the PT modifications and opens door for future further systematically study.
Determinants of Isoniazid Preventive Therapy Completion among People Living with HIV Attended Care and Treatment from 2013 to 2017 in Dar es Salaam Region,Tanzania. A cross-sectional analytical study
Authors: Robert Masanja 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) disease is a common opportunistic infection among people living with HIV (PLHIV). WHO recommends at least six months of isoniazid Preventive Therapy (IPT) to reduce the risk of active TB. It is important to monitor completion of IPT, as a suboptimal dose may not protect PLHIV from TB infection. This study determined IPT completion and its determinants among PLHIV aged 15 years or more in Dar es Salaam region, Tanzania. Methods: A Cross-sectional analytical study was conducted using secondary analysis of routine data from 58 care and treatment clinics in Dar es Salaam region. The study recruited clients who screened negative for TB symptoms and initiated IPT between January 2013 and June 2017. Modified Poisson regression model with robust standard errors were used to estimate prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for factors associated with IPT completion. Multilevel analysis was used to account the health facility random effects in order to estimate independent factors associated with IPT completion. Results : A total of 29,382 clients were initiated on IPT, with 21,808 (74%) female. Overall 17,092 (58%) completed IPT, increasing from 42% (773/1,857) in year 2013 to 76% (2,929/3,856) in 2017. Multilevel multivariable model accounting for health facility as clusters, found that clients with CD4 counts between 100 to 349 cells/ had 3% lower prevalence of IPT completion as compared to those with 100 cells/ (PR:0.97: 95%CI:0.94-1.01). Patients who were not on ART had 46% lower IPT completion compared to those were on ART (PR: 0.54: 95%CI: 0.45-0.64). There was lower IPT completion among clients who transferred to another clinic compared to those attended the same clinic where they were initiated IPT (PR: 0.63: 95% CI (0.54-0.74). Conclusion: IPT completion is low at care and treatment clinics although it increased over time. Lower IPT completion was seen in PLHIV with CD4 counts between 100 to 349 cells/ , those who transferred to other clinics and those not on ART. Thus it indicates the need for better IPT interventions with greater support PLHIV in those groups. Keywords: IPT completion, HIV, tuberculosis, predictors, Tanzania
Intake, rumen fermentation and apparent digestibility of Aerbasi cashmere goats fed corn stover, caragana and their mixture on the Mongolian plateau
Authors: Wang Wei , Zhou Tianrong , Jia Yushan , Na Suri , Cai Yimin , Ge Gentu 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background To effectively use local available feed resources to address the problem of animal feed shortage in winter, the intake, rumen fermentation and apparent digestibility of Aerbasi cashmere goats fed corn stover (CS), caragana (CA) and their mixture were studied on Mongolian plateau.Results Sixty healthy Aerbasi cashmere goats (BW 30 ± 2.35 kg) were used in this experiment and the diet were assigned randomly to one of 5 groups (12 sheep/group) in a completely randomized design. The basal diets contain same ratio of concentrate and premix, but different mixing ratio of dry CS and CA. The treatments were designed as CS, CA, CS 80% + CA 20% (MT1), CS 50% + CA 50% (MT2), and CS 20% + CA 80% (MT3). Statistical analyses of chemical composition, intake, apparent digestibility, particle size distribution and fermentation were performed by one-way ANOVA using the general linear model (GLM) procedure of SAS version 9.1. With an increased mixing ratio of CA, intake of DM, NDF, and half cellulose was decreased ( P <0.05). Meanwhile intake of CP, ADF, and acid detergent lignin (ADL) was increased ( P <0.05). The apparent digestibility of DM, organic matter (OM), and NDF in the CS treatment was higher ( P <0.05) than in the other treatments. Compared to the CS treatment, the proportion of particles ≤ 0.1 mm in size was significantly ( P <0.05) higher in the CA treatment, but this was not the case for particles > 5.0 mm. With an increased mixing ratio of CA, the proportions of 0.5–1.0 and 1.0–5.0 mm particles decreased ( P <0.05), but the proportion of > 5.0 mm particles did not. Meanwhile, the proportions of ≤ 0.1 and 0.1–0.5 mm particles increased ( P <0.05).Conclusion The results confirm that caragana and corn stover can be used as animal feed and their mix ration of 4 to 1 has a good mix ratio for goat feed, based on the DM intake, apparent digestibility and VFA contents, and proportion of particles > 1.0 mm in size..
Heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) modulates adiponectin signaling by stabilizing adiponectin receptor
Authors: Zhang Deling , Liu Hua , Zhang Yemin , Li Junfeng , Fu Yalin , Zheng Yuyang , Wu Jie , Ma Mingke , Wen Zhongyuan , Wang Changhua 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Adiponectin, an adipokine produced and secreted by adipocytes, is involved in regulating the development and progression of insulin resistance, diabetes, and diabetic complications. Heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) is a molecular chaperone, most commonly presenting in mitochondria and participating in the maintenance of protein homeostasis. Accumulating studies have demonstrated that the elevated circulating HSP60 and the decreased intracellular HSP60 are closely associated with diabetic complications such as diabetic cardiomyopathy. However, the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. In the present study, we reported that HSP60 interacted directly with adiponectin receptors. Its abundance was positively associated with adiponectin action. Furthermore, HSP60 depletion markedly mitigated the protective impacts of adiponectin on high glucose-induced oxidative stress and cell apoptosis in rat cardiac H9c2 cells. In addition, HSP60 knockdown significantly enhanced proteasome activity leading to the degradation of adiponectin receptor 1. Taken together, we showed for the first time that HSP60 interacted with adiponectin receptors and mediated adiponectin signaling through stabilizing adiponectin receptor. This in vitro study also provides an alternative explanation for mechanism by which adiponectin exerts its action.
Incidence and time trends of sarcoma (2000-2013): results from the French Network of Cancer registries (FRANCIM)
Authors: Amadeo Brice , Penel Nicolas , Coindre Jean-Michel , Ray-coquard Isabelle , Ligier Karine , Delafosse Patricia , Bouvier Anne-Marie , Plouvier Sandrine , Gallet Justine , Lacourt Aude , Coureau Gaëlle , Mathoulin-Pélissier Simone , Desandes Emmanuel 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background : The exhaustive collection of new sarcoma cases and their second histologic review offer a unique opportunity to study their incidence and time trends in France according to the major subtypes. Methods : Data were collected from population-based cancer registries covering 22% of the French population. Crude and world age-standardized incidence rates (ASR) were estimated according to anatomic, histological and genetic groups, age and sex over the 2010-2013 period. Results: Time trends in incidence were calculated by the annual percent change over the 2000-2013 period. During the most recent period (2010-2013), 3,942 patients with sarcoma were included. The ASR of soft-tissue and bone sarcomas, and gastro-intestinal stromal tumors (GIST) were 2.1, 1.0 and 0.6, respectively. For the four most frequent histological subtypes (unclassified, leiomyosarcoma, GIST and liposarcoma), the ASR ranged from 0.4 to 0.7. ASRs were 1.9 for complex genomic and 1.3 for recurrent translocation sarcomas. The time-trend analysis showed a significant increase of sarcoma incidence rate between 2000 and 2005, which stabilized thereafter. Incidence rates increased for four histological subtypes (GIST, chondrosarcoma, myxofibrosarcoma, solitary fibrous tumors) and decreased for three (leiomyosarcomas, Kaposi sarcoma and fibrosarcoma). Conclusion : To our knowledge, this study is the first to investigate sarcoma incidence based on a systematic pathological review of these cancers and on the updated sarcoma classifications. Due to the paucity of literature on sarcomas, future studies using data from population-based cancer registries should consider a standardized inclusion criterion presented in our study to better describe and compare data between countries.
Effects of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation on Hemiplegic Upper Limb of Stroke Survivors: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Zhang Wenyue , Pei Shuye , Huang Juan , Tang Yao , Hu Huaidong 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Whether NMES helps the recovery of upper limb function in patients with hemiparesis has not been confirmed. We conducted this meta-analysis to examine the effectiveness of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) for upper limb hemiparesis after stroke.Methods: Data sources such as Pubmed, Embase and Cochrane library databases were searched for all relevant studies that were carried out before December 1, 2018.We selected the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) which included chronic and acute stroke patients with upper extremity dysfunction. Then the intervention group which applied NMES was compared with a control group without NMES. Results: A total of 16 RCTs involving 691 patients were discerned from 248 searched articles. According to the forest plot ,NMES had a significant benefit on FMA-ue scale(SMD=0.44,95%CI 0.13 to 0.74,P=0.006).Also, NMES was positive for ARAT(SMD=0.31,95%CI 0.05 to 0.58,P=0.019)and MAL-AOU(SMD=0.59,95%CI 0.15 to1.04,P=0.009),but not for wrist MAS(SMD=-0.12,95%CI -0.43 to 0.19,P=0.434) or BI(SMD=0.51,95%CI -0.65 to 1.66,P=0.392).Conclusion: NMES application has beneficial impacts on upper extremity motor function in patients with stroke. This study suggests that NMES ought to be applied as a beneficial rehabilitation means in improving the upper function.
Thymoma-associated nephrotic syndrome: report of seven cases
Authors: He Wei , Peng Zhangzhe , Xu Hui , Xiao Yu 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Thymoma is often associated with a series of paraneoplastic syndromes. Among them, thymoma-related nephrotic syndrome is much rare.Methods: This retrospective study collected data from patients with thymoma and renal involvement in Xiangya Hospital, Central South University in a period of 5 years to investigate the clinical characteristics of thymoma-associated nephrotic syndrome.Results: Seven patients were studied (age: 51.1±21.4 years old; male/female ratio: 5/2). Among them, thymic pathology revealed 2 cases of type A and 1 case of type B3, myasthenia gravis (MG) was found in 1 out of 7 cases. Renal pathology showed 2 cases of FSGS and 1 case of IgA nephropathy. 2 out of 7 cases who received combined therapy of steroid and immunosuppressive drugs achieved complete remission. Despite 3 out of 7 cases received surgical excision of thymoma, 2 of them experienced treatment failure in nephrotic syndrome.Conclusions: nephrotic syndrome can be associated with thymoma. The FSGS is the most frequent thymoma-associated glomerular lesion in this study. IgA nephropathy may be another pathological type in thymoma-associated NS. Despite after surgical excision, long treatment periods with high dosage of steroid combined with immunosuppressants were needed to achieve complete remission.
Influence of interleukin-18 polymorphisms on kidney transplantation outcomes: a meta-analysis
Authors: Eiamsitrakoon Thanee , Tharabenjasin Phuntila , Pabalan Noel , Mongkolrob Rungrawee , Bualuang Aporn , Tasanarong Adis 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Objective: Kidney transplantation (KT) procedures are confronted with adverse outcomes that include allograft failure. Allograft survival are in large part attributed to genetics, which render the recipient susceptible or protected from allograft rejection. The genetics of KT outcomes point to single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) where studies have reported the role of cytokines in allograft survival, one of which is interleukin-18 (IL-18). Reported associations of IL-18 with KT outcomes have been inconsistent. This prompted a meta-analysis to obtain more precise estimates. Methods: From four included articles, we posed two hypotheses about IL-18 SNPs: (1) they are either high in patients (hp) /controls (hc) based on genotype distribution (GD) and (2) they either increase or decrease the risks of allograft rejection. To this end, we compared the IL-18 genotypes to estimate odds ratios [ORs] and 95% confidence intervals using standard genetic models (homozygous, recessive, dominant and codominant). Subgrouping was ethnicity-based. Heterogeneous (random-effects) associations were subjected to outlier treatment which split the outcomes as pre- (PRO) and post- (PSO) outlier. Stability and robustness of the outcomes were analyzed by Bonferroni-correction and sensitivity treatment, respectively.Results: Our results revealed two core outcomes based on significance (Pa < 0.05): (1) genotype frequency was hp than hc (OR 1.34, Pa = 0.0007) in the codominant model (PSO) based on stability and robustness and (2) protection from allograft rejection (OR 0.74, Pa = 0.04) in the dominant model (PRO) based on homogeneity. Subgroup analysis showed that Caucasian and Asian outcomes validated the GD and allograft outcomes, respectively. Conclusions: The IL-18 SNPs showed associations (hp) with KT up to 1.3-fold and protected KT recipients from allograft rejection (26%). Subgroup outcomes delineated the Asian and Caucasian effects. Enabled by outlier treatment, these findings were supported by non-heterogeneity. More studies should confirm or counter our findings.
The association between climate, geography and respiratory syncitial virus hospitalizations among children in Ontario, Canada: a population-based study
Authors: Radhakrishnan Dhenuka , Ouedraogo Alexandra , Shariff Salimah Z. , McNally Dayre , Benchimol Eric I. , Clemens Kristin K. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is a major cause of hospitalization in young children in Canada, despite routine immunoprophylaxis in those with medical risk factors. We aimed to determine if cold temperatures are associated with RSV hospitalization.Methods: We conducted a population-based nested case–control study of children in Ontario, Canada, using health administrative data. We compared children hospitalized for RSV between September 1, 2011 and August 31, 2012 to age and sex matched controls. We used multivariable logistic regression to identify associations between minimum daily temperature and RSV hospitalizations with adjustment for sociodemographic and environmental factors.Results: We identified 1670 children with RSV hospitalizations during the study period and 6680 matched controls. Warmer temperatures (OR=0.94, 95%CI: 0.93, 0.95) were associated with lower odds of RSV hospitalization. Southern ecozone (OR=1.6, 95%CI: 1.2, 2.1), increased ozone concentration (OR=1.03, 95%CI: 1.01, 1.06) and living in a lower income neighbourhood (OR=1.3, 95%CI: 1.1, 1.5) significantly increased the odds of RSV hospitalization, as did living in a household with a larger number of siblings in a sub-cohort of children (OR=1.34, 95%CI: 1.26, 1.41).Conclusions: In Ontario, the likelihood of having an RSV hospitalization is associated with colder temperature exposures and socioeconomic factors.
Evaluation of lateral flow immunochromatographic assay for diagnostic accuracy of cryptococcosis
Authors: Xie Li-Min , Lin Geng-ling , Dong Hao-Neng , Liao Ying-Xia , Liu Ye-Ling , Qin Jian-Feng , Guo Xu-Guang 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background : Cryptococcus is a conditional pathogenic fungus causing cryptococcosis, which is one of the most serious fungal diseases faced by humans. Lateral flow immunochromatographic assay (LFA) is successfully applied to the rapid detection of cryptococcal antigens. Methods : Studies were retrieved systematically from the Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library before July 2019. The quality of the studies was assessed by Review Manager 5.0 based on the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Study guidelines. The extracted data from the included studies were analyzed by Meta-DiSc 1.4. Stata 12.0 software was used to detect the publication bias. Results : A total of 15 articles with 31 fourfold tables were adopted by inclusion and exclusion criteria. The merged sensitivity and specificity in serum were 0.98 and 0.98, respectively, and those in the cerebrospinal fluid were 0.99 and 0.99, respectively. Conclusions : Compared to the urine and other samples, LFA in serum and cerebrospinal fluid is favorable evidence for the diagnosis of cryptococcosis with high specificity and sensitivity.
Rotavirus breakthrough infections responsible for gastroenteritis in vaccinated infants who presented with acute diarrhea at University Teaching Hospitals, Children's Hospital in 2016, in Lusaka Zambia
Authors: Simwaka Julia , Mulundu Gina , Mwenda Jason , Chilengi Roma , Mpabalwani Evans , Munsaka Sody , Kaonga Patrick , Seheri Mapaseka 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background Rotavirus has continued to affect under five children despite the introduction of the vaccine. This study aimed at characterizing the rotavirus genotypes responsible for diarrhoea infections in vaccinated infants aged 2 to 12 months and determined the relationship between rotavirus strains and the severity of diarrhoea in 2016. Materials and Methods We tested stool for group A rotavirus P6 antigen using an ELISA kit (ProSpecT TM , Oxford, UK). All positive specimens with enough sample were genotyped using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). A 20-point Vesikari clinical score was used to determine the severity of acute diarrhoea. Diarrhoea scores between 1-5 were considered as mild, 6-10 scores were considered as moderate and scores greater or equal to 11 considered as severe. Results 153/424 (36%, 95% CI 31.5% to 40.9%) were positive for VP6 rotavirus antigen. The age specific rotavirus infections decreased significantly (p = 0.041) from 2 - 4 months 32.0%,followed by a 38.8% infection rate in the 5-8 months category and subsequently dropped in the infants aged 9-12 months with a positivity rate of 27.2%. 12.3% received a single dose of rotarix vaccine, 77.8% received 2 doses, and 9.9% were not vaccinated. 38.5% of those who received a single dose, 34.5% of those who received a complete dose and 45.2% of the unvaccinated tested positive for rotavirus. Infants who tested positive differed significantly from those who tested negative in terms of fever (p = 0.010).The predominant rotavirus genotypes were, G2P[6] 36%, G1P[8] 32%, mixed infections 19%, G2P[4] 6%, G1P[6] 4% and G9P[6] 3%. Infants who were infected with G1P8 and G2P[6] had a median Vesikari score of 6, while those who were infected with G1P[6] and mixed infections had a median score of 7 and those with infections due to G2P[4] and G9P[6] had median scores of 4 and 8 respectively. Discussion and Conclusion The breakthrough infection of heterotypic strains (G2P[6] (36%), homotypic, G1P[8] (32%) and mixed infections (19%) raises concerns about the effects of the vaccination on the rotavirus diversity, considering the selective pressure that rotavirus vaccines could exert on viral populations.