bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of executive function skills: Examining the role of teachers and externalizing behaviour problems
Authors: Goble Priscilla , Nauman Cambrian , Fife Katelyn , Blalock Sarah M. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe current study examined the effect of children's positive relationships and interactions with their teachers and the development of executive function (EF) skills in first grade. A primary objective was to examine externalizing behaviour problems (EBPs) as a potential moderator of the link between teacher–child relationships and interactions and EF skills. Participants for the study included 1,364 first‐grade children (48.3% female, M age = 7.02 years, 80.4% White) drawn from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development. There was limited evidence suggesting the EBP moderates the relation between teacher–child relationship quality and EF skill development in first grade. Specifically, simple slope trends indicated that teacher–child closeness was positively related to gains in sustained attention for typically developing children but negatively related to sustained attention for children exhibiting borderline to clinical levels of EBPs. Implications of the findings are discussed.Highlights

We examined externalizing behaviour problems as a potential moderator between teacher–child relationships, teacher–child interactions, and EF skills.
Counterintuitively, teacher‐reported closeness is negatively related to EF gains for children with externalizing behaviour problems.
Teachers may have a positive relationship with an externalizing child but need more support and resources to establish expectations for the child's EF skills.
DESIGN AND TYPE SELECTION OF CONCRETE‐LINED SMALL CANALS IN CUT AND EXPANSIVE SOIL IN COLD REGIONS
Authors: Cheng Sen‐Hao , Wang Liang , Wang Yu‐Bao , Wang Zheng‐Zhong , Engel Bernard A. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn cold regions, deformation because of frost heave in the soil seriously damages the concrete lining of canals, which results in seepage loss and high maintenance costs. Cross‐sectional canal shapes with low‐stress concrete lining are an important aspect of small canal design. Round‐bottom triangular, parabolic and catenary sections are curved and therefore regarded as likely to perform well in conditions in which frost heave occurs. This study provides an objective answer to the question of which section would perform well in frost heave conditions with as large as possible water conveyance efficiency. The design process of small canals was simplified first, and the result shows savings in the land area required for canals. Then, based on two principles, the hydraulic radius and performance of three sections in resisting frost heave damage were compared. In regions without frost heave, the round‐bottom triangular section is better because it has the largest hydraulic radius and design flexibility. In cold regions, if width to depth ratio or depth is a principal constraint, a parabolic (wide section) or catenary (narrow section) is better for big side slopes and curved structures. If side slope (horizontal to vertical) is the principal constraint, the round‐bottom triangular is better. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Integrated approach in designing biphasic nanocomposite collagen/nBCP scaffolds with controlled porosity and permeability for bone tissue engineering
Authors: Ebrahimi Mehdi , Botelho Michael , Lu William , Monmaturapoj Naruporn 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe bone scaffold for tissue engineering should be biomimetic, particularly in simulating the porosity features of natural bony tissue including pore size, pore shape, pore distribution pattern, and porosity percentage. Control of these can impact the scaffold hydrophilicity and permeability, which in turn influence the protein adsorption, cellular functions, and vascularization process. Various methods have been investigated for control of porosity parameters; however, the field still suffers from major challenges, that is, inadequate control of porosity and hydrophilicity at different levels. In this study, we developed an integrated approach for generation and control of porosity within nanocomposite collagen/nanobiphasic calcium phosphate (collagen/nBCP) scaffold. A modified freeze‐drying procedure was applied alongside a chemical foaming method exploring the ability of “Tween 20” as a potent biocompatible porogen. Several processing variables were also examined including; quenching rate (−18 and −80°C), collagen/nBCP ratio (92/8% and 85/15%), and Tween ratio (10%, 20%, and 30%). Detailed physicochemical and porosimetry analysis confirmed the ability of Tween to actively modify the scaffold permeability and pore size by increasing the range of pore size while quenching rate mostly influenced the pore shape, and collagen/nBCP ratio affected total porosity and roughness. The collagen/nBCP ratio of 92/8% treated with low Tween ratios (10% and 20%) and exposed to −80°C quenching rate displayed more favorable physicochemical behavior, significantly higher permeability, a gradient porosity, and better in vitro performances. The proposed technique in this study provides an insight into the production of customized scaffolds for various tissue engineering applications.
Molecular, biochemical, and clinical analyses of five patients with carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 1 deficiency
Authors: Fan Lijuan , Zhao Jing , Jiang Li , Xie Lingling , Ma Jiannan , Li Xiujuan , Cheng Min 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundCarbamoyl phosphate synthetase 1 deficiency (CPS1D) is a rare urea cycle disorder. The aim of this study was to present the clinical findings, management, biochemical data, molecular genetic analysis, and short‐term prognosis of five children with CPS1D.MethodsThe information of five CPS1D patients was retrospectively studied. We used targeted next‐generation sequencing to identify carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 1 (CPS1) variants in patients suspected to have CPS1D. Candidate mutations were validated by Sanger sequencing. In silico and structure analyses were processed for the pathogenicity predictions of the identified mutations.ResultsThe patients had typically clinical manifestations and biochemical data of CPS1D. Genetic analysis revealed nine mutations in the CPS1 gene, including recurrence of c.1145C > T, five of which were firstly reported. Seven mutations were missense changes, while the remaining two were predicted to create premature stop codons. In silico and structure analyses showed that these genetic lesions were predicted to affect the function or stability of the enzyme.ConclusionWe reported five cases of CPS1D. Five novel mutations of CPS1 gene were found. Mutations of CPS1 have private nature, and most of them are missense compound heterozygous. The mutation affecting residue predicted to interfere the catalytic sites, the internal tunnel, or the regulatory domain results in severe phenotype.
Novel pyrethrin derivatives containing an 1,3,4‐oxadiazole thioether moiety: Design, synthesis, and insecticidal activity
Authors: Yang Zaibo , Li Pei , He Yinju , Luo Jun , Zhou Jing , Wu Yinghong , Chen Liantao 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn this study, a series of novel pyrethrin derivatives containing an 1,3,4‐oxadiazole thioether moiety were designed and synthesized. Bioassay results revealed that some of the target compounds possessed excellent insecticidal activities against Plutella xylostella (P. xylostella), Vegetable aphids (V. aphids), and Empoasca vitis (E. vitis), respectively. In particular, compound 4l revealed the best insecticidal activities against P. xylostella and V. aphids, with the 50% lethal concentration (LC50) values of 1.78 and 1.61 mg/L, respectively, meanwhile, compound 4k revealed the best insecticidal activity against E. vitis, with the LC50 value of 1.06 mg/L, which were superior to those of the commercial insecticidal agents of chlorpyrifos, beta cypermethrin, spinosad, and azadirachtin. These results indicated that novel pyrethrin derivatives containing an 1,3,4‐oxadiazole thioether moiety could effectively inhibit P. xylostella, V. aphids, and E. vitis.
Purification, characterization, and biological cytotoxic activity of the extracellular cholesterol oxidase produced by Castellaniella sp. COX
Authors: Devi Sunita , Sharma Bhupender , Kumar Rakesh , Singh Kanwar Shamsher 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA new bacterial strain producing extracellular cholesterol oxidase (ChOx) was isolated and identified as Castellaniella sp. COX. The ChOx was purified by salting‐out and ion‐exchange chromatography up to 10.4‐fold, with a specific activity of 15 U/mg with a molecular mass of 59 kDa. The purified ChOx exhibited pH 8.0 and temperature 40°C for its optimum activity. The enzyme showed stability over a wide pH range and was most stable at pH value 7.0, and at pH 8.0, it retained almost 86% of its initial activity after 3 h of incubation at 37°C. The enzyme possessed a half‐life of 8 h at 37°C, 7 h at 40°C, and 3 h at 50°C. A Lineweaver–Burk plot was calibrated to determine its Km (0.16 mM) and Vmax (18.7 μmol·mg−1·min−1). The ChOx activity was enhanced with Ca2+, Mg2+, and Mn2+ while it was inhibited by Hg2+, Ba2+, Fe2+, Cu2+, and Zn2+ ions. Organic solvents like acetone, n‐butanol, toluene, dimethyl sulfoxide, chloroform, benzene, and methanol were well tolerated by the enzyme while iso‐propanol and ethanol were found to enhance the activity of purified ChOx. ChOx induced cytotoxicity with an IC50 value of 1.78 and 1.88 U/ml against human RD and U87MG established cell lines, respectively, while broadly sparing the normal human cells.
Social Media Use and Creativity: Exploring the Influences on Ideational Behavior and Creative Activity
Authors: Acar Selcuk , Neumayer Michelle , Burnett Cynthia 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis study explored the relationship between social media (SM) use and creativity. The data collected from 407 participants included indicators such as time spent using SM, frequency of SM use, purposes for using SM, and the nature of SM use. The data involved two aspects of creativity: ideational behavior and creative activity and accomplishment. Correlational analyses indicate that SM use is positively related to both creativity measures. Overall, the active use of SM (e.g., sending a post) is more related to creativity than the passive use (e.g., reading others’ posts); and the link between creativity and SM use is more evident for certain platforms (i.e., Twitter) than others (e.g., Instagram). Ideational behavior and creative activity were also found to be higher among those who use SM primarily for expressing their ideas and opinions, gleaning information on topics to discuss and self‐education and learning compared with those who use it primarily for entertainment or relaxation. None of the creativity measures used was related to extraversion and excessive use of SM. Our findings indicate that SM is not necessarily a negative factor for creativity; it may even be a useful platform to support new ideas and projects.
Soil organic carbon and nutrients in smallholding land uses in southern Ethiopia
Authors: Lulu Mekdes , Lemma Bekele , Melese Asmare 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis study assessed the soil organic C (SOC) and soil nutrients in smallholding home garden, woodlot, grazing land, and cropland at two soil depths and two sites in Wolaita Zone, southern Ethiopia. The results showed that soil properties were significantly influenced by land use. The home garden had significantly higher (p< 0.05) SOC and soil nutrients when compared to the cropland. When the home garden was compared to the woodlot and grazing land uses, it had significantly higher (p< 0.05) values except in SOC, total N (TN), cation exchange capacity (CEC), and exchangeable Ca. Cropland, in comparison with grazing land and woodlot, had a non‐significant difference except TN. The SOC stock (0–40 cm) in the home garden, woodlot, grazing land and cropland was 79.5, 68.0, 65.0, and 58.1 Mg ha−1, respectively. Home garden significantly differed (p≤ 0.05) in SOC only from cropland, and this was attributed not only to the relatively higher organic input in the home garden but also to the little organic matter input and frequently tillage of the cropland. The similar SOC among the home garden, woodlot and grazing lands may imply that the balance between inputs and outputs could be nearly similar for the land uses. Soil TN and CEC had a nearly similar pattern of difference as in SOC among the land uses because of their close relationship with SOC. In general, the land use influence on soil nutrients can be in the order: home garden > wood land ≈ grazing land ≈ cropland, with home garden showing the least difference from the woodlot and the greatest from the cropland. In the agroecosystem, in general, the influence of smallholding home garden on SOC and soil nutrient was marginally different fromEucalyptuswoodlot and grazing lands but evidently different from cropland.
Increased expression of hematological and neurological expressed 1 (HN1) is associated with a poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma and its knockdown inhibits cell growth and migration partly by down‐regulation of c‐Met
Authors: Chen Jia‐Jie , Sun Xu , Mao Qi‐Qi , Jiang Xiao‐Yun , Zhao Xian‐Guang , Xu Wei‐Jia , Zhong Liang 
Published: November 2019

AbstractHematologic and neurological expression 1 (HN1) has been reported to involved in certain cancers, but its role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is largely unknown. The contribution of HN1 to HCC progression was investigated in the present study. We found that HN1 was significantly up‐regulated in HCC tissues, compared with normal tissues, by analyzing the Oncomine and Human Protein Atlas database; and found that high expression of HN1 was markedly associated with worse overall survival, relapse‐free survival, progression‐ free survival and disease‐specific survival in HCC patients via exploring the Kaplan‐Meier plotter database. Functional assays revealed that HN1 knockdown by siRNA induced G1 cell cycle arrest, and inhibited the growth and migration of HCC cells; accordingly, HN1 over‐expression promoted HCC cells proliferation and migration. Further studies indicated that HN1 knockdown reduced the expression of cyclin D1 and CDK4, while upregulated the cell cycle inhibitor p21WAF1/Cip1. Moreover, HN1 knockdown decreased c‐Met (receptor tyrosine kinase of hepatocyte growth factor) expression, and suppressed ERK activation, which is a common downstream signaling pathway triggered by c‐Met; consistently, HN1 over‐expression reversed these effects. Meanwhile, down‐regulation of c‐Met partly eliminated the effect of HN1 over‐expression in HCC cells. Thus, the present findings suggested that HN1 promotes the progression of HCC to some extent by up‐regulating the expression of c‐Met, and may act as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for the treatment of HCC.
Meta‐analysis does not support routine traditional nuclear medicine studies for malignant otitis
Authors: Moss Wiliam James , Finegersh Andrey , Narayanan Ajay , Chan Jason Ying Kuen 
Published: November 2019

ObjectivesThe role of traditional nuclear medicine studies in the management of malignant otitis externa (MOE) is unclear and there are ongoing debates regarding their diagnostic value. The authors perform a systematic review and meta‐analysis to assess the sensitivity and specificity of traditional nuclear medicine studies in the diagnosis of MOE.MethodsIn accordance with PRISMA guidelines, a query of the Medline, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases was undertaken. The primary outcomes of interest were the sensitivity and specificity of traditional nuclear medicine studies to detect MOE.ResultsOf the initial 1317 hits from the four databases, 20 articles with a combined 608 patients were ultimately included in the review. The pooled sensitivities for Technetium‐99 and Gallium‐67 were 85.1% (95% CI, 72.0–98.1%) and 71.2% (95% CI, 55.1–87.3%) respectively. The available evidence suggested poor specificity of these modalities, but was insufficient for meta‐analysis. Neither modality was shown to be effective in the assessment of disease resolution.ConclusionThe sensitivities of Technetium‐99 and Gallium‐67 to detect MOE are less favorable than was initially thought. Given this finding and their poor specificity, lack of anatomic resolution, unproven ability to detect disease resolution and variable availability, this review does not support the routine use of these studies in the management of MOE.Level of EvidenceN/ALaryngoscope, 130:1812–1816, 2020
Physical activity and screen time in children who survived cancer: A report from the Swiss Childhood Cancer Survivor Study
Authors: Schindera Christina , Weiss Annette , Hagenbuch Niels , Otth Maria , Diesch Tamara , von der Weid Nicolas , Kuehni Claudia E. ,   for the Swiss Pediatric Oncology Group (SPOG)
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundPhysical activity (PA) can reduce the risk of chronic adverse health conditions in childhood cancer survivors. We examined PA and sedentary screen time behavior in a nationwide study in Switzerland.ProceduresThe Swiss Childhood Cancer Survivor Study sent questionnaires to parents of all Swiss resident ≥5‐year survivors diagnosed between 1995 and 2010. We assessed PA including compulsory school sport, recreational sport, commuting to school, and time spent with screen media in those aged 5‐15 years, and compared results with international recommendations.ResultsWe included 766 survivors with a median age at diagnosis of 2.8 (interquartile range 1.4‐5.0) years and a median age at study of 12.5 (10.0‐14.3) years. Median PA time was 7.3 (4.8‐10.0) h/week and median screen time was 82 (45–120) min/day. Compulsory school sport hours and walking or cycling to school contributed significantly to total PA. Note that 55% of survivors met PA and 68% screen time recommendations. PA was lower for children living in regions of Switzerland speaking French or Italian compared to German, and for those who had a relapse or musculoskeletal/neurological conditions. Screen time was higher in males, children with lower parental education, and a migration background.ConclusionsPA and sedentary screen watching were associated with social factors, and PA also with clinical risk factors. Structural preventions that afford active commuting to school and sufficient school sport are essential, as is counseling vulnerable survivor groups such as those with musculoskeletal and neurological problems, and those who have had a relapse.
Association between use of oral hypoglycemic agents in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and risk of depression: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Akimoto Hayato , Tezuka Kotoe , Nishida Yayoi , Nakayama Tomohiro , Takahashi Yasuo , Asai Satoshi 
Published: November 2019

AbstractType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a risk factor for depression. Since brain insulin resistance plays a potential role in depression, the future risk of depression in patients with T2DM may be altered depending on the class of oral hypoglycemic agent (OHA) used for T2DM therapy. The aim of the present study was to determine if specific classes of OHAs are associated with a risk for comorbid depression in T2DM. Japanese adult patients with T2DM (n = 40 214) were divided into a case group (with depression; n = 1979) and control group (without depression; n = 38 235). After adjustment for age [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) for 10 years: 1.03; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.99‐1.07; P = .1211], sex [AOR for female: 1.39; 95% CI: 1.26‐1.53; P < .0001], hemoglobin A1c [AOR for 1.0%: 1.18; 95% CI: 1.11‐1.26; P < .0001], duration of T2DM [AOR for 1 year: 1.00; 95% CI: 0.99‐1.01; P = .4089], and history of seven medical conditions, the odds ratios for the development of depression was significantly lower for dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 (DPP‐4) inhibitors [AOR: 0.31; 95% CI: 0.24‐0.42; P < .0001]. However, there was no significant association for the other classes of OHAs. Therefore, this study finds that there is less risk of depression associated with the use of DPP‐4 inhibitors for the treatment of T2DM.
High‐dose strategies for managing phosphine‐resistant populations of Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae)
Authors: Afful Edwin , Tadesse Tesfaye M , Nayak Manoj K , Phillips Thomas W 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDRhyzopertha dominica is a serious pest of stored grains and many populations have resistance to the fumigant phosphine. Some populations contain beetles with a ‘strong resistance’ phenotype. Recent work found the LC50 values for two strong‐resistant populations recently studied in North America, Belle Glade and Minneapolis were 100‐ and 595‐fold higher, respectively, compared to LC50 of a lab‐susceptible strain. Populations with ‘weak‐resistant’ phenotypes had LC50 values 5‐ to 10‐fold that of a susceptible strain. The work reported below aimed to determine the minimum phosphine concentrations and number of days of exposure needed to effectively control all life stages of representative weak‐ and strong‐resistant strains, and then to recommend the treatment conditions needed to control strongly phosphine‐resistant R. dominica in pest populations.RESULTSA dose‐mortality assay estimated that phosphine fumigation over 48 h using 730–870 ppm at 25° C would control adults of both strongly resistant R. dominica populations. Fumigations with mixed life stage cultures found 200 ppm killed all susceptible and weak‐resistant beetles in 2 days, but the strong‐resistant Minneapolis and Belle Glade strains had substantial survivors at 200 ppm. Furthermore, the Belle Glade strain had beetles that survived 1000 ppm in 2‐day fumigations. The strong‐resistant Belle Glade strain needed nearly 10 days at over 400 ppm to have acceptable levels of control.CONCLUSIONThis study recommends protocols to manage strongly resistant R. dominica populations provided that a minimum phosphine concentration of 400 ppm be maintained at 25° C or higher for up to 10 days. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Global tracking of nonlinear systems with simultaneous unknown time‐varying state and input delays
Authors: Jain Ashish Kumar , Bhasin S. 
Published: November 2019

SummaryThis paper presents the design of a robust control law for a class of nonlinear dynamical systems subjected to parametric uncertainty and simultaneous unknown, variable state and input delays. A novel controller is developed, which consists of a filtered tracking error and the integral of previous values of control input where the limits of integration are dependent on the known bound of the input delay. Lyapunov‐Krasovskii functionals–based stability analysis guarantees a global uniformly ultimately bounded tracking result where sufficient conditions on controller gains and maximum allowable delay are derived. The performance and robustness of the controller are evaluated by simulation on a two‐link robot manipulator for different combinations of time‐varying state and input delays.