bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship between Anxiety in Second Language Learning and Motivation Orientation: The Case of Young Filipino Learners
Authors: Salayo Juland , Amarles Arceli M. 
Published: June 2020

This present study attempted to investigate the status of language anxiety and motivation orientation of the young Filipino learners of English and how these constructs are related to one another. To address these research goals, a quantitative approach was employed using Liu and Cheng’s (2014) Factor Loadings for three-Component Solution for the Anxiety and Jin, Jiang, Juan, Zhang, Liang and Xie’s (2013) motivation in language. Participated by 39 Grade 3 pupils from a premier basic education school in the province of Cavite, these instruments were simplified and translated to their first language (L1) to suit the understanding of the young learners of English. Results showed that the respondents are highly motivated in learning the second language, but the ‘general anxiety in English class’ is evident on one hand. These two significant factors showed strong correlation between anxiety and ‘negative evaluation’ and motivation. On the other hand, there is a significant negative correlation of both ‘anxiety in self-confidence in speaking English’ and ‘general anxiety about English class’ to language motivation. Among the components of motivation, only ‘learning situations’ is considered to be a predictor of students’ assessed anxiety. Findings suggest that motivation needs to be sustained in order to build positive second language learning; otherwise, anxiety may threaten the dynamics of learning processes which impedes their learning in English as a second language.
Diagnosa Kesulitan Belajar Matematika Siswa Kelas V MI NW Pancor Kopong NTB
Authors: Yazid Muh. , Safitri Lale Aprihatin Diana , Jauhari Saprudin 
Published: June 2020

This study wants to reveal the factors of low student achievement, especially in mathematics. The factors of learning difficulties experienced by students of class V MI NW Pancor Kopong. Learning difficulties experienced by students result in underachievement in these subjects. The study was conducted to determine the factors of learning difficulties experienced by fifth grade students of MI NW Pancor Kopong. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. The subject of the research was the fifth grade students who had difficulty learning, namely students who had KKM scores that did not meet the UAS. The data collected in the form of documentation data, and interviews. Data collection was carried out using questionnaires, documentation, and interviews. Data analysis to illustrate psychological factors of learning difficulties by calculating the percentage of questionnaire results in fifth grade students of MI NW Pancor Kopong. and Data analysis to determine the psychological factors of learning difficulties by recording the results of the interview.
LITTLE ADULTS: 18TH CENTURY PORTRAITS OF CHILDREN
Authors: Майборода О.А. 
Published: June 2020

В статье анализируются образы дворянских детей XVIII века по детским и семейным портретам. Художники изображали детей на полотнах в соответствии с нравственными и социально-общественными понятиями, которые были наиболее предпочтительны в социуме. Демонстрируется связь между культурными изменениями в обществе и изменениями в детском портрете как социальном конструкте, который транслирует представления о ребенке и его натуре. До настоящего времени в научной литературе нет специальных работ по обозначенной теме. При рассмотрении полотен художников XVIII века автор приходит к выводу о постепенном изменении отношения к детям в обществе — от восприятия ребенка как уменьшенной копии взрослого человека до наделения его индивидуальными чертами. На детских портретах первой четверти и середины XVIII века присутствуют те же позы, что и на одиночных портретах взрослых. Одежда, поза, обстановка на картине показывают отношение общества к ребенку, отсутствие ценности детства в то время. С распространением в Европе и затем в России идей Просвещения отношение к детству изменилось. Художники второй половины XVIII века начинают изображать ребенка не только в парадной, но и в обыденной, повседневной обсановке. В детском образе подчеркивается ангелоподобность, дети чисты и неискушенны. По мнению автора, детские портреты, созданные в определенный исторический период,
являются важным визуальным источником для изучения социальной истории.
The article analyzes 18th century children’s portraits and family portraits to investigate aristocratic children images. 18th century artists portrayed children in accordance with moral and social principles accepted by the society of that period. The article highlights the connection between cultural transformations undergone by society and changing methods of depicting children in accordance with people’s attitudes to children and children’s nature. The issue is still largely underinvestigated. Having analyzed children’s portraits made by artists of the 18th century, the author concludes that in the 18th century, social attitudes to children underwent gradual changes. In the first half of the 18th century, children were treated as little adults. Children’s portraits of that period depict children wearing adult-like clothes, standing in adult-like poses. The background, the clothing and the postures manifest a rather perfunctory attitude to childhood. The ideas of Enlightenment which came to Russia from Europe contributed to the transformation of attitudes to childhood. In the second half of the 18th century, artists do not only paint children in ceremonial robes, they also depict children in their everyday environment. Children in paintings are angelic, pure and innocent. The author of the article maintains that, being
an important visual asset, children’s portraits enable a researcher to investigate social history.
RUSSIAN MASS PRIVATIZATION IN 1992–1994

(at the example of St. Petersburg)
Authors: Валов Т.В. 
Published: June 2020

В статье представлен анализ чекового (ваучерного) этапа российской приватизации
в 1992–1994 годах, особенности его осуществления на территории Санкт-Петербурга. Сформулированы характерные черты реформы собственности в России, ее видение командой реформаторов, а также основные пробелы и недостатки данной модели. Показан процесс формирования концепции приватизации, обозначены основные законы, ставшие правовым фундаментом приватизации. Отражена динамика реализации политики приватизации на фоне общественно-политической ситуации в стране. Затрагивается вопрос реакции парламента на проводимые преобразования. Выявлены основные последствия приватизации для разных отраслей экономики и социальной сферы российского общества.
The article analyzes the period of voucher privatization in Russia in 1992–1994 and focuses on the unraveling of the program in St. Petersburg. It treats some characteristic features of economic reforms in Russia and deals with some drawbacks of the policy. The article focuses on the legal principles of privatization, describes the process of privatization and the political climate of the period. It treats the parliament’s reaction to the economic reforms and assesses the effect of privatization on Russian economics and society.
Global Mapping of an Exo-Earth Using Sparse Modeling
Authors: Aizawa Masataka , Kawahara Hajime , Fan Siteng 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
We develop a new retrieval scheme for obtaining two-dimensional surface maps of exoplanets from scattered light curves. In our scheme, the combination of the L1-norm and total squared variation, which is one of the techniques used in sparse modeling, is adopted to find the optimal map. We apply the new method to simulated scattered light curves of the Earth, and find that the new method provides a better spatial resolution of the reconstructed map than those using Tikhonov regularization. We also apply the new method to observed scattered light curves of the Earth obtained during the two-year Deep Space Climate Observatory/Earth Polychromatic Imaging Camera observations presented by Fan et al. The method with Tikhonov regularization enables us to resolve North America, Africa, Eurasia, and Antarctica. In addition to that, the sparse modeling identifies South America and Australia, although it fails to find Antarctica, maybe due to low observational weights on the poles. Besides, the proposed method is capable of retrieving maps from noise-injected light curves of a hypothetical Earthlike exoplanet at 5 pc with a noise level expected from coronagraphic images from a 8 m space telescope. We find that the sparse modeling resolves Australia, Afro-Eurasia, North America, and South America using 2 yr observation with a time interval of one month. Our study shows that the combination of sparse modeling and multiepoch observation with 1 day or 5 days per month can be used to identify main features of an Earth analog in future direct-imaging missions such as the Large UV/Optical/IR Surveyor.
Insights into the Formation and Evolution History of the Galactic Disk System
Authors: Han Doo Ri , Lee Young Sun , Kim Young Kwang , Beers Timothy C. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
We present a kinematic analysis of a sample of 23,908 G- and K-type dwarfs in the Galactic disk. Based on the α-abundance ratio, [α/Fe], we separated our sample into low-α thin-disk and high-α thick-disk stars. We find a

gradient of −28.2 km s−1 dex−1 over [Fe/H] for the thin disk and an almost flat trend of the velocity dispersions of

,

, and

components with [Fe/H]. The metal-poor (MP; [Fe/H] <–0.3) thin-disk stars with low-

velocities have high eccentricities (e) and small perigalacticon distances (

), while the high-

MP thin-disk stars possess low e and large

. Interestingly, half of the super-metal-rich ([Fe/H]> + 0.1) stars in the thin disk exhibit low-e, solar-like orbits. Accounting for the inhomogeneous metallicity distribution of the thin-disk stars with various kinematics requires radial migration by churning—it apparently strongly influences the current structure of the thin disk; we cannot rule out the importance of blurring for the high-e stars. We derive a rotation velocity gradient of +36.9 km s−1 dex−1 for the thick disk and decreasing trends of velocity dispersions with increasing [Fe/H]. The thick-disk population also has a broad distribution of eccentricity, and the number of high-e stars increases with decreasing [Fe/H]. These kinematic behaviors could be the result of a violent mechanism, such as a gas-rich merger or the presence of giant turbulent clumps, early in the history of its formation. Dynamical heating by minor mergers and radial migration may also play roles in forming the current thick-disk structure.
Office Probing for Congenital Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction: A Study of Parental Satisfaction
Authors: Goldblum Todd A , Summers C Gail , Eghert James E , Letson Robert D 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT
Purpose: To determine parental satisfaction with nasolacrimal probings performed in the office without sedation for congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction.
Methods: We reviewed the charts of 81 consecutive children under 4 years of age who underwent nasolacrimal probings in our office. Sixty-seven caretakers of these children were contacted by telephone to determine parental satisfaction, probing effectiveness, procedural complications, and future recommendations. A comparison between parental satisfaction and patient age, probing effectiveness, and unilateral versus bilateral probings was performed.
Results: Most caretakers (86%) were satisfied with the procedure and most (81%) would prefer the probing to be performed in the office rather than under general anesthesia (6% were unsure). Satisfaction rates were similar between the different age groups (P>.5 by Chi-square analysis), but were slightly lower in the unsuccessful probing and bilateral probing subgroups. Parents of children who underwent both an office procedure and a subsequent procedure under general anesthesia tended to prefer the office-based technique.
Conclusion: The majority of caretakers of children who underwent unilateral or bilateral nasolacrimal probings in the office without sedation were satisfied with the procedure and, when given a choice, preferred it over probings performed under general anesthesia.
Deposit Money Bank Policy and Private Sector Funding: A Multi-Dimensional Study from Nigeria
Authors: Sulaiman Zaagha Alexander , Ebike Murray Monday 
Published: June 2020

This study empirically examined the effect of deposit money banks policy on private sector funding in Nigeria. Time series data was sourced from Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin from 1985-2018. Credit to private sector, credit to core private sector and credit to small and medium scale enterprises was used as dependent variables while liquidity ratio and loan to deposit ratio was used as independent variables. Ordinary Least Square (OLS), Augmented Dickey Fuller Test, Johansen Co-integration test, normalized co-integrating equations, parsimonious vector error correction model and pair-wise causality tests were used to conduct the investigations and analysis. The empirical findings revealed that deposit money banks policy explains 40.8 percent variation on credit to core private sector, 28.1 percent and 58.9 percent of the variation in credit to core private sector and credit to small and medium scale enterprises sector. The study conclude that deposit money banks policy has no significant relationship with credit to private sector and credit to core private sector but has significant relation with credit to small and medium scale enterprises sector. From the findings, the study recommends compliance to deposit money banks policies; this will enhance effective financial intermediation and increase funding of the private sector. There is also need for the regulatory authorities to harmonize the various deposit money banks policies with the objective of enhancing private sector funding. There is need to decentralize the operation of the deposit money banks in the urban cities. Policies should be formulated to extend the operation of the deposit money banks to the rural communities, this will enable the institutions to mobilize much deposit and increase credit to the private sector.
"Prendam, matam e comam os travestis"
Authors: Mariusso Victor Hugo da Silva Gomes 
Published: June 2020

Pretendemos analisar por meio do jornal Lampião da Esquina – periódico lançado em abril de 1978 e que circulou até meados de 1981 – qual o tratamento dado a população LGBT (Lésbicas, Gays, Bissexuais, Travestis, Transexuais e Transgêneros), por parte da grande imprensa e da imprensa alternativa daquele período. Queremos com isso, compreender a partir de algumas reportagens, como a imprensa brasileira acaba por ser mais um lugar de fala que constrói práticas de exclusão. Pensar o papel social que tal estrutura da sociedade cumpre, é refletir sobre as diversas formas de exclusão que sofrem os sujeitos que se comportam fora da sexualidade construída como hegemônica. Além disso, torna-se possível observar a importância do Lampião da Esquina não só como jornal alternativo, mas como ferramenta política que contribuiu para a visibilidade de tais questões em um período marcado por um regime militar e por mudanças nas formas de atuações dos grupos tidos ali como “minoritários”.
Berteologi Dalam Konteks Indonesia Modern
Authors: Samarenna Desti 
Published: June 2020

Desti Samarenna, Having theology in Modern Indonesia Context. This paper wants to show how to do theology in the context of modern Indonesia where the true understanding of Christ and his work as true God and true man bring proper hermeneutics of the theological positions of religion, culture, modernization, philosophy, and ethics so this criticism is a preparatory step towards reflection theological. Then, it provides responses from the standpoint of the Bible how the position as believers that is in a plural nation. Desti Samarenna, Berteologi Dalam Konteks Indonesia Modern. Tulisan ini ingin menun-jukkan bagaimana berteologi dalam konteks Indonesia modern dimana dengan pemahaman yang benar tentang Kristus dan karya-Nya sebagai Allah sejati dan manusia sejati memunculkan hermeneutika yang benar tentang posisi teologi agama, budaya, modernisasi, filsafat, dan etika sehingga kritik ini adalah langkah persiapan kearah refleksi teologis. Kemudian, tulisan ini memberikan tanggapan dari sudut pandang Alkitab bagaimana posisi sebagai orang percaya yang ada ditengah bangsa yang majemuk.
Model Gaya Hidup Nazir Sebagai Refleksi Gaya Hidup Hedon Pengkotbah Pada Zaman Milenial
Authors: Haryono Timotius , Panuntun Daniel Fajar 
Published: June 2020

Pada abad ke-21 ini, media baik media cetak maupun media elektronik mengalami perkembangan yang sangat pesat. Sumber ide dan opini secara global dipengaruhi oleh media. Hal ini berimbas kepada masalah gaya hidup (life style). Manfaat emosional dari gaya hidup yang lebih utama daripada manfaat fungsional terjadi pada kalangan konsumen masyarakat Indonesia. Gaya hidup ini juga berdampak pada kehidupan hamba Tuhan. Gaya hidup hamba Tuhan pada masa kini di tengah zaman milenial perlu di kaji ulang sehingga kehidupan hamba Tuhan dapat dijadikan teladan yang baik, benar, dan tepat oleh seluruh orang percaya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gaya hidup hamba Tuhan pada zaman milenal. Melalui penelitian ini didapatkan model gaya hidup hamba Tuhan pada zaman milenial. Model gaya hidup tersebut dideskripsikan berdasarkan prinsip, langkah-langkah, dan motivasinya.
Budaya Betangkant Anak Dalam Suku Dayak Keninjal Sebagai Upaya Kontektualisasi Kasih Allah
Authors: Herwinasastra H 
Published: June 2020

The purpose of this paper is to analyze a culture of Betangkant Children of the Keninjal Dayak tribe as an effort to contextualize the good news. The study of the meaning and cultural aspects of raising children in an effort to apply the gospel or good news in the context of the life of the Dayak Keninjal community. Through the culture of Betangkant Children in the Keninjal tribe, Madyaraya Village gives meaning and an entrance to evangelism for Dayak Keninjal to accept Jesus Christ as Savior in his life and figure of a Father who loves His Son. God created humans with creativity to be cultured, and with the framework of human culture looking at God and accepting God's self-revelation through filters and a framework that was intact in culture. Sustainability of God's covenant relationship with His people in all times and in all contexts. The culmination of this agreement is the Lord Jesus, who brought a new covenant to His people. Tujuan penulisan ini adalah untuk menganalisis sebuah budaya Betangkant Anak Dayak Keninjal sebagai upaya kontekstualisasi kabar baik. Pengkajian aspek arti dan nilai budaya mengangkat anak dalam upaya penerapan Injil atau kabar baik dalam kontek kehidupan masyarakat Dayak Keninjal. Melalui budaya Betangkant Anak di suku Keninjal, desa Madyaraya memberikan makna dan pintu masuk penginjilan bagi suka Dayak Keninjal untuk menerima Yesus Kristus sebagai Juruselamat dalam kehidupanya dan figure seorang Bapa yang mengasihi Anak-Nya. Allah menciptakan manusia dengan kreatifitas untuk berbudaya, dan dengan kerangka budaya manusia memandang Allah dan menerima penyataan diri Allah melalui filter dan kerangka yang utuh budaya. Keberlangsungan hubungan perjanjian Allah dengan umat-Nya di segala waktu dan segala konteks. Puncak dari perjanjian ini adalah Tuhan Yesus, yang membawa perjanjian baru bagi umat-Nya.
Karya Allah Pada Masa Intertestamen
Authors: Hermanto Yanto Paulus 
Published: June 2020

From the word submitted by the prophet Malachi (432 BC) to the angel of God speaking to the priest Zechariah, his father John the Baptist, is estimated to be about 400 years. And over that long period of time, what really happened? Is God indeed dwelling? Or is God preparing for the coming of the Messiah? Or God is angry with His people, who continue to sin? These questions are certainly the mainstays of the theologians to do research. The author tries to collect data from previous studies of historical events, archeological results, and Biblical text. Thus it can be deduced a conclusion, what is actually happening in the grace period of 400 years. Research begins from the years before, during the intertestament and thereafter. The most likely to be studied is the history of Persian media, Greek (Hellenistic), Jews regain Jerusalem (Maccabees struggle) and the formation of the Roman empire. After doing research it turns out in history and events it is found that God plays an active role. The fulfillment of Daniel, Hosea and Malachi's prophecies occurred during the intertestament. Even supernatural things, which would not have been possible if God had not intervened, had occurred. This research will certainly convince all readers, that God is still working and in control in every age. Dari perkataan nubuat nabi Maleakhi (432 SM) hingga malaikat Tuhan berbicara kepada Imam Zakaria, bapaknya Yohanes pembaptis diperkirakan 400 tahun.Dan sepanjang periode waktu yang panjang tersebut, apakah yang terjadi?Apakah Allah berdiam diri? Atau apakah Ia sedang mempersiapkan kedatangan Mesias? Atau Allah marah terhadap umat-Nya yang terus hidup dalam dosa?Pertanyaan-pertanyaan ini yang seringkali menjadi perdebatan para teolog.Penulis mencoba mengumpulkan dari peristiwa-peristiwa sejarah yang telah diteliti sebelumnya, hasil-hasil arkelogi, dan teks Alkitab yang berkaitan. Kemudian dapat diambil suatu kesimpulan, apa yang sebenarnya trjadi dalam periode 400 tahun tersebut. Penelitian dimulai dari tahun-tahun sebelum, selama dan setelah masa intertesmen.Hal-hal yang dipelajari meliputi sejarah Media Persia, Yunani (Helenisasi), kembalinya orang Yahudi ke Yerusalem (pemberontakan Makabe) dan terbentuknya kerajaan Romawi.Setelah melakukan penelitian, maka diperoleh realitas bahwa Allah berperan secara aktif dalam masa tersebut.Penggenapan Nubuat dalam Daniel, Hosea dan Maleaki terjadi pada masa intertestemen.Bahkan hal-hal yang supranatural, yang tidak mungkin terjadi, jika bukan Allah yang mengintervensi hal-hal yang terjadi tersebut.Hasil penelitianini tentu menyakinkan para pembaca bahwa Allah masih dan sedang bekerja dan mengontrol dalam segala zaman.
A indústria 4.0: uma análise comparativa entre as experiências da Alemanha, EUA, China, Coréia do Sul e Japão
Authors: Lucena Felipe Andrade , Roselino José Eduardo , Diegues Antonio Carlos 
Published: June 2020

O artigo apresenta uma análise comparativa das políticas industriais das principais nações envolvidas na disputa tecnológica em torno da indústria 4.0 (Estados Unidos, Alemanha, China, Japão e Coréia do Sul). As estratégias nacionais são analisadas a partir de um recorte transversal e multidimensional. Reforça-se o entendimento de que a gestação da indústria 4.0 deve ser compreendida a partir de abordagens que transcendam a dimensão tecnológica e integrem elementos de economia política e geopolítica. Para esse fim foi utilizada a metodologia de análise documental comparativa para a identificação dos aspectos distintivos das experiências nacionais selecionadas. Conclui-se que a emergência da indústria 4.0 não é um fenômeno meramente tecnológico nem muito menos espontâneo, mas resulta de esforços deliberados das economias centrais para fazer avançar a fronteira tecnológica em contraposição ao questionamento das lideranças produtiva e tecnológica por parte da China e conter, ainda que parcialmente, a sua afirmação como ator central do sistema econômico internacional.