bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Management of Low‐Energy Basicervical Proximal Femoral Fractures by Proximal Femoral Nail Anti‐Rotation
Authors: Wang Qi , Gu Xiao‐hua , Li Xi , Wu Jian‐hong , Ju Yu‐feng , Huang Wei‐jie , Wang Qiu‐gen 
Published: December 2019

ObjectiveTo evaluate clinical and radiological outcomes of proximal femoral nail anti‐rotation (PFNA‐II) devices and demonstrate the effectiveness of PFNA‐II for the treatment of basicervical fractures in elderly patients.MethodsA retrospective review of all patients treated with PFNA‐II for a proximal femoral fracture between January 2013 and February 2017 at three different institutions (Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Punan Hospital and Shanghai Seventh People's Hospital) was conducted. The X‐ray films were strictly reviewed by three trauma surgeons and a professional radiology doctor. Patients over 60 years of age who met the following criteria were included: (i) sustained low‐energy trauma; (ii) a two‐part fracture; (iii) fracture line located at the base of the femoral neck and that was medial to the intertrochanteric line and exited above the lesser trochanter but was more lateral than a classic transcervical fracture. Follow‐up time should be longer than 6 months. A total of 52 patients who met the inclusion criteria were selected. The average age at diagnosis was 75.1 years (range, 63–91 years); 13 patients were men and 39 were women. The same proximal femoral nail anti‐rotation devices and the same surgical procedures were applied to all patients. Postoperative radiographic union time and modified Harris hip scores were used as major indicators for evaluating the effectiveness of surgery.ResultsThe average follow‐up period was 22.5 months (18.5, 23.9, and 21.2 months, respectively) and radiographic unions were observed at an average of 19.6 weeks (range, 12–28 weeks). The patients were evaluated immediately after surgery, as well as 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years postoperatively. Of the 49 patients, 38 had good reduction qualities (75.5%), 9 acceptable (18.3%), and 3 poor (6.1%). Radiographic union was confirmed in all fractures at an average of 19.6 weeks (range, 12–28 weeks). The mean Harris hip score was 84.9 (range, 65–99): excellent in 9 patients (18.36%), good in 30 (61.22%), medium in 8 (16.32%), and poor in 2 (4.08%). Slight persistent pain occurred in 3 patients, but these patients could still walk with the help of a cane. Two patients had symptoms of excessive telescoping. Eight patients experienced postoperative medical complications, mainly pneumonia and urinary tract infection.ConclusionBased on the clinical and radiological outcomes, the PFNA‐II devices provide strong rotational stability and excellent clinical prognosis, and are an appropriate treatment option for basicervical proximal femoral fracture in elderly patients.
Proof of concept to unmask the breeding value of genetic resources of barley (Hordeum vulgare) with a hybrid strategy
Authors: Sommer Leonhard , Spiller Monika , Stiewe Gunther , Pillen Klaus , Reif Jochen C. , Schulthess Albert W. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBroadening the genetic base of elite breeding programmes is crucial for further breeding success. The absence of major adaption genes, however, often masks the grain yield breeding value of genetic resources. We assessed the ability of a hybrid strategy to provide unbiased performance estimates of 21 barley genetic resources. By crossing them to elite tester lines, 25 three‐way hybrids were produced and evaluated together with a part of their parents and eight elite hybrids for important agronomic traits in replicated field trials in four environments. The phenotypic data analyses revealed that the hybrid strategy facilitated to identify promising resources by substantially improving lodging resistance. Combining genotypic data for 5,562 SNPs with the phenotypic data highlighted the potential to boost the diversity of the elite breeding pool via targeted introgression of genetic resources into the male and female heterotic pools. We propose an application of the hybrid strategy for genetic resources of entire genebank collections and to use genome‐wide predictions to support a targeted choice of accessions with high value for barley breeding.
Early changes in cell‐free DNA levels in newly transplanted heart transplant patients
Authors: Zangwill Steven D. , Kindel Steven J. , Ragalie William S. , North Paula E. , Pollow Alyssa , Hidestrand Mats , Tomita‐Mitchell Aoy , Stamm Karl D. , Mitchell Michael E. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractHeart transplantation is a well‐established therapy for end‐stage heart failure in children and young adults. The highest risk of graft loss occurs in the first 60 days post‐transplant. Donor fraction of cell‐free DNA is a highly sensitive marker of graft injury. Changes in cell‐free DNA levels have not previously been studied in depth in patients early after heart transplant. A prospective study was conducted among heart transplant recipients at a single pediatric heart center. Blood samples were collected from children and young adult transplant patients at three time points within 10 days of transplantation. DF and total cell‐free DNA levels were measured using a targeted method (myTAIHEART). In 17 patients with serial post‐transplant samples, DF peaks in the first 2 days after transplant (3.5%, [1.9‐10]%) and then declines toward baseline (0.27%, [0.19‐0.52]%) by 6‐9 days. There were 4 deaths in the first year among the 10 patients with complete sample sets, and 3 out of 4 who died had a late rise or blunted decline in donor fraction. Patients who died trended toward an elevated total cell‐free DNA at 1 week (41.5, [34‐65] vs 13.6, [6.2‐22] P = .07). Donor fraction peaks early after heart transplant and then declines toward baseline. Patients without sustained decline in donor fraction and/or elevated total cell‐free DNA at 1 week may have worse outcomes.
Mathematics and the Mystical in the Thought of Simone Weil
Authors: Kinsey John 
Published: December 2019

AbstractOn Simone Weil’s “Pythagorean” view, mathematics has a mystical significance. In this paper, the nature of this significance and the coherence of Weil’s view are explored. To sharpen the discussion, consideration is given to both Rush Rhees’ criticism of Weil and Vance Morgan’s rebuttal of Rhees. It is argued here that while Morgan underestimates the force of Rhees’ criticism, Rhees’ take on Weil is, nevertheless, flawed for two reasons. First, Rhees fails to engage adequately with either the assumptions underlying Weil’s religious conception of philosophy or its dialectical method. Second, Rhees’ reading of Weil reflects an anti‐Platonist conception of mathematics his justification of which is unsound and whose influence impedes recognition of the coherence of Weil’s position.
On The Hypothetical Given
Authors: Marushak Adam 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMy aim in this paper is to assess the viability of a perceptual epistemology based on what Anil Gupta calls the “hypothetical given”. On this account, experience alone yields no unconditional entitlement to perceptual beliefs. Experience functions instead to establish relations of rational support between what Gupta calls “views” and perceptual beliefs. I argue that the hypothetical given is a genuine alternative to the prevailing theories of perceptual justification but that the account faces a dilemma: on a natural assumption about the epistemic significance of support relations, any perceptual epistemology based on the hypothetical given results in either rationalism or skepticism. I conclude by examining the prospects for avoiding the dilemma. One option is to combine the hypothetical given with a form of holism. Another is to combine the view with a form of hinge epistemology. But neither offers a simple fix.
‘Feminizing’ Saint Augustine’s City of God: Sister Veronica, the library and scriptorium at Santo Spirito, Verona
Authors: Arthur Kathleen Giles 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAugustine's City of God has been studied in a humanist context and the impact of its vernacular translation on women readers has not been considered. This essay presents an Italian codex copied by nun scribe Veronica in 1472 in the Benedictine convent Santo Spirito, Verona. It examines the convent's social history, literary and devotional culture known through a library inventory dating c.1475, extant manuscripts and early printed books. The content and appeal of the library for elementary and advanced readers is analyzed. The active scribal culture is seen through nun scribe Scholastica Maffei who had strong humanist connections and Domicilla Bernabuzi da Faenza who translated a religious treatise for presentation to a mentor, a reflection of humanist practices. Veronica's City of God, follows no known iconographic model and has unique pen and ink miniatures that express tension, emotional conflict, an understanding of Augustine's philosophy, and her role in mediating the text with allegorical imagery for her community. This is the first study of a vernacular copy produced by a nun and shows how women religious read and reacted to Augustine's popular text.
Settling velocity and drag coefficient of platy shell fragments
Authors: Li Yanan , Yu Qian , Gao Shu , Flemming Burghard W. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractSettling velocity of bioclastic particles in coastal and shallow marine environments is essential for interpreting depositional facies and processes. There is, however, a paucity of accurate formulae for predicting the settling velocities and drag coefficients of platy biogenic particles in particular. This study provides experimental settling data based on 320 platy shell fragments from a sediment core recovered in Li'an Lagoon, south‐eastern Hainan Island, China. The results indicate that the settling velocities of platy shell fragments are strongly correlated with nominal diameters and Corey shape factors (ranging from 0.02 to 0.20 in this study). On this basis, a practical equation of acceptable accuracy was established for platy particles, relating dimensionless settling velocities to dimensionless diameters and Corey shape factors. Similarly, another empirical formula for quickly calculating the equivalent diameter of platy shell fragments in practice was proposed as well. Regarding the strong dependence of the drag coefficients using equivalent spherical diameters to Corey shape factors, the drag coefficient based on the diameter of the equivalent maximum projected area remains almost constant and is hence physically well‐suited for the definition of grain drag coefficients. The settling data of this study has extended the lower Corey shape factors limit of bioclastic particles, and the equations presented here can be used for quantitative interpretations of sedimentary records, modelling of depositional processes and investigations of other platy particles.
Typical and atypical self‐regulation in adolescence: the importance of studying change over time
Authors: Atherton Olivia E. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractResearchers, parents, and teachers alike are concerned with the healthy development of self‐regulation, particularly because of its influence on a wide range of academic, economic, social, and health outcomes. However, little is known about how to characterize typical and atypical self‐regulation development, especially among adolescents, a population that is uniquely challenged with competing demands and expectations. The arguments of the present review are twofold: (1) it is critical to use fine‐grained longitudinal data to study change over time in self‐regulatory traits among youth, in order to fully understand typical and atypical self‐regulation; and (2) one compelling way to study the typical and atypical development of self‐regulation is through its intersection with externalizing problems. A thorough examination of the literature reveals that, on average, youth struggle with self‐regulation in adolescence, as evidenced by a decline in self‐regulatory capacities from age 10 to 14 and an improvement in self‐regulatory skills from age 14 to 19. Concomitantly, youth show mean‐level increases in externalizing problems (e.g., delinquency, aggression, alcohol/drug use, school behavioral problems) during adolescence. Further, co‐developmental associations indicate that poor self‐regulation leads adolescents to show greater increases in externalizing problems over time (vulnerability model); the act of engaging in these problematic behaviors leads youth to experience greater decreases in self‐regulation over time (scar model); self‐regulation and externalizing problems are distinct developmental constructs (spectrum model). The implications of studying trait and behavior change over time are highlighted, and future directions in this area of research are discussed.
Advanced evaluation of hidradenitis suppurativa with ultra‐high frequency ultrasound: A promising tool for the diagnosis and monitoring of disease progression
Authors: Oranges Teresa , Vitali Saverio , Benincasa Bianca , Izzetti Rossana , Lencioni Riccardo , Caramella Davide , Romanelli Marco , Dini Valentina 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundHidradenitis suppurativa is a chronic inflammatory skin disease. An ultrasound staging (SOS‐HS) using frequencies from 7 to 18 MHz has been proposed to evaluate the severity of the disease.Materials and methodsWe retrospectively evaluated the most significant lesions in 50 patients with hidradenitis suppurativa (32 females and 18 males, aged from 12 to 68 years old), who had undergone high‐frequency ultrasound (HFUS) (18‐22 MHz) and ultra‐high frequency ultrasound (UHFUS) (48 and 70 MHz). A MyLab™ Touch system (Esaote) equipped with a 18‐22 MHz linear probe was used for the HFUS, and a Vevo®MD (VisualSonics) was used for the UHFUS, equipped with two linear probes (70 and 48 MHz).ResultsA total of 116 lesions were observed, of which 66 were fluid collections, 32 were tunnels, 6 pseudocysts, 5 bridge scars, 5 tombstone comedones, and 2 granulation tissues. Structures that had already been described with HFUS were then observed with UHFUS but with a better definition. In addition, structures that had not been detected by HFUS were also observed with UHFUS such as drop‐shaped hair follicles, micro‐tunnels, and microcysts.ConclusionUltra‐high frequency ultrasound provides a better understanding of hidradenitis suppurativa. Patients can be monitored more effectively thereby preventing the most severe changes.
High‐field (3 Tesla) MRI of the navicular apparatus of sound horses shows good agreement to histopathology
Authors: Kottmeier Lena K. , Seehusen Frauke , Helweg Martin , Rohn Karl , Stadler Peter , Hellige Maren 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMagnetic resonance imaging and the correlation to histopathological findings of the equine palmar foot of lame horses have been described previously, using 0.27 and 1.5 T systems. Compared to these, 3 T systems provide superior spatial resolution and imaging contrast. The aim of our prospective anatomic study was to characterize the imaging anatomy of the navicular region on 3 T MRI in comparison to histopathological findings. We hypothesized that 3 T MRI allows a good visualization of the entire navicular apparatus and reliable measurements of navicular cartilage and cortical bone thickness. Twenty front feet of sound horses were examined using a 3 T MRI system. For histopathological examination, sagittal tissue sections of the navicular bones and adjacent ligaments were prepared. Alterations in magnetic resonance signal were graded for each region and compared to corresponding histological slices. Overall, there was good visualization of the anatomical detail and a very good agreement between MRI and histology for compact bone and spongiosa, good agreement for the fibrocartilage and the distal sesamoidean impar ligament, but only moderate agreement for the hyaline cartilage and the collateral sesamoidean ligament. A comparative measurement of cartilage and cortical bone thickness on magnetic resonance images and histological sections was performed. In MRI, the hyaline cartilage of the articular surface appeared significantly thinner and the fibrocartilage of the flexor surface appeared significantly thicker compared to histology. Findings indicated that MRI at a field strength of 3 T allows reliable depiction of anatomic details of the navicular apparatus.
Participación en prácticas de lectura y escritura de maestrías académicas o de investigación
Authors: Villabona Osorio Lady Yohanna 
Published: December 2019

El objetivo central del presente estudio es analizar, desde una perspectiva metodológica dialéctica, distintas formas de participación en prácticas de lectura y escritura promovidas por dos maestrías, atendiendo a diferentes unidades de análisis, normativas de posgrado, planes de estudio, programas de algunos cursos y consideraciones de estudiantes y egresados frente a la experiencia de escribir una tesis. Literatura reciente afirma que la baja tasa de culminación de maestrías obedece a dificultades en la escritura de la tesis. Según enfoques socioculturales, este fenómeno se entiende no como concerniente al estudiante, sino a las situaciones educativas en las que participa. Así lo corroboran datos indicativos de que predomina más leer y escribir para evaluaciones sobre los contenidos de los cursos que corregir la tesis, con base en revisiones previas de pares o asesores.
Cartilage Biomechanical Response Differs Under Physiological Biaxial Loads and Uniaxial Cyclic Compression
Authors: Shegaf Ali , Speirs Andrew 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The main function of articular cartilage is to distribute loads and provide low friction for the opposing surfaces in synovial joints. Biphasic lubrication provided by high fluid load support due to relative motion of the contact surfaces has been widely accepted as the main lubrication mode in diarthrodial joints. However, assessment of chondrocyte response to mechanical loads typically employed nonphysiological uniaxial loads with static contact area. This study aimed to introduce a more physiologically relevant loading protocol for in vitro mechanobiological testing of cartilage explants. Finite element analysis was conducted to examine the biomechanical response of cartilage to two different loading regimes, biaxial loading, that permits migrating contact area, and unconfined uniaxial cyclic compression, traditionally used in mechanobiological experiments. Results predicted in this study showed that continuous tissue rehydration provided by relative surface motion maintained constant fluid pressure and tissue strains through the simulation. On the contrary, due to rapid tissue consolidation predicted in cyclic compression simulation, fluid pressure and transverse strain were reduced by 19% and 26%, respectively. Furthermore, relative surface motion simulation resulted in depth-dependent distribution of fluid pressure and tissue strains while unconfined uniaxial cyclic compression produced nearly uniform fluid pressure through the depth but higher at the center of the sample. Based on the results obtained from this study and since sliding contact occurs in vivo, this physiological loading mode should be considered in assessing biomechanical and mechanobiological cartilage behavior.
An Integrative Machine Learning Method to Improve Fault Detection and Productivity Performance in a Cyber-Physical System
Authors: Chiu Ming-Chuan , Tsai Chien-De , Li Tung-Lung 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
A cyber-physical system (CPS) is one of the key technologies of industry 4.0. It is an integrated system that merges computing, sensors, and actuators, controlled by computer-based algorithms that integrate people and cyberspace. However, CPS performance is limited by its computational complexity. Finding a way to implement CPS with reduced complexity while incorporating more efficient diagnostics, forecasting, and equipment health management in a real-time performance remains a challenge. Therefore, the study proposes an integrative machine-learning method to reduce the computational complexity and to improve the applicability as a virtual subsystem in the CPS environment. This study utilizes random forest (RF) and a time-series deep-learning model based on the long short-term memory (LSTM) networking to achieve real-time monitoring and to enable the faster corrective adjustment of machines. We propose a method in which a fault detection alarm is triggered well before a machine fails, enabling shop-floor engineers to adjust its parameters or perform maintenance to mitigate the impact of its shutdown. As demonstrated in two empirical studies, the proposed method outperforms other times-series techniques. Accuracy reaches 80% or higher 3 h prior to real-time shutdown in the first case, and a significant improvement in the life of the product (281%) during a particular process appears in the second case. The proposed method can be applied to other complex systems to boost the efficiency of machine utilization and productivity.
An Adaptive Vent System for Localized and Customized Thermal Management in Buildings
Authors: Keskin Cem , Mengüç M. Pinar 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This paper introduces an innovative ventilation system that is capable of providing localized and customized thermal conditions in buildings. The system has diffusers with individually operable flaps that facilitate asymmetric air inlet to control air flow inside a room in an effective way. Moreover, the system involves distributed temperature sensors, a user interface, and a control unit that allows creation and management of “thermal subzones” within a room in accordance with the different preferences of occupants. As a specific case, the thermal management of a typical office in an academic building is considered. Both experimental and numerical studies were conducted to show that it is possible to achieve several degrees of temperature differences at different room locations in a transient and controllable fashion. The dynamic management of the temperature distribution in a room can prevent the waste of conditioning energy. It is shown that the system provides a practical and impactful solution by adapting to different user preferences (UPs) and by minimizing the resource use. In order to deal with the complexity of design, development, and operation of the system, it is considered as a cyber-physical-social system (CPSS). The core of the CPSS approach used here is an enhanced hybrid system modeling methodology that couples human dimension with formal hybrid dynamical modeling. Based on a coherent conceptual framing, the approach can combine the three core aspects, like cyber infrastructure, physical dynamics, and social/human interactions of modern building energy systems to accommodate the environmental challenges. Besides physics-based achievements (managing temperature distribution inside a room), the new AVS can also leverage user engagement and behavior change for energy efficiency in buildings by facilitating a new practice for occupants' interaction with heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system.