bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oppan Gangnam style! A series of accidents – place branding, entrepreneurship and pop culture
Authors: Madichie Nnamdi O. 
Published: December 2020

Purpose
This study aims to highlight a series of accidents epitomized by the success of a music artist, bringing three streams of literature together – pop culture, entrepreneurship and place branding.

Design/methodology/approach
Using an illustrative case of a 2012 YouTube hit song, Oppan Gangnam Style, by Korean artist Park Jae-Sang, the artist’s attempt to lampoon the extravagant lifestyle of Gangnam District’s residents accidentally puts them on the global map. The narrative is built around the storytelling approach.

Findings
The study highlights the intersections of pop culture creativity and entrepreneurship (albeit accidental) with implications for place branding.

Research limitations/implications
The study is overtly documentary analysis-based and could, therefore be subjected to quantitative analysis in future research. Furthermore, the conceptual model could be tested with additional cases in the future.

Originality/value
In a broad sense, this study is a pioneering effort in the field of entrepreneurship and its interconnections with other disciplines – marketing (place and entrepreneurship) and pop culture. The conceptual model could form a basis for future research in such intersections.
Performance-based design of RC beams using an equivalent standard fire
Authors: Kuehnen Robert , Youssef Maged , El-Fitiany Salah 
Published: December 2020

Purpose
The design of buildings for fire events is essential to ensure occupant safety. Supplementary to simple prescriptive methods, performance-based fire design can be applied to achieve a greater level of safety and flexibility in design. To make performance-based fire design more accessible, a time-equivalent method can be used to approximate a given natural fire event using a single standard fire with a specific duration. Doing so allows for natural fire events to be linked to the wealth of existing data from the standard fire scenario. The purpose of this paper is to review and assess the application of an existing time-equivalent method in the performance-based design of reinforced concrete (RC) beams.

Design/methodology/approach
The assessment is established by computationally developing the moment-curvature response of RC beam sections during fire exposure. The sectional response due to natural fire and time equivalent fire are compared.

Findings
It is shown that the examined time equivalent method is able to predict the sectional response with suitable accuracy for performance-based design purposes.

Originality/value
The research is the first to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the moment-curvature diagram of RC beams using time-equivalent standard fire scenarios that model realistic fire scenarios.
Gambling with leadership succession in Brazilian football: head coach turnovers and team performance
Authors: Galdino Matheus , Wicker Pamela , Soebbing Brian P. 
Published: December 2020

PurposeAlthough leadership succession is a popular area of study across different professional sports leagues, existing research has largely ignored South America despite Brazilian football seeming to surpass the limits of coaching turnovers in comparison to any other league worldwide.Design/methodology/approachThis study examines the causes and consequences of 594 head coach turnovers in the Brasileirão from 2003 to 2018. A comprehensive longitudinal dataset was compiled (n = 13,012) and a series of regression analysis evaluated the determinants of coaching replacements as well as their effect on team performance.FindingsStatistical results revealed that coaching survival is significantly determined by a negative spell of three to four games, parallel competitions and performance expectations with three games in advance. Regarding performance outcomes, it takes seven games for a slight sign of improvement to be identified after a coach turnover, but no clear positive effects are recognized as an aftermath, supporting the ritual scapegoating theory.Practical implicationsThe findings suggest that decision makers should consider the importance of a rational evaluation and the crucial component of time instead of judging coaches based on subjectivity and immediate results. Meanwhile, coaches should avoid voluntary turnovers, exercising priorities ahead of continental cups and sequences with few points accumulated.Originality/valueThis investigation discloses a valuable reference for coaches, sport managers and academic scholars interested in Brazilian football, as it extends knowledge development and theoretical understanding for a region that still lacks scientific evidence to back up its practical assumptions in sports.
A novel bacterial phylum that participates in carbon and osmolyte cycling in the Challenger Deep sediments
Authors: Cui Guojie , Zhou Yingli , Li Wenli , Gao Zhaoming , Huang Jiaomei , Wang Yong 
Published: December 2020

SummaryLarge amounts of detrital organic matter and osmolytes accumulate in the sediments of hadal trenches (>6000 m depth) due to the funnelling effect. It is still unknown whether there are novel active microbes that depend on specific carbon sources in extreme and isolated environments. In this study, we present a novel active bacterial phylum, Candidatus Tianyabacteria in the FCB superphylum, which was enriched in sediments collected from the Challenger Deep. Genome binning resulted in high‐quality Ca. Tianyabacteria genomes representing two Ca. Tianyabacteria lineages (L1 and L2) in sediments 0–21 cm below the surface (cmbsf); L1 tends to be abundant in the upper layers (0–9 cmbsf), and L2 seems to be more prevalent in the deeper layers (12–21 cmbsf). Gene annotation and transcriptomics results indicate that the two lineages might import and catalyse amino acids and myo‐inositol into central carbon metabolism for a heterotrophic lifestyle. Probably due to differences in environmental oxygen levels, the L2 genomes harbour gene clusters responsible for denitrification and fermentation, while the L1 genomes encode octahaem cytochrome c and multicopper oxidase using unknown substrates. The Ca. Tianyabacteria are thus novel heterotrophic organisms that participate in processes of carbon, nitrogen and organic osmolyte cycling in hadal sediments.
Regional unemployment in Egypt: Spatial panel data analysis
Authors: Al‐Ayouty Iman , Hassaballa Hoda 
Published: December 2020

AbstractEgypt's rate of unemployment averaged 11% over the period 1993–2018. Although this has motivated abundant research, it has focused on nation‐wide unemployment, with little attention to unemployment at the regional (i.e., governorate) level. Indeed, there are wide disparities in unemployment among governorates. Moreover, high unemployment governorates may be clustered together in a way that yields spatial autocorrelation. The present paper therefore fills this gap in empirical literature by analysing unemployment by region using a spatial panel data model (for 27 governorates over the 2006–2016 period). It establishes the existence of (positive) spatial dependence in regional unemployment. Regional unemployment is further found to be affected by low levels of education among the governorates' populations (illiterates, and holders of intermediate and above intermediates) pointing to a mismatch between the skills demanded and the skills supplied at the governorate level. Though services have the highest share in average employment across governorates (0.64), followed by agriculture (0.26), neither of the two indicators (proxies) of activity mix is found to be statistically significant. Other variables expected to affect regional unemployment were not statistically significant (female and youth unemployment, despite high prevalence of both female and youth unemployment across the governorates of Egypt). Policy implications include: the pooling of efforts between neighbouring governorates to address unemployment; matching leading activities in the governorates with the ranks of the unemployed; using apprenticeship schemes; increasing female labour force participation; and promoting private sector job creation.
An income determination model for Greece in the Euro Zone
Authors: Thompson Henry 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis paper modifies the income determination model to focus on two viable policies that would raise income in Greece with the government facing sizeable interest and debt payments. The usual macroeconomic policy options are unavailable in the Euro Zone with the balanced budget constraint, outside currency and fixed interest rate. On the monetary side, banking policy reform would eliminate bank account restrictions and mandatory purchase of government bonds. On the real side, investment policy reform would streamline the rent seeking bureaucracy. Together these policy reforms lead to income overshooting with a transitory trade surplus raising the money supply.
Why the EHRC Report into Anti‐Semitism in the Labour Party is About so much More than Anti‐Semitism in the Labour Party—A Personal View
Authors: Gaber Ivor 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe Equalities and Human Rights Commission (EHCR) investigation into anti‐semitism in the Labour Party, the virtual disavowal of the report by Jeremy Corbyn, his subsequent suspension from and then reinstatement to the party and then his exclusion from the Parliamentary Labour Party, raise issues far wider than just the EHRC’s legalistic and limited investigation.
Orthographic learning and transfer of complex words: insights from eye tracking during reading and learning tasks
Authors: Ginestet Emilie , Shadbolt Jalyssa , Tucker Rebecca , Bosse Marie‐Line , Deacon S. Hélène 
Published: December 2020

BackgroundEfficient word identification is directly tied to strong mental representations of words, which include spellings, meanings and pronunciations. Orthographic learning is the process by which spellings for individual words are acquired.MethodsIn the present study, we combined the classic self‐teaching paradigm with eye tracking to detail the process by which complex pseudowords are learned. With this methodology, we explored the visual processing and learning of complex pseudowords, as well as the transfer of that learning. We explore visual processing across exposures during the initial reading task and then measure learning and transfer in orthographic choice and spelling tasks.ResultsOnline eye movement monitoring during the repeated reading of complex pseudowords revealed that visual processing varied across exposures with key differences based on word type Further, data from both dictation and eye movements recorded during the orthographic choice task suggested stronger learning of morphologically than orthographically complex pseudowords after four encounters. Finally, results suggested that learning transfer occurred, with similar levels of accurate recognition of new pseudowords that were morphologically or orthographically related to pseudowords learned during the reading phase than of new pseudowords never read.ConclusionsThe present study provides new insights into theory and methodological discussions of orthographic learning.
Digitally processing an image of a shoe impression in blood
Authors: Daniel Orit , Levi Aviad , Chaikovsky Alan , Cohen Yaron 
Published: December 2020

AbstractShoeprints are valuable crime scene exhibits because, given a reasonable‐quality impression and a suspect shoe, the forensic investigator can correlate the impression with the shoe and pin down a suspect. In similarity to bloody fingerprints, a common practice with bloody shoeprints is that the crime scene investigator photographs the impressions at a 90° angle with a scale, develops them with amido Black, and then photographs again. In most cases, the post‐development prints will feature better and more details that are usually sufficient to perform a comparison between the impression found at the crime scene and suspect's shoes. This study examined shoeprints in blood that had been collected in an apartment in northern Israel where two bodies were found. The floor tiles in the apartment had featured a colored design which in the post‐development photographs of the shoeprints blended in with the blood on the floor. As a result, the shoeprint impression was partial and small details were masked. In the laboratory, we processed the pre‐amido Black photograph in several steps designed to increase contrast. The result of this digital processing was a full shoeprint sufficiently clear to display randomly acquired characteristics of the sole and subsequently establish identification between the impression found at the crime scene and suspect's shoes. When chemical amplification is not sufficient, it is worth exploring other methods before proceeding with the comparison, as it is sometimes still possible to extract information from the same data using alternative methods in order to achieve a conclusive result.
Occurrence and severity of mite Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Tarsonemidae) on chili plants: Analysis of pest‐weather and host plant characteristics
Authors: Nasrin Mahbuba , Amin Md Ruhul , Miah Md Ramiz Uddin , Akanda Abdul Mannan , Miah Md Giashuddin , Kwon Ohseok , Suh Sang Jae 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe abundance, infestation, and severity of the mite Polyphagotarsonemus latus were studied on the chili (Capsicum frutescens L., Solanaceae) varieties BARI Morich 1, BARI Morich 2, BARI Morich 3, BINA Morich 1, and Bogura Morich from November 2017 to June 2018. The abundance of mites was found from 05 February to 28 May, and the peak abundance on the chili varieties occurred on 09 April. Mite population showed the highest and the lowest occurrences on BINA Morich 1 and BARI Morich 2, respectively. The abundance of P. latus on the chili varieties showed significant positive correlation with temperature, and the relationship with relative humidity and rainfall was negative. Mite population was negatively correlated with leaf trichomes of all the chili varieties, and depicted significant negative correlation with the leaf area of BARI Morich 1, BARI Morich 3 and BINA Morich 1. The number of flower of the chili varieties BARI Morich 3 and BINA Morich 1, and number of fruit of the varieties BARI Morich 1, BARI Morich 3, BINA Morich 1 and Bogura Morich showed significant negative correlation with mite population. The chili varieties demonstrated significant differences within their leaf curl indices (LCI), and infestation levels of flower and fruit. The BARI Morich 2 revealed the lowest level of mite infestation on flowers and fruits. The varieties BARI Morich 1, BARI Morich 2, and Bogura Morich contained <50% LCI, which were categorized as moderately resistant, and the rest varieties were categorized as susceptible due to >50% LCI.
Site‐directed mutagenesis of Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens USDA 110 aroA improves bacterial growth and competitiveness for soybean nodulation in the presence of glyphosate
Authors: Quelas Juan I. , Lastra Rosario A. , Lorenze Carla , Escobar Mariel , Lepek Viviana C. 
Published: December 2020

SummaryThe in vitro growth of Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens USDA 110 strain is inhibited by glyphosate. The herbicide affects 5‐enolpyruvylshikimic acid‐3‐phosphate synthase, a key enzyme for aromatic aminoacid synthesis. In this study, site‐directed mutagenesis was used to change only two nucleotides of the coding region of phosphoenolpyruvate binding site. This change improved the in vitro growth of B. diazoefficiens USDA 110 in the presence of glyphosate, without affecting its normal growth in the absence of the herbicide. Plant co‐inoculation experiments demonstrated a better competitiveness of the glyphosate‐resistant strain for soybean nodulation in the presence of glyphosate.
Modeling the human aging transcriptome across tissues, health status, and sex
Authors: Shokhirev Maxim N. , Johnson Adiv A. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAging in humans is an incredibly complex biological process that leads to increased susceptibility to various diseases. Understanding which genes are associated with healthy aging can provide valuable insights into aging mechanisms and possible avenues for therapeutics to prolong healthy life. However, modeling this complex biological process requires an enormous collection of high‐quality data along with cutting‐edge computational methods. Here, we have compiled a large meta‐analysis of gene expression data from RNA‐Seq experiments available from the Sequence Read Archive. We began by reprocessing more than 6000 raw samples—including mapping, filtering, normalization, and batch correction—to generate 3060 high‐quality samples spanning a large age range and multiple different tissues. We then used standard differential expression analyses and machine learning approaches to model and predict aging across the dataset, achieving an R2 value of 0.96 and a root‐mean‐square error of 3.22 years. These models allow us to explore aging across health status, sex, and tissue and provide novel insights into possible aging processes. We also explore how preprocessing parameters affect predictions and highlight the reproducibility limits of these machine learning models. Finally, we develop an online tool for predicting the ages of human transcriptomic samples given raw gene expression counts. Together, this study provides valuable resources and insights into the transcriptomics of human aging.
Up‐regulation of cofilin‐1 in cell senescence associates with morphological change and p27kip1‐mediated growth delay
Authors: Tsai Cheng‐Han , Chang Chun‐Yuan , Lin Bing‐Ze , Wu Yu‐Lou , Wu Meng‐Hsiu , Lin Liang‐Tin , Huang Wen‐Chien , Holz Jonathan D. , Sheu Tzong‐Jen , Lee Jhih‐Shian , Kitsis Richard N. , Tai Pei‐Han , Lee Yi‐Jang 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMorphological change is an explicit characteristic of cell senescence, but the underlying mechanisms remains to be addressed. Here, we demonstrated, after a survey of various actin‐binding proteins, that the post‐translational up‐regulation of cofilin‐1 was essential for the reduced rate of actin depolymerization morphological enlargement in senescent cells. Additionally, up‐regulated cofilin‐1 mainly existed in the serine‐3 phosphorylated form, according to the 2D gel immunoblotting assay. The up‐regulation of cofilin‐1 was also detected in aged mammalian tissues. The over‐expression of wild‐type cofilin‐1 and constitutively phosphorylated cofilin‐1 promoted cell senescence with an increased cell size. Additionally, senescent phenotypes were also reduced by knockdown of total cofilin‐1, which led to a decrease in phosphorylated cofilin‐1. The senescence induced by the over‐expression of cofilin‐1 was dependent on p27Kip1, but not on the p53 and p16INK4 expressions. The knockdown of p27Kip1 alleviated cell senescence induced by oxidative stress or replicative stress. We also found that the over‐expression of cofilin‐1 induced the expression of p27Kip1 through transcriptional suppression of the transcriptional enhancer factors domain 1 (TEAD1) transcription factor. The TEAD1 transcription factor played a transrepressive role in the p27Kip1 gene promoter, as determined by the promoter deletion reporter gene assay. Interestingly, the down‐regulation of TEAD1 was accompanied by the up‐regulation of cofilin‐1 in senescence. The knockdown and restoration of TEAD1 in young cells and old cells could induce and inhibit p27Kip1 and senescent phenotypes, respectively. Taken together, the current data suggest that cofilin‐1/TEAD1/p27Kip1 signaling is involved in senescence‐related morphological change and growth arrest.
Further evidence for a global decline of the entomofauna
Authors: Sánchez‐Bayo Francisco , Wyckhuys Kris A G 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe Anthropocene is characterised by pervasive human‐inflicted impacts on a broad range of biota, including insects. In 2019, we reviewed scientific literature quantifying the prevalence and magnitude of insect declines in recent time. Here, drawing upon 40 additional long‐term studies, we add evidence that is consistent with our earlier review and some other reviews on the fate of insect populations globally. New data for Greenland, northern Africa, South America, eastern Asia and Australia complement studies from Europe and North America. Temporal trends in insect populations are now derived from 100 long‐term studies and refer mainly to the past three or four decades (median 33 years). Data from the 10 major insect taxonomic orders indicate that an average 37% of species are declining in numbers, while populations of 18% species are increasing; the latter taxa mainly involve agricultural herbivores and nuisance pests. Population changes are more pronounced among aquatic insect communities, where 42% of species are declining and 29% increasing. Such changes result in a decrease in biomass across taxa, except for Heteroptera. Changes in species richness and diversity indices are inconsistent and do not reflect intraspecific population changes over time. These trends are observed irrespective of taxon, geography or methodological approach, although a lack of long‐term monitoring records prevents a proper assessment for tropical regions.
Von Willebrand factor propeptide in severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19): evidence of acute and sustained endothelial cell activation
Authors: Ward Soracha E. , Curley Gerard F. , Lavin Michelle , Fogarty Helen , Karampini Ellie , McEvoy Natalie L. , Clarke Jennifer , Boylan Maria , Alalqam Razi , Worrall Amy P. , Kelly Claire , de Barra Eoghan , Glavey Siobhan , Ni Cheallaigh Cliona , Bergin Colm , Martin‐Loeches Ignacio , Townsend Liam , Mallon Patrick W. , O'Sullivan Jamie M. , O'Donnell James S. ,   the Irish COVID‐19 Vasculopathy Study (ICVS) Investigators
Published: December 2020

SummaryEndothelial cell (EC) activation plays a key role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary microvascular occlusion, which is a hallmark of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). Consistent with EC activation, increased plasma von Willebrand factor antigen (VWF:Ag) levels have been reported in COVID‐19. Importantly however, studies in other microangiopathies have shown that plasma VWF propeptide (VWFpp) is a more sensitive and specific measure of acute EC activation. In the present study, we further investigated the nature of EC activation in severe COVID‐19. Markedly increased plasma VWF:Ag [median (interquatile range, IQR) 608·8 (531–830)iu/dl] and pro‐coagulant factor VIII (FVIII) levels [median (IQR) 261·9 (170–315) iu/dl] were seen in patients with severe severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection. Sequential testing showed that these elevated VWF–FVIII complex levels remained high for up to 3 weeks. Similarly, plasma VWFpp levels were also markedly elevated [median (IQR) 324·6 (267–524) iu/dl]. Interestingly however, the VWFpp/VWF:Ag ratio was reduced, demonstrating that decreased VWF clearance contributes to the elevated plasma VWF:Ag levels in severe COVID‐19. Importantly, plasma VWFpp levels also correlated with clinical severity indices including the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score, Sepsis‐Induced Coagulopathy (SIC) score and the ratio of arterial oxygen partial pressure to fractional inspired oxygen (P/F ratio). Collectively, these findings support the hypothesis that sustained fulminant EC activation is occurring in severe COVID‐19, and further suggest that VWFpp may have a role as a biomarker in this setting.