bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sound Design for Moving Image
Authors: Scott-James Kahra 
Published: September 2020

Sound Design for Moving Image offers a clear introduction to sound design theory and practice to help you integrate sound ideas into your productions. Contemporary soundtracks are often made up of hundreds of separate tracks, and thousands of individual sounds, including elements of dialogue, music and sound effects. As a result, many budding filmmakers find them a daunting prospect, and are tempted to leave sound to the last stages of post-production. This book, from award-winning Sound Designer Kahra Scott-James, encourages you to incorporate sound into your pre-production planning, to make the most of this powerful narrative tool.
Adopting a specific framework in order to help demystify sound design for moving image, the book isn't designed as a sound engineering handbook, but as a guide for moving image content creators wanting to explore sound and collaborate with sound designers. Regardless of medium, the same, or similar concepts can be adopted, adapted, and applied to any project employing sound.
Includes detailed and insightful interviews with leading sound designers, including Randy Thom, Director of Sound Design at Skywalker Sound, and Glenn Kiser, Director of the Dolby Institute, as well as practical projects to help you hone your skills using video and sound files available from the companion website -https://www.bloomsbury.com/cw/sound-design-for-moving-image
- making this is a complete sound course to take you from novice skills to confident practitioner.
Tales of an Ancient Whisperer (2018)
Authors: Te Sahar 
Published: September 2020

In the fall of 2017, I found a series of books with the title Lands and Peoples at the University of Toronto Swap Shop. I went through the illustrations in the books and stared at the images featuring palm trees for longer than I would usually spend on any image.
After that, I started to notice the consistent presence of the palm in different contexts. It was “the image” of the date palm that became the centre of my attention and that triggered memories of my personal encounters with the date palm and its fruit.
Flashback to my grandfather’s burial and every funeral I have ever been to in Iran…
Memories! Not only of my own, but collective memories. I remembered many stories that directly involved dates. There were flashbacks perhaps shaped by my personal memories, those of others, and from the media. I was unable to tell them apart; deep-seeded roots of history.
During the winter of 2017, I gathered as much information as I possibly could about the date palm. In early spring of 2018, I bought a box of “Oriental Dates” from an Iranian market in North York, Ontario. I planted the “Oriental Date” seeds and they germinated within three weeks. A month after that, the first seed sprouted. A thousand different possibilities were shaped…
Intergenerational implications of alcohol intake: metabolic disorders in alcohol-naïve rat offspring
Authors: Mierzejewski Pawel , Zakrzewska Alicja , Kuczyńska Julita , Wyszogrodzka Edyta , Dominiak Monika 
Published: September 2020

Alcohol drinking may be associated with an increased risk of various metabolic diseases. Rat lines selectively bred for alcohol preference and alcohol avoidance constitute an interesting model to study inherited factors related to alcohol drinking and metabolic disorders. The aim of the present study was to compare the levels of selected laboratory biomarkers of metabolic disorders in blood samples from naïve offspring of Warsaw alcohol high-preferring (WHP), Warsaw alcohol low-preferring (WLP), and wild Wistar rats. Blood samples were collected from 3-month old (300–350 g) alcohol-naïve, male offspring of WHP (n = 8) and WLP rats (n = 8), as well as alcohol-naïve, male, wild Wistar rats. Markers of metabolic, hepatic, and pancreatic disorders were analysed (levels of homocysteine, glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides andγ-glutamyl transferase (GGT), aspartate (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and amylase serum activities). Alcohol-naïve offspring of WHP, WLP, and wild Wistar rats differed significantly in the levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, homocysteine, as well as in the activity of GGT, ALT, AST, and amylase enzymes. Most markers in the alcohol-naïve offspring of WHP rats were altered even thought they were never exposed to alcohol pre- or postnatally. This may suggest that parental alcohol abuse can have a detrimental influence on offspring vulnerability to metabolic disorders.
Effect of Afforestation of Arabica Coffee on the Physical and Sensorial Quality of the Bean
Authors: Souza I. I. de M. , Araújo E. da S. , Jaeggi M. E. P. C. , Simão J. B. P. , Rouws J. R. C. , Souza M. N. 
Published: September 2020

Brazil is a world leader in coffee production, however, the quality of the grain differs between the different production systems, which influences the price paid for the product in the national and international market.
Aims: Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the influence of Arabica coffee afforestation on the physical and sensorial quality of the bean.
Methodology: The study was carried out in the Caparaó region, which involves part of the Espírito Santo state region and another part of the Minas Gerais state, Brazil. For the experiment, nine properties with of coffee. Catuaí vermelho IAC-44 was cultivated in two different situations: a plot of land on the full sole and another of wooded land. In each property, two samples were collected, one per area, representing the coffee in full sun and the other the wooded coffee, and in one of the properties samples were collected in two different areas of wooded coffee. Thus, in total, nine samples of crops in full sun and 10 of forest crops with different species were used, such as cedar, eucalyptus, palm heart, polyculture (characterized by shading with species of fruit and wood) and bananas. The samples consisted of seven liters of cherry coffee, selectively harvested, in the middle third of 20 randomly chosen plants.
Results: The results showed that the quality of the coffee, physical and sensorial, is influenced by the cultivation system (wooded and in full sun), the degree of influence depends on the type of companion plant.
Conclusion: Systems in forest crops with cedar and eucalyptus showed the least number of defects in raw beans and the highest proportion of flat beans (% CG). Treatment of wooded coffee with polyculture showed a higher percentage of coarse mocha (% MG). The cultivation of forested coffee with polyculture has an even better sensory quality, compared to the other treatments studied.
Assessment of Antioxidant Effects of Aqueous, Ethanolic and Methanolic Extracts of Morus mesozygia Linn. Stapf., Leaves in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats
Authors: Joshua Marcella Tari , Nwachuku Edna O. , Boisa N. , Nduka Nsirim 
Published: September 2020

Aim: The aim of this study was therefore to assess the antioxidant effects of aqueous, ethanolic and methanolic extracts of Morus mesozygia Linn. Stapf., Leaves in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats.
Study Design: The study is an experimental case-controlled study.
Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out at the Biochemistry Research Laboratory, University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria, between June 2018-April 2019.
Methodology: A total of 65 male albino rats that weighed between 150g to 200g were used for this research study. Three different extracted solvents; aqueous, ethanolic and methanolic leaves extracts were administered to different groups of the rats. The male albino rats for this study were induced with a single dose of 40mg/kg b.wt, intraperitoneally of streptozotocin in 0.1M of citrate buffer, pH 4.5. The diabetic male rats were those whose fasting blood glucose (FBG) were from 250 mg/dl or 13 mmol/L and above.
Results: The results showed that there were significant increases in the levels of superoxide dismutase(SOD,411.8±1.49) ng/ml, total antioxidant status (TAS,75.25±0.42) mU/ml, total oxidant status (TOS,353.51± 6.07) mU/ml activity, an oxidative stress index of 4.69±0.05 and a reduced concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA of 19.0± 1.49 mmol/L) when rats were treated with 400mg/kg of aqueous leaves of Morus mesozygia Linn. S., when compared with those of rats treated with 200mg/kg of aqueous leaf extracts of MMLS. Other methods of extractions (methanolic and ethanolic), also improved the antioxidant statuses of the diabetes induced and treated rats.
Conclusion: Methanolic, ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Morus mesozygia Linn. S ameliorated oxidative stress, in Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, with the methanolic extract showing the most potent effect.
Pseudo‐Bonding and Electric‐Field Harmony for Li‐Rich Mn‐Based Oxide Cathode
Authors: Chen Jun , Zou Guoqiang , Deng Wentao , Huang Zhaodong , Gao Xu , Liu Cheng , Yin Shouyi , Liu Huanqing , Deng Xinglan , Tian Ye , Li Jiayang , Wang Chiwei , Wang Di , Wu Hanwen , Yang Li , Hou Hongshuai , Ji Xiaobo 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe practical application of Li‐rich Mn‐based oxide cathode is predominately retarded by the capacity decline and voltage fading, associated with the structure distortion and anionic redox reactions. Here, a linkage‐functionalized modification approach to tackle these challenges via a synchronous lithium oxidation strategy is reported. The doping of Ce in the bulk phase activates the pseudo‐bonding effect, effectively stabilizing the lattice oxygen evolution and suppressing the structure distortion. Interestingly, it also induces the formation of spinel phase Li4Mn5O12 in the subsurface, which in turn constructs the phase boundaries, thereby arousing the interior self‐built‐in electric field to prevent the outward migration of bulk oxygen anions and boost the charge transfer. Moreover, the formed coating layer Li2CeO3 with oxygen vacancies accelerates Li+ diffusion and mitigates electrolyte cauterization. The corresponding cathode exhibits superior long‐cycle stability after 300 cycles with only a 0.013% capacity drop and 1.76 mV voltage decay per cycle. This work sheds new light on the development of Li‐rich Mn‐based oxide cathodes toward high energy density applications.
Direct Detection of Ultraweak CO Signal with Cavity Plasmon by Resonant Vibration–Plasmon Coupling
Authors: Yang Da‐Jie 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDirect, instant, and quantitative detection of molecules is highly desirable, however, optical detection of dilute gas molecules in the single molecular limit is extremely challenging. According to a recent experiment, a thin CO molecule layer will be absorbed at the edge of a metallic nanoparticle when the particle is exposed to CO environment; therefore, optical sensor becomes possible with such a layer. Here, a prototype plasmonic sensor for direct CO molecules detection based on the vibrational coupling to the surface plasmon polariton resonance in a finite metal/insulator/metal (MIM) nanocavity is proposed and investigated. Thanks to the ultrahigh spectral sensitivity of the cavity plasmon and its enhanced coupling to the CO stretch vibration, the single‐layered molecules in the cavity split the plasmon resonance in its optical spectra. The molecular signal is amplified by up to three orders of magnitude, giving a detection limit of ≈800 molecules, which lowers down the detection limit of molecule numbers by more than three orders of magnitude than the traditional surface plasmon‐based sensors. In the investigation, analytical vibration/cavity–plasmon coupling model developed herein agrees well with the numerical results. The study offers a promising way toward small molecule detection with plasmonic sensors.
Transition‐Metal‐Free C‐S Bond Forming Strategy towards Synthesis of Highly Diverse Pyrazole Tethered Benzothiazoles: Investigation of their Photophysical Properties
Authors: Sharma Shubham , Malakar Chandi C. , Singh Virender 
Published: September 2020

AbstractA metal‐free domino approach has been devised towards construction of two C−S bonds for the synthesis of bioactive N, S‐heterocycles. The developed method was extended for the preparation of structurally diverse pyrazole tethered benzothiazole frameworks by using one‐pot operation of pyrazole C‐3/4/5 carbaldehydes, electron rich aromatic amines and elemental sulfur. This protocol provides excellent fluorophores with several additional advantages such as transition metal‐free approach, inexpensive and odorless sulfur source, superior atom economy, and broad substrate scope including gram scale synthesis. The synthesized pyrazole tethered benzothiazole fluorophores were evaluated for their luminescent properties including absorbance, excitation, emission, molar extinction coefficient, brightness, and Stokes shift. The photophysical studies revealed that these pyrazole and benzothiazole hybrids emerged as excellent fluorophores and could exhibit fluorescence quantum yield up to 66%.
Polyvinyl alcohol/multi‐walledcarbon nanotubes nanocomposites with ordered macroporous structures prepared byice‐templating
Authors: Guimarães Raul , Lapér Miguel L. , de Castro Vinícius G. , Silva Glaura G. , Xavier Ludmila G. O. , Matencio Tulio , Houmard Manuel , Nunes Eduardo H. M. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe demonstrate in this study that it is possible to prepare three‐dimensionally ordered macroporous polymer structures by ice‐templating. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) was used as a model system in this study, but the processing route proposed here can be applied to other polymer systems. Multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were incorporated into the PVA matrix at concentrations up to 12 wt% to investigate the influence of this addition on the mechanical and electrical properties of the obtained scaffolds. Different freezing routes were used, namely unidirectional, radial, and bidirectional freezing. The addition of MWCNTs had a strengthening effect on the scaffolds, especially when added at loadings around 2 wt%. Samples prepared by unidirectional freezing displayed larger mechanical stability, but materials derived from radial and bidirectional freezing showed a higher electrical conductivity. The obtained materials exhibited apparent porosity above 85%, which can be of great interest in many applications.
Two simple and rapid methods based on maximum diameter accurately estimate large lesion volumes in acute stroke
Authors: Kufner Anna , Stief Jonas , Siegerink Bob , Nolte Christian , Endres Matthias , Fiebach Jochen B. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundWe compared two simple and rapid diameter‐based methods (ABC/2, od‐value) in terms of their accuracy in predicting lesion volume >70 ml and >100 ml.MethodsIn 238 DWI images of ischemic stroke patients from the AXIS2 trial, maximum lesion diameter and corresponding maximum orthogonal diameter were measured. Estimation of infarct volume based on od‐value and ABC/2 calculation was compared to volumetric assessments.ResultsAccuracy of od‐value and ABC/2 was similar for >70 ml (92.0 vs. 87.4) and >100 ml (92.9 vs. 93.3). ABC/2 overestimated lesion volume by 29.9%, resulting in a lower specificity.ConclusionsOd‐value is a robust tool for patient selection in trials.
Serum N‐Glycome analysis reveals pancreatic cancer disease signatures
Authors: Vreeker Gerda C. M. , Hanna‐Sawires Randa G. , Mohammed Yassene , Bladergroen Marco R. , Nicolardi Simone , Dotz Viktoria , Nouta Jan , Bonsing Bert A. , Mesker Wilma E. , van der Burgt Yuri E. M. , Wuhrer Manfred , Tollenaar Rob A. E. M. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackground &AimsPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive cancer type with loco‐regional spread that makes the tumor surgically unresectable. Novel diagnostic tools are needed to improve detection of PDAC and increase patient survival. In this study we explore serum protein N‐glycan profiles from PDAC patients with regard to their applicability to serve as a disease biomarker panel.MethodsTotal serum N‐glycome analysis was applied to a discovery set (86 PDAC cases/84 controls) followed by independent validation (26 cases/26 controls) using in‐house collected serum specimens. Protein N‐glycan profiles were obtained using ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry and included linkage‐specific sialic acid information. N‐glycans were relatively quantified and case‐control classification performance was evaluated based on glycosylation traits such as branching, fucosylation, and sialylation.ResultsIn PDAC patients a higher level of branching (OR 6.19, P‐value 9.21 × 10−11) and (antenna)fucosylation (OR 13.27, P‐value 2.31 × 10−9) of N‐glycans was found. Furthermore, the ratio of α2,6‐ vs α2,3‐linked sialylation was higher in patients compared to healthy controls. A classification model built with three glycosylation traits was used for discovery (AUC 0.88) and independent validation (AUC 0.81), with sensitivity and specificity values of 0.85 and 0.71 for the discovery set and 0.75 and 0.72 for the validation set.ConclusionSerum N‐glycome analysis revealed glycosylation differences that allow classification of PDAC patients from healthy controls. It was demonstrated that glycosylation traits rather than single N‐glycan structures obtained in this clinical glycomics study can serve as a basis for further development of a blood‐based diagnostic test.
Correlates of affective empathy, perspective taking, and generativity among a sample of adults
Authors: Versey H. Shellae , Kakar Saakshi A. , John‐Vanderpool Simone D. , Sanni Mubarak O. , Willems Paul S. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPrevious research suggests that empathy can be cultivated by social ideals and relationships with people. The current study examines family importance and religious importance as correlates of affective empathy, perspective taking, and generativity among a sample of adults aged 18 to 35 (N = 722). Given the ethnic and racial diversity represented by Millennials and Generation Z, the moderating role of racial group membership is explored as well. Results indicate that family importance is positively associated with affective empathy, perspective taking, and generativity for the overall sample, though the relationship is particularly strong for non‐Hispanic whites. Religious importance is significantly related to affective empathy and generativity (not perspective taking), primarily among Black, Indigenous, and/or People of Color. Due to the increasing visibility of victimization towards socially vulnerable groups, it is important to understand how attitudes oriented towards helping and empathizing with others are fostered. Implications for further research are discussed.
Native woodland establishment improves soil hydrological functioning in UK upland pastoral catchments
Authors: Murphy Thomas R. , Hanley Mick E. , Ellis Jon S. , Lunt Paul H. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractExtreme rainfall and flood events are predicted to increase in frequency and severity as a consequence of anthropogenic climate change. In UK upland areas, historical over‐grazing and associated soil compaction have further exacerbated peak flood levels and flash‐flood risk along many river catchments. As a result, the reinstatement of upland woodland is increasingly seen as a key component of an integrated suite of options forming part of natural flood management (NFM) associated with a 'public money for public goods' approach to European agriculture. Nevertheless, understanding the impact of native woodland establishment on upland soil hydrology remains relatively poor. We compare physical and hydrological properties from the surface soils of establishing woodland and grazed pasture across four flood vulnerable upland headwater catchments in Dartmoor National Park, SW England. We show upland native woodland establishment is a viable soil recovery option, with a doubling of soil saturated hydraulic conductivity, increased 'wetness threshold' and reduced surface soil compaction and bulk density within 15 years of establishment. Our study supports the establishment of native woodland as an effective tool to improve the hydrological functioning of soils in upland pastoral catchments and the provision of flash‐flood mitigation 'ecosystem services'. We caution, however, that land managers and policymakers must consider past and present management, soil type and catchment location when planning new NFM schemes if environmental benefits are to be maximised and 'public money for public goods, are to be commensurate with outcomes.
The Anionic Phospholipids of Bovine Pulmonary Surfactant
Authors: Markin Catherine J. , Hall Stephen B. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe only known compositional change in the phospholipids (PL) of pulmonary surfactant in response to a physiologic stimulus occurs around the time of birth. In most species, the predominant anionic PL changes from phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) to phosphatidylglycerol (PtdGro). Because prior studies have shown that the change in the headgroup itself is functionally insignificant, we tested the hypothesis that the PtdIns and PtdGro contain different diacyl pairs. Experiments used electrospray‐ionization mass spectrometry to determine the molecular species in PtdIns, PtdGro, and phosphatidylcholine (PtdCho) in surfactant from newborn calves and cows. The profiles for the two anionic PL were distinct. The PtdIns contained long, unsaturated fatty acid chains and no disaturated species. The PtdGro more closely resembled the profile from PtdCho. For each headgroup, the molecular species for calf and cow were similar. The differences between the two anionic PL indicate that the switch from PtdIns to PtdGro during maturation involves more than simple substitution of the headgroup, and suggest that the functional significance of the shift may reflect the different pool of diacyl pairs.
Presenting an atlas of Hunner lesions in interstitial cystitis which can be identified with office cystoscopy
Authors: Ronstrom Carrie , Lai H. Henry 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAimTo assist clinicians in proper visual diagnosis of Hunner lesions by providing an atlas of representative images of the variability in Hunner lesion appearance.MethodsAvailable cystoscopic images of Hunner lesions were reviewed from patients with interstitial cystitis or bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) treated by a single clinician between 2011 and 2020. For most patients, initial cystoscopy was performed in the office under local anesthesia. Images were categorized by variations in appearance. Data including Hunner lesion descriptions and patient demographics were retrospectively collected from the medical record. Only patients who had images available, received triamcinolone injection and/or fulguration of Hunner lesions, and reported improvement of their symptoms following treatment were included in the atlas.ResultsThirty‐one IC/BPS patients with Hunner lesions had cystoscopic images available for review. We created an atlas of representative images. Variations in appearance include classic lesions with or without a central coagulum, inflamed lesions, non‐inflamed lesions, groupings of lesions, and lesions with a red waterfall bleeding appearance.ConclusionThere is variation in cystoscopic appearance of Hunner lesions. Most Hunner lesions can be identified during office visits using flexible cystoscopy and local anesthesia without hydrodistention or general anesthesia. Proper visual diagnosis of Hunner lesions is of upmost importance as these patients with IC/BPS respond greatly to endoscopic intervention. This atlas will serve as a reference for clinicians and researchers, so they are able to better identify and manage these patients.