bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dental‐related function in individuals with stroke: A confirmatory factor analysis of the dental activities test
Authors: Liu Wen , Chen Xi , Yuan Dong , Guo Cui , Wang Yue , Zhang Qianqian , Song Dandan 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAimsThe dental activities test (DAT), designed to assess individuals’ ability to perform oral health‐related activities, was initially tested among 90 assisted living residents with normal to severely impaired cognition. This study aimed to examine the reliability (internal consistency), convergent validity, and structural validity of DAT among individuals with stroke.Methods and ResultsThis study was a secondary analysis of data collected for a cross‐sectional study that aimed to understand oral disease patterns among 207 individuals with stroke from three hospitals in China. Convergent validity was examined using Spearman's Correlation coefficient (rs) for correlation between DAT scores and the assessments of physical function and cognition. Structural validity was examined using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). The DAT demonstrated good estimates for internal consistency (Kuder Richardson‐20 = 0.85, 95% confidence of interval [CI] = 0.82, 0.88), convergent validity (rs range: 0.43‐0.61, all P < .001), and good structural validity with a one‐factor structure.ConclusionFindings supported the reliability and validity of DAT as a unidimensional construct in measuring the ability to perform oral health‐related activities in persons with stroke. Further testing among different patient populations and care settings is needed to accumulate evidence and expand the use of the test.
“Do as I do, not as I say”: Using social learning theory to unpack the impact of role models on students' outcomes in education
Authors: Ahn Janet N. , Hu Danfei , Vega Melissa 
Published: December 2019

AbstractRole modeling has received much attention in education research, uncovering the mechanisms by which imitation occurs (e.g., the aspects of role models that make them more or less effective) and identifying the outcomes associated upon imitating the model. Nonetheless, certain social‐cognitive processes involved in role modeling tend to be overlooked. This oversight is puzzling given that these processes, such as retention and reproduction of modeled behavior, are of great importance to role modeling processes—the consideration and inclusion of such processes can provide crucial insight. This paper provides an overview of the role model research in education to date, detailing researchers' focus and emphasis on identifying aspects of role model effectiveness. We then analyze how including the component processes of social learning or observational theory can add value and application to advance role modeling research. Finally, we provide recommendations to close the gap between current research trends and what has been previously theorized on modeling to help inform ongoing future investigations.
The Importance of Consociationalism for Twenty‐First Century Politics and Political Science
Authors: Bogaards Matthijs , Helms Ludger , Lijphart Arend 
Published: December 2019

AbstractFive decades after the term consociationalism made its debut in the comparative politics of divided societies, the huge body of international literature it has sparked continues to grow. In an era of populism and polarization, interest in the many facets of consociationalism is at an all‐time high. This introduction to the special issue of Half a Century of Consociationalism: Cases and Comparisons gives an impression of the contemporary state of the consociational research agenda. In addition, the introduction suggests some potentially rewarding new avenues, such as leadership studies, and cautions against the conflation of consociationalism and power sharing. It also voices some skepticism about the suggested promise of large N‐quantitative studies in a field still dominated by case‐based research. Overall, the introduction and the contributions to this special issue demonstrate the importance of consociationalism for twenty‐first century politics and political science – empirically, normatively, and prescriptively.
Cohomology of generalized configuration spaces
Authors: Petersen Dan 
Published: December 2019

Let $X$ be a topological space. We consider certain generalized configuration spaces of points on $X$, obtained from the cartesian product $X^{n}$ by removing some intersections of diagonals. We give a systematic framework for studying the cohomology of such spaces using what we call ‘twisted commutative dg algebra models’ for the cochains on $X$. Suppose that $X$ is a ‘nice’ topological space, $R$ is any commutative ring, $H_{c}^{\bullet }(X,R)\rightarrow H^{\bullet }(X,R)$ is the zero map, and that $H_{c}^{\bullet }(X,R)$ is a projective $R$-module. We prove that the compact support cohomology of any generalized configuration space of points on $X$ depends only on the graded $R$-module $H_{c}^{\bullet }(X,R)$. This generalizes a theorem of Arabia.
A Glass Platelet Coating on Battery Electrodes and Its Use as a Separator for Lithium-Ion Batteries
Authors: Schadeck Ulrich , Gerdes Thorsten , Krenkel Walter , Moos Ralf 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
A new type of separator for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) has been developed using ultrathin micrometer-sized sodium borosilicate glass platelets coated directly on a battery electrode with a water-based binder. The coating process is described in detail, demonstrating coating thicknesses of the glass separator of less than 50 µm. The high-temperature stability has been investigated and it has been shown that the separator is dimensionally stable to at least 600 °C. With regard to the electrochemical performance, full-cell tests on graphite || lithium iron phosphate cells showed a very good behavior, according to which comparable properties of the electrode/separator compound to a commercial polymer-based separator were achieved. This glass separator/electrode composite shows an interesting property profile and is a temperature-stable alternative to conventional polymer-based separators.
Synthesis of Bi2S3/MoS2 Nanorods and Their Enhanced Electrochemical Performance for Aluminum Ion Batteries
Authors: Zhao Shimeng , Li Jialin , Chen Haixia , Zhang Jianxin 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Rechargeable aluminum ion batteries (AIBs) have attracted much attention because of their high charge density, low cost, and low flammability. Transition metal sulfides are a class of cathode materials that have been extensively studied. In this report, Bi2S3 nanorods and Bi2S3/MoS2 nanorods were synthesized by the hydrothermal method as new type of cathode materials for rechargeable AIBs. The diameter of Bi2S3/MoS2 nanorods is 20–100 nm. The Bi2S3 nanorods display high initial charge and discharge capacities of 343.3 and 251 mA h/g with a current density of 1 A/g. The static cycling for the Bi2S3/MoS2 nanorods electrode at 1 A/g denotes high stability with a specific capacity of 132.9 mA h/g after 100 cycles. The charging voltage platform of Bi2S3 nanorods and Bi2S3/MoS2 nanorods is at 1.1–1.4 V, and the discharge voltage platform is at around 0.8 V. The well-defined heterojunction maintains the stability of the Bi2S3 structure during long-term cycling, which is desirable for aluminum ion batteries. This strategy reveals new insights for designing cathode materials of high-performance AIBs.
Uncertainties of Ship Speed Loss Evaluation Under Real Weather Conditions
Authors: Prpić-Oršić Jasna , Sasa Kenji , Valčić Marko , Faltinsen Odd Magnus 
Published: December 2019

AbstractA correct assessment of the ship speed loss in conditions of operation is becoming increasingly important for ship owners as well as ship designers. We are witnessing increasing concern for the environment and awareness of the necessity to preserve it as much as we could. The ship speed drop in the real environmental conditions can cause increased fuel consumption as well as increased emissions of CO2 and other greenhouse gases (GHGs) from ships. Decrease in the ship speed in real conditions is a consequence of the added resistance due to the impact of weather conditions and due to aggravated propeller working conditions. Moreover, the solution estimation of this problem is very much affected by human factors. Ship master, concerning for safety, can make a judgment that under certain adverse weather loads, it is necessary to slowdown or change ship's course to moderate or bypass the worst condition. In addition, the loading condition of the ship is constantly changing, which governs the basic parameters of the ship: the mass and mass moment of inertia, draft and trim and, consequently, the ship behavior at sea. All these parameters affect the assessment of ship speed, and it is necessary to be conscious of the intensity of their impact on the final value. At the same time, they cannot be predicted with absolute certainty, so the purpose of this analysis is to estimate the impact of weather and operational uncertainties on the actual speed of the ship in real operating conditions.
Can Wear Completely Suppress Thermoelastic Instabilities?
Authors: Papangelo Antonio , Ciavarella Michele 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Thermoelastic instabilities (TEI) occur in sliding bodies at sufficiently high speed because a small thermoelastic disturbance tends to localize the contact, leading to “hot spots.” The role that wear plays in TEI has been studied briefly and only on highly idealized cases. We extend and complete in detail a model of Dow and Burton who studied the specific configuration of a blade sliding on a rigid half-space normal to its line of contact. We find there is a limit value of wear coefficient that can be estimated by simple equations, above which TEI is completely eliminated. In the limiting case of non-conducting half-space, it depends linearly on thermal expansion, diffusivity, and friction coefficient and inversely on the conductance of the material of the sliding body. This may not always be in the practical range, but when considering conductance of the half-space, the limit wear can be lowered arbitrarily so as to be viable. In some applications, it may be possible to increase wear to reduce or suppress TEI. Hence, the common assumption of neglecting wear in simulations of sliding contacts with TEI and hotspots should be taken with care, and the present results give some important benchmarks.
Sport Psychology Consultants’ Reflections on the Role of Humor: “It’s Like Having Another Skill in Your Arsenal”
Authors: Pack Stephen , Arvinen-Barrow Monna , Winter Stacy , Hemmings Brian 
Published: December 2019

Previous research demonstrates that sport psychology consultants use humor to facilitate working alliances, reinforce client knowledge, and create healthy learning environments. The current study sought to gain further insights into consultants’ reflections on the role of humor, humor styles, purposes for humor, and experiences of humor use. Forty-eight sport psychology consultants completed an online survey comprising open-ended questions. Thematic analysis revealed four themes: “It’s the way I tell ’em,” “It’s the way I don’t tell ’em,” “This is why I tell ’em,” and learning to use humor in consultancy. Participants used 2 styles of humor (deadpan and self-deprecating), each with the goal of facilitating the working alliance. Although not all participants used humor during consultancy, its incorporation might render the working alliance and real relationship as resources in ways (e.g., a “barometer” that predicts consultancy outcomes) previously not considered in applied sport psychology.
Identification of a new source for the Triassic Langjiexue Group: Evidence from a gabbro-diorite complex in the Gangdese magmatic belt and zircon microstructures from sandstones in the Tethyan Himalaya, southern Tibet
Authors: Ma Xuxuan , Xu Zhiqin , Zhao Zhongbao , Yi Zhiyu 
Published: December 2019

AbstractConsiderable debate persists as to the Triassic paleogeographic framework of the Neotethys and the origin of the Late Triassic Langjiexue Group in the Tethyan Himalaya. Triassic magmatic rocks in the Gangdese belt and Late Triassic Langjiexue sediments play a pivotal role in addressing these issues. Geochronological, petrological, and geochemical analyses have been performed on the Middle Triassic gabbro-diorite complex (with crystallization ages of ca. 244–238 Ma) from the Gangdese belt. These plutonic rocks are characterized by relatively low MgO and high Al2O3 contents, calc-alkaline trends, and depletion of Nb, Ta, and Ti, resembling low-MgO high-alumina basalts or basaltic andesites. These plutonic rocks exhibit depleted whole-rock εNd(t) values of ∼+5 and zircon εHf(t) values peaking at ∼+14. These features resemble those of rocks in a subduction-related arc setting.We also completed detrital zircon U-Pb dating and microstructure analysis for the sandstones of the Langjiexue Group in the Tethyan Himalaya. Zircon grains with ages &gt;300 Ma are dominated by preweathered and weathered surfaces as well as fairly rounded to completely rounded scales, indicating a high degree of polycyclicity. In contrast, 300–200 Ma ones are characterized by fresh surfaces and completely unrounded to poorly rounded scales, indicating nearby sources. Collectively, our data, combined with published results, support that the subduction initiation of the Neotethys began no later than the Middle Triassic. Arc-affinity magmatic rocks supplied some materials to the Langjiexue Group. This scenario sheds new light on the provenance of the Langjiexue Group and the Triassic paleogeography of the Neotethyan realm.
A double masked randomised 4-week, placebo-controlled study in the USA, Thailand and Taiwan to compare the efficacy of oral valganciclovir and topical 2% ganciclovir in the treatment of cytomegalovirus anterior uveitis: study protocol
Authors: Takhar Jaskirat S , Joye Ashlin S , Somkijrungroj Thanapong , Laovirojjanakul Wipada , Lin Chang-Ping , Lietman Thomas M , Porco Travis C , Keenan Jeremy D , Gebreegziabher Elisabeth A , Seitzman Gerami D , Rose-Nussbaumer Jennifer , Doan Thuy A , Acharya Nisha R , Gonzales John A 
Published: December 2019

IntroductionCytomegalovirus (CMV) anterior uveitis is a recognised cause of anterior uveitis in immunocompetent patients and is preventable cause of vision loss. Ocular sequelae include corneal endothelial damage which can cause corneal oedema and failure, as well as glaucoma. Recurrences of inflammation are common and therefore patients are often exposed to long-term therapy. Oral therapy is available in the form of valganciclovir, although with the caveat of systemic side effects such as bone marrow suppression and renal failure necessitating regular interval laboratory monitoring. Recent reports have demonstrated that topical 2% ganciclovir solution may offer promising treatment outcomes in patients with CMV anterior uveitis with superior safety, cost-effectiveness and convenience profiles. An investigation into the relative equipoise of these therapies is warranted for these reasons.Methods and analysisThe Systemic and Topical Control of Cytomegalovirus Anterior uveitis: Treatment Outcomes (STACCATO) trial is designed as a multicentre, block randomised by site, double-masked, placebo-controlled trial comparing the efficacy of oral valganciclovir, 2% topical ganciclovir and placebo in treating PCR-proven CMV anterior uveitis. Participant clinical evaluation will occur at three study time points by a masked study ophthalmologist over a 28-day period to assess resolution of ocular inflammation (secondary outcome). A control group will provide additional information about the possible impact that the infected host’s immune response may play in controlling local viral replication. The primary analysis is an analysis of covariance (three arms) correcting for baseline to compare quantitative CMV viral load in the anterior chamber (AC) aqueous fluid before and 7 days after treatment.Ethics and disseminationThe University of California San Francisco Committee on Human Research and the Khon Kaen University Institutional Review Board have given ethical approval. The results of this trial will be presented at local and international meetings and submitted for peer-reviewed journals for publication.Trial registration numberNCT03576898.
Initial evaluation of a virtual reality bomb-defusing simulator for development of undergraduate healthcare student communication and teamwork skills
Authors: Tidbury Laurence , Jarvis Kathryn , Bridge Pete 
Published: December 2019

Communication and teamworking skills are essential healthcare professional skills, yet undergraduates exhibit reluctance to engage with group work, especially in interprofessional groups. The aim of the study was to investigate whether a virtual reality bomb-defusing simulator would enable students to gain these skills through an enjoyable and challenging scenario without profession-specific knowledge. Students took it in turns to play the role of the ‘Defuser’ immersed in a headset, while the rest of the group were ‘Experts’ with a printed manual, but no sight of the bomb. The task challenged students to relay obscure symbols and instructions to each other rapidly and effectively. A subsequent focus group explored the impact of the simulation on students’ perceived learning, engagement and communication skills. The focus group of five multiprofessional healthcare students reported high levels of engagement and satisfaction while highlighting value in developing communication and teamwork. The simulator nurtured initial group dynamics and team bonding. Evaluation data indicated that the intervention facilitated cooperation, team bonding and the development of good communication skills. This method of encouraging communication would fit well into an interprofessional learning session as a useful tool ahead of more technical and clinically based group work.The focus group of five multiprofessional healthcare students reported high levels of engagement and satisfaction while highlighting value in developing communication and teamwork. The simulator nurtured initial group dynamics and team bonding.
Simulated storage causes carbohydrate loss and rooting differences in two poinsettia cultivars
Authors: Jahnke Nathan J. , Dole John M. , Ashrafi Hamid 
Published: December 2019

Unrooted cuttings of ‘Prestige Red’ and ‘White Star’ poinsettias (Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd. ex Klotzsch) were stored in a box at 10 °C for 0, 2, 4, 6 or 8 d to simulate shipping and holding. Visual root ratings decreased following ≥4 d of storage but did not differ from the non-stored cuttings. Root rating of ‘White Star’ was 0.5 higher and cuttings maintained higher fructose and glucose concentrations compared to ‘Prestige Red’. Glucose (r2 = 0.4824) followed by fructose plus glucose (r2 = 0.4222) were the best predictors of rooting. Carbohydrate maintenance may be an indicator of storage tolerant and better-rooting cultivars.
Stress corrosion property of 304 stainless steel and Q345 steel laser-MAG hybrid welded joints
Authors: Lv Hang , Gou Guoqing , Fu Zhenghong , Gao Wei 
Published: December 2019

The stress corrosion cracking (SCC) property of laser-MAG hybrid welded 304 stainless steel and Q345 steel was evaluated through cycle-immersion testing in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution. The average SCC crack propagation rate of different zones under different initial stress intensity factors was calculated, and the SCC fracture and crack propagation path were observed. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the weld joint have also been examined. The result indicates that the fusion zone (FZ) is extremely prone to SCC. The average SCC crack propagation rate in FZ is [Formula: see text] mm/h, while no obvious SCC was found in the base metal (BM) and heat-affected zone (HAZ). The steel BM and HAZ may also suffer SCC, but not as fast as in FZ. Grooves caused by SCC were found on the fracture surface with a large amount of corrosion products accumulated close to the interface between the pre-crack section and SCC section. Crystallized-sugar-shaped pattern was found on the SCC zone of FZ. Crack jumping, deflection and crack closure occurred in the crack propagation path. Martensite on the FZ was considered to be the major reason that the FZ has a higher SCC propagation rate.
Simulation analysis of functional MoSe2layer for ultra-thin Cu(In,Ga)Se2solar cells architecture
Authors: Alzoubi Tariq , Moustafa Mohamed 
Published: December 2019

The influence of Molybdenum diselenide transition metal dichalcogenide material (p-type MoSe2TMDC) as an interfacial layer between the ultra-thin Cu (In, Ga)Se2(CIGS) absorber layer, with thickness less than 500[Formula: see text]nm, and molybdenum back contact was studied using SCAPS-1D simulation package. The possible effects of the p-MoSe2layer on the electrical properties and the photovoltaic parameters of the CIGS thin-film solar cells have been investigated. Band gap energy, carrier concentration, and the layer thickness of the p-MoSe2were varied in this study. The optimum band gap is found to be of 1.3 eV. Interfacial layers of thicknesses less than 200 nm have been found to cause deterioration for the overall cell performance. This might be attributed to the increase in the back-contact recombination current and the reduction of the built-in potential at p-MoSe2/CIGS junction. Furthermore, the MoSe2layer would form the so-called back surface field (BSF), due to the associated wider band gap with respect to that of CIGS absorber layer. Additionally, the simulation of the I–V characteristic showed a higher slope which implies that MoSe2layer at the CIGS/Mo interface acts in a beneficial way on the CIGS/Mo hetero-contact adapting it from Schottky type contact to quasi-ohmic contact. The conversion efficiency has increased significantly from 14.61% to 22.08%, without and with the MoSe2layer, respectively. These findings are very promising for future high performance and cost-effective solar cell devices.
Min3: Predict microRNA target gene using an improved binding-site representation method and support vector machine
Authors: Huang Tinghua , Huang Xiali , Yao Min 
Published: December 2019

MicroRNAs are single-stranded noncoding RNAs known to down-regulate target genes at the protein or mRNA level. Computational prediction of targets is essential for elucidating the detailed functions of microRNA. However, prediction specificity and sensitivity of the existing algorithms still need to be improved to generate useful hypotheses for subsequent experimental testing. A new microRNA binding-site representation method was developed, which uses four symbols “[Formula: see text]”, “:”, “[Formula: see text]”, and “[Formula: see text]” (indicating paired, unpaired, insertion, and bulge, respectively) to represent the status of each nucleotide base pair in the microRNA binding site. New features were established with the information of every two adjacent symbols. There are 12 possible combinations and the frequency of each defines a set of novel and useful features. A comprehensive training dataset is constructed for mammalian microRNAs with positive targets obtained from the microRNA target depository in the miRTarbase, while negative targets were derived from pseudo-microRNA bindings. An SVM model was established using the training dataset and a new software called Min3 was developed. Performance of Min3 was assessed with intensively studied examples of miR-155 and miR-92a. Prediction results showed that Min3 can discover 47% of experimental conformed targets on average. The overlapping is above 20% on average when compared with TargetScan and miRanda. Annotations of the public microRNA datasets showed that there is a negative effect (up-regulation) of the Min3 targets for the knock out/down of miR-155 and miR-92a. Six top ranked targets were selected for validation by wet-lab experiments, and five of them showed a regulation effect. The Min3 can be a good alternative to current microRNA target discovery software. This tool is available at https://sourceforge.net/projects/mirt3 .