bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A longitudinal study of SARS-CoV-2-infected patients reveals a high correlation between neutralizing antibodies and COVID-19 severity
Authors: Legros Vincent , Denolly Solène , Vogrig Manon , Boson Bertrand , Siret Eglantine , Rigaill Josselin , Pillet Sylvie , Grattard Florence , Gonzalo Sylvie , Verhoeven Paul , Allatif Omran , Berthelot Philippe , Pélissier Carole , Thiery Guillaume , Botelho-Nevers Elisabeth , Millet Guillaume , Morel Jérôme , Paul Stéphane , Walzer Thierry , Cosset François-Loïc , Bourlet Thomas , Pozzetto Bruno 
Published: January 2021

AbstractUnderstanding the immune responses elicited by SARS-CoV-2 infection is critical in terms of protection against reinfection and, thus, for public health policy and vaccine development for COVID-19. In this study, using either live SARS-CoV-2 particles or retroviruses pseudotyped with the SARS-CoV-2 S viral surface protein (Spike), we studied the neutralizing antibody (nAb) response in serum samples from a cohort of 140 SARS-CoV-2 qPCR-confirmed infections, including patients with mild symptoms and also more severe forms, including those that required intensive care. We show that nAb titers correlated strongly with disease severity and with anti-spike IgG levels. Indeed, patients from intensive care units exhibited high nAb titers; conversely, patients with milder disease symptoms had heterogeneous nAb titers, and asymptomatic or exclusive outpatient-care patients had no or low nAbs. We found that nAb activity in SARS-CoV-2-infected patients displayed a relatively rapid decline after recovery compared to individuals infected with other coronaviruses. Moreover, we found an absence of cross-neutralization between endemic coronaviruses and SARS-CoV-2, indicating that previous infection by human coronaviruses may not generate protective nAbs against SARS-CoV-2. Finally, we found that the D614G mutation in the spike protein, which has recently been identified as the current major variant in Europe, does not allow neutralization escape. Altogether, our results contribute to our understanding of the immune correlates of SARS-CoV-2-induced disease, and rapid evaluation of the role of the humoral response in the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 is warranted.
Botanical characteristics, phytochemistry and related biological activities of Rosa roxburghii Tratt fruit, and its potential use in functional foods: a review
Authors: Wang Li-Tao , Lv Mu-Jie , An Juan-Yan , Fan Xiao-Hong , Dong Ming-Zhu , Zhang Sun-Dong , Wang Jian-Dong , Wang Yan-Qiu , Cai Zi-Hui , Fu Yu-Jie 
Published: January 2021

Rosa roxburghii Tratt is a natural fruit that contains unique functional and nutritional constituents, which are characterised by a high anti-oxidant potential.
Sequential Sonogashira/intramolecular aminopalladation/cross-coupling of ortho-ethynyl-anilines catalyzed by a single palladium source: rapid access to 2,3-diarylindoles
Authors: Wang Jiwei , Wang Gendi , Cheng Xiang , Liu Ye , Zhang Jun 
Published: January 2021

An efficient one-pot protocol for the synthesis of 2,3-diarylindoles via Pd-catalyzed bis-arylative cyclization of o-ethynylanilines is reported. The present methodology exhibits a broad substrate scope, producing various 2,3-diaryl indoles.
MITO: a new directional muon telescope
Authors: Ayuso Sindulfo , Blanco Juan José , García Tejedor Juan Ignacio , Gómez Herrero Raúl , Vrublevskyy Iván , García Población Óscar , Medina José 
Published: January 2021

Muon telescopes are instruments devoted to the observation of muons. They are produced in the atmosphere by means of the interaction of cosmic ray and solar energetic particles with atmospheric nuclei. Muons, as cosmic rays that produce them, present non uniform arrival directions and temporal variations at ground level and, along certain observation directions, could forecast the arrival of interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) at the Earth, even earlier than neutron monitors. However, multidirectional muon telescopes are not easily affordable because of their complexity, size and cost. In this work, we present the muon impact tracer and observer (MITO) design concept. It is composed of only two stacked scintillators (1 m2) with an optional lead layer that allows the filtering of unwanted particles depending on the type of application. In the case presented here, a 10 cm lead layer corresponding to the lead of a 3NM64 neutron monitor around which MITO has been built. Eight photomultipliers (PMTs) gather the light emerging from the four lateral sides of the scintillators. MITO has been conceived not only to achieve muon flux registering, but also to register muon arrival directions through the capture and analysis of multiple PMT pulse height data. The number of scintillators and electronic components is reduced, simplifying its design and construction and reducing complexity, volume, weight, power consumption and cost, and thus, achieving a reasonable performance-cost ratio in comparison to other directional telescopes based on two-layer matrices. The first prototype was shipped from Spain to Antarctica where it is now recording data. Some preliminary results are also presented.
The Immature Granulocyte Count Is a New Predictor of the 30-Day Mortality in Intracerebral Haemorrhage Patients: Preliminary Study
Authors: Bedel Cihan , Korkut Mustafa , Selvi Fatih , Zortuk Ökkeş 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Objectives Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) accounts for 10 to 20% of all types of stroke and is associated with high mortality and morbidity rates. Neuroinflammation caused by intracerebral blood includes resident microglia activation, infiltration of systemic immune cells, and production of cytokines, chemokines, extracellular proteases, and reactive oxygen species. Despite several findings demonstrating that an immature granulocyte (IG) count can be a prognostic indicator as an inflammatory parameter in many diseases, no studies conducted on ICH patients are available in the literature. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between the 30-day mortality rate and the IG count obtained at the time of admission in ICH patients.
Methods Demographic characteristics and laboratory test results of patients, who were diagnosed with ICH and hospitalized accordingly upon arrival at the emergency ward in our tertiary care hospital in the period from January 2019 and December 2019, were recorded. The endpoint of the study was the examination of the relationship between the short-term mortality (within 30 days after hospitalization) and the IG count at admission.
Results Seventy patients, who met the inclusion criteria, were included in the study. Of these patients, 40 (57.1%) were males and the mean age was 68.04 ± 13.08 years. Patients with poor prognosis had higher IG counts (p = 0.001). The 30-day mortality rate was 33.3% (11/33) in the high IG count (≥0.6) group and 5.4% (2/37) in the low IG count (< 0.6) group (p = 0.004). In the regression analysis, we found out a significant relationship of the IG count to the 30-day mortality, with an odds ratio of 5.157(95% CI = 0.914–29.087, p = 0.029).
Conclusion An IG count can be obtained from a simple full blood count, is easy to apply, does not result in extra costs, and is used as a marker to predict the 30-day prognosis.
Cherubism: Report of a Case
Authors: Ram Sachin G. , Ajila Vidya , Babu Subhas G. , Shetty Pushparaja , Hegde Shruthi , Pillai Devika S. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractCherubism, also known as familial fibrous dysplasia of the jaws or familial multilocular cystic disease is a rare hereditary, developmental disorder. This condition affects the posterior region of the jaws bilaterally in children belonging to the age group of 2 to 5 years. Maximum growth is recorded till puberty after which the lesion regresses over a period of time. Cherubism classically manifests radiographically as bilateral, multilocular radiolucencies affecting the posterior mandible and maxilla. Therapeutic management varies from patient to patient and is directed mainly by esthetic and functional concerns. The present report highlights the clinical and radiographic features of nonfamilial cherubism in a 6-year-old girl.
Welfare solidarities in the age of mass migration: evidence from European Social Survey 2016
Authors: Gugushvili Dimitri , Ravazzini Laura , Ochsner Michael , Lukac Martin , Lelkes Orsolya , Fink Marcel , Grand Peter , van Oorschot Wim 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWelfare opinion research has traditionally viewed migration as a potential hazard for welfare solidarity. In this article, we argue that while increased presence of foreigners can indeed make some people less supportive of public welfare provision in general or trigger opposition to migrants’ social rights, the link between migration and solidarity is not universally a negative one. Instead, many people can combine support for migration with high preferences for comprehensive social protection; others can endorse migration while they are not particularly supportive of an all-encompassing welfare state. Based on this line of reasoning we construct a taxonomy of four ideal types of welfare solidarity that are present in contemporary European welfare states. To illustrate the usefulness of this heuristic tool, we apply Latent Class Factor Analysis to European Social Survey round 8 data. We find that the majority of Europeans (56%) combine strong support for both migration and the welfare state (extended solidarity). However, exclusive solidarity is also widely spread as over a quarter of respondents (28%) oppose migration while expressing strong support for the welfare state. People who oppose migration and have relatively low preference for the welfare state (diminished solidarity) represent a small minority (5%). A little more than a tenth (11%) of Europeans endorse migration, but express relatively low support for the welfare state, which we assume to be a reflection of cosmopolitan solidarity. Despite considerable variation in the incidence of the four solidarities across countries, the preference structure is the same for all. Further, we find that at the individual level, the propensity to hold one of these types of solidarities is influenced by social trust, citizenship and country of birth, financial situation, education, and residence type. However, the extent of migration and social spending do not appear to be related with the propensity of holding either type of solidarity as the liberal’s dilemma and the welfare chauvinism theories would predict.
Interface characterization of Al2O3/m-plane GaN structure
Authors: Kaneki Shota , Hashizume Tamotsu 
Published: January 2021

The interface properties of Al2O3/GaN structures fabricated on the homo-epitaxial m-plane GaN were investigated. An atomically flat surface with a root mean square roughness of 0.15 nm was observed for the m-plane GaN layer on a substrate inclined 5° toward the [000-1] direction. Even for the as-prepared sample, we obtained relatively low state densities of less than 3 × 1011 cm−2 eV−1 at the Al2O3/m-plane GaN interface. A possible mechanism for such low interface state densities was discussed in correlation with the Ga–N dimer on the m-plane GaN surface. The post-metallization annealing process at 300 °C realized excellent capacitance–voltage (C–V) characteristics without frequency dispersion, further lowering state densities to 1.0 × 1010 cm−2 eV−1–2.0 × 1010 cm−2 eV−1. In addition, the present Al2O3/m-plane GaN diode showed stable interface properties at high temperatures. Neither the flatband-voltage shift nor the frequency dispersion was observed in the C–V characteristics measured at 200 °C. Furthermore, current–voltage characteristics with relatively low leakage current in the order of 10−9 A/cm2 remained almost unchanged at temperatures up to 200 °C.
Effect of the Y element on the structural, electronic and magnetic properties of Heusler compounds Co2YIn (Y = V, Nb, and Ti): An ab initio study
Authors: Muthui Zipporah , Musembi Robinson , Mwabora Julius , Kashyap Arti 
Published: January 2021

We report the effect of varying the Y element on the structural, electronic and magnetic properties of Co2YIn (Y = V, Nb, Ti) Heusler compounds using Density Functional Theory (DFT). The effect of the lattice parameter and total number of valence electrons on spin polarization and the magnetic properties of these Heusler compounds is compared. Co2VIn and Co2NbIn have the same number of valence electrons as Nb and V are from the same group in the periodic table. Co2VIn has almost the same lattice constant as Co2TiIn but they differ in the total number of valence electrons by one, as Ti and V are next neighbors in the same period of the periodic table. The optimized lattice parameters for Co2NbIn and Co2TiIn are found to be 6.20 Å and 6.05 Å respectively, while that of Co2VIn has been reported to be 6.00 Å. Co2NbIn is half metallic with an energy band gap of 0.1 eV in the minority states and has total magnetic moments of 2.02 µB/f.u. very close to the 2.00 µB/f.u. predicted by the Slater-Pauling rule, while Co2TiIn is not half metallic but has a highly spin polarized electronic structure having a spin polarization of 89.59% and total magnetic moments of 1.04µB/f.u. While reducing the number of the valence electrons by one in Co2TiIn has a significant effect on the magnetic moments and spin polarization, an increase in the lattice parameter while maintaining the same number of valence electrons in Co2NbIn does not result in the destruction of the half metallic gap.
Coexistence of magnetism and superconductivity in the iron containing FeSr2YCu2O7.57 cuprate as studied by μSR
Authors: López-Paz Sara A. , Sari D. P. , Hillier A. D. , Alario-Franco M. A. 
Published: January 2021

Substitution of copper by iron in the charge reservoir block of the YSr2Cu3O6+δ (YSCO) cuprate superconductor brings out an appealing insight on the interplay between superconductivity and magnetism. In the resulting FeSr2YCu2O7+δ (Fe-1212) materials, FeO1+δ layers and CuO2 bi-layers are alternated along the stacking direction, in close analogy to the RuSr2GdCu2O8 (Ru-1212) ferromagnetic superconductor. For the FeSr2YCu2O7.57 compound, both BVS calculations and spectroscopic data reflect a high doping level in the superconducting planes of pCuO2 ∼ 0.30, placing this cuprate on the overdoped region of the conventional phase diagram for cuprate superconductors. Nonetheless, iron cations in the charge reservoir block (CRB) are quite oxidized, reaching a high formal oxidation state of Fe3.6+. This highly doped FeSr2YCu2O7.57 cuprate is superconducting below Tc = 30 K and, from our muon spin relaxation spectroscopy (μSR) study, the presence of magnetic interactions has been substantiated. Most interestingly, the coincidence of the onset of the magnetic interactions with the superconducting critical temperature suggests a complex interplay between magnetism and superconductivity in this overdoped cuprate.
Structural and magnetic properties of iodide-mediated chemically synthesized L12 FePt3 nanoparticles
Authors: Deepchand Vimal , Tzitzios Vasileios , Hadjipanayis George C. 
Published: January 2021

In this work, we study the effect of elemental iodine as a halide intermediary in the synthesis of FePt3 nanoparticles using a co-reduction of Fe(acac)3 and (NH4)2PtCl2 with 1,2-hexadecanediol. Our study shows that elemental iodine facilitates the formation of FePt3 nanoparticles with the L12 structure. When iodine is not used, the as-made nanoparticles have mostly the disordered fcc FePt3 structure. The as-made nanoparticles are ferromagnetic and have a Curie temperature close to 380 K. Annealing of the as-made nanoparticles leads to an increased particle size and a transformation to the ordered L12 FePt3 phase. Nanoparticles annealed at 700°C for 30 minutes show a mixture of two magnetic phases, a ferromagnetic phase with a lower ordering temperature of ∼300 K and an antiferromagnetic phase with a Néel temperature around 135 K.
On the synthesis, structural transformation and magnetocaloric behavior of Ni37.5Co12.5Mn35Ti15 melt-spun ribbons
Authors: López-Cruz M. , Zamora J. , Sánchez-Valdés C. F. , Sánchez Llamazares J. L. 
Published: January 2021

We fabricated Ni37.5Co12.5Mn35Ti15 melt-spun ribbons at linear wheel speeds (WS) of 20 and 8 ms-1 (series A and B, respectively). The effect of a short time thermal annealing (30 min.) between 1023 K and 1173 K on the martensitic-like structural transition and the crystal structure, microstructure and magnetic entropy change ΔSM(T) curves and related parameters for as-solidified (AS) samples of series A were studied. Whereas the Curie temperature of austenite (AST) TCA keeps nearly constant, both the reduction of the solidification rate and the increase on the thermal annealing temperature increase the temperature of the structural transformation reducing the magnetization change across the AST to martensite (MST) transition. The martensitic transformation (MT) in AS samples undergoes from a B2-type ferromagnetic (FM) AST with TCA = 328 K to a monoclinic martensite (MST); SEM images evidenced a partially grain-oriented microstructure formed by columnar in shape-elongated grains with their major axis oriented along the thermal gradient during solidification. Magneto-structural transition for AS ribbons of series A occurs in the vicinity of room temperature and is accompanied by a magnetization change of around 63 Am2kg-1. For a magnetic field change of 2 T these samples showed a maximum magnetic entropy change |ΔSM|max of 13.8 (9.5) J kg-1 K-1 for the MST→AST (AST→MST) transformation. This is below the previously reported for this alloy composition (27.2 J kg-1 K-1), and is related to the broader magneto-structural transition.
Magnetic properties and magnetocaloric effect in Dy100-xYx solid solutions
Authors: Taskaev Sergey , Khovaylo Vladimir , Ulyanov Maxim , Bataev Dmitriy , Basharova Anastasiya , Kononova Marina , Plakhotskiy Daniil , Bogush Mikhail , Zherebtsov Dmitriy , Hu Zhang 
Published: January 2021

Dysprosium possesses the highest magnetic moment among the rare-earth elements and undergoes a second-order magnetic phase transition to a complex helical antiferromagnetic ordering at Néel temperature TN = 180 K which is followed by a transformation to the ferromagnetic ordering at a lower temperature. Superior magnetic properties and tunability of the magnetic phase transition temperatures make Dy and its solid solutions perspective for the use in technology of magnetic refrigeration at cryogenic temperatures, specifically for the liquefaction of natural gases. In this work we report on the evolution of magnetic properties in solid solutions of Dy100-xYx (x = 0 – 15). It was found that the dilution of Dy magnetic subsystem by a non-magnetic Y has rather a weak impact on the magnetization saturation, which decreases from Ms ∼280 A⋅m2/kg in the x = 0 sample to Ms ∼259 A⋅m2/kg in the x = 15 sample. As a consequence, the isothermal magnetic entropy change was found to decrease slightly in the series of Dy100-xYx (x = 0 – 15) solid solutions.
Hearing in individuals enrolled for drug-resistant tuberculosis treatment
Authors: Shastri Usha , Khateeb Zaiba Fatima , Khan Mohd Aaman , Kanagokar Vibha 
Published: January 2021

Purpose
Some of the anti-tuberculosis (TB) drugs used for drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) are ototoxic and can result in hearing loss with extended use. Hearing loss can be present in individuals with DR-TB even before the initiation of anti-TB treatment. Not all studies investigating the adverse drug reactions of DR-TB treatment performed standard audiometric tests on their participants. Thus, the pre-treatment hearing status of individuals with DR-TB is less documented. We aimed to retrospectively profile hearing status in individuals diagnosed with DR-TB before initiation of anti-TB medication.

Method
Retrospective analysis of pre-treatment audiological reports from 110 individuals (81 males) aged between 18 and 82 years diagnosed with DR-TB from August 2017 to August 2018 who reported to a tertiary care hospital in Mangaluru, Karnataka, a South Indian city was done. Case history and pure tone audiometry data were available for all individuals. Descriptive statistics for each parameter were considered and the Chi-square test of independence was performed between selected variables to check for any association between variables.

Results
Only 29.09% (n = 32) of the individuals reported ear and hearing-related complaints. Pre-treatment for DR-TB, 88 individuals (80%) had some degree of hearing loss in at least one ear. Mild degree (60.4%) and sensorineural type (55.68%) of hearing loss were most frequently observed. Greater hearing loss was noted at high frequencies than at low frequencies. A significant association between age and prevalence of hearing loss was found [χ
2(2, N = 110)=10.28, p < .05]. There was no significant association between age and degree of hearing loss [χ
2(8, N = 87)=4.46, p > .05] as well as age and the type of hearing loss [χ
2(4, N = 87)=4.29, p > .05].

Conclusion
High prevalence of hearing loss in individuals with DR-TB before initiation of anti-TB treatment was observed. However, very few individuals reported reduced hearing during case history. We emphasise performing standard audiometric tests as recommended by the World Health Organisation (WHO) to monitor the effects of ototoxicity in individuals undergoing treatment for DR-TB rather than depending on self-reported measures of change in hearing or clinician determined need for hearing tests.
Quality assurance for the use of computational methods in dosimetry: activities of EURADOS Working Group 6 ‘Computational Dosimetry’
Authors: Rabus H , Gómez-Ros J M , Villagrasa C , Eakins J , Vrba T , Blideanu V , Zankl M , Tanner R , Struelens L , Brkić H , Domingo C , Baiocco G , Caccia B , Huet C , Ferrari P 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWorking Group (WG) 6 ‘Computational Dosimetry’ of the European Radiation Dosimetry Group promotes good practice in the application of computational methods for radiation dosimetry in radiation protection and the medical use of ionising radiation. Its cross-sectional activities within the association cover a large range of current topics in radiation dosimetry, including more fundamental studies of radiation effects in complex systems. In addition, WG 6 also performs scientific research and development as well as knowledge transfer activities, such as training courses. Monte Carlo techniques, including the use of anthropomorphic and other numerical phantoms based on voxelised geometrical models, play a strong part in the activities pursued in WG 6. However, other aspects and techniques, such as neutron spectra unfolding, have an important role as well. A number of intercomparison exercises have been carried out in the past to provide information on the accuracy with which computational methods are applied and whether best practice is being followed. Within the exercises that are still ongoing, the focus has changed towards assessing the uncertainty that can be achieved with these computational methods. Furthermore, the future strategy of WG 6 also includes an extension of the scope toward experimental benchmark activities and evaluation of cross-sections and algorithms, with the vision of establishing a gold standard for Monte Carlo methods used in medical and radiobiological applications.