bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extreme temperature drop alters hatching delay, reproductive success, and physiological condition in great tits
Authors: Glądalski Michał , Bańbura Mirosława , Kaliński Adam , Markowski Marcin , Skwarska Joanna , Wawrzyniak Jarosław , Zieliński Piotr , Bańbura Jerzy 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIt has been suggested that extreme weather events may be treated as natural experiments that may unravel the mechanisms by which birds adjust their phenology and breeding parameters to environmental variability. In 2017, a sudden and heavy drop of temperatures for several days affected many European bird populations. This event occurred during the laying–early incubation period in the great tit (Parus major) population in central Poland, causing a large delay in hatching and had sustained reproductive consequences. This cold snap occurring once breeding activity had already started in 2017 was followed by the warm and invariable breeding season of 2018. This natural experiment had an essential influence on great tit reproductive parameters. We found a significant difference in hatching date, number of fledglings, hatching success, and fledging success between 2017 and 2018. In 2017, there were about two fledglings per nest fewer than in 2018. Fledging success was positively associated with hatching delay in 2017, while the relation was negative in 2018. Hatching success differed significantly between both years, being higher in 2018. Mean level of hemoglobin (used as index of body, physiological condition) in the blood of nestling great tits was higher in 2017 than in 2018. We argue that the moment of hatching may be (at least in some years) more tightly related to the moment of maximum food demand of tit nestlings than the traditionally used laying date. Also in extreme years, phenotypic plasticity of hatching delays may be insufficient to adjust the timing of breeding to the upcoming extreme weather events. Further examining its limits may be an important goal for future research.
Clinical course of pain and disability following primary lumbar discectomy: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Rushton A. , Heneghan N. R. , Heymans M. W. , Staal J. B. , Goodwin P. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Purpose
To conduct a meta-analysis to describe clinical course of pain and disability in adult patients post-lumbar discectomy (PROSPERO: CRD42015020806).

Methods
Sensitive topic-based search strategy designed for individual databases was conducted. Patients (> 16 years) following first-time lumbar discectomy for sciatica/radiculopathy with no complications, investigated in inception (point of surgery) prospective cohort studies, were included. Studies including revision surgery or not published in English were excluded. Two reviewers independently searched information sources, assessed eligibility at title/abstract and full-text stages, extracted data, assessed risk of bias (modified QUIPs) and assessed GRADE. Authors were contacted to request raw data where data/variance data were missing. Meta-analyses evaluated outcomes at all available time points using the variance-weighted mean in random-effect meta-analyses. Means and 95% CIs were plotted over time for measurements reported on outcomes of leg pain, back pain and disability.

Results
A total of 87 studies (n = 31,034) at risk of bias (49 moderate, 38 high) were included. Clinically relevant improvements immediately following surgery (> MCID) for leg pain (0–10, mean before surgery 7.04, 50 studies, n = 14,910 participants) and disability were identified (0–100, mean before surgery 53.33, 48 studies, n = 15,037). Back pain also improved (0–10, mean before surgery 4.72, 53 studies, n = 14,877). Improvement in all outcomes was maintained (to 7 years). Meta-regression analyses to assess the relationship between outcome data and a priori potential covariates found preoperative back pain and disability predictive for outcome.

Conclusion
Moderate-level evidence supports clinically relevant immediate improvement in leg pain and disability following lumbar discectomy with accompanying improvements in back pain.

Graphic abstract
These slides can be retrieved under Electronic Supplementary Material.
Gingival recession behavior with immediate implant placement in the anterior maxilla with buccal dehiscence without additional augmentation—a pilot study
Authors: Pohl Veronika , Fürhauser Lukas , Haas Robert , Pohl Sebastian 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
Immediate implant placement in the presence of intact extraction alveoli has frequently been reported, while hardly any reports on immediate implant placement in missing buccal bone can be found in literature.

Objectives
This pilot study evaluates esthetic outcome and soft and hard tissue level changes of immediate implant placement with immediate provisionalization in patients with partially/completely missing buccal bone without any further augmentation procedure in the maxillary anterior zone.

Material and methods
Twelve patients (TG) with partially to completely missing buccal bone designated for extraction and flapless immediate implant insertion in the anterior zone of the maxilla were included. Patients randomly selected out of a larger group of patients with immediate implants with intact alveoli served as controls (CG). Immediate provisionalization was done without any further augmentation of the alveolar ridge. Marginal hard and soft tissue levels, PES, and implant success were evaluated during a 1-year observation period.

Results
The defect of the buccal alveolar bone was 4.96 mm (min., 2.26 mm; max., 9.68 mm) and the mean mesio-distal extension 4.25 mm (min., 3.2 mm; max., 5.91 mm). Preoperative PES differed significantly between TG (9.68) and CG (12.25) and improved in TG postoperatively with no significant difference to CG after 1 year (TG, 10.91; CG, 11.3). The buccal soft tissue level remained almost unchanged over the observation period (TG preop, 0.86 mm ± 0.90 mm; 1 year, 0.91 mm ± 0.96 mm; CG preop, 0.98 mm ± 0.87 mm; 1 year, 0.98 mm ± 0.87 mm and did not show any correlation with either the mesial/distal bone level or the initial buccal vertical defect at any point of time.

Conclusions
These clinical results provide evidence that immediate implant placement without additional augmentation, but with immediate provisionalization might be a viable treatment alternative even with missing buccal plate in the esthetic maxillary zone.
Penetration and bouncing during impact in shallow cornstarch suspensions
Authors: Lopez-de-la-Cruz Ricardo Arturo , van der Meer Devaraj , Pons Adeline 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe impact-activated solidification of cornstarch suspensions has proven to be a multi-faceted problem and a complete explanation of the different phenomena observed during this process remains elusive. In this work, we revisit this rich problem and focus on impact on shallow suspension baths where the solidification partly leads to bouncing of the impactor. We systematically vary the depth and solid fraction of the suspension, the mass of the impactor, and the impact velocity to determine which conditions lead to bouncing. For cases where bouncing occurs we observe distinctly different dynamics as compared to those cases without it. Our results allow us to connect the velocity oscillations and stop-go cycles that were observed during settling in a deep layer, with more recent work dealing with high-force and high-speed impact on a cornstarch suspension.
Retirement Financial Behaviour: How Important Is Being Financially Literate?
Authors: Hauff J. C. , Carlander A. , Gärling T. , Nicolini G. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractUsing Item Response Theory to analyse survey data from a representative sample of 551 Swedish citizens, a new 16-question measure of fact-based financial literacy is developed and validated. Uni-dimensionality of the measure is verified, and expected correlations are observed with an existing measure of fact-based financial literacy, a measure of subjective financial literacy or confidence, and age, gender, and income. A significant impact of fact-based and subjective financial literacy are found on three time-ordered stages of individuals’ retirement behaviour: planning, saving, and investment management. It is concluded that policies increasing final literacy are important in different phases of the life cycle.
Downsizing and Silicon Integration of Photoacoustic Gas Cells
Authors: Glière A. , Barritault P. , Berthelot A. , Constancias C. , Coutard J.-G. , Desloges B. , Duraffourg L. , Fedeli J.-M. , Garcia M. , Lartigue O. , Lhermet H. , Marchant A. , Rouxel J. , Skubich J. , Teulle A. , Verdot T. , Nicoletti S. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDownsizing and compatibility with MEMS silicon foundries is an attractive path towards a large diffusion of photoacoustic trace gas sensors. As the photoacoustic signal scales inversely with the chamber volume, a trend to miniaturization has been followed by several teams. We review in this article the approach initiated several years ago in our laboratory. Three generations of components, namely a 40 mm3 3D-printed cell, a 3.7 mm3 silicon cell, and a 2.3 mm3 silicon cell with a built-in piezoresistive pressure sensor, have been designed. The models used take into account the viscous and thermal losses, which cannot be neglected for such small-sized resonators. The components have been fabricated either by additive manufacturing or microfabrication and characterized. Based on a compilation of experimental data, a similar sub-ppm limit of detection is demonstrated. All three versions of photoacoustic cells have their own domain of operation as each one has benefits and drawbacks, regarding fabrication, implementation, and ease of use.
On the extent of fracture toughness transfer from 1D/2D nanomodified epoxy matrices to glass fibre composites
Authors: Domun Nadiim , Paton Keith R. , Blackman Bamber R. K. , Kaboglu Cihan , Vahid Samireh , Zhang Tao , Dear John P. , Kinloch Anthony J. , Hadavinia Homayoun 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn this study, the effects of adding nanofillers to an epoxy resin (EP) used as a matrix in glass fibre-reinforced plastic (GFRP) composites have been investigated. Both 1D and 2D nanofillers were used, specifically (1) carbon nanotubes (CNTs), (2) few-layer graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs), as well as hybrid combinations of (3) CNTs and boron nitride nanosheets, and (4) GNPs and boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs). Tensile tests have shown improvements in the transverse stiffness normal to the fibre direction of up to about 25% for the GFRPs using the ‘EP + CNT’ and the ‘EP + BNNT + GNP’ matrices, compared to the composites with the unmodified epoxy (‘EP’). Mode I and mode II fracture toughness tests were conducted using double cantilever beam (DCB) and end-notched flexure (ENF) tests, respectively. In the quasi-static mode I tests, the values of the initiation interlaminar fracture toughness, $$ G_{\text{IC}}^{\text{C}} $$GICC, of the GFRP composites showed that the transfer of matrix toughness to the corresponding GFRP composite is greatest for the GFRP composite with the GNPs in the matrix. Here, a coefficient of toughness transfer (CTT), defined as the ratio of mode I initiation interlaminar toughness for the composite to the bulk polymer matrix toughness, of 0.68 was recorded. The highest absolute values of the mode I interlaminar fracture toughness at crack initiation were achieved for the GFRP composites with the epoxy matrix modified with the hybrid combinations of nanofillers. The highest value of the CTT during steady-state crack propagation was ~ 2 for all the different types of GFRPs. Fractographic analysis of the composite surfaces from the DCB and ENF specimens showed that failure was by a combination of cohesive (through the matrix) and interfacial (along the fibre/matrix interface) modes, depending on the type of nanofillers used.
Temperature-controlled synthesis of hollow, porous gold nanoparticles with wide range light absorption
Authors: Depciuch J. , Stec M. , Maximenko A. , Baran J. , Parlinska-Wojtan M. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAn easy synthesis method of hollow, porous gold nanoparticles (AuHP NPs) with controlled diameter and pores sizes and with a wide range of light absorbance (continuous between 500 and 900 nm) is presented together with the explanation of the nanoparticle formation mechanism. The NPs were investigated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) combined with the selected area electron diffraction patterns, X-ray diffraction and ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy. TEM images showed that changing the synthesis temperature allows to obtain AuHP NPs with sizes from 35 ± 4 nm at 60 °C to 76 ± 8 nm at 90 °C. The effects of nanoscale porosity on the far- and near-field optical properties of the nanoparticles, as well as on effective conversion of electromagnetic energy into thermal energy, were applied in simulated photothermal cancer therapy. The latter one was simulated by irradiation of two cancer cell lines SW480 and SW620 with lasers operating at 650 nm and 808 nm wavelengths. The mortality of cells after using the synthesized AuHP NPs as photosensitizers is between 20 and 50% and increases with the decrease in the diameter of the AuHP NPs. All these attractive properties of the AuHP NPs make them find application in many biomedical studies.
Double-Arc Parallel Coordinates and its Axes re-Ordering Methods
Authors: Lu Liangfu , Wang Wenbo , Tan Zhiyuan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe Parallel Coordinates Plot (PCP) is a popular technique for the exploration of high-dimensional data. In many cases, researchers apply it as an effective method to analyze and mine data. However, when today’s data volume is getting larger, visual clutter and data clarity become two of the main challenges in parallel coordinates plot. Although Arc Coordinates Plot (ACP) is a popular approach to address these challenges, few optimization and improvement have been made on it. In this paper, we do three main contributions on the state-of-the-art PCP methods. One approach is the improvement of visual method itself. The other two approaches are mainly on the improvement of perceptual scalability when the scale or the dimensions of the data turn to be large in some mobile and wireless practical applications. 1) We present an improved visualization method based on ACP, termed as double arc coordinates plot (DACP). It not only reduces the visual clutter in ACP, but use a dimension-based bundling method with further optimization to deals with the issues of the conventional parallel coordinates plot (PCP). 2)To reduce the clutter caused by the order of the axes and reveal patterns that hidden in the data sets, we propose our first dimensional reordering method, a contribution-based method in DACP, which is based on the singular value decomposition (SVD) algorithm. The approach computes the importance score of attributes (dimensions) of the data using SVD and visualize the dimensions from left to right in DACP according the score in SVD. 3) Moreover, a similarity-based method, which is based on the combination of nonlinear correlation coefficient and SVD algorithm, is proposed as well in the paper. To measure the correlation between two dimensions and explains how the two dimensions interact with each other, we propose a reordering method based on non-linear correlation information measurements. We mainly use mutual information to calculate the partial similarity of dimensions in high-dimensional data visualization, and SVD is used to measure global data. Lastly, we use five case scenarios to evaluate the effectiveness of DACP, and the results show that our approaches not only do well in visualizing multivariate dataset, but also effectively alleviate the visual clutter in the conventional PCP, which bring users a better visual experience.
A Theory of Change for Improving Children’s Perceptions, Aspirations and Uptake of STEM Careers
Authors: Davenport Carol , Dele-Ajayi Opeyemi , Emembolu Itoro , Morton Richard , Padwick Annie , Portas Antonio , Sanderson Jonathan , Shimwell Joe , Stonehouse Jane , Strachan Rebecca , Wake Leanne , Wells Gary , Woodward John 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThere is concern about the low numbers and diversity of young people choosing careers and study subjects in science, technology, engineering and maths (STEM) at university and beyond. Many interventions aimed at addressing this issue have focused on young people aged 14+ years old. However, these interventions have resulted in little improvement in the numbers and diversity of young people progressing into STEM careers. The aim of this study is to ask “What are the affordances of a Theory of Change (ToC) for increasing the diversity and number of young people choosing a career in STEM post-18?” An innovative ToC is introduced which provides the theoretical underpinnings and context for the complex mix of interventions necessary to lead to a significant change in the number and diversity of those choosing STEM careers. Case studies of interventions developed using the ToC are presented. This approach, and associated ToC, is widely applicable across STEM, education and public engagement fields.
Implicit and Explicit Gender Stereotypes at the Bargaining Table: Male Counterparts’ Stereotypes Predict Women’s Lower Performance in Dyadic Face-to-Face Negotiations
Authors: Pardal Vaani , Alger Madeliene , Latu Ioana 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn every major occupational group and at every level of educational attainment, U.S. women earn less than men (Carnevale et al. 2018). Besides a component explained by objective factors (e.g., hours worked, occupation, experience), the gender wage gap includes a large component unexplained by objective factors. This latter component may be attributed, at least in part, to factors such as gender stereotyping and discrimination. In one study, we focus specifically on negotiation partners’ gender stereotypes by investigating mock face-to-face negotiations around salary and benefits mimicking real world job settings. We specifically investigated whether U.S. women’s (n = 83) negotiation performance was predicted by their negotiation counterparts’ implicit and explicit gender stereotypes and whether these effects depended on the gender of the negotiation counterpart and their randomly assigned power role in the negotiation (recruiter vs. candidate). Overall, our findings suggest that regardless of women’s power role in negotiations, women’s lower performance is predicted by their male counterparts’ higher implicit stereotypes. For female recruiters, this effect is further qualified by their male counterparts’ explicit stereotypes. Our discussion explores how temporary power roles contribute to the expression of implicit and explicit gender stereotypes in negotiations. We also discuss practice implications for reducing negative effects of stereotypes on women’s negotiation performance.
Correction of Galileo Energetic Particle Detector, Composition Measurement System High Rate Data: Semiconductor Dead Layer Correction
Authors: Lee-Payne Z. , Kollmann P. , Grande M. , Knight T. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe Energetic particle detector (EPD) on-board the Galileo orbiter measured ions in the keV to MeV energy range in Jupiter’s equatorial plane, generating a unique data set. However, as a result of its time in the highly hostile Jovian radiation environment the EPD and its composition measurement system (CMS), suffered damage to its silicon semiconductor detectors. This resulted in misidentification of ion species and an underestimation of fluxes. We use in-flight measurements to understand the nature of the damage and how much it has affected the data. A method of mass and energy identification and reallocation was developed to identify and correct affected data thus improving the usability and accuracy of the Jovian data sets. This study aims to calculate the extent of the damage to the main CMS detector, $K_{ {T}}$KT; estimating the build-up of a non-sensitive dead layer on its surface. By the end of mission this dead layer has increased and is estimated to top out at $0.35 \pm 0.02$0.35±0.02 μm. A corrected set of data is produced, which fits better within expected boundaries, and will be made available for future use.
Elevated Type 1 Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor Availability in a Mouse Model of Huntington’s Disease: a Longitudinal PET Study
Authors: Bertoglio Daniele , Verhaeghe Jeroen , Korat Špela , Miranda Alan , Cybulska Klaudia , Wyffels Leonie , Stroobants Sigrid , Mrzljak Ladislav , Dominguez Celia , Skinbjerg Mette , Liu Longbin , Munoz-Sanjuan Ignacio , Staelens Steven 
Published: January 2020

AbstractImpairment of group I metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) results in altered glutamate signalling, which is associated with several neurological disorders including Huntington’s Disease (HD), an autosomal neurodegenerative disease. In this study, we assessed in vivo pathological changes in mGluR1 availability in the Q175DN mouse model of HD using longitudinal positron emission tomography (PET) imaging with the radioligand [11C]ITDM. Ninety-minute dynamic PET imaging scans were performed in 22 heterozygous (HET) Q175DN mice and 22 wild-type (WT) littermates longitudinally at 6, 12, and 16 months of age. Analyses of regional volume of distribution with an image-derived input function (VT (IDIF)) and voxel-wise parametric VT (IDIF) maps were performed to assess differences between genotypes. Post-mortem evaluation at 16 months was done to support in vivo findings. [11C]ITDM VT (IDIF) quantification revealed higher mGluR1 availability in the brain of HET mice compared to WT littermates (e.g. cerebellum: + 15.0%, + 17.9%, and + 17.6% at 6, 12, and 16 months, respectively; p < 0.001). In addition, an age-related decline in [11C]ITDM binding independent of genotype was observed between 6 and 12 months. Voxel-wise analysis of parametric maps and post-mortem quantifications confirmed the elevated mGluR1 availability in HET mice compared to WT littermates. In conclusion, in vivo measurement of mGluR1 availability using longitudinal [11C]ITDM PET imaging demonstrated higher [11C]ITDM binding in extra-striatal brain regions during the course of disease in the Q175DN mouse model.
Double outlet right ventricle, pulmonary stenosis and congenital mitral stenosis
Authors: Samuel Lincoln , Kurien George Varghese , Vazhakatt Joel Devasia , Koshy Sajan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA 4-year-old girl child was diagnosed with double outlet right ventricle (DORV), severe pulmonary stenosis, and supramitral ring. This case is presented to bring to light this rare association. Through this report, we aim to stress importance of assessing mitral apparatus on echocardiography during evaluation for situations like DORV and Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF). The physiological differences in such situations as opposed to their isolated counterparts and special postoperative outcomes are also discussed.