bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing the effect of prolonged use of desloratadine on adipose Brillouin shift and composition in rats
Authors: Troyanova‐Wood Maria , Gobbell Cassidy , Meng Zhaokai , Gasheva Olga , Gashev Anatoliy , Yakovlev Vladislav V. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAntihistamines, which are commonly used to treat allergic reactions, are known for their side effects, which contribute to weight gain. It is hypothesized that simultaneous Brillouin elastography and Raman spectroscopy can be used to detect changes in adipose tissue associated with a prolonged intake of desloratadine, a commonly used second generation antihistamine. White and brown adipose tissue samples were excised from adult rats following 16 weeks of daily administration of desloratadine. It was found that the prolonged intake of desloratadine leads to an increase in Brillouin shift in both adipose tissue types. Raman spectra indicate that antihistamine use reduces protein‐to‐lipid ratio in brown adipose tissue but not white adipose tissue, indicating the effect on adipose tissue is location‐dependent.
Evaluation of the analytical performance of endocrine analytes using sigma metrics
Authors: Liu Yanming , Cao Yue , Liu Xijun , Wu Liangyin , Cai Wencan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackground(a) To evaluate the clinical performance of endocrine analytes using the sigma metrics (σ) model. (b) To redesign quality control strategies for performance improvement.MethodsThe sigma values of the analytes were initially evaluated based on the allowable total error (TEa), bias, and coefficient of variation (CV) at QC materials level 1 and 2 in March 2018. And then, the normalized QC performance decision charts, personalized QC rules, quality goal index (QGI) analysis, and root causes analysis (RCA) were performed based on the sigma values of the analytes. Finally, the sigma values were re‐evaluated in September 2018 after a series of targeted corrective actions.ResultsBased on the initial sigma values, two analytes (FT3 and TSH) with σ > 6, only needed one QC rule (13S) with N2 and R500 for QC management. On the other hand, seven analytes (FT4, TT4, CROT, E2, PRL, TESTO, and INS) with σ < 4 at one QC material level or both needed multiple rules (13S/22S/R4S/41S/10X) with N6 and R10‐500 depending on different sigma values for QC management. Subsequently, detailed and comprehensive RCA and timely corrective actions were performed on all the analytes base on the QGI analysis. Compared with the initial sigma values, the re‐evaluated sigma metrics of all the analytes increased significantly.ConclusionsIt was demonstrated that the combination of sigma metrics, QGI analysis, and RCA provided a useful evaluation system for the analytical performance of endocrine analytes.
Contrast‐Enhanced Ultrasound Quantification Assessment of Focal Fatty Variations in Liver Parenchyma
Authors: Rafailidis Vasileios , Fang Cheng , Leenknegt Benjamin , Ballal Khalid , Deganello Annamaria , Sellars Maria E. , Yusuf Gibran T. , Huang Dean Y. , Sidhu Paul S. 
Published: September 2020

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to quantify contrast‐enhanced ultrasound enhancement of focal fatty sparing (FFS) and focal fatty infiltration (FFI) and compare it with adjacent liver parenchyma.MethodsThis was a retrospective observational study yielding 42 cases in the last 4 years. Inclusion criteria were a focal liver lesion, adequate video availability, and an established diagnosis of FFS or FFI based on clinical or imaging follow‐up or a second modality. Contrast‐enhanced ultrasound examinations were performed with a standard low–mechanical index technique. Commercially available software calculated quantitative parameters for a focal liver lesion and a reference area of liver parenchyma, producing relative indices.ResultsIn total, 42 patients were analyzed (19 male) with a median age of 18 (interquartile range, 42) years and a median lesion diameter of 30 (interquartile range, 16) mm. The cohort included 26 with FFS and 16 with FFI. Subjectively assessed, 27% of FFS and 25% of FFI were hypoenhancing in the arterial phase, and 73% of FFS and 75% of FFI were isoenhancing. In the venous and delayed phases, all lesions were isoenhancing. The peak enhancement (P = .001), wash‐in area under the curve (P < .01), wash‐in rate (P = .023), and wash‐in perfusion index (P = .001) were significantly lower in FFS compared with adjacent parenchyma but not the mean transit time. In the FFI subgroup, no significant difference was detected. Comparing relative parameters, only the wash‐in rate was significantly (P = .049) lower in FFS than FFI. The mean follow‐up was 2.8 years.ConclusionsFocal fatty sparing shows significantly lower and slower enhancement than the liver parenchyma, whereas FFI enhances identically. Focal fatty sparing had a significantly slower enhancement than FFI.
A novel de novo SLC26A3 mutation causing congenital chloride diarrhea in a Japanese neonate
Authors: Konishi Ken‐ichiro , Mizuochi Tatsuki , Honma Hitoshi , Etani Yuri , Morikawa Kazue , Wada Kazuko , Yamamoto Ken 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundCongenital chloride diarrhea (CCD) is characterized by persistent chloride (Cl)‐rich diarrhea evident from birth. CCD is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by defects in the solute carrier family 26 member 3 (SLC26A3) gene, which encodes an intestinal Cl−/HCO3−, Na+‐independent exchanger. Various mutations of SLC26A3 have been described in CCD. However, no de novo mutations have been found to be responsible for CCD. Here we report the first such occurrence.MethodsClinical and laboratory findings during the perinatal period were obtained retrospectively from medical records. Mutations involving SLC26A3 were detected by Sanger sequencing.ResultsThe male infant reported here was delivered at 29 weeks of gestation. Just after birth, he had watery diarrhea without meconium passage. High chloride concentrations in the diarrhea led to a diagnosis of CCD. Direct sequencing of all coding exons in SLC26A3 including exon‐intron boundaries disclosed 2 compound heterozygous mutations: c.382G>A, p.G128S and c.2063‐1g>t. The c. 2063‐1g>t mutation was confirmed in his mother's DNA, but c.382G>A, p.G128S was absent in both mother and father.ConclusionWe concluded that c.382G>A, p.G128S represented a de novo mutation of SLC26A3, a very rare event in autosomal recessive disorders. To our knowledge, this is the first CCD case involving a de novo novel mutation of SLC26A3.
Analysis of CNVs of CFTR gene in Chinese Han population with CBAVD
Authors: Ma Chengquan , Wang Ruyi , Li Tengyan , Li Hongjun , Wang Binbin 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundCongenital bilateral absence of vas deferens (CBAVD) is an important disease of male infertility, which affects 1%–2% of infertile population. In addition to common mutations of CFTR, copy number variants (CNVs) have also been implicated as one of the pathogenesis of CBAVD. The present study aimed to investigate the genetic contribution of CFTR CNVs in Chinese Han population with CBAVD.MethodsTwo hundred and sixty‐three CBAVD patients were recruited. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood samples. The Multiplex Ligation‐dependent Probe Amplification assay was performed which targets the region of the CFTR gene.ResultsAmong 263 Chinese men affected with CBAVD in this study, 5 (1.90%) patients were detected for copy number variants in the region of CFTR gene (4 of them carried partial deletions and 1 of them carried partial duplication of CFTR gene).ConclusionsThe study showed that the rate of CFTR CNVs in Chinese population with CBAVD were basically consistent with the previous reports. And the study first revealed genetic risk of CNVs of CFTR on a large sample size of CBAVD patients in Chinese Han population, which prompted that it was necessary to detect CNVs of CFTR in Chinese Han people with CBAVD.
Validity of self‐reporting depression in the Tabari cohort study population
Authors: Zarghami Mehran , Taghizadeh Fatemeh , Moosazadeh Mahmood , Kheradmand Motahhareh , Heydari Keyvan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAimsDepression is a common cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. To detect depression, we compared BDI‐II scoring as a valid tool with participants' self‐reporting depression.MethodsThe sample size was determined to include 155 participants with positive self‐reporting of depression in a total of 1300 samples with 310 healthy participants were included in the study through random selection. In order to evaluate the diagnostic value of self‐reporting, BDI‐II was completed by blind interviewing to the case group as well as to another group who reported that they were not depressed, as control.ResultsSensitivity, specificity, accuracy, false positive, false negative, positive, and negative predictive values of self‐reporting were calculated 58.4%, 79.1%,73.4%, 20.8%, 41.6%, 51.8%, and 83.2% for the total population, respectively, as well as, sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive, and negative predictive values of self‐report in males were 83.3%, 77.2%, 77.1%, 43.8%, and 95.6% and 53.7%, 78.1%, 71.2%, 49.2%, and 81.1% for females, respectively.ConclusionThe positive predictive value and sensitivity of self‐reporting are insufficient in total population and females, and therefore self‐reporting cannot detect depressed patients, but regarding to its average positive predictive value, perhaps, it can be used to identify nondepressant individuals.
Clozapine‐associated severe eosinophilia following lithium rebound neutropenia: A case report
Authors: Kikuchi Kota , Yasui‐Furukori Norio , Yokoyama Saaya , Hasegawa Chie , Kokubun Atsuhiko , Katsukura Shinichi , Shimizu Taro , Shimoda Kazutaka 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundClozapine use is complicated by an increased risk of hematological adverse effects such as neutropenia and, rarely, eosinophilia.Case presentationWe present the case of a 48‐year‐old man with treatment‐resistant schizophrenia. On day 12 after clozapine initiation, he had a cough with a temperature of 39.8°C. On day 16, his leukocyte count had increased to 9320 cells/mm3 (neutrophils 7550 cells/mm3 and eosinophils 680 cells/mm3). We discontinued lithium because of neutrophilia and damage to renal function on day 20. His eosinophil count increased until day 29, reaching 6750 cells/mm3. We suspected a drug‐induced reaction and discontinued clozapine on day 30. His eosinophil count gradually decreased, reaching the normal range by day 40. However, his leukocyte and neutrophil counts also gradually decreased to below than the normal range by day 40. His leukocytes and neutrophil counts had recovered by day 55.ConclusionWe concluded that this patient had clozapine‐associated severe eosinophilia following lithium rebound neutropenia.
Feasibility of hepatic fine needle aspiration as a minimally invasive sampling method for gene expression quantification of pharmacogenetic targets in dogs
Authors: Hull Matthew B. , Schermerhorn Thomas , Vieson Miranda D. , Reinhart Jennifer M. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundQuantifying hepatic gene expression is important for many pharmacogenetic studies. However, this usually requires biopsy (BX), which is invasive.ObjectivesThe objectives of this study were to determine the feasibility of using minimally invasive fine needle aspirate (FNA) to quantify hepatic gene expression and to assess expression variability between different sampling sites.MethodsBiopsy and FNA samples were acquired from central and peripheral locations of the right and left lateral liver lobes of a dog. Relative expression of ABCB1, GSTT1 and CYP3A12 were measured via reverse transcriptase, quantitative PCR. The effect of sampling method, lobe and location within the lobe on gene expression was assessed using a three‐way ANOVA.ResultsRelative expression of ABCB1 and GSTT1 were not statistically different between sampling methods but CYP3A12 expression was higher in samples collected by BX (p = .013). Lobe sampled affected ABCB1 expression (p = .001) and site within lobe affected ABCB1 (p = .018) and GSTT1 (p = .025) expression.ConclusionsFNA appears to be a feasible technique for minimally invasive evaluation of hepatic gene expression but results should not be directly compared to biopsy samples. Sampling location impacts expression of some targets; combination of FNAs from multiple sites may reduce variation.
Chemical-neuroanatomical organization of peripheral sensory-efferent systems in the pond snail (Lymnaea stagnalis)
Authors: Horváth Réka , Battonyai Izabella , Maász Gábor , Schmidt János , Fekete Zsuzsanna N. , Elekes Károly 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPerception and processing of chemical cues are crucial for aquatic gastropods, for proper elaboration of adaptive behavior. The pond snail,Lymnaea stagnalis, is a model species of invertebrate neurobiology, in which peripheral sensory neurons with different morphology and transmitter content have partly been described, but we have little knowledge regarding their functional morphological organization, including their possible peripheral intercellular connections and networks. Therefore the aim of our study was to characterize the sensory system of the tentacles and the lip, as primary sensory regions, and the anterior foot ofLymnaeawith special attention to the transmitter content of the sensory neurons, and their relationship to extrinsic elements of the central nervous system. Numerous bipolar sensory cells were demonstrated in the epithelial layer of the peripheral organs, displaying immunoreactivity to antibodies raised against tyrosine hydroxylase, histamine, glutamate and two molluscan type oligopeptides, FMRFamide and Mytilus inhibitory peptide. A subepithelial plexus was formed by extrinsic serotonin and FMRFamide immunoreactive fibers, whereas in deeper regions axon processess of different origin with various immunoreactivities formed networks, too. HPLC–MS assay confirmed the presence of the low molecular weight signal molecules in the three examined areas. Following double-labeling immunohistochemistry, close arrangements were observed, formed by sensory neurons and extrinsic serotonergic (and FMRFamidergic) fibers at axo-dendritic, axo-somatic and axo-axonic levels. Our results suggest the involvement of a much wider repertoire of signal molecules in peripheral sensory processes ofLymnaea, which can locally be modified by central input, hence influencing directly the responses to environmental cues.
Fracture Repair in Cats Using a Conical Coupling Mini 1.9 to 2.5 mm Locking Plate System
Authors: Ferrero Francesca C. , Baroncelli Alessandro Boero , Hudson Caleb C. , Peirone Bruno , Reif Ullrich , Piras Lisa A. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjective The aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the clinical application of the Fixin mini 1.9 to 2.5 system for the treatment of long bone fractures in cats. We proposed that the Fixin mini system would successfully stabilize long bone fractures in cats with a healing time and complication rate similar to those previously reported for feline fractures using other locking bone plate systems.Materials and Methods Medical records and radiographs of cats with long bone fractures stabilized with the Fixin mini 1.9 to 2.5 system were retrospectively reviewed. Signalment, body weight, bone(s) fractured, region of bone fractured, fracture classification, concurrent orthopaedic injuries, complications, time to functional union, if minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis techniques were used, plate size, number of plates, bone graft use and ancillary methods of fixation were recorded.Results Fifty-six fractures in 54 cats were included. Mean time to radiographic union was 8.8 weeks. Complications were recorded in 8 out of 56 fractures. Major complications occurred in 4 of 56 fractures and minor complications occurred in 4 of 56 fractures.Conclusion The Fixin mini 1.9 to 2.5 system had an overall complication rate and time to functional union similar to that of other implant systems used to treat feline long bone fractures and it appears suitable for repair of a wide variety of long bone fracture configurations in cats.
Chineseness as a moving target
Authors: Li Jinling , Kroon Sjaak 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The Chinese are one of the earliest established immigrant communities in the Netherlands and they are part of the new ‘superdiversity’ of metropolitan societies around the world, where the relative clarity of previous migration patterns is overlaid by vastly more complex, multilayered and less stable trajectories of movement. Understanding globalization as superdiversity (i.e. as a diversification of diversity instead of a homogenization of global culture in local language and culture practices), this paper aims to disentangle the complexities of being and knowing Chinese in the Netherlands, with respect to internal diversities within Chineseness and its relation to changing Chinese language ideologies.
The empirical starting point for this contribution is an ethnographic project among young people of Chinese heritage living in the Netherlands in and around the setting of a complementary Chinese language school in the city of Eindhoven. The paper focuses on the polycentricity of Chinese, the transformations that occur in the linguistic culinary landscape and the discursive identity construction of Chinese-Dutch youth. Using a multi-site ethnographic methodology data are collected through structured observations, interviews with Chinese community members, linguistic landscaping and online ethnography.
Overall, the paper argues that an ongoing shift along with demographic, economic and political changes in China has altered migration patterns, language ideologies and linguistic landscapes in the Chinese diaspora in the Netherlands. Young people of Chinese heritage articulate a whole repertoire of inhabited and ascribed identities, and they do so by means of a complex display and deployment of the ensemble of linguistic and communicative resources at their disposal.
The Anti-Republican Origins of the At-Will Doctrine
Authors: VanderVelde Lea 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This article highlights the origin of the employment at-will rule by providing the contextual contrast of Reconstruction free labor republicanism. To date, no work has situated the doctrine’s emergence in the heady Reconstruction discussions of labor reform that immediately preceded it. This article briefly summarizes how the at-will rule functions to subordinate employees. The article then elaborates upon the pervasive, overarching anti-subordination themes of the Radical Republican debates in Congress as well as their specific initiatives targeted at equalizing power disparities. Further, the article examines the paradox that the Thirteenth Amendment’s minimum constitutional guarantee that workers have a right to quit became doctrinally embedded in the at-will rule’s justification. Third, the article explores the contemporary post-bellum republican alternatives, both in treatises and in the dissent’s critique in the seminal case of Payne v. Western and Atlantic Railroad. While one treatise writer, Horace Wood, advanced the at-will rule, another, James Schouler, imbued with a sense of republicanism, advanced a different rule of duration based upon custom and pay period. Finally, the article examines an early critique that at-will circumstances were so insubstantial as to fail to amount to any contract at all. Overall, this article provides a different perspective from which to view the doctrine’s emergence, that is, as a retrenchment of railroads’ authority over their day laborers at the very time that Reconstruction’s egalitarian reform efforts were fading. Utilizing contract terminology, the constitutionally guaranteed right to quit was bootstrapped into a justification for the prerogative of employers to fire employees at will. Eventually, this legal construct became the predominant employment doctrine, and it continues today.
Serial Circulating Tumor DNA Mutational Status in Patients with KRAS-Mutant Metastatic Colorectal Cancer from the Phase 3 AIO KRK0207 Trial
Authors: Lueong Smiths S , Herbst Andreas , Liffers Sven-Thorsten , Bielefeld Nicola , Horn Peter A , Tannapfel Andrea , Reinacher-Schick Anke , Hinke Axel , Hegewisch-Becker Susanna , Kolligs Frank T , Siveke Jens T 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Background
We assessed the usefulness of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) pre- or post-treatment initiation for outcome prediction and treatment monitoring in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC).

Methods
Droplet digital PCR was used to measure absolute mutant V-Ki-ras2 Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene ((mut)KRAS) ctDNA concentrations in 214 healthy controls (plasma and sera) and in 151 tissue-based mutKRAS positive patients with mCRC from the prospective multicenter phase 3 trial AIO KRK0207. Serial mutKRAS ctDNA was analyzed prior to and 2–3 weeks after first-line chemotherapy initiation with fluoropyrimidine, oxaliplatin, and bevacizumab in patients with mCRC and correlated with clinical parameters.

Results
mut KRAS ctDNA was detected in 74.8% (113/151) of patients at baseline and in 59.6% (90/151) at follow-up. mutKRAS ctDNA at baseline and follow-up was associated with poor overall survival (OS) (hazard ratio [HR] =1.88, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.20–2.95; HR = 2.15, 95% CI 1.47–3.15) and progression-free survival (PFS) (HR = 2.53, 95% CI 1.44–4.46; HR = 1.90, 95% CI 1.23–2.95), respectively. mutKRAS ctDNA clearance at follow-up conferred better disease control (P = 0.0075), better OS (log-rank P = 0.0018), and PFS (log-rank P = 0.0018). Measurable positive mutKRAS ctDNA at follow-up was the strongest and most significant independent prognostic factor on OS in multivariable analysis (HR = 2.31, 95% CI 1.40–3.25).

Conclusions
Serial analysis of circulating mutKRAS concentrations in mCRC has prognostic value. Post treatment mutKRAS concentrations 2 weeks after treatment initiation were associated with therapeutic response in multivariable analysis and may be an early response predictor in patients receiving first-line combination chemotherapy.

Clinicaltrialsgov Identifier
NCT00973609.
Notes on The Lengthened Imperfect Consecutive in The Samaritan Pentateuch
Authors: Sjörs Ambjörn 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
It is well known that the lengthened imperfect consecutive is more common in the Samaritan Pentateuch than in the Masoretic Pentateuch, and it is usually assumed that it is formed on analogy with the cohortative. It is shown that the imperfect consecutive lengthened by paragogic hē is used to express that the speaker receives the benefit of the situation expressed by the clause, and that this function of paragogic hē can be reconciled with paragogic hē of the lengthened imperative and the cohortative. It is also suggested that the attestations of the lengthened imperfect consecutive with the same function in the Masoretic Pentateuch and the Former Prophets indicate that the construction was productive at some point also in pre-exilic Hebrew.1