bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using a 360° camera as a mobile data collection method towards understanding information types and use in running
Authors: Pretlove Lee J. , Cox Andrew M. , Sbaffi Laura , Hopfgartner Frank 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis paper presents a mobile data collection method using a 360° camera developed in an ongoing qualitative doctoral research project. The method captures audio, participant action and the running environment visuals of a situation in an immersive way compared to traditional audio‐video capture. The method contributes towards an understanding of information types, use and value amongst those who run. This paper describes the mobile method, its research context and provides an insight to how the method has contributed to developing findings about information types and use.
Correlation between references and citations in artificial intelligence: A preliminary study
Authors: Xiao Lianjie , Jiang Weiwei 
Published: October 2020

AbstractTo reveal whether there exists a correlation between the number of references and the number of citations in a paper of the Artificial Intelligence‐related conference, we present an experiment based on a total number of 9,458 papers published in CVPR, ICML, and AAAI from the year 2014 to 2018. Spearman's rank correlation tests show that the number of references and that of the citations are correlated with a correlation coefficient of 0.435, 0.464, and 0.180 respectively, in each p < .01. This means an increasing number of references in a paper may be contributing to the increase in citations. However, citing more references does not guarantee that a paper will be a highly cited paper. We hope this finding can provide a basis for the prediction of the citation impact of the Artificial Intelligence conference papers in the future.
Pulmonary lipiodol embolism following transcatheter arterial chemoembolization
Authors: Moriya Tomohiro , Kawakami Naoki , Wakai Yoko , Saito Hiroaki , Saito Kazuhito 
Published: October 2020

Key messageComputed tomography of pulmonary lipiodol embolism reveals high‐density areas in the lung field or intrapulmonary blood vessels. One of the risk factors of lipiodol embolism is embolization of the inferior phrenic artery.
Halogenation of Imidazo[1,2‐α]pyridines with DXDMH (X=Cl, Br and I) Using DMSO as a Solvent and an Oxidant
Authors: Zhu Sha , Wang Binbin , Li Huiqin , Xiao Wending , Teng Fan , Shen Haicheng , Gui Qing‐Wen , Li Zhouchao , Jiang Hongmei 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA simple and inexpensive methodology is reported for the conversion of imidazo[1,2‐α]pyridines to 3‐halo imidazo[1,2‐α]pyridines via oxidative halogenation using DXDMH (X=Cl, Br and I) paired with dimethyl sulfoxide, which serves as the oxidants as well as cosolvent.
Application of g‐C3N4 Matrix Composites Photocatalytic Performance from Degradation of Antibiotics
Authors: Niu Jinfen , Wang Kai , Ma Zhangtengfei , Yang Fan , Zhang Yue 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSemiconductor photocatalysts have broad prospects in the removal of antibiotics in water. In numerous semiconductor light catalyst materials, g‐C3N4 has attracted much attention because of its suitable band gap, high thermal and chemical stability. But its conductivity is poor, and the visible light utilization rate is low, which restrict the range of application. Modification strategies such as doping and semiconductor materials compounding can expand the visible light absorption range and maintain the advantages of high redox capacity of the photocatalyst. This article introduces the hazards of antibiotics in water, describes the progress of research on the modification of g‐C3N4 by metal elements, non‐metal elements, metal oxides and metal sulfides to remove antibiotics (TCs, SAs etc.) in water. Finally, we try to put forward some new research directions on the basis of the current research of photocatalyst, and put forward some simple views on the application of g‐C3N4.
It's the product not the polymer: Rethinking plastic pollution
Authors: Stanton Thomas , Kay Paul , Johnson Matthew , Chan Faith Ka Shun , Gomes Rachel L. , Hughes Jennifer , Meredith William , Orr Harriet G. , Snape Colin E. , Taylor Mark , Weeks Jason , Wood Harvey , Xu Yuyao 
Published: October 2020

AbstractMismanaged plastic waste poses a complex threat to the environments that it contaminates, generating considerable concern from academia, industry, politicians, and the general public. This concern has driven global action that presents a unique opportunity for widespread environmental engagement beyond the immediate problem of the persistence of plastic in the environment. But for such an opportunity to be realized, it is vital that the realities of plastic waste are not misrepresented or exaggerated. Hotspots of plastic pollution, which are often international in their source, present complex environmental problems in certain parts of the world. Here we argue, however, that the current discourse on plastic waste overshadows greater threats to the environment and society at a global scale. Antiplastic sentiments have been exploited by politicians and industry, where reducing consumers' plastic footprints are often confused by the seldom‐challenged veil of environmental consumerism, or “greenwashing.” Plastic is integral to much of modern day life, and regularly represents the greener facilitator of society's consumption. We conclude that it is the product, not the polymer that is driving the issue of plastic waste. Contemporary consumption and disposal practices are the root of much of the anthropogenic waste in the environment, plastic, or not. Effective environmental action to minimize plastic in the environment should be motivated by changes in consumption practices, policies, and product design, and should be informed by objective science and legislation.This article is categorized under:Science of Water > Hydrological Processes
Non minimal D-type conformal matter compactified on three punctured spheres
Authors: Sabag Evyatar 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
We study compactifications of 6d non minimal (Dp+3, Dp+3) type conformal matter. These can be described by N M5-branes probing a Dp+3-type singularity. We derive 4d Lagrangians corresponding to compactifications of such 6d SCFTs on three punctured spheres (trinions) with two maximal punctures and one minimal puncture. The trinion models are described by simple $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 1 quivers with SU(2N) gauge nodes. We derive the trinion Lagrangians using RG flows between the aforementioned 6d SCFTs with different values of p and their relations to matching RG flows in their compactifications to 4d. The suggested trinions are shown to reduce to known models in the minimal case of N = 1. Additional checks are made to show the new minimal punctures uphold the expected S-duality between models in which we exchange two such punctures. We also show that closing the new minimal puncture leads to expected flux tube models.
Maximal axion misalignment from a minimal model
Authors: Huang Junwu , Madden Amalia , Racco Davide , Reig Mario 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The QCD axion is one of the best motivated dark matter candidates. The misalignment mechanism is well known to produce an abundance of the QCD axion consistent with dark matter for an axion decay constant of order 1012 GeV. For a smaller decay constant, the QCD axion, with Peccei-Quinn symmetry broken during inflation, makes up only a fraction of dark matter unless the axion field starts oscillating very close to the top of its potential, in a scenario called “large-misalignment”. In this scenario, QCD axion dark matter with a small axion decay constant is partially comprised of very dense structures. We present a simple dynamical model realising the large-misalignment mechanism. During inflation, the axion classically rolls down its potential approaching its minimum. After inflation, the Universe reheats to a high temperature and a modulus (real scalar field) changes the sign of its minimum dynamically, which changes the sign of the mass of a vector-like fermion charged under QCD. As a result, the minimum of the axion potential during inflation becomes the maximum of the potential after the Universe has cooled through the QCD phase transition and the axion starts oscillating. In this model, we can produce QCD axion dark matter with a decay constant as low as 6 × 109 GeV and an axion mass up to 1 meV. We also summarise the phenomenological implications of this mechanism for dark matter experiments and colliders.
Anomalous dimensions from thermal AdS partition functions
Authors: Kraus Per , Megas Stathis , Sivaramakrishnan Allic 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
We develop an efficient method for computing thermal partition functions of weakly coupled scalar fields in AdS. We consider quartic contact interactions and show how to evaluate the relevant two-loop vacuum diagrams without performing any explicit AdS integration, the key step being the use of Källén-Lehmann type identities. This leads to a simple method for extracting double-trace anomalous dimensions in any spacetime dimension, recovering known first-order results in a streamlined fashion.
Diabetes management interventions for homeless adults: a systematic review
Authors: Constance Janice , Lusher Joanne M. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Objectives
Recent studies investigating diabetes show that inequalities to access appropriate care still persists. Whilst most of the general population are able to access a suitable quality of care, there are a number of groups who fail to receive the same standard. The objective of this review was to identify existing diabetes management interventions for homeless adults.

Methods
A literature search was conducted in February 2017, and repeated in September 2020.

Results
Of the 223 potentially relevant articles identified, only 26 were retrieved for detailed evaluation, and 6 met the inclusion criteria. Papers focusing on the management of diabetes in homeless people were included. The studies used interventions including diabetes education; medication support and supplies for blood monitoring; improvements in self-care behaviours; improvements in diabetes control; patient empowerment/engagement; and community engagement/partnerships.

Conclusions
Effective strategies for addressing the challenges and obstacles that the homeless population face, requires innovative, multi-sectored, flexible and well-coordinated models of care. Without appropriate support, these groups of people are prone to experience poor control of their diabetes; resulting in an increased risk of developing major health complications.
Fallzahlaufkommen und Qualitätsindikatoren bei der Versorgung des abdominellen Bauchaortenaneurysmas
Authors: Ahmadzadeh Y. Carmen , Schmitz-Rixen Th. , Böckler D. , Grundmann R. T. 
Published: October 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Der MTL30 (Mortalität, Transfer, Liegezeit) wurde als Surrogatparameter zur Evaluation der Qualität potenziell komplikationsträchtiger viszeralchirurgischer Eingriffe vorgeschlagen.

Zielsetzung
Es wurde überprüft, inwieweit sich der MTL30 zu den Ergebnissen des Bauchaortenaneurysma(AAA)-Registers des Deutschen Instituts für Gefäßmedizinische Gesundheitsforschung (DIGG) der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Gefäßchirurgie und Gefäßmedizin (DGG) und zum Fallaufkommen der Kliniken korrelieren lässt.

Material und Methoden
Insgesamt 14.282 Patienten wurden endovaskulär (EVAR) und 3923 Patienten offen (OAR) elektiv wegen eines AAA versorgt. Bestimmt wurden Fallaufkommen der behandelnden Kliniken, Klinikletalität, Liegezeit und Verlegung in ein anderes Akutkrankenhaus 30 Tage nach dem Indexeingriff.

Ergebnisse
Die Klinikletalität machte bei EVAR 1,3 %, bei OAR 4,9 % aus (p = 0,000), der MTL30 5,0 % vs. 14,4 % (p = 0,000). Für EVAR ließ sich keine Beziehung zwischen Fallaufkommen und Klinikletalität (Quintile 1: 1,0 %; Quintile 5: 1,3 %) sowie Fallaufkommen und MTL30 (Quintile 1: 5,3 %; Quintile 5: 5,3 %) nachweisen. Auch bei OAR bestand keine signifikante Beziehung zwischen Fallaufkommen und Klinikletalität (Quintile 1: 5,8 %, Quintile 5: 3,5 %; p = 0,505) und Fallaufkommen und MTL30 (Quintile 1: 16,4 %, Quintile 5: 12,2 %, p = 0,110). Bei einer Klinikletalität von 7,2 (5–10) % betrug der MTL30 bei OAR 17,6 %. Sowohl bei EVAR als auch bei OAR korrelierte die stationäre Aufenthaltsdauer signifikant mit Klinikletalität und MTL30.

Diskussion
Eine eindeutige Beziehung zwischen Krankenhausfallaufkommen und Klinikletalität ließ sich im AAA-Register des DIGG nicht aufzeigen. Das gleiche galt für den MTL30. Ob demnach der MTL30 gegenüber der Erfassung von Klinikletalität und stationärer Liegezeit als Qualitätsparameter einen Zusatznutzen bietet, muss offenbleiben.
Labor market effects of a work-first policy for refugees
Authors: Arendt Jacob Nielsen 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis study estimates the labor market effects of a work-first policy aimed at speeding up the labor market integration of refugees. The policy added new requirements for refugees to actively search for jobs and to participate in on-the-job training immediately upon arrival in the host country, Denmark. The requirements were added to an existing policy that emphasizes human capital investments in language training. The results show that the work-first policy speeded up entry into regular jobs for men, but they find work in precarious jobs with few hours. Long-run effects are uncertain since the policy crowds out language investments but raises enrollment in education. The policy had no or very small effects for women, which is partly explained by a lower treatment intensity for women.
Modelling indentation of human lower-limb soft tissue: simulation parameters and their effects
Authors: Marinopoulos Theodoros , Zani Lorenzo , Li Simin , Silberschmidt Vadim V. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractModern developments of biomedical applications demand a better understanding of mechanical behaviour of soft biological tissues. As human soft tissues demonstrate a significant structural and functional diversity, characterisation of their mechanical behaviour still remains a challenge. Limitations related with implementation of mechanical experiments on human participants lead to a use of finite-element models for analysis of mechanical responses of soft tissues to different loads. This study focuses on parameters of numerical simulation considered for modelling of indentation of a human lower limb. Assessment of the effect of boundary conditions on the model size shows that at a ratio of its length to the tissue’s thickness of 1.7 for the 3D model this effect vanishes. The numerical results obtained with models employing various sets of mechanical parameters of the first-order Ogden scheme were compared with original experimental data. Furthermore, high sensitivity of the resulting reaction forces to the indenting direction is demonstrated for cases of both linear and angular misalignments of the indenter. Finally, the effect of changes in material parameters and their domain on their contribution to the reaction forces is discussed with the aim to improve our understanding of mechanical behaviour of soft tissues based on numerical methods. The undertaken research with its results on minimal requirements for finite-element models of indentation of soft tissues can support inverse analysis of their mechanical properties and underpin orthopaedic and medical procedures.
Anticipatory plastic response of the cellular immune system in the face of future injury: chronic high perceived predation risk induces lymphocytosis in a cichlid fish
Authors: Meuthen Denis , Meuthen Ingo , Bakker Theo C. M. , Thünken Timo 
Published: October 2020

AbstractVertebrate cellular immunity displays substantial variation among taxa and environments. Hematological parameters such as white blood-cell counts have emerged as a valuable tool to understand this variation by assessing the immunological status of individuals. These tools have long revealed that vertebrate cellular immune systems are highly plastic and respond to injury and infection. However, cellular immune systems may also be able to anticipate a high risk of injury from environmental cues (e.g., predation-related cues) and respond plastically ahead of time. We studied white blood-cell (leukocyte) profiles in African cichlidsPelvicachromis taeniatusthat were raised for 4 years under different levels of perceived predation risk. In a split-clutch design, we raised fish from hatching onwards under chronic exposure to either conspecific alarm cues (communicating high predation risk) or a distilled water control treatment. Differential blood analysis revealed that alarm cue-exposed fish had twice as many lymphocytes in peripheral blood as did controls, a condition called lymphocytosis. The presence of a higher number of lymphocytes makes the cellular immune response more potent, which accelerates the removal of invading foreign antigens from the bloodstream, and, therefore, may be putatively beneficial in the face of injury. This observed lymphocytosis after long-term exposure to conspecific alarm cues constitutes first evidence for an anticipatory and adaptive plastic response of the cellular immune system to future immunological challenges.
Is Covid-19 lockdown related to an increase of accesses for seizures in the emergency department? An observational analysis of a paediatric cohort in the Southern Italy
Authors: Palladino Federica , Merolla Eugenio , Solimeno Marella , de Leva Maria Fulvia , Lenta Selvaggia , Di Mita Onorina , Bonadies Anna , Striano Pasquale , Tipo Vincenzo , Varone Antonio 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe World Health Organization (WHO) declared a global pandemic of Covid-19 on 11 March 2020. The lockdown caused a lifestyle changes: an increase in the use of mobile media devices (MMDs), sleep and psychiatric disorders, incorrect habits regarding food and physical activities.We investigate prevalence of admission for seizures at our emergency department (ED), during Italian lockdown, comparing with that of the same period of the previous year (2019), and the relationship with some lifestyle changes.MethodsIn this observational study, patients (4–14 years) with seizures that accessed at our ED, during Italian lockdown, were eligible. Non-epileptic events and febrile seizures were excluded. We describe two groups: patients with new-onset seizures and not. Moreover, a questionnaire concerning use of MMDs and sleep habits was administered.ResultsFifty-seven patients were included; median age 8.03 years. Considering only paediatric medical emergencies, the prevalence of accesses for seizures was 2.6% (CI 95% 0.020–0.034), while the incidence was 0.94% (CI 95% 0.006–0.0149). There was a statistically significant difference with prevalence of previous years, χ2102.21 (p= 0.0001). We also reported a difference in daily screen time (DST) (p= 0.001) and total sleep time (TST) (p= 0.045), in all population, between period pre- and during lockdown. A negative correlation between DST and seizures latency (Spearman’s ρ-0.426,p= 0.038) was found. In the two groups, the results were partially overlapping.ConclusionsDuring lockdown period, we assisted to an increase of accesses for seizures. It is conceivable that a sleep time change and/or higher MMD use could act as triggers for seizures.
Are we expecting too much from the private sector in flood adaptation? Scenario-based field experiments with small- and medium-sized firms in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Authors: Leitold Roxana , Revilla Diez Javier , Tran Van 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAdaptive governance approaches emphasize the crucial role of the private sector in enabling climate change adaptation. Yet, the participation of local firms is still lacking, and little is known about the conditions potentially influencing firms’ adaptation decisions and mechanisms that might encourage private sector engagement. We address this gap with an empirical analysis of the willingness of manufacturing small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to participate financially in collective flood adaptation in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC), a hotspot of future climate change risk. Using scenario-based field experiments, we shed light on internal and external conditions that influence potential investments in collective initiatives and explain what role SMEs can play in flood adaptation. We find that direct impacts of floods, perceived self-responsibility, and strong local ties motivate firms to participate in collective adaptation, whereas government support, sufficient financial resources, and previously implemented flood protection strategies reduce the necessity to act collectively. Here, opportunity costs and the handling of other business risks play a decisive role in investment decisions. This study shows that although private sector engagement appears to be a promising approach, it is not a panacea. Collective initiatives on flood adaptation need formal guidance and should involve local business networks and partnerships to give voice to the needs and capacities of SMEs, but such initiatives should not overstretch firms’ responsibilities.
Comparison of the response to geometrical complexity of methods for unstationary simulations in discrete fracture networks with conforming, polygonal, and non-matching grids
Authors: Borio Andrea , Fumagalli Alessio , Scialò Stefano 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study is to compare numerical methods for the simulation of single-phase flow and transport in fractured media, described here by means of the discrete fracture network (DFN) model. A Darcy problem is solved to compute the advective field, then used in a subsequent time-dependent transport-diffusion-reaction problem. The numerical schemes are benchmarked in terms of flexibility in handling geometrical complexity, mass conservation, and stability issues for advection-dominated flow regimes. To this end, two benchmark cases, along with an additional one from a previous work, have been specifically designed and are here proposed and investigated, representing some of the most critical issues encountered in DFN simulations.
Fast and reliable procedure developed to generate soft rot Pectobacteriaceae (Pectobacterium spp. and Dickeya spp.) Tn5 mutants resistant to bacteriophage infection
Authors: Czajkowski Robert 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA simple and fast procedure has been developed to generate soft rot Pectobacteriaceae (SRP: Pectobacterium spp. and Dickeya spp.) Tn5 mutants in genes encoding receptors used by bacteriophages to interact with their hosts, for the follow-up studies. The procedure is inexpensive and does not require any specialized tools and/or dedicated technical support. The neomycin-resistant SRP Tn5 mutants are generated via conjugation with a transposon donor Escherichia coli ST18 strain (requiring 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) to survive) carrying pFAJ1819-mini-Tn5-neoR. The conjugation is done on solid medium supplemented with 5-ALA. After conjugation bacterial cells are collected, suspended in liquid bacterial medium, added to the suspension containing lytic bacteriophages and incubated for the additional 30 min with shaking (120 rpm). During this stage, the transposon recipients (Pectobacterium spp. and/or Dickeya spp. Tn5 mutants), susceptible to bacteriophage infection are lysed. Likewise, due to the lack of 5-ALA in the growth medium, E. coli ST18 (transposon donor) cells die at this stage. Finally, after incubation, the bacterial mutants with the Tn5 insertions, resistant to phage infection are selected on solid growth medium supplemented with neomycin. The Tn5 insertion sites are sequenced to acquire knowledge about the Tn5-distrupted genes and their putative function in phage-host interactions. The proposed assay allows generation of a number of immediately-available Tn5 mutants expressing phage-resistant phenotypes in a short time (ca. 48 h) that can be later characterized for various other phenotypic features. In this study, as a proof-of-concept, this method has been used to generate Dickeya solani IPO2222 Tn5 mutants resistant to infection caused by the lytic bacteriophage ɸD5.