bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimizing IoT Security: Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) Algorithms Performance in Authentication and Authorization via Physical Layer Features
Authors: AHMED KAZI ISTIAQUE , TAHIR MOHAMMAD , LAU SIAN LUN , HABAEBI MOHAMED HADI , DABBAGH MOHAMMAD , SHEIKH MUHAMMAD AMAN , AHAD ABDUL 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) techniques have been widely investigated to enhance the security of IoT networks. This research study aims to compare the performance of different Artificial Neural Network (ANN) algorithms for authentication and authorization (AA) in the Internet of Things (IoT). The analysis will specifically focus on utilizing physical layer (phy-layer) properties such as device temperature and device antenna orientation, as well as the Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) and Link Quality Indicator (LQI). The study encompasses an evaluation of ten artificial neural network (ANN) algorithms. Several optimization algorithms were evaluated in this study, classical methods (BFGS Quasi-Newton, Levenberg-Marquardt, Fletcher-Powell Conjugate Gradient, One Step Secant), specialized algorithms (Scaled Conjugate Gradient, Bayesian Regularization), and more recent developments (Conjugate Gradient with Powell/Beale Restarts, Variable Learning Rate Backpropagation, Polak-Ribiére Conjugate Gradient). Each algorithm presents a unique approach to optimizing the training process of ANNs, aiming to improve convergence rates, minimize error, and enhance overall model performance. This analysis seeks to explain the comparative advantages and limitations of these algorithms, providing a comprehensive overview that aids in selecting the most appropriate method for specific ANN applications. The methods were evaluated for performance based on the convergence epochs, Mean Squared Error (MSE), and Regression (R) values. The research findings indicate that BR and LM had superior performance, as evidenced by their lowest MSE and higher R-values. In addition, the BFG, CGF, and SCG algorithms also exhibited significant performance in terms of MSE and R-values. In contrast, GDX exhibited comparatively higher MSE and poorer correlation coefficient values (R-value) in comparison to other algorithms. This study offers useful insights into the efficacy of different ANN algorithms for AA based on the features of the Phy-Layer in IoT networks. The findings can be utilized to improve the security of IoT systems, hence contributing to progress in the realm of IoT network security.
Crypsis in a polymorphic mammal along an urbanization gradient
Authors: Proctor Jessica , Bryan Alessandra , Cosentino Bradley J. , Gibbs James P. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Urbanization transforms landscapes and alters visual environments for polymorphic species that rely on cryptic coloration for survival, potentially generating urban-rural clines in pigmentation. Such clines are evident in eastern gray squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis) populations, for which a melanic morph is currently more prevalent in cities but was historically more prevalent in rural woodlands prior to urbanization. We compared the degree of crypsis between the two primary color morphs of gray squirrels – gray and melanic – among the suite of habitats that predominate along an urbanization gradient to test whether an altered visual environment may contribute to the maintenance of an urban-rural cline in morph prevalence. Crypsis was quantified using an online game with human observers and image pixel classification to measure detectability of taxidermic mounts of each morph against their backgrounds in replicate sites within each habitat. The melanic morph was more conspicuous than the gray morph in all habitat types and across seasons, as evidenced by greater detection probabilities by human observers and lower background matching. Coat color in gray squirrels likely mediates visual detection by predators, potentially resulting in selection against the more conspicuous, melanic morph in rural woodlands. Conversely, selection via road mortality may favor the melanic morph in urban areas if vehicular collisions with melanics are more easily avoided due to their visual conspicuity. We conclude that differential crypsis between color morphs across the habitat continuum of urban-rural gradients may play an important role in maintaining urban-rural clines in coat color.
Global systematic assessment of Indigenous participation and inclusion in water governance
Authors: Kasuri Laila , Collins Alexandra , Watkins Sam 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Despite the widely acknowledged importance of involving Indigenous peoples in decision-making processes around water, no comprehensive systematic review has examined how Indigenous peoples participate in water governance processes. This paper provides the first global systematic assessment of peer-reviewed literature on Indigenous peoples’ participation and inclusion in water governance. A total of 222 peer-reviewed journal articles were reviewed, encompassing 182 case studies across 15 countries. The majority of reviewed articles (85%) focused on settler-colonial nations—Australia, Canada, the U.S., and New Zealand—while regions like Africa and Asia remain underrepresented in the literature. Findings also indicate that most Indigenous participation occurs domestically, primarily at local levels, with limited examples of Indigenous participation at the global scale. Moreover, only 18% of the studies of participation gave any consideration to Indigenous values and knowledge. Gaps include limited studies with evaluation of Indigenous participation and detailed accounts of participatory processes, highlighting priorities for future research.
A Potential Hybrid Deep Learning Approach to Temperature Prediction Using MODIS Satellite Data and Historical Records
Authors: Shahvar Mohsen Pourmohammad , Valenti Davide , Farina Vittorio , Collura Alfonso , Micciche Salvatore , Marsella Giovanni 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

This study introduces a novel hybrid approach for forecasting daily temperatures by integrating satellite imagery from MODIS Terra and Aqua with historical temperature records using a ResNet Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). The focus is on Acquedolci and Caronia, Sicily, regions with extensive mango plantations where accurate temperature forecasts are essential for crop protection and yield optimization. By leveraging the ResNet architecture’s capability to extract spatial features, combined with XGBoost and ARIMA for tabular data integration and residual correction, the model excels at identifying spatial and temporal patterns. The results demonstrate the potential of this approach to improve agricultural forecasting and climate modeling, paving the way for enhanced environmental monitoring and precise agricultural planning.
Design and preclinical assessment of mRNA-1345 prefusion F glycoprotein-encoding mRNA vaccine for respiratory syncytial virus
Authors: Shaw Christine A. , Stewart-Jones Guillaume B. E. , Jorquera Patricia , Narayanan Elisabeth , Elbashir Sayda , Kaplonek Paulina , Ma LingZhi , Hunter Naila , Hanahoe Erin , Ketova Tatiana , Mihai Cosmin , Mani Sachin , Ong Edison , Presnyak Vlad , Rabideau Amy E. , Reid David W. , Woods Angela , Carfi Andrea 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a significant cause of lower respiratory tract disease in young children and older adults. We designed a codon optimized mRNA vaccine, mRNA-1345, that encodes the RSV F-glycoprotein stabilized in the prefusion (preF) conformation and with a deletion at the cytoplasmic tail. mRNA-1345 protein expression was higher in vitro versus previous mRNA-based RSV vaccine candidates evaluated clinically. In rodent models, mRNA-1345 induced a robust neutralizing and preF-biased antibody response, a T helper 1-biased cellular response, and demonstrated dose-dependent protection against RSV challenge with no evidence of enhanced respiratory disease. These findings underscored the potential of mRNA-1345 as an effective RSV vaccine and are substantiated by clinical data demonstrating efficacy of mRNA-1345 in older adults.
Japanese experience of newborn screening for lysosomal storage diseases and adrenoleukodystrophy
Authors: Onuki Takanori , Tajika Makiko , Sugiyama Yohei , Shimura Masaru , Ichimoto Keiko , Tanaka Toju , Nyuzuki Hiromi , Kosuga Motomichi , Migita Ohsuke , Ito Tetsuya , Sasai Hideo , Bo Ryosuke , Hamada Junpei , Takashi Hamazaki , Sakai Norio , Inoue Takahito , Nakamura Kimitoshi , Okuyama Torayuki , Murayama Kei 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background: Recently, Newborn screening (NBS) has been extended worldwide to include Lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) and adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) as the importance of early diagnosis and early treatment. In Japan, NBS for LSDs, called expanded NBS, started in Kumamoto prefecture in 2006 as pilot study. NBS For ALD started in Aichi prefecture and Gifu prefecture in 2021. Expanded NBS for LSDs and ALD has spread increasingly in Japan. In light of this current situation, we considered it is necessary to clarify the usefulness of expanded NBS, prevalence of each disease, problems and issues. Therefore, we reported the current status of expanded NBS in Japan.
Method: A survey was conducted on representative physicians of expanded NBS in each target region Japan. The target regions were regions conducting NBS for LSDs and/or ALD for more than one year. The survey items were as follows: the entity conducting expanded NBS, the facilities conducting the tests, the target areas, medical institutions for close examination such as detailed biochemical analysis and/or genetic sequencing, and treatments, types of target diseases, fee for NBS, sample collection methods, testing method, and the number of taking expanded NBS, retesting, and diagnoses in each area.
Results: Responses were received from nine regions and an organization (CReARID). The total number of 733,838 newborns were tested, of whom 101 (75 with FD, 10 with mucopolysaccharidosis [MPS] II, 8 with Pompe disease [PD], 5 with Gaucher disease [GD], 2 with MPS I, 1 with ALD, respectively) were diagnosed. More cases were diagnosed with the target disease than the estimated prevalence. In contrast, the positive predictive value was low and false-positive rates was high, particularly for PD, MPS II, and ALD, have been attributed to pseudodeficiency alleles and methodological differences. Moreover, variant of unknown significance (VUS) in the ABCD1 gene was detected in many of the patients with suspected ALD.
Conclusion:In Japan, expanded NBS for LSDs and ALD is spreading increasingly. Some patients were diagnosed and received treatment. However, there are problems such as pseudodeficiency, indications, testing methods, and VUS that require improvement.
МЫСЛЕННЫЙ ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТ,ЕГО РОЛЬ В ИСТОРИЧЕСКОЙ НАУКЕ
Authors: Микешина Л.А. 
Published: December 2024

С целью изучения и развития эпистемологии социально-гуманитарного знания рассматривается частная, но принципиально значимая эпистемологическая проблема – возможность мысленного эксперимента (МЭ) в науке истории. Показаны методология и значение МЭ в естествознании, в частности, в истории физической науки, а также в эпистемологии гуманитарного знания на примере трудов В.Ф. Одоевского. Особое внимание уделено классическим формам МЭ в современной исторической науке, на примере «Метаистории» Х. Уайта и исследований средневековых феноменов «безмолвствующего большинства» (А.Я. Гуревич) и возникновения представлений о чистилище (Ж. Ле Гофф, А.Я. Гуревич).
To investigate and develop the epistemology of social studies and the humanities, this paper examines some special features of historical studies methodologies, and, in particular, how thought experiments are possible in historical studies. To begin with, the methodology and significance of thought experiments are shown in connection to the history of physics and the humanities. The main attention is paid to thought experiments and their classical forms in historical studies: H. White’s “Metahistory”, J. Le Goff’s thought experiment as an idea of value orientations generation and its justification, studies of “silent majority” and the conception of purgatory (J. Le Goff, A. Gurevich).
О ПОЛЬЗЕ ПРЕЗЕНТИЗМА,ИЛИ КАК ИЗУЧАТЬ ИСТОКИ НАЦИОНАЛЬНОГО ГОСУДАРСТВАВ ОЖИДАНИИ ЕГО ОТМИРАНИЯ
Authors: Цатурова С.К. 
Published: December 2024

Статья посвящена анализу обновления политической истории в медиевистике, под воздействием эпистомологического кризиса рубежа XX–XXI вв. Назревшая необходимость системного и междисциплинарного подхода наиболее эффективно реализуется в сфере изучения истории форм власти и построения государства. Одним из перспективных способов по-новому изучать истоки формирования в Средние века государства современного типа является презентизм. Он оправдан феноменом государства как явления «большой длительности», а также природой политической истории как опоры гражданского общества и национальной исторической памяти. Особое внимание в статье обращено на сложную взаимосвязь власти и общества в качестве нового подхода к изучению исторических форм властвования.
The paper discusses the regeneration of the political history in medieval studies, under the influence of anepistemological crisis at the turn of the 20th -21st cс. The urgent need for systemic and interdisciplinary approaches is effectively implemented in the study of the history of forms of power and statecraft. One of the most promising ways to study the origins of the formation the Modern national State in the Middle Ages is presentism. It is justified by the comprehension of the State as a phenomenon of "long duration", and by the interpretation of political history as the basis of civil society and national historical memory. Special attention is drawn to the complex relationship of power and society as a new approach to the study of historical forms of ruling.
РАЗВИТИЕ БРИТАНСКОГО ИСТОРИОГРАФИЧЕСКОГОКАНОНА ПОЗДНЕГО ПРОСВЕЩЕНИЯII. МИКРОСТРУКТУРА «ИСТОРИИ УПАДКА И РАЗРУШЕНИЯРИМСКОЙ ИМПЕРИИ» Э. ГИББОНА
Authors: Рудковская И.Е. 
Published: December 2024

В статье анализируется микроструктура «Истории упадка и разрушения Римской империи» Э. Гиббона. Выделенные в комплексах рубрик на полях его книг повторяющиеся, однотипные, кросс-сегментарные рубрики рассматриваются как маркеры целенаправленных усилий историка по систематизации исторических фактов.
The article analyzes the peculiarity of the microstructure of the «History of the decline and fall of the Roman empire». Duplicate, similar, cross-segmental rubrics, which are distinguished in the complexes of rubrics in the fields of the work by E. Gibbon, are considered as markers of dedicated efforts of the researcher to systematize historical facts.
ПУТЕШЕСТВИЯ К АПОСТОЛЬСКОЙ КУРИИ И ОБРАТНО В XII в.В КОНТЕКСТЕ ПАПСКОГО ПРАВОСУДИЯ
Authors: Петрухина Т.Ю. 
Published: December 2024

Статья посвящена анализу на материале английских источников практики путешествий к Апостольской курии и обратно с судебными целями. Ставится вопрос о пре-делах сопоставления таких путешествий с паломническими практиками, а также о влиянии нерегламентированных судебных практик на ход канонического процесса.
This article is based on the sources of English origin and is dedicated to the journeys to the Apostolic See and back for the judicial purposes. The author discusses the limitations of comparison between these journeys and the pilgrimage and the influence of non-regulated judicial practices on the canonical process.
Water level prediction model of the upper Yangtze River by cloud computing and AutoML
Authors: Li Sen , Chen Kebing , Lei Xueting , Ren Zhiyuan , Hu Jian , Liu Jianhao 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

The change in water level in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River is of great significance to flood control and navigation. As the first water control station for the mainstream of the Yangtze River after the Minjiang, Hengjiang, Tuojiang River, and other important tributaries flow into the Yangtze River, it is imperative to forecast the water level of Zhutuo Station accurately. The present study utilizes Microsoft Azure's automated machine learning platform (AutoML) and recurrent neural network (RNN) model to predict water levels at Zhutuo Station. The AutoML approach demonstrates certain advantages over RNN methodologies in terms of operability, resource utilization, computational efficiency, and hardware configuration requirements when predicting the water level of Zhutuo. The results show that the future 1-h forecast performance is similar, the mean absolute error (MAE) and root mean square error (RMSE) of the AutoML platform are 0.0098 and 0.012, respectively, and the MAE and RMSE of the RNN model are 0.0088 and 0.011, respectively. The current study's outcomes contribute valuable insights for the real-time monitoring and predictive analytics of water levels, thereby enabling waterway managers to obtain the balance between model complexity and modeling convenience.
Effect of household socioeconomic status on disposable diaper use and disposal in Greater Accra, Ghana and Kisumu, Kenya: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Asamoah Moses , Hill Allan G. , Amoah Josephine , Boafor Emefa , Dzodzomenyo Mawuli , Okotto Lorna Grace , Okotto-Okotto J. , Thomas-Possee Mair L. H. , Wright Jim A. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
Mismanaged disposable diaper (DD) waste is widespread in many urban African cities. Proposed policy responses range from free DD provision to outright bans. However, African studies examining DD consumption, disposal, and benefits are scarce. This cross-sectional study aimed to assess socio-economic variation in DD consumption, inappropriate DD disposal, and perceived benefits for children's carers. A survey interviewing 440 carers of children aged 0–36 months attending health facilities in Greater Accra, Ghana and Kisumu, Kenya found 95.0 and 94.2% used DD, respectively. Median DD consumption in a child's first 36 months was significantly higher in the wealthiest households, respectively, compared to the poorest households (4,099 versus 2,800 DD and 2,876 versus 1,714 DD, p ¼ 0.015 and 0.001 in Greater Accra and Kisumu, respectively). In Greater Accra, 10.2% of households reported burning, burying, or dumping used DD in latrines or elsewhere, compared to 30.5% in Kisumu. Carers in all wealth quintiles consistently cited DD's convenience and hygiene benefits. This confirms widespread DD consumption among rich and poor households, posing disposal challenges for those lacking waste collection services. Given DD's likely time-saving and reported convenience benefits for children's carers, we recommend waste management programmes that separate DDs for safe disposal as opposed to outright bans.
Predicting the flood peak arrival time via a comprehensive machine-learning framework: case studies in Changhua and Tunxi basins, China
Authors: Zhou Shiyu , Liu Xiaona 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Floods are becoming increasingly frequent and severe due to climate change and urbanization, thereby increasing risks to lives, property, and the environment. This necessitates the development of precise flood forecasting systems. This study addresses the critical task of predicting flood peak arrival times, which is essential for timely warnings and preparations, by introducing a comprehensive machine-learning framework. Our approach integrates interpretable feature engineering, individual model design, and novel model ensembles to enhance prediction accuracy. We extract informative features from historical flood flow and rainfall data, design a suite of machine-learning models, and develop a novel ensemble technique to combine model predictions. We conducted case studies on the Tunxi and Changhua basins in China. Numerical experiments reveal that our method significantly benefits from feature engineering and model ensembles, achieving mean absolute error (MAE) prediction errors of 1.524 h for Tunxi and 2.192 h for Changhua. These results notably outperform the best baseline method, which achieves MAE errors of 1.727 h for Tunxi and 2.737 h for Changhua.
Posługa obrońcy węzła małżeńskiego na rzecz ochrony ważności małżeństwa w procesie skróconym coram Episcopo
Authors: Krakowski Kamil 
Published: December 2024

Artykuł koncentruje się na analizie zadań procesowych podejmowanych przez obrońcę węzła małżeńskiego w procesie skróconym przed biskupem o stwierdzenie nieważności małżeństwa. Nowe normy wprowadzone przez papieża Franciszka w 2015 roku nie zmieniły pozycji i charakteru posługi obrońcy węzła. Jego udział w procesie skróconym jest obowiązkowy, ponieważ występuje on jako strona publiczna, której celem jest ochrona sakramentu małżeństwa jako dobra publicznego Kościoła. Zadaniem obrońcy węzła jest przekazywanie, poszukiwanie i proponowanie sędziemu argumentów przeciwko nieważności małżeństwa. Artykuł zajmuje się analizą posługi obrońcy węzła we wszystkich fazach procesu skróconego. Ze względu na uproszczone procedury i szybki tryb postępowania, jego udział w procesie powinien być aktywny, wnikliwy, rzetelny i merytoryczny. Artykuł wskazuje narzędzia prawne, dzięki którym obrońca węzła może właściwie wypełnić swoją posługę w celu ochrony ważności małżeństwa. Ponadto artykuł analizuje kwestię efektywności i skuteczności posługi obrońcy węzła w warunkach i okolicznościach procesu skróconego przed biskupem.
Toxicity on Social Media During the 2022 Mpox Public Health Emergency: Quantitative Study of Topical and Network Dynamics
Authors: Fan Lizhou , Li Lingyao , Hemphill Libby 
Published: December 2024

Background
Toxicity on social media, encompassing behaviors such as harassment, bullying, hate speech, and the dissemination of misinformation, has become a pressing social concern in the digital age. Its prevalence intensifies during periods of social crises and unrest, eroding a sense of safety and community. Such toxic environments can adversely impact the mental well-being of those exposed and further deepen societal divisions and polarization. The 2022 mpox outbreak, initially called “monkeypox” but later renamed to reduce stigma and address societal concerns, provides a relevant context for this issue.

Objective
In this study, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the toxic online discourse surrounding the 2022 mpox outbreak. We aimed to dissect its origins, characterize its nature and content, trace its dissemination patterns, and assess its broader societal implications, with the goal of providing insights that can inform strategies to mitigate such toxicity in future crises.

Methods
We collected >1.6 million unique tweets and analyzed them with 5 dimensions: context, extent, content, speaker, and intent. Using topic modeling based on bidirectional encoder representations from transformers and social network community clustering, we delineated the toxic dynamics on Twitter.

Results
By categorizing topics, we identified 5 high-level categories in the toxic online discourse on Twitter, including disease (20,281/43,521, 46.6%), health policy and health care (8400/43,521, 19.3%), homophobia (10,402/43,521, 23.9%), politics (2611/43,521, 6%), and racism (1784/43,521, 4.1%). Across these categories, users displayed negativity or controversial views on the mpox outbreak, highlighting the escalating political tensions and the weaponization of stigma during this infodemic. Through the toxicity diffusion networks of mentions (17,437 vertices with 3628 clusters), retweets (59,749 vertices with 3015 clusters), and the top users with the highest in-degree centrality, we found that retweets of toxic content were widespread, while influential users rarely engaged with or countered this toxicity through retweets.

Conclusions
Our study introduces a comprehensive workflow that combines topical and network analyses to decode emerging social issues during crises. By tracking topical dynamics, we can track the changing popularity of toxic content on the internet, providing a better understanding of societal challenges. Network dynamics highlight key social media influencers and their intentions, suggesting that engaging with these central figures in toxic discourse can improve crisis communication and guide policy making.