bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Grade 3 infusion-related reaction because of cetuximab administered with 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin chemotherapy for a recurrent and metastatic head and neck cancer patient who received chlorpheniramine 5 mg, dexamethasone 13.2 mg, and aprepitant 125 mg premedication
Authors: Horinouchi Ai , Suzuki Shinya , Enokida Tomohiro , Kamata Hayato , Kaneko Asumi , Matsuyama Chihiro , Fujisawa Takao , Ueda Yuri , Okano Susumu , Kawasaki Toshikatsu , Tahara Makoto 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Cetuximab (Cmab), an Immunoglobulin G1 monoclonal antibody targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor, is associated with Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor inhibitor-specific adverse drug reactions, such as skin toxicities and infusion-related reactions (IRRs). IRRs have been reported in 6–18% of patients receiving Cmab, with grade 3 and 4 reactions in 1–5% in head and neck cancer patients. Premedication with corticosteroids may prevent or dampen non-Immunoglobulin E (IgE) mediated infusion reactions. We encountered a case in which a grade 3 IRR occurred secondary to Cmab that was combined with 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin (5-fluorouracil and Cisplatin  + Cmab) chemotherapy for a recurrent and metastatic head and neck cancer patient who had received premedication consisting of chlorpheniramine 5 mg, dexamethasone 13.2 mg, and aprepitant 125 mg. Non-IgE-mediated reaction and cytokine release syndrome can be prevented by premedication. The patient had grade 3 IRRs because of Cmab, even though we used a higher dose of corticosteroid, dexamethasone 13.2 mg, and aprepitant. Severe IRRs because of Cmab occurred despite administration of a higher dose of dexamethasone, compared with the ordinary dose that ranges from 3.3 to 6.6 mg. Furthermore, his rapid symptom after Cmab intravenous administration confirmed to typical IgE-mediated reaction even though he received high dose of dexamethasone and chlorpheniramine. To prevent a critical situation due to severe Cmab IRRs is early first aid treatment when a patient has hypertensive reactions. Monitoring for symptoms of Cmab-induced IRRs requires not only the supervision of oncologists, nurses, and pharmacists but also patient awareness of the condition.
Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Appearances of Malignant Vaginal Tumors in Children: Endodermal Sinus Tumor and Rhabdomyosarcoma
Authors: Sun Fan , Zhao Shu Hui , Li Hui Min , Bao Lei , Xu Lei , Wang Deng Bin 
Published: January 2020

Purpose
The aim of this study is to analyze retrospectively the computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of pediatric vaginal endodermal sinus tumor (EST) and rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) in a case series.

Methods
Seven children with vaginal EST and 2 children with vaginal RMS underwent MRI and/or computed tomography examination before the biopsy and treatment. Images were evaluated by 2 observers for the following features: (a) tumor extent; (b) margin; (c) tumor shape; (d) tumor size; (e) architecture (solid, cystic, or mixed cystic-solid); (f) hemorrhage, necrosis, and calcification; (g) magnetic resonance T2 signal intensity; (h) pattern of the enhancement; and (i) signal intensity on diffusion-weighted imaging and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value.

Results
All of the 7 ESTs showed as a round-shaped solid mass with a location limited to the vagina without vulva and bladder invasion, whereas RMSs have an irregular grape-like appearance filling the whole vagina with vulva and bladder invasion. The invasion to the cervix was not observed in EST or RMS. Both EST and RMS were heterogeneously hyperintense on T2-weighted magnetic resonance images and enhanced remarkably and heterogeneously. Heterogeneous high signal on diffusion-weighted imaging were observed in vaginal EST and RMS. The ESTs showed a lower ADC value (mean, 1.04×10−3 mm2/s), while RMSs showed a relatively high ADC value (mean, 1.51 × 10−3 mm2/s).

Conclusions
Computed tomography and MRI may be useful tools in diagnosing the vaginal RMS and EST.
Unique Characteristics of Intravitreal Silicone Oil on Dual-Energy Computed Tomography
Authors: Sachs Jeffrey R. , Lack Christopher M. , West Thomas G. , Bunch Paul M. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Silicone oil is used as an intravitreal injection to treat retinal detachment. This material can spread into the subarachnoid space, where it may be mistaken for acute hemorrhage on single-energy computed tomography. This report describes the appearance of intravitreal silicone oil on dual-energy computed tomography, emphasizing unique virtual monoenergetic imaging characteristics that allow for confident differentiation of silicone oil from hemorrhage as well as from other potential single-energy mimics, such as calcium and iodine.
Effect of New Model-Based Iterative Reconstruction on Quantitative Analysis of Airway Tree by Computer-Aided Detection Software in Chest Computed Tomography
Authors: Jia Yongjun , Zhai Bingying , He Taiping , Yu Yong , Yu Nan , Duan Haifeng , Yang Chuangbo , Li Jian-ying 
Published: January 2020

Objective
Compared the performance of computer-aided detection (CAD) software for quantitative analysis of airway using computed tomography (CT) images reconstructed with versions of model-based iterative reconstruction (MBIR) that either balances spatial and density resolution (MBIRSTND) or prefers spatial resolution (MBIRRP20), and adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction (ASIR) with lung kernel.

Methods
Thirty patients were included who were scanned for pulmonary disease using a routine dose multidetector CT system. Data were reconstructed with ASIR, MBIRSTND, and MBIRRP20. Airway dimensions from the 3 reconstructions were measured using an automated, quantitative CAD software designed to segment and quantify the bronchial tree automatically using a skeletonization algorithm. For each patient and reconstruction algorithm, the right middle lobe bronchus was selected as a representative for measuring the bronchial length of the matched airways. Two radiologists used a semiquantitative 5-point scale to rate the subjective image quality of MBIRSTND and MBIRRP20 reconstructions on airway trees analysis.

Results
Algorithm impacts the measurement variability of bronchus length in chest CT, MBIRRP20 were the best, whereas ASIR were the worst (P < 0.05). In addition, the optimal reconstruction algorithm was found to be MBIRSTND for the airway trees being assessed about subjective noise and MBIRRP20 about bronchial end shows, and there were no significant differences in the continuity and completeness of bronchial wall, whereas ASIR performed inferiorly compared with them (P < 0.05).

Conclusions
Compared with ASIR, MBIRSTND, and MBIRRP20 from MBIRn algorithm potentially allow the desired airway quantification accuracy to be achieved on the performance of CAD, especially for MBIRRP20.
Refining Approaches to Surgical Repair of Rectovaginal Fistulas
Authors: Hauch Adam , Ramamoorthy Sonia , Zelhart Matthew , Dobke Marek 
Published: January 2020

Introduction
Rectovaginal fistulas are notorious for both their morbidity and their difficulty to treat effectively. A variety of methods for repair has been described; however, there is no consensus on the ideal repair. A better understanding of the anatomical relationship of fistulas to the anal sphincter and detrusor muscles is one of the components necessary to develop an effective treatment plan for repair and preservation of sphincter mechanics.

Methods
A review of the literature was conducted to determine the types of methods typically used by reconstructive surgeons for repair of rectovaginal fistulas. A critical clinical analysis of our series of 10 patients was performed to determine optimal strategies for and pitfalls of repair in the context of recent reports in hopes of refining surgical techniques.

Results
Detailed anatomical understanding of the relationship of fistulas to the surrounding sphincter muscles is described. Etiology of the fistula and its anatomical relationship to the surrounding sphincter complex is used to help develop an algorithm for repair. Suprasphincteric fistulas will necessitate a laparotomy for repair, intersphincteric fistulas will often require muscle interposition with recreation of the vaginal and rectal walls, and low/transphincteric fistulas will require local flaps mostly for coverage and repair of the sphincter muscles.

Conclusions
Complex rectovaginal fistulas are both debilitating for the patient and extremely difficult to manage. Plastic surgeons are often involved in such cases only after previous attempts at repair have failed. The success of surgery in treating these patients with rectovaginal fistulas depends on a variety of factors. Unfortunately, the available literature describing these repairs lacks uniform guidance regarding approach to repair. Herein, we attempt to detail the possible anatomical variations of fistulas in relationship to the sphincter muscles to begin the discussion necessary for the development of an algorithm for repair that considers preservation of sphincter mechanism function.
Impact of Nativity Status on Dietary Behavior and Obesity Among US Adults
Authors: Alese Joyce T. , Alese Olatunji B. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackground/ObjectivesNon-communicable diseases and chronic conditions such as obesity continue to emerge as public health crises in the United States (US) and globally. It is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. We aimed to evaluate how U.S. immigrants compare to native-born adults regarding obesity-related behavior such as dietary intake.Subjects/MethodsThe Health Information National Trends Survey was analyzed for this study. The survey was conducted between September and December 2013. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression models were utilized for covariates of interest.Results3131 respondents were included in the analysis. Mean age was 54.68 years (SD +/- 16.5) with a female preponderance (61%). Majority were native-born (83%). About 25% of the immigrants were obese, compared to 34% of non-immigrants. After adjusting for gender, age group, race/ethnicity, level of education, marital status and income category, immigrants were more likely to take some quantity of fruit daily (aOR = 1.88; 95% CI: 1.07 - 3.32; p = 0.0290); and less likely to consume soda every week (adjusted OR = 0.74; 95% CI: 0.55 - 0.98; p = 0.0383). Compared to Caucasians, Hispanics (aOR = 2.00; 95% CI: 1.50 - 2.65; p <.0001) and Blacks (aOR = 2.76; 95% CI: 2.08 - 3.64; p <.0001) were more likely to consume soda on a weekly basis.ConclusionU.S. immigrants are less likely to be obese, and they have healthier dietary behavior compared to non-immigrants. Further studies are needed to determine the effects of various socio-economic, demographic and cultural factors that impact determinants of obesity.
Identification of Blood-based Non-invasive Biomarkers and Therapeutic Agents against Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC): A Network-based Study
Authors: Ullah Md. Asad , Sarkar Bishajit , Akter Fayza 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most demolishing form of pancreatic cancer with poor prognosis and rising incidence. Difficulties in the early detection and aggressive biological nature of this disease are responsible for most of the therapeutic failures. In this study publicly available microarray expression data of full RNA from peripheral blood of PDAC patient has been utilized via network-based approach in order to identify potential non-invasive biomarkers and drug targets for early diagnosis and treatment of PDAC. Analysis of differentially expressed genes revealed their predominant involvement in translational process, apoptotic process, protein phosphorylation, immune responses, ATP binding, protein binding and signal transduction. Moreover, CREBBP, MAPK14, MAPK1, SMAD3, UBC, MAGOH, HSP90AB1, RPL23A, ACTB and STAT3 were identified as the best proteome signatures, GATA2, FOXC1, PPARG, E2F1, HINFP, USF2, MEF2A, FOXL1, YY1 and NFIC were identified as the best transcriptional regulatory signatures, and hsa-miR-93, hsa-miR-16, hsa-miR-195, hsa-miR-424, hsa-miR-506, hsa-miR-124, hsa-miR-590-3p, hsa-miR-1, hsa-miR-497 and hsa-miR-9 were identified as the best post-transcriptional regulatory signatures in PDAC patient. Analysis of drug-gene interaction revealed Anisomycin, Azactidine, Arsenic trioxide, Bortezomib, Ulixertinib and some other molecules as the probable candidate molecules which may reverse PDAC condition.
Molecular Profiling of Breast Cancer Susceptibility of Obese or Insulin-Resistant and Pre-Diabetic Patients Using ITLN1 and CD295 SNPs
Authors: Hamdy Nadia M. , El-Shemy Reham A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMutations in cluster of differentiation (CD) 295 gene, encoding class I cytokine receptor, are associated with obesity and breast cancer (BC). SNPs in the adipocyte-inferred novel cytokine intelectin 1 (ITLN1) remain understudied in connection to CD295 polymorphisms and diabetes mellitus (DM) or a pre-diabetic state, as well as to DNA damage seen in BC. We will explore whether CD295 (ID rs6700896) and ITLN1 (rs rs952804) SNPs impact BC with or without DM, insulin resistance (IR) or obesity. Effects of ITLN1 or CD295 polymorphism(s) on DNA damage in BC were also examined. Blood samples from 170 women with BC (including 33 and 48 with DM and pre-diabetes, respectively) and from 108 age-matched women in the control group were collected. Plasma insulin, leptin, CD295, and ITLN1 levels were measured by ELISA. DNA damage was assessed using an alkaline comet assay.BC cases with clinical stage T II and positive LN as well as tumor histologic grade III, presence of obesity, pre-diabetic events, DM or IR were associated with CD295 rs6700986 mutant homozygous (CC) and heterozygous (CT) genotype and ITLN1 rs952804 mutant heterozygous genotype (CT) (P ≤ 0.05). Tail DNA (%) and tail moment units were significantly associated with CD295 rs6700986 CT and ITLN1 rs952804 TT genotypes. C allele (CT+CC vs. TT) and T allele (TT+CT vs. CC) for CD295 rs6700986 and ITLN1 rs952804, respectively, were associated with BC risk (P ≤ 0.05). ITLN1 (rs952804) and CD295 (rs6700986) SNPs should be considered as BC associated-susceptibility risk factors in obese, insulin resistant, or pre-diabetics.Graphical AbstractRemarks/HighlightsITLN1 and CD295 polymorphism testing might be utilized for accessing BC susceptibility in either obese or insulin resistant, pre-diabetic patients.A modestly increased risk of BC in women harboring the C allele of CD295 rs6700986 polymorphism and the T allele of the ITLN1 rs952804, where:Tumor clinical stage T II and positive LN involvement as well as the tumor histologic grade III, obesity existence, pre-diabetic event and being diabetic as well as IR cases were associated with CD295 rs6700986 mutant homozygous (CC) and heterozygous (CT) genotype and ITLN1 rs952804 mutant heterozygous cases (CT) (P ≤ 0.05).Tail DNA (%) and tail moment unit were significantly associated with CD295 rs6700986 CT genotype and ITLN1 rs952804 TT. These SNPs could be considered as BC associated risk factor.In dominant effect of the C allele (CT+CC vs TT) and the T allele (TT+CT vs CC) for CD295 rs6700986 and ITLN1 rs952804, respectively, were associated with BC events and risk (P ≤ 0.05).CD295 rs6700986 and ITLN1 rs952804 SNPs may be considered BC-associated risk for G3, T2, +LN, obesity, pre-diabetic/diabetic and IR in BC patients.
Therapy-induced lipid uptake and remodeling underpin ferroptosis hypersensitivity in prostate cancer
Authors: Tousignant Kaylyn D , Rockstroh Anja , Poad Berwyck LJ , Talebi Ali , Young Reuben RS , Fard Atefeh Taherian , Gupta Rajesh , Zang Tuo , Wang Chenwei , Lehman Melanie L , Swinnen Johan V , Blanksby Stephen J , Nelson Colleen C , Sadowski Martin C 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundMetabolic reprograming, non-mutational epigenetic changes, increased cell plasticity and multidrug tolerance are early hallmarks of therapy resistance in cancer. In this temporary, therapy-tolerant state, cancer cells are highly sensitive to ferroptosis, a form of regulated cell death that is caused by oxidative stress through excess levels of iron-dependent peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). However, mechanisms underpinning therapy-induced ferroptosis hypersensitivity remain to be elucidated.MethodsWe used quantitative single cell imaging of fluorescent metabolic probes, transcriptomics, proteomics and lipidomics to perform a longitudinal analysis of the adaptive response to androgen receptor-targeted therapies (androgen deprivation and enzalutamide) in prostate cancer (PCa).ResultsWe discovered that cessation of cell proliferation and a robust reduction in bioenergetic processes were associated with multidrug tolerance and a strong accumulation of lipids. The gain in lipid biomass was fueled by enhanced lipid uptake through cargo non-selective (macropinocytosis, tunneling nanotubes) and cargo-selective mechanisms (lipid transporters), whereasde novolipid synthesis was strongly reduced. Enzalutamide induced extensive lipid remodeling of all major phospholipid classes at the expense of storage lipids, leading to increased desaturation and acyl chain length of membrane lipids. The rise in membrane PUFA levels enhanced membrane fluidity and lipid peroxidation, causing hypersensitivity to glutathione peroxidase (GPX4) inhibition and ferroptosis. Combination treatments against AR and fatty acid desaturation, lipase activities or growth medium supplementation with antioxidants or PUFAs altered GPX4 dependence. Despite multidrug tolerance, PCa cells displayed an enhanced sensitivity to inhibition of lysosomal processing of exogenous lipids, highlighting an increased dependence on lipid uptake in the therapy-tolerant state.ConclusionsOur work provides mechanistic insight into processes of lipid metabolism that underpin the acquisition of therapy-induced GPX4 dependence and ferroptosis hypersensitivity to standard of care therapies in PCa. It demonstrated novel strategies to suppress the therapy-tolerant state that may have potential to delay and combat resistance to androgen receptor-targeted therapies, a currently unmet clinical challenge of advanced PCa. Since enhanced GPX4 dependence is an adaptive phenotype shared by several types of cancer in response to different therapies, our work might have universal implications for our understanding of metabolic events that underpin resistance to cancer therapies.
Towards Autonomous Intra-cortical Brain Machine Interfaces: Applying Bandit Algorithms for Online Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Shaikh Shoeb , So Rosa , Sibindi Tafadzwa , Libedinsky Camilo , Basu Arindam 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis paper presents application of Banditron - an online reinforcement learning algorithm (RL) in a discrete state intra-cortical Brain Machine Interface (iBMI) setting. We have analyzed two datasets from non-human primates (NHPs) - NHP A and NHP B each performing a 4-option discrete control task over a total of 8 days. Results show average improvements of ≈ 15%, 6% in NHP A and 15%, 21% in NHP B over state of the art algorithms - Hebbian Reinforcement Learning (HRL) and Attention Gated Reinforcement Learning (AGREL) respectively. Apart from yielding a superior decoding performance, Banditron is also the most computationally friendly as it requires two orders of magnitude less multiply-and-accumulate operations than HRL and AGREL. Furthermore, Banditron provides average improvements of at least 40%, 15% in NHPs A, B respectively compared to popularly employed supervised methods - LDA, SVM across test days. These results pave the way towards an alternate paradigm of temporally robust hardware friendly reinforcement learning based iBMIs.
CG14906 (mettl4) mediates m6A methylation of U2 snRNA inDrosophila
Authors: Gu Lei , Wang Longfei , Chen Hao , Hong Jiaxu , Shen Zhangfei , Dhall Abhinav , Lao Taotao , Liu Chaozhong , Wang Zheng , Xu Yifan , Tang Hong-Wen , Chakraborty Damayanti , Chen Jiekai , Liu Zhihua , Rogulja Dragana , Perrimon Norbert , Wu Hao , Shi Yang 
Published: January 2020

AbstractRecent studies reported that METTL4 regulates DNA 6mA in vivo and therefore is a candidate DNA m6A methyltransfease. However, the enzymatic activity of METTL4 in vitro has not been demonstrated in part due to the difficulties of obtaining well-folded proteins. Here we show that mettl4 is a major methyltransfase responsible for m6A methylation of U2 snRNA both in vitro and in vivo in fly, and identify adenosine at 29th position as the site of m6A methylation. This study answered a long-standing question regarding the enzymatic activity of METTL4, and thus paved the way for further investigating the functions of METTL4 in different biological settings.
Directional motion of a vesicle on conical surfaces
Authors: Zhenpeng Ge 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe spontaneous directional motion of vesicles on both the outer and inner surfaces of a conical substrate is observed in this work. We showed that the motion is ultra-fast and the maximum velocity can be as high as 2.14 nm/μs.The driving force behind is attributed to the reduction of the bending energy along the conical surface, which possesses high curvature gradient.SummaryWe observed and explained the spontaneous directional motion of vesicles on both the concave and convex surfaces of a cone.
Sclerotinia sclerotiorumhijacks copper from its host for infection
Authors: Ding Yijuan , Mei Jiaqin , Chai Yaru , Yang Wenjing , Mao Yi , Yan Baoqin , Yu Yang , Disi Joseph Onwusemu , Rana Kusum , Li Jiana , Qian Wei 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSclerotinia sclerotioruminduces host reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, which leads to necrosis in the host, allowing the pathogen to absorb nutrients from the dead tissues. Here, we found that threeS. sclerotiorumgenes involved in copper ion import/transport,SsCTR1,SsCCSandSsATX1, were significantly up-regulated during infection ofBrassica oleracea. Function analysis revealed that these genes involved in fungal ROS detoxification, oxalic acid production, pathogen establishment and virulence. On the host side, four genes putatively involved in copper ion homeostasis,BolCCS,BolCCH,BolMT2AandBolDRT112, were significantly down-regulated in susceptibleB. oleracea, but stably expressed in resistantB. oleraceaduring infection. Their homologs were found to promote resistance to necrotrophic pathogens and increase antioxidant activity inArabidopsis thaliana. Furthermore, copper concentration analysis indicated that copper is transported into the necrotic area from healthy area during infection. Collectively, our data suggest thatS. sclerotiorumhijacks host copper to detoxify ROS, whereas the resistant hosts restrict the supply of essential copper nutrients toS. sclerotiorumby maintaining copper ion homeostasis during infection.
Aberrant synaptic release underlies sleep/wake transition deficits in a mouseVamp2mutant
Authors: Banks Gareth T. , Guillaumin Mathilde C. C. , Heise Ines , Lau Petrina , Yin Minghui , Bourbia Nora , Aguilar Carlos , Bowl Michael R. , Esapa Chris , Brown Laurence A. , Hasan Sibah , Tagliatti Erica , Nicholson Elizabeth , Bains Rasneer Sonia , Wells Sara , Vyazovskiy Vladyslav V. , Volynski Kirill , Peirson Stuart N. , Nolan Patrick M. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSleep-wake transitions are modulated through extensive subcortical networks although the precise roles of their individual components remain elusive. Using forward genetics andin vivoelectrophysiology, we identified a recessive mouse mutant line characterised by a reduced propensity to transition between all sleep states while a profound loss in total REM sleep time was evident. The causative mutation, an Ile102Asn substitution in VAMP2, was associated with substantial synaptic changes whilein vitroelectrophysiological investigations with fluorescence imaging revealed a diminished probability of vesicular release in mutants. We conclude that the synaptic efficiency of the entire subcortical brain network determines the likelihood that an animal transitions from one vigilance state to the next.