bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decrease in sleep quality during COVID-19 outbreak
Authors: Targa Adriano D. S. , Benítez Iván D. , Moncusí-Moix Anna , Arguimbau Maria , de Batlle Jordi , Dalmases Mireia , Barbé Ferran 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Purpose: The COVID-19 outbreak witnessed in the first months of 2020 has led to unprecedented changes in society’s lifestyle. In the current study, we aimed to investigate the effect of this unexpected context on sleep.Methods: During the COVID-19 outbreak, we performed an online survey with individuals formerly recruited for validation of the Spanish version of the sleep questionnaire Satisfaction, Alertness, Timing, Efficiency, and Duration (SATED). In the current survey, we asked the participants to complete the previously answered questionnaires, including the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), a modified version of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and the SATED questionnaire. We also assessed mood using the Profile of Mood States (POMS) questionnaire.Results: The 71 participants were mostly women (75%), with a mean (±SD) age of 40.7 ± 11.9 years. Comparing the previous PSQI score to that during the COVID-19 outbreak, we observed worsening sleep quality (5.45 ± 3.14 to 6.18 ± 3.03 points, p = 0.035). In parallel, there was an increase in the negative mood (p = 0.002). Accordingly, the decrease in sleep quality was substantially correlated with negative mood (p < 0.001). There were no differences in the ESS or SATED.Conclusions: The COVID-19 outbreak-associated events correlate with decreased sleep quality in association with an increase in negative mood. Considering the importance of sleep for a healthy life, and in particular for immune function, efforts should be made to improve awareness of this matter and to offer psychological assistance to affected individuals.
Improvement in Hypertension Management with Pharmacological and Non- Pharmacological Approaches: Current Perspectives
Authors: Hong Dongsheng , Shan Wenya 
Published: September 2020

Purpose:
Improving hypertension management is still one of the biggest challenges in public health
worldwide. Existing guidelines do not reach a consensus on the optimal Blood Pressure (BP) target. Therefore,
how to effectively manage hypertension based on individual characteristics of patients, combined with the pharmacological
and non-pharmacological approach, has become a problem to be urgently considered.

Methods:
Reports published in PubMed that covered Pharmacological and Non-Pharmacological Approaches
in subjects taking hypertension management were reviewed by the group independently and collectively. Practical
recommendations for hypertension management were established by the panel.

Results:
Pharmacological mechanism, action characteristics, and main adverse reactions varied across different
pharmacological agents, and patients with hypertension often require a combination of antihypertensive medications
to achieve the target BP range. Non-pharmacological treatment provides an additional effective method
for improving therapy adherence and long-term BP control, thus reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases,
and slowing down the progression of the disease.

Conclusion:
This review summarizes the available literature on the most convincing guideline principles, pharmacological
treatment, biotechnology interference, interventional surgical treatment, managing hypertension
with technical means of big data, Artificial Intelligence and Behavioral Intervention, as well as providing future
directions, for facilitating Current and Developing knowledge into clinical implementation.
The Potential Role of Carbon Nanoparticles in Lymph Node Tracing, Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Identification and Parathyroid Preservation During Thyroid Surgery: A Systematic Review
Authors: Spartalis Eleftherios , Giannakodimos Alexios , Athanasiadis Dimitrios I. , Chrysikos Dimosthenis , Paschou Stavroula A. , Schizas Dimitrios , Patelis Nikolaos , Papasilekas Themistoklis , Themistoklis Konstantinos , Spartalis Michael , Troupis Theodore , Nikiteas Nikolaos 
Published: September 2020

Background/Objective:
Carbon nanoparticles (CNs) are a novel injected suspension used during thyroidectomy
in order to black stain the thyroid gland and the lymph nodes while maintaining the anatomic color
of the parathyroid glands and the laryngeal nerves. The aim of this systematic review is to investigate the benefits
of carbon nanoparticles in thyroid surgical procedures and examine their role in lymph node tracing,
parathyroid preservation, and recurrent laryngeal nerve protection.

Methods:
A systematic review of the literature in the PubMed/Medline database was performed. Articles reporting
randomized clinical trials, prospective, and retrospective studies that compared the use of carbon nanoparticles
in one group of patients with a control-blank group were included. The article was reported in accordance
with PRISMA guidelines (CRD42021243015).

Results:
The search strategy retrieved 22 studies of the literature. Fourteen studies calculated a greater number
of lymph nodes detected/dissected in the central neck zone to the patients using CN solution and 1 article noted
a higher rate of lymph nodes resected in the lateral neck zone in the same group of patients. A significant increase
in the number of metastatic lymph nodes retrieved in the CN group was found in 7 studies. Twenty-one
studies suggested that the use of CNs for the protection of the parathyroid glands was beneficial. Transient hypoparathyroidism
and transient hypocalcemia were presented with a significantly lower incidence in the CN
group in 13 and in 8 studies, respectively.

Conclusion:
Carbon nanoparticles may improve both central and lateral neck dissection and enhance parathyroid
gland identification and preservation.
Identification of Biomarkers and Functional Modules from Genomic Data in Stage-wise Breast Cancer
Authors: Kanathezath Athira , Chembra Vrinda , Padingare Variyath Sunil Kumar , Nair Gopakumar Gopalakrishnan 
Published: September 2020

Background:
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women across the world, with
high incidence and mortality rates. Being a heterogeneous disease, gene expression profiling based
analysis plays a significant role in understanding breast cancer. Since expression patterns of patients
belonging to the same stage of breast cancer vary considerably, an integrated stage-wise analysis involving
multiple samples is expected to give more comprehensive results and understanding of breast
cancer.

Objective:
The objective of this study is to detect functionally significant modules from gene coexpression
network of cancerous tissues and to extract prognostic genes related to multiple stages of
breast cancer.

Methods:
To achieve this, a multiplex framework is modelled to map the multiple stages of breast cancer, which
is followed by a modularity optimization method to identify functional modules from it. These functional modules are
found to enrich many Gene Ontology terms significantly that are associated with cancer.

Result and Discussion:
Predictive biomarkers are identified based on differential expression analysis
of multiple stages of breast cancer.

Conclusion:
Our analysis identified 13 stage-I specific genes, 12 stage-II specific genes, and 42 stage-III specific genes
that are significantly regulated and could be promising targets of breast cancer therapy. That apart, we could identify 29,
18 and 26 lncRNAs specific to stage I, stage II and stage III respectively.
Optimal Inventory Policies for Price and Time Sensitive Demand Under
Advertisement
Authors: Shah Nita , Patel Ekta , Rabari Kavita 
Published: September 2020

Aims:
This article analyzes an inventory system for deteriorating items. The demand is quadratic function of time and is dependent on time, price and advertisement. Shortages are allowed and partially backlogged.

Background:
Demand and pricing are the two most crucial factors in inventory policy for any business to be successful. In today’s era of competitive circumstances, any product is promoted through advertisement, which plays a vital role in changing the demand pattern among the community. The marketing and demonstration of an item by time-to-time with fashionable advertisements through well-known media such as TV, radio, newspaper, magazine, etc. However, this idea is not always true for some goods like wheat, vegetables, fruits, food grains, medicines and other perishable goods due to their deteriorating nature and this in turn decreases demand for such goods. Deterioration may define as decay, damage, spoilage, evaporation, obsolescence, pilferage. Hence, deterioration effect is a major part in inventory control theory. So in this article demand rate is considered to be a function of selling price, time and occurrence of advertisement instantaneously.

Objective:
A solution procedure is obtained to find optimal number of price changes and optimal selling price to maximize the total profit.

Method:
Classical Optimization.

Result:
From the sensitivity analysis table, it can be seen that the optimal profit is highly sensible to advertisement coefficient and purchase cost. With an increment in rate of deterioration, selling price decreases. Scale demand has reasonable effect on cycle time and selling price. When the value of increase, the cycle length and profit goes on decreasing. Growth in profit is observed if we increase parameter b, higher will be the profit. Price elasticity is sensible parameter with respect to selling price. If backlogging rate increases, the profit will decreases. The inventory parameters holding cost, back order cost and lost sale cost have marginal effect on total profit.

Conclusion:
In this article, an inventory model is proposed for deteriorating items with variable demand depends upon the advertisement, selling price of the item and time. Shortages are allowed and partially backlogged and backlogging rate depends on the waiting time for the next replenishment. From this article, we can conclude that the parameters are insensible with respect to optimal profit, cycle time and selling price and rest of the parameters have practical output on total profit.
Improving Fine-grained Opinion Mining Approach with a Deep Constituency Tree-long Short Term Memory Network and Word Embedding
Authors: Bouras Dalila , Amroune Mohamed , Bendjenna Hakim , Bendib Issam 
Published: September 2020

Objective:
One key task of fine-grained opinion mining on product review is to extract
product aspects and their corresponding opinion expressed by users. Previous work has demonstrated
that precise modeling of opinion targets within the surrounding context can improve performances.
However, how to effectively and efficiently learn hidden word semantics and better represent targets
and the context still needs to be further studied. Recent years have seen a revival of the Long Short-
Term Memory (LSTM), with its effectiveness being demonstrated on a wide range of problems.
However, LSTM based approaches are still limited to linear data processing since it processes the
information sequentially. As a result, they may perform poorly on user-generated texts, such as product
reviews, tweets, etc., whose syntactic structure is not precise.

Methods:
In this research paper, we propose a constituency tree long short term memory neural network-
based approach. We compare our model with state-of-the-art baselines on SemEval 2014 datasets.

Results:
Experiment results show that our models obtain competitive performances compared to
various supervised LSTM architectures.

Conclusion:
Our work contributes to the improvement of state-of-the-art aspect-level opinion mining
methods and offers a new approach to support the human decision-making process based on opinion
mining results.
Potential Benefits and Risks Resulting From the Introduction of Health Apps and Wearables Into the German Statutory Health Care System: Scoping Review
Authors: Heidel Alexandra , Hagist Christian 
Published: September 2020

Background
Germany is the first country worldwide that has introduced a digital care act as an incentive system to enhance the use of digital health devices, namely health apps and wearables, among its population. The act allows physicians to prescribe statutory financed and previously certified health apps and wearables to patients. This initiative has the potential to improve treatment quality through better disease management and monitoring.

Objective
The aim of this paper was to outline the key concepts related to the potential risks and benefits discussed in the current literature about health apps and wearables. Furthermore, this study aimed to answer the research question: Which risks and benefits may result from the implementation of the digital care act in Germany?

Methods
We conducted the scoping study by searching the databases PubMed, Google Scholar, and JMIR using the keywords health apps and wearables. We discussed 55 of 136 identified articles published in the English language from 2015 to March 2019 in this paper using a qualitative thematic analysis approach.

Results
We identified four key themes within the articles: Effectivity of health apps and wearables to improve health; users of health apps and wearables; the potential of bring-your-own, self-tracked data; and concerns and data privacy risks. Within these themes, we identified three main stages of benefits for the German health care system: Usage of health apps and wearables; continuing to use health apps and wearables; and sharing bring-your-own; self-tracked data with different agents in the health care sector.

Conclusions
The digital care act could lead to an improvement in treatment quality through better patient monitoring, disease management, personalized therapy, and better health education. However, physicians should play an active role in recommending
and supervising health app use to reach digital-illiterate or health-illiterate people. Age must not be an exclusion criterion. Yet, concerns about data privacy and security are very strong in Germany. Transparency about data processing should be provided at all times for continuing success of the digital care act in Germany.
Interactive Clinical Avatar Use in Pharmacist Preregistration Training: Design and Review
Authors: Thompson Jessica , White Simon , Chapman Stephen 
Published: September 2020

Background
Virtual patients are interactive computer-based simulations that are being increasingly used in modern health care education. They have been identified as tools that can provide experiential learning and assessment in a standardized and safe environment. However, the study of high-fidelity virtual patients such as interactive clinical avatars within pharmacy is limited.

Objective
The aim of this paper is to describe the design and review of three interactive clinical avatar simulations as part of pharmacist preregistration training.

Methods
A multistep design approach was taken to create interactive clinical avatar simulations on the topics of emergency hormonal contraception (EHC), calculation of renal function, and childhood illnesses. All case studies were reviewed by registered pharmacists to establish content and face validity. The EHC case study and data collection questionnaire were also reviewed by a purposive sample of preregistration trainees and newly qualified pharmacists. The questionnaire used Likert ranking statements and open-ended questions to obtain users’ feedback on the design, usability, and usefulness of the interactive clinical avatars as learning tools. Descriptive statistics and content analysis were undertaken on the data.

Results
Ten preregistration trainees and newly qualified pharmacists reviewed the EHC interactive clinical avatars and data collection questionnaire. The data collection questionnaire was associated with a Cronbach alpha=.95, demonstrating good reliability. All three interactive clinical avatar simulations were reported as usable and appropriately designed for preregistration training. Users perceived they were developing skills and knowledge from the simulations. The high-fidelity nature of the avatars and relevance of the simulations to real-life practice were reported as aspects that encouraged the application of theory to practice. Improvements were suggested to ensure the simulations were more user-friendly.

Conclusions
The design and creation of the interactive clinical avatar simulations was successful. The multistep review process ensured validity and reliability of the simulations and data collection questionnaire. The in-depth explanation of the design process and provision of a questionnaire may help widen the use and evaluation of interactive clinical avatars or other simulation tools in pharmacy education. The interactive clinical avatars were reported as novel learning tools that promoted experiential learning and allowed users to feel like they were engaging in real-life scenarios, thus developing transferable knowledge and skills. This may be potentially beneficial for many health care training courses as a way to provide standardized experiences promoting active learning and reflection.
Feasibility of Asynchronous and Automated Telemedicine in Otolaryngology: Prospective Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Cha Dongchul , Shin Seung Ho , Kim Jungghi , Eo Tae Seong , Na Gina , Bae Seonghoon , Jung Jinsei , Kim Sung Huhn , Moon In Seok , Choi Jaeyoung , Park Yu Rang 
Published: September 2020

Background
COVID-19 often causes respiratory symptoms, making otolaryngology offices one of the most susceptible places for community transmission of the virus. Thus, telemedicine may benefit both patients and physicians.

Objective
This study aims to explore the feasibility of telemedicine for the diagnosis of all otologic disease types.

Methods
A total of 177 patients were prospectively enrolled, and the patient’s clinical manifestations with otoendoscopic images were written in the electrical medical records. Asynchronous diagnoses were made for each patient to assess Top-1 and Top-2 accuracy, and we selected 20 cases to conduct a survey among four different otolaryngologists to assess the accuracy, interrater agreement, and diagnostic speed. We also constructed an experimental automated diagnosis system and assessed Top-1 accuracy and diagnostic speed.

Results
Asynchronous diagnosis showed Top-1 and Top-2 accuracies of 77.40% and 86.44%, respectively. In the selected 20 cases, the Top-2 accuracy of the four otolaryngologists was on average 91.25% (SD 7.50%), with an almost perfect agreement between them (Cohen kappa=0.91). The automated diagnostic model system showed 69.50% Top-1 accuracy. Otolaryngologists could diagnose an average of 1.55 (SD 0.48) patients per minute, while the machine learning model was capable of diagnosing on average 667.90 (SD 8.3) patients per minute.

Conclusions
Asynchronous telemedicine in otology is feasible owing to the reasonable Top-2 accuracy when assessed by experienced otolaryngologists. Moreover, enhanced diagnostic speed while sustaining the accuracy shows the possibility of optimizing medical resources to provide expertise in areas short of physicians.
Medical oncology referral and systemic therapy of patients with advanced stage urothelial carcinoma
Authors: Aly Abdalla , Johnson Courtney , Doleh Yunes , Shenolikar Rahul , Botteman Marc F , Hussain Arif 
Published: September 2020

Aim:
To understand physician visit patterns among patients with stage IV (including nonmetastatic [M0] and metastatic [M1] disease) urothelial carcinoma (UC) and understand factors associated with a timely referral to a medical oncologist and systemic treatment.
Patients & methods:
Retrospective analysis of Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results-Medicare data.
Results:
First physician encounter was with a urologist (M0: 69%; M1: 53%) or primary care physician ([PCP]; M0: 19%, M1: 25%) for the majority of patients around UC diagnosis. After the index urologist encounter, most patients had a subsequent medical oncologist visit at a median of 52 days (M0: 69.5 days, M1: 33 days). In an adjusted model, older age, index PCP visit, higher comorbidities and M0 disease were negatively associated with a medical oncologist referral. Among those referred to a medical oncologist, older age, Hispanic or non-Hispanic Black race and not being married were negatively associated with subsequent chemotherapy receipt (p < 0.05).
Conclusion:
Many patients with advanced UC encounter multiple specialists during their disease course. Older patients or those with a first UC-related encounter with a PCP are less likely to be referred to medical oncology. Once referred to medical oncology, social determinants, including race and marital status, are relevant predictors of receiving chemotherapy.
Relación de la industria farmacéutica con los médicos residentes de la República Dominicana
Authors: Elías Melgen Ricardo , Mota Curiel César 
Published: September 2020

Introducción: las relaciones médicas con la industria farmacéutica son cada vez más complejas y los desafíos éticos que plantea son reales.
Objetivo: conocer la relación que existe entre la industria farmacéutica con los médicos residentes del país y el impacto que pudiera tener esta relación.
Material y Métodos: estudio descriptivo transversal mediante encuesta electrónica anónima. Se consideró la participación si confirmaban el llenado de la encuesta, que estuvo disponible durante abril y mayo de 2019. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo y se aseguró la confidencialidad y el anonimato de los datos.
Resultados: se encuestaron 77 médicos residentes del país; 55.8 % recibe semanalmente visita del representante farmacéutico. Al menos cinco veces al año recibieron obsequio (49.4 %), participaron en comida, cena u otro evento social (48.1 %), participó en charla financiada por empresa farmacéutica (57.1 %). 40.3 % recibieron una vez al año el pago por parte de la industria farmacéutica, de inscripción/viaje a algún evento (congreso, jornada, etc.).
Están de acuerdo en que los regalos/propuestas de la industria farmacéutica influyen en la prescripción de los medicamentos (20.8 %), considera bien aceptar pago de eventos (45.4 %), refirieron que en su residencia se suelen aceptar regalos y ofertas y no ha tenido un espacio formativo sobre relaciones con la industria farmacéutica (89.6 %).
Conclusión: existe un alto nivel de contacto de los médicos residentes con la industria farmacéutica, es necesario más y mejor formación en manejo de conflictos de intereses en la práctica profesional.
Sepsis en pacientes con tumores sólidos en quimioterapia
Authors: Carvajal Aballe Mónica , Aguirrechu Caballero Iraida 
Published: September 2020

El cáncer constituye un problema de salud mundial. Múltiples factores relacionados con la enfermedad y los tratamientos provocan predisposición a las infecciones en el paciente oncológico. La sepsis, constituye una importante causa de morbimortalidad. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal, con el objetivo de describir el comportamiento de las infecciones en pacientes con tumores sólidos en quimioterapia, atendidos en el servicio de Oncología Médica del Hospital Clínico Quirúrgico Hermanos Ameijeiras, de enero 2015 a enero 2017. La media de edad fue 53 años (32,3 %) y predominaron los pacientes masculinos (56.5 %). Los tumores de vías digestivas, carcinomas de pulmón y sarcomas de partes blandas representaron el 32.3, 25 y 13.7 %, respectivamente. De los 124 eventos de sepsis reportados, el 39.5 % fueron neutropenia febril, seguido por sepsis urinaria (34.7 %). En pacientes con otras infecciones, predominaron la nuemopatía inflamatoria y la mucositis grado IV. No existió asociación estadística significativa entre el esquema de quimioterapia y la aparición de infección. El avance y perfeccionamiento de los tratamientos han prolongado la vida de los pacientes y esto ha favorecido el mejor estudio y compresión de los diferentes eventos adversos, relacionados con la administración de quimioterapia.