bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pharmacoeconomics of Parenteral Nutrition with ω‐3 Fatty Acids in Hospitalized Adults
Authors: Pradelli Lorenzo , Muscaritoli Maurizio , Klek Stanislaw , Martindale Robert G. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe inclusion of ω‐3 fatty acids as part of parenteral nutrition is associated with clinical benefits such as a reduced likelihood of infectious complications and shorter hospital and intensive care unit (ICU) stays. As healthcare resources are limited, pharmacoeconomic analyses have been performed, typically modeling studies, using cost and outcomes data to investigate the cost‐effectiveness of parenteral nutrition regimens including ω‐3 fatty acids from fish oil compared with standard parenteral nutrition without such ω‐3 fatty acids. This review covers pharmacoeconomic studies encompassing Italian, French, German, and UK hospitals for ICU and non‐ICU hospitalized patients, and for ICU patients in China. The results show that the use of parenteral nutrition including ω‐3 fatty acids more than offsets any additional acquisition costs in all national scenarios investigated to date, indicating that parenteral nutrition including ω‐3 fatty acids is a clinically and economically beneficial strategy compared with standard parenteral nutrition.
Psychrotrophs in raw milk: effect on texture, proteolysis index, and sensory evaluation of smoked provolone cheese
Authors: Gasparini Gisele B F B , Amorim Franciany R , de Souza Correa Selma , Bruzaroski Samera R , Fagnani Rafael , de Souza Cínthia H B , Damião Bruno C M , de Santana Elsa H W 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDProvolone can be fresh or ripened, with its taste varying from sweet to spicy. The high psychrotrophic density of raw milk is associated with thermoresistant enzymes that can change cheese characteristics such as texture, promote sensory defects and decrease industrial yield. Two batches of provolone‐type smoked cheese were produced from chilled raw milk with 3 log cfu mL−1 (Treatment 1) and 7 log cfu mL−1 (Treatment 2) of psychrotrophs. The psychrotrophic (21 °C for 25 h) and physical‐chemical profile of the raw milk were determined. Cheeses were evaluated by fat level, primary and secondary proteolysis index, yield, protein profile (Urea‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis), and texture (hardness, cohesiveness, elasticity, and chewiness) at 14, 30, and 60 days of storage time. Sensorially, the cheeses were evaluated (100 tasters/period) using the triangular test.RESULTSThe treatments did not influence proteolysis index, although maturation influenced the proteolytic depth index after 60 days. The psychrotrophic population influenced αs1‐ and β‐casein fractions, while maturation time influenced αs1‐ and γ‐casein fractions. Treatment 2 induced a 3% reduction in cheese yield. Hardness and chewiness showed a linear and positive relationship with the milk's psychrotrophic load. There was a significant difference in the fat content of the cheeses, with Treatment 2 having a lower level. The triangular test showed no difference between the cheeses.CONCLUSIONAlthough the larger psychrotrophic population in raw milk was associated with superior values of hardness and chewiness, as well as an increase in protein fractions indicating that proteolysis was observed, the tasters did not identify sensorial differences between the cheeses. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Some statistical memes which sound correct but aren't quite: Application to the analysis of observational databases used in learning health systems
Authors: Samsa Gregory P. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe consider four memes, correct within the context of randomized trials but requiring modification for the analysis of the observational databases typically associated with learning health systems: (a) the right answer always requires randomization; (b) a bigger database is always a better database; (c) statistical adjustment always works if based on a large enough database; and (d) always make a formal adjustment when testing multiple hypotheses. The rationale for these memes within the context of randomized trials is discussed, and the memes are restated in a fashion that is consistent with learning health systems.
Getting to the core of hard red winter wheat quality
Authors: Blakey Adrienne 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAs the wheat industry works to create more high‐quality food products for consumers, it is necessary for plant breeders to develop new wheat varieties with improved milling and baking characteristics that maximize production efficiency while reducing dependency on vital wheat gluten or other flour additives. The purpose of this study was twofold: (i) to test a popular belief that plant breeding, over time, has gradually produced varieties lacking the necessary characteristics—namely, dough strength—to allow migration from flour additives, and (ii) to perform a specific assessment of gluten compression‐recovery (CORE) analysis as a potential tool for wheat breeding programs to supplement industry‐standard tests such as the farinograph. The farinograph and other recording dough mixers (RDMs) are used to make breeding decisions and are crucial to the success of a breeding program, a farmer's operation, and the milling and baking industries. Through this project, we determined that gluten elasticity, a key metric of CORE analysis, increased at the rate of 1.6% per breeding generation since the introduction of the heirloom variety, Turkey, and thus countering claims that higher yielding varieties lack the gluten strength once present in breeding generations long ago. A second significant finding of this project was that CORE analysis revealed differences in gluten quality among commercial wheat varieties that were more difficult to detect with more traditional, but cumbersome, flour quality tests available through the farinograph, opening up the prospect for wheat researchers to use gluten compression‐recovery analysis as a selection tool in variety development.
Postinfectious bronchiolitis obliterans masked by misdiagnosis as asthma
Authors: Onay Zeynep R. , Ramasli Gursoy Tugba , Aslan Ayse T. , Sismanlar Eyuboglu Tugba , Kibar Busra S. , Pekcan Sevgi , Hangul Melih , Kose Mehmet , Budakoglu Isil I. , Gokturk Bahar 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectivesAsthma and postinfectious bronchiolitis obliterans (PIBO) have similar clinical findings, and PIBO may be misdiagnosed with asthma. This study aimed to determine the clinical features of PIBO in children and the causes of delay in its diagnosis.MethodsWe retrospectively evaluated all patients diagnosed with PIBO in four pediatric pulmonology centers between 2007 and 2018. In total, 64 PIBO patients were retrospectively reviewed. We compared the clinical and laboratory differences between PIBO patients who had initially been misdiagnosed with asthma and correctly diagnosed with PIBO.ResultsOf the 64 patients, 22 (34.4%) had initially been misdiagnosed with asthma. Adenovirus was the most common infectious agent in children. The age upon diagnosis was older, and the symptom duration was significantly longer in patients misdiagnosed with asthma (P < .05). There were no statistical differences in terms of sex, history of prematurity, duration of hospitalization, treatment, history of oxygen or mechanical ventilation support, pulmonary function test (PFT) results and asthma‐predisposing findings between the two groups (P > .05).ConclusionsPatients with PIBO who had initially been misdiagnosed with asthma were correctly diagnosed at older ages and had longer symptom duration. Asthma may mask PIBO diagnosis by the similarity of symptoms and the clinical response to inhaled β2‐agonist or steroid treatment. PFTs may not help clinicians because of the age of children. The delay in the diagnosis of PIBO is probably attributable to the fact that some clinicians fail to include PIBO in the differential diagnosis when there is no clinical response to asthma medication.
Disturbance impacts on porosity and hydraulic properties of vesicular horizons
Authors: Turk Judith K. , Graham Robert C. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractRapid formation of vesicular pores has been observed following disturbance of vesicular (V) horizons. This study investigates the post‐disturbance recovery of V horizons and the impact on hydraulic properties. At nine study sites, infiltration rates were measured using a tension disk infiltrometer, and intact samples were collected for analysis using high‐resolution x‐ray computed tomography (CT). The V horizon material was then removed, crushed, replaced, and left to recover for 1 yr before repeating the infiltration measurement and CT analysis. Some recovery of vesicular and vugh porosity was observed at all of the study sites. However, the V horizons formed in the first year after disturbance were thinner, with smaller pores, and with a reduction in vesicle and vugh porosity from an average of 2.9% before disturbance to 0.4% after disturbance. The saturated hydraulic conductivity of the V horizons was also significantly lowered, from an average of 20 cm d−1prior to disturbance to 6.6 cm d−1at 1 yr after disturbance. Vesicle and vugh porosity formed 1 yr after disturbance was positively correlated with predisturbance vesicle and vugh porosity (R2 = .57;P = 0.02) and sand percentage (R2 = .51;P = .03) and negatively correlated with silt percentage (R2 = .51;P = .03). No relationship was observed between post‐disturbance formation of vesicle and vugh porosity and precipitation events during the recovery period, clay percentage, CaCO3percentage, or saline‐sodic classification. V horizons show incipient development at 1 yr after disturbance, but porosity and hydraulic properties are significantly altered from their undisturbed state.
Formation of High Surface Area Hierarchical Porous Carbon Via a Novel Two Step Activation Process for Fast Supercapacitors
Authors: Li Guangli , Wei Xing , Li Yingying , Mao Wenfeng , Du Guixiang , Zhang Jingbo 
Published: February 2020

AbstractProduce of hierarchical porous carbon (HPC) materials that process hierarchical structure, high specific surface area and large pore volume is still a global challenge. Here we develop a novel sample two‐step activation method, which introduces Ca(OH)2 at the first step to produce the meso‐macro porous structure and KOH at the second step to create micropores, to synthesize hierarchical porous carbon using tannin extract as processor. Benefited from this method, the synthesized HPC exhibits the specific surface area of 1996.9 cm2 g−1, pore volume of 1.09 cm3 g−1, and hierarchical porous structure with micro‐meso‐macro pores. The prepared HPC with well‐developed mesopores and micropores can provides ideal channels for ion diffusion with low migration resistances, enabling an excellent power density and cycling stability for supercapacitors, and it exhibits the specific capacitance of 248 F g−1 at 5 A g−1 and maintained at 228 F g−1 at 20 A g−1. Tannin extract is cheap, easy to obtain and environmentally friendly, combined with the excellent electrochemical performances and the well‐developed two‐step method, provides a new idea for the preparation of HPC for high performance supercapacitor.
Ultrasensitive Physical, Bio, and Chemical Sensors Derived from 1‐, 2‐, and 3‐D Nanocellulosic Materials
Authors: Dai Lei , Wang Yan , Zou Xuejun , Chen Zhirong , Liu Hong , Ni Yonghao 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSensors are of increasing interest since they can be applied to daily life in different areas from various industrial sectors. As a natural nanomaterial, nanocellulose plays a vital role in the development of novel sensors, particularly in the context of constructing multidimensional architectures. This review summarizes the utilization of nanocellulose including cellulose nanofibers, cellulose nanocrystals, and bacterial cellulose for sensor design, mainly focusing on the influence of nanocellulose on the sensing performance of these sensors. Special attention is paid to nanocellulose in different forms (1D, 2D, and 3D) to highlight the impact of nanocellulose constructed structures. The aim is to provide a critical review on the most recent progress (especially after 2017) related to nanocellulose‐containing sensors, since there are significantly increasing research activities in this area. Moreover, the outlook for the development of nanocellulose‐containing sensors is also provided at the end of this work.
A new theory framework for the electroweak radiative corrections in Kl3 decays
Authors: Seng Chien-Yeah , Galviz Daniel , Meißner Ulf-G. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
We propose a new theory framework to study the electroweak radiative corrections in Kl3 decays by combining the classic current algebra approach with the modern effective field theory. Under this framework, the most important $$ \mathcal{O} $$
O
(GFα) radiative corrections are described by a single tensor Tμν involving the time-ordered product between the charged weak current and the electromagnetic current, and all remaining pieces are calculable order-by-order in Chiral Perturbation Theory. We further point out a special advantage in the $$ {K}_{l3}^0 $$

K

l
3

0

channel that it suffers the least impact from the poorly-constrained low-energy constants. This finding may serve as a basis for a more precise extraction of the matrix element Vus in the future.
Semi-discrete optimal transport: a solution procedure for the unsquared Euclidean distance case
Authors: Hartmann Valentin , Schuhmacher Dominic 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe consider the problem of finding an optimal transport plan between an absolutely continuous measure and a finitely supported measure of the same total mass when the transport cost is the unsquared Euclidean distance. We may think of this problem as closest distance allocation of some resource continuously distributed over Euclidean space to a finite number of processing sites with capacity constraints. This article gives a detailed discussion of the problem, including a comparison with the much better studied case of squared Euclidean cost. We present an algorithm for computing the optimal transport plan, which is similar to the approach for the squared Euclidean cost by Aurenhammer et al. (Algorithmica 20(1):61–76, 1998) and Mérigot (Comput Graph Forum 30(5):1583–1592, 2011). We show the necessary results to make the approach work for the Euclidean cost, evaluate its performance on a set of test cases, and give a number of applications. The later include goodness-of-fit partitions, a novel visual tool for assessing whether a finite sample is consistent with a posited probability density.
6-Gingerol induces cell-cycle G1-phase arrest through AKT–GSK 3β–cyclin D1 pathway in renal-cell carcinoma
Authors: Xu Shan , Zhang Haibao , Liu Tianjie , Yang Wenjie , Lv Wei , He Dalin , Guo Peng , Li Lei 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Purpose
6-Gingerol, a major biochemical and pharmacological active ingredient of ginger, has shown anti-inflammatory and antitumor activities against various cancers. Searching for natural products with fewer side effects for developing adjunctive therapeutic options is necessary.

Methods
The effects of 6-gingerol on proliferation, colony formation, and cell cycle in RCC cells were detected by a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, colony formation assay, and propidium iodide (PI) staining, respectively. Western blotting, an immunofluorescence assay, and immunohistochemical staining were performed to assess the expression of relevant proteins. A subcutaneous tumor model was set up to investigate the 6-gingerol effects on tumor growth in vivo, and the pharmacokinetics of 6-gingerol in mice were detected by LC/MS assays.

Results
6-Gingerol treatment exerted time- and dose-dependent inhibition of the growth and colony formation of ACHN, 786-O, and 769-P cells, leading to a concomitant induction of cell-cycle G1-phase arrest and decrease in Ki-67 expression in the cell nucleus. Western-blotting results showed that 6-gingerol reduces phosphorylation of protein kinase B (AKT) Ser 473, cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK4), and cyclin D1 and, meanwhile, increases glycogen synthase kinase (GSK 3β) protein amount. Furthermore, the efficacy of 6-gingerol was demonstrated in an in vivo murine model of 786-O.

Conclusion
The above results indicate that 6-gingerol can induce cell-cycle arrest and cell-growth inhibition through the AKT–GSK 3β–cyclin D1 signaling pathway in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that 6-gingerol should be useful for renal-cell carcinoma treatment.
Increasing the phylogenetic coverage for understanding broad-scale diversity gradients
Authors: Peters Marcell K. , Classen Alice , Müller Jörg , Steffan-Dewenter Ingolf 
Published: February 2020

AbstractDespite decades of scientific effort, there is still no consensus on the determinants of broad-scale gradients of animal diversity. We argue that general drivers of diversity are unlikely to be found among the narrowly defined taxa which are typically analyzed in studies of broad-scale diversity gradients because ecological niches evolve largely conservatively. This causes constraints in the use of available niche space leading to systematic differences in diversity gradients among taxa. We instead advocate studies of phylogenetically diverse animal communities along broad environmental gradients. Such multi-taxa communities are less constrained in resource use and diversification and may be better targets for testing major classical hypotheses on diversity gradients. Besides increasing the spatial scale in analyses, expanding the phylogenetic coverage may be a second way to achieve higher levels of generality in studies of broad-scale diversity gradients.
Phage vB_BveM-Goe7 represents a new genus in the subfamily Bastillevirinae
Authors: Furrer Alexandra Dominique , Bömeke Mechthild , Hoppert Michael , Hertel Robert 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBacillus velezensis FZB42 is a Gram-positive, endospore-forming rhizobacterium that is associated with plant roots and promotes plant growth. It was used as host to isolate phage vB_BveM-Goe7 (Goe7). Goe7 exhibits a Myoviridae morphology with a contractile tail and an icosahedral head. Its genome is 158,674 bp in size and contains 5137-bp-long terminal repeats (LTRs). It also contains five tRNA-encoding genes and 251 coding DNA sequences (CDS), of which 65 were annotated. The adsorption constant of Goe7 is 6.1 ± 0.24 × 10−8 ml/min, with a latency period of 75 min and a burst size of 114 particles per burst. A BLASTn sequence comparison against the non-redundant nucleotide database of NCBI revealed that Goe7 is most similar to Bacillus subtilis phage vB_BsuM-Goe3.
XEN Gel Stent in the management of primary open-angle glaucoma
Authors: Post Michał , Lubiński Wojciech , Śliwiak Dominik , Podborączyńska-Jodko Karolina , Mularczyk Maciej 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Purpose
To assess the efficacy and safety of the XEN Gel Stent in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma.

Materials and methods
Twenty eyes of 17 patients (6 males, 11 females) with primary open-angle glaucoma were implanted with XEN Gel Stent. The following data were ascertained in each participant at baseline and at 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months following implanting procedure: intraocular pressure, number of anti-glaucoma medications, retinal sensitivity (PS 24/2 w/w), pattern electroretinogram (ISCEV standard), as well as the number of complications.

Results
The mean intraocular pressure reduction in a 1-year follow-up was 18% (21.56 vs. 17.69 mmHg, p < 0.001). The mean number of anti-glaucoma medications was reduced from 3.2 to 1.6 (p = 0.001). The PERG parameters at baseline and at 12 months postoperatively included a stable amplitude of P50 (2.55 µV vs. 2.65 µV, p = 0.024) and N95 (3.45 µV vs. 3.38 µV, p = ns) waves. The delta N95 and delta P50 amplitudes remained stable over the follow-up period (p = ns). The mean deviation (MD) of PS 24/2 was − 6.54 dB vs. − 8.43 dB, p = ns, whereas the pattern standard deviation (PSD) was 6.18 dB vs. 6.91 dB, p = ns. Transient hypotony within the first postoperative week occurred in 18 eyes (90%), whereas hyphema occurred in two eyes (10%). Needle revision of a filtration bleb was performed in five eyes (25%).

Conclusions
The XEN Gel Stent enables significant reduction in intraocular pressure with very low complication rates. It ensures a stabilization of the retinal function as established with the PERG.
Bacterial etiology of necrotic spots on leaves and shoots of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) in Poland
Authors: Mikiciński Artur , Puławska Joanna , Kałużna Monika , Trzciński Paweł , Wąsikowski Aleksander , Sobiczewski Piotr 
Published: February 2020

AbstractDark brown, spotted necrotic areas were observed on the leaves and young shoots of grapevine (Vitis vinifera) plants of cvs. Fanny and Muscat Bleu growing on plantations in Central Poland. From 35 samples of symptomatic leaf and young shoot tissues, 70 bacterial isolates were obtained, of which 16 induced HR on tobacco leaves, but only two showed pectolytic activity on potato tubers and CVP medium. Pathogenicity tests performed with seven selected isolates, including the two pectolytic isolates, on young leaves of grapes cv. Fanny resulted in similar symptoms to those of the plants from which they originated and inoculated bacteria could be re-isolated, confirming Koch’s postulates. Using phenotypic tests,analysis of 16S rDNA, housekeeping genes sequences and PCR tests forsyrBandsyrDgenes presence, five of the isolates were identified asPseudomonas syringaepv.syringae, and the two pectolytic isolates asXanthomonas arboricola.
Using lead isotope ratios to distinguish between samples of diffrent uranium mines
Authors: Kupi Tebogo Gilbert , Uushona Vera , Mathuthu Manny , Coetzee Marthie , van Tonder Danel 
Published: February 2020

abstractIn this work, a total of twenty samples selected for investigation originate from South Africa and Namibia uranium mines. The aim of this study was to determine whether the lead ratios measured in particular samples could be used to attribute the uranium sample to the production or reprocessing plant. Measurements were carried out using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer PerkinElmer NexION 2000. The precision obtained for the 208Pb/206Pb ratio, the 207Pb/206Pb ratio and the 204Pb/206Pb ratio values was considerably lower than 0.02% demonstrating the applicability of the technique for Pb isotope ratio studies.
No commitment to the truth
Authors: Eder Anna-Maria A. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractOn an evidentialist position, it is epistemically rational for us to believe propositions that are (stably) supported by our total evidence. We are epistemically permitted to believe such propositions, and perhaps even ought to do so. Epistemic rationality is normative. One popular way to explain the normativity appeals to epistemic teleology. The primary aim of this article is to argue that appeals to epistemic teleology do not support that we ought to believe what is rational to believe, only that we are permitted to do so. In arguing for that, I defend an epistemic teleological position that is radical in nature. It involves no commitment to aiming at the truth. I conclude by dispelling some worries that have been raised about my position.