bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chemical‐induced craniofacial anomalies caused by disruption of neural crest cell development in a zebrafish model
Authors: Liu Shujie , Narumi Rika , Ikeda Naohiro , Morita Osamu , Tasaki Junichi 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundCraniofacial anomalies are among the most frequent birth defects worldwide, and are thought to be caused by gene‐environment interactions. Genetically manipulated zebrafish simulate human diseases and provide great advantages for investigating the etiology and pathology of craniofacial anomalies. Although substantial advances have been made in understanding genetic factors causing craniofacial disorders, limited information about the etiology by which environmental factors, such as teratogens, induce craniofacial anomalies is available in zebrafish.ResultsZebrafish embryos displayed craniofacial malformations after teratogen treatments. Further observations revealed characteristic disruption of chondrocyte number, shape and stacking. These findings suggested aberrant development of cranial neural crest (CNC) cells, which was confirmed by gene expression analysis of the CNC. Notably, these observations suggested conserved etiological pathways between zebrafish and mammals including human. Furthermore, several of these chemicals caused malformations of the eyes, otic vesicle, and/or heart, representing a phenocopy of neurocristopathy, and these chemicals altered the expression levels of the responsible genes.ConclusionsOur results demonstrate that chemical‐induced craniofacial malformation is caused by aberrant development of neural crest. This study indicates that zebrafish provide a platform for investigating contributions of environmental factors as causative agents of craniofacial anomalies and neurocristopathy.
Spliceosomopathies and neurocristopathies: Two sides of the same coin?
Authors: Beauchamp Marie‐Claude , Alam Sabrina Shameen , Kumar Shruti , Jerome‐Majewska Loydie Anne 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMutations in core components of the spliceosome are responsible for a group of syndromes collectively known as spliceosomopathies. Patients exhibit microcephaly, micrognathia, malar hypoplasia, external ear anomalies, eye anomalies, psychomotor delay, intellectual disability, limb, and heart defects. Craniofacial malformations in these patients are predominantly found in neural crest cells‐derived structures of the face and head. Mutations in eight genes SNRPB, RNU4ATAC, SF3B4, PUF60, EFTUD2, TXNL4, EIF4A3, and CWC27 are associated with craniofacial spliceosomopathies. In this review, we provide a brief description of the normal development of the head and the face and an overview of mutations identified in genes associated with craniofacial spliceosomopathies. We also describe a model to explain how and when these mutations are most likely to impact neural crest cells. We speculate that mutations in a subset of core splicing factors lead to disrupted splicing in neural crest cells because these cells have increased sensitivity to inefficient splicing. Hence, disruption in splicing likely activates a cellular stress response that includes increased skipping of regulatory exons in genes such as MDM2 and MDM4, key regulators of P53. This would result in P53‐associated death of neural crest cells and consequently craniofacial malformations associated with spliceosomopathies.
Eating disorder psychopathology in adults and adolescents with anorexia nervosa: A network approach
Authors: Calugi Simona , Sartirana Massimiliano , Misconel Arianna , Boglioli Camilla , Dalle Grave Riccardo 
Published: April 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to assess and compare eating disorder feature networks in adult and adolescent patients with anorexia nervosa.MethodsPatients seeking treatment for anorexia nervosa in inpatient and outpatient settings were consecutively recruited from January 2008 to September 2019. Body mass index was measured, and each patient completed the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire.ResultsThe sample comprised 547 adolescent and 724 adult patients with anorexia nervosa. Network analysis showed that in both adults and adolescents, the most central and highly interconnected nodes in the network were related to shape overvaluation and desiring weight loss. The network comparison test identified similar global strength and network invariance, confirming the similarity of the two network structures.DiscussionThe network structures in adult and adolescent patients with anorexia nervosa are similar, and lend weight to the cognitive behavioral theory that overvaluation of shape and weight is the core feature of anorexia nervosa psychopathology.
Effect of permeability anisotropy on depressurization‐induced gas production from hydrate reservoirs in the South China Sea
Authors: Mao Peixiao , Sun Jiaxin , Ning Fulong , Hu Gaowei , Wan Yizhao , Cao Xinxin , Wu Nengyou 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe permeability anisotropy (ie, horizontal, kr, to vertical, kz, permeability ratio) of gas hydrate reservoirs may be a significant factor that affects hydrate dissociation and gas production. Here, site SH2, a candidate for field testing comprising a clayey silt gas hydrate reservoir in the Shenhu area in the South China Sea, was chosen to investigate the effect of permeability anisotropy on gas production behavior through numerical simulations. The spatial distribution of physical fields (ie, pressure, temperature, and saturation) and the evolution of gas and water recovery are comparatively analyzed. The simulation results show that permeability anisotropy has a significant impact on gas extraction, especially when the horizontal permeability is higher than the vertical one. The sensitivity analyses indicate that permeability anisotropy in both medium‐permeability (10‐100 mD) and low‐permeability (1‐10 mD) sediments are conducive to hydrate dissociation and that a higher horizontal permeability is more favorable for gas production. Comparatively, permeability anisotropy in low‐permeability sediments is not beneficial for improving production efficiency. In addition, our work also suggests that heterogeneous hydrate saturation in a reservoir‐scale model should be employed in future predictions because the gas production potential will be overestimated in a homogeneous reservoir under the same conditions. These findings contribute to a clear understanding of the influence of reservoir properties on gas hydrate dissociation processes and provide a reference for future field trials and commercial production.
Formation mechanisms and distribution of weathered volcanic reservoirs: A case study of the carboniferous volcanic rocks in Northwest Junggar Basin, China
Authors: Fan Cunhui , Li Hu , Qin Qirong , Shang Ling , Yuan Yunfeng , Li Zhi 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn view of the complex reservoir heterogeneities within weathered volcanic rocks, taking the Carboniferous volcanic weathered profile reservoir of the northwest Junggar Basin as an example, this study aims to characterize weathered volcanic rocks by the core, thin slice, log interpretation, and experimental test. The Carboniferous volcanic rocks are mainly composed of volcanic lava, volcanic breccia, and tuff, etc, which formed in a volcanic arc environment. As a result of the weathering and denudation, the weathered profile can be divided into four layers: weathered clay layer, intensive weathered zone, weak weathered zone, and unweathered compacted zone. The preserved void space mainly includes primary porosity (both vesicular and fractures), secondary pores, and fractures enhanced by weathering and structural processes. Among them, the volcanic facies control the first‐order properties of the reservoir. The degree of weathering‐leaching controls the thickness of the weathered part of the reservoir. The faults and fractures control the seepage/permeability capacity of weathered volcanic reservoir. On the plane, the weathered volcanic reservoirs mainly distributed along the fault zone, tectonic zone, and favorable lithofacies zone. On the longitudinal direction, they are always within the weathered profile toward the top of a certain depth range (20‐240 m).
Effects of substrate thermal conditions on the swelling of thin intumescent coatings
Authors: Lucherini Andrea , Torero Jose L. , Maluk Cristian 
Published: April 2020

SummaryThe experimental study presented herein investigates the influence of the substrate thermal conditions on the behaviour of thin intumescent coatings. Steel plates coated with a commercially available solvent‐based thin intumescent coating were exposed to a constant incident radiant heat flux of 50 kW/m2 in accordance with the heat‐transfer rate inducing system (H‐TRIS) test method. The influence of different substrate thermal conditions was investigated using sample holders capable of controlling the thermal boundary conditions at the unexposed surface of tested steel plates and comparing them to coated timber samples. Experimental results evidence that the substrate thermal conditions govern the swelling of intumescent coatings, thus their effectiveness in protecting load‐bearing structural elements. The substrate temperature controls the swelling of intumescent coatings because it defines the temperature experienced by the reacting virgin coating located close to the coating‐substrate interface. The physical and thermal properties of the substrate control the capacity of the system to concentrate/dissipate heat in proximity of the coating‐substrate interface. In this way, the substrate thermal conditions govern the temperature evolution of the reacting intumescent coating, consequently the swelling process. Accordingly, high swelling rates were recorded for highly insulating conditions (timber substrate), while low swelling rates for poorly insulating conditions (water‐cooled heat sink).
Prediction of the flash point of fragrances by raman spectroscopy and multivariate calibration
Authors: Godinho Robson B. , Santos Mauricio C. , Quellet Christian , Poppi Ronei J. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn this work, we investigated the use of Raman spectroscopy for rapid, nondestructive, and low‐cost determination of the flash point in fragrances. For this purpose, multivariate calibration based on partial least squares regression was applied to correlate the fragrances Raman spectra with the respective flash point estimated by the ASTM D7094‐04 method. To perform this study, 32 fragrances having distinct odor profiles were chosen (referred to as “fragrance type” in the following), corresponding to a total of 81 batches produced in both factory and laboratory. For the samples in the prediction set, the correlation coefficient for the linear adjust between the flash point estimated by proposed methodology and the ASTM method was 0.9901, and the largest absolute error was 5.2°C. The proposed methodology presented an inverse of the analytical sensitivity of 2.1°C, that is, the minimum flash point difference which is discernible by the model. The results demonstrated that the proposed method is comparable to the standard method for analyzing the flash points of fragrances.
Forecasting aggregate market volatility: The role of good and bad uncertainties
Authors: Liu Li , Wang Yudong 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWe decompose economic uncertainty into "good" and "bad" components according to the sign of innovations. Our results indicate that bad uncertainty provides stronger predictive content regarding future market volatility than good uncertainty. The asymmetric models with good and bad uncertainties forecast market volatility in a better way than the symmetric models with overall uncertainty. The combination for asymmetric uncertainty models significantly outperforms the benchmark of autoregression, as well as the combination for symmetric models. The revealed volatility predictability is further demonstrated to be economically significant in the framework of portfolio allocation.
Characterization of nanoemulsion of Nigella sativa oil and its application in ice cream
Authors: Mohammed Nameer Khairullah , Muhialdin Belal J. , Meor Hussin Anis Shobirin 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study was to develop ice‐cream product fortified with a Nigella sativa oil (NSO) nanoemulsion at four ratios (0% control, 3%, 5% and 10%). The NSO nanoemulsion stabilized by combinations of gum arabic, sodium caseinate, and Tween‐20 at three ratios (5%, 10%, and 15%) of emulsifiers. The results showed that 10% nanoemulsion has the highest stability and zeta potential (−31.92), and lowest change of PDI (0.182). The 5% nanoemulsion showed the lowest particle size (175.83 µm). The result demonstrated that NSO nanoemulsion improved the ice‐cream physical properties and consumer acceptability. Among the different samples, sensory evaluation revealed that ice‐cream sample of 5% nanoemulsion received more acceptability from the panelist. This results demonstrated ice cream can be fortified with NSO nanoemulsion. This means it could be used as a functional ice cream with manifold NSO health benefits.
Meta‐analytic evidence for a joint neural mechanism underlying response inhibition and state anger
Authors: Puiu Andrei A. , Wudarczyk Olga , Kohls Gregor , Bzdok Danilo , Herpertz‐Dahlmann Beate , Konrad Kerstin 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAlthough anger may weaken response inhibition (RI) by allowing outbursts to bypass deliberate processing, it is equally likely that RI deficits precipitate a state of anger (SA). In adolescents, for instance, anger occurs more frequently and often leads to escalating aggressive behaviors. Even though RI is considered a key component in explaining individual differences in SA expression, the neural overlap between SA and RI remains elusive. Here, we aimed to meta‐analytically revisit and update the neural correlates of motor RI, to determine a consistent neural architecture of SA, and to identify their joint neural network. Considering that inhibitory abilities follow a protracted maturation until early adulthood, we additionally computed RI meta‐analyses in youths and adults. Using activation likelihood estimation, we calculated twelve meta‐analyses across 157 RI and 39 SA experiments on healthy individuals. Consistent with previous findings, RI was associated with a broad frontoparietal network including the anterior insula/inferior frontal gyrus (aI/IFG), premotor and midcingulate cortices, extending into right temporoparietal areas. Youths showed convergent activity in right midcingulate and medial prefrontal areas, left aI/IFG, and the temporal poles. SA, on the other hand, reliably recruited the right aI/IFG and anterior cingulate cortex. Conjunction analyses between RI and SA yielded a single convergence cluster in the right aI/IFG. While frontoparietal networks and bilateral aI are ubiquitously recruited during RI, the right aI/IFG cluster likely represents a node in a dynamically‐adjusting monitoring network that integrates salient information thereby facilitating the execution of goal‐directed behaviors under highly unpredictable scenarios.
Preschoolers' extension and export of information from realistic and fantastical stories
Authors: Weisberg Deena Skolnick , Hopkins Emily J. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractHow do young children decide which events can happen within fictional stories (extension) and learn new information from these stories (export)? In two studies, we investigate these two issues as well as the influence of story genre (realistic or fantastical) on these processes. Preschoolers (N = 192) heard either a realistic or fantastical story and were asked (a) whether a target piece of information should be extended to a different situation within the story context and (b) whether that piece of information could be true in real life. Extension and export were not generally affected by genre, but they were affected by the type of information with which children were presented. Adults (N = 93) responded similarly. These results suggest that children have a mature tendency to expect stories to remain internally consistent and rely on their background knowledge to interpret story events.Highlights
We tested preschoolers' extension of information within realistic and fantastical stories and their learning from these stories.
Children expect stories to remain internally consistent, regardless of genre; both extension and learning were affected primarily by their familiarity with the target material.
Children's interactions with stories can shed light on their developing conceptual knowledge.
Efficient super‐resolution volumetric imaging by radial fluctuation Bayesian analysis light‐sheet microscopy
Authors: Chen Rong , Zhao Yuxuan , Li Mengna , Wang Yarong , Zhang Luoying , Fei Peng 
Published: April 2020

AbstractVarious computational super‐resolution methods are available based on the analysis of fluorescence fluctuation behind acquired frames. However, dilemmas often exist in the balance of fluorophore characteristics, computation cost, and achievable resolution. Here we present an approach that uses a super‐resolution radial fluctuations (SRRF) image to guide the Bayesian analysis of fluorophore blinking and bleaching (3B) events, allowing greatly accelerated localization of overlapping fluorophores with high accuracy. This radial fluctuation Bayesian analysis (RFBA) approach is also extended to three dimensions for the first time and combined with light‐sheet fluorescence microscopy, to achieve super‐resolution volumetric imaging of thick samples densely labeled with common fluorophores. For example, a 700‐nm thin Bessel plane illumination is developed to optically section the Drosophila brain, providing a high‐contrast 3D image of rhythmic neurons. RFBA analyzes 30 serial volumes to reconstruct a super‐resolved 3D image at 4‐times higher resolutions (~70 and 170 nm), and precisely resolve the axon terminals. The computation is over 2‐orders faster than conventional 3B analysis microscopy. The capability of RFBA is also verified through dual‐color imaging of cell nucleus in live Drosophila brain. The spatial co‐localization patterns of the nuclear envelope and DNA in a neuron deep inside the brain can be precisely extracted by our approach.
Metal‐reinforced sulfonic‐acid‐modified zirconia for the removal of trace olefins from aromatics
Authors: Kong Decun , Peng Qian , Shi Li , Wang Xin , Meng Xuan , Hu Xiude , Liu Naiwang 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMetal‐reinforced sulfonic‐acid‐modified zirconia catalysts were successfully prepared and used to remove trace olefins from aromatics in a fixed‐bed reactor. Catalysts were characterized by ICP‐OES, N2 adsorption–desorption, X‐ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and pyridine‐FTIR spectroscopy. Different metals and calcination temperatures had great influence on the catalytic activity. Alumina‐reinforced sulfated zirconia exhibited outstanding catalytic performance, stable regeneration activity, and giant surface area, and are promising in industrial catalysis. TGA showed that the decomposition of methyl could be attributed to Brønsted acid sites, and pyridine‐FTIR spectroscopy proved the weak Brønsted sites on these synthesized metal‐reinforced sulfated zirconia. Also, a relation between the reaction rate and weak Brønsted acid density is proposed.
Community cultural wealth in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics education: A systematic review
Authors: Denton Maya , Borrego Maura , Boklage Audrey 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundOne emerging approach to diversity and inclusion in engineering is to take an assets‐based view of what students from nondominant communities bring to their education and work experiences.Purpose/HypothesisThe purpose of this review is to understand how community cultural wealth (CCW), an assets‐based framework, has been applied in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education research. We address research questions focused on (a) the characteristics of studies using CCW in STEM education, (b) examples of the six types of capital (aspirational, linguistic, familial, navigational, social, and resistant) in STEM educational settings, and (c) gaps and opportunities in how CCW is being applied in STEM education.Design/MethodWe identified 33 dissertations, theses, journal articles, and conference papers using systematic review procedures. To qualify, each study must present empirical data and include at least one type of CCW capital in its results or discussion. We coded study characteristics, such as methods, participant populations, and research setting. We qualitatively analyzed each of the six types of CCW capital.ResultsStudies tended to focus on higher education settings, engineering, and qualitative methods, particularly student interviews. We identified several specific engineering‐relevant examples of assets for each type of capital. Future work should collect data from faculty, staff, and family members identified in several studies as important to CCW in addition to foregrounding student voices.ConclusionsIn synthesizing existing studies, this review provides insight into how an assets‐based framework is being interpreted and provides a foundation for more assets‐based perspectives in future engineering education work.
Sequential amidation of peptide C‐termini for improving fragmentation efficiency
Authors: Wu Qiong , Tian Yu’e , Yang Chao , Liang Zhen , Shan Yichu , Zhang Lihua , Zhang Yukui 
Published: April 2020

AbstractOwing to the poor fragmentation efficiency caused by the lack of a positively charged basic group at the C‐termini of peptides, the identification of nontryptic peptides in classical proteomics is known to be less efficient. Particularly, attaching positively charged basic groups to C‐termini via chemical derivatizations is known to be able to enhance their fragmentation efficiency. In this study, we introduced a novel strategy, C‐termini sequential amidation reaction (CSAR), to improve peptide fragmentation efficiency. By this strategy, C‐terminal and side‐chain carboxyl groups were firstly amidated by neutral methylamine (MA), and then C‐terminal amide bonds were selectively deamidated through peptide amidase while side‐chain amide bonds remained unchanged, followed by the secondary amidation of C‐termini via basic agmatine (AG). We optimized the amidation reaction conditions to achieve the MA derivatization efficiency of >99% for side‐chain carboxyl groups and AG derivatization efficiency of 80% for the hydrolytic C‐termini. We applied CSAR strategy to identify bovine serum albumin (BSA) chymotryptic digests, resulting in the increased fragmentation efficiencies (improvement by 9–32%) and charge states (improvement by 39–52%) under single or multiple dissociation modes. The strategy described here might be a promising approach for the identification of peptides that suffered from poor fragmentation efficiency.