bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early Clinical Exposure in U.S. Dental Schools and Correlation with Earlier Competencies Evaluation
Authors: Yu Amy , Pagni Sarah E. , Park Sang E. , Karimbux Nadeem 
Published: November 2019

AbstractEarly clinical exposure (ECE), defined as any interaction with patients prior to the portion of the curriculum when den‐ tal students spend most of their time at school as a primary provider, is a growing trend in curriculum reform across U.S. dental schools in the 21st century. The aims of this study were to characterize the types of ECE implementation in U.S. dental schools and determine if ECE correlated with earlier clinical competency assessments. In September 2018, the academic deans of all 66 U.S. dental schools were invited to respond to an eight‐item electronic survey about ECE at their schools. Representatives of 40 schools submitted complete responses, for a response rate of 60.6%. Among the respondents, 85% reported their schools started their principal clinical experience (PCE), the portion of the curriculum when students spend most of their time as the primary provider for patients, during the last quarter of Year 2 or the first quarter of Year 3. Respondents at all 40 schools reported offering some form of ECE as part of the formal curriculum, with shadowing and performing dental prophylaxis the most commonly of‐ fered types. No statistically significant associations were found between specific types of ECE and related Commission on Dental Accreditation (CODA) clinical standards for both formative and summative assessments. Although U.S. dental schools have been incorporating more ECE into their curricula over the past decade, these findings suggest that it has not led to earlier clinical competency assessments.
Reflective Journaling by Second‐Year Dental Students During a Clinical Rotation
Authors: Schwoegl Erin N. , Rodgers Mackenzie E. , Kumar Satish S. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractReflection involves taking the time to deeply consider a past situation and examine areas of weakness or confusion. It allows identification of learning needs and the development of an action plan to improve future experiences. The aim of this study was to assess second‐year dental students’ ability to reflect in writing on a clinical rotation when prompted with a guided reflection template. The 76 second‐year dental students enrolled in a periodontics clinical rotation course at one U.S. dental school in 2016‐17 completed two reflective writing exercises during the semester. A total of 144 journals (after excluding incomplete journals) were analyzed individually by two evaluators following a rubric developed by Kember. This rubric combined Mezirow's seven levels of reflection into four categories: Habitual Action (HA), Understanding (U), Reflection (R), and Critical Reflection (CR). The first two categories are examples of non‐reflective thoughts, and the latter two are reflective. The two sets of journals were also compared. On average, the journals contained 0.2% HA, 15.9% U, 73.8% R, and 10.1% CR, averaging 16.1% non‐reflective thoughts and 83.9% reflective thoughts. Comparison of the students’ first journal submissions to their second showed that the first journals averaged a higher percentage of reflective thought than the second journals: 85.2% vs. 82.7%, respectively. However, the first journals showed a lower average percentage of critical reflection than the second journals: 9.3% vs. 11.3%, respectively. Overall, a high degree of reflection was found in these students’ journals after rotation in periodontics clinic, suggesting that reflective journaling can serve as a useful learning exercise to promote continual improvement during clinical training.
PENERAPAN AUDIO VISUAL TERHADAP PENGENALAN BAHASA INGGRIS DI KELOMPOK A1 RA AN-NUR NURUL AULIA
Authors: Nurhayati Eti 
Published: November 2019

AbstrakSalah satu media yang praktis dalam pengenalan Bahasa Inggris pada anak yaitu audio visual. Sesuai dengan prinsip belajar pada anak pra sekolah yaitu bermain sambil belajar, pembelajaran bahasa Inggris pun harus disajikan dengan bermain, menyenangkan, serta menggunakan media yang menarik. Dengan kemajuan teknologi dalam pendidikan, khususnya pengajaran, manusia berfikir selangkah lebih maju. Dengan harapan anak-anak usia dini semakin mudah untuk merespon, memahami, memotivasi dan menambah kosakata Bahasa Internasional anak. Rumusan masalahnya “ Bagaimana Penerapan Audio Visual terhadap Pengenalan Bahasa Inggris Di kelompok A1 RA An-Nur Nurul Aulia”. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan dan pemahaman kosakata bahasa Inggris melalui “Penerapan Audio Visual Terhadap Pengenalan Bahasa Inggris di Kelompok A1 RA An-Nur Nurul Aulia”. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dengan deskriptik analitis. Data penelitian dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan instrument berupa pedoan wawancara dan pedoman observasi. Hasil yang diperoleh pengamatan mendapat hasil yang memuaskan. Dengan penerpan audio visual dalam pengenalan Bahasa Inggris dapat meningkatkan respon, memahami, memotivasi dan menambah kosakata anak. Lokasi penelitian di RA An-Nur Nurul Aulia Jl. Sukarasa No. 26 RT 04 RW 11 Kelurahan Citeureup Kecamatan Cimahi Utara Kota Cimahi.
MENINGKATKAN KECERDASAN LOGIS MATEMATIS PADA KELOMPOK B ANAK USIA DINI MELALUI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN DADU ANGKA PADA KELOMPOK B
Authors: Nisa Ajeng , Oktavianti Yanti Mustika , Sumitra Agus 
Published: November 2019

Intelligence for young children is very important for themselves and their social development, because if the intelligence of children develops well, it will be easier for them to get along with creating new things. Besides learning media has a very important role in the learning process. Media that can improve mathematical logical intelligence in children, one of them is the dice numbers. Based on observations shows that the logical-mathematical intelligence of students is still low. This study uses a quasi-experimental method using a non-equivalent control group design. Based on the calculation of the experimental class normality test that is 0.044 <0.05, so the data are declared not normally distributed. While in the control class the result is 0.200> 0.05, until the data are declared normally distributed. Therefore, because one class is declared not normally distributed, the data will be processed using the Mann Whitney test. The results of the Mann Whitney test in the experimental and control classes were 0.001 <0.05. So the conclusion is dice media can improve mathematical logical intelligence.Kecerdasan untuk anak usia dini sangat berperan penting bagi dirinya maupun perkembangan sosialnya, karena jika kecerdasan anak berkembang dengan baik maka akan memudahkan mereka bergaul juga menciptakan hal-hal baru. Selain itu media pembelajaran memiliki peranan sangat penting pada proses belajar. Media yang dapat meningkatkan kecerdasan logis matematis pada anak, salah satunya yaitu dadu angka. Berdasarkan hasil observasi, kecerdasan logis-matematis peserta didik masih tergolong rendah. Penelitian ini memakai metode kuasi eksperimen serta memakai desain kelompok kontrol non-ekuivalen (the nonequivalent control group design). Berdasarkan perhitungan uji normalitas kelas eksperimen yakni 0.044 < 0.05, sehingga data dinyatakan tidak berdistribusi normal. Sedangkan di kelas kontrol hasilnya adalah 0.200 > 0.05, hingga data dinyatakan berdistribusi normal. Oleh sebab itu karena salah satu kelas dinyatakan tidak berdistribusi normal, data akan diolah memakai uji Mann Whitney. Hasil dari postes Mann whitney di kelas eksperimen serta kontrol adalah 0.001 < 0.05. Jadi kesimpulannya media dadu angka dapat meningkatkan kecerdasan logis matematis.
UPAYA PENGELOLA PROGRAM PENGUATAN KELUARGA SOS CHILDREN’S VILLAGES INDONESIA DALAM MENGURANGI JUMLAH ANAK-ANAK YANG RENTAN TERLANTAR
Authors: Anjarsari Santi , Hartini Sri 
Published: November 2019

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi banyaknya anak-anak yang rentan terlantar di Indonesia. Kemiskinan dan rusaknya fungsi keluarga menjadi penyebab anak mengalami penelantaran. Menjaga hak-hak anak dan melindungi anak bukan sekedar tanggung jawab pemerintah. Ini merupakan tanggung jawab bersama. SOS Children’s Villages Indonesia sebagai salah satu NGO di Indonesia ikut andil dalam mengurangi jumlah anak-anak yang rentan terlantar di Indonesia dengan Program Penguatan Keluarga (Family Sthrengtening Program). Program Penguatan Keluarga SOS Children’s Village Indonesia menjangkau 10 wilayah di Indonesia yaitu Banda Aceh, Meulaboh, Medan, Jakarta, Bogor, Bandung, Yogyakarta, Semarang, Bali dan Flores dengan memperkuat dukungan sistem sosial di komunitas untuk memberdayakan & memperkuat kapasitas keluarga agar mampu memberikan pengasuhan berkualitas untuk anak-anak yang bertujuan pada kemandirian keluarga tersebut dan memperkuat jaring pengaman untuk anak-anak yang rentan terlantar serta keluarganya di dalam sebuah komunitas. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui bagaimana pengelolaan program penguatan keluarga di SOS Children’s Villages Indonesia dalam mengurangi jumlah anak-anak yang rentan terlantar di Indonesia.
MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN WIRAUSAHA MELALUI PELATIHAN LIFE SKILL TATA BOGA BAGI WARGA BELAJAR KEAKSARAAN (Studi Kasus di PKBM Srikandi Kota Cimahi)
Authors: Nurzaman Yahya , Widiastuti Novi 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRAK Adapun tujuan kajian ini adalah 1) Untuk mengetahui data tentang perencanaan pelatihan dalam meningkatkan kemampuan wirausaha melalui pelatihan life skill tata boga bagi warga belajar keaksaraan di PKBM Srikandi Kelurahan Padasuka Kecamatan Cimahi Tengah Kota Cimahi. 2) Untuk memperoleh data tentang pelaksanaan pelatihan life skill tata boga bagi warga belajar keakasaraan di PKBM Srikandi Kelurahan Padasuka Kecamatan Cimahi Tengah Kota Cimahi. 3) Untuk memperoleh data tentang dampak pelatihan life skill tata boga bagi warga belajar keaksaraan di PKBM Srikandi Kelurahan Padasuka Kecamatan Cimahi Tengah Kota Cimahi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif, dengan menggunakan tehnik pengumpulan data dengan cara : Observasi, Wawancara, Dokumentasi dan Studi Literatur, dan jumlah sample penelitianya sebanyak 6 orang, yang terdiri dari 1 orang ketua pengelola dan 5 orang peserta didik keaksaraan. Jumlah subyek (peserta pelatihan) sebanyak 60 orang, terdiri atas peserta pelatihan tata boga. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) perencanaan yang digunakan dalam meningkatkan kemampuan wirausaha melalui pelatihan life skill tata boga adalah peningkatan kemampuan keberaksaraan dahulu, setelah warga belajar melek aksara, setelah tuntas pembelajaran program KUM, barulah warga belajar menuju ke program pelatihan life skill, (2) pelaksanaan dalam meningkatkan kemampuan wirausaha melalui pelatihan life skill tata boga dengan cara di ajarkan pelatihan makanan tradisional yang mudah, seperti : berbagai olahan dari umbi singkong, pudding dan rujak serut, yang mudah untuk di pasarakan dan hasilnya meyakinkan, (3) hasil dampak dari pelatihan life skill tata boga bagi warga belajar keaksaraan yang digunakan adalah bertambahnya ilmu dan keterampilan baru bagi warga belajar yang dapat meningkatnya kesejahteraan hidup (subtitusi uang) serta menambah kreatifitas dan keterampilan untuk bekerja. Kesimpulannya adalah peran PKBM sangatlah menunjang dalam pemberdayaan masyarakat melalui program unggulan PKBM yaitu program pelatihan tata boga yang membantu peningkatan perekonomian masyarakat.Kata Kunci : Pelatihan Life Skill, Tata Boga, Warga Belajar Keaksaraan
RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM KONTROL KECEPATAN DAN KETEPATAN PENGHENTIAN PROSES PENGELASAN PADA PROSES PENGELASAN PIPA
Authors: Cahyono Candra Dwi , Qomaruddin Qomaruddin , Setiawan Hera , Hudaya Akhmad Zidni 
Published: November 2019

Proses pengelasan melingkar banyak dijumpai pada proses manufaktur di dunia industri seperti proses pengelasan pada rangka berbentuk pipa, tabung tekan, pipa distribusi dan lain-lain. Pada proses pengelasan melingkar secara manual sering kali ditemukan cacat las karena adanya kesulitan pengelasan pada bidang yang melingkar. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan ini, perlu dibuat alat bantu pemutar benda kerja pada proses pengesahan dan dapat diatur kecepatannya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah melakukan rancang bangun sistem kontrol urutan proses, kecepatan dan ketepatan penghentian proses pengelasan pada proses pengelasan pipa. Metodologi penelitian ini dimulai dengan kajian pustaka, analisa kebutuhan sistem kontrol, desain sistem kontrol, pembuatan dan pengujian alat. Sebagai hasil, peralatan bantu proses pengelasan pada benda kerja yang melingkar telah berhasil dibuat. Beberapa parameter proses manufaktur dapat ditampilkan dalam LCD. Kecepatan pengelasan benda kerja pada tampilan LCD dibandingkan dengan pengujian dengan tacho meter mempunyai persentase kesalahan berturut-turut berkisar 1,5 ~ 1,7% dan 1,75 ~ 2% pada range pengujian antara 860 ~ 400 rpm Kata kunci: kecepatan pengelasan, pengelasan pipa, sistem kontrol
Centaurea boissieri DC. y C. resupinata Coss. (Asteraceae) en la Península Ibérica. Centaurea boissieri DC. and C. resupinata Coss. (Asteraceae) in the Iberian Peninsula
Authors: Blanca Gabriel , Suárez-Santiago Víctor Nazario 
Published: November 2019

Español. Sobre la base de un estudio taxonómico previo del grupo de Centaurea boissieri DC., previamente reconocido como sección Willkommia Blanca, se estudian las dos especies con mayor área de distribución geográfica y que presentan gran complejidad taxonómica. Se reconocen 7 subespecies en C. boissieri DC. y 2 en C. resupinata Coss. en la Península Ibérica. Se aporta una clave de identificación de las subespecies e información sobre la distribución geográfica, apetencias ecológicas y variabilidad morfológica relacionada con procesos de introgresión con otras especies. Se propone una nueva combinación: C. boissieri subsp. integrifolia (Willk.) Blanca & Suár.-Sant.English. On the base of a previous taxonomic study dealing Centaurea boissieri DC. group, previously recognized as section Willkommia Blanca, the two species with the larger area of geographical distribution and most taxonomic complexity are studied. We recognize 7 subspecies for C. boissieri DC. and 2 for C. resupinata Coss. in the Iberian Peninsula. A key for the identification of the subspecies are provided, as well as information about the geographical distribution, ecology, and the morphological variability associated to the introgresion processes with other species. A new combination is proposed: C. boissieri subsp. integrifolia (Willk.) Blanca and Suár.-Sant.
Biochemical properties of cofactor and coenzyme metabolism in porcine oviductal epithelial cells – a microarray study
Authors: Kocherova Ievgeniia , Kulus Magdalena , Dompe Claudia , Antosik Paweł , Bukowska Dorota , Kempisty Bartosz , Mozdziak Paul 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The oviduct is a key organ responsible for ultimate oocytes maturation, transport of gametes, sperm capacitation, fertilization, as well as early embryo development. Its innermost layer, oviductal epithelium, represents a highly dynamic structure which undergoes changes in response to different physiological and pathological processes. Previously, the expression profile of genes involved in several important processes in porcine oviductal epithelial cells (OECs) during long-term primary in vitro culture. The present study further characterizes the porcine OECs model using Affymetrix microarray assay and it analyzes gene expression changes observed on the 7th, 15th and 30th day of culture. 25 genes belonging to “coenzyme metabolic process”, “cofactor biosynthetic process” and “cofactor metabolic process” GO BP terms were differentially expressed in culture. The most up-regulated genes were ALDH1L2, P2RX7, PANK1, ACSS2, SCD, AASS and PDK3. In contrast, several genes appeared to be significantly down-regulated, e.g. ACSL4 and HAAO. Considering the biological roles of the most regulated genes, it can be concluded that these changes may indicate the increased metabolic and proliferation activity of studied cells in primary in vitro culture.

Running title: Cofactor and coenzyme metabolism in porcine oviductal epithelial cells
Enhancement of in Vitro Developmental Outcome of Cloned Goat Embryos After Epigenetic Modulation of Somatic Cell-Inherited Nuclear Genome with Trichostatin A
Authors: Skrzyszowska Maria , Samiec Marcin 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In this study, the effect of trichostatin A (TSA)-mediated epigenomic modulation of nuclear donor cells on the in vitro developmental potential of caprine somatic cell cloned embryos was examined. The enucleated ex vivo-matured oocytes were subzonally injected with adult ear skin-derived fibroblast cells exposed or not exposed to TSA (at a concentration of 50 nM). The experiment was designed on the basis of three different approaches to TSA-dependent modulation of donor cell-descended genome: before being used for somatic cell nuclear transfer/SCNT (Group I); immediately after activation of nuclear-transferred (NT) oocytes (Group II); or combined treatment both before being used for SCNT and after activation of NT oocytes (Group III). In the control Group IV, donor cell nuclei have not been treated with TSA at any stage of the experimental design. In TSA-treated Groups I and II and untreated Group IV, cleavage activities of cloned embryos were at the similar levels (80.6%, 79.8% and 77.1%, respectively). But, significant difference was observed between Groups III and IV (85.3 vs. 77.1%). Moreover, in the experimental Groups I and III, the percentages of cloned embryos that reached the blastocyst stages remarkably increased as compared to those noticed in the control Group IV (31.2% vs. 36.7% vs. 18.9%, respectively). In turn, among embryos assigned to Group II, blastocyst formation rate was only slightly higher than that in the control Group IV, but the differences were not statistically significant (25.8% vs. 18.9%). To sum up, TSA-based epigenomic modulation of somatic cell-inherited nuclear genome gave rise to increased competences of caprine cloned embryos to complete their development to blastocyst stages. In particular, sequential TSA-mediated modulation of both nuclear donor cells and activated NT oocytes led to improvement in the blastocyst yields of cloned goat embryos, which can result from enhanced donor cell nuclear reprogrammability.
Meat Quality of Commercial Chickens Reared in Different Production Systems: Industrial, Range and Organic
Authors: Gálvez Fernando , Domínguez Rubén , Maggiolino Aristide , Pateiro Mirian , Carballo Javier , De Palo Pasquale , Barba Francisco J. , Lorenzo José M. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Meat is an important part of the human diet since it provides several nutrients. However, the amount of these nutrients can differ according to several factors. With this in mind, the present research was designed with the main objective of evaluating the effect of production system of broiler chickens (industrial, range and organic) on meat quality. The physicochemical, chemical and nutritional characteristics were determined in breast and drumstick meat. The organic chickens presented the lowest amounts of fat and cholesterol and the highest amounts of protein. The colour was also influenced by the production system, where organic and range chickens had the highest values of redness in both cuts (breast and drumstick). In addition, the content of essential fatty acids (C18:2n-6 and C18:3n-3) and other fatty acids with high biological importance, such as eicosapentanoic acid (EPA; C20:5n-3), docosapentanoic acid (DPA; C22:5n-3) and docosahexanoic acid (DHA; C22:6n-3) were higher in organic samples compared to industrial or range chickens. The amino acids content did not vary with the production system. With regard to mineral contents, organic chickens had the highest values of iron in drumstick and significantly lower values of magnesium in both cuts than industrial chickens. On the whole, the meat of the organic chickens showed better nutritional characteristics than those produced in range or industrial conditions.
Subsurface tectonic characterizations by the use of geo-electrical resistivity technique and their implications on environmental soil and groundwater at Erbil dumpsite, west of Erbil city – Iraqi Kurdistan region
Authors: Gardi Sirwa Qader Smail , Asfahani Jamal 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Twenty seven vertical electrical resistivity soundings (VES), distributed on three profiles, have been carried out around the Erbil city dumpsite location in northern Iraq, by using Schlumberger configuration. The main objective of those VES soundings is to characterize the subsurface structures and to detect the probable soil contamination zones at the dumpsite and the surrounding district. Bai Hassan aquifer in the study region is one of most important natural fresh water in the central sub-basin of Erbil. The 2D Pichgin and Habibulleav technique is applied herein to study and analyse the three VES profiles. Its application in the study region has highly demonstrated the efficacy of such a technique. In fact, the subsurface structures in the study area have been recognized, and the exact position, dip, direction of the faults and groundwater level were also precisely detected. The role of applying this technique together with the available geological information, while carrying out geo-electrical surveys is emphasized to obtain useful, cheap and fast lithological, groundwater table and structural subsurface information.
Deep gravity data interpretation using seismic reflection and well data: A case study of the West Gharib-Bakr area, Eastern Desert, Egypt
Authors: Azab Ahmad A. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
A rigorous processing and analysis of the gravity data with seismic reflection and borehole information enabled a general view of the deep-seated regional structures in the West Gharib-Bakr area, Eastern Desert, Egypt. In this context, several interpretational techniques were applied to learn more about the supra-basement structures and intra-basement sources. The interpretation started with a review of the seismic data to clarify the structural elements on top of the Miocene strata, where a number of isochronous reflection maps were constructed and had migrated into depth maps. The Bouguer anomaly map was processed using Fast Fourier Transform filtering based on spectral analysis to separate the gravity anomalies into its components. Gravity stripping was also performed under the seismic isopachs and density controls. The gravity effect of each rock unit was calculated and progressively removed from the original data to obtain a new gravity map on top of the Pre-Miocene. To ensure more reliable results, further filtering and analytical processes were applied to the stripped map. The results of seismic analysis show simple structural configurations at the Miocene level, with a significant increase of evaporite thickness along the Gulf of Suez coast. In contrast, analysis of the stripped gravity map reveals a more intricate structure at the Pre-Miocene level, with increasing numbers/lengths of faults on the basement surface. Lineament analysis shows two major peaks trending N0–20°W and N50–70°E, produced by two main forces in NNW–SSE (compression) and ENE–WSW (tension) directions. The models confirmed a rough and ruptured basement surface, with no evidence of any magmatic intrusions penetrating the sediments. The basement relief map delineates five basins/sub-basins in the area which are separated from each other by ridges/saddles.