bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The semantics of evaluational adjectives
Authors: Goddard Cliff , Taboada Maite , Trnavac Radoslava 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe apply the Natural Semantic Metalanguage (NSM) approach (Goddard & Wierzbicka 2014) to the lexical-semantic analysis of English evaluational adjectives and compare the results with the picture developed in the Appraisal Framework (Martin & White 2005). The analysis is corpus-assisted, with examples mainly drawn from film and book reviews, and supported by collocational and statistical information from WordBanks Online. We propose NSM explications for 15 evaluational adjectives, arguing that they fall into five groups, each of which corresponds to a distinct semantic template. The groups can be sketched as follows: “First-person thought-plus-affect”, e.g.wonderful; “Experiential”, e.g.entertaining; “Experiential with bodily reaction”, e.g.gripping; “Lasting impact”, e.g.memorable; “Cognitive evaluation”, e.g.complex, excellent. These groupings and semantic templates are compared with the classifications in the Appraisal Framework’s system of Appreciation. In addition, we are particularly interested in sentiment analysis, the automatic identification of evaluation and subjectivity in text. We discuss the relevance of the two frameworks for sentiment analysis and other language technology applications.
The role of parallel constructions in imposition
Authors: Teo Ming Chew 
Published: November 2019

AbstractImposition, a general mechanism of contact-induced change that manifests itself in creole formation, second language acquisition, and even language attrition (Winford 2013), is a result of unequal dominance in a multilingual’s languages,whereby linguistic features from an individual’s more dominant language are transferred to a less dominant language (van Coetsem 1988). In order to flesh out how imposition operates in multilinguals, this study compares the differences between Singaporean Chinese and Malay speakers in their use ofalreadyin Colloquial Singapore English. Based on sociolinguistic interview data from twelve Chinese and eight Malay individuals, it is found that Chinese and Malay speakers differ primarily in two ways: (1) the preferred syntactic position foralready; (2) the frequency of different contexts thatalreadyappears in. By integrating theories from cognitive linguistics and findings from psycholinguistic studies, this paper argues that ‘equivalent’ constructions across two grammatical systems within a multilingual’s mind is a key channel through which imposition operates. To support this argument, differences between the speech of Chinese and Malay speakers are shown to be motivated by the presence or absence of ‘equivalent’ or parallel constructions.
Does personality influence ratings of foreign accents?
Authors: Gaffney Caitlin , Côté Stephanie 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In both research and educational settings, native and non-native speakers are often asked to make foreign accent ratings (FARs) as a measure of second language pronunciation. However, previous research has identified several factors that influence these ratings. The current study investigates one such variable that, to date, has received little attention in the literature: personality. Thirty-six monolingual English speakers completed the Big Five Aspects Scales personality test (DeYoung, Quilty, & Peterson, 2007) and provided accentedness ratings for 15 non-native English speakers (L1 Mandarin) and five native controls. Results show that two of the Big Five personality traits – conscientiousness and extraversion – were significantly correlated with the ratings listeners provided, while another trait – agreeableness – approached significance. These findings further underline the need to interpret FARs with caution, as variables unrelated to foreign accent, in this case listeners’ personality, may be associated with these ratings, as well.
From justification to modulation
Authors: Otsu Takahiro 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The English discourse marker after all and the
Japanese discourse marker datte have been commonly claimed to
give a reason or justification to the preceding utterance, and therefore, these
two expressions are regarded as the equivalent translation counterparts to each
other. This paper first attempts to propose that such an equated account is
motivated by these two discourse markers constructing a similar inferential
schema involved in the interpretation of the utterance including them. In fact,
datte and after all make manifest similar
polyfunctions according to the syntactic position although they encode different
lexical information. This is because these two discourse markers are indicators
that contribute to the inferential phase of communication by various degrees of
modulation of a cognitive gap between two different assumptions. Another aim of
this paper is to differentiate a procedural constraint these two indicators
encode on the interpretation of the utterance.
Beyond triadic communication
Authors: Duijn Max van , Verhagen Arie 
Published: November 2019

AbstractCoordinating different viewpoints is an essential part of human interaction. Languages have evolved conventional ways of supporting this process: many linguistic items are somehow involved in viewpoint management, ranging from morphological elements and lexical units to grammatical constructions and narrative patterns. In this paper we propose a conceptual model for analysing how particular instances (or combinations) of such linguistic items can be used to coordinate the viewpoints of signallers, addressees, and third parties involved in an interaction event. In essence, our model augmentsLangacker’s (1987)“viewing arrangement” through the addition of a third dimension to the existing two. We discuss the details of our model using a range of examples from spoken discourse, newspaper articles, and literary fiction, and end by placing it in broader discussions on human social cognition.
Inference from academic texts in children with autism
Authors: Engberg-Pedersen Elisabeth 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Children and adults with autism do worse on tests of inferences than controls. This fact has been attributed to poor language skills, a tendency to focus on detail, and poor social understanding. This study examines whether children with autism with age-appropriate language and cognitive skills have difficulties drawing inferences from academic, expository texts. Sixteen children with autism and a control group of twenty-four children were matched on language skills, nonverbal cognitive ability, and auditory and nonverbal working memory and compared on their responses to questions that require inferences. The children with autism scored significantly lower on inference questions than the controls. Although language skills explain much of the variance in inference scores, diagnostic background also made a contribution. The results are discussed in the light of theories of suppression of irrelevant information and recognition of text writers’ communicative intention.
Olive polyphenol reduces the collagen-elicited release of phosphorylated HSP27 from human platelets
Authors: Mizutani Daisuke , Onuma Takashi , Tanabe Kumiko , Kojima Akiko , Uematsu Kodai , Nakashima Daiki , Doi Tomoaki , Enomoto Yukiko , Matsushima-Nishiwaki Rie , Tokuda Haruhiko , Ogura Shinji , Iida Hiroki , Kozawa Osamu , Iwama Toru 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT
Hydroxytyrosol (HT) and oleuropein (OLE) are natural polyphenols found in extra virgin olive oil. Accumulating evidence indicates that ingestion of olive oil contributes to reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases and stroke. It has been reported that HT and OLE inhibit human platelet aggregation. We have shown that collagen induces the phosphorylation of heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) in human platelets, resulting in the release of HSP27, an extracellular pro-inflammatory agent. In this study, we investigated the effects of HT and OLE on the collagen-stimulated human platelet activation. The PDGF-AB secretion and the soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L) release by collagen were reduced by HT or OLE. HT and OLE significantly suppressed the phosphorylation of HSP27 and the release of phosphorylated-HSP27. These findings suggest that olive polyphenol reduces the collagen-stimulated phosphorylation of HSP27 in human platelets and the release. Our results may provide a novel anti- inflammatory effect of olive polyphenol.
Dynamics of the pedestal transport during edge localized mode cycles at ASDEX Upgrade
Authors: Viezzer E , Cavedon M , Cano-Megias P , Fable E , Wolfrum E , Cruz-Zabala D J , David P , Dux R , Fischer R , Harrer G F , Laggner F M , McDermott R M , Plank U , Pütterich T , Willensdorfer M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The dynamic behaviour of the ion and electron energy, particle and momentum transport measured during type-I edge localized mode (ELM) cycles at ASDEX Upgrade is presented. Fast measurements of the ion and electron temperature profiles revelead that the ion and electron energy transport recover on different timescales, with the electrons recovering on a slower timescale (Cavedon et
al 2017 Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion
59 105007). The dominant mechanism for the additional energy transport in the electron channel that could cause the delay in the electron temperature gradient (

∇

T
e

) recovery is attributed to the depletion of energy caused by the ELM. The local sources and sinks for the electron channel in the steep gradient region are much smaller compared to the energy flux arriving from the pedestal top, indicating that the core plasma may dictate the local dynamics of the

∇

T
e

recovery during the ELM cycle. A model for the edge momentum transport based on toroidal torque balance that takes into account the existence of poloidal impurity asymmetries has been developed. The analysis of the profile evolution during the ELM cycle shows that the model captures the dynamics of the rotation both before the ELM crash and during the recovery phase.
The Regaining of Traditional Street: Combining Street Network Configuration with Temporary Urban Interventions
Authors: Khalid N S , Raja Othman R N , Che Abdullah I , Marzukhi M A , Nasrudin N 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Observations and Axial analysis models are combined into Space Syntax to study the corresponding relationship between a street network and how temporary urban interventions in a traditional shopping street in Little India, Kuala Lumpur, may affect public life. Little India was chosen as the case study because of its historical and cultural significance. The study aims to explore the most important temporary urban interventions - activity-based interventions in traditional shopping street through the spatial logic of street network. Static snapshots and people-following were conducted in Little India, to observe activity and movement during a whole day on a weekday and a weekend day. Two (2) parameters in Space Syntax were chosen including global integration and local integration to measure its urban interventions, activities, and movement among visitors in traditional shopping streets. The result indicates that there is a certain correlation among these parameters with the following spatial configurative analyses; all lines analyses and segment based angular analyses. It finds significant relationships between global integration and local integration, and the activity pattern. It is proposed in this paper that streets with a high degree of integration and adjacent to main streets; Jalan Tun Sambanthan is a key factor for carrying forward temporary urban interventions in Little India. More attention should be paid to the street network to preserve diversity, make the streets active, and importantly to improve public life.
Evaluating Effects of a Critical Micronutrient (24-Methylenecholesterol) on Honey Bee Physiology
Authors: Chakrabarti Priyadarshini , Lucas Hannah M , Sagili Ramesh R 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAlthough poor nutrition is cited as one of the crucial factors in global pollinator decline, the requirements and role of several important nutrients (especially micronutrients) in honey bees are not well understood. Micronutrients, viz. phytosterols, play a physiologically vital role in insects as precursors of important molting hormones and building blocks of cellular membranes. There is a gap in comprehensive understanding of the impacts of dietary sterols on honey bee physiology. In the present study, we investigated the role of 24-methylenecholesterol—a key phytosterol—in honey bee nutritional physiology. Artificial diets with varying concentrations of 24-methylenecholesterol (0%, 0.1%. 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75%, and 1% dry diet weight) were formulated and fed to honey bees in a laboratory cage experiment. Survival, diet consumption, head protein content, and abdominal lipid contents were significantly higher in dietary sterol-supplemented bees. Our findings provide additional insights regarding the role of this important sterol in honey bee nutritional physiology. The insights gleaned from this study could also advance the understanding of sterol metabolism and regulation in other bee species that are dependent on pollen for sterols, and assist in formulation of a more complete artificial diet for honey bees (Apis mellifera Linnaeus, 1758) (Hymenoptera: Apidae).
Is Banning Texturized Implants to Prevent Breast Implant-Associated Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma a Rational Decision? A Meta-Analysis and Cost-Effectiveness Study
Authors: Danilla Stefan V , Jara Rocio P , Miranda Felipe , Bencina Francisco , Aguirre Marcela , Troncoso Ekaterina , Erazo Cristian A , Andrades Patricio R , Sepulveda Sergio L , Albornoz Claudia R 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) is an emergent disease that threatens patients with texturized breast implants. Major concerns about the safety of these implants are leading to global changes to restrict the utilization of this product. The principal alternative is to perform breast augmentation utilizing smooth implants, given the lack of association with BIA-ALCL. The implications and costs of this intervention are unknown.

Objectives
The authors of this study determined the cost-effectiveness of smooth implants compared with texturized implants for breast augmentation surgery.

Methods
A tree decision model was utilized to analyze the cost-effectiveness. Model input parameters were derived from published sources. The capsular contracture (CC) rate was calculated from a meta-analysis. Effectiveness measures were life years, avoided BIA-ALCL, avoided deaths, and avoided reoperations. A sensitivity analysis was performed to test the robustness of the model.

Results
For avoided BIA-ALCL, the incremental cost was $18,562,003 for smooth implants over texturized implants. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was negative for life years, and avoided death and avoided reoperations were negative. The sensitivity analysis revealed that to avoid 1 case of BIA-ALCL, the utilization of smooth implants would be cost-effective for a risk of developing BIA-ALCL equal to or greater than 1:196, and there is a probability of CC with smooth implants equal to or less than 0.096.

Conclusions
The utilization of smooth implants to prevent BIA-ALCL is not cost-effective. Banning texturized implants to prevent BIA-ALCL may involve additional consequences, which should be considered in light of higher CC rates and more reoperations associated with smooth implants than with texturized implants.
Population demography, genetic variation and reproductive biology of two rare and endangered Neoregelia species (Bromeliaceae)
Authors: Freitas Leandro , Ribeiro Priciane C C , Cancio Aline S , Machado Marco A , Sampaio Michelle C , Forzza Rafaela C , Viccini Lyderson F 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAlthough plant demography, genetics and reproduction are inter-related processes, few studies on rare tropical plants have attempted to integrate them. We used an integrated approach to study two endangered Neoregelia spp. from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. The floral phenotypes of N. ibitipocensis and N. oligantha are similar, and both species are visited and pollinated only by bumblebees. Flowers of N. ibitipocensis secrete copious nectar, which bees can access only by forcing the corolla to open, whereas flowers of N. oligantha are nectarless. Neoregelia ibitipocensis is self-incompatible and pollen-limited, whereas N. oligantha is self-compatible and sets fruits spontaneously. Population growth rates indicate an increasing population size for both species, although to a lesser extent for N. oligantha. Genetic diversity as a whole was moderate; Bayesian analysis indicated a spatially structured cluster for N. ibitipocensis populations, and genetic diversity was scattered across the distribution of N. oligantha. Despite these differences, vegetative reproduction via clonal growth was the main component of population structuring in both species. Limited seed production in N. ibitipocensis and the risk of genetic drift in N. oligantha seem to be the main threats to their persistence.
Rethinking Digital Democracy: From the Disembodied Discursive Self to New Materialist Corporealities
Authors: Asenbaum Hans 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
To understand what digital democracy is, this article suggests looking at the individual level of democratic subjectivity. Who is the democratic subject and how is it constituted in digital democracy? It revisits the poststructuralist-inspired debate about cyberdemocracy in the 1990s, which conceptualized the democratic subject as disembodied discursive self, reifying through textuality in cyberspace. In contrast, current debates on new materialism offer novel perspectives with attention to the materiality of bodies and things. New materialist thought has been fruitfully incorporated for social interaction online, but they have yet to be applied to political participation. By discussing three examples of political online participation in which users materialize their classed, raced, and gendered bodies, this article contributes to a novel understanding of embodied democratic subjectivity in the digital age.
Genetic Diversity of Composite Enterotoxigenic Staphylococcus epidermidis Pathogenicity Islands
Authors: Banaszkiewicz Sylwia , Calland Jessica K , Mourkas Evangelos , Sheppard Samuel K , Pascoe Ben , Bania Jacek 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe only known elements encoding enterotoxins in coagulase-negative staphylococci are composite Staphylococcus epidermidis pathogenicity islands (SePIs), including SePI and S. epidermidis composite insertion (SeCI) regions. We investigated 1545 Staphylococcus spp. genomes using whole-genome MLST, and queried them for genes of staphylococcal enterotoxin family and for 29 ORFs identified in prototype SePI from S. epidermidis FRI909. Enterotoxin-encoding genes were identified in 97% of Staphylococcus aureus genomes, in one Staphylococcus argenteus genome and in nine S. epidermidis genomes. All enterotoxigenic S. epidermidis strains carried composite SePI, encoding sec and sel enterotoxin genes, and were assigned to a discrete wgMLST cluster also containing genomes with incomplete islands located in the same region as complete SePI in enterotoxigenic strains. Staphylococcus epidermidis strains without SeCI and SePI genes, and strains with complete SeCI and no SePI genes were identified but no strains were found to carry only SePI and not SeCI genes. The systematic differences between SePI and SeCI regions imply a lineage-specific pattern of inheritance and support independent acquisition of the two elements in S. epidermidis. We provided evidence of reticulate evolution of mobile elements that contain elements with different putative ancestry, including composite SePI that contains genes found in other coagulase-negative staphylococci (SeCI), as well as in S. aureus (SePI-like elements). We conclude that SePI-associated elements present in nonenterotoxigenic S. epidermidis represent a scaffold associated with acquisition of virulence-associated genes. Gene exchange between S. aureus and S. epidermidis may promote emergence of new pathogenic S. epidermidis clones.
The Mitogenome of Norway Spruce and a Reappraisal of Mitochondrial Recombination in Plants
Authors: Sullivan Alexis R , Eldfjell Yrin , Schiffthaler Bastian , Delhomme Nicolas , Asp Torben , Hebelstrup Kim H , Keech Olivier , Öberg Lisa , Møller Ian Max , Arvestad Lars , Street Nathaniel R , Wang Xiao-Ru 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPlant mitogenomes can be difficult to assemble because they are structurally dynamic and prone to intergenomic DNA transfers, leading to the unusual situation where an organelle genome is far outnumbered by its nuclear counterparts. As a result, comparative mitogenome studies are in their infancy and some key aspects of genome evolution are still known mainly from pregenomic, qualitative methods. To help address these limitations, we combined machine learning and in silico enrichment of mitochondrial-like long reads to assemble the bacterial-sized mitogenome of Norway spruce (Pinaceae: Picea abies). We conducted comparative analyses of repeat abundance, intergenomic transfers, substitution and rearrangement rates, and estimated repeat-by-repeat homologous recombination rates. Prompted by our discovery of highly recombinogenic small repeats in P. abies, we assessed the genomic support for the prevailing hypothesis that intramolecular recombination is predominantly driven by repeat length, with larger repeats facilitating DNA exchange more readily. Overall, we found mixed support for this view: Recombination dynamics were heterogeneous across vascular plants and highly active small repeats (ca. 200 bp) were present in about one-third of studied mitogenomes. As in previous studies, we did not observe any robust relationships among commonly studied genome attributes, but we identify variation in recombination rates as a underinvestigated source of plant mitogenome diversity.