bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does altitude affect blood gases in hemodialysis patients?
Authors: Coşkun Yavuz Yasemin , Altun Eda , Sevinc Can , Guney Ibrahim , Korez Muslu Kazim , Biyik Zeynep , Altintepe Lutfullah 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIntroductionThis study aimed to determine whether predialysis blood gases is affected by altitude differences in hemodialysis patients with arteriovenous fistulas living in Turkey at three different altitudes.MethodsPatients' predialysis blood gases were compared by standardizing both arterial blood gases collections and working methods for patients undergoing hemodialysis using a dialysate with the same properties at altitudes of 30 m (sea level), 1020 m (moderate altitude), and 1951 m (high altitude).FindingsBlood gases disorders were detected in 32 (82.1%) high altitude group patients, whereas 49 (74.2%) sea level group patients had no blood gases disorders (P < 0.001). pH values in the high altitude group were significantly lower than those in the other groups, and the pH increased as altitude decreased (P < 0.001). The partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) values was higher in the sea level group than in the other groups and increased at lower sea levels (P < 0.001). Bicarbonate values were significantly higher in the sea level group than in the other groups and increased at lower sea levels, similar to PaCO2 values (P < 0.001). The partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) values in the high altitude and sea level groups were significantly higher and increased at lower sea levels (P < 0.001). The oxygen saturation (SaO2) values were significantly lower in the high altitude group than in the other groups and increased gradually at lower sea levels (P < 0.001).DiscussionPredialysis metabolic acidosis was more pronounced in patients undergoing hemodialysis at high altitudes, whereas PaCO2, PaO2, and SaO2 values were lower.
Observed restrictive feeding practices among low‐income mothers of pre‐adolescents
Authors: Bauer Katherine W. , Weeks Heidi M. , Shah Kinari , Ludwig‐Borycz Elizabeth , Riley Hurley , Lumeng Julie C. , Miller Alison L. 
Published: June 2020

SummaryObjectivesTo describe verbal and non‐verbal restrictive feeding practices used by low‐income mothers with their pre‐adolescent children during a laboratory‐based protocol, and examine associations between mother/child anthropometrics, child appetitive traits and mothers’ restrictive practices.MethodsMothers and children (dyad n = 108, mean child age = 11.0 years [SD = 1.2]) were provided a standardized meal and then buffet of desserts. Sessions were video‐recorded, and trained coders reliably identified positive and negative restrictive statements, non‐verbal restrictive behaviours and redirection to healthier foods. Mother/child anthropometrics were measured by trained study staff and child appetitive traits reported by mothers using subscales of the Children's Eating Behaviours Questionnaire. Negative binomial regression was used to examine associations between mother/child characteristics and restrictive practices.ResultsNearly all mothers (89.8%) engaged in restrictive feeding during the dessert buffet. Positive restrictive statements were the most common form of restriction (mean statements/10 minutes = 3.2 [SD = 3.1]). No associations were observed between children's body mass index (BMI) or appetitive traits and mothers’ restrictive feeding practices. Associations of small effect size were observed between mothers’ BMI, use of positive restrictive statements (incidence rate ratio [IRR] = 0.98 [0.96‐0.996]) and non‐verbal restrictive behaviours (IRR = 0.96 [0.93‐0.99]).ConclusionsLaboratory‐based feeding protocols can objectively assess nuances in restrictive feeding practices. Further research is needed to understand how specific approaches to restriction affect children's eating behaviours and weight.
Cognitive ability in virtual reality: Validity evidence for VR game‐based assessments
Authors: Weiner Erik J. , Sanchez Diana R. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractVirtual reality (VR) technology may provide unique benefits for assessing individual characteristics, in contrast with traditional assessments. This study examined validity evidence for the use of VR game (VRG) scores to indicate specific cognitive abilities. Participants completed three VRGs, three computer‐based assessments (CBAs), and additional scales. To evaluate convergent validity, VRG scores were compared with CBA scores. For divergent validity, VRG scores were compared with five factors of personality based on the Five Factor Model. For criterion‐related validity, VRG scores were compared with academic achievement (i.e., grade point average). Findings generally provided support that the VRG scores are related to certain spatial reasoning subdimensions of cognitive ability. However, further research is needed to examine the qualities of VRGs as assessment tools.
Rotation de la main‐d'œuvre en Amérique latine: différences de nature et d'intensité
Authors: BECCARIA Luis , MAURIZIO Roxana 
Published: June 2020

RésuméL'étude de la rotation de la main‐d'œuvre est particulièrement importante pour l'Amérique latine où les cycles économiques sont accentués et où la protection sociale est limitée. Les auteurs estiment l'intensité de cette rotation dans six pays d'Amérique latine au cours des années 2000, décomposent les différences observées et examinent les trajectoires des travailleurs. Les taux de rotation de la main‐d'œuvre apparaissent très différents, ce qui s'explique surtout par le degré d'emploi informel et temporaire. Dans tous les cas, une grande partie des sorties de l'emploi se font vers le chômage ou le travail précaire.
A major new alliance in Australian healthcare: the Australian consensus framework for ethical collaboration in the healthcare sector
Authors: Lipworth Wendy , Fitzpatrick Jane , Cosenza Adrian , Kerridge Ian , Subramanian Peter , Verhoeven Alison , Wells Leanne 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe 'Australian Consensus Framework for Ethical Collaboration in the Healthcare Sector' (ACF) is an Australian initiative aimed at countering dysfunction and growing mistrust in the health sector through the development of a cross‐sectoral consensus framework. The development of this framework arose from Australia's involvement in the Asia Pacific Economic Cooperative (APEC) and has since become the largest of its kind internationally, with over 70 signatories representing professional bodies, industry organisations, hospital and health services associations, regulators and patient and advocacy groups. In this article, we describe and critique the framework and outline its implementation.
Retrieval medicine and pre‐hospital care in remote Australia
Authors: Ting Joseph 
Published: June 2020

AbstractRetrieval medicine and pre‐hospital care in remote Australia are challenging, requiring competencies in major trauma, high‐risk obstetrics, critical care in adults and children, severe mental health‐related agitation and envenomation. They keep a city‐based retrieval and pre‐hospital care doctor on their toes. Cultural fluencies to enhance care for Aboriginal and remote communities are critical during the long hours taken for the patient journey from the accident scene or clinic to definitive care.
To solve or to observe? The case of problem‐solving interactivity within child learning games
Authors: Tetourová Tereza , Hannemann Tereza , Javora Ondřej , Volná Kristina , Šisler Vít , Brom Cyril 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe explored whether problem‐solving interactivity within an instructional game fosters learning for children aged 8–10 years. Participants (N = 139) studied a biological topic either through a game‐based learning environment (in which they solved assigned problems by interacting with a plant model) or from a standard learning environment (in which they observed how the problems were solved in an animation) (i.e., between‐subject design). The treatments were equal with regard to learning content and guidance. No between‐group differences in learning outcomes were detected (comprehension: d = 0.16; transfer: d = −0.01). Self‐rating of enjoyment tended to be higher in the game group (d = 0.32), and when the children could choose between the treatments in a free‐choice period, they strongly preferred the interactive game (87.5%). The results suggest that both the interactive and the non‐interactive treatments are useful, but their applicability may differ depending on the learning context (e.g., school vs. home).
Study within a trial protocol: Same‐day consent vs. delayed consent in a randomized trial
Authors: Elfghi Marah , Jordan Fionnuala , Sultan Sherif , Tawfick Wael 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundRandomized trials are designed to evaluate the effects of health care interventions. The recruitment process in a randomized trial can be challenging. Poor recruitment can have a negative impact on the allocated budget and estimated completion date of the study and may result in an underpowered research that will not adequately answer the original research question.AimWe aim to perform a Study Within A Trial (SWAT) to evaluate the impact of same‐day consent or delayed consent on recruitment and retention in the host trial.MethodsThis SWAT is designed as an observational study. However, the host trial is a randomized controlled trial evaluating the effectiveness of an intensive lifestyle modification program in patients with peripheral arterial disease. For this trial and SWAT, same‐day consent is defined as the patient giving consent on the same day, after the investigator has fully explained the predesigned information leaflet for the host trial. Delayed consent is defined as the patient feeling they still need further time to consider their decision to participate or not.Swat registrationThe SWAT was registered on the Northern Ireland Network for Trials Methodology Research.
Acute kidney injury following the use of different proton pump inhibitor regimens: A real‐world analysis of post‐marketing surveillance data
Authors: Chen Gang , Ning Li‐Juan , Qin Yan , Zhao Bin , Mei Dan , Li Xue‐Mei 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackground and AimRecent evidence has concerned acute kidney injury (AKI) after the proton pump inhibitor (PPI) application. There are few real‐world studies to compare the occurrences, clinical features, and prognosis of AKI related to various PPI regimens. We aimed to evaluate and compare the links between different PPIs and AKI in a large population by investigating the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) until recently.MethodsDisproportionality analysis and Bayesian analysis were used in data mining to screen the suspected AKI after different PPIs based on the FAERS from January 2004 to December 2019. The times to onset, fatality, and hospitalization rates of PPI‐associated AKI were also investigated.ResultsWe identified 19 522 PPI‐associated AKIs, which appeared to influence more middle‐aged patients than elderly ones (53.04% vs 33.94%). Women were more affected than men (55.42% vs 44.58%). Lansoprazole appeared a stronger AKI association than other PPIs, based on the highest reporting odds ratio (reporting odds ratio = 20.8, 95% confidence interval = 20.16, 21.46), proportional reporting ratio (proportional reporting ratio = 15.55, χ2 = 73 899.68), and empirical Bayes geometric mean (empirical Bayes geometric mean = 15.15, 95% confidence interval = 14.76). The median time to AKI onset was 446 (interquartile range [IQR] 16–2176) days after PPI administration. PPIs showed a significant difference in average time to AKI onset (P < 0.001), with the shortest of 9 (IQR 3–25) days for rabeprazole and the longest of 1221 (IQR 96.5–2620) days for esomeprazole. PPI‐associated AKI generally led to a 5.69% fatality rate and an 8.94% hospitalization rate. The highest death rate occurred in rabeprazole (15.35%).ConclusionsBased on the FAERS database, we profiled AKI related to various PPIs with more details in occurrences, clinical characteristics, and prognosis. Concern should be paid for PPIs when applied to patients with a tendency for AKI.
A noninvasive myorelaxant approach resulting in gummy smile improvement—A pilot study
Authors: Bojanowski Krzysztof , Corona Pedro , Ma Stephanie , Zhao Hui 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe opportunity to shape facial appearance through noninvasive muscle relaxation procedures remains largely unfulfilled. Here, a hypothesis was tested whether an intraoral application of a mucoadhesive, biodegradable slow release formulation may trigger beneficial cosmetic outcomes in and around the mouth.AimsA clinical case study was designed to determine the effect of a transbuccal delivery of a formulation containing a botanical muscle relaxant on the appearance of the smile line. The ingredients of this formulation were then tested for metalloproteinase inhibition, in fibroblast culture model, to further determine their value for intraoral application.Patients/MethodsA bioadhesive patch device was engineered and applied under the upper lip of three volunteers. Changes in gingival coverage were interrogated by morphometry. Levels of MMP1 and MMP3 in fibroblast culture‐conditioned medium were measured by sandwitch ELISA and cell proliferation by sulforhodamine B method.ResultsThe cosmetic benefit of the transoral delivery of skeletal muscle relaxing formulation was demonstrated by loosening upper lip skin and improving the gummy smile condition. The ingredients of that formulation also had an inhibitory effect on MMP1 and MMP3 protein level in vitro, and enhanced cell proliferation in the adult fibroblast model.ConclusionTaken together, these results indicate that the transbuccal delivery platform is an effective approach to improve gingival coverage, while potentially providing beneficial functionality for both skin and the oral cavity.
Lichen planus pemphigoides after body tattooing
Authors: Lim Agnes , Tang Po Yin , Oh Choon Chiat 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDecorative tattooing is very popular worldwide and is associated with cutaneous complications, ranging from infections to localized or generalized skin reactions. We report a case of a patient presenting with generalized violaceous pruritic papular lesions 1 month after obtaining a black ink tattoo. Histological examination of a papular lesion distal to the tattoo site showed focal band‐like lymphocytic infiltrate. He subsequently developed bullae over the papular lesions, with elevated serum BP180 antibody levels. A diagnosis of generalized lichen planus and lichen planus pemphigoides was made. He responded to treatment with potent topical corticosteroids and ciclosporin. We also reviewed the presentation and treatment of published cases of lichenoid reactions in the literature. With the increasing popularity of tattoos, awareness of this potential complication and possible treatments is important.
The functional characterization of LjNRT2.4 indicates a novel, positive role of nitrate for an efficient nodule N2‐fixation activity
Authors: Valkov Vladimir Totev , Sol Stefano , Rogato Alessandra , Chiurazzi Maurizio 
Published: June 2020

Summary

Atmospheric nitrogen (N2)‐fixing nodules are formed on the roots of legume plants as result of the symbiotic interaction with rhizobia. Nodule functioning requires high amounts of carbon and energy, and therefore legumes have developed finely tuned mechanisms to cope with changing external environmental conditions, including nutrient availability and flooding. The investigation of the role of nitrate as regulator of the symbiotic N2 fixation has been limited to the inhibitory effects exerted by high external concentrations on nodule formation, development and functioning.

We describe a nitrate‐dependent route acting at low external concentrations that become crucial in hydroponic conditions to ensure an efficient nodule functionality. Combined genetic, biochemical and molecular studies are used to unravel the novel function of the LjNRT2.4 gene.

Two independent null mutants are affected by the nitrate content of nodules, consistent with LjNRT2.4 temporal and spatial profiles of expression. The reduced nodular nitrate content is associated to a strong reduction of nitrogenase activity and a severe N‐starvation phenotype observed under hydroponic conditions. We also report the effects of the mutations on the nodular nitric oxide (NO) production and content.

We discuss the involvement of LjNRT2.4 in a nitrate‐NO respiratory chain taking place in the N2‐fixing nodules.
Mendelssohns' cosmopolitan map and Solstad’s rural Telemark
Authors: Haugen Marius Warholm 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis article makes a comparative analysis of La carte des Mendelssohn (2015), by the Belgian novelist Diane Meur, and Det uoppløselige episke element i Telemark i perioden 1591–1896 (2013), by the Norwegian novelist Dag Solstad. It examines how these two original literary projects explore different modalities of the relationship between genealogy and geography in order to challenge established forms of historical family narratives. Solstad's text is anchored in the local, circumscribed to the rural areas of the Norwegian region of Telemark, while Meur's text is an exploration of cosmopolitanism; however, they come together in exposing the profound interconnectedness between people and places and its relational productivity.
Xanthoma striatum palmare and biliary tract atresia: An unusual association
Authors: Joner Mattias Fernanda , Escobar Gabriela Fortes , Peruzzo Juliano 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCutaneous xanthomas develop as a result of lipid deposition in the dermis and may be a manifestation of various systemic diseases. The morphology and anatomic location of xanthomas are often a clue to the underlying cause. Xanthoma striatum palmare (XSP) is classically associated with dysbetalipoproteinemia and rarely observed in hepatic disorders. We present a case of a 2‐year‐old child diagnosed with XSP and biliary tract atresia.
Modelling Fuel Injector Spray Characteristics in Jet Engines by Using Vine Copulas
Authors: Coblenz Maximilian , Holz Simon , Bauer Hans-Jörg , Grothe Oliver , Koch Rainer 
Published: June 2020

SummaryThe emission requirements for jet engines are becoming more stringent and the combustion process determines pollutant emissions. Therefore, we model the distribution of fuel drops generated by a fuel injector in a jet engine, which can be assumed to be a five-dimensional problem in terms of drop size, x-position, y-position, x-velocity and y-velocity. The data are generated by numerical simulations of the fuel atomization process for several jet engine operating conditions. In combustion simulations, the variables are usually assumed to be independent at the start of the simulation, which is clearly not so as our data show. The dependence between some of the variables is non-monotone and asymmetric, which makes the modelling task difficult. Our aim is to provide a realistic parametric model for the dependence structure. For this, we employ vine copulas which provide a flexible way to construct a multivariate distribution function. However, we need to use non-standard bivariate copulas as building blocks. Using this copula representation enables us to create realistic samples of fuel spray droplets which improve the prediction of the combustion process and the pollutant emissions. Moreover, this approach is significantly faster than solving the set of differential equations describing fuel disintegration.
Digital droplet polymerase chain reaction to monitor ultraviolet C treatment of single‐donor and buffy coat platelet units
Authors: Voglau Uta , Müller Thomas H. , Seltsam Axel , Gravemann Ute , Handke Wiebke , Doescher Andrea 
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUNDUVC illumination of agitated platelet concentrates (PCs) inactivates pathogens and white blood cells by modifications of their nucleic acids. Related effects on mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in platelets serve as a basis for an efficient monitoring suited for routine quality control (QC) of this purely physical pathogen reduction technology.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSSamples from PCs (n = 530) were tested with an established LightCycler PCR (LC PCR) for QC of the UVC procedure. RNR2 and TRNK/ATP8 genes were sequenced in the PCs (n = 21) with out‐of‐specification results in the LC PCR. A digital droplet PCR (ddPCR) was developed to minimize the outliers and cross‐validated by testing the 530 PCs. The ddPCR was further evaluated in a subgroup of 300 PCs without mtDNA extraction and in samples from systematic variations of UVC dose and agitation speed.RESULTSApheresis PCs (n = 380) resulted in 5.3% outliers in LC PCR versus only 0.7% in buffy coat pool PCs (n = 150). Sequencing of these outliers revealed single‐nucleotide polymorphisms in the primer‐ and probe‐binding sites of LC PCR. The development of a ddPCR assay with modified probe sequences reduced the outliers to 0.4%. The ddPCR analysis of PCs both with and without mtDNA extraction demonstrated low intra‐ and interassay variabilities and congruent results also compared to LC PCR. Experiments varying the UVC dose and the agitation speed demonstrated that the ddPCR results closely reflect functional effects of the UVC treatment.CONCLUSIONThe ddPCR assay offers a valid and reliable tool for QC of routine production of the UVC‐treated PCs as well as for monitoring treatment conditions during optimization of the UVC procedure.
Biomechanical evaluation of an autologous flexor digitorum lateralis graft to augment the surgical repair of gastrocnemius tendon laceration in a canine ex vivo model
Authors: Duffy Daniel J. , Curcillo Chiara P. , Chang Yi‐Jen , Gaffney Lewis , Fisher Matthew B. , Moore George E. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of an autologous flexor digitorum lateralis (FDL) graft to augment a three‐loop pulley (3LP) core repair in a canine cadaveric gastrocnemius tendon (GT) laceration model.Study designEx vivo, biomechanical study.Sample populationTwenty‐six canine cadaveric hind limbs.MethodsTendons were divided into two groups (n = 13). After sharp transection, paired GT were repaired with 3LP or 3LP + FDL tendon augmentation. Yield, peak and failure loads, tensile loads required to create 1 and 3‐mm gapping, and failure modes were analyzed. Significance was set at P < .05.ResultsYield and failure force (mean ± SD) for 3LP + FDL were 134.9 ± 44.1 N and 205.4 ± 46.4 N, respectively, which were greater than for 3LP alone (67.9 ± 12.2 N and 91.8 ± 9.9 N, respectively, P < .0001). No constructs (0%) formed 1 or 3‐mm gaps in the 3LP + FDL graft group compared with 84% and 39% for 3LP, respectively (P < .0001). Failure modes were different between groups (P < .001), with 85% of 3LP + FDL constructs failing by tissue rupture at the myotendinous junction, distant to the repair site.ConclusionAddition of an autologous FDL graft to a core 3LP tendon repair increased yield, peak, and failure forces by twofold, 2.3‐fold, and 2.2‐fold, respectively, compared with core 3LP alone while preventing the occurrence of gap formation.Clinical significanceUse of FDL tendon augmentation for GT laceration may increase repair site strength and resist gap formation better than 3LP core suture use alone. Additional studies are required in vivo to determine the effect of FDL graft augmentation on clinical function.