bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Innovation Management in Swedish Municipalities
Authors: Wihlman Thomas , Hoppe Magnus , Wihlman Ulla , Sandmark Hélène 
Published: May 2020

Research on public sector innovation is still limited, and increased knowledge of innovation processes is needed. This article is a based on a study of the fulfillment of innovation policies in Swedish municipalities and gives a first-hand, empirical view of the complexities of innovation in the public sector. The study took place in four municipalities in central Sweden. The municipalities varied in size and organizational forms. Interviews and policy documents were used for data collection. The results showed that the innovation policies were not followed by action, which may be described as not mobilizing dynamic capabilities to create innovativeness. Thus, dynamic capabilities such as learning and HRM were not used in conjunction with innovation. Particularly amongst senior management there was a negative attitude towards the innovative capacity of their organization. Middle management saw possibilities. However barriers such as extensive control systems removed the focus from innovation. Communication lacked between senior management and middle management regarding innovation. The conclusion was that innovation, as both concept and practice, was not fully embraced by the municipalities. It is suggested that a generative leadership, opening up for communication within the organizations, especially between employees, could be beneficial and that a common understanding and definition of the innovation concept is needed. Integration of top-down processes with bottom-up processes, such as employee-driven innovation, is also suggested.
High-performance Work Practices in Europe: Challenges of Diffusion
Authors: Totterdill Peter , Exton Oliver , Exton Rosemary , Gold Michael 
Published: May 2020

Although the evidence supports the role of high-performance work practices (HPWPs) in underpinning improvements in organisational performance, it is striking that so few companies in Europe seem willing to introduce them. The purpose of this article is to examine the barriers to the dissemination of HPWPs, and especially the challenges and dilemmas it presents to policy makers at the design stage. The article is based on in-depth, semi-structured interviews with the principal officials responsible for seven HPWP programmes across six European countries, as well as on extensive secondary material. The interviews were analysed to identify key issues of concern, and then grouped to provide general insights into the operation of HPWP programmes. The article identifies a number of challenges common to all the programmes that need resolution, including tensions between research and dissemination, whether programmes should aim at breadth or depth, and the role of the social partners. It accordingly advocates a new research agenda that focuses on policies to achieve their wider diffusion, which will be of particular value to policy-makers. It also proposes that research should be directed away from replicating studies that demonstrate the effectiveness of HPWPs and towards analyses of constraints on dissemination and the means to overcome them.
Man-Made:The damaging consequences of having so few women in positions of power
Authors: Edmonds John , Tutchell Eva 
Published: May 2020

Very few women are inpositions of power in Britain. Men hold about 80% of powerful positions and this imbalance of power not only offends normal considerations of justice and equality but has damaging consequences for Britain's economic performance. Male dominated organisations tend to be highly centralised, wasting talent and stifling iniative and innovation. A progamme of fundeamental reform, including the enforcement of current legislation, the introduction of quotas in key areas and the provision of career breaks is proposed.
Innovation adoption of employees in the logistics sector in the Netherlands: The role of workplace innovation
Authors: Putnik Katarina , Oeij Peter , Dhondt Stephen , Van der Torre Wouter , De Vroome Ernest , Preenen Paul 
Published: May 2020

In this study we examine individual behavioural and organisational predictors of innovation adoption amongemployees in the transport and logistics sector in the Netherlands. The framework of the study is based on theories of planned behaviour and workplace innovation. Based on a survey of 224 respondents, we see that employees who are expressing innovative behaviour, are feeling engaged in the process of innovation development and implementation, and are stimulated to contribute in the team or department’s meetings, also have a positive perception of innovation. Ease of use and subjective norm are key elements related to the actual use of innovation, i.e., innovation adoption. The role of workplace innovation, that is engagement of employees in decision making and giving them voice in the process of innovation development and innovation, is highly relevant for successful implementation of innovation.
Introducing a corporate concept into organisational practices: a case study of domestication and organisational choice
Authors: Haga Trond , Ravn Johan E. 
Published: May 2020

This article discusses a case of introducing and launching a new corporate concept, a so-called company-specific production system (XPS), into an organisation. Such concepts are at present very commonly used, but what does it take to implement a new logic into an existing organisation? As a theoretical point of departure, the process was understood as a process of domestication, where the imported concept moves from being external, general and unfamiliar to becoming inter­nal and known, owned by the organisational culture and embedded in its practices. Domestication is a process where the import has to be rescripted through how the organisation, as individual members and as various collectives, enacts it, makes sense of it and understands it. The organisation in this case study had a rich tradition of participation, and in the process under study, members from most levels and functions were involved in the attempts to transform the general concept into something workable and company-specific. This paper takes a socio-technical design approach, which argues that organisations importing new technology or new organisational concepts are faced with choices, not with something inevitable. The study reveals the challenges of the domestication process and how the organisation faces not one choice but a multiplicity of interdependent choices, and how handling the process calls for an untraditional, complex and participatory approach.
A Socio-Technical Perspective on the Digital Era: The Lowlands view
Authors: Govers Mark , Amelsvoort Pierre Van 
Published: May 2020

Given growing global competition, organisations face the dual challenge of creating workplaces that are, on the one hand, more productive, agile, and innovative, and on the other hand, healthy places to work.At the same time, we are facing a digital revolution with profound consequences in work and daily life. Digital technologies have potential opportunities, but also constraints. To make the transformation successful joint optimise of social and technical systems is necessary. The sociotechnical systems design theory (STS-D) and practice have focused the last 70 years on this challenge. Over the years, different STS lenses have developed like participative design (North America and Australia), democratic dialogue (Scandinavia) and organisation design (the Netherlands and Belgium, the Lowlands). All have in common the aim of designing modern organisations that are humane, productive, agile and innovative. Also, digital technology has developed over the years: from digitisation to digitalisation, and lately into digital transformation affecting societies, organisations and humans. With this article we take the Lowlands STS-D theory as perspective and we discover how this theory, especially the design sequence, should be adjusted to apply successful digital technology. First, we zoom in on digital technologies and its opportunities. Second, we zoom in on the STS-D Lowlands design theory its principles and organisational design sequence. The original design sequence requires adjustment from a digital technology perspective. We propose a combined approach from a digital-technical and social perspective. We end with new routines for designing modern 21stcentury organisations that facilitate organisational and digital experts to jointly optimise both perspectives in practice.
The role of universities for workplace innovation: a Turkish case
Authors: Köksal Hayal 
Published: May 2020

Universities have three essential functions. One is educational and other is about generating knowledge and technology. The last one is related to the bridge between the theory and practice that is being practically engaged to the society that is generally called “Service”. In many of them, to educate the citizens and citizen-leaders for the society is a much more important mission then the latter. They do this through their commitment to the transformative power of a liberal arts and sciences education. While focusing on the educational issues of students, university administrators should also take into consideration the training needs of their own administrative personnel, since they are among the fundamental internal customers of the university. Creating an innovative workplace for all is essential at a contemporary university, since it is accepted as one of the role model workplaces within society. This paper emphasises the crucial need and the steps of in-service training programmes for administrative personnel, which contributes to the educational and managerial quality of higher education institutes. As a sample case, an in-service training programme is shared for the training needs of the administrative personnel of a Turkish State University, located in Istanbul, after conducting a detailed needs analysis. Following the response of the sample university to the research findings, the paper concludes with reflections on alternative institutional structures, based on Quality Circles / İmece Circles.
Characterization and comparison of PM2.5 oxidative potential assessed by two acellular assays
Authors: Gao Dong , Godri Pollitt Krystal J. , Mulholland James A. , Russell Armistead G. , Weber Rodney J. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract. The capability of ambient particles to generate in vivo reactive
oxygen species (ROS), called oxidative potential (OP), is a potential metric
for evaluating the health effects of particulate matter (PM) and is
supported by several recent epidemiological investigations. Studies using
various types of OP assays differ in their sensitivities to varying PM
chemical components. In this study, we systematically compared two
health-relevant acellular OP assays that track the depletion of antioxidants
or reductant surrogates: (i) the synthetic respiratory-tract lining fluid (RTLF)
assay that tracks the depletion of ascorbic acid (AA) and glutathione (GSH)
and (ii) the dithiothreitol (DTT) assay that tracks the depletion of DTT.
Yearlong daily samples were collected at an urban site in Atlanta, GA
(Jefferson Street), during 2017, and both DTT and RTLF assays were performed
to measure the OP of water-soluble PM2.5 components. PM2.5 mass
and major chemical components, including metals, ions, and organic and
elemental carbon were also analyzed. Correlation analysis found that OP as
measured by the DTT and AA depletion (OPDTT and OPAA,
respectively) were correlated with both organics and some water-soluble
metal species, whereas that from the GSH depletion (OPGSH) was
exclusively sensitive to water-soluble Cu. These OP assays were moderately
correlated with each other due to the common contribution from metal ions.
OPDTT and OPAA were moderately correlated with PM2.5 mass
with Pearson's r=0.55 and 0.56, respectively, whereas OPGSH
exhibited a lower correlation (r=0.24). There was little seasonal
variation in the OP levels for all assays due to the weak seasonality of
OP-associated species. Multivariate linear regression models were developed
to predict OP measures from the particle composition data. Variability in
OPDTT and OPAA were not only attributed to the concentrations of
metal ions (mainly Fe and Cu) and organic compounds but also to antagonistic
metal–organic and metal–metal interactions. OPGSH was sensitive to
the change in water-soluble Cu and brown carbon (BrC), a proxy for ambient
humic-like substances.
Perspectives croisées sur l’écriture francophone au féminin
Authors: Aladdine Nour , Botsford Sarah , Ghazarian Stéphanie , Johnstone Jennifer , Paré Mélanie , Patton Kylie 
Published: May 2020

Les signataires faisaient partie du même cours et dans l’esprit de la dynamique relationnelle qui animait ce cours, elles ont accepté que des portions de leurs réflexions sur Naomi Fontaine, Amélie Nothomb, Anne Hébert, Maryse Condé, Assia Djebar apparaissent ici conjuguées. Elles ont discuté La Belle Créole, Ombre sultane, Kuessipan, Les Fous de Bassan, Ni d’Eve, ni d’Adam, parfois avec l’aide de ce que nous avions lu de Beauvoir, Cixous, Irigaray. Elles analysent comment les personnages agissent et communiquent sous contrainte, dans l’isolement, sous l’effet d’élans brouillés, abîmés, « balançoire », nous laissant sur une impression de solitude embrassée par les routes, le paysage, le soleil, les « pierres d’eau ».
Deadly Sins: “The Black Cat” as a Macabre Retelling of Genesis 1–4
Authors: Dern John A. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Edgar Allan Poe's personal religious feeling may have been uncertain, but the influence of the Bible on his works is not in question. Poems such as “The Raven” and “Annabel Lee,” for instance, allude to ideal states not unlike that described in the creation story of Genesis, particularly the scriptural verses depicting the Garden of Eden. As in the biblical creation story—which provides the literary model of “paradise”—so in these poems: death has a lasting and adverse effect on happiness. In Genesis and “Annabel Lee,” moreover, malign influence undoes archetypal innocence. In much of his prose, too, Poe includes (sometimes telling) rhetorical references to the creation story, from the forbidden wisdom of “Ligeia” to the picturesque vale of “Landor's Cottage.” Allegorically, though, Poe's short story “The Black Cat” treats the creation story of Genesis 1–4 remarkably fully, moving beyond allusion as it essentially retells those chapters of Genesis in macabre form, describing an ideal state, original sin, and murder—the very outline of the biblical narrative itself.
The Dangerous Classes: Victorian Moral Rhetoric in Poe's “The Man of the Crowd”
Authors: Zipser Robert 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Edgar Allan Poe's enigmatic story “The Man of the Crowd,” featuring its voyeuristic narrator who pursues a mysterious old man through the streets of London, has proven to be one of his most critically challenging tales. Like the old man, the story resists easy classification. This ambiguity has resulted in much criticism from different schools. However, one significant element of the story that has not been greatly examined is the shift in the tone of the rhetoric used by the narrator between his descriptions of the genteel classes and the poorer classes of the crowd. Critics have not addressed the sociohistorical origins of the narrator's darker rhetoric or its contextual purpose. I argue in this essay, first, that Poe's choice of London is intentional and that the narrator's moralist rhetoric is based on the stereotypes then used by moral reformers, physicians, and periodical editors in England and Scotland to demonize the poor of the slums as the dangerous classes; second, that Poe uses these stereotypes ironically to reveal to the reader the restricted limits of the narrator's perception and understanding, unknown to the narrator, which make it impossible for him to comprehend the individual psyche of the old man; and third, that Poe in this story creates a new hybrid protagonist situated on the scale of ratiocination halfway between the irrational narrators of the tales of conscience and the supremely rational C. Auguste Dupin.
Evenings at Home: A Neglected Book from Poe's Childhood
Authors: Kopley Richard 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
AbstractThe Ellis and Allan Papers at the Library of Congress reveal that John Allan bought the children's book Evenings at Home, by John Aikin and Anna Laetitia Barbauld, on February 18, 1815. The book was presumably for Allan's six-year-old foster son Edgar. Though mentioned in Mary E. Phillips's Edgar Allan Poe: The Man, this book has not been fully explored in the scholarship. Among the pieces in Evenings at Home with Poe resonances are “The Transmigrations of Indur” (relating to Poe's review of Robert Montgomery Bird's Sheppard Lee) and “On Emblems” (relating to “The Raven” and “The Philosophy of Composition”). Evenings at Home provides an early context for several of Poe's works and warrants further consideration.
Bottom Terror in Poe's “William Wilson”
Authors: Reich Nicholas Tyler 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
With Leland S. Person's “Queer Poe” (2008) as critical starting place, this essay investigates how Poe uses the queer potential of William Wilson's fraught maturation from child to youth and his symptomatic conjuring of a ghostly double to produce queer terror. The story's frightening final scene, which this essay reads as a pivotal rendering of “bottom” terror, can act as what Carolyn Dinshaw calls a “queer touch across time” or Michel Foucault calls a “vibration,” one that can rhythmically, affectually bind Poe's work to readers in the present, particularly queer readers. This essay will resituate the story within a framework that gives equal attention to gender, sexuality, and terror.
Vein Thrombosis Risk in Women and Travel
Authors: Tsikouras Panagiotis , Anthoulaki Xanthoula , Deftereou Theodora , Chalkidou Anna , Bothou Anastasia , Gaitatzi Fotini , Chatzimichael Eleftherios , Gyroglou Selma , Chalil Bourazan Arsou , Stanulov George , Michalopoulos Spyridon , Tsirkas John , Babageogaka Irene , Rath Werner , Von Tempelhoff Georg-Friedrich , Zervoudis Stefanos , Iatrakis Georgios , Galazios Georgios , Nikolettos Nikolaos 
Published: May 2020

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) of the lower limbs is a serious condition that can lead to pulmonary embolism (PE) in about 15–24% of cases. If it is not diagnosed/treated timely, nearly 15% of these PE are lethal. The relationship between travel and staying in the same position for a long time is well-known since World War II. Generally, it is more frequent in air flights. It is also associated with the economic downturn in airplanes because passengers have limited space and have greater difficulty of moving. It is estimated that approximately 1–6% of long-haul passengers arrive at their destination with a clot in their veins, but most DVT are asymptomatic.
Diversity and distribution of Ludwigia (Onagraceae) in Paraíba State, Northeastern Brazil
Authors: Rocha Amanda Macêdo , De Melo José Iranildo Miranda 
Published: May 2020

This paper provides a taxonomic assessment and distribution details of the species of the genus Ludwigia L. (Onagraceae) for the Paraíba State, Northeastern Brazil. Six species were found: L. erecta (L.) H.Hara, L. helminthorrhiza (Mart.) H.Hara, L. hyssopifolia (G.Don) Exell, L. leptocarpa (Nutt.) H.Hara, L. nervosa (Poir.) H.Hara and L. octovalvis (Jacq.) P.H.Raven. Ludwigia nervosa was recorded for the first time in the studied area. Our taxonomic treatment comprises an identification key to the species. For each species, description, illustrations, taxonomic comments, flowering and fruiting data, geographic distribution map, and the conservation status for the studied area are provided. Among the recorded species, three were classified as “Near Threatened”, two as “Vulnerable” and one as “Critically Endangered”.
Safety and Fertility Potential of Kenyan Grewia tenax (Mukawa Wa Guba) Root Extract Secondary Metabolites
Authors: Kasyoki Peter J. , Kaingu Catherine K. , Wangia Christine O. , Alkizim Faraj O. 
Published: May 2020

Aim: To screen Kenyan Grewia tenax root extract phytochemicals and correlate the attribute fertility enhancing effects and safety in female albino rats.
Study Design: An experimental study design was used.
Place and Duration of Study: The phytochemical studies were done at Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT), Department of Botany Laboratory, while acute oral toxicity studies were done at the Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Physiology, University of Nairobi (UON) animal house. The study was done during the month of March to June 2019.
Methodology: Grewia tenax was harvested with the help of a plant taxonomist. The roots were chopped into small pieces and dried under shade for three weeks. They were then ground into powder. Organic extracts were prepared by sequential extraction (petroleum ether, dichloromethane (DCM), ethyl acetate and methanol), by use of cold maceration. Aqueous extracts were obtained by hot maceration. Phytochemical screening of extracts was done by standard phytochemical procedures. A total of 12 female albino rats were used in acute oral toxicity studies as per OECD 423 guidelines.
Results: Methanol extract had the highest composition of phytochemicals, i.e. alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, sterols, terpenes and cardiac glycosides. Aqueous and DCM extracts showed presence of alkaloids, saponins and cardiac glycosides, while petroleum ether and ethyl acetate extracts showed presence of alkaloids and cardiac glycosides. Steroids and tannins were absent in all extracts. Flavonoids, alkaloids and terpenes are fertility enhancing compounds due to their antioxidant and radical scavenging properties. Flavonoids, alkaloids and glycosides improve fertility by inducing ovarian steroidogenesis and folliculogenesis. In the acute oral toxicity study, there were no adverse effects at 5000 mg/kg extract administration.
Conclusion: Kenyan Grewia tenax root extract has phytochemicals postulated to enhance fertility and is orally safe. These findings may require further verification using in vivo studies.
Viral Hepatitis B Screening among Asymptomatic Patients of Liver Pathology in a Secondary Health-care Facility in Nigeria
Authors: Adetunji Stephen Oluwasegun , Donbraye Emmanuel , Adetunji Blessing Ifeoluwa , Olaniran Olutayo Busola 
Published: May 2020

Background: HBV infection is a serious ailment which damages the liver yet not well known and hence not given adequate attention. Many are infected but are not aware because they do not manifest any sign and symptom.
Aim: The purpose of this study was therefore to evaluate the prevalence of HBsAg among asymptomatic hospital attendees.
Study Design: A cross sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: St Mary’s Catholic Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria, between November 2017 and August 2018.
Methodology: 1328 consecutive patients who attended the hospital were enrolled into this study after obtaining their consent. Their blood samples were aseptically collected and assayed for HBsAg using conventional method.
Results: A total of 1,328 participants were enrolled, out of which 421 (31.7%) were male and 907 (68.3%) were female with a gender ratio of 1:2.2 - male to female. 5.9% (25/421) of the males tested positive to HBsAg while 5.4% (49/907) of the females tested positive to HBsAg (p=0.692). Of the overall 1328 individuals screened, 5.6% tested positive to HBsAg. The age group with the highest prevalence of HBsAg were those between 51 and 60 years with 13.1% followed by 41 - 50 years (7.2%) while > 70 years had the lowest prevalence.
Conclusion: This study showed that HBsAg infection is high among asymptomatic hospital attendees in Ibadan, Nigeria. More public sensitization and awareness programmes are strongly advocated for.