bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patients’ perceptions with musculoskeletal disorders regarding their experience with healthcare providers and health services: an overview of reviews
Authors: Chi-Lun-Chiao Alan , Chehata Mohammed , Broeker Kenneth , Gates Brendan , Ledbetter Leila , Cook Chad , Ahern Malene , Rhon Daniel I. , Garcia Alessandra N. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Objectives
This overview of reviews aimed to identify (1) aspects of the patient experience when seeking care for musculoskeletal disorders from healthcare providers and the healthcare system, and (2) which mechanisms are used to measure aspects of the patient experience.

Data sources
Four databases were searched from inception to December 20th, 2019.

Review methods
Systematic or scoping reviews examining patient experience in seeking care for musculoskeletal from healthcare providers and the healthcare system were included. Independent authors screened and selected studies, extracted data, and assessed the methodological quality of the reviews. Patient experience concepts were compiled into five themes from a perspective of a) relational and b) functional aspects. A list of mechanisms used to capture the patient experience was also collected.

Results
Thirty reviews were included (18 systematic and 12 scoping reviews). Relational aspects were reported in 29 reviews and functional aspects in 25 reviews. For relational aspects, the most prevalent themes were “information needs” (education and explanation on diseases, symptoms, and self-management strategies) and “understanding patient expectations” (respect and empathy). For functional aspects, the most prevalent themes were patient’s “physical and environmental needs,” (cleanliness, safety, and accessibility of clinics), and “trusted expertise,” (healthcare providers’ competence and clinical skills to provide holistic care). Interviews were the most frequent mechanism identified to collect patient experience.

Conclusions
Measuring patient experience provides direct insights about the patient’s perspectives and may help to promote better patient-centered health services and increase the quality of care. Areas of improvement identified were interpersonal skills of healthcare providers and logistics of health delivery, which may lead to a more desirable patient-perceived experience and thus better overall healthcare outcomes.

Trial registration
Systematic review registration: PROSPERO (CRD42019136500).
Procedures and timetable for proposals to amend Chapter F of the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants
Authors: May Tom W. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractProcedures for preparing and submitting proposals to amend or enhance Chapter F of the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants are provided. Such proposals will be considered by the Fungal Nomenclature Session of the XII International Mycological Congress to he held in Amsterdam in 2022. A timetable is laid out for the submission of proposals, due by 31 December 2021, their publication in IMA Fungus, the appearance of the ‘Synopsis of proposals” and the conduct of the pre-Congress guiding vote.
Slit2 Regulates Hyaluronan & Cytokine Synthesis in Fibrocytes: Potential Relevance to Thyroid-Associated Ophthalmopathy
Authors: Fernando Roshini , Smith Terry J 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Context
CD34+ fibrocytes have been implicated in development of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO), a consequential autoimmune manifestation of Graves disease (GD). In TAO, CD34+ fibrocytes appear to masquerade as CD34+ orbital fibroblasts mixed with CD34- OF (collectively, GD-OF). Slit2, an axon guidance glycoprotein, is expressed by CD34- OF and attenuates GD-OF gene expression. Cardinal features of TAO include hyaluronan (HA) accumulation and cytokine-driven inflammation.

Objective
Compare expression of HA synthase isoenzymes (HAS1-3), UDP-glucose dehydrogenase (UGDH), synthesis of HA, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in fibrocytes and GD-OF. Determine whether Slit2 alters gene expression patterns.

Design/Setting/Participants
Patients with TAO and healthy donors were recruited from an academic practice.

Main Outcome Measures
Real-time polymerase chain reaction, HA, IL-6, and TNF-α immunoassays.

Results
HA synthesis and release from fibrocytes is substantially lower than in GD-OF. HAS1 expression dominates in fibrocytes while HAS2 in GD-OF. In contrast, HAS2 and UGDH expression dominate GD-OF and localize to CD34- OF. Recombinant human Slit2 (rhSlit2) substantially upregulates HA synthesis and HAS2 expression in fibrocytes but attenuates IL-6 and TNF-α production in these cells. In contrast, knocking down Slit2 in GD-OF reduces HA synthesis and HAS2 and UGDH expression while upregulating IL-6 and TNF-α.

Conclusion
The dramatic differences in HA, IL-6, and TNF-α production, and HAS and UGDH expression found in fibrocytes and GD-OF appear, at least in part, to be attributable to Slit2. These findings provide novel insight into the differences in gene expression exhibited by CD34+ fibrocytes and CD34+ OF and therefore reveal important aspects of disease pathogenesis.
Ideology and Composition Among an Online Crowd: Evidence from Wikipedians
Authors: Greenstein Shane , Gu Grace , Zhu Feng 
Published: September 2020

Online communities bring together participants from diverse backgrounds and often face challenges in aggregating their opinions. We infer lessons from the experience of individual contributors to Wikipedia articles about U.S. politics. We identify two factors that cause a tendency toward moderation in collective opinion: Either biased contributors contribute less, which shifts the composition of participants, or biased contributors moderate their own views. Our findings show that shifts in the composition of participants account for 80%–90% of the moderation in content. Contributors tend to contribute to articles with slants that are opposite their own views. Evidence suggests that encountering extreme contributors with an opposite slant plays an important role in triggering the composition shift and changing views. These findings suggest that collective intelligence becomes more trustworthy when mechanisms encourage confrontation between distinct viewpoints. They also suggest, cautiously, that managers who aspire to produce content “from all sides” should let the most biased contributors leave the collective conversation if they can be replaced with more moderate voices.This paper was accepted by Anandhi Bharadwaj, information systems.
Benign parotid mass and facial palsy: systematic review
Authors: Stewart KE , Bannon R , Bannister M 
Published: September 2020

Introduction Parotid masses causing facial palsy are highly indicative of malignancy. A significant number of cases describing benign parotid disease causing facial palsy have been reported. Materials and methods We performed a systematic review of the literature to establish the aetiology, clinical features, investigations and management undertaken during these presentations to assess how these factors differed from malignant presentations and to establish an evidence-based algorithm for their management. Results A total of 85 cases were identified from 78 articles. Cystadenolymphomas were the most common histopathological type (p = 0.034). Mean facial palsy recovery duration in neoplastic aetiology was longer than for infective aetiology (p = 0.033). A significant association existed between uncommon infective organisms and development of facial palsy (p = <0.0001). Conclusion Uncommon benign aetiologies are associated with facial palsy. Investigations and management should be guided by patients’ clinical presentations, avoiding excessive treatment. Complete facial palsy recovery rates are high, although not immediate.
Prophylaxis with rivaroxaban after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy could reduce the frequency of portomesenteric venous thrombosis
Authors: Rodríguez JI , Kobus V , Téllez I , Pérez G 
Published: September 2020

Introduction Portal and mesenteric venous thrombosis is a rare but potentially serious complication after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. There are no consistent studies that prove the safety and effectiveness of oral anticoagulant thromboprophylaxis with rivaroxaban after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. The objective was to evaluate the effect of rivaroxaban on the frequency of portal and mesenteric venous thrombosis and its safety profile after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. Materials and methods This retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data includes all laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomies performed by a single surgeon at Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Hospital between January 2009 and June 2019. All patients received low molecular weight heparin thromboprophylaxis during the whole hospital stay. Between July 2012 and June 2019, patients received additional post-discharge thromboprophylaxis with rivaroxaban. Patient demographics, impaired renal, post-surgical portal and mesenteric venous thrombosis, and bleeding episodes were registered. Results A total of 516 patients were identified; 95 patients were excluded. Results for 421 patients were analysed: 198 received only intrahospital thromboprophylaxis (group 1) and 223 received additional post-discharge thromboprophylaxis with rivaroxaban (group 2). There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups concerning age, sex and body mass index. In group 1, four cases of portal and mesenteric venous thrombosis were registered and no cases were reported in group 2 (p < 0.05). All cases occurred before 30 days after surgery. No bleeding episodes and no adverse reactions were detected in group 2. Conclusions Thromboprophylaxis during the whole hospital stay (two to three days), followed by rivaroxaban 10mg once daily for 10 days after discharge (completing in total 13–14 days of prophylaxis), could reduce cases of post-surgical portal and mesenteric venous thrombosis without an increase in bleeding complications.
Realizing ultra-bandwidth cross-polarization conversion by a double-layer metasurface
Authors: Li Yupeng , Zhang Haifeng , Yang Tong , Sun Tangyi , Zeng Li 
Published: September 2020

In this paper, a double-layer structure of ultra-bandwidth cross-polarization converter (PC) has been devised in line with the rationale of the metasurface. The project can bring about a superior 90° conversion effect of the incident wave when it is perpendicularly incident. This PC is an improvement and majorization of the single-layer PC with a bowknot surface structure, which can hit the mark of improving the polarization conversion ratio in the low frequencies and enlarging the bandwidth. In this article, not only is the basic principle of polarization conversion examined but also the parameters are discussed. In addition, points of view such as incidence angle and current are utilized for analysis. Ultimately, the cross-polarization conversion can be achieved in the range of 0.63–1.50 THz, whose relative bandwidth is 81.7% and bandwidth is 0.87 THz. The proposed design may be worth applying in radar, communication, and imaging technologies.
Sub-ppb detection of benzene using cantilever-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy with a long-wavelength infrared quantum cascade laser
Authors: Karhu Juho , Philip Hadrien , Baranov Alexei , Teissier Roland , Hieta Tuomas 
Published: September 2020

We report a novel, to the best of our knowledge, photoacoustic spectrometer for trace gas sensing of benzene. A quantum cascade laser emitting at the wavelength 14.8 µm is used as the light source in the spectroscopic detection. This wavelength region contains the strongest vibrational band of benzene, which is free of spectral overlap from common trace gases, making it a strong candidate for sensitive benzene detection. Cantilever-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy is used for detection. This simple and robust measurement setup can reach a benzene detection limit below 1 ppb.
Active nonlocal metasurfaces
Authors: Malek Stephanie C. , Overvig Adam C. , Shrestha Sajan , Yu Nanfang 
Published: September 2020

AbstractActively tunable and reconfigurable wavefront shaping by optical metasurfaces poses a significant technical challenge often requiring unconventional materials engineering and nanofabrication. Most wavefront-shaping metasurfaces can be considered “local” in that their operation depends on the responses of individual meta-units. In contrast, “nonlocal” metasurfaces function based on the modes supported by many adjacent meta-units, resulting in sharp spectral features but typically no spatial control of the outgoing wavefront. Recently, nonlocal metasurfaces based on quasi-bound states in the continuum have been shown to produce designer wavefronts only across the narrow bandwidth of the supported Fano resonance. Here, we leverage the enhanced light-matter interactions associated with sharp Fano resonances to explore the active modulation of optical spectra and wavefronts by refractive-index tuning and mechanical stretching. We experimentally demonstrate proof-of-principle thermo-optically tuned nonlocal metasurfaces made of silicon and numerically demonstrate nonlocal metasurfaces that thermo-optically switch between distinct wavefront shapes. This meta-optics platform for thermally reconfigurable wavefront shaping requires neither unusual materials and fabrication nor active control of individual meta-units.
Asymmetric photoelectric effect: Auger-assisted hot hole photocurrents in transition metal dichalcogenides
Authors: Sushko Andrey , De Greve Kristiaan , Phillips Madeleine , Urbaszek Bernhard , Joe Andrew Y. , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Efros Alexander L. , Hellberg C. Stephen , Park Hongkun , Kim Philip , Lukin Mikhail D. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractTransition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) semiconductor heterostructures are actively explored as a new platform for quantum optoelectronic systems. Most state of the art devices make use of insulating hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) that acts as a wide-bandgap dielectric encapsulating layer that also provides an atomically smooth and clean interface that is paramount for proper device operation. We report the observation of large, through-hBN photocurrents that are generated upon optical excitation of hBN encapsulated MoSe2 and WSe2 monolayer devices. We attribute these effects to Auger recombination in the TMDs, in combination with an asymmetric band offset between the TMD and the hBN. We present experimental investigation of these effects and compare our observations with detailed, ab-initio modeling. Our observations have important implications for the design of optoelectronic devices based on encapsulated TMD devices. In systems where precise charge-state control is desired, the out-of-plane current path presents both a challenge and an opportunity for optical doping control. Since the current directly depends on Auger recombination, it can act as a local, direct probe of both the efficiency of the Auger process as well as its dependence on the local density of states in integrated devices.
Fertigstellung des Europäischen Hauses 2025
Authors: Beermann Johannes , Menk Michael Torben , Neitzert Florian 
Published: September 2020

ZusammenfassungDas dauerhafte Bestehen der Europäischen Wirtschafts- und Währungsunion setzt Stabilität im Euroraum voraus. Wenngleich in den vergangenen Jahren Fortschritte erzielt wurden, sind weitere institutionelle Reformen der Architektur des Währungsverbundes erforderlich. Der von den fünf Präsidenten der großen EU-Institutionen 2015 veröffentlichte Bericht stellt mit der beabsichtigten Schaffung des Europäischen Hauses bis 2025 weitreichende Integrationsschritte zur Diskussion. Johannes Beermann, Michael Torben Menk und Florian Neitzert skizzieren das geplante Vorhaben im Detail und arbeiten insbesondere die Herausforderungen der Zusammenführung von Banken- und Kapitalmarktunion zu einer Finanzunion heraus.
HASTALARIN SAĞLIK KURULUŞU TERCİHLERİNDE MARKA İMAJININ ETKİSİ
Authors: ZOR Mustafa Gökhan , BİÇER Derya Fatma 
Published: September 2020

Sağlık kurumlarında kurumsal imaj ile hizmet kalitesi arasında çok yakın ilişkilerin bulunduğu ve bu iki kavramın içi içe geçtiği savunulmaktadır. Sağlık kurumunun iyi ve başarılı bir imajı olması hastalar açısından önemli bir tercih nedeni olarak görülmektedir. Bütün işletmeler pazarlama süreçlerinde geri dönüş sağlanmasını amaçlayan kanalları tercih etmektedirler. Tüketicinin zihninde bir marka olmak ve olumlu marka imajı oluşturmak; o markanın bütün özelliklerini en iyi şekilde tanımlayacak akılcı ve bir bütün olarak iyi organize edilmiş, halkla ilişkiler ve etkili iletişim yöntemleriyle mümkündür. İşletmeler, ortaya koydukları hizmet çeşitliliği, hizmet sunum kalitesi, müşteri ile iletişimin mesaj içeriği, yetkin personel, teknik ekipman ve memnun edilmiş müşteriler gibi birçok etkenle bunu başarabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada sağlık hizmeti sunan işletmelerde marka imajının algılanan hizmet kalitesi, hasta memnuniyeti ve hastaların sağlık kuruluşu tercihleri (bağlılık) üzerine etkilerini değerlendirmek amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın evrenini Sivas ili merkezde bulunan Sivas Numune Hastanesine sağlık hizmeti almak için gelen hastalar oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada tercih edilen anket yöntemi yüz yüze görüşme tekniğidir. Anket 430 hastaya uygulanmıştır. Veriler tatmin düzeylerini ölçmede kullanılan değişkenlere ilişkin tanımlayıcı istatistiksel metotlarla birlikte, Güvenilirlik Analizi, Faktör Analizi, Korelasyon Analizi, Bağımsız Örneklem t-Testi, Tamhane’s Testi, Scheffe Testi ve Tek Yönlü ANOVA ile değerlendirmeye gidilerek analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgulardan hastaların algıladıkları hizmet kalitesi ve hastaneyi yeniden tercih etme (bağlılık) niyetleri üzerinde marka imajının etkili olduğunu söylemek mümkündür
Metastatic insulinoma presenting 14 years after benign tumour resection: a rare case and management dilemma
Authors: Keen F , Iqbal F , Owen P , Christian A , Kumar N , Kalhan A 
Published: September 2020

Summary
We present a 60-year-old woman who underwent successful surgical resection (partial pancreatectomy) for a low grade non-functioning pancreatic neuroendocrine tumour (pNET), with no biochemical or radiological features of recurrence on follow-up visits for 5 years. Fourteen years after the initial surgery, she developed spontaneous severe hypoglycaemic episodes which required hospitalisation, with subsequent investigations confirming the diagnosis of a metastatic insulin-secreting pNET (insulinoma). Medical management of her severe spontaneous hypoglycaemic episodes remained challenging, despite optimum use of diazoxide and somatostatin analogue therapy. Based on a discussion at the regional neuroendocrine tumour multidisciplinary team meeting, she underwent an elective hepatic trans-arterial embolization which was unfortunately unsuccessful. She ended up requiring an emergency right hemihepatectomy and left retroperitoneal mass resection which finally stabilised her clinical condition.

Learning points:

Ours is only the seventh case report of a previously benign pNET presenting as a functional insulin secreting metastatic tumour. However, it is the first case report, in which the metastatic functional pNET presented after such a long hiatus (14 years).

There is currently no clear consensus regarding the length of follow-up of non-functional pNET which are deemed cured post-surgical resection, with most guidelines advocating a median follow up of 5 years (1). The delayed presentation in our case suggests additional considerations should be made regarding optimal post-operative surveillance duration based on the age of the patient, location of the tumour, lymph node spread and Ki-67 index.

Hepatic artery embolization and/or partial hepatectomy remains a treatment option for pNET patients with significant hepatic metastasis.
A novel CASR variant in a family with familial hypocalciuric hypercalcaemia and primary hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Sagi Satyanarayana V , Joshi Hareesh , Trotman Jamie , Elsey Terence , Swamy Ashwini , Rajkanna Jeyanthy , Bhat Nazir A , Haddadin Firas J S , Oyibo Samson O , Park Soo-Mi 
Published: September 2020

Summary
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcaemia (FHH) is a dominantly inherited, lifelong benign disorder characterised by asymptomatic hypercalcaemia, relative hypocalciuria and variable parathyroid hormone levels. It is caused by loss-of-function pathogenic variants in the calcium-sensing receptor (CASR) gene. Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is characterised by variable hypercalcaemia in the context of non-suppressed parathyroid hormone levels. Unlike patients with FHH, patients with severe hypercalcaemia due to PHPT are usually symptomatic and are at risk of end-organ damage affecting the kidneys, bone, heart, gastrointestinal system and CNS. Surgical resection of the offending parathyroid gland(s) is the treatment of choice for PHPT, while dietary adjustment and reassurance is the mainstay of management for patients with FHH. The occurrence of both FHH and primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) in the same patient has been described. We report an interesting case of FHH due to a novel CASR variant confirmed in a mother and her two daughters and the possible coexistence of FHH and PHPT in the mother, highlighting the challenges involved in diagnosis and management.

Learning points:

Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcaemia (FHH) and primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) can coexist in the same patient.

Urinary calcium creatinine clearance ratio can play a role in distinguishing between PHPT and FHH.

Genetic testing should be considered in managing patients with PHPT and FHH where the benefit may extend to the wider family.

Family segregation studies can play an important role in the reclassification of variants of uncertain significance.

Parathyroidectomy has no benefit in patients with FHH and therefore, it is important to exclude FHH prior to considering surgery.

For patients with coexisting FHH and PHPT, parathyroidectomy will reduce the risk of complications from the severe hypercalcaemia associated with PHPT.