bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
P0946OXIDATIVE STRESS AND HEME METABOLISM IN RED BLOOD CELLS FROM HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS
Authors: Ferreira Dias Gabriela , Bohnen Gabriela , Grobe Nadja , Tao Xia , Pecoits-Filho Roberto , Kotanko Peter , Moreno-Amaral Andrea N 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background and Aims
We have previously described that indoxyl sulfate promotes red blood cells (RBC) ROS generation through organic anion transporter 2 as well as NADPH oxidase activity-dependent and GSH-independent mechanisms (Dias et al., 2018). However, there is little information regarding pathways of antioxidant balance to protect RBC from extensive oxidative stress that occurs during hemodialysis (HD). Intracellular free heme is degraded by Heme Oxygenase 1 (HO-1), which is regarded as the major cytoprotective enzyme (Maines, 1988; Gozzelino et al., 2010). In the current study, we assessed HO-1 activity and ROS production in RBC from healthy subjects and hemodialysis (HD) patients before and after HD.

Method
Blood was drawn from 6 healthy individuals (CON-RBC) and 6 HD patients (HD-RBC) before (pre/HD-RBC) and after high flux HD (post/HD-RBC). Isolated RBC were stained with DCFH-DA (Abcam) for ROS measurements. To quantify HO-1, RBC were incubated with anti-HO-1 antibody (Abcam) and m-IgGκ BP-CFL 488 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology) as a secondary antibody. Samples were analyzed by flow cytometry.

Results
Our results show a 4-fold increase in ROS levels in pre/HD-RBC compared to CON-RBC. ROS levels were even further increased by 1.65-fold after HD treatment in post/HD-RBC (Figure 1). Both pre/HD-RBC and post/HD-RBC showed a similarly significant increase of 3.3-fold in HO-1 compared to CON-RBC. (Figure 1).

Conclusion
High levels of HO-1 may represent a defense against oxidative stress that occurs in ESKD and particularly during the HD session. Further research is needed to evaluate whether HO-1 overexpression could accelerate heme degradation and contribute to renal anemia.
P0953NITRIC OXIDE AND LEFT VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE
Authors: Azouaou Leila , Abderrezak Khelfi , Wafa Bellouti , Arab Medina 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background and Aims
Nitric oxide, nitric oxide, nitric oxide or NO is an endogenous molecule released by endothelial cells, macrophages, liver cells and neurons. There are three forms of nitric oxide synthase in the body. : the inducible form (iNO), the neuronal form and the endothelial form (eNO). In this work we are interested in (iNO) in patients with CKD and their impact on cardiac complications.

Method
A study of 202 patients with chronic renal failure at different stages (2.3.4.5 and 5D) was performed in our department. We investigated the correlation between mean (iNO) values in patients with CKD and its relationship with left ventricular hypertrophy.

Results
The mean age of the patients is 56.5 ± 17 years with a sex ratio of 1.43. The mean value of (iNO) is 65.82 ± 1.06 μmol / l. Its value increases significantly with the degradation of renal function (p &lt;0.05) (stage 2 (61.75 ± 2.34), stage 3 (63.91 ± 2.21). ), stage 4 (64.08 ± 2.18), stage 5 (67 ± 2.7) and stage 5D (72.47 ± 2.18μmol / l). It is found that the mean value of nitric oxide NO is slightly higher in patients with HVG + ( 67.58 ± 1.48) versus HVG-patients (63.1 ± 1.39) (p &lt;0.05).Discussion: iNOS secreted nitric oxide (NO) initiates cardiac remodeling to lead to left ventricular hypertrophy and cardiac fibrosis

Conclusion
Cardiac complications are the leading cause of death in patients with chronic renal failure. oxidative stress is a risk factor for these cardiac complications, iNOS accelerates cardiac aging.
P0955IS THERE AN ENDOCRINE CONTRIBUTION TO THE SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION SEEN IN END STAGE RENAL DISEASE PATIENTS?
Authors: Elbardisi Haitham , Majzoub Ahmad , Al-Ali Fadwa , Elesnawi Mohamed , Hamad Abdullah , Al Emadi Ibrahim , Arafa Mohamed 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background and Aims
Male sexual dysfunction is commonly prevalent in patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD) and has been partly attributed to the concurrent state of hyperprolactinemia and hypogonadism, often observed in this patient population. The aim of this study was to evaluate the hormone profile and sexual function of ESRD patient, using validated questionnaires, in attempt to explore this association.

Method
This was a prospective study which included 98 patients with ESRD who followed in the outpatient department of a tertiary medical centre over a period of 1 year. Patients receiving treatment for hyperprolactinemia or those known to have an endocrine disorder were excluded in addition to patients receiving medical or surgical treatment for erectile dysfunction (ED) or premature ejaculation (PE). After filling the international index for erectile function-5 and the Arabic index for PE questionnaire, morning serum samples were taken from patients to measure testosterone and prolactin levels. Descriptive statistics was used to report frequency or means of variables. Chi-square test was used to examine associations between categorical variables. P&lt;0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results
Out of the 98 ESRD patients, 72 (73.6%) were treated with hemodialysis, 13 (13.2%) with peritoneal dialysis and 13 (13.2%) with medical treatment only. Diabetes mellitus was observed in all patients (type 1, 52%; and type 2, 48%), while hypertension, coronary heart disease and dyslipidemia were detected in 97.1%, 34.3% and 25.5%, respectively. The mean age, serum testosterone and prolactin levels were 52.4 ± 12.1 years, 12.95 ± 6.5 nmol/L and 514.2 ± 592.8mIU/L. Results of the PE index questionnaire revealed that 86 (87.7) patients had PE, 9 (9.1%) probable PE and 3 (3.1%) no PE. With IIEF-5, ED was detected in 96 patients; it was severe in 23 (23.5%), moderate- severe ED in 29 (29.4%), mild-moderate ED in 30 (30.4%) and mild in 14 (14.7%). 55 patients had high prolactin while 33 had low testosterone levels. Table 1 presents the IIEF-5 and PE questionnaire results in patients with low/normal testosterone and normal/high prolactin. No significant differences were observed in IIEF or PE levels between patients with low/normal testosterone and normal/high prolactin.

Conclusion
ESRD is commonly associated with sexual dysfunction that is more likely to be attributed to organic causes rather than solely to endocrine disturbances.
P0959EFFECT ON THE DIALYSIS DOSE OF THE EXERCISE WITH VIRTUAL REALITY DURING THE FIRST VERSUS SECOND PART OF THE DIALYSIS SESSION
Authors: Garcia-Testal Alicia , Garcia-Maset Rafael , Gil-Gómez José Antonio , Martínez-Olmos Francisco José , Valtueña-Gimeno Noemi , Ortega-Perez de Villar Lucia , Ferrer-Salva Ana , Piñón-Ruiz Jocelyne , Lehtoviita Maari Elvi Amanda , KARANDYSZ KATARZYNA , Lavirgen Heras Hector , Pans Alcaina Delia , López Tercero Víctor , Rico-Salvador Inmaculada , Royo-Maicas Pilar , Segura-Ortí Eva 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background and Aims
Exercise using non-immersive virtual reality (VR) is a novel rehabilitation method for patients undergoing hemodialysis treatment. This method has shown in a pilot study improved physical function and health-related quality of life.
There is controversy about the effect of intradialysis exercise on the dialysis dose. Furthermore, theoretical models also indicate that intradialytic exercise at the end of session may be beneficial in postdialysis rebound.
Objective: to determine effect of exercise with virtual reality during the first two hours and the last two hours of dialysis session on postdialysis rebound and dialysis dose.

Method
The design was a randomized clinical trial. Patients were randomized to exercise in the first (Start group) or last two hours (End group) of dialysis session. Dialysis dose was measured through the monocompartimental Kt/V, and the potassium, urea, phosphorus and creatinine rebound was calculated after both baseline and exercise sessions at 17 weeks. Intradialysis exercise consisted of a video game adapted to dialysis: Treasure hunting. It is a non-immersive VR game in which the patient must catch some objectives avoiding obstacles by moving the lower limbs. The exercise session lasted from 20 to 40 minutes. Intensity was checked through the rate of perceived exertion. An mixed ANOVA of repeated measures was used to assess the effect of the intervention. Patients exercised for 17 weeks.

Results
43 patients participated, 11 dropouts, 17 in Start group and 15 in End group. Mean age 73 years, males 28. There were no significant differences in rebound urea, creatinine, potassium and phosphorus 30 minutes after finishing dialysis. The mean baseline Kt/V was 1.65 (SD 0.21) and with exercise 1.75 (SD 0.25). The mixed ANOVA analysis showed a significant time effect with an increase in Kt/V (mean 0.10, 95% CI 0.02-0.19, p 0.018) from exercise session vs baseline. No group per time significant interaction was found, so that there was no difference in the dialysis dose between Start and End group.

Conclusion
Intra-dialysis exercise with virtual reality can improve the dose of dialysis, no matter the timing of the exercise is performed.
P0982PTEN-INDUCED KINASE 1 (PINK1) DEPLETION ALTERS MITOCHONDRIAL EFFICIENCY AND GLYCOLYSIS IN HUMAN PODOCYTES
Authors: Audzeyenka Irena , Rogacka Dorota , Piwkowska Agnieszka 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background and Aims
Podocytes are terminally differentiated cells, which constitute an inner layer of the renal filtration barrier. Podocytes are characterized by high metabolic activity, and their elevated energy requirements are met by maintaining the appropriate mitochondrial number and quality, which depend on mitochondrial biogenesis and mitophagy. Alteration of mitochondrial dynamics is linked to the development of insulin resistance and diabetes. The main goal of the research was to determine the role of mitophagy in podocytes bioenergetics and to elucidate the effects of hyperglycemia on mitochondrial dynamics.

Method
In order to inhibit mitophagy, we generated a human podocyte cell line stably expressing PINK1 shRNA through lentiviral transduction. Biochemical analyses were performed to assess the oxidative phosphorylation efficiency (by measurement of oxygen consumption rate; OCR) and glycolysis contribution to the total cell energy production (by measurement of extracellular acidification rate; ECAR) in the differentiated shPINK1 podocytes. The expression levels of mRNAs and proteins were evaluated in podocytes cultured in standard glucose (11 mM) and high glucose (30 mM) concentrations using real-time PCR and western blot. Intracellular mitochondrial network was visualized by MitoTrackertTM staining. The co-localization of proteins in podocytes was analysed by double immunofluorescence labelling and confocal microscopy.

Results
PINK1-deficiency resulted in the significant decrease of maximal respiration and spare respiratory capacity in podocytes (by 40% and 70%, respectively). Non-mitochondrial respiration was also decreased by 45% in shPINK1 cells. Interestingly, basal respiration and ATP production appeared similar in shPINK1 and control podocytes. PINK1 depletion increased glycolytic flux by 70%, in addition, the accompanying decline in glycolytic capacity and glycolytic reserve was observed (by 38% and 63%, respectively). Moreover, we observed accumulation of small and ring-shaped mitochondria in PINK1-deficient podocytes compared with the control cells.
We showed a decreased expression of PINK1 and Parkin (mRNA and protein) in normal human podocytes cultured in hyperglycemic medium, which was associated with an elevated levels of mitochondrial fission markers (DRP1, FIS1) and with a decreased levels of PGC1α and TFAM, which play a role in mitochondrial biogenesis and mtDNA replication.

Conclusion
In this research, we demonstrated a novel role of mitophagy in podocyte bioenergetics. Moreover, we showed that high glucose inhibits mitophagy and promotes mitochondrial fission leading to the accumulation of damaged mitochondria and podocyte injury, which underlies the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy.
P0990RENINAAV DOSE-DEPENDENTLY EXACERBATE ALBUMINURIA AND GLOMERULOSCLEROSIS, AND REDUCE GFR IN FEMALE UNINEPHRECTOMIZED DB/DB MICE
Authors: Østergaard Mette Viberg , Ida Rune , Pedersen Annemarie Aarup , Secher Thomas , Sembach Frederikke Emilie , Thrane Sebastian Tølbøl , Roostalu Urmas , Fosgerau Keld , Fink Lisbeth N , Vrang Niels 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background and Aims
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a long-term complication that occurs in ∼40% of diabetes patients and is a leading cause of end-stage renal disease. Despite recent emergence of SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists for nephroprotection in diabetes patients, drug discovery has been halted by the lack of reliable rodent models exhibiting features of human DN. In a newly established mouse model of progressive DN, we investigate the effects of hypertension on kidney injury.

Method
Female db/db mice were uninephrectomized (UNx) at 8 weeks of age and injected i.v. with a Renin adeno-associated virus (AAV) construct at different doses to induce hypertension, while a LacZAAV construct was used as negative control. db/+ mice served as healthy controls. Hypertension was measured by tail cuff and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) transcutaneous recoding of FITC-sinistrin after i.v. bolus injection at 22 weeks of age. Urine ACR measured in spot urine samples collected before termination 24 weeks of age. Terminal kidney samples were collected for 3D image analyses, histopathological evaluation, and next generation sequencing for gene expression analyses.

Results
GFR measurements indicated hyperfiltration in all AAV-injected UNx db/db mice compared to db/+ mice, while ReninAAV tended to dose-dependently decrease GFR compared to LacZAAV in UNx db/db mice. Urine ACR was worsened by ReninAAV-induced hypertension compared to LacZAAV controls. Automized AI-based glomerulosclerosis scoring showed ReninAAV dose-dependent increases in glomerulosclerosis compared to LacZAAV controls. 3D kidney imaging demonstrated increased glomerular volume in LacZAAV UNx db/db mice compared to db/+ mice with no further effect in ReninAAV groups. RNA sequencing revealed upregulated gene expression markers of fibrogenesis (incl. Col1a1, Col3, Col4, Fn1, Lamc2 and Vim) and tubular injury markers (Ngal and Kim-1), as well as downregulation of proximal tubular markers (Megalin and Aqp1) in ReninAAV UNx db/db mice compare to LacZAAV controls.

Conclusion
ReninAAV-induced hypertension in female UNx db/db mice accelerates kidney injury in uninephrectomized db/db mice and aggravates GFR, albuminuria and glomerulosclerosis in parallel with increased expression of genes associated with tubular injury renal fibrosis. Together, these data confirm that ReninAAV UNx db/db mice is a reliable model of DN with features of late stage human disease.
P0997BLUEBERRY JUICE IMPROVED THE METABOLIC PROFILE IN A PREDIABETIC RAT MODEL INDUCED BY A HYPERCALORIC DIET WITHOUT RENOPROTECTION
Authors: Alves André , Preguiça Inês , Barbosa Adelaide , Vieira Pedro , Martins Diana , Nunes Sara , D. Viana Sofia , Reis Flávio 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background and Aims
Blueberries (BB), due to their enriched content in polyphenolics and in other compounds with potential cytoprotective properties, have been associated with beneficial effects in distinct cardiometabolic conditions. The goal of this study was to evaluate the metabolic and renal effects of long-term blueberry juice (BJ) treatment in a rat model of prediabetes induced by a hypercaloric diet.

Method
Prediabetes was developed in adult male Wistar rats through the ingestion of high-sucrose (35% HSu) and high-fat (60% HF) diets during 23 wks (HSuHF animals, n=16). After 9 weeks, half of the former rats received BJ orally (25g/kg BW, HSuHF+BJ group). Control animals (n=8) received standard diet during the entire protocol. Glycemic, lipidic and insulinemic profiles were evaluated throughout the protocol, as well as gut microbiota composition, gut barrier permeability, endotoxemia (LPS) and inflammation (hs-CRP). Renal function was assessed by using serum and urinary measures of creatinine, uric acid and blood urea nitrogen and calculating the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Histological characterization of the kidney was performed by H&E and lipid deposition by Oil Red O staining and quantification of triglycerides. Serum and renal tissue inflammatory markers were evaluated by Elisa (hs-CRP) and by RT-qPCR and/or WB (IL-6, TNF-α, iNOS, MMP2, TLR-4 and RAGE). The study was approved by the local animal welfare body (Ref: 9-2018). Values are presented as means ± S.E.M. and possible differences evaluated by ANOVA/post-hoc tests.

Results
While no major changes between groups were found for gut microbiota, gut barrier and endotoxemia/inflammation, BJ treatment was able to ameliorate hypercaloric diet-induced glucose intolerance, insulin insensitivity and plasma hypertriglyceridemia. In addition, in the HSuHF+BJ rats there was a trend to alleviate the reduction of GFR found in the HSuHF animals, as well as some early glomerular lesions, including mesangial expansion and basal membrane thickening. However, this nutraceutical intervention was unable to halt or slow down glomerular crescent-like lesions, renal lipidosis and the overexpression of renal IL-6 found in the HSuHF-treated animals.

Conclusion
Despite the metabolic improvement viewed by the amelioration of glucose intolerance, insulin insensitivity and hypertriglyceridemia, in this rat model of prediabetes a nutraceutical intervention with BJ presented very modest renoprotective effects.
Acknowledgements: FEDER, COMPETE and FCT (CENTRO-01-0145-FEDER-000012-HealthyAging2020, UID/NEU/04539/2013, UID/NEU/04539/2019, POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007440, POCI-01-0145-FEDER-031712, PTDC/SAU-NUT/31712/2017 and SFRH/BD/109017/2015), as well as COAPE and MIRTILUSA.
P1007CHANGES IN METABOLIC SYNDROME COMPONENTS AND RISK OF END STAGE RENAL DISEASE: A NATIONWIDE COHORT STUDY
Authors: Koh Eun Sil , Chae Yura , Chung Sungjin , Kwon Hyuk Sang 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background and Aims
Few studies have investigated the impact of a change in metabolic syndrome (MetS) components on clinical renal outcomes in the general population.

Method
Using nationally representative data from the Korean National Health Insurance System, 13,310,924 subjects who underwent two health examinations over 2 years and were free from end-stage renal disease (ESRD) from 2009 to 2012 were followed to the end of 2016. The subjects were divided into four groups according to the change in MetS components between the two visits over 2 years: no MetS (–/–), post-MetS (–/+), pre-MetS (+/–), and both MetS (+/+).

Results
After a median follow up of 5.11 years, 18,582 incident ESRD cases were identified. In the multivariate adjusted model, the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for the development of ESRD in the both-MetS (+/+) group compared with the no-MetS (–/–) group was 5.65 (95% CI, 5.42–5.89), which was independent of age, sex, and baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate. Additionally, the HR for the pre-MetS (+/-) group versus the no-MetS (–/–) group was 2.28 (2.15–2.42). In subgroup analysis according to renal function, the impact of a change in MetS on the incidence of ESRD was more pronounced in individuals with advanced renal dysfunction. Subjects with resolved MetS components had a decreased risk of ESRD, but not as low as those that never had MetS components.

Conclusion
This provides evidence supporting the strategy of modulating MetS in the general population to prevent the development of ESRD.
P1015IMPACT OF DIABETIC DISEASE ON IPTH LEVELS IN DIALYSIS PATIENTS
Authors: Guinsburg Adrian , Berbessi Juan Carlos , Caseiro Mauro , Stuard Stefano 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background and Aims
Mineral bone disease in dialysis patients is an important predictor of morbimortality.iPTH levels had been previously associated with different parameters, but not clearly to diabetic disease (DBT). We aim to analyze relationship between DBT and iPTH levels in a large cohort of dialysis patients from Fresenius Medical Care LatinAmerica (FMC LA).

Method
Prevalent dialysis patients (more than 90 days on renal replacement therapy) by November 2019 in FMC LA dialysis units (Argentina, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Perú) were included into the dataset. We obtained demographic, treatment and laboratory data by November 2019. Patients were identified as DBT when DBT was informed as etiology of renal disease or any DBT related ICD10 code was recorded as comorbid condition into the database. Use of insulin, calcitriol, paricalcitol and cinacalcet was also obtained.To evaluate association between DBT and iPTH level, Student t test for independent samples was used. Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests were also performed as confirmatory non-parametric tests for iPTH. Categorical variables were compared using Chi Square test. Linear regression was used to predict iPTH and analyze association with DBT. All procedures were performed on IBM SPSS Statistics© 21.

Results
A total of 31,709 prevalent patients were included. DBT prevalence was 29.7%. Main differences found between DBT and non-DBT patients are shown in table 1:
Linear regression model to predict iPTH showed variables associated with increase in iPTH: Ca, P, K, use of calcitriol, use of cinacalcet; while others were associated with decrease in iPTH: age, dialyzate Ca, Hb, glucose, albumin, use of calcium carbonate as supplementation and DBT (table 2):

Conclusion
In our population diabetic patients were older, showed higher male prevalence and higher rate of catheter use. Kt/V, Ca and P serum levels were slightly lower than non-diabetic, but not clinically significant.Remarkable differences in laboratory were higher glucose and lower K and alb in DBT. While these differences were expected and already known and well described, lower iPTH in DBT is not.Diabetic disease affects iPTH level independently from other factors increasing the risk for hypoparathyroidism. Those findings should be analyzed to determine if DBT should be considered as a different group when targeting in mineral bone disease or P-binder prescription.