bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE LONGEVITY CONSORTIUM: MULTI-OMICS INTEGRATIVE APPROACH TO DISCOVERING HEALTHY AGING AND LONGEVITY DETERMINANTS
Authors: Perls Thomas T , Evans Daniel S , Hadley Evan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The Longevity Consortium (LC), a NIA-Cooperative project, is an integrated multi-disciplinary effort with cutting edge bioinformatic, systems biology and chemoinformatics approaches exploiting multiple omics data generated from multiple well-phenotyped aging cohorts, Study of Osteoporotic Fractures, MrOS (fractures in men), Cardiovascular Health Study, the Long Life Family Study and the Centenarian Project to discover pharmacologically targetable protective pathways that promote healthy aging. Omics studies of mice treated with candidate drugs and of multiple species with varying life spans further informs the LC efforts. We describe the integration of the above efforts and the LC goals as well as opportunities for interested investigators to access shared results as well as opportunity funds for pilot projects. Early successes are described in 4 presentations: (1) A genome-wide association study including 1317 centenarians discovered 8 new loci in chromosomes 3, 6, 7, 9, 10, 14 and 15. The list includes new serum pQTLs that suggest a new biological mechanism involved in extreme longevity. (2) Novel, high-throughput discovery-proteomics of serum from 2,473 MrOs participants identified 25 proteins, mostly found in inflammatory pathways, associated with living beyond the 90th percentile birth-cohort survival. (3) A biological age estimation algorithm utilizing multi-omics assays significantly differentiated between 3,558 wellness program participants and controls. (4) Mediation analyses were used to test causal relationships between many candidate aging-modulating drugs and compounds, expression levels of gene and protein variants (eQTLs and pQTLs) and aging and longevity phenotypes. This high throughput method shows promise as a means of discovering candidate drugs for healthy aging.
THE PROTEOMICS OF LONGEVITY
Authors: Orwoll Eric , Wiedrick Jack , Cummings Steven R , Evans Dan , Zheng Wanlin , Funk Cory , Price Nathan , Lapidus Jodi 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The biological underpinnings of longevity are poorly elucidated in humans. We used a novel, high-throughput discovery-proteomics approach to identify serum proteins associated with longevity (living beyond 90th percentile of survival) in community-dwelling men age ≥65 years in the MrOs Study. Baseline serum from 2473 men was analyzed using liquid chromatography-ion mobility-mass spectrometry. &gt;21,000 peptides and 2931 proteins were recognized. Twenty-five proteins significantly associated with attainment of longevity over 15 yrs of observation were identified using rigorous statistical methods. 25 proteins were significantly associated; all were lower in long lived men than in men dying earlier. Most longevity-associated proteins were from inflammatory pathways; some have multifunctional biological roles potentially reflecting other mechanisms. Pathway analyses suggest important upstream regulators may be causally responsible for the associations. These results provide the opportunity to evaluate these proteins as biomarkers, and highlight the potential importance of their biological pathways in the origins of long life.
THE NUTS AND BOLTS OF NIH PEER REVIEW: THE CENTER FOR SCIENTIFIC REVIEW
Authors: Femia Elia , Plude Dana , Rebok George W 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The National Institutes of Health is the largest public funder of biomedical and bio-behavioral research in the United States. The mission is to enhance health, lengthen life, and reduce illness and disability. To achieve this mission, the NIH provides support for cutting-edge research and technology development in a variety of fields, ranging from translation of innovative ideas in technology to basic science on major health challenges and disease. There are many types of research and training opportunities and technology development programs that are supported by the NIH across the 24 institutes and centers that provide funding. The majority of grant applications are reviewed by the NIH Center for Scientific Review (CSR). In this symposium, attendees will get 1) an overview of the types of applications submitted to the NIH for support; 2) the basics of the NIH peer review process and criteria and scoring system for evaluating applications, and 3) tips for writing a more successful grant application. Peer review is the cornerstone of the NIH grants process, and an insider’s view can lead to a better understanding of how the most meritorious projects are identified that lead to innovative re-search in the biomedical and bio-behavioral sciences.
THE ROLE OF SOCIAL MEDIA NETWORKS FOR AGING ADULTS: PANACEA, PLAGUE, OR BEEN THERE, DONE THAT?
Authors: Charness Neil H 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Billions of people around the world rely on (or are addicted to) technology-based social networks such as Facebook. At first glance, particularly for aging adults with mobility challenges, internet-based networking seems like a panacea. At second glance, navigating through the thicket of ‘bots’, fraudsters and “fake friends” may turn out to be a plague. At third glance, technology-based interaction platforms are not that new (telegraph, telephone) and not that unusual. I examine the population-level trends in social network use by aging adults and discuss a recent CREATE intervention study, PRISM, that used a computer-based platform to try to reduce social isolation and loneliness in older adults at risk for social isolation.
SOCIAL CHANGE, SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS, AND COHORTS: CONTEXTUALIZING MEN'S HEALTH IN LATER LIFE
Authors: Kelley Jessica 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Research links men’s health to their participation in, and access to, social institutions such as marriage, education, and work. However, these institutions have undergone significant social change in the past century, altering their scope and influence on men’s health. We tie together several important concepts from sociology and gerontology to provide an explanatory framework for older men’s differential health profiles within and between cohorts, and over time. First, we address the gendered life course which are the structural and social arrangements that create distinctive experiences over the life course for men and women. Second, we employ the concept of cohort analysis to capture social changes in the institutionalized life course. Finally, we utilize the cumulative dis/advantage framework to help understand within-cohort differentiation in health status as men age. Taken together, we can better understand health, longevity, and disability profiles for older men and how these have shifted over time.
STRESS, FAITH, AND HEALTH AMONG BLACK MEN IN MIDDLE AND LATE LIFE
Authors: Bruce Marino A , Thorpe Roland J 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
African American men experience extremely high levels of social and psychological stress from unfavorable social and economic circumstances emerging from institutional discrimination and unfair treatment. Stress has been linked to disproportionate risks for illness, disease and premature mortality among this population. But, few studies have examined how African American men manage or cope with stress, and even fewer have assessed how their coping responses have implications for their health. Faith has been considered a stress coping strategy and a growing number of studies explore how religiosity and spirituality have implications for health outcomes. No studies to our knowledge have examined how faith impacts stress and its influence on the health among African American men. The purpose of this chapter is to demonstrate how faith has implications for socio-biologic interactions associated with elevated risk for disease and premature death among this marginalized population.
GOALS OF THE ENDGAME
Authors: Silver Michelle 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
At all stages of life, the body can be considered an occupational resource that interacts with social structures in identity formation and complicates personal adaptation to life transitions. As the body declines, the economic and social standing it confers also tends to decline, leading to socially embedded fears about physical decline and marginalization. This paper applies theoretical work from embodiment theory and the life course perspective to examine how perceptions of aging and life experience with sport (or lack thereof) influence exercise participation and athletic identity. Using a narrative approach, I examine in-depth interviews I conducted with elite athletes, masters’ athletes, coaches, athletic program directors, mature adults. Some participants struggled to exercise regularly, and others are exercising more in their later years than at any other point in their lives. Three key themes emerged: 1) bodily identity is tremendously important in relation to other forms of identity when it is affected by aging, ill-health, or other physical processes; 2) physical functional mobility becomes increasingly important with age; and 3) experiences with sports and athletic identity (or lack thereof) influence engagement in exercise in later life in surprising ways. The paper challenges society’s focus on youth in sports and elite athletes, to discuss how our greater longevity means that we must place more emphasis on identifying ways to keep physically active and mobile throughout adulthood.
THE HEALTH-RELATED TASKS PAID CAREGIVERS IN NEW YORK STATE PERFORM IN THE HOME
Authors: Reckrey Jennifer M , Tsui Emma , Morrison R S , Geduldig Emma , Stone Robyn , Ornstein Katherine , Federman Alex 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Paid caregivers (e.g. home health aides, personal care attendants) are formally tasked with helping older adults with functional impairment meet their basic needs at home. This study used semi-structured interviews (n=30) with dyads of patients or their proxies and their paid caregivers in New York City to 1) understand the range of health-related tasks paid caregivers perform in the home and 2) determine if these tasks are taught in the New York State government’s Department of Health curricula. We found that patients, proxies, and paid caregivers all described that paid caregivers performed a wide range of health-related tasks that were often not a part of their formal training. Creating clear competencies for paid caregivers that reflect the full breadth of health-related tasks they may perform at home will help maximize the potentially positive impact of the paid caregiver workforce on the lives of patients living at home with functional impairment.
DEMENTIA CAREGIVING NEGATIVELY AFFECTS THE HEALTH OF CAREGIVER AND CARE RECIPIENT. CAREGIVING TRANSITIONS STUDY
Authors: Sheehan Orla C , Haley William E , Howard Virginia , Huang Jin , Rhodes J David , Roth David L 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Dementia is one of the most common reasons for needing a caregiver (CG). Few studies have compared dementia and non-dementia caregivers who have transitioned into family caregiving roles. Participants in the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study who transitioned into a significant caregiving role were recruited to participate in the Caregiving Transitions Study (CTS). Of 11,483 REGARDS participants who were not caregivers at baseline, 1229 (11%) transitioned into a family caregiving role. Eligibility criteria were met by 251 and they were enrolled along with 251 demographically-matched noncaregiving controls. Enrolled caregivers are 65% female; 36% African American; 71.8 + 8.1 years of age; caring for a spouse/partner (51%), parent (25%), or another person (24%). 47% are caring for a person with dementia. Dementia CGs provide more hours of care per day (9.3 hours versus 6.7 hours), report being under more stress and twice as much strain as non-dementia CGs (p&lt;0.03 for all). They feel more burdened by the care recipient’s treatment (p=0.01) and report that the burden leads to delays in the care recipient receiving medical care (p&lt;0.007). Dementia CGs are more than twice as likely as non-caregivers to report that their caregiving makes them worse at taking care of their own health (33.9% versus 15.4%, p=0.003). This prospective, population-based study confirms previous cross-sectional findings from convenience samples on the greater care burden experienced by dementia caregivers and extends this work to new measures of treatment burden and treatment delay.
CONVERGENT AGING LOCI: PATHWAYS THAT TRANSCEND INDIVIDUAL DISEASES
Authors: Pilling Luke C , Ferrucci Luigi , Melzer David 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Thousands of loci across the genome have been identified for specific diseases in genome-wide association studies (GWAS), yet very few are associated with lifespan itself. We hypothesized that specific biological pathways transcend individual diseases and affect health and lifespan more broadly. Using the published results for the most recent GWAS for 10 key age-related diseases (including coronary artery disease, type-2 diabetes, and several cancers) we identified 22 loci with a strong genetic association with at least three of the diseases. These multi-trait aging loci include known genes affecting multiple diverse health end points, such as CDKN2A/B (9p21.3) and APOE. There are also novel multi-trait genes including SH2B3 and CASC8, likely involved in hallmark pathways of aging biology, including telomere shortening and inflammation. Several of these loci involve trade-offs between chronic disease risk and cancer.
CAUSES OF FRAILTY: GENETIC ANALYSIS IN 164,000 UK BIOBANK PARTICIPANTS
Authors: Atkins Janice , Pilling Luke C , Williams Dylan , Jylhävä Juulia , Melzer David 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Frailty is an important and common geriatric syndrome, yet the mechanisms are multifactorial and not well understood. The Frailty Index (FI) is based on the Rockwood Index for accumulation of deficits, and we aimed to use genetics to gain mechanistic insights for interventions to prevent and delay frailty in older people. We performed a genomewide association study in 60 to 70 year old UK Biobank participants of European descent (n=164,610). We identified 26 independent genetic signals at 24 loci associated with the FI. Several of these signals have previously been associated with traits such as cardiovascular disease, intelligence, and educational attainment, but 6 of the signals appear to be novel. We will also present the results of ongoing work both to identify causal risk factors for FI using Mendelian randomization methods, and replication and functional follow-up in the TwinGene cohort, at the meeting.
HOW TO SUCCESSFULLY NAVIGATE A REVISE-AND-RESUBMIT DECISION AND HANDLE REJECTIONS
Authors: Carr Deborah 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Anyone who has ever submitted a manuscript to a peer-review journal has experienced rejection. Rejection can be demoralizing, for emerging and senior scholars alike, but is especially so for those on the job market and tenure-track. This presentation will explain the manuscript review process and suggest strategies for addressing decisions that include: (1) rejection without peer review (desk reject); (2) revise and resubmit invitations; and (3) rejection after peer review. Fixable problems (e.g., editorial, conceptual, minor methodological issues) will be distinguished from non-fixable problems (e.g., small sample size, flawed design). Advice will focus on how to successfully revise and resubmit a manuscript; how to write an effective revision memo; how to develop a “plan B” for a rejected article; and how to manage the emotional sting of rejection.
ASSESSING NUTRITIONAL RISK IN ADULT DAY SERVICES: UTILITY OF THE DETERMINE CHECKLIST
Authors: Jarrott Shannon E 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Older adults attending adult day services (ADS) often possess risk factors for malnutrition, such as chronic disease, physical disability, and cognitive impairment. We explored the utility of administering to ADS participants the DETERMINE Checklist - a measure of nutritional status. Among eleven participants (M age=77.3 years), 82% (n = 9) presented high nutritional risk. The three most common risk factors were: difficulty shopping, cooking, and/or feeding themselves (100%), making health-related dietary changes (63.7%), and taking three or more daily medications (63.7%). Our preliminary findings indicate that ADS participants may be at moderate-high risk of malnutrition; however, the DETERMINE Checklist may require modification for an ADS population. For example, the checklist may be more reliable if completed jointly by a participant and informal caregiver. We present recommendations for adaptions based on our pilot data as well as implications for ADS staff and clinicians.
BARRIERS TO VILLAGE MEMBERSHIP AMONG MINORITY SENIORS
Authors: Graham Carrie , Tseng Winston 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Villages are a relatively new consumer-driven model that promotes aging in place for community-dwelling seniors. Villages promote social engagement, civic engagement, member-to-member-support, and collectively bargain for services of their members. Members report improved social support and more confidence aging in their own homes. Currently, there are over 200 operational villages nationwide and the model is proliferating rapidly. Most Villages members are white, well-educated, and well resourced. Researchers at UC Berkeley conducted 6 focus groups with Latino, African American and Asian seniors (N=58) who have not joined Villages in their regions. Focus group findings describe a lack of awareness of the Village model among underrepresented groups; and barriers to membership including the cost of membership, lack of language inclusion, and lack of diversity. The national anti-immigrant discourse emerged as a barrier to membership for non-white seniors. Participants describe how Villages could make programmatic changes to attract a more diverse membership.
UTILIZING PRINCIPLES OF LIFESPAN DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY TO EXAMINE RESILIENCE TO ADVERSITY
Authors: Infurna Frank J 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Lifespan developmental psychology has many guiding principles. My past, current, and future research has been influenced by the lifespan developmental principles of multidimensionality and multidirectionality and the premise that development is not entirely bound to chronological age, but to historical-, contextual-, non-normative event-, pathology- and mortality-related processes. The first part of my talk will discuss ways I have utilized these principles in my research examining individual’s ability to be resilient to diverse types of adversities (cancer diagnosis, unemployment, and bereavement) and resources they are drawing on to promote more positive outcomes, such as social support. The second part of my talk will focus on future research directions that aim to advance the conceptual and methodological significance of this research. Future directions include explicitly studying individuals in midlife, inclusion of outcomes beyond that of mental health and well-being, such as character strengths, and longitudinal research designs that assess people more frequently.
POLICY SERIES: OLDER AMERICANS ACT: REAUTHORIZATION PROCESS AND OUTCOMES
Authors: Lindberg Brian W , D’Antonio Patricia M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The Older Americans Act (OAA) reauthorization looks like the perfect bipartisan bill supporting older adults to move forward in 2019. This session provides an DC-insiders look at the process and outcomes, including analysis of proposed revisions to the law, and the roles of the House, Senate, and the Administration. Key players in the process make up the panel and will share their insights and predications on the Act’s future.
PERCEIVED MENTAL FATIGABILITY: NOVEL INSIGHTS INTO SOCIOBEHAVIORAL CORRELATES AND HERITABILITY
Authors: Glynn Nancy W , Simonsick Eleanor M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Fatigue, a common patient-reported outcome, is a unique risk factor associated with both cognitive and physical function. Perceived mental fatigability, a self-report measure of cognitive fatigue anchored to activities of fixed intensity and duration, eliminates self-pacing bias, and therefore is a more sensitive measure of the degree to which cognitive tiredness limits activity. Higher perceived mental fatigability has been associated with functional decline and lower grey matter brain volumes in older adults. We developed the Pittsburgh Fatigability Scale (PFS), a self-administered, 10-item tool to assess perceived physical and mental fatigability across a range of activities, which is widely used internationally. We previously validated the PFS physical subscale. Using a large multicenter international cohort, the Long Life Family Study, we will present the validation of the PFS mental subscale, examine its epidemiology, and explore genetic and socio-behavioral factors associated with perceived mental fatigability in older adults. Specifically, Ms. Renner will share the results of the validation of the PFS mental subscale; Ms. Meinhardt will present heritability and prevalence of higher perceived mental fatigability across age strata and sex; and Ms. Gmelin will consider the link between stress and coping styles on perceived mental fatigability. Further, using a smaller methodological study, the Developmental Epidemiologic Cohort Study, Ms. Graves will explore whether diurnal patterns of physical activity using accelerometry differ in older adults with higher versus lower perceived mental fatigability. Dr. Simonisick, our Discussant, will critically review the presentations and share future directions to inform potential interventions aimed at lowering perceived mental fatigability.
EPIGENETIC AND METABOLIC REGULATION OF AGING
Authors: Brunet Anne 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Aging is accompanied by a decline in the regenerative potential of most tissues. The mammalian brain contains regenerative neurogenic niches composed of neural stem cells (NSCs), neural progenitors, and other cells, including microglia, and endothelial cells. Neurogenic niches become less functional with increasing age. This deterioration could underlie cognitive and sensory restriction with age, although the exact age at which it occurs is still debated in humans. How the neurogenic niche changes during aging, and whether new cell types arise in older individuals, is not known. Our lab has embarked on a global characterization of the neurogenic niche during aging. This work provides a global understanding of the old neurogenic niche and suggests possible cause for NSC decline during aging. Results from these studies could open new avenues to counter age-related decline in the neurogenic niche and brain aging.
THE ROLE OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL CONTEXT IN ADVANCE CARE PLANNING AMONG OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Gaines Brittany E , Boerner Kathrin , Kim Kyungmin , Moorman Sara 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Little is known about how environmental context shapes individuals’ advance care planning (ACP). We combined ACP information from the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study with county-level characteristics from the Area Health Resource File, Dartmouth Atlas, and US Census. Multilevel logistic regression models showed that local sociodemographic characteristics (e.g., rurality, racial/ethnic makeup, age composition, and prevalence of one-person households) and healthcare characteristics (e.g., number of hospice agencies, Medicare reimbursement rates) were related to rates of ACP. Additionally, the following environmental factors were moderated by both individual household income and educational attainment, Medicare physician reimbursement rate, racial/ethnic makeup, age composition, median household income, rurality, and the number of hospice agencies. These findings suggest that the environmental context of an individual’s residence can impact their engagement in ACP. Evidence from this study may be used to target areas for, and guide the design of, effective intervention strategies to help increase ACP at an environmental level.