bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interpreter proxy versus healthcare interpreter for administration of patient surveys following arthroplasty: a pilot study.
Authors: Xue Daniel , Churches Timothy , Armstrong Elizabeth , Mittal Rajat , Naylor Justine M. , Harris Ian A. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: Clinical quality registries and other systems that conduct routine post-discharge surveillance of patient outcomes following surgery may have difficulty surveying patients who have limited proficiency in the language of the healthcare provider. Interpreter proxies (family and carers) are often used due to limited access to certified healthcare interpreters (due to cost or availability). The aim of this study was to assess the reliability of engaging interpreter proxies compared with certified healthcare interpreters for the administration of patient-reported health-related surveys for people with limited English proficiency (LEP).
Methods: People with LEP and due for a routine 6-month telephone follow-up post knee or hip arthroplasty were invited to participate. Participants were randomly allocated to having their first interview with an interpreter proxy or a certified healthcare interpreter followed by the second (crossover) interview within 2 weeks (range: 4 to 12 days) after the first interview using the alternative method. Agreement between the two methods was assessed using quadratic weighted Cohen's kappa, intraclass correlation and concordance correlation co-efficient where appropriate for EQ-5D health domains, total Oxford hip and knee scores, patient satisfaction, operation success, readmission, reoperation, and post-surgical complication responses. The mean of the differences between the same data items collected by each of the two methods was also calculated.
Results: 85 participants (96%) completed the study. There was substantial to excellent inter-rater agreement (kappa=0.69-0.87 and ICCs above 0.74) for all but one measure. The mean differences between family proxy and healthcare interpreter scores for each participant were small, ranging from 0.01 (score range of 1-5) to 0.72 (score range of 0-100).
Conclusion: These results suggest that using interpreter proxies is a reliable alternative to certified healthcare interpreters in conducting patient-reported health surveys, potentially making this process easier and cost effective for researchers and registries.
Genome-wide association mapping revealed syntenic loci QFhb-4AL and QFhb-5DL for Fusarium head blight resistance in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors: Author) Wenjing Hu(Former Corresponding , Gao Derong , Wu Hongya , Liu Jian , Zhang Chunmei , Wang Junchan , Jiang Zhengning , Liu Yeyu , Li Dongsheng , Zhang Yong , Author) Chenbin Lu(New Corresponding 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: Fusarium head blight (FHB), primarily caused by Fusarium graminearum, is a major threat to wheat production and food security worldwide. Breeding stably and durably resistant cultivars is the most effective approach for managing and controlling the disease. The success of FHB resistance breeding relies on identification of effective resistant germplasm. We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) using the high-density wheat 90K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) assays to better understand the genetic basis of FHB resistance in natural population and identify associated molecular markers.
Results: The resistance to FHB fungal spread along the rachis (Type II resistance) was evaluated on 171 wheat cultivars in the 2016-2017 (abbr. as 2017) and 2017-2018 (abbr. as 2018) growing seasons. Using Illumina Infinum iSelect 90K SNP genotyping data, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) identified 26 loci（88 marker-trait associations）, which explained 6.65-14.18% of the phenotypic variances. The associated loci distributed across all chromosomes except 2D, 6A, 6D and 7D, with those on chromosomes 1B, 4A, 5D and 7A being detected in both years. New loci for Type II resistance were found on syntenic genomic regions of chromsome 4AL ( QFhb-4AL , 621.85 Mb - 622.24 Mb) and chromosome 5DL ( QFhb-5DL , 546.09 Mb - 547.27 Mb) which showed highly collinearity in gene content and order. SNP markers wsnp_JD_c4438_5568170 and wsnp_CAP11_c209_198467 of 5D, reported previously linked to a soil-borne wheat mosaic virus (SBWMV) resistance gene, were also associated with FHB resistance in this study.
Conclusion: The syntenic FHB resistant loci and associated SNP markers identified in this study are valuable for FHB resistance breeding via marker-assisted selection.
Old subjects with sepsis: trend analysis of case fatality rate in the Emergency Department
Authors: Fabbri Andrea , Marchesini Giulio , Benazzi Barbara , Morelli Alice , Montesi Danilo , Bini Cesare , Rizzo Stefano Giovanni 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: The burden of sepsis represents a global health care problem. We aimed to assess the case fatality rate (CFR) and its predictors in subjects with sepsis admitted to a general Italian hospital from 2009 to 2016, stratified by risk score.Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of all sepsis-related hospitalizations after Emergency Department (ED) visit in a public Italian hospital in an 8-year period. A risk score to predict CFR was computed by logistic regression analysis of selected variables in a training set (2009-2012), and then confirmed in the whole study population. A trend analysis of CFR during the study period was performed dividing patient as high-risk (upper tertile of risk score) or low-risk . Results: 2,492 subjects were included. Over time the incidental admission rate (no. of sepsis-related admissions per 100 total admissions) increased from 4.1% (2009-2010) to 5.4% (2015-2016); P<0.001, accompanied by a reduced CFR (from 38.0% to 18.4%; P<0.001). A group of 10 variables (admission in intensive care unit, cardio-vascular dysfunction, HIV infection, diabetes, age ≥80 years, respiratory diseases, number of organ dysfunction, digestive diseases, dementia and cancer) were selected by the logistic model to predict CFR with good accuracy: AUC 0.873 [0.009]. Along the years CFR decreased from 31.8% (2009-2010) to 25.0% (2015-2016); P = 0.007. The relative proportion of subjects ≥80 years (overall, 52.9% of cases) and classified as high-risk did not change along the years. CFR decreased only in low-risk subjects (from 13.3% to 5.2%; P<0.001), and particularly in those aged ≥80 (from 18.2% to 6.6%; P=0.003), but not in high-risk individuals (from 69.9% to 64.2%; P=0.713).
Conclusion: Between 2009 and 2016 the incidence of sepsis-related hospitalization increased in a general Italian hospital, with a downward trend in CFR, only limited to low-risk patients and particularly to subjects ≥80 years.
Colchicine causes prenatal cell toxicity and increases tetraploid risk
Authors: Wang Ding , Xie Yingjun , Yan Minyi , Pan Qianying , Liang Yi , sun xiaofang 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background Colchicine is a clinical medicine used for relief from gout and familial Mediterranean fever. Because of its toxic effects, intravenous injection of colchicine has been banned, but it is still widely administered orally. We assayed the toxic effects of colchicine in cultured primary chorionic villus cells and amniotic fluid cells to interpret its influence on the placenta and foetus. Methods Bright field record and cell count kit 8 were used to value cell viability. Flow cytometer was used to identify cells markers, cell cycle and cell apoptosis. G-banding was used for karyotype analysis for sample genetic and drug effect evaluation. Results Chorionic villus cells and amniotic fluid cells were characterized as mesenchymal cells that share most cell surface markers and have a similar response to colchicine. Colchicine did not induce a decline in cell viability at low concentrations but suppressed cell proliferation by arresting the cell cycle in the G2/M phase and increased the risk of tetraploid generation in a small subset of cases. Conclusions Our study revealed the results of a colchicine-induced toxicity test in prenatal cells and determined the anti-mitotic biologically functional dose and manner of administration that might reduce the risk of tetraploid generation.
Predictions of Indigenous Chicken Phenotypes from Genotypes: Comparison Between Machine Learning and conventional Linear Models
Authors: SUMUKWO CHESANG , Muasya Thomas K. , Ngeno Kiplangat. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Genomic selection is a new breeding strategy which is rapidly becoming the method of choice of selection. It is useful in predicting the phenotypes of quantitative traits based on genome-wide markers of genotypes using conventional predictive models such as ridge regression BLUP. However, these conventional predictive models are faced with a statistical challenge related to the high dimensionality of marker data, inter and intra-allelic interactions and typically make strong assumptions. Machine learning models can be used as an alternative in the prediction of phenotypes due to their ability to address this challenges. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the predictive ability of machine learning using deep convolutional neural network (DeepGS), conventional neural network (Artificial neural network), conventional statistical predictive model ridge regression best linear unbiased (RR-BLUP) model and combination of DeepGS and RR-BLUP(Ensemble model) in predicting body weight (BW) of indigenous chicken based on genome-wide markers. The pearson correlation coefficient (PCC) results from this study for the four models were 0.891,0.889, 0.892 and 0.812 for DeepGS, RR-BLUP, Ensemble and ANN. This showed that DeepGS did not yield significant difference (p>0.05) from the other models, therefore, it can be used in complement to the commonly used conventional models. For individuals with higher phenotypic values, the PCC results showed a drastic decrease in the performance of DeepGS, rrBLUP, Ensemble and ANN from 0.891, 0.889, 0.892, 0.845 to 0.315, 0.466, 0.342, 0.518 respectively. Therefore, more effort should be put on individuals with higher phenotypic values.
Profiling of inflammatory mediators in the synovial fluid related to pain in knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Li Li , Li Zhenxing , Li Yuyan , Hu Xi , Zhang Yu , Fan Pei 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: Inflammatory mediators in the synovial fluid (SF) play critical roles in the initiation and development of pain in knee osteoarthritis (KOA). However, the expression of inflammatory mediators is controversial and the role of SF inflammatory mediators in neuropathic pain is not clear. Therefore, the aim of this study is to identify the SF inflammatory mediators associated with nociceptive and neuropathic pain in KOA. Methods: The levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, macrophage colony-stimulating factor, MMP-3, MMP-13, metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 5, calcitonin gene-related peptide, neuropeptide Y, substance P and bradykinin were measured in 86 patients using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Nociceptive pain was measured using the numeric rating scale (NRS), visual analog scale (VAS) and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC ) pain score. Neuropathic pain was measured using the PainDETECT questionnaire. Moreover, knee function was evaluated by the WOMAC score and range of motion (ROM) assessments. Radiological grade was defined using the Kellgren-Lawrence (K-L) grading scale. Results: Pain scores measured using different methods were highly correlated to each other. The worse the pain, the worse the K-L grade and knee function were. The expression of IL-1β and IL-6 was increased in the early stage compared with the late stage. The NRS was positively correlated to age, K-L grade, and the WOMAC score and negatively correlated to ROM and TNF-α expression. The VAS was positively correlated to age, K-L grade, and the WOMAC score but negatively correlated to ROM and the levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α. The WOMAC pain score was not correlated to any of the measured inflammatory mediators; it correlated to only ROM. The PainDETECT score correlated to only the WOMAC score. The expression of other inflammatory mediators was not correlated to any of the pain scores. Conclusions: IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α exhibit higher expression in early stage of KOA than the late stage of KOA and correlated to pain. The measured catabolic enzymes and neuropeptides are not correlated to nociceptive and neuropathic pain. New biomarkers related to pain in the late stage need to be further investigated.
Myocardial Characterization in Pre-Dialysis Chronic Kidney Disease: A Study of Prevalence, Patterns and Outcomes
Authors: Price Anna M , Hayer Manvir K , Vijapurapu Ravi , Fyyaz Saad A , Moody William E , Ferro Charles J , Townend Jonathan N , Steeds Richard P , Edwards Nicola C 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background

Late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) using cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) characterizes myocardial disease and predicts an adverse cardiovascular (CV) prognosis. Myocardial abnormalities, are present in early chronic kidney disease (CKD). To date there are no data defining prevalence, pattern and clinical implications of LGE-CMR in CKD.Methods

Patients with pre-dialysis CKD (stage 2-5) attending specialist renal clinics at University Hospital Birmingham (UK) who underwent gadolinium enhanced CMR (1.5T) between 2005 and 2017 were included. The patterns and presence (LGEpos) / absence (LGEneg) of LGE were assessed by two blinded observers. Association between LGE and CV outcomes were assessed.Results

In total, 159 patients received gadolinium (male 61%, mean age 55 years, mean left ventricular ejection fraction 69%, left ventricular hypertrophy 5%) with a median follow up period of 3.8 years [1.04-11.59]. LGEpos was present in 55 (34%) subjects; the patterns were: right ventricular insertion point n=28 (51%), mid wall n=18 (33%), sub-endocardial n=5 (9%) and sub-epicardial n=4 (7%). There were no differences in left ventricular structural or functional parameters with LGEpos. There were 12 adverse CV outcomes over follow up; 7 of 55 with LGEpos and 5 of 104 LGEneg. LGEpos was not predicted by age, gender, glomerular filtration rate or electrocardiographic abnormalities.Conclusions

In a selected cohort of subjects with moderate CKD but low CV risk, LGE was present in approximately a third of patients. LGE was not associated with adverse CV outcomes. Further studies in high risk CKD cohorts are required to assess the role of LGE with multiplicative risk factors.
Comparative efficacy evaluation of inverted internal limiting membrane flap technique and internal limiting membrane peeling in large macular holes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Shen Yu , Lin Xiaoqin , Zhang Luyi , Wu Miaoqin 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study was to compare the anatomical and visual outcomes of inverted internal limiting membrane (ILM) flap technique and internal limiting membrane peeling in large macular holes (MH).
Methods: Related studies were reviewed by searching electronic databases of Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library. We searched for articles that compared inverted ILM flap technique with ILM peeling for large MH (> 400 μm). Double-arm meta-analysis was performed for the primary end point that was the rate of MH closure, and the secondary end point was postoperative visual acuity (VA). Heterogeneity, publication bias, sensitivity analysis and subgroup analysis were conducted to guarantee the statistical power.
Results: This review included eight studies involving 593 eyes, 4 randomized control trials and 4 retrospective studies. After sensitivity analysis for eliminating the heterogeneity of primary outcome, the pooled data showed the rate of MH closure with inverted ILM flap technique group was statistically significantly higher than ILM peeling group (odds ratio (OR) = 3.95, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.89 to 8.27; P = 0.0003). At the follow-up duration of 3 months, postoperative VA was significantly better in the group of inverted ILM flap than ILM peeling (mean difference (MD) = -0.16, 95% CI = -0.23 to 0.09; P ＜ 0.00001). However, there was no difference in visual outcomes between the two groups of different surgical treatments at relatively long-term follow-up over 6 months (MD = 0.01, 95% CI = -0.12 to 0.15; P = 0.86).
Conclusion: Vitrectomy with inverted ILM flap technique had a better anatomical outcome than ILM peeling. Flap technique also had a signifcant visual gain in the short term, but the limitations in visual recovery at a longer follow-up was found.
Keywords: Inverted internal limiting membrane flap technique, Internal limiting membrane peeling, Large macular hole, Meta-analysis
Factors associated with unintended pregnancy in Ethiopia; further analysis of the 2016 Ethiopian demographic health survey data.
Authors: Bekele Yibeltal Alemu , Fekadu Gedefaw Abeje 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background

Unintended pregnancy is an important public health problem in Ethiopia. It causes adverse physical, mental, social and economic outcomes. Identifying factors associated with unintended pregnancy may help to reduce unintended pregnancy and hence adverse outcomes. There are few studies about the prevalence and associated factors of unintended pregnancy in Ethiopia. But these studies were based on few sample size and fragmented. Therefore, this analysis was done to identify factors associated with unintended pregnancy in Ethiopia based on nationally representative data.Methods

The study used the 2016 Ethiopian demographic and health survey data. The data was downloaded from The DHS program with permission. A total of 1135 women were included in the final model. Data was weighted to consider disproportionate sampling and non-response. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with unintended pregnancy among women.Result

About 30% (95% CI: 25.33 -34.39) pregnancies were unintended. Married women (AOR; 0.034; 95% CI: 0.01- 0.14), woman living in developing regions (AOR; 0.14; 95% CI: 0.07- 0.27) and women who reported distance not a big problem to get medical care (AOR 0.59; 95% CI: 0.36 - 0.99) had lower odds of unintended pregnancy. On the other hand, multi-para (AOR; 3.77; 95% CI: 1.71 - 8.33), grand multi-para (AOR; 6.72; 95% CI: 2.74 - 16.49) women and women who ever used contraceptives (AOR; 1.86 95% CI: 1.06 - 3.26) had higher odds of unintended pregnancy.Conclusion

Although high,the magnitude of unintended pregnancy in Ethiopia was lower compared to the global level. Marital status, region, perceived distance to seek medical care, parity and history of contraceptive use were found significant predictors of unintended pregnancy in Ethiopia.
Qualitative exploration of the acceptability of a postnatal pelvic floor muscle training intervention to prevent urinary incontinence
Authors: Grant Aileen , Currie Sinead 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background Childbirth is a major risk factor for urinary incontinence (UI). As a result, pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) is commonly recommended during and after pregnancy to prevent the onset of UI. PFMT is often classed as a physical activity (PA) behaviour, hence PA guidelines for postnatal women encourage PFMT alongside aerobic activities. However, postnatal lifestyle interventions tend to overlook PFMT which can be detrimental to women’s health and future health risks, including urinary incontinence. This study aimed to explore perceptions and acceptability of a postnatal physical activity and PFMT intervention with postnatal women in Scotland.Methods We recruited women who had given birth within the last five years by displaying posters in health centres and community centres in Stirling and through Facebook. Data was gathered via online and face-to-face focus groups, which were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. Analytic themes were initially organised under related concepts derived from the topic guide and thematic analysis conducted. Subsequent analysis was by the Framework technique.Results A total of seven online and face-to-face focus group discussions with 31 women identified there was a clear intention behaviour gap for engagement in PA with both psychological and logistical barriers identified such as motivation and childcare. This was distinct from PFMT where there was a feeling of helplessness around not knowing how to perform a correct PFMT contraction subsequently resulting in women not adhering to PFMT guidance. Women felt there was no accessible PFMT advice available through the NHS. Some participants had received PFMT advice after childbirth and spoke of the Squeezee app being useful in adhering to a PFMT regimen but they did require additional teaching on how to do correct contractions. There was need for clarity and practical support for PFMT in the postnatal period with an approved intervention incorporating an accessible app being suggested by participants.Conclusions Women would like to be trained on postnatal PFMT but face barriers to accessing adequate information and education on how to do a PFMT contraction. An intervention combining PFMT training and an app would be the most useful for their needs and circumstances.
How the resource allocation and inpatient behavior affect the expenditures of terminal malignant tumor patients?
Authors: Li Fen , Zhu Bifan , Sang Peimin , JIN Chunlin 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: The inappropriate use of medical resources and escalating health expenditures of severe diseases patients has been a great concern in China’s health system especially among terminal stage. This study aims to analyze how the resource allocation and hospitalization behavior affect the expenditures of terminal malignant tumor patients, and provide evidences on resource allocation and utilization. Methods: An analysis framework of influencing factors of medical expenses was built according to Andersen’s Behavioral Model. Hospitalization expenditures of malignant tumor patients who died in medical institutions were tracked in Shanghai in 2016. We use path analysis to analyze the influencing factors of hospitalization expenditures at terminal stage. Results: Results demonstrated that hospital services and expenditures during the terminal stage were primarily in tertiary hospitals. The top three influencing factors were length of stay, number of admissions and level of medical institutions. While the influence of demographic characteristics (age, gender, type of medical insurance, etc.) was relatively low. Conclusions: Data suggest that hospitalization expenditures and patients’ economic burden can be reduced through adjusting allocation of medical resources and service utilization, as well as reducing unnecessary hospitalization days.