bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Having a Baby: Impact on Married and Cohabiting Parents’ Relationships
Authors: O’Reilly Treter Maggie , Rhoades Galena K. , Scott Shelby B. , Markman Howard J. , Stanley Scott M. 
Published: July 2020

The current study evaluates the effects of having a baby on relationship quality and stability, contrasting married and unmarried cohabiting parents (N = 179; 38% unmarried cohabiting). Participants provided several waves of data, including time points before, during, and after pregnancy. Results indicated that cohabiting parents broke up at a significantly higher rate after having a baby compared to married parents. In terms of relationship quality, interrupted time‐series analyses indicated that negative communication significantly increased after baby regardless of marital status. In addition, married parents had significantly higher levels of relationship satisfaction and commitment before baby compared to cohabiting parents but experienced modest declines in relationship satisfaction after baby. Cohabiting parents did not show such declines but remained lower in satisfaction throughout the study. Gender moderated commitment trajectories, such that married and cohabiting women demonstrated decreased commitment after baby, but married and cohabiting men demonstrated no significant changes in commitment. This study adds to the literature by examining both relationship stability and relationship quality trajectories from before pregnancy to after the birth of a baby among married and cohabiting parents in the same sample. Implications of these findings for practice and future research are discussed.
The CO2‐equivalent balance of freshwater ecosystems is non‐linearly related to productivity
Authors: Grasset Charlotte , Sobek Sebastian , Scharnweber Kristin , Moras Simone , Villwock Holger , Andersson Sara , Hiller Carolin , Nydahl Anna C. , Chaguaceda Fernando , Colom William , Tranvik Lars J. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractEutrophication of fresh waters results in increased CO2 uptake by primary production, but at the same time increased emissions of CH4 to the atmosphere. Given the contrasting effects of CO2 uptake and CH4 release, the net effect of eutrophication on the CO2‐equivalent balance of fresh waters is not clear. We measured carbon fluxes (CO2 and CH4 diffusion, CH4 ebullition) and CH4 oxidation in 20 freshwater mesocosms with 10 different nutrient concentrations (total phosphorus range: mesotrophic 39 µg/L until hypereutrophic 939 µg/L) and planktivorous fish in half of them. We found that the CO2‐equivalent balance had a U‐shaped relationship with productivity, up to a threshold in hypereutrophic systems. CO2‐equivalent sinks were confined to a narrow range of net ecosystem production (NEP) between 5 and 19 mmol O2 m−3 day−1. Our findings indicate that eutrophication can shift fresh waters from sources to sinks of CO2‐equivalents due to enhanced CO2 uptake, but continued eutrophication enhances CH4 emission and transforms freshwater ecosystems to net sources of CO2‐equivalents to the atmosphere. Nutrient enrichment but also planktivorous fish presence increased productivity, thereby regulating the resulting CO2‐equivalent balance. Increasing planktivorous fish abundance, often concomitant with eutrophication, will consequently likely affect the CO2‐equivalent balance of fresh waters.
Third‐trimester placentas of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2)‐positive women: histomorphology, including viral immunohistochemistry and in‐situ hybridization
Authors: Smithgall Marie C , Liu‐Jarin Xiaolin , Hamele‐Bena Diane , Cimic Adela , Mourad Mirella , Debelenko Larisa , Chen Xiaowei 
Published: July 2020

AimsThe wide variety of affected organ systems associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection highlights the need for tissue‐specific evaluation. We compared placentas from SARS‐CoV‐2‐positive and SARS‐CoV‐2‐negative women in our hospital in New York City, which became the epicenter of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic in March 2020. To date, some limited studies have been published on placentas from SARS‐CoV‐2‐positive women. The aim of our study, in addition to describing histomorphology, was to utilize in‐situ hybridization (ISH) for the S‐gene encoding the spike protein and immunohistochemistry (IHC) with the monoclonal SARS‐CoV‐2 spike antibody 1A9 for placental evaluation.Methods and resultsIn this study, 51 singleton, third‐trimester placentas from SARS‐CoV‐2‐positive women and 25 singleton, third‐trimester placentas from SARS‐CoV‐2‐negative women were examined histomorphologically according to the Amsterdam Criteria and with ISH and/or IHC. The corresponding clinical findings and neonatal outcomes also were recorded. Although no specific histomorphologic changes related to SARS‐CoV‐2 were noted in the placentas, evidence of maternal–fetal vascular malperfusion was identified, with placentas from SARS‐CoV‐2‐positive women being significantly more likely to show villous agglutination (P = 0.003) and subchorionic thrombi (P = 0.026) than placentas from SARS‐CoV‐2‐negative women. No evidence of direct viral involvement was identified with ISH and IHC.ConclusionsIn this study, third‐trimester placentas from SARS‐CoV‐2‐positive women were more likely to show evidence of maternal–fetal vascular malperfusion; however, ISH and IHC provided no evidence of direct viral involvement or vertical transmission.
New Al2O3–Cu–Ni functionally graded composites manufactured using the centrifugal slip casting
Authors: Zygmuntowicz Justyna , Szymańska Joanna , Wachowski Marcin , Gloc Michał , Kaszuwara Waldemar 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe aim of this paper was to establish the general suitability of the centrifugal slip casting technique for fabrication of graded material from the Al2O3–Cu–Ni system. The present investigation is a preliminary one and the obtained results may be regarded as a point for acquiring the new knowledge in the ternary ceramic metal system fabricated using centrifugal slip casting. The rheological study provided the evidence that the suspension used to fabricate composites is a non‐Newtonian slurry. Moreover, the results demonstrated that the prepared slurry is stable over time. The obtained composites has a hollow cylindrical shape with relative density of > 95%. The XRD study results revealed three phases: Al2O3, Ni, and CuNi. The microscopic investigations revealed a nonhomogeneous distribution of the metallic phase in the composite. It has been shown that the content of the metallic phase decreased with the increased distance from the outside to the inner edge of the ceramic‐metal composite. The study results allow to conclude that the interface between the phases is more continuous when sintering was carried out in a solid phase. However, it was found that when sintering was carried out in a liquid phase separated metal particles with spherical phase are formed.
Functional characterization of an aldose reductase (bmALD1) obtained from the silkworm Bombyx mori
Authors: Yamamoto K. , Yamaguchi M. , Endo S. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe describe a new member of the aldo‐keto reductase (AKR) superfamily in the silkworm Bombyx mori. On the basis of its amino acid sequence and phylogenetic tree, this AKR belongs to the AKR1B family and has been designated as bmALD1. In the current study, recombinant bmALD1 was overexpressed, purified to homogeneity and kinetically characterized. We discovered that bmALD1 uses NADPH as a coenzyme to reduce carbonyl compounds such as DL‐glyceraldehyde, glucose and 2‐nonenal. No NADH‐dependent activity was detected. To the best of our knowledge, bmALD1 is only the third AKR characterized in silkworm which, given its substrate specificity, could play a major role in glucose metabolism and antioxidant reactions. Our data provide an increased understanding of insect AKR function.
Left bundle branch pacing: A comprehensive review
Authors: Ponnusamy Shunmuga Sundaram , Arora Vanita , Namboodiri Narayanan , Kumar Vivek , Kapoor Aditya , Vijayaraman Pugazhendhi 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCardiac pacing is the only effective therapy for patients with symptomatic bradyarrhythmia. Traditional right ventricular apical pacing causes electrical and mechanical dyssynchrony resulting in left ventricular dysfunction, recurrent heart failure, and atrial arrhythmias. Physiological pacing activates the normal cardiac conduction, thereby providing synchronized contraction of ventricles. Though His bundle pacing (HBP) acts as an ideal physiological pacing modality, it is technically challenging and associated with troubleshooting issues during follow‐up. Left bundle branch pacing (LBBP) has been suggested as an effective alternative to overcome the limitations of HBP as it provides low and stable pacing threshold, lead stability, and correction of distal conduction system disease. This paper will focus on the implantation technique, troubleshooting, clinical implications, and a review of published literature of LBBP.
microRNA‐124 inhibits stem‐like properties and enhances radiosensitivity in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells via direct repression of expression of JAMA
Authors: Tian Yunhong , Tian Yunming , Tu Yinuo , Zhang Guoqian , Zeng Xing , Lin Jie , Ai Meiling , Mao Zixu , Zheng Ronghui , Yuan Yawei 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCancer stem cells (CSCs) are a source of tumour recurrence in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC); however, the function of microRNA‐124 (miR‐124) in NPC CSCs has not been clearly defined. In this study, we investigated the role of miR‐124 in NPC CSCs. qRT‐PCR was performed to measure miR‐124 expression in NPC tissues and cell lines and the effects of miR‐124 on stem‐like properties and radiosensitivity of NPC cells measured. Luciferase reporter assays and rescue experiments were used to investigate the interaction of miR‐124 with the 3′UTR of junctional adhesion molecule A (JAMA). Finally, we examined the effects of miR‐124 in an animal model and clinical samples. Down‐regulation of miR‐124 was detected in cancer tissues and was inversely associated with tumour stage and lymph node metastasis. Overexpression of miR‐124 inhibited stemness properties and enhanced radiosensitivity of NPC cells in vitro and in vivo via targeting JAMA. Up‐regulation of miR‐124 was correlated with superior overall survival of patients with NPC. Our study demonstrates that miR‐124 can inhibit stem‐like properties and enhance radiosensitivity by directly targeting JAMA in NPC. These findings provide novel insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying therapy failure in NPC.
Ablation of sensory nerves favours melanoma progression
Authors: Prazeres Pedro H. D. M. , Leonel Caroline , Silva Walison N. , Rocha Beatriz G. S. , Santos Gabryella S. P. , Costa Alinne C. , Picoli Caroline C. , Sena Isadora F. G. , Gonçalves William A. , Vieira Mariana S. , Costa Pedro A. C. , Campos Leda M. C. C. , Lopes Miriam T. P. , Costa Marcos R. , Resende Rodrigo R. , Cunha Thiago M. , Mintz Akiva , Birbrair Alexander 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe tumour mass is composed not only of heterogeneous neoplastic cells, but also a variety of other components that may affect cancer cells behaviour. The lack of detailed knowledge about all the constituents of the tumour microenvironment restricts the design of effective treatments. Nerves have been reported to contribute to the growth and maintenance of numerous tissues. The effects of sensory innervations on tumour growth remain unclear. Here, by using state‐of‐the‐art techniques, including Cre/loxP technologies, confocal microscopy, in vivo‐tracing and chemical denervation, we revealed the presence of sensory nerves infiltrating within the melanoma microenvironment, and affecting cancer progression. Strikingly, melanoma growth in vivo was accelerated following genetic ablation or chemical denervation of sensory nerves. In humans, a retrospective analysis of melanoma patients revealed that increased expression of genes related to sensory nerves in tumours was associated with better clinical outcomes. These findings suggest that sensory innervations counteract melanoma progression. The emerging knowledge from this research provides a novel target in the tumour microenvironment for therapeutic benefit in cancer patients.
Hsa_circ_0128846 promotes tumorigenesis of colorectal cancer by sponging hsa‐miR‐1184 and releasing AJUBA and inactivating Hippo/YAP signalling
Authors: Wang Xu , Chen Yujia , Liu Wei , Liu Tao , Sun Di 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHsa_circ_0128846 was found to be the most significantly up‐regulated circRNA in our bioinformatics analysis. However, the role of hsa_circ_0128846 in colorectal cancer has not been explored. We thus aim to explore the influence and mechanism of hsa_circ_0128846 in colorectal cancer by sponging its downstream miRNA target miR‐1184. We collected 40 colorectal cancer patients’ tumour tissues to analyse the expression of hsa_circ_0128846, miR‐1184 and AJUBA using qRT‐PCR and Western blot where needed. Then, we constructed stably transfected SW480 and HCT116 cells to study the influence of hsa_circ_0128846, miR‐1184 and AJUBA on colorectal cancer cell phenotypes. To obtain reliable results, a plethora of experiments including RNA immunoprecipitation assay, flow cytometry, EdU incorporation assay, wound healing migration assay, transwell invasion assay and live imaging of nude mice xenograft assay were performed. The binding relationship between hsa_circ_0128846, miR‐1184 and AJUBA mRNA in colorectal cancer was validated by reported gene assay. In colorectal cancer tissues, circ_0128846 and AJUBA were both significantly up‐regulated, while miR‐1184 was significantly down‐regulated compared with healthy tissues. Meanwhile, hsa_circ_0128846 can absorb miR‐1184 to promote the progression of CRC in vivo and SW480 and HCT116 cell phenotypes in vitro. The knockdown of AJUBA, a downstream target of miR‐1184, reversed the effect of miR‐1184 in CRC cells via enhancing the phosphorylation of the Hippo/YAP signalling pathway proteins MST1, LATS1 and YAP. This study revealed that hsa_circ_0128846 contributed to the development of CRC by decreasing the expression of miR‐1184, thereby increasing AJUBA expression and inactivating Hippo/YAP signalling.
Cryo‐FIB preparation of whole cells and tissue for cryo‐TEM: use of high‐pressure frozen specimens in tubes and planchets
Authors: DE WINTER D.A.M. , HSIEH C. , MARKO M. , HAYLES M. F. 
Published: July 2020

SummaryThe desire to study macromolecular complexes within their cellular context requires the ability to produce thin samples suitable for cryo‐TEM (cryo‐transmission electron microscope) investigations. In this paper, we discuss two similar approaches, which were developed independently in Utrecht (the Netherlands) and Albany (USA). The methods are particularly suitable for both tissue samples and cell suspensions prepared by a high‐pressure freezer (HPF). The workflows are explained with particular attention to potential pitfalls, while underlying principles are highlighted (‘why to do so’). Although both workflows function with a high success rate, full execution requires considerable experience and remains demanding. In addition, throughput is low. We hope to encourage other research groups worldwide to take on the challenge of improving the HPF– cryo‐FIB‐SEM – cryo‐TEM workflow. We discuss a number of suggestions to this end.Lay DescriptionLife is ultimately dictated by the interaction of molecules in our bodies. Highly complex equipment is being used and further developed to study these interactions. The present paper describes methods to prepare small, very thin lamellae (area of 5×5 µm2, thickness 50–300 nm) of a cell to be studied in a cryo‐transmission electron microscope (cryo‐TEM). Special care must be taken to preserve the natural state of molecules in their natural environment. In the case of cryo‐TEM, the samples must be frozen and kept frozen to be compatible with the vacuum conditions in the microscope. The frozen condition imposes technical challenges which are addressed. Two approaches to obtain the thin lamellae are described. Both make use of a focused ion beam (FIB) microscope. The FIB allows removal of material with nanometre precision by focusing a beam of ionised atoms (gallium ions) onto the sample. Careful control of the FIB allows cutting out of the required thin lamellae. In both strategies, the thin lamellae remain attached to the original sample, and the ensemble of sample with section and sample holder is transported from the FIB microscope to the TEM while being kept frozen.
Reconstruction of highly porous structures from FIB‐SEM using a deep neural network trained on synthetic images
Authors: FEND C. , MOGHISEH A. , REDENBACH C. , SCHLADITZ K. 
Published: July 2020

SummaryCombining scanning electron microscopy with serial slicing by a focused ion beam yields spatial image data of materials structures at the nanometer scale. However, the depth of field of the scanning electron microscopic images causes unwanted effects when highly porous structures are imaged. Proper spatial reconstruction of such porous structures from the stack of microscopic images is a tough and in general yet unsolved segmentation problem. Recently, machine learning methods have proven to yield solutions to a variety of image segmentation problems. However, their use is hindered by the need of large amounts of annotated data in the training phase. Here, we therefore replace annotated real image data by simulated image stacks of synthetic structures – realizations of stochastic germ–grain models and random packings. This strategy yields the annotations for free, but shifts the effort to choosing appropriate stochastic geometry models and generating sufficiently realistic scanning electron microscopic images.
Of Organizing and Sensemaking: From Action to Meaning and Back Again in a Half‐Century of Weick’s Theorizing
Authors: Ann Glynn Mary , Watkiss Lee 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe themes of organizing and sensemaking have reverberated throughout Weick’s remarkable career and constitute one of the hallmarks of his contribution. We review his major works and show how Weick differentially emphasizes organizing and sensemaking over time and, eventually, arrives at a fuller integration of meaning and action. Initially, Weick (1969; 1979) models their relationship as linear, focusing on how organizing functioned as a context for sensemaking, an approach we labelSensemaking in Organizing. Later, however, Weick (1995a; 2005) construes their relationship in more dynamic, interactive, and reciprocal cycles, modelling sensemaking as the process whereby organizing is achieved, an approach we labelSensemaking as Organizing. We explore the evolution and implications of these approaches and discuss their impact on management scholarship. Finally, we draw out potential future research directions at the interface of organizing and sensemaking.
Hormetic doses of UV‐C light decrease the susceptibility of tomato plants to Botrytis cinerea infection
Authors: Vàsquez Hilariòn , Ouhibi Chayma , Forges Marine , Lizzi Yves , Urban Laurent , Aarrouf Jawad 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPreharvest hormetic doses of UV‐C radiation can decrease the susceptibility of tomato leaves to Botrytis cinerea L. infection. UV‐C light treatments have been shown to be very effective for reducing disease development in several species, including tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). Treating cultivated tomato plants with UV‐C light is of interest not only because of the disinfecting effects of UV‐C light but also because of its ability to stimulate plant defences (SDP) against diseases, provided that the applied doses are high enough to be effective while low enough to prevent deleterious effects. In the present study, the effects of UV‐C light on plants were evaluated by biochemical analyses, including analyses of the activities of antioxidant enzymes and phenylalanine lyase (PAL); the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA), an indicator of membrane integrity; and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, such as the maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem II (FV/FM) and the Strasser performance index (PI). In this work, treatments with single doses of 0.85 kJ/m2 of UV‐C light were found to significantly increase plant defences against B. cinerea, reducing the affected leaf area by 51% compared to the affected area of control plants. This decrease in susceptibility was associated with increased PAL activity and the amount of bound phenolics compared to levels in control plants (not treated with UV‐C).
Pediatric nurses' perceptions of preparedness for global health fieldwork
Authors: Schmid Alexis , DeGrazia Michele , Mott Sandra , Schuler Ethan , Schenkel Sara R. , Niescierenko Michelle , Hickey Patricia A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectivesThe purpose of this qualitative descriptive research study was to understand the current state, perceived content, and experiential needs of pediatric nurses preparing for global health (GH) fieldwork experience. This study aimed to inform stakeholders about the standard and unique preparation needs of pediatric GH nurses.Study Design and MethodsOne group and five individual interviews were held with nurses from a large pediatric quaternary care facility in the Northeast United States. Data from the interviews were transcribed verbatim, eliminating personal data. Only deidentified transcripts were used for data analysis. Members of the study team used content analysis to systematically code and analyze the data.ResultsQualitative content analysis revealed five categories: (1) identifying clear objectives, (2) understanding the practice environment, (3) self‐assessment of clinical skills, cultural competencies, and adaptability, (4) safety and logistics planning, and (5) psychological self‐care and reentry anticipatory guidance.ConclusionsFindings can provide a basis for program planning to prepare pediatric nurses for GH fieldwork. Program planning must account for the unique features of the site and situation. Organizational and personal preparation can influence the perceived success of the GH experience.