bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biportal endoscopic discectomy for high-grade migrated lumbar disc herniation
Authors: Kang Taewook , Park Si Young , Park Gun Woo , Lee Soon Hyuck , Park Jong Hoon , Suh Seung Woo 
Published: May 2020

OBJECTIVEAlthough endoscopic procedures for lumbar disc herniation have improved greatly and offer many advantages, the indications are limited mostly to nonmigrated or low-grade migrated disc herniation. Endoscopic application in migrated disc herniation cases is still challenging and technically demanding. The goal in this study was to determine the feasibility of biportal endoscopic discectomy for removal of high-grade migrated disc herniation.METHODSA retrospective review was performed in 262 patients who had undergone biportal endoscopic discectomy after the diagnosis of lumbar herniated disc. According to preoperative MRI findings, disc herniation was classified into 5 zones based on the direction and distance from the disc space. Patients were divided into 2 groups—a high-grade migration group and a low-grade migration group. Clinical outcomes were evaluated using the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), visual analog scale (VAS), and modified Macnab criteria, and those outcomes and operation time were compared between the 2 groups.RESULTSThere were 10 patients with “high-grade up,” 8 with “low-grade up,” 98 with disc-level, 102 with “low-grade down,” and 44 with “high-grade down” herniation, thereby yielding 54 patients in the high-grade group and 208 in the low-grade group. Demographic data for the 2 groups showed no significant difference. There was no significant difference between the 2 groups in ODI, VAS, and modified Macnab criteria. Operation time between the 2 groups was not significantly different (60.74 vs 65.63 minutes, p > 0.05).CONCLUSIONSBiportal endoscopic discectomy can be effective for high-grade migrated lumbar disc herniation with no prolonged operation time and satisfactory clinical outcomes.
Hydranencephaly treatments: retrospective case series and review of the literature
Authors: Thiong’o Grace M. , Ferson Susan S. , Albright A. Leland 
Published: May 2020

OBJECTIVEThe objective of this study was to review treatment options for infants with hydranencephaly and to consider the pros and cons of each treatment modality.METHODSThis paper is a review of hydranencephaly as well as a retrospective analysis evaluating the outcomes of 52 infants with hydranencephaly who were treated at the Kijabe Hospital, Kijabe, Kenya, in one of four ways: ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) insertion, endoscopic choroid plexus coagulation (CPC), open choroid plexectomy (CPlx), and palliative care. The primary outcome measure was control of head size, with the aim of improving patient care. One-year mortality was a secondary outcome.RESULTSOf the 52 patients analyzed, 11 underwent VPS insertion, 17 CPC, 14 CPlx, and 10 were treated palliatively. Head size was controlled at the 3-month evaluation interval in 5 of 7 infants treated with VPS, 10 of 16 of those treated with CPC, 6 of 9 of those treated with CPlx, and 1 of 4 treated palliatively. The number of infants in each category with complete follow-up data that were needed to analyze change in head size was lower than the total number of patients included in each category. Mortality at 1 year of age was 9 of 11 in the VPS group, 14 of 17 in the CPC group, 6 of 14 in the CPlx group, and 7 of 10 in the palliative group.CONCLUSIONSHead size decreased by 1 cm or more in similar proportions (62%–71%) of infants with hydranencephaly who were treated by VPS insertion, CPC, and CPlx, and progressed in those who received palliative care. Mortality at 1 year of age was similar in infants treated by a VPS, CPC, and palliative care (70%–82%), but lower (43%) in those treated with CPlx.
Long-term outcomes of pediatric arteriovenous malformations: the 30-year Pittsburgh experience
Authors: McDowell Michael M. , Agarwal Nitin , Mao Gordon , Johnson Stephen , Kano Hideyuki , Lunsford L. Dade , Greene Stephanie 
Published: May 2020

OBJECTIVEThe study of pediatric arteriovenous malformations (pAVMs) is complicated by the rarity of the entity. Treatment choice has often been affected by the availability of different modalities and the experience of the providers present. The University of Pittsburgh experience of multimodality treatment of pAVMs is presented.METHODSThe authors conducted a retrospective cohort study examining 212 patients with pAVM presenting to the University of Pittsburgh between 1988 and 2018, during which patients had access to surgical, endovascular, and radiosurgical options. Univariate analysis was performed comparing good and poor outcomes. A poor outcome was defined as a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score of ≥ 3. Multivariate analysis via logistic regression was performed on appropriate variables with a p value of ≤ 0.2. Seventy-five percent of the cohort had at least 3 years of follow-up.RESULTSFive patients (2.4%) did not receive any intervention, 131 (61.8%) had GKRS alone, 14 (6.6%) had craniotomies alone, and 2 (0.9%) had embolization alone. Twenty-two (10.4%) had embolization and Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS); 20 (9.4%) had craniotomies and GKRS; 8 (3.8%) had embolization and craniotomies; and 10 (4.7%) had embolization, craniotomies, and GKRS. Thirty-one patients (14.6%) were found to have poor outcome on follow-up. The multivariate analysis performed in patients with poor outcomes was notable for associations with no treatment (OR 18.9, p = 0.02), hemorrhage requiring craniotomy for decompression alone (OR 6, p = 0.03), preoperative mRS score (OR 2.1, p = 0.004), and Spetzler-Martin score (OR 1.8, p = 0.0005). The mean follow-up was 79.7 ± 62.1 months. The confirmed radiographic obliteration rate was 79.4% and there were 5 recurrences found on average 9.5 years after treatment.CONCLUSIONSHigh rates of long-term functional independence (mRS score of ≤ 2) can be achieved with comprehensive multimodality treatment of pAVMs. At this center there was no difference in outcome based on treatment choice when accounting for factors such as Spetzler-Martin grade and presenting morbidity. Recurrences are rare but frequently occur years after treatment, emphasizing the need for long-term screening after obliteration.
Effect of Peripheral Insulin Administration on Phosphorylation of Tau in the Brain
Authors: Jiang Yanli , Li Longfei , Dai Chun-Ling , Zhou Ranran , Gong Cheng-Xin , Iqbal Khalid , Gu Jin-Hua , Liu Fei 
Published: May 2020

Background: Abnormally hyperphosphorylated tau is the major protein of neurofibrillary tangles in Alzheimer’s disease. Insulin activates PI3K-AKT signaling and regulates tau phosphorylation. Impaired brain insulin signaling is involved in Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis. However, the effect of peripheral insulin on tau phosphorylation is controversial. Objective: In the present study, we determined the effect of peripheral insulin administration on tau phosphorylation in brain. Methods: We intraperitoneally injected a super physiological dose of insulin to mice and analyzed PI3K-AKT signaling and tau phosphorylation in brains by western blots. Results: We found that peripherally administered insulin activated the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway immediately in the liver, but not in the brain. Tau phosphorylation in the mouse brain was found to be first decreased (15 min) and then increased (30 min and 60 min) after peripheral insulin administration and these changes correlated inversely with body temperature and the level of brain protein O-GlcNAcylation. Maintaining body temperature of mice post peripheral insulin administration prevented the insulin/hypoglycemia-induced tau hyperphosphorylation after peripheral insulin administration. Conclusion: These findings suggest that peripheral insulin can induce tau hyperphosphorylation through both hypothermia and downregulation of brain protein O-GlcNAcylation during hypoglycemia.
Development of high intensity neutron source at the European Spallation Source
Authors: Santoro V. , Andersen K.H. , DiJulio D.D. , Klinkby E.B. , Miller T.M. , Milstead D. , Muhrer G. , Strobl M. , Takibayev A. , Zanini L. , Zimmer O. 
Published: May 2020

The European Spallation Source being constructed in Lund, Sweden will provide the user community with a neutron source of unprecedented brightness. By 2025, a suite of 15 instruments will be served by a high-brightness moderator system placed above the spallation target. The ESS infrastructure, consisting of the proton linac, the target station, and the instrument halls, allows for implementation of a second source below the spallation target. We propose to develop a second neutron source with a high-intensity moderator able to (1) deliver a larger total cold neutron flux, (2) provide high intensities at longer wavelengths in the spectral regions of Cold (4–10 Å), Very Cold (10–40 Å), and Ultra Cold (several 100 Å) neutrons, as opposed to Thermal and Cold neutrons delivered by the top moderator. Offering both unprecedented brilliance, flux, and spectral range in a single facility, this upgrade will make ESS the most versatile neutron source in the world and will further strengthen the leadership of Europe in neutron science. The new source will boost several areas of condensed matter research such as imaging and spin-echo, and will provide outstanding opportunities in fundamental physics investigations of the laws of nature at a precision unattainable anywhere else. At the heart of the proposed system is a volumetric liquid deuterium moderator. Based on proven technology, its performance will be optimized in a detailed engineering study. This moderator will be complemented by secondary sources to provide intense beams of Very- and Ultra-Cold Neutrons.
Çalışanların Fiziksel Aktivite Düzeyi ile Saldırganlık Düzeyi Arasındaki İlişki: Afyonkarahisar’da Bir Uygulama
Authors: AKSOY Kübra 
Published: May 2020

Bu çalışmanın
amacı; Afyonkarahisar ilinde çalışan bireylerin fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri ile
saldırganlık düzeylerini tespit edip, fiziksel aktivite düzeyi ile saldırganlık
düzeyi arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemektir. Araştırmanın örneklem grubu 94 kadın,
158 erkek toplam 252 bireyden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama yöntemi
olarak ölçek tekniğinden faydalanılmıştır. Ölçekte, Craig ve ark. (2003) tarafından geliştirilen
FADA ölçeği ve Türkçe geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması Madran (2013) tarafından yapılmış Buss-Perry saldırganlık ölçeği yer almıştır. Elde
edilen verilerin SPSS programında istatistiksel analizi yapılmıştır.
İstatistiksel analizlerde tanımlayıcı istatistikler, Mann-Whitney U testi ve Kruskal-Wallis testleri uygulanmıştır. Yapılan bu
araştırmada çalışan bireylerin genel olarak fiziksel aktivite ve saldırganlık
düzeylerinin düşük olduğu, çalışan bireylerin toplam çalışma saatleri ile
fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri arasında anlamlı bir farklılık olmadığı, ancak
saldırganlık düzeyleri arasında anlamlı farklılık olduğu; medeni
durumun da çalışan bireylerin fiziksel aktivite ve saldırganlık
düzeylerinde anlamlı farklılık oluşturduğu belirlenmiştir. Çalışan
bireylerin fiziksel aktivite düzeyi ile saldırganlık düzeyi arasında anlamlı
bir ilişkinin olmadığı tespit edilmiştir.
KAJIAN PERKEMBANGAN ARSITEKTUR POSTMODERN PADA BANGUNAN KOTA MEDAN
Authors: Br Ginting Yeshi Ulina Utami , Pane Imam Faisal 
Published: May 2020

Architecture is kind of culture product and civilization in form as a building. Beside the main function as an activities for user, architecture is a result of creativity, taste and human initiative in response from socio-cultural condition in a locality community. Post-modern is an architectural style that mixed tradition with the past, and rising style of architectural regionalism. Based on this style, the shape of building fully released and handed over to local architects. To express themselves and be creative on the shape and contents of the building at the regional point they stand. Based on backround, this study will examine is there a building in Medan which responds to the development of post-modern architecture. This study case is based on a literature study with methods such as inventory, descriptive, analysis and interpretation. The results showed that the post-modern architectural concept evolved and applied to new buildings in Medan.
HAKIKAT PERJANJIAN REKLAMASI PANTAI ANTARA INVESTOR DENGAN PEMERINTAH PROVINSI SULAWESI SELATAN
Authors: Saputra Asbudi Dwi 
Published: May 2020

Itself the reclamation agreement between the Government of South Sulawesi province with investors have not materialized as it should be, because in the reclamation agreement has ignored the principles in contract law and the terms of a legal contract. There are discrepancies in the legislation between Article 8 of the Regulation of the Minister of Marine and Fisheries of the Republic of Indonesia Number 28 / Candy-Kp / 2014 concerning the licensing of reclamation in coastal regions and small islands with Presidential Decree No. 122 of 2012 on reclamation in coastal regions and small islands and Act No. 23 of 2014 on local government authority to permit the location of the reclamation.
AbstrakPerjanjian reklamasi itu sendiri antara Pemerintah Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan dengan investor belum terwujud sebagaimana mestinya, karena dalam perjanjian reklamasi telah mengabaikan prinsip-prinsip dalam hukum kontrak dan ketentuan-ketentuan kontrak hukum. Ada perbedaan dalam undang-undang antara Pasal 8 Peraturan Menteri Kelautan dan Perikanan Republik Indonesia Nomor 28 / Candy-Kp / 2014 tentang perizinan reklamasi di wilayah pesisir dan pulau-pulau kecil dengan Keputusan Presiden No. 122 dari 2012 tentang reklamasi di wilayah pesisir dan pulau-pulau kecil dan Undang-Undang No. 23 tahun 2014 tentang otoritas pemerintah daerah untuk mengizinkan lokasi reklamasi.
POLITIK HUKUM PEMBENTUKAN PERATURAN DAERAH TENTANG ANGGARAN PENDAPATAN DAN BELANJA DAERAH
Authors: Mukti Mukti 
Published: May 2020

Establishment Law Politics Regional Regulation on APBD essentially includes local policies that are planned to be implemented in the framework of the public welfare. Regulation formation of local regulations on the budget, in its development, has experienced a shift towards the better. Political law establishment of regional regulation on APBD ideal, if the Regional Regulation on the budget in accordance with the nature of the formation of regional regulations, in accordance with the hierarchy of legislation in Indonesia, in accordance with the principle of the establishment and the principles of the substance of the legislation, and made through the stages of formation Local regulation.
AbstrakHukum Pembentukan Politik Peraturan Daerah tentang APBD pada dasarnya mencakup kebijakan lokal yang direncanakan untuk dilaksanakan dalam rangka kesejahteraan masyarakat. Regulasi pembentukan peraturan daerah tentang anggaran, dalam perkembangannya telah mengalami pergeseran menuju yang lebih baik. Pembentukan undang-undang politik tentang peraturan daerah tentang APBD ideal, jika Peraturan Daerah tentang anggaran sesuai dengan sifat pembentukan peraturan daerah, sesuai dengan hierarki peraturan perundang-undangan di Indonesia, sesuai dengan prinsip pembentukan dan prinsip-prinsip dari substansi legislasi, dan dibuat melalui tahapan pembentukan Peraturan Daerah.
ANALISIS YURIDIS TERHADAP PUTUSAN PENGADILAN NEGERI TAKALAR NOMOR : 92/PID.B/2015/PN.TKA DALAM PERKARA PEMBUNUHAN BERENCANA DI KABUPATEN TAKALAR
Authors: Akbar Akbar 
Published: May 2020

Judge Consideration in Decision No. 92 / Pid.B / 2015 / PN.Tka is not in accordance with the applicable law, because the judge has not been able to properly assess the facts in the trial. In addition, the application of material law by the judges who passed the decision against Defendant I and Defendant II Article 340 of the Criminal Code in Article 55 paragraph (1) of the Criminal Code is not appropriate, because the elements in the article have not been fulfilled in its entirety.
AbstrakPertimbangan Hakim dalam Putusan No. 92 / Pid.B / 2015 / PN.Tka tidak sesuai dengan hukum yang berlaku, karena hakim belum dapat menilai dengan baik fakta-fakta dalam persidangan. Selain itu, penerapan hukum materiil oleh hakim yang mengeluarkan putusan terhadap Tergugat I dan Tergugat II Pasal 340 KUHP dalam Pasal 55 ayat (1) KUHP tidak tepat, karena unsur-unsur dalam pasal tersebut belum telah terpenuhi secara keseluruhan.

Kata kunci: Keputusan; Hakim; Pengadilan;
EFEKTIFITAS PENEGAKAN HUKUM TERHADAP TINDAK PIDANA PENANGKAPAN IKAN YANG MENGGUNAKAN BAHAN PELEDAK DI TAMAN NASIONAL WAKATOBI
Authors: Daeng Halim Isro 
Published: May 2020

Law enforcement on Crime of Fish Catching Using explosives in TNW is still less effective, although it has been handled seriously by law enforcement officers in the form of preventative or repressive measures. This is due to several factors influencing the effectiveness of law enforcement on the crime of fishing using explosives in Waktatobi National Park are legal factors, law enforcement factors, facilities and infrastructure factors, legal awareness factors, and cultural factors.
AbstrakPenegakan hukum tentang Kejahatan Penangkapan Ikan Menggunakan bahan peledak di TNW masih kurang efektif, meskipun telah ditangani secara serius oleh petugas penegak hukum dalam bentuk tindakan pencegahan atau penindasan. Hal ini disebabkan beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi keefektifan penegakan hukum terhadap kejahatan penangkapan ikan menggunakan bahan peledak di Taman Nasional Waktatobi adalah faktor hukum, faktor penegakan hukum, faktor sarana dan prasarana, faktor kesadaran hukum, dan faktor budaya.
EFEKTIFITAS PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP ANAK MELALUI SARANA DIVERSI DALAM SISTEM PERADILAN PIDANA
Authors: Chaidir Makkarannu Ismu 
Published: May 2020

The application of diversion as a form of settlement of child crime through restorative justice approach done in Makassar is less effective, as a result of various factors that influence both externally and internally namely: lack of investigators, prosecutors and judges who are certified specifically to solve the problem of crime by the Children, lack of understanding about diversity, less effective law enforcement, limited economic conditions for the children's family, and poor social environment.
AbstrakPenerapan pengalihan sebagai bentuk penyelesaian kejahatan anak melalui pendekatan keadilan restoratif yang dilakukan di Makassar kurang efektif, sebagai akibat dari berbagai faktor yang mempengaruhi baik secara eksternal maupun internal yaitu: kurangnya penyidik, jaksa dan hakim yang disertifikasi khusus untuk menyelesaikannya. masalah kejahatan oleh Anak-anak, kurangnya pemahaman tentang keragaman, penegakan hukum yang kurang efektif, kondisi ekonomi yang terbatas untuk keluarga anak-anak, dan lingkungan sosial yang buruk.
EFEKTIVITAS UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 8 TAHUN 1999 TENTANG PERLINDUNGAN KONSUMEN TERHADAP JUAL BELI DENGAN SISTEM TRANSAKSI ELEKTRONIK (E-COMMERCE)
Authors: Akbar Hamsah Muhajir 
Published: May 2020

Legal protection to consumers by BPSK through means of mediation or conciliation or arbitration is made on the choice and consent of the parties concerned. Consumer dispute resolution is not a gradual dispute resolution process. Factors affecting the process of providing legal protection to the sale and purchase through electronic transactions are legal factors that still weaken the parties, especially the consumer, the requirement of the agreement in Article 1320 of the Civil Code can not be fulfilled in full, especially the matter of proficiency. The activities of the cyberspace can not be approached by conventional law size and classification alone, because if this method is taken too much difficulty and passes the enforcement of the law.
AbstrakPerlindungan hukum kepada konsumen oleh BPSK melalui mediasi atau konsiliasi atau arbitrasi dilakukan berdasarkan pilihan dan persetujuan dari pihak-pihak terkait. Resolusi perselisihan konsumen bukanlah proses penyelesaian perselisihan bertahap. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi proses pemberian perlindungan hukum terhadap jual beli melalui transaksi elektronik adalah faktor hukum yang masih melemahkan para pihak, terutama konsumen, persyaratan perjanjian dalam Pasal 1320 KUHPerdata tidak dapat dipenuhi secara penuh, terutama soal kemahiran. Kegiatan dunia maya tidak dapat didekati dengan ukuran hukum konvensional dan klasifikasi saja, karena jika metode ini diambil terlalu banyak kesulitan dan melewati penegakan hukum.
BIMBINGAN TEKNIS PENGELOLAAN KEUANGAN BADAN USAHA MILIK DESA
Authors: Naswar Naswar , Yunus Wahid Muhammad , Aminuddin Aminuddin , Bachri Syamsul , Yunus Wahid Muhammad , Arie Marthen , Zulfan Hakim Muhammad 
Published: May 2020

Congko Village is one of the villages in the district of Marioriwawo, Soppeng District. In terms of its formation, this village is a unit of government known as 'local self-government', the village formed or formed supra village government. BUMDes is obliged to make the financial statements of all BUM Desa business units every month honestly and transparently. In addition, BUMDes is also required to report the progress of BUM Desa business units to village communities through village meetings at least twice a year. BUMDes must perform systematically written records or bookkeeping of daily transactions. Listing recording generally uses an accounting system. The function of accounting is to present financial information to internal and external parties and as a basis for making decisions. BUMDes internal party is the manager and the Board of Commissioners, while the external parties are district governments, banks, and communities that provide equity, as well as tax officials.
AbstrakDesa Congko adalah salah satu desa di distrik Marioriwawo, Distrik Soppeng. Dalam hal pembentukannya, desa ini adalah unit pemerintahan yang dikenal sebagai 'pemerintahan sendiri lokal', desa yang membentuk atau membentuk pemerintahan desa supra. BUMDes wajib membuat laporan keuangan semua unit usaha BUM Desa setiap bulan secara jujur ​​dan transparan. Selain itu, BUMDes juga diharuskan melaporkan perkembangan unit bisnis BUM Desa kepada masyarakat desa melalui pertemuan desa setidaknya dua kali setahun. BUMDes harus melakukan catatan tertulis secara sistematis atau pembukuan transaksi harian. Pencatatan listing umumnya menggunakan sistem akuntansi. Fungsi akuntansi adalah untuk menyajikan informasi keuangan kepada pihak internal dan eksternal dan sebagai dasar untuk membuat keputusan. Pihak internal BUMDes adalah manajer dan Dewan Komisaris, sedangkan pihak eksternal adalah pemerintah kabupaten, bank, dan masyarakat yang menyediakan ekuitas, serta pejabat pajak.
Caracterización de la hemoglobina glucosilada A1c en embarazas sanas
Authors: Arencibia Fundora Yamilé , Piloto Rivera Ignacio , Gonzáles Paneque Arcelia , Bello Ferro Merien 
Published: May 2020

Introducción: en embarazadas con diabetes mellitus pregestacional (tipo 1 o 2) y gestacional la determinación de la hemoglobina glucosilada tiene particular importancia pues se ha visto su valor correlacional con el desarrollo de complicaciones maternas y fetales.
Objetivo: caracterizar la hemoglobina glucosilada en los diferentes trimestres del embarazo.
Métodos: estudio observacional analítico transversal en el Hospital Ginecobstétrico «Manuel Fajardo» durante el segundo semestre del año 2016 a 100 embarazas sanas que asistieron al control prenatal; y un grupo control de 150 mujeres sanas no embarazadas mayores de 17 años en la población correspondiente al municipio Güines las que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Se realizó determinaciones de hemoglobina glucosilada y glicemia en ayunas.
Resultados: las embarazadas sanas el promedio de hemoglobina glucosilada fue menor que en las no gestante respectivamente 4.50 % (4.41- 4.49) contra 5.21 % (5.16-5.26), P<0,001. En el grupo de embarazada sanas la hemoglobina glucosilada aumentó con el trimestre del embarazo p<0,05, primer trimestre: 4.35 (4.20 4.47), segundo trimestre: 4.58 (4.45 4.70), tercer trimestre: 4.61 (4.14 5.08).
Conclusiones: durante el embarazo el porcentaje de Hb A1c aumenta con el trimestre del embarazo, por lo que es importante determinar su valor de referencia para un mejor control metabólico de las gestantes.