bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Novel Method to Purposely Modify the Anode/Electrolyte Interface in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
Authors: Zhao Jie , Xu Xiaoyong , Zhou Wei , Zhu Zhonghua , Guo Yu , Zhong Shenglai 
Published: December 2019

AbstractA novel method is proposed to modify the Ni‐yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) anode/electrolyte interface with Ni‐Sm0.2Ce0.8O2‐δ (SDC) or SDC composite particles. Scanning electron microscopy results confirm that nano‐sized NiO‐SDC particles are only loaded at the anode/electrolyte interface rather than the whole NiO‐YSZ support. With the addition of the Ni‐SDC composite, the peak power density of the Ni‐YSZ anode increases by 24.7% and 18.8% in wet hydrogen and methane at 750 °C, respectively. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy results show that these improvements are attributed to the promotion of charge transfer and gas diffusion with the addition of the Ni‐SDC composite. Substituting the Ni‐SDC composite with pure SDC can further improve the electroactivity of the Ni‐YSZ anode. The peak power density of the single cell with the Ni‐YSZ/SDC anode rises by 41.7% and 43.4% compared with that of the Ni‐YSZ anode in wet hydrogen and methane at 750 °C, respectively.
New insight into the modification of pore structure in porous ceramics prepared from fly ash rich in CaO
Authors: Qi Zhongwei , Zhang Lingling , Jiang Feng , Li Yongliang , Cang Daqiang , Jin Hui , Wang Chenxi , Wu Wentong , Qian Wentao , Mukiza Emile 
Published: December 2019

AbstractPorous ceramics with high open porosity and good mechanical properties were successfully prepared from fly ash rich in CaO. An addition of 30–50wt.% dolomite decreased the average pore diameter from ∼11.79 μm to ∼2.82μm due to the decrease of viscosity with high dolomite addition, while there is an increase in open porosity from 48.63% to 53.23%. SEM results suggested that pores were firstly surrounded by glassy phase. With the addition of more than 30 wt.% of dolomite, pores were covered by loose structure. XRD results showed the changes in crystal phases of sintered ceramics, from anorthite sodian to alkaline basalt and then to calcium magnesium silicate. CaO and MgO from decomposed dolomite were proposed to be the main reason on modification closed pores to open ones. Except this, CO2 emission and crystalline water emission during sintering were also contributed to the formation of open pores in porous ceramics.
Low concentrations of sodium arsenite induce hepatotoxicity in prepubertal male rats
Authors: Samelo Ricardo R. , da Cunha de Medeiros Paloma , de Carvalho Cavalcante Deborah N. , Aranha Maria L. G. , Duarte Fabio A. , de Castro Ítalo B. , Ribeiro Daniel A. , Perobelli Juliana E. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractArsenic (As) can contaminate air, soil, water, and organisms through mobilization of natural mineralogical deposits or anthropogenic actions. Inorganic‐As compounds are more toxic and widely available in aquatic environments, including drinking water reservoir catchments. Since little is known about its effects on prepubertal mammals, the present study focused on it. Hence, As was administered through drinking water to male Wistar rats from postnatal day 23 to 53. Negative control group received vehicle only (filtered water); As 1 group received AsNaO2 at 0.01 mg L−1 and As2 group received AsNaO2 at 10 mg L−1. It was investigated hepatic and renal toxicity of AsNaO2 (ie, histopathology and apoptosis analysis), as well as its mutagenicity (ie, micronucleus test in liver and bone marrow), cytotoxicity (ie, frequency and type of erythrocytes in blood), and genotoxicity (ie, comet assay in blood). Also, As determination was performed in hepatic and renal tissues. Data obtained revealed that immature organisms present a pattern of arsenic accumulation similar to that observed in adults, suggesting similarity in metabolic processes. In addition, liver showed to be an important target tissue for As toxicity in these experimental conditions, exhibiting infiltrate of defense cells, DNA damages, and increased apoptosis rates.
Expression, purification, and characterization of N‐acetylglucosaminylphosphatidylinositol de‐N‐acetylase (ScGpi12), the enzyme that catalyses the second step of GPI biosynthesis in S. cerevisiae
Authors: Chandraker Anupriya , Komath Sneha Sudha 
Published: December 2019

AbstractScGpi12 is a 304 amino residue long endoplasmic reticulum membrane protein, which participates in the de‐N‐acetylation of N‐acetylglucosaminyl phosphatidylinositol to produce glucosaminyl phosphatidylinositol in the second step of GPI anchor biosynthesis pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. ScGpi12 was cloned in a pMAL‐c2x vector and expressed heterologously in Rosetta‐gami (DE3) strain of E. coli. Affinity purification of the protein yielded low amounts of the MBP‐tagged enzyme, which was active. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first successful purification of full‐length Gpi12 enzyme, without the accompanying GroEL that was seen in other studies. The presence of the tag did not greatly alter the activity of the enzyme. ScGpi12 was optimally active in the pH range of 6.5–8.5 and at 30 °C. It was not sensitive to treatment with EDTA but was stimulated by multiple divalent cations. The divalent cation did not alter the pH profile of the enzyme, suggesting no role of the divalent metal in creating a nucleophile for catalysis. Divalent cations did, however, enhance the turnover number of the enzyme for its substrate, suggesting that they are probably required for the production of a catalytically competent active site by bringing the active site residues within optimum distance of the substrate for catalysis.
A novel motion-model-free UWB short-range positioning method
Authors: Ayoobi Navid , Ghavami Mohammad , Rabiei Amir Masoud 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn recent years, the number of location-based services is increasing and consequently, the researchers’ attentions are captivated in designing accurate real-time positioning systems. Despite having a good performance in outdoor environment, global positioning system is not capable of estimating an object’s position in an indoor environment precisely. In this paper, we present a novel tracking algorithm for indoor environment with a known floor plan. The object location is estimated by utilizing the information of the multipath components which are created by one physical and some virtual anchors. We will link this information to the floor plan by defining a channel model that has a combination of stochastic and deterministic traits. As we have used only one physical anchor in this paper, we would encounter several challenges such as lack of data association and existence of clutters amid real data. We dealt with these problems through random finite set methodology. Additionally, we will demonstrate that the proposed method is not restricted by the model of the motion and is capable to precisely track the trajectory. It will be shown that it provides a better accuracy, particularly in nonlinear trajectories, compared with two other relevant models which are adopting linear motion model.
Effect of essential oils on cattle gastrointestinal nematodes assessed by egg hatch, larval migration and mortality testing
Authors: Saha S. , Lachance S. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe efficacy of eight essential oils (EOs) (Solidago canadensis,Eucalyptus globulus,Pelargonium asperum,Ocimum basilicum,Thymus vulgaris,Mentha piperita,Cymbopogon citratusandCymbopogon martinii) against gastrointestinal nematodes (GINs) was evaluated using eggs collected from naturally infected cattle and cultured infective larvae (L3). The larvae species cultured from the faecal samples and subjected to twoin vitrotests wereHaemonchusspp. (55.5%),Trichostrongylusspp. (28.0%),Cooperiaspp. (15.0%) andOesophagostomumspp. (1.5%). The genus of EOCymbopogon(C. citratusandC. martinii) showed the highest anthelmintic activity at the dose of 8.75 mg/ml, for the egg hatch, the larval migration and mortality assays. All of the EOs tested reduced egg hatching to rates <19.0%, compared to the controls (water and water + Tween 20) that had rates >92.0%.Cymbopogon citratusandC. martiniitreatments resulted in 11.6 and 8.1% egg hatch, had the lowest migration of larvae through sieves, 60.5 and 54.9%, and the highest mortality rates, 63.3 and 56.3%, respectively. Dose–response tests showed that EO fromC. citratushad the lowest larval LC50and migration inhibition concentration (IC50) values of 3.89 and 7.19 mg/ml, respectively, compared to two other EOs (C. martiniiandO. basilicum). The results suggest that EOs from the genusCymbopogoncan be interesting candidates for nematode control in cattle, although it may prove challenging to deliver concentrations to the gastrointestinal tract sufficient to effectively manage GINs.
Differential DAMP release was observed in the sputum of COPD, asthma and asthma-COPD overlap (ACO) patients
Authors: Huang Xiaolin , Tan Xiaoyu , Liang Yue , Hou Changchun , Qu Dongming , Li Mengze , Huang Qinghua 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAsthma-COPD overlap (ACO) has been under intensive focus; however, the levels of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) that can activate the innate and adaptive immune responses of ACO are unknown. The present study aimed to examine the levels of some DAMPs in asthma, COPD, and ACO and to identify the associations between clinical characteristics and DAMPs in ACO. Sputum from subjects with asthma (n = 87) or COPD (n = 73) and ACO (n = 68) or from smokers (n = 62) and never-smokers (n = 62) was analyzed for high mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1), heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), LL-37, S100A8, and galectin-3 (Gal-3). The concentration of HMGB1, HSP70, LL-37, and S100A8 proteins in sputum from ACO patients was significantly elevated, whereas that of Gal-3 was reduced, compared to that of smokers and never-smokers. The levels of HMGB1 and Gal-3 proteins in ACO patients were elevated compared to those in asthma patients. The sputum from ACO patients showed an increase in the levels of LL-37 and S100A8 proteins compared to that of asthma patients, whereas the levels decreased compared to those of COPD patients. The concentrations of HMGB1, HSP70, LL-37, and S100A8 proteins in the sputum of 352 participants were negatively correlated, whereas the levels of Gal-3 were positively correlated, with FEV1, FEV1%pred, and FEV1/FVC. Sputum HMGB1 had a high AUC of the ROC curve while distinguishing ACO patients from asthma patients. Meanwhile, sputum LL-37 had a high AUC of the ROC curve in differentiating asthma and COPD. The release of sputum DAMPs in ACO may be involved in chronic airway inflammation in ACO; the sputum HMGB1 level might serve as a valuable biomarker for distinguishing ACO from asthma, and the sputum LL-37 level might be a biomarker for differentiating asthma and COPD.
Highly effective photon-to-cooling thermal device
Authors: Tian Yanpei , Qian Lijuan , Liu Xiaojie , Ghanekar Alok , Xiao Gang , Zheng Yi 
Published: December 2019

AbstractPhoton-to-cooling phenomenon relies on the atmospheric transparency window to dissipate heat from the earth into outer space, which is an energy-saving cooling technique. This work demonstrates a highly effective aluminized Polymethylpentene (PMP) thin-film thermal structure. The emissivity of aluminized PMP thin films matches well to the atmospheric transparency window so as to minimize parasitic heat losses. This photon-to-cooling structure yields a temperature drop of 8.5 K in comparison to the ambient temperature and a corresponding radiative cooling power of 193 W/m2 during a one-day cycle. The easy-to-manufacture feature of an aluminized PMP thin film makes it a practically scalable radiative cooling method.
Low-threshold Sheet Optical Parametric Oscillator by Triply-resonant Cavity Phase Matching
Authors: Wei Xing , Lv Xinjie , Zhu ShiNing 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMicrocavity laser represents a novel type of integrated platform potentially allowing low-threshold and high-efficiency lasing behavior. Phase matching is a key parameter to achieve efficient lasing processes. Here we report a study on a triply-resonant phase-matching process in a sheet optical parametric oscillator. The oscillator contains an x-cut KTiOPO4 crystal, and the triply-resonant phase-matching was achieved by temperature tuning of the cavity. The measured oscillation threshold is as low as 13 μJ at 243.6 °C temperature along with a slope efficiency of 17.5% at 65.3 °C. Experimental results show that under some temperatures, triply-resonant sheet optical parametric oscillator can realize a limited number of longitudinal modes (n ≤ 3). Our results represent the first observation of triply-resonant phase-matching process in an on-chip optical parametric oscillator, opening up the possibilities on future applications including quantum chips, vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers and narrow-band two-photon sources.
Dynamic performance simulation and control of an aeroengine by using NARX models
Authors: De Giorgi Maria Grazia , Ficarella Antonio , Quarta Marco 
Published: December 2019

Dynamic aeroengine model plays a key role in the design of engine control systems. Moreover, modelling of the engine using performance simulations is an important step in the design process in order to reduce costs, decrease risks and shortening development period. Parameters such as engine spool speeds, vibration, oil temperature, exhaust gas temperature, and fuel flow are often used to estimate performance in gas turbine engines. In this study, two artificial neural network methods were used for the prediction, under transient operations, of one of the most important engine parameters, the Exhaust Gas Temperature (EGT).
The data used for model training are time series datasets of several different flight missions, which have been created using a gas path analysis, and that allow to simulate the engine transient behaviour. The study faces the challenge of setting up a robust and reliable Nonlinear Input-Output (NIO) and a Nonlinear AutoRegressive with eXog nous inputs (NARX) models, by means of a good selection of training.
At the end of the study, two network that predicts the engine EGT in transient operations with the smallest error have been identified.
Linked Data Architecture for Assistance and Traceability in Smart Manufacturing
Authors: Friedemann Marko , Wenzel Ken , Singer Adrian 
Published: December 2019

Traceability systems and digital assistance solutions are becoming increasingly vital parts of modern manufacturing environments. They help tracking quality-related information throughout the production process and support workers and maintenance personnel to cope with the increasing complexity of manufacturing technologies. In order to support these use cases, the integration of information from different data sources is required to create the necessary insights into processes, equipment and production quality.
Common challenges for such integration scenarios are the various data formats, encodings and software interfaces that are involved in the acquisition, transmission, management and retrieval of relevant product and process data.
This paper proposes a Linked Data based system architecture for modular and decoupled assistance software. Its web-oriented approach allows to connect two usually disparate data sets: semantic descriptions of complex production systems on the one hand and high-volume and high-velocity production data on the other hand. The proposed concept is illustrated with a typical example from the manufacturing domain. The described End-of-Line quality assessment on forming machines is used for traceability and product monitoring.
Plötzlicher, unerwarteter Tod bei Epilepsie
Authors: Nass Robert Daniel , Surges Rainer 
Published: December 2019

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDer plötzliche, unerwartete Tod eines Menschen mit Epilepsie wird mit dem englischen Akronym SUDEP bezeichnet (sudden unexpected death in epilepsy). Etwa einer von 1000 Epilepsiepatienten stirbt hieran, vor allem jene mit häufigeren nächtlichen generalisierten konvulsiven Anfällen. Die Mehrzahl der SUDEP-Fälle ist durch postiktuale Störungen der Atem- und Kreislauffunktion mit primärer zentraler Apnoe und sekundärer Asystolie verursacht. Die beteiligten zellulären Pathomechanismen sind jedoch noch ungeklärt. Die Aufklärung aller Patienten und Angehörigen wird durch angloamerikanische Fachgesellschaften empfohlen und von den meisten auch gewünscht. Entscheidend für die Prävention ist eine konsequente Anfallskontrolle. Zudem kann eine nächtliche Supervision das Risiko für SUDEP relevant mindern, dafür stehen klinisch geprüfte alltagstaugliche Anfallsdetektionssysteme zur Verfügung.
Bildgebung bei Epilepsie
Authors: Marquetand Justus , Bender Benjamin , Focke Niels K 
Published: December 2019

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGIn der Diagnostik der Epilepsien sind bildgebende Verfahren ein wesentlicher Bestandteil. Neben bildgebender Notfalldiagnostik und verschiedener MRT-Protokolle nach erstmaligem epileptischem Anfall werden häufige epileptogene Läsionen und deren bildgebende Charakteristika dargestellt. Darüber hinaus werden bildgebende Verfahren (VBM, DTI, Quellenlokalisation, nuklearmedizinische Verfahren, etc.) erläutert und deren Nutzen in der prächirurgischen Epilepsiediagnostik aufgezeigt.In diesem Übersichtsartikel wollen wir einen Überblick über das wachsende Feld der bildgebenden Verfahren bei Epilepsie und klinisch relevante neue Entwicklungen geben.
Monsters and near-death experiences in Eric McCormack’s First Blast of the Trumpet Against the Monstrous Regiment of Women
Authors: Kuester Martin 
Published: December 2019

AbstractFollowing Linda Hutcheon’s definition of parody as “repetition with a difference”, this essay exposes how a contemporary Canadian novel parodically responds to seminal Early Modern English pre-texts. Eric McCormack is not only a Canadian postmodernist (and postcolonial) writer born in Scotland but also a specialist in Early Modern English literature and thus an ideal representative of the intertextual situation of Canadian writing between literary tradition and the challenges of postmodern/postcolonial writing. The essay interprets McCormack’s sexual gothic novel First Blast of the Trumpet Against the Monstrous Regiment of Women discussing the way in which a literal or even literalist—rather than metaphorical—interpretation of literary and religious texts of the Early Modern period can make an important and sometimes harrowing difference in the lives of somewhat unsophisticated literary characters. McCormack’s ominously named character Andrew Halfnight literally interprets religious and literary texts he sees as signposts and guidelines of his personal behavior, thus showing how a literal interpretation of “canonical” texts limits the character’s ability to lead a self-determined happy life. The texts he refers to include the pamphlet The First Blast of the Trumpet Against the Monstrous Regiment of Women by Scottish reformer John Knox, Robert Burton’s Anatomy of Melancholy and John Milton’s Paradise Lost, and these subtexts are more than challenged through their intertextual transfer into erotic or perhaps even pornographic contexts which probably would have shocked the Early Modern authors (although, for example, Milton was at least not unwilling or unable to include eroticism in his work). Towards the end of the novel, the imagined reversal of the life-giving act of birth turns into a monstrous sexual act, which coincides with the protagonist’s near-death experience in an automobile accident on a snow-covered road in northern Ontario. This experience cum sexual act leads to the “un-birth” or “re-birth” of the novel’s main character into what he takes to be a happier and more fulfilled life in a paradise found or regained in Camberloo, Ontario.
Systematic quantitative analyses reveal the folk-zoological knowledge embedded in folktales
Authors: Nakawake Yo , Sato Kosuke 
Published: December 2019

AbstractResearchers have argued that folktales have the pedagogical function of transmitting adaptive information about the environment. Folk-zoological knowledge, such as the predator-prey relationship among wild animals or the relationships between wild and domesticated animals, is important knowledge for foraging and pastoral societies. Here, we analysed the descriptions of the 382 animal folktales listed in a worldwide tale type index (Aarne-Thompson-Uther type index) using natural language processing (NLP) and descriptive statistics. Our analyses suggested that first, the predator-prey relationship frequently appeared in a co-occurrent animal pair within a folktale (e.g., cat and mouse or wolf and pig), and second, the motif of ‘deception’, describing the antagonistic behaviour among animals, appeared relatively higher in ‘wild and domestic animals’ and ‘wild animals’ than in other types. Furthermore, the motif of ‘deception’ appeared more frequently in pairs, corresponding to the predator-prey relationship. These results corresponded with the hypothesis that the combination of animal characters and what happens in stories represent relationships in the real world. This study makes a new contribution by demonstrating that using a combination of quantitative methods and qualitative data to study folktales broadens our understanding of the evolutionary aspects of human cultures.
Mechanics unlocks the morphogenetic puzzle of interlocking bivalved shells
Authors: Moulton Derek E. , Goriely Alain , Chirat Régis 
Published: December 2019

Significance
A striking feature in bivalved seashells is that the 2 valves fit together perfectly when closed. This trait has evolved in 2 phyla from a common shell-less ancestor and has been described for hundreds of years. While its functional advantage is clear, there is no understanding of how this feature is generated. A mathematical model of the shell growth process explains how geometry and mechanics conspire to generate an interlocking pattern. This model provides a physical explanation for a prominent example of convergent evolution. By showing how variations in the mechanism create a wide variety of morphological trends the model provides insight into how biophysical processes, probably modulated by genetic factors, are manifest across scales to produce a predictable pattern.
Impact of a six weeks training program on postural stability in adolescents
Authors: Christensen Ida Kolind , Sakthivel Sukanya , Paiwand Gillah Sharif , Devantier Louise , Ovesen Therese 
Published: December 2019

Introduction:
The objectives of this study was to evaluate the effect of a six weeks balance training program on postural regulation in healthy adolescents aged 13–16 years.

Methods:
30 pupils from Skåde Skole participated in this study. Subjects were tested for 32 seconds in eight trials (eyes open/eyes closed, on stable ground/foam pads, head neutral/head turned) by using a Tetrax platform before and after completing a six week balance training program.

Results:
The test subjects had statistically significantly lower sway scores in position PC. The same trend was seen for position NC, PO and HR, however, this was not statistically significant. For position NO, HL, HB and HF a non-significant increase in sway value was observed.

Conclusion:
Our results suggest that balance training improves vestibular function since position PC only tests the function of this system.A similar improvement was seen in the subgroup with motion sickness, however, this improvement was not statistically significant.