bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of human and mosquito behaviour in the efficacy of a house-based intervention
Authors: Barreaux Antoine M. G. , Oumbouke Welbeck A. , Brou N'Guessan , Tia Innocent Zran , Ahoua Alou Ludovic P. , Doudou Dimi Théodore , Koffi Alphonsine A. , N'Guessan Raphaël , Sternberg Eleanore D. , Thomas Matthew B. 
Published: December 2020

Housing improvement such as blocking eaves and screening windows can help in reducing exposure to indoor biting mosquitoes. The impacts of physical barriers could potentially be boosted by the addition of a mechanism that kills mosquitoes as they attempt to enter the house. One example is to combine household screening with EaveTubes, which are insecticide-treated tubes inserted into closed eaves that attract and kill host-searching mosquitoes. The epidemiological impact of screening + EaveTubes is being evaluated in a large cluster randomized trial in Cote d'Ivoire. The study presented here is designed as a complement to this trial to help better understand the functional roles of screening and EaveTubes. We began by evaluating householder behaviour and household condition in the study villages. This work revealed that doors (and to some extent windows) were left open for large parts of the evening and morning, and that even houses modified to make them more ‘mosquito proof’ often had possible entry points for mosquitoes. We next built two realistic experimental houses in a village to enable us to explore how these aspects of behaviour and household quality affected the impact of screening and EaveTubes. We found that screening could have a substantial impact on indoor mosquito densities, even with realistic household condition and behaviour. By contrast, EaveTubes had no significant impact on indoor mosquito density, either as a stand-alone intervention or in combination with screening. However, there was evidence that mosquitoes recruited to the EaveTubes, and the resulting mortality could create a community benefit. These complementary modes of action of screening and EaveTubes support the rationale of combining the technologies to create a ‘Lethal House Lure’.
This article is part of the theme issue ‘Novel control strategies for mosquito-borne diseases’.
Māori and Pacific People in New Zealand have higher risk of hospitalisation for COVID-19
Authors: Steyn Nicholas , Binny Rachelle N. , Hannah Kate , Hendy Shaun C. , James Alex , Lustig Audrey , Ridings Kannan , Plank Michael J. , Sporle Andrew 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAimsWe aim to quantify differences in clinical outcomes from COVID-19 infection in Aotearoa New Zealand by ethnicity with a focus on risk of hospitalisation.MethodsWe used data on age, ethnicity, deprivation index, pre-existing health conditions, and clinical outcomes on 1,829 COVID-19 cases reported in New Zealand. We used a logistic regression model to calculate odds ratios for the risk of hospitalisation by ethnicity. We also consider length of hospital stay and risk of fatality.ResultsMāori have 2.50 times greater odds of hospitalisation (95% CI 1.39 – 4.51) than non-Māori, non-Pacific people, after controlling for age and pre-existing conditions. Pacific people have 3 times greater odds (95% CI 1.75 – 5.33).ConclusionsStructural inequities and systemic racism in the healthcare system mean that Māori and Pacific communities face a much greater health burden from COVID-19. Older people and those with pre-existing health conditions are also at greater risk. This should inform future policy decisions including prioritising groups for vaccination.
Functional dissection of neural circuitry using a genetic reporter for fMRI
Authors: Ghosh Souparno , Li Nan , Bartelle Benjamin B. , Xie Tianshu , Daher Jade I. , Singh Urvashi D. , Xie Katherine , DiNapoli Nicholas , Evans Nicholas B. , Chung Kwanghun , Jasanoff Alan 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACTThe complex connectivity of the mammalian brain underlies its function, but understanding how interconnected brain regions interact in neural processing remains a formidable challenge. Here we address this problem by introducing a genetic probe that permits selective functional imaging of neural circuit elements defined by their synaptic interrelationships throughout the brain. The probe is an engineered enzyme that transduces cytosolic calcium dynamics of probe-expressing cells into localized hemodynamic responses that can be selectively visualized by functional magnetic resonance imaging. Using a viral vector that undergoes retrograde transport, we apply the probe to characterize a brain-wide network of monosynaptic inputs to the striatum activated in a deep brain stimulation paradigm in rats. The results reveal engagement of surprisingly diverse projection sources and inform an integrated model of striatal function relevant to reward behavior and therapeutic neurostimulation approaches. Our work thus establishes a potent strategy for mechanistic analysis of distributed neural systems.
Analysis of assembly defects in the cam curved groove mechanism
Authors: Lan Weibin , Fan Shouwen , Fan Shuai 
Published: December 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to propose an elementary approach toward the identification of assembly defects of a cam curved groove mechanism.

Design/methodology/approach
A numerical analysis method for identifying the assembly defects of the cam curved groove mechanism is proposed by resorting to Hertz contact theory. A general mathematical model is established to analyze the kinematic and dynamic characteristics with an interference fit between the main roller and cam curved groove, including the contact points of the external and internal ring.

Findings
The analysis method of the contact point characteristics of the cam curved groove mechanism is given in this paper, and the kinematic and dynamic characteristics of the main roller can be analyzed. The numerical examples presented in this paper are implemented in MATLAB, feasibility and validity of the above algorithm are verified by the finite element method.

Originality/value
Regarding the defects of the interference fit, the findings of this paper can serve as a reference for researchers in reducing the defects in the design process of the cam mechanism.
Determinants of price and revenue for peer-to-peer hosts. The state of the art
Authors: Sainaghi Ruggero 
Published: December 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to explore two research questions. The first focuses on the main methodological characteristics of previous studies in the field of price and revenue research in terms of commercial peer-to-peer accommodation platforms (P2P APs). The second compares the 33 articles and identifies the convergent and divergent findings. The literature review outlines some future research avenues.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper is a literature review that explore the price and revenue determinants in the field of P2P APs (such as Airbnb). The methodology shows how the sample was defined and is based on three steps: selection of papers, sample selection, and coding. The research was carried out in March 2020 and generated an initial sample composed of roughly 3,000 articles. A two-stage inclusion/exclusion process was applied to select the final sample, which includes 33 articles.

Findings
The empirical findings report the main antecedents of price and revenue as well as the methodological domains of the analyzed papers. Focusing on determinants, six blocks of variables were identified. The listing variables (48%), host characteristics (18%), location (12%), guest review (11%), destination characteristics (11%) and external comparison (1%). For each block, convergent and divergent findings are illustrated.

Research limitations/implications
The main limitations of this study relate to the criteria used in selecting the sample and the manual coding activity. This last decision (manual coding activity) was based on the limited number of papers available and the wide spectrum of variables used.

Practical implications
The practical implications are many, and they include a greater awareness of the variables that influence price and revenue as well as the impact that these variables could have on rates. Furthermore, managers interested in analyzing specific topics or variables can find analytical support in the information reported in the appendices.

Originality/value
The evidence provided is useful both for scholars considering further research in this field and for practitioners seeking to define pricing policies. Some future research avenues have been outlined, including new topics for development and methodological advancements.
High-involvement HRM and positive WOM intentions: a mediation model
Authors: Obeidat Ahmad M. 
Published: December 2020

PurposeThis study proposes and tests a conceptual model hypothesizing that perceived high-involvement human resource practices (HIHRPs) influence organizational members’ positive word-of-mouth (PWOM) intentions, via the mediating mechanisms of perceived organizational support (POS) and positive affect (PA).Design/methodology/approachQuestionnaire data were collected from 194 working individuals and were analyzed by using structural equation modeling and the SPSS PROCESS macro.FindingsThe findings of this study are as follows: perceived HIHRPs had a significant positive influence on organizational members’ POS and PA; POS and PA were each significantly and positively related to PWOM intentions; the relation between HIHRPs and PWOM intentions was significantly mediated by POS and significantly mediated by PA; when included in one model, POS and PA together fully mediated the relationship between HIHRPs and PWOM intentions.Originality/valueThis study is one of the first to develop and empirically test a model identifying the HR determinants of personnel’s PWOM intentions, an area overlooked within the human resource management and organizational behavior literature. The study is also the first to examine the mediating effects of POS and PA on the relationship between HIHRPs and PWOM intentions.
Rapid and highly efficient genomic engineering with a novel iEditing device for programming versatile extracellular electron transfer of electroactive bacteria
Authors: Fan Yang‐Yang , Tang Qiang , Li Yang , Li Feng‐He , Wu Jing‐Hang , Li Wen‐Wei , Yu Han‐Qing 
Published: December 2020

SummaryThe advances in synthetic biology bring exciting new opportunities to reprogram microorganisms with novel functionalities for environmental applications. For real‐world applications, a genetic tool that enables genetic engineering in a stably genomic inherited manner is greatly desired. In this work, we design a novel genetic device for rapid and efficient genome engineering based on the intron‐encoded homing‐endonuclease empowered genome editing (iEditing). The iEditing device enables rapid and efficient genome engineering in Shewanella oneidensis MR‐1, the representative strain of the electroactive bacteria group. Moreover, combining with the Red or RecET recombination system, the genome‐editing efficiency was greatly improved, up to approximately 100%. Significantly, the iEditing device itself is eliminated simultaneously when genome editing occurs, thereby requiring no follow‐up to remove the encoding system. Then, we develop a new extracellular electron transfer (EET) engineering strategy by programming the parallel EET systems to enhance versatile EET. The engineered strains exhibit sufficiently enhanced electron output and pollutant reduction ability. Furthermore, this device has demonstrated its great potential to be extended for genome editing in other important microbes. This work provides a useful and efficient tool for the rapid generation of synthetic microorganisms for various environmental applications.
Deceleration area and capacity during labour‐like umbilical cord occlusions identify evolving hypotension: a controlled study in fetal sheep
Authors: Georgieva A , Lear CA , Westgate JA , Kasai M , Miyagi E , Ikeda T , Gunn AJ , Bennet L 
Published: December 2020

ObjectiveCardiotocography is widely used to assess fetal well‐being during labour. The positive predictive value of current clinical algorithms to identify hypoxia‐ischaemia is poor. In experimental studies, fetal hypotension is the strongest predictor of hypoxic‐ischaemic injury. Cohort studies suggest that deceleration area and deceleration capacity of the fetal heart rate trace correlate with fetal acidaemia, but it is not known whether they are indices of fetal arterial hypotension.DesignProspective, controlled study.SettingLaboratory.SampleNear‐term fetal sheep.MethodsOne minute of complete umbilical cord occlusions (UCOs) every 5 minutes (1:5 min, n = 6) or every 2.5 minutes (1:2.5 min, n = 12) for 4 hours or until fetal mean arterial blood pressure fell <20 mmHg.Main outcome measuresDeceleration area and capacity during the UCO series were related to evolving hypotension.ResultsThe 1:5 min group developed only mild metabolic acidaemia, without hypotension. By contrast, 10/12 fetuses in the 1:2.5‐min group progressively developed severe metabolic acidaemia and hypotension, reaching 16.8 ± 0.9 mmHg after 71.2 ± 6.7 UCOs. Deceleration area and capacity remained unchanged throughout the UCO series in the 1:5‐min group, but progressively increased in the 1:2.5‐min group. The severity of hypotension was closely correlated with both deceleration area (P < 0.001, R2 = 0.66, n = 18) and capacity (P < 0.001, R2 = 0.67, n = 18). Deceleration area and capacity predicted development of hypotension at a median of 103 and 123 minutes before the final occlusion, respectively.ConclusionsBoth deceleration area and capacity were strongly associated with developing fetal hypotension, supporting their potential to improve identification of fetuses at risk of hypotension leading to hypoxic‐ischaemic injury during labour.Tweetable abstractDeceleration area and capacity of fetal heart rate identify developing hypotension during labour‐like hypoxia.
Unhealthy geopolitics? Bordering disease in the time of coronavirus
Authors: Cole Jennifer , Dodds Klaus 
Published: December 2020

AbstractCOVID‐19 is highlighting and exposing how public health and geopolitics intersect across spaces, scales, and settings. Existing literature focuses on the geopolitical determinants of health such as the allocation of foreign health‐related assistance in postcolonial spaces and the relationship between population health and the health impacts of exploiting resources for economic benefit. How populist nationalism shapes public reactions to disease has also been documented. There is a popular geopolitical dimension to how COVID‐19 is portrayed—with expertise questioned, conspiracies circulated, lockdowns contested, and mask‐wearing ridiculed. Calls to keep “foreign” pathogens and viruses out of national territory carry with them possibilities for exceptional measures, xenophobic politics, and heightened surveillance on the border and beyond. The place of the World Health Organization (WHO) within global health security remains complicated by the intersection of public health and geopolitical contexts. By using three themes, within and beyond the WHO, we explore how COVID‐19 has been productive of three geopolitical narratives: public health as emblematic of great power rivalries, the bordering of the virus, and the (surgical) facemask as power projection. Our paper concludes with an assessment of how important it is to track and trace the relationship between health and geopolitics.
Community mapping with a public participation geographic information system in informal settlements
Authors: Vergara‐Perucich Francisco , Arias‐Loyola Martin 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis article shows how a public participation geographic information system (PPGIS) may be used as an asset to foster the right to the city. It describes the implementation of one such public participatory process for registering the story of the macrocampamento Los Arenales in Antofagasta, Chile. Specifically, it stresses how a geographic information system can help build collective engagement regarding special policies and urban life. Los Arenales is the largest macrocampamento in Antofagasta, comprising 13 different campamentos and being organised into a political structure aimed to achieve people's right to the city. In the study, a PPGIS process facilitated better comprehension of the shared history and spatial evolution of built and relational environments in Los Arenales. The PPGIS also provided valuable input for planning and decision‐making processes in campamentos in terms of both how to build and organise inhabited spaces and how to conduct external political bargains to ensure the realisation of a collective urban form based on community engagement. In addition, the article considers the experience of applying a PPGIS in a context of extreme socio‐economic scarcity, in which it facilitated people's recognition of their shared urban life on a map. Such insights were fostered by co‐creating data in collaboration with different urban development practitioners.
To treat or not to treat: A rare case of response to pembrolizumab‐based immunotherapy‐chemotherapy in non‐small cell lung cancer with acute liver failure due to multiple bile duct metastases
Authors: Shaforostova Inna , Huss Sebastian , Gerwing Mirjam , Evers Georg , Bleckmann Annalen 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAbout 40% of non‐small lung cancer (NSCLC) patients have metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis. However, metastatic NSCLC in the biliary duct system is extremely rare. A high proportion of patients with acute liver failure due to advanced NSCLC do not receive any treatment due to organ dysfunction or poor performance status. Here, we report a case of successful treatment with chemoimmunotherapy in a young woman with obstructive jaundice and acute hepatic failure due to multiple intrahepatic bile duct metastases.Key pointsSignificant findings of the studyChemotherapy in NSCLC patients with liver failure is a therapeutic challenge. Acute hepatic failure are often exclusion criteria for therapy of NSCLC. Some reports showed a benefit of ICIs plus chemotherapy for NSCLC with liver metastases.What this study addsCombination of ICIs and chemotherapy is effective and safe in critically ill patients with lung cancer and impaired liver function.
Comparison of intravenous ketorolac at three doses for treating renal colic in the emergency department: A noninferiority randomized controlled trial
Authors: Eidinejad Lily , Bahreini Maryam , Ahmadi Ayat , Yazdchi Mahtab , Thiruganasambandamoorthy Venkatesh , Mirfazaelian Hadi 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACTBackgroundKetorolac tromethamine is a nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug (NSAID) that is extensively used for the management of renal colic in the emergency department (ED). It has been proposed that ketorolac is used at doses above its analgesic ceiling with no more advantages and increased risk of adverse effects. In this study, we compared the analgesic effects of three doses of intravenous ketorolac in patients with renal colic.MethodsThis noninferiority, randomized, double‐blind clinical trial evaluated the analgesic efficacy of three doses of intravenous ketorolac (10, 20, and 30 mg) in adult patients presenting to the ED with renal colic. Exclusion criteria consisted of age > 65 years, active peptic ulcer disease, acute gastrointestinal hemorrhage, renal or hepatic insufficiency, NSAID hypersensitivity, pregnancy or breastfeeding, unstable vital signs, and patients who had received analgesics in the past 24 hours. Pain was recorded every 15 minutes from baseline up to 60 minutes, and the primary outcome was pain reduction at 30 minutes. If patients still required additional pain medications at 30 minutes, they would receive 0.1 mg/kg intravenous morphine sulfate as a rescue analgesic.ResultsA total of 165 subjects enrolled in this study, 55 in each group. The median visual analog scale score in 30 minutes was improved from 90 at baseline to 40 among subjects who were randomized to 30‐mg group. This improvement was 40 and 50 mm in 20‐ and 10‐mg ketorolac treatment arms, respectively, with no significant difference between the three doses (p < 0.05). Secondary outcomes showed similar rescue analgesic administration and adverse effects. There was no serious adverse event.ConclusionKetorolac at 10‐, 20‐, and 30‐mg doses can produce similar analgesic efficacy in renal colic.
Tooth shell technique: A proof of concept with the use of autogenous dentin block grafts
Authors: Korsch M 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundAutogenous bone block graft is considered the gold standard for lateral bony defects. Dentin has been identified to be a suitable autogenous bone graft material due to its structural and chemical similarities to the alveolar bone.MethodsThis proof of concept study describes the clinical application of the tooth shell technique in 24 sites with 27 implants of 22 patients. A tooth shell was fixed laterally to the defect with microscrews. Distance between the shell and the residual bone was filled with particulate remnants of the tooth root. Implant was inserted simultaneously. Cone beam computed tomography was done after implant insertion (T1) and 3 months later at time of implant exposure (T2). Target parameters were biological complications and the resorption of hard tissue graft.ResultsEven though a graft exposure occurred in one case (4.5% on patient‐level), all implants showed enough implant stability and were able to be loaded. At T2, the evaluation of the X‐rays showed no case with hard tissue loss at the mesial or distal implant shoulder. All implants were completely osseointegrated.ConclusionsThe tooth shell technique showed promising results for the reconstruction of lateral alveolar crest defects. It may be considered to serve as an alternative material to avoid bone harvesting procedures.
The accuracy of electronic apex locators for determining working length: An in vitro study with artificial teeth
Authors: Bernardo Raquel C. F. D. , Alves Louise S. , Bruno Adilia M. V. , Coutinho Thais M. C. , Gusman Heloisa 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis study aimed to determine the accuracy of four electronic apex locators (EALs) (I‐Root, Propex Pixi, Novapex and Bassi iRoot Apex), using artificial mandibular and maxillary permanent molars. The root length (RL) from 40 artificial teeth was initially determined with Kerr hand files. Then, the electronic RL were obtained for the same root canals with each EAL, and the results were compared with those obtained using hand files. The accuracy of the EALs was determined through analysis of the divergences observed in relation to the lengths obtained with files. All EALs were effective for determining the RL in the artificial teeth, showing results similar to those obtained by hand. The Bassi iRoot Apex had higher accuracy (96.7%) than the Propex Pixi (89.1%) and Novapex (85.8%) (P < 0.05). Based on the results, all EALs tested had a similar performance, and artificial teeth may be used to determine the accuracy of these devices.