bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Production and Characterization of Activated Carbon from Coal for Gold Adsorption in Cyanide Solutions
Authors: Martínez-Mendoza Karen L. , Barraza Burgos Juan Manuel , Marriaga-Cabrales Nilson , Machuca-Martinez Fiderman , Barajas Mariber , Romero Manuel 
Published: June 2020

In this work, activated carbons were produced using coal as raw matter from seven Colombian carboniferous zones. Physical activation was performed in two stages: a carbonization stage with Nitrogen at a temperature of 850 °C and a residence time of 2 h, followed by an activation stage using steam at temperatures of 700 and 850 °C with residence times of 1,5 h and 2,5 h. From the pore volume characterization for the adsorption of gold, two activated carbons from Cundinamarca, obtained at 850 °C (1,5 h), 850 °C (2,5 h), and a commercial carbon (GRC 22) were selected. Gold adsorption tests were performed with those three activated carbons using synthetic aurocyanide solutions and a gold waste solution. The data of the adsorption isotherms were adjusted using the Freundlich adsorption model for the synthetic solution, as well as Langmuir for the waste solution. The results showed that, using a solution of 1 ppm, the activated carbons C-850-2.5 and C- 850-1.5 produced the higher maximum gold loading capacities in the equilibrium (8,7 and 9,3 mg Au/g, respectively) in comparison to the commercial activated carbon (4,7 mg Au/g). Gold adsorption test using a waste solution (21 ppm of gold) showed that the activated carbon C-850-1.5 had the highest value of adsorption capacity (4,58 mg Au/g) compared to C-850-2.5 (2,95 mgAu /g).
Epidemiology of COVID-19 in an Urban Dialysis Center
Authors: Corbett Richard W. , Blakey Sarah , Nitsch Dorothea , Loucaidou Marina , McLean Adam , Duncan Neill , Ashby Damien R. ,   for the West London Renal and Transplant Centre
Published: June 2020

Significance Statement
Social distancing is an important tool in preventing the spread of SARS-CoV-2 during the COVID-19 pandemic. Dialysis centers that treat patients undergoing hemodialysis typically are not conducive to social distancing, and there is limited published experience available for guidance. The authors describe control measures—including universal protective equipment, a regular screening process, and case isolation—implemented during a rapidly developing COVID-19 epidemic in a large dialysis center, as well as service pressures experienced. Risk factors for infection included older age and infection rates within specific satellite units; aspects of unit design might help explain clustering of cases in those units. After the third week, COVID-19 cases fell short of the projected epidemic course, suggesting that control was achieved and that early adoption of control measures can help protect patients.

Background
During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic, many countries have instituted population-wide measures for social distancing. The requirement of patients on dialysis for regular treatment in settings typically not conducive to social distancing may increase their vulnerability to COVID-19.

Methods
Over a 6-week period, we recorded new COVID-19 infections and outcomes for all adult patients receiving dialysis in a large dialysis center. Rapidly introduced control measures included a two-stage routine screening process at dialysis entry (temperature and symptom check, with possible cases segregated within the unit and tested for SARS-CoV-2), isolated dialysis in a separate unit for patients with infection, and universal precautions that included masks for dialysis nursing staff.

Results
Of 1530 patients (median age 66 years; 58.2% men) receiving dialysis, 300 (19.6%) developed COVID-19 infection, creating a large demand for isolated outpatient dialysis and inpatient beds. An analysis that included 1219 patients attending satellite dialysis clinics found that older age was a risk factor for infection. COVID-19 infection was substantially more likely to occur among patients on in-center dialysis compared with those dialyzing at home. We observed clustering in specific units and on specific shifts, with possible implications for aspects of service design, and high rates of nursing staff illness. A predictive epidemic model estimated a reproduction number of 2.2; cumulative cases deviated favorably from the model from the fourth week, suggesting that the implemented measures controlled transmission.

Conclusions
The COVID-19 epidemic affected a large proportion of patients at this dialysis center, creating service pressures exacerbated by nursing staff illness. Details of the control strategy and characteristics of this epidemic may be useful for dialysis providers and other institutions providing patient care.
The Impact of Domestic Mergers and Acquisitions on the Operating Profit Margins of Companies in Russia
Authors: Mikhalchuk Vitaly 
Published: June 2020

This research paper studies the impact of domestic Russian mergers and acquisitions on the operating profit margin of companies participating in deals. The goal of the research is to evaluate the changes in operating profit margin, and to analyse the significance of factors affecting operating profit margin after deals have been concluded.
The main scientific contribution of this research is the development of a methodology to analyse the effect of mergers and acquisitions on operating profit margins that takes into account the idiosyncratic features of the Russian market, and which can be used with limited information for analysis of private companies. The proposed methodology is based on benchmarking the operating profit margin of companies participating in a deal against the same variable for a portfolio of similar companies.
Based on the analysis of recent studies, several explanatory variables were proposed to explain the changes in operating profit margin after the deal. Among these were included real GDP growth, type and value of the deal, book value of assets of the target company, as well as a number of control variables. A random effects model with robust standard errors was used to test the significance of factors affecting operating profit margin. This methodology was applied to a sample of 73 domestic Russian deals observed in the period 2012-2019.
This research makes several practical contributions to the literature. In the studied sample, deals lead to an increase of operating profit margin by 4.6% relative to the period before the deal, and 2.5% relative to the benchmark portfolio. The highest growth of operating profit margin relative to the benchmark portfolio is observed 2 years after the deal. This growth is increased by the purchase of large companies in the same industry. There is a significant negative effect of the deal value and a strong indication that buyers tend to overpay for the target companies relative to their fair value.
This research will be of practical use for persons in management positions to estimate the value of prospective deals, and for academic researchers interested in the analysis of mergers and acquisitions in emerging markets.
Career Choices among Nursing Students: Differences between Freshmen and Interns
Authors: Sari Ni Putu Wulan Purnama 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACTCareer selection is one of the most important decisions that an individual makes in his life and is a core task of the late stages of adolescent development in the process of developing self-identity. This study aimed to describe the career choices of nursing students and analyze the differences between freshmen and interns. This cross-sectional study involved 110 and 66 freshmen and interns respectively in two private nursing colleges with “B” accreditation predicate (n=176). Questionnaire of Survey on Career Choice was used in data collection. Descriptive statistic test was used in data analysis. Results showed that most freshmen chose two career choice alternatives (38.18%), but most interns were determined to choose only one alternative (42.42%). There were two most popular career choices among nursing students, such as: nurse practitioner (45.45% totally) and continuing education to be a Master/Specialist of Nursing (33.52% totally). The career intention to be a nurse practitioner in most respondents was referred to civil servant, both in clinical or community work places (59.66% totally). The most popular nursing fields were pediatric nursing in freshmen and psychiatric nursing in interns (34.55% and 25.76% respectively). Strengthening the attitude of love for nursing profession needs to be fostered early in the beginning of college life, so that career choice as a nurse practitioner after finishing the internship program can be maintained. ABSTRAKPemilihan karir adalah salah satu keputusan terpenting yang dibuat individu dalam hidupnya dan merupakan tugas inti dari tahap perkembangan remaja akhir dalam proses pembangunan identitas diri. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan pilihan karir mahasiswa keperawatan dan menganalisis perbedaannya di antara mahasiswa baru dan program Profesi Ners. Penelitian cross-sectional ini melibatkan 110 maba dan 66 mahasiswa profesi yang berasal dari dua institusi keperawatan terakreditasi B (n=176). Kuesioner Survey on Career Choice digunakan dalam pengumpulan data. Uji statistika deskriptif digunakan untuk menganalisis data. Hasil menunjukkan mayoritas maba memilih dua alternatif pilihan karir (38.18%), sedangkan mahasiswa profesi Ners mantap memilih satu pilihan saja (42.42%). Terdapat dua jenis pilihan karir yang populer pada mahasiswa keperawatan, yaitu sebagai perawat praktisi (total 45.45%) dan studi lanjut untuk menjadi Magister/Spesialis Keperawatan (total 33.52%). Intensi karir sebagai perawat praktisi pada mayoritas responden mengarah pada menjadi Pegawai Negeri Sipil (PNS), baik di tatanan klinik maupun komunitas (total 59.66%). Bidang Keperawatan Anak paling populer di kalangan maba (34.55%), sedangkan bidang Keperawatan Jiwa paling populer di kalangan mahasiswa Profesi Ners (25.76%). Penguatan sikap kecintaan terhadap profesi perawat perlu dipupuk sejak dini di awal masa kuliah agar pilihan karir sebagai perawat praktisi pasca lulus dari program Profesi Ners dapat dipertahankan.
Predicting the risk of anemia in pregnant women with different somatotypes
Authors: Tsidaeva Tatiana I. , Tomaeva Kristina G. , Gaidukov Sergey N. , Rukhliada Nikolai N. , Cheldieva Aida A. , Plieva Emma G. , Salbieva Nataliia G. 
Published: June 2020

The aim of the study: to study the frequency of anemia in pregnant women with different somatotypes and to develop a model for predicting the risk of this pathology.
Materials and methods. 390 women were examined. Of the women studied 110 were mаcrosomatotype, 173 mesosomatotype, and 107 microsomatotype. Somatometry was performed according to R.N. Dorokhov for women in early pregnancy (before 910 weeks of gestation). In blood test the level of hemoglobin, red blood cells, and hematocrit is determined using the Medonic M-series hematological automatic analyzer. Serum iron levels were determined colorimetrically with ferrosine. Serum ferritin levels were determined spectrophotometrically using ELISA methods.
Results. It was found that iron deficiency anemia was significantly more common in pregnant women of macro-and microsomatic body type compared to women with mesosomatotypes (p 0.05). Pregnant women with severe anemia were not found. There were iron deficiency anemia of mild and moderate severity, and latent iron deficiency. Hematological parameters (hematocrit, serum iron, serum ferritin) were significantly lower in pregnant women with latent iron deficiency compared to women without anemia (p 0.05). Using multiple regression analysis, we obtained the regression equation (formula), which predicts the development of iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women of different somatotypes.
Conclusions. The calculations according to the presented formula, allows to predict with high accuracy the prognosis of iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women, and also allows to form among patients a high-risk group for the development of this disease in the first trimester of pregnancy when the pregnant woman is registered in the womens consultation, which will contribute to more effective implementation of therapeutic and preventive measures to prevent the development of this pathology.
Evaluation of the curve of Spee, curve of Wilson and Monson’s sphere in Iranian adults: A preliminary three-dimensional study
Authors: Chavoshzadeh Natanzi Mahdie , Azimi Zavaree Maryam , Torabi Mehran , Taghavi-Damghani Farnaz , Hakimaneh Seyed Mohammad Reza , Shayegh Sayed Shojaedin , Taghavi-Damghani Farnoosh 
Published: June 2020

Purpose : One of the required information in rehabilitating the occlusal plane in dentistry is the radius of Monson’s sphere , which like other anatomical indices varies in different races. The purpose of this study was to determine the radius of the Monson’s sphere in a group of Iranian.
Materials & Methods : 45 Iranian subjects (19 males & 26 females ) aged from 18 to 25 were selected for this study . The x,y,z coordinates of cusp tips of all mandibular teeth except for the third molars obtained with a 3-dimensional digitizer , were used to derive a spherical model of the occlusal surfaces’ curvature . From the best interpolating sphere , the radii of the Monson’s sphere was computed .
Results : Although all of the computed variables were greater in men , the occlusal curvature of mandibular arch was not influenced by gender . The mean radius of the Monson’s sphere was 111.5 mm ( 121 mm in men and 104 mm in women which was closer to the classic value of 4 inch , confirming Monson’s observations ) .
Conclusion : The average radius of the Monson’s sphere in this study was greater than the classic 4 inch value proposed by Monson and this result may suggest racial differences in the normal dental arch form that is important in occlusal rehabilitation. Although more researches are necessary in future to improve treatment results.
SOCIAL CONFLICT BETWEEN THE DRIVERS OF CONVENTIONAL WITH ONLINE TRANSPORTATION IN BANDUNG
Authors: Nugraha Ardi Maulana , Sulaeman Munandar , Gunawan Wahyu 
Published: June 2020

Purpose: Conflicts between conventional and online transport drivers have been disturbing and cause both physical and psychological casualties. The purpose of this research is to know the processes and factors that cause conflict.
Methodology: The research method is qualitative and descriptive. Transporters from Bandung city were accessed and interviewed. They were inquired about their views on the shift of conventional transportation to the online transportation system; later, these interview responses were analyzed to draw inferences.
Main Findings: The results of the research show that the process of conflict occurred from the transition of the use of conventional transportation services into online transportation in the city of Bandung. Furthermore, two forms of conflict occurred among transport drivers that are realistic and non-realistic conflicts. The causes of conflict are the seizure of economic resources (passengers), and the trigger factors are lack of communication and coordination among drivers, government delays in making regulations, and no solution to the problems that occur from the management of online transportation.
Implications/Applications: These results will be applicable for policy formation as well as removing conflicts between conventional transportation drivers and online transportation actors.
Originality/Value: Since: In Indonesia, online transportation has grown since 2015. However, some parties reject the presence of this online transportation, which causes a conflict. This study has thoroughly investigated the conflict between conventional transportation drivers and online transportation and highlighted the factors that cause these conflicts.
Social Distancing and Its Effect on Social Connectedness in the Algerian Society
Authors: Belmahi Mourad , Messaoudene Ahmed 
Published: June 2020

The researchers aimed through this study to identify the impact of Social Distancing on Social Connectedness in the Algerian society, where a descriptive-comparative method was used, the sample size reached 287 respondents, represents 287 family who were randomly selected from the statistical community, which consisted of parents and adult sons and daughters. The study's field were in the Chlef state, which located within 250 km west of the Algerian capital, and lasted for one month (from 15 March to 15 April 2020), the comparison was made at the level of social connectedness indicators, between the individuals who practice social distancing and individuals who didn't. The study reached the following results:
1- Social distancing increases the daily Family-disputes by 70.05%, and it multiply eight times for individuals practicing the social distancing more than individuals who don't. And 80.91% of the population practicing the social distancing has daily family-disputes. While 71.73% of the population who didn't Practice the social distancing didn't ever face any family-dispute.
2- The daily domestic-violence of individuals who practice social distancing is three times more than those who don't. So 52.28% of the population who practice social distancing, has daily cases of domestic-violence. While only 15.21% of the population who didn't practice social distancing had daily cases of domestic-violence.
3- Individuals who didn't practice social distancing visits their neighbors two times more than those who did practice social distancing.
4- Individuals who practice social distancing made a daily inter-family phone-calls almost three times less than who didn't practice social distancing
Effects of the Inter Clan Conflicts in Mumias East Sub County Kenya
Authors: Busalire Samson , Aengwony Robert , Machariah Lilian 
Published: June 2020

Inter-clan conflicts are widely spread in the world Africa leading in such cases. Conflict management and peace building in Kenya continues to face challenges in the current national and regional environments. Clans in Mumias East Sub-County have been in conflict from time immemorial. Strategic coordination amongst key actors has been seemingly lacking in conflict management and peace building. The objective of the study was to assess the effects of inter-clan conflicts on socio-economic development in Mumias East Sub-County, Kenya and; evaluate the strategies put in place to reduce inter-clan conflicts in Mumias East Sub-County, Kenya. This study adopted a conceptual framework: Theories employed were; Intergroup Contact theory and linear stages of growth theory. The study employed descriptive, Evaluation, Historical, Ranking and cross sectional research designs. The study population comprised Assistant-Chiefs, Clan Chairpersons, MCAs, Ward Administrators, CBOs, Religious Leaders, deputy County commissioners, Assistant County Commissioners, Sub-County Administrator, Police, Probation Officer, Village Elders, Chiefs and Households Heads totaling to 475 respondents. This study adopted stratified random sampling for sampling Sub-locations, proportionate random sampling, and simple random sampling to sample Households Heads and purposive sampling for Assistant Chiefs, Clan Chairpersons, MCAs, ward Administrators, CBOs and Religious leaders. The study population was derived from (9) selected Sub-locations in Mumias East Sub-County. Primary Data collection was done using Questionnaires, Interviews schedules, Observations checklists, and focus Group Discussion (FGD) guides. Secondary sources included relevant documents and reports. Qualitative data was analyzed using thematic narratives. Quantitative data was analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) and Microsoft excel to obtain measures of central tendency, Ranking was done and Charts were used to present data.
AMAZÔNIA: INFERNO VERDE OU PARAÍSO PERDIDO? CENÁRIO E TERRITÓRIO NA LITERATURA ESCRITA POR ALBERTO RANGEL E EUCLIDES DA CUNHA
Authors: Queiroz José Francisco da Silva 
Published: June 2020

A representação da Amazônia seja feita pela ótica estrangeira, seja pelo olhar autóctone, manifesta-se de forma equivocada, quando não perniciosa. Um imaginário, ora fantasioso, ora infernal instituiu-seao longo de uma histórica repetição de (pré) conceitos e estereótipos. A literatura, em alguns casos, serviu a essa estandardização na tentativa de entender e explicar a região amazônica. Os primeiros textos literários que colocaram a Amazônia em foco no cenário literário nacional estão ligados aos princípios positivistas em voga no século XIX e inserem-se concomitantemente na tradição literária realista-naturalista. Na discussão de Inferno Verde (1908) e À margem da história (1909), respectivamente escritos por Alberto Rangel e Euclides da Cunha; nós podemos encontrar duas perspectivas interpretativas: um lugar terrível ou um paradisíaco. Nesse artigo, nós iremos discutir as bases ideológicas presentes no discurso paratextual (GENETTE, 2009) responsável por dar suporte aessa caracterização infernal ou paradisíaca da Amazônia; questionando até que ponto o discurso narrativo (Fictionality/Factuality) (STIERLE, 2002; SCHMID, 2010) pretende ser considerado como representativo do espaço e das sociedades que habitaram a Amazônia em certo contexto histórico.
A TRADUÇÃO NO NINAR DE UMA CANTIGA: ENTRE O RITMO, O SENTIDO E A ALTERIDADE
Authors: Branco Rosanne Castelo 
Published: June 2020

O presente artigo objetiva discutir abordagens entre a narrativa oral, ritmo e tradução no contexto do gênero da cantiga de ninar infantil francesa “Frère Jacques”, observando as variáveis fônicas e de sentido, originadas do contraponto léxico-semântico-cultural resultante da tradução da produção oral francesa,como língua de partida,tanto quanto para a língua alemã e para a língua inglesa, como línguas de chegada. A investigação visa analisar, mais particularmente, de como se dá o fenômeno da tradução na inter-relação da poética com essas instâncias oriundas de tradução, considerando suas vozes, ritmo, humor e performances, buscando apontar as estratégias utilizadas pela tradução,de forma a manter a musicalidade e manutenção da obra na sua completude poética. Para fundamentar e dar sustentabilidade a essa investigação, no âmbito da Poética, da Oralidade e da Tradução foramconsiderados os pensamentos de teóricos como Paul Zumthor (1993) , Henri Meschonnic (2010), Antoine Berman (2013), Georges Mounin (1963) e Octavio Paz (1991) . Durante as abordagens e análises poderemos constatar que na oralidade da cantiga de ninar, assegurar a musicalidade fonética e o ritmo têm mais relevância do que o caráter lexical e semântico.
Recensão ao livro Viva, Senhor Presidente, Lisboa, Folio Exemplar, 2017, de Simion Doru Cristea
Authors: Coutinho Maria João 
Published: June 2020

Romance filosófico,” Viva, Senhor Presidente” de autoria de Simion DoruCristea, descreve num estilo fino, espontâneo, direto e emocional, sem pomposidades de frases, mas privilegiando uma escrita inteligível, as várias e dispares concepções do mundo e as soluções para todas elas...
A CRIANÇA NARRADORA E AS NARRATIVAS DE TRADIÇÃO ORAL
Authors: Farias Cristiane Do Socorro Gonçalves 
Published: June 2020

Este artigo busca suprir uma lacuna na produção acadêmica, haja vista a escassez de trabalhos abordando a temática sob o ângulo do narrador infantil. Porém, para isso, faz-se necessário o trabalho da escuta por parte desta pesquisadora. Para tanto, trago uma narrativa sobre a Cobra grande e outra do Boto contada por uma criança ribeirinha do rio Canaticu, em Curralinho na Ilha do Marajó. Nesse percurso, busco amparo nas leituras de Zumthor (1993) para entendermos as narrativas de tradição oral, Benjamin (1993) para (re) conhecermos nas crianças a figura de um narrador tradicional e Bachelard (2006) para discutirmos o imaginário.