bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Medication adherence and its determinants in patients after myocardial infarction
Authors: Pietrzykowski Łukasz , Michalski Piotr , Kosobucka Agata , Kasprzak Michał , Fabiszak Tomasz , Stolarek Wioleta , Siller-Matula Jolanta M. , Kubica Aldona 
Published: July 2020

AbstractNon-adherence to prescribed medication is a serious limitation of long-term treatment in patients after myocardial infarction (MI), which can be associated with medical, social and economical consequences. Improvement of medication adherence has been shown to be a challenge for healthcare providers. The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in medication adherence and variability of adherence determinants during follow-up in patients after MI. A single-center, cohort observational study was conducted in 225 post-MI patients treated with primary coronary intervention (PCI) (27% women and 73% men) aged 30–91 years. Adherence was defined as availability of evaluated drugs within 1-year after discharge from hospital, based on completed prescriptions data obtained from the National Health Fund. The analysis of therapeutic plan realization (adherence to medication prescribed at discharge from hospital) embraced only reimbursed drugs: ACEIs (ramipril, perindopril), P2Y12 receptor inhibitors (clopidogrel) and statins (atorvastatin, simvastatin, rosuvastatin). Sufficient adherence was defined as ≥ 80%. During 1-year follow-up, adherence for all three drug classes was 64 ± 25%, with 67 ± 32% for ACEIs, 62 ± 34% for P2Y12 receptor inhibitor and 64 ± 32% for statins. A gradual decline in adherence was observed from 65% ± 26% in the first quarter of follow-up to 51% ± 34% in the last quarter of follow-up (p < 0.00001). Sufficient adherence for all drugs classes was found only in 29% of patients throughout the whole follow-up period (44% for ACEI, 36% for P2Y12 receptor inhibitor and 41% for statins). According to a multivariate analysis, age, prior CABG, level of education, place of residence, economic status and marital status were independent predictors of drug adherence. Whereas patients > 65 years and having a history of prior CABG more often had an insufficient adherence to drugs, married and hypertensive patients, city inhabitants and patients with higher education tended to have a sufficient drug adherence. Adherence to pharmacotherapy after myocardial infarction decreases over time in a similar manner for all pivotal groups of drugs prescribed after MI. A number of socioeconomic and clinical factors have been identified to affect medication adherence over time.
Transcriptome analysis of feather follicles reveals candidate genes and pathways associated with pheomelanin pigmentation in chickens
Authors: Zheng Xiaotong , Zhang Bo , Zhang Yawen , Zhong Haian , Nie Ruixue , Li Junying , Zhang Hao , Wu Changxin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractYellow plumage is common in chickens, especially in breeds such as the Huiyang Bearded chicken, which is indigenous to China. We evaluated plumage colour distribution in F1, F2, and F3 populations of an Huiyang Bearded chicken × White Leghorn chicken cross, the heredity of the yellow plumage trait was distinguished from that of the gold plumage and other known plumage colours. Microscopic analysis of the feather follicles indicated that pheomelanin particles were formed in yellow but not in white feathers. To screen genes related to formation of the pheomelanin particles, we generated transcriptome data from yellow and white feather follicles from 7- and 11-week-old F3 chickens using RNA-seq. We identified 27 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) when comparing the yellow and white feather follicles. These DEGs were enriched in the Gene Ontology classes ‘melanosome’ and ‘melanosome organization’ related to the pigmentation process. Down-regulation of TYRP1, DCT, PMEL, MLANA, and HPGDS, verified using quantitative reverse transcription PCR, may lead to reduced eumelanin and increased pheomelanin synthesis in yellow plumage. Owing to the presence of the Dominant white locus, both white and yellow plumage lack eumelanin, and white feathers showed no pigments. Our results provide an understanding of yellow plumage formation in chickens.
Characterization of Gromphadorhina coquereliana hemolymph under cold stress
Authors: Lubawy Jan , Słocińska Małgorzata 
Published: July 2020

AbstractLow temperatures in nature occur together with desiccation conditions, causing changes in metabolic pathways and cellular dehydration, affecting hemolymph volume, water content and ion homeostasis. Although some research has been conducted on the effect of low temperature onGromphadorhina coquereliana, showing that it can survive exposures to cold or even freezing, no one has studied the effect of cold on the hemolymph volume and the immune response of this cockroach. Here, we investigated the effect of low temperature (4 °C) on the abovementioned parameters, hemocyte morphology and total number. Cold stress affected hemocytes and the immune response, but not hemolymph volume. After stress, the number of circulating hemocytes decreased by 44.7%, but the ratio of apoptotic cells did not differ significantly between stressed and control individuals: 8.06% and 7.18%, respectively. The number of phagocyting hemocytes decreased by 16.66%, the hemocyte morphology drastically changed, and the F-actin cytoskeleton differed substantially in cold-stressed insects compared to control insects. Moreover, the surface area of the cells increased from 393.69 µm2in the control to 458.38 µm2in cold-treated animals. Together, our results show the links between cold stress and the cellular immune response, which probably results in the survival capability of this species.
The closed eye harbours a unique microbiome in dry eye disease
Authors: Willis Kent A. , Postnikoff Cameron K. , Freeman Amelia , Rezonzew Gabriel , Nichols Kelly , Gaggar Amit , Lal Charitharth V. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDry eye affects millions of individuals. In experimental models, dry eye disease is associated with T helper cell 17-mediated inflammation of the ocular surface that may cause persistent damage to the corneal epithelium. However, the initiating and perpetuating factors associated with chronic inflammation of the ocular surface remain unclear. The ocular microbiota alters ocular surface inflammation and may influence dry eye disease development and progression. Here, we collected serial samples of tears on awakening from sleep, closed eye tears, during a randomized clinical trial of a non-pharmaceutical dry eye therapy and used 16S rRNA metabarcoding to characterize the microbiome. We show the closed dry eye microbiome is distinct from the healthy closed eye microbiome, and that the microbiome remains distinct despite daily saline eye wash upon awakening. The ocular microbiome was described only recently, and this report implicates a distinct microbiome in ocular disease development. Our findings suggest an interplay between microbial commensals and inflammation on the ocular surface. This information may inform future studies of the pathophysiological mechanisms of dry eye disease.
Design of thienopyranone-based BET inhibitors that bind multiple synthetic lethality targets
Authors: Vann Kendra R. , Pal Dhananjaya , Morales Guillermo A. , Burgoyne Adam M. , Durden Donald L. , Kutateladze Tatiana G. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDevelopment of small molecule compounds that target several cancer drivers has shown great therapeutic potential. Here, we developed a new generation of highly potent thienopyranone (TP)-based inhibitors for the BET bromodomains (BDs) of the transcriptional regulator BRD4 that have the ability to simultaneously bind to phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) and/or cyclin-dependent kinases 4/6 (CDK4/6). Analysis of the crystal structures of the complexes, NMR titration experiments and IC50 measurements reveal the molecular basis underlying the inhibitory effects and selectivity of these compounds toward BDs of BRD4. The inhibitors show robust cytotoxic effects in multiple cancer cell lines and induce cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis. We further demonstrate that concurrent disruption of the acetyllysine binding function of BRD4 and the kinase activities of PI3K and CDK4/6 by the TP inhibitor improves efficacy in several cancer models. Together, these findings provide further compelling evidence that these multi-action inhibitors are efficacious and more potent than single inhibitory chemotypes.
The HERC1 ubiquitin ligase regulates presynaptic membrane dynamics of central synapses
Authors: Montes-Fernández Mª Angeles , Pérez-Villegas Eva Mª , Garcia-Gonzalo Francesc R. , Pedrazza Leonardo , Rosa Jose Luis , de Toledo Guillermo Alvarez , Armengol José A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHERC1 is a ubiquitin ligase protein, which, when mutated, induces several malformations and intellectual disability in humans. The animal model of HERC1 mutation is the mouse tambaleante characterized by: (1) overproduction of the protein; (2) cerebellar Purkinje cells death by autophagy; (3) dysregulation of autophagy in spinal cord motor neurons, and CA3 and neocortical pyramidal neurons; (4) impairment of associative learning, linked to altered spinogenesis and absence of LTP in the lateral amygdala; and, (5) motor impairment due to delayed action potential transmission, decrease synaptic transmission efficiency and altered myelination in the peripheral nervous system. To investigate the putative role of HERC1 in the presynaptic dynamics we have performed a series of experiments in cultured tambaleante hippocampal neurons by using transmission electron microscopy, FM1-43 destaining and immunocytochemistry. Our results show: (1) a decrease in the number of synaptic vesicles; (2) reduced active zones; (3) less clathrin immunoreactivity and less presynaptic endings over the hippocampal main dendritic trees; which contrast with (4) a greater number of endosomes and autophagosomes in the presynaptic endings of the tambaleante neurons relative to control ones. Altogether these results show an important role of HERC1 in the regulation of presynaptic membrane dynamics.
Robust performance of deep learning for distinguishing glioblastoma from single brain metastasis using radiomic features: model development and validation
Authors: Bae Sohi , An Chansik , Ahn Sung Soo , Kim Hwiyoung , Han Kyunghwa , Kim Sang Wook , Park Ji Eun , Kim Ho Sung , Lee Seung-Koo 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe evaluated the diagnostic performance and generalizability of traditional machine learning and deep learning models for distinguishing glioblastoma from single brain metastasis using radiomics. The training and external validation cohorts comprised 166 (109 glioblastomas and 57 metastases) and 82 (50 glioblastomas and 32 metastases) patients, respectively. Two-hundred-and-sixty-five radiomic features were extracted from semiautomatically segmented regions on contrast-enhancing and peritumoral T2 hyperintense masks and used as input data. For each of a deep neural network (DNN) and seven traditional machine learning classifiers combined with one of five feature selection methods, hyperparameters were optimized through tenfold cross-validation in the training cohort. The diagnostic performance of the optimized models and two neuroradiologists was tested in the validation cohort for distinguishing glioblastoma from metastasis. In the external validation, DNN showed the highest diagnostic performance, with an area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 0.956 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.918–0.990), 90.6% (95% CI, 80.5–100), 88.0% (95% CI, 79.0–97.0), and 89.0% (95% CI, 82.3–95.8), respectively, compared to the best-performing traditional machine learning model (adaptive boosting combined with tree-based feature selection; AUC, 0.890 (95% CI, 0.823–0.947)) and human readers (AUC, 0.774 [95% CI, 0.685–0.852] and 0.904 [95% CI, 0.852–0.951]). The results demonstrated deep learning using radiomic features can be useful for distinguishing glioblastoma from metastasis with good generalizability.
Prognostic value of systemic inflammatory markers for oral cancer patients based on the 8th edition of AJCC staging system
Authors: Lee Sanghoon , Kim Dong Wook , Kwon Sunmo , Kim Hyung Jun , Cha In-Ho , Nam Woong 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIt has been recognized that systemic inflammatory markers (SIMs) are associated with patient survival in various types of cancer. This study aimed to determine the optimal cut-off values, and to evaluate the prognostic performance of SIMs for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) within the framework of the American Joint Committee of Cancer (AJCC) cancer staging manual, 8th edition. Records were collected for a total 291 patients who had had a peripheral blood test within 1 week prior to surgery and had undergone the surgical resection of OSCC in a single institution between 2005 and 2018. The cut-off values of SIMs were obtained, and the survival analyses for overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were performed. Multivariate analyses incorporating other clinicopathologic factors were performed to verify the independent risk factors for survival. The cut-off values of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) were 2.23, 135.14 for OS and 2.16, 131.07 for DFS, respectively, demonstrating a significant association for OS and DFS in OSCC. AJCC pathologic regional lymph node category (pN) (P < 0.001), perineural invasion (PNI) (P < 0.001) and NLR (P < 0.001) were independent predictors for OS. Meanwhile, for DFS, AJCC pN (P = 0.018) and NLR (P = 0.015) were shown to be independent predictors. Before the curative surgery, NLR and PLR could be auxiliary parameters for OS and DFS in OSCC. And based on the 8th edition of AJCC staging system, elevated NLR will be a potential indicator of the worse OS or DFS along with pN or PNI in OSCC.
Effects of add-on transcranial direct current stimulation on pain in Korean patients with fibromyalgia
Authors: Kang Ji-Hyoun , Choi Sung-Eun , Park Dong-Jin , Xu Haimuzi , Lee Jung-Kil , Lee Shin-Seok 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDespite promising preliminary results of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) treatment in patients with fibromyalgia (FM), several issues need to be addressed, including its limited efficacy, low response rate, and poor tolerability. We investigated the efficacy and safety of tDCS as an add-on treatment for chronic pain in Korean patients with FM. This study enrolled 46 patients who were refractory to pain medications from May 2016 to February 2017. A conventional tDCS device was used to supply 2 mA of current for 20 min on five consecutive days. The primary end-point was a change in visual analogue scale (VAS) pain score at the end of treatment; secondary end-points included changes in Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ), Brief Pain Inventory (BPI), Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and Medical Outcomes Study Sleep Scale (MOS-SS) scores. After tDCS, 46 patients showed clinical improvements in VAS pain scores on days 6, 13, and 36 compared with day 0 (p < 0.001). Improvement in FIQ was seen on day 13. The BDI decreased significantly on days 6 and 36, and BFI improved significantly on days 6 and 13. There were no significant improvements in STAI-I, STAI-II, and MOS-SS scores after tDCS. No serious adverse events were observed. Our results suggest that tDCS can result in significant pain relief in FM patients and may be an effective add-on treatment.
Polyoxometalates encapsulated into hollow double-shelled nanospheres as amphiphilic nanoreactors for an effective oxidative desulfurization
Authors: Liu Huifang , Li Zhen , Dong Jing , Liu Dan , Liu Chengpeng , Chi Yingnan , Hu Changwen 
Published: July 2020

Amphiphilic polyoxometalate (POM) nanoreactors have been successfully fabricated by encapsulating Keggin-type PMo12 into hollow mesoporous double-shelled SiO2@C nanospheres, which can effectively catalyze the oxidative desulfurization reaction.
Infall of galaxies onto groups
Authors: Santucho M. V. , Ceccarelli M. L. , Lambas D. G. 
Published: July 2020

Context.The growth of the structure within the Universe manifests in the form of accretion flows of galaxies onto groups and clusters. Thus, the present-day properties of groups and their member galaxies are influenced by the characteristics of this continuous infall pattern. Several works both theoretical (in numerical simulations) and observational, have studied this process and provided useful steps for a better understanding of galaxy systems and their evolution.Aims.We aim to explore the streaming flow of galaxies onto groups using observational peculiar velocity data. The effects of distance uncertainties are also analyzed, as well as the relation between the infall pattern and the group and environment properties.Methods.This work deals with the analysis of peculiar velocity data and their projection in the direction of group centers, in order to determine the mean galaxy infall flow. We applied this analysis to the galaxies and groups extracted from the Cosmicflows–3 catalog. We also used mock catalogs derived from numerical simulations to explore the effects of distance uncertainties on the derivation of the galaxy velocity flow onto groups.Results.We determine the infalling velocity field onto galaxy groups withcz< 0.033 using peculiar velocity data. We measured the mean infall velocity onto group samples of different mass ranges, and also explored the impact of the environment where the group resides. Far beyond the group virial radius, the surrounding large-scale galaxy overdensity may impose additional infalling streaming amplitudes in the range of 200−400 km s−1. Also, we find that groups in samples with a well-controlled galaxy density environment show an infalling velocity amplitude that increases with group mass, consistent with the predictions of the linear model. These results from observational data are in excellent agreement with those derived from the mock catalogs.
Leitbild für einen modernen Kinder- und
Jugendgesundheitsdienst (KJGD) in Deutschland: Stellungnahme des Fachausschusses
KJGD im BVÖGD
Authors: Ellsäßer Gabriele , Korebrits Claudia , Trost-Brinkhues Gabriele 
Published: July 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Auf der Grundlage des neuen Leitbildes des
Öffentlichen Gesundheitsdienstes (91. Gesundheitsministerkonferenz 2018)
wurde in der Zukunftswerkstatt auf dem BVÖGD Kongress 2019 das Leitbild
für einen modernen Kinder- und Jugendgesundheitsdienst (KJGD)
abgeleitet. Ziel des Diskussionsprozesses war die Erörterung der
zentralen Frage, welche bisherigen und neuen Kernaufgaben sind vom KJGD in
seiner Funktion als Anwalt der Kinder und Jugendlichen und
„Kümmerer“ um ihre Gesundheit umzusetzen –
insbesondere in Anbetracht der stark sozial geprägten gesundheitlichen
Unterschiede.
Methodik Auf der Grundlage eines vorstrukturierten Bearbeitungsprozesses
zu 5 Themenfeldern mit Leitfragen wurden die künftigen Kernaufgaben des
KJGDs diskutiert und zusammengefasst. Des Weiteren wurde erarbeitet, welche
neuen Anforderungen auf den KJGD zukommen und wie diese bewältigt werden
können.
Ergebnisse Besondere Kernaufgaben: a) Beratung der kommunalen Strukturen
zu den Gesundheitsbedarfen der Kinder- und Jugendlichen und wie diesen
entsprochen werden kann auf der Grundlage der Datenanalyse (auch
sozialräumlich) der Schuleingangsuntersuchung; b) Moderation der
Netzwerkaufgaben und das Einbringen von Gesundheitsaspekten als
Querschnittsaufgabe in die kommunalen Strukturen; c) Unterstützung von
vulnerablen Gruppen mit speziellen gesundheitlichen und psychosozialen Bedarfen.
Besondere präventive Bereiche des KJGDs sind hier bspw. die Sprach- und
Entwicklungsförderung und der Gesundheitsschutz. d) Begutachtung und
Beratung – und dies „frei von kommerziellen
Eigeninteressen“; e) Vernetzung mit Wissenschaft und Forschung.
Professionen, die im KJGD benötigt werden: Fachärzte,
Gesundheitsplaner (Unterstützung bei der Datenauswertung),
Sozialpädagogen (zur individuellen Beratung, aber auch für eine
gezielte Projektarbeit), Gesundheitsfachberufe wie
(Familien)-Kinderkrankenschwestern/Familienhebammen, Kinder- und
Jugendpsychiater und Psychologen (um der Zunahme an psychosomatischen und
psychischen Erkrankungen gerecht zu werden).
Schlussfolgerung Die bisherigen und neuen Kernaufgaben stellen an den
KJGD große Herausforderungen sowohl in fachlicher als auch personeller
Hinsicht. Diese Herausforderungen sind nicht nur durch ein neues Leitbild zu
bewältigen, sondern auch durch eine breitgefächerte
Stärkung des KJGDs. Hierzu gehört die Verankerung der Aufgaben
in den verschiedenen Gesetzen auf Bundes- und Landesebene.
Feasibility of Speedboat RS2 with bipolar radiofrequency energy for peroral endoscopic myotomy in patients with achalasia (with video)
Authors: Patil Gaurav , Dalal Anki , Maydeo Amit P. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background During peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM), use of traditional instruments leads to an increase in overall time of procedure due to constant exchange of instruments. Speedboat-RS2 (Creo-Medical, UK) is a novel device which has shown promising results for endoscopic submucosal dissection of gastrointestinal lesions, but its feasibility, and safety for POEM is unexplored.
Methods Data from patients who had undergone POEM for achalasia cardia utilizing Speedboat-RS2 was reviewed.
Results Two patients with mean age of 46 years and mean symptom duration of 3 years were included. Both patients had type II achalasia diagnosed on esophageal manometry. One patient underwent anterior myotomy and the other posterior approach. Submucosal tunneling (~15 cm) was achieved in a mean of 20 minutes, myotomy (~ 9 cm) in 8 minutes and the entire procedure was completed in a mean of 30 minutes with 100 % technical success. Both patients were discharged the day after the procedure without any immediate adverse events. At 6 weeks, endoscopy was uneventful and the patients were asymptomatic.
Conclusions Early experience shows that Speedboat-RS2 is feasible for performing POEM with good safety profile. Submucosal tunneling was relatively quick and coagulation was effective. Long term studies with a larger patient cohort are warranted.