bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patients who failed to conceive following an in vitro fertilization cycle can be clustered into different failure causes using gene expression hierarchical analysis†
Authors: Fortin Chloé S , Hamilton Scot , Laforest Martin , Léveillé Marie-Claude , Sirard Marc-André 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe patient’s response to an IVF stimulation protocol is highly variable and thus difficult to predict. When a cycle fails, there are often no apparent or obvious reasons to explain the failure. Having clues on what went wrong during stimulation could serve as a basis to improve and personalize the next protocol. This exploratory study aimed to investigate if it is possible to distinguish different failure causes or different follicular responses in a population of nonpregnant IVF patients. Using qRT-PCR, we analyzed a panel of genes indicative of different failure causes in patients who did not achieve pregnancy following an IVF cycle. For each patient, a pool of follicular cells from all aspirated follicles was used as a sample which gives a global picture of the patient’s ovary and not a specific picture of each follicle. We performed hierarchical clustering analysis to split the patients according to the gene expression pattern. Hierarchical analysis showed that the population of nonpregnant IVF patients could be divided into three clusters. Gene expression was significantly different, and each cluster displayed a particular gene expression pattern. Follicular cells from patients in clusters 1, 2 and 3 displayed respectively a pattern of gene expression related to large incompetent follicles with a higher apoptosis (over matured), to follicles not ready to ovulate (under mature) and to an excess of inflammation with no visible symptoms. This study reinforces the idea that women often have different response to the same protocol and would benefit from more personalized treatments.
Genetic and microstructural differences in the cortical plate of gyri and sulci during gyrification in fetal sheep
Authors: Quezada Sebastian , van de Looij Yohan , Hale Nadia , Rana Shreya , Sizonenko Stéphane V , Gilchrist Courtney , Castillo-Melendez Margie , Tolcos Mary , Walker David W 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Gyrification of the cerebral cortex is a developmentally important process, but the mechanisms that drive cortical folding are not fully known. Theories propose that changes within the cortical plate (CP) cause gyrification, yet differences between the CP below gyri and sulci have not been investigated. Here we report genetic and microstructural differences in the CP below gyri and sulci assessed before (at 70 days of gestational age [GA] 70), during (GA 90), and after (GA 110) gyrification in fetal sheep. The areal density of BDNF, CDK5, and NeuroD6 immunopositive cells were increased, and HDAC5 and MeCP2 mRNA levels were decreased in the CP below gyri compared with sulci during gyrification, but not before. Only the areal density of BDNF-immunopositive cells remained increased after gyrification. MAP2 immunoreactivity and neurite outgrowth were also increased in the CP below gyri compared with sulci at GA 90, and this was associated with microstructural changes assessed via diffusion tensor imaging and neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging at GA 98. Differential neurite outgrowth may therefore explain the localized changes in CP architecture that result in gyrification.
Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic: Impact Caused by School Closure and National Lockdown on Pediatric Visits and Admissions for Viral and Nonviral Infections—a Time Series Analysis
Authors: Angoulvant François , Ouldali Naïm , Yang David Dawei , Filser Mathilde , Gajdos Vincent , Rybak Alexis , Guedj Romain , Soussan-Banini Valérie , Basmaci Romain , Lefevre-Utile Alain , Brun-Ney Dominique , Beaujouan Laure , Skurnik David 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
A time series analysis of 871 543 pediatric emergency visits revealed that the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown and school closures were associated with a significant decrease in infectious diseases disseminated through airborne or fecal–oral transmission: common cold, gastroenteritis, bronchiolitis, and acute otitis. No change was found for urinary tract infections.
Neutralizing Antibody Responses to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Inpatients and Convalescent Patients
Authors: Wang Xiaoli , Guo Xianghua , Xin Qianqian , Pan Yang , Hu Yaling , Li Jing , Chu Yanhui , Feng Yingmei , Wang Quanyi 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic with no specific antiviral treatments or vaccines. There is an urgent need for exploring the neutralizing antibodies from patients with different clinical characteristics.

Methods
A total of 117 blood samples were collected from 70 COVID-19 inpatients and convalescent patients. Antibodies were determined with a modified cytopathogenic neutralization assay (NA) based on live severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The dynamics of neutralizing antibody levels at different time points with different clinical characteristics were analyzed.

Results
The seropositivity rate reached up to 100.0% within 20 days since onset, and remained 100.0% till days 41–53. The total geometric mean titer was 1:163.7 (95% confidence interval [CI], 128.5–208.6) by NA and 1:12 441.7 (95% CI, 9754.5–15 869.2) by ELISA. The antibody level by NA and ELISA peaked on days 31–40 since onset, and then decreased slightly. In multivariate generalized estimating equation analysis, patients aged 31–45, 46–60, and 61–84 years had a higher neutralizing antibody level than those aged 16–30 years (β = 1.0470, P = .0125; β = 1.0613, P = .0307; β = 1.3713, P = .0020). Patients with a worse clinical classification had a higher neutralizing antibody titer (β = 0.4639, P = .0227).

Conclusions
The neutralizing antibodies were detected even at the early stage of disease, and a significant response was shown in convalescent patients.
Theorizing Principled Collaboration
Authors: Heath Renee Guarriello , Isbell Matthew G 
Published: June 2020

AbstractInterorganizational collaboration is often at the crux of making decisions that impact and are impacted by inherent tensions of the human experience. Many theoretical models and literature reviews conceptualize collaboration through a teleological lens where being "good" is tied to accomplishing the collaboration's goals. In this essay, we broaden the understanding of collaboration problematizing what is meant by a good outcome. We propose collaboration is a principled activity with associated processes and outcomes and advance three arguments. First, that collaboration when viewed as a principled activity changes our understanding of collaborative processes and the way we might evaluate collaborative outcomes. Second, that dialogue operates as "ethical practice" and is woven through communication in collaboration that facilitates principles such as legitimacy, accountability, and shared power. Third, a principled lens of collaboration further develops the principled negotiation process, problematizing so-called objective criteria for decision making. This essay begins by attending to certain principles associated with collaboration processes. We review the experience of communication in collaboration as being oriented toward dialogue, interests, conflict, consensus, and solutions. Building on the ways in which communication is oriented to in collaboration, we use an empirical example to posit the importance of conceptualizing and evaluating collaboration as principled. By directing attention to principles as an important component of collaboration, scholars are positioned to recognize useful responses and the implications of those responses for collaborating.
Inverting magnetotelluric data with distortion correction—stability, uniqueness and trade-off with model structure
Authors: Moorkamp M , Avdeeva A , Basokur Ahmet T , Erdogan Erhan 
Published: June 2020

SUMMARY
Galvanic distortion of magnetotelluric (MT) data is a common effect that can impede the reliable imaging of subsurface structures. Recently, we presented an inversion approach that includes a mathematical description of the effect of galvanic distortion as inversion parameters and demonstrated its efficiency with real data. We now systematically investigate the stability of this inversion approach with respect to different inversion strategies, starting models and model parametrizations. We utilize a data set of 310 MT sites that were acquired for geothermal exploration. In addition to impedance tensor estimates over a broad frequency range, the data set also comprises transient electromagnetic measurements to determine near surface conductivity and estimates of distortion at each site. We therefore can compare our inversion approach to these distortion estimates and the resulting inversion models. Our experiments show that inversion with distortion correction produces stable results for various inversion strategies and for different starting models. Compared to inversions without distortion correction, we can reproduce the observed data better and reduce subsurface artefacts. In contrast, shifting the impedance curves at high frequencies to match the transient electromagnetic measurements reduces the misfit of the starting model, but does not have a strong impact on the final results. Thus our results suggest that including a description of distortion in the inversion is more efficient and should become a standard approach for MT inversion.
Approach to Latent Tuberculosis Infection Screening Before Biologic Therapy in IBD Patients: PPD or IGRA?
Authors: Hashash Jana G , Abou Fadel Carla , Hosni Mohammad , Hassoun Lara , Kanafani Zeina , Regueiro Miguel D 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The use of biological agents for the treatment of chronic inflammatory conditions such as inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) has been on the rise.1,2 Current biological therapies include antitumor necrosis factor-α (anti-TNF-α), anti-interleukin-12/23, and anti-integrin agents. Before initiation of biological drugs, screening for Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection is required to avoid reactivation or worsening of disease after immunosuppression. It has been shown that anti-TNF-α treated patients have a 14-fold increased risk of tuberculosis (TB) infection/reactivation compared with healthy controls.3 The methods for screening for TB have evolved over time and vary from region to region.
The unrecognized power of health services accreditation: more than external evaluation
Authors: Mitchell Jonathan I , Graham Ian D , Nicklin Wendy 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
While it is widely recognized that accreditation enables an organization to improve its performance and sustain a culture of quality, changing healthcare practices to align with evidence-informed guidelines (clinical and administrative) is a complex process that takes time. The true value of accreditation lies in its contribution to healthcare safety and quality as a means to prompt and support ‘knowledge to action’, a key value of accreditation that ‘has yet to be articulated’. Using the ‘knowledge to action’ cycle, a planned action framework, we illustrate that accreditation is a knowledge translation (KT) or implementation intervention that seeks to improve and increase the uptake of evidence in healthcare organizations. The accreditation components, including the quality framework, standards, self-assessment process and on-site survey visit, ultimately serve to improve quality, decreasing variation in practice and strengthening a culture of quality. With a unique perspective and alignment obtained through the implementation lens, we examine the accreditation process and components relative to the ‘knowledge to action cycle’ with implications for enhancing the value of accreditation beyond current appreciation to both accreditation bodies worldwide and those organizations that participate in accreditation programs. Until organizations and accreditation bodies embrace the accreditation process as a knowledge to action intervention to bring about meaningful and sustained change, the full benefits of the process will not be optimized nor achieved.
A multi-institutional randomized phase III trial comparing anatomical segmentectomy and wedge resection for clinical stage IA non-small cell lung cancer in high-risk operable patients: Japan Clinical Oncology Group Study JCOG1909 (ANSWER study)
Authors: Shimoyama Ryo , Tsutani Yasuhiro , Wakabayashi Masashi , Katayama Hiroshi , Fukuda Haruhiko , Suzuki Kenji , Watanabe Shun-ichi ,   the Lung Cancer Surgical Study Group
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Anatomical segmentectomy or wedge resection is recommended for high-risk operable patients with clinical stage IA non-small cell lung cancer in guidelines of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network and the Japanese Lung Cancer Society. However, there is no clear evidence comparing the sublobar resections. The less invasive and more generally performed is wedge resection but anatomical segmentectomy may have better survival benefits than wedge resection owing to its superiority in locoregional control. In April 2020, we have initiated a randomized phase III trial in Japan to confirm the superiority of anatomical segmentectomy over wedge resection in high-risk operable patients with clinical stage IA non-small cell lung cancer. We plan to enroll a total of 370 patients from 47 institutions over a period of 5 years. The primary endpoint is overall survival; the secondary endpoints are adverse events, postoperative respiratory function, relapse-free survival, proportion of local recurrence, operative time and blood loss.
Children as Research Subjects: A Dilemma
Authors: Kopelman Loretta M. 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT
A complex problem exists about how to promote the best interests of children as a group through research while protecting the rights and welfare of individual research subjects. The Nuremberg Code forbids studies without consent, eliminating most children as subjects, and the Declaration of Helsinki disallows non-therapeutic research on non-consenting subjects. Both codes are unreasonably restrictive. Another approach is represented by the Council for the International Organizations of Medical Science, the U.S. Federal Research Guidelines, and many other national policies. They allow research ethics committees or institutional review boards to authorize studies with acceptable balances of likely benefits and harms, but neither clarify how to balance them nor explain the meaning of pivotal concepts, like “minimal risk.” Paths to the improvement of balancing or consequentialist approaches include (1) improving standardizing of risk assessment, (2) rejecting crude utilitarianism, (3) identifying and justifying normative or moral judg-ments, and (4) acknowledging extra-regulatory thresholds and deontological or non-negotiable duties to children.
From protective to connective professionalism: Quo Vadis professional exclusivity?
Authors: Adams Tracey L , Kirkpatrick Ian , Tolbert Pamela S , Waring Justin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis essay is composed of commentaries from four scholars critically evaluating Noordegraaf’s article ‘Protective or Connective Professionalism? How Connected Professionals Can (Still) Act as Autonomous and Authoritative Experts’. All four scholars, in different ways and from their different perspectives, question the dichotomy at the heart of Noordegraaf’s article, arguing that professionals have always been connective and connected, and moreover, that protective professionalism has not disappeared. They recommend more conceptual development to unpack the changing nature of connectivity and protectionism, as well as more attention to inequalities within and among professions, power, and professional agency.
An Incommoded Interior Designer
Authors: Croskerry Pat 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This case discusses an elderly woman who presents at an emergency department with relatively mild upper respiratory tract infection symptoms who is overdiagnosed and subjected to an invasive and unnecessary test, an error of commission. The biases of availability, affect, and familiarity are evident in the case, as well as attempts to reduce the likelihood that the decision maker will experience chagrin and anticipated regret in their decision making.
A Model Pilot
Authors: Croskerry Pat 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In this case, a 43-year-old male presents to the emergency department complaining of blurred vision during the past few days. He appears apprehensive. His eye examination is completely normal. On the basis of his increased respiratory rate and apprehension, a diagnosis of anxiety state is made, and he is discharged home. He returns the next day with continuing symptoms. On this occasion, an arterial blood gas is ordered, which eventually reveals his correct diagnosis.
The Representativeness Representative
Authors: Croskerry Pat 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This case, involving a young male, focuses on one of the metaheuristics first described in the cognitive science literature: representativeness. Essentially, it is about pattern matching—one is more inclined to believe a patient is a member of a particular class the more features the patient manifests of that class. If these features are not present, one is less inclined to believe the patient belongs to that class—thus, prototypical presentations of disease may result in representativeness restraint as evidenced in this case.
Overdosing the Overdosed
Authors: Croskerry Pat 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In this case, a middle-aged male presents to the emergency department (ED) of a general hospital with dizziness and weakness and a history of falling the previous day associated with seizures. There is also a possibility of head injury. He is well known to the department and has been seen previously by the head of the department regarding inappropriate use of the ED. Some difficulty ensues in terms of whether he has been having seizures or not, which, combined with a medication error and a laboratory error, results in him being overdosed with a significantly toxic drug. The case is an example of groupthink as well as fundamental attribution error.
The Lost Guide
Authors: Croskerry Pat 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In this case, a previously healthy, middle-aged woman presents at the emergency department of a teaching hospital in severe hemorrhagic shock. Despite this being a reasonably straightforward medical emergency, she is exposed to a succession of significant iatrogenic events, including procedural error, from which she makes a full recovery. The most striking cognitive failure in the case is a collective inattentional blindness in a variety of individuals from several different specialties.
Straining the Strain Diagnosis
Authors: Croskerry Pat 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In this case, a woman in her late 30s was brought to the emergency department (ED) following a motor vehicle collision. She was a passenger in a car that was T-boned on the passenger side. Her principal complaint was neck pain. After plain radiographs showed no bony injury, she was discharged with cervical strain. She presented again to the same ED on three further occasions before her correct diagnosis was made. Aspects of implicit bias are highlighted in her care.
Pleural diseases
Authors: de Fonseka D. , Lee Y.C. Gary , Maskell N.A. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Pleural disease is a common problem, affecting 3,000 per million population each year, contributing to a significant workload for every chest physician. Pleural effusion is the commonest pleural pathology, closely followed by pneumothorax. Pleural effusion is a common clinical problem which can complicate a range of lung and systemic diseases. Most cases can be diagnosed by pleural fluid analysis and pleural biopsy. Common causes of a transudative effusion are heart failure and liver cirrhosis; common causes of an exudative effusion are malignancy, empyema/parapneumonic effusion, and tuberculosis. Low pH and low glucose levels are found in pleural fluid caused by very intense inflammatory processes, most commonly pleural infection, or malignancy. Where an effusion remains undiagnosed, specifically treatable conditions such as pulmonary embolism and drug-induced pleuritis should be reconsidered.
The globular cluster system of the Auriga simulations
Authors: Halbesma Timo L R , Grand Robert J J , Gómez Facundo A , Marinacci Federico , Pakmor Rüdiger , Trick Wilma H , Busch Philipp , White Simon D M 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT
We investigate whether the galaxy and star formation model used for the Auriga simulations can produce a realistic globular cluster (GC) population. We compare statistics of GC candidate star particles in the Auriga haloes with catalogues of the Milky Way (MW) and Andromeda (M31) GC populations. We find that the Auriga simulations do produce sufficient stellar mass for GC candidates at radii and metallicities that are typical for the MW GC system (GCS). We also find varying mass ratios of the simulated GC candidates relative to the observed mass in the MW and M31 GCSs for different bins of galactocentric radius metallicity (rgal–[Fe/H]). Overall, the Auriga simulations produce GC candidates with higher metallicities than the MW and M31 GCS and they are found at larger radii than observed. The Auriga simulations would require bound cluster formation efficiencies higher than 10 per cent for the metal-poor GC candidates, and those within the Solar radius should experience negligible destruction rates to be consistent with observations. GC candidates in the outer halo, on the other hand, should either have low formation efficiencies, or experience high mass-loss for the Auriga simulations to produce a GCS that is consistent with that of the MW or M31. Finally, the scatter in the metallicity as well as in the radial distribution between different Auriga runs is considerably smaller than the differences between that of the MW and M31 GCSs. The Auriga model is unlikely to give rise to a GCS that can be consistent with both galaxies.
K2-HERMES II. Planet-candidate properties from K2 Campaigns 1-13
Authors: Wittenmyer Robert A , Clark Jake T , Sharma Sanjib , Stello Dennis , Horner Jonathan , Kane Stephen R , Stevens Catherine P , Wright Duncan J , Spina Lorenzo , Čotar Klemen , Asplund Martin , Bland-Hawthorn Joss , Buder Sven , Casey Andrew R , De Silva Gayandhi M , D’Orazi Valentina , Freeman Ken , Kos Janez , Lewis Geraint , Lin Jane , Lind Karin , Martell Sarah L , Simpson Jeffrey D , Zucker Daniel B , Zwitter Tomaz 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT
Accurate and precise radius estimates of transiting exoplanets are critical for understanding their compositions and formation mechanisms. To know the planet, we must know the host star in as much detail as possible. We present complete results for planet-candidate hosts from the K2-HERMES survey, which uses the HERMES multi-object spectrograph on the Anglo-Australian Telescope to obtain $R\sim 28\, 000$ spectra for more than 30 000 K2 stars. We present complete host-star parameters and planet-candidate radii for 224 K2 candidate planets from C1–C13. Our results cast severe doubt on 30 K2 candidates, as we derive unphysically large radii, larger than 2RJup. This work highlights the importance of obtaining accurate, precise, and self-consistent stellar parameters for ongoing large planet search programs – something that will only become more important in the coming years, as TESS begins to deliver its own harvest of exoplanets.