bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nanoparticle encapsulation of HDACi with HA targeting in endometrial cancer models
Authors: Edwards Kadie , Yao Seydou , Pisano Simone , Feltraccao Veronica , Brusehafer Katja , Samanta Sumanta , Oommen Oommen P , Gazze Salvatore Andrea , Paravati Roberta , Maddison Holly , Li Chao , Gonzalez Deyarina , Conlan R. Steven , Francis Lewis W 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Bespoke nanoparticle systems can enhance drug delivery, preventing systemic exposure by modifying release kinetics and increasing tumour penetration. Flexible nano vector systems have led to selective tumour targeting through surface modifications and the addition of target moieties over expressed in the cancer microenvironment. As such nanomedicines are enabling drug re-purposing and renewed applications in solid tumour cancers. Here we present the nanoscale encapsulation of Vorinostat within a F127 Pluronic polymer particle modified to incorporate a Hyaluronic Acid moiety, targeting increased CD44 expression in endometrial cancer cells. Encapsulation within a stable micellar structure stabilized SAHA activity, demonstrating increased cytotoxic efficacy in 2-D and 3-D cultures. In addition, nano delivery enhanced spheroid penetration, suppression in cell growth, P21 associated cell cycle arrest and overcome EMT associated phenotype formation observed in the free drug treated type II Hec50 cells. Together, this study clearly demonstrates that HDAC nanoparticle encapsulation and HA targeting may offer a solution to overcoming the toxicity and side effects issues observed in clinical trials. Given the demonstrated involvement of epigenetic processes in oncology, this study is an important demonstration of this class of anti-cancerous agents for the treatment of endometrial cancers.
Metastasis of missed cholangiocarcinoma in the left lobethrough abdominal wall laparoscopic port-site and umbilicus after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: case report and literature review
Authors: Huang Lesheng , Li Hongyi , Chen Jun , Jiang Jinghua , Zhang Wanchun , Liu Tianzhu 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Introduction: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) has been widely used by surgeons. However, a serious but rare condition may be happened, which is the missed diagnosis of intraperitoneal malignant tumor. If the malignancy exists, the changes of the abdominal environment or the laparoscopic operation might brought the cancer cells to the abdominal cavity or the abdominal wall. The missed laparoscopic malignant tumors are prone to metastasis, especially at the laparoscopic port-site. More extreme condition will be located in the navel, which is known as Sister Mary Joseph’s nodule(SMJN).Case presentation: A 63-year-old female who had undergone cholecystectomy and choledocholithotomy ten months ago was hospitalized for upper abdominal pain. Laboratory examination indicated that the most of tumor markers were increased. CT scan revealed that there was a diffused irregular and progressively enhanced mass around the left lobe bile duct, multiple enlarged lymph nodes in the abdominal cavity and multiple nodular lesions were found under the costal margin of the right upper abdominal wall, right lower abdominal wall and the umbilicus. Biopsy of the nodules under the original surgical scar showed an infiltrative or metastatic middle differentiated adenocarcinoma. So the diagnosis was left lobe cholangiocarcinoma of the liver, multiple lymph nodes metastasis in the abdominal cavity and multiple implant metastasis in abdominal wall laparoscopic port-site and umbilical.Conclusion: In laparoscopic cholecystectomy, surgeons should not only focus on the local lesions, like gallstone in biliary system, but also look around other the tissues and organs to avoid missing the abdominal malignant tumor or other lesions. When atypical symptoms or abnormalities have been found pre-operation, all abdominal organs should be evaluated in detail to avoid missed diagnosis of potential malignant tumors. On the other hand, when there is a nodule in the umbilicus, all the organs and tissues in abdomen should be examined to find the potential malignant tumor. Finally, multiple cholelithiasis in the left lobe of the liver should be regarded as a high risk factor for cholangiocarcinoma.
Bilateral Primary Breast Cancer: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Fan Shuyao , Gu Xidong , Liang Zhehao , Mao Yuping , Zhou Changyu , Gu Shicheng , Xie Xiaohong 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
BackgroundInvasive micropapillary carcinoma (IMPC) and secretory carcinoma of the breast (SCB) are relatively rare types of breast cancer. IMPC is usually associated with high incidence of lymphovascular invasion, lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis. While SCB usually carries a relatively favorable prognosis, cases of axillary and distant metastases have been reported. Clinicians generally adopt systemic treatments based on the histopathological findings of the patients to improve the prognosis, but there is currently no consensus on the optimal treatment for these two types of cancer.Case presentationWe treated a 50‐year‐old woman with lung cancer history who presented with a single lump in each breast. Following bilateral breast-conserving surgery, the diagnosis of SCB of the left breast and IMPC of the right breast was confirmed with immunohistochemistry. It is worth noting that the pathological results of left lung adenocarcinoma centered on micropapillary-type was same as the invasive micropapillary component of right breast.ConclusionsWe reported this case of bilateral primary relatively-rare-form breast cancer for its extremely rare occurrence and there are less than 20 cases of SCB reported worldwide till now. It is also significative to distinguish this primary tumor of right breast from metastatic cancer. Our histopathologic diagnosis and synthetical therapy scheme will provide material for SCB and IMPC. To facilitate the diagnosis and prognosis of such relatively rare tumors, more cases will need to be reported.
Correlation Between Toxicity and Dosimetric Parameters in Patients Treated with Adjuvant Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy for Breast Cancer: The Results of a Prospective Study.
Authors: Pasquier David , Bataille Benoit , Tinier Florence Le , Bennadji Raoudha , Langin Hélène , Escande Alexandre , Tresch Emmanuelle , Darloy Franck , Carlier Damien , Crop Frederik , Lartigau Eric 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background. In the treatment of breast cancer, intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) reportedly reduces the high-dose irradiation of at-risk organs and decreases the frequency of adverse events (AEs). Comparisons with conventional radiotherapy have shown that IMRT is associated with lower frequencies of acute and late-onset AEs. Here, we extended a prospective, observational, single-center study of the safety of IMRT to a second investigating center. Methods. Patients scheduled for adjuvant IMRT after partial or total mastectomy were given a dose of 50 Gy (25 fractions of 2 Gy over five weeks), with a simultaneous integrated boost in patients having undergone conservative surgery. Results. 300 patients were included in the study, and 288 were analyzed. The median follow-up period was 2.1 years. Most AEs were mild. The most common AEs were skin-related - mainly radiodermatitis (in 266 patients (92.4%)) and hyperpigmentation (in 178 (61.8%)). Smoking (odds ratio) [95%CI] = 2.10 [1.14–3.87]; p = 0.017), no prior chemotherapy (0.52 [0.27–0.98]; p = 0.044), and D98% for subclavicular skin (1.030 [1.001–1.061]; p = 0.045) were associated with grade ≥ 2 acute AEs. In a univariate analysis, the mean dose, (p < 0.0001), D2% (p < 0.0001), D50% (p = 0.037), D95% (p = 0.0005), D98% (p = 0.0007), V30Gy (p < 0.0001), and V45Gy (p = 0.0001) were significantly associated with grade ≥ 1 acute esophageal AEs. In a multivariate analysis, D95% for the skin (p < 0.001), D98% for the subclavicular skin and low D95% for the internal mammary lymph nodes were associated with grade ≥ 1 medium-term AEs. Conclusions. The safety profile of adjuvant IMRT after partial or total mastectomy is influenced by dosimetric parameters. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02281149
Trends and outcomes of blunt renal trauma management: A nationwide cohort study in Japan
Authors: Nakao Shunichiro , Katayama Yusuke , Hirayama Atsushi , Hirose Tomoya , Ishida Kenichiro , Umemura Yutaka , Tachino Jotaro , Kiguchi Takeyuki , Matsuyama Tasuku , Kiyohara Kosuke , Kitamura Tetsuhisa , Nakagawa Yuko , Shimazu Takeshi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
There is a paucity of information for predicting patient outcomes other than the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST) renal injury scale. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between the patient characteristics and outcomes of patients with blunt renal trauma using a nationwide database in Japan.
Methods
We performed a retrospective analysis of the Japan Trauma Data Bank (JTDB) from 2004 to 2018. We identified patients with blunt renal trauma by AIS codes converted to AAST grades. We evaluated trends in patient characteristics and management, and assessed factors associated with mortality and nephrectomy using a multivariable logistic regression analysis.
Results
We identified 3,550 patients with blunt renal trauma. Their median age was 43 years and 74.2% were male. Nephrectomy was performed in 3.8% and the overall mortality rate was 9.5%. We found increasing trends in age and emergency abdominal angiography, and decreasing trends in nephrectomy and mortality over the 15-year period. The following factors were associated with mortality: age ≥ 65 years (adjusted OR 3.36), pedestrian accident (adjusted OR 1.94), fall from height (adjusted OR 1.91), shock on arrival (adjusted OR 4.02), concomitant injuries to head/neck (adjusted OR 3.14), pelvis/lower-extremity (adjusted OR 1.59), liver (adjusted OR 1.68), spleen (adjusted OR 1.45), and gastrointestinal tract (adjusted OR 1.90), AAST grade III-V (adjusted ORs 1.42, 2.16 and 5.55), and emergency abdominal angiography (adjusted OR 0.70). The following factors were associated with nephrectomy: shock on arrival (adjusted OR 1.98), concomitant injuries to thorax (adjusted OR 0.46) and spleen (adjusted OR 2.07), AAST grade III, IV and V (adjusted ORs 18.40, 113.89, and 468.17) and emergency abdominal angiography (adjusted OR 0.28).
Conclusions
We demonstrated that the AAST grade and emergency angiography were associated with mortality and nephrectomy in blunt renal trauma in the Japanese population.
Trial registration:
Not applicable
Qishentaohong Granule as Adjuvant Therapy for Improving Cardiac Function and Quality of Life in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure: a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Li Xing-xing , Fan Zong-Jing , Cui Jie , Lin Quan , Lin Qian , Yan Rong-Kun , Wu Yang , Li Yan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Qishentaohong Granule (QSG) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescription for the treatment of chronic heart failure (CHF). The objective is to confirm the improvement of QSG on cardiac function and quality of life (QOL) in patients with CHF.Methods: This is a single-center, prospective, randomized controlled clinical trial. Seventy-six patients (forty-four male and twenty-six female) from 27 to 84 years old with diagnosed CHF New York Heart Association (NYHA) classⅡ or Ⅲ in stage C were enrolled and randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive the QSG (9 g, twice daily) or trimetazidine (TMZ) (10 mg, thrice daily) in addition to their standard medications for the treatment of CHF. The study period was 4 weeks. The primary outcomes (cardiac function and QOL) and secondary outcomes were measured at the baseline and end of the trial.Results: Thirty-five patients completed the study in each group. At the 4-week follow-up, the efective rate in NYHA classification in the QSG group was better than that in the TMZ group (74.29% vs. 54.29%, P < 0.05). Chronic heart failure integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine survival scale (CHFQLS) scores were improved by 13.82 ± 6.04 vs. 7.49 ± 2.28 in the QSG and TMZ groups respectively (P < 0.05). Subgroup analysis of the CHFQLS results showed that physiological function, role limitation and vitality were significantly higher in the QSG group (15.76 ± 7.85 vs. 7.40 ± 3.36, P < 0.05; 16.00 ± 8.35 vs. 10.53 ± 4.64, P < 0.05; 15.31 ± 8.09 vs. 7.89 ± 4.60, P < 0.05). Treatment with QSG also demonstrated superior performance in comparison to the TMZ with respect to 6-minute walking test (6MWT), TCM syndrome, shortness of breath, fatigue, gasp, general edema and the N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) level. No significant adverse reactions (ARs) and adverse cardiac events (ACEs) occurred during treatment in either group.Conclusion: In addition to conventional treatments, QSG as an adjuvant therapy significantly improved cardiac function and QOL in patients with CHF class Ⅱ or Ⅲ in stage C.Trial registration: This trial is registered with ChiCTR, No. ChiCTR-TRC-12002857. Registered March 21, 2019. (retrospectively registered)
One More “Living Fossil”: Mesozoic Lineage Differentiation, Morphological Stasis and Weak Phylogeographic Structure in Eurasia in the Bosminopsis Deitersi Group (Crustacea: Cladocera: Bosminidae)
Authors: Garibian Petr G. , Karabanov Dmitry P. , Neretina Anna N. , Taylor Derek J. , Kotov Alexey 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Water fleas (Crustacea: Cladocera) of the Family Bosminidae have been studied since the founding of paleolimnology and freshwater ecology. However, one species, Bosminopsis deitersi, stands out for its exceptional multicontinental range and broad ecological requirements. Results: Here we use an integrated morphological and multilocus genetic approach to to address the species problem in B. deitersi. We analyzed 32 populations of B. deitersi s. lat. Two nuclear and two mitochondrial loci were used to carry out the bGMYC, mPTP and STACEY algorithms for species delimitation. Detailed morphological study was also carried out across continents. The evidence indicated a widely distributed cryptic species in the Old World (Bosminopsis zernowi) that is genetically divergent from B. deitersi s.str. We revised the taxonomy and redescribed the species in this complex. Our sampling indicated that B. zernowi had weak genetic differentiation across its range. A molecular clock and biogeographic analysis with fossil calibrations suggested a Mesozoic origin for the Bosminopsis deitersi group. Conclusions: Our evidence rejects the single species hypothesis for B. deitersi and is consistent with an ancient species group (potentially Mesozoic) that shows marked morphological conservation. The family Bosminidae, then, has examples of both rapid morphological evolution (Holocene Bosmina), and morphological stasis (Bosminopsis).
Kinematic analysis of scissor-like elements using dual quaternions
Authors: Grijalva Juan Gabriel Guerrero , Pieri Edson Roberto De 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This paper presents a standard approach, based on dual quaternions (DQ), to deal with the kinematic analysis of scissor-like elements (SLE). Kinematic relations of homogeneous SLE are simplified by using DQ exponentiation. The steps to identify kinematic singularities are detailed by an algorithm. A second algorithm is introduced to deal with the computation and plotting of reachable and dexterous workspace. In this approach, not just points and vectors, but lines and planes are represented by DQ. The motion of points, lines and planes can be appreciated in practical examples based on domotics.
Pathogens Isolated in Respiratory Tract Samples of Recently Hospitalized Patients: Implications for Primary Care Physicians
Authors: Henig Oryan , Benaim Anat Reiner , Neuberger Ami 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background.

Little is known about the etiology of community-acquired lower respiratory tract infections (CA-LRTI), and treatment is largely empirical. We aimed to provide clinicians with microbiologic data of the more severe cases, i.e. those that result in hospital admission.
Methods.

A retrospective observational cohort study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Haifa, Israel. Consecutive respiratory tract samples obtained from admitted patients older than 12 years between 2014 and 2020 were included. Pathogen distribution and drug susceptibility were described, and factors associated with 14 day mortality rates were analyzed using a multivariable logistic regression with a stepwise model reduction.
Results.

A total of 1,395; 2,212; and 2,760 samples were included in the community-acquired, healthcare-associated and hospital-acquired LRTI groups, respectively. Gram negative bacteria were the most common bacteria isolated. Streptococcus pneumoniae was over represented in patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with CA-LRTI and healthcare-associated LRTI (accounting for 20% and 10.1% of patients admitted to the ICU versus 12.6% and 6.4% of patients in the entire cohort, p < 0.001). Streptococcus pneumoniae was susceptible to penicillin in around 50% of cases; to erythromycin in 65% of cases; and to fluoroquinolones and 3rd generation cephalosporins in more than 95% of cases. Twenty-five percent of other typical community-acquired pathogens (Hemophillus influenza, Moraxella spp., and Bordatella spp.) were resistant to ampicillin. Susceptibility of Gram negative bacteria to penicillins with and without a β-lactamase inhibitor and to second generation cephalosporins was lower than 50%. In the multivariable analysis, factors that were associated with increased mortality in the entire cohort were: age, admission to an ICU or surgical department, healthcare-associated or hospital-acquired infections, and infections with gram negative bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus, and Stenotrophomonas or Acinetobacter baummannii.
Conclusions.

Our data shows that gram negative bacteria are common causative agents among elderly patients with multiple comorbidities. Streptococcus pneumoniae and other typical community acquired pathogens are proportionally more common in younger patients, although most absolute cases occur in elderly patients. The susceptibility pattern of these community pathogens suggests that for high-risk patients the choice of effective oral antibiotic agents in the community is limited.
Neonate Bloodstream Infections (BSI) in China: Emerging Threat of Multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens
Authors: zou hua , Zhou Ligang , Shen Yan , Li Chunli , Li Qiuhong 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Bloodstream Infections (BSIs) continue to be associated with significant morbidity and mortality worldwide, which multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens present an ever-growing burden in the hospital and community settings. Data on antimicrobial resistance and prevalence of BSIs pathogens among hospitalized neonates in China are few and not clearly defined. Methods: we retrospectively collected clinical and bacteria data about patients with BSI from 2013 to 2017 in Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children. The patients were divided into the early- and late-onset BSI groups according to if BSI occurred within or beyond 72 hours after admission.Results: 210 BSIs occurred from January 1st, 2014 to December 31th, 2019. Of all included 210 patients, there were 99(47.14%), 105 (50.00%), and 6 (2.86%) infected with gram-positive bacteria, gram-negative bacteria, and fungi, respectively. For early-onset BSI, the predominated pathogen was E. coli, accounting for 59.6% with 29.72% producing of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs). CNS (40.3%), K. pneumoniae (23.8%), and E. coli (20.9%) constitute the main causes of late-onset BSIs. Notably, 75.0% of K. pneumoniae produced ESBLs and 81.3% were MDR, which were higher than early-onset BSIs. Late onset BSIs and antibiotic exposure were significantly associated with MDR infection. Conclusion: Gram-negative bacteria gradually became the main pathogenic bacteria, among which E. coli and K. pneumoniae accounted for the largest proportion. The phenomenon of multi-drug resistance of bacteria is serious, and the first-line drug can't meet the practical needs. Late onset sepsis and antibiotic exposure were significantly associated with MDR infection.
Primary Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in the Elderly in Shandong,China,from 2004 - 2019.
Authors: An Qiqi , Song Wan-mei , Liu Jin-yue , Tao Ning-ning , Liu Yao , Zhang Qian-yun , Xu Ting-ting , Li Shi-jin , Liu Si-Qi , Li Yi-Fan , Yu Chun-Bao , Li Huai-chen 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: With an aging population, China is facing a huge buedern of elderly patients with drug resistant tuberculosisi (DR-TB), which has become an significant obscale for the global TB control targets. There is still few study on DR-TB among China so far.Thus, more researches on the epidemiological characteristics and trend of primary DR-TB among the elderly will be necessary. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in Shandong, China from 2004-2019, 12661 primary TB and 4368 elderly (≥60 years of age) primary TB cases were involved. Clinical characteristics including age, sex, Cavity, Smoking, drinking, comorbidity and drug susceptibility data were included. Descriptive statistical analysis, Chi-square and linear regression were used for analyzing.Results: Among 4368 elderly patients with primary TB, the DR-TB and MDR-TB accounted for 17.19% and 2.29% respectively. During 2004 to 2019, the proportions of MDR-TB, PDR-TB, RFP-resistance increased by160.00%, 18.18%, 231.82%, and the rate of DR-TB among elderly patients with primary cavitary TB increased by 255%.Among the elderly with primary DR-TB, the proportion of male (from 85.19 to 89.06), cavity (from 7.41 to 46.88), RFP (from 3.70 to 21.88), SM (from 37.04 to 62.5) increased significantly(P<0.05) . And the proportion of female (from 14.81 to 10.94), non-cavity (from 92.59 to 32.81 ), INH (from 66.67 to 57.81 ) decreased significantly. (P<0.05) .Conclusion: Among the elderly, the proportions of MDR-TB, PDR-TB,RFP-resistance and cavitary DR-TB increased significantly. The pattern of DR-TB changed from female, non-cavity and INH-resistant groups to male, cavity and RFP, SM-resistant groups. For a better control on the elderly DR-TB in the future, we should pay more attention to, male, smoking, drinking, COPD and diabetes subgroups.