bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The comparison of bone mineral density of femoral head between non-hip fracture side and hip fracture side
Authors: Li Xianlong , Xu Yueyang , Lin Weilong , Fan Yongqian 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWe aimed to analyze the associations of bone mineral density (BMD) of femoral heads, age and gender, and compare the differences in BMD between fracture side and non-fracture side by “3D Spine Exam Analysis” module in QCT Pro software. In this study, we identified patients who had undergone quantitative computed tomography (QCT) examinations between March 2016 and July 2018 and measured their trabecular volumetric BMD (vBMD) of femoral heads. This retrospective study enrolled 367 subjects. A total of 149 participants with images were randomly selected to verify the repeatability of this method. The relationship among the vBMD, age and gender was analyzed (n = 367), and the difference of vBMD between non-fracture side and fracture side were studied in subjects (n = 75) with low-energy hip fracture on one side and compared the image quality of bilateral hip joints. The intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) between the results measured by 2 operators and the results measured by the same operator showed excellent agreement (ICCs > 0.9). Multivariate regression equation of vBMD of femoral head, age and gender showed statistical significance (P < 0.05). vBMD showed negative correlation with age (P < 0.05), and showed no statistically significant relation with gender (P > 0.05). vBMD of non-fracture side was higher than that of fracture side, but the difference was statistically significant only at the middle layer (Pmiddle < 0.05). In conclusions, the vBMD of femoral head as measured by "3D Spine Exam Analysis" module in QCT Pro software showed good repeatability. The trabecular vBMD of femoral head was negatively correlated with age, and not related with gender. The vBMD of femoral head was higher on non-fracture side than that on the fracture side.
MethylResolver—a method for deconvoluting bulk DNA methylation profiles into known and unknown cell contents
Authors: Arneson Douglas , Yang Xia , Wang Kai 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBulk tissue DNA methylation profiling has been used to examine epigenetic mechanisms and biomarkers of complex diseases such as cancer. However, heterogeneity of cellular content in tissues complicates result interpretation and utility. In silico deconvolution of cellular fractions from bulk tissue data offers a fast and inexpensive alternative to experimentally measuring such fractions. In this study, we report the design, implementation, and benchmarking of MethylResolver, a Least Trimmed Squares regression-based method for inferring leukocyte subset fractions from methylation profiles of tumor admixtures. Compared to previous approaches MethylResolver is more accurate as unknown cellular content in the mixture increases and is able to resolve tumor purity-scaled immune cell-type fractions without a cancer-specific signature. We also present a pan-cancer deconvolution of TCGA, recapitulating that high eosinophil fraction predicts improved cervical carcinoma survival and identifying elevated B cell fraction as a previously unreported predictor of poor survival for papillary renal cell carcinoma.
Molecular basis of the lipid-induced MucA-MucB dissociation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Li Tao , He Lihui , Li Changcheng , Kang Mei , Song Yingjie , Zhu Yibo , Shen Yalin , Zhao Ninglin , Zhao Chang , Yang Jing , Huang Qin , Mou Xingyu , Tong Aiping , Yang Jinliang , Wang Zhenling , Ji Chengjie , Li Hong , Tang Hong , Bao Rui 
Published: August 2020

AbstractMucA and MucB are critical negative modulators of sigma factor AlgU and regulate the mucoid conversion of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Previous studies have revealed that lipid signals antagonize MucA-MucB binding. Here we report the crystal structure of MucB in complex with the periplasmic domain of MucA and polyethylene glycol (PEG), which unveiled an intermediate state preceding the MucA-MucB dissociation. Based on the biochemical experiments, the aliphatic side chain with a polar group was found to be of primary importance for inducing MucA cleavage. These results provide evidence that the hydrophobic cavity of MucB is a primary site for sensing lipid molecules and illustrates the detailed control of conformational switching within MucA-MucB in response to lipophilic effectors.
Ligand-bound glutamine binding protein assumes multiple metastable binding sites with different binding affinities
Authors: Zhang Lu , Wu Shaowen , Feng Yitao , Wang Dan , Jia Xilin , Liu Zhijun , Liu Jianwei , Wang Wenning 
Published: August 2020

AbstractProtein dynamics plays key roles in ligand binding. However, the microscopic description of conformational dynamics-coupled ligand binding remains a challenge. In this study, we integrate molecular dynamics simulations, Markov state model (MSM) analysis and experimental methods to characterize the conformational dynamics of ligand-bound glutamine binding protein (GlnBP). We show that ligand-bound GlnBP has high conformational flexibility and additional metastable binding sites, presenting a more complex energy landscape than the scenario in the absence of ligand. The diverse conformations of GlnBP demonstrate different binding affinities and entail complex transition kinetics, implicating a concerted ligand binding mechanism. Single molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer measurements and mutagenesis experiments are performed to validate our MSM-derived structure ensemble as well as the binding mechanism. Collectively, our study provides deeper insights into the protein dynamics-coupled ligand binding, revealing an intricate regulatory network underlying the apparent binding affinity.
Analysis of the prognostic significance of solute carrier (SLC) family 39 genes in breast cancer
Authors: Liu Limei , Yang Jiaomin , Wang Chao 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackground: Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy in females and remains a main cause of cancer-associated death worldwide. The solute carrier (SLC) groups of membrane transport proteins, which control the influx of zinc, participate in ranging of physiological processes and may provide novel therapeutic targets of cancers. However, the prognostic values of individual SLC family 39 (SLC39A) genes in patients with BC are not clarified.Materials and Methods: The mRNA expression of SLC family 39 genes in BC was evaluated by using the UALCAN database. The prognostic values of overall survival (OS) of SLC family 39 genes in patients with BC were investigated by Kaplan–Meier plotter. The survival analysis of cells was determined by Project Achilles.Results: The analytic results suggested that SLC39A1, SLC39A3, SLC39A4, SLC39A5, SLC39A6, SLC39A7, SLC39A9, SLC39A10, SLC39A11 and SLC39A13 were significantly up-regulated in BC tissues compared with normal breast tissues. However, SLC39A8 and SLC39A14 were expressed higher in normal tissues than in BC tissues. High expression of SLC39A2, SLC39A3, SLC39A4, SLC39A5, SLC39A7, SLC39A12 and SLC39A13 was significantly associated with worse OS in patients with BC. In contrast, high mRNA levels of SLC39A6 and SLC39A14 indicated favorable OS. Through subgroup analysis, all abnormal expressed SLC family members were correlated with prognoses of patients with specific BC. Moreover, SLC39A7 was associated with proliferation and cloning of BC.Conclusions: Our results suggested that SLC family 39 members were promising prognostic biomarkers of BC. The SLC39A7 played a key role in growth and survival of BC cells.
Lnc RNA ZFAS1 regulates the proliferation, apoptosis, inflammatory response and autophagy of fibroblast-like synoviocytes via miR-2682-5p/ADAMTS9 axis in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Yang Shanshan , Yin Wei , Ding Yan , Liu Fan 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Backgrounds: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a frequent autoimmune disease. Emerging evidence indicated that ZNFX1 antisense RNA1 (ZFAS1) participates in the physiological and pathological processes in RA. However, knowledge of ZFAS1 in RA is limited, the potential work pathway of ZFAS1 needs to be further investigated.
Methods: Levels of ZFAS1, microRNA (miR)-2682-5p, and ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif 9 (ADAMTS9) were estimated using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assay. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was conducted to explore the ability of cell proliferation in fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS-RA). Cell apoptosis was measured via flow cytometry. Also, levels of ADAMTS9, apoptosis-related proteins, cleaved-caspase-3 (active large subunit), and autophagy-related proteins were identified adopting Western blot. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to determine the productions of inflammatory cytokines. Beside, the interrelation between miR-2682-5p and ZFAS1 or ADAMTS9 was verified utilizing dual-luciferase reporter assay.
Results: High levels of ZFAS1 and ADAMTS9, and a low level of miR-2682-5p were observed in RA synovial tissues and FLS-RA. Knockdown of ZFAS1 led to the curbs of cell proliferation, inflammation, autophagy, and boost apoptosis in FLS-RA, while these effects were abolished via regaining miR-2682-5p inhibition. Additionally, the influence of miR-2682-5p on cell phenotypes and inflammatory response were eliminated by ADAMTS9 up-regulation in FLS-RA. Mechanically, ZFAS1 exerted its role through miR-2682-5p/ADAMTS9 axis in RA.
Conclusion: ZFAS1/miR-2682-5p/ADAMTS9 axis could modulate the cell behaviors, inflammatory response in FLS-RA, might provide a potential therapeutic target for RA treatment.
Harungana madagascariensis (Haronga) – der Drachenblutbaum
Authors: Teut Michael 
Published: August 2020

ZusammenfassungDas homöopathische Wissen zu Harungana madagascariensis (Haronga) wird zusammengefasst. Klinische Anwendungsgebiete sind Verdauungsschwäche bei Funktionsstörungen der Bauchspeicheldrüse, Meteorismus, Dyspepsie und postoperative oder -traumatische Verdauungsstörungen.
Pronounced Heterotopic Ossifications after Traumatic
Hamstring Rupture: Is an Ossification Prophylaxis Useful?
Authors: Hemmann Philipp , Schreiner Anna Janine , Frauenfeld Leonie , Stöckle Ulrich , Schmidutz Florian 
Published: August 2020

AbstractHamstring injuries include a wide range of injuries and affect mainly athletes
with high eccentric loads (football, athletics, rugby, climbing). According to
the latest literature, unrecognized traumatic ruptures can cause permanent
discomfort and may be associated with a poorer postoperative outcome when
delayed surgical therapy is performed. Heterotopic ossifications (HO) after
hamstring rupture have been described in individual case reports and smaller
studies so far. Heterotopic ossifications are mainly known in hip surgery and
elbow fractures. In this case report, a 48-year-old patient presented with an
increasing swelling with hardening in the area of the right ischial tuberosity.
One year before, an impact trauma was the reason for a traumatic hamstring
rupture which was diagnosed with a delay. The HO was excised and the tendon
refixed with two suture anchors. By limiting the range of motion with a hip-knee
orthosis for 9 weeks, a regular postoperative healing process was observed.
Heterotopic ossifications after hamstring ruptures have been reported repeatedly
but have not been evaluated in any major study so far. It should therefore be
considered whether prophylaxis with NSAIDs should be used for conservatively and
surgically treated hamstring ruptures, analogous to the ossification prophylaxis
for hip endoprostheses or fractures in the elbow region.
Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19): An Updated Review
Authors: Rudrapal Mithun , Khairnar Shubham J. , Borse Laxmikant B. , Jadhav Anil G. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe current outbreak of novel Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a major pandemic situation and a catastrophe for humans. COVID-19 is a severe infectious disease particularly of the respiratory system characterized by fatal complications such as severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (SARS), pneumonia, cardiac arrhythmia, kidney failure/ multiple organ failure and even death. Since its discovery, the SARS-CoV-2 has spread across 213 countries or territories, causing more than 8.5 million people with a rising death toll over 5.5 million people (as of June 2020, WHO). In fact, the current looming crisis of COVID-19 has become an increasingly serious concern to public health. It has affected lives of millions of people with severe impact on health systems and economies globally. Since there are no specific drugs and/or vaccines available so far, combating COVID-19 remains to be a major challenging task. Therefore, development of potential and effective treatment regimens (prophylactic/therapeutic) is urgently required which could resolve the issue. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about the coronavirus, disease epidemiology, clinical manifestations and risk factors, replication of the virus, pathophysiology and host immune responses of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The therapeutic interventions and prophylactic measures along with precautionary measures are the frontline approaches that could be undertaken in order to control and prevent the spread of the deadly and highly contagious COVID-19 are also detailed herein.
Diagnostic Performance of Xpert MTB/RIF in Bronchoalveolar Lavage of Sputum-Scarce Recurrent Pulmonary Tuberculosis Cases
Authors: Sharma Pratibha , Kumar Abhishek , S. Mamatha , Ganga Ranganath T. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Introduction Xpert MTB/RIF has greater sensitivity and specificity than smear microscopy. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) is safe and valuable tool in sputum-scarce and sputum-negative tuberculosis (TB) patients. Our study evaluated the performance of Xpert in BAL specimen of sputum-scarce recurrent TB cases exclusively.
Materials and Methods Sputum-scarce recurrent TB patients who underwent BAL between July 2018 and July 2019 were included. The diagnostic performance of Xpert and acid-fast bacilli (AFB) smear examination in BAL specimen was compared with liquid culture Mycobacterium TB (MTB) and composite reference standard.
Results A total of 126 patients were included in the study. MTB culture was positive in 70 cases and nontuberculous mycobacteria were seen in five cases. Xpert was positive was in 63 patients. Sensitivity of Xpert and AFB smear was 84.29% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 73.62–91.89) and 18.57% (95% CI: 10.28–29.66), respectively, with p < 0.001 proving the superiority of Xpert. Xpert had a specificity of 97.96 (89.15–99.95), positive predictive value of 93.65% (95% CI 85.19–97.42), and negative predictive value of 80.36% (95% CI: 70.26–87.63). Smear had a specificity of 91.84% (95% CI: 80.21–97.58) against 97.96 (89.15–99.95) of Xpert, and smear was positive in nontuberculous mycobacterium cases as well. Xpert showed no cross-reactivity between mycobacterial species. Rifampicin resistance was seen in 8 (12.69%) cases, and 21 patients had other diagnoses.
Conclusion Xpert has greater sensitivity in comparison to AFB smear in BAL specimen. Sputum-scarce recurrent TB cases have a similar chance of rifampicin resistance as sputum smear-positive cases should undergo BAL for Xpert analysis routinely.
Regeneration of Furcation Defects Treated with Porous Hydroxyapatite and Platelet-Rich Plasma: A Histological Study
Authors: Talwar Avaneendra , Amin Reshma 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Introduction The alveolar bone, periodontal ligament (PDL), and cementum are the integral structural components invariably subject to changes during periodontal diseases. Many documents on animal and human studies state that the polypeptide growth factors (GFs) have a role in periodontal regeneration. The platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is in use since the last decade. It has the potential of delivering GFs into vertical osseous defects. Human platelets contain platelet-derived growth factor and transforming growth factor-β in their α granules. These GFs are involved in wound healing and act as promoters of tissue regeneration. The study aimed to obtain histologic evidence, if any, of new attachment in humans, following treatment of osseous defects with 10-1055-s-0040-1714651_00084_ (HA) and PRF mix.
Materials and Methods Five maxillary molar teeth with advanced bone loss were treated with porous 10-1055-s-0040-1714651_00084_ (PHA) mixed with PRF. Distobuccal roots were resected and studied histologically for evidence of bone formation, if any, at 1st, 3rd, and the 5th months.
Results The PHA was completely resorbed in all the specimens. There was definitive evidence of bone formation at the 3rd month itself with mature lamellar bone with resting and reversal lines at the fifth postoperative month. There was no evidence of new cementum or PDL formation.
Conclusion PRF in conjunction with osteoconductive materials prove to accelerate bone formation in vertical osseous defects.
Evaluation of Toxicity and Antiangiogenic Activity of Murraya koenigii Leaf Extracts in Zebrafish
Authors: Dinesh Deeksha , Nanjappa Dechamma Pandyanda , Babu Nishith , Kalladka Krithika , Chakraborty Gunimala , Chakraborty Anirban 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Introduction This study aimed to evaluate the toxicity and the antiangiogenic activity of Murraya koenigii leaf extracts in zebrafish.
Materials and Methods Crude aqueous and ethanol extracts of M. koenigii leaves were obtained following a standard solvent-based extraction method. The toxicity of these extracts on zebrafish embryonic development was determined and the LC50 values were calculated. Finally, the antiangiogenic activity of the M. koenigii leaf extracts was evaluated in a transgenic zebrafish (Tg [fli1: GFP]) that express GFP under the control of fli1, a transcription factor involved in vasculogenesis.
Results The LC50 value of the aqueous extract of M. koenigii leaves was much larger (2,450 ppm) compared with that of ethanol extract (9.85 ppm), suggesting a lower toxicity of the aqueous extract. The antiangiogenic activity was evident only in aqueous extract, with significant effects in formation of intersegmental vessels and subintestinal veins in treated Tg (fli1: GFP) zebrafish embryos.
Conclusion This study demonstrated the biological activity of M. koenigii leaf extracts as angiogenesis suppressor, suggesting its therapeutic potential as an angiogenesis inhibitor. Identification of active components from natural sources with potent antiangiogenic activity could lead to the development of anticancer agents.
ESG controversies and controversial ESG: about silent saints and small sinners
Authors: Dorfleitner Gregor , Kreuzer Christian , Sparrer Christian 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBased on an extensive international dataset containing Thomson Reuters environmental, social and corporate governance (ESG) rating, as well as Thomson Reuters newest controversies and combined score of an average of 2500 companies in the years 2002–2018, this article contributes to the existing discourse of the relationship between corporate social performance and corporate financial performance (CFP) by examining the Fama and French (J Financ Econ 116(1):1–22, 2015) five-factor risk-adjusted performance of positive screened best and worst portfolios, based on a 10$$\%$$%cutoff, respectively, for equally, value- and rank-weighted strategies in the European, US and global market. Furthermore, the controversies score allows us to examine the mid-to-long-term effects of scandals on the CFP without having to rely on the event study methodology. Even though a value-weighted strategy does not show any significant abnormal returns, we examined a significant outperformance for equally weighted worst ESG portfolios and best controversies strategies. These results strongly indicate that this is, on the one hand, driven by low-rated smaller companies (“small sinners”) and clean-coated firms with regard to controversies (“silent saints”) on the other hand. The findings hold for several robustness checks such as adjusting the cutoff rates or splitting the dataset across time.
Jet quenching parameter from a soft wall AdS/QCD model *
Authors: Zhu Xiangrong , Zhang Zi-qiang 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
We study the effect of chemical potential and nonconformality on the jet quenching parameter in a holographic QCD model with conformal invariance broken by background dilaton. The presence of chemical potential and nonconformality both increase the jet quenching parameter, thus enhancing the energy loss, consistently with the findings of the drag force.
Transverse momentum balance and angular distribution of

dijets in Pb + Pb collisions *
Authors: Dai Wei , Wang Sa , Zhang Shan-Liang , Zhang Ben-Wei , Wang Enke 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In this study, the production of inclusive b-jet and

dijets in Pb + Pb collisions has been investigated by considering the in-medium evolution of heavy and light quarks simultaneously. The initial hard processes of inclusive b-jet and

dijets production are described using a next-to-leading order (NLO) plus parton shower Monte Carlo (MC) event generator, SHERPA, which can be well matched with the experimental data in p + p collisions. The framework uses the Langevin transport model to describe the evolution of the bottom quark. Furthermore, the collisional energy loss and higher-twist description are considered to determine the radiative energy loss from both the bottom and light quarks. We compare the theoretical simulation of the inclusive jet and b-jet

in the Pb + Pb collisions at

TeV with the experimental data and present the theoretical simulation of the momentum balance of the

dijet in the Pb + Pb collisions at

TeV along with recent CMS data for the first time. A similar trend to that seen in inclusive dijets is observed in

dijets; the distribution of the production shifts to smaller

owing to the jet quenching effect. Finally, we report the prediction of the normalized azimuthal angle distribution of the

dijet in the Pb + Pb collisions at

TeV. The medium-induced energy loss effect of the

dijets will generally suppress its production; however, the same side (

region) suffers more energy loss than the far side (

region), thus leading to suppression on the same side and enhancement on the far side in the normalized azimuthal angle distribution in A + A collisions.