bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Profitability, Marketing Efficiency and Value Addition of Timber Industry in Ife East Local Government of Osun State, Nigeria
Authors: Babatunde T.O. , Babatunde O.O. , Babatunde K.O. , Aduloju A.R. , Oluwalana T. , Inyang V. 
Published: June 2020

The study focused on marketing and value of additions of timber in Ife East Local Government, Osun state Nigeria. Specifically, the study examined the market efficiency, determined the profitability of the timber business, examine the level of value addition and the constraints facing the timber industry. Data were collected with the use of primary and secondary data. Primary data needed for the study were generated from structured questionnaire. Fifteen sawmills were randomly selected and one hundred and fifty questionnaires were distributed to the timber marketer and furniture m firm. One hundred and forty eight were retrieved. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive and budgetary analyses. The result showed that males had the highest percentage (89.2%). Majority of the respondents were within the age range of 40 -50 years (83.8%) and most were married (81.8%) it was further revealed that (67.6%) had regular supply of their product and the means of transportation was lorry (44.6%). The study also revealed that benches with 42% added more value addition to the industry. It showed that the year 2013 had the highest efficiency with 2.6. The budgetary analysis showed that the average revenue for the industry for the year 2012-2018 ranged between N2, 285,108.45, 889,107.12. It also revealed that the total profit for the timber ranged between 7, 340, 54.59 and 2,304,897.47.government policy, inadequate facilities in the market, inadequate facilities in the market, inadequate credit facilities, inadequate power supply and high cost of transportation were some of the constraint faced by the timber industry in Ife East Local Government.
Keywords; profitability, marketing efficiency, timber, value addition, industry
Comparative Assessment of Crude Oil Degradation by <i>Monocillium sp.</i> and <i>Aspergillus niger</i>
Authors: Odili U.C. , Ibrahim F.B. , Shaibu-Imodagbe E.M. , Atta H.I. 
Published: June 2020

Fungi dwelling in soils contaminated by petroleum products can survive on these hydrocarbons due to the highly effective extracellular enzymes. Species belonging to the genus, Aspergillus are known to be efficient degraders of various classes of hydrocarbons as well as other organic contaminants. In this study, the biodegradation of crude oil by Aspergillus niger and Monocillium sp. were compared using laboratory microcosms.The moulds were isolated from a site receiving effluent from a petroleum refinery. They were identified using their macroscopic and microscopic characteristics and subsequently screened for their ability to utilize hydrocarbons for their metabolic requirements. Following the biodegradation studies, Aspergillus niger and Monocillium sp. recorded an increase in hydrocarbon utilizing fungal counts of 8.5 x 107 spores/ml and 6.1 x 107 spores/ml and crude oil weight loss of 80 % and 70 %. Both fungi were tested singly and in a consortium for their ability to degrade crude oil, itwas observed that Monocillium sp. and A.niger performed better when tested individually (94.2 %; 92.8 %) than in consortium (76.3 %). This may suggest that their combined metabolism may have created some antagonistic effect on the degradation process as opposed to their enzymatic capabilities which appeared to be more favourable to the process. The biodegradation experiment analysis showed that contact time plays a significant role in biodegradation of crude oil (p<0.05), and Monocillium sp. and Aspergillus niger are excellent crude oil degraders and can be usedin the bioremediation of petroleum-contaminated soil and water.
Keywords: Biodegradation, Aspergillus niger, Monocillium sp., soil, Crude oil
Augmentative Modelling: A Template for <i>Populus spp</i>. Stand Biomass in Eurasia Region
Authors: Vladimir Andreevich Usoltsev , Seyed Omid Reza Shobairi , Ivan Stepanovich Tsepordey , Viktor Petrovich Chasovskikh 
Published: June 2020

Today, estimating of biological productivity or carbon-depositing ability of forests is going on the global level, and its increase is one of the major factors of climate stabilization. In recent years, two trends in the harmonization of allometric models of tree biomass have been developing. The first of them is related to ensuring the additivity of the biomass component composition, and the second one – to the search for the so-called generic model applicable to a wide range of environmental conditions. However, all "generic" models give significant biases in their application in local conditions. In our modeling, we adhere to the principle of biomass additivity, split "generic" model into regional variants by introducing dummy variables, and build the model at the transcontinental level for the first time. When using the unique in terms of the volume of database on the level of stand of the genus Populus spp. in a number of 212 sample plots, the trans-Eurasian additive allometric models of biomass of standsfor Eurasian Populus forests are developed, and thereby the combined problem of model additivity and generality is solved. The additive model of forest biomass of Populus is harmonized in two ways: it eliminated the internal contradictions of the component and the total biomass equations, and in addition, it takes into account regional differences of forest stands not only on total, aboveground and underground biomass, but also on its component structure, i.e. it reflects the regional peculiarities of the component structure of biomass.
Keywords: genus Populus spp., biomass of forests, allometric models, sample plots, biological productivity
Soil Properties and Fertility Management within Ruiru Peri-Urban Area in Kiambu County, Kenya
Authors: Waswa F. , Mwamburi M. , Wakindiki I.I.C. , Chemutai R. 
Published: June 2020

Peri-urban agriculture is a common practice around many towns and cities in Africa because of the ready urban market for farm commodities. However, it is constrained by a myriad of factors like lack of land tenure and poor soil fertility management strategies. This study focussed on soil physicochemical properties and fertility management in Ruiru Sub County, which is a peri-urban area, in Kiambu County of Kenya. Data was obtained from soil samples that were collected from ten small contact farms identified by the Sub-County Ministry of Agriculture and analysed for selected physicochemical parameters critical in soil fertility management. The results from this study indicated that most farmers were tenants growing leafy vegetables on small farms ~0.1 ha. Soil fertility was mainly maintained using organic manures, while tillage was done by hand. Both practices signal the limitations imposed by the small farm size and lack of land ownership. The soil pH was 6.3 ±0.87, which was ideal for protontransfer reactions in the soil and availability of nutrients for plant uptake. Soil fertility was mostly limited by the interaction of soil pH, K and Ca (30%), total N, OC and Zn (27%) and Cu (15%), Mg (10%) and P (9%). Therefore, the management of Ca fertilisation in this area is key because it is the Ca concentration of the soil solution that influences K and pH through ion exchange and K release.
Key words: Organic manures, Inorganic fertilizers, Crop farming, Principle component analysis
Nutritional Composition and Growth Performance of Fish Meal Supplemented with Sesame indicum (Beni Seed) in the Diets of Clarias gariepinus
Authors: Yakubu N. , Isah M.C. , Musa A.I. 
Published: June 2020

This study analyzed the chemical compositions, growth performance and nutrient efficiency of fish meal supplemented with varying percentage of S. indicum). A total of 150 of C. gariepinus fingerlings were grouped into 6 tanks with 20 C. gariepinus per tank. Each tank of fish was served with prepared fish meals supplemented with various levels of beniseed (S. indicum), namely, DT1 (commercial diet), stand as the control group, DT2 (0% beniseed with 100% soya bean meal, DT3 (25% beniseed with 75% soya bean meal, DT4 (50% beniseed with 50% soya bean, DT5 (75% beniseed with 25% soya bean and DT6 (100% beniseed with 0% soya bean, individually. Chemical compositions of each experimental diet and fish carcass were determined and the feed utilization by fishes was equally monitored and calculated. Higher levels of moisture content (7.42%), crude fiber (4.24%), total ash (3.16%), crude protein and fat (29.21 and 30.01%) and carbohydrate (27.21%) were established for the dietary group (DT6) as compared to other dietary groups. In contrast, the fish carcass moisture, crude fiber, and total ash contents were high in fish fed DT4 and DT2 compared to others. Elevated calcium (760.7 and 763.6 mg/100g), phosphorus (683.4 and 685.1 mg/100g), sodium (302.4 and 303.4 mg/100g), potassium (820.6 and 825 mg/100g) and iron (32.67 and 37.31 mg/100g) contents were noted in DT5 and DT6 than the other diets. The fish carcass fed DT6 were richer in calcium (803 mg/100g), phosphorus (5023 mg/100g), sodium (492 mg/100g), potassium (6313 mg/100g) and iron (5.12 mg/100g) than the others. C. gariepinus fed DT6 recorded high weight gains (45.64 mg) while fish DT4 had a value of length gain (1.80 cm). Higher significant values were observed for SGR (54.33%), PER (2.47%), FI (2.85%) and SR (80.23%) as feed utilization in fish fed DT6. However, experimental diets (DT5 and DT6) with 75 and 100% S. indicum inclusion look promising and would enhance adequate growth performance and nutrient utilization of C. gariepinus, which may be used for the development of the product in various food industries.
Keywords: C. gariepinus, fish meal, feed efficiency, growth performance, S. indicum.
Bioprocessing procedure of Waste Management using Liquid State Fermentation of Coffee Residues
Authors: Obayuwana I. , Eigbike O.C. 
Published: June 2020

This study is aimed at utilizing the abundant coffee residue in Manchester using bioprocessing techniques to convert the raw materials into economically viable components. High amounts of carbohydrate were obtained in coffee residues, making up about 35-41% of the total solids on a dry basis; an increase of about 89.5% for total reducing sugars concentrations was observed to occur; indicating that indigenous bacterium was capable of breaking down and hydrolyzing complex polysaccharides and proteins in coffee residues. An increase of over 100% in free amino nitrogen (FAN) concentration were obtained over time, further indicating the significant synthesis of hydrolytic enzymes by the indigenous bacteria during Liquid state fermentation processes of bioprocessing. This study therefore, concludes that bioprocessing of coffee residues is feasible in obtaining optimum yield of valueadded products.
Keywords: bioprocessing, valorization, liquid state fermentation
Evaluation of Demographic Variables on the Knowledge and Prevention of Cholera: A Case Study of Durumi, Abuja, Nigeria
Authors: Anetor G.O. 
Published: June 2020

Cholera remains a disease of public health importance globally and particularly in the developing countries including Nigeria. This study evaluated demographic characteristics (age, gender, educational level, religion) in Durumi community in relation to the knowledge and prevention of cholera so as to adequately report them and proffer solutions to reduce the disease occurrence by selecting 360 participants. Data obtained were analyzed using descriptive statistics of percentages (%), frequency counts and mean. Inferential statistics of T-test, ANOVA and regression used to analyze the variables at 0.05 significant levels. Age had significant influence on knowledge (p = v 0.02) and prevention (p < 0.021) of cholera. The younger people appeared to have more knowledge and prevention of cholera than the older people. Gender was significant to knowledge (p = 0.020) and prevention (p = 0.044) of cholera. The educational level was also significant to knowledge (p = 0.000) and prevention (p = 0.000). Religion was significant to knowledge (p = 0.03 and prevention (p =0.004) of cholera. Demographic variables have significant effect on knowledge and preventive measures of cholera P value < 0.05 in all variables tested. However, younger age group (< 50 years), females contributed higher mean score, people with formal education, Christian and Muslims all appeared more knowledgeable and more in tuned with preventive measures of cholera. Therefore, there is the need to use targeted health education for advocacy for people with no formal education, above 50 years, and others on cholera knowledge and prevention.
Keywords: Demographic variables, cholera, Abuja, Health education.
Physico-mechanical Characteristics of High Density Briquettes produced from Composite Sawdust
Authors: Bello R.S. , Onilude M.A. 
Published: June 2020

Physico-mechanical characteristics of briquettes produced from composite sawdust admixture using a screw press briquetting machine was investigated. Sample feedstock materials collected has particle sizes varying between 6-8mm with 10-20% powdery components (< 4 mesh). Briquette’s physical characteristics investigated using standard test apparatus and procedures include dimensional stability immediately, 1 hour and 30 days after production, effects of particle moisture and particle size on briquette compressed and relaxed densities. Mechanical characteristics include resistance to gravity and impact, effects of densities on impact resistance index (IRI) and effects of briquette durability in water. Statistical models were used to establish empirical relationships between the feedstock materials (independent variables) and briquette characteristics (independent variables). The physical characteristics of briquettes produced at 12% are loose and brittle with poor dimensional stability, at 10% they are bonded but weak in strength with good dimensional stability while briquettes produced at 8% are wellformed, good colouration with char carbonation, excellent dimensional stability. The compressed density of the briquettes ranges of 490-820 kg/m3. The lower moisture briquettes have high resistance to water dispersion, high impact resistance and excellent storability.
Keywords: Characterization, extrusion, briquette, sawmill, sawdust
Seroprevalence and molecular detection of Newcastle disease virus in backyard chickens in Tripoli, Libya
Authors: Gedara Emhemed A. , Alseed Hesham A. , Kammon Abdulwahab M. , Dayhum Abdunaser S. , Benothman Mohamed A. , Al-Garib Soleman O. , Eldaghayes Ibrahim M. 
Published: June 2020

Background: Newcastle disease (ND) is a viral disease that affecting many avian species all over the world.Aim: ND has been successfully controlled by the vaccination of commercial poultry in Libya. However, there was a lack of information about the situation of ND in backyard chickens. Therefore, this study determined the prevalence of ND in backyard chickens in different locations of Tripoli.Methods: A total number of 280 cloacal swabs (190 in summer and 90 in winter) and 412 sera were collected from non-vaccinated backyard chicken flocks in different geographical locations within the area of Tripoli namely Qasr Ben Ghashier, Al-Sawani, Souq Al-Gomaa, Tajourah, Ein Zara, and Janzour. Cloacal swabs and sera were tested by real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and ELISA, respectively.Results: The prevalence of ND virus (NDV) infection in backyard chickens in different locations of Tripoli during summer and winter was 45% using real-time reverse transcription-PCR. Except in Qasr Ben Ghashier, the prevalence in summer season was significantly higher than in winter (X2 = 46.13, p ≥ 0.00001). ELISA test revealed 218 positive out of 412 tested samples with total prevalence of 53% across the city of Tripoli in all regions. Obviously, Qasr Ben Ghashier had significantly (X2 = 74.09, p ≥ 0.00001) the highest prevalence (82%) of NDV specific antibodies followedby Tajourah (68%).Conclusion: This study demonstrated the situation of ND in backyard chicken highlighting the necessity of a comprehensive vaccination plan for backyard chickens.
Keywords: Backyard chickens, ELISA, Newcastle disease, Prevalence, Real time PCR.
First molecular detection of <i>Plasmodium relictum</i> in <i>Anopheles sinensis</i> and <i>Armigeres subalbatus</i>
Authors: Zhang Jilei , Lu Guangwu , Kelly Patrick , Li Jing , Li Min , Wang Jiawei , Huang Ke , Qiu Haixiang , You Jinfeng , Zhang Rong , Wang Yaoyao , Zhang Yuanyuan , Wang Chengming 
Published: June 2020

Background: Plasmodium relictum is one of the most important avian malaria species, which is mainly seen in wild birds, with infections reported in more than 70 different species and at high prevalence.Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the molecular prevalence of Plasmodium spp. in mosquitoes collected in China.Method: A Plasmodium -specific fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was established in this study to analyze five species of mosquitoes (1,620 Culex pipiens pallens, 806 Aedes albopictus, 377 Armigeres subalbatus, 168 Anopheles sinensis, and 80 Culex tritaeniorhynchus) collected in hand nets from homes in 25 provinces of China.Results: Only females originated from six provinces were determined to be positive (0.6%, 10/1,809). Plasmodium species were detected in three mosquito species, such as C. pipiens pallens (0.5%, 8/1,620), A. sinensis (0.6%, 1/168), and A. subalbatus (0.3%, 1/377). Of the three mosquito species positive for P. relictum, only C. pipiens pallens is known to feed on birds and is recognized as the natural vector of P. relictum.Conclusion: This is the first time that P. relictum has been detected in A. sinensis and A. subalbatus. P. relictum, the agent of avian malaria, was present in mosquitoes in China, including mosquito species not previously thought to be the vectors.
Keywords: Anopheles sinensis, Armigeres subalbatus, China, Mosquito, Plasmodium relictum.
Genital abnormalities associated to lack of uterine adenogenesis or endometrial gland dysgenesis of female dromedary camels (<i>Camelus dromedarius</i>)
Authors: Gherissi Djallel Eddine , Lamraoui Ramzi , Chacha Faycel , Bouzebda Zoubir , Bouzebda Zoubir , Bouzebda Farida Afri , Hanzen Christian 
Published: June 2020

Background: The developmental disruption of the müllerian duct and the endometrial dynamic can generate genital lesions that could contribute to infertility.Aim: This paper discusses two cases of genital conditions associated to endometrial gland pathologies in nulliparous female camels.Methods: Macroscopic examinations and histopathological description were performed on congenital and acquired genital abnormalities with endometrial gland anomalies.Results: The first case is endometrial gland agenesis associated to unilateral uterine aplasia, and the second case is endometrial gland dysgenesis associated to metritis. The prevalence of each case is estimated to be 0.6%. The most specific microscopic features associated to the endometrial gland agenesis were the presence of endometrial stromal proliferation and homogenous hyalinization of the myometrium. The acute metritis was associated to endometrial-activated stroma with focal infiltration with inflammatory cells on the endometrium and myometrium and the spontaneous endometrial gland dysgenesis.Conclusion: This study reveals the importance of congenital abnormalities during the routine reproductive examination of peripubertal animals, as well as the association of histopathological complementary examination for the research functional and inflammatory anomalies of the uterus. Genetic screening of breeders would be very important in the search for genetic risk factors associated with these congenital pathologies, which can be disseminated by reproductive biotechnologies.
Keywords: Adenogenesis, Camel, Metritis, Uterine aplasia, Uterine glands.
ANALISIS KECEPATAN RENANG GAYA BEBAS PADA ATLET SEKOLAH OLAHRAGA NEGERI SRIWIJAYA (SONS)
Authors: Farizal Imansyah  , Akbar Tanjung  
Published: June 2020

Masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah. Bagaimana kecepatan renang gaya bebas pada atlet Sekolah Olahrga Negeri Sriwijaya (SONS). Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik observasi, dokumentasi, wawancara. Sampel dari penelitian ini yaitu Pelatih dan 20 Atlet. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kecepatang renang gaya bebas pada atlet Sekolah Olahraga Negeri Sriwijaya (SONS) yaitu : 1) Kecepatan Renang Gaya Bebas Pada Atlet Sekolah Olahraga Negeri Sriwijaya (SONS),5 atlet yang mendapatkan (25%) yang di kategorikan baik sekali, 2)Kecepatan Renang Gaya Bebas Pada Atlet Sekolah Olahraga Negeri Sriwijaya (SONS), 10 atlet yang mendapatkan (50%) yang di kategorikan baik, 3)Kecepatan Renang Gaya Bebas Pada Atlet Sekolah Olahraga Negeri Sriwijaya (SONS), 2 atlet yang mendapatkan (10%) yang di kategorikan cukup, 4) Kecepatan Renang Gaya Bebas Pada Atlet Sekolah Olahraga Negeri Sriwijaya(SONS), 3 atlet yang mendapatkan (15%) yang di kategorikan kurang. Kesimpulan hasil penelitian berdasarkan pada kesesuaian setiap gerakan sampel terdapat indikator yang terdapat pada lembar pengamatan mengenai Analisis kecepatan Renang Gaya Bebas Pada Atlet Sekolah Olahraga Negeri Sriwijaya (SONS).
Meaningful and Memorable Learning: Integrating TPR and Youtube Videos to teach Vocabulary
Authors: Nurul Hidayati Istiqlaliah 
Published: June 2020

The teaching of vocabulary is very essential in teaching a particular language. In Indonesia, English is taught from kindergarten up to higher educations. Unfortunately not all of the teachers in those levels especially in kindergartens and primary schools major in English or at least have good English proficiency. That is why English Language Education Study Program, the Faculty of Teacher Trainings and Educational Sciences, Pakuan University always conducts community service to provide trainings to teachers from any part of the city. The first thing done before the community service was doing need analysis. In 2019, the result of the need analysis was the teaching of vocabulary which is fun and meaningful. 28 teachers were involved in this research. They were divided into two groups to conduct experiment. From the experiment, it is proven that the training given to the teachers increase their understanding about TPR and the teaching of vocabulary. The teachers were also given questionnaire to find out their perception on the use of TPR and YouTube and from the questionnaire the teachers think that their knowledge on the teaching using TPR increased their knowledge and they can find benefits in using TPR and YouTube in the classroom namely: the use of TPR itself can help them accommodate students’ different learning styles, teach vocabulary in context so that it is more meaningful, and the teaching learning situation becomes more fun.