bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Selection for Loss of p53 Function in T-Cell Lymphomagenesis Is Alleviated by Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus Infection in
myc
Transgenic Mice
Authors: Baxter Euan W. , Blyth Karen , Cameron Ewan R. , Neil James C. 
Published: July 2002

ABSTRACT

Thymic lymphomas induced by Moloney murine leukemia virus (MMLV) have provided many examples of oncogene activation, but the role of tumor suppressor pathways in these tumors is less clear. These tumors display little evidence of loss of heterozygosity, and MMLV is only weakly synergistic with the
Trp53
null genotype, suggesting that viral lymphomagenesis involves mechanisms which do not require mutational loss of
Trp53
function. To explore this relationship in greater depth, we infected CD2-
myc
transgenic mice with MMLV and examined the role of
Trp53
in the genesis of these tumors. Most (19 of 27) of the tumors from MMLV-infected, CD2-
myc Trp53
+/−
mice retained the wild-type
Trp53
allele in vivo while tumors of uninfected CD2-
myc
Trp53
+/−
mice invariably showed allele loss from a significant fraction of primary tumor cells. The functional integrity of the
Trp53
gene in these tumors was indicated by ongoing allele loss or selection for mutational stabilization during in vitro propagation and by the radiosensitivity of selected
Trp53
+/−
tumor cell lines. An inverse correlation was noted between retention of the wild-type
Trp53
allele and expression of p19
ARF
, providing further evidence of negative-feedback control of the latter by p53. However, expression of p19
ARF
does not appear to be counterselected in the absence of p53, and its integrity in
Trp53
+/−
tumors was indicated by its transcriptional upregulation on
Trp53
wild-type allele loss in vitro in selected tumor cell lines. The role of MMLV was investigated further by analysis of proviral insertion sites in tumors of CD2-
myc
transgenic mice sorted for
Trp53
genotype. A proportion of tumors showed insertions at
Runx2
, an oncogene which has been shown to collaborate independently with CD2-
myc
and with the
Trp53
null genotype, and at a novel common integration site (
ptl-1
) on chromosome 8. Genotypic analysis of the panel of tumors suggested that neither of these integrations is functionally redundant with loss of p53, but it appears that the combination of the MMLV oncogenic program with the CD2-
myc
oncogene relegates p53 loss to a late step in tumor progression or in vitro culture. While the means by which these tumors preempt the p53 tumor suppressor response remains to be established, this study provides further evidence that irreversible inactivation of this pathway is not a prerequisite for tumor development in vivo.
Sarcoidosis 2001
Authors: James D Geraint 
Published: July 2002

Abstract
In every decade, sarcoidosis makes a chameleon-like change so its profile needs to be updated. It was first recognised as a dermatological curiosity which evolved into a multisystem disorder with bone cysts, uveitis, and intrathoracic involvement. New dimensions were uncovered by biochemistry and immunology, bringing it still nearer the elusive enigma, namely the cause of sarcoidosis. Aetiology includes an understanding of a genetic predisposition and environmental trigger factors. What was left undone in the 20th century will become evident in the 21st century with more sophisticated technology. Likewise, conventional treatments of the past will be superseded by cytokines and other magic bullets of the millennium.
VACUUM RESPONSE TO ELECTROMAGNETIC BACKGROUNDS
Authors: ACTOR A. A. 
Published: July 2002

We investigate the vacuum state of a charged scalar field [Formula: see text] coupled to two different electromagnetic (EM) backgrounds on two different spaces. (i) [Formula: see text] is first defined on cylindrical space E2 × S1 with compact direction z ∈ S1 having circumference L3. This spatial compactification enables (but does not compel) an EM vacuum density j3 to flow around the spatial cylinder, parallel to z. However, a nonzero gauge potential A3 prefers one direction around z over the other, causing j3 to become nonzero. We analyze this situation for A3 = A3 (y) an arbitrary function of coordinate y, with A0,1,2 = 0. (ii) [Formula: see text] is next defined on Minkowski spacetime in the presence of a background EM plane wave of arbitrary shape and amplitude. As the plane wave sweeps through the charged virtual particle sea at the speed of light it locally excites or churns the sea, making the vacuum nonstationary (without producing vacuum pairs). This nonstationary excitation of the vacuum is nondissipative. A summary of recent calculations is presented. These two examples clearly display that, in gauge theory, potentials are more fundamental then fields.
RESONANCE PROPERTIES AND FREQUENCIES OF AN ELECTRO-RHEOLOGICAL CLUTCH AT HARMONIC LOAD
Authors: ORAVSKÝ VLADIMÍR 
Published: July 2002

In this paper, a concentric electro-rheological clutch (ERC) is considered, embedded into a broader system: electro-hydro-aggregate (EHA) consisting of an induction motor as an electrodrive (ED) and a brake (B) as a loading machine. For ED, its dynamic moment characteristics and for B, a harmonic loading moment are taken into account. One starts from the corresponding nonlinear nondimensional dynamic model of EHA which is of the 5th order with 14 nondimensional parameters. The steady solution of the model can exhibit resonance which, due to complexity and extensiveness of the model, is very difficult to detect and analyze. Therefore, an analytical solution in the frame of the first approximation is sought, based on the method of small parameter. For this, a few simplifying assumptions are adopted (undamped system, small amplitude and frequency of load and narrow gap in ERC). Then, undamped resonance frequencies are derived and analyzed. Results are compared with resonance curves of the original and unsimplified system and further solution of the problem in question is proposed.
BIOLOGICAL DISTANCES ON DNA KNOTS AND LINKS: Applications to XER recombination
Authors: DARCY ISABEL K. 
Published: July 2002

The mathematics of tangles has been very useful in studying recombinases which act processively and which require DNA to be in a certain configuration in order for the enzyme to act. Electron micrographs of the enzyme-DNA complex show the enzyme as a blob with DNA looping out of it. The configuration of the DNA within the blob cannot be determined form the electron micrographs. However, mathematics can in some cases determine the configuration of the DNA within the enzyme blob as well as the enzyme action. In this paper, several theorems used to analyze recombinase experiments are summarized. In particular Xer recombinase, an enzyme which does not act processively is analyzed. Unfortunately, for enzymes which do not act processively, infinitely many possibilities exist. Several experiments are proposed to reduce this number and to emphasize both the usefulness and limitations of tangle analysis. Although the local action cannot be mathematically determined without more biological assumptions, it is possible to determine the topology of the synaptic complex through additional biolgical experiments.
Modeling the storage architectures of commercial database systems
Authors: Batory D. S. 
Published: July 2002

Modeling the storage structures of a DBMS is a prerequisite to understanding and optimizing database performance. Previously, such modeling was very difficult because the fundamental role of conceptual-to-internal mappings in DBMS implementations went unrecognized.
In this paper we present a model of physical databases, called the transformation model, that makes conceptual-to-internal mappings explicit. By exposing such mappings, we show that it is possible to model the storage architectures (i.e., the storage structures and mappings) of many commercial DBMSs in a precise, systematic, and comprehendible way. Models of the INQUIRE, ADABAS, and SYSTEM 2000 storage architectures are presented as examples of the model's utility.
We believe the transformation model helps bridge the gap between physical database theory and practice. It also reveals the possibility of a technology to automate the development of physical database software.
Blindsight after Optic Nerve Injury Indicates Functionality of Spared Fibers
Authors: Wüst Stefan , Kasten Erich , Sabel Bernhard A. 
Published: July 2002

Abstract
Some patients with lesions in the geniculostriate pathway (GSP) can respond to visual stimuli in the blind field without conscious acknowledgement. The substrate for this “blind-sight” is controversial: whether it is the uninjured extrastriate pathway (EXP), which bypasses the lesion site, or residual fibers within damaged visual cortex (“islands of vision”). Using stimulus detection, localization, and spatial summation tasks, we have found blindsight in patients with damage both in the optic nerve (ON) and EXP. The prevalence and functional characteristics of their blindsight are indistinguishable from that in patients with GSP lesions, so blindsight does not require a completely intact EXP. The present findings support the view that a few surviving ON axons within an area of primary damage are sufficient to mediate blindsight: Several combinations of partially intact pathways can transmit information to the extrastriate cortex and the sum of activation of all visual fibers surviving the injury determines if and to what extent blindsight occurs.
TRANSITORISCHE AMBIGUITÄT IN THRENI III
Authors: Weber Beat 
Published: July 2002

AbstractThr. iii ist ein vierteiliges Poem in diptychischer Gestalt, wobei die Teile 1-21 und 34-54 einerseits sowie 22-33 und 55-66 andererseits zueinander parallel, aber untereinander kontrastiv stehen. Bei den Übergängen 21->22, 33->34 und 54->55 finden sich Scharnier-Bereiche, die den Umschlag von Klage zu Hoffnung bzw. vice versa bearbeiten. Dies geschieht durch unterschiedliche Muster transitorischer Ambiguität. Im ersten Fall wird diese durch angelegte Mehrdeutigkeiten im Bereich der Verbformen realisiert, im zweiten Fall durch eine Doppelgleisigkeit der Modi "Aussage" und "(rhetorische) Frage" und im dritten Fall durch das formkritische Nebeneinander von "Klage" und "Danklied". Diese Mehrdeutigkeitsformen der Poesie mit ihrer Ermöglichung der "Gleichzeitigkeit" von Aussagen werden theologisch in Dienst genommen, um die grosse Spannung auszudrücken, die darin besteht, dass JHWH, von dem Rettung erhofft wird, der gleiche ist, der als "Feind" die unermessliche Not verursacht hat.
ISRAELS PSALMEN IN ÄGYPTEN? PAPYRUS AMHERST 63 UND DIE PSALMEN XX UND LXXV
Authors: Rösel Martin 
Published: July 2002

AbstractDer in Ägypten gefundene Papyrus Amherst 63 enthält mehrere Einzeltexte unterschiedlicher Gattungen und Herkunft. Da sie zwar in aramäischer Sprache, aber in demotischer Schrift geschrieben wurden, gibt es bis heute keine allgemein akzeptierte Transkription oder Übersetzung. Der Aufsatz untersucht die in den Kolumnen 12 und 13 erhaltenen Texte, die aufgrund des auffälligen Gottesnamengebrauchs und inhaltlicher Parallelen aus israelitischen Traditionen stammen müssen. Über die bekannte Parallele von Kol. 12,11ff. zu Ps. xx hinaus wird argumentiert, daß sich in Kol. 13,5-9 Ps. lxxv 8-10 spiegelt. Auch zu Kol. 13,11ff. lassen sich biblische Parallelen (Ex. xv; Ps. xix) finden. Die Texte gehen offenbar auf gemeinsame Vorstufen zurück, die am Reichsheiligtum in Bethel tradiert wurden.
Moving reactive interfaces and fractal carbonate replacement patterns in serpentinites: evidence from the southern Iberia Abyssal Plain
Authors: Hopkinson L. J. , Dee S. , Boulter C. A. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractSerpentinized ultramafic rocks recovered from beneath the southern Iberia Abyssal Plain (Ocean Drilling Programme Leg 173) provide the first record of fractal carbonate replacement patterns in a serpentinite. The patterns are expressed as microscopic branching aggregates (clusters) of aragonite disseminated throughout the serpentinites. Aragonite growth was the final mineralization event. The aragonite diminishes rapidly in quantity from an essential to a trace component of the serpentinite over a distance of ∼40 m from a normal fault. Decreasing abundance of aragonite away from the normal fault links the growth of the carbonate to the multistage hydrothermal mineralization associated with the fault.Aragonite clusters are concentrated in picrolite, where they are interwoven with colloid-sized chrysotile, and show fractal growth habits. Areas adjacent to the clusters are sites of Mg enrichment of the serpentine medium relative to aragonite-free picrolite. It is interpreted that the aragonite clusters result from incursions of reactive seawater solutions through fine-scale pore structures in and around the fault in response to pressure gradients emanating from active tectonism. Cluster growth is interpreted to be a percolation phenomenon and provides a novel source of information on the nature of fine-scale reactive fluid flow, pore-space connectivity, and carbonate replacement processes in serpentinites.
Weathering of granodiorite and micaschists, and soil pollution at Mt. Mottarone (northern Italy)
Authors: Salvioli-Mariani E. , Toscani L. , Venturelli G. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractAt the top of Mt. Mottarone a thin level of micaschist, covered by soil, rests on granodioritic rocks. Both rock types underwent weathering with generation of new minerals and variation of the original chemical composition. The weathering produced phyllosilicates and Fe- and Al-hydroxides. Mass balance calculations on the basis of Zr immobility indicate that at least As, Bi, Cd, Mo and Sb were added to the micaschist, whereas the other elements were removed; the soil was also enriched in As, Bi, Cd, Mo and Sb during weathering. Dry and wet pollution was responsible for the addition of the elements listed above. On the other hand, Ca, Na, Mo and Sr were surely removed from the granodiorite during weathering, whereas Bi and Cu were added by percolation from the overlying micaschist. The chemical features of a spring issuing from granodiorite agree well with the element budget as deduced from the rock transformation. This is not the case, however, for a spring issuing from the micaschist.
Characterization and Optimization of Vesicle Properties in bioPISA: from Size Distribution to Post‐Assembly Loading
Authors: Belluati Andrea , Bloch Adrian , Koynov Kaloian , Müller Nieva Mariana , Bagherabadi Mohadeseh , Andrieu‐Brunsen Annette , Kolmar Harald , Bruns Nico 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the formation and properties of vesicles produced via biocatalytic Polymerization‐Induced Self‐Assembly (bioPISA) as artificial cells. Methods for achieving size uniformity, including gentle centrifugation and sucrose gradient centrifugation, are explored, and the effects of stirring speed on vesicle morphology is investigated. The internal structure of the vesicles, characterized by a polymer‐rich matrix, is analyzed using fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS). Additionally, the feasibility of loading macromolecules into pre‐formed vesicles is demonstrated using electroporation, and a fluorescent protein as well as enzymes for a cascade reaction were sucesfully incorporated into the fully assembled polymersomes. These findings provide a foundation for developing enzyme‐synthesized polymeric vesicles with controlled morphologies for various applications, e.g., in synthetic biology.
Anomalous Electron Doping in CdS to Promote the Efficiency Improvement in Sb2Se3 Thin Film Solar Cells
Authors: Cao Zixiu , Shao Bin , Ye Zhaoqing , Liu Chuanyu , Li Zhiqiang , Dong Jiabin , Wang Weihuang , Li Jianpeng , Liu Huizhen , Zhang Yi 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe quality of P‐N heterojunction is crucial for the performance of antimony selenide (Sb2Se3) solar cells and thus attracting urgent attention. In this work, the monovalent cation Ag+ is doped in CdS, which enhances the N‐type conductivity of CdS film anomalously and reduces its parasitic absorption simultaneously. Furthermore, Ag doping of CdS promotes the diffusion of Cd into the Sb2Se3 layer, forming CdSb defects, which enhances the P‐type conductivity of Sb2Se3 and reduces the density of deep‐level centers. With further chemical etching treatment on the CdS surface, the quality of the CdS/Sb2Se3 P‐N heterojunction is distinctly improved, making the energy band alignment of CdS/Sb2Se3 more favorable for carrier transportation. Finally, a remarkable efficiency of 8.14%, which is the highest efficiency among those with Jsc of 30.96 mA cm−2, is achieved for vapor transport deposition processed Sb2Se3 solar cells. This work provides a strategy to simultaneously optimize the CdS and Sb2Se3 functional layers and enhance the quality of P‐N heterojunction for efficient Sb2Se3 solar cells.
Trivalent Rare Earth Ion‐Doped Metal Halide Perovskite Near‐Infrared Semiconductors for High‐Performance Optoelectronic Devices
Authors: Yang Tao , Wang Ya‐Kun , Liao Liang‐Sheng 
Published: December 2024

AbstractGiven the extensive application of near‐infrared (NIR) emission, the quest for efficient and versatile NIR semiconductors have attracted tremendous attention. Leveraging trivalent rare earth (RE3+) ions doping, the integration of metal halide perovskites with RE3+ ions makes it easy to achieve NIR‐II emission (1000–1700 nm). However, although showing promise in bioimaging, optical communication, and night vision, enhancing NIR‐II emission intensity to promote further progress in real‐world applications remains a challenge. This review summarizes the recent advancements in RE3+ ion‐doped perovskite NIR semiconductors, and discusses what kind of properties are needed and how to achieve desired optical properties in various applications. The review starts with the synthesis methods for various material types with rich examples. Following this, the mechanisms of strategies for optimizing NIR luminescence performance are discussed in detail. Furthermore, the review highlights their multifunctional applications both as an electrically driven emitter in NIR light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) and as a down‐conversion emitter in photovoltaic devices (PVs) or phosphor‐converted LEDs (pc‐LEDs). Finally, insights on how to fill the gap between current research and future goals are provided. This review aims to provide a deeper understanding of RE3+ ion‐doped NIR light‐emitting perovskite materials, and to promote the exploration of efficient NIR emitters.
3D Bioprinting and Artificial Intelligence‐Assisted Biofabrication of Personalized Oral Soft Tissue Constructs
Authors: Dai Yichen , Wang Peter , Mishra Apurva , You Kui , Zong Yuheng , Lu Wen Feng , Chow Edward Kai‐Hua , Preshaw Philip M , Huang Dejian , Chew Jacob Ren Jie , Ho Dean , Sriram Gopu 
Published: December 2024

AbstractRegeneration of oral soft tissue defects, including mucogingival defects associated with the recession or loss of gingival and/or mucosal tissues around teeth and implants, is crucial for restoring oral tissue form, function, and health. This study presents a novel approach using three‐dimensional (3D) bioprinting to fabricate individualized grafts with precise size, shape, and layer‐by‐layer cellular organization. A multicomponent polysaccharide/fibrinogen‐based bioink is developed, and bioprinting parameters are optimized to create shape‐controlled oral soft tissue (gingival) constructs. Rheological, printability, and shape‐fidelity assays, demonstrated the influence of thickener concentration and print parameters on print resolution and shape fidelity. Artificial intelligence (AI)‐derived tool enabled streamline the iterative bioprinting parameter optimization and analysis of the interaction between the bioprinting parameters. The cell‐laden polysaccharide/fibrinogen‐based bioinks exhibited excellent cellular viability and shape fidelity of shape‐controlled, full‐thickness gingival tissue constructs over the 18‐day culture period. While variations in thickener concentrations within the bioink minimally impact the cellular organization and morphogenesis (gingival epithelial, connective tissue, and basement membrane markers), they influence the shape fidelity of the bioprinted constructs. This study represents a significant step toward the biofabrication of personalized soft tissue grafts, offering potential applications in the repair and regeneration of mucogingival defects associated with periodontal disease and dental implants.
Moisture‐Dependent Vibrational Dynamics and Phonon Transport in Nanocellulose Materials
Authors: Åhl Agnes , Nocerino Elisabetta , Veettil Unnimaya Thalakkale , Uetani Kojiro , Yu Shun , Armstrong Jeff , Juranyi Fanni , Bergström Lennart 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSuperinsulating nanofibrillar cellulose foams have the potential to replace fossil‐based insulating materials, but the development is hampered by the moisture‐dependent heat transport and the lack of direct measurements of phonon transport. Here, inelastic neutron scattering is used together with wide angle X‐ray scattering (WAXS) and small angle neutron scattering to relate the moisture‐dependent structural modifications to the vibrational dynamics and phonon transport and scattering of cellulose nanofibrils from wood and tunicate, and wood cellulose nanocrystals (W‐CNC). The moisture interacted primarily with the disordered regions in nanocellulose, and WAXS showed that the crystallinity and coherence length increased as the moisture content increased. The phonon population derived from directional‐dependent phonon density of states (GDOS) increased along the cellulose chains in W‐CNC between 5 and 8 wt% D2O, while the phonon population perpendicular to the chains remained relatively unaffected, suggesting that the effect of increased crystallinity and coherence length on phonon transport is compensated by the moisture‐induced swelling of the foam walls. Frequency scaling in the low‐energy GDOS showed that materials based on hygroscopic and semicrystalline nanocellulose falls in between the predicted behavior for solids and liquids. Phonon‐engineering of hygroscopic biopolymer‐based insulation materials is promoted by the insights on the moisture‐dependent phonon transport.
Engineering Triboelectric Paper for Energy Harvesting and Smart Sensing
Authors: Zhang Renyun , Chen Dabo , Hummelgård Magnus , Blomquist Nicklas , Dahlström Christina , Chen Wenshuai , Li Jiayong , Örtegren Jonas , Wang Zhong Lin 
Published: December 2024

AbstractTriboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) represent a promising technology for energy harvesting and self‐powered sensing with a wide range of applications. Despite their potential, challenges such as the need for cost‐effective, large‐area electrodes and engineering sustainable triboelectric materials remain, especially given the impending restrictions on single‐use engineering plastics in Europe. To address these challenges, engineering nano‐graphite‐coated paper is presented as a sustainable and high‐performance alternative for triboelectric layers. Moreover, this material, which can be produced on an industrial scale, offers a viable replacement for metal electrodes. The combination of nano‐graphite and paper, with its large contact area and inherent surface roughness, enables ultra‐high power densities exceeding 14 kW m−2, driven by electrostatic discharge at the surface. Beyond energy harvesting, smart sensors are developed for floors and walls that detect movements for security purposes and smart sheets that monitor body movements and physiological activities during sleep. The findings highlight the potential of this engineering paper to serve as an eco‐friendly alternative to engineering plastics in TENGs and electrodes, opening new avenues for future applications.