bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effort–cost computation in a transdiagnostic psychiatric sample: Differences among patients with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder
Authors: Zou Ying‐Min , Ni Ke , Wang Yan‐Yu , Yu En‐Qing , Lui Simon S. Y. , Zhou Fu‐Chun , Yang Han‐Xue , Cohen Alex S. , Strauss Gregory P. , Cheung Eric F. C. , Chan Raymond C. K. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAmotivational symptoms are observed in schizophrenia (SCZ), bipolar disorder (BD), and major depressive disorder (MDD). Effort–cost computation may be a potential contributor to amotivation transdiagnostically. This study examined effort–cost computation in these three diagnostic groups. This study recruited 141 outpatients (49 SCZ, 52 non‐psychotic BD, and 40 non‐psychotic MDD) and 57 healthy controls (HCs). We administered the Effort‐Expenditure for Reward Task (EEfRT), which manipulated different levels of reward magnitude and probability relating to a high and low physical effort task. There were significant interactions between group and reward magnitude, group and reward probability, and group and expected value on the percentage of high‐effort choices. SCZ, BD, and MDD patients made comparably fewer high‐effort choices than HCs in the high‐reward magnitude, high‐reward probability, and high‐expected‐value conditions. Self‐reported amotivation did not correlate with decision‐making on the EEfRT. Our findings suggest that reduced effort expenditure for reward is a transdiagnostic phenotype in SCZ, BD, and MDD.
Association between timing of diagnosis of trisomy 21, 18, and 13 and maternal socio‐economic status in Victoria, Australia: A population‐based cohort study from 2015 to 2016
Authors: Kluckow Eliza , Halliday Jane , Poulton Alice , Lindquist Anthea , Hutchinson Briohny , Bethune Michael , Bonacquisto Leonard , Da Silva Costa Fabricio , Gugasyan Lucy , Harraway James , Howden Amanda , Kulkarni Abhijit , Martin Nicole , McCoy Richard , Menezes Melody , Nisbet Debbie , Palma‐Dias Ricardo , Pertile Mark D. , Poulakis Zeffie , Hui Lisa 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectivesTo explore the association between timing of diagnosis of common autosomal trisomies, maternal age, and socio‐economic status (SES).DesignRetrospective study of cytogenetic diagnoses of trisomy 21 (T21), trisomy 18 (T18), and trisomy 13 (T13) in Victoria, Australia, in 2015 to 2016, stratified by timing (prenatal less than 17 weeks gestation, prenatal including or greater than or 17 weeks gestation, and postnatal before 12 months of age), maternal age, and SES region. Utilisation of prenatal testing following a live‐born T21 infant was ascertained via record linkage.ResultsAmong 160 230 total births were 571 diagnoses of T21 and 246 of T18/T13. The overall and live birth prevalences of T21 were 3.56 and 0.47 per 1000 births, respectively. Compared with women from disadvantaged SES regions, women from high SES regions were more likely to have a prenatal diagnosis of a trisomy before 17 weeks than after (P < .01) and less likely to have a live‐born T21 infant than a prenatal diagnosis (P < .01). There was a significant trend to higher live birth rates of T21 with lower SES (P = .004). The majority (68.5%) of women who gave birth to a live infant with T21 did not utilise prenatal testing.ConclusionThere is a significant relationship between lower SES, later prenatal diagnosis of trisomy, and higher live birth rate of T21 in Victoria.
Planar‐type concentrating photovoltaics with cylindrical lenses directly integrated with thin flexible GaAs solar cells
Authors: Lee Taeyeon , Kim Juho , Cho Sungbum , Pyo Sangjin , Song Kwangsun , Lee Jongho 
Published: November 2019

AbstractConcentrated photovoltaics allow a reduction of expensive semiconductor materials by collecting incident light through optical elements such as lenses and/or mirrors, which usually require bulky or heavy dual‐axis solar trackers, requiring dedicated installation sites. In this paper, we report a planar‐type concentrating photovoltaics with cylindrical lenses on which flexible GaAs solar cells are directly integrated on the curvilinear surfaces. The planar‐type concentrating system maintains both a focused beam width and angle invariably onto its integrated solar cells throughout the day. Computational and experimental studies at various incident angles prove the benefits of the design. Demonstrations of a custom‐built cylindrical lens solar tracker installed on a rooftop or sidewall of a building prove the feasibility of the proposed concept.
eHealth and mHealth interventions in pediatric cancer: A systematic review of interventions across the cancer continuum
Authors: Ramsey William A. , Heidelberg Rebecca Elyse , Gilbert Alexandra M. , Heneghan Mallorie B. , Badawy Sherif M. , Alberts Nicole M. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectivesThe primary objectives were to (a) identify current published research in electronic health (eHealth) and mobile health (mHealth) interventions for youth undergoing cancer treatment and child, adolescent, and young adult survivors of childhood cancer and (b) critically appraise the current scientific evidence on their effectiveness and efficacy. As an exploratory aim, we identified pediatric cancer patients' and survivors' perceptions, attitudes, and concerns related to eHealth and mHealth interventions.MethodsA comprehensive search of the literature was performed to identify peer‐reviewed journal articles that included the use of mHealth and eHealth interventions among youth receiving active cancer treatment and survivors of childhood cancer through the age range of childhood to young adulthood (mean age 21 years or younger at the time of diagnosis; mean age 39 years or younger at the time of intervention). The search was conducted via six electronic databases: PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, PsycINFO, IEEEXplore and the Cochrane Library.ResultsOf the 1879 potential records examined, 21 met criteria for inclusion for a total of 1506 participants. Of the investigations included, 13 were randomized controlled trials, and eight were nonrandomized studies. Findings demonstrated feasibility as well as acceptability with these approaches. Evidence of efficacy for interventions targeting emotional distress, health behaviors, health outcomes, and neurocognitive functioning was mixed.ConclusionsGiven the growing evidence of efficacy, coupled with increasing access to digital technologies, eHealth and mHealth may serve an important role in improving mental and physical health outcomes of youth undergoing cancer treatment and child, adolescent, and young adult survivors of childhood cancer.
Brief culturally informed smartphone interventions decrease breast cancer symptom burden among Latina breast cancer survivors
Authors: Yanez Betina , Oswald Laura B. , Baik Sharon H. , Buitrago Diana , Iacobelli Francisco , Perez‐Tamayo Alejandra , Guitelman Judy , Penedo Frank J. , Buscemi Joanna 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectiveLatina breast cancer survivors (BCS) report more symptom burden and poorer health‐related quality of life than non‐Latina BCS. However, there are few evidence‐based and culturally informed resources that are easily accessible to this population. This study aimed to establish the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of the My Guide and My Health smartphone applications among Latina BCS. Both applications are culturally informed and contain evidence‐based information for reducing symptom burden and improving health‐related quality of life (My Guide) or healthy lifestyle promotion (My Health).MethodsParticipants (N = 80) were randomized to use the My Guide or My Health smartphone applications for 6 weeks. Assessments occurred at baseline (T1) after the 6‐week intervention (T2) and 2‐week post‐T2 (T3). Outcomes were participant recruitment and retention rates, patient‐reported satisfaction, and validated measures of symptom burden and health‐related quality of life.ResultsRecruitment was acceptable (79%), retention was excellent (>90%), and over 90% of participants were satisfied with their application. On average, participants in both conditions used the applications for more than 1 hour per week. Symptom burden declined from T1 to T2 across both conditions, but this decline was not maintained at T3. Breast cancer well‐being improved from T1 to T2 across both conditions and was maintained at T3.ConclusionsLatina BCS who used the My Guide and My Health applications reported temporary decreases in symptom burden and improved breast cancer well‐being over time, though there were no differential effects between conditions. Findings suggest that technology may facilitate Latina BCS engagement in care after breast cancer treatment.
Hybrid Electron Microscopy Normal Mode Analysis with Scipion
Authors: Harastani Mohamad , Sorzano Carlos Oscar S. , Jonić Slavica 
Published: November 2019

AbstractHybrid Electron Microscopy Normal Mode Analysis (HEMNMA) method was introduced in 2014. HEMNMA computes normal modes of a reference model (an atomic structure or an electron microscopy map) of a molecular complex and uses this model and its normal modes to analyze single‐particle images of the complex to obtain information on its continuous conformational changes, by determining the full distribution of conformational variability from the images. An advantage of HEMNMA is a simultaneous determination of all parameters of each image (particle conformation, orientation, and shift) through their iterative optimization, which allows applications of HEMNMA even when the effects of conformational changes dominate those of orientational changes. HEMNMA was first implemented in Xmipp and was using MATLAB for statistical analysis of obtained conformational distributions and for fitting of underlying trajectories of conformational changes. A HEMNMA implementation independent of MATLAB is now available as part of a plugin of Scipion V2.0 (http://scipion.i2pc.es). This plugin, named ContinuousFlex, can be installed by following the instructions at https://pypi.org/project/scipion-em-continuousflex. In this article, we present this new HEMNMA software, which is user‐friendly, totally free, and open‐source.Statement for a Broader AudienceThis article presents Hybrid Electron Microscopy Normal Mode Analysis (HEMNMA) software that allows analyzing single‐particle images of a complex to obtain information on continuous conformational changes of the complex, by determining the full distribution of conformational variability from the images. The HEMNMA software is user‐friendly, totally free, open‐source, and available as part of ContinuousFlex plugin (https://pypi.org/project/scipion-em-continuousflex) of Scipion V2.0 (http://scipion.i2pc.es).
Criteria for reporting noncompartmental estimates of half‐life and area under the curve extrapolated to infinity
Authors: Noe Dennis A. 
Published: November 2019

SUMMARYVarious criteria have been proposed for determining the reliability of noncompartmental pharmacokinetic estimates of the terminal disposition phase half‐life (t1/2) and the extrapolated area under the curve (AUCextrap). This simulation study assessed the performance of two frequently used reportability rules: the terminal disposition phase regression adjusted‐r2 classification rule and the regression data point time span classification rule. Using simulated data, these rules were assessed in relation to the magnitude of the variability in the terminal disposition phase slope, the length of the terminal disposition phase captured in the concentration‐time profile (data span), the number of data points present in the terminal disposition phase, and the type and level of variability in concentration measurement. The accuracy of estimating t1/2 was satisfactory for data spans of 1.5 and longer, given low measurement variability; and for spans of 2.5 and longer, given high measurement variability. Satisfactory accuracy in estimating AUCextrap was only achieved with low measurement variability and spans of 2.5 and longer. Neither of the classification rules improved the identification of accurate t1/2 and AUCextrap estimates. Based on the findings of this study, a strategy is proposed for determining the reportability of estimates of t1/2 and area under the curve extrapolated to infinity.
Hydrolytic deamination reactions of amidine and nucleobase derivatives
Authors: Uddin Kabir M. , Alrawashdeh Ahmad I. , Henry David J. , Warburton Peter L. , Poirier Raymond A. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAmidines share the same NC─N building framework with many essential biochemical substances. In this work, we present a comparative mechanistic study on the deamination reactions of 19 amidine and nucleobase derivatives by the use of density functional theory. All the computations are performed at the B3LYP/6‐31G(d,p) level in the gas phase and with the polarizable continuum model (PCM). Mechanisms of 2‐ and 3‐step pathways including six‐ or eight‐membered ring transition states were explored. Our results show that the overall activation energies for the deamination of amidine derivatives are close to those of nucleobase derivatives of the saturated C5─C6 bond, and lower than those of nucleobase derivatives of the unsaturated C5─C6 bond, while purine derivatives have the highest activation energies among all the derivatives studied. The 3‐step mechanism gives results that are more consistent with the available experimental data than the 2‐step mechanism. Based on the results of our current and previous work, we believe that the 3‐step mechanism is the most likely mechanism for the hydrolytic deamination reactions of amidine and nucleobase derivatives.
The extremal structures of k‐uniform unicyclic hypergraphs on Wiener index
Authors: Zou Xin , Zhu Zhongxun , Lu Hongyan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe Wiener index of a connected k‐uniform hypergraph is defined as the summation of distances between all pairs of vertices. We determine the unique k‐uniform unicyclic hypergraphs with maximum and second maximum, minimum and second minimum Wiener indices, respectively.
External electric field effect on electronic properties and charge transfer in CoI2/NiI2 spinterface
Authors: Melchakova Iuliia , Kovaleva Evgenia A. , Mikhaleva Natalia S. , Tomilin Felix N. , Ovchinnikov Sergey G. , Kuzubov Alexander A. , Avramov Paul 
Published: November 2019

AbstractElectronic structure and spin‐related properties of CoI2/NiI2 heterostructure were studied by means of density functional theory. It was shown that the electronic structure at the Fermi level can be characterized by a band gap. The effect of the external electric field on charge transfer and electronic properties of the CoI2/NiI2 interface was investigated, and it was found that band gap width depends on the strength of the applied electric field, switching its nature from semiconducting to a half‐metallic one. An easy control of the electronic properties and promising spin‐polarized nature of the CoI2/NiI2 spinterface allows the heterostructure to be used in spin‐related applications.
Near‐Field Energy Transfer between a Luminescent 2D Material and Color Centers in Diamond
Authors: Nelz Richard , Radtke Mariusz , Slablab Abdallah , Xu Zai‐Quan , Kianinia Mehran , Li Chi , Bradac Carlo , Aharonovich Igor , Neu Elke 
Published: November 2019

AbstractEnergy transfer between fluorescent probes lies at the heart of many applications ranging from bio‐sensing and bio‐imaging to enhanced photodetection and light harvesting. In this work, Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) between shallow defects in diamond—nitrogen‐vacancy (NV) centers—and atomically thin, 2D materials—tungsten diselenide (WSe2)—is studied. By means of fluorescence lifetime imaging, the occurrence of FRET in the WSe2/NV system is demonstrated. Further, it is shown that in the coupled system, NV centers provide an additional excitation pathway for WSe2 photoluminescence. The results constitute the first step toward the realization of hybrid quantum systems involving single‐crystal diamond and 2D materials that may lead to new strategies for studying and controlling spin transfer phenomena and spin valley physics.
A moving switching sequence approach for nonlinear model predictive control of switched systems with state‐dependent switches and state jumps
Authors: Katayama Sotaro , Doi Masahiro , Ohtsuka Toshiyuki 
Published: November 2019

SummaryIn this paper, we propose an approach for real‐time implementation of nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC) for switched systems with state‐dependent switches called the moving switching sequence approach. In this approach, the switching sequence on the horizon moves to the present time at each time as well as the optimal state trajectory and the optimal control input on the horizon. We assume that the switching sequence is basically invariant until the first predicted switching time reaches the current time or a new switch enters the horizon. This assumption is reasonable in NMPC for systems with state‐dependent switches and reduces computational cost significantly compared with the direct optimization of the switching sequence all over the horizon. We update the switching sequence by checking whether an additional switch occurs or not at the last interval of the present switching sequence and whether the actual switch occurs or not between the current time and the next sampling time. We propose an algorithm consisting of two parts: (1) the local optimization of the control input and switching instants by solving the two‐point boundary‐value problem for the whole horizon under a given switching sequence and (2) the detection of an additional switch and the reconstruction of the solution taking into account the additional switch. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method through numerical simulations of a compass‐like biped walking robot, which contains state‐dependent switches and state jumps.
Promoting sustainable livelihoods: An approach to postdisaster reconstruction
Authors: Gyawali Surya , Tiwari Sudarshan Raj , Bajracharya Sushil Bahadur , Skotte Hans Narve 
Published: November 2019

AbstractDisasters are widely accepted as “windows of opportunity” to withstand strongly for other shocks and stresses. There are no “one‐size‐fit‐to‐all” postdisaster reconstruction approaches; it depends upon the context. Recently, livelihood strategies are considered as a layer of resilience and applied as a postdisaster reconstruction approach for promoting sustainable livelihoods. The purpose of the paper is to explore how earthquake‐affected rural communities have promoted their livelihoods through postdisaster reconstruction. The paper examines how the strategy of livelihoods can be linked to postdisaster reconstruction approaches for promoting sustainable livelihoods and help to achieve rural development objectives. The study adopted semistructured interview methods in three postdisaster reconstructed settlements of Nepal. The face‐to‐face interviews were conducted with key stakeholders and investigated the livelihood interventions considered for postdisaster reconstruction approaches. The study established that postdisaster activities such as the relief, recovery, and reconstruction should be linked with livelihood provisioning, livelihood protection, and livelihood promotion. Measuring the change in terms of sustainable livelihoods the disaster is complex and has to be considered as a long‐term goal of postdisaster recovery. Nepal is on the process of postdisaster reconstruction. The postdisaster reconstruction experiences over 4 years that have identified good practices such as reconstruction settlement should be linked to formerly existing livelihoods and promote gender equity through improving their economic situation, sustainable use of natural resources, and community participation in the reconstruction and livelihood interventions process, which are highly relevant for the further postdisaster recovery process.
Psychological stress reduces the immunological benefits of breast milk
Authors: Moirasgenti Maria , Doulougeri Karolina , Panagopoulou Efharis , Theodoridis Theodoros 
Published: November 2019

AbstractOur study aimed to assess the impact of maternal psychological stress on the immunological components of breast milk. Eighty‐nine women participated in the study. We assessed general stress, postpartum‐specific stress, negative affectivity, salivary cortisol of mother, and secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) levels of breast milk 4–6 weeks after delivery. Controlling for the effects of women's age, weight, number, and duration of feedings, postpartum‐specific stress was related to reduced sIgA concentration (R2 = .206, beta = −.275, p = .020). This study suggests that the established link between psychological stress and immunity may also extend to the immunity of the newborn by reducing the immunological benefits of breast milk. It also suggests that breastfeeding might be a potential mechanism of the relationship between maternal stress and the health of the offspring. Findings highlight the need for interventions addressing women during the postpartum period, in order to ensure the mother's well‐being and the infant's optimal development.
Thermal and physical properties of concrete containing glass after cooling in different paths
Authors: Dong Zhihao , Sun Qiang , Zhang Weiqiang 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis paper studies the thermal and physical properties of concrete containing glass at different cooling paths. The coarse aggregates in the concrete samples with glass aggregate are 50% calcareous sand and 50% glass. After heating at different temperature, the samples are cooled at water (thermal shock) and air (thermal aging), and then dried. Afterwards, surface color, mass, thermal conductivity, compressional wave velocity, and compressive strength of the samples are measured. The results show that the color change is related to the content of Ca(OH)2. The mass change is mainly related to the evaporation of free water and chemically bond water and the mass loss of thermal shock samples is lower than that of thermal aging samples. The thermal conductivity of concrete made with limestone is higher than that of concrete made with glass. Thermal shock has little effect on the wave velocity and compressive strength of the concrete. The strength of the samples made without glass is significantly higher than that of the samples made with glass. Thermal shock causes a denser microstructure than thermal aging due to the rehydration of the components. The color change, mass loss, thermal conductivity, wave velocity, and compressive strength of the concrete are related to the rehydration of components in concrete and the relationships between these parameters show good linear relationships.