bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exercise Training Reduces Inflammation of Adipose Tissue in the Elderly: Cross-Sectional and Randomized Interventional Trial
Authors: Čížková Terezie , Štěpán Marek , Daďová Klára , Ondrůjová Barbora , Sontáková Lenka , Krauzová Eva , Matouš Miloš , Koc Michal , Gojda Jan , Kračmerová Jana , Štich Vladimír , Rossmeislová Lenka , Šiklová Michaela 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Context
Metabolic disturbances and a pro-inflammatory state associated with aging and obesity may be mitigated by physical activity or nutrition interventions.

Objective
The aim of this study is to assess whether physical fitness/exercise training (ET) alleviates inflammation in adipose tissue (AT), particularly in combination with omega-3 supplementation, and whether changes in AT induced by ET can contribute to an improvement of insulin sensitivity and metabolic health in the elderly.

Design, Participants, Main Outcome Measures
The effect of physical fitness was determined in cross-sectional comparison of physically active/physically fit (trained) and sedentary/less physically fit (untrained) older women (71 ± 4 years, n = 48); and in double-blind randomized intervention by 4 months of ET with or without omega-3 (Calanus oil) supplementation (n = 55). Physical fitness was evaluated by spiroergometry (maximum graded exercise test) and senior fitness tests. Insulin sensitivity was measured by hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp. Samples of subcutaneous AT were used to analyze mRNA gene expression, cytokine secretion, and immune cell populations.

Results
Trained women had lower mRNA levels of inflammation and oxidative stress markers, lower relative content of CD36+ macrophages, and higher relative content of γδT-cells in AT when compared with untrained women. Similar effects were recapitulated in response to a 4-month ET intervention. Content of CD36+ cells, γδT-cells, and mRNA expression of several inflammatory and oxidative stress markers correlated to insulin sensitivity and cardiorespiratory fitness.

Conclusions
In older women, physical fitness is associated with less inflammation in AT. This may contribute to beneficial metabolic outcomes achieved by ET. When combined with ET, omega-3 supplementation had no additional beneficial effects on AT inflammatory characteristics.
ARMC5 Alterations in Patients With Sporadic Neuroendocrine Tumors and Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 (MEN1)
Authors: Damjanovic Svetozar S , Antic Jadranka A , Elezovic-Kovacevic Valentina I , Dundjerovic Dusko M , Milicevic Ivana T , Beleslin-Cokic Bojana B , Ilic Bojana B , Rodic Gordana S , Berthon Annabel , Maria Andrea Gutierrez , Faucz Fabio R , Stratakis Constantine A 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Context
Adrenal lesions are frequent among patients with sporadic neuroendocrine tumors (spNETs) or multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1). Armadillo repeat-containing 5 (ARMC5)-inactivating variants cause adrenal tumors and possibly other neoplasms.

Objective
The objective of this work is to investigate a large cohort spNETs or MEN1 patients for changes in the ARMC5 gene.

Patients and Methods
A total of 111 patients, 94 with spNET and 17 with MEN1, were screened for ARMC5 germline alterations. Thirty-six tumors (18 spNETs and 18 MEN1 related) were collected from 20 patients. Blood and tumor DNA samples were genotyped using Sanger sequencing and microsatellite markers for chromosomes. ARMC5 and MEN1 expression were assessed by immunohistochemistry.

Results
In 76 of 111 (68.4%) patients, we identified 16 different ARMC5 germline variants, 2 predicted as damaging. There were no differences in the prevalence of ARMC5 variants depending on the presence of MEN1-related adrenal lesions. Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at chromosome 16p and ARMC5 germline variants were present together in 23 or 34 (67.6%) tumors; in 7 of 23 (30.4%) their presence led to biallelic inactivation of the ARMC5 gene. The latter was more prevalent in MEN1-related tumors than in spNETs (88.9% vs 38.9%; P = .005). LOH at the chromosome 16p (ARMC5) and 11q (MEN1) loci coexisted in 16/18 MEN1-related tumors, which also expressed lower ARMC5 (P = .02) and MEN1 (P = .01) proteins compared to peritumorous tissues.

Conclusion
Germline ARMC5 variants are common among spNET and MEN1 patients. ARMC5 haploinsufficiency or biallelic inactivation in spNETs and MEN1-related tumors suggests that ARMC5 may have a role in modifying the phenotype of patients with spNETs and/or MEN1 beyond its known role in macronodular adrenocortical hyperplasia.
Loss of CREBRF Reduces Anxiety-like Behaviors and Circulating Glucocorticoids in Male and Female Mice
Authors: Frahm Krystle A , Williams Akeem A , Wood Ashlee N , Ewing Michael C , Mattila Polly E , Chuan Byron W , Guo Lanping , Shah Faraaz A , O’Donnell Christopher P , Lu Ray , DeFranco Donald B 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Glucocorticoid signaling controls many key biological functions ranging from stress responses to affective states. The putative transcriptional coregulator CREB3 regulatory factor (CREBRF) reduces glucocorticoid receptor levels in vitro, suggesting that CREBRF may impact behavioral and physiological outputs. In the present study, we examined adult male and female mice with global loss of CREBRF (CrebrfKO) for anxiety-like behaviors and circulating glucocorticoids in response to various acute stress conditions. Results demonstrate that both male and female CrebrfKO mice have preserved locomotor activity but reduced anxiety-like behaviors during the light–dark box and elevated plus maze. These behavioral phenotypes were associated with lower plasma corticosterone after restraint stress. Further studies using unhandled female mice also demonstrated a loss of the diurnal circulating corticosterone rhythm in CrebrfKO mice. These results suggest that CREBRF impacts anxiety-like behavior and circulating glucocorticoids in response to acute stressors and serves as a basis for future mechanistic studies to define the impact of CREBRF in glucocorticoid-associated behavioral and physiological responses.
Can You Tell by Looking? A Postvisible Definition of Asian American Literature
Authors: Lee Sue-Im 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This essay identifies a need for a postvisible definition of Asian American literature. Traditionally Asian American literature has been identified by the racial descent of the writer and recognizable “Asian American” content, but such qualifications are no longer sufficient and prompt the question, “But is it Asian American?” In order to theorize a postvisible definition, this essay engages twentieth-century philosophy of art to delineate three distinct approaches to definition in Asian American literary history: a “real” definition in its founding period that pursued exactitude and empiricism in substantiating a new category of art called Asian American literature, to an anti-definition in the 1990s, and to the pluralist, nonnormative definition since 2000 in which identifying a text as Asian American is an exercise in persuasively situating the text within the Asian American literary artworld, not in identifying visibly “detectible” properties.
Debout les rats: guerra e fascismo no mural alegórico de Oswald de Andrade.
Authors: De Freitas Nanci 
Published: September 2020

O texto analisa o quadro Debout les rats da peça O homem e o cavalo, de Oswald de Andrade, que “encena” o apocalipse histórico que foi a Primeira Guerra Mundial. O roteiro cênico foi construído a partir de analogia com imagens da explosiva narrativa doApocalipse de São João, transfiguradas em dimensão profana. O escritor utiliza as sequências visuais do texto bíblico como suporte para seu mural, acentuando o caráterde “imaginação pictórica” das palavras, sugerindo ao leitor/espectador o impacto da guerra. O ensaio dialoga com o pensamento de Eisenstein, Walter Benjamin e Peter Bürger, sobre a técnica de montagem e a alegoria, procedimentos próprios das vanguardas artísticas do início do século XX.Palavras-chave: teatro de Oswald de Andrade; O homem e o cavalo; Apocalipse de São João; montagem, alegoria, fascismo.
As mãos das musas: memória e transparência segundo Louise Bourgeois
Authors: Mota Virgínia 
Published: September 2020

Louise Bourgeois encontrou na arte a marca indelével de uma infância vivida. Analiso aqui os traços distintivos da transformação das memórias da artista num processo de transparência que os seus escritos confirmam, indo assim ao encontro do que Walter Benjamin experimentou como narrativa e Sigmund Freud com uma coleção de artefatos. Brinquedos, segundo Bourgeois.
Impact of volunteers in the emergency department
Authors: Mehta Freya , Griffiths Peter 
Published: September 2020

Background: Fundamental aspects of patient experience have been reported as substandard in emergency departments. Hospital volunteers can improve the patient experience in inpatient settings. However, evidence is limited on their impact in emergency departments. Aims: To determine whether emergency department volunteers could enhance patient experience through assisting with the psychological aspect of patient care and patients' nutritional needs. Methods: Patients attending an emergency department responded to a questionnaire as part of a cross-sectional study. Comparisons were made between when the volunteer scheme was running and when there were no volunteers. Outcomes included patient experience of emotional support from staff and access to food and drink. Results: Patients present when the volunteer scheme was running reported obtaining food and drink more often (96/124 vs 20/39, % rate difference 26, 95% CI 10–42, P=0.002) and that a member of staff offered them something to eat and drink more frequently (96/146 vs 19/52, % rate difference 29, 95% CI 14–45, P<0.001). There was no difference between patient responses when the volunteer scheme was running and not for emotional support from staff (49/68 vs 14/21, % rate difference 5, 95% CI -17-28, P=0.63). Conclusions: Hospital volunteers made a substantial contribution to providing food and drink to patients in the emergency department. Emotional support from volunteers was limited.
Impact of Riparian and Stream Restoration on Denitrification in Geomorphic Features of Agricultural Streams
Authors: Welsh Molly K. , McMillan Sara K. , Vidon Philippe G. 
Published: September 2020

HighlightsDenitrification enzyme activity (DEA) was measured in stream sediments of restored and unrestored agricultural streams.Nitrate, sediment characteristics, riparian vegetation, and geomorphology influenced DEA.Pools at restored sites had lower organic carbon, coarser sediment textures, and lower denitrification potential.Restoration strategies should increase organic carbon and residence times through complex flowpaths.Abstract. Agricultural land use, channel modifications, and riparian vegetation composition can affect instream denitrification by altering geomorphic features, such as sediment texture, organic matter, retention time, and hyporheic exchange. Stream and riparian restoration is widely implemented in agricultural watersheds to mitigate excess nutrient export to sensitive downstream waters; however, the cumulative impact of channel reconstruction and altered channel and near-stream morphology on nitrogen dynamics remains poorly understood. We measured denitrification enzyme activity (DEA) and environmental variables (e.g., water chemistry, sediment texture, and organic matter) in different geomorphic features in agriculturally influenced streams in North Carolina with varied channel and riparian zone characteristics. Our results indicate that denitrification is primarily influenced by increased transport of nitrate (NO3-) to the streams in wetter months. Secondarily, structural factors, including riparian vegetation and stream geomorphology, impact denitrification by controlling the distribution of sediment texture and organic carbon. In the newly restored stream, we observed coarser streambed sediments and low sediment organic carbon, especially in scour pools constructed downstream from cross-vanes. Lower DEA was observed in restored pools (39.1 ng N g-1 dry mass h-1) compared to naturally occurring pools (70.7 to 278.1 ng N g-1 dry mass h-1). These results highlight the need for restoration strategies to be directed at increasing organic carbon and residence times through complex flowpaths (e.g., meanders, root wads, artificial woody debris dams). Keywords: Denitrification, Freshwater, Nitrogen, Restoration, Riparian, Stream, Water quality.
Open-channel-based dual-core D-shaped photonic crystal fiber plasmonic biosensor
Authors: Momtaj Maliha , Mou Jannatul Robaiat , Kamrunnahar Q. M. , Islam Md. A. 
Published: September 2020

A simple dual-core D-shaped plasmonic refractive index (RI) sensor with an open-arch channel is introduced in this paper. A thin plasmonic gold layer is inserted on the slotted portion, which makes the sensor cost effective. By introducing a ring in the flat surface of the D-shaped structure, the coupling effect is increased, which enhances sensor performance. The commonly used finite element method is applied to characterize sensor performance. Numerical investigation under the wavelength interrogation method shows maximum spectral sensitivities of 16,000 nm/RIU and 17,000 nm/RIU along with corresponding resolutions of

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Suicídio.com: o último ato do espetáculo
Authors: Pacífico Marsiel , Gomes Luiz Roberto 
Published: September 2020

Dialogando com a intersecção teórica entre referências centrais da Teoria Crítica da Sociedade e o filósofo Guy Debord, por meio de revisão bibliográfica e de estudos de caso, o presente artigo buscou discutir a temática do suicídio.com. Apesar de o termo já ter sido cunhado, o mesmo foi feito, genericamente, para casos de suicídio em que o autor utiliza algum meio digital para o ato. Assim sendo, o suicídio.com apresentou suas próprias características e formas de manifestação, que se diferem entre casos nos quais os suicidas são incentivados e orientados por sites e/ou usuários da internet onde, em geral, tais práticas ficam restritas aos fóruns, sendo acompanhadas pelos chats, tendo como forma de registro visual eventuais fotos do processo; criação de grupos suicidas onde as pessoas se encontram em fóruns sobre o assunto e criam um pacto de morte coletiva; ou casos em que o suicida torna a prática pública em vídeo e ao vivo, a partir do acesso dos internautas à webcam. Todavia, a propositura levantada abarcou uma nova compreensão do conceito, que pôde ser alicerçado nas seguintes premissas: a) o suicídio, enquanto fenômeno social, está circunscrito ao contexto histórico e aos fatores culturais de seu tempo e espaço, portanto, a mídia é um componente inerente às práticas contemporâneas de suicídio; b) o suicídio.com, porém, não é somente a replicação virtualizada do suicídio tradicional; é consequente dos processos de espetacularização pública da vida privada em ambientes virtuais.
A correspondência entre Marx e Engels: apontamentos sobre o método
Authors: Claudio DiMauro  
Published: September 2020

Quando fiz minha primeira viagem à Cuba, em 1988, tive oportunidade de conhecer o País, antes do desmonte da União Soviética.
O debate teórico no País era intenso. Apesar do esforço para resolver seus problemas materiais, os cubanos sempre estavam envolvidos com sua formação intelectual. Na época Gorbachev tinha publicado o Peristróika e tive oportunidade de ver diversos cubanos lendo o livro, nos ônibus do Transporte Coletivo (Uaua)
O povo cubano reconhecia que as ações práticas deveriam estar fundamentadas em princípios metodológicos, capazes de orientar suas decisões.
O Livro do qual faço a tradução, certamente com muitas imperfeições, demonstra com toda clareza essa leitura que fiz de Havana, Matambre, Trinidad, Cienfuegos, Hanabanilla, Santa Clara, Pinar del Rio e Varadero, entre outros lugares que tive a satisfação de conhecer, naquela oportunidade. Depois, voltei mais duas vezes à Cuba. Em uma delas, por deferência da Universidade de Havana, recebi a medalha ALMA MATER em solenidade especial na Reitoria da Universidade, ocasião em que também foram homenageados outros geógrafos brasileiros, entre eles a Professora Doutora Silvana Maria Pintaudi, Professora Doutora Arlete Moysés Rodrigues e especialmente o Professor Doutor Milton Santos que recebeu um troféu.
Posteriormente fui designado como representante brasileiro da Sociedade Cubana de Geografia, por iniciativa de meu saudoso e querido Professor da Universidade de Havana Doutor José Manuel Mateo Rodriguez.
PID controller tuning using bacterial Quorum Sensing (QS)
Authors: Martínez Sarmiento Fredy Hernán , Acero Soto Diego Mauricio 
Published: September 2020

Objective: PID controllers are widely used to operate AC motors due to their simplicity and easy implementation. However, adjusting its parameters in search of an optimal scheme can be complex because it requires manual tuning by trial and error. This research aims to implement an optimized tuning scheme through a search based on the idealized behavior of a community of bacteria and its Quorum Sensing (QS).
Methodology: A closed-loop system model with PID control considering disturbances is proposed in order to tune a disturbance-resistant controller. The response of the model is calculated using a search that mimics a simplified model of bacterial behavior. The scheme uses ITSE (Integral Time Squared Error) as the performance index.
Results: The tuning resulting from the proposed scheme was evaluated by simulation and compared with tunings of the same model made by Root Locus and Genetic Algorithms (GA). The results showed a satisfactory response according the design criteria.
Conclusions: Nowadays, PID controllers are still basic industrial control tools, particularly important in motor operation. The performance of these controls depends fundamentally on the design of their gain. In the case of complex plants, additional tools are required to facilitate PID tuning. We propose an intelligent and bio-inspired tuning scheme that demonstrates high performance in laboratory tests.
Financing: University Francisco José de Caldas through the project 1-72-578-18.
Frontal, Parietal, and Temporal Brain Areas Are Differentially Activated When Disambiguating Potential Objects of Joint Attention
Authors: Kraemer P.M. , Görner M. , Ramezanpour H. , Dicke P.W. , Thier P. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractHumans establish joint attention with others by following the other’s gaze. Previous work has suggested that a cortical patch (gaze-following patch, GFP) close to the posterior superior temporal sulcus (pSTS) may serve as a link between the extraction of the other’s gaze direction and the resulting shifts of attention, mediated by human lateral intraparietal area (hLIP). However, it is not clear how the brain copes with situations in which information on gaze direction alone is insufficient to identify the target object because more than one may lie along the gaze vector. In this fMRI study, we tested human subjects on a paradigm that allowed the identification of a target object based on the integration of the other’s gaze direction and information provided by an auditory cue on the relevant object category. Whereas the GFP activity turned out to be fully determined by the use of gaze direction, activity in hLIP reflected the total information needed to pinpoint the target. Moreover, in an exploratory analysis, we found that a region in the inferior frontal junction (IFJ) was sensitive to the total information on the target. An examination of the BOLD time courses in the three identified areas suggests functionally complementary roles. Although the GFP seems to primarily process directional information stemming from the other’s gaze, the IFJ may help to analyze the scene when gaze direction and auditory information are not sufficient to pinpoint the target. Finally, hLIP integrates both streams of information to shift attention to distinct spatial locations.
Caracterización biológica y molecular de cepas de Panstrongylus sp. nativas del Perú
Authors: Jeri Apaza Cesar Hugo , Solis Acosta Hila 
Published: September 2020

Objetivo. Determinar las características biológicas y moleculares de las cepas de Panstrongylus sp. nativas del norte del Perú. Métodos. Estudio observacional, descriptivo. Se utilizó material biológico procedente de 5 diferentes regiones del norte del Perú, y por muestreo intencional se seleccionó una muestra de 50 especímenes. Para la caracterización de los especímenes a nivel molecular, se usó el marcador ITS-2 del ADN ribosomal, mediante la técnica del PCR. Resultados. El 100% de las muestras fueron clasificadas como Panstrongylus herreri. A nivel molecular se observaron 3 patrones diferentes de la banda ITS-2: 960pb, 800pb y 750pb. Conclusión. 100% de las muestras fueron Panstrongylus herreri, capturados en ambientes intradomiciliarios de regiones del norte del Perú, con un patrón de ITS-2.
Asociación entre obesidad abdominal y factores demográficos, según niveles de altitud en el Perú
Authors: Pajuelo Ramírez Jaime , Torres Aparcana Lizardo , Agüero Zamora Rosa 
Published: September 2020

Objetivo. Determinar en la población adulta del Perú, las características de la obesidad abdominal y su relación con los diferentes niveles de altitud geográfica, de acuerdo a género, grupos de edad, estado nutricional y área de residencia. Métodos. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo en base a las fuentes secundarias: Encuesta Nacional de Hogares (ENAHO 2012-2013) del Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática (INEI) y Ministerio de Salud Lima, Perú. La obesidad abdominal se identificó mediante la circunferencia de la cintura y el índice cintura/talla. La altitud se estratificó en 3 niveles: < 1000 m.s.n.m., de 1000 a 2999 m.s.n.m. y ≥ 3000 m.s.n.m. Resultados. Las mayores prevalencias de obesidad abdominal se encontraron en el género femenino (48,2% - 87,4%), en el grupo de edad de 40 a 59 años (38,4 % - 89,5%), en los obesos (85,9% - 99,9%), y en las áreas urbanas (36,8% - 86,3%), respectivamente. Estas prevalencias disminuyeron a partir de los 1000 m.s.n.m., a excepción de las que correspondieron al estado nutricional. La razón de prevalencia ajustada por género, grupo étareo y área de residencia, mostró una disminución en relación a la altitud. Conclusión. La población que vive en ciudades de gran altitud mostró bajas prevalencias de obesidad abdominal en relación a los que viven en ciudades de menor altitud.