bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
No evidence of Re-infection or&nbsp;Human-to-Human Transmission&nbsp;in Cured COVID-19 Patients, a Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Xu Gang , Liu Feng , Zhao Jun , Ye Min , Feng Congrui , Hu Yudong , Chen Yuluo , Wang Liuqian , Li Yueping , Shi Haiyan , Zhang Fuchun , Tong Yuwei , Ma Wei 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Objective: To clarify the clinical features of cured patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and the relevance of IgM and IgG testing.Methods: A total of 187 cured COVID-19 patients with antibody test were followed up every two weeks at Guangzhou Eighth People's hospital. Assessment for general condition, symptoms, epidemiological contact history, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay, and antibody tests were performed and recorded. Information from Guangzhou CDC was also screened.Results: There were 154 (82.4%) patients with positive results for IgG and 35 (18.7%) patients with positive results for IgM. PCR assay was positive in 10 (5.3%) patients. Neither IgG nor IgM results showed a relationship with PCR test results (all P > 0.05). No re-infection was found in the cured patients. Among people who were in close contact with the cured patients, no one was diagnosed with COVID-19 as reported both by the cured patients and the Guangzhou CDC. Factors associated with appearance of IgG comprised hospitalization days (OR: 1.07, 95%CI: 1.02-1.13, P = 0.004) and antibiotics treatment (OR: 2.78, 95%CI: 1.10-7.01, P = 0.031) .Conclusion: In our study, neither re-infection nor human-to-human transmission was found in cured patients with COVID-19. Additionally, neither IgG nor IgM can be used to replace the PCR test in cured patients.
The epidemiological trends of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Iran: February 19 to March 22, 2020
Authors: Madadizadeh Farzan , Sefidkar Reyhane 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background The Coronavirus has crossed the geographical borders of various countries without any restrictions. This study was performed to identify the epidemiological trends of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Iran during February 19 to March 22, 2020.Methods This cross sectional study was carried out in 31 provinces by using the daily number of newly infected cases which was announced by the Iranian health authorities from February 19 to March 22, 2020, we explore the trend of outbreak of coronavirus disease in all provinces of Iran and determine some influential factors such as population size, area, population density, distance from original epicenter, altitude, and human development index (HDI) for each province on its spread by Spearman correlation coefficient. K-means cluster analysis (KMCA) also categorized the provinces into 10 separate groups based on CF and ACF of the infected cases at the end of the study period. (ACF).Results There were 21,638 infected, 7,913 recovered and 2,299 death cases with COVID-19 in Iran during the study period. By March 22, CF shows that, most cases are attributed to Tehran province, while ACF shows that most are attributed to Semnan province. There was a positive significant correlation between CF of the infected cases and province population sizes (r=0.45), HDI (r=0.58); province population density (r=0.47); a negative significant correlation between the CF of the infected cases and distance from original epicenter (r=-0.47). KMCA results based on CF showed very high level of outbreak was in Tehran while KMCA based on ACF showed very high level of outbreak were in Semnan and Qom provinces.Conclusions Special attention is needed for the provinces nearer to the original epicenter which are high risk spots in terms of the severe prevalence of COVID-19. In the absence of definite treatment for this infectious disease, the effective solutions to reduce the transmission of the disease are early isolation of the cases, quarantine for close contacts both in families and community and observing personal hygiene.
Prevalence of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and its association with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency and blood type incompatibility in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Aynalem Yared Asmare , Mulu1 Getaneh Baye , Akalu Tadesse Yirga , Shiferaw Wondimeneh Shibabaw 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Severe indirect hyperbilirubinemia is a silent cause of newborn disease and death worldwide. However, studies of the disease in sub-Saharan Africa are highly variable with respect to its prevalence. Hence, this study aimed to estimate the overall magnitude of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and its association with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (GP6D) deficiency and blood type incompatibility in sub-Saharan Africa.Methods: PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and the Cochrane Review were systematically searched online to retrieve hyperbilirubinemia-related articles. All observational studies reported the prevalence of hyperbilirubinemia in sub-Saharan Africa were included for analysis and excluded if the study failed to determine the desired outcome. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. Heterogeneity across the included studies was evaluated using the inconsistency index (I2). Publication bias was examined by funnel plot and the Egger’s regression test. The random-effect model was fitted to estimate the pooled prevalence of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia among patients in Sub Saharan Africa. The meta-analysis was performed using the STATA™ version 14 software.Results: A total of 30,486 studies were collected from the different databases and 10 articles were included for the final analysis. The overall magnitude of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia was 28.08 % (95% CI: (20.23, 35.94)) in sub-Saharan Africa. Neonates with G6PD deficiency were 2.42 times (95% CI: 1.64, 3.56) more likely to develop hyperbilirubinemia as compared to infants with normal G6PD levels. Moreover, the risk of developing hyperbilirubinemia was 3.3 times (95% CI: 1.96, 5.72) higher among neonates that had a blood type that was incompatible with their mother’s.Conclusion: The failure to prevent and screen G6PD deficiency and blood type incompatibility with their mother’s results in high burden of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in sub-Saharan Africa. Therefore, early identification and care strategies should be developed to the affected neonates with G6PD deficiency and blood type incompatibility with their mother’s to address long-term medical and scholastic damages among those exposed to severe hyperbilirubinemia
Panagrolaimus superbus tolerates hypoxia within Gallium metal cage: implications for the understanding of the phenomenon of anhydrobiosis
Authors: Contiliani Danyel Fernandes , de Araújo Ribeiro Yasmin , de Moraes Vitor Nolasco , Pereira Tiago Campos 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Panagrolaimus superbus nematodes are able to tolerate desiccation by entering into a peculiar state of suspended animation known as anhydrobiosis. When desiccated, anhydrobiotic organisms are also able to tolerate other physical stresses, as high and low levels of temperature and pressure. Here, we decided to investigate the tolerance of desiccated P. superbus to an unprecedented double stress – hypoxia within 99.99% Gallium (Ga) metal cage. The authors observed that regardless of the external relative humidity, desiccated P. superbus tolerated 7 d confined within the metal cage, displaying no negative effects on its survival and population growth rates over 40 d. The results evidence that anhydrobiosis also renders nematodes tolerant to otherwise lethal concentrations of Ga, in an oxygen-poor environment; thus, expanding its polyextremotolerance profile.
Analysis of chemical characteristics of lignite upgrading wastewater and its agricultural utilization
Authors: Zhang Huifen , Song Ji , Zhang Mi , Xiang Cheng , Li Baocai , Qin Yi 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The lignite upgrading wastewater (LUW) produced in the drying and upgrading process of lignite cannot be discharged directly. Conventional wastewater treatment methods are usually costly and unable to achieve efficient utilization of water resources which are rich in activity components. In this study, the water quality analysis showed that LUW belonged to seriously polluted waters with low pH and very high total nitrogen content. Fifty-five compounds, mainly phenols and organic acids, were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. The study confirmed that the LUW, after being diluted to an appropriate concentration, could significantly promote the growth of wheat seedlings. The phenols and organic acids were the activity material basis of LUW, which promoted seed germination possibly through playing a role similar to plant hormones and simultaneously enhancing the utilization of nutrient elements. LUW had the natural advantages of directly developing high-end liquid fertilizers in terms of its physical form, chemical composition, biological activity, safety and economy. This study confirmed the feasibility of applying LUW to agricultural field as liquid fertilizer only through simple dilution without other treatments. Applying LUW as liquid fertilizer can not only supply a fertilizer product with low production cost and outstanding efficacy, but also provide an efficient and green way for the treatment of upgrading wastewater, which utilize the LUW as natural resources instead of purifying and discharging.
Cerebral Cystic Echinococcosis: A Child with a Giant Hydatid Cyst
Authors: Jabbar Mohammed Nooruldeen 
Published: May 2020

Aim:
Raising awareness of healthcare providers about headache and early morning vomiting in children.

Background:
Intracranial cystic hydatid disease (Echinococcosis) is a rare worldwide disease caused by encysted larvae of the dog tapeworm Echinococcus
granulosa. Human is the intermediate host of this parasite and CNS involvement occurs in only 3%. Clinically, the cyst causes a seizure, increased
intracranial pressure and/or focal neurological deficit. Surgical removal of the intact cyst by the Dowling technique is the treatment. A 4-year-old
girl was referred to a neurosurgery clinic with a history of headache and early morning vomiting over the previous 2 months. Neurological
examination revealed right hemiparesis and bilateral papilloedema. Emergency brain CT-scan revealed a huge intracranial cystic lesion with
midline shift. Emergency craniotomy was done and the cyst was removed intact without complication and sent for histopathological examination.
The patient was discharged from the hospital with full recovery.
Approach in Management of Aplasia Cutis Congenita in a Newborn with Adam Oliver Syndrome
Authors: El Kadry Ihab H. , Koratum Tarek , Obaid Laila 
Published: May 2020

Introduction:
Aplasia Cutis Congenita (ACC) is a rare congenital disorder characterized by the absence of skin and adjacent tissue that usually affect the scalp.
A large scalp defect in ACC with adjacent tissue anomalies is associated with high morbidity and mortality. The management of these lesions can
be challenging. The treatment can be either conservative, surgical, or combined.

Case:
A full-term newborn girl delivered with a huge scalp defect. The dura mater was exposed but intact and there was no Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)
leakage. She also had bilateral talipes equinovarus and terminal reduction of multiple toes in the left foot. Genetic testing was positive for Adam
Oliver Syndrome. Conservative medical management was initiated at birth and continued until discharge at 4 weeks of age. The patient had a
regular follow-up with plastic surgery and neurosurgery teams. At 11 months old, the defect became smaller, hairless with good granulation tissue,
but still soft and compressible.

Conclusion:
Large scalp midline ACC is a rare, but potentially devastating disease when involved adjacent tissue. The choice of treatment is not
straightforward and it is mainly based upon the size, depth, and the risk of pre and post-treatment complications. Conservative management still is
an option with very complex ACC.
Managing Cardiovascular Risk Factors without Medications: What is the Evidence?
Authors: Saha Sibu P. , Banks Melissa A. , Whayne Thomas F. 
Published: May 2020

:
In this era of potent medications and interventional cardiovascular (CV) procedures, the
importance of beginning with and including Therapeutic Lifestyle Changes (TLC) is frequently forgotten.
A major goal of this review article is to show and emphasize that modification of CV risk
with nonmedication approaches makes an essential contribution to CV risk reduction.

:
Available information on TLC and modifiable CV risk factors was reviewed and assessed. Modifiable
major CV risk factors include diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, tobacco abuse,
obesity, stress, and a sedentary lifestyle. Age as a major CV risk factor is, of course, not susceptible
to modification.

:
A contribution to the control of CV risk factors can occur without the start of medications and there
is proof of benefit for beginning with a non-pharmacological approach. TLC can benefit all of the
major modifiable CV risk factors and there is good evidence for the additional benefit of supervised
and group TLC. TLC includes physical activity, diet, and smoking cessation.

:
Evidence for the benefits of TLC in reducing CV disease events is well established. However, medications
must be added in those patients with higher CV risk to obtain maximum cholesterol reduction
(lower is better for the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol) and good blood pressure control.

:
• The benefit of TLC is frequently forgotten in this era of potent medications and invasive procedures.
The benefits of diet and physical activity are emphasized with supporting data. Many motivated
patients can prolong their lives significantly by dedication to TLC.

:
• Therapeutic Lifestyle Change (TLC) especially encompasses increased physical activity, a
healthy diet, and smoking cessation.

:
• There is extensive proof for the benefit of TLC in contributing to cardiovascular (CV) disease
prevention.

:
• CV diseases have strong metabolic and inflammatory components, both of which can be improved
by TLC.
Microwave-assisted Synthesis of Benzoxazoles Derivatives
Authors: Özil Musa , Menteşe Emre 
Published: May 2020

Background:
Benzoxazole, containing a 1,3-oxazole system fused with a benzene ring, has
a profound effect on medicinal chemistry research owing to its important pharmacological activities.
On the other hand, the benzoxazole derivative has exhibited important properties in material science.
Especially in recent years, microwave-assisted synthesis is a technique that can be used to increase
diversity and quick research in modern chemistry. The utilization of microwave irradiation is beneficial
for the synthesis of benzoxazole in recent years. In this focused review, we provide a metaanalysis
of studies on benzoxazole in different reaction conditions, catalysts, and starting materials by
microwave technique so far, which is different from conventional heating.

Methods:
Synthesis of different kind of benzoxazole derivatives have been carried out by microwave
irradiation. The most used method to obtain benzoxazoles is the condensation of 2-aminophenol or its
derivatives with aldehydes, carboxylic acids, nitriles, isocyanates, and aliphatic amines.

Results:
Benzoxazole system and its derivatives have exhibited a broad range of pharmacological
properties. Thus, many scientists have remarked on the importance of the synthesis of different benzoxazole
derivatives. Conventional heating is a relatively inefficient and slow method to convey energy
in orientation to the reaction medium. However, the microwave-assisted heating technique is a
more effective interior heating by straight coupling of microwave energy with the molecules.

Conclusion:
In this review, different studies were presented on the recent details accessible in the microwave-
assisted techniques on the synthesis of the benzoxazole ring. It presents all examples of such
compounds that have been reported from 1996 to the present. Benzoxazoles showed an extensive class
of chemical substances not only in pharmaceutical chemistry but also in dyestuff, polymer industries,
agrochemical, and optical brighteners. Thus the development of fast and efficient achievement of benzoxazoles
with a diversity of substituents in high yield is getting more noteworthy. As shown in this
review, microwave-assisted synthesis of benzoxazoles is a very effective and useful technique.
A Comprehensive Review on Alginate as Wound Dressing Biomaterial
Authors: Mohanto Sourav , Chakraborty Prithviraj , SoundraPandian Chidambaram , Manna Shubhradeep , Dutta Joni 
Published: May 2020

Background:
The design and characteristics of alginate biomaterial have a significant role
in wound dressing and tissue regeneration. The ideal biomaterial for wound dressing must be biodegradable,
biocompatible, non-inflammatory, and non-toxic.

Objective:
Wound dressing should promote the re-epithelization process and protect the wound from
further infection by creating a moist environment. The physical and mechanical nature of the alginate
biopolymer has the potential to influence the pathophysiological mechanisms in the chronic wound.
The application of this biomaterial provides ample advantages than synthetic polymers.

Methods:
The wound healing process is a critical step involved in different phases. The presence of
cross-linkers, various drugs along with alginate leads to a decrease in the mechanical property of
dressing. Hence the choice of an effective material for dressing along with alginate is a very critical
decision. The therapeutic efficacy of the alginate dressing system (film, hydrogel, wafer, etc.) is influenced
by the incorporation of different materials such as bioactive agents, nanoparticles, crosslinkers,
nature of the excipients, etc.

Results:
The ion exchange occurring between dressing and exudates results in the formation of a gel,
due to the presence of glucuronic acid in alginate. This gel absorbs moisture and maintains an appropriate
moist environment and actively influences the pathophysiological mechanisms of the chronic
wound.

Conclusion:
This review provides detailed knowledge to researchers to work with alginate and also
knowledge about the incorporation of an appropriate material and its therapeutic efficacy in wound
dressing.
Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Krisan (Dendranthema sp.) varietas Bakardi Putih dan Lolipop Ungu yang Mendapat Perlakuan Lama Penyinaran Tambahan
Authors: Puspitasari Sylvatera Ayu 
Published: May 2020

Krisan merupakan tanaman hari pendek. Jika tanaman ini mendapatkan panjang malam lebih dari periode kritis maka fase vegetatif tidak berlangsung lama. Untuk mempertahankan fase vegetatif tanaman krisan maka perlu dilakukan penambahan lama penyinaran di malam hari. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh lama penyinaran terhadap pertumbuhan, hasil dan kualitas varietas krisan yang berbeda serta mempelajari lama penyinaran tambahan optimal untuk menyerempakkan umur panen varietas krisan yang berbeda. Penelitian ini akan dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus 2017 hingga Maret 2018 bertempat di lahan pertanaman krisan dan rumah plastik milik Asosiasi Tanaman Hias Bunga dan Daun Potong (ASTHABUNDA) Jalan Kaliurang km 21, Panggeran, Hargoninangun, Pakem, Sleman, DIY. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Faktorial 2 x 5, tata letak Rancangan Acak Kelompok Lengkap dengan tiga blok sebagai ulangan. Faktor 1 adalah lama penyinaran tambahan dengan 5 aras yaitu 0 hspt (tanpa penyinaran), 10 hari, 20 hari, 30 hari dan 40 hari. Faktor 2 adalah varietas yaitu Bakardi Putih dan Lolipop Ungu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penyinaran tambahan 20 hari pada varietas Bakardi Putih dan 30 hari Lolipop Ungu menghasilkan bunga krisan yang telah memenuhi grade A SNI. Peningkatan lama penyinaran tambahan sampai dengan 40 ari dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan, hasil dan kualitas varietas Bakardi Putih lebih baik dibandingkan varietas Lolipop Ungu. Penyinaran tambahan 20 hari pada varietas Bakardi Putih dan 30 hari varietas Lolipop Ungu belum dapat menyerempakkan umur panen kedua varietas. Pada penyinaran 20 hari, umur panen varietas Bakardi Putih 86 hari dan 30 hari varietas Lolipop Ungu 106 hari. Kata kunci : Bakardi, lama penyinaran, krisan, Lolipop
Pendugaan Parameter Genetik beberapa Komponen Hasil Calon Galur Teh Keturunan Kedua Hasil Perbanyakan Vegetatif
Authors: Budiherlando Andrew , Taryono Taryono 
Published: May 2020

Salah satu sebab rendahnya produktivitas teh nasional adalah umur perdu yang sudah tua sehingga perlu pengembangan varietas baru yang dapat dibudidayakan secara nasional. Teh unggul yang diperbanyak secara vegetatif, harus memiliki daya waris tinggi terhadap sifat yang dimilikinya. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui nilai duga parameter genetik hasil perbanyakan vegetatif kedua (V2) beberapa klon teh pada beberapa lokasi penanaman. Penelitian dilaksanakan dibulan Juli-Desember 2017 di PT Pagilaran afdeling Sanderan, Kayulandak, dan Andongsili. Klon yang digunakan yaitu PGL10, PGL11, PGL12, dan PGL15. Penelitian menggunakan Splitplot dengan dua faktor yaitu klon teh dan lokasi penanaman. Hasil pengamatan berupa komponen hasil 4 kali pemetikan dianalisis dengan ANOVA serta uji lanjut Scottnott dan AMMI. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Panjang dan Lebar Daun, Potensi Daya Hasil, Panjang Tangkai, Berat Kering Daun, Peko dan Tangkai, Berat Segar Peko, dan Jumlah Peko memiliki nilai genetik tinggi. Berat Segar Daun dan Berat Segar Tangkai memiliki nilai genetik rendah. Panjang Daun, Potensi Daya Hasil, Berat Kering Daun dan Peko cenderung memiliki pertumbuhan yang dipengaruhi lingkungan. Lebar Daun, Panjang Tangkai, Berat Kering Tangkai, Berat Segar Peko dan Jumlah Peko memiliki pertumbuhan yang tidak dipengaruhi lingkungan. Parameter genetik pada komponen hasil klon yang berinteraksi dengan lingkungan memiliki pertumbuhan paling baik pada Klon PGL10, 11 dan 12. Parameter genetik pada komponen hasil klon yang tidak berinteraksi dengan lingkungan memiliki pertumbuhan paling baik pada klon 10 dan 12. PGL11, 12, dan 10 tumbuh optimal di Kayulandak sementara PGL15, 12 dan 10 tumbuh optimal di Andongsili dan Sanderan.
Aplikasi Pupuk SP-36 dan Ekstrak Pelarut Fosfat untuk Meningkatkan Produksi Jagung Lokal Pulut
Authors: Edy Edy , Alam Taufan , Bakhtiar Bakhtiar 
Published: May 2020

Impor beras setiap tahun semakin meningkat seiring meningkatnya jumlah penduduk Indonesia. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, diperlukan diversifikasi pangan pokok yang setara beras yaitu mengembangkan produk beras jagung pulen. Tujuan penelitian adalah meningkatkan produksi jagung pulut dan efisiensi pemupukan fosfat. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) faktorial dan diulang sebanyak tiga ulangan. Faktor I adalah aplikasi ekstrak pelarut fosfat (EPF) yang bersumber dari bonggol pisang yang terdiri atas 0 dan 10 liter.ha-1. Faktor kedua adalah pemupukan SP-36 yaitu 0, 50, 100 dan 150 kg.ha-1. Analisis data menggunakan ANOVA α = 5% dan dilanjutkan uji DMRT α = 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan aplikasi EPF dan 50 kg.ha-1 SP-36 meningkatkan panjang dan diameter tongkol, dan produksi biji kering per hektar serta efisiensi pemupukan P.