bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fertility duration of commercial laying hen inseminated with native chicken semen
Authors: Asmarawati W , Kustono  , Widayati D T , Bintara S , Aji R N , Ismaya  
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Duration of fertility is one of the most influential factors to define the accurate frequency of artificial insemination to produce crossbred native chicken. This research conducted to determine the fertility duration of Commercial Laying Hen which inseminated using Indonesian Native Chicken Semen. Semen was collected from three rooster, 12-month-old, of native chicken, pooled and evaluated before dilution using physiological saline 0.85 % NaCl solution. Eight laying hens were inseminated at dose 75 x 106 per 0.1 mL for each, followed with eggs collection from 2nd day until 16th day after insemination then incubated for 21 days. The result showed that eggs fertility remained high for the first week and dropped during the second week after insemination. The average duration of fertility in laying hens inseminated was 6.5 days and the average percentage of egg fertility was 49.1 ± 18.9%.
Utilization of distillation waste of Lemon Grass (Cymbopogon nardus) as litter for reducing parasite diseases and its influence on broiler performance
Authors: Sabuna C , Wihandoyo  , Harimurti S , Nurcahyo R W 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The study aimed to know the effect of lemongrass (C.nardus) distillation waste as litter floor in reducing Ascridia galli growth and in broiler performance. The study use of 175 day old chicken (DOC) that were divided into 5 treatments consist of 7 chickens each with 5 replications. Ascaridia galli eggs were challenged at 4 weeks old broiler with 100 eggs/bird. The data were analysed using Analysis of Variance followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. The results showed that of lemongrass distillation waste as litter and anti-parasitic does not have significant effect on feed intake, body weight gain and feed conversion ratio of broiler.
Antibacterial effects of essential oils of Cymbopogon citratus and Amomum compactum under self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS)
Authors: Ujilestari T , Martien R , Ariyadi B , Dono N D , Zuprizal  
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Microbial populations in the gastrointestinal tracts of broiler chicken can be modulated by herbal additives that contained phytochemical substances. Essential oils (EOs) have potential phytochemical compounds but are lipophilic and have low solubility in water. Therefore, self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) might be one of the formulation strategies to improve the solubility of essential oils. In this study, the anti-bacterial activity of Cymbopogon citratus and Amomum compactum EOs by SNEDDS was conducted using disc diffusion method on Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium. Inhibition zone was found on both pure EOs and SNEDDS formulations. SNEDDS formulations of C. citratus and A. compactum EOs were effective against E. coli and S. typhimurium (P<0.05). C. citratus essential oil has the highest inhibition zone when compared to the other formulations, followed by A. compactum essential oil. On the other hand, SNEDDS formula of C. citratus and A. compactum essential oil showed similar antibacterial activity as tetracycline and penicillin antibiotics in inhibiting the growth of E. coli and S. typhimurium. It can be concluded that the use of SNEDDS formula of essential oil would be useful to reduce the population of pathogen in the intestine of poultry.
Analysis the development prospective of laying chicken-corn integration in West Java
Authors: Rahmawati T , Fuah A M , Arifin H S , Syukur M , Salundik  
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Poultry industry has an important value in the supply of animal protein for domestic consumption. Poultry industry development in West Java is facing many problems that threat the future of poultry business. This study analyzed key factors in laying hen industry integration with corn farming in West Java. Primary data were obtained by conducting field observations, interviews and questionnaires. Secondary data were obtained from relevant literatures. Data were analyzed using the strategic management concept approach, IFE matrix and EFE matrix, IE matrix and SWOT matrix, and decision-making stages using Quantitative Strategy Position Matrix. Results showed the total internal analysis score of West Java is 2,608 (average), while the external is 3,396 (high). West Java position is in quadrant II. The strategy for this area is an intensive strategy or integrative strategy. Based on the SWOT matrix, intensive strategy were including increasings the production capacity, the number of employees, and the use of technology for promotion. The integrative strategy was business diversification by selling feed and other livestock production facilities. The priority level strategies were (1) increasing the production capacity (2) increasing the number of employees (3) conducting business diversification, and (4) carry out promotions.
Induction of estrus by laser puncture exposure in Etawah Crossbred Does with the anestrus post-partum problems at different parities
Authors: Suyadi S , Susilorini T E 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This study was conducted to induce estrus by laser puncture exposure in anestrus post-partum Etawah Crossbred goats, at different stages of parity. In total 38 does at parity 1 to 6 were treated by laser puncture in the reproductive acupuncture spots. The exposure of laser puncture was 10 sec per spot, for three consecutive days, on 17 reproductive acupuncture spots located at 1.5 cm lateral columna and lumbal vertebrae L1 to L7 and at vulva. Estrus was observed from day 1 until 11 days post exposure. Variable observed were exhibition, length and onset of estrus. As the result 76.32% of does were exhibit estrus. According to parity, percentage of estrus does was increase form parity 1 to 3, and slightly decrease form parity 4 to 6. Onset estrus was around 2 – 6 h in parity 2 to 3, while longer estrus was found in parity 4 to 6 around 6 – 13. Estrus length in parity 1 and 2 was 55 h, and it is shorter compared to parity 3 to 6 (>80 h). It was concluded that laser puncture able to induce estrus and cccording to parity, acceptable estrus was showed at parity 1 to 3 than 4 to 6.
Income over feed cost of Aceh cattle fattened with forage and concentrate in different levels
Authors: Koesmara H , Budisatria I G S , Baliarti E , Widi T S M , Nurtini S , Umami N , Ibrahim A , Atmoko B A , Vierman  
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Income over feed cost (IOFC) is needed to evaluate and analysis of beef cattle fattening enterprise. This study aims to determine the IOFC of Aceh cattle fattened with forage and concentrate on different levels. The research was conducted on May-August 2018 in Livestock Breeding Center of Aceh. Twenty males Aceh cattle aged 1.5 to 2.5 years were grouped 4 treatments based on different forage and concentrate levels (T1=100:0, T2=70:30, T3=50:50 and T4=30:70) and intensively kept for 3 months. Average daily gain, feed intake, feed conversion, feed efficiency, feed cost per gain and IOFC were calculated and statistically analyzed by one way of ANOVA, followed by Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test. The result showed that concentrate feed increased (P <0.05) the dry matter intake, average daily gain and feed efficiency. The feeding by concentrate (T2, T3, T4) decreased (P <0.05) feed cost per gain Rp.14,894 and increased (P <0.05) IOFC Rp.8,715. The feed efficiency and IOFC of T3 had the highest (P <0.05). The conclude our finding, farmers of Aceh cattle are benefited from feeding concentrate as a supplement in fattening. The best level of concentrate supplementation on forage feed is 50:50.
Evaluation of rumen microbial nitrogen supply in Batur sheep fed different ratio of concentrate-forage diets
Authors: Hanim C , Yusiati L M , Muhlisin  
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Concentrate-forage ratio may affect microbial nitrogen supply, thus it can be considered as one of feeding strategies in ruminant. This study evaluated the effect of different concentrate-forage ratio on rumen microbial nitrogen supply in Batur sheep. Twelve male Batur sheep aged 10-12 months were given three experimental diets in a one-way design using 14 d adaptation and 7 d collection periods. Experimental diets were concentrate (wheat pollard) and forage (Pennisetum purpuroides) offered with ratio of 20:80, 30:70, and 40:60 (w/w, DM basis). Total urine were collected for 24 h during collection period. Samples were analysed for allantoin, uric acid, xanthine-hypoxanthine, and purine derivatives. Feed and feed refusal were analysed for dry matter and organic matter. Concentrate-forage ratio tended to influence allantoin, xanthine-hypoxanthine, and purine derivatives excretions, as well as absorbed purine and rumen microbial protein synthesis. Feeding concentrate up to 40% significantly increased N urinary excretion (P<0.05). It indicated that concentrate level at 30% could fulfil animal protein requirement. Feeding concentrate-forage ratio 30:70 or 40:60 increased purine absorbed and microbial protein synthesis 2-3 fold higher than the ratio of 20:80. It is concluded that Batur sheep was efficient in utilizing degradable dietary N with concentrate: forage ratio of 30:70.
Rumen fermentation characteristics of Ongole crossbred bulls in response to different inclusion levels of dried cassava chips and palm kernel cake
Authors: Latiefah S , Noviandi C T , Agus A , Utomo R , Quigley S , Poppi D 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This study determined the best proportion of dried cassava chips (local name: gaplek and palm kernel cake (PKC) with a fixed proportion of rice straw as assessed by rumen fermentation characteristics. Three rations were offered to 14 Ongole crossbred bulls (average liveweight at 200±20 kg). The rations were mixtures of rice straw, gaplek, and PKC at ratio of 20:70:10 (T1), 20:50:30 (T2), and 20:30:50 (T3). and 2% urea was added to each ration. Ruminal fluid samples were obtained 0 hours before feeding at week 14 to measure pH and analyze VFA, NH3-N, and microbial N concentrations. Rumen pH was not changing (range 7.1 - 7.5). The T2 and T3 treatments showed lower total VFA concentrations (P<0.05) than T1 treatment (71.6 and 70.3 vs. 88.4 mM, respectively). The highest NH3-N concentration (P<0.05) was shown by T2 and there were no significant differences between T1 and T3 treatments. The greatest microbial N concentration was shown by T3 treatment, and was followed by T2 and T1. It can be concluded that a high inclusion of gaplek caused no adverse rumen digestion characteristics. A safe combination of rice straw, gaplek, and PKC was at a proportion of 20:30:50.
Polymorphism study of BMP15 gene in Indonesian Goats
Authors: Maharani D , Elieser S , Budisatria I G S , Baturabara A , Sari A P Z N L , Hariyono D N H 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Bone Moprogenetic Protein 15 (BMP15) is the family of Transforming Growth Factor β (TGFβ) superfamily which essential for early ovarian folliculogenesis. The aim of this study was to detect the genetic variation within BMP15 gene in four Indonesian goat breeds. A total of 27 blood samples of Gembrong, Kosta, Samosir, and Kacang goats reared in Indonesia Goat Research Center Sei Putih, North Sumatera were collected. Sequence alignment using of 4 samples represent each breed has revealed one synonymous mutation in position g.735A>G (position number refer to GenBank JQ320890), which did not induce the change of lysine in position 135. Genotyping based on SNP g.735A>G was accomplished using BbsI restriction enzyme with PCR-RFLP method. All three genotype (AA, GG, and AG) showed in Gembrong, while in Samosir and Kacang goat the GG genotype was absent. Interestingly, Kosta goat only has AA genotype. The A allele (83%) was higher than G allele (17%), followed with AA (70%, n=19), AG (26%, n=7), and GG (4%, n=1) genotypes in all sample breeds. The hardy-weinberg equilibrium analysis resulted the sample population was not deviated (X2<5.59). It can be suggested the SNP g.735A>G might be used for further study in association the gene with reproductive traits in goat.
Identifying the stakeholders and sustainability indicators for sonok breeding system
Authors: Nugroho T , Maharani D , Widi T S M 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Sonok contest is a cultural event involving cattle in Madura Island, Indonesia. Sonok breeding strategy and event are unique since they involve only the female cattle. Many stakeholders participate in the value chain. This study was aimed to identify stakeholders in Sonok breeding system and to determine sustainability issues and indicators. The study was conducted by a literature review and discussion with experts. The procedures are consisted of 3 phases, including problem definition, identifying and analysis relevant stakeholders, then determining Economic, Ecological, and Societal (EES) relevant issues. Next step, the EES issues were translated into sustainability indicators. As a result, there were two stakeholders, primary and secondary stakeholders. Primary stakeholders consisted of cultural groups, farmers, and policymakers. Secondary stakeholders consisted of local government, inseminator/veterinarians, butchers, and traders. Several issues were elaborated at the farm level. Economically benefit, manure use and human well-being were important issues. Selected sustainability indicators were farmer income, cattle growth and reproduction, manure production, feed availability, farm size, cultural value, and cattle/human health and disease. According to the result, the present stakeholders and sustainability indicators need to tested and confirmed with data to assess the sustainability of Sonok breeding systems.
New report of Hoverfly parasite Diplazon laetatorius (Fabricius, 1781) (Ichneumonidae - Hymenoptera) from Iraq
Authors: Kareem Ali A. , Abbas Manar A. , Aljaafari Raad K. , Al-Zurfi Sienaa M. , Mouhsan Zeina M. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The study has recorded the Hoverfly parasite Diplazon laetatorius (Fabricius, 1781) for the first time in Iraq. The material examined was from Karbala city, with coordinates 32.6068° N, 44.0104° E, 14.4.2019, 4 ♀. This ichneumonid wasp is imported for the biological control of pests. It is vital to increase awareness among Iraqi growers about the benefits of this ichneumonid wasp and probably included it in IPM.
First molecular identification of Fusarium oxysporum causing Fusarium wilt of Armenian cucumber in Iraq
Authors: Wafi AL-Taae Huda Hazim , Al-Taae Ali Kareem 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Cucumis melo var. flexuosus, which is commonly known as Armenian cucumber is one of the most economically important species of the family Cucurbitaceae. In June of 2018, wilt symptoms were observed on Armenian cucumber plants in Fadhilia, Ninevah governorate, North of Iraq. The fungus was isolated from diseased tissues and initially identified based on, its morphological characterizations using conidial and hyphal structures. Pathogenicity of the fungus was also confirmed by Koch’s postulates. Molecular identification of the fungal pathogen was done by amplifying the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the conserved ribosomal DNA. All these ITS sequences showed homologous to those of Fusarium oxysporum isolates in the GenBank database with a similarity percentage of 99%. To the best of our knowledge this is the first molecular record of F. oxysporium on the Armenian cucumber in Iraq.
Effect the age of barley plant inoculated with Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) on grain yield and its control by seed treatment
Authors: Ali Hameed Hamoud , Abbo Fadhil Yousif 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Field study was performed during the agricultural season of 2013/2014 at Al Hamdaniyya district in Nineveh governorate. The study included two approved varieties of barely cultivation; Iba’a 99 and Al Khair. These two varieties were artifically inoculated with Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV), the infection was inflicted by resident aphids on two different stages of the crop growth (three leaves stage and tillering stage). The results showed that the loss in the crop yield due to the infection varied from one variety to the other and from one period of age to other during the infection. In addition, the results showed that using pesticide Gaucho (Imidacloprid) lowered the infection rate of BYDV in both varieties examined, in addition to increase of the production compared to the non-treated inoculated plants.
Report of some Eurytomid wasps (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae) and their associated host plants from two provinces of Iran
Authors: Alsendi Ayad , Adelimaneshy Hamid , Sadeghi Seyed Ebrahim 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe species of Eurytomidae family and their trophic associations with different plants were studied in two provinces of Iran (Hamedan and Lorestan). Seed-feeding Eurytomid wasps were reared from different plant seeds collected during 2008-2012. Totally 600 specimens of Eurytomid wasps were collected. Among them, 6 Eurytomid wasp species were identified as a new species for Iranian fauna and three species were described as a new species for science. Among 26 identified Eurytomid wasps, 18 species belong to Bruchophagus, 6 species to Systole and 2 species to Eurytoma. Moreover, 66 plant species are firstly indicated here as host plants for Eurytomidae species. Host plants that reported in this study belonging to Fabaceae, Apiaceae, and Lamiaceae.
The effect of adding Dill (Anethum graveolens) leaves powder in the diets of broiler on some physiological properties
Authors: Hammod A J , Areaaer A H , Gatea S M 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe current study was conducted in poultry farm which belong to department of animal production, college of Agriculture, University of Kufa during the period from 11/3/2018 to 15/4/2018. The study included 3 standard treatment groups respectively containing 1, 2, 3 gm of Dill / kg of feed in addition to control group (0 gm/kg). 120 unsexed chicks (Ross 308) with one day of age were used with initial weight averaged 40.5 gm. Closed hall was used and divided into pens each pen about 3m2 of area and the chicks were distributed randomly in the four treatments with 30 chick for each treatment. Each treatment composed of three replicates (10 chicks each) distributed randomly in pens and the period continue till the 5th week of age. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of adding Dill (Anethum graveolens) leaves powder in the diets of broiler on some physiological properties. Results showed a significant effect of dill addition on PCV while no significant effects on hemoglobin, globulin, red blood cells, total protein, glucose and cholesterol.
The effect of controlled electrical stimulation (ES) on some of biochemical characteristics and wounds healing in induced diabetic rabbits.
Authors: Mahmood R M , Khafaji S S , Mohammed Q S , Gatea S M , Al-Bayati M M 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The current experiment was aimed to explore the effect of electrical stimulation (ES) on glucose concentrations, cholesterol levels and triglyceride levels in blood and its effect on wound healing in intact and induced diabetes rabbits. 40th male rabbit divided to five treatment, T1 intact animal as control (positive control), T2 intact animal treated with (ES), T3 diabetic rabbits treated with (ES), T4 diabetic rabbit treated with insulin and T5 diabetic rabbits with no treatment as a negative control. Three sub groups were designed as well, T2*, T3*, T4* each one of them is the same main group but with artificial wound on some of its animals. the results were shown a significant decreasing p<0.05 in blood glucose concentration in T3 in comparison with T4 and T5. The cholesterol levels increased significantly p<0.05 in T4 in compared with T3. The concentrations of triglycerides recorded significant p<0.05 decreasing T3, T4 and T5 in compared with T1 and T2. In another hand the ES had a very obvious effect on wound healing in both T2* (intact animals) and T3* (diabetes animals) in comparison with T4* (insulin treated diabetes animals).
Effects of the probiotic miaclost (Bacillus subtilis and Entrococus feacium) on growth performance, hematological values and small intestinal morphology of broiler chicks
Authors: Aziz N H , Ahmed Z O H , Hassan A H , Mustafa N A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
A total of 264, one-day old chicks were randomly dispensed into 4 groups to assess effects of the probiotic MiaClost (Bacillus subtilis and Entrococus feacium) on broiler performance, blood values and small intestinal morphology of broilers. Chicks in treatment groups T1, T2, T3 received 0.160 gm, 0.175 gm and 0.190 gm MiaClost per litre of drinking water respectively, whereas the control chicks received additives-free drinking water. Body weight, feed intake, weight gain, and feed conversion ratios (FCR) were recorded on a weekly basis on days 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35. At end of the experiment, blood samples were collected from 12 birds in each group to determine some hematological values including RBCs count, WBCs count, haemoglobin, hematocrit, MCV, MCH and MCHC. In addition, small intestine biopsies were obtained to assess the small intestinal morphology. Significant proportional increase in level of feed intake was apparent in accordance with the increase in level of probiotics supplementation. No significant variation was apparent in the levels of FCR among chicks in different groups. Probiotics supplementation resulted in improvement in weights and weight gain of chickens. No significant variation was seen on hematological values among birds in all groups. A positive MiaClost’s effect was apparent on height & width of the intestinal villi and on depth of mucosal crypts in all treatment groups particularly treatment groups 2 and 3 in comparison with the control group. These results showed that the MiaClost supplementation in drinking water has improved the performance of broiler chicks and has enhanced the lining epithelial cells proliferation and increased the absorptive surface area of the small intestine.
Comparative study for the effects of locally prepared premix and other imported premixes in broilers carcasses characteristics
Authors: Lazim J S , Abbas R S 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The study was conducted in the Poultry Farm in the Technical College AL-Mussayab during the period that began at the 1st of November 2016 till the 5th of December 2016, to investigate the effect of substitution imported by local premixes on carcass traits of broiler. A total of 540 one day old broiler chicks (Ross 308) were used, chicks were randomly distributed into 9 treatments, with 2 replicates per treatment (30 chick / replicate). Chicks fed on the experimental rations by supplementation 25 Kg Premix / ton feed, treatments were as follows; T1 control (contained a local premix), T2, T3 and T4 were contained Wafi, Provimi and Max Care premixes respectively. More over T5, T6 and T7 were contained a local premix with Wafi or Provimi or Max Care at rate 50: 50 respectively, T8 contained imported premixes (Wafi, Provimi and Max Care at a rate 1/3 for each), T9 contained all studied premixes, local and imported at rate ¼ for each one, to cover the requirements of birds according to the age period. Results revealed significant differences between treatments in dressing percent to T6. Meanwhile treatments did not differ between them in the relative weight of the main and secondary carcass cuts except for the relative weight of the drum stick where the surpassing was recorded for T7 on other treatments.