bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of empirical and dynamic models for HIV viral load rebound after treatment interruption
Authors: Bing Ante , Hu Yuchen , Prague Melanie , Hill Alison L. , Li Jonathan Z. , Bosch Ronald J. , DeGruttola Victor , Wang Rui 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo compare empirical and mechanistic modeling approaches for describing HIV-1 RNA viral load trajectories after antiretroviral treatment interruption and for identifying factors that predict features of viral rebound process.MethodsWe apply and compare two modeling approaches in analysis of data from 346 participants in six AIDS Clinical Trial Group studies. From each separate analysis, we identify predictors for viral set points and delay in rebound. Our empirical model postulates a parametric functional form whose parameters represent different features of the viral rebound process, such as rate of rise and viral load set point. The viral dynamics model augments standard HIV dynamics models–a class of mathematical models based on differential equations describing biological mechanisms–by including reactivation of latently infected cells and adaptive immune response. We use Monolix, which makes use of a Stochastic Approximation of the Expectation–Maximization algorithm, to fit non-linear mixed effects models incorporating observations that were below the assay limit of quantification.ResultsAmong the 346 participants, the median age at treatment interruption was 42. Ninety-three percent of participants were male and sixty-five percent, white non-Hispanic. Both models provided a reasonable fit to the data and can accommodate atypical viral load trajectories. The median set points obtained from two approaches were similar: 4.44 log10copies/mL from the empirical model and 4.59 log10copies/mL from the viral dynamics model. Both models revealed that higher nadir CD4 cell counts and ART initiation during acute/recent phase were associated with lower viral set points and identified receiving a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)-based pre-ATI regimen as a predictor for a delay in rebound.ConclusionAlthough based on different sets of assumptions, both models lead to similar conclusions regarding features of viral rebound process.
Volunteering in the Context of Women’s Activism in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Popov-Momčinović Zlatiborka 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe author analyses volunteering in Bosnia and Herzegovina, focusing on women’s activism in connection with values associated with the concept of civil society, such as solidarity, equity, and reciprocity. Civil society in Bosnia and Herzegovina generally suffers from fragmentation, donor-driven approaches, insufficient transparency and low trust among the general population, all of which present obstacles to voluntary work, as does a legal framework which is certainly not conducive to volunteering. Unlike organizations that do no more than promote the interests of their members, or groups connected to or controlled by political parties, women’s organizations are often seen as undertaking genuine activism. The author reveals differences in attitudes to volunteer work among individual women in organizations of varying sizes, explaining that those differences depend to some extent on women’s locations, ages or experience. Both inter-group and intra-group dynamics, including women’s networks, provide additional insights into voluntarism, especially with regard to the value of solidarity.
More than a marginal phenomenon: Relevance and content-related aspects of mediated sport scandals
Authors: Ludwig Mark , Oelrichs Inga 
Published: August 2020

Summary
The salience of mediated scandals today is deeply linked with the formation of norms and values in our society. This is a particular challenge for the field of sport as the compliance with norms and values is of particular relevance in this social area. The paper shows the extent of scandalization in sport reporting and discusses possible implications for sport. Therefore, it offers a definition and typology for sport scandals. It indicates why sport scandals might have a fundamental share of overall scandal reporting today in comparison to other fields of society. The paper further emphasizes content-related aspects such as celebrity status, sport discipline and type of sport scandal. In the empirical portion, a quantitative content analysis of all reported scandals in three German newspapers over a period of one year is provided. Implications of the findings for athletes, organizations, and society are discussed.
Characterization and experimental verification of actively mode-locked erbium doped fiber laser utilizing ring cavity
Authors: Tahhan Shaymaa Riyadh , Atieh Ahmad , Hasan Mehedi , Hall Trevor 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
A simple active mode-locked erbium-doped fiber (EDF) ring laser is characterized and experimentally demonstrated. The active mode-locked laser can be tuned in the C-band wavelength range 1525 nm to 1565 nm using a tunable bandpass filter placed in the cavity. An intensity modulator placed inside the laser cavity is driven using a sinusoidal signal at different repetition rates. The laser can produce trains of pulses with a width that is controlled using the mode-locking order. The experiments demonstrated an active mode-locked laser that can generate pulse trains with 39 ns width at multiple cavity fundamental frequency of 0.67 MHz repetition rate. Numerical simulations are conducted to investigate the effect of the tunable filter bandwidth and the power of the EDF 980 nm pump on the mode-locking process and produced pulses width.
Young children’s affective stance through embodied displays of emotion during tellings
Authors: Bateman Amanda 
Published: August 2020

AbstractStorytelling provides opportunities for children to practise displays of affective stance. Children’s spontaneous tellings are noticeable as systematic and organized work, which are locally occasioned and triggered by a prior utterance where emotional responses are as significant as the tellings themselves. Affective stances are often observed in children’s tellings, encouraging children’s disposition to learn through active engagement with others, learning acceptable behaviours in meaningful social and cultural ways. This article explores how displays of heightened affect are prompted and responded to and progress the development of storylines within young children’s everyday storytelling. The data were collected in early childhood kindergartens in New Zealand and analysed using conversation analysis. The findings show that there is often elaboration/escalation of a telling, as peers respond by including additional characters within a continued topic in a display of heightened emotion shown through voice pitch and tone, as well as overt facial and bodily expression. Opportunities for practising displays of ‘correct’ emotional responses to tellings are important for young children in contributing to everyday socialising practises through real-life everyday experiences.
Study on Influence of Diameter on Detonation Acoustic Characteristics of Pulse Detonation Engine
Authors: Xu Gui-yang , Wang Chun-guang , Zhu Yan-fang , Li Hong-yan , Gong Lun-kun , Wang Jiang-ning 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The experiment system of pulse detonation engine is set up to investigate on influence of diameter on detonation acoustic characteristic. The research of detonation acoustic characteristic of pulse detonation engine for four different diameters in different angles is carried out. Results from the test show that as the PDE diameter increasing, there are increases in amplitudes of impact noise in all angles, and the growth rate of amplitude of impact noise in the 90° direction is generally greater than that in the 0° direction. The smaller PDE diameter is, the distance of most obvious directivity at 0° turning to most obvious directivity at 30° is shorter. When the distance is shorter, such as 200 mm, the duration of detonation acoustic is increasing with the increase of PDE diameter, however, when the distance is longer, such as 3000 mm, it is just the opposite. The maximum duration of detonation acoustic is appeared in 3000 mm under 30 mm PDE diameter which reaches to 1.44 ms.
Deriving clitic cluster formation through movement: A dialectal case study from Spanish
Authors: Romain Ian James 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn light of recent work on syntactic head movement and clitic movement in Phase Theory, this paper argues for a feature-based, head-movement account of argumental object clitics in Spanish. The novelty of the proposal outlined in this paper is the extension of a movement approach to indirect object (IO) clitics, which are commonly regarded in the literature as base-generated verb-agreement morphemes. It is shown that IO clitics, like their DO counterparts, engage in probe/goal relations to value and delete uninterpretable Case features, and, upon Agree, cliticize via head movement. Chomsky’s operation ofinheritance(2008) figures in this account, as it helps explain the derived order of clitics in IO-DO clusters in Spanish. This study is the first of its kind in offering a unified movement proposal for both types of argumental object clitics, while at the same time maintaining the simplest ‘Minimalist’ assumption that both are pronouns of the category DP. Finally, the syntactic analysis proposed for the derivation of argumental clusters is applied to derive dialectally-attested strings composed of three members in which the foremost form is a non-argumental SE clitic.
Structural diversity of salts of terpyridine derivatives with europium(III) located in both, cation and anion, in comparison to molecular complexes
Authors: Sedykh Alexander E. , Bissert Robin , Kurth Dirk G. , Müller-Buschbaum Klaus 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Three salts of the common composition [EuCl2(X-tpy)2][EuCl4(X-tpy)]·nMeCN were obtained from EuCl3·6H2O and the respective organic ligands (X-tpy = 4′-phenyl-2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine ptpy, 4′-(pyridin-4-yl)-2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine 4-pytpy, and 4′-(pyridin-3-yl)-2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine 3-pytpy). These ionic complexes are examples of salts, in which both cation and anion contain Eu3+ with the same organic ligands and chlorine atoms coordinated. As side reaction, acetonitrile transforms into acetamide resulting in the crystallization of the complex [EuCl3(ptpy)(acetamide)] (4). Salts [EuCl2(ptpy)2][EuCl4(ptpy)]·2.34MeCN (1), [EuCl2(4-pytpy)2][EuCl4(4-pytpy)]·0.11MeCN (2), and [EuCl2(3-pytpy)2][EuCl4(3-pytpy)]·MeCN (3) crystallize in different structures (varying in space group and crystal packing) due to variation of the rear atom of the ligand to a coordinative site. Additionally, we show and compare structural variability through the dimeric complexes [Eu2Cl6(ptpy)2(N,N′-spacer)]·N,N′-spacer (5, 6, 7) obtained from [EuCl3(ptpy)(py)] by exchanging the end-on ligand pyridine with several bipyridines (4,4′-bipyridine bipy, 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethane bpa, and 1,2-bis(2-pyridyl)ethylene bpe). In addition, photophysical (photoluminescence) and thermal properties are presented.
Nonlinear dynamics of ion-acoustic waves in quantum plasmas with exchange-correlation effects
Authors: Shome Pinki , Sahu Biswajit , Poria Swarup 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Nonlinear properties of ion-acoustic waves (IAWs) are studied in electron-ion (EI) degenerate plasma with the electron exchange-correlation effects by using the quantum hydrodynamic (QHD) model. To investigate arbitrary amplitude IAWs, we have reduced the model equations into a system of ordinary differential equations using a traveling wave transformation. Computational investigations have been performed to examine the combined effect of Bohm potential and exchange-correlation potential significantly modifies the dynamics of IAWs by employing the concept of dynamical systems. The equilibrium points of the model are determined and its stability natures are analyzed. The phase portrait and Poincaré return map of the dynamical system are displayed numerically. Quasiperiodic as well as chaotic dynamics of the system are confirmed through the Poincaré return map diagrams.
Permanent solutions for some oscillatory motions of fluids with power-law dependence of viscosity on the pressure and shear stress on the boundary
Authors: Fetecau Constantin , Rauf Abdul , Mushtaq Qureshi Tahir , Khan Masood 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we provide simple expressions for the permanent solutions corresponding to some oscillatory motions of two classes of Newtonian fluids with power-law dependence of viscosity on the pressure between two infinite horizontal parallel plates. The fluid motion is generated by the lower plate that applies an oscillatory shear stress to the fluid. Such solutions, which are lack in the existing literature, can be useful both for those who want to eliminate the transients from their experiments and as tests to verify numerical schemes that are developed to study complex unsteady flow problems of these fluids. The similar solutions corresponding to the motion due to a constant shear stress on the boundary are also determined and, contrary to our expectations, the shear stresses are constant on the whole flow domain although the associated velocity fields depend both of the spatial variable and the dimensionless pressure-viscosity coefficient. Finally, for validation, some comparative graphical illustrations are included and the convergence of starting solutions to the permanent solutions is graphically proved. Spatial profiles of starting solutions are also provided.
Synthesis and structural characterization of a three-dimensional two-fold interpenetrated coordination polymer constructed from bis(4-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)phenyl)methanone and 1,1ʹ-biphenyl-2,2ʹ-dicarboxylate ligands for cadmium(II)
Authors: Wang Gao-Feng , Sun Shu-Wen , Sun Hong , Wei Bo-Hui , Zhao Yan-Fei , Meng Li-Xin 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
A three-dimensional (3D) two-fold interpenetrated coordination polymer, {[Cd(bipmo)(bpda)]·1.25(H2O)}
n
(1), (bipmo = bis(4-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)phenyl)methanone, H2bpda = 1,1ʹ-biphenyl-2,2ʹ-dicarboxylic acid), was synthesized by a solvothermal method. It has been characterized by elemental analyses, infrared (IR) spectroscopy, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The topological structure of 1 consists of uninodal dia nets with two-fold penetration. The thermal stability and the luminescence properties of complex 1 were investigated.
Influence of meso-linker attachment on the formation of core···π interactions in urea-functionalized porphyrins
Authors: Flanagan Keith J. , Ryan Aoife A. , Twamley Brendan , Senge Mathias O. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The ability to cover the face of a porphyrin macrocycle selectively is an attractive feature for concepts such as catalysis and anion binding that is reliant on porphyrin core interactions. Herein, we have synthesized a family of mono-urea functionalized porphyrin complexes with intent to investigate their potential to form core···π interactions selectively to one face of the porphyrin macrocycle. By altering the distance between the urea moiety and the porphyrin through direct linkage or introducing a linker group we can control the formation of the core interactions. This is clearly seen in the crystal structure of 1-phenyl-3-(2-([10,15,20-triphenylporphyrinato]zinc(II)-5-yl)phenyl)urea where a unique face capping effect is demonstrated. In the crystal of this complex, there is a hydrogen-bonding network between the urea group and the axial methanol ligand forming head-to-tail aggregates with the Zn–O axis all molecules pointing in one direction.
Der Widerruf von Verbraucherdarlehensverträgen nach europäischem und deutschem Recht
Authors: Freitag Robert 
Published: August 2020

Zusammenfassung
Fast zwanzig Jahre nach Erlass der Richtlinie 2002/65/EG über den Fernabsatz von Finanzdienstleistungen und gut zehn Jahre nach Ablauf der Umsetzungsfrist für die Richtlinie 2008/48/EG über Verbraucherkreditverträge sorgt eine Trias aktueller Urteile des Gerichtshofs der Europäischen Union zu den widerrufsrechtlichen Bestimmungen dieser Richtlinien für Aufsehen. Dies gilt insbesondere für das Urteil „Sparkasse Saarlouis“ vom 26. 3. 2020, mit dem der EuGH die mit Gesetzlichkeitsfiktion ausgestattete deutsche Musterwiderrufsbelehrung für unvereinbar mit der Verbraucherkreditrichtlinie erklärt hat. Ähnlich wie bereits zu Beginn des Jahrtausends, als die „Heininger“-Entscheidungen von EuGH, BGH und BVerfG zu europäischer Haustürwiderrufsrichtlinie und nationalem Haustürwiderrufsgesetz den Verbrauchern zu einem im geschriebenen nationalen Recht nicht vorgesehenen Widerrufsrecht verholfen haben, droht durch die mögliche Wiederauferstehung des tot geglaubten „Widerrufsjokers“ erheblicher rechtspolitischer Flurschaden. So wie damals steht heute neben der Verlässlichkeit des nationalen Rechts insbesondere für die Kreditwirtschaft viel auf dem Spiel. All das gibt Anlass, sich mit den einschlägigen Entscheidungen des EuGH und ihren Auswirkungen auf das deutsche Verbraucherdarlehens- und Widerrufsrecht näher zu befassen. Zugleich ist auch das bislang in seiner Grundkonzeption bislang noch unbeanstandete Widerrufsfolgenregime auf den Prüfstand zu stellen.
Severe Maternal Morbidity and Infant Mortality in Canada
Authors: Aoyama Kazuyoshi , Park Alison L. , Davidson Alexander J. F. , Ray Joel G. 
Published: August 2020

BACKGROUND:
Severe maternal morbidity (SMM) comprises an array of conditions and procedures denoting an acutely life-threatening pregnancy-related condition. SMM may further compromise fetal well-being. Empirical data are lacking about the relation between SMM and infant mortality.

METHODS:
This population-based cohort study included 1 892 857 singleton births between 2002 and 2017 in Ontario, Canada, within a universal health care system. The exposure was SMM as an overall construct arising from 23 weeks’ gestation up to 42 days after the index delivery. The primary outcome was infant mortality from birth to 365 days. Multivariable modified Poisson regression generated relative risks and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusted for maternal age, income, rurality, world region of origin, diabetes mellitus, and chronic hypertension.

RESULTS:
Infant mortality occurred among 174 of 19 587 live births with SMM (8.9 per 1000) vs 5289 of 1 865 791 live births without SMM (2.8 per 1000) (an adjusted relative risk of 2.93 [95% CI 2.51–3.41]). Of 19 587 pregnancies with SMM, 4523 (23.1%) had sepsis. Relative to births without SMM, the adjusted odds ratio for infant death from sepsis was 1.95 (95% CI 1.10–3.45) if SMM occurred without maternal sepsis and 6.36 (95% CI 3.50–11.55) if SMM included sepsis.

CONCLUSIONS:
SMM confers a higher risk of infant death. There is also coupling tendency (concurrent event of interest) between SMM with sepsis and infant death from sepsis. Identification of preventable SMM indicators, as well as the development of strategies to limit their onset or progression, may reduce infant mortality.
Effects of Long-Term and Short-Term Cardiac Rehabilitation Programs on Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Physical Fitness after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Ko Duk Han , Lee Kyujin , Chung Jinwook 
Published: August 2020

BackgroundCardiac rehabilitation programs reduce the likelihood of relapse and cardiac arrest in patients with cor-onary artery disease. The goal of this study was to compare and analyze changes in cardiovascular risk factors and physical fitness in patients who participated in short-term (ST) and long-term (LT) cardiac rehabilitation programs following coronary artery percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
MethodsThis study included 193 men aged ≥45 years who received PCI for coronary artery occlusive disease. The participants were divided into ST program participants (3 months, 108 participants; ST group) and LT program participants (12 months, 85 participants; LT group). Blood lipids analysis, body composition, and physical fitness tests were performed to assess cardiovascular risk factors and physical fitness. Paired t-test and two-way ANOVA with repeated measures were used to investigate the effect of the intervention. ResultsBoth groups had significant improvements after cardiac rehabilitation in body fat, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, exercise duration, heart rate (HR) at rest, double product peak, VO2 peak, 6-min walking, and sit-to-stand, compared to baseline. The LT group also had significant improvements after cardiac rehabili-tation in waist circumference (WC), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and HR peak. LT group had significantly improved effect than ST group in WC, TC, TG, exercise time, HR peak, and 6-min walking.
ConclusionThe cardiac rehabilitation program led to improved cardiovascular risk factors and physical fitness, and the LT program was more effective than the ST program.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Gawai Terhadap Perkembangan Sosial Emosional Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Radliya Nizar Rabbi , Apriliya Seni , Zakiyyah Tria Ramdhaniyah 
Published: August 2020

This research is motivated by the widespread use of the gadgets in the community, including the use of gadgets by early childhood. This study aims to describe how the effect of the use of the gadget on the social emotional development of early childhood in group B in RA Baiturrahman Cipedes District Tasikmalaya City. The research method used is descriptive method with ex post facto research type. The sample in this study amounted to 23 people. Data collection techniques used were questionnaires, structured observation and unstructured interviews. Statistical analysis technique used is simple linear regression with significance level α = 5% (0,05). Based on the calculation of simple linear regression test, obtained value of significance of 0.184 and the value of coefficient of determination (R Square) of 0.082 or 8.2%. This indicates that the use of the gadget has a positive effect of 8.2% on the social emotional development of early childhood in group B in RA Baiturrahman Kecamatan Cipedes Kota Tasikmalaya. However, the effect is not significant. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh maraknya penggunaan gawai di masyarakat, termasuk penggunaan gawai oleh anak usia dini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan bagaimana pengaruh penggunaan gawai terhadap perkembangan sosial emosional anak usia dini pada kelompok B di RA Baiturrahman Kecamatan Cipedes Kota Tasikmalaya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif dengan jenis penelitian ex post facto. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 23 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah angket/kuesioner, observasi terstruktur dan wawancara tidak terstruktur. Teknik analisis statistik yang digunakan adalah regresi linier sederhana dengan taraf signifikansi α=5% (0,05). Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan uji regresi linier sederhana, diperoleh nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,184 dan nilai koefisien determinasi (R Square) sebesar 0,082 atau 8,2%. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan gawai memiliki pengaruh positif sebesar 8,2% terhadap perkembangan sosial emosional anak usia dini pada kelompok B di RA Baiturrahman Kecamatan Cipedes Kota Tasikmalaya. Akan tetapi, pengaruh tersebut tidak signifikan.