bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Musical interests and activities in children’s leisure time in Hungary and Bulgaria
Authors: VELIKOVA MILENA STEFANOWA 
Published: January 2020

Beneficial use of leisure time is extremely important as it helps to expand the horizons for intellectual growth, emotional experiences, and personal enrichment. The aim of this study is to establish the interests and needs for music in children’s leisure time. Music is very close to the emotional nature of children and therefore could stimulate and develop their mental and physical abilities. This report focuses on the place of music and art in students’ life and discusses how much of their free time is taken up with these pursuits. It also analyses the needs of such activities. Here the results from a study in which children between 9 to 17 years of age from Bulgaria and Hungary took part are presented. The type of musical activities preferred by the children in their leisure time and the correlation between the activities of choice and cultural differences are also studied. Understanding what music activities children favour in their leisure time is important because learning combined with the arts builds long lasting social skills and educates on tolerance, creativity and discipline. This combination when used in work with children, helps children to develop ability for better self-expression, building up confidence, concentration, integration in the group, developing imagination, recognizing the good and beautiful, and increases their chances for success in life.
PRUNING OF SECTION 377, INDIAN PENAL CODE, 1860 AND CHANGED DYNAMICS OF MORALITY IN INDIAN SOCIETY
Authors: Yadav Parul , Vig Komal 
Published: January 2020

Purpose: The research paper has been written in order to analyze the impact of reading down the notorious section of Indian Penal Code, 1860 which being Section 377 which penalized every sexual act other than a heterosexual union even if consensual in the judgment given by the Supreme Court of India in Navjot Singh v. Union of India on the society of India. This paper aims to see its impact on the morality of the Indian community on the known definitions and working of the morality in the social and the legal system.
Methodology: In this work classical method of research has been followed which being doctrinal research also, a comparative analysis between the legal text of Section 377 of Indian Penal Code, 1860 and the judgments announced by the Supreme court of India has been undertaken with the proportional qualitative analysis done with moral set up of Indian Society.
Main Findings: The analysis conducted on law and social structure of Indian Society by the researchers point out to the fact that after reading down of Section 377, the social set-up of India is resenting the recognition granted to third sex and gender because it disturbs its moral thread which has knitted the social structure known as of now and introduces a third angle in known concepts of sex and sexuality which till now have been relying on parallel tracks of male and female sex/gender.
Application: This research piece will aid students in understanding the concept of morality and will demonstrate its effect on the working of the Criminal system of a country. Moreover, it will also give support in understanding the role of biological sex and sexual preferences in shaping law as known today.
Novelty/Originality: This research is novel in its attempt of wherein morality has been traced in the criminal legal system of the country which is most prominent in issues related to the sex of the human body and its sexuality.
On not Yielding to Temptation
Authors: Dobrosz-Michiewicz Karolina 
Published: January 2020

The notion of yielding to temptation has already been studied by ethnographers, sociologists, and morality researchers. Yet the situation is different in the area of social psychology. My review of the literature in that scope indicated the existence of two dominant research perspectives used in studies on the situation of giving in to temptation: the perspective related to resocialisation psychology, which discusses the notion in terms of behaviour, and the perspective of the psychology of morality. The results of the research which indicated that in most cases people are ready to, e.g. yield to the temptation of easy gains, despite their declared appreciation of the legal and ethical norms prohibiting the misappropriation of other people’s property, formed the starting point for my study. What else if not the legal framework can prevent a person from giving in to temptation when it arises? What role does our personality play in that? The article presents the results of a study into the correlation between personality-based variables and a person’s yielding to temptation.
Life is Beautiful (Życie jest piękne). A Short Study of a Radio Reportage Series of the Głos Ewangelii Foundation
Authors: Bachura-Wojtasik Joanna , Czarnek-Wnuk Paulina , Sygizman Kinga 
Published: January 2020

The article discusses the radio reports prepared by the Głos Ewangelii Foundation. The Życie jest piękne series was analysed and interpreted in terms of the themes, the sound effects used, and the presence of religious themes and the notion of God. The selected audio material also enabled the researchers to indicate the general qualities of the reporting style of the Głos Ewangelii Foundation.
Against “Globalised Indifference”. Radio Reporters in the Face of the Refugee Crisis
Authors: Michalak Katarzyna 
Published: January 2020

Since it intensified in 2015, the migration crisis has become one of the major topics of media coverage. With time those numerous pieces resulted in society becoming indifferent to the plight of migrants. The newcomers, stereotypically treated as aliens, became a group of the unnecessary and unneeded, which then started to bear social tension and divisions. The author of the article intends to indicate that reportage/feature, radio reportage in particular, is one of the methods for building dialogue between cultures. In following the remarks of Ryszard Kapuściński and Emmanuel Levinas, the author noted that an encounter with “the Other” is one of the major challenges of the 21st century. The three analysed programmes seem to prove the fact that the medium of radio may fulfil a special role in overcoming “globalised indifference.”
Consensus Recommendations of the Multiple Sclerosis Study Group and the Portuguese Neuroradiological Society for the Use of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Multiple Sclerosis in Clinical Practice: Part 2.
Authors: Pereira Daniela Jardim , Abreu Pedro , Reis Ana Mafalda , Seixas Daniela , Carreiro Inês , Cravo Isabel , Graça Joana , Freitas Pedro Melo , Brito Olga , Silva Solange , Vale José , Vilela Pedro 
Published: January 2020

Introduction: Magnetic resonance imaging is recognized as the most important diagnostic test in the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis, differential diagnosis and evaluation of progression/therapeutic response. However, to make optimal use of magnetic resonance imaging in multiple sclerosis, the use of a standard, reproducible and comparable imaging protocol is of uttermost importance. In this context, the Portuguese Society of Neuroradiology and the Group of Studies of Multiple Sclerosis, after a joint discussion, appointed a committee of experts to create recommendations adapted to the national reality on the use of magnetic resonance imaging in multiple sclerosis. This document represents the second part of the first Portuguese consensus recommendations on the use of magnetic resonance imaging in multiple sclerosis in clinical practice.Material and Methods: The Portuguese Society of Neuroradiology and the Group of Studies of Multiple Sclerosis, after discussing the topic in national meetings and after a working group meeting held in Figueira da Foz, May 2017, appointed a committee of experts that have developed several standard protocols on the use of magnetic resonance imaging on multiple sclerosis by consensus. The document obtained was based on the best scientific evidence and expert opinion. Portuguese multiple sclerosis consultants and departments of neuroradiology scrutinized and reviewed the consensus paper; comments and suggestions were considered. Standardized strategies of magnetic resonance imaging referral in clinical practice for diagnosis and follow-up of multiple sclerosis were published in the first part of this paper.Results: We provide magnetic resonance imaging acquisition protocols regarding multiple sclerosis diagnostic and monitoring and the information to be included in the report for application across Portuguese healthcare institutions.Conclusion: We hope that these first Portuguese magnetic resonance imaging guidelines will contribute to optimize multiple sclerosis management and improve patient care in Portugal.
CORRELATION BETWEEN APOPROTEIN B/APOPROTEIN A-I RATIO WITH HOMA IR VALUE (HOMEOSTATIC MODEL ASSESMENT INSULIN RESISTANCE) IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: Afandi Muhammad Rafli , Marpaung Ferdy Royland 
Published: January 2020

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the seventh leading cause of death in the world (the occuring rate has reached 400 million people). Type2 DM is caused by the body cells’ inability to respond normally to insulin (insulin resistance). Homeostatic Model Assessment-Insuline Resistance (HOMA-IR) is a calculation method which function is to measure the body insulin resistance. Diabetes mellitus can cause lipid metabolism disorders (dyslipidemia) resulting in an increased level of LDL cholesterol and decreased HDL cholesterol. The apoprotein B/apoprotein A-I ratio is the result of comparisons of apoprotein B (LDL protein constituent) and apoprotein A-I (HDL protein constituent). The apo B/apo A-I ratio represents a balance between LDL cholesterol (atherogenic) and HDL (anti-atherogenic). It is astrong signifier in predicting heart disease. Purpose: This study aim to determine the correlation between the apoprotein B/apoprotein A-I ratio with HOMA-IR in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: Observasional, consecutive, 100 people with type 2 diabetes mellitus who is examined in apoprotein B, apoprotein A-I test that calculating the ratio in which ratio are calculated, as well as HOMA-IR in Parahita Clinical Laboratory Surabaya. This study uses Pearson correlation test method with SPSS 22.0 for Windows program. Results: The result of Pearson correlation test between apoprotein B/apoprotein A-I ratio with HOMA-IR in 100 samples is a strong and significant correlation value (r=0,610, p<0,05).Conclusion: There is a strong correlation between the apoprotein B/apoprotein A-I ratio with HOMA-IR in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
HAL‘, İSTİFA VE İHTİLAL: İSLAM DEVLETLERİNDE İKTİDARIN EL DEĞİŞTİRMESİ ÜZERİNE BAZI TESPİTLER
Authors: KAVAK Özgür 
Published: January 2020

İslam devletlerindeki hükümdar değişiklikleri meşruiyet,
itaat-muhalefet dengesi, iktidara başkaldırı, devlet başkanlarının
hal‘ edilmelerinin imkanı ve şerî hükmü gibi siyasi
düşüncenin önemli meselelerinin iç içe geçtiği bir olguya
işaret eder. İslam toplumlarının tarihinde “Halifeler tarihi”
olarak nitelenen süreçte ve özellikle Emevilerden Osmanlıların
son dönemine değin vuku bulan “iktidar değişikliklerini”
klasik tarih kitaplarına yansıyan gerekçeleri bakımından
analiz etmeyi hedefleyen bu yazı, siyasi-fıkhi hükümlere
dair metinlerde şerî çerçevesi çizilen bu meselenin somut
olaylarda karşılığının olup olmadığı hususuna odaklanacaktır.
Aynı zamanda İslam toplumlarının siyasi tutumlarını
mutlak itaat ve despotizm çerçevesinde ele alan akademik
yaklaşımların eleştirisini de içeren makalede devlet başkanlığının
sonlanma yolları üç temel başlık altında incelenmektedir:
Hal‘ (şeriata ittiba ilkesinin ihlali, sağlık problemleri ve
liyakatsizlik), istifa ve ihtilal (bâğî statüsünde değerlendirilme
ve siyasi çekişmeler/isyanlar). Makalenin temel iddiası
siyasi-fıkhi hükümleri havi metinlerdeki şeriatın bağlayıcılığı
ilkesinin klasik tarih kitaplarına yansıdığı haliyle iktidar
değişikliklerinde de merkezi bir konumda bulunduğu ve beyat,
hal‘, fısk ve fitne gibi kavramların tarihi olaylarda somut
yansımalarının yadsınamayacak seviyede olduğudur. Bu da,
bazı durumlarda şeklî olarak da olsa, iktidar değişimlerinde
şerî/fıkhi prosedüre riayet edildiğini, ulema ve diğer devlet
ricali tarafından devreye sokulan “şerî-siyasi taakkul” sürecinin
bu konuda önemli bir rol oynadığını ortaya koymaktadır.
Spektroskopia w podczerwieni z transformatą Fouriera w analizie składu kamieni nerkowych
Authors: Szydlak Renata Beata , Maciukiewicz Piotr 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Kidney stones are one of the most common diseases of the urinary tract, caused by metabolic and excretory disorders. Identification of the components of the stone is necessary to determine the cause of the formation of deposits and to choose the appropriate therapy.The aim of the study was to determine the chemical composition of the kidney stones.Materials and methods: Kidney stones recovered from 46 patients were analyzed for their chemical composition by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The resulting FTIR spectra of the kidney stones were compared to standards.Results: Of the 46 samples, 58.3% were comprised calcium oxalate, 28.3% struvites and 10.9% uric acid. Gender analysis showed that 69.6% of the examined stones were from men and 30.4% from women. Comparison with age revealed that the majority of respondents are people aged 30–44.Conclusions: Calcium oxalate, struvites and uric acid are commonly occurring kidney stones.
Właściwości alkalizujące wybranych krzemianowo-wapniowych uszczelniaczy kanałowych. Badanie in vitro
Authors: Reszka Przemysław , Kucharski Łukasz , Klimowicz Adam , Lipski Mariusz 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTIntroduction: The aim of this in vitro study was to assess the pH values of selected calcium-silicate root canal sealers in comparison with AH Plus resin-based root canal sealer.Materials and methods: Six root canal sealers were included in this study: BioRoot RCS (Septodont, France), GuttaFlow bioseal (Coltėne/Whaledent, Switzerland), MTA Fillapex (Angelus, Brazil), Total Fill BC Sealer (FKG, Switzerland), Well-Root ST (Vericom, Korea) and AH Plus (Dentsply, DeTrey, Germany). Materials samples (n = 6) were placed in dishes and immersed in 10 mL of distilled water (pH = 6.8). After 1, 3, 24, 48, 72, 168, 336 and 504 hrs, water pH was determined with a pH meter calibrated with a solution of known pH. Data were statistically analyzed using Student-t test (p < 0.05).Results: There were differences in the water pH between the materials tested. The highest water pHs were exhibited by Total Fill BC Sealer, Well-Root ST and BioRoot RCS (pH ~12), followed by GuttaFlow bioseal (pH ~10.5) and MTA Fillapex (pH ~9). The lowest pH was shown by AH Plus (pH ~8).Conclusions: All calcium-silicate root canal sealers studied are able to elevate the pH level, which could have biological and antimicrobial effects. The AH Plus root canal sealer has poor alkalizing properties.
Identification of political, legal, economic, social and technological factors forming opportunities and threats for people with moderate intellectual disabilities
Authors: Radlińska Iwona , Karakiewicz Beata , Kolwitz Marcin , Kemicer-Chmielewska Ewa , Flaga-Gieruszyńska Kinga 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Introduction: The aim of the work was to determine opportunities and threats for people with moderate intellectual disabilities (MID) in the context of political, economic, social and technological (PEST) factors.

Materials and methods: This work involved the method of the Community Action Board (CAB), which is a part of the RPAR (Rapid Policy Assessment and Response) methodology, for the in-depth legal analysis. The CAB was used at the second stage of the SWOT analysis (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats) – the assessment of selected PEST factors as opportunities and threats for people with MID.

Results: The most important threats included the implementation of international standards of integration of people with MID occurs without proper social and housing preparation; the lack of interdisciplinary activities by the state in creating public awareness about disabilities; the lack of help to parents at the time of birth of a child with MID. The most important opportunities included creating Internet-based platforms for information exchange, the ability of early support by all educational institutions, increasing access to the assistants of a disabled person, sheltered work, and protected flats.

Conclusions: 1. Unprepared inclusive education, a lack of sheltered employment, and a lack of personal or housing support, all cause social exclusion for people with MID. 2. A low level of awareness in Polish society of disabilities prevents effective social inclusion of people with MID. 3. The lack of a legal framework for supporting parents at the time of birth of a child with MID makes it difficult for the child to receive support. 4. The lack of online platforms for information exchange about access to services for people with MID limits access to such services.
Efficacy of inpatient phase II cardiac rehabilitation in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting
Authors: Szylińska Aleksandra 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Introduction: Cardiac rehabilitation is a complex process that involves improving patient mobility by using endurance training and education on healthy attitudes related to diet and lifestyle. The aim of this study was to compare spirometry results to assess the efficacy of inpatient and at-home post-operative phase II cardiac rehabilitation following coronary artery bypass grafting with extra-corporeal circulation.

Materials and methods: A prospective study was carried out on 104 patients awaiting coronary artery bypass grafting at the Department of Cardiac Surgery, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin. Following surgery, the patients were randomized into study and control groups, each consisting of 52 people. The study group underwent inpatient phase II cardiac rehabilitation at the Department of Cardiac Rehabilitation for the Clinic of Cardiac Surgery. The control group performed the same exercises in the II phase cardiac rehabilitation at home, according to the program obtained at the hospital. The efficacy of both the inpatient and at-home rehabilitation were determined based on spirometry tests performed the day before the surgery, and at 5 and 25–30 days following the operation.

Results: Static analysis of spirometry results tests did not show statistically significant differences between the groups. In the dynamic analysis of data, we determined the differences between the first and second, second and third, and first and third spirometry tests. In the study group, positive statistically significant differences in FVC were found between tests 1–3 (p < 0.001), and 2–3 (p < 0.009).

Conclusions: 1. In the static analysis, both rehabilitation models gave similar results in spirometry tests performed 25–30 days post-operatively, not reaching the baseline levels of FEV and FVC. 2. Dynamic analysis indicated, however, a certain advantage of inpatient rehabilitation, as the decreases in FEV between baseline and final levels were significantly lower, and the increments between the tests performed at 5 day and 25–30 days following surgery were significantly higher in the study group than in the control group.
Analysis of the relationship between the severity of climacteric and depressive symptoms in healthy women and those with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Zimny Małgorzata , Kotwas Artur , Schneider-Motyka Daria , Augustyniuk Katarzyna , Starczewska Małgorzata , Szkup Małgorzata 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Introduction: Menopause, being a natural period associated with the cessation of ovarian function, is one of physiological stages in a woman’s life. Epidemiological studies show that this is when women are at the greatest risk of depressive disorders. Other common conditions observed in menopausal women are various metabolic disorders, including type 2 diabetes.
The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between climacteric and depressive symptoms in healthy women and those with type 2 diabetes.

Materials and methods: This survey-based study involved 103 women aged 44–65 years, including 33 with type 2 diabetes. Research instruments were: the Kupperman Index for the severity of climacteric symptoms, and the Beck Depression Inventory for the severity of depressive symptoms.

Results: The analysis did not reveal any statistically significant relationship between the severity of depressive symptoms and type 2 diabetes. At the same time, it demonstrated that the lack of energy dependent on the severity of depressive symptoms in women with type 2 diabetes. The severity of depressive symptoms in the group of non-diabetic women contributed to the severity of sleep disorders, vertigo, and a lack of energy.

Conclusions: Climacteric symptoms significantly affect biopsy-chosocial status of perimenopausal women, irrespective of whether they have type 2 diabetes.
Etiology and prevention of movement disorders in dentists
Authors: Weber-Nowakowska Katarzyna , Gębska Magdalena , Żyżniewska-Banaszak Ewelina 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Dentistry is a combination of physical and mental work. It is associated with the responsiveness and the preservation of precision. Almost all activities performed while working with a patient require maintaining a static position, often using the incorrect pattern. The most common nonergonomic position of the dentist is the position standing on the side of the sitting patient. It requires the maintenance of continuous bending of the torso with rotation and positioning of the upper limbs in the abduction and bending. Long standing in such a position leads to numerous pathologies of the movement system. There are a number of opportunities and activities to improve work comfort, eliminate risk factors. The most important factor that improves the quality and comfort of the dentist’s work is the correct design of the treatment area, allowing proper, ergonomic positioning of the body. It is important to use recreational forms of physical activity. Every professionally active dentist should use appropriate exercise and physical activity. Combining ergonomics with physio prevention avoids the occurrence of dysfunction that may lead to stop working.
Modern methods of hard tissue cavity preparation – literature overview
Authors: Berczyńska Dorota , Buczkowska-Radlińska Jadwiga , Berczyński Paweł , Gmerek Anna 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Undeniably, adhesives play crucial role in modern dentistry. In order to deliver high bonding quality, profound removal of decayed hard tissues is indispensable, along with a healthy tissue preservation. There is a great variety of tools and agents, dentists can use in practice. The most popular among them are certainly dental drill units. However, air abrasion, ultrasonic generators and lasers are also relevant. While selecting the right approach, both advantages and limitations of a particular technique must be considered.