bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental Joint Identification Using System Equivalent Model Mixing in a Bladed Disk
Authors: Saeed Zeeshan , Klaassen Steven W. B. , Firrone Christian M. , Berruti Teresa M. , Rixen Daniel J. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
A joint between two components can be seen as a means to transmit dynamic information from one side to the other. To identify the joint, a reverse process called decoupling can be applied. This is not as straightforward as the coupling, especially when the substructures have three-dimensional characteristics, or sensor mounting effects are significant, or the interface degrees-of-freedom (DoF) are inaccessible for response measurement and excitation. Acquiring frequency response functions (FRFs) at the interface DoF, therefore, becomes challenging. Consequently, one has to consider hybrid or expansion methods that can expand the observed dynamics on accessible DoF to inaccessible DoF. In this work, we attempt to identify the joint dynamics using the system equivalent model mixing (SEMM) decoupling method with a virtual point description of the interface. Measurements are made only at the internal DoF of the uncoupled substructures and also of the coupled structure assuming that the joint dynamics are observable in the assembled state. Expanding them to the interface DoF and performing coupling and decoupling operations iteratively, the joint is identified. The substructures under consideration are a disk and blade—an academic test geometry that has a total of 18 blades but only one blade-to-disk joint is considered in this investigation. The joint is a typical dove-tail assembly. The method is shown to identify the joint without any direct interface DoF measurement.
Non-Uniform Heating Effects on the Convective Airflow in an Open Cavity With Ventilation Ports Under Non-Boussinesq Conditions
Authors: Zamora Blas 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The influence of non-uniform heating conditions on the buoyancy-driven flow established in an open square cavity with ventilation ports is studied. Cavity configuration is shaped to electronic device with passive cooling. Numerical results for relevant parameters are presented as a function of the Rayleigh number, considering both fixed temperature and heat flux heating conditions. The results obtained retaining the temperature-dependent thermophysical properties are compared with those calculated under the Boussinesq approximation. The impact that the non-uniformly heated wall produces on the thermal and dynamic behavior of the airflow is analyzed. The choice of a given heating distribution slope can produce a thermal behavior improvement, even increasing heat transfer above 20%. Some practical engineering correlations are presented. In fact, a correlation for the critical heating parameter for isoflux heating condition, concerned to the burnout phenomenon, is obtained from numerical results. The effects of the non-uniform heating condition (heat flux case) are not too relevant on this particular phenomenon.
The Acute Effects of Different Intensity Whole-Body Vibration Exposure on Muscle Tone and Strength of the Lower Legs, and Hamstring Flexibility: A Pilot Study
Authors: Saldıran Tülay Çevik , Atıcı Emine , Rezaei Derya Azim , Öztürk Özgül , Uslu Burcu , Özcan Burcu Ateş , Okudan Begüm 
Published: May 2020

Context:The research on the change in properties of the lower leg muscles by different intensity sinusoidal vertical whole-body vibration (SV-WBV) exposures has not yet been investigated.Objective:The purpose of this study was to determine effect of a 20-minute different intensity SV-WBV application to the ankle plantar flexor and dorsiflexor muscles properties and hamstring flexibility.Design:Prospective preintervention–postintervention design.Setting:Physiotherapy department.Participants:A total of 50 recreationally active college-aged individuals with no history of a lower leg injury volunteered.Interventions:The SV-WBV was applied throughout the session with an amplitude of 2 to 4 mm and a frequency of 25 Hz in moderate-intensity vibration group and 40 Hz in a vigorous-intensity vibration group.Main Outcome Measures:The gastrocnemius and tibialis anterior muscle tone was assessed with MyotonPRO, and the strength evaluation was made on the same lower leg muscles using hand-held dynamometer. The sit and reach test was used for the lower leg flexibility evaluation.Results:The gastrocnemius muscle tone decreased on the right side (d = 0.643,P = .01) and increased on the left (d = 0.593,P = .04) when vigorous-intensity vibration was applied. Bilateral gastrocnemius muscle strength did not change in both groups (P > .05). Without differences between groups, bilateral tibialis anterior muscle strength increased in both groups (P < .01). Bilateral gastrocnemius and tibialis anterior muscle tone did not change in the moderate-intensity vibration group (P > .05). Flexibility increased in both groups (P < .01); however, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups (d = 0.169,P = .55).Conclusions:According to study results, if SV-WBV is to be used in hamstring flexibility or ankle dorsiflexor muscle strengthening, both vibration exposures should be preferred. Different vibration programs could be proposed to increase ankle plantar flexor muscle strength in the acute results. Vigorous-intensity vibration exposure is effective in altering ankle plantar flexor muscle tone, but it is important to be aware of the differences between the lower legs.
Epidemiology of UK Military Exercise SAIF SAREEA 3: future planning for hot climates
Authors: Chase S L , Kavanagh Williamson M , Smith M B 
Published: May 2020

IntroductionEpidemiological data captured from military exercises and operations can highlight treatment requirements specific to operating in certain environmental conditions. Such data is invaluable to enable accurate planning for future exercises. Epidemiological data were collected during Exercise SAIF SAREEA 3 (SS3) to provide an insight into medical provision requirements for low-tempo military operations in hot, desert climates.MethodEpidemiological data was collected from all consultations conducted during the exercise within the LAND Medical Reception Station, 24 August–14 November 2018, using Epi-NATO surveillance systems.ResultsOf the 1414 total consultations recorded, 759 were first presentations and 665 were follow-up consultations, with 35 referrals made to hospitals. 1348 days of limited duties were given and 258 working days were lost. The most common coding reported for consultations were ‘non-battle non-sport related injuries’, ‘sport related injuries’and ‘dermatological'.DiscussionThe data highlight the most common cause of injuries and the role of assets such as dental, sexual and mental health services for future deployments. A number of explanations are considered in relation to the patterns identified and the effect on future planning for working in hot climates. Furthermore, Exercise SS3 had reduced numbers of personnel requiring deployed Role 2 or host nation hospital services, which again raises further considerations for future deployments.
Postdeployment reintegration attitude of injured Dutch service members: a longitudinal study
Authors: de Kruijff Loes G M , Plat M-C , van Dongen T , Hoencamp R , van der Wurff P 
Published: May 2020

ObjectiveAfter deployment, service members can experience difficulties reintegrating. Sustaining injuries on the battlefield can disrupt the reintegration period. The first aim was to follow-up the reintegration attitude towards family, work and on a personal level after deployment in Dutch battlefield casualties (BCs). The second was to compare their postdeployment reintegration attitude with that of healthy controls.MethodsA questionnaire concerning reintegration attitude, the Postdeployment Reintegration Scale (PDRS), was provided to all service members who received rehabilitation after sustaining injuries in Op TASK FORCE URUZGAN. The questionnaire was administered in 27 BCs at a median of 2 years post incident and 5.5 years post incident. At 5.5 years post incident, the PDRS of the BCs was compared with a control group consisting of service members from the same combat units.ResultsA significant difference was found for the BCs with an increased negative personal attitude (p=0.02) and a decreased negative attitude towards work (p=0.02) at 5.5 years compared with 2 years post incident. No differences in postdeployment reintegration attitude was observed between the BCs and controls at 5.5 years post incident.ConclusionsThe results showed that for the BCs the personal attitude becomes more negative in time. However, the negative attitude towards work decreases in time after deployment. Particular attention should be paid to traumatic stress and aftercare.
Impact of trauma centre capacity and volume on the mortality risk of incoming new admissions
Authors: Chiu William C , Powers D B , Hirshon J M , Shackelford S A , Hu P F , Chen S Y , Chen H H , Mackenzie C F , Miller C H , DuBose J J , Carroll C , Fang R , Scalea T M 
Published: May 2020

IntroductionTrauma centre capacity and surge volume may affect decisions on where to transport a critically injured patient and whether to bypass the closest facility. Our hypothesis was that overcrowding and high patient acuity would contribute to increase the mortality risk for incoming admissions.MethodsFor a 6-year period, we merged and cross-correlated our institutional trauma registry with a database on Trauma Resuscitation Unit (TRU) patient admissions, movement and discharges, with average capacity of 12 trauma bays. The outcomes of overall hospital and 24 hours mortality for new trauma admissions (NEW) were assessed by multivariate logistic regression.ResultsThere were 42 003 (mean=7000/year) admissions having complete data sets, with 36 354 (87%) patients who were primary trauma admissions, age ≥18 and survival ≥15 min. In the logistic regression model for the entire cohort, NEW admission hospital mortality was only associated with NEW admission age and prehospital Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and Shock Index (SI) (all p<0.05). When TRU occupancy reached ≥16 patients, the factors associated with increased NEW admission hospital mortality were existing patients (TRU >1 hour) with SI ≥0.9, recent admissions (TRU ≤1 hour) with age ≥65, NEW admission age and prehospital GCS and SI (all p<0.05).ConclusionThe mortality of incoming patients is not impacted by routine trauma centre overcapacity. In conditions of severe overcrowding, the number of admitted patients with shock physiology and a recent surge of elderly/debilitated patients may influence the mortality risk of a new trauma admission.
Phenomenological study of medical interns reflecting on their experiences, of open disclosure communication after medication error: linking rationalisation to the conscious competency matrix
Authors: Lane Andrew Stuart , Roberts Chris 
Published: May 2020

Introduction and objectivesErrors are common within healthcare, especially those involving the prescribing of medications. Open disclosure is a policy stating doctors should apologise for such errors, discussing them with the harmed parties. Many junior doctors take part in open disclosure without any formal training or experience, which can lead to failure of the apology, and increased patient/family frustration. In this study, we explore the ways in which interns perceive the relationship between medication error and their experience of open disclosure.MethodsUsing known theoretical frameworks of apology and moral rationalisation, a qualitative study of medical interns who had been involved in open disclosure was conducted. Twelve medical interns volunteered, and were selected using purposive sampling. Face-to-face semi-structured interviews illuminated their clinical experiences of open disclosure after medication error. The data was coded and analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Our data supported three super-ordinate themes: (1) Rationalisation of medical error, (2) Culture of medical error and (3) Apology in practice.ResultsThe interns in this study rationalised their observations, their subsequent actions and their language. Rather than reframing their thinking, they became part of a healthcare environment that culturally accepted, promoted and perpetuated error. Rationalisation can lead to loss of context in apologising, which can be perceived as unempathic by the patients/families. However, when reflection and unpacking of their errors, they acknowledged that their reasoning was problematic, recognised the reasons why and were able to reframe their approach to apology for a future occasion.ConclusionOur data suggests the utility of a learning framework around open disclosure following medication error, for having a supervisor conversation about aspects of the interns’ rationalisation of their clinical practice, in their contextualised clinical environment. Further research could clarify whether interns are ‘unconsciously incompetent’ or ‘consciously incompetent’, when addressing medication error and preparing to apologise.
Documenting the untold histories of late-diagnosed autistic adults: a qualitative study protocol using oral history methodology
Authors: Pellicano Elizabeth , Lawson Wenn , Hall Gabrielle , Mahony Joanne , Lilley Rozanna , Davis Catherine , Arnold Samuel , Trollor Julian , Yudell Michael 
Published: May 2020

IntroductionReceiving a diagnosis of autism in adulthood is increasingly common for a subset of individuals who were either misdiagnosed in childhood or missed out on a diagnosis altogether. This qualitative study, coproduced with autistic people, invites late-diagnosed autistic adults to share their life histories to (1) understand better the consequences of living without a diagnosis, (2) elucidate what precipitates an autism diagnosis in mid-to-late adulthood and (3) identify the perceived impact of receiving that diagnosis.Methods and analysisOral histories have been a successful way to uncover overlooked and marginalised voices. We therefore adopt qualitative, oral history methodology in this study to understand these adults’ experiences, especially of living in an era when autism was not well known. We will recruit 24 participants who will (1) have been born before 1975, (2) have received a clinical, autism diagnosis after the age of 35, (3) be English-speaking and (4) have spent most of their childhood and adulthood living in Australia. Participants will take part in four sessions, including the main, qualitative, oral history interview, through a range of possible formats to facilitate inclusion. The interview data will be analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.Ethics and disseminationThe protocol has received institutional research ethics approval from Macquarie University’s Human Research Ethics Committee (Ref.: 52019556310562). This study will yield understanding of the life experiences of autistic adults, especially middle-aged and older Australians, should inform more effective diagnostic practices and provide insight into the key factors that might promote resilience and enhance quality of life in autistic people. The findings will be disseminated to academic and clinical audiences through journal articles and conference presentations and to the autistic and autism communities through accessible reports. The interviews will also be prepared for digital archiving, which will enable ongoing access for future generations and communities.
Interplay between glucocorticoids and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes on the prognosis of adrenocortical carcinoma
Authors: Landwehr Laura-Sophie , Altieri Barbara , Schreiner Jochen , Sbiera Iuliu , Weigand Isabel , Kroiss Matthias , Fassnacht Martin , Sbiera Silviu 
Published: May 2020

BackgroundAdrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare endocrine malignancy. Tumor-related glucocorticoid excess is present in ~60% of patients and associated with particularly poor prognosis. Results of first clinical trials using immune checkpoint inhibitors were heterogeneous. Here we characterize tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes (TILs) in ACC in association with glucocorticoids as potential explanation for resistance to immunotherapy.MethodsWe performed immunofluorescence analysis to visualize tumor-infiltrating T cells (CD3+), T helper cells (CD3+CD4+), cytotoxic T cells (CD3+CD8+) and regulatory T cells (Tregs; CD3+CD4+FoxP3+) in 146 ACC tissue specimens (107 primary tumors, 16 local recurrences, 23 metastases). Quantitative data of immune cell infiltration were correlated with clinical data (including glucocorticoid excess).Results86.3% of ACC specimens showed tumor infiltrating T cells (7.7 cells/high power field (HPF)), including T helper (74.0%, 6.7 cells/HPF), cytotoxic T cells (84.3%, 5.7 cells/HPF) and Tregs (49.3%, 0.8 cells/HPF). The number of TILs was associated with better overall survival (HR for death: 0.47, 95% CI 0.25 to 0.87), which was true for CD4+− and CD8+subpopulations as well. In localized, non-metastatic ACC, the favorable impact of TILs on overall and recurrence-free survival was manifested even independently of ENSAT (European Network for the Study of Adrenal Tumors) stage, resection status and Ki67 index. T helper cells were negatively correlated with glucocorticoid excess (Phi=−0.290, p=0.009). Patients with glucocorticoid excess and low TILs had a particularly poor overall survival (27 vs. 121 months in patients with TILs without glucocorticoid excess).ConclusionGlucocorticoid excess is associated with T cell depletion and unfavorable prognosis. To reactivate the immune system in ACC by checkpoint inhibitors, an inhibition of adrenal steroidogenesis might be pivotal and should be tested in prospective studies.
CD40 agonist-induced IL-12p40 potentiates hepatotoxicity
Authors: Bonnans Caroline , Thomas Graham , He Wenqian , Jung Breanna , Chen Wei , Liao Min , Heyen Jonathan , Buetow Bernard , Pillai Smitha , Matsumoto Diane , Chaparro-Riggers Javier , Salek-Ardakani Shahram , Qu Yan 
Published: May 2020

BackgroundCD40 is a compelling target for cancer immunotherapy, however, attempts to successfully target this pathway have consistently been hampered by dose-limiting toxicity issues in the clinic that prevents the administration of efficacious doses.MethodsHere, using cytokine and cytokine receptor depletion strategies in conjunction with a potent CD40 agonist, we investigated mechanisms underlying the two primary sources of CD40 agonist-associated toxicity, hepatotoxicity and cytokine release syndrome (CRS).ResultsWe demonstrate that CD40 agonist -induced hepatotoxicity and CRS are mechanistically independent. Historical data have supported a role for interleukin-6 (IL-6) in CRS-associated wasting, however, our findings instead show that an inflammatory cytokine network involving TNF, IL-12p40, and IFNγ underlie this process. Deficiency of TNF or IFNγ did not influence CD40-induced hepatitis however loss of IL-12p40 significantly decreased circulating concentrations of liver enzymes and reduced the frequency of activated CD14+MHCII+myeloid cells in the liver, indicating a role for IL-12p40 in liver pathology.ConclusionsAs clinical research programs aim to circumnavigate toxicity concerns while maintaining antitumor efficacy it will be essential to understand which features of CD40 biology mediate antitumor function to develop both safe and efficacious agonists.
Search for neutrino counterparts of gravitational-wave events detected by LIGO and Virgo during run O2 with the ANTARES telescope
Authors: Albert A. , André M. , Anghinolfi M. , Anton G. , Ardid M. , Aubert J.-J. , Aublin J. , Baret B. , Basa S. , Belhorma B. , Bertin V. , Biagi S. , Bissinger M. , Boumaaza J. , Bouta M. , Bouwhuis M. C. , Brânzaş H. , Bruijn R. , Brunner J. , Busto J. , Capone A. , Caramete L. , Carr J. , Celli S. , Chabab M. , Chau T. N. , Moursli R. Cherkaoui El , Chiarusi T. , Circella M. , Coleiro A. , Molla M. Colomer , Coniglione R. , Coyle P. , Creusot A. , Díaz A. F. , de Wasseige G. , Deschamps A. , Distefano C. , Palma I. Di , Domi A. , Donzaud C. , Dornic D. , Drouhin D. , Eberl T. , Khayati N. El , Enzenhöfer A. , Ettahiri A. , Fermani P. , Ferrara G. , Filippini F. , Fusco L. , Gay P. , Glotin H. , Gozzini R. , Ruiz R. Gracia , Graf K. , Guidi C. , Hallmann S. , van Haren H. , Heijboer A. J. , Hello Y. , Hernández-Rey J. J. , Hößl J. , Hofestädt J. , Huang F. , Illuminati G. , James C. W. , de Jong M. , de Jong P. , Jongen M. , Kadler M. , Kalekin O. , Katz U. , Khan-Chowdhury N. R. , Kouchner A. , Kreykenbohm I. , Kulikovskiy V. , Lahmann R. , Le Breton R. , Lefèvre D. , Leonora E. , Levi G. , Lincetto M. , Lopez-Coto D. , Loucatos S. , Maggi G. , Manczak J. , Marcelin M. , Margiotta A. , Marinelli A. , Martínez-Mora J. A. , Mele R. , Melis K. , Migliozzi P. , Moser M. , Moussa A. , Muller R. , Nauta L. , Navas S. , Nezri E. , Nielsen C. , Nuñez-Castiñeyra A. , O’Fearraigh B. , Organokov M. , Păvălaş G. E. , Pellegrino C. , Perrin-Terrin M. , Piattelli P. , Poirè C. , Popa V. , Pradier T. , Randazzo N. , Reck S. , Riccobene G. , Sánchez-Losa A. , Samtleben D. F. E. , Sanguineti M. , Sapienza P. , Schüssler F. , Spurio M. , Stolarczyk Th. , Strandberg B. , Taiuti M. , Tayalati Y. , Thakore T. , Tingay S. J. , Trovato A. , Vallage B. , Van Elewyck V. , Versari F. , Viola S. , Vivolo D. , Wilms J. , Zaborov D. , Zegarelli A. , Zornoza J. D. , Zúñiga J. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAn offline search for a neutrino counterpart to gravitational-wave (GW) events detected during the second observation run (O2) of Advanced-LIGO and Advanced-Virgo performed with ANTARES data is presented. In addition to the search for long tracks induced by $$\nu _\mu $$νμ ($${\overline{\nu }}_{\mu }$$ν¯μ) charged current interactions, a search for showering events induced by interactions of neutrinos of any flavour is conducted. The severe spatial and time coincidence provided by the gravitational-wave alert allows regions above the detector horizon to be probed, extending the ANTARES sensitivity over the entire sky. The results of this all-neutrino-flavour and all-sky time dependent analysis are presented. The search for prompt neutrino emission within ±500 s around the time of six GW events yields no neutrino counterparts. Upper limits on the neutrino spectral fluence and constraints on the isotropic energy radiated via high-energy neutrinos (from a few TeV to a few tens of PeV) are set for each GW event analysed.
Bottomonia production and polarization in the NRQCD with $$k_T$$-factorization. II: $$\Upsilon (2S)$$ and $$\chi _b(2P)$$ mesons
Authors: Abdulov N. A. , Lipatov A. V. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe$$\Upsilon (2S)$$Υ(2S)production and polarization at high energies is studied in the framework of$$k_T$$kT-factorization approach. Our consideration is based on the non-relativistic QCD formalism for bound states formation and off-shell production amplitudes for hard partonic subprocesses. The direct production mechanism, feed-down contributions from radiative$$\chi _b(3P)$$χb(3P)and$$\chi _b(2P)$$χb(2P)decays and contributions from$$\Upsilon (3S)$$Υ(3S)decays are taken into account. The transverse momentum dependent gluon densities in a proton were derived from the Ciafaloni–Catani–Fiorani–Marchesini evolution equation, Kimber-Martin-Ryskin prescription and Parton Branching method. Treating the non-perturbative color octet transitions in terms of the mulitpole radiation theory, we extract the corresponding non-perturbative matrix elements for$$\Upsilon (2S)$$Υ(2S)and$$\chi _b(2P)$$χb(2P)mesons from a combined fit to$$\Upsilon (2S)$$Υ(2S)transverse momenta distributions measured by the CMS and ATLAS Collaborations at the LHC energies$$\sqrt{s} = 7$$s=7and 13 TeV and from the relative production rate$$R^{\chi _b(2P)}_{\Upsilon (2S)}$$RΥ(2S)χb(2P)measured by the LHCb Collaboration at$$\sqrt{s} = 7$$s=7and 8 TeV. Then we apply the extracted values to investigate the polarization parameters$$\lambda _\theta $$λθ,$$\lambda _\phi $$λϕand$$\lambda _{\theta \phi }$$λθϕ, which determine the$$\Upsilon (2S)$$Υ(2S)spin density matrix. Our predictions have a good agreement with the currently available data within the theoretical and experimental uncertainties.