bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physiotherapy and rehabilitation students’ opinions on anatomy education: a cross-sectional survey study
Authors: Turhan Begumhan 
Published: May 2020

IntroductionThe study aim was to establish physiotherapy students’ opinions about anatomy education, to explore attitudes towards studying anatomy, and thus to evaluate possibilities to improve anatomy education.MethodsSecond-year physiotherapy students (98 females, 57 males) voluntarily participated in this study. Data were obtained by a questionnaire, which consisted of 35 questions.ResultsThe participants’ mean age was 22 ± 1.77 years. The grade point average of females was higher than that of males (<i>p</i> = 0.001). Although the study duration per week and grade point average were moderately correlated in females (<i>r</i> = 0.397, <i>p</i> = 0.001), no correlation was determined in males. The statement ‘Anatomy courses motivate me for my carrier’ achieved the highest mean score (1.45 ± 0.8). The least mean score (0.21 ± 0.2) regarded the association between the given anatomy education and clinical practice. For 75.48% of the students, the endocrine system was the most interesting. The musculoskeletal system was learnt the best (69.03%). Video records and course notes given by the lecturer were the most beneficial studying materials for practical and theoretical anatomy lectures, respectively (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The textbook recommended by the lecturer turned out the least beneficial material for both practical (1.74 ± 0.82) and theoretical (1.17 ± 0.83) anatomy (<i>p</i> < 0.05).ConclusionsIt is anticipated that interactive educators will be more helpful to teach the lessons. Moreover, it seems that anatomy education in physiotherapy and rehabilitation departments may need revisions to enhance students’ motivation and improve academic learning.
Introduction
Authors: Thomson Jennifer 
Published: May 2020

The introductory chapter reinterprets Rachel Carson’s Silent Spring (1962) and its historiographical legacy. It begins with an exploration of lay and expert conceptualizations of the relationship between health and the environment in the United States in the pre-WWII period. It then situates health and environmentalism within both the broader political culture of liberal and progressive activism in the post-WWII period, and the legislative and regulatory trajectory of health and the environment. From these broader histories, the chapter argues that the widespread lionization of Carson’s work and person, by embracing an influential yet bounded reformism for which health was a matter of personal choice and individual boundaries, has impeded a more wide-ranging scholarly engagement with the centrality of health to environmental politics.
AUTOGESTÃO E DISCURSOS NEOLIBERAIS NA EDUCAÇÃO: O (CON)TEXTO PRÁXIS
Authors: Menegazzi Themis Karine Dutra , Da Costa Joacir Marques 
Published: May 2020

Resumo: Este trabalho é parte de uma pesquisa desenvolvida ao longo do Curso de Especialização em Gestão Educacional, da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM). Além disso, se configura como uma tentativa de releitura da prática de autogestão, a partir do contexto neoliberal atual com o objetivo de compreender os discursos produzidos acerca de autogestão no contexto do Coletivo Práxis de Educação Popular. O Práxis é um coletivo vinculado à UFSM que atua como movimento social de educação popular e é autogerido pelos seus componentes. Para tanto, foi realizada uma análise discursiva tanto em documentos como o Projeto do Coletivo quanto nas práticas sócio-político-discursivas do coletivo, entendendo o discurso como uma prática construtiva de significação do mundo. Assim, o Práxis se apresenta como uma produção discursiva hibridizada em que a educação e a autogestão são re/significadas frente a uma negociação/disputa discursiva democrática/neoliberal..

Palavras-chave: Autogestão; Educação; Neoliberalismo; Práxis.
Staying within planetary boundaries as a premise for sustainability: On the responsibility to address counteracting sustainable development goals
Authors: Nilsen Heidi Rapp 
Published: May 2020

Sustainable development, as explained through the three pillars of environment, society and economy, is a well-known concept and has been used extensively in recent decades. There is finally a growing acknowledgement that environmental sustainability is the prerequisite for achieving the other two pillars of societal and economic sustainability. Nevertheless, there is a tendency to not explicate the negative interactions between the pillars of sustainability, as in the interlinkages between the UN’s sustainable development goals. In this paper, we draw attention to a method for explicating both reinforcing and counteracting goals. This is a conceptual paper but with short, illustrative examples from different levels of the R&D sphere on how this method can be used: one example is at the project level, two are from financiers of R&D projects, and the other is at the UN level. Finally, a longer discussion on relevant ethical guidelines is presented. This paper addresses the responsibility to recognize when and how sustainability goals counteract each other through two key actions. The first action is to identify transgressions of global ecological system boundaries and the resulting serious consequences for trading on environmental sustainability. The second involves bringing to the fore relevant ethical guidelines from the Norwegian National Research Ethics Committee. An update of these guidelines is suggested to reflect recent research on the transgression of planetary boundaries and the consequences for a safe operating space for humans on Earth.
Keywords: Environmental sustainability, ethical guidelines for research, UN sustainable development goals, counteracting goals
2020/1 EELC’s review of the year 2019
Authors: Houweling Ruben , Petrylaitė Daiva , Schöffmann Peter , Kun Attila , Maffei Francesca , Lhernould Jean-Philippe , Bruun Niklas , Vos Jan-Pieter , Ratti Luca , Kerr Anthony , Hůrka Petr , Vrajík Michal 
Published: May 2020

2020/1 EELC’s review of the year 2019
Various of our academic board analysed employment law cases from last year. However, first, we start with some general remarks.
2020/6 Supreme Court judgment on the concept of comparable permanent employees (DK)
Authors: Clasen Christian K. 
Published: May 2020

2020/6 Supreme Court judgment on the concept of comparable permanent employees (DK)
In a recent case on fixed-term employment, the Danish Supreme Court addressed the question of what constitutes a comparable permanent employee. The Supreme Court ruled that four employees, who worked in a government agency, were not comparable with the agency’s permanent employees and for this reason they had not been discriminated against on the grounds of their fixed-term contracts.
2020/7 Successive fixed-term employment contracts (RO)
Authors: Suciu Andreea , Manaila Teodora 
Published: May 2020

2020/7 Successive fixed-term employment contracts (RO)
The Craiova Court of Appeal has ruled that the continuous extensions of a fixed-term employment based on national provisions is not in accordance with the European jurisprudence. Relying on the findings of ECJ case C-614/15, the Craiova Court of Appeal made an exhaustive analysis of the relying arguments for subsequent extensions of fixed-term employments agreements for long periods of time and the objective reasons behind such use of contracts.
2020/8 Right of temporary workers to the same pay for the same work (LT)
Authors: Petrylaitė Vida 
Published: May 2020

2020/8 Right of temporary workers to the same pay for the same work (LT)
On 20 June 2019, Vilnius Regional Court in Lithuania (instance of appeal) delivered a decision in a case where the applicants claimed that a temporary employment agency, UAB Manpower Lit (the ‘Agency’), which recruited temporary workers (‘claimants’) for the European Institute for Gender Equality (‘EIGE’), paid them lower salaries than permanent staff. It was ruled that the Agency had discriminated against these workers by paying them lower salaries than they would have received if they had been recruited directly by EIGE. The Court also ordered the payment of pay arrears for a certain period to the temporary staff.
2020/9 Employment Tribunal finds that ‘workers’ transfer under TUPE (UK)
Authors: Leckey Colin 
Published: May 2020

2020/9 Employment Tribunal finds that ‘workers’ transfer under TUPE (UK)
In a surprise decision, with potentially wide-ranging ramifications, an Employment Tribunal (ET) has found that ‘workers’ as well as traditional ‘employees’ are covered by the Transfer of Undertakings (Protection of Employment) Regulations 2006 (TUPE).
Closing the Tabernacle European Madonna Tabernacles c. 1150 – c. 1350
Authors: Andersen Elisabeth 
Published: May 2020

There are at least twenty-nine Madonna tabernacles from 1150–1350 with one or more wings preserved, most of them in Scandinavia and Spain. These tabernacles housed a sculpture of the Virgin and Child. In the open position, the central sculpture would be revealed, surrounded by scenes from the Incarnation story, depicted in relief, paint, or a combination of both. The aim of this paper is to explore these Madonna tabernacle in its closed position; What decoration and motifs are found on the exteriors? Can a closer examination of the exteriors of these works provide a greater understanding of their function and later development? And, finally, is there a difference between a closed Madonna tabernacle and a closed tabernacle that houses other saints? Most of the surviving tabernacles have wings with monochrome exteriors, often red, but also green and black or a combination of red and green. There are also examples of tabernacles with patterns or foliage. Only six tabernacles have traces of figural decoration on the exterior. Here we find St. Peter and St. Paul, sometimes together with St. John. One tabernacle has the Passion of Christ on the exterior wings. Tabernacles housing saints other than a Madonna figure have also had monochrome exteriors, often red, although several of them, at least in Scandinavia, have lost most of their original color. Only two examples have figural decorations on the exterior and they would probably have had depictions of St. Paul and St. Peter.[1] This leads us to the conclusion that in a closed position there was little that distinguished a Madonna tabernacle from tabernacles housing other saints. [1] Both of the tabernacles only have one of the two half- wings preserved with a depiction of St. Paul on the exterior. St.Peter would probably be on the other (lost) half-wings. See Paragraph “TABERNACLES HOUSING OTHER SAINTS”.
Evidencias de validez de una medida de competencias genéricas
Authors: Alvarez Benítez María Mónica , Muñoz Isabel Inmaculada Asensio 
Published: May 2020

Resumen El nivel de empleabilidad que consiguen las Universidades está considerado como un indicador de calidad y se relaciona estrechamente con la formación en competencias profesionales que reciben los estudiantes. Pero el desempeño profesional de los egresados depende no solo del dominio de competencias específicas, que se trabajan de manera particular e intencional en cada carrera y asignatura, sino también del desarrollo de competencias genéricas, que no siempre se consigue con los métodos y estructuras de enseñanza-aprendizaje formales. Este trabajo se centra en el estudio de las competencias genéricas más relacionadas con la autoeficacia profesional y se ubica dentro de una investigación más amplia que relaciona su desarrollo con la práctica deportiva. El propósito particular del presente artículo es aportar evidencias de validez de una medida de competencias genéricas aplicable en la Universidad, mediante el uso de una técnica poco convencional, como es la segmentación jerárquica. La muestra utilizada está formada por 1267 alumnos universitarios, españoles y mexicanos, deportistas y no deportistas. Con el programa SPSS se obtiene el estudio de fiabilidad y los árboles CART (Classification And Regression Trees), así como la importancia normalizada de los ítems en cuanto a su relación con el criterio de validez, que es la autopercepción competencial para el trabajo que manifiestan los encuestados. Los resultados permiten identificar y jerarquizar las competencias genéricas que, atendiendo a la percepción de los encuestados, convendría trabajar en la Universidad si se pretende mejorar sus índices de empleabilidad. Se discute la aportación metodológica novedosa que supone el empleo de la segmentación empleada como técnica empírica de obtención de evidencias de validez en el avance de la investigación en este campo.
Maternal trauma and fear history predictBDNFmethylation and gene expression in newborns
Authors: Pilkay Stefanie R. , Combs-Orme Terri , Tylavsky Frances , Bush Nicole , Smith Alicia K. 
Published: May 2020

Trauma and related fear exert significant influence on mental and physical health throughout the lifespan and are associated with intergenerational patterns of development, health, and behavior. DNA methylation and gene expression are involved in our developmental adaptations to our experiences and can be influenced by social interventions. Patterns of DNA methylation and expression of a gene involved in neurodevelopment and psychiatric risk (BDNF) have been linked with childhood trauma. Given the intergenerational patterns of health and behavior, and previous links between childhood trauma andBDNFmethylation and expression, this study investigated the potential for maternal history of traumatic experiences to influence development in her newborn, via changes in her newborn’sBDNFmethylation and expression. We found that mothers’ trauma history was associated with epigenetic regulation ofBDNFin their newborns. Moreover, the association between maternal trauma andBDNFmethylation and expression patterns were moderated by newborn sex. Male newborns showed increasedBDNFexpression with maternal exposure to child abuse (p = .001), and increasedBDNFmethylation with greater maternal fear (p = .001). Female newborns showed reducedBDNFexpression with greater maternal fear (p = .004). Practitioners strive to identify prevention and intervention avenues that will reduce the harmful effects of trauma. Future research should consider the potential for maternal historical trauma experiences to influence offspring DNA methylation and gene expression in a manner that could alter development and inform novel prevention strategies.
A within-subject comparison of different relaxation therapies in eliciting physiological and psychological changes in young women
Authors: Dib Sarah , Wells Jonathan C.K. , Fewtrell Mary 
Published: May 2020

BackgroundStress reactivity can be different in women compared to men, which might consequently influence disease risk.Stress in women may also generate adverse physiological effects on their offspring during pregnancy or lactation. The objective of this study was to compare the effects of different relaxation interventions on physiological outcomes and perceived relaxation in healthy young women, to assist in identifying the most appropriate intervention(s) for use in a subsequent trial for mothers who deliver prematurely.MethodsA within-subject study was conducted in 17 women of reproductive age comparing five different relaxation interventions (guided-imagery meditation audio (GIM), music listening (ML), relaxation lighting (RL), GIM+RL, ML+RL), with control (silence/sitting), assigned in random order over a 3–6 week period. Subjective feelings of relaxation (10-point scale), heart rate (HR), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP), and fingertip temperature (FT) were measured before and after each techniqueResultsAll interventions significantly increased perceived relaxation and FT, while music also significantly reduced SBP (p < 0.05). Compared to control, HR significantly decreased following GIM (mean difference = 3.2 bpm,p < 0.05), and FT increased (mean difference = 2.2 °C,p < 0.05) and SBP decreased (mean difference = 3.3 mmHg,p < 0.01) following ML. GIM + RL followed by GIM were the most preferred interventions.ConclusionsBased on preference, simplicity, and the physiological and psychological effects, GIM and ML were identified as the most effective tools for reducing stress and improving relaxation. These techniques warrant further research in larger samples and other populations.
Gestão social, democracia e os desafios da crise sociopolítica no contexto da pandemia: uma análise a partir da RGS e do ENAPEGS 2020.
Authors: Leal Leonardo Prates , Corá Maria Amélia Jundurian 
Published: May 2020

<p dir="ltr"><span>Este trabalho tem o intuito de explorar como os efeitos da atual conjuntura sociopolítica e da pandemia do Covid-19 no Brasil estão impactando a Rede de Pesquisadores em Gestão Social (RGS) e a organização do Encontro Nacional de Pesquisadores em Gestão Social (ENAPEGS). Para tanto, utiliza-se como recurso analítico, os relatos sociopolíticos, as ações governamentais e a uma visão geral sobre a situação da pandemia do Covid-19. Os resultados são apresentados como um conjunto de considerações sobre como essas incertezas estão impactando a gestão social como um campo de pesquisa, como uma prática no contexto da RGS e como está impactando a organização do ENAPEGS. Acima de tudo, o trabalho apresenta algumas oportunidades que estão surgindo e reflete sobre como usá-las para consolidar o campo epistemológico e tecnológico da gestão social.</span></p><span id="docs-internal-guid-adbfa27e-7fff-d1d7-0937-e586f553cf2d"><br /><span>Palavras-chave:</span><span> </span></span>
A Questão Social Acrescida
Authors: Tenório Fernando Guilherme 
Published: May 2020

O objetivo do presente texto, ainda que de forma telegráfica, é perguntar se o problema contemporâneo está resumido ao combate do coronavírus, cientificamente denominado de COVID-19, ou se outras carências não estariam desde sempre fazendo parte das patogenias inaladas e/ou enfrentadas pelos brasileiros. Aqui defendemos a posição de que tais patogenias orgânicas ou inorgânicas fazem parte de uma só, a questão social que no coetâneo foi acrescida do COVID-19<div> </div>
Molecular testing on bronchial washings for the diagnosis and predictive assessment of lung cancer
Authors: Roncarati Roberta , Lupini Laura , Miotto Elena , Saccenti Elena , Mascetti Susanna , Morandi Luca , Bassi Cristian , Rasio Debora , Callegari Elisa , Conti Valentina , Rinaldi Rosa , Lanza Giovanni , Gafà Roberta , Papi Alberto , Frassoldati Antonio , Sabbioni Silvia , Ravenna Franco , Casoni Gian L. , Negrini Massimo 
Published: May 2020

Cytopathological analyses of bronchial washings (BWs) collected during fibre‐optic bronchoscopy are often inconclusive for lung cancer diagnosis. To address this issue, we assessed the suitability of conducting molecular analyses on BWs, with the aim to improve the diagnosis and outcome prediction of lung cancer. The methylation status of RASSF1A, CDH1, DLC1 and PRPH was analysed in BW samples from 91 lung cancer patients and 31 controls, using a novel two‐colour droplet digital methylation‐specific PCR (ddMSP) technique. Mutations in ALK, BRAF, EGFR, ERBB2, KRAS, MAP2K1, MET, NRAS, PIK3CA, ROS1 and TP53 and gene fusions of ALK, RET and ROS1 were also investigated, using next‐generation sequencing on 73 lung cancer patients and 14 tumour‐free individuals. Our four‐gene methylation panel had significant diagnostic power, with 97% sensitivity and 74% specificity (relative risk, 7.3; odds ratio, 6.1; 95% confidence interval, 12.7–127). In contrast, gene mutation analysis had a remarkable value for predictive, but not for diagnostic, purposes. Actionable mutations in EGFR, HER2 and ROS1 as well as in other cancer genes (KRAS, PIK3CA and TP53) were detected. Concordance with gene mutations uncovered in tumour biopsies was higher than 90%. In addition, bronchial‐washing analyses permitted complete patient coverage and the detection of additional actionable mutations. In conclusion, BWs are a useful material on which to perform molecular tests based on gene panels: aberrant gene methylation and mutation analyses could be performed as approaches accompanying current diagnostic and predictive assays during the initial workup phase. This study establishes the grounds for further prospective investigation.
Evaluation of the PTW microDiamond in edge‐on orientation for dosimetry in small fields
Authors: Brace Owen J. , Alhujaili Sultan F. , Paino Jason R. , Butler Duncan J. , Wilkinson Dean , Oborn Brad M. , Rosenfeld Anatoly B. , Lerch Michael L. F. , Petasecca Marco , Davis Jeremy A. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPurposeThe PTW microDiamond has an enhanced spatial resolution when operated in an edge‐on orientation but is not typically utilized in this orientation due to the specifications of the IAEA TRS‐483 code of practice for small field dosimetry. In this work the suitability of an edge‐on orientation and advantages over the recommended face‐on orientation will be presented.MethodsThe PTW microDiamond in both orientations was compared on a Varian TrueBeam linac for: machine output factor (OF), percentage depth dose (PDD), and beam profile measurements from 10 × 10 cm2 to a 0.5 × 0.5 cm2 field size for 6X and 6FFF beam energies in a water tank. A quantification of the stem effect was performed in edge‐on orientation along with tissue to phantom ratio (TPR) measurements. An extensive angular dependence study for the two orientations was also undertaken within two custom PMMA plastic cylindrical phantoms.ResultsThe OF of the PTW microDiamond in both orientations agrees within 1% down to the 2 × 2 cm2 field size. The edge‐on orientation overresponds in the build‐up region but provides improved penumbra and has a maximum observed stem effect of 1%. In the edge‐on orientation there is an angular independent response with a maximum of 2% variation down to a 2 × 2 cm2 field. The PTW microDiamond in edge‐on orientation for TPR measurements agreed to the CC01 ionization chamber within 1% for all field sizes.ConclusionsThe microDiamond was shown to be suitable for small field dosimetry when operated in edge‐on orientation. When edge‐on, a significantly reduced angular dependence is observed with no significant stem effect, making it a more versatile QA instrument for rotational delivery techniques.
Abiotic pulses and microbial activity lags in greenhouse gas emissions due to tillage
Authors: Duval Benjamin D. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractTillage affects atmosphere–soil greenhouse gas (GHG) flux by opening soil pore spaces releasing pockets of CO2, CH4, and N2O. Tillage may also stimulate microbes responsible for GHG biogenesis and consumption at longer time scales following a discrete tillage event. I measured soil gas flux immediately after three mechanically different tillage events (moldboard plow, rip‐plow, and disc‐till) over 2 mo within the same field. Delayed effects of tillage on soil respiration were measured; CH4 and N2O fluxes via laboratory incubations on soils were collected following tillage events compared to undisturbed soils. Moldboard plowing did not result in immediate pulses of GHG. Carbon dioxide emissions and CH4 influx to soil peaked 1 h post‐plow. Later rip‐plowing caused a more sustained pulse of CO2 and CH4 uptake over 2 h in the field. Disc‐tillage produced a CO2 production pulse‐then‐decline profile, but CH4 and N2O fluxes were highly variable after this event. Greenhouse gas flux from laboratory‐incubated alfalfa soil and fallow soil were similar to soil collected after rip‐plowing. Soils incubated after the last field tillage event produced significantly lower CO2 emissions during lab incubations compared with other undisturbed and plowed soil. These results show that instantaneous tillage effects are not uniform among GHGs, tillage alteration of soil respiration persists for months following a disturbance, and repeated tillage in the field changes microbial regulation of specific GHGs. Tillage has immediate impacts on GHG flux and has the potential for persistent effects on microbial activity that need further investigation as a GHG abatement tool.