bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Divorce on grounds of discord: Did the Moroccan family law reform bring the guarantee of divorce for women? An ethnographic perspective on the changing landscape of divorce. The Mudawwana a decade on
Authors: Nössing Elisabeth 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This article discusses the new divorce on grounds of discord procedure (taṭlīq li-š-šiqāq) within the context of the Moroccan family law reform of 2004. Literature available in English and French has, so far, focused primarily on the improvements the Moroccan family law reform has brought in regard to women’s rights. The reform is considered one of the most progressive legislative projects in the MENA region and a milestone for gender equality, notably the reform of divorce law. Divorce on grounds of discord was seen as the long-awaited divorce guarantee for women. However, legal scholars maintained that case law jeopardised the divorce guarantee. This legal-anthropological study is informed by fieldwork at the family court in Rabat, as well as official statistics, case law and the standard legal commentary. It aims to scrutinise how divorce on grounds of divorce is put into practice by the judiciary, how Moroccan men and women make use of it and how changes on a procedural and institutional level affect the implementation of the new divorce procedure. My empirical findings show that divorce on grounds of discord effectively guarantees Moroccan women’s right to divorce. Well beyond the discussion on women’s rights in divorce, I will demonstrate that, within a decade, divorce on grounds of discord developed into a standard divorce procedure for both men and women across socio-economical milieus and age groups.
DOE Application for Analysis of Tribological Properties of the Al2O3/IF-WS2 Surface Layers
Authors: Korzekwa Joanna , Fal Michał , Gądek-Moszczak Aneta 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The article presents the effect of the processing parameters on tribological properties of aluminum oxide coatings Al2O3 doped with fullerene-like tungsten disulfide (IF-WS2) by design of experiment (DOE). Anodic oxidation of aluminum alloy was carried out in a ternary solution of SAS (sulfuric, adipic and oxalic acids) with IF-WS2. The thickness, geometric structure of the surface (SGP) and the tribological properties such as friction coefficient of tribological pair: Al2O3/IF-WS2 with polieteroeteroketon filled with graphite, carbon fiber and PTFE (named PEEK/BG) were investigated. The influence of electrolysis time and temperature on the tribological properties of coatings was studied using 2
k
factorial design. The stabilization of the friction coefficient indicates generation of steady anti-wear and anti-seizure Al2O3/IF-WS2 oxide coatings. DOE suggest i.e. high positive correlation between oxide thickness and time and temperature of the anodizing process.
On the finiteness of solutions for polynomial-factorial Diophantine equations
Authors: Takeda Wataru 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We study the Diophantine equations obtained by equating a polynomial and the factorial function, and prove the finiteness of integer solutions under certain conditions. For example, we show that there exist only finitely many l such that

l
!

{l!}

is represented by

N
A

⁢

(
x
)

{N_{A}(x)}

, where

N
A

{N_{A}}

is a norm form constructed from the field norm of a field extension

K
/
𝐐

{K/\mathbf{Q}}

.
We also deal with the equation

N
A

⁢

(
x
)

=

l
!

S

{N_{A}(x)=l!_{S}}

, where

l
!

S

{l!_{S}}

is the Bhargava factorial. In this paper, we also show that the Oesterlé–Masser conjecture implies that for any infinite subset S of

𝐙

{\mathbf{Z}}

and for any polynomial

P
⁢

(
x
)

∈

𝐙
⁢

[
x
]

{P(x)\in\mathbf{Z}[x]}

of degree 2 or more the equation

P
⁢

(
x
)

=

l
!

S

{P(x)=l!_{S}}

has only finitely many solutions

(
x
,
l
)

{(x,l)}

. For some special infinite subsets S of

𝐙

{\mathbf{Z}}

, we can show the finiteness of solutions for the equation

P
⁢

(
x
)

=

l
!

S

{P(x)=l!_{S}}

unconditionally.
Features of terraces and the incision rate along the lower reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River east of Namche Barwa: Constraints on tectonic uplift
Authors: Xie Chao , Zhou Bengang , Li Zhengfang , Yang Fan , Pang Wei , Li Wei 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Along the lower reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River, scattered alluvium sections appear on T1 and T2 terraces. The alluvial deposits on the T1 terrace in Linduo and Ximogou and the T2 terrace in Guoguotang are composed principally of coarse-grained sand particles and rock fragments, with no observable fine-grained components. The T1 terrace alluvium section is dominated by clay and silt and occurs near the town of Dexing, and optically stimulated luminescence dating of sample from this site revealed an age of 18.2 kyear, which indicates that the incision rate of the Yarlung Zangbo River has been 4.7 mm/year since the formation of this section. On the basis of the component characteristics of terraces in Motuo County, the provenance for the terraces is probably related to the breaking of the palaeo-dammed lakes in the middle reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River. A 430 m elevation difference still exists between the study area and the local base level downstream of the Yalung Zangbo River (Assam Plain), although this river has a strong incision capability (4.7 mm/year), which suggests that tectonic uplift remains very intense east of the Namche Barwa syntaxis.
Border troubles. Some uncertainties of legal transfer
Authors: Messner Claudius 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIssues of production, translation and transformation of texts are explored in the light of the differences between modern Western legal thought and Chinese views of legal rationality. Contemporary Chinese culture is often viewed with suspicion. On the one hand, Chinese thinking is mistrusted as influenced by the Confucian world view regarded as deeply irrational. On the other hand, China’s economical practises are often suspected of mere reproducing and copying. This paper is concerned neither with alleged or factual deficiencies of China’s legal rationality nor with violations of “intellectual property” or other rights or the governmental policies of the People’s Republic of China. My interest is the fact that accusation and concern for the Chinese practises of creation and transformation by copying and cloning seem to hit the nerve of Western modernity’s cult of authenticity. The very problem, the paper suggests, is our modern relation to the other and to the others. I will argue this in three steps: the first part starts from a discussion of ‘shanzhai’, the Chinese neologism pointing to alternative ways of production, before analysing the Western scandalization of plagiarism; drawing upon studies from various disciplines, specific aspects of writing and scripture, such as the the differentiation between real text and fiction, the idea of authentic speaking and the distinction between textual and functional equivalents, are explored. The second part is first about the role of truth and truthfulness in modern Western art and philosophy, then about the interpenetration of wisdom and cunning in ancient Greek and Chinese thought. The final part addresses the relation of reasonable knowledge and instrumental rationality in legal thinking. The Chinese notion of ‘quan’, law, is described as a jurisgenetic path of law. Against this background, open questions associated with legal “transplants” come to the fore.
Linguistic norm in legal language and legislative language – The issue of codification
Authors: Andruszkiewicz Marta 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This article analyses the linguistic norms found within legal and legislative language and their implementation. It attempts to answer the following questions: is there a common scope for the use of linguistic norms in general language and legislative language, what can form the basis for resolving issues of correctness in legal and legislative language and is a codification of the linguistic norms for legislative language necessary? The discrepancies observed between normative standards and linguistic practise raise the issue of the need to codify linguistic norms within legal and legislative language. In this article, I hypothesise the need to elaborate a source for codifying the norms of legal and legislative language.
An educational intervention to promote civility in nursing: a pilot study
Authors: Murray Robin Elaine 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Nursing students are ill equipped to handle uncivil situations in the workplace. The purpose of this project was to determine if providing students with education about identifying and addressing incivility would alter how students perceived their ability to recognize and address uncivil situations when encountered.

Methods
This pre–post-test comparative pilot study used the Generalized Self Efficacy Scale along with The Confidence Scale to measure student self-efficacy and confidence before and after the receipt of educational interventions on recognizing and addressing uncivil behaviors.

Results
The statistical analysis reveals an increase in both self-efficacy and confidence scores in recognizing and addressing uncivil behaviors following the educational interventions (p=0.000, p<0.001, respectively).

Conclusions
Educating pre-licensure nursing students about incivility increases self-efficacy and confidence levels in pre-licensure nursing students to recognize and address uncivil behaviors when encountered.
Identity, Memory, and the Transitional Landscape: Public History in the Context of Transitional Justice
Authors: Hettiarachchi Radhika , Santhiago Ricardo 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This special issue explores the intersection between transitional justice and public history. It presents some of the key claims, concerns, and debates within the field. As a key component of the “reparations pillar” within the transitional justice milieu, critiques of the concept of memorialization as public history are reviewed from both academia and field examples. Particular attention is paid to current debates within the field on truth-telling, erasure, revisionism, and manipulation of historical narratives to legitimize emerging political ideologies in transitional settings. While previous edited special sections of the journal may have provided more rigorous theorizations of public history as a discipline, this issue focuses on a critical conceptual examination of where public history collides with reconciliation, reparation, peacebuilding, and justice issues. It includes contributions on the praxis of localized processes of memorialization, historical revisionism, personal and political experiences, and populist ideologies, in order to explore more clearly the use of public history in contexts currently identified with “transitional justice.”
Reproductive potential of the male (RPM): the computer database of phenotypic and molecular genetic data for Russian men with impaired and normal fertility
Authors: Bogomolov Anton , Osadchuk Alexander , Osadchuk Ludmila 
Published: December 2020

AbstractCurrently, a trend of decline in male fertility is observed all over the world. The study of this trend has not only of scientific, but also of socio-economic importance. Many countries conduct studies of male reproductive potential and search environmental and genetic causes of the mentioned phenomenon. Previously published studies have not included data on the Russian male population. This work presents novel database “Reproductive Potential of the Male population of Russia” (RPM), which is almost the only source of such information about Russia. RPM was created using relational database management system MariaDB and is available at www.sysbio.ru/rpm. The database includes reproductive information of 1390 male volunteers from five large cities of Russia: Arkhangelsk, Novosibirsk, Kemerovo, Ulan-Ude and Yakutsk. The important feature of the developed database is the unique data of a multifactorial measurement of male fertility: spermatogenic, hormonal, metabolic and anthropological indices. The scientists can use published information in their studies of male reproductive potential as data of some Russian regions and compare it with data from other countries. Also the published data can be used to identify markers of infertility and subfertility, as well as to study ethnic and regional trends in fertility variability and demographic risks in Russia.
Trends in abdominal obesity among Chinese children and adolescents, 1993–2015
Authors: Ma Shujing , Hou Dongqing , Zhang Yanqing , Yang Liu , Sun Jiahong , Zhao Min , Magnussen Costan G. , Xi Bo 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Objectives
The prevalence of general overweight and obesity defined by body mass index criteria has greatly increased in Chinese children and adolescents in recent decades. However, few studies have considered the trend in abdominal obesity in Chinese children and adolescents. This study aimed to examine the secular trends in waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and the prevalence of abdominal obesity among Chinese children and adolescents aged 6–17 years from 1993 to 2015.

Methods
A total of 11,985 children and adolescents aged 6–17 years participated in the China Health and Nutrition Survey, a continuous cross-sectional survey, conducted from 1993 to 2015. Abdominal obesity was defined as WC≥age- and sex-specific 90th percentile based on the reference from Chinese children and adolescents or WHtR≥0.50.

Results
After adjustment for age, sex and region, mean WC increased from 60.27 cm in 1993 to 64.31 cm in 2015 (p for trend <0.001), and mean WHtR increased from 0.430 to 0.434 (p for trend <0.05). The prevalence of abdominal obesity defined by WC reference increased from 5.0% in 1993 to 19.3% in 2015 and defined by WHtR reference increased from 6.4% in 1993 to 14.5% in 2015 (p for trend <0.001).

Conclusions
The prevalence of abdominal obesity among Chinese children and adolescents aged 6–17 years has increased between 1993 and 2015.
Extended growth charts for Indian children
Authors: Khadikar Vaman , Khadilkar Anuradha V. , Lohiya Nikhil N. , Karguppikar Madhura B. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Objectives
While growth charts depicting 7 percentile lines for height and weight are useful for healthcare workers and pediatricians, endocrinologists need indication-specific z score cutoffs to plan investigations and treatment. The current Indian charts do not offer lower percentile/z scores (−2.25, −2.5, and −3 z score) lines. Also, increasing prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity necessitates a quick screening of nutritional status without calculations while using the same growth chart. Our objectives were to produce extended and user-friendly growth charts for 0–18-year-old Indian children that depict −2.25, −2.5, and −3 z score height lines in addition to the standard 7 lines and to add a quick BMI assessment tool as an inset.

Methods
LMS values from IAP 2015 growth charts (5–18 years) and WHO 2006 MGRS charts (<5 years) were used to generate −2.25, −2.5, and −3 z score height lines (1.2, 0.6, and 0.1 percentiles, respectively) from 0–18 year for boys and girls. These newly generated lines were added to standard 7 (3, 10, 25, 50, 75, 90, 97) percentile lines for height charts. In addition, modified BMI quick screening tool was incorporated as an inset.

Results
The extended height charts (with 10 lines), standard (7 lines) weight charts, and quick BMI assessment tool are presented in a single unified chart for use by endocrinologists.

Conclusions
These charts will help in defining specific height z score cutoffs as well as screen for overweight and obesity without any calculations in Asian Indian children.
LncRNA ATXN8OS enhances tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer
Authors: Zhang Hongkai , Zhang Jianni , Dong Lining , Ma Rong 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Background
Tamoxifen (TAMR) resistance remains a massive obstacle for breast cancer (BC) management. The precise parts of long non-coding RNA ataxin 8 opposite strand (ATXN8OS) in BC TAMR resistance have not been defined.

Methods
The levels of ATXN8OS, vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP), and miR-16-5p were assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction or western blot. Colony formation and cell viability were analyzed by MTT and colony formation assays, respectively. Targeted interactions among miR-16-5p, ATXN8OS, and VASP were confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay. Animal studies were performed to observe the role of ATXN8OS in TAMR sensitivity in vivo.

Results
ATXN8OS expression was increased in BC tissues and cells. ATXN8OS depletion promoted BC cell sensitivity to TAMR. ATXN8OS sequestered miR-16-5p by directly binding to miR-16-5p. The promotional effect of ATXN8OS knockdown on BC cell TAMR sensitivity was mediated by miR-16-5p. VASP was a direct target of miR-16-5p, and miR-16-5p overexpression enhanced TAMR sensitivity by VASP. Moreover, ATXN8OS regulated VASP expression by acting as a miR-16-5p sponge. In addition, ATXN8OS knockdown augmented BC TAMR sensitivity in vivo.

Conclusion
ATXN8OS knockdown enhanced BC TAMR sensitivity partially through the miR-16-5p/VASP axis, highlighting a potential therapeutic target for improving the clinical benefits of TAMR treatment in BC patients.
Digital nanophotonics: the highway to the integration of subwavelength-scale photonics
Authors: Huang Jie , Ma Hansi , Chen Dingbo , Yuan Huan , Zhang Jinping , Li Zikang , Han Jingmin , Wu Jiagui , Yang Junbo 
Published: December 2020

AbstractNanophotonic devices with high densities are extremely attractive because they can potentially merge photonics and electronics at the nanoscale. However, traditional integrated photonic circuits are designed primarily by manually selecting parameters or employing semi-analytical models. Limited by the small parameter search space, the designed nanophotonic devices generally have a single function, and the footprints reach hundreds of microns. Recently, novel ultra-compact nanophotonic devices with digital structures were proposed. By applying inverse design algorithms, which can search the full parameter space, the proposed devices show extremely compact footprints of a few microns. The results from many groups imply that digital nanophotonics can achieve not only ultra-compact single-function devices but also miniaturized multi-function devices and complex functions such as artificial intelligence operations at the nanoscale. Furthermore, to balance the performance and fabrication tolerances of such devices, researchers have developed various solutions, such as adding regularization constraints to digital structures. We believe that with the rapid development of inverse design algorithms and continuous improvements to the nanofabrication process, digital nanophotonics will play a key role in promoting the performance of nanophotonic integration. In this review, we uncover the exciting developments and challenges in this field, analyse and explore potential solutions to these challenges and provide comments on future directions in this field.
Expedited circular dichroism prediction and engineering in two-dimensional diffractive chiral metamaterials leveraging a powerful model-agnostic data enhancement algorithm
Authors: Du Shiyin , You Jie , Zhang Jun , Tao Zilong , Hao Hao , Tang Yuhua , Zheng Xin , Jiang Tian 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
A model-agnostic data enhancement (MADE) algorithm is proposed to comprehensively investigate the circular dichroism (CD) properties in the higher-order diffracted patterns of two-dimensional (2D) chiral metamaterials possessing different parameters. A remarkable feature of MADE algorithm is that it leverages substantially less data from a target problem and some training data from another already solved topic to generate a domain adaptation dataset, which is then used for model training at no expense of abundant computational resources. Specifically, nine differently shaped 2D chiral metamaterials with different unit period and one special sample containing multiple chiral parameters are both studied utilizing the MADE algorithm where three machine learning models (i.e, artificial neural network, random forest regression, support vector regression) are applied. The conventional rigorous coupled wave analysis approach is adopted to capture CD responses of these metamaterials and then assist the training of MADE, while the additional training data are obtained from our previous work. Significant evaluations regarding optical chirality in 2D metamaterials possessing various shape, unit period, width, bridge length, and separation length are performed in a fast, accurate, and data-friendly manner. The MADE framework introduced in this work is extremely important for the large-scale, efficient design of 2D diffractive metamaterials and more advanced photonic devices.
First recorded bloom of Akashiwo sanguinea (Dinophyceae) from the Cochin backwaters, a tropical estuarine system along the South Eastern Arabian Sea
Authors: Sathish Twinkle , Thomas Lathika Cicily , Aishwarya  , Benny Niya , Padmakumar K.B. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Akashiwo sanguinea, a cosmopolitan red tide-forming dinoflagellate, is reported for the first time as a bloom from the Cochin estuary along the South Eastern Arabian Sea. Monthly sampling showed the continuous presence of A. sanguinea with occasional blooms. Blooms of A. sanguinea with the highest abundance of 2.8 × 105 cells l−1 were observed during the monsoon season (June 2019) with chlorophyll a of 17.2 mg m−3. The bloom period was characterized by higher concentrations of nitrate (26 μmol l−1) and phosphate (3.8 μmol l−1). Routine monitoring of the bloom region showed the survival of the Akashiwo sanguinea population in the temperature (26 to 30°C) and salinity (22 to 24 PSU) range indicating its eurythermal and euryhaline characteristics.
Stock Market Volatility and Terrorism: New Evidence from the Markov Switching Model
Authors: Aslam Faheem , Kang Hyoung-Goo , Mughal Khurrum Shahzad , Awan Tahir Mumtaz , Mohmand Yasir Tariq 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Terrorism in Pakistan poses a significant risk towards the lives of people by violent destruction and physical damage. In addition to human loss, such catastrophic activities also affect the financial markets. The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of terrorism on the volatility of the Pakistan stock market. The financial impact of 339 terrorist attacks for a period of 18 years (2000–2018) is estimated w.r.t. target type, days of the week, and surprise factor. Three important macroeconomic variables namely exchange rate, gold, and oil were also considered. The findings of the EGARCH (1, 1) model revealed that the terrorist attacks targeting the security forces and commercial facilities significantly increased the stock market volatility. The significant impact of terrorist attacks on Monday, Tuesday, and Thursday confirms the overreaction of investors to terrorist news. Furthermore, the results confirmed the negative linkage between the surprise factor and stock market returns. The findings of this study have significant implications for investors and policymakers.