bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Paternal metabolic and cardiovascular programming of their offspring: A systematic scoping review
Authors: Eberle Claudia , Kirchner Michaela F. , Herden Raphaela , Stichling Stefanie 
Published: December 2020

Background
There is lots of evidence that maternal peri-gestational metabolic, genomic and environmental conditions are closely linked to metabolic and cardiovascular outcomes in their offspring later in life. Moreover, there is also lotsof evidence that underlining mechanisms, such as molecular as well as epigenetic changes may alter the intrauterine environment leading to cardio-metabolic diseases in their offspring postnatal. But, there is also increasing evidence that cardio-metabolic diseases may be closely linked to their paternal metabolic risk factors, such as obesity, Type 2 Diabetes and other risk factors.

Objective
To analyse the evidence as well as specific risk factors of paternal trans-generational programming of cardio-metabolic diseases in their offspring.

Methods
Within a systematic scoping review, we performed a literature search in MEDLINE (PubMed) and EMBASE databases in August 2020 considering original research articles (2000–2020) that examined the impact of paternal programming on metabolic and cardiovascular offspring health. Epidemiological, clinical and experimental studies as well as human and animal model studies were included.

Results
From n = 3.199 citations, n = 66 eligible studies were included. We selected n = 45 epidemiological as well as clinical studies and n = 21 experimental studies. In brief, pre-conceptional paternal risk factors, such as obesity, own birth weight, high-fat and low-protein diet, undernutrition, diabetes mellitus, hyperglycaemia, advanced age, smoking as well as environmental chemical exposure affect clearly metabolic and cardiovascular health of their offspring later in life.

Conclusions
There is emerging evidence that paternal risk factors, such as paternal obesity, diabetes mellitus, nutritional habits, advanced age and exposure to environmental chemicals or cigarette smoke, are clearly associated with adverse effects in metabolic and cardiovascular health in their offspring. Compared to maternal programming, pre-conceptional paternal factors might also have also a substantial effect in the sense of trans-generational programming of their offspring and need further research.
Application of machine learning in the diagnosis of gastric cancer based on noninvasive characteristics
Authors: Zhu Shuang-Li , Dong Jie , Zhang Chenjing , Huang Yao-Bo , Pan Wensheng 
Published: December 2020

Background
The diagnosis of gastric cancer mainly relies on endoscopy, which is invasive and costly. The aim of this study is to develop a predictive model for the diagnosis of gastric cancer based on noninvasive characteristics.

Aims
To construct a predictive model for the diagnosis of gastric cancer with high accuracy based on noninvasive characteristics.

Methods
A retrospective study of 709 patients at Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital was conducted. Variables of age, gender, blood cell count, liver function, kidney function, blood lipids, tumor markers and pathological results were analyzed. We used gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT), a type of machine learning method, to construct a predictive model for the diagnosis of gastric cancer and evaluate the accuracy of the model.

Results
Of the 709 patients, 398 were diagnosed with gastric cancer; 311 were health people or diagnosed with benign gastric disease. Multivariate analysis showed that gender, age, neutrophil lymphocyte ratio, hemoglobin, albumin, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) and carbohydrate antigen 199 (CA199) were independent characteristics associated with gastric cancer. We constructed a predictive model using GBDT, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of the model was 91%. For the test dataset, sensitivity was 87.0% and specificity 84.1% at the optimal threshold value of 0.56. The overall accuracy was 83.0%. Positive and negative predictive values were 83.0% and 87.8%, respectively.

Conclusion
We construct a predictive model to diagnose gastric cancer with high sensitivity and specificity. The model is noninvasive and may reduce the medical cost.
Reevaluating the true diagnostic accuracy of dipstick tests to diagnose urinary tract infection using Bayesian latent class analysis
Authors: Bafna Prashant , Deepanjali Surendran , Mandal Jharna , Balamurugan Nathan , Swaminathan Rathinam P. , Kadhiravan Tamilarasu 
Published: December 2020

Objective
Previous studies on diagnostic accuracy of dipstick testing for leukocyte esterase (LE) and nitrite to diagnose urinary tract infection (UTI) had used urine culture, which is an imperfect gold standard. Estimates of diagnostic accuracy obtained using the classical gold standard framework might not reflect the true diagnostic accuracy of dipstick tests.

Methods
We used the dataset from a prospective, observational study conducted in the emergency department of a teaching hospital in southern India. Patients with a clinical suspicion of UTI underwent dipstick testing for LE and nitrite, urine microscopy, and urine culture. Based on the results of urine microscopy and culture, UTI was classified into definite, probable, and possible. Patients with microscopic pyuria and a positive urine culture were adjudicated as definite UTI. Unequivocal imaging evidence of emphysematous pyelonephritis or perinephric collections was also considered definite UTI. We estimated the diagnostic accuracy of LE and nitrite tests using the classical analysis (assuming definite UTI as gold standard) and two different Bayesian latent class models (LCMs; 3-tests in 1-population and 2-tests in 2-populations models).

Results
We studied 149 patients. Overall, 64 (43%) patients had definite, 76 (51%) had probable, and 2 (1.3%) had possible UTI; 7 (4.6%) had alternate diagnoses. In classical analysis, LE was more sensitive than nitrite (87.5% versus 70.5%), while nitrite was more specific (24% versus 58%). The 3-tests in 1-population Bayesian LCM indicated a substantially better sensitivity and specificity for LE (98.1% and 47.6%) and nitrite (88.2% and 97.7%). True sensitivity and specificity of urine culture as estimated by the model was 48.7% and 73.0%. Estimates of the 2-tests in 2-populations model were in agreement with the 3-tests in 1-population model.

Conclusions
Bayesian LCMs indicate a clinically important improvement in the true diagnostic accuracy of urine dipstick testing for LE and nitrite. Given this, a negative dipstick LE would rule-out UTI, while a positive dipstick nitrite would rule-in UTI in our study setting. True diagnostic accuracy of urine dipstick testing for UTI in various practice settings needs reevaluation using Bayesian LCMs.
Prevalence and determinants of the place of delivery among reproductive age women in sub–Saharan Africa
Authors: Adde Kenneth Setorwu , Dickson Kwamena Sekyi , Amu Hubert 
Published: December 2020

Introduction
Maternal mortality is an issue of global public health concern with over 300,000 women dying globally each year. In sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), these deaths mainly occur around childbirth and the first 24hours after delivery. The place of delivery is, therefore, important in reducing maternal deaths and accelerating progress towards attaining the 2030 sustainable development goals (SDGs) related to maternal health. In this study, we examined the prevalence and determinants of the place of delivery among reproductive age women in SSA.

Materials and methods
This was a cross-sectional study among women in their reproductive age using data from the most recent demographic and health surveys of 28 SSA countries. Frequency, percentage, chi-square, and logistic regression were used in analysing the data. All analyses were done using STATA.

Results
The overall prevalence of health facility delivery was 66%. This ranged from 23% in Chad to 94% in Gabon. More than half of the countries recorded a less than 70% prevalence of health facility delivery. The adjusted odds of health facility delivery were lowest in Chad. The probability of giving birth at a health facility also declined with increasing age but increased with the level of education and wealth status. Women from rural areas had a lower likelihood (AOR = 0.59, 95%CI = 0.57–0.61) of delivering at a health facility compared with urban women.

Conclusions
Our findings point to the inability of many SSA countries to meet the SDG targets concerning reductions in maternal mortality and improving the health of reproductive age women. The findings thus justify the need for peer learning among SSA countries for the adaption and integration into local contexts, of interventions that have proven to be successful in improving health facility delivery among reproductive age women.
Modus faciendi librum:
Authors: Mestre Navas Pablo Alberto , Álvarez Márquez María del Carmen 
Published: December 2020

Escritores, compiladores, copistas y traductores intervinieron de forma efectiva en la composición de manuscritos durante la Baja Edad Media, adivinándose una serie de cambios en los albores de la Edad Moderna. Este artículo trata de identificar y poner en valor a los diferentes autores y participantes en la elaboración de algunos manuscritos conservados en la Biblioteca Capitular y Colombina de Sevilla y en la Biblioteca Nacional de España, subrayando algunas de sus características formales y trazando una línea de la evolución que el libro experimentó en estas centurias.

Palabras clave
Manuscritos hispanos, Biblioteca Capitular y Colombina, Biblioteca Nacional de España Baja Edad Media, Edad Moderna
Estudo sobre o modelo de formação dos tradutores do Seminário de S. José de Macau
Authors: Zhang Minfen 
Published: December 2020

O Seminário de S. José de Macau, fundado pelos jesuítas em Macau, no ano de 1728, constituiu o principal centro de formação daqueles missionários que exerciam o seu mister no Extremo Oriente, nomeadamente na China. Como instituição de ensino superior, especializada na preparação de sacerdotes, o Seminário tinha como objetivo formar talentos multilingues proficientes na cultura sino-portuguesa. O seu bem organizado modelo de ensino permitiu a formação de um grande número de tradutores bilingues sino-portugueses, além de bastantes sinólogos macaenses.
O presente texto pretende analisar o bem-sucedido modelo de formação de traduores do Seminário de S. José de Macau no século XIX, nomeadamente a sua organização das disciplinas diversificadas, os modelos de ensino e de aprendizagem, bem como o sistema de avaliação. Será importante sintetizar as suas realizações no que diz respeito à preparação e formação dos talentos de tradução, como fonte de inspiração para o nosso atual ensino de tradução.
Posicionamento GNSS em Tempo Real: Evolução, Aplicações Práticas e Perspectivas para o Futuro
Authors: Krueger Claudia Pereira , Oliveira Junior Paulo Sérgio de , Garnés Silvio Jacks dos Anjos , Alves Daniele Barroca Marra , Euriques Jorge Felipe 
Published: December 2020

O posicionamento em tempo real por meio do emprego dos sinais de satélites foi um avanço nas navegações aérea, marítima e terrestre com o surgimento do GPS (Global Positioning System). Contudo as precisões horizontais e verticais de 100 m e 150 m (nível de probabilidade de 95%) alcançadas, estando a SA (Selective Availability) ativada, passaram a não ser satisfatórias para muitas aplicações e os usuários buscaram galgar outros níveis de precisões. Esforços foram investidos no chamado posicionamento diferencial DGPS (Differential GPS), o qual possibilitou obter precisões em torno de dez vezes melhores do que as do posicionamento absoluto. Posteriormente, usando-se a fase da onda portadora, conseguiu-se realizar posicionamento com maior acurácia por meio do método RTK (Real Time Kinematic), atingindo qualidade centimétrica. Na sequência, houve uma evolução para posicionamentos em rede, empregando, por exemplo, o algoritmo de VRS (Virtual Reference Station). Vários erros nas observáveis dos satélites passaram a ser modelados com uma solução de multiestações em tempo real. A partir de 2012, surgiram serviços e produtos que favoreceram o desenvolvimento do RT-PPP (Real-Time Precise Point Positioning) baseado no conceito SSR (State Space Representation). A busca da solução das ambiguidades no RT-PPP deu origem ao PPP-RTK com menor tempo de fixação das ambiguidades e convergência para a solução acurada do posicionamento. Neste artigo apresenta-se como foi a evolução do posicionamento em tempo real, algumas das aplicações no âmbito nacional e as perspectivas desta modalidade de posicionamento para o futuro.
Promising Cathode Material for Supercapacitors LaFe0.5Cr0.5O3 Perovskite Nanoparticles
Authors: Mokhnatskyi M.L. , Yaremiy I.P. , Kolkovskyi P.I. , Mokhnatska L.V. , Yaremiy S.I. , Kachmar A.I. , Cherkach Kh.P. 
Published: December 2020

In this work, the Perovskite powders LaFe0.5Cr0.5O3 with a space group of P m - 3 m was obtained by the sol-gel method. The nanoscale powders of LaFe0.5Cr0.5O3 have been tested as a cathode material for electrochemical supercapacitors. The CVA and charge-discharge curves were obtained at 0.5 mV/s to 16 mV/s and 0.5 mA/s to 16 mA/s scan rates accordingly. It is established that the cathode material LaFe0.5Cr0.5O3 demonstrates the specific capacity up to 16 F/g at a discharge scan rate 0.5 mV/s. Additionally, the maximum of the specific capacity was calculated and it is determined that C is 29.26 F/g, and the specific capacity of double electric layer CDEL is 3.44 F/g. It was determined that the contribution of the redox reactions in specific capacity is 88 %. The Nyquist plots and Mott-Schottky plots for LaFe0.5Cr0.5O3 were obtained. They consist of two parts that correspond to a different type of conductivity. Thus, it is established that LaFe0.5Cr0.5O3 shows different types of conductivity depending on the applied potential. The received values of ﬂat band potential are -1.00 V and 0.16 V for n-type and p-type of conductivity accordingly.
Ultrafine beta-FeOOH and Fe3O4 obtained by precipitation method: comparative study of electrical and electrochemical properties
Authors: Mokhnatska L.V. , Kotsyubynsky V.O. , Boichuk V.M. , Mokhnatskyi M.L. , Bandura Kh.V. , Kachmar A.I. , Hodlevska M.A. , Bachuk V.V. 
Published: December 2020

In this work, ultrafine powders of b-FeOOH and Fe3O4 have been obtained by the precipitation method. The values of the specific surface area for materials b-FeOOH and Fe3O4 are 101 and 135 m2/h. Frequency dependences of specific electrical conductivity have been obtained in the temperature range of 20-150 oC. It has been found that the materials show a superlinear dependence (SPL). In addition, the crossover energies from dc to JPL and from JPL to SPL have been calculated: Edc = 0.55eV, Ep1 = 0.51eB, Ep2 = 0.16eB and Edc = 0.22 eV, Ep1 = 0.21eB, Ep2 = 0.1 eB. Potentiodynamic studies have been performed at a scan rate from 1 mV/s to 50 mV/s. The b-FeOOH electrode material showed a specific capacitance value of 80 F/g at a scan rate of 1 mV/s, while the specific capacitance of the Fe3O4 material reached 32 F/g. Galvanostatic measurements have been done for discharge currents of 0.05 A/g, 0.1 A/g - 0.25 A/g. b-FeOOH sample is characterized by the maximum specific energy value of 8 W h/kg at the value of specific power equal to 20 W/kg, and Fe3O4 material is characterized by the maximum specific energy of about 3.5 W h/kg.
Study of the structural, electrokinetic and magnetic characteristics of the Er1-xZrxNiSb semiconductor
Authors: Romaka V.A. , Stadnyk Yu. , Romaka L. , Krayovskyy V. , Нoryn A. , Klyzub P. , Pashkevych V. 
Published: December 2020

Peculiarities of the structural, electrokinetic, energetic, and magnetic characteristics of Er1-xZrxNiSb semiconductive solid solution, х=0–0.10, were studied. It was suggested that when Zr (4d25s2) atoms were introduced into the structure of the ErNiSb half-Heusler phase by substitution of Er (5d06s2) atoms in 4a position, Zr atoms can also simultaneously occupy the 4c position of Ni (3d84s2) atoms. As a result, in Er1-xZrxNiSb semiconductor, the structural defects of donor nature in position 4a and ones of acceptor nature in position 4c were generated simultaneously. In this case, in the band gap of Er1-xZrxNiSb, the energy states of impurity donor and acceptor bands (donor-acceptor pairs) appear and determine the electrical conductivity mechanism of the semiconductor.
Physical Parameters of the Synthesized Complex Compound of Cobalt (II) with N, N'-Bis(salicylidene)semicarbazide
Authors: Osadchuk O.V. , Martyniuk V.V. , Sydoruk T.I. , Semenova O.O. 
Published: December 2020

A new material of strontium tetraaquad[N, N'-bis(salicylidene)semicarbazidatocobalt(II)] dihydrate (I) with the following composition: Sr[CoL'(Н2О)2]22Н2О, where H3L = N,N'-bis(salicylidene)semicarbazide was synthesized. The molar mass of the extracted and dehydrated complex compound Sr[Co (C15H14N3O5)]2 is 838.07 g/mol, and the number of valence electrons in one molecule is 256. A cylindrical sample with a mass of 0.09 g and a volume of 17.67∙10-9 m3 was utilized for experimental studies. Experimental measurements and theoretical calculations for the main physical parameters of the synthesized material were performed. Such quantities were calculated: the substance density, the molecule mass, the number of molecules in the test cylindrical sample, the number of valence electrons, the bandgap. Dependences of specific conductivity, current density, resistance, the Hall coefficient, and charge carrier concentration on temperature were obtained.
Perilaku Informasi Mahasiswa dan Hoaks di Media Sosial
Authors: Nurrahmi Febri , Syam Hamdani M. 
Published: December 2020

The rise of hoaxes circulating on social media makes students as active social media users vulnerable to distribute hoaxes. The study used the model of information behavior by Wilson (1996) to examine information behaviors of university students in combating hoaxes on social media. Using a qualitative method, data collection was conducted through focus groups discussions with 14 students of Syiah Kuala University. The results showed that the information behaviors performed by the university students were not adequate to combat hoaxes. The critical attitude by not easily trusting information on social media was not accompanied by sufficient will and abilities to verify information they received from social media. Information dissemination behavior without verification was also found in this study. The results of this study also indicated that passive attention and search were the most dominant information behaviors among students. The results also showed that low self-efficacy encourage students to be reluctant and difficult to conduct information searches for verification. This study suggested that the model of information behaviour by Wilson (1996) was relevant to discuss students’ information behavior to combat hoaxes on social media. These findings are important to develop a social media literacy model for university students to fight against hoaxes on social media. Maraknya hoaks yang beredar di media sosial menjadikan mahasiswa sebagai pengguna media sosial aktif rentan menjadi penyebar hoaks. Penelitian menggunakan model perilaku informasi oleh Wilson (1996) untuk melihat perilaku informasi mahasiswa dalam menghadapi hoaks di media sosial. Dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif, pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan focus groups discussion terhadap 14 orang mahasiswa Universitas Syiah Kuala. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perilaku informasi mahasiswa dalam menghadapi hoaks belum mumpuni. Sikap kritis dengan tidak mudah mempercayai informasi di media sosial, ternyata tidak disertai kemauan dan kemampuan verifikasi informasi yang memadai. Perilaku penyebaran informasi tanpa verifikasi juga masih ditemukan. Hasil studi ini juga mengindikasikan bahwa perilaku perhatian dan pencarian pasif adalah perilaku yang paling dominan di kalangan mahasiswa. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa self-efficacy yang rendah menyebabkan mahasiswa enggan dan sulit melakukan pencarian informasi untuk verifikasi. Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa model perilaku informasi oleh Wilson (1996) relevan untuk membahas perilaku informasi mahasiswa dalam menghadapi hoaks di media sosial. Hasil studi ini penting untuk mengembangkan model literasi media sosial di kalangan mahasiswa untuk menangkal hoaks.
Comparative analysis of cardioprotective effects of two renal denervation techniques
Authors: Ripp T. M. , Pekarskiy S. E. , Baev A. E. , Ryabova T. R. , Yaroslavskay E. I. , Falkovskaya A. Yu. , Sitkova E. S. , Lichikaki V. A. , Zubanova I. V. , Manukian M. A. , Gapon L. I. , Mordovin V. F. 
Published: December 2020

Aim. To compare cardioprotective effects of two renal denervation (RD) techniques: main renal artery or its branches after bifurcation in patients with resistant hypertension (RH).Materials and methods. This randomized double-blind clinical (ClinicalTrials. gov. identifier: NCT02667912) study with a follow-up of 12,3±1,6 months included 55 patients with RH, which was divided into 2 groups: group 1 (n=27) — main renal artery denervation; group 2 — RD of branches. Mean age of patients was 57,3±9,5 and 56,4±9,3 years, respectively. We assessed structural and functional cardiac characteristics using two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography (STE).Results. Initially, the patients in the groups did not differ in terms of studied parameters and therapy. After RD in both groups, the levels of myocardial stress significantly decreased; 95% confidence interval: after main renal artery denervation — systolic [-4802; -2896], diastolic [-3264; -2032] dyne/cm2; after RD of branches — [-6324; -5328] and [-4021; -2521] dyne/cm2, respectively (p=0,001 and 0,024, respectively). After main renal artery denervation, there was a decrease in the left ventricular (LV) wall thickness (interventricular septum [1,06; -0,62] and posterior wall [0,12; -0,62]) in comparison with RD of branches ([-0,68; -1,28] and [-0,68; -1,06], respectively). These differences were significant: p=0,023 and 0,021, respectively. After distal RD, decrease in the LV mass was observed more often by 21,2%, an increase in the LV mass was 2 times less frequent. Restoration of diastolic function was more common in patients after distal RD than main renal artery denervation (26% vs 13%, respectively). According to pilot analysis, STE parameters was also improved.Conclusion. Twelve months after distal RD, compared with the main renal artery denervation, the LV wall thickness, number of patients with LV hypertro -phy, and diastolic dysfunction decreased significantly greater. Two-dimensional STE revealed improvement of cardiac parameters. The results require further research.