bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knowledge, sexual behaviours and risk perception of sexually transmitted infections among students of the polytechnic, Ibadan, Oyo state
Authors: M Oharume Irikefe 
Published: October 2020

Background: Current evidence shows that the surge of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is of public health importance. In Nigeria, about 3 million cases of STIs are reported annually with the highest rates observed among young people.
Objective: This study was designed to investigate the knowledge, sexual behaviours and risk perception of STIs among students of the polytechnic, Ibadan.
Method: The study was a descriptive cross-sectional survey which involved the use of a four-stage sampling technique to select 401 students across the five faculties of the institution.
Results: Among the students interviewed, few (18.7%) had good knowledge of STIs with overall mean knowledge score of 5.9±3.6. Majority (65.3%) were sexually active in the last 12 months; while 26.7% had multiple sex partners in the last six months. Only 23.1% of single sexually active students used condom regularly. Few (14.2%) of the students considered themselves to be at risk of contracting STIs. However, there were significant associations between knowledge and risk perception of contracting STIs; and between having multiple sex partners and the risk perception of contracting STIs.
Conclusion: These results emphasise the need to provide students with more information about STIs with the aim of positively influencing their self-perceived risk and sexual behaviour.
Keywords: Knowledge; sexual behaviours; risk perception; STIs; polytechnic; Ibadan; Oyo state.
Awareness and uptake of human papilloma virus vaccines among female secondary school students in Benin City, Nigeria
Authors: Ezeanochie Michael , Olasimbo Peter 
Published: October 2020

Background: There is no Government endorsed HPV vaccine immunisation program in Nigeria. The Vaccine has been available at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital (UBTH) in Benin City for more than 7 years.
Objectives: The aim was to evaluate awareness about HPV, the prevalence of HPV immunisation and its associated factors among the study population.
Methods: A cross-sectional study using interviewer-administered questionnaires among 215 females attending secondary schools in Benin city, Nigeria. Participants were selected using multi-stage stratified sampling. The primary outcome measure was HPV immunisation of the girls.
Results: The majority of the participants were between 14 to 18 years (58.6%). Almost all the participants (>97%) had not heard of HPV, HPV Vaccines and Cervical cancer. In addition, 2 (0.9%) persons correctly identified that the virus can be transmitted sexually while only 1 person (0.5%) had received the HPV vaccine. The respondents all agreed that they needed to be enlightened about HPV, HPV vaccines and Cervical cancer. Majority (49.3%) of the girls suggested that this could be done through the mass media (49.3%) or their parents (32.1%).
Conclusion: HPV immunisation, knowledge of HPV vaccines and Cervical cancer among the study population was very low. We recommend interventions in Schools to increase knowledge about cervical cancer and HPV vaccines.
Keywords: Human papilloma virus; vaccines; cervical cancer; Nigeria.
Hydrocephalus and Dandy- Walker Malformation: a review
Authors: Dastoli Patricia Alessandra Dastoli , Nicácio Jardel Mendonça , Da Costa Marcos Devanir  Silva , Suriano Italo Capraro , Da Silva Marcia Cristina , Cavalheiro Sergio 
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Dandy Walker malformation (DWM) is characterized by agenesis or hypoplasia of the cerebellar vermis, cystic dilatation of the fourth ventricle leading to an increase of the posterior fossa and superior dislocation of the lateral sinus, tentorium and torcula. Although it is the commonest posterior fossa malformation, its pathogenesis is still not fully understood, making the differential diagnosis with other posterior fossa malformations difficult and as a result the choice of therapeutic strategy.
Material and methods: An extensive review of the literature relating to Dandy Walker malformation was performed. Historical, genetic, embryologic, epidemiologic, clinical and radiological presentation, treatment and prognosis were revised.
Conclusion: The correct diagnosis of Dandy Walker malformation can be made through careful interpretation of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow studies. The choice of hydrocephalus treatment depends on whether there is aqueduct stenosis. And, although ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunts have been the treatment of choice for many years, neuroendoscopic techniques such as endoscopic thirdventriculostomy and stent placement are being frequently performed lately.
The AEMET-&lt;i&gt;γ&lt;/i&gt;SREPS over the Antarctic Peninsula and the impact of kilometric-resolution EPS on logistic activities on the continent
Authors: Gonzalez Sergi , Callado Alfons , Martínez Mauricia , Elvira Benito 
Published: October 2020

Abstract. Kilometric-resolution Ensemble Prediction Systems (EPSs)
will be the new state-of-the-art forecasting tools for short-range
prediction in the following decade. Their value will be even greater in
Antarctica due to the increasingly demanding weather forecasts for logistic
services. During the 2018–2019 austral summer (1 December–31 March),
coinciding with the Southern Hemisphere Special Observation Period of the
Year of Polar Prediction (YOPP), the 2.5 km AEMET-γSREPS was
operationally integrated over the Antarctic Peninsula. In particular, the
Antarctic version of γSREPS comes up with crossing four
non-hydrostatic convection-permitting NWP models at 2.5 km with three global NWP driving models as boundary conditions. The γSREPS forecasting system has been validated in comparison with ECMWF EPS. It is concluded that γSREPS has an added value to ECMWF EPS due to both its higher resolution and its multi-boundary conditions and multi-NWP model approach. γSREPS performance has a positive impact on logistic activities at research stations and its design may contribute to polar prediction research.
Macroeconomic Policy Options for a Savings Constrained Economy: The Case of South Africa
Authors: Loewald Christopher , Faulkner David , Makrelov Konstantin 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The extensive diagnostic studies and policy recommendations that exist for South Africa typically focus on microeconomic constraints to growth. Higher potential growth certainly requires structural reforms to boost productivity growth. But these will also be more effective if macroeconomic policy no longer impedes the needed relative price adjustments and consequential factor allocations to achieve higher productivity. We assess the performance of macroeconomic policy over the last 10 years. Our conclusion is that a different policy mix could have generated higher growth outcomes and provided the fiscal space to respond to the current Covid-19 crisis more effectively. In the post–global financial crisis era, fiscal resources were wasted in trying to stimulate in the face of a structural decline in economic growth. Restoring South Africa’s growth requires a comprehensive change in economic policy to target fiscal consolidation, shift the composition of expenditure to investment and human capital creation and permanently embed lower inflation. Macroprudential policy should better support long-term private sector investment. And, the country urgently needs an ambitious and rapidly implemented structural reform agenda that targets higher productivity growth.
Dialectal variation in the expression of <i>que</i> in <i>sí-que</i> ‘yes that’ contexts across Spanish: The case of some Latin American Spanish varieties
Authors: Villa-García Julio , González Rodríguez Raquel 
Published: October 2020

This paper investigates dialectal microvariation across the Spanish-speaking world in terms of the presence/absence of que in sí-que contexts. The function of this construction is to signal the speaker’s commitment to the truth of the proposition. In this connection, we argue that the syntactic account recently proposed by Villa-García &amp; González Rodríguez (2020) for polarity-encoding sí ‘yes’ on the one hand and for sí-que ‘yes that’ sequences in Iberian Spanish on the other readily extends to a number of Latin American varieties where que in sí que is syntactically present albeit unpronounced (i.e., sí Ø/que), although it can be overt as well. We provide a variety of syntactic arguments together with Phonetic-Form- and Logical-Form-related arguments to this effect, and show that the dialectal split brought to light here is consonant with a view of (micro-)variation whereby Phonetic Form spellout plays a key role (Barbiers 2009; Rizzi 2013; Rizzi &amp; Bocci 2017; inter alia).
A IMPORTÂNCIA DO ESTUDO DAS IMPLICAÇÕES ENTRE A FORMAÇÃO DE VÍNCULOS INTERSUBJETIVOS E O DESENVOLVIMENTO DA AFETIVIDADE HUMANA: UMA PROPOSTA TEÓRICA
Authors: Viana Paulo Vinicius Bachette Alves , Furlan Reinaldo 
Published: October 2020

No âmbito da Psicologia do desenvolvimento, têm-se realizado pesquisas que buscam investigar os processos desenvolvimentais em suas dimensões cognitivas, sociais e biológicas em todo o ciclo da vida. Nesse contexto, este trabalho buscou evidenciar o papel destacado da afetividade como dimensão essencial no processo desenvolvimental do sujeito, já que esta parece se situar no cerne da vida social, conferindo significação e sentido para a existência. Com base em alguns marcadores em Bowlby e Wallon que situam a emergência do psíquico sobre a base biológica e o caráter relacional-afetivo desse processo, buscamos as implicações entre a formação de vínculos intersubjetivos e o desenvolvimento da afetividade humana, destacando as reflexões de Merleau-Ponty e Philippe Rochat sobre a Psicologia do desenvolvimento infantil.
Palavras-chave: Psicologia do desenvolvimento infantil. Afetividade. Vínculos. Intersubjetividade.
UM ESTUDO DE INSPIRAÇÃO FENOMENOLÓGICO-HERMENÊUTICO SOBRE A INFERTILIDADE MASCULINA
Authors: Maux Ana Andréa Barbosa , Dutra Elza 
Published: October 2020

Culturalmente, procriar é entendido como uma situação que homens e mulheres vivenciarão ao longo da vida. Para o homem, a infertilidade está estreitamente relacionada com perda de masculinidade, com fracasso em seu papel de macho. Este estudo objetivou compreender os impactos que a infertilidade produz na existência de sete homens heterossexuais inférteis. A análise do material partiu da interpretação hermenêutica, tendo como referência teórico-metodológica a analítica da existência, do filósofo Martin Heidegger. Ao final, o estudo enseja reflexões sobre a necessidade de mudanças na formação de base dos meninos, além de espaços de acolhimento aos homens e a suas expressões de sofrimento, bem como o reconhecimento em sua capacidade de superação das situações dolorosas, sem lhes retirar a masculinidade.
Palavras-chave: Infertilidade masculina. Gênero. Pesquisa fenomenológica. Martin Heidegger.
CONSUMISMO PRECOCE E MÍDIA: DISCURSOS PUBLICITÁRIOS DE UM CANAL TELEVISIVO INFANTIL
Authors: Daher Camila Marques Silva , Aquino Giselle Braga de 
Published: October 2020

A sociedade contemporânea é marcada pelo consumo e, nessa organização, a criança tem seu lugar de consumidora reservado pela mídia, principalmente a televisiva. A tevê é algo bastante presente na vida das crianças e um importante divulgador de publicidade infantil. Este trabalho identificou os discursos usados pela publicidade de um canal televisivo infantil na tentativa de persuadir a criança e seus cuidadores. Para a realização da pesquisa, foram gravadas e transcritas as peças publicitárias desse canal, e os textos resultantes da transcrição foram submetidos à análise do discurso. Para análise e discussão, o material foi organizado em duas categorias: “felicidade e status por meio do consumo” e “reprodução de papéis de gênero”. Os principais resultados apontaram que os discursos apresentaram os produtos como fórmula para a felicidade e o reforço aos papéis de gênero socialmente construídos pela estratégia de exposição de seus produtos.
Palavras-chave: Consumismo. Infância. Publicidade.
POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS E DIREITOS HUMANOS POR IDOSOS EM SERVIÇO DE CONVIVÊNCIA
Authors: Catão Fátima Fernandes , Rocha Kátia Karolina Rodrigues 
Published: October 2020

No contexto de desiguladade que se objetiva no cotidiano vivido no Brasil, tem-se por objetivo neste estudo refletir sobre os significados dos direitos humanos e políticas públicas, elaborados por idosos que vivenciam essa realidade. Participaram desse estudo 31 idosos entre 65 a 89 anos de idade, em atendimento nos Serviços de Convivência e Fortalecimento de Vínculos para Idosos – SCFVI. Foram aplicados questionários sociodemográficos e entrevistas semiestruturadas. Utilizou-se análise de conteúdo temática à luz do referencial da psicologia sócio-histórica. Os significados de direitos humanos e politicas públicas configuraram-se entre “A responsabilidade é do governo e dos representantes” com 34,3% das falas, “Ausência de direitos que alcancem a todos” com 31,9% e “Conhecimento/desconhecimento de políticas públicas” com 33,8%. Concluiu-se que os idosos elaboram significados objetivados na necessidade de um olhar mais implicado da sociedade e das instituições para com o idoso, a humanização do vivido e o empoderamento na velhice.
Palavras-chave: idosos, direitos humanos, políticas públicas, desigualdade psicossocial, psicologia sócio-histórica
Considerações sobre o uso de polígonos de amostragem em classificações supervisionadas de imagens de satélite
Authors: FITZ PAULO ROBERTO 
Published: October 2020

A dinâmica do espaço geográfico ou natural pode ser estudada através de diferentes métodos e técnicas. Uma das maneiras diz respeito ao uso das técnicas de sensoriamento remoto para a geração de mapas temáticos a partir da classificação de imagens de satélite. Em geral, são utilizadas classificações supervisionadas, uma vez que a acurácia destas vai depender da percepção e experiência do usuário, desde que obedecidas algumas regras básicas. A preocupação deste estudo recaía na definição da quantidade de amostras referentes à área trabalhada para sua classificação. A amostragem dada pelas áreas de treinamento deveria relacionar-se à assinatura espectral relativa às mesmas, ou seja, às porções previamente escolhidas como modelos para a obtenção das classes de uso do solo, ou de cobertura da terra. A ideia era a de confrontar os resultados obtidos nesta amostragem, que contemplava cerca de 2% da área utilizada em procedimento anterior, com os daquela simulação. A hipótese presumia que deveria haver uma tendência de estabilização nos dados, de acordo com o incremento de áreas de treinamento dadas por polígonos de amostragem, inferior à indicada pela experimentação anterior. As simulações realizadas, entretanto, não confirmaram a hipótese apresentada, e os resultados obtidos indicaram um equilíbrio bastante próximo daquele encontrado em uma área bem maior.
Mapa de capacidade e potencial do uso da terra do município de Catalão (GO)
Authors: Silva Antonio Santiago da , Rosa Roberto 
Published: October 2020

O estudo tem como objetivo produzir um mapa de uso potencial das terras no município de Catalão (GO). A organização e a análise dos dados extraídos dos mapas temáticos, as informações coletadas em campo e as fontes documentais auxiliaram na produção e na proposição de um mapa de uso potencial da terra do município, conforme suas características físico-naturais. Deste modo, utilizou-se nos procedimentos operacionais, a metodologia para as pesquisas geográficas, em quatro níveis (ou etapas): o compilatório, o correlatório, o semântico e o normativo. Foram usados para a realização desse trabalho cartas imagem 1:100.000 do IBGE e imagens OLI/Landsat8, ALOS PALSAR, dentre outros. No software QGIS e nos módulos de algoritmos nele presentes, foram elaborados mapas de declividade, de hipsometria, de capacidade de uso da terra e de seu uso potencial. As terras classificadas no mapa de capacidade de uso das terras mostraram que as classes I, II e III, equivalente a 69,85% da área da pesquisa estão aptas para a agricultura desde que resguardadas as de áreas de preservação permanente. As terras de classe IV representam 3,64% do total de área e têm limitações que são ainda mais severas para cultivos. Já as terras classe VI, com 13,12% da área, são recomendadas para pastagens e reflorestamento. As de classe VII são indicadas para reflorestamentos, contando com 2,83% do total da área. As terras da classe VIII são indicadas para a fauna e flora, totalizando 5,34%. Por fim, o mapa de uso potencial das terras elaborado considerou as potencialidades dos recursos naturais, as fragilidades dos sistemas ambientais naturais e a recuperação dos ambientes degradados. As classes de uso potencial das terras no município de Catalão mostram que do total das terras recomendadas, 40,69% são para a agricultura, 11,84% para pastagens, 3,32% para reflorestamento e 38,33% para preservação.
Vicenç Beltran, Irene Capdevila & Tomàs Martínez, «Ramon Llull, els trobadors i la cultura del segle XIII», Florència, Edizioni del Galluzzo per la Fondazione Ezio Franceschini, 2018, 269 p.
Authors: Saiz Raimundo Maria 
Published: October 2020

Ressenya sobre el llibre de Vicenç Beltran, Irene Capdevila &Tomàs Martínez, Ramon Llull, els trobadors i la cultura del segle xiii, Florència, Edizioni del Galluzzo per la Fondazione Ezio Franceschini, 2018, 269 p., ISBN: 978-88-8450-855-3.
Levels of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor in patients with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Naegelin Yvonne , Saeuberli Katharina , Schaedelin Sabine , Dingsdale Hayley , Magon Stefano , Baranzini Sergio , Amann Michael , Parmar Katrin , Tsagkas Charidimos , Calabrese Pasquale , Penner Iris Katharina , Kappos Ludwig , Barde Yves‐Alain 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the levels of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the serum of patients suffering from multiple sclerosis (MS) to evaluate the potential of serum BDNF as a biomarker for MS.MethodsUsing a recently validated enzyme‐linked immunoassay (ELISA) we measured BDNF in patients with MS (pwMS), diagnosed according to the 2001 McDonald criteria and aged between 18 and 70 years, participating in a long‐term cohort study with annual clinical visits, including blood sampling, neuropsychological testing, and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The results were compared with an age‐ and sex‐matched cohort of healthy controls (HC). Correlations between BDNF levels and a range of clinical and magnetic resonance imaging variables were assessed using an adjusted linear model.ResultsIn total, 259 pwMS and 259 HC were included, with a mean age of 44.42 ± 11.06 and 44.31 ± 11.26 years respectively. Eleven had a clinically isolated syndrome (CIS), 178 relapsing remitting MS (RRMS), 56 secondary progressive MS (SPMS), and 14 primary progressive MS (PPMS). Compared with controls, mean BDNF levels were lower by 8 % (p˂0.001) in pwMS. The level of BDNF in patients with SPMS was lower than in RRMS (p = 0.004).InterpretationWe conclude that while the use of comparatively large cohorts enables the detection of a significant difference in BDNF levels between pwMS and HC, the difference is small and unlikely to usefully inform decision‐making processes at an individual patient level.
Limpet Tooth‐Inspired Painless Microneedles Fabricated by Magnetic Field‐Assisted 3D Printing
Authors: Li Xiangjia , Shan Weitong , Yang Yang , Joralmon Dylan , Zhu Yizhen , Chen Yiyu , Yuan Yuan , Xu Han , Rong Jiahui , Dai Rui , Nian Qiong , Chai Yang , Chen Yong 
Published: October 2020

AbstractMicroneedle arrays show many advantages in drug delivery applications due to their convenience and reduced risk of infection. Compared to other microscale manufacturing methods, 3D printing easily overcomes challenges in the fabrication of microneedles with complex geometric shapes and multifunctional performance. However, due to material characteristics and limitations on printing capability, there are still bottlenecks to overcome for 3D printed microneedles to achieve the mechanical performance needed for various clinical applications. The hierarchical structures in limpet teeth, which are extraordinarily strong, result from aligned fibers of mineralized tissue and protein‐based polymer reinforced frameworks. These structures provide design inspiration for mechanically reinforced biomedical microneedles. Here, a bioinspired microneedle array is fabricated using magnetic field‐assisted 3D printing (MF‐3DP). Micro‐bundles of aligned iron oxide nanoparticles (aIOs) are encapsulated by polymer matrix during the printing process. A bioinspired 3D‐printed painless microneedle array is fabricated, and suitability of this microneedle patch for drug delivery during long‐term wear is demonstrated. The results reported here provide insights into how the geometrical morphology of microneedles can be optimized for the painless drug delivery in clinical trials.
Transition Metal Dichalcogenides for Sensing and Oncotherapy: Status, Challenges, and Perspective
Authors: Wang Lude , Xu Duo , Jiang Lianfu , Gao Jie , Tang Zhongmin , Xu Yunjie , Chen Xiang , Zhang Han 
Published: October 2020

AbstractTransition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) are increasingly being used for chemical sensing, biosensing, and tumor therapy on account of their diversity, biocompatibility, multifunctionality, adjustable bandgap, and excellent photoelectric characteristics. This review mainly discusses the effect of the elemental composition and structure of TMDCs on the performance of electrochemical, biofluorescence, and colorimetric biosensors. The applications of TMDCs in tumor therapies are reviewed here. Furthermore, the current challenges and future directions for developing TMDC‐based theranostics are summarized.
Pulmonary Targeting Crosslinked Cyclodextrin Metal–Organic Frameworks for Lung Cancer Therapy
Authors: He Yaping , Xiong Ting , He Siyu , Sun Hongyu , Huang Chenxi , Ren Xiaohong , Wu Li , Patterson Laurence H. , Zhang Jiwen 
Published: October 2020

AbstractLung cancer is a serious threat to human health with the highest morbidity and mortality; metastatic lung cancer accounts for a majority of cancer‐related deaths. Hence, there is considerable interest in developing efficient lung‐targeted drug delivery systems to improve overall survival and quality of life of lung cancer patients. Based on the lung‐targeting characteristics of cubic crosslinked cyclodextrin metal–organic framework (CDF) nanoparticles, this study shows the synthesis of a nanoplatform using RGD‐functionalized CDF to co‐deliver low‐molecular‐weight heparin (LMWH) and doxorubicin (DOX) for treatment of lung cancer. Rational design of the DOX‐loaded RGD‐CDF‐LMWH nanoplatform (RCLD) is carried out. RCLD nanoparticles are efficiently targeted to lung tumors following intravenous administration; RCLD accumulation in the lung is 5.8 times greater than that in the liver. Moreover, RCLD inhibits migration and invasion of cancer cells in vitro and significantly diminishes lung tumor nodule count and area of spread in human A549 and murine B16F10 lung cancer models in vivo. Furthermore, RCLD does not show serum enzyme or histopathologic indicators of tissue damage or adverse hematologic effects. Therefore, the multiple antitumor activities of this novel RCLD nanoplatform, alongside its safety profile for normal tissues, strongly support its use for targeted treatment of lung cancer.