bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plasma and pericardial fluid natriuretic peptide levels in postinfarction ventricular dysfunction
Authors: Klemola Rauli , Tikkanen Ilkka , Vuolteenaho Olli , Toivonen Lauri , Laine Mika 
Published: July 2002

AbstractAims:In the present study we examined plasma and pericardial fluid ANP and BNP concentrations in postinfarction ventricular dysfunction. The association of peptide levels to left ventricular (LV) dysfunction and to the localization of the myocardial infarction (MI) was studied.Methods and results:Plasma and pericardial fluid samples were obtained from 37 patients undergoing coronary bypass surgery. According to the ECG and preceding coronary angiography, the patients were divided into three groups: previous anterior myocardial infarction (MI) (n = 12), previous inferior/posterior MI (n = 15) and no history of MI (n = 10). When compared to the control group with no MI, the patients with anterior MI had elevated plasma ANP and BNP (134 ± 13 vs. 81 ± 15 pg/ml, P < 0.01 and 95 ± 10 pg/ml vs. 26 ± 8 pg/ml, P < 0.01, respectively) and pericardial fluid BNP (473 ± 60 pg/ml vs. 57 ± 8 pg/ml, P < 0.001) levels. The plasma natriuretic peptide concentrations were not increased in the patients with inferior/posterior MI, but the pericardial fluid BNP concentrations were greater than in the patients with no history of MI (129 ± 35 pg/ml vs. 57 ± 8 pg/ml, P < 0.05). Six of the 12 patients with previous anterior MI had LVEF ≥ 45%. Despite their normal LV systolic function, these patients had increased plasma and pericardial fluid BNP levels when compared to the group with no history of MI (68 ± 18 pg/ml vs. 26 ± 8 pg/ml, P < 0.05 and 534 ± 258 pg/ml vs. 57 ± 8 pg/ml, P < 0.01, respectively).Conclusions:Previous anterior myocardial infarction was associated with increased cardiac BNP production even if the LV systolic function was normal (LVEF ≥ 45%). The high pericardial fluid BNP concentrations in postinfarction patients suggest that the BNP synthesis and release are augmented in the ventricular myocardium independent from the LVEF.
Comparison of asymptotic population growth rates with heterogeneous variances
Authors: Arrontes Julio 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis report explores how the heterogeneity of variances affects randomization tests used to evaluate differences in the asymptotic population growth rate, λ. The probability of Type I error was calculated in four scenarios for populations with identical λ but different variance of λ: (1) Populations have different projection matrices: the same λ may be obtained from different sets of vital rates, which gives room for different variances of λ. (2) Populations have identical projection matrices but reproductive schemes differ and fecundity in one of the populations has a larger associated variance. The two other scenarios evaluate a sampling artifact as responsible for heterogeneity of variances. The same population is sampled twice, (3) with the same sampling design, or (4) with different sampling effort for different stages. Randomization tests were done with increasing differences in sample size between the two populations. This implies additional differences in the variance of λ. The probability of Type I error keeps at the nominal significance level (α = .05) in Scenario 3 and with identical sample sizes in the others. Tests were too liberal, or conservative, under a combination of variance heterogeneity and different sample sizes. Increased differences in sample size exacerbated the difference between observed Type I error and the nominal significance level. Type I error increases or decreases depending on which population has a larger sample size, the population with the smallest or the largest variance. However, by their own, sample size is not responsible for changes in Type I errors.
Cardiolipin deficiency in Barth syndrome is not associated with increased superoxide/H2O2 production in heart and skeletal muscle mitochondria
Authors: Goncalves Renata L. S. , Schlame Michael , Bartelt Alexander , Brand Martin D. , Hotamışlıgil Gökhan S. 
Published: October 2020

Barth syndrome (BTHS) is a rare X‐linked genetic disorder caused by mutations in the gene encoding the transacylase tafazzin and characterized by loss of cardiolipin and severe cardiomyopathy. Mitochondrial oxidants have been implicated in the cardiomyopathy in BTHS. Eleven mitochondrial sites produce superoxide/hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) at significant rates. Which of these sites generate oxidants at excessive rates in BTHS is unknown. Here, we measured the maximum capacity of superoxide/H2O2 production from each site and the ex vivo rate of superoxide/H2O2 production in the heart and skeletal muscle mitochondria of the tafazzin knockdown mice (tazkd) from 3 to 12 months of age. Despite reduced oxidative capacity, superoxide/H2O2 production was indistinguishable between tazkd mice and wild‐type littermates. These observations raise questions about the involvement of mitochondrial oxidants in BTHS pathology.
Ultrahighly Efficient White Quantum Dot Light‐Emitting Diodes Operating at Low Voltage
Authors: Zhu Yangbin , Xu Rui , Zhou Yuangui , Xu Zhongwei , Liu Yang , Tian Fengqing , Zheng Xiaojing , Ma Fumin , Alsharafi Rashed , Hu Hailong , Guo Tailiang , Kim Tae Whan , Li Fushan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAchieving efficient white quantum dot light‐emitting diodes (WQLEDs) is highly desired because of their promising applications in general illumination and display backlight systems. Herein, a highly efficient WQLED with an extremely low input voltage is reported, which is fabricated via an all‐solution process by using an emitting layer with a mixture of red‐, blue‐, and green‐emitting quantum dots. When a facile strategy of light outcoupling with an optical lens is introduced, the device shows a maximum external quantum efficiency of 28.4%, which is the highest value reported so far. Moreover, the device exhibits a standard white emission with International Commission on Illumination (CIE) coordinates of (0.36, 0.34) at an extremely low input voltage of 3.2 V. This work provides a promising way for achieving high‐performance white quantum‐dot light‐emitting diodes with low driving voltage.
Ag‐Catalyzed Cyclization of Arylboronic Acids with Elemental Selenium for the Synthesis of Selenaheterocycles
Authors: Zhang Xue , Huang Xiao‐Bo , Gao Wen‐Xia , Zhou Yun‐Bing , Liu Miao‐Chang , Wu Hua‐Yue 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA general method for the synthesis of five‐membered and six‐membered selenaheterocycles through Ag‐catalyzed C−Se bond‐forming reaction is reported. This reaction proceeds via intramolecular cyclization of arylboronic acids with selenium powder. Preliminary mechanism studies demonstrate that this transformation involves a selenium‐centred radical intermediate.magnified image
Adenoviral Mediated Delivery of OSKM Factors Induces Partial Reprogramming of Mouse Cardiac Cells In Vivo
Authors: Kisby Thomas , de Lázaro Irene , Fisch Sudeshna , Cartwright Elizabeth J. , Cossu Giulio , Kostarelos Kostas 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe induction of in vivo reprogramming toward pluripotency has been demonstrated in several tissues utilizing either transgenic inducible mice or gene delivery approaches. However, the effects of exogenous reprogramming factor expression in the mammalian heart have not been previously reported. The present study aims to investigate the response of cardiac cells to ectopic Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4, and cMyc (OSKM) expression in vivo using a non‐integrating adenoviral vector. Direct intramyocardial injection of this vector achieves effective and transient OSKM overexpression in the healthy heart and after myocardial infarction. The expression of these factors induces transient upregulation of a number of endogenous pluripotency (endo‐Oct3/4, Gdf3) and reprogramming related (Cdh1, Fut4) genes, confirming the induction of cell reprogramming. Despite the initiation of reprogramming, markers of fully de‐differentiated cells including Nanog remain silenced, consistent with a partially reprogrammed state. Furthermore, no indications of tumorigenesis or teratoma formation are observed. Overall, these data suggest that adenoviral mediated OSKM delivery can be utilized to induce partial in vivo reprogramming. However, the absence of any clear regenerative effects after myocardial infarction indicates that further optimization of vector mediated reprogramming strategies is essential to overcome barriers to therapeutic efficacy.
Energy intake and expenditure in children and adolescents, contributions of biological maturity
Authors: Silva Ana L. , Teles Júlia , Olivares Luís F. , Fragoso Isabel 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to examine the relationship between the ratio of energy intake (EI) and energy expenditure (EE) and body composition, physical activity and macronutrients intake, considering maturity as a moderator.MethodsThe study involved 459 adolescents aged 10 to 17. Energy and macronutrients intake were estimated using a valid Food Frequency Questionnaire; basal metabolic rate (BMR) was predicted from Schofield equations and EE was estimated using BMR and physical activity level obtained through a Portuguese validated biosocial questionnaire.Body mass index, body composition, and bone age were objectively measured. Statistical analyses included independent samples t‐tests, ANCOVA and Pearson correlations. All analyses were adjusted for chronological age, sex, and EI.ResultsBody mass index, fat and fat‐free mass, physical activity and protein intake were negatively correlated with EI/EE (P < .001). The study showed significant interactions between maturity and body mass index, fat‐free mass and physical activity level. Maturity attenuated the negative relationships between EI/EE and body mass index, fat‐free mass and physical activity, especially among early maturers. All categories of maturity showed implications in body mass index for values lower than 23.8 kg/m2. A significant EI/EE reduction was observed among late maturers with a fat‐free mass above 39.8 kg.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that maturity moderates the relationship between EI/EE and body mass index, fat‐free mass and physical activity, especially evident among late maturers.
Indigenous Data Sovereignty in the Era of Big Data and Open Data
Authors: Walter Maggie , Lovett Raymond , Maher Bobby , Williamson Bhiamie , Prehn Jacob , Bodkin‐Andrews Gawaian , Lee Vanessa 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIndigenous Data Sovereignty, in its proclamation of the right of Indigenous peoples to govern the collection, ownership, and application of data, recognises data as a cultural and economic asset. The impact of data is magnified by the emergence of Big Data and the associated impetus to open publicly held data (Open Data). Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, families and communities, heavily overrepresented in social disadvantage–related data will also be overrepresented in the application of these new technologies, but in a data landscape, Indigenous peoples remain largely alienated from the use of data and its utilization within the channels of policy power. Existing data infrastructure, and the emerging Open Data infrastructure, neither recognise Indigenous agency and worldviews nor consider Indigenous data needs. This is demonstrated in the absence of any consideration of Indigenous data issues in Open Data discussions and publication. Thus, while the potential benefits of this data revolution are trumpeted, our marginalised social, cultural and political location suggests we will not share equally in these benefits. This paper discusses the unforeseen (and likely unseen) consequences of the influence of Open Data and Big Data and discusses how Indigenous Data Sovereignty can mediate risks while providing pathways to collective benefits.
Efficient Conversion of Glycerol into High Value‐Added Chemicals by Partial Oxidation
Authors: Chida Tsutomu , Hiromori Kousuke , Shibasaki‐Kitakawa Naomi , Mimura Naoki , Yamaguchi Aritomo , Takahashi Atsushi 
Published: October 2020

AbstractGlycerol can be effectively converted to glyceric acid, a high value‐added pharmaceutical raw material, through its partial oxidation over an Au/Al2O3 catalyst under strongly basic conditions. The factors important for the highly selective production of glyceric acid were investigated experimentally. It was clarified that NaOH was involved in the glycerol activation step to a glycerol alkoxide intermediate (2, 3‐dihydroxypropoxide) in the liquid phase, then glyceric acid was formed by OOH species derived from O2 on an Au catalyst in the partial oxidation step. We have newly discovered the concerted effect of NaOH and O2 in different reaction steps.
Guidelines in Practice: Sharps Safety
Authors: Link Terri 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACTPerioperative personnel are at risk for sharps injuries when using devices with sharp points and edges and therefore are at risk for infection from exposure to blood and other potentially infectious body fluids. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration bloodborne pathogens standard is the regulatory document that health care employers must follow to protect personnel who are at risk for sharps injuries. The AORN “Guideline for sharps safety” provides guidance to perioperative personnel for identifying sharps hazards and implementing best practices to prevent injuries. This article discusses the guideline recommendations for developing and implementing work practice controls and administrative controls for handling sharps. A scenario describes an interdisciplinary team's efforts to decrease specific sharps injuries and develop policies and procedures based on the identified risks and practice changes. Perioperative RNs should review the entire guideline for additional information when creating and updating policies and procedures for sharps safety.
Synthesis of a green reactive flame‐retardant polyether polyol and its application
Authors: Li Xue , Yu Zaiqian , Zhang Long 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe low‐flame retardancy properties of pure rigid polyurethane (PU) foams hindered its practical application in many cases for the safety and environmental concern. Although rigid PU foams with flame retardants can achieve standard of fire resistance, addition of flame retardants in PU can worsen its mechanical properties, enlarge production cost, and induce safety problems. Therefore, green reactive flame‐retardant polyether polyols (GPP) have been considered as one of the best solutions. In this work, the GPP by the ring‐opening polymerization of the self‐made environmentally friendly melamine resin (EFMR) with propylene oxide are synthesized with their hydroxyl number of 390 ~ 420 mg KOH/g, and the structure of GPP product was identified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance. The flame‐retardant rigid polyurethane foams (RPUFs) were successfully prepared with GPP as the polyol, the results showed that the addition of GPP can greatly improve the thermal stability and flame retardancy of the RPUFs prepared. The RPUF were prepared by fully GPP with 30.4% of limiting oxygen index and 350 kpa of compressive strength. These properties are qualified for commercial utilization. Therefore, this GPP provides great prospect in the development of specified flame‐retardant PU materials.
Response surface optimization for improving the processing behavior of melamine formaldehyde impregnation resins
Authors: Seidl Regina , Weiss Stephanie , Zikulnig‐Rusch Edith M. , Kandelbauer Andreas 
Published: October 2020

AbstractMelamine‐formaldehyde resins are widely used for decorative paper impregnation. Resin properties relevant for impregnation are mainly determined already at the stage of resin synthesis by the applied reaction conditions. Thus, understanding the relationship between reaction conditions and technological properties is important. Response surface methodology based on orthogonal parameter level variations is the most suitable tool to identify and quantify factor effects and deduce causal correlation patterns. Here, two major process factors of MF resin synthesis were systematically varied using such a statistical experimental design. To arrive at resins having a broad range of technological properties, initial pH and M:F ratio were varied in a wide range (pH: 7.9–12.1; M:F ratio: 1:1.5–1:4.5). The impregnation behavior of the resins was modeled using viscosity, penetration rate and residual curing capacity as technological responses. Based on the response surface models, nonlinear and synergistic action of process factors was quantified and a suitable process window for preparing resins with favorable impregnation performance was defined. It was found that low M:F ratios (~1:2–1:2.5) and comparatively high starting pHs (~pH 11) yield impregnation resins with rapid impregnation behavior and good residual curing capacity.
Biomimetic soy protein‐based exterior‐use films with excellent UV‐blocking performance from catechol derivative Acacia mangium tannin
Authors: Wang Liuliu , Liu Jian , Zhang Wei , Zhang Derong , Li Jianzhang , Zhang Shifeng 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPolymer plastic is the main component of current outdoor packaging film materials that are mostly derived from fossil fuels. Its poor ultraviolet (UV) barrier performance and short service life caused by aging degradation result in increased non‐renewable consumption and environmental pollution. The most effective way to solve these problems is the development of a biomass‐based and eco‐friendly packaging with excellent UV‐blocking performance. Herein, inspired by mussels, a facile strategy is reported for the preparation of a biomimetic polymeric material via the incorporation of a biomass‐derived catechol derivative Acacia mangium tannin (AMT) into a biodegradable soy protein isolate (SPI) matrix. The morphologies, mechanical, thermal properties, and UV‐blocking abilities and mechanisms of the modified films were evaluated. With the increase of the AMT content, the stress of the composite film was found to gradually increase, and the modified SPI composite film exhibited a powerful tensile strength of 7.64 MPa and a high breaking strain of 145.6%. After the introduction of AMT, the films exhibited excellent UV‐blocking performance. As both SPI and AMT are biodegradable, this work presents an innovative design strategy for fully‐biodegradable and robust polymeric materials with excellent UV‐blocking performance that have promising potential applications in packaging.
The role of thermodynamic efficiency in setting the star formation efficiency of self‐gravitating molecular clouds
Authors: Kumssa Gemechu M. , Tessema S. B. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWe study the star formation efficiency per free‐fall time(ϵff) of a self‐gravitating molecular cloud (MC) in the presence of dimensionless thermodynamic efficiency factor ϵ, quantified by taking the ratio of radiation luminosity to the gravitational energy released per free‐fall time (i.e., ) where 0 < ϵ < 1. The results of previous studies indicated that theoretically calculated star formation efficiency of the self‐gravitating MC is larger than the results obtained by observation. These differences may occur due to systematic errors in addition to other physical factors. Currently, there is no single complete model describing star formation efficiency because stars form in a complex and dynamically varying environment. Based on this conceptual framework, we model the equation of star formation efficiency in free‐fall time (ϵff). Moreover, we formulated stellar mass in terms of star formation efficiency by combining the critical mass and the stellar mass models taken from literature. The results indicate that the thermodynamic efficiency factor together with fundamental parameters of the cloud and the time scales play a crucial role in describing the star formation efficiency (SFE) of self‐gravitating MC in its free‐fall time.
Statin‐induced autoimmune necrotizing myositis—A single‐center case series highlighting this potentially life‐threatening but treatable condition
Authors: Jasim Muhamad , Sapkota Hem , Timmons Margaret , Manfredonia Francesco , Pohl Ute , Barkham Nick 
Published: October 2020

AbstractStatin‐induced autoimmune necrotizing myositis is a rare but important cause muscle weakness. Withdrawal of the statin and steroid treatment alone may be insufficient treatment for SIANM. Targeted immunosuppression may be needed and can be effective.
Gas Storage in Porous Molecular Materials
Authors: Deegan Meaghan M. , Dworzak Michael R. , Gosselin Aeri J. , Korman Kyle J. , Bloch Eric D. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractMolecules with permanent porosity in the solid state have been studied for decades. Porosity in these systems is governed by intrinsic pore space, as in cages or macrocycles, and extrinsic void space, created through loose, intermolecular solid‐state packing. The development of permanently porous molecular materials, especially cages with organic or metal–organic composition, has seen increased interest over the past decade, and as such, incredibly high surface areas have been reported for these solids. Despite this, examples of these materials being explored for gas storage applications are relatively limited. This minireview outlines existing molecular systems that have been investigated for gas storage and highlights strategies that have been used to understand adsorption mechanisms in porous molecular materials.
International guidelines for the flow cytometric evaluation of peripheral blood for suspected Sézary syndrome or mycosis fungoides: Assay development/optimization, validation, and ongoing quality monitors
Authors: Illingworth Andrea , Johansson Ulrika , Huang Shuguang , Horna Pedro , Wang Sa A. , Almeida Julia , Wolniak Kristy L. , Psarra Katherina , Torres Richard , Craig Fiona E. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIntroducing a sensitive and specific peripheral blood flow cytometric assay for Sézary syndrome and mycosis fungoides (SS/MF) requires careful selection of assay design characteristics, and translation into a laboratory developed assay through development/optimization, validation, and continual quality monitoring. As outlined in a previous article in this series, the recommended design characteristics of this assay include at a minimum, evaluation of CD7, CD3, CD4, CD8, CD26, and CD45, analyzed simultaneously, requiring at least a 6 color flow cytometry system, with both quantitative and qualitative components. This article provides guidance from an international group of cytometry specialists in implementing an assay to those design specifications, outlining specific considerations, and best practices. Key points presented in detail are: (a) Pre‐analytic components (reagents, specimen processing, and acquisition) must be optimized to: (i) identify and characterize an abnormal population of T‐cells (qualitative component) and (ii) quantitate the abnormal population (semi/quasi‐quantitative component). (b)Analytic components (instrument set‐up/acquisition/analysis strategy and interpretation) must be optimized for the identification of SS/MF populations, which can vary widely in phenotype. Comparison with expert laboratories is strongly encouraged in order to establish competency. (c) Assay performance must be validated and documented through a validation plan and report, which covers both qualitative and semi/quasi‐quantitative assay components (example template provided). (d) Ongoing assay‐specific quality monitoring should be performed to ensure consistency.