bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transplanted Hair Follicle Stem Cells Migrate to the Penumbra and Express Neural Markers in a Rat Model of Cerebral Ischaemia/Reperfusion
Authors: Zhang Xuemei , Tang Hao , Mao Senlin , Li Bing , Zhou Yinglian , Yue Hui , Wang Duo , Wang Yifei , Fu Jin 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Ischaemic stroke has become the main cause of death and severe neurological disorders, for which effective restorative treatments are currently limited. While stem cell transplantation offers therapeutic potential through neural regeneration, this approach is associated with challenges of limited applicable sources. Hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs) are multipotential cells that can differentiate into ectodermal and mesodermal lineages and proliferate for long periods. The therapeutic potentials of HFSCs have not been investigated in ischaemic stroke models and, therefore, in this study, we aimed to determine whether they could survive and migrate to ischaemic areas after stroke attack. Methods : A rat model of middle cerebral artery ischaemia/reperfusion was established and intravenously administered HFSCs. The potential of HFSCs to migrate and differentiate into neuron-like cells as well as their ability to reduce the infarct size was evaluated. Rat brain tissue samples were collected 2 weeks after cell transplantation and analysed via TTC staining, immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemistry methods. The data were statistically analysed and presented as the means ± standard deviations. Results : Intravenously administrated rat HFSCs were able to migrate to the penumbra where they expressed neuron-specific markers, reduced the infarct volume, and promoted neurological recovery. Conclusion : HFSC transplantation has therapeutic potential for ischaemic stroke, and is, therefore, worthy of further investigation toward possible clinical development for treating stroke patients.
Usefulness of Surgical Lung Biopsies after Cryobiopsies when Pathological Results Are Inconclusive or show a Pattern Suggestive of a Nonspecific Interstitial Pneumonia
Authors: Bondue Benjamin , Leduc Dimitri , Froidure Antoine , Pieters Thierry , Taton Olivier , Heinen Vincent , Alexander Patrick , Hoton Delphine , Dome Florence , Remmelink Myriam 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND Although increasing data supports the use of transbronchial lung cryobiopsies (TBLCs) for the diagnosis of diffuse parenchymal lung diseases (DPLDs), its role as an alternative to surgical lung biopsy (SLB) is still under debate. The aim of this study was to assess the benefit of additional SLBs performed in selected patients after TBLCs. METHOD We conducted a multicentric Belgian prospective trial in which SLBs were performed after TBLCs when the pathological diagnosis was uncertain or if a nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP) pattern was observed hypothesizing that SLB could provide additional information and that a co-existent UIP pattern could be missed. RESULTS 81 patients with TBLCs performed for a DPLD were included in the study between April 2015 and December 2019. A specific histological diagnosis was obtained in 52 patients (64%) whereas no pathological diagnosis following TBLCs was obtained in 13 patients (16%) and a pattern suggestive of a NSIP was observed in 16 patients (20%). 14 out of these 29 patients had SLBs after TBLCs. SLBs showed a UIP pattern in 11 (79%), a pattern suggestive of a hypersensitivity pneumonitis in two (14%) and a NSIP pattern in one patient (7%). Among the 16 patients with pathological NSIP following TBLCs, six underwent a SLBs showing a UIP in five and confirming a NSIP in one patient only. A retrospective pathological analysis of patients having both procedures showed a lower diagnostic confidence and agreement among pathologists for TBLCs compared to SLBs. Major factors underlying the added value of SLBs were the bigger size of the sample as well as the subpleural localization of the biopsies. CONCLUSIONS TBLCs are useful in the setting of DPLDs with a good diagnostic yield. However, our study suggests that SLB provides critical additional information in case TBLCs are inconclusive or show a pattern suggestive of a NSIP, questioning the accuracy of TBLC to adequately identify this histological pattern.
Restless abdomen: a spectrum or a phenotype variant of restless legs syndrome?
Authors: Wang Xi-Xi , Zhu Xiao-Ying , Wang Zan , Dong Jian-Wei , Ondo William G. , Wu Yun-Cheng 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: With the growing awareness of restless legs syndrome (RLS), sensory disorders similar to RLS but initially confined to the arms, abdomen, and perineum have been reported. One of them is restless abdomen, which refers to a restless sensation in abdomen. Our study is designed to evaluate the clinical phenotype of restless abdomen and investigate its relationship with RLS.Methods: We enrolled 10 patients with restless abdomen according to RLS diagnostic criteria, excluding the requiring of leg involvement. Laboratory examinations were performed to exclude mimics and notable comorbidities.Results: All 10 patients had RLS like symptoms in the abdomen and otherwise satisfied all other RLS diagnostic criteria, and responded to dopaminergic therapy.Conclusions: Neurologists and gastroenterologists should be aware that RLS-related restlessness can occur in extra-leg anatomy in the absence of episodes of worsening or augmentation of restlessness.
Effects of Er:YAG laser pre-treatment on dentin structure and bonding strength of primary teeth: An in vitro study
Authors: WANG Jun hui , YANG Kuan , ZHANG Bai ze , ZHOU Zhi fei , WANG Zi rui , GE Xin , WANG Lu lu , CHEN Yu jiang , WANG Xiao jing 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: To investigate the effects of Er:YAG laser pre-treatment on the dentin structure and shear bond strength of primary teeth. Methods: Dentin specimens were prepared using freshly extracted intact primary molars and divided randomly into four groups based on the surface treatment applied. The control and etchant groups received no treatment and conventional acid etching treatment, respectively, while the energy and frequency groups received laser surface treatment with variable energy and frequency parameters. The morphology was observed using scanning electron microscopy. The surface-treated dentin slices were bonded to resin tablets, followed by thermocycle treatment. The shear strengths were determined with a universal testing machine and de-bonded surfaces were observed with a stereomicroscope. Results: SEM observation showed that the surface morphology of the dentin slices changed after etching as well as after Er:YAG laser pre-treatment with different energy and frequency values. The dentin tubules opened within a specific energy (50-200 mJ) and frequency (5-20 Hz) range. Beyond this range, the intertubular dentin showed cracks and structural disintegration. Shear strength tests showed no significant change after acid etching. The shear strength increased significantly (P<0.05) after Er:YAG laser pre-treatment compared with that of the control group. The shear strength increased within the same energy (50-200 mJ) and frequency (5-20 Hz) range as the tubule opening, but not significantly (P>0.05). The most common mode of interface failure was adhesive (interface) failure, followed by mixed and resin cohesive failure. Conclusions: Er:YAG laser pre-treatment may improve the bonding strength between the dentin and the resin in primary teeth.
Does tooth extraction and perioperative medication affect PT-INR of patients taking warfarin?
Authors: Iwata Eiji , Tachibana Akira , Kusumoto Junya , Takata Naoki , Hasegawa Takumi , Akashi Masaya 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Various antibiotics and analgesics have been reported to interact with　warfarin. Reports that investigate the effects of medication taken for just a few days during tooth extraction on the prothrombin time-international normalized ratio (PT-INR) are rare. Methods: A total of 110 patients receiving long-term stable warfarin therapy underwent tooth extraction without interruption of warfarin treatment. INR values were measured one month before the tooth extraction, the day of the extraction, and one week after the extraction. We investigated the changes of INR values between the day of extraction and one week after the extraction, as well as the various risk factors for increases in INR values.Results: Before and after tooth extraction, the number of patients taking cefcapene pivoxil, amoxicillin, and azithromycin was 57, 36, and 8, respectively. Nine patients were administered ampicillin before tooth extraction and received amoxicillin after their tooth extraction. One week after tooth extraction, the INR values increased beyond the therapeutic range in 3 out of 110 patients (2.7%). The INR values before tooth extraction in these three patients were close to 3.0. The INR value increased by more than twice as much in 1 of 110 patients (0.9%).Conclusion: When a tooth extraction is performed in patients taking warfarin, certain factors could increase the INR, such as interaction between warfarin and antibiotics or analgesics, post-extraction inflammation or infection, and eating disorders due to post-extraction pain. However, our results suggest that it has little effect on the INR values one week after extraction.
Evaluation of serum anti-Mullerian hormone levels in women with Hashimoto thyroiditis in the reproductive age
Authors: Unsal Ilknur Ozturk , Hepsen Sema , Akhanli Pinar , Calapkulu Murat , Sencar Muhammed Erkam , Yalcindag Ali , Cakal Erman 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background

Autoimmune thyroid disease in women is associated with subfertility and early pregnancy loss, and patients with primary ovarian insufficiency have a high prevalence of thyroid autoimmune disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between Hashimoto thyroiditis and ovarian reserve.
Methods

Levels of serum thyroid stimulating hormones, thyroid autoantibodies, and anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) were measured in women with Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) and a healthy control group between 2018 and 2019.
Result

Evaluation was made of 108 premenopausal women with Hashimoto thyroiditis. A control group was formed of 172 healthy female subjects with normal anti-thyroid antibody levels and thyroid function. Serum AMH levels were determined to be significantly lower in the HT group compared to the control group.
Conclusion

Ovarian reserve evaluated by serum AMH concentration is affected by thyroid autoimmunity independently of anti-thyroid antibodies type or titers.
Early leucine programming on protein utilization and mTOR signaling by DNA methylation in zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Authors: Zhu Qiang-Sheng , Wang Jie , he shan , Liang Xu-Fang , Xie Shuang , Xiao Qian-Qian 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Early nutritional programming affects a series of metabolism, growth and development in mammals. Fish also exhibit the developmental plasticity by early nutritional programming. However, little is known about the effect of early amino acid programming on growth and metabolism. Methods: In the present study, zebrafish (Danio rerio) was used as the experimental animal to study whether early leucine stimulation can programmatically affect the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway, growth and metabolism in the later life, and to undercover the mechanism of epigenetic regulation. Zebrafish larvas at 3 days post hatching (dph) were raised with 1.0% leucine from 3 to 13 dph during the critical developmental stage, then back to normal water for 70 days (83 dph). Results: The growth performance and crude protein content of zebrafish in the early leucine programming group were increased, and consistent with the activation of the mTOR signaling pathway and the high expression of genes involved in the metabolism of amino acid and glycolipid. Furthermore, we compared the DNA methylation profiles between the control and leucine-stimulated zebrafish, and found that the methylation levels of CG-differentially methylated regions (DMGs) and CHH-DMGs of genes involved in mTOR signaling pathway were different between the two groups. With quantitative PCR analysis, the decreased methylation levels of CG type of Growth factor receptor-bound protein 10 (Grb10), eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) and mTOR genes of mTOR signaling pathway in the leucine programming group, might contribute to the enhanced gene expression. Conclusions: The early leucine programming could improve the protein synthesis and growth, which might be attributed to the methylation of genes in mTOR pathway and the expression of genes involved in protein synthesis and glycolipid metabolism in zebrafish. These results could be beneficial for better understanding of the epigenetic regulatory mechanism of early nutritional programming.
Prolonged Exposure to Traffic-related Particulate Matter Showed Distinct Molecular Mechanisms of Lung Injury in Rats
Authors: Jheng Yu-Teng , Putri Denise Utami , Chuang Hsiao-Chi , Lee Kang-Yun , Chou Hsiu-Chu , Wang San-Yuan , Han Chia-Li 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Exposure to particulate matter (PM) pollution has direct impacts on the respiratory organs, yet the molecular alterations underlying PM-induced pulmonary injury remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the effect of PM on lung tissues of SD rats with whole-body exposure to traffic-related PM1 (< 1 mm in aerodynamic diameter) pollutants and compared it with rats exposed to high-efficiency particulate air-filtered gaseous pollutants and clean air control for 3 and 6 months. Lung function and histological examinations as well as quantitative proteomics analysis and functional validation were performed. Results: The rats in 6-month PM1-exposed group showed significant decline in lung function by decreased forced expiratory flow and forced expiratory volume, but the histological analysis revealed an earlier lung damage evidenced by increased congestion and macrophage infiltration in 3-month PM1-exposed rat lungs. The lung tissue proteomics analysis identified 2,673 proteins which highlighted dysregulations on proteins involved in oxidative stress, cellular metabolisms, calcium signaling, inflammatory responses, and actin dynamics. The presence of fine particles specifically enhanced the oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions under sub-chronic exposure of traffic-related PM1 and suppressed the glucose metabolism and actin cytoskeleton signaling which might lead to repair failure and thus lung function decline after chronic exposure of traffic-related PM1. A detailed pathogenic mechanism was proposed to depict the temporal and dynamic molecular regulations associated with PM1-induced lung injury.Conclusion: Our study explored the earlier lung injury prior to lung function decline and proposed potential molecular features for traffic-related PM1-induced lung injury.
Comparative analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific antigens and T-cell mitogen-stimulated interferon gamma production in hemodialysis patients and healthy individuals
Authors: Park Heechul , Kim Ye Na , Park Sung-Bae , Kim Junseong , Lim Jaewon , Kim Jungho , Park Ji Young , Kim Sunghyun 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background

The incidence of Tuberculosis (TB) is higher in patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis than in the general population; further, both the incidence and development of active TB from latent TB infection (LTBI) are considerably higher in patients undergoing hemodialysis than in any other group. The QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube (QFT-GIT) assay is one of the most commonly used interferon gamma (IFN-γ) release assays (IGRAs) currently. We aim to know T-cell function of hemodialysis patients and the possible QFT false negatives.

Methods

In order to analyze the MTB-specific antigen-stimulated IFN-γ release in patients on hemodialysis, the QFT-GIT test was used in this study. A total of 84 hemodialysis patients and 52 healthy subjects were enrolled from Kosin University Gospel Hospital and Catholic University of Pusan, Busan, Republic of Korea; their whole blood samples were collected and used for the present study.

Results

The positivity results of the IGRAs in hemodialysis patients and normal subjects were 34/84 (40.4%) and 4/52 (7.6%), respectively. The mean value of MTB-specific antigen-stimulated IFN-γ in hemodialysis patients with LTBI and non-LTBI status in hemodialysis patients, healthy individuals were 1.85 IU/mL (4.44ng/mL) and 0.028 IU/mL (0.067 ng/mL) and 0.255 IU/mL (0.612 ng/mL) respectively. In addition, Of the 34 LTBI status in hemodialysis patients, 14 (41.2%) had T-cell mitogen-stimulated IFN-γ levels of 10 or less, and 20 (58.8%) had 10 or more T-cell mitogen-stimulated IFN-γ. Moreover, Of the 49 non-LTBI status in hemodialysis patients, 19 (38.8%) had T-cell mitogen-stimulated IFN-γ levels of 10 or less, and 30 (61.2%) showed T-cell mitogen-stimulated IFN-γ levels of 10 or more. On the other hand, there was no low level of T-cell mitogen-stimulated IFN-γ in the healthy individuals.

Conclusion

This reveals that T-cell function in hemodialysis patients was reduced as compared to the healthy individuals. Therefore, the cut-off value should be adjusted for the active TB high-risk group when using IGRA tests. The clinical manifestations of TB in patients on hemodialysis are quite non-specific, making timely diagnosis difficult, and delaying the initiation of curative treatment, delay being a major determinant of outcome.
Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1: A Chinese Family with a new germline mutation(c.201delC) and Detection Errors due to an Intron Mutation
Authors: Zhang Fan , Lin Xinyue , Wang Xiaoli , Yu Xiaohui 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is a hereditary cancer syndrome caused by germline mutations in the MEN1 gene located on chromosome 11q13. The three main endocrine tissues affected most frequently by tumors in MEN1 are the parathyroid (95%), enteropancreatic neuroendocrine tissues (50%), and anterior pituitary (40%). The purpose of this study was to report on a Chinese family with a new heterozygous MEN1 mutation in exon 2 [NM_130802: c.201delC (p.Ala68Profs*51) with localization to Chr11:64577381 on assembly GRCh37].Methods: A 49-year-old female patient (proband) was admitted to the hospital due to intermittent recurrent hypoglycemia symptoms. After a series of examinations, we found that she had a pancreatic tumor, parathyroid tumor, adrenal tumor, and a suspicious gastrinoma. Due to the proband’s suspicious clinical manifestations of MEN1, we performed genetic detection for the proband and her immediate family members. We also used multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) to rule out homozygous mutations caused by a deletion of gene fragments in the proband and her immediate family members.Results: A new MEN1 germline mutation [c.201delC (p.Ala68Profs*51)], which could induce MEN1, was found by the genetic test. Two of the proband’s six relatives were found by the genetic test to have the same mutations as the proband, and the proband’s sister also had the typical symptoms of MEN1. However, the first and second genetic detection results showed that they were homozygous mutations, which did not conform to Mendelian inheritance laws. The MLPA results showed that the gene deletion was absent in the MEN1. The results from the third genetic detection (redesigned the primer) showed that they were a heterozygous mutation. The detection errors were due to an intron mutation.Conclusions: A new germline mutation that induced MEN1, which can improve the identification of clinical phenotypes of MEN1 and the early diagnosis of the disease, was identified. An intron mutation may lead to incorrect results of homozygous, which is incompatible with Mendelian genetic law. Redesigning the primers for gene detection could avoid this situation.
A Newfangled Coordinated Ruthenium Phloretin Complex Reprogramming Breast Cancer Microenvironment Interceded by Modulation of PI3K/Akt/Mtor/VEGF Pathway and Modifying The Antioxidant Status Correlated With Intensified Apoptotic Events.
Authors: He Chenyang , Wang Junli , Chakraborty Tania , Roy Souvik 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Our recent investigation directed to synthesize and characterize a novel ruthenium– phloretin complex accompanied by the study of antioxidant in addition to DNA binding capabilities, and to determine the chemotherapeutic activity against breast carcinoma in vitro and in vivo approach.Methods: Ruthenium–phloretin complex was synthesized and characterized using various spectroscopic methods. The complex was further investigated to determine its efficacy in both MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 human cancer cell lines and finally in an in vivo model of DMBA induced mammary carcinogenesis in ratsResults: Our studies confirm that the chelation of the metal and ligand was materialize by the 3-OH and 9-OH functional groups of the ligand and the complex is found crystalline and was capable of intercalating with CT-DNA. The complex was capable of reducing cellular propagation and initiate apoptotic events in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast carcinoma cell lines. Additionally, ruthenium-phloretin complex could modulate p53 intervene apoptosis in the breast carcinoma, initiated by the intrinsic apoptotic trail facilitated by the Bcl2 and Bax and at the same time down regulating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway coupled with MMP9 regulated tumor invasive pathways.Conclusions: Ruthenium-phloretin chemotherapy could interrupt, revoke or suspend the succession of breast carcinoma by altering intrinsic apoptosis along with the antiangiogenic pathway, hence fulfilling the role of a prospective candidate in cancer chemotherapeutics in the in the near future.
Effect of Desiccation and Storage Environment on Longevity of Ehretia Cymosa Thonn. Seeds.
Authors: Angaine Peter Murithi , Ndungú Stephen Muriithi , Onyango Alice Adongo , Owino Jesse Omondi 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Globally, forestry faces challenges in the availability of seeds due to limited knowledge on seed handling of various species. Forestry seeds are constantly being reviewed and classified as either recalcitrant, intermediate, or orthodox based on their storage behavior. It is essential to understand the tree seed storage behavior to maintain seed viability and thus minimize seed losses. There is scanty literature combining factors of seed moisture content (6%, 9%, 12%, 15%, and 20%), seed storage temperature (20oC, 5oC and -20oC), seed storage duration (1, 4, 9 and 12 months), and germination in different sites with varying environmental variables. Ehretia cymosa is important in the Afromontane forestry landscape as a medicinal, rehabilitation, and conservation species. This study conducted desiccation and storage studies and their influence on the viability of E. cymosa seeds. The study sought to determine the optimum conditions for the storage of Ehretia cymosa that maintains viability. Results: This study observed that E. cymosa dried to seed moisture content of 6%, stored for 12 months at 20oC and sown in the laboratory had the highest germination performance (27.6 ± 3.18%) (p<0.05). Conclusion: This confirms that E.cymosa seeds exhibit orthodox storage behavior. The authors recommend longer storage studies (>12months) to determine the actual longevity of the seeds of this species. The significance of these results would be useful for foresters and farmers that would need to use this species for various purposes.