bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Network intrusion detection system: A systematic study of machine learning and deep learning approaches
Authors: Ahmad Zeeshan , Shahid Khan Adnan , Wai Shiang Cheah , Abdullah Johari , Ahmad Farhan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe rapid advances in the internet and communication fields have resulted in a huge increase in the network size and the corresponding data. As a result, many novel attacks are being generated and have posed challenges for network security to accurately detect intrusions. Furthermore, the presence of the intruders with the aim to launch various attacks within the network cannot be ignored. An intrusion detection system (IDS) is one such tool that prevents the network from possible intrusions by inspecting the network traffic, to ensure its confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Despite enormous efforts by the researchers, IDS still faces challenges in improving detection accuracy while reducing false alarm rates and in detecting novel intrusions. Recently, machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL)‐based IDS systems are being deployed as potential solutions to detect intrusions across the network in an efficient manner. This article first clarifies the concept of IDS and then provides the taxonomy based on the notable ML and DL techniques adopted in designing network‐based IDS (NIDS) systems. A comprehensive review of the recent NIDS‐based articles is provided by discussing the strengths and limitations of the proposed solutions. Then, recent trends and advancements of ML and DL‐based NIDS are provided in terms of the proposed methodology, evaluation metrics, and dataset selection. Using the shortcomings of the proposed methods, we highlighted various research challenges and provided the future scope for the research in improving ML and DL‐based NIDS.
On the application, reporting, and sharing of in silico simulations for genetic studies
Authors: Riggs Kaleigh , Chen Huann‐Sheng , Rotunno Melissa , Li Bing , Simonds Naoko I. , Mechanic Leah E. , Peng Bo 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn silico simulations play an indispensable role in the development and application of statistical models and methods for genetic studies. Simulation tools allow for the evaluation of methods and investigation of models in a controlled manner. With the growing popularity of evolutionary models and simulation‐based statistical methods, genetic simulations have been applied to a wide variety of research disciplines such as population genetics, evolutionary genetics, genetic epidemiology, ecology, and conservation biology. In this review, we surveyed 1409 articles from five journals that publish on major application areas of genetic simulations. We identified 432 papers in which genetic simulations were used and examined the targets and applications of simulation studies and how these simulation methods and simulated data sets are reported and shared. Whereas a large proportion (30%) of the surveyed articles reported the use of genetic simulations, only 28% of these genetic simulation studies used existing simulation software, 2% used existing simulated data sets, and 19% and 12% made source code and simulated data sets publicly available, respectively. Moreover, 15% of articles provided no information on how simulation studies were performed. These findings suggest a need to encourage sharing and reuse of existing simulation software and data sets, as well as providing more information regarding the performance of simulations.
Predicting alcohol dependence from multi‐site brain structural measures
Authors: Hahn Sage , Mackey Scott , Cousijn Janna , Foxe John J. , Heinz Andreas , Hester Robert , Hutchinson Kent , Kiefer Falk , Korucuoglu Ozlem , Lett Tristram , Li Chiang‐Shan R. , London Edythe , Lorenzetti Valentina , Maartje Luijten , Momenan Reza , Orr Catherine , Paulus Martin , Schmaal Lianne , Sinha Rajita , Sjoerds Zsuzsika , Stein Dan J. , Stein Elliot , van Holst Ruth J. , Veltman Dick , Walter Henrik , Wiers Reinout W. , Yucel Murat , Thompson Paul M. , Conrod Patricia , Allgaier Nicholas , Garavan Hugh 
Published: October 2020

AbstractTo identify neuroimaging biomarkers of alcohol dependence (AD) from structural magnetic resonance imaging, it may be useful to develop classification models that are explicitly generalizable to unseen sites and populations. This problem was explored in a mega‐analysis of previously published datasets from 2,034 AD and comparison participants spanning 27 sites curated by the ENIGMA Addiction Working Group. Data were grouped into a training set used for internal validation including 1,652 participants (692 AD, 24 sites), and a test set used for external validation with 382 participants (146 AD, 3 sites). An exploratory data analysis was first conducted, followed by an evolutionary search based feature selection to site generalizable and high performing subsets of brain measurements. Exploratory data analysis revealed that inclusion of case‐ and control‐only sites led to the inadvertent learning of site‐effects. Cross validation methods that do not properly account for site can drastically overestimate results. Evolutionary‐based feature selection leveraging leave‐one‐site‐out cross‐validation, to combat unintentional learning, identified cortical thickness in the left superior frontal gyrus and right lateral orbitofrontal cortex, cortical surface area in the right transverse temporal gyrus, and left putamen volume as final features. Ridge regression restricted to these features yielded a test‐set area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.768. These findings evaluate strategies for handling multi‐site data with varied underlying class distributions and identify potential biomarkers for individuals with current AD.
Sensitivity analysis of heat transfer in nanoliquid with inclined magnetic field, exponential space‐based heat source, convective heating, and slip effects
Authors: Mahanthesh B. , Thriveni K. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSensitivity analysis of the rate of heat transport in the flow of nanoliquids over an elongated sheet using the response surface methodology (RSM) in combination with the face‐centered central composite design. The flow is driven due to the velocity slip and the inclined magnetic field effects. Thermal analysis includes aspects of convective heating, Joule heating, viscous heating, and a space‐dependent exponential heat source. The nanoliquid model consists of thermophoresis and random motion mechanisms. A set of coupled partial differential governance equations is rehabilitated into a set of ordinary differential equations using the appropriate transformation. Subsequent nonlinear problem is tackled numerically by utilizing finite difference code that employs the formula of four‐stage Lobatto IIIa. The rate of heat transport is scrutinized by adopting RSM for three effectual parameters, namely magnetic field parameter (), angle of inclination (), and suction parameter ). The velocity and temperature fields were found to be a decreasing function of an angle of inclination of the magnetic field. The velocity range is inversely related to the suction and flow aspects of velocity. Furthermore, the rate of heat transport is more sensitive to the suction parameter than to the magnetic field and to the angle of inclination of the magnetic field.
Formate‐Mediated Cross‐Electrophile Reductive Coupling of Aryl Iodides and Bromopyridines
Authors: Schwartz Leyah A. , Spielmann Kim , Swyka Robert A. , Xiang Ming , Krische Michael J. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractTwo catalytic systems for the formate‐mediated cross‐electrophile reductive coupling of aryl iodides with 6‐bromopyridines are described. Using homogenous rhodium or heterogeneous palladium catalysts, the products of reductive biaryl cross‐coupling could be formed in moderate yield with excellent levels of chemoselectivity.
Sell‐side analysts' recommendations a value or noise
Authors: Vukovic Darko B. , Ugolnikov Vladislav , Maiti Moinak 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe main objective of the paper is to investigate the analysts’ recommendations’ value and to determine on which market the analysts have more predictive power that can be defined as an extent of a stock price’s reaction around a particular recommendation what leads to abnormal returns of the security. Such recommendations are significant in decision‐making whether to buy or to sell a particular stock. We observed 1,881 events from 168 companies traded at the London Stock Exchange and the New York Stock Exchange in a period between January 1, 2016, and April 31, 2019. We used an event study analysis and classical one‐factor market model to determine expected returns for a particular stock in an estimation window. It was found that both American and European Union markets are feasible to be outperformed by the analysts but it is impossible to highlight any of the markets as they behave almost identically around positive, neutral and negative recommendations.
Oil shocks, financial stability and implementing macroeconomics and macro‐prudential policies in an oil‐exporting economy
Authors: Dargahi Hassan , Hadian Mehdi 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSince the financial crisis of 2007–2008, macro‐prudential policies have been widely used to achieve financial stability. Moreover, for most oil‐exporting economies, oil revenues are an essential source of fluctuations in macroeconomic variables, which necessitate the adoption of macroeconomic stabilization policies. By constructing a macro‐financial DSGE model, this paper examines the role of macro‐prudential policies in financial stability and how they interact with macroeconomic policies in an oil‐exporting economy. Applying quarterly data of the economy of Iran during 1990–2017, the results show that macroeconomic stabilization policies are not considered as sufficient condition for financial stability. The implementation of macro‐prudential instruments is necessary to reduce financial instability. Moreover, the results indicate that the cooperation of the macro‐prudential and monetary authorities increases the effectiveness of the macro‐prudential and monetary policies.
Effects of sunset yellow on proliferation and differentiation of intestinal epithelial cells in murine intestinal organoids
Authors: Kong Xiunan , Wang Xiu , Qin Yumei , Han Jianzhong 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSunset yellow (SY), an azo dye, is commonly used in the food industry. The scientific literature contains little information regarding the effects of SY on small intestinal epithelial cells (IECs). In this study, a small intestinal organoid model was used in in vitro toxicological studies of SY, and intestinal inflammatory responses in vivo to SY were investigated with the dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)‐induced intestinal inflammation model in C57BL/6 mice. The intestinal organoids were cultured with 2 μg/ml SY for two generations, the growth rates were analyzed, and the expressions of cell lineages were assayed. For inflammatory responses, mice were fed with a diet containing 40 mg/kg diet SY and treated with 2.5% DSS for 7 days. The results showed that SY inhibited the growth of the organoids by inhibiting the proliferation and disturbing the differentiation of IECs. Furthermore, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and oxidative stress levels were elevated in SY‐treated organoids. In DSS‐treated mice, the disease activity index and expression levels of interleukin‐1β and tumor necrosis factor‐α were enhanced in the SY group, concluding that SY exacerbated DSS‐induced intestinal inflammation. Taken together, these findings revealed that SY could disturb the homeostasis of the small intestinal epithelium by generating high levels of ER stress and oxidative stress, with long‐term continuous consumption of SY potentially increasing the risk of intestinal inflammation.
Research on the circular RNA bioinformatics in patients with acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Yin Lianli , Tang Yinghua , Jiang Minghe 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectiveThrough the detection of circular RNA (circRNA) using expression profiling chips, we searched for circRNAs related to acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and explored their relationship and possible mechanisms with AMI.MethodThe study subjects included 3 AMI patients and 3 controls, and circRNA expression profiling analysis was performed using a microarray gene chip to identify circRNAs with large differences in expression between groups and to construct a circRNA‐miRNA network.ResultsCompared with the control group, there were 650 differentially expressed circRNAs found in AMI patients (P < .05, fold change > 2), including 535 up‐regulated circRNAs, such as hsa_circ_0050908, hsa_circRNA4010‐22, hsa_circ_0081241, hsa_circ_0010551, hsa_circRNA4010‐20, hsa_circRNA14702, hsa_circ_0115392, has_circRNA1825‐44, has_circRNA8493‐7, and hsa_circ_0025097. Furthermore, there were 115 down‐regulated circRNAs, such as hsa_circ_0066439, hsa_circ_0054211, hsa_circ_0095920, hsa_circ_0122984, hsa_circ_0113067, hsa_circ_0039155, hsa_circRNA4014‐45, hsa_circ_0122979, hsa_circ_0059665, and hsa_circ_0009319. The circRNAs hsa_circ_0066439, hsa_circ_0081241, and hsa_circ_0122984 can regulate multiple signal pathways to participate in the AMI process through hsa‐miR‐1254, hsa‐miR‐328‐5p, and other miRNAs. In addition, the expression of circRNA‐miRNA in peripheral blood is related to the network. Differentially expressed circRNAs are involved in chromatin organization, chromatin‐modifying enzymes, signal transduction, lysine degradation, the mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, focal adhesion, and a variety of other pathways, such as myocardial infarction, coronary heart disease, hypertension, and other diseases. The gene ontology analysis results show that molecular function mainly involves binding and molecular structural activity, whereas the biological process mainly involves a single biological process, a cellular component for organization, and a cellular process, and the cellular component mainly involves a protein complex, an extracellular matrix, and a membrane.ConclusioncircRNA and microRNA interact to participate in the development of AMI. circRNA may be involved in the pathogenesis of AMI.
Novel variants in TBC1D24 associated with epilepsy and deafness: Report of two cases
Authors: Zhang Na , Hou Mei , Ma Shaochun , Liu Yedan , Wei Wei , Chen Zongbo 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPurposeTo identify the causative variants in two unrelated Chinese patients presenting with epilepsy and deafness.MethodsThe two patients underwent a thorough examination, including brain MRI, EEG and metabolic studies. Next‐generation sequencing (NGS) was performed on genomic DNA samples from the siblings and parents. Sanger sequencing was used to confirm the variants.ResultsGene sequencing revealed that they carried two novel compound heterozygous missense variants of the TBC1D24: c.116 C > T (p.Ala39Val) and c.827 T > C (p.Ile276Thr) in patient 1; c.404 C > T (p.Pro135Leu) and c.679 T > C (p.Arg227Trp) in patient 2. Audiologic examination showed bilateral sensorineural hearing loss in both patients.ConclusionWe have found novel variants in the TBC1D24 in two Chinese unrelated patients. They result in a rare phenotype, characterized by drug‐resistant epilepsy and deafness.
Fault identification and isolation for components of photovoltaic energy storage system based on IEEE21451 standard
Authors: Jaibalaganesh Tharmalingam , Jayaraman Kamala , Raman Kanthimathi , Srinivasan Vasuhi 
Published: October 2020

AbstractMajor faults arise in power converters mainly due to faulty MOSFET switches, diode and electrolyte capacitors. Converter with fault tolerant circuit improves the overall reliability of DC‐DC converter. We develop a self‐test configuration that identifies the faults in analog to digital converter (ADC), DC to DC converter and battery. IEEE 21451 standard‐based interface is implemented to develop a knowledge‐based smart controller. The centralized controller is performed to execute the maximum power point tracking (MPPT). Photovoltaic (PV) energy storage system is constructing to prove how the converter’s sensing, processing, and actuation capabilities in actual time may allow effective fault identification. The simulation result of the proposed method is executed in the MATLAB/Simulink working platform. The experimental results are implemented with field‐programmable gate array of Spartan‐6 Xilinx. The simulation as well as experimental result shows different fault identification in PV with energy storage system. Battery is provided through 12 V/4.5 Ah battery. The simulation and experimental results make ensure that the proposed method reveals its proficiency. It shows that the received results may fault identification at less than the period of one switching usually by 100 ms with suggested method.
Effect of 1‐MCP and ethylene absorbent on the development of lenticel disorder of ‘Xinli No.7’ pear and possible mechanisms
Authors: Wang Baogang , Wang Yunxiang , Li Wensheng , Zhou Jiahua , Chang Hong , Golding John B 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBACKGROUDA common lenticel disorder which occurs in the peel of ‘Xinli No. 7’ pears (Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd.) had not previously been described. Symptoms of this lenticel disorder include enlarging and bulging of the lenticels which results in significant commercial losses. Understanding the physiological basis of lenticel disorder and developing practical methods to control it is crucial for the successful marketing of this pear.RESULTSThe development of this lenticel disorder was found to be closely related to the endogenous ethylene production during storage. 1‐Methylcyclopropene (1‐MCP) combined with an ethylene absorbent (EA) treatment was found to significantly reduce the development of the disorder by inhibiting the expression of ethylene related genes, PbACS1, PbACS2 and PbACO. It is proposed that the enlarged lenticels may result from increased lignin accumulation in the peel cells, which is inhibited by this combined postharvest treatment. It was shown that the expression of six lignin related genes decreased following the treatment. The results suggest that PbPAL, Pb4CL and PbCAD could be critical in regulating the development of this lenticel disorder.CONCLUSIONEndogenous ethylene plays a key role in the development of this lenticel disorder in ‘Xinli No. 7’ pear. The enlarged lenticels which is characteristic of this disorder maybe related to increased lignin accumulation in the peel cells, which were inhibited with 1‐MCP combined with an EA treatment. These results provide a practical method for managing the development of lenticel disorder in ‘Xinli No. 7’ pear and helps clarify the developmental mechanisms of this disorder. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Dietary 25‐hydroxycholecalciferol supplementation improves performance, immunity, antioxidant status, intestinal morphology, and bone quality in weaned piglets
Authors: Zhang Lianhua , Liu Sujie , Piao Xiangshu 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBACKGROUND25‐Hydroxycholecalciferol (25OHD3) is a new feed additive, which is a potential alternative to vitamin D3 in swine nutrition. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of different doses of 25OHD3 supplementation on performance, immunity, antioxidant capacity, intestinal morphology and bone quality in piglets.RESULTSAs dietary 25OHD3 supplementation increased, the average daily gain (ADG) improved (P < 0.05) quadratically during days 1–14, and tended to increase (P = 0.06) quadratically during the overall period of the experiment. Increasing 25OHD3 supplementation increased (linear effect, P < 0.05) the serum 25OHD3 level and serum glutathione peroxidase (GSH‐Px) activity. On day 14, serum immunoglobulin A (IgA) was increased (linear and quadratic effects, P < 0.05) as dietary 25OHD3 supplementation increased. On day 28, serum IgA level was higher (P < 0.05) linearly and the complement 3 (C3) level was reduced (P < 0.05) linearly as dietary supplementation of 25OHD3 increased. The mucosal GSH‐Px activity of the small intestine was higher (quadratic effect, P < 0.05) with increasing 25OHD3 supplementation. Jejunal villus height (P = 0.06) and villus height to crypt depth ratio (P = 0.07) tended to increase quadratically, and the villus height to crypt‐depth ratio of the ileum increased (P < 0.05) linearly and quadratically with increasing 25OHD3 supplementation. Dietary supplementation with an increasing level of 25OHD3 increased breaking strength of tibias and femurs (quadratic effect, P < 0.05).CONCLUSIONIncreasing dietary 25OHD3 supplementation partly improved performance, immunity, antioxidant status, intestinal morphology, and bone properties of weaned piglets. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Application of high‐pressure homogenization to tailor the functionalities of native wheat starch
Authors: Peressini Donatella , Melchior Sofia , Berlese Margherita , Calligaris Sonia 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe effect of high‐pressure homogenization (HPH) on the rheological and thermal properties, water retention capacity (WRC), morphology and in vitro digestion of wheat starch was evaluated. Starch suspensions (50 g kg−1, w/w) were treated at increasing pressures (up to 100 MPa) and numbers of cycles (up to 5) to generate a wide range of energy densities (70–500 MJ m−3) delivered to the sample during processing.RESULTSHigh‐pressure homogenization induced a partial starch gelatinization confirmed by higher digestibility. Gelatinization degree (GD) was between 13% and 83%, causing a wide range of functional properties. High‐pressure homogenization‐treated starch samples showed WRC values of 810–1910 g kg−1. Storage modulus (G′) and complex viscosity (η*) of starch dispersions were almost two and three times higher than the control at 13% and 83% GD, respectively. Positive linear relationships between GD (R = 0.98, P < 0.001), WRC (R = 0.87, P < 0.05), or rheological parameters (R = 0.89÷0.90, P < 0.01) and energy density of HPH treatments were found.CONCLUSIONHigh‐pressure homogenization treatment represents a promising technology to obtain wheat starch with tailored rheological properties and digestibility, which allows the texture and glycemic response of food products to be adjusted. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Oncologic and functional outcomes following laryngectomy for locally advanced thyroid cancer
Authors: Flukes Stephanie , Cohen Marc A. , Cunningham Louise M. , Wong Richard J. , Cracchiolo Jennifer R. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesTotal laryngectomy in thyroid cancer is controversial. Functional and oncologic outcomes are needed to inform surgical indications in this population.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was performed at a tertiary referral center from 1997 to 2018 to identify patients with a diagnosis of thyroid carcinoma who underwent total laryngectomy. Complications, survival outcomes, and functional outcomes were analyzed.ResultsThirty patients met the inclusion criteria. The mean age was 62 years (range, 30–88 years) and the male‐to‐female ratio was 1:2.75. The most common diagnosis was well‐differentiated thyroid cancer (53.3%), followed by poorly differentiated (30%) and anaplastic (16.7%). Total laryngectomy was performed with a 10% rate of Clavien–Dindo Grade III–V complications. The median overall survival was 40 months (range, 1–237). Five‐year overall survival was 39.5% and disease‐specific survival was 51.1%. Locoregional control was achieved in 80.0% of patients. Twelve months postoperatively, 100% of surviving patients were taking oral intake and 86.4% had a self‐reported functional voice.ConclusionTotal laryngectomy for locally advanced thyroid cancer is safe and provides acceptable rates of locoregional control. While the risk of distant metastases remains high, advances in systemic therapy may justify aggressive local control strategies to improve the quality of life.