bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intention, Government Regulation, Self-Regulatory Efficacy, Subjective Norm, Idolatry and Consumer Behaviour in Purchasing Pirated Compact Disks (CDs) in Mainland Tanzania
Authors: Mushi Hellena Mohamedy 
Published: September 2020

This study is conducted to explore the factors influencing purchase behaviour and to explain the magnitude of such factors on buying behaviour in Tanzania. Based on a systematic review of literature, a research framework was developed from Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB). The casual model was empirically tested by using partial least-square structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). The survey is comprised of 491 usable samples, collected from Generation Y consumers as the main music users in Tanzania. Result suggest that the model is significant and adequate. All antecedents of intention appears to be significant except for idolatry. Self-regulatory efficacy and subjective norm are contributing factors to intention construct. Intention, along with self-regulatory efficacy is found to have significant impact on consumer buying behaviour. Government Regulation is found to have non- significant moderating impacts on the relationship between intention and consumer buying behaviour. In addition to theoretical implication, a number of managerial implications are observed. Marketers need to enhance consumers buying behaviour in various stakeholders , reduce music piracy through motivation on self-regulatory efficacy and subjective norm to Generation Y. Overall, the study is expected to confer value to music industry through discourage music piracy by researchers and marketers.
Uma frágil força messiânica
Authors: Santana Izabela Loner 
Published: September 2020

resumo: O objetivo deste artigo é expor a ética proposta por Walter Benjamin em sua filosofia da história. Para isto, faz-se necessário uma breve introdução da filosofia benjaminiana, de maneira a explicitar seu caráter heterodoxo a partir de uma tentativa de articulação entre as diferentes influências teórico-filosóficas que tal filosofia abarca. Isto posto, já será possível tratar mais especificamente de sua filosofia da história, a partir de suas teses “Sobre o conceito de história”, pela qual será explicitada a ética proposta pelo autor.

abstract: The purpose of this article is to present the ethics proposed by Walter Benjamin in his philosophy of history. For this, it is necessary a brief introduction of the benjaminian philosophy, in order to explain its heterodox character starting from an attempt of articulation between the different theoretical-philosophical influences that such philosophy includes. Thus, it will be possible to deal more specifically with his philosophy of history, based on his theses “On the Concept of History”, by which its presented the ethics proposed by the author.
É Dia de Feira
Authors: Silva Gabriel Marques 
Published: September 2020

A realização de feiras livres é algo comum no cotidiano e na dinâmica das grandes cidades brasileiras, sendo seu ambiente extremamente complexo no sentido das relações sociais e comerciais. No entanto, na correria característica desse ambiente, dificilmente notamos tantas dinâmicas e complexidades. Para tanto, o processo de elaboração deste trabalho contou com diversas etapas, passando pela definição do campo de estudo, das questões norteadoras, pela busca de referenciais teóricos, até a ida a campo, a entrevista com os sujeitos da pesquisa e a interpretação deste território extremamente intrincado.
Este trabalho, elaborado em formato de ensaio etnográfico, faz uma leitura geral do ambiente, mas tem como objetivo principal explorar qual o papel da figura masculina nesta dinâmica e como se dá a organização do trabalho nas barracas, algo que me chamou atenção durante a elaboração do trabalho e tem grande força na relações sociais ali estabelecidas.
O discurso do terrorismo no pós Segunda Guerra Mundial e suas consequências na Ditadura Militar da Argentina (1976 – 1983)
Authors: Ribeiro Heloisa Cristina 
Published: September 2020

Resumo: A Ditadura Militar da Argentina deixou diversas marcas em sua sociedade. Respaldado pelo discurso da ameaça comunista e pelo suposto terrorismo de esquerda, o golpe foi deflagrado em março de 1976; iniciou-se aí um período que ficou conhecido como “Terrorismo de Estado” que se prolongou até 1983. Tendo em vista essas duas narrativas completamente opostas que se relacionam com a palavra “terrorismo”, o presente artigo aplica a Teoria Crítica das Relações Internacionais buscando-se a resposta: existia o terrorismo revolucionário ou o terrorismo de Estado? É possível que tenha existido os dois? E a pergunta mais importante: o que é o Terrorismo? Trata-se, portanto, de um jogo de perguntas e respostas, fazendo uso uma categoria – terrorismo – e um discurso que ora é aplicado por um lado, ora por outro.
Abstract: The Military Dictatorship in Argentina left several marks in its society. Under the speech of the communist threat and by supposed left-wing terrorism, the coup d’état took place in March of 1976; after this, it has started a period that is known as “State Terrorism” that has ended only in 1983. In view of these two completely opposite narratives that are related to the word "terrorism", this article applies the Critical Theory of International Relations seeking the answer: was there revolutionary terrorism or state terrorism? Is it possible that the two have existed? And the most important question: What is Terrorism? It is, therefore, a question-and-answer game, using a category - terrorism - and a speech that is sometimes applied to one side or the other.
A Parceria transpacífica e as mudanças para o comércio internacional
Authors: Pacheco Afonso Henrique , Conter Franco Marina 
Published: September 2020

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar brevemente o regime internacional de comércio com foco no tema de Propriedade Intelectual, usando-o como base para analisar o movimento de forum shifting empreendido pelos Estados Unidos para transpor negociações comerciais do âmbito multilateral para o bilateral. A análise mais profunda deste movimento visa elaborar uma comparação entre o modelo multilateral de Propriedade Intelectual, representado pela OrganizaçãoMundial do Comércio, e o modelo bilateral, representado pela Parceria Transpacífica. Com base nessa análise, o trabalho propõe que a Parceria Transpacífica representa uma tentativa de aprofundamento das regulações existentes para a proteção aos direitos de Propriedade Intelectual.
X-Ray Spectroscopy in the Microcalorimeter Era. II. A New Diagnostic on Column Density from the Case A to B Transition in H- and He-like Iron
Authors: Chakraborty P. , Ferland G. J. , Chatzikos M. , Guzmán F. , Su Y. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The Soft X-ray Spectrometer on board Hitomi, with the unprecedented resolving power of R ∼ 1250, allowed the detection of members of the Fe xxv Kα complex emission spectra from the center of the Perseus Cluster. In this paper, we introduce a novel method of measuring the column density using the optically thin (Case A) to optically thick (Case B) transition for one- and two-electron systems. We compare the Fe xxv K α line ratios computed with CLOUDY with that from the Hitomi observations in the outer region of the Perseus core using collision strengths from different atomic data sets, and obtain good agreement. We also show the effect of turbulence on Fe xxv Kα line ratios and interplay between column density and metallicity. Additionally, we discuss the atomic number dependence of transition probabilities for allowed and unallowed transitions, which causes highly charged He-like systems, such as Fe xxv, to behave fundamentally differently from He i.
Investigation of Coronal Properties of X-Ray Bright G-dwarf Stars Based on the Solar Surface Magnetic Field–Corona Relationship
Authors: Takasao Shinsuke , Mitsuishi Ikuyuki , Shimura Takuma , Yoshida Atsushi , Kunitomo Masanobu , Tanaka Yuki A. , Ishihara Daisuke 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We investigated the coronal properties of G-dwarf stars including the Sun over a wide range of X-ray luminosity L
X (3 × 1026 to 2 × 1030 erg s−1). We analyzed the archival data of 10 X-ray bright (L
X > 1028 erg s−1) G-dwarf stars to derive their emission measure (EM) and the coronal temperature (T) during the periods when no prominent stellar flares were observed. We attempted to explain the relation on the basis of our understanding of the present Sun: a steady corona model based on the so-called Rosner-Tucker-Vaiana (RTV) scaling laws and the observed power-law distribution function of surface magnetic features. We derived a theoretical scaling law of the EM–T relation for a star with multiple active regions, and applied it to the observations combined with data in the literature. We found that with the solar parameters, our scaling law seems to be consistent with the data of slowly rotating stars. However, more X-ray-bright stars are located well above the scaling law based on the solar parameter. The scaling law may explain the observations if those stars show a power-law distribution function of active regions with the same power-law index but a 10–100 times larger coefficient. This suggests that X-ray bright stars show more active regions for a given size than the Sun. Since our samples include rapidly rotating stars, we infer that the offset of the X-ray bright stars from the present Sun-based scaling law is due to the enhancement of the surface magnetic field generation by their rapid rotation.
Low-level Carbon Monoxide Line Polarization in Two Protoplanetary Disks: HD 142527 and IM Lup
Authors: Stephens Ian W. , Fernández-López Manuel , Li Zhi-Yun , Looney Leslie W. , Teague Richard 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Magnetic fields are expected to play an important role in accretion processes for circumstellar disks. However, measuring the magnetic field morphology is difficult, especially when given that polarimetric (sub)millimeter continuum observations may not trace the fields in most disks. The Goldreich–Kylafis effect suggests that line polarization is perpendicular or parallel to the magnetic field direction. We attempt to observe CO(2−1), 13CO(2−1), and C18O(2−1) line polarization toward HD 142527 and IM Lup, which are large and bright protoplanetary disks. We use spatial averaging and spectral integration to search for signals in both disks, and we detect a potential CO(2−1) Stokes Q signal toward both disks. The total CO(2−1) polarization fractions are 1.57% ± 0.18% and 1.01% ± 0.10% for HD 142527 and IM Lup, respectively. Our Monte Carlo simulations indicate that these signals are marginal. We also stack Stokes parameters based on the Keplerian rotation, but no signal was found. Across the disk traced by dust of HD 142527, the 3σ upper limits for

at 05 (∼80 au) resolution are typically less than 3% for CO(2−1) and 13CO(2−1) and 4% for C18O(2−1). For IM Lup the 3σ upper limits for these three lines are typically less than 3%, 4%, and 12%, respectively. Upper limits based on our stacking technique are up to a factor of ∼10 lower, although stacking areas can potentially average out small-scale polarization structure. We also compare our continuum polarization at 1.3 mm to observations at 870 μm from previous studies. The polarization in the northern dust trap of HD 142527 shows a significant change in morphology and an increase in

as compared to 870 μm. For IM Lup, the 1.3 mm polarization may be more azimuthal and has a higher

than at 870 μm.
Structural Evolution in Massive Galaxies at z ∼ 2
Authors: Tadaki Ken-ichi , Belli Sirio , Burkert Andreas , Dekel Avishai , Förster Schreiber Natascha M. , Genzel Reinhard , Hayashi Masao , Herrera-Camus Rodrigo , Kodama Tadayuki , Kohno Kotaro , Koyama Yusei , Lee Minju M. , Lutz Dieter , Mowla Lamiya , Nelson Erica J. , Renzini Alvio , Suzuki Tomoko L. , Tacconi Linda J. , Übler Hannah , Wisnioski Emily , Wuyts Stijn 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We present 0.″2 resolution Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations at 870 μm in a stellar mass–selected sample of 85 massive (

) star-forming galaxies (SFGs) at

in the CANDELS/3D-Hubble Space Telescope fields of UDS and GOODS-S. We measure the effective radius of the rest-frame far-infrared (FIR) emission for 62 massive SFGs. They are distributed over wide ranges of FIR size from

to

. The effective radius of the FIR emission is smaller by a factor of

than the effective radius of the optical emission and is smaller by a factor of

than the half-mass radius. Taking into account potential extended components, the FIR size would change only by ∼10%. By combining the spatial distributions of the FIR and optical emission, we investigate how galaxies change the effective radius of the optical emission and the stellar mass within a radius of 1 kpc,

. The compact starburst puts most of the massive SFGs on the mass–size relation for quiescent galaxies (QGs) at z ∼ 2 within 300 Myr if the current star formation activity and its spatial distribution are maintained. We also find that within 300 Myr, ∼38% of massive SFGs can reach the central mass of

, which is around the boundary between massive SFGs and QGs. These results suggest an outside-in transformation scenario in which a dense core is formed at the center of a more extended disk, likely via dissipative in-disk inflows. Synchronized observations at ALMA 870 μm and James Webb Space Telescope 3–4 μm will explicitly verify this scenario.
To Power the X-Ray Plateaus of Gamma-Ray Bursts through Larger Amplitude Electromagnetic Waves
Authors: Du Shuang 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The origin of the gamma-ray burst (GRB) X-ray plateau, especially the internal plateau, is still unclear, but it could be related to a GRB’s magnetar central engine. It is generally believed that the spin-down power of the magnetar is injected into forward external shock; however, we propose here that most of the power will be dissipated behind the GRB jet through a larger amplitude electromagnetic wave. Based on this proposal, the relevant physical conditions and observational implications are analyzed and discussed, and various kinds of X-ray light curves could be reproduced. Although the chromatic multiband afterglow in the standard external afterglow fireball model is still a matter of debate, we can naturally explain this feature through this proposal, i.e., the electrons generating the X-ray plateau and emitting the optical afterglow are accelerated by different mechanisms. It is emphasized that both the GRB jet and the spin-down wind should have significant observational consequences in the magnetar scenario, and should be focused equally in GRB physics.
Reaction Rate Sensitivity of the Production of γ-Ray Emitting Isotopes in Core-collapse Supernovae
Authors: Hermansen Kirby , Couch Sean M. , Roberts Luke F. , Schatz Hendrik , Warren MacKenzie L. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Radioactive isotopes produced in core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe) provide useful insights into the underlying processes driving the collapse mechanism and the origins of elemental abundances. Their study generates a confluence of major physics research, including experimental measurements of nuclear reaction rates, astrophysical modeling, and γ-ray observations. Here we identify the key nuclear reaction rates to the nucleosynthesis of observable radioactive isotopes in explosive silicon burning during CCSNe. Using the nuclear reaction network calculator SkyNet and current REACLIB reaction rates, we evolve temperature–density–time profiles of the innermost 0.45 M
⊙ ejecta from the core collapse and explosion of a 12 M
⊙ star. Individually varying 3403 reaction rates by factors of 100, we identify 141 reactions that cause significant differences in the isotopes of interest, namely, 43K, 47Ca, 44,47Sc, 44Ti, 48,51Cr, 48,49V, 52,53Mn, 55,59Fe, 56,57Co, and 56,57,59Ni. For each of these reactions, we present a novel method to extract the temperature range pertinent to the nucleosynthesis of the relevant isotope; the resulting temperatures lie within the range T = 0.47–6.15 GK. Limiting the variations to within 1σ of STARLIB reaction rate uncertainties further reduces the identified reactions to 48 key rates, which can be used to guide future experimental research. Complete results are presented in tabular form.
Enfants-maîtres
Authors: Fryd Adela 
Published: September 2020

Les enfants-maîtres sont des enfants qui se présentent sans symptômes. Ce qui les caractérise, c’est une capricieuse tyrannie. Celle-ci fait valoir la puissance d’un « je veux » qui n’accepte ni les termes de la frustration ni ceux du manque, les enfermant ainsi dans une moicracie sans fissures. Par le biais de la description de cas cliniques, nous exposons la tentative d’une écoute psychanalytique adéquate qui a pour but de pénétrer la carapace de ces enfants presque imperturbables. Ces enfants, en effet, ne se posent pas de questions, ils ne sont pas non plus disposés à remettre en question leur dire ou leurs actes.
Le disque, agent d’une subversion intégrale de la musique de tradition orale
Authors: Fariji Anis 
Published: September 2020

L’introduction du disque dans le domaine de la tradition musicale orale y opère une rupture tout aussi abrupte qu’intégrale. D’un côté, en tant qu’instance d’objectivation, l’enregistrement ébranle le statut ontologique de la forme musicale orale ; celle‑ci, en étant fixée sur le support technique, acquiert une réalité matérielle propre et peut dès lors s’affranchir du milieu traditionnel dans lequel elle demeurait enclose. D’un autre côté, en sa qualité de marchandise, le disque porte ce renversement ontologique à une dimension universelle, en conséquence de quoi la forme musicale incorpore les effets de la marchandisation massive. Il s’ensuit d’une telle subversion un phénomène esthétique de désenchantement. Cet article analyse ce phénomène dans le contexte culturel du monde arabe à travers trois aspects symptomatiques : 1. une rationalité esthétique accrue ; 2. l’intrusion de l’hétérogène dans la forme musicale ; 3. la réification esthétique. Il se réfère en cela à la pensée de la Théorie critique, et plus particulièrement à certaines catégories développées par Walter Benjamin et Theodor Adorno.
مرسوم للسلطان الغوري
Authors: جرجس مجدي 
Published: September 2020

The main purpose of this paper is to edit and study a unique unknown decree of al-Ġūrī (1501‑1516 AD). The document is of great importance for the Diplomatics and History disciplines; especially the Mamluk Studies. This decree has special features that allow us to elaborate the minutes of drafting such documents, and how to use it in writing history. However, the diplomatical study (description of the document, its history at the host archive, and the detailed study of its form and context) showed significant aspects of its content and circumstances. On the other hand, the text sheds more light in al‑Ġūrī era, and the history of the churches, monasteries, and the Coptic community at whole.
Of onions and men: Report of cavitary community acquired pneumonia due to <em>Burkholderia cepacia</em> complex in an immunocompetent patient and review of the literature
Authors: Manglani Ravi , Sherman Ester , Shengelia Anna , Epelbaum Oleg 
Published: September 2020

Burkholderia cepacia complex consists of highly antibiotic resistant gram negative bacilli that are plant symbionts and also potential agents of human infection. This bacterial family’s claim to fame in clinical medicine is as the scourge of cystic fibrosis patients, in whom it is a notorious respiratory pathogen. Outside of cystic fibrosis, it rarely comes to mind as an etiology of community acquired pneumonia with or without lung cavitation in immunocompetent hosts. We describe a case of an otherwise healthy, community-dwelling man who presented with subacute cavitary lung disease, the causative organism of which turned out to be Burkholderia cepacia complex. Our report is accompanied by a review of the literature, which identified an additional eleven cases in the same category. We analyze all of the available cases for the emergence of any identifiable patterns or peculiarities.
Geospatial clustering of meningitis: an early warning system (hotspot) for potential meningitis outbreak in upper east region of Ghana
Authors: Akyereko Ernest , Ameme Donne , Nyarko Kofi , Asiedu-Bekoe Franklin , Sackey Samuel , Issah Kofi , Wuni Baba , Kenu Ernest 
Published: September 2020

Objective: We mapped and generated hot spots for potential meningitis outbreak from existing data in Upper East region, Ghana.Design: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in 2017Data Source: Meningitis data in the Upper East Region from January 2007, to December 2016.Main outcome measure: We used spatial tools in Quantum Geographic Information System (QGIS) and Geoda to draw choropleth map of meningitis incidence, case fatality and hotspot for potential meningitis outbreak
Results: A total of 2312 meningitis cases (suspected and confirmed) were recorded from 2016-2017 with median incidence of 15.0cases/100,000 population (min 6.3, max 47.8). Median age of cases was 15 years (IQR: 6-31 years). Most (44.2%) of those affected were 10 years and below. Females (51.2%) constituted the highest proportion. Median incidence from 2007-2011 was 20cases/100,000 population (Min 11.3, Max 39.9) whilst from 2012-2016 was 11.1cases/100,000 populations (Min 6.3, Max 47.8). A total of 28 significant hotspot sub-districts clusters (p=0.024) were identified with 7 High-high risk areas as potential meningitis outbreak spots.Conclusion: The occurrence of meningitis is not random, spatial cluster with high –high-risk exist in some sub-districts. Overall meningitis incidence and fatality rate have declined in the region with district variations. Districts with high meningitis incidence and fatality rates should be targeted for intervention.Keywords: meningitis outbreak, geospatial clustering, Upper East Region, meningitis incidence, GhanaFunding: Author EA was supported by the West Africa Health Organization (Ref.: Prog/A17IEpidemSurveillN°57212014/mcrt).
Performance Evaluation of Genetic Algorithm and Simulated Annealing in Solving Kirkman Schoolgirl Problem.
Authors: Oyeleye Christopher A , Dayo-Ajayi Victoria O , Abiodun Emmanuel , Bello Alabi O 
Published: September 2020

This paper provides performance evaluation of Genetic Algorithm and Simulated Annealing in view of their software complexity and Simulation runtime. Kirkman Schoolgirl is about arranging fifteen schoolgirls into five triplets in a week with a distinct constraint of no two schoolgirl must walk together in a week. The developed model was simulated using Matlab version R2015a. The performance evaluation of both Genetic algorithm and Simulated Annealing was carried out in terms of program size, program volume, program effort and the intelligent content of the program. The results obtained show that the runtime for GA and SA are 11.23sec and 6.20sec respectively. The program size for GA and SA are 2.01kb and 2.21kb, respectively. The lines of code for GA and SA are 324 and 404, respectively. The program volume for GA and SA are 1121.58 and 3127.92, respectively. The program effort for GA and SA are 135021.70 and 30633.26 respectively, while the intelligent content of the program for GA and SA are 72.461 and 41.06, respectively. Both Algorithms are good solvers, however it can be concluded that Genetic Algorithm outperformed simulated Annealing in most of the evaluated parameters. Keywords: Genetic Algorithm, Simulated Annealing, Kirkman Schoolgirl, software complexity and simulation runtime