bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Car-Ownership and Income on Work and Non-Work Trip of Low-Income Households
Authors: Busari  , Adebayo O. , Samuel A. , Kehinde O. , Joshua O. , Olaniyi A. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This research assessed the influence of car ownership on both work trips and non-work trips in a semi urban industrial settlement, Ota, Ogun State. This was achieved with the distribution of One thousand five hundred (1500) question forms for nine months in the study area. Information on the socio-economic parameters, car ownership, modal split and volume of trips of respondents were analyzed to develop a multiple regression model for the analysis. This was done for for all trip types (both work and non-work trip). The data was analyzed using SPSS version 23 software. The linear regression model explains 70.2% of the variance of the data. The positive value of the model coefficient showed that the higher the income and car ownership, then the higher the volume of trip. This analysis was done on the aggregate level (work and non-work trip). However, the trip is expected to go up by 8.4 unit when car ownership goes up by 1 unit. The coefficient revealed that car ownership had a higher effect on trip than income. The outcome of the research will help policy makers and transportation planners in order to understand the travel behaviour of the study area and similar cities in the world for sustainable transportation and effective transportation planning now and in the foreseeable future.
Government Policies and Engineers’ Roles in Facilitating Nigeria’s Transition to Circular Economy
Authors: Dunmade I.S. , Oyedepo S. , Fayomi O. , Udo M. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
There are ongoing global efforts at changing from the traditional linear economy to a circular economy. Nigeria as the largest economy in Africa cannot afford to lag behind. This study evaluated potential impacts of the current Nigerian resource use and exploitation policies as well as engineering practitioners’ training and practices on Nigeria’s transition to circular economy. The study further attempted to identify changes in government policies and engineering training and practices that would be necessary to facilitate Nigeria’s successful transition to a circular economy. This paper is based on a desk and literature review, a web-based research on government policies, engineering training and engineering practices in Nigeria. Contributions of this study include provision of insights to the government officials on regulations that need to be improved to facilitate Nigeria’s transition to circular economy. It also provided agencies regulating engineering education and engineering practices in Nigeria opportunities to see areas of deficient that may need to be improved for successful transition to a circular economy
Organisational Branding, A Strategic Tool for Engineering Customer Satisfaction in Service Industry: A Study of Selected Banks
Authors: Okafor Uchechukwu C. , Worlu Rowland E. , Obi James N. , Ojile Alice I. , Irawor Josephine E. , Udoh Iboro P. , Sunday Dorcas K. , Solesi Joy O. , Akindele Remilekun B. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractEffective brand strategies cannot be developed without the customers in mind, hence the need to examine how brand strategies affect the behaviours of these customers to yield a good result. The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of organisational branding on the levels of customer patronage. A descriptive and survey design was adopted for the study. The population for this study consist of customers from Wema and Zenith bank within Lagos metropolis. The questionnaire was used in eliciting information from respondents, which contained two sections. Two research questions and hypotheses were raised and tested. The data collected was analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 20.0), for frequency distribution. Further analysis was carried out using linear regression and correlation analysis. From the findings made in the study, there is a significant role played by brand identity in meeting customer expectation and there is a significant effect of brand culture on customer satisfaction. It was recommended that management should be conscious of their peculiar corporate identity once established in order to capitalize on their strengths and opportunities, as well as improve on their weaknesses and address their threats in good time and Managers should strive to create a peculiar brand culture in line with their given brand identity, as the creation of a strong brand culture will enable the staff of the organisation to deliver quality service for good customer satisfaction.
The Impact of Passive and Active Teaching Methods on Students’ Learning Among Secondary School Students in Yenagoa, Bayelsa State
Authors: Funmilayo Diepreye Fapohunda , Adedayo Odukoya Jonathan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to find out the impact of passive and active teaching methods on students’ learning in Yenagoa, Bayelsa State. Pre-test post-test experimental design was adopted for this study. Two hundred secondary school students were randomly selected for this study (X = 14.42; SD = 0.91). The sample was made of 72 males and 124 females. Data was collected via administration of achievement test in Biology with specific focus on Osmosis and Diffusion. ANOVA was used to analyse the data. The findings showed that the overall, active teaching methods have a significant impact on students’ learning than the passive teaching method at p<.05 level for the four conditions (F (3, 192) = 162.03, p=.000). Based on these finding, it was recommended that the Ministry of Education should embark on enlightenment campaign on the need for teachers to employ effective teaching methods in classroom.
Performance of a Limited Charge of R600a and LPG Refrigerants in a Domestic Refrigerator Using R134a Refrigerant in Different Ambient Conditions
Authors: Olatunji O.R , Ohunakin O.S. , Adelekan D.S. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In this work, a slightly modified 100g R134a domestic refrigerator was retrofitted with limited mass charge (30g) of R600a and LPG refrigerants and tested in different ambient temperature conditions (19, 21, 23 and 25 °C). The test rig was fitted with appropriate instrumentation for experimentation. Performance characteristics investigated with the test rig at steady state include evaporator air temperature, discharge temperature and power consumption. Results showed that the retrofitted hydrocarbon refrigerants in the system at the ambient conditions gave power consumption, discharge temperature, condensing pressure lower by 15 – 45 %, 16 – 30 % and 25 – 62 % than R134a refrigerant. In addition, the cabinet temperature of the system with the hydrocarbon refrigerants were higher than R134a by 10 - 60 %. In conclusion, the investigated energetic characteristics of the system improved with reducing ambient temperature and all conditions with infused hydrocarbon refrigerants attained cabinet temperatures lower than -3 °C in accordance to ISO 8187 recommendation for domestic refrigerators.
Index Properties of Aluminum Dross Modified Pavement Geo-material
Authors: Busari Ayobami , Joseph Funmilayo , Ajayi Samuel , Alayande Tolulope , Nwachukwu Joseph , Agbama Deborah 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The recovering of aluminium from aluminium dross waste involves so much cost and energy. As a result, there is a need for its utilization as an engineering material. This research assessed the suitability of aluminium dross waste in improving the index properties of pavement geomaterial. Aluminum dross, a solid waste from aluminum industry was added at 4%, 8%, 12%, and 16% by weight of the lateritic soil sample. Sieve analysis, Atterberg limit, specific gravity test, Compaction test, and California bearing ratio (CBR) were carried out on the samples. The increased addition of aluminium dross to the sample reduced the plasticity index from 15% to 13.8%, which showed an improvement in the soil sample. Also, the CBR value increased from 51.22 to 64.32 with the addition of aluminum dross which signifies increased strength of the stabilized soil sample. The increase in strength of the aluminum dross stabilized soil is due to the good binder–matrix interaction of aluminum dross and the soil. The result of this experimental research showed that the utilization of aluminium dross in improving the strength properties of pavement interlayer proved to be a sustainable alternative.
Assessment Of Air Pollution In A Semi-Urban Industrial Cluster
Authors: Ogbiye A. , Adekalu Kenneth K. , A. Busari Ayobami A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This study assessed the air pollution in a semi urban industrial cluster in Nigeria with special focus on the cement industry. The major pollutants considered in this research were Suspected Particulate Matter (SPM), Oxides of Nitrogen, Sulphur di Oxide (SO2), Carbon Mono Oxide (CO), Lower Explosive Limit (LEL), Hydrogen Sulphide (H2S) and Noise. Industrial Scientific ITX 6 multi-gas analyzer, Land Duo Emission Analyzer, Handheld Aerosol Monitor Model 1055 and Quest Sound Level Meter, Model 2400 were used in the analysis. Also, empirical investigation, as well as reconnaissance surveys were carried out by the administration of well-structured residential and industrial question forms. The result of the analysis showed that there was a 3.1% reduction in the level of SPM measured with lower value than the required limit for 8 hours exposure. Reduced levels of CO and CO2 were observed from the average readings taken from 2014 and 2015 with 24.81% and 31.4% reduction in the average reading respectively for two consecutive years. Noise level detected at the several locations varied from 49.8 to 69.6 dβ.The outcome of the research showed that appropriate measures must be put in place by industries to reduce air pollution now and in the foreseeable future.
Adoption of Total Quality Management in the Educational Sector: Case Study of Engineering Institutions
Authors: Oluwafemi I.J. , Laseinde O. T. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Due to the aspirations of various institutional stakeholders clamoring for improvement in the quality of education in their various institutions, the concept of total quality management has gained so much attention to this regard. In the recent time, several emphases have been made on the need for quality improvement and efforts are been put in place on the possible ways of increasing the standard of education globally. The productivity of any tertiary institution, especially the Engineering colleges is centered on the quality culture of such institutions, also, the customer’s satisfaction is another thing to put into consideration, to achieve the desired productivity. Generally, there are some constructs which are the major critical success factors that enhances quality improvement in any organization, customer satisfaction has been identified as another important factor to put into consideration to achieve optimum quality of products as well as services. This paper gives an insight on how the implementation of Total Quality Management in an Engineering educational system can aid the Quality of Engineering Education.
Analysis of Compressive Strength of Existing Higher Educational Institutions (HEI) Concrete Column using a Schmidt Rebound Hammer
Authors: Ogunbayo B F , Aigbavboa C O , Akinradewo O I 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The Schmidt rebound hammer is principally a surface hardness tester with an apparent theoretical relationship between the strength of hardened concrete block and the rebound number of the hammer. This study analysed compressive strength of some selected concrete columns of Civil Engineering block at Covenant University Ota, using the Schmidt rebound hammer. It is aimed at determining variation in the concrete column strength of the HEI building in relation to standard compressive strength required of a concrete column. Data for the study was collected by carrying our Schmidt rebound hammer test (non-destructive test) on the concrete column within the study area and the rebound value (R) was measured to determine the present compressive strength of the concrete column. In carrying out this experiment, the standard experiment procedure of the Schmidt hammer test was followed. The analysis of the performed nondestructive test on the HEI concrete column was presented through tables and figures. The result of the study shows that there is variation in the compressive strength of the HEI concrete columns sampled using Schmidt rebound hammer test. The result indicated that the average compressive strength gotten through the rebound values of the sampled concrete columns compressive strength falls within the minimum required strength between 25N/mm2 and 30N/mm2 expected of a concrete column of an existing structure. The study therefore, concluded that the concrete columns of the HEI building sampled is safe, stable and it can satisfy the need for which it was built. Furthermore, because of it stability it can resist the load coming to it and this make it habitable for learning.
Application of Mechatronics in Agriculture: A review
Authors: Azeta J. , Bolu C. A. , Alele F. , Daranijo E. O. , Onyeubani P. , Abioye A. A. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Mechatronics has found quite a number of useful applications in agriculture. Agriculture as one of the oldest industries, dating as far back as the nomadic age originally depended solely on human effort, then apprehended animal labour, and then came mechanical advances such as diesel/steam-engine tractors and mechanical tools with hydrostatic power which needed control. The answer to unresolved problems relies on more advances that necessitate the replacement of human intellect to meet the requirements for superior autonomy in more indefinite and unstructured environments. Promising disciplines in this framework include Mechatronics, Large-scale optimization and Complex system automation, and our focus is on the advancement of irrigation system. Some of the applications of mechatronics in agriculture and their processes are discussed to gain insight on the state of the art, advantages and weaknesses of several methods employed.
Analysis of a Multi-Stage finned PCM based storage system for Solar Thermal Power Generation
Authors: Danladi Muhammad Mubarak 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The sensible storage system utilizing a hot and cold tank is the current commercial technology for solar parabolic trough thermal plants. This technology is very expensive, because of its large storage material requirement, two tanks and heat exchanger. It also has high parasitics. The use of phase change material (PCM) offer higher storage capacity per unit mass. The wide operating temperature range (about 100°C) in parabolic trough plants meant that many PCMs with different melting points in series must be used. Investigation of using five PCMs with different melting point resulted into a storage system with storage material inventory higher than that of the two-tank system due to slow discharging rates. In this study, a multistage finned latent heat storage system model was developed and performance analysis was conducted. A model was developed for a four (NaNO3, KNO3/KCl, KNO3 and KOH PCMs) and five (NaNO3, KNO3/KCl, KNO3, KOH and MgCl2/KCl PCMs) stage cascaded storage system. Various charging and discharging mass flow rates were simulated and for each mass flow rate, the length of the storage system that will satisfy the boundary conditions of the plant at a periodically balanced state was determined. Results showed that using A HTF charging and discharging mass flow rate of 0.025kg/s and 0.03kg/s respectively has the highest percentage phase change of 70% meaning better utilization of storage material. Also the four stage cascade was found to have a percentage phase change of 56% which is lower than that of the five stage cascade. Considering a capacity of 875MWhth, which is the capacity suitable for the 6 hours operation of a 50MWe parabolic trough plant, a storage material inventory of about 25, 000 tonnes is required corresponding to a net volumetric specific capacity of 72.8 kWh/m3 which is about 2.5 times that of the existing two tank system. This clearly shows the higher storage density of the multi-stage finned LHS system. The LHS system is passive and thus has very low parasitics compared to the two-tank system.
A Mini Review of Trends towards Automated and Non-Invasive Techniques for Early Detection of Lung Cancer: From Radiomics through Proteogenomics to Breathomics
Authors: Moninuola Funmilayo S. , Adetiba Emmanuel , Oshin Oluwadamilola I. , Atayero Anthony A. , Adeyeye Ademola 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Carcinoma of the Lung is one of the most common cancers in the world and the leading cause of tumor-related deaths. Less than 15% of patients survive 5 years post diagnosis due to its relatively poor prognosis. This has been ascribed to lack of effective diagnostic methods for early detection. Different medical imaging techniques such as chest radiography, Computed Tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) are used in routine clinical practice for tumor detection. These techniques are medically unsatisfactory and inconvenient for patients due to poor diagnostic accuracy. Endobronchial biopsies are the gold standard for diagnosis but have the inherent risk of full or partial invasive procedures. Thus, diagnostic technology that uses data mining algorithms with medical image analysis, generally known as radiomics emerged. Radiomics extracts complex information from conventional radiographic images and quantitatively correlates image features with diagnostic and therapeutic outcomes. In spite of the benefits, radiomics is prone to high false positives and there is no established standard for acquisition of parameters. Further efforts towards outcome improvement led to the proteomic and genomic (proteogenomic) approach to lung cancer detection. Although proteogenomic has a diagnostic edge over traditional techniques, variations in bio-specimen and heterogeneity of lung cancer still possess a major challenge. Recent findings have established that changes normally occur in the gene or protein due to tumor growth in the lungs and this often leads to peroxidation of cell membrane that releases Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) through the breath of Lung Cancer patients. The comprehensive analysis of breath VOCs, which is tagged Breathomics in the literature, unveils opportunities for noninvasive biomarker discovery towards early detection. Breathomics has therefore become the current pace-setter in medical diagnostics research because of its non-invasiveness and cost effectiveness. This paper presents a mini survey of trends in early lung cancer detection from radiomics, through proteogenomic to breathomics.
Creation of a Nigerian Voice Corpus for Indigenous Speaker Recognition
Authors: Akinrinmade Adekunle A. , Adetiba Emmanuel , Badejo Joke A. , Atayero Aderemi A. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
One of the goals of Word Bank’s Identification for Development (ID4D) is the realization of robust digital identification systems as a means of sustainable development priority. ID4D’s most recent report shows about 1.1 billion of the world’s population are yet to be identified for development. Africa represents about half of that number while Nigeria represents about a quarter of Africa’s share. Biometrics is the state-of-the-art approach for identification using human behavioral and/or physiological digitally calibrated traits and one such trait is the voice. The backbone of biometric research is the database employed in the design of biometric systems. Although many voice databases are publicly available such as the THCHS-30 for Chinese and Microsoft Indian language Speech Corpus for Indians, none is currently publicly available or free for Nigerians. The creation of such an indigenous database (or corpus) can open doors to Nigerian automatic speaker recognition as well as for indigenous language, ethnicity, gender, age group and emotion classification amongst others. This work is a first step in the direction of creating a Nigerian Voice Corpus (NVC) to aid indigenous voice biometric research. A voice corpus of popular Nigerians was created by curation of audio samples of 14 women and 23 men from YouTube. The corpus contains 10 different samples of 5 seconds duration for each individual resulting in a total of 370 samples. The created corpus was used to carry out speaker recognition experiment by dividing the audio samples into 25ms non-overlapping frame durations. Silent frames were excluded using short-term spectral energy threshold for Voice Activity Detection (VAD). This was followed by extraction of Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficient (MFCC) as descriptors to discriminate different speakers using Support Vector Machine (SVM) with median Gaussian function. An overall recognition accuracy of 93.24% was achieved demonstrating the feasibility and research potential in this direction.
A Single Stroke Cylinder Rapid Compression Machine for Chemical Kinetic Study at Elevated Pressure and Temperatures
Authors: Nyong Oku , Ebieto Celestine , Woolley Robert , Blakey Simon 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The fabrication of a rapid compression machine (RCM) is in its early phase of design. The machine is designed to enhance the study of ignition delay and validation of detailed kinetics models of fuels. The machine compresses fuel/air mixtures isentropically within 25 to 52 ms with a varying stroke. The combustion chamber design is not fixed and can be adjusted through the threaded shaft lock and within chamber slots. The originality of the facility is the inclusion of a pneumatic piston release mechanism (PPRM), which is pneumatically operated. The current test facility has been characterised by conducting a nonreactive and reactive experiment, the result showed that an obtainable compressed pressure of 21 bar and end gas temperature of approximately 1000 K was achievable within the present facility. The fidelity of the facility was performed with a non-reactive experiment, which experimental pressure profile was seen to follow each other closely showing that the data are highly repeatable within the test condition, the result was free from any form of rebound or disturbance, which would have adversely distort the result. The experiment data was simulated implementing the effective volume approach and was seen to perfectly match with the experiment at both stages of compression. The reactive experiment was demonstrated with heptane/air mixture at stoichiometric condition, TC = 625 ⩽ 689 K. The results show that the experimental pressure traces overlay each other thus signifying a repeatable pressure trace and this demonstrates that the Shef-RCM is operable and ready at its first stage of design for studying the ignition delay time of liquid fuels operating within an engine like conditions and for validating chemical kinetics models.