bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Food Intakes of Diabetes, Hypertension and Heart Disease Patients with Clinical Symptoms of COVID-19 and Asymptomatic Controls.
Authors: Mohseni Houra , Amini Shirin , Abiri Behnaz , Kalantar Mojtaba 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: In recent months, Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global health challenge. Nutrition is a key determining factor of health. In the present research, we assess and compare dietary food groups and nutrient supplements intake of diabetic, hypertensive and heart disease patients with clinical symptoms of COVID-19 and asymptomatic controls.Methods: This retrospective case-control research was conducted on 98 patients with diabetes, hypertension, and/or heart disease that 37 of them were COVID-19 positive with clinical symptoms. Dietary intakes of participants were recorded using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), which was designed and validated for the Iranian population.Results: 54% of all subjects had nutritional supplements consumption in the last 6 months, and there was no significant difference in the type of nutritional supplements between cases and controls. There was no significant difference in the median intake of food groups, in the last year, in metabolic syndrome patients with clinical symptoms of COVID-19 compared to controls. Crud OR shown, adequate consumption of any food groups was not associated with the occurrence of COVID-19. Conclusion: While dietary intake and nutritional supplements may be excellent promise for preventing clinical symptoms of COVID-19, however, up to now, researches are not enough for recommending these supplements above the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) for prevention and/or treatment of COVID-19.
Sleep Apnea and Diabetes Predict Progression of Cardiac Diastolic Dysfunction in Pre-heart Failure Patients: a Prospective Cohort HSCAA&nbsp;Study
Authors: Kidawara Yonekazu , Kadoya Manabu , Morimoto Akiko , Daimon Takashi , Kakutani-Hatayama Miki , Kosaka-Hamamoto Kae , Miyoshi Akio , Konishi Kosuke , Kusunoki Yoshiki , Shoji Takuhito , Goda Akiko , Asakura Masanori , Ishihara Masaharu , Koyama Hidenori 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
[Background] Sleep apnea, a common co-morbid condition of diabetes, has been shown to be associated with established heart failure. However, its role in association of the presence of diabetes in the progression of cardiac diastolic function in pre-heart failure phase is not known. This prospective study is to longitudinally examine the predictive value of sleep apnea and diabetes on progression of left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction in patients without heart disease.[Methods] Among 976 patients registered in HSCAA prospective cohort study, 517 without heart disease (175 type 2 diabetes, 342 non-diabetes) were followed with repeated echocardiography in every 1-3 years for a mean 34.7 months. LV diastolic dysfunction was determined by transmitral early inflow velocity/early diastolic tissue velocity (E/e´) >14. Annual change in E/e’ was calculated by using the slope of the linear regression line calculated from at least 3 echocardiographic measurements. Sleep apnea was determined by an apnomonitor device in conjunction with percutaneous oxygen saturation, and apnea hypopnea index (AHI) was calculated.[Results] Kaplan-Meier analyses revealed that subjects with diabetes or sleep apnea had a significantly (p<0.01) greater risk for LV diastolic dysfunction, with hazards ratio of 2.21 (1.41-3.47) and 2.23 (1.40-3.55), respectively. Subjects with sleep apnea exhibited significantly higher risk for LV diastolic dysfunction in non-diabetic subjects (p<0.01), while showed tendency of higher risk in diabetic subjects (p=0.10). The annual change of E/e’ was significantly and independently associated with both diabetes (β=0.278, p<0.01) and AHI (β=0.138, p<0.01). Finally, ROC analyses revealed that addition of AHI and diabetes to classical risk factors best predicted individuals with fast progression of diastolic dysfunction (annual change of E/e’ >1.0) with an AUC of 0.81.[Conclusions] In patients without heart disease, sleep apnea is an important predictor for progression of LV diastolic dysfunction. Its association is partly confounded, but still independent of the presence of diabetes.
Impact of Pre-percutaneous Coronary Intervention Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction Flow Grade in Patients With ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction and Prediabetes or Diabetes After Successful Newer-generation Drug-eluting Stent Implantation
Authors: Kim Yong Hoon , Her Ae-Young , Jeong Myung Ho , Kim Byeong-Keuk , Hong Sung-Jin , Kim Seunghwan , Ahn Chul-Min , Kim Jung-Sun , Ko Young-Guk , Choi Donghoon , Hong Myeong-Ki , Jang Yangsoo 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Studies comparing long-term clinical outcomes between prediabetes and diabetes based on pre-percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) flow grade in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) after successful PCI with newer-generation drug-eluting stents are limited. We compared 2-year clinical outcomes of these two groups. Methods: Overall, 6448 STEMI patients were divided into two groups: pre-PCI TIMI 0/1 group (n = 4854) and pre-PCI TIMI 2/3 group (n = 1594). Subsequently, these two groups were further divided into patients with normoglycemia, prediabetes, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The major endpoint was the occurrence of major adverse cardiac events (MACEs), defined as all-cause death, recurrent myocardial infarction, or any repeat revascularization. Results: After adjustment, in the pre-PCI TIMI 0/1 group, the cumulative incidence of all-cause death was higher in both prediabetes (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 1.633, p = 0.045) and T2DM (aHR: 2.064, p = 0.002) groups than in the normoglycemia group. In the pre-PCI TIMI 2/3 group, the cumulative incidence of any repeat revascularization was higher in both prediabetes (aHR: 2.511, p = 0.039) and T2DM (aHR: 3.156, p = 0.009) groups than in the normoglycemia group. However, in each group (pre-PCI TIMI 0/1 or 2/3), the cumulative incidences of MACEs and all other clinical outcomes were not significantly different between the prediabetes and T2DM groups. Conclusions: In this retrospective registry study, prediabetes showed worse clinical outcomes similar to those of T2DM regardless of the pre-PCI TIMI flow grade. However, further studies are warranted to confirm these results.
Multilocus Variable Number of Tandem Repeat Analysis for molecular typing of uropathogenic Escherichia coli
Authors: Ranjbar Reza , Dehkordi Farhad Safarpoor , Mashhouri Morteza , Farahani Omid 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was genotyping of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) based on Variable Number of Tandem Repeats (VNTRs) sequences. Methods: E. coli strains isolated from urine samples were included in this study. Seven VNTR loci were subjected to Multilocus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) based on PCR amplification. Then data was analyzed via online mlvaplus software and the information was displayed in the form of MST analysis. Results: A total of 100 E. coli strains were isolated and subjected to the study. MLVA was able to differentiate 56 different genotypes. Also, the technique could classify E. coli isolates in 5 clonal complexes. Based on UPGMA dendrograms, E. coli isolates were classified into 4 clusters (clusters A to D). The strains associated with Complex No. 1 appeared to be dominant pathogens of UPEC in Tehran's patients. The present study provides valuable insights into the genetic relationships of E. coli isolates recovered from clinical cases in a major hospital in Iran. Conclusions: The analysis of MLVA profiles using the MST algorithm showed the usefulness of the MLVA method in the classification of uropathogenic E. coli collected in different periods. We evaluated MLVA in a laboratory equipped with simple molecular equipment. Based on these results, it has been assumed that the E. coli strains were derived from a limited number of clones that have undergo a small genetic change during this period.
Efficacy and safety of a ketogenic diet in children with drug-resistant epilepsy
Authors: Wang Juan , Jiang Li , Guo Yi , Cheng Min 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: To prospectively evaluate the efﬁcacy and safety of a ketogenic diet (KD) in managing seizures in children with drug-resistant epilepsy and identify factors influencing its efﬁcacy in a Chinese cohort. Methods: Ninety-two pediatric patients (55 males, 37 females), aged 3 months to 10 years (29.26±24.18 months), with drug-resistant epilepsy who followed a KD for 1-12 months were included. The efficacy of the KD was evaluated by assessing the seizure frequency, as reported by parents/caregivers. The effects of demographic and clinical variables on patients’ duration on the KD were analyzed.Results: At the 1-, 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-ups, 78.26%, 75%, 80%, and 93.10% of patients were responsive to KD therapy, respectively. Five non-responders at 3 months became responsive by 6 months. Age, disease duration, seizure type, etiology, anti-epileptic drug (AED) type, and KD ratio did not affect treatment efﬁcacy. After the KD, changes in AEDs and electroencephalography and imaging findings were statistically significant (p<0.05). Only 4.34% patients experienced complications requiring medical intervention. Conclusions: KD is an effective and well-tolerated therapy for children with drug-resistant epilepsy. The KD adherence rate largely depends on its efﬁcacy. Genetic information relating to the diet response and synergistic effect between KD and AEDs requires further study. Clinical trial has registered at Chinese clinical trial registry: http://www.chictr.org.cnRegistration numbers: ChiCTR2000031394. Date: (30/03/2020)Availability of data and material: http://www.medresman.org.cn/uc/index.aspxCode availability (software application or custom code): ziyan030815, wangjuan030815
Linear Mixed Modeling of CD4 Cell Counts of HIV Infected Children Treated with Antiretroviral Therapy
Authors: Anjullo Belay Belete , Teni Derbachew Asfaw 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: HIV is a major health problem in the world and failure to implement prevention programs result in an increased number of infections among newborns.The goal of this study was to investigate the evolution and determinants of CD4 cell count among HIV-infected children who were under ART. Methods: We follow-up a cohort of 201 children aged under fifteen years from Oct. 2013-to-Mar. 2017 at Adama Hospital in Ethiopia. To get insight into the data, exploratory data analysis was performed on the change in the longitudinal CD4 cell count. Results: At the baseline the average number of CD4 cell counts was 468.5 cells/mm3 of blood with a standard deviation of 319.11 cells/mm3. Here we employed the random intercept and the random slope linear mixed-effects model to analyze the data. Among predictor variables, observation time, baseline age, WHO clinical stage, history of TB and functional status were determinant factors for the mean change in the square root of CD4 cell count.Conclusions: The finding revealed that; the change in the square root of CD4 cell count increases with an increment of age at diagnosis. Regarding WHO clinical stages of patients, those who were in stage III and stage IV of the HIV/AIDs disease stages relatively had lower CD4 cell counts than stage I patients. This shows the change in the square root of CD4 cell counts of stage III and stage IV patients were 6.43 and 9.28 times lower than stage I patients respectively. Similarly, we noticed observation time, history of TB, and functional status had significantly associated with the mean change in the square root of CD4 cell count.
Alterations in sensorimotor and mesiotemporal cortices and diffuse white matter changes in primary progressive multiple sclerosis detected by adiabatic relaxometry
Authors: Filip Pavel , Dufek Michal , Mangia Silvia , Michaeli Shalom , Bares Martin , Schwarz Daniel , Vojtisek Lubomir 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: The research of primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS) has not been able to capitalize on recent progresses in advanced MRI protocols searching for disease-specific microstructural changes. Methods: Conventional free precession T1 and T2, and rotating frame adiabatic T1ρ and T2ρ maps in combination with diffusion weighted parameters were acquired in 13 PPMS patients and 13 age and sex-matched controls.Results: T1ρ, a marker of crucial relevance for PPMS due to its sensitivity to neuronal loss, revealed large-scale changes in mesiotemporal structures, sensorimotor cortex and cingulate, in combination with diffuse alterations in the white matter and cerebellum. T2ρ, particularly sensitive to local tissue background gradients and thus indicator of iron accumulation, concurred with similar topography of damage, but of lower extent. Moreover, these adiabatic protocols completely dwarfed the outcomes of both conventional T1 and T2 maps and diffusion tensor/kurtosis approaches –methods previously implicated in the MRI research of PPMS.Conclusion: This study introduces adiabatic T1ρ and T2ρ as elegant markers confirming large-scale cortical grey matter, cerebellar and white matter alterations in PPMS invisible to other in vivo biomarkers.
Analysis of risk factors and clinical indicators in bloodstream infections among patients with hematological malignancy : a retrospective study
Authors: Ma Yating , Yang Ming , Bao Jinfeng , Wang Chengbin 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: The incidence of bloodstream infection caused by bacteremia is more common in patients with hematological malignancy. It is important to distinguish infectious episodes from non-infectious episodes. The present study was aimed to describe epidemiology and clinical indexes for in-hospital infection of hematological malignancy patients.Methods: Single-center retrospective research was performed on hematological malignancy patients admitted to our hospital from July 2015 to March 2018. Laboratory and clinical information from 322 febrile patients were acquired. These episodes were divided by blood culture results into two groups: (1) blood culture positive group, (2) blood culture negative group.Results: In the 322 febrile cases, 81 (25.2%) patients were blood culture positive, and among them, Gram-negative bacteria (51.9%) were more isolated than Gram-positive bacteria (32.1%) and fungi (7.4%). Gram-negative bacteria were more likely to have a drug resistance than Gram-positive bacteria. Independent risk factors revealed that patients with complications, high levels of procalcitonin (PCT), glucose, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and d-dimer (D-D), and low concentration of albumin were correlated with occurrence of infection. PCT, IL-6 and D-D performed well in differentiating not only the infection group from the non-infection group, but also in the Gram-negative group from the Gram-positive group with the areas under the curve all above 0.75.Conclusions: We analyzed the risk factors for bloodstream infection in patients with hematological malignancy, the distribution of bacteria, antibiotics resistance and the changes of clinical parameters. This single-center retrospective study may provide clinicians insight to the diagnosis and treatment of infection.
Lay Social Workers implementing a task-sharing approach to managing depression in Vietnam
Authors: Chau Leena W. , Murphy Jill , Cong Nguyen Vu , Lou Hayami , Khanh Huyen , Thu Trang , Minas Harry , O'Neil John 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background

While depression is a leading contributor to burden of disease in Vietnam, there is a critical gap in depression care due to the shortage of mental health specialists and extremely limited mental health services in general health care settings. We have previously reported the effectiveness of a supported self-management (SSM) task-sharing intervention for depression, delivered by social collaborators (lay social workers). The purpose of this study was to identify factors influencing the effectiveness of delivery of SSM by social collaborators and delineate areas for further attention that are relevant for scale-up.
Methods

A hundred and ten (110) key informant interviews were conducted with three stakeholder groups (patients, social collaborators, experts) from eight provinces in Vietnam. Participants were identified through records from a recently completed randomized trial that showed the effectiveness of SSM in community-based settings in Vietnam. Qualitative descriptive methods and thematic analysis were used to examine the interviews. A coding framework and corresponding themes were developed deductively, based on the findings from the randomized trial and the literature, and through inductive analysis, to describe the contextual factors that impacted the social collaborators’ role in successfully implementing the SSM intervention.
Results

Our analysis identified the following benefits of working with social collaborators: 1) increased awareness of mental health in the family and community; 2) reduced stigma; 3) a better understanding that depression is treatable; 4) increased help-seeking; and 5) improved access to care. There were also significant challenges, including social collaborator characteristics (age, education, pre-existing training and skills) and contextual factors influencing their work (roles and responsibilities, training, compensation, support from government).
Conclusions

Engaging social collaborators in the delivery of SSM in the community can help fill a critical gap in depression care in Vietnam. However, several contextual challenges that are an impediment to increased engagement and sustainable integration into health and social systems need to be resolved through policy change to regulate their practice, define their scope of work, and provide adequate remuneration.
KOREKSI ATAS : PERSPEKTIF “ONTOLOGI” DALAM FILSAFAT ILMU (Telaah Atas Buku Filsafat Ilmu Tulisan Jujun S. Suriasumantri)
Authors: Ghafir Abdul 
Published: October 2020

<span class="fontstyle0">Each discipline of Sciences has a scope of discussion on the basis of epistemology which is the reference in the discussion. Something particular epistemology may be a reference from some science or may be di erent epistemology. . However, the message to be conveyed by a particular science, should be di erent, at least in terms of the speci cations and provisions applicable in that science, including in terms of the terminology used. If this is ignored, it will cause confusion of understanding and in turn the message to be delivered discipline does not reach the target, even it raises the problem. Moreover, between Philosophy and Science, there is clearly a signi cant epistemological di erence. If Philosophy departs from the spirit of contemplative thinking that is not legitimated with the involution of any discipline, in a free and underserved discourse. While Science departs from certain rules, even depended on a particular discipline.  is means that speaking of Philosophy must be independent of any discipline, speci cation and legitimacy context.  is paper attempts to describe some of the terms applicable in Philosophy of Sciences which should not have happened and is legitimate to be corrected, otherwise it can be interpreted to straighten understanding. Namely the use of the term “Philosophy” which is quali ed by the term “Science” and the term “ontology” on the book Philosophy of Science (A Popular Introduction), by Jujun S. Suriasumantri published by: Pustaka Sinar Harapan, Jakarta, 1996.</span> <br /><br />
HUMANISME PENDIDIKAN : KRITIK TERHADAP MATERI SEJARAH KEBUDAYAAN ISLAM DI MTS
Authors: Saifuddin Khamim , Ibda Hamidulloh 
Published: October 2020

Dewasa ini iklim kehidupan sosial masyarakat mengalami goncangan peradaban. Semua tidak bisa dilepaskan dengan pendidikan yang diberikan. Mata pelajaran Sejarah Kebudayaan Islam sebagai salah satu mata pelajaran wajib sangat berkontribusi mewarnai pembentukan pola fikir anak ke depan. Tulisan ini bermaksud memberikan kritik wacana terhadap materi tersebut dengan menggunakan sudut pandang konsep humanisme pendidikan. Dalam artikel ini pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif di rasa tepat digunakan melihat obyek yang diteliti, sedangkan metode pengambilan datanya bersumber dari <em>library research</em>. Khusus materi di tingkat MTs, penulis melihat ada beberapa kejanggalan tentang materi tersebut. Pengambilan materi terlalu mengedepankan masalah kekerasan yang berimbas pada intoleransi meski tidak bisa dimungkiri hal tersebut benar-benar terjadi dalam perjalanan sejarah. Kesetaraan gender, semangat pembebasan dan psikologi anak kurang diberikan secara berimbang sehingga muncul sebuah stigma bahwa materi ini kurang proporsional dan hanya memberikan pemahaman tentang semangat menindas dan mengalahkan
Removal of dissolved organic nitrogen amino acid from aqueous solutions using activated carbon based on date pits
Authors: Belhamdi Badreddine , Merzougui Zoulikha , Laksaci Hamza , Belabed Chemseddine , Boudiaf Salim , Trari Mohamed 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Nitrogenous disinfection by-products (N-DBPs) in chlorinated drinking water are receiving increasing attention due to their elevated toxicities. An effective strategy to control N-DBP formation is to reduce their nitrogenous precursors (amino acids) before disinfection. This work was undertaken to study free amino acid l-tyrosine adsorption onto two activated carbons synthesized from date pits. The amino acid is plentiful in low-molecular weight algal organic matter, which helps the formation of nitrogenous and carbonaceous disinfection by-products during water treatment. The equilibrium adsorption of l-tyrosine was studied on well-characterized activated carbons prepared by KOH (ACK) and ZnCl2 (ACZ) activation, possessing textural properties evaluated by SEM analysis, N2 adsorption–desorption isotherms and FT-IR spectroscopy. Batch experiments were conducted to determine the activated carbons’ adsorption capacities. The effect of contact time, initial adsorbate concentration, solution pH, and temperature were studied. The Langmuir model gave the best fit for the experimental data of l-tyrosine with a maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of 178.57 and 102.04 mg·g−1 on ACK and ACZ, respectively. Thermodynamic parameters ΔG°, ΔH° and ΔS° were also estimated for the adsorption study. The adsorption was spontaneous and exothermic, and involved physisorption.