bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of Cardiorespiratory Fitness Standards for Working Memory Using Receiver Operating Curves In 15-Year-Old Adolescents
Authors: Weber Vinicius Muller Reis , Fernandes Daniel Zanardini , Volpato Leonardo Alex , Bueno Maria Raquel Oliveira , Romanzini Marcelo , Castro‐Piñero Jose , Ronque Enio Ricardo Vaz 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Working memory performance is associated with better academic achievements in children and adolescents, and it is positively related to CRF. However, what level of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) discriminates higher working memory performance is not known. The purpose of this study was to identify thresholds of CRF linked to working memory in adolescents. Data of 141 adolescents (53.2% girls) were collected (14.9 years) from a cross-sectional study during the year 2019. CRF was assessed by the 20-m shuttle run test, and maximal oxygen uptake were calculated by Mahar´s equation. Working memory was evaluated by the Corsi blocks test and the performance was classified by percentiles. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to identify CRF thresholds. The results of ROC analysis indicated that CRF could be used to discriminate working memory in adolescents. CRF thresholds of ³45.03 ml.kg-1.min-1for boys and ³36.63 ml.kg-1.min-1for girls were found to be indicative of “normal” performance in working memory. ConclusionCRF could discriminate low and normal working memory performance in 14-16 years old adolescents. These thresholds could allow for earlier identification and intervention of low working memory performance by the CRF.
Development and Feasibility Testing of a Play-Based Psychosocial Intervention for Reduced Patient Stress in a Paediatric Care Setting: Experiences from Pakistan
Authors: Rasheed Muneera , Bharuchi Vardah , Mughis Waliyah , Hussain Ayesha 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Hospitalization can be a source of great stress for children and their families. In high-income countries there are specialized staff to help children cope using different techniques including play. However, it is a major challenge in LMIC due to lack of financial and untrained human resource. The objective of study was to develop and test the feasibility and acceptance of a psychology trainee-delivered model postulated on reducing stress of hospitalized children and their caregivers. The paper describes the development of the model and feedback from the stakeholders.Methods: This feasibility study was conducted in the Paediatrics ward of a quaternary care private hospital in Pakistan. Intervention was developed using a theory of change model after surveying parental stress in relation to their child’s illness. At baseline, most parental negative emotions were identified to stem from the fear of the child relapsing, and seeing their child irritable, distressed or in pain. The package was a play-based psychosocial intervention informed by principles of Nurturing Care Framework and play therapy delivered by psychology trainees. The trainees were supervised by clinical psychologists. Children between birth to 6 years admitted in the general ward (non-intensive unit) and their parents were eligible for the intervention. Parents receiving the intervention were interviewed for their stress and feedback about the service using surveys. The trainees delivering the intervention presented their feedback as a written qualitative open-ended narrative.Results: The findings indicated the intervention when delivered on the bedside was feasible and acceptable to both parents and trainees. 45% of parents reported play intervention to be one of 3 key factors in improving their experience during hospital stay. Only 5% of parents reported feeling stressed about the child illness after the intervention. 90-96% parents felt respected, listened to, and understood by the therapists. Thematic analysis of the feedback by trainees and physicians indicated the internship to be a useful experience and a new avenue for professional life. Conclusions: The authors conclude that psychology trainees can feasibly deliver a play-based intervention under supervision for reduced stress in children and their parents during hospitalization with mutual benefits. A trainee delivered model could be a strategy to deal with shortage of trained human resource in LMICs.
Rage-txnip Axis Drives Inflammation in Alzheimer`s by Targeting aβ to Mitochondria in Microglia
Authors: Perrone Lorena , Abate Claudia , Uberti Daniela Letizia , Djelloul Mehdi , Sbai Oualid , Ieraci Alessandro 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia characterized by progressive memory loss and cognitive decline. Although neuroinflammation and oxidative stress are well-recognized features of AD, their correlations with the early molecular events characterizing the pathology are not yet well clarified. Here we demonstrated the role of RAGE-TXNIP axis in neuroinflammation in relation to amyloid-beta (Aβ) burden in both invivo and in-vitro models. In the hippocampus of 5xFAD mice, microglial activation correlates with increased TXNIP expression, and TXNIP silencing or its pharmacological inhibition prevented the neuroinflammation in those mice. TXNIP increased expression has been found also in human subjects affected by AD and other dementia when plasma samples were analyzed, suggesting TXNIP as a putative biomarker of neurodegeneration and cognitive decline. To better elucidate whether a mechanistic link between RAGE-TXNIP axis and AD exist, we investigated how TXNIP is involved in Aβ intracellular trafficking downstream RAGE. Indeed, TXNIP is an α-arrestin protein involved in endocytosis. We found TXNIP associated to RAGE and Aβ. RAGE-TXNIP axis was required for targeting Aβ into mitochondria, as shown in primed primary microglia exposed to Aβ dimers. Silencing of TXNIP or inhibition of RAGE activation reduced Aβ transport from the cellular surface to mitochondria. Detrimental effect of Aβ in mitochondria has been also confirmed by evaluating increased mitochondrial- and intracellular- oxidative stress. When RAGE-TXNIP axis is down-regulated, mitochondrial functionality was restored and Aβ toxicity was mitigated. Furthermore, Aβ transport into mitochondria and subsequent mitochondrial dysfunction drove inflammation in microglia cells via NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and down-regulation of RAGE-TXNIP axis was able to efficiently mitigate Aβ proinflammatory effect. Overall this data suggest RAGE-TXNIP axis is required for NLRP3 inflammasome activation induced by Aβ in microglia.Our work shed light on novel mechanism of action of RAGE-TXNIP axis in microglia, which is intertwined with Aβ and ultimately causes inflammation, suggesting TXNIP as a druggable target to be better deepened for AD.
A comparative study of oblique lumbar interbody fusion combined posterior percutaneous internal fixation and the anterior-posterior combined surgery in the treatment of single-segment lumbar tuberculosis
Authors: Liu Zuozhong , Huang Lili , Yuan Jiaqin , Shao Gaohai , Li Bo , Deng Zhongliang 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Objectives:To study the clinical effect of OLIF channel combined with posterior percutaneous pedicle screw fixation in the treatment of single-segment lumbar tuberculosis.Methods:Using a retrospective controlled study, patients who were diagnosed with single-segment lumbar tuberculosis were divided into the minimal invasive group(the anterior debridement and fusion by OLIF technique combined percutaneous pedicle screw group) and the open group(the anterior-posterior combined surgery group) according to different surgical methods from July 2016 to October 2018,then the surgical-related parameters and surgical effects of the two groups of patients were compared.Results:The minimal invasive group was superior to the open group in operation time, abdominal incision length,intraoperative blood loss,postoperative drainage, and CPK,the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05);The VAS scores of low back pain after 3 days,3mounths and last follow-up of surgery was significantly lower than before surgery in both goups (P<0.05), which in the minimal invasive group was significantly lower than those in the open group at 3days after surgery （P<0.05）,but no significance in other time point(P＞0.05).The ODI index, ESR, CRP before operation, 3 months and the last follow-up after surgery were not statistically different between two groups(P＞0.05),and significant difference in the group(P<0.05). Postoperative lumbar lordosis increased significantly in the two groups after operation, and there was no statistical difference between the groups at each time point(P＞0.05).Conclusion:The clinical effect of OLIF channel combined with posterior percutaneous pedicle screw fixation in the treatment of single-segment lumbar tuberculosis is not different from the anterior-posterior combined surgery, but the trauma is smaller and the recovery is faster in the former, which has certain advantages in clinic.
Capital Flight, Hard Mineral Resources Exports and Political Governance Crisis in the Central African Republic: How Far We have Learned?
Authors: Kossele Thales Pacific Yapatake 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach to cointegration is applied to examine the role of political governance crisis in the relationship between hard mineral resources exports particularly diamond, and gold and Capital flight in the Central African Republic over the period of 1978-2010. The results of short-run show that official development assistance, gross national expenditures have a negative and significant impact on capital flight while the interaction of political governance crisis and hard mineral resources, GDP per capita have a positive and significant effect with capital flight. Moreover, governance crisis, exports of hard mineral resources has a negative and insignificant impact on capital flight. The results of the long run show a negative and significant effect on governance crisis, official development assistance and gross of national expenditures. The interaction term between hard mineral resources and GDP growth have a positive and significant effect on capital flight. However, export of hard mineral resources exhibits a positive but insignificant effect on capital flight. Without strong action to stop and promote political governance stability and the implementation of appropriate reforms at institutional level in CAR’s hard minerals resources sector, success in the fight against capital flight is unlikely.
Radioembolisation with Holmium-166 Polylactic Acid Microspheres: Distribution of Residual Activity and Flow Dynamics During Planning and Treatment Procedures
Authors: Freesmeyer Martin , Seifert Philipp , Gühne Falk , Kühnel Christian , Drescher Robert 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Purpose:To evaluate the application dynamics and residual Ho-166 activity during and after transarterial radioembolisation planning and treatment procedures, and to assess the distribution and predilection sites of residual activity in the proprietary delivery set and microcatheter.Methods:16 planning (Holmium Scout Dose, HSD) and 12 therapeutic radioembolisation (RE) procedures were performed with poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) microspheres loaded with Ho-166. The amount and distribution of residual activity was assessed by dose calibrator measurements and SPECT imaging. For 8 HSD and 5 RE procedures, the dynamic of the microsphere flow were assessed. For HSD procedures, different injection methods were evaluated. Results:The mean residual activities for HSD and RE procedures were 20.5 +/-9.7% (range 7.2-44.1%) and 4.8 +/-1.2% (range 3.5-6.9%), respectively. HSD residual activity could be decreased significantly with injections methods similar to RE procedures, from 31.2 +/-9.6% to 17.7 +/-6.9% and 15.0 +/-6.0% (p=0.005). Main predilection sites of residual microspheres were the 3-way stopcock (HSD) and the outflow needle connector (RE). During RE procedures, >80% of the injected activity is transferred during the first three injection cycles.Conclusion: After treatment procedures with PLLA microspheres, mean residual activity in the delivery set is reproducibly low and between reported values for glass and resin microspheres. The majority of microspheres is transferred to the patient during the second and third injection cycle. An estimated residual waste of 3%-4% may be included in the treatment activity calculation. For planning procedures, a modified injection technique should be used to avoid high residual activities.
Prognostic Significance of Preoperative Serum Uric Acid-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients Undergoing Postoperative Transarterial Chemoembolization: A Propensity Score-Matching Study
Authors: Hu Shan-shan , Liu Li-heng , Tang Li-ping 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for 85%–90% of primary liver cancers and is the seventh most common cancer worldwide. The purpose of this study is to determine an innovative and effective clinical index for prognosis prediction in HCC patients. MethodsA total of 132 patients with HCC were included in this research. A cohort of 72 cases was obtained through propensity score-matching. Patients were divided into high- and low-level groups based on the ratio of preoperative uric acid levels to lymphocytes. The differences in clinical characteristics and survival indicators were compared between the two groups.ResultsThere was a statistical difference between uric acid-to-lymphocyte ratio (ULR) level and tumor size (P < 0.01). Multivariate analysis showed that ULR (P = 0.03) and tumor size (P = 0.03) were independent risk factors for overall survival (OS). ULR (P < 0.04) and diabetes (P = 0.04) were independent risk factors for progression-free survival (PFS) in HCC patients. Further survival analysis of the entire cohort and propensity score-matching cohort showed that the OS and PFS in the high-level ULR group were significantly shorter than those in the low-level ULR group (log-rank P < 0.001). Conclusion This study demonstrated that ULR is a marker of poor prognosis in postoperative HCC patients, while high ULR levels predicted shorter OS and PFS.
Performance of Plasma Amyloid β, Total Tau and Neurofilament Light Chain Levels for Alzheimer’s Disease Identification
Authors: Jiao Bin , Liu Hui , Guo Lina , Liao Xinxin , Zhou Yafang , Weng Ling , Xiao Xuewen , Zhou Lu , Wang Xin , Jiang Yaling , Yang Qijie , Zhu Yuan , Zhou Lin , Zhang Weiwei , Wang Junling , Yan Xinxiang , Tang Beisha , Shen Lu 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundRobust studies have focused on blood-based biomarkers for diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), while the results were still controversary and failed verified in different cohorts. The aim of this study was to detect the levels of plasma amyloid β (Aβ), total tau (t-tau), and neurofilament light chain (NfL) in patients with AD and cognitive normal (CN) subjects, and clarify their associations with Aβ, t-tau, and phosphorylated tau (p-tau) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) as well as brain amyloid PET, and calculate the diagnostic efficiency of these characteristics regarding AD.Methods Plasma Aβ42, Aβ40, t-tau and NfL levels were detected by single-molecule array (Simoa) in 379 AD patients and 153 CN subjects. Additionally, lumbar puncture was conducted in 125 AD patients to detect Aβ42, Aβ40, t-tau, and p-tau levels. Brain amyloid PET was performed in 52 AD patients to identify brain amyloid deposition levels. Correlation analysis were performed between plasma biomarkers and typical biomarkers of AD, including CSF core biomarkers and amyloid PET burden. Finally, the diagnostic value of plasma biomarkers was further assessed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.ResultsCompared with the CN group, plasma Aβ42 and Aβ42/Aβ40 levels were significantly lower in AD patients, while Aβ40, t-tau and NfL levels were higher in AD patients. Among the AD patients, plasma Aβ42 was positively correlated with CSF Aβ42 (r = 0.195, p = 0.03) and Aβ42/Aβ40 (r = 0.208, p = 0.04). Moreover, plasma NfL was positively correlated with age, disease course and severity. The diagnostic model with combined plasma Aβ42, t-tau, and NfL levels controlled for age and APOE genotype showed the best performance to identify AD (area under the curve (AUC) = 0.88, sensitivity = 82.84%, specificity = 81.69%, cutoff value = 0.64).ConclusionsTrends revealed by core biomarkers were generally consistent in AD patients’ plasma and CSF. Combining plasma biomarkers can provide comparatively high AD diagnostic performance.
Mathematical and Statistical Study on Covid19- SIR Model
Authors: Datta Jaydip 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In this combinatorial study let us try to simulate the four cases starting from viral spreading kinetics , Gaussian distribution of the infectious disease , modelling of remdesivir on the basis of molecular bonding approach and finally the most important mortality statistics like infection fatality ratio ( IFR ) with the distribution of age of the patient through sigmoid regression method .It is an alternative approach to susceptibility – infectivity – recovery ( SIR ) model .
Structure of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Phe-tRNA synthetase reveals ligand binding and two-stage tRNA recognition
Authors: Michalska Karolina , Jedrzejczak Robert , Wower Jacek , Chang Changsoo , Baragaña Beatriz , Gilbert Ian H. , Forte Barbara , Joachimiak Andrzej 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Tuberculosis, caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, responsible for ~1.5 million fatalities in 2018, is the deadliest infectious disease. Global spread of multidrug resistant TB is a public health threat. Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are plausible candidates as potential targets because they play pivotal roles in translating the DNA code into protein sequence by attaching specific amino acid to their cognate tRNAs. One of the best characterized synthetases is specific for L-Phe and tRNAPhe. Here we report structures of M. tuberculosis Phe-tRNA synthetase complexed with precursor tRNA and either phenylalanine or a phenylalanine adenylate analog, 5′-O-(N-phenylalanyl)sulfamoyl-adenosine. Crystallographic models for the first time reveal two modes of interaction with tRNA: an initial recognition via the anticodon loop and stem only and productive binding with interaction of the 3’ end of tRNAPhe with the adenylate site. We biochemically characterize the enzyme and provide the highest resolution, most complete view of the Phe-tRNA synthetase/tRNAPhe system to date.
PENGEMBANGAN MODUL BIOLOGI TERINTEGRASI NILAI ISLAM PADA MATERI SISTEM REPRODUKSI MANUSIA
Authors: Maulidatul Ana , Ismail Ismail , Mukhlishoh Siti 
Published: October 2020

Pengembangan modul Biologi bernilai Islam ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan sumber belajar Biologi dilengkapi dengan nilai Islam. Penelitian ini merupakan sarana dalam rangka membangun landasan bagi perkembangan potensi peserta didik agar menjadi manusia yang beriman dan bertakwa kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, berakhlak mulia dan berkepribadian luhur. Tujuan adanya modul adalah membuka kesempatan bagi peserta didik untuk belajar menurut kecepatan individu, karena dianggap bahwa peserta didik tidak akan mencapai hasil yang sama dalam waktu yang sama dan tidak sedia mempelajari sesuatu pada waktu yang sama. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan dengan memodifikasi pola 4D (<em>Define</em>, <em>Design</em>, <em>Develop</em> and <em>Disseminate</em>). Tahap <em>define</em> guna menyiapkan kebutuhan dalam pengembangan modul. Tahap selanjutnya adalah <em>design</em> guna merancang modul yang dikembangkan. Pengembangan dilanjutkan dengan tahap <em>develop </em>yang mana pada tahap ini ada 3 macam jenis penilaian yang dilakukan untuk mengetahui tingkat kelayakan modul yang dikembangkan. Penelitian ini telah menghasilkan <em>prototype</em> modul Biologi bernilai Islam dengan kualitas layak dan siap untuk diuji cobakan pada tahap berikutnya, yaitu <em>disseminate</em>. Modul yang dikembangkan masuk dalam kategori layak untuk digunakan karena, persentase rata-rata penilaian dari ahli materi 81.9%, untuk ahli media 83.3% dan guru biologi 82%. Hasil untuk presentase tanggapan peserta didik pada uji lapangan terbatas adalah 78% dengan kriteria layak, dan tanggapan peserta didik pada uji lapangan luas sebesar 80,64% dengan kriteria layak.
A novel polyethersulfone/modified activated carbon fiber composite membrane: potential for removal micropollutants from water under the electric field
Authors: Wang Cunshi , Fu Ting , Zhu Qiuzi , Yang Ruihong , Cao Yanyan , Zhu Jianzhong 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This study aimed to develop a novel composite membrane based on polyethersulfone (PES) and modified activated carbon fibers (ACFs) to remove of sulfamethoxazole (SMZ) from water. The modification of ACFs was conducted by using acid, Fe, and Mn and was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and water contact angle measurement. Later on, the composite membranes were prepared using PES (9 wt%), N-N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc) (75 wt%), polyethylene pyrrolidone (PVP) (5 wt%), anhydrous lithium chloride (LiCl) (1 wt%), and various types of modified ACFs (0.8 wt%) as additives. It was found that the contact angle of the membrane decreased by more than 20°, and the zeta potential decreased by more than 10 mV. ACF modified by Fe was used as an admixture, membrane obtained the high comprehensive performance. Especially bovine serum albumin (BSA) rejection rate and flux recovery ratio (FRR) reached 98.8% and 98.4%, respectively. And the removal rates of SMZ increased by 24.6% under the electric field. The degradation products were detected by high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS). Based on this result, the possible degradation pathways of SMZ are proposed.
Method for attachment of TiO2 using design of experiments: application to the photocatalysis of a model pollutant methylene blue dye
Authors: Aıt Atmane Abdenour , Bourouına-Bacha Saliha 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The preparation of titanium dioxide (TiO2) supported on a glass plate by heat attachment method is presented. With the use of response surface methodology based on a central composite design we investigated the influence of the experiment parameters of the TiO2 deposition (temperature of calcination (T), time of calcination (ts) and the concentration of TiO2 ((TiO2))) on photocatalytic activity of the semiconductor for the degradation of a model pollutant: methylene blue. The analysis of variance results showed that the selected quadratic model with interaction (R2 = 0.9802) was statistically significant. The experimental results showed that the degradation quantity of methylene blue increased when the ts value increased and T decreased. We have evaluated the photocatalytic activity of this supported catalyst (TiO2-GP) with a laboratory reactor under natural condition; the maximum removal (96.03%) was obtained at ts = 331 min, T = 559 °C and (TiO2) = 2.38 g/l. The method of desirability function was used to obtain the best combination of factor settings for achieving the maximum of degradation quantity ((TiO2) = 2.6 (g/l), T = 600 (°C) and ts = 240 (min)). The additional tests on the catalyst plates confirmed that the deposits keep their catalytic activity for several cycles of use.