bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enzymatic Browning and Color Evolution in Frozen Storage of Two Kinds of Minimally Processed Avocado Puree
Authors: Ospina S. , Ortiz D. L. , Orrego C. E. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Avocado puree demand grows with the rise in demand for fruit flavors and healthy food consumption. The aim of this research was to produce a minimally processed fruit puree that retain the color during 6 months of frozen storage and assess a preliminary economic and environmental approach for its industrial production. Mashed avocado pulp was mixed with lemon juice for obtaining raw avocado puree. This material was then mixed with citric acid or exposed to a microwave treatment to obtain Citric acid puree (CAP) and microwave-treated puree (MWP). CAP and MWP were submitted to frozen storage (–10 °C, –14 °C and –18 °C), and each 30 days puree samples were tested for Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and Peroxidase (POD) activity and color. While PPO was completely inhibited, POD exhibited sharp reductions, especially for the MWP. Almost all the samples preserved their original color. Economic and environmental impacts were evaluated for a CAP production process.
Practicing Leadership Skills through Peer Mentoring and Teaching: the Lived Experience of BSN Students
Authors: Bright Alicia L. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAlthough leadership theory is introduced in baccalaureate nursing curriculum, opportunities to practice and develop leadership skills are limited for undergraduate nursing students. This study explores the experience of advanced nursing students who provided mentoring and tutoring to beginning nursing students. The experiences they describe are interpreted in light of literature on leadership education in undergraduate nursing schools, as well as that of peer mentoring and peer teaching. These advanced students described opportunities to practice and reflect on leadership skills and attributes. Peer mentoring and peer teaching programs may be an effective and efficient way of helping nursing students gain leadership skills and experience.
A, B, or C? A Quasi-experimental Multi-site Study Investigating Three Option Multiple Choice Questions
Authors: Hartigan-Rogers Jackie A , Redmond Sandra , Cobbett Shelley , Cifuentes Karlene , Honan Deena , Richard Elizabeth , Sheane Vanessa , VanTassell Tamara 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
There is nearly a century of educational research that has demonstrated that three option multiple-choice questions (MCQs) are as valid and reliable as four or five option, yet this format continues to be underutilized in educational institutions. This replication study was a quasi-experimental between groups research design conducted at three Canadian schools of nursing to examine the psychometric properties of three option MCQs when compared to the more traditional four option questions. Data analysis revealed that there were no statistically significant differences in the item discrimination, difficulty or mean examination scores when MCQs were administered with three versus four option answer choices.
International Nursing Program Accreditation
Authors: Beasley Sharon Ferguson , Farmer Suzette , Nunn-Ellison Keri , Ard Nell 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The Accreditation Commission for Education in Nursing (ACEN) is committed to being a supportive partner in strengthening the quality of nursing education for all levels of nursing programs domestically and internationally. With a longstanding history of accreditation dating back 66 years, the ACEN accredited its first international program in 2004 adding international accreditation to its repertoire. Recognizing geographic, cultural, and national differences, the ACEN common core of Standards and Criteria equip faculty with autonomy to embrace unique attributes of their programs regardless of location, culture, and nationality. Further, the ACEN review process fosters self-evaluation, peer review, and the promotion of educational equity, access, and mobility. As a result, the number of international nursing programs pursuing and attaining accreditation with the ACEN has increased thus validating the inclusiveness and relevance of the ACEN Standards and Criteria. The purpose of this article is to highlight ways in which ACEN Standards and Criteria apply to domestic and international nursing programs.
Adverse Event Disclosure Training for Nursing Students: Peer Role-Play and Simulated Patients
Authors: Yeung Joanna Wing Yan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Background
Simulation has proven valuable in nursing communication training, but there are limited studies comparing the effectiveness of different training methods, especially in the area of adverse event disclosure (AED) training. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the impact of two training methods, peer role-play (PRP) and simulated patients (SP) on the self-efficacy and performance of nursing students in AED in a simulated environment.

Methods
Forty-four nursing students participated. Students’ self-efficacy toward AED was assessed using the pre/post-test method. Also, students’ performance was evaluated after the simulation encounter.

Results
It showed a significant difference in self-efficacy between the groups. However, no significant difference emerged between the groups in performance.

Conclusion
This study provides a basis for comparison of these two methods in patient communication training. Educators should consider their resources and expected learning outcomes in designing the emotionally draining adverse event disclosure training.
The effect of prosodic focus varies by phrasal tones: the case of South Kyungsang Korean
Authors: Lee Yong-Cheol , Kim Dongyoung , Cho Sunghye 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This study examines the production and perception of corrective focus in South Kyungsang Korean, using phone number strings. It shows that focus prosody varies greatly by tonal pattern (HHL, HLL, LHT, LHL) within phrases. Prosodic focus in High-initial phrases was clearly produced and accurately recognized, compared to that in Low-initial phrases. Additionally, the identification rate of HLL was higher than that of HHL, mainly because the focused initial H of the HHL contrasted with the second H within phrases, in terms of pitch. The results confirm that the encoding of prosodic focus is not uniform within a language; rather, focus prosody within a language can vary depending on the tonal pattern of an utterance.
BEPS Policy Failure—The Case of EU Country-By-Country Reporting1
Authors: Murphy Richard , Janský Petr , Shah Atul 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The tax gap between taxes that are “actually” paid and taxes that “ought” to have been paid by multinational corporate entities has become an area of huge public policy concern in the recent decades. This study reviews the impact of new legislation to reveal the tax gap created by the EU banks and financial institutions passed in 2013 and in particular of the quality of the resulting country-by-country reporting (CBCR) requirement for banks. Although resulting tax gap estimates are noted, they suffer due to significant problems in the published data; much of it is due to the quality of the regulation requiring its publication and implementation. The findings reveal a lack of understanding of the technical and structural weaknesses of accounting in a transnational context in the design of this regulation. CBCR is destined to fail in achieving its regulatory objectives in this context unless necessary reform of the regulation is undertaken.
A Parametric Study of Hydrogen Fuel Effects on Exergetic, Exergoeconomic and Exergoenvironmental Cost Performances of an Aircraft Turbojet Engine
Authors: Balli Ozgur 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
A comprehensive exergetic, exergoeconomic and exergoenvironmental analyses of a turbojet engine are performed to determine how the hydrogen fuel usage affects the exergetic and exergoeconomic performances of the turbojet engine. The exergy efficiency of the engine reduces from 15.40 % to 14.33 % while the waste exergy rate increases from 22.31 GJ/h to 24.01 GJ/h. However, the high increase in the fuel cost rate and specific fuel exergy cost with the hydrogen fuel causes that the specific product exergy cost rises up from 134.69 US$/GJ to 355.11 US$/GJ. The environmental impact of CO2 decreases by 99.12 % while the environmental damage cost rate lessens by 112.16 % with hydrogen usage. In this regard, the environmental damage cost rate decreases from 322.50 US$/h to 2.85 US$/h. The exergoenvironmental cost rate is determined to be 869.64 US$/h for jet fuel while it is obtained to be 1429.32 US$/h for hydrogen fuel. In this case, the specific exergoenvironmental cost is calculated to be 214.08 US$/GJ for jet fuel and 355.82 US$/GJ for hydrogen fuel.
Variable Sampling Interval Control Charts for Monitoring the Ratio of Two Normal Variables
Authors: Nguyen Huu Du , Tran Kim Phuc , Goh Thong Ngee 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
It is well documented that the distribution of the ratio between two random normal variables is asymmetric. As a consequence, the two-sided Shewhart control chart monitoring this ratio (denoted as Shewhart-RZ chart) has an average run length–biased property. In order to overcome this drawback, we propose in this article a design for two separated one-sided control charts. Furthermore, we improve the efficiency of the Shewhart-RZ chart by combining the Shewhart chart with a variable sampling interval strategy. The chart performance is then evaluated by using an average time to signal. The numerical results show that our proposed charts outperform the two-sided Shewhart-RZ control chart in detecting process shifts.
Popular Narratives and Mestizo Horsemen: Creating a Racial Ideal in Nineteenth-Century Mexico, 1844–1896
Authors: Moreno E. Mark 
Published: December 2019

Between 1844 and 1896, two archetypal figures on horseback known as rancheros and chinacos were disseminated through print publications. As war with the United States loomed in 1844, a relatively obscure Mexican writer depicted the ranchero as a “true national type” in a popular magazine. Eighteen years later another archetype on horseback, the chinaco, appeared in newspaper propaganda designed to provoke resistance against an imminent French advance into the Mexican interior. Later writers, such as Justo Sierra and Antonio García Cubas, imbued such figures with racialized mestizo qualities and heroic martial traits, equating mestizo blood with strength and martial capabilities that could build a more advanced Mexican state. The depiction of both figures as of mixed-race origins was a popular perception that carried over into the Porfirian years. This article traces the origins of these figures in popular reading during the years in which Mexico dealt with war with the United States, a civil war, and finally the French Intervention. Through an analysis of popular reading and intellectual commentaries, supplemented by archival research, mestizaje as a foundational concept of Mexican nationhood is traced to these early depictions.
Entre 1844 y 1896, las publicaciones impresas de México difundieron dos figuras arquetípicas a caballo, conocidas como rancheros y chinacos. Cuando se avecinaba la guerra con Estados Unidos, un oscuro escritor mexicano describió al ranchero como un “verdadero tipo nacional” en una revista popular. Dieciocho años más tarde, otro arquetipo a caballo, el chinaco, apareció en la propaganda periodística diseñada para incitar a la resistencia contra un inminente avance francés hacia el interior de México. Más adelante, escritores como Justo Sierra y Antonio García Cubas infundieron tales figuras con las cualidades racializadas del mestizo y los rasgos marciales heroicos, equiparando la sangre mestiza con la fuerza y las capacidades marciales necesarias para construir un Estado mexicano más avanzado. La representación de ambas figuras como mezcla de razas constituyó una percepción popular que se mantuvo durante los años del Porfiriato. El presente artículo rastrea los orígenes de estos dos arquetipos en las lecturas populares durante los años en que México libró una guerra contra Estados Unidos, una guerra civil y, finalmente, lidió con la intervención francesa. A través de un análisis de las lecturas populares y los comentarios intelectuales, complementado con una investigación de archivo, se rastrea el origen del mestizaje en cuanto concepto fundacional de la idea de nación mexicana hasta estas representaciones.
Latin American Émigrés in Post-Revolutionary Mexican Classrooms: From Exiles to Renowned Academics (1934–1940)
Authors: Mir Sebastián Rivera 
Published: December 2019

This article analyzes how Latin American academics and students, in many cases exiled from their countries, interacted with pedagogical concerns during the government of Lázaro Cardenas. Using examples of Chilean, Peruvian, Argentinian, Venezuelan, and other Latin American militants, and placing a focus on socialist education, this paper discusses experiences of individuals who arrived in post-revolutionary Mexico, seeking to engage with the pedagogical changes proposed by Cardenism. Methodologically, this research makes use of autobiographies, archival sources, and secondary bibliography in order to discuss some of the traces left by these émigrés.
El presente artículo analiza cómo académicos y estudiantes latinoamericanos, en muchos casos exiliados de sus países, se relacionaron con los procesos educativos impulsados por el gobierno de Lázaro Cárdenas. Recurriendo a ejemplos de chilenos, peruanos, argentinos, venezolanos y otros militantes latinoamericanos, con un énfasis especial en la educación socialista, el presente texto intenta comprender las experiencias de quienes arribaron al México pos revolucionario buscando vincularse a los cambios educativos propuestos por el Cardenismo. Metodológicamente, esta investigación recurrió a autobiografías, fuentes de archivo y bibliografía secundaria, con el objetivo de analizar las huellas dejadas por estos emigrados.
Prevalence and Implications of Contamination in Public Genomic Resources: A Case Study of 43 Reference Arthropod Assemblies
Authors: Francois Clementine M , Durand Faustine , Figuet Emeric , Galtier Nicolas 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Thanks to huge advances in sequencing technologies, genomic resources are increasingly being generated and shared by the scientific community. The quality of such public resources are therefore of critical importance. Errors due to contamination are particularly worrying; they are widespread, propagate across databases, and can compromise downstream analyses, especially the detection of horizontally-transferred sequences. However we still lack consistent and comprehensive assessments of contamination prevalence in public genomic data. Here we applied a standardized procedure for foreign sequence annotation to 43 published arthropod genomes from the widely used Ensembl Metazoa database. This method combines information on sequence similarity and synteny to identify contaminant and putative horizontally-transferred sequences in any genome assembly, provided that an adequate reference database is available. We uncovered considerable heterogeneity in quality among arthropod assemblies, some being devoid of contaminant sequences, whereas others included hundreds of contaminant genes. Contaminants far outnumbered horizontally-transferred genes and were a major confounder of their detection, quantification and analysis. We strongly recommend that automated standardized decontamination procedures be systematically embedded into the submission process to genomic databases.
Simulation-Based Evaluation of Three Methods for Local Ancestry Deconvolution of Non-model Crop Species Genomes
Authors: Cottin Aurélien , Penaud Benjamin , Glaszmann Jean-Christophe , Yahiaoui Nabila , Gautier Mathieu 
Published: December 2019

AbstractHybridizations between species and subspecies represented major steps in the history of many crop species. Such events generally lead to genomes with mosaic patterns of chromosomal segments of various origins that may be assessed by local ancestry inference methods. However, these methods have mainly been developed in the context of human population genetics with implicit assumptions that may not always fit plant models. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the suitability of three state-of-the-art inference methods (SABER, ELAI and WINPOP) for local ancestry inference under scenarios that can be encountered in plant species. For this, we developed an R package to simulate genotyping data under such scenarios. The tested inference methods performed similarly well as far as representatives of source populations were available. As expected, the higher the level of differentiation between ancestral source populations and the lower the number of generations since admixture, the more accurate were the results. Interestingly, the accuracy of the methods was only marginally affected by i) the number of ancestries (up to six tested); ii) the sample design (i.e., unbalanced representation of source populations); and iii) the reproduction mode (e.g., selfing, vegetative propagation). If a source population was not represented in the data set, no bias was observed in inference accuracy for regions originating from represented sources and regions from the missing source were assigned differently depending on the methods. Overall, the selected ancestry inference methods may be used for crop plant analysis if all ancestral sources are known.
Evolution of Specialization in Heterogeneous Environments: Equilibrium Between Selection, Mutation and Migration
Authors: Mirrahimi Sepideh , Gandon Sylvain 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Adaptation in spatially heterogeneous environments results from the balance between local selection, mutation, and migration. We study the interplay among these different evolutionary forces and demography in a classical two-habitat scenario with asexual reproduction. We develop a new theoretical approach that goes beyond the Adaptive Dynamics framework, and allows us to explore the effect of high mutation rates on the stationary phenotypic distribution. We show that this approach improves the classical Gaussian approximation, and captures accurately the shape of this equilibrium phenotypic distribution in one- and two-population scenarios. We examine the evolutionary equilibrium under general conditions where demography and selection may be nonsymmetric between the two habitats. In particular, we show how migration may increase differentiation in a source–sink scenario. We discuss the implications of these analytic results for the adaptation of organisms with large mutation rates, such as RNA viruses.
Therapeutic role of bone marrow-derived stem cells and zinc sulfate for reduction of liver fibrosis
Authors: Kazmi Arsheema , Kazmi Abeer , Shams Sulaiman , Sajid Abdul , Khan Khalid 
Published: December 2019

Introduction: Hepatic fibrosis is considered as the initial state of any chronic hepatic disease; progression causes accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) and develops into cirrhosis. In case of liver failure, transplantation was considered as the only suitable therapy but due to the hurdles in transplantation, therapy using stem cells was promoted. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are widely used for the treatment of a variety of diseases. Oxidative stress at the damage site causes poor MSC proliferation and engraftment. Thus, it is necessary to induce antioxidants with MSCs to enhance potency.
Methods: To explore the therapeutic potential of zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) and MSCs on carbon tetra chloride (CCl4)-induced hepatic toxicity, 6-8 week-old female albino mice (BALB/c) were used. Initially, mice were infected with CCl4 and then intra-peritoneally injected with MSCs only, ZnSO4 only, or a combination of MSCs and ZnSO4. MSCs were isolated from femur and tibia of mice, and were cultured under control conditions.
Results: The morphological results revealed that in contrast to MSC-only therapy, ZnSO4 enhanced the therapeutic potential of MSCs when administered to CCl4-injured mice. Biochemically, level of serum Alanine Transaminase (ALT) and total bilirubin was found to be significantly decreased in ZnSO4 + MSC transplanted mice. Histopathological examination also revealed that ZnSO4 + MSC transplantation induced a strong anti-apoptotic effect on CCl4-injured liver. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) detected a noteworthy anti-fibrotic effect of MSCs in the presence of ZnSO4, down-regulation of apoptotic marker (Bax), and up-regulation of anti-apoptotic (Bcl-xl) and hepatic (Albumin) markers.
Conclusion: Thus, it was concluded that the presence of ZnSO4 reduced oxidative stress, enhanced the proliferation rate of MSCs, and significantly attenuated hepatic fibrosis.
Gender abdominal features, determining depth of incisional wound in abdominal surgeries
Authors: Amarantov D. G. , Zarivchatsky M. F. , Alkhamaidh A. A. , Gorst N. Kh. , Zheleznitskikh O. V. , Zhuravlev O. S. 
Published: December 2019

Aim. To determine the mean values of the anterior abdominal wall thickness and abdominal cavity depth for men and women with different types of constitution and reveal the mechanisms, allowing the surgeon to predict these parameters in the preoperative period.
Materials and methods. One hundred twenty male and female computer tomograms of the abdominal cavity were studied.
Results. The anterior abdominal wall thickness and abdominal cavity depth values for men and women with different types of constitution at different levels of measurement were determined. The depth of laparotomy wound was found to be dependent on the distance between the anterior upper iliac spines.
Conclusions. The gender features of the anterior abdominal wall thickness and abdominal cavity depth were revealed. There were determined the coefficients, permitting to predict the depth of laparotomy wound in the preoperative period.
Obesity and hypovitaminosis D3 as risk factor for puerperal complications
Authors: Makarova E. L. , Padrul M. M. 
Published: December 2019

Aim. To study the puerperal complications in women with disturbance of fat metabolism associated with hypovitaminosis D3.
Materials and methods. One hundred and two puerperal women were examined after giving birth to a child at the City Perinatal Center.
Results. The number of puerperal complications in the group of women with obesity and hypovitaminosis D occurred twice as more often than in women with normal body mass. From all complications, there prevailed lactostasis and hypogalactia. Only in the group of puerperas with high body mass index and low vitamin D content combined, there were detected subinvolution and puerperal endometriosis.
Conclusions. Patients with obesity and low vitamin D3 content need more thorough preparation to delivery and lactation at The Mothers School when they are observed during pregnancy. Personnel of maternity hospital and patients relatives ought to take an active part in puerperal care and promote early activation of puerpera with obesity to reduce possible complications.