bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decreased Platelet Inhibition by Thienopyridines in Hyperuricemia
Authors: Lee Silvia , Wadowski Patricia P. , Hoberstorfer Timothy , Weikert Constantin , Pultar Joseph , Kopp Christoph W. , Panzer Simon , Gremmel Thomas 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Hyperuricemia carries an increased risk of atherothrombotic events in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). This may at least in part be due to inadequate P2Y12 inhibition. The aim of this study was to prospectively investigate the potential association between hyperuricemia and decreased platelet inhibition by P2Y12 antagonists.

Methods
Levels of uric acid as well as on-treatment residual platelet reactivity in response to adenosine diphosphate (ADP) were assessed in 301 clopidogrel-treated patients undergoing elective angioplasty and stenting, and in 206 prasugrel- (n = 118) or ticagrelor-treated (n = 88) ACS patients following acute PCI. Cut-off values for high on-treatment residual ADP-inducible platelet reactivity (HRPR) were based on previous studies showing an association of test results with clinical outcomes.

Results
Hyperuricemia was significantly associated with increased on-treatment residual ADP-inducible platelet reactivity in clopidogrel- and prasugrel-treated patients in univariate analyses and after adjustment for differences in patient characteristics by multivariate regression analyses. In contrast, ticagrelor-treated patients without and with hyperuricemia showed similar levels of on-treatment residual platelet reactivity to ADP. HRPR occurred more frequently in clopidogrel- and prasugrel-treated patients with hyperuricemia than in those with normal uric acid levels. In contrast, hyperuricemic patients receiving ticagrelor did not have a higher risk of HRPR compared with those with normal uric acid levels.

Conclusion
Hyperuricemia is associated with decreased platelet inhibition by thienopyridines but a normal response to ticagrelor. It remains to be established if lowering uric acid increases the antiplatelet effects of clopidogrel and prasugrel in hyperuricemic patients with HRPR.
Secretive Symbolism? The Death Penalty, Executions, and Japan
Authors: Holmes Billy 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe importance of analysing the death penalty and state-imposed executions is derived from their concerning the right to life, and their retaining wide-spread support throughout retentionist, abolitionist de facto, and abolitionist states worldwide. Discrepancies in the execution rates of retentionist states appear reducible to their serving symbolic or pragmatic functions i.e. they are used primarily to validate public opinion or primarily to deter crime. Prima facie, Japan seems akin to a symbolic state, due to its low execution rate and its official justification for both retaining the death penalty and continuing to use executions i.e. doing otherwise would be undemocratic. However, the practices that surround executions in Japan shroud them in secrecy and silence, which appears at odds with both its apparent symbolic function and this justification. This makes Japan a uniquely important case study for research on practices surrounding executions. Understanding why this contradiction exists will entail a more nuanced understanding of the ways in which the death penalty, executions, and the practices surrounding them, can function in retentionist states. This essay aids such understanding by critically analysing this official justification and various other arguments for why this might be the case and advancing an alternative explanation.
Estimating the Unrestricted and Restricted Liu Estimators for the Poisson Regression Model: Method and Application
Authors: Månsson Kristofer , Kibria B. M. Golam 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis paper considers both unrestricted and restricted Liu estimators in the presence of multicollinearity for the Poisson regression model. It also considers some new estimators of the shrinkage parameter for both unrestricted and restricted Liu estimators. Based on a simulation study and its empirical application, we found that the restricted estimator outperforms the unrestricted one. Further, the restricted Liu estimator also outperforms both the unrestricted Liu and restricted Liu estimators.
Hence, this new method is a preferred option when the coefficient vector β may belong to a linear sub-space defined by Rβ = r.
An analysis of wind conditions at pedestrian level in the selected types of multi-family housing developments
Authors: Poćwierz Marta , Zielonko-Jung Katarzyna 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe following article addresses the issue of wind conditions around urban building development at pedestrian level. Factors that depend on those issues include wind comfort and air quality within urbanized spaces. The conditions specific of cities located in a temperate climate zone have been taken into account. The article is intended to identify aerodynamic phenomena characteristic of the three basic types of multi-family building development (section, linear, quarter). For each type of buildings, three different variants were considered on the basis of land use efficiency (low, medium, high) each type of buildings is characterised with. The models illustrate the patterns observed within European urban planning thought and have been developed in accordance with contemporary architectural and urban conditions, as well as with legal requirements and good practices in force in Poland. Experimental research in the wind tunnel has been conducted by means of two complementary field methods (visualization and erosion). The application of these two methods made it possible to obtain data on airflow direction layouts and on changes in airflow velocity. Subsequently, the results obtained in the study have been compared. Thus, more and less favourable geometrical layouts in respect to aerodynamic phenomena have been indicated.
QTL detection in a pedigreed breeding population of diploid potato
Authors: Korontzis George , Malosetti Marcos , Zheng Chaozhi , Maliepaard Chris , Mulder Han A. , Lindhout Pim , Veerkamp Roel F. , van Eeuwijk Fred A. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractDiploid hybrid potato breeding is emerging as an alternative to breeding tetraploid potato clones. The development of diploid breeding varieties involves recent, shallow pedigrees with a limited number of founders. Within this context, alternative QTL detection methodologies should be considered to enable identification of relevant QTLs and characterize the founders of the pedigree. To that end, we are using a dataset of multiple diploid potato$$\hbox {F}_3$$F3families under selection derived by a cross between an inbredSolanum chacoenseand an outbred diploidSolanum tuberosum, and identify QTLs for tuber fresh weight. We used three methods for QTL detection: (1) a Genome Wide Association Study model, (2) a linkage approach tailored to the population under study and (3) a more general approach for modelling multiallelic QTLs in complex pedigrees using identity-by-descent (IBD) probabilities. We show that all three approaches enable detection of QTLs in the population under study, but the method that makes better use of IBD information has a more direct and detailed interpretation by linking QTL alleles to the founders.
Self-Building Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning to Empower Big Data Analytics in Smart Cities
Authors: Alahakoon Damminda , Nawaratne Rashmika , Xu Yan , De Silva Daswin , Sivarajah Uthayasankar , Gupta Bhumika 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe emerging information revolution makes it necessary to manage vast amounts of unstructured data rapidly. As the world is increasingly populated by IoT devices and sensors that can sense their surroundings and communicate with each other, a digital environment has been created with vast volumes of volatile and diverse data. Traditional AI and machine learning techniques designed for deterministic situations are not suitable for such environments. With a large number of parameters required by each device in this digital environment, it is desirable that the AI is able to be adaptive and self-build (i.e. self-structure, self-configure, self-learn), rather than be structurally and parameter-wise pre-defined. This study explores the benefits of self-building AI and machine learning with unsupervised learning for empowering big data analytics for smart city environments. By using the growing self-organizing map, a new suite of self-building AI is proposed. The self-building AI overcomes the limitations of traditional AI and enables data processing in dynamic smart city environments. With cloud computing platforms, the self-building AI can integrate the data analytics applications that currently work in silos. The new paradigm of the self-building AI and its value are demonstrated using the IoT, video surveillance, and action recognition applications.
Dwelling in Strangeness: Accounts of the Kingsley Hall Community, London (1965-1970), Established by R. D. Laing
Authors: Chapman Adrian 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis article explores archival accounts of the experimental community, Kingsley Hall (1965-70), established by R. D. Laing, the radical Scottish psychiatrist. The paper contributes to renewed interest in Kingsley Hall, R. D. Laing's radical psychiatry and UK counterculture. Archival sources enable not only the further exploration of already known figures but also let us hear previously unheard voices. Following a discussion of archival materials, the Hall is analyzed thematically and historically as (i) an inner spaceship; (ii) an embattled middle-class countercultural plantation; (iii) a site of spiritual renewal and development; (iv) a single-building arts colony; and (v) a countercultural experiment. Finally, it is argued that with re-evaluation of 1960s and 1970s counterculture now underway on the Left, the Hall’s experiment in Laingian countercultural psychiatry—as we may fittingly call it—may yet inform future radical projects (in mental health and beyond).
The ‘experiential’ as an existential past
Authors: Chen Sihwei , Vander Klok Jozina , Matthewson Lisa , Rullmann Hotze 
Published: August 2020

AbstractRecent literature has debated the nature and robustness of distinctions between pronominal tenses and existential tenses, between absolute tenses and relative tenses, and between perfect aspects and relative tenses. In this paper, we investigate anteriority markers in Javanese and Atayal, two distantly related Austronesian languages. On the basis of a range of empirical diagnostics, we propose that the markerstauin Javanese and -in- in Atayal are relative past tenses with existential semantics. We demonstrate that plausible alternative analyses are not tenable: these markers do not have pronominal tense semantics and they are not perfect aspects despite their salient ‘experiential’ interpretation. Further, we claim that a single language can possess both pronominal and existential tenses. Our diagnostics show that whiletauand -in- are existential past tenses, Javanese and Atayal each also have a pronominal tense morpheme which is phonologically null and which pragmatically interacts withtauand -in-.
Effects of Dating Matters® on Sexual Violence and Sexual Harassment Outcomes among Middle School Youth: a Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: DeGue Sarah , Niolon Phyllis Holditch , Estefan Lianne Fuino , Tracy Allison J. , Le Vi D. , Vivolo-Kantor Alana M. , Little Todd D. , Latzman Natasha E. , Tharp Andra , Lang Kyle M. , Taylor Bruce 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSexual violence (SV), including sexual harassment (SH), is a significant public health problem affecting adolescent health and well-being. This study extends prior research by evaluating the effectiveness of a comprehensive teen dating violence prevention model, Dating Matters, on SV and SH perpetration and victimization, inclusive of any victim-perpetrator relationship, among middle school students. Dating Matters includes classroom-delivered programs for youth in 6th, 7th, and 8th grades; community-based programs for parents; a youth communications program; training for educators; and community-level activities. Middle schools in four urban areas in the USA were randomly assigned to receive Dating Matters (DM, N = 22) or a standard-of-care intervention (SC, N = 24) over four consecutive school years (2012–2016). The analytic sample included two cohorts who entered the study in 6th grade and completed 8th grade by the end of the study allowing for full exposure to Dating Matters (DM: N = 1662; SC: N = 1639; 53% female; 50% black, non-Hispanic; 6 waves of data collection for each cohort). Structural equation modeling was employed with multiple imputation to account for missing data. Dating Matters was associated with significant reductions in SV and SH perpetration and victimization scores in most—but not all—sex/cohort groups by the end of 8th grade relative to an evidence-based TDV prevention program. On average, students receiving Dating Matters scored 6% lower on SV perpetration, 3% lower on SV victimization, 4% lower on SH perpetration, and 8% lower on SH victimization by the end of middle school than students receiving an evidence-based violence prevention program. Overall, Dating Matters shows promise for reducing SV and SH, occurring both within and outside dating relationships, through middle school. Clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01672541
The Factors Predicting Quality of Life Among Unemployed Adults: A Model Based on Salutogenic Approach
Authors: Hult Marja , Pietilä Anna-Maija , Saaranen Terhi 
Published: August 2020

AbstractUnemployment narrows the realization of individual potential and has a negative effect on the experiences and status of an individual, thereby weakening the quality of life. We explored meaningfulness, health and work ability as predictors of quality of life among unemployed adults. A total of 30,598 persons participated in nationwide Finnish Regional Health and Well-Being Study (N = 76,000) between January 2014 and January 2015. This study used data from 1158 unemployed or laid-off persons aged 20–65. Developed path model based on the salutogenic approach fitted well to the data. Perceived meaningfulness had the most substantial effect on the quality of life. Good health associated with good work ability and they both had a significant impact on the quality of life. Meaningfulness and quality of life were better among women compared to men. The salutogenic approach is suitable for exploring the quality of life in the context of unemployment. Unemployed persons should be encouraged to engage in activities, voluntary work, for instance, that would increase their resources, enhance their quality of life, and contribute to re-employment.
Comparison of topological, empirical and optimization-based approaches for locating quality detection points in water distribution networks
Authors: Santonastaso Giovanni Francesco , Di Nardo Armando , Creaco Enrico , Musmarra Dino , Greco Roberto 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe positioning of quality detection points as well as the frequency of sampling is a crucial aspect for the implementation of Water Safety Plans (WSPs), which have been proposed worldwide to ensure water quality and to minimize the risk from contamination in water distribution networks (WDNs). In this regard, some international legislations and best practices about quality of drinking water suggest very fine sampling frequencies, but they do not specify where the detection points should be located in a WDN. In this paper, three different approaches, based on empiricism, optimization and topology, respectively, were applied to locate detection quality points in a WDN. The comparison highlighted that empirical approach commonly adopted by water utility practitioners is unsatisfactory. The optimization-based approach, although performing significantly better, is difficult to apply, since it requires a calibrated hydraulic model. The topological approach, based on the use of the betweenness centrality and not requiring any hydraulic information and simulation, proves to be effective, and it can be easily adopted by water utilities to identify the location for quality detection points, due to its simplicity compared with the optimization-based approach.
Polymer types ingested by northern fulmars (Fulmarus glacialis) and southern hemisphere relatives
Authors: Kühn Susanne , van Oyen Albert , Bravo Rebolledo Elisa L. , Ask Amalie V. , van Franeker Jan Andries 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAlthough ingestion of plastic by tubenosed seabirds has been documented regularly, identification of the polymer composition of these plastics has rarely been described. Polymer assessment may assist in identifying sources and may indicate risks from additives occurring in specific types of polymers. Using known test materials, two identification methods Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and near infrared spectroscopy (FTIR and NIR) were compared. Although both methods were found to be similarly suitable for identification of plastic polymers, a significant difference was observed in identification of natural materials. FTIR frequently misclassified natural materials as being a synthetic polymer. Within our results, an 80% match score threshold functioned best to distinguish between natural items and synthetics. Using NIR, the historical variability of plastics ingested by northern fulmars (Fulmarus glacialis) from the Dutch sector of the North Sea was analysed for three time periods since the 1980s. For the more recent decade, variability between fulmars from different regions in the northeast Atlantic was investigated. Regional variation was further explored by analysing plastics obtained from the stomachs of southern hemisphere relatives of the fulmar (southern fulmar, cape petrel, snow petrel) and Wilson’s storm petrel. Results show that proportional abundance of polymer types in these seabirds is closely related to the plastic categories that they ingest (e.g. pellets, foam, fragments). The uptake of different plastic categories and related polymer types most likely reflects spatial and temporal variations in availability rather than ingestion preferences of the birds.
Treatment with a DC-SIGN ligand reduces macrophage polarization and diastolic dysfunction in the aging female but not male mouse hearts
Authors: Trial JoAnn , Diaz Lankenau Rodrigo , Angelini Aude , Tovar Perez Jorge E. , Taffet George E. , Entman Mark L. , Cieslik Katarzyna A. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractCardiac diastolic dysfunction in aging arises from increased ventricular stiffness caused by inflammation and interstitial fibrosis. The diastolic dysfunction contributes to heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), which in the aging population is more common in women. This report examines its progression over 12 weeks in aging C57BL/6J mice and correlates its development with changes in macrophage polarization and collagen deposition.Aged C57BL/6J mice were injected with dendritic cell–specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3-grabbing nonintegrin (DC-SIGN) ligand 1 (DCSL1, an anti-inflammatory agent) or saline for 12 weeks. Echo and Doppler measurements were performed before and after 4 and 12 weeks of treatment. DCSL1 prevented the worsening of diastolic dysfunction over time in females but not in males. Cardiac single cell suspensions analyzed by flow cytometry revealed changes in the inflammatory infiltrate: (1) in males, there was an increased total number of leukocytes with an increased pro-inflammatory profile compared with females and they did not respond to DCSL1; (2) by contrast, DCSL1 treatment resulted in a shift in macrophage polarization to an anti-inflammatory phenotype in females. Notably, DCSL1 preferentially targeted tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα+) pro-inflammatory macrophages. The reduction in pro-inflammatory macrophage polarization was accompanied by a decrease in collagen content in the heart.Age-associated diastolic dysfunction in mice is more severe in females and is associated with unique changes in macrophage polarization in cardiac tissue. Treatment with DCSL1 mitigates the changes in inflammation, cardiac function, and fibrosis. The characteristics of diastolic dysfunction in aging female mice mimic similar changes in aging women.
Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance for the Differentiation of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy
Authors: Burrage Matthew K. , Ferreira Vanessa M. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is a common presentation encountered in clinical practice with a diverse range of potential aetiologies. Differentiation of pathological from physiological hypertrophy can be challenging but is crucial for further management and prognostication. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) with advanced myocardial tissue characterisation is a powerful tool that may help to differentiate these aetiologies in the assessment of LVH.

Recent Findings
The use of CMR for detailed morphological assessment of LVH is well described. More recently, advanced CMR techniques (late gadolinium enhancement, parametric mapping, diffusion tensor imaging, and myocardial strain) have been used. These techniques are highly promising in helping to differentiate key aetiologies of LVH and provide valuable prognostic information.

Summary
Recent advancements in CMR tissue characterisation, such as parametric mapping, in combination with detailed morphological assessment and late gadolinium enhancement, provide a powerful resource that may help assess and differentiate important causes of LVH.
Understanding Engagement in HIV Programmes: How Health Services Can Adapt to Ensure No One Is Left Behind
Authors: Grimsrud Anna , Wilkinson Lynne , Eshun-Wilson Ingrid , Holmes Charles , Sikazwe Izukanji , Katz Ingrid T. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPurpose of ReviewDespite the significant progress in the HIV response, gaps remain in ensuring engagement in care to support life-long medication adherence and viral suppression. This review sought to describe the different points in the HIV care cascade where people living with HIV were not engaging and highlight promising interventions.Recent FindingsThere are opportunities to improve engagement both between testing and treatment and to support re-engagement in care for those in a treatment interruption. The gap between testing and treatment includes people who know their HIV status and people who do not know their status. People in a treatment interruption include those who interrupt immediately following initiation, early on in their treatment (first 6 months) and late (after 6 months or more on ART). For each of these groups, specific interventions are required to support improved engagement.SummaryThere are diverse needs and specific populations of people living with HIV who are not engaged in care, and differentiated service delivery interventions are required to meet their needs and expectations. For the HIV response to realise the 2030 targets, engagement will need to be supported by quality care and patient choice combined with empowered patients who are treatment literate and have been supported to improve self-management.