bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Bibliometric analysis of literature on hedge and safe haven assets
Authors: Anas Muhammad , Bouri Elie , Shahzad Syed Jawad Hussain 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTWe conduct a meta‐literature review of safe haven and hedge assets covering 617 papers published in 170 sources from 1996 to 2022 based on the Scopus database. This review includes a qualitative analysis of the bibliometric content and a quantitative analysis of the citations to identify the primary research streams and offer future research directions. The analysis identifies four research streams in the hedge and safe haven literature: (1) Gold as a hedge and safe haven asset; (2) various models estimating the hedge and safe haven ability of potential assets such as precious metals, crude oil, and cryptocurrencies; (3) Bitcoin as a safe haven asset; and (4) the role of various safe haven assets, particularly Gold and Bitcoin, during the COVID‐19 crisis. The meta‐review also classifies the most influential authors focusing on hedging and safe haven research through co‐authorship and collaborative network analysis. Finally, future research directions are formulated with a wide set of potential research questions and areas. The outcomes of this meta‐review study are useful for researchers, financial analysts, and investors searching for the best safe haven assets during unfavorable market conditions.
Enhancing artificial intelligence‐driven sleep apnea diagnosis: The critical importance of input signal proficiency with a focus on mandibular jaw movements
Authors: Martinot Jean‐Benoit , Le‐Dong Nhat‐Nam , Malhotra Atul , Pépin Jean‐Louis 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPurposeThis review aims to highlight the pivotal role of the mandibular jaw movement (MJM) signal in advancing artificial intelligence (AI)‐powered technologies for diagnosing obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).MethodsA scoping review was conducted to evaluate various aspects of the MJM signal and their contribution to improving signal proficiency for users.ResultsThe comprehensive literature analysis is structured into four key sections, each addressing factors essential to signal proficiency. These factors include (1) the comprehensiveness of research, development, and application of MJM‐based technology; (2) the physiological significance of the MJM signal for various clinical tasks; (3) the technical transparency; and (4) the interpretability of the MJM signal. Comparisons with the photoplethysmography (PPG) signal are made where applicable.ConclusionsProficiency in biosignal interpretation is essential for the success of AI‐driven diagnostic tools and for maximizing the clinical benefits through enhanced physiological insight. Through rigorous research ensuring an enhanced understanding of the signal and its extensive validation, the MJM signal sets a new benchmark for the development of AI‐driven diagnostic solutions in OSA diagnosis.
The Importance of Prevention in School Safety Planning and Response
Authors: Mariani Melissa , Schiff Mara 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDSchool violence is a significant public health concern. Most perpetrators exhibit psychosocial and behavioral warning signals which are often inadequately addressed. While policy and funding typically reinforce politically popular target hardening and threat assessment strategies, these are not most supported by research or requested by education faculty and administration.THEORETICAL CONTRIBUTIONSThe most common threats to school safety are ubiquitous events causing students to feel disconnected, alienated, isolated, and unsafe in school. Theoretical and empirical research indicates that focusing on rare but extreme school violence is less productive than preventative approaches including universal socio‐emotional programs, mental health supports, and climate and culture building to produce effective strategies for safe school environments.IMPLICATIONS FOR SCHOOL HEALTH POLICY, PRACTICE, AND EQUITYComprehensive school safety plans should include three essential preventative components: (1) targeted, student‐centered approaches addressing social, emotional, and behavioral wellbeing; (2) equity‐focused institutional culture and climate approaches aligned with appropriate disciplinary strategies; and (3) well‐defined target hardening, threat assessment and reporting measures.CONCLUSIONSIncreasing evidence suggests that keeping schools safe requires coordinated approaches to school safety including student‐centered psycho‐social behavioral initiatives, systematic attention to equitable culture and climate, and meaningful, racially sensitive target hardening coordinated among and between service professionals.
The use of 10% buffered formalin as a preservative agent when cerebrospinal fluid analysis is delayed
Authors: Aspinall S. , Gruarin M. , Holmes A. 
Published: December 2024

ObjectivesTo evaluate the utility of 10% buffered formalin in preserving canine cerebrospinal fluid samples when analysis was delayed.MethodsInclusion criteria were dogs >10 kg having cerebrospinal fluid analysis performed as part of investigations at a referral hospital. Samples were submitted to an external laboratory in tubes containing Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (ETDA) as paired 0.5 mL samples; one with the addition of 0.05 mL of 10% buffered formalin and the other without. The samples were reviewed by a single pathologist who was blinded as to which sample contained formalin. Nucleated cell preservation was graded by the pathologist from 1 to 4 (1 being poor and 4 being excellent). Total protein was measured in both samples.ResultsForty‐five paired samples were included. There was no significant difference in detectability of nucleated cells between plain and formalin samples. Grade 3 was taken as the cut off for acceptable cell preservation. Based on all available samples and assessing the preservation of both nucleated cells and red blood cells, samples containing formalin were significantly more likely to be acceptably preserved. This preservation analysis was repeated on the 17 samples with at least one nucleated cell in both formalin and plain samples and was not statistically significant.Clinical SignificanceThe addition of formalin did not significantly improve the preservation of cerebrospinal fluid samples when analysis was delayed; however, concerns raised by previous authors regarding reduced cell preservation with addition of formalin were also not confirmed. Further large‐scale studies are required to investigate the effect on nucleated cell preservation.
Effectiveness and safety of an interactive internet‐based intervention to improve insomnia: Results from a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Specht Anja , Betz Linda T. , Riepenhausen Antje , Jauch‐Chara Kamila , Jacob Gitta A. , Riemann Dieter , Göder Robert 
Published: December 2024

SummaryMany adults suffer from insomnia. Cognitive‐behavioural therapy for insomnia is the recommended treatment option, but access to it is not readily available. Digital interventions have the potential to close the treatment gap by offering scalable and cost‐efficient options. The present randomised controlled trial aimed at investigating the effectiveness and safety of somnovia, an interactive internet‐based intervention for patients with insomnia. A total of 290 participants with chronic insomnia were randomised to intervention (n = 149) or the control (n = 141) condition. Participants of the intervention group received access to somnovia for 6 months in addition to treatment as usual, whereas participants in the control group only had access to treatment as usual for the time of the study. Online questionnaires were filled in before randomisation and after 3 and 6 months. The primary endpoint was the Insomnia Severity Index, with the Patient Health Questionnaire‐9, the Generalised Anxiety Disorder Assessment‐7, and the Work and Social Adjustment Scale as secondary endpoints. After 3 months, the intervention group showed lower insomnia (Cohen's d = 0.71, CI = [0.44, 0.98]), depressive (Cohen's d = 0.66, CI = [0.41, 0.90]), and anxiety (Cohen's d = 0.56, CI = [0.32, 0.81]) symptoms, as well as improved overall functioning (Cohen's d = 0.50, CI = [0.24, 0.76]) compared with participants in the control group. The effects stayed stable after 6 months. The results indicate that next to a therapeutic effect on insomnia symptoms, somnovia might potentially help to prevent the onset of other psychiatric disorders such as depression and anxiety.
Daily rhythm in DNA methylation and the effect of total sleep deprivation
Authors: Ämmälä Antti‐Jussi , Hancox Thomas P. M. , Qiuyu Fan , Lahtinen Alexandra , Sulkava Sonja , Revell Victoria L. , Ackermann Katrin , Kayser Manfred , Skene Debra J. , Paunio Tiina 
Published: December 2024

SummaryNumerous hormones and genes exhibit diurnal 24‐hr rhythms that can also be affected by sleep deprivation. Here we studied diurnal rhythms in DNA methylation under a 24‐hr sleep/wake cycle and a subsequent 29 hr of continual wakefulness (1 night of sleep deprivation). Fifteen healthy men (19–35 years) spent 3 days/nights in a sleep laboratory: (1) adaptation; (2) baseline; (3) total sleep deprivation day/night. DNA methylation was analysed from peripheral blood leukocytes, collected every 3 hr for 45 hr (starting at 15:00 hours) during the baseline period and the total sleep deprivation period. Epigenome‐wide DNA methylation variation was assessed with the Infinium MethylationEPIC v2.0 Beadchip kit. Rhythm analysis was performed separately for the baseline and the total sleep deprivation time‐series data. Pairwise analysis between diurnal samples and sleep deprivation samples at the same timepoint was also carried out to detect differentially methylated positions related to sleep deprivation. Of all DNA methylation sites, 14% exhibited a diurnal rhythm in methylation on the baseline day/night that was altered by sleep deprivation. During sleep deprivation, the number of differentially methylated positions increased towards the end of the sleep deprivation period, with a dominating pattern of hypomethylation. Among differentially methylated positions, an enrichment of genes related to the FAS immune response pathway was detected. In conclusion, DNA methylation exhibits diurnal rhythmicity, and this time‐of‐day variation needs to be considered when studying DNA methylation as a biomarker in biomedical studies. In addition, the observed DNA methylation changes under wakefulness might serve as a mediator of sleep deprivation‐related immune response alterations.
Fertility up in flames: Reduced fertility indices as a consequence of a simulated heatwave on small African mammals
Authors: Jacobs P. J. , Bennett N. C. , du Plessis L. , Hart D. W. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWith the increasing frequency and intensity of heatwaves due to climate change, the survival and reproductive success of mammals could be under significant threat. However, the specific effects of these environmental stressors on mammalian reproductive fitness remain insufficiently explored. This study investigates the impact of a simulated heatwave on male fertility indices in two African rodent species: the mesic four‐striped field mouse (Rhabdomys dilectus) and the Namaqua rock mouse (Micaelamys namaquensis) during the breeding season. We measured key indicators of male fertility, including testes mass, testes volume, seminiferous tubule diameter, the presence of sperm, and plasma testosterone levels. Our findings reveal that both species experienced significant effects on male fertility indices, with the smaller R. dilectus showing a decline in all fertility indices following a simulated heatwave. These results suggest that the projected increase in heatwave events may compromise the reproductive success of small mammals, potentially leading to population declines. Finally, this study highlights the need for focused studies on the effect of heatwaves on long‐term reproductive success in both males and females.
Job Quality Gaps Between Migrant and Native Platform Workers: Evidence From Poland
Authors: Kowalik Zuzanna , Lewandowski Piotr , Kaczmarczyk Paweł 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe platform economy has grown worldwide, opening labour markets but raising concerns about precariousness. Using a tailored, quantitative survey in Poland, this article studies taxi and delivery platform drivers' working conditions and job quality, focusing on the gaps between natives and migrants. Migrants' job quality is noticeably lower regarding contractual terms of employment, working hours, work–life balance, multidimensional deprivation and job satisfaction. Migrants who started a platform job immediately after arriving in Poland are particularly deprived. They also cluster on taxi platforms, which offer inferior working conditions compared to delivery platforms. The platform economy can be an arrival infrastructure for migrants. However, in New Immigration Destinations such as Poland, where the ethnic economy is underdeveloped and institutional support for migrants is weak, poor working conditions on platforms can exacerbate migrants' labour market vulnerabilities and hinder mobility to better jobs, as platforms often provide limited opportunities for skill development.
Distinguishing Characteristics of Benign Versus Malignant Intraosseous Schwannomas: A Comparative Study
Authors: Zhang Jiangchao , Xiong Ge , Zheng Wei , Sun Jing 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesBenign and malignant intraosseous schwannomas are rare, and primarily documented in case reports. This study aims to elucidate the differences in clinical features and imaging manifestations between these tumors. This will help clinicians identify malignant lesions at an early stage, reliable guide treatment decisions, and accurately predict outcomes.MethodsEighteen patients who underwent surgery and got pathological examinations in our hospital from 2012 to 2023 were retrospectively reviewed. Among them, 14 cases were found benign with 4 malignant. In the benign group, patients underwent curettage followed by bone grafting, whereas the malignant group was treated with extensive resection or amputation. Patients' demographics and radiographic features, including gender, age at diagnosis, symptom duration, tumor location, tumor margin, and the ratio of sclerotic margins were documented and compared between these tumors. All imaging was reviewed by two fellowship‐trained musculoskeletal radiologists, who also quantified the sclerotic margin ratio. The intraclass correlation coefficient was used to determine inter‐observer agreement. The Mann–Whitney U test was applied for continuous clinical variables, and the chi‐square test or Fisher's exact test for categorical variables.ResultsIn our series, the mean age of these patients was 43.1 ± 14.0 years, six patients were male and 12 were female. Pain was the predominant preoperative symptom. The average duration from symptom onset to initial physician visit was 28.5 ± 25.3 months for benign schwannomas and 8.3 ± 4.3 months for malignant schwannomas (p = 0.012). On plain radiographs, 13 (13/14) of benign schwannomas exhibited well‐defined margins of bone destruction, compared to 1 (1/4) of malignant schwannomas (p = 0.019). Furthermore, benign schwannomas had a significantly higher sclerotic margin ratio (75.5%) than malignant ones (16.7%) (p = 0.001). No statistically significant difference was found between the two groups in terms of cortical bone destruction (p = 1.0). On MRI, both tumors demonstrated intermediate to slightly hypointense signal intensity on T1‐weighted images and heterogeneous high signal intensities on T2‐weighted images.ConclusionsDespite their rarity, benign and malignant intraosseous schwannomas should be considered in the differential diagnosis for patients presenting with painful and radiographically lytic bone lesions, especially in the mandible, sacrum, and vertebrae. The ratio of sclerotic margins, which we proposed for the first time, in combination with symptom duration and the clarity of tumor margins, provide valuable diagnostic clues for distinguishing the malignancy of the tumors.
Association of the Allelic Variations in Hd1, OsPRR37, Ghd7 and DTH8 With Major Agronomic Traits in Korean Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Cultivars
Authors: Lee Hayeong , Lee Seung Young , Han Jiheon , Kim Yurim , Jun Yeeun , Jeung Ji‐Ung , Lee Hyun‐Sook , Woo Dong U , Kang Yang Jae , Mo Youngjun 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTUnderstanding the complex genetic mechanisms controlling rice heading is crucial for rice breeding that aims to promote heading while minimizing adverse impacts on other agronomic traits. However, the allelic variations of major heading date genes in Korean rice cultivars and their effects on key agronomic traits remain unclear. Therefore, we catalogued the allele types of four major heading date genes (Hd1, OsPRR37, Ghd7 and DTH8) in 292 Korean commercial rice cultivars and investigated their individual and combined effects on major agronomic traits over 4 years under natural long‐day conditions. Our study showed that non‐functional hd1 allele have been extensively adopted in developing early maturing cultivars, whereas the alleles associated with early heading in OsPRR37, Ghd7 and DTH8 and their combinations have been rarely used in Korean rice breeding programmes. Alleles within the same functional group exhibited distinct effects on major agronomic traits, highlighting the need for more precise evaluations under isogenic backgrounds. Our study provides useful insights for breeding early maturing rice cultivars that maintain high yield by exploring under‐utilized alleles of heading date genes and their combinations.
MALDI‐TOF Mass Spectrometry Reveals the Effect of Acetyl‐L‐Carnitine on the Lipid Profile of Buffalo Oocytes and Cumulus Cells During In Vitro Maturation
Authors: Pu Li‐Ping , Chen Jia‐Wen , Yang Hai‐Long , Xu Hui‐Yan 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTLipids in cumulus–oocyte complexes are important actors in molecular signalling pathways and are influenced by maturation conditions. Acetyl‐L‐carnitine (ALC) is a carrier involved in fatty acid transport and is a promoter of β‐oxidation. Although the embryonic development potential of oocytes can be improved when ALC is added to the maturation medium, the effects of ALC on the lipid content and composition of oocytes and cumulus cells remain unknown. In this study, the effect of ALC supplementation on the lipid profiles of buffalo oocytes and cumulus cells after in vitro maturation was evaluated using positive‐ion matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionisation time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (MALDI‐TOF MS). Orthogonal projections to latent structures discriminant analysis was used to analyse the data. The lipid profiles of oocytes and cumulus cells differed following ALC treatment. Four lipids were significantly different in oocytes and eight in granulosa cells. ALC treatment significantly reduced the cellular content of these lipids, with the exception of phosphatidylcholine [PC(36:3) + H] + in oocytes and triacylglycerol [TAG(58:8) + NH4] + in granulosa cells. Further staining experiments confirmed that ALC treatment reduced the total lipid content in oocytes. Therefore, ALC treatment alters lipid metabolism in oocytes and cumulus cells during their maturation and accelerates lipid metabolism in oocytes. The findings of this study demonstrate that ALC enhances the rate of oocyte maturation by altering lipid metabolism in oocytes, providing both a clear direction for further research into regulatory mechanisms as well as a foundation for further improving oocyte maturation rates.
Risk and Time Preferences Among the Urban Poor in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al Lily Miriam , Liebenehm Sabine 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis paper investigates behavioral attitudes toward risk and time among the urban poor in Saudi Arabia by conducting an incentivized lab‐in‐the‐field experiment and exploring the correlations between these attitudes and demographic and socioeconomic characteristics that are relevant in the Saudi context. Specifically, the focus of this research is on cultural and religious indicators related to Bedouin heritage and the strength of religious beliefs as well as a set of different proxies for poverty, including income, assets, social welfare payments, and social capital. Accordingly, we define a discounted utility model, where we apply prospect theory and quasihyperbolic discounting. We then jointly estimate participants' risk and time preferences via a maximum likelihood approach. Our results suggest that, on average, poor urban Saudis exhibit high levels of risk aversion and patience; these findings are similar to those reported in other studies that have investigated Muslim respondents in rural settings. We also reveal that stronger religious beliefs are associated with higher levels of risk‐taking and a stronger preference for the present, whereas Bedouin heritage and asset‐related poverty in terms of home ownership and savings are related to higher levels of risk aversion and impatience.
Fibre Optic‐Based Patch Sensor for Crack Monitoring in Concrete Structures
Authors: de Souza Gomes Yago , Saidi Mohamed , Lushnikova Anna , Plé Olivier 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIn the context of the necessity to monitor civil engineering structures for accident prevention, this paper presents the performance of an innovative optical fibre patch sensor that can be embedded or glued on the concrete's surface. The sensor is composed of a fabric comprising an optical fibre network. When employed in concrete structures, it is capable of detecting opening cracks in the order of 0.01 mm, thereby satisfying the regulatory standards for limit states (Eurocode 2). This sensor is capable of accurately tracking the evolution of crack, including cyclic changes, by sensing both the increase and decrease in crack width. The procedure outlined in this paper includes a preliminary investigation into the influence of fibre diameter and density within the patch, which has revealed that fibres of 750 μm in diameter exhibit optimal performance, as well as the attachment method to concrete surfaces. Subsequently, the process of calibration is detailed, followed by numerous laboratory tests that were conducted on reinforced concrete samples of varying sizes. Comparisons and validations of optical fibre patch sensor measurements were performed using digital image correlation, resulting in a sensitivity of the sensors reaching 0.01 mm/K, and an accuracy ranging between 0.1% and 1%. The discussion within this paper considers the installation of this new sensor both externally and internally within real reinforced concrete structures.
Presentism, tenselessness and dates
Authors: Orilia Francesco 
Published: December 2024

AbstractTooley (2012) has attacked presentism by urging that dated tenseless sentences can be both meaningful and true, but they imply consequences that presentism cannot accept. Tooley is right is acknowledging tenseless language, because without it the competing theses in temporal ontology, including presentism, cannot be appropriately formulated and the ontological dispute risks to be unsubstantial. Thus, presentism should indeed acknowledge dated tenseless sentences. However, when properly interpreted, such sentences do not have the anti‐presentist consequences claimed by Tooley. The problem is that Tooley puts forward, rather than a proper interpretation, truth conditions that an eternalist could associate to them, in the light of eternalistically acceptable truthmakers. A presentist, however, would provide different truthmakers. We need a formal language that allows us to rigorously distinguish between proper interpretations of sentences and their truth conditions driven by different ontological views. One such language is sketched here in broad outline.