bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tendance des précipitations et évolution des écoulements dans un cadre de changement climatique : bassin versant de l’oued Mina en Algérie
Authors: Hallouz Faiza , Meddi Mohamed , Mahe Gil , Karahacane Hafsa , Ali Rahmani Salah Eddine 
Published: November 2019

Cette étude porte sur l’analyse de la variabilité spatiale et temporelle des indices de précipitation, température et débit dans le bassin versant de l’oued Mina (6 048 km2) dans le Nord-Ouest algérien pendant la période de 1979 à 2013. L’application du test non paramétrique de Kruskal-Wallis sur les indices de pluies a révélé que le total annuel des pluies et le nombre maximal de jours consécutifs pluvieux présentent une grande variabilité spatiale. Le nombre de jours de forts débits diminue du nord vers le sud du bassin. Quant au test de Mann-Kendall, il a révélé une tendance décroissante du total annuel des pluies. En revanche, les températures maximales et minimales ont significativement augmenté dans le temps. Il en est de même des séquences des jours secs consécutifs, des intensités des pluies et des jours extrêmement pluvieux. Aussi, la fréquence des jours avec des forts débits a diminué alors que celle avec des faibles débits a augmenté dans les trois oueds de Mina, Haddad et El Abd. Enfin, la baisse de pluies et l’augmentation de la température ont généré une diminution des ressources en eau.
Análise espacial e espaço-temporal das anomalias congênitas do sistema nervoso no Estado da Paraíba entre os anos de 2010 a 2016
Authors: Lima Luciana Moura Mendes de , Vianna Rodrigo Pinheiro de Toledo , Moraes Ronei Marcos de 
Published: November 2019

Introduction: In Brazil, congenital malformation anomaly of the nervous system has been the most frequent among the anomalies. Knowledge of your geographical distribution both in space as throughout the time, can assist public managers in the decision-making process about the areas that must be prioritized for the monitoring of this disease. Objective: Detecting spatial and spatio-temporal clusters of congenital malformations of nervous system. Methods: An ecological study based on secondary data from the National Information System on Live Births in the period from 2010 to 2016 in the state of Paraíba. We estimated the spatial incidence ratios and applied circular and spatio-temporal Scan statistics to detect clusters with of abovementioned malformations. Results: The spatial pattern was different throughout the years of the occurrence of these malformations, since the spatial clusters were detected on different regions of the state, except in the years 2013 and 2015, which revealed a higher concentration in the central-west and northwest regions of the state. The retrospective spatio-temporal analysis revealed three clusters that persisted during the years of 2015 and 2016. Conclusion: The findings indicated the regions that must be prioritized for the monitoring of congenital malformations of nervous system in the state of Paraíba in time and space.
Dinâmica de uso de psicofármacos e a relação com a psicoterapia psicanalítica na interface da saúde mental: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Damasceno Marcio Rocha , Bezerra Italla Maria Pinheiro , Nazaré Lídia Maria , Mendes Andréia Almeida , Abreu Luiz Carlos de 
Published: November 2019

Introduction: Drug use has been discussed by various authorities and health professionals, and a change in attitude. Among them, psychoanalysts and psychotherapists recognize the importance that the theme has been having in recent decades, considering the rational use of psychotropic drugs as supporting psychoanalytic treatment. Objective: To analyze the use of psychotropic drugs and their relationship with psychoanalytic psychotherapy in the interface of mental health. Methods: This is an integrative review of the MEDLINE Database based on a statement of preferred reports for systematic methods and meta-analyzes (PRISMA) through the descriptors: Psychotropic Drugs and Psychoanalysis Drug Therapy and Drug Misuse and Drug Use and Signs and Symptoms, filtering the results by title and summary specificity and only studies available in their full version and conducted in humans were detected. Results: 42 articles were selected for final analysis. The object of article analysis was submitted to the analyst who treats his patients and conducts clinical trials with drug interaction, as well as therapeutic transfer complement as a clinical resource for treatment of psychoanalytic sessions. In addition, the results of this drug interaction were evidenced as supporting factors in the clinical treatment of clients exposed to the clinical session. Final considerations: The use of psychoactive drugs and psychoanalytic psychotherapy Shows as an association capable of proving interaction and integration of the personality aspects and the psychological structure of the individual. It is a clinical condition that can be stimulated in the mental health treatment of individuals suffering from mental / emotional distress.
The Journey for Survival
Authors: Mohammed Larry Ibrahim 
Published: November 2019

It has been recorded that about two-thirds of those persecuted, tortured and killed in the European witchcraft hunt in the 17th century were women. In northern Ghana were about six witchcamps exist, almost all of the inhabitants who either run away from their villages or are sent to the various witchcamps as alleged witches are women. A witchcamp is a designated settlement within a community where people who are accused or found to be witches are made to live with each other.
There have been various efforts from different governments to shut down the witchcamps, but this effort has yielded no success. Accused witches and other stakeholders opine that the solution to their predicament does not emanate from the presence of the witchcamps but rather from socio-cultural practices from their various communities.
For some of the women in Gambaga who believe in the existence of witchcraft and do not explicitly profess to be witches themselves, my presentation would engage two questions. Firstly, to discuss the question of what accounts for the majority of women in the Gambaga witchcamp? And secondly, to understand what the concept of empowerment means to these accused women?
This presentation employs a post-colonial indigenous research paradigm where amongst other things the value systems, community beliefs and experiences of colonized peoples are given much prominence. At the same time, this paradigm calls to questions some features of African traditional cultures which are problematic. Discussions on the above questions will draw from the interviews I conducted with some of the accused women in the Gambaga witchcamp, A traditional diviner and some members of the community. I conducted fieldwork in the summer of 2019.
As this is a work in progress, my ideas are not fully developed. My presentation will therefore, benefit immensely from feedback especially on the gender perspectives, feminism and gender theories.
Computational methods for the ab initio identification of novel microRNA in plants: a systematic review
Authors: Manuweera Buwani , Reynolds Gillian , Kahanda Indika 
Published: November 2019

Background
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a vital role as post-transcriptional regulators in gene expression. Experimental determination of miRNA sequence and structure is both expensive and time consuming. The next-generation sequencing revolution, which facilitated the rapid accumulation of biological data has brought biology into the “big data” domain. As such, developing computational methods to predict miRNAs has become an active area of inter-disciplinary research.

Objective
The objective of this systematic review is to focus on the developments of ab initio plant miRNA identification methods over the last decade.

Data sources
Five databases were searched for relevant articles, according to a well-defined review protocol.

Study selection
The search results were further filtered using the selection criteria that only included studies on novel plant miRNA identification using machine learning.

Data extraction
Relevant data from each study were extracted in order to carry out an analysis on their methodologies and findings.

Results
Results depict that in the last decade, there were 20 articles published on novel miRNA identification methods in plants of which only 11 of them were primarily focused on plant microRNA identification. Our findings suggest a need for more stringent plant-focused miRNA identification studies.

Conclusion
Overall, the study accuracies are of a satisfactory level, although they may generate a considerable number of false negatives. In future, attention must be paid to the biological plausibility of computationally identified miRNAs to prevent further propagation of biologically questionable miRNA sequences.
Spoken Dialogue System: Its Applications in the Developing Countries and a Technology for Bridging the Digital Divide and Augmenting Scarce Services in those Countries
Authors: Olufemi Moses Oyelami 
Published: November 2019

Aims: This article reports the various application areas of the spoken dialogue system in the developing world to determine if the system could be used to bridge the digital divide prevalent in these regions of the world. The work also aims to identify in which developing nations is the system currently being put to use.
Study Design: A survey of twenty articles on the subject matter was carried out and their domains of the application were identified. The different forms of the evaluation carried out on them were also identified towards determining their outcomes positivity for bridging the digital divide. Various comments made of the different evaluations were also considered in determining the suitability of spoken dialogue systems in bridging the digital divide.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Computer Science and Information Technology, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria, between February 2013 and October 2019.
Methodology: The different domains of the works, the different forms of the evaluation carried out on the systems, the various comments consequent upon the testing of the systems by the participants and the developing countries where those works were carried out were identified. A position was now taken based on the results obtained.
Results: Nine of the works are in the healthcare domain, three in agriculture, one in banking, one in aviation, one in secretarial work, one in the accuracy of recognition, one in education and three having multiple domains. The various comments and results from the evaluations all point towards the system’s suitability for bridging the digital divide. The spoken dialogue system is currently being used in only six developing nations of the world.
Conclusion: Consequent upon the results obtained, it is clear that spoken dialogue systems can be used to bridge the digital divide in the developing world and that other application areas not yet covered could be explored for the benefits of the citizens of these regions, especially the digitally disadvantaged ones.
Avaliação micro e macroscópica de escovas dentais
Authors: Oliveira Gabriella Cordeiro , Soares Maria Carolina Valdivino , Laureano Isla Camilla Carvalho , Farias Lunna , Fernandes Liege Helena Freitas , Nonaka Cassiano Francisco Weege , Calvalcanti Alessandro Leite 
Published: November 2019

<div class="WordSection1"><p><strong>Introdução: </strong>As escovas dentais possuem como principal função a limpeza dos tecidos bucais. <strong>Objetivo</strong>: Analisar as características micro e macroscópicas de escovas dentais de uso infantil e adulto. <strong>Metodologia</strong>: Foram selecionadas 11 escovas dentais (cinco de uso infantil e seis de uso adulto). Dois pesquisadores treinados analisaram aspectos microcoscópicos e macroscópicos, de acordo com os parâmetros da Portaria n° 97/SVS (ANVISA). Os dados foram tabulados e analisados utilizando-se o Microsoft Excel, sendo apresentados por meio de estatística descritiva. <strong>Resultados</strong>: Foram encontradas cerdas arredondadas em 40% das escovas de uso infantil e em 66,7% de uso adulto, com farpas em 60% das escovas de uso infantil e em 50% de uso adulto, com a parte ativa ovalada em 60% das escovas de uso infantil e em 50% de uso adulto e com as cerdas macias em 80% das escovas de uso infantil e em 50% de uso adulto. O comprimento e a largura da parte ativa das de uso infantil variaram de 19,14 a 25,03 mm e de 8,82 a 13,98 mm respectivamente, enquanto, nas de uso adulto, o comprimento variou de 25,77 a 37,02 mm e a largura de 12,57 a 15,40 mm. As escovas de uso infantil possuíam comprimento total entre 137,91 e 163,82 mm e as de uso adulto entre 180,08 mm e 195,42 mm. <strong>Conclusão</strong>: A maioria das escovas dentais analisadas não estão adequadas aos parâmetros estabelecidos na legislação brasileira, sendo essencial que o cirurgião-dentista oriente individualmente o paciente acerca de qual escova é a mais indicada.</p></div>
Plasma urate concentrations and possible REM sleep behavior disorder
Authors: Shen Yun , Li Junjuan , Schwarzschild Michael , Pavlova Milena , He Songbin , Ascherio Alberto , Wu Shouling , Cui Liufu , Gao Xiang 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo examine how urate concentrations are related to the risk of having possible REM sleep behavior disorder (pRBD) in a community‐based cohort.MethodsThe study included 12,923 Chinese adults of the Kailuan Study, free of Parkinson disease (PD) and dementia. Plasma urate concentrations were measured in 2006, 2008, and 2010. Cumulative average urate concentration was used as primary exposure. In 2012, we determined pRBD status using a validated RBD questionnaire‐Hong Kong (RBDQ‐HK). Logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate the association between urate concentrations during 2006–2010 and odds of having pRBD in 2012 or pRBD case with symptom onset within 1 year.ResultsHigher average urate concentrations were associated with a lower odds of pRBD (P‐trend <0.001). The adjusted odds ratio (OR), for the highest versus lowest urate quintiles, was 0.43 (95% confidence intervals (CIs) 0.32–0.57). Significant association was consistently observed when we examined the association of a single urate assessment (2006 or 2010) or the rate of change in urate concentrations during 2006–2010 with pRBD (P‐trend <0.001 for all). However, restricting to pRBD onset during 2011–2012, we observed a nonsignificant trend between high urate concentration and high odds of pRBD (P‐trend = 0.09).InterpretationHigher average urate concentrations were associated with a lower likelihood of having pRBD, but not new‐onset pRBD. Because of its observational study design, the result should be interpreted with caution due to the possibility of residual confounding.
A machine learning algorithm successfully screens for Parkinson's in web users
Authors: Youngmann Brit , Allerhand Liron , Paltiel Ora , Yom‐Tov Elad , Arkadir David 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo develop, apply, and evaluate, a novel web‐based classifier for screening for Parkinson disease among a large cohort of search engine users.MethodsA supervised machine learning classifier learned to distinguish web users with self‐reported Parkinson's disease from controls based on their interactions with a search engine (Bing, Microsoft). It was then applied to groups of web users with low or high risk for actual Parkinson's disease. Textual content of web queries was used to sort surfers into the different risk groups, but not for classifying users as negative or positive for Parkinson's disease. Disease detection was unsolicited. Researchers did not have access to any identifying data on users.ResultsApplying the classifier (with an estimated positive predictive value of 25%) resulted in 17,843/1,490,987 (1.2%) web users over the age of 40 years screened positive for Parkinson's disease. This percentile was higher in at‐risk groups (Fisher exact P < 0.00001), including users who searched for information regarding the disease (518/804, 64.4%), and users with non‐motor Parkinson's symptom or with an affected relative (57/1064, 5.3%). Longitudinal follow‐up revealed that in all studied groups individuals classified as having the disease showed a higher mean rate of progression in disease‐related features (t‐test P < 0.05).InterpretationAn automatic classifier, based on mouse and keyboard interactions with a search engine, is able to reliably trace individuals at high risk for actual Parkinson's disease as well as to demonstrate more rapid progression of disease‐related signs in those who screened positive. This ability raises novel ethical issues.
Hierarchical Bimetallic Hydroxides Built by Porous Nanowire‐Lapped Bundles with Ultrahigh Areal Capacity for Stable Hybrid Solid‐State Supercapacitors
Authors: Li Zhiwei , He Shixue , Ji Chenchen , Mi Hongyu , Lei Chenchen , Li Zhan , Pang Huan , Fan Zuizui , Yu Chang , Qiu Jieshan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractExploring advanced electrode materials with superb energy/power densities and long lifetime as well as low cost is the recent focus of hybrid solid‐state supercapacitor (HSSC). This study reports a novel hierarchical bimetallic hydroxide (Ni1Co1‐OH) built by nanowire‐lapped bonfire‐like bundles through a facile and scalable method, and provides thorough insights into possible formation mechanism and structural merits of the interesting hierarchical architecture. Benefiting from multistep redox reactions, high accessible surface area and fast kinetics contributed by the unique structure, Ni1Co1‐OH using 2 m KOH electrolyte can achieve highly improved gravimetric capacity/capacitance of 876.8 C g−1/1753.6 F g−1 at active mass loading of 3 mg cm−2 at 1 A g−1, and especially deliver a record‐high areal capacity of 7.6 C cm−2 at 1 A g−1 under a commercial loading of 15 mg cm−2. 1.5 V Ni1Co1‐OH based HSSC with the poly(vinyl alcohol)/KOH gel electrolyte verifies the intriguing performance including high energy/power densities of 27.9 Wh kg−1/13812.9 W kg−1, a long life over 10 000 cycles, and a low self‐discharge rate with a voltage decline of 20% after 24 h. The findings identify the scalable production of high‐performance bimetal compounds, which will boost the development of highly demanding HSSC devices.
Access to 2‐Amino‐3‐Arylthiophenes by Base‐Catalyzed Redox Condensation Reaction Between Arylacetonitriles, Chalcones, and Elemental Sulfur
Authors: Nguyen Thi Thu Tram , Le Van Anh , Retailleau Pascal , Nguyen Thanh Binh 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA straightforward access to 2‐amino‐3‐arylthiophenes has been developed via one‐pot two‐step three‐component reaction of arylacetonitriles, chalcones and elemental sulfur. The first step consists of a DBU‐catalyzed formation of Michael adduct between arylacetonitriles and chalcones. The second step is a cascade of DABCO‐catalyzed sulfuration of the Michael adduct with elemental sulfur followed by an oxidative cyclization to afford thiophenes. Compared to the Gewald reactions and related transformations which are limited in acetonitriles bearing a methylene group activated by an α‐substituted electron withdrawing group as substrates, our method can be applied to a wide range of arylacetonitriles and requires only catalytic amounts of DBU and DABCO. The developed reaction opens an access to 3‐aryl‐2‐aminothiophenes complementary to classical Gewald reactions with high degree of structural diversity and atom efficiency.magnified image
Electrochemically Stable Sodium Metal‐Tellurium/Carbon Nanorods Batteries
Authors: Wang Hui , Tong Zhongqiu , Yang Rui , Huang Zhongming , Shen Dong , Jiao Tianpeng , Cui Xiao , Zhang Wenjun , Jiang Yang , Lee Chun‐Sing 
Published: November 2019

AbstractElectrochemical metal cells utilizing tellurium and sodium chemistry are being extensively explored for developing advanced high‐performance batteries. The daunting challenges, however, still remain with low rate capability/volumetric capacity, unclear redox reaction processes, and the notorious sodium dendrites. Here, a cell design that features a novel Te/carbon nanorods cathode and a tailored ether‐based electrolyte is reported. It is the first report of Na metal‐Te full batteries with performance comparable to those of reported Na‐S and Na‐Se batteries at low ratings. By using the semimetal Te instead of the insulating S or Se, the Na‐Te batteries actually outperform reported Na‐S and Na‐Se batteries at high ratings. Ab initio molecular dynamics simulations, UV–vis spectrum, ex situ X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy results clearly reveal a three‐step redox process and stability of the Na metal‐Te cells. These comprehensive results demonstrate the feasibility of practical Na metal‐Te batteries with high volumetric energy density and a viable cell fabrication cost.
An Efficient Sequential One‐Pot Approach for the Synthesis of C3‐Functionalized Imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridines under Transition‐Metal Free Conditions
Authors: Reddy Raju Jannapu , Shankar Angothu , Kumari Arram Haritha 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA metal‐free sequential one‐pot three‐component protocol is described for the synthesis of C3‐functionalized imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridines. A successive construction of imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridine followed by iodine‐catalysed sulfenylation has been achieved in a one‐pot operation from readily available α‐bromomethyl ketones, 2‐aminopyridines and thiosulfonates. An immense array of 3‐sulfenylimidazo[1,2‐a]pyridines were obtained in good to high yields. Also, the method extended for the synthesis of C3‐halogenated imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridines using sodium halides in the presence of K2S2O8. Notably, the reaction between α‐bromomethyl ketones and 2‐aminopyridines in the presence of K2S2O8 to yield 3‐bromo‐2‐aryl‐imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridines, thus implies α‐bromomethyl ketones also served as brominating agent. Overall, the present sequential one‐pot protocol is straightforward, operationally simple, tolerates a broad range of functional groups, and is reliable for gram‐scale experiments.
Analysis of Powders Containing Illicit Drugs Using Magnetic Levitation
Authors: Abrahamsson Christoffer K. , Nagarkar Amit , Fink Michael J. , Preston Daniel J. , Ge Shencheng , Bozenko Joseph S. , Whitesides George M. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMagneto‐Archimedes levitation (MagLev) enables the separation of powdered mixtures of illicit drugs (cocaine, methamphetamine, heroin, fentanyl, and its analogues), adulterants, and diluents based on density, and allows the presumptive identification of individual components. Small samples (mass <50 mg), with low concentrations of illicit drugs, present a particular challenge to analysis for forensic chemists. The MagLev device, a cuvette containing a solution of paramagnetic gadolinium(III) chelate in a non‐polar solvent, placed between two like‐poles‐facing NdFeB magnets, allowed separation of seven relevant compounds simultaneously. In particular, initial separation with MagLev, followed by characterization by FTIR‐ATR, enabled identification of fentanyl in a sample of fentanyl‐laced heroin (1.3 wt % fentanyl, 2.6 wt % heroin, and 96.1 wt % lactose). MagLev allows identification of unknown powders in mixtures and enables confirmatory identification based on structure‐specific techniques.