bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AWARENESS, KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE ABOUT DENGUE AMONG SOCIETY
Authors: P. J. PATIL , V. S. PATIL , R. D. CHAUDHARI , J. S. MALU 
Published: November 2020

Objective: The survey about dengue was carried out to gather the information about dengue fever, create awareness among the people. To determined the index of knowledge, attitude and awareness among the surveyed population about dengue.
Methods: The questionnaire was prepared under the guidance of a pharmacologist. Pilot study was conducted among ten nos. of the population prior actual study. Questionnaire was revised and finalized according to an input of the pilot study. This questionnaire presented to the hundred peoples of different age group. Method involves face to face interview and seeking answers for different questions. Responses were recorded for further analysis and interpretation. Responses were sorted and analyzed. Different questions were categorized into the domain of awareness, knowledge and attitude. Data was presented in the form of graphs.
Results: Percentage of awareness, knowledge and attitude found to be 59, 44, 52 respectively. It is observed that three parameters are almost in the range of fifty percent. Precautions plays vital role in prevention of Dengue.
Conclusion: it is concluded that there is scope for improvement for creating awareness, knowledge and attitude among the surveyed population as representative of the general population. This may help to overcome the risk of this communicable and deadly disease.
A PROSPECTIVE STUDY ON RISK FACTORS OF IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA IN PREGNANT WOMEN AND THEIR MANAGEMENT
Authors: KUMAR R. DINESH , RAJA M. BOOPATHI , P. S. SREEVEENA , MATHEW RACHEL ANN 
Published: November 2020

Objective: Iron deficiency anemia during pregnancy leads to preterm birth, low birth weight and increases the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) and the reason for the incidence of PPH is higher in India compared with the rest of the world. In this study, our main goal was to find out the risk factors and complications of iron deficiency anemia and their management in pregnant women.
Methods: It is a prospective study done at Obstetrics and Gynecology Department in Government District Headquarters Hospital, Tiruppur. All subjects were analyzed in full detail and hemoglobin estimation was also done to the patients.
Results: Study found that 52% shows moderate anemia followed by 30% mild and 18% severe, respectively. Risk factors are found in 55% cases. Study found an association between risk factors and severity of anemia.
Conclusion: Iron deficiency anemia continues to be the commonest etiology of anemia in pregnancy. The prevalence of iron deficiency in a pregnant woman is amongst the highest in the world. Untreated iron deficiency has significant adverse feto-maternal consequences. Iron supplementation and antenatal care are the basic requirements to prevent anemia.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF CONJUNCTIVAL AUTOGRAFT AND BARE SCLERA TECHNIQUES IN THE TREATMENT OF PTERYGIUM
Authors: IDRIS M. MUHAMMAD , DIVYA N. , VEERAMANI V. PANIMALAR A. , BHASKARAN BINDU 
Published: November 2020

Objective: Pterygium is a fibrovascular growth encroaching from the conjunctiva into the cornea. This study deals with the comparison of conjunctival autograft and bare sclera technique as treatment options for pterygium.
Methods: This study was done in the ophthalmology department of Saveetha Medical College, Thandalam, Chennai. A total of 100 patients were diagnosed of pterygium was taken for the study, out of which 60 patients were operated on with conjunctival autograft and 40 patients were operated with bare sclera technique. Patients with hypertension, diabetes mellitus were excluded. Post-operative complications and recurrence were noted. All the patients were between the age group of 20-65 y.
Results: The mean age of patients operated with conjunctival autograft was 43.6, whereas in bare sclera technique was 46.625. The maximum age was 63 and the minimum age was 23 in conjunctival autograft whereas in bare sclera technique, the maximum age was 64 and the minimum age was 22. The recurrence rate of pterygium in conjunctival autograft was 1 and the recurrence rate of pterygium in bare sclera technique was 4.
Conclusion: The present study revealed that conjunctival autograft was a better treatment option compared to the bare sclera technique for excision of pterygium
ANTIBACTERIAL EFFECTIVENESS OF PROSOPIS JULIFLORA AGAINST AEROBIC AND ANAEROBIC BACTERIA
Authors: V. AISHWARYA , G. BHUVANESHWARI , GRACE J. R. LILLY , VENNILA ROSY 
Published: November 2020

Objective: The aim of this study is to analyse the antibacterial effectiveness of the leaf extract of Prosopis juliflora against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria and the objectives include maintaining the culture of Clostridium perfringens ATCC 3624, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, E. coli ATCC 25922 and to obtain an extract from the leaves of Prosopis juliflora by water extraction method. Agar cup diffusion testing is carried out to test the effectiveness of the extracted herb against the isolated strains of the above-mentioned bacteria.
Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted for 6 mo in the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory at SMCH. Extract from the leaves of Prosopis juliflora was collected by a water extraction method. Isolation of Clostridium perfringens (from RCMB), Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were done, following which the agar cup diffusion method was performed in which the collected extracts were placed as discs in the agar plate which had been inoculated with the strains of the isolated bacteria. The agar plate was then incubated anaerobically. Agar cup diffusion method is considered as a primary method to determine the antimicrobial effectiveness of the bacteria.
Results: The leaf extract of Prosopis juliflora was found to be effective against both aerobic and anaerobic bacterial strains.
Conclusion: Based on the work, the effectiveness of Prosopis juliflora was determined and the mechanism of susceptibility was identified. With future research works in the field, many such natural herbal extracts can be proven to be effective against many pathogenic microorganisms.
Penegakan Hukum Pidana Internasional dalam Kejahatan Perang terhadap Kemanusiaan
Authors: Muhammad Fadil , Sudini Luh Putu , Sujana I Nyoman 
Published: November 2020

War is a condition in which one party subdues its opponent to fulfill his will, a physical or non-physical act between two or more human groups to dominate. The formulation of the problem of this research is how the role of International Criminal Law on law enforcement in war crimes against humanity and how the state responsibility in war crimes against humanity in International Criminal Law. This research method uses the type of normative legal research by doing the assessment based on legal materials of the literature and is a process to find the rule of law, legal principles, and legal doctrines to answer the legal issues faced. War crimes and crimes against humanity are two types of international crimes that exist in twenty international criminal types designed by ILC (International Law Commission) to design the establishment of an international criminal tribunal. The conclusion of this study is the role of International Criminal Law in war crimes against humanity can be concluded that is contained in conventions contained in International Humanitarian Law contains only command or prohibition only but international criminal law have role in giving criminal sanction against violation of command or prohibition that and the state's responsibility in international criminal law can be an obligation to prosecute international criminal offenders encountered in various instruments of International Law. The form of state responsibility under the Rome Statute is that States Parties shall have two main obligations: States Parties shall bring each perpetrator of genocide, crimes against humanity, criminal acts of war and criminal acts of aggression before the courts and the participating States in imposing their jurisdiction in enforcement of International Criminal Law must cooperate fully in the enforcement of International Criminal Law.
Tanggung Jawab Keperdataan dalam Pengangkutan Udara atas Keterlambatan Jadwal Penerbangan
Authors: Legiman Febriana Samsi , Sudini Luh Putu , Sutama I Nyoman 
Published: November 2020

Aviation is a vehicle that is part of transportation that has the ability to move quickly in time, which is able to lift goods and people from one area to another using high capabilities, and requires high safety and security interests in order to help create distribution that is good. steady and smooth. This article aims to find out the civil liability for delays in flights that harming passengers and compensation provided by the carrier to passengers in the event of delay due to default. The type of research used in the writing of this law is normative research. The approach used is the approach of the Act. In practice, airlines are responsible for any losses suffered by passengers in the event of flight delays / delays in the performance of airline duties in accordance with the principle of responsibility based on the element of error. Forms of airline liability against loss suffered by passengers in the event of a flight delays / delay in the implementation of the duties of airlines in the form of burdened return ticket, food and beverage and move passengers to the next flight.
Архиерейский двор в Тверском кремле: опыт реконструкции
Authors: Salimov Aleksey 
Published: November 2020

Епископская кафедра в Твери появилась во второй поло­вине XIII века в период формирования Тверского княжества. Она стала результатом энергичных и весьма дальновидных действий первого тверского князя Ярослава Ярославича, который в середине 60-х - начале 70-х годов XIII века яв­лялся одновременно великим владимирским князем. Тогда же в Тверском кремле началось создание Владычной резиденции, все постройки которой изначально, вероятно, были деревян­ными. Каменные сооружения появились на архиерейском дворе, по всей видимости, в XV веке - практически одновре­менно или несколько позже каменных палат Княжьего двора. В XVI веке на территории владычного комплекса строятся новые каменные здания, фасады которых декорируют полив­ными изразцами по типу тех, что украшали Борисоглебский собор 1558-1561 годов в Старице.
Наивысшего расцвета ансамбль архиерейского двора достигает во второй половине - конце XVII века, когда пода­вляющее большинство построек комплекса возводят в камне. Без особых изменений Владычная резиденция существовала до пожара 1736 года, который коренным образом изменил судьбу позднесредневекового ансамбля. В результате часть каменных палат была разобрана, а новый архиерейский дво­рец возвели на ранее свободном от застройки месте. Позже его отдельные компартименты вошли в состав ныне суще­ствующего Императорского путевого дворца Екатерины II.
Непростая архитектурная история архиерейского двора в Тверском кремле вот уже почти три десятилетия изучается археологами. За эти годы был накоплен значительный матери­ал, который вкупе с другими источниками позволяет в целом определиться с границами и характером застройки городской резиденции тверского архиерея, где среди зданий комплекса находились каменные постройки XV, XVI и XVII веков[1].

[1] Работа выполнена по Программе фундаментальных научных исследований Российской академии архитектуры и строительных наук (РААСН) и Научно-исследовательского института теории и истории архитектуры и градостроительства (филиала ФГБУ «ЦНИИП Минстроя России» НИИТИАГ), а также при поддержке РФФИ, в рамках научного проекта № 19-012-00025.
Sounds Good to Me: How Communication Mode and Priming Affect Auditor Performance
Authors: Durkin Mary Parlee , Jollineau S. Jane , Lyon Sarah C. 
Published: November 2020

SUMMARY
Audit associates routinely interact with clients to request explanations and evidence regarding financial statement account balances. Client explanations may be vague or incomplete. We examine whether auditors' assessments of the quality of client explanations and their decision to follow-up with the client are influenced by (1) communication modes that vary in media richness, and (2) a prime that is intended to stimulate skeptical behavior. Media richness refers to the amount of data inherent in the communication mode. We predict that richer communication modes, such as video, can be more distracting than less rich communication modes, such as email. More distracted auditors will assess the quality of the client's response as higher and are less likely to follow-up with the client—potentially impairing audit quality and increasing audit risk. We predict and find that a prime that focuses auditors on the verifiability of the client's response will mitigate this behavior.
Effect of salvianolic acid B on new bone formation in the orthopedically expanded suture:
Authors: Kayalar Emre , Deynek Gul Tas , Tok Olgu Enis , Kucuk Sevim 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT

Objectives
To determine the effects of Salvianolic acid B (Sal B) on new bone formation in the orthopedically expanded premaxillary sutures in rats.

Materials and Methods
The sample consisting of Sprague Dawley rats (male, n = 14) was split in half by random selection: the experiment group (Sal B) and the control group. The premaxillary suture of each rat was expanded by bonding an open-loop spring to two maxillary incisors, each end to one tooth. A 5-day expansion period followed by a 12-day retention period was conducted. The 17-day intraperitoneal administration of Sal B was performed daily for the experiment group at a dose of 40 mg/kilo. The trial was completed after sacrificing the rats and dissection of the premaxillae for histological analysis. The amount of new bone, quantity of capillaries and intensity of inflammatory cells were histomorphometrically determined while the quantities of osteoblasts and osteoclasts were determined immunohistochemically.

Results
The Sal B group was significantly different from the control group and had greater quantities of new bone, capillaries, inflammatory cells, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts.

Conclusions
Salvianolic acid B displays a positive effect during premaxillary expansion with a greater number of capillaries potentially in association with higher bone formation and improved angiogenesis in rats.
Meningkatkan Aktivitas Belajar Bahasa Indonesia Melalui Model Pembelajaran Pertemuan Kelas Pada Kelas V SDN 3 Pekanbaru
Authors: Sovia Desriana , Nursalim Nursalim 
Published: November 2020

This study aims to describe the increase in studen learing activities on Indonesia language lessons through the application of learning models for class meetings in class V SDN 3 Pekanbaru. The study was mitivated by the low of students’ activities at Indonesian Language subject. The problems ware caused by some factors : the teacher used Monotonous way in teaching, the students were diffuclt in understanding the Subject, the were shy in delivering their ideas, the students were playing With their friend in studying, the students did not focus on studying, and they have Low interest instudy. The formulation of study were whether the use class meeting Learning model increased learning activities of Indonesian language at the fifth Year students of state elementary school 3 Pekanbaru.The study was done into two cycles, the first cycle and the second cycle were done into one meeting. For the success of study the writer arranged the following stages namely: 1) the preparation of action, 2) the implementation of action, 3) observation, 4) reflection.The success of class meeting model was known on the improvement of students’ learning activities in Indonesia language subject prior action at the first cycle and at the second cycle. Students’ learnig activities at prior action was categorized “low” as the number of 59 was in the range 45-64 and the average was 58,9%. At the first cycle students’ learning activities was categorized “enough” as the score 66 was in the range 65-74 and the average was 66,1%. At the second cycle students’ learning activities was categorized “very good” because the number 89 was in the range of 85-100 and the average was 88.7%. this means that class meeting learning model improved students’ learning activities of Indonesia language at the fifth year students of state elementary school 3 Pekanbaru.
Applying the functional independence measure to the assessment of patients with mucopolysaccharidosis
Authors: Almeida Matos Marcos , Silva Lopes Paloma , Rodrigues Corsini Allan , Rodi Julia , Fong Chin-To 
Published: November 2020

Introduction:
The aim of the study is to assess the functional independence of a group of patients with mucopolysaccharidosis using the Functional Independence Measure as a tool that accomplishes this purpose.
Methods:
This is a cross-sectional study of patients with mucopolysaccharidosis. Our data was collected between June 2015 and July 2016. In addition to history of present illness and physical examination each study participant was asked to answer a questionnaire to specifically evaluate their functional independence using the Functional Independence Measure. The internal consistency of the Functional Independence Measure was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient.
Results:
We collected data on 20 patients with mucopolysaccharidosis. The average age was 10.8 (8.67-13.03) years, the average weight was 23.6 (19,91-27,37) kg and the average height was 1 (0.83-1.17) m. The most prevalent type of mucopolysaccharidosis in the study was type VI (n=14). The average total Functional Independence Measure score was 104.4 (97.61-111.19), the average for the Mobility domain was 73.50 (68.22-78.78) and the average for the Cognitive Function domain was 30.90 (28.68-33.13). The internal consistency of the entire questionnaire was 0.859, with values of 0.966 for the Mobility domain and 0.624 for the Cognitive Function domain.
Conclusion:
The lowest Functional Independence Measure scores were obtained in the following sub-domains: Self-care, Locomotion and Cognitive Function. The Functional Independence Measure questionnaire demonstrated internal consistency for the evaluation of functional independence in patients with mucopolysaccharidosis, being able to value all the affected sub-domains separately.
Spontaneous hemorrhage after external ventricular drain placement in the setting of low factor VII secondary to liver cirrhosis
Authors: Chua Melissa Ming Jie , Das Alvin S. , Losman Julie Aurore , Patel Nirav J. , Izzy Saef 
Published: November 2020

Background:
Alterations in normal coagulation and hemostasis are critical issues that require special attention in the neurosurgical patient. These disorders pose unique challenges in the management of these patients who often have concurrent acute ischemic and hemorrhagic injuries. Although neurosurgical intervention in such cases may be unavoidable and potentially life-saving, these patients should be closely observed after instrumentation.

Case Description:
A 57-year-old male with liver cirrhosis secondary to amyloid light-chain amyloidosis was admitted to the intensive care unit for the management of delayed hydrocephalus. An external ventricular drain (EVD) was placed for the treatment and monitoring of hydrocephalus. Five days after EVD placement, a head computed tomography scan revealed a tract hemorrhage. However, on repeated imaging, the size of the hemorrhage continued to increase despite aggressive blood pressure control and several doses of phytonadione. Extensive coagulopathy workup was remarkable for low factor VII levels. In that setting, recombinant activated factor VII was administered to normalize factor VII levels, and the tract hemorrhage stabilized.

Conclusion:
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of spontaneous hemorrhage after EVD placement in the setting of liver cirrhosis-associated factor VII deficiency. Our case highlights the importance of identifying coagulation disorders in neurosurgical patients at high risk for coagulopathy and closely monitoring them postoperatively.
Lumbar revision microdiscectomy in patients with recurrent lumbar disc herniation: A single-center prospective series
Authors: Ahsan Md. Kamrul , Hossain Md. Rashedul , Khan Md. Shahidul Islam , Zaman Naznin , Ahmed Nazmin , Montemurro Nicola , Chaurasia Bipin 
Published: November 2020

Background:
Recurrent lumbar disc herniation (RLDH) is a common complication following primary microdiscectomy. Notably, revision surgery for recurrent disc herniation typically warrants “aggressive discectomy (AD)” rather than microdiscectomy due to the marked changes in anatomy, including postoperative scar. Here, we prospectively evaluated clinical outcomes of 22 RLDH patients following secondary aggressive discectomy (AD).

Methods:
Records of 15 males and seven females averaging 41.7 years of age (range 21–60) who developed RLDH following primary microdiscectomy at the L4-5 (n = 12) and L5-S1 (n = 10) levels were studied. All patients underwent secondary AD for recurrent lesions (2014–2019). Multiple clinical parameters were assessed for these 22 patients. Outcomes were evaluated an average of 28.8 months postoperatively and included assessment of visual analog scales (VASs) and Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) Scores.

Results:
The VAS scores for back and radicular pain significantly improved, as did the JOA scores following surgery in all 22 patients after secondary AD.

Conclusion:
The authors concluded that secondary conventional revision discectomy (e.g., AD) effectively and safely managed RLDH.
Influence of genotype and environment on DNA methylation within shared index loci of schizophrenia and intelligence
Authors: Алфимова М.В. , Кондратьев Н.В. , Болгов М.И. , Габаева М.В. , Голимбет В.Е. 
Published: November 2020

Целью работы была оценка вклада гаплотипов и полисредового риска (ПСР) в вариативность метилирования ДНК в локусах риска шизофрении. В периферической крови 70 пациентов методом одномолекулярного секвенирования Pacbio бисульфитно-конвертированной ДНК исследовали фрагменты внутри генов MIR137HR и CYP17A1 и вблизи SLC39A8. Из почти 1000 изученных цитозинов восемь были вариативно метилированы. Для семи из них обнаружено влияние генотипа. Дополнительно в одном случае найден эффект взаимодействия генотипа и ПСР и в одном - главный эффект ПСР. Таким образом, у больных в изученных участках вариативность метилирования преимущественно обусловлена структурой ДНК.
The study aimed to assess the contribution of haplotypes and polyenvironmental risk scores (PERS) to DNA methylation variability in schizophrenia index loci. In peripheral blood of 70 patients, fragments within the MIR137HR and CYP17A1 genes and near SLC39A8 were studied by Pacbio-based single-molecule real-time bisulfite sequencing. Of about 1000 cytosines, only eight were variably methylated. Genotypes influenced seven of them. Additionally, in one case an interaction effect of haplotype and PERS and in another case a main effect of PERS were found. Thus, in the studied schizophrenia loci, variable methylation is mainly due to DNA structure.
The effect of the interaction of human leukocyte antigen G (HLA-G) and preterm birth on clinical features of schizophrenia
Authors: Коровайцева Г.И. , Габаева М.В. , Юнилайнен О.А. , Голимбет В.Е. 
Published: November 2020

Изучена связь INDEL полиморфизма гена HLA-G с шизофренией и ее клиническими особенностями с учетом средового фактора. Выявлено взаимодействие изучаемого полиморфизма и преждевременных родов и его влияние на выраженность позитивной симптоматики у женщин-носителей генотипа I/I.
The effect of INDEL polymorphism of the HLA-G gene on the risk of schizophrenia and its clinical features was studied. There was the interaction between this polymorphism and preterm birth as an environmental factor that influenced positive symptoms scores in women with the I/I genotype.