bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-term outcomes of endoscopic submucosal dissection versus surgery for treating early gastric cancer of undifferentiated-type
Authors: Guo Anbing , Du Chao , Tian Shuni , Sun Liangxu , Guo Mingxiao , Lu Lin , Peng Lijun 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Application of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for treating undifferentiated-type early gastric cancers (EGCs) remains controversial. Therefore, we aimed to compare long-term outcomes of ESD with those of surgery for patients with undifferentiated-type EGCs by a retrospective study.
We retrospectively reviewed data of patients who underwent curative ESD or gastrectomy for undifferentiated-type EGCs between 2010 and 2017. Gastric cancers were undifferentiated-type adenocarcinoma without ulceration confined to the mucosal layer and 2 cm or smaller in size. Demographics, complications, recurrence cancer rates, and survival data were collected and compared.
Forty patients who underwent curative ESD and 52 patients who underwent surgery were included. The median follow-up duration was 74.6 months. There was no significant difference of metachronous gastric cancer rate (5.0% vs 3.8%, P = .75) or total cancer recurrence rate (10.0% vs 3.8%, P = .33) between the 2 groups. The 5-year overall survival, disease-free survival, recurrence-free survival rates did not significantly differ between the 2 groups (P = .72, .26, .27 respectively). There were no gastric cancer-related deaths in either group.
Long-term outcomes after curative ESD for undifferentiated-type EGCs that met the expanded indication were comparable to that achieved with surgery. ESD without additional surgery is an acceptable choice to treat undifferentiated-type EGCs that meet the curative criteria.
The utility of electrodiagnostic inching study and conservative treatment in supracondylar process syndrome
Authors: Chun Se-Woong , Lim Seung-Kyu 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Rationale:
Supracondylar process is a rare bony anomaly that can cause neurovascular symptoms. Previous reports on supracondylar process syndrome mostly suspect the condition by physical examination and simple radiograph with little assistance of electrodiagnostic methods and report efficiency of surgical treatment.

Patients concerns:
A 45-year-old woman working at an assembly line packing boxes presented with tingling pain at her middle and ring fingers that started 2 months ago. She had positive Tinel sign at the medial side of the distal arm.

Diagnosis:
Electrodiagnostic inching study on median nerve was conducted and the conduction velocity at the segment between 3 cm to 5 cm proximal to the elbow crease was decreased to 27m/s. Following imaging studies revealed supracondylar process at 4.2 cm proximal to the medial epicondyle. She was successfully treated with conservative treatment.

Interventions:
Oral medications including Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug and pregabalin were prescribed along with superficial and deep heat modalities. The extent of manual labor was modified. Additionally, self-massage and stretching/nerve-gliding exercises were delivered.

Outcomes:
The symptoms substantially improved and she could sleep without trouble, however, complete resolution was not achieved. After a year, she was nearly symptom-free after changing occupations with only occasional tingling after manual labor of unusual intensity.

Lessons:
This case report enlightens the versatility of electrodiagnostic inching study in localizing median neuropathy at the distal arm and the effectiveness of conservative treatment in supracondylar process syndrome.
Clinical significance of circulating tumor cells detection in renal cell carcinoma with thrombus
Authors: Ge Liyuan , Song Yimeng , Yang Feilong , Zhao Guojiang , Lu Min , Zhang Shudong , Ma Lulin 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the potential role of circulating tumor cell (CTC) detection in the surgical assessment of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients with thrombi.
Nine patients diagnosed with renal mass and thrombi were enrolled from June 2018 to January 2019. Blood samples were collected for CTC detection using SE-iFISH assay. CD45, DAPI, programmed death ligand 1, and fluorescence in situ hybridization with the centromere of chromosome 8 (CEP8) were immune-stained for analysis. Patient demographics, clinical features, pathological characteristics, and CTC detection results were extracted for analysis.
Seven of 9 patients (77.8%) had 12 detectable CTCs, 5 of which were with CEP8-positive signal ≥5 and the others were CEP8-positive signal = 3. All 3 patients (100%) with IVC invasion had detectable CTCs, whereas CTCs were detected in 4 of 6 patients (66.7%) without IVC invasion. CEP8 analysis revealed that CTCs in IVC invasion patients were all of CEP8-positive signal ≥5 status, whereas only half of the CTCs in patients without IVC invasion were of CEP8-positive signal ≥5 pattern.
In conclusion, both CTC subtype and total CTC number may serve as a marker for predicting inferior vena cava invasion in RCC patients.
The role of intrasphincteric botulinum toxin injection in the management of functional biliary pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Menon Shyam , Kurien Reuben , Mathew Ray 
Published: May 2020

Background
The management of postcholecystectomy functional biliary pain or Type III sphincter of Oddi dysfunction is challenging. The Evaluating Predictors and Interventions in Sphincter of Oddi Dysfunction study has demonstrated the lack of efficacy of endoscopic sphincterotomy in the management of Type III sphincter of Oddi dysfunction.

Objective and methods
Botulinum toxin injection to the sphincter of Oddi has been reported as being effective in uncontrolled studies. We sought to understand its pooled efficacy in controlling pancreaticobiliary pain in a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Results
Our literature review yielded 10 studies (416 patients) and on random effects meta-analysis, the pooled efficacy of intrasphincteric botulinum toxin injection in alleviating symptoms of pancreaticobiliary was 49% (complete response) and 64% (partial response). One patient developed mild pancreatitis postprocedure and five patients needed postprocedure hospital admission for pain management. The effect of botulinum toxin injection was transient and in the majority of studies, and a positive response to botulinum toxin injection was followed by an endoscopic sphincterotomy. In one study, relapse of pain was managed by repeat botulinum toxin injections with success.

Conclusion
Intermittent botulinum toxin injection could be a potential option in the overall management strategy of patients with Type III sphincter of Oddi dysfunction, in conjunction with medical management with neuromodulatory medication.
Impact of Recipient Age in Combined Liver-Kidney Transplantation: Caution Is Needed for Patients ≥70 Years
Authors: Ekser Burcin , Goggins William C. , Fridell Jonathan A. , Mihaylov Plamen , Mangus Richard S. , Lutz Andrew J. , Soma Daiki , Ghabril Marwan S. , Lacerda Marco A. , Powelson John A. , Kubal Chandrashekhar A. 
Published: May 2020

Background.
Elderly recipients (≥70 y) account for 2.6% of all liver transplants (LTs) in the United States and have similar outcomes as younger recipients. Although the rate of elderly recipients in combined liver-kidney transplant (CLKT) is similar, limited data are available on how elderly recipients perform after CLKT.

Methods.
We have previously shown excellent outcomes in CLKT using delayed kidney transplant (Indiana) Approach (mean kidney cold ischemia time = 53 ± 14 h). Between 2007 and 2018, 98 CLKTs were performed using the Indiana Approach at Indiana University (IU) and the data were retrospectively analyzed. Recipients were subgrouped based on their age: 18–45 (n = 16), 46–59 (n = 34), 60–69 (n = 40), and ≥70 years (n = 8).

Results.
Overall, more elderly patients received LT at IU (5.2%) when compared nationally (2.6%). The rate of elderly recipients in CLKT at IU was 8.2% (versus 2% Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipient). Recipient and donor characteristics were comparable between all age groups except recipient age and duration of dialysis. Patient survival at 1 and 3 years was similar among younger age groups, whereas patient survival was significantly lower in elderly recipients at 1 (60%) and 3 years (40%) (P = 0.0077). Control analyses (replicating Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipient’s survival stratification: 18–45, 46–64, ≥65 y) showed similar patient survival in all age groups.

Conclusions.
Although LT can be safely performed in elderly recipients, extreme caution is needed in CLKT due to the magnitude of operation.
Controlling wireframe DNA origami nuclease degradation with minor groove binders
Authors: Wamhoff Eike-Christian , Huang Hellen , Read Benjamin J. , Ginsburg Eric , Schief William R. , Farrell Nicholas , Irvine Darrell J. , Bathe Mark 
Published: May 2020

AbstractVirus-like DNA nanoparticles have emerged as promising vaccine and gene delivery platforms due to their programmable nature that offers independent control over size, shape, and functionalization. However, as biodegradable materials, their utility for specific therapeutic indications depends on their structural integrity during biodistribution to efficiently target cells, tissues, or organs. Here, we explore reversible minor groove binders to control the degradation half-lives of wireframe DNA origami. Bare, two-helix DNA nanoparticles were found to be stable under typical cell culture conditions in presence of bovine serum, yet they remain susceptible to endonucleases, specifically DNAse I. Moreover, they degrade rapidly in mouse serum, suggesting species-specific degradation. Blocking minor groove accessibility with diamidines resulted in substantial protection against endonucleases, specifically DNAse-I. This strategy was found to be compatible with both varying wireframe DNA origami architectures and functionalization with protein antigens. Our stabilization strategy offers distinct physicochemical properties compared with established cationic polymer-based methods, with synergistic therapeutic potential for minor groove binder delivery for infectious diseases and cancer.
3D chromatin organization changes modulate adipogenesis and osteogenesis
Authors: Hao Ruo-Han , Guo Yan , Guo Jing , Rong Yu , Yao Shi , Chen Yi-Xiao , Dong Shan-Shan , Zhu Dong-Li , Chen Hao , Yang Tie-Lin 
Published: May 2020

AbstractHuman mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) can be differentiated into adipocytes and osteoblasts. While the transcriptomic and epigenomic changes during adipogenesis and osteogenesis have been characterized, what happens to the chromatin loops is hardly known. Here we induced hMSCs to adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation, and performed 2 kb resolution Hi-C experiments for loop detection and generated RNA-seq, histone modification ChIP-seq and ATAC-seq data for integrative analysis before and after differentiation. We quantitatively identified differential contact loops and unique loops. After integrating with multi-omics data, we demonstrate that strengthened loops after differentiation are associated with gene expression activation. Specially, unique loops are linked with cell fate determination. We also proposed loop-mediated regulatory networks and identifiedIRS2andRUNX2as being activated by cell-specific loops to facilitate adipocytes and osteoblasts commitment, respectively. These results are expected to help better understand the long-range regulation in controlling hMSC differentiation, and provide novel targets for studying adipocytes and osteoblasts determination.
Status and prospects of marine NIS detection and monitoring through (e)DNA metabarcoding
Authors: Duarte Sofia , Vieira Pedro E. , Lavrador Ana S. , Costa Filipe O. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn coastal ecosystems, non-indigenous species (NIS) are recognized as a major threat to biodiversity, ecosystem functioning and socio-economic activities. Here we present a systematic review on the use of metabarcoding for NIS surveillance in marine and coastal ecosystems, through the analysis of 42 publications. Metabarcoding has been mainly applied to environmental DNA (eDNA) from water samples, but also to DNA extracted from bulk organismal samples. DNA extraction kits have been widely used and the 18S rRNA and the COI genes the most employed markers, but less than half of the studies targeted more than one marker loci. The Illumina MiSeq platform has been used in >50% of the publications. Current weaknesses include potential occurrence of false negatives due to the primer-biased or faulty DNA amplification and the incompleteness of reference libraries. This is particularly concerning in the case of NIS surveillance, where proficiency in species level detection is critical. Until these weaknesses are resolved, ideally NIS metabarcoding should be supported by complementary approaches, such as morphological analysis or more targeted molecular approaches (e.g. qPCR, ddPCR). Even so, metabarcoding has already proved to be a highly sensitive tool to detect small organisms or undifferentiated life stages across a wide taxonomic range. In addition, it also seems to be very effective in ballast water management and to improve the spatial and temporal sampling frequency of NIS surveillance in marine and coastal ecosystems. Although specific protocols may be required for species-specific NIS detection, for general monitoring it would be vital to settle on a standard protocol able to generate comparable results among surveillance campaigns and regions of the globe, seeking the best approach for detecting the broadest range of species, while minimizing the chances of a false positive or negative detection.
Lysosomal dysfunction impairs mitochondrial quality control and predicts neurodegeneration in TBCKE
Authors: Tintos-Hernandez Jesus A , Keller Kierstin N. , Santana Adrian , Ortiz-Gonzalez Xilma R 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBiallelic variants in TBC1-domain containing kinase (TBCK) cause intellectual disability in children. It remains unclear how variants inTBCKlead to a neurodevelopmental disorder and what biological factors modulate the variability of clinical severity. Previous studies showed increased autophagosomes in patients sharing the truncating (p.R126X) Boricua homozygousTBCKvariant, who exhibit a severe and progressive neurodegenerative phenotype. Since defects in mitophagy are linked to neurodegenerative disorders, we tested whether mitophagy and mitochondrial function are altered inTBCK-/-fibroblasts. Our data shows significant accumulation of mitophagosomes, reduced mitochondrial respiratory capacity, and mtDNA depletion. Furthermore, mitochondrial dysfunction correlates with the severity of the neurological phenotype. Since effective mitophagy and degradation of mitophagosomes ultimately depends on successful lysosomal degradation, we also tested lysosomal function. Our data shows that lysosomal proteolytic function is significantly reduced inTBCK-/-fibroblasts. Moreover, acidifying lysosomal nanoparticles rescue the mitochondrial respiratory defects, suggesting that impaired mitochondrial quality control secondary to lysosomal dysfunction, may play an important role in the pathogenicity of this rare neurodevelopmental disorder and predict the degree of disease progression and neurodegeneration.
Development of genetic markers for sexingCannabis sativaseedlings
Authors: Prentout Djivan , Razumova Olga , Henri Hélène , Divashuk Mikhail , Karlov Gennady , Marais Gabriel AB 
Published: May 2020

AbstractCannabis sativais a dioecious plant with a XY system. Only females produce cannabinoids in large amount. Efficient male removal is an important issue for the cannabis industry. We have recently identified the sex chromosomes ofC. sativa, which opens opportunities for developing universal genetic markers for early sexing ofC. sativaplants. Here we selected six Y-linked markers and designed PCR primers, which were tested on five hemp cultivars both dioecious and monoecious. We obtained promising results, which need to be extended using a larger number of individuals and a more diverse set of cultivars, including THC producing ones.
Distinguishing within- from between-individual effects: How to use the within-individual centering method for quadratic patterns
Authors: Fay Rémi , Martin Julien , Plard Floriane 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAny average pattern observed at the population level may confound two different types of processes: some processes that occur among individuals and others that occur within individuals. Separating within- from among-individual processes is critical for our understanding of ecological and evolutionary dynamics.The within-individual centering method allows distinguishing within- from among-individual processes and this method has been largely used in ecology to investigate both linear and quadratic patterns. Here we show that two alternative equations could be used for the investigation of quadratic within-individual patterns. We explain under which hypotheses each is valid. Reviewing the literature, we found that mainly one of these two equations has been used by the studies investigating quadratic patterns. Yet this equation could be inappropriate in many cases.We show that these two alternative equations make different assumptions about the shape of the within-individual pattern. The choice of using one equation instead of the other should depend upon the biological process investigated. One equation assumes that all individuals show the same quadratic pattern over the whole range of the explanatory variable whereas the other assumes that the quadratic patterns depend on the average explanatory variable of each individual. We give examples of biological processes corresponding to each equation.Using simulations, we showed that a mismatch between the assumptions made by the equation used to analyze the data and the biological process investigated led to flawed inference affecting both output of model selection and accuracy of estimates. We stress that the equation used should be chosen carefully to ensure that the assumption made about the shape of the within-individual pattern matches the biological process investigated. We hope that this manuscript will encourage the use of the within-individual centering method, promoting its correct application for non-linear relationships.
Biosynthesis of cittilins, unusual ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides fromMyxococcus xanthus
Authors: Hug Joachim J. , Dastbaz Jan , Adam Sebastian , Revermann Ole , Koehnke Jesko , Krug Daniel , Müller Rolf 
Published: May 2020

AbstractCittilins are secondary metabolites from myxobacteria comprised of three L-tyrosines and one L-isoleucine forming a bicyclic tetrapeptide scaffold with biaryl and aryl-oxygen-aryl ether bonds. Here we reveal that cittilins belong to the ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptide (RiPP) family of natural products, for which only the crocagins have been reported from myxobacteria. A 27 amino acid precursor peptide harbors aC-terminal four amino acid core peptide, which is enzymatically modified and finally exported to yield cittilins. The small biosynthetic gene cluster responsible for cittilin biosynthesis also encodes a cytochrome P450 enzyme and a methyltransferase, whereas a gene encoding a prolyl endopeptidase for the cleavage of the precursor peptide is located outside of the cittilin biosynthetic gene cluster. We confirm the roles of the biosynthetic genes responsible for the formation of cittilins using targeted gene inactivation and heterologous expression inStreptomyces. We also report first steps towards the biochemical characterization of the proposed biosynthetic pathwayin vitro. An investigation of the cellular uptake properties of cittilin A connected it to a potential biological function as an inhibitor of the prokaryotic carbon storage regulator A (CsrA).Abstract Figure
The island rule explains consistent patterns of body size evolution in terrestrial vertebrates
Authors: Benítez-López Ana , Santini Luca , Gallego-Zamorano Juan , Milá Borja , Walkden Patrick , Huijbregts Mark A.J. , Tobias Joseph A. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIsland faunas can be characterized by gigantism in small animals and dwarfism in large animals, but the extent to which this so-called ‘island rule’ provides a general explanation for evolutionary trajectories on islands remains contentious. Here we use a phylogenetic meta-analysis to assess patterns and drivers of body size evolution across a global sample of paired island-mainland populations of terrestrial vertebrates. We show that ‘island rule’ effects are widespread in mammals, birds and reptiles, but less evident in amphibians, which mostly tend towards gigantism. We also found that the magnitude of insular dwarfism and gigantism is mediated by climate as well as island size and isolation, with more pronounced effects in smaller, more remote islands for mammals and reptiles. We conclude that the island rule is pervasive across vertebrates, but that the implications for body size evolution are nuanced and depend on an array of context-dependent ecological pressures and environmental conditions.
AC. elegansZona Pellucida domain protein functions via its ZPc domain
Authors: Cohen Jennifer D. , Bermudez Jessica G. , Good Matthew C. , Sundaram Meera V. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractZona Pellucida domain (ZP) proteins are critical components of the body’s external-most protective layers, apical extracellular matrices (aECMs). Although their loss or dysfunction is associated with many diseases, it remains unclear how ZP proteins assemble in aECMs. Current models suggest that ZP proteins polymerize via their ZPn subdomains, while ZPc subdomains modulate ZPn behavior. Using the model organismC. elegans, we investigated the aECM assembly of one ZP protein, LET-653, which shapes several tubes. Contrary to prevailing models, we find that LET-653 localizes and functions via its ZPc domain. Furthermore, the ZPc domain is inhibited by the ZPn domain and cleavage of the LET-653 C-terminus relieves this inhibition.In vitro, the ZPc, but not ZPn, domain formed crystalline aggregates. These data offer a new model for ZP function whereby the ZPc domain is primarily responsible for matrix incorporation and tissue shaping.
Multi-site Validation of a SARS-CoV-2 IgG/IgM Rapid Antibody Detection Kit
Authors: Minteer Christopher , Casanovas-Massana Arnau , Li Tao , McDonald David , Wang Linda , Pan Si Hui , Caianiello David , Collinski Jesse , deRamon Edward , Hale Robert , Howell Rebecca , Ray Jason , Vinetz Joseph , Levine Morgan , Ko Albert I. , Spiegel David A. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractDeaths from coronavirus disease (COVID-19) have exceeded 300,000 persons globally, calling for rapid development of mobile diagnostics that can assay widespread prevalence and infection rates. Data provided in this study supports the utility of a newly-designed lateral flow immunoassay (LFA) for detecting SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG antibodies. We employed a clinical cohort of 1,892 SARS-CoV-2 patients and controls, including individuals diagnosed by RT-qPCR at Yale New Haven Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Hefei City (Hefei CDC), Anhui Province (Anhui Province CDC), and Fuyang City (Fuyang CDC). The LFA studied here detects SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG antibodies with a specificity of 97.9–100% for IgM, 99.7–100% for IgG, and sensitivities ranging from 94.1–100% for patients >14-days post symptom onset. Sensitivity decreases in patients <14-days post symptom onset, which is likely due to lower IgG/IgM antibody levels in this population. Finally, we developed a visual intensity reporting system that we believe will be suitable for laboratory and point-of-care settings, and will provide granular information about antibody levels. Overall our results support the widespread utility of this and other LFAs in assessing population-level epidemiological statistics.