bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Demographics and targeted biopsy with NBI in head and neck mucosal lesions
Authors: Bhandari Pranay , Sachdeva Kavita 
Published: October 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> It is estimated that by the end of year 2020 over 10 million people worldwide would die of cancer every year and about 66% of these would be from developing world like India (WHO-UCC 2003). Our aim in present study was to evaluate the use of targeted biopsy of mucosal lesions of head and neck cancer using narrow band imaging technique, in order to yield more accurate specimen of lesion which will result in correct diagnosis of disease early and to study different demographics of patients.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Patients lesions were examined under NBI endoscope, best site of biopsy were identified on the basis of increase vascularity, neo-angiogenesis and superficial capillary vessels. Biopsy were taken from this site and sent for histopathological examinations. Considering histopathological report as standard, results from NBI endoscopy were compared to the results of previous studies and conclusion was done. We also studied different demographics of these patients under site of lesion, age distribution, sex distribution, and locality, histopathology type. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Maximum lesions were found in oral cavity (56.33%). Malignancy was also more common in oral cavity (63.46%), mostly belong to squamous cell carcinoma on histopathology. Mean age of presentation of head and neck mucosal lesion was found to be 48 year and of malignant lesions is 54 years.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> We conclude that up to an extent with progression of age malignant lesions increase. Male to female ratio of mucosal lesions is 1.7:1 and of malignancy is 2.25:1. Narrow band imaging endoscopy helps us to identify best site of biopsy, helping in early diagnosis of disease and ultimately reducing morbidity and mortality of patient.</p>
Study of serum adenosine deaminase levels in head and neck malignancies
Authors: M. S. Sudhakar Rao , R. Reshma P. 
Published: October 2020

<p><strong>Background:</strong> Head and neck malignancies are the malignancies occurring at various sites like scalp, ear, nose and paranasal sinuses, nasopharynx, oral cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx, larynx, and salivary glands. There are various biomarkers which aid in early diagnosis and management of head and neck malignancies. In order to study various parameters aiding in early diagnosis, this study has been taken up to estimate serum adenosine deaminase levels among these patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eighty-eight clinically diagnosed head and neck malignancy patients of both genders were included in this study on simple random basis. After obtaining the written informed consent from the patient, a peripheral venous sample of blood was taken and serum ADA levels were estimated. Data was analyzed using IBM SPSS Version 22.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Serum ADA levels are found to be statistically significant with respect to various stages of head and neck malignancies including malignancy of unknown origin. Mean ADA level in this study was 30.33 IU/l. Mean ADA levels in MUO, primary tumor with neck secondaries were 37 IU/l, 38.7 IU/l respectively. Mean ADA levels in patients with primary tumor without neck secondaries was 27.9 IU/l.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The Serum ADA levels among head and neck malignancy patients including MUO is a simple, inexpensive diagnostic biomarker enzyme which is easy and rapid to estimate. This study emphasizes on using Serum ADA levels as a prognostic indicator among head and neck malignancies who are on various modalities of treatment.<strong></strong></p>
Endoscopic trans nasal excision of pterygopalatine fossa schwannoma: case report and review of literature
Authors: Prabha Blessy B. , Rangachari Vijay 
Published: October 2020

<p class="abstract">The pterygopalatine fossa is a difficult area for surgical access and lesions in this area traditionally advocated open external trans maxillary approaches. With endoscopic techniques, it is possible to not only access and explore this area but also plan complete excision of lesions in the pterygopalatine fossa. We present a case report of a 26-year-old lady with complaints of pain in the area of the left cheek for 6 months. She had no other co-morbidities. On clinical examination, no abnormality was detected. Radiological examination with magnetic resonance imaging showed a lesion possibly a schwannoma in the left pterygopalatine fossa behind the left maxillary sinus. Complete excision was achieved using trans nasal endoscopic technique through the left maxillary sinus. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of schwannoma. Post-operative period was uneventful and she was free from any pain and neurological symptoms on subsequent follow up. Schwannomas in the pterygopalatine fossa are rare entities. Endoscopic techniques are safe and effective in accessing the pterygopalatine fossa for excision of lesions situated in this area. This technique obviates the need for external facial incisions or intra oral incisions and helps in good surgical outcomes and quick healing and recovery. </p>
Lateral nasal wall haemangioma in a young female: a rare case
Authors: Ansari Ashfaque , Nair Sanjana U. 
Published: October 2020

<p class="abstract">Hemangiomas are benign tumours originating from vascular structures in the body. Histologically they are divided into capillary, cavernous and mixed types. Although it is very commonly seen in head and neck region, it is very rarely seen in the nasal cavity, nasopharynx and paranasal sinuses and it accounts for only 10% of all head and neck haemangiomas. In this patient the haemangioma was seen arising from the lateral nasal wall, of the right nasal cavity. So far in the literature very few such cases have been reported till date. </p>
Microbiological profile and their antibiotic sensitivity pattern in patients of chronic suppurative otitis media at eastern tertiary care center of Nepal
Authors: Prasad Sah Bajarang , Thapa Chettri Shyam , Raj Bhattarai Narayan , Prasad Shah Shankar , Paudel Deepak 
Published: October 2020

Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is one of the most common and an important global public health problem leading to hearing impairment and is particularly prevalent in developing countries. Even in this era of powerful antibiotics, due to increased irrational use of wide spectrum antibiotics, the resistance in the bacterial isolates is common. The objective of the study was to determine the aerobic bacterial etiology of patients with CSOM and the antimicrobial susceptibility of the bacteria isolated.A descriptive cross sectional study was carried out in 112 patients suffering from chronic discharging ear. Pus samples were cultured aerobically. Antibiotic sensitivity testing was performed with standard antibiotic discs using modified Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method.Out of 112 patients, 70 (62.5%) were females. Among 112 swab cultures, 98 (87.5%) were positive for the growth of organism and 14 (12.5%) were sterile cultures. Among them Staphylococcus aureus (42.24%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (28.44%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (10.34%), Acinetobacter anitratus (6.9%), Proteus mirabilis (5.17%) and E. coli (4.31%) were the common microbial isolates. Among the antibiotics commonly available as topical eardrops, Ofloxacin (91.83%)) had the highest susceptibility rate, followed by Ciprofloxacin (81.63%), Tobramycin (73.46%) and Gentamicin (63.26%).Staphylococcus aureus was the most common organism isolated followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Ofloxacin had the highest susceptibility rate against the isolated organisms.
Comparative Efficacy of intra-tympanic methylprednisolone injections in different concentrations on subjective cochlear tinnitus
Authors: Gupta Manish , Gupta Monica , Kumar Satish 
Published: October 2020

Subjective tinnitus is an awareness of a phantom sound which is audible solely to the individual. Intra-tympanic steroid injections especially dexamethasone 8mg/ml have been used with variable success in relieving it; however this desired concentration is unavailable in India. The aim of this study was to assess the comparative efficacy of intra-tympanic methylprednisolone injections in different concentrations in subjective cochlear tinnitus. Ninety patients with complaint of abnormal ringing in uni/bilateral ear, with/without hearing loss were enrolled from our outpatient set-up. After written informed consent, the participants received a tinnitus loudness and frequency matching test. They were randomly assigned into three different subgroups (each with 30 patients) by a single-blind method.0.5ml of 40mg/ml concentration methylprednisolone solution was injected intratympanically in study set one (Group A), 125mg/ml in second set (Group B) and 250mg/ml in the third set (Group C). The groups were compared in terms of subjective tinnitus intensity and loudness matching after the intervention. On subjective analysis of tinnitus intensity 1 patient of Group A and 2 each of groups B and C demonstrated improvement. On loudness matching test for tinnitus, no patient in Group A was cured, though 3 each in groups B and C were cured. In the present study, no significant change was observed in the three treatment groups in subjective analysis of tinnitus intensity based on questionnaire. Similarly a non-significant response was obtained in loudness matching test for tinnitus. The intra-tympanic methylprednisolone injection gave suboptimal and inconsistent results at varying concentrations. Further prospective studies to evaluate the effect of intratympanic methylprednisolone on tinnitus are warranted in carefully selected group of patients.
A study of single sided mucoperichondrial resection versus conventional technique in submucosal resection
Authors: B. S Vidyashree , K Pai Vishwas , S. G Mahesh , P P Devan , Paulson Happy 
Published: October 2020

Nasal septal deviation is a condition which is frequently encountered in the general population. Surgical correction of this problem has been the mainstay of treatment for over a century.This study is to compare SMR with Single sided mucoperichondral resection. This new technique in Septal Surgery is found without complication whereas complications were noted in SMR.The study to compare the Single sided mucoperichondrial resection versus conventional SMR was carried out in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology at AJ Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Mangalore, Karnataka during the period from 1 October 2018 to 31 September 2019.A total of 20 cases with symptomatic DNS were included in the study, after randomization 10 cases underwent conventional SMR and 10 cases Single sided mucoperichondrial resection.Among 10 patients who underwent conventional SMR, Septal hematoma and septal perforation were the most common complications. None of the patients who underwent Single sided mucoperichondrial resection had any complications.In conventional SMR, retention of both mucoperichondrial flaps results in many recognized post op complications. In Single sided mucoperichondrial resection, no complications were seen in comparison.
PERJUANGAN PEREMPUAN DALAM ARENA POLITIK (STUDI PEMILIHAN ANGGOTA DEWAN PERWAKILAN RAKYAT DAERAH DI KABUPATEN MIMIKA, PROPINSI PAPUA DALAM PRESPEKTIF PIERRE BOURDIUE)
Authors: Wadanubun Sopia , Susanti Antik Tri , Kudubun Elly E. 
Published: October 2020

<p><em>Women are constructed as second-class creatures. This prejudice then gets reinforced in the moral structure of society manifested in religious and customary regulations. However, in the political arena an effirmative policy has been set up by giving a 30% quota of permaan. This study wants to find out how women struggle in the political arena, using the perspective of Pierre Bourdieu. The approach used in this study is a qualitative research approach, which is a research procedure that produces descriptive data using interview, observation, and document utilization techniques. This study concludes that gender is not a matter of unsuccessful person in the election stage. This means that men and women have the same opportunity to be chosen. Election is determined by the amount of economic capital. Because economic capital is the dominant determinant of victory, not because of the issue of women's struggle, in practice it can be predicted that the struggle against women's rights will not have a place in the political arena in Mimika Regency, Papua Province.</em></p><p><strong><em>Keywords:</em></strong><strong> <em>Women, Politics, </em></strong><strong><em>Arena, </em></strong><strong><em>Pierre Bourdieu, Capital</em></strong><strong><em></em></strong></p><h2> </h2><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Perempuan dikonstruksikan sebagai makhluk kelas dua, prasangka ini kemudian mendapatkan penguatan dalam struktur moral masyarakat yang terwujud dalam peraturan-peraturan agama maupun adat, namun demikian dalam arena politik telah di tetapkan kebijakan affirmative dengan memberi perempuan tkuota 30%.Penelitian ini ingin mengetahui bagaimana perjuangan perempuan dalam arena politik, dengan menggunakan perspektif Pierre Bourdiue, pendekatan yang di lakukan dalam penilitian ini adalah jenis pendekatan penelitian kualitatis yaitu suatu prosedur penelitian yang menghasilkan data deskriptif menggunakan teknik wawancara, pengamatan dan pemanfaatan dokumen.Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa gender bukan merupakan persoalan ketidak berhasilan seseorang dalam tahap pemilihan, artinya laki-laki dan perempuan mempunyai peluang yang sama untuk di pilih. Tentununya keterpilihan seseorang di tentukan oleh jumlah modal ekonomi.</p><p><strong>Kata kunci : </strong><strong>Perempuan,Politik, Pierre Bourdiue, Mo</strong><strong>dal</strong></p>
Targeted exome sequencing identified a novel USH2A mutation in a Chinese Usher syndrome family: a case report
Authors: Xing Dongjun , Zhou Huaiyu , Yu Rongguo , Wang Linni , Hu Liying , Li Zhiqing , Li Xiaorong 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Abstract
Background: Usher syndrome is a disease with a heterogeneous phenotype and genotype. Our purpose was to identify the gene mutation in a Chinese family with Usher syndrome type 2 and describe the clinical features.
Case presentation: A 23-year-old man complained of a 10-year duration of nyctalopia and a 3-year decline in visual acuity of both eyes accompanied by congenital dysaudia. To clarify the diagnosis, the clinical symptoms were observed and analysed in combination with comprehensive ophthalmologic examinations as well as genetic analysis (targeted exome sequencing, TES). A typical clinical presentation of Usher syndrome of the fundus was found, including a waxy yellow-like disc, bone-spicule formations and retinal vessel stenosis. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) showed loss of the ellipsoid zone and a reduction in paracaval vessel density in both eyes. Genetic analysis identified a novel homozygous c.8483_8486del (p.Ser2828*) mutation in USH2A. The mutation resulted in premature termination of translation and caused the deletion of 19 fibronectin type 3 domains (FN3), transmembrane (TM) regions and PDZ-binding motif domains, which play an important role in protein binding. After combining the clinical manifestations and genetic results, the patient was diagnosed with Usher syndrome type 2.
Conclusion: We found a novel c.8483_8486del mutation in the USH2A gene through TES techniques. The results broaden the spectrum of mutations in Usher syndrome type 2 and suggest that a combination of clinical information and molecular diagnosis via TES could help Usher syndrome patients obtain a better diagnosis.
What Matters to Patients? A Mixed Method Study of the Importance and Consideration of Patient Demands
Authors: waelli mathias , Minvielle Etienne , Acero Maria Ximena , Aribi Khouloud Ben , Lalloue Benoit 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
A patient-centred approach is increasingly the mandate for healthcare delivery. A relevant but often overlooked obstacle to it is the identification and consideration of all demands based on individual experience, not only disease-based requirements. Mindful of this approach, there is a need to explore how patient demands are expressed and considered in healthcare delivery systems.
This study aims to: (i) understand how different types of demands expressed by patients are taken into account in the current delivery systems operated by Health Care Organisations (HCOs); (ii) explore the often overlooked content of specific non-clinical demands (i.e. demands related to interactions between disease treatments and everyday life).
We adopted a mixed method in two cancer centres, representing exemplary cases of organisational transformation: (i) circulation of a questionnaire to assess the importance that patients attach to every clinical (C) and non-clinical (NC) demand identified in an exploratory inquiry, and the extent to which each demand has been taken into account based on individual experiences; (ii) a qualitative analysis based on semi-structured interviews exploring the content of specific NC demands.
Further to the way in which the questionnaires were answered (573 answers/680 questionnaires printed) and the semi-structured interviews (36) with cancer patients, results show that NC demands are deemed by patients to be almost as important as C demands (C = 6.53/7 VS. NC = 6.13), but are perceived to be considered to less of an extent in terms of pathway management (NC = 4.02 VS C = 5.65), with a significant variation depending on the type of non-clinical demands expressed. Five types of NC demands can be identified: demands relating to daily life, alternative medicine, structure of the treatment pathway, administrative and logistic assistance and demands relating to new technologies.
This study shows that HCOs should be able to consider non-clinical demands in addition to those referring to clinical needs. These demands require revision of the healthcare professionals’ mandate and transition from a supply-orientated system towards a demand-driven approach throughout the care pathway. Other sectors have developed hospitality management, mass customisation and personalisation to scale up approaches that could serve as inspiring examples.
Stakeholders’ Perceptions of the Nutrition and Dietetics Needs and the Requisite Professional Competencies in Uganda: A Cross-Sectional Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Kikomeko Peterson Kato , Ochola Sophie , Kaaya Archileo N. , Ogada Irene , Birungi Tracy Lukiya , Nakitto Peace 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Effective implementation of nutrition and dietetics interventions necessitates professionals in these fields to possess the requisite competencies for health systems performance. This study explored the stakeholders’ perceptions of the community nutrition and dietetics needs, the nature of work done by graduates of the Bachelor’s degree in Human Nutrition/Human Nutrition and Dietetics (HN/HND), and the competencies required of Nutrition and Dietetics professionals in Uganda. Methods: A cross-sectional mixed methods design was used. Respondents included 132 graduates of the Bachelor’s degrees in HN/HND obtained from the Makerere and Kyambogo Universities in 2005-2016; 14 academic staff that train HN/HND in the two universities; and 11 HN/HND work/internship supervisors. Data from the graduates was collected through an email-based survey; data from other participants was through face to face interviews using researcher administered questionnaires. Results: Most HN/HND respondents (84.8%) obtained their Bachelor's degrees from Kyambogo University; 61.4% graduated in 2013-2016. Most (64.3%) academic staff respondents were females and the majority (57.1%) had doctorate training. All stakeholders viewed communities as facing a variety of nutrition and dietetics challenges cutting across different Sustainable Development Goals. The nutrition and dietetics interventions requested for, provided, and considered a priority for communities were both nutrition-specific and nutrition-sensitive. Work done by HN/HND graduates encompassed seven main competency domains; the dominant being organizational leadership and management; management of nutrition-related disease conditions; nutrition and health promotion; research; and advocacy, communication, and awareness creation. Conclusions: This study shows that nutrition and dietetics challenges in Uganda are multifaceted. HN/HND graduates are employed in different sectors; provide nutrition-specific and sensitive services in a multisectoral environment; are expected to possess a variety of knowledge and skills. However, graduates have knowledge and skills gaps in some areas they are expected to exhibit competency. We recommend using these findings as a basis for obtaining stakeholder consensus on the key competencies that should be exhibited by all HN/HND graduates in Uganda; developing a HN/HND competency-based education model and a national HN/HND training and practice standard, and undertaking further research to understand the quality and relevancy of HN/HND curricula to Uganda’s job market requirements.
Comparison of levonorgestrel level and creamatocrit in milk following immediate vs. delayed postpartum placement of the levonorgestrel IUD
Authors: Hopelian Niaree , Simmons Rebecca G. , Sanders Jessica N , Ward Katherine , Jenkins Sabrina Malone , Espey Eve , Turok David K 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Breastfeeding and postpartum contraception critically influence infant and maternal health outcomes. In this pilot study, we explore the effects of timing and duration of postpartum levonorgestrel exposure on milk lipid and levonorgestrel content to establish baseline data for future research.
Methods: This sub-study recruited a balanced convenience sample from 259 participants enrolled in a parent randomized controlled trial comparing immediate to delayed (4-8 weeks) postpartum levonorgestrel IUD placement. All planned to breastfeed, self-selected for sub-study participation, and provided the first sample at 4-8 weeks postpartum (before IUD placement for the delayed group) and the second four weeks later. We used the Wilcoxon rank sum (inter-group) and signed rank (intra-group) tests to compare milk lipid content (creamatocrit) and levonorgestrel levels between groups and time points.
Results: We recruited 15 participants from the immediate group and 17 from the delayed group with 10 and 12, respectively, providing both early and late samples. Initially, median levonorgestrel concentration of the immediate group (n=10) (32.5 pg/mL, IQR : 24.8, 59.4) exceeded that of the delayed group (n=12) (17.5 pg/mL, IQR : 0.0, 25.8) (p=0.01). Four weeks later, the values aligned: 26.2 pg/mL ( IQR : 20.3, 37.3) vs. 28.0 pg/mL ( IQR : 25.2, 40.8). Creamatocrits were similar between both groups and timepoints.
Conclusions : Immediate postpartum levonorgestrel IUD placement results in steady, low levels of levonorgestrel in milk without apparent effects on lipid content. These findings provide initial support for the safety of immediate postpartum levonorgestrel IUD initiation, though the study was not powered to detect noninferiority between groups.
Trial Registration: This randomized controlled trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (registry number NCT01990703) on November 21, 2013.