bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors associated with post-traumatic stress disorder of nurses exposed to corona virus disease 2019 in China
Authors: Wang Ya-Xi , Guo Hong-Tao , Du Xue-Wei , Song Wen , Lu Chang , Hao Wen-Nv 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Quantitative studies using validated questionnaires on post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) of Nurses exposed to corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China are rare and the baseline PTSD must first be evaluated before prevention. This study aimed to investigate the factors potentially involved in the level of PTSD of Nurses exposed to COVID-19 in China.
In this cross-sectional study, male and female Nurses (n = 202) exposed to COVID-19 from HuBei China were included in the final sample. The PTSD Checklist-Civilian (PCL-C) questionnaire and Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ) were used for evaluation. Multivariate stepwise linear regression analysis and spearman correlation test were performed to assess the association between various factors associated with PTSD.
The incidence of PTSD in Nurses exposed to COVID-19 was 16.83%, the PCL-C score was 27.00 (21.00–34.00), and the highest score in the three dimensions was avoidance dimension 9.50 (7.00–13.25); multivariable stepwise linear regression analysis showed that job satisfaction and gender were independently associated with lower PCL-C scores (both P < .001); PCL-C scores were correlated with positive coping (r = −0.151, P = .032), negative coping (r = 0.154, P = .029).
Nurses exposed to COVID-19 from HuBei China with job satisfaction, male and positive coping had low PCL-C scores which necessitate reducing the PTSD level by ways of improving job satisfaction, positive response, and strengthening the psychological counseling of female nurses in order to reduce the risk of psychological impairment.
Vortioxetine improves rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder
Authors: Du Yanli , Jiang Jiajun , Ng Chee H. , Wu Lingling , Zhang Peifen , Xi Caixi , Lai Jianbo , Xu Yi , Hu Shaohua , Wang Zheng 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Rationale:
Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is a kind of sleep disturbance characterized by a loss of normal paralysis of REM sleep with dream enactment behavior during REM sleep. The pharmacotherapy options for treating RBD are limited and the use of antidepressants remains controversial. Further, the role of vortioxetine in RBD has not been evaluated so far.

Patient concerns:
A 72-year-old woman presented with recurrent peculiar behaviors such as shouting, punching, kicking or even walking around her bedroom during sleep for over 3 years.

Diagnosis:
Clinical examinations and polysomnography indicated the diagnosis of RBD.

Interventions:
The patient received treatment with paroxetine and melatonin for 1 year and then paroxetine was discontinued and vortioxetine was initiated in a daily dose of 10 mg.

Outcomes:
Treatment with paroxetine and melatonin for one year was ineffective. A trial of vortioxetine 10 mg per day over 3 months resulted in significant clinical improvement.

Lessons:
To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of effective treatment of RBD with vortioxetine. Well-designed studies with large samples are needed to verify the clinical benefits.
Plasma lncRNA FEZF1-AS1 as a potential biomarker for diagnosis of non-small-cell lung carcinoma
Authors: Huang Yajie , Liu Guangjie , Ma Handie , Tian Yanpeng , Huang Changjie , Liu Fang , Jia Yuxuan , Jiang Da 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Diagnosis of numerous cancers has been closely linked to the expression of certain long non-coding RNAs. This study aimed to evaluate levels of plasma FEZ family zinc finger 1 antisense RNA 1 (FEZF1-AS1) relative to non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) diagnosis.
The level of FEZF1-AS1 in the blood plasma of 126 NSCLC patients and 62 healthy controls was examined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.
Plasma FEZF1-AS1 of the NSCLC group was increased compared with that in the control group (P < .0001). Plasma FEZF1-AS1 could distinguish patients with NSCLC from healthy individuals via the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.855 (95% CI = 0.800–0.909; P = .000). FEZF1-AS1 combined with neuron-specific enolase increased the area under the (ROC) curve to 0.932 (95% CI = 0.897–0.968; P = .018). A high expression level of plasma FEZF1-AS1 was associated with some clinical features of NSCLC. Increased expression of FEZF1-AS1 greatly improved the risk of NSCLC (adjusted OR = 2.42; 95% CI = 1.23–4.76). A significant concentration–dependent relationship was noted between risk of NSCLC and higher FEZF1-AS1 expression (P for trend <.001).
Plasma FEZF1-AS1 could potentially be used as a biomarker for NSCLC diagnosis.
Racial and Ethnic Differences in Prescription Filling After Discharge From an Urban Pediatric Emergency Department
Authors: Berkowitz Deena , Breslin Kristen , Croskey Annabelle , Badolato Gia , Goyal Monika K. 
Published: June 2020

Objective
The aim of this study was to measure racial/ethnic differences in prescription filling among children prescribed with outpatient antibiotics from the emergency department (ED).

Methods
This study is a retrospective cohort study of ED visits among children (0–21 years) from January 1 to March 31, 2018, during which oral antibiotics were prescribed. We measured the proportion of filled prescriptions in aggregate and by patient race/ethnicity. We performed multivariable logistic regression to identify patient and visit-level factors associated with prescription filling. Secondarily, we measured differences in ED revisits by prescription filling.

Results
A total of 2881 participants were enrolled. A total of 66.3% (95% confidence interval, 64.5–68.0) of prescriptions were filled. Prescription filling varied by race/ethnicity; these are as follows: 77.3% non-Hispanic (NH) white, 73.5% NH black, 51.5% Hispanic, and 51.3% others (P < 0.0001). After adjustment for patient and visit-level characteristics, Hispanic children (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.5 [0.3–0.9]) and children of other racial/ethnic groups (aOR, 0.5 [0.3–0.8]) had lower odds of prescription filling in comparison to NH white children. Interpreter use (aOR, 0.5 [0.4–0.6]) and uninsured status (aOR, 0.4 [0.3–0.5]) were additional independent risk factors associated with lower odds of prescription filling. There were no differences in the 72-hour revisit rates between those who filled their prescriptions and those who did not.

Conclusions
A third of antibiotic prescriptions for bacterial infections in the ED are unfilled. Hispanic children and children of other racial/ethnic groups have lower rates of prescription filling compared with NH white children. Interpreter use and uninsured status also have lower rates of prescription filling. Barriers to prescription filling should be explored further to help reduce racial and ethnic disparities in the provision of health care.
Fibularis Intersection Syndrome
Authors: Monsour Marc , Sangha Harpreet , Farag Jordan , Mittal Nimish 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Running is a common cause of foot and ankle injuries. Accurate diagnosis is important for appropriate management to resolve the issue. For clarity of diagnoses, the physician should be able to perform a thorough physical examination in conjunction with point-of-care ultrasound. The authors report a case study of a young male runner with lateral ankle pain. Based on clinical assessment and point-of-care ultrasound, a diagnosis of fibularis intersection syndrome was proposed. This type of injury can be treated with graded eccentric loading of fibularis tendons and proprioceptive exercises. This case report highlights the importance of point-of-care ultrasound to determine the appropriate diagnosis and management.
Outcomes of Volume Replacement Oncoplastic Breast-Conserving Surgery Using Chest Wall Perforator Flaps: Comparison with Volume Displacement Oncoplastic Surgery and Total Breast Reconstruction
Authors: Schaverien Mark V. , Kuerer Henry M. , Caudle Abigail S. , Smith Benjamin D. , Hwang Rosa F. , Robb Geoffrey L. 
Published: June 2020

Background:
Volume replacement oncoplastic breast-conserving surgery (VR-OBCS) uses islanded or pedicled chest wall fasciocutaneous perforator flaps from outside of the breast footprint to replace the volume that has been excised during lumpectomy, extending the options for breast conservation to patients who may otherwise require mastectomy. This study compares outcomes for VR-OBCS with both standard volume displacement oncoplastic breast-conserving surgery (VD-OBCS) and mastectomy with immediate total breast reconstruction (TBR).

Methods:
A retrospective cohort study was conducted; demographic data, clinicopathologic factors, surgical details, and postoperative events were collected until patients had completed their reconstructions. Variables were compared using the t test and analysis of variance test, or chi-square analysis and Fisher’s exact test, as appropriate.

Results:
Ninety-seven consecutive patients (109 immediate breast reconstruction procedures) were included: 43 percent underwent standard VD-OBCS procedures, 35 percent underwent mastectomy with immediate TBR, and VR-OBCS techniques were used in 22 percent, of which only one patient required a delayed procedure for symmetry. Mean whole tumor size was similar in the VR-OBCS and TBR groups and was significantly higher than for the VD-OBCS group (p < 0.05). Overall rate of complications affecting the breast area (p < 0.001), need for additional surgery to either breast (p < 0.001), and time to reconstruction completion (p < 0.001) were significantly higher in the TBR group.

Conclusions:
VR-OBCS extends the options for breast conservation to many patients that would otherwise require mastectomy. The complication rate is lower, fewer procedures are necessary, and less time is required to complete the reconstruction when compared with mastectomy and immediate TBR.

CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Therapeutic, III.
Trends in Medicare Reimbursement for Reconstructive Plastic Surgery Procedures: 2000 to 2019
Authors: Gupta Nikita , Haglin Jack M. , Marostica Chance W. , Thornburg Danielle A. , Casey William J. 
Published: June 2020

Background:
An understanding of financial trends is important to advance agreeable reimbursement models in plastic surgery. This study aimed to evaluate trends in Medicare reimbursement rates for the 20 most commonly billed reconstructive plastic surgery procedures from 2000 to 2019.

Methods:
The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services Physician and Other Supplier Public Use File was used to identify the 20 reconstructive procedures most commonly billed to Medicare by plastic surgeons in 2016. Reimbursement data were extracted from The Physician Fee Schedule Look-Up Tool from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services for each CPT code. Monetary data were adjusted for inflation to 2019 U.S. dollars. Average annual and total percentage changes in reimbursement were calculated based on these adjusted trends.

Results:
The average adjusted reimbursement for all procedures decreased by 14.0 percent from 2000 to 2019. The greatest mean decrease was observed in complex wound repair of the scalp, arms, or legs (−33.2 percent). The only procedure with an increased adjusted reimbursement rate was layer-closure of the scalp, axillae, trunk, and/or extremities (6.5 percent). From 2000 to 2019, the adjusted reimbursement rate for all procedures decreased by an average of 0.8 percent annually.

Conclusions:
This is the first comprehensive study evaluating trends in Medicare reimbursement in plastic surgery. When adjusted for inflation, Medicare reimbursement for the included procedures has steadily decreased from 2000 to 2019. Increased consideration of these trends will be important for U.S. policymakers, hospitals, and surgeons to ensure continued access to meaningful reconstructive plastic surgery care.
Current Trends in the Use of Social Media by Plastic Surgeons
Authors: Cho Min-Jeong , Li Alexander Y. , Furnas Heather J. , Rohrich Rod J. 
Published: June 2020

Background:
As social media continue to be widely used, understanding the current trend in social media use by plastic surgeons will help determine how the specialty can better harness its power and respect its risks. In this study, the authors performed a survey study of trainees, candidates, and members of the American Society of Plastic Surgeons to determine current use and consensus on social media in plastic surgery.

Methods:
An electronic survey was sent to plastic surgery trainees, candidates, and members of the American Society of Plastic Surgeons using SurveyMonkey. Demographic data, social media use patterns, and views on social media use were collected.

Results:
When compared with salaried surgeons, private practitioners used social media for the promotion of their practice, such as patient acquisition (74.3 percent versus 28.3 percent) and branding (61 percent versus 21.7 percent). The majority of nonusers felt social media was too time consuming and susceptible to breach of patient privacy. The majority of social media users agreed that acceptable use included before-and-after photographs, video testimonials, and patient reviews. Both social media users and nonusers alike agreed that plastic surgery residents should receive training on social media.

Conclusions:
This study showed that a majority of plastic surgeons use social media to brand their practice, attract patients, and educate the public. Without engaging in this valuable tool, plastic surgeons’ voices will be lost in the conversation. To use social media to their greatest potential, this specialty needs to begin formal training in the proper and ethical use of social media.
An HIV-1 Nef genotype that diminishes immune control mediated by protective human leucocyte antigen alleles
Authors: Mwimanzi Francis , Ngare Isaac , Toyoda Mako , Mori Masahiko , Mann Jaclyn , Ndung’u Thumbi , Goulder Phillip , Ueno Takamasa 
Published: June 2020

Objectives:
Certain human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-B alleles (protective alleles) associate with durable immune control of HIV-1, but with substantial heterogeneity in the level of control. It remains elusive whether viral factors including Nef-mediated immune evasion function diminish protective allele effect on viral control.

Design:
The naturally occurring non-Ser variant at position 9 of HIV-1 subtype C Nef has recently exhibited an association with enhanced HLA-B downregulation function and decreased susceptibility to recognition by CD8+ T cells. We therefore hypothesized this Nef genotype leads to diminished immune control mediated by protective HLA alleles.

Methods:
Nef sequences were isolated from HIV-1 subtype C-infected patients harboring protective alleles and several Nef functions including downregulation of HLA-A, HLA-B, CD4, and SERINC5 were examined. Association between Nef non-Ser9 and plasma viral load was examined in two independent South African and Botswanan treatment-naïve cohorts.

Results:
Nef clones isolated from protective allele+ individuals encoding Nef non-Ser9 variant exhibited greater ability to downregulate HLA-B when compared with the Ser9 variant, while other Nef functions including HLA-A, CD4, and SERINC5 downregulation activity were unaltered. By analyzing a cohort of South African participants chronically infected with subtype C HIV-1, Nef non-Ser9 associated with higher plasma viral load in patients harboring protective alleles. Corroboratively, the Nef non-Ser9 correlated with higher plasma viral load in an independent cohort in Botswana.

Conclusion:
Taken together, our study identifies the Nef genotype, non-Ser9 that subverts host immune control in HIV-1 subtype C infection.
Low hepatitis C virus reinfection rate despite ongoing risk following universal access to direct-acting antiviral therapy among people living with HIV
Authors: Hosseini-Hooshyar Samira , Martinello Marianne , Yee Jasmine , Read Phillip , Baker David , Post Jeffrey J. , Finlayson Robert , Bloch Mark , Doyle Joseph S. , Shaw David , Hellard Margaret , Petoumenos Kathy , Carson Joanne , Dore Gregory J. , Matthews Gail V. 
Published: June 2020

Objective(s):
To evaluate changes in injecting and sexual risk behaviours, and hepatitis C virus (HCV) reinfection incidence among people with HIV/HCV coinfection following unrestricted access to direct-acting antiviral therapy in Australia.

Design:
Prospective observational cohort study (2014–2018).

Methods:
Among people enrolled in the Control and Elimination of HCV from HIV-infected individuals within Australia study, changes in injecting and sexual behaviour were evaluated, including injecting drug use (IDU) in the last 6 months and last month, frequency of IDU and equipment sharing, condom-less anal intercourse with casual male partner(s), and group sex. HCV reinfection incidence was evaluated with follow-up through May 2018.

Results:
Overall, 272 HIV/HCV antibody-positive participants [median age; 50 years, 96% male, 83% identified as gay and bisexual men (GBM)] had behavioural data at enrolment and follow-up (median 2.91 years) available for analysis. The proportion reporting IDU in the last 6 months remained stable from enrolment (35%) to follow-up (39%). Among GBM, the proportion reporting condom-less anal intercourse with casual partner(s) at enrolment (48%) and follow-up (46%) was also similar. Reinfection was detected in five individuals (all GBM) during total follow-up of 474 person-years for an overall incidence of 1.05 per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval, 0.44–2.53).

Conclusion:
No change was observed in levels of injecting or sexual risk behaviour for HCV infection following unrestricted access to direct-acting antiviral therapy in an Australian HIV/HCV cohort. Incidence of HCV reinfection was low potentially reflecting high levels of treatment coverage within this population. Continued screening and rapid retreatment of reinfection will be required to maintain progress towards elimination.
Influence of Primary Health Care Physicians' Perceived Overqualification on Turnover Intention in China
Authors: Li Wenjun , Xu Ailin , Lu Mengqing , Lin Guohua , Wo Tian , Xi Xiaoyu 
Published: June 2020

Background:
With the aging population and increasing prevalence of chronic disease, the number of primary health care physicians in China is inadequate and physicians' turnover intention is too high.

Objective:
To analyze the status of primary health care physicians' turnover intention in China and the relationship between physicians' perceived overqualification and their turnover intention.

Methods:
With multistage stratified sampling, we randomly selected 1456 primary health care physicians as study subjects. Information on personal characteristics, job satisfaction, working pressure, turnover intention, and perceived overqualification was collected. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis.

Results:
We found that primary health care physicians in China have high turnover intention and perceived overqualification is positively related to turnover intention.

Conclusion:
Government and primary health care may address perceived overqualification to reduce physicians' turnover intention.
Ultrasound First for Pediatric Patients in an Electrodiagnostic Laboratory
Authors: Rardin Benjamin P. , Verenes Michael P. , Cartwright Michael S. 
Published: June 2020

Purpose:
Electrodiagnostic testing is often critical for the diagnosis of neuromuscular disease, but it can be challenging in the pediatric population because of poor tolerance. This study evaluates an ultrasound-first approach as a means of reducing the number of electrodiagnostic tests (nerves stimulated and muscles sampled) in the pediatric population.

Methods:
A retrospective analysis of 21 pediatric patients who underwent ultrasound before electrodiagnostic testing as part of a quality-improvement project was conducted and compared with an age-matched control group of 84 patients.

Results:
The ultrasound-first group underwent significantly fewer muscle samplings (P = 0.0002) and overall number of electrodiagnostic tests (P = 0.0010) than the control group. The ultrasound-first group also underwent fewer nerve stimulations, which approached statistical significance (P = 0.0600).

Conclusions:
Using ultrasound first in the electrodiagnostic laboratory in pediatric patients could reduce the number of electrodiagnostic tests needed to arrive at a diagnosis.
SARS-CoV-2 titers in wastewater foreshadow dynamics and clinical presentation of new COVID-19 cases
Authors: Wu Fuqing , Xiao Amy , Zhang Jianbo , Moniz Katya , Endo Noriko , Armas Federica , Bonneau Richard , Brown Megan A , Bushman Mary , Chai Peter R , Duvallet Claire , Erickson Timothy B , Foppe Katelyn , Ghaeli Newsha , Gu Xiaoqiong , Hanage William P , Huang Katherine H , Lee Wei Lin , Matus Mariana , McElroy Kyle A , Nagler Jonathan , Rhode Steven F , Santillana Mauricio , Tucker Joshua A , Wuertz Stefan , Zhao Shijie , Thompson Janelle , Alm Eric J 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCurrent estimates of COVID-19 prevalence are largely based on symptomatic, clinically diagnosed cases. The existence of a large number of undiagnosed infections hampers population-wide investigation of viral circulation. Here, we use longitudinal wastewater analysis to track SARS-CoV-2 dynamics in wastewater at a major urban wastewater treatment facility in Massachusetts, between early January and May 2020. SARS-CoV-2 was first detected in wastewater on March 3. Viral titers in wastewater increased exponentially from mid-March to mid-April, after which they began to decline. Viral titers in wastewater correlated with clinically diagnosed new COVID-19 cases, with the trends appearing 4-10 days earlier in wastewater than in clinical data. We inferred viral shedding dynamics by modeling wastewater viral titers as a convolution of back-dated new clinical cases with the viral shedding function of an individual. The inferred viral shedding function showed an early peak, likely before symptom onset and clinical diagnosis, consistent with emerging clinical and experimental evidence. Finally, we found that wastewater viral titers at the neighborhood level correlate better with demographic variables than with population size. This work suggests that longitudinal wastewater analysis can be used to identify trends in disease transmission in advance of clinical case reporting, and may shed light on infection characteristics that are difficult to capture in clinical investigations, such as early viral shedding dynamics.