bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Comparative Study on Different Parameter Factors and Velocity Clamping for Particle Swarm Optimisation
Authors: Lim S P , Hoon H , Song W H 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Optimisation is an interesting topic because various optimum results can be obtained using limited resources. This is the reason that researchers are interested in further investigating the possibility of optimisation by testing numerous optimisation methods. As the current research trends are preferred to solve the problems using Artificial Intelligence (AI) methods, hence more nature-inspired optimisation methods are developed. Particles Swarm Optimisation (PSO) is one of the well-known optimisation methods in Swarm Intelligence (SI). It can be used to solve many problems. However, PSO is easily trapped in local optimum and encountered premature convergence problem, which indirectly affects its performance. Besides that, its performance with different parameter factors and velocity clamping is always not considered by researchers. Therefore, the objective of this research is to compare the performance of PSO with different parameter factors and velocity clamping using average fitness values. 10 different types of PSO models are applied and tested using 10 benchmark functions. Based on the experimental results, PSO10 with constriction factor and velocity clamping is proved to be the best PSO model because it can obtain 10 out of 10 minimum average fitness values. The outcomes can assist the researchers while applying the method to their research.
In-process Estimation of Ascorbic Acid Assay Using Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Felipe M A , Baldovino R 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Demand for greater volume of pediatric vitamin C syrups become higher every year whilst maintaining an expected high quality Current laboratory techniques employ costly time-consuming and destructive testing which inhibit manufacturers to attain higher process efficiency In this study machine learning methods: random forest RF support vector machine SVM artificial neural network ANN and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system ANFIS are used for the estimation of percentage ascorbic acid %AA assay Likewise these methods are compared to conventional linear regression LR model and to each other pH specific gravity viscosity and %AA assay measurements were used for the training of the network Preprocessing technique involving data smoothing was employed on each nonlinear main effect relationship to reduce the noise and achieve better prediction accuracy Upon training it was found the ANN coupled with Bayeasian Regularization exhibited 02314 MSE a higher accuracy among other algorithms Furthermore it generally pushed ANN to be relatively more accurate than ANFIS with a minimal MSE of 030810
Learning Convolution Neural Network with Shift Pitching based Data Augmentation for Vibration Analysis
Authors: Esa M. F. M. , Mustaffa N. H. , Omar H. , M Radzi N. H. , Sallehuddin R 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Data augmentation is a common approach that been implemented in order to increase the training data quantity for Convolutional Neural Networks in signal processing, image recognition and speech recognition. However, the conventional data augmentation methods usually implement the window slicing and overlap window slicing methods in the bearing fault analysis. Meanwhile, the audio deformation approach such as time stretching and pitch shifting methods have been commonly used as data augmentation approach in speech recognition. Thus, this paper proposed a data augmentation based on shift pitching technique for the vibration signal. The relationship between the audio and the vibration signal is evaluated for a bearing fault analysis using Convolution Neural Networks. The new dataset produce by the data augmentation is used to increase the number of training dataset and to improve the Convolutional Neural Networks training performance. The result shows that the shift pitching based data augmentation method able to achieve higher training accuracy compared to the window sliding data augmentation. The combinations of all ratio pitch obtain 93% accuracy whilst the accuracy for a single rate pitch are between 81% to 91%.Thus, the proposed method is competent and able to improve the performance of bearing fault classification
Design and Development of Young Coconut Shell and Husks Shredder Machine
Authors: Amear Syed Ariffin Syed , Chun Lin Saw , Chee Guan Choong 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Young coconut shell and husk shredder machine is designed for shredding the husks after the process of coconut shell crushing. The main objective of this machine is to reduce coconut shell waste after the completion of harvest. The machine contains of two shafts of 25 blades per shafts (1st stage) and another two shafts of 30 blades per shaft (2nd stage) placed side by side in order to put pressure on the coconut shell and husk during the cutting process. At stage 1, which is the shredding stage, it has 2 shafts which both rotate in the opposite direction. The blades have bigger surface area, thick, hard-faced cutting surfaces and run in low rotation per minute (rpm) in order to crush the coconut shell and husk. At stage 2, which is the cutting stage, it consists of 2 shafts which rotate in the opposite direction and each shafts consist of 30 blades. The blades in stage 2 is thinner compared to the blades in stage 1, sharp cutting edge and the distance from each blades are closer to each other in order to cut and shred the coconut shell and husks into small, fine and desired size. Furthermore, the rotations of the blades are both in opposite directions toward each other which mean that the cutting process will consists pressure into the shell and husks. The output for the machine is able to produce 50 - 80 kg of young coconut shell and husks after the shredding process hourly. The machine uses electrical motor to reduce sound pollution. Besides that, a 1420 rpm motor is fitted to run the machine entirely which is equivalent to 1 Horsepower (Hp). The output power achieved is 544 kiloWatt hour (kWh) with an efficiency of 73%. Lastly, the objectives are achieved, that is to reduce young coconut shell and husks waste by converting to animal feeds.
Poly(ethylene-co-vinylacetate) Copolymer Based Nanocomposites: A Review
Authors: Fazlina Osman Azlin , Rasyidah Abdul Hamid Asna , Fareyhynn Mohammed Fitri Tuty , Amalia Ahmad Fauzi Asfa , Anwar Abdul Halim Khairul 
Published: July 2020

AbstractNowadays, there is huge demand for novel materials which are desired for new functions and new technological advancements. All technological demands for new applications cannot be implemented by many of the well-established materials, such as single plastics, metals or ceramics. Hence, engineers and scientists realized that, in comparison with pristine counterparts of material, the mixtures of materials can produce much better properties. Polymer nanocomposites is a new form of materials that resulted by the combination of polymers and nanofillers which contributed to various benefits over the neat polymer such as improvement in biocompatibility, biostability, thermal stability, flame retardancy, mechanical and barrier properties. Due to these factors, nanocomposites have received an extraordinary consideration for use in broad range of applications. However, the polymer nanocomposites which comprised of copolymer as matrix material are not widely studied, especially those involved poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) (PEVA). The production of PEVA copolymer-based nanocomposites for various applications has been reported by few research papers. In this communication, a review on the properties of PEVA-based nanocomposites with different types of nanofiller was summarized, revealing the high potential of this class of nanocomposite for advanced applications.
Effect of Cascade Aerator Height and Flow Rate on Removal of Iron and Manganese from Groundwater at Rumah Nur Kasih
Authors: Faiz Syazwan Md Razif Muhammad , Remy Rozainy Mohd Arif Zainol Mohd , Jamil Rhahimi , Rahim I A 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The quality of groundwater at Rumah Nur Kasih consist high concentration of iron (6.12 mg/L) and manganese (0.56 mg/L). The groundwater only used for external usage such as cleaning purposes. In order to reduce iron and manganese, it is proposed cascade aerator system for oxidation process. The oxidation process can reduce iron and manganese in water by increasing the dissolved oxygen. Cascade aerator is greatly influenced by the flow rate along the step and the dimension of the cascade aerator. In this study, two lab scale cascade aerators with different in height of cascade were used to find the highest removal of iron and manganese. It was found out that the optimum flowrate for both cascade aerator was 22 ml/s. Model B with higher in height has higher dissolved oxygen and removal efficiency. The removal of iron and manganese for model B are 45.2% and 21.68% respectively. The removal of iron and manganese for model A are 39.95% and 12.09% respectively.
Effect of Environmental Temperature and Humidity on Different Metal Oxide Gas Sensors at Various Gas Concentration Levels
Authors: Nabil Abdullah Abdulnasser , Kamarudin Kamarulzaman , Muhammad Mamduh Syed , Hamid Adom Abdul , Hadi Mohd Juffry Zaffry 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Metal Oxide (MOX) semiconductor gas sensors have been widely used in monitoring targeted gases that are present in the environment. This type of gas sensor can also be utilized as a safety device to detect the source of gas leakage. Their uses in many applications are due to being user-friendly, lower in cost, high sensitivity and relatively quick response time. However, there are several factors that could affect their performance. This work investigates the effects of the changes in ambient temperature and humidity on the readings of these sensors at various gas concentration levels. A PCB board was developed, which consists of temperature and humidity sensors, as well as eight different MOX gas sensors (TGS2600, TCS2602, CCS803, MiCS552, GM-402B, GM-502B, GM-702B and MiCS6814). The board was subjected to various temperatures (16˚C to 30˚C) and humidity levels (45% to 75%). At each of these parameter settings, the gas sensor responses were recorded at different ethanol gas concentrations. The results of the study showed that the temperature and humidity affected all the gas sensor response. The magnitude of the sensors responses was observed to decrease with rising temperature and humidity levels, except for MICS6814 (NH3 sensor) which responses in the opposite manner. Hence, there is the need to take into consideration of the drift of gas sensors’ responses when there are changes in temperature and humidity.
Analysis of the Behaviour and Effect of Grounding Filler Materials on Grounding System
Authors: Aqilah Sofiyah Hasni Nur , Nizam Md Arshad Syahrun , Md Ariffen Amizah , Helmei Halim Nasrul , Chin Leong Wooi , Izuan Fahmi Romli Muhammad , Abu Bakar Osman 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The grounding system plays an important role in the electrical system part as it gives protection during fault or lightning occur. The main purpose of the grounding system is to protect humans, electrical appliances and buildings from electrical shock due to lightning or another form of electricity that hazardous. Thus, to install an excellent electrical system and complete its circuit, a grounding system performance must be taken into account. But, in certain cases, due to the geological condition, the soil resistivity is not good enough. Therefore, enhancement filler material has been used to reduce grounding resistance. In this project, it is aimed to elaborate on the usage of Coconut Husk, Paddy Husk, and Bentonite as grounding filler materials to reduce the soil resistivity and improves the grounding system. The result showed that Bentonite showed better performance compared to Coconut Husk and Paddy Husk.
Review on RTV Silicone Rubber Coatings Insulator for Transmission Lines
Authors: Huzaimah Kamal Hamadi Siti , Isa Muzamir , Nizam Md Arshad Hashim Syahrun , Othman Mardianaliza 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Nowadays, the usage of RTV Silicone Rubber as Insulator coatings are increased due to its advantages to avoid pollution flashover of contaminated insulator. Besides, the coatings can reduce the maintenance cost and scheduled routine. This paper had introduced the advantage of RTV Silicone Rubber coatings on insulator, such as good adhesion, nominal thickness range and good hydrophobicity. There are three method of coatings application, such as brushing, spraying and dipping. Suitable method is used to specific insulator application. Meanwhile, this paper also explained about installation of coated insulator in the field.
Mechanical Design and Evaluation of Kapok Fibre Seeds Separator
Authors: Ikman Ishak Muhammad , Rosli M U , Ahmad Termizi S N A , Khor C Y , Asrul Abdullah Muhamad , Nawi M A M 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The demand on Kapok fibre-based products has currently shown an increase particularly those from small business traders in comparison to massive market sellers due to lower cost offered. However, the small business traders commonly use manual technique to separate the Kapok fibre from its seed before continuing to the next stages, thus, leading to labour-intensive work, longer processing time, and low output. The aim of the study was to design and develop a Kapok fibre seeds separator to efficiently perform the work. A number of idea generation and concept development phases were undertaken. The finalised concept was the transformed into a three-dimensional (3-D) model using a computer-aided design (CAD) software. A computational 3-D finite element analysis (FEA) was conducted to evaluate the structural performance under simulated loadings. Also, the product prototype was built and its usability has been tested. The outcomes of 3-D FEA showed that the highest mechanical stress recorded within the structure was favourable with low tendency towards failure. Whilst, the results of usability testing demonstrated that the proposed product reported an increase of 52.8% in the amount of separated seeds. Thus, the new design of Kapok fibre seeds separator is found to be superior in solving the problems issued by the manual processing technique.
Effect of Using Soap Nut as Natural Foaming Agent on Mechanical Properties and Pore Distribution of High Strength Aerated Concrete
Authors: Abdullah M A H , Rashid N A , Abdul Rani A L , Omar M F , Tan C C 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Aerated concrete is a type of concrete that contains pore in its matrix structure. This pores could provide spaces for water absorption which makes aerated concrete more durable toward freeze-thaw cycle. Many methods have been studied in forming an aerated concrete and using soap nut as aerating agent is more sustainable than other chemically formulated agent. Forming of pore inside concrete not only improve freeze-thaw cycle durability but also as places to store healing agent in concrete. This is important in developing a self-healing concrete especially a microbial induced healing. This paper aims to study the effect of using soap nut in high strength concrete. Four types of high strength concrete samples were prepared which are Control sample, AE2 with 2% of aerated soap nut, AE4 with 4% of aerated soap nut and AE6 with 6% of aerated soap nut. Total of 3nos. of 100mm cubes and 3nos. of 50mm cubes from each type of samples were prepared. Cubes samples of 100mm dimension were tested for water absorption and compressive strength while cube samples of 50mm dimension were split and analysed for pore distribution. The results showed that increase in addition of soap nut in concrete mixture resulted in decrease of compressive strength but minimal effect on its water absorption rate. Pore formation and dispersion were optimum in concrete with 4% and 6% inclusion of soap nut. In conclusion, 4% of aerated soap nut in high strength concrete present the optimum characteristic in producing well-dispersed pores of high strength aerated concrete.
Effect on Product Yield and Tar Composition through Co-Gasification of Pretreated Palm Kernel Shell and Mukah Balingian Coal
Authors: Ahmad Razi , Azlan Mohd Ishak Mohd , Nasulhah Kasim Nur , Ismail Khudzir 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In this study, co-gasification of palm kernel shell (PKS) and Mukah Balingian (MB) coal was carried out in a fixed bed reactor. The effect of sample pretreatment of both samples were explored via co-gasification towards product yields and tar composition. Results indicated that, pretreated blending samples produced higher gas yield with lower tar and char yield than the untreated blending samples. This was due to low moisture and oxygenated components of the pretreated samples prior to co-gasification. The tar composition of the pretreated blending samples showed increasing in the aromatic and aliphatic alkane, whereas, noticeable decreasing of phenol and carbonyl. Thus, pretreated of PKS and MB coal have prominence influence on the distribution of product yields and tar composition through co-gasification.
Design for Manufacturing and Assembly (DFMA): Redesign of Joystick
Authors: Nasyitah Mohammad Nor , Rosli M F , Fadzly M K , Syaiyidah Mohamad Salikan Nur , Effendi M S M 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Design is the first step in any manufacturing process where the most crucial decisions are made which affect the product’s ultimate cost. The researchers used DFMA method in this study to redesign and improve a joystick in order to achieve the goal to decrease the number of parts, handling and insertion time, and improve the design efficiency for a joystick. The main emphasis in this research has been on the design stage of a product development, with a view to accomplishing an optimal design approach for current product.DFMA principles have been used to develop new design ideas and the final design will be evaluate and compared to the current design. In result, the assembly time for redesign then increased by 21 % with a decrease in the assembly time from 294.2s to 232.44s and an improvement in design efficiency by 26.5 % from 20.4 % to 25.8 %.
Application of Building Information Modeling in Data Center design
Authors: Rybakova Angelina , Kagan Pavel 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The constant increase in operating costs of data centers (DC) is the driving force behind innovations to increase their efficiency. Today, one of the newest ways to improve the design and functionality of data centers is the integration of building information modeling (BIM). The aim of the work is to analyze the possibilities of increasing the efficiency of the data center design stage based on the use of BIM-technologies, and the task is to design data center systems of all levels of certification of the Uptime Institute. The integration of the capabilities of BIM-technologies during design increases the efficiency of both the general design of the facility and special design indicators of data centers. This article sets out the basics of integrating BIM and data centers, a working mechanism for their interaction when designing the required level of functionality of the Uptime Institute with the design, as well as the possibility of using BIM-data from the design stage in the subsequent stages of installation and operation.
Application of Green Roofing Technologies as Site Landscaping
Authors: Luchkina Veronika 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Due to the problems of the urban environment, people began to develop the technologies for “green” roofings as site landscaping. The purpose of the study was to examine the design methods of “green” roofings and to identify their unique positive properties. The research objectives consisted of the analysis of the “green” roofing technology and the identification of their weak points. The study examined external and internal environmental factors characterizing the possibility of using the roof of the building. The following normative characteristics were considered as design methods for “green” roofings: load-bearing bases and slopes, load calculation, waterproofing, roots protecting barrier, protective layers, thermal insulation, vapor barriers, and building units. The results of the study are organizational and technological design solutions for a “green” roofing using regulatory documentation. The weak points of the “green” roofing can be solved by competent design and high-quality performance. “Green roofings” can be more widely developed especially in multi-storey constructions. Any one-time costs in the design and construction of any facility are economically justified if they provide low operating costs when using these facilities. The developers pay attention to the compositions and design concept of the layers of the cultural environment for growing plants, as well as methods of preserving the plant substrate. The design concepts related to operating roofs are of great interest: arrangement of sports grounds, pools, walking paths. The arrangement of a green roof is a multi-directional technological task and, if necessary, the purpose of the subsequent research. We can single out the implementation of forecasting the further development of green roofing technologies. In the future, a large number of green roofings can increase the ecological rating of the area.
Sustainable use of industrial-waste as fine-aggregate of Foam Concrete
Authors: Vu Kim Dien , Bazhenova Sofya , Tang Van Lam , Cong Ly Nguyen 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The benefits of using industrial waste as a replacement for natural sand and cement in light-weight concrete are also discussed. The paper presents the use of fly ash and blast furnace slag to replace 100% sand in foam concrete with a wet density of 1700 kg/m3 and 900 kg/m3 as well as their mechanical properties. The absolute volume method was used to calculate the ratio of foam concrete mixture. Besides, the foam concrete mechanical properties are determined according to the Russian standard GOST 10180-2012. Research results indicate that at the age of 28 days with Series I, the value of compressive strength obtained from 13.91MPa to 42.35 MPa, flexural strength from 0.53 MPa to 1.06 MPa and water absorption between 0.92% and 5.78% with Series II these values from 1.69 MPa to 8.22 MPa for compressive strength, from 3.25 MPa to 6.72 MPa for flexural strength and the result for water absorption is in the range of 12.35% and 22.16%. Besides that, research results also indicate that the correlation between dry density and compressive strength has a positive linear relationship. The results of this study have proved that foam concrete uses fly ash and blast furnace slag can replace traditional concrete in construction as well as replacing clay bricks will not only improve concrete strength but also reduce costs as well as protect the environment.
Study on particle size distribution of aggregate from coal ash for heat-resistant concrete
Authors: Phuong Do Thi , Lam Nguyen , Duc Vu Minh 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In Vietnam, the current amount of thermal ash (fly ash and bottom) remains nearly 100 million tons, causing great environmental and social impacts. The recycling and reuse of this source of waste is an effective solution towards sustainable development. The paper introduces the results of study on some properties and particle size distribution of aggregate from thermal ash, Duyen Hai factory for refractory concrete. Particle composition is calculated and selected according to the density of particle size arrangement with the maximum number of points of contact. The continuous particle size distributions of thermal ash is calculated by Andersen’s formula with Dmax = 5 mm. The bulk density and porosity of the particle mixture corresponding to the vibrating modes is determined. By the experimental planning method (Design of experiments - DoE), the optimal aggregate particle composition was determined with the calculated value of n = 0.387 and the vibration time of 90 s gives the maximum bulk density of 1313.17 kg/m3 and the smallest actual porosity is 34.69%.