bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fabrication of nonextruded recycled rubber–polyethylene composites
Authors: Soleimani Majid , Cree Duncan , Olson Landon , Tabil Lope G. , Panigrahi Satya 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis study was conducted to investigate the possibility of one‐stage molding process skipping compounding extrusion for the fabrication of cross‐linked polyethylene (PE)‐ground tire rubber (GTR) composites. The process resulted in a wide range of composites with various properties. Response surface methodology technique based on central composite design was employed with variables: polyethylene content (PE: % per polymer fraction), dicumyl peroxide (DC: % per polymer fraction), molding residence time (RT: min), and filler content (F: % per total mass). A quadratic model was able to significantly describe tensile strength, elongation at break (EB), and impact resistance/energy of the composites as a function of PE, DC, RT, and F. Tensile strength (TS) was positively affected by PE, DC, and RT; however, it was negatively affected by the filler content. Tensile EB and impact resistance of the composites were improved by DC and RT, while reduced by PE and filler increment. Composites with TS, ultimate elongation, and impact resistance of 11.5 MPa, 140%, 244 MJ/m2, respectively, were obtained under optimized conditions. The nonextrusion molding process is recommended for the fabrication of PE‐GTR composites due to the higher stiffness/tensile modulus and a slightly lower strength of nonextruded composites compared to the extruded composites.
Preparation and properties of chitosan/acidified attapulgite composite proton exchange membranes for fuel cell applications
Authors: Hu Fuqiang , Li Ting , Zhong Fei , Wen Sheng , Zheng Genwen , Gong Chunli , Qin Caiqin , Liu Hai 
Published: February 2020

AbstractA composite proton exchange membrane chitosan (CS)/attapulgite (ATP) was prepared with the organic–inorganic compounding of ATP and CS. The composite membranes were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The mechanical properties, thermal stability, water uptake, and proton conductivity of the composite membranes were fully investigated. The composite membranes exhibited an enhanced mechanical property, dimensional and thermal stability compared to CS membrane, owing to the interface interaction between ATP and CS. The maximum tensile strength of 53.1 MPa and decomposition temperature of 223.4°C was obtained, respectively. More importantly, the proton conductivity of the composite membrane is also enhanced, the composite membrane with 4 wt% ATP content (CS/ATP‐4) exhibited the highest proton conductivity of 26.2 mS cm−1at 80°C with 100% relative humidity, which is 25.1% higher than pure CS membrane. These results may explore a simple and green strategy to prepare CS‐based PEMs, which have a great potential in the application of proton exchange membrane fuel cells.
Synthesis and biological evaluation of pyrazolone analogues as potential anti‐inflammatory agents targeting cyclooxygenases and 5‐lipoxygenase
Authors: Shabaan Mohamed A. , Kamal Aliaa M. , Faggal Samar I. , Elsahar Ayman E. , Mohamed Khaled O. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractNew pyrazolone derivatives structurally related to celecoxib and FPL 62064 were synthesized and biologically evaluated for their inhibitory activity against cyclooxygenases (COXs) and 5‐lipoxygenase (5‐LOX) and their selectivity indices were calculated. The results showed that compounds 3f, 3h, 3l, and 3p have an excellent COX‐2 selectivity index. Moreover, they showed potent 5‐LOX inhibitory activity relative to celecoxib and zileuton, as positive controls. These promising candidates were further investigated for anti‐inflammatory activity using the carrageenan‐induced rat paw edema method and ulcerogenic liability. The results showed no ulceration, which implies their gastric safety profile. Moreover, these compounds were evaluated for prostaglandin (PGE2) production in rat serum. Molecular docking in the COX‐2 and 5‐LOX active sites was performed to rationalize their anti‐inflammatory activities. Strong binding interactions and effective docking scores were identified. The results indicated that these derivatives are good leads for dual‐acting COX‐2/5‐LOX inhibitors to be used as potent and safe anti‐inflammatory agents.
Verbinder aus Kunstharzpressholz mit veränderter Oberfläche zur Erhöhung der Reibung in der Scherfuge
Authors: Aurand Simon , Blaß Hans Joachim 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIm Rahmen der Entwicklung neuartiger Hauptträger‐Nebenträger‐Verbinder aus Kunstharzpressholz (KPH) wurden im ersten Teil eines laufenden Forschungsvorhabens verschiedene Arten der Oberflächenbehandlung der Verbinder untersucht. Diese umfassten Schleifen und Sandstrahlen, Beschichten mit Mineralkörnern und unterschiedlichen Bindemitteln sowie das Fräsen mit verschiedenen Werkzeugen. In Versuchen wurden die jeweiligen Reibbeiwerte zwischen behandeltem KPH und Nadelholz ermittelt. Dabei konnten mittlere Haftreibungskoeffizienten von über 1,0 und charakteristische Werte bis etwa 0,9 bestimmt werden. Dies bedeutet eine signifikante Steigerung gegenüber dem Wert von 0,25, der im Eurocode 5 zur Berücksichtigung des Seileffekts angegeben ist. Aufbauend auf den Reibversuchen wurde in weiterführenden Versuchen das Verhalten der modifizierten Oberflächen in Verbindungen mit schräg eingedrehten Vollgewindeschrauben untersucht. Hierbei konnten der tragfähigkeitssteigernde Einfluss der modifizierten Oberflächen bestätigt und Steigerungen der Tragfähigkeit von bis zu 40 % erzielt werden.
Engineering repeat proteins of the immune system
Authors: McCord Jennifer P. , Grove Tijana Z. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractLimitations associated with immunoglobulins have motivated the search for novel binding scaffolds. Repeat proteins have emerged as one promising class of scaffolds, but often are limited to binding protein and peptide targets. An exception is the repeat proteins of the immune system, which have in recent years served as an inspiration for binding scaffolds which can bind glycans and other classes of biomolecule. Like other repeat proteins, these proteins can be very stable and have a monomeric mode of binding, with elongated and highly variable binding surfaces. The ability to target glycans and glycoproteins fill an important gap in current tools for research and biomedical applications.
Indocyanine green fluorescence lymphography during gastrectomy after initial endoscopic submucosal dissection for early gastric cancer
Authors: Roh C K , Choi S , Seo W J , Cho M , Son T , Kim H-I , Hyung W J 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Background
Indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence lymphography can be used to visualize the lymphatic drainage of gastric cancer. Few studies have been performed to identify lymphatic drainage patterns after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). ESD results in changes to lymphatics owing to fibrosis of the submucosal layer. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of ICG fluorescence lymphography for visualization of lymphatic drainage after ESD, and to assess its clinical application in additional gastrectomy after ESD for early gastric cancer.

Methods
All patients who underwent gastrectomy after ESD between 2014 and 2017 in a single centre were reviewed. ICG was injected endoscopically into the submucosal layer around the ESD scar the day before surgery. At the time of surgery, lymph nodes (LNs) were visualized and lymphadenectomy was performed with near-infrared imaging. Ex vivo, all LNs were examined for the presence of fluorescence. Number of LNs resected and number of tumour-positive LNs were compared between patients who underwent near-infrared imaging and those who had conventional lymphadenectomy without intraoperative imaging.

Results
Some 290 patients underwent gastrectomy after ESD, 98 with fluorescence lymphography-guided lymphadenectomy and 192 with conventional lymphadenectomy. Fluorescence lymphography visualized lymphatic drainage in all patients, without complications related to ICG injection or near-infrared imaging. Fluorescence lymphography visualized all stations containing metastatic LNs. The sensitivity for detecting LN metastasis in fluorescent stations was 100 per cent (9 of 9 stations), and the negative predictive value was 100 per cent (209 of 209). One patient with LN metastasis had one non-fluorescent metastatic LN within a fluorescent station.

Conclusion
Fluorescence lymphography successfully visualized all draining LNs after ESD, with high sensitivity and negative predictive value for detecting LN metastasis. Fluorescence lymphography-guided lymphadenectomy could be an alternative to systematic lymphadenectomy during additional surgery after ESD.
Shopping less with shopping lists: Planning individual expenses ahead of time affects purchasing behavior when online grocery shopping
Authors: Davydenko Mariya , Peetz Johanna 
Published: February 2020

AbstractHow do shopping lists affect purchasing behavior? On the one hand, breaking down a shopping task into its subcomponents might increase predicted budget for the shopping trip and consequently increase the number of purchases made and dollars spent. On the other hand, a shopping list may function as a concrete action plan for the shopping task and decrease the number of purchases made and dollars spent. In two studies, participants were randomly assigned to make a shopping list for their next grocery trip or not make a list and then completed the shopping trip virtually without the shopping list (Study 1) or with the shopping list (Study 2), using a popular online grocery store website. Those who were induced to make a shopping list prior to shopping bought marginally (Study 1) or significantly fewer (Study 2) items in an online grocery trip and spent marginally less money (Study 1). Simply making an overall spending prediction did not have the same effect as writing an itemized shopping list (Study 2), and purchases in this condition did not differ from those in the control group. We also document descriptive information on frequency of use and beliefs about functionality of shopping lists.
Formation of Aluminum‐Doped Zinc Oxide Nanocrystals via the Benzylamine Route at Low Reaction Kinetics
Authors: Ungerer Julian , Thurm Ann-Kathrin , Garnweitner Georg , Nirschl Hermann 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe influence of essential process parameters on the adjustability of specific process and particulate properties of aluminum‐doped zinc oxide (AZO) nanocrystals during synthesis via the benzylamine route at low reaction kinetics is demonstrated by enabling time‐resolved access of the selected measurement technique. It is shown that the validity of the pseudo‐first‐order process kinetics could be extended to the minimum operable reaction kinetics. On the other hand, the impacts of the process temperature and the initial precursor concentration on both the process kinetics and the particle morphology are discussed. The obtained data provide a versatile tool for precise process control by adjusting defined application‐specific particle properties of AZO during synthesis.
Patients with adenoid cystic carcinomas of the salivary glands treated with lenvatinib: Activity and quality of life
Authors: Locati Laura D. , Galbiati Donata , Calareso Giuseppina , Alfieri Salvatore , Singer Susanne , Cavalieri Stefano , Bergamini Cristiana , Bossi Paolo , Orlandi Ester , Resteghini Carlo , Platini Francesca , Granata Roberta , Quattrone Pasquale , Mancinelli Moela , Mariani Luigi , Lo Vullo Salvatore , Licitra Lisa F. 
Published: February 2020

BackgroundThe treatment of patients with recurrent and/or metastatic (R/M) salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) remains an unmet need.MethodsPatients with R/M disease with a history of clinical or symptomatic disease progression within 6 months and a maximum of 1 previous line of chemotherapy or a multiple kinase inhibitor received oral lenvatinib at a dose of 24 mg/day. The primary endpoint was the objective response rate; secondary endpoints included quality of life (QOL) (according to the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire‐Core 30 Items [EORTC QLQ‐C30] and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire–Core Module Head and Neck Module [EORTC QLQ‐H&N35]), progression‐free survival and overall survival, duration of response, and toxicities.ResultsTwenty‐eight patients with R/M ACC were enrolled. Among 26 evaluable patients, 3 partial responses (11.5%) were reported. Target lesion reductions between 23% to 28% were observed in 4 of 20 patients with stable disease. Treatment‐related adverse events were frequent (all grades, 96%; grade≥3 in 50% of cases according to version 4.03 of the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events). The dose of lenvatinib was reduced in 24 patients, whereas in 21 patients the dose was reduced within the first 12 weeks and 4 patients maintained the full dose throughout treatment. The QOL deteriorated between baseline and 6 months with regard to Fatigue and Dry Mouth. There was no evidence of changes in Swallowing and Physical Functioning. At a median follow‐up of 29 months, 2 patients remained on treatment, 10 patients were off protocol for disease progression and were alive with disease, and 14 patients had died of disease progression. The median overall survival, progression‐free survival, and duration of response were 27 months, 9.1 months, and 3.1 months, respectively.ConclusionsLenvatinib appears to have modest activity in ACC. Toxicities are common but manageable and QOL was found to deteriorate in some domains.
Comfort and reflectance properties of viscose/polyester blend fabric printed by vat/disperse dyes in visible/near‐infrared region
Authors: Salehi Seyed S. , Mehrizi Mohammad Khajeh , Bidoki Seyed M. , Shahi Zahra 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn this study, a viscose/polyester fabric was printed by disperse and vat dyes to match the reflectance characteristics of the NATO black and green hues with forest environment in the visible/near‐infrared (Vis‐NIR) reflection spectrum. The black and activated carbon nanoparticles were also added to the printing paste to match the reflectance of hues. Color components and Vis‐NIR reflective behavior of printed fabrics were measured by reflection spectrophotometer. The rubbing, washing and light fastness, water absorption time, air permeability, bending length, and crease recovery angle of printed fabrics were also studied. Additionally, the strength properties of samples were measured. The reflectance behavior of the samples showed that the use of the black and activated carbon nanoparticles results in diminution of the Vis‐NIR reflection. The strength, air permeability, and bending length of printed fabrics have decreased, while the angle of crease recovery and the time of water droplet absorption have increased. The rubbing, washing, and light stabilities of printed samples were also measured as appropriate.
Optogenetic Control of RhoA to Probe Subcellular Mechanochemical Circuitry
Authors: Cavanaugh Kate E. , Oakes Patrick W. , Gardel Margaret L. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSpatiotemporal localization of protein function is essential for physiological processes from subcellular to tissue scales. Genetic and pharmacological approaches have played instrumental roles in isolating molecular components necessary for subcellular machinery. However, these approaches have limited capabilities to reveal the nature of the spatiotemporal regulation of subcellular machineries like those of cytoskeletal organelles. With the recent advancement of optogenetic probes, the field now has a powerful tool to localize cytoskeletal stimuli in both space and time. Here, we detail the use of tunable light‐controlled interacting protein tags (TULIPs) to manipulate RhoA signaling in vivo. This is an optogenetic dimerization system that rapidly, reversibly, and efficiently directs a cytoplasmic RhoGEF to the plasma membrane for activation of RhoA using light. We first compare this probe to other available optogenetic systems and outline the engineering logic for the chosen recruitable RhoGEFs. We also describe how to generate the cell line, spatially control illumination, confirm optogenetic control of RhoA, and mechanically induce cell‐cell junction deformation in cultured tissues. Together, these protocols detail how to probe the mechanochemical circuitry downstream of RhoA signaling. © 2020 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.Basic Protocol 1: Generation of a stable cell line expressing TULIP constructsBasic Protocol 2: Preparation of collagen substrate for imagingBasic Protocol 3: Transient transfection for visualization of downstream effectorsBasic Protocol 4: Calibration of spatial illuminationBasic Protocol 5: Optogenetic activation of a region of interest
Mixing it up in Alaska: Habitat use of adult female Steller sea lions reveals a variety of foraging strategies
Authors: Lander Michelle E. , Fadely Brian S. , Gelatt Thomas S. , Sterling Jeremy T. , Johnson Devin S. , Pelland Noel A. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractFrom 2010 to 2015, satellite transmitters were deployed on 16 adult female Steller sea lions (AFSSLs; Eumetopias jubatus) in three regions of Alaska because there is limited information regarding the habitat use of this age class during winter and populations have yet to recover in western Alaska. Two approaches were used to assess how static (distance to shore, sea lion site, and continental shelf break, presence on/off the continental shelf, and bathymetric depth and slope), dynamic (proportion of daylight, fraction of lunar illumination, chlorophyll‐a, wind speed, sea surface height, eddy kinetic energy, and sea surface temperature), and other (region, distinct population segment, and season) covariates affected the habitat use of AFSSLs. Multimodel inference was first used to examine diving behaviors (mean and maximum dive depths, dive frequency) with respect to covariates using linear mixed‐effects models, whereas single model inference was used to examine kernel density estimates (KDEs) of individual monthly utilization distributions (n = 74) in western Alaska with respect to environmental covariates using generalized additive models. Additionally, weighted coefficients from these models were examined for the population as a whole, within each individual, between regions, and across monthly scales. Comparisons of foraging behaviors of AFSSLs over time and space revealed pronounced individual variability within overall broader patterns. Response variables of most models were related to various combinations of predictor variables, but distance to shore was the most influential variable across all models. As expected with a non‐migratory central place forager, frequency of diving and KDEs were greater on the shelf and near shore, though maximum dive depths increased with distance to shore. Interaction effects (proportion of day light*on/off shelf) observed for mean dive depths suggested AFSSLs were feeding on benthic species when in shelf waters near shore, whereas they were likely feeding on vertically migrating prey species while off‐shelf. Relationships regarding diving behaviors and KDEs of AFSSLs relative to dynamic oceanographic variables were not as prominent as those observed for static environmental variables, though some signals were apparent at different scales. Overall, static environmental features likely provided more consistent sources of habitat for prey resources, thereby making them more predictable for AFSSLs.
Sub‐annual moraine formation at an active temperate Icelandic glacier
Authors: Chandler Benjamin M.P. , Chandler Samuel J.P. , Evans David J.A. , Ewertowski Marek W. , Lovell Harold , Roberts David H. , Schaefer Martin , Tomczyk Aleksandra M. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis paper presents detailed geomorphological and sedimentological investigations of small recessional moraines at Fjallsjökull, an active temperate outlet of Öræfajökull, southeast Iceland. The moraines are characterized by striking sawtooth or hairpin planforms, which are locally superimposed, giving rise to a complex spatial pattern. We recognize two distinct populations of moraines, namely a group of relatively prominent moraine ridges (mean height ~1.2 m) and a group of comparatively low‐relief moraines (mean height ~0.4 m). These two groups often occur in sets/systems, comprising one pronounced outer ridge and several inset smaller moraines. Using a representative subsample of the moraines, we establish that they form by either (i) submarginal deformation and squeezing of subglacial till or (ii) pushing of extruded tills. Locally, proglacial (glaciofluvial) sediments are also incorporated within the moraines during pushing. For the first time, to our knowledge, we demonstrate categorically that these moraines formed sub‐annually using repeat uncrewed aerial vehicle (UAV) imagery. We present a conceptual model for sub‐annual moraine formation at Fjallsjökull that proposes the sawtooth moraine sequence comprises (i) sets of small squeeze moraines formed during melt‐driven squeeze events and (ii) larger push moraines formed during winter re‐advances. We suggest the development of this process‐form regime is linked to a combination of elevated temperatures, high surface meltwater fluxes to the bed and emerging basal topography (a depositional overdeepening). These factors result in highly saturated subglacial sediments and high porewater pressures, which induces submarginal deformation and ice‐marginal squeezing during the melt season. Strong glacier recession during the summer, driven by elevated temperatures, allows several squeeze moraines to be emplaced. This process‐form regime may be characteristic of active temperate glaciers receding into overdeepenings during phases of elevated temperatures, especially where their englacial drainage systems allow efficient transfer of surface meltwater to the glacier bed near the snout margin. © 2020 The Authors. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd
Robotic assisted transaxillary thymectomy: Novel approach to thymic surgery
Authors: Reily Robert E. , Kang Sang‐Wook , Kandil Emad 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundWe present a video case with a novel, minimally invasive approach to the thymus, which does not require a sternotomy, thoracic incision, or entry into the pleural space.MethodsA 14‐year‐old girl was referred to our clinic with dysphagia and left sided thymic mass. A detailed video shows the operative techniques used to perform a thymectomy with robotic assistance via a transaxillary approach.ResultsThe procedure was tolerated well and without complication. The patient was discharged the day after surgery and was symptom free at her 2‐week follow‐up appointment.ConclusionWe present a novel approach to thymic surgery that does not require a neck incision, sternotomy, or entry into the pleural space. There could be several benefits from this minimally invasive approach; however, concerns related to exposure and adequacy of resection need further research prior to recommending this technique for myasthenia or malignancy.