bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sutureless Scleral-Fixated Intraocular Lens Implantation for Refractive Rehabilitation in Eyes With Spherophakia
Authors: Kannan Naresh Babu , Sen Sagnik , Damodaran Sourav , Debbarma Meri , Rajan Renu P. , Kumar Karthik , Ramasamy Kim 
Published: July 2020

Purpose: Spherophakia is a rare, debilitating congenital ocular disorder. Methods: This institution-based, retrospective, interventional study evaluated medical records of 16 patients with spherophakia with a median age of 19.5 years. Twenty-six eyes underwent scleral-fixated intraocular lens implantation. The technique involved 2 parallel-to-limbus scleral tunnels fashioned using a microincision vitrectomy blade, followed by lensectomy, core vitrectomy, externalization of haptics through 2 separate diametrically opposite sclerotomies, and tucking in of the haptics into the tunnels. Anterior and posterior segment examination, visual acuity, and intraocular pressure (IOP) were noted at baseline and final follow-up. Results: Baseline best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of all eyes was 0.49 ± 0.51 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) (Snellen equivalent, 6/18). BCVA of more than 6/60 was present in 28 of 32 (87.5%) eyes, and 13 of 26 (50%) eyes that were operated on had a baseline BCVA of more than 6/18. Postoperative BCVA in 26 eyes improved from 0.43 ± 0.32 logMAR to 0.19 ± 0.21 logMAR (Snellen equivalent, 6/9) ( P = .002). Postoperative BCVA was more than 6/18 in 20 of 26 (76.9%) operated-on eyes ( P = .046), and all eyes had a final BCVA of more than 6/60. In 20 of 26 (76.9%) eyes, BCVA improved from preoperative status. Postoperatively, spherical equivalent improved from –9.55 ± 5.17 diopters to –0.29 ± 1.45 diopters ( P < .001). Apart from 2 patients with Marfan syndrome, 1 with Weill-Marchesani syndrome, and 1 with homocystinuria, the remaining patients had isolated spherophakia. Six eyes presented with an IOP greater than 21 mm Hg, and 50% of these eyes had a final IOP that decreased to less than 15 mm Hg after lensectomy. Conclusions: Lensectomy with pars plana vitrectomy and scleral-fixated intraocular lens is an effective method of refractive rehabilitation for patients with spherophakia presenting with visual disability.
C/EBPβ isoforms sequentially regulate regenerating mouse hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells
Authors: Sato Atsushi , Kamio Naoka , Yokota Asumi , Hayashi Yoshihiro , Tamura Akihiro , Miura Yasuo , Maekawa Taira , Hirai Hideyo 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe transcription factor CCAAT enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBPβ) is required for stress-induced granulopoiesis at the level of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs); however, its role and mechanisms of action in HSPCs are unknown. In this study, we assessed the regulation and functions of C/EBPβ in HSPCs, especially under stress conditions. After 5-fluorouracil treatment or bone marrow transplantation, Cebpb−/− HSPCs exhibited impaired cell-cycle activation and myeloid differentiation at the early and late phases of regeneration, respectively, whereas at steady state, Cebpb deficiency did not affect HSPCs. C/EBPβ was upregulated in response to hematopoietic stress, especially in CD150high long term-hematopoietic stem cells (LT-HSCs). Intracellular flow cytometric analysis that detected distinct domains of C/EBPβ revealed that, among the 3 isoforms of C/EBPβ, liver-enriched inhibitory protein (LIP) was upregulated in LT-HSCs prior to liver-enriched activating protein (LAP)/LAP* during regeneration. Early upregulation of LIP promoted cell-cycle entry of LT-HSCs by positively regulating Myc and expanded the HSPCs pool. Subsequent myeloid differentiation of amplified HSPCs was mediated by LAP/LAP*, which were upregulated at a later phase of regeneration. Collectively, our findings show that stress-induced sequential upregulation of C/EBPβ isoforms is critical for fine-tuning the proliferation and differentiation of regenerating HSPCs.
OvCa-Chip microsystem recreates vascular endothelium–mediated platelet extravasation in ovarian cancer
Authors: Saha Biswajit , Mathur Tanmay , Handley Katelyn F. , Hu Wei , Afshar-Kharghan Vahid , Sood Anil K. , Jain Abhishek 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In ovarian cancer, platelet extravasation into the tumor and resulting metastasis is thought to be regulated mostly by the vascular endothelium. Because it is difficult to dissect complex underlying events in murine models, organ-on-a-chip methodology is applied to model vascular and platelet functions in ovarian cancer. This system (OvCa-Chip) consists of microfluidic chambers that are lined by human ovarian tumor cells interfaced with a 3-dimensional endothelialized lumen. Subsequent perfusion with human platelets within the device’s vascular endothelial compartment under microvascular shear conditions for 5 days uncovered organ-to-molecular–level contributions of the endothelium to triggering platelet extravasation into tumors. Further, analysis of effluents available from the device’s individual tumor and endothelial chambers revealed temporal dynamics of vascular disintegration caused by cancer cells, a differential increase in cytokine expression, and an alteration of barrier maintenance genes in endothelial cells. These events, when analyzed within the device over time, made the vascular tissue leaky and promoted platelet extravasation. Atorvastatin treatment of the endothelial cells within the OvCa-Chip revealed improved endothelial barrier function, reduction in inflammatory cytokines and, eventually, arrest of platelet extravasation. These data were validated through corresponding observations in patient-derived tumor samples. The OvCa-Chip provides a novel in vitro dissectible platform to model the mechanisms of the cancer-vascular-hematology nexus and the analyses of potential therapeutics.
Fetal/neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia: a systematic review of impact of HLA-DRB3*01:01 on fetal/neonatal outcome
Authors: Kjeldsen-Kragh Jens , Fergusson Dean A. , Kjaer Mette , Lieberman Lani , Greinacher Andreas , Murphy Michael F. , Bussel James , Bakchoul Tamam , Corke Stacy , Bertrand Gérald , Oepkes Dick , Baker Jillian M. , Hume Heather , Massey Edwin , Kaplan Cecile , Arnold Donald M. , Baidya Shoma , Ryan Greg , Savoia Helen F. , Landry Denise , Shehata Nadine 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe most common, severe cases of fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia among whites are caused by antibodies against human platelet antigen 1a (HPA-1a). The aims of this systematic review and meta-analysis are to determine the association between maternal HLA-DRB3*01:01 and: (1) HPA-1a-alloimmunization and (2) neonatal outcome in children born of HPA-1a-immunized women. A systematic literature search identified 4 prospective and 8 retrospective studies. Data were combined across studies to estimate pooled odds ratios (ORs) and the associated 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The population represented by the prospective studies was more than 150 000. In the prospective studies, there were 64 severely thrombocytopenic newborns (platelet count &lt;50 × 109/L) of whom 3 had intracranial hemorrhage. The mothers of all 64 children were HLA-DRB3*01:01+. The number of severely thrombocytopenic children born of HPA-1a-alloimmunized women in the retrospective studies was 214; 205 of whom were born of HLA-DRB3*01:01+ women. For HLA-DRB3*01:01− women, the OR (95% CI) for alloimmunization was 0.05 (0.00-0.60), and for severe neonatal thrombocytopenia 0.08 (0.02-0.37). This meta-analysis demonstrates that the risk of alloimmunization and of having a child with severe thrombocytopenia are both very low for HPA-1a− women who are HLA-DRB3*01:01−.
Insights into the skin of caecilian amphibians from gene expression profiles
Authors: Torres-Sánchez María , Wilkinson Mark , Gower David J. , Creevey Christopher J. , San Mauro Diego 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundGene expression profiles can provide insights into the molecular machinery behind tissue functions and, in turn, can further our understanding of environmental responses, and developmental and evolutionary processes. During vertebrate evolution, the skin has played a crucial role, displaying a wide diversity of essential functions. To unravel the molecular basis of skin specialisations and adaptations, we compared gene expression in the skin with eight other tissues in a phylogenetically and ecologically diverse species sample of one of the most neglected vertebrate groups, the caecilian amphibians (order Gymnophiona).ResultsThe skin of the five studied caecilian species showed a distinct gene expression profile reflecting its developmental origin and showing similarities to other epithelial tissues. We identified 59 sequences with conserved enhanced expression in the skin that might be associated with caecilian dermal specialisations. Some of the up-regulated genes shared expression patterns with human skin and potentially are involved in skin functions across vertebrates. Variation trends in gene expression were detected between mid and posterior body skin suggesting different functions between body regions. Several candidate biologically active peptides were also annotated.ConclusionsOur study provides the first atlas of differentially expressed sequences in caecilian tissues and a baseline to explore the molecular basis of the skin functions in caecilian amphibians, and more broadly in vertebrates.
Self-care behavior: a new insight of the role of impulsivity into decision making process in persons with heart failure
Authors: Al-Hammouri Mohammed Munther , Rababah Jehad A. , Hall Lynne A. , Moser Debra K. , Dawood Zainab , Jawhar Wa’ed , Alawawdeh Ayat 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundSelf-care behavior has been reported to be below optimum in persons with heart failure, while the underlying decision making is not well understood. The Hot/Cool System model is a psychological model that may have potential applications in decision making process in persons with heart failure. The aim of this study was to examine the decision making process in self-care behavior in persons with heart failure in the light of the Hot/Cool System model.MethodsWe used the Hoot/Cool System Model to guide this study. Participants with heart failure from in-patients setting (N = 107) were recruited. Data were collected using self-report questionnaires. Moderated mediation analysis was used to study complex relationships among study variables.ResultsThe current study showed that impulsivity and perceived stress were negatively associated with self-care behavior. The results also showed that self-care confidence and impulsivity significantly predict self-care maintenance. The moderated mediation analysis revealed that self-care confidence mediated the relationship between impulsivity and self-care maintenance at lower levels of perceived stress, but not at higher levels of perceived stress.ConclusionOur findings revealed that persons with heart failure tend to make impulsive choices that may negatively affect disease progression under higher levels of perceived stress. This study provides foundational knowledge regarding the decision making process in persons with heart failure.
Comparison of general maternal and neonatal conditions and clinical outcomes between embryo transfer and natural conception
Authors: Pan Haiyan , Zhang Xingshan , Rao Jiawei , Lin Bing , He Jie Yun , Wang Xingjie , Han Fengqiong , Zhang Jinfeng 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
To examine the differences between pregnant women who underwent embryo transfer (ET) and those who conceived naturally, as well as differences in their respective babies, and to determine the causes for these differences, to provide recommendations for women who are planning to undergo ET.

Methods
A retrospective cohort study was performed of women who had received ET and those who had natural conception (NC) who received medical services during pregnancy and had their babies delivered at the Shunde Women and Children’s Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, China between January 2016 and December 2018. In line with the requirements of the ethics committee, before the formal investigation, we first explained the content of the informed consent of the patient to the patient, and all the subjects included agreed to the content of the informed consent of the patient. Respondents agreed to visit and analyze their medical records under reasonable conditions. Each case in an ET group of 321 women was randomly matched with three cases of NC (963 cases) who delivered on the same day. The demographic information, past history, pregnancy and delivery history, and maternal and neonatal outcomes of the two groups were compared using univariate analysis.

Results
Age, duration of hospitalization, number of pregnancies, number of miscarriages, induced abortion, ectopic pregnancy, gestational diabetes mellitus, preeclampsia, gestational anemia, pregnancy risk, mode of fetal delivery, and number of births were significantly different between the two groups (all P < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences in the disease, allergy, infection and blood transfusion histories of the pregnant women, or differences in prevalence of gestational hypothyroidism, gestational respiratory infection, premature rupture of membrane, placental abruption, fetal death, stillbirth, amniotic fluid volume and amniotic fluid clarity between the two groups (all P > 0.05). The percentages for low birth weight and premature birth were significantly higher in the ET group than in the NC group. In contrast, infant gender and prevalence of fetal macrosomia, fetal anomaly, neonatal asphyxia, and extremely low birth weight were not significantly different between the two groups (all P > 0.05).

Conclusions
The clinical outcomes of mothers and the birth status of infants were better in the NC group than in the ET group. Maternal health must be closely monitored and improved in the ET group to reduce the incidence of gestational comorbidity and enhance the quality of fetal life.
Efficient mutation screening for cervical cancers from circulating tumor DNA in blood
Authors: Lee Sun-Young , Chae Dong-Kyu , Lee Sung-Hun , Lim Yohan , An Jahyun , Chae Chang Hoon , Kim Byung Chul , Bhak Jong , Bolser Dan , Cho Dong-Hyu 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Early diagnosis and continuous monitoring are necessary for an efficient management of cervical cancers (CC). Liquid biopsy, such as detecting circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) from blood, is a simple, non-invasive method for testing and monitoring cancer markers. However, tumor-specific alterations in ctDNA have not been extensively investigated or compared to other circulating biomarkers in the diagnosis and monitoring of the CC. Therfore, Next-generation sequencing (NGS) analysis with blood samples can be a new approach for highly accurate diagnosis and monitoring of the CC.

Method
Using a bioinformatics approach, we designed a panel of 24 genes associated with CC to detect and characterize patterns of somatic single-nucleotide variations, indels, and copy number variations. Our NGS CC panel covers most of the genes in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) as well as additional cancer driver and tumor suppressor genes. We profiled the variants in ctDNA from 24 CC patients who were being treated with systemic chemotherapy and local radiotherapy at the Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Korea.

Result
Eighteen out of 24 genes in our NGS CC panel had mutations across the 24 CC patients, including somatic alterations of mutated genes (ZFHX3–83%, KMT2C-79%, KMT2D-79%, NSD1–67%, ATM-38% and RNF213–27%). We demonstrated that the RNF213 mutation could be used potentially used as a monitoring marker for response to chemo- and radiotherapy.

Conclusion
We developed our NGS CC panel and demostrated that our NGS panel can be useful for the diagnosis and monitoring of the CC, since the panel detected the common somatic variations in CC patients and we observed how these genetic variations change according to the treatment pattern of the patient.
Emergent pancreatectomy for neoplastic disease: outcomes analysis of 534 ACS-NSQIP patients
Authors: Driedger Michael R. , Puig Carlos A. , Thiels Cornelius A. , Bergquist John R. , Ubl Daniel S. , Habermann Elizabeth B. , Grotz Travis E. , Smoot Rory L. , Nagorney David M. , Cleary Sean P. , Kendrick Michael L. , Truty Mark J. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundWhile emergent pancreatic resection for trauma has been previously described, no large contemporary investigations into the frequency, indications, and outcomes of emergent pancreatectomy (EP) secondary to complications of neoplastic disease exist. Modern perioperative outcomes data are currently unknown.MethodsACS-NSQIP was reviewed for all non-traumatic pancreatic resections (DP – distal pancreatectomy, PD - pancreaticoduodenectomy, or TP- total pancreatectomy) in patients with pancreatico-biliary or duodenal-ampullary neoplasms from 2005 to 2013. Patients treated for complications of pancreatitis were specifically excluded. Emergent operation was defined as NSQIP criteria for emergent case and one of the following: ASA Class 5, preoperative ventilator dependency, preoperative SIRS, sepsis, or septic shock, or requirement of > 4 units RBCs in 72 h prior to resection. Chi-square tests, Fisher’s exact tests were performed to compare postoperative outcomes between emergent and elective cases as well as between pancreatectomy types.ResultsOf 21,452 patients who underwent pancreatectomy for neoplastic indications, we identified 534 (2.5%) patients who underwent emergent resection. Preoperative systemic sepsis (66.3%) and bleeding (17.9%) were most common indications for emergent operation. PD was performed in 409 (77%) patients, DP in 115 (21%), and TP in 10 (2%) patients. Overall major morbidity was significantly higher (46.1% vs. 25.6%,p < 0.001) for emergent vs. elective operations. Emergent operations resulted in increased transfusion rates (47.6% vs. 23.4%,p < 0.001), return to OR (14.0% vs. 5.6%,p < 0.001), organ-space infection (14.6 vs. 10.5,p = 0.002), unplanned intubation (9.% vs. 4.1%,p < 0.001), pneumonia (9.6% vs. 4.2%,p < 0.001), length of stay (14 days vs. 8 days,p < 0.001), and discharge to skilled facility (31.1% vs. 13.9%). These differences persisted when stratified by pancreatic resection type. The 30-day operative mortality was higher in the emergent group (9.4%vs. 2.7%,p < 0.001) and highest for emergent TP (20%).ConclusionEmergent pancreatic resection is markedly uncommon in the setting of neoplastic disease. Although these operations result in increased morbidity and mortality compared to elective resections, they can be life-saving in specific circumstances. The results of this large series of modern era national data may assist surgeons as well as patients and their families in making critical decisions in select cases of acutely complicated neoplastic disease.
Ethical and social implications of approaching death prediction in humans - when the biology of ageing meets existential issues
Authors: Gaille Marie , Araneda Marco , Dubost Clément , Guillermain Clémence , Kaakai Sarah , Ricadat Elise , Todd Nicolas , Rera Michael 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe discovery of biomarkers of ageing has led to the development of predictors of impending natural death and has paved the way for personalised estimation of the risk of death in the general population. This study intends to identify the ethical resources available to approach the idea of a long-lasting dying process and consider the perspective of death prediction. The reflection on human mortality is necessary but not sufficient to face this issue. Knowledge about death anticipation in clinical contexts allows for a better understanding of it. Still, the very notion of prediction and its implications must be clarified. This study outlines in a prospective way issues that call for further investigation in the various fields concerned: ethical, psychological, medical and social.MethodsThe study is based on an interdisciplinary approach, a combination of philosophy, clinical psychology, medicine, demography, biology and actuarial science.ResultsThe present study proposes an understanding of death prediction based on its distinction with the relationship to human mortality and death anticipation, and on the analogy with the implications of genetic testing performed in pre-symptomatic stages of a disease. It leads to the identification of a multi-layered issue, including the individual and personal relationship to death prediction, the potential medical uses of biomarkers of ageing, the social and economic implications of the latter, especially in regard to the way longevity risk is perceived.ConclusionsThe present study work strives to propose a first sketch of what the implications of death prediction as such could be - from an individual, medical and social point of view. Both with anti-ageing medicine and the transhumanist quest for immortality, research on biomarkers of ageing brings back to the forefront crucial ethical matters: should we, as human beings, keep ignoring certain things, primarily the moment of our death, be it an estimation of it? If such knowledge was available, who should be informed about it and how such information should be given? Is it a knowledge that could be socially shared?
Metabolic engineering of Escherichia coli for optimized biosynthesis of nicotinamide mononucleotide, a noncanonical redox cofactor
Authors: Black William B. , Aspacio Derek , Bever Danielle , King Edward , Zhang Linyue , Li Han 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Noncanonical redox cofactors are emerging as important tools in cell-free biosynthesis to increase the economic viability, to enable exquisite control, and to expand the range of chemistries accessible. However, these noncanonical redox cofactors need to be biologically synthesized to achieve full integration with renewable biomanufacturing processes.

Results
In this work, we engineered Escherichia coli cells to biosynthesize the noncanonical cofactor nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN+), which has been efficiently used in cell-free biosynthesis. First, we developed a growth-based screening platform to identify effective NMN+ biosynthetic pathways in E. coli. Second, we explored various pathway combinations and host gene disruption to achieve an intracellular level of ~ 1.5 mM NMN+, a 130-fold increase over the cell’s basal level, in the best strain, which features a previously uncharacterized nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NadV) from Ralstonia solanacearum. Last, we revealed mechanisms through which NMN+ accumulation impacts E. coli cell fitness, which sheds light on future work aiming to improve the production of this noncanonical redox cofactor.

Conclusion
These results further the understanding of effective production and integration of NMN+ into E. coli. This may enable the implementation of NMN+-directed biocatalysis without the need for exogenous cofactor supply.