bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Review of Passive Cooling Methods for Buildings
Authors: Chetan Vaddin , Nagaraj Kori , Kulkarni Prakash S , Modi Shiva Kumar , Kempaiah U N 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
An energy crisis has become a challenging issue all over the world. More than 40% of energy consumption (or more than that) is due to buildings. People were and are always looking to improve indoor conditions. Cold countries are worried about keeping the space warm whereas hot countries are worried about keeping the space cooler. There has been an exceptional increment in the utilization of air conditioning system, air coolers and fans for cooling the buildings all around the globe. The cooling load requirements of buildings have witnessed a severe energy crisis in developing countries, particularly during summer for the last two decades. Increasing consumption of energy is also one of the reasons and has led to environmental pollution resulting in global warming and ozone layer depletion. To overcome the above-said problem, we have to go with different types of cooling systems. Passive cooling and Active cooling are the two main types of cooling systems. In Active cooling technique mechanical energy in one or other form is used to cool the interior of the building (ex: Air-Conditioning (A/C), Ceiling fans etc.) which requires power source to provide the desired effect, whereas, Passive cooling technique is natural method of cooling buildings is least expensive, and it mainly depends on interaction of building and its surrounding. This paper aims to present a review of different types of Passive cooling technologies to reduce the cooling load on buildings.
Innovative Types of Buildings and Materials Reorganization as Systems in the Cyberphysics of Techno-Science
Authors: Losev K Yu , Chulkov V O , Nazirov B E 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The study dedicates to innovative types of construction reorganization such as renovation, reversal, recombination, retreatment, which have been implementing in varying degrees in construction practice. The objects of study are innovative types of buildings and materials reorganization as cyberphysical systems. The task of the study was to analyze the modern scientific and technological development of society as the techno-science domain area, then to determine a place of cyberphysics in the environment of techno-science and present an interaction analytical model of cyberphysics, techno-science and the complex of innovative types of buildings and materials reorganization. An infographic modelling as a particular consideration level of objects in the techno-science domain area has been used as a method in the study. Conclusions of the study show that the correct interaction infographic model is based on the theory of multipoint logics. Currently, the most relevant model for innovative type of construction reorganization for the housing and communal complex of the Russian Federation is a model of renovation. Foreign and domestic open scientific publications on the subject are summarized in the present study.
Autonomous Network of Seismic Stations of the Island of Matua
Authors: Dudchenko I P 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Currently, the majority of seismic stations installed in the Far East automatically continuously transmit data to processing centers. But none of the network’s seismic stations is autonomous in the full sense of the word. All these seismic stations are located in places where there is a power supply system and cellular communication. Some seismic stations do not transmit data due to the absence of a cellular network, and are powered by regularly replaced batteries, so they require regular visits to save data and replace batteries.
Investigation of Methods for Increasing of Energy Efficiency of Hot Water Boilers of Small and Average Capacity at the Expense of Reduction of Heat Losses with Exit Gases
Authors: Biryuzova E A 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Boiler units, being a considerable time in use, lose their effectiveness and even the high-quality performed commissioning works, are not always able to increase the efficiency (coefficient of efficiency) of such unit up to the declared values of parameter chart. Both domestic and foreign boiler equipment have this problem. This issues is reflected in increase of exit gases temperature and, consequently, increase of value of heat losses with exit gases and decrease in efficiency of boiler unit. The purpose of the investigation is to select the most effective way to solve this problem and at the same time the least expensive in terms of investment and modernization of the used equipment. Analytical and experimental studies of q
2, the value of heat losses with exit gases, domestic and foreign boiler units of small and average capacity were carried out. The obtained results allow us to formulate recommendations for improving the energy efficiency of boiler equipment for operating organizations and for organizations on the balance of which such equipment is located.
Heat Loss through External Enclosure Structures in the Stage of their Wetting and Freezing
Authors: Beregovoi A M , Beregovoi V A 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
An approximate estimate of the thermal conductivity of the material of the external enclosure structure is given under stationary heat transfer conditions, taking into account the various humidity of material and conditions of freezing of outside layer. There were given the calculated values of resistance to heat transfer for two considered designs of external enclosures: single-layer wall of inorganic material and the same with a screen (siding), separated from the wall by a ventilated air layer. The computational model showed an increase in the thermal conductivity of the material in the wet and frozen zones of the structures, a decrease in their total value of resistance to heat transfer, and rise in heat loss, compared to the normative method of calculation.
Influence of Type of Filler and Dispersive Reinforcement on the Nature of Structured Formation and Deformative Properties of Vibrocentrifuged Concrete
Authors: Stel’makh S A , Shcherban E M , Sysoev A K 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
It is noted that vibrated centrifuged fiber-reinforced concrete structures have a range of advantages over their analogues. Their research is of apparent scientific&practical interest for modern construction. The authors describe the course and results of the research on the filler and disperse reinforcement impact on shrinking deformation and creeping of vibrated centrifuged concretes. The equipment for research conduct is presented. The results of defining the shrinkage and creeping are provided in a graphical form. The authors draw the conclusion that the shrinking and creeping deformation of vibrated centrifuged concrete on dense fillers reduces if combined filler&disperse reinforcement are applied. The article gives the rationale and potential for incorporating porous fillers and disperse fibers into the vibrated centrifuged concrete mixes. In addition, structural formation of vibrated centrifuged fiber concretes is considered. The recommendations for construction by recipe and processing factors are given.
Mathematical Modeling of the Annual Consumption of Gas-Air Mixture on the Basis of Technical Butane for Household Needs of Individual Residential Buildings
Authors: Osipova N N , Grishin B M , Kultyaev S G 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Increasing share of private house building in the suburban zone of large cities, neighborhoods with townhouses, and suburban settlements with permanent residence of people requires intensive construction of engineering systems, including gas supply systems. The speed of providing built-up areas with pipeline network gas does not always keep up with the pace of housing construction, it is not economically feasible and may not be possible due to the relief features of the terrain. In this case, one of the possible sources of gas supply is autonomous gas supply systems based on gas-air mixtures. The most economically attractive one is the mixture of butane and air. At the same time, the recommendations for the determination of gas consumption regimes based on gas-air mixtures are very limited in the literature. Development of reasonable recommendations for determination of gas and air mixture consumption will ensure correct selection of gas supply elements, which causes reduction of cost of autonomous gas supply systems in general and will increase their attractiveness to the consumer.
A mathematical model for determination of annual consumption of gas-air mixture on the basis of technical butane for municipal and household needs is proposed, taking into account climatic features of the terrain, the aspect ratio of the object under study, the degree of glazing of the building facades, and the height of the floor. On the basis of the correlation analysis of mathematical modeling results, the dependences for determination of consumption of gas-air mixture for municipal and household needs of the building are proposed.
The Study of Fluid Filtration through Elastic-Porous Materials
Authors: Mikishanina E 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The development of sea depths is associated with large-scale construction of deep industrial and residential structures that can withstand high pressure. As a building material, concrete can be the most promising and simple material. However, at high pressures, materials that are usually considered waterproof or low-permeable, such as concrete, polyurethane, and others, become permeable to water. If, however, it is taken into account, the value is usually determined empirically in the laboratory. If, however, it is taken into account, the value is usually determined empirically in the laboratory. However, the experimental data obtained may vary significantly depending on the applied loads. Therefore, there is a need to fill this gap and find objective regularities of changes in the filtration coefficient of the medium under various loads, which will allow us to correctly formulate the filtration problem and increase the reliability of hydrodynamic calculations.
Dynamics of the System Intended for Destruction of Buildings and Constructions by a Shock Method
Authors: Naumov V A , Velikanov N L 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The article deals with the dynamics of the system intended for destruction of objects by the shock method. The working organ is a spherical body suspended by a rope on a crane boom. The ball is considered to be absolutely solid. All the potential energy of the ball is converted into kinetic energy before impact. Geometric and energy conditions of interaction are obtained. The boundaries of the parameter region in which the ball touches the wall are presented. The dependences of the normal and tangential velocity before impact on the relative cable length are obtained. In the first stage, the flat rough wall does not deform on impact. The dependence of the dimensionless ball speed of the center of mass and angular velocity after impact on the relative length of the cable are presented. An increase in the dimensionless distance to the wall leads to a decrease in the kinetic energy losses of the ball and an increase in the normal dimensionless shock pulse. The algorithm and graphics allow in the process of developing projects for the demolition of buildings and structures to make a choice of technological parameters that ensure the effective operation of construction equipment.
Influence of Type and Thickness of Cement-Concrete on the Calculation of Rigid Road Surfaces with Asphalt-Concrete Pavement
Authors: Korochkin A V 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The article is based on the example of calculations of options for hard pavements with asphalt concrete pavement according to regulatory documents in force in the Russian Federation, the results of a study on the dependence of the thickness of the cement concrete layer on the quality of the cement concrete mix are presented in this article. A comparison was made of the thickness of cement-concrete slabs, obtained as a result of calculation according to our “Guidelines for the design of rigid pavements” with similar designs recommended by the “Road Design Guide” of the state of California. Conclusions are drawn on the need to improve the methods of calculating rigid pavements in the Russian Federation, allowing to take into account more parameters, including those associated with new technologies for the preparation of cement-concrete mixture and its paving.
Ecosystem Approach to Assessing the State of the Urbanized Environment
Authors: Avdeeva E , Panov A 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The intensive process of urbanization has led to a number of environmental problems associated with a sharp deterioration in the quality of the urban environment. All this necessitates an objective assessment of its current state and knowledge of the mechanisms of functioning of systems in the interests of human ecological safety under the conditions of anthropogenic stress. Coniferous plants are used in urban landscaping. Under urban conditions, conifers perform the role of biological indicators, while the assimilation apparatus is a marker feature, which allows assessing the environmental conditions of urban areas. Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) is used in gardening of city streets and recreation areas. At the same time, pine ordinary responds to the effects of the urbanized environment. The results of the assessment of the state of the air environment by the dendroindication method based on the morphological features of conifers showed that of the 22 surveyed objects, only 3 of the air condition are estimated to be clean in the area village, the main building of the Siberian Federal University and on Botanical Boulevard. At two sites, the state of the air environment is estimated as clean, three - relatively clean. These objects are located on the periphery of the city, one of them in the valley of the river. On the remaining objects, the state of the air environment is estimated from polluted (5 objects), dirty (6 objects) to very dirty (2 objects).
Influence of Wooden Cross Ties on the Surrounding Medium at Operation of Transport Objects in Cold Regions
Authors: Rusanova E V , Abu-Khasan M S , Egorov V V 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In article questions of influence of wooden cross ties on a surrounding medium in the course of their operation on the railroad and after their replacement are considered in cold northern regions. The biggest negative impact on the environment comes from wooden sleepers impregnated with coal oil, oil pollution and heavy metal ions. Some ways of isolation of waste wooden cross ties by means of the geoeco-protective spreading materials are shown. Insulation technology has been proposed to minimize the environmental impact of spent wood sleepers for cold areas.
The Complex Evaluation of Geo Eco-Protective Technologies Taking into Account the Influence of Negative Temperatures
Authors: Rusanova E V , Abu-Khasan M S , Egorov V V 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The article considers the issue of integrated assessment of various geo-protective technologies that can be used in a cold region. For the first time, a parameter is introduced that takes into account the effect of negative temperature on the work of the tecnology being introduced as a whole. Materials for construction can also be assessed by the above algorithm. The calculation ends with a PQ index for each object.
Gardening of the Urbanized Territories as a Factor of Implementation of the Concept of Their Sustainable Development
Authors: Korosteleva N V , Korosteleva M V 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In article the value of activity of municipal units is proved in the sphere of gardening of the urbanized territories as one of factors of implementation of the concept of their sustainable development. Importance of inclusion in the list of municipal powers of questions of the organization of gardening of the territory of city districts for formation of the favorable urban environment and maintaining of its stable safe state is proved. The conclusion is drawn that plants actually are the main and single alternative to an anthropogenic landscape of a surrounding medium which is actively formed by the modern architecture. In this regard authors carried out the analysis of green fund in planning structure of the cities and regulatory requirements to its placement. On the basis of the carried-out analysis the system of indicators of environmental efficiency of activity of the municipal units in the sphere of city greening corresponding to signs of availability, measurability, compliance, sufficiency, complexity, reliability and comparability is offered.
Impulse Rotors on Sealing Rollers
Authors: Antipina E S , Kukinova G V , Antipin V M 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The friction cone of the compaction surface by the roller reduces the effectiveness of roadway preparation. The device for creating torsional vibrations destroys the friction cone, improves the quality of soil compaction and reduces vibrational loads on the roller, the environment and the operator.
Search for the Optimal Shape of Metal Spatial (space) Structures
Authors: Alpatov V 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The main disadvantages spatial structures are: increased requirements for the manufacturing elements accuracy; high consumption of material due to the having of “extra” elements; high material consumption due to the specified unification of elements. It is possible to reduce material consumption by searching optimal shape of the spatial structures and to refuse the idea of maximum unification of elements. A reduction in material consumption, if other things being equal, should provide a cheaper construction. The reasonable choice of the best project from the set of acceptable options can be made only with the use of optimization methods. The following are the author’s suggestions on parametric optimization task formulation for spatial bar metal structures. To solve this problem, it is suggested to use a method of calculation similar to the method suggested by prof. Ya.I. Olkov. Proposed for use direct search method on all spatial construction nodes coordinates variation. In suggested method node coordinate change cause change in geometrical shpe of the whole construction. Geometrical shape changes cause original construction to turn to a new one. For all new constructions only original topology is similar. This method allows to analize effectiveness of constructions with the same topology but different: height; node amount; belt grids of various geometric shapes. It is proposed to organize the solution of the problem in the form of a dynamic iterative process in which several levels of cycles of enumeration of parameters are realized. To implement the solution of the described problem, we proposed a computer implementation algorithm.
About Irreversible Changes in Soils Strength Properties after Dynamic Loads
Authors: Kalachuk T G , Shirina N V 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The impact of dynamic effects on soil change in properties depends both on the intensity of the loads, the frequency, the duration of their action, and on the soil tweed, its humidity and density. That is, for each type of soil it is necessary to determine the quantitative dependencies inherent only to it. To establish the regularity of irreversible changes in the adhesion and the internal friction angle after dynamic loads, experimental studies were performed. The article presents the results of experimental data processing, the obtained dependences on the determination of the strength characteristics of soils after dynamic loads.
Optimal Road Rollers Kit Selection for Asphalt-Concrete Mixture Compaction
Authors: Shishkin E A 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Compaction is the final operation of the road construction. A set of road rollers is used for this operation. Compacting efficiency depends on the selected operation modes of the technique. The article obtained dependence of asphalt concrete mix physicomechanical parameters and road roller design parameters. Based on this dependence, an algorithm for selecting and calculating the operating modes of road rollers optimal kit has been developed. Coating compaction cost was taken as the optimization criterion.
On the Determination of the Influence of Low Negative Temperatures on Deformability and the Development of the Microcracks Forming Process in Concrete Elements under Axial Compression
Authors: Karpenko N I , Yarmakovsky V N , Karpenko S N , Kadiev D Z 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Diagrams of axial, lateral and volumetric strains of concrete elements under axial compression in the conditions of low negative temperatures (in the frozen state) are built. It has been established that concrete specimens in the frozen state have increased strength and increased limits of axial, lateral and volumetric strains under axial compression. The diagrams of lateral strains coefficient are built. The dependencies connecting the changes in the values of coefficient of lateral strains of the concrete with variable parameters of its stress-strain state under negative temperatures action are investigated. Based on the analysis of change patterns in lateral, axial and volumetric strains, patterns of microcracks forming in concrete elements in a frozen state are established. The influence of low negative temperatures on the change of parametric points (levels) of stress-strain state of concrete, characterizing the lower and upper boundaries of microcracks forming regions is established. The results of these investigations are used for the development for the diagram method calculating of reinforced concrete structures, designed for use in conditions of low negative temperatures.
Numerical Solution of Contact Problems with Friction under Dynamic Loads
Authors: Lukashevich A A , Lukashevich N K 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The article deals with the dynamic problem of deformable solid mechanics with unilateral constraints and Coulomb friction. For the numerical solution of the problem, the finite element method is used, the contact interaction is modeled by means of the contact finite elements (CFE) of the frame-rod type. The statement of dynamic contact problem for the interacting elastic bodies is given. On the basis of the proposed discrete contact model and the method of step-by-step analysis a numerical algorithm has been developed, which allows in one step-by-step (on time) process to perform the integration of the equations of motion and the implementation of the conditions for unilateral constraints with Coulomb friction on the contact simultaneously. Under the conditions of ultimate friction the method of compensating loads has been applied. With the help of the proposed approach, numerical solutions of the problem of contact of the structure with the base at different parameters of the dynamic load have been obtained and analyzed.