bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrical, characterization and functional properties of extract gum ( Tniqonella Foenum graecum L. ) from Fenugreek seeds.
Authors: Al-Shammari B B , Al-Ali R M , Al-Sahi A A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Gum was extracted from fenugreek seeds Tniqonella Foenum graecum L, and characterized by several techniques method such DSC and Thermo gravimetric TGA analysis, Spectroscopic techniques such as Fourier- Transformed FT-IR, X- ray powded diffraction spectrometry and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. The results indicated FT-IR spectra of the studied gums showed the presence of the same functional groups expect arabic gum contain COO group, The main bands observed were assigned to O-H (3406. 26 – 3412.08) group from hydroxyl group, C-H aliphatic (2856.58 –2926.01), C=O (1429.25 –1668.43) group, COO (1735.43) group that are present only in the structure of arabic gum and C-O (1014.56. –1155.36). Thermo chemical properties of fenugreek seeds gum was determined and compared with arabic gum and acacia gum by DSC and TGA, The results are showed that fenugreek seeds gum and acacia gum were degraded at 300°C. The mass loss being of 33% and 45%, while Arabic gum was degraded at 303°C with weight loss 53% analyzing, The X- ray powdered diffraction revealed that fenugreek seeds gum had one weak peak at the scattering angle 2θ at 5.32 in height 60.15 cts which the X-ray diffract gram of the arabic gum and acacia gum showed presence weak peaks at the scattering angle 2θ at 20.94 and 19.04 in height 47.78 and 52.84 cts respectively. Analysis of gum by the H -NMR spectra indicate fenugreek seeds gum is a galactomannan type polysaccharide which contain mannose and galactose, which arabic gum and acacia gum were had the same sugars. All these result showed that fenugreek gum is useful in food industry.
Analysis of bioactive phytochemical compound of (Cyperus aucheri Jaub.) by using gas chromatography –mass spectrometry
Authors: Abu-Serag N A , Al-Garaawi N I , Ali A M , Alsirrag M A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Twenty one bioactive phytochemical compound were identified in the methanolic extract of Cyperus aucheri Jaub. The identification of phytochemical compounds is based on the peak area, retention time, molecular weight and MS Fragmentation. GC-MS analysis of Cyperus aucheri Jaub. Revealed the existence of the 3-Phenylheptanoic acid, benzylammonium salt, 2-(benzyloxymethyl)-5-methylfuran, 4-methoxycarbonylphenyl)methyl 4-methylbenzoate, Benzoic acid, 4-methyl-,[4-(methoxycarbonyl)phenyl]methyl ester, dodeca-5,7-diyne-1,12-diol, 4-Isopropyl-3,7-dimethyloctahydro-1H-cyclopenta[1,3]cyclopropa[1,2]benzol-3-ol, Benzoic acid,4-methyl-,[4- (methoxycarbonyl)phenyl]methyl ester, 6-Oxo-heptanoic acid methyl ester, Benzamide, N-[4-(3-furan-2-ylacryloyl)phenyl]-4-methyl-ester, O-alpha-dextro-glucopyranosyl-(1-3)-beta-dextro-fructofuranosyl-alpha-dextro-glucopyranoside, 1-methyl-5-(propan-2-yl)-3,6,7-trioxatricyclo[3.2.2.02,4]nonane, 2,3-diacetyloxypropyl (9E,12E,15E)-octadeca-9,12,15-trienoate, 2,3-bis(acetyloxy)propyl ester, Methyl 8-oxohexadecanoate, ethyl (3α,5β,7α,12α)-3,7,12-trihydroxycholan-24-oate, Furan-2-carbohydrazide, N2-(3-indolylmethylene), 1,2-Propanediol, 3-(octadecyloxy)-,diacetate, N,N-Dimethyltetradecylamine, 1-O-butyl 2-O-tetradecyl benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate, 2,7-Diphenyl-1,6-dioxopyridazino[4,5:2’,3’]pyridazin, 1-Heptadecanecarboxylic acid, Dasycarpidan -1-methanol, acetate ( ester). It contain chemical constitutions which may be useful for various herbal formulation as Antioxidant, Anticancer, Antigenotoxic activity, Antimicrobial Activity, anti –inflammatory, Anthelmintic, Nematicide, Antihistaminic, Antieczemic, Insectifuge, Treat asthma, Stomach ach, Arthritis, dysentery, Malaria, nervous disease, Antitumor, Antidiarrheal, antifungal activity.
The fatty acids Determination in breast milk and in infant formula milk
Authors: Aldhalemi M A , Aldhalemi A A , Al-Mosawi R S 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Breast milk is the first and best food for the baby and the natural source of all the nutrients needed by the infant to grow and move. At present, local and international markets are full of milk products and alternatives milk products. The aim of this study was to find the differences between the infant formula and breast milk in the presence and percentages of fatty acids during the period of lactation. A total of 240 samples of healthy mothers (ages 18-33 years) which had an infants aged 3-11 months were collected voluntarily, the samples were collected daily and five days per week. A representative sample of the week was taken to measure the presence and percentages of fatty acids by GC mass. The results of fatty acids for the mother sample for the period less than six months were shows (Capric, Lauric, Myristic, Palmitic, Palmitoleic, Stearic, Oleic, Linoleic and Margaric acid 1.41, 1.49, 0.86, 2.59, 0.85, 0.64, 9.09, 10.3, 0.85%), while the infant formula was (IF1 = Linoleic 14.75 %, Oleic 5.11%, Stearic11.39%, Palmitic 3.9%, Myristic 1.04%, Lauric 2.71% and Capric 0.52 %, IF2 = Capric 1.44%, Lauric 9.44%, Myristic 3.34%, Palmitic 5.86%, stearic 1.92%, Oleic 12.51% and Linoleic 6.37%, IF3 = Capric 0.7%, Lauric 1.39%, Myristic 0.53%, Palmitic 4.51%, stearic 0.71%, Oleic 3.73% and Linoleic 2.44% ). While it were the results of breast milk from fatty acids in the period after six months were as follows (Capric 0.84%, Lauric 3.14%, Myristic 2.94%, Palmitic 5.33%, Palmitoleic 0.2%, Stearic 1.8%, Oleic 6.23%, Linoleic 7.06%, Margaric acid 1.16%), the results of the infant formula varied for the same period(IF4 = capric 0.84%, Lauric 3.52%, Myristic 0.94%, Palmitic 5.12%, Palmitoleic 3.64%, Stearic 1.06%, Oleic 5.62% and Linoleic 2.95% IF5 = Capric 0.97 %, Lauric 4.59 %, Myristic 0.74%, Palmitic 3.42 %, Palmitoleic 18.44 %, Undecanoic acid 4.53 %, Oleic 5.13 %, Linoleic 3.02 %, Stearic 1.18 %, Margaric acid 1.64 % and Arachidic acid 0.88 %, IF6 = Lauric 0.5%, Myristic 0.55%, Palmitic 2.83%, Palmitoleic 20.1%, Sebacic 1 %, Arachidic acid 0.98%, Linoleic 1.49 %, Stearic 1.1 % ). The study showed that the earliest infant formula was (IF5) in terms of the fatty acids presence for the second period compared to breast milk, but in terms of ratios did not find a match between breast milk for the periods before and after six months, as well as between breast milk and infant formula.
Response of Gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii) cv. ‘Great Smoky Mountains’ to Foliar Application of Putrescine, Spermidine and Salicylic Acid
Authors: Saeed A A J Mohammad , Abdulhadi M D , Salih S M 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The experiment was carried out in the lath house at the Station Research of Horticulture and Landscape Department/College of Agriculture/University of Diyala, Iraq for the fall season 2016-2017. The experiment included two factors, first one foliar application with polyamines (PAs), putrescine and spermidine, at concentrations of 0 (distilled water as control), 50 and 100 mg.l−1 of putrescine, and 50, 100 mg.l−1 of spermidine. The second factor was foliar spray with salicylic acid (SA) at concentrations of 0, 100 and 200 mg.l−1. Foliar application of PAs (putrescine and spermidine) led to enhance all vegetative growth and flowering qualities of gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii) cv. ‘Great Smoky Mountains’. Treatment with 100 mg.l−1 of spermidine gave the best results in terms of number of leaves, leaves area, relative chlorophyll content of leaves, flowering date, length and diameter of flower stalk, percentage of dry material in flowers. While, treatment with 100 mg.l−1 of putrescine gave the best results in terms of percentage of leaves dry material, number of flowers, and flower diameter. Foliar spray with SA affected positively in most vegetative and flowering qualities of gerbera, the best results were achieved when sprayed with 200 mg.l−1 in terms of percentage of leaves dry material, number of flowers, flower diameter, flower stalk length, percentage of flowers dry material. While, spraying with 100 mg.l−1 gave the best results in terms of number of leaves, leaves area, relative chlorophyll content of leaves, flowering date and diameter of flower stalk. Interaction between PAs (putrescine and spermidine) and SA showed significant improvement in all vegetative and flowering characters of gerbera. Treatment of 100 mg.l−1 of spermidine combined with 100 mg.l−1 of salicylic acid gave the best results in terms of number of leaves, leaf area, relative chlorophyll content in leaves, flowering date, flower diameter, length and diameter of flower stalk, percentage of flowers dry material. Treatment of 100 mg.l−1 of putrescine combined with 200 mg.l−1 of salicylic acid was surpassed in giving best total content of carbohydrate in leaves and number of flowers.
Propagation of white mulberry Morus alba L. fruitless cultivar using different cutting times and IBA.
Authors: Aref Hawramee O K , Aziz R R , Hassan D A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The white mulberry Morus alba L. is an interesting tree that widely planted throughout the world for various uses. The effort was made in this study to propagate the fruitless cultivar of Morus alba L. by hardwood cuttings; comparing different cuttings collection time with using various concentrations of IBA (Indole-3-Butyric Acid) solution. Results showed that taking and planting cuttings on March 1st, gave the best survival percentage of rooted seedlings, which was (20.83%) compared to February 8th (16.33%) and March 22nd (12.5%).Cuttings treated with different concentrations of IBA significantly increased success percentage; 58.33, 66.67, 50.00 and 20.83% for 2000, 1500, 1000 and 0ppm respectively. Furthermore, the combination effect of previous factors had positive effects on studied characters; the heighest values of success rate of rooting (66.67%) from cuttings taken on March 1st and immersed in 1500ppm of IBA solution (T7), while success rate of rooting (58.33%) and all other qualitative parameters of shoots height (70cm), vegetation fresh weight (74.9g), vegetation dry weight (24.06g), root length (41.17cm) roots fresh weight (5.26g), roots dry weights (1.5g), number of leaves per plant (32.33), and leaf area (84.32cm2) were obtained from cuttings taken on the same time but treated with 2000ppm. The results recommend taking cuttings on March 1st, and using 2000ppm of IBA directly before planting to enhance cuttings survival percentage and seedlings quality.
Impact of bio fertilizer and magnetic irrigation water on growth and yield of melon Cucumis melo L.
Authors: Ali A F , Alsaady M H , Salim H A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The field experiment was conducted at Baqubah nursery, Directorate of Diyala agriculture in Iraq during summer growing of 2017 to study the effect of bio and chemical fertilizers with magnetized water as well as their interactions on growth and yield of melon cv. Piel de sapo. The experiment was laid-out in Randomized Complete Block Design with factorial experiment with three replications and two factors, included two treatments of fertilizer types (urea 50 kg N. ha−1) with Bio-fertilizer (Azospirillum brasilense and Azotobacter chroococcum) and chemical fertilizer (urea 100 kg N. ha−1) and the second factor included magnetized water and non-magnetized water. The results showed that bio & chemical fertilizer caused significant increases in all studied traits rates compared to chemical fertilizer. Also magnetized water revealed that significant superiority of all study traits rates compared to non-magnetized water. Whereas the interaction between bio and chemical fertilizers with magnetized water led to significant superiority in other treatments with the highest values of all study traits, viz. fruits yield (7.2 kg. plant−1), fruits weight (3.4 kg. replicat−1), total yield (28520.0 kg. ha−1), fruit length (27.6 cm), content of fructose sugar in fruits after 24 days of storage (13.1%), fruit diameter from outside and inside (16.8 and 5.1cm) respectively, content of fibers in fruits after 24 days of storage (6.4%), fruits content of TSS% after 3 days of storage (13.7%) and fruits firmness after 24 days of storage (2.8%).
Effect of Phenylalanine and Naphthalene Acetic Acid on Growth, Yield and Antioxidant Activity of Fenugreek Trigonella foenum-graecum
Authors: Al-Duraid M H , Al-Taey K A , Al-Kikhani Ali H J 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
A filed experiment was carried out during autumn at 2017 to assess the effect of phenylalanine (Phe) foliar application at a rate of 0, 100 and 200 mg.L-1, and naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) at 0, 50 and 100 mg.L-1, as well as their interactions on growth parameters, yield components and antioxidant activity as a total phenolics content (TPC), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and radical scavenging activity (DPPH) of leaves and seeds of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.). Results showed that all parameters increased significantly with increasing Phe, NAA at 50 mg.L-1 had significant effect on all parameters, while NAA at 100 mg.L-1 increased only plant height and antioxidant activity parameters, the interaction Phe200 ×NAA100 gave high values on antioxidant parameters TPC, TAC, FRAP and DPPH reached 166.39, 46.34, 1.298 mg.100g-1 DW and 78.69% respectively for leaves and 64.57, 58.96, 0.504 mg.100g-1 DW and 83.26% respectively for seeds.
Effect of spraying with Tecamin Algae and NPK fertilizer on the growth of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) seedlings cv. California wonderful
Authors: Al-Abbasi G B , Abdullah K M , Hussein Z A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This study was carried out in the lath house of the Department of Horticulture and Landscape at the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kufa for the period from 1st March to 1st December, 2015. The experiment was conducted on six months old pomegranate seedlings (Wonderful cultivar) in order to study the effect of spraying with Tecamin Algae with four concentrations (1, 2, 3 and 4) ml.l−1 and NPK fertilizer at 100, 200, 300 and 400 kg.ha−1. The treatments were examined separately and overlapping. The results showed that spraying the seedlings with the treatments and their interactions caused a significant increase in seedling length and its diameter, number of leaves, leaf area, fresh and dry weight of vegetative shoot, and total chlorophyll of leaves. The treatment of interference between the marine algae extract (4 ml.l−1) and NPK fertilizer (400 kg.ha−1) was superior by obtaining the highest values of all traits compared with control treatment. It can be concluded from this study that a balanced fertilization management that combines the use of chemical, organic or bio-fertilizers must be developed and evaluated with different plants and under different cultivation system.
Oh Hi There History: An Adaptation of Historical Research and an Exploration of Fidelity Discourse through Practice
Authors: Nicholson Lydia 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAdaptation studies theorists have debated the value and scope of fidelity criticism for decades, but the application of fidelity discourse from an adaptation practitioner perspective is vastly under-researched. Using a practice-based research strategy, this article describes how a consideration of fidelity discourse during the development of the web-series, Oh Hi There History, supported the development of the series as an adapted text and raised new questions about adaptation theory and practice. Oh Hi There History is an adaptation of the Founders and Survivors project’s research into Tasmanian convict history. This article considers the binary of in/fidelity in a practitioner context, analyses how fidelity taxonomies might be applied to the development of an adapted text, and explores the possibilities of applying through practice theoretical approaches to fidelity discourse around intertextuality and history-as-adaptation. By applying these theories in a new context, this article argues that practice-based research can provide new insight into fidelity discourse and new ways of understanding the role of fidelity in adaptation practice.
Factors Associated With Treatment and Control of Hypertension in a Healthy Elderly Population Free of Cardiovascular Disease: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Chowdhury Enayet K , Nelson Mark R , Ernst Michael E , Margolis Karen L , Beilin Lawrence J , Johnston Colin I , Woods Robyn L , Murray Anne M , Wolfe Rory , Storey Elsdon , Shah Raj C , Lockery Jessica E , Tonkin Andrew M , Newman Anne B , Williamson Jeff D , Abhayaratna Walter P , Stocks Nigel P , Fitzgerald Sharyn M , Orchard Suzanne G , Trevaks Ruth E , Donnan Geoffrey A , Grimm Richard , McNeil John J , Reid Christopher M ,   ASPREE Investigator Group
Published: December 2019

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Despite readily available treatments, control of blood pressure (BP) with population aging remains suboptimal. Further, there are gaps in the understanding of the management of high BP in the aged. We explored antihypertensive treatment and control among elderly hypertensive participants free from overt cardiovascular disease (CVD), and identified factors related to both “untreated” and “treated but uncontrolled” high BP.

METHODS
We analyzed baseline data from 19,114 individuals aged ≥65 years enrolled from Australia and United States (US) in the ASPirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly study. Hypertension was defined as an average systolic/diastolic BP ≥140/90 mm Hg and/or the use of any BP lowering medication. “Controlled hypertension” was defined if participants were receiving antihypertensive medication and BP &lt;140 and 90 mm Hg. Descriptive analyses were used to summarize hypertension control rates; logistic regression was used to investigate relationships with treatment and BP control.

RESULTS
Overall, 74% (14,213/19,114) of participants were hypertensive; and of these 29% (4,151/14,213) were untreated. Among those treated participants, 53% (5,330/10,062) had BP ≥140/90 mm Hg. Participants who were untreated were more likely to be men, have higher educational status, and be in good physical health, and less likely to have significant comorbidities. The factors related to “treated but uncontrolled” BP included older age, male, Black race (vs. White), using antihypertensive monotherapy (vs. multiple) and residing in Australia (vs. US).

CONCLUSIONS
High levels of “untreated” and “treated but uncontrolled” BP occur in healthy elderly people without CVD, suggesting there are opportunities for better BP control in the primary prevention of CVD in this population.

CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION
NCT01038583.
pyDockEneRes: per-residue decomposition of protein–protein docking energy
Authors: Romero-Durana Miguel , Jiménez-García Brian , Fernández-Recio Juan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Motivation
Protein–protein interactions are key to understand biological processes at the molecular level. As a complement to experimental characterization of protein interactions, computational docking methods have become useful tools for the structural and energetics modeling of protein–protein complexes. A key aspect of such algorithms is the use of scoring functions to evaluate the generated docking poses and try to identify the best models. When the scoring functions are based on energetic considerations, they can help not only to provide a reliable structural model for the complex, but also to describe energetic aspects of the interaction. This is the case of the scoring function used in pyDock, a combination of electrostatics, desolvation and van der Waals energy terms. Its correlation with experimental binding affinity values of protein–protein complexes was explored in the past, but the per-residue decomposition of the docking energy was never systematically analyzed.

Results
Here, we present pyDockEneRes (pyDock Energy per-Residue), a web server that provides pyDock docking energy partitioned at the residue level, giving a much more detailed description of the docking energy landscape. Additionally, pyDockEneRes computes the contribution to the docking energy of the side-chain atoms. This fast approach can be applied to characterize a complex structure in order to identify energetically relevant residues (hot-spots) and estimate binding affinity changes upon mutation to alanine.

Availability and implementation
The server does not require registration by the user and is freely accessible for academics at https://life.bsc.es/pid/pydockeneres.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Extracolonic Cancer Risk After Total Colectomy for Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Population-based Cohort Study
Authors: Mark-Christensen Anders , Erichsen Rune , Veres Katalin , Laurberg Søren , Sørensen Henrik Toft 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Background
Patients with inflammatory bowel disease are at increased risk of extracolonic cancers. Little is known regarding this risk following total colectomy [TC].

Methods
Patients who underwent TC for inflammatory bowel disease in Denmark during 1977–2013 were identified from the Danish National Patient Registry. Incidence rates of extracolonic cancers were determined through record linkage to the Danish Cancer Registry and compared with expected incidence rates in the general population. Standardized incidence ratios [SIRs] were calculated as the observed vs expected cancer incidence.

Results
In total, 4430 patients (3441 with ulcerative colitis [UC]; 989 with Crohn’s disease [CD]) were followed for 54,183 person-years after TC. Following their surgery, 372 patients were diagnosed with extracolonic cancer compared to 331 expected [SIR = 1.1 (95% confidence interval {CI}: 1.0–1.2)]. The risk of extracolonic cancer overall was increased among patients with CD and TC (SIR = 1.5 [95% CI: 1.2–1.8]), but not among patients with UC and TC (SIR = 1.0 [95% CI: 0.9–1.2]). Patients with UC and TC had a higher risk of intestinal extracolonic cancer (SIR = 2.0 [95% CI: 1.4–2.7]). Patients with CD and TC had a higher risk of smoking-related cancers (SIR = 1.9 [95% CI: 1.2–2.9]), intestinal extracolonic cancer (SIR = 3.1 [95% CI: 1.6–5.5]) and immune-mediated cancers (SIR = 1.5 [95% CI: 1.0–2.1]).

Conclusion
Patients with CD and TC had a higher risk of extracolonic cancer overall compared to the general population, while patients with UC and TC did not. Site-specific cancer risk varied according to inflammatory bowel disease type.
How Should We Think about the Winners and Losers from Globalization? A Reply to Nicolas Lamp
Authors: Hoekman Bernard , Nelson Douglas 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
How should we think about the winners and losers from globalization? What role can narrative analysis play in doing so? We argue that to be useful, identifying politically relevant narratives on the distributional effects of globalization, and the role played by trade agreements in fostering such effects, must have an empirical basis. Characterizing different narratives and inferring from each the implications for the (re-)design of international agreements without analysis whether the suggested policy reforms will help losers from globalization does not advance matters. Effectively employed, narrative analysis can extend our knowledge of the politics of trade and policy towards globalization more generally. To do so, it must have an analytical foundation, centre on the relationship of the narrative to the facts, ask which narrative is more persuasive based on empirical evidence and assess whether inferred policy implications will address the core issues of concern to those who employ the narrative.