bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transformative research and the sustainable development goals: challenges and a vision from Bandung, West Java
Authors: Widianingsih Ida , Mertens Donna M 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The transformative research lens incorporates ideas such as consciously addressing power differences with strategies that allow for the inclusion of the voices of the full range of stakeholders, including those who are most marginalized. The goal of transformative research is to support the development of culturally responsive interventions that foster increased respect for human rights and achievement of social, economic, and environmental justice. In this article, we use a case study from Universitas Padjadjaran in Indonesia to illustrate the application of a transformative approach to research in a complex setting in which the rights of those living in poverty are not respected and economic development occurs at the expense of environmental degradation. We discuss a transformative framing for research associated with the development of interventions designed to support West Java, Indonesia in moving forward toward achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the goals established by the United Nations to address inequities. The road to transformation is not simple or smooth, but the combination of a transformative approach to research with the development of transformative interventions provides a hopeful pathway.
Einfluss einer zusätzlichen Glasscheibe auf ein optisches 3D-Messsystem
Authors: Bremer Mats , Wahl Michael , Kedziora Slawomir 
Published: December 2019

Zusammenfassung
Die Zahl der Satelliten, die in den Weltraum starten, wächst von Jahr zu Jahr. Damit erhöht sich entsprechend die Anzahl der defekten Satelliten, auch weil es nur wenige bewährte Ersatzteile gibt. Eine konkrete Erprobung der Ersatzteile könnte auf der Erde mit Hilfe einer Weltraumsimulationskammer durchgeführt werden. In einer solchen Kammer können Werkstoffprüfer ein Ultrahochvakuum erzeugen und Temperaturen zwischen −180 °C bis +200 °C einstellen. Der Einfluss des Vakuums und der Temperaturen auf die Geometrie der Komponenten kann von außen mit Hilfe eines optischen 3D-Messsystems, welches die zu prüfenden Bauteile im Inneren der Kammer durch ein Schauglas vermisst, aufzeichnen. In einer Machbarkeitsstudie wurde ermittelt, wie stark der Einfluss einer zusätzlichen Glasscheibe auf die Messgenauigkeit und den Messfehler eines 3D-Scanners ist. Zum Einsatz kam ein Streifenlichtscanner der Firma Zeiss, der ein 40 mm Endmaß durch eine 20 mm dicke Borosilikatscheibe misst. Für eine Referenzskala der Messgenauigkeit des Scanners wurden zunächst Messungen ohne die Glasscheibe durchgeführt. Anschließend wurden Messungen mit unterschiedlichen Winkelpositionen und Abständen zwischen Glasscheibe und Scanner vollzogen. Die Ergebnisse zeigten den erwarteten Einfluss der Glasscheibe bezüglich der Genauigkeit des Messverfahrens, da mit sich vergrößernden Einfallswinkel die systematische Abweichungskomponente kongruent größer wurde. Eine Minderung der Präzision durch die Glasscheibe wurde für das Messverfahren nicht beobachtet. In der Auswertungssoftware vergrößerte sich durch den Einsatz der Glasscheibe der statistische Fehler. Ursache dafür ist die Verschiebung der 3D-Punktewolke durch die Glasscheibe in eine Schräglage.
Utilization of 1-butylpyrrolidinium Chloride Ionic Liquid as an Eco-friendly Corrosion Inhibitor and Biocide for Oilfield Equipment: Combined Weight Loss, Electrochemical and SEM Studies
Authors: Abbas Mohamed A. , Zakaria Khaled , El-Shamy Ashraf M. , Abedin Sherif Zein El 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
With the help of the weight loss, and electrochemical techniques the suppressing action of the commercially available ionic liquid, 1-butylpyrrolidinium chloride [BPm1,1] Cl for carbon steel corrosion in 3.5% NaCl medium was scrutinized. It found that this compound acts as an excellent inhibitor with protection performance raised by an increase of its concentration and temperature. The adsorption behavior of the investigated ionic liquid was a mixed-type inhibitor subordinating Langmuir adsorption isotherm. To expounding adsorption and corrosion inhibition mechanisms, various thermodynamics and activation parameters such as adsorption constant (Kads), Gibb’s standard free energy (

Δ

G
∗

$\Delta{{\text{G}}^{\ast}}$

), activation energy (Ea), activation enthalpy (

Δ

H
∗

$\Delta{{\text{H}}^{\ast}}$

), and activation entropy (

Δ

S
∗

$\Delta{{\text{S}}^{\ast}}$

) were determined and debated. It has appeared that there is a strong interaction between the inhibitor molecules and the carbon steel surface in a predominantly chemisorptions manner. The presence of a protective inhibitor film on the metal surface was confirmed using a corroborative SEM tool. Moreover, the IL has screened for antibacterial activity against planktonic and sessile microorganisms. The obtained results emphasized that the utilized ionic liquid can be regarded as an efficacious biocide for both bacterial strains with a dissimilar efficiency.
Counterpoint as a contentive and stylistic device in the intermedial genre (about Viktor Shenderovich’s A Flute Solo)
Authors: Lassan Eleonora 
Published: December 2019

In 2015, Vremya Publishing House issued A Flute Solo, a book by V. Shenderovich, a multigenre and, according to the author of the article, intermedial work, since the peculiarities of the content of a political satire and a tragedy, a farce and a fantasy on the one hand and some features of musical pieces, a fugue in particular, on the other hand, have merged there. The author provides a detailed characterization of the plot, constructed as a grotesque depiction of the reality, the composition as relating a verbal text to a piece of music, and the symbolic value of certain elements, allowing not to agree to the definition of the book as being “desperately hopeless”.
Secularism is Not a World Religion
Authors: Eaghll Tenzan 
Published: December 2019

Response to:

Podcast with Donovan Schaefer, 28 November 2016Interviewed by Christopher R. CotterTranscribed by Catrin J. SawfordAudio and transcript available at: https://religiousstudiesproject.com/podcast/is-secularism-a-world-religion/
How Our Paradigms Limit Our Measures
Authors: Frost Jacqui 
Published: December 2019

Response to:

Podcast with Donovan Schaefer, 28 November 2016Interviewed by Christopher R. CotterTranscribed by Catrin J. SawfordAudio and transcript available at: https://religiousstudiesproject.com/podcast/is-secularism-a-world-religion/
Estimation of High-Frequency Spectral Decay (κ) for the Gyeongju Area in South Korea
Authors: Park Seon Jeong , Lee Jung Mo , Baag Chang-Eob 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTThe high-frequency spectral decay parameter kappa (κ) is estimated for the Gyeongju area using records of the temporary seismic array in the Gyeongju area (TSAG), which operated from 2010 to 2013. Gyeongju is a city located in the southeastern part of the Korean Peninsula. Moderate earthquakes frequently occurred around the Gyeongju area in the past; the area has experienced numerous earthquakes for more than a year since an earthquake of ML 5.8 occurred in Gyeongju on 12 September 2016. It is also an important place from an engineering point of view because nuclear facilities are located in the area. The high-frequency spectral decay model of Anderson and Hough (1984) and the standardized procedure for the κ-estimation suggested by Ktenidou et al. (2013) are applied to estimate κ for the Gyeongju area. The estimation gives rise to the equation, κ=0.0219(±0.00151)+7.56×10−5(±1.45×10−5)R indicating that the site-specific κ0-value and the slope κR are 0.0219 s and 7.56×10−5 s/km, respectively, for the Gyeongju area. The κ-estimation for individual stations of TSAG was done to obtain the site-specific κ0-values of stations. Despite the close distance between TSAG stations, the site-specific κ0-values of each station vary. Other than TSAG, κ is also estimated for the permanent borehole station HDB, which has been operated by the Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources and is located in the Gyeongju area. The estimated κ0-value of 0.0178 s for HDB is smaller than that of TSAG by 0.0219 s. This is because HDB is a borehole station, but all stations of TSAG are installed at surface. The variation of the κ0-values among the individual TSAG stations and the difference between κ0 for TSAG and that for HDB indicate that spectral decay characteristic at high frequency is affected by surficial sediment layers.
IMPACTOS AMBIENTAIS DO MANEJO FLORESTAL COMUNITÁRIO NA FLORESTA NACIONAL DO TAPAJÓS
Authors: Carvalho Adenomar Neves de , Schultz de Carvalho Telma Lélia Gonçalves , Gama João Ricardo Vasconcelos 
Published: December 2019

Este trabalho teve o objetivo de avaliar os impactos ambientais decorrentes do manejo florestal comunitário na Floresta Nacional do Tapajós executado pela Cooperativa Mista da FLONA do Tapajós (COOMFLONA) analisando aspectos intrínsecos ao meio físico, biológico e socioeconômico, especialmente os efeitos locais diretos e indiretos. Foi realizada a identificação e a caracterização dos impactos com dados qualitativos baseados na magnitude e importância dos mesmos sobre o meio e disposto numa matriz de Leopoldo. Na avaliação verificaram-se as ações que geraram alterações nos hábitos da população tradicional, compactação do solo, redução de habitats, aumento da atividade de caça, danos às árvores remanescentes, abertura de ramais, clareiras e pátios de estocagem, as quais geraram o afugentamento e extinção local da fauna temporariamente, aumento dos processos erosivos e diminuição da base genética vegetal. Embora o manejo florestal adotado pelos comunitários impacte menos que a exploração convencional, este ainda afeta a floresta, porém, não rompe a sua resiliência e, de certo modo, promove a conservação ambiental. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Sistema de produção, Conservação, Amazônia.
SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHIC AND PALEOECOLOGIC ANALYSIS OF AN ALBIAN CORAL-RUDIST PATCH REEF, ARIZONA, USA
Authors: HATTORI KELLY E. , KERANS CHARLES , MARTINDALE ROWAN C. 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTFossilized reefs can preserve critical information about changes in marine environments over a relatively short period of time. The interpretation of these changes is often hindered by the complexity of reef growth with respect to architecture, biotic zonation, and time. High-resolution mapping and data collection incorporating both sequence stratigraphical and paleoecological principles are needed to document the architectural complexity of reef development. To demonstrate this, we present a case study in which both principles are integrated to build a new stratigraphic framework for an Albian-aged rudist-coral patch reef outcrop (Paul Spur, Bisbee, AZ, USA). The dataset reveals that the outcrop preserves five stages of development: (1) initial shoal deposition; (2) pioneer reef growth; (3) reef diversification; (4) reef hiatus; and (5) rudist shoal development. These stages represent periods of deposition and reef growth within high-frequency transgressive-regressive sequences. Interpretations of sedimentological and paleoecological data are then used to demonstrate the variable influence of different environmental controls on reef growth. Prevailing wind and current direction act as higher order controls on overall reef architecture by influencing windward-leeward asymmetry. Fluctuations in relative water depth as well as sedimentation rate, source, and type is an important influence on reef community and growth habit. Though corals and rudists cohabited during much of the reef's history, corals dominated when water depth was greater and external sediment influx lesser, whereas rudists dominated in shallow water depths and during periods of high external sediment influx. This work demonstrates that detailed evaluation of stratigraphy and paleoecology, as well as careful consideration of timelines and heterogeneity, is essential for building an accurate stratigraphic framework that allows a more thorough understanding of processes driving reef growth.
Do virtual renal clinics improve access to kidney care? an impact evaluation of a virtual clinic in east London
Authors: Hull Sally Ann , Rajabzadeh Vian , Thomas Nicola , Hoong Sec , Dreyer Gavin , Rainey Helen , Ashman Neil 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence from the UK national chronic kidney disease (CKD) audit, identifies deficits in the identification and management of CKD within primary care. Aligning the requirement of GPs for a responsive nephrology service, with the capacity of renal services and the need to prioritise patients with progressive disease requires a re-think of traditional models of care. Utilising the health data in the primary care electronic health record (EHR) to bridge the primary secondary divide is one way forward. METHODS We describe a novel community kidney service based in the renal department at Barts Health NHS Trust and four clinical commissioning groups (CCGs) in east London. An impact evaluation of the changes in service delivery used quantitative data from the virtual CKD clinic and from the primary care electronic health records (EHR) of 166 participating practices. Survey and interview data from health professionals were used to explore changes to working practices. RESULTS Analysis of the virtual clinic data shows a rapid rise in referrals. The majority (>80%) do not require a traditional face to face appointment but can be managed with advice to the referring clinician. The wait for a nephrology opinion fell from 64 to 5 days. The age adjusted referral rate was 2.5 per 1000 registered patients. Primary care clinicians expressed positive views including the rapid response to clinical queries, increased confidence in CKD management, improved access for patients unable to travel to clinic, and reported patient satisfaction. Nephrologists valued seeing the entire clinical record which improved clinical advice, but had concerns about the volume of referrals and changes to working practices. CONCLUSIONS It is feasible to develop ‘virtual’ specialist services using shared access to the primary care EHR. Such services expand capacity to deliver timely advice based on a review of the entire EHR. To use both specialist and generalist expertise efficiently such services are best supported by community interventions which engage primary care clinicians in a data driven programme of service improvement.
Expansion of sweet taste receptor genes in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) coincided with vegetarian adaptation
Authors: Yuan Xiao-Chen , Liang Xu-Fang , Cai Wen-Jing , He Shan , Guo Wen-Jie , Mai Kang-Sen 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Taste is fundamental to diet selection in vertebrates. Genetic basis of sweet taste receptor in the shaping of food habits has been extensively studied in mammals and birds, but scarcely studied in fishes. Grass carp is an excellent model for studying vegetarian adaptation, as it exhibits food habit transition from carnivory to herbivory. Results: We identified six sweet taste receptors (gcT1R2A-F) in grass carp. The four gcT1R2s (gcT1R2C-F) have been suggested to be evolved from and paralogous to the two original gcT1R2s (gcT1R2A and gcT1R2B). All gcT1R2s were expressed in taste organs and mediated glucose-, fructose- or arginine-induced intracellular calcium signaling, revealing they were functional. In addition, grass carp was performed to prefer fructose to glucose under a behavioral experiment. Parallelly, compared with gcT1R2A-F/gcT1R3 co-transfected cells, gcT1R2C-F/gcT1R3 co-transfected cells showed a higher response to plant-specific fructose. Moreover, food habit transition from carnivory to herbivory in grass carp was accompanied by increased gene expression of certain gcT1R2s. Conclusions: We suggested that the gene expansion of T1R2s in grass carp was an adaptive strategy to accommodate the change in food environment. Moreover, the selected gene expression of gcT1R2s might drive the food habit transition from carnivory to herbivory in grass carp. This study provided some evolutional and physiological clues for the formation of herbivory in grass carp.
Gross Motor Developmental Dysfunctional Outcomes in Infantile and Toddler Pediatric Intensive Care Unit Survivors
Authors: Yang Chun-Feng , Xue Yang , Feng Jun-Yan , Jia Fei-Yong , Zhang Yu , Li Yu-Mei 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Increasing studies have focused on motor function/dysfunction in PICU survivors; however, most studies have focused on adults and older children. This study investigated gross motor developmental function outcomes in infantile and toddler pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) survivors and the factors associated with gross motor developmental functions. Methods: This observational study was conducted in the PICU of the First Hospital of Jilin University between January 2019 and March 2019. Thirty-five eligible patients were divided into the dysfunctional (n=24) or non-dysfunctional (n=11) group according to the results of the Peabody Developmental Motor Scales, Second Edition (PDMS-2). Baseline gross motor function for all participants before PICU admission was measured via the Age and Stages Questionnaires, Third Edition (ASQ-3). The PDMS-2 was used to evaluate gross motor development function before PICU discharge. Results: The gross motor developmental dysfunction incidence was 68.6%. Linear correlation analysis showed that the gross motor quotient (GMQ) was positively correlated with the pediatric critical illness score (PCIS, r=0.621, P<0.001), and negatively correlated with length of PICU stay (r=-0.556, P=0.001), days sedated (r=-0.602, P<0.001), days on invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV; r=-0.686, P<0.001), and days on continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT; r=-0.538, P=0.001). Linear regression analysis showed that IMV days (β=-0.736, P=0.001), sepsis (β=-18.111, P=0.003) and PCIS (β=0.550, P=0.021) were independent risk factors for gross motor developmental dysfunction Conclusions: Gross motor developmental dysfunction in infantile and toddler PICU survivors is more common and may be exacerbated by experiences associated with longer IMV days and increasing illness severity combined with sepsis. Trial Registration: The trial ‘Early rehabilitation intervention for critically ill children’ has been registered at http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=23132. Registration number: ChiCTR1800020196. Keywords: Gross Motor Developmental Function; Sepsis; Mechanical Ventilation; Pediatric Intensive Care Unit; Infant; Toddler
Epidemic Ribotypes Of Clostridium (Now Clostridioides) Difficile Are Likely To Be More Virulent Than Non-Epidemic Ribotypes In Animal Models
Authors: Vitucci John C. , Pulse Mark , Tabor-Simecka Leslie , Simecka Jerry W. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Clostridioides difficile infections have become more frequently diagnosed and associated with greater disease severity, which has resulted in an increase burden on the healthcare system. These increases are attributed to the increased prevalence of hypervirulent strains encompassing select ribotypes. These epidemic ribotypes were characterized as hypervirulent due to higher in vitro spore and toxin production, as well as increased incidence, severity and mortality within patients. However, it is unclear whether epidemic ribotypes are truly more virulent than non-epidemic ribotypes in vivo. Furthermore, there is conflicting evidence about the ability of a strain’s in vitro phenotype to be predictive of their in vivo virulence. The goals of the current studies were to determine if epidemic ribotypes are more virulent than other ribotypes in animal models, and whether the in vitro virulence phenotype of an isolate or ribotype predict in vivo virulence. Results. To determine if epidemic strains were truly more virulent than other non-epidemic strains, the in vivo virulence of thirteen C. difficile isolates (7 non-epidemic and 6 epidemic ribotype isolates) were determined in murine (C57BL/6 mice) and hamster (golden Syrian hamster) models of C. difficile infections. The isolates of epidemic ribotype of C. difficile were found to be more virulent in both the murine and hamster models than non-epidemic isolates. In particular, the group of epidemic ribotypes of C. difficile had lower LD 50 values in hamsters. The increased severity of disease was associated with higher levels of Toxin A and Toxin B production found in fecal samples, but not numbers of organisms recovered. The isolates were further characterized for their in vitro virulence phenotypes, e.g. toxin production, growth rates, spore formation and adherence of spores to intestinal epithelial cell lines. Although there were higher levels of toxins produced and greater adherence for the group of epidemic ribotypes, the in vitro profiles of individual isolates were not always predictive of their in vivo virulence. Conclusions. Overall, the group of epidemic ribotypes of C. difficile were more virulent in vivo despite individual isolates having similar phenotypes to the non-epidemic isolates in vitro .
Association of macular thickness with parapapillary atrophy in myopic eyes
Authors: Piao Helong , Guo Yue , Ha Jun Young , Sung Mi Sun , Park Sang Woo 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
BackgroundTo investigate whether macular structure could be affected by axial elongation and to determine the association between macular intraretinal thickness and the microstructure of β-zone parapapillary atrophy (PPA) in myopic eyes.MethodsThe study recruited 113 healthy myopic subjects (113 eyes). Images of the macula, subfoveal choroid, and optic nerve head were acquired using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). An automatic segmentation algorithm was used to segment the macular images into 7 intraretinal layers. PPA widths with and without Bruch’s membrane (PPA+BM and PPA-BM, respectively) were evaluated. Linear regression analysis was performed to evaluate the association between macular intraretinal thickness and axial length and the microstructure of PPA.ResultsAn increase in axial length was associated with a decrease in whole macular thickness of the peripheral region and an increase in whole macular thickness of the central region. Thickness alterations of the macular intraretinal layers were most apparent in the peripheral region. A significant correlation was found between PPA-BM width and macular intraretinal layer thickness, whereas no significant correlation was found between PPA+BM width and macular intraretinal layer thickness. Similar to axial length, as PPA-BM width increased, changes in macular intraretinal layer thickness were most pronounced in the peripheral region. Moreover, both PPA+BM and PPA-BM widths significantly correlated with subfoveal choroidal thickness.ConclusionsMacular intraretinal layer thickness may be affected by PPA-BM width. These findings indicate that the microstructure of PPA should be considered when evaluating the macula in patient with myopia and glaucoma.