bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic nomogram for elderly patients with acute respiratory failure receiving invasive mechanical ventilation: a nationwide population-based cohort study in Taiwan
Authors: Hsu Chun-Hsiang , Hung Yao‐Min , Chu Kuo-An , Chen Chiu-Fan , Yin Chun-Hao , Lee Ching-Chih 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPatients in critical care medicine are ageing. There is limited literature evaluating long-term outcomes and prognostic factors for the growing number of elderly patients with acute respiratory failure (ARF) receiving invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). Data on elderly patients (≧ 65 years old) with ARF receiving intubation and IMV during 2003–2012 were retrospectively collected from the national health database in Taiwan. We included 7,095 elderly patients. The 28-day mortality was 33%, the 60-day mortality was 47.5%, and the 1-year mortality was 70.4%. Patients were divided into groups: young-old (65–74 years), middle-old (75–84 years), and oldest-old (≧ 85 years). Patients in the oldest-old and middle-old groups had higher 1-year mortality than the young-old group (p < 0.001). The multivariate logistic regression revealed 9 significant factors associated with 1-year mortality, and these factors were used to develop a prognostic nomogram. The present study showed that the long-term prognosis of elderly patients with ARF and IMV is very poor. This nomogram can help physicians estimate the 1-year mortality of elderly patients in the early stage of ARF and assist in clinical decision making.
Development of introgression lines in high yielding, semi-dwarf genetic backgrounds to enable improvement of modern rice varieties for tolerance to multiple abiotic stresses free from undesirable linkage drag
Authors: Kumar Arvind , Sandhu Nitika , Venkateshwarlu Challa , Priyadarshi Rahul , Yadav Shailesh , Majumder Ratna Rani , Singh Vikas Kumar 
Published: August 2020

AbstractOccurrence of multiple abiotic stresses in a single crop season has become more frequent than before. Most of the traditional donors possessing tolerance to abiotic stresses are tall, low-yielding with poor grain quality. To facilitate efficient use of complex polygenic traits in rice molecular breeding research, we undertook development of introgression lines in background of high-yielding, semi-dwarf varieties with good grain quality. The study reports the development and evaluations of over 25,000 introgression lines in eleven elite rice genetic backgrounds for improvement of yield under multiple abiotic-stresses such as drought, flood, high/low temperature. The developed introgression lines within each genetic background are near isogenic/recombinant inbred lines to their recipient recurrent parent with 50 to 98% background recovery and additionally carry QTLs/genes for abiotic stresses. The multiple-stress tolerant pyramided breeding lines combining high yield under normal situation and good yield under moderate to severe reproductive-stage drought, semi-dwarf plant type with good grain quality traits have been developed. The introgression lines in dwarf backgrounds open new opportunity to improve other varieties without any linkage drag as well as facilitate cloning of QTLs, identification and functional characterization of candidate genes, mechanisms associated with targeted QTLs and the genetic networks underlying complex polygenic traits.
Decomposition profile data analysis of multiple drug effects identifies endoplasmic reticulum stress-inducing ability as an unrecognized factor
Authors: Morita Katsuhisa , Mizuno Tadahaya , Kusuhara Hiroyuki 
Published: August 2020

AbstractChemicals have multiple effects in biological systems. Because their on-target effects dominate the output, their off-target effects are often overlooked and can sometimes cause dangerous adverse events. Recently, we developed a novel decomposition profile data analysis method, orthogonal linear separation analysis (OLSA), to analyse multiple effects. In this study, we tested whether OLSA identified the ability of drugs to induce endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress as a previously unrecognized factor. After analysing the transcriptome profiles of MCF7 cells treated with different chemicals, we focused on a vector characterized by well-known ER stress inducers, such as ciclosporin A. We selected five drugs predicted to be unrecognized ER stress inducers, based on their inducing ability scores derived from OLSA. These drugs actually induced X-box binding protein 1 splicing, an indicator of ER stress, in MCF7 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Two structurally different representatives of the five test compounds exhibited similar results in HepG2 and HuH7 cells, but not in PXB primary hepatocytes derived from human-liver chimeric mice. These results indicate that our decomposition strategy using OLSA uncovered the ER stress-inducing ability of drugs as an unrecognized effect, the manifestation of which depended on the background of the cells.
Comparative effectiveness of pembrolizumab vs. nivolumab in patients with recurrent or advanced NSCLC
Authors: Cui Pengfei , Li Ruixin , Huang Ziwei , Wu Zhaozhen , Tao Haitao , Zhang Sujie , Hu Yi 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe efficacies of pembrolizumab and nivolumab have never been directly compared in a real-world study. Therefore, we sought to retrospectively evaluate the objective response rate (ORR) and the progression-free survival (PFS) of patients with recurrent or advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in a real-world setting. This study included patients with recurrent or advanced NSCLC diagnosed between September 1, 2015 and August 31, 2019, who were treated with programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) inhibitors at the Cancer Center of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army. PFS was estimated for each treatment group using Kaplan–Meier curves and log-rank tests. The multivariate analysis of PFS was performed with Cox proportional hazards regression models. A total of 255 patients with advanced or recurrent NSCLC treated with PD-1 inhibitors were identified. The ORR was significantly higher in the pembrolizumab group than in the nivolumab group, while PFS was not significantly different between the two groups. Subgroup analysis showed that the ORR was significantly higher for pembrolizumab than for nivolumab in patients in the first-line therapy subgroup and in those in the combination therapy as first-line therapy subgroup. Survival analysis of patients receiving combination therapy as second- or further-line therapy showed that nivolumab had better efficacy than pembrolizumab. However, the multivariate analysis revealed no significant difference in PFS between patients treated with pembrolizumab and those treated with nivolumab regardless of the subgroup. In our study, no significant difference in PFS was noted between patients treated with pembrolizumab and those treated with nivolumab in various clinical settings. This supports the current practice of choosing either pembrolizumab or nivolumab based on patient preferences.
Comparable antibacterial effects and action mechanisms of silver and iron oxide nanoparticles on Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium
Authors: Gabrielyan Lilit , Badalyan Hamlet , Gevorgyan Vladimir , Trchounian Armen 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe current research reports the antibacterial effects of silver (Ag) and citric acid coated iron oxide (Fe3O4) NPs on Escherichia coli wild type and kanamycin-resistant strains, as well as on Salmonella typhimurium MDC1759. NPs demonstrated significant antibacterial activity against these bacteria, but antibacterial effect of Ag NPs is more pronounced at low concentrations. Ag NPs inhibited 60–90% of S. typhimurium and drug-resistant E. coli. The latter is more sensitive to Fe3O4 NPs than wild type strain: the number of bacterial colonies is decreased ~ 4-fold. To explain possible mechanisms of NPs action, H+-fluxes through the bacterial membrane and the H+-translocating FOF1-ATPase activity of bacterial membrane vesicles were studied. N,N′-Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCCD)-sensitive ATPase activity was increased up to ~ 1.5-fold in the presence of Fe3O4 NPs. ATPase activity was not detected by Ag NPs even in the presence of DCCD, which confirms the bactericidal effect of these NPs. The H+-fluxes were changed by NPs and by addition of DCCD. H2 yield was inhibited by NPs; the inhibition by Ag NPs is stronger than by Fe3O4 NPs. NPs showed antibacterial effect in bacteria studied in concentration-dependent manner by changing in membrane permeability and membrane-bound enzyme activity. The FOF1-ATPase is suggested might be a target for NPs.
MIR17HG polymorphism (rs7318578) is associated with liver cancer risk in the Chinese Han population
Authors: Chao Xu , Feng Xuesong , Shi Hailong , Wang Yuewen , Wang Lanlan , Shen Haiyu , Zha Qing , Chen Yanni , Jiang Chao 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Numerous evidence has revealed that single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are associated with liver cancer risk. To assess whether the MIR17HG polymorphisms are associated with the liver cancer risk in the Chinese Han population, we performed a case–control (432 liver cancer patients and 430 healthy controls) study. Genotyping of four variants of MIR17HG was performed with the Agena MassARRAY platform. We used χ2 test to compare the distribution of SNPs allele and genotypes frequencies of cases and controls. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by logistic regression analysis to evaluate the association under genetic models. The results indicated that the rs7318578 was significantly associated with increased the risk of liver cancer in the allele (OR = 1.45, 95% CI: 1.18–1.77, P=3.04E-04), recessive (OR = 3.69, 95% CI: 2.45–5.56, P=4.52E-10) and additive model (OR = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.13–1.62, P=0.001). Moreover, we found that individuals with the genotype CC of rs7318578 presented with an increased risk of liver cancer (OR = 3.03, 95% CI: 1.98–4.65, P=3.83E-07); however, the CA genotype of rs7318578 significantly decreased the risk of liver cancer (OR = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.45–0.83, P=0.001, compared with those with the AA genotype. Our findings indicated that MIR17HG polymorphism (rs7318578) contributes to liver cancer susceptibility to the Chinese Han population. Further studies with larger samples are required to confirm the results, as well as functional studies to determine the role of this SNP in miRNA expression or molecular pathways.
Monoklonale Antikörper gegen CGRP oder den CGRP-Rezeptor in der Migräneprophylaxe
Authors: Kukowski Borries 
Published: August 2020

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDie Charakterisierung von calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) als Schlüsselmolekül in der Pathophysiologie der Migräne hat nicht nur unser Verständnis der Erkrankung, sondern auch die Entwicklung neuer Therapien vorangetrieben. Seit kurzem steht mit den monoklonalen Antikörpern gegen CGRP oder den CGRP-Rezeptor eine spezifische und hoch selektive Option für die medikamentöse Prophylaxe der episodischen und chronischen Migräne zur Verfügung, die in zahlreichen klinischen Studien ihre Überlegenheit gegenüber Placebo belegt hat. Hier werden Erfahrungen aus dem praktischen Behandlungsalltag zur kurz- und mittelfristigen Wirksamkeit und Verträglichkeit mitgeteilt und weitere Aspekte wie Therapiewechsel bei Non-Response, Verlauf nach Therapieende und die Frage des Wirkungsortes unter Einbeziehung bereits publizierter Daten angesprochen.
Kopfschmerz im Kindes- und Jugendalter
Authors: Wöber-Bingöl Çiçek 
Published: August 2020

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGWiederkehrende Kopfschmerzen zählen bei Kindern und Jugendlichen zu den häufigsten Beschwerden und manifestieren sich am häufigsten als Migräne und Spannungskopfschmerz. In diesem Artikel werden die Epidemiologie, Differenzialdiagnose, das klinische Bild, Auslöser, Begleiterkrankungen und Therapie mit Schwerpunkt auf Migräne vermittelt und geschlechtsspezifische Unterschiede wie auch altersspezifische Besonderheiten dargestellt.
Effect of KCNH6 on Hepatic Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Glucose
Metabolism
Authors: Lu Jing , Shen Han , Li Qi , Xiong Feng-Ran , Yuan Ming-Xia , Yang Jin-Kui 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAdult patients with a dysfunctional ether-a-go-go 2 (hERG2) protein, which is
encoded by the KCNH6 gene, present with hyperinsulinemia and
hyperglycemia. However, the mechanism of KCNH6 in glucose metabolism
disorders has not been clearly defined. It has been proposed that sustained
endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is closely concerned with hepatic insulin
resistance and inflammation. Here, we demonstrate that Kcnh6 knockout
(KO) mice had impaired glucose tolerance and increased levels of hepatic
apoptosis, in addition to displaying an increased insulin resistance that was
mediated by high ER stress levels. By contrast, overexpression of KCNH6 in
primary hepatocytes led to a decrease in ER stress and apoptosis induced by
thapsigargin. Similarly, induction of Kcnh6 by tail vein injection into
KO mice improved glucose tolerance by reducing ER stress and apoptosis.
Furthermore, we show that KCNH6 alleviated hepatic ER stress, apoptosis, and
inflammation via the NFκB-IκB kinase (IKK) pathway both in vitro
and in vivo. In summary, our study provides new insights into the causes of ER
stress and subsequent induction of primary hepatocytes apoptosis.
Letter to the Editor: Exercise Interventions and Cardiovascular
Health in Childhood Cancer: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: da Costa Ghignatti Paola Victória , Pereira de Lima Ricardo 
Published: August 2020

Dear Editor,International Journal of Sports MedicineThe analysis of the study entitled “Exercise Interventions and Cardiovascular
Health in Childhood Cancer: a Meta-Analysis” 1 was very interesting. The authors of this meta-analysis aimed to
summarize the evidence on the effects of physical training intervention over three
weeks on cardiovascular and cardiorespiratory outcomes in childhood cancer survivors
(CCS). In addition, they addressed endpoints related not only to cardiac structure
and function, but also to cardiorespiratory fitness.
Reply: Letter to the Editor: Exercise Interventions and
Cardiovascular Health in Childhood Cancer: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Morales Javier S. , Valenzuela Pedro L. , Herrera-Olivares Alba M. , Baño-Rodrigo Antonio , Castillo-García Adrián , Rincón-Castanedo Cecilia , Martín-Ruiz Asunción , San Juan Alejandro F. , Fiuza-Luces Carmen , Lucia Alejandro 
Published: August 2020

Dear EditorWe sincerely appreciate the nice comments by Drs. P.V. da Costa Ghignatti and R.
Pereira de Lima 1 concerning our recent
meta-analysis assessing the effects of physical exercise interventions on
cardiovascular endpoints in childhood cancer survivors 2. They are quite right to remain that even
non-significant improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) might be
clinically relevant. Indeed, we still do not know if CRF increments of a
theoretically low magnitude (i. e., <1 metabolic
equivalent) might have a prognostic value in the context of pediatric cancer and
treatment-associated cardiotoxicity. We also agree that unsupervised exercise
interventions are unlikely to be as effective as tailored programs, especially
because the latter allow for intensity to being adequately controlled and thus
gradually increased. It is indeed our opinion, after long years of experience
working with children with cancer as well as with other debilitated clinical
populations, that there is always room for physiological improvement and ideally
loads should be gradually improved instead of remaining stable.
Predicting the Probability of Lymph Node Involvement with Prostate Cancer Nomograms: Can We Trust the Prediction Models?
Authors: Chavarriaga Julian , Barco-Castillo Catalina , Santander Jessica , Zuluaga Laura , Medina Camilo , Trujillo Carlos , Plata Mauricio , Caicedo Juan Ignacio 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIntroduction Prediction of lymph node involvement (LNI) is of paramount importance for patients with prostate cancer (PCa) undergoing radical prostatectomy (RP). Multiple statistical models predicting LNI have been developed to support clinical decision-making regarding the need of extended pelvic lymph node dissection (ePLND). Our aim is to evaluate the prediction ability of the best-performing prediction tools for LNI in PCa in a Latin-American population.Methods Clinicopathological data of 830 patients with PCa who underwent RP and ePLND between 2007 and 2018 was obtained. Only data from patients who had ≥ 10 lymph nodes (LNs) harvested were included (n = 576 patients). Four prediction models were validated using this cohort: The Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) web calculator, Briganti v.2017, Yale formula and Partin tables v.2016. The performance of the prediction tools was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC).Results The median age was 61 years old (interquartile range [IQR] 56–66), the median Prostate specific antigen (PSA) was 6,81 ng/mL (IQR 4,8–10,1) and the median of LNs harvested was 17 (IQR 13–23), and LNI was identified in 53 patients (9.3%). Predictions from the 2017 Briganti nomogram AUC (0.85) and the Yale formula AUC (0.85) were the most accurate; MSKCC and 2016 Partin tables AUC were both 0,84.Conclusion There was no significant difference in the performance of the four validated prediction tools in a Latin-American population compared with the European or North American patients in whom these tools have been validated. Among the 4 models, the Briganti v.2017 and Yale formula yielded the best results, but the AUC overlapped with the other validated models.
Osteopathia Striata with Cranial Sclerosis: A Face-to-Radiograph-to-Gene Diagnosis
Authors: Arora Veronica , Bijarnia-Mahay Sunita , Saxena K. K. , Suman Praveen , Kukreja Shyam 
Published: August 2020

AbstractOsteopathia striata with cranial sclerosis is an X-linked dominant bone dysplasia with osteosclerosis. It should be suspected in girls with macrocephaly, intellectual disability with unique facial dysmorphic features. We described the clinical and radiological profile of a patient with this rare disorder. A novel heterozygous variant was identified in the AMER1 gene which leads to premature truncation of the AMER1 protein. Facial gestalt recognition using artificial intelligence and radiographic features were used to narrow the differential diagnosis.
Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis: Clinical and Laboratory Profile in Children from Tertiary Care Centre in South India
Authors: Gowda Vykuntaraju K. , Vegda Hemadri , Sugumar Kiruthiga , Narayanappa Gayathri , Srinivasan Varunvenkat M. , Santhoshkumar Rashmi , Bhat Maya , Balu Sam , Naveen Mohan Rao 
Published: August 2020

AbstractNeuronal ceroid Lipofuscinosis (NCL), inherited disorders of lysosomal storage disorders, constitute the most common progressive encephalopathies with an incidence of 1.3 to 7 in 100,000 live births. We reported clinical, electrophysiological, radiological, ultrastructural, and molecular genetic features of NCL. This is a retrospective review, in a tertiary care center from January 2016 to December 2019. All children with clinical features of NCL and confirmed by pathogenic mutation and/or enzyme assay were included. A total of 60 children (male:female = 3:1) were studied. The commonest type was CLN 2 (41.7%). Neuroregression, seizures, and ataxia were present in all cases. Retinal arterial attenuation was seen in 38.33% cases. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain was abnormal in all patients, thalamic and caudate nucleus atrophy common in CLN1 (62%). Electroencephalography was abnormal in all children, but photoparoxysmal response at low intermittent photic stimulation frequencies was seen in four children of CLN2. Electron microscopy done in 43 children revealed abnormal inclusions in 20 (46.52%) children. Enzyme study showed low levels in 36 (78%) out of 46 cases. Of these, 21 had low tripeptidyl peptidase and 15 had low palmitoyl protein thioesterase levels. Molecular testing done in 26 cases showed pathogenic variant in 23 (88%) cases. Infantile onset with thalamic atrophy on MRI is common in CLN1 and refractory epilepsy, visual impairment and specific EEG changes are common in CLN2. These features are helpful in selecting enzyme assay for CLN1 versus CLN2. Electron microscopy helped in the diagnosis and genetic testing in subtyping. Thus, a multimode approach played a role in the diagnosis of NCL.
Moving back to the future of big data-driven research: reflecting on the social in genomics
Authors: Goisauf Melanie , Akyüz Kaya , Martin Gillian M. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWith the advance of genomics, specific individual conditions have received increased attention in the generation of scientific knowledge. This spans the extremes of the aim of curing genetic diseases and identifying the biological basis of social behaviour. In this development, the ways knowledge is produced have gained significant relevance, as the data-intensive search for biology/sociality associations has repercussions on doing social research and on theory. This article argues that an in-depth discussion and critical reflection on the social configurations that are inscribed in, and reproduced by genomic data-intensive research is urgently needed. This is illustrated by debating a recent case: a large-scale genome-wide association study (GWAS) on sexual orientation that suggested partial genetic basis for same-sex sexual behaviour (Ganna et al. 2019b). This case is analysed from three angles: (1) the demonstration of how, in the process of genomics research, societal relations, understandings and categorizations are used and inscribed into social phenomena and outcomes; (2) the exploration of the ways that the (big) data-driven research is constituted by increasingly moving away from theory and methodological generation of theoretical concepts that foster the understanding of societal contexts and relations (Kitchin 2014a). Big Data Soc and (3) the demonstration of how the assumption of ‘free from theory’ in this case does not mean free of choices made, which are themselves restricted by data that are available. In questioning how key sociological categories are incorporated in a wider scientific debate on genetic conditions and knowledge production, the article shows how underlying classification and categorizations, which are inherently social in their production, can have wide ranging implications. The conclusion cautions against the marginalization of social science in the wake of developments in data-driven research that neglect social theory, established methodology and the contextual relevance of the social environment.
Non-conformism as precursor for self-efficacy and well-being among schoolteachers in the Netherlands
Authors: Kodden Bas , van Ingen Ramon , Langeweg Stijn 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn this study, a model is developed and tested to examine the influence of non-conformism and self-efficacy on affective well-being and burnout amongst 401 Dutch schoolteachers. The relationships between the level of non-conformism and self-efficacy and subsequently the level of affective well-being, and burnout are hypothesised. The results of this study showed that self-efficacy is positively related to affective well-being and strongly negatively related to burnout. The results of this study also showed non-conformism to be a significant predictor for self-efficacy. Because of the strategic importance of human capital in schools, it is important practitioners are provided with tangible suggestions, such as non-conformist behaviour, to improve self-efficacy and well-being.
Stable isotopes in hair reveal dietary protein sources with links to socioeconomic status and health
Authors: Ehleringer James R. , Covarrubias Avalos Stephannie , Tipple Brett J. , Valenzuela Luciano O. , Cerling Thure E. 
Published: August 2020

Significance
As Americans, our diets have among the highest protein consumption rates and we are experiencing increased rates of obesity across all age groups. Here we reveal that consumption of corn-fed animal proteins are more common among lower socioeconomic status populations, which places these populations at a potentially greater risk for increased health problems.