bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is Procrastination Related to Low‐Quality Data?
Authors: Voss Nathaniel M. , Vangsness Lisa 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWhile it is easy to assume that university students who wait until the last minute to complete surveys for their class research requirements provide low‐quality data, this issue has not been empirically examined. The goal of the present study was to examine the relation between student research procrastination and two important data quality issues—careless responding and measurement noninvariance. Data gathered from university students across two semesters tentatively indicated that procrastination is related to low‐quality survey data. Procrastination was slightly more problematic for certain data quality issues (measurement noninvariance) than others (careless responding). These relations, however, were small and contingent on how procrastination and careless responding were measured. Accordingly, it seems more beneficial for researchers to select a sampling window that supports their research goals and statistical power requirements rather than select a sampling window that attempts to minimize careless survey responding or other measurement issues.
Prognostic tools for hypertrophic scar formation based on fundamental differences in systemic immunity
Authors: de Bakker Erik , van der Putten Mirthe A. M. , Heymans Martijn W. , Spiekstra Sander W. , Waaijman Taco , Butzelaar Liselotte , Negenborn Vera L. , Beekman Vivian K. , Akpinar Erman O. , Rustemeyer Thomas , Niessen Frank B. , Gibbs Susan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractUnpredictable hypertrophic scarring (HS) occurs after approximately 35% of all surgical procedures and causes significant physical and psychological complaints. Parallel to the need to understanding the mechanisms underlying HS formation, a prognostic tool is needed. The objective was to determine whether (systemic) immunological differences exist between patients who develop HS and those who develop normotrophic scars (NS) and to assess whether those differences can be used to identify patients prone to developing HS. A prospective cohort study with NS and HS groups in which (a) cytokine release by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and (b) the irritation threshold (IT) after an irritant (sodium lauryl sulphate) patch test was evaluated. Univariate regression analysis of PBMC cytokine secretion showed that low MCP‐1, IL‐8, IL‐18 and IL‐23 levels have a strong correlation with HS (P < .010‐0.004; AUC = 0.790‐0.883). Notably, combinations of two or three cytokines (TNF‐a, MCP‐1 and IL‐23; AUC: 0.942, Nagelkerke R2: 0.727) showed an improved AUC indicating a better correlation with HS than single cytokine analysis. These combination models produce good prognostic results over a broad probability range (sensitivity: 93.8%, specificity 86.7%, accuracy 90,25% between probability 0.3 and 0.7). Furthermore, the HS group had a lower IT than the NS group and an accuracy of 68%. In conclusion, very fundamental immunological differences exist between individuals who develop HS and those who do not, whereas the cytokine assay forms the basis of a predictive prognostic test for HS formation, the less invasive, easily performed irritant skin patch test is more accessible for daily practice.
Trophic dynamics of a reservoir fishery following an introduction of a top predator: Insights from stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes
Authors: Wamboldt James J. , Wanamaker Alan D. , Carroll Hannah M. , Schultz Randall D. , Morris Joseph E. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractTrophic dynamics and conceptual niche spaces of top piscivores were assessed using stable isotope analysis following the introduction of hybrid striped bass Morone saxatilis (Walbaum) × Morone chrysops (Rafinesque) into an established reservoir fishery devoid of gizzard shad, Dorosoma cepedianum (Lasueur). Hybrid striped bass were initially stocked into Three Mile Lake, Iowa as an attempt to biologically control pervasive yellow bass, Morone mississippiensis Jordan & Eigenmann, populations. From the analyses, it concluded that hybrid striped bass predominately targeted prey fish located in the littoral habitats of the reservoir and did not selectively consume yellow bass as intended. Bayesian isotope mixing models described the diets of hybrid striped bass to include a variety of prey fish, predominantly consisting of young bluegill Lepomis macrochirus and yellow bass. Food resource overlap among hybrid striped bass, largemouth bass, Micropterus salmoides Lacépède, and walleye, Sander vitreus (Mitchill), appeared substantial based on the isotopic niche overlap model. Results from this case study, in conjunction with the hindsight that yellow bass populations became prolific even with stockings of hybrid striped bass, suggest that their use to control yellow bass populations may not be a viable management strategy in southern Iowa.
Life cycle assessment of forest biomass energy feedstock in the Northeast United States
Authors: Quinn Ryan J. , Ha HakSoo , Volk Timothy A. , Brown Tristan R. , Bick Steven , Malmsheimer Robert W. , Fortier Marie‐Odile P. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractLife cycle assessment (LCA) was combined with primary data from nine forest harvesting operations in New York, Maine, Massachusetts, and Vermont, from 2013 to 2019 where forest biomass (FB) for bioenergy was one of several products. The objective was to conduct a data‐driven study of greenhouse gas emissions associated with FB feedstock harvesting operations in the Northeast United States. Deterministic and stochastic LCA models were built to simulate the current FB bioenergy feedstock supply chain in the Northeast US with a cradle‐to‐gate scope (forest harvest through roadside loading) and a functional unit of 1.0 Mg of green FB feedstock at a 50% moisture content. Baseline LCA, sensitivity analysis, and uncertainty analyses were conducted for three different FB feedstock types—dirty chips, clean chips, and grindings—enabling an empirically driven investigation of differences between feedstock types, individual harvesting process contributions, and literature comparisons. The baseline LCA average impacts were lower for grindings (4.57 kg CO2eq/Mg) and dirty chips (7.16 kg CO2eq/Mg) than for clean chips (23.99 kg CO2eq/Mg) under economic allocation, but impacts were of similar magnitude under mass allocation, ranging from 24.42 to 27.89 kg CO2eq/Mg. Uncertainty analysis showed a wider range of probable results under mass allocation compared to economic allocation. Sensitivity analysis revealed the impact of variations in the production masses and total economic values of primary products of forest harvests on the LCA results due to allocation of supply chain emissions. The high variability in fuel use between logging contractors also had a distinct influence on LCA results. The results of this study can aid decision‐makers in energy policy and guide emissions reductions efforts while informing future LCAs that expand the system boundary to regional FB energy pathways, including electricity generation, transportation fuels, pellets for heat, and combined heat and power.
Working for only financial reasons attenuates the health effects of working beyond retirement age: A 2‐year longitudinal study
Authors: Nemoto Yuta , Takahashi Tomoya , Nonaka Kumiko , Hasebe Masami , Koike Takashi , Minami Ushio , Murayama Hiroshi , Matsunaga Hiroko , Kobayashi Erika , Fujiwara Yoshinori 
Published: July 2020

AimThe health benefits of paid employment in late life are understood, but they might vary according to work motives. We examined the health effects of employment among older adults, focusing on motivation.MethodsWe carried out a 2‐year longitudinal survey from 2013 (baseline) to 2015 (follow up). Among 7608 older adults, the analysis included 1069 who completed both surveys and were employed at baseline. Work motives were assessed using a questionnaire. Participants were assigned to groups based on their responses: (i) financial reasons; (ii) motivation other than financial reasons; and (iii) both financial and non‐financial reasons. Self‐rated health, mental health and higher‐level functional capacity were evaluated as health outcomes.ResultsThere were group differences in baseline demographic variables and health status; those with financial reasons had lower socioeconomic status and worse mental health. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that compared with older workers with non‐financial reasons, those with financial reasons were more likely to decline in self‐rated health (OR 1.42; 95% CI 1.00–2.03) and higher‐level functional capacity (OR 1.55; 95% CI 1.16–2.07), which was independent of potential covariates, including socioeconomic status. However, no differences were evident between those with only non‐financial reasons and those having both financial and non‐financial reasons.ConclusionsWe found that the participants who worked only for financial rewards had reduced health benefits through working in old age. A prolonged working life among older workers can contribute to maintaining health and can be enhanced by non‐financial reasons, such as finding meaning in life and social contact. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2020; 20: 745–751.
Students' financial concerns in higher education
Authors: Mazhari Tuba , Atherton Graeme 
Published: July 2020

AbstractFocus groups were conducted to explore prospective students' perceptions of tuition fees, maintenance loans and how these impact their decision to engage with higher education. Views on rebranding of the term ‘tuition fees’ to ‘student/graduate contributions/tax’ and the introduction of differential fees for different courses were explored. Concerns around high living costs of being at university featured largely in conversations with students, and much more so than tuition fees. Students were averse to the idea of differential tuition fees which they felt could create an elitist system where only affluent students could access some high‐cost subjects. There was little agreement with the concept of rebranding ‘tuition fees’ to a ‘graduate contribution, or tax’. Overall knowledge of student finance, in particular tuition fees, was limited, which in turn led to doubts and anxiety around the concept of student finance overall.
Visual histological assessment of morphological features reflects the underlying molecular profile in invasive breast cancer: a morphomolecular study
Authors: Rakha Emad A , Alsaleem Mansour , ElSharawy Khloud A , Toss Michael S , Raafat Sara , Mihai Raluca , Minhas Fayyaz A , Green Andrew R , Rajpoot Nasir M , Dalton Leslie W , Mongan Nigel P 
Published: July 2020

AimsTumour genotype and phenotype are related and can predict outcome. In this study, we hypothesised that the visual assessment of breast cancer (BC) morphological features can provide valuable insight into underlying molecular profiles.Methods and resultsThe Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) BC cohort was used (n = 743) and morphological features, including Nottingham grade and its components and nucleolar prominence, were assessed utilising whole‐slide images (WSIs). Two independent scores were assigned, and discordant cases were utilised to represent cases with intermediate morphological features. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified for each feature, compared among concordant/discordant cases and tested for specific pathways. Concordant grading was observed in 467 of 743 (63%) of cases. Among concordant case groups, eight common DEGs (UGT8, DDC, RGR, RLBP1, SPRR1B, CXorf49B, PSAPL1 and SPRR2G) were associated with overall tumour grade and its components. These genes are related mainly to cellular proliferation, differentiation and metabolism. The number of DEGs in cases with discordant grading was larger than those identified in concordant cases. The largest number of DEGs was observed in discordant grade 1:3 cases (n = 1185). DEGs were identified for each discordant component. Some DEGs were uniquely associated with well‐defined specific morphological features, whereas expression/co‐expression of other genes was identified across multiple features and underlined intermediate morphological features.ConclusionMorphological features are probably related to distinct underlying molecular profiles that drive both morphology and behaviour. This study provides further evidence to support the use of image‐based analysis of WSIs, including artificial intelligence algorithms, to predict tumour molecular profiles and outcome.
Optimizing psychosocial support in prostate cancer patients during active surveillance
Authors: Donachie Kim , Cornel Erik , Adriaansen Marian , Mennes Rosa , van Oort Inge , Bakker Esther , Lechner Lilian 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWhat are the psychosocial support needs of prostate cancer (PCa) patients undergoing active surveillance (AS)? The preferred management strategy for low‐risk PCa (LR‐PCa) is AS. Patients remain under close surveillance to monitor disease progression. However, living with untreated disease has psychosocial implications. The objective of this study was to investigate the psychosocial support needs in PCa patients undergoing AS. According to Marzouk (2018) 30% of patients risk developing anxiety during the first year of AS. Parker (2015) and Tan (2016) suggest approximately 10% of AS‐patients request a change to active treatment, often based on anxiety. Pickles (2007) states that psychosocial support can effectively reduce anxiety and uncertainty. A literature based interview guide was used to conduct 17 semi‐structured interviews following an explorative qualitative approach. LR‐PCa patients, eligible for AS, were enrolled from two participating Dutch urology clinics experienced with AS. Written informed consent was obtained. Inclusion ended after attaining data saturation. The interviews were transcribed verbatim. NVIVO 10 was used for open coding. Participants expressed recurring uncertainty and anxiety caused by medical examinations, lower urinary tract symptoms and erectile dysfunction. Various effective and ineffective coping strategies were adopted by participants. The use of specific strategies was associated with patient‐physician relationship, locus‐of‐control and disease‐acceptation. Ineffective coping strategies seemed to impede resilience during stressful situations. Satisfactory decision‐making and disease‐acceptation were promoted by immediate availability of relevant, reliable information regarding disease characteristics and treatment options. Early‐stage reliable and relevant information, assessment and encouragement of effective coping strategies appear to be important psychosocial support needs during AS. Most participants in this study had spousal support and completed higher education. Future research should determine the generalizability of these findings in a more heterogeneous population.
Ectodermal‐neural cortex 1 as a novel biomarker predicts poor prognosis and induces metastasis in breast cancer by promoting Wnt/β‐catenin pathway
Authors: Zhou Yuhui , Tang Xiaojiang , Niu Ligang , Liu Yang , Wang Bin , He Jianjun 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBreast cancer, as the most common malignancy, is the second leading cause of cancer‐related death in women. One of the kelch family member ENC1 is involved in various pathophysiologic processes. But the role of ENC1 in breast cancer has not been investigated. The present study value the feature, clinical significance and the molecular mechanisms of ENC1 in breast cancer. The expression and prognosis value of ENC1 expression among breast cancer and normal breast tissue were investigated in The Cancer Genome Atlas database and human samples. ENC1 was knockdown to explore its function in various breast cancer cell lines. Western blot was performed to explore the potential molecular mechanisms. We observed that ENC1 was overexpressed in breast cancer tissues. ENC1 overexpression was associated with high metastasis and predicted a poor prognosis in patients with breast cancer. ENC1 Knockdown inhibits the growth, clone formation, migration and invasion of breast cancer cells. Mechanism analysis revealed ENC1 was strong associated with the metastasis by modulating β‐catenin pathway. Our study emphasizes that ENC1 is a potential prognostic and metastasis‐related marker of breast cancer, and may function as a possible therapeutic target against breast cancer.
LIPH promotes metastasis by enriching stem‐like cells in triple‐negative breast cancer
Authors: Zhang Yixiao , Zhu Xudong , Qiao Xinbo , Gu Xi , Xue Jinqi , Han Yanshuo , Sun Lisha , Cui Meizi , Liu Caigang 
Published: July 2020

AbstractLipase member H (LIPH), a novel member of the triglyceride lipase family. The clinical implications of its expression in breast cancer are still unclear. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the associations between LIPH and the tumorigenic behaviours of 144 triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients. The ratio and mammosphere‐forming ability of CD44+/CD24− stem‐like cells were tested. The role of LIPH in breast cancer cell migration and invasion was also evaluated. In addition, the effect of LIPH silencing on mitochondrial respiration was determined using the Seahorse assay. Finally, the effect of LIPH silencing on protein expression was determined via tandem mass tag‐based spectrometry and Western blotting. We found that LIPH expression was associated with metastasis in lymph nodes and distant organs (P = 0.025), resulting in poor survival among breast cancer patients (P = 0.027). LIPH knockdown significantly decreased both the ratio of CD44+/CD24− stem‐like cells and their mammosphere‐forming ability. LIPH silencing promoted apoptosis, arrested cell cycle in the G2/M phase, mitigated the oxidation‐related oxygen consumption rate in the mitochondria, and reduced metabolism. LIPH inhibited adhesion between tumour cells and enhanced the epithelial‐mesenchymal transition. Tandem mass spectrometric analysis presented 68 proteins were differentially expressed in LIPH‐silenced cells and LIPH‐mediated modulation of tumour cell adhesion depended on integrin‐related CAPN2 and paxillin signalling. Overall, our findings provided strong evidence that LIPH up‐regulation promoted metastasis and the stemness of TNBC cells. Therefore, targeting LIPH is a potentially viable strategy for preventing metastasis in TNBC.
Isolation and experimental challenge of cultured burbot (Lota lota maculosa) with Flavobacterium columnare and Aeromonas sp. isolates
Authors: Bruce Timothy J. , Ma Jie , Oliver Luke P. , Jones Evan M. , LaFrentz Benjamin R. , Cain Kenneth D. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBurbot (Lota lota maculosa) are a potential new species for commercial aquaculture. As burbot culture expands, there is a need to further define pathogen susceptibility and characterize aspects of the burbot immune response in an effort to assess fish health. A recent clinical diagnostic case from juvenile burbot reared at a commercial production facility resulted in the isolation and identification of Flavobacterium columnare along with several Aeromonas spp. The F. columnare isolate was assigned to genetic group 1 via multiplex PCR, a genetic group commonly associated with columnaris disease cases in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Virulence of the F. columnare isolate was assessed in vivo in both juvenile burbot and rainbow trout. Additionally, several of the Aeromonas sp. case isolates were identified via sequencing (16S rRNA, gyrB and rpoD) and a putative A. sobria isolate (BI‐3) was used to challenge burbot, along with a known virulent Aeromonas sp. (A141), but BI‐3 was not found to be virulent. Burbot were refractory to F. columnare when challenged by immersion, and it is likely that this is a secondary pathogen for burbot. Although refractory in burbot, the identified F. columnare isolate (BI‐1) was found to be virulent in rainbow trout.
Ethylene promotes seed iron storage duringArabidopsisseed maturation via ERF95 transcription factor
Authors: Sun Ying , Li Jia Qi , Yan Jing Ying , Yuan Jun Jie , Li Gui Xin , Wu Yun Rong , Xu Ji Ming , Huang Rong Feng , Harberd Nicholas P. , Ding Zhong Jie , Zheng Shao Jian 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBecause Iron (Fe) is an essential element, Fe storage in plant seeds is necessary for seedling establishment following germination. However, the mechanisms controlling seed Fe storage during seed development remain largely unknown. Here we reveal that an ERF95 transcription factor regulatesArabidopsisseed Fe accumulation. We show that expression ofERF95increases during seed maturation, and that lack of ERF95 reduces seed Fe accumulation, consequently increasing sensitivity to Fe deficiency during seedling establishment. Conversely, overexpression ofERF95has the opposite effects. We show that lack of ERF95 decreases abundance ofFER1messenger RNA in developing seed, which encodes Fe‐sequestering ferritin. Accordingly, afer1‐1loss‐of‐function mutation confers reduced seed Fe accumulation, and suppresses ERF95‐promoted seed Fe accumulation. In addition, ERF95 binds to specificFER1promoter GCC‐boxes and transactivatesFER1expression. We show thatERF95expression in maturing seed is dependent on EIN3, the master transcriptional regulator of ethylene signaling. While lack of EIN3 reduces seed Fe content, overexpression ofERF95rescues Fe accumulation in the seed ofein3loss‐of‐function mutant. Finally, we show that ethylene production increases during seed maturation. We conclude that ethylene promotes seed Fe accumulation during seed maturation via an EIN3‐ERF95‐FER1‐dependent signaling pathway.
An open‐hardware sample mounting solution for inverted light‐sheet microscopes with large detection objective lenses
Authors: RUSSELL C.T. , REES E.J. 
Published: July 2020

SummaryImplementations of light‐sheet microscopes are often incompatible with standard methods of sample mounting. Light‐sheet microscopy uses orthogonal illumination and detection to create a thin sheet of light which does not illuminate the sample outside of the depth of field of the detection axis. Typically, this configuration involves a pair of orthogonal objectives which constrains the positioning and length of cover slips in the range of the detection objective. Here, we present an open‐hardware sample mounting system for light‐sheet microscopes using large detection objectives, built using 3D printed components and demonstrate the chamber's efficacy on live biological samples in a custom light‐sheet microscope.Lay DescriptionImplementations of light‐sheet microscopes are often incompatible with standard methods of sample mounting. Light‐sheet microscopy creates a thin sheet of light at a certain depth of field within a volumetric sample. Typically, this configuration involves a pair of orthogonal objectives which constrains the positioning of samples and sample‐mounting apparatus in range of the detection objective. To overcome the limitations of this setup, we present an open‐hardware sample mounting system for light‐sheet microscopes using large detection objectives, built using 3D printed components and demonstrate the chamber’s efficacy on live biological samples in a custom light‐sheet microscope.