bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of genetic relationship and heritability among F2 generation of four crosses in rice using agro-morphological markers
Authors: Kusmiyati F , Kristanto B A , Lisnawati N , Herwibawa B 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Due to its higher consumption in Asian populations, white rice may lead to increase risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus. The glycaemic index of rice renders it the main contributor to dietary glycaemic load. Even though there are abundant rice genetic resources, the incorporation of germplasm sources is very important when looking for new alleles that play a role to prevention of the type 2 diabetes mellitus. Four rice cultivars were crossed to obtain low glycaemic index genotype in our previous research. In this paper, the agro-morphological markers of F2 generation were further assessed for genetic relationship and heritability. Furthermore, our results showed variation among the F2 generation rice genotypes in terms of agro-morhological trais studied is low. This could be an implication of the presence of a narrow genetic resources of these genotypes. Low heritabilities were observed for plant height, culm color, harvest time, flowering time, number of tillers, panicles length, and grain yield per plant, except panicle weight. Dendrogram contained four main clusters, which confirm genetic relationship among the genotypes. The improved rice genotypes from cluster IV (F2-SP, FS-GL, F2-SL, F2-LS) and cluster II (F2-PS and F2-LG) were identified with distinct genetic attributes useful in future low-glycaemic index with fine grain rice breeding program.
Marker selection on F2 population of Setail and ARC 12596 crossing
Authors: Ismayanti R , Isnaini RNL , Muliadi A 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Tungro is an important rice disease. Rice tungro disease can decrease rice production. Resistance variety can be applied in plant breeding activities. Furthermore, using tungro resistance varieties more effective and efficient to control tungro disease. But, using resistance varieties continuously can breakdown resistance level because this character has durability. Therefore, the breeding of tungro resistance varieties should be done continuously. Breeding of tungro resistance can be held by using parental which resistance variety of tungro cross is with parental which have a specific location and have liked by farmers. This combination has a purpose to get tungro resistance which has a specific location. After crossing, the next step is to select the filial. This step should be done to evaluate the filial of cross-pollination and to get early line tungro resistance for the next material selection. The selection can be held by conventional and in-conventional or mix of both. The best selection is using mix procedure between conventional and in-conventional. Conventional selection is based on the standard evaluation system for rice (SES) IRRI. An in-conventional technique using SSR because it has an accurate technique to get genotype selection and purity evaluation. The purpose of this research is to know which SSR marker have linkage with tungro resistance in filial of a cross between tungro resistance parental and specific location. There are 3 markers SSR which can differentiate Setail and ARC 12596 to tungro disease those are RM 314, RM 212, and RM 288. Marker RM 314 has a chance to be a tungro resistance linkage marker from ARC 12596.
Agronomic characters evaluation of sweet sorghum bicolor (l.) moench mutants
Authors: Lestari E G , Dewi I S , Yunita R , Nur A 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Sorghum is an annual crop with a lot of varieties. Recently, sweet sorghum is recognized as a potential new generation bioenergy crop because of its potential to accumulate sugar (10-15%) in its stalk similar to sugarcane, apart from producing grains. This study aims to evaluate agronomic characters including sugar contents of M3 and M4 population of sweet sorghum mutants derived from Numbu variety. The mutants were produced by combining in-vitro culture with induced mutation using gamma ray irradiation. The study was conducted at ICABIOGRAD Experiment Station (KP Cikeumeuh) in Bogor-Indonesia from July 2015 to June 2016. The study was arranged in augmented, the selection of selected lines for the next test material was based on agronomic characteristics of plant height, stem diameter and sugar Brix, which were superior to its parents, namely Numbu. The selection of selected lines for the next test material is based on agronomic characteristics of plant height, stem diameter and sugar Brix, which is superior to its parents, namely Numbu. Evaluation and selection in M3 and M4 population were focused on important agronomic characters such as plant height, stem diameter, stem sugar content, panicle length and weight, and yield/plant. The results indicated that 13 mutants having higher plant, bigger stem diameter, higher Brix value, seed production and higher yield/plant than their parent, Numbu. Have been selected from M3 and M4 population the selected mutants (M5) will be used further for yield trials.
Effect of sucrose on calus induction and green plantlet regeneration in anther culture of Indica x Indica rice
Authors: Dewi I S , Safitri H , Purwoko B S 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Anther culture is an important biotechnological tool. By rice anther culture homozygous pure lines in the form of doubled haploid (DH) plants can be produced within a year as compared to the long inbreeding method, which might take 8-10 years. Application of anther culture technique in breeding and genetics research is limited due to the very low regeneration frequency of anthers of rice in general, and indica cultivars in particular. Therefore, the successful use of the technique depends on the adequate production of DH plants for selection and field evaluation. Effect of various concentrations of sucrose in callus induction media was investigated on callus induction and regeneration of green plantlets from anther culture of several F1s derived from indica x indica crosses. Cold pretreated anthers of five genotype of anther donor plants (F1s) at 5 °C for 8 days were cultured on N6 callus induction medium containing sucrose at a concentration of 6.0%, 6.5%, and 7.0%. Results revealed that all genotypes showed similar response to callus induction, but a significantly different responses to plant regeneration depended on sucrose level in the callus induction media. Two genotypes, i.e. IR78788 / Inpara 5 and Dendang/Inpari 30 only regenerated albino plantlets. In this experiment, 6.5% sucrose compared to two other sucrose treatments was suitable for inducing high frequency callus induction and high green plant regeneration in all genotypes. The high concentration of sucrose (7.0%) in the culture medium not only resulted in a decrease in the number and percentage of callus formation but also decreased the regeneration of green plantlets.
Genotype x environment interaction of rice genotype
Authors: Sitaresmi T , Susanto U , Pramudyawardani E F , Nafisah  , Nugraha Y , Sasmita P 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Grain yield was influenced by genotype, environment and, genotype x environment interaction, so the maximum potential of rice will appear when planted in a suitable environment. The study aims to estimate grain yield stability of 20 genotypes of rice in dry season of 2014 in three locations. The experimental design used was a randomized complete block design with three replications. The average grain yield of the three locations ranged from 5.60 to 7.89 ton/ha. Based on the combined analysis of variance, the interaction between the genotype x environment was significant. Six lines have grain yield were not significantly different fromCiherang, which were BP5168F-KN-16-3, BP4114-7f-Kn-22-2-KLT-2*B-SKI- 1*B, BP5168f-kn-16-3-KLT-2*B-SKI-1*B, BP11282f-Kn-4-3-KLT-2*B, BP5478-1f-Kn-19-1-2-KLT-2*B-SKI-1*B, and HHZ12-SAL2-Y3-Y1. Only OBS 8412 which has grain yield higher than Ciherang. Based on the coefficient of regression and coefficient of variability, HHZ12-SAL2-Y3-Y1 and OBS 8412 were stable and have general adaptability in Cilacap, Sukabumi, and Kebumen. BP12244-20-3-1-3 and HHZ12-SAL8-Y1-Y2 were specifically adapted in the low yielding environment. BP5480-3f-Kn-4-1-KLT-2*B, Ciherang, and INPARI 32 HDB were specifically adapted in high yielding environment.
Evaluation of several soybean genotypes for pod shattering resistance
Authors: Krisnawati A , Adie M M , Baliadi Y 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Shattering in soybean occurs after the pods reached maturity which can cause considerable yield loss. The aims of this study were to evaluate the pod shattering resistance and the performance of the agronomic traits of several soybean genotypes. The field study was conducted at Banyuwangi (Indonesia) from July to October 2018 using twelve soybean genotypes. Pod-shattering evaluation was done as per oven-dry and sun-drying methods. The variability of shattering start to occur at oven temperature treatment of 50°C and 60°C. Based on the oven-dry method, two genotypes were found resistant, three genotypes were susceptible, and seven genotypes were highly susceptible to pod shattering. Based on the sun-drying method (15 days drying), two genotypes were categorized as resistant, three genotypes were moderate, five genotypes were susceptible, and two genotypes were highly susceptible. Soybean genotypes ATgt-18-009 and Anjasmoro showed consistently resistant to pod shattering based on the oven-dry as well as sun-drying methods. Those genotypes also produce high yield (more than 3.0 t/ha) with days to maturity ranging from 82 to 85 days, therefore it could be potentially developed in the soybean production centers in Indonesia.
In vitro polyploidy induction of foxtail millet (Setaria italica (L) beauv) cv. buru hotong using colchicine treatment
Authors: Rodiansah Asep , Ika Puspita Melisa , Iriawati  
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn vitro polyploidy induction of foxtail millet (Setaria Italica (L.) Beauv) was done using callus from the basal leaf of 10-day old seedlings. Callus was treated using three different concentrations of colchicine (0, 125, 250 and 500 ppm) and two exposure times (24 and 48 hours). Results showed that colchicine declines the survival rate and the number of shots on all combinations. Putative polyploidy plant was produced on the combination of K3T1 (500 ppm colchicine; 24 hour exposure time). Based on field experiment data, putative polyploid plant has smaller characteristics in the term of plant height, the number of tillers, and number of seed per panicle than the diploid plant. However, leaf width, panicle length and diameter, seed size, and weight of 100 seeds of putative polyploid plant bigger than the diploid plant.
The resistance of upland rice doubled haploid lines to blast diseases and brown planthopper
Authors: Kartina Nita , Purwoko Bambang Sapta , Dewi Iswari Saraswati , Wirnas Desta , Sugiyanta  , Nindita Anggi 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the resistance of doubled haploid lines of upland rice to leaf blast race 033, 073, 133, 173 and brown planthopper biotype 1, 2 and 3. The experiments were conducted in the Muara greenhouse, Indonesia Center for Rice Research (ICRR), Bogor-West Java Province. All experiments were conducted in the span of October 2017 to April 2018. The materials used in the research were 14 upland rice doubled haploid lines, 2 check varieties namely Inpago 10 and Limboto. Testing the resistance of doubled haploid rice of upland rice to blast disease was coupled with differential varieties i.e Asahan as blast-resistant check variety and Kencana Bali as blast susceptible check variety, while to brown planthopper with differential varieties i.e TN1, Pelita, IR26, IR42, PTB 33 and Rathu Heenati. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with three replications. Resistance study of doubled haploid lines to leaf blast showed that ST7 and Limboto were resistant to race 033 while ST4, ST7, ST9, ST10, ST12, and Limboto were resistant to race 073. Meanwhile, ST4, ST9, ST10, ST11, ST12, Limboto and Inpago 10 were resistant to race 173. Four doubled haploid lines were moderately resistant to race 133 i.e. ST6, ST12, ST4, and ST14. The highest disease intensity was found in race 133 (52.2%) followed by race 033 (35.9%), race 173 (30.4%) and the lowest in race 073 (28.1%). Based on IRRI method of evaluation, two doubled haploid lines of upland rice i.e. ST1 and ST3 were moderately resistant to the biotypes of brown planthopper.
Evaluation of growth and production of wheat lines (Triticum aestivum L.) adaptive to lowland
Authors: Nur A , Sari A T I , Amin A R , Rafiuddin  
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Wheat is the world’s main food commodity originating from temperate (subtropical) regions. In Indonesia, wheat imports have been increased very high every year. To increase the use of local wheat consumption, especially low gluten needs to be developed. So far, wheat development in Indonesia has been carried out at plateaus> 1000 masl. Development at this height is experiencing competition with horticultural commodities with higher economic value and limited land. The development of wheat in Indonesia in the future is directed at medium - low altitude. This study aims to determine the wheat strain crossbreed of Magic Population adaptive lowland and high production. The study was conducted at the Green House of the Indonesia Cereal Research Institute, Lau Subdistrict, Alleopolea Village, Maros Regency with an average temperature of 25oC in the morning and 32oC in the afternoon. The study took place from October 2017 to February 2018. The study used a Randomized Block Design with 10 lines of Magic Population crosses including MPF 124, MPF 159, MPF 192, MPF 169, MPF 137, MPF 195, MPF 119, MPF 145, MPF 156 and MPF 231 as well as four comparators, namely two national superior varieties (Selayar and Dewata) and two introduction lines (Oasis and HP. 1744) so that there are 14 lines. Each group was repeated 3 times. The results showed that the wheat strains of Magic Population that were adaptive to lowland land with high productivity were MPF 192 (1.80 ton ha−1), MPF 169 (1.66 tons ha−1), MPF 195 (1.54 tons ha−1), MPF 137 (1.44 tons ha−1), MPF 124 (1.42 tons ha−1) and MPF 159 (1.34 tons ha−1). Besides, the result showed that the number of productive tiller, the number of main panicle seeds, and numbers of tiller spike seed could be used as the selection character under lowland.
Total anthocyanin, flavonoid and phenolic content of pigmented rice landraces from South Sulawesi
Authors: Hanifa A P , Millner J P , Mc Gill C R M , Sjahril R 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe precious traits in the coloured grains of red, deep purple, or black has attracted more attention due to its health benefits. These health benefits have been attributed in part to phytochemicals in the rice seed, including phenolic, flavonoid and anthocyanins which are known as source of antioxidants. This study was aimed to investigate the content of total phenolic, flavonoid and anthocyanin from seventeen pigmented rice collected from the upland regions of Toraja, Enrekang and from lowland of Jeneponto, South Sulawesi. The grains were dehusked using handheld rice husker (Kett TR130) then were grinded into fine powder before extraction. Flavonoids and anthocyanins were quantified by UV-Vis spectrophometry and total phenolic content was determined using Folin-Ciocalteu method. Results showed that black rice glutinous rice varieties from lowland(Le ’leng)had the highest content of total anthocyanins, flavonoids and phenolics.
Statistical test for interaction of G x E on QPM grain yellow for hybrid candidate under lowland in Indonesia
Authors: Jamaluddin  , Isnaini Muzdalifah , Faesal  , Yasin HG M 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The use of the statistical test has been demonstrated to assess the interaction of single crosses QPM maize genotypes (G) under five different environments (E). The statistical pooled model used in this study i.e. yi= μ+τ+α+ε and (2) yij=μ+τ/Λ+α+(αxΛ)+ε, (effect of mean, replication within the location, entry, interaction gxe, error). The parental material was introduced from CIMMYT Maize Lines (CML) and the yellow grain tester was modified by MR14x CML164 backcrosses programs until BC3F3. The testing environment (ei, i=1,2,3, 4,5) were lowland zone in (e1) Maros experimental Farm, (e2) Bajeng, (e3) Bontobili, (e4) Sidondo and (e5) Polman farmers field. Experiments were conducted by a randomized complete block design with three replications. The first variables were analyzed separately in each ei (i:1,2,3,4,5) and followed by pooled analysis by gj (j:1,2,3, . . . , 10). There were ten variables observed, the grain yield was observed in water content (wc) of 15%. The spacing used was 75x20cm one plant per space, the fertilizer applied were urea-ponska (200-150 kg/ha), weeding and irrigated was regularly conducted for maximum plant growth. The experiments were conducted on the rainy season in 2018. The statistical test showed that there is a significant difference of genotypes under five environments, interaction gxe, and cv: 10.69%, test by LSD (least significant difference) found that two candidates single cross (1)CML161-2-1-4-2xMR14Q and (2)CML165-3-1-2-4xMR14Q were high yielded and significantly different with two check variety MSQ.C0xMR14Q and Bima 13Q. These two single crosses could be promising as new QPM hybrids with yield potential 9.0-10.0 t/ha. The ear position is on the middle of the plant, shelling 75.2-77.8%, flowering 55 days and plant aspect scored one. QPM (Quality Protein Maize/Maize) is defined as speciality maize which has a high content of lysine and tryptophan. These are two essential amino acids that have important nutritional values for the human body to anticipate the disease among children and could be supplemented for human diets.
Salinity tolerance level of rice mutants (M3) derived from Ciherang and Inpari 13 varieties at seedling phase
Authors: Yunita R , Dewi I S , Lestari E G , Mariska I , Purnamaningsih R , Mastur  
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Salinity negatively affects rice production, therefore tolerant varieties are required to plant in an area with high salinity salinity. This especially will inhibit growth and trigger death at the seedling phase. The objective of this research is to obtain salinity tolerant rice mutants, from previously developed line by gamma ray irradiation and in-vitro selection, through a hydroponictesting in a green house. Plant materials used were third generation (M3) of rice mutants derived from Ciherang and Inpari 13 (each 45 lines), Ciherang and Inpari 13 as control parents, and Pokkali and IR20 as tolerant and sensitive salinity control, respectively. The experiment was conducted using methods developed by IRRI. This study was arranged in a completely randomized factorial design. The firstfactorwas twoconcentrationofNaCl (0 and 150 mM) and the second factor was the plant Rice varieties. The result of the study revealed that tolerant lines had higher plant height and root length than susceptible lines. This research yielded 64 rice mutants lines tolerant to salinity, i.e. 23 mutant lines of Ciherang and 45 mutant lines of Inpari 13.
Development of a paddy drought hazard forecasting system to cope with the impact of climate change
Authors: Surmaini E , Ramadhani F , Syahputra MR , Dewi ER , Apriyana Y 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The relevance of climate extreme events, such as droughts, is well recognized as one of the impacts of climate change. The serious paddy droughts that occur during El Niño climate cycles has increased political awareness of the need to incorporate these in drought-forecasting and warning systems for effective drought management. In this study, we develop a paddy drought hazard forecasting system (PDFS) based on a web-based geographic information system (GIS). The Drought Hazard Index (DHI) was used to derive a deterministic forecast model, which is a simplified version of the probabilistic forecast model used in the previous version of this system. Based on the DHI, rice field areas in Indonesia were classified into four categories: low (1.0< DHI< 3.3), moderate (3.33 < DHI<6.66), high (6.66 <DHI< 10.9), and very high (10.9 < DHI< 16.0). Web-based PDFS is incorporated in the Integrated Cropping Calendar Information System (ICCIS). Predictions are available for the subsequent four months and are regularly updated every two months. The forecasts are made available for the regional areas of Indonesia at the provincial and district level.
Isolation and identification of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the corn rhizosphere (Zea mays l.) originating from Jeneponto Regency, South Sulawesi
Authors: Arsita Rajidah , Karim Hilda , Hala Yusminah , Iriany Neni , Jumadi Oslan 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This study aims to determine the type of isolates and the characteristics of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the rhizosphere of corn (Zea mays L.) from Jeneponto regency, South Sulawesi. This research is an explorative study consisting of nitrogen-fixing bacteria isolation and identification using nitrogen free bromohymol blue (Nfb) medium, and an ammonium excretion test on nitrogen-fixing bacteria using spectrophotometry methods. Bacteria identification methods include Gram staining, and physiological and biochemical characterization which consist of temperature resistance at 5°C, 25°C, and 40°C, pH resistance at 4, 6, and 8 and salt tolerance at 1%, 6% and 10 %. The study has found 20 bacterial isolates that can be characterized as round, mucoid, non-mucoid, white, clear, Gram-negative and bacilli. Physiological characteristics (biochemical tests) have shown growing pellicles and discoloration in the liquid Nfb medium. The ammonium excretion test showed there are 5 isolates excreting fairly high ammonium levels, namely BKr1, BKr2, BKr3, TKN2 and BBTg1, with concentrations of 42.3, 39.1, 41.5, 41.0 and 39.4 μत, respectively.
The response of Inpago 8 rice to the provision of compost and Biochar in dryland
Authors: Ernawati Rr , Meidaliyantisyah  , Barus J 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Compost and biochar are organic materials that can improve the function of soil as a growing medium in cultivation. Inpago 8 is a kind of upland rice which is grown in the dry land. This study was conducted to determine the effects of compost and biochar on dryland to the growth and yield of Inpago 8 rice plant. The experiment was conducted on dry land in Natar Experimental Station, South Lampung from January 2015 until May 2015. Six treatments were tested in this study consisted above: (A) control (without compost and biochar), (B) biochar rice husk 5 ton/ha (t/ha), (C) biochar rice husk 10 t/ha, (D) compost 5 t/ha, (E) biochar rice husk 5 t/ha + Compost 5t/ha, and (F) Biochar rice husk 10 t/ha + compost 5t/ha, using a randomized block design with four replications. Observations were conducted on the components of growth and yield of Inpago 8 rice plant, data analysis used Duncan‘s test. The result showed that the best appearance of the growth and yield of Inpago 8 rice plant is the application of biochar rice husk 5 t/ha + compost 5t/ha.