bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High Anemia Prevalence in Korean Older Adults, an Urgent Healthcare Problem: 2007-2016 KNHANES
Authors: Chueh Hee won , Jung Hye Lim , Shim Ye Jee , Choi Hyoung Soo , Han Jin Yeong 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Anemia is associated with high morbidity and mortality in older people. However, anemia in older individuals is not fully understood, and national data on the prevalence and characteristics of anemia in Korean older people are lacking. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and characteristics of anemia in older adults using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) , which is the nation-wide cross-sectional epidemiological study conducted by Korean Ministry of Health and Welfare. METHODS: Data from the total of 62,825 participants of the 2007-2016 KNHANES were merged and analyzed to investigate differences in participant characteristics and potential risk factors for anemia. RESULTS: The prevalence of anemia was higher in the population aged ≥65 years (older adults) than in the younger population. Anemia was also more prevalent among females than among males, but the difference was not statistically significant in people aged >85 years. Being underweight, receiving a social allowance, living alone, and having comorbidities such as hypertension, arthritis, diabetes mellitus (DM), cardiovascular disease (CVD), stroke, cancer, and chronic renal failure (CRF) were more prevalent in older adults with anemia than in the group without anemia. In the univariate and multivariate analyses, older age, female sex, underweight, and comorbidities including arthritis, DM, CVD, stroke, cancer, and CRF were associated with an increased risk of anemia. Furthermore, the prevalence data were significantly higher in this study than in previous studies. CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed that age, female sex, underweight, and the presence of comorbidities such as arthritis, DM, CVD, stroke, cancer, and CRF were associated with an increased risk of anemia in Korean older adults. Our findings may be useful in developing interventions and programs aimed at healthy aging. Further study on causal relationships between anemia and other variables in the older population is necessary.
Exosomal Long Noncoding Rna AGAP2-AS1 Regulates Trastuzumab Resistance via Inducing Autophagy in Breast Cancer
Authors: Han Mingli , Qu Hongbo , Cao Hui , Li Xiangke , Dou Dongwei , Yang Xue , Yang Yunqing , Han Na , Ye Mulin , Han Jing , Zhang Fan , Wang Wei , Ding Yichao , Xie Mingwei , Qian Xueke , Dong Huaying 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Trastuzumab has been widely used for treatment of HER-2-positive breast cancer patients, however, the clinical response has been restricted due to emergence of resistance. Recent studies indicate that long noncoding RNA AGAP2-AS1 (lncRNA AGAP2-AS1) plays an important role in cancer resistance. However, the precise regulatory function and therapeutic potential of AGAP2-AS1 in trastuzumab resistance is still not defined. Methods: Trastuzumab resistant cells were established. RNA sequencing and qRT-PCR were performed to identify the target gene of AGAP2-AS1. Mass spectrometry, RNA pulldown and RNA immunoprecipitation assays were performed to verify the direct interactions among AGAP2-AS1 and other associated targets, such as embryonic lethal abnormal version like RNA binding protein 1 (ELAVL1) and autophagy related 10 (ATG10). In vitro and in vivo experimental assays were done to clarify the functional role of exosomal AGAP2-AS1 in trastuzumab resistance.Results: AGAP2-AS1 promotes and disseminates trastuzumab resistance via packaging into exosomes. Exosomal AGAP2-AS1 induces trastuzumab resistance via modulating ATG10 expression and autophagy activity. Mechanically, AGAP2-AS1 is associated with ELAVL1 protein. The AGAP2-AS1-ELAVL1 complex could directly bind to the promoter region of ATG10, inducing H3K27ac and H3K4me3 enrichment, which finally activates ATG10 transcription. AGAP2-AS1-targeting antisenseoligonucleotides (ASO) substantially increased trastuzumab-induced cytotoxicity. Clinically, increased expression of serum exosomal AGAP2-AS1 was associate with poor response to trastuzumab treatment.Conclusion: ExosomalAGAP2-AS1 increased trastuzumab resistance via promoting ATG10 expression and inducing autophagy. Therefore, AGAP2-AS1 may serve aspredictive biomarker and therapeutic target for HER-2+ breast cancer patients.
Effects of Diaphragmatic Control on Multiparametric Analysis of the Nasal Inspiratory Pressure Test and Inspiratory Muscle Activity in Healthy Subjects
Authors: Benício Kadja , Resqueti Vanessa R. , Dias Fernando A. L. , Pennati Francesca , Aliverti Andrea , Medeiros Jéssica , Fregonezi Guilherme Augusto de Freitas 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background:We investigated the influence of diaphragmatic activation control (diaphC) on the relaxation rate and contractile properties, as well as the electrical activity of inspiratory muscles, assessed non-invasively using the sniff inspiratory pressure test (SNIP) and surface electromyography, respectively, in healthy subjects. Methods:Twenty-two subjects (10 men and 12 women) performed 10 sniff maneuvers in two different days: with and without diaphC instructions. For the SNIP test with diaphC, the subjects were instructed to perform intense activation of the diaphragm. The tests with the best SNIP values ​​were used for analysis. Results: The maneuver with diaphC when compared to the maneuver without diaphC exhibited significant lower values for: SNIP (p <0.01), maximum relaxation rate (MRR) (p <0.01), maximum rate of pressure development (MRPD) (p <0.01) and electrical activity of the sternocleidomastoid (SCM) (p <0.01), scalene (SCL) (p = 0.01) and intercostal (CI) (p = 0.03) muscles; as well as significant longer contraction (CT) times (p = 0.02). In addition, the decay constant (tau, τ) and relaxation time (½ RT) did not present any changes. Conclusion:The diaphragmatic control performed during the SNIP test influences the inspiratory pressure and the contractile properties of inspiratory muscles. This occurs due to changes in the pattern of muscle recruitment, which change forcevelocity characteristics of the test. Thus, instruction on diaphC should be encouraged for better performance of the SNIP test and for evaluation targeting the diaphragm muscle activity.
Blood Biomarkers Dynamic Detection, Especially Eosinophils has Certain Value in the Clinical Diagnosis, Severity Classification and Prognosis Judgment of COVID-19
Authors: Zhou Quan , Huang Qiang , Nie Long , Ren Pin , Xu Yue , Xiao Li , Yang Yanlong , Chen Bo , Tu Mingli 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In December 2019, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was first found in Wuhan, China and soon was reported all around the world. Novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is highly infectious and requires early detection, isolation, and treatment. We tried to find some useful information by analyzing the covid-19 screening data, so as to provide help for clinical practice. In this prospective study, we retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 131 patients with COVID-19 and 119 controls. For confirmed cases, the data of blood routine examination were analyzed among severe patients and non-severe group. The blood routine examination results were dynamically observed in the survivors and nonsurvivors. We find that patients with COVID-19 have lower counts of leucocytes, lymphocytes, eosinophils, which were compared with controls (P < 0.001). In severe group, patients have the lower count of lymphocytes and eosinophils, but the higher leucocytes count (all P values < 0.01). Eosinophils have high diagnostic efficacy analysis of severe COVID-19, and its area under the curve reached 0.750. Patients whose eosinophils returned to normal early had significantly longer survival times than those who did not(P < 0.001). Patients with COVID-19 have abnormal peripheral blood routine examination results. Dynamic surveillance of peripheral blood system especially eosinophils is helpful in the diagnosis, assess the prognosis and prediction of severe COVID-19 cases.
A Case Report of Spontaneous Pneumothorax in the 2019 Novel Coronavirus–Infected Pneumonia
Authors: Pan Yunhu , Wei Shuo , Chen Guang , Hong Yuancheng 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: COVID-19,which pathogen virus officially named SARS-CoV-2, started in China Wuhan city and so far rapidly spread to a global outbreak. Since the lung is the main lesion organ for virus invasion, Chest CT is strongly recommended in COVID-19 on either initial diagnosis and follow-up.Multiple patchy shadows and ground glass opacity of bilateral lung are typical features of CT scan,and spontaneous pneumothorax appeared in the early onset of COVID-19 is rare. Case Presentation: We reported one case of spontaneous pneumothorax in the early onset of COVID-19, chest CT showed only a small amount of pneumothorax were seen in the right lobe.After receiving 4 days of treatment, re-examination chest CT shows right pneumothorax disappeared, but the patient was clinically worse, and progressive multiple diffuse consolidation. Although treatment with extracorporeal membrane oxygenator,the patient died 15 days after admission. Conclusion: Spontaneous pneumothorax in the early stages of COVID-19 is rare,which imaging features differ from other lung diseases complicated with pneumothorax,such as COPD.More than we usually know,the improvement of pneumothorax and the outcome of COVID-19 may be inconsistent.
Preoperative Evaluation in Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty for Secondary Penetrating Keratoplasty Graft Failure
Authors: Safadi Khaled , Kaufman Ron , Nche Eleanor , Wajnsztajn Denise , Lavy Itay 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Over the past decade, Penetrating Keratoplasty (PKP) graft failure has been increasingly managed by Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty (DMEK). Our aim is to emphasis the importance of preoperative evaluation by Anterior-Segment Optical Coherence Tomography (AS-OCT) and present the clinical outcomes and surgical modifications of DMEK performed for Secondary PKP graft failure.Methods: A retrospective medical records review of patients that underwent DMEK for failed PKP at Hadassah Medical Center in 2018-2019. Collected data included demographic characteristics, PKP graft size measured by AS-OCT, corneal donor endothelial cell density (ECD), intra-operative surgical method adjustments, post-operative complications, visual acuity in Snellen (VA), central pachymetry and post-operative ECD.Results: Included were 16 patients (9 males) and 16 eyes. The study period was 18 months. Mean age at performing DMEK was 63 years. Before DMEK, mean VA and central pachymetry were 0.04 and 685µm, respectively. At last follow up, they significantly improved to 0.3 (p-value=0.001) and 542µm (p-value=0.008) respectively. Mean ECD for donor grafts was 2662 cells per mm2. Post-operative ECD was available only for 7 cases with a mean of 1391 cells per mm2 (p-value=0.0002). At last follow up, 93.75% of the grafts were attached. Graft failure rate was 6.25% due to late decompensation, graft detachment rate and rebubbling rate were 18.75% respectively. Conclusion: A suitable case-based pre-operative evaluation by AS-OCT may play a vital role in DMEK for failed PKP. No less important is to take into consideration multiple surgical adjustments. Both may further decrease complications rates along with accelerating visual recovery.
Insight of COVID-19/ SARS-CoV-2 and its Probable Treatment - A Mathematical Approach
Authors: Chatterjee Amar Nath , Saha Shubhankar , Roy Priti Kumar , Basir Fahad Al , Khailov Evgenii , Grigorieva Ellina 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The novel coronavirus disease (COVID19) emerged in Wuhan, China in December 2019. In a matter of weeks, the disease had spread well outside China, and now reaching countries in all parts of the globe. Its treatment and recovery are the two most primary concerns for every country. Recently, medical science has shown some studies that reveal post-infection Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) treatment followed by lipopeptide EK1C4 could be an effective interference in prevention of the disease COVID19, spreaded by SARS-CoV-2. However, there are some side effects of these drugs, especially for aged persons, but this is yet to be explored by rescaling the drug dosage with a proper dosing time interval.We propose a mathematical model that explains combination drug therapy on the dynamics of SARSCoV-2/COVID19. We apply the method of impulsive differential equation in our model and it is useful for elucidating insights into regular drug dosing. Systematic approach of this combination of drug therapy allows us to gain more fruitful results.In this model, we first investigate the chaotic nature of the system induced by SARS-CoV-2 with and without any treatment. Then we enquire how drug therapy reduces the threshold value of infection and observe its complex dynamics. We perform equilibrium analysis, local and global stability analysis and find the region of safe dosing so that there occurs no side-effects during treatment and afterwards. Our results suggest that only proper treatment enhances the stability in a SARS-CoV-2 infected system.
Unlocking the COVID-19 Lockdown: Work from Home and Its Impact on Employees
Authors: Jaiswal Akanksha , Arun C. Joe 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The present pandemic caused by COVID-19 has caused unprecedented turmoil in human lives. Invoking the typology of crises, we classify COVID-19 as an intractable crisis that necessitated nations to impose lockdowns. As national economies and businesses got a severe blow with this closure, organizations encouraged employees to work from home. Drawing upon the employee isolation literature, we aimed to examine the impact of work from home on employees during the lockdown. This investigation would help us learn about the nature and quality of work in the context of the current crisis. Towards this, we conducted in-depth interviews with 24 middle and senior-level managers across manufacturing and technology-enabled service sectors in India and analyzed the data using MAXQDA software. Employees reported an increase in working hours, major changes in their roles, reduced levels of productivity, and increased levels of stress. Besides these findings, we discovered sparks of creativity among employees during this isolation period. These creative steps were either towards nurturing oneself for career growth or towards solving long-pending organizational issues. Interestingly, the creativity was self-initiated. Our findings have key implications for organizations and their leaders who need to revisit work-from-home policies for the future workforce. We highlight our theoretical contributions and outline the scope for future research.
Use of workplace foodservices is associated with reduced meal skipping in Korean adult workers: A nationwide cross-sectional study
Authors: Shin Woo-young , Kim Jung-ha 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Skipping meals is a poor eating behaviour known to result in poor diet quality and health outcomes. Nevertheless, it has become increasingly common over a past few decades in many countries. This study aimed to examine the potential association between the use of workplace foodservices and skipping meals among Korean adult workers.Methods: We used data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2016–2018, a nationwide cross-sectional survey of a representative Korean population. A total of 6,845 workers aged 20–64 years were included. Dietary assessment was conducted using a 24-hour dietary recall.Results: In total, 40.9% of participants skipped one meal or more per day. The percentage of workers who skipped meals was 42.9±0.8% among the participants who did not use workplace foodservices, compared to 30.9±1.7% among those who did (P<0.01). Skipping meals was significantly associated with not using workplace foodservices, after adjusting for other confounders including sociodemographic variables, health-related variables, and meal procurement source (odds ratio=3.3; 95% confidence interval=2.7-4.0; P<0.01).Conclusions: We found a significant association between using workplace foodservices and skipping meals in Korean adult workers. This study suggests the importance of implementing dietary interventions, such as the provision of workplace foodservices for workers, to potentially reduce poor eating behaviours such as skipping meals.
The Effects of Steroids in Severe Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Li Quan , Chen Liwei , Guo Peifeng , Ma Xin , Hu Qun , Chen Lan , Yin Zhenyu , Liu Jingjing , Liu Xi , Liu Zuoliang , Yin Xinlin , Chen Xianli , Xiao Xuefei 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The efficacy of corticosteroids in the treatment of patients with severe COVID-19 remains unknown. We evaluated the impact of corticosteroids on clinical improvement among severe COVID-19 patients. In this retrospective, two-centered, cohort study, we enrolled 101 patients with severe COVID-19: with 39 patients in the steroid group and 63 patients in the non-steroid group. The primary endpoint was Time to Clinical Improvement (TTCI) by up to 28 days after the treatment. Secondary endpoints included the rate of CAT scan improvement, the percentage of negative SARS-Cov-2 RT-PCR tests by Day 28, and the time to discharge. We found that patients in the steroid group did not have significant differences of TTCI from patients in the non-steroid group by 28 days after the treatment (median, 19 days vs. 20 days; hazard ratio, 1.07; p=0.797). The CAT scan improvement rate was not statistically different between the two groups by Day 28 (87.2% vs. 79.0%, p=0.170). The negative test of SARS-CoV2 RT-PCR by Day 28 was 68.4% in the steroid group, 87.1% in the non-steroid group (p= 0.060). Time to discharge was significantly longer in the steroid group than the non-steroid group (35 days vs 21 days, p=0.005). Our findings indicated the short-term corticosteroid at a low to moderate dose did not improve the clinical outcomes for patients with severe COVID-19. Further randomized clinical trials are needed to confirm the findings.
Inflammatory cytokines depletion for severe COVID-19 infectious pneumonia: a case report
Authors: Yang Bo , Yang Jing , Zhou Lan , Xue Cheng , Li Hongxian , Hu Weifeng , Liu Nanmei 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
BackgroundIn the severe infected COVID-19 patients, besides the viral pneumonia, multi-organ/system injury could be observed. Recognizing and correcting the key and immediate dysfunctions may reduce the mortality.Case presentationHere, we report a male patient with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection from isolation Ward- Guanggu Branch of Hubei Province Maternity and Childcare Hospital, who is treated with combined inflammatory cytokines depletion therapy and convalescent plasma. The multi-modal therapy ultimately resulted in improvement of respiratory function and removal from mechanical ventilation. The case of ARDS with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection indicated the potential benefit of convalescent plasma and inflammatory cytokines depletion through combined measurements including double filtration plasma pheresis and Tocilizumab.ConclusionIt is not safe to draw causal conclusions between cytokine depletion and clinical manifestations improvement with only one case, while this would be a potential research direction in facing the COVID-19 crisis.
Vitamin D deficiency in Jordanian children with bronchial asthma : a cross sectional study
Authors: Al-Zayadneh Enas , Alnawaiseh Nedal Awad , Ajarmeh Salma , Altarawneh Areej Hamed , Albataineh Eman M. , AlZayadneh Eyas , Shatanawi Alia , Alzayadneh Ebaa M 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background : Asthma is the most common chronic diseases that affect children and its prevalence is increasing worldwide posing a great burden on healthcare systems. A growing body of evidence suggests an association between vitamin D deficiency and asthma. The current study aimed to assess serum vitamin D level in Jordanian children with bronchial asthma and to examine the correlation between vitamin D levels and asthma severity and control. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in the Pediatric Chest Clinic at AlKarak Governmental Hospital South of Jordan from May 2015 to February 2016. Serum level of 25-hydroxyvitamin-D was determined for 98 Children aged 1 to 14 years and diagnosed with bronchial asthma (6-14years) or recurrent wheezing episodes(<6 years). The severity of asthma was determined based on the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) assessment, the Asthma Control test (ACT) and the Childhood Asthma Control Test (C-ACT). The results were considered significant if P ≤.05. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 21 (IBM, Armonk, NY, United States of America, 2012). Results : Vitamin D levels were deficient and insufficient in 41(41.8%) and 34(34.7%) of asthmatic children, respectively. Only 23( 23.5%) had sufficient vitamin D levels. A significant correlation was found between the severity of asthma symptoms and vitamin D deficiency (Pearson Chi-squared=.028). Conclusion : Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent in children with bronchial asthma in Jordanian population and correlates significantly with asthma severity. Assessment of vitamin D levels in children with bronchial asthma is required in a larger scale studies in Jordan.
Association of Serum Calcium Levels With Renal Impairment and All-cause Death in Chinese Patients With Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma: A Cross-sectional, Longitudinal Study
Authors: Cheng Jun , Zhang Wen , Zhao Yi , Li Xiayu , Lv Rong , Li Heng , Chen jianghua 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: A number of studies have shown that serum calcium has a crucial role in many types of cancers. However, few studies have determined the association between serum calcium levels and renal impairment (RI) and all-cause death in Chinese patients with multiple myeloma (MM).Methods: Two hundred forty-six of 566 participants who were followed for > 6 months from a MM cohort at our institution between January 2011 and June 2017 were eligible for the retrospective study. A generalized additive model and smooth curve fitting were conducted to investigated the cross-sectional relationship between serum calcium level and RI and eGFR at baseline；Multivariate-adjusted Cox regression models were fitted to assess associations between baseline serum calcium levels and onset of end-stage renal disease(ESRD) or death in patients with MM followed for > 6 months.Results: Using the IMWG criteria,162 of 566 patients (28.6%) with newly diagnosed MM presented with RI . The mean duration of follow-up was 26.64 months. Twenty-one patients (8.54%) died and 28 patients（11.52%）had ESRD.The serum calcium level was independently associated with the occurrence of MM-related RI. There was a non-linear relationship between the serum calcium level and the presence of RI in patients with MM in the cross-sectional analysis of the baseline data. Cox regression analysis showed that baseline serum calcium levels were consistently associated with a higher risk of all-cause death after adjustment for various clinical and laboratory factors, but were not associated with the occurrence of ESRD. When patients were categorized into 2 groups according to baseline mean serum calcium level, deaths occurred in 13 patients (15.1%) with mean serum calcium level > 2.44 mmol/L compared to 8 patients (5.0%) with mean serum calcium level < 2.44 mmol/L (p < 0.05); Eighteen patients (11.46%) with a mean serum calcium level < 2.44 mmol/L progressed to ESRD compared to 13 patients (11.6%) with a serum calcium level > 2.44 mmol/L (p > 0.05).Conclusions: This observational study showed that there was a non-linear relationship between the serum calcium level and the occurrence of RI. An elevated baseline calcium level can predict all-cause death in patients with MM, but cannot predict the occurrence of ESRD, suggesting that the serum calcium level may serve as a useful clinical biomarker for the survival rate of patients with MM followed for > 6 months. Additional data from larger prospective longitudinal studies are required to validate our findings.