bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A New Model: Physician-Patient Collaboration in Online Communities and the Clinical Practice of Oncology
Authors: West Howard J. , deBronkart Dave , Demetri George D. 
Published: February 2020

Overview: The practice of medicine is in the midst of a fundamental transformation based on the new availability of health information through the Internet and other sources accessible by the broad lay public, as well as on the easy sharing of experiences and content through social media. This is occurring at a time when the volume of new information required for optimal medical care is exceeding that which an individual physician can feasibly follow and master. The changes in cancer care are especially acute as we experience an ongoing reclassification of many disease entities to reflect divisions by molecular variables, often with new clinical options now optimized for very limited patient subsets. The increasing complexity of the field, combined with the high stakes of optimizing treatment decisions and the growing availability of a wide range of information in the public domain, make oncology an area in which patients and caregivers are most motivated to become active seekers of medical information and participants in their care decisions. The credibility of the available online information in such a situation has emerged as a critical issue, but physicians have historically been reluctant to create content or interact with the lay public in online patient communities. Here we will highlight several examples of collaborative engagement between health care professionals and motivated patients in an online environment that illustrate how a new bidirectional or even networked model that is a product of the Internet age can accelerate clinical research and improve delivery of cancer care.
Stem Cell Transplantation for Multiple Myeloma: Who, When, and What Type?
Authors: Krishnan Amrita 
Published: February 2020

Overview: Early randomized trials of high-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem cell rescue showed improved progression-free survival (PFS) over conventional chemotherapy. However, in the era of novel agents for myeloma in conjunction with the evolution of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, many new questions arise. First, how can novel agents be incorporated into the transplant paradigm? Given the efficacy of new induction regimens, should transplant be delayed until relapse? Also, in the era of individualized medicine, chronologic age alone should not drive decisions regarding transplantation. Therefore, the feasibility and role of transplantation in older patients with myeloma is being studied. The controversy of transplant type (i.e., autologous compared with reduced intensity allogeneic transplant) remains unresolved. Several large international trials have demonstrated conflicting results in regard to an overall survival (OS) benefit with the allogeneic approach. The role of allogeneic transplant remains under study especially in the high-risk population, which has high relapse rates with traditional autologous approaches. Future directions to reduce relapse include post-transplantation consolidation and maintenance therapy with either approved agents or new agents and immunotherapy, either vaccine based or natural killer (NK) and T-cell based.
Optimal Use of Imaging to Guide Treatment Decisions for Kidney Cancer
Authors: Stadler Walter M. 
Published: February 2020

Overview: Treatment monitoring for solid tumors in general and for metastatic renal cancer in particular has been dominated by assessment of tumor burden via cross-sectional imaging. This poses a special problem for the mammalian target of rapamycin and vascular endothelial growth factor pathway-directed agents used in this disease. The standard RECIST metrics used to categorize “response” and “progression” are arbitrary and do not adequately capture the effect of these agents. Other approaches, including use of relative RECIST measures as a continuous variable, volumetric measurements, and functional assessments, such as dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging-based quantitative variables and fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography, have been proposed as alternatives, but the data do not support their routine clinical use. Even fewer data are available on the use of baseline imaging characteristics to choose a specific therapy. Therefore, until further research on imaging predictive and intermediate biomarkers matures, a combination of standard cross-sectional imaging and clinical judgment is the most pragmatic option for treatment decision making for patients with metastatic renal cancer.
What Is the Role of Transplantation for Indolent Lymphoma?
Authors: Cassaday Ryan D. , Gopal Ajay K. 
Published: February 2020

Overview: Despite advances in chemoimmunotherapy, indolent B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas (B-NHLs) are generally not considered curable with this approach. Much attention has been paid to the prospect of hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) as a way to improve long-term outcomes for this group of diseases. Autologous (auto) HCT provides intensive conditioning therapy followed by rescue of hematopoiesis, and this has been shown in randomized studies to prolong survival compared with more standard chemotherapy, albeit with increased short-term toxicity and the potential for higher rates of secondary malignancies. Allogeneic (allo) HCT can provide anticancer effects beyond the conditioning therapy through the immune-mediated graft-versus-lymphoma (GVL) effect. It can be administered following myeloablative (MA) conditioning or reduced-intensity (RI) regimens aimed at sufficiently suppressing the patient's immune system to allow engraftment of donor hematopoiesis. However, this same potentially curative alloreactivity of the engrafted immune system can lead to graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), a significant cause of morbidity and mortality following allo HCT. This article will discuss the current role of both auto HCT and allo HCT in the management of indolent lymphoma as well as the relative risks and benefits of each approach such that the reader can place this in context of the multitude of options available for patients with indolent B-NHL.
Surgical Options for Recurrent Uterine Sarcomas
Authors: Korets Sharmilee B. , Curtin John P. 
Published: February 2020

Overview: Leiomyosarcoma, the most frequent pure uterine sarcoma, is an aggressive tumor with a tendency toward early relapse. Survival for patients with recurrent disease is poor. In contrast, endometrial stromal sarcoma, the second most common uterine sarcoma, is a more indolent malignancy with a tendency toward recurrence after a long latency period. The relative infrequency of both diseases makes the study and standardization of treatment for recurrent disease challenging. Treatment of recurrence with cytotoxic chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or hormone therapy produces modest to poor response rates. Surgical resection is one treatment modality offering the potential for cure and perhaps a more durable response than is seen with medical management. Although initial studies focused on pulmonary metastasectomy in recurrent soft tissue sarcoma, an increasingly large body of data specifically evaluating outcomes after both thoracic and extrathoracic metastasectomy in patients with recurrent uterine sarcoma is now available. Though no prospective trials have been conducted, retrospective comparisons of chemotherapy or radiation therapy with surgery for recurrent uterine sarcoma suggest improvement in disease-specific survival for the surgery group. Clearly defined factors are associated with better prognosis after surgical resection of recurrence, including a prolonged disease-free interval and complete resection of disease. In properly selected women, surgery and even repeated metastasectomy for recurrent disease may improve survival and should be considered.
Ductal Carcinoma In Situ, and the Influence of the Mode of Detection, Population Characteristics, and Other Risk Factors
Authors: Virnig Beth A. , Wang Shi-Yi , Tuttle Todd M. 
Published: February 2020

Overview: Approximately 25% of breast cancers in the United States are diagnosed as ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). Rates of DCIS have risen from 5.8 per 100,000 women in the 1970s to 32.5 per 100,000 in 2004. This pattern is generally attributed to increased use of screening mammography. DCIS is a major risk factor for invasive breast cancer, and considerable controversy remains about whether DCIS should be considered a direct precursor of invasive breast cancer. There is, however, a general consensus that DCIS represents an intermediate step between normal breast tissue and invasive breast cancer. Although the majority of major risk factors are similar for DCIS and invasive breast cancer, prognostic factors including estrogen and progesterone receptor status and HER2 positivity are less well studied but look to have similar value in both cases. The use of postdiagnostic MRI, sentinel lymph node biopsy, surgery, radiation, and endocrine therapy are all evolving as evidence from randomized and observational studies continues to accumulate. Treatment of DCIS requires a balance between risk of overtreatment and undertreatment. Ongoing studies are focusing on whether partial-breast irradiation is as effective as whole-breast irradiation and whether treatment with endocrine therapies can reduce the likelihood of either invasive breast cancer or DCIS recurrence. In general, treatment decisions should take into account the likelihood that an apparent case of DCIS could harbor foci of invasive disease.
Radiation in Rectal Cancer: What Are the Options and If/When Can It Be Avoided?
Authors: Goodman Karyn A. 
Published: February 2020

Overview: Treatment of rectal cancer has improved greatly over recent decades. This review looks at the pivotal trials in the development of the current standard of therapy as well as new directions for more individualized therapy for rectal cancer. Rates of local recurrence and overall survival (OS) for surgery alone have improved with the use of (neo)adjuvant 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-based chemoradiation. New surgical techniques have improved outcomes, but preoperative radiotherapy still confers an additional benefit. Despite benefits in the metastatic setting, the addition of oxaliplatin to 5-FU and radiotherapy has not shown improved outcomes, although it increased toxicity. Preoperative therapy also allows for the identification of predictive and prognostic markers for response to treatment, which has great potential to individualize treatment. Currently, the search for validated biomarkers and the refinement of risk stratification are the focus of ongoing study. Tailored therapy may include modification of the pelvic radiotherapy field, nonoperative therapy, or avoidance of radiotherapy.
In medias res – the mediation conundrum
Authors: Mateus Samuel 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIt was not until the emergence, in the 19th century, of new technical devices – such as the telegraph and the phonograph – that the term medius came to serve as a collective noun (media) for advanced communication technologies. Although mediation is extensively theorized in philosophy and sociology, and is approached by medium theory and media studies, the concept remains undertheorized in the field of communication theory.By exploring the problem of mediation and by challenging its representationalist and transmissive accounts, this paper posits mediation beyond the medium. It traces mediation as a relational principle which can be best understood as modulation involving inherent translation, inflection and movement. Mediation is not a simple transportation of meaning through a passive intermediary. It is not just something which stands or comes between things otherwise separated or opposed. Mediation is neither a middle-thing linking separate entities, nor do things get mediated: They are already forms of mediation. Mediation is, foremost, a connecting mean that generates modified experiences and relations, a modulating process that re-connects at the moment it separates.
On Determinant Expansions for Hankel Operators
Authors: Blower Gordon , Chen Yang 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Let w be a semiclassical weight that is generic in Magnus’s sense, and

(

p

n

)

n
=
0

∞

({p_n})_{n = 0}^\infty

the corresponding sequence of orthogonal polynomials. We express the Christoffel–Darboux kernel as a sum of products of Hankel integral operators. For ψ ∈ L∞
(iℝ), let W(ψ) be the Wiener-Hopf operator with symbol ψ. We give sufficient conditions on ψ such that 1/ det W(ψ) W(ψ−1) = det(I − Γϕ

1
Γϕ

2) where Γϕ

1 and Γϕ

2 are Hankel operators that are Hilbert–Schmidt. For certain, ψ Barnes’s integral leads to an expansion of this determinant in terms of the generalised hypergeometric 2m
F
2m-1. These results extend those of Basor and Chen [2], who obtained 4
F
3 likewise. We include examples where the Wiener–Hopf factors are found explicitly.
Electrochemical reduction mechanism of several oxides of refractory metals in FClNaKmelts
Authors: Li Hui , Jia Lei , Wang Jing , Liang Jing-long , Yan Hong-yan , Cai Zong-ying , Wang Le 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe dissolution characteristics and electrochemical reduction mechanism of oxides of refractory metals ZrO2, HfO2and MoO3in NaCl-KCl-NaF melts are studied. The results shows that there are no chemical reaction of ZrO2and HfO2in NaCl-KCl-NaF melts, the dissolution of MoO3is chemically dissolved, and MoO3reactwith melts to form Na2Mo2O7. The reduction process of zirconium in the NaCl-KCl-NaF-ZrO2melts is a reversible process of one-step electron transfer controlled by diffusion. The electrochemical reduction process of ruthenium is a one-step reversible process and the product is insoluble; Electrochemical reduction of metallic molybdenum in melts is controlled by the diffusion and electron transfer process of active ion Mo2O27−. The electrochemical reduction process of the metal molybdenum in the melts is carried out in two steps.
Study on utterances of administrative law enforcement in van Dijk’s critical discourse analysis
Authors: Wu Jingjing , Sun Yuxiu 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis study explores the administrative law enforcement from three perspectives, namely, discourse, cognition and society, according to van Dijk’s theory of critical discourse studies. “Discourse” is the essential linguistic analysis of administrative law enforcement, which may lead to the tension between law-executors and law-breakers, as well as to ease the conflicts and achieve the balance, so that the discourse mode with considerable tolerance and explanation is of great significance for improving the current practice of administrative law enforcement. “Cognition” deals with psychological model based on cognitive and social psychology. In the interaction of administrative law enforcement, the social roles are institutionalized by the context, which is achieved through knowledge background, cognitive methods, communicative purpose, role expectations and information transmission. “Society” focuses on the investigation of institutions, powers and groups based on sociology. There are normative factors and non-normative variables in the administrative law enforcement: the former refers to superior will, judicial review, supervision and defense of law-breaker, while the latter involves administrative habits and experience, natural emotions, interest and mass media. In the institutional context, social variables affect the implementation of administrative law enforcement in different discourse modes.
Filterrotationsspektrometer für den Nachweis von Ethen im ppb-Bereich
Authors: Eberhardt André , Bauersfeld Marie-Luise , Schmitt Katrin , Wöllenstein Jürgen 
Published: February 2020

Zusammenfassung
Ethen (Ethylen,

C

2

H

4

{\text{C}_{2}}{\text{H}_{4}}

) ist eines der wichtigsten Phytohormone im Reifungsprozess klimakterischer Früchte. Die Menge des emittierten Ethens liefert Informationen über den aktuellen Reifezustand dieser Früchte. Deshalb können Ethensensoren in der Lieferkette für die Umsetzung fortschrittlicher Logistik-Prozesse wie dem First-Expired-First-Out-Prozess (FEFO) eingesetzt werden. Diese Arbeit beschreibt den aktuellen Stand der Entwicklung eines kostengünstigen Filterrotationsspektrometers für den Nachweis von Ethen in der klimakterischen Reifephase von Früchten. Das Spektrometer basiert im Wesentlichen auf Komponenten, die auch in nichtdispersiven Infrarotsensoren (NDIR) zum Einsatz kommen. Durch eine modellbasierte Auswertung der gemessenen Spektren konnte die Stabilität eines ersten Laborprototyps gegenüber klassischen NDIR-Sensoren deutlich verbessert werden. In Verbindung mit einer optimierten Langwegzelle wurde eine Nachweisgrenze von 150 ppb erreicht. Simulationen haben außerdem gezeigt, dass sich dieses Prinzip auch für die quantitative Bestimmung potentieller Querempfindlichkeitsgase wie Ammoniak (

NH

3

{\text{NH}_{3}}

) und Kohlenstoffdioxid (

CO

2

{\text{CO}_{2}}

) eignet. Durch Verknüpfung der Simulations- und Messergebnisse wird eine Nachweisgrenze von 0,19 % für

CO

2

{\text{CO}_{2}}

und 62 ppb für

NH

3

{\text{NH}_{3}}

erwartet.
Increasing Life Span of Government Housings of Chandigarh – A Need-Based Approach to Retrofit Through Prototype Study of E-Type Housing
Authors: PREETI PAHWA  , ANISH SHARMA  
Published: February 2020

This paper describes a project undertaken by the authors during their post-graduate studies at the University of Shefield. The intent of the project was to identify building(s) that need up-gradation/retroit, establish why retroit is required, what kind of retroit is needed and which techniques to employ, using a case-sensitive approach. However, the scope of this paper is limited to the irst two objectives of the project and the recognition of retroit techniques is left open-ended so as to leave room for future debates and deliberations.The city of Chandigarh has always been highlight prominently on India’s architectural heritage map. Various buildings designed by Le Corbusier and his team (comprising Pierre Jeanerette, Jane Drew and Maxwell Fry) are like jewels (to be treasured) on this map. Still, ever since these buildings, especially the government housings, came into existence, no systematic procedures have been undertaken to analyse and assess their deterioration with time and usage. Passing down the streets of Chandigarh, one would observe how drastically the housings have been modiied, and in some cases, have lost their original appeal.The paper is essentially drafted in three parts. The irst part illustrates the conditions and political background in which these buildings were designed, so as to better understand the essence of this architecture. The second part tries to comprehend the current state of one of the many types of the Government Housings present in Chandigarh – the ‘House Type E1’ in Panjab University. Lastly, the authors use various scales, like present seismic byelaws and Computer Aided simulation tools, to evaluate how the given housing now fares in terms of structural stability and thermal & visual comfort.
Екоморфи дерново-літогенних ґрунтів на червоно-бурих глинах
Authors: Zhukov A. V. , Zadorozhnaya G. А. 
Published: February 2020

Досліджено просторову варіабельність твердості дерново-літогенного ґрунту ді-лянки рекультивації Нікопольського марганцево-рудного басейну по регулярнійсітці (105 точок). Зроблено екоморфічний аналіз рослинності. Встановлено ступінь просторової залежності показників твердості досліджуваного ґрунту пошарово че-рез кожні 5 см на глибину 50 см. Побудовано карти просторового розподілу показни-ків твердості технозему по шарах. Спряженість варіацій зовнішніх ознак з просторо-вою гетерогенністю ґрунту підтверджує екологічний характер формування виявле-них ґрунтових структур – екоморф – та дає можливість їх змістовного опису.
Development and modern state of gardens and parks of former iron mines at Kryvorizhzhya
Authors: Savosko V. M. , Tovstolyak N. V. 
Published: February 2020

The aim of the study to analyze the development and modern state of the gardens and parks of the former iron mines at Kryvorizhzhya.
During 2013-2017, nine objects of landscape and park at Kryvorizhzhya were explored. Among them were: 1) seven operating parks («Ternivskyi», «Shakhtarskyi», «Zatyshnyi», Suvorov sports park, park near the Palace of Culture of mine «Rodina», «Saksahanskyi», «Rudanivskyi»), one abandonment park in the exclusion zone (Park of mine «Hvardiiska»), one garden of hotel «Park House» (private property). Initially, a historical description of the above objects of landscaping, as well as their structural and functional organization was presented. In the future, in the field conditions, by the route method, the present state of the gardens and parks was investigated and the general level of development of their shoots and shrubs was determined.
System creation of gardens and parks on the territory of former iron mines of Kryvorizhzhya began in the 30's of the 20th century, and became massive in the 50's and 60's of the twentieth century. After 80 years of the 20th century there was a change in their owners, a decrease in their social status and the cessation of necessary expenses for their maintenance.
At the beginning of the XXI century, among the gardens and parks of the former iron mines of Kryvorizhzhya, in the best condition is the Garden of the Hotel «Park House», which incorporates modern garden and park technology.
Now the parks «Shakhtarskyi» and «Saksahanskyi» have the official status – the district parks of the city. The park «Ternivskyi» has the informal status of the main park of the neighborhood.
That's why all these parks are actively used, and their territory is relatively well-groomed. Simultaneously others Parks («Zatyshnyi», near the Palace of Culture of mine «Rodina» and «Rudanivskyi») turned out to be less popular for visitors and less for owners. Therefore, their area and plantations - only partially well-groomed. Suvorov sports park, as well as Park of mine «Hvardiiska» are most de-structured. Therefore, their territory is practically unhealthy and the species composition of trees and shrubs degrades.
In general, the current state of the gardens and parks of the former iron mines of Kryvorizhzhya depends on «social demand», the degree of their remoteness from residential areas and containment technologies. The obtained results can be used during the development and substantiation of the system of measures for optimization of existing and designing of new garden and park plantings in industrial regions. In further research it is expedient to analyze the environmental conditions of the gardens and parks of the former iron mines of Kryvorizhzhya, as well as the floristic composition and the condition of woody-shrub species. In addition, it makes sense to expand the list of these mines and explore the gardens and parks of inactive mines to them May 1 and Ingulets.
Bulk polycrystalline ceria–doped Al2O3 and YAG ceramics for high-power density laser-driven solid-state white lighting: Effects of crystallinity and extreme temperatures
Authors: Penilla Elias H. , Sellappan Pathikumar , Duarte Matthew A. , Wieg Andrew T. , Wingert Matthew C. , Garay Javier E. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract