bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Colorectal cancer treated by resection and extended lymphadenectomy: patterns of spread in left- and right-sided tumours
Authors: Kataoka K , Beppu N , Shiozawa M , Ikeda M , Tomita N , Kobayashi H , Sugihara K , Ceelen W 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background
Whether tumour side affects the anatomical extent and distribution of lymph node metastasis in colon cancer is unknown. The impact of tumour side on the anatomical pattern of lymphatic spread in colon cancer was assessed.

Methods
Patients with stage III colon cancer from a Japanese multi-institutional database who underwent extensive (D3) lymphadenectomy, which is similar in concept to complete mesocolic excision with central venous ligation, were divided into groups with right- and left-sided tumours. Based on location, mesenteric lymph nodes were categorized as paracolic (L1), intermediate (L2) or central (L3). The Kaplan–Meier method was used to evaluate disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS), and multivariable Cox models were used to evaluate the association between anatomical lymph node level, metastatic pattern and outcome.

Results
A total of 4034 patients with stage III colon cancer (right 1618, left 2416) were included. Unadjusted OS was worse in patients with right colon cancer (hazard ratio 1·23, 95 per cent c.i. 1·08 to 1·40; P = 0·002), but DFS was similar. Right-sided tumours more frequently invaded L3 nodes than left-sided lesions (8·5 versus 3·7 per cent; P &lt; 0·001). The proportion of patients with a skipped pattern of lymphatic spread was higher in right than in left colon cancer (13·7 versus 9·0 per cent; P &lt; 0·001). In multivariable analysis, invasion of L3 nodes was associated with worse OS in left but not in right colon cancer. The presence of skipped metastasis was associated with worse DFS in left, but not right, colon cancer.

Conclusion
There are significant differences in the pattern of lymph node invasion between right- and left-sided stage III colon cancer, and in their prognostic significance, suggesting that tumour side may dictate the operative approach.
Prognostic model for identifying candidates for hepatectomy among patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatic vein invasion
Authors: Zhang X-P , Wang K , Gao Y-Z , Wei X-B , Lu C-D , Chai Z-T , Zhen Z-J , Li J , Yang D-H , Zhou D , Fan R-F , Yan M-L , Xia Y-J , Liu B , Huang Y-Q , Zhang F , Hu Y-R , Zhong C-Q , Lin J-H , Fang K-P , Cheng Z-H , Wu M-C , Lau W Y , Cheng S-Q 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background
Hepatic vein tumour thrombus (HVTT) is a major determinant of survival outcomes for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). An Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital (EHBH)-HVTT model was established to predict the prognosis of patients with HCC and HVTT after liver resection, in order to identify optimal candidates for liver resection.

Methods
Patients with HCC and HVTT from 15 hospitals in China were included. The EHBH-HVTT model with contour plot was developed using a non-linear model in the training cohort, and subsequently validated in internal and external cohorts.

Results
Of 850 patients who met the inclusion criteria, there were 292 patients who had liver resection and 198 who did not in the training cohort, and 124 and 236 in the internal and external validation cohorts respectively. Contour plots for the EHBH-HVTT model were established to predict overall survival (OS) rates of patients visually, based on tumour diameter, number of tumours and portal vein tumour thrombus. This differentiated patients into low- and high-risk groups with distinct long-term prognoses in the liver resection cohort (median OS 34·7 versus 12·0 months; P &lt; 0·001), internal validation cohort (32·8 versus 10·4 months; P = 0·002) and external validation cohort (15·2 versus 6·5 months; P = 0·006). On subgroup analysis, the model showed the same efficacy in differentiating patients with HVTT in peripheral and major hepatic veins, the inferior vena cava, or in patients with coexisting portal vein tumour thrombus.

Conclusion
The EHBH-HVTT model was accurate in predicting prognosis in patients with HCC and HVTT after liver resection. It identified optimal candidates for liver resection among patients with HCC and HVTT, including tumour thrombus in the inferior vena cava, or coexisting portal vein tumour thrombus.
Determination of toosendanin and trans‐anethole in Fructus Meliae Toosendan and Fructus Foeniculi by HPLC–MS/MS and GC–MS/MS in rat plasma and their potential herb–herb interactions
Authors: Yu Jiaoyan , Zhang Ruitao , Zhang Tian , Zhao Jun , Zhang Yang , Wang Qingwei , Liu Linna , Xu Yuan , Shi Lei 
Published: April 2020

AbstractEthnopharmacological relevanceThe objective of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) combination theory is to “reduce toxicity and increase efficiency”, especially to solve the liver toxicity of many TCMs. Fructus Meliae Toosendan (CLZ)–Fructus Foeniculi (XHX) is a typical traditional Chinese herb pair that decreases the toxicity and increases the efficiency of the herbs. Fructus Meliae Toosendan (CLZ, cold‐natured) has significant liver toxicity. However, it has been widely used in combination with Fructus Foeniculi (XHX, hot‐natured) for thousands of years in TCM, in which form it shows no hepatotoxicity, indicating that the combined use of XHX and CLZ can reduce the hepatotoxicity of CLZ. Herb–herb interactions could affect herb pharmacokinetics and in vivo efficacy. The herb–herb interactions between CLZ and XHX are still unknown.Materials and methodsThis study used liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS) and gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (GC–MS) to establish methods for detecting toosendanin and trans‐anethole, the main active substances of CLZ and XHX, respectively. Additionally, we investigated their herb–herb interactions via pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies.ResultsThe results indicate that the established analytical methods are suitable for detecting toosendanin and trans‐anethole, and the methodology meets the requirements of biological sample testing methods. Compared with the CLZ group, the pharmacokinetic parameters Cmax, AUC(0–t), AUC(0–∞), MRT(0–t) and MRT(0–∞) of toosendanin in the CLZ–XHX group notably decreased and the values of Vz/F remarkably increased. Compared with the XHX group, the pharmacokinetic parameters Cmax, AUC0–t, AUC0–∞, Tmax and t1/2z of trans‐anethole notably increased in the CLZ–XHX group, and the values of CLz/F and Vz/F obviously decreased.ConclusionThe pharmacokinetic results indicate that XHX can significantly decrease the absorption and bioavailability and accelerate the elimination process of toosendanin in CLZ. XHX could decrease the risk of in vivo accumulation of the toxic constituent of CLZ, toosendanin, thus decreasing its toxicity. It has also been shown that CLZ can significantly increase absorption and bioavailability and attenuate the elimination process of trans‐anethole in XHX, thus enhancing its efficacy. Hepatotoxicity studies indicate that CLZ has significant hepatotoxicity, and its combined use with XHX can decrease its liver‐damaging properties.
Cladosporactone A, a Unique Polyketide with 7‐Methylisochromen‐3‐one Skeleton from the Deep‐Sea‐Derived Fungus Cladosporium cladosporioides
Authors: He Zhi‐Hui , Zhang Gang , Yan Qin‐Xiang , Zou Zhen‐Biao , Xiao Hong‐Xiu , Xie Chun‐Lan , Tang Xi‐Xiang , Luo Lian‐Zhong , Yang Xian‐Wen 
Published: April 2020

AbstractA unique polyketide cladosporactone A along with eight known compounds were isolated from the deep‐sea‐derived Cladosporium cladosporioides. The structure of cladosporactone A was established by spectroscopic analyses, and the absolute configuration was clarified by the theoretical ECD calculation. Cladosporactone A is the first member of polyketide with the 7‐methylisochromen‐3‐one skeleton.
Perylene Diimide‐Based Conjugated Polymers for All‐Polymer Solar Cells
Authors: Shi Qinqin , Wu Jianfei , Wu Xiaoxi , Peng Aidong , Huang Hui 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn recent decades, non‐fullerene acceptors (NFAs) are undergoing rapid development and emerging as a hot area in the field of organic solar cells. Among the high‐performance non‐fullerene acceptors, aromatic diimide‐based electron acceptors remain to be highly promising systems. This review discusses the important progress of perylene diimide (PDI)‐based polymers as non‐fullerene acceptors in all‐polymer solar cells (all‐PSCs) since 2014. The relationship between structure and property, matching aspects between donors and acceptors, and device fabrications are unveiled from a synthetic chemist perspective.
In Situ Study on Ni–Mo Stability in a Water‐Splitting Device: Effect of Catalyst Substrate and Electric Potential
Authors: Wijten Jochem H. J. , Mandemaker Laurens D. B. , van Eeden Tess C. , Dubbeld Jeroen E. , Weckhuysen Bert M. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractNickel–molybdenum (Ni–Mo) alloys are well studied as highly effective electrocatalyst cathodes for water splitting. Understanding deactivation pathways is a key to improving the performance of these catalysts. In this study, in situ characterization by UV/Vis spectroscopy and AFM of the morphology and Mo leaching of an Ni–Mo electrocatalyst was performed with the goal of understanding the stability and related Mo leaching mechanism. Switching the potential towards higher overpotentials results in a nonlinear change in Mo leaching. Multiple processes are proposed to take place, such as a decrease in the extent of Mo oxidation at the cathode induced by more strongly reducing potentials, while simultaneously the increase in the local pH at the cathode due to the hydrogen evolution reaction causes more Mo leaching. The change in capacitance of these materials depends strongly on the change in surface composition and not only on the surface area. In situ UV/Vis spectroscopy showed that Mo leaching is a continuous process over the course of 4 h of operation. Finally, the material was deposited on different substrates and the effect on Ni–Mo stability was studied. The substrate has a significant, albeit complex, influence on the stability and activity of Ni–Mo cathodes. In terms of stability in 1 m KOH, Ni–Mo was found to be best deposited on stainless steel substrates operated at low overpotentials, on which it showed nearly no change in capacitance and exhibited low Mo leaching.
Strain Dependence of Metal Anode Surface Properties
Authors: Stottmeister Daniel , Groß Axel 
Published: April 2020

AbstractDendrite growth poses a significant problem in the design of modern batteries as it can lead to capacity loss and short‐circuiting. Recently, it has been proposed that self‐diffusion barriers might be used as a descriptor for the occurrence of dendrite growth in batteries. As surface strain effects can modify dendritic growth, we present first‐principles DFT calculations of the dependence of metal self‐diffusion barriers on applied surface strain for a number of metals that are used as charge carriers in batteries. Overall, we find a rather small strain dependence of the barriers. We mainly attribute this to cancellation effects in the strain dependence of the initial and the transition states in diffusion.
Risk of heart failure in type 2 diabetes complicated by incident ischaemic heart disease and end‐stage renal disease
Authors: Malik Mariam E. , Madelaire Christian , D'Souza Maria , Blanche Paul , Kristensen Søren L. , Kistorp Caroline , Gustafsson Finn , Køber Lars , Rørth Rasmus , McMurray John , Sattar Naveed , Gislason Gunnar , Torp‐Pedersen Christian , Schou Morten 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAimsTo evaluate the risk of heart failure (HF) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) complicated by development of intercurrent ischaemic heart disease (IHD), end‐stage renal disease (ESRD), or both, compared to patients with T2D and no IHD and
ESRD.Methods and resultsFrom Danish nationwide registries, we identified all patients with new‐onset T2D with no history of HF between 1998 and 2015. Landmark analyses were used to estimate the 5‐year absolute risk of HF at several follow‐up times, and accounted for the occurrence of IHD and ESRD, identified before HF. The Aalen–Johansen estimator was used to account for censoring and the competing risk of death. A total of 285 024 patients with new‐onset T2D were included. During follow‐up, 19 960 developed incident HF. Among patients with T2D free of HF 5 years after T2D diagnosis, patients without IHD and ESRD had the lowest 5‐year risk of HF [4.02%; 95% confidence interval (CI) 3.90–4.15), those with T2D complicated by IHD [11.51%; relative risk (RR) 2.86; 95% CI 2.72–3.02; P < 0.001] or ESRD (8.11%; RR 2.02; 95% CI 1.39–2.93; P < 0.001) an intermediate risk, and those with both IHD and ESRD (19.76%; RR 4.92; 95% CI 3.43–7.05; P < 0.001) the highest
risk.ConclusionPatients with T2D complicated by development of intercurrent IHD, ESRD, or both, showed a significantly higher risk of HF compared to those who did not develop IHD and ESRD. An effective way to delay or prevent the development of HF in patients with T2D may be to prevent IHD and
ESRD.
Adaptive numerical modeling using the hierarchical Fup basis functions and control volume isogeometric analysis
Authors: Kamber Grgo , Gotovac Hrvoje , Kozulić Vedrana , Malenica Luka , Gotovac Blaž 
Published: April 2020

SummaryA novel adaptive algorithm that is based on new hierarchical Fup (HF) basis functions and a control volume formulation is presented. Because of its similarity to the concept of isogeometric analysis (IGA), we refer to it as control volume isogeometric analysis (CV‐IGA). Among other interesting properties, the IGA introduced k‐refinement as advanced version of hp‐refinement, where every basis function of the nth order from one resolution level are replaced by a linear combination of more basis functions of the n+1th order at the next resolution level. However, k‐refinement can be performed only on whole domain, while local adaptive k‐refinement is not possible with classical B‐spline basis functions. HF basis functions (infinitely differentiable splines) satisfy partition of unity, and they are linearly independent and locally refinable. Their main feature is execution of the adaptive local hp‐refinement because any basis function of the nth order from one resolution level can be replaced by a linear combination of more basis functions of the n+1th order at the next resolution level providing spectral convergence order. The comparison between uniform vs hierarchical adaptive solutions is demonstrated, and it is shown that our adaptive algorithm returns the desired accuracy while strongly improving the efficiency and controlling the numerical error. In addition to the adaptive methodology, a stabilization procedure is applied for advection‐dominated problems whose numerical solutions “suffer” from spurious oscillations. Stabilization is added only on lower resolution levels, while higher resolution levels ensure an accurate solution and produce a higher convergence order. Since the focus of this article is on developing HF basis functions and adaptive CV‐IGA, verification is performed on the stationary one‐dimensional boundary value problems.
A third‐order compact nonlinear scheme for compressible flow simulations
Authors: Tian Zhuangzhuang , Wang Guangxue , Zhang Fan , Zhang Huaibao 
Published: April 2020

SummaryReynolds‐averaged Navier‐Stokes simulations based on second‐order numerical methods are widely used by commercial codes and work as dominating tools for most industrial applications. They, however, suffer from limitations in accurate and reliable predictions of skin‐friction drag and aerodynamic heating, as well as in simulations of complex flows such as large‐scale separation and transition. A remedy for this is the development of high‐order schemes, by which numerically induced dissipation and dispersion errors of low‐order schemes can be effectively reduced. Weighted compact nonlinear schemes (WCNSs) are a family of high‐resolution nonlinear shock‐capturing methods. A stencil‐selection procedure is introduced in the proposed work with an aim to improve the nonlinear weight of the third‐order WCNS. By using the approximate dispersion relation analysis, it is demonstrated that the new scheme has reduced dissipation and dispersion errors, compared with WCNSs using two typical nonlinear weights. Improvements are also achieved by the new scheme in numerical tests such as the double Mach reflection problem and the Rayleigh‐Taylor instability simulation, which are characterized by strong shock discontinuities and rich small scales, respectively. The new scheme is therefore highly favored in the simulation of flow problems involving strong discontinuities and multiscales phenomena.
Quasigroups constructed from perfect Mendelsohn designs with block size 4
Authors: Griggs Terry S. , Drápal Aleš , Kozlik Andrew R. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractSeveral varieties of quasigroups obtained from perfect Mendelsohn designs with block size 4 are defined. One of these is obtained from the so‐called directed standard construction and satisfies the law and another satisfies Stein's third law . Such quasigroups which satisfy the flexible law are investigated and characterized. Quasigroups which satisfy both of the laws and are shown to exist. Enumeration results for perfect Mendelsohn designs PMD(9, 4) and PMD(12, 4) as well as for (nonperfect) Mendelsohn designs MD(8, 4) are given.
Pre‐genetics clinic resource evaluation for adults with intellectual disability: The pre‐genetics clinic aid
Authors: Kotwal Huafrin , Fleming Jane , Barlow‐Stewart Kristine , Boyle Jackie , Silberbauer Letitia , Leffler Melanie , Murray Lucinda , Palmer Elizabeth E. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPeople with intellectual disability (PWID) consistently identify the importance of health service information that is accessible and relevant. Resources tailored to the information and support needs of PWID can facilitate inclusivity in their health care (including access to genomic medicine) and improve healthcare outcomes. Despite the fact that PWID are commonly referred to genetics services, there is a lack of appropriate resources to help them prepare for their appointments. We therefore aimed to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of a booklet for PWID to read with their carers prior to their genetics appointment, to help them prepare for what they may experience. With input from Easy to Read experts and PWID who were members of the New South Wales (NSW) Council for Intellectual Disability, the information booklet ‘Getting ready for your visit to the genetics clinic’ was produced. Australian healthcare professionals (HCP) familiar with clinical genetics services were invited to complete an anonymous online survey designed to assess perceived relevance, readability, and utility of the resource. Recruitment of HCPs was pursued via affiliated clinical services and email distribution through clinical genetics organizations. Sixty‐six HCPs completed and submitted the survey. The results demonstrated that HCPs believed the booklet represented a typical clinical genetics service appointment and that the majority would provide a copy of the resource to clients and their carers. They reported that the booklet was easy to understand and entailed appropriate content and images which were presented clearly and simply. Some minor modifications were recommended and incorporated into the resource. A model of customizable booklets such as this could be transferrable across clinical genetics services and guide development of other resources for PWID. This may help to reduce healthcare disparities, improve client satisfaction, and facilitate involvement of PWID in their own healthcare decisions.
Serological screening for celiac disease in adults in Japan: Shimane CoHRE study
Authors: Fukunaga Mai , Ishimura Norihisa , Abe Takafumi , Takeda Miwako , Isomura Minoru , Kinoshita Yoshikazu , Ishihara Shunji 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackground and AimCeliac disease (CD) is a chronic autoimmune enteropathy triggered by ingested gluten in genetically predisposed individuals. Although common in Europe and the United States, cases of CD are rarely encountered in East Asia, including Japan, and its prevalence remains to be fully evaluated in a large‐scale study. We previously investigated the presence of CD in adults in Japan, which revealed a low prevalence of 1 (0.05%) of 2008 nonclinical subjects, while 1 (2.1%) of 47 symptomatic patients was diagnosed based on serology and duodenal histopathology results. To confirm those results, we conducted an additional retrospective serological screening study of adults in Japan.MethodsSerum samples were collected from 2055 adults who underwent a health examination in four local areas of Shimane prefecture in Japan from July 2008 to August 2013. As a screening test for CD, the antitissue transglutaminase IgA antibody (TTG) titer was determined in all subjects, and a value greater than 10 U/mL was considered to be evidence of CD.ResultsOf the 2055 subjects, 4 (0.19%) showed a high concentration of TTG. Although two of the four who were seropositive had died at the time of this retrospective study, none reported prominent digestive symptoms such as diarrhea or weight loss in a follow‐up survey.ConclusionsAmong a general population in Japan, a positive rate of serological tests for CD was noted in 0.19%, indicating quite a low presence, consistent with our previous results.
Zinc finger protein 750(ZNF750), negatively regulated by miR‐17‐5p, inhibits proliferation, motility and invasion of colonic cancer cells
Authors: Qu Jie , Zhang Xiuqin , Lv Xiying 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe present study aimed to investigate the expression, function and clinical implication of zinc finger protein 750 (ZNF750) in colonic cancer and explore the mechanism of its dysregulation.MethodsThe expression of ZNF750 in 76 pairs of colonic cancer tissues was determined using immunohistochemistry. The expression of ZNF750 in colonic cancer cells was detected using western blotting. The correlation between the expression level of ZNF750 and clinicopathological parameters in patients with colonic cancer was analyzed using a chi‐squared test. CCK‐8 and colony formation assays were used to monitor cell proliferation. Additionally, flow cytometry was used to detect apoptosis of cells; scratch healing and Transwell assays were conducted to evaluate the migration and invasion of cells. Ultimately, the binding relationship between miR‐17‐5p and ZNF750 was validated using western blotting, a real‐time polymerase chaub reaction and a dual‐luciferase reporter gene assay.ResultsThe expression level of ZNF750 in colonic cancer tissues, as well as colonic cancer cell lines, was significantly down‐regulated. Low expression of ZNF750 was associated with larger tumor size and poor tumor differentiation. The over‐expression of ZNF750 inhibited the proliferation, motility and invasion but promoted the apoptosis of colonic cancer cells. After the cells were transfected with miR‐17‐5p mimics, the expression of ZNF750 at both mRNA and protein levels was markedly decreased, whereas the expression of ZNF750 was markedly increased after transfection of miR‐17‐5p inhibitors. MiR‐17‐5p could suppresses the malignant biological behaviors via negatively regulating ZNF750.ConclusionsZNF750 is negatively regulated by miR‐17‐5p and inhibits the progression of colonic cancer.