bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LPS-stimulated Macrophage Exosomes Inhibit Inflammation by Activating the Nrf2&nbsp;/ HO-1 Defense Pathway and Promote Wound Healing in Diabetic Rats
Authors: Li Daoyong , Wu Chao , Tian He , Mao Liang , Gao Zhanshan , Xia Nan , liu chang , Mei Xifan 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background:Impaired wound healing is one of the important complications of diabetes. However, the specific pathogenesis is still unclear, and there is no effective treatment. Macrophages pretreated with chemical or biological factors may increase the biological activity of macrophage-derived exosomes, which is expected to become a new effective treatment method. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the exosomes secreted by macrophages pretreated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) have better anti-inflammatory and angiogenic abilities in the treatment of diabetic wound healing and their underlying molecular mechanisms.Methods:In this study, macroscopical, biochemical, histological, immunofluorescence and molecular biology methods were used to evaluate the potential protective mechanism and effect of lipopolysaccharide stimulated macrophage exosomes (LPS-Exos) on wound healing in streptozotocin induced hyperglycemia rats.In the in vivo experiment, the percentages of wound closure and contraction were compared and analyzed on the 7th, 14th, and 21st day after treatment by grouping treatments with different concentrations of LPS-Exos.At the same time, hematoxylin and eosin staining (HE), Masson staining, immunofluorescence staining and Western blotting (WB) were used for histological analysis of the wound tissue on the 14th day after injury to evaluate the impact of different treatment methods on wound healing.In in vitro experiments, the ability of endothelial cells related to proliferation, migration, tube formation and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were tested.At the same time, in vivo and in vitro experiments, the effect of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway on LPS-Exos in inhibiting inflammation and promoting angiogenesis was evaluated by using exosome-specific inhibitors.Results:LPS-Exos reduced the content of ROS and MDA in the wound tissue of hyperglycemic rats, increased the activity of SOD and the production of GSH-Px, activated the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, inhibited the expression of inflammation-related proteins, and promoted blood vessels generate. The group given exosome inhibitors reversed this phenomenon.Conclusions: LPS-Exos may activate the Nrf2/HO-1 defense pathway, improve endothelial cell function, inhibit oxidative damage and inflammation, and promote wound healing in diabetic rats, thereby having the potential to treat diabetic skin defects.
Theoretical Analysis and Experimental Research of Surface Texture Hydrodynamic Lubrication
Authors: Li Dan , YANG Xuefeng , Yuanbo Wu , Jian Cheng , Shouren Wang , Zhuang Wan , Wenbo Liu , Guofeng Xia 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This paper established a mathematical model of hydrodynamic lubrication through theoretical analysis, solved the key variables of the mathematical model through simulation and validated the mathematical model using the experimental results. The purpose is to summarize a set of surface texture theory and optimal selection equations for complex working conditions. After comparing the experimental results with the results obtained by the mathematical model, it is found that the two are basically the same in the ranking of the anti-friction properties of different textures, and there is an error of 10%-40% in the friction coefficient value.
Establishment of a Rapid Breeding System for Bletilla Striata
Authors: Mi zeyuan , Lv dinghao , Liu shuai , Zhao guangming , Wang shiqiang , Niu junfeng , Wang zhezhi 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BackgroundBletilla striata (Thunb. ex A. Murray) Rchb. f., a species of perennial herb of orchidaceae has remarkable effects and high economic value; thus it has been intensively studied by many scholars. Although this herb has numerous seeds, the germination rate is exceptionally low, which leads to decreased of germplasm resources and increased market demands year by year. ResultsWith the aim of addressing this issue, the present study included the aseptic germination system and the direct seeding technology system. On the basis of Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium, 2.0 mg/L 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA) and 1.0 mg/L naphthylacetic acid (NAA) were added prior to seed germination, 70 g/L banana juice and 0.5 mg/L NAA were added when rooting, after which the seedlings were transplanted into a mixed substrate of humus, river sand and bark (3:1:1). The direct seeding system consists of a seedling base and substrate treatment, sowing and seedling raising, seedling growth and transplanting, etc. Turfy soil, huangjiang residue and river sand were selected as the substrate. The results revealed that the germination rate was increased to 91.8%, while the plantlet regeneration was increased to 82.0%. Following 180 days of cultivation, the plants could be transplanted as finished seedlings.ConclusionsThe establishment of this B. striata seedling system provides a safe, rapid, reliable production technology route for its industrial development.
Protective Potential of Uric Acid, Folic Acid, Glutathione and Ascorbic Acid Against the Formation of Toxic Met-Myoglobin
Authors: Al Abdulmonem Waleed , Aljohani Abdullah S. M. , Alhumaydhi Fahad A. , Mousa Amira H.M. , Rasheed Zafar 
Published: September 2020

Background:
Myoglobin is an oxygen binding protein and its dysfunction has been associated
with the pathology of several human disorders. This study was undertaken to investigation
the role of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in the formation of met-myoglobin and the protective potential
of four different reductants such as uric acid, folic acid, glutathione and ascorbic acid were also
tested against met-myoglobin formation.

Methods:
Human myoglobin was treated with H2O2 in-vitro in order to prepare met-myoglobin.
The generation of met-myoglobin was confirmed by UV-visible spectroscopy and its stability was
analysed by the treatment of human myoglobin with H2O2 at varying pH or time. High performance
liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to determine the oxidatively modified heme products in
met-myoglobin. Spectroscopic analysis was used to identify the protective potential of uric acid,
folic acid, glutathione and ascorbic acid against the formation of met-myoglobin.

Results:
The novel data of this study showed that H2O2 induced extensive damage of myoglobin
but the treatment with uric acid, folic acid, glutathione or ascorbic acid provides protection of myoglobin
against H2O2 induced oxidative damaged. The study apparently proved the protective potential
of all these compounds against the toxicity produced by H2O2.

Conclusion:
This is the first study that shows uric acid, folic acid, glutathione and ascorbic acid
provide protection against the generation of toxic met-myoglobin and might be used therapeutically
to modify the blood conditions in order to prevent the progression of human disorders associated
with myoglobin dysfunction.
Exploring the Role of Aggregated Proteomes in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Narayanan Siju Ellickal , Sekhar Nikhila , Rajamma Rajalakshmi Ganesan , Marathakam Akash , Al Mamun Abdullah , Uddin Md. Sahab , Mathew Bijo 
Published: September 2020

:
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive brain disorder and one of the most common
causes of dementia and death. AD can be of two types; early-onset and late-onset, where late-onset
AD occurs sporadically while early-onset AD results from a mutation in any of the three genes that
include amyloid precursor protein (APP), presenilin 1 (PSEN 1) and presenilin 2 (PSEN 2). Biologically,
AD is defined by the presence of the distinct neuropathological profile that consists of the extracellular
β-amyloid (Aβ) deposition in the form of diffuse neuritic plaques, intraneuronal neurofibrillary
tangles (NFTs) and neuropil threads; in dystrophic neuritis, consisting of aggregated hyperphosphorylated
tau protein. Elevated levels of (Aβ), total tau (t-tau) and phosphorylated tau (ptau)
in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) have become an important biomarker for the identification of this
neurodegenerative disease. The aggregation of Aβ peptide derived from amyloid precursor protein
initiates a series of events that involve inflammation, tau hyperphosphorylation and its deposition,
in addition to synaptic dysfunction and neurodegeneration, ultimately resulting in dementia. The
current review focuses on the role of proteomes in the pathogenesis of AD.
Development of Schiff bases from Amikacin: Synthesis, Antibacterial, Anti-urease Activities and Molecular Docking Studies
Authors: Anwar Shabana , Khan Mohsin Abbas , Ahmed Irshad , Pervaiz Irfan , Shah Hamid Saeed 
Published: September 2020

Background:The use of antibiotics has compromised due to the appearance of multidrug- resistant strains and decreased susceptibility of strains to antibiotics. Antibiotic resistance has become a worldwide threat as well as Helicobacter pylori induced gastric cancer is a major problem nowadays. Therefore, it is the need of time to synthesize potent anti-urease motifs.Introduction:Schiff bases represent a large class of biologically active compounds that exhibited a broad spectrum of biological activities. Amikacin is an important drug used against multidrugresistant species of microbes. Therefore, imine derivatives of amikacin may help to reduce the resistance of microbes and to treat the Helicobacter pylori induced stomach problems by inhibiting the Helicobacter Pylori Urease enzyme.Methods:Schiff bases of amikacin were synthesized and screened for in-vitro antibacterial assay performed by well diffusion method against Bacillus megaterium (Bm), Bacillus subtilis (Bs), Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (Sm), Staphylococcus aureus (Sa), Micrococcus luteus (Ml), Serratia marcescens (S. mar), Escherichia coli (E. coli) and anti-urease activity was performed by Indophenol method. Structures confirmed by IR, 1HNMR and 13CNMR spectroscopy.Results:Compounds showed varying degrees of antibacterial effects. Schiff bases A2 and A8 exhibited potent urease inhibition activity with Ki values 0.2754 and 0.2908 μM, respectively and their binding affinity was calculated as greater than the standard drug.Conclusion:Derivatives of amikacin with aromatic rings were more active antibacterials than those with an aliphatic side chain. The potent anti-urease activity has been recorded for compounds A2 and A8. Therefore, they may serve as lead compounds in the discovery of Helicobacter pylori Urease inhibitors.
In Vitro Antagonistic Activity of Diverse Bacillus Species Against Fusarium culmorum and F. solani Pathogens
Authors: Harba M. , Jawhar M. , Arabi M.I.E. 
Published: September 2020

Background:

Fusarium culmorum and Fusarium solani are economically important fungal pathogens of many plant species causing significant yield losses worldwide. Frequent uses of fungicides are hazardous to humans and the environment. Therefore, in vitro antagonistic activity of diverse Bacillus species isolates with biological potential activity to control these both pathogens should be investigated.

Objective:
The objectives were to isolate and identify the Bacillus spp., which are potential controls of F. culmorum and F. solani, and to characterize molecularly, at the species level, those isolates that have potential as biocontroller of the pathogens.

Methods:
The in vitro antagonistic potential of 40 Bacillus isolates against F. culmorum and F. solani was evaluated on the basis of fungal growth inhibition on nutrient broth culture. The colony morphology and the 16S rRNA gene sequencing of Bacillus spp. were used to identify the isolates.

Results:

Bacillus sp. isolates were identified as B. atrophaeus, B. subtilis, Paenibacillus polymxa, B. amyloliquefaciens, B. simplex and B. tequilensis. They had significant (P<0.05) antagonistic activities against F. culmorum and F. solani isolates as compared to the untreated control. The antagonistic effects varied depending on the Fusarium sp. The bacterial B. subtilis isolates SY116C and SY SY118C provided the most noteworthy result as both strongly inhibited mycelial growth of F. solani by 97.2%, while the B. tequilensis isolate SY145D was the most effective in the formation of inhibition zones against F. culmorum by 75%.

Conclusion:
It is apparent that Bacillus sp. isolates play an important role in the inhibition of growth of F. culmorum and F. solani, and that the B. subtilis isolates SY116C and SY118C had the highest biological potential activity against these fungi. These antagonistic effects may be important contributors as a biocontrol approach that could be employed as a part of integrated soil pathogen management system.
Physical Activity at Home During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Two Most-affected Cities in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Barwais Faisal A 
Published: September 2020

Background:
During the COVID-19 pandemic, sufficient physical activity has had a positive effect on physical and mental health. This study aimed to assess levels of physical activity among Saudi participants before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods:

The study included 244 young and middle-aged Saudi adults (154 males, 90 females), (mean age ± SD, 33.8 ± 7.7 years). All subjects completed an online self-report questionnaire to determine their physical activity levels over the last 7 days. Paired t-tests were used to determine if there were significant differences in the total MET-minutes/week of physical activity (i.e., insufficiently active and sufficiently active) between different variables of physical activity-related social contexts.

Results:
A significant decrease (57.1%) in the time spent performing physical activity before and during the COVID-19 lockdown was observed. No significant difference in total MET-min/week of physical activity before and during the lockdown was observed for the participants who participated in physical activity with a personal trainer (before = 2207 ± 389.3 MET-min/week; during = 2077 ± 201.5 MET-min/week). However, results indicated significant decreases in physical activity for participants who performed physical activity alone (59%), with family (61.6%), with friends (62%), or with groups (61.3%).

Conclusion:

The results of this study showed a significant decrease in the amount of time spent in physical activity levels during the COVID-19 lockdown than before the lockdown period. These findings may have implications for the essential development of public health initiatives that aim to increase physical activity levels during the pandemic. This study adds to the knowledge base by showing how people during the COVID-19 lockdown have more time to be physically active at home; nevertheless, this study indicates that participants are insufficiently physically active.
Public Attitudes in Asia Toward Stuttering: A Scoping Review
Authors: Haryani H. , S.Y Chu. , J. S. Yaruss. , G. McConnell , M. M. Ali. 
Published: September 2020

Background/Objective:
Limited information is available about public attitudes towards stuttering across Asia. This review considers the key factors and approaches used to measure public attitudes towards stuttering across Asia that have previously been published in order to identify potential research gaps.

Methods:
A scoping review was conducted using the Arksey and O’Malley’s (2005) framework.

Results:
A total of nine relevant articles, published between 2001 to 2019, were selected for review. Most of the studies used the Public Opinion Survey of Human Attributes (POSHA) as a survey tool. This review yielded studies from Turkey, Kuwait, China/Hong Kong, and Japan. Asian public attitudes towards stuttering were less positive in general, except in Kuwait.

Conclusion:
Given that limited research has focused on examining the attitudes towards stuttering among the general public in the Asian region, we call for international collaboration to increase research about public attitudes. Such data could assist speech-language pathologists in developing awareness campaigns for better intervention and increased acceptance of individuals who stutter.
One-post Solvothermal Synthesis of Bismuth Oxybromides for Efficient Visible-light Photocatalytic Degradation of Methyl Parahydroxybenzoate: Effects of Alkaline and Reaction Medium
Authors: Xiao Jiaxiu , Zhang Xiaoting , Huang Yaoyao , Luo Xiuling , Xiao Xin 
Published: September 2020

Background:
The development of high-efficiency visible-light-active photocatalysts to
eliminate emerging contaminants is of great significance for environmental remediation and personal
safety.

Methods:
In this work, BiOBr and two oxygen-rich bismuth oxybromide (Bi4O5Br2-EG and
Bi4O5Br2-H2O) were synthesized by solvothermal method through the reaction of Bi3+and Br- in
different reaction medium (ethylene glycol or water) and alkali conditions. The composition, structure,
morphology, light absorption, surface area, and surface feature of the synthetic bismuth oxybromides
were systematically characterized. Due to the presence of ethylene glycol and OH-, the
Bi4O5Br2-EG preferentially exposes the 010 facets. The formation of hierarchical flower-like
structures of Bi4O5Br2-EG can be elucidated by the dissolution-recrystallization-growth mechanism.
The bismuth oxybromides were then used for photocatalytic degradation of methyl parahydroxybenzoate
(a commonly used preservative but exposes endocrine disrupting activity) under visible-
light irradiation.

Results:
Since Bi4O5Br2-EG has a satisfactory band structure (bandgap energy ~2.61 eV, valence
band potential +2.45 V), high surface area (49.0 m2g-1), and negatively charged surface, its photocatalytic
removal efficiency of MPHB is 46.5 and 8.04 times that of BiOBr and Bi4O5Br2-H2O, respectively.
During the photodegradation reaction, holes and superoxide radicals were recognized as
the key reactive oxide species.

Conclusion:
The as-synthesized Bi4O5Br2-EG is stable and easy to reuse, suggesting it is a potential
candidate for wastewater treatment.
Novel Corona-Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Perilous Life- Threatening Epidemic
Authors: Goel Surya , Dayal Ram 
Published: September 2020

Background:
The widespread of novel coronavirus is a global concern. With each passing
day, the novel coronavirus is making its new borders. Research has revealed that the virus produced in
bats and was transmitted to humans firstly in Wuhan, Hubei province of China in December 2019. The
contagion has been significantly acting as a vulnerable threat to the copious world.

Objective:
The purpose of this review is to provide the valuable and detailed information about the historical
background, origin, classification, morphology, transmission pattern, symptoms, treatment parameters,
number of cases as well as the preventive measures of the corona-virus disease 2019 (COVID-
19).

Methods:
The disease is transmitted to people by inhalation or close contact of infected droplets. To
split the sequential chain of this contagious disease, we need to know about its symptoms, ways of
transmission, preventive measures and safety guidelines.

Results:
The widespread of COVID-19 is a global concern. The morbidity rate due to COVID-19 is increasing
regularly. As for now, there is no specific cure, vaccine and treatment; the lives can be saved
only by following the preventive measures and safety guidelines.

Conclusion:
Several clinical trials are in progress for the development of a suitable vaccine to combat
this disease. This review shall be helpful in providing detailed information regarding the novel coronavirus
so that the sequences of such infection can be reduced.
Podemos falar dunha Rosalía transmedial?
Authors: Ogando Iolanda 
Published: September 2020

Rosalía de Castro, cerne do canon literario galego, coñeceu unha fortuna moi irregular na súa transmutación de figura autoral en símbolo, pois sendo unha efixie cultural indiscutida, a súa centralidade implicaría o apagamento de moitas das súas actitudes e conviccións. Este contraste entre recoñecemento e descoñecemento reproduciuse en moitos ámbitos, entre eles o audiovisual, sector no que o proceso de construción da imaxe da escritora ocupa un lugar significativo, pero tamén xorde marcado polas contradicións detectábeis nos outros campos.
Por esta razón, cremos que reexaminar a pasaxe do relato vital e literario de Rosalía ao audiovisual, sexa desde o terreo dos estudos cinematográficos, sexa desde os estudos literarios, e máis concretamente desde as achegas das narrativas transmediais, poden proporcionar máis luz no arduo proceso de configuración do símbolo rosaliano e, con el, de toda a cultura.
Con esa perspectiva, no presente traballo estudamos a transmediación rosaliana realizada na miniserie Contou Rosalía (2018), con especial atención ao tratamento dado á imaxe de Rosalía no telefilme e nos documentos audiovisuais xerados ao redor do mesmo, e a súa relevancia na conformación da identidade galega.
Web-Based Technology for Remote Viewing of Radiological Images: App Validation
Authors: Min Qiusha , Wang Xin , Huang Bo , Xu Liangzhou 
Published: September 2020

Background
Internet technologies can create advanced and rich web-based apps that allow radiologists to easily access teleradiology systems and remotely view medical images. However, each technology has its own drawbacks. It is difficult to balance the advantages and disadvantages of these internet technologies and identify an optimal solution for the development of medical imaging apps.

Objective
This study aimed to compare different internet platform technologies for remotely viewing radiological images and analyze their advantages and disadvantages.

Methods
Oracle Java, Adobe Flash, and HTML5 were each used to develop a comprehensive web-based medical imaging app that connected to a medical image server and provided several required functions for radiological interpretation (eg, navigation, magnification, windowing, and fly-through). Java-, Flash-, and HTML5-based medical imaging apps were tested on different operating systems over a local area network and a wide area network. Three computed tomography colonography data sets and 2 ordinary personal computers were used in the experiment.

Results
The experimental results demonstrated that Java-, Flash-, and HTML5-based apps had the ability to provide real-time 2D functions. However, for 3D, performances differed between the 3 apps. The Java-based app had the highest frame rate of volume rendering. However, it required the longest time for surface rendering and failed to run surface rendering in macOS. The HTML5-based app had the fastest surface rendering and the highest speed for fly-through without platform dependence. Volume rendering, surface rendering, and fly-through performances of the Flash-based app were significantly worse than those of the other 2 apps.

Conclusions
Oracle Java, Adobe Flash, and HTML5 have individual strengths in the development of remote access medical imaging apps. However, HTML5 is a promising technology for remote viewing of radiological images and can provide excellent performance without requiring any plug-ins.