bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Do alternative inventories converge on the spatiotemporal representation of spring ammonia emissions in France?
Authors: Fortems-Cheiney Audrey , Dufour Gaëlle , Dufossé Karine , Couvidat Florian , Gilliot Jean-Marc , Siour Guillaume , Beekmann Matthias , Foret Gilles , Meleux Frederik , Clarisse Lieven , Coheur Pierre-François , Van Damme Martin , Clerbaux Cathy , Génermont Sophie 
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Agriculture is the main source of ammonia (NH3) in France, an important gaseous precursor of atmospheric particulate matter (PM). National
and global emission inventories are known to have difficulty representing the large spatial and temporal variability inherent to
atmospheric NH3. In this study, we compare NH3 emissions in France during spring 2011 from one reference inventory, the TNO
inventory, and two alternative inventories that account in different manners for both the spatial and temporal variabilities of the emissions:
(i) the NH3SAT satellite-derived inventory based on IASI NH3 columns and (ii) the CADASTRE-CIT inventory that combines
NH3 emissions due to nitrogen fertilization calculated with the mechanistic model VOLT'AIR on the database of the CADASTRE_NH3
framework and other source emissions from the CITEPA. The total spring budgets, from March to May 2011, at the national level are higher when
calculated with both alternative inventories than with the reference, the difference being more marked with CADASTRE-CIT. NH3SAT and
CADASTRE-CIT inventories both yield to large NH3 spring emissions due to fertilization on soils with high pH in the northeastern part of
France (65 and 135 kt NH3, respectively, vs. 48 kt NH3 for TNO-GEN), while soil properties are not accounted for by the
TNO-GEN methodology. For the other parts of France, the differences are smaller. The timing of fertilization and associated ammonia emissions is
closely related to the nitrogen requirements and hence the phenological stage of the crops, and therefore to the crop year's specific weather
conditions. Maximum emissions are observed in March for 2011 for some regions for both alternative inventories, while April is the period with
maximum emissions for the reference inventory regardless of the region or the year. Comparing the inventories at finer temporal resolutions, typically at
daily scale, large differences are found. The convergence of alternative, independent and complementary methods on the spatiotemporal representation
of the spring NH3 emissions, particularly over areas where the contribution of mineral fertilizer spreading to the spring budget is strong,
encourages further developments in both prospective complementary directions, as this will help improve national NH3 emission inventories.
Wat leert corona ons over efficiëntie?
Authors: Mevissen Jos 
Published: November 2020

Wat leert corona ons over efficiëntie?
De focus op effectiviteit en vooral ook efficiëntie in beleid leidt wellicht tot beleidsuitvoering die efficiënt is voor de overheid, maar of dat ook zo is voor andere stakeholders, wordt misschien uit het oog verloren. Dat laat de huidige coronacrisis zien, maar blijkt ook uit andere voorbeelden. Voor beleidsonderzoek is het relevant om beleid te evalueren binnen de bredere maatschappelijke context en met de vraag voor wie beleid efficiënt is.
Macht(eloos)
Authors: van Wijk Anton , Olfers Marjan 
Published: November 2020

Power(less) Normalization of sexually transgressive behavior in (top) sport
Sexually transgressive behavior occurs in all sections of society, including sports. That includes behavior from making sexual comments to rape. A risk factor is the culture that can prevail in sports, also known as a disruptive culture. There is normalization of deviant behavior. The top sport culture is particularly vulnerable to unacceptable behavior. In this article we will consider the phenomenon of grooming by the coach – the conscious and movement that induce the minor to engage in sexual contact. Within top sport, the opportunity for (sexually) transgressive behavior will be the determining factor. While grooming in recreational or recreational sport is often by isolating (vulnerable) children from the group, grooming can occur in top sport because of the intensity of the relationship, which is in any case of a more closed nature and can be strengthened by the strong performance-oriented top sport culture. In both cases, an alert, open environment is necessary to create a safe sports climate.
Strategies for Delivering Nanoparticles across Tumor Blood Vessels
Authors: Sheth Vinit , Wang Lin , Bhattacharya Resham , Mukherjee Priyabrata , Wilhelm Stefan 
Published: November 2020

AbstractNanoparticle transport across tumor blood vessels is a key step in nanoparticle delivery to solid tumors. However, the specific pathways and mechanisms of this nanoparticle delivery process are not fully understood. Here, the biological and physical characteristics of the tumor vasculature and the tumor microenvironment are explored and how these features affect nanoparticle transport across tumor blood vessels is discussed. The biological and physical methods to deliver nanoparticles into tumors are reviewed and paracellular and transcellular nanoparticle transport pathways are explored. Understanding the underlying pathways and mechanisms of nanoparticle tumor delivery will inform the engineering of safer and more effective nanomedicines for clinical translation.
Reversible Crystal‐to‐Crystal Phase Transitions with High‐Contrast Luminescent Alterations for a Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitter
Authors: Yu Hanbo , Song Xiaoxian , Xie Ning , Wang Jiaxuan , Li Chenglong , Wang Yue 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMerging thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) and mechanochromic luminescence (MCL) into one single molecule is a promising strategy for developing multifunctional organic materials. Herein, a unique multifunctional molecule TPA‐DQP, comprising a large π‐conjugated diquinoxalino[2,3‐a:2′,3′‐c]phenazine (DQP) as the acceptor and triphenylamine (TPA) as the donor, is designed and synthesized. TPA‐DQP possesses polymorphism, efficient TADF emission as well as MCL property with high‐contrast in emission colors from 576 to 706 nm. Reversible crystal‐to‐crystal phase transitions in response to external stimuli such as vapor fuming and heating are realized on the basis of the two polymorphs of TPA‐DQP. The distinct crystal‐to‐crystal phase transition is attributed ultimately to the change of packing arrangements and intermolecular interactions of the two polymorphs under stimuli. Furthermore, TPA‐DQP‐based organic light emitting diode (OLED) device achieves external quantum efficiency as high as 18.3% at 676 nm, which represents the best performance for deep‐red OLEDs based on MCL‐active TADF emitters. This study reports a novel MCL‐active TADF material that exhibits crystal‐to‐crystal phase transition and brings insight into the underlying relationship between molecular packing modes and the photoluminescent behavior.
A General Solution to Mitigate Water Poisoning of Oxide Chemiresistors: Bilayer Sensors with Tb4O7 Overlayer
Authors: Jeong Seong‐Yong , Moon Young Kook , Kim Jin Koo , Park Sei‐Woong , Jo Yong Kun , Kang Yun Chan , Lee Jong‐Heun 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWater poisoning, the dependence of gas‐sensing characteristics on moisture, in oxide chemiresistors remains a long‐standing challenge. Various approaches are explored to mitigate water poisoning but they are often accompanied by significant deterioration of sensing capabilities such as gas response deterioration, gas selectivity alteration, and sensor resistance increase up to unmeasurable levels. Herein, a novel sensor design with a moisture‐blocking Tb4O7 overlayer is suggested as a facile and universal strategy to remove moisture poisoning without sacrificing intrinsic sensing properties. A submicrometer‐thick coating of Tb4O7 overlayer on In2O3 sensors effectively eliminates the humidity dependence of the gas‐sensing characteristics without significantly altering the gas response, selectivity, and sensor resistance. Furthermore, the general validity of the water‐blocking effect using the Tb4O7 overlayer is confirmed in diverse gas sensors using SnO2, ZnO, and Pd/SnO2. The negligible moisture interference of the bilayer sensor is explained in terms of the hydrophobic nature of the Tb4O7 overlayer and the prevention of formation of the OH radical by the interaction between Tb4O7 and In2O3. A universal solution to design diverse humidity‐independent gas sensors with different gas selectivities can open up new pathways toward building accurate and robust gas sensors with new functionalities and high‐performance artificial olfaction.
3D Printing of a V8C7–VO2 Bifunctional Scaffold as an Effective Polysulfide Immobilizer and Lithium Stabilizer for Li–S Batteries
Authors: Cai Jingsheng , Jin Jia , Fan Zhaodi , Li Chao , Shi Zixiong , Sun Jingyu , Liu Zhongfan 
Published: November 2020

AbstractLithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries have heretofore attracted tremendous interest due to low cost and high energy density. In this realm, both the severe shuttling of polysulfide and the uncontrollable growth of dendritic lithium have greatly hindered their commercial viability. Recent years have witnessed the rapid development of rational approaches to simultaneously regulate polysulfide behaviors and restrain lithium dendritic growth. Nevertheless, the major obstacles for high‐performance Li–S batteries still lie in little knowledge of bifunctional material candidates and inadequate explorations of advanced technologies for customizable devices. Herein, a “two‐in‐one” strategy is put forward to elaborate V8C7–VO2 heterostructure scaffolds via the 3D printing (3DP) technique as dual‐effective polysulfide immobilizer and lithium dendrite inhibitor for Li–S batteries. A thus‐derived 3DP‐V8C7–VO2/S electrode demostrates excellent rate capability (643.5 mAh g−1 at 6.0 C) and favorable cycling stability (a capacity decay of 0.061% per cycle at 4.0 C after 900 cycles). Importantly, the integrated Li–S battery harnessing both 3DP hosts realizes high areal capacity under high sulfur loadings (7.36 mAh cm−2 at a sulfur loading of 9.2 mg cm−2). This work offers insight into solving the concurrent challenges for both S cathode and Li anode throughout 3DP.
Hydroxylamino‐Anchored Poly(Ionic Liquid)s for CO2 Fixation into Cyclic Carbonates at Mild Conditions
Authors: Zhang Jinwei , Li Xiaopeng , Zhu Zheng , Chang Tao , Fu Xiying , Hao Yongjing , Meng Xiaocai , Panchal Balaji , Qin Shenjun 
Published: November 2020

AbstractCatalytic utilization of CO2 addition into chemicals has potential as a strategy for removing CO2 from the atmosphere. In this context the additive‐free catalytic conversion of CO2 into cyclic carbonates in the absence of metal and solvents under mild conditions is a major challenge. Herein, a series of hydroxylamino‐tethered polymeric ionic liquids bearing adjustable alkyl length substitutes are constructed from copolymerization of divinyl benzene and vicinal hydroxyl and amino base monomeric ionic liquids synthesized from 1‐glycidyl‐3‐vinylimidazolium bromide with alkyl amine. The polymeric ionic liquids are used in CO2‐epoxide cycloaddition reactions to prepare cyclic carbonates and demonstrate high efficiency and stable reusability without a co‐catalyst under atmospheric pressure and under solvent‐free conditions. The introduction of alkyl groups on an ionic polymer host backbone can accelerate the reaction process. A preliminary kinetic study is performed using [PDVB‐HAVIM‐C18]Br and the activation energy is calculated as 53.2 kJ mol−1. A hydrogen bonding and Br– ion synergistic catalytic mechanism is proposed to account for the excellent catalytic activity of the synthesized ionic polymer.
The LEukemia Artificial Intelligence Program (LEAP) in chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase: A model to improve patient outcomes
Authors: Sasaki Koji , Jabbour Elias J. , Ravandi Farhad , Konopleva Marina , Borthakur Gautam , Wierda William G. , Daver Naval , Takahashi Koichi , Naqvi Kiran , DiNardo Courtney , Montalban‐Bravo Guillermo , Kanagal‐Shamanna Rashmi , Issa Ghayas , Jain Preetesh , Skinner Jeffrey , Rios Mary B. , Pierce Sherry , Soltysiak Kelly A. , Sato Junya , Garcia‐Manero Guillermo , Cortes Jorge E. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractExtreme gradient boosting methods outperform conventional machine‐learning models. Here, we have developed the LEukemia Artificial intelligence Program (LEAP) with the extreme gradient boosting decision tree method for the optimal treatment recommendation of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase (CML‐CP). A cohort of CML‐CP patients was randomly divided into training/validation (N = 504) and test cohorts (N = 126). The training/validation cohort was used for 3‐fold cross validation to develop the LEAP CML‐CP model using 101 variables at diagnosis. The test cohort was then applied to the LEAP CML‐CP model and an optimum TKI treatment was suggested for each patient. The area under the curve in the test cohort was 0.81899.Backward multivariate analysis identified age at diagnosis, the degree of comorbidities, and TKI recommended therapy by the LEAP CML‐CP model as independent prognostic factors for overall survival. The bootstrapping method internally validated the association of the LEAP CML‐CP recommendation with overall survival as an independent prognostic for overall survival. Selecting treatment according to the LEAP CML‐CP personalized recommendations, in this model, is associated with better survival probability compared to treatment with a LEAP CML‐CP non‐recommended therapy. This approach may pave a way of new era of personalized treatment recommendations for patients with cancer.
Validation of Psoas Muscle Index as a predictor of successful extubation in elderly intensive care patients: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Kobori Fumimasa , Azuma Kazunari , Mishima Shiro , Oda Jun 
Published: November 2020

AimExtubation failure–associated factors have not been investigated in elderly patients. We hypothesized that psoas cross‐sectional area, an emerging indicator of frailty, can be a predictor of extubation outcomes.MethodsThis retrospective study analyzed data from patients admitted between January and April 2016 at the mixed medical intensive care unit (ICU) of the Tokyo Medical University Hospital. Patients were considered eligible if aged 65 years or older, required intubation at the emergency room, and were admitted to ICU for over 24 h. Overall, 39 ICU patients were eligible and categorized into two groups: extubation success (n = 24) and extubation failure (n = 15) groups. The psoas cross‐sectional area was measured at the third lumbar level on computer tomography images. Psoas Muscle Index (PMI) was defined as the psoas cross‐sectional area/height2. Primary outcome was to evaluate differences between the psoas cross‐sectional area and f(PMI) between the groups, if any.ResultsBoth groups were comparable in terms of demographic characteristics. Psoas cross‐sectional area (extubation success group, 1,776.5 ± 498.2 mm2, extubation failure group, 1,391.2 ± 589.4 mm2; P = 0.022) and PMI (extubation success group, 1,089 ± 270.7 mm2/m2, extubation failure group, 889 ± 338.5 mm2/m2; P = 0.032) were significantly greater in the extubation success group than in the extubation failure group.ConclusionsThe psoas cross‐sectional area and PMI can predict extubation outcomes in elderly intensive care patients.
Design of Janus particles based on silica@polystyrene and their compatibilization on poly(p‐dioxanone)/poly(lactic acid) composites
Authors: Xu Zhiyan , Liu Jinling , Chen Jiawen , Lin Jianrong , Chen Qinhui 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe compatibility of poly(p‐dioxanone) (PPDO) and poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is very important when they are blended. Herein, three kinds of snowman‐like Janus particles (JPs) with different hydrophilic–lipophilic balance (HLB) were prepared by one‐pot method by adjusting the surficial functional groups of polystyrene (PS) side and used as the compatibilizer of PPDO/PLA composites. JPs self‐assemble at the cell‐structure PPDO/PLA interface, which provides channels for the migration of PPDO. The silica (SiO2) side forms hydrogen bond with PLA, and the PS side forms hydrophobic action with PPDO. Therefore, JPs improve interfacial adhesion and suppress phase separation. Among the three JPs, silica@polystyrene‐graft‐polymethylmethacrylate (SiO2@PS‐PMMA) possesses the most excellent interfacial behavior because its HLB value is similar to that of PPDO/PLA composites. Tensile strength was increased from the original 14.59 MPa to the maximum 24.18 MPa at 1.5 phr of SiO2@PS‐PMMA JPs, and the elongation at break increased from 39% to 203%.
From individual vital rates to population dynamics: An integral projection model for European native oysters in a marine protected area
Authors: Lown Alice E. , Hepburn Leanne J. , Dyer Rob , Cameron Tom C. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Following an 85% decline in global oyster populations, there has been a recent resurgence in interest in the restoration of the European native oyster Ostrea edulis. Motivations for restoration from environmental stakeholders most often include recovering lost habitats and associated biodiversity and supporting ecosystem function. In coastal communities, another important justification is recovery of traditional and low‐impact fisheries but this has received less attention.
Many restoration projects across Europe focus on the translocation of adult stocks, under the assumption that the limit to population growth and recovery is adult growth and survival. This may not necessarily be the case, especially where knowledge of large extant adult populations exists as in the Blackwater, Crouch, Roach and Colne Marine Conservation Zone in Essex, UK. Identifying what limits population growth for restoration and recovery is an important conservation tool.
Here, the first size‐dependent survival, growth and fecundity data for free‐living O. edulis from a novel field experiment are used to parameterize an Integral Projection Model that examines the sensitivity of a flat oyster population to variation in individual vital rates and to potential harvesting – an original objective of a coastal community‐led restoration project.
Given the high adult fecundity in this species, population recovery is most sensitive to changes in recruitment success; however, elasticity (proportional sensitivity of the population) is more evenly spread across other parameters when recruitment is already high. Based on locally agreed management objectives, recovery to double the current stock biomass should take 16–66 years (mean = 30 years) without active intervention. At that point, harvest rates could be sustained below 5% of the harvestable adult size whilst ensuring λs remains above 1.
NORA moving forward: Developing an oyster restoration network in Europe to support the Berlin Oyster Recommendation
Authors: Pogoda Bernadette , Boudry Pierre , Bromley Cass , Cameron Tom C. , Colsoul Bérenger , Donnan David , Hancock Boze , Hugh‐Jones Tristan , Preston Joanne , Sanderson William G. , Sas Hein , Brown Janet , Bonacic Kruno , von Nordheim Henning , zu Ermgassen Philine S.E. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

The Native Oyster Restoration Alliance (NORA) supports the protection and ecological restoration of the native European oyster, Ostrea edulis, and its habitat across its current and historical biogeographical range. NORA works to overcome barriers to the conservation, restoration, and recovery of the European oyster by providing a platform for the NORA community to collaborate and participate in knowledge exchange. NORA seeks to support responsible restoration practice, in compliance with biosecurity and sustainability.
Against this background, the NORA community formulated a series of specific recommendations, the Berlin Oyster Recommendation, to support native oyster restoration by developing and applying best practice with the aim to recover healthy and resilient marine ecosystems. In combination with the Standards for Ecological Restoration (SER) and the Restoration Guidelines for Shellfish Reefs, the Berlin Oyster Recommendation is a relevant tool for successful and sustainable oyster restoration in Europe.
The establishment of NORA working groups will support the implementation and further development of the six corresponding recommendations. Current NORA working groups cover site selection, biosecurity, production, and monitoring. The site selection working group will address the identification of suitable sites for oyster restoration to support policy relevant decision making and the conservation, reinforcement, or reintroduction of native oysters. The biosecurity working group will develop biosecurity guidelines for native oyster restoration in Europe. The production working group will assess the potential of standards for seed oyster production and supply in order to enhance production appropriate for restoration purposes. In close collaboration with the Native Oyster Network – UK & Ireland (NON), the monitoring working group will produce a monitoring guidelines handbook to provide metrics and methods that will be suitable across the range of O. edulis projects in Europe for the documentation of restoration success and ecosystem recovery.
The Berlin Oyster Recommendation was examined and interpreted by NORA experts in the context of the further development of joint guidelines for the practice of successful and sustainable native oyster restoration.
Addressing critical limitations of oyster (Ostrea edulis) restoration: Identification of nature‐based substrates for hatchery production and recruitment in the field
Authors: Colsoul Bérenger , Pouvreau Stéphane , Di Poi Carole , Pouil Simon , Merk Verena , Peter Corina , Boersma Maarten , Pogoda Bernadette 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe European flat oyster (Ostrea edulis) is an ecosystem engineer that provides important biogenic reef habitat with associated ecosystem functions and services. Most stocks have been commercially exploited and degraded; some are functionally extinct. Ecological restoration now aims to recover these degraded, damaged or destroyed ecosystems.Availability of seed oysters and substrate for successful larval recruitment has been identified as a major limiting factor for restoration projects in Europe. In substrate‐limited areas, restoration approaches have to involve the restoration of suitable substrates.The present study provides an evaluation of such potential substrate types. Various categories were investigated through hatchery and/or field experiments: (1) marine bivalve shells; (2) inorganic materials; (3) sandy sediment; (4) 3D sandstone reefs; (5) wood materials; and (6) limed materials. The respective settlement rates (settled larvae per cm2) indicate settlement preferences.Hatchery experiments showed significant preferences for bivalve shells and inorganic materials. Best settlement rates were observed onMytilus edulisshells, followed byO.edulisshells as well as on slaked lime and on baked clay. Settlement was significantly higher on bottom‐oriented areas of bivalve shells and 3D reefs in laboratory experiments; however, this was not substantiated in the field experiments.Field experiments showed significant settlement preferences between substrate categories (bivalve shells, inorganic materials and wood materials). Best settlement rates were observed on baked clay, followed by slaked lime and bivalve shells. Wooden materials did not perform.Settlement rates and substrate preferences of larvae in controlled environments (laboratory, hatchery) differed from rates in the natural environment (field). This study provides a list of substrate types considering these specific environments. The relevance of these results for ecological restoration in the field and potential applications in seed oyster production are discussed.