bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel Golgi-associated Vangl2 translational variant required for PCP regulation in vertebrates
Authors: Walton Alexandra , Revinski Diego , Sergé Arnauld , Audebert Stéphane , Camoin Luc , Puvirajesinghe Tania M , Isnardon Daniel , Marchetto Sylvie , Kodjabachian Laurent , Bailly Eric , Borg Jean-Paul 
Published: October 2020

AbstractFirst described inDrosophila melanogaster, planar cell polarity (PCP) is a developmental process essential for embryogenesis and development of polarized structures in Metazoans. This signaling pathway involves a set of evolutionarily conserved genes encoding transmembrane (Vangl, Frizzled, Celsr) and cytoplasmic (Prickle, Dishevelled) molecules. Vangl2 is of major importance in embryonic development as illustrated by its pivotal role during neural tube closure in human, mouse,Xenopusand zebrafish embryos. The regulated and poorly understood traffic of Vangl2 to the plasma membrane is a key event for its function in development. Here we report on the molecular and functional characterization of a novel 569-amino acid N-terminally extended Vangl2 isoform, Vangl2-Long, that arises from an alternative non-AUG translation initiation site, lying 144 base pair upstream of the conventional start codon. While missing in Vangl1 paralogs and in all invertebrates, includingDrosophila melanogaster, this N-terminal extension is conserved in all vertebrate Vangl2 sequences and confers a subcellular localization in the Golgi apparatus, probably as a result of an extended retention time in this organelle. Vangl2-Long belongs to a multimeric complex with Vangl1 and Vangl2 and we show that its down-regulation leads to severe PCP-related phenotypes inXenopusembryos, including shorter body axis and neural tube closure defects. Altogether, our study unveils a novel level of complexity in Vangl2 expression, trafficking and function.
Public perception of police behaviors in the disaster COVID-19 – The case of Serbia
Authors: Janković Bojan , Cvetković Vladimir Miroljub 
Published: October 2020

PurposeThe aim of the study is to determine the perception of general public on the Serbian police behaviors in combating COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the perception of the citizens how successful the police units were in fulfilling their tasks.Design/methodology/approachDue to the state of emergency declared due to COVID-19 pandemic, in particular the restriction of movement and the need for social distance, the data collection for this study had to be conducted via the online survey platform (Google.doc). The study was conducted during March–April 2020, only four weeks after the state of emergency was declared. The participants were invited to complete the online questionnaire in their native language by using the snowball sampling strategy focused on recruiting the general public via social media tools.FindingsConsidering the fact that police officers are not sufficiently prepared and trained to respond in these specific circumstances, it is necessary to improve their engagement in the future by conducting appropriate training, procuring adequate resources, implementing adequate planning activities, etc. The results of the multivariate regressions of public perception preparedness subscale show that the most important predictor is gender and it explains 23.6% of the variance in preparedness subscale. The remaining variables did not have significant effects on preparedness. This model with all mentioned independent variables explains 6.1% of the variance of preparedness subscale.Originality/valueBearing in mind that there were no completed studies on public perception of police behaviors about the COVID-19 disaster in Serbia, the research has a considerable scientific and social importance.
Multiple stressors interact to impair the performance of bumblebee Bombus terrestris colonies
Authors: Botías Cristina , Jones Julia C. , Pamminger Tobias , Bartomeus Ignasi , Hughes William O. H. , Goulson Dave 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Bumblebees are constantly exposed to a wide range of biotic and abiotic stresses which they must defend themselves against to survive. Pathogens and pesticides represent important stressors that influence bumblebee health, both when acting alone or in combination. To better understand bumblebee health, we need to investigate how these factors interact, yet experimental studies to date generally focus on only one or two stressors.

The aim of this study is to evaluate how combined effects of four important stressors (the gut parasite Nosema ceranae, the neonicotinoid insecticide thiamethoxam, the pyrethroid insecticide cypermethrin and the EBI fungicide tebuconazole) interact to affect bumblebees at the individual and colony levels.

We established seven treatment groups of colonies that we pulse exposed to different combinations of these stressors for 2 weeks under laboratory conditions. Colonies were subsequently placed in the field for 7 weeks to evaluate the effect of treatments on the prevalence of N. ceranae in inoculated bumblebees, expression levels of immunity and detoxification‐related genes, food collection, weight gain, worker and male numbers, and production of worker brood and reproductives.

Exposure to pesticide mixtures reduced food collection by bumblebees. All immunity‐related genes were upregulated in the bumblebees inoculated with N. ceranae when they had not been exposed to pesticide mixtures, and bumblebees exposed to the fungicide and the pyrethroid were less likely to have N. ceranae. Combined exposure to the three‐pesticide mixture and N. ceranae reduced bumblebee colony growth, and all treatments had detrimental effects on brood production. The groups exposed to the neonicotinoid insecticide produced 40%–76% fewer queens than control colonies.

Our findings show that exposure to combinations of stressors that bumblebees frequently come into contact with have detrimental effects on colony health and performance and could therefore have an impact at the population level. These results also have significant implications for current practices and policies for pesticide risk assessment and use as the combinations tested here are frequently applied simultaneously in the field. Understanding the interactions between different stressors will be crucial for improving our ability to manage bee populations and for ensuring pollination services into the future.
Potential ofCaenorhabditis elegansas an antiaging evaluation model for dietary phytochemicals: A review
Authors: Ye Yongli , Gu Qingyin , Sun Xiulan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAging is an inevitable process characterized by the accumulation of degenerative damage, leading to serious diseases that affect human health. Studies on aging aim to develop pre‐protection or therapies to delay aging and age‐related diseases. A preventive approach is preferable to clinical treatment not only to reduce investment but also to alleviate pain in patients. Adjusting daily diet habits to improve the aging condition is a potentially attractive strategy. Fruits and vegetables containing active compounds that can effectively delay the aging process and reduce or inhibit age‐related degenerative diseases have been identified. The signaling pathways related to aging inCaenorhabditis elegansare evolutionarily conserved; thus, studying antiaging components by intervening senescence process may contribute to the prevention and treatment of age‐related diseases in humans. This review focuses on the effects of food‐derived extracts or purified substance on antiaging in nematodes, as well as the underlying mechanisms, on the basis of several major signaling pathways and key regulatory factors in aging. The aim is to provide references for a healthy diet guidance and the development of antiaging nutritional supplements. Finally, challenges in the use ofC. elegansas the antiaging evaluation model are discussed, together with the development that potentially inspire novel strategies and research tools.
Robot‐assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy using the selective clamping approach
Authors: Wong Ting‐Fung , Lam Wayne , Tsang Chiu‐Fung , Ho Brian Sze‐Ho , Ng Ada Tsui‐Lin , Tsu James Hok‐Leung 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIntroduction and ObjectivesTo demonstrate the technique of robot‐assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (RAPN) using the selective clamping approach.Materials and MethodsA 56‐year‐old man presented with a 1.9 cm middle pole anterior right renal mass. Imaging studies demonstrated it to be likely a renal cell carcinoma. Transperitoneal RAPN was performed with intraoperative identification of an arterial branch supplying the region containing the renal tumour. Selective clamping of the polar branch was achieved, resulting in zero global renal ischaemia during the procedure.ResultsOperative time was 2.5 hours with estimated blood loss 30 mL. Patient made an uneventful recovery and was discharged on postoperative day four. Pathology confirmed pT1aG2 clear cell carcinoma with clear margins.ConclusionThe selective clamping approach is an optimal strategy during RAPN and should be adopted if possible, to avoid global renal ischaemia. Meticulous dissection of the hilar vessels is essential to identify arterial branches for selective clamping.
Iliac vein pathology and short‐term stenting outcomes in a South‐East Asian population: A single‐centre experience
Authors: Huang Ivan Kuang Hsin , Pua Uei , Quek Lawrence Han Hwee , Chong Rhan Chean Lester , Tay Wei Ling , Hong Qiantai , Yong Enming , Chandrasekar Sadhana , Zhang Li , Tan Glenn Wei Leong , Lo Zhiwen Joseph 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectiveCurrent literature regarding iliofemoral intervention and stenting is mostly based on Western populations. We present our experience of iliofemoral stenting for chronic venous disease within a South‐East Asian population.MethodsThis is a single‐centre retrospective review of a prospectively collected registry. Seventy‐one patients with 105 limbs underwent iliac vein IVUS and stenting between 2016 and 2019. All patients underwent pre‐procedure ultrasound venous scan and MRI venogram. Pre‐ and post‐operative CEAP classification, Villalta score and Venous Clinical Severity Score (VCSS), technical results, stent patency rates and complication rates are documented.ResultsSeventy‐six per cent of the cases are non‐thrombotic iliac vein lesion, and 68% of patients have C4 to C6 disease. Ten percentage of patients had acute thrombosis on presentation. There was 100% technical success. A 6‐ and 7‐point reduction in the mean VCSS and Villalta score, respectively, were noted post‐stenting (baseline of 10 points and P < 0.001 in both categories). Post‐stenting ulcer healing rate was 91% at 6 and 12 months. One‐year ulcer recurrence and cellulites recurrence were at 8% and 7%, respectively. One unplanned 30‐day readmission (not related to procedure) and no 30‐day mortality were noted. Bleeding complication from anticoagulation was 3%. There was 10% in‐stent non‐flow limiting stenosis on surveillance. One‐year primary patency was 91%, and secondary patency was 100%.ConclusionWithin our series, iliofemoral stenting has 100% technical success, with statistically significant reduction in VCSS and Villalta score, good wound healing rates, low ulcer and cellulites recurrence and good primary and secondary patency rates at 1 year.
Analysis of the Nursing Diagnosis Risk for Falls in Older Adults with Hypertension
Authors: Ferreira Glauciano de Oliveira , Moreira Rafaella Pessoa , Felício Janiel Ferreira , Guerra Francisca Valúzia Guedes , Cavalcante Tahissa Frota , Rouberte Emilia Soares Chaves 
Published: October 2020

OBJECTIVESTo analyze the Nursing Diagnosis risk for falls indicators in aged with hypertension and to verify the association of this diagnosis with sociodemographic variables and antihypertensive agents used by the aged.METHODSAnalytical study, cross‐sectional with quantitative approach. It was carried out in three health units in the city of Redenção, Ceará, Brazil, in the Brazilian Northeast. A total of 153 elderly subjects participated in the study. Statistical analysis was performed using Fisher's exact test, Pearson's chi‐square test and multinomial logistic regression of variables that presented association with the Nursing Diagnosis.RESULTSUse of throw rugs, difficulties with gait, acute illness (p = .004), age greater than or equal to 65 years and impaired vision were associated with the Nursing Diagnosis risk for falls (00155). The work situation (retired) was the only sociodemographic variable that had a significant association with the risk for falls. Antihypertensive agents were not associated with the diagnosis.CONCLUSIONAge greater than or equal to 65 years, use of throw rugs, difficulties with gait, acute illness, and impaired vision can be useful to infer the risk for falls and to confirm their presence in the aged with hypertension.IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICEThis study provides data that can help nurses in the process of inferring the diagnosis risk for falls in the aged with hypertension, which streamlines the planning and implementation of preventive interventions.
Simulation based study on parameter variation of Si0.9Ge0.1 junction‐less SELBOX FinFET for high‐performance application
Authors: Vidhya Sagar G , Vijayakumar D 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn this article, we present a high‐performance SiGe junctionless FinFET (JLFinFET) on insulator by selective growth of buried oxide (SELBOX) layer device with better electrostatics. The mole fraction x = 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, and 0.7 with fin width 10 nm and gate length of 20 nm are considered for simulation using technology computer aided design (TCAD) Sentaurus device. With Si0.9Ge0.1 JLFinFET on insulator by SELBOX layer, nearly an ideal subthreshold swing of 61.51 mV/decade and enhanced on‐current, off‐current has been achieved. Evaluation of on‐off current ratio, DIBL, SS for different parameters, such as doping concentration (1015‐1019/cm3), channel length (10‐40 nm), temperature (200‐700°K) on JLJFinFET on insulator by SELBOX layer are presented. Three‐dimensional device simulation using the TCAD software tool Sentaurus Device is used to simulate and the results are compared with a SELBOX JLFinFET.
Using historical genome‐wide DNA to unravel the confused taxonomy in a songbird lineage that is extinct in the wild
Authors: Baveja Pratibha , Garg Kritika M. , Chattopadhyay Balaji , Sadanandan Keren R. , Prawiradilaga Dewi M. , Yuda Pramana , Lee Jessica G. H. , Rheindt Frank E. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractUrgent conservation action for terminally endangered species is sometimes hampered by taxonomic uncertainty, especially in illegally traded animals that are often cross‐bred in captivity. To overcome these problems, we used a genomic approach to analyze historical DNA from museum samples across the Asian Pied Starling (Gracupica contra) complex in tropical Asia, a popular victim of the ongoing songbird crisis whose distinct Javan population (“Javan Pied Starling”) is extinct in the wild and subject to admixture in captivity. Comparing genomic profiles across the entire distribution, we detected three deeply diverged lineages at the species level characterized by a lack of genomic intermediacy near areas of contact. Our study demonstrates that the use of historical DNA can be instrumental in delimiting species in situations of taxonomic uncertainty, especially when modern admixture may obfuscate species boundaries. Results of our research will enable conservationists to commence a dedicated ex situ breeding program for the Javan Pied Starling, and serve as a blueprint for similar conservation problems involving terminally endangered species subject to allelic infiltration from close congeners.
Quality of electronic treatment records and adherence to prophylaxis in haemophilia and von Willebrand disease: Systematic assessments from an electronic diary
Authors: Tiede Andreas , Bonanad Santiago , Santamaria Amparo , Goldmann Georg , Canaro Mariana , Palomero Antonio , Frade Luis J. G. , Eduardo Megias‐Vericat Juan , Martinez Fernanda , Garcia Candel Faustino , Jimenez Yuste Victor , Sparber‐Sauer Monika , Halimeh Susan , Adolf Daniela , Hukauf Martin , Reichmann Jan , Oldenburg Johannes 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIntroductionHaemoassistTM 2 is an electronic system designed for people with bleeding disorders and their physicians to record prophylactic infusions and treatment of bleeds. It aims to improve adherence by permitting reminders and accuracy of documentation by facilitating real‐time reporting.AimTo assess documentation quality and adherence to prophylactic regimens in patients with haemophilia A, haemophilia B or von Willebrand disease who are using HaemoassistTM 2.MethodsTen centres enrolled consecutive patients, who had been using HaemoassistTM 2 for ≥ 3 months (Cohort 1, ‘quality of documentation’). Of these, patients who had a specified prophylactic regimen in HaemoassistTM 2 for ≥ 3 months were eligible for inclusion in Cohort 2 (‘adherence to prophylaxis’).ResultsCohort 1 comprised 796 patients (71% with severe haemophilia A; median 20.5 months of HaemoassistTM 2 use). The most common method of documentation for patients was using the mobile app; the median time between infusion and documentation was 4 hours using the app, compared with 85 hours using a web portal on a stationery device. The median total annualised number of infusions was consistent in the first and last 3 months of documentation (128; IQR: 70‐184 and 120; IQR 64‐176, respectively). Cohort 2 comprised 202 patients (79% severe haemophilia A; median of 13 months on prophylactic regimen in HaemoassistTM 2). The rate of adherence to prophylaxis was 83%; median deviation between planned and actual infusion time was ± 2 hours.ConclusionHaemoassistTM 2 was used consistently over prolonged periods of time and allowed for precise analysis of adherence to prophylaxis.
Older patient and family discharge medication communication: A mixed‐methods study
Authors: Tobiano Georgia , Chaboyer Wendy , Teasdale Trudy , Cussen Julie , Raleigh Rachael , Manias Elizabeth 
Published: October 2020

AbstractRationale, aims, and objectivesMedication discrepancies place patients discharged from hospital at risk of adverse medication events. Patient and family participation in medication communication may improve medication safety. This study aimed to examine older medical patient and family participation in discharge medication communication.MethodsTwo‐phased mixed‐methods study. Data were collected from July 2018 to May 2019. Phase 1 comprised observations and a questionnaire of 30 patients pre‐hospital discharge. Phase 2 involved telephone interviews with 11 patients and family members post‐hospital discharge. Phase 1 analysis included descriptive statistics and deductive content analysis. Inductive content analysis was used in Phase 2. Phase 1 and 2 findings were integrated.ResultsFor Phase 1, observational data were deductively coded against the “continuum of patient participation”; information‐giving was the most frequent level of participation observed on the continuum, followed by information‐seeking, shared decision making, non‐involved, and finally autonomous decision making. For descriptive statistics, written communication tools, noise, and interruptions were frequently observed during medication communication. In Phase 2, three categories were found about how patients and families participate, and the factors influencing their participation: (a) obtaining comprehensive medication information; (b) preferred approaches for receiving information; and (c) speaking about medications in hospital. Integrated findings showed that written communication tools and routine hospital tasks may promote, while lack of family presence and environmental factors may hinder medication communication. Patients' and families' role in medication communication ranged from asking questions to influencing decisions, and was enhanced by health care professionals' patient‐centred communication.ConclusionsMore active patient and family participation could be achieved by encouraging them to identify medication‐related problems. To create a climate for patient and family participation, health care professionals should use written communication tools, capitalize on participation opportunities during routine hospital tasks, and use patient‐centred communication.
The biology and feeding ecology of Arctic charr in the Kerguelen Islands
Authors: Eldøy Sindre H. , Davidsen Jan G. , Vignon Matthias , Power Michael 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSubsequent to their introduction in the 1950s, Arctic charr Salvelinus alpinus have been able to establish a self‐sustaining population that has adapted to the unique conditions of the sub‐Antarctic Kerguelen Islands. Here, 48 individuals (198–415 mm) were caught with gillnets and their basic biology and feeding ecology were examined using stable isotope analysis. The Lac des Fougères population split use of littoral and pelagic resources evenly, although larger fish relied more heavily on littoral production and appear to follow the size‐dependent life history habitat template seen in many Scandinavian lakes where smaller sized individuals occupy the pelagic zone and larger individuals dominate the littoral habitat. In Kerguelen, Arctic charr mature at the same ages (5.6 years) as Arctic charr in both sub‐Arctic and Arctic lakes. Although mortality was average in comparison to comparator sub‐Arctic lakes, it was high in comparison to Arctic lakes. Maximal age (>7+) was at the lower end of the range typically seen in sub‐Arctic lakes. Although they inhabit a resource‐poor environment, Kerguelen Arctic charr showed no evidence of cannibalism. Thus, while Arctic charr can survive and reproduce in the relatively unproductive Kerguelen lake environments, survival and growth nevertheless appear to be traded off against survival and longevity. The uniqueness of the population location and the recency of its introduction suggest that further monitoring of the population has the potential to yield valuable insights into both the adaptability of the species and its likely responses to ongoing large‐scale environmental change as represented by climate change.
Ontogenetic allometry and scaling in catarrhine crania
Authors: Simons Evan A. , Frost Stephen R. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn studies of ontogenetic allometry, ontogenetic scaling has often been invoked to explain cranial morphological differences between smaller and larger forms of closely related taxa. These scaled variants in shape have been hypothesized to be the result of the extension or truncation of common growth allometries. In this scenario, change in size is the determining factor, perhaps under direct selection, and changes in cranial shapes are byproducts, not under direct selection themselves. However, many of these conclusions are based on studies that used bivariate generalizations of shape. Even among multivariate analyses of growth allometries, there are discrepancies as to the prevalence of ontogenetic scaling among primates, how shared the trajectories need to be, and which taxa evince properties of scaled variants. In this investigation, we use a large, comparative ontogenetic sample, geometric morphometric methods, and multivariate statistical tests to examine ontogenetic allometry and evaluate if differences in cranial shape among closely related catarrhines of varying sizes are primarily driven by size divergence, that is, ontogenetic scaling. We then evaluate the hypothesis of size as a line of least evolutionary resistance in catarrhine cranial evolution. We found that patterns of ontogenetic allometry vary among taxa, indicating that ontogenetic scaling sensu stricto does not often account for most morphological differences and that large and small taxa within clades are generally not scaled variants. The presence of a variety of ontogenetic pathways for the evolution of cranial shapes provides indirect evidence for selection acting directly on the cranial shape, rather than on size alone.