bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CyberKnife Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Small Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients with Decompensated Cirrhosis: protocol of study
Authors: Sun Jing , Li Wengang , Li Dong , Zhang Dan , Duan Xuezhang 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: There is a lack of data on the safety and the efficacy of stereotactic body radiotherapy in small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with decompensated cirrhosis, and this study was conducted to explore on this field.Methods: This study is designed as a mono-center study. The participants who were diagnosed with HCC and decompensated cirrhosis received Cyberknife stereotactic body radiation therapy (CK-SBRT). The primary outcome measures are to calculate overall survival rates (OS), progression-free survival rates (PFS) and local control rates (LC). The secondary outcome measures are to observe radiation-induced liver injury (RILD) rates after CK-SBRT. Moreover, adverse reactions are also observed.Discussion: HCC patients’ options of treatments were limited by poor liver function. CK-SBRT may offer an option for these patients. We propose to conduct a study to explore the efficacy and adverse reactions of CK-SBRT in treating HCC patients with decompensated cirrhosis (≤5 cm). The trial protocol has been approved by the Institutional Review Board of 302 Hospital of PLA (People’s Liberation Army). The Ethics number is 2020062D.Trail registration: Clinical trails number: NCT04512833. Date of registration: August, 2020. https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT04512833
LncRNA CRNDE Acts as a ceRNA and Regulates AML Cell Proliferation and Apoptosis via miR136-5p/MCM5 Axis
Authors: Liu Chen , Zhong Liang , Shen Chenlan , Chu Xuan , Luo Xu , Yu Lihua , Ye Jiao , Xiong Ling , Dan Wenran , Li Jian , Liu Beizhong 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Increasing evidence demonstrated that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) act as important factors in the regulation of cell processes and tumorigenesis. The long-noncoding RNA colorectal neoplasia differentially expressed (CRNDE) gene has been found to be related to several types of cancer. Although CRNDE is highly expressed in AML, its mechanism of action in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is unknown.Methods: The expression levels of CRNDE and miR-136-5p mRNAs were measured by quantitative real-time PCR. The effects of CRNDE knockdown on cell proliferation was assessed by the CCK8 assay, while apoptosis and cell cycle distribution were analyzed by flow cytometry. The expression of proteins related to cell cycle, cell apoptosis and MCM5 were analyzed by Western blotting. The luciferase reporter assay was used to confirm the interaction between CRNDE and miR-136-5p and between MCM5 and miR-136-5p in AML. The RNA immunoprecipitation assay was used to verify whether CRNDE exists in the miRNA mediated RISC complex.Results: In this study, we used GEPIA database to confirm that CRNDE expression was significantly upregulated in AML samples. The silencing of CRNDE inhibited AML cells’ proliferation ability, increased AML cells’ apoptotic rate and arrested AML cells at the G1 phase of the cell cycle. Mechanistically, CRNDE served as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) for miR-136-5p and upregulated MCM5 expression by sponging miR-136-5p. In addition, rescue assays revealed that the effects of CRNDE knockdown could be reversed by miR-136-5p inhibitors in AML cells. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that the CRNDE-miR-136-5p-MCM5 axis modulates AML progression and provide a new regulatory network of CRNDE in AML.
Civilian Gunshot Wounds to The Head: A Case Report, Clinical Management, and Literature Review.
Authors: Qi Haoyi 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Civilian Gunshot wounds to the head refers to the brain injury caused by projectiles such as gun projectiles and various fragments generated by explosives, gunpowder, etc. as a power launch or explosion. Gunshot wounds to the head is the deadliest of all gun injuries, according to literature statistics, the survival rate is only 9%.1 Due to the strict management of various types of firearms, they rarely occur, so the injury mechanism, injury and trauma analysis, clinical management, and surgical standards are almost based on military experience, and there are few related reports especially the head suffered a fatal blow more than once in a short time. We report a case with a return to almost complete recovery despite the patient suffered shots on the head twice in a short period of time.Case Presentations: We present a case of a 53-year old male who suffered twice gunshot injuries to the head under unknown circumstances. On initial presentation the patient had a Glasgow Coma Score of 6, unable to communicate, loss of consciousness. The first bullet penetrated from the right frontal area and finally reached the right occipital lobe. When the patient subconsciously covers his head with his hand, the second bullet through the patient's right palm bone, entered from the right frontotemporal, and stayed deep in the lateral sulcus. The patient had a cerebral hernia when he was admitted to the hospital, and immediately entered the operating room for rescue after a compute tomography scan. After two foreign body removals and one skull repair, the patient recovered completely.Conclusions: Gunshot wounds to the head have a high mortality rate and usually require aggressive management. Evaluation of most gunshot injuries requires extremely fast imaging examination upon arrival at the hospital followed by proactive treatment against infection, seizure and increased intracranial pressure. Surgical intervention is usually necessary, and its key point usually includes the timing of the operation, the method of operation, and the scope of the operation.
A Multi-parametric Prognostic Model Based on Clinical Features and Serological Markers Predicts Overall Survival in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients With Chronic Hepatitis B Viral Infection
Authors: Chen Shulin , Huang Hanqing , Liu Yijun , Lai Changchun , Peng Songguo , Zhou Lei , Chen Hao , Xu Yiwei , He Xia 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
To develop and validate a multi-parametric prognostic model based on clinical features and serological markers to estimate overall survival (OS) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with chronic hepatitis B viral (HBV) infection.
Methods
The prognostic model was generated by using Lasso regression in training cohort. The incremental predictive value of the model to traditional TNM staging and clinical treatment for individualized survival was evaluated by concordance index (C-index), time-dependent ROC (tdROC), and decision curve analysis (DCA). A model risk score nomogram for OS was built by combining TNM staging and clinical treatment. Then we stratified patients into high and low risk subgroups according to the model risk score. Difference in survival between subgroups was analyzed using Kaplan–Meier survival analysis. Furthermore, correlations between the prognostic model and TNM staging or treatment were analysed.
Results
The C-index values of the model for predicting OS were 0.769 and 0.676 in the training and validation cohorts, respectively, which were higher than that of TNM staging, and treatment, the tdROC curve and DCA also showed the model had good predictive accuracy and discriminatory power than TNM staging and treatment. And the nomogram shown some clinical net benefit. According to the model risk score, we divided the patients into low risk and high risk subgroups. The differences of OS rates were significant in the subgroups. Furthermore, the model was positive correlation with TNM staging and treatment.
Conclusions
The proposed prognostic model showed favorable performance than traditional TNM staging and clinical treatment for estimating OS in NSCLC (HBV+) patients.
The Narcissistic Personality Inventory 8: Validation of a Brief Measure of Narcissistic Personality
Authors: Schmalbach Bjarne , Zenger Markus , Nanette Tibubos Ana , Borkenhagen Ada , Strauss Bernhard , Brähler Elmar 
Published: August 2020

The present study was conducted with the aim of constructing and validating a short form of the Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI). The NPI is the most widely-applied measure for the assessment of narcissistic personality traits and, therefore, it is of great relevance for many research questions in personality and social psychology. To develop the short scale, we first found the optimal eight-item solution among all valid combinations of the NPI-15 items in an exploratory subsample (n = 1,165) of our complete representative sample of the German general population. We then validated this model in a confirmatory subsample (n = 1,126). Additionally, we examined its invariance across age groups and sex, as well as its reliability, as well as construct and predictive validity —comparing it to the NPI-15. Our results indicate that the NPI-8 is a valid and reliable measure of narcissistic personality with minimal losses compared to the 15-item version. Particularly where brevity and an economical assessment are desired, the NPI-8 should be considered.
Application of Environmetrics tools for geochemistry, water quality assessment and apportionment of pollution sources in Deepor Beel, Assam, India
Authors: Dash Siddhant , Borah Smitom Swapna , Kalamdhad Ajay S. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The present study uses four Environmetrics tools: hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), discriminant analysis (DA), principal component analysis (PCA), and positive matrix factorization (PMF) for the assessment of water quality and geochemistry of Deepor Beel, Assam, India. The hierarchical clustering classified the 23 sampling locations into three clusters, classifying them as sites of high, low, and moderate contamination respectively. The DA of the water quality dataset resulted in 9 parameters (EC, TDS, TSS, , Na+, Mg, Cd, Pb and OrgN), primarily responsible for the discrimination of the clusters. PCA was then employed on the normalized dataset for the identification of potential pollution sources. PCA yielded two significant principal components, describing anthropogenic and natural factors defining the water contamination. Finally, PMF was employed on the dataset matrix, with four pre-defined factors. Leaching from Boragaon landfill site, surface water runoff, discharge of effluents from the industries in the wetland and discharge from Basistha River were found to be the major contributors. The results of this study provide a comprehensive correlation between water quality parameters and their sources, which would thereby assist in better planning and management of wetland restoration.
Optimization study of biosorption of toxic metals from mining wastewater using Azadirachta indica bark adsorbents
Authors: Adetoro Ezekiel A. , Ojoawo Samson O. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The effectiveness of two Azadirachta indica bark activated carbons (ABAC) for the removal of selected toxic metals from mining wastewater and the attendant challenge of multivariate factors in the process were enhanced through optimization studies. Experimental design was carried out using adsorbent dosage, agitation rate, contact time, grain size, pH and temperature as independent variables. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted using the experimental design result, then the experimental data obtained were optimized using Design-Expert software and the results validated. Optimum values for ABAC-NaOH adsorbent were 1.999 g of adsorbent dosage, 149.73 rpm agitation rate, 119.55 min contact time, 2 mm grain size, pH of 7 and 30 °C temperature; while for ABAC-HCl adsorbent the optimum values were 3.993 g of adsorbent dosage, 150 rpm agitation rate, 120 min contact time, 2 mm grain size, pH of 7.001 and 30 °C temperature. These resulted in 100% removal efficiencies for all the selected toxic metals with standard errors of between 0.02 and 2.72%. So the optimization process is a very useful tool in adsorption studies. It has the merits of being economical, energy and time saving, and is therefore strongly recommended for the biosorption of toxic metals from mining wastewater using Azadirachta indica adsorbent.
Lead Finding from Selected Flavonoids with Antiviral (SARS-CoV-2) Potentials Against COVID-19: An In-silico Evaluation
Authors: Gorla Uma Sankar , Rao Koteswara , Kulandaivelu Uma Sankar , Alavala Rajasekhar Reddy , Panda Siva Prasad 
Published: August 2020

Background:
COVID-19 is a pandemic respiratory contagious viral (SARS-CoV-2) disease
associated with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Currently, there are no effective preventive
or treatment strategies for COVID-19 and it has been declared as a global health emergency
by WHO. In silico molecular docking studies can be useful to predict the binding affinity between
the phytocompound and the target protein and play a vital role in finding an inhibitor
through structure-based drug design.

Objective:
In this aspect, our objective was to screen essential flavonoids against possible protein
targets such as SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein receptor binding domain (RBD-S) and host Angiotensin
Converting Enzyme-2 protease domain (PD-ACE-2) using in silico molecular docking
studies.

Methods:
Approximately 49 flavonoids were identified and were evaluated for their drug-likeness
based on Lipinski rule, bioactivity scores, antiviral and toxicity profiles using SwissADME, Molinspiration,
PASS and GUSAR online tools. The flavonoids that passed Lipinski rule were subjected
to in silico analysis through molecular docking on RBD-S and PD-ACE-2 using Molegro Virtual
Docker v6.0.

Results:
The bioactive flavonoids that showed NIL violations and were found in compliance with
Lipinski rule were selected for docking studies. In silico analysis reported that biochanin A and silymarin
bind significantly at the active sites of RBD-S and PD-ACE-2 with a MolDock score of
-78.41and -121.28 kcal/mol respectively. Bioactivity scores, antiviral potential and toxicity profiles
were predicted for the top interacting phytocompounds and substantial relevant data was reported.

Conclusion:
The current outcomes created a new paradigm for understanding biochanin A and silymarin
bioflavonoids as potent inhibitors of RBD-S and PD-ACE-2 targets respectively. Further
work can be extended to confirm their therapeutic potential for COVID-19.
Small Molecule Regulation of Stem Cells that Generate Bone, Chondrocyte, and Cardiac Cells
Authors: Cashman John R. 
Published: August 2020

:
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are stem cells (SCs) that can self-renew and differentiate into a
myriad of cell types. The process of developing stemness is determined by signaling molecules that drive
stem cells to a specific lineage. For example, ESCs can differentiate into mature cells (e.g., cardiomyocytes)
and mature cardiomyocytes can be characterized for cell beating, action potential, and ion channel
function. A goal of this Perspective is to show how small molecules can be used to differentiate ESCs into
cardiomyocytes and how this can reveal novel aspects of SC biology. This approach can also lead to the
discovery of new molecules of use in cardiovascular disease.

:
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) afford the ability to produce unlimited numbers of normal
human cells. The creation of patient-specific hiPSCs provides an opportunity to study cell models of human
disease. The second goal is to show that small molecules can stimulate hiPSC commitment to cardiomyocytes.
How iPSCs can be used in an approach to discover new molecules of use in cardiovascular
disease will also be shown in this study.

:
Adult SCs, including mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), can likewise participate in self-renewal and multilineage
differentiation. MSCs are capable of differentiating into osteoblasts, adipocytes or chondrocytes.
A third goal of this Perspective is to describe differentiation of MSCs into chondrogenic and osteogenic
lineages. Small molecules can stimulate MSCs to specific cell fate both in vitro and in vivo. In this Perspective,
some recent examples of applying small molecules for osteogenic and chondrogenic cell fate
determination are summarized. Underlying molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways involved are
described. Small molecule-based modulation of stem cells shows insight into cell regulation and potential
approaches to therapeutic strategies for MSC-related diseases.
Aspects of Matrix Effects in Applications of Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry to Catecholamine Analysis-A Review
Authors: Özcan Saniye , Levent Serkan , Can Nafiz Öncü 
Published: August 2020

Background:
Recently, liquid chromatography based on tandem mass spectrometry (LCMS/
MS) has become an efficient tool in analyzes of many compounds in various biological matrices.
However, as known by researchers, these biological matrices cause various interferences by suppressing
(ion suppression) or increasing ionization (ion enhancement). Since this challenge was recognized
in the 1990s, many studies have been published on it, and its causes have been reviewed
countless times for various compounds. However, none of the current studies specifically addressed
aspects of matrix effects that have to do with catecholamines.

Discussion:
This review will focus on these issues, critically discussing experiments and results of
matrix effects in LC-MS/MS applications on catecholamine analysis in various biological matrices.
Moreover, it can guide the performance of studies on matrix effects in LC-MS/MS procedures in
bioanalytical systems.

Conclusion:
This article is useful for academics such as analytical chemists, pharmacologists and also
members of the pharmaceutical industry working on catecholamines and liquid chromatographymass
spectrometry.
The Natural Flavonoid Naringenin Inhibits the Cell Growth of Wilms Tumor in Children by Suppressing TLR4/NF-κB Signaling
Authors: Li Hongtao , Chen Peng , Chen Lei , Wang Xinning 
Published: August 2020

Background:Nuclear Factor-kappa B (NF-κB) is usually activated in Wilms Tumor (WT) cells and plays a critical role in WT development.Objective:The study's purpose was to screen for a NF-κB inhibitor from the natural product library and explore its effects on WT development.Methods:Luciferase assay was employed to assess the effects of natural chemicals on NF-κB activity. CCK-8 assay was conducted to assess cell growth in response to naringenin. WT xenograft model was established to analyze the effect of naringenin in vivo. Quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot were performed to examine the mRNA and protein levels of relative genes, respectively.Results:Naringenin displayed a significant inhibitory effect on NF-κB activation in SK-NEP-1 cells. In SKNEP- 1 and G-401 cells, naringenin inhibited p65 phosphorylation. Moreover, naringenin suppressed TNF-α- induced p65 phosphorylation in WT cells. Naringenin inhibited TLR4 expression at both mRNA and protein levels in WT cells. CCK-8 staining showed that naringenin inhibited cell growth of the two above WT cells in doseand time-dependent manner, whereas Toll-Like Receptor 4 (TLR4) overexpression partially reversed the above phenomena. Besides, naringenin suppressed WT tumor growth in a dose- and time-dependent manner in vivo. Western blot found that naringenin inhibited TLR4 expression and p65 phosphorylation in WT xenograft tumors.Conclusion:Naringenin inhibits WT development via suppressing TLR4/NF-κB signaling.
Determining Serum Levels of IL-10 and IL-17 in Patients with Low Back Pain Caused by Lumbar Disc Degeneration
Authors: Banimostafavi Elham Sadat , Fakhar Mahdi , Abediankenari Saeid , Alizadeh-Navaei Reza , Mehdipour Khashayar , Omrani-Nava Versa , Majidi Hadi 
Published: August 2020

Background:
Low Back Pain (LBP) is a common health problem that affects different
aspects of a person's life. Degeneration of the intervertebral disc is a major cause of LBP. Interleukin-
17 (IL-17) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine. In contrast, interleukin-10 (IL-10) prevents the occurrence
of immune over-stimulation by inhibiting inflammation. The purpose of this study was to
evaluate the serum levels of these cytokines in LBP patients and in the control group.

Methods:
In a case-control study, 87 patients, including 59 patients with low back pain and 28
healthy subjects, were examined after magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) approval. After recording
demographic data, 5 ml of peripheral blood samples were obtained from the subjects, and enzyme-
linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) technique was performed to measure IL-10 and IL-17
in serum samples. All analysis was performed in the SPSS software version 20 at a significant level
of 0.05.

Result:
The case group consisted of 21 males and 38 females with mean age 49.6 yrs., and the control
group consisted of 14 males and 14 females with a mean age of 36. The mean body mass index
(BMI) was 26.5 in the patients and 25.4 in the control group (P>0.05). Serum levels of inflammatory
cytokine IL-10 and IL-17 were significantly lower and higher in patients than controls, respectively
(P=0.04, P=0.03).

Conclusion:
Differences in serum levels of IL-17 and IL-10 in the LBP group compared with the
healthy group may indicate the role of inflammatory and autoimmune processes in causing disk damage.
These findings could potentially be used by future studies to develop new LBP therapeutic
strategies.
Cancer Microbiome; Opportunities and Challenges
Authors: Nallanchakravarthula Srivathsa , Amruta Narayanappa , Ramamurthy Chitteti 
Published: August 2020

Background:
Microbe-host association has emerged as a modulator in modern
medicine. Cancer and its associated host microbes are collectively referred to as the cancer microbiome.
The cancer microbiome is complex, and many aspects remain unclear including metabolic
plasticity, microenvironment remodeling, cellular communications, and unique signatures within
the host, all of which have a vital role in homeostasis and pathogenesis of host physiology. However,
the role of the microbiome in cancer initiation, progression, and therapy is still poorly understood
and remains to be explored.

Objective:
The objective of this review is to elucidate the role of the microbiome in cancer
metabolism and the tumor microenvironment. It also focuses on the importance of therapeutic opportunities
and challenges in the manipulation of the cancer microbiome.

Methods:
A literature search was conducted on the role of the microbiome in cancer initiation, progression,
and therapy.

Conclusion:
The tumor microenvironment and cancer metabolism are significant in host-microbiome
interactions. The microbiome can modulate standard cancer therapies like chemotherapy
and immunotherapy. Microbiome transplantation has also been demonstrated as an effective therapy
against cancer. Furthermore, the modulation of the microbiome also has potential clinical outcomes
in modern medicine.