bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Subcutaneous granuloma annulare mimicking dermatomyositis
Authors: Maoz Karin , Greenberger Shoshana , Maly Alexander , Merims Sharon , Tirosh Irit , Barzilai Aviv , Molho‐Pessach Vered 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWe present three children who presented with papules and plaques over the knuckles, mimicking Gottron's papules of juvenile dermatomyositis, as well as subcutaneous nodules over the joints of the extremities that were initially thought to represent calcinosis cutis. However, thorough clinical and laboratory evaluation, as well as imaging, failed to support this diagnosis. Skin biopsies were consistent with a diagnosis of subcutaneous granuloma annulare. This unique phenotype of granuloma annulare should be recognized in order to prevent erroneous diagnosis and treatment.
The relationship between belief and credence
Authors: Jackson Elizabeth G. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractSometimes epistemologists theorize aboutbelief, a tripartite attitude on which one can believe, withhold belief, or disbelieve a proposition. In other cases, epistemologists theorize aboutcredence, a fine‐grained attitude that represents one's subjective probability or confidence level toward a proposition. How do these two attitudes relate to each other? This article explores the relationship between belief and credence in two categories: descriptive and normative. It then explains the broader significance of the belief‐credence connection and concludes with general lessons from the debate thus far. Video Abstract link:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3eOSlPVYxI8&feature=youtu.be
Towards a socially situated rumouring: Historical and critical perspectives of rumour transmission
Authors: Pelletier Petra , Drozda‐Senkowska Ewa 
Published: April 2020

AbstractRumours are an ubiquitous feature of people's social life and one of the oldest topics in social psychology. Rumours, which tend to spread during crisis situations, allow people to mitigate unpleasant feelings and construct a meaning of the surrounding world. Rumour transmission has been associated with a number of specific individual (e.g., anxiety, personal involvement) and situational (e.g., ambiguity, uncertainty) characteristics and studied with the serial reproduction paradigm (Allport & Postman, 1947) in laboratory settings. The main criticism of rumour research has been its focus on primarily individual‐level analyses in an attempt to explain a social phenomenon. Furthermore, the classic serial reproduction paradigm tends to omit the essential properties of interpersonal interactions and communication processes. Despite the recent and rapidly growing trend of social network methods in social and behavioural sciences, rumour research could also include a finer analysis of individuals' social characteristics and the related complexity of real‐life communication processes. Therefore, the integration of a socially situated approach to rumour transmission might be especially relevant for rumour research and promising for the study of other social phenomena by extension.
Overproduction of PGR5 enhances the electron sink downstream of photosystem I in a C4 plant, Flaveria bidentis
Authors: Tazoe Youshi , Ishikawa Noriko , Shikanai Toshiharu , Ishiyama Keiki , Takagi Daisuke , Makino Amane , Sato Fumihiko , Endo Tsuyoshi 
Published: April 2020

SUMMARYC4 plants can fix CO2 efficiently using CO2‐concentrating mechanisms (CCMs), but they require additional ATP. To supply the additional ATP, C4 plants operate at higher rates of cyclic electron transport around photosystem I (PSI), in which electrons are transferred from ferredoxin to plastoquinone. Recently, it has been reported that the NAD(P)H dehydrogenase‐like complex (NDH) accumulated in the thylakoid membrane in leaves of C4 plants, making it a candidate for the additional synthesis of ATP used in the CCM. In addition, C4 plants have higher levels of PROTON GRADIENT REGULATION 5 (PGR5) expression, but it has been unknown how PGR5 functions in C4 photosynthesis. In this study, PGR5 was overexpressed in a C4 dicot, Flaveria bidentis. In PGR5‐overproducing (OP) lines, PGR5 levels were 2.3‐ to 3.0‐fold greater compared with wild‐type plants. PGR5‐like PHOTOSYNTHETIC PHENOTYPE 1 (PGRL1), which cooperates with PGR5, increased with PGR5. A spectroscopic analysis indicated that in the PGR5‐OP lines, the acceptor side limitation of PSI was reduced in response to a rapid increase in photon flux density. Although it did not affect CO2 assimilation, the overproduction of PGR5 contributed to an enhanced electron sink downstream of PSI.
Global transcriptome analysis reveals circadian control of splicing events in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Romanowski Andrés , Schlaen Rubén G. , Perez‐Santangelo Soledad , Mancini Estefanía , Yanovsky Marcelo J. 
Published: April 2020

SummaryThe circadian clock of Arabidopsis thaliana controls many physiological and molecular processes, allowing plants to anticipate daily changes in their environment. However, developing a detailed understanding of how oscillations in mRNA levels are connected to oscillations in co/post‐transcriptional processes, such as splicing, has remained a challenge. Here we applied a combined approach using deep transcriptome sequencing and bioinformatics tools to identify novel circadian‐regulated genes and splicing events. Using a stringent approach, we identified 300 intron retention, eight exon skipping, 79 alternative 3′ splice site usage, 48 alternative 5′ splice site usage, and 350 multiple (more than one event type) annotated events under circadian regulation. We also found seven and 721 novel alternative exonic and intronic events. Depletion of the circadian‐regulated splicing factor AtSPF30 homologue resulted in the disruption of a subset of clock‐controlled splicing events. Altogether, our global circadian RNA‐seq coupled with an in silico, event‐centred, splicing analysis tool offers a new approach for studying the interplay between the circadian clock and the splicing machinery at a global scale. The identification of many circadian‐regulated splicing events broadens our current understanding of the level of control that the circadian clock has over this co/post‐transcriptional regulatory layer.
Customer priorities for water and wastewater services: a comparative evaluation of three elicitation methods
Authors: Sayles Rebecca , Smith Heather M. , Jeffrey Paul 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWater service providers are being urged to incorporate customer preferences into their investment plans with the relative merits of different elicitation techniques being exposed to greater scrutiny. Though elicitation can be undertaken with a range of methods, there is little understanding of their comparative performance in terms of being able to generate consistent or commensurable outcomes. This study reports an evaluation of both intra and inter method consistency for three preference elicitation methods. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient is used to measure consistency within and between elicitation methods and session transcripts provide additional evidence to support interpretation of the ranking process. Findings exposed low intramethod variation but significant variation in some intermethod comparisons. Discussion focuses on the internal dynamics of each method with conclusions calling for a wider range of methods to be studied so as to improve practitioner confidence in the use of these tools.
Near-Field Radiative Heat Transfer Between Two α-MoO3 Biaxial Crystals
Authors: Wu Xiaohu , Fu Ceji , Zhang Zhuomin M. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The near-field radiative heat transfer (NFRHT) between two semi-infinite α-MoO3 biaxial crystals is investigated numerically based on the fluctuation–dissipation theorem combined with the modified 4 × 4 transfer matrix method in this paper. In the calculations, the near-field radiative heat flux (NFRHF) along each of the crystalline directions of α-MoO3 is obtained by controlling the orientation of the biaxial crystals. The results show that much larger heat flux than that between two semi-infinite hexagonal boron nitride can be achieved in the near-field regime, and the maximum heat flux is along the [001] crystalline direction. The mechanisms for the large radiative heat flux are explained as due to existence of hyperbolic phonon polaritons (HPPs) inside α-MoO3 and excitation of hyperbolic surface phonon polaritons (HSPhPs) at the vacuum/α-MoO3 interfaces. The effect of relative rotation between the emitter and the receiver on the heat flux is also investigated. It is found that the heat flux varies significantly with the relative rotation angle. The modulation contrast can be as large as two when the heat flux is along the [010] direction. We attribute the large modulation contrast mainly to the misalignment of HSPhPs and HPPs between the emitter and the receiver. Hence, the results obtained in this work may provide a promising way for manipulating near-field radiative heat transfer between anisotropic materials.
Effects of Heat Flux, Mass Flux, Inlet Fluid Subcooling, and Channel Orientation on Subcooled Flow Boiling in a High-Aspect-Ratio Rectangular Microchannel
Authors: Li Wei , Chen Zengchao , Li Junye , Zhou Kan , Feng Zhaozan 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
An experimental investigation of subcooled flow boiling in a high-aspect-ratio, one-sided heating, silicon-based rectangular microchannel was conducted utilizing de-ionized water as the working fluid. The microchannel was 5.01 mm wide and 0.52 mm high, having a hydraulic diameter of 0.94 mm and an aspect ratio (AR) of 10. The heat flux, mass flux, and inlet fluid subcooling were in the ranges of 0–30 W/cm2, 200–500 kg/m2 s, and 5–20 °C, respectively, while the orientations were vertical and horizontal. Parametric study on heat transfer characteristics including the onset of nucleate boiling (ONB), heat transfer coefficient (HTC), and critical heat flux (CHF) was carried out combined with flow visualization. Significant appearance of ONB without boiling hysteresis was observed in the boiling curve, accompanied with bubble nucleation. Nucleate boiling occurred first near the exit, where the HTC increased more sharply, while easier bubble nucleation was found near the sides. Unique time-dependent flow pattern consisting of isolated bubbly flow, elongated bubbly flow, partial dry-out, and rewetting process was observed. More nucleation sites were activated at higher heat flux, while higher initial heat flux and wall superheat for ONB as well as higher CHF value were obtained at higher mass flux and inlet subcooling. Compared to the vertical channel, higher wall temperature and pressure drop with larger oscillation amplitudes were found for the horizontal counterpart, where the merged bubbles agglomerated in the heating section, resulting in earlier dry-out which deteriorated heat transfer.
Forming Diverse Teams From Sequentially Arriving People
Authors: Ahmed Faez , Dickerson John , Fuge Mark 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Collaborative work often benefits from having teams or organizations with heterogeneous members. In this paper, we present a method to form such diverse teams from people arriving sequentially over time. We define a monotone submodular objective function that combines the diversity and quality of a team and proposes an algorithm to maximize the objective while satisfying multiple constraints. This allows us to balance both how diverse the team is and how well it can perform the task at hand. Using crowd experiments, we show that, in practice, the algorithm leads to large gains in team diversity. Using simulations, we show how to quantify the additional cost of forming diverse teams and how to address the problem of simultaneously maximizing diversity for several attributes (e.g., country of origin and gender). Our method has applications in collaborative work ranging from team formation, the assignment of workers to teams in crowdsourcing, and reviewer allocation to journal papers arriving sequentially. Our code is publicly accessible for further research.
Mobility Analysis of Thin-Panel Origamis Based on a Coplanar 2-Twist Screw System
Authors: Wang Sen , Huang Hailin , Li Bing , Yang Xiaojun 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This paper presents an intuitive approach for mobility analysis of thin-panel origamis based on a coplanar 2-twist screw system, which consists of a pair of parallel/concurrent line vectors. In this study, we first proved that in any thin-panel origami, the allowable instantaneous mobility for any two facets connected to a third one can be described by a coplanar 2-twist screw system because this mobility is generated by two coplanar creases in the third facet. Second, the mobility of the basic origami units with a single facet loop was analyzed by using this coplanar 2-twist screw system. Third, the mobility analysis approach was extended to analyze the mobility of other planar/circular arraying origami patterns with multiple facet loops; typical origami patterns such as leaf-fold, Miura-ori were subjected to this analysis process. Furthermore, we proved that the proposed approach can be applied to the mobility analysis of complicated origamis; this approach proved to be considerably more intuitive than the traditional approach for mobility analysis.
Effects of Jet Dilution and Co-Flow on Sooting Characteristics of Hydrocarbon Fuels
Authors: Goh S. F. , Kusadomi S. , Gollahalli S. R. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
A study was conducted to understand the effects of dilution and co-flow on the sooting characteristics of hydrocarbon fuels. Measurements of the critical mass flow rate of a fuel at the threshold of smoking and the mass flow rate of the dilution gas (nitrogen) required to suppress smoking at several fuel flow rates were obtained. At the same time, the radiation emission and flame heights were also measured. Also recorded was the axial radiation profile at the critical fuel mass flow rate. Three fuels of differing sooting propensities were used: ethylene (C2H4), propylene (C3H6), and propane (C3H8). A 3.2 mm ID burner was employed. The results showed that propylene had the highest critical fuel flow rate and the highest nitrogen dilution required to suppress smoking, followed by ethylene and propane. Besides, propylene produced the highest flame radiation, followed by ethylene and propane. The variation of nitrogen flow rate required for smoke suppression with fuel flow rate exhibited a skewed bell shape for all fuels. The co-flow had no significant effect on flame soot liberation characteristics.
An Analytical Study of Turbulent Dispersion of Bubbles
Authors: Lawson Anthony L. , Parthasarathy Ramkumar N. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
An analysis of the dispersion of bubbles in homogenous and isotropic turbulent liquid flows was performed to study the effects of bubble and flow characteristics on their dispersion. Bubbles were assumed to be spherical and to follow the fluid motion in the mean. No mass transfer occurred between the bubble and liquid; also, there was no interaction between individual bubbles. It was found that for accurate prediction of bubble dispersion requires a simultaneous consideration of the inertia of the added mass of liquid (because the inertia of the bubble itself is small) and the bubble rise velocity. Normalized bubble diffusivity, root-mean-square fluctuating velocity, and Lagrangian integral time scale were related to two non-dimensional parameters: ratio of the added mass response time to the liquid flow integral time scale, and the ratio of the bubble rise velocity to the root-mean-square liquid velocity fluctuation. In general, the bubble Lagrangian velocity auto-correlations decreased as the rise velocity ratio increased. The dependence of the autocorrelations on the time-scale ratio was complex. A surprising result was that the bubble velocity fluctuations could exceed the liquid velocity fluctuations for certain conditions because of their low inertia.
Prediction of Vibration Properties of Sandwich Panel Using Thick Plate Theory
Authors: Liu Qunli , Zhao Yi 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The vibration of a sandwich panel with two identical isotropic facesheets and an orthotropic core was studied. The governing partial differential equation was derived using variational principle. Kirchhoff’s theory was applied to describe the deformation of the panel, and the rotational effect was taken into consideration. The frequencies of free vibration of a rectangular panel can be predicted based on the proposed analytical model. Results based on the proposed model were compared with those from thin plate theory. The effect of orthotropic core on frequencies was also discussed.
Applications of Materials Selection for Joining Composite/Alloy Piping Systems
Authors: Crosby Karen E. , Smith Brett H. , Mensah Patrick F. , Stubblefield Michael A. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
A study in collaboration between investigators at Southern University and Louisiana State University in Baton Rouge, Louisiana and NASA/MSFC is examining materials for modeling and analysis of heat-activated thermal coupling for joining composite to composite/alloy structures. The short-term objectives of this research are to develop a method for joining composite or alloy structures, as well as to study the effects of thermal stress on composite-to-alloy joints. This investigation will result in the selection of a suitable metallic alloy. Al-Li alloys have potential for this purpose in aerospace applications due to their excellent strength-to-weight ratio. The study of Al-Li and other alloys is of significant importance to this and other aerospace as well as offshore related interests. Further research will incorporate the use of computer aided design and rapid prototype hardware for conceptual design and verification of a potential composite piping delivery system.
Analysis of Adhesion Bond: Rehablitation of Deficient Structures Using Composite Plates
Authors: Hailu Haftay , Woldesenbet Eyassu 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The state of considerable number of structurally deficient or functionally obsolete infrastructure in the US, along with the prohibitive cost of replacement has opened a way for the search of innovative methods of rehabilitation. One such method is the use of composite plates adhesively bonded to concrete to prevent the propagation of crack within the concrete structure. Due to their high specific strength and corrosion resistance, composite materials serve better than conventional construction materials. The load transfer and the resulting stress distribution in the composite plate and adhesive layer can be investigated analytically and numerically. In this paper, analytical model is selected and used to analyze and predict the failure conditions of the adhesive. Parametric study is also included to understand the effects of the length and thickness of the adhesion bond, the modulus of the adherents and the adhesive. Finally, a general equation of the adhesion bond strength of the single-lap joint is presented for general shear stress-strain behavior of the adhesive.
New Technologies for Managing Oil Field Waste
Authors: Veil John A. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Each year, the oil industry generates millions of barrels of wastes that need to be properly managed. For many years, most oil field wastes were disposed of at a significant cost. However, over the past decade, the industry has developed many processes and technologies to minimize the generation of wastes and to more safely and economically dispose of the waste that is generated. Many companies follow a three-tiered waste management approach. First, companies try to minimize waste generation when possible. Next, they try to find ways to reuse or recycle the wastes that are generated. Finally, the wastes that cannot be reused or recycled must be disposed of.
For the past seven years, Argonne National Laboratory has been evaluating the feasibility of various oil field waste management technologies for the U.S. Department of Energy. This paper provides brief overviews of four of the technologies Argonne has reviewed. In the area of waste minimization, the industry has developed synthetic-based drilling muds (SBMs) that have the desired drilling properties of oil-based muds without the accompanying adverse environmental impacts. Use of SBMs avoids significant air pollution from work boats hauling offshore cuttings to shore for disposal. Downhole oil/water separators have been developed to separate produced water from oil at the bottom of wells. The produced water is directly injected to an underground formation without ever being lifted to the surface, thereby avoiding potential for groundwater or soil contamination. In the area of reuse/recycle, Argonne has worked with Southeastern Louisiana University and industry to develop a process to use treated drill cuttings to restore wetlands in coastal Louisiana. Finally, Argonne has conducted a series of four baseline studies to characterize the use of salt cavern for safe and economic disposal of oil field wastes.
Experimental Investigation of Multiple Solutions for Liquid Holdup in Upward Inclined Stratified Flow
Authors: Smith Steven P. , Gregory Garry A. , Yarranton Harvey W. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The mechanistic model of Taitel and Dukler [1] has previously been reported to exhibit a region in which three solutions exist for the height of the gas-liquid interface in the stratified/wave flow regime. Most laboratory studies have not dealt with flow rates in the ranges where the multiple solutions occur. An experimental study has been carried out at the University of Calgary to obtain such data.
The object of this work is to review the relevant theory, investigate situations where theory suggests that multiple solutions should exist, and attempt to show whether or not such solutions do physically exist.
Computation of Turbulent Gas-Particle Flows Behind a Bluffbody
Authors: Chen X.-Q. , Renksizbulut M. , Li X. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
A numerical analysis of multisized glass particles interacting with a confined bluffbody flow was performed by combining the finite-volume method for the gaseous flow with the Lagrangian approach for the particulate flow. The second-moment Reynolds-stress model was used to predict the turbulent gaseous flow in a gas-particle system, where an improved eddy-interaction model was used to predict turbulence-induced particle dispersion. The interaction between the two phases was accounted for in terms of coupling sources. Numerical predictions of two-phase mean and fluctuating velocities for different particle sizes were compared with corresponding experimental data. Reasonably good agreement was achieved for the mean properties of both the gaseous and particulate flows.
RWAG: A Tool for Dynamic Web Application Development
Authors: Song Hongqing , Huang Stephen 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The purpose of this tool, Rapid Web Application Generator (RWAG), is to allow a user to create a database-driven web application without the knowledge of DBMS and server-side programming. RWAG automatically generates database definitions and ASP pages for manipulating the data. The advantages of using RWAG are as follows: first, a user can create web applications in minutes without ever having to write any code (no need to know ASP, Perl, or Java); secondly, an advanced user can leverage his knowledge of ASP, Perl, Java, JavaScript, HTML, XML and DBMS to expand and customize the web application; thirdly, RWAG allows a user to own a record in the database, which means a record can only be edited by the user who creates it; finally, RWAG provides multiple user access levels. RWAG is ideal for a group of users to share information on the web.