bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A fusion of CD63–BCAR4 identified in lung adenocarcinoma promotes tumorigenicity and metastasis
Authors: Bae Kieun , Kim Jin Hee , Jung Hyojik , Kong Sun-Young , Kim Yun-Hee , Kim Sunshin , Lee Geon Kook , Lee Jin Soo , Lee Jake June-Koo , Ju Young Seok , Choi Yang-Kyu , Yoon Kyong-Ah 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
Recently, fusion variants of the breast cancer anti-oestrogen-resistance 4 (BCAR4) gene were recurrently discovered in lung adenocarcinoma from the genome-wide studies. However, the functional characterisation of BCAR4 fusion has not been investigated.

Methods
Based on the analysis of RNA-sequencing data, we identified a fusion transcript of CD63–BCAR4 in a Korean patient with lung adenocarcinoma who did not harbour any known activating mutations in EGFR and KRAS genes. To investigate the oncogenic effect of CD63–BCAR4, in vitro and in vivo animal experiments were performed.

Results
In vitro experiments showed strongly enhanced cell migration and proliferation by the exogenous expression of CD63–BCAR4 protein in bronchial epithelial cells. Cell migration was notably reduced after knockdown of BCAR4 fusion by small-interfering RNA. The tumorigenic and metastatic capability of the CD63–BCAR4 fusion was confirmed by using the mouse xenograft model. Fusion-overexpressed cells result in metastasis to the liver and lung as well as the primary tumours after subcutaneous injection into mice. Cyclin D1, MMP1, Slug and mesenchymal markers were significantly increased after CD63–BCAR4 overexpression in the in vitro and in vivo experiments.

Conclusions
Taken together, our results suggest a newly identified fusion gene, CD63–BCAR4 as a potential novel oncogene in lung adenocarcinoma.
CARF promotes spermatogonial self-renewal and proliferation through Wnt signaling pathway
Authors: Cui Wenhao , He Xiaoli , Zhai Xiaohong , Zhang Huan , Zhang Yuanwei , Jin Fei , Song Xiaomin , Wu Dianqing , Shi Qinghua , Li Lin 
Published: November 2020

AbstractCollaborator of ARF (CARF) regulates cell proliferative fate through both p53-dependent and -independent mechanisms. Recently, we reported a new function of CARF as a positive regulator of Wnt signaling. Despite these findings, the physiological function of CARF has not been well studied. Here, we generated CARF knockout mice and found that male CARF−/− mice exhibited significantly impaired fertility and Sertoli-cell-only (SCO) syndrome phenotypes. Further studies revealed that loss of CARF in Sertoli cells led to decreased GDNF expression, which hindered spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) self-renewal. Meanwhile, CARF loss in undifferentiated spermatogonia impaired their proliferation. These two mechanisms together led to SCO syndrome phenotypes, which could be functionally rescued by pharmacological or genetic reactivation of Wnt signaling. Finally, we identified CARFS351F as a potential pathogenic mutation in an SCO patient. Overall, our findings reveal important roles of CARF in spermatogonial self-renewal and proliferation through the Wnt signaling pathway.
Open resource of clinical data from patients with pneumonia for the prediction of COVID-19 outcomes via deep learning
Authors: Ning Wanshan , Lei Shijun , Yang Jingjing , Cao Yukun , Jiang Peiran , Yang Qianqian , Zhang Jiao , Wang Xiaobei , Chen Fenghua , Geng Zhi , Xiong Liang , Zhou Hongmei , Guo Yaping , Zeng Yulan , Shi Heshui , Wang Lin , Xue Yu , Wang Zheng 
Published: November 2020

AbstractData from patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are essential for guiding clinical decision making, for furthering the understanding of this viral disease, and for diagnostic modelling. Here, we describe an open resource containing data from 1,521 patients with pneumonia (including COVID-19 pneumonia) consisting of chest computed tomography (CT) images, 130 clinical features (from a range of biochemical and cellular analyses of blood and urine samples) and laboratory-confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) clinical status. We show the utility of the database for prediction of COVID-19 morbidity and mortality outcomes using a deep learning algorithm trained with data from 1,170 patients and 19,685 manually labelled CT slices. In an independent validation cohort of 351 patients, the algorithm discriminated between negative, mild and severe cases with areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.944, 0.860 and 0.884, respectively. The open database may have further uses in the diagnosis and management of patients with COVID-19.
Spatial organization in microbial range expansion emerges from trophic dependencies and successful lineages
Authors: Borer Benedict , Ciccarese Davide , Johnson David , Or Dani 
Published: November 2020

AbstractEvidence suggests that bacterial community spatial organization affects their ecological function, yet details of the mechanisms that promote spatial patterns remain difficult to resolve experimentally. In contrast to bacterial communities in liquid cultures, surface-attached range expansion fosters genetic segregation of the growing population with preferential access to nutrients and reduced mechanical restrictions for cells at the expanding periphery. Here we elucidate how localized conditions in cross-feeding bacterial communities shape community spatial organization. We combine experiments with an individual based mathematical model to resolve how trophic dependencies affect localized growth rates and nucleate successful cell lineages. The model tracks individual cell lineages and attributes these with trophic dependencies that promote counterintuitive reproductive advantages and result in lasting influences on the community structure, and potentially, on its functioning. We examine persistence of lucky lineages in structured habitats where expansion is interrupted by physical obstacles to gain insights into patterns in porous domains.
Lösungsmöglichkeiten bei fehlgeschlagener Osteosynthese am proximalen Femur
Authors: Müller Christof A. 
Published: November 2020

ZusammenfassungRevisionseingriffe sind anspruchsvoll und eine genaue Problemanalyse ist Voraussetzung für eine erfolgreiche Behandlung. Dabei sind alle Aspekte, wie die Biomechanik, Vaskularität sowie die individuellen Ansprüche des Patienten zu berücksichtigen. Nur bei Kenntnis verschiedener Osteosynthesetechniken, Techniken der Endoprothetik und Revisionsendoprothetik können komplexe Situationen bestmöglich gelöst werden.
Netzhautablösung – Teil 2
Authors: Schaub Friederike , Schick Tina 
Published: November 2020

ZusammenfassungDieser Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit der Behandlung der Netzhautablösung. Hier wird unterschieden zwischen behandlungsbedürftigen Ablatiovorstufen, die retinopexiert werden, und der manifesten Netzhautablösung, welche weiterführender Chirurgie bedarf. Nicht immer bedeutet ein anatomischer Erfolg zugleich auch einen funktionellen Erfolg. Typische postoperative Komplikationen und Einflussfaktoren auf das anatomische und funktionelle Ergebnis werden vorgestellt und diskutiert.
Effectiveness of topical budesonide in preventing esophageal strictures after endoscopic resection of esophageal cancer
Authors: van de Ven Steffi Elisabeth Maria , Snijders Manon J.B.L. , Bruno Marco J. , Koch Arjun Dave 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background and study aims A disadvantage of endoscopic resection (ER) of early esophageal cancer (EC) is the high stricture rate after resection. A risk factor for stricture development is a mucosal defect after ER of ≥ 75 % of the esophageal circumference. Stricture rates up to 94 % have been reported in these patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of oral treatment with topical budesonide for stricture prevention after ER of early EC.
Patients and methods We performed a retrospective analysis of a prospective cohort study of patients who received topical budesonide after ER of EC between March 2015 and April 2020. The primary endpoint was the esophageal stricture rate after ER. Stricture rates of our cohort were compared with stricture rates of control groups in the literature.
Results In total, 42 patients were treated with ER and topical budesonide. A total of 18 of 42 patients (44.9 %) developed a stricture. The pooled stricture rate of control groups in the literature was 75.3 % (95 % CI 68.8 %-81.9 %). Control groups consisted of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma with a mucosal defect after ER of ≥ 75 % of the esophageal circumference. Comparable patients of our cohort had a lower stricture rate (47.8 % vs. 75.3 %, P = 0.007).
Conclusions Topical budesonide therapy after ER for EC seems to be a safe and effective method in preventing strictures. The stricture rate after budesonide treatment is lower compared to the stricture rate of patients who did not receive a preventive treatment after ER reported in the literature.
Polysaccharide hemostatic powder to prevent bleeding after endoscopic submucosal dissection in high risk patients: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Jung Da Hyun , Moon Hee Seok , Park Chan Hyuk , Park Jun Chul 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background Bleeding after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is a severe adverse event. Several methods to prevent post-ESD bleeding (PEB) have been introduced; however, they have not been widely used because of technical difficulties. We aimed to investigate whether polysaccharide hemostatic powder (PHP), which is very easy to apply, can prevent early post-ESD bleeding, especially in patients with a high risk of post-ESD bleeding.
Methods This was a prospective, multicenter, randomized, open-label, controlled trial. Patients with a high risk for post-ESD bleeding were enrolled. Patients with gastric neoplasms in whom the resected specimen size was expected to be > 40 mm and those who were regularly taking antithrombotic agents were defined as high risk patients. Patients were randomly assigned to the PHP or control groups.
Results Between May 2017 and September 2018, 143 patients were enrolled (PHP group, 73; control group, 70). The total post-ESD bleeding rate was 6.3 % (PHP group, 5.5 % vs. control group, 7.1 %; P = 0.74). There was no bleeding within 7 days after ESD in the PHP group. Continued antithrombotic use was an independent risk factor for post-ESD bleeding. In subgroup analysis excluding the patients who continued to take antithrombotic agents (n = 129) during ESD, the rate of post-ESD bleeding tended to be lower in the PHP group than in the control group (0 % vs. 6.3 %; P = 0.06).
Conclusion PHP did not demonstrate a significant effect on the prevention of post-ESD bleeding in this study. Further larger scale, randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm this.
Circulating Amyloid Beta 1–40 Is Associated with Increased Rate of Progression of Atherosclerosis in Menopause: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Lambrinoudaki Irene , Delialis Dimitrios , Georgiopoulos Georgios , Tual-Chalot Simon , Vlachogiannis Nikolaos I. , Patras Raphael , Aivalioti Evmorfia , Armeni Eleni , Augoulea Areti , Tsoltos Nikolaos , Soureti Anastasia , Stellos Konstantinos , Stamatelopoulos Kimon 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background Accumulating evidence suggests that circulating amyloidβ 1–40 (Αβ1–40), a proatherogenic aging peptide, may serve as a novel biomarker in cardiovascular disease (CVD). We aimed to explore the role of plasma Αβ1–40 and its patterns of change over time in atherosclerosis progression in postmenopausal women, a population with substantial unrecognized CVD risk beyond traditional risk factors (TRFs).
Methods In this prospective study, Αβ1–40 was measured in plasma by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and atherosclerosis was assessed using carotid high-resolution ultrasonography at baseline and after a median follow-up of 28.2 months in 152 postmenopausal women without history or symptoms of CVD.
Results At baseline, high Αβ1–40 was independently associated with higher carotid bulb intima-media thickness (cbIMT) and the sum of maximal wall thickness in all carotid sites (sumWT) (p < 0.05). Αβ1–40 levels increased over time and were associated with decreasing renal function (p < 0.05 for both). Women with a pattern of increasing or persistently high Αβ1–40 levels presented accelerated progression of cbIMT and maximum carotid wall thickness and sumWT (p < 0.05 for all) after adjustment for baseline Αβ1–40 levels, TRFs, and renal function.
Conclusion In postmenopausal women, a pattern of increasing or persistently high Αβ1–40 was associated with the rate of progression of subclinical atherosclerosis irrespective of its baseline levels. These findings provide novel insights into a link between Αβ1–40 and atherosclerosis progression in menopause and warrant further research to clarify the clinical value of monitoring its circulating levels as an atherosclerosis biomarker in women without clinically overt CVD.
Dual metal gate AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors with improved transconductance and reduced short channel effects
Authors: Pinchbeck Joseph , Lee Kean Boon , Jiang Sheng , Houston Peter 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors with a range of dual metal gate (DMG) lengths have been fabricated and studied. An improvement in transconductance up to 9% has been measured in the DMG devices in comparison to the conventional single metal gate devices. This is attributed to the distribution of the electric field under the gate region as a result of two gate metals. The drain induced barrier lowering is also suppressed using the sub-µm DMG devices, with a drain induced barrier lowering decrease of around 50% due to a potential shielding effect in the two-dimensional electron gas channel.
Valley filter and giant magnetoresistance in zigzag α-T3 nanoribbons
Authors: Tan Hui , Xu Yong , Wang Jun , Liu Jun-Feng , Ma Zhongshui 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Due to opposite Berry phases for two valleys in the α-T3 model, the quasiparticles in two valleys have different responses to a perpendicular magnetic field, such as different Landau levels in a strong magnetic field. In this work, we theoretically demonstrate the manipulation of the valley degree of freedom in the α-T3 model via an external magnetic field. In zigzag α-T3 nanoribbons with moderate α, we show that a weak magnetic field lifts the valley degeneracy of the spectrum and the ribbon acts as a valley filter. Furthermore, we propose a valley-valve which contains two successive magnetic sections. The valve exhibits a giant magnetoresistance and the on–off ratio reaches up to 106. These findings should be useful to potential valleytronic applications and magnetic read heads based on α-T3 materials.
Tunable electronic properties and electric-field-induced phase transition in phosphorene/graphene heterostructures
Authors: Mahdavifar Maryam , Shekarforoush Sima , Khoeini Farhad 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The shortcomings of mono-component systems e.g. the gapless nature of graphene, the lack of air-stability in phosphorene, etc, have drawn great attention toward stacked materials that are expected to show interesting electronic and optical properties. Using a tight-binding approach and a Green’s function method, we investigate the electronic properties of armchair-edged lateral phosphorene–graphene heterostructures, which are either semiconductor–semiconductor or semiconductor–metal heterostructures, depending on the width of the graphene ribbon. It is found that the system is narrow-gapped, and that the bandgap can be modulated by tuning the sizes of the domains. Besides, an analysis of the bandgap variation versus the width of the component phosphorene ribbon indicates that, in a semiconductor–metal heterostructure, a phosphorene ribbon does not induce any electronic state near the Fermi level, suggesting that the suppressed electron transport should be attributed to hole transfer across the interface. Furthermore, we show that a transverse electric field can significantly diversify the electronic behavior of a heterostructure i.e. the heterostructure undergoes a semiconductor–metal phase transition. Moreover, tuning the transverse electric field yields the intriguing possibility that the system can undergo a topological phase transition from a band insulator to a topological insulator.
Three-position characterization for the adjustment of MEMS accelerometer scale factor
Authors: Xu Tongxu , Xu Xiang , Bu Feng , Xu Dacheng , Zhao Heming 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Up/down static and the six-position least squares calibration methods are commonly used in research conducted on adjustment of the micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) accelerometer scale factor (or sensitivity). When applying these methods, it is difficult to adjust the accelerometer measuring axis parallel to the gravity direction, causing an error in the accelerometer scale factor. In this paper, a three-position scale factor characterization that does not require corrections of the precise coincident of the measuring axis with the direction of gravity is studied. The method uses the up/down calibration method to obtain the coarse scale factor and bias. The coarse adjustment coefficient is then used to convert the accelerometer output data in the horizontal, up, and down positions into acceleration. The horizontal acceleration is used to estimate the scale factor error. Next, the estimated scale factor error is used to modify the coarse scale factor, producing a more accurate scale factor. The adjustment results from simulation and experiments on triaxial MEMS accelerometers show that the proposed method can effectively correct the scale factor error caused by inability to align the accelerometer measurement axis parallel to the gravity line, with a relative scale factor error of 0.07%, improving the accuracy of the accelerometer scale factor.
Raw cellulose/polyvinyl alcohol blending separators prepared by phase inversion for high-performance supercapacitors
Authors: Heng Yingqi , Xie Tianqi , Wang Xiyang , Chen Ding , Wen Jiahao , Chen Xiyong , Hu Dongying , Wang Nannan , Wu Yimin A 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The development of a biodegradable cellulose-based separator with excellent performance has been of great research significance and application potential for the green development of supercapacitors. Herein, the regenerated porous cellulose/Polyvinyl alcohol films (CP-10, CP-15, CP-20, CP-25) with different mass ratio were successfully fabricated by a simple blending and phase inversion process. Their electrochemical properties as separators in assembled supercapacitor were evaluated. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction analysis indicate that intermolecular and intramolecular hydrogen bonding existed between cellulose and polyvinyl alcohol of the CP films. Compared with other CP films, the CP-20 film shows higher mechanical strength (28.02 MPa), better wettability (79.06°), higher porosity (59.69%) and electrolyte uptake (281.26 wt%). These properties of CP-20 are expected to show better electrochemical performance as separator. Indeed, the electrochemical tests, including electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge discharge, demonstrate that the SC-20 capacitor (with CP-20 as separator) shows the lowest equivalent series resistance of 0.57 Ω, the highest areal capacitance of 1.98 F cm−2 at 10 mV s−1, specific capacitance of 134.41 F g−1 and charge-discharge efficiency of 98.62% at 1 A g−1 among the four capacitors with CP films as separators. Comparing the assembled SC-40 and SC-30 with two commercial separators (TF4040 and MPF30AC) and SC-PVA with Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) separator, the CV and GCD curves of SC-20 maintain the quasi rectangular and symmetrical triangular profiles respectively at different scan rates in potential window of 0–1 V. SC-20 exhibits the highest value of 28.24 Wh kg−1 at 0.5 A g−1 with a power density of 0.26 kW kg−1, and 13.41 Wh kg−1 at 10 A g−1 with a power density of 6.04 kW kg−1. SC-20 also shows the lowest voltage drop and the highest areal and specific capacitance. Moreover, SC-20 maintains the highest value of 86.81% after 4000 cycles compared to 21.18% of SC-40, 75.07% of SC-30, and 6.66% of SC-PVA, showing a superior rate capability of a supercapacitor. These results indicate that CP films can be served as promising separators for supercapacitors.
Phase change material-based nano-cavity as an efficient optical modulator
Authors: Chamoli Sandeep Kumar , Verma Gopal , Singh Subhash C , Guo Chunlei 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Structural phase transition induced by temperature or voltage in phase change materials has been used for many tunable photonic applications. Exploiting reversible and sub-ns fast switching in antimony trisulfide (Sb2S3) from amorphous (Amp) to crystalline (Cry), we introduced a reflection modulator based on metal–dielectric–metal structure. The proposed design exhibits tunable, perfect, and multi-band absorption from visible to the near-infrared region. The reflection response of the system shows >99% absorption of light at normal incidence. The maximum achievable modulation efficiency with a narrow line width is ∼98%. Interestingly, the designed cavity supports critical resonance in an ultrathin (∼λ/15) Sb2S3 film with perfect, broadband, and tunable absorption. Finally, we proposed a novel hybrid cavity design formed of Cry and Amp Sb2S3 thin films side-by-side to realize an optical modulator via relative motion between the incident light beam and cavity. The proposed lithographic free structure can be also used for filtering, optical switching, ultrathin photo-detection, solar energy harvesting, and other energy applications.
Structural, optical, and mechanical properties of TiO2 nanolaminates
Authors: Ghazaryan Lilit , Handa Shiti , Schmitt Paul , Beladiya Vivek , Roddatis Vladimir , Tünnermann Andreas , Szeghalmi Adriana 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The structural, optical, and mechanical properties of TiO2 nanolaminate films grown by plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition are discussed. Several TiO2/Al2O3 and TiO2/SiO2 compositions have been investigated to study the effect of the relative number of ALD oxide cycles on the film properties to obtain a high refractive index coating with low optical losses, low roughness, and low mechanical stress. The formation of crystalline TiO2 observed at high deposition temperature, or film thickness was inhibited by periodically introducing ultra-thin amorphous layers into the film. Only 4 ALD cycles of Al2O3 (corresponding to ca. 0.5 nm) between 335 ALD cycles of TiO2 (ca. 11 nm) form a closed, distinct layer suppressing the crystallization in TiO2 film. Consequently, the roughness of the pure TiO2 film is reduced from ca. 20 nm rms to 1 nm rms in the 335/4 nanolaminate, with only a slight decrease of the refractive index from 2.46 to 2.44 in 100 nm pure TiO2 and the nanolaminate, respectively. The refractive indices of the nanolaminates in various compositions vary between 2.38 and 2.50 at 632 nm, and the corresponding optical losses from the films are low. The mechanical stress was reduced to about 140 MPa in several TiO2/Al2O3 nanolaminates; however, lower mechanical stress has not been obtained with the studied compositions. The nanolaminate structure is preserved up to 600 °C annealing temperature. After annealing at 800 °C, the individual layers interdiffuse into each other so that no distinct nanolaminate structure is detected. By using TiO2/Al2O3 nanolaminates with reduced mechanical stress, a narrow bandpass filter was realized on various substrates, including half-ball and aspherical lenses.