bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expanding the homogeneous regime of deformation in bulk metallic glass by electromigration-induced rejuvenation
Authors: Chen Qi , Zhang Meng , Gu Jiachang , Cao Quanliang , Zhang Cheng , Han Xiaotao , Li Liang , Wang Weihua , Liu Lin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe origin of plasticity in bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) is highly elusive due to their complicated amorphous atomic structures. Nonetheless, there is a general consensus that the homogeneous regime of deformation on the deformation map of BMGs is constrained by high temperature and low strain rate. Here we report an expanded homogeneous regime in a Zr55Cu30Al10Ni5 BMG, which is achieved by applying a pulsed electric current to the BMG specimen subjected to external loading. The BMG specimen exhibits homogeneous elongation and necking, rather than shear banding as it should without pulsed current. The results indicate that the pulsed current produces an additional effective “temperature increment” ∼0.15Tg (Tg, the glass transition temperature) apart from the Joule heating effect. This expanded homogeneous regime is attributed primarily to electromigration-induced dynamic rejuvenation which promotes homogeneously distributed deformation by enlarging the shear transformation zones. These findings could benefit understandings of plasticity in glassy materials.
Streptococcus pneumoniae metal homeostasis alters cellular metabolism
Authors: Burcham Lindsey R , Hill Rebecca A , Caulkins Rachel C , Emerson Joseph P , Nanduri Bindu , Rosch Jason W , Fitzkee Nicholas C , Thornton Justin A 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae colonizes the human nasopharyngeal mucosa and is a leading cause of community-acquired pneumonia, acute otitis media, and bacterial meningitis. Metal ion homeostasis is vital to the survival of this pathogen across diverse biological sites and contributes significantly to colonization and invasive disease. Microarray and qRT-PCR analysis revealed an upregulation of an uncharacterized operon (SP1433-1438) in pneumococci subjected to metal-chelation by N,N,N′,N′-tetrakis-(2-pyridylmethyl)ethylenediamine (TPEN). Supplementation of zinc, cobalt, and nickel following TPEN treatment significantly abrogated induction. BLASTP comparisons and protein topology analysis predicted this locus to encode components of ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporters involved in multidrug resistance (SP1434-1435) and energy-coupling factor (ECF) transporters (SP1436-1438). Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) analysis identified differences in intracellular metal content in a Δ1434-8 mutant strain compared to parental T4R. Further, analysis of the secreted metabolome of WT and Δ1434-8 strains identified significant changes in pneumococcal glycolytic and amino acid metabolic pathways, indicating a shift towards mixed acid fermentation. Additionally, proteomic analysis revealed differentially expressed proteins in the Δ1434-8 mutant strain, with nearly 20% regulated by the global catabolite repressor, CcpA. Based on these findings, we propose that the transporters encoded by SP1433-1438 are involved in regulating the central metabolism of S. pneumoniae and contributing to bacterial survival during metal stress.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a metabolic burden promoting atherosclerosis
Authors: Zhang Lei , She Zhi-Gang , Li Hongliang , Zhang Xiao-Jing 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the fastest growing chronic liver disease, with a prevalence of up to 25% worldwide. Individuals with NAFLD have a high risk of disease progression to cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and liver failure. With the exception of intrahepatic burden, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and especially atherosclerosis (AS) are common complications of NAFLD. Furthermore, CVD is a major cause of death in NAFLD patients. Additionally, AS is a metabolic disorder highly associated with NAFLD, and individual NAFLD pathologies can greatly increase the risk of AS. It is increasingly clear that AS-associated endothelial cell damage, inflammatory cell activation, and smooth muscle cell proliferation are extensively impacted by NAFLD-induced systematic dyslipidemia, inflammation, oxidative stress, the production of hepatokines, and coagulations. In clinical trials, drug candidates for NAFLD management have displayed promising effects for the treatment of AS. In this review, we summarize the key molecular events and cellular factors contributing to the metabolic burden induced by NAFLD on AS, and discuss therapeutic strategies for the improvement of AS in individuals with NAFLD.
Detailed abundances in a sample of very metal-poor stars
Authors: François P. , Wanajo S. , Caffau E. , Prantzos N. , Aoki W. , Aoki M. , Bonifacio P. , Spite M. , Spite F. 
Published: July 2020

Context. Unevolved metal-poor stars bore witness to the early evolution of the Galaxy, and the determination of their detailed chemical composition is an important tool to understand its chemical history. The study of their chemical composition can also be used to constrain the nucleosynthesis of the first generation of supernovae that enriched the interstellar medium.
Aims. We aim to observe a sample of extremely metal-poor star (EMP stars) candidates selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey data release 12 (SDSS DR12) and determine their chemical composition.
Methods. We obtained high-resolution spectra of a sample of five stars using HDS on Subaru telescope and used standard 1D models to compute the abundances. The stars we analysed have a metallicity [Fe/H] of between −3.50 and −4.25 dex.
Results. We confirm that the five metal-poor candidates selected from low-resolution spectra are very metal poor. We present the discovery of a new ultra metal-poor star (UMP star) with a metallicity of [Fe/H] = −4.25 dex (SDSS J1050032.34−241009.7). We measured in this star an upper limit of lithium (log(Li/H) ≤ 2.0. We found that the four most metal-poor stars of our sample have a lower lithium abundance than the Spite plateau lithium value. We obtain upper limits for carbon in the sample of stars. None of them belong to the high carbon band. We measured abundances of Mg and Ca in most of the stars and found three new α-poor stars.
A Pathological Clarification of Sepsis-Associated Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation Based on Comprehensive Coagulation and Fibrinolysis Function
Authors: Onishi Tomoko , Nogami Keiji , Ishihara Takashi , Inoue Satoki , Kawaguchi Masahiko , Nishio Kenji , Fukushima Hidetada , Kobayashi Hiroshi , Amano Itsuto , Nishikubo Toshiya , Yamasaki Masaharu , Kasahara Masato , Shima Midori 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackground The functional dynamics of coagulation and fibrinolysis in patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) vary due to the pathology and severity of various underlying diseases. Conventional measurements of hemostasis such as thrombin–antithrombin complex, plasmin-α2-plasmin-inhibitor complex, and fibrinogen-fibrin degradation products may not always reflect critical pathophysiologic mechanisms in DIC. This article aims to clarify the pathology of sepsis-associated DIC using assessment of comprehensive coagulation and fibrinolysis.Methods Plasma samples were obtained from 57 patients with sepsis-associated DIC at the time of initial diagnosis. Hemostasis parameters were quantified by clot-fibrinolysis waveform analysis (CFWA) and thrombin/plasmin generation assays (T/P-GA). The results were expressed as ratios relative to normal plasma.Results CFWA demonstrated that the maximum coagulation velocity (|min1|) ratio modestly increased to median 1.40 (min − max: 0.10 − 2.60) but the maximum fibrinolytic velocity (|FL-min1|) ratio decreased to 0.61 (0 − 1.19). T/P-GA indicated that the peak thrombin (Th-Peak) ratio moderately decreased to 0.71 (0.22 − 1.20), whereas the peak plasmin (Plm-Peak) ratio substantially decreased to 0.35 (0.02 − 1.43). Statistical comparisons identified a correlation between |min1| and Th-Peak ratios (ρ = 0.55, p < 0.001), together with a strong correlation between |FL-min1| and Plm-Peak ratios (ρ = 0.71, p < 0.001), suggesting that CFWA reflected the balance between thrombin and plasmin generation. With |min1| and |FL-min1| ratios, DIC was classified as follows: coagulation-predominant, coagulation/fibrinolysis-balanced, fibrinolysis-predominant, and consumption-impaired coagulation. The majority of patients in our cohort (80.7%) were coagulation-predominant.Conclusion A pathological clarification of sepsis-associated DIC based on the assessment of coagulation and fibrinolysis dynamics may be useful for the hemostatic monitoring and management of optimal treatment in these individuals.
Publics, technologies and interventions in reproduction and early life in South Africa
Authors: Manderson Lenore , Ross Fiona C. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDespite successful clinical interventions and maternal and child health monitoring for over a century, low and middle-income countries, including South Africa, continue to experience the quadruple burden of disease of high maternal mortality rates and poor infant and child health, non-communicable diseases, infectious diseases, and violence and injury. In this article, we focus on how different kinds of technologies in South Africa are implemented in the ‘first 1000 days’ from conception to early childhood. Some of these interventions, as we discuss, are lifesaving; others are conceptualised as preventing early and longer-term health problems, including cardiometabolic conditions into adulthood and in future generations. Here, we consider the use of routine and specialist technologies in reproduction and early life: scanning and monitoring in pregnancy, caesarean section, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for very low birth weight infants, and the Road to Health Booklet. Through this focus, we illustrate how ‘publics’ are constituted such that foetal and infant health outcomes are privileged over women’s health, reproductive rights, and public health safety.
Omission of a carbohydrate‐rich breakfast impairs evening endurance exercise performance despite complete dietary compensation at lunch
Authors: Metcalfe Richard S. , Thomas Matthew , Lamb Christopher , Chowdhury Enhad A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractOmission of a carbohydrate‐rich breakfast followed by consuming an ad libitum lunch impairs evening exercise performance. However, it is unclear if this is due to breakfast omission per se, or secondary to lower carbohydrate intake over the day. To test whether impaired evening performance following breakfast omission persists when complete dietary compensation occurs at lunch, in a randomised cross‐over design, eleven highly trained cyclists (age: 25 ± 7 y, VO2max: 61 ± 5 ml·kg−1·min−1) completed two trials: breakfast (B) and no breakfast (NB). During B, participants consumed an individualised breakfast (583 ± 54 kcal; 8–9am) and lunch (874 ± 80 kcal; 12–2pm), whilst during NB participants fasted until 12pm and then consumed a standardised lunch (1457 ± 134 kcal: 12–2pm). The overall energy (1457 ± 134 kcal) and macronutrient profile (carbohydrate: 81.5 ± 0.4%, fat: 5.8 ± 0.1%, protein: 12.7 ± 0.3%) was identical in both trials, with timing the only difference. Mean power output during a 20 km time trial performed in the evening was ~3% lower in NB compared to B (mean difference [95% CI]: −9.1 [−15.3, −2.9] watts, p < 0.01 for condition main effect). No differences in heart rate, blood glucose or blood lactate concentrations were apparent, but perception of effort appeared to be higher in the early stages of the time trial in NB compared to B despite lower power output. Impaired high‐intensity endurance performance in the evening following breakfast omission is related to meal timing rather than carbohydrate intake / availability. Provision of an early morning high‐carbohydrate meal should be considered to optimise evening exercise performance.
Looking at the Self in Society: Professional Perception and Midgroundable Roles in Community Theater
Authors: Visakko Tomi 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe article looks at role socialization during a six-week community theater project for young adults lead by professional artists in Helsinki (2015–16). Using ethnographic data, the article examines the participants’ experimentation with photography-based and videography-based techniques, which are used to source materials from the participants’ own worlds of experience for the group’s collective creative project. The article suggests that such tasks, along with their instructional discussions, serve to introduce the participants to role-specific forms of “professional perception.” It is also argued that professional perception in the role of Artist functions in a distinctive “midgrounded” mode processing input from ongoing everyday experiences and activities in light of specific professional epistemologies. The process, then, involves significant changes in how the participants relate to their own identities and social environments.
Rate coefficient of CO2 splitting in recombining H2 and He plasmas with ultralow electron temperatures
Authors: Yamazaki Masahiro , Nishiyama Shusuke , Sasaki Koichi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
We investigated CO2 splitting in recombining H2 and He plasmas with ultralow electron temperatures between 0.1 and 0.4 eV. The conversion from CO2 to CO and O2 was observed in the ultralow-temperature plasmas. Since the rate coefficients of dissociation of CO2 via electronic excited states are negligible at the ultralow electron temperature, the present experimental result gives us corroborative evidence of the CO2 splitting via vibrational excited states. The rate coefficient of the CO2 splitting, which was evaluated from the temporal variation of the CO2 density, decreased clearly with the electron temperature. In addition, the rate coefficient observed in the ionizing H2 plasma with an electron temperature of 4 eV was one order of magnitude smaller than that observed in the recombining plasmas. It has been shown that the CO2 splitting via vibrational excited states has a larger rate coefficient than that via electronic excited states.
Realization of both enhancement and depletion mode MOSFETs on GaN-on-Si LED epitaxial wafer
Authors: Piao Jinlong , Yan Jiabin , Li Jinjia , Wang Yongjin 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In this letter, we propose, fabricate, and characterize both an enhancement mode (E-mode) and a depletion mode (D-mode) MOSFET on a standard LED epitaxial wafer based on silicon substrate for the first time. The devices are fabricated on the n-GaN layer or undoped-GaN layer of the LED epitaxial wafer by semiconductor manufacturing techniques. The working mode (E-mode or D-mode) of the device is dependent on the etching depths of the gate recess. The experiments show that the E-mode and D-mode MOSFETs possess a maximum output current density of 0.15 mA mm−1 and 4.6 mA mm−1 under the gate-to-source voltage of 8 V and drain-to-source voltage of 8 V, respectively. It is expected that such E-mode and D-mode MOSFETs achieved on GaN-on-Si LED epitaxial wafer should have potential applications in monolithic optical electronic integrated circuits.
The Learning Context Analysis System for Digital Textbook Service on Learning Cloud
Authors: Chung Kwang Sik 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
On previous e-learning environment, learners should learn by him/herself, decide the learning sequences and take examination, since there were no way for teachers to know what the learners do and how the learners do for their learn. That means that after teachers giving the learning contents, teachers could not interact with learners, as like off-line classes. From those reason, e-learning environment has many disadvantages compared with off-line learning environment from the view of education or learning efficiency.But, on digital textbook service environment developed by this research, basic learning devices are smartphone that supports interaction between learners, teachers and learning contents. With various kinds of sensors and environment of digital textbook service, digital textbook system could track and gather learner’s learning activity and learner’s personal learning information(learning history, learning assessment results, e-portfolio, etc.). In this paper, the learning analytic system is designed for extracting, classifying and accumulating various learning data of learners from the learner’s learning activities and from learner’s personal learning information(learning history, learning assessment results, e-portfolio, etc.). And analysis learning data can be used to decide learner states and can be useful to construct learning strategy of learning direction and learning assessment results. In this research, proposed learning analytic system collects learning data from previously proposed digital textbook service and virtual practice learning cloud, and extracts and analyses learners’ learning activity. With the proposed learning analytic system, personalized learning sequence and personalized learning contents could be delivered to learners by intelligent tutoring engine and the learning analytic system and learners’ learning interests and learning efficiency would increase.
Application Design and Implementation for Smart Kindergarten
Authors: Liu Jingrong , Liu Miao 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The advent of the “Internet +” era has made the construction of smart kindergartens necessary. However, the reality is the information construction of kindergartens is relatively lagging behind. There are some problems such as low information literacy of kindergarten educators, lack of initiative to accept information technology, lack of interconnection and interoperability of existing application systems, which lead to difficulties in using information technology. It is suitable to adopt a hierarchical architecture. From bottom to top, the layers are: Smart perception layer, Network communication layer, Data storage and access layer, Smart application layer and User interaction Layer. All layers can be expanded in the future and provide service interfaces to the upper layer. Applications for smart kindergartens can be divided into Teaching, Internal management, Parents-kindergarten cooperation, and Social promotion. The Smart kindergarten application deployment architecture should use a hybrid architecture of public and private clouds, and interoperates with third-party platforms. The construction of smart kindergartens is a long-term process and should be implemented in phases.
Application of Time Series Model in Relative Humidity Prediction
Authors: Li Hongxiang , Yang Yang , Cheng Yifei , Jin Yan , Luo Huan , Zhang Liang 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Relative humidity is the percentage of the vapor pressure in the air and the saturated vapor pressure at the same temperature. In the context of global climate change, accurate and reliable relative humidity prediction is of great significance in all fields. In this paper, taking the relative humidity data of Ya’an city, Sichuan province as an example, we used three methods, Holt-Winters, SARIMA and XGBoost to establish a time series model to predict relative humidity. We use the grid search and other methods for selecting the optimal parameters, the mean absolute error, mean square error and mean absolute percentage error as evaluation standard, the experimental results show that although the three model error is within an acceptable range, but XGBoost model predicted results are more accurate, better performance and stronger ability to resist a fitting, obviously better than the other two models, which can provide a reference for practical work.
Research on the Optimization Method of Regional Logistics Distribution Integration Based on Intelligent Information Processing
Authors: He Lin 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
At present, the integration method of logistics distribution does not exchange regional logistics distribution information, the related logistics distribution information is not timely understood, and the integration effect of regional logistics distribution is poor, resulting in long distribution time, high distribution cost and small distribution scope. Therefore, the intelligent information processing technology is introduced to optimize the regional logistics distribution integration method. This paper established a regional logistics distribution integration mechanism which is able to process logistics distribution integration information through hierarchical authorization, transform the business data between the upstream and downstream enterprises in the supply chain of the regional logistics canter and integrate vehicle resources and human resources to optimize regional logistics distribution based on intelligent information processing. Taking the distribution time, distribution cost and distribution distance as experimental indicators, the experiment is carried out. The results show that the logistics distribution time, cost and distance of the proposed integrated optimization method are better than those of the traditional methods.
Research on Forensics of Social Network Relationship Based on Big Data
Authors: Junjing Tian , Yan Bi , Jinqiang Ma 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
With the development of technologies such as big data, cloud computing, and mobile Internet, many cybercrimes have changed from the previous crime mode of single-person and single-machine to the crime mode of multi-person and multi-machine. Due to the popularity of mobile phones and various mobile terminal applications, many criminals often communicate with other members and commit crimes by mobile phones. Therefore, it is very important for the forensics of the electronic data in the instant communication tools. Much valuable information such as personal common contacts, chat content can be found in the mobile phone, which can help the investigators take the evidence of social network relationship and find many key clues. This paper expounds the forensics mode of social network relationship and the forensics process of mobile phones, and puts forward the forensics method of social network relationship based on Wechat platform, analyses the instance data set, obtains the social network diagram, and intuitively and clearly shows the relationship and intimacy between multiple members. The forensics of Social network relationship can help the investigation organizations narrow the scope of investigation and improve the efficiency of handling cases.
Research on Ammunition Simulation Method
Authors: Yong Sun , Jun Li , Kaijun Fan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This paper introduces a kind of ammunition simulation method. Based on this method, the ammunition simulation software is implemented. The software includes air to ground missile simulation model, bomb simulation model and rocket simulation model. The simulation model of air-to-ground missile simulates the ballistic model of air-to-ground missile and the process of flying, searching and finding targets, hitting targets, damaging equipment and personnel, etc. The bomb simulation model simulates the ballistic model of the bomb and the process of flying, hitting and damaging the target. The rocket simulation model simulates the rocket trajectory model and the process of flying, hitting and damaging the target. In this paper, the motion equation, coordinate transformation formula, data interface and hit damage algorithm of ammunition are introduced in detail. The method of ammunition simulation not only considers the relevant elements of the whole process of ammunition simulation, but also is convenient for software realization and rapid simulation.