bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrospun CNT embedded ZnO nanofiber based biosensor for electrochemical detection of Atrazine: a step closure to single molecule detection
Authors: Supraja Patta , Singh Vikrant , Vanjari Siva Rama Krishna , Govind Singh Shiv 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn this study we have reported the design and development of a facile, sensitive, selective, and label-free electrochemical sensing platform for the detection of atrazine based on MWCNT-embedded ZnO nanofibers. Electrospun nanofibers were characterized using scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscope (XPS), UV-Visible spectroscope (UV-VIS), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscope (FTIR). Electrochemical properties of MWCNT-ZnO nanofiber-modified electrodes were assessed using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). Binding event of atrazine to anti-atrazine antibody, which immobilized on nanofiber-modified electrode via EDC and NHS chemistry, was transduced with EIS. Due to high conductivity, surface area, and low bandgap of MWCNT-ZnO nanofibers, we have achieved the sensitivity and limit of detection (LoD) of sensor as 21.61 (KΩ μg−1 mL−1) cm−2 and 5.368 zM for a wide detection range of 10 zM–1 µM. The proposed immunosensing platform has good stability, selectivity, repeatability, and reproducibility, and are less prone to interference.
Fabrication of patterned graphitized carbon wires using low voltage near-field electrospinning, pyrolysis, electrodeposition, and chemical vapor deposition
Authors: George Derosh , Garcia Adrian , Pham Quang , Perez Mario Ramos , Deng Jufeng , Nguyen Michelle Trang , Zhou Tuo , Martinez-Chapa Sergio O. , Won Yoonjin , Liu Chong , Lo Roger C. , Ragan Regina , Madou Marc 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe herein report a high-resolution nanopatterning method using low voltage electromechanical spinning with a rotating collector to obtain aligned graphitized micro and nanowires for carbon nanomanufacturing. A small wire diameter and a small inter-wire spacing were obtained by controlling the electric field, the spinneret-to-collector distance, the pyrolysis parameters, the linear speed of the spinneret, the rotational speed of the collector. Using a simple scaling analysis, we show how the straightness and the diameter of the wires can be controlled by the electric field and the distance of the spinneret to the collector. A small inter-wire spacing, as predicted by a simple model, was achieved by simultaneously controlling the linear speed of the spinneret and the rotational speed of the collector. Rapid drying of the polymer nanowires enabled the facile fabrication of suspended wires over various structures. Patterned polyacrylonitrile wires were carbonized using standard stabilization and pyrolysis to obtain carbon nanowires. Suspended carbon nanowires with a diameter of <50 nm were obtained. We also established a method for making patterned, highly graphitized structures by using the aforementioned carbon wire structures as a template for chemical vapor deposition of graphite. This patterning technique offers high throughput for nano writing, which outperforms other existing nanopatterning techniques, making it a potential candidate for large-scale carbon nanomanufacturing.
The association between colorectal cancer and prior antibiotic prescriptions: case control study
Authors: Armstrong David , Dregan Alex , Ashworth Mark , White Patrick , McGee Chris , de Lusignan Simon 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
Antibiotic use over several decades is believed to be associated with colorectal adenomas. There is little evidence, however, for the effect of more recent antibiotic use on frequency of colorectal cancers.

Methods
A case control study used the RCGP’s Research and Surveillance Centre cohort of patients drawn from NHS England. In all, 35,214 patients with a new diagnosis of colorectal cancer between 1 January 2008 and 31 December 2018 were identified in the database and were matched with 60,348 controls. Conditional logistic regression was used to examine the association between antibiotic prescriptions and colorectal cancer.

Results
A dose-response association between colorectal cancers and prior antibiotic prescriptions was observed. The risk was related to the number and recency of prescriptions with a high number of antibiotic prescriptions over a long period carrying the highest risk. For example, patients prescribed antibiotics in up to 15 years preceding diagnosis were associated with a higher risk of colorectal cancer (odds ratio (OR) = 1.90, 95% confidence intervals (CI), 1.61–2.19, p < 0.001).

Conclusions
Antibiotic use over previous years is associated with subsequent colorectal cancer. While the study design cannot determine causality, the findings suggest another reason for caution in prescribing antibiotics, especially in high volumes and over many years.
Dietary glycaemic index, glycaemic load and head and neck cancer risk: a pooled analysis in an international consortium
Authors: Chang Chun-Pin , La Vecchia Carlo , Serraino Diego , Olshan Andrew F. , Zevallos Jose P. , Morgenstern Hal , Levi Fabio , Garavello Werner , Kelsey Karl , McClean Michael , Chen Chu , Schwartz Stephen M. , Schantz Stimson , Yu Guo-Pei , Boffetta Paolo , Hashibe Mia , Lee Yuan-Chin Amy , Parpinel Maria , Augustin Livia S. A. , Turati Federica , Zhang Zuo-Feng , Edefonti Valeria 
Published: January 2020

AbstractHigh dietary glycaemic index (GI) and glycaemic load (GL) may increase cancer risk. However, limited information was available on GI and/or GL and head and neck cancer (HNC) risk. We conducted a pooled analysis on 8 case-control studies (4081 HNC cases; 7407 controls) from the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology (INHANCE) consortium. We estimated the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of HNC, and its subsites, from fixed- or mixed-effects logistic models including centre-specific quartiles of GI or GL. GI, but not GL, had a weak positive association with HNC (ORQ4 vs. Q1 = 1.16; 95% CI = 1.02–1.31). In subsites, we found a positive association between GI and laryngeal cancer (ORQ4 vs. Q1 = 1.60; 95% CI = 1.30–1.96) and an inverse association between GL and oropharyngeal cancer (ORQ4 vs. Q1 = 0.78; 95% CI = 0.63–0.97). This pooled analysis indicates a modest positive association between GI and HNC, mainly driven by laryngeal cancer.
Genomic profiling of multiple breast cancer reveals inter-lesional heterogeneity
Authors: Ahn Soomin , Kim Hyun Jeong , Kang Eunyoung , Kim Eun-Kyu , Kim Se Hyun , Kim Jee Hyun , Kim In Ah , Park So Yeon 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundMultiplicity in breast cancer is common. Studies on multiple breast cancers have revealed high concordance in biomarker status among individual lesions. However, genomic differences among multiple lesions are not well-established. We aimed to investigate the potential genomic heterogeneity of multiple breast cancer.MethodsTwenty-one patients with radiologically and histologically evident multiple breast cancer with similar histology were included. Two lesions from each of the 21 patients were selected, and biomarker status was evaluated for each lesion. Capture-based targeted next-generation sequencing was performed using a cancer gene panel consisting of 170 genes.ResultsWe identified discordance in intrinsic subtype in 2 (10%) of the 21 patients. Pathogenic mutations were detected in 13 of the 21 patients, of whom 11 shared oncogenic variants in the two lesions. The remaining two patients yielded different mutation results forTP53,ATM, andPIK3CA. Difference in copy number alteration was observed in 7 (33%) of the 21 patients includingERBB2(n = 2),FGFR1(n = 2), andFGFR2(n = 1) genes.ConclusionDespite similar histologic features of the individual lesions, inter-lesional genomic difference was identified in more than one-third of the patients. Inter-lesional genomic heterogeneity needs to be considered when performing a genomic test in multiple breast cancers.
Hypoxia differently modulates the release of mitochondrial and nuclear DNA
Authors: Otandault Amaelle , Abraham Jean-Daniel , Al Amir Dache Zahra , Khalyfa Abdelnaby , Jariel-Encontre Isabelle , Forné Thierry , Prévostel Corinne , Chouaib Salem , Gozal David , Thierry Alain R. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
We investigated the influence of hypoxia on the concentration of mitochondrial and nuclear cell-free DNA (McfDNA and NcfDNA, respectively).

Method
By an ultra-sensitive quantitative PCR-based assay, McfDNA and NcfDNA were measured in the supernatants of different colorectal cell lines, and in the plasma of C57/Bl6 mice engrafted with TC1 tumour cells, in normoxic or hypoxic conditions.

Results
Our data when setting cell culture conditions highlighted the higher stability of McfDNA as compared to NcfDNA and revealed that cancer cells released amounts of nuclear DNA equivalent to the mass of a chromosome over a 6-h duration of incubation. In cell model, hypoxia induced a great increase in NcfDNA and McfDNA concentrations within the first 24 h. After this period, cfDNA total concentrations remained stable in hypoxia consecutive to a decrease of nuclear DNA release, and noteworthy, to a complete inhibition of daily mitochondrial DNA release. In TC1-engrafted mice submitted to intermittent hypoxia, plasma NcfDNA levels are much higher than in mice bred in normoxia, unlike plasma McfDNA concentration that is not impacted by hypoxia.

Conclusion
This study suggests that hypoxia negatively modulates nuclear and, particularly, mitochondrial DNA releases in long-term hypoxia, and revealed that the underlying mechanisms are differently regulated.
Critical roles of conventional dendritic cells in autoimmune hepatitis via autophagy regulation
Authors: Fan Xiaoli , Men Ruoting , Huang Chen , Shen Mengyi , Wang Tingting , Ghnewa Yasmeen , Ma Yun , Ye Tinghong , Yang Li 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAutoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a necroinflammatory disease associated with interactive cell populations of the innate and adaptive immune systems. The contribution of conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) to AIH and the underlying mechanism remain poorly understood. The frequency of peripheral mature cDCs increased in AIH patients and was positively correlated with disease severity. In experimental autoimmune hepatitis (EAH), hepatic accumulation of mature cDCs was observed, along with an increase in the periphery. Sequentially, bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDC) from EAH mice exhibit more proinflammatory function than those from control mice. In vitro, ConA treatment promotes the maturation of BMDCs, which are characterized by higher expression of MHC-II, costimulatory molecules and cytokine secretion. ConA also induced the expression of autophagy-related protein and the formation of autophagosomes in DCs. To further investigate whether ConA-induced DC activation is associated with autophagy, we utilized 3-MA and bafilomycin A1 to block autophagy flux and accessed the maturation and function of DCs induced by ConA. 3-MA and bafilomycin A1 inhibited the mature status and proinflammatory cytokine secretion and diminished the proliferation and differentiation of CD4+ T cells when ConA-induced BMDCs cocultured CD4+ T cells. We demonstrated that cDCs contribute to the pathogenesis of AIH through excessive maturation. Aberrant autophagy flux plays a vital role in the immunogenic maturation of cDCs in AIH, and tolerogenic cDCs by inhibition of autophagy flux can be exploited as a new therapeutic approach for AIH.
Programmed magnetic manipulation of vesicles into spatially coded prototissue architectures arrays
Authors: Li Qingchuan , Li Shubin , Zhang Xiangxiang , Xu Weili , Han Xiaojun 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn nature, cells self-assemble into spatially coded tissular configurations to execute higher-order biological functions as a collective. This mechanism has stimulated the recent trend in synthetic biology to construct tissue-like assemblies from protocell entities, with the aim to understand the evolution mechanism of multicellular mechanisms, create smart materials or devices, and engineer tissue-like biomedical implant. However, the formation of spatially coded and communicating micro-architectures from large quantity of protocell entities, especially for lipid vesicle-based systems that mostly resemble cells, is still challenging. Herein, we magnetically assemble giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) or cells into various microstructures with spatially coded configurations and spatialized cascade biochemical reactions using a stainless steel mesh. GUVs in these tissue-like aggregates exhibit uncustomary osmotic stability that cannot be achieved by individual GUVs suspensions. This work provides a versatile and cost-effective strategy to form robust tissue-mimics and indicates a possible superiority of protocell colonies to individual protocells.
Eight high-quality genomes reveal pan-genome architecture and ecotype differentiation of Brassica napus
Authors: Song Jia-Ming , Guan Zhilin , Hu Jianlin , Guo Chaocheng , Yang Zhiquan , Wang Shuo , Liu Dongxu , Wang Bo , Lu Shaoping , Zhou Run , Xie Wen-Zhao , Cheng Yuanfang , Zhang Yuting , Liu Kede , Yang Qing-Yong , Chen Ling-Ling , Guo Liang 
Published: January 2020

AbstractRapeseed (Brassica napus) is the second most important oilseed crop in the world but the genetic diversity underlying its massive phenotypic variations remains largely unexplored. Here, we report the sequencing, de novo assembly and annotation of eightB. napusaccessions. Using pan-genome comparative analysis, millions of small variations and 77.2–149.6 megabase presence and absence variations (PAVs) were identified. More than 9.4% of the genes contained large-effect mutations or structural variations. PAV-based genome-wide association study (PAV-GWAS) directly identified causal structural variations for silique length, seed weight and flowering time in a nested association mapping population with ZS11 (reference line) as the donor, which were not detected by single-nucleotide polymorphisms-based GWAS (SNP-GWAS), demonstrating that PAV-GWAS was complementary to SNP-GWAS in identifying associations to traits. Further analysis showed that PAVs in threeFLOWERING LOCUS Cgenes were closely related to flowering time and ecotype differentiation. This study provides resources to support a better understanding of the genome architecture and acceleration of the genetic improvement ofB. napus.
Transcriptome profiling of abiotic responses to heat, cold, salt, and osmotic stress of Capsicum annuum L.
Authors: Kang Won-Hee , Sim Young Mi , Koo Namjin , Nam Jae-Young , Lee Junesung , Kim Nayoung , Jang Hakgi , Kim Yong-Min , Yeom Seon-In 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPeppers (Capsicum annuum L.), belonging to the Solanaceae family, are one of the most economically important crops globally. Like other crops, peppers are threatened by diverse environmental conditions due to different pathogens and abiotic stresses. High-quality reference genomes with massive datasets of transcriptomes from various conditions can provide clues to preferred agronomic traits for breeding. However, few global gene expression profiling datasets have been published to examine the environmental stress-resistant mechanisms in peppers. In this study, we report the RNA-seq analyses of peppers treated with heat, cold, salinity, and osmotic stress at six different time points. RNA-seq libraries from 78 RNA samples containing three biological replicates per time point for each of the abiotic stresses and a mock control were constructed. A total of 204.68 Gb of transcriptome data were verified by differentially expressed genes and gene ontology enrichment analysis. Analyses of the transcriptome data in this study will provide useful information for basic studies of various stimuli to facilitate the development of stress-resistant pepper cultivars.
A continuously updated, geospatially rectified database of utility-scale wind turbines in the United States
Authors: Rand Joseph T. , Kramer Louisa A. , Garrity Christopher P. , Hoen Ben D. , Diffendorfer Jay E. , Hunt Hannah E. , Spears Michael 
Published: January 2020

AbstractOver 60,000 utility-scale wind turbines are installed in the United States as of October, 2019, representing over 97 gigawatts of electric power capacity; US wind turbine installations continue to grow at a rapid pace. Yet, until April 2018, no publicly-available, regularly updated data source existed to describe those turbines and their locations. Under a cooperative research and development agreement, analysts from three organizations collaborated to develop and release the United States Wind Turbine Database (USWTDB) - a publicly available, continuously updated, spatially rectified data source of locations and attributes of utility-scale wind turbines in the United States. Technical specifications and wind facility data, incorporated from five sources, undergo rigorous quality control. The location of each turbine is visually verified using high-resolution aerial imagery. The quarterly-updated data are available in a variety of formats, including an interactive web application, comma-separated values (CSV), shapefile, and application programming interface (API). The data are used widely by academic researchers, engineers and developers from wind energy companies, government agencies, planners, educators, and the general public.
Comparing DNA methylation profiles across different tissues associated with the diagnosis of pediatric asthma
Authors: Lin Ping-I , Shu Huan , Mersha Tesfaye B. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDNA methylation (DNAm) profiles in central airway epithelial cells (AECs) may play a key role in pathological processes in asthma. The goal of the current study is to compare the diagnostic performance of DNAm markers across three tissues: AECs, nasal epithelial cells (NECs), and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Additionally, we focused on the results using the machine learning algorithm in the context of multi-locus effects to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the optimal subset of CpG sites. We obtained 74 subjects with asthma and 41 controls from AECs, 15 subjects with asthma and 14 controls from NECs, 697 subjects with asthma and 97 controls from PBMCs. Epigenome-wide DNA methylation levels in AECs, NECs and PBMCs were measured using the Infinium Human Methylation 450 K BeadChip. Overlap analysis across the three different sample sources at the locus and pathway levels were studied to investigate shared or unique pathophysiological processes of asthma across tissues. Using the top 100 asthma-associated methylation markers as classifiers from each dataset, we found that both AEC- and NEC-based DNAm signatures exerted a lower classification error than the PBMC-based DNAm markers (p-value = 0.0002). The area-under-the-curve (AUC) analysis based on out-of-bag errors using the random forest classification algorithm revealed that PBMC-, NEC-, and AEC-based methylation data yielded 31 loci (AUC: 0.87), 8 loci (AUC: 0.99), and 4 loci (AUC: 0.97) from each optimal subset of tissue-specific markers, respectively. We also discovered the locus-locus interaction of DNAm levels of the CDH6 gene and RAPGEF3 gene might interact with each other to jointly predict the risk of asthma – which suggests the pivotal role of cell-cell junction in the pathological changes of asthma. Both AECs and NECs might provide better diagnostic accuracy and efficacy levels than PBMCs. Further research is warranted to evaluate how these tissue-specific DNAm markers classify and predict asthma risk.
Effect of physical stimuli on hair follicle deposition of clobetasol-loaded Lipid Nanocarriers
Authors: Angelo Tamara , El-Sayed Nesma , Jurisic Marijas , Koenneke Aljoscha , Gelfuso Guilherme M. , Cunha-Filho Marcilio , Taveira Stephania F. , Lemor Robert , Schneider Marc , Gratieri Tais 
Published: January 2020

AbstractClobetasol propionate (CLO) is a potent glucocorticoid used to treat inflammation-based skin, scalp, and hair disorders. In such conditions, hair follicles (HF) are not only the target site but can also act as drug reservoirs when certain formulations are topically applied. Recently, we have demonstrated nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) containing CLO presenting epidermal-targeting potential. Here, the focus was evaluating the HF uptake provided by such nanoparticles in comparison to a commercial cream and investigating the influence of different physical stimuli [i.e., infrared (IR) irradiation (with and without metallic nanoparticles-MNP), ultrasound (US) (with and without vibration) and mechanical massage] on their follicular targeting potential. Nanosystems presented sizes around 180 nm (PdI < 0.2) and negative zeta potential. The formulation did not alter skin water loss measurements and was stable for at least 30 days at 5 °C. Nanoparticles released the drug in a sustained fashion for more than 3 days and increased passively about 40 times CLO follicular uptake compared to the commercial cream. Confocal images confirmed the enhanced follicular delivery. On the one hand, NLC application followed by IR for heat generation showed no benefit in terms of HF targeting even at higher temperatures generated by metallic nanoparticle heating. On the other hand, upon US treatment, CLO retention was significantly increased in deeper skin layers. The addition of mechanical vibration to the US treatment led to higher follicular accumulation compared to passive exposure to NLC without stimuli. However, from all evaluated stimuli, manual massage presented the highest follicular targeting potential, driving more than double the amount of CLO into the HF than NLC passive application. In conclusion, NLC showed great potential for delivering CLO to HF, and a simple massage was capable of doubling follicular retention.
Three-dimensional reconstruction of the feeding apparatus of the tick Ixodes ricinus (Acari: Ixodidae): a new insight into the mechanism of blood-feeding
Authors: Vancová Marie , Bílý Tomáš , Šimo Ladislav , Touš Jan , Horodyský Petr , Růžek Daniel , Novobilský Adam , Salát Jiří , Strnad Martin , Sonenshine Daniel E. , Grubhoffer Libor , Nebesářová Jana 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe different components of the mouthparts of hard ticks (Ixodidae) enable these parasites to penetrate host skin, secrete saliva, embed, and suck blood. Moreover, the tick’s mouthparts represent a key route for saliva-assisted pathogen transmission as well as pathogen acquisition from blood meal during the tick feeding process. Much has been learned about the basic anatomy of the tick’s mouthparts and in the broad outlines of how they function in previous studies. However, the precise mechanics of these functions are little understood. Here, we propose for the first time an animated model of the orchestration of the tick mouthparts and associated structures during blood meal acquisition and salivation. These two actions are known to alternate during tick engorgement. Specifically, our attention has been paid to the mechanism underlining the blood meal uptake into the pharynx through the mouth and how ticks prevent mixing the uptaken blood with secreted saliva. We animated function of muscles attached to the salivarium and their possible opening /closing of the salivarium, with a plausible explanation of the movement of saliva within the salivarium and massive outpouring of saliva.