bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Safety and Effectiveness of Intra-articular Corticosteroid Injection Following Arthroscopic Shoulder Surgery
Authors: Lu Wen Chen , Wang Ting-jiang , Tang Zhi-hong 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background

To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of intra-articular corticosteroid injection following arthroscopic shoulder surgery.
Method

PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Web of Science and CNKI were retrieved from the inception of electronic databases to June 2020. All analyses were performed using Stata/SE 15.1 version (StataCorp).
Result

6 papers were included in this meta-analysis. There was no significant difference in tear rate (OR = 0.713, 95% CI: 0.450 to 1.129, P = 0.149), constant score (MD = 6.212, 95% CI: 2.552 to 9.971, P = 0.001), rating scale of the American shoulder and elbow surgeons (ASES) score (MD=-0.116, 95% CI: -1.769 to 1.546) and the university of California at Los Angeles shoulder rating (UCLA) score (MD = -1.461, 95% CI: -3.221 to 0.299). The infection rate of patients who received corticosteroid injection within 1 month after operation was significantly higher (P < 0.05), but there was no significant change in the infection rate of patients who received corticosteroid injection within 2–4 months after operation.
Conclusion

The use of corticosteroids after shoulder arthroscopy will not increase the rate of postoperative tears, but the injection of corticosteroid within 1 month will increase the postoperative infection rate.
Processing of progranulin into granulins involves multiple lysosomal proteases and is affected in frontotemporal lobar degeneration
Authors: Mohan Swetha , Sampognaro Paul J. , Argouarch Andrea R. , Maynard Jason C. , Patwardhan Anand , Courtney Emma C. , Mason Amanda , Li Kathy H. , Seeley William W. , Miller Bruce L. , Burlingame Alma , Jacobson Mathew P. , Kao Aimee 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Progranulin loss-of-function mutations are linked to frontotemporal lobar degeneration with TDP-43 positive inclusions (FTLD-TDP-Pgrn). Progranulin (PGRN) is an intracellular and secreted pro-protein that is proteolytically cleaved into individual granulin peptides, which are increasingly thought to contribute to FTLD-TDP-Pgrn disease pathophysiology. Intracellular PGRN is processed into granulins in the endo-lysosomal compartments. Therefore, to better understand the conversion of intracellular PGRN into granulins, we systematically tested the ability of different classes of endo-lysosomal proteases at a range of pH setpoints.Results: In vitro cleavage assays identified multiple enzymes that can process human PGRN into multi- and single-granulin fragments in a pH-dependent manner. We confirmed the role of cathepsin B and cathepsin L in PGRN processing and showed that these and several previously unidentified lysosomal proteases (cathepsins E, G, K, S and V) are able to process PGRN in variable, pH-dependent manners. In addition, we have demonstrated a new role for asparagine endopeptidase (AEP) in processing PGRN, with AEP having the unique ability to liberate granulin F from the pro-protein. Brain tissue from individuals with FTLD-TDP-Pgrn show increased PGRN processing to granulin F, correlating with increased activity of AEP, in a region-specific manner. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that multiple lysosomal proteases may work in concert to liberate granulins and implicates both AEP and granulin F in the neurobiology of FTLD-TDP-Pgrn. Modulating progranulin cleavage may represent a new strategy to modulate PGRN and granulin levels in disease.
Hydration Status, Body Composition and Anxiety Status in Aeronautical Military Personnel from Spain: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Carretero-Krug Alejandra , Velasco Carlos , Medina-Font Juan , Laguna Trinidad Trujillo , Varela-Moreiras Gregorio , Úbeda Natalia , Montero Ana 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: An adequate hydration status is critical to ensure efficiency during mental and physical activities. Our goal was to assess the hydration status of a group of aeronautical military men and to determine the association of hydration status with body composition and anxiety. Methods: 188 men were evaluated through a validated hydration questionnaire, anthropometric and biochemical parameters, and an anxiety questionnaire. According to that, criteria of hydration was established. Results: 81% of the total sample met hydration criteria (urine color = Well hydrated, Water Balance ≥ 0 mL, and total water intake/weight ≥ 35 mL/kg) and 19% did not meet hydration criteria (urine color = Not enough hydrated or Dehydrated, Water Balance < 0 mL, and total water intake/weight < 35 mL/kg). Subjects not meeting the hydration criteria had lower urine pH, negative water balance, and lower water intake. The latter also had higher anxiety status (score = 4 vs 3, p = 0.026), weight (84.7 ± 10.5 vs 80.5 ± 10.2 Kg), Body Mass Index (26.3 ± 3.1 vs 25.2 ± 2.8 kg/m2), body fat (22.3 ± 5.6 vs 18.3 ± 6.5%), urine specific gravity and urine color. Furthermore, total water intake/weight was positively correlated with percentage of body water (rho = 0.357, p = 0.000) and negatively with body fat (kg) (rho= -0.427, p = 0.000), percentage of body fat (rho= -0.405, p = 0.000) and waist/hip ratio (rho= -0.223, p = 0.002). Conclusions: All these findings suggest a relationship between hydration status and body composition. These results can be used to improve the hydration status and body composition of military personnel. Trial registration: This study was conducted according to the guidelines laid down in the Declaration of Helsinki and all procedures involving human subjects were approved by the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of the CEU San Pablo University (Madrid). The corresponding ethical code was 119/16/08.
The Prevalence and Risk Factors of Isolated Systolic Hypertension Among Elderly Chinese Population
Authors: Zheng QingKun , Rong Pengshun , Huang Xiaobo , Zhang Yang , Liu Jianxiong , Xu Ronghua , Liu Ya , Hu Yongmei , Tu Jiao , Ouyang Lingyun , Wang Tzungdau , Zhao Shuiping 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Objective
To investigate the prevalence status of the isolated systolic hypertension (ISH) among the elderly Chinese population and analyze risk factors of ISH.
Methods
The survey was conducted from September 2015 to September 2016 enrolling 1269 people aging above 80 in the urban community in Chengdu, China. The participants were recruited by using a stratified cluster sampling method. The average blood pressure of an individual was obtained by using a standardized mercury sphygmomanometer to measure the blood pressure twice after a 10-minute seated rest.
Results
The prevalence of ISH was 53.0% among the elderly population; the ISH was accounted for 82.2% of all hypertension cases. The prevalence of ISH of males and females was 54.7% and 51.5%, respectively, without significant differences (P = 0.25). The prevalence of ISH in the 80–84 group, 85–89 group, and > 90 group were 52.5%, 53.0%, and 60.0%, respectively without significant differences (P for trend = 0.36). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that drinking alcoholic, obesity, and heart rate (HR) > 75 beats/min were all positively correlated to the incident of ISH; however, physical exercise was negatively correlated to the occurrence of ISH.
Conclusion
53.0% of the elderly Chinese population aged above 80 has ISH. The gender and physical exercise are not the independent risk factor of ISH. But drinking alcoholic, obesity and HR > 75 are significantly related to the occurrence of ISH.
Temporal Changes of CT Findings between Non-emergency and Emergency Patients with COVID-19 Pneumonia: A Multi-centered, Retrospective, Longitudinal Study
Authors: Dai Meng , Liu Xiaoming , Zhu Xiqi , Liu Tiejun , Xu Cihao , Ye Fang , Yang Lian , Zhang Yu 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Objective: To analyze the differences between clinical evaluation and the detailed imaging features in the time course of lung changes in diverse clinical types.Methods: 73 patients with COVID-19 pneumonia were retrospectively collected from three institutions in China. Radiographic features, CT score were analyzed and compared between non-emergency group (mild- and common-type) and emergency group (severe- and fatal-type).Results: In non-emergency group, the disease slowly aggravated within the first two weeks, peaked during the 2nd week (median superimposed involvement CT score: 9.5), while in emergency group, the disease peaked in the 2nd week rapidly, and the superimposed involvement CT score(median: 20) was higher than that in non-emergency group. Both two groups began to decline in the 4th week, and persistence of high levels. In emergency group, the residual lung lesions were mostly reticular (median single reticular CT score: 10) and consolidation (median single consolidation CT score:7). By contrast, most residual lung lesions in non-emergency group were GGO (median single GGO CT score: 7) and reticular (median single reticular CT score: 4). In both non-emergency and emergency groups, GGO pattern was dominant in the first week, and the proportion in emergency group was higher [20 (65%) and (18 (72%), respectively], the consolidation pattern peaked in the second week, which were 9 (32%) and 19 (73%), respectively, reticular pattern became dominant in and after 4 weeks (both over 40%).Conclusion: The disease in non-emergency and emergency group peaks in the second week. In the non-emergency group, the residual lesions are dominated by GGO and reticular, while those in the emergency group are mainly reticular and consolidation. The transiently CT manifestations of emergency and non-emergency follow certain patterns at different time points of the disease course.
Development of a Multilevel Intervention to Increase Colorectal Cancer Screening in Appalachia
Authors: Kruse-Diehr Aaron J. , Oliveri Jill M. , Vanderpool Robin C. , Katz Mira L. , Reiter Paul L. , Gray Darrell M. , Pennell Michael L. , Young Gregory S. , Huang Bin , Fickle Darla , Cromo Mark , Rogers Melinda , Gross David , Gibson Ashley , Jellison Jeanne , Sarap Michael D. , Bivens Tonia A. , McGuire Tracy D. , McAlearney Ann Scheck , Huerta Timothy R. , Rahurkar Saurabh , Paskett Electra D. , Dignan Mark 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening rates are lower in Appalachian regions of the United States than in non-Appalachian regions. Given the availability of various screening modalities, there is critical need for culturally relevant interventions addressing multiple socioecological levels to reduce the regional CRC burden. In this report, we describe the development and baseline findings from Year One of ‘Accelerating Colorectal Cancer Screening through Implementation Science (ACCSIS) in Appalachia,’ a five-year, National Cancer Institute Cancer MoonshotSM-funded multilevel intervention (MLI) project to increase screening in Appalachian Kentucky and Ohio primary care clinics.Methods: Project development was theory-driven and included the establishment of both an external Scientific Advisory Board and a Community Advisory Board to provide guidance in conducting formative activities in two Appalachian counties: one in Kentucky and one in Ohio. Activities included identifying and describing the study communities and primary care clinics, selecting appropriate evidence-based interventions (EBIs), and conducting a pilot test of MLI strategies addressing patient, provider, clinic, and community needs. Results: Key informant interviews identified multiple barriers to CRC screening, including fear of screening , test results, and financial concerns (patient-level); lack of time and competing priorities (provider-level); lack of reminder or tracking systems and staff burden (clinic-level); and cultural issues, societal norms, and transportation (community-level). With this information, investigators then offered clinics a menu of EBIs and strategies to address barriers at each level. Clinics selected individually tailored MLIs, including improvement of patient education materials, provision of provider education (resulting in increased knowledge, p = .003), enhancement of electronic health record (EHR) systems and development of clinic screening protocols, and implementation of community CRC awareness events. Conclusions: Lessons learned from Year One included increased recognition of variability among the clinics and how they function, appreciation for clinic staff and provider workload, and development of strategies to utilize EHR systems. These findings necessitated a modification of study design for subsequent years.
Observation and Analysis of Case Discussions Using WeChat Groups Among Orthopedists
Authors: Li Yongwei , Hu Shugang , Alkhatatbeh Tariq , Wang Jialin , Song Jidong , Wang Kunzheng , Wang Wei , Ma Rui 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: With the vigorous development of social media networks, an increasing number of orthopedists in China are taking part in case discussions using WeChat groups. The case discussion process using WeChat is quick, convenient and not limited by time or space, but this kind of case discussion is also chaotic and unconstrained. This study is aimed to observe and analyze the purpose, participation, case completeness, opinion consistency of orthopedic case discussions using WeChat groups.Methods: We collected data related to the case discussions of three orthopedic surgeons by taking screenshots of the chat records in the most-used WeChat groups from June to August 2019, and analyzed the purpose, participation, completeness and the opinion consistency between the majority of members and experts in related fields.Results: The common purposes of orthopedic case discussions were showing surgical results and obtaining treatment advice. The number of likes received for cases showing surgical results was significantly higher than those for cases requesting diagnostic advice and obtaining treatment advice. The complete and relatively complete cases attracted more participants and received more effective comments than the incomplete cases. The opinion consistency rate of the complete cases was higher than that of the relatively complete and incomplete cases.Conclusions: The case discussions using WeChat groups among orthopedists was mainly to show surgical results and request for diagnostic advice. Incomplete cases had low discussion participation and low opinion consistency. Online discussions using WeChat groups should be standardized with respect to the completeness of cases.
Evaluation of the safety and comfort of menstrual cup during sport: A prospective cohort study.
Authors: Araujo Maíta Poli de , Chimello Laisa , Brigido Barbara Pelincer , Ejnisman Benno , Pochini Alberto de Castro 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Objectives: to evaluate the the acceptability of menstrual cup during sport. Design: prospective cohort study. Setting: São Paulo, Brazil. Participants: a total of 49 female handball players with a mean age of 22 ± 2 years. Intervention: participants were inveted to use Softcup® disposable menstrual during three menstrual cycles. Main outcome measures: Overall satisfaction; secondary outcomes included ease of insertion and removal of the device, pain, discomfort in sexual intercourse, blood leakage and / or loss of the menstrual cup during sport.Results: The degree of overall satisfaction during sport was high (82%). The insertion and removal of the menstrual cup was considered easy by most users, and the degree of satisfaction increased in subsequent cycles. The complaint of menstrual flow leakage during sport occurred in 63.3% of the athletes in the first cycle and fell to 42.9% in the last cycle (p> 0.05). There was loss of the device during exercise in 36.7% of the athletes in the first cycle, 30.6% in the second and 26.5% in the third cycle (p> 0.05). Of the athletes who had sexual intercourse with the collector, 90.9% of them had no discomfort. Conclusion: although the leakage and loss of the device may occur during the sport, the acceptability of the menstrual cup was high among the female athletes.
Consistency Study of Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance and Computed Tomography Targeting in Targeted Radiotherapy for Prostate Cancer
Authors: Xu Zhen , Li Xiao-Dong , Fu Lu , Yu Yong-Hua 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: To compare the difference of location by computed tomography (CT) and multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) on the target delineation and volume for organs at risk (OARs) among patients with prostate cancer. Methods: T1-weighted imaging (T1WI), T2-weighted imaging (T2WI), and CT were performed among 11 patients who received radiotherapy for prostate cancer at our center between August 2018 and December 2019. The target areas were delineated using the Eclipse system, and the radiotherapy plans were made based on the treatment planning system (TPS) to compare target volume and dose-volume histogram (DVH) relative to rectum and bladder. Results: The clinical target volume (CTV) of T1WI and T2WI decreased by 18.8% (P=0.001) and 22.72% (P=0.003), respectively, compared with CT. The planning target volume (PTV) on T1WI and T2WI were 20.45% (P=0.015) and 22.31% (P= 0.008) smaller than that defined by CT. There was no significant difference in either CTV or PTV between the areas outlined on T1WI and T2WI. The DVH resulting from CT and MRI comparisons showed that the rectum and bladder dose levels were lower with MRI images compared with CT. It should be noted that at the lateral directions, the range of outlining on T2WI sequence were significantly smaller than others. Conclusion: Target planning based on mpMRI (T1WI, T2WI) is more precise than CT, which can significantly reduce the range of the target area and the volume of rectum and bladder exposed to high levels of radiation, improve the fitness and radiographic accuracy of the target area, especially on T2WI.
Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Artemisinin-based Combination Therapies in the Treatment of Uncomplicated Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria in Cameroon: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis from Individual Patient Data (2004-2020)
Authors: Nji Akindeh M. , Niba Peter Thelma Ngwa , Netongo Palmer Masumbe , Ali Innocent M. , Ngwafor Randolph , Moyeh Marcel N. , Mbu'u Cyrille Mbanwi , Fosah Dorothy A. , Atogho-Tiedeu Barbara , Evehe Marie-Solange , Dadjeu Rosine , Chedjou Jean Paul Kengne , Bigoga Jude D. , Ajua Anthony , Achidi Eric , Tallah Esther , Leke Rose G. F. , Tourgordi Alexis , Ringwald Pascal , Mbacham Wilfred F. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Cameroon remains a high malaria endemic country. The rapid emergence and spread of Plasmodium falciparum resistant parasites compelled the World Health Organisation (WHO) to recommend the change from monotherapies to artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs). This study aimed to assess the clinical efficacy and safety of artemisinin-based combination therapies in the treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Cameroon from 2004 to 2020.Methods: The preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA) statement were adopted for the selection of studies. The heterogeneity of the included studies was determined using Cochrane Q and the I2. The random effects model was used as standard to combine studies showing heterogeneity of Cochrane Q with P < 0.10 and I2 > 50.Results: Out of the 4,920 articles and unpublished datasets screened, 16 records with a sample size of 3,737 participants on 8 generic ACTs fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The per protocol (PP) analysis pooled efficacy of the ACTs was 97.9 % (95 % CI, 97.2-98.7, P<0.01). Sub-group analyses were performed for ASAQ, AL and DHAP. The aggregated efficacies of ASAQ, AL and DHAP were 97.5 % (95 % CI, 96.3-98.8, P<0.01), 99.4 % (95 % CI, 98.6-100.0, P=0.39), 98.0 % (95 % CI, 96.3-99.7, P=0.28) respectively. The pooled efficacies were above the WHO minimum benchmark of 90.0%. The ACTs are well tolerated and common adverse events reported were asthenia, diarrhoea, abdominal pain, anorexia, nausea and vomiting, headache and dizziness.Conclusion: This study reported a high pooled efficacy for all ACTs. AL and DHAP were found to have higher cumulative efficacies than ASAQ. The ACTs are still efficacious and well tolerated for the treatment of malaria in Cameroon. However, there is need for continuous monitoring of efficacy of ACTs despite the high cure rates as resistance seems inevitable.
Epidemiology And Outcome Of Elderly Patients Requiring Renal Replacement Therapy In The Intensive Care Unit: An Observational Study
Authors: Salathe Cecile , Poli Elettra , Altarelli Marco , Bianchi Nathan Axel , Schneider Antoine Guillaume 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Renal replacement therapy (RRT) in critically-ill patients is associated with high morbidity and mortality. The adequacy of its initiation is sometimes questioned in elderly patients particularly those with comorbidities. We therefore sought to evaluate the long-term outcomes and quality of life (QOL) of elderly patients who survived critical illness requiring RRT.Methods: We identified all patients > 55 yo who received RRT for acute kidney injury in our intensive care unit (ICU) between January 2015 and April 2018. We assessed their vital status by cross referencing our hospital database and the Swiss national death registry. Patients still alive at the time of the study underwent a phone interview. They were asked about their dialytic status and administered an EQ-5D survey with visual analog scale (VAS). Results were stratified according to patient's age groups (G1: "55–64 yo"; G2: "65–74 yo" and G3: "> 75 yo"). QOL in G3 patients were compared to G1 and G2 and to predicted values (calculated based on a local reference population).Results: Among the 352 eligible patients, 171 died during the index hospital admission. After a median follow-up of 2.7 years (IQR 1.6), a further 62 had died (mean time to death for hospital survivors 149.4 days (IQR 450.4). Hence, 119 patients (33.6%) were still alive at the time of the study. We successfully contacted 96 (80.7%) of them and 83 (69.7%) were included in the study (G1: 24, G2: 44 and G3: 15). Only 6 (7.2%) were RRT dependent. Patients in G3 had lower EQ-5D and VAS scores than those in G1 and G2 (p < 0.01). These scores were also significantly lower than predicted values (p < 0.05).Conclusions: Irrespective of age, the need for RRT identifies a population at very high risk of mortality. Among survivors, the rate of RRT dependence is low. Patients > 75 yo who survived ICU had a lower quality of life than younger patients. This QOL was also lower than predicted according to age and sex. The adequacy of RRT initiation in elderly patients should be discussed according to their pre-existing QOL and frailty.