bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation into inconsistent lateralisation of language functions as a potential risk factor for language impairment
Authors: Bradshaw Abigail R. , Woodhead Zoe V. J. , Thompson Paul A. , Bishop Dorothy V. M. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractDisruption to language lateralisation has been proposed as a cause of developmental language impairments. In this study, we tested the idea that consistency of lateralisation across different language functions is associated with language ability. A large sample of adults with variable language abilities (N = 67 with a developmental disorder affecting language and N = 37 controls) were recruited. Lateralisation was measured using functional transcranial Doppler sonography (fTCD) for three language tasks that engage different language subprocesses (phonological decision, semantic decision and sentence generation). The whole sample was divided into those with consistent versus inconsistent lateralisation across the three tasks. Language ability (using a battery of standardised tests) was compared between the consistent and inconsistent groups. The results did not show a significant effect of lateralisation consistency on language skills. However, of the 31 individuals showing inconsistent lateralisation, the vast majority (84%) were in the disorder group with only five controls showing such a pattern, a difference that was higher than would be expected by chance. The developmental disorder group also demonstrated weaker correlations between laterality indices across pairs of tasks. In summary, although the data did not support the hypothesis that inconsistent language lateralisation is a major cause of poor language skills, the results suggested that some subtypes of language disorder are associated with inefficient distribution of language functions between hemispheres. Inconsistent lateralisation could be a causal factor in the aetiology of language disorder or may arise in some cases as the consequence of developmental disorder, possibly reflective of compensatory reorganisation.
Dihydroergotamine (DHE) – Then and Now: A Narrative Review
Authors: Silberstein Stephen D. , Shrewsbury Stephen B. , Hoekman John 
Published: November 2019

ObjectiveTo provide a narrative review of clinical development programs for non‐oral, non‐injectable formulations of dihydroergotamine (DHE) for the treatment of migraine.BackgroundDihydroergotamine was one of the first “synthetic drugs” developed in the 20th century for treating migraine. It is effective and recommended for acute migraine treatment. Since oral DHE is extensively metabolized, it must be given by a non‐oral route. Intravenous DHE requires healthcare personnel to administer, subcutaneous/intramuscular injection is challenging to self‐administer, and the approved nasal spray formulation exhibits low bioavailability and high variability that limits its efficacy. Currently there are several attempts underway to develop non‐oral, non‐injected formulations of DHE.MethodA systematic search of MEDLINE/PubMed and ClinicalTrials.gov databases, then narrative review of identified reports, focusing on those published in the last 10 years.ResultsOf 1881 references to DHE from a MEDLINE/PubMed search, 164 were from the last 10 years and were the focus of this review. Further cross reference was made to ClinicalTrials.gov for 19 clinical studies, of which some results have not yet been published, or are studies that are currently underway. Three nasal DHE products are in clinical development, reawakening interest in this route of delivery for migraine. Other routes of DHE administration have been, or are being, explored.ConclusionThere is renewed appreciation for DHE and the need for non‐oral, non‐injected delivery is now being addressed.
Medical library services in Switzerland: catching up with EBM
Authors: Bissels Gerhard , Klein Sabine D. , de Kaenel Isabelle 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe feature is a part of the series about medical library services in various countries. It gives an overview of medical library services to support research, education and clinical practice in Switzerland. Data were collected by means of an online survey and set in the wider context of the Swiss healthcare system. Key findings are that library services, including support by academic librarians, are provided to health care staff in hospitals – both university and others, while there is no information service infrastructure to serve the large number of GPs and specialists who mostly run their own practice. The authors recommend that – if the health authorities take EBM seriously – information services should be introduced for these small practices. J.M.
Work productivity and activity impairment in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa: a cross‐sectional study
Authors: Yao Yiqiu , Jørgensen Astrid‐Helene Ravn , Thomsen Simon Francis 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe understanding of absenteeism, presenteeism, and impairments in daily activities among patients with hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is limited. We examined the impact of disease‐specific factors of HS on work and daily life among a cohort of outpatients in a tertiary hospital setting.MethodsConsecutive patients with HS were clinically evaluated and completed the Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI) questionnaire modified for HS.ResultsA total of 100 patients were included. Among 57 (57.0%) patients who were employed, 21.2% reported missing work, and 60.4% reported loss of work productivity during the preceding week as a result of HS. The overall work productivity was reduced by 26.6%. Seventy‐two percent reported daily activity impairment, averaging 32.7% reduction in daily activities. Moderate to strong correlations were observed between reduction in quality of life and the WPAI outcomes; presenteeism, overall work impairment, and activity impairment (r = 0.50–0.77). There were moderate correlations between disease severity and the same outcomes (r = 0.35–0.46). The mean rank of activity impairment among patients with Hurley stage I was 34.8, 60.1 for Hurley stage II, and 64.0 for Hurley stage III, P < 0.0001. Unemployed patients had higher activity impairment compared with employed patients (mean rank: 61.0 vs. 42.6, P = 0.001).ConclusionThere are considerable rates of presenteeism, overall work impairment, and activity impairment in HS patients. Presenteeism, loss of overall work productivity, and activity impairment are positively correlated with greater disease severity and reduction in quality of life.
Systems immunology reveals a linked IgG3–C4 response in patients with acute rheumatic fever
Authors: Chung Amy W , Ho Timothy KC , Hanson‐Manful Paulina , Tritscheller Susanne , Raynes Jeremy M , Whitcombe Alana L , Tay Mei Lin , McGregor Reuben , Lorenz Natalie , Oliver Jane R , Gurney Jason K , Print Cristin G , Wilson Nigel J , Martin William J , Williamson Deborah A , Baker Michael G , Moreland Nicole J 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAcute rheumatic fever (ARF) and chronic rheumatic heart disease (RHD) are autoimmune sequelae of a Group A streptococcal infection with significant global mortality and poorly understood pathogenesis. Immunoglobulin and complement deposition were observed in ARF/RHD valve tissue over 50 years ago, yet contemporary investigations have been lacking. This study applied systems immunology to investigate the relationships between the complement system and immunoglobulin in ARF. Patients were stratified by C‐reactive protein (CRP) concentration into high (≥10 μg mL−1) and low (<10 μg mL−1) groups to distinguish those with clinically significant inflammatory processes from those with abating inflammation. The circulating concentrations of 17 complement factors and six immunoglobulin isotypes and subclasses were measured in ARF patients and highly matched healthy controls using multiplex bead‐based immunoassays. An integrative statistical approach combining feature selection and principal component analysis revealed a linked IgG3–C4 response in ARF patients with high CRP that was absent in controls. Strikingly, both IgG3 and C4 were elevated above clinical reference ranges, suggesting these features are a marker of ARF‐associated inflammation. Humoral immunity in response to M protein, an antigen implicated in ARF pathogenesis, was completely polarized to IgG3 in the patient group. Furthermore, the anti‐M‐protein IgG3 response was correlated with circulating IgG3 concentration, highlighting a potential role for this potent immunoglobulin subclass in disease. In conclusion, a linked IgG3–C4 response appears important in the initial, inflammatory stage of ARF and may have immediate utility as a clinical biomarker given the lack of specific diagnostic tests currently available.
Asset pricing factors in Islamic equity returns
Authors: Safiullah Md , Shamsuddin Abul 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPrevious studies have compared risk–return characteristics of Islamic equity indices with their conventional counterparts, which may produce spurious results because a conventional equity index includes both Islamic and non‐Islamic constituents. Hence, this study compares Islamic equity portfolios with their non‐Islamic counterparts. We find that aggregate Islamic equity portfolios generally outperform non‐Islamic equity portfolios after controlling for the five asset pricing factors—market, size, value, profitability, and investment (Fama and French, 2015). The average cost of equity is 2.77 percentage points lower for Islamic firms compared to non‐Islamic firms. The findings hold for the various segments of the global equity market, and remain robust when the interest rate‐augmented and the liquidity factor‐augmented versions of the Fama–French five‐factor model are employed. The GRS test results suggest these asset pricing models may not be adequate for pricing both Islamic and non‐Islamic equities.
The transactional model of stress and coping as guidance for understanding adolescent patients' experience with thalassemia: Case report
Authors: Abu Shosha Ghada M. , Al‐Kalaldeh Mahmoud 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPurpose: This case report investigated the transactional model of stress and coping as guidance for nursing care of an adolescent patient with thalassemia.Sources Used: A case study of a 15‐year‐old female patient with β‐thalassemia major. Data were collected using patient medical records, an interview with the patient and physical examination.Results: Four issues related to coping were isolated: Worsening physical symptoms; psychosocial consequences, coping process, and building supportive networks. These issues and the patient's adaption are explored via the transactional model.Conclusions: Having thalassemia was cognitively appraised by the patient as a stressful and taxing situation with detrimental consequences, such as changes in physical appearance, stigmatization, and depression. Nurses should evaluate each patient's physical and psychosocial needs, utilizing appropriate theoretical models for designing a suitable care plan. As the case study demonstrates, the transactional model was an effective guide for nurses in planning care of an adolescent patient with thalassemia.
Latent class analysis categorizes chronic hand eczema patients according to skin barrier impairment
Authors: Tauber M. , Bérard E. , Lourari S. , Questel E. , Redoules D. , Paul C. , Simon M. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundChronic hand eczema (CHE) is the most common skin disorder affecting the hands. It causes major physical and psychological burden for patients. Classification of CHE remains challenging because of its aetiological and clinical heterogeneity.ObjectivesUsing latent class analysis (LCA) on a large categorical data set, our aim was to identify distinct phenotypes in a cohort of unselected CHE patients based upon clinical, genetic, molecular and physical parameters of the affected skin.MethodsWe performed two independent LCA on a cohort of 71 well‐characterized patients that initially integrated clinical severity, total immunoglobulin E plasma level, transepidermal water loss, hydration index, interleukin(IL)‐8 lesional skin level, Staphylococcus (aureus and epidermidis) colonization, FLG genotype and the expression (mRNA) of genes involved either in the filaggrin degradation and the natural moisturizing factor synthesis, the cornified envelope formation, the tight junctions’ structure and the desquamation process, or encoding antimicrobial peptides and chemokines.ResultsThe first LCA categorized patients into a group displaying high severity of CHE, high skin barrier impairment, high Staphylococcus colonization, high IL‐8 skin level and high frequency of mutation in the FLG gene and a second group with opposite characteristics. The second LCA identified two independent groups of patients categorized by their low or high level of skin barrier impairment and corresponding changes in the expression of the related genes.ConclusionsOur study suggests that the degree of skin barrier dysfunction is the most important parameter to discriminate CHE patients and probably plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of the disease whatever the aetiological factors. As far as we know, this is the first study to address this topic using a statistical categorization method without preconception.
Surface roughness and color stability of surface sealants and adhesive systems applied over a resin‐based composite
Authors: Cortopassi Lucas S. , Shimokawa Carlos A. K. , Willers Amanda E. , Sobral Maria A. P. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate coating materials regarding color and roughness changes when applied over a composite resin.Materials and MethodsSpecimens were made using Filtek Supreme Ultra. Coating materials were applied over the specimens' surface: Control (CTRL); Adper Single Bond Plus (SB); Scotchbond Universal (US); Clearfil SE (CL); Ambar APS (APS); Bioforty (BF); Fortify (FF); PermaSeal (PS); G‐CoatPlus (GC). Specimens were evaluated regarding color changes (∆E00) using spectrophotometer (n = 10); surface roughness (Ra), using optical profilometer (n = 10); surface topography, using scanning electron microscopy (n = 1); and thickness of material, using optical microscopy (n = 1). Analyses were made before and after 24, 72, and 168 hours of storage in wine, used as a staining solution. Data was statistically analyzed using analysis of variance, Tukey and Pearson tests (α:.05).ResultsNone of the materials presented color stability. ∆E00 increased with increasing storage time at red wine, until 72 hours. BF, FF, PS, SB, and CTRL presented the lowest ∆E00 after 24 hours. APS presented the highest ∆E00 (32.59; P < .05). Regarding roughness, initially, surface sealants and APS presented the lowest values. After 168 hours, GC presented the lowest Ra (0.60; P < .05).ConclusionsAll the materials presented color and roughness changes after storage in red wine.Clinical RelevanceSome coating materials can be applied over the surface of RBC restorations without changing its color stability or surface roughness.
Diet of six deep‐sea grenadiers (Macrouridae)
Authors: Stevens Darren W. , Dunn Matthew R. , Pinkerton Matthew H. , Bradford‐Grieve Janet M. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractFeeding habits of six deep‐sea demersal trawl‐caught macrourids on Chatham Rise, New Zealand, were examined from stomach contents during the austral summer. Three species were predominantly benthic foragers: smallbanded rattail Coelorinchus parvifasciatus on small epifaunal crustaceans, twosaddle rattail Coelorinchus biclinozonalis on epifaunal decapods and humpback rattail Coryphaenoides dossenus on benthic fishes and epifaunal decapods. Three species were predominantly benthopelagic foragers: banded rattail Coelorinchus fasciatus on hyperiid and gammarid amphipods and calanoid copepods, blackspot rattail Lucigadus nigromaculatus on small epifaunal crustaceans and suprabenthic mysids and Mahia rattail Coelorinchus matamua on epifaunal decapods and calanoid copepods. The most important predictors of diet variability were identified using distance‐based linear models and included areal predictors in C. parvifasciatus, L. nigromaculatus and C. dossenus, fish size in C. dossenus, C. biclinozonalis and C. matamua, sample year in C. biclinozonalis and C. fasciatus and depth in C. matamua. Results are compared with previously published data for four other macrourid species from the same study area. The 10 grenadier species comprise benthic, benthopelagic and mesopelagic foraging guilds. This study brings the number of grenadier species for which diet on Chatham Rise has been described in detail to 12.
It is just that people treat you like a human being: The meaning of dignity for patients with substance use disorders
Authors: Solberg Hege , Nåden Dagfinn 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIntroductionPatients who suffer from substance use disorder (SUD) might receive services from different service providers in an opioid maintenance treatment programme (OMT) and have a widespread and complex need for nursing.BackgroundLiterature reveals that prejudices against people with SUD exist. There is a lack of studies exploring patients with SUD experiences of preserving their dignity in the encounter with healthcare staff. The aim of the study was to gain insight into the meaning of dignity for patients with SUD.MethodsThe research design was descriptive and interpretative. In the interpretation of qualitative in‐depth interviews with six patients, a hermeneutical approach based on Gadamer (Truth and method, Sheed & Ward, London, UK, 1989) was used.ResultsAnalysis resulted in three mains themes about the meaning of dignity: (a) The material dimension. (b) To be respected by others. (c) The inner experience. Factors enhancing dignity in the encounters were as follows: (a) Being respected and acknowledged. (b) Being cared for. (c) Knowledge and persistent relation. Factors depriving dignity were as follows: (a) Stigma and prejudice. (b) Insufficient relations and lack of confirmation. (c) Experiencing disrespectful/patronising attitudes and lack of knowledge.ConclusionsThe material dimension of dignity containing an aesthetically aspect was important for these patients. Dignity was also experienced as strongly connected to respect. Dignity can be enhanced by treating patients with SUD with understanding and respect, and dignity can be inhibited through stigmatization of patients with SUD, as well as by caregivers’ lack of knowledge.Relevance to clinical practiceThe study clarifies a need for more knowledge about SUD among healthcare staff, as well as promotes ethical awareness in encounters with patients regardless of their background.
Sinomenine's protective role and mechanism in stress load-induced heart failure
Authors: Fu Yan-Fei , Li Le , Fang Pu , Song Jie , Sun Xiao-Hui , Meng Tian-Hua , Tao Hou-Quan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Objectives
This study is designed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of sinomenine (Sin) in stress load-induced heart failure in mice.

Methods
We used aortic constriction (AB) to cause pressure overload as our heart failure model. Sin was received in mice as the treatment group. Cardiac function and structural changes were detected using echocardiography. Heart–lung mass ratios were measured. The serum levels of IL-10 and IL-17 proteins were detected by using ELISA, cardiac hypertrophy markers atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), myocardial I and III collagen mRNA levels were detected by RT-PCR. Myocardial type I and III collagen protein levels were detected by Western blotting.

Key findings
Sin significantly improved stress load-induced heart failure (P &lt; 0.05), reduced the heart–lung mass ratio, ANP, collagen-I and -III mRNA and protein levels (P &lt; 0.05); Sin can enhance the ratio of IL-10/IL-17.

Conclusion
Sin may be a promising drug target to improve heart failure. Its role is related to reduce serum ANP levels, inhibit the mRNA and protein level of type I and III collagen and enhance the ratio of IL-10/IL-17.
Evaluation of the effect of vincristine on platelet count in dogs with lymphoma
Authors: Campbell O. , MacDonald V. S. , Dickinson R. M. , Gagnon J. 
Published: November 2019

ObjectivesTo determine the effect of vincristine administration on the platelet count, platelet morphology and incidence of thrombocytopenia in dogs diagnosed with lymphoma.Material and MethodsMedical records of 59 dogs with lymphoma receiving vincristine sulphate were reviewed retrospectively.ResultsFollowing vincristine administration the platelet count was higher and the number of thrombocytopenic patients was lower. No difference was found in the number of dogs with enlarged and elliptical platelets following vincristine treatment.Clinical SignificanceVincristine administration increases platelet counts in dogs with lymphoma. It is not contra‐indicated to administer vincristine to dogs with lymphoma that are thrombocytopenic.
Existence of a calibrated regime switching local volatility model
Authors: Jourdain Benjamin , Zhou Alexandre 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBy Gyöngy's theorem, a local and stochastic volatility model is calibrated to the market prices of all European call options with positive maturities and strikes if its local volatility (LV) function is equal to the ratio of the Dupire LV function over the root conditional mean square of the stochastic volatility factor given the spot value. This leads to a stochastic differential equation (SDE) nonlinear in the sense of McKean. Particle methods based on a kernel approximation of the conditional expectation, as presented in Guyon and Henry‐Labordère [Risk Magazine, 25, 92–97], provide an efficient calibration procedure even if some calibration errors may appear when the range of the stochastic volatility factor is very large. But so far, no global existence result is available for the SDE nonlinear in the sense of McKean. When the stochastic volatility factor is a jump process taking finitely many values and with jump intensities depending on the spot level, we prove existence of a solution to the associated Fokker–Planck equation under the condition that the range of the squared stochastic volatility factor is not too large. We then deduce existence to the calibrated model by extending the results in Figalli [Journal of Functional Analysis, 254(1), 109–153].