bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Macht, Manipulation und Miteinander—Medienräume des Gerüchts
Authors: Sturm Katharina 
Published: November 2019

›Gerücht‹.—Ein Begriff, unter dem sich jeder etwas vorstellen kann und eine Form der Botschaft, die in geradezu unerhörter Weise zu affektieren vermag. Denn wer schätzt nicht eine gute Geschichte, besonders wenn sie vermeintliche Wahrheiten enthüllt, die einen Wissensvorteil, also einen zumindest winzigen Machtvorsprung erlauben?
Geschichten sind Macht, wer Vergangenheit und Gegenwart in eine gute Erzählung zu verkleiden weiß, hält das Geschick der Menschheit in den Händen. Zugegebenermaßen ist dies eine kühne Behauptung. Stark vom Finale der achten Staffel Game of Thrones’ motiviert, macht die Verfasserin dieser Zeilen doch darin eine ganz simple Wahrheit aus: Menschen lieben Unterhaltung, ganz besonders, wenn es sich dabei um sie selbst dreht, wenn sie durch die Einbettung in eine Narration ein Stück Ewigkeit für sich beanspruchen können. Somit leitet dieses Essay auch eine an diesen Gedankengang geknüpfte Überlegung ein: Ist das Gerücht nicht zunächst einfach nur eine unterhaltsame Erzählung, in der wir uns selbst und unsere weltbewegenden Fragen erkennen? Über einen primär emotionalen Zugang soll versucht werden, zu verstehen, warum das Gerücht sich sowohl im Interessensspektrum der Psychoanalyse, als auch in dem der Politik wiederfindet. Wann wird die Geschichte zur Waffe; wann zum ›Monster‹, das sich von unseren Sehnsüchten und Ängsten nährt? Ist das Gerücht ein Medium ›potenziell monströser Machenschaften‹? Ist es ein Werkzeug, das ebenso gut im, wie gegen den Sinn der Demokratie eingesetzt werden kann? Oder ist es vielmehr so, dass jede Waffe letztlich beides ist—je nachdem, wer sie führt? Welche Rolle spielt dabei die gemeinsame Wahrheit als verbindender Faktor, gegen die scheinbare Unwissenheit der Ausgeschlossenen? Zu diesem Zweck soll sich im Folgenden die Betrachtung des Gerüchts aus dem Umkreis von Kunst und Literatur nach und nach ins Zentrum aktueller Mediennutzung vorarbeiten, wobei die emotionale Verbindung zum Rezipienten stets im Blick behalten werden soll. Sowohl Aufbau als auch Inhalt der Untersuchung wollen zeigen, wie sich diese besondere Form der Narrative zunächst auf einer rein ästhetischen, lustvollen Ebene erspüren, dann nach und nach als konkreter Gegenstand der Medienwahrnehmung fassen und schlussendlich bezüglich seiner öffentlichen Wirksamkeit kritisch hinterfragen lässt. Bewusst ist dabei der zeitliche Rahmen, innerhalb dessen das Phänomen betrachtet werden soll, weit gefasst. Es wird versucht, dort in die gegenwärtige Wahrnehmung des Gerüchts einzudringen, wo es sich als ›monströse Entität‹ für oder gegen die Demokratie bemerkbar macht.
To Evaluate the Effect of Storage Temperature on the Linear Dimensional Accuracy of Delayed and Repeat Pours of Two Addition Silicone Impression Materials
Authors: Kinra Manish Sen 
Published: November 2019

Background: Addition silicone elastomers are the most commonly used impression materials for making final impression for fpd, implants and rpd. The dimensional stability and accuracy of addition silicone impression material are influenced by the storage time, temperature and repeat pour.
Aim and Objectives: To evaluate the accuracy of two different types of addition silicone elastomeric impression materials, stored at a different temperature. To evaluate the accuracy of two different types of addition silicone elastomeric impression materials, after delayed and repeated pour. To compare the linear dimensions of two different types of addition silicone elastomeric impression materials with a control die.
Materials and Methods: A machined standard steel master die and metal custom impression tray was made for making a final impression of machined standard steel master die. Final impression was made by using two different brands of addition silicone impression materials (Aquasil Ultra Impression material, Dentsply/ Caulk, Milford, D & 3M ESPE). Double step putty light body impression technique was used for making final impression. In this manner total numbers of 80 impressions were made and they were divided into two groups Group I and Group II. To study the effect of delayed pours and storage temperature were divided into 4 sub-groups, 10 impressions each. All the ten impressions of each sub groups were stored at 40°C in acrylizer, 24 hours at -10°C, 48 hours at -2°C and 1 week respectively at 0°C inside a refrigerator in a sealed plastic bags before been poured with type IV die stone. To study the effect of repeat pours on the accuracy of stone casts, all ten impressions of each sub groups was immediately re poured with type IV die stone after the removal of first set of casts. Thus again a fresh set of 80 cats were obtained having 40 casts belongs to each group.
Results: When impressions were stored at 40°C in acrylizer, 24 hours at -10°C, 48 hours at -2°C and 1 week respectively at 0°C addition silicone impression materials did not show any significant change when compared to control samples.
Conclusion: Both types of addition silicone elastomeric impression materials maintained their accuracy after delayed poured and repeat pours. Storing impressions under different conditions caused no adverse effect upon the accuracy of both types of addition silicone elastomeric impression materials. There was no significant change in the dimensions of stone casts obtained from both impression materials as compared to the dimensions of a master die. If addition silicone impression material is delayed pour up to 1 week, repeat pour and exposed from -10°C to 40°C in that clinical situation also linear dimensional accuracy will not be adversely effected.
Improving the Quality of Care for Acute Pain Management in Recovery Room at the Georgetown Public Hospital Corporation
Authors: Husbands-Anderson Dorette , Szerb Jennifer , Harvey Alexandra 
Published: November 2019

Objectives: To observe the method of pain assessment and pain management intervention performed by nurses in the PACU.
Methods and Design: A QI prospective observational study was conducted to observe nurse’s pain assessment and management of thirty (30) patients from the time of PACU admission to discharge. The sample size was determined using the sealed envelope power calculator.
Data Collection Included: patients demographics, the method and frequency of pain assessments as well as modalities of the pain intervention and the type and average dose of pain medications administered by PACU nurses.
Data analysis was done using Microsoft excel.
Results: No validated pain assessment tool was used in the PACU. The majority of patients 67%, n=20) had no pain assessments or pain interventions. When performed, the frequency of pain assessments recorded were low, 70% of patients had 1-2 assessments. The principal pain management intervention was pharmacological with the use of opioids, accounting for 96%.
Conclusion: Post-operative pain management in the PACU at GPHC does not meet accepted standards of care. More frequent nursing pain assessment using a validated pain assessment tool is required. Monotherapy with the opioid was the main pain intervention for pain management.
Recommendations: Effective pain management begins with the appropriate pain assessment; therefore pain management education programs for health care professionals are essential. Also, the implementation of a standardized pain assessment tool, a standardized post anesthetic order sheet with a multimodal approach to pain management and restructuring the post-anesthetic record to allow for documentation of pain assessment will greatly improve pain management in the PACU.
Organic Photodetectors and their Application in Large Area and Flexible Image Sensors: The Role of Dark Current
Authors: Simone Giulio , Dyson Matthew J. , Meskers Stefan C. J. , Janssen René A. J. , Gelinck Gerwin H. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractOrganic photodetectors (OPDs) have gained increasing interest as they offer cost‐effective fabrication methods using low temperature processes, making them particularly attractive for large area image detectors on lightweight flexible plastic substrates. Moreover, their photophysical and optoelectronic properties can be tuned both at a material and device level. Visible‐light OPDs are proposed for use in indirect‐conversion X‐ray detectors, fingerprint scanners, and intelligent surfaces for gesture recognition. Near‐infrared OPDs find applications in biomedical imaging and optical communications. For most applications, minimizing the OPD dark current density (Jd) is crucial to improve important figures of merits such as the signal‐to‐noise ratio, the linear dynamic range, and the specific detectivity (D*). Here, a quantitative analysis of the intrinsic dark current processes shows that charge injection from the electrodes is the dominant contribution to Jd in OPDs. Jd reduction is typically addressed by fine‐tuning the active layer energetics and stratification or by using charge blocking layers. Yet, most experimental Jd values are higher than the calculated intrinsic limit. Possible reasons for this deviation are discussed, including extrinsic defects in the photoactive layer and the presence of trap states. This provides the reader with guidelines to improve the OPD performances in view of imaging applications.
Recent Advances in Hemostasis at the Nanoscale
Authors: Wang Xiao‐Xiong , Liu Qi , Sui Jin‐Xia , Ramakrishna Seeram , Yu Miao , Zhou Yu , Jiang Xing‐Yu , Long Yun‐Ze 
Published: November 2019

AbstractRapid and effective hemostatic materials have received wide attention not only in the battlefield but also in hospitals and clinics. Traditional hemostasis relies on materials with little designability which has many limitations. Nanohemostasis has been proposed since the use of peptides in hemostasis. Nanomaterials exhibit excellent adhesion, versatility, and designability compared to traditional materials, laying a good foundation for future hemostatic materials. This review first summarizes current hemostatic methods and materials, and then introduces several cutting‐edge designs and applications of nanohemostatic materials such as polypeptide assembly, electrospinning of cyanoacrylate, and nanochitosan. Particularly, their advantages and working mechanisms are introduced. Finally, the challenges and prospects of nanohemostasis are discussed.
An Injectable Neural Stimulation Electrode Made from an In‐Body Curing Polymer/Metal Composite
Authors: Trevathan James K. , Baumgart Ian W. , Nicolai Evan N. , Gosink Brian A. , Asp Anders J. , Settell Megan L. , Polaconda Shyam R. , Malerick Kevin D. , Brodnick Sarah K. , Zeng Weifeng , Knudsen Bruce E. , McConico Andrea L. , Sanger Zachary , Lee Jannifer H. , Aho Johnathon M. , Suminski Aaron J. , Ross Erika K. , Lujan Jose L. , Weber Douglas J. , Williams Justin C. , Franke Manfred , Ludwig Kip A. , Shoffstall Andrew J. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractImplanted neural stimulation and recording devices hold vast potential to treat a variety of neurological conditions, but the invasiveness, complexity, and cost of the implantation procedure greatly reduce access to an otherwise promising therapeutic approach. To address this need, a novel electrode that begins as an uncured, flowable prepolymer that can be injected around a neuroanatomical target to minimize surgical manipulation is developed. Referred to as the Injectrode, the electrode conforms to target structures forming an electrically conductive interface which is orders of magnitude less stiff than conventional neuromodulation electrodes. To validate the Injectrode, detailed electrochemical and microscopy characterization of its material properties is performed and the feasibility of using it to stimulate the nervous system electrically in rats and swine is validated. The silicone‐metal‐particle composite performs very similarly to pure wire of the same metal (silver) in all measures, including exhibiting a favorable cathodic charge storage capacity (CSCC) and charge injection limits compared to the clinical LivaNova stimulation electrode and silver wire electrodes. By virtue of its simplicity, the Injectrode has the potential to be less invasive, more robust, and more cost‐effective than traditional electrode designs, which could increase the adoption of neuromodulation therapies for existing and new indications.
Controlled Growth Factor Release in 3D‐Printed Hydrogels
Authors: Wang Pengrui , Berry David , Moran Amy , He Frank , Tam Trevor , Chen Luwen , Chen Shaochen 
Published: November 2019

AbstractGrowth factors (GFs) are critical components in governing cell fate during tissue regeneration. Their controlled delivery is challenging due to rapid turnover rates in vivo. Functionalized hydrogels, such as heparin‐based hydrogels, have demonstrated great potential in regulating GF release. While the retention effects of various concentrations and molecular weights of heparin have been investigated, the role of geometry is unknown. In this work, 3D printing is used to fabricate GF‐embedded heparin‐based hydrogels with arbitrarily complex geometry (i.e., teabag, flower shapes). Simplified cylindrical core–shell structures with varied shell thickness are printed, and the rates of GF release are measured over the course of 28 days. Increasing the shell layers' thickness decreases the rate of GF release. Additionally, a mathematical model is developed, which is found capable of accurately predicting GF release kinetics in hydrogels with shell layers greater than 0.5 mm thick (R2 > 0.96). Finally, the sequential release is demonstrated by printing two GFs in alternating radial layers. By switching the spatial order, the delivery sequence of the GFs can be modulated. This study demonstrates how 3D printing can be utilized to fabricate user‐defined structures with unique geometry in order to control the rate of GF release in hydrogels.
131I‐Labeled Multifunctional Polyphosphazene Nanospheres for SPECT Imaging‐Guided Radiotherapy of Tumors
Authors: Zhu Wei , Zhao Lingzhou , Fan Yu , Zhao Jinhua , Shi Xiangyang , Shen Mingwu 
Published: November 2019

AbstractDesign of theranostic nanoplatforms represents a major topic for current nanomedicine. Here, the preparation of multifunctional poly(cyclotriphosphazene‐co‐polyethylenimine) nanospheres (PNSs) labeled with radionuclide 131I for single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging‐guided radiotherapy of tumors is reported. In this work, PNSs are prepared using hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene as a crosslinker to crosslink branched polyethylenimine (PEI) via a nucleophilic substitution reaction, modified with 3‐(4′‐hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid‐OSu (HPAO) for 131I labeling, and reacted with 1,3‐propane sulfonate (1,3‐PS) to render the particles with antifouling property, followed by acetylation of the remaining surface amines and labeling with 131I. The acquired PNS.NHAc‐HPAO(131I)‐PS particles are well characterized. It is shown that the multifunctional PNSs with an average size of 184 ± 29.3 nm exhibit favorable antifouling properties, high 131I labeling efficiency (76.05 ± 3.75%), and excellent radiostability and colloidal stability. With these properties owned, the developed PNS.NHAc‐HPAO(131I)‐PS spheres enable much more efficient SPECT imaging and radiotherapy of a xenografted tumor model in vivo than the PEI counterpart material (PEI.NHAc‐HPAO(131I)‐PS). The developed PNSs may be used as a versatile platform for further development of different forms of nanomedicine for various biomedical applications.
Continuous and Controllable Liquid Transfer Guided by a Fibrous Liquid Bridge: Toward High‐Performance QLEDs
Authors: Li Xiaoxun , Hu Binbin , Zhang Min , Wang Xiao , Chen Ling , Wang Aqiang , Wang Yunjun , Du Zuliang , Jiang Lei , Liu Huan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractSolution processing is widely used for preparing quantum dot (QD) films for fabricating QD light‐emitting diode display (QLED) devices. However, current approaches suffer from either the coffee‐ring effect or a large amount of wasted solution, leading to low performance and high cost. Here, a facile approach guided by a fibrous liquid bridge is developed for the continuous and controllable transfer of QD solution into ultrasmooth films by using a taut fiber with its two ends placed into capillary tubes. Guided along the fiber, a liquid bridge is formed between the horizontal fiber and the substrate, with a large mass of liquid steadily being held within the vertically placed tubes. Directionally moving the liquid bridge generates a high‐quality QD film on the substrate. Particularly, the liquid consumption is quantitative, namely, in proportion to the area of the as‐prepared film. Moreover, multilayered ultrasmooth red/green/blue QD films are prepared by multiple transfers of liquid onto the same targeted area in sequence. The as‐prepared white QLEDs show a rather high performance with a maximum luminance of 57 190 cd m−2 and a maximum current efficiency of 15.868 cd A−1. It is envisioned that this strategy offers new perspectives for the low‐cost fabrication of high‐performance QLED devices.
Low‐Bandgap Se‐Deficient Antimony Selenide as a Multifunctional Polysulfide Barrier toward High‐Performance Lithium–Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Tian Yuan , Li Gaoran , Zhang Yongguang , Luo Dan , Wang Xin , Zhao Yan , Liu Hui , Ji Puguang , Du Xiaohang , Li Jingde , Chen Zhongwei 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe shuttling behavior and sluggish conversion kinetics of the intermediate lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) represent the main obstructions to the practical application of lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries. Herein, an anion‐deficient design of antimony selenide (Sb2Se3−x) is developed to establish a multifunctional LiPS barrier toward the inhibition of polysulfide shuttling and enhancement of battery performance. The defect chemistry in the as‐developed Sb2Se3−x promotes the intrinsic conductivity, strengthens the chemical affinity to LiPSs, and catalyzes the sulfur electrochemical conversion, which are verified by a series of computational and experimental results. Attributed to these unique superiorities, the obtained LiPS barrier efficiently promotes and stabilizes the sulfur electrochemistry, thus enabling excellent Li–S battery performance, e.g., outstanding cyclability over 500 cycles at 1.0 C with a minimum capacity fading rate of 0.027% per cycle, a superb rate capability up to 8.0 C, and a high areal capacity of 7.46 mAh cm−2 under raised sulfur loading. This work offers a defect engineering strategy toward fast and durable sulfur electrochemistry, holding great promise in developing practically viable Li–S batteries as well as enlightening the material design of related energy storage and conversion systems.
Dual‐Ionically Bound Single‐Site Rhodium on Porous Ionic Polymer Rivals Commercial Methanol Carbonylation Catalysts
Authors: Ren Zhou , Lyu Yuan , Song Xiangen , Liu Yang , Jiang Zheng , Lin Ronghe , Ding Yunjie 
Published: November 2019

AbstractNovel porous polymers can serve as self‐supporting solid carriers and provide abundant coordination or charged sites for single‐site metals, and thus are emerging as advanced functional materials in heterogeneous catalysis for various transformations traditionally catalyzed by homogeneous systems. A brief overview of the development of this heterogenization given, including the recent advances regarding electrovalent bonds by employing charged supports represented by porous ionic polymers (PIPs), which is exemplified herein with a novel single‐site Rh1/PIP catalyst, featuring a new active site [Rh(CO)I3]2− dual‐ionically bound onto a quaternary phosphonium cationic framework polymer, different from the single‐ionically bound [Rh(CO)2I2]− in previous studies. Such a unique metal configuration of Rh1/PIP leads to excellent performance in vapor‐phase methanol carbonylation, outperforming commercial homo‐ and heterogeneous catalysts.
Sensitive Wearable Temperature Sensor with Seamless Monolithic Integration
Authors: Shin Jaeho , Jeong Buseong , Kim Jinmo , Nam Vu Binh , Yoon Yeosang , Jung Jinwook , Hong Sukjoon , Lee Habeom , Eom Hyeonjin , Yeo Junyeob , Choi Joonhwa , Lee Daeho , Ko Seung Hwan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAccurate temperature field measurement provides critical information in many scientific problems. Herein, a new paradigm for highly sensitive, flexible, negative temperature coefficient (NTC) thermistor‐based artificial skin is reported, with the highest temperature sensing ability reported to date among previously reported NTC thermistors. This artificial skin is achieved through the development of a novel monolithic laser‐induced reductive sintering scheme and unique monolithic structures. The unique seamless monolithic structure simultaneously integrates two different components (a metal electrode and metal oxide sensing channel) from the same material at ambient pressure, which cannot be achieved by conventional heterogeneous integration through multiple, complex steps of photolithography or vacuum deposition. In addition to superior performance, electronic skin with high temperature sensitivity can be fabricated on heat‐sensitive polymer substrates due to the low‐temperature requirements of the process. As a proof of concept, temperature‐sensitive artificial skin is tested with conformally attachable physiological temperature sensor arrays in the measurement of the temperatures of exhaled breath for the early detection of pathogenic progression in the respiratory system. The proposed highly sensitive flexible temperature sensor and monolithic selective laser reductive sintering are expected to greatly contribute to the development of essential components in various emerging research fields, including soft robotics and healthcare systems.
An Easily Assembled Electromagnetic‐Triboelectric Hybrid Nanogenerator Driven by Magnetic Coupling for Fluid Energy Harvesting and Self‐Powered Flow Monitoring in a Smart Home/City
Authors: Zhong Yiming , Zhao Haibo , Guo Yuanchao , Rui Pinshu , Shi Shiwei , Zhang Wen , Liao Yanlin , Wang Peihong , Wang Zhong Lin 
Published: November 2019

AbstractHarvesting wind energy and water flow energy from the living environment to efficiently and conveniently power many small electric devices at home is becoming increasingly important for the development of the smart home system. Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are considered to be one of the most effective devices to harness various types of mechanical energy. Here, an easily assembled electromagnetic‐triboelectric hybrid nanogenerator (EANG) driven by magnetic coupling is reported. The introduction of magnetic coupling makes it easy to package, maintain, and assemble a nanogenerator (NG), so its performance is very stable regardless of environmental variations. A sliding freestanding mode TENG and a rotary electromagnetic generator (EMG) are integrated to improve their output and broaden the frequency range of external energy. It is shown that the EANG can be conveniently integrated with a wind cup or water turbine and harvest fluid energy to power small electronic devices, such as a humidity sensor and temperature sensor. Moreover, a NG can be used as a self‐powered flow sensor to monitor the flow rate of outdoor wind and tap water. These results can be used to help solve practical problems regarding energy supplying and sensing in a smart home, smart building, and smart city.