bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Imaging findings of pericoronal myxofibrous hyperplasia: Panoramic radiography and multidetector computed tomography
Authors: Ogura Ichiro , Tanaka Satoshi , Mizutani Masutaka , Okada Yasuo 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAimsThe aim of this study was to investigate the imaging findings of pericoronal myxofibrous hyperplasia (PMH), especially panoramic radiography and multidetector computed tomography (MDCT).Materials and methodsIn all, 13 patients with PMH who underwent panoramic radiography and MDCT were included in this study. For patients with PMH, interpretation with panoramic radiography and MDCT findings were independently analyzed by two oral and maxillofacial radiologists. Any discrepancies of the imaging evaluation were resolved by consensus of the two oral and maxillofacial radiologists.ResultsAlmost all cases with PMH were teenage (n = 11, 84.6%), women (n = 10, 76.9%), and maxilla (n = 9, 69.2%). Of all cases with PMH, the interpretation with panoramic radiography was as dentigerous cyst (n = 4, 30.8%) or unerupted tooth (n = 9, 69.2%). MDCT findings of all cases were expansive process around crown of impacted tooth. MDCT showed well‐defined unilocular lesion and spread of lesion to better advantage than panoramic radiography. Furthermore, the CT values of PMH were 13.9 ± 3.9 HU (range, 8.4‐22.0 HU).ConclusionsThe results of the present study indicate the clinical and imaging features of PMH. We believe that PMH is often misdiagnosed because of the overlap of its histological features with other odontogenic cysts or unerupted tooth.
Shape memory composites composed of polyurethane/ZnO nanoparticles as potential smart biomaterials
Authors: Wang Yujie , Zhang Pei , Zhao Yuchun , Dai Ruixin , Huang Miaoming , Liu Wentao , Liu Hao , He Suqin , Zhu Chengshen 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPolyurethanes are commonly used as shape memory materials due to their micro‐phase separation structure. The degree of micro‐phase separation is the key factor in the shape memory properties of materials. In this study, the shape memory polyurethane (SMPU) elastomer was prepared based on polycaprolactone diols, isophorone diisocyanate, and 1, 4‐butanediol. And the branched structure is introduced by glycerol and hexamethylene diisocyanate to increase the degree of micro‐phase separation. Moreover, nano‐ZnO is also used to enhance micro‐phase separation. Atomic force microscopy images clearly show that the nano‐ZnO disperses uniformly in the polymer matrix and leads to significant change in the phase structure of SMPU. Dynamic mechanical analysis results indicate that the SMPU/ZnO nanocomposites possess two phase transition above 0°C, one is the melting transition of the soft segments, which is near the body temperature, and the other is the glass transition of hard segments. And with the addition of nano‐ZnO, the difference in transition temperature between the hard and the soft segments is significantly increased. The relationship between shape memory properties and the micro‐phase separation is explored and discussed. In vitro biocompatibility studies show that the SMPU/ZnO nanocomposites have good biosafety. Therefore, the obtained bionanocomposites have the potential application prospect as smart biomaterials.
Low‐velocity impact behavior of glass fiber‐MWCNT/polymer laminates exposed to seawater and distilled water aging
Authors: Rubio‐González Carlos , José‐Trujillo Eduardo , Rodríguez‐González Julio A. , Mornas Alexandre , Talha Abderrahim 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe influence of seawater (SW) and distilled water (DW) aging on low‐velocity impact behavior of glass fiber/polymer laminates with and without multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) is experimentally investigated. To this aim, unidirectional glass fiber fabrics were coated with 0.75 wt% MWCNTs by airbrushing, infused with resin (epoxy or vinylester), and cured. Then, composite laminates with and without MWCNTs were cut into specimens for low‐velocity impact testing and exposed to hydrothermal aging by immersing them to SW and DW at 60°C for ~2000 h. After that time of conditioning, dry and wet specimens were tested using a drop‐weight tower with an impact energy of 15 J. Results showed that the moisture absorption content of composite laminates exposed to SW and DW aging is considerably higher on epoxy‐based specimens with respect to vinylester ones. The impact tests revealed that the measured impact peak force and absorbed energy in wet specimens are significantly lower compared to dry specimens due to plasticizing effect of the matrix. With the incorporation of MWCNTs into the laminates, the absorbed energy is increased due to additional damage mechanisms induced at CNT‐rich regions during the impact loading. It was also found that the damage area of the laminates after impact tends to be more prominent for laminates fabricated using vinylester resin than for those using epoxy resin as a result of its brittle behavior during impact loading. Post impact damage analyses by ultrasonic C‐scan imaging and scanning electron microscopy showed that matrix cracking, fiber breakage, fiber/matrix debonding, and delamination are the main damage mechanisms induced in the dry and wet specimens during impact.
The effect of pretreatment for SiH4 gas by microwave plasma on Si film formation behavior by thermal CVD
Authors: Hamanaka Keiichi , Takei Norihisa , Kakiuchi Hiroaki , Yasutake Kiyoshi , Ohmi Hiromasa 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe propose a pretreatment method for monosilane (SiH4) gas by high‐density plasma toward the relatively low‐temperature formation (≤600°C) of a crystalline Si film by thermal chemical vapor deposition (TCVD). SiH4 reaction behaviors with the plasma are investigated by using gas‐phase Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy. The dependence of the Si2H6 formation characteristics on total gas flow rate and input microwave power is examined. Si2H6 gas yields with the plasma treatment for SiH4 gas increased with decreasing input microwave power and increased with increasing total gas flow rate. Si films are prepared by TCVD using the plasma‐treated SiH4 gas. As a result, the pretreatment for SiH4 gas by high‐density plasma affects not only the deposition rate but also the crystallinity of the obtained Si film. The mechanism by which Si film formation is improved by plasma treatment is discussed.
Trophectoderm biopsy for preimplantation genetic test and technical tips: A review
Authors: Aoyama Naoki , Kato Keiichi 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundRecently, the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology initiated a clinical study of preimplantation genetic test for aneuploidy. There will be a great need for a standardized embryo biopsy technique in Japan. However, the gold standard trophectoderm (TE) biopsy procedure has not been established, and this review outlines the clinical use of TE biopsy.MethodsBased on literature, the method and associated techniques for TE biopsy, a dissection method of TE cells from blastocysts, were investigated.Main findingsTwo TE biopsy methods are used, namely assisted hatching (herniating) and non‐assisted hatching (direct suction); however, it is not clear which of these methods is superior. It is critical to understand whether the flicking or pulling method is beneficial.ConclusionNon‐assisted hatching biopsy method may cause blastocyst collapse with a higher probability, and it may extend the biopsy time. The biopsy procedure should be performed within 3 minutes, and thus direct TE suction may have greater disadvantages. It is a fact that pulling method of TE dissection with laser pulse is simple; however, excess laser shots may induce a higher frequency of mosaicism. It is important to understand that each technique of TE biopsy has benefits and disadvantages.
Distributed adaptive integral‐type event‐triggered cooperative output regulation of switched multiagent systems by agent‐dependent switching with dwell time
Authors: Ma Yajing , Zhao Jun 
Published: January 2020

SummaryThis article presents a distributed adaptive integral‐type event‐triggered scheme (ETS) and an agent‐dependent switching strategy with dwell time to solve the cooperative output regulation problem for switched multiagent systems. First, by constructing an adaptive law to dynamically update the time‐varying coupling weights for all the communication links, a fully distributed ETS is designed, where only the local information of the topology is adopted. Based on the integral‐type triggering condition, the interevent interval is substantially enlarged and Zeno behavior is explicitly ruled out. Second, each agent permits all the subsystems to be unstabilizable. The switching signal for each agent is different, and any adjacent switches of each agent satisfy the preset dwell time. Under the designed switching strategy, the solvability of the regulation problem is guaranteed. Finally, the effectiveness of the designed ETS and switching strategy is substantiated by an example.
Nanosilver Mitigates Biofilm Formation via FapC Amyloidosis Inhibition
Authors: Huma Zil‐e , Javed Ibrahim , Zhang Zhenzhen , Bilal Hajira , Sun Yunxiang , Hussain Syed Zajif , Davis Thomas P. , Otzen Daniel E. , Landersdorfer Cornelia B. , Ding Feng , Hussain Irshad , Ke Pu Chun 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMultidrug resistance of bacteria is a major challenge due to the wide‐spread use of antibiotics. While a range of strategies have been developed in recent years, suppression of bacterial activity and virulence via their network of extracellular amyloid has rarely been explored, especially with nanomaterials. Here, silver nanoparticles and nanoclusters (AgNPs and AgNCs) capped with cationic branched polyethylenimine polymer are synthesized, and their antimicrobial potentials are determined at concentrations safe to mammalian cells. Compared with the ultrasmall AgNCs, AgNPs entail stronger binding to suppress the fibrillization of FapC, a major protein constituent of the extracellular amyloid matrix of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Both types of nanoparticles exhibit concentration‐dependent antibiofilm and antimicrobial properties against P. aeruginosa. At concentrations of 1 × 10−6 m or below, both the bactericidal activity of AgNCs and the antibiofilm capacity of AgNPs are associated with their structure‐mediated bio–nano interactions but not ion release. For AgNPs, specifically, their antibiofilm potency correlates with their capacity of FapC fibrillization inhibition, but not with their bactericidal activity. This study demonstrates the antimicrobial potential of safe nanotechnology through the novel route of amyloidosis inhibition.
Microalgal Hydrogen Production
Authors: Wang Yue , Yang Huanling , Zhang Xinna , Han Fei , Tu Wenfeng , Yang Wenqiang 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMicroalgae, as facultative aerobic organisms, convert solar energy to produce biohydrogen under anaerobic condition. Biohydrogen is a kind of ideal clean and renewable energy source with great commercial potential. Many endeavors have been focused on improving the biohydrogen yields by various means. Here, the research history of hydrogen production by microalgae (including cyanobacteria and green algae), the characteristics of nitrogenase and hydrogenase, the mechanisms of hydrogen production, the technological progress, and the application of enzymatic, genetic, and metabolic engineering methods to improve hydrogen production by microalgae are reviewed. In addition, the regulation of anaerobic metabolisms of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii after the disruption of key enzymes functioning in the fermentative pathways is discussed. Finally, the main challenges and obstacles facing the more efficient production and commercialization of hydrogen production from microalgae in the future are proposed.
A Freestanding Flexible Single‐Atom Cobalt‐Based Multifunctional Interlayer toward Reversible and Durable Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Li Yiju , Zhou Peng , Li Hui , Gao Tingting , Zhou Lei , Zhang Yelong , Xiao Ni , Xia Zhonghong , Wang Liang , Zhang Qinghua , Gu Lin , Guo Shaojun 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe development of Li‐S batteries is greatly hindered by the polysulfide shuttling and sluggish sulfur redox kinetics, leading to low utilization of active materials and rapid capacity decay. Herein, a freestanding multifunctional interlayer, prepared by layer‐by‐layer assembling of the single‐atom cobalt‐anchored nitrogen‐doped carbon nanosheets (NC@SA‐Co) and dual network of carbon nanotube‐cellulose nanofiber (CNT‐CNF) hybrid, is proposed to effectively enhance the polysulfide immobilization and sulfur redox kinetics. The conductive CNT network acts as the physical barrier to confine the polysulfide diffusion and to facilitate the reuse of polysulfides. The oxygen‐group‐terminated CNF network allows the hopping of Li+ ion and suppresses the polysulfide crossover due to the strong electrostatic repulsion. Moreover, it is demonstrated that the 2D NC@SA‐Co with numerous well‐defined single sites of Co–N4 can effectively serve as an electrocatalyst to boost the reversible reaction of polysulfides. As a result, the assembled Li‐S batteries with the multifunctional interlayer deliver a high reversible specific capacity of 1160 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C and an ultralow capacity decay of 0.058% per cycle over 700 cycles. Even with a high sulfur loading of 7.2 mg cm−2, a high areal capacity of 8.3 mAh cm−2 can be achieved.
Software fault prediction using particle swarm algorithm with genetic algorithm and support vector machine classifier
Authors: Alsghaier Hiba , Akour Mohammed 
Published: January 2020

SummarySoftware fault prediction is a process of developing modules that are used by developers in order to help them to detect faulty classes or faulty modules in early phases of the development life cycle and to determine the modules that need more refactoring in the maintenance phase. Software reliability means the probability of failure has occurred during a period of time, so when we describe a system as not reliable, it means that it contains many errors, and these errors can be accepted in some systems, but it may lead to crucial problems in critical systems like aircraft, space shuttle, and medical systems. Therefore, locating faulty software modules is an essential step because it helps defining the modules that need more refactoring or more testing. In this article, an approach is developed by integrating genetics algorithm (GA) with support vector machine (SVM) classifier and particle swarm algorithm for software fault prediction as a stand though for better software fault prediction technique. The developed approach is applied into 24 datasets (12‐NASA MDP and 12‐Java open‐source projects), where NASA MDP is considered as a large‐scale dataset and Java open‐source projects are considered as a small‐scale dataset. Results indicate that integrating GA with SVM and particle swarm algorithm improves the performance of the software fault prediction process when it is applied into large‐scale and small‐scale datasets and overcome the limitations in the previous studies.
The role of glass powder in concrete with respect to its engineering performances using two closely different particle sizes
Authors: Patel Dhirendra , Shrivastava Ravikant , Tiwari R. P. , Yadav R. K. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractOne aspect of this paper is to examine the role of glass powder minerals in creating the pozzolanic compounds with usefulness in replacing traditional ordinary Portland cement and effectiveness toward conserving earth resources. Besides this, the study analyzes the effect of two closely mentioned particle size (GP75 and GP63) with 0–20% substitution on the behavior of concrete. To validate the blended system serviceability with control, the results are analyzed with the three‐way data presentation. The properties of specimen at fresh and hardening stages are compiled for 7, 28, and 90 days of curing period. The results of the study with respect to control and blended mixes describe that workability is not varied significantly up to 20% inclusion and the pozzolanic activity of GP63 is higher than that of the GP75, as the SAI value observed is 87–117% and 81–108%, respectively. In terms of strength, it is the bunch of compressive, split tensile, and flexural strength behavior demonstrating that up to 20% substitution level the gain in strength is progressive. The static and dynamic modulus of blended mix shows no significant difference at 28 days with control concrete. Moreover, the combination of scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X‐ray micrography, and nondestructive mode of testing also features the accountability in this respect.
Seismic retrofit design and risk assessment of an irregular thermal power plant building
Authors: Wang Jianze , Dai Kaoshan , Li Bowei , Li Bo , Liu Yang , Mei Zhu , Yin Yexian , Li Jiahong 
Published: January 2020

SummaryElectric power system is one of essential lifeline systems for an urban community. An actual power plant building with typical coal‐fired power generation process is selected to be studied in this paper. The detrimental impacts on the seismic performance of the structural system induced by heavy coal bunkers and irregular bracing configurations are expected to be mitigated by using retrofit strategies. A total of three retrofit design schemes that employ the isolation and supplemental damping techniques are developed. The original design scheme of the actual thermal power plant building that adopts steel special concentrically braced frame as lateral‐force resisting system is used as benchmark for comparison purposes. Nonlinear response‐history analyses are performed, and the obtained seismic responses are compared. To better quantify the benefit of the considered retrofit strategies, seismic risk in terms of probabilities of exceeding designated damage states as well as the downtime are analyzed. For the studied thermal power plant building, the results show that the added damping system is more effective in seismic risk reduction than the isolation for heavy coal bunkers. Compared to the original structural system design, the use of supplemental damping system cut the downtime of the thermal power plant building at most 42%.
Revisiting the typification of Bocconia frutescens (Papaveraceae)
Authors: Galán‐de‐Mera Antonio , Linares‐Perea Eliana , Vicente‐Orellana José A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe current lectotype of Bocconia frutescens at LINN is shown not to comprise original material and must be overturned. We select an illustration by Sloane based on a specimen at BM, as lectotype.
O‐MedAL: Online active deep learning for medical image analysis
Authors: Smailagic Asim , Costa Pedro , Gaudio Alex , Khandelwal Kartik , Mirshekari Mostafa , Fagert Jonathon , Walawalkar Devesh , Xu Susu , Galdran Adrian , Zhang Pei , Campilho Aurélio , Noh Hae Young 
Published: January 2020

AbstractActive learning (AL) methods create an optimized labeled training set from unlabeled data. We introduce a novel online active deep learning method for medical image analysis. We extend our MedAL AL framework to present new results in this paper. A novel sampling method queries the unlabeled examples that maximize the average distance to all training set examples. Our online method enhances performance of its underlying baseline deep network. These novelties contribute to significant performance improvements, including improving the model's underlying deep network accuracy by 6.30%, using only 25% of the labeled dataset to achieve baseline accuracy, reducing backpropagated images during training by as much as 67%, and demonstrating robustness to class imbalance in binary and multiclass tasks.This article is categorized under:Technologies > Machine LearningTechnologies > ClassificationApplication Areas > Health Care
Metabolic Syndrome and Cardiovascular Disease Impacts on the Pathophysiology and Phenotype of HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders
Authors: Moulignier Antoine , Costagliola Dominique 
Published: January 2020

AbstractEvidence from epidemiological studies on the general population suggests that midlife cardiovascular disease (CVD) and/or metabolic syndrome (MetS) are associated with an increased risk of cognitive impairment and dementia later in life. In the modern combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) era, as in the general population, CVD and MetS were strongly and independently associated with poorer cognitive performances of sustained immunovirologically controlled persons living with human immunodeficiency viruses (PLHIVs). Those findings suggest that CV/metabolic comorbidities could be implicated in the pathogenesis of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) and might be more important than factors related to HIV infection or its treatment, markers of immunocompetence, or virus replication. The association between CVD/MetS and cognition decline is driven by still not well-understood mechanisms, but risk might well be the consequence of increased brain inflammation and vascular changes, notably cerebral small-vessel disease. In this review, we highlight the correspondences observed between the findings concerning CVD and MetS in the general population and virus-suppressed cART-treated PLHIVs to evaluate the real brain-aging processes. Indeed, incomplete HIV control mainly reflects HIV-induced brain damage described during the first decades of the pandemic. Given the growing support that CVD and MetS are associated with HAND, it is crucial to improve early detection and assure appropriate management of these conditions.
Deposit-scale structural architecture of the Sigma-Lamaque gold deposit, Canada—insights from a newly proposed 3D method for assessing structural controls from drill hole data
Authors: Cowan E. J. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDeposit-scale structural analysisis a practical method of structurally analyzing 3D drilling data. This interpretation method uses readily available distributed 3D data at the most relevant scale for mining and exploration. This method does not depend on collecting traditional structural data from core, such as orientation of planar and linear data, but relies on the premise that grade distributions sampled from drilling provide insight into the structural control of the deposit, with the interpretation of structural geometry done using a computer 3D viewer. This method is applied to the well-studied Archean Sigma-Lamaque gold deposit, which features late-orogenic vein mineralization, and which is controlled by three orders of structural features. The first-order control is the easterly plunging pipe-like conduit parallel to F2fold plunge defined by the intersection of bedding (S0) and foliation (S2) (~ 1.5 km radius × 3 km down-plunge). The second-order controls, nested within the first-order, are the younger subvertical Late Diorite plugs that intruded vertically into the host rocks along the established S2foliation anisotropy (1250:400:150 m dimension for Main Plug). The third-order control, laterally limited by first- and second-order structural controls, is the well-documented gold-bearing vein sets (1–10 m thick and up to 1.5 km in extent) that developed in the Late Diorites and in the older folded volcanogenic stratigraphy and diorites. It is proposed that the first-order control defined by the moderately plunging F2fold is the main fluid pathway resulting from structural permeability formed during earlier folding. The second-order Late Diorite plugs and other competent lithological units, which intersected and fractured during late-stage D2compression, served as chemically reactive sites causing gold to precipitate along this first-order pathway. It is predicted that intrusions that do not intersect the first-order structural conduits are less likely to be mineralized. Greenfield orogenic-gold exploration requires that the first-order controls are identified, and the geometry of hydrothermal alteration is best understood in the context of the structural architecture of the host rocks.