bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimal Initial Cell Density that Yields the Highest Number of Primary Synovial Mesenchymal Stem Cells in a Clinical Setting
Authors: Horiuchi Kiyotaka , Mizuno Mitsuru , Katano Hisako , Endo Kentaro , Ozeki Nobutale , Tsuji Kunikazu , Koga Hideyuki , Sekiya Ichiro 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Synovial mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation improved clinical outcomes in knees with cartilage defects and after repairs of degenerative torn menisci. For these, nucleated cells were cultured with 10% autologous serum for 14 days. Importantly, nucleated cell number and serum volume practically varied by patient, and initial cell density and dish number affected yield/donor. Our purpose was to examine the effect of plating density within range in clinical studies on fold increase and to estimate the MSC yield/donor, which are affected by the nucleated cell number and serum volume.Methods We obtained the data of the autologous serum volume, nucleated cell number, and initial plating cell density from 10 patients who participated in our previous clinical studies. Experimentally, synovial nucleated cells harvested from three patients with osteoarthritis during total knee arthroplasty were cultured with 10% mixed allogenic human serum for 14 days to examine the effect of initial cell density on fold increase. We used both our previous clinical data and our current experimental data to predict the yields of synovial MSCs in nine cases within the range of clinical studies.Results In the clinical studies, collected serum ranged between 87 and 186 ml, harvested nucleated cells ranged between 6.2 and 23 million, and the top five total MSC yields were obtained from donors when the initial plating cell density ranged from 919 to 1905 cells/cm2. Experimentally, fold increase significantly decreased between 700 and 1,900 cells/cm2. In cases where the cell number was low and the serum volume was high, the estimated yield/donor decreased along with the initial density, while in cases where the cell number was high and the serum volume was low, the estimated yield/donor increased along with the initial density. In cases both where some nucleated cells were discarded at low density and no cells were discarded at high density, the maximum yield/donor were obtained when the initial density was the lowest density that does not discard cells.Conclusions There was an optimal initial density that yields the highest number of primary MSCs in a clinical setting when cell numbers and human serum volumes are limited.
The Limbo Atmosphere in operating room settings Caused by Disruptive Behaviors: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Mirzaei Sahar , Pazokian Marzieh , Atashzadeh-Shoorideh Foroozan , Pishgooie Seyed Amir Hosein 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Operating room nurses are one of the groups frequently expose to Disruptive Behaviors in different situations in the operating rooms that have different impacts on them and their performance. Recognition of DBs and their effects can help to offer strategies for better management of these behaviors. This study aimed to explore the experiences of Iranian operating room nurses regarding Disruptive Behaviors in operating room settings.Methods This is a descriptive qualitative study conducted in university hospitals in Tehran. The data were collected by deep semi-structured interviews with a total number of 17 operating room nurses selected purposefully. Finally, the data were analyzed with the conventional content analysis approach.Results Five categories were extracted from the study, including "activity in a poisonous atmosphere", "role subtraction", "escape to a safe margin", "adaptation to stay calm", and "Indirect confrontation". Finally, a theme was "struggle in a limbo Atmosphere caused by Disruptive Behaviors".Conclusion Under great pressure of surgeon’s Disruptive Behaviors, operating room nurses were struggling to maintain their balance and performance at possible. Considering the effect of Disruptive Behavior, it seems necessary to take training measures for improving team-working in operation room settings. Besides, monitoring and follow-up such behaviors according to negative effects is necessary.
Silencing Circ_0058063 Enhances Proliferation and Inhibits Apoptosis in PCOS Ovarian Granulosa Cells
Authors: Wen Chengcai , Zhang Li 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disease in reproductive-aged women. This study was designed to explore the role of circ_0058063 in PCOS. Methods We recruited 25 PCOS patients and 25 no-PCOS patients. The concentrations of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), testosterone (T), luteinizing hormone (LH), progesterone (P4) and estradiol (E2) were measured by radioimmunoassay. The level of aromatase was detected using an ELISA kit. The proliferation and apoptosis of ovarian granulosa cells were assessed using CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Gene and protein expression were evaluated through RT-qPCR and Western blotting assay. Results The circ_0058063 level in ovarian granulosa cells and follicular fluid is significantly higher in the PCOS group than the no-PCOS group. Besides, silencing circ_0058063 increases the levels of Aromatase mRNA, P4 and E2 in PCOS ovarian granulosa cells. Additionally, silencing circ_0058063 can promote the proliferation of ovarian granulosa cells in patients with PCOS. Furthermore, silencing circ_0058063 can suppress apoptosis of PCOS ovarian granulosa cells.Conclusions Silencing circ_0058063 enhances proliferation and inhibits apoptosis in PCOS ovarian granulosa cells. Such findings may offer vital insights into a therapeutic target for PCOS.
The Effect of Pre-Trauma Alcohol Use on Post-Traumatic Quality of Life in Severely Injured Trauma Patients
Authors: Riuttanen Antti Ilmari , Jokihaara Jarkko , Huttunen Tuomas T. , Mattila Ville M. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background From one third up to half of all injured patients admitted to emergency rooms have a positive blood alcohol level (BAL). Frequent alcohol use also has negative effects on a person’s quality of life. Even though alcohol use among injury patients is common, the effects of pre-injury alcohol use on Health-Related Quality of Life (HR-QoL) have not previously been studied. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate whether pre-injury alcohol use has an influence on an injured patient’s HR-QoL and reported problems. A secondary objective was to compare injured patient’s HR-QoL with the population norm of Finland. Methods Retrospective analysis of all trauma patients treated at Tampere University Hospital’s (TAUH) Intensive Care Unit (ICU) or High Dependence Unit (HDU) in 2013. The following inclusion criteria were used: patient treated at TAUH’s ICU or HDU, age ≥ 18 years, NISS ≥ 16 and possesses a valid Finnish personal identification number to enable comprehensive follow-up. From a total of 373 patients, 227 patients met the inclusion criteria. HR-QoL was assessed with the EQ-5D questionnaire during the patients’ stay in the ICU/HDU and one year after the injury. The EQ-5D index value was further compared with the index values of the age-matched population norms of Finland. Results Thirty-four percent (77/227) of all patients tested positive for alcohol at the time of the injury with a mean blood alcohol content (BAC) of 1.9 g/L. Twenty-nine patients (N= 29/227) died within 1 year of injury, and therefore 198 patients were contacted for post-injury EQ-5D questionnaires. Complete data sets with both pre- and post-injury EQ-5D questionnaires were available for 111 (56%) patients. Patients with positive BAL expressed notably more anxiety and depression (45%) before trauma compared to both patients with negative BAL (11%) and the reference population of Finland (14%). Overall, pre-injury HR-QoL was also poorer in BAL positive patients than BAL negative patients. The amount of anxiety and depression in BAL positive patients decreased after injury. In both groups, the relative number of reported problems after injury exceeded the relative number of reported problems of the reference population of Finland in all five EQ-5D dimensions. Conclusions Patients with positive BAL upon admission report overall lower HR-QoL than patients with negative BAL. This finding is most likely explained by the excessive amount of anxiety and depression, which had decreased one year after injury. We speculate that this may partly be explained by a possible reduction in alcohol use, which has been reported to happen in injury patients. As has previously been reported, the impact of severe injury on post-injury QoL in general is detrimental and long-lasting and overall HR-QoL remains lower than the population norm.
Machinability Investigation in Dry Turning of Ti–6al–4v With a Novel Tib2-based Cermet Tool Using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Yuan Yikun , Ji Wenbin , Dai Shijie , Zhang Huibo 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
To ensure accuracy and improve the processing efficiency of Ti–6Al–4V alloys, dry turning experiment of Ti–6Al–4V was carried out using a novel TiB2-based cermet tool. The tool was reinforced by nanoscale VC additive and exhibited excellent hardness and fracture toughness.Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was used in the experiment to verify andevaluatethe cutting performance ofTiB2-based cermet tool.The cutting forces and machined surface roughness (Ra) were selected as the optimization objective. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to find out the effective machining parameters on response factorsand demonstrate correctness of the models. It was found that theeffective factor on surface roughness was feed rate, while cutting depth significantly affected cutting forces.And the confirmation experiments showedthat the predicted values were in good agreement with experimental values. Based on the optimized cutting parameters, the tool life was measured and tool wear mechanismwasinvestigated. When the vc, apandfwere 100 mm/min, 0.16 mm, 0.1 mm/rev respectively for Ra optimization, the cutting length and tool lifecould reach to 3233 m and 29.4 min, respectively, due to the excellentwear resistance and stability of TiB2-based cermet tool at high cutting temperature. In this case, the main wear mechanism was adhesive wear and diffusion wear.
Carbon Nanotubes Agglomeration Effects on Buckling Behavior of Multi-phases Sandwich Laminated Cylindrical Shells
Authors: Soleymani Mahdi , Ghasemi Ahmad Reza 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The main contribution of present study is carbon nanotubes (CNTs) agglomeration effects on the buckling behavior of multi-phases CNT/ fiber/ polymer/ metal composite laminates cylindrical shells under hydrostatic pressure. Governing equations are derived according to the Kirchhoff-Love’s first approximation shell theory and solved by a method composed of Galerkin method and Fourier series expansion. Equivalent elastic properties of multi-phases CNTs/ fiber/ polymer/ metal laminated (CNTFPML) cylindrical shell are obtained using Eshelby-Mori-Tanaka approach, considering agglomeration effects. Actually at the first, CNTs have been added to polymer matrix. After that, this new matrix has been reinforced by carbon or glass fibers. Finally, the composite layer has been joined with metal layers.The accuracy of applied method is validated with finite element method and an experimental test on carbon/epoxy and glass/epoxy composite cylinder under hydrostatic pressure, considering two methods of test.The results indicate that the CNT’s agglomeration, mass and volume fraction of CNTs and type of fibers play important roles on buckling resistance of multi-phases composite cylindrical shells.
Sex-specific Relationships Between Il-3, Il-7 and Lipids in African Americans
Authors: Williams Ariel , Wooten Catherine , Melendez Quantil , Greene Natasha , Lopez Dayami , Williams-DeVane Clarlynda , Kimbro Kevin Sean 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Purpose: Obesity, a complex chronic disorder characterized by the enlargement of adipose tissue, has a multifactorial etiology. Adipose tissue is now recognized as an active tissue in the regulation of inflammation. Sex chromosome genes and hormones influences immune responses between males and females. Inflammation is rampant in obesity due to the expansion of visceral adipose tissue leading to insulin resistance resulting in type-2 diabetes (T2D). Differences in sex may lead to varied immune responses to T2D.Methods: A total of 116 serum samples were collected from African Americans: 68 women and 48 men. All participants had a BMI > 30. This group consists of 49 normal HbA1c and 71 high HbA1c participants. This study was designed to determine the impact of current circulating glucose on current serum IL-3 and IL-7 levels.Results:Serum cytokine levels are influenced by circulating high glucose and it varies based on sex. We found in women, IL-3 and IL-7 levels were upregulated 1.7-fold in the presence of high circulating glucose. In men, IL-3 levels were downregulated 1.5-fold and IL-7 levels downregulated 1.3-fold in the presence of high circulating glucose. IL-3 and IL-7 serum levels are also correlated with several lipid parameters.Conclusion: IL-3 and IL-7 are members of a complex network of cytokines that play a role in chronic inflammation. Inflammatory signaling impact several diseases including obesity, T2D, atherosclerosis and dyslipidemia. A better understanding of the pathological signaling of cytokines will help facilitate our understanding of inflammation in these diseases.
Moderately Hypofractionated Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy with Simultaneous Integrated Boost for Prostate Cancer: Five-Year Toxicity Results from a Prospective Phase I/II Trial
Authors: Ricco Anthony , Mukhopadhyay Nitai , Deng Xiaoyan , Holdford Diane , Skinner Vicki , Saraiya Siddharth , Moghanaki Drew , Anscher Mitchell , Chang Michael 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background

In this phase I/II trial, five-year physician-assessed toxicity and patient reported quality of life data is reported for patients undergoing moderately hypofractionated intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) for prostate cancer using a simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) and pelvic lymph node (LN) coverage.

Materials and Methods

Patients with T1-T2 localized prostate cancer were prospectively enrolled, receiving risk group based coverage of prostate +/- seminal vesicles (SVs) +/- pelvic lymph nodes (LNs). Low risk (LR) received 69.6 Gy/29 fractions to the prostate, while intermediate risk (IR) and high risk (HR) patients received 72Gy/30fx to the prostate and 54Gy/30fx to the SVs. If predicted risk of LN involvement > 15%, 50.4Gy/30fx was delivered to pelvic LNs. Androgen deprivation therapy was given to IR and HR patients.

Results

There were 55 patients enrolled and 49 patients evaluable at a median follow up of 60 months. Included were 11 (20%) LR, 23 (41.8%) IR, and 21 (38.2%) HR patients. Pelvic LN treatment was given in 25 patients (51%). Prevalence rates of late grade 2 GI toxicity at 1, 3, and 5 years was 5.8%, 3.9%, and 5.8% respectively, with no grade 3 events. Prevalence rates of late grade 2 GU toxicity at 1, 3, and 5 years rates were 15.4%, 7.7%, and 13.5% respectively, with three grade 3 events (5.8%). The biochemical relapse free survival at 5 years was 88.3%. There were no local, regional, or distant failures, with all patients still alive at last follow up.

Conclusions

Moderate hypofractionation of localized prostate cancer utilizing a SIB technique and LN coverage produces tolerable acute/late toxicity. Given equivalent efficacy between moderate hypofractionation schedules, the optimal regimen will be determined by long-term toxicity reported from both the physician and patient perspective.
Logarithmic Quadratic Regression Model for Early Periods of COVID-19 Epidemic Count Data
Authors: Tominaga Daisuke 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background While COVID-19 epidemic has been spreading worldwide, its characteristics are still unclear. The development of good mathematical models for predicting its prevalence and subsiding is strongly expected. The epidemic curve shows how the epidemic increases and subsides. This is the number of persons found infected daily. To express this with a mathematical model, the compartment model such as the SIR model is used generally. However, model parameter values of these ordinary differential equation based models are very sensitive for errors of observed data, and it is often difficult to find a reliable model especially when the amount of data is not sufficient. On the other hand, a regression model with a small number of parameters is more robust against data errors than a highly sensitive nonlinear differential equation model, though, it is not clear what a good regression model is for epidemic data. MethodsWe modeled the initial emerging period of the epidemic curve of COVID-19 in Tokyo with a model that introduces a quadratic polynomial function to the logarithms of the numbers of infected cases, and modeled it with other regression models including the generalized linear model to compare. Results It was shown that the statistical properties of the logarithmic quadratic function model were good even in the early stages of the epidemic, which is generally said to increase exponentially and monotonically. By applying the logarithmic quadratic function model to the data of the number of cases in each country of the world, the starting and the subsiding dates of the epidemic and the total number of cases in each country were estimated. Conclusions Although an epidemic curve in an early period said generally to be exponential, namely linear in the logarithmic space, a quadratic curve regression fits better than the linear and the generalized linear model. These estimates can be informative to reveal the transition mechanism from pre-epidemic to epidemic, and to pandemic.
The Impact of Nutritional Therapy on Resting Energy Expenditure in Malnourished Older Hospitalized Patients
Authors: Pourhassan Maryam , Daubert Diana , Wirth Rainer 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background and aims: Little is known about the effect of nutritional therapy on resting energy expenditure (REE) in malnourished older hospitalized patients. We sought to evaluate longitudinal changes in REE during nutritional therapy and to examine the different factors associated with changes in REE among these patients.Methods Twenty-three malnourished older patients (age range 67–93, 65% women) participated in this prospective longitudinal observational study. Malnutrition was defined as Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form (MNA-SF) < 8. REE was measured by using indirect calorimetry on hospital admission and at discharge. Body composition (i.e. fat free mass (FFM)) was assessed by bioelectrical impedance analysis. The Parker mobility score was performed to evaluate the patient's mobility. Nutritional support (i.e. high protein and/or high calorie oral nutritional supplements) was provided to all malnourished patients during hospitalization.Results All patients were malnourished with a median MNA-SF score of 6. The median time between two REE measurements was 13 days (interquartile range: 11–15). On admission, REE was significantly lower in patients with lower FFM (P = 0.043) and decreased along with the degree of malnutrition (P = 0.008). REE (+ 212.6 kcal, P = 0.010) and REE/FFM (+ 5.6 kcal/kg, P = 0.021) increased significantly during hospitalization. In a multiple regression analysis, age, gender and BMI followed by MNA-SF score and mobility were the major independent risk factors of changes in REE.Conclusion Low REE in malnourished older patients increased to normal after 2 weeks of nutritional treatment.
Prediction for the Negative Conversion Probability of Nucleic Acid Testing in Patients with Nonsevere COVID-19 Pneumonia: A Model Based on Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Zhang Facai , Hu Huan , Wang Xiaoming , Li Xiaodan , Yang Yang , Li Li , Han Ping , Li Long 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: We aimed to screen clinical independent predictive factors for negative conversion of nucleic acid testing and established a predictive nomogram, so as to relieve patients' anxiety and reduce unnecessary repeated nucleic acid testing.Methods: All 70 consecutive patients with nonsevere COVID-19 pneumonia were admitted to the Fangcang shelter hospital in Wuhan from February 12th to March 8th, 2020. We used univariate Kaplan-Meier analysis and univariate and multivariate Cox regression to identify independent predictive factors and refit the predictive model. Area under ROC (AUR), Brier scores and calibration plots were used to assess the performance.Results: diabetes mellitus, gender and lymphocyte were deemed independent predictive factors and were incorporated into a Cox proportional hazards model. The AUR and Brier scores of the predictive model at 14 days were 0.694 [0.472; 0.890] and 0.163 [0.109; 0.219] in the internal validation set, respectively. Similarly, the AUR and Brier scores at 21 days were 0.779 [0.505; 0.957] and 0.105 [0.042; 0.175] in the internal validation set.Conclusions: By using the predictive nomogram, the clinicians could inform patients with nonsevere COVID-19 regarding a certain time to possible negative conversion, which would relieve the patients’ anxiety and reduce repeated testing.
Is It Possible to Predict the Atherosclerosis in Aorta by the Patients Lipids Panel?
Authors: Yesıltas Mehmet Ali , HABERAL İsmail , KOYUNCU Ahmet Ozan , BATUR Şebnem , ÖZSOY Sadiye Deniz , AK Hülya YILMAZ , OZ Ayşim Büge 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background and Aim: Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory event that characterized by stiffness and thickening of the vascular walls. In our daily practice, we assume the atherosclerotic potential of the patient by following the total cholesterol, HDL, LDL and triglyceride levels (Lipids panel). We aimed to understand the relation between the HDL, LDL, cholesterol levels and the atherosclerosis in large vascular structures such as ascending aorta.Methods: We have searched for atherosclerosis in the aortic tissue samples with 48 patients. It is a study in which we examine the correlation of preoperative cholesterol values (HDL, LDL, triglyceride, total cholesterol) by dividing the patients into two groups according to the presence of plaque.Results: 43 males (89.6%), and 5 females (10.4%) patients between 39 and 81 years of age were included in the study. There was no statistically significant difference between the patients' preoperative cardiovascular risk assessments. The free T3 values were within the normal range with of all patients, however there was a difference that patients in the non-atherosclerosis group have lower values. There was no statistically significant difference between two groups' HDL, LDL, total cholesterol, triglyceride parameters.Conclusion: As a result, in our study, no significant difference was found between HDL-C, LDL-C, triglyceride, total cholesterol values and the pathological process of aortic atherosclerosis. As a result of this study, we believe that it was necessary to correct the error margins of these parameters. In addition, it required the need for a clearer laboratory parameter to demonstrate atherosclerosis.