bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Finite transformation rigid motion mesh morpher; A grid deformation approach
Authors: Liatsikouras Athanasios G. , Fougeron Gabriel , Eleftheriou George S. , Pierrot Guillaume 
Published: September 2020

SummaryIn any shape optimization framework and specifically in the context of computational fluid dynamics, a robust and reliable grid deformation tool is necessary to undertake the adaptation of the computational mesh to the updated boundaries at each optimization cycle. Grid deformation has its share of challenges, namely, to maintain high mesh quality (avoid distorted elements and tangles) even when dealing with extreme deformations. In this work a novel grid deformation algorithm, the finite transformation rigid motion mesh morpher (FT‐R3M) is proposed. FT‐R3M is essentially a mesh‐free grid deformation approach, since it does not require any inertial quantities and it gracefully propagates the movement of the boundaries (surface mesh) to the internal nodes of the mesh (volume mesh), by keeping the motion of its parts (referred to as stencils) as‐rigid‐as‐possible. It is an optimization‐based method, which means that the interior nodes of the computational mesh are displaced to minimize a distortion metric related to the elastic deformation energy, by favoring rigidity in critical directions, thus being able to handle mesh anisotropies very efficiently. Results are presented for three test cases; a rotated airfoil with a mesh appropriate for viscous flow; a simulation of a low Reynolds duct case; a beam.
Effect of xylo‐oligosaccharides (XOS) addition on technological and sensory attributes of cookies
Authors: Juhász Réka , Penksza Péter , Sipos László 
Published: September 2020

AbstractXylo‐oligosaccharides (XOS) are nondigestible oligosaccharides (NDO) which are recently authorized as novel food ingredients in European Union. Present study introduces the effect of XOS on baking quality of cookies. Color measurements proved that XOS enhance the caramelization during baking. Texture profile, geometry, and baking loss of cookies showed little changes due to XOS addition indicating that XOS are easy to incorporate into baking products. Based on sensory evaluation by expert panel, it was observed that XOS increased the “baked character” of the cookies as indicated by the increased caramel flavor, darker color, and crispier texture. XOS addition also increased the sweet taste and global taste intensity of cookies suggesting that in bakery products XOS evolve a flavor enhancer role. XOS proved to be a promising new alternative to increase dietary fiber content of cereal‐based cookies.
Compound Fu brick tea modifies the intestinal microbiome composition in high‐fat diet‐induced obesity mice
Authors: Zhou Caibi , Zhou Xiaolu , Wen Zhirui , Liu Liming , Yang Zaibo , Yang Lu , Li Ping , Guo Xiying , Mei Xin 
Published: September 2020

AbstractCompound Fu Brick Tea (CFBT), which is from Duyun city in China, is a traditional Chinese dark tea, Fu Brick Tea, mixed with six herbal medicine. It is consumed by local people for reducing weight, but the mechanism is not clear. The disorder of intestinal microbiome caused by long‐term high‐fat diet (HFD) is one of the inducements of obesity and related metabolic syndrome. In this study, mice were fed with HFD to establish a high‐fat model. Fifty mice were randomly divided into six groups: normal control (CK), HFD model control (NK), positive control with medicine (YK), CFBT groups with low, middle, and high dose (FL, FM, FH). The V3‐V4 DNA region of fecal microbiome from mouse intestine was sequenced. The results showed that the diversity of intestinal microflora was highest in CK and lowest in NK. Compared with CK, the dominant bacterium Firmicutes was increased and Bacteroidetes decreased at phylum level in NK. Compared with NK, the abundance of microbiome in CFBT groups was significantly higher and the composition was changed: Muribaculaceae, Bacteroidaceae, and Prevotellaceae increased and Lachnospiraceae decreased in CFBT groups at family level, while at the genus level, Bacteroides increased and Lactobacillus decreased. These results conclude that CFBT can increase the abundance of intestinal microbiome in mice, promote the growth of beneficial bacteria and reduce the number of pathogenic bacteria, and restore the imbalance of intestinal microbiome caused by poor diet.
Depth relationships and measures of tissue thickness in dorsal midbrain
Authors: Truong Paulina , Kim Jung Hwan , Savjani Ricky , Sitek Kevin R. , Hagberg Gisela E. , Scheffler Klaus , Ress David 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDorsal human midbrain contains two nuclei with clear laminar organization, the superior and inferior colliculi. These nuclei extend in depth between the superficial dorsal surface of midbrain and a deep midbrain nucleus, the periaqueductal gray matter (PAG). The PAG, in turn, surrounds the cerebral aqueduct (CA). This study examined the use of two depth metrics to characterize depth and thickness relationships within dorsal midbrain using the superficial surface of midbrain and CA as references. The first utilized nearest‐neighbor Euclidean distance from one reference surface, while the second used a level‐set approach that combines signed distances from both reference surfaces. Both depth methods provided similar functional depth profiles generated by saccadic eye movements in a functional MRI task, confirming their efficacy for delineating depth for superficial functional activity. Next, the boundaries of the PAG were estimated using Euclidean distance together with elliptical fitting, indicating that the PAG can be readily characterized by a smooth surface surrounding PAG. Finally, we used the level‐set approach to measure tissue depth between the superficial surface and the PAG, thus characterizing the variable thickness of the colliculi. Overall, this study demonstrates depth‐mapping schemes for human midbrain that enables accurate segmentation of the PAG and consistent depth and thickness estimates of the superior and inferior colliculi.
Response to Terlipressin and Albumin Is Associated With Improved Liver Transplant Outcomes in Patients With Hepatorenal Syndrome
Authors: Piano Salvatore , Gambino Carmine , Vettore Elia , Calvino Valeria , Tonon Marta , Boccagni Patrizia , Gringeri Enrico , Germani Giacomo , Burra Patrizia , Cillo Umberto , Angeli Paolo 
Published: September 2020

Background and Aims
Although terlipressin and albumin are effective at treating acute kidney injury‐hepatorenal syndrome (AKI‐HRS), liver transplantation (LT) is the best treatment. However, it is unclear if an effective treatment with terlipressin and albumin improves post‐LT outcomes in these patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of response to treatment with terlipressin and albumin on posttransplant outcomes in patients with AKI‐HRS.

Approach and Results
We analyzed two cohorts of patients with cirrhosis listed for LT between 2012 and 2016: 82 patients who developed AKI‐HRS before LT and were treated with terlipressin and albumin and 259 patients without AKI‐HRS who received transplants during the study period (control group). After LT, patients were followed up until discharge, every month for the first 3 months, and every 3 months thereafter. Of the patients, 43 (52%) responded to terlipressin and albumin. Responders had a better 30‐day transplant‐free survival (60% vs. 33%, P = 0.006), longer LT waiting list time (37 vs. 17 days, P = 0.041), and lower Model for End‐Stage Liver Disease score at the time of LT (23 vs. 29, P = 0.007). Among patients with AKI‐HRS receiving transplant, nonresponders required renal replacement therapy (RRT) more frequently than responders (20% vs. 0%, P = 0.024). Nonresponders had a significantly higher incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) at 1 year after LT than responders (65% vs. 31%, P = 0.019). In multivariate analysis, nonresponse to terlipressin and albumin was found to be an independent predictor for CKD at 1 year after LT (subdistribution hazard ratio [SHR] = 2.76, P = 0.001), whereas responders did not have an increased risk (SHR = 1.53, P = 0.210).

Conclusions
In patients with AKI‐HRS, response to terlipressin and albumin reduces the need for RRT after LT and reduces the risk of CKD at 1 year after LT.
Selective neuromodulation and mutual inhibition within the CA3–CA2 system can prioritize sequences for replay
Authors: Stöber Tristan M. , Lehr Andrew B. , Hafting Torkel , Kumar Arvind , Fyhn Marianne 
Published: September 2020

AbstractTo make optimal use of previous experiences, important neural activity sequences must be prioritized during hippocampal replay. Integrating insights about the interplay between CA3 and CA2, we propose a conceptual framework that allows the two regions to control which sequences are reactivated. We suggest that neuromodulatory‐gated plasticity and mutual inhibition enable discrete assembly sequences in both regions to support each other while suppressing competing sequences. This perspective provides a coherent interpretation for a variety of seemingly disconnected functional properties of CA2 and paves the way for a more general understanding of CA2.
Using InSAR to identify hydrological connectivity and barriers in a highly fragmented wetland
Authors: Liu Dan , Wang Xuan , Aminjafari Saeid , Yang Wei , Cui Baoshan , Yan Shengjun , Zhang Yunlong , Zhu Jie , Jaramillo Fernando 
Published: September 2020

AbstractHydrological connectivity is a critical determinant of wetland functions and health, especially in wetlands that have been heavily fragmented and regulated by human activities. However, investigating hydrological connectivity in these wetlands is challenging due to the costs of high‐resolution and large‐scale monitoring required in order to identify hydrological barriers within the wetlands. To overcome this challenge, we here propose an interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR)‐based methodology to map hydrologic connectivity and identify hydrological barriers in fragmented wetlands. This methodology was applied along 70 transects across the Baiyangdian, the largest freshwater wetland in northern China, using Sentinel 1A and 1B data, covering the period 2016–2019. We generated 58 interferograms providing information on relative water level changes across the transects that showed the high coherence needed for the assessment of hydrological connectivity. We mapped the permanent and conditional (temporary) barriers affecting connectivity. In total, 11% of all transects are permanently disconnected by hydrological barriers across all interferograms and 58% of the transects are conditionally disconnected. Areas covered by reed grasslands show the most undisturbed hydrological connectivity while some of these barriers are the result of ditches and channels within the wetland and low water levels during different periods of the year. This study highlights the potential of the application of Wetland InSAR to determine hydrological connectivity and location of hydrological barriers in highly fragmented wetlands, and facilitates the study of hydrological processes from large spatial scales and long‐time scales using remote sensing technique.
Flow‐ecology modelling to inform reservoir releases for riparian restoration and management
Authors: Hickey John T. , Shafroth Patrick B. , Fields Woodrow L. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractLinked hydrologic, hydraulic, and ecological models can facilitate planning and implementing water releases from reservoirs to achieve ecological objectives along rivers. We applied a flow‐ecology model, the Ecosystem Functions Model (HEC‐EFM), to the Bill Williams River in southwestern USA to estimate areas suitable for recruitment of riparian tree seedlings in the context of managing flow releases from a large dam for riparian restoration. Ecological variables in the model included timing of seed dispersal, tolerable rates of flow recession, and tolerable duration of inundation following germination and early seedling establishment for native Fremont cottonwood and Goodding's willow, and non‐native tamarisk. Hydrological variables included peak flow timing, rate of flow recession following the peak, and duration of inundation. A one‐dimensional hydraulic model was applied to estimate stage‐discharge relationships along ~58 river kilometres. We then used HEC‐EFM to apply relationships between seedling ecology and streamflow to link hydrological dynamics with ecological response. We developed and validated HEC‐EFM based on an examination of seedling recruitment following an experimental flow release from Alamo Dam in spring 2006. The model predicted the largest area of potential recruitment for cottonwood (280–481 ha), with smaller areas predicted for willow (174–188 ha) and tamarisk (59–60 ha). Correlations between observed and predicted patches with successful seedling recruitment for areas within 40 m of the main channel ranged from 0.66 to 0.94. Finally, we examined arrays of hydrographs to identify which are most conducive to seedling recruitment along the river, given different combinations of peak flow, recession rate, and water volume released. Similar application of this model could be useful for informing reservoir management in the context of riparian restoration along other rivers facing similar challenges.
Increased lipopolysaccharide content is positively correlated with glucocorticoid receptor‐beta expression in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps
Authors: Wang Shui‐Bin , Chen Shi‐Ming , Zhu Ke‐Sheng , Zhou Bin , Chen Long , Zou Xiao‐Yan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIntroductionChronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a common and frequently occurring disease of the upper respiratory tract. The nasal instillation of the Gram‐negative (G−) bacterial product lipopolysaccharide (LPS) can induce not only acute sinusitis but also the development of CRSwNP in animal models. Nevertheless, the expression and distribution of LPS in patients with CRSwNP have not been investigated. And the study was to investigate the expression of LPS and its relationship with glucocorticoid receptors (GRs) in CRSwNP.MethodsMultiple methods, including bacterial culture and immunohistochemistry, were used to detect and analyze nasal bacteria, plasma LPS content, and the levels of LPS and GR‐α/β, cluster of differentiation 68 (CD68), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) expression, as well as their relationship in CRSwNP.ResultsThe number of G− bacteria and Escherichia coli (E. coli) was not significantly different between CRSwNP subjects and the controls. However, the positive rate of LPS was much higher than that of E. coli in CRSwNP subjects and was significantly higher in noneosinophilic CRSwNP subjects than in eosinophilic CRSwNP subjects. Moreover, the LPS levels were positively correlated with GR‐β but not GR‐α expression in CRSwNP. Immunofluorescence assays showed that LPS was mainly detected in CD68+ macrophages and MPO+ neutrophils, in addition to histiocytes, in CRSwNP.ConclusionsPersistent LPS in CRSwNP can lead to unresolved mucosal inflammation, eventually leading to tissue remodeling and the development of CRSwNP. Our findings suggest that increased LPS content and possible resistance to glucocorticoids may be one of the important pathogenic mechanisms of G− bacteria in CRSwNP.
What matters for finance‐growth nexus? A critical survey of macroeconomic stability, institutions, financial and economic development
Authors: Ehigiamusoe Kizito Uyi , Samsurijan Mohamad Shaharudin 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis paper analyses the variables that moderate the impact of financial development on economic growth based on theoretical and empirical evidences. We show that financial and economic development, institutions and macroeconomic stability are the fundamental variables that moderate the finance‐growth nexus. Specifically, higher levels of financial and economic development, institutional quality and macroeconomic stability promote the impact of financial development on economic growth, while lower levels of these variables could have the opposite effect. We also show that too much finance is deleterious to economic growth, suggesting the existence of a threshold level of financial development beyond which further finance inhibits, rather than enhances growth. The economic implication of this study is that a stable macroeconomic environment, higher level of institutional quality, optimum financial and economic development are necessary conditions for finance to accelerate growth. Hence, countries that want to promote economic growth through the financial sector should give adequate priority to these variables.
Earning information content changes based on accrual measures and quality measures: Evidences from member countries of Asia Pacific trade agreement
Authors: Shoaib Adnan , Siddiqui Muhammad A. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe primary purpose of the study to identify the impact of accruals measures and quality measures on the earning information content that effects market value, while keeping in view the measures of Dechow, Sloan, and Sweeney (1996); Kothari, Leone, and Wasley (2005) and Barton and Simko (2002). The results from 802 companies selected from member countries of APTA indicated that, in all countries except Bangladesh, the earning management is not performed for improving earning informativeness in market and rather it is done for achieving manager's personal benefit. The specific behaviour is seen in India and Sri Lanka in which the higher accrual quality reduces the pricing of earning in market. This behaviour is due to the fact that investors are uninformed. Moreover, this behaviour is due to information asymmetry. The earning quality also has negative influence on earning informativeness towards market value in case of India and Bangladesh, which suggest that overstatement of beginning net operating assets have negative effect on earning information content as this overstatement reduces returns on asset due to overstated denominator, rather it restricts managers from biased earnings. However, in other countries it works in a way suggested by Barton and Simko (2002). The market value measure of India has greater dependency on interaction term as compared to China and Pakistan due to lower price synchronicity. China also has greater influence of interaction term on its company's market values than Pakistan.
Macroeconomic determinants of credit risk: Evidence from the Eurozone
Authors: Carvalho Paulo V. , Curto José D. , Primor Rodrigo 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe propose and estimate several models controlling for firm‐specific information, to examine the relation of macroeconomic variables with the probability of default of firms in the Eurozone. The novelty of our approach consists in capturing the informational value of macroeconomic factors on credit default prediction by using data from firms spanning 11 European countries; our panel data set covers 534 thousand firm‐year observations. The results we obtain confirm that macroeconomic information strengthens the accuracy of models forecasting credit default of non‐financial firms. With a negative effect on the probability of default, GDP growth stands out among the key macroeconomic predictors of default. Yet, we find compelling evidence that asymmetries exist within the Eurozone regarding the benign effects of GDP growth over credit risk; the reduction of the probability of default due to economic growth mostly occurs in economies more exposed to conditions of financial stress.
Phasepy: A Python based framework for fluid phase equilibria and interfacial properties computation
Authors: Chaparro Gustavo , Mejía Andrés 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPhasepy is a Python based package for fluid phase equilibria and interfacial properties calculation from equation of state (EoS). Phasepy uses several tools (i.e., NumPy, SciPy, Pandas, Matplotlib) allowing use Phasepy under Jupyter Notebooks. Phasepy models phase equilibria with the traditional ϕ–γ and ϕ–ϕ approaches, where ϕ (fugacity coefficient) can be modeled as a perfect gas, virial gas or EoS fluid, whereas γ (activity coefficient) can be described by conventional models (NRTL, Wilson, Redlich‐Kister expansion, and the group contribution modified‐UNIFAC). Interfacial properties are based on the square gradient theory couple to ϕ–ϕ approach. The available EoSs are the cubic EoS family extended to mixtures through the quadratic, modified‐Huron‐Vidal, and Wong‐Sandler mixing rules. Phasepy allows to analyze phase stability, compute phase equilibria, interfacial properties, and optimize their parameters for vapor–liquid, liquid–liquid, and vapor–liquid–liquid equilibria for multicomponent mixtures. Phasepy implementation, and robustness are illustrated for binary and ternary mixtures.
The impact of pre‐analytical variations on biochemical analytes stability: A systematic review
Authors: Hedayati Mehdi , Razavi S. Adeleh , Boroomand Seti , Kheradmand Kia Sima 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectiveA common problem in clinical laboratories is maintaining the stability of analytes during pre‐analytical processes. The aim of this study was to systematically summarize the results of a set of studies about the biochemical analytes stability.MethodsA literature search was performed on the Advanced search field of PubMed using the keywords: “(stability) AND (analytes OR laboratory analytes OR laboratory tests OR biochemical analytes OR biochemical tests OR biochemical laboratory tests).” A total of 56 entries were obtained. After applying the selection criteria, 20 articles were included in the study.ResultsIn the 20 included references, up to 123 different analytes were assessed. The 34 analytes in order of the most frequently studied analytes were evaluated: Alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, potassium, triglyceride, alkaline phosphatase, creatinine, total cholesterol, albumin, lactate dehydrogenase, sodium, calcium, γ‐glutamyltransferase, total bilirubin, urea, creatine kinase, inorganic phosphate, total protein, uric acid, amylase, chloride, high‐density lipoprotein, magnesium, glucose, C‐reactive protein, bicarbonate, ferritin, iron, lipase, transferrin, cobalamin, cortisol, folate, free thyroxine, and thyroid‐stimulating hormone. Stable test results could be varied between 2 hours and 1 week according to the type of samples and/or type of blood collection tubes on a basic classification set as refrigerated or room temperature.ConclusionsBiochemical analytes stability could be improved if the best pre‐analytical approaches are used.