bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Elective and emergency repair of umbilical hernia in cirrhotic patients with ascites
Authors: Attia Radwa M , Kotb Fatma M 
Published: October 2019

Background
Umbilical hernia is a common finding in cirrhotic patients with ascites. The incidence of umbilical hernia is 20–40% in cirrhotic patients, and emergency repair is indicated in critical cases if there is ascites leakage, irreducibility, and infection, with high rate of morbidity and mortality than elective cases.

Aim
To evaluate the effectiveness of elective hernioplasty rather than emergent one.

Patients and methods
A total of 50 patients were included in this study between December 2017 and December 2018 at Al Zahraa University Hospital. They were divided into two groups: (a) elective group included 25 patients with moderate to severe ascites, and (b) emergent group included 25 patients with moderate to severe ascites, of them 10 (40%) cases presented with spontaneous eruption of umbilical hernia, whereas 15 (60%) patients presented with irreducible umbilical hernia. There were 30 (60%) males and 20 (40%) females. Their age ranged between 40 and 65 years, with an average age of 45 years. Umbilical hernioplasty was done for all patients in both groups by using polypropylene mesh after preparation.

Results
In this study, one operative procedure was done for all patients. Using polypropylene mesh with peritoneal dialysis, a catheter was placed in all cases of both groups. There is difference between elective and emergency groups in operative time, postoperative hospital stay, and also early postoperative complication. Long-term follow-up was done in both groups and revealed death owing to liver failure as a complication of cirrhosis in three (12%) patients in the emergent group and in only one (4%) patient in the elective group.

Conclusion
Higher morbidity and mortality are associated with the emergency surgery in advanced cirrhotic patients. The prognosis is favorable for patients with good hepatic reserve.
Effect of ultra-low-dose naloxone with ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block on postoperative pain relief in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Authors: AEl-Garhy Ahmed M , Nouh Eldesoky M 
Published: October 2019

Introduction
Transversus abdominis plane (TAP) blocks have been described as an effective component of multimodal postoperative analgesia for a wide variety of abdominal procedures such as bowel resection, open/laparoscopic appendectomy, cesarean delivery, hysterectomy, laparoscopic cholecystectomy, open prostatectomy, renal transplant surgery, and abdominoplasty. Various adjuvants have been added to augment the effect and prolong the duration of action of analgesia in TAP block. The mechanism of action of ultra-low-dose naloxone includes selective inhibition of the impulses from excitatory opioid receptors and release of encephalin.

Aim
This study investigated the effect of ultra-low-dose naloxone on intensity and duration of analgesia of transversus abdominis plane block (TAP block). The primary outcome of the work is to assess the quality of TAB block with addition of ultra-low-dose naloxone in terms of time to first analgesic request (rescue analgesia) and visual analogue score (VAS) score. The secondary outcome is to assess opioid consumption and occurrence of complications (nausea and vomiting).

Patients and methods
A total of 100 elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy patients were included in our study who were divided randomly into two groups: in the naloxone group (N) (50 patients), bilateral ultrasound-guided subcostal TAP block was done with injection of bupivacaine 0.25% in the plane +100 ng naloxone with total volume of 20 ml in each side, and in the control group (C) (50 patients), bilateral ultrasound-guided subcostal TAP block was done with injection of bupivacaine 0.25% in the plane with total volume 20 ml in each side. Then, the patients were assessed for postoperative pain after full recovery as baseline and then every 4 h for 24 h by VAS. Time to first analgesic request (rescue analgesia), postoperative opioid consumption for the first 24 h, and any adverse effects (nausea and vomiting) were noted.

Results
We found, a highly significant decrease in VAS scores at 12, 16, 20, and 24 h in naloxone group compared with the control group (P<0.01). There was a nonsignificant difference regarding VAS scores at PACU, 4, and 8 h (P>0.05). Moreover, there was a highly significant increase in time to first analgesic request in naloxone group compared with the control group (P<0.01). Regarding secondary outcomes, there was a highly significant decrease in postoperative opioid consumption in naloxone group compared with the control group (P<0.01), and nonsignificant difference regarding nausea and vomiting (P>0.05).

Conclusion
Ultra-low-dose naloxone usage in TAP block helps in reducing postoperative pain scores and postoperative opioid consumption in patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Comparative study between Limberg flap and local rotation flap for pilonidal sinus, as a new modified technique
Authors: El Fattah Morsi Abd 
Published: October 2019

Introduction
Pilonidal sinus is a common chronic disease of the sacrococcygeal region. Treatment varies according to the clinical presentation of the disease. Although many surgical methods have been suggested, an ideal method is still lacking because of high recurrence rates. Recurrent disease causes significant morbidity and consequent time off work.

Aim
The aim of this study was to assess the role of the local rotation flap in promoting primary healing in pilonidal disease and to evaluate morbidity and recurrence in comparison with Limberg flap.

Patients and methods
This prospective study was conducted at Al-Azhar University Hospitals, from April 2015 to July 2018. It involved 80 patients with pilonidal disease. There were 56 males and 24 females aged between 21 and 42 years old. They were divided randomly into two groups, with 40 patients each. Group A underwent Limberg flap, whereas group B underwent a local rotation flap closure for sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus.

Results
The operative time was ∼1.5 h in group A, whereas in group B was ∼45–60 min. The duration of hospital stay was 1 day, as all patients were discharged on the same day of surgery in both groups. In group A, there was no wound infection, but two cases had wound dehiscence, one case flap necrosis, and two cases with seroma after removal of drain. In group B, there was no wound infection, flap necrosis, or wound dehiscence, but there were six cases with seroma in the follow-up period. There was one case of recurrence in group A and no recurrence in group B.

Conclusion
This study favors the local rotation flap for sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus because it had the same outcomes as in Limberg flap, in addition to its simplicity and short operative time.
Fetuin-A
Authors: El-Sayed Huda M , El-Sayd Zeinab H , Megahed Tarek G , El-Nabi Mohammed M. Abd El-Wahab H 
Published: October 2019

Introduction

Helicobacter pylori infection has been associated with many extragastrointestinal diseases such as cardiovascular and neurological diseases. Recently, several studies have reported a relationship between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and H. pylori infection. Indeed, H. pylori infection is involved in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance (IR), which is closely linked with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Furthermore, fetuin-A has been linked with impaired insulin sensitivity.

Aim
Therefore, we aimed to evaluate fetuin-A as a possible link between H. pylori infection and IR.

Patients and methods
A total of 160 patients included in our study were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of H. pylori infection. We determined serum fetuin-A, serum insulin, homeostasis model assessment-IR, and liver and kidney functions. Upper gastrointestinal tract endoscopy and antral biopsy was taken for H. pylori examination.

Results
We found that fetuin-A was significantly elevated in H. pylori-positive group when compared with H. pylori-negative group, and a significant positive correlation of fetuin-A was observed with fasting insulin levels and homeostasis model assessment-IR.

Conclusion
We conclude that fetuin-A was implicated as a possible link between H. pylori infection and the development of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis through its effect on IR.
Relationship among cognitive function, depression, and vitamin D in a sample of Egyptian patients with migraine
Authors: Maabady Manal H , Elattar Rasha S , Elaidy Asmaa M , Elshennawy Salwa I 
Published: October 2019

Background
Migraine is the second most common cause of headache worldwide. Recently, vitamin D deficiency has been considered as a global health problem. Cognitive impairment and depression are common comorbidities with both migraine and vitamin D deficiency. Some studies have shown relationship between vitamin D deficiency and migraine; however, the available evidence on association among vitamin D, migraine, and those comorbidities is limited.

Objective
To study the relation between vitamin D and migraine and to explore its relation to depression and cognitive impairment as comorbidities of migraine.

Patients and methods
This was a cross-sectional comparative case–control study. A total of 30 patients with migraine aged 18–41 years were included along with 30 controls, who were age and sex matched. All patients were assessed for frequency, duration of migraine attacks, and Migraine Disability Assessment Scale (MDAS). All patients with chronic migraine were not on prophylactic treatment. Moreover, patients and control were exposed to Hamilton Depression Rating scale (HAM-D) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) to assess depression and cognition, respectively. Serum vitamin D level was also measured.

Results
Serum vitamin D was significantly decreased in migraineurs with negative correlation to duration of disease and frequency of attacks; however, it was not significant to cognitive impairment or depression. MoCA and HAM-D were significantly affected in patients with migraine than control with significant decline in chronic form of migraine; however, there was no significant difference between migraine with aura or without. MoCA and HAM-D were also related to MDAS but not to vitamin D.

Conclusion
Serum vitamin D is deficient in migraineurs and was related to frequency of attacks but not to the severity of migraine, associated depression, or cognitive impairment. Cognitive impairment and depression were explored in migraineurs and related to MDAS. Cognitive impairment is related to both migraine with aura or without aura, and patients with chronic migraine are affected more than those with episodic migraine.
Critical view of safety and Rouviere's sulcus
Authors: Elwan Ayman M 
Published: October 2019

Introduction
Bile duct injury is a serious complication of cholecystectomy. To fulfill the criteria for a critical view of safety requires Calot's triangle to be cleared free of fat and fibrous tissue. Rouviere's sulcus is a 2–5-cm sulcus running to the right of the liver hilum anterior to the caudate lobe.

Aim
Our aim is to study critical view of safety and Rouviere's sulcus as extrahepatic landmarks and their benefits in avoiding common bile duct injury.

Patients and methods
From January 2015 to December 2018 (35 months), in New Damietta University Hospital, 300 patients with calculous cholecystitis undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy were included in this study.

Results
Rouviere's sulcus was present in 293 (97.7%) patients: open type was found in 175 (58.3%) patients, whereas closed type was found in 118 (39.3%) of patients. The sulcus was not present in seven (2.3%) of patients. A critical view of safety was inspected in all patients (100%). There was conversion to open cholecystectomy in two (0.7%) patients owing to severe adhesions which cannot be dissected laparoscopically. No mortality was recorded in the follow-up period.

Conclusion
Rouviere's sulcus and critical view of safety technique are very helpful extrahepatic landmarks to avoid common bile duct injury and perform safe laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Wendy Carlos's Switched-On Bach
Authors: Kheshti Roshanak 
Published: October 2019

So much, popular and scholarly, has been written about the synthesizer, Bob Moog and his brand-name instrument, and even Wendy Carlos, the musician who made this instrument famous. No one, however, has examined the importance of spy technology, the Cold War and Carlos's gender to this critically important innovation.
Through a postcolonial lens of feminist science and technology studies, Roshanak Kheshti engages in a reading of Carlos's music within this gendered context. By focusing on Switched-On Bach (the highest selling classical music recording of all time), this book explores the significance of gender to the album's—and, as a result, the Moog synthesizer's—phenomenal success
Recent trends in climate variability at the local scale using 40 years of observations: the case of the Paris region of France
Authors: Ringard Justine , Chiriaco Marjolaine , Bastin Sophie , Habets Florence 
Published: October 2019

Abstract. For several years, global warming has been unequivocal,
leading to climate change at global, regional and local scales. A good
understanding of climate characteristics and local variability is important
for adaptation and response. Indeed, the contribution of local processes and
their understanding in the context of warming are still very little studied
and poorly represented in climate models. Improving the knowledge of
surface–atmosphere feedback effects at local scales is therefore important
for future projections. Using observed data in the Paris region from 1979 to 2017,
this study characterizes the changes observed over the last 40 years
for six climatic parameters (e.g. mean, maximum and minimum air temperature
at 2 m, 2 m relative and specific humidities and precipitation) at
the annual and seasonal scales and in summer, regardless of large-scale
circulation, with an attribution of which part of the change is linked to
large-scale circulation or thermodynamic. The results show that some trends
differ from the ones observed at the regional or global scale. Indeed, in
the Paris region, the maximum temperature increases faster than does the
minimum temperature. The most significant trends are observed in spring and
in summer, with a strong increase in temperature and a very strong decrease
in relative humidity, while specific humidity and precipitation show no
significant trends. The summer trends can be explained more precisely using
large-scale circulation, especially regarding the evolution of the
precipitation and specific humidity. The analysis indicates the important
role of surface–atmosphere feedback in local variability and that this
feedback is amplified or inhibited in a context of global warming,
especially in an urban environment.
Development of a balloon-borne instrument for CO2 vertical profile observations in the troposphere
Authors: Ouchi Mai , Matsumi Yutaka , Nakayama Tomoki , Shimizu Kensaku , Sawada Takehiko , Machida Toshinobu , Matsueda Hidekazu , Sawa Yousuke , Morino Isamu , Uchino Osamu , Tanaka Tomoaki , Imasu Ryoichi 
Published: October 2019

Abstract. A novel, practical observation system for measuring tropospheric carbon
dioxide (CO2) concentrations using a non-dispersive infrared analyzer
carried by a small helium-filled balloon (CO2 sonde) has been
developed for the first time. Vertical profiles of atmospheric CO2 can
be measured with a 240–400 m altitude resolution through regular onboard
calibrations using two different CO2 standard gases. The standard
deviations (1σ) of the measured mole fractions in the laboratory
experiments using a vacuum chamber at a temperature of 298 K were
approximately 0.6 ppm at 1010 hPa and 1.2 ppm at 250 hPa. Two CO2
vertical profile data obtained using the CO2 sondes, which were
launched on 31 January and 3 February 2011 at Moriya, were compared
with the chartered aircraft data on the same days and the commercial
aircraft data obtained by the Comprehensive Observation Network for TRace
gases by Airliner (COTRAIL) program on the same day (31 January) and 1 d before (2 February). The difference between the CO2 sonde data
and these four sets of in situ aircraft data (over the range of each balloon
altitude ±100 m) up to the altitude of 7 km was 0.6±1.2 ppm
(average ±1σ). In field experiments, the CO2 sonde
detected an increase in CO2 concentration in an urban area and a
decrease in a forested area near the surface. The CO2 sonde was shown
to be a useful instrument for observing and monitoring the vertical profiles
of CO2 concentration in the troposphere.
2019/27 No additional public holiday pay for working on Good Friday – Discrimination based on religion? (AT)
Authors: Eichmeyer Jana , Andréewitch Karolin 
Published: October 2019

2019/27 No additional public holiday pay for working on Good Friday – Discrimination based on religion? (AT)
Under a former Austrian law effective until February 2019, Good Friday was a public holiday only for a minority belonging to certain Christian Evangelical churches. In the case at hand, Austrian courts had to assess if this regulation and its legal consequences were valid under European Union law, or if they constituted discrimination.
2019/36 Are professional foster parents excluded from the right to request payment in lieu of untaken annual leave? (RO)
Authors: Suciu Andreea , Ion Gabriela 
Published: October 2019

2019/36 Are professional foster parents excluded from the right to request payment in lieu of untaken annual leave? (RO)
The decision pronounced by the first instance court related to the right of professional foster parents to request payment in lieu of untaken annual leave based on ECJ case law has been overruled by the Court of Appeal by making reference to a different ECJ ruling.
Three new species and two new records of the genus Cotesia Cameron (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from Iran
Authors: Zargar Mohammad , Gupta Ankita , Talebi Ali Asghar , Farahani Samira 
Published: October 2019

The present study is based on the genus Cotesia Cameron,1891 collected from Khuzestan Province in the Southwestern part of Iran during 2016–2017. Nine species (+200 specimens) of the genus Cotesia were collected and identified. We recognised three new species, which we describe and illustrate here: Cotesia elongata Zargar & Gupta sp. nov., C. khuzestanesis Zargar & Gupta sp. nov. and C. zagrosensis Zargar & Gupta sp. nov. Two species are recorded for the first time from Iran: Cotesia cynthiae (Nixon, 1974) and C. glabrata (Telenga, 1955). A faunistic list with species distribution in Iran, a modified key to include the new species and brief diagnoses for the new records from Iran are provided.
Coherence, Specification and Effectiveness of Agricultural Innovation Systems in Benin
Authors: Moumouni-Moussa Ismail 
Published: October 2019

Aims: This paper explores possible approaches of assessing the effectiveness of AIS with the main hypothesis that ex ante analysis of advisory service systems integrating local perspectives can help for early evaluation of their chance of success.
Study Design: The AIS developed by the Cotton Boosting Project and the District Center for Agricultural Promotion were selected as case studies in Bembereke District in Northern Benin. We focused on advisory services provided by these institutions to farmers to better cope with soil fertility decline and the mortality of small ruminants.
Methodology: We constructed an analytical framework based on organizational theories of agricultural services, structured around the concepts of level of (i) intern and extern coherence, (ii) specification and (iii) effectiveness of AIS. We conducted systematic field observations and semi-structured interviews with farmers and agricultural projects leaders to collect qualitative data on the components of AIS, their level of accuracy, the relations between these components, their appropriateness with the intervention contexts, farmers’ perceptions and satisfactions.
Results: The AIS we investigated displayed lack of coherence between objectives, services provided, human and material resources deployed and assets of targeted groups. Specific characteristics of the intervention environment such as rick factor were not often sufficiently considered by project leaders. Objectives and target groups were the less specified components. The low levels of harmony and accuracy between/of the components of the AIS were proportional to their unsatisfactory level of achieved performance, displayed by the persistence of soil degradation and the mortality of small ruminants.
Conclusion: The levels of coherence and specification between/of the components of AIS can tell a lot about its probable level of effectiveness. Such an ex ante analysis may complement usual approaches used to assess the effectiveness of AIS.
Optimization of Water Cooking of Sweet Potato (Ipomea batatas) Leaves and Characterization of Three Nutritional Interest Molecules (Folic Acid, Iron and Phytate)
Authors: Gouekou Désirée A. , S. Guédé Serge , A. Agbo Edith , G. Gbogouri Albarin 
Published: October 2019

Sweet potato (Ipomea batatas) leaves are among the leafy vegetables most consumed by Ivorian population. In order to preserve iron and folic acid, and to eliminate phytates, a study of optimization of water cooking of these leaves was conducted. Response surface methodology was employed to describe the effects of cooking time and leaf quantity on iron, folic acid and phytate contents of sweet potato leaves using a central composite design. Response surfaces and isoresponse curves were plotted to visualize areas of interest (optimal points). Results showed that the experimental data were adequately fitted into the second-order polynomial model. Cooking time had significant effects (P < .05) on folic acid and phytate contents. The effect of leaf quantity was significant (P < .01) on the three response variables. In addition, the optimal points were located in areas of the experimental domain where iron and folic acid contents were high. Therefore, three optimal conditions for water cooking (cooking time, leaf quantity) were identified: (10 min, 400 g), (7.93 min, 300 g) and (22.07 min, 441.4 g). Under these conditions, iron and folic acid contents (mg/100 g) were: (49.17, 12.58), (37.00, 16.27) and (48.77, 11.26), respectively. These results could be exploited to formulate iron and folic acid supplementation products from sweet potato leaves.