bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maudhui katika Nyimbo Teule Kwenye Kipindi cha Rauka
Authors: Chepkwony Joyce , Simiyu Fred Wanjala , Adero Margan 
Published: July 2020

Utafiti huu unahusu maudhui katika nyimbo teule kwenye vyombo vya habari, mfano ni nyimbo katika kipindi cha Rauka katika runinga ya Citizen. Utafiti ulichochewa na haja ya kutaka kuchunguza nafasi ya vyombo vya habari katika kuhuisha fasihi simulizi kupitia utanzu wa nyimbo. Tafiti za awali zilichunguza tanzu nyingine kama mazungumzo na maigizo. Utafiti huu ulidhamiria hususan: Kubainisha vigezo vilivyotumiwa kuteua nyimbo zinazochezwa kwenye kipindi cha Rauka; Kuonyesha maudhui katika nyimbo teule; Kuchunguza mbinu za lugha zilizotumiwa kuwasilisha maudhui za nyimbo zinazoteuliwa na kuchezwa kwenye kipindi cha Rauka. Utafiti huu ulifanywa kwa kuzingatia muundo wa kimfano unaoeleza kuwa mtafiti huteua eneo au kitu maalum ambacho kitashughulikiwa na kuwezesha kupatikana kwa data za utafiti zilizokusudiwa. Utafiti huu uliongozwa na nadharia ya Ajenda iliyoasisiwa na McCombs na Shaw mwaka wa 1972. Nadharia ya Ajenda ilitumika kuhakiki uteuzi wa nyimbo wa kipindi kinachopeperushwa na runinga. Uchunguzi ulifanywa katika idhaa ya Citizen kipindi cha Rauka kinachopeperusha nyimbo za dini. Utafiti uliwahusisha waandaaji wawili wa kipindi cha Rauka cha runinga ya Citizen na watazamaji 68 kutoka eneo la Eldoret, Kaunti ya Uasin Gishu, shule za upili ya wasichana ya Hill School. Kwa ujumla, utafiti uliwahusisha watu 70. Watazamaji waliteuliwa kwa kutumia usampulishaji kimaksudi. Vifaa vifuatavyo vilitumiwa kukusanya data: hojaji kwa watazamaji, usaili kwa waandaaji wa kipindi na mwalimu msimamizi wa masuala ya dini na mkuu wa ushauri na nasaha na kinasa sauti kunasia vipindi vilivyoteuliwa kisha vikachanganuliwa. Data ifuatayo ilikusanywa: Nyimbo zilizochezwa kwenye kipindi cha Rauka ziliteuliwa kwa kuzingatia mada ya siku, muda uliotengewa kipindi cha Rauka, hadhira, masuala ibuka, kuwepo na nyimbo zinazowavutia watazamaji; Utafiti umebainisha kuwa nyimbo zinazochezwa katika kipindi cha Rauka zina maudhui ya upendo, shukrani, msamaha, uvumilivu, heshima, wema na msaada. Data iliyokusanywa ilichanganuliwa kwa kuzingatia nadharia ya Ajenda kwa kubainisha maudhui yaliyomo kisha matokeo yakawasilishwa kupitia maelezo ya kifafanuzi na mfano. Matokeo ya utafiti huu yatakuwa mchango kwa tafiti ambazo zimefanywa kuhusu fasihi simulizi na matumizi yake katika vyombo vya habari. Utafiti huu vilevile utakuwa wa manufaa kwa yeyote atakayefanya utafiti kuhusu fasihi simulizi na vyombo vya habari.
PREVENTION OF EARLY POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS OF INTESTINAL SURGERY USING IMMUNOMODULATING THERAPY
Authors: Tymchenko M. 
Published: July 2020

Summary. The aim of the study is to develop a method of immunocorrection, which improves the results of treatment of patients with developed peritonitis against the background of the small intestine anastomosis leakege by stopping the cascade of SIRS and MOF.
Materials and methods. The work was clinical in nature, was performed in the clinic of the SI «ZIGUS NAMSU» in the period from 2016 to 2019. We examined 58 patients with various diseases of the abdominal organs complicated by peritonitis, in which sections of the small intestine were resected. The Comparison Group included patients who received traditional therapy, patients of the Main Group, the complex of drug therapy included recombinant interleukin-2, galavit and α-lipoic acid. The results of surgical treatment were evaluated according to the classification of D. Dindo, N. Demartinesta, P.-A. Clavien (2004). Statistical analysis was removed from the Statistica 6.0 software (StatSoft, Inc. 2001) and SPSS 7.5 on Apple PC.
Results and Discussion. Thus, the results of the use of a comprehensive immunomodulation scheme using IL-2, galavit and α-lipoic acid in the complex treatment of patients with widespread peritonitis against the background of intestinal anastomosis failure suggest that the developed scheme has a targeted immunoregulatory effect and prevents the excess production of inflammatory mediators in the early postoperative the period of the disease, helps to eliminate the cytokine imbalance and prevents the development of secondary immune deficiency. A comparative analysis of the incidence of complications revealed that in patients of the Main Group the average number of complications per patient was 0.53, while in the Comparison Group this indicator was 1.36.
Conclusions. The use of a combination of IL-2, galavit and α-lipoic acid in the complex of treatment of common peritonitis helps to reduce the level of systemic and local postoperative complications, as well as the level of postoperative mortality.
ENDOBRONCHIAL SURGICAL METHODS IN THE TREATMENT OF CHRONIC LUNG ABSCESS
Authors: Boyko V. V. , Serenko A. A. , Krasnoyaruzhskiy A. G. , Minukhin D. V. , Hroma V. G. , Yevtushenko D. O. , Korzh P. I. 
Published: July 2020

Summary. Treatment of chronic lung abscesses remains a relevant problem of thoracic surgery. A key condition for clinical recovery of the patient or for optimal preoperative preparation is adequate drainage of the chronic abscess cavity. Endobronchial drainage methods are the most physiological and the least invasive.
Materials and methods of research. On the basis of the clinic of the State Institution «V. T. Zaytsev Institute of General and Urgent Surgery of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine» 98 patients with chronic lung abscesses were examined and treated. The patients were divided into 2 groups. Patients of the main group together with anti-inflammatory drugs were systemically and locally prescribed liposomal drug «Lipin». The patients of the comparison group used traditional methods.
Results and discussion. Efficiency of endobronchial drainage of a cavity of chronic abscesses is proved by positive ultrasound dynamics: acceleration of cleaning of an abscess cavity — earlier on 2,3 days, acceleration of positive ultrasound dynamics — earlier on 2,9 days. In the analysis of laboratory efficacy indicators — a significant positive effect of the specified methodology on reducing the level of endogenous intoxication is observed.
Conclusions. The data obtained demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method of endobronchial drainage of a chronic abscess cavity together with combination anti-inflammatory therapy using Lipin and its advantage over traditional treatment regimens.
PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSTICS OF CONTRAINDICATIONS TO LAPAROSCOPIC APPROACH AT OPERATIVE TREATMENT OF ACUTE CHOLECYSTITIS
Authors: Lupaltsov V. I. , Vander К. А. , Yagnyuk A. I. , Kitchenko S. S. 
Published: July 2020

Summary. Acute cholecystitis is one of the most frequent urgent pathology – about 10-15 %.
Purpose of the analysis – to improve the outcomes of the surgical treatment elderly and senile age patients with acute cholecystitis based on ultrasonic method investigation of a perivesical infiltration.
Materials and method. Clinical investigation and the analysis of results of surgical treatment of acute cholecystitis at 147 patients were carried out. In all cases, cholelithiasis was the cause of acute cholecystitis. Differential criteria of the choice of surgical approach were formed before operation with the ultrasonography of a hepatopancreatoduodenal zone and color mapping with Doppler ultrasonography of a blood-circulation in a wall of a gall bladder. Depending on tissue density and spreading of inflammation, three types of infiltrate were identified: friable infiltrate, dense infiltrate with well-defined contours of a gall bladder and dense infiltrate with blurring of contours of a gall bladder and a choledoch.
Conclusion. The research revealed the most characteristic signs of ultrasonography mapping based on which already before operation it is possible to identify contraindications to laparoscopic approach. Optimization of the choice of surgical approach allowed to increase safety of operation and to improve its results.
COMPLICATIONS OF TRANSPAPILLARY ENDOSCOPIC INTERVENTIONS (TEI)
Authors: Tamm T. I. , Kramarenko K. A. , Mamontov I. N. , Nepomnyashchy V. V. , Zakharchuk A. P. , Zulfigarov I. 
Published: July 2020

Summary. Objective — a retrospective analysis of the causes of TEI complications and the results of their treatment.
Materials and methods. The long-term results of performed TEI in 2909 patients were analyzed. The most common indication for TEI was choledocholithiasis, which was found in 1873 (65.4 %) patients and stenosis of papilla was detected in 454 (15.6 %) patients. Complications arose in 112 (3.85 %) patients. 4 (0.14 %) patients died.
Results. Bleeding occurred in 28 (0.96 %) patients. In 12 of 26 patients, endoscopic hemostatic manipulations were additionally performed. Two patients with profuse bleeding from a papillotomy wound were urgently operated on, one patient died. Acute pancreatitis occurred in 68 (2.33 %) patients, of which 56 (1.92 %) had an edematous form, and 12 (0.41 %) patients had a destructive form. 11 patients were operated on from 2 to 15 days from the onset of the disease. Two patients with pancreatic necrosis died of intoxication, the source of which was progressive retroperitoneal necrosis. In 5 (0.17 %) patients, intervention on the papilla was complicated by perforation of the wall of the duodenum. 4 out of 5 patients were urgently operated on (B-2 antrumectomy, external drainage of the common bile duct and retro duodenal space). All 4 patients recovered. In 1 patient, complication was diagnosed on the 5th day after the intervention, which led to delayed surgery and the death of the patient. In 11 patients (0.38 %), a Dormia basket with a stone in the distal part of the common bile duct wedged when trying to extract it. Only one of 11 patients was operated on as planned; in the remaining 10, the problem was resolved with repeated TEI.
Conclusions. Punctual technical implementation of all stages of manipulation, selective cannulation of the bile ducts, careful x-ray control of the position and advancement of the instrument in the ducts helps to reduce the number of complications after TEI.
ENDOVASCULAR METHODS OF TREATMENT POSTPANCREATECTOMY HEMORRHAGE AFTER PANCREATIC RESECTIONS
Authors: Kopchak V. M. , Pererva L. A. , Kondratiuk V. A. , Duvalko A. V. , Khanenko V. V. , Andronik S. V. , Trachuk V. I. 
Published: July 2020

Summary. Aim. To evaluate of the endovascular treatment of patients with postpancreatectomy hemorrhage after pancreatic resections.
Matherials and Methods. In the period 2009-2018 we performed 728 radical pancreatic resections in patients with pancreatic cancer.
Postpancreatectomy hemorrhage was occurred in 38 (5,2 %) patients. Mortality was 6 (15,8 %). Postpancreatectomy hemorrhage gr. A st. А was occurred in 3 patients and was treatment concervatively. Hemorrhage gr. B or C were occurred in 35 patients.
Results. Angiography was performed in 17 (48,6 %) patients among 35. In 14 patients postpancreatectomy hemorrhage was diagnosed. In 3 (17,6 %) patients the source of the bleeding wasn’t identified, this patients underwent a laparotomy with a subsequent treatment. Interventional angiography and treatment of hemorrhage were performed in 14 (82,4 %) patients: embolization was performed in 9, stenting in 5. Mortality was occurred in 1 (7 %) patient. There were no complications after stent grafting. Open surgery was performed in 18 (51.4 %) patients. Of the 18 patients, 6 (33.3 %) died of further septic complications.
Conclusions. Endovascular techniques to treatment of postpancreatectomy haemorrhage have proven to be highly effective and safe with good technical and clinical results. Endovascular treatment of bleeding should be the first step in the treatment of postpancreatectomy haemorrhage with stent graft placement in haemorrhage of the main vessels.
FORECAST OF THE OUTCOME OF SURGICAL TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH AORTIC ANEURISM TO CHANGE THE CONCENTRATION OF VESSEL ENDOTHELIUM GROWTH FACTOR (VEGF) AND CONTENT OF IMMUNOLOGICAL MARKERS
Authors: Klimova E. M. , Buchneva O. V. , Merezhko O. S. , Kalashnikova J. V. 
Published: July 2020

Summary. Despite all the successes of surgical treatment of patients with aortic aneurysm, there are a number of questions, the search for answers to which remains relevant now. It is important to have prognostic markers for assessing postoperative complications.
The aim. To determine the diagnostic and prognostic significance of indicators characterizing immunoresistance, the degree of adaptive reactions and the regenerative ability of immunophysiological factors affecting the outcome of the disease.
Materials and methods. The study examined 23 patients with vascular pathology (13 patients with aortic aneurysm (chest and abdominal) and 10 patients with coronary heart disease (CHD)).
Results and discussion. The determination of significant biomarkers in patients with aortic aneurysms revealed violations of the barrier function of neutrophil phagocytosis. An increase in the oxidative activity of SP, % in the spontaneous NBT-test to (20,2 ± 2,2)% at a reference value of (10 ± 1,1)% and a 1,2-fold increase in the number of cells that absorbed the dye after stimulation with zymosan (ST). In all examined patients with aortic aneurysm, CD2+ and CD3+ stimulation was observed. The decrease in CD4+ and CD8+ in 1,7 and 1,6 times, respectively, in all terms of the survey. A significant increase in cytotoxic factors opsonized by the C3 complement factor by 1,5 times was revealed. In the preoperative period revealed a multiple increase in the concentration of IL-6 (in 60 times) and IL-10 (in 50 times) in all patients with aortic aneurysm. In 3 patients with negative dynamics of the course of the disease (exitus), an extremely low level of VEGF concentration was detected. In all patients with stratified aortic aneurysms, preoperatively reduced AChE activity was observed, an increase in creatinekinase activity to 410 U/l at a reference value of (85 ± 54) U/l, and a decrease in ceruloplasmin content to 214.4 mg/l compared to the reference group (315.0 ± 45.2) mg/l.
Conclusion. As significant biomarkers characterizing the severity of the condition of patients with aortic aneurysm, the level of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), cytokines, as well as changes in the activity of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE) can be used.
VENOUS BLOOD INDICES AFTER CAVAPLICATION IN PATIENTS WITH THROMBOSIS OF THE VENA CAVA INFERIOR
Authors: Rusin V. I. , Popovich Ya. M. 
Published: July 2020

Summary. Despite reports of plication with inferior vena cava thrombosis, the venous hemodynamics before and after hardware cavaplication has been not evaluated.
The aim of research. Estimate the changes of the venous blood flow indices after complication in patients with vena cava inferior thrombosis.
Materials and methods. Quantitative assessment of venous blood flow was performed in 34 patients with inferior vena cava thrombosis before and after incomplete hardware cavaplication. Cavaplication was performed in 11 (32.4 %) patients with non-tumor and in 23 (67.6 %) patients with tumors of the vena cava inferior. For selecting the site of cavaplication, the infrarenal branch of the vena cava inferior directly below the renal veins was prevailed – in 29 (85.3 %) patients, the plication of vena cava inferior lower or higher hepatic veins in 4 (11.8 %) and 1 (2.9 %) patients were performed respectively.
Results. Increases of following indices of central and regional hemodynamics after hardware cavaplication were observed, in particular, volume (by 56.5 %) and the linear rate of blood flow (by 40.4 %), minute volume of blood flow (by 16.2 %), cardiac index (by 8.8 %), systolic volume (by 6 %), end-systolic volume index (by 4.5 %), end-diastolic volume index (by 3.9 %) and ejection fraction (by 2.1 %). Instead, the pressure in the inferior vena cava (by 18.2 %) and stroke volume (by 8.9 %) decreased, which, however, was also considered as a positive result of thrombectomy from the vena cava inferior and hardware cavaplication.
Conclusions. Within a year after inferior vena plication, indicators of central and peripheral hemodynamics were within the physiological norm and collateral pathways during radioisotope phleboscintigraphy weren`t determined. At the same time, the lumen of the vena cava inferior was completely restored, after 12-18 months, in all cases after plication.
PREDICTORS OF HEMORRHAGIC AND THROMBOTIC COMPLICATIONS OF HEPATOSPLENOMEGALY SYNDROME
Authors: Klimova E. M. , Kalashnikova Yu. V. , Kordon T. I. , Lavinskaya E. V. , Agarkova A. N. , Osmanov R. R. , Ryabinskaya O. V. 
Published: July 2020

Summary. Goal. Investigation of the interactions of coagulation, anticoagulant and fibrinolytic systems with factors of immunoresistance in hepatosplenomegaly syndrome (SHSM).
Materials and methods. Materials — сells and blood serum of 58 patients with SHSM against the background of liver cirrhosis complicated by portal hypertension, with the etiological factor — HCV / HBV virus infection (group I, 22 people) and the etiological factor — CMV / VEB virus infection (group II, 36 people), who were admitted to the hospital for bleeding from esophageal varicose veins. Methods - photometric on a biochemical analyzer Stat Fax 1904 Plus (USA). (C3 and C4 components of complement, antithrombin III and plasminogen, concentration of circulating immune complexes (CIC), determination of the coagulation time of venous blood Lee-White, calculation of the prothrombin index, fibrinogen content by the Rutberg gravimetric method. Protein C activity (PrS) by the clotting method on a coagulometer K 3002 Spectramed (Poland). Peripheral blood platelet counts were performed using immersion microscopy according to the Fonio method.
Results. Multidirectional changes in the functions of the hemostasis system were revealed: a decrease in antithrombin III activity, protein C content, fibrinogen concentration, a decrease in plasminogen activity, a decrease in platelet counts, an increase in platelet antibodies, an increase in the concentration of the C3 component and a decrease in the C4 component of complement.
Conclusions. Hemorrhagic and thrombotic complications of HCV, life-threatening and affecting the tactics and results of surgical and minimally invasive treatment, can occur both in the HCV group on the background of HBV/HCV viral hepatitis, and in the HCV group on the background of herpes virus CMV/VEB infection, but in group I both hemorrhagic and thrombotic complications were dominated by plasma risk factors for and in group II - platelet and immunological (complement component C3) risk factors for hemorrhagic complications, plasma factors of thrombotic complications.
CHOOSING A METHOD OF SURGICAL TREATMENT OF ACUTE APPENDICITIS IN PATIENTS WITH CONCOMITANT PULMONARY PATHOLOGY
Authors: Hasan Y. , Borodayev I. E. , Kolodiy V. V. , Kachanov V. N. , Volkov V. B. 
Published: July 2020

Summary. The article analyzes the experience of using endovideosurgical method of treatment of patients with АA with pulmonary pathology, determines the indications for the use of different methods of applying pneumoperitoneum when performing laparoscopic appendectomy (LA).
Material and method. The result of treatment of 46 patients with acute appendicitis (АA) and concomitant pulmonary pathology in the last 5 years is given. Group I included 14 patients diagnosed with AA with concomitant pulmonary pathology who underwent open appendectomy, and II — 32 patients with a diagnosis of AA with concomitant pulmonary pathology, who underwent laparoscopic appendectomy with the imposition of pneumoperitoneum and metaphormia.
Result. The evaluation of the treatment of 32 patients (84.8 %) with concomitant pulmonary pathology performed by LA, which allowed to dramatically reduce the number of complications from the abdominal organs, as well as to reduce the frequency of decompensation of concomitant pulmonary pathologies.
Conclusions. Performing a laparolifting laparoscopic appendectomy is the optimal method for patients at high risk for cardiopulmonary disease.
CLINICAL VICORISTAN DECASANU PID HOUR WINDOW OPERATION ON THE AUTHORITIES OF THE CERVENOE EMPTY
Authors: Boyko V. V. , Zamyatin P. M. , Savvі S. O. , Zamyatin D. P. , Voskresenska N. M. 
Published: July 2020

Summary. The article presents the data of local application of a 0.02 % decasan solution in patients with traditional «open» obviously clean planned surgical interventions on the gastrointestinal tract without perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis.
Objective: to provide intraoperative protection of traditional “open” clean planned surgical interventions and to achieve the prevention of purulent-inflammatory complications through local clinical use of decasan without perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis.
Materials and methods. The study involved 63 patients who were treated at the clinic of the State Institution «Institute of General and Emergency Surgery named after V. T. Zaitsev NAMS of Ukraine» and operated in a planned manner regarding umbilical and inguinal hernia. He performed the traditional «open» clean surgical interventions — hernioplasty. All patients participating in the study were divided into two groups. The main group consisted of 29 (46.1 %) people who, for the purpose of intraoperative protection of the performed interventions, were locally irrigated with the cavity of the surgical wound and suture line with a solution of universal antiseptic decasan, 1 ml of which contains 0.2 mg of decamethoxin, without perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis. The comparison group consisted of 34 (53.9 %) people who underwent antibiotic prophylaxis with parenteral administration of 1.0 g cefipime during the perioperative period.
Results. When conducting a preliminary bacteriological study of smears performed intraoperatively in patients in the group with clinical use of decasan by soaking all the walls of the surgical wounds (initial data before treatment with the drug), the absence of pathological microflora growth was revealed.
Conclusions. It is concluded that the local clinical use of decasan in patients with gastrointestinal tract pathology when performing “open” obviously clean planned surgical interventions fully ensures their adequate intraoperative protection without perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis.
DIFFERENTIATED TREATMENT TACTICS IN PATIENTS WITH RECTAL FOREIGN BODIES
Authors: Shevchenko V. P. , Shevchenko V. V. , Kobiletsky M. M. , Kobiletsky S. M. , Pyatikop H. I. , Kravets O. V. , Bratushka V. O. , Shymko V. V. , Myslovsky I. A. , Gresko I. J. 
Published: July 2020

Summary. Patients with rectal foreign body (RFB) are quite rare in the practice of emergency surgeons. There are different techniques for deleting RFB depending on the features of the object being entered. There is still no standardized protocol for the surgical treatment of such patients.
Aim. To analyze the immediate and long-term results of treatment of patients with RFB. Introduce differentiated therapeutic tactics into the practice of urgent surgeons depending on the characteristics of the foreign body and the presence of complications.
Materials and research methods. Three patients with RFB were treated in the surgical department of SRCH during 2018-2019. Their average age was (38 ± 3.6) years. The algorithm of the examination consisted of a physical examination, a rectal finger examination, a radiological and a laboratory examination.
Results and discussion. In two of the patients, the cause of RFB was sexual abuse, and in the third, violent acts. Removed objects: dildo, metal deodorant bottle and glass beaker. RFB in all individuals was diagnosed with a finger rectal examination. In one patient with RFB was removed under local anesthesia, and in two patients used general anesthesia with muscle relaxants. In one case, an attempt to remove RFB was successful, in the other, a laparotomy, colotomy, and preventive sigmostomy were required.
Conclusions. Patients with RFB need differentiated therapeutic tactics. In most patients, it is possible to remove it in a conservative way, peranally, using local anesthesia or endotracheal narcosis with muscle relaxants. For large, tightly clamped objects that cannot be removed conservatively indicated open laparotomy, colotomy.