bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Methylphenidate in children with monogenic obesity due to LEPR or MC4R deficiency improves feeling of satiety and reduces BMI‐SDS—A case series
Authors: Brandt Stephanie , von Schnurbein Julia , Lennerz Belinda , Kohlsdorf Katja , Vollbach Heike , Denzer Christian , Bode Harald , Hebebrand Johannes , Wabitsch Martin 
Published: October 2019

SummaryBackgroundThe clinical phenotype of patients with monogenic obesity due to mutations in the leptin receptor (LEPR) or melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) gene is characterized by impaired satiety and hyperphagia, leading to extreme, sometimes life‐threatening weight gain.Subjects/methodsIn a case series, we analysed the effect of an off‐label methylphenidate (MPH) use for 1 year as an individual treatment approach on eating behaviour (Child Eating Behaviour Questionnaire [CEBQ]), appetite (visual analogue scales) and body mass index (BMI) trajectories in five patients with severe obesity due to mutations in the LEPR (n = 3) or MC4R (n = 2) gene.ResultsAfter 1 year use of MPH (20 mg/day divided in two to three doses), BMI (Δ BMIT0−T1
: −0.7 ± 0.9 kg/m2), BMI standard deviation score (SDS) (Δ BMI‐SDST0−T1
: −0.32 ± 0.20), and %BMIP95 (Δ %BMIP95T0−T1
: −6.6 ± 7.8%) decreased. BMI‐SDS velocity decreased from +0.17 ± 0.22 to −0.30 ± 0.20. Appetite and CEBQ subscale scores for “food responsiveness” and “enjoyment of food” decreased. We observed adverse effects with increase in self‐reported frequency of disordered sleep, nervousness, hyperactivity, and tics.ConclusionsThe observed decrease in BMI trajectories with MPH use for one year is clinically meaningful in this group of patients, since the natural course would have been associated with a pronounced increase in BMI, leading to comorbidities and complications over time.
Tissue‐resident innate immunity in the lung
Authors: Ardain Amanda , Marakalala Mohlopheni J. , Leslie Alasdair 
Published: October 2019

SummaryThe lung is a unique organ that must protect against inhaled pathogens and toxins, without mounting a disproportionate response against harmless particulate matter and without compromising its vital function. Tissue‐resident immune cells within the lung provide local immunity and protection from infection but are also responsible for causing disease when dysregulated. There is a growing appreciation of the importance of tissue‐resident memory T cells to lung immunity, but non‐recirculating, tissue‐resident, innate immune cells also exist. These cells provide the first line of defence against pulmonary infection and are essential for co‐ordinating the subsequent adaptive response. In this review, we discuss the main lung‐resident innate immune subsets and their functions in common pulmonary diseases, such as influenza, bacterial pneumonia, asthma and inflammatory disorders.
The role of Toll‐like receptor 10 in modulation of trained immunity
Authors: Mourits Vera P. , Arts Rob J.W. , Novakovic Boris , Matzaraki Vasiliki , de Bree L. Charlotte J. , Koeken Valerie A.C.M. , Moorlag Simone J.C.F.M. , van Puffelen Jelmer H. , Groh Laszlo , van der Heijden Charlotte D.C.C. , Keating Sam T. , Netea Mihai G. , Oosting Marije , Joosten Leo A.B. 
Published: October 2019

SummaryToll‐like receptor 10 (TLR10) is the only member of the human Toll‐like receptor family with an inhibitory function on the induction of innate immune responses and inflammation. However, its role in the modulation of trained immunity (innate immune memory) is unknown. In the present study, we assessed whether TLR10 modulates the induction of trained immunity induced by β‐glucan or bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG). Interleukin 10 receptor antagonist production was increased upon activation of TLR10 ex vivo after BCG vaccination, and TLR10 protein expression on monocytes was increased after BCG vaccination, whereas anti‐TLR10 antibodies did not significantly modulate β‐glucan or BCG‐induced trained immunity in vitro. A known immunomodulatory TLR10 missense single‐nucleotide polymorphism (rs11096957) influenced trained immunity responses by β‐glucan or BCG in vitro. However, the in vivo induction of trained immunity by BCG vaccination was not influenced by TLR10 polymorphisms. In conclusion, TLR10 has a limited, non‐essential impact on the induction of trained immunity in humans.
Wound closure by means of free flap and arteriovenous loop: Development of flap autonomy in the long‐term follow‐up
Authors: Rother Ulrich , Müller‐Mohnssen Helena , Lang Werner , Ludolph Ingo , Arkudas Andreas , Horch Raymund E. , Regus Susanne , Meyer Alexander 
Published: October 2019

AbstractFree flaps in combination with arterial reconstruction by means of arteriovenous loops or bypass have, meanwhile, been established as a therapeutic option in defect reconstruction for areas without recipient vessels. Our aim was to analyse the long‐term performance, flap autonomy, and the flap perfusion. Patients receiving this combined reconstruction at a single‐centre institution were included. During follow‐up examination, the patency of arterial reconstruction was investigated by duplex ultrasound. Flap micro‐circulation was assessed by laser Doppler flowmetry and white light tissue spectrometry (O2C) as well as by indocyanine green fluorescence angiography. Twenty‐three patients could be clinically followed up. Duplex ultrasound showed, in four cases, arterial pedicle occlusion in spite of vital flap. Comparison of the O2C perfusion parameters between flaps with occluded pedicles and those with intact inflow showed no significant difference (parameters sO2: P = .82; Flow: P = .31). Similar results were obtained by fluorescence angiography; no significant difference could be detected between both groups (parameters Ingress P = .13; Ingressrate P = .54). Combined vascular reconstruction with free tissue transfer is associated with a good long‐term outcome and wound closure. Even after flap transplantation to areas with critical tissue perfusion, the flap can develop autonomy and thus survive after pedicle occlusion.
Designing effective professional development for technology integration in schools
Authors: Yurtseven Avci Zeynep , O'Dwyer Laura M. , Lawson Jordan 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis study aims to explore the critical factors for effective professional development (PD) activities to support teachers' technology integration and suggests a design model: flipped PD. The following questions are investigated: What are the core features of effective teacher PD, what are the implications of core features in effective technology integration PD, and what are the best practices for designing a flipped PD model for preparing teachers to integrate technology into their classrooms? First, we discuss the core features of effective teacher PD: content focus, active learning, coherence, duration, collective participation, and the role of context. Second, we explore design factors in recent technology integration PD studies: learner centred, relevance and reflection, evidence of student learning, support and follow‐up, student voice, and initial implementation with teacher leaders. Finally, we present a discussion of our recommendations for a flipped model for technology integration PD.
Different effects of additional ganglion plexus ablation on catheter and surgical ablation for atrial fibrillation: a systemic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Yan Fangbing , Zhao Shuyan , Wu Wenchao , Xie Zhuxinyue , Guo Qiuzhe 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe effect of ganglion plexus (GP) ablation in addition to pulmonary veins isolation (PVI) for atrial fibrillation (AF) remained controversial between the catheter and surgical‐based studies. Eleven studies (five randomized controlled trials and six nonrandomized studies) of 1750 patients were included in a meta‐analysis to elucidate the incremental benefit of additional GP ablation in patients undergoing catheter or surgical ablation. Risk ratios were calculated for freedom from AF or AT recurrence after a single procedure. Additional GP ablation was associated with a better rhythm outcome for patients undergone catheter ablation but did not seem to increase freedom from AF/AT for surgical patients. Both paroxysmal and non‐paroxysmal AF showed a positive outcome comparing additional GP ablation with PVI alone.
Knockdown of long non‐coding RNA LINC00176 suppresses ovarian cancer progression by BCL3‐mediated down‐regulation of ceruloplasmin
Authors: Dai Lan , Niu Jixiang , Feng Yanli 
Published: October 2019

AbstractOvarian cancer is a common malignancy among women with some clinically approved diagnostic coding gene biomarkers. However, long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been indicated to play an important role in controlling tumorigenesis of ovarian cancer. Hereby, the aim of the study was to uncover the function of lncRNA LINC00176 in the development and progression of ovarian cancer by regulating ceruloplasmin (CP). Bioinformatics prediction in combination with RT‐qPCR analysis for the expression pattern of LINC00176 revealed that LINC00176 was highly expressed in ovarian cancer tissues as well as in ovarian cancer cell lines, respectively. LINC00176 was predominantly localized in the nucleus. Delivery of si‐LINC00176, oe‐LINC00176, si‐BCL3 and si‐CP plasmids was conducted to explore the effects of LINC00176 on ovarian cancer. Promoted proliferation, migration and invasion along with reduced apoptosis were observed in cells treated with oe‐LINC00176, while si‐BCL3 and si‐CP were able to block the promoting effects. Investigations with regard to the correlation between LINC00176 and promoter region of CP turned out to be positive via B‐cell CLL/lymphoma 3 (BCL3) by means of dual‐luciferase reporter gene assay, ChIP and RIP assays. Furthermore, oncogenic properties of the LINC00176/BCL3/CP axis were also demonstrated by tumour formation in vivo generated upon injecting cells in nude mice. Our results demonstrate that restored LINC00176 initiates tumorigenesis in ovarian cancer by increasing CP expression via recruiting BCL3, the mechanism of which represented a potential and promising therapeutic target for the disease.
Examining effects of parent warmth and control on internalizing behavior clusters from age 8 to 12 in 12 cultural groups in nine countries
Authors: Rothenberg W. Andrew , Lansford Jennifer E. , Al‐Hassan Suha M. , Bacchini Dario , Bornstein Marc H. , Chang Lei , Deater‐Deckard Kirby , Di Giunta Laura , Dodge Kenneth A. , Malone Patrick S. , Oburu Paul , Pastorelli Concetta , Skinner Ann T. , Sorbring Emma , Steinberg Laurence , Tapanya Sombat , Maria Uribe Tirado Liliana , Yotanyamaneewong Saengduean , Peña Alampay Liane 
Published: October 2019

BackgroundStudies of U.S. and European samples demonstrate that parental warmth and behavioral control predict child internalizing behaviors and vice versa. However, these patterns have not been researched in other cultures. This study investigates associations between parent warmth and control and three child‐reported internalizing behavior clusters to examine this question.MethodsData from 12 cultural groups in 9 countries were used to investigate prospective bidirectional associations between parental warmth and control, and three child‐reported internalizing behavior types: withdrawn/depressed, anxious/depressed, and somatic problems. Multiple‐group structural equation modeling was used to analyze associations in children followed from ages 8 to 12.ResultsParent warmth and control effects were most pervasive on child‐reported withdrawn/depressed problems, somewhat pervasive on anxious/depressed problems and least pervasive on somatic problems. Additionally, parental warmth, as opposed to control, was more consistently associated with child‐reported internalizing problems across behavior clusters. Child internalizing behavior effects on parental warmth and control appeared ubiquitously across cultures, and behaviors, but were limited to ages 8–10. Most effects were pancultural, but culture‐specific effects emerged at ages 9–10 involving the associations between parent warmth and withdrawn/depressed and somatic behaviors.ConclusionsEffects of parent warmth and control appear stronger on some types of child‐reported internalizing behaviors. Associations are especially strong with regard to parental warmth across cultures, and culture‐specific effects may be accounted for by cultural normativeness of parent warmth and child‐reported somatic symptoms. Child internalizing behavior effects on subsequent parenting are common across cultures.
Identification of tea varieties by mid‐infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy coupled with a possibilistic fuzzy c‐means clustering with a fuzzy covariance matrix
Authors: Wu Xiaohong , Zhou Jing , Wu Bin , Sun Jun , Dai Chunxia 
Published: October 2019

AbstractMid‐infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy was used to rapidly and nondestructively identify tea varieties together with the proposed possibilistic fuzzy c‐means (PFCM) clustering with a fuzzy covariance matrix. The mid‐infrared diffuse reflectance spectra of 96 tea samples with three different varieties (Emeishan Maofeng, Level 1, and Level 6 Leshan trimeresurus) were acquired using the FTIR‐7600 infrared spectrometer. First, multiplicative scatter correction was implemented to pretreat the spectral data. Second, principal component analysis was employed to compress the mid‐infrared diffuse reflectance spectral data after preprocessing. Third, linear discriminant analysis was utilized for extracting the identification information required by the fuzzy clustering algorithms. Ultimately, the fuzzy c‐means (FCM) clustering, the allied fuzzy c‐means (AFCM) clustering, the PFCM clustering, and the PFCM clustering with a fuzzy covariance matrix were used to cluster the processed spectral data, respectively. The highest identification accuracy of the PFCM clustering with a fuzzy covariance matrix reached at 100% compared with those of FCM (96.7%), AFCM (94.9%), PFCM (96.3%), and partial least squares discrimination analysis (PLS‐DA) algorithm (33.3%). It is sufficiently demonstrated that the mid‐infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy coupled with the PFCM clustering with a fuzzy covariance matrix was a valid method for identifying tea varieties.Practical applicationsThe variety of tea is vitally important to evaluate tea quality in the tea market. Mid‐infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy is deemed to be a convenient, rapid, accurate, and nondestructive detection technology in comparison with the traditional methods. In this article, the proposed PFCM clustering with a fuzzy covariance matrix coupled with mid‐infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy can be used to determine tea varieties quickly and correctly. The experimental results indicate the application potential in tea quality examination and fake tea products discrimination.
Visualization of intervertebral disc degeneration in a cadaveric human lumbar spine using microcomputed tomography
Authors: Senck Sascha , Trieb Klemens , Kastner Johann , Hofstaetter Stefan G. , Lugmayr Herbert , Windisch Gunther 
Published: October 2019

AbstractGross features of disc degeneration (DD) that are associated with back pain include tears in the anulus fibrosus, structural changes of the endplates, and a collapse of the anulus. The aim of this study is the detailed visualization and microstructural characterization of DD using microcomputed tomography (μCT) and a dedicated image post‐processing pipeline. In detail, we investigate a cadaveric spine that shows both types of DD between L1 and L2 and between L2 and L3, respectively. The lumbar spine was obtained from a male donor aged 74 years. The complete specimen was scanned using μCT with an isometric voxel size of 93 μm. Subsequently, regions of interest (ROI) were prepared featuring each complete intervertebral disc including the adjacent endplates. ROIs were then additionally scanned with a voxel size of 35 μm and by means of magnetic resonance imaging. The collapsed endplate of the superior L2 showed explicit signs of an endplate‐driven degeneration, including bony endplate failures. In contrast, the intervertebral disc between L2 and L3 showed indications of an annulus‐driven DD including severe disc height loss and concentric tears. Using μCT we were able to visualize and quantify bone and cartilage features in DD. We showed that in both cases a suite of structural changes accompanies cartilage degeneration, including microstructural bony adaptions to counteract changes in the biomechanical loading regimen.
When the light shines too much: Rational inattention and pandering
Authors: Trombetta Federico 
Published: October 2019

AbstractShould voters always pay attention to politics? I explore the role of endogenous costly attention allocation in politics, combining insights from the growing literature on rational inattention with a standard model of political agency. I show that when attention to the action of the politician is endogenous, voters may choose to pay too much attention in equilibrium, and this induces too much political pandering. Moreover when attention to the action and to the state of the world are both endogenous, voters may not pay enough attention the state with respect to the ex ante optimum. A reduction in the total cost of attention does not correct this inefficiency and can even reduce welfare. This model can be a demand‐driven explanation of the under‐provision of analytical contents by news channels.
Trends in non‐traumatic dental emergency department use in New York and New Jersey: a look at Medicaid expansion from both sides of the Hudson River
Authors: Laniado Nadia , Brow Avery R. , Tranby Eric , Badner Victor M. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to examine the effect of Medicaid expansion on non‐traumatic dental condition (NTDC) emergency department visits in New York (NY) and New Jersey (NJ).MethodsThe 2010–2014 State Emergency Department Databases for NY and NJ were analyzed. NTDCs were defined as ICD‐9‐CM codes 520.0–529.9. Primary payers for ED discharges and patient's race were considered.ResultsIn NY, from 2010 to 2011, there was a 51 percent decrease in private insurance and a 91 percent increase in Medicaid for NTDCs. In NJ, with the 2014 expansion, NTDCs fell 35 percent for uninsured and rose 57 percent for Medicaid. Black individuals have by far the highest population rates of NTDC ED visits, particularly in NJ.ConclusionsThe experiences in NY and NJ suggest that the timing of expansion had significant effects on payer distribution for NTDCs. Racial disparities continue exist with black individuals disproportionately accessing EDs for NTDCs.
Evaluation of the therapeutic efficacy of rumen transfaunation
Authors: Steiner Simone , Linhart Nina , Neidl Anita , Baumgartner Walter , Tichy Alexander , Wittek Thomas 
Published: October 2019

AbstractTransfaunation is supposed to stimulate normal rumen function and has been used as an ancillary treatment for indigestion. Although it is widely recommended, there are little research data on the efficacy and the necessary volume.The objective of the prospective clinical trial was the evaluation of the therapeutic efficacy of two different transfaunation volumes which can be obtained under practical conditions.Forty‐five cattle suffering from indigestion were included in the study. A scoring system for the classification of rumen fluid was used. Scores were given in accordance with the importance of the parameter as an indication of microbial dysfunction. Animals with disturbed rumen fluid composition and activity were randomly assigned into 3 groups. Group 1 received 1 L of rumen fluid, group 2 received 5 L of rumen fluid and group 3 (control group) received 5 L of body temperature water. Rumen fluid analysis was repeated on days 1 and 4 after transfaunation. The feed intake of the animals was recorded.After the transfaunation of 1 L and 5 L, the rumen fluid score improved significantly from day 0 to days 1 and 4. Rumen fluid samples in the control group showed no significant improvement from day 0 to day 1.No significant differences were observed between the two treatment groups. But significant differences between the improvement of group 1 and the control group on days 1 and 4 and significant differences between group 2 and the control group on day 1 were detected. Small volumes of rumen fluid are easily obtainable by stomach tubes fitted with suction pumps. In summary, the transfaunation of as little as 1 L of rumen fluid caused significant improvement in the activity of rumen flora in cows suffering from indigestion.
Personal characteristics, coping strategies, and resilience impact on compassion fatigue in critical care nurses: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Alharbi Jalal , Jackson Debra , Usher Kim 
Published: October 2019

AbstractCompassion fatigue is known to impact the well‐being of nurses and patient safety outcomes. Currently, there is limited academic understanding of the role of demographic factors in contributing to compassion fatigue in critical care nurses. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between nurse demographic characteristics and the development of compassion fatigue, as indicated by level of burnout and compassion satisfaction in critical care nurses in Saudi Arabia. The cross‐sectional study design included administering three surveys to critical care nurses (n = 321) in four Saudi public hospitals to examine the nurse demographic variables in relation to compassion fatigue, the compassion fatigue coping strategies of nurses, and nurse resilience. The results show both demographic and workplace structural elements, such as length of work shift, education level, and nationality, were all significant factors in resilience to compassion fatigue among Saudi critical care nurses, whereas factors of age and sex were not significant. This study concludes that the demographic characteristics of critical care nurses enable the identification of levels of compassion fatigue and compassion satisfaction, and their resilience to the effects of compassion fatigue.
Elk Heads at Sea: Maritime Hunters and Long‐Distance Boat Journeys in Late Stone Age Fennoscandia
Authors: Schulz Paulsson Bettina , Isendahl Christian , Frykman Markurth Fredrik 
Published: October 2019

SummaryTumlehed is the most well‐preserved and complex prehistoric rock painting in the coastal region of south‐west Sweden. Originally reported and described in 1974, we re‐documented the panel using digital and IR photography, DStretch image enhancement software, and non‐destructive PXRF spectroscopy. This re‐documentation revealed a more complex image inventory with several previously unknown motifs and image details. The new data provide a better basis for identifying motif categories, the organization of the panel, the chronological sequence, and different frequentation periods. We report on the only known boats with an elk‐head stem in southern and western Scandinavian rock art, the emergence of rock art boat depictions in the region, and evidence for long‐distance maritime journeys and sea‐mammal hunting in the later Stone Age. Comparisons to similar images with shoreline data in Fennoscandia narrow the time range for the date of the painting to 4200–2500 BC.
Complete resolution of primary cutaneous marginal zone B‐cell lymphoma on the cheek of a 7‐year‐old boy with intralesional triamcinolone and tincture of time
Authors: Skaljic Meliha , Cotton Colleen H. , Reilly Anne F. , Pillai Vinodh , Perman Marissa J. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractA 7‐year‐old healthy boy presented with an asymptomatic smooth, firm red plaque on the cheek. Histopathology, immunostaining, molecular testing and imaging confirmed a diagnosis of a primary cutaneous marginal zone B‐cell lymphoma. The lesion was treated with intralesional triamcinolone, with complete clinical resolution achieved within one year. Intralesional steroid injection is an effective first‐line modality for the treatment of patients with limited disease in cosmetically sensitive areas.