bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fuzzy neural network analysis on the compacted graphite iron with improved tensile and heat transport properties
Authors: Wang G. , Chen X. , Xu D. , Li Y. , Liu Z. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn order to find out the most effective method for developing compacted graphite iron with a combination of high tensile strength, ductility and thermal conductivity, the superposed structural effects were investigated by experimental results and the relative significances were ranked on the basis of fuzzy neural network model. The concerned structural parameters consisted of graphite content, vermicularity and microhardness of the matrix. It was found that the relationships between properties and structural parameters become complex due to the mutual disturbances of various characteristics. Irregular and compossible corrections were both observed. The sensitivity level suggested that low microhardness of the matrix and low vermicularity are the optimal directions for improving simultaneously the tensile strength, thermal conductivity and elongation of compacted graphite iron.
Vibro‐acoustic analysis of a post‐impacted woven composite panel
Authors: Sen O. , Yetmez M. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn this study, vibro‐acoustic behavior of centrally damaged woven carbon composite panels is investigated experimentally. For this purpose, evaluations are considered by the followings: (i) ballistic impact measurements are completed regarding with two different shooting distance, (ii) ballistic impact measurements with three different projectiles are obtained, (iii) vibration and vibro‐acoustic tests are performed to present the vibration characteristics of the post‐impacted woven composite panels. Effects of shooting distance and projectile on modal and sound characteristics are examined. Results are given in tabular and graphical forms.
Photodynamic inactivation of antibiotic‐resistant Gram‐positive bacteria: Challenges and opportunities
Authors: Malik Zvi 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe growing numbers of pathogenic bacteria acquiring multidrug resistance are posing the challenges to develop novel therapeutic approaches. Photodynamic bacterial inactivation assaults multiple subcellular targets of pathogenic bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus, with low tendency to induce further resistance. A wide range of aPDI photosensitizers were investigated for localized infections, including endogenous porphyrins and encapsulated sensitizers in nanoparticles. This mini review presents the concepts of aPDI, a field consisting of more than 3000 research articles published over 30 years. Mutated PBP membrane enzymes of multiantibiotic resistant S. aureus are plausible targets of aPDI. Synergistic aPDI using simultaneously DP, light irradiation and the antibiotic oxacillin, was recently described, eliminating temporarily oxacillin resistance. Additive antimicrobial effects were achieved with DP‐aPDI combined with additional classes of antibiotics. We propose that mutual aPDI adjuvant with antibiotics or other toxic molecules is opening a new therapeutic window for topical life‐threatening infections, without induction of further resistance.
Erratum zu: Demenzsensibilität in Akutkrankenhäusern
Authors: Kirchen-Peters Sabine , Krupp Elisabeth 
Published: February 2020

Erratum zu:ZGerontol Geriat 2019https://doi.org/10.1007/s00391-019-01631-2Der Artikel „Demenzsensibilität in Akutkrankenhäusern“ von Sabine Kirchen-Peters und Elisabeth Krupp wurde ursprünglich am 18.10.2019 ohne „open access“ online auf der Internetplattform des Verlags publiziert. Die …
Wohn- und Hausgemeinschaften in stationären und ambulanten Settings
Authors: Steiner Barbara 
Published: February 2020

ZusammenfassungHintergrund und FragestellungAmbulante und stationäre Wohn- und Hausgemeinschaften unterscheiden sich von klassisch stationären Angeboten durch eine Orientierung an der Autonomie der Bewohner*innen und die Normalität von Wohnen und Alltag in der Häuslichkeit. Der konzeptionelle Rahmen, hier als unterstütztes Wohnen (UW) gefasst, zeichnet sich durch eine Wohnumwelt, das Führen eines eigenen Haushalts, Kleinräumigkeit und Überschaubarkeit aus. Personelle Präsenz in neuem Personalmix stützt Qualitäten wie soziale Teilhabe, sinnvolle Tätigkeit und funktionale Unterstützung. Die Studie untersucht, wie sich dieser Bezugsrahmen auf die Lebensqualität der Bewohnerschaft auswirkt, und reflektiert die Perspektiven für die weitere Entwicklung von Wohnoptionen.Material und MethodeIm Zeitraum von 9 Monaten (2006–2007) wurden 8 Wohn- bzw. Hausgemeinschaften mit 73 Bewohner*innen und ein klassischer Pflegeheimbereich mit 18 Bewohner*innen in den Dimensionen Verhaltenskompetenz, subjektives Wohlbefinden, wahrgenommene Lebensqualität und objektive Umwelt untersucht. Es kamen multidimensionale personen- und umweltbezogene Instrumente zur Anwendung; zu organisationsspezifischen Fragen wurden qualitative Interviews durchgeführt.ErgebnisseIn den Haus- und Wohngemeinschaften des UW sind ungeachtet einer formal stationären oder ambulanten Einordnung bei den Bewohner*innen signifikant höhere Wohlbefindenswerte und signifikant weniger agitierte, herausfordernde Verhaltensweisen als im Pflegeheim zu beobachten. Insbesondere Menschen mit Demenz profitieren von der spezifischen Qualität des UW, das sich in wesentlichen Dimensionen abbildet.SchlussfolgerungDie Befunde geben Hinweise dafür, dass das UW ein Konzept darstellt, das Basis für neue Wohnangebote und eine neue Versorgungsinfrastruktur sein kann. Es bietet gute Anknüpfungspunkte an das Leitprinzip der geteilten Verantwortung.
Influence of a Planning Intervention on Physical Activity Behavior: the Moderating Role of Intentions and Executive Functions in a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Pfeffer Ines , Strobach Tilo 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Planning and executive functions (EFs; inhibition, updating, shifting) are self-regulatory variables that help people to become and stay physically active. The aim of this study was to examine how and for whom a planning intervention affects physical activity (PA) behavior in the short term. Therefore, the mediating role of planning and the moderating role of intentions and EFs for the planning–behavior link were examined.

Method
In a randomized control trial with two treatment groups (planning group vs. control group) and two points of measurement (t1 and t2, 1 week apart), n = 200 students participated in both measurements. At t1, participants filled in standardized questionnaires assessing PA behavior, intention, and planning. Computer-based tests assessed the following EFs: inhibition, updating, and shifting. At t2, planning and PA behavior were measured again. Moderated mediation analyses were conducted.

Results
A significant increase in PA between t1 and t2 was found for the planning group compared with the control group. Furthermore, planning cognitions significantly mediated the effect of the planning group on behavior and intention, as well as the EF updating moderated the association between planning and behavior. Forming plans was particularly beneficial for participants with high intentions and lower updating performance.

Conclusion
Planning enhances PA behavior, particularly when PA intention is high. Poor performance in updating can be compensated by planning since encouraging people to generate plans might facilitate automatic enactment of the behavior.
A Numerical Stream Transport Modeling Approach Including Multiple Conceptualizations of Hyporheic Exchange and Spatial Variability to Assess Contaminant Removal
Authors: McCallum James L. , Höhne Anja , Schaper Jonas L. , Shanafield Margaret , Banks Edward W. , Posselt Malte , Batelaan Okke , Lewandowski Jörg 
Published: February 2020

AbstractUnderstanding the mechanisms and controls on contaminant removal in streams is essential in managing human and ecosystem health. The hyporheic zone (HZ) plays a key role in the removal of contaminants from streams. Often, tracer tests are implemented in conjunction with measurements of compounds to assess the removal rates of contaminants in streams. The predicted removal rates largely rely on the estimated hyporheic residence time, and hence, the chosen conceptual model of hyporheic exchange flows (HEFs) will influence the predicted removal rate. Despite this, different HEF models are generally not considered when assessing contaminant removal rates. In this paper, we present a numerical modeling approach for interpreting tracer tests to determine contaminant removal rates that allows for multiple conceptual models of HEF to be considered. We demonstrate this method by interpreting data from a conservative tracer test in conjunction with grab samples of trace organic compounds using two commonly used models of HEF: one that assumes first‐order exchange between the stream and the HZ and one that considers a power law weighting of first‐order exchange coefficients. For the three degrading compounds measured, guanylurea, valsartan, and diclofenac, we observed that the power law model consistently predicted higher removal rates in the stream compared to the first‐order model. Variations were also observed between the removal rates estimated in the HZ. Our results highlight the importance of considering multiple conceptualizations of the HEF when assessing contaminant removal rates.
A Solution for Mixing‐Limited Equilibrium Reactions in Idealized Radial Flow
Authors: Ali Ahmed A. , Gurung Deviyani , Ginn Timothy R. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAnalytical solutions of field‐scale reactive transport are needed for testing numerical codes and for design of injection‐based remediation schemes. Aquifer injection via a well induces a reaction zone limited to the mixing fringe between injected and ambient solutions, and thus a mixing‐limited reactive transport. Here we develop a quasi‐analytical model for multicomponent equilibrium reactive transport in idealized 2‐D radial flow in a homogeneous aquifer. We combine a classical model of the dynamics of the mixing zone geometry with a scalar dissipation representation of the mixing‐limited reaction to develop a quasi‐analytical solution for reaction extent. Our formulation accommodates the spatial variation of the hydrodynamic dispersion coefficient in a radial flow. This scenario is investigated first for a single bimolecular equilibrium reaction and then extended to multiple equilibrium reactions. The results compare well to explicit numerical simulation. Finally, we provide again a quasi‐analytical solution for the case where dispersive spreading is not contemporaneous with mixing, treated via a mobile‐mobile irreversible mass transfer from unmixed to mixed phases following Ginn (2018, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017WR022120).
A novel anti-HER2 antibody GB235 reverses Trastuzumab resistance in HER2-expressing tumor cells in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Shu Mengjun , Yan Hongbin , Xu Chuanying , Wu Yan , Chi Zhaohua , Nian Weihong , He Zhuzi , Xiao Jing , Wei Hongli , Zhou Qing , Zhou Joe X. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractHER2 overexpression is frequently associated with tumor metastasis and poor prognosis of breast cancer. More evidence indicates that HER3 is involved in HER2-resistant therapies. Combination treatments with two or more different monoclonal antibodies are a promising strategy to overcome resistance to HER2 therapies. We presented a novel fully human HER2-targeted monoclonal antibody, GB235, screened from a phage-display library against the HER2 antigen. GB235 in combination with Trastuzumab overcomes resistance in HER2-positive tumors and results in more sustained inhibition of tumor growth over time. The competition binding assay showed that the epitopes of GB235 do not overlap with those of Pertuzumab and Trastuzumab on HER2. Further HER2 mutagenesis results revealed that the binding epitopes of GB235 were located in the domain III of HER2. The mechanism of action of GB235 in blocking HER2-driven tumors is different from the mechanisms of Trastuzumab or Pertuzumab. GB235 does not affect the heterodimerization of HER2 and HER3, whereas the GB235 combined treatment with Trastuzumab significantly inhibited heregulin-induced HER3 phosphorylation and downstream signaling. Moreover, GB235 in combination with Trastuzumab reversed the resistance to heregulin-induced proliferation in HER2-overexpressing cancer cell lines. GB235 combined with Trastuzumab treatment in xenograft models resulted in improved antitumor activity. Complete tumor suppression was observed in the HER2-positive NCI-N87 xenograft model treated with the combination treatment with GB235 and Trastuzumab. In a Trastuzumab-resistant patient-derived tumor xenograft model GA0060, GB235 plus Trastuzumab reversed the resistance to Trastuzumab monotherapy. Because GB235 showed a different working mechanism with Pertuzumab and Trastuzumab, these agents can be considered complementary therapy against HER2 overexpression tumors.
Novel Pharmacological Targets for Combat PTSD—Metabolism, Inflammation, The Gut Microbiome, and Mitochondrial Dysfunction
Authors: Bersani F Saverio , Mellon Synthia H , Lindqvist Daniel , Kang Jee In , Rampersaud Ryan , Somvanshi Pramod Rajaram , Doyle Francis J , Hammamieh Rasha , Jett Marti , Yehuda Rachel , Marmar Charles R , Wolkowitz Owen M 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Current pharmacological treatments of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have limited efficacy. Although the diagnosis is based on psychopathological criteria, it is frequently accompanied by somatic comorbidities and perhaps “accelerated biological aging,” suggesting widespread physical concomitants. Such physiological comorbidities may affect core PTSD symptoms but are rarely the focus of therapeutic trials.

Methods
To elucidate the potential involvement of metabolism, inflammation, and mitochondrial function in PTSD, we integrate findings and mechanistic models from the DOD-sponsored “Systems Biology of PTSD Study” with previous data on these topics.

Results
Data implicate inter-linked dysregulations in metabolism, inflammation, mitochondrial function, and perhaps the gut microbiome in PTSD. Several inadequately tested targets of pharmacological intervention are proposed, including insulin sensitizers, lipid regulators, anti-inflammatories, and mitochondrial biogenesis modulators.

Conclusions
Systemic pathologies that are intricately involved in brain functioning and behavior may not only contribute to somatic comorbidities in PTSD, but may represent novel targets for treating core psychiatric symptoms.
Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound for Assessment of Local Hemodynamic Changes Following a Rodent Contusion Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Khaing Zin Z , Cates Lindsay N , Hyde Jeffrey , DeWees Dane M , Hammond Ryan , Bruce Matthew , Hofstetter Christoph P 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACTIntroductionSevere trauma to the spinal cord leads to a near complete loss of blood flow at the injury site along with significant hypoperfusion of adjacent tissues. Characterization and monitoring of local tissue hypoperfusion is currently not possible in clinical practice because available imaging techniques do not allow for assessment of blood flow with sufficient spatial and temporal resolutions. The objective of the current study was to determine whether ultrafast contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) imaging could be used to visualize and quantify acute hemodynamic changes in a rat traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) model.Materials and MethodsWe used novel ultrasound acquisition and processing methods that allowed for measurements of local tissue perfusion as well as for assessment of structural and functional integrity of spinal vasculature.ResultsCEUS imaging showed that traumatic SCI results in (1) an area with significant loss of perfusion, which increased during the first hour after injury, (2) structural alterations of the spinal cord vasculature, and (3) significant slowing of arterial blood flow velocities around the injury epicenter.ConclusionWe conclude that CEUS has the spatial and temporal sensitivity and resolution to visualize local tissue perfusion and vessel architecture, which maybe useful clinically to determine injury extent and severity in patients with SCI.
Augmented Reality Forward Damage Control Procedures for Nonsurgeons: A Feasibility Demonstration
Authors: Harris Tyler E , DeLellis Stephen F , Heneghan Jerry S , Buckman Robert F , Miller Geoffrey T , Magee J Harvey , Vasios William N , Nelson Kenneth J , Kane Shawn F , Choi Y Sammy 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIntroductionThis article presents an emerging capability to project damage control procedures far forward for situations where evacuation to a formal surgical team is delayed. Specifically, we demonstrate the plausibility of using a wearable augmented reality (AR) telestration device to guide a nonsurgeon through a damage control procedure.MethodsA stand-alone, low-profile, commercial-off-the-shelf wearable AR display was utilized by a remotely located surgeon to synchronously guide a nonsurgeon through proximal control of the distal external iliac artery on a surgical manikin. The manikin wound pattern was selected to simulate a rapidly exsanguinating junctional hemorrhage not controllable by nonsurgical means.ResultsThis capability demonstration displayed successful use of AR technology, telecommunication, and procedural training and guidance in a single test pilot. The assisted physician assistant was able to rapidly control the simulated external iliac artery injury on this model. The telestration system used was commercially available for use with available civilian cell phone, wireless and satellite networks, without the need for dedicated high-speed networks.ConclusionsA nonsurgeon, using a wearable commercial on-visual-axis telestration system, successfully performed a damage control procedure, demonstrating the plausibility of this approach.
Assessment of the Efficacy and Safety of a Novel, Low-Cost, Junctional Tourniquet in a Porcine Model of Hemorrhagic Shock
Authors: Nachman Dean , Dulce Dor , Wagnert-Avraham Linn , Gavish Lilach , Mark Noy , Gerrasi Rafi , Gertz S David , Eisenkraft Arik 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIntroductionCommercially available junctional tourniquets (JTQs) have several drawbacks. We developed a low-cost, compact, easy to apply JTQ. The aim of this study was to assess the tourniquets’ safety and efficacy in a swine model of controlled hemorrhage.Materials and MethodsFive pigs were subjected to controlled bleeding of 35% of their blood volume. Subsequently, the JTQ was applied to the inguinal area for 180 minutes. Afterwards, the tourniquet was removed for additional 60 minutes of follow up. During the study, blood flow to both hind limbs and blood samples for tissue damage markers were repeatedly assessed. Following sacrifice, injury to both inguinal areas was evaluated microscopically and macroscopically.ResultsAngiography demonstrated complete occlusion of femoral artery flow, which was restored following removal of the tourniquet. No gross signs of tissue damage were noticed. Histological analysis revealed mild necrosis and infiltration of inflammatory cells. Blood tests showed a mild increase in potassium and lactic acid levels throughout the protocol.ConclusionsThe tourniquet achieved effective arterial occlusion with minimal tissue damage, similar to reports of other JTQs. Subjected to further human trials, the tourniquet might be a suitable candidate for widespread frontline deployment because of its versatility, compactness, and affordable design.
IGREX for quantifying the impact of genetically regulated expression on phenotypes
Authors: Cai Mingxuan , Chen Lin S , Liu Jin , Yang Can 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBy leveraging existing GWAS and eQTL resources, transcriptome-wide association studies (TWAS) have achieved many successes in identifying trait-associations of genetically regulated expression (GREX) levels. TWAS analysis relies on the shared GREX variation across GWAS and the reference eQTL data, which depends on the cellular conditions of the eQTL data. Considering the increasing availability of eQTL data from different conditions and the often unknown trait-relevant cell/tissue-types, we propose a method and tool, IGREX, for precisely quantifying the proportion of phenotypic variation attributed to the GREX component. IGREX takes as input a reference eQTL panel and individual-level or summary-level GWAS data. Using eQTL data of 48 tissue types from the GTEx project as a reference panel, we evaluated the tissue-specific IGREX impact on a wide spectrum of phenotypes. We observed strong GREX effects on immune-related protein biomarkers. By incorporating trans-eQTLs and analyzing genetically regulated alternative splicing events, we evaluated new potential directions for TWAS analysis.
Influence of Patient Demographics and Surgical Characteristics on Pass Rates of Return-to-Activity Tests in Anterior Cruciate Ligament–Reconstructed Patients Before Physician Clearance
Authors: Norte Grant E. , Goetschius John W. , Slater Lindsay V. , Hart Joseph M. 
Published: February 2020

Objective:
To identify the frequency of passing return-to-activity tests after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) and to investigate the influence of patient-specific factors on pass rates. We hypothesized that isolated strength tests would be most difficult to pass and that graft type would be the most influential factor.

Design:
Cross-sectional.

Setting:
Laboratory.

Participants:
Eighty patients with a history of primary, unilateral ACLR, and 80 healthy controls participated.

Interventions:
Bilateral isokinetic strength, isometric strength, and single-leg hop tests were recorded during a single visit. The International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) Subjective Knee Evaluation measured subjective knee function, and the Tegner Activity Scale measured physical activity level.

Main Outcome Measures:
Pass rates were calculated for 3 thresholds of absolute between-limb asymmetry: 0% to 10%, 11% to 15%, and 16% to 20%. Pass rates were compared by sex (male and female), graft type (patellar and hamstrings), meniscal procedure (yes and no), physical activity level (</≥ median Tegner), and time from surgery (</≥ 6 months).

Results:
Isokinetic quadriceps strength was consistently most difficult to pass, whereas the 6-meter timed hop and crossover hop tests were easiest. Graft type had the greatest influence on pass rates (isometric quadriceps and hamstring strength, hamstrings-to-quadriceps ratio), followed by time from surgery (6-meter timed hop and crossover hop), physical activity (IKDC), and meniscal procedure (6-meter timed hop).

Conclusions:
Isokinetic quadriceps strength was the most difficult test to pass, and single-leg hop tests were the easiest. Patient-specific factors including graft type, time from surgery, physical activity level, and meniscal procedure may influence the ability to meet return-to-activity criterion after ACLR.