bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
X-ray Follow-up after Open Reduction Internal Fixation of Distal Forearm Fracture
Authors: Sjølander Henrik Johan , Jauffred Sune , Brix Michael , Gundtoft Per H. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background Following surgery, the standard regimen for fractures of the distal forearm includes radiographs taken 2-weeks postoperatively. However, it is unclear whether these radiographs have any therapeutic risks or benefits for patients.
Objective The purpose of this study is to determine the importance of radiographs taken 2-weeks after surgery on distal forearm fractures, especially if it leads to further operations, and to establish whether this practice should be continued.
Materials and Methods This is a retrospective cohort study of patients with a distal forearm fracture treated surgically with a volar locking plate at two university hospitals in Denmark. Standard aftercare at both departments is 2 weeks in a cast. Patients attend a 2-week follow-up, at which the cast is replaced with a removable orthosis and radiographs are taken. It was recorded whether these radiographs had resulted in any change of treatment in terms of further operations, prolonged immobilization, additional clinical follow-up, or additional diagnostic imaging.
Results A total of 613 patients were included in the study. The radiographs led to a change of standard treatment for 3.1% of the patients. A second operation was required by 1.0%; 0.5% were treated with prolonged immobilization, and 1.6% had additional outpatient follow-up due to the findings on the radiographs. Additional diagnostic imaging was performed on 1.9% of the patients.
Conclusion The radiographs taken at the 2-weeks follow-up resulted in a change of treatment in 3.1% of the cases. Given the low cost and minimal risk of radiographs of an extremity, we concluded that the benefits outweigh the costs of routine radiographs taken 2 weeks after surgical treatment of distal forearm fractures.
Evaluation of Panoramic Radiographs in Relation to the Mandibular Third Molar and to Incidental Findings in an Adult Population
Authors: Cederhag Josefine , Lundegren Nina , Alstergren Per , Shi Xie-Qi , Hellén-Halme Kristina 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectives The aim was to evaluate the characteristics of the mandibular third molars, especially in relation to the inferior alveolar nerve. Further aims were to investigate incidental findings in panoramic radiographs in an adult population, and to investigate image quality related to patient positioning.Materials and Methods From a previous study with 451 randomly selected adult participants who lived in Sweden, 442 panoramic radiographs from four dental public health clinics were used. The third molars’ characteristics and relation to inferior alveolar nerve were evaluated. Incidental findings and patient positioning were recorded.Statistical Analysis Frequency analysis was used to investigate the occurrence of all findings and their possible interconnections. Whether the patients’ age or gender had an impact or not was also analyzed.Results The third molars were erupted in vertical position among 73% regardless of age. When retained or semi-retained, they were most commonly in mesioangular positions. The inferior alveolar nerve was located inferior to the roots in 52%, whereas an overlapped position was most common if the third molar was retained (90%), semi-retained (83%) or the age was less than 30 years (66%). Common incidental findings were apical radiolucencies, idiopathic osteosclerosis, and tooth fragments. Suboptimal patient positioning was found in one-third of the radiographs.Conclusions Panoramic radiography is a useful method to evaluate third molar prior to surgical removal and may be the only image required. Most incidental findings on panoramic radiographs does not seem to require any further odontological management.
Anti-Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Encephalomyelitis and Extensive Longitudinal Transverse Myelitis Associated with Compound Heterozygous NLRP3 Missense Mutations in a Young Child
Authors: O'Sullivan Deirdre , Moore Michael , Byrne Susan , Reiff Andreas O. , Felsenstein Susanna 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAcute disseminated encephalomyelitis in association with extensive longitudinal transverse myelitis is reported in a young child with positive anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody with heterozygous NLRP3 missense mutations; p.(Arg488Lys) and p.(Ser159Ile). This case may well present an exceptional coincidence, but may describe a yet unrecognized feature of the spectrum of childhood onset cryopyrinopathies that contribute to the understanding of the genetic basis for anti-MOG antibody positive encephalomyelitis. Based on this observation, a larger scale study investigating the role of NLRP3 and other inflammasomes in this entity would provide important pathophysiological insights and potentially novel avenues for treatment.
Association of Personal Protective Equipment with De Novo Headaches in Frontline Healthcare Workers during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Zaheer Rumeesha , Khan Maheen , Tanveer Ahmed , Farooq Amal , Khurshid Zohaib 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to determine the association of personal protective equipment (PPE) usage with new-onset headaches and exacerbation of pre-existing headache disorders among healthcare workers at the frontlines during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.
Materials and Methods A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted across Pakistan in June–July 2020. The study was approved by Ethical Committee, Armed Forces Institute of Dentistry, Rawalpindi (IRB form no.905/Trg-ABP 1K2). A qualitative questionnaire was developed and was shared via different social networks. The questionnaire was closed when 241 responses were received.
Statistical Analysis Descriptive analysis was performed on demographic data. Chi-squared analysis was performed between demographic data and PPE-usage patterns among participants with or without de novo headaches. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression models were used to compare variables with the development of new-onset headaches. Chi-squared test was also performed between demographic data and other factors that may be causing new-onset headaches. A p-value < 0.05 was considered significant.
Results A total of 241 healthcare workers participated, of which 68 participants (28.2%) reported de novo headaches since the start of the pandemic. Incidence of pre-existing headaches (odds ratio [OR] = 1.91; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.99–0.37; p = 0.049) was associated with new-onset headaches. Post hoc multivariable logistic regression analysis stated that incidence of pre-existing headaches (OR = 1.88; 95% CI: 0.94–3.78; p = 0.75) and age (OR = 2.21; 95% CI: 0.47–10.33; p = 0.36) was independently associated with new-onset PPE-induced headaches but was not statistically significant. Chi-squared analysis showed a statistically significant relationship between other factors (sleep deprivation, emotional stress, etc.) and department of activity, gender, and occupation (p < 0.05).
Conclusion Healthcare workers with previous history of pre-existing headaches were found to be more susceptible to PPE-induced headaches during COVID-19 pandemic. However, age and the department where the healthcare workers performed may also be risk factors.
L’enseignement de la traduction économique et financière
Authors: Poder Marie-Évelyne Le 
Published: December 2020

Résumé
Cet article présente une proposition didactique visant à améliorer les compétences thématiques et instrumentales
des étudiants de traduction économique et financière de quatrième année du diplôme en Traduction et Interprétation de la Faculté
de traduction et d’interprétation de l’Université de Grenade qui pourrait d’ailleurs être étendue à
d’autres centres universitaires. Cette proposition est développée à partir d’une série d’activités liées
aux phases d’analyse-compréhension du texte source et de transfert de la langue source vers la langue cible dans la
combinaison linguistique espagnol/français. Elle est directement reliée aux objectifs consistant, d’une part, à acquérir
des techniques pour surmonter les obstacles de nature cognitive présents dans les textes et, d’autre part, à appliquer
certaines notions acquises dans le cours de « Terminologie ». Quant à sa structure, l’article s’articule autour
des parties suivantes : l’introduction, la recherche didactique en traduction économique et financière, les fondements
théoriques de la proposition didactique, la méthodologie appliquée, la proposition en elle-même et la conclusion.
Changing translation practices and moving boundaries in translation studies
Authors: Gambier Yves , Kasperẹ Ramunė 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis article aims at describing the changes in translation by referring to practices such as localization, amateur translation, translating in the media. The changes are enhanced by the computing, information, and communication technologies. In three decades, a new work environment has shaken up the translator’s world. New types of translators are emerging, with a new hierarchy between them, in parallel with a multiplication of labels created for “translation.” The concept of translation has, therefore, become ambiguous and, relating to it, other concepts, such as text, need to be revisited.
Lexical and cultural choices in Slovene translations of German and English car slogans
Authors: Kučiš Vlasta , Vid Natalia Kaloh 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The current paper presents the analysis of translation strategies and linguistic characteristics in Slovene translations of commercial car slogans from English and German. There is no uniform definition of the advertising slogan in the scientific literature; therefore, we attempt to provide the definition of a slogan in the context of marketing communication. One of the main functions of both social and commercial advertising is to provide information to the target audience and make it act in the way desired by the advertisers. In contemporary Translation Studies, translation is defined as a transnational and intercultural communication activity. Therefore, one of the primary tasks of translators is to mediate not only between languages but also between cultures. The objective of the paper has been to identify and describe the language features of car slogans at phonological, lexical, syntactic, and semantic levels, with due attention to the functionality of these messages in comparison with the messages relayed by slogans in other trades. The study has revealed that, due to the specific market niche, most car slogans tend to use specific language devices and discourse. The theoretical framework is based on German functionalist approaches in Translation Studies – Holz-Mänttäri’s theory of action (Handlungstheorie) and Reiß/Vermeer’s theory of translation’s purpose (Skopostheorie).
Critical theory of technology and actor-network theory in the examination of techno-empowered online collaborative
translation practice
Authors: Kung Szu-Wen 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
While “turns” in translation studies have long been embracing the theoretical complexity integrated into the
discussion of various translation phenomena, the theorisation of the use of technology and its impact on translation remain
under-represented in scholarly literature of the field (O’Hagan 2016). This article
considers the influence of technology on translation and reflects on the question as to how the interactive relationship between
technology and translation may be theoretically conceptualised. Taking an approach informed by sociological theory, this article
combines critical theory of technology (CTT) and actor-network theory (ANT) to examine the relationship between technology and
translation, as well as the translation players involved. With the advent of Web 2.0, techno-empowered collaborative translation
in the online TED Talks environment using Amara subtitling platform becomes a useful locale for discussion. Through a
participant-observation approach, that is, with the author’s experience in the online translation environment, this article aims
to explore how the technological elements in translation often described as “emergent property from new forms of translation
practice” (Cronin 2010, 1) may offer critical insights from an epistemological
perspective, especially the reciprocity between technology and its users.
A multifactorial account of analogical developments in Old English nominal paradigms
Authors: Adamczyk Elżbieta 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe present paper focuses on the interaction of factors that conditioned analogical developments in Old English nominal paradigms. They include especially the absolute and relative frequency of occurrence, the salience of inflectional exponents, the formal inflectional overlap across paradigms, functional factors, semantics and syllable structure (stem weight). They could work in two opposite directions, namely towards retaining the etymological inflections or they could facilitate the adoption of analogical endings. The significance of individual factors for the reorganisation of nominal paradigms is investigated by employing a statistical analysis (multivariate logistic regression) which allows us to rank them. The analysis demonstrates that the attested inflectional patterns can largely be explained by an interaction of three factors, namely salience and frequency, which can be linked to the cognitive aspects of storage and retrieval of linguistic information, and the overlap of inflectional forms across paradigms, which is a manifestation of analogical pressure in the paradigms.
Palatalization and assibilation of /k/ in English and Scottish place-names
Authors: Laker Stephen 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThere are very few place-names with initialCh-[tʃ-] in Scotland, Northern England and much of the East Midlands. Names that do exist are almost exclusively late formations and usually consist of French rather than Old English place-name elements. This article investigates the reasons why assibilation is either present or absent from specific areas and why. The results lead to a reassessment of several points, including: (1) the phonetic and phonological development of the voiceless velar in Early English in particular environments; (2) the extent to which external influence counteracted palatalization and assibilation in some areas; (3) the disparities between the place-name and dialectal evidence.
Analysis of the Molecular Signature of Breast Implant-Associated Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma in an Asian Patient
Authors: Kim Il-Kug , Hong Ki Yong , Lee Choong-kun , Choi Bong Gyu , Shin Hyunjong , Lee Jun Ho , Kim Min Kyoung , Gu Mi Jin , Choi Jung Eun , Kim Tae Gon 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL)—a new category of anaplastic large cell lymphoma associated with textured breast implants—has a distinct variation in incidence and is especially rare in Asia. We report the first case of BIA-ALCL in Korea and present its histological and genetic characteristics. A 44-year-old female patient presented with a typical clinical course and symptoms, including breast augmentation with textured breast implants, late-onset peri-implant effusion, and CD30+ALK− histology, followed by bilateral implant removal and total capsulectomy. For histological analysis, we performed immunohistochemistry of the bilateral breast capsules. For transcriptome analysis, we identified highly upregulated gene sets employing RNA-sequencing and characterized the lymphoma immune cell components. In the lymphoma-associated capsule, CD30+ cells infiltrated not only the lymphoma lesion but also the peritumoral lesion. The morphologies of the myofibroblasts and vessels in the peritumoral lesion were similar to those in the tumoral lesion. We observed strong activation of the JAK/STAT3 pathway and expression of programmed death ligand-1 in the lymphoma. Unlike the molecular profiles of BIA-ALCL samples from Caucasian patients—all of which contained activated CD4+ T cells—the Asian patient’s profile was characterized by more abundant CD8+ T cells. This study contributes to a better understanding of the pathogenesis and molecular mechanisms of BIA-ALCL in Asian patients that will ultimately facilitate the development of clinical therapies.

Level of Evidence: 5
BamSnap: a lightweight viewer for sequencing reads in BAM files
Authors: Kwon Minseok , Lee Soohyun , Berselli Michele , Chu Chong , Park Peter J 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Summary
Despite the improvement in variant detection algorithms, visual inspection of the read-level data remains an essential step for accurate identification of variants in genome analysis. We developed BamSnap, an efficient BAM file viewer utilizing a graphics library and BAM indexing. In contrast to existing viewers, BamSnap can generate high-quality snapshots rapidly, with customized tracks and layout. As an example, we produced read-level images at 1000 genomic loci for &gt;2500 whole-genomes.

Availability and implementation
BamSnap is freely available at https://github.com/parklab/bamsnap.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Designing delivery models of traditional and complementary medicine services: a review of international experiences
Authors: Chung Vincent C H , Ho Leonard T F , Leung Ting Hung , Wong Charlene H L 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Background
The World Health Organization advocates integration of traditional and complementary medicine (T&CM) into the conventional health services delivery system. Integrating quality services in a patient-centred manner faces substantial challenges when T&CM is delivered within a health system dominated by conventional medicine. This review has synthesized international experiences of integration strategies across different contexts.

Sources of data
Publications describing international experiences of delivering T&CM service in conventional healthcare settings were searched. Backward and forward citation chasing was also conducted.

Areas of agreement
Capable leaders are crucial in seeking endorsement from stakeholders within the conventional medicine hierarchy and regulatory bodies. However, patient demands for integrative care can be successful as demonstrated by cases included in this review, as can the promotion of the use of T&CM for filling effectiveness gaps in conventional medicine. Safeguarding quality and safety of the services is a priority.

Areas of controversy
Different referral mechanisms between conventional and T&CM practitioners suit different contexts, but at a minimum, general guideline on responsibilities across the two professionals is required. Evidence-based condition-specific referral protocols with detailed integrative treatment planning are gaining in popularity.

Growing points
Interprofessional education is critical to establishing mutual trust and understanding between conventional clinicians and T&CM practitioners. Interprofessional communication is key to a successful collaboration, which can be strengthened by patient chart sharing, instant information exchange, and dedicated time for face-to-face interactions.

Areas timely for developing research
Research is needed on the optimal methods for financing integrated care to ensure equitable access, as well as in remuneration of T&CM practitioners working in integrative healthcare.
Fujifilm SILVAMP TB LAM Assay on Cerebrospinal Fluid for the Detection of Tuberculous Meningitis in Adults With Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Authors: Quinn Carson M , Kagimu Enock , Okirworth Michael , Bangdiwala Ananta S , Mugumya Gerald , Ramachandran Prashanth S , Wilson Michael R , Meya David B , Cresswell Fiona V , Bahr Nathan C , Boulware David R 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Background
Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) has a high fatality rate, with inadequate diagnostic tests being a major contributor. The rollout of Xpert MTB/Rif and Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra (Xpert Ultra) have improved time-to-diagnosis with sensitivities similar to culture, yet test availability and sensitivity are inadequate. The TB lipoarabinomannan lateral flow assay (AlereLAM) offers ease of use, but its low sensitivity in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) limits clinical utility for TBM. The Fujifilm SILVAMP TB LAM (FujiLAM) assay has excellent sensitivity in urine, but performance on cerebrospinal fluid is uncertain.

Methods
We conducted a prospective cohort study at Kiruddu National Referral Hospital in Kampala, Uganda, enrolling patients suspected to have TBM. CSF was tested using AlereLAM, Xpert Ultra, culture, and FujiLAM. Results were compared with 2 reference standards: probable and definite TBM or definite TBM alone by the uniform TBM case definition.

Results
Of 101 patients enrolled (95/101 HIV-positive), 34 had definite TBM and 24 had probable TBM. FujiLAM sensitivity on CSF was 52% (30/58) for definite or probable TBM compared with 55% (32/58) for Xpert Ultra. AlereLAM had lower sensitivity than FujiLAM in the subgroup of patients tested with both assays (14% [4/28] vs 50% [14/28]; P &lt; .01). FujiLAM specificity was 98% (42/43) for patients without probable or definite TBM.

Conclusions
FujiLAM showed higher sensitivity than AlereLAM, with sensitivity potentially approaching that of Xpert Ultra. FujiLAM could improve time-to-treatment-initiation, especially in settings where the more technical Xpert Ultra system might not be feasible. Large confirmatory studies are needed.
Object Detection and Localization Using Sparse-FCM and Optimization-driven Deep Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Raghu A Francis Alexander , Ananth J P 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Object detection and localization attract the researchers to address the challenges associated with the computer vision. The literature presents numerous unsupervised methods to detect and localize the objects, but with inaccuracies and inconsistencies. The problem is tackled through proposing a novel model based on the optimization algorithm. The object in the image is detected using the Sparse Fuzzy C-Means (Sparse FCM) that is the enhanced Fuzzy C-Means algorithm used to manage the high-dimensional data. The detected objects are subjected to the object localization, which is performed using the proposed Cat Crow Optimization (CCO)-based Deep Convolutional Neural Network. The proposed CCO is the integration of Cat Swarm Optimization Algorithm and Crow Search Algorithm and inherits the advantages of both the optimization algorithms. The experimentation of the proposed method is performed using images obtained from the Visual Object Classes Challenge 2012 dataset. The analysis revealed that the proposed method acquired an average accuracy, precision, and recall of 0.8278, 0.8549, and 0.7911, respectively.