bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CareConekta: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial of a mobile health intervention to improve engagement in postpartum HIV care in South Africa
Authors: Clouse Kate , Phillips Tamsin K. , Camlin Carol , Noholoza Sandisiwe , Mogoba Phepo , Naidoo Julian , Langford Richard , Weiss Martin , Seebregts Christopher J. , Myer Landon 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
South Africa is home to the world’s largest antiretroviral therapy program but sustaining engagement along the HIV care continuum has proven challenging in the country and throughout the wider region. Population mobility is common in South Africa, but there are important research gaps in describing this mobility and its impact on engagement in HIV care. Postpartum women and their infants in South Africa are known to be at high risk of dropping out of HIV care after delivery and are frequently mobile.

Methods
In 2017, we developed a beta version of a smartphone application (app) - CareConekta - that detects a user’s smartphone location to allow for prospective characterization of mobility. Now we will adapt and test CareConekta to conduct essential formative work on mobility and evaluate an intervention - the CareConekta app plus text notifications and phone calls and/or WhatsApp messages - to facilitate engagement in HIV care during times of mobility. During the 3-year project period, our first objective is to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and initial efficacy of using CareConekta as an intervention to improve engagement in HIV care. Our second objective is to characterize mobility among South African women during the peripartum period and its impact on engagement in HIV care. We will enroll 200 eligible pregnant women living with HIV and receiving care at the Gugulethu Midwife Obstetric Unit in Cape Town, South Africa.

Discussion
This work will provide critical information about mobility during the peripartum period and the impact on engagement in HIV care. Simultaneously, we will pilot test an intervention to improve engagement with rigorously assessed outcomes. If successful, CareConekta offers tremendous potential as a research and service tool that can be adapted and evaluated in multiple geographic regions, study contexts, and patient populations.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03836625. Registered on 8 February 2019.
Genomic and transcriptomic analysis of Candida intermedia reveals the genetic determinants for its xylose-converting capacity
Authors: Geijer Cecilia , Faria-Oliveira Fábio , Moreno Antonio D. , Stenberg Simon , Mazurkewich Scott , Olsson Lisbeth 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundAn economically viable production of biofuels and biochemicals from lignocellulose requires microorganisms that can readily convert both the cellulosic and hemicellulosic fractions into product. The yeastCandida intermediadisplays a high capacity for uptake and conversion of several lignocellulosic sugars including the abundant pentosed-xylose, an underutilized carbon source since most industrially relevant microorganisms cannot naturally ferment it. Thus,C. intermediaconstitutes an important source of knowledge and genetic information that could be transferred to industrial microorganisms such asSaccharomyces cerevisiaeto improve their capacity to ferment lignocellulose-derived xylose.ResultsTo understand the genetic determinants that underlie the metabolic properties ofC. intermedia, we sequenced the genomes of both the in-house-isolated strain CBS 141442 and the reference strain PYCC 4715. De novo genome assembly and subsequent analysis revealedC. intermediato be a haploid species belonging to the CTG clade ofascomycetousyeasts. The two strains have highly similar genome sizes and number of protein-encoding genes, but they differ on the chromosomal level due to numerous translocations of large and small genomic segments. The transcriptional profiles for CBS 141442 grown in medium with either high or low concentrations of glucose and xylose were determined through RNA-sequencing analysis, revealing distinct clusters of co-regulated genes in response to different specific growth rates, carbon sources and osmotic stress. Analysis of the genomic and transcriptomic data also identified multiple xylose reductases, one of which displayed dual NADH/NADPH co-factor specificity that likely plays an important role for co-factor recycling during xylose fermentation.ConclusionsIn the present study, we performed the first genomic and transcriptomic analysis ofC. intermediaand identified several novel genes for conversion of xylose. Together the results provide insights into the mechanisms underlying saccharide utilization inC. intermediaand reveal potential target genes to aid in xylose fermentation inS. cerevisiae.
Safety and effectiveness of peficitinib (ASP015K) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: interim data (22.7 months mean peficitinib treatment) from a long-term, open-label extension study in Japan, Korea, and Taiwan
Authors: Takeuchi Tsutomu , Tanaka Yoshiya , Tanaka Sakae , Kawakami Atsushi , Song Yeong-Wook , Chen Yi-Hsing , Rokuda Mitsuhiro , Izutsu Hiroyuki , Ushijima Satoshi , Kaneko Yuichiro , Nakashima Yoshihiro , Shiomi Teruaki , Yamada Emi 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Peficitinib (ASP015K), a novel oral Janus kinase inhibitor, has demonstrated efficacy and safety for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in randomized, controlled trials of up to 52 weeks’ duration. However, safety and effectiveness after long-term treatment have not been assessed.

Methods
This was an interim analysis of an ongoing open-label, multicenter extension study in RA patients who completed phase 2b (RAJ1; 12 weeks) and phase 3 (RAJ3 and RAJ4; 52 weeks) peficitinib studies in Asia (mainly Japan). Eligible patients (n = 843) received oral peficitinib once daily (100 mg, or 50 mg for patients transferring from RAJ1). The peficitinib dose could be increased (up to 150 mg) or reduced (to 50 mg) at the discretion of the investigator. Efficacy variables assessed included American College of Rheumatology (ACR) response rates, ACR components, and disease activity score in 28 joints based on C-reactive protein (DAS28-CRP).

Results
Results up to May 2018 are summarized. Mean peficitinib duration of exposure was 22.7 months and the maximum dose was 100 mg in most (66.5%) patients. ACR responses were maintained during the extension study, with ACR20/50/70 response rates of 71.6%, 52.1%, and 34.7% at week 0 and 78.9%, 61.4%, and 42.7% at end of treatment, respectively. ACR components and DAS28-CRP showed improvements from baselines of the preceding studies and continued to show improvements during the extension study. Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were reported in 757/843 (89.8%) patients, the most common being nasopharyngitis (39.7%) and herpes zoster (11.7%). The majority of TEAEs were severity grade 1/2. Drug-related TEAEs leading to permanent study drug discontinuation occurred in 55/843 (6.5%) patients. Regarding AEs of special interest, the incidence per 100 patient-years of serious infections was 2.3 (95% CI 1.6 – 3.1), herpes zoster-related disease 6.8 (95% CI, 5.6 – 8.3), and malignancies 1.1 (95% CI, 0.7 – 1.8). One death from diffuse large B cell lymphoma during the study and one death from uterine sarcoma after the study were considered probably and possibly related to study drug, respectively.

Conclusions
The effectiveness of peficitinib was maintained or improved during long-term administration and treatment up to 6 years was well tolerated in Asian patients with RA.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01638013, registered retrospectively 11 July 2012.
Identification of molecules associated with response to abatacept in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Yokoyama-Kokuryo Waka , Yamazaki Hayato , Takeuchi Tsutomu , Amano Koichi , Kikuchi Jun , Kondo Tsuneo , Nakamura Seiji , Sakai Ryoko , Hirano Fumio , Nanki Toshihiro , Koike Ryuji , Harigai Masayoshi 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Abatacept (ABA) is a biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (bDMARD) for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The aim of this study was to identify molecules that are associated with therapeutic responses to ABA in patients with RA.

Methods
Peripheral blood was collected using a PAX gene Blood RNA kit from 45 bDMARD-naïve patients with RA at baseline and at 6 months after the initiation of ABA treatment. Gene expression levels of responders (n = 27) and non-responders (n = 8) to ABA treatment among patients with RA at baseline were compared using a microarray. The gene expression levels were confirmed using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR).

Results
Gene expression analysis revealed that the expression levels of 218 genes were significantly higher and those of 392 genes were significantly lower in the responders compared to the non-responders. Gene ontology analysis of the 218 genes identified “response to type I interferon (IFN)” with 24 type I IFN-related genes. RT-qPCR confirmed that there was a strong correlation between the score calculated using the 24 genes and that using OAS3, MX1, and IFIT3 (type I IFN score) (rho with the type I IFN score 0.981); the type I IFN score was significantly decreased after treatment with ABA in the responders (p < 0.05), but not in the non-responders. The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis of the type I IFN score showed that sensitivity, specificity, and AUC (95% confidence interval) for the responders were 0.82, 1.00, and 0.92 (0.82–1.00), respectively. Further, RT-qPCR demonstrated higher expression levels of BATF2, LAMP3, CD83, CLEC4A, IDO1, IRF7, STAT1, STAT2, and TNFSF10 in the responders, all of which are dendritic cell-related genes or type I IFN-related genes with significant biological implications.

Conclusion
Type I IFN score and expression levels of the nine genes may serve as novel biomarkers associated with a clinical response to ABA in patients with RA.
Histone deacetylase inhibitors induce expression of chromosomally tagged variant-specific surface protein genes in Giardia lamblia
Authors: Orozco Daniel Roberto , Garlapati Srinivas 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objective
RNA interference and miRNA mediated mechanisms have been proposed to explain the expression of a specific variant of VSP at a time on the surface of Giardia lamblia. Recently, epigenetic mechanisms involving histone acetylations have been proposed to explain the process of vsp gene switching in Giardia lamblia. However, due to the limited availability of specific antibodies for all the vsp variants present in the genome, it was difficult to monitor vsp gene switching. In this study, we have used an endogenous tagging method to tag specific vsp genes vsp1267 and vsp9B10A with a sequence encoding hemagglutinin (HA) epitope at the 3′end of the coding sequences without altering the 5′ upstream elements. With this method, we have monitored the expression of the tagged vsp genes in cells treated with histone deacetylase inhibitors using RT-PCR.

Results
Our results show that vsp1267-3XHA can be induced by treatment with sodium 4-phenylbutyrate, M344 and splitomicin but not by apicidin and Trichostatin A, while vsp9B10A-3XHA expression can be induced by Trichostatin A and splitomicin but not by sodium 4-phenylbutyrate, M344 and apicidin. The induced expression of these variants was not due to growth inhibition. These results support the role of histone acetylations in vsp expression.
A DLG2 deficiency in mice leads to reduced sociability and increased repetitive behavior accompanied by aberrant synaptic transmission in the dorsal striatum
Authors: Yoo Taesun , Kim Sun-Gyun , Yang Soo Hyun , Kim Hyun , Kim Eunjoon , Kim Soo Young 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
DLG2, also known as postsynaptic density protein-93 (PSD-93) or chapsyn-110, is an excitatory postsynaptic scaffolding protein that interacts with synaptic surface receptors and signaling molecules. A recent study has demonstrated that mutations in the DLG2 promoter region are significantly associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Although DLG2 is well known as a schizophrenia-susceptibility gene, the mechanisms that link DLG2 gene disruption with ASD-like behaviors remain unclear.

Methods
Mice lacking exon 14 of the Dlg2 gene (Dlg2–/– mice) were used to investigate whether Dlg2 deletion leads to ASD-like behavioral abnormalities. To this end, we performed a battery of behavioral tests assessing locomotion, anxiety, sociability, and repetitive behaviors. In situ hybridization was performed to determine expression levels of Dlg2 mRNA in different mouse brain regions during embryonic and postnatal brain development. We also measured excitatory and inhibitory synaptic currents to determine the impacts of Dlg2 deletion on synaptic transmission in the dorsolateral striatum.

Results
Dlg2–/– mice showed hypoactivity in a novel environment. They also exhibited decreased social approach, but normal social novelty recognition, compared with wild-type animals. In addition, Dlg2–/– mice displayed strong self-grooming, both in home cages and novel environments. Dlg2 mRNA levels in the striatum were heightened until postnatal day 7 in mice, implying potential roles of DLG2 in the development of striatal connectivity. In addition, the frequency of excitatory, but not inhibitory, spontaneous postsynaptic currents in the Dlg2–/– dorsolateral striatum was significantly reduced.

Conclusion
These results suggest that homozygous Dlg2 deletion in mice leads to ASD-like behavioral phenotypes, including social deficits and increased repetitive behaviors, as well as reductions in excitatory synaptic input onto dorsolateral spiny projection neurons, implying that the dorsal striatum is one of the brain regions vulnerable to the developmental dysregulation of DLG2.
Quantification of [11C]PBR28 data after systemic lipopolysaccharide challenge
Authors: Woodcock Eric A. , Schain Martin , Cosgrove Kelly P. , Hillmer Ansel T. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a classic immune stimulus. LPS combined with positron emission tomography (PET) 18 kDa translocator protein (TSPO) brain imaging provides a robust human laboratory model to study neuroimmune signaling. To evaluate optimal analysis of these data, this work compared the sensitivity of six quantification approaches.

Methods
[11C]PBR28 data from healthy volunteers (N = 8) were collected before and 3 h after LPS challenge (1.0 ng/kg IV). Quantification approaches included total volume of distribution estimated with two tissue, and two tissue plus irreversible uptake in whole blood, compartment models (2TCM and 2TCM-1k, respectively) and multilinear analysis-1 (MA-1); binding potential estimated with simultaneous estimation (SIME); standardized uptake values (SUV); and SUV ratio (SUVR).

Results
The 2TCM, 2TCM-1k, MA-1, and SIME approaches each yielded substantive effect sizes for LPS effects (partial η2 = 0.56–0.89, ps <. 05), whereas SUV and SUVR did not.

Conclusion
These findings highlight the importance of incorporating AIF measurements to quantify LPS-TSPO studies.
Existence uniqueness and stability of mild solutions for semilinear ψ-Caputo fractional evolution equations
Authors: Suechoei Apassara , Sa Ngiamsunthorn Parinya 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we study the local and global existence, and uniqueness of mild solution to initial value problems for fractional semilinear evolution equations with compact and noncompact semigroup in Banach spaces. In particular, we derive the form of fundamental solution in terms of semigroup induced by resolvent and ψ-function from Caputo fractional derivatives. These results generalize previous work where the classical Caputo fractional derivative is considered. Moreover, we prove the Mittag-Leffler–Ulam–Hyers stability result. Finally, we give examples of time-fractional heat equation to illustrate the result.
Degenerate binomial coefficients and degenerate hypergeometric functions
Authors: Kim Taekyun , Kim Dae San , Lee Hyunseok , Kwon Jongkyum 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we investigate degenerate versions of the generalized pth order Franel numbers which are certain finite sums involving powers of binomial coefficients. In more detail, we introduce degenerate generalized hypergeometric functions and study degenerate hypergeometric numbers of order p. These numbers involve powers of λ-binomial coefficients and λ-falling sequence, and can be represented by means of the degenerate generalized hypergeometric functions. We derive some explicit expressions and combinatorial identities for those numbers. We also consider several related special numbers like λ-hypergeometric numbers of order p and Apostol type λ-hypergeometric numbers of order p, of which the latter reduce in a limiting case to the generalized pth order Franel numbers.
Antibiogram and beta-lactamase genes among cefotaxime resistant E. coli from wastewater treatment plant
Authors: Adegoke Anthony Ayodeji , Madu Chibuzor Ezinne , Aiyegoro Olayinka Ayobami , Stenström Thor Axel , Okoh Anthony Ifeanyi 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
The World Health Organization (WHO) recently classified Enterobacteriaceae resistance to third-generation cephalosporin into the group of pathogens with critical criteria for future research.

Methods
A study to assess the antibiogram and beta-lactamase genes among the cefotaxime resistant E. coli (CREc) from a South African wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) was conducted using standard phenotypic and molecular biology characterization methods.

Results
Approximate total E. coli (TEc) concentration (log10 CFU/mL) ranged between 5.7 and 6.8 among which cefotaxime resistant E. coli were between 1.8 and 4.8 (log10 CFU/mL) for cefotaxime antibiotic concentration of 4 and 8 mg/L in the influent samples. Effluent samples, heavily influenced by the chlorination had only 0.3 log10 CFU/mL of TEc. Fifty-one cefotaxime resistant isolates were selected out of an overall of 75 isolates, and subjected to a new round of testing, with a follow up of 36 and 48 isolates for both colistin and gentamicin, respectively as guided by initial results. Selected CREc exhibited resistance to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (35.3%; n = 51), colistin sulphate (76.5%; n = 36), ciprofloxacin (47.1%; n = 51), gentamicin (87.5%; n = 48) and intermediate-resistance to meropenem (11.8%; n = 51). Extended spectrum-beta-lactamase genes detected, viz.: blaCTX-M (52.6%; n = 38) and blaTEM (84.2%; n = 38) and concurrent blaCTX-M + blaTEM (36.8%; n = 38), but no blaSHV was detected. Carbapenem resistance genes, blaKPC-2 (15.8%; n = 38), blaOXA-1 (57.9%; n = 38), blaNDM-1 (15.8%; n = 38) were also detected. Approximately, 10.5 - 36.8% (n = 38) co-occurrence of two or more beta-lactamase genes was detected in some isolates. Out of the selected number (n = 30), 7(23.3%) were enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC), 14 (46.7%) were Enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC), but no enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) was detected.

Conclusion
Resistance to cefotaxime and the presence of a wide range of beta-lactamase genes exposed the potential risks associated with these pathogens via occupational and domestic exposure during the reuse of treated wastewater.
Prevalence, features and health impacts of eating disorders amongst First-Australian Yiramarang (adolescents) and in comparison with other Australian adolescents
Authors: Burt Adam , Mitchison Deborah , Dale Elizabeth , Bussey Kay , Trompeter Nora , Lonergan Alexandra , Hay Phillipa 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to support previous research conducted with First-Australians (FA) by establishing the prevalence of eating disorders, and their demographic distribution and burden in adolescent First-Australians compared to other-Australians (OA).MethodsData were used from the baseline survey of the EveryBODY Study, a longitudinal investigation of eating disorders among Australian adolescents. Of the 5068 participants included, 402 (8%) identified as FA, 4586 (90.5%) identified as OA. Diagnosis of eating disorders was based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual version 5. Socioeconomic status and measures of impairment were assessed using validated instruments. Body mass index was calculated based on self-reported weight and height. Statistical analyses used data weighted to the distribution of gender in adolescents in New South Wales in the 2016 Australian Census. Chi-square tests were performed to determine prevalence of eating disorders amongst FA and to compare to OA. ANOVA and logistic regression analyses where conducted to examine the moderation effect of sociodemographic status, measures of impairment and FA status on the distribution of eating disorders.ResultsThe prevalence rates for eating disorder diagnoses where similar for FA and OA with the exception of Night eating Syndrome (OSFED-NES), which occurred in 7.14% (95%CI 4.81–10.49) of FA vs. 3.72% (95%CI 3.17–4.36) in OA. The greater prevalence of OSFED-NES in FA was largely explained by poorer psychosocial quality of life amongst FA.ConclusionEating disorders are common amongst First-Australian adolescents and are associated with poor psychosocial quality of life. These findings are consistent with previous research conducted with First-Australian adults. There is a need to screen for eating disorders amongst First-Australian adolescent girls and boys.
No differences in knee kinematics between active and passive flexion-extension movement: an intra-operative kinematic analysis performed during total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Grassi Alberto , Pizza Nicola , Lopomo Nicola Francesco , Marcacci Maurilio , Capozzi Michele , Marcheggiani Muccioli Giulio Maria , Colle Francesca , Zaffagnini Stefano 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Purpose
The objective of the present study was to acquire and compare by the use of a navigation system the intra-operative flexion-extension movement of the knee performed actively by the patient and passively by the surgeon before and after a total knee arthroplasty (TKA) implantation.

Methods
A cohort of 31 patients with primary knee osteoarthritis (OA), candidate for TKA underwent intra-operative kinematics assessment with a commercial navigation system before and after the definitive implant positioning of a Cruciate Retaining (CR) Mobile Bearing (MB) prostheses. The kinematical data were acquired while surgeon performed the flexion-extension movement (passive ROM - pROM), and while the patient performed it (active ROM - aROM). Differences between pre- and post- implantation and between active and passive motions, were statistically analyzed using paired Student t-tests (p = 0.05).

Results
No statistically significant difference were found between aROM and pROM with paired Student t-test regarding internal-external rotation and anterior-posterior translation of the femoral component with respect to the tibia during flexion-extension movement before and after TKA implant (p > 0.05).

Conclusions
Active muscle contraction seems to not significantly affect TKA kinematics. The ROM performed by the surgeon during operation resemble the movement actively performed by the patient.
The clinical relevance of this study further supports the use of CAS system in performing intra-operative analysis concerning knee biomechanics.