bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Postconcussion Exertion Evolution: Clinical and Behavioral Considerations
Authors: Register-Mihalik Johna K. , Callahan Christine E. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe philosophy and practices concerning concussion management have evolved from passive to active strategies that incorporate immediate, guided rest followed by early integration of physical and cognitive activity as tolerated by symptoms. Recent research and clinical evidence support guidance that symptom tolerable and clinically guided activity is beneficial postconcussion both acutely and in the longer term. Furthermore, recent studies illustrate benefits of targeted deficit-based therapies (vestibular, cervicogenic, visual, psychological, etc.) postconcussion subacutely and in those with persistent symptoms. The dissemination of this new information occurs at a fast pace and is often difficult to rapidly integrate into clinical practice due to necessary policy and behavior changes. This review will outline recent evidence concerning both rest and exertion postconcussion through the lens of the socioecological model to more rapidly promote policy and practice changes.
A Tangled Tale of Training and Talent: PhDs in Institutional Asset Management
Authors: Chaudhuri Ranadeb , Ivković Zoran , Pollet Joshua , Trzcinka Charles 
Published: April 2020

Performance of investment products managed by firms in which PhDs play a key role is superior to the performance of products managed by otherwise similar firms. This relation is not a result of endogenous matching between firms and PhDs. Performance is related to training (the field of study) because economics or finance PhDs outperform other PhDs. Performance is also related to talent because PhDs who published in top outlets outperform other PhDs. Field-specific training is not relevant among the most talented PhDs because the performance gap between economics or finance PhDs and other PhDs disappears among published PhDs. This paper was accepted by Tyler Shumway, finance.
Distortion-free multi-element Hypergon wide-angle micro-objective obtained by femtosecond 3D printing
Authors: Weber Ksenia , Wang Zhen , Thiele Simon , Herkommer Alois , Giessen Harald 
Published: April 2020

In this Letter, we present a 3D-printed complex wide-angle multi-element Hypergon micro-objective, composed of aspherical lenses smaller than 1 mm, which exhibits distortion-free imaging performance. The objective is fabricated by a multi-step femtosecond two-photon lithography process. To realize the design, we apply a novel (to the best of our knowledge) approach using shadow evaporation to create highly non-transparent aperture stops, which are crucial components in many optical systems. We achieve a field-of-view (FOV) of 70°, at a resolution of 12.4 µm, and distortion-free imaging over the entire FOV. In the future, such objectives can be directly printed onto complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) imaging chips to produce extremely compact, high-quality image sensors to yield integrated sensor devices used in industry.
Thin-film perfect infrared absorbers over single- and dual-band atmospheric windows
Authors: Zhang Jihua , Wei Ran , ElKabbash Mohamed , Campbell E. Michael , Guo Chunlei 
Published: April 2020

A thin-film perfect electromagnetic absorber with a tunable response in
the infrared (IR) region is proposed using a metal-dielectric-metal
configuration, which consists of a Ti top layer and a Ge spacer layer
on a Ti substrate. The thin-film structure simplifies the absorber
design by tuning the thicknesses of the two layers, which is suitable
for large-scale fabrication by matured deposition technologies. The
absorber supports perfect IR absorption with tunability from 3 µm to
over 15 µm. Furthermore, the total thickness is much smaller than the
wavelength, and the absorption has small iridescence. Based on this
design, we demonstrated two samples with one supporting single-band
absorption in the atmospheric absorption window (5–8 µm) and the other
one supporting dual-band absorption in the two atmospheric
transmission windows (3–5 and 8–13 µm). These absorption signatures
can find applications in IR invisibility and radiative cooling.
Light-to-Moderate Alcohol Consumption Is Associated With Increased Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in Individuals With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Nine-Year Cohort Study
Authors: Xu Lei , Xie Jiarong , Chen Shenghui , Chen Yi , Yang Hua , Miao Min , Zhu Zhongwei , Li Youming , Yu Chaohui , Xu Chengfu 
Published: April 2020

OBJECTIVE:
This study explored the association between light-to-moderate alcohol consumption (LMAC) and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in individuals with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

METHODS:
A 9-year cohort study was performed among Chinese men who underwent their annual health checkups between 2009 and 2018. NAFLD was diagnosed based on abdominal ultrasound with exclusion of excess alcohol intake and other causes of liver disease. Logistic regression and Cox proportional regression analyses were applied to identify the risk of prevalent and incident T2DM.

RESULTS:
Of the 7,079 participants enrolled, 243 had T2DM at baseline and 630 developed T2DM during the 45,456 person-years follow-up. Both at the baseline and by the end of the follow-up, LMAC was associated with a decreased risk of prevalent T2DM in NAFLD-free participants but with a significantly increased risk in patients with NAFLD. LMAC was also associated with a decreased risk of incident T2DM in NAFLD-free participants. The adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) of incident T2DM were 0.224 (0.115–0.437) and 0.464 (0.303–0.710) for NAFLD-free light drinkers and NAFLD-free moderate drinkers, respectively. Nondrinking, light-drinking, and moderate-drinking patients with NAFLD all showed significantly increased risks of incident T2DM. Compared with NAFLD-free nondrinkers, the adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) of incident T2DM were 1.672 (1.336–2.092), 2.642 (1.958–3.565), and 2.687 (2.106–3.427) for nondrinking, light-drinking, and moderate-drinking patients with NAFLD, respectively.

DISCUSSION:
LMAC decreased the risks of prevalent and incident T2DM in NAFLD-free participants. LMAC, however, was associated with an increased risk of T2DM in patients with NAFLD (ClinicalTrials.gov number: NCT03847116).
Judgment Considerations Regarding Decisions about Child Sex Abuse Crime Conducted by Military Member
Authors: Putri Novi Anggraini 
Published: April 2020

TNI and Children are the two parties that are protected by special laws and regulations. Members of the TNI are committed and submit to military legislation. Apparatus who committed crimes have to follow the military’s criminal law and military court. Meanwhile, children as the victims of criminal acts have the rights that are legally protected in the legislation on child protection. The problems on this research are (1) How is Implementation of Act No. 35 of 2014 About Child Protection against child sex abuse committed by TNI in Judicial Process at Military Court II-10 Semarang? (2) How does the judge’s consideration about the Criminal adjudication to the suspect of the child sex abuse committed by TNI (Case Study of Military Court II-10 Semarang’s Verdict No. 62-K/PM.II-10/AD/IX/2016)? This study uses a qualitative method located in Indonesia with a Verdict as the object of research. The data collection techniques using document and literature study. The result of research, 1) Implementation of Act No. 35 of 2014 About Child Protection in Judicial Process at Military Court II-10 Semarang, i.e (1) Arresting the defendant (2) Giving the child as a victim an opportunity to speak up some testimony (3) The result of Visum et Repertum as a Health service (4) Giving detention and forfeit to defendant along with dismissal from military service 2) Judge's consideration of the Criminal adjudication of perpetrators of the Child Sex Crimes committed by TNI (1) Juridical considerations, i.e : Indictment, testimony of witnesses and defendants, expert's testimony, evidence and other articles in the Child Protection Law (2) Non-Juridical Considerations are mitigating and aggravating factors. The conclusion of this research is that the Implementation of Act no. 35 of 2014 has not been fully implemented in the judicial process in Military Court II-10 Semarang, the child’s identity in the previous verdict is not disguised. Suggestion from this study is the punishment of the defendant should refer to Act no. 35 of 2014 on Child Protection and after the judicial process the parties including law enforcement should provide protection for the future of the child as a victim.
Inverse Modeling Using Taylor Expansion Approach and Jacobi Matrix on Magnetic Data (Dyke/Magma Intrusion Cases)
Authors: Suprianto Agus , Wahyudi Wahyudi , Suryanto Wiwit , Setiawan Ari , Adhi Aryono , Priyantari Nurul , Supriyadi Supriyadi , Subekti Agus 
Published: April 2020

The mathematical modelling of geological structures, i.e. magma intrusion or dyke, has been done, based on magnetic data with inversion techniques using MatLab. The magnetic equation is a non-linear equation, and completion is done using a linear approach to non-linear mathematical models of magnetic data using the Taylor expansion approach and Jacobi Matrix. The first step of this research is to make synthetic data forward modelling from the magnetic equation of magma intrusion or dyke cases without errors, and the next stepping then add errors to the data. The next step is to do an inversion to get the parameters sought, i.e. depth and angle of the magma intrusion, by giving initial guesses, and then re-correct iteratively until convergent results are obtained. Finally, parameters of slope dyke or thin magma intrusion and its depth can be determined. The results obtained indicate that this technique can be used to get physical parameters sought from magnetic data for simple geological cases, i.e. dyke and magma intrusion.
ngn-1/neurogenin Activates Transcription of Multiple Terminal Selector Transcription Factors in theCaenorhabditis elegansNervous System
Authors: Christensen Elyse L , Beasley Alexandra , Radchuk Jessica , Mielko Zachery E , Preston Elicia , Stuckett Sidney , Murray John I , Hudson Martin L 
Published: April 2020

AbstractProper nervous system development is required for an organism’s survival and function. Defects in neurogenesis have been linked to neurodevelopmental disorders such as schizophrenia and autism. Understanding the gene regulatory networks that orchestrate neural development, specifically cascades of proneural transcription factors, can better elucidate which genes are most important during early neurogenesis. Neurogenins are a family of deeply conserved factors shown to be both necessary and sufficient for the development of neural subtypes. However, the immediate downstream targets of neurogenin are not well characterized. The objective of this study was to further elucidate the role of ngn-1/neurogenin in nervous system development and to identify its downstream transcriptional targets, using the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans as a model for this work. We found that ngn-1 is required for axon outgrowth, nerve ring architecture, and neuronal cell fate specification. We also showed that ngn-1 may have roles in neuroblast migration and epithelial integrity during embryonic development. Using RNA sequencing and comparative transcriptome analysis, we identified eight transcription factors (hlh-34/NPAS1, unc-42/PROP1, ceh-17/PHOX2A, lim-4/LHX6, fax-1/NR2E3, lin-11/LHX1, tlp-1/ZNF503, and nhr-23/RORB) whose transcription is activated, either directly or indirectly, by ngn-1. Our results show that ngn-1 has a role in transcribing known terminal regulators that establish and maintain cell fate of differentiated neural subtypes and confirms that ngn-1 functions as a proneural transcription factor in C. elegans neurogenesis.
Rates and Stability of Mental Health Disorders in Children Born Very Preterm at 7 and 13 Years
Authors: Yates Rosemary , Treyvaud Karli , Doyle Lex W. , Ure Alexandra , Cheong Jeanie L.Y. , Lee Katherine J. , Inder Terrie E. , Spencer-Smith Megan , Anderson Peter J. 
Published: April 2020

OBJECTIVES:
Children born very preterm (VPT) are at an increased risk of developing mental health (MH) disorders. Our aim for this study was to assess rates of MH disorders in children born VPT and term at 13 years of age and stability of MH disorders between ages 7 and 13 years by using a diagnostic measure.

METHODS:
Participants were from the Victorian Infant Brain Study longitudinal cohort and included 125 children born VPT (&lt;30 weeks’ gestational age and/or &lt;1250 g) and 49 children born term (≥37 weeks’ gestational age) and their families. Participants were followed-up at both 7 and 13 years, and the Development and Well-Being Assessment was administered to assess for MH disorders.

RESULTS:
Compared with term peers, 13-year-olds born VPT were more likely to meet criteria for any MH disorder (odds ratio 5.9; 95% confidence interval 1.71–20.03). Anxiety was the most common disorder in both groups (VPT = 14%; term = 4%), whereas attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder carried the greatest differential elevated risk (odds ratio 5.6; 95% confidence interval 0.71–43.80). Overall rates of MH disorders remained stable between 7 and 13 years, although at an individual level, many participants shifted in or out of diagnostic categories over time.

CONCLUSIONS:
Children born VPT show higher rates of MH disorders than their term peers, with changing trajectories over time. Findings highlight the importance of early identification and ongoing assessment to support those with MH disorders in this population.
Questioning the Islam of Abu Thalib: Critical Study to the Sunni’s Hadith and the Shiite’s Hadith
Authors: Jumadil Kubro Achmad Darojat , Nyarminingsih Nyarminingsih , Faizah Isti 
Published: April 2020

Sunnis and Shiites place the Hadith as a source of law, but both have different methods of examining Hadith. The most prominent difference is how both of them accept the Prophet companions as a hadith narrator. Sunnis believe that all companions were just. But this examination was rejected by the Shiites. The second difference is the reception about the ma’sum. Sunnis reject the concept of ma'sum other than the Prophet, while Shiites believe imams of ahlu al-bait are ma’sum. The implication of these differences is the different narratives of Islamic history, which are based on the hadith. In this issue is the case of the Islam of Abu Thalibwhich is narrated from each different tradition. Therefore, this research is trying to examine the validity of their narrations and its historicity. The result of this paper is that al-Musayyab bin Hazn, the Prophet companion who narrate the hadith about the death of Abu Thalib, is judged differently by each traditions. Sunnis judged him with Siqah, while Shiites said that he only became Islam after fathu makkah and he was not at the scene when Abu Thalib died.
Relación entre los síntomas musculoesqueléticos y la funcionalidad en personas con enfermedad de Parkinson
Authors: Ortiz-Rubio Araceli , Cabrera-Martos Irene , Torres-Sánchez Irene , López-López Laura , Rodríguez-Torres Janet , Valenza Marie Carmen 
Published: April 2020

Introducción: La enfermedad de Parkinson (EP) es una de las enfermedades más frecuentes del sistema nervioso central, y además de los síntomas motores clásicos, ahora se sabe que los pacientes también sufren una variedad de síntomas no motores que afectan negativamente a la independencia funcional. Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la relación entre los síntomas musculoesqueléticos y la funcionalilidad en personas con EP. Materiales y Métodos: Este estudio es un estudio observacional transversal que involucra a pacientes con enfermedad de Parkinson utilizando los siguientes instrumentos: Movement Disorder Society-Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (MDS- UPDRS), Fahn-Tolosa-Marín Tremor Rating Scale (TRS), Manual Ability Measure-16 (MAM-16), Evaluative Frailty Index for Physical Activity (EFIP), Coin Rotation Task (CRT), Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), Brief Pain Inventory (BPI). Resultados: Se incluyeron 24 pacientes, con una edad media de 72,54 ± 9,4 años. Se encontró relación (p < 0,05) entre las variables severidad del Parkinson, temblor, destreza, fatiga y dolor con las variables de funcionalidad. Conclusiones: Puntuaciones altas en las afecciones musculoesqueléticas se asocian con discapacidad. El enfoque de la gestión en la EP debe cambiar a una estrategia integral que incorpore el cuidado de síntomas motores como el temblor o la destreza y síntomas no motores como la fatiga y el dolor.
Initial assessment of femoral proximal fracture and acute hip arthritis using pocket-sized ultrasound: A prospective observational study in a primary care setting in Japan
Authors: Akimoto Takashi , Kobayashi Tadashi , Maita Hiroki , Osawa Hiroshi , Kato Hiroyuki 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background Acute hip pain caused by femoral proximal fractures or acute hip arthritis requires imaging for accurate diagnosis. Although pocket-sized ultrasound (PsUS) offers several advantages over other imaging modalities, there is limited information regarding its use in diagnosing femoral proximal fractures or acute hip arthritis. Thus, we aimed to validate the diagnostic accuracy of PsUS for both disorders. Methods In this prospective observational study, outpatients with acute hip pain were diagnosed according to a fixed procedure of the PsUS probe handling. We verified the diagnostic accuracy of PsUS findings (cortical discontinuity and joint fluid retention) and compared it with that of radiography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. Results Our study included 52 outpatients (mean age, 78.0 years; female, 88.5%). Of 26 patients diagnosed with femoral proximal fractures, 14 had femoral neck fractures and 12 had femoral trochanteric fractures. The sensitivity and specificity for identifying cortical discontinuity in femoral proximal fractures were 0.96 and 0.92, respectively. The sensitivity for identifying either cortical discontinuity or joint fluid retention in femoral proximal fractures or acute hip arthritis was 0.97. Conclusions Negative PsUS findings of cortical discontinuity and joint fluid retention in the hip are useful for ruling out femoral proximal fractures and acute hip arthritis. PsUS and radiography have comparable diagnostic accuracies, and PsUS could aid in the initial assessment of acute hip pain among the elderly in primary care settings.
Radiosurgery and fractionated stereotactic body radiotherapy for patients with lung oligometastases
Authors: Kalinauskaite Goda , Tinhofer Ingeborg , Kufeld Marcus , Kluge Anne Kathrin , Grün Arne , Budach Volker , Senger Carolin , Stromberger Carmen 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Patients with oligometastatic disease can potentially be cured by using an ablative therapy for all active lesions. Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) is a non-invasive treatment option that lately proved to be as effective and safe as surgery in treating lung metastases (LM). However, it is not clear which patients benefit most and what are the most suitable fractionation regimes. The aim of this study was to analyze treatment outcomes after single fraction radiosurgery (SFRS) and fractionated SBRT (fSBRT) in patients with lung oligometastases and identify prognostic clinical features for better survival outcomes. Methods: Fifty-two patients with 94 LM treated with SFRS or fSBRT between 2010 and 2016 were analyzed. The characteristics of primary tumor, LM, treatment, toxicity profiles and outcomes were assessed. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses were used for estimation of local control (LC), overall survival (OS), progression-free survival and distant metastases-free survival (DMFS). Results: Ninety-four LM in 52 patients were treated using SFRS/fSBRT with a median of 2 lesions per patient (range: 1–5). The median planning target volume (PTV)-encompassing dose for SFRS was 24 Gy (range: 17-26) compared to 45 Gy (range: 20-60) in 2-12 fractions in fSBRT. The median follow-up time was 21 months (range: 3-68). LC rates at 1 and 2 years for SFSR vs. fSBRT were 89% and 83% vs. 75% and 59%, respectively (p=0.026). LM treated with SFSR were significantly smaller (p=0.001). The 1 and 2-year OS rates for all patients were 84% and 71%, respectively. In univariate analysis treatment with SFRS, an interval of ≥ 12 months between diagnosis of LM and treatment, non-colorectal cancer histology and BED <100 Gy were significantly associated with better LC. However, none of these parameters remained significant in the multivariate Cox regression model. OS was significantly better in patients with negative lymph nodes (N0), Karnofsky performance status (KPS) >70% and time to first metastasis ≥12 months. There was no grade 3 acute or late toxicity. Conclusions: Longer time to first metastasis, good KPS and N0 predicted better OS. Good LC and low toxicity rates were achieved after short SBRT schedules.
The effect of early administration of rectal progesterone in IVF/ICSI twin pregnancies on the preterm birth rate: A randomized trial
Authors: Aboulghar Mona , El-Faissal Yahia , Kamel Ahmed , Mansour Ragaa , Aboulserour Gamal , Aboulghar Mohamed , Islam Yomna 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: The rate of multiple pregnancies in IVF/ICSI ranges from 20-30% . The incidence of preterm birth in multiple pregnancies is as high as 60% and is even higher in pregnancies conceived after IVF & ICSI. The effect of progesterone on prevention of preterm birth in twins is controversial . Our group has proven a positive effect in reduction of preterm birth ,by starting progesterone from the mid-trimester ,in exclusively IVF/ICSI singleton pregnancies but not twins. The purpose of our current study was to explore the effect of earlier administration of natural progesterone, in IVF/ICSI twin pregnancies starting at 11-14 weeks for prevention of preterm birth. Methods: This is a double-blind, placebo controlled, single center, randomized clinical trial. Women with dichorionic twin gestations, following an IVF/ICSI trial were randomized to receive natural rectal progesterone (800 mg daily ) vs placebo, starting early from 11-14 weeks. They were randomized regardless of cervical length and had no previous history of preterm birth or known Mullerian anomalies. The primary outcome was, spontaneous preterm birth rate <37 weeks. The secondary Outcome was; spontaneous preterm birth <34,32,28 weeks and neonatal outcome. Results: A total of 203 women were randomized to both groups, final analysis included 199 women as 4 were lost to follow up. The base line characteristics as well as gestational age at delivery were not significantly different between the study and the placebo group (34.7±3.6 vs 34.5±4.5, P=0.626). Progesterone administration was not associated with a significant decrease in the spontaneous preterm birth rates <37 weeks (73.5% vs 68%, P = 0.551), <34 (20.6% vs 21.6%, P = 0.649), <32 (8.8% vs 12.4%, P = 0.46) & <28 (4.9 % vs 3.1 %, P = 0.555). Conclusions: Rectal natural progesterone starting from the first trimester in IVF/ICSI twin pregnancies did not reduce spontaneous preterm birth.The trial was registered on 31 January 2014 at www.ISRCTN.com, 69810120.