bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PERSONALITY TRAITS AND VERBAL FLUENCY IN 10 COHORTS
Authors: Terracciano Antonio , Sutin Angelina R 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Personality traits are associated with cognitive outcomes across the lifespan, including cognitive function in young adulthood and risk of cognitive impairment and dementia in old age. This study examined the association between the Five Factor Model personality traits and verbal fluency in 10 cohorts (11 samples) that totaled more than 90,000 participants (age range 16-101). Meta-analysis indicated that participants who scored lower in Neuroticism, and higher in Extraversion, Openness, and Conscientiousness retrieved more words, independent of age, gender, and education. These associations were consistent across semantic and letter fluency tasks. Moderation analysis indicated that the associations between personality and semantic fluency were stronger in older samples (except for Openness) and among individuals with lower education. This pattern suggests that these associations are stronger in groups vulnerable to cognitive impairment and dementia. Personality traits have pervasive associations with fluency tasks that are replicable across samples and age groups.
ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN PERSONALITY TRAITS AND COGNITIVE RESILIENCE IN OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Graham Eileen K , James Bryan , Mroczek Daniel K 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
There are considerable individual differences in the rates of cognitive decline across later adulthood. Personality traits are one set of factors that may account for some of these differences. The current project explores whether personality traits are associated with trajectories of cognitive decline, and whether the associations are different before and after a diagnosis of dementia. The data will be analyzed using linear mixed effects regression. Across these goals is a focus on replicability and generalizability. Each of these questions will be addressed in four independent longitudinal studies of aging (EAS, MAP, ROS, SATSA), then meta-analyzed, thus providing an estimate of the replicability of our results. This study is part of a registered report of existing data that is currently under stage 1 review.
ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN PERSONALITY TRAITS AND COGNITIVE RESILIENCE IN OLDER ADULTS
Authors: James Bryan D , Mroczek Daniel K , Graham Eileen K 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
There is often discordance between brain pathology and dementia diagnosis. Some individuals maintain cognitive function throughout their lives but show high burden of neuropathology after death (e.g. amyloid plagues, neurofibrillary tangles, vascular disease, Lewy bodies, and/or TDP-43). Conversely, some demonstrate significant decline and receive a dementia diagnosis, while showing minimal neuropathology at autopsy. The current study seeks to understand these resilience/vulnerability profiles, with a focus on individual differences. That is, are individuals with certain personality characteristics (e.g. high openness, low neuroticism) more/less likely to have cognitive resilience or vulnerability? Using psychosocial and autopsy data from the Rush Memory and Aging Project and the Religious Orders Study, this study uses a resilience index based on residuals derived from regressing global cognition on global pathology, then entering personality traits as predictors of cognitive resilience. The analysis plan will be submitted to the Journal of Gerontology’s special issue on pre-registration of existing data.
RACIAL DISPARITIES IN COMMUNITY- AND INSTITUTION-BASED LONG-TERM SERVICES AND SUPPORTS
Authors: Fabius Chanee D 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Long-term services and supports (LTSS) are services provided to individuals with functional limitations and chronic conditions who need assistance to perform daily activities such as bathing, dressing, preparing meals, and administering medications, and can be provided in community settings via services such as home health, as well as institutions such as nursing homes. Racial disparities are persistent across systems of LTSS, with older adults of color receiving lower quality care and experiencing worse health outcomes than their white counterparts. Given the increasing diversity of the aging population, and the need to ensure equity in quality and health outcomes in LTSS, there is a greater need for more understanding of how experiences of care vary across multiple settings for diverse groups of older adults and the people who help them. This symposium will feature 5 presentations that provide novel insight regarding racial disparities in community- and institution-based LTSS. We focus on racial differences in functional needs and disparities among those receiving home health services and living in nursing homes. Individual presentations will describe 1) race and gender differences in physical functioning needs of older adults; 2) disparities in home health quality across racially diverse and low income geographic areas; 3) racial disparities in nursing home residents overtime; 4) racial and ethnic disparities in rates of 30-day rehospitalization from skilled nursing facilities among Medicare Fee-For-Service and Medicare Advantage patients; and 5) the impact of the unequal burden of care provided to minority nursing home residents by staff of color.
CARE BASED ON PREFERENCES: EXPERIENCES OF RESIDENTS
Authors: Roes Martina , Purwins Daniel , Stacke Tobias , Manietta Christina , Bergmann Johannes 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
To provide person-centered care, professional caregivers need to know about the individual preferences of the persons being cared for. Since there were no comparable instruments available, we translated the PELI (Preferences for Everyday Living Inventory) and tested the culturally translated version in German nursing homes. Besides testing for reliability and feasibility in German care settings, were are asking for satisfaction in fulfilling of the preferences and reasons for personal or institutional barriers that hinder adherence to the preferences. Furthermore, to determine the level of understanding and meaning of preferences, we interview a few residents and their close relatives in a cognitive interview. Preliminary results of the perspective of the care recipient will be presented.
(UN)EQUAL BURDEN OF CARE: STAFF PERSPECTIVES ON NURSING HOME CARE AND QUALITY OF LIFE FOR RESIDENTS OF COLOR
Authors: Akosionu Odichinma C , Shippee Tetyana P , Davila Heather , Thao Mai See , Waiswa Moses , Skarphol Tricia 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Racial disparities in quality of care (QoC) and quality of life (QoL) for nursing home (NH) residents persist even as the proportion of minorities is significantly increasing. Staff of color are a growing part of the long-term care workforce and staffing is a key component for delivering quality care. This study looks at staff (n=60) perspectives on resident QOL through semi-structured interviews, using thematic analysis in six Minnesota high proportion minority NHs. Key findings show that staff of color are concerned about the QoC and QoL residents of color experience, and take extra steps to provide care that goes beyond addressing their clinical needs. This agency of providing extra care is a factor in burnout among staff of color. More research on how this unequal burden of care impacts QoC/QoL is important to address the disproportionate role that staff of color play in reducing disparities in resident QoC and QoL.
SOCIAL COHESION AFFECTS THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN FRAILTY AND DISABILITY IN COMMUNITY-DWELLING OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Xie Boqin 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The relationships between physical frailty and perceived neighborhood social cohesion (PNSC) and functional disability among community-dwelling older adults are poorly understood. This study aims to (1) examine the associations of frailty and PNSC with disability; and (2) evaluate low PNSC as a risk factor in the association between frailty and disability. A sample of 1645 older adults using multi-stage sampling method in Shanghai were randomly selected in this cross-sectional study. Frailty operationalized as Cardiovascular Health Study criteria (OR=2.4, 95%CI 1.16-4.96 for pre-frailty; OR=7.28, 95%CI 3.37-15.73 for frailty) and PNSC measured as Neighborhood Cohesion Scale (OR=1.81, 95%CI 1.23-2.67) were independently associated with basic and instrumental activities of daily living disability. A significant interaction of frailty and PNSC on disability (F (2, 66)=4.31, P=.014) was found, using a two-way analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). Compared to robust individuals with high PNSC, pre-frailty with high PNSC was not significantly associated with disability while pre-frailty with low PNSC was associated with approximate 4-fold increased prevalence of disability (OR=3.87, 95%CI 1.46-10.24, p=.006). Frailty with high PNSC was associated with higher likelihood of disability (OR=6.47, 95%CI 2.35-17.87) and frail individuals with low PNSC stood out with 10-fold increased prevalence of disability (OR=9.94, 95%CI 3.50-28.26). All analyses were controlled for demographical and clinical covariates. Our results suggest high level of social cohesion serves as a buffer against the impact of physical frailty on functional disability. These findings notably imply to the development of interventions for older frail adults from the neighborhood perspective.
FEASIBILITY AND ACCEPTABILITY OF DETECTING COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT AND DEMENTIA IN PRIMARY CARE PRACTICES
Authors: O’Conor Rachel , Benavente Julia Yoshino , Curtis Laura , Arvanitis Marina , Gershon Richard , Wolf Michael 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
As the age of the US population increases, so does cognitive impairment (CI); therefore early detection of CI is critical for ensuring its appropriate management. As part of a NINDS Consortium to detect CI and dementia in primary care (DetectCID), we are implementing and evaluating a brief 2-step CI detection paradigm (MyCog), that can be delivered in clinics with diverse populations via the electronic health record (step 1) and iPad (step 2). We conducted focus groups with 25 clinicians and administrative leaders from academic and community primary care practices to 1) understand how CI is being assessed, and 2) evaluate the feasibility of implementing the MyCog paradigm into existing primary care workflows. Several key themes emerged from the discussions. No proactive detection strategy for CI was regularly used outside of the Medicare Annual Wellness Visits (AWV); variable assessments including the Minicog, MoCA, or MMSE were used to fulfill the AWV requirement. Regarding the feasibility of our MyCog Paradigm, our 2-step process was positively received, with the brief case-finding step 1 satisfying AWV requirements and replacing the longer assessments currently being used. Clinicians preferred that step 2 be self-administered due to limited clinician time for wellness visits, and highlighted logistical challenges such as room availability and storage and maintenance of the iPad. Overall, clinicians felt that the identification of CI was valuable and supported standardization, but indicated regular case finding was unlikely without clear guidance on clinical decision-making.
SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH COMMUNITY-LEVEL SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF MORTALITY IN OLDER ADULTS: AN ASSESSMENT OF RHODE ISLAND CITIES AND TOWNS
Authors: Cohen Steven A , Broccoli Julia , O’Neill Heather , Greaney Mary L 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Addressing the causes of place-based health disparities among older adults have focused on understanding social determinants of health on a large geographic level, such as region, state, or county. However, there is a growing realization for the need to understand how place-based characteristics at smaller geographic areas relate to population health and contribute to successful aging. The purpose of this study was to assess the magnitude of the associations between place-based social determinants and life expectancy (LE) among older adults and related measures. Methods: LE at age 50 (LE50) and age 65 (LE65), and the age-specific mortality rate (ASMR) for ages 65+ (ASMR65) were calculated from mortality data (2009-2011) from the Rhode Island (RI) Department of Health (RIDoH) using abridged life table methods for each RI city/town. City/town-specific LE and ASMR were linked to the US Census, RIDoH, and other databases that include social determinants: demographics, household composition, wealth, education, environment, food insecurity, crime, transportation, and rural-urban status. Bivariate and partial correlations were examined between city/town-level LE50, LE65, and ASMR65. Results: LE50, (range: 29.3-34.0 years) was most strongly associated with the percent of the population with at least a bachelor’s degree (r=0.652, p&lt;0.001), per capita income (r=-0.632, p &lt; 0.001), and percent multigenerational households (r=-0.489, p=0.003). The associations between both LE65 and ASMR65 and examined social determinants were more attenuated, however. Discussion: These results highlight substantial place-based disparities in mortality and potentially addressable social determinants that could improve population health for older adults and reduce place-based disparities among neighboring communities.
COPING STRATEGIES AS MODERATORS OF NEGATIVE HEALTH IMPACTS FROM RELOCATION AT VERY OLD AGE
Authors: Slaug Bjorn , Schilling Oliver K 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Relocation at very old age is a major life event that may have profound psychological impact. The loss of a home environment that has shaped important aspects of the life course can have negative health impacts, such as lower life satisfaction, depressive symptoms, loss of perceived autonomy and functional independence. However, from an ecological theory perspective, implying that patterns of health and well-being are impacted by a dynamic interplay of personal and environmental factors unfolding throughout the life course, the individual’s adaptive repertoire and resources influence how the individual manages and copes with such major life events as relocation to a new housing environment. To study if coping strategies moderated negative health impacts from relocation at very old age, we utilized longitudinal data of older community-living people from Sweden and Germany who had relocated at some point over a nine-year period (N=79, aged 80+ at baseline). A mixed model approach, adjusting for age at time of relocation, was used to analyze moderating effects of different coping strategies, defined according to Staudinger, Freund & Smith (1995). We found pro-active coping strategies such as reminding oneself of previous ability to solve problems, to significantly moderate negative effects on perceived functional independence and resilient strategies such as letting things just have their course, to significantly moderate negative effects on life satisfaction. We found no significant moderation of depressive symptoms. These results suggest that individual disposition to use different coping strategies can moderate the impact on health that relocation at very old age has.
MULTIPLE CHRONIC CONDITIONS AND ACCELERATED AGING IN PEOPLE EXPERIENCING HOMELESSNESS
Authors: Zuniga Julie , Thurman Whitney , Jang Dong Eun 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The median age of the U.S. homeless population is increasing, and PEH often experience accelerated aging compared to the general population. Moreover, PEH have disproportionately high rates of chronic illness, psychological distress, and poor health status. The purpose of this study was to investigate associations between morbidity, psychological distress, and healthcare utilization in PEH. The specific aims of this study were to: 1) determine the prevalence of multiple chronic conditions in PEH, 2) analyze whether prevalence varies by level of psychological distress, and 3) analyze associations between age, health conditions, and psychological distress. We used data from the 2010 National Health Interview Survey. Analysis included descriptive statistics, t-tests, chi-square tests, ANOVA, and correlations. Homelessness was operationalized using the variable from the NHIS asking if the individual had spent &gt;24 hours homeless in the past year. Measures included demographics, 11 chronic conditions, and psychological distress. PEH (n = 1809) were majority male (68.9%), White (66%), and unmarried (61.1%). Mean age of PEH was significantly higher than housed individuals (43.5 vs. 38.4 years, p &lt; .000). Chi-square tests indicated that the prevalence of hepatitis, heart disease, emphysema, arthritis, epilepsy, and asthma were significantly higher (p &lt; .01) in the PEH group than in the general population. Psychological distress differed significantly by morbidity. The relatively young mean age and the high burden of morbidity suggest that aging may be progressing more rapidly in PEH than previously recognized. Future research is needed to investigate the trajectory of aging in this population.
AGE DIFFERENCES IN POLITICAL ENGAGEMENT: ROLE OF SELF-RELEVANCE
Authors: Wong Tze Kiu , Fung Helene H 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Previous studies usually found that older people are less politically engaged than younger adults, especially when considering political behavior other than voting. The current study extends the Selective Engagement hypothesis (Hess, 2014) to political engagement. 81 younger adults and 79 older adults rated 8 issues on self-relevance and their willingness to engage in political discussion, arguments and collective action on each issue. The predicted moderating effect of self-relevance was not found, but older people indeed are more willing to discuss (B = 0.07, p = 0.027) and argue with others on more self-relevant issues (B = 0.06, p = 0.031). Perceived cost of collective action was found to be a moderator, such that self-relevance was less important than other factors for high-cost actions (B = -0.016, p = 0.013). The current research sheds light on potential ways to increase older adults’ engagement in social issues.
REFINING AN ELDER MISTREATMENT SCREENING AND RESPONSE TOOL TO IMPROVE ACCEPTABILITY IN AN EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT
Authors: Tanksley Brian , Sivers-Teixeira Theresa , Mosqueda Laura , Olsen Bonnie , Platts-Mills Tim , Lees-Haggerty Kristin 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Elder mistreatment (EM) is a public health problem that is rarely recognized or addressed in emergency departments (ED) where a lack of evidence-based protocols leave clinicians to rely on intuition and inconsistent action plans. In this presentation we will share findings from focus groups and online surveys with ED clinicians and administrators to evaluate the perceived value and likelihood of adopting the National Collaboratory’s third core element: the EM Screening and Response Protocol (EM-SAR). Results indicated a strong support for the EM-SAR tool in general and highlighted specific considerations for refining the tool. Considerations include resistance to adding to the ED workload, need to clarify roles and responsibilities for administering the tool, hesitancy to rely on clinical judgement to assess EM, concerns over Adult Protective Services’ ability to respond to increased reports, and a desire for cross-training and cooperation. These findings and implications for ongoing feasibility testing will be discussed.
THE DIRECT AND INDIRECT EFFECTS OF EDUCATION ON LATE-LIFE COGNITIVE ABILITY IN MEXICO
Authors: Saenz Joseph , Crimmins Eileen M , Zelinski Elizabeth 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Education and cognitive ability are closely associated. Less is known regarding mechanisms of this association. We evaluate direct effects of education on cognition and indirect effects through health and socioeconomic status (SES) in Mexico. We analyze adults age 50+ from the 2016 Mexican Cognitive Aging Ancillary Study (n=2,042). We constructed latent variables of visual and verbal cognitive abilities. Using structural equation modeling, we estimated direct effects of education on cognition and indirect effects through SES (income and wealth), and health (chronic conditions and health behaviors). Small, yet statistically significant, indirect effects of education on cognition through income, wealth, and stroke (for visual ability) and through stroke (for verbal ability) were observed. However, the majority of the association between education and cognitive ability (90% and 96% for visual/verbal cognitive ability, respectively) was not explained SES or health. Interventions to reduce disparities in late-life cognitive ability should address educational disparities in early-life.
DIVERSITY IN HOSPICE AND END-OF-LIFE EXPERIENCES: THE INFLUENCE OF CHRONIC DISEASE AND SOCIOCULTURAL FACTORS
Authors: Russell David , Luth Elizabeth A , Creber Ruth Masterson 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Hospice provides supportive and palliative services to persons nearing the end-of-life. Use of the Medicare hospice benefit has grown to cover nearly half of all Medicare decedents. Even more notably, hospice agencies now serve patients with a diverse range of terminal conditions, including those not traditionally served by hospices, such as dementia and heart failure. In addition to expanded use of hospice care by patients with multiple types of chronic disease, demographic transitions in the United States over the last several decades have also led to increased use of hospice services among patients with diverse socio-cultural and linguistic backgrounds. Limited research has identified the unique experiences of patients enrolled in hospice who have diagnoses of dementia and heart failure, or explored how socio-cultural factors act to influence the course and outcomes of hospice care. This symposium features interdisciplinary collaborations between academic researchers and clinical practitioners at a large non-profit hospice agency in a multicultural urban environment. These collaborations, which draw on multiple theoretical perspectives and research methodologies, shed new light on patient experiences in hospice and identify opportunities for improving care and comfort at end-of-life. Presentations will include an exploration of the unique symptoms and experiences of hospice patients with heart failure, an evaluation of a clinical program for heart failure hospice patients, an exploration of collaborative goal setting between patients-providers, and an examination of cultural health capital as it relates to race/ethnic and socioeconomic disparities in hospitalization among hospice patients, and factors for disenrollment among hospice patients with dementia.
THE DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A CARDIAC HOME HOSPICE PROGRAM FOR ADVANCED STAGE HEART FAILURE PATIENTS
Authors: Jordan Lizeyka , Creber Ruth Masterson , Russell David , Baik Dawon 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Heart failure (HF) patients encounter distressing symptoms at the end-of-life including dyspnea, edema, and fatigue. Left untreated, these symptoms increase risk for hospice disenrollment. This presentation used the RE-AIM framework to examine a cardiac home hospice program for HF patients. Qualitative interviews with hospice providers (N=32) and quantitative medical record data were used to examine the program. Reach—1,183 HF participants were served between 2013-2016. Effectiveness—Enrollment of HF patients in the hospice program increased from 7.9% to 9.5% after the cardiac protocol was implemented. Adoption—implementation was spearheaded by a clinical champion aware of the challenges of HF symptom management. Implementation— additional support services (i.e., paramedicine, infusion services, cardiac comfort medication kits) were incorporated in the cardiac protocol to better manage complex clinical cases in the home. Maintenance— Reinforcing factors include ongoing training for nursing staff and a 3.5-hour introduction module providing information about HF case management and symptoms/treatments.