bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic distance and diversity of breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) based on morphological characters in Bawean Island, Indonesia
Authors: Rahmah Wardatur , Waluyo Budi 
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Rahmah W, Waluyo B. 2019. Genetic distance and diversity of breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) based on morphological characters in Bawean Island, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 3284-3291. One of the ways to preserve species germplasm is by identifying the genetic distance and intraspecific diversity. The aims of this study were to study the distribution and cultivation status, genetic distance, and diversity of breadfruit plants, Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson ex F.A.Zorn) Fosberg, in Bawean Island, Gresik, Indonesia based on morphological characters. The study made 30 accessions of breadfruit plants spread throughout Bawean Island, which were found to be neither cultivated intensively nor used optimally by the inhabitants. The genetic distance showed that breadfruit in Bawean Island was clustered into 6 groups with similarity coefficient of around 0.9984 to 0.9999. The diversity index value of 1.48 indicated medium diversity of breadfruit on this island.
New sources of sorghum resistant genotypes to downy mildew disease in Uganda
Authors: Kumi Frank , Badji Arfang , Mwila Natasha , Odong Thomas , Ochwo-Ssemakula Mildred , Tusiime Geoffrey , Gibson Paul , Biruma Moses , K. Louis Prom , E. Cuevas Hugo , Agbahoungba Symphorien , Rubaihayo Patrick 
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Kumi F, Badji A, Mwila N, Odong T, Ochwo-Ssemakula M, Tusiime G, Gibson P, Biruma M, Prom KL, Cuevas HE, Agbahoungba S, Rubaihayo P. 2019. New sources of sorghum resistant genotypes to downy mildew disease in Uganda. Biodiversitas 20: 3391-3397. Sorghum downy mildew (SDM) disease is still prevalent in Uganda at varying levels of incidence and severity. In this study, a total of 100 sorghum genotypes, five (5) from (U.SA, India, and Sudan) and 95 genotypes from Uganda were evaluated for resistance to downy mildew and other agronomic traits during the second growing season of 2016 (August-December). The experiment was conducted in two locations at Makerere University Agricultural Research Institute at Kabanyolo (MUARIK) and Abi-Zonal Agricultural Research and Development Institute (Abi-ZARDI) research station at Arua. The experimental design used was 10 x 10 alpha lattice design with three replicates. Data were collected on plant disease incidence (PDI), plant disease severity (PDS), area under disease progress curve (AUDPC), days to 50% flowering, plant height, 1000 seed weight, and grain yield. Results for analysis of variance showed highly significant differences (P < 0.001) in genotypes, location, and AUDPC, yield and yield components. Disease incidence varied significantly (P < 0.001) between locations, and Arua recorded highest disease incidence and severity of 80.6 and 2.8, respectively. Results from correlation analysis showed a highly significant (P < 0.001) positive association of downy mildew disease incidence with AUDPC (0.835) which suggests that the severity of SDM disease increased with disease incidence, whiles significant (P < 0.001) negative correlation was recorded for days to 50 % flowering (-0.302), 1000 seed weight (-0.471), and grain yield (-0.585), suggesting that grain yield and yield component decreased significantly with increase in SDM incidence and severity. Two resistant (PI 656061 and PI 533831) and four moderately resistant (E 40, MAKSO 8, PI 655990 and Epuripur) genotypes were identified from this study. These genotypes were recommended for sorghum breeding program against downy mildew disease.
The potential of Cosmos sulphureus flower extract as a bioherbicide for Cyperus rotundus
Authors: Respatie Dyah , Prapto Yudono , Purwantoro Aziz , Trisyono Y. Andi 
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Respatie. D. W, Yudono P, Purwantoro A, Trisyono Y.A. 2019. The potential of Cosmos sulphureus flower extract as a bioherbicide for Cyperus rotundus. Biodiversitas 20: 3568-3574. Cosmos (Cosmos sulphureus Cav.) flower is recognized as natural source of bioherbicide compounds for several weeds. The purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.) is an important weed, and this research was aimed to determine the effects of cosmos flower extract on this weed. Dried cosmos flowers were threshed and extracted using maceration method with 70% alcohol. The experiment was conducted in the greenhouse using a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. Purple nutsedge tubers were planted in polybags and treated with cosmos flower extract applicated once to three times with 300 mL polybag-1 at the concentration of 40%. Different levels of inhibitions on purple nutsedge growth were observed at 30 and 60 days after sowing (DAS) due to the presence of gallic acid in the extract. Growth parameters for purple nutsedge were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and followed by Least Significant Differences (LSD) at α=0.05. Significant reductions in the number of mother shoots, daughter shoots, and roots, length of mother leaves, length of rhizomes, root, and total leaf area of the purple nutsedge treated with the cosmos flower extract at 30 DAS compared to those in the control. A significant reduction was also observed in foliage dry weight, underground organs dry weight, and total dry weight of purple nutsedge. The three application times yielded maximum inhibition. In addition, these treatments reduced N, P, and K content, chlorophyll content, and photosynthesis rates at 30 DAS. These results suggest that cosmos flower extract has the potential for controlling purple nutsedge.
Characterization, identification, and analysis of bioactive compound of endophytic bacteria from Hoya multiflora Blume
Authors: Alvionita Dewinta Nur , SRI RAHAYU  , NISA RACHMANIA MUBARIK  
Published: January 2020

Hoya multiflora Blume has been used for various purposes. Extract hoya has been reported to have bioactivity but extraction from the plant has been inefficient because it requires large biomass. Therefore, one of the appropriate ways to extract its bioactive compounds is using endophytic bacteria. The purposes of this research were to isolate, characterize, test its antimicrobial activity against two pathogenic bacteria and identify its bioactive compound. A total of 18 isolates from H. multiflora Blume were successfully obtained. Based on antimicrobial test, one isolate was able to inhibit Escherichia coli, one isolate inhibited Staphylococcus aureus and two isolates inhibited both of pathogenic bacteria. In addition, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ethyl acetate extract from HMB 1 was 62.5 ppm, while from HMD 4 was 125 ppm, both against E. coli and S. aureus. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis, HMB 1 was the most similar (99.91%) with Bacillus siamensis KCTC-13613 and HMD 4 was the most similar (100%) with Bacillus aryabhattai B82W22. Using GC-MS, pyrollo[1,2-a]-pyrazine-1,4-dione was found to be dominant compound in the exctract bacteria of HMB 1and HMD 4 while Stigmasterol was found in extract HMD 4 and extract leaves H. multiflora Blume, respectively.
Rights And Treatment Of Prisoners Of War Under Islamic International Humanitarian Law: A Legal Analysis
Authors: Abdullahi Ibrahim 
Published: January 2020

The central thrust of this paper is on the legal analysis of the rights and treatment of prisoners of war under Islamic International Humanitarian law. Islamic Law as a complete system of law has corresponding rules regulating the treatment of prisoners of war and imbibed therein is the elementary considerations of humanity. This paper makes use of the doctrinal methodology in making legal analysis of the Rights and Treatment of Prisoners of War under Islamic International Humanitarian and in so doing, making cross references with the International Humanitarian Laws of the Geneva Conventions. The paper concludes that the fundamental rules and principles relating to the rights of prisoners of war under Islamic Law show striking similarities with that of the Geneva Conventions. However, issues of maltreatment of persons detained in armed conflicts as well as lack of political will by belligerents to respect and prevent violation of International Humanitarian Law (IHL) are increasingly common area of concern to the extent that Islamic laws and norms relating to the rights and treatment of prisoners of war is a better alternative to conventional International Humanitarian Laws and can be used as a model for improving the contemporary International Legal Regime
Ethnic Politics and the Agitation for Restructuring Nigeria: Implication for National Development and Dialogue Initiative
Authors: Amiara Amiara, Solomon , Omeje Dr Paul  Uroku , Nwoikie Dr Kennth Igbomaka 
Published: January 2020

The evolution of NIgerian State is shrouded in cultural complexities that are built on linquistc variations and ethno-religious discontents. Asa a product of the British imperialism, the 1914 amaglmation of the northern and southern protectorates saw the emergence of what became an independent NigerianState on October 1, 1960. Thus, the activities of these imperialists led to the birth of Nigeria's naionalism which was couched in ethnic nationalism rather than true pan Nigerianism. This ethnocentrism has advertently deepened Nigeria's problems and led to the evolution of several regime system that manifested into resource control, independent movement and ethnic militants. Scholars and policy-makers alike, have over the last two decades tried several workable political system without actually arriving at any possible solution thereby stoking the flame of ethnic based crises that fraught Nigerian sovereignty. Against this background, the proclamation of the Sovereign State of Biafra was celebrated with attended war that followed therein. Therefore, it is understood that the aftermath of the war still linger and gave birth to Indigenous People of Biafra. While it could be said that the bulk of Nigerian resources are committed to finding solution to the existing political structures, it is obvious that the weighter problems arising from corruption, prebendalism and lack of true federalism that resulted to the evolution of ethnic millitias are still neglected. Therefore, the study identifies corruption, favouritism and nepotism as the majorproblems of ethnic politics in Nigeria while applying thematic, and historical analytical method as a method of analysis
Translating stakeholder pressure into environmental sustainability-Studying HRM practices as mediating role
Authors: Muhammad Rafiq 
Published: January 2020

The research contributes towards the surviving exploration of Human Resource management, hereafter referred as HRM practices, depending on the instrumental estimation of the partner weight which leaves an effect on the organizations choices. This examination imagines HRM hones as an arrangement of the administration process that organizations are attempting to actualize keeping in mind the end goal to react the partner weight which influences the ecological manageability of the firms. Partners may apply weight on association's to execute HRM hones which could prompt enhance the ecological manageability. The current study addresses partner weight for the execution of HRM hones inside the organizations. The principle reason for this exploration is to control the partner's weight and to fill the holes occurred by external stakeholder pressure inside the organizations.
The study examines the mediating effect of HRM practices with stakeholder pressure and environmental sustainability. This investigation depends on implementing the HRM practices and to control the stakeholder pressure within the firms. This investigation helps the managers to understand the importance of HRM hones. The collection of data is based on the primary and secondary sources. Primary sources are related to the questionnaires and secondary sources are related to the research articles. HR managers can use the result to control the stakeholders’ pressure and to improve the environmental sustainability. These findings are used to know about the variables that are creating the gap of communication and to decrease the pressure of stakeholders within the firms. It helps us to execute the new policies and norms within the firms.
the THE INFLUENCE OF PERCEIVED PRODUCT QUALITY AND PERCEIVED SERVICE QUALITY TOWARD CUSTOMER VALUE, BEHAVIOR INTENTION AND CUSTOMER RESPONSE RESIDENTIAL AREA IN SOUTH KALIMANTAN PROVINCE
Authors: Sutrisno  
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT
The research aims to analyze the influence of Perceived Product Quality And Perceived Service Quality Toward Customer Value, Behavior Intention And Customer Response Residential Area In South Kalimantan Province. The population in this research is the customer Residential Area In South Kalimantan Province. Sampling technique by using accidental sampling with selected respondents must meet predetermined criteria standards. because the population is very much. The number of samples as many as 120 responden, this was according to Ferdinand (2002:48). The analysis was using SPSS and using AMOS 20.0 software. The test results showed that only six hypothesis have a significant effect, namely: Perceived product quality significantly influence toward customer value in Residential Area In South Kalimantan Province, Perceived service quality significantly influence toward customer value in Residential Area In South Kalimantan Province, Perceived product quality significantly influence toward behavior intention customer in Residential Area In South Kalimantan Province, Perceived service quality significantly influence toward behavior intention customer in Residential Area In South Kalimantan Province, customer value significantly influence toward customer respon in Residential Area In South Kalimantan Province, customer intention significantly influence toward customer respon in Residential Area In South Kalimantan Province. While three other hypothesis have not significant namely: customer value have not significant influence to customer intention in Residential Area In South Kalimantan Province, perceived product quality have not significantly influence to customer response in Residential Area In South Kalimantan Province and perceived service quality have not significant influence toward customer response in Residential Area In South Kalimantan Province.

Keywords: Product Quality, Service Quality, Customer Value, Behavior Intention, Customer Response
THE EFFECT OF SERVICE QUALITY AND RELATIONAL EFFORTS ON TRANSACTION SATISFACTION, RELATIONAL OUTCOME AND CUSTOMER RETENTION IN RETAIL BUSINESS IN THE CITY OF BANJARMASIN
Authors: Noor ritawaty  
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT
The study aims to analyze the influence of the services quality and relational efforts relational satisfaction, relational outcomes and retention of customers in the retail business in the city of Banjarmasin. The population in this study is the consumer supermarket in the city of Banjarmasin, such as Hypermart, Giant. Lottemart, and Ramayana Robinson. Given the respondents in this study is homogeneous, so that the sample collection technique is systematic random sampling with selected respondents must meet predetermined criteria standards. because the population is not limited to, the proportional method used to determine the number of samples as many as 200. Data analysis using SPSS and AMOS 20.0 software.
From the test results that, only 7 hypothesis have a significant effect, namely: services Quality has significantly influence to customer satisfaction of retail transactions in Banjarmasin. Quality of service is a significant effect on the retention of retail customers in the city of Banjarmasin. Relational Efforts significant effect on satisfaction of customer transactions in Banjarmasin. Relational efforts has significant influence to outcome relational. Satisfaction transaction has significant influence to outcome relational retail customers in the city of Banjarmasin. Transactions Satisfaction has significant effect to the customer retention of retail customers in the city of Banjarmasin. Outcome relational has significant effect on the customersretention in the city of Banjarmasin.While two other hypothesis has not significant are: Quality of service not significant effect on relational outcomes retail customers in the city of Banjarmasin. Efforts relational no significant effect on the retention of retail customers in the city of Banjarmasin.

Keywords: Service Quality, Relational Effort, Transaction Satisfaction, Relational Outcomes, Customer Retention
Mediation Starring role of Student’s Satisfaction in Open Distance Learning in Sri Lanka
Authors: Perera M. J. Renuka , Abeysekera Nalin 
Published: January 2020

In the education environment Students’ Perceived Service Quality (SQ), Satisfaction (SAT) and students’ favourable or unfavourable behaviour can be considered as significant factors of students’ retention and accomplishment of registered programmes with in their stipulated time. The Open Distance Learning (ODL) is widely spread and established flexible pedagogy system with the fast-growing technological enhancement. Year by Year the student population has been drastically increased but completion rate has uncovered a very challenging situation. The service quality concepts which were limited only for customer-based criteria have originated various service quality significant factors and models in education field also. The purpose of this paper is to find out the significant service quality factors by using the modified SERVQUAL dimensions and the relationship between PSQ, SAT and Behavioural Intention (BI). For this study independent variables are Assurance, Empathy, Reliability, Responsiveness, and Website Content and dependent variables are Students’ PSQ, SAT and BI. The population was undergraduate students who have registered for academic year 2013/2014. The valid sample consisted with 744 students. Data collection were done by using a self-administered questionnaire and survey method. The significant relationships revealed; PSQ with Reliability, Responsiveness and Website Content. Further Students’ PSQ with SAT, PSQ with BI and SAT with BI. It is concluded that there is a strong relationship between PSQ and SAT in the ODL environment and a mediated relationship. The variance extracted from the PSQ and SAT were 26% and BI was 43%. It is recommended to select more SQ variables and should increase the sample size for more accuracy in future study as longitudinal. The implications will contribute theoretically and managerially to formulate practical guidelines and necessary strategies to improve the students’ favorable behaviour mediated by the Students’ SAT and PSQ.
CHOICE OF CREDIT FACILITIES: A STIMULANT FOR FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF SMES IN NIGERIA
Authors: Ajajyi Modupe Olayinka 
Published: January 2020

The study examined the effects of choice of credit facilities on the financial performance of SMEs in Nigeria while the specific objectives are to establish the influence of interest rate on loan and service on performance of registered SMEs in Ekiti State; investigate the influence of trade credits on performance of registered SMEs in Ekiti and examine the effect of asset financing on performance of registered SMEs in Ekiti State.
The population of the study comprised 1704 SMEs operators from 16 local government areas in Ekiti State Nigeria. The stratified sampling technique was used to select the sample size from the captive population. The total sample size is 324 SMEs. This is the minimum to go to field with. 10% of 324were added to the sample size, summing up to give 356 because of non-response rate.
To achieve the set objectives and hypotheses, both descriptive and inferential statistics were employed. In the descriptive analysis, the use of percentages comes to bare; more importantly in the areas of frequency of respondents to their views on the questions of research instrument. In specific terms, to achieve the objectives ANCOVA analysis were adopted.
The results revealed that interest loan and performance between the groups revealed that a statistically significant main effect [f(16.961, 14.244) = 9.207, p < .05], loan and performance between the groups revealed that a statistically significant main effect [f(8, 1) = 2.952, p < .05] and bonds and performance between the groups revealed that a statistically significant main effect [f(16, 1) = 4.998, p < .05].
The study concluded that there is improvement in businesses of the customers who use Micro-Credit loans, loan repayment is a smooth process and Cash and deposit account at depository institutions, the short term loan, there is no special terms granted, no, special terms occasionally granted and term frequently granted, capital provided by the owners or shareholders of the enterprise are credit worthiness that is your track record of repaying past debts.
THE EFFECT OF OSHA, WORK ENVIRONMENT AND WORK DISCIPLINE ON EMPLOYEE SATISFACTION AND EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE
Authors: Kunto  
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT
This study aims to analyze the effect of Occupational Safety and Health (OSHA), work environment and work discipline on job satisfaction and employee performance. The method used in this study is a survey conducted on the employees of PT. Maspion I Maxim Division of the Spray Coating Department. The sampling method uses saturated sampling, by taking the entire population of 70 employees to be respondents. The data used in this study are primary data. Data analysis and hypothesis testing in this study used Goodness of fit analysis in the Partial Least Square model. The results showed that the work environment and work discipline variables had a significant effect on employee performance while OSHA had no significant effect on employee performance. OSHA implementation and work discipline have a significant effect on job satisfaction. The environment has no significant effect on employee job satisfaction.

Keywords : OSHA, work environment, work discipline, job satisfaction, employee performance
‘To what extent does Amazon.com, Inc success be accredited to its organizational culture and ND Jeff Bezos's leadership style?
Authors: SOLANKI KALPANA 
Published: January 2020

This research aims at finding the answer to the research ‘To what extent does Amazon.com, Inc's success be accredited to its's organizational culture and ND Jeff Bezos's leadership style?
This research question is answered by using the concepts of Business management for identifying the organisational culture of Amazon and leadership style od Jeff Bezzo and later identify the role of the corporate culture and leadersip style in the success of Amazon.
The secondary research shows that Amazon has an extremenly positive and welcoming organizational culture along with effective leadership style of Jeff bezzo which has led to the success of the company. Organisational culture motivate the human resources of the company to give their best efforts towards excellent customer services and customer satisfaction.
The CEO jeff has inculcated a warn culture by injecting his values and used a mix of Authoratirian and democratic leadership style which has led to the success of the company. Human resources are the most important asset of every organisation and the positive organisational culture has contributed to the optimum utilization of the human resource capabilities in Amazon. The research essay end with the finding that the visonary leadership style of Jeff has inducted the long term values in the employees of Amazon. Amazon’s organisational culture can be depicted in the rituals, stories, behavior, communication, style, workplace practices, celebrations and dress code of the employees and management