bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sosialisasi Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS) Di SDS Islam “Plus” Al Manshur Banjarbaru
Authors: Irianty Hilda , Hayati Ridha , Suryanto Deni 
Published: November 2020

PHBS at school is a set of behaviors practiced by students, teachers and the school community on the basis of awareness as a learning outcome, so that they are able to independently prevent disease, improve their health, and play an active role in creating a healthy environment. The targets and outputs of this service are scientific publications in ISSN journals, publications on social media and the application of PHBS in schools. The method of implementing these activities is to use lecture, discussion and question and answer methods. The implementation of this service was carried out at SDS Islam Al Manshur Banjarbaru with 70 students and 2 homeroom teachers. The stages of this activity are carried out through 3 stages namely the first stage of preparation, the second stage of implementation and the third stage of evaluation. The conclusion obtained after counseling 90% of students understand about Clean & Healthy Behavior.
Validación de un algoritmo de obtención de biomarcadores de imágenes dinámicas de perfusión en tomografía computarizada
Authors: Navarro Guirado Félix , Martín-Viera Cueto Jose A , Roca Sogorb Mar , Alberich Bayarri Ángel 
Published: November 2020

A partir del análisis de las imágenes dinámicas de perfusión de contraste en tomografía computarizada, se pueden obtener parámetros que miden características fisiológicas relacionadas con la permeabilidad de los tejidos. Puesto que no existen elementos patrón con los que realizar calibraciones de los conjuntos de herramientas de adquisición y procesado, es necesario hacer una validación de los resultados obtenidos con el algoritmo aplicado a imágenes sintéticas. En este texto se estudia el desempeño en condiciones ideales y en presencia de ruido de un algoritmo de ajuste no lineal para la obtención de parámetros del modelo de Tofts extendido para imágenes de perfusión dinámica. En las pruebas se utiliza como fuente de datos unas imágenes sintéticas formadas a partir de valores conocidos de los parámetros del modelo.
The Role of Cutaneous Type I IFNs in Autoimmune and Autoinflammatory Diseases
Authors: Turnier Jessica L. , Kahlenberg J. Michelle 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
IFNs are well known as mediators of the antimicrobial response but also serve as important immunomodulatory cytokines in autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases. An increasingly critical role for IFNs in evolution of skin inflammation in these patients has been recognized. IFNs are produced not only by infiltrating immune but also resident skin cells, with increased baseline IFN production priming for inflammatory cell activation, immune response amplification, and development of skin lesions. The IFN response differs by cell type and host factors and may be modified by other inflammatory pathway activation specific to individual diseases, leading to differing clinical phenotypes. Understanding the contribution of IFNs to skin and systemic disease pathogenesis is key to development of new therapeutics and improved patient outcomes. In this review, we summarize the immunomodulatory role of IFNs in skin, with a focus on type I, and provide insight into IFN dysregulation in autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases.
Modeling the Impact of Population Intervention Strategies on Reducing Health Disparities: Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Interventions and Childhood Diarrheal Disease in Peru
Authors: Patrick Rudy , McElroy Sara , Schwarz Lara , Kayser Georgia , Benmarhnia Tarik 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACTAccess to safe water and basic sanitation and hygiene facilities (WASH) are important for childhood health globally. However, inequalities in WASH access persist, and local governments need to better understand the potential impact of scaling up WASH services on childhood health. Using 2011 Peru Demographic and Health Survey data as a case study, we applied a modified substitution estimator approach to assess the impact of scaling up access (20–100%) to WASH on diarrhea prevalence among children < 5 years. The modified substitution estimator approach can help identify population subgroups or areas where WASH interventions and sustained implementation could be most beneficial and reduce existing disparities. Using findings from a recent meta-analysis and computing bootstrapped estimates and 95% CIs, we examined inequalities in the effect of WASH on self-reported diarrhea by urbanicity, maternal education level, household wealth, and district of residence. Increasing access (100% change) to improved water sources, sanitation, and hygiene facilities reduced population-level prevalence of childhood diarrhea by 8.2% (95% CI: 4.1, 12.3), 5.5% (95% CI: 0.7, 9.8), and 5.2% (95% CI: 2.2, 8.1), respectively. In stratified analyses, increased access to improved water sources and hygiene facilities was associated with decreased prevalence of diarrhea, with the largest reduction in rural areas and households with lower maternal education and lower wealth. Our findings suggest targeted WASH implementation in Peru is needed in rural areas and among lower socioeconomic-status households. In addition, even low levels of change in overall WASH access may decrease diarrhea prevalence.
Plasma Kynurenine to Tryptophan Ratio Is Negatively Associated with Linear Growth of Children Living in a Slum of Bangladesh: Results from a Community-Based Intervention Study
Authors: Gazi Md. Amran , Das Subhasish , Siddique Md. Abdullah , Alam Md. Ashraful , Fahim Shah Mohammad , Hasan Md. Mehedi , Hossaini Farzana , Kabir Md. Mamun , Noor Zannatun , Haque Rashidul , Mahfuz Mustafa , Ahmed Tahmeed 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACTChronic exposure to infectious agents results in environmental enteric dysfunction—a significant contributor to childhood stunting. Low plasma tryptophan (TRP), increased kynurenine (KYN), and KYN–TRP (KT) ratio are associated with infections and chronic immune activation. We postulated that both these conditions are interlinked, and therefore aimed to identify the association between KT ratio and the linear growth of Bangladeshi children. A total of 480 stunted and at risk of being stunted children aged 12–18 months were enrolled and provided nutrition intervention for 90 days. Plasma samples were assessed using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry to measure TRP and KYN concentrations. Multivariable linear regression with generalized estimating equations was applied to analyze association between the KT ratio and linear growth. Tryptophan, KYN, and KT ratio were significantly higher in stunted children than in children at risk of being stunted both at baseline and at the end of nutrition intervention. Following intervention, the median (interquartile range [IQR]) KYN concentration was significantly reduced from 4.6 (3.6, 5.4) µmol/L to 3.9 (0.3, 7.6) µmol/L, and median (IQR) KT ratio decreased from 104 (80.9, 131) to 92.8 (6.6, 247) in stunted children. We also found KT ratio to be negatively associated (coefficient = −0.7; 95% CI = −1.13, −0.26; P-value = 0.002) with linear growth. In addition, KYN and KT ratio were positively correlated with fecal neopterin and plasma C-reactive protein, whereas TRP was negatively correlated with both of these biomarkers and alpha-1-acid glycoprotein. Our findings imply that KT ratio is associated in the pathophysiology of stunting as well as with biomarkers of inflammation in Bangladeshi children.
Sudomotor Changes in Hepatitis C Virus Infection with or without Diabetes Mellitus: A Pilot Study in Egyptian Patients
Authors: Tharwa El-Sayed , Mohamed Anwar , Elshazly Helmy , Salama Mohsen , Youssef Mohamed I. , Bakeer Mohammed Saied , Kamel Shimaa Y. , Abdelmageed Sabry Moawad , Shabana HosamEldeen Salah , Allam Mahmoud Abdelrashed , Al Shazly Sherief M. , Hamed Elsayed Fathi Ali , Zied Hassan Yousef , Elwazzan Doaa , Elkhadry Sally Waheed , Mahros Aya Mohammed , Ahmed Mohammed Hussien , Alwaseef Mohammad AbdElhameed Ahmed , Abdel-Samiee Mohamed 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACTHepatitis C virus (HCV) infection can affect the neurological system, and neuropathy is one of these manifestations. Hepatitis C virus infection is associated with diabetes mellitus (DM) type II, and diabetic patients are at higher risk of acquiring HCV infection. Sweat function has been proposed to assess early autonomic neuropathy. This study aimed to evaluate small fiber neuropathy in asymptomatic HCV-related cirrhotic patients with or without DM through sweat function assessment by Sudoscan test. Three groups were involved: 47 healthy controls, 48 HCV-related cirrhotic patients without DM (group 1), and 49 HCV-related cirrhotic patients with DM type II (group 2). All participants were subjected to liver panel tests, renal function tests, cell blood counts, HbA1c, and abdominal ultrasound. Sweat function was assessed in all patients and controls by measuring hand and feet electrochemical skin conductance (ESC, microSiemens [µS]) using Sudoscan. Peripheral neuropathy was detected in none of the controls, 39% of group 1 patients, and 62% of group 2 patients (P < 0.0001). The mean feet ESC (FESC) was 88.3 ± 6.8 µS in controls, 67.2 ± 19.2 µS in group 1, and 57.9 ± 19.4 µS in group 2 (P < 0.0001). A significant correlation was observed between FESC and bilirubin, albumin, creatinine, international normalized ratio, transaminases, and splenic size. Electrochemical skin conductance measurement is a valuable, noninvasive method for early detection of small fiber neuropathy in asymptomatic HCV-related cirrhosis, with or without DM.
The Role of Health in Education and Human Capital: Why an Integrated Approach to School Health Could Make a Difference in the Futures of Schoolchildren in Low-Income Countries
Authors: Cohee Lauren M. , Halliday Katherine E. , Gelli Aulo , Mwenyango Irene , Lavadenz Fernando , Burbano Carmen , Drake Lesley , Bundy Donald A. P. 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACTHealthy students learn better, yet most current investments in schoolchildren focus on education and learning while largely neglecting the health of the learner. Some school-based interventions, such as school feeding and deworming, are already successfully targeted at this age-group, but the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of such programs could be greatly enhanced by better integrated delivery alongside other priority health interventions. A symposium at the society’s 68th annual meeting launched a process to explore how integrated delivery of school-based interventions can address prevalent health conditions in school-age children.
Impact of Body Mass Index on the Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome among Infertile South Indian Women
Authors: Vembu Radha , Devi Mathivanan Nandini , Nellepalli Sanjeeva R , Pandurangi Monna , Nagireddy Siddhartha 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACTAim and objectiveTo study the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MBS) in different body mass index (BMI) group infertile women in both polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and non-PCOS subgroups.Materials and methodsA prospective cross-sectional study of all infertile women attending the outpatient in the department of reproductive medicine and surgery in a tertiary care center catering patients from South India was conducted. These women were categorized based on BMI into groups as ≤23 kg/m2, 23.1–25 kg/m2, 25.1–27 kg/m2, 27.1–30 kg/m2, and >30 kg/m2. They were further subdivided as PCOS and non-PCOS based on Rotterdam criteria (2003). These women underwent screening for MBS according to the modified American Heart Association/National Heart Lung Blood Institute AHA/NHLBI (ATP III 2005) definition. The results were analyzed for significance by the unpairedttest and the Chi-square test.ResultsA total of 1,030 infertile women were analyzed. The mean age was 28.8 ± 4.5 years; mean BMI was 26.9 ± 3.7 kg/m2. More than 90% of women had waist circumference >80 cm. The prevalence of MBS among the infertile women was 35.3% and among PCOS and non-PCOS women was 44.7 and 28.9%, respectively. Even though there was statistically no significant difference in the metabolic parameters among PCOS and non-PCOS subgroups in different BMI cutoff levels, there was an increase in abnormal metabolic parameters with increase in BMI. The prevalence of MBS in the BMI groups among PCOS women was 11.1, 28.1, 29.7, 51.8, and 73.6%, respectively (p= 0.0005) and among non-PCOS women was 4.9, 20.4, 24.6, 41.6, and 66.7%, respectively (p= 0.0005).ConclusionThe BMI is an independent risk factor for MBS in both PCOS and non-PCOS infertile women.Clinical significanceScreening for MBS in infertile women helps in early identification and primary prevention by lifestyle modification helps in delaying long-term consequences of type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases.How to cite this articleVembu R, Nandini Devi M, Nellepalli SR,et al. Impact of Body Mass Index on the Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome among Infertile South Indian Women. Int J Infertil Fetal Med 2019;10(3):42–45.
Complicated Triplet Gestation Reduced to Twins with Partial Hydatidiform Mole and a Coexisting Live Fetus: A Case Report Managed in a Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Kulkarni Ketki S , Dhanvij Minal P , Goel Anchal 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACTPregnancies with hydatidiform mole and a live fetus are extremely rare, arising in about 1 in 20,000–100,000 pregnancies. Multifetal gestations are increasing due to increase in infertility treatment, and so the complications related to it are on the verge of rising. Also, the partial mole with live fetus is a rare entity, and only few cases are reported in the literature. The objective of the study is reporting a rare case and reviewing the available literature in an attempt to make clinical guidelines. We are reporting a case of 36-year-old, elderly primigravida within vitrofertilization conception at 29.1 weeks of gestation with severe preeclampsia. She was triplet gestation in early ultrasonography scan reports, and fetal reduction was done at 11 weeks and reduced to twins. A lower segment cesarean section was done, and a healthy male fetus of 1,100 g was delivered. Placenta of the live triplet and the fetus papyraceous (200 g) was delivered with a thin cord attached to hydatidiform molar placenta and vesicles. The dilemma is whether to continue such pregnancy or to terminate it, as it is a critical issue to solve. The watchful monitoring of such cases can provide optimum outcome and prevention of metastasis.How to cite this article:Kulkarni KS, Dhanvij MP, Goel A. Complicated Triplet Gestation Reduced to Twins with Partial Hydatidiform Mole and a Coexisting Live Fetus: A Case Report Managed in a Tertiary Care Center. Int J Infertil Fetal Med 2019;10(3):58–62.
A deep insight into the ion foreshock with the help of test particle two-dimensional simulations
Authors: Savoini Philippe , Lembège Bertrand 
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Two-dimensional (2D) test particle simulations based on shock profiles issued from 2D full particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations are used in order to analyze the formation processes of ions back streaming within the upstream region after interacting with a quasi-perpendicular curved shock front. Two different types of simulations have been performed based on (i) a fully consistent expansion (FCE) model, which includes all self-consistent shock profiles at different times, and (ii) a homothetic expansion (HE) model in which shock profiles are fixed at certain times and artificially expanded in space. The comparison of both configurations allows one to analyze the impact of the front nonstationarity on the back-streaming population. Moreover, the role of the space charge electric field El is analyzed by either including or canceling the El component in the simulations.
A detailed comparison of these last two different configurations allows one to show that this El component plays a key role in the ion reflection process within the whole quasi-perpendicular propagation range. Simulations provide evidence that the different field-aligned beam (FAB) and gyro-phase bunched (GPB) populations observed in situ are essentially formed by a Et×B drift in the velocity space involving the convective electric field Et. Simultaneously, the study emphasizes (i) the essential action of the magnetic field component on the GPB population (i.e., mirror reflection) and (ii) the leading role of the convective field Et in the FAB energy gain. In addition, the electrostatic field component El is essential for reflecting ions at high θBn angles and, in particular, at the edge of the ion foreshock around 70∘. Moreover, the HE model shows that the rate BI% of back-streaming ions is strongly dependent on the shock front profile, which varies because of the shock front nonstationarity. In particular, reflected ions appear to escape periodically from the shock front as bursts with an occurrence time period associated to the self-reformation of the shock front.
Variability in epilimnion depth estimations in lakes
Authors: Wilson Harriet L. , Ayala Ana I. , Jones Ian D. , Rolston Alec , Pierson Don , de Eyto Elvira , Grossart Hans-Peter , Perga Marie-Elodie , Woolway R. Iestyn , Jennings Eleanor 
Published: November 2020

Abstract. The epilimnion is the surface layer of a lake typically characterised as well mixed and is decoupled from the metalimnion due to a steep change in density. The concept of the epilimnion (and, more widely, the three-layered structure of a stratified lake) is fundamental in limnology, and calculating the depth of the epilimnion is essential to understanding many physical and ecological lake processes. Despite the ubiquity of the term, however, there is no objective or generic approach for defining the epilimnion, and a diverse number of approaches prevail in the literature. Given the increasing availability of water temperature and density profile data from lakes with a high spatio-temporal resolution, automated calculations, using such data, are particularly common, and they have vast potential for use with evolving long-term globally measured and modelled datasets. However, multi-site and multi-year studies, including those related to future climate impacts, require robust and automated algorithms for epilimnion depth estimation. In this study, we undertook a comprehensive comparison of commonly used epilimnion depth estimation methods, using a combined 17-year dataset, with over 4700 daily temperature profiles from two European lakes. Overall, we found a very large degree of variability in the estimated epilimnion depth across all methods and thresholds investigated and for both lakes. These differences, manifesting over high-frequency data, led to fundamentally different understandings of the epilimnion depth. In addition, estimations of the epilimnion depth were highly sensitive to small changes in the threshold value, complex thermal water column structures, and vertical data resolution. These results call into question the custom of arbitrary method selection and the potential problems this may cause for studies interested in estimating the ecological processes occurring within the epilimnion, multi-lake comparisons, or long-term time series analysis. We also identified important systematic differences between methods, which demonstrated how and why methods diverged. These results may provide rationale for future studies to select an appropriate epilimnion definition in light of their particular purpose and with awareness of the limitations of individual methods. While there is no prescribed rationale for selecting a particular method, the method which defined the epilimnion depth as the shallowest depth, where the density was 0.1 kg m−3 more than the surface density, may be particularly useful as a generic method.
New flood frequency estimates for the largest river in Norway based on the combination of short and long time series
Authors: Engeland Kolbjørn , Aano Anna , Steffensen Ida , Støren Eivind , Paasche Øyvind 
Published: November 2020

Abstract. The Glomma River is the largest in Norway, with a catchment area of 154 450 km2. People living near the shores of this river are frequently exposed to destructive floods that impair local cities and communities. Unfortunately, design flood predictions are hampered by uncertainty since the standard flood records are much shorter than the
requested return period and the climate is also expected to change in the coming decades. Here we combine systematic historical and paleo information in an effort to improve flood frequency analysis and better understand potential linkages to both climate and non-climatic forcing. Specifically, we (i) compile historical flood data from the existing literature, (ii) produce high-resolution X-ray fluorescence (XRF), magnetic susceptibility (MS), and computed tomography (CT) scanning data from a sediment core covering the last 10 300 years, and (iii) integrate these data sets in order to better estimate design floods and assess non-stationarities. Based on observations from Lake Flyginnsjøen, receiving sediments from Glomma only when it reaches a certain threshold, we can estimate flood frequency in a moving window of 50 years across millennia revealing that past flood frequency is non-stationary on different timescales. We observe that periods with increased flood activity (4000–2000 years ago and <1000 years ago) correspond broadly to intervals with lower than average summer temperatures and glacier growth, whereas intervals with higher than average summer temperatures and receding glaciers overlap with periods of reduced numbers of floods (10 000 to 4000 years ago and 2200 to 1000 years ago). The flood frequency shows significant non-stationarities within periods with increased flood activity, as was the case for the 18th century, including the 1789 CE (“Stor-Ofsen”) flood, the largest on record for the last 10 300 years at this site. Using the identified non-stationarities in the paleoflood record allowed us to estimate non-stationary design floods. In particular, we found that the design flood was 23 % higher during the 18th century than today and that long-term trends in flood variability are intrinsically linked to the availability of snow in late spring linking climate change to adjustments in flood frequency.
The United States Information Service magazine World Today: American Cold War Politics and the Cultural Nationalism of Overseas Chinese
Authors: Du Ying 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This article discusses the United States Information Service (USIS)-sponsored Chinese-language magazine World Today (15 March 1952–December 1980) from its establishment to its editorial principle of being written by and for Chinese with a localized editorial mechanism. This article argues that the itinerary of World Today and its contents indicate the localization of American Cold War values and culture in Hong Kong by interweaving them with the cultivation of sentiment for Chinese cultural nationalism, and the transnationality of this sentiment by both targeting and engaging overseas Chinese around the world. This article also reflects on the difficulty that the USIS propaganda strategy had simultaneously accommodating the cultivation of Chinese nationalist sentiment, the promotion of American racial integration, and the transnationality of their target Chinese audiences.