bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An unusual Staphylococcus saccharolyticus spondylodiscitis post kyphoplasty: a case report
Authors: Trojani Marie-Charlotte , Lamy Brigitte , Ruimy Raymond , Amoretti Nicolas , Risso Karine , Roux Christian 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Staphylococcus saccharolyticus is a rarely encountered coagulase-negative, which grows slowly and its strictly anaerobic staphylococcus from the skin. It is usually considered a contaminant, but some rare reports have described deep-seated infections. Virulence factors remain poorly known, although, genomic analysis highlights pathogenic potential.

Case presentation
We report a case of Staphylococcus saccharolyticus spondylodiscitis that followed kyphoplasty, a procedure associated with a low rate but possible severe infectious complication (0.46%), and have reviewed the literature. This case specifically stresses the risk of healthcare-associated S. saccharolyticus infection in high-risk patients (those with a history of alcoholism and heavy smoking).

Conclusion
S. saccharolyticus infection is difficult to diagnose due to microbiological characteristics of this bacterium; it requires timely treatment, and improved infection control procedure should be encouraged for high-risk patients.
Outcomes of arteriovenous access among cancer patients requiring chronic haemodialysis
Authors: Jeong Seonjeong , Kwon Hyunwook , Chang Jai Won , Han Youngjin , Kwon Tae-Won , Cho Yong-Pil 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
There are limited data focusing specifically on the types of arteriovenous (AV) access used and outcomes of AV access among cancer patients as a consequence of cancer. We aimed to describe outcomes of AV access among cancer patients requiring chronic haemodialysis, and also to compare outcomes between patients with and without cancer.

Methods
In this single-centre, retrospective, observational cohort study, 84 patients diagnosed with cancer before AV access placement were included; we analysed outcomes of AV access among these patients and compared these outcomes with our previous results. The study endpoints were AV access patency and early failure, defined as AV access abandonment within 12 months after AV access placement.

Results
Various cancer types, stages, and treatments were identified in our analysis. Autologous arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) were used for 92.9% of this study population. Using our previous results for comparison, we found no significant difference in death-censored primary (P = 0.546) and secondary (P = 0.266) patency of AV access between patients with and without cancer; however, the rate of early AVF failure was statistically significantly higher among cancer patients (25.6% vs 13.9%; P = 0.008), and the most common cause of AVF failure was patient death. The rate of early failure was significantly higher among patients with advanced-stage cancer (59.1%) than among those with early-stage cancer (12.9%) (P <  0.001).

Conclusions
Although AV access patency rates were similar among patients with and without cancer in the death-censored analysis, cancer patients were more prone to early AVF failure, mainly due to cancer-associated deaths, and this consideration needs to be carefully balanced against individual patients’ life expectancies, according to cancer type and stage.
Functional evaluation with microperimetry in large idiopathic macular holes treated by a free internal limiting membrane flap tamponade technique
Authors: Huang Peirong , Wang Hong , Chen Fenge , Chen Jieqiong , Hu Yifan , Sun Junran , Feng Jingyang , Zhu Hong 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Free internal limiting membrane (ILM) flap tamponade technique is an alternative choice for treating large idiopathic macular holes (IMHs). However, the functional recovery related to this surgical approach is not well-characterized. This study aimed to evaluate morphological and microperimetric outcomes 6 months after free ILM flap tamponade technique for large IMHs.

Methods
Twenty-two patients (22 eyes) with large IMHs (minimal diameter > 400 μm) were retrospectively enrolled in this study. All patients underwent 23-gauge pars plana vitrectomy with ILM peeling and free ILM flap tamponade procedures. Snellen best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), optical coherence tomography (OCT), and MP-1 microperimetry were measured at baseline and 6 months after surgery. Associations of postoperative BCVA with retinal sensitivity were detected.

Results
Macular hole closure was achieved in 21 eyes (95.5%). Dislodgement of free ILM flap was found in non-closed eye. Mean logMAR BCVA improved from 1.10 ± 0.33 at baseline to 0.67 ± 0.32 at 6 months postoperatively (P < 0.001). The mean overall macular sensitivity and foveal fixation stability increased respectively from 8.58 ± 3.05 dB and 65.64 ± 17.28% before surgery to 11.55 ± 2.72 dB and 78.59 ± 13.00% at 6 months after surgery (P < 0.001). The mean change in foveal sensitivity (within 2°) was significantly greater than the change achieved for peri-foveal sensitivity (2° to 10°) by 1.50 ± 2.62 dB (P = 0.014). Linear regression analysis showed that postoperative logMAR BCVA was significantly associated with duration of symptom (B = 0.063, P = 0.001), preoperative logMAR BCVA (B = 0.770, P = 0.000), preoperative peri-foveal (B = − 0.065, P = 0.000) and foveal sensitivity (B = − 0.129, P = 0.000). Moreover, multiple regression model revealed that preoperative foveal sensitivity was independently associated with postoperative logMAR BCVA (B = − 0.430, P = 0.040).

Conclusions
Vitrectomy combined with ILM peeling and free ILM flap tamponade technique results in effective morphological and functional recovery for large IMHs. Preoperative foveal sensitivity might be a prognostic indicator for postoperative BCVA.
Timing of liver transplantation for pediatric acute liver failure due to mushroom poisoning: a case report and literature review
Authors: Yang Chun-Feng , Sheng Chu-Qiao , Ao Yu , Li Yu-Mei 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Pediatric acute liver failure is a rare, life-threatening illness. Mushroom poisoning is a rare etiology. For patients with irreversible pediatric acute liver failure, liver transplantation is the ultimate lifesaving therapy. However, it is difficult to determine the optimal timing of transplantation. Here, we present a case of pediatric acute liver failure due to mushroom poisoning in northeastern China. He was treated with liver transplantation and recovered. To our knowledge, there are few reports about liver transplantation for pediatric acute liver failure caused by mushroom poisoning in mainland China.

Case presentation
The patient was a previously healthy 9-year-old boy who gradually developed nausea, vomiting, jaundice and coma within 5 days after ingesting mushrooms. He was diagnosed with mushroom poisoning and acute liver failure. He was treated with conservative care but still deteriorated. On the 7th day after poisoning, he underwent LT due to grade IV hepatic encephalopathy. Twenty days later, he recovered and was discharged. A review of the literature revealed that the specific criteria and optimal timing of transplantation remain to be determined.

Conclusions
Patients with pediatric acute liver failure should be transferred to a center with a transplant unit early. Once conservative treatment fails, liver transplantation should be performed.
Patient-reported outcomes in major depressive disorder with suicidal ideation: a real-world data analysis using PatientsLikeMe platform
Authors: Borentain Stephane , Nash Abigail I. , Dayal Rachna , DiBernardo Allitia 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
The current analysis utilized data collected via an online patient community platform, PatientsLikeMe (PLM) to compare patient-reported experiences in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) with suicidal ideation (MDSI) to those with MDD but without suicidal ideation.

Methods
PLM members who joined PLM between May-2007 and February-2018 and reported a diagnosis of MDD were included. The MDSI cohort included patients with MDD who reported at least one suicide-related symptom at a severity greater than “none”. Demographics, comorbidities, symptoms, and side-effects were compared between MDSI and MDD cohorts. Factors correlated with suicidal ideation (SI) were determined by a random forest procedure.

Results
Patients in the MDSI cohort (n = 266) were younger (median age, 36 vs 44 years) with an earlier disease onset (before 30 years, 83% vs 71%), and a longer diagnosis latency (median, 4 vs 2 years) vs patients in the MDD cohort (n = 11,963). Majority of patients were women in both cohorts (73% vs 83%). Median number of psychiatric comorbidities was higher in the MDSI cohort (4 vs 3). Unprompted symptoms (e.g., loneliness, feeling of hopelessness, social anxiety, impulsivity, and self-hating thoughts) were more frequent in the MDSI cohort. Hopelessness, loneliness, anhedonia, social anxiety, and younger age were highly correlated with suicidal ideation.

Conclusions
This analysis utilized patient-reported data to better understand symptoms, experiences, and characteristics of patients with MDSI compared to patients with MDD. The results identified various risk factors correlated with suicidal ideation that may help guide clinical judgement for patients with MDD who may not voluntarily report suicidal ideation.
Randomized control trial of advanced cancer patients at a private hospital in Kenya and the impact of dignity therapy on quality of life
Authors: Weru John , Gatehi Miriam , Musibi Alice 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Palliative care is a modality of treatment that addresses physical, psychological and spiritual symptoms. Dignity therapy, a form of psychotherapy, was developed by Professor Harvey Chochinov, MD in 2005.The aim of the study was to assess the effect of one session of dignity therapy on quality of life in advanced cancer patients.

Methods
This was a randomized control trial of 144 patients (72 in each arm) randomized into group 1 (intervention arm) and group 2 (control arm). Baseline ESAS scores were determined in both arms following which group 1 received Dignity therapy while Group 2 received usual care only. Data collected was presented as printed (Legacy) documents to group 1 participants. These documents were a summary of previous discussions held. Post intervention ESAS scores were obtained in both groups after 6 weeks. Analysis was based on the intention to treat principle and descriptive statistics computed. The main outcome was symptom distress scores on the ESAS (summated out of 100 and symptom specific scores out of 10). The student T-test was used to test for difference in ESAS scores at follow up and graphs were computed for common cancers and comorbidities.

Results
Of the 144 (72 patients in each arm) patients randomized, 70%were female while 30% were male with a mean age of 50 years. At 6 weeks, 11 patients were lost to follow up, seven died and 126 completed the study. The commonly encountered cancers were gastrointestinal cancers (43%, p = 0.29), breast cancer (27.27% p = 0.71) and gynaecologic cancers (23% p = 0.35). Majority of the patients i.e. 64.3% had no comorbidities.
The primary analysis results showed higher scores for the DT group (change in mean = 1.57) compared to the UC group (change in mean = − 0.74) yielding a non-statistically significant difference in change scores of 1.44 (p = 0.670; 95% CI − 5.20 to 8.06). After adjusting for baseline scores, the mean (summated) symptom distress score was not significant (GLM p = 0.78). Dignity therapy group showed a trend towards statistical improvement in anxiety (p = 0.059). The largest effects seen were in improvement of appetite, lower anxiety and improved wellbeing (Cohen effect size 0.3, 0.5 and 0.31 respectively).

Conclusion
Dignity therapy showed no statistical improvement in overall quality of life. Symptom improvement was seen in anxiety and this was a trend towards statistical significance (p = 0.059).

Trial registration
Trial registration number PACTR201604001447244 retrospectively registered with Pan African Clinical trials on 28th January 2016.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Curcumin inhibits the migration of osteoclast precursors and osteoclastogenesis by repressing CCL3 production
Authors: Liang Zhengeng , Xue Yan , Wang Tao , Xie Qi , Lin Jiafu , Wang Yu 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Curcumin can inhibit the osteoclastogenesis and the migration of several cells including macrophages. Osteoclast precursors (OCPs) are known to exist as bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs). This study aims to explore whether curcumin can prevent the fusion and differentiation of OCPs to mature osteoclasts by inhibiting OCP migration.

Methods
In this study, we investigated the role of curcumin in regulating the production of several chemokines (CCL2, CCL3 and CX3CL1) and the migration of OCPs by ELISA, Western blotting and Transwell assays. Furthermore, we explored the role of curcumin in the chemokines-related osteoclastogenesis using pharmacological intervention and virus infection, and used ovariectomized (OVX) mice (osteoporosis model) to explore the effect of curcumin on the production of specific chemokine in vivo.

Results
The results showed that curcumin significantly reduced the production of CCL3 in OCPs. Moreover, curcumin-inhibited the migration of OCPs was not affected by CCR1 (Receptor of CCL3) overexpression. Remarkably, curcumin-reduced osteoclastogenesis was significantly reversed by CCL3 addition, while CCR1 overexpression did not increase the osteoclastogenesis in the presence of curcumin. Furthermore, in vivo assays also showed that curcumin significantly reduced the production of CCL3 in OCPs in the trabecular bone of OVX mice.

Conclusions
In conclusion, curcumin prevents the migration of OCPs by reducing CCL3 production, ultimately inhibiting the formation of mature osteoclasts. Therefore, our study provides the clues for improving the clinical strategies of osteoporosis, dental implantation or orthodontic treatment.
Patient expectations, experiences and satisfaction with nintedanib and pirfenidone in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a quantitative study
Authors: Moor C. C. , Mostard R. L. M. , Grutters J. C. , Bresser P. , Aerts J. G. J. V. , Dirksen C. D. , Kimman M. L. , Wijsenbeek M. S. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Two antifibrotic drugs, nintedanib and pirfenidone, are available for treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Although efficacy and adverse events have been well studied, little is known about patient experiences with these drugs. We aimed to systematically and quantitatively evaluate patient expectations, experiences, and satisfaction with nintedanib and pirfenidone. Furthermore, we assessed which factors were associated with overall patient satisfaction with medication.

Methods
Outpatients with IPF prospectively completed the Patient Experiences and Satisfaction with Medication (PESaM) questionnaire before start, and after three and 6 months of antifibrotic treatment, as part of a randomized eHealth trial (NCT03420235). The PESaM questionnaire consists of an expectation module, a validated generic module evaluating patient experiences and satisfaction concerning the effectiveness, side-effects, and ease of use of a medication, and a disease-specific module about IPF. Satisfaction was scored on a scale from − 5 (very dissatisfied) to + 5 (very satisfied).

Results
In total, 90 patients were included, of whom 43% used nintedanib and 57% pirfenidone. After 6 months, the mean overall score for satisfaction with medication was 2.1 (SD 1.9). No differences were found in experiences and satisfaction with medication, and the number and severity of side-effects between nintedanib and pirfenidone. Perceived effectiveness of medication was rated as significantly more important than side-effects and ease of use (p = 0.001). Expectations of patients regarding effectiveness were higher than experiences after 6 months. Self-reported experience with effectiveness was the main factor associated with overall medication satisfaction.

Conclusions
Patient experiences and satisfaction with antifibrotic treatment were fairly positive, and similar for nintedanib and pirfenidone. Systematic evaluation of patient expectations, experiences, and satisfaction with medication could enhance shared-decision making and guide drug treatment decisions in the future.

Trial registration
NCT03420235.
Uptake, translocation and biotransformation of selenium nanoparticles in rice seedlings (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Wang Kang , Wang Yaqi , Li Kui , Wan Yanan , Wang Qi , Zhuang Zhong , Guo Yanbin , Li Huafen 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Selenium (Se) in soil mainly consists of selenite, selenate, and elemental Se. However, little is known about the mechanism involved in the uptake and biotransformation of elemental Se by plants.

Results
In this study, the uptake, translocation, subcellular distribution and biotransformation of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) in rice (Oryza sativa L.), and a comparison with selenite and selenate, were investigated through hydroponic experiments. The study revealed that SeNPs could be absorbed by rice plants; and aquaporin inhibitor was responsible for a 60.4% inhibition of SeNP influx, while metabolic inhibitor was ineffective. However, the SeNPs uptake rate of rice roots was approximately 1.7 times slower than that of selenite or selenate. Under the SeNPs or selenite treatment, Se was primarily accumulated in roots rather than in shoots, whereas an opposite trend was observed with selenate treatment. Additionally, most of the absorbed Se was distributed in cell wall of the SeNPs or selenite treated-rice plants, while its proportion was the highest in soluble cytosol of the selenate treated-rice plants. The absorbed SeNPs or selenite was rapidly assimilated to organic forms, with SeMet being the most predominant species in both shoots and roots of the rice plants. However, following selenate treatment, Se(VI) remained as the most predominant species, and only a small amount of it was converted to organic forms.

Conclusion
Therefore, this study provides a deeper understanding of the mechanisms associated SeNPs uptake and biotransformation within plants.
Extra-gastrointestinal stromal tumor arising in the lesser omentum with a platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRA) mutation: a case report and literature review
Authors: Kanamori Kohei , Yamagata Yukinori , Honma Yoshitaka , Date Keiichi , Wada Takeyuki , Hayashi Tsutomu , Otsuki Sho , Sekine Shigeki , Yoshikawa Takaki , Katai Hitoshi , Nishida Toshiro 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) arising from sites other than the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, termed extra-gastrointestinal stromal tumors (EGIST), are rare. Among EGIST, those with platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRA) mutations are even rarer, with only a few cases reported. About 80% of GIST has KIT mutations, and 10% of GIST have PDGFRA mutations, which commonly affect the TK2 domain (exon 18). Among the exon 18 mutations, the D842V substitution is limited to gastric GIST. In EGIST, the degree of KIT and PDGFRA mutations varies on where the location of the tumor is, and it is suggested that omental EGIST is similar to gastric GIST. Adjuvant imatinib therapy is recommended for high-risk GIST; however, it is known that imatinib is less effective against GIST with a PDGFRA D842V mutation.

Case presentation
A 75-year-old man was referred to our hospital with an extrinsic tumor of the lesser curvature of the gastric body. Intraoperative findings showed a tumor located outside of the lesser omentum with no connection between the tumor and the gastric wall. The tumor was subsequently resected. Pathological examination indicated a GIST arising in the lesser omentum measuring 70 mm in its longer dimension. Because the tumor had a PDGFRA mutation (D842V substitution), imatinib was suspected to lack efficacy to the tumor. Thus, although the tumor was considered clinically to have a high risk of recurrence, adjuvant imatinib therapy was not indicated. The patient has been free of recurrence for 29 months since the surgery.

Conclusion
We described a case of EGIST with a PDGFRA mutation arising in the lesser omentum. And we reviewed 57 cases of omental EGIST and showed that the clinicopathological characteristics and mutation status in omental EGIST were very similar to gastric GIST. In particular, PDGFAR D842V mutation rate in omental EGIST seemed as high as that in gastric GIST. These results suggested that omental EGIST is strongly related to gastric GIST, so the behavior of omental EGIST might be akin to gastric GIST. However, further studies are required to determine the prognosis and the necessity of adjuvant therapy for EGIST with a PDGFRA mutation.
AMPK activation overcomes anti-EGFR antibody resistance induced by KRAS mutation in colorectal cancer
Authors: Ye Hua , Liu Yi , Wu Kefeng , Luo Hui , Cui Liao 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is associated with resistance to anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) antibodies (both acquired and intrinsic), owing to the amplification or mutation of the KRAS oncogene. However, the mechanism underlying this resistance is incompletely understood.

Methods
DLD1 cells with WT (+/−) or KRAS G13D mutant allele were treated with different concentrations of Cetuximab (Cet) or panitumumab (Pab) to study the mechanism underlying the KRAS mutation-induced resistance to anti-EGFR antibodies. The function of AMPK in KRAS mutation-induced resistance to anti-EGFR antibodies in CRC cells, and the regulatory role of Bcl-2 family proteins in DLD1 cells with WT or mutated KRAS upon AMPK activation were investigated. In addition, xenograft tumor models with the nude mouse using DLD1 cells with WT or mutated KRAS were established to examine the effects of AMPK activation on KRAS mutation-mediated anti-EGFR antibody resistance.

Results
Higher levels of AMPK activity in CRC cells with wild-type KRAS treated with anti-EGFR antibody resulted in apoptosis induction. In contrast, CRC cells with mutated KRAS showed lower AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity and decreased sensitivity to the inhibitory effect of anti-EGFR antibody. CRC cells with mutated KRAS showed high levels of glycolysis and produced an excessive amount of ATP, which suppressed AMPK activation. The knockdown of AMPK expression in CRC cells with WT KRAS produced similar effects to those observed in cells with mutated KRAS and decreased their sensitivity to cetuximab. On the contrary, the activation of AMPK by metformin (Met) or 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide (AICAR) could overcome the KRAS-induced resistance to the anti-EGFR antibody in vivo and in vitro. The activation of AMPK resulted in the inhibition of myeloid cell leukemia 1 (Mcl-1) translation through the suppression of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway.

Conclusion
The results established herein indicate that targeting AMPK is a potentially promising and effective CRC treatment strategy.