bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Overestimation of heat tolerance calls for health promotion to limit occupational heat risk
Authors: Hanna L 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Global warming is accelerating. One degree C warming across Australia has generated a six-fold increase in heat extremes, as days above 35oC (and upwards of 45oC) are increasingly common. Many industries require staff to engage in outdoor work, often involving high levels of physical intensity. Compliance with occupational heat guidelines is reportedly low. Adoption of health protective strategies requires accurate risk perception. Australian heat exposed workers report discomfort when working in hot weather, yet little is known about their personal risk assessment.

Methods
Heat exposed outdoor workers across Australia (n = 112) completed pre-study surveys about their personal heat tolerance and completed daily heat diaries (n = 3421) to record their thermal comfort, heat symptoms and productivity, whilst on-site maximum temperatures and humidity were monitored.

Results
Daily maximum temperatures ranged from 18-43oC, and WBGT levels in parts of Australia exceed hazardous levels most days throughout summer. Significant overestimation of thermal tolerance was reported, as “feeling too hot to keep working” and emergence of symptoms occurred up to ten degrees lower than expected.

Conclusions
Heat exposed workers consistently over-estimate their thermotolerance and capacity to perform physically intensive work. Increasing frequency and intensity of heat waves escalates future risks of health harm and deaths among heat exposed workers. Health protection necessitates active health education/ health promotion campaigns to better align perceived and actual health risks. Main messages: Global warming presents intensifying health and productivity threats. Widespread lack of recognition of personal health threats suggests a critical need for heath education/promotion to increase heat guideline compliance

Key messages
Increasing frequency and intensity of heat waves from climate change escalates future risks of health harm and deaths among heat exposed workers who over-estimate their thermotolerance. Widespread lack of recognition of personal heat exposure threats suggests a critical need for health education/promotion to increase heat guidelines compliance.
Oral health assessment in Senegal: stepwise method
Authors: Kanouté A , Diop M , Dieng S , Mbow S , Niang S , Gaye A , Cisse M K , Faye D 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
The STEPwise approach to surveillance (STEPS) helps to assess the prevalence and risk factors of major chronic diseases. Designed to have the ability to integrate optional modules, it allows any attitude to collect data according to planning, prevention and advocacy strategies for the allocation of resources of member countries. The Ministry of Health of Senegal took the option in 2015 to include the oral health module in the STEPS program. This original public health approach has necessitated the development of specific methods and tools that are presented in this communication.

Methodology
On the initiative of the WHO Regional Office for Africa and the Ministry of Health of Senegal, behavioral, clinical and biological modules have been validated to identify risk factors and the prevalence of dental and periodontal diseases. Integrated into the Stepwise National Observational Transversal Study, including 6306 adults aged 18-69, these modules provide a framework for future studies. The evaluation of the program, via a SWOT analysis, formalizes the positive and negative points and identifies the factors of its environment that may favorably or negatively influence the recommendations.

Results
62.5% of subjects had never used oral care. The prevalence of caries was 76.3% with an average DMF of 5.5. Strong institutional political will to promote oral health as well as good intra sectoral collaboration emerge. However, the economic constraints remain for a sustainability as well as a limit in the harmonization and the political valorization of the data in terms of recommendations of strategies of health.

Conclusions
Integrating oral health into the Stepwise survey provides national information in a context of scarcity of resources. Obtaining integrated quality data should allow for a standardized extension of the program to other countries in the Africa region, subject to adjustments and corrective measures.

Key messages
Integrating oral health into the Stepwise survey provides national information in a context of scarcity of resources. Obtaining integrated quality data should allow for a standardized extension of the program to other countries in the Africa region.
Peer support program (P-SUP) to strengthen self-management in patients with chronic conditions
Authors: Giesen L , Könnecke H , Redaèlli M , Simic D , Heßbrügge M , Vitinius F , van der Arend I , Graf C , Biallas B , Stock S 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Chronic care programmes (CCPs) ensure a standardised, evidence based and structured patient care. In Germany, CCPs are successful in improving quality of care and making care more patient-centred. Regarding self-management support, however, the programs only feature patient education and shared decisions on treatment goals. Peer support has proven to be a successful component in outpatient care to enhance self-management. The aim of this study is to support patients with type 2 diabetes and coronary artery disease in conducting successful self-management through a multimodal program.

Methods
This randomized controlled trial (RCT) is set up for 27 months and will include a study population of approximately 1800 patients, beginning in summer 2020. The primary outcome (PO) is the reduction of hospital admissions. In addition to the PO, secondary outcomes include motivational and knowledge-based aspects. Furthermore, health-competitive and health-economic data will be collected. The formative evaluation will review the processes for implementation. The central element of the intervention will be peer support groups, in which the group will participate in physical activities and educational lectures on nutrition, exercise or disease related knowledge. Additionally, a specially designed online platform, personalized feedback for patients on medical outcomes from their family doctors, and regular telephone coaching to increase intrinsic motivation and activation will be provided.

Results
In addition to the primary outcome (reduction of hospital admissions), increased motivation levels, improved quality of life and increased health literacy are expected.

Conclusions
This project, funded by the Federal Joint Committee (establishment of statutory health insurance funds and medical providers in Germany), can serve as a blueprint for future implementations of public health approaches and accessible care models for patients with chronic conditions.

Key messages
Peer support as a successful method to enhance self-management in patients with type 2 diabetes and coronary artery disease. A multimodal program, consisting of peer support groups, an online platform, personalized medical feedback and telephone coaching, aiming to improve quality of life in patients with chronic conditions.
An assessment of environmental awareness of internally displaced people in the north east of Nigeria
Authors: Kashim I , Kashim R 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
In the North-East of Nigeria, an 11-year insurgency resulted in displacement of 2.1 million people. This study examined the environmental awareness of Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) in two States (Borno, Taraba States) in the region to determine whether environment factors may have contributed to their displacement. 2 aspects of the environment were studied i) Water quality & sources ii) Land cover.

Methods
Focus Group Discussions were held with IDPs in 2 camps per State. The target groups interviewed were; Adult men, Adult women, Traditional Leaders.

Results
When asked of the quality of drinking water in their homeland, all the Traditional Leaders in Taraba State said the water was not clean, polluted or harmful. Adult Women in the same camp said: “We get water from the river shared with cattle, this led to crises between us and the herdsmen.” “Our water is polluted due to the death of frogs”. When asked of landcover/trees etc. and the environment in their homelands, some Taraba camp Leaders said, “Trees are being constantly cut for firewood.” When asked if there were changes in their homeland environment in the last 10 years; the predominant response was that there was reduced land cover. In addition, water sources and quality has reduced.

Conclusions
The IDPs in the 2 States are aware of environmental changes in the last 10 years, Taraba was characterized by dwindling tree/land cover, and changes in water quality as a result of drying with sharing water sources with cattle. Displacement was directly as a result of invasion of Herdsmen. Borno is characterized by loss of tree cover with flash floods occurring, the cause of displacement is the Boko Haram insurgency. Recommendations: Validate findings by further studies on the environment in the region, especially conflicts related to water scarcity and implications for displacement. In addition, increase efforts to prevent deforestation resulting from climate change and displacement.

Key messages
Environmental protection systems should be set up and enforced by State government. Internal displacement in Taraba is from environment related causes with attendant negative impact.
A shared battle against cancer: overcoming screening uptake differences within European countries
Authors: Villani L , Riccardi M T , Barbara A , Sabetta T , Nurchis M C , Sabetta A , Solipaca A , Ricciardi W 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of dead in Europe and it is responsible of more than 30% of all deaths. For this reason, European Union (EU) identified the battle against cancer as a priority for the European Research Program 2021-2027.About 40% of total deaths for cancers could be prevented with screening.Validated screening test are available for breast (BC), cervical (CC) and colorectal cancers (CRC).
In 2003 the Recommendation of the European Council indicated the right timing and the population target but, nowadays, the percentage of screening within EU is low and consistent differences persist among States.In 2020 there are still countries that don't have population-based screening programs. Last data available for all 28 EU countries are referred to 2014. Data were retrieved from “Osservasalute” reports and Global Burden of Disease database.Pearson test and a paired t test were used to describe correlation between mortality and screening coverage rates.
In 2014 the mean percentage of screening was 70.7% for CC, 68.7% for BC and 31.3% for CRC and the mean of mortality rate was of 2.1, 10.4 and 17.2 for 100,000, respectively.The rate of mortality did not change significantly in 2017 (2, 10 and 16 for 100,000 respectively).The median coverage is 67 for BC [IR: 43-91], 21.4 for CRC [IR: -3-46] and 70.6 for CC [IR: 54-87]. Pearson test resulted in a negative correlation for all three cancers equal to -0.045, -0.060 and -0.561, respectively.A higher adherence to screening programs is significantly associated to lower mortality rates in all the three types of cancer (p &lt; 0.01).
Even if many factors determine the rate of cancer mortality, screening represents the best method to early diagnosis and treatment.Up-to-date data are needed to correctly monitor progress towards the common goal of reaching the entire target population with screenings.A strong leadership at international level is necessary to improve screening programs all over EU and support screening campaigns.

Key messages
Screening is one of the most efficient and life-saving way to prevent cancer. It is needed to improve screening adherence through population-based programmes both at international and national level. Last data available for all EU countries are referred to 2014. It is necessary to update the data in order to enhance the understanding of screening efficiency.
Cardiovascular Risk estimates in ten years in the Brazilian population, a population-based study
Authors: Carvalho Malta D , Cisalpino P , Teixeira R , Eloah Machado I , Malta dos Santos F , Martins Dias de Andrade F , Michelete Gomide A C , Vitral Pinto I , Pinho Ribeiro A 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality, high health costs and significant economic losses. The Framingham score has been widely used to stratify the risk of the evaluated individuals, identifying those at higher risk for the implementation of prevention measures directed to this group.

Objective
Estimate the cardiovascular risk of developing cardiovascular event in 10 years, in the adult Brazilian population.

Methods
Cross-sectional study using laboratory data from da National Health Survey, 2014 and 2015, were used to calculate cardiovascular risk (CVR). Algorithms proposed by D`Agostino (2008) were used, based on the Framingham study, stratified by sex, was used. According to the guidelines of the Brazilian cardiology society, the following cutoff points for cardiovascular risk in 10 years were used: a) low CVR &lt;5%, medium CVR (5 to &lt; 20%) and high CVR (≥ 20%). The study estimated the general cardio vascular risk and the respective confidence intervals (95% CI).

Results
Most women 58.4% had low cardiovascular risk, 32.9% medium risk and 8.7% high risk. Among men, 36.5% had low cardiovascular risk, 41.9% medium risk and 21.6% high risk. The risk increased with age. The difference in CVR according to years of schooling was about five times, between high schooling (12 years of schooling and more) and (&lt;8 years of schooling) (3.2%: 95% CI 2.4 - 4.4 versus 15, 7%: 95% CI 13.5-18.3). Black women had a higher proportion in the highest risk group ( &gt; = 20%), 14.4% (95% CI 9.7-20.9), than white women, 7.3 (95% CI 5.8 - 9.1). The poor self-rated health showed the greatest difference, the population that self-rated with very good health 2.9% (95% CI 1.3-3.6) and very poor health 25.6% (12.7-45, 0).

Conclusions
The risk score is useful to support the prevention practices of these diseases, considering the clinical and epidemiological context.

Key messages
This is the first national population-based study to estimate RCV for the Brazilian adult population using laboratory data, being useful to identify the priority population for public health. Population with less education has a higher risk cardiovascular, and should be a priority for prevention actions in public health.
Night shift work, sleep quality and risk of endocrine-related cancer: a systematic review
Authors: Ling L , Shah S , Hussain J , Stranges S , Anderson K 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Cancer is a major public health concern as it is a leading cause of death worldwide. The risk of endocrine-related cancers may be associated with suboptimal sleep quality due to disruptions in circadian rhythm. However, the extent of this relationship is not clear and warrants a review summarizing recent research findings. This systematic review aims to provide an updated summary of the literature surrounding the association between night shift work, sleep quality, circadian rhythm disruption and the risk of endocrine-related cancers.

Methods
MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Web of Science databases have been searched for related cohort, case-control, and cross-sectional studies. The search was limited to studies published in English, after the year 2000. Non peer-reviewed literature and randomized control trials, were excluded. Reviewers will independently extract data on study characteristics, sleep quality measures, circadian rhythm measures, cancer diagnosis, and outcome measures. Risk of bias assessment will be performed using the CLARITY tools.

Results
Data synthesis is ongoing. Associations between sleep quality, night shift work, circadian disruption and risk of endocrine-related cancer will be summarized and risk estimates will be reported for four endocrine-related cancers: breast, prostate, thyroid, ovarian, and endometrial cancer. If data are available, subgroup analyses will be carried out by cancer type, study design, and age group.

Conclusions
This review qualitatively synthesizes current literature to determine the extent of the association between sleep quality, night shift work, circadian rhythm disruption and the risk of endocrine-related cancers. These findings can contribute to population-level cancer prevention efforts and aid public health promotion of healthier sleep-related behaviours.

Key messages
The relationship between sleep quality and endocrine-related cancers should be explored further in public health research due to inconclusive evidence from current literature. The findings of this project can help promote healthy sleep behaviours and population-level cancer prevention.
A community-based cohort study: the incidence of MS and exercise behavior change in Taiwan
Authors: Hsu H F , Yeh Y P , Luh D L 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Recently, there has been renewed interest in metabolic syndrome (MS) and exercise. In the past 3 years, most of the research articles discussed the relationship between MS and exercise focused on the intervention methods such as diet and medicine. Limited research showed the evidence about exercise behavior change naturally and the incidence of MS. Using community-based integrated screening in Changhua County (CH-CIS), the purpose of this study was to clarify the relationships between exercise behavior change and the incidence of MS.

Methods
We used secondary data from CH-CIS database from 2006 to 2018. In the 13 years, a total of 164299 people enrolled. In order to understand the incidence of MS, we excluded (1) those who self-reported MS at first records, and (2) those who participated just once. Remaining 22915 participants were included in the following analysis. Incidence of MS was based on the results of biochemical examination in the last CH-CIS. Exercise habits were self-reported from screening questionnaire and were divided into 4 group: (1)never、(2)irregular、(3)regular but insufficient and (4)regular and sufficient. The change of exercise habit was defined as comparing the first and the last record. Using SAS software (version 9.4). Logistic regression analysis were used to evaluate the associations between exercise behavior changes and incident of MS. The experimental protocol was accepted by the IRB of CSMU Hospital.

Results
The incidence rate of MS was 3.24%(n = 4036) in the CH-CIS participants during 2006 to 2018. Comparing with consistent regular exercise, those exercise habit change from regular to irregular had significantly more likely to get MS(OR = 1.19; 95% CI=1.02-1.33) after adjusting for other control variables such as social demographic factors and other health-related behaviors.

Conclusions
Exercise habits change getting worse from regular to irregular are more likely to have MS than who still keep regular exercise.

Key messages
Exercise habit changes have an important relationship with MS incident, especially changes from regular to irregular in exercise habits. The incidence rate of MS was 3.24% in the CH-CIS participants during 2006 to 2018.
Eryptosis and circulating blood cells microparticules in sickle cell diseases
Authors: Moumni I , Khalfaoui K , Safra I , Chebbi M , Barmate M , chaouechi D , Ben khaled M , Ouederni M , Mellouli F , Menif S 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Sickle cell disease(SCD)is a monogenic disease, in which the severity and symptoms vary widely.The sickle cell mutation is the origin of all functional and structural alterations of red blood cell(RBC)which induces the acceleration of eryptosis and formation of Circulating blood cells microparticules(MPs)which has the consequence of acute anemia and increasing the thrombotic risks in sickle cell patients. Eryptosis is the suicidal erythrocyte death characterized by erythrocyte membrane scrambling by phosphatidylserine(PS)externalization. MPs are an extracellular vesicules released following cellular activation, stress or apoptosis. These parameters are able to modulate many biological functions, and considered as biomarkers of preventive diagnostic of SCD. This present study aims to determine the cellular biomarkers to implementation new and innovative methods of the preventive diagnosis of SCDacute complications. We propose to study the mechanisms involved in the triggering of eryptosis and to quantify microparticles derived from platelets and erythrocytes of homozygous sickle cell patients.
Following clinical diagnosis, homozygous SCDpatients and healthy donors were sampled for hematological and cellular assays. The exploration of eryptosis and MPs was performed by a flow cytometry by determining the viability parameters of red blood cells.
The outcome of our study indicated that Eryptosis in sickle cell patients is triggered essentially by high Ca2 + entry and narrowing of red blood cells. However, the pathway of ceramides and ERO can also considered a stimulating factor of eryptosis. Eryptosis ensures healthy erythrocyte quantity in circulation whereas excessive eryptosis is the cause of acute anemia and may contribute to vaso-occlusive crisis in SCD patients.For MPs study,microparticles derived from platelets and erythrocytes clearly increased in SCD patients. This suggests that erythrocytes MPs may contribute to thrombotic risk andchronic hemolytic anemia.

Key messages
Potentiel biomarkers in the preventive diagnosis of sickle cell disease. Eryptosis and plasmatic microparticules as potentiel biomarkers.