bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oral Vancomycin, Ursodeoxycholic Acid, or No Therapy for Pediatric Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis: A Matched Analysis
Authors: Deneau Mark R. , Mack Cara , Mogul Douglas , Perito Emily R. , Valentino Pamela L. , Amir Achiya Z. , DiGuglielmo Matthew , Draijer Laura G. , El‐Matary Wael , Furuya Katryn N. , Gupta Nitika , Hochberg Jessica T. , Horslen Simon , Jensen M. Kyle , Jonas Maureen M. , Kerkar Nanda , Koot Bart G.P. , Laborda Trevor J. , Lee Christine K. , Loomes Kathleen M. , Martinez Mercedes , Miethke Alexander , Miloh Tamir , Mohammad Saeed , Ovchinsky Nadia , Rao Girish , Ricciuto Amanda , Sathya Pushpa , Schwarz Kathleen B. , Shah Uzma , Singh Ruchi , Vitola Bernadette , Zizzo Andréanne , Guthery Stephen L. 
Published: September 2020

Background and Aims
Many children with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) receive oral vancomycin therapy (OVT) or ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA). There is a paucity of data on whether these medications improve outcomes.

Approach and Results
We analyzed retrospective data from the Pediatric PSC Consortium. Children treated with OVT were matched 1:1:1 to those treated with UDCA or managed with observation (no treatment) based on the closest propensity score, ensuring similar baseline characteristics. Two hundred sixty‐four patients (88 each with OVT, UDCA, or observation) had matching propensity scores and were similar in demographics, phenotype, immunosuppression, baseline biochemistry, and hepatic fibrosis. After 1 year in an intention‐to‐treat analysis, all outcome metrics were similar regardless of treatment group. In OVT, UDCA, and untreated groups, respectively: Gamma‐glutamyltransferase normalized in 53%, 49%, and 52% (P = not significant [NS]), liver fibrosis stage was improved in 20%, 13%, and 18% and worsened in 11%, 29%, and 18% (P = NS), and the 5‐year probability of liver transplant listing was 21%, 10%, and 12% (P = NS). Favorable outcome was associated with having a mild phenotype of PSC and minimal hepatic fibrosis.

Conclusions
We presented the largest‐ever description of outcomes on OVT in PSC and compared them to carefully matched patients on UDCA or no therapy. Neither OVT nor UDCA showed improvement in outcomes compared to a strategy of observation. Patients progressed to end‐stage liver disease at similar rates. Spontaneous normalization of biochemistry is common in children receiving no therapy, particularly in the majority of children with a mild phenotype and an early stage of disease. Placebo‐controlled treatment trials are needed to identify effective treatments for pediatric PSC.
Experimental investigation and COMSOL modeling for different geometrical configurations of extended surfaces
Authors: Ali Jamal M. , Sultan Abbas J. , Kadhim Bashar J. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe current work presents and analyzes an experimental and three‐dimensional COMSOL simulation to address and quantify the influence of different geometric cross‐sectional shapes and types of materials (ie, brass and stainless steel) on the thermal performance of extended surfaces. Three cross‐sectional shapes (ie, circular, square, and hexagonal) were examined under various base temperatures (ie, 40°C, 50°C, 60°C, and 70°C). Additionally, two types of fin materials, brass and stainless steel, were investigated to address the impact of thermal conductivity on the temperature distribution, local heat transfer coefficient, heat dissipation rate, efficiency, and effectiveness of extended surfaces. The experimental results showed a significant increase in the heat transfer coefficient and heat dissipation rates for hexagonal brass fins over other shapes and stainless steel fins. The simulation results were validated with the experimental temperature distributions for different geometries and materials under differing operating conditions (ie, different base temperatures, with and without an insulated fin tip). The validation and evaluation of the current COMSOL simulation indicated that the simulated results had high accuracy, with less than a 6% deviation, compared with the experimental data. The current validated COMSOL model can serve as a useful tool to facilitate the design and optimization of fins under various design and operating parameters.
Transient solution of temperature field of conjugate laminar forced convection heat transfer in functionally graded hollow cylinder
Authors: Fadipe Opeyemi L. , Adelaja Adekunle O. , Olakoyejo Olabode T. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn this study, the numerical analysis of conjugate heat transfer of laminar flow in a functionally graded hollow cylinder (FGHC) made of metal/ceramic for a two‐dimensional fluid and wall conduction subject to Newton boundary condition is considered. The fluid and FGHC energy equations are coupled through the continuity of temperature and heat flux at the inner wall‐fluid interface while the outer surface is subject to convective heat transfer. The continuity, momentum, and energy equations of the fluid are discretized using the finite volume approach. The effects of fluid and functionally graded material parameters, such as volume fraction index, volume composition, time history, wall‐to‐fluid thermal diffusivity ratio, wall‐to‐fluid thermal conductivity ratio, Biot number, Peclet number, and Prandtl number are investigated on the temperature field in the FGHC. The result shows that on account of the inhomogeneity of the material property, the volume fraction index has a significant effect on the other parameters and the temperature variation along the thickness. The lower the volume fraction index, the higher the inner wall (metal side) temperature, and the temperature gradient along the thickness. However, except for the variation in the wall‐to‐fluid thermal conductivity ratio, the lower the volumetric fraction, the lower the outer wall (ceramic side) temperature distribution.
The intertwined path of perfectionism and self‐criticism in a client with obsessive‐compulsive personality disorder
Authors: Cheli Simone , MacBeth Angus , Popolo Raffaele , Dimaggio Giancarlo 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPsychotherapy for obsessive‐compulsive personality disorder (OCPD), where perfectionism is a defining criterion, is understudied. Despite a high prevalence few evidence‐based treatments are available for the presentation. Here we describe the course of a 6‐month program of metacognitive interpersonal therapy with an OCPD patient with prominent perfectionism and self‐criticism, which were considered primary outcomes of the case study. Therapy aimed initially at increasing awareness of maladaptive interpersonal schemas and promoting a healthy self. First, behavioral experiments were used to try and counteract perfectionism. Second, experiential techniques, such as guided imagery and rescripting, were used to help the client in connect with different, healthier aspects of the self, thus increasing personal and interpersonal wellbeing. Qualitative and quantitative outcomes at the intervention end and at 1‐month follow‐up are summarized. Finally, we reflect on how this case study can inform treatment of perfectionism in OCPD.
Is context a crucial factor in distinguishing between intrusions and obsessions in patients with obsessive‐compulsive disorder?
Authors: Llorens‐Aguilar Sara , García‐Soriano Gemma , Arnáez Sandra , Aardema Frederick , O'Connor Kieron 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectiveSome cognitive models of obsessive‐compulsive disorder (OCD) posit that intrusions exist on a continuum with obsessions; others consider that they may be unrelated phenomena that differ in the context where they occur. We aimed to examine and compare, at two different moments, the context of the occurrence of intrusions and obsessions.MethodSixty‐eight patients with OCD completed an interview appraising their most upsetting obsession and intrusion.ResultsAt their onset, the obsessions/intrusions were associated with experiencing negative emotional states and life events, and they were more likely to appear in “inappropriate” contexts. The context of the obsessions/intrusions differed the last time they were experienced. Autogenous obsessions/intrusions occurred more frequently in contexts with an indirect link.ConclusionsThe context distinguishes between intrusions and obsessions, not when they emerge, but when the obsession is already established. The results support that there is a continuum or progression from intrusions to obsessions.
Zinc supplementation alleviates endoplasmic reticulum stress during porcine oocyte in vitro maturation by upregulating zinc transporters
Authors: Ridlo Muhammad Rosyid , Kim Geon A. , Taweechaipaisankul Anukul , Kim Eui Hyun , Lee Byeong Chun 
Published: September 2020

AbstractEndoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is a major contributor to embryonic development failure. Mammalian oocytes have a high risk of exposure to cellular stress during in vitro embryo production. We investigated the effects of zinc supplementation during in vitro maturation under ER stress. We evaluated cumulus expansion, embryonic development derived by parthenogenetic activation, reactive oxygen species, protein expression of X‐box binding protein 1 (XBP1), and expression of genes related to ER stress. Supplementation with 1 μg/ml zinc significantly increased the nuclear maturation of oocytes, cleavage and blastocyst formation rates, and total blastocyst cell number (p < .05). Under ER stress, zinc significantly reduced protein expression of XBP1, and increased cleavage and blastocyst rates (p < .05). Concomitantly, zinc supplementation upregulated the expression of zinc transporters (SLC39A14 and SLC39A10), PTGS2, and downregulated ER stress‐related genes (sXBP1, uXBP1, ATF4, and PTPN1/PTP1B), and caspase 3. These results suggest that zinc supplementation alleviates ER stress by providing essential metal‐ion transporters for oocyte maturation and subsequent embryonic development.
Synthesis, spectrophotometric, voltammetric, and density functional theory studies of tetrahydro[3,2‐b]indolocarbazoles for sensing small molecules
Authors: Al‐Ahmed Zehbah Ali , Habib Ibrahim H. I. , Khattab Reham R. , Abdelhameed Reda M. , El‐Naggar Mohamed , Abu Bieh Moursi H. , Pisarevd Sergey A. , Voronkov Andrey , El Sayed Mardia T. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAbsorption spectra of tetrahydro[3,2‐b]indolocarbazoles (THICZs) with respective molecular property and alkyl substituents have been prerecorded in diverse solvents in the scope between 200 and 600 nm for very fewer times in the literary study. The photo‐physical behavior of liquified THICZs belonging to the existence surroundings. The solvatochromic behaviors of THICZs and solvent substance physical phenomenon can be analyzed by implementation of linear solvating energy state conception. Compound 4 shows excellent properties for sensing small molecules. The electrochemical behavior of some THICZs was investigated at carbon paste electrode where two electrode reactions were involved, irreversible oxidation‐one electron transfer and quasi‐reversible redox reactions forming phenolic followed by quinolone moiety electro active species. The density functional theory which means calculated molecular orbital energies (B3LYP/6‐31G) and HOMO‐LUMO gap/space for some presented indolocarbazoles have been performed.
The fate of inverted limbus in children with developmental dysplasia of the hip: Clinical observation
Authors: Liu Jiahui , Zhou Weizheng , Li Lianyong , Zhang Lijun , Li Qiwei , Wang Enbo 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn this study, we observed the fate of the inverted limbus after closed reduction for the treatment of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) and its impact on acetabular development. Clinical data were reviewed for 26 DDH patients with an inverted or overriding limbus after closed reduction for hip dysplasia. Patients were divided into a residual inversion group (19 cases, 22 hips) and a spontaneous resolution group (7 cases, 7 hips) according to the limbus status at the last follow‐up. Differences in the osseous acetabular index (AI) and cartilaginous AI (CAI), the magnitude of limbus inversion, center‐edge angle (CEA), height‐to‐width index (HWI) of the femoral head epiphysis, and avascular necrosis (AVN) at last follow‐up were compared. There were no statistically significant differences in the preoperative AI and CAI between groups. The magnitude of limbus inversion after reduction and the AI at the final follow‐up in the residual inversion group were both larger than those in the spontaneous resolution group. The CAI, CEA, and HWI were not significantly different between groups. The magnitude of limbus inversion in the residual inversion group did not significantly decrease over time. AVN occurred in five hips in the residual inversion group. No cases of AVN occurred in the spontaneous resolution group. After closed reduction, the inverted limbus was not absorbed in the majority of cases; instead, it evolved into a thin layer of fibrous tissue embedded between the femoral head and acetabulum. This may delay the endochondral ossification of the acetabulum.
Testing the consistency of Holocene and Last Glacial Maximum spatial correlations in temperature proxy records
Authors: Reschke Maria , Kröner Igor , Laepple Thomas 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACTHolocene temperature proxy records are commonly used in quantitative synthesis and model‐data comparisons. However, comparing correlations between time series from records collected in proximity to one another with the expected correlations based on climate model simulations indicates either regional or noisy climate signals in Holocene temperature proxy records. In this study, we evaluate the consistency of spatial correlations present in Holocene proxy records with those found in data from the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). Specifically, we predict correlations expected in LGM proxy records if the only difference to Holocene correlations would be due to more time uncertainty and more climate variability in the LGM. We compare this simple prediction to the actual correlation structure in the LGM proxy records. We found that time series data of ice‐core stable isotope records and planktonic foraminifera Mg/Ca ratios were consistent between the Holocene and LGM periods, while time series of Uk'37 proxy records were not as we found no correlation between nearby LGM records. Our results support the finding of highly regional or noisy marine proxy records in the compilation analysed here and suggest the need for further studies on the role of climate proxies and the processes of climate signal recording and preservation.
Expression ofBoNOLandBoHCARgenes during postharvest senescence of broccoli heads
Authors: Reyes Jara Andrea M , Gómez‐Lobato María E , Civello Pedro M , Martínez Gustavo A 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDChlorophyll is the most abundant pigment on Earth, essential for the capture of light energy during photosynthesis. During senescence, chlorophyll degradation is highly regulated in order to diminish toxicity of the free chlorophyll molecule due to its photoactivity. The first step in the chlorophyll degradation pathway is the conversion of chlorophyll b to chlorophyll a by means of two consecutive reactions catalyzed by enzymes coded byNYC1(NON‐YELLOW COLORING 1),NOL(NYC1‐LIKE) andHCAR.RESULTSIn this work, we studied the expression ofNOLandHCARgenes during postharvest senescence of broccoli. We found that the expression ofBoNOLincrease during the first days of storage and then decrease. In the case ofBoHCAR, its expression is maintained during the first days and then it also diminishes. Additionally, the effect of different postharvest treatments on the expression of these genes was also analyzed. It was observed that the expression ofBoNOLis lower in the treatments performed with 1‐methylcyclopropene (1‐MCP), 6‐benzylaminopurine (6‐BAP) and modified atmospheres, whileBoHCARexpression showed an increase in these same treatments, and a decrease in the treatment with ethylene. There were no variations in the expression of both genes in heat treatment, UV‐C treatment and visible light treatment.CONCLUSIONSThese results suggest that bothBoHCARandBoNOLshow a lower regulation of their expression than other genes involved in chlorophyll degradation during senescence. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Networked Animal Telemetry in the Northwest Atlantic and Caribbean Waters
Authors: Bangley Charles W. , Whoriskey Frederick G. , Young Joy M. , Ogburn Matthew B. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Acoustic telemetry, in which transmitters projecting ultrasonic signals carrying unique identification codes are deployed on marine and aquatic animals and detected and logged by acoustic receivers, is becoming a common tool in fisheries science. Collaboration among researchers using this technology has led to the development of telemetry networks that are capable of detecting transmitters at coastwide and even continental scales through the combined coverage of all members’ receivers. Two grassroots telemetry networks in the northwest Atlantic and Caribbean, the Atlantic Cooperative Telemetry (ACT) Network and the FACT Network, began as small-scale efforts among neighboring researchers and have expanded to include shared databases of tagged animals along entire coastlines. A third telemetry network, the Ocean Tracking Network (OTN), has brought additional capacity to the ACT and FACT networks and has provided a focus for telemetry activities in Canadian waters. It has also improved the power and efficiency of telemetry research globally through collaborative, standardized methods for storing, sharing, and processing data. When used in combination with other data collected by traditional fishery research methods and emerging technologies, such as remote sensing and autonomous vehicles, data collected through acoustic telemetry networks can address fundamental but previously unanswered questions about key habitat areas and data-poor species and can yield new insights into the ecology of species that are thought to be well known. Here, we provide an overview of acoustic telemetry networks, including a history of the ACT Network, FACT Network, and OTN and a review of recent and current research that has been made possible through the connections enabled by these networks.
Carbon nanoparticles suspension injection for photothermal therapy of xenografted human thyroid carcinoma in vivo
Authors: Huang Yuanfang , Zeng Guangfu , Xin Qian , Yang Jinmei , Zeng Cheng , Tang Kexin , Yang Sheng‐Tao , Tang Xiaohai 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDue to the unique structure, carbon nanomaterials could convert near‐infrared (NIR) light into heat efficiently in tumor ablation using photothermal therapy (PTT). Carbon nanoparticles suspension injection (CNSI) is a commercial imaging reagent for lymph node mapping. CNSI has similar structural characteristics to other carbon nanomaterials, and thus, might be applied as photothermal agent. Herein, we evaluated the photothermal conversion ability and therapeutic effects of CNSI on thyroid carcinoma. CNSI was composed by carbon nanoparticle cores and polyvinylpyrrolidone K30 as the dispersion reagent. CNSI absorbed NIR light efficiently following the Lambert‐Beer law. The temperature of CNSI dispersion increased quickly under the NIR irradiation. CNSI killed the TCP‐1 thyroid carcinoma cells under 808 nm laser irradiation at 0.5 W/cm2, while CNSI or NIR irradiation treatment alone did not demonstrate this effect. Temperature increases were observed in tumor injected with CNSI under NIR irradiation. After three irradiation treatments, the tumor growth was completely blocked and the disruption of cellular structure was observed. When the tumor temperatures reached 53°C during treatment, the tumors did not recur within the observation period of 3 months. Our results suggested that CNSI might be used for PTT through “off label” use to benefit the patients immediately.
A Fluorescence‐Based Assay System for the Determination of Haloperoxidase‐Activity Using a Two‐Dimensional Calibration Ap‐proach
Authors: Fejzagić Alexander V. , Myllek Sebastian , Hogenkamp Fabian , Greb Julian , Pietruszka Jörg , Classen Thomas 
Published: September 2020

AbstractScreening for an interesting biocatalyst and its subsequent kinetic characterization depends on a reliable activity assay. In this work, a fluorometric assay based on the halogenation of 4‐methyl‐7‐diethylamino‐coumarin was established to monitor haloperoxidase‐activity. Since haloperoxidases utilize hydrogen peroxide and halide ions to halogenate a broad range of substrates by releasing hypohalous acids, a direct quantification of haloperoxidase‐activity remains difficult. With the system presented here, 3‐bromo‐4‐methyl‐7‐diethylaminocoumarin is preferentially formed and monitored by fluorescence measurements. As starting material and product share similar spectroscopical properties, a two‐dimensional calibration ap‐proach was utilized to allow for quantification of each compound within a single measurement. To validate the system, the two‐dimensional Michaelis‐Menten kinetics of a vanadium‐dependent chloroperoxidase from Curvularia inaequalis were recorded, yielding the first overall kinetic parameters for this enzyme. With limits of detection and quantification in the low μm range, this assay may provide a reliable alternative system for the quantification of haloperoxidase‐activity.
Prostate biopsy histopathologic features correlate with a commercial gene expression assay's reclassification of patient NCCN risk category
Authors: Greenland Nancy Y. , Cowan Janet E. , Chan Emily , Carroll Peter R. , Stohr Bradley A. , Simko Jeffry P. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundFor biopsies with Gleason 3 + 3 = 6 or 3 + 4 = 7 prostate cancer, the Genomic Prostate Score (GPS; OncotypeDx) is designed to predict severe pathology at prostatectomy, and, in some cases, recommends reclassification of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) risk category. We hypothesized that certain histopathologic features that were not considered in the original design of the assay actually would be associated with the NCCN risk category change indicated by GPS testing.MethodsFor patients with recommended NCCN risk category change, the biopsy cores used for GPS were re‐reviewed for stromal reaction, chronic inflammation, and tumor nuclear polarization.ResultsOf 520 patients from May 2011 to December 2018, GPS testing suggested NCCN risk reclassification in 131 (25%); 127 of these slides were available. Of these, the NCCN risk category increased from intermediate to high in 8, low to intermediate in 15, very low to low in 1, and decreased from intermediate to low in 32, and low to very low in 71. Biopsies with NCCN risk increase were associated with moderate or severe stromal reaction (p < .001) and chronic inflammation (p < .001); biopsies with NCCN risk decrease were associated with absence of these features. In Gleason 3 + 3 = 6 cases (n = 93), presence of nuclear polarization was associated with NCCN risk decrease and its absence with increase (p < .001).ConclusionsModerate or severe stromal reaction, chronic inflammation, and lack of nuclear polarization in Gleason score 3 + 3 = 6 tumors were each associated with an increase in NCCN risk category indicated by GPS and vice versa. Our results suggest that GPS captures histologic features associated with aggressiveness that are not routinely assessed in standard histopathologic assessments, and that consideration of such histologic features may improve upon current tumor grading approaches.
Moving average distance as a predictor of equity returns
Authors: Avramov Doron , Kaplanski Guy , Subrahmanyam Avanidhar 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe distance between short‐ and long‐run moving averages of prices (MAD) predicts future equity returns in the cross section. Annualized value‐weighted alphas from the accompanying hedge portfolios are around 9%, and the predictability goes beyond momentum, 52‐week highs, profitability, and other prominent anomalies. MAD‐based investment payoffs survive reasonable trading costs faced by institutions, and are stronger on the long side relative to the short counterpart.