bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Theoretical Paradigm for Evaluating Risk–Benefit of Status Epilepticus Treatment
Authors: Amorim Edilberto , McGraw Chris M. , Westover M. Brandon 
Published: September 2020

Summary:
Aggressive treatment of status epilepticus with anesthetic drugs can provide rapid seizure control, but it might lead to serious medical complications and worse outcomes. Using a decision analysis approach, this concise review provides a framework for individualized decision making about aggressive and nonaggressive treatment in status epilepticus. The authors propose and review the most relevant parameters guiding the risk–benefit analysis of treatment aggressiveness in status epilepticus and present real-world–based case examples to illustrate how these tools could be used at the bedside and serve to guide future research in refractory status epilepticus treatment.
An Evolutionary Process Without Variation and Selection
Authors: Gabora Liane , Steel Mike 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACTNatural selection successfully explains how organisms accumulate adaptive change despite that traits acquired over a lifetime are eliminated at the end of each generation. However, in some domains that exhibit cumulative, adaptive change—e.g., cultural evolution, and earliest life—acquired traits are retained; these domains do not face the problem that Darwin’s theory was designed to solve. Lack of transmission of acquired traits occurs when germ cells are protected from environmental change, due to a self-assembly code used in two distinct ways: (i) actively interpreted during development to generate a soma, and (ii) passively copied without interpretation during reproduction to generate germ cells. Early life and cultural evolution appear not to involve a self-assembly code used in these two ways. We suggest that cumulative, adaptive change in these domains is due to a lower-fidelity evolutionary process, and model it using Reflexively Autocatalytic and Foodset-generated networks. We refer to this more primitive evolutionary process as Self–Other Reorganisation (SOR) because it involves internal self-organising and self-maintaining processes within entities, as well as interaction between entities. SOR encompasses learning but in general operates across groups. We discuss the relationship between SOR and Lamarckism, and illustrate a special case of SOR without variation.
Interrogation of the Perturbed Gut Microbiota in Gouty Arthritis Patients Throughin silicoMetabolic Modeling
Authors: Henson Michael A. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractRecent studies have shown perturbed gut microbiota associated with gouty arthritis, a metabolic disease in which an imbalance between uric acid production and excretion leads to the deposition of uric acid crystals in joints. To mechanistically investigate altered microbiota metabolism in gout disease, 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequence data from stool samples of gout patients and healthy controls were computationally analyzed through bacterial community metabolic modeling. Patient-specific models were used to cluster samples according to their metabolic capabilities and to generate statistically significant partitioning of the samples into aBacteroides-dominated, high gout cluster and aFaecalibacterium-elevated, low gout cluster. The high gout cluster samples were predicted to allow elevated synthesis of the amino acids D-alanine and L-alanine and byproducts of branched-chain amino acid catabolism, while the low gout cluster samples allowed higher production of butyrate, the sulfur-containing amino acids L-cysteine and L-methionine and the L-cysteine catabolic product H2S. The models predicted an important role for metabolite crossfeeding, including the exchange of acetate, D-lactate and succinate fromBacteroidestoFaecalibacteriumto allow higher butyrate production differences than would be expected based on taxa abundances in the two clusters. The surprising result that the high gout cluster could underproduce H2S despite having a higher abundance of H2S-synthesizing bacteria was rationalized by reduced L-cysteine production fromFaecalibacteriumin this cluster. Model predictions were not substantially altered by constraining uptake rates with differentin silicodiets, suggesting that sulfur-containing amino acid metabolism generally and H2S more specifically could be novel gout disease markers.
Early detection of seasonality and second waves prediction in the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Watanabe Márcio 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSeasonality plays an essential role in the dynamics of many infectious diseases. In this study, we use statistical methods to show how to detect the presence of seasonality in a pandemic at the beginning of the seasonal period and that seasonality strongly affects SARS-coV-2 transmission. We measure the expected seasonality effect in the mean transmission rate of SARS-coV-2 and use available data to predict when a second wave of the COVID-19 will happen. In addition, we measure the average global effect of social distancing measures. The seasonal force of transmission of COVID-19 increases in October in the Northern hemisphere and in April in the Southern hemisphere. These predictions provide critical information for public health officials to plan their actions to combat the new coronavirus disease and to identify and measure seasonal effects in a future pandemic.
Multiple rationalities of participatory budgeting in indigenous communities: evidence from Indonesia
Authors: Jayasinghe Kelum , Adhikari Pawan , Carmel Simon , Sopanah Ana 
Published: September 2020

PurposeThis paper analyses participatory budgeting (PB) in two Indonesian indigenous communities, illustrating how the World Bank sponsored neo-liberal model of “technical rational” PB is overshadowed by local values and wisdom, consisting of sophisticated, pre-existing rationalities for public participation.Design/methodology/approachAdopting a qualitative and interpretive case study approach, the study draws on data from semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders and periods of participant observation. The paper utilises Weber's characterisations of rationality to analyse the PB process in indigenous communities.FindingsThe co-existence of both formal (technical) and substantive rationalities leads two Indonesian indigenous communities to execute participatory budgeting pragmatically. The formal budgetary mechanisms (Musrenbang), cascaded down from central and local governments, are melded with, and co-exist alongside, a tradition of public participation deriving from local cultural values and wisdom (Rembug warga). Reciprocal relationships and trust based on a pre-existing substantive rationality result in community members adapting budget practices while also preserving their local culture and resisting the encroachment of neo-liberal initiatives. The paper offers deeper analysis of the unintended consequences of attempting to implement technical rational accounting reforms and practices in indigenous settings.Originality/valueThe paper provides important insights into the way the interplay between formal and substantive rationality impacts on accounting and budgeting practices in indigenous communities. Our study also presents a unique case in emerging economy contexts in which neoliberal initiatives have been outmanoeuvred in the process of preserving indigenous values and wisdom. The informal participatory mechanism (Rembug warga) retained the community trust that neoliberalism systematically erodes.
Monitoring and analysis of the recovery rate of Covid-19 positive cases to prevent dangerous stage using IoT and sensors
Authors: K.R. Kumar , M. Iyapparaja , V.R. Niveditha , Magesh S. , Magesh G. , Marappan Shanmugasundaram 
Published: September 2020

Purpose
This paper has used the well-known machine learning (ML) computational algorithm with Internet of Things (IoT) devices to predict the COVID-19 disease and to analyze the peak rate of the disease in the world. ML is the best tool to analyze and predict the object in reasonable time with great level of accuracy. The Purpose of this paper is to develop a model to predict the coronavirus by considering majorly related symptoms, attributes and also to predict and analyze the peak rate of the disease.

Design/methodology/approach
COVID-19 or coronavirus disease threatens the human lives in various ways, which leads to deaths in most of the cases. It affects the respiratory organs slowly and this penetration leads to multiple organ failure, which causes death in some cases having poor immunity system. In recent times, it has drawn the international attention because of the pandemic threat that is harder to control the spreading of infection around the world.

Findings
This proposed model is implemented by support vector machine classifier and Bayesian network algorithm, which yields high accuracy. The K-means algorithm has been applied for clustering the data set models. For data collection, IoT devices and related sensors were used in the identified hotspots. The data sets were collected from the selected hotspots, which are placed on the regions selected by the government agencies. The proposed COVID-19 prediction models improve the accuracy of the prediction and peak accuracy ratio. This model is also tested with best, worst and average cases of data set to achieve the better prediction rate.

Originality/value
From that hotspots, the IoT devices were fixed and accessed through wireless sensors (802.11) to transfer the data to the authors’ database, which is dedicated in data collection server. The data set and the proposed model yield good results and perform well with expected accuracy rate in the analysis and monitoring of the recovery rate of COVID-19.
A company performance index for motor vehicle manufacturers: company performance measurement with environmental concerns
Authors: Zeng Qinqin , Beelaerts van Blokland Wouter , Santema Sicco , Lodewijks Gabriel 
Published: September 2020

PurposeCurrent literature presents limited measurement methods of quantifying manufacturers' performance with environmental concerns. The purpose of this paper is to construct a company performance index for benchmarking motor vehicle manufacturers (MVMs) with environmental concerns.Design/methodology/approachMethods of constructing the index include regression analysis, a modified linear method for normalizing variables and a geometric mean for aggregating variables into a single index IMVM (index for MVMs). A case study is conducted in 12 MVMs from 2008 to 2017. A sensitivity analysis with the simple additive weighting method is performed to analyze how different aggregation methods affect the final value. The index IMVM is assessed through a benchmark with three existing indices.FindingsThree realistic considerations are identified from MVMs, based on which proper and transparent methods are chosen to construct the IMVM. The construction of the index IMVM has been assessed through a benchmark against the methodologies of three other indices. The results indicate that the new measurement is feasible and effective for MVMs to measure their company performance from an environmental perspective.Practical implicationsThe construction of the index IMVM can support policymakers with accurate statistics for decision-making. As a response to current imperative climate policies, this paper raises awareness of CO2 emissions in vehicles' production. For statistical organizations and stakeholders in the investment world, this paper provides available and reliable statistics for trend analysis of different MVMs.Originality/valueA new method is designed for constructing a company performance index for MVMs. Three environmental variables are identified based on literature, their environmental impact as well as their data availability from public documents. A ranking by manufacturer with environmental concerns is generated. This index can contribute with available statistics and useful insights toward decision-making.
The effect of effectuation set of means on new venture performance: flexibility principle as a mediating factor
Authors: Pacho Frida Thomas , Mushi Hellena 
Published: September 2020

PurposeThis study aims to examine the effect of the effectuation set of means on new venture performance in the context of Tanzania’s emerging economy. To determine how new ventures, benefit from the effectuation set of means experienced entrepreneurs possess, this study examines the role of the flexibility principle of effectuation as a key mediator.Design/methodology/approachThe research is quantitative in nature, and a survey questionnaire was used to get data from five cities of Tanzania. In total, 350 samples obtained for analysis. The hierarchical regression and structural equation modeling were used for testing the hypotheses.FindingsThe effectuation set of means is affirmed to have a positive effect on new venture performance. The flexibility principle plays a partial mediating role in the relationship between the effectuation set of means and new venture performance.Originality/valueThis empirical evidence contributes to the progress of the theory of effectuation and also provides managerial guidelines for entrepreneurs who operate their new ventures and face uncertain business environments.
The relation between religiosity, family cohesion and ethical leadership: a study of family firms in Turkey
Authors: Çetin Mehmet 
Published: September 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the links among different forms of religiosity, family cohesion and ethical leadership in family firms operating in Turkey.Design/methodology/approachThe study was conducted with 210 respondents working in 51 family firms operating in Istanbul. Data regarding ethical leadership perceptions were collected separately from employees (non-family member) and managers (family member), and responses were matched in firm level to investigate the relations between variables calculated separately as perceptions of managers and employees. Confirmatory factor analysis and reliability statistics were used for ascertaining the dimensionality and factor structures of the constructs. Correlation analysis, structural equation modeling and bootstrapping method were used for investigating the relationships among variables.FindingsResults of the study demonstrated that family cohesion, intrinsic religiosity and spiritual well-being-oriented religiosity were positively, while secular religiosity was negatively related with ethical leadership levels rated by family member managers. Although none of these variables showed significant correlations with ethical leadership perceptions of non-family member employees, ethical leadership perceptions of the family managers and ethical leadership perceptions of employees were positively correlated, and intrinsic religiosity and spiritual well-being-oriented religiosity had significant indirect effects on ethical leadership perceptions of employees.Originality/valueGiven the lack of studies addressing the links between different forms of religiosity with ethical leadership especially in the Turkish context and the gap regarding research designs analyzing these relationships from the perspectives of managers and employees, the study provides important contributions.
Tough and kind leadership among the Konyaks of Nagaland
Authors: Featherstone Justin , Harvey William S. 
Published: September 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to look at the practices within the principal Konyak kingdoms in Nagaland, and how leaders in other cultural contexts can learn from reconciling tough and kind forms of leadership.

Design/methodology/approach
For centuries, the villages of the principal Konyak kingdoms in Nagaland raided each other to take the heads of men, women and children in ritualised hostilities. Originally to bring fertility and good harvests, this practice evolved almost exclusively into an expression of power and success. One of the authors spent three weeks in January 2020 living in a Konyak village learning about leadership from the last surviving face-tattooed warriors, once successful headhunters.

Findings
The authors found a servant leadership culture based on kindness and collaboration, in some ways at odds with the brutal tradition associated with their society. Framing this compassionate leader and follower relationship is the concept of matkapu, or standing for the truth of things.

Practical implications
The authors explore whether contemporary organisations looking to sustain operational excellence and well-being, and often seeking to balance the needs of different stakeholders, can learn from the Konyaks based on centuries of continual conflict and volatility.

Originality/value
The authors show how contemporary organisations looking to sustain operational excellence and well-being can learn from the Konyaks based on centuries of continual conflict and volatility.
Factors influencing members’ knowledge sharing and creative performance in coworking spaces
Authors: Rese Alexandra , Kopplin Cristopher Siegfried , Nielebock Caren 
Published: September 2020

PurposeCoworking spaces (CWS) are a globally increasing phenomenon of new shared work environments used by freelancers, entrepreneurs and small companies that often work in information technology and creative industries. The purpose of this study is to examine coworkers’ knowledge sharing (KS), focusing on attitude, behavior and individual creativity. Several theoretical perspectives are deployed for factors influencing KS.Design/methodology/approachA research model is developed and tested, relying on a sample of 95 German coworkers using a structural equation modeling approach.FindingsThe attitude towards knowledge sharing and actual sharing behavior in CWS improve coworkers’ creativity. Behavior and attitude differ in positive impact depending on the level of collaboration orientation. Despite the presence of an agreeable atmosphere, lower collaborative orientation results in KS being rated lower.Practical implicationsCommunity commitment showed the highest positive impact on KS behavior. For community development, CWS will have to take differences in the KS behavior of their coworker client base into account to foster creativity.Originality/valueThe authors provide initial empirical insights into the relationship between KS and creativity in CWS. Core coworking values are shown not to form a uniform block but rather “collaboration” is acting as a discriminator.
Effect of infiltrant-related parameters on mechanical performance for 3DP technology
Authors: Wu Weiwei , Wang Zhouzhou , Ding Shuang , Song Aiping , Zhu Dejia 
Published: September 2020

Purpose
The effects of infiltrant-related factors during post-processing on mechanical performance are fully considered for three-dimensional printing (3DP) technology. The factors contain infiltrant type, infiltrating means, infiltrating frequency and time interval of infiltrating.

Design/methodology/approach
A series of printing experiments are conducted and the parts are processed with different conditions by considering the above mentioned four parameters. Then the mechanical performances of the parts are tested from both macroscopic and microscopic papers. In the macroscopic view, the compressive strength of each printed part is measured by the materials testing machine – Instron 3367. In the microscopic view, scanning electron microscope and energy dispersion spectrum are used to obtain microstructure images and element content results. The pore size distributions of the parts are measured further to illustrate that if the particles are bound tightly by infiltrant. Then, partial least square (PLS) is used to conduct the analysis of the influencing factors, which can solve the small-sample problem well. The regression analysis and the influencing degree of each factor are explored further.

Findings
The experimental results show that commercial infiltrant has an outstanding performance than other super glues. The infiltrating action will own higher compressive strength than the brushing action. The higher infiltrating frequency and inconsistent infiltrating time interval will contribute to better mechanical performance. The PLS analysis shows that the most important factor is the infiltrating method. When compare the fitted value with the actual value, it is clear that when the compressive strength is higher, the fitting error will be smaller.

Practical implications
The research will have extensive applicability and practical significance for powder-based additive manufacturing.

Originality/value
The impact of the infiltrating-related post-processing on the performance of 3DP technology is easy to be ignored, which is fully taken into consideration in this paper. Both macroscopic and microscopic methods are conducted to explore, which can better explain the mechanical performance of the parts. Furthermore, as a small-sample method, PLS is used for influencing factors analysis. The variable importance in the projection index can explain the influencing degree of each parameter.
Sensitivity and sensitivity isotropy of an 8/4–4 parallel six-axis force sensor
Authors: Li Chenggang , Song Weishan , Song Yong 
Published: September 2020

PurposeSix-axis force sensors play an important role in civilian and military fields because of their multifunctionality. In the context of sensor structure design, sensitivity and sensitivity isotropy are often considered. This paper aims to study the possible relationship between the sensitivity/sensitivity isotropy and structural parameters of an 8/4–4 parallel six-axis force sensor. A comprehensive evaluation index and structural optimization design scheme are suggested in the end.Design/methodology/approachBased on the conditional number of the Jacobian matrix spectral norm, the sensitivity and sensitivity isotropy of the sensor are derived. Orthogonal experiments are used to determine the degree of primary and secondary factors that have a substantial effect on the sensor characteristics. The relationship between the performance indices and the structural parameters is analyzed by the performance atlas method. The comprehensive evaluation index lays the foundation for the structural optimization design of an 8/4–4 parallel six-axis force sensor.FindingsThe variation in each performance index of the sensor for each of the structural parameters is analyzed, and the structural parameters of the sensor with the desired performance indices can be easily selected from the performance atlases. A comprehensive performance evaluation index with a target value of 1 is proposed, and the overall influence of the structural parameters on the sensor performance index is investigated. A simulation example shows the feasibility of the proposed evaluation index.Originality/valueThe importance of each structural parameter of the 8/4–4 parallel six-axis force sensor is determined through orthogonal experiments in this paper. Relations among the structural parameters meeting the performance indices are derived and shown in the performance atlases. A comprehensive evaluation index is proposed to analyze the overall sensor performance.