bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk Factors of Metabolic Syndrome Among Patients Receiving Antipsychotics: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Hammoudeh Samer , Al Lawati Hawra , Ghuloum Suhaila , Iram Huma , Yehya Arij , Becetti Imen , Al-fakhri Nora , Ghabrash Hany , Shehata Mena , Ajmal Nighat , Amro Iman , Safdar Hira , Eltorki Yassin , Al-Amin Hassen 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis study aimed to assess the differential effects of first-generation (FGA) and second-generation antipsychotics (SGA) on the prevalence of risk factors for metabolic syndrome among mentally ill patients in Qatar. We also wanted to check if there is proper adherence with the guidelines for prescribing antipsychotics and the monitoring of metabolic effects in this population. We collected the available retrospective data (socio-demographic, psychiatric, anthropometric, and metabolic measures) from the records of 439 patients maintained on antipsychotics. The majority were males, married, employed, having a psychotic disorder, and receiving SGA. Patients on SGA showed more obesity, higher BP, and more elevated triglycerides compared to those on FGA. The prevalence of the abnormal metabolic measures was high in this sample, but those on SGA showed a significantly higher prevalence of abnormal body mass index and BP. Obesity and hypertension were common in patients maintained on antipsychotics, especially those on SGA. Polypharmacy was common, and many metabolic measures were not monitored properly in those maintained on antipsychotics. More prospective studies with guided monitoring of the patients' clinical status and metabolic changes are needed to serve better this population of patients.
The Eye of a Needle: Temporary Prison Leave in Ukraine
Authors: Symkovych Anton 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAlthough temporary prison leave humanises custodial punishment, offsets its negative effects, and prepares prisoners for (re)integration into wider society, its use proves to be controversial and uneven across jurisdictions. Since the collapse of the USSR, the former Soviet countries have been pursuing different criminal justice policies, liberalising some penal practices whilst retaining many punitive Soviet legacies. Through analysis of the legal provisions regulating temporary prison leave and official statistics in Ukraine, I demonstrate the apparent strain between the official policies and practice. Whilst legally available, temporary leave for prisoners in closed prisons is almost never granted in this Eastern European country. I argue that for Ukraine to reconcile the official rhetoric of rehabilitation and social reintegration of offenders and actual implementation of penal policies, the country must reverse the underlying requirements governing temporary prison leave and expand its use.
An experimental scrutiny of visual design modelling: VCL up against UML+OCL
Authors: Amálio Nuno , Briand Lionel , Kelsen Pierre 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe graphical nature of prominent modelling notations, such as the standards UML and SysML, enables them to tap into the cognitive benefits of diagrams. However, these notations hardly exploit the cognitive potential of diagrams and are only partially graphical with invariants and operations being expressed textually. The Visual Contract Language (VCL) aims at improving visual modelling; it tries to (a) maximise diagrammatic cognitive effectiveness, (b) increase visual expressivity, and (c) level of rigour and formality. It is an alternative to UML that does largely pictorially what is traditionally done textually. The paper presents the results of a controlled experiment carried out four times in different academic settings and involving 43 participants, which compares VCL against UML and OCL and whose goal is to provide insight on benefits and limitations of visual modelling. The paper’s hypotheses are evaluated using a crossover design with the following tasks: (i) modelling of state space, invariants and operations, (ii) comprehension of modelled problem, (iii) detection of model defects and (iv) comprehension of a given model. Although visual approaches have been used and advocated for decades, this is the first empirical investigation looking into the effects of graphical expression of invariants and operations on modelling and model usage tasks. Results suggest VCL benefits in defect detection, model comprehension, and modelling of operations, providing some empirical evidence on the benefits of graphical software design.
Relative Necessity and Propositional Quantification
Authors: Roberts Alexander 
Published: December 2019

AbstractFollowing Smiley’s (The Journal of Symbolic Logic, 28, 113–134 1963) influential proposal, it has become standard practice to characterise notions of relative necessity in terms of simple strict conditionals. However, Humberstone (Reports on Mathematical Logic, 13, 33–42 1981) and others have highlighted various flaws with Smiley’s now standard account of relative necessity. In their recent article, Hale and Leech (Journal of Philosophical Logic, 46, 1–26 2017) propose a novel account of relative necessity designed to overcome the problems facing the standard account. Nevertheless, the current article argues that Hale & Leech’s account suffers from its own defects, some of which Hale & Leech are aware of but underplay. To supplement this criticism, the article offers an alternative account of relative necessity which overcomes these defects. This alternative account is developed in a quantified modal propositional logic and is shown model-theoretically to meet several desiderata of an account of relative necessity.
Modified biochar from Moringa seed powder for the removal of diclofenac from aqueous solution
Authors: Bagheri Afrouz , Abu-Danso Emmanuel , Iqbal Jibran , Bhatnagar Amit 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn this study, Moringa seed powder (MSP) was pyrolyzed at 450 °C to synthesize Moringa seed powder biochar (MSPB) and treated with phosphoric acid (H3PO4) to synthesize phosphate-modified Moringa seed powder biochar (MSPB-HPO) as an adsorbent for the removal of diclofenac (Dfc) from aqueous solution. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and pH point of zero charge (pHpzc) were conducted to give more insight into the adsorbent’s properties. The SEM analysis showed the transformations in the surface morphology from the parent material to the synthesized materials after the thermal and acid treatment. EDS analysis revealed the variation in the elemental composition of the materials prior to and after adsorption of Dfc ions. The FTIR analysis showed changes and peak intensities of functional groups involved in Dfc removal. The pHpzc showed the charge carried by MSPB-HPO in different pH conditions. Isotherm data best matched the Sips model, and the pseudo-second-order model best described the adsorption kinetics. The maximum adsorption capacity of MSPB-HPO by Sips model was found to be 100.876 mg g−1.
Financial crises and the attainment of the SDGs: an adjusted multidimensional poverty approach
Authors: Antoniades Andreas , Widiarto Indra , Antonarakis Alexander S. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis paper analyses the impact of financial crises on the Sustainable Development Goal of eradicating poverty. To do so, we develop an adjusted Multidimensional Poverty Framework (MPF) that includes 15 indicators that span across key poverty aspects related to income, basic needs, health, education and the environment. We then use an econometric model that allows us to examine the impact of financial crises on these indicators in 150 countries over the period 1980–2015. Our analysis produces new estimates on the impact of financial crises on poverty’s multiple social, economic and environmental aspects and equally important captures dynamic linkages between these aspects. Thus, we offer a better understanding of the potential impact of current debt dynamics on Multidimensional Poverty and demonstrate the need to move beyond the boundaries of SDG1, if we are to meet the target of eradicating poverty. Our results indicate that the current financial distress experienced by many low-income countries may reverse the progress that has been made hitherto in reducing poverty. We find that financial crises are associated with an approximately 10% increase of extreme poor in low-income countries. The impact is even stronger in some other poverty aspects. For instance, crises are associated with an average decrease of government spending in education by 17.72% in low-income countries. The dynamic linkages between most of the Multidimensional Poverty indicators, warn of a negative domino effect on a number of SDGs related to poverty, if there is a financial crisis shock. To pre-empt such a domino effect, the specific SDG target 17.4 on attaining long-term debt sustainability through coordinated policies plays a key role and requires urgent attention by the international community.
The function and regulation of OTU deubiquitinases
Authors: Du Jiansen , Fu Lin , Sui Yingli , Zhang Lingqiang 
Published: December 2019

AbstractPost-translational modification of cellular proteins by ubiquitin regulates numerous cellular processes, including cell division, immune responses, and apoptosis. Ubiquitin-mediated control over these processes can be reversed by deubiquitinases (DUBs), which remove ubiquitin from target proteins and depolymerize polyubiquitin chains. Recently, much progress has been made in the DUBs. In humans, the ovarian tumor protease (OTU) subfamily of DUBs includes 16 members, most of which mediate cell signaling cascades. These OTUs show great variation in structure and function, which display a series of mechanistic features. In this review, we provide a comprehensive analysis of current progress in character, structure and function of OTUs, such as the substrate specificity and catalytic activity regulation. Then we discuss the relationship between some diseases and OTUs. Finally, we summarize the structure of viral OTUs and their function in immune escape and viral survival. Despite the challenges, OTUs might provide new therapeutic targets, due to their involvement in key regulatory processes.
Effectiveness of Descriptions in Missing Children Appeals: Exploration of Length, Type of Content and Confidence on Recall Accuracy
Authors: Hunt Daniel , Ioannou Maria , Synnott John 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWhen a child goes missing, it is commonplace to release details of the child in the hope that a member of the public can help to locate him or her. Despite their importance and daily usage, there remains a significant gap in understanding just how effective these appeals are in helping to locate missing children. This exploratory study utilized a two-stage approach and sought (1) to explore whether the length of the description and the type of content enclosed in the description influenced subsequent recall abilities, (2) to determine whether the length of time spent reading the mock appeal influences the subsequent recall ability, (3) to establish whether confidence in own recall ability is associated with overall recall ability, and (4) to determine whether descriptive length and content influences the subsequent recall ability following a 3-day break. Two hundred and twenty-three participants observed one of four mock missing children descriptions followed by a short word memory distraction task and a free-recall task. The second stage comprised of another free-recall task presented after a short 3-day delay. Two-way factorial ANOVAs found observing shorter descriptions have significantly greater recall accuracy than observing longer descriptions both immediately after observing the appeal and after a 3-day delay. Results also found that newsworthy descriptive content had a greater recall accuracy than non-newsworthy descriptive content after a 3-day delay. Additional analyses found that confidence in own accuracy and time spent observing the appeals was also significantly associated with recall accuracy. The findings demonstrate the necessity for improving missing children appeals.
Advanced Biotechnology for Cell Cryopreservation
Authors: Yang Jing , Gao Lei , Liu Min , Sui Xiaojie , Zhu Yingnan , Wen Chiyu , Zhang Lei 
Published: December 2019

AbstractCell cryopreservation has evolved as an important technology required for supporting various cell-based applications, such as stem cell therapy, tissue engineering, and assisted reproduction. Recent times have witnessed an increase in the clinical demand of these applications, requiring urgent improvements in cell cryopreservation. However, cryopreservation technology suffers from the issues of low cryopreservation efficiency and cryoprotectant (CPA) toxicity. Application of advanced biotechnology tools can significantly improve post-thaw cell survival and reduce or even eliminate the use of organic solvent CPAs, thus promoting the development of cryopreservation. Herein, based on the different cryopreservation mechanisms available, we provide an overview of the applications and achievements of various biotechnology tools used in cell cryopreservation, including trehalose delivery, hydrogel-based cell encapsulation technique, droplet-based cell printing, and nanowarming, and also discuss the associated challenges and perspectives for future development.
Right-Angle Shaped Elements as Dual-Band Metamaterial Absorber in Terahertz
Authors: Daniel Salman , Bawuah Prince 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMetamaterial absorbers display potential applications in the field of photonics and have been investigated extensively during the last decade. We propose a dual-band resonant metamaterial absorber with right-angle shaped elements (RAEs) in the terahertz range based on numerical simulations. The absorber remains insensitive to a wide range of incidence angles (0°–70°) by showing a minimum absorbance of ~80% at 70°. Furthermore, the proposed absorber is highly independent on any state of polarization of the incidence electromagnetic wave due to the high absorbance, i.e., greater than 80%, recorded for the considered polarization states. To further comprehend the slight variations in absorbance as a function of change in the angle of incidence, the impedance of the structure has been critically examined. The metamaterial absorber is simple in design, and we provide a possible path of fabrication.
Coherent Random Lasing Realized in Polymer Vesicles
Authors: Li Yaxin , Xie Kang , Zhang Xiaojuan , Hu Zhijia , Ma Jiajun , Chen Xianxian , Zhang Junxi , Liu Zhenming , Chen Dong 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWe have demonstrated the realization of a coherent vesicle random lasing (VRL) from the dye doped azobenzene polymer vesicles self-assembled in the tetrahydrofuran-water system, which contains a double-walled structure: a hydrophilic and hydrophobic part. The effect of the dye and azobenzene polymer concentration on the threshold of random laser has been researched. The threshold of random laser decreases with an increase in the concentration of the pyrromethene 597 (PM597) laser and azobenzene polymer. Moreover, the scattering of small size group vesicles is attributed to providing a loop to boost the coherent random laser through the Fourier transform analysis. Due to the vesicles having the similar structure with the cell, the generation of coherent random lasers from vesicles expand random lasers to the biomedicine filed.
The influence of Bacillus subtilis 87Y isolated from Eisenia fetida on the growth of pathogenic and probiotic microorganisms
Authors: Szmigiel I. , Suchodolski J. , Łukaszewicz M. , Krasowska A. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBacillus subtilis strain 87Y, isolated from the earthworm Eisenia fetida, decreases the growth of pathogenic Salmonella spp. and Staphylococcus aureus and promotes the growth of probiotic Lactococcus spp. Preserving viability in acidic conditions as well as in bile salts, B. subtilis 87Y meets two of the requirements of a probiotic strain. Thanks to the production of the biosurfactant surfactin, B. subtilis 87Y limits the growth of the Gram-positive bacterium S. aureus. In the presence of sucrose, B. subtilis produces levan, which contributes to promoting the growth of other probiotics. Our in vitro studies justify the continuation of enriching rapeseed meal waste from solid-state fermentation with B. subtilis 87Y, to produce high-value animal feed supplements.
Image-Based Inspection Technique of a Machined Metal Surface for an Unmanned Lapping Process
Authors: Ravimal Dinuka , Kim Hanul , Koh Daegwon , Hong Jin Hyuk , Lee Sun-Kyu 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis paper presents a new machine vision framework for the efficient examination and classification of surface textures on medium- and large-sized mold products, such as used for automobiles, TVs, and refrigerators. Existing techniques, which are based on the hands and eyes of skilled workers, are inconsistent and time-consuming. Although there are many types of precise surface inspection and measurement methods, most are difficult to apply at industrial sites or by finishing robots due to problems such as speed, setup limitations, and robustness. This paper proposes two techniques based on image processing that aims to automate surface inspection during an unmanned lapping process that is mainly employed to eliminate milling tool marks. First, both the shape of the reflected light and the intensity of the captured near-field contrast image right after the reflected specular are used to determine the machined surface state, and the presence of tool marks as the line light source scans counter-clockwise. Second, the photometric stereo technique is used to detect surface scratches through the normal map that recovers the surface. The proposed techniques show localized machined patterns and classify them with high accuracy.
Building Safe Lithium-Ion Batteries for Electric Vehicles: A Review
Authors: Duan Jian , Tang Xuan , Dai Haifeng , Yang Ying , Wu Wangyan , Wei Xuezhe , Huang Yunhui 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), with relatively high energy density and power density, have been considered as a vital energy source in our daily life, especially in electric vehicles. However, energy density and safety related to thermal runaways are the main concerns for their further applications. In order to deeply understand the development of high energy density and safe LIBs, we comprehensively review the safety features of LIBs and the failure mechanisms of cathodes, anodes, separators and electrolyte. The corresponding solutions for designing safer components are systematically proposed. Additionally, the in situ or operando techniques, such as microscopy and spectrum analysis, the fiber Bragg grating sensor and the gas sensor, are summarized to monitor the internal conditions of LIBs in real time. The main purpose of this review is to provide some general guidelines for the design of safe and high energy density batteries from the views of both material and cell levels.

Graphic Abstract
Safety of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with high energy density becomes more and more important in the future for EVs development. The safety issues of the LIBs are complicated, related to both materials and the cell level. To ensure the safety of LIBs, in-depth understanding of the safety features, precise design of the battery materials and real-time monitoring/detection of the cells should be systematically considered. Here, we specifically summarize the safety features of the LIBs from the aspects of their voltage and temperature tolerance, the failure mechanism of the LIB materials and corresponding improved methods. We further review the in situ or operando techniques to real-time monitor the internal conditions of LIBs.
Vestibular stimulation with Indian hammock versus music intervention in the prevention of infantile colic in term infants
Authors: Ravikumar Senthikumaran , Srinivasaraghavan Rangan , Gunasekaran Dhandapany , Sundar Sumathy , Soundararajan Palanisamy 
Published: December 2019

Background and Objectives:
To determine whether vestibular stimulation offered by Indian hammock and music intervention are useful in reducing the occurrence of infantile colic in term infants.

Methods:
This open-labelled randomized clinical trial was conducted among 465 term neonates who were randomly assigned to one of three groups: music group, hammock group and control group. The music intervention was given for a cumulative duration of at least 4 h a day with one stretch of at least 1 h. In the hammock group, babies were put to sleep inside the Indian hammock and were swung gently until they sleep, and were allowed to sleep in it, until they wake up. For the control group, routine predischarge counselling was given. All parents were provided a cry log and were instructed to record the log of cry events and duration. The primary outcome measure was occurrence of infantile colic episode as defined by ROME IV criteria. The infants were followed up from birth until the age of 3.5 months, and the cry log was collected during each follow-up visit.

Results:
Of the 435 term neonates who completed follow-up, 59 infants developed infantile colic (13.6%). The prevalence of infantile colic in the control group, music group and the Indian hammock group was 25.6%, 5.4% and 9.6% respectively; there was a significant reduction in the prevalence of infantile colic in the intervention groups as compared to the control group.

Conclusions:
Vestibular stimulation by Indian hammock and music intervention individually reduced the occurrence of infantile colic.
Convolution neural network–based Alzheimer's disease classification using hybrid enhanced independent component analysis based segmented gray matter of T2 weighted magnetic resonance imaging with clinical valuation
Authors: Basheera Shaik , Sai Ram M Satya 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn recent times, accurate and early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) plays a vital role in patient care and further treatment. Predicting AD from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and cognitive normal (CN) has become popular. Neuroimaging and computer‐aided diagnosis techniques are used for classification of AD by physicians in the early stage. Most of the previous machine learning techniques work on handpicked features. In the recent days, deep learning has been applied for many medical image applications. Existing deep learning systems work on raw magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images and cortical surface as an input to the convolution neural network (CNN) to perform classification of AD. AD affects the brain volume and changes the gray matter texture. In our work, we used 1820 T2‐weighted brain magnetic resonance volumes including 635 AD MRIs, 548 MCI MRIs, and 637 CN MRIs, sliced into 18,017 voxels. We proposed an approach to extract the gray matter from brain voxels and perform the classification using the CNN. A Gaussian filter is used to enhance the voxels, and skull stripping algorithm is used to remove the irrelevant tissues from enhanced voxels. Then, those voxels are segmented by hybrid enhanced independent component analysis. Segmented gray matter is used as an input to the CNN. We performed clinical valuation using our proposed approach and achieved 90.47% accuracy, 86.66% of recall, and 92.59% precision.