bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PSX-22 Evaluation of average fiber diameter measurements by FibreLux micron meter and OFDA2000
Authors: Walker John W , Pope Ronald , Preiffer Faron A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Average fiber diameter (AFD) of wool is one of the most important measurements for determining the value of wool and for improving its quality through selective breeding. A new instrument the FibreLux Micron Meter™ (FL) was compared to the OFDA2000, both of which are meant for on-farm measurement of AFD. Mid-side samples were collected, a staple removed and measured on the OFDA2000 and then on the FL. Measurements with the OFDA2000 and FL were made on-farm prior to shearing. The same staple was taken to the laboratory and measured on the Laser Scan (LS) a reference method for AFD. All measurements were compared using the IWTO-0 Appendix B (2002) procedure for comparison of methods. The OFDA2000 compared favorably to the LS. The slope did not differ from 1 (P = 0.44), there was no level dependent bias(P = 0.46), and r = 0.94. Compared to the LS the FL slope (1.15) differed from 1 (P = 0.03), and there was level dependent bias (P = 0.03), and r = 0.77. The FL underpredicted AFD in fine wools and overpredicted AFD on coarse wools. Samples that measured 15 µm by the reference method would be expected to measure 14.3 µm on the FL and samples that measured 25 µm on the LS would measure 25.7 µm on the FL. A comparison between the FL and the OFDA2000 showed that the results were similar to previously reported results from our laboratory that were conducted on samples in the lab. The FL is suitable for on-farm testing of AFD for selecting animals to improve AFD and for classing wool.
Differential Effects of Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy and Botulinum Toxin-A Injection on Postburn Contractures and Gait Kinematics in Burn Children
Authors: Elnaggar Ragab K , Samhan Ahmed F , Elshafey Mohammed A 
Published: December 2019

AbstractPostburn contracture is a complex and multifactorial problem that requires intensive inputs from the burn care staff. This study endeavored to evaluate the effectiveness of extracorporeal shockwave therapy and botulinum toxin-A for treating the postburn plantar flexion contracture and optimizing ankle kinematics in burn children. Thirty-eight children with burns and plantar flexion contracture were randomized to receive the standard physical rehabilitation program (control group; n = 13), unfocused extracorporeal shockwave therapy (0.2 mJ/mm2) once a week over four consecutive weeks in addition to the standard physical rehabilitation (n = 12), or botulinum toxin-A injection (0.5–2 U/kg/muscle group with maximum dose of 12 U/kg/body weight) once at entry besides the standard physical rehabilitation (n = 13). Dorsiflexion active range of motion and ankle kinematics were measured before and immediately after treatment. The posttreatment dorsiflexion active range of motion increased significantly in the extracorporeal shockwave therapy group (P = .025) and botulinum toxin-A group (P = .04) when compared to the control group. Likewise, the initial stance–dorsiflexion, stance-maximum dorsiflexion, and swing-peak dorsiflexion angle improved significantly in the extracorporeal shockwave therapy group (P ˂ .001, P = .005, and P = .002, respectively) and botulinum toxin-A group (P = .004, P = .012, and P ˂ .001, respectively) compared to the control group. No significant differences were observed between the extracorporeal shockwave therapy and botulinum toxin-A groups with respect to any of the measured variables. To conclude, extracorporeal shockwave therapy and botulinum toxin-A injection could be effectively used to treat postburn plantar flexion contracture and to optimize the ankle kinematics during walking in children, without preference for either of them.
Perioperative treatments for stage IB–IIB uterine cervical cancer
Authors: Shimada Muneaki , Tokunaga Hideki , Kobayashi Hiroaki , Ishikawa Mitsuya , Yaegashi Nobuo 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Japan Society of Gynecologic Oncology guidelines recommended either radical hysterectomy-based approach or the definitive radiotherapy including concurrent chemoradiotherapy as primary treatment for patients with not only stage IB1/IIA1, but also stages IB2, IIA2 and IIB. Based on pathological findings of surgical specimens, patients who underwent radical hysterectomy are divided into three recurrent-risk groups, low-risk, intermediate, and high-risk groups. Although some authors reported the usefulness of adjuvant chemotherapy for intermediate/high-risk patients, radiotherapy was standard adjuvant treatment for pathological-risk patients after radical hysterectomy. It has been uncertain whether neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by radical hysterectomy is beneficial for stage IB2–IIB patients. Recently, the randomized phase III study revealed that neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by radical hysterectomy failed to improve survival of stage IB2–IIB patients compared to concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Majority of stage IB2–IIB patients are required adjuvant radiotherapy after radical hysterectomy. The multimodality strategy consisting of radical hysterectomy followed by adjuvant radiotherapy is associated with not only impaired quality of life, but also conflicting of cost-effectiveness. Thereby, some authors investigated the significance of multimodality strategy consisting of chemotherapy before/after radical hysterectomy for stage IB2–IIB cervical cancer. Multimodality strategy consisting of radical hysterectomy/perioperative chemotherapy needs higher curability of radical hysterectomy, higher response to perioperative chemotherapy and less perioperative complications. Consequently, gynecologic oncologists have to examine the patients strictly before treatment and judge whether radical hysterectomy-based approach or definitive irradiation is appropriate for the patient with stage IB–IIB cervical cancer.
The utility of EBUS-TBNA in the diagnosis of suspected intrathoracic recurrence after esophageal cancer surgery
Authors: Chi Jun , Lian Shan-shan , Yang Qing , Luo Guang-yu , Xu Guo-Liang 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectivesPostoperative recurrences, especially anastomotic recurrence and regional lymph node recurrence were common in patients even with curative esophageal cancer surgery. Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration is an alternative to mediastinoscopy in patients with lung cancer and mediastinal lymphadenopathy. The aim of our study is to evaluate the utility of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration in postoperative patients suffered from esophageal malignancy.MethodsAll endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration cases performed between August 2015 and December 2018 in our center were all retrospective reviewed. The patients with enlarged mediastinal lymph node and/or unknown intrathoracic mass after esophageal cancer surgery were enrolled. Final diagnoses were determined by the result of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration, second surgery and/or clinical follow-up for at least 6 months.ResultsOverall 29 patients were included in the analysis with 30 lesions sampled. No endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration related complications were observed. In total, 22 of these (73.3%) had a diagnosis of tumor recurrence, whereas eight (26.7%) had a different diagnosis: two (6.7%) had a second primary malignancy and three (10.0%) had non-neoplastic diagnosis. Cases were false-negative in 3 (10.0%) out of 30 lesions. The overall sensitivity, negative predicted value and diagnostic accuracy were 88.9, 50.0 and 90.0%, respectively.ConclusionsGiven its safety, low invasiveness, high sensitivity and diagnostic accuracy, endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration could be considered for mediastinal lymphadenopathy and intrathoracic masses of unknown origin in patients after radical esophageal cancer resection, and its strategic role in the management of these patients was confirmed.
The Combined Effects of Mass Media and Social Media on Political Perceptions and Preferences
Authors: Kleinnijenhuis Jan , van Hoof Anita M J , van Atteveldt Wouter 
Published: December 2019

AbstractChanges in political perceptions and preferences may result from the combined effects of news from various media. Estimating these combined effects requires the best possible, albeit different, measures of news obtained from self-selected mass media and social media that can be linked to panel survey data concerning perceptions and preferences. For the 2017 Dutch national elections, such data is available. Political perceptions and preferences are affected by news statements in self-selected mass media on issue positions, support and criticism, real world conditions and success and failure, in accordance with the theories on agenda setting and issue ownership, social identity, retrospective voting and bandwagon effects, respectively. Combined effects emerge because many people use both mass media and social media. The latter do more than just reinforce predispositions. Social media also have a mere exposure effect, and a multistep flow effect that amplifies news about party successes and failures from self-selected mass media.
When Does the Crime-Terror Nexus Fail to Materialize? Drug Trafficking, Militants, and the State in Russia
Authors: Omelicheva Mariya Y , Markowitz Lawrence P 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWhat are the conditions that obstruct the formation of a crime-terror nexus? To answer this question we carry out a quantitative and qualitative analysis of Russia's North Caucasus (2008–2016) where no durable crime-terror nexus materialized despite the presence of conditions conducive to the emergence of linkages between criminals and militants. We demonstrate how the sheer diversity and fluidity of violent actors, with some deeply immersed in the political, economic, and security institutions of the Russian state, fragmented the elements of a crime-terror nexus to such a degree that collaboration among them proved too difficult and costly. Our argument makes several contributions to analyses of the crime-terror nexus. First, our study illuminates the various actors within a purported nexus, demonstrating how cooperation between them may not be forthcoming. Second, our framework demonstrates how a multiplicity of the centers and agents of state power, both formal and informal, is intimately interwoven into the fragmented security landscape. Third, the diversity of the so-called terrorist and militant groups that are competing for power and resources call for rethinking and reconceptualization of what we call a “terrorist group” and the data that we use to study terrorist violence.
A Case Report of Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Inhibitors in an Active Duty Service Member with Dissecting Cellulitis of the Scalp Resistant to Treatment
Authors: Maxon Emily , Modlin Katy , Durso Timothy A , Miletta Nathanial R 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTDissecting cellulitis of the scalp represents a disease of follicular occlusion that may be worsened by tight-fitting clothing, such as the patrol cap or advanced combat helmet used by military service members. Treatment poses a challenge to the clinician, and the treatment of choice, oral retinoids, may not improve the condition sufficiently to maintain active duty status. Early treatment augmentation with tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors may improve efficacy of oral retinoids and prevent medical separation of the active duty service member.
Risk of Preterm Birth and Newborn Low Birthweight in Military Women with Increased Pregnancy-Specific Anxiety
Authors: Weis Karen L , Walker Katherine C , Chan Wenyaw , Yuan Tony T , Lederman Regina P 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIntroductionPrenatal maternal anxiety and depression have been implicated as possible risk factors for preterm birth (PTB) and other poor birth outcomes. Within the military, maternal conditions account for 15.3% of all hospital bed days, and it is the most common diagnostic code for active duty females after mental disorders. The majority of women (97.6%) serving on active duty are women of childbearing potential. Understanding the impact that prenatal maternal anxiety and depression can have on PTB and low birthweight (LBW) in a military population is critical to providing insight into biological pathways that alter fetal development and growth. The purpose of the study was to determine the impact of pregnancy-specific anxiety and depression on PTB and LBW within a military population.Material and MethodsPregnancy-specific anxiety and depression were measured for 246 pregnant women in each trimester. Individual slopes for seven different measures of pregnancy anxiety and one depression scale were calculated using linear mixed models. Logistic regression, adjusted and unadjusted models, were applied to determine the impact on PTB and LBW.ResultsFor each 1/10 unit increase in the anxiety slope as it related to well-being, the risk of LBW increased by 83% after controlling for parity, PTB, and active duty status. Similarly, a 1/10 unit rise in the anxiety slope related to accepting pregnancy, labor fears, and helplessness increased the risk of PTB by 37%, 60%, and 54%, respectively.ConclusionsPregnancy-specific anxiety was found to significantly increase the risk of PTB and LBW in a military population. Understanding this relationship is essential in developing effective assessments and interventions. Results emphasize the importance of prenatal maternal mental health to fetal health and birth outcomes. Further research is needed to determine the specific physiological pathways that link prenatal anxiety and depression with poor birth outcomes.
Using Simulation to Train Medical Units for Deployment
Authors: Wiggins Laura L , Sarasnick Janice , Siemens Nathan G 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Introduction
Recent downsizing and budgeting issues have led to challenges when attempting to train military health care reserve forces. A specific military unit collaborated with a university simulation center in order to provide more meaningful training experiences that mirrored the deployment operational experience.

Methods
The article discusses the processes used to initiate and build a simulation-based military health care training curriculum. The team consisted of an educator specializing in the use of simulation and military content experts. Rubrics for all skills were developed or found in nursing or emergency medical technician/Paramedic textbooks. Skills station training was completed using deliberate practice, where students practiced until they reached mastery level. Simulation scenarios were completed that included a primary and secondary survey improvised explosive device event. Simulation curriculum has expanded to include psychiatric scenarios using standardized patients (actors).

Results
Documentation of the training yielded greater insight into the unit’s abilities, strengths and weaknesses. After the initial 1-year time period, 87% of medical technicians and 92% of registered nurses completed training. In total, 12 out of 38 participants needed additional support. The participants reported through the Debriefing Assessment for Simulation in Healthcare tool that they enjoyed and valued the meaningful training.

Conclusion
Training using simulation has been invaluable to improving team cohesiveness. Building a training curriculum has generated a new perspective on ways in which military units may train and assess the strengths and opportunities of the unit. The ability to see participants in action allowed for a clearer understanding of the knowledge and skill each participant actually possessed versus what was assumed. The information obtained was invaluable to leadership in determining the true readiness of the unit for deployment. The authors offer the scenarios, lesson plans, and curriculum that they developed to other units that are interested in the training.
The case for strangulation in low-mass hosts: DDO 113
Authors: Garling Christopher T , Peter Annika H G , Kochanek Christopher S , Sand David J , Crnojević Denija 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT
We investigate the case for environmental quenching of the Fornax-mass satellite DDO 113, which lies only 9 kpc in projection from its host, the Large-Magellanic-Cloud-mass galaxy NGC 4214. DDO 113 was quenched about 1 Gyr ago and is virtually gas-free, while analogs in the field are predominantly star-forming and gas-rich. We use deep imaging obtained with the Large Binocular Telescope to show that DDO 113 exhibits no evidence of tidal disruption to a surface brightness of μV ∼ 29 mag arcsec−2, based on both unresolved emission and resolved stars. Mass-analogs of DDO 113 in Illustris-1 with similar hosts, small projected separations, and no significant tidal stripping first fell into their host halo 2–6 Gyr ago, showing that tidal features (or lack thereof) can be used to constrain infall times in systems where there are few other constraints on the orbit of the satellite. With the infall time setting the clock for environmental quenching mechanisms, we investigate the plausibility of several such mechanisms. We find that strangulation, the cessation of cold gas inflows, is likely the dominant quenching mechanism for DDO 113, requiring a time-averaged mass-loading factor of η = 6–11 for star-formation-driven outflows that is consistent with theoretical and observational constraints. Motivated by recent numerical work, we connect DDO 113’s strangulation to the presence of a cool circumgalactic medium (CGM) around NGC 4214. This discovery shows that the CGM of low-mass galaxies can affect their satellites significantly and motivates further work on understanding the baryon cycle in low-mass galaxies.
Search for 7Be in the outbursts of four recent novae
Authors: Molaro P , Izzo L , Bonifacio P , Hernanz M , Selvelli P , della Valle M 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT
Following the recent detection of 7Be ii in the outburst spectra of classical novae, we report the search for this isotope in the outbursts of four recent bright novae by means of high-resolution Ultraviolet and Visual Echelle Spectrograph (UVES) observations. The 7Be ii λλ313.0583, 313.1228 nm doublet resonance lines are detected in the high-velocity components of Nova Mus 2018 and ASASSN-18fv during outbursts. However, 7Be ii is not detected in ASASSN-17hx and possibly not in Nova Cir 2018, which shows that 7Be is not always ejected in the thermonuclear runaway. Taking into account the 7Be decay, we find X(7Be)/X(H) ≈ 1.5 × 10−5 and 2.2 × 10−5 in Nova Mus 2018 and ASASSN-18fv, respectively. A value of 7Be/H ≈ 2 × 10−5 is found in five out of the seven extant measurements, and it can be considered as a typical 7Be yield for novae. However, this value is almost one order of magnitude larger than predicted by current theoretical models. We argue that the variety of high 7Be/H abundances could be the result of a higher than solar content of 3He in the donor star. The cases with 7Be not detected might be related to the small mass of the white dwarf (WD) or to relatively little mixing with the core material of the WD. The 7Be/H, or 7Li/H, abundance is ≈ 4 dex above meteoritic abundance, thus confirming the novae as the main sources of 7Li in the Milky Way.
HD 93795: a late-B supergiant star with a square circumstellar nebula
Authors: Gvaramadze V V , Kniazev A Y , Castro N , Katkov I Y 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT
We report the discovery of a square axisymmetric circumstellar nebula around the emission-line star HD 93795 in the archival Spitzer Space Telescope 24 $\rm{\mu m}$ data. We classify HD 93795 as a B9 Ia star using optical spectra obtained with the Southern African Large Telescope (SALT). A spectral analysis carried out with the stellar atmosphere code fastwind indicates that HD 93795 only recently left the main sequence and is evolving redward for the first time. We discuss possible scenarios for the origin of the nebula and suggest that HD 93795 was originally a binary system and that the nebula was formed because of the merger of the binary components. We also discuss a discrepancy between distance estimates for HD 93795 based on the Gaia data and the possible membership of this star of the Car OB1 association, and conclude that HD 93795 could be at the same distance as Car OB1.
DDIS-18. NANOCELL-MEDIATED DELIVERY OF MIR-34A COUNTERACTS TEMOZOLOMIDE RESISTANCE IN GLIOBLASTOMA
Authors: Babar Khan Muhammad , Ruggieri Rosamaria , Tran Nhan , Sarkaria Jann , MacDiarmid Jennifer , Brahmbhatt Himanshu , Boockvar John , Symons Marc 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Glioblastomas show marked intra- and inter-tumor heterogeneity and are strongly resistant to both radio- and chemo-therapy, which are standard therapeutic modalities for this tumor. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have the potential to serve as effective therapeutics for glioblastoma as they modulate the activity of multiple signaling pathways.

METHODS
Glioblastoma cultures were transfected with miR-34a or control miRNA mimics to assess biological function and therapeutic potential in vitro. miR-34a was packaged into bacterially-derived nanocells and administered intravenously for delivery to orthotopic patient-derived glioblastoma xenografts in mice.

RESULTS
Overexpression of miR-34a strongly reduced the activation status of the three core signaling networks that have been found to be deregulated in the vast majority of glioblastoma tumors, the receptor tyrosine kinase, p53 and Rb networks. miR-34a transfection also inhibited the survival of multiple established glioblastoma cell lines as well as primary patient-derived xenograft cultures representing the proneural, mesenchymal and classical subtypes. Transfection of miR-34a synergized with temozolomide (TMZ) in in vitro cultures of glioblastoma cells with primary TMZ sensitivity, primary TMZ resistance and acquired TMZ resistance. Intravenous administration of bacterially-derived nanocells carrying miR-34a strongly enhanced TMZ sensitivity in an orthotopic patient-derived xenograft mouse model of glioblastoma.

CONCLUSIONS
miR-34a strongly sensitizes a wide range of glioblastoma cell cultures to TMZ, suggesting that combination therapy of TMZ with miR-34a may serve as a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of glioblastoma tumors. Bacterially-derived nanocells are an effective vehicle for the delivery of miR-34a to glioblastoma tumors.