bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pemilihan Alternatif Jaringan Distribusi di Kelurahan Batununggal dan Mengger, Kecamatan Bandung Kidul, Kota Bandung
Authors: HAKASPENO ALYES HAKASPENO , S.DJ RACHMAWATI 
Published: June 2020

AbstrakKelurahan Batununggal dan Mengger merupakan daerah cakupan pelayanan PDAM Tirtawening, dengan jumlah penduduk pada tahun 2016 sebanyak 29.190 jiwa. Walaupun tingkat pelayanan jaringan distribusi air minum daerah tersebut sebesar 24%, tetapi pipa eksisting merupakan pipa asbes yang tua. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan perencanaan baru agar daerah tersebut dapat terlayani oleh jaringan PDAM dengan memanfaatkan sumber air dari IPA Cikalong. Periode perencanaan adalah 20 tahun, sampai dengan tahun 2039. Proyeksi total kebutuhan air rata-rata untuk tahun 2039 adalah sebesar 80,13 l/dtk. Perencanaan jaringan distribusi dilakukan dengan membuat 3 alternatif jaringan. Dari ketiga alternatif ini dipilih salah satu alternatif terbaik secara hidrolis dengan menggunakan metode Weight Ranking Technique (WRT). Analisis hidrolis dilakukan dengan menggunakan aplikasi Epanet 2.0, yang mengacu kepada kriteria sesuai dengan Permen PU No.18 Tahun 2007. Alternatif terpilih untuk wilayah perencanaan adalah alternatif ke-3, yaitu yang menggunakan pola gabungan (cabang dan loop). Dari hasil analisis hidrolis diperoleh sisa tekan, kecepatan aliran, dan headloss sebesar berturut-turut 15,89 m – 41,60 m, 0,33 m/dtk – 2,08 m/dtk dan 9,88 m/km. Pipa yang digunakan adalah jenis High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) SDR 17 PN 10. Kata Kunci: Air Minum, Analisis Hidrolis, Jaringan Distribusi.AbstractBatununggal and Mengger Sub-Districts are areas that meet the services of the Tirtawening PDAM, with a total population in 2016 of 29,190 people. Although the service level of the drinking water distribution network is 24%, the existing pipes are old asbestos pipes. Therefore, new planning needs to be done so that it can be served by PDAMs using sources from the Cikalong WTP. The planning period is 20 years, until 2039. The projected total average air demand for 2039 is 80.13 l / sec. Distribution network planning is done by making 3 alternative networks. From one of these alternatives Choose one of the best alternatives using the Weight Ranking Technique (WRT) method. Hydraulic analysis is carried out using the Epanet 2.0 application, which refers to criteria in accordance with Permen PU No.18 of 2007. The alternative chosen for regional planning is the 3rd alternative, which uses a pattern combination (branch and loop). From the results of the hydraulic analysis the remaining compressive pressures, flow velocity, and headloss were agreed at 15.89 m - 41.60 m, 0.33 m / sec - 2.08 m / sec and 9.88 m / km. The pipe used is the type of High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) SDR 17 PN 10. Keywords: Drinking Water, Hydraulic Analysis, Distribution Networks.
Inventarisasi Emisi Pencemar Kriteria dan Gas Rumah Kaca dari Sektor Transportasi On-Road di Kota Bandung menggunakan Model International Vehicle Emissions (IVE)
Authors: DEWANTO BILLY YOGA , DIRGAWATI MILA , PERMADI DIDIN AGUSTIAN 
Published: June 2020

AbstrakPerkembangan Kota Bandung berimplikasi terhadap pesatnya pertumbuhan aktivitas transportasi. Akibatnya, terjadi peningkatan emisi kendaraan bermotor secara kontinu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengestimasi beban emisi pencemar kriteria dan gas rumah kaca dari sektor transportasi on-road di Kota Bandung, khususnya untuk truk. Estimasi beban emisi diperoleh dari hasil simulasi model IVE untuk menghasilkan faktor emisi lokal komposit disertai dengan pembaruan pada jumlah registrasi seluruh jenis kendaraan di Kota Bandung. Beban emisi total tahunan paling dominan yang dihasilkan dari aktivitas transportasi di Kota Bandung tahun 2019 yakni 5.286.612,81 ton/tahun (94,48%) CO2; 254.378,9 ton/tahun (4,55%) CO; dan 35.501,65 ton/tahun (0,63%) NOx dengan kontribusi terbesar berasal dari (98,9%) emisi running. Moda transportasi yang menyumbang proporsi emisi total terbesar berasal dari 43,4% mobil pribadi, 27,8% truk, 17,1% sepeda motor, dan 10,1% berasal dari bus.Kata kunci: Aktivitas Transportasi, Model International Vehicle Emissions (IVE), Beban EmisiAbstractThe development of Bandung city has affected the level of community mobilization needs, which has implications for the rapid growth of transportation activities. As a result, an increase in motor vehicle emissions continues to have an impact on decreasing air quality in Bandung city. This study aims to estimate emission load of criteria pollutant and greenhouse gases from the on-road transportation sector, especially for trucks. Emission load estimates are obtained from the results of the IVE model simulation to generate composite local emission factors accompanied by updates on current registration numbers of vehicles in Bandung city. The most dominant total annual emission load generated from all type of fleets in Bandung city in 2019 was 5,286,612.81 tons/year (94.48%) CO2; 254,378.9 tons/year (4.55%) CO; and 35,501.65 tons/year (0.63%) NOx, with the largest contribution coming from running emissions. Major transportation modes that accounted for the largest proportion of total emissions came from 43.4% of private cars, 27.8% of trucks, 17.1% of motorbikes and 10.1% of buses. Keywords: Transportation Activities, International Vehicle Emissions (IVE) Model, Emission Load
Life cycle and eco-friendly management of Chinese fruit fly (Bactrocera minax) in sweet orange (Citrus sinesis Osbeck) in Nepal
Authors: Sharma Prakriti , Dahal Bhishma Raj 
Published: June 2020

Sweet orange (Citrus sinensis Osbeck) is a highly profitable fruit crop of Nepal. However, for the past five years, farmers experienced poor productivity partly attributed to the severe infestation of exotic Chinese fruit fly (Bactorcera minax), particularly in Sindhuli and Ramechhap district of Nepal. In this context, we attempted to review on identification, life cycle, and eco-friendly management of Chinese fruit fly. The review is documented based on a field visit and relevant works of literature from Journal articles, books, pamphlets, etc. The Chinese fruit fly has tremendous ability to take a long-range flight, thus, migrated from China to Bhutan and crossing the Indo-Nepal eastern border, finally reached to eastern mid-hills of Nepal. Moderate temperature and low humidity of mid-hills of Nepal are favorable for the exponential growth of the pest. Being sweet orange most preferable commodity, the host range of the fly includes almost all the citrus fruits. The fly has damaged 20-50% of the fruit every year and resulted in a loss of millions of rupees. Therefore various pest management practices can be deployed for sustainable eco-friendly management of the pest. The Chinese fruit fly can be successfully managed by hydrolase protein baits, regular pruning, augmentation of bio-control agents, and using soft systemic insecticides. Various other options for the management of Chinese fruit fly are also discussed with their biological efficacy for the sustainable and eco-friendly management of pests.
Boron in crop production from soil to plant system: A review
Authors: Singh Anil Kumar , Singh Alok Kumar , Singh Jay Prakash 
Published: June 2020

The deficiency of boron is spreading rapidly in Indian soils. Boron deficiency in crops is more widespread than deficiency of any other essential micronutrient. However, imbalanced or excess use of boron fertilizers found to impose negative impact on crops due to very narrow range of boron deficiency and toxicity in soil and plants which increases production cost also. Therefore, optimized boron fertilizer supply in boron deficient soils is important in order to attain normal crop growth, yield and high-quality produce. It this review the role of boron in crop production, its deficiency in crop plants has been discussed.
Analysis of Name Entities in Text Using Robust Disambiguation Method
Authors: Virliani Muthia , Bijaksana Moch. Arif , Suryani Arie Ardiyanti 
Published: June 2020

<em>Named entities are proper nouns or objects contained in a text, such as a person's name, country name, and others. Names of persons in some text are often ambiguous, which makes it difficult for ordinary people to find out these same names are the same person or not. An ambiguity of names also found in hadith, like the name Abdullah in hadith number 86 and 2411, that might be the same person or might be different. Based on this problem, then this study focuses on named entity disambiguation, which considered further semantic and lexical relation between a named entity. Expected in the future, it would help people to understand the ambiguity of the name or distinguish ambiguous names. The method used in this research was Robust Disambiguation because, in this method, the context of the named entity considered. The resulted output obtained was in the form of named entity that grouped based on the same person or different person processed with Density-based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise. This research resulted in an accuracy value of 90%, a precision value of 97%, and a recall value of 89% obtained from actual value and predicted value</em>
State Medical Board Responses to an Inquiry on Physician Researcher Misconduct
Authors: Kruszewski Stefan P. , Paczynski Richard P , Bialy Marzana 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT
Misconduct in clinical research jeopardizes the integrity of medical science. Physician researcher misconduct that produces flawed results has consequences, including the subsequent inability of other physicians who rely on erroneous data to provide informed consent and/or accurate assessment of pharmaceutical and medical device efficacy and safety. This deviation from acceptable medical practice can directly harm patients. How state medical boards address this clinical problem is uncertain. To examine this issue, we asked 51 U.S. medical boards to search their databases for disciplinary action in response to physician researcher misconduct (PRM) from 1996 thru early 2007. We compared their responses with data from federal agencies responsible for disciplinary actions against clinical researchers. Our results demonstrated: i) a high percentage (45 percent) of U.S. medical boards indicated that they did not have or could not provide access to data adequate to address whether or not disciplinary action for PRM had been levied in their states and ii) of respondents able to make relevant information available, we identified only 13 cases of physician disciplinary action for PRM. In contrast, several dozen examples of disciplinary action against physicians for serious clinical research misconduct could be readily documented in publicly accessible data from federal regulatory agencies.
Accreditation, Certification, and Licensure: How Six General Competencies are Influencing Medical Education and Patient Care
Authors: Mazmanian Paul E. , Galbraith Robert , Miller Stephen H. , Schyve Paul M. , Kopelow Murray , Thompson James N. , Aparicio Alejandro , Davis David A. , Kahn Norman B. 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT
Lifelong learning and self-assessment are tenets of medical education and health care improvement; quality and patient safety care are essential to the accreditation of organizations providing either continuing medical education (CME) or patient care; accredited CME providers must assess the learning needs of physicians: Accredited health care organizations must document physician participation in education that relates to the nature of care, treatment and services provided by the hospital. The credentialing and privileging of medical staff requires ongoing focused professional practice evaluation based on six general competencies, including compassionate care, medical knowledge, practice-based learning and improvement, effective communication, demonstrated professionalism and coordinated systems-based practice. As those charged with assessment and program evaluation are challenged to produce valid and reliable results to improve education and health care, United States licensing authorities are defining good medical practice and considering competency-based maintenance of licenses. The present paper offers a framework to advance the discussion of relative value credits for gains assessed in knowledge, competence and performance of physicians. A more synchronized and aligned consortium of medical licensing boards, specialty boards and organizations granting practice privileges is recommended to inform the design of education and physician assessment to assure quality and patient safety.
A National Analysis of Medical Licensure Applications
Authors: Polfliet Sarah J. 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT
The 1990 enactment of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and subsequent case law have established that medical board screening of physician licensure applicants for histories of mental illness or substance use may constitute discrimination. This study examines how physician licensure questionnaires have evolved since the enactment of the ADA. Specifically, we requested medical licensure applications in 2006 from all U.S. affiliated medical licensing boards (n=54) and analyzed their mental health and substance use inquiries comparatively with application data from 1993, 1996 and 1998. Response rates were 96 percent (n=52) for initial registration applications and 93 percent (n=50) for renewal applications. Our results indicate that applicants in 2006, compared with applicants in the 1990s, were questioned more about past, rather than current, histories of mental illness and substance use. These findings revealed medical board practices that seem to run counter to existing court interpretations of the ADA, as well as licensure guidelines established by several professional organizations.
Propuesta metodológica para el monitoreo de huellas vehiculares en comunidades vegetales protegidas del desierto
Authors: Almiron Martín Guillermo 
Published: June 2020

Introducción y objetivos: El tránsito de vehículos sobre el terreno de áreas protegidas, constituye una amenaza al patrimonio natural que debe ser evaluada. El alto costo operativo de monitorear estas actividades hace que sea necesario desarrollar alternativas de evaluación rápidas y simples que permitan tener un primer parámetro de tendencias. Mediante freeware y técnicas básicas, se propone como caso de estudio evaluar las huellas vehiculares durante dos períodos (2004 y 2018) y su potencial impacto en la vegetación del área protegida Loma de Las Tapias, San Juan, Argentina.
M&M: Empleando la zonificación florística preexistente y dos sets de imágenes satelitales (2004-2018), se cuantificaron las huellas vehiculares con una grilla, cuyos cuadros fueron categorizados según: ausencia de huellas; huellas antiguas (2004); huellas nuevas (2018) y huellas reincidentes (2004-2018) sobre las diferentes comunidades vegetales.
Resultados: Actualmente, de los 223 cuadros que constituyen la grilla, solo el 35 % no posee huellas vehiculares, mientras que el 13,9 % posee únicamente huellas antiguas, el 30 % huellas reincidentes y el 21,1 % restante posee huellas vehiculares nuevas. Por lo tanto, se observa un claro incremento de huellas durante el período evaluado, que fue uniforme en todas las unidades florísticas.
Conclusiones: La metodología propuesta resultó sencilla y rápida y permitió detectar el incremento de huellas en el área, estableciendo así valores de referencia para posteriores evaluaciones. El incremento de huellas observado, enfatiza la necesidad de priorizar la conservación y de incorporar nuevas capas temáticas para enriquecer la gestión del área protegida.
Caracterización morfoanatómica de las hojas del “Sarandí blanco” o “Sarã morotí” (Citharexylum amabilis y Citharexylum myrianthum –Verbenaceae–) y su empleo en la etnobotánica médica de los criollos del Chaco Húmedo formoseño (Argentina)
Authors: Anconatani Leonardo , Wagner Marcelo L. 
Published: June 2020

Introducción y objetivos: Citharexylum amabilis (Verbenaceae) es una especie empleada en la etnomedicina de los criollos del chaco húmedo norte como hipoglucemiante. Es conocida en la zona como “sarandí blanco” o “sarã morotí” y la parte utilizada son sus hojas. Con el mismo nombre vernáculo, mismo uso y órgano empleado se comercializa en los mercados de Formosa otra especie: Citharexylum myrianthum (Verbenaceae), la cual se emplea de manera sustituta. Debido a la ausencia de información morfoanatómica respecto al órgano vegetal empleado de ambas especies se realizó su caracterización con la intención de aportar caracteres anatómicos como herramienta para su identificación y diferenciación microscópica.
M&M: Se recolectó la información etnobotánica por medio de entrevistas semiestructuradas, se recolectó material vegetal y se adquirió muestras en el mercado local. Se realizaron técnicas de anatomía vegetal para la caracterización.
Resultados: Es posible distinguir las hojas de ambas especies principalmente debido a la presencia de tricomas eglandulares simples unicelulares y pluricelulares presentes en la C. myrianthum y ausentes en C. amabilis.
Conclusiones: Constituye este trabajo el primer estudio farmacobotánico de las hojas de estas especies, y el primer registro del empleo de C. amabilis en la etnobotánica medica del noroeste argentino.
Evaluación de policultivos frutihortícolas agroecológicos del Nordeste Argentino
Authors: Alvez Natalia V. , Alayon Luaces Paula 
Published: June 2020

Introducción y objetivos: La Agroecología entiende que el manejo óptimo de los agroecosistemas depende del nivel de interacciones entre varios componentes bióticos y abióticos y entre estas, los policultivos son propuestas claves. Aquí evaluamos el comportamiento de especies hortícolas cultivadas debajo de diferentes árboles frutales del nordeste de Argentina.
M&M: Se evaluó la consociación de cuatro frutales: Aguay (Chrysophyllum gonocarpum), Guayabo (Psidium guajava), Ñangapirí (Eugenia uniflora) y Níspero (Erybotria japónica), en combinación con especies hortícolas con diferentes órganos de aprovechamiento: hojas de Perejil (Petroselinum crispum), tubérculos del hipocótilo de Rabanito (Raphanus sativus) y frutos de Arveja (Pisum sativum). Se realizaron determinaciones de radiación disponible para las especies hortícolas, análisis del aporte de la hojarasca, abundancia de vegetación espontánea, rendimiento de las hortícolas en cada combinación.
Resultados: El Aguay tuvo un efecto positivo en el crecimiento y desarrollo de las tres especies hortícolas (Rabanito, Perejil y Arvejas). La consociación con Guayabo fue positiva para el Perejil pero negativa para las Arvejas. El Níspero tuvo un efecto positivo en la producción de Arvejas; sin embargo la consociación con éste no es recomendable para Rabanito o Perejil. La consociación menos recomendada para las tres especies hortícolas fue con Ñangapirí, en la cual no se obtuvieron efectos positivos.
Conclusiones: Los árboles frutales Aguay, Guayabo y Níspero del noreste de Argentina representan alternativas importantes para la producción agroecológica de cultivos hortícolas comunes como el Rabanito, el Perejil y las Arvejas. En contraste, el árbol frutal Ñangapirí no se recomienda para estos cultivos hortícolas.
Review of the convex contractions of Istratescu's type in various generalized metric spaces
Authors: GARDASEVİC-FİLİPOVİC Milanka , KUKİC Katarina , MİTROVİC Zoran , RADENOVİC Stojan 
Published: June 2020

The main purpose of this paper is to consider convex contraction of Istratescu’s type in various generalized metric spaces (partial metric spaces, cone metric spaces, cone b-metric spaces, partial b-metric spaces, and others). In it, among other things, we generalize, extend, correct and enrich the recent announced results in existing literature.
Edukacja polonistyczna w czasach populistycznej zarazy
Authors: Koc Krzysztof 
Published: June 2020

The article encourages reflection on the role of Polish language education in the face of contemporary challenges. One of them is the expansion of populism (e.g. in politics, in the media, in the way of thinking about education) and the accompanying disinformation campaigns, propaganda or replacing information analysis with emotional opinions. We are also in Poland witnessing this disturbing process, which threatens the foundations of democracy. That is why teaching a critical attitude towards theses expressed in public discourse is so important. The article shows how access to reliable information can contribute to forming such an attitude. The author also suggests that the interpretation of modern children’s literature may be used to expose populist lies, harmful simplifications, and manipulation of facts; it can also successfully support the development of mature civic awareness even among very young students. The point of reference in this case is the problem of attitude towards refugees.
Formulation and Characterization of Isradipine as Oral Nanoemulsion
Authors: Sadoon Noor A. , M. Ghareeb Mowafaq 
Published: June 2020

Isradipine related to dihydropyridine (DHP) class of calcium channel blockers (CCBs). It is used to treat hypertension, angina pectoris, as well as Parkinson disease. It goes under the BCS class II drug (low solubility-high permeability). The drug will experience extensive first-pass metabolism in liver, thus, oral bio-availability will be approximately15 to 24 %.
The aim of the study is preparing stable oral oil in water (o/w) nanoemulsion of isradipine to promote the colloidial dispersion of isradipine in the nano range, so that it may be absorded by intestinal lymphatic transport in order to avoid hepatic first-pass metabolism (israpidine undergoes 15-24% first pass metabolism) and increase drug bioavailability.
The solubility study was carried out in various vehicles for selecting best solvent for dissolving isradipine. Pseudo-ternary phase diagrams is formed at (1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4 and 2:1) ratios related to Smix (co-surfactant and surfactant). There are 11 nano-emulsion was prepared through the use of many concentrations of ( Transcutol, Tween20, and Triacetin).
All formulations assessed for (in-vitro drug dissolution, pH measurement, viscosity, drug content, polydispersity index, particle size distribution, thermodynamic stability, dye test, and light transmittance). It is indicated that the extent as well as the rate of release regarding all the prepared formulations have considerably higher in comparison to that of crude drug powder. Results of characterization were explained that isradipine nano emulsion (NE9) with S mix(1:4) : oil : deionized water (40: 5: 55) ratio was the optimized formula that has droplet size range (177.1nm), the lowest value of polydispersity index (0.12), the highest percent of drug content (99.7%) typical pH value for oral administration (5.21) , good percent of light transmittance (99.86 %), the range of viscosity (65.12 -25.2 m Pas. sec.) was suitable for oral administration, also the isradipine’s in vitro release has been considerably higher. It can be concluded that nano emulsion drug delivery system (DDS) can be considered as an encouraging method for improving the stability, dissolution and solubility of formulation.
Keywords: Nanoemulsion, Isradipine , Peudoternary phase diagrams.