bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bodyweight Estimation of Anglo Nubian Dairy Goats at Lobi Farm, Pondok Kubang, Central Bengkulu
Authors: Bilyaro Woki , Endang Sulistyowati  , Muhammad dani  , Azis Arif Rahman 
Published: December 2024

Dairy goats are small ruminants that have the potential to become fresh milk producers to fulfill the milk needs in Indonesia. Anglo Nubian goats are one type of dairy goat found in Lobi Farm, UMKM Bukit Bengkulu. The purpose of the study was to determine the level of correlation between body measurements, namely body length (PB), chest circumference (LD), and shoulder height (TP) to body weight (BW) of Anglo Nubian goats. A total of 22 Anglo Nubian goats were used in this study. The research data collected were primary data from direct measurements and secondary data. The data analysis used was correlation and multiple linear regression using the R program. The results showed that TP, PB and LD were each positively and significantly correlated with the body weight of Anglo Nubian goats with correlation coefficients of 0.516, O.715, and 0.884, respectively, while together TP, PB and LD were correlated by 0.916. Chest circumference correlated best with body weight when using a single variable. Whereas, the combination of BL and CG was the best and simplest regression model in correlation to body weight of Anglo Nubian goats with the regression equation.
Effect of Addition of Pandan Leaf Infusa (Pandanus amaryllifous, R) on Carcass Weight, Carcass Percentage and Abdominal Fat of Broilers
Authors: Sikumbang Chairani Mukherji , Nilawati Nilawati , Malvin Toni , Fati Nelzi 
Published: December 2024

Many natural components are currently being looked for as substitute feed additives in broiler feed and drinking water to increase the effectiveness and quality of broiler production. Pandan leaves are one possible herbal component. The study's goal was to determine the optimal pandan infusion dosage for broiler carcasses, abdominal fat deposition. In this study, one hundred broiler aged one day were divided into 4 treatments and 5 replicates using a completely randomized design (CRD). The trial lasted four weeks in the Payakumbuh State Agricultural Polytechnic production laboratory's broiler stage cage. Twenty broilers per treatmnets were given pandan leaf infusa to drinking water. The four tretamnets were as follows: no additon of pandan infusion (A0), 1% addition (A1), 2% addition (A2) and; 3% addition (A3). The findings demonstrated that the research variables were not significantly impacted (P̃ > 0.05) by the addition of pandan leaf infusa to drinking water. The percentage of carcass ranged from 66.52% to 71.56%, and the percentage of abdominal fat ranged from 0.92% to 0.77%. These findings lead to the conclusion that adding up to 3% of leaf infusion to drinking water did not improved carcass and abdominal fat deposition.
Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of Escherichia coli Isolates in Broiler Chickens at Slaughterhouse and Retails
Authors: Emiliana Niti , Khairani Nurul , Prayoga Rully , Nurbiyanti Nofita , Sunandar Sunandar , Naipospos Tri Satya Putri 
Published: December 2024

This study aims to identify the antibiotic resistance pattern of Escherichia coli in the broiler food chain at poultry slaughterhouses and outlets. The sampling method used purposive sampling. Each of the 30 cecum and carcass samples was obtained from a Poultry Slaughterhouse, and 40 samples from 1 retail (consisting of 5 outlets), which received supplies from the same Poultry Slaughterhouse, were isolated and identified as E. coli. The results showed that 57 isolates were positively identified as E. coli, and the sensitivity was tested for the Antibiotic Susceptibility Test using the disc diffusion method. Statistical analysis using the Chi-Square method and Fisher's Exact Test (p-value=0.01) showed a pattern of sensitivity of Ciprofloxacin (p=0.89), Colistin (p=0.07), Sulfamethoxazole (p=1.00), Chloramphenicol (p=0.67) and Meropenem (p= <0.001). The highest resistance was found in frozen carcass isolates at the outlet to Colistin (69%), and E. coli isolates from cecum at the poultry slaughterhouse showed resistance to Meropenem (67%). Furthermore, it was discovered that 35% of isolates were only resistant to one type of antibiotic. Resistance bacteria may spread and threaten consumers' health while they get carried from farm to retail.
Short and Medium-chain Fatty Acid Profile of Goat Milk Fed with Pineapple Peel Silage
Authors: Raguati Raguati , Afzalani Afzalani , Elymaizar Zulfa , Sulaksana Indra , Farizal Farizal 
Published: December 2024

This study aims to determine the profile of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA) in goat milk-fed pineapple peel silage. The pineapple waste was milled and mixed with 5% (w/w) of rice brand, put into an anaerobic plastic bag, and stored for 21 days to produce pineapple peel silage. The materials used in this research were 12 female Etawa cross-breed dairy goats allocated into randomized block designs with four kinds of feed treatments and three groups of lactation periods. The feed treatments were P0 (60% forage + 40% concentrate); P1 (30% forage + 30% pineapple peel silage + 40% concentrate); P2 (15% forage + 45% pineapple peel silage + 40% concentrate); P3 (60% pineapple peel silage + 40% concentrate). Forage contains native grass and rubber leaves. The concentrate consists of 58% bran, 25% fine corn, 6% soybean meal, 9% coconut meal, 1% mineral mixture, and 1% salt. The variables observed were feed consumption, fat milk, and short-chain and medium-chain milk fatty acids. The data obtained were analyzed using ANOVA, and if there were differences between treatments, a Duncan test. The result of this study showed that the use of pineapple peel silage as a forage source had affected the feed consumption (P<0.05) but did not significantly affect SCFA acid and MCFA profile (P> 0.05) in goat milk. Using pineapple peel silage as forage replacement up to 45 % in Fed, the dairy Ettawa cross-breed (EC) goat’s diet significantly affects the short-chain and medium-chain fatty acids profile. The content of short-chain fatty acids and medium-chain fatty acids in goat's milk decreases, and there is no musty smell due to the addition of pineapple peel silage in the feed.
Antibacterial Activity of Eco Enzyme and Eco Enzyme with Acorus calamus Stem Against Contaminated Duck Eggs
Authors: Ginting Nurzainah , Azzahirah Nusaibah 
Published: December 2024

In Indonesia, raw duck eggs are often consumed as an additive when consuming herbal medicine. However, duck eggs sold in traditional markets are often found in dirty conditions, and there is concern about bacterial contamination. Bacteria in duck eggs causes diarrhea and typhoid fever in consumers who consume raw duck eggs. This study aims to identify the presence of Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp. bacteria in raw duck eggs and perform antibacterial tests using eco enzymes and eco enzymes with Acorus calamus stems. In contrast, the test was carried out using the disc diffusion method. The study was conducted on duck eggs from five traditional markets in the city of Medan, and from each market, four duck eggs were taken from three sellers, so the number of eggs studied was 60. Eggshells mashed in a mortar or egg yolks were identified for the number of pathogenic bacteria Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp. In this study, bacteria were found on eggshells, and an antibacterial test using eco enzyme and eco enzyme with Acorus calamus stem was conducted. The parameters measured were zone of inhibition (ZI), minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). The results showed that Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp. were found in seven of the 60 eggs (11.7%). The bacterial population of Escherichia coli were 23 x 103 CFU/ml, and Salmonella sp. was 38 x 103 CFU/ml, while the population were above the maximum population of the Indonesian National Standard. Eco enzyme with Acorus calamus stem has better antibacterial properties than eco enzyme. It has strong ZI, which means it has antibacterial effectiveness on Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp. MIC start from 3.3%. MBC at a concentration of 10%. In conclusion, eco enzymes with Acorus calamus can be antibacterial against Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp in duck egg shells.
Effects of optimal versus suboptimal median household income on the surgically treated traumatic brain injury population at a level I trauma center in the Boston metropolitan area: a propensity score–matched analysis
Authors: Ravina Kristine , Ladner Liliana , Safransky Michelle , Sconzo Daniel , Wetsel Zachary P. , Wadhwa Aryan , Balagurunath Kaasinath , Ahrens Monica L. , Binello Emanuela 
Published: December 2024

OBJECTIVE
The median household income is a useful metric for healthcare disparity assessment. New England holds the highly diverse, densely populated Boston metropolitan area, which is known for having one of the highest living wages in the US. To the authors’ knowledge, there is no published data on the effects of optimal versus suboptimal median household income on the surgical treatment of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). The authors sought to evaluate the disparities of an optimal versus suboptimal median household income–stratified population of patients with TBI who underwent surgical treatment at a single level I trauma center with a high safety-net burden in a major US metropolitan area.

METHODS
Demographic, clinical, and outcome data of patients who underwent surgery for TBI between 2015 and 2021 were collected and stratified based on optimal (≥ $80,000) and suboptimal (< $80,000) median residential household income. One-to-one tight caliper (0.01) propensity score matching was performed to balance the groups for comparative analysis.

RESULTS
From the initial 144 patients in the optimal and 140 patients in the suboptimal income groups, 53 patients were included in each group after propensity matching. The suboptimal income group was significantly more ethnically diverse (p = 0.02), with significantly more ethnic minority patients (p = 0.05). Significantly more patients in the optimal income group presented as transfers from other hospitals (p < 0.001). Insurance status, injury mechanism, type and location, imaging features, length of ICU stay, and distribution of disposition destinations, as well as the follow-up time and outcome measures were not significantly different between the two groups after propensity matching.

CONCLUSIONS
Although the suboptimal income group is significantly more ethnically diverse, median household income does not seem to affect TBI outcomes and discharge disposition. Patients in the optimal income group more frequently presented as transfers from other facilities, potentially indicating fair high-level care at a specialized trauma center with a high safety-net burden adapted to a diverse patient population.
Impact of contrast administration and CT reconstruction plane on Hounsfield units for assessing underlying bone quality in the lumbar spine
Authors: Hamouda Abdelrahman M. , Pennington Zach , Astudillo Potes Maria , Shafi Mahnoor , Mikula Anthony L. , Lakomkin Nikita , Martini Michael L. , Bydon Mohamad , Kennel Kurt A. , Drake Matthew T. , Freedman Brett A. , Sebastian Arjun S. , Nassr Ahmad , Fogelson Jeremy L. , Elder Benjamin D. 
Published: December 2024

OBJECTIVE
Hounsfield units (HUs) may better predict biomechanical complications of instrumented fusion than conventional bone quality measures. Typically, noncontrast axial slices are used. This study aims to address the influence of reconstruction plane and contrast administration on measured HUs in patients undergoing lumbar spine imaging.

METHODS
Patients without prior spine surgery, infection, or tumor were identified for 3 groups: 1) 150 patients with high-resolution noncontrast lumbar CT, 2) 109 patients with noncontrast and contrast-enhanced lumbar CT, and 3) 100 patients with noncontrast lumbar CT and lumbar CT myelograms. Noncontrast HU measures in group 1 were compared between axial, sagittal, and coronal reconstructions. HU measures for groups 2 and 3 were compared on axial slice averages. HU measures between groups were compared using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test to investigate the presence of a statistically significant difference between groups (α = 0.05). Linear regression was also used to determine the degree of correlation between HU measures on noncontrast axial CT slices and HU measures on other sequences.

RESULTS
The mean patient age was 58.8 ± 15.9 years for group 1 (54.0% male), 65.5 ± 15.9 years for group 2 (61.5% male), and 65.2 ± 14.2 years (53.5% male) for group 3. Comparison of HU measures in group 1 showed significant differences across measurement modalities with the exception of axial average versus coronal average measures (p = 0.257) and sagittal average versus midsagittal measures (p = 0.726). There were significant differences in average axial HUs for each vertebral body between contrast and noncontrast lumbar CT and between CT myelography and noncontrast CT. Linear regression analysis demonstrated an extremely high correlation between measures for all methodologies (r2 = 0.950–0.986, all p < 0.001), and between contrast-enhanced and noncontrast studies (r2 = 0.870, p < 0.001). Measurements on CT myelography were significantly correlated with those in noncontrast studies, although to a lesser degree (r2 = 0.745, p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS
HU measures on noncontrast CT appear similar across multiple different planes, suggesting that a simpler methodology such as single-slice measurement on midsagittal reconstruction may allow for more rapid assessment of underlying bone quality. Consistent with prior work, contrast-enhanced CT sequences appear to reliably mirror underlying bone quality, although CT myelogram measures may vary in a more unpredictable way that precludes their use to interpret underlying bone quality. HU measures on contrast-enhanced studies are on average greater, suggesting the need for higher cutoff values.
Innovative CNN approach for reliable chicken meat classification in the poultry industry
Authors: Anraeni Siska , Mustari Muhid , Ramdaniah Ramdaniah , Kurniati Nia , Mubarak Syahrul 
Published: December 2024

In response to the burgeoning need for advanced object recognition and classification, this research embarks on a journey harnessing the formidable capabilities of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). The central aim of this study revolves around the precise identification and categorization of objects, with a specific focus on the critical task of distinguishing between fresh and spoiled chicken meat. This study's overarching objective is to craft a robust CNN-based classification model that excels in discriminating between objects. In the context of our research, we set out to create a model adept at distinguishing between fresh and rotten chicken meat. This endeavor holds immense potential in augmenting food safety and elevating quality control standards within the poultry industry. Our research methodology entails meticulous data collection, which includes acquiring high-resolution images of chicken meat. This meticulously curated dataset serves as the bedrock for both training and testing our CNN model. To optimize the model, we employ the 'adam' optimizer, while critical performance metrics, such as accuracy, precision, recall, and the F1-score, are methodically computed to evaluate the model's effectiveness. Our experimental findings unveil the remarkable success of our CNN model, with consistent accuracy, precision, and recall metrics all reaching an impressive pinnacle of 94%. These metrics underscore the model's excellence in the realm of object classification, with a particular emphasis on its proficiency in distinguishing between fresh and rotten chicken meat. In summation, our research concludes that the CNN model has exhibited exceptional prowess in the domains of object recognition and classification. The model's high accuracy signifies its precision in furnishing accurate predictions, while its elevated precision and recall values accentuate its effectiveness in differentiating between object classes. Consequently, the CNN model stands as a robust foundation for future strides in object classification technology. As we peer into the horizon of future research, myriad opportunities beckon. Our CNN model's applicability extends beyond chicken meat classification, inviting exploration across diverse domains. Furthermore, the model's refinement and adaptation for specific challenges represent an exciting avenue for future work, promising heightened performance across a broader spectrum of object recognition tasks.
Design and development of face recognition-based security system using expression game as liveness detection
Authors: Yusmanto Yunan , Ar Rosyid Harits , Prasetya Wibawa Aji 
Published: December 2024

Face recognition as a security system has undergone significant developments, but challenges in live detection are still a major issue in preventing fraud. Liveness detection is a method that helps face recognition security more resistant to fraud. This research aims to address this issue by developing an innovative security system that integrates face recognition with a facial expression game, enhancing live detection and user engagement. The primary objectives are to ensure seamless integration, maintain a fun and challenging user experience, and demonstrate practical applicability. We applied a Waterfall method in our research to ensure a straightforward approach. We successfully applied this system for the door lock-unlock mechanism, simulating a restricted area. YuNet, a face detection model runs in the web interface and controls the NodeMCU to either lock or unlock the door. The study concluded 95% success rate from the participants in making facial expressions: Smile, Normal, and Sad. However, expressing Sadness within the 3-second timeframe posed some difficulties. The average duration for completing the mini-game was approximately 16.31 seconds from the start. The integration of a facial expression game as a liveness detection required careful design to balance security and user engagement that is fun to experience. This research underscores the significance of addressing current challenges in biometric security by integrating an interactive element into the live detection process. The developed system contributes to the field by enhancing the robustness and user experience of face recognition security systems, demonstrating potential for broader application in restricted access scenarios.
Study of anthocyanins in several genetic resources from the national eggplant collection of Armenia
Authors: Sarikyan Karine , Kirakosyan Gohar , Grigoryan Marine , Vardanyan Varduhi , Sahradyan Gayane , Ghazaryan Davit , Zhamharyan Arusyak 
Published: December 2024

Background: The main components of eggplant skin extract are anthocyanins, which play a vital role in determining the skin's color. Cultivated eggplants can potentially increase their anthocyanin content by crossing with various forms that synthesize different types of anthocyanins. This strategy could lead to eggplants with even higher antioxidant properties. Consuming products rich in anthocyanins is beneficial for preventing the development of serious diseases. Therefore, special attention should be paid to the selection of eggplants due to their high content of these biologically active substances.
Objective: The study focuses on the effectiveness of various eggplant genetic resources conserved at the National Eggplant Collection in Armenia, specifically examining the anthocyanin content in eggplant fruits.
Methods: Experiments were conducted at the experimental station of the Scientific Centre of Vegetable and Industrial Crops in Darakert, Ararat Marz of Armenia during 2022-2023. For these experiments, several genetic resources from the Armenian National Eggplant collection were utilized, including the brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) varieties Mini Miss and Tavush, and wild relatives of eggplant, introduced from Taiwan and species from The World Vegetable Center (AVRDC), namely Solanum macrocarpon and Solanum incanum. The quantitative determination of the total anthocyanins was carried out using pH differential spectrophotometry. The experimental data was subjected to two statistical processing methods. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Hierarchial Cluster Analysis.
Results: The total anthocyanins content in eggplant fruits is 0,34-6,19(mass%), with a standard deviation of ±0.06 ±0.42 respectively. The moisture content in the eggplant fruits is 89,35-92,3 (mass%), with a standard deviation ±0,96 ±1,7. They have several promising anthocyanin-rich varieties such as Solanum melongena L. (Mini Miss and Tavush), and wild relatives from the deceased Tawan and species from the World Vegetable Center (AVRDC), namely Solanum macrocarpon and Solanum incanum,
Conclusion: Several genetic resources of the national eggplant collection, including Armenian varieties such as Solanum melongena L. (Mini Miss and Tavush), as well as wild relatives from the deceased Tawan and species from the World Vegetable Center (AVRDC), namely Solanum macrocarpon and Solanum incanum, exhibited high anthocyanin content. These valuable resources can play a crucial role in breeding new eggplant varieties and hybrids, as well as in creating innovative forms of functional food.
Keywords: eggplant, anthocyanins, genetic resources
Kesesuaian Penggunaan Obat Pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Berdasarkan Algoritma Terapi Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Andalas Dan Puskesmas Tarakan Kota Makassar
Authors: Rusli Rusli , Nurisyah Nurisyah , Dewi Ratnasari , Rianti A.Elmi , Khafifah Khafifah 
Published: December 2024

Diabetes melitus adalah penyakit kronis yang disebabkan oleh peningkatan kadar gula darah. Salah satu strategi pengendalian kadar gula darah pada pasien diabetes melitus adalah penggunaan obat secara rasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kesesuaian penggunaan obat pada pasien diabetes melitus berdasarkan algoritma terapi di wilayah kerja puskesmas Andalas dan Puskesmas Tarakan kota Makassar. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif yang bersifat non eksperimental yang dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan data rekam medis pasien diabetes melitus. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah pasien diabetes melitus yang mendapatkan pengobatan di puskesmas Andalas di tahun 2023 yaitu sebanyak 56 catatan rekam medis pasien yang terdiri dari 26 orang laki-laki dan 30 orang perempuan sedangkan di puskesmas Tarakan sebanyak 33 catatan rekam medis pasien yang terdiri dari 9 orang laki-laki dan 24 orang perempuan, penggunaan obat yang diberikan kepada pasien dibandingkan dengan standar PERKENI 2021. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan obat antidiabetes terapi tunggal yang paling banyak digunakan di Puskesmas Andalas dan Puskesmas Tarakan berturut-turut adalah golongan biguanide yaitu metformin (76,67%) dan (48,48%) dan terapi kombinasi yang paling banyak adalah golongan biguanide + sulfonilurea yaitu metformin + glimepiride (53,84%) dan (70,37%). Evaluasi menunjukkan pasien yang tepat indikasi (100%), tepat obat di Puskesmas Andalas (96,43%) dan Pukesmas Tarakan (87,88%), tepat dosis di Puskesmas Andalas (87,5%) dan Pukesmas Tarakan (97%), dan tepat pasien (100%). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa 96,43% penggunaan obat pada pasien diabetes melitus di Puskesmas Andalas kota Makassar sudah sesuai dengan Algoritma Persatuan Endokrinologi Indonesia tahun 2021 (PERKENI 2021) dan penggunaan obat diabetes melitus di Puskesmas Tarakan yang sesuai dengan Algoritma sebanyak 87,88%.