Abstract 6403: Characterization of small molecule inhibitors of PELP1 for treating advanced breast cancer
Authors: Altwegg Kristin Ann , Viswanadhapalli Suryavathi , Mann Monica , Pratap Uday P. , Li Mengxing , Liu Junhao , Luo Yiliao , Sareddy Gangadhara R. , Vankayalapati Hariprasad , Vadlamudi Ratna K. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death in American women. BC is composed of distinct molecular subtypes, such as ER positive BC (ER+) and triple negative BC (TNBC). Development of novel effective therapies for patients with therapy resistant BC (TR-BC) and TNBC remains the highest unmet need in patient treatment and survivorship. Proline, glutamic acid-, and leucine-rich protein 1 (PELP1) plays a critical role in multiple nuclear receptor functions leading to TR-BC and TNBC progression. PELP1 expression is dysregulated in BC, is a prognostic indicator of poorer BC survival, and its deregulation contributes to TR-BC. The objective of this study is characterization of a small molecule inhibitor of PELP1 (SMIP34) as novel therapeutic for treating advanced BC.
Methods: Yeast two-hybrid screening was used to identify PELP1 Inhibitory Peptide 1 (PIP1). Direct binding of PIP1 to PELP1 was confirmed using biotin pull-down assays and inhibition of BC proliferation confirmed using MTT assays. Hit-Ligand interaction site with PIP1 hot spot residues based on 3D alignment and morphology was used to generate a library of small chemical molecules that function as peptidomimetics of PIP1. In vitro activity was assessed using CellTiter Glo, MTT, colony formation and matrigel invasion assays in multiple BC models. Mechanistic studies were conducted using Western blot, and reporter gene assays. Xenograft and patient derived explant (PDEX) assays were used for preclinical evaluation.
Results: Screening utilizing MTT assays lead to the selection of SMIP34 as an inhibitor of PELP1. SMIP34 treatment reduced cell viability at an IC50 of 3-10µM in a panel of BC cells. Additionally, SMIP34 showed no activity in human mammary epithelial cells. Knockdown of PELP1 in BC cells significantly reduced the SMIP34 activity, confirming target specificity. Furthermore, SMIP34 treatment significantly reduced the invasiveness and colony formation of TR-BC and TNBC cells. Mechanistic studies using Western blot analysis confirmed that SMIP34 binding to PELP1 contributes to its degradation. In combination studies, SMIP34 displayed synergy and enhanced the efficacy of current chemotherapeutics Cisplatin and Paclitaxel. In PDEX assays, SMIP34 significantly decreased tumor proliferation as measured by Ki67 staining. In xenograft models, SMIP34 (10mg/kg/s.c.) treatment resulted in significant reduction in tumor volume compared to vehicle control. Furthermore, overall mouse body weight in both control and SMIP34 treated groups were similar, suggesting no overt signs of toxicity.
Conclusion: We have developed a first-in-class small molecule inhibitor of PELP1 (SMIP34) displaying therapeutic efficacy against TR-BC and TNBC in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo.
Supported by CPRIT Predoctoral Fellowship CPRIT RTA; RP170345 (K.A. Altwegg) and VA grant I01BX004545 (R.K.V)
Citation Format: Kristin Ann Altwegg, Suryavathi Viswanadhapalli, Monica Mann, Uday P. Pratap, Mengxing Li, Junhao Liu, Yiliao Luo, Gangadhara R. Sareddy, Hariprasad Vankayalapati, Ratna K. Vadlamudi. Characterization of small molecule inhibitors of PELP1 for treating advanced breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr 6403.