bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of conductivity‐based osmolality measurement in urine using the Sysmex UF5000
Authors: Yoo Dong‐Won , Lee Sun Min , Moon Soo Young , Kim In‐Suk , Chang Chulhun L. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundAutomated flow cytometry‐based urine analyzer is increasingly being used to identify and enumerate cells and particles in urine specimens. It measures electrical conductivity which could be transformed to osmolality. Using this machine, all urine specimens could be screened for osmolality without requiring a separate dedicated device. We evaluated the performance of the new instrument, the UF‐5000 (Sysmex Corporation), in the measurement of urine osmolality.MethodsThe precision of urine osmolality measurement by the UF‐5000 was evaluated for 20 days and 4 times a day for 2 concentrations. The linearity and detection capability were evaluated according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. For comparison, 270 random urine specimens from patients were tested simultaneously using the UF5000 and the OsmoPro micro‐osmometer (Advanced instruments).ResultsThe laboratory‐based coefficient variations were less than 5%. Urine osmolality using the UF‐5000 has a verified linear range (y = 1.097x + 16.91,R2 = .997). Within the comparison analysis, the mean difference was not large (−7.72%) but each differences were largely dispersed with 95% limits of agreement (LoA) from −70.5 to 55.06%, and the mean absolute difference −28.3 mOsm/kg with 95% LoA from −295.13 to 238.45 mOsm/kg. Cohen's kappa value was 0.54 (95% CI, 0.45‐0.63).ConclusionsThe UF‐5000 measured conductivity and generated an acceptable quantitative analysis of urine osmolality. When compared with the results of the freezing point depression method used by the OsmoPro, a percentage of the measured urine osmolality by the UF‐5000 was outside the allowable limit.
Health‐related quality of life in Chinese rural‐to‐urban migrants: Investigating the roles of working conditions and job satisfaction
Authors: Liang Dekuo , Xu Dawei 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe existing research aims to explore the relationships between working conditions, job satisfaction and health‐related quality of life (HRQL) of Chinese rural‐to‐urban migrants. Both probability and nonprobability sampling methods were done in four randomly chosen jurisdictions of Nanjing (N = 712). Results reveal that the working environment has the strongest and positive correlation with job satisfaction. In addition, job satisfaction is negatively correlated with the number of working days per week, and affects the physical and psychological health status of Chinese rural‐to‐urban migrants. This study highlights the importance to improve working conditions for migrants and their HRQL and recommends government policies to provide services to Chinese migrants and protect their human rights, as well as promote awareness of their working conditions and HRQL.
Institutional commitment to combating sexual violence: The practices and policies of U.S. universities
Authors: Schulze Corina , Budd Lindsey 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBy presenting institution‐level variables of 118 universities across 50 states and the District of Columbia, we provide a descriptive overview of the types of programs and sexual assault‐related data. Specifically, we examine correlations between policies and practices related to sexual assault prevention and reports of rape. As expected, we found that universities with policies pertaining to affirmative consent, alcohol, and inclusive definitions of assault, combined with practices like mandatory training and transparency with campus climate survey findings, also have higher reports of sexual assault.
Piloting a first‐year resident‐as‐teacher workshop to foster evidence‐based teaching
Authors: Wolcott Michael D. , Kornegay Elizabeth C. , Brame Jennifer L. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPurposeResidents function as important educators of dental students; however, they often have limited training in educational best‐practices. Resident‐as‐teacher programs have been designed and implemented in other health professions to prepare residents to teach in clinic and classroom settings. In this research, we describe the design, implementation, and evaluation of a 2‐day workshop for first‐year advanced dental residents.MethodsThe program engaged residents in techniques to: (1) foster psychological safety, (2) use the cognitive apprenticeship framework, (3) deliver quality feedback, and (4) conduct effective didactic instruction. Nineteen first‐year residents attended 2 four‐hour workshops in July 2019. The impact of the program was evaluated using Kirkpatrick's model, which included participant reactions, learning, and self‐reported behaviors.ResultsMost residents (at least 83.3%) reported the value and quality of the workshop was high or very high. With regard to knowledge, residents had statistically significant higher scores after the workshop on knowledge questions about cognitive apprenticeship (P < 0.01), feedback strategies (P < 0.05), and classroom instruction techniques (P < 0.05). Resident reported self‐efficacy had a statistically significantly increase (P < 0.05) after the workshop in psychological safety, cognitive apprenticeship, and most items related to providing feedback; there were few changes in self‐efficacy on classroom instruction strategies.ConclusionOverall, a workshop to prepare residents as teachers can improve knowledge and self‐efficacy in evidence‐based educational practices.
Adaptation and validation of the Work Experience Questionnaire for investigating engineering students' internship experience
Authors: Luk Lillian Yun Yung , Chan Cecilia Ka Yuk 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundGiven the well‐documented benefits of internship experience to the training of future engineers in the literature, internship courses have become an integral part of the engineering curriculum in many universities around the world. Current evaluation of engineering internship courses in higher education relies mainly on surveys developed independently by the internship coordinator which are seldom validated.PurposeThe purpose of this study was to validate a newly adapted version of the Work Experience Questionnaire (WEQ), which can be used for evaluating engineering students' perception of their internship experience.Design/MethodThe questionnaire was administered to 271 engineering students from one university in Hong Kong. To provide evidence on reliability and validity, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were performed to examine the psychometric properties of the instrument.ResultsExploratory factor analysis resulted in four factors: clear goals, workplace support, university support, and generic competencies. Confirmatory factor analyses demonstrated that the correlated four‐factor model provided an acceptable fit with the data. Cronbach's alpha indicated that the four scales were reliable. The four‐factors are also pragmatic in the engineering context.ConclusionsThis study reviewed and provided reliability and validity evidence of key constructs in the WEQ in a single disciplinary (i.e., engineering) context and also in the Hong Kong context. Use of the questionnaire to evaluate engineering students' internship experience and to investigate the relationship between their perception of the learning environment and their learning outcomes can help to inform the design and implementation of engineering internship program for student learning and quality assurance.
Self‐directed information literacy scale: A comprehensive validation study
Authors: Douglas Kerrie A. , Fernandez Todd , Fosmire Michael , Van Epps Amy S. , Purzer Senay 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundEngineering and technology students need to acquire, evaluate, apply, and document information to solve complex ill‐defined problems. However, there are few assessment tools to evaluate how these students approach information.PurposeThe authors integrated information literacy standards with self‐directed learning theory to create the self‐directed information literacy (SIL) scale as an assessment of students' self‐directedness using high‐quality information skills in engineering projects. The purpose of this research is to examine the measurement properties of SIL to inform the use and interpretation of SIL's scores among diverse learners.MethodThe authors administered SIL to first‐year engineering and technology students (n = 1,603). To test three hypotheses about SIL scores related to validity, reliability, and fairness, we conducted a series of psychometric analyses, including confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and measurement invariance between groups.ResultsThe results of the CFA were acceptable for the proposed higher‐order factor structure of SIL and a separate Beginner Behavior factor. Measurement models for male and female scores were found invariant; however, there were measurement differences between groups of students based on their experience with instruction in the English language.ConclusionsSIL can be scored to assess engineering and technology students' specific SIL subfactors (Recognize, Seek, Evaluate, Apply, Document, and Reflect) or scored as an overall broader measure of self‐directedness with information. A separate factor, Beginner Behavior, can be used to moderate ceiling effects. SIL scores can be used for gender comparisons but should be carefully evaluated when the sample includes students who are new to curriculum and instruction in the English language.
Genetic counseling for advanced paternal age: A survey of genetic counselors' current practice
Authors: Quirin Kayla , Hines Karrie A. , Wetherill Leah 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAdvanced paternal age (APA) has no formal definition, though many publications utilize the cutoff of fathers >40 years of age. The literature demonstrates an association between APA and certain conditions including de novo autosomal dominant disorders, birth defects, and neuropsychiatric conditions. This study surveyed 165 genetic counselors within the National Society of Genetic Counselors to assess their current approach to APA. t Tests, analysis of variance, logistic regression, and chi‐squared tests were performed on quantitative data, and content analysis was applied to qualitative data. Although most respondents have discussed APA with a patient (88%), there was no consensus on what age cutoff constitutes APA: >40 (N = 53, 37.9%), >45 (N = 61, 43.6%), >50 (N = 24, 17.1%), or >55 (N = 2, 1.4%). Those who discussed APA were more likely to be prenatal counselors, see more patients per week, be board certified, or be familiar with current APA guidelines. Respondents agreed the literature supports the association of APA with deleterious outcomes (mean agreement = 8.2, median = 8 on a 1 = strongly disagree to 10 = strongly agree). Individuals who discussed APA and were board certified had higher agreement. Content analysis confirmed agreement that the literature supports an association between APA and deleterious outcomes (documented in responses from 31.5% of prenatal respondents, 17.8% others) but noted that available testing and screening options for associated conditions are limited (34.4% of prenatal respondents, 17.4% others). Prenatal and non‐prenatal respondents reported similar agreement with the statement that APA is associated with deleterious outcomes. However, most non‐prenatal respondents were unfamiliar with current guidelines (80%), and presumably as a result, were also less likely to discuss APA with their patients. Our study identified a need to disseminate information regarding APA and current guidelines to genetic counselors, particularly non‐prenatal and those with less experience.
On the mean subtree order of graphs under edge addition
Authors: Cameron Ben , Mol Lucas 
Published: September 2020

AbstractFor a graph , the mean subtree order of is the average order of a subtree of . In this note, we provide counterexamples to a recent conjecture of Chin, Gordon, MacPhee, and Vincent, that for every connected graph and every pair of distinct vertices and of , the addition of the edge between and increases the mean subtree order. In fact, we show that the addition of a single edge between a pair of nonadjacent vertices in a graph of order can decrease the mean subtree order by as much as asymptotically. We propose the weaker conjecture that for every connected graph which is not complete, there exists a pair of nonadjacent vertices and , such that the addition of the edge between and increases the mean subtree order. We prove this conjecture in the special case that is a tree.
What is a precise anatomic resection of the liver? Proposal of a new evaluation method in the era of fluorescence navigation surgery
Authors: Nishino Hiroto , Seo Satoru , Hatano Etsuro , Nitta Takashi , Morino Koshiro , Toda Rei , Fukumitsu Ken , Ishii Takamichi , Taura Kojiro , Uemoto Shinji 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackground/PurposeIndocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence navigation has been adapted for anatomic liver resection (AR) but an objective method for evaluation of its validity is required. This pilot study aimed to propose a new method to evaluate the accuracy of parenchymal division along the plane between hepatic segments and estimate the real‐time navigation efficacy for AR by the Medical Imaging Projection System (MIPS), which continuously demonstrates the transection plane using projection mapping with ICG fluorescence.MethodsTen patients who underwent open AR using liver segmentation with ICG fluorescence technique between August 2016 and July 2019 were included: six patients under MIPS guidance (MIPS group), while four using only conventional ICG fluorescence technique before parenchymal resection (non‐MIPS group). Densitometry of the captured fluorescence image was performed to evaluate the fluorescence area ratio of each transection plane. The accurate fluorescence area ratio was calculated by subtracting the fluorescence area rate on the resected side from that on the remnant side.ResultsThe accurate fluorescence area ratio of the MIPS group and the non‐MIPS group was 23.0 ± 12.6% and 5.6 ± 9.5%, respectively (P = .038).ConclusionsBased on the results of our new method, real‐time navigation using the MIPS may facilitate performing AR along the plane between hepatic segments.
One‐pot three‐component 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition of azomethineylides to nitrofuran containing acetylenic ketones and molecular docking studies of the cycloadducts
Authors: Kadambar Anish Kumar , Kalluraya Balakrishna , Kumar S. Madan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractOne‐pot three‐component 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition reaction of azomethineylides generated from various combinations of isatin and ninhydrin with α‐aminoacids to 5‐nitrofurancontaining acetylenic ketones was carried out under thermal and microwave methods. The study of the regiochemical trend during the cycloaddition suggested that the nitrofuran ring exert no effect on the regiochemistry of the reaction as observed in the case of nitrofuran containing chalcones. The reason for the nil influence of the nitrofuran group is attributed to the increased electron density due to the triple bond. The newly synthesized compounds were docked to the active site of human anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) to know the cancer cell toxicity in silico. The compounds 4b and 5a showed good binding interactions with the target in the active site.
Baicalin protects mice from infection with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus via alleviating inflammatory response
Authors: Shi Ting , Li Tiantian , Jiang Xinru , Jiang Xin , Zhang Qingwen , Wang Yuli , Zhang Yaxing , Wang Lixin , Qin Xiangyang , Zhang Weidong , Zheng Yuejuan 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Sepsis was redefined as life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection in 2016. One of its most common causes is Staphylococcus aureus, especially methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), which leads to a significant increase in morbidity and mortality. Therefore, innovative and effective approaches to combat MRSA infection are urgently needed. Recently, host-directed therapy (HDT) has become a new strategy in the treatment of infectious diseases, especially those caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Baicalin (BAI) is the predominant flavonoid and bioactive compound isolated from the roots of Radix Scutellariae (Huang Qin), a kind of traditional Chinese medicine. It has been reported that BAI exhibits multiple biological properties such as anti-oxidant, antitumor, and anti-inflammatory activities. However, the therapeutic role of BAI in MRSA infection is still unknown. In this study, it is found that BAI treatment inhibited the production of IL-6, TNF-α, and other cytokines from MRSA- or bacterial mimics-stimulated Mϕs and dendritic cells (DCs). BAI played an anti-inflammatory role by inhibiting the activation of ERK, JNK MAPK, and NF-κB pathways. Moreover, the serum level of TNF-α was decreased, whereas IL-10 was increased, in mice injected with MRSA. Furthermore, the bacterial load in livers and kidneys were further decreased by the combination of BAI and vancomycin (VAN), which might account for the amelioration of tissue damage. BAI reduced the high mortality rate caused by MRSA infection. Collectively, the results suggested that BAI may be a viable candidate of HDT strategy against severe sepsis caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria such as MRSA.
Intra‐puparial development in the hoverflies Eristalinus aeneus and Eristalis tenax (Diptera: Syrphidae)
Authors: Campoy Andrés , Pérez‐Bañón Celeste , Rojo Santos 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe intra‐puparial development of 150 pupae of Eristalinus aeneus (Scopoli, 1763) and Eristalis tenax (Linnaeus, 1758) was analyzed. Individuals were obtained from the sixth laboratory generation kept under artificial rearing conditions at the facilities of the University of Alicante (Spain). The experiment was conducted at 25 ± 1°C temperature, 50 ± 5% relative humidity, and 12:12 hr (L:D) of photoperiod. Groups of 10 pupae were collected every 6 hr over 48 hr, after that period, pupae were collected daily until the adult emergence. They were fixed in 5% formic acid and preserved in 70% ethanol. Fixed pupae were dissected and photographed. The chronology and morphological changes that take place during the intra‐puparial development in both species were analyzed and compared. Five phases were observed: prepupa, before 6 hr; cryptocephalic pupa, between 6 and 24 hr; phanerocephalic pupa, between 24 and 30 hr; pharate adult, after 30 hr; and the adult imago, restricted to the very end of the development process just before adult emergence. In total, the intra‐puparial development lasted 189 ± 4 hr in E. aeneus and 192 ± 3 hr in E. tenax, with the pharate adult the longest phase (some 81% of the total developmental time). These data can be used to develop accurate cold storage protocols during artificial rearing of both pollinator species, avoiding critical events during the development and increasing survival.
Characterization of the human intervertebral disc cartilage endplate at the molecular, cell, and tissue levels
Authors: Lakstins Katherine , Arnold Lauren , Gunsch Gilian , Flanigan David , Khan Safdar , Gadde Nikhit , Jones Blain , Agarwal Gunjan , Purmessur Devina 
Published: September 2020

AbstractGiven the importance of the cartilage endplate (CEP) in low back pain (LBP), there is a need to characterize the human CEP at the molecular, cell, and tissue levels to inform treatment strategies that target it. The goal of this study was to characterize the structure, matrix composition, and cell phenotype of the human CEP compared with adjacent tissues within the intervertebral joint: the nucleus pulposus (NP), annulus fibrosus (AF), and articular cartilage (AC). Isolated CEP, NP, AF, and AC tissues and cells were evaluated for cell morphology, matrix composition, collagen structure, glycosaminoglycan content, and gene and protein expression. The CEP contained elongated cells that mainly produce a collagen‐rich interterritorial matrix and a proteoglycan‐rich territorial matrix. The CEP contained significantly fewer glycosaminoglycans than the NP tissue. Significant differences in matrix and cell marker gene expression were observed between CEP and NP or AF, with the greatest differences between CEP and AC. We were able to distinguish NP from CEP cells using collagen‐10 (COLX), highlighting COLX as a potential CEP marker. Our findings suggest that at the cell and tissue levels, the CEP demonstrates both similarities and differences when compared with NP, AF, and hyaline AC. This study highlights a unique structure, matrix composition, and cell phenotype for the human CEP and can help to inform regenerative strategies that target the intervertebral disc joint in chronic LBP.
Trichostatin A regulates fibro/adipogenic progenitor adipogenesis epigenetically and reduces rotator cuff muscle fatty infiltration
Authors: Liu Xuhui , Liu Mengyao , Lee Lawrence , Davies Michael , Wang Zili , Kim Hubert , Feeley Brian T. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractRotator cuff (RC) muscle fatty infiltration (FI) is an important factor that determines the clinical outcome of patients with RC repair. There is no effective treatment for RC muscle FI at this time. The goal of this study is to define the role Trichostatin A (TSA), a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor in regulating muscle fibro/adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) adipogenesis and treating muscle fatty degeneration after massive RC tears in a mouse model. We hypothesize that TSA reduces muscle FI after massive RC tears. HDAC activity was measured in FAPs in RC muscle after tendon/nerve transection or sham surgery. FAPs were treated with TSA for 2 weeks and FAP adipogenesis was evaluated with perilipin and Oil Red O staining, as well as reverse transcript‐polymerase chain reaction for adipogenesis‐related genes. About 0.5 mg/kg TSA or dimethyl sulfoxide was administered to C57B/L6 mice with massive rotator cuff tears through daily intraperitoneal injection for 6 weeks. Supraspinatus muscles were harvested for biochemical and histology analysis. We found that FAPs showed significantly higher HDAC activity after RC tendon/nerve transection. TSA treatment significantly reduced HDAC activity and inhibited adipogenesis of FAPs. TSA also abolished the role of bone morphogenetic protein‐7 in inducing FAP adipogenesis and promoted FAP brown/beige adipose tissue (BAT) differentiation. TSA injection significantly increased histone H3 acetylation and reduced FI of rotator cuff muscles after massive tendon tears. Results from this study showed that TSA can regulate FAP adipogenesis and promote FAP BAT differentiation epigenetically. HDAC inhibition may be a new treatment strategy to reduce muscle FI after RC tears and repair.