bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Isolation and identification of bioactive proteins from the brown algae Sargassum, Sp. and their potential as anticancer agents
Authors: Karim H , Ahmad A , Natzir R , Massi M N , Arfah R , Asmi N , Karim A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
A study was conducted on the bioactivity as anticancer agents of protein fractions isolated from the brown algae Sargassum, sp. collected from Laikang Island, Takalar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The proteins were isolated using buffer Tris-HCl pH 8.3 containing 0.2 M NaCl; 0.01 M CaCl2 1% β-mercaptoethanol; and 0.5% Triton X-100. Fractionation of bioactive proteins from crude extract used the salting out method with the addition of a (NH4)2SO4 salt powder at percent saturation rates of 0-20%, 20-40%, 40-60%, and 60-80%. Pre-purification of the proteins through dialysis was carried out in cellophane bags. Protein concentration was determined by the Lowry method using BSA (Bovine Serum Albumin) as a standard solution. The anticancer activity test used the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) preliminary test method, with further confirmation from antimitotic testing using urchin zygote cells. The protein concentration of the crude extract of brown alga Sargassum, sp. was 2.89 mg/mL.The 60-80% saturation fraction (F4) had the highest protein concentration (2.545 mg/mL). The 0-20% saturation protein fraction (F1) showed the highest activity in the anticancer tests, with an LC50 value of 55.62 µg/mL and IC50 value of 53.80 µg/mL. The 0-20% saturation protein fraction (F1) showed potential for development as an alternative anticancer agents in the future.
Isolation, characterization and anticancer potential test of crude extract of L-asparaginase enzyme from siam weed leaf (Chromolaena odorata Linn): a novel source
Authors: Yusriadi  , Ahmad A , Khaerah N , Arfah R , Karim A , Karim H 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
L-asparaginase enzyme is potentially isolated from Siam weed (C. odorata L.) and also used as anticancer treatment. The point of this study is to isolate crude extract of L-asparaginase as well as its characteristics for anticancer. The activity of the enzyme was observed by Nessler Method and its potential for anticancer was tested by Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method. The results showed the specific activity by 4.8234 UI/mg. The enzyme worked maximally at pH of 8, 37 °C for 30 minutes with Na+ and K+ being activator and Ca2+, Zn+2, Mg+2, Cu+2, Co+2, Mn+2 as inhibitor. Base on BSLT revealed an LC50 value of 5.8063 μg/mL and proved that the enzyme has biotoxicity in high level. The results of this study denoted that C. odorata L. leaves able to be isolated and characterized by L-asparaginase enzyme and these reveals the potential to be developed as an anticancer in the future.
Purification and characterization of α-glucosidase enzyme from rice groats
Authors: Papriani N P , Ahmad A , Pamenta A F A , Natsir H , Karim A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Groat rice is the side product of rice milling process and potentially producing α-glucosidase. The enzyme has an important role in starch degradation process by breaking α-glycosidic bods to form glucose. This research aimed to understand the optimum activity of the purified α-glucosidase. The research stages are isolation, purification, characterization of substrate concentration, pH level, incubation time, temperature, and effect of metal ion, and dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) method to determine the activity of α-glucosidase. The result showed the specific activity of α-glucosidase crude extract at 0.003 IU/mg. Fractionation of the highest specific activity on fraction 4 revealed at 0.042 IU/mg and constantly increasing on the dialysis stage at 1.121 IU/mg. α-glucosidase reached optimum activity at substrate concentration 2%, pH of 7, incubation time of 40 minutes, at 37°C, with metal ion Mn2+, Co2+, Na+, Mg2+, Ca2+ and K+ as activators and Zn2+ as inhibitor. α-glucosidase could be used to find analog compounds as the cure of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Purification, characterization and anticancer potential tests of L-asparaginase enzyme from the leaves siam weed (Chromolaena odorata Linn)
Authors: Khaerah N , Ahmad A , Yusriadi  , Arfah R A , Karim A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Siam weed (Chromolaena odorata L.) is a plant that interferes with the other plants and it is used as a convertional medicine that has the potential as an anticancer agent. This study aims to determine the optimum activity of the L-asparaginase enzyme purification and its anticancer potential test. The stages of this research include isolation, purification, characterization (pH, temperature, incubation time and metal ion addition) and anticancer potential test by the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method. The study result showed that the highest specific activity of fractionation was fraction 2 (20-40%) of 19.94 IU/mg. The L-asparaginase enzyme has an optimum activity including pH of 8, the temperature of 370C, and an incubation time of 30 minutes with metal ions of K+ and Na+ as activators and with metals of Ca2+, Zn2+, Mg2+, Cu2+, Co2+ and Mn2+ as inhibitors. The result of the toxicity test was an LC50 value of 158.48 μg/mL which was a very toxic level. The purification of the L-asparaginase enzyme from the C. ordorata L. leaves has the potential to be developed as an anticancer agent in the future.
(R)-N-trans- feruloyloctopamine from the root timber of Melochia umbellata (Houtt.) Stapf var. Visenia (Paliasa)
Authors: Nusan S , Soekamto N H , Maolana Syah Y , Firdaus  , Hermawati E 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
A phenolic amide namely (R)-N-trans-feruloyloctopamine has been isolated from chloroform fraction of the root timber Melochia umbellata (Houtt) Stapf var. Visenia (Paliasa). Isolation compound has been done by maceration, fractionation, and purification. The molecular structure was determined by IR spectroscopy, NMR 1D and 2D (1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, HSQC and HMBC). Isolate formed yellow paste (83.4 mg) with melting point of 156 – 158 °C. The λ
maks data on the UV-Vis spectrum of 333.80 nm (3.795) indicate compound has a long conjugated double bond. Data IR vmax cm−1 for groups as follows : 3327 (-OH), 2933 (C-H aliphatic), 1653 (C=O amide), 1593 (olefin). The data of NMR 1,2D show that this compound contains 18 carbon atoms, consisting of: 1 methyl, 1 methylene, 11 metin and 5 carbon quartener. Metin carbon consists of 2 alkene protons (olefins), 7 aromatic protons, and 1 alkyl alcohol (δC 72.58 ppm). NMR data also shows that one quartener carbon as C = O amide group (δC 166.92 ppm) and one methoxy (δC 55.35 ppm). The (R)-N-trans-feruloyloctopamine is the first compound found in the genus Melochia.
Phytochemical and Antioxidant Analysis of Methanol Extract of Moringa and Celery Leaves
Authors: Natsir H , Wahab AW , Budi P , Arif AR , Arfah RA , Djakad SR , Fajriani N 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Moringa (Moringa oleifera) and Celery (Apium graveolens L) are vegetables and medicinal plants that have excellent benefits for health. The content of secondary metabolites that are very diverse in these two plants has the potential to be developed in other fields. This study aimed to determine the content of secondary metabolites and antioxidant activity of ethanol extract of moringa and celery leaves. The phytochemical analysis using the qualitative parameters of flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, phenols, and steroids, and antioxidant activity was determined by the DPPH method. The results showed that moringa leaves contained considerable flavanoid, saponin, tannin, and alkaloid compounds while celery leaves contained fewer flavonoid, saponins, tannins, and alkaloids. Results of the antioxidant activity assay showed that moringa leaf extract had the highest activity with an IC50 value of 248.85 μg/mL while the formulation of moringa-celery (1: 1) had the lowest activity with an IC50 value of 1451.86 μg/mL. These results showed that the antioxidant activity of moringa leaf extract had better antioxidant activity than the moringa-celery extract formulation.
Production of Bioethanol from Seaweed, Gracilaria verrucosa and Eucheuma cottonii, by Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation Methods
Authors: Wadi A , Ahmad A , Tompo M , Hasyim H , Tuwo A , Nakajima M , Karim H 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Demand for bioethanol in Indonesia will increase with the increase of energy need. Seaweeds, Gracilaria verrucosa and Eucheuma cottonii containing high cellulose content are considered very suitable to be developed in Indonesia and can be used as a raw material for low cost bioethanol production. The seaweeds were obtained from Mandalle, Pangkep Regency, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The method used in this research was a simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) process. The results showed that 1. G. verrucosa and E. cottonii seaweeds could be converted into bioethanol having ethanol levels of 5.7% and 6.1%, respectively after 10 days of fermentation. 2. The optimum condition of fermentation process of G. verrucosa and E. cottonii using Clostridium acetobutylicum bacterium to produce ethanol was 10 days fermentation at pH 6.0 with the ethanol level of 7.7% and 7.2%, respectively. 3. The conversion value when G. verucosa cellulose was used as the raw material was 3.33% (33.3 g of bioethanol was produced from every kg of cellulose) with the obtained ethanol having the purity of 96.4%.
Synthesis and anti-tuberculosis of Zn(II)Phenylalanine dithiocarbamate
Authors: Kartina D , Wahab A W , Ahmad A , Raya I , Yamin B M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by the infection with the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb), and according to the World Health Organization, was responsible for 1.6 million deaths and the emergence of 9.6 million new cases in 2017. A serious problem worldwide in the fight against TB is the rapid spread of the multidrug-resistant (MDR) TB due to inconsistent for protracted periods of treatment and the lack of new drugs in the market. New and effective drugs are needed for the treatment of tuberculosis by studying the synthesis of complex compounds that can be developed as anti-tuberculosis agents. A new complexes of dithiocarbamate, Zn(II) phenylalanine dithiocarbamate ligand were synthesized using an ‘in situ’ method by reaction complexes in a 1:2 molar ratio in refluxing ethanol. The complexes were characterized by using Ultra Violet Visible (UV-Vis), Fourier Transform Infra Red (FT-IR), HNMR, XRD, conductivity, and melting point. Complex Zn(II) each of them is 260 nm and 431 nm electronic transition is π → π* of CS2 and N-C-S. Infra-Red absorption spectra at wave number Zn(II) phenylalanine dithiocarbamate is 372nm-1 coordination occurred dithiocarbamate ligands and atoms M=S. Complex characterization using UV-Vis, IR, and HNMR showed that complexes are successfully synthesis. The bio-assay results show these complexes are potential as anti-tuberculosis agents.
Isolation and characterization of Soil Termites (Macrotermes gilvus) cellulolytic bacteria and activity determination of cellulase enzyme on newsprint substrates
Authors: Arfah R A , Natsir H , Atifah N , Zarkoni T R , Mahmud M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The study aims to explore and identify cellulolytic bacteria of termites that have the potential to cellulose hydrolysis on newsprint into glucose. The cellulolytic bacteria are characterized by the formation of clear zones in the medium agar containing newsprint paper after 0.1% Congo red testing. The isolates that produce large clear zones are identified by the type of bacteria. Identification of bacteria morphologically in colonies, gram staining and biochemical tests. The activity of cellulose enzyme based on concentration of reducing sugar (glucose) produced from the cellulose hydrolysis on newsprint was tested by 3.5-dinitrosylicyl reagent using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The results showed that 6 cellulolytic bacterial isolates through the Congo red test, 2 isolates that have a large diameter of the clear zone are: Isolates C1 and D1 4.27 cm and 2.05 cm, respectively. Cellulase enzyme crudes of isolates C1 and D1 have an enzyme activity of 15.7 mU/mL and 2.33 mU/mL, protein concentration of 0.35 mg/mL and 1.18 mg/mL with specific activity of 45.17 mU/mg protein and 1.98 mU/mg protein. Based on the observation of the colony’s morphology in macroscopy, microscopy and biochemical test results, an isolate of C1 is the Provedencia sp and D1 isolate is the Bacillus sp.
Modification of Microencapsulate Protein Crude Extract Formula from Chlorella vulgaris and Spirulina platensis for Baby Biscuit
Authors: Mayasari E , Raya I , Dwyana Z , Anshar A M , Arif A R 
Published: November 2019

AbstractModification of microencapsulate protein crude extract fromChlorella vulgarisandSpirulina platensiswere conducted to get the best formula for baby biscuit application to offer a solution to malnutrition. Analysis method were carried out by the ultrasonic extraction for short and cheap lyses of phytoplankton biomasses; proximate test to determine protein concentration from phytoplankton crude extract and Spectroscopy Electron Micrograph (SEM) to show shape of microencapsulated. The result showed for the best microencapsulated composition were Formula 3 forChlorella vulgarisand Formula 4Spirulina platensis, while ratio maltodextrin and crude extract protein were 1.75:1 and 2:1 respectively. High protein concentration crude extract forChlorella vulgarisaddition was 47.45% DW, thereforeSpirulina platensisaddition was 78.025 % DW. Baby biscuitS.platensisaddition was very potential application which average weight of mice in six week was 36.56 gram thanC.vulgarisand control biscuit. Overall data showed that crude extract protein ofS.platensismicroencapsulate was the best material as ingredients in baby biscuit.
Adsorption of Pb (II) ions by activated and modified candlenut shell based carbon
Authors: Zakir M , Taba P , Edar M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
A research on the adsorption of Pb2+ ions by candlenut shell carbon that was activated with 10% ZnCl2 and then modified with HNO3 has been done. The candlenut shell was carbonized at 400°C before activation and surface modification. Characterization of the carbon was carried out by surface area test using methylene blue method, identification of functional groups using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and adsorption experiment at optimum condition. The concentration of Pb (II) ions was determined by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). Surface area of carbon, activated carbon and modified activated carbon are 503.57 m2/g, 516.63 m2/g and 524.86 m2/g, respectively. Boehm titration and FTIR analysis results showed that functional groups such as -OH (in carboxylic acid and phenol) and C=O (in lactone) increased after modification with HNO3. Based on analysis using AAS, the optimum adsorption time was 30 minutes and the optimum pH was 4. The adsorption capacity of Pb2+ ions by modified activated carbon was higher than un-modified activated carbon.
Increasing accuracy of classification physical activity based on smartphone using ensemble logistic regression with boosting method
Authors: Lawi A , Aziz F , Wungo S L 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
At present, the smartphone is equipped with several sensors such as Accelerometer, Gravity sensor, and Gyroscope which can be used to recognize human physical activities such as walking upstair and walking downstairs etc. Machine learning is needed to group data and get information. Statistical methods have poor performance in classifying because procedures must be met. To overcome this, an ensemble technique was used. This study proposes the application of the gradientboost ensemble method to classify walking upstair and walking downstairs. The Android-based.apk system is designed for data retrieval using a smartphone. Then, the dataset will be partitioned into 70% training data and 30% test data. The results show that the performance of the ensemble boosting method produces 81.82% accuracy, 86.11% sensitivity and 77.50% specificity.
Face recognition system using Viola Jones, histograms of oriented gradients and multi-class support vector machine
Authors: Arafah M , Achmad A , Indrabayu  , Areni I S 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This study aims to determine the best distance to install a CCTV camera in identifying a person’s face in the passenger inspection area at the airport, which can be developed for suspect detection systems. The training data used is in the form of an image with five different angles per person, while the testing data is in the form of video. The initial stage conducted is face detection based on local features (a pair of eyes, nose, and mouth) in the input data using the Viola-Jones method. The face detection results process with pre-processing, feature extraction, and classification. In the pre-processing stage, the Brightness Enhancement (BE), Grayscale and Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLAHE) methods are used to improve the quality of the detected face. Furthermore, the feature extraction and classification stages use the Histogram of Oriented Gradient (HOG) and the Multi-class Support Vector Machine (MSVM) methods, respectively. The result shows that the best accuracy obtained is 86.76% for a CCTV camera distance of 300 cm and a height of 250 cm.
An intelligent agent of finite state machine in educational game “Flora the Explorer”
Authors: Pukeng A F , Fauzi R R , Lilyana  , Andrea R , Yulsilviana E , Mallala S 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Game simulation-based education is designed to simulate the existing problems in order to obtain knowledge that can be used to solve the problem. Simulation games with educational purposes can be used as a medium of education that has the learning patterns of learning by doing. Based on the pattern which is owned by the game, players are required to learn in order to solve existing problems. In making the educational game “Flora the Explorer Introduction to Plant with Android-Based Finite State Machine”. Applications used in making the game is Swish max4 and the shuffle algorithm random expected this game does not become monotonous, and players cannot remember the position of the bubble in the game, then the game agent using the Finite State Machine (FSM), the game agent will give notice to when the players answer wrong or right in the game
On the Okamoto-Uchiyama cryptosystem: (A brief essay on basic mathematics applied in cryptography)
Authors: Haryanto Loeky , Lawi Armin , Suhastina Suhastina , Qarynah Putri 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The Okamoto-Uchiyama cryptosystem applies many consepts of basic abstract algebra, discrete mathematics and number theory. Many of these concepts are elementary and used in other branches of cryptography. However, those elementary concepts are not enough provided in the mathematics curriculla in under developed and developing countries despite the fact that in early stages teaching of those basic mathematics concepts, there is no need to provide sophiticated nor rigorous treatments beyond computations of integers.
By exploring the basic mathematics applied in Okamoto-Uchiyama’s algorithm and its re-lated concepts, this exploration should make mathematics teachers, educators and instructors to be aware of the important teaching the basic abstract algebra, discrete mathematics and number theory as early as high school senior level or at the first year in colleges and universities.
The 5R adaptation framework for cultural heritage management information system of the Dayak tribe Borneo
Authors: Budiman E , Wati M , Norhidayat  
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The Dayak tribe Borneo is divided into 405 sub-tribes which are formed based on clumps, habitats and their origins, despite being Dayak ethnic groups, but each has a wealth of cultural heritage and local wisdom that is diverse and different according to the nature they live in. This paper proposes a framework for cultural heritage management information system of The Dayak Tribe Borneo. The development method approach refers to the 5R Adaptation Framework concept; Right Time (timing), Right Location (location), Right Device (device), Right Learner (user), and The Right Contents (cultural information). The development results have provided a framework called “e-Dayaknese”, a framework that integrates information content: location, time, devices, users, and content (cultural heritage information of the Borneo Dayak tribe referring to the UNESCO cultural heritage domain).
Augmented reality for interactive promotion media at Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Mulawarman University
Authors: Firdaus M B , Widians J A , Padant J Y 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Showing the design and layout of the building using a model, making this model requires time and accuracy because the model is built on a scale that has been adjusted to the building to be made later, a problem that often occurs in modeling is the suitability of the scale and detail of the model. Augmented Reality as a variation of the virtual environment. Users of AR technology can see the real world, with virtual objects added to the real world. So, users see virtual objects and real objects in the same place. Submission of information by utilizing the three-dimensional visualization technique is very interesting because it can display the 3D model of an object before it is built in real terms. The Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Mulawarman University Samarinda has an exterior building design of a new building, but there are no interactive media that can display the exterior of the building as a whole and in detail. This application is able to be used to apply the 3D model of the building as a whole and can be seen from various viewpoints.
Performance evaluation of naive Bayes and support vector machine in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus gene expression microarray data
Authors: Ramdaniah  , Lawi A , Syarif S 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder that the number of diabetics increases every year. So that prevention is needed by knowing the trigger of T2DM. Gene expression microarray data contains information of gene that can be used to determine the causes of T2DM. It is necessary to use certain techniques to analyze gene expression microarray data because it has a large amount of data and attributes. This study aims to evaluate the performance of algorithms in classifying gene expression microarray data. Algorithms that were used in this study were Naive Bayes, and Support Vector Machine (SVM). SVM used many kernels function such as Linear, Radial Basis Function (RBF), Polynomial, and Sigmoid. Information gain was used to select the features in GSE18732 dataset by choosing top 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 features. Performance of algorithms was evaluated and compared by using 30% testing set and 20% testing set. The results of the study indicated that SVM using Polynomial kernel had a high performance if it was compared to other algorithms. It achieved 98.15% accuracy using 30% testing set and achieved 100% accuracy using 20% testing set.