bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mapping spatiotemporal decisions for sustainable productivity of bamboo forest land
Authors: Li Xuejian , Du Huaqiang , Mao Fangjie , Zhou Guomo , Xing Luqi , Liu Tengyan , Han Ning , Liu Enbing , Ge Hongli , Liu Yuli , Li Yangguang , Zhu Di'en , Zheng Junlong , Dong Luofan , Zhang Meng 
Published: January 2020

AbstractProperly mapping the sustainability of bamboo forest production plays an important role in providing basic strategies for decision makers to ensure sustainable use of bamboo resources. Understanding the response pattern of drought, poor management, elevation, and barren soil to bamboo forest ecosystem productivity is critical to formulating appropriate improvement strategies of sustainable management of bamboo forest productivity for addressing growing challenges of bamboo forest land degradation. The objectives of this study were to quantify differences in productivity, meteorological, topographical, soil, and bamboo distribution and structure factors under different sustainable management levels of bamboo forest ecosystem productivity in order to support management decision making in a spatiotemporally explicit context. We constructed an innovative three‐layer index system for the sustainable management of bamboo forest productivity by integrating productivity, meteorological, soil, topographic, bamboo distribution, and structure factors to promote sustainable management and spatiotemporal decision making, particularly in bamboo forest areas with low productivity. The partial least squares (PLS) path model was used to analyze the spatiotemporal effects of different factors on bamboo forest productivity and to create sustainable management maps that could be used for spatially informed decision making regarding bamboo forest production. The results showed the spatial and temporal variations in gross primary productivity (GPP), net primary productivity (NPP), and net ecosystem exchange (NEE) in bamboo forests. The sustainable management index was also mapped each year throughout the study area. We divided the index value range into five management‐friendly classes, which were shown to be directly related to GPP, NPP, NEE, Slope, Aspect, soil texture, hydrolytic nitrogen, and Abundance. We found that the areas with relatively high sustainable management levels (I and II) occupied only 18.94% of the bamboo forest area and exhibited a highly clustered distribution. Most of the other areas (78.67%) had relatively low levels of sustainable management (III and IV), and their distribution was rather scattered. The remaining 2.39% of the bamboo forest area that had the lowest sustainable management level (V) was small in area, fragmented, and not conducive to intensive management. The results of the present study can serve as a useful reference for bamboo forest management, which is of great importance for bamboo‐based ecosystems and economies.
Dynamics of inorganic carbon and pH in a large subtropical continental shelf system: Interaction between eutrophication, hypoxia, and ocean acidification
Authors: Zhao Yangyang , Liu Jing , Uthaipan Khanittha , Song Xue , Xu Yi , He Biyan , Liu Hongbin , Gan Jianping , Dai Minhan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe examined the dynamics of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and pH in the Pearl River Estuary (PRE) and the adjacent northern South China Sea (NSCS) shelf in summer, aiming for a better understanding of the interaction between eutrophication, hypoxia, and ocean acidification. Using a semi‐analytical diagnostic approach based on validated multiple end‐member water mass mixing models, we showed a −191 ± 54 μmol kg−1 deficit in DIC concentrations in an extensive surface plume bulge, corresponding to a significant pH increase of ∼ 0.57 ± 0.19 units relative to conservative mixing. In contrast, DIC additions in the bottom hypoxic zone reached ∼ 139 ± 21 μmol kg−1, accompanied by a decrease in pH of −0.30 ± 0.04 units. In combination with stable carbon isotopic compositions, we found biological production and CO2 outgassing to be responsible for DIC deficits in surface waters, while degradation of organic matter (OM) accounted for DIC additions in bottom waters. The PRE‐NSCS plume system as a whole served as a net source of atmospheric CO2 from the perspective of Lagrangian observations, because strong CO2 outgassing in the inner estuary overwhelmed the CO2 uptake in the plume despite strong phytoplankton blooms. Using a two‐layer box model, we further estimated that at least ∼ 45 ± 13% of eutrophication‐driven OM production in the surface plume accounted for 67 ± 18% of the DIC addition and oxygen consumption in bottom waters. Eutrophication also buffered ocean acidification in surface waters while hypoxia enhanced it in bottom waters, but their effects on acid‐base buffering capacity were secondary to the amplification of coastal ocean acidification caused by freshwater inputs.
Increasing field strength versus advanced isotope labeling for NMR‐based fluxomics
Authors: Dinclaux Mickael , Cahoreau Edern , Millard Pierre , Létisse Fabien , Lippens Guy 
Published: January 2020

AbstractNuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)‐based fluxomics seeks to measure the incorporation of isotope labels in selected metabolites to follow kinetically the synthesis of the latter. It can however equally be used to understand the biosynthetic origin of the same metabolites. We investigate here different NMR approaches to optimize such experiments in terms of resolution and time requirement. Using the isoleucine biosynthesis as an example, we explore the use of different field strengths ranging from 500 MHz to 1.1 GHz. Because of the different field dependence of chemical shift and heteronuclear J couplings, the spectra change at different field strengths. We equally explore the approach to silence the leucine/valine methyl signals through the use of a suitable deuterated precursor, thereby allowing selective observation of the Ile 13C labeling pattern. Combining both approaches, we arrive at an efficient procedure for the NMR‐based exploration of Ile biosynthesis.
See the light: Optimization of put‐to‐light order picking systems
Authors: Boysen Nils , Füßler David , Stephan Konrad 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPut‐to‐light order picking systems invert the basic logic of conventional picker‐to‐parts systems. Instead of successively visiting the storage positions of the stock keeping units (SKUs) when collecting picking orders, an order picker accompanies successive bins each containing multiple items of a specific SKU along a lane of subsequent orders. Whenever the picker passes an order requiring the current SKU, which is indicated by a light signal, she puts the requested number of items into the bin associated with the order. Such an order picking system is well‐suited if the assortment is not overly large and all orders demand similar SKUs, so that it is mainly applied in distribution centers of brick‐and‐mortar retail chains. This paper evaluates four different setups of put‐to‐light systems, which, during operations, require the solution of different storage assignment and SKU sequencing problems. We formulate these problems, prove computational complexity, and suggest suited solution algorithms. By applying these algorithms in a comprehensive computational study, we benchmark the impact of the four different setups on picking performance. In this way, warehouse managers receive decision support on how to set up their put‐to‐light systems.
Megachurch involvement at the local level: Examining conditions for church action in economic development
Authors: English Ashley E. , Dicke Lisa A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe roles of small congregations and their social impacts are well known, but few theoretical studies investigate megachurch congregations. These mammoth organizations have the potential for advancing social good, but minimal research specifically focuses on the activities of these congregations in economic development (ED). This study addresses this dearth of information by answering the following research questions: (a) In what ways are megachurches involved in ED activities? (b) Who benefits from these programs and how are the programs offered? and (c) What factors influence megachurches to offer ED activities? We frame our investigation using both demand‐ and supply‐side arguments from Frumkin's (2002) model of nonprofit and voluntary action. Online survey data and follow‐up interviews with 42 megachurch leaders in the Dallas/Fort Worth and greater Houston areas show that megachurches are implementing ED activities in alignment with demand‐side explanations, especially when advancing opportunities for the unemployed and underemployed. However, supply‐side arguments provide more explanatory power, indicating that volunteer engagement with ED activities plays a significant role in the provision of ED services through megachurches. Our study offers a better understanding of why megachurches carry out ED activities with considerable attention devoted to how megachurches partner with other congregations, nonprofits, and government entities to encourage economic growth and improve the economic well‐being of community members.
Numerical analysis of a parabolic variational inequality system modeling biofilm growth at the porescale
Authors: Alhammali Azhar , Peszynska Malgorzata 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn this article, we consider a system of two coupled nonlinear diffusion–reaction partial differential equations (PDEs) which model the growth of biofilm and consumption of the nutrient. At the scale of interest the biofilm density is subject to a pointwise constraint, thus the biofilm PDE is framed as a parabolic variational inequality. We derive rigorous error estimates for a finite element approximation to the coupled nonlinear system and confirm experimentally that the numerical approximation converges at the predicted rate. We also show simulations in which we track the free boundary in the domains which resemble the pore scale geometry and in which we test the different modeling assumptions.
Comprehensive gene expression analysis of semaphorins in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Tanzawa Aika , Shiiba Masashi , Saito Tomoaki , Kasamatsu Atsushi , Endo‐Sakamoto Yosuke , Sunohara Masataka , Uzawa Katsuhiro , Takiguchi Yuichi , Tanzawa Hideki , Shirasawa Hiroshi 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSemaphorin family members (Semaphorins; SEMAs) consist of a large family that includes both secreted and membrane‐associated proteins that are originally found to provide axon guidance in selected areas for neural development. The SEMAs have diverse biologic activities such as neuronal cellular migration, axon guidance, vasculogenesis, branching morphogenesis, and cardiac organogenesis. Recent studies have reported that SEMAs also play crucial roles in various carcinomas. However, the association and their role in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) are still poorly understood. In this study, we evaluated SEMAs mRNA expression in OSCC‐derived cell lines using quantitative reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) analysis and revealed the altered gene expression profile of the SEMAs in OSCC cell lines compared with human normal oral keratinocytes. We found that tendency for up‐regulation of SEMA3E, 4C, 5A, 6B, and 7A in OSCC‐derived cell lines. Especially, SEMA3E and SEMA7A mRNA were significantly up‐regulated in all OSCC‐derived cell lines. On the other hands, SEMA3A, 3C, 3F, and 6A mRNA were significantly down‐regulated in all OSCC‐derived cell lines. The expression and role of SEMAs in OSCC depend on the forms and may provide novel insights and therapeutic target for OSCCs.
In Situ Electron Microscopy of Poly(ethylene glycol) Crystals Grown in Thin Ionic Liquids Films
Authors: Srivastava Satyam , Ribbe Alexander E. , Russell Thomas P. , Hoagland David A. 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTCrystals of poly(ethylene glycol) grown in thin films of the room temperature ionic liquid (IL) 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium ethyl sulfate were examined by electron microscopy as a first step toward exploiting nonvolatile liquids for nanoscale imaging of solvated/dissolved polymeric materials. The crystals were generated by cooling supported (over surfaces of varied polarity) and freestanding solution films to room temperature. This “open,” that is, without liquid cell, microscopy was performed on unstained, as‐grown crystals in the presence of the IL. A variety of nearly two‐dimensional crystal morphologies were observed, including rods, fibers, spherulites, compact faceted single crystals, and interconnected networks, with characteristic sizes ranging from tens of nanometers to tens of microns. Electron diffraction patterns for the rods and fibers revealed single crystal‐like long‐range order. The nature of the IL support little affected the morphology, but film thickness and cooling rate proved important. To assess the role of solvent polarity, crystals were also grown from 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium ethyl sulfate mixed with the second IL, the less polar ethyl‐tributyl‐phosphonium diethyl phosphate; here, although the morphologies were similar to those made with pure IL, fibrillar morphologies were more prevalent. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci. 2020, 58, 478–486
Pharmacokinetics of isoniazid in children with tuberculosis—A comparative study at two doses
Authors: Shah Ira , Kumar Das Sajal , Shetty Naman S. , Kannan T. , Ramachandran Geetha , Kumar AK Hemanth 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAimTo compare the pharmacokinetics of isoniazid (INH) at doses 5 and 10 mg/kg/day.MethodsINH concentrations were estimated by high‐performance liquid chromatography in 24 Indian children aged 1 to 15 years on antituberculosis therapy. Blood samples were collected at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 hours after administration of INH. Patients were randomly given INH at 5 or 10 mg/kg/day and maximum concentrations (Cmax) and area under the curve (AUC(0‐8)) were determined in each group. The 2‐hour concentration of INH was used as Cmax for this study.ResultsMean (standard deviation) Cmax was reached in 2 hours and was 2.68 ± 1.19 µg/mL in 5 mg/kg/day group and 8.86 ± 3.94 µg/mL in 10 mg/kg/day group (P < .05). The normal therapeutic range at 2‐hour concentrations for INH in adults achieving good clinical response is between 3 and 5 µg/mL. Among 5 mg/kg/day, only 4 (33%) patients had INH concentrations within the 2‐hour concentrations therapeutic range whereas in 10 mg/kg/day group, 11 (91%) patients achieved Cmax higher than the 2‐hour concentrations therapeutic range and 1 (9%) patient had Cmax within the 2‐hour concentrations therapeutic range. The mean AUC(0‐8) in 5 mg/kg/day group was 10.04 ± 6.12 and 35.93 ± 25.37 µg·h/mL in 10 mg/kg/day group (P = .0001).ConclusionChildren on daily INH 10 mg/kg/day have higher AUC and Cmax than the required therapeutic range whereas over 65% of children with daily 5 mg/kg/day INH therapy failed to achieve the optimal therapeutic range.
What is a clinically meaningful change in exhaled nitric oxide for children with asthma?
Authors: Fielding Shona , Pijnenburg Marielle , de Jongste Johan , Pike Katherine , Roberts Graham , Petsky Helen , Chang Anne B. , Fritsch Maria , Frischer Thomas , Szefler Stanley , Gergen Peter , Vermeulen Françoise , Vael Robin , Turner Steve 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIntroductionFractional exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) may be a useful objective measurement to guide asthma treatment. What remains uncertain is what change in FENO is clinically significant.MethodsAn individual patient data analysis was performed using data from seven randomized clinical trials which used FENO to guide asthma treatment. The absolute and percentage intra‐subject change in FENO measurements over “stable” and also “unstable” 3‐month periods were described.ResultsData were available in 1112 randomized controlled trial participants and ≥1 stable period was present for 665 individuals. The interquartile range (IQR) and limits of agreement (LoA) for change in absolute FENO among individuals whose initial FENO was <50 parts per billion (ppb) were −7 to +9 ppb and −43 to +50 ppb, and for those with initial FENO ≥50 ppb IQR was −29 to +17 ppb and LoA was −80 to +76 ppb. For percentage change in FENO, the IQR and LoA for individuals whose initial FENO was <50 ppb were −33% to +51% and −157% to +215%, and for those with initial FENO ≥50 ppb were −33% to +35% and −159% to +192%. The variation in FENO values for a stable period was similar irrespective of whether it was followed by a stable or unstable period.ConclusionsOver a 3‐month period where FENO is initially <50 ppb, a rise of <10 ppb or of <50% (based on IQR) is unlikely to be related to asthma. When FENO is initially ≥50 ppb an percentage change of <50% (based on IQR) is unlikely to be asthma‐related.
Ir Impregnation on Alumina Pores: Catalyst Activity and Loss During Hydrazine Decomposition
Authors: Salimi Mozaffar , Pakdehi Shahram G. , Shekarian Aliakbar 
Published: January 2020

AbstractCatalytic decomposition of hydrazine over Ir/γ‐Al2O3 was investigated using catalysts with different Ir content. The catalysts were characterized by XRD, XRF, BET, and TEM. Results indicated that with increasing Ir content from 5.6 to 40.8 wt%, the BET surface area and pore volume decreased. This decrease was more significant when Ir content increased from 34.3 to 40.8 wt%. Reactor tests also indicated that the maximum stable reactor pressure of 2180 kPa with the time of about 400 milliseconds to obtain this pressure, and the lowest catalyst loss of 11.3 wt% were obtained with 34.4 wt% Ir as optimum Ir loading.
Empirical analysis of the cross‐interdependence between crude oil and agricultural commodity markets
Authors: Mokni Khaled , Youssef Manel 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis paper aims to investigate the cross‐interdependence between crude oil and agricultural commodity prices. We apply a test of persistence in order to verify whether crude oil prices' effect on the agricultural commodity markets is immediate or delayed. Using the daily data covering the period 2003–2017, results show that the delayed effect of crude oil prices on the agricultural commodity prices is lower than the immediate effect. Furthermore, the dependence is strongly persistent and more affected by the food crisis than the oil crisis. Additionally, a contagion effect is detected during the food crisis for almost agricultural commodity markets, while during the oil crisis, it is verified only for the soybean and wheat markets. The study is designed to determine a reliable framework for returns and volatility forecasting in commodity markets based on the oil market changes.
Syntheses, Structures and Properties of Three Coordination Polymers with 3D Network, 2D Lattice, 1D Ladder Structures
Authors: Guan Lei , Chen Yaxu , Wang Ying , Wang Xing 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThree coordination polymers (CPs), [Ni1.5(L)(bipy)2(H2O)3]n(1), [Zn(L)(Hbipy) (H2O)]n⋅2n(H2O) (2) and [Cu(bipy)2(H2O)2]n⋅2n(H2L)⋅ 3nH2O (3) (NaH2L=5‐sulfoisophthalic monosodium salt, bipy=4,4′‐bipyridine) have been synthesized by solvothermal methods. They were characterized by X‐ray single crystal diffraction, elemental and thermogravimetric analyses. Introduction of the auxiliary N‐donor ligand (bipy) can lead to three Ni(II), Zn(II) and Cu(II) CPs with three‐dimensional (3D) 4‐connected network of the point symbol of (75⋅9), one‐dimensional (1D) ladder and two‐dimensional (2D) lattice frameworks, respectively. Compound 1 is racemic, whose topological structure can be divided into left‐handed and right‐handed helices. The fluorescence emission peaks of compounds 1–3 are located at 416 nm, 412 nm and 455 nm, respectively, which may be attributed to the ligand to metal charge transfers. Variable‐temperature magnetic susceptibility measurements can reveal that there are ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic exchange interactions between the neighboring spins in compounds 1 and 3, respectively, and compound 2 is a diamagnetism system. Compound 1 shows the second‐harmonic generation (SHG) response that is 4 times those of potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP).
Integration of Heterogeneous Acid and Base Catalysis for Clean Synthesis of Jet‐Fuel Precursor from Carbohydrates
Authors: Shinde Suhas , Tarade Komal , Mitra Gaurav , Rode Chandrashekhar 
Published: January 2020

AbstractC12 branched alkane fuel precursor was produced from carbohydrates using an efficient integrated solid acid and base catalysis approach involving: i) isomerisation‐dehydration of carbohydrates to 5‐(hydroxymethyl)furfural (HMF) over solid acid catalyst having both Lewis and Brónsted sites) in a biphasic MIBK (methylisobutylketone): water + DMSO solvent system and ii) Claisen‐Schmidt condensation of crude HMF with MIBK over solid base catalyst. Initially, high yield of jet fuel precursor, (E)‐1‐(5‐(hydroxymethyl)furan‐2‐yl)‐5‐methylhex‐1‐en‐3‐one from pure HMF and MIBK was achieved over basic CaMgAl(231) catalyst. The glucose dehydration to HMF was optimized in biphasic MIBK: H2O‐NaCl: DMSO (8:1.5:0.5; v/v/v) system, with complete glucose conversion and 42% HMF yield over Zr‐Mont possessing both Lewis and Brønsted acid sites. In an integrated dehydration + Claisen‐Schmidt condensation sequence, Zr‐Mont catalyst was filtered off and the crude HMF with MIBK underwent Claisen‐Schmidt condensation over CaMgAl(231) catalyst. The overall 32% yield of Claisen‐Schmidt condensation product was achieved from glucose. MIBK acting also as a product extractant, could be recovered upto 80%.
Novel One‐Pot Access to Diastereoisomeric Tertiary Phospholanes Oxides by Using Enantiomerically Pure Phospholane Oxides Under Catalyst‐Free Conditions
Authors: Lakoud Samia Guezane , Aissa Rim , Guillot Regis , Toffano Martial , Aribi‐Zouioueche Louisa 
Published: January 2020

AbstractFor the first time, enantiopure 1‐r‐oxo‐2‐c,5‐t‐diphenylphospholane was introduced as nucleophile in the multicomponent condensation reaction. Diastereoisomers of 2,5‐diphenyl‐1‐oxo‐1‐[alkylphenyl‐1‐(phenylamino) methyl] phospholane derivatives were synthesized by one‐pot process from aromatic aldehydes, anilines and enantiopure1‐r‐oxo‐2‐c,5‐t‐diphenylphospholane under green and eco‐compatible conditions. The reaction proceeds under catalyst‐free conditions at room temperature within very short time (3 min) in excellent yields (up to 95%). An X‐ray crystal structure has been obtained for 2,5‐diphenyl‐1‐oxo‐1‐[phenyl (phenylamino) methyl] phospholane.
Synthesis and Application of Magnesium Diethylphosphate for Rechargeable Magnesium Battery
Authors: Prabhakar Seggem , Raju Vadthya , Latha Malyala , Rani Jetti Vatsala 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAn attempt has been made to synthesize chloride free Magnesium salt. Magnesium Diethylphosphate (Mg(DEP)) by adopting a novel and economically viable chemical route. The salt is dissolved in N,N‐Dimethylformamide (DMF) and used as electrolyte for rechargeable magnesium battery (RMB). Reversible magnesium dissolution and deposition was examined in Mg‐half cell and full cell at varying potential windows. The reversible Mg intercalation and de‐intercalation at graphite cathode was analyzed by cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge‐discharge and impedance analysis. Mg‐Graphite full cell has shown a discharge capacity of 70 mAh/g for 180 cycles. The cycled electrode's SEM, XRD, XPS analysis conclude the plausible Mg‐ions intercalation into the graphite. The studies could help in the development of chloride free Mg salts with potential application to serve as electrolyte for RMBs.