bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metacognition and Emotional Regulation as Treatment Targets in Binge Eating Disorder: A Network Analysis Study
Authors: Aloi Matteo , Rania Marianna , Carbone Elvira Anna , Caroleo Mariarita , Calabrò Giuseppina , Zaffino Paolo , Nicolò Giuseppe , Carcione Antonino , Coco Gianluca Lo , Cosentino Carlo , Segura-Garcia Cristina 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: This study aims to examine the underlying associations between eating, affective and metacognitive symptoms in patients with binge eating disorder (BED) through network analysis (NA), in order to identify key variables that may be considered the target for psychotherapeutic interventions. Methods: One hundred and fifty-five patients with BED completed measures of eating psychopathology, affective symptoms, emotion regulation and metacognition. A cross-sectional network was inferred by means of Gaussian Markov random field estimation using graphical LASSO and extended Bayesian information criterion (EBIC-LASSO), and central symptoms of BED were identified by means of the strength centrality index. Results: Impaired self-monitoring metacognition and difficulties on impulse control emerged as the symptoms with the highest centrality. Conversely, eating and affective features were less central. The centrality stability coefficient of strength was above the recommended cut-off, thus indicating the stability of the network. Conclusions: According to present NA findings, impaired self-monitoring metacognition and difficulties on impulse control are the central nodes in the psychopathological network of BED while eating symptoms appear marginal. If further studies with larger samples replicate these results, metacognition and impulse control could represent new targets of psychotherapeutic interventions in the treatment of BED. In light of this, Metacognitive Interpersonal Therapy (MIT) could be a promising aid in clinical practice to develop an effective treatment for BED.
Clinical significance of microRNA-320a and insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor in early-onset preeclampsia patients
Authors: Liao Guilian , Chen Danling , Li Juan , Hu Shaona 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
Currently, there is no reliable method to effectively predict and diagnose early-onset preeclampsia (EOPE). microRNAs (miRs) are powerful and promising biomarkers in multiple diseases, including EOPE. Therefore, the present study investigated the role of miR-320a in EOPE.
Methods
Expressions of miR-320a and insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) in serum of EOPE patients and normal pregnant women were detected. The clinical diagnostic efficacy of miR-320a and IGF-1R for EOPE was analyzed using receiver operating characteristic curve. The correlation between miR-320a expression and EOPE clinical indicators [mean arterial pressure (MAP), 24-h urinary protein excretion, serum creatinine (SCR), uric acid (UA), albumin (ALB) and platelet count] was analyzed. The correlation and binding relationship between miR-320a and IGF-1R was predicted and verified.
Results
miR-320a was upregulated, and IGF-1R was downregulated in EOPE patients with their differential expressions more obvious in severe EOPE than mild EOPE. miR-320a and IGF-1R possessed potent clinical diagnostic efficacy for EOPE. miR-320a expression showed a positive correlation with MAP, 24-h urinary protein excretion, UA and SCR levels, and a negative correlation with ALB level and platelet count in EOPE patients. Moreover, miR-320a targeted IGF-1R.
Conclusion
We demonstrated that miR-320a was aberrantly elevated in EOPE and showed powerful clinical diagnostic efficacy for EOPE, which may be achieved by directly targeting IGF-1R. This study provided great reference values for EOPE early diagnosis and novel targets for EOPE treatment.
Less Airway Inflammation and Goblet Cell Metaplasia in an IL-33-Induced Asthma Model of Leptin-Deficient Obese Mice
Authors: Kurokawa Atsushi , Kondo Mitsuko , Arimura Ken , Ashino Shigeru , Tagaya Etsuko 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BackgroundAsthma with obesity is a phenotype of severe asthma. Leptin exerts an immunomodulatory effect and its level is increased in obesity. IL-33 is associated with innate immunity and induces type 2 inflammation, and is present in adipose tissue. However, the role of IL-33 and leptin in obesity-associated asthma is not fully understood. We examined the effect of IL-33 on eosinophilic inflammation, goblet cell metaplasia, and airway responsiveness in leptin-deficient obese (ob/ob) and wild-type mice, and examined the effect of exogenous leptin pretreatment. MethodsIn ob/ob and wild-type mice, IL-33 was instilled intranasally on three consecutive days. In part of the animals, leptin was injected intraperitoneally prior to IL-33 treatment. The mice were challenged with methacholine and resistance of the respiratory system (Rrs) was measured using the forced oscillation technique. Cell differentiation, IL-5, IL-13, eotaxin, KC in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and histology of the lung were analyzed. For the in vitro study, NCI-H292 cells were stimulated with IL-33 in the presence or absence of leptin, and MUC5AC levels were measured by ELISA. ResultsOb/ob mice showed greater baseline Rrs than wild-type mice. IL-33 and IL-33 with leptin did not enhance Rrs challenged with methacholine compared to non-treatment in ob/ob mice, whereas IL-33 with leptin enhanced Rrs in wild-type mice. Ob/ob mice showed less IL-33-induced eosinophil numbers, IL-5, IL-13, eotaxin, and KC levels in BALF and eosinophilic infiltration around bronchi and goblet cell metaplasia than wild-type mice, but leptin pretreatment attenuated these changes in ob/ob mice. MUC5AC levels were increased by co-stimulation with IL-33 and leptin in vitro . ConclusionsLeptin plays an important role in IL-33-induced inflammation and goblet cell metaplasia in the airway, but obesity per se increases airway hyperresponsiveness independent of inflammation. These results explain some aspects of the pathogenesis of obesity-related asthma.
Encotyllabe spari do not live in Brazil: Morphological and molecular evidence confirm two new species of Encotyllabe (Monogenea: Capsalidae) from Brazil
Authors: Taborda Naraiana L. , Sepulveda Fabiola A. , Luque Jose L. , Escribano Ruben , Oliva Marcelo Enrique 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BackgroundCurrently, 24 species of Encotyllabe Diesing, 1850 (Monogenea: Capsalidae) are listed in WoRMS, but the validity of many species has been questioned due to deficient or incomplete descriptions. On the other hand, almost all species in the genus have been described from one host species or closely related host species, suggesting host specificity, but other species, specifically Encotyllabe spari Yamaguti, 1934, have been reported at least from 19 species belonging to nine families in two orders (Perciformes and Scorpaeniformes) from Japan, the Arabian Gulf and Brazil. Concerning Brazilian records of Encotyllabe spari (but also as Encotyllabe cf. spari); seven host species belonging to four families and two orders have been reported as hosts for this species. The aim of this study was to describe two new species of Encotyllabe from Brazil, previously considered as E. spari.MethodsDuring 2016, we examined specimens of Orthophristis ruber (Cuvier) (Haemulidae) and Pagrus pagrus (Linnaeus) (Sparidae) caught off the coast of Cabo Frio, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil by local fishermen. Specimens of Encotyllabe were collected from the pharyngeal plates of the hosts. Morphological and morphometric (multivariate analysis of proportional measurements standardized by total length) and molecular analysis (LSU rRNA and cox1 gene) were performed in order to identify the collected monogenea. ResultsThe presence of two new species of Encotyllabe, Encotyllabe yamagutii n. sp. and Encotyllabe haemuli n. sp., parasitizing the pharyngeal plates of Pagrus pagrus and Orthopristis ruber, respectively, is strongly suggested by the three approaches used in this study. The main morphological differences from the most related species include a combination of body size, shape of the penis, and size and position of the testes.ConclusionsSpecimens of Encotyllabe, hitherto recorded as E. spari or E. cf. spari, belong to two new species. Our results suggest that the host specificity for members of Encotyllabe and specimens registered as E. spari, other than those from the original description, must be revisited.
Dynamics of the layered earthen cloth timber-carrying roads.
Authors: Миляев А.С. 
Published: September 2020

Представлена математическая модель для динамического прочностного расчета конструкций лесовозных дорог на слоистом земляном полотне с целью повышения надежности и долговечности.

Динамическая реакция земляного полотна определяется при действии на жесткий штамп, расположенный на поверхности полотна, движущейся нагрузки, имитирующей перемещение транспорта. Расчеты выполняются методом конечных элементов.

Обосновывается применение метода конечных элементов для расчета переходных динамических процессов в слоистом земляном полотне.

Методика расчета построена на конкретном примере слоистого земляного полотна.

Строится ряд решений динамической задачи при изменяющейся скорости движения нагрузки по штампу. Отношения вертикальных динамических и статической составляющих перемещений штампа дают коэффициенты динамичности земляного полотна в зависимости от скорости движения нагрузки.
The mathematical model for dynamic strength calculation of designs timber-carrying roads to a layered earthen cloth is submitted with the purpose of increase of reliability and durability.

Dynamic reaction of an earthen cloth is defined at action on the rigid stamp located on a surface of a cloth, the moving loading simulating moving of transport. Calculations are carried out by a finite elements method.

Application of a finite elements method for calculation of transitive dynamic processes in a layered earthen cloth is proved.

The design procedure is constructed on a concrete example of a layered earthen cloth.

A line of decisions of a dynamic problems is under construction at changing speed of movement of loading on a stamp. Relations of the vertical dynamic and static displacements, making movings of a stamp, give factors of dynamism of an earthen cloth depending on speed of movement of loading.
Optimization of design parameters of "body work - motoshassi" for grinding of soil vegetation
Authors: Мясищев Д.Г. , Путинцев С.А. 
Published: September 2020

Рассматривается постановка задача оптимизации конструктивных параметров активного роторного рабочего органа для измельчителя напочвенных растительных покровов, например, в садах, лесопарковых хозяйствах и на территориях газонов.

Особенно данное направление актуально в условиях малых предприятий и фермерских хозяйств. В этих производственных структурах работники имеют интерес эксплуатировать как можно меньше базовых шасси с транспортными и энергетическими функциями, и в то же время как можно больше технологических машин на их основе.

Кроме того, само базовое шасси должно быть креативным в широком смысле. То есть обладать потенциалом, характеризующимся готовностью к реализации принципиально новых технических идей.

Эти подходы должны отличатся от традиционных или принятых схем мышления, и входящие в структуру механизированной системы в качестве независимого фактора, а также способность дальнейшего разностороннего развития.

Важен при этом и фактор привлечения молодых эксплуатационников.

Учитывая отмеченные подходы в качестве шасси исследуемого агрегата, предлагаются образцы современной мототехники (2-1, 2-2).

Покров рассматривается как биомасса, состоящая из разнообразных компонентов, прежде всего опавшие листья, стебли растений, мелкие сучья древостоя, мелкодисперсные растительные фрагменты верхнего слоя почвы. Процесс предполагает нулевую обработку почвы.

Представленная в статье информация иллюстрируется конкретным техническим решением, которое находится в стадии практической реализация.
The article discusses the problem of optimizing the formulation of the design parameters of the active rotary working body for the chopper ground vegetation, for example in the gardens, the forest park farms and lawns areas.

Especially this trend relevant in the context of small businesses and farms. In these structures, industrial workers have an interest to operate as little as possible the basic chassis with transport and energy functions, and at the same time as much as possible of technological machines based on them.

This very, the base chassis itself is to be creative in the broadest sense. That is, have the capacity, characterized by willingness to implement a fundamentally new technical idea.

These approaches should differ from traditional or accepted thinking schemes, and included in the mechanical structure of the system as an independent factor, as well as the ability to further diversifying.

What is important in this case and the factor attracting young operatives.

Given the marked approaches as the test unit chassis, offered samples of modern motorcycles (2-1, 2-2).

Cover is treated as biomass, which consists of various components, first of all fallen leaves and plant stalks, small branches growing, fine vegetable pieces of topsoil. The process involves zero tillage.

Presented in the article information is illustrated by specific technical solution, which is in the stage of practical implementation.
Concept of regeneration and forest management in sparsely forest-poor regions.
Authors: Минниханов Р.Н. , Мусин Х.Г. 
Published: September 2020

Разработана и внедрена концепция воспроизводства и лесопользования в малолесных регионах. В основе концепции лежит этапность выполнения комплекса лесохозяйственных мероприятий. Как начальный импульс появление и накопление самосева ели и пихты под пологом мягколиственных лесов на первом этапе продолжительностью 30–40 лет, позволяет с незначительными экономическими затратами получить в последующем наибольший экологический эффект во всем природном комплексе. При максимальном сохранении появившегося подроста и его дальнейшем накоплении и росте на втором этапе с внедрением приемлемых здесь вариантов сплошнолесосечных, постепенных, выборочных рубок и рубок ухода за лесами формируются лиственные насаждения с подростом ели и пихты. На третьем этапе комплексными рубками формируются лиственные древостои со вторым ярусом хвойных. Четвертый этап – окончательный. В сформировавшемся хвойно-лиственном древостое комплексными рубками поддерживается разновозрастность древостоя. Общая продолжительность этапов ограничивается 60–70 годами. Как в теоретическом плане, так и в практическом аспекте концепция имеет свойственные только ей отличительные черты, охватывающие сложный комплекс взаимосвязанных и взаимообусловленных внутренних связей леса и внешних их проявлений. Управление ими и является задачей рационального и неистощительного пользования лесами.
Developed and implemented the concept of reproduction and forest management in sparsely wooded areas. The concept is the stages of implementation of the complex of forestry activities. As the initial impetus to the emergence and accumulation of self-seeding spruce and fir under a canopy of softwood forests in the first stage, lasting 30–40 years, and allows a minor economic cost to obtain the subsequent greatest environmental effect in the whole natural complex. With the maximum preservation of undergrowth appearing and its further accumulation and growth at the second stage with the introduction of acceptable options here clear, gradual, selective logging and thinning in forests formed of deciduous vegetation, with undergrowth of spruce and fir. In the third stage integrated logging a deciduous forest stands are formed with the second coniferous layer. Fourth stage the final. In established coniferous-deciduous forest integrated logging is supported by the uneven stand. The total duration of stages is limited to 60–70 years. In theoretical terms, and in practical aspect of the concept has peculiar only to her features, covering a complex set of interrelated and interdependent internal relationships of the forest and their external manifestations. Management is rational and sustainable management of forests.
Molecular and Genetic Characterization of Natural Variants of HIV-1 Nef Gene from North India and its Functional Implication in Down-Regulation of MHC-I and CD-4
Authors: Singh J. , Ronsard L. , Pandey M. , Kapoor R. , Ramachandran V. G. , Banerjea A. C. 
Published: September 2020

Background:
HIV-1 Nef is an important accessory protein with multiple effector functions.
Genetic studies of the HIV-1 Nef gene show extensive genetic diversity and the functional
studies have been carried out mostly with Nef derived from regions dominated by subtype B
(North America & Europe).

Objective:
This study was carried out to characterize genetic variations of the Nef gene from
HIV-1 infected individuals from North India and to find out their functional implications.

Methods:
The unique representative variants were sub-cloned in a eukaryotic expression vector
and further characterized with respect to their ability to downregulate cell surface expression of
CD4 and MHC-1 molecules.

Results:
The phylogenetic analysis of Nef variants revealed sequence similarity with either consensus
subtype B or B/C recombinants. Boot scan analysis of some of our variants showed homology
to B/C recombinant and some to wild type Nef B. Extensive variations were observed in most of
the variants. The dN/dS ratio revealed 80% purifying selection and 20% diversifying selection implying
the importance of mutations in Nef variants. Intracellular stability of Nef variants differed
greatly when compared with wild type Nef B and C. There were some variants that possessed mutations
in the functional domains of Nef and responsible for its differential CD4 and MHC-1 downregulation
activity.

Conclusion:
We observed enhanced biological activities in some of the variants, perhaps arising
from amino acid substitutions in their functional domains. The CD4 and MHC-1 down-regulation
activity of Nef is likely to confer immense survival advantage allowing the most rare genotype in a
population to become the most abundant after a single selection event.
Prevalence of Sexual Dysfunction and Related Factors in Iranian Pregnant Women During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Mohammadi Azam , Effati-Daryani Fatemeh , Zarei Somayeh , Yngyknd Sakineh Ghasemi , Hemmati Elnaz , Mirghafourvand Mojgan 
Published: September 2020

Background:
With the global prevalence of COVID-19, general fear has increased along
with misinformation and rumors that could affect a pregnant woman's psyche, and her sexual function.

Objective:
This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of sexual dysfunction and related
factors in pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods:
This cross-sectional study was performed on 205 pregnant women. Data collection tools
included a socio-demographic characteristics questionnaire and the FSFI, both of which were completed
online.

Results:
The mean (SD) of the overall score of sexual function was 21.54 (8.37), and 80% of participants
suffered from sexual dysfunction. The results of the adjusted general linear model showed
that the variables of spouse's age and occupation, place of residence, and marital satisfaction were
significantly statistically correlated with the sexual function score. In women whose husbands were
under 30 years of age compared with those over 35 years of age, in women living in their parents'
homes compared to those living in private homes, and in women with high or extremely high marital
satisfaction compared to moderate satisfaction, the sexual function score was higher. Conversely,
women whose husbands were blue-collar workers had lower sexual function scores than
those whose husbands were white-collar workers.

Conclusion:
It is necessary to consider socio-demographic factors in the treatment and prevention of this sexual function
disorders. It is recommended that the appropriate solutions be provided and implemented by the relevant authorities,
taking into account the effective modifying factors, in order to further improve this dimension of married life.
Exploration of a Framework for the Identification of Chronic Kidney Disease Based on 2D Ultrasound Images: A Survey
Authors: Alex Deepthy Mary , Chandy D. Abraham 
Published: September 2020

Background:
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a fatal disease that ultimately results in
kidney failure. The primary threat is the aetiology of CKD. Over the years, researchers have proposed
various techniques and methods to detect and diagnose the disease. The conventional
method of detecting CKD is the determination of the estimated glomerular filtration rate by measuring
creatinine levels in blood or urine. Conventional methods for the detection and classification of
CKD are tedious; therefore, several researchers have suggested various alternative methods. Recently,
the research community has shown keen interest in developing methods for the early detection
of this disease using imaging modalities such as ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, and
computed tomography.

Discussion:
The study aimed to conduct a systematic review of various existing techniques for the
detection and classification of different stages of CKD using 2D ultrasound imaging of the kidney.
The review was confined to 2D ultrasound images alone, considering the feasibility of implementation
even in underdeveloped countries because 2D ultrasound scans are more cost effective than
other modalities. The techniques and experimentation in each work were thoroughly studied and
discussed in this review.

Conclusion:
This review displayed the cutting-age research, challenges, and possibilities of further
research and development in the detection and classification of CKD.