bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Time-restricted feeding reduces the detrimental effects of a high-fat diet, possibly by modulating the circadian rhythm of hepatic lipid metabolism and gut microbiota
Authors: Ye Yuqian , Xu Haopeng , Xie Zhibo , Wang Lun , Sun Yuning , Yang Huayu , Hu Dandan , Mao Yilei 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Time-restricted feeding, also known as intermittent fasting, can confer various beneficial effects, especially protecting against obesity and related metabolic disorders, but little is known about the underlying mechanisms. Therefore, the present study aims to investigate the effects of time-restricted feeding on the circadian rhythm of gut microbiota and hepatic metabolism.Methods Eight-week-old male Kunming mice received either a normal diet ad libitum, a high-fat diet ad libitum, or a high-fat diet restricted to an 8-h temporal window per day for an experimental period of 8 weeks. Weight gain and calorie intake were measured weekly. Serum metabolites, hepatic sections and lipid metabolites, gut microbiota and the hepatic expression of Per1, Cry1, Bmal1, SIRT1, SREBP and PPARα were measured at the end of the experimental period. The composition of gut microbiota and the expression of hepatic genes were compared between four timepoints.Results Mice that received a time-restricted high-fat diet had less weight gain, milder liver steatosis, and lower hepatic levels of triglycerides than mice that received a high-fat diet ad libitum (p < 0.05). The numbers of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes differed between mice that received a time-restricted high-fat diet and mice that received a high-fat diet ad libitum (p < 0.05). Mice fed a time-restricted high-fat diet showed distinct circadian rhythms of hepatic expression of SIRT1, SREBP and PPARα compared with mice fed a normal diet ad libitum, as well as the circadian rhythm of the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes.Conclusions Time-restricted feeding is associated with better metabolic conditions, perhaps owing to alterations in gut microbiota and the circadian pattern of molecules related to hepatic lipid metabolism, which were first to report.
Influences on Contraceptive Method Choice Among Adolescent Women across Urban Centers in Nigeria: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Sanchez Elynn Kann , McGuire Courtney , Calhoun Lisa M. , Hainsworth Gwyn , Speizer Ilene S. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Reducing unintended pregnancies among adolescents and youth ages 15-24 would lower global maternal mortality rates and improve health and well-being opportunities for young women. Despite calls to increase contraceptive use among this population, large gaps still exist, creating an unmet need for family planning. Past research has focused on barriers to seeking a method. There is less understanding of the types of methods young women want and who and what influences these decisions. This study examines what method characteristics young Nigerian women prioritize when choosing a method to inform future family planning programming. Methods: In 2018, eight focus group discussions (FGD) were conducted in the Nigerian cities of Ilorin and Jos with 83 young women ages 15-24. The discussion guide utilized a vignette structure to understand the participants’ perceptions of social norms on contraceptive behavior. The FGDs were undertaken by members of the University of Ibadan Centre for Population and Reproductive Health (CPRH) and analyzed by researchers at the University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill’s Carolina Population Center. A thematic analysis was performed on the transcripts with the objective of identifying what and who influence the type of contraceptive methods young women are choosing.Results: The method characteristics associated with young women’s contraceptive decisions include: side effects, reliability, length of coverage, privacy, cost, and accessibility. Side effects, reliability, and privacy were described as negatively linked to short-acting methods whereas easy accessibility and low cost were positive characteristics of these methods. Long-acting methods were generally viewed as positive. That said, the results find that the characteristics prioritized by individuals change throughout their adolescence. Providers, peers, parents, and partners were all found to have an influence over method choice in different ways. The role of these influencers also changes over the adolescent years. \Conclusion: This study demonstrates that programs should prioritize expanding method choice to increase the number of available options to ensure all young women can access a method that fits their desired method characteristics. Programming should ensure that medically accurate information is widely distributed to harness providers, peers, parents and partners as a resource for information about specific methods.
TXNIP regulates age-associated neuroinflammation: Implication in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Ismael Saifudeen , Nasoohi Sanaz , Yoo Arum , Li Lexiao , Aslam Khurram , Khan Mohammad Moshahid , Sakata Kazuko , El-Remessy Azza , Liao Francesca-Fang , McDonald Michael P. , Ishrat Tauheed 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Drivers of molecular and morphometric variation in Triatoma brasiliensis (Hemiptera: Reduviidae): the resolution of geometric morphometrics for populational structuring in micro-geographic scale
Authors: Kamimura Edgard , Viana Maria Carolina , Lilioso Mauricio , Fontes Fernanda , Pires-Silva Dayane , Valença-Barbosa Carolina , Fuente Ana , Folly-Ramos Elaine , Solferini Vera Nisaka , Thyssen Patricia J , Costa Jane , Almeida Carlos Eduardo 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background The protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi circulates in semiarid areas of the northeastern of Brazil in distinct ecotopes (sylvatic, peridomestic and domestic) where Triatoma brasiliensis is the most important Chagas disease vector.Methods We sampled populations of T. brasiliensis from distinct ecotypic and geographic sites in the Rio Grande do Norte (RN) and Paraíba (PB) States to compare the results of morphometric and genetic variations. The geometric morphometry was carried out with 13 landmarks on the right wings ( N =698) and the genetic structure was assessed by sequencing a region of cytochrome B mitochondrial gene ( N =221). Mahalanobis distance (DM) and molecular differentiation coefficient (Φ ST ) were calculated among all pairs of populations.Results The results of comparisons generated MD and Φ ST dendrograms, and graphics of canonical variate analysis (CVA). Little structure was observed for both markers for macro-geographic scales. Mantel tests comparing geographic, morphometric and genetic matrices showed low correlation (all R 2 <0.35). The factorial graphics built with the CVA evidenced population delimitation for the morphometric data at micro-geographic-scales.Conclusions We believe that T. brasiliensis carries in its genotype a source of information to allow the phenotypical plasticity across its whole distribution for shaping populations, which may have caused a lack of population delimitation for CVAs in morphometric analysis for macro-geographic scale analysis when populations are grouped. On the other hand, the pattern of morphometric results in micro-geographic scales highlights the potential of this tool to infer the source for infestation.
Lifestyle and Occupation patterns with poor semen quality: A cross sectional analysis
Authors: Ranasinghe Chandana , Gamage Yehan , Perera Ominda , Karunarathna Chaminda , Galgamuwa Lahiru Sandaruwaan , Batcha Milhan , Jayasekara Kithsiri 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background

Infertility is a major problem persisting all around the world. According to WHO the rate of infertility is approximately 15% worldwide and it differ from geographical location, ethnicity and social status. Lifestyle habits, environmental and occupational hazards, physical parameters can be recognized as major risk factors which may affect male infertility. The objective of this study was to determine factors associated with male infertility in Sri Lanka.
Methods

A cross sectional study was conducted on 299 individuals participated for an infertility clinic in a Teaching hospital in Sri Lanka. Socio-demographic, occupational and environmental characteristics were collected using interviewer administered questionnaire. Semen samples were collected from each participant for laboratory investigations. Sperm concentration and motility, morphology and viability of sperms were measured.
Results

Out of total participants, 30.1% of participants had a sperm concentration of < 15 × 10⁶and the sperm mortality was < 32% in 34.7% participants. Older age, tobacco smokers, individuals using tight under wears and individuals exposed to either heat or chemical hazards were identified as risk groups with low sperm concentration and low semen volume. In addition, older age, individuals using tight under wears and individuals exposed to either heat or chemical hazards were significantly associated with low or abnormal sperm mortality and morphology. Individuals having diabetes showed a significantly higher non-motility rate of sperms. Alcohol usage, betel chewing, mumps, special radiation exposure, body mass index and waist circumference were not significantly associated with semen parameters.
Conclusion

Older age, tobacco smoking, wearing tight underwear, occupational exposures, and diabetes mellitus has shown a great risk for the generation of poor semen parameters, which can lead to male infertility. Furthermore it is very important to carry out extended studies regarding this problem to establish the effect of above factors.
Emergency Management of Anaphylaxis in Chinese Primary Care Units: Systematic Analysis of 77 Cases
Authors: Jiang Chunyan , Li Hongwei , Wang Lina , Liu Chunyan , Hao Xiaofei 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Anaphylaxis is a potentially fatal medical emergency and prompt, appropriate administration of epinephrine is critical. However, the actual clinical practices of emergency management of anaphylaxis in Chinese primary care remain unclear.Objective To evaluate the actual emergency management of anaphylaxis in Chinese primary care units compared to current guidelines.Methods Systematic analysis of published case reports of anaphylaxis initially treated in Chinese primary care units from January 2014 through December 2018.Results A total of 77 cases were included in this analysis. The patients came from 22 provinces of China. Mean age was 42 years, and 49 (64.5%) were male. All the patients developed severe anaphylactic reactions, with mortality rate of 5.2%. Only 21 (27.3%) patients received epinephrine as first-line intervention. The first dose of epinephrine ranged from 0.0625 mg to 0.5 mg in children and 0.1 mg to1.0 mg in adults. The percentage of adult patients who received initial epinephrine dose of 1.0 mg (73.7%) was significantly higher than that of 0.5 mg (19.3%; p < 0.001). The percentage of patients who received subcutaneous (SC), intramuscular (IM), or intravenous (IV) bolus injection was 44.3%, 36.1%, and 19.7%, respectively. Among patients who received epinephrine, 80.3% received an overdose. All the 5 patients who developed serious adverse effects associated with epinephrine had received an overdose, and 4 of these had received route of IV bolus injection.Conclusion and Clinical Relevance The actual emergency management of anaphylaxis in Chinese primary care is not consistent with current guidelines. Under-use, overdose and inappropriate route of epinephrine administration are the major problems. Targeted training is therefore strongly suggested for Chinese general practitioners.
miR-182 facilitates invasion and EMT by targeting Numb in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma
Authors: Kang Yanmeng , Lu Degan , Meng Lingxia , Ma Ruiping , Huang Chuanjun , Gao Mingxia , Zhang Caiqing 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background

Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma (MPM) is a highly aggressive tumor which need effective therapeutic methods to improve the prognosis. We carried out this study to explore the role of miR-182 in MPM development, its correlation with Numb expression and EMT.
Methods

First, we investigated the level of miR-182 and Numb-mRNA by qRT-PCR. Furthermore, we introduced the putative miR-182 binding site into a luciferase reporter plasmid to illustrate the impact of miR-182 on Numb. Then, we down-regulated the expression of miR-182 with/without Numb knocked down in NCI-H2452 cells to investigated their effect. Data were presented as mean ± SD of three independent experiments. Student’s test, correlation analysis and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used.
Results

Our results revealed that miR-182 has a high level of expression in MPM, it has a negative correlation with Numb and targeted Numb in MPM cells. miR-182 facilitated the invasion of MPM cells while down-regulation of miR-182 restrained the progression of EMT and made MPM cells more susceptible to pemetrexed.
Conclusions

miR-182 and Numb can serve as potential therapeutic targets for MPM.
Dimensionality of forearm muscle activation in transradial amputees
Authors: McClanahan Alexander , Moench Matthew , Fu Qiushi 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background

Establishing a natural communication interface between the user and the terminal device is one of the central challenges of hand neuroprosthetics research. Surface electromyography (EMG) is the most common source of neural signals for interpreting a user’s intent in these interfaces. However, how the capacity of EMG generation is affected by various clinical parameters remains largely unknown.
Methods

In this retrospective study using an open source database, we examined the EMG activity of forearm muscles recorded from 11 transradially amputated subjects and 40 able-bodied subjects who performed a wide range of movements. By using non-negative matrix factorization, we extracted the synergistic EMG patterns for each subject to estimate the dimensionality of muscle control, under the framework of motor synergies.
Results

We found that amputees exhibited less than four synergies (with substantial variability related to the length of remaining limb and age), whereas able-bodied subjects commonly demonstrate five or more synergies.
Conclusions

The results of this study provide novel insight into the muscle synergy framework and the design of natural myoelectric control interfaces.
WITHDRAWN: ELLs in Higher Education: Self-Efficacy Beliefs and Goal Orientation
Authors: Benati Alessandro , SHI HONG , Mohebbi Hassan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The present study aims to investigate the self-efficacy and goal orientation of college-level English Language Learners (ELLs). It further explores the relationship between self-efficacy and goal orientation. The data was collected from 198 ELLs by using an English Language Learning Survey. The participants had positive self-efficacy towards their English learning. ELLs who were more than 25 years old had a higher level of self-efficacy than those who were less than 25 years old. Moreover, females had a greater mastery goal orientation tendency than males. We also witnessed a positive correlation between self-efficacy and mastery goals, whereas self-efficacy was negatively correlated with performance-avoidance goals. Based on the findings of this study, teachers are encouraged to provide scaffolding and set assessment focus on ELLs improvement and mastery of content to enhance their self-efficacy and facilitate adopting mastery goals.
Comparison of nutritional effectiveness and complication rate between early nasojejunal and nasogastric tube feeding in patients with an intracerebral hemorrhage
Authors: Ling Cong , Hu Xiling , Chen Chuan , Luo Lun , Cai Meiqin , Liang Chaofeng , Wang Hui , Guo Ying 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

BackgroundThis study aimed to compare nutritional effectiveness and complication rate between early nasojejunal and nasogastric tube feeding in patients with an intracerebral hemorrhage.MethodsEighty patients with an intracerebral hemorrhage were randomly divided into a nasojejunal and a nasogastric tube feeding group. Feeding tubes were placed within 6 hours after admission, and enteral feeding began within 2 hours after tube placement. The nutritional status and complication rate of the 2 groups were compared before and 2 and 4 weeks after beginning feeding.ResultsSerum prealbumin, serum albumin, and hemoglobin levels were significantly higher in the nasojejunal tube feeding group than in the nasogastric tube feeding group at 2 and 4 weeks after beginning feeding (all, p < 0.05). The incidence of gastric retention, pulmonary aspiration, and pneumonia were lower in the early nasojejunal tube feeding group than in the early nasogastric tube feeding group (all, p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of diarrhea between the 2 groups.ConclusionCompared with early nasogastric feeding, early nasojejunal feeding provides better nutritional effectiveness and a lower incidence of gastric retention, pulmonary aspiration, and pneumonia in patients with an intracerebral hemorrhage.#These authors contributed equally to this work.
Viral Sepsis, No Neglecting Complication Following Novel Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19)
Authors: Liu Di , Wang Qiang , Zhang Huacai , Cui Li , Shen Feng , Chen Yong , Sun Jiali , Gan Lebin , Sun Jianhui , Wang Jun , Zhang Jing , Cai Qingli , Du Juan , Li Lei , Zhang Anqiang , Huang Hong , Deng Jin , Jiang Jianxin , Zeng Ling 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Until 24:00 of April 26th 2020, 2,918,268 laboratory-confirmed cases of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection have been reported worldwide, including 203,528 deaths. Bacterial infection is the main cause of sepsis, however, sepsis caused by virus is often ignored. Increased awareness, early recognition of viral sepsis, rapid administration of appropriate antiviral drugs, and urgent treatment can significantly reduce deaths of viral sepsis.Objectives Given the rapid global spread of novel Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19), coupled with the high rate of missed diagnosis of viral sepsis caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection, it is urgent to evaluate the multiple organ failure score and viral sepsis in COVID-19 patients, so as to determine the clinical characteristics of viral sepsis more accurately and reveal the risk factors related to mortality.Methods Here we provide a full description of three cases of viral sepsis and subsequent multiple organ dysfunction (MODS) caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection imported to Guiyang from Wuhan.Results Complete laboratory examination, imaging data and treatment methods for the patients are analyzed. Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment score (SOFA score) and Multiple organ dysfunction scores (MOD score) were daily assessed, aim to elucidate the clinical feature of viral sepsis and MODS and to attract enough attention by clinicians.Conclusions Therefore, we strongly suggest to daily evaluate SOFA score and MOD score in severe and critically-ill COVID-19 patients, so as to early diagnose and prevention of sepsis and MODS.
HaRePo (Harm Reduction by Post): An Innovative and Effective Harm Reduction Program for People Who Use Drugs Using Email, Telephone and Post-Service.
Authors: Leguizamon Magally Torres , Reynaud Emmanuel G. , Néfau Thomas , Duplessy Catherine 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
BackgroundDespite multiple Harm Reduction (HR) programs worldwide, there are still an important number of people who use drugs (PWUD) who do not access those services. Their difficulties to obtain HR tools are due to their inability to reach such services (remoteness and/or limited customer service hours), costs, quantitative restrictions, fear of judgment, lack of confidentiality in pharmacy and unfamiliarity with HR programs. We tested an innovative approach using the power of remote online communication and the national postal distribution network to improve HR tools access and counselling.MethodsBased on these observations, SAFE association created HaRePo in 2011, a free and confidential program designed for people who have difficulties accessing HR tools and counselling. PWUD can access the program by phone and/or email. An HR professional answers any questions, delivers HR counselling, and connects the PWUD to other HR services, medical, and social workers. HR tools are prepared and sent according to the person’s needs through the French postal service to users across Metropolitan France and overseas territories.ResultsSince 2011, 1920 PWUD have benefited from HaRePo: 10,450 parcels were sent accounting for more than 1.7 million syringes and 6 million HR related items. HaRePo receives positive feedback from PWUD who have improved their practices through remote but trusted communication. The percentage of people that, after joining the program, never reuse and/or share HR tools have significantly increased. On average 71.5% of beneficiaries never reuse syringes and 81% do not reuse needles. And they are 98.5% users who never share syringes and 99% needles any longer. Between 44% and 80% HaRePo beneficiaries have reported that their drug-related practices (injection, inhalation and snorting) are now safer. Finally, between 39% and 53% HaRePo users declared that their overall physical state has improved (e.g., venous condition, the appearance of point of injection, swelling of arms, legs, and hands).ConclusionHaRePo is an innovative HR program efficient for hard-to-reach PWUD. It shows evidence of a positive feedback loop for PWUD in improving their practices. Finally, HaRePo represents a clear benefit for health authorities in France, who decided to expand the program in 2016.
Variations in temperate forest biomass ratio along three environmental gradients are dominated by interspecific differences in wood density
Authors: Kerfriden Baptiste , Jean-Daniel Bontemps , Jean-Michel Leban 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Biomass ratio (BR) is a forest state variable allowing the conversion of forest volume of growing stock into biomass. Despite huge intraspecific variation in wood density depending on the biotic and abiotic environments of tree growth, this variable is most often considered a tree species constant in C budgets. The aims were i) to identify variations in BR along decorrelated water, soil nutrition and elevation gradients, ii) to test for differences between broadleaved and conifer tree species in BR variations, and iii) to weight the contribution of interspecific and intraspecific diversity in BR variations. Methods Analyses were based on massive wood density measurements performed with an X-ray medical scanner on 54,700 tree cores collected in 2016 and 2017 on the spatially systematic plot sampling design of the French national forest inventory (NFI) program. Results BR variations along the three gradients were found significant. BR hence decreased by 73 kg.m-3 (conifers) and 126 kg.m-3 (broadleaves) along a 180 mm gradient of soil water holding capacity (SWHC). It also increased by 153 kg.m-3 on average along the full gradient of soil basicity Index (SBI). A negative trend along elevation was also identified, with an average decrease by 155 kg.m-3 from 200 to 2000 m of elevation. Species distribution was found to be the main cause of BR variations along these gradients. Conclusions We report dependences of BR on both water (–), nutrient availability (+) and warmth (+) gradients, more acute in broadleaves than in conifers only for water availability. At the scale of the whole French forests, intraspecific variations in wood density do not affect BR estimations along these gradients. BR variations are mainly driven by the tree stand species composition along them.