bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relation between the duration of disease and audiogram findings in tubotympanic type of chronic suppurative otitis media after myringoplasty
Authors: Ganganamoni Rajamohan , Thejas Saai Ram 
Published: November 2020

<p><strong>Background:</strong> Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) has been an important cause of hearing loss and ear discharge in people affected by it for a significant time now. Its prevalence is more in developing countries where the socioeconomic status is low. Poor and overcrowded living conditions, poor hygiene and nutrition have been suggested as a basis for the widespread prevalence of CSOM in developing countries. Pure tone audiometry is the easiest and the most basic procedure which needs to be performed on any patient who has history of hearing loss irrespective of the nature of the disease and the cause surrounding it. Every initial evaluation for CSOM should include audiometric testing via air and bone along with pure tone thresholds. Aim of the study was to co-relate the hearing loss to the duration of the disease in the ear in patients with CSOM and to also associate the same to the corresponding hearing changes after myringoplasty.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sixty patients were taken to be part of the study after following a strict inclusion and exclusion criteria. With proper consent, they underwent pure tone audiogram and myringoplasty. Their air bone (AC) gap and air conduction (AC) threshold results were tabulated with the duration of the disease and a consensus was reached at.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>It was observed that the hearing loss was much lesser if the duration of the disease was lesser than one year. As the diagnosis was delayed, both the AB gap and mean AC threshold went up. The early closure of the perforation can significantly bridge the AB gap but the same cannot be said about the AC threshold as it seemed to be lesser affected by the duration.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>It can thus be concluded that AC threshold is quietly independent of the changes in the diseased middle ear as compared to the AB gap. This makes it a stronger tool in the assessment of hearing. The early diagnosis and management of tubotympanic type of CSOM can not only help in preventing complications but also aid in better hearing protection which in-turn helps in better social survival.</p>
Comparison of two different doses of intrathecal Neostigmine as an adjuvant to Bupivacaine for postoperative analgesia
Authors: Ruparel Dipakkumar H , Dhumane Pradeep , Rathi Ankita 
Published: November 2020

Subarachnoid block (SAB) using Bupivacaine lacks postoperative analgesia. Aim of present study was to assess safety and efficacy of 50 µ and 100µ intrathecal Neostigmine for postoperative analgesia. Ninety patientsof age 18 to 65 were allocated randomly to three groups of 30 each and studied prospectively by double blind controlled trial. Patient posted for lower limb and lower abdominal surgeries were given SAB using 3 ml Bupivacaine 0.5% in group A, 2.9 ml Bupivacaine + 50 µ Neostigmine in B and 2.8 ml Bupivacaine and 100µ Neostigmine in C.Patients were monitored for onset, regression of sensory and motor block, blood pressure and heart rate. Postoperatively patients were assessed for pain score using visual analogue scale (VAS) and duration of analgesia by rescue analgesia requirement. 90 patients enrolled were analysed. VAS pain score was more in group A compared to B which had higher than group C. Analgesia was prolonged in group C than in B which had better analgesia than group A. Incidence of nausea, vomiting and bradycardia was higher with 100µ Neostigmine than 50 µ.Intrathecal Neostigmine 50 µ dose as an adjuvant to Bupivacaine is associated with good postoperative analgesia and hemodynamic stability while 100 µ dose was associated with more prolonged analgesia and higher incidence of adverse effects.
Attenuation of haemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation a comparative study between I.V. labetalol and I.V. lignocaine
Authors: Korukonda Viditha , Kaladhar S 
Published: November 2020

One of the most common procedures performed by the anaesthisiologists is the Endotracheal Intubation. During this procedure, hemodynamic changes, which may be rapid and dramatic and adverse to the patient may occur. Lignocaine is an excellent drug for the attenuation of pressor events and Labetalol is a potent antihypertensive drug. 50 patients between the ages 18 to 60 years who were scheduled for various procedures under general anaesthesia with ASA Grade I status were included into the study and divided into 2 groups of 25 each. One group was given intravenous Labetalol 0.75mg/kg 10 minutes before intubation and the other group received intravenous injection of Lignocaine hydrochloride (without preservative) 2% in a dose of 1.5 mg/kg over a period of 10 seconds, before 90 seconds of laryngoscopy and intubation. The parameters were lower in Labetalol group (P&#60;0.05) compared to the lignocaine group. The arterial pressures in the Labetalol group attained basal value, and heart rate nearing basal value. The arterial pressures in the Lignocaine group were slightly higher a than basal values and the heart rate is higher than baseline value.Labetalol given intravenous was more advantageous compared to other methods for attenution of hemodynamic changes after laryngoscopy and intubation as it has a good attenuation of pressor response and heart rate and provides a good intra operative profession against haemodynamics response to surgical stimuli.
Dynamics and Determinants of Inflation During the COVID-19 Pandemic Period in European Countries: A Spatial Panel Data Analysis
Authors: ERDOĞAN Seyfettin , YILDIRIM Durmuş Çağrı , GEDİKLİ Ayfer 
Published: November 2020

Aim: The recent macroeconomic problems in the global economy are highly related to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Since the highest spread of the disease is observed in the European countries, it is worthwhile to investigate the macroeconomic indicators in the European Union (EU) member and the candidate countries. Inflation is one of the most important indicators to examine since it may directly affect many macroeconomic variables. In this study, the determinants of inflation in the 28 EU members and candidate states are investigated.
Material and Methods: In this study, the determinants of inflation in the 28 EU members and candidate states are investigated for January 2020-July 2020 using spatial panel data analysis.
Results: The empirical results indicated that the exchange rate and money supply ratios were reasons of the increase in inflation. There is also increasing pressure on the inflation rates due to the domestic money supply and exchange rate variables as well as the neighborhood relations between countries (positive spatial effects).
Conclusion: It is an important finding that macroeconomic problems in each sample country are also affected by developments in neighboring countries as well as internal dynamics. Continuous development of economic, social, and political cooperation between neighboring countries at the regional level is essential. It is reasonable for every country to develop self-sufficient strategies in the fields of agriculture, food, technology, and pharmaceutical industries in case of global disasters. Regional cooperation should not be limited to the development of sectors that stand out during the pandemic period.
Variasi Profil Protein Daging Sapi yang Dibungkus Daun Pepaya dengan Elektrophoresis SDS-Page
Authors: Saputro Tri Ade 
Published: November 2020

Abstrak Daging merupakan bahan pangan yang penting dalam memenuhi kebutuhan gizi.Protein pada daging lebih mudah dicerna dibanding protein yang berasal dari tumbuhan (nabati). Daun pepaya merupakan tanaman obat-obatan karena mengandung senyawa alkaloida dan enzim proteolitik, papain, khimopapain, dan lisosom, yang berguna pada proses pencernaan dan mempermudah kerja usus Dalam pepaya terkandung enzim-enzim protease (pengurai protein) yaitu papain dan kimopapain. Kedua enzim ini mempunyai kemampuan menguraikan ikatan- ikatan dalam melekul protein sehingga protein terurai menjadi polipeptida dan dipeptide.Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan di dapatkan hasil sebagai berikut pada tiap sampelnya sampel dengan rendaman daun papaya selama 10 menit memiliki 11 pita protein, sampel rendaman daun papaya selama 20 menit memiliki 16 pita protein dan sampel rendaman daun papaya selama 30 menit memiliki 15 pita protein. Keywords: prifil protein, daging sapi, SDS page, elektroforesis AbstractBeef is an important food ingredient in meeting nutritional needs. Protein in beef is easier to digest than protein from plants (vegetables). Papaya leaf is a medicinal plant because it contains alkaloids and proteolytic enzymes, papain, khimopapain, and lyosomes, which are useful in the digestive process and facilitate the work of the intestines. Papaya contains protease enzymes (protein decomposers), papain and khimopapain. Both of these enzymes have the ability to decompose the bonds in the protein molecule so that the protein breaks down into polypeptides and dipeptides. Based on the research done in getting the following results in each sample, samples marinated with papaya leaf for 10 minutes have 11 protein bands, samples marinated during 20 minutes have 16 protein bands and samples marinated for 30 minutes have 15 protein bands. Kata Kunci: prifil protein, beef, SDS page, elektroforesis
Efek Protektif Zink Terhadap Stres Oksidatif Testis dan Kualitas Sperma Pada Mencit Jantan (Mus Musculus) Setelah Diinduksi Cyclophosphamide
Authors: Yulianti Retno 
Published: November 2020

AbstractCyclophosphamide is a class of alkylating agents used for cancer treatment. The side effect of CP is through the depletion mechanism of the GSH cellular pathway which generates free radicals by activation by copper/iron in the body to damage the spermatogenesis process. Zinc has antioxidant enzymes and can bind metallothionein to protect the body from the effects of anti-cancer drugs. The purpose of this study was to determine the protective effect of Zn against testicular oxidative stress and sperm quality in male mice (Mus musculus) after cyclophosphamide induction. This study used 30 male mice divided into six groups, namely negative controls that were not given CP and Zn (K1), positive controls that were given only Zn (K2) and only CP (K3) and groups that were given CP injections (200 mg / Kg) with 3 doses of Zn, namely 25 mg (K4), 50 mg (K5) and 100 mg (K6). The analysis showed that the mean sperm quality in all groups was significantly different (p=0.011). The mean levels of MDA testis in all groups did not differ significantly. There was no relationship between testicular MDA levels with sperms quality (p=0.800) and the degree of correlation in a negative direction (R= -0.048). This study concluded that testicular MDA levels are not associated with sperms quality, especially the number of sperms cells. Keywords : cyclophosphamide, malondialdehid, sperms, zinc AbstrakCyclophosphamide (CP) merupakan golongan alkylating agent yang digunakan untuk pengobatan kanker. Efek samping CP melalui mekanisme deplesi jalur seluler GSH yang menghasilkan radikal bebas dengan aktivasi oleh tembaga atau besi dalam tubuh sehingga merusak proses spermatogenesis. Zink (Zn) memiliki enzim–enzim antioksidan dan mampu mengikat metallothionein untuk melindungi tubuh dari efek obat anti kanker. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efek proteksi zink terhadap stress oksidatif testis dan kualitas sperma pada mencit jantan (Mus musculus) setelah diinduksi cyclophospamid . Penelitian ini menggunakan 30 mencit jantan yang dibagi enam kelompok yaitu kontrol negatif yang tidak diberi CP dan Zn (K1), kontrol positif yang hanya diberi Zn (K2) dan hanya CP (K3) serta kelompok yang diberikan penyuntikan CP (200 mg/Kg) dengan 3 dosis Zn yaitu 25 mg (K4), 50 mg (K5) dan 100 mg (K6). Hasil analisis menunjukkan rerata kualitas sperma (jumlah sel sperma) pada semua kelompok berbeda siginifikan (p=0.011). Rerata kadar MDA testis pada semua kelompok tidak berbeda signifikan. Tidak terdapat hubungan antara kadar MDA testis dengan kualitas sperma (jumlah sel sperma) (p =0.800, p>0.05) dan derajat korelasi ke arah negatif (nilai R= -0.048) Kesimpulan penelitian ini bahwa kadar MDA testis tidak berhubungan dengan kualitas sperma terutama jumlah sel sperma. Kata Kunci: cyclophosphamide, malondialdehid, sperma, zink
The Influence of CSR Program "Desa Wisata Buah Diwak" on the Image of PT Industri Jamu Dan Farmasi Sido Muncul. Tbk Company
Authors: Latunagari Ega Karismabumi 
Published: November 2020

Sebagai organisasi bisnis yang hidup berdampingan dengan masyarakat, maka sebuah perusahaan perlu menjalankan konsep triple bottom line (Profit, Planet, People). Program CSR berbasis Community Development merupakan salah satu saluran komunikasi antara perusahaan dengan lingkungan. Sehingga, diharapkan mampu memberikan dampak positif bagi kesejahteraan masyarakat sekaligus menciptakan citra positif perusahaan di mata stakeholder. Maka dari itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh efektivitas program CSR Desa Wisata Buah Diwak terhadap citra PT Industri Jamu Dan Farmasi. Tbk. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan menyebarkan kuesioner kepada kelompok tani. Melalui hasil olah data, diketahui bahwa nilai R square sebesar 0.101 dan nilai signifikansi sebesar 1.130. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengaruh antara efektivitas program CSR dengan citra perusahaan belum maksimal. Hal ini dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, salah satunya karena program CSR baru berjalan selama 3 tahun. Padahal hasil dan manfaat dari program CSR baru dapat dirasakan secara langsung oleh kelompok tani minimal dalam jangka waktu 5 tahun.
Keywords : corporate social responsibility, community development, citra perusahaan
MEDIASI KESALEHAN SELEBRITI PEREMPUAN HIJRAH DI MEDIA SOSIAL INSTAGRAM
Authors: Machmiyah Siti 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT
The group of people who call themselves 'hijrah' in the realm of Islam has indeed become a new trend in Indonesia. This cannot be separated from the influence of post-Islamism which is rife where the traditional elements (in this case religion) can go hand in hand with the elements of modernity. Hijrah becomes a form of popular culture that can be easily followed by some Indonesian people, including by female celebrities, they eventually become a new 'capital' among bearers of hijrah because celebrities have a strong magnet to be a Hijrah trendsetter only close to the da’I who is a role model. The celebrities who hijrah were inevitably packing themselves to become the perfect celebrity hijrah figure, one of which was by branding the hijrah on Instagram social media, the hijrah celebrity then mediated ‘piety’ on Instagram through three things; upload preaching message content in everyday life, Islamic lifestyle in marketing endorsement products, and do remediation of preaching content from the da'i they follow.
Keywords : Celebrity, Hijrah, mediation
Late Stabilization of Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip Without Treatment
Authors: Gamble James G. 
Published: November 2020

Case:
Approximately three-quarters of neonates with unstable hips will spontaneously stabilize without treatment in the first few weeks of life. This report presents the long-term follow-up of an infant with developmental dysplasia of the hips that stabilized at an older age and without any orthopaedic treatment.

Conclusions:
Factors contributing to the spontaneous stabilization in this case included the patient's self-selected lower extremity position of comfort with hips flexed, abducted, and externally rotated; her delayed walking; and her light body weight.
Evaluasi Teknologi Tumpangsari Kedelai dengan Padi Gogo dan Jagung
Authors: Taufiq Abdullah , Sundari Titik , Harsono Arief , Harnowo Didik , Mutmaidah Siti , Baliadi Yuliantoro , Wijanarko Andy , Nugrahaeni Novita 
Published: November 2020

<p class="teks">Tumpangsari (TS) kedelai dengan padi gogo atau jagung merupakan salah satu strategi meningkatkan luas panen dan produksi kedelai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan model tanam TS padi gogo (pg)+ kedelai (kd) dan TS jagung (jg)+ kedelai (kd) yang optimal. Penelitian dilaksanakan di IP2TP Kendalpayak mulai Oktober 2018 hingga Januari 2019. Perlakuan terdiri atas kombinasi empat model tanam dengan dua varietas kedelai (Dega 1 dan Dena 1) termasuk pemupukannya pada TS pg+kd dan TS jg+kd. Varietas padi gogo dan jagung berturut-turut Inpago 10 dan Bima 19. Model tanam (M) pada TS pg+kd terdiri atas: M1: 75% pg + 91% kd tanpa pupuk, M2: 37% pg + 91% kd tanpa pupuk, M3: 37% pg + 152% kd dipupuk 23-36-30 kg/ha N, P, K + 1 t/ha pupuk kandang (pukan), dan M4: 18% pg+72% kd dipupuk 23-36-30 kg/ha N, P, K + 1 t/ha pukan. Padi gogo ditanam bersamaan dengan kedelai, dengan dosis pemupukan 144,5-52,5-52,5 kg/ha N, P, K + 1 t/ha pukan. Model tanam pada TS jg+kd terdiri atas: M1: 150% jg ditanam 3 minggu setelah kedelai + 114% kd dipupuk 38-15-15 kg/ha N, P, K, M2: 150% jg + 114% kd dipupuk 107-15-15 kg/ha N, P, K + 2,5 t/ha pukan, M3: 150% jg + 227% kd dipupuk seperti pada M2, dan M4: 52% jg + 70% kd dipupuk 23-36-36 kg/ha N, P, K + 1 t/ha pukan. Dosis pemupukan jagung 167,5-52,5-52,5 kg/ha N, P, K + 1 t/ha pukan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model tanam optimal pada TS padi gogo + kedelai adalah Model 1 dan Model 2 menggunakan kedelai varietas Dega 1, dengan keuntungan masing-masing Rp9.086.500 dan Rp8.896.500/ha. Model yang optimal pada TS jagung + kedelai adalah Model 1 menggunakan kedelai varietas Dega 1 dengan keuntungan Rp20.121.400/ha. Masing-masing model tanam tersebut mempunyai keunggulan dalam hal produktivitas dan perolehan keuntungan dibandingkan model lainnya yang diuji. Oleh karena itu, pada TS padi gogo + kedelai dengan Model 1 atau Model 2 atau pada TS jagung + kedelai dengan Model 1 lebih dianjurkan menggunakan kedelai varietas Dega 1 dibandingkan Dena 1.<br /><br /></p>
MORPHOMETRY OF BLUE LAND CRAB (CARDISOMA GUANHUMI) BURROWS: ICHNOLOGICAL CONTEXT AND PALEOENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATIONS
Authors: SPARACIO CHRISTOPHER A. , BUYNEVICH ILYA V. , CURRAN H. ALLEN , KOPCZNSKI KAREN 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACTA large brachyuran, the blue land crab (Cardisoma guanhumiLatreille, 1825) is a keystone species and a prolific burrower in a variety of low-latitude supratidal habitats; however, few studies have addressed its ichnological aspects. Here we present a detailed morphological assessment of C. guanhumi burrows and make comparisons to Macanopsis plataniformis, a trace fossil thought to be constructed by a similar brachyuran. Using nine burrow casts from a mangrove wetland on San Salvador Island, Bahamas, 29 dimensionless morphometric parameters were compared. Results of Bray-Curtis tests show high overall similarity index (0.85) between casts, with complexity, tortuosity, and opening inclination angle having moderate to high similarity (&gt; 0.8). End chamber angle of the blue land crab has highest similarity both within the modern morphometric parameter dataset (&gt; 0.9) and to that of M. plataniformis (0.88). The large terminal chamber is particularly important because of its high preservation potential, as a repository for organic remains, and as a reliable water table (∼ sea-level) indicator. Cluster analysis suggests size-independent Macanopsis-resembling burrow morphology among different extant taxa can be discriminated via quantitative neoichnological methods. Our findings demonstrate how a quantitative assessment of modern burrows and their likely counterparts from the sedimentary record can help constrain tracemaker identity and aid paleoenvironmental reconstruction of low-energy microtidal settings.
Closing the Gap in Human Factors Everybody Has a Role To Play
Authors: Nazaruk Marcin , Thorogood John 
Published: November 2020

Human factors is a broad technical discipline focused on enhancing people’s performance in complex organizations where people interact with equipment and processes over time and across levels of hierarchy. Despite this relatively clear definition, human factors is still poorly understand and doesn’t yet yield the full potential that the practical insights and actions can produce.
Despite a substantial effort on the part of many industry bodies, including the UK Energy Institute (EI) and the International Oil and Gas Producers Association (IOGP), to raise awareness of human-factors principles, with some exceptions in a few organizations, progress on implementation has been slow. Momentum is now finally building with the formation of the Human Performance Oil and Gas Group (HPOG), which is designed to be an industry membership organization modeled on the highly successful Dropped Objects Prevention Safety initiative, DROPS. Its purpose is to embed human factors concepts into practical organizational processes and operational procedures.
There is a common misconception that human-factors skills are solely for frontline employees and once suitably trained, their behavior will change and performance will improve. This approach rests on the belief that the behavior of frontline operators is the source of all problems, which is wide of the mark. Human factors is a challenge for the organization as a whole and extends beyond simply understanding how the human brain works or silver-bullet solutions such as training crew resource-management skills.
Elevation of Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate and C-reactive Protein Levels Reflects Renal Interstitial Inflammation in Drug-Induced Acute Tubulointerstitial Nephritis
Authors: Zheng Xi-zi , Gu Yang-hui , Su Tao , Zhou Xu-jie , Huang Jun-wen , Sun Ping-ping , Jia Yan , Xu Da-min , Wang Su-xia , Liu Gang , Yang Li 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: A renal biopsy is needed to define active inflammatory infiltration and guide therapeutic management in drug-induced acute tubulointerstitial nephritis (D-ATIN). However, factors such as various contraindications, refusal of informed consent and limited technical support may stop the biopsy process. It is thus of great importance to explore approaches that could deduce probable pathologic changes.Methods: A total of 81 biopsy-proven D-ATIN patients were enrolled from a prospective cohort of ATIN patients at Peking University First Hospital. The systemic inflammation score (SIS) was developed based on the CRP and ESR levels at biopsy, and patients were divided into high-SIS, median-SIS, and low-SIS groups. The demographic data, clinicopathologic features, and renal outcomes were compared.Results: The SIS was positively correlated with inflammatory cell infiltration and was inversely correlated with interstitial fibrosis. The number of interstitial inflammatory cells increased significantly with increasing SISs. The proportions of neutrophils and plasma cells were the highest in the high-SIS group compared with the other two groups. Prednisone (30–40 mg/day) was prescribed in all patients. The high-SIS group tended to have more favorable renal restoration than the other two groups. By 12 months postbiopsy, a decreased eGFR (<60 mL/min/1.73 m2) was observed in 66.7% of medium-SIS patients, 32.4% of high-SIS patients, and 30.4% of low-SIS patients.Conclusion: The SIS was positively correlated with active tubulointerstitial inflammation and therefore could help to aid therapeutic decisions in D-ATIN.