bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Transformation from Traditional Nonprofit Organizations to Social Enterprises: An Institutional Entrepreneurship Perspective
Authors: Ko Wai Wai , Liu Gordon 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe development of commercial revenue streams allows traditional nonprofit organizations to increase financial certainty in response to the reduction of traditional funding sources and increased competition. In order to capture commercial revenue-generating opportunities, traditional nonprofit organizations need to deliberately transform themselves into social enterprises. Through the theoretical lens of institutional entrepreneurship, we explore the institutional work that supports this transformation by analyzing field interviews with 64 institutional entrepreneurs from UK-based social enterprises. We find that the route to incorporate commercial processes and convert traditional nonprofit organizations into social enterprises requires six distinct kinds of institutional work at three different domains; these are—“engaging commercial revenue strategies”, “creating a professionalized organizational form”, and “legitimating a socio-commercial business model”. In elaborating on social entrepreneurship research and practice, we offer a comprehensive framework delineating the key practices contributing to the transformation from traditional nonprofit organizations to social enterprises. This extends our understanding of theex-antestrategy of incorporating commercial processes within social organizations. Furthermore, the identification of these practices also offers an important tool for scholars in this field to examine the connection (or disconnection) of each practice with different ethical concerns of social entrepreneurship in greater depth.
‘To Write? What’s This Torture For?’ Bronia Baum’s Manuscripts as Testimony to the Formation of a Writer, Activist, and Journalist
Authors: Lisek Joanna 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBronia (Breyndl) Baum (1896–1947) was an Orthodox Jewish writer, activist, and journalist. She was born into a Hasidic family in Tomaszów Mazowiecki, moved to Piotrków Trybunalski in 1918, and then to Łódź. In 1925, she left Poland for the Land of Israel. Among poems and articles that she published in Yiddish papers were “Der Yud,” “Dos Yidishe Togblat,” and “Beys Yankev.” She also wrote in Hebrew—“Bat Israel” and “Baderekh” are two examples—with her Hebrew writing collected in Ketavim le-bat Yisra’el, published in Tel Aviv in 1954. Baum energetically promoted women’s education, an active role for religious Jewish women, and a number of charities. This article analyzes Bronia Baum’s unpublished manuscripts from the years 1912 to 1921. They include a diary in Russian and poems in Polish and Yiddish, and together constitute a unique literary and historical document. Baum’s work is considered from five perspectives: (1) the critical importance of education; (2) the role of World War I in shaping and determining her opinions and worldview, and of antisemitism in developing her Zionist stance; (3) her position on tradition and religion; (4) feminist motifs in her manuscripts, along with her attitude toward men and her relations with women; and (5) her approach toward her own writing, her compulsion to write and its source.
The impact of role models on entrepreneurial intentions and behavior: a review of the literature
Authors: Abbasianchavari Arezou , Moritz Alexandra 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDespite the presence of the term ‘entrepreneurial role model’ (ERM) in the discourse on entrepreneurship, existing empirical evidence on the effects of role models is rather limited. By investigating 86 published journal articles, we provide a structured overview of the academic research on role models’ effects on entrepreneurial intentions and behavior. We reveal that prior research focuses particularly on different types of role models (by whom), at which stage of life (when) and in which context the exposure to role models occurs. We use these research areas to structure our review. By expanding the understanding of the current state of ERM research, we reveal research gaps and provide future research recommendations. Our work could help policy makers and educators consider the different types of role models, the sociocultural context and the life cycle stage of the participants in structuring their entrepreneurship education programs.
Unveiling magic from the middle ages: tomographic reading of a folded lead amulet from Dřevíč fortress (Czech Republic)
Authors: Vavřík Daniel , Knauber Konrad , Urbanová Daniela , Kumpová Ivana , Blažková Kateřina , Šámal Zdeněk 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe discovery of a singular magical leaden artefact from the Middle Ages in Central Bohemia provoked the ambition to visualize and decipher the text hidden inside while still keeping the object in its original folded state. To fulfil this goal, several X-ray tomographic scans were done in conjunction with advanced data processing. Though parts of the text still remain inaccessible or unclear, the Dřevíč amulet is the first medieval object of its kind ever to have been successfully virtually unfolded and read. Leaden amulets are still very rare and under-researched finds in the archaeological record, with just over a hundred surviving examples mainly found in Southern Scandinavia and Central Germany. They are testimonies to the once widespread practice of Christian curative magic with roots in older pagan traditions. Comparable charms and blessings are extant in countless medieval manuscripts, while similar amulets written on parchment and most other organic materials have not survived. The information gained through digital imaging revealed not only the amulet bearer’s name but also a number of yet unknown and personalized magic formulae destined to protect the bearer of the artefact unattested elsewhere.
Simulation of Fluid Particle Cutting: Validation and Case Study
Authors: Hlawitschka M. W. , Tiwari S. , Kwizera J. , Bart H.-J. , Klar A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn this paper we present the comparison of experiments and numerical simulations for bubble cutting by a wire. The air bubble is surrounded by water. In the experimental setup an air bubble is injected on the bottom of a water column. When the bubble rises and contacts the wire, it is separated into two daughter bubbles. The flow is modeled by the incompressible Navier–Stokes equations. A meshfree method is used to simulate the bubble cutting. We have observed that the experimental and numerical results are in very good agreement. Moreover, we have further presented simulation results for liquid with higher viscosity. In this case the numerical results are close to previously published results.
The Beneficial Effects of Cardiac Rehabilitation
Authors: Bellmann Barbara , Lin Tina , Greissinger Kathrin , Rottner Laura , Rillig Andreas , Zimmerling Sabine 
Published: January 2020

AbstractCardiac rehabilitation (CR) is a combined range of measures aimed at providing patients with cardiovascular disease with the optimum psychological and physical conditions so that they themselves can prevent their disease from progressing or potentially reversing its course. The following measures are the three main parts of CR: exercise training, lifestyle modification, and psychological intervention. The course of cardiac rehabilitation generally takes 3–4 weeks.
WeldForming: a new inline process combination to improve weld seam properties
Authors: Adams T.-E. , Härtel S. , Hälsig A. , Awiszus B. , Mayr P. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe high heat input during fusion welding leads to transformations of the microstructure in the area subjected to welding, mostly resulting in a heterogene crystalline structure and an overall deterioration of the mechanical properties. To reduce the detrimental effect, posttreatment processes which are typically separated from the actual welding process are state of the art. The present work shows the new methodology, WeldForming, which intends to eliminate subsequent treatment processes. The new in-line process combination harnesses the synergies of a welding and a rolling process to ultimately prevent the typical zone formation of the heat affected zone. Experimental investigations combined with a detailed numerical simulation of the coupled welding and forming process indicate the functional proof of the new methodology. The validation of the numerical model is carried out with the aid of temperature profiles, cross sections, and microstructure analysis as well as flow curves determined by upsetting tests on thermomechanical simulation systems.
Das Konzept der Interaktionsarbeit
Authors: Böhle Fritz , Weihrich Margit 
Published: January 2020

ZusammenfassungInteraktion spielt in der Arbeit an und mit Menschen eine besondere Rolle. Denn Menschen sind besondere „Arbeitsgegenstände“. Zum einen haben sie eigene Interessen und Bedürfnisse; zum zweiten ist es auch von ihrem Handeln abhängig, dass die Dienstleistung gelingt. In diesem Beitrag wird das integrierte Konzept der Interaktionsarbeit vorgestellt, das diese besondere Arbeit mit ihren Merkmalen erfasst. Dabei geht es um die voraussetzungsreiche Herstellung einer Kooperationsbeziehung, den Umgang mit den eigenen Gefühlen, die Beeinflussung der Gefühle der Kunden, Klienten und Patienten und den Umgang mit den Unwägbarkeiten, die zur Arbeit an und mit Menschen gehören. In der Hinführung zum Konzept wird der vorliegende Forschungsstand umrissen, und am Ende werden weiterführende Forschungsfragen gestellt.Praktische Relevanz: Das Konzept und die dadurch angeleitete empirische Forschung stellen wichtige Grundlagen für eine Gestaltung der Arbeit an und mit Menschen dar. Denn Arbeitsgestaltung richtet sich nach wie vor weitgehend an der Arbeit an der Produktion und Verwaltung aus. Sie muss den Besonderheiten der Interaktionsarbeit gerecht werden, damit Belastungen der Beschäftigten reduziert und gute Dienstleistung ermöglicht wird.
Simultaneous Immobilization of Zn(II) and Cr(III) in Spinel Crystals from Beneficial Utilization of Waste Brownfield-Site Soils
Authors: Wu Fei , Tang Yuanyuan , Lu Xingwen , Liu Chengshuai , Lv Yahui , Tong Hui , Ning Zengping , Liao Changzhong , Li Fangbai 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWaste brownfield-site soils contaminated with heavy metals such as Zn and Cr are of critical environmental concern because of the rapid urbanization and industrialization that is occurring in China. Thermal treatment can fix heavy metals in specific mineral structures, which might be a promising technology for remediation and reutilization of the metal-contaminated soils. The objective of the present study was to elucidate the stabilization mechanisms of Zn and Cr through thermal treatment of mixtures of ZnO + Cr2O3 to form ZnCr2O4 and to confirm that Zn and Cr were incorporated simultaneously into the spinel structure. The incorporation efficiency for Zn was quantified, with the value ranging from 70.6 to 100% over the temperature range 700–1300°C. Leaching results further confirmed that ZnCr2O4 spinel was a superior product for Zn and Cr immobilization. Then, by artificially sintering Zn- and Cr-enriched soils, both Zn and Cr were immobilized effectively (with three orders of magnitude reduction in Zn leachability) in the ZnCr2O4 spinel as the predominant product phase. In addition, multiple heavy metals such as Zn, Cu, and Cr in the actual brownfield-site soils were well immobilized after sintering, which confirmed the potential for practical application of the thermal treatment technology utilized in this study.
Dehn filling Dehn twists
Authors: Dahmani François , Hagen Mark , Sisto Alessandro 
Published: January 2020

AbstractLet$\Sigma _{g,p}$be the genus–goriented surface withppunctures, with eitherg> 0 orp> 3. We show that$MCG(\Sigma _{g,p})/DT$is acylindrically hyperbolic whereDTis the normal subgroup of the mapping class group$MCG(\Sigma _{g,p})$generated by$K^{th}$powers of Dehn twists about curves in$\Sigma _{g,p}$for suitableK.Moreover, we show that in low complexity$MCG(\Sigma _{g,p})/DT$is in fact hyperbolic. In particular, for 3g− 3 +p⩽ 2, we show that the mapping class group$MCG(\Sigma _{g,p})$is fully residually non-elementary hyperbolic and admits an affine isometric action with unbounded orbits on some$L^q$space. Moreover, if every hyperbolic group is residually finite, then every convex-cocompact subgroup of$MCG(\Sigma _{g,p})$is separable.The aforementioned results follow from general theorems about composite rotating families, in the sense of [13], that come from a collection of subgroups of vertex stabilizers for the action of a groupGon a hyperbolic graphX. We give conditions ensuring that the graphX/Nis again hyperbolic and various properties of the action ofGonXpersist for the action ofG/NonX/N.
Improving rapid multiplication of sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas L. (Lam) pre-basic seed using sandponics technology in East Africa
Authors: Wanjala Bramwel W. , Srinivasulu Rajendran , Makokha Phabian , Ssali Reuben T. , McEwan Margaret , Kreuze Jan F. , Low Jan W. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas, Convolvulaceae) is an important food crop in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Lack of access to quality sweetpotato planting material after sweetpotato limits utilization of market oriented improved clones and new varieties. Obtaining clean planting material in the right quantity and quality is a challenge in the SSA region. Farmers often obtain planting materials from their own sources with multiple rooting, drawn from a previous crop or neighbors and face the risk of it being infected with sweetpotato viruses. The objective of this study was to examine the economic and physical yield performance of sandponics multiplication method by comparing with conventional soil method using optimal N-nutrient inputs. The performance of five sweetpotato cultivars (Irene, Delvia, Tanzania, Gweri, and Kabode) in the modified prototype sweetpotato nutrient media was evaluated. Vine production utilizing modified sandponics nutrient media with trellised plants was compared to the conventionally used soil media. Analysis of variance indicated that the main effects of cultivar and substrate were highly significant (p < 0.0001) for nodes produced, vine multiplication rate (VMR), number of cuttings produced, and vine length. In addition, cultivar by substrate interaction was highly significant at 0.01 probability level for nodes produced, VMR, and vine length. Vine multiplication rate was 33% higher in the sandponics system compared to the conventional soil method of multiplying sweetpotato vines. Among the cultivars studied, Irene was the most favorable cultivar with a VMR of 65.2 in sand and 45.5 in soil. The cost-effectiveness analysis indicates that the cost per cutting (i.e., 3–4 nodes) produced from sandponics method was 4.6 KSH (US$ 0.046) as compared to 3.1 KSH (US$ 0.031) per cutting produced from conventional method. Sandponics system is competitive due to its capability of increased VMRs. However, the optimal number of ratooning needs to be investigated to understand the economies of scale in future research.
DNA barcoding reveals cryptic diversity and peculiar phylogeographic patterns in mojarras (Perciformes: Gerreidae) from the Caribbean and South-western Atlantic
Authors: Jacobina Uedson Pereira , Torres Rodrigo Augusto , de Mello Affonso Paulo Roberto Antunes , dos Santos Ewerton Vieira , Calado Leonardo Luiz , de Araújo Bitencourt Jamille 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe mojarras (Eucinostomus) are a widespread group of coastal fishes of controversial taxonomy because of similarities in their external morphology. In the present study, we assessed the genetic diversity of species and populations of Eucinostomus using DNA barcodes using a systematic and phylogeographic context. In total, 416 COI sequences of all valid Eucinostomus representatives were analysed based on public databases and collected specimens from the north-eastern coast of Brazil (Western South Atlantic). Several cases of misidentification were detected in the barcode dataset (E. argenteus, E. harengulus, E. gula, E. dowii and E. jonesii) that could account for the taxonomic issues in this genus. In contrast, we identified four molecular operational taxonomic units (MOTUs), with divergence above 2% in the Western Atlantic, that correspond to cryptic forms within E. argenteus, E. harengulus, E. gula and E. melanopterus. These data suggest that Plio-Pleistocene events (rise of the Panama isthmus, Amazonas outflow and sea-level fluctuations) played a major role in the diversification of mojarras. While subtle morphological differences have been used as proxies to discriminate Eucinostomus species, the genetic data proved to be efficient in differentiating them and revealing potentially undescribed taxa. Therefore, we recommend that further taxonomic studies in mojarras should incorporate DNA-based evidence.
Risk of psychotic disorders in migrants to Australia
Authors: O'Donoghue Brian , Downey Linglee , Eaton Scott , Mifsud Nathan , Kirkbride James B. , McGorry Patrick 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundCertain migrant groups are at an increased risk of psychotic disorders compared to the native-born population; however, research to date has mainly been conducted in Europe. Less is known about whether migrants to other countries, with different histories and patterns of migration, such as Australia, are at an increased risk for developing a psychotic disorder. We tested this for first-generation migrants in Melbourne, Victoria.MethodsThis study included all young people aged 15–24 years, residing in a geographically-defined catchment area of north western Melbourne who presented with a first episode of psychosis (FEP) to the Early Psychosis Prevention and Intervention Centre (EPPIC) between 1 January 2011 and 31 December 2016. Data pertaining to the at-risk population were obtained from the Australian 2011 Census and incidence rate ratios were calculated and adjusted for age, sex and social deprivation.ResultsIn total, 1220 young people presented with an FEP during the 6-year study period, of whom 24.5% were first-generation migrants. We found an increased risk for developing psychotic disorder in migrants from the following regions: Central and West Africa (adjusted incidence rate ratio [aIRR] = 3.53, 95% CI 1.58–7.92), Southern and Eastern Africa (aIRR = 3.06, 95% CI 1.99–4.70) and North Africa (aIRR = 5.03, 95% CI 3.26–7.76). Migrants from maritime South East Asia (aIRR = 0.39, 95% CI 0.23–0.65), China (aIRR = 0.25, 95% CI 0.13–0.48) and Southern Asia (aIRR = 0.44, 95% CI 0.26–0.76) had a decreased risk for developing a psychotic disorder.ConclusionThis clear health inequality needs to be addressed by sufficient funding and accessible mental health services for more vulnerable groups. Further research is needed to determine why migrants have an increased risk for developing psychotic disorders.
Revisiting McGovern-Fraser: Party Nationalization and the Rhetoric of Reform
Authors: SÁNCHEZ JAIME 
Published: January 2020

Abstract:The Democratic Party faced a crisis of political legitimacy in the late 1960s as distrust and protest permeated its electoral base. In response, the Democratic National Committee established the Commission on Party Structure and Delegate Selection, tasked with restructuring the party’s presidential nomination process. Contrary to the conventional historical narrative of the McGovern-Fraser Commission that has focused on a supposed displacement of the party’s old guard by radical insurgents, this article instead argues that the main impetus for reform came from national party leaders seeking to build up the legitimacy and authority of the National Committee. Commission Chair George McGovern and the DNC used a particular reform rhetoric that charged state parties with the corruption of the political process, necessitating rescue by an empowered national party. This focus on the nationalizing impulses behind McGovern-Fraser serves to shift our attention away from ideological struggles and toward institutional motives.
Interagency Cooperation in the Twilight of the Great Society: Telemedicine, NASA, and the Papago Nation
Authors: SIMPSON ANDREW T. , DOARN CHARLES R. , GARBER STEPHEN J. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract:NASA has put people in unique and extreme environments for over six decades. Supporting these individuals with a comprehensive health-care system has evolved over this period. As the Apollo program ended and NASA began to contemplate a space shuttle and space station program, societal pressures in the late 1960s and early 1970s caused federal agencies such as NASA to reconsider how to link the needs of the space program with a growing pressure to address societal needs by forging interagency partnerships. The Space Technology Applied to the Rural Papago Health Care (STARPAHC) project provides an example of how NASA sought to balance these two imperatives in an age of diminishing federal support. This project can provide lessons for today’s uncertain budgetary future for agencies such as NASA, which are once again being asked to find creative and innovative ways to support their missions while demonstrating their larger value to society.
Subduing the Mormons in Utah Territory: Foundation for theInsularCases
Authors: LINDBERG TIMOTHY 
Published: January 2020

Abstract:The conflict between the US government and the Mormons in Utah Territory during the second half of the nineteenth century reflected shifts in the American territorial system. Through a repudiation of religious practices and dismantling of the Latter-Day Saints’ Church as an institution, the federal government demonstrated a willingness and ability to interfere with and regulate traditional local issues such as marriage and religion. This provided a foundation for the changes to the territorial system outlined by the Supreme Court in the Insular Cases. Scholars have overlooked the continuities between earlier territorial policy and the post-Insular Cases colonial system. Linking the struggle over authority in Utah Territory with the outcome of the Insular Cases as a component of territorial policy history fills this gap and helps to illuminate the policy connections between continental expansion and overseas expansion.
The impact of the Pan-African-aged tectonothermal event on high-grade rocks at Mount Brown, East Antarctica
Authors: Liu Xiaochun , Fu Bin , Li Qiuli , Zhao Yue , Liu Jian , Chen Hong 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis study presents monazite and rutile U–Pb and hornblende and biotite40Ar/39Ar geochronological data for high-grade rocks of the eastern Grenville-aged Rayner orogen at Mount Brown in order to analyse the extent and degree of Pan-African-aged reworking. Monazite from paragneiss yields U–Pb ages of 910 Ma for larger granular grains and 670–630 Ma for smaller globular beads around garnet porphyroblasts or hosted by symplectites. Rutile from leucogneiss yields U–Pb ages of 520–515 Ma. Hornblende and biotite from different rock types yield40Ar/39Ar plateau ages of 744 and 520–505 Ma, respectively. Combining these results with published zircon U–Pb age data suggests that granulite facies metamorphism occurred at 910 Ma, with a local low-temperature fluid flow event at 670–630 Ma and thermal reworking at 520–505 Ma. The older age of 744 Ma may reflect cooling or partial resetting of the hornblende40Ar/39Ar system, indicating that Pan-African-aged reworking did not exceed temperatures much higher than the hornblende Ar closure temperature. These data also suggest that the complete isotopic resetting of some minerals may occur without the growth of new mineral phases, providing an example of the style of reworking that is likely to occur in polymetamorphic terranes.