bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing dental students' professional training satisfaction with operative dentistry teaching and curriculum: A study in Saudi Arabia.
Authors: Alqarni Mohammed 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
BackgroundEvaluating students' professional training satisfaction of operative dentistry teaching and curriculum can help identify their educational needs and improve the quality of the education imparted. This study aimed to assess the professional training satisfaction derived by senior undergraduate dental students in Saudi Arabia from the operative dentistry course teaching and its curriculum at different levels and among gender.Methods A total of 193 (109 male 56.48%; and 84 female 43.52%) students participated in a survey. The respondents were at the 10th, 11th, and 12th levels of the Operative Dentistry course in a ratio of 34.2%, 32.1%, and 33.7%, respectively. Data were collected from survey items (18 questions) covering six areas: Learning Objectives, Course Materials, Content Relevance, Instructor knowledge, Instructor delivery and Style, and Facility and environment. Descriptive and analytical tests were performed using SPSS Software 19, with the significance level set at 0.05.ResultsA high level of satisfaction was seen among Level 10 (68.18%), Level 11 (79.03%), and Level 12 (86.15%) students. A significant statistical difference was observed among Level 10 students with a low-level of satisfaction and a high level of satisfaction (p<0.05). The percentage of satisfaction increased with the level. A high level of satisfaction was seen among male (78.90%) and female (76.19%) students, with a total satisfaction level of 77.72%.Conclusion Continuous evaluation and assessment of teaching and curriculum can be a tool to improve the quality of education imparted, especially in clinical courses such as operative dentistry. This helps to prepare the students for their professional life as healthcare providers. The role of teaching skills related to amalgam has to be reevaluated. It is recommended to include student representation and participation in course development committees as they are the final recipients of the educational process.
Multitrophic Interactions Between Coccinellids and Their Parasitoids in Natural and Managed Plant Systems: Host Plant and Aphid Prey Species Matter
Authors: Rajput Imran Ali , Zalucki Myron P , Abro Ghulam Hussain , Furlong Michael J. , Ahmed Agha Mushtaque 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: To better inform conservation biological control of aphids multitrophic interactions between aphids, coccinellids and their parasitoids in natural and managed plant systems were examined over 4 years. Methods: Coccinellid larvae found naturally feeding on aphids on two non-crop plants growing in agricultural landscapes in Pakistan; Aphis nerii (Boyer de Fonscolombe) feeding on Calotropis procera L. and Nerium oleander L.; and four crop host; Lipaphis erysimi (Kalt) feeding on Eurica sativa Mill. and Brassica campestris L., Uroleucon compositae (Theobold) feeding on Carthamus tinctorius L., and Diuraphis noxia (Mordvilko) feeding on Hordeum vulgare L.; were collected throughout the aphid season and reared on their respective aphid-plant combination in the laboratory to identify coccinellid species, their parasitoids and performance (survival and pupal weight).Results: Coccinellid pupal weight on different host plant-aphid combinations varied from 3.4±1.8 to 11.2±0.9 mg (mean ± SE), as did mortality of coccinellid larvae due to diseases and unknown causes (5±2.2 to 31±3.8%). Parasitism of coccinellid larvae by Homalotylus flaminus (Dalman) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) ranged from ca 10±2 to 30±3% in B. campestris and E. sativa, respectively. Parasitism of coccinellid pupae by Oomyzus scaposus (Thomson) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) ranged between 17±2.7 (C. procera) to 41±2.9% (B. compestris). One Dinocampus coccinellae Schrank (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) was reared. Conclusions: Coccinellids were host plant and aphid selective. Some coccinellids were never or rarely recorded on a particular aphid-plant combination, suggesting that their prey selection more specific than often assumed. Management decision and conservation biological control cannot be based on superficial categories such as “aphids” and “coccinellids” but needs to be plant and species specific.
Dysregulated Circulating micro RNAs Markers: New Evidence into Expression Pattern in Children with T1D among Egyptian Population
Authors: Barseem Naglaa , Mahasab Marwa , Gayed Eman Abd El 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: miRNAs are gaining access as promising markers for a variety of autoimmune disorders yet, deviations between individuals at risk or developed T1D remains to be thoroughly explored. Objective: to study the pattern of miRNA expression profiling in plasma obtained from patients with T1D and the matched control subjectsPatients and Methods: equally divided numbers of T1D patients (90) and apparently healthy-matched control children (90) were analyzed for their expression profile of plasma miRNAs; miR-101-5p, 146-5p, 21-5p, miR-375, miR-126, and Let7a-5p by reverse transcriptase (RT-PCR) through quantitative real time technique.Results: the two studied groups were significantly different in respect to their biochemical parameters; FBG, 2hpp and HbA1c levels (p<0.05). Among the deregulated molecules, miR-101, miR-21 and-375 were highly expressed, whereas, miR-146-5p, miR-126 and miR-Let7a-5p showed significant low levels of expression in patients compared to control subjects (p<0.05). MiR-101, miR-146 were significantly correlated to age at diagnosis of T1D and disease duration respectively. Furthermore, miR-126, -Let7a-5p showed significant negative correlation with meanA1C values, the matter that was confined by multivariate analysis.Conclusion: dysregulation of the analyzed six micro RNAs pointed out to their pivotal role to be important biomarkers for T1D development.
Beet (Beta vulgaris L.) Stalk and Leaf Supplementation Improves Glucose Homeostasis and Insulin Resistance Markers in Liver of Mice Exposed to a High-Fat Diet
Authors: Lorizola Isabela Micheletti , Miyamoto Josiane Érica , Vieira Ana Luiza Figueiredo , Sumere Beatriz Rocchetti , Bezerra Rosângela Maria Neves , Torsoni Marcio Alberto , Torsoni Adriana Souza , Rostagno Mauricio Ariel , Milanski Marciane , Capitani Caroline Dário 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background Although beet stalks and leaves are not consumed and are usually discarded, they are an important source of bioactive flavonoids possessing antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, which could be explored to prevent metabolic disorders associated with an unhealthy diet. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of supplementation with beet (Beta vulgaris L.) stalks and leaves on metabolic parameters and glucose homeostasis in mice exposed to a high-fat diet.Methods Six-week-old male Swiss mice were randomly divided into five experimental groups submitted to either standard diet (CT) or high-fat diet (HF), and HF-fed mice were subdivided into three treatment groups supplemented with oven-dehydrated beet stalks and leaves (SL), lyophilized beet stalks and leaves (Ly) or beet stalk and leaf extract (EX).Results Supplementation with SL was able to ameliorate glucose homeostasis (P < 0.05) with no alteration in hepatic triglyceride content. It remains to be clarified if the enhancement in the glucose homeostasis observed in HFSL could be a consequence of improvement in pancreatic insulin secretion and/or glucose uptake from skeletal muscle and white adipose tissues.Conclusions The current results suggest that beet stalks and leaves could be used as adjuvants to improve parameters related to glucose metabolism in the liver.
Intrinsic Molecular Subtyping of Breast Cancer In Low Resource Setting
Authors: Derkyi-Kwarteng Leonard , Agyemang-Yeboah Francis , Fondjo Linda Ahenkorah , Imbeah Emmanuel Gustav , Gyan Eric , Akakpo Patrick Kafui 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background

Immunohistochemistry is an invaluable technique used clinically in the characterisation of breast cancer in various intrinsic subtypes. Such characterisation into the intrinsic subtypes is of great prognostic value in the management of breast cancer.
Methodology

Two hundred and seventy-six cases of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue blocks were selected from 2012–2016 cases from Korle Bu Teaching Hospital (KBTH). The hormonal markers Estrogen Receptor (ER), Progesterone Receptor (PR), HER 2 and Ki67 were determined for cases using a semi-automated immunohistochemical method with commercially prepared antibodies from BioSB.
Results

The commonest intrinsic molecular subtype is luminal type A (42.2%), luminal B (12.3%), Her 2+ (10.5) and TNBC (35.0%). There is a significant association between tumour size and all the intrinsic subtypes (P < 0.05). The luminal type A and B were associated with size < 5 cm while TNBC was associated with size ≥ 5 cm. Ki67 was unfavourable for 65.5% of the cases with 21.8% favourable and 12.7% being borderline. The various subtypes are significantly associated with vascular invasion.
Discussion and conclusion

This study has shown that a greater percentage of breast cancer among Ghanaian patients are hormonal positive and should have done well on hormonal treatment but did not because of the late presentation and tumour characteristics. The study confirmed previous results of the higher incidence of TNBC in African women as compared to other ethnic groups.
Favored location of a stabilizing screw for syndesmotic diastasis: Recommendation based on clinical and theoretical considerations
Authors: Wu Chi-Chuan , Yeh Wen-Ling , Lee Po-Cheng , Chou Ying-Chao , Hsu Yung-Heng , Yu Yi-Hsun 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background Although ankle injuries are common, combined malleolar fractures and syndesmotic diastasis (SD) are relatively fewer. The optimal technique for syndesmotic stabilization has yet achieved consensus. The favored location of a stabilizing screw for SD was investigated clinically and theoretically. Methods For the 10-year period, 63 consecutive adult patients with combined injuries were retrospectively studied. After malleolar fractures were internally stabilized with screws and plates, stress tests were performed to re-confirm syndesmotic instability. The diastatic syndesmosis was stabilized with cortical screws under image intensifier guidance. In the present study, only patients with one syndesmotic screw (55 patients) were enrolled and divided into the trans-syndesmotic (TR) or the supra-syndesmotic (SU) group. Clinical and functional outcomes between the two groups were compared. The favored location was speculated consequently.Results Forty-eight patients were followed for at least one year (average, 1.8 years; range, 1.0-7.0 years). The TR group included 31 patients and the SU group, 17 patients. All clinical and functional comparisons were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Conclusions Although statistical comparison is insignificant, TR screw insertion possesses biomechanical and biological merits. Unable to reveal advantages of TR screw insertion in clinical and functional comparisons may be imputed to insufficient sample sizes and early screw removal. Practically, TR insertion of a screw with late removal (> 3 months) may be a better choice.
COVID-19 Lockdown: Lessons learnt using multiple air quality monitoring station data from Kolkata City in India
Authors: Ghosh Nabanita , Roy Abhisek , Bose Devdyuti , Das Nandini , Debsarkar Anupam , Roy Joyashree 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
On March 16, 2020, Kolkata, a megacity located in the eastern part of India announced partial lockdown due to COVID-19 crisis ahead of the India-wide lockdown pronouncement with effect from March 25, 2020. This study presents an analysis for multiple pollutants with special focus on NO2 and O3, based on data from different monitoring stations located across Kolkata city, for the period of 16 March- 17 May 2020. A comparison was done with the pre-lockdown period of 1st February – 15th March 2020. Most significant reduction was observed in the concentration of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) (- 76.8%), volatile organic compounds (VOCs) (- 69.5%), PM10 (- 64.6%) and PM2.5 (- 60.9%). A lower percentage reduction was found for CO, sulfur dioxide (SO2) and ammonia (- 48.6%, - 41.7% and – 41.1% respectively). However, during partial lockdown, Lockdown Phase-1, Phase -2, and Phase -3 surface-level ozone (O3) has changed respectively by 31.72%, 31.13%, -14.28% and -14.05% ; which resulted in an overall increase of 8.17% in the entire study period. The Air Quality Index (AQI) in Kolkata which was poor or very poor in the past even during lockdown period it failed to attain the ‘good’ standard. This needs special attention in human health impact assessment and public health management. We recommend that for policy attention and education/awareness-building efforts additional attention needs to be drawn towards stickiness in O3 which have adverse human health and which went up during lockdown period compared to pre-lockdown period. We highlight some major policy implications of the observed trends to combat city air pollution along with climate co-benefits by shifting transport fuel and related infrastructure. These observations over several months provide a good database for any future air pollution control policy formulation and many more future research.
Effect of Cardiopulmonary Bypass Machine on the Platelet Function Testing.
Authors: AlSaleh Khalid A. , AlBakr Rashed B. , AlBacker Turki B. , AlNazer Rakan , Almomen Abdulkareem , Khoja Osama T. , Owaidah Tarek 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Bleeding during coronary artery bypass surgery is a leading cause of mortality. Several factors have been associated with bleeding, platelet dysfunction being the most significant.Objective: to assess the effect of cardiopulmonary bypass machine (CPB) during cardiac surgery on platelet function using Platelet Function Analyzers (PFA-100), and Multiplate Electrode Aggregometry (MEA), and correlating that with a drop in Hemoglobin (Hb).Methods: Whole blood samples were collected preoperative and sixty minutes intraoperatively of different cardiac procedures utilizing (CPB) and tested for platelet function by PFA-100 and MEA. Complete blood count was measured using an automated hematology analyzer.Results: A significant difference was found between pre- and intraoperative ADP and EPI measurement in PFA-100, where preoperative PFA-ADP values displayed the ability to predict the intra-op drop in Hb (P–value 0.01, correlation coefficient 0.4699). At the same time, pre-op MEA- Ristocetin and TRAP showed an inverse correlation with an intra-op drop in Hb (-0.31 and -0.36). Conclusion: The current study reported significant changes in platelet dysfunction in cardiac surgeries with CPB, measured by two modalities PFA-100, and MEA. While PFA-100 and MEA both detected the changes in platelet dysfunction due to CPB, PFA-100 results were sensitive and positively predicted intra-op Hb drop as compared to MEA. There was a significant change in Hb one hour into the CPB, indicating that platelet transfusion might help decrease Intra- and postoperative bleeding independent of the platelet count as they are dysfunctional. PFA-100 results can be relied upon for distinction of high-risk cardiac surgery patients for bleeding and can be used for clinical decision making to improve patient outcome.
'Dissonant' Heritage of Cold War Modernism or European Heritage of Modernist Architecture of the second half the 20th century in conservation perspective: residential houses of Katowice, Poland - a case study
Authors: Żmudzińska-Nowak Magdalena , Krause Magdalena , Bródka Jakub 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The authors have withdrawn this preprint due to author disagreement.
Diagnostic Yields of Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine-Needle Tissue Acquisition according to the Gastric Location
Authors: Kim Dong Hyun , Park Chang-Hwan , Park Seon-Young , Cho Eunae , Kim Hyun Soo , Choi Sung Kyu 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
AimThe histologic diagnosis of sub-epithelial tumors (SETs) in stomach has been achieved via endoscopic or surgical resection. We evaluated the efficacy of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle tissue acquisition (EUS-FNTA) for the diagnosis of gastric SETs according to the gastric location.MethodThirty-three patients diagnosed with gastric SETs via EUS-FNTA from January 2016 to May 2018 were analyzed retrospectively. Demographic characteristics, diagnostic yields and complications were evaluated.ResultsNineteen patients (57.6%) were female, with a median age of 57.7 years. EUS revealed a mean longitudinal diameter of 25.6 mm. The most common location of SETs was gastric body (n = 18, 54.5%), followed by cardia and fundus (n = 10, 30.3%), and antrum (n = 5, 15.2%). Twenty-gauge biopsy needle was used most frequently (90.9%). The diagnostic yield was obtained in 23 patients (69.7%). The most common diagnosis was gastrointestinal stromal tumor (69.5%), followed by leiomyoma (13.0%), and ectopic pancreas (8.7%). The diagnostic yield of SETs in gastric antrum (0/5, 0%) was significantly lower than in the gastric body and cardia (23/28, 82.1%, p = 0.001). A case of immediate bleeding after EUS-FNTA occurred in one patient (3.0%) who recovered uneventfully. According to studies reported in English literature, the overall diagnostic yield of SETs in gastric antrum was significantly lower than in the gastric body, fundus, and cardia (29.7% vs. 71.4%, p < 0.001, n = 191)ConclusionsAlthough EUS-FNTA is an advanced diagnostic tool for gastric SETs, it is essential to develop more effective methods for the diagnosis of antral SETs.
Laparoscopic Radical Antegrade Modular Pancreatosplenectomy: Preliminary Experience with 10 Cases
Authors: Zhang Renchao , Gan Xin-Jun , Song Wei , Shi Song-Tao , Yu Hui-Fang , Mou Yi-Ping 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe radical antegrade modular pancreatosplenectomy (RAMPS) which is a reasonable surgical approach for left-sided pancreatic cancer is emphasis on the complete resection of regional lymph nodes and tumor-free margin resection. Laparoscopic radical antegrade modular pancreatosplenectomy(LRAMPS) has been rarely performed, with only 49 cases indexed on PubMed. In this study, we present our experience of LRAMPS.MethodsFrom December 2018 to February 2020, 10 patients underwent LRAMPS for pancreatic cancer at our department. The data of the patient demographics, intraoperative variables, postoperative hospital stay, morbidity, mortality, pathologic findings and follow-up were collected.ResultsLRAMPS was performed successfully in all the patients. The median operative time was 235 minutes (range, 212–270 min), with an EBL of 120 ml(range,100–200 ml). Postoperative complications occurred in 5 (50.0%) patients. Three patients developed a grade B pancreatic fistula. There was no postoperative 30-day mortality and reoperation. The median postoperative hospital stay was 14 days (range, 9- 24d).The median count of retrieved lymph nodes was 15 (range, 13–21), and four patients (40%) had malignant-positive lymph nodes. All cases achieved a negative tangential margin and R0 resection. Median follow-up time was 11 months (range, 3–14 m). Two patients developed disease recurrence(pancreatic bed recurrence and liver metastasis) 9 months,10 months after surgery,respectively. Others survived without tumor recurrence or metastasis.ConclusionsLRAMPS is technically safe and feasible procedure in well-selected patients with pancreatic cancer in the distal pancreas. The oncologically outcomes need to be further validated based on additional large-volume studies.
Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of NBS-encoding Genes in Raphanus Sativus L. And Their Roles Related to Fusarium Oxysporum Resistance
Authors: Ma Yinbo , Chhapekar Sushil Satish , Lu Lu , Oh Sangheon , Singh Sonam , Kim Chang Soo , Kim Seungho , Choi Gyung Ja , Lim Yong Pyo , Choi Su Ryun 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: The nucleotide-binding site–leucine-rich repeat (NBS-LRR) genes are important for plant development and disease resistance. Although genome-wide studies of NBS-encoding genes have been performed in several species, the evolution, structure, expression, and function of these genes remain unknown in radish (Raphanus sativus L.). A recently released draft R. sativus L. reference genome has facilitated the genome-wide identification and characterization of NBS-encoding genes in radish.Results: A total of 225 NBS-encoding genes were identified in the radish genome, with 202 mapped onto nine chromosomes and the remaining 23 localized on different scaffolds. According to a gene structure analysis, we identified 99 NBS-LRR-type genes and 126 partial NBS-encoding genes. Additionally, 80 and 19 genes respectively encoded an N-terminal Toll/interleukin-like domain and a coiled-coil domain. Furthermore, 72% of the 202 NBS-encoding genes were grouped in 48 clusters distributed in 24 crucifer blocks on chromosomes. The U block on chromosomes R02, R04, and R08 had the most NBS-encoding genes (48), followed by the R (24), D (23), E (23), and F (17) blocks. These clusters were mostly homogeneous, containing NBS-encoding genes derived from a recent common ancestor. Tandem (15 events) and segmental (20 events) duplications were revealed in the NBS family. Comparative evolutionary analyses of orthologous genes reflected the importance of the NBS-LRR gene family during evolution. Moreover, examinations of cis-elements identified 70 major elements involved in responses to methyl jasmonate, abscisic acid, auxin, and salicylic acid. According to RNA-seq expression analyses, 75 NBS-encoding genes contributed to the resistance of radish to Fusarium wilt. A quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed that RsTNL03 (Rs093020) and RsTNL09 (Rs042580) expression positively regulates radish resistance to Fusarium oxysporum, in contrast to the negative regulatory role for RsTNL06 (Rs053740).Conclusions: The NBS-encoding gene structures, tandem and segmental duplications, synteny, and expression profiles in radish were elucidated for the first time and compared with those of other Brassicaceae species (Arabidopsis thaliana, Brassica oleracea, and Brassica rapa) to clarify the evolution of the NBS gene family. These results may be useful for functionally characterizing NBS-encoding genes in radish.