bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Post-polypectomy colonoscopy surveillance: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Guideline – Update 2020
Authors: Hassan Cesare , Antonelli Giulio , Dumonceau Jean-Marc , Regula Jaroslaw , Bretthauer Michael , Chaussade Stanislas , Dekker Evelien , Ferlitsch Monika , Gimeno-Garcia Antonio , Jover Rodrigo , Kalager Mette , Pellisé Maria , Pox Christian , Ricciardiello Luigi , Rutter Matthew , Helsingen Lise Mørkved , Bleijenberg Arne , Senore Carlo , van Hooft Jeanin E. , Dinis-Ribeiro Mario , Quintero Enrique 
Published: June 2020

Main RecommendationsThe following recommendations for post-polypectomy colonoscopic surveillance apply to all patients who had one or more polyps that were completely removed during a high quality baseline colonoscopy.
1 ESGE recommends that patients with complete removal of 1 – 4 < 10 mm adenomas with low grade dysplasia, irrespective of villous components, or any serrated polyp < 10 mm without dysplasia, do not require endoscopic surveillance and should be returned to screening.Strong recommendation, moderate quality evidence.If organized screening is not available, repetition of colonoscopy 10 years after the index procedure is recommended.Strong recommendation, moderate quality evidence.
2 ESGE recommends surveillance colonoscopy after 3 years for patients with complete removal of at least 1 adenoma ≥ 10 mm or with high grade dysplasia, or ≥ 5 adenomas, or any serrated polyp ≥ 10 mm or with dysplasia. Strong recommendation, moderate quality evidence.
3 ESGE recommends a 3 – 6-month early repeat colonoscopy following piecemeal endoscopic resection of polyps ≥ 20 mm.Strong recommendation, moderate quality evidence. A first surveillance colonoscopy 12 months after the repeat colonoscopy is recommended to detect late recurrence.Strong recommendation, high quality evidence.
4 If no polyps requiring surveillance are detected at the first surveillance colonoscopy, ESGE suggests to perform a second surveillance colonoscopy after 5 years. Weak recommendation, low quality evidence.After that, if no polyps requiring surveillance are detected, patients can be returned to screening.
5 ESGE suggests that, if polyps requiring surveillance are detected at first or subsequent surveillance examinations, surveillance colonoscopy may be performed at 3 years. Weak recommendation, low quality evidence.A flowchart showing the recommended surveillance intervals is provided (Fig. 1).
Correlation Between Serum TSH Levels Within Normal Range and Serum Lipid Profile
Authors: Luxia Liu , Jingfang Liu , Songbo Fu , Xulei Tang , Lihua Ma , Weiming Sun , Ying Niu , Gaojing Jing , Qianglong Niu , Yujuan Li , Dan Wu , Fang Yang , Huiping Guo , Pei Song 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe aim of the work was to investigate the correlation between serum TSH (thyrotropin) levels within normal range and serum lipids. A total of 1962 subjects with normal thyroid function were enrolled. The subjects were divided into four groups according to the quartiles of serum normal TSH levels, [Q1 (0.27–1.68) mIU/l, Q2 (1.69–2.35) mIU/l, Q3 (2.36–3.07) mIU/l, and Q4 (3.08–4.20) mIU/l]. The effect of serum normal TSH levels on serum lipid profiles of different age or gender was analyzed. The total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels of the Q3 group and TG levels of the Q4 group were higher than those of the Q1 group in youth (p <0.05). The TC levels of the Q3 group were higher than those of the Q2 group in middle age (p <0.05). The LDL-C levels of middle age or elderly were higher than those of youth at the same TSH levels (p <0.05), while the TC levels of middle age were higher than those of youth in Q1, Q3, or Q4 group (p <0.05), and the TC and HDL-C levels of elderly were higher than those of youth in the Q2 group (p <0.05). The TG levels of the Q3 group were higher than those of Q1 group in males (p <0.05). The LDL-C levels of the Q3 group were higher than those of the Q1 group in females (p <0.05). In conclusion, the normal serum TSH levels were found to be closely related to serum lipid profiles, and with increasing TSH levels, serum lipids levels increased gradually.
Method Development and Validation of UV Spectrophotometric Method for
the Quantitative Estimation of Curcumin in Simulated Nasal Fluid
Authors: Sharma Sherry , Sharma Jai Bharti , Bhatt Shailendra , Kumar Manish 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background Curcumin is a polyphenolic compound with numerous therapeutic
activities. There is no validated method available for the quantitative
estimation of curcumin in simulated nasal fluid.
Objective The aim of present investigation was to develop a simple and
precise UV visible spectrophotometric method for estimation of pure form of
curcumin in simulated nasal fluid.
Method Suitable solvent system was selected by estimation of curcumin at
UV maxima of 421nm in simulated nasal fluid with two surfactants (tween 80 and
sodium lauryl sulphate). The double beam UV visible spectrophotometer was used
for measurement of absorption. The selected solvent system was further validated
according to guidelines of international conference on harmonization (ICH), the
analytical parameter like linearity, precision and accuracy etc. were
studied.
Results Simulated nasal fluid with tween 80 at 1% concentration
satisfied all the conditions relative to Peak quality at the stated wavelength.
In developed method, curcumin was found to be linear over selected concentration
range of 5 to 60µg/ml with a correlation coefficient of 0.998.
The accuracy was found to be in range of
99.51 –100.223%.The precision was found to be less than
2 in terms of % RSD. The LOD & LOQ were 0.3657 & 1.109
respectively.
Conclusion The proposed method was found to be simple, sensitive and
precise. The most important this method can be used for routine quality control
analysis of curcumin with accuracy.
Fetal Meconium Peritonitis – Prenatal Findings and Postnatal Outcome: A Case Series, Systematic Review, and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Shinar Shiri , Agrawal Swati , Ryu Michelle , Van Mieghem Tim , Daneman Alan , Ryan Greg , Zani Augusto , Chiu Priscilla , Chitayat David 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Purpose To describe the postnatal outcome of fetal meconium peritonitis and identify prenatal predictors of neonatal surgery.
Methods We retrospectively reviewed all fetuses with ultrasound findings suspicious for meconium peritonitis at a single center over a 10-year period. A systematic review and meta-analysis were then performed pooling our results with previous studies assessing prenatally diagnosed meconium peritonitis and postnatal outcome. Prenatal sonographic findings were analyzed to identify predictors for postnatal surgery.
Results 34 cases suggestive of meconium peritonitis were diagnosed at our center. These were pooled with cases from 14 other studies yielding a total of 244 cases. Postnatal abdominal surgery was required in two thirds of case (66.5 %). The strongest predictor of neonatal surgery was meconium pseudocyst (OR [95 % CI] 6.75 [2.53–18.01]), followed by bowel dilation (OR [95 % CI] 4.17 [1.93–9.05]) and ascites (OR [95 % CI] 2.57 [1.07–5.24]). The most common cause of intestinal perforation and meconium peritonitis, found in 52.2 % of the cases, was small bowel atresia. Cystic fibrosis was diagnosed in 9.8 % of cases. Short-term neonatal outcomes were favorable, with a post-operative mortality rate of 8.1 % and a survival rate of 100 % in neonates not requiring surgery.
Conclusion Meconium pseudocysts, bowel dilation, and ascites are prenatal predictors of neonatal surgery in cases of meconium peritonitis. Fetuses with these findings should be delivered in centers with pediatric surgery services. Though the prognosis is favorable, cystic fibrosis complicates postnatal outcomes.
Microsurgical Cisternostomy for Treating Critical Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury - An alternative Therapeutic Approach
Authors: Campos Paiva Aline Lariessy , Vitorino Araujo João Luiz , Lovato Renan Maximilian , Veiga José Carlos Esteves 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Introduction Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of mortality around the world. Few advances regarding surgical approaches have been made in the past few years to improve its outcomes. Microsurgical cisternostomy is a well-established technique used in vascular and skull base surgery and recently emerges as a suitable procedure with lesser costs and morbidity when compared with decompressive craniectomy in patients with diffuse TBI. This study aims to describe the technique, indications, and limitations of cisternostomy and to compare it with decompressive craniectomy (DC).
Methods A prospective study is being conducted after obtaining approval of the local human ethics research committee. Once the inclusion and exclusion criteria are applied, the patients are submitted to microsurgical cisternostomy, pre and postoperative neurological status and brain computed tomography (CT) evaluation. A detailed review was also performed, which discusses diffuse TBI, DC, and cisternostomy for the treatment of TBI.
Results Two patients were submitted to cisternostomy after TBI and the presence of acute subdural hematoma and huge midline shift at admission computed tomography. The surgery was authorized by the family (the informed consent form was signed). Both patients evolved with a good recovery after the procedure, and had a satisfactory control brain CT. No further surgeries were required after the initial cisternostomy.
Conclusions Cisternostomy is an adequate technique for the treatment of selected patients affected by diffuse TBI, and it is a proper alternative to DC with lesser costs and morbidity, since a single neurosurgical procedure is performed. A prospective study is being conducted for a better evaluation and these were the initial cases of this new protocol.
Do Blood Cell Parameters have a Predictive Role in the Etiology and Severity Pediatric Antrochoanal Polyp Cases?
Authors: Özçelik Korkmaz Müge , Çelik Bilgehan , Turan Fatih , Güven Mehmet , Güven Ebru 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIntroduction There are no definitive parameters to guide the etiology and severity of pediatric antrochoanal polyps.Objective The aim of our study is to compare the values of blood cell distribution parameters in cases of pediatric antrochoanal polyps (ACPs) with those of the control group. These values may be guiding parameters in determining the etiology of ACPs and evaluating the severity of the disease and the risk of recurrence.Methods Blood count values of patients operated for pediatric ACPs were retrospectively analyzed and compared with the data of the control group with the same age and gender distribution. The ACPs group was divided into subgroups in terms of inflammation, severity, and recurrence, and these subgroups were statistically compared as well.Results When the ACP patient group and the control group were compared, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups. When we compared the patients considering the CT findings, there was a statistically significant difference between the stage III patients and the control group in terms of mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) values (p < 0.05 in both). Similarly, the MPV and PLR values were significantly higher in the recurrence patient group than in the control group. (p < 0.05 in both).Conclusion As a result of the data obtained, it can be suggested that inflammatory parameters in pediatric cases of ACPs vary in terms of recurrence and the severity of the disease.
Sleep lifestyle correlate of dizziness among teachers
Authors: Ciquinato Daiane Soares de Almeida , Gibrin Paula Carolina Dias , Félix Carla Juliana Lotti , Bazoni Jessica Aparecida , Marchiori Luciana Lozza de Moraes 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Introduction Some studies have shown associations between sleep quality and dizziness. However, this association has not been investigated in teachers.
Objective To verify a possible association between dizziness complaint and sleep quality in teachers.
Methods Cross-sectional study developed with 96 school teachers (mean age of 47.8 ± 9.8 years). To assess dizziness, an audiological assessment was performed, which was the same one used in routine audiological care (Miller protocol). The dizziness handicap inventory (DHI) was applied to those individuals who reported dizziness. To evaluated sleep quality, the Pittsburgh sleep quality index was used.
Results The prevalence of dizziness was 22.9% (n = 22). Of these, 77.3% (n = 17) were women, 63.6% (n = 14) demonstrated poor sleep quality, and 54.5% (n = 12) were young adults (27–48 years). In the comparison between the dizziness and the control groups, no statistically significant differences were found (p> 0.05). The analysis adjusted for the confounding variables showed a difference for men in the sleep efficiency variable (p = 0.043); young adults showed a statistically significant difference in the total score (p = 0.021) and total sleep time (p = 0.029). There was a moderate correlation between DHI and total time in bed (p = 0.036, r = 0.497) and DHI and sleep efficiency (p = 0.014; r = -0.582).
Conclusion Dizziness influences the quality of sleep in teachers, especially that of the youngest and male patients. There was a moderate correlation between total time in bed, sleep efficiency, and DHI, demonstrating that sleep quality should be considered an important factor in the assessment and rehabilitation process of dizziness.
Cerebellar Dysplastic Gangliocytoma: Case Report
Authors: Mesquita Filho Paulo Moacir , Susin Katriane , Köhler Luiza Rech , Devens Leticia Bassani , Schwingel Daniela , Giacomelli Richard , Manzato Luciano Bambini , Azambuja Júnior Nério Dutra 
Published: June 2020

AbstractLhermitte-Duclos disease (LDD), or cerebellar dysplastic gangliocytoma, is a rare type of cerebellar tumor, from unknown origin. Patients can be asymptomatic for several years, but there are usually imprecise neurological signs for long periods.
Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 and Metabolic Dysfunction in Women with a Prior Glucose-Intolerant Pregnancy
Authors: Durnwald Celeste , Mele Lisa , Landon Mark B. , Varner Michael W. , Casey Brian M. , Reddy Uma M. , Wapner Ronald J. , Rouse Dwight J. , Tita Alan T. N. , Thorp John M. , Chien Edward K. , Saade George R. , Peaceman Alan M. , Blackwell Sean C. ,   for the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health Human Development (NICHD) Maternal Fetal Medicine Units (MFMU) Network
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Objective We sought to determine if there is an association between fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) levels and a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in women with and without metabolic dysfunction, defined as a diagnosis of metabolic syndrome or type 2 diabetes (T2DM), 5 to 10 years following participation in a multiple cohort GDM study.
Study Design At 5 to 10 years after index pregnancy, women underwent a follow-up visit and were categorized as having no metabolic syndrome, metabolic syndrome, or T2DM. FGF21 levels were compared between women who did and did not have a history of GDM using multivariable linear regression.
Results Among 1,889 women, 950 underwent follow-up and 796 had plasma samples analyzed (413 GDM and 383 non-GDM). Total 30.7% of women had been diagnosed with T2DM or metabolic syndrome. Overall, there was no difference in median FGF21 levels in pg/mL between the prior GDM and non-GDM groups (p = 0.12), and the lack of association was observed across all three metabolic categories at follow-up (p for interaction = 0.70).
Conclusion There was no association between FGF21 levels and prior history of mild GDM in women with and without metabolic dysfunction 5 to 10 years after the index pregnancy (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00069576, original trial).
Analysis of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit Admissions for Crimean–Congo Hemorrhagic Fever in Turkey
Authors: Yilmaz Resul , Karaaslan Erhan , Albayrak Suleyman Ekrem , Gul Ali , Kasap Tuba 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjective The aim of this study was to determine the clinical characteristics, course of disease, and outcomes of patients admitted to our pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) for Crimean–Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF).Methods Data of all patients with CCHF who were admitted to PICU during a 3-year period and whose diagnosis was confirmed by serological methods or polymerase chain reaction were retrospectively reviewed. Their presenting characteristics, treatments, and outcomes were extracted from the hospital's electronic database. Disease severity scoring was performed using the severity scoring index and severity grading score system.Results The data of 22 of 123 patients with suspected CCHF who were admitted to PICU were evaluated. Among them, 68.2% were males and mean age of all patients was 13.4 ± 2.2 years. The average length of stay of 10 patients was >10 days. On average, 3.72 units of platelet suspension per patient was transfused. In the course of the disease, the highest laboratory values were reached on day 3 of admission.Conclusion Poor CCHF outcome depends on thrombocytopenia severity, prolonged coagulation tests, high-liver enzyme levels, and disseminated intravascular coagulation. Poor outcomes can be avoided by CCHF awareness and preparedness, early diagnosis of the disease, and supportive treatment with appropriate fluid and blood product transfusion. Randomized controlled trials on prophylactic transfusion and ribavirin use are needed.
Management of Gastric and Ectopic Varices: The Endoscopist's Perspective
Authors: Henry Zachary 
Published: June 2020

AbstractGastric and Ectopic varices are a rare complication of portal hypertension and represent a complex, heterogeneous system of vascular shunts. Bleeding from these shunts can be severe and life-threatening, with poorly standardized treatment algorithms to follow in their management. When bleeding occurs, it is important to follow standard diagnostic procedures for portal hypertensive bleeding and always obtain imaging of the underlying vascular anatomy to help guide therapy. Potential treatment methods will depend on these imaging findings as well as the location of the varix within the gastrointestinal tract. While gastric varices have more data to support specific treatment options, duodenal and rectal varices have only case reports and case series to guide their care. In addition, stomal varices are a very rare complication of portal hypertension and have limited data to support any one treatment modality. Gastric and ectopic varices are best approached in a multidisciplinary fashion after discussion with hepatologists and interventional radiologists to overcome the uncertainty in choosing a definitive therapy.
The role of carbonic anhydrases in extinction of contextual fear memory
Authors: Schmidt Scheila Daiane , Costa Alessia , Rani Barbara , Godfried Nachtigall Eduarda , Passani Maria Beatrice , Carta Fabrizio , Nocentini Alessio , de Carvalho Myskiw Jociane , Furini Cristiane Regina Guerino , Supuran Claudiu T. , Izquierdo Ivan , Blandina Patrizio , Provensi Gustavo 
Published: June 2020

Significance
Disruption of memories of stressful events may trigger maladaptive responses that are distinctive features of obsessive-compulsive disorders, phobias, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and generalized anxiety. Drugs available to alleviate these disorders have minimal or inconsistent efficacy. The gold standard treatment, exposure therapy, is based on extinction, which refers to a new memory trace inhibiting original memory retrieval. As not all patients experience beneficial effects of this therapy, drugs potentiating extinction are of utmost importance for improving treatment. Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are involved in several physiological processes, including memory. The present study indicates that their activation potentiates extinction. Thus, CA activators may have the potential to improve the clinical efficacy of exposure-based treatments of obsessive-compulsive disorders, phobias, generalized anxiety, and PTSD.
Lck bound to coreceptor is less active than free Lck
Authors: Wei Qianru , Brzostek Joanna , Sankaran Shvetha , Casas Javier , Hew Lois Shi-Qi , Yap Jiawei , Zhao Xiang , Wojciech Lukasz , Gascoigne Nicholas R. J. 
Published: June 2020

Significance
Lck is critical for T cell development and activation, as it is the first kinase transducing TCR signaling. Lck can be bound or not bound (free) to the coreceptors (CD4 and CD8) in thymocytes and T cells. After comparing molecular properties of free and coreceptor-bound Lck, free Lck presents higher mobility and activity compared to the coreceptor-bound Lck. The coreceptor-Lck coupling is found to be independent of TCR activation. This information is valuable for better understanding the initiation of TCR signaling and the regulation of T cell sensitivity.
The mechanochemistry of the kinesin-2 KIF3AC heterodimer is related to strain-dependent kinetic properties of KIF3A and KIF3C
Authors: Bensel Brandon M. , Woody Michael S. , Pyrpassopoulos Serapion , Goldman Yale E. , Gilbert Susan P. , Ostap E. Michael 
Published: June 2020

Significance
Kinesins are cytoskeletal motors responsible for long-range intracellular transport along microtubules. The mammalian kinesin-2, KIF3AC, is a neuronal heterodimer of fast and slow motor polypeptides. Our results show that KIF3AC has a single observed stepping rate in the presence and absence of load and detaches from the microtubule rapidly under load. Interestingly, both KIF3A and assisting loads accelerate the stepping kinetics of KIF3C. These results suggest that KIF3AC is an unconventional cargo transporter and its motile properties do not represent a combination of alternating fast and slow step kinetics. We demonstrate that the motile properties of KIF3AC represent a mechanochemistry that is specific to KIF3AC and may provide functional advantages in neurons.
Circulating immune cell phenotype dynamics reflect the strength of tumor–immune cell interactions in patients during immunotherapy
Authors: Griffiths Jason I. , Wallet Pierre , Pflieger Lance T. , Stenehjem David , Liu Xuan , Cosgrove Patrick A. , Leggett Neena A. , McQuerry Jasmine A. , Shrestha Gajendra , Rossetti Maura , Sunga Gemalene , Moos Philip J. , Adler Frederick R. , Chang Jeffrey T. , Sharma Sunil , Bild Andrea H. 
Published: June 2020

Significance
The evolution of peripheral immune cell abundance and signaling over time, as well as how these immune cells interact with the tumor, may impact a cancer patient’s response to therapy. By developing an ecological population model, we provide evidence of a dynamic predator–prey-like relationship between circulating immune cell abundance and tumor size in patients that respond to immunotherapy. This relationship is not found either in patients that are nonresponsive to immunotherapy or during chemotherapy. Single-cell RNA sequencing of serial peripheral blood samples from patients shows that the strength of tumor–immune cell interactions is reflected in T cells’ interferon activation and differentiation early in treatment. Thus, circulating immune cell dynamics reflect a tumor’s response to immunotherapy.