bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How Your Teachers Teach? Students Perceived Characteristics of Effective Teaching Strategies
Authors: Jose Ariel E. San , Camposano Siverlyn M. , Magonalig Carlo A. , Lelis Judy Ann C. , Bodiongan Pearl Ma. Janssen 
Published: November 2019

Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the relevant experiences of the students on teaching strategies used by their teachers in the classrooms; what made these teaching effective; and what suggestions the students can offer to enhance the teaching strategies.
Study Design: Qualitative-phenomenology.
Place and Duration of Study: Institute of College Education and Graduate Studies (IEGS), Southern Philippines Agri-Business and Marine and Aquatic School of Technology, School year 2018-2019.
Methodology: Included 200 college freshmen taking BSEd Secondary Education and were the first batch graduates of the K-12 program. They were grouped into 40 focus groups. Information were obtained through interview.
Results: Data analysis formulated five themes. Prevalent used strategies discussed the commonly used strategies; improvements gained from strategies looked into the benefits the students obtained; evaluation of ineffective strategies dealt with the irrelevant strategies the teachers used; relevant experiences showed the meaningful encounters of the students to the strategies and suggestions centered on the comments students had offered to improve the use of strategies.
Conclusion: Strategies are relevant in delivering the lessons. However, strategies should be well-thought before they are used. Thus, teachers need to identify who the learners are. Moreover, teachers should also consider the topic. Various topics require different strategies. Also, teacher needs to discuss thoroughly the marking criteria used. Mark criteria guide students to set their targets and to avoid confusion. Likewise, teacher should always prepare and set plans before coming to class. Further, nearing retiring teachers should not solely rely on their experiences because curriculum changes. Lastly, one of the best ways to know what strategies fit the students is consulting the students themselves. Teachers will not get wrong if they know better their students.
Factors Affecting the Productivity of the Big Onion in Hambantota District during the Off Season
Authors: Sulochana M. K. M. , Nawarathna L. S. 
Published: November 2019

Aim: The main aim of this study is to identify the factors affecting the big onion productivity of Hambantota district during the off-season. Moreover, we identify the average productivity per acre from Hambantota district and compare it with the other areas that cultivated the big onion. Further, identify the main issues encountered in big onion cultivation in Hambantota and identify the critical contributing factors for the big onion cultivation in this area.
Place and Duration of Study: During the off seasons in 2015 to 2016 in Hambantota District.
Methodology: Sample data was collected from 201 farmers in Hambantota district. Multiple linear regression model was used to identify the factors affecting the big onion productivity in Hambantota district during the off-season. The normality assumption of the regression model was checked using Kolmogorov–Smirnov test, Shapiro Wilk normality test and Skewness and Kurtosis test. Pearson, Spearman’s Rank and Partial correlation tests were used to check the correlations between variables. Mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) and Symmetrical Mean absolute percentage error (SMAPE) values were used to validate the fitted model.
Results: By the multiple linear regression model main factors affecting the productivity of big onion in Hambantota area were Seasonal Months, Monthly Income, Subsidies Fertilizer and Cultivated Quantity. And the R-squared value was most like to 80% and this means these independent variables were described 80% of the dependent variable. Model accuracies were reported as 98.48% and 98.49% from MAPE and SMAPE respectively. Therefore, this multiple linear regression model was suitable for this study. Further, the model determined the affected factors for the big onion cultivation in Hambantota district during the off-season.
Conclusion: Hambantota district average productivity was less than other areas. Big onion productivity of Matale is more than 2 times greater than big onion productivity of Hambantota. Off season big onion cultivation in Hambantota district is not very effective because of the average productivity is less than other areas in Sri Lanka.
Attitudes, Knowledge and Practice of Herbal Remedy Use among the Population Visiting Pharmacies and Health Care Providers in Alexandria, Egypt: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Fathy Hoda , El-Hawy Raghda , Hassan Raghda 
Published: November 2019

Aims: To show the levels of awareness, attitude, practices and socioeconomic factors related to consuming herbal products among Alexandrian citizen visiting pharmacies. The findings of this study are meant also to show the practices and beliefs of healthcare providers regarding using herbal remedies in treatment, including advising patients, reporting adverse effects and possessing knowledge about specific herb-drug interactions.
Study Design: people visiting pharmacies as well as pharmacists in their pharmacies and physicians in their clinics were invited to complete a questionnaire about their knowledge and personal experience in the consumption of herbal remedy. Anonymity was guaranteed. Questionnaire consists of three parts: demographic data, personal experience and a part concerning health care providers.
Place and Duration of Study: Study area is the city of Alexandria, Egypt from the 1st July through September 2018.
Methodology: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study that used a self-administered, questionnaire from 213 participants (153+ 60 health care providers HCPs).
Results: Almost half the respondents preferred to be treated with herbs because they believed that herbs are safe. But they are not the proper choice to cure chronic diseases. Only 25% of herb users recorded suffering from side effects. The most common source of information about herbs was via internet, followed by family and friends, television and other types of media. Herbal remedies were purchased mainly from outlets other than pharmacies. The willingness to buy such products was not affected by participants’ education level or their monthly income. The public didn’t feel it’s important to mention any herbal remedy they consume to their physician; similarly HCPs did not ask them. Generally, it was shown that HCPs have inadequate knowledge about herbs.
Conclusion: The prevalence of herb usage is moderate among the Alexandrian population. And it is imperative to educate HCPs about the benefits, risks and interactions of herbal supplements.
Ceruloplasmin and Alkaline Phosphatase Levels in Preterm Delivery
Authors: Kondhalkar A. , More K. , Kumar S. 
Published: November 2019

Introduction: Preterm birth (PTB) is a major determinant of neonatal mortality and morbidity. Preterm babies are prone to serious illness or death during the neonatal period. PTB is one of the unresolved problems in clinical obstetrics and one of the greatest threats to the developing fetus, there is need to determine predictive biomarker for preterm delivery. Therefore present study aimed to assess serum levels of ceruloplasmin and Alkaline phosphatase in preterm and full-term delivery.
Materials and Methods: The present study includes total 80 subjects that comprise forty women presenting with preterm onset of labor followed by delivery and forty women who delivered at term served as controls. Blood Samples from the subjects were obtained for ceruloplasmin and Alkaline phosphatase estimation, when patient was in labor. Serum ceruloplasmin and alkaline phosphatase measured spectrophotometrically. Serum ceruloplasmin was estimated by Herbert A Ravin and Henry et al. method. Serum alkaline phosphatase was estimated by Kinetic p-NPP method.
Results: Serum ceruloplasmin levels were significantly increased (P<0.001) in preterm delivery as compared to full term delivery. Alkaline phosphatase levels are significantly increased in preterm delivery (p<0.001) as compared to full term delivery.
Conclusion: Our study showed that elevated levels of ceruloplasmin and alkaline phosphatase may be associated with preterm delivery in asymptomatic pregnant women. The elevated ALP may be due to mild chronic subclinical infection which may be responsible for preterm delivery. Ceruloplasmin is acute phase reactant, increased due to an antioxidant defence mechanism against oxidative stress.
Estimation by Inverse Approach of a Transmissivity Field over the Entire Continental Terminal Aquifer of Abidjan
Authors: Kouassi Kouamé Auguste , Kouassi Francis Williams , Mangoua Oi Mangoua Jules , Ackerer Philippe , Douagui Gountôh Aristide , Savane Issiaka 
Published: November 2019

Hydraulic characterization of aquifer systems is important for the development of exploitation scenarios and groundwater management strategies. Especially in lithologically heterogeneous aquifers, local scale variations in transmissivity (T) may not be neglected. Field scale transmissivity values are usually derived from pumping tests, but in most cases their number and availability are rather limited. Thus, direct measurement of transmissivity over an entire aquifer is expensive and technically almost impossible. In such situations, inverse hydrodynamic modelling is the appropriate solution. In this article, the real transmissivity field of the aquifer of the Continental Terminal of Abidjan is investigated by a multi-scale parametrization that allows to bypass the problem of scale change and to determine this hydrodynamic parameter over the entire aquifer. This hydrogeological modelling of the Continental Terminal aquifer identified a structure of 153 nodes in size as the closest structure to that of the Continental Terminal aquifer. The transmissivity field associated with this optimal size, ranging from 5.4.10-5 to 1 m2s-1, has been compared with values published in other studies in Africa and the world. These identified values are plausible and have a good overall structure. The success of this modeling is strongly linked to the quantity, quality and spatial distribution of authentic informations on the parameters sought.
Antimicrobial Activity of Methanolic, Aqueous and Partially Purified Protein of Young and Matured Leaves of Guiera senegalensis (Moshi Medicine)
Authors: Jiyil M. K. , Mafuyai C. E. , Shago M. I. , Inuwa H. M. 
Published: November 2019

Background: Microorganisms have evolved defence mechanisms against antimicrobial agents and have become resistant to some antibiotics.
Aim of the Study: This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of methanol as well as that of the aqueous and partially purified protein of young and matured leaves of Guiera senegalensis.
Study Duration: This study was conducted on 30th January, 2015 at the Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Nigeria.
Methodology: Antimicrobial activity was determined using disc diffusion and broth dilution techniques, Gel chromatography techniques were used to fractionate the crude protein.
Results: The Test isolates were Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli, Salmonella typhimurium and Candida albicans. All the extracts were sensitive to most of the isolates except Candida albican (fungus).
The crude and partially purified proteins were active against the Gram positive bacteria. The maximum zone of inhibition (42.00±1.00 mm) was observed in the methanol extract of a young leaf against Staphylococcus aureus at 100 mg/ml. The methanol extracts exhibited minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) at a range of 6.25 mg/ml and 12.5 mg/ml and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) at 12.5 mg/ml and 25 mg/ml. The young leaf was more active than the matured leaf. Quantitative phytochemicals showed high amounts of saponins (26.20% and 19.66%) in matured and young leaves respectively.
Conclusion: This research justifies the traditional claim of Guiera senegalensis leaves for therapeutic purposes. The leaves can be used to remedy diseases caused by bacterial agents.
Podiatry Intervention Versus Usual General Practitioner Care for Symptomatic Radiographic Osteoarthritis of the First Metatarsophalangeal Joint: A Randomized Clinical Feasibility Study
Authors: Paterson Kade L. , Hinman Rana S. , Metcalf Ben R. , Campbell Penny K. , Menz Hylton B. , Hunter David J. , Bennell Kim L. 
Published: November 2019

ObjectiveTo determine the feasibility of a clinical trial comparing a podiatry intervention to usual general practitioner (GP) care for people with first metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint osteoarthritis (OA).MethodsA 2‐arm, participant‐ and assessor‐blinded, randomized feasibility study was conducted over 12 weeks. Participants were age >40 years and had pain and radiographic OA in the first MTP joint. Participants in the podiatry group had 3 visits and received foot orthoses, exercise, manual therapy, and advice. Participants in the GP group had 1 visit and received medication advice/prescription and the same advice as the podiatry group. Primary outcomes were measures of feasibility (recruitment, attendance, and retention rates; percentage of prescribed exercise sessions completed; orthoses wear hours/day; treatment fidelity). Secondary outcomes included self‐reported pain, function, satisfaction, adherence, adverse events, and dropouts.ResultsA total of 236 people were screened, and 30 (13%) were included. All except 1 participant in the podiatry group attended the required clinical visits, and retention rates were 93% (podiatry group) and 80% (GP group). Participants completed 66% of the exercise sessions and wore orthoses for an average of 6.3 hours/day. Adherence to medication use was 5.3 on an 11‐point numeric rating scale. Both treatment approaches improved pain and function by clinically important differences at 12 weeks.ConclusionA clinical trial comparing a podiatry intervention to usual GP care for people with first MTP joint OA is feasible. Given the improvements in pain and function observed, a larger appropriately powered clinical trial is warranted to evaluate the superiority of one treatment approach over the other.
Model to Determine the Cost‐Effectiveness of Screening Psoriasis Patients for Psoriatic Arthritis
Authors: Iragorri Nicolas , Hazlewood Glen , Manns Braden , Bojke Laura , Spackman Eldon ,   the Early Detection to Improve Outcome in People With Undiagnosed Psoriatic Arthritis Study Group
Published: November 2019

ObjectiveScreening psoriasis patients for psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is intended to identify patients at earlier stages of the disease. Early treatment is expected to slow disease progression and delay the need for biologic therapy. Our objective was to determine the cost‐effectiveness of screening for PsA in patients with psoriasis in Canada.MethodsA Markov model was built to estimate the costs and quality‐adjusted life years (QALYs) of screening tools for PsA in psoriasis patients. The screening tools included the Toronto Psoriatic Arthritis Screen, Psoriasis Epidemiology Screening Tool, Psoriatic Arthritis Screening and Evaluation, and Early Psoriatic Arthritis Screening Questionnaire (EARP) questionnaires. States of health were defined by disability levels as measured by the Health Assessment Questionnaire. State transitions were modeled based on annual disease progression. Incremental cost‐effectiveness ratios and incremental net monetary benefits were estimated. Sensitivity analyses were undertaken to account for parameter uncertainty and to test model assumptions.ResultsScreening was cost‐effective compared to no screening. The EARP tool had the lowest total cost ($2,000 per patient per year saved compared to no screening) and the highest total QALYs (additional 0.18 per patient compared to no screening). The results were most sensitive to test accuracy and the efficacy of disease‐modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs). No screening was cost‐effective (at $50,000 per QALY) relative to screening when DMARDs failed to slow disease progression.ConclusionIf early therapy with DMARDs delays biologic treatment, implementing screening in patients with psoriasis in Canada is expected to represent a cost savings of $220 million per year and improve the quality of life.
Construction of Halofunctionalized Indenes via a Cascade Prins‐Nazarov Cyclization Promoted by Dual Roles of BX3
Authors: Sultana Sabera , Lee Yong Rok 
Published: November 2019

AbstractHalofunctionalization of various unactivated arylalkynes to the corresponding 1H‐indenes in the presence of a particular class of carboxaldehydes and boron trihalides (BX3, X=F, Cl, Br, I) is described. A diverse array of halofunctionalized indenes substituted with a heterocycle has been synthesized regioselectively with BX3 as a promotor for the carbocyclization and a source of X− for halogenation. This reaction proceeds via a formal halogenative [4+1] cycloaddition between arylalkynes and carboxaldehydes promoted by boron trihalides to generate halofunctionalized indenes. The usefulness of the halofunctionalized indenes was demonstrated by their conversion to other derivatives via coupling, nucleophilic substitution, and oxidation.magnified image
Genome duplication effects on functional traits and fitness are genetic context and species dependent: studies of synthetic polyploid Fragaria
Authors: Wei Na , Du Zhaokui , Liston Aaron , Ashman Tia‐Lynn 
Published: November 2019

PremiseDivergence in functional traits and adaptive responses to environmental change underlies the ecological advantage of polyploid plants in the wild. While established polyploids may benefit from combined outcomes of genome doubling, hybridization, and polyploidy‐enabled adaptive evolution, whether genome doubling alone can drive ecological divergence or whether the outcome is genetically variable remains less clear.MethodsUsing synthetic, colchicine‐induced, autotetraploid (4x) plants derived from self‐pollinated diploid (2x) seeds, and their colchicine‐treated but unconverted diploid (2x.nc) full sibs from two diploid wild strawberry taxa (Fragaria vesca subsp. vesca and F. vesca subsp. bracteata), we examined the effects of genome doubling on functional traits, heat stress tolerance, and fitness components across taxa and maternal families (i.e., genetic families) within taxa.ResultsComparisons between 2x and 2x.nc plants indicated a negligible effect of colchicine treatment on functional traits. Genome doubling increased stomatal length and decreased stomatal density, specific leaf area, and leaf vein density, recapitulating patterns observed in wild polyploid Fragaria. Trichome density, heat stress tolerance, and relative growth rate were not significantly affected by genome doubling. Although clonal reproduction was reduced in response to genome doubling, this effect was strongly genetic‐family dependent.ConclusionsThe results suggest that genome doubling during incipient speciation alone can generate ecological divergence and variation among genetic lineages. This response potentially allows for rapid short‐term evolutionary adaptation and fuels genomic diversity and independent origins of polyploidy.
Chemoselektive, modulare Diversifikation polyhalogenierter Arylfluorosulfate (ArOSO2F), ermöglicht durch ein luftstabiles PdI‐Dimer
Authors: Mendel Marvin , Kalvet Indrek , Hupperich Daniel , Magnin Guillaume , Schoenebeck Franziska 
Published: November 2019

AbstractSeit 2014 ist das Interesse an Arylfluorosulfaten (ArOSO2F) sowie deren Einsatz in leistungsstarken Anwendungen kontinuierlich gewachsen. In diesem Zusammenhang wird die Leistungsfähigkeit von ArOSO2F stark vom Substitutionsmuster des Arens abhängen, das letztlich die Gesamtfunktion als Arzneimittelkandidat, Material oder Biolinker diktiert. Diese Zuschrift zeigt die modulare, substratunabhängige und vollständig vorhersagbare, selektive Funktionalisierung polysubstituierter Arene mit C‐OSO2F‐, C‐Br‐ und C‐Cl‐Funktionalitäten, die es ermöglicht, das Aren in Gegenwart von OSO2F oder unter Verwendung von OSO2F als Triflat‐Ersatz zu diversifizieren. Sequenzielle und dreifach‐selektive Arylierungen und Alkylierungen wurden innerhalb von Minuten bei Raumtemperatur mit einem einzigen und luftstabilen PdI‐Dimer realisiert.
Temperature‐Directed Micellar Morphological Transformation Using CABC‐Block Copolymers and Its Applications in Encapsulation and Hidden Segment
Authors: Zheng Jie , Chen Chen , Goto Atsushi 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA temperature‐directed micellar morphological transformation was developed using CABC multi‐block copolymers with a hydrophobic block A, a hydrophilic block B, and a thermally responsive block C with a lower critical solution temperature (LCST). The micellar structure was switched from a star (below LCST) to a flower (above LCST). The transition temperature was tunable in a wide range (11–90 °C) by varying the C monomer composition. The large difference in the loading capacity between the star and flower enabled efficient encapsulation and controlled release of external molecules. Unlike conventional systems, the present star‐to‐flower transformation keeps micellar structures and hence does not liberate polymers but only external molecules selectively. Another application is a hidden functional segment. A functional segment is hidden (shielded) below the LCST and exposed to interact with external molecules or surfaces above the LCST.
Conservation management of common dolphins: Lessons learned from the North‐East Atlantic
Authors: Murphy Sinéad , Evans Peter G.H. , Pinn Eunice , Pierce Graham J. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

The short‐beaked common dolphin is one of the most numerous cetacean species in the North‐East Atlantic and plays a key functional role within the ecosystem as a top predator. However, in 2013, its conservation status for the European Marine Atlantic, under Article 17 of the Habitats Directive, was assessed as ‘Unfavourable‐Inadequate’. Of key concern for this species is fishery bycatch, with pollution also being an issue. There are, however, major knowledge gaps concerning the extent of the effects of such pressures on the species.
Implementation of national observer bycatch programmes and bycatch mitigation measures under EC Regulation 812/2004 has been important. The responsibility for this is currently being transferred to the EU fisheries Data Collection Framework and Technical Measures Framework, the potential advantages and disadvantages of which are discussed. Collection of data and samples through national stranding schemes in some countries has enabled assessments of life‐history parameters, dietary requirements, and the effects of stressors such as pollutants.
Nevertheless, in order to improve the conservation status of the North‐East Atlantic population, a number of key actions are still required. These include the implementation of a species action plan, finalization of a management framework procedure for bycatch, and coordination between member states of monitoring programmes. It is important that there is monitoring of the state of the common dolphin population in the North‐East Atlantic management unit through regular surveys spanning the range of the management unit, as well as continued assessment of the independent and interactive effects of multiple stressors. Above all, conservation status would be improved through application and enforcement of existing legislation in European waters.
This paper provides a summary of the current state of our knowledge of common dolphins in the North‐East Atlantic along with recommendations for conservation management that may also be relevant to the species in the Mediterranean Sea.