bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
P1130A CELLULAR MODEL OF HUMAN MESOTHELIUM TO STUDY OF WATER TRANSPORT DURING PERITONEAL DIALYSIS AND THE BIOCOMPATIBILITY OF INNOVATIVE GLUCOSE-SPARING SOLUTIONS.
Authors: Piccapane Francesca , Caroppo Rosa , Arduini Arduino , Corciulo Roberto , Russo Roberto , Divino Jose Carolino , Bonomini Mario , Gerbino Andrea , Carmosino Monica , Svelto Maria , Procino Giuseppe 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background and Aims
The three pore model postulates that the endothelium of peritoneal capillaries is the major limiting barrier regulating water transport across peritoneal membrane during peritoneal dialysis (PD).
We hypothesize that the mesothelium may represent an additional selective barrier to water diffusion in PD. We previously demonstrated that the water channel AQP1 is expressed in vivo by mesothelial cells.
Here, we characterized an immortalized cell line of human mesothelium (HMC) to study the functional role of the water channel AQP1 in mediating water transport during PD and also to test the biocompatibility of glucose-sparing PD solutions (Xylocore), containing xylitol and L-carnitine as the main osmotic agents.

Method
Cells were grown onto porous cell culture inserts to achieve polarization. Polarization was demonstrated by expression of the tight junction markers Zo-1 and occludin. Transepithelial water transport was measured by TEA+-sensitive microelectrodes.
HMC cell monolayers were exposed to PD solutions at the apical side for 8 hours.
The biocompatibility of conventional versus innovative PD solutions was evaluated by MTT-test, measurement of transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines by by Luminex xMAP technology.

Results
HMC cells showed polarized expression of Na+/K+-ATPase and tight junctions markers but no endogenous expression of AQP1.
HMC showed a low TEER (40Ω/cm2) compared to renal cells not expressing AQP1(1000Ω/cm2). However, the transepithelial water transport was comparable between the two cell types.
Experiments in HMCs transfected with AQP1 cDNA, suggested that the water permeability of HMC was increased by two-fold in the presence of AQP1.
Biocompatibility assays indicated that in conventional dialysis solutions glucose concentration decreased cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. Glucose concentration also strongly decreased the TEER, suggesting reduction of the barrier integrity, and increased pro-inflammatory cytokines production.
Interestingly, substitution of part of the glucose with xylitol and L-carnitine minimized these effects.

Conclusion
These results suggest that the mesothelium may represent an additional selective barrier regulating water transport through the water channel AQP1 in PD. Importantly, we also demonstrate that the formulation of glucose-sparing PD solutions containing xylitol and L-carnitine better preserve mesothelial cells viability and may represent a useful means to prolong the dialysis life of patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis.
P1131STEADY CONCENTRATION PERITONEAL DIALYSIS INCREASES ULTRAFILTRATION AND SODIUM REMOVAL COMPARED TO CAPD
Authors: Carlsson Ola , Johansson Ann-Cathrine , Heimbürger Olof , Martus Giedre , Wilkie Martin , Hegbrant Jörgen , Johansson Ann , De Leon Charlotte 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background and Aims
Fluid and sodium removal may be a challenge during glucose-based PD, leading to increased use of high glucose solutions to maintain sufficient fluid removal. This may in turn lead to increased sodium sieving, resulting in a decreased sodium removal.
Carry Life® UF uses Steady Concentration PD (SCPD), where the infusion of glucose compensates for glucose uptake and maintains the intraperitoneal glucose concentration at a sufficient level providing a continuous ultrafiltration throughout the dwell. The present study investigated the effect of Carry Life UF compared to a standard CAPD dwell regarding ultrafiltration, sodium removal and glucose absorption.

Method
Eight stable PD patients were included in the study. Subjects were treated with 5-hour Carry Life UF treatments using three different glucose doses (11, 14, 20 g/h). An initial fill with 1500 ml, 13.6 g/l glucose PD solution was used. A small volume of dialysate was drained hourly to avoid overfill. A standard 4-hour Peritoneal Equilibration Test (PET) (2000 ml, 22.7 g/l glucose) was used as control. Data expressed as mean ± SD, statistical analysis using one-way ANOVA.

Results
Ultrafiltration was significantly increased during the Carry Life UF treatments compared to PET (646±256, 739±312, 863±380 ml for 11 g/h, 14 g/h and 20 g/h, respectively, vs. 162±242 ml for PET, p&lt;0.01). Sodium removal increased significantly during Carry Life UF treatments (86±27, 92±33, 110±37 mmol/dwell for 11, 14, and 20 g glucose/h) compared to PET (22±33 mmol/dwell, p&lt;0.001). Figure a shows that the intraperitoneal glucose concentration increased during the first hours of the Carry Life UF treatments and remained stable during the remainder of the treatments. During PET the glucose concentration decreased gradually during the treatment. The maximum intraperitoneal glucose concentration did not exceed 26 g/l (144 mmol/l) during the Carry Life UF treatments. The UF volume per gram of glucose uptake was significantly higher for the two lower Carry Life UF glucose doses compared to PET (Figure b).

Conclusion
SCPD performed with Carry Life® UF maintained a stable intraperitoneal glucose concentration during the 5-hour treatment which generated significantly higher UF volumes compared to 4-hour PET. During the Carry Life UF treatments glucose was used more efficiently, particularly for the two lowest doses, in comparison to PET. The increased sodium removal with Carry Life® UF enables a better balance between UF volume and sodium removal than for example during APD. In summary, SCPD using Carry Life® UF increases the efficiency of PD compared to standard, glucose-based CAPD with respect to ultrafiltration and sodium removal.
P1799GENOTYPE-PHENOTYPE CORRELATION IN A PEDIATRIC ADPKD COHORT
Authors: Van Giel Dorien , De Rechter Stéphanie , Breysem Luc , Hindryckx An , Janssens Peter , Decuypere Jean-Paul , Bammens Bert , Corveleyn Anniek , Férec Claude , Vennekens Rudi , Audrezet Marie-Pierre , Harris Peter , Mekahli Djalila 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background and Aims
The correlation between genotype and phenotype is well described in ADPKD adults. PKD2 is milder than PKD1 disease, with end stage kidney disease (ESKD) occurring on average 20 years later, and patients with PKD1 truncating mutations having a more severe outcome than PKD1 non-truncating mutations. Still, large differences in outcome occur even within families carrying the same gene variation. Only a few cases series reported the genetic profile of severely affected ADPKD children and suggest an additional effect of hypomorphic genes. We therefore aim to analyse the geno-phenotype profile in a well characterized pediatric ADPKD cohort.

Method
Clinical, familial, biological and imaging data were collected longitudinally in children diagnosed with ADPKD. Genotypic analysis was done using a custom Agilent SureSelect gene panel containing 136 ciliopathy-associated genes, including PKD1 and PKD2. Mutations and/or variants identified were individually evaluated for pathogenicity.

Results
57 ADPKD children from 44 families were diagnosed at a mean (± SD) age of 4.1 (±4.8) years. ADPKD diagnosis was made in 32 children (56%) because of asymptomatic screening as requested by the family; 7 (12%) due to presenting symptoms (6 due to urinary tract infection and 1 due to post-traumatic macroscopic hematuria); 9 (16%) due to a coincidental finding of renal cysts on US performed for another reason and in 9 cases (16%) a prenatal diagnosis was performed. Twenty-nine children (51%) met the definition of very-early onset (VEO) disease.
We identified pathogenic mutations in 100% of our patients, in which the prevalence of PKD1 truncating, PKD1 non-truncating, PKD2 and GANAB mutations was 75%, 19%, 4%, and 2%, respectively. Four cases (7%) were due to a de novo mutation. Interestingly, in 29 patients (51%) the germline mutation was the only identified mutation. However, in the rest of the subjects additional variants were identified in other ciliopathy-associated genes. In 12 cases (21%) the additional identified variants found in either the PKD, PMM2, HNF1B, DNAJC1, CEP290, NEK1, MKKS, NPHP4 or PKHD1 genes were scored to have a potential phenotypic effect, which will be evaluated by continued follow-up of this cohort.

Conclusion
We report the first large cohort of genotyped ADPKD children, including an extensive panel of ciliopathy genes next to the PKD genes. Interestingly, we found a high prevalence of additional and potentially modifying variants in this young population.
Therapeutic enhancement of blood–brain and blood–tumor barriers permeability by laser interstitial thermal therapy
Authors: Salehi Afshin , Paturu Mounica R , Patel Bhuvic , Cain Matthew D , Mahlokozera Tatenda , Yang Alicia B , Lin Tsen-Hsuan , Leuthardt Eric C , Yano Hiroko , Song Sheng-Kwei , Klein Robyn S , Schmidt Robert , Kim Albert H 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background
The blood–brain and blood–tumor barriers (BBB and BTB), which restrict the entry of most drugs into the brain and tumor, respectively, are a significant challenge in the treatment of glioblastoma. Laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) is a minimally invasive surgical technique increasingly used clinically for tumor cell ablation. Recent evidence suggests that LITT might locally disrupt BBB integrity, creating a potential therapeutic window of opportunity to deliver otherwise brain-impermeant agents.

Methods
We established a LITT mouse model to test if laser therapy can increase BBB/BTB permeability in vivo. Mice underwent orthotopic glioblastoma tumor implantation followed by LITT in combination with BBB tracers or the anticancer drug doxorubicin. BBB/BTB permeability was measured using fluorimetry, microscopy, and immunofluorescence. An in vitro endothelial cell model was also used to corroborate findings.

Results
LITT substantially disrupted the BBB and BTB locally, with increased permeability up to 30 days after the intervention. Remarkably, molecules as large as human immunoglobulin extravasated through blood vessels and permeated laser-treated brain tissue and tumors. Mechanistically, LITT decreased tight junction integrity and increased brain endothelial cell transcytosis. Treatment of mice bearing glioblastoma tumors with LITT and adjuvant doxorubicin, which is typically brain-impermeant, significantly increased animal survival.

Conclusions
Together, these results suggest that LITT can locally disrupt the BBB and BTB, enabling the targeted delivery of systemic therapies, including, potentially, antibody-based agents.
Characteristics and Outcomes of Staphylococcus aureus Bloodstream Infection Originating From the Urinary Tract: A Multicenter Cohort Study
Authors: Grillo Sara , Cuervo Guillermo , Carratalà Jordi , Grau Immaculada , Llaberia Mariona , Aguado José María , Lopez-Cortés Luis Eduardo , Lalueza Antonio , Sanjuan Rafael , Sanchez-Batanero Ana , Ardanuy Carmen , García-Somoza Dolors , Tebé Cristian , Pujol Miquel 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundStaphylococcus aureus bloodstream infection (SABSI) arising from a urinary tract source (UTS) is poorly understood.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis in 3 major teaching hospitals in Spain of prospectively collected data of hospitalized patients with SABSI. SABSI-UTS was diagnosed in patients with urinary tract symptoms and/or signs, no evidence of an extra-urinary source of infection, and a urinary S. aureus count of ≥105 cfu/mL. Susceptibility of S. aureus strains and patient mortality were compared between SABSI from UTS (SABSI-UTS) and other sources (SABSI-other).ResultsOf 4181 episodes of SABSI, we identified 132 (3.16%) cases of SABSI-UTS that occurred predominantly in patients who were male, had high Charlson comorbidity scores, were dependent for daily life activities, and who had undergone urinary catheterization and/or urinary manipulation before the infection. SABSI-UTS was more often caused by MRSA strains compared with SABSI-other (40.9% vs 17.5%; P &lt; .001). Patients with SABSI-UTS caused by MRSA more often received inadequate empirical treatment compared with those caused by susceptible strains (59.7% vs 23.1%; P &lt; .001). The 30-day case fatality rate was lower in patients with SABSI-UTS than in those with SABSI-other (14.4% vs 23.8%; P = .02). Factors independently associated with mortality were dependence for daily activities (aOR, 3.877; 95% CI, 1.08–13.8; P = .037) and persistent bacteremia (aOR, 7.88; 95% CI, 1.57–39.46; P = .012).ConclusionsSABSI-UTS occurs predominantly in patients with severe underlying conditions and in those who have undergone urinary tract manipulation. Moreover, it is frequently due to MRSA strains and causes significant mortality.
Secondary Bacterial Infections in Critical Ill Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019
Authors: Fu Yiqi , Yang Qing , Xu Min , Kong Haishen , Chen Hongchao , Fu Yajie , Yao Yake , Zhou Hua , Zhou Jianying 
Published: June 2020

Secondary bacterial infections occurred in 13.9% (5 of 36) of critical ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019. All 5 patients had been admitted to intensive care unit and received mechanical ventilation before developing bacterial infection. Active surveillance of culture should be performed for critically ill patients. Prevention of nosocomial infection should to be taken seriously.
Incidence, predictive factors and severity of methotrexate-related liver injury in rheumatoid arthritis: a longitudinal cohort study
Authors: Mori Shunsuke , Arima Nobuyuki , Ito Masahiro , Ueki Yukitaka , Abe Yasuyo , Aoyagi Kiyoshi , Fujiyama Shigetoshi 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectivesThe aims were to determine the incidence rate, predictive factors and severity of liver injury that develops during MTX treatment for RA and to evaluate the role of pretreatment hepatic fat deposition.MethodsWe used an ongoing real-life registry containing RA patients who had started MTX between August 2007 and April 2018 at participating institutions. The liver-to-spleen attenuation ratio on CT scans at enrolment was used to evaluate pretreatment fat deposition quantitatively. Patients were followed until persistent transaminitis developed or until the end of the study. Liver biopsy was performed for patients who presented with persistent transaminitis.ResultsWe followed 289 new MTX users without pretreatment elevations of transaminases (mean follow-up time, 58.3 months). Hepatic fat deposition was detected in half of the patients at enrolment. During follow-up, persistent transaminitis occurred at a crude incidence rate of 3.13 per 100 person-years, and the cumulative incidence at 5 years was estimated to be 13%. A multivariate Fine–Gray regression analysis showed that the most important predictive factors were pre-existing moderate to severe fat deposition (adjusted hazard ratio, 7.69; 95% CI: 3.10, 19.10) and obesity (adjusted hazard ratio, 2.68; 95% CI: 1.37, 5.25). Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) was the most predominant pattern in liver biopsy samples. Hepatic fibrosis was found in 90% of samples, but most cases were not advanced.ConclusionAggravation of underlying fatty liver to NASH with fibrosis seems to be an important mechanism of liver injury that occurs in MTX-treated RA patients.
Effect of treatment on cognitive and attention problems in children with narcolepsy type 1
Authors: Janssens Karin A M , Quaedackers Laury , Lammers Gert Jan , Amesz Pauline , van Mierlo Petra , Aarts Lisanne , Peeters Els , Hendriks Danielle , Vandenbussche Nele , Overeem Sebastiaan , Pillen Sigrid 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Study Objectives
To ascertain the presence of cognitive and attention problems in treatment naïve children with narcolepsy type 1 (NT1) and to explore whether children recently diagnosed with NT1 improve with respect to cognition and attention problems 1 year after regular treatment for NT1.

Methods
A total of 15 treatment naïve children (7–15 years) with recently diagnosed NT1 were recruited from three sleep medicine centers in the Netherlands. The control group consisted of 15 healthy children, being frequency matched on age and gender. Both groups were investigated at baseline to examine intelligence profile (Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children [WISC] III), attention problems, and processing speed (Bourdon Vos and sustained attention to respond task [SART]). These tests were repeated in children with NT1 1 year after regular (behavioral and medication) treatment for NT1.

Results
Children with NT1 scored significantly lower on the verbal scale and processing speed subscale of the WISC III, showed more fluctuations in reaction time of the Bourdon Vos and made more mistakes during the SART than the healthy control group at baseline. Children with NT1 significantly improved on total IQ score, and on the WISC indices processing speed, and perceptual organization 1 year after treatment. At follow-up, test scores of treated children were largely comparable to those of the control group at baseline.

Conclusions
Children with NT1 show improvement in several cognitive domains 1 year after start of treatment. Our findings stress the need for early detection and treatment of narcolepsy in childhood.
Long-lasting response to third-line chemotherapy in metastatic pancreatic cancer
Authors: Tavares Alda , Mesquita Alexandra 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
At diagnosis, approximately 50% of cases of adenocarcinoma of the pancreas are metastasized and 5-year survival is only 2.9%. We reported a case of a 63-year-old woman with pancreatic adenocarcinoma with multiple hepatic and intra-abdominal metastases that progressed on 2 lines of chemotherapy. She has been under treatment with third-line chemotherapy for 19 months with stable disease and excellent performance status. She has an overall survival of 29 months. There are just a few cases of metastatic disease with long survival described in the literature. The functional status and the good tolerance to treatment may be determinants of prognosis.
Mobile-Application-Based Interventions for Patients With Hypertension and Ischemic Heart Disease: A Systematic Review
Authors: CHOI Jin Yi , CHOI Heejung , SEOMUN GyeongAe , KIM Eun Jung 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT

Background
Hypertension and ischemic heart disease are major causes of adult mortality. Related interventions to manage these conditions are important to implement during long, symptom-free periods. The recent proliferation of smartphones has spawned numerous health interventions that rely on mobile applications.

Purpose
This systematic review was designed to summarize and analyze research on interventions using mobile applications for patients with hypertension and ischemic heart disease.

Methods
We searched for related studies published from January 2006 to August 2017 on MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and three Korean databases. Seventeen studies were identified and evaluated against eligibility criteria that included a focus on patients with hypertension or ischemic heart disease and a discussion of the detailed effects of a mobile-app-based intervention. All of the identified studies were evaluated qualitatively using a methodology checklist.

Results
Twelve of the 17 studies were deemed as of acceptable quality according to the Scottish Intercollegiate Guideline Network quality assessment. According to the National Institutes of Health quality assessment tool, one article was of fair quality and four articles were of poor quality. Monitoring, education, and reminders were identified as application interventions. The effects of the app interventions were analyzed according to physiological factors, cognitive and behavioral factors, and psychological factors. Of the seven studies that measured blood pressure in patients with hypertension, five studies reported that the app-based interventions reduced blood pressure. Two of three studies showed a significant decrease of body mass index in patients with ischemic heart disease after the app-based interventions compared to the control group. Five of seven studies reported a significant change in medication adherence. Several studies showed different outcomes according to the disease, but the limited number of eligible studies was insufficient to demonstrate a conclusive effect.

Conclusions
To ensure the long-term effects of mobile-application-based interventions, healthcare professionals should consider the functions of mobile applications. Moreover, because the focus of these interventions may differ based on the nature of the disease, it is recommended that the composition of interventions be tailored to the specific disease.
The Related Factors of Nurses’ Participation and Perceived Benefits and Barriers in Health Policy Making
Authors: BARZEGAR SAFARI Masoumeh , BAHADORI Mohammadkarim , ALIMOHAMMADZADEH Khalil 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT

Background
Nurses play a critical role in providing good health services.

Purpose
The aim of this study was to examine the factors related to the participation of nurses in the provision of health services and the perceived benefits and barriers to their participation in health policy making.

Methods
A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in several hospitals affiliated with the Iran University of Medical Sciences during the first half of 2018 on a sample size of 220 people. A standard, self-management questionnaire was used to collect the data, and SPSS 21.0 software was used for data analysis. None of the demographic characteristics were found to be significantly associated with nurse participation in or the perceived barriers and benefits to health policy making.

Results
The results of this study show that the participants were involved only moderately in health policy making. “Providing written reports on problems or receiving consultation from a related official” was the performance item most frequently cited by the participants in terms of involvement, whereas “Disappointment in work procedures” was the most frequently cited barrier item affecting involvement.

Conclusions/Implications for Practice
Despite the importance of the nursing role in health polices, this study indicates that nurses participate at only a moderate level in health policy-making activities. Providing more information to nurses regarding health policies, enhancing nurses’ image of their job and their perceptions about the importance of their participation in the health policy, increasing partnerships with nurses at the upper levels of health services management, and supporting nursing professional organizations in the field of health policy are potential strategies for encouraging greater nursing participation in health policy making.