bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Apelin-mediated deamidation modification of HMGA1 promotes tumorigenesis by enhancing SRBEP1 activity and Lipid Synthesis
Authors: Zhang Li , Zhu Yihan , Yang Ying , Bu Hong , Huang Hong , Ran Jingjing , Qin Liwen , Ni Yinyun , Yao Menglin , Song Tingting , Li Mufeng , Yang Yongfeng , Guo Tingting , Chao Ningning , Liu Zhiqing , Li Weiming 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Apelin is a ligand of the G protein-coupled receptor that promotes tumor growth in malignant cancers. However, the molecular mechanisms through which apelin promotes tumorigenesis are unknown. Here, we confirmed that apelin promotes tumorigenesis in lung cancer cells by increasing the synthesis of fatty acids, which induces abnormal lipid metabolism. Apelin interacts with high-mobility group A HMGA1 and mediates sterol-regulatory-element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1) activity, which is required for lung tumorigenesis and lipid metabolism. Deamidation modification of HMGA1 is regulated by apelin enhanced SRBEP1 activity and lipid synthesis. Moreover, deamidated HMGA1 can enhance the formation of the apelin-HMGA1-SREBP1 complexes and increases SREBP1 activity, which induces abnormal lipid metabolism. As an energy regulator, Apelin forms a multi-protein complexes with HMGA1 to increase of lung cancer cells viability. Our results indicate that apelin is important in lipid metabolism and cancer cell proliferation.
The conserved core component EsaA mediates bacterial killing by the type VIIb secretion system
Authors: Mietrach Nicole , Damián-Aparicio Diana , Isupov Michail , Krupka Marcin , Lopez Daniel , Geibel Sebastian 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Type VII secretion systems (T7SS) are employed by Gram-positive bacteria to infect the host or to intoxicate bacterial competitors. Bacterial killing mediated by other secretion systems involves the assembly of large, extracellular structures promoting toxin delivery into bacterial competitors. However, such extracellular structures are not known for T7SS nor is it known whether the secreted toxins have cell-penetrating properties. Here, we used a multi-drug resistant Staphylococcus aureus, one of the most relevant hospital-associated bacterial pathogens, to study the mechanism of bacterial killing by the T7SSb. We report the proteolysis-resistant, extracellular structure of the EsaA core component, which is an integral part of the membrane-embedded T7SSb secretion machine. The extracellular structure of EsaA has an elongated antenna-like shape providing an explanation how the T7SSb spans the staphylococcal cell wall. We demonstrate that the extracellular structure of EsaA has an essential function in secretion and contributes to the killing of prey bacteria. We show that the bactericidal activity of EsaA can be attributed to a membrane-damaging activity that leads to the permeabilization of phospholipid bilayers and could facilitate the delivery of antibacterial toxin into bacterial competitors. The structural similarity of the EsaA tip domain to bacterial lectins and human integrins suggests an additional function of EsaA in cell adhesion during infection or in targeting of bacterial competitors.
Designing electrolyte structure to suppress hydrogen evolution reaction in aqueous batteries
Authors: Nian Qingshun , Zhang Xiaoren , Feng Yazhi , Liu Shuang , Sun Tianjiang , Ren Xiaodi , Tao Zhanliang , Zhang Donghui , Chen Jun 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Aqueous batteries (ABs) have attracted increasing attention because of their inherent safety and low cost. Nevertheless, hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) at the anode presents severe challenges for stable and safe operation of ABs. Instead of passivating the anode surface to hinder HER kinetics, a novel design strategy is proposed here to suppress the HER via alternating its thermodynamics pathway. By adding a hydrogen bond acceptor, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), the onset potential of HER can be delayed by as much as 1.0 V (on titanium mesh). Spectral characterization and molecular dynamics simulation confirm that the formation of hydrogen bonds between DMSO and water molecules can reduce the water activity, thereby suppressing the HER. This strategy has proven to be universal in expanding the electrochemical window of aqueous electrolytes. For instance, unconventional V2+↔V3+ redox processes in Na3V2(PO4)3 (-1.2 V versus Ag/AgCl) and highly stable Zn plating/stripping processes can be realized in ABs.
Barriers for Early Initiation and Exclusive Breast Feeding Up to Six Months in Predominantly Rural Sri Lanka; A Need to Strengthen Policy Implementations
Authors: Agampodi Thilini Chanchala , Dharmasoma Neerodha Kithmini , Koralagedara Iresha Sandamali , Dissanayake Thushari Maduwanthi Menike , Warnasekera Janith N. , Agampodi Suneth Buddhika , Perez-Escamilla Rafael 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background Sri Lanka was named as the first-ever 'Green' breastfeeding (BF) nation status by the World Breastfeeding Trends Initiative (WBTi) in January 2020. However, capacity exists for improvement. This study aims to identify barriers and facilitators for early initiation of breastfeeding (EI) and exclusive BF (EBF) for 6 months in rural Sri Lanka. Methods We conducted in-depth interviews with 16 mothers with infants, who had been unable to practice EI and/or EBF, in six child-welfare clinics in Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka. Three focus group discussions were held with public health midwives (PHMs). Initial thematic analysis that built upon force field and social learning theories was performed. Results Main barriers for EBF were clustered at three time periods; during the first 2-3 days, 2-3rd week, and 4-5 months post-partum. Early barriers included cesarean section pain, poor latch, maternal exhaustion, Suboptimal maternity ward environment, lack of support for BF led to maternal stress. Around 2-3 weeks postpartum mothers introduced water or infant formula due to social norms and poor support. On-demand feeding was poorly practiced. Around 4 and 5 months EBF ended due to return to work. PHMs reported heavy workload impede support for BF. Conclusion Interruption of EBF are due to specific barriers corresponding to specific periods within first six months. Sri Lanka should focus on strengthening policies for reducing the excessive rates of cesarean section, better postnatal ward facilities, demand feeding, support for working mothers and reducing the work load of PHMs in order to optimize EBF.
Estimation of Non-Genetic Parameters for Reproduction and Production Traits of Holstein Friesian Dairy Herd at Elfora Cheffa Dairy Farm, Amhara Region, Ethiopia
Authors: Kassa Wubshet Woldegiorgis , Mengesha Yosef Tadesse , Gebele Aynalem Haile 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background:- The study was conducted at Cheffa dairy farm with the objective of estimating the effects of none-genetic factors on Age at First Service (AFS), Age at First Calving (AFC), Calving Interval (CI), Days Open (DO), Number of Service per Conception (NSC), Lactation Length (LL) and adjusted 305 days milk yield (305-dMY). A total of 2343 records were collected from 123 cows and 13 sires' progenies having greater than 93.75 % HF blood levels through the period from 1996 to 2014 for evaluation. Independent variables were birth year and season, calving year and season and parity while AFS, AFC, CI, DO, NSC, LL and 305-dMY were dependent variables. SAS Version 9.1 software used for data analysis. Results:- The results indicated that year of birth had highly significant (p<0.01) and significant (p<0.05) effect on AFS and AFC respectively. Year of calving had highly significant (p<0.01) effect on CI and 305-dMY and significant (p<0.05) effect on DO and NSC. Season of calving had significant (p<0.05) effect on CI and 305-dMY. Longest records of CI and highest records of 305-dMY were exhibited in short rain season while, shortest and lowest records of CI and 305-dMY were recorded in dry and long rain seasons respectively. Parity had highly significant (p<0.01) effect on CI, DO, NSC and 305-dMY and significant (p<0.05) effect on LL. Longest value of CI, DO and LL were observed in 1st parity and highest value of NSC and highest value of 305-dMY were recorded in 7th and 5th parity respectively. The shortest value of CI, DO, LL and lowest value of 305-dMY was recorded in 9th parity while shortest value of NSC was recorded in 1st parity. Conclusions:- This study revealed, genetic performance of dairy breed in the study area was influenced by environment but selecting adapted animal from the herd and better management may improve all aspect of productivity. Hence, well record keeping, better management practice, non-genetic performance evaluation of economically important dairy traits and investigation of selection index were a prerequisite to improvement productivity of the herd and to run profitable dairy enterprise.
Mediterranean Natural Extracts Improved Cognitive Behavior in Zebrafish and Healthy Rats and Ameliorated LPS-induced Cognitive Impairment in a Sex Dependent Manner
Authors: Pusceddu Matteo , Hernandez-Baixauli Julia , Puiggrós Francesc , Arola Lluis , Caimari Antoni , Bas Josep M Del , Baselga Laura 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Several findings suggest neuroinflammation as a contributing factor for the onset of psychiatric disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease, depression, and anxiety. There is increasing evidence pointing out that the Mediterranean diet influences brain and behavior. Mediterranean herbs and spices have been shown to be within those components of the Mediterranean diet involved in cognitive enhancement. Thus, we investigated the influence of Mediterranean natural extracts (MNE), Rosemary extract (RE) and Glycyrrhiza glabra root extract (GGRE), on cognitive behavior. Results: Adult zebrafish were exposed to RE or GGRE (100 and 250 mg/L) treatments. Both MNE improved memory retention during the T-maze test, although no improvements were observed during the novel object preference. Similarly, chronic administration of RE (150 mg/Kg) and GGRE (150 mg/Kg) improved, respectively, spatial and retention memory, as assessed by the Morris Water Maze (MWM), and the Elevated Plus Maze (EPM) in healthy male rats. However, no improvements were observed during the novel object recognition. Finally, male, and female rats were chronically treated with lipopolysaccharide [(LPS) 300 ug/kg] and orally administered with RE. Interestingly, RE reversed LPS-induced cognitive deficit during the MWM and EPM in female rats. Conclusions: We found that MNE improved cognition in both zebrafish and rats. Moreover, MNE rescued LPS-induced cognitive impairment in a gender-specific manner. Therefore, our study supports the view that zebrafish represent a valuable preclinical model for drug discovery in neuroscience. These findings contribute to an exciting and growing body of research suggesting that MNE may play an important role in the prevention of cognitive impairment.
Development of a KRAS-Associated Metabolic Risk Model for Prognostic Prediction in Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Ma Zuyi , Li Zhenchong , Zhou Zixuan , Zhuang Hongkai , Liu Chunsheng , Huang Bowen , Gong Yuanfeng , Zou Yiping , Zheng Zehao , Yang LinLing , Huang Shanzhou , Zhang Chuanzhao , Hou Baohua 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: KRAS was reported to affect some metabolic genes and promote metabolic reprogramming in solid tumors. However, there is no comprehensive analysis to explore KRAS associated metabolic signature or risk model for Pancreatic cancer (PC).Methods: In current study, multiple bioinformatics analyses were used to identify differentially expressed metabolic genes based on KRAS mutation status in PC. Then we developed and validated a prognostic risk model based on the selected KRAS-associated metabolic genes. Besides, we explored the association of the risk model and the metabolic characteristics as well as Gemcitabine associated chemoresistance in PC.Results: 6 KRAS-associated metabolic genes (i.e. CYP2S1, GPX3, FTCD, ENPP2, UGT1A10, and XDH) were selected and were enrolled to establish a prognostic risk model. The prognostic model had a high C-index of 0.733 for overall survival (OS) in the TCGA pancreatic cancer database. The area under the curve (AUC) values of 1- and 3-year survival were both greater than 0.70. Then the risk model was validated in two GEO datasets and also presented a satisfactory discrimination and calibration performance. Further, we found that the expression of some KRAS-driven glycolysis associated genes (PKM, GLUT1, HK2, and LDHA) and Gemcitabine associated chemoresistance genes (i.e. CDA and RMM2) were significantly up-regulated in high-risk PC patients evaluated by the risk model.Conclusions: We constructed a risk model based on 6 KRAS associated metabolic genes, which predicts patients' survival with high accuracy and reflects tumor metabolic characteristics and Gemcitabine associated chemoresistance in PC.
Prognostic and Predictive Value of FCER1G in Glioma Outcomes and Response to Immunotherapy
Authors: Xu Houshi , Zhu Qingwei , Tang Lan , Jiang Junkun , Yuan Huiwen , Zhang Anke , Lou Meiqing 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Purpose: Glioma is the most prevalent malignant form of brain tumors, with a dismal prognosis. Currently, cancer immunotherapy has emerged as a revolutionary treatment for patients with advanced highly aggressive therapy-resistant tumors. However, there is no effective biomarker to reflect the response to immunotherapy in glioma patient so far. So we aim to assess the clinical predictive value of FCER1G in patients with glioma. Methods: The expression level and correlation between clinical prognosis and FER1G levels were analyzed with the data from CGGA, TCGA, and GEO database. Univariate and multivariate cox regression model was built to predict the prognosis of glioma patients with multiple factors. Then the correlation between FCER1G with immune cell infiltration and activation was analyzed. At last, we predict the immunotherapeutic response in both high and low FCER1G expression subgroups.Results: FCER1G was significantly higher in glioma with greater malignancy and predicted poor prognosis. In multivariate analysis, the hazard ratio of FCER1G expression (Low versus High) was 0.66 and 95% CI is 0.54 to 0.79 (P <0.001), whereas age (HR=1.26, 95% CI=1.04-1.52), grade (HR=2.75, 95% CI=2.06-3.68), tumor recurrence (HR=2.17, 95% CI=1.81-2.62), IDH mutant (HR=2.46, 95% CI=1.97-3.01) and chemotherapeutic status (HR=1.4, 95% CI=1.20-1.80) are also included. Furthermore, we illustrated that gene FCER1G stratified glioma cases into high and low FCER1G expression subgroups that demonstrated with distinct clinical outcomes and T cell activation. At last, we demonstrated that high FCER1G levels presented great immunotherapeutic response in glioma patients.Conclusions: This study demonstrated FCER1G as a novel predictor for clinical diagnosis, prognosis, and response to immunotherapy in glioma patient. Assess expression of FCER1G is a promising method to discover patients that may benefit from immunotherapy.
Fat and Carbohydrate Distribution in Maternal Diet Programs Liver Sirtuin-1 Expression and Fatty acid Profile in Offspring
Authors: Mousavi Seyedeh Neda , Dorraji Mir Saeed Seyed , Gharacheh Sara , Koohdani Fariba 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Amount of fat and carbohydrate in maternal diet during gestation and lactation has permanent effects on fetal metabolism. SIRT1 is a nutrient-responsive histone deacetylase that modulates the lipid and glucose metabolism in response to energy stress and extends life span. To study the effects of carbohydrate and fat distribution in a maternal isocaloric diet on fetal gene and protein levels of SIRT1, as well as liver fatty acid profile.Methods: Twenty C57BL/6 female mice were inseminated and randomly received the AIN 93G isocaloric pair-fed LF-HC (16% and 64% of calorie as fat and carbohydrate) or HF-LC (48% and 32% of calorie as fat and carbohydrate) diet during gestation and lactation. After weaning, all offspring received LF-HC diet up to the adolescence. Liver tissue were extracted for final analysis. Results: SIRT1 gene and protein levels were lower in both sexes born from HF-LC-fed mothers than LF-HC-fed one, significant differences were only observed between males in the gene expression (p<0.001) and females in protein level (p<0.001). Saturated fatty acids and cholesterol were increased while unsaturated fatty acids decreased at the liver of male and female offspring born from HF-LC-fed mothers (p<0.001). Conclusions: Maternal dietary fat and carbohydrate distribution, regardless of calorie intake, modify the offspring hepatic fatty acid profile, as well as SIRT1 gene and protein expression which effects on life span.
Familial Hypertriglyceridemia: An Entity with Distinguishable Features from other Causes of Hypertriglyceridemia
Authors: Cruz-Bautista Ivette , Chagoya Alicia Huerta , Macias Hortencia Moreno , Rodríguez-Guillén Rosario , Ordóñez-Sánchez Maria Luisa , Segura_Kato Yayoi , Almeda-Valdez Paloma , Gomez-Munguia Liseth , De Chavez Ximena Ruiz , Rosas-Flota Ximena , Camacho Areli Andrade , Bernal-Barroeta Barbara , Guillen-Pineda Luz Elizabeth , Lopez-Carrasco Maria Guadalupe , Lopez-Estrada Angelina , Elias-Lopez Daniel , Rosado Alexandro Martagon , Gomez-Velasco Donaji , Chavolla Omar Bello- , Olvera Fabiola Del Razo , Perez Lucely Del Carmen Cetina , Rodriguez Jose Luis Acosta , Luna Maria Teresa Tusie , Aguilar-Salinas Carlos A. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Familial hypertriglyceridemia (FHTG) is a partially characterized primary dyslipidemia which is frequently confused with other forms hypertriglyceridemia. The aim of our study is to search for specific features that help clinicians in the recognition of FHTG. APPROACH: We included 84 FHTG cases, 728 subjects with mild-to-moderate hypertriglyceridemia (CHTG) and 609 normotriglyceridemic controls for genetic, clinical and biochemical assessment. A set of 53 SNPs previously associated to TG levels, as well as 37 rare variants within the main five genes associated to hypertriglyceridemia (i.e. LPL, APOC2, APOA5, LMF1 and GPIHBP1) were analyzed. A panel of endocrine regulatory proteins closely related to triglycerides homeostasis were compared between FHTG and CHTG.RESULTS: Compared to CHTG, FHTG subjects had higher HOMA-IR, apolipoprotein AII, FGF21, ANGPTL3 and ANGPTL4 concentrations and lower HOMA-B%, apolipoprotein B and leptin. The polygenic set of SNPs, previously associated with triglyceride levels, accounted for 1.78% of the explained variance of triglyceride levels in FHTG and 6.73% in CHTG. CONCLUSION: The clinical and genetic differences observed between FHTG and CHTG supports the notion that FHTG is a unique entity, distinguishable from other causes of hypertriglyceridemia by the higher concentrations of insulin, FGF21, ANGPTL3, apoAII and lower levels of apoB. We propose the inclusion of these analytes as useful markers to distinguish FHTG from other causes of hypertriglyceridemia.
Effects of Short Term Omega-3 Supplementation on Body Composition, Food Intake, and Lipid Proﬁle in Elite Athletes: A Double-blind Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Moradi Sara , Alivand Mohamadreza , Khaje-Bishak Yaser , Asghari-Jafarabadi Mohamad , Alipour Maedeh , alipour beitolah 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background and Aims: animal studies consistently showed a key role for omega-3s in decreasing fat mass (FM). Also, previous studies have shown that increased omega-3 stimulates fat loss in individuals who experience obesity, diabetes and metabolic syndrome. However, it is not known whether omega-3 supplementation make similar effects in healthy individuals with low FM. This study aimed to investigate the effects of omega-3 on changes in body composition, food intake, and lipid proﬁle in healthy athletes.Methods: 36 healthy men were allocated into either the supplement or the placebo group. Dietary intake assessed by the 24-hour food recall, before and after the intervention. Anthropometric measures, blood pressure, and lipid proﬁle were measured at baseline and after 3-weeks.Results: The weight did not signiﬁcantly change at the end of the study. Body fat percent decreased signiﬁcantly at the end of the study in the omega-3 group (p= 0.003), but intergroup differences were not signiﬁcant. FM decreased but fat free mass (FFM) increased in omega-3 groups (p<0.05). In Lipid proﬁle indices just HDL-C increased (for omega-3 group p=0.001; for placebo group p=0.01; after adjustments p=0.78). Also, in the omega-3 group, energy intake (p=0.0007) and protein intake (p=0.04) after intervention increased, but after baseline adjustments they were not significant.Conclusion: 3-week omega-3 supplementation seems to be not effective in decreased FM, and increased HDL-C, and energy and protein intake in elite athletes. Further studies are recommended to determine the effect of different doses of omega-3 on adipose tissue in athletes with low FM.Clinical Trial Registration The present study was prospectively registered at the Iranian Registry of Clinical Studies on December 19, 2019 (ID: 20190625044008N1). https://en.irct.ir/trial/43332.
Providing Measurement, Evaluation, Accountability, and Leadership Support for NCDs&nbsp;Prevention in Ghana: Adapting the INFORMAS&nbsp;Approach&nbsp;&nbsp;
Authors: Laar Amos , Kelly Bridget , Holdsworth Michelle , Quarpong Wilhemina , Aryeetey Richmond , Amevinya Gideon , Tandoh Akua , Agyemang Charles , Zotor Francis , Laar Matilda E. , Mensah Kobby , Laryea Dennis , Asiki Gershim , Pradeilles Rebecca , Sellen Daniel , L’Abbe Mary , Vandevijvere Stefanie 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BackgroundLike most other countries, Ghana is experiencing an increase in obesity and nutrition-related non-communicable diseases (NR-NCDs). The need to adopt effective and comprehensive interventions/approaches to address this burden at global, regional, and national levels has been recognized. However, there is limited contextualized evidence on the implementation, and efficacy of approaches that can address NCDs in Ghana. In an earlier study, we assessed food environment priorities, and programme implementation gaps in Ghana. Building on that, this paper describes the rationale, adaptation and final protocol of a project developed to address this: The Measurement, Evaluation, Accountability, and Leadership Support for NCDs (MEALS4NCDs) project. The MEALS4NCDs project aims to measure and support public sector actions that create healthy food marketing, retail and provisioning environments for Ghanaian children, using adapted methods from the International Network for Food and Obesity/NCDs Research Monitoring and Action Support (INFORMAS). The research will facilitate understanding of the processes through which the INFORMAS approach is contextualized to a lower-middle income African context. MethodsThe protocol for this observational study draws substantially from the INFORMAS’ Food Promotion and Food Provision Modules. However, to appraise the readiness of local communities to implement interventions with strong potential to improve Ghanaian children’s food environments, the MEALS4NCDs protocol has innovatively integrated a local community participatory approach based on the Community Readiness Model (CRM) into the INFORMAS approaches. DiscussionThe study establishes a standardised approach to providing implementation science evidence for NCDs prevention in Ghana. It aims to demonstrate feasibility and innovative application of the INFORMAS expanded Food promotion and Food provision modules, together with the integration of the CRM in a lower-middle income setting. The protocol could be adapted for similar country settings to monitor relevant aspects of children’s food environments. Trial registrationNot applicable