bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Digital Twin for Lift Planning With Offshore Heave Compensated Cranes
Authors: Moslått Geir-Arne , Padovani Damiano , Hansen Michael Rygaard 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This paper presents a state-of-the-art digital twin of a hydraulic actuated winch that is used for heave compensation in offshore applications. The digital twin is used as part of a larger simulation model that involves all necessary components to perform lift planning and, subsequently, determine the corresponding weather window. The winch simulation model is described and verified by means of full-scale measurements. In addition, a set of acceptance criteria are presented that should be used whenever verifying digital twins of heave compensating winches that are to be used for lift planning.
Periodic Numerical Rough Surface Filtered Generation
Authors: Liu Runqing , Tao Tao , Mei Xuesong 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Numerical surface filtered generation is one of the main methods for generating numerical rough surfaces, but when faced with rough surfaces with waviness or large periodicity, traditional filtering methods cannot be implemented well. Because of this, the paper adopts the method of decomposing and synthesizing the maximum period and random part of the periodic rough surface. By decomposing the statistical parameters of the target surface, the statistical parameters of the ideal periodic surface and the random surface are generated, respectively, and then according to the surface parameters generate the surfaces and synthesize them. By comparing the statistical parameters and morphology of the synthesized surface with its actual surface, it can be found that this method can well achieve the generation of periodic rough surfaces, which is a good improvement to the original filter generation method.
Filler Dispersion and Unidirectional Sliding Characteristics of As-Cast and Multi-Pass Friction Stir Processed ZrB2/AA7075 In-Situ Composites
Authors: Prasad Rabindra , Kumar Harikishor , Kumar Parshant , Tewari S. P. , Singh J. K. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractDespite the fabrication of particulate-reinforced composites via friction stir processing (FSP), an attempt was made to utilize FSP for the homogenization of filler dispersion in ZrB2/AA7075 in-situ composites fabricated via stir casting route, with varying weight percentages of ZrB2. The friction stir processing was performed for up to three passes with 100% overlap. The as-cast and friction stir processed (FSPed) composites were characterized for their microstructural, microhardness, and tribological behavior. The microstructural features revealed the increase in the misorientation angle among grain boundaries, with an increase in ZrB2 content and a number of FSP passes. Furthermore, the homogeneity of ZrB2 particles in the Al alloy matrix was significantly influenced by the number of FSP passes, which was quantified by Lorenz curves and Gini Indices. The FSPed alloy and composites exhibited higher microhardness as compared to their un-processed counterparts. The tribological behavior was investigated for three different load levels, i.e., 15 N, 30 N, and 45 N. The slope of the wear-rate at 45 N revealed that the Al-alloy exhibited a considerable increase in wear severity, whereas as-cast and FSPed composites did not show a significant increase. Both wear-rate and coefficient of friction decreased with an increase in the number of FSP passes and ZrB2 content. The scanning electron micrographs of worn surfaces confirmed the reduction in adhesion, abrasion, and delamination with the number of FSP passes. However, the synergism among the three depicted the overall tribological behavior.
Compliance of the Physical Activity Guidelines Accumulated in Bouts ≥10 Min and Nonbouts and Its Association With Body Composition and Physical Function: A Cross-Sectional Study in Brazilian Older Adults
Authors: Ribeiro Anna Gabriela Silva Vilela , Verlengia Rozangela , de Oliveira Maria Rita Marques , Oliveira Matheus Valério Almeida , Pellegrinotti Idico Luiz , Crisp Alex Harley 
Published: October 2020

This study aimed to investigate the association between compliance with the guidelines of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) accumulated in bouts of ≥10 min or nonbouts with body composition and physical function in older adults. The authors evaluated 230 noninstitutionalized older adults. Body composition was estimated using bioimpedance, and physical function was assessed using four physical tests. Physical activities were monitored for 7 days using an accelerometer. Older adults who were physically active according to MVPA in bouts of ≥10 min were less likely to have low appendicular skeletal muscle mass (odds ratio [OR] = 0.12), excess body fat (OR = 0.30), and abdominal obesity (OR = 0.34) and more likely to have a higher physical function (OR = 5.78). No significant association was observed with MVPA nonbout. Our findings indicate that older adults who accumulate MVPA in bouts of ≥10 min have better parameters for body composition and physical function.
Intraoral midline mandibulotomy to improve access for transoral robotic surgery (TORS) base of tongue resection in a retrognathic and microstomic patient
Authors: Bestourous Daniel , Michel Margaret , Badger Christopher , Thakkar Punam , Joshi Arjun S 
Published: October 2020

A 74-year-old man was referred to a tertiary academic otolaryngology clinic for evaluation of a left-sided neck mass with unknown primary. Nuclear imaging modalities revealed a primary cancer located at the left tongue base. Further investigation revealed the tumour to be a p16 positive squamous cell cancer with metastatic spread to cervical lymph nodes of multiple levels. The patient was found on initial investigation to have microstomia and a retrognathic mandible, which are typically considered unsuitable for robotic surgery due to difficulties obtaining adequate exposure.The patient underwent bilateral neck dissection, followed by transoral robotic-assisted left base of tongue resection. A midline intraoral mandibulotomy was performed to improve robotic access. Following tumour resection, the mandible was repaired using open reduction with internal plate fixation. Postoperative occlusion was maintained, and the patient recovered well from mandibulotomy with none of the morbidity or cosmetic defects associated with a traditional lip-split approach.
Helicobacter pyloriinfection and micronutrient deficiency in pregnant women: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Afsar Md. Nure Alam , Jhinu Zannatun Nahar , Bhuiyan Md. Aminul Islam , Islam Zhahirul , Siddiqua Towfida Jahan 
Published: October 2020

BackgroundOver the last few years, epidemiological studies have shown that infection withHelicobacter pylorihas a major effect on micronutrient deficiency as well as on adverse pregnancy outcomes. Importantly, there are gaps in understanding the linkage ofH. pyloriinfection with micronutrients deficiency in pregnant women.ObjectiveWe conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the association betweenH. pyloriinfection and micronutrient deficiencies in pregnant women.MethodsA systematic literature search was conducted for relevant articles using PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus database from inception to March 2020. The OR with 95% CIs was determined by meta-analysis of data extracted from the selected studies.ResultsFrom 2384 primary articles, 6 studies were selected for systematic reviews and 4 studies distinctively (with 1274 participants: 553 cases and 721 controls) were selected for meta-analysis. The meta-analysed fixed effect model estimated the odds of havingH. pyloriinfection was not significantly higher among pregnant women with micronutrient deficiencies than those without deficiencies (OR=1.12, 95% CI 0.88 to 1.42, p=0.37). In the subgroup analysis, no correlation was found betweenH. pyloriinfection and vitamin B12(OR=0.74, 95% CI 0.45 to 1.21, p=0.22), folate (OR=1.07, 95% CI 0.73 to 1.58, p=0.73), and ferritin (OR=0.81, 95% CI 0.51 to 1.31, p=0.4). However, a positive correlation was found between iron-deficiency anaemia (IDA) andH. pyloriinfection (OR=16.23, 95% CI 4.19 to 62.93, p<0.0001) during pregnancy.ConclusionH. pyloriinfection is associated with increased risk of IDA but not with deficiency of other micronutrients in pregnancy.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42019135683.
Enhanced antitumor immunity through sequential targeting of PI3Kδ and LAG3
Authors: Lauder Sarah Nicol , Smart Kathryn , Kersemans Veerle , Allen Danny , Scott Jake , Pires Ana , Milutinovic Stefan , Somerville Michelle , Smart Sean , Kinchesh Paul , Lopez-Guadamillas Elena , Hughes Ellyn , Jones Emma , Scurr Martin , Godkin Andrew , Friedman Lori S , Vanhaesebroeck Bart , Gallimore Awen 
Published: October 2020

BackgroundDespite striking successes, immunotherapies aimed at increasing cancer-specific T cell responses are unsuccessful in most patients with cancer. Inactivating regulatory T cells (Treg) by inhibiting the PI3Kδ signaling enzyme has shown promise in preclinical models of tumor immunity and is currently being tested in early phase clinical trials in solid tumors.MethodsMice bearing 4T1 mammary tumors were orally administered a PI3Kδ inhibitor (PI-3065) daily and tumor growth, survival and T cell infiltrate were analyzed in the tumor microenvironment. A second treatment schedule comprised PI3Kδ inhibitor with anti-LAG3 antibodies administered sequentially 10 days later.ResultsAs observed in human immunotherapy trials with other agents, immunomodulation by PI3Kδ-blockade led to 4T1 tumor regressor and non-regressor mice. Tumor infiltrating T cells in regressors were metabolically fitter than those in non-regressors, with significant enrichments of antigen-specific CD8+T cells, T cell factor 1 (TCF1)+T cells and CD69−T cells, compatible with induction of a sustained tumor-specific T cell response. Treg numbers were significantly reduced in both regressor and non-regressor tumors compared with untreated tumors. The remaining Treg in non-regressor tumors were however significantly enriched with cells expressing the coinhibitory receptor LAG3, compared with Treg in regressor and untreated tumors. This striking difference prompted us to sequentially block PI3Kδ and LAG3. This combination enabled successful therapy of all mice, demonstrating the functional importance of LAG3 in non-regression of tumors on PI3Kδ inhibition therapy. Follow-up studies, performed using additional cancer cell lines, namely MC38 and CT26, indicated that a partial initial response to PI3Kδ inhibition is an essential prerequisite to a sequential therapeutic benefit of anti-LAG3 antibodies.ConclusionsThese data indicate that LAG3 is a key bottleneck to successful PI3Kδ-targeted immunotherapy and provide a rationale for combining PI3Kδ/LAG3 blockade in future clinical studies.
Deep immunophenotyping at the single-cell level identifies a combination of anti-IL-17 and checkpoint blockade as an effective treatment in a preclinical model of data-guided personalized immunotherapy
Authors: Nagaoka Koji , Shirai Masataka , Taniguchi Kiyomi , Hosoi Akihiro , Sun Changbo , Kobayashi Yukari , Maejima Kazuhiro , Fujita Masashi , Nakagawa Hidewaki , Nomura Sachiyo , Kakimi Kazuhiro 
Published: October 2020

BackgroundAlthough immune checkpoint blockade is effective for several malignancies, a substantial number of patients remain refractory to treatment. The future of immunotherapy will be a personalized approach adapted to each patient’s cancer-immune interactions in the tumor microenvironment (TME) to prevent suppression of antitumor immune responses. To demonstrate the feasibility of this kind of approach, we developed combination therapy for a preclinical model guided by deep immunophenotyping of the TME.MethodsGastric cancer cell lines YTN2 and YTN16 were subcutaneously inoculated into C57BL/6 mice. YTN2 spontaneously regresses, while YTN16 grows progressively. Bulk RNA-Seq, single-cell RNA-Seq (scRNA-Seq) and flow cytometry were performed to investigate the immunological differences in the TME of these tumors.ResultsBulk RNA-Seq demonstrated that YTN16 tumor cells produced CCL20 and that CD8+T cell responses were impaired in these tumors relative to YTN2. We have developed a vertical flow array chip (VFAC) for targeted scRNA-Seq to identify unique subtypes of T cells by employing a panel of genes reflecting T cell phenotypes and functions. CD8+T cell dysfunction (cytotoxicity, proliferation and the recruitment of interleukin-17 (IL-17)-producing cells into YTN16 tumors) was identified by targeted scRNA-Seq. The presence of IL-17-producing T cells in YTN16 tumors was confirmed by flow cytometry, which also revealed neutrophil infiltration. IL-17 blockade suppressed YTN16 tumor growth, while tumors were rejected by the combination of anti-IL-17 and anti-PD-1 (Programmed cell death protein 1) mAb treatment. Reduced neutrophil activation and enhanced expansion of neoantigen-specific CD8+T cells were observed in tumors of the mice receiving the combination therapy.ConclusionsDeep phenotyping of YTN16 tumors identified a sequence of events on the axis CCL20->IL-17-producing cells->IL-17-neutrophil-angiogenesis->suppression of neoantigen-specific CD8+T cells which was responsible for the lack of tumor rejection. IL-17 blockade together with anti-PD-1 mAb therapy eradicated these YTN16 tumors. Thus, the deep immunological phenotyping can guide immunotherapy for the tailored treatment of each individual patient’s tumor.
Effects of metformin on disease flares in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: post hoc analyses from two randomised trials
Authors: Sun Fangfang , Geng Shikai , Wang Haiting , Wang Huijing , Liu Zhe , Wang Xiaodong , Li Ting , Wan Weiguo , Lu Liangjing , Teng Xiangyu , Morel Laurence , Ye Shuang 
Published: October 2020

ObjectiveTo confirm that metformin prevents flares in patients with SLE with low disease activity, we performed a post hoc analysis combining our previous two randomised trials.MethodsPost hoc analyses were performed on data from the open-labelled proof-of-concept trial (n=113, ChiCTR-TRC-12002419) and placebo-controlled ‘Met Lupus’ trial (n=140,NCT02741960) comparing the efficacy of metformin versus placebo/nil add-on to standard therapy in patients with SLE with low disease activity (SELENA-SLEDAI ≤4). The primary endpoint was defined by the SELENA-SLEDAI Flare Index at 12-month follow-up. A subgroup analysis was performed.ResultsOverall, 201 eligible patients were included, with 99 allocated to metformin group and 102 allocated to the placebo/nil group. By 12 months of follow-up, 21 patients (21.2%) flared in the metformin group, as compared with 36 (35.3%) in the placebo/nil group (p=0.027, risk ratio=0.68, 95% CI 0.46 to 0.96). Subgroup analysis showed that patients with negative anti-dsDNA antibody and normal complement at baseline, and a disease duration <5 years with concomitant use of hydroxychloroquine had a better response to metformin.ConclusionPost hoc pooled analyses suggested that metformin reduced subsequent disease flares in patients with SLE with low disease activity, especially for serologically quiescent patients.
Inhibition of angiotensin II–induced hypertrophy and cardiac dysfunction by North American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius)
Authors: Tang Xilan , Gan Xiaohong Tracey , Jong Chian Ju , Rajapurohitam Venkatesh , Karmazyn Morris 
Published: October 2020

We determined whether North American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.) mitigates the effect of angiotensin II on hypertrophy and heart failure. Angiotensin II (0.3 mg/kg) was administered to rats for 2 or 4 weeks in the presence or absence of ginseng pretreatment. The effect of ginseng (10 μg/mL) on angiotensin II (100 nM) – induced hypertrophy was also determined in neonatal rat ventricular myocytes. We also determined effects of ginseng on fatty acid and glucose oxidation by measuring gene and protein expression levels of key factors. Angiotensin II treatment for 2 and 4 weeks induced cardiac hypertrophy as evidenced by increased heart weights, as well as the upregulation of the hypertrophy-related fetal gene expression levels, with all effects being abolished by ginseng. Ginseng also reduced abnormalities in left ventricular function as well as the angiotensin II–induced increased blood pressure. In myocytes, ginseng abolished the hypertrophic response to angiotensin II as assessed by surface area and gene expression of molecular markers of hypertrophy. Ginseng modulated angiotensin II–induced abnormalities in gene expression and protein levels of CD36, CPT1M, Glut4, and PDK4 in vivo and in vitro. In conclusion, ginseng suppresses angiotensin II–induced cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction which is related to normalization of fatty acid and glucose oxidation.
Maternal body size and age govern reproduction and offspring phenotype in the zig-zag ladybird beetle (Menochilus sexmaculatus)
Authors: Singh Shashwat , Mishra Geetanjali , Omkar  
Published: October 2020

Maternal effects are possible channels through which mothers provision their offspring differentially, thereby affecting offspring phenotype. We investigated maternal effects in the zig-zag ladybird beetle (Menochilus sexmaculatus (Fabricius, 1781) = Cheilomenes sexmaculata (Fabricius, 1781)) in response to body size (induced by different feeding regimes during larval development) and their age within the reproductive cycle. Different-sized females were permitted to mate and were provided with daily-replenished ad libitum prey. After mating, reproductive output and developmental duration of offspring from different oviposition days were recorded. We hypothesized that small females would lay smaller and fewer eggs than larger females, and that egg mass would also reduce with increased maternal age. In our study, the larger mothers laid more eggs per day. Small and large mothers oviposited maximally at middle age. Maternal age did not influence the egg mass, although it was slightly higher in the case of older, larger females. Offspring from old, small and large mothers developed rapidly. This nimble development could be an adaptive strategy for the use of ephemeral aphid patches. The results of the study are indicative of this ladybird species’ ability to adjust their offspring’s life-history traits, a feature more prominent in larger females.
Effect of brane tension on reheating parameters in small field inflation according to Planck-2018 data
Authors: Sakhi Z. , El Bourakadi K. , Safsafi A. , Ferricha-Alami M. , Chakir H. , Bennai M. 
Published: October 2020

We study a new reheating approach in the framework of standard and braneworld inflation. Using the technique developed in Ref. 1, we consider a small field arctangent potential and show that this approach can be similarly applied within Randall–Sundrum type 2 scenario and provide additional constraints to reheating temperature [Formula: see text] and duration of reheating [Formula: see text]. We found that in brane case the effective equation-of-state parameter [Formula: see text] must be close to 1, to satisfy Planck-2018 joint constraints on [Formula: see text].
Conjugation curvature for Cayley graphs
Authors: Bar-Natan Assaf , Duchin Moon , Kropholler Robert 
Published: October 2020

We introduce a notion of Ricci curvature for Cayley graphs that can be thought of as “medium-scale” because it is neither infinitesimal nor asymptotic, but based on a chosen finite radius parameter. We argue that it gives the foundation for a definition of Ricci curvature well adapted to geometric group theory, beginning by observing that the sign can easily be characterized in terms of conjugation in the group. With this conjugation curvature [Formula: see text], abelian groups are identically flat, and in the other direction we show that [Formula: see text] implies the group is virtually abelian. Beyond that, [Formula: see text] captures known curvature phenomena in right-angled Artin groups (including free groups) and nilpotent groups, and has a strong relationship to other group-theoretic notions like growth rate and dead ends. We study dependence on generators and behavior under embeddings, and close with directions for further development and study.
Autofluorescence Imaging of 3D Tumor–Macrophage Microscale Cultures Resolves Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of Macrophage Metabolism
Authors: Heaster Tiffany M. , Humayun Mouhita , Yu Jiaquan , Beebe David J. , Skala Melissa C. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Macrophages within the tumor microenvironment (TME) exhibit a spectrum of protumor and antitumor functions, yet it is unclear how the TME regulates this macrophage heterogeneity. Standard methods to measure macrophage heterogeneity require destructive processing, limiting spatiotemporal studies of function within the live, intact 3D TME. Here, we demonstrate two-photon autofluorescence imaging of NAD(P)H and FAD to nondestructively resolve spatiotemporal metabolic heterogeneity of individual macrophages within 3D microscale TME models. Fluorescence lifetimes and intensities of NAD(P)H and FAD were acquired at 24, 48, and 72 hours poststimulation for mouse macrophages (RAW264.7) stimulated with IFNγ or IL4 plus IL13 in 2D culture, confirming that autofluorescence measurements capture known metabolic phenotypes. To quantify metabolic dynamics of macrophages within the TME, mouse macrophages or human monocytes (RAW264.7 or THP-1) were cultured alone or with breast cancer cells (mouse polyoma-middle T virus or primary human IDC) in 3D microfluidic platforms. Human monocytes and mouse macrophages in tumor cocultures exhibited significantly different FAD mean lifetimes and greater migration than monocultures at 24, 48, and 72 hours postseeding. In cocultures with primary human cancer cells, actively migrating monocyte-derived macrophages had greater redox ratios [NAD(P)H/FAD intensity] compared with passively migrating monocytes at 24 and 48 hours postseeding, reflecting metabolic heterogeneity in this subpopulation of monocytes. Genetic analyses further confirmed this metabolic heterogeneity. These results establish label-free autofluorescence imaging to quantify dynamic metabolism, polarization, and migration of macrophages at single-cell resolution within 3D microscale models. This combined culture and imaging system provides unique insights into spatiotemporal tumor–immune cross-talk within the 3D TME.

Significance:
Label-free metabolic imaging and microscale culture technologies enable monitoring of single-cell macrophage metabolism, migration, and function in the 3D tumor microenvironment.