bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostication of Bioremediation Requisite Around Industrially Contaminated Environment: A Review
Authors: Vyas Charu , Waoo Ashwini A. 
Published: March 2020

Background:
Noxious effects of heavy metal pollution on environment have created an
alarming situation for human life and aquatic biota and a consequent want for focus on an effort for
remediation, because of its high persistence, non-degradable nature, high toxicity and bioaccumulation
tendency. Further, heavy metals cannot be converted into non-toxic forms and can only be transformed
into less toxic species. Cement dust includes heavy metals like nickel, cobalt, lead, chromium and
many other pollutants unsafe to the biotic surroundings, with unfavorable effects on plants, human and
animal fitness and ecosystems.

Objective:
In the present work, research objectives were to study heavy metal pollution, with a view to
establish the contamination status of soil, from cement dust contaminated soils/sediments from various
locations around different cement industrial zones in Satna region. The main purpose of this research was
to emphasize on the efforts and requisites towards microbial consortium-enhanced bioremediation of
heavy metals by bacteria and then study microbial diversity profile through shotgun metagenomics
approach.

Methods:
For this, the isolation of heavy metal tolerant bacterial strains, biostimulation of native
strains of microorganisms (bacterial strains) for heavy metal degradation and evaluation of bioaugmented
mediated microbial consortium-enhanced bioremediation potential of selected bacterial strains as individual
isolates and/or their consortium at the laboratory scale level and then at a large scale were carried out.

Result:
Through these efforts, in the future, novel efficient tolerant species and their consortium could
be explored which could have great bioremediation potential for the uptake of heavy metals from cement
dust contaminated soil/sediments, near areas of cement and other industries in Satna region. This
review article confirms the prognostication of bioremediation in Satna region.

Conclusion:
This small vision and efforts of bioremediation could prove to be a small beneficial step
and lead to an overall improvement of the socio-economic condition of the locality of Satna and the
nearby region. This could be very beneficial for residential people by creating a healthy environment.
Soil metagenomics initiatives might be a useful resource to the scientific community and will provide a
much greater understanding of microbial diversity and functions in the soil.
Perspectives Toward Seeking Treatment Among Patients With Psoriasis: Protocol for a Twitter Content Analysis
Authors: Reuter Katja , Lee Delphine 
Published: March 2020

BackgroundPsoriasis is an autoimmune disease estimated to affect more than 6 million adults in the United States. It poses a significant public health problem and contributes to rising health care costs, affecting people’s quality of life and ability to work. Previous research showed that nontreatment and undertreatment of patients with psoriasis remain a significant problem. Perspectives of patients toward seeking psoriasis treatment are understudied. Social media offers a new data source of user-generated content. Researchers suggested that the social network Twitter may serve as a rich avenue for exploring how patients communicate about their health issues.ObjectiveThe objective of this study is to conduct a content analysis of Twitter posts (in English) published by users in the United States between February 1, 2016, and October 31, 2018, to examine perspectives that potentially influence the treatment decision among patients with psoriasis.MethodsUser-generated Twitter posts that include keywords related to psoriasis will be analyzed using text classifiers to identify themes related to the research questions. We will use Symplur Signals, a health care social media analytics platform, to access the Twitter data. We will use descriptive statistics to analyze the data and identify the most prevalent topics in the Twitter content among people with psoriasis.ResultsThis study is supported by the National Center for Advancing Translational Science through a Clinical and Translational Science Award award. Study approval was obtained from the institutional review board at the University of Southern California. Data extraction and cleaning are complete. For the time period from February 1, 2016, to October 31, 2018, we obtained 95,040 Twitter posts containing terms related to “psoriasis” from users in the United States published in English. After removing duplicates, retweets, and non-English tweets, we found that 75.51% (52,301/69,264) of the psoriasis-related posts were sent by commercial or bot-like accounts, while 16,963 posts were noncommercial and will be included in the analysis to assess the patient perspective. Analysis was completed in Summer 2020.ConclusionsThis protocol paper provides a detailed description of a social media research project including the process of data extraction, cleaning, and analysis. It is our goal to contribute to the development of more transparent social media research efforts. Our findings will shed light on whether Twitter provides a promising data source for garnering patient perspective data about psoriasis treatment decisions. The data will also help to determine whether Twitter might serve as a potential outreach platform for raising awareness of psoriasis and treatment options among patients and implementing related health interventions.International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)DERR1-10.2196/13731
Predicting Metabolic Syndrome With Machine Learning Models Using a Decision Tree Algorithm: Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Yu Cheng-Sheng , Lin Yu-Jiun , Lin Chang-Hsien , Wang Sen-Te , Lin Shiyng-Yu , Lin Sanders H , Wu Jenny L , Chang Shy-Shin 
Published: March 2020

Background
Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of disorders that significantly influence the development and deterioration of numerous diseases. FibroScan is an ultrasound device that was recently shown to predict metabolic syndrome with moderate accuracy. However, previous research regarding prediction of metabolic syndrome in subjects examined with FibroScan has been mainly based on conventional statistical models. Alternatively, machine learning, whereby a computer algorithm learns from prior experience, has better predictive performance over conventional statistical modeling.

Objective
We aimed to evaluate the accuracy of different decision tree machine learning algorithms to predict the state of metabolic syndrome in self-paid health examination subjects who were examined with FibroScan.

Methods
Multivariate logistic regression was conducted for every known risk factor of metabolic syndrome. Principal components analysis was used to visualize the distribution of metabolic syndrome patients. We further applied various statistical machine learning techniques to visualize and investigate the pattern and relationship between metabolic syndrome and several risk variables.

Results
Obesity, serum glutamic-oxalocetic transaminase, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase, controlled attenuation parameter score, and glycated hemoglobin emerged as significant risk factors in multivariate logistic regression. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve values for classification and regression trees and for the random forest were 0.831 and 0.904, respectively.

Conclusions
Machine learning technology facilitates the identification of metabolic syndrome in self-paid health examination subjects with high accuracy.
Identification of the Facial Features of Patients With Cancer: A Deep Learning–Based Pilot Study
Authors: Liang Bin , Yang Na , He Guosheng , Huang Peng , Yang Yong 
Published: March 2020

Background
Cancer has become the second leading cause of death globally. Most cancer cases are due to genetic mutations, which affect metabolism and result in facial changes.

Objective
In this study, we aimed to identify the facial features of patients with cancer using the deep learning technique.

Methods
Images of faces of patients with cancer were collected to build the cancer face image data set. A face image data set of people without cancer was built by randomly selecting images from the publicly available MegaAge data set according to the sex and age distribution of the cancer face image data set. Each face image was preprocessed to obtain an upright centered face chip, following which the background was filtered out to exclude the effects of nonrelative factors. A residual neural network was constructed to classify cancer and noncancer cases. Transfer learning, minibatches, few epochs, L2 regulation, and random dropout training strategies were used to prevent overfitting. Moreover, guided gradient-weighted class activation mapping was used to reveal the relevant features.

Results
A total of 8124 face images of patients with cancer (men: n=3851, 47.4%; women: n=4273, 52.6%) were collected from January 2018 to January 2019. The ages of the patients ranged from 1 year to 70 years (median age 52 years). The average faces of both male and female patients with cancer displayed more obvious facial adiposity than the average faces of people without cancer, which was supported by a landmark comparison. When testing the data set, the training process was terminated after 5 epochs. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.94, and the accuracy rate was 0.82. The main relative feature of cancer cases was facial skin, while the relative features of noncancer cases were extracted from the complementary face region.

Conclusions
In this study, we built a face data set of patients with cancer and constructed a deep learning model to classify the faces of people with and those without cancer. We found that facial skin and adiposity were closely related to the presence of cancer.
Association of Primary Care Involvement with Death or Hospitalizations for Patients Starting Dialysis
Authors: Silver Samuel A. , Bota Sarah E. , McArthur Eric , Clemens Kristin K. , Harel Ziv , Naylor Kyla L. , Sood Manish M. , Garg Amit X. , Wald Ron 
Published: March 2020

Background and objectives
It is uncertain whether primary care physician continuity of care associates with a lower risk of death and hospitalization among patients transitioning to maintenance dialysis.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
Using provincial-linked administrative databases in Ontario, Canada, we conducted a population-based study of incident patients who initiated maintenance dialysis between 2005 and 2014 and survived for at least 90 days. We defined high primary care physician continuity as both a high usual provider of care index (where >75% of primary care physician visits occurred with the same primary care physician) in the 2 years before dialysis (an established measure of primary care physician continuity) and at least one visit with the same primary care physician in the 90 days after dialysis initiation. We used propensity scores to match a group of patients with high and low continuity so that indicators of baseline health were similar. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality, and secondary outcomes included all-cause and disease-specific hospitalizations during the 2 years after maintenance dialysis initiation.

Results
We identified 19,099 eligible patients. There were 6612 patients with high primary care physician continuity, of whom 6391 (97%) were matched to 6391 patients with low primary care physician continuity. High primary care physician continuity was not associated with a lower risk of mortality (14.5 deaths per 100 person-years versus 15.2 deaths per 100 person-years; hazard ratio, 0.96; 95% confidence interval, 0.89 to 1.02). There was no difference in the rate of all-cause hospitalizations (hazard ratio, 0.96; 95% confidence interval, 0.92 to 1.01), and high primary care physician continuity was not associated with a lower risk of any disease-specific hospitalization, except for those related to diabetes (hazard ratio, 0.88; 95% confidence interval, 0.80 to 0.97).

Conclusions
High primary care physician continuity before and during the transition to maintenance dialysis was not associated with a lower risk of mortality or all-cause hospitalization.
Prospects for the Development of Renewable Energy in the Crimean Peninsula
Authors: Guryev V. V. , Kuvshinov V. V. , Yakimovich B. A. 
Published: March 2020

Крымский полуостров сегодня – флагман развития возобновляемой энергетики, поскольку является не только активно развивающимся регионом, но и курортным центром. Энергетический комплекс Крымского полуострова за последние годы увеличился благодаря строительству новых электрических станций (Балаклавской ТЭС и Таврической ТЭС) суммарной мощностью 940 МВт, а также строительству новых ЛЭП 220 и 330 кВ, что обеспечило покрытие дефицита энергоснабжения полуострова. Произведен обзор регионального развития и использования возобновляемых источников энергии. На основании полученных данных проведен анализ проблем и перспектив развития возобновляемой энергетики в регионе.Развитие возобновляемых источников энергии (ВИЭ) для Крымского полуострова играет важную роль в целях достижения экологической безопасности и развития экономического потенциала региона. Обосновано приоритетное использования ВИЭ в регионе, а также решение возникающих проблем при увеличении доли ВИЭ в составе суммарной генерации. Появление избытка электроэнергии в энергосистеме и наличие возможности балансирования вырабатываемой мощности ВИЭ и тепловых электростанций ведет к снижению стоимости электроэнергии. Инвестиционная привлекательность и активный рост населения в регионе обусловливает увеличение генерирующей мощности и увеличение маневренности энергосистемы при существенном влиянии возобновляемых источников энергии. Эффективность работы ВИЭ в энергосистеме, мировой опыт управления генерацией ВИЭ, фактическое влияние ВИЭ на энергосистему в условиях дефицита электроэнергии, прогнозные графики работы солнечных электростанций (СЭС) ВЭС, предоставляемые субъектами электроэнергетики в установленном порядке, учитываются при формировании диспетчерского графика.Существующий опыт действующих СЭС в энергосистеме Республики Крым и г. Севастополя требует дополнительных исследований, в том числе путем проведения натурных испытаний генерирующего оборудования. Дальнейшие натурные испытания должны проводиться в условиях реального электроэнергетического режима работы энергосистемы, для чего требуется внедрение современных информационных технологий, обеспечивающих обмен технологической информацией и реализацию соответствующих управляющих воздействий. Ведется работа по созданию нормативной базы регулирования работы ВИЭ.
Research of ADG4XX Series Integrated Microcircuits Radiation Hardness Regarding Total Ionizing Dose Ef-fects
Authors: Ushakov P. A. , Maksimov K. O. , Dedyukhin A. A. 
Published: March 2020

Современные требования к бортовой радиоэлектронной аппаратуре авиакосмического назначения в значительной степени актуализировали задачу оценки и прогнозирования уровней стойкости электронных компонентов и узлов к радиационным воздействиям. Особый интерес направлен на исследование воздействий полей ионизирующих излучений естественного и искусственного происхождений на интегральные КМОП-микросхемы (комплиментарные микросхемы на транзисторах металл – диэлектрик – полупроводник).Представлена последовательность подготовки и проведения радиационного эксперимента на аппарате «АГАТ-С» с закрытым радионуклидным источником гамма-излучения Со60, а также проанализированы результаты испытаний интегральных микросхем серии ADG4XX (компания Analog Devices) к воздействию ионизирующего излучения в части дозовых эффектов. Исследовано влияние гамма-излучения на функционирование и электрические параметры многоканальных аналоговых коммутаторов/мультиплексоров с учетом топологии кристаллов. В частности получены зависимости наиболее чувствительных параметров объектов исследования относительно фактического уровня накопленной дозы, а также проанализированы причины деградации контролируемых параметров: токов потреблений, токов утечек, пороговых логических напряжений и др.Кроме того, проведен разрушающий физический анализ образцов микросхем с целью установления наиболее чувствительных областей и локализации радиационных эффектов по топологии полупроводниковых кристаллов.Даны результаты расчетной оценки стойкости интегральных микросхем серии ADG4XX: по критериям параметрического отказа минимальный уровень стойкости к дозовым эффектам варьируется от 721 до 1057 рад, а по критериям функционального отказа – от 1088 до 7212 рад для различных микросхем. Полученные данные имеют прикладное значение в случае применения исследуемых изделий в радиационно-стойкой аппаратуре военного, космического и специального назначения.
Pembatalan Qanun Aceh Melalui Executive Review Dan Judicial Review
Authors: Husna Asmaul , Purnama Eddy , Syahbandar Mahdi 
Published: March 2020

Abstrak: Qanun merupakan pengganti dari istilah peraturan daerah yang dikhususkan untuk Provinsi Aceh sebagai salah satu bentuk otonomi khusus. Di dalam hierarki peraturan perundang-undangan, Qanun merupakan salah satu peraturan perundang-undangan yang tata urutannya di bawah Undang-Undang. Oleh karena qanun merupakan peraturan perundang-undangan sejenis perda, maka pemerintah memiliki kewenangan untuk membatalkannya jika qanun tersebut bertentangan dengan ketentuan peraturan perundang-undangan yang lebih tinggi. Pada pertengahan tahun 2016, Kementerian Dalam Negeri (Kemendagri) Republik Indonesia telah membatalkan 3.143 Perda karena dianggap menghambat pertumbuhan ekonomi daerah dan memperpanjang jalur birokrasi. Selain itu, peraturan tersebut juga dianggap menghambat proses perizinan dan investasi serta menghambat kemudahan berusaha. Dari jumlah tersebut terdapat 65 qanun Aceh yang ikut dibatalkan, yang terdiri dari 6 Qanun Provinsi dan 59 Qanun Kabupaten/Kota. Mengenai kewenangan siapa yang sebenarnya berwenang menguji Perda/Qanun tidak ada sebuah kesepakatan pendapat diantara para pakar. Abstract: Qanun is a substitute for the term regional regulation that is specific to Aceh Province as a form of special autonomy. In the hierarchy of statutory regulations, Qanun is one of the statutory regulations whose ordering is under the Law. Because the qanun is a kind of legislation, the government has the authority to cancel it if the qanun is contrary to the provisions of the higher statutory regulations. In mid-2016, the Ministry of Home Affairs (Kemendagri) of the Republic of Indonesia canceled 3,143 regional regulations because they were considered to hamper regional economic growth and extend the bureaucratic path. In addition, the regulation is also seen as hampering the licensing and investment processes and hampering the ease of doing business. Of these, there were 65 Aceh qanuns that were canceled, consisting of 6 Provincial Qanun and 59 District / City Qanun. Regarding the authority of who actually has the authority to examine the Perda / Qanun there is no agreement of opinion among experts.
Bone-anchored maxillary protraction in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate:
Authors: Elabbassy Eman H. , Sabet Noha E. , Hassan Islam T. , Elghoul Dina H. , Elkassaby Marwa A. 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT

Objectives
To assess the effectiveness of bone-anchored maxillary protraction (BAMP) in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) and whether it was enhanced when preceded by maxillary expansion.

Materials and Methods
The sample consisted of 28 growing children (9–13 years old) with UCLP and Class III malocclusion. They were divided into two equal groups. In group I, patients were treated with BAMP not preceded by maxillary expansion. In group II, patients were treated with BAMP preceded by maxillary expansion. To assess treatment changes in three dimensions, Cone-beam computed tomography images were taken 1 week after surgical placement of the miniplates (T1) and after 9 months of treatment (T2).

Results
BAMP produced forward movement of the maxilla in both groups (3.17 mm) and (3.37 mm) respectively, without significant differences between the two groups except for clockwise rotation of the palatal plane in group I (1.60).

Conclusions
BAMP is an effective treatment modality for correcting midface deficiency in patients with UCLP whether or not maxillary expansion was carried out.
Global Disability Burdens of Diabetes-Related Lower-Extremity Complications in 1990 and 2016
Authors: Zhang Yuqi , Lazzarini Peter A. , McPhail Steven M. , van Netten Jaap J. , Armstrong David G. , Pacella Rosana E. 
Published: March 2020

OBJECTIVE
No study has reported global disability burden estimates for individual diabetes-related lower-extremity complications (DRLECs). The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study presents a robust opportunity to address this gap.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
GBD 2016 data, including prevalence and years lived with disability (YLDs), for the DRLECs of diabetic neuropathy, foot ulcer, and amputation with and without prosthesis were used. The GBD estimated prevalence using data from systematic reviews and DisMod-MR 2.1, a Bayesian meta-regression tool. YLDs were estimated as the product of prevalence estimates and disability weights for each DRLEC. We reported global and sex-, age-, region-, and country-specific estimates for each DRLEC for 1990 and 2016.

RESULTS
In 2016, an estimated 131 million people (1.8% of the global population) had DRLECs. An estimated 16.8 million YLDs (2.1% global YLDs) were caused by DRLECs, including 12.9 million (95% uncertainty interval 8.30–18.8) from neuropathy only, 2.5 million (1.7–3.6) from foot ulcers, 1.1 million (0.7–1.4) from amputation without prosthesis, and 0.4 million (0.3–0.5) from amputation with prosthesis. Age-standardized YLD rates of all DRLECs increased by between 14.6% and 31.0% from 1990 estimates. Male-to-female YLD ratios ranged from 0.96 for neuropathy only to 1.93 for foot ulcers. The 50- to 69-year-old age-group accounted for 47.8% of all YLDs from DRLECs.

CONCLUSIONS
These first-ever global estimates suggest that DRLECs are a large and growing contributor to the disability burden worldwide and disproportionately affect males and middle- to older-aged populations. These findings should facilitate policy makers worldwide to target strategies at populations disproportionately affected by DRLECs.