bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Opresión y resistencias desde los márgenes (televisivos): El caso de 3% (Netflix, 2016-)
Authors: Aguado-Peláez Delicia 
Published: January 2020

El presente estudio se adentra en la serie 3%, la primera creación brasileña de Netflix, un thriller distópico que presenta una sociedad dividida en dos órdenes antagónicos donde la población del Continente malvive entre escasez y violencia, mientras que la de Mar Alto vive un aparente sueño tecnológico. Dos estamentos impermeables cuya puerta tan sólo se abre al cumplir 20 años cuando, a través de un método de selección, el 3% de los jóvenes puede pasar a El Otro Lado. En definitiva, una creación de gran interés tanto por su temática como por ser un relato construido desde un país no hegemónico con proyección internacional. Así, a través del Análisis de Contenido Cualitativo y las herramientas del enfoque interseccional se analiza cómo se construyen las violencias y resistencias simbólicas a través de dos dimensiones: la construcción de personajes y ambientes. En conclusión, puede afirmarse que 3% supone una interesante crítica estructural a la geopolítica que pone en el centro de la trama las desigualdades existentes, alejándose de miradas hegemónicas.
This research explores the TV series 3%, the first one in being produced in Brazil, which is a dystopian thriller series where the population of the Continente survives between poverty and violence, whereas people from Mar Alto live an apparent technologic dream. A privileged life which can only be reached by the 3% of the participants of a selection process, in which twenty-years old habitants of the Continente have to complete a series of test to achieve The Other Side. In essence, a interesting production due to its thematic focus and because this narrative belongs to a non hegemonic country. Thus, using Qualitative Content Analysis and the intersectionality, this research enters into this production to understand how symbolic violence and resistances are built using these dimensions: characters and environments. In conclusion, 3% is an interesting systemic critique of the geopolitics which brings the existing inequalities into the centre of the plot, away from other hegemonic gazes.
El Ready-made de Duchamp Renueva pero no Innova: el Urinario Fontaine como Fantasmagoría Make-ready
Authors: Fortuny Agramunt Jaume 
Published: January 2020

El autor analiza el efecto traumático de la idea de shock con la que Walter Benjamin describe la vida moderna y, a través de la revisión de Buck-Mors sobre esta perspectiva sensorial, realiza la interpelación siguiente: si el mundo tecnológico moderno conforma un sistema anestésico para evitar el shock perceptivo ¿cómo puede existir un objeto signo suficientemente traumático por sorprendente para ser considerado vanguardista? El artículo plantea que el único objeto artístico que puede escarnecer esta nomología anestésica es el que se muestra aislado de cualquier relación semántica con otra cosa en su propio proceso manual de realización. Un objeto carente de aproximación alusiva a otra forma. Una opción retórica que no permita la transferencia de un estilo del sujeto. La representación icónica totalmente imparcial. La forma que no pueda existir como una representación. El texto argumenta que la duplicación perfecta del ready-made Le Fontain podría serlo y concluye que Duchamp renueva pero no innova, porque el urinario queda como fantasmagoría make-ready.
The author analyzes the traumatic effect of the idea of shock with which Walter Benjamin described modern life and, through the review of Buck-Mors on this sensory perspective, makes the following interpellation: if the modern technological world forms an anaesthetic system To avoid perceptual shock, how can there be a sufficiently traumatic sign-object to be considered avant-garde? The article states that the only artistic object that can deride this anaesthetic name is that which is isolated from any semantic relationship with anything else in its own manual process of realization. An object lacking approximation allusive to another form. A rhetorical option that does not allow the transfer of a style of the subject. The iconic representation totally impartial. The form that cannot exist as a representation. The text argues that the perfect duplication of the ready-made Fontaine could be and concludes that Duchamp renews but does not innovate, because the urinal remains as a make-ready phantasmagoria.
Precarity as a common foundation for `Networks of Subsistence’
Authors: García Díaz Lara 
Published: January 2020

El texto crea un análisis teórico que contrasta la literatura relevante sobre temas de precariedad, reproducción social y Commoning, o prácticas sociales de comunización. El propósito del texto es plantear así cómo métodos alternativos de organización creativo social que intentan dar respuesta a la precariedad actual deberían incorporar lo que las economistas feministas Maria Mies y Veronika Benholdt-Thomsen han denominado como `perspectiva de subsistencia’ (1999). Al centrar el estudio en el colectivo de arquitectos españoles Recetas Urbanas y, más concretamente, en su papel en la configuración de la red Arquitecturas Colectivas, el texto propone cómo una `perspectiva de subsistencia’ podría beneficiarse de lo que se ha referido aquí como una `red de subsistencia’. En conjunto, este texto representa una primera aproximación de futuros análisis teóricos sobre las posibilidades de estructuras organizacionales descentralizadas basadas en los Comunes a través de una perspectiva feminista marxista del trabajo reproductivo y las relaciones cotidianas.
The paper builds a theoretical analyses contrasting relevant literature around issues of precarity, social reproduction and practices of Commoning. By doing so, the paper raises how alternative methods of creative-social organization responding to precarity should incorporate what feminist economists’ Maria Mies and Veronika Benholdt-Thomsen has coined as `subsistence perspective’ (1999). By drawing on Spanish architect collective Recetas Urbanas (Urban Prescriptions) and, more concretely, their role in the network Arquitecturas Colectivas (Collective Architecture), the paper proposes how a `subsistence perspective’ could beneficiate from, what will be addressed as, a `network of subsistence’. Taken together this text represents a first approximation on future theoretical analyses around the possibilities of decentralized organizational structures based on the Commons through a Marxist Feminist perspective of reproductive work and everyday relations.
La Realidad Virtual en la Creación Artística: Conceptos, Tecnologías, Trayectoria y Actualidad
Authors: Simó Águeda 
Published: January 2020

La aplicación de la Realidad Virtual (RV) en la creación artística se remonta a la década de 1990, cuando se comercializan losprimeros sistemas de RV. Sin embargo, los altos costos y lasdificultades técnicas para realizar y exhibir este tipo de obras limitaron la exploración artística de esta tecnología. En la segundadécada del s. XXI, la RV ha experimentado un renacimiento debido,en parte, a los avances tecnológicos en la computación gráfica y las interfaces físicas, bien como a su abaratamiento. Todos estos factores, están reimpulsado la utilización de la RV en las artes al facilitar la creación y exhibición de las obras.
Virtual Reality (VR) art can be traced back to the 1990s, whenthe first VR systems were commercialized. However, the art exploration of this technology was limited due to the high costs and technical difficulties to create and exhibit VR artworks. In the second decade of the 21st century, VR has experienced a renaissance partly because of the technological advances in computer graphics and physical interfaces and the reduction of their cost. All these factors have revitalized the use of VR in the arts by facilitating the creation and exhibition of artworks.
In Praise of Jus Cogens’ Conceptual Incoherence
Authors: Ohlin Jens David 
Published: January 2020

The most compelling account of jus cogens is that it flows from natural law and constitutes the “ethically minimum” content of international law. Although natural law was once considered an acceptable and obvious approach to jurisprudence, its significance has waned at the expense of legal positivism. However, the hierarchical quality of jus cogens is best explained by some element of natural law—and its explicit invocation of moral content—rather than anything one might find in legal positivism. Of course, international lawyers have persistently refused to recognize the latent naturalism within jus cogens. While rueful from the point of view of legal theory, the obfuscation was nonetheless essential for jus cogens to succeed. In an alternate world where jus cogens was correctly viewed as a vestige of natural law, modern international lawyers would never have accepted it. One might lament the failure to recognize the natural law origins of jus cogens because it hampered the development of standards for identifying which legal norms counted as jus cogens. However, no account of jus cogens offers compelling, unambiguous criteria, and second, the lack of clarity on its criteria was a good price to pay in exchange for the legal category’s widespread adoption. In the end, the notion that jus cogens is consistent with international law’s legal positivism was a useful fiction, a “noble lie” that gave us modern human rights law.
La résistible émergence d’une gouvernance participative à Delhi
Authors: Tawa Lama-Rewal Stéphanie 
Published: January 2020

Ville majeure mais État faible, Delhi est, depuis 2000, un laboratoire de la démocratie participative, notamment parce que c’est là qu’a émergé en 2013 l’Aam Aadmi Party (AAP, Parti de l’homme ordinaire), un parti qui place la participation au coeur de son projet politique. Cet article analyse ce qui fait à la fois la nouveauté et la faiblesse de la gouvernance participative proposée par l’AAP depuis sa large victoire électorale de 2015, en situant cette gouvernance par rapport aux pratiques antérieures. En comparant la destinée de trois dispositifs successivement mis en oeuvre au cours des deux dernières décennies dans la capitale indienne – le programme Bhagidari, les mohalla sabhas (assemblées de quartier) et les SMC mahasabhas (assemblées scolaires) – il propose une « analyse contextualisée de la participation » (Mazeaud, Boas, et Berthomé, 2012) et contribue ainsi au dialogue nécessaire entre études des dispositifs participatifs et études de la gouvernance (Melo et Baiocchi, 2006). Plus spécifiquement, en interrogeant à la fois le sens et la réception des principes d’action publique regroupés sous le nom de gouvernance participative, cet article met en évidence le rôle de deux acteurs de la gouvernance urbaine – la bureaucratie et la société civile organisée – dans la longévité du programme Bhagidari et la brièveté des assemblées de quartier à Delhi.
Spraying 6-BA could alleviate the harmful impacts of waterlogging on dry matter accumulation and grain yield of wheat
Authors: Wang Xiaoyan , Liu Daoming , Wei Mingmei , Man Jianguo 
Published: January 2020

Background
The middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River plain produce the second highest amount of wheat in China; however, waterlogging is an important environmental factor that substantially affects the yield production of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in this region.

Methods
In this study, seven treatments were implemented, including no waterlogging and exogenous 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA) as a control (CK); waterlogging at booting (BW), anthesis (AW) and 15 days after anthesis (DAA, FW); and spraying 6-BA before waterlogging at booting (BW-6BA), anthesis (AW-6BA) and 15 DAA (FW-6BA), to determine the ability of 6-BA to alleviate the harmful impact of waterlogging on aboveground biomass production and grain yield. The widely cultivated wheat cultivar “Zhengmai 9023” was used.

Results
The results showed that more than 190.0 mm of rainfall, which accounted for approximately 45.0% of the precipitation over the whole wheat growing season, was distributed after the booting stage (April and May). In all waterlogged treatments, the photosynthetic rate, aboveground biomass and grain yield decreased, but the differences between the CK and the FW treatment were not significant. The grain yield decreased by 18.38%, 41.79% and 5.67% in the BW, AW and FW treatments, respectively. Spraying 6-BA before waterlogging enhanced the root activities after anthesis and then decreased the malondialdehyde concentrations of the flag leaves and the third leaf, increased the photosynthetic rate of the flag leaves and enhanced aboveground biomass and grain yield. Among the increments between the treatments, the increments between the BW and BW-6BA treatments were the largest, but between the FW and FW-6BA were smallest. In comparison to the other waterlogging treatments, the grain yields from the FW and FW-6BA treatments were significantly higher because of the higher kernel numbers per spike. The results indicated that waterlogging after the booting stage restrained the dry matter production of winter wheat, but spraying 6-BA before waterlogging slowed the plant senescence rate and reduced grain yield loss.
A multiomics comparison between endometrial cancer and serous ovarian cancer
Authors: Zhong Hui , Chen Huiyu , Qiu Huahong , Huang Chen , Wu Zhihui 
Published: January 2020

Background
Endometrial carcinoma (EC) and serous ovarian carcinoma (OvCa) are both among the common cancer types in women. EC can be divided into two subtypes, endometroid EC and serous-like EC, with distinct histological characterizations and molecular phenotypes. There is an increasing awareness that serous-like EC resembles serous OvCa in genetic landscape, but a clear relationship between them is still lacking.

Methods
Here, we took advantage of the large-scale molecular profiling of The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA) to compare the two EC subtypes and serous OvCa. We used bioinformatics data analytic methods to systematically examine the somatic mutation (SM) and copy number alteration (SCNA), gene expression, pathway activities, survival gene signatures and immune infiltration. Based on these quantifiable molecular characterizations, we asked whether serous-like EC should be grouped more closely to serous OvCa, based on the context of being serous-like; or if should be grouped more closely to endometroid EC, based on the same organ origin.

Results
We found that although serous-like EC and serous OvCa share some common genotypes, including mutation and copy number alteration, they differ in molecular phenotypes such as gene expression and signaling pathway activity. Moreover, no shared prognostic gene signature was found, indicating that they use unique genes governing tumor progression. Finally, although the endometrioid EC and serous OvCa are both highly immune infiltrated, the immune cell composition in serous OvCa is mostly immune suppressive, whereas endometrioid EC has a higher level of cytotoxic immune cells. Overall, our genetic aberration and molecular phenotype characterizations indicated that serous-like EC and serous OvCa cannot be simply treated as a simple “serous” cancer type. In particular, additional attention should be paid to their unique gene activities and tumor microenvironments for novel targeted therapy development.
Impact of Metal Ion Substitution on the Activity and Stability of Saccharifying Raw Starch Digesting Amylase from Aspergillus carbonarius
Authors: Nwamaka Nwagu Tochukwu , Aoyagi Hideki , Okolo Bartholomew 
Published: January 2020

Though raw starch digesting amylases can be utilized in numerous bioprocesses, poor activity and stability remain a limiting factor. In this study, the effect of metal ion substitution on the activity and stability of the RSDA from Aspergillus carbonarius was investigated. The amylase was inactivated using the chelating agent ethylene di aminotetraacetic acid (EDTA) and reactivated using different metal ions. The effect of different metal ions on the reactivation of the amylase activity was investigated. Impact of the metal ions on the stability of the amylase was also studied. Kinetic constants of the native enzyme were compared to the metal reactivated holoenzyme. Most efficient was 5 mM concentration of Co2+ with 94.6% activity recovery. Others included 5 mM Zn2+ (77.7%) and 5 mM Ca2+ (68.7%). Incubating the Co2+ activated amylase in 10 mM Mn2+ further stimulated the activity of the amylase to 136.7%. Compared to the metal ions tested, Mn2+ had the most stabilizing effect on the amylase; the amylase exhibited 148.2% and 136.5% activity at 70ºC and 80ºC respectively in the presence of 5 mM Mn2+. Ca2+ inhibited the amylase activity and inhibition rate increased with increasing concentration of Ca2+ concentrations. Km of the reactivated amylase was 0.18 mg/ml.
Agronomic Performance, Response and Efficient Use of Potassium in Genotypes Corn (Zea mays)
Authors: Dos Santos Weder Ferreira , De Assunção Fernando Assis , Ferreira Sodré Layanni , Carneiro Maciel Lucas , Oliveira Magno De , Bandeira Barros Hélio , Ribeiro da Silva Rubens , Mucci Peluzio Joênes , Silveira Barbosa Adriano , Souza Ferreira Talita Pereira de 
Published: January 2020

The study aims to select maize for the response and efficiency of the use of potassium (K), in the municipality of Gurupi, state of Tocantins. Two trials of maize genotypes were carried out in Gurupi-TO, in the off-season 2017, one for high K condition and another for K low, applied in coverage. The experimental design of each experiment was a randomized block design with three replicates and seven treatments. The average grain production BK (6997 kg ha−1) was lower than the AK (7787 kg ha−1), which confirms that the application of potassium fertilizers in maize makes this answer the applications collaborating with better yields. The genotype (G3) showed that high yield in BK environment (above the average, 4532 kg ha−1) and low response rate application of paragraph, they are defined as efficient, unresponsive. The genotype G2 was classified as efficient and responsive being indicated for producers of both technological levels.
Thrombocytopenia associated with clonidine in a case of clozapine-induced sialorrhea
Authors: Leung Jonathan G. , Kutzke Jade L. , Morgan Robert J. , Schak Kathryn M. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Clozapine is approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for treatment-resistant schizophrenia and mitigation of suicidality in patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. Clozapine requires monitoring of adverse events, such as hypotension, myocarditis, cardiomyopathy, seizures, severe neutropenia, and gastrointestinal hypomotility. Sialorrhea is another adverse event that can be bothersome for patients and result in nonadherence or the development of aspiration pneumonia. Clonidine, an α2A adrenergic receptor agonist, is one medication option that can reduce or eliminate sialorrhea. Clonidine is generally well tolerated but can contribute to hypotension and sedation. One adverse event associated with clonidine not described in the literature is thrombocytopenia. Reported is a case of clonidine-associated thrombocytopenia when used for the treatment of clozapine-induced sialorrhea.
Dihydropyrans by Cycloadditions of Oxadienes
Authors: Martel Arnaud , Dhal Robert , Gaulon Catherine , Laurent Mathieu Yves , Dujardin Gilles 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
3,4‐Dihydro‐2H‐pyrans are present in the skeletons of several natural products, and these versatile synthetic intermediates are readily transformed into tetrahydropyrans, pyridines, or 1,5‐dicarbonyl units. Among the strategies developed to access 3,4‐dihydro‐2H‐pyrans, the hetero‐Diels‐Alder reaction between an oxadiene and a dienophile is particularly valuable because up to three contiguous stereogenic centers can be created diastereo‐ and/or enantioselectively in a single step. This review addresses the mechanism of the reaction and presents methods for preparing the product dihydropyrans enantio‐ and diastereoselectively. Thermal and Lewis acid promoted cycloadditions are discussed, as is the role of activating groups on the oxadiene.
Evaluation and verification of a simplified lead equivalency measurement method
Authors: Wargo Richard Ryan , Aljabal Areej Fawzi , Lin Pei‐Jan Paul 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPurposeThis technical note presents an inexpensive tool and method for determining lead equivalency using digital radiography x‐ray equipment.MethodsA test tool was developed using commercially available lead tape (3M™ Lead Foil Tape 421). The test tool consisted of nine varying lead thick squares arranged in a larger square (0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, and 1.0 mm). It was imaged on a DR plate with a digital portable x‐ray unit across a range of energies (60–120 kVp) and two beam filtrations. Lead equivalency was determined by using the linear relationship between dose to the detector and pixel values in the raw images. The lead equivalency of the tape was validated using known lead thicknesses (physically measured with caliper). Additional lead equivalency measurements were made for protective eyewear, a thyroid shield, and a lead apron.ResultsThe test tool and method measured the two known lead thicknesses to be –9.7% to 7.1% different from the actual values across the range of energies under normal x‐ray beam conditions and under a 1‐mm copper filtered x‐ray beam. The additional lead equivalency measurements of radiation protection apparel across energies ranged from –6% to 20% for both beam conditions when compared with the values provided by the manufacturer.ConclusionThis work validates the test tool and methodology as an inexpensive alternative to checking the lead equivalency of radiation protection apparel in a clinical setting. The methodology is equipment independent with a few prerequisites.
Hydrogels with Preprogrammable Lifetime via UV‐Induced Polymerization and Degradation
Authors: Scheiger Johannes M. , Levkin Pavel A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractHydrogels are 3D networks infused with water. When formed via radical polymerization, inherently stable hydrogels are created due to stable covalent carbon–carbon bonds. As such, they remain static soft scaffolds, unlike the dynamic tissue they are often compared to. Herein, a hydrogel capable of autonomously converting from a liquid hydrogel precursor solution into a solid hydrogel for a defined period of time, followed by a further transformation back into a liquid polymer solution, is designed. These antagonistic processes are initiated by the same UV light, which is used as stimulus for both a photopolymerization and a photodegradation simultaneously. It is demonstrated how the lifetime of the hydrogel state can be controlled and visualized on the minute scale. Both the photopolymerization and the photodegradation reactions are studied with various methods such as NMR, IR, and confocal microscopy. The different stages of the transformation, e.g., the hydrogel precursor (liquid), hydrogel (solid), and degraded hydrogel (liquid) are investigated with rheometry, viscosimetry, dynamic light scattering, and gel permeation chromatography. Small changes in the molecular composition of the precursor solution result in macroscopically measurable differences. Such time‐dependent twofold photoreactive systems can be of interest for designing dynamic materials, such as glues and photoresists or for biomedical applications.