bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of associations between asthma exacerbations and distance to roadways using geocoded electronic health records data
Authors: He Jingyi , Ghorveh Mohsen Ghiasi , Hurst Jillian H. , Tang Monica , Alhanti Brooke , Lang Jason E. , Goldstein Benjamin A. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Asthma exacerbations in children often require medications, urgent care, and hospitalization. Multiple environmental triggers have been associated with asthma exacerbations, including particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) and ozone, which are primarily generated by motor vehicle exhaust. There is mixed evidence as to whether proximity to highways increases risk of asthma exacerbations.

Methods
To evaluate the impact of highway proximity, we assessed the association between asthma exacerbations and the distance of child’s primary residence to two types of roadways in Durham County, North Carolina, accounting for other patient-level factors. We abstracted data from the Duke University Health System electronic health record (EHR), identifying 6208 children with asthma between 2014 and 2019. We geocoded each child’s distance to roadways (both 35 MPH+ and 55 MPH+). We classified asthma exacerbation severity into four tiers and fitted a recurrent event survival model to account for multiple exacerbations.

Results
There was a no observed effect of residential distance from 55+ MPH highway (Hazard Ratio: 0.98 (95% confidence interval: 0.94, 1.01)) and distance to 35+ MPH roadway (Hazard Ratio: 0.98 (95% confidence interval: 0.83, 1.15)) and any asthma exacerbation. Even those children living closest to highways (less 0.25 miles) had no increased risk of exacerbation. These results were consistent across different demographic strata.

Conclusions
While the results were non-significant, the characteristics of the study sample – namely farther distance to roadways and generally good ambient environmental pollution may contribute to the lack of effect. Compared to previous studies, which often relied on self-reported measures, we were able to obtain a more objective assessment of outcomes. Overall, this work highlights the opportunity to use EHR data to study environmental impacts on disease.
Mediation effect of body mass index on the association between spicy food intake and hyperuricemia in rural Chinese adults: the Henan rural cohort study
Authors: Dong Xiaokang , Li Yuqian , Yang Kaili , Zhang Lulu , Xue Yuan , Yu Songcheng , Liu Xiaotian , Tu Runqi , Qiao Dou , Luo Zhicheng , Liu Xue , Wang Yan , Li Wenjie , Zheng Zhaohui , Wang Chongjian 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
The relationship of spicy food intake with hyperuricemia remains unknown. The objective of this study was to examine the association between spicy food intake and hyperuricemia, and whether this association was mediated by body mass index (BMI) in Chinese rural population.

Methods
38, 027 adults aged 18–79 years were recruited from the Henan Rural Cohort Study. Information on spicy food intake was obtained using a validated questionnaire survey. Multivariable logistic regression model was used to estimate the association between spicy food intake and hyperuricemia, multiple linear regression model was performed to estimate the relationships between spicy food intake, BMI and serum urate level. BMI was used as a mediator to evaluate the mediation effect.

Results
After adjusting for potential confounders, compared with no spicy food flavor, the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of mild, middle, and heavy flavor for hyperuricemia were 1.09 (1.00–1.19), 1.10 (0.97–1.24), and 1.21 (1.10–1.46), respectively (Ptrend = 0.017). Similarly, compared with those without intake in spicy food, the multivariable adjusted OR (95% CI) of 1-2 days/week, 3–5 days/week, and 6–7 days/week were 1.15 (1.01–1.31), 1.14 (1.01–1.30) and 1.15 (1.05–1.26), respectively (Ptrend = 0.007). However, when we further controlling for BMI, the associations were substantially attenuated. Furthermore, mediation analysis showed that BMI play a full mediating role in the relationship of spicy food intake with hyperuricemia.

Conclusion
Spicy food flavor and intake frequency are positively related with hyperuricemia in Chinese rural population. BMI may play a full mediating role in the relationship.

Trial registration
The Henan Rural Cohort Study registered at Chinese Clinical Trial Register (Registration number: ChiCTR-OOC-15006699). Date of registration: 2015-07-06.
Living donor liver transplantation for idiopathic portal hypertension with extrahepatic portal vein stenosis and splenic artery aneurysms: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Kawachi Shigeyuki , Chiba Naokazu , Nakagawa Masashi , Kobayashi Toshimichi , Hikita Kosuke , Sano Toru , Tomita Koichi , Hirano Hiroshi , Abe Yuta , Obara Hideaki , Shimazu Motohide 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundIdiopathic portal hypertension (IPH) generally has a good prognosis and rarely results in liver transplantation. Furthermore, there are few reports of living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) for IPH with extrahepatic portal vein stenosis.Case presentationWe report the case of a 51-year-old female patient diagnosed with IPH more than 20 years ago. She suffered severe jaundice, massive ascites, and encephalopathy at the time of her visit to our hospital. The patient’s extrahepatic portal vein showed a scar-like stenosis, and the portal flow was completely hepatofugal. Collateral circulation such as the splenorenal shunt was well developed, and multiple splenic artery aneurysms up to 2 cm were observed in the splenic hilum. Her Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score increased to over 40 because of renal dysfunction, requiring temporary dialysis. We performed LDLT using her husband’s right lobe graft and splenectomy. The extrahepatic stenotic portal vein was completely resected, and the superficial femoral vein (SFV) graft collected from the recipient’s right leg was used for portal reconstruction as an interposition graft. Although the clinical course after LDLT had many complications, the patient was discharged on postoperative day 113 and has been fine for 2 years after LDLT. Histopathologically, the explanted liver had obliterative portal venopathy, nodular regenerative hyperplasia, and incomplete septal cirrhosis.ConclusionThis case showed that severe IPH is occasionally associated with extrahepatic portal vein stenosis and can be treated with LDLT with portal vein reconstruction using an interposition graft. It was also suggested that the SFV is a useful choice for the interposition graft.
Marginal adaptation, solubility and biocompatibility of TheraCal LC compared with MTA-angelus and biodentine as a furcation perforation repair material
Authors: Alazrag M. A. , Abu-Seida A. M. , El-Batouty K. M. , El Ashry S. H. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
This study evaluated the marginal adaptation, solubility and biocompatibility of TheraCal LC compared with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA-Angelus) and Biodentine when used as a furcation perforation repair material.

Methods
The marginal adaptation was assessed by scanning electronic microscope and presence of any gap between the dentin surface and filling material in each quadrant of the sample was analyzed at 1000 X magnification. The solubility was measured after one week by the ISO standard method. Biocompatibility was evaluated by the inflammatory response and radiography after one month and three months of repair of experimental furcation perforations in dog's teeth.

Results
There were significant differences in the marginal adaptation, solubility and biocompatibility of the tested materials (P < 0.05). TheraCal LC showed the highest frequency distribution of gap presence that was followed by the MTA-Angelus then Biodentine. The least soluble material after one week was TheraCal LC that was followed by the MTA-Angelus and Biodentine. After one month and three months, TheraCal LC showed the highest inflammatory response and highest frequency distribution of radiolucency that was followed by the Biodentine then MTA-Angelus.

Conclusion
Unlike Biodentine, TheraCal LC is incapable of alternating the MTA in furcation perforation repair due to its poor biocompatibility and poor marginal adaptation.
Accompaniment to healthcare visits: the impact of sensory impairment
Authors: Reed Nicholas S. , Assi Lama , Pedersen Emily , Alshabasy Yasmeen , Deemer Ashley , Deal Jennifer A. , Willink Amber , Swenor Bonnielin K. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Millions of older adults in the United States experience hearing, vision, and dual sensory impairment (concurring hearing and vision impairment) yet little research exists on their needs in interactions with the healthcare system. This piece aims to determine the use of accompaniment in healthcare interactions by persons with sensory impairment.

Methods
These cross-sectional analyses included data from the 2015 Medicare Current Beneficiaries Survey and survey weighting provided by Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. Adjusted odds of reporting accompaniment to healthcare visits and given reasons for accompaniment among United States Medicare beneficiaries with self-reported sensory impairment (hearing, vision, and dual sensory impairment) were examined.

Results
After excluding observations with missing data, 10,748 Medicare beneficiaries remained representing a 46 million total weighted nationally representative sample, of which 88.9% reported no sensory impairment, 5.52% reported hearing impairment, 3.56% reported vision impairment, and 0.93% reported dual sensory impairment. Those with vision impairment and dual sensory impairment had 2.139 (95% confidence interval [CI] =1.605–2.850) and 2.703 (CI = 1.549–4.718) times the odds of reporting accompaniment to healthcare visits relative to those without sensory impairment. A secondary analysis suggests communication needs as the primary reason for accompaniment among persons with hearing loss, while those with vision impairment were more likely to indicate transportation needs.

Conclusions
Healthcare accompaniment is common for persons with sensory loss and healthcare systems should consider accommodations for and leveraging accompaniment to improve healthcare for persons with sensory impairments. In light of the current COVID-19 pandemic, as hospitals limit visitors to reduce the spread of infection, arrangements should be made to ensure that the communication and transportation needs of those with sensory impairment are not neglected.
Protein kinase function of pyruvate kinase M2 and cancer
Authors: Chen Xun , Chen Shangwu , Yu Dongsheng 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Pyruvate kinase is a terminal enzyme in the glycolytic pathway, where it catalyzes the conversion of phosphoenolpyruvate to pyruvate and production of ATP via substrate level phosphorylation. PKM2 is one of four isoforms of pyruvate kinase and is widely expressed in many types of tumors and associated with tumorigenesis. In addition to pyruvate kinase activity involving the metabolic pathway, increasing evidence demonstrates that PKM2 exerts a non-metabolic function in cancers. PKM2 has been shown to be translocated into nucleus, where it serves as a protein kinase to phosphorylate various protein targets and contribute to multiple physiopathological processes. We discuss the nuclear localization of PKM2, its protein kinase function and association with cancers, and regulation of PKM2 activity.
Circ0120816 acts as an oncogene of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by inhibiting miR-1305 and releasing TXNRD1
Authors: Li Xiaoyong , Song Laichun , Wang Bo , Tao Chao , Shi Lei , Xu Ming 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been discovered to participate in the carcinogenesis of multiple cancers. However, the role of circRNAs in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) progression is yet to be properly understood. This research aimed to investigate and understand the mechanism used by circRNAs to regulate ESCC progression.

Methods
Bioinformatics analysis was first performed to screen dysregulated circRNAs and differentially expressed genes in ESCC. The ESCC tissue samples and adjacent normal tissue samples utilized in this study were obtained from 36 ESCC patients. All the samples were subjected to qRT-PCR analysis to identify the expression of TXNRD1, circRNAs, and miR-1305. Luciferase reporter assay, RNA immunoprecipitation assay and RNA pull-down assay were later conducted to verify the existing relationship among circ0120816, miR-1305 and TXNRD1. CCK-8, BrdU, cell adhesion, cell cycle, western blot and caspase 3 activity assays were also employed to evaluate the regulation of these three biological molecules in ESCC carcinogenesis. To evaluate the effect of circ0120816 on ESCC tumor growth and metastasis, the xenograft mice model was constructed.

Results
Experimental investigations revealed that circ0120816 was the highest upregulated circRNA in ESCC tissues and that this non-coding RNA acted as a miR-1305 sponge in enhancing cell viability, cell proliferation, and cell adhesion as well as repressing cell apoptosis in ESCC cell lines. Moreover, miR-1305 was observed to exert a tumor-suppressive effect in ESCC cells by directly targeting and repressing TXNRD1. It was also noticed that TXNRD1 could regulate cyclin, cell adhesion molecule, and apoptosis-related proteins. Furthermore, silencing circ0120816 was found to repress ESCC tumor growth and metastasis in vivo.

Conclusions
This research confirmed that circ0120816 played an active role in promoting ESCC development by targeting miR-1305 and upregulating oncogene TXNRD1.
Unravelling the expression of interleukin-9 in chronic rhinosinusitis: A possible role for Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Delemarre Tim , De Ruyck Natalie , Holtappels Gabriele , Bachert Claus , Gevaert Elien 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a Th2 biased inflammation, associated with nasal colonization of Staphylococcus (S.) aureus. Interleukin (IL)-9 is a pro-inflammatory Th2 cytokine with a pivotal role in asthma, allergy and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but is less studied in CRSwNP. We aimed to characterize the expression and cellular source of IL-9 and examined S. aureus as potential local trigger in CRSwNP. We showed increased numbers of interleukin-9 producing neutrophils and mononuclear cells in the tissue of CRSwNP patients. This interleukin-9 production was stimulated by S. aureus and its enterotoxin B in vitro. These findings underline the contribution of S. aureus and define IL-9 as another relevant cytokine in type 2 CRSwNP.
TBCRC 048: Phase II Study of Olaparib for Metastatic Breast Cancer and Mutations in Homologous Recombination-Related Genes
Authors: Tung Nadine M. , Robson Mark E. , Ventz Steffen , Santa-Maria Cesar A. , Nanda Rita , Marcom Paul K. , Shah Payal D. , Ballinger Tarah J. , Yang Eddy S. , Vinayak Shaveta , Melisko Michelle , Brufsky Adam , DeMeo Michelle , Jenkins Colby , Domchek Susan , D’Andrea Alan , Lin Nancy U. , Hughes Melissa E. , Carey Lisa A. , Wagle Nick , Wulf Gerburg M. , Krop Ian E. , Wolff Antonio C. , Winer Eric P. , Garber Judy E. 
Published: October 2020

PURPOSE Olaparib, a poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor (PARPi), is approved for the treatment of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)–negative metastatic breast cancer (MBC) in germline (g) BRCA1/ 2 mutation carriers. Olaparib Expanded, an investigator-initiated, phase II study, assessed olaparib response in patients with MBC with somatic (s) BRCA1/ 2 mutations or g/s mutations in homologous recombination (HR)–related genes other than BRCA1/2. METHODS Eligible patients had MBC with measurable disease and germline mutations in non- BRCA1/ 2 HR-related genes (cohort 1) or somatic mutations in these genes or BRCA1/ 2 (cohort 2). Prior PARPi, platinum-refractory disease, or progression on more than two chemotherapy regimens (metastatic setting) was not allowed. Patients received olaparib 300 mg orally twice a day until progression. A single-arm, two-stage design was used. The primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR); the null hypothesis (≤ 5% ORR) would be rejected within each cohort if there were four or more responses in 27 patients. Secondary endpoints included clinical benefit rate and progression-free survival (PFS). RESULTS Fifty-four patients enrolled. Seventy-six percent had estrogen receptor–positive HER2-negative disease. Eighty-seven percent had mutations in PALB2, s BRCA1/ 2, ATM, or CHEK2. In cohort 1, ORR was 33% (90% CI, 19% to 51%) and in cohort 2, 31% (90% CI, 15% to 49%). Confirmed responses were seen only with g PALB2 (ORR, 82%) and s BRCA1/ 2 (ORR, 50%) mutations. Median PFS was 13.3 months (90% CI, 12 months to not available/computable [NA]) for g PALB2 and 6.3 months (90% CI, 4.4 months to NA) for s BRCA1/ 2 mutation carriers. No responses were observed with ATM or CHEK2 mutations alone. CONCLUSION PARP inhibition is an effective treatment for patients with MBC and g PALB2 or s BRCA1/ 2 mutations, significantly expanding the population of patients with breast cancer likely to benefit from PARPi beyond g BRCA1/ 2 mutation carriers. These results emphasize the value of molecular characterization for treatment decisions in MBC.
Proper mTORC1 Activity Is Required for Glucose Sensing and Early Adaptation in Human Pancreatic β Cells
Authors: Ni Qicheng , Song Jiaxi , Wang Yichen , Sun Jiajun , Xie Jing , Zhang Jun , Ning Guang , Wang Weiqing , Wang Qidi 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Context
The mechanistic target of rapamycin complex I (mTORC1) is crucial for β-cell identity and function in rodents. However, its possible relevance to the physiopathology of diabetes in humans remains unclear.

Objective
This work aimed to understand the participation of mTORC1 in human β cells in prediabetes and diabetes.

Design
We evaluated the PS6 immunofluorescence intensity in islets of pancreatic sections from 12 nondiabetic (ND), 11 impaired fasting glucose (IFG), and 11 glycemic-controlled type 2 diabetic (T2D) individuals. We also assessed the dynamic change of mTORC1 activity in β cells of db/db mice with new-onset diabetes.

Results
There exists intercellular heterogeneity of mTORC1 activities in human islets. Islet mTORC1 activity was independently and positively correlated with FBG in ND, but not in IFG and T2D. Moreover, we did not detect significant change in mTORC1 activities between T2D and ND. Of note, the islet mTORC1 activities were significantly higher in IFG than in ND. We further stratified IFG individuals according to their islet PS6 levels and found that IFG-PS6high exhibited remarkably higher urocortin3 and glucose transporter 2 expression in their β cells compared to IFG-PS6low. Consistently, we also detected a significant increase in mTORC1 activities in prediabetic db/db mice compared to nondiabetic littermates. Interestingly, mTORC1 activities determined β-cell adaptation or failure in db/db mice: A strong negative correlation was found between islet mTORC1 activities and fasting glucose levels in db/db mice during their diabetes progression.

Conclusions
Our finding highlights a dynamic islet mTORC1 response in β-cell adaption/failure in human T2D.
Before Trans Studies
Authors: Adair Cassius , Awkward-Rich Cameron , Marvin Amy 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn conversation with Emmett Harsin Drager and Andrea Long Chu's “After Trans Studies,” this collaborative essay also turns to questions of field formation and the ethos of trans studies. Situating the growth of the field in the material conditions of precarity under which trans knowledge-workers work, the authors argue that trans studies can't be “over” because, in fact, it isn't yet here. Rather than viewing this as only a dismal proposition, however, they insist that the tenuousness of trans studies provides us with the opportunity to envision and enact more sustaining ways of being “in the field.”
Nice Trannies
Authors: Halberstam Jack 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Is trans studies over? Some scholars claim it was over before it began, swallowed whole by queer studies. Rather than doubling down on a small territorial struggle, this essay tries to make sense of the appeal of such claims on the one hand and the futility of them on the other. Offering a reading of Andrea Long Chu's recent book Females and situating that book within its rather narrow North American context, this essay offers a different view of the present, past, and future of trans studies.
Trans Studies and Resistance in an Academy Based on Masculinity Contest Culture
Authors: Travers  
Published: October 2020

AbstractTrans studies is a burgeoning and global interdisciplinary field of scholarship. Although trans people in general continue to remain on the margins of the academy in Canada and the United States, some of the trans scholars who contribute to the field of trans studies are in continuing faculty (tenure-track and tenured) positions. Trans women in general and trans women and trans feminine people of color, in particular, however, are particularly underrepresented in this labor pool. The author brings together a theoretical pastiche consisting of a Black feminist analysis of patriarchy as a layered phenomenon, trans necropolitics, and a masculinity contest culture paradigm to trouble this limit to representation within trans studies in Canada and the United States.
Técnica, liberdade e vontade em Heidegger e Cassirer
Authors: Ferreira Alexandre De Oliveira 
Published: October 2020

O artigo busca confrontar as posições de Heidegger e Cassirer sobre a técnica. Veremos que ambos os filósofos partem de um diagnóstico semelhante com relação a técnica, vendo-a como um destino do ocidente com o qual precisamos nos reconciliar sob o risco de perdermos nossa liberdade e nos afastarmos de nossa essência. Entretanto, os dois filósofos indicarão caminhos diametralmente opostos sobre a possibilidade de uma existência humana livre na época da técnica. Cassirer, com base em sua filosofia das formas simbólicas, acredita que a técnica deve ser posta a serviço do ser humano mediante o cultivo de uma nova força da vontade e da edificação de um outro reino dos fins. O Heidegger tardio, ao contrário, vê como única possibilidade de liberdade diante da técnica o abandono da vontade e o cultivo de um não-querer, expresso na palavra Gelassenheit. Assim, para Heidegger a posição de Cassirer apenas reproduziria a metafísica da subjetividade e da “vontade de vontade” que se esconde na técnica. Cassirer, por sua vez, identificará na postura heideggeriana diante da técnica com uma mitologia moderna, que estaria nas bases do culto ao estado totalitário.
Heidegger e a técnica como acabamento da metafísica e possibilidade de um novo início
Authors: Dos Santos Fábio Candido 
Published: October 2020

O artigo em questão se propõe mostrar, a partir da obra de Heidegger, como a técnica, derradeira manifestação da vontade de vontade e último estágio da metafísica, pode ser, a despeito de seu caráter corruptor do real, o único caminho para a reconexão do homem ao ser em sua relação originária com o ente. Entendida como “novo início” por Heidegger, esta configuração dependeria de uma recuperação do sentido originário de técnica enquanto te/xnh para abrir ao homem, por meio do pensamento e da arte, um retorno a si mesmo e o desnivelamento dos entes em seu ser. A título de fundamentação, a tarefa em questão também se compromete a discutir os princípios histórico-metafísicos da técnica, resguardados no aparecimento do niilismo decorrente do evento da morte de Deus e do estabelecimento do cogito como fundamento ôntico-ontológico do real na modernidade.