bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and Performance Evaluation of A Low-Cost Hydraulic-Operated Biomass Briquetting Machine
Authors: Dairo Olawale U , Adeleke Ademola E , Shittu Taofeek , Ibrahim Nageri A , Adeosun Olayemi J , Iyerimah Rita B 
Published: June 2020

Large quantities of agricultural residues produced in Nigeria can provide an alternative way in meeting her energy demand through briquetting. Biomass briquetting is the process of compacting raw biomass materials (wood, charcoal, crop residues, and animal waste) into standard mini-brick units as solid fuel for improved handling and efficiency. A small scale, 40 bar hydraulic operated piston briquetting machine with a capacity of 120 briquettes per hour was developed. The machine comprised of hydraulic, control, press, power, ejection and frame sections, and adopted the binder-less technology. Sawdust and rice husk were used as sample biomass materials. The compressed biomass obtained from the developed machine in form of briquettes had mean diameter and height of 30 mm ±0.02 and 16 mm ±0.01 respectively. The force, deflection, and Young Modulus at peak were 16.30 N, 3.29 mm and 548.11 N/mm2 for Sawdust Briquettes (SB) respectively, while 12.50 N, 1.49 mm; and 481 N/mm2 were obtained for Rice Husk Briquettes (RHB). The yield stress for SB and RHB were 12 and 9 N/mm2. The heating values obtained for SB and RHB were 51.0 Kcal/g and 39.4 Kcal/g respectively. The output efficiency of the machine was 88% indicating a satisfactory performance of the machine.
Effect of Traffic and Geometric Characteristics of Rural Two Lane Roads on Traffic Safety: a case study of Ilesha-Akure-Owo road, South-West, Nigeria
Authors: Popoola Monsuru O , Abiola Oladapo S , Odunfa Simeon O 
Published: June 2020

Road safety engineering involves identifying influencing factors causing traffic crashes through accident data, carrying out detailed accident studies at different locations and implementing relevant remedial measures. This study was carried out to establish relationship between traffic accident characteristics (frequency and severity) and traffic and road design characteristics on a two-lane highway. Statistical models applied in traffic accident modeling are Poisson regression, Negative Binomial regression (NB), and Zero-Inflated Negative Binomial regression (ZINB).; Traffic flow and road geometry related variables were the independent variables of the models. Using Ilesha-Akure-Owo highway, South-West, Nigeria accident prediction models were developed on the basis of accident data obtained from Federal Road Safety Commission (FRSC) during a 4-year monitoring period extending between 2012 and 2015. Curve radius (CR), lane width (LW), shoulder factor (SF), access road (CHAR), average annual daily traffic (AADT), parentage heavy good vehicle (HGV) and traffic sign posted (TSP) were the identified effective factors on crash occurrence probability. Finally, a comparison of the three models developed proved the efficiency of ZINB models against traditional Poisson and NB models. Keywords— Traffic accidents. Single carriageway, accident prediction model, road geometric characteristics.
A Review of A Bioenergy Policy Implementation in Sub-Saharan Africa: Opportunities and Challenges- A Case of Nigeria, Ghana and Malawi
Authors: Odetoye Temitope E , Ajala Elijah O , Titiloye James Omotayo 
Published: June 2020

In response to the global recognition of bioenergy as a significant source of renewable energy necessary for mitigating the global environmental challenge, the Governments of various African countries are starting to develop their economic and energy policies towards the adoption, development, production, and utilization of biomass for production of biofuel in some African communities. Although, Government’s role and policy have been identified as key factors for effective adoption of biomass energy, the implementation, its production, and utilization is not yet at fully blown stage in most countries of sub-Saharan African. Despite the challenges of non-competitive price of biofuel with fossil fuel and threat of electronic vehicle induced biofuel demand decrease, biofuel has potentials for alternative uses worthy of consideration in African countries. This paper reviews the current developments in adopting biofuel production and utilization in some sub-Saharan African countries, identifying the causes of being at the early stage, despite the enormous potential. This paper also recommends a strategy for achieving a relatively rapid outcome in bioenergy policy implementation in sub-Saharan African. Keywords— Bioenergy, biodiesel, biofuel, biomass, policy, Sub-Saharan African
An Improved Anomalous Intrusion Detection Model
Authors: Akinyemi Bodunde O , Adekunle Johnson B , Aladesanmi Temitope A , Aderounmu Adesola G , Kamagate Beman H 
Published: June 2020

The volume of cyber-attack targeting network resources within the cyberspace is steadily increasing and evolving. Network intrusions compromise the confidentiality, integrity or availability of network resources causing reputational damage and the consequential financial loss. One of the key cyber-defense tools against these attacks is the Intrusion Detection System. Existing anomalous intrusion detection models often misclassified normal network traffics as attacks while minority attacks go undetected due to an extreme imbalance in network traffic data. This leads to a high false positive and low detection rate. This study focused on improving the detection accuracy by addressing the class imbalanced problem which is often associated with network traffic dataset. Live network traffic packets were collected within the test case environment with Wireshark during normal network activities, Syncflood attack, slowhttppost attack and exploitation of known vulnerabilities on a targeted machine. Fifty-two features including forty-two features similar to Knowledge Discovery in Database (KDD ’99) intrusion detection dataset were extracted from the packet meta-data using Spleen tool. The features were normalized with min-max normalization algorithm and Information Gain algorithm was used to select the best discriminatory features from the feature space. An anomalous intrusion detection model was formulated by a cascade of k-means clustering algorithm and random-forest classifier. The proposed model was simulated and its performance was evaluated using detection accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity as metrics. The result of the evaluation showed 10% higher detection accuracy, 29% sensitivity, and 0.2% specificity than the existing model. Keywords— anomalous, cyber-attack, Detection, Intrusion
Environmental Assessment of Surface Water/Coal Deposit Interaction from Trace Minerals in Okaba Coal Field, Okaba North Central Nigeria
Authors: Adigun Oluwole D , Kayode Sunday 
Published: June 2020

The concentration of inorganic chemical substances released into surface water from Okaba coal deposit were measured using spectroscopic techniques in order to assess the extent of pollution. Parameters measured (Pb, Fe, Cu, Cr, SO42-, Cl-, Mn, Zn and pH) showed that water samples within the mine area contain Pb, Fe, Cr, Cl-, Mn and Zn in concentrations beyond permissible intake limits; and the concentration of chloride measured (3000 mg/L) is capable of causing acid mine drainage (AMD). Concurrent evaluation of these inorganic substances using quantitative assessment reveal the possible presence of trace minerals like galena, sphalerite, chalcopyrite, pyrite and clay in Okaba coal deposit. Keywords— Acid mine drainage (AMD), Coal, Trace minerals, Water pollution
A Framework for Sustainable Maintenance of Offshore Energy Structures
Authors: Okoro Uzoma G , Adedipe Oyewole , Lawal Sunday A , Diugwu Ikechukwu A 
Published: June 2020

This paper proposes a structure for maintenance decision support suitable for application to renewable energy assets. The method combines subjective tacit knowledge of subject-area experts with well-structured Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP) to elicit weights of criteria relevant for effects evaluation of possible failures modes towards support for component’s maintenance decisions. The Technique for Ordered Preference using Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) algorithm is adopted for aggregating the evaluation scores and achieving priority indexing given the conflicting characteristics of some criteria. Part of the highlights of the Framework is the implementation of the group experts, as well as individual expert's elicitations in a complimentary manner that eliminates subjective opinions and achieves a repeatable evaluation score. The conclusion of the analysis is the prioritisation of the component’s failure; An indicative case study of offshore wind turbine jacket support structure is used to demonstrate the applicability of the approach and the analysis results-which shows priority failure modes for focused maintenance intervention as bending of Chord/Brace ( ), collapse of Chord/Brace ( ), buckling of Long piles ( ), and Truss( ), overturning of Skirt pile ( ), and fatigue of Long pile ( ), further demonstrates the capacity of the model to support maintenance decisions. Caution is exercised in the selection of criteria that would capture the objectives of the risk analyses by consulting wide range of industry experts. Keywords— AHP, Expert, Offshore energy, TOPSIS, Wind turbine Support Structure
Waringin: Recording a Composition with Gamelan Salukat, a Crossroads of Music and Culture
Authors: Smith Oscar 
Published: June 2020

As the subject of numerous studies over the last century, Balinese music has been presented in a particular light. In the 21st Century, it has been a priority for Western musicologists to renew our outdated or inaccurate conceptions. This paper joins that discourse by presenting an intercultural project as an opportunity to bring the perspective of Balinese musicians under consideration. Recently, I undertook a recording project in Bali, working on my composition “Waringin,” written for Gamelan Salukat. Gamelan Salukat is a 20-30-person bronze ensemble with a radical tuning system, comprised of young musicians (~18-30 yrs.) from around the Ubud region of Central Bali. The project became a crossroads of musicianship, uncovering many intriguing tensions—notation versus oral learning, counting rhythms versus feeling or embodying rhythms, and composition versus improvisation. The following ethnographic account explores how the young Balinese musicians tackled the problems we faced and discusses what implications these newly formed strategies have for Balinese music in a contemporary setting where East and West, self and other, participant and observer are no longer divided.
Applying Semantic Role Labeling and Spreading Activation Techniques for Semantic Information Retrieval
Authors: Vileiniskis Tomas , Butkiene Rita 
Published: June 2020

Semantically enhanced information retrieval (IR) is aimed at improving classical IR methods and goes way beyond plain Boolean keyword matching with the main goal of better serving implicit and ambiguous information needs. As a de-facto pre-requisite to semantic IR, different information extraction (IE) techniques are used to mine unstructured text for underlying knowledge. In this paper we present a method that combines both IE and IR to enable semantic search in natural language texts. First, we apply semantic role labeling (SRL) to automatically extract event-oriented information found in natural language texts to an RDF knowledge graph leveraging semantic web technology. Second, we investigate how a custom flavored graph traversal spreading activation algorithm can be employed to interpret user’s information needs on top of the prior-extracted knowledge base. Finally, we present an assessment on the applicability of our method for semantically enhanced IR. An experimental evaluation on partial WikiQA dataset shows the strengths of our approach and also unveils common pitfalls that we use as guidelines to draw further work directions in the open-domain semantic search field.
Moral und Dogma: Alois Riehls Neukantianismus im Spannungsfeld zwischen Religion und Politik
Authors: Hammer Martin , Hlade Josef 
Published: June 2020

The aim is to examine Alois Riehl’s contribution to the “culture war” (Kulturkampf) in the second half of the nineteenth century. We show that he used Kant’s autonomy principle to argue against the idea that religious dogmatism is a fundament of morality. We prove this thesis by focusing on the forgotten historical background, which is important for an understanding of Morals und Dogma. Originally this essay was an expert opinion for the court case of the socialist H. Tauschinski who was accused of blasphemy. Tauschinski wrote an article in which he doubted the immortality of the soul and the existence of a personal God. These two dogmas of the Catholic Church were considered bу the Austrian authorities to be the foundations of public order. Riehl questioned not only the charge but also the validity of religious dogmas for morality. Based on Kant’s ethics, he argued for a moral indifferentism of religious dogmas. His career was significantly influenced by this essay, because of its anti-clerical content. During the culture war, Riehl repeatedly had problems with the authorities, especially in the Austro-Hungarian monarchy. The “Neurath-Haller Thesis” argues that in Austria the appointment of professorships was controlled and monitored by the state, with the goal of installing a philosophy which was beneficial to the interests of the state, and a strong anti-Kantianism in Austrian Philosophy as a consequence. We can agree with this thesis insofar as Riehl in the period of the “Catholic Renaissance” in Austria was not allowed to succeed Ernst Mach. The analysis of Riehl’s arguments allows us furthermore to understand Riehl as a neo-Kantian as early as 1871/1872, which has been questioned by many authors who think the early Riehl was no Kantian.
Mere hverdag i sundhedsvæsenet
Authors: Ørtenblad Lisbeth 
Published: June 2020

Denne artikel udforsker, hvordan kroniske sygdomme erfares og hvordan livet med multisygdom leves. Med udgangspunkt i multisyges perspektiver på deres hverdagsliv vises, hvorledes multisyge balancerer de mange behandlinger og anden pasning af sygdommene og hensyn og ønsker til hverdagslivet med arbejde, familie og andre sociale relationer. Artiklen vises, at hverdagslivet ikke bare påvirkes af sundhedsvæsenet og de behandlingsbyrder sundhedsvæsenets organisatoriske og faglige forankring i specialisering af enkeltsygdomme bidrager til. Hverdagslivet er også en central medspiller i multisyges håndtering af de di-lemmaer, der opstår i krydsfeltet mellem multisygdom, hverdagsliv og sundhedsvæsen. På den baggrund peger artiklen på et behov for at inkludere hverdagsliv i sundhedsvæsenet og i tilrettelæggelse af behandlingsforløb. Artiklens resultater bygger på fokusgruppeinterview og på et antropologisk feltarbejde med deltager-observation og interviews blandt mennesker med multisygdom.
De piedra negra, tinta aguada y albayalde. Las técnicas de dibujo de Joan de Joanes y el 'estado del arte' en la Valencia del siglo XVI. ¿Tradición o innovación?
Authors: Puig Isidro , Herrero Cortell Miguel Àngel 
Published: June 2020

El presente artículo pretende realizar un somero análisis al corpusde dibujos sobre papel atribuido a Joan de Joanes y a sus más directos seguidores, desde una óptica metaformal, adentrándose en la génesis misma de tales diseños, desde su concepción hasta sus funciones. Han sido muy eventuales las apreciaciones sobre los procedimientos gráficos usados por el pintor y, en general, la cuestión de sus dibujos se ha abordado siempre desde la tradicional perspectiva de confrontación iconográfica y formal. No se ha ahondado en cuestiones que, a nuestro parecer, resultan claves para entender una figura tan poliédrica y compleja como la del artista valentino: como cuánto débito existe entre el ductusgráfico de Joanes y el de su padre, y qué relación guarda con la tradición hispana; o hasta qué punto puede ser la visualización de modelos y estampas italianas la responsable de su marcado italianismo. Se propone una revisión que incide en la técnica y en la elección procedimental como una vía de ida y vuelta para explicar los vínculos entre su dibujo y su metodología pictórica (más allá de la superficial apariencia). Se trata de aspectos que, en última instancia, hunden sus raíces en la praxis pictórica y en los rudimentos del oficio; en los mecanismos de trabajo del obrador y su funcionamiento; aspectos como la fijación de modelos o el uso de procedimientos mecánicos de seriación
Reversal of glucocorticoid resistance in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia cells by miR-145
Authors: Long Sili , Ren Danwei , Zhong Fangfang , Niu Yana , Qin Xiang , Mu Dan , Liu Wenjun 
Published: June 2020

Objective
To analyze the expression levels of miR-145 in ALL children and their effects on the prognosis of ALL and to explore the mechanism of miR-145 in reversing the resistance of ALL cells to glucocorticoids.

Methods
A GEO database dataset was used to analyze the expression levels of miR-145 in ALL children. The association between miR-145 and childhood prognosis was analyzed by the TARGET database data. The expression levels of miR-145 in the glucocorticoid-resistant ALL cell line CEM-C1 were increased by lipofectamine 2000-mediated transfection. Cell proliferation inhibition experiments were performed to detect the effect of miR-145 on the response of CEM-C1 cell line to glucocorticoids. The expression levels of the apoptotic, autophagic and drug resistance-associated genes and proteins were detected by qPCR and western blot analysis.

Results
The expression levels of miR-145 were decreased in ALL patients (P < 0.001) and the prognosis of ALL in children with high miR-145 expression was significantly improved (P < 0.001). Increased miR-145 expression can improve the sensitivity of CEM-C1 cells to glucocorticoids. The expression levels of the proapoptotic and the anti-apoptotic genes Bax and Bcl-2 were increased and decreased, respectively, whereas the expression levels of the autophagicgenes Beclin 1 and LC were increased. In addition, the expression levels of the drug resistance gene MDR1 were decreased.

Conclusion
The expression levels of miR-145 in ALL children were decreased and they were associated with disease prognosis. The data indicated that miR-145 can reverse cell resistance by regulating apoptosis of CEM-C1 cells and autophagy.
Liposomal Nanotherapy for Treatment of Atherosclerosis
Authors: Darwitan Anastasia , Wong Yee Shan , Nguyen Luong T. H. , Czarny Bertrand , Vincent Anita , Nedumaran Anu Maashaa , Tan Yang Fei , Muktabar Aristo , Tang Jin Kai , Ng Kee Woei , Venkatraman Subbu 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAtherosclerosis is a chronic disease that can lead to life‐threatening events such as myocardial infarction and stroke, is characterized by the build‐up of lipids and immune cells within the arterial wall. It is understood that inflammation is a hallmark of atherosclerosis and can be a target for therapy. In support of this concept, an injectable nanoliposomal formulation encapsulating fluocinolone acetonide (FA), a corticosteroid, is developed that allows for drug delivery to atherosclerotic plaques while reducing the systemic exposure to off‐target tissues. In this study, FA is successfully incorporated into liposomal nanocarriers of around 100 nm in size with loading efficiency of 90% and the formulation exhibits sustained release up to 25 d. The anti‐inflammatory effect and cholesterol efflux capability of FA‐liposomes are demonstrated in vitro. In vivo studies carried out with an apolipoprotein E‐knockout (Apoe−/−) mouse model of atherosclerosis show accumulation of liposomes in atherosclerotic plaques, colocalization with plaque macrophages and anti‐atherogenic effect over 3 weeks of treatment. This FA‐liposomal‐based nanocarrier represents a novel potent nanotherapeutic option for atherosclerosis.
Wireless Multistimulus‐Responsive Fabric‐Based Actuators for Soft Robotic, Human–Machine Interactive, and Wearable Applications
Authors: Yin Rong , Yang Bao , Ding Xujiao , Liu Su , Zeng Wei , Li Jun , Yang Su , Tao Xiaoming 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSoft actuators driven by pneumatic or electric means are heavy and clumsy with physical connections, which hinders their applications in human–machine interactive, wearable, and biomedical fields. Herewith, a light fabric bimorph actuator is reported that is driven wirelessly by optical, thermal, and magnetic energy sources. Being fabricated by laminating electrically conductive fabric and biaxially oriented polypropylene film, the actuators show a large bending curvature of 0.75 cm−1 with optical stimulus and 0.55 cm−1 with magnetic stimulus, a response time of 0.27 s with a bending angle of 100° to magnetic stimulus, more than twice faster than previously reported bimorph actuators. Their remarkable performance is attributed to the optimal structural design based on a verified Timoshenko model, electrothermal and optical properties of the conductive fabric coated by copper/nickel. It is greatly enhanced by the large difference of thermal expansion coefficients between the film and fabric. Various wireless controlled prototypes are demonstrated, including a soft gripper, soft kickers, and artificial blooming flowers, illustrating a new way to mass produce cost‐effective bimorph actuators via a simple, green, and fast approach for applications in robots, wearable, and functional textiles.
BMP‐2 Signaling and Mechanotransduction Synergize to Drive Osteogenic Differentiation via YAP/TAZ
Authors: Wei Qiang , Holle Andrew , Li Jie , Posa Francesca , Biagioni Francesca , Croci Ottavio , Benk Amelie S. , Young Jennifer , Noureddine Fatima , Deng Jie , Zhang Man , Inman Gareth J. , Spatz Joachim P. , Campaner Stefano , Cavalcanti‐Adam Elisabetta A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractGrowth factors and mechanical cues synergistically affect cellular functions, triggering a variety of signaling pathways. The molecular levels of such cooperative interactions are not fully understood. Due to its role in osteogenesis, the growth factor bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP‐2) is of tremendous interest for bone regenerative medicine, osteoporosis therapeutics, and beyond. Here, contribution of BMP‐2 signaling and extracellular mechanical cues to the osteogenic commitment of C2C12 cells is investigated. It is revealed that these two distinct pathways are integrated at the transcriptional level to provide multifactorial control of cell differentiation. The activation of osteogenic genes requires the cooperation of BMP‐2 pathway‐associated Smad1/5/8 heteromeric complexes and mechanosensitive YAP/TAZ translocation. It is further demonstrated that the Smad complexes remain bound onto and active on target genes, even after BMP‐2 removal, suggesting that they act as a “molecular memory unit.” Thus, synergistic stimulation with BMP‐2 and mechanical cues drives osteogenic differentiation in a programmable fashion.