bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NEURAL TISSUE TIGHTNESS OF THE UPPER EXTREMITIES IN GUITARISTS
Authors: Sathaye Deepika , Kolke Sona , Shyam Ashok , Sancheti Parag 
Published: May 2020

Purpose: To find if guitarists had more neural tissue tightness as compared to non-guitarists. Methods: In this observational analytical study, 40 guitarists (18 to 38 yrs) playing for [Formula: see text]5 years, were recruited and compared with age, gender and BMI matched controls. A questionnaire, physical examination, and four upper limb tension test (ULTT’s) were used to screen the subjects. Results: The guitarists had increased neural tissue tightness as compared to the corresponding sides of non-guitarists ([Formula: see text]). The within-group comparison of guitarist’s indicated that ULTT1 of the left (fretboard limb) was more involved than the right (strumming limb) ([Formula: see text]). The Pearson chi-square correlation and point biserial association between ULTT2 and ULTT4 with symptomatic guitarists were significant. Similarly, years of experience, practice hours, and age had a significant correlation with symptoms. Conclusion: The guitarists had more neural tissue tightness as compared to non-guitarists (left limb[Formula: see text]right limb). Symptomatic guitarists were found to have more neural tissue tightness in ULTT2 and ULTT4 of both the limbs. The number of years of experience, practice hours, and age were also associated with symptomatic guitarists.
Combined Effects of Physical Activity and Air Pollution on Cardiovascular Disease: A Population‐Based Study
Authors: Kim Seong Rae , Choi Seulggie , Keum NaNa , Park Sang Min 
Published: May 2020

Background

Physical activity (
PA
), particularly outdoor
PA
, may have dual effects on cardiovascular disease (
CVD
) risk: health benefits of exercise and potential harmful effects attributable to increased exposure to air pollution. We examined the combined effects of
PA
and air pollution on
CVD
.

Methods and Results

Sampling from a nationwide cohort study of the Korean National Health Insurance Service, we examined 189 771 adults aged ≥40 years who underwent health examination between 2009 and 2010.
PA
was measured with a questionnaire on the weekly frequency and intensity. Ambient levels of particulate matter 10, 2.5 (
PM
10,
PM
2.5) were estimated by the residency of participants. We conducted Cox proportional hazard regression analysis to estimate the relationship between
CVD
risk and combined effects of
PA
and air pollution. Subjects with moderate to vigorous
PA
≥5 times/week and high
PM
10 exposure had lower risk of
CVD
(adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 0.73; 95%
CI
, 0.62–0.87), coronary heart disease (aHR, 0.76; 95%
CI
, 0.59–0.98), and stroke (aHR, 0.70; 95%
CI
, 0.56–0.88). The inverse association between
PA
and
CVD
risk was consistent when the analysis was performed for subjects with low/moderate
PM
10 exposure. When using
PM
2.5 data, the results were also consistent.

Conclusions

Moderate to vigorous
PA
appeared to reduce the risk of
CVD
within groups of both high and low
PM
10 or
PM
2.5 levels. Further studies are needed to validate whether the health benefits of
PA
outweigh the potential harmful effects resulting from increased exposure to air pollution during
PA
.
Prodikos zur Entstehung des Götterglaubens
Authors: Wifstrand Schiebe Marianne 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
A number of ancient texts ascribe to the well-known sophist Prodicus a theory concerning the rise of religion according to which early men came to regard and worship as gods all kinds of things useful to life. Modern scholars often claim that Prodicus also envisaged a second stage during which inventors of useful things came to be considered divine. The evidence adduced is a passage from Philodemus’ On Piety, which is then, more or less explicitly, considered superior to the other testimonies. The Stoic philosopher Persaeus is here reported to have briefly sketched and endorsed Prodicus’ theory in one of his works. However, a thorough syntactical analysis of the passage reveals that it confirms the rest of the evidence. The second stage obviously alluded to in the damaged text of the papyrus is without doubt ascribed to Persaeus himself.
Mȳthoi Erōtikoi
Authors: Baker Ashli J.E. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This article examines the role of Heracles as a mythical figure and god in Achilles Tatius’ Leucippe and Clitophon in order to show the ways in which his representation shapes a reading of the novel. This analysis argues that Heracles, a frequent presence in L&C, is depicted as an erotic figure over a heroic one and that he, therefore, embodies the interweaving of myth, narrative, and eroticism captured in the phrase mȳthoi erōtikoi and thematized throughout the novel. Furthermore, I suggest that the novel’s emphasis on erotic Heracles not only influences the reader’s understanding of Clitophon, but also contributes to the novel’s disruption of the genre’s expectations around heteroeroticism, monogamy, and marriage as the telos of the plot.
The well-being of medical students: A biopsychosocial approach
Authors: Vollmer-Conna Ute , Beilharz Jessica E , Cvejic Erin , Macnamara Claire L , Doherty Michelle , Steel Zachary , Hadzi-Pavlovic Dusan , Harvey Samuel B , Parker Gordon 
Published: May 2020

Objective: Mental health problems among medical students have been widely reported, but the predisposing and perpetuating factors and biological concomitants are poorly understood. Adopting a biopsychosocial approach, we studied well-being in a group of Australian medical students, focusing on sleep, autonomic and immune mechanisms, as well as mental, social and physical well-being, health-related behaviours, and daily functioning. Methods: Fourth-year medical students ( N = 151) completed comprehensive assessments, including laboratory-based and nocturnal autonomic monitoring via ambulatory bioharness, a psychiatric diagnostic interview, and questionnaires assessing sleep quality and psychosocial and physical well-being. A blood sample was taken to quantify the inflammatory marker C-reactive protein. Sleep, mood and activity was additionally monitored daily for 7 days. Results: A sizable minority of students reported diminished physical, mental and psychosocial well-being. We also found concerning levels of sleep disturbance and social and occupational impairment in a subset of students. The strong co-occurrence of problems across symptom domains supported a biopsychosocial interdependence of health and well-being states. Maladaptive coping behaviours were apparent, notably hazardous alcohol consumption, which was associated with a clinically significant elevation in C-reactive protein levels (> 3 mg/L). We documented, for the first time, significantly diminished nocturnal heart rate variability in medical students with a mental health diagnosis. Nocturnal heart rate variability was strongly associated with sleep quality, daytime autonomic stress reactivity, as well as occupational and social functioning. Conclusion: Well-being is a multifaceted phenomenon firmly interlinked with sleep, autonomic and immune function, health behaviours and functional outcomes. Our novel findings supported a key role for nocturnal autonomic function in promoting sleep quality and mental well-being. Interventions could focus on sleep hygiene and health behaviours as a buffer for well-being and teach more adaptive strategies for coping with the stresses of medical training.
Alcohol use in adolescents and adult psychopathology and social outcomes: Findings from a 35-year cohort study
Authors: Boden Joseph , Blair Sarah , Newton-Howes Giles 
Published: May 2020

Objective: To examine the consequences of alcohol consumption and symptoms of alcohol use disorder during adolescence and later adulthood psychopathology and social outcomes. Methods: A longitudinal, prospective birth cohort study, the Christchurch Health and Development Study, was examined across a 35-year period. We estimated the associations between two measures of adolescent alcohol use (volume of alcohol consumed and symptoms of alcohol use disorder) and two later internalising disorders, externalising psychopathology measured by substance use disorders and psychosocial outcomes in adulthood, adjusting for individual and family factors from childhood. Results: The pattern of results indicates alcohol symptoms predict internalising disorder in adulthood. Volume of alcohol used in adolescence predicted adult substance use disorders, lower educational attainment and higher risk of welfare benefit receipt in adulthood in fully adjusted models. Conclusion: Early consumption of larger volumes of alcohol led to continuation of this pattern in adult life with resulting poorer educational achievement, increased welfare benefit receipt and substance use disorders. Early symptoms of alcohol use disorder, however, led to increased adult levels of mental health disorders. This relationship persisted within a 20-year study period and after adjustment for statistically significant covariate factors. The study shows that early patterns of alcohol use have a direct and specific impact upon adult outcomes.
Biological and microbiological performance of new polymer-based chitosan and synthesized amino-cyclodextrin finished polypropylene abdominal wall prosthesis biomaterial
Authors: El-Ghoul Yassine 
Published: May 2020

This study deals with the development of a polypropylene (PP) artificial abdominal wall prosthesis textile with improved biological and antibiotic delivery properties. This added functionality was obtained by finishing of PP prosthesis textile with chitosan (CS), synthesized per-amino-cyclodextrin (CD-NH2) and polyacrylic acid (PAA). The finishing process involved polymerization between the three last mentioned reactants, which generated a cross-linked polymer that coated the PP surface meshes. Then different characterizations were performed on our wash-resistant functionalization to evaluate its efficiency. Firstly, wettability performance, for various grafting rates of the PP biomaterials, was assessed via the drop contact angle technique. Then, a mechanical characterization through an evaluation of the tensile strength revealed no influence of our grafting procedure on these properties. Scanning electron microscopy analysis was performed to evaluate the grafting mode and its effectiveness. Inclusion complex formation between the ciprofloxacin and both CD-NH2 and its polymer were studied via isothermal titration calorimetry measurements. Antibiotic sorption capacities of treated and untreated textile samples were then studied by batch assessments coupled with spectrophotometric analysis. The biological and microbiological properties of the PP mesh functionalized with the CS-CD-NH2 polymer and charged by selected antibiotic were assessed by cell culture analysis. After 3 and 6 days of cell contact, the results revealed an improved proliferation and adhesion of NIH3T3 fibroblastic cells and no obvious cytotoxicity on the chemical functionalized substrate. Finally, in vitro antimicrobial activity of the CS-CD-NH2-grafted PP biomaterial previously loaded with antibiotic was evaluated against the different bacteria strains, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis and Escherichia coli. Results revealed a greatly superior activity with the functionalized PP meshes compared to that of the untreated PP within a 24 h batch experiment in human blood plasma medium. In summary, the different results from the present study provide an insight into the efficient performance of CS/CD-NH2 polymer as drug delivery system for various applications in the field of medical biomaterials.
Free-breathing BLADE acquisition method improves T2-weighted cardiac MR image quality compared with conventional breath-hold turbo spin-echo cartesian acquisition
Authors: Liu Jingjing , Jin Hang , Chen Yinyin , Fu Caixia , Chen Caizhong , Zeng Mengsu 
Published: May 2020

Background Cardiac magnetic resonance (MR) has become an essential diagnostic imaging modality in cardiovascular disease. However, the insufficient image quality of traditional breath-hold (BH) T2-weighted (T2W) imaging may compromise its diagnostic accuracy. Purpose To assess the efficacy of the BLADE technique to reduce motion artifacts and improve the image quality. Material and Methods Free-breathing TSE-T2W imaging sequence with cartesian and BLADE k-space trajectory were acquired in 20 patients. Thirty patients underwent conventional BH turbo spin-echo (TSE) T2W imaging and free-breathing BLADE T2W (FB BLADE-T2W) imaging. Twenty-one patients who had a signal loss of myocardium in BH short-axis T2W turbo inversion recovery (TSE-T2W-TIR) were scanned using free-breathing BLADE T2W turbo inversion recovery (BLADE TSE-T2W-TIR). The overall image quality, blood nulling, and visualization of the heart were scored on a 5-point Likert scale. The signal loss of myocardium, incomplete fat suppression near the myocardium, and the streaking or ghosting artifacts were noted in T2W-TIR sequences additionally. Results The overall imaging quality, blood nulling, and the visualization of heart structure of FB BLADE-T2W imaging sequence were significantly better than those of FB T2W imaging with Cartesian k-space trajectory and BH TSE-T2W imaging sequence ( P<0.01). The FB BLADE TSE-T2W-TIR reduces the myocardium signal dropout ( P<0.05), incomplete fat suppression near myocardium ( P<0.05), and the streaking and ghosting artifacts ( P<0.05) in comparison with the BH TSE-T2W-TIR. Conclusions FB BLADE T2W imaging provides improved myocardial visibility, less motion sensitivity, and better image quality. It may be applied in patients who have poor breath-holding capability.
Persian participation measures for adolescents: A systematic review
Authors: Joveini Ghodsiyeh , Zareiyan Armin , Lajevardi Laleh , Khalafbeigi Mitra , Hassani Mehraban Afsoon 
Published: May 2020

Introduction Enhancing participation is the focus of occupational therapy. Comprehensive and accurate assessment ensures that clinicians can tailor an intervention to the client’s needs. This systematic review was completed to identify Persian adolescents’ participation measures and critically appraise them. It would be helpful in the selection of the most appropriate instrument to use in adolescent-related research and clinical practice. Method Ten bibliographic databases, four Iranian and six international, without year limits were searched up to June 2019. A systematic search was directed according to COSMIN guidelines for systematic reviews of patient-reported outcome measures and PRISMA guidelines (Systematic review registration: CRD42017073581). Results Seven measures were extracted from the articles. Reviewing the content and psychometric properties of the measures as well as the methodological quality of the studies indicated that the Modified Activity Questionnaire is the only measure with consistent and moderately reliable results. It measures adolescent participation in leisure activities but not all domains of participation. Conclusion There may be a growing need for adapting existing Persian measures or developing new ones based on specific age features related to puberty-stage alongside cultural, social and academic demands, which have a significant effect on adolescents’ participation in meaningful occupations. High methodological quality in designing such studies also has great importance.
Preliminary study of time estimation of daily activities in patients with chronic schizophrenia by questionnaire survey
Authors: Hoshino Aiko , Asakura Tatsumi , Cho Kilchoon , Murata Natsumi , Kogata Tomohiro , Kawamura Masashi , Kito Aki , Kato Urara 
Published: May 2020

Introduction Few studies have investigated time estimation of daily activities in patients with mental illness. Therefore, we conducted a preliminary study to extract the characteristics of time estimation in patients with schizophrenia. Method We conducted an investigation using the Questionnaire of Time Experience in Daily Activities in patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls. We compared the results between schizophrenia patients and healthy controls using t-tests. Results Thirty-four people participated in each group. T-tests showed significantly shorter length of time answers in the schizophrenia group for question 4, (“How long does it take you to go out after waking up in the morning?”). For question 5 (“When you have to take a bus, how long before departure time do you arrive at the bus stop?”) and question 6 (“You have an appointment with your friend. How long beforehand do you arrive at the appointed place?”), the answers of the schizophrenia group were significantly longer than the healthy controls. Conclusion Time estimations of some daily activities of patients with schizophrenia were significantly different from those of healthy controls. This study will support the next phase of psychometric testing of the Questionnaire of Time Experience in Daily Activities, after which the results will applicable to practice.
Infliximab treatment in refractory vascular Behcet’s disease: A single-center experience
Authors: Kehribar Demet Yalçın , Ozgen Metin 
Published: May 2020

Objective This study aims to investigate the efficacy and reliability of infliximab treatment in Behcet’s disease with vascular involvement. Methods This single-center retrospective study included a total of 18 patients diagnosed with Behcet’s disease with vascular involvement who were initiated infliximab treatment after exhibiting resistance to conventional immunosuppressive treatments. Results Seventeen patients achieved remission with infliximab treatment. While 18 patients were receiving a median of 50 (IQR: 20–61) mg/day equivalent of methylprednisolone before infliximab treatment, after infliximab treatment, only four patients were receiving 4 mg/day equivalent of methylprednisolone ( p < 0.001). Only 4 patients were receiving oral anticoagulant treatment during infliximab treatment, and compared to the patients who were not receiving oral anticoagulants, there was no significant difference between the two groups according to occurrence of new vascular events. Conclusion Infliximab seems to be an effective and reliable treatment in Behcet’s disease with vascular involvement and may also allow reduced dosage or even the discontinuation of corticosteroids. The results of our study suggest that oral anticoagulant use is unnecessary in Behcet’s disease with vascular involvement. However, further long-term randomized controlled studies are needed to investigate the length of infliximab regimen, whether or not it should be discontinued, and if so, whether or not immunosuppressants should be given as maintenance after discontinuation.
DEVT: A randomized, controlled, multicenter trial of direct endovascular treatment versus standard bridging therapy for acute stroke patients with large vessel occlusion in the anterior circulation – Protocol
Authors: Qiu Zhongming , Liu Hansheng , Li Fengli , Luo Weidong , Wu Deping , Shi Zhonghua , Liu Wenhua , Huang Wenguo , Fu Xinmin , Qiu Tao , Wang Li , Yang Shiquan , Zhang Shuai , Wang Yan , Bai Yongjie , Liu Xuan , Li Huagang , Liu Yong , Li Wei , Wan Yue , Ai Zhibing , Yao Xiaoxi , Luo Jun , Pu Jie , Zhou Zhiming , Wang Shouchun , Wen Changming , Ling Wentong , Liu Shudong , Yang Weimin , Zeng Guoyong , Wu Youlin , Guo Fuqiang , Chen Shengli , Huang Junjie , Wang Zhen , Peng Miao , Zhang Min , Zhou Peiyang , Chen Luming , Liu Shuai , Yue Chengsong , Yang Jun , Gong Zili , Shuai Jie , Sang Hongfei , Nogueira Raul G , Zi Wenjie , Yang Qingwu ,   on behalf of the DEVT study investigators
Published: May 2020

Background Eight randomized controlled trials have consistently shown that endovascular treatment plus best medical treatment improves outcome after acute anterior proximal intracranial large vessel occlusion strokes. Whether intravenous thrombolysis prior to endovascular treatment in patients with anterior circulation, large vessel occlusion is of any additional benefits remains unclear. Objective This study compares the safety and efficacy of direct endovascular treatment versus intravenous recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator bridging with endovascular treatment (bridging therapy) in acute stroke patients with intracranial internal carotid artery or middle cerebral artery-M1 occlusion within 4.5 h of symptom onset. Methods and design The DEVT study is a randomized, controlled, multicenter trial with blinded outcome assessment. This trial uses a five-look group-sequential non-inferiority design. Up to 194 patients in each interim analysis will be consecutively randomized to direct endovascular treatment or bridging therapy group in 1:1 ratio over three years from about 30 hospitals in China. Outcomes The primary end-point is the proportion of independent neurological function defined as modified Rankin scale score of 0 to 2 at 90 days. The primary safety measure is symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage at 48 h and mortality at 90 days. Trial registry number ChiCTR-IOR-17013568 ( www.chictr.org.cn ).
Effectivity of benzydamine hydrochloride gargle to reduce propofol consumption in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography procedure: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Sugiarto Adhrie , Kapuangan Christopher , Tantri Aida Rosita , Chrisnata Vincent 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a complex endoscopic procedure that requires moderate to deep sedation. Propofol is the sedative agent of choice for sedation in ERCP due to its fast distribution and fast elimination time without a cumulative effect after infusion, resulting in shorter recovery time. Benzydamine hydrochloride is a topical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that has analgesic, local anesthetic, and anti-inflammatory effects that have been known to be effective in reducing postoperative sore throat. Combination of propofol and topical analgesic may provide adequate sedation and reduce propofol consumption. This study aimed to determine the effectivity of benzydamine hydrochloride gargling in reducing propofol consumption in the ERCP procedure.

Methods
This study was a single-blind randomized controlled trial for patients undergoing ERCP procedures at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital from August to September 2018. A total of 72 subjects were recruited consecutively and randomly assigned into two groups. The first group received 15 mL of 0.15% benzydamine hydrochloride mouthwash prior to the procedure, whereas the second group received 15 mL of water mouthwash. Additional propofol was administered when patient moved or Ramsay Sedation Scale rose above 4. Cumulative propofol consumption per kg body weight per minute and incidence of postoperative sore throat were recorded in each group. Incidence of desaturation, postoperative nausea vomitting, and dysphagia were also recorded. Data analysis was performed with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences.

Results
Cumulative propofol consumption per minute per kg body weight in the benzydamine hydrochloride group was 152.7 (91.9–238.8) mcg/kg/minute, while in the control group was 200.05 (114.4–380.2) mcg/kg/ minute (p = < 0.001). The incidence of sore throat on the 0th, 2nd, and 4th hour for the benzydamine hydrochloride group was 11.4, 11.4, and 5.7%, while in the control group was 50, 52.8, and 36.1% (p = < 0.001, < 0.001, 0.003). Desaturation was found in control group whereas none in benzydamine hydrochloride group. Complaints of nausea and vomiting were comparable in both groups.

Conclusion
Benzydamine hydrochloride gargling was effective in reducing cumulative propofol consumption in the ERCP procedure.

Trial registration
Study was registered retrospectively in ClinicalTrials.gov with NCT04167592 on November 8th 2019.