bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of sleep/wake problems and delivery outcomes among pregnant Japanese women without gestational complications
Authors: Umeno Shiho , Kato Chiho , Nagaura Yuki , Kondo Hideaki , Eto Hiromi 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background : Frequently observed sleep/wake problems among pregnant women need comprehensive evaluation. This study was conducted to clarify the sleep/wake problems among pregnant women without gestational complications during the second and third trimester and the effects of sleep/wake problems on delivery outcomes.
Methods : A total of 88 Japanese pregnant women participated in this study. In their second and third trimester, subjective sleep quality, insomnia severity, excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), and restless legs syndrome/Willis-Ekbom disease (RLS/WED) were assessed using questionnaires; also, sleep disordered breathing (SDB) was screened using a pulse oximeter.
Results : From the second to the third trimester, an increasing tendency of sleep/wake problems was observed. During the third trimester, the percentages of women experiencing decreased subjective sleep quality, difficulty maintaining sleep (DMS), EDS, RLS/WED, and 3% oxygen desaturation index (ODI) values ≥ 5/hour were 62.5%, 45.5%, 48.9%, 9.1%, and 29.5%, respectively. In a logistic regression analysis for EDS in the third trimester, the adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of total sleep time < 6 hours, moderate to severe DMS, and 3% ODI values ≥ 5/hour were 3.25 (1.16–9.10), 4.74 (1.60–14.00), and 0.90 (0.28–2.89), respectively. Although short sleep times, decreased subjective sleep quality, EDS, and SDB did not affect delivery outcomes or the infant’s condition, the percentage of women undergoing cesarean sections in the severe insomnia group was significantly higher (p = 0.008), and one case of stillbirth with severe sleep/wake problems including RLS/WED, short sleep times, decreased sleep quality, insomnia, and EDS occurred.
Conclusions : Sleep/wake problems were frequent during pregnancy, especially during the third trimester. EDS among pregnant women was associated with shorter sleep times and DMS rather than SDB. The effect of factors related to insomnia on delivery outcomes should thus be considered as a crucial problem among pregnant Japanese women without gestational complications in the clinical practice.
Full-length transcriptome sequencing and comparative transcriptomic analysis to uncover genes involved in early gametogenesis in the gonads of Amur sturgeon (Acipenser schrenckii)
Authors: Zhang Xiujuan , Zhou Jiabin , Li Linmiao , Huang Wenzhong , Ahmad Hafiz Ishfaq , Li Huiming , Jiang Haiying , Chen Jinping 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Sturgeons (Acipenseriformes) are polyploid chondrostean fish that constitute an important model species for studying development and evolution in vertebrates. To better understand the mechanisms of reproduction regulation in sturgeon, this study combined PacBio isoform sequencing (Iso-Seq) with Illumina short-read RNA-seq methods to discover full-length genes involved in early gametogenesis of the Amur sturgeon, Acipenser schrenckii. Results: A total of 50.04 G subread bases were generated from two SMRT cells, and herein 164,618 nonredundant full-length transcripts (unigenes) were produced with an average length of 2,782 bp from gonad tissues (three testes and four ovaries) from seven 3-year-old A. schrenckii individuals. The number of ovary-specific expressed unigenes was greater than those of testis (19,716 vs. 3,028), and completely different KEGG pathways were significantly enriched between the ovary-biased and testis-biased DEUs. Importantly, 60 early gametogenesis-related genes (involving 755 unigenes) were successfully identified, and exactly 50 percent (30/60) genes of those showed significantly differential expression in testes and ovaries. Among these, the Amh and Gsdf with testis-biased expression, and the Foxl2 and Cyp19a with ovary-biased expression strongly suggested the important regulatory roles in spermatogenesis and oogenesis of A. schrenckii, respectively. We also found the four novel Sox9 transcript variants, which increase the numbers of regulatory genes and imply function complexity in early gametogenesis. Finally, a total of 236,672 AS events (involving 36,522 unigenes) were detected, and 10,556 putative long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and 4,339 predicted transcript factors (TFs) were also respectively identified, which were all significantly associated with the early gametogenesis of A. schrenckii. Conclusions: Overall, our results provide new genetic resources of full-length transcription data and information as a genomic-level reference for sturgeon. Crucially, we explored the comprehensive genetic characteristics that differ between the testes and ovaries of A. schrenckii in the early gametogenesis stage, which could provide candidate genes and theoretical basis for further the mechanisms of reproduction regulation of sturgeon.
Short- and medium-term clinical outcomes of culture-negative and culture-positive periprosthetic joint infection
Authors: Xu Zhiyang , Cai Yuanqing , Fang Xinyu , Huang Zida , Zhang Chaofan , Li Wenbo , Zhang Wenming 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical outcomes of culture-negative periprosthetic infection (CN PJI) with those of culture-positive periprosthetic infection (CP PJI).Methods The clinical data of 77 patients with prosthetic infections were collected retrospectively. The mean follow-up time was 29.2 months (12-76 months). The remission rates of CN PJI and CP PJI were compared. The effects of the culture results on the curative effect were further compared by survival analysis. The correlations between sex, age, underlying diseases, sinus, disease course, joint involvement, surgical strategy, culture results and clinical outcomes were further analyzed by logistic regression.Results In total, there were 24 cases of CN PJI, with an incidence of 29.63%. The overall success rate of CN PJI was 86.4% (19/22),and overall success rate of CP PJI was 87.5% (42/48). There was no significant difference in the success rate between CN PJI and CP PJI. The incidence of antibiotic-related complications for CN PJI was significant higher than that for CP PJI, with 58.3% for CN PJI and 11.3% for CP PJI, respectively.Conclusion CN PJI was treated according to the strict standards for the diagnosis and treatment, and the success rate of treatment for CN PJI was similar to that for CP PJI. The incidence of antibiotic-related complications from CN PJI was higher than that from CP PJI.
Pattern of Fasting Blood Sugar, Blood Pressure and Body Mass Index among Combined Oral Contraceptive (COC) Pills Users in Chencha, Southern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Kofole Zelalem , Haile Diresbachew , Solomon Yerukneh , Girma Eyayu 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: The use of contraceptives has become prevalent among women in Ethiopia. Oral contraceptive use has been suggested to trigger changes in glucose metabolism, energy expenditure, blood pressure, and body weight, among the various populations and ethnic groups. Objective: To elucidate the pattern of fasting blood sugar (FBS), blood pressure and body mass index (BMI) among combined oral contraceptive (COC) pills users, taking into account other confounding factors including socioeconomic conditions and physical activity status. Methods: An institution based cross-sectional study design was employed. A total of 110 healthy women using pills were recruited as cases. Another 110 healthy women not using any hormonal contraceptives were recruited as matched controls. A study was conducted between October 2018 and January 2019. Fasting Capillary blood sample was collected from the study participants for the estimation of the FBS level. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures were measured and means arterial blood pressure was calculated for each participant. Body weight and height were measured to compute body mass index. Data obtained was entered and analyzed using IBM SPSS version 23 software packages. Results: FBS level in users was significantly increased compared to controls (88.55 ± 7.89 vs. 86.00 ± 9.85 in users and controls respectively, P = 0.025). There was a significant difference in mean arterial blood pressure of users compared to controls (88.2 ± 8.48 vs. 86.0 ± 6.74 respectively, P=0.04). The mean weight and body mass index of users were significantly increased (P = 0.03 and P = 0.003, respectively). Changes in mean fasting blood sugar level and mean weight of users were independent (P = 0.27 and P = 0.46) to the duration of use (3-12, 13-24 and ≥ 25 months). On the other hand, changes in mean body mass index and mean arterial blood pressure of users were dependent of the duration of use (P = 0.03 and P = 0.000 respectively). Conclusions: Overall, oral contraceptive pills use appears to cause a 2.9% increase in fasting blood glucose level, a 2.5% increase in mean arterial blood pressure and a 3.9% increase in body mass index among the users.
Assessment of government health center needs to implement long-acting reversible contraception services in rural Rwanda
Authors: Mazzei Amelia , Ingabire Rosine , Karita Etienne , Mukamuyango Jeannine , Nyombayire Julien , Parker Rachel , Tichacek Amanda , Allen Susan , Wall Kristin M 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background. There is unmet need for family planning in Rwanda. We previously developed an evidence-based couples’ family planning counseling (C)FPC program in the capital city that combines: 1) fertility goal-based family planning counseling with a focus on long-acting reversible contraceptive (LARC) for couples wishing to delay pregnancy; 2) health center capacity building for provision of LARC methods, and 3) LARC promotion by community health workers (CHW) trained in community-based provision (CBP) of oral and injectable contraception. From 2015-2016, this service was integrated into eight government health centers in Kigali, reaching 6,072 clients and resulting in 5,743 LARC insertions. Methods. From May-July 2016, we conducted health center needs assessments in 30 rural health centers using surveys, key informant interviews, logbook extraction, and structured observations. The assessment focused on the infrastructure, materials, and human resources needed for LARC demand creation and provision.Results. Few nurses had received training in LARC insertion (41% implant, 27% intrauterine device (IUD)). All health centers reported working with CHW, but none trained in LARC promotion. Health centers had limited numbers of IUDs (average 16.4), implants (average 56.1), functional gynecological exam tables (average 2.3), and lamps for viewing the cervix (average <1). Many did not have backup power supplies (40%). Most health centers reported no funding partners for family planning assistance (60%). Per national guidelines, couples’ voluntary HIV counseling and testing (CVCT) was provided at the first antenatal visit at all clinics, reaching over 80% of pregnant women and their partners. However, only 10% of health centers had integrated family planning and HIV services. Conclusions. To successfully implement (C)FPC and LARC services in rural health centers across Rwanda, material and human resource capacity for LARC provision will need to be greatly strengthened through equipment (gynecological exam tables, sterilization capacity, lamps, and backup power supplies), provider trainings and follow-up supervision, and new funding partnerships. Simultaneously, awareness of LARC methods will need to be increased among couples through education and promotion to ensure that demand and supply scale up together. The potential for integrating (C)FPC with ongoing CVCT in antenatal clinics is unique in Africa and should be pursued.
What is the real level of physical disability among elderly Chinese? A comparative study based on four national social surveys
Authors: Qiao Xiaochun , Chen He , Liu Yan , Wu Xiaolan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
BackgroundAlong with the increasing availability of national surveys on elderly health, the real level of physical disability among elderly Chinese is still a myth due to the data incomparability. This study aims to add knowledge on this topic by improving data comparability across surveys.Methods Data were drawn from four national surveys, including Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) 2014, Sample Survey of the Aged Population in Urban/Rural China (SSAPUR) 2015, China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) 2015, and China Longitudinal Aging Social Survey (CLASS) 2014. The study subjects were people aged 65 years or above living in communities. The final sample size in four surveys analyzed was between 5008 in CHARLS and 144.0 thousand in SSAPUR. Katz activities of daily living (ADL) index was used to assess physical functioning. A series of measures were taken to harmonize ADL index across surveys. The reliability and validity of index was examined with Cronbach’s alpha, confirmatory and exploratory factor analysis. A standardized physical disability prevalence was computed by applying sex and age structure in 2015 China national 1% sample survey to the crude prevalence.Results All the Katz ADL indexes in four surveys had good internal consistency with Cronbach’s alpha higher than 0.80 and good construct validity according to confirmatory and exploratory factor analysis results. After standardization, the physical disability prevalence remained significantly different across surveys, ranging from 10.21% (9.47%-10.95%) to 18.07% (17.88%-18.27%). The total number of older population with physical disability in China was between 14.68 million and 25.98 million, which was a wide range. The variation in physical disability prevalence was higher with respect to older age, rural residence, and mild disability.Conclusions Considering all the surveys have both advantages and disadvantages in assessing ADL disability, it’s difficult to conclude the best data source on this topic. We suggest that future studies on, such as elderly physical disability and long-term care need, use multiple data sources at the same time to produce robust results.
Effects of in vivo cyclic compressive loading on the distribution of local type II collagen and superficial lubricin in rat knee articular cartilage
Authors: JI XIANG , Ito Akira , Nakahata Akihiro , Nishitani Kohei , Kuroki Hiroshi , Aoyama Tomoki 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background This study aimed to examine the effects of a single episode of in vivo cyclic loading on rat knee articular cartilage (AC) in mid-term observation and investigate relevant factors associated with the progression of post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA). Methods Twelve-week-old Wistar rats underwent one episode of 60 cycles of dynamic compression of 20 N or 50 N on their right knee joint. The spatiotemporal changes in the AC after loading were evaluated using histology and immunohistochemistry at 3 days, 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks after loading (n=6 for each condition). The chondrocyte vitality was assessed at 1, 3, 6 and 12 hours after loading (n=2 for each condition). ResultsA localized AC lesion on lateral femoral condyle was confirmed in all subjects. The surface and intermediate cartilage in the affected area degenerated after loading, yet the calcified cartilage remained intact. The expression of type II collagen in the lesion cartilage was upregulated after loading, whereas the superficial lubricin layer was eroded in response to cyclic compression. However, the distribution of superficial lubricin gradually recovered to the normal level 4 weeks after loading-induced injury.ConclusionWe confirmed that 60 times cyclic loading exceeding 20 N could result in cartilage damage in rat knee. Endogenous repairs in well-structured joints work well with rebuilding protective layers on the lesion cartilage surface, which could be the latent factor in delaying the progression of PTOA.
Does switching to anatomically pre-contoured clavicle plates lead to fewer failures and removals than reconstruction plates? - a propensity score matched retrospective cohort study of 114 patients
Authors: Fang Christian , Liu Ruiping , Yee Dennis King Hang , Chau Jackie , Lau Tak-Wing , Chan Rebecca , Woo Siu-Bon , Wong Tak-Man , Fang Evan , Leung Frankie 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Plate fixation is frequently used to treat displaced midshaft clavicular fractures, however the ideal plate choice remains subject to discussion; reconstruction locking compression plates (RLCPs) are cheaper and can be easily contoured, whereas anatomically pre-contoured locking compression plates (ALCPs) are thought to provide better stability and therefore lower rates of mechanical failure. Objective: To compare the incidence of mechanical failures, functional and radiological outcomes in patients with midshaft clavicular fractures treated with ALCPs versus RLCPs. Methods: A propensity score matched retrospective cohort study was conducted across two trauma centers. 114 consecutively recruited patients with displaced midshaft clavicular fractures, who were treated with plate fixation and had a minimum follow-up of 6 months, were matched on gender, age, fracture grading, energy of injury, and fracture location. The resulting groups included 53 ALCP-treated fractures and 53 matched controls treated with RLCPs. Results: During a mean follow-up of 20.5 months, there were no implant deformities in the ALCP group whereas the RLCP group had 6 patients (11.3%, p=0.012) with implant deformities (5 occurrences of plate bending with fracture union, and 1 plate breakage with nonunion). Despite the higher rate of plate deformities in the RLCP group, there were no statistically significant differences in number of patients recovering full shoulder range of motion (ALCP 90.6%, RLCP 88.7%, p=0.751), incidence of rest pain (ALCP 13.2%, RLCP 9.4%, p=0.542), or implant removals (ALCP 49.1%, RLCP 56.6%, p=0.439). Conclusion: ALCPs may be superior to RLCPs in terms of implant stability but appear to produce similar clinical results. Keywords: anatomical plate; locking plate; clavicle fracture; plate fixation; midshaft clavicle
Comparative Study of Imaging and Pathology of Sacroiliac Joint in Normal Rats Based on IVIM-DWI and DCE-MRI
Authors: Qin Jian , Yao Qianqian , Ge Xubo , Zhu Jianzhong , Yin Zhaoliang , Li Xiaoqian , Li changqin 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background There are few reports describing the relationship between functional MRI findings and pathology of normal sacroiliac joint (SIJ). Furthermore, the pathology of SIJ is difficult to access, so animal models have special value.Aims We undertook this study to explore the relationship between parameters of Intravoxel incoherent motion(IVIM-DWI), Dynamic contract enhance(DCE-MRI) and pathology in SIJ of rats in different ages.Methods Thirty 7 week-old male wistar rats were included in the study. The parameters of IVIM-DWI and DCE-MRI in bone marrow and synovial membrane of SIJ were measured respectively at 8th, 13th, 18th, 23th, 28th and 33th weeks, then the pathological features of SIJ were gotten. One-way ANOVA were used for statistical analysis.Results The values of D in the sacrum, ilium marrow of normal rats in different age groups decreased with the increase of age, and ANOVA indicated a significant difference in D values among different age groups( P= 0.000). The normal values of D*, f, Fenh%, Senh(s -1 ) in the sacrum, ilium marrow, and the synovial membrane in SIJ of normal rats were obtained. In six groups of rats with different weeks of age, the pathology of SIJ surface was smooth and clear, the cartilage cells were intact, and no thickening or pannus formation was found.Conclusions The range of IVIM-DWI and DCE-MRI parameters of sacrum, ilium bone marrow and synovial area of joint space in normal rats were obtained. It provides a basis for further clinical study of SIJ lesions.
Statistical analysis plan for early mobilisation by head-up tilt with stepping versus standard care after severe traumatic brain injury – a randomised clinical feasibility trial
Authors: Riberholt Christian Gunge , Gluud Christian , Jakobsen Janus Christian , Ovesen Christian , Mehlsen Jesper , Møller Kirsten 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Early mobilisation on a tilt table with stepping versus standard care may be beneficial for patients with severe brain injury, but data from randomised clinical trials are lacking.
Methods: This detailed statistical analysis plan describes the analyses of data collected in a randomised clinical feasibility trial for early mobilisation by head-up tilt with stepping versus standard care after severe traumatic brain injury. Primary feasibility outcomes are the proportion of included participants who were randomised out of all screened patients; the proportion of participants allocated to the experimental intervention who received at least 60% of the planned exercise sessions; and safety outcomes such as adverse events and reactions and serious adverse events and reactions. Exploratory clinical outcomes are suspected unexpected serious adverse reactions; and functional outcomes as assessed by Coma Recovery Scale – Revised at four weeks; Early Functional Ability Scale and Functional Independence Measure at three months. The description includes the statistical analyses including use of multiple imputation and Trial Sequential Analysis.
Conclusions: The present statistical analysis plan serves to minimise potential trial reporting bias and selective P hacking and to improve transparency. This trial will inform the feasibility of a potential future multicentre randomised clinical trial.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02924649. Registered on 3 October 2016.
Antioxidant, Antibacterial and Antifungal Activities of Different Extracts of Silybum marianum Collected from Duhok (Iraq)
Authors: MOHAMMED Falah Saleh , PEHLİVAN Mustafa , SEVİNDİK Mustafa 
Published: December 2019

In this study, antioxidant, antibacterial and antifungal activities of Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. collected from Duhok (Iraq) were determined. Ethanol, methanol and dichloromethane extracts of the fruit part of plant were obtained. Antioxidant potential was determined with TAS and TOS kits using ethanol extracts. Antibacterial and antifungal activity were determined using agar dilution method. Antibacterial activity was determined against 6 bacterial strains (Staphylococcus aureus, S. aureus MRSA, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii). Antifungal activity was determined against Candida albicans, C. krusei and C. glabrata. As a result of the studies, it was determined that plant extracts have high antioxidant activity. It was also found to be effective against bacteria at 25-400 µg/mL concentrations. Plant extracts were found to be more effective against gram negative bacteria. It was found to be effective against Candida species at 400-800 µg/mL concentrations. As a result, it was determined that the fruit parts of plant could be a natural antioxidant and antibacterial source.