bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact on mental health practitioners of the death of a patient by suicide: A systematic review
Authors: Sandford David M. , Kirtley Olivia J. , Thwaites Richard , O'Connor Rory C. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThere is a growing body of research investigating the impact on mental health professionals of losing a patient through suicide. However, the nature and extent of the impact is unclear. This systematic review synthesizes both quantitative and qualitative studies in the area. The aim was to review the literature on the impact of losing a patient through suicide with respect to both personal and professional practice responses as well as the support received. A search of the major psychological and medical databases was conducted, using keywords including suicide, patient, practitioner, and impact, which yielded 3,942 records. Fifty‐four studies were included in the final narrative synthesis. Most common personal reactions in qualitative studies included guilt, shock, sadness, anger, and blame. Impact on professional practice included self‐doubt and being more cautious and defensive in the management of suicide risk. As quantitative study methodologies were heterogeneous, it was difficult to make direct comparisons across studies. However, 13 studies (total n = 717 practitioners) utilized the Impact of Event Scale, finding that between 12% and 53% of practitioners recorded clinically significant scores. The need for training that is focused on the impact of suicides, and the value placed upon informal support was often cited. The experience of losing a patient through suicide can have a significant impact on mental health professionals, both in terms of their personal reactions and subsequent changes to professional practice. The negative impact, however, may be moderated by cultural and organisational factors and by the nature of support available.
Environmental performance, carbon performance and earnings management: Empirical evidence for the European capital market
Authors: Velte Patrick 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between environmental performance, carbon performance and earnings management. This analysis includes panel regressions as empirical‐quantitative (archival) research methods and looks at the 2014–2018 financial years of companies listed on the STOXX Europe 600 (1,509 firm‐year observations). Environmental (carbon) performance proxies are included as independent variables, and with two earnings quality measures, accrual‐based earnings management (ACC) and real earnings management (REM) as dependent variables. Our findings align with prior research on sustainability performance and indicate that environmental (carbon) performance reduces ACC but increases REM. After including Granger causality tests, we find no indications of a bidirectional relationship. This analysis makes a key contribution to prior studies as this appears to be the first on the relationship between environmental (carbon) performance and earnings management in the European capital market. The study has major implications for business practice, regulators and research. Managers might use environmental and carbon strategies for greenwashing policies as this change in earnings management can be hardly detected by other stakeholders.
Opportunities for the Use of Brazilian Biomass to Produce Renewable Chemicals and Materials
Authors: Alarcon Rafael T. , Lamb Katie J. , Bannach Gilbert , North Michael 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis Review highlights the principal crops of Brazil and how their harvest waste can be used in the chemicals and materials industries. The Review covers various plants; with grains, fruits, trees and nuts all being discussed. Native and adopted plants are included and studies on using these plants as a source of chemicals and materials for industrial applications, polymer synthesis, medicinal use and in chemical research are discussed. The main aim of the Review is to highlight the principal Brazilian agricultural resources; such as sugarcane, oranges and soybean, as well as secondary resources, such as andiroba brazil nut, buriti and others, which should be explored further for scientific and technological applications. Furthermore, vegetable oils, carbohydrates (starch, cellulose, hemicellulose, lignocellulose and pectin), flavones and essential oils are described as well as their potential applications.
The Future of Carbon Dioxide Chemistry
Authors: Dibenedetto Angela , Nocito Francesco 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe utilization of carbon dioxide as building block for chemicals or source of carbon for energy products has been explored for over 40 years now, with varying allure. In correspondence with oil‐crises, the use of CO2has come into the spotlight, soon set aside when the crisis was over due to the low price of fossil carbon and the convenience of using established technologies. Nowadays, there is a continuous shift from fossil‐C‐based to perennial (solar, wind, geothermal, hydro‐power) energy‐driven processes that will also have a great potential to convert large amounts of carbon dioxide. The integration of biotechnology and catalysis will be a key player towards the utilization of CO2in several different applications, reducing both the extraction of fossil carbon and the carbon transfer to the atmosphere.
Leveraging public data to offer online inquiry opportunities
Authors: Thompson Seth K. , Kirkpatrick Catherine , Kramer Maxwell , Cotner Sehoya 
Published: September 2020

AbstractInquiry activities have become increasingly common in Ecology and Evolution courses, but the rapid shift to remote instruction for many faculty members in response to the COVID‐19 pandemic has created new challenges for maintaining these student‐centered activities in a distance learning format. Moving forward, many instructors will be asked to create flexible course structures that allow for a mix of different teaching modalities and will be looking for resources to support student inquiry in both online and in‐person settings. Here, we propose the use of data‐driven inquiry activities as a flexible option for offering students experiences to build career‐relevant skills and learn fundamental ecological concepts. We share lessons learned from our experiences teaching a two‐semester course‐based research experience in global change ecology that leverages publicly available datasets to engage students in broadly relevant scientific inquiry.
The relationship between morphology and behavior in mixed‐species flocks of island birds
Authors: Weeks Brian C. , Naeem Shahid , Winger Benjamin M. , Cracraft Joel 
Published: September 2020

AbstractUnderstanding how co‐occurring species divide ecological space is a central issue in ecology. Functional traits have the potential to serve as a means for quantitatively assessing niche partitioning by different species based on their ecological attributes, such as morphology, behavior, or trophic habit. This enables testing ecological and evolutionary questions using functional traits at spatio‐temporal scales that are not feasible using traditional field methods. Both rapid evolutionary change and inter‐ and intraspecific competition, however, may limit the utility of morphological functional traits as indicators of how niches are partitioned. To address how behavior and morphology interact, we quantified foraging behavior of mixed‐species flocks of birds in the Solomon Islands to test whether behavior and morphology are correlated in these flocks. We find that foraging behavior is significantly correlated with morphological traits (p = .05), but this correlation breaks down after correcting for phylogenetic relatedness (p = .66). These results suggest that there are consistent correlations between aspects of behavior and morphology at large taxonomic scales (e.g., across genera), but the relationship between behavior and morphology depends largely on among‐clade differences and may be idiosyncratic at shallower scales (e.g., within genera). As a result, general relationships between behaviors and morphology may not be applicable when comparing close relatives.
Occupancy‐based monitoring of ungulate prey species in Thailand indicates population stability, but limited recovery
Authors: Phumanee Worrapan , Steinmetz Robert , Phoonjampa Rungnapa , Bejraburnin Thawatchai , Grainger Matthew , Savini Tommaso 
Published: September 2020

AbstractLongitudinal studies of wildlife are urgently needed in South‐East Asia to understand population responses to the high poaching pressure that characterizes this region. We monitored population trends and habitat use of five heavily poached ungulate species (gaur, sambar, wild pig, red muntjac, and Fea's muntjac) over five years in two protected areas in western Thailand using camera trap surveys. We used single‐season occupancy models to investigate effects of ecological and anthropological variables on ungulate distribution, and multi‐season models to assess occupancy dynamics over time. Occupancy of gaur and sambar was low (<0.25), but concentrated near saltlicks and at low elevations. Wild pig and muntjac occupancies were 3–4 times higher (0.60–0.80). Wild pig occupancy was lower near villages, but this effect dissipated in the final year of the study, coinciding with a purported decrease in poaching. Wild pig occupancy increased significantly, with the probability of colonizing new sites doubling from 0.40 to 0.81 over time. In contrast, occupancy rates of gaur, sambar, and muntjac did not grow, though they were stable. Poaching pressure during the study was low, perhaps allowing populations to stabilize. But only wild pig (the most resilient of the five species) increased. The failure of gaur and sambar to recover might stem from historical overhunting combined with ecological constraints, particularly low saltlick density. Recovery of ungulates (and the carnivores that depend on them) in overhunted South‐East Asian reserves might require intensive interventions, particularly habitat improvement and population augmentation, to achieve conservation objectives.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) and obesity. Impact of obesity and its main comorbidities in the evolution of the disease
Authors: Cornejo‐Pareja Isabel M. , Gómez‐Pérez Ana M. , Fernández‐García José C. , Barahona San Millan Rebeca , Aguilera Luque Alexandre , de Hollanda Ana , Jiménez Amanda , Jimenez‐Murcia Susana , Munguia Lucero , Ortega Emilio , Fernandez‐Aranda Fernando , Fernández Real José M. , Tinahones Francisco 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic is posing a great challenge worldwide. Its rapid progression has caused thousands of deaths worldwide. Although multiple aspects remain to be clarified, some risk factors associated with a worse prognosis have been identified. These include obesity and some of its main complications, such as diabetes and high blood pressure. Furthermore, although the possible long‐term complications and psychological effects that may appear in survivors of COVID‐19 are not well known yet, there is a concern that those complications may be greater in obese patients. In this manuscript, we review some of the data published so far and the main points that remain to be elucidated are emphasized.
Reconstruction of the Grenfell Tower fire – Part 4: Contribution to the understanding of fire propagation and behaviour during horizontal fire spread
Authors: Guillaume Eric , Dréan Virginie , Girardin Bertrand , Fateh Talal 
Published: September 2020

SummaryThe tragic events at Grenfell Tower in 2017, involving a combustible façade system, have raised concerns regarding the fire risk that these systems pose. In this series of articles, so far published, fire development inside the initial apartment has been investigated using an appropriate computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model. Several scenarios including different fire sources and ventilation conditions were addressed. Fire propagation through the window to the external façade and to higher apartments was modelled. This model was validated by comparing the numerical results with the visual observations reported in the Grenfell Inquiry. A CFD model of the complete east face of the Grenfell Tower was then created. This paper details CFD modelling of the complete Grenfell Tower façade during the late horizontal phase of fire spread. As the physics of lateral flame spread is different from that for upward flame spread, it is important to assess the validity of the model, thus far developed, for this configuration. Fire propagation over the whole façade is modelled and compared with observations from the real disaster. This provides a better understanding of its fire behaviour and of the contribution of architectural details and their impact on fire spread.
The early impact of Scotland's minimum unit pricing policy on alcohol prices and sales
Authors: Xhurxhi Irena Palamani 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn May 2018, Scotland became the first country in the world to enforce a minimum unit pricing (MUP) of 50 pence ($0.65; €0.55) on alcoholic beverages as a measure to control alcohol consumption and alcohol‐related harms. This study presents early estimates of the impact of MUP on three outcomes: average price per unit (8 gr/10 ml) of alcohol, liters of alcohol sold per adult, and liters of alcohol sold per adult drinker, in three different settings: off‐premise, on‐premise, and both combined. Using yearly alcohol price and sales data from 2011 to 2019, I find that the average price per unit of alcohol has significantly risen post‐MUP across all beverage categories (beer, spirits, wine, cider, and alcohol‐all types), whereas liters of alcohol sold per adult and per adult drinker have significantly reduced for beer, spirits, cider, and alcohol‐all types. For all outcomes, the impact of MUP on off‐premise alcohol prices and sales is more pronounced than under the combined case, while no significant effects are found on‐premise. These results are robust to model specification and to the addition of various control variables. Falsification tests changing the timing of the policy were performed and no significant results were found.
Untreated head and neck cancer: Natural history and associated factors
Authors: Zolkind Paul , Lee Jake J. , Jackson Ryan S. , Pipkorn Patrik , Massa Sean T. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundThis study aims to provide modern estimates of survival for untreated head and neck cancer (HNC) and to identify patient‐ and tumor‐specific factors associated with not receiving definitive treatment.MethodsAdults with mucosal HNC were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Median overall survival of untreated patients was calculated and stratified by site and stage. Cause‐specific survival and factors associated with no treatment were investigated with advanced statistics.ResultsThe study cohort included 6477 patients who received no treatment. Overall, untreated patients had a median survival of 12 months, with significant variability by site and stage. Multivariable analysis identified advanced age, black race, unmarried status, and lack of private insurance as associated with no treatment.ConclusionsSurvival of HNC without treatment is dismal, yet substantial variation exists by tumor site and stage. Higher rates of no treatment among the poor and racial minorities are potentially driven by disparities in care availability and provision.
National trends in oropharyngeal cancer incidence and survival within the Veterans Affairs Health Care System
Authors: Zevallos Jose P. , Kramer Jennifer R. , Sandulache Vlad C. , Massa Sean T. , Hartman Christine M. , Mazul Angela L. , Wahle Benjamin M. , Gerndt Sophie P. , Sturgis Erich M. , Chiao Elizabeth Y. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundOropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) epidemiology has not been examined previously in the nationwide Veterans Affairs (VA) population.MethodsJoinpoint regression analysis was applied to OPSCC cases identified from VA administrative data from 2000 to 2012.ResultsWe identified 12 125 OPSCC cases (incidence: 12.2 of 100 000 persons). OPSCC incidence declined between 2000 and 2006 (annual percent change [APC] = −4.27, P < .05), then increased between 2006 and 2012 (APC = 7.02, P < .05). Significant incidence increases occurred among white (APC = 7.19, P < .05) and African American (APC = 4.87, P < .05) Veterans and across all age cohorts. The percentage of never‐smokers increased from 8% in 2000 to 15.7% in 2012 (P < .001), and 2‐year overall survival improved from 31.2% (95% confidence interval (CI) [30‐33.4]) to 55.7% (95% CI [54.4‐57.1]).ConclusionsOPSCC incidence is increasing across all racial and age cohorts in the VA population. Smoking rates remain high among Veterans with OPSCC and gains in survival lag those reported in the general population.
Promoterless, Nuclease‐Free Genome Editing Confers a Growth Advantage for Corrected Hepatocytes in Mice With Methylmalonic Acidemia
Authors: Chandler Randy J. , Venturoni Leah E. , Liao Jing , Hubbard Brandon T. , Schneller Jessica L. , Hoffmann Victoria , Gordo Susana , Zang Shengwen , Ko Chih‐Wei , Chau Nelson , Chiang Kyle , Kay Mark A. , Barzel Adi , Venditti Charles P. 
Published: September 2020

Background and Aims
Adeno‐associated viral (AAV) gene therapy has shown great promise as an alternative treatment for metabolic disorders managed using liver transplantation, but remains limited by transgene loss and genotoxicity. Our study aims to test an AAV vector with a promoterless integrating cassette, designed to provide sustained hepatic transgene expression and reduced toxicity in comparison to canonical AAV therapy.

Approach and Results
Our AAV vector was designed to insert a methylmalonyl‐CoA mutase (MMUT) transgene into the 3′ end of the albumin locus and tested in mouse models of methylmalonic acidemia (MMA). After neonatal delivery, we longitudinally evaluated hepatic transgene expression, plasma levels of methylmalonate, and the MMA biomarker, fibroblast growth factor 21 (Fgf21), as well as integration of MMUT in the albumin locus. At necropsy, we surveyed for AAV‐related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in all treated MMA mice and control littermates. AAV‐mediated genome editing of MMUT into the albumin locus resulted in permanent hepatic correction in MMA mouse models, which was accompanied by decreased levels of methylmalonate and Fgf21, and improved survival without HCC. With time, levels of transgene expression increased and methylmalonate progressively decreased, whereas the number of albumin‐MMUT integrations and corrected hepatocytes in MMA mice increased, but not in similarly treated wild‐type animals. Additionally, expression of MMUT in the setting of MMA conferred a selective growth advantage upon edited cells, which potentiates the therapeutic response.

Conclusions
In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that AAV‐mediated, promoterless, nuclease‐free genome editing at the albumin locus provides safe and durable therapeutic benefit in neonatally treated MMA mice.
Early Cholangiocarcinoma Detection With Magnetic Resonance Imaging Versus Ultrasound in Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis
Authors: Eaton John E. , Welle Christopher L. , Bakhshi Zeinab , Sheedy Shannon P. , Idilman Ilkay S. , Gores Gregory J. , Rosen Charles B. , Heimbach Julie K. , Taner Timucin , Harnois Denise M. , Lindor Keith D. , LaRusso Nicholas F. , Gossard Andrea A. , Lazaridis Konstantinos N. , Venkatesh Sudhakar K. 
Published: September 2020

Background and Aims
Early detection of perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) among patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is important to identify more people eligible for curative therapy. While many recommend CCA screening, there are divergent opinions and limited data regarding the use of ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for early CCA detection, and it is unknown whether there is benefit in testing asymptomatic individuals. Our aims were to assess the diagnostic performances and prognostic implications of ultrasound and MRI‐based CCA detection.

Approach and Results
This is a multicenter review of 266 adults with PSC (CCA, n = 120) who underwent both an ultrasound and MRI within 3 months. Images were re‐examined by radiologists who were blinded to the clinical information. Respectively, MRI had a higher area under the curve compared with ultrasound for CCA detection: 0.87 versus 0.70 for the entire cohort; 0.81 versus 0.59 for asymptomatic individuals; and 0.88 versus 0.71 for those listed for CCA transplant protocol. The absence of symptoms at CCA diagnosis was associated with improved 5‐year outcomes including overall survival (82% vs. 46%, log‐rank P < 0.01) and recurrence‐free survival following liver transplant (89% vs. 65%, log‐rank P = 0.04). Among those with asymptomatic CCA, MRI detection (compared with ultrasound) was associated with reduction in both mortality (hazard ratio, 0.10; 95% confidence interval, 0.01‐0.96) and CCA progression after transplant listing (hazard ratio, 0.10; 95% confidence interval, 0.01‐0.90). These benefits continued among patients who had annual monitoring and PSC for more than 1 year before CCA was diagnosed.

Conclusions
MRI is superior to ultrasound for the detection of early‐stage CCA in patients with PSC. Identification of CCA before the onset of symptoms with MRI is associated with improved outcomes.
Investigation into waiting time, self‐service technology, and customer loyalty: The mediating role of waiting time in satisfaction
Authors: Ayodeji Yusuf , Rjoub Husam 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis study examines customer satisfaction with waiting time (WT) and customer loyalty (CL) relationships in the airline industry. The mediating influence of waiting time satisfaction (WTS) in the self‐service technology (SST) and CL relationship was also examined. Seven hundred fifty structured questionnaires were administered at Sabiha Gökçen, and Instabul international airports in Turkey and partial least square–structural equation modeling were employed for the model analysis. The findings reveal that SST, perceived, retrospective, and prospective WTs are major determinants of WTS. Furthermore, SST and WTS were found to have a linear and significant positive influence on CL. Therefore, this study suggests that the airport management should identify the causes of WT, make the waiting environment conducive for the customers, make the WT inconsequential to the customers, and enhance their loyalty to the airport.