bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mean Diffusivity in Striatum Correlates With Acute Neuronal Death but Not Lesser Neuronal Injury in a Pilot Study of Neonatal Piglets With Encephalopathy
Authors: Lee Jennifer K. , Liu Dapeng , Raven Erika P. , Jiang Dengrong , Liu Peiying , Qin Qin , Kulikowicz Ewa , Santos Polan T. , Adams Shawn , Zhang Jiangyang , Koehler Raymond C. , Martin Lee J. , Tekes Aylin 
Published: May 2020

BackgroundDiffusion MRI is routinely used to evaluate brain injury in neonatal encephalopathy. Although abnormal mean diffusivity (MD) is often attributed to cytotoxic edema, the specific contribution from neuronal pathology is unclear.PurposeTo determine whether MD from high‐resolution diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) can detect variable degrees of neuronal degeneration and pathology in piglets with brain injury induced by excitotoxicity or global hypoxia‐ischemia (HI) with or without overt infarction.Study TypeProspective.Animal ModelExcitotoxic brain injury was induced in six neonatal piglets by intrastriatal stereotaxic injection of the glutamate receptor agonist quinolinic acid (QA). Three piglets underwent global HI or a sham procedure. Piglets recovered for 20–96 hours before undergoing MRI (n = 9).Field Strength/Sequence3.0T MRI with DTI, T1‐ and T2‐weighted imaging.AssessmentMD, fractional anisotropy (FA), and qualitative T2 injury were assessed in the putamen and caudate. The cell bodies of normal neurons, degenerating neurons (excitotoxic necrosis, ischemic necrosis, or necrosis–apoptosis cell death continuum), and injured neurons with equivocal degeneration were counted by histopathology.Statistical TestsSpearman correlations were used to compare MD and FA to normal, degenerating, and injured neurons. T2 injury and neuron counts were evaluated by descriptive analysis.ResultsThe QA insult generated titratable levels of neuronal pathology. In QA, HI, and sham piglets, lower MD correlated with higher ratios of degenerating‐to‐total neurons (P < 0.05), lower ratios of normal‐to‐total neurons (P < 0.05), and greater numbers of degenerating neurons (P < 0.05). MD did not correlate with abnormal neurons exhibiting nascent injury (P > 0.99). Neuron counts were not related to FA (P > 0.30) or to qualitative injury from T2‐weighted MRI.Data ConclusionMD is more accurate than FA for detecting neuronal degeneration and loss during acute recovery from neonatal excitotoxic and HI brain injury. MD does not reliably detect nonfulminant, nascent, and potentially reversible neuronal injury.Evidence Level1Technical EfficacyStage 2 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;52:1216–1226.
Long‐Term Outcomes With Teduglutide From a Single Center
Authors: Puello Frances , Wall Elizabeth , Herlitz Jean , Lozano Edward S. , Semrad Carol , Micic Dejan 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to quantify the long‐term clinical outcomes for individuals receiving teduglutide for short‐bowel syndrome (SBS).MethodsA single‐center, retrospective study was performed for individuals commencing use of teduglutide between March 2013 and May 2019.ResultsEighteen patients were included in the final analysis, among which the median duration of teduglutide administration was 3.2 (range, 0.6–6.2) years. Twelve of 16 (75%) patients at 12 months, 10 of 13 (76.9%) at 24 months, 7 of 10 (70%) at 36 months, and 3 of 3 (100%) at 60 months had a response to teduglutide therapy, defined as a >20% reduction in parenteral support (PS) requirement. Among responders at 12, 24, and 36 months, the presence of a colon‐in‐continuity, an ileocecal valve, a response at 3 months, the length of small bowel, nor the baseline volume affected response to therapy (P > .05 for all comparisons). Five (28%) patients were able to achieve freedom from PS, among which all had a history of Crohn's disease with loss of the ileocecal valve and among which 3 had a colon‐in‐continuity. Four of the 5 patients discontinued PS by 6 months of teduglutide therapy.ConclusionsIn a real‐world experience, teduglutide therapy results in rapid and sustained reductions in PS. Larger postmarketing studies will be required to reliably predict response to treatment and the factors associated with enteral autonomy.
Inhibition of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 attenuates 2,4,6‐trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid‐induced colitis via repressing toll‐like receptor 4/nuclear factor‐kappa B
Authors: Lei Lei , Li Xu , Yuan You‐Jun , Chen Zhi‐Li , He Jian‐Hua , Wu Jian‐Hua , Cai Xiao‐Sheng 
Published: May 2020

AbstractInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by recurring inflammatory disorders in digestive system, and devoid of effective treatment. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), stimulated via inflammation whose inhibition could decrease secretion of inflammatory factors. We then determined whether inhibition of PCSK9 could improve the inflammation. First, rats model of colitis was first established via administration of 2,4,6‐trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS), and then verified via determination of body weight loss, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, and histopathological analysis of colonic damage. Results showed that treatment with TNBS induced a great body weight loss, MPO activity increase, and serious colonic damage, showing an obviously character of IBD. PCSK9 was elevated in TNBS‐induced rats, and PCSK9 inhibition delivered by adenovirus vector increased the body weight, decreased MPO activity, and ameliorated histological change of colon. Second, the protective effect of PCSK9 inhibition against TNBS‐induced colitis was accompanied by decrease of proinflammatory factors secretion, including tumor necrosis factor‐α, interleukin‐1β, interleukin‐6, intercellular adhesion molecule 1, and monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1. TNBS could activate toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor‐kappa B (NF‐κB) signaling pathway, while PCSK9 inhibition suppressed activation of TLR4/NF‐κB in TNBS‐induced rats. In conclusion, PCSK9 inhibition attenuated TNBS‐induced rat colitis through anti‐inflammatory effect under inactivation of TLR4/NF‐κB, suggesting potential therapeutic strategy in IBD.
LncRNA MALAT1 promoted high glucose‐induced pyroptosis of renal tubular epithelial cell by sponging miR‐30c targeting for NLRP3
Authors: Liu Chan , Zhuo Hui , Ye Mu‐Yao , Huang Gu‐Xiang , Fan Min , Huang Xian‐Zhe 
Published: May 2020

AbstractDiabetic nephropathy (DN), characterized by the chronic loss of kidney function during diabetes, is a long‐term kidney disease that affects millions of populations. However, the etiology of DN remains unclear. DN cell model was established by treating HK‐2 cells with high glucose (HG) in vitro. Expression of metastasis‐associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript‐1 (MALAT1), miR‐30c, nucleotide binding and oligomerization domain‐like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), caspase‐1, IL‐1β, and IL‐18 in treated HK‐2 cells were tested by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. HK‐2 cell pyroptosis was assessed using flow cytometry analysis. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity was examined with a LDH assay kit. Correlation among MALAT1, miR‐30c, and NLRP3 was examined via dual‐luciferase reporter assay. Here, we revealed that MALAT1 was upregulated, but miR‐30c was downregulated in HG‐treated HK‐2 cells, leading to upregulation of NLRP3 expression and cell pyroptosis. Knockdown of MALAT1 or overexpression of miR‐30c protected HK‐2 cells from HG‐induced pyroptosis. Meanwhile, we found that MALAT1 promoted NLRP3 expression by sponging miR‐30c through dual‐luciferase reporter assay. Moreover, the co‐transfection of sh‐MALAT1 and miR‐30c inhibitor could reverse the protective effects of the sh‐MALAT1 on the HG‐induced pyroptosis. These results confirmed that MALAT1 regulated HK‐2 cell pyroptosis by inhibiting miR‐30c targeting for NLRP3, contributing to a better understanding of DN pathogenesis and help to find out the effective treatment for DN.
Role of class I histone deacetylases in the regulation of maspin expression in prostate cancer
Authors: Shankar Eswar , Pandey Mitali , Verma Shiv , Abbas Ata , Candamo Mario , Kanwal Rajnee , Shukla Sanjeev , MacLennan Gregory T. , Gupta Sanjay 
Published: May 2020

AbstractMaspin repression is frequently observed in prostate cancer; however, the molecular mechanism(s) causing the loss is not completely understood. Here, we demonstrate that inhibition of class I histone deacetylases (HDACs) mediates re‐expression of maspin which plays an essential role in suppressing proliferation and migration capability in prostate cancer cells. Human prostate cancer LNCaP and DU145 cells treated with HDAC inhibitors, sodium butyrate, and trichostatin A, resulted in maspin re‐expression. Interestingly, an exploration into the molecular mechanisms demonstrates that maspin repression in prostate tumor and human prostate cancer cell lines occurs via epigenetic silencing through an increase in HDAC activity/expression, independent of promoter DNA hypermethylation. Furthermore, transcriptional activation of maspin was accompanied with the suppression of HDAC1 and HDAC8 with significant p53 enrichment at the maspin promoter associated with an increase in histone H3/H4 acetylation. Our results provide evidence of maspin induction as a critical epigenetic event altered by class I HDACs in the restoration of balance to delay proliferation and migration ability of prostate cancer cells.
Two‐dimensional UTE overview imaging for dental application
Authors: Stumpf Kilian , Kaye Elena , Paul Jan , Wundrak Stefan , Pauly John M. , Rasche Volker 
Published: May 2020

PurposeTo investigate the applicability of a 2D‐UTE half‐pulse sequence for dental overview imaging and the detection of signal from mineralized dental tissue and caries lesions with ultra‐short
as an efficient alternative to 3D sequences.MethodsA modified 2D‐UTE sequence using 240‐µs half‐pulses for excitation and a reduction of the coil tune delay from the manufacturer preset value allowed for the acquisition of in vivo dental images with a TE of 35 µs at 1.5T. The common occurrence of out‐of‐slice signal for half‐pulse sequences was avoided by applying a quadratic‐phase saturation pulse before each half‐RF excitation. A conventional 2D‐UTE sequence with a TE of 750 µs, using slice selection rephasing, was used for comparison.ResultsQuadratic phase saturation pulses adequately improve the slice profile of half‐pulse excitations for dental imaging with a surface coil. In vivo images and SNR measurements show a distinct increase in signal in ultrashort
tissues for the proposed 2D‐UTE half‐pulse sequence compared with a 2D‐UTE sequence using conventional slice selection, leading to an improved detection of caries lesions.ConclusionThe proposed pulse sequence enables the acquisition of in vivo images of a comprehensive overview of bone structures and teeth of a single side of the upper and lower jaw and signal detection from mineralized dental tissues in clinically acceptable scan times.
Dual‐Templating Approaches to Soybeans Milk‐Derived Hierarchically Porous Heteroatom‐Doped Carbon Materials for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Yan Peng , Ye Huaibo , Han Yang , Wang Jingjing , Zheng Fenfen , Xiong Weiwei , Yang Hongxun , Zhang Junhao , Yuan Aihua , Wu Xingcai 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBiomass derived carbon materials are widely available, cheap and abundant resources. The application of these materials as electrodes for rechargeable batteries shows great promise. To further explore their applications in energy storage fields, the structural design of these materials has been investigated. Hierarchical porous heteroatom‐doped carbon materials (HPHCs) with open three‐dimensional (3D) nanostructure have been considered as highly efficient energy storage materials. In this work, biomass soybean milk is chosen as the precursor to construct N, O co‐doped interconnected 3D porous carbon framework via two approaches by using soluble salts (NaCl/Na2CO3and ZnCl2/Mg5(OH)2(CO3)4, respectively) as hard templates. The electrochemical results reveal that these structures were able to provide a stable cycling performance (710 mAh ⋅ g−1at 0.1 A ⋅ g−1after 300 cycles for HPHC‐a, and 610 mAh ⋅ g−1at 0.1 A ⋅ g−1after 200 cycles for HPHC‐b) in Li‐ion battery and Na‐ion storage (210 mAh ⋅ g−1at 0.1 A ⋅ g−1after 900 cycles for HPHC‐a) as anodes materials, respectively. Further comparative studies showed that these improvements in HPHC‐a performance were mainly due to the honeycomb‐like structure containing graphene‐like nanosheets and high nitrogen content in the porous structures. This work provides new approaches for the preparation of hierarchically structured heteroatom‐doped carbon materials by pyrolysis of other biomass precursors and promotes the applications of carbon materials in energy storage fields.
Efficacy of surgery combined with postoperative 125I interstitial brachytherapy for treatment of acinic cell carcinoma of the parotid gland in children and adolescents
Authors: Li Jing , Zhang Jie , Lyu Xiao‐Ming , Huang Ming‐Wei , Zheng Lei , Zhang Jian‐Guo 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundAcinic cell carcinoma (AciCC) is rare in children; therefore, reaching a consensus on its management is challenging and radiotherapy is limited by concerns about long‐term toxicity. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effectiveness and safety of surgery plus postoperative 125I interstitial brachytherapy (IBT) for children and adolescents with AciCC of the parotid gland (PG) treated at a single institution.ProcedureSixteen patients ≤ 18 years old with AciCC of the PG treated with surgery plus 125I IBT from 2007 to 2018 were included. Surgery was the primary treatment; ten patients underwent total gross excision and six subtotal gross excision. The matched peripheral dose was 60‐120 Gy. Overall survival, disease‐free survival (DFS), local control rate, distant metastasis, and radiation‐associated toxicities were analyzed, and factors influencing outcomes were evaluated.ResultsDuring follow‐up (1.8‐12.6 years; mean, 6.3 years), lymph node metastasis was observed in one case, 2.6 years after 125I IBT treatment. The five‐year overall and DFS rates were 100% and 91.7%, respectively. On univariate analysis, tumor size ≥ 3 cm (100% vs 50%; P = 0.025) and extraglandular extension (100% vs 50%; P = 0.025) were significant prognostic indicators for DFS. No severe radiation‐associated complications occurred.ConclusionsChildren and adolescents with AciCC of the PG with high‐risk features can be managed using surgery plus postoperative 125I IBT with excellent local control. Radiation‐related complications were minor. Patients with facial nerve involvement can have their facial nerves preserved. Residual tumors can be safely managed using adjuvant 125I IBT.
Linking process indicators and clinical/safety outcomes to assess the effectiveness of abatacept (ORENCIA) patient alert cards in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Artime Esther , Kahlon Randip , Méndez Ignacio , Kou Tzuyung , Garrido‐Estepa Macarena , Qizilbash Nawab 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPurposePatient alert cards (PACs) for abatacept (ORENCIA) inform patients and healthcare professionals (HCPs) about the risk of infections and allergic reactions. The study evaluates the effectiveness of the PACs in rheumatoid arthritis patients and HCPs, using process indicators (awareness, receipt, utility, knowledge, behaviour) and outcomes.MethodsSurveys of patients and HCPs in five European countries. A retrospective chart review permitted linking clinical and safety outcomes with survey responses.ResultsData on 190 patients and 79 HCPs (50 physicians and 29 nurses) were analysed. Sixty percent of patients were aware of the PAC, of whom 95% had received it. Knowledge of risk of infection was higher among patients who had received the PAC vs those who had not (64% vs 46%; P = .013). Infections leading to hospitalisation increased with decreasing patient survey global scores: scores of ≥67%, 34%‐67% and ≤ 33% were associated with hospitalisation rates of 2.5%, 5.2% and 8.4%, respectively (P = .4). Among HCPs 90% were aware and 68% had accessed the PAC. More nurses than physicians were aware (93% vs 88%), had accessed (78% vs 74%), read (90% vs 59%), distributed (81% vs 66%) and explained the content (94% vs 43%) of the PAC. Knowledge of risk of infection was higher among HCPs who had (91%) vs those who had not (73%) accessed the PAC (P = .053).ConclusionsPACs were effective in improving knowledge of key safety messages in patients and HCPs. This novel study design bridges the gap of linking process indicators with outcomes in the same patients, thereby strengthening the clinical relevance of patient surveys.
Simulation of performance differences between offshore and land‐based photovoltaic systems
Authors: Golroodbari S. Zahra , van Sark Wilfried 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to model, simulate, and compare the performance of a photovoltaics system on land and at sea. To be able to have a fair comparison the effect of sea waves, wind speed and relative humidity are considered in this model. The sea waves are modeled in the frequency domain, using a wave spectrum. The irradiation on a tilted surface for a floating system is calculated considering the tilt angle that is affected by the sea waves. Moreover, the temperature is estimated based on heat transfer theory and the natural cooling system for both floating and land‐based photovoltaic systems. Actual measured weather data from two different locations, one located at Utrecht University campus and the other one on the North Sea, are used to simulate the systems, thus making the comparison possible. Energy yield is calculated for these weather conditions. The results show that the relative annual average output energy is about 12.96% higher at sea compared with land. However, in some months, this relative output energy increases up to 18% higher energy yield at sea.
Framework for planning the delivery of psychosocial oncology services: An American psychosocial oncology society task force report
Authors: Pirl William F. , Greer Joseph A. , Gregorio Sharla Wells‐Di , Deshields Teresa , Irwin Scott , Fasciano Karen , Wiener Lori , Courtnage Tiffany , Padgett Lynne S. , Fann Jesse R. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractObjectiveWhile screening for psychosocial distress is now the standard of care in oncology, little guidance is available on how best to deliver services in response to identified needs. The American Psychosocial Oncology Society (APOS) convened a task force with the goal of creating a framework that could aid in planning services and justifying requests for resources.MethodsTen experts from multiple disciplines within psychosocial oncology served on the task force, first meeting together as a larger group over 2 days to set an agenda and then subsequently working in smaller teams to execute the goals. The task force used consensus methods for developing recommendations.ResultsThree principles were identified for the framework. First, psychosocial oncology is a key component of population health, and population‐based approaches to care delivery are required. Second, several key parameters shape psychosocial oncology services: resources, aims, and scope. To guide resource allocation, example priorities were identified for the aims and scope of services. Finally, cancer care centers should strive to ensure the delivery of high‐quality psychosocial oncology care across all components of care. A range of practices was ranked by their potential contributions to achieving that goal.ConclusionsThis framework may aid in planning, evaluating, and refining the delivery of responsive psychosocial oncology services.
Non‐Isothermal Curing Kinetics of Alkali‐Treated Alfa Fibers/Polybenzoxazine Composites Using Differential Scanning Calorimetry
Authors: Bessa Wissam , Trache Djalal , Derradji Mehdi , Tarchoun Ahmed F. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe exploration of curing process of benzoxazine resins, which possess outstanding features, is crucial for practical and advanced applications. In this study, bisphenol A‐aniline based benzoxazine (BA‐a) composites reinforced with alkali treated alfa fibers (TAF) were prepared. The influence of different loadings of the TAF on the curing kinetics of BA‐a was investigated using non‐isothermal differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) at different heating rates. Isoconversional integral methods or model free kinetics, namely, the iterative Kissinger‐Akahira‐Sunose (it‐KAS), iterative Flynn‐Wall‐Ozawa (it‐FWO), Sbirrazzuoli methodology (VYA/CE) and Trache‐Abdelaziz‐Siwani (TAS) methods have been applied to the experimental data in order to evaluate the curing kinetic parameters. The study revealed that the presence of TAF improved the crosslinking reaction of benzoxazine and reduced the activation energy. The pre‐exponential factor exhibited the same trend as the activation energy. The reaction model, examined for all composites, showed that all systems were accurately presented by an autocatalytic reaction model. The Avrami‐Erofeev model was the most appropriate for describing the cure kinetics and revealed a good agreement with experimental data.
Synthesis and Anti‐Proliferative Activity of a Triazole‐Fused Thymidine Analogue
Authors: Rahman Atikur , Sharma Priyanka , Kaur Navneet , Shanavas Asifkhan , Neelakandan Prakash P. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractHere we report the synthesis of two‐an acyclic and a macrocyclic‐analogues of thymidine linked to a triazole moiety. The new molecules were synthesized through an intramolecular 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition reaction of the diazido derivative of thymidine with a suitable alkyne. The acyclic nucleoside showed dose dependent cytotoxicity against glioblastoma and breast cancer cells by causing significant cellular damage as studied with confocal laser scanning microscopy. In silico induced fit molecular docking studies showed poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) as a potential target of the acyclic nucleoside. On the other hand, both the analogues showed no toxicity against normal fibroblast cells.
Highly‐Transparent and True‐Colored Semitransparent Indoor Photovoltaic Cells
Authors: Yin Hang , Ho Johnny Ka Wai , Piradi Venkatesh , Chen Song , Zhu Xunjin , So Shu Kong 
Published: May 2020

AbstractOrganic photovoltaic (OPV) cells are promising indoor light energy harvesters because organic materials absorb strongly in the visible range. An indoor photovoltaic (IPV) device is an effective tool for the remote off‐grid wireless charging. However, as the indoor light fluxes are much weaker than the 1‐Sun condition, high‐performance indoor cells should have large areas in order to generate appreciable energies. They would then appear as flat, but expansive and dark objects if deployed indoors. Their presence would then alter the indoor lighting environment and affect visual perceptions. This work addresses the lighting and perception issues of IPV cells in three ways. i) A concept is proposed such that a high‐efficiency, semitransparent indoor OPV cell should possess an absorbance which is mismatched with the emission spectra of the light sources. ii) It is demonstrated that bulk heterojunction (BHJ) OPV solar cells with porphyrin donors can serve as high‐transparency and high‐efficiency indoor light harvesters. iii) Quantitative assessment criteria are presented for the transparency and chromaticity of an indoor semitransparent OPV cell, demonstrating that porphyrin‐based P2:PC71BM semitransparent BHJ cells can achieve a power conversion efficiency (PCE) exceeding 10%, and an illuminance transparency ~65%, while preserving the color perception of the light sources.