bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Purification and Characterization of Mannanase from Aspergillus awamori for Fruit Juice Clarification
Authors: Ikram ul Haq  , Shakoor Sheeba , Nawaz Ali , Arshad Yesra , Mukhtar Hamid 
Published: September 2020

Background:
Fruit juice clarification is a challenging aspect of beverage industry which
needs to be addressed for economical and hygienic production of fruit juices.

Objective:
Current study is focused on the complete purification, characterization and thermodynamic
analysis of an efficient mannanase enzyme to analyze its applicability in biological clarification
fruit juice.

Methods:
Mannanase production using Aspergillus awamori IIB037 in a 25 L stirred fermenter at
pre optimized reaction conditions was carried out. Enzyme purification was carried out via series
of steps. Characterization of enzyme along with kinetics and thermodynamic studies was conducted.
Purified and characterized enzyme was assessed for its applicability in fruit juice clarification
through clarification experiments on fresh apple juice.

Results:
Purification fold of 3.98 was obtained along with 86.80% purification yield of mannanase
with specific activity of 158.16 U/mg. The molecular size of purified enzyme was determined as
66 kDa. The enzyme depicted 56% residual activity at 60°C after 8 hrs. Thermodynamic studies of
an enzyme revealed enthalpy of activation (ΔH) and activation energy (Ea) as 30.53KJ/mol,
27.76KJ/mol, respectively. The enzyme activity increased in the presence of ß-mercaptoethanol surprisingly.
On the other hand, methyl alcohol, ethanol, Hg2+ and Cu2+ inhibited enzyme activity. The
enzyme showed Km and Vmax values of 11.07 mM and 19.08 μM min-1 for Locust Bean Gum (LBG)
under optimal conditions. Juice treated with mannanase showed decrease in absorbance and increase
in reducing sugar content.

Conclusion:
The current study demonstrated that mannanase from Aspergillus awamori in its purified
form has significant characteristics to be employed industrially for juice clarification.
Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and QPLD Studies of Piperazine Derivatives as Potential DPP-IV Inhibitors
Authors: Khalaf Reema Abu , Jarad Haya Abu , Al-Qirim Tariq , Sabbah Dima 
Published: September 2020

Background:
Diabetes mellitus is a serious global health issue, currently affecting 425
million people and is set to affect over 690 million people by 2045. It is a chronic disease characterized
by hyperglycemia due to relative or absolute insulin hormone deficiency. Dipeptidyl peptidase-
IV (DPP-IV) inhibitors are hypoglycemic agents augmenting the action of the incretin hormones that
stimulate insulin secretion from the pancreatic beta cells.

Objectives:
In this study, synthesis and biological evaluation of seven piperazine derivatives 3a-g was
carried out.

Methods:
The synthesized molecules were characterized using proton-nuclear magnetic resonance,
carbon-nuclear magnetic resonance, infrared spectroscopy and mass spectrometry.

Results:
In vitro biological evaluation study showed comparable DPP-IV inhibitory activity for the
targeted compounds ranging from 19%-30% at 100 μM concentration. Furthermore, the in vivo hypoglycemic
activity of 3d was evaluated using streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. It was found
that compound 3d significantly decreased the blood glucose level when the diabetic group treated
with 3d was compared to the control diabetic group. Quantum–Polarized Ligand Docking (QPLD)
studies demonstrate that 3a-g fit the binding site of DPP-IV enzyme and form H-bonding with the
backbones of R125, E205, E206, K554, W629, Y631, Y662, R669, and Y752.

Conclusion:
Piperazine derivatives were successfully found to be new scaffolds as potential DPP-IV
inhibitors.
Platelet Count Improvement after Chronic Hepatitis C Treatment among Cirrhotic Patients Who Achieved Sustained Virological Response: Realworld Results from 2186 Patients in Egypt
Authors: Badawi Rehab , Soliman Shaimaa , Aboali Lobna , Elkadeem Mahmoud , Elfert Asem , Elguindy Ayman M.A. , Ullah Mohammad Safi , Abd-Elsalam Sherief 
Published: September 2020

Background &Aims
This study aimed to assess the changes in platelet counts of patients
with liver cirrhosis due to chronic HCV, who achieved sustained virological response (SVR)
after taking direct acting antivirals (DAAs) in a large cohort study in Egypt.

Methods:
This multicenter observational retrospective study was carried out on 2500 chronic hepatitis
C virus (HCV) infected patients who achieved (SVR) after treatment with direct acting antiviral
drugs (DAA). HCV infection was confirmed by positive PCR for HCV RNA infection. SVR
was defined as a negative PCR test for HCV-RNA 12 weeks after completion of DAA therapy.
Platelets count was measured before therapy, during therapy, at the end of treatment, and 12 weeks
after the end of the treatment.

Results:
There were 2186 patients enrolled in the study; 1866 (85.4%) were treatment naïve. There
were 1006 (46%) males and 1180 (54%) females. Mean age was 50.82± 11.66 years, 2142 (98%.0)
patients achieved SVR, 2118 (96.9%) patients had Child -Pugh class A cirrhosis, and 68 (3.1%)
had Child -Pugh class B liver cirrhosis. A significant increase in the platelets count was detected at
the end of treatment in comparison to the pretreatment levels (P<0.001), and after achieving SVR
(P<0.001) when compared to the pretreatment values.

Conclusion:
Improvement of platelets count occurs after HCV therapy with DAAS in patients with
liver cirrhosis. These results suggested that HCV eradication may have a role in the improvement
of platelet count.
An Overview of Heteroatoms-doped Carbon Nanomaterials for Advanced Energy Storage and Conversion Systems
Authors: Chen Liang , Zeng Zhenghao , Fu Wenbin , Hu Wenqiang , Xu Chenxi , Zhang Jiawei 
Published: September 2020

:
In recent decades, carbon nanomaterials have attracted a lot of attention in the field of energy
storage and conversion due to their exceptional mechanical, electrical and chemical properties.
Nevertheless, pristine carbon nanomaterials possess inert surface and uncontrollable band gap, greatly
restricting their application. Doping heteroatoms into carbon skeleton has been verified as a valid
strategy to adjust the electronic structure and physicochemical properties of carbon nanomaterials, which
opens a new avenue to improve the electrochemical performance of carbon nanomaterials. Herein, we
first give a simple description of carbon nanomaterials and the necessity of doping heteroatoms. Then we
discuss and analyze the doping types and doping methods of heteroatoms-doped carbon nanomaterials.
Afterwards, the specific electrochemical applications of heteroatoms-doped carbon nanomaterials are
systematically introduced from the perspective of fuel cells, lithium-ion batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries
and supercapacitor. Eventually, the possible challenges in the near future for the synthesis of
heteroatoms-doped carbon nanomaterials and their related electrochemical application in the field of
energy storage and conversion are summarized.
Multilingual Global E-Learning Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes Curriculum for Front Line Health Care Providers in Resource-Limited Countries: Development Study
Authors: Kalaitzoglou Evangelia , Majaliwa Edna , Zacharin Margaret , de Beaufort Carine , Chanoine Jean-Pierre , van Wijngaard-DeVugt Conny , Sperla Ervin , Boot Annemieke M , Drop Stenvert L S 
Published: September 2020

Background
Electronic learning (e-learning) is a widely accessible, low-cost option for learning remotely in various settings that allows interaction between an instructor and a learner.

Objective
We describe the development of a free and globally accessible multilingual e-learning module that provides education material on topics in pediatric endocrinology and diabetes and that is intended for first-line physicians and health workers but also trainees or medical specialists in resource-limited countries.

Methods
As complements to concise chapters, interactive vignettes were constructed, exemplifying clinical issues and pitfalls, with specific attention to the 3 levels of medical health care in resource-limited countries. The module is part of a large e-learning portal, ESPE e-learning, which is based on ILIAS (Integriertes Lern-, Informations- und Arbeitskooperations-System), an open-source web-based learning management system. Following a review by global experts, the content was translated by native French, Spanish, Swahili, and Chinese–speaking colleagues into their respective languages using a commercial web-based translation tool (SDL Trados Studio).

Results
Preliminary data suggest that the module is well received, particularly in targeted parts of the world and that active promotion to inform target users is warranted.

Conclusions
The e-learning module is a free globally accessible multilingual up-to-date tool for use in resource-limited countries that has been utilized thus far with success. Widespread use will require dissemination of the tool on a global scale.
Intersection of the Web-Based Vaping Narrative With COVID-19: Topic Modeling Study
Authors: Janmohamed Kamila , Soale Abdul-Nasah , Forastiere Laura , Tang Weiming , Sha Yongjie , Demant Jakob , Airoldi Edoardo , Kumar Navin 
Published: September 2020

Background
The COVID-19 outbreak was designated a global pandemic on March 11, 2020. The relationship between vaping and contracting COVID-19 is unclear, and information on the internet is conflicting. There is some scientific evidence that vaping cannabidiol (CBD), an active ingredient in cannabis that is obtained from the hemp plant, or other substances is associated with more severe manifestations of COVID-19. However, there is also inaccurate information that vaping can aid COVID-19 treatment, as well as expert opinion that CBD, possibly administered through vaping, can mitigate COVID-19 symptoms. Thus, it is necessary to study the spread of inaccurate information to better understand how to promote scientific knowledge and curb inaccurate information, which is critical to the health of vapers. Inaccurate information about vaping and COVID-19 may affect COVID-19 treatment outcomes.

Objective
Using structural topic modeling, we aimed to map temporal trends in the web-based vaping narrative (a large data set comprising web-based vaping chatter from several sources) to indicate how the narrative changed from before to during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
We obtained data using a textual query that scanned a data pool of approximately 200,000 different domains (4,027,172 documents and 361,100,284 words) such as public internet forums, blogs, and social media, from August 1, 2019, to April 21, 2020. We then used structural topic modeling to understand changes in word prevalence and semantic structures within topics around vaping before and after December 31, 2019, when COVID-19 was reported to the World Health Organization.

Results
Broadly, the web-based vaping narrative can be organized into the following groups or archetypes: harms from vaping; Vaping Regulation; Vaping as Harm Reduction or Treatment; and Vaping Lifestyle. Three archetypes were observed prior to the emergence of COVID-19; however, four archetypes were identified post–COVID-19 (Vaping as Harm Reduction or Treatment was the additional archetype). A topic related to CBD product preference emerged after COVID-19 was first reported, which may be related to the use of CBD by vapers as a COVID-19 treatment.

Conclusions
Our main finding is the emergence of a vape-administered CBD treatment narrative around COVID-19 when comparing the web-based vaping narratives before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. These results are key to understanding how vapers respond to inaccurate information about COVID-19, optimizing treatment of vapers who contract COVID-19, and possibly minimizing instances of inaccurate information. The findings have implications for the management of COVID-19 among vapers and the monitoring of web-based content pertinent to tobacco to develop targeted interventions to manage COVID-19 among vapers.
Event-Level Association Between Daily Alcohol Use and Same-Day Nonadherence to Antiretroviral Therapy Among Young Men Who Have Sex With Men and Trans Women Living With HIV: Intensive Longitudinal Study
Authors: Turner Caitlin Marie , Trujillo Dillon , Le Victory , Wilson Erin C , Arayasirikul Sean 
Published: September 2020

Background
Young trans women (TW) and men who have sex with men (MSM) are disproportionately impacted by HIV. Optimizing adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is one mechanism by which public health experts aim to achieve favorable HIV health outcomes while reducing disease transmission. However, alcohol use is prevalent among young TW and MSM and threatens optimal adherence. In addition, the daily variations in alcohol use and ART adherence and their association with each other are poorly understood, warranting more appropriate methodological approaches, such as analysis of ecological momentary assessment (EMA) data.

Objective
The aim of this analysis is to characterize the association between daily alcohol use and same-day ART nonadherence captured by an EMA study of young MSM and TW living with HIV in San Francisco.

Methods
Young MSM and TW enrolled in the Health eNav digital HIV care navigation intervention were included in the analytic sample (N=113). Data on alcohol and ART use were collected by daily EMA surveys administered via text messaging and were analyzed over 30 days of follow-up. A multivariable mixed-effects logistic regression model adjusting for baseline sociodemographic characteristics was specified to investigate whether daily alcohol use was associated with same-day ART nonuse.

Results
Daily alcohol use was associated with higher same-day ART nonuse. On average, participants drank alcohol on 15.20 (SD 8.93) days and used ART on 15.19 (SD 10.16) days out of 30 days. Daily alcohol use was associated with 1.89 (95% CI 1.14-3.15) times the adjusted odds of same-day ART nonuse for each participant.

Conclusions
Results are consistent with other analyses of daily alcohol and ART use and underscore the importance of individually targeted interventions that are sensitive to each participant’s dynamic risk environment.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
RR2-10.2196/16406
DAMPAK PENERAPAN KONSERVASI LAHAN TERHADAP RAGAM TANAMAN DAN PENDAPATAN USAHATANI HUTAN RAKYAT DI WILAYAH PERBUKITAN KABUPATEN BANTUL
Authors: Sutrisno Sutrisno , Widodo Sri , Hartono Slamet 
Published: September 2020

This research aims at identifity the implementation level of land conservation by community forestry farmers, it also aims at identifying the factors that affect the implementation level of land conservation and finding out the influences of land conservation implementation towards variety of plants and farming income of community forestry. This research takes place in Dlingo subdistrict is conducted using descriptive method, with the sample of 60 farmers chosen using stratified ransom sampling. Used is primary data that is analyzed in tabulation and linear regression. The implementation of land conservation conducted by community forestry farmers can be categorized into vegetative and mechanic techniques. The level of land conservation implementation in general is categorized as high. However, two are low i.e, burying the plant waste into the ground and growing predator plants. There is one categorized as medium level is cutting wood rotationally. Linear regression analysis shows that the real factors affecting the implementation level of land conservation by community forestry farmers are perception, attitude, geographical location, and the intensity of extension education. The land conservation implementation by farmers has positive and real effects towards the variety of plants but does not have real effects towards the farming income. The analysis shows that variety of plant has positive and real effects towards the farming income of community forestry.
EFFICIENCY ALLOCATIVE NION FARMING IN TYE DISTRICT BANTUL
Authors: Nugroho Alfian Yunianto , Hartono Slamet , Masyhuri Masyhuri 
Published: September 2020

This aim of this study is to know the factors affecting onion production, the efficiency of the use of factors production on onion farming and to analyze the factors that affect onions farm incomes. The research was conducted in the district of Bantul with a sample of 30 farmers, factors affecting onion production was analyzed with multiplr linear regression analysis (method Cobb-Douglas) production function, allocative efficiency of the use of production factors by calculating an index value of allocative efficiency, the factors that influenced farm onion incomes anlayzedmultiple linear regression analysis (method Cobb-Douglas function of income). Production factors influence positive effect on onion productionin the district of Bantul are seedsm fertilizer NPK, KCl, soil and pesticides, input allocation of land, seed, fertilizer KCl.NPK fertilixer and fungicide antracol phonska have not be efficient so they need to be improved, the income of farmers affected by land area and the price of NPK phonska and insecticida.
ANALISIS DAYA SAING EKSPOR MINYAK KELAPA SAWIT (CPO) SUMATERA UTARA DI INDONESIA
Authors: Saragih Faoeza Hafiz , Darwanto Dwidjono Hadi , Masyhuri Masyhuri 
Published: September 2020

This study aims to : (1) CPO export trends and projections in North Sumatera (2) CPO export competitiveness of North Sumatera in Indonesia (3) factors that affect CPO export in North Sumatera. This research based on the background tat CPO export volume in North Sumatera which is now well below Riau Province, where previously the province of North Sumatera is Indonesia’s largest palm oil exporter.The data used are secondary data to the time period of the years 1980-2010. Data collecting obtained from BPS, Ministry of Agriculture and KPB PTPN. The analyze used model equation of least square to see the trends and projections 10 year lstr; RCA and AR index used to see competitiveness and ordinary least square (OLS) model used to see the factors that affected CPO export of North Sumatra.The result of study show that: (1) North Sumatera CPO export trend for 1980-2010 was positive and projections export for ten years later increased with average growth 4.649 percent, (2) North Sumatera still competitive in Indonesian CPO exports based on the average value of the RCA index 13.24905 but with weak growths as indicated by the AR index of 0.232 caused by the potential land was small, production growth was slowly, the low productivity and the transfer of export port by exporters, (3) North Sumatra CPO exports affected positively by Doller exchange rate against Rupiah and negatively affected by the value of the RCA index.
INTEGRASI PASAR MINYAK SAWIT INDONESIA DAN DUNIA
Authors: Arifianti Septika , Darwanto Dwidjono Hadi , Hartono Slamet 
Published: September 2020

This research was aimed: (1) to measure market intionegration of minyak sawit in the various Indonesia, Malaysia dan Rotterdam; (2) to measure the integration between minyak sawit markets and the substitution markets of minyak sawit ( world market of soybean oil, world market of sunflower oil, world market pf rapesseed oil); and (3) to analyze the leading market of minyak sawit. This research was basd on monthly orice data from 1999 t 2008, taken from World Bank. Market integration was analyzed by using Eagle and Granger model of c-integration. Granger causality test was used to measure the leading market. The result showed that Indonesian minyak sawit market is integrated strongly with minyak sawit market in Malaysia and Rotterdam. Malaysian minyak sawit market isintegrated weakly with Rotterdam minyak sawit market. The analysis of co-integration showed that there were integration between minyak sawit market and substitution markets of minyak sawit. Minyak sawit market also is integrated with the petroleum oil market. Granger causality test showed that Malaysian minyak sawit market was leading to other minyak sawit market. The last, this research suggested that increasing quality control, monitoring behavior of minyak sawit price in the Malaysia and Rotterdam market, and supporting government policies might be needed to increase Indonesian minyak sawit price.
DAMPAK PERUBAHAN TARIF IMPOR KEDELAI TERHADAP KESEJAHTERAAN MASYARAKAT INDONESIA
Authors: Primasari Ryan , Hardyastuti Suhatmini , Mulyo Jangkung Handoyo 
Published: September 2020

In 1998-2004, Indonesia liberalized soybean trade on zero percent tariff rate, then reinstated tariff rate on 10 percent in 2005-2007 and removed It again in early 2008 due to price instability in world market. Because of Indonesian high import-dependency on soybean, the change of soybean import tariff is very important for farmer, consumer, and government. The objectives of this research are : 1) to analyze the effect of soybean import tariff change on domestic price, soybean quantitiy supplied, demanded, and imported; and (2) to analyze effects of soybean import tariff change on social welfare. Analyses used are partial equilibrium analysis, price, demand, and supply function and economic surplus indicator. Partial equilibrium analysis conclude that 10% tariff-cut scenario would increase soybean demanded and decrease soybean supplied in response to the decrease of both wholesaler and producer price. Thus, it would lead the increase of net welfare gain, but would squeeze the national soybean agriculture by the decrease of producer surplus and the increase of soybean import quantity. Meanwhile, the increase of tariff rat by 10% has the opposite results. It is suggested, therefore, that Indonesian government has to retain the import tariff to protect soybean producer and improve soybean production at the same time to pursue national food independency, especially for soybean.
PERSEPSI KONSUMEN TERHADAP AGROWISATA SALAK PONDOH DI KECAMATAN TURI KABUPATEN SLEMAN
Authors: Aggraini Rencia , Suratiyah Ken , Darwanto Dwidjono Hadi 
Published: September 2020

The research ainm was to know the consumer perception tward the avaibility of Salak Pondoh Agritourism (WASP) facilities, its service condition, and its view condition. This research used analytical descriptive method and to get 60 sample/respondens used accidental sampling method. The data that has been taken are primary and secondary data which obtained from the result of interviewing the company officer, the result of questioning papers, the organization structure, the map of WASP, and the sun of visitors per year. The result of the research showed that consumers had a good perception toward the avaibility of WASP facilities which are agricultural commodity, transportation, sheltered place, information, and communication; consumers had a good perception toward WASP services condition, it meant that Salak Pondoh Agritourism had a good quality of its services; and consumers had an unwell perception toward the WASP view condition. Suggestions that been given to WASP are to maintain the available facilities in WASP more and to add few more facilities which have already or haven’t existed, those are tour guides, public telephone, fishing hool renting place, toilet, and garden seats.
Neutropenia – there are always two sides to a story
Authors: Rupa-Matysek Joanna , Gil Lidia , Mozer-Lisewska Iwona , Brzeźniakiewicz-Janus Katarzyna 
Published: September 2020

AbstractNeutropenia is uncommon but a very challenging problem in medicine. It remains a well-known risk factor for the development of infection while conversely neutropenia can be caused by infection or its treatment. The issue is discussed in the paper with respect to different patient populations, medical intervention, and life situations.