bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prawns, justice, and relationships of care in Stilbaai, South Africa
Authors: Norton Marieke 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis story is concerned with the intersection of governance, stewardship, care taking, and extraction. It is centred on insights gained through repeated encounters with bait prawns during 7 years of fieldwork in Stilbaai, South Africa. These prawns are intended as angling bait, but they are entangled in a host of complications—or relations—the discovery of which eventually led me see them differently than before. More recently, I have looked into the role of marine protected areas in the everyday lives of residents, researching conservation management in Stilbaai in connection with the Southern Cape Interdisciplinary Fisheries Research project. In that work, I use the idea of relationality, as understood from an anthropological perspective, to speak about what long-term stewardship needs to take into account. Understanding more about the mudprawn and where it lives in the ecosystem, how people extract it, what it is used for, and how it is thought of has provided an access point for me into thinking about coastal social–ecological systems and how to communicate their needs. In this story, I reflect on these creatures as they live in my research, showing what this species can teach about coastal sustainability more generically.
Evaluation of 3 SARS-CoV-2 IgG Antibody Assays and Correlation with Neutralizing Antibodies
Authors: Rychert Jenna , Couturier Marc Roger , Elgort Marc , Lozier Bucky Ken , La’ulu Sonia , Genzen Jonathan R , Straseski Joely A , Delgado Julio C , Slev Patricia R 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
As serologic assays for SARS-CoV-2 become more widely utilized, it is important to understand their performance characteristics and correlation with neutralizing antibodies. We evaluated 3 commonly used SARS-CoV-2 IgG assays (Abbott, DiaSorin, and EUROIMMUN) for clinical sensitivity, specificity, and correlation with neutralizing antibodies, and then compared antibody kinetics during the acute phase of infection.

Methods
Three panels of samples were tested on every assay. Sensitivity was assessed using a panel of 35 specimens serially collected from 7 patients with RT–PCR-confirmed COVID-19. Specificity was determined using 100 sera samples collected in 2018 from healthy individuals prior to the outbreak. Analytical specificity was determined using a panel of 37 samples from individuals with respiratory illnesses other than COVID-19.

Results
Clinical sensitivity was 91.43% (95% CI 76.94–98.20%) for Abbott, and 88.57% (95% CI 73.26–96.80%) for both DiaSorin and EUROIMMUN. Clinical specificity was 99.00% (95% CI 94.55–99.97%) for Abbott and DiaSorin and 94.00% (95% CI 87.40–97.77%) for EUROIMMUN. The IgG assays demonstrated good qualitative agreement (minimum of 94%) and good correlation between the quantitative result for each combination of assays (r2 ≥ 0.90). The neutralizing antibody response did not necessarily follow the same temporal kinetics as the IgG response and did not necessarily correlate with IgG values.

Conclusion
The 3 IgG antibody assays demonstrated comparable performance characteristics. Importantly, a qualitative positive IgG result obtained with any of the assays was associated with the presence of neutralizing antibodies; however, neutralizing antibody concentrations did not correlate well with signal to cutoff ratios.
Key components and IT assistance of participant management in clinical research: a scoping review
Authors: Pung Johannes , Rienhoff Otto 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectivesManaging participants and their data are fundamental for the success of a clinical trial. Our review identifies and describes processes that deal with management of trial participants and highlights information technology (IT) assistance for clinical research in the context of participant management.MethodsA scoping literature review design, based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses statement, was used to identify literature on trial participant-related proceedings, work procedures, or workflows, and assisting electronic systems.ResultsThe literature search identified 1329 articles of which 111 were included for analysis. Participant-related procedures were categorized into 4 major trial processes: recruitment, obtaining informed consent, managing identities, and managing administrative data. Our results demonstrated that management of trial participants is considered in nearly every step of clinical trials, and that IT was successfully introduced to all participant-related areas of a clinical trial to facilitate processes.DiscussionThere is no precise definition of participant management, so a broad search strategy was necessary, resulting in a high number of articles that had to be excluded. Nevertheless, this review provides a comprehensive overview of participant management-related components, which was lacking so far. The review contributes to a better understanding of how computer-assisted management of participants in clinical trials is possible.
Is the Water Supply a Key Factor in Stingless Bees’ Intoxication?
Authors: Rosa-Fontana Annelise de Souza , Dorigo Adna Suelen , Soares-Lima Hellen Maria , Nocelli Roberta Cornélio Ferreira , Malaspina Osmar 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Water is an important resource for stingless bees, serving for both honey dilution and the composition of larval food inside nests, yet can be an important route of exposure to pesticides. Assuming bees can forage naturally on pesticide-contaminated or noncontaminated areas, we investigated whether water supply influences the choice between neonicotinoid-dosed or nondosed feeders and on mortality of the stingless bee, Melipona scutellaris (Latreille, Hymenoptera, Apidae). At the field concentration, there was no significant mortality; however, the bees were not able to distinguish the feeders. In the cages containing high-concentration feeders, with water supply, the bees preferred nondosed food, and with no water, the mortality increased. Considering that in the field it is common to find extrapolated concentrations, our work suggested that water may allow avoidance of high dosed food and minimize mortality.
Seasonal Activity of Haemaphysalis longicornis (Acari: Ixodidae) in Southern New York State
Authors: Piedmonte Nicholas P , Vinci Vanessa C , Daniels Thomas J , Backenson Bryon P , Falco Richard C 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The Asian longhorned tick, Haemaphysalis longicornis Neumann, is a species native to eastern Asia that has recently been discovered in the United States. In its native range, H. longicornis transmits pathogens that cause disease in humans and livestock. It is currently unknown whether H. longicornis will act as a vector in the United States. Understanding its seasonal activity patterns will be important in identifying which times of the year represent greatest potential risk to humans and livestock should this species become a threat to animal or public health. A study site was established in Yonkers, NY near the residence associated with the first reported human bite from H. longicornis in the United States. Ticks were collected once each week from July 2018 to November 2019. Haemaphysalis longicornis larvae were most active from August to November, nymphs from April to July, and adult females from June to September. This pattern of activity suggests that H. longicornis is capable of completing a generation within a single year and matches the patterns observed in its other ranges in the northern hemisphere. The data presented here contribute to a growing database for H. longicornis phenology in the northeastern United States. Potential implications of the short life cycle for the tick’s vectorial capacity are discussed.
Pilot Trial of a Sleep-Promoting Intervention for Children With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Jaser Sarah S , Bergner Erin M , Hamburger Emily R , Bhatia Shivani , Lyttle Morgan , Bell Grace E , Slaughter J Christopher , Malow Beth A , Simmons Jill H 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Objective
To assess the feasibility and acceptability of an educational sleep-promoting intervention (Sleep Coach Jr.) for school-aged children (ages 5–9) with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and their parents.

Methods
Parents and children (N = 39 dyads, mean child age = 8 years, 64% girls,) were randomized to either the Sleep Coach Jr. intervention, consisting of educational materials and three individual phone calls (N = 20), or the Standard Care condition (N = 19). Data were collected at enrollment and 3 months later. Children and parents wore actigraphy devices to obtain an objective measure of sleep characteristics, and parents completed questionnaire measures of sleep quality and psychosocial outcomes. Clinical data (i.e., hemoglobin A1c, glucose data) were obtained from children’s medical records.

Results
Feasibility and acceptability of the study were demonstrated to be high; all three sessions were completed by 80% of parents randomized to the Sleep Coach Jr. intervention, and 90% of parents completed follow-up data at 3 months. Parents reported high levels of satisfaction with the study and identified barriers to participation. No changes were observed in children’s sleep or diabetes outcomes, but parental sleep quality and well-being improved.

Conclusions
A brief, behavioral sleep-promoting intervention is feasible and acceptable for school-aged children with T1D and their parents. A larger trial is needed to evaluate efficacy of the intervention.
Setting Operator overhead charges in joint ventures: benchmarking legal agreements
Authors: Fernandes D'Costa Lois 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Operators of extractive joint ventures are typically reimbursed for their costs incurred on a ‘no gain, no loss’ basis. Some costs can be directly attributed, but many corporate overhead charges are indirect and recovered through a negotiated overhead charge. These overhead charges are a recurring source of audit disputes, and can escalate to a point of delaying the approval of proposed budgets. Recent benchmarking of contractual language related to overhead charges across 76 joint ventures shows wide variety in both median rates as well as allowable costs included in overhead. Analysis also identified certain gaps in contractual agreements that likely give rise to overhead-related disputes, which leads to three ways for co-venturers to rethink their approach to setting, modifying, and auditing overhead charges – with an eye towards reducing the incidence of frictions and dispute.
A Qualitative Examination of Factors That Influence Sleep Among Shipboard Sailors
Authors: Schmied Emily A , Harrison Elizabeth M , Dell’Acqua Renee G , Perez Vanessa G , Glickman Gena , Hurtado Suzanne L 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACTIntroductionSleep disturbance is prevalent among service members; however, little is known about factors that compromise sleep in unique operational environments, such as naval ships. Given the importance of sleep to health and performance, it is critical to identify both causes and potential solutions to this serious issue. The objective of this qualitative study was to elucidate the barriers to sleep and the strategies service members use to improve their sleep and combat fatigue while living and working aboard ships (i.e., underway).Methods and MaterialsInterviews were conducted with 22 active duty service members assigned to sea duty. The semi-structured interview guide assessed the experiences of service members sleeping in shipboard environments. Interview transcripts were analyzed using applied thematic content analysis by two independent coders.ResultsParticipants were largely male (77.8%) and enlisted (88.9%). The most common barrier to obtaining sufficient sleep was stress, followed by rotating schedules, and environmental factors (e.g., noise and light). Additionally, many participants reported prioritizing other activities over sleep when off duty. Many participants did not report using any specific strategies to improve their sleep while underway. Among those who did, most described mitigating environmental barriers (e.g., noise-cancelling headphones or sleep masks). However, some participants also acknowledged these strategies are not always feasible, either attributable to cost or because sailors must be able to respond to alarms or commands. Notably, few sailors reported using stress mitigation or relaxation strategies to help sleep. Ingesting caffeine was the only strategy sailors reported using to alert themselves while fatigued.ConclusionsService members reported many unique barriers to sleep in the shipboard environment, yet many did not report the use of strategies to mitigate them. Further, few used alerting techniques when fatigued. This at-risk population could benefit from targeted educational interventions on sleep-promoting behaviors, prioritization of sleep, and fatigue mitigation.
Stellar and weak lensing profiles of massive galaxies in the Hyper-Suprime Cam survey and in hydrodynamic simulations
Authors: Ardila Felipe , Huang Song , Leauthaud Alexie , Diemer Benedikt , Pillepich Annalisa , Chowdhury Rajdipa , Fiacconi Davide , Greene Jenny , Hearin Andrew , Hernquist Lars , Madau Piero , Mayer Lucio , Peirani Sébastien , Xhakaj Enia 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT
We perform a consistent comparison of the mass and mass profiles of massive (M⋆ &gt; 1011.4 M⊙) central galaxies at z ∼ 0.4 from deep Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) observations and from the Illustris, TNG100, and Ponos simulations. Weak lensing measurements from HSC enable measurements at fixed halo mass and provide constraints on the strength and impact of feedback at different halo mass scales. We compare the stellar mass function (SMF) and the Stellar-to-Halo Mass Relation (SHMR) at various radii and show that the radius at which the comparison is performed is important. In general, Illustris and TNG100 display steeper values of α where $M_{\star } \propto M_{\rm vir}^{\alpha }$. These differences are more pronounced for Illustris than for TNG100 and in the inner rather than outer regions of galaxies. Differences in the inner regions may suggest that TNG100 is too efficient at quenching in situ star formation at Mvir ≃ 1013 M⊙ but not efficient enough at Mvir ≃ 1014 M⊙. The outer stellar masses are in excellent agreement with our observations at Mvir ≃ 1013 M⊙, but both Illustris and TNG100 display excess outer mass as Mvir ≃ 1014 M⊙ (by ∼0.25 and ∼0.12 dex, respectively). We argue that reducing stellar growth at early times in $M_\star \sim 10^{9-10} \, \mathrm{M}_{\odot }$ galaxies would help to prevent excess ex-situ growth at this mass scale. The Ponos simulations do not implement AGN feedback and display an excess mass of ∼0.5 dex at r &lt; 30 kpc compared to HSC which is indicative of overcooling and excess star formation in the central regions. The comparison of the inner profiles of Ponos and HSC suggests that the physical scale over which the central AGN limits star formation is r ≲ 20 kpc. Joint comparisons between weak lensing and galaxy stellar profiles are a direct test of whether simulations build and deposit galaxy mass in the correct dark matter haloes and thereby provide powerful constraints on the physics of feedback and galaxy growth. Our galaxy and weak lensing profiles are publicly available to facilitate comparisons with other simulations.
Mice born to females with oocyte-specific deletion of mitofusin 2 have increased weight gain and impaired glucose homeostasis
Authors: Garcia Bruna M , Machado Thiago S , Carvalho Karen F , Nolasco Patrícia , Nociti Ricardo P , del Collado Maite , Capo Bianco Maria J D , Grejo Mateus P , Augusto Neto José Djaci , Sugiyama Fabrícia H C , Tostes Katiane , Pandey Anand K , Gonçalves Luciana M , Perecin Felipe , Meirelles Flávio V , Ferraz José Bento S , Vanzela Emerielle C , Boschero Antônio C , Guimarães Francisco E G , Abdulkader Fernando , Laurindo Francisco R M , Kowaltowski Alicia J , Chiaratti Marcos R 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Offspring born to obese and diabetic mothers are prone to metabolic diseases, a phenotype that has been linked to mitochondrial dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in oocytes. In addition, metabolic diseases impact the architecture and function of mitochondria-ER contact sites (MERCs), changes which associate with mitofusin 2 (MFN2) repression in muscle, liver and hypothalamic neurons. MFN2 is a potent modulator of mitochondrial metabolism and insulin signaling, with a key role in mitochondrial dynamics and tethering with the ER. Here, we investigated whether offspring born to mice with MFN2-deficient oocytes are prone to obesity and diabetes. Deletion of Mfn2 in oocytes resulted in a profound transcriptomic change, with evidence of impaired mitochondrial and ER function. Moreover, offspring born to females with oocyte-specific deletion of Mfn2 presented increased weight gain and glucose intolerance. This abnormal phenotype was linked to decreased insulinemia and defective insulin signaling, but not mitochondrial and ER defects in offspring liver and skeletal muscle. In conclusion, this study suggests a link between disrupted mitochondrial/ER function in oocytes and increased risk of metabolic diseases in the progeny. Future studies should determine whether MERC architecture and function are altered in oocytes from obese females, which might contribute toward transgenerational transmission of metabolic diseases.
A role for LSH in facilitating DNA methylation by DNMT1 through enhancing UHRF1 chromatin association
Authors: Han Mengmeng , Li Jialun , Cao Yaqiang , Huang Yuanyong , Li Wen , Zhu Haijun , Zhao Qian , Han Jing-Dong Jackie , Wu Qihan , Li Jiwen , Feng Jing , Wong Jiemin 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
LSH, a SNF2 family DNA helicase, is a key regulator of DNA methylation in mammals. How LSH facilitates DNA methylation is not well defined. While previous studies with mouse embryonic stem cells (mESc) and fibroblasts (MEFs) derived from Lsh knockout mice have revealed a role of Lsh in de novo DNA methylation by Dnmt3a/3b, here we report that LSH contributes to DNA methylation in various cell lines primarily by promoting DNA methylation by DNMT1. We show that loss of LSH has a much bigger effect in DNA methylation than loss of DNMT3A and DNMT3B. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that LSH interacts with UHRF1 but not DNMT1 and facilitates UHRF1 chromatin association and UHRF1-catalyzed histone H3 ubiquitination in an ATPase activity-dependent manner, which in turn promotes DNMT1 recruitment to replication fork and DNA methylation. Notably, UHRF1 also enhances LSH association with the replication fork. Thus, our study identifies LSH as an essential factor for DNA methylation by DNMT1 and provides novel insight into how a feed-forward loop between LSH and UHRF1 facilitates DNMT1-mediated maintenance of DNA methylation in chromatin.
Acetylation-modulated communication between the H3 N-terminal tail domain and the intrinsically disordered H1 C-terminal domain
Authors: Hao Fanfan , Murphy Kevin J , Kujirai Tomoya , Kamo Naoki , Kato Junko , Koyama Masako , Okamato Akimitsu , Hayashi Gosuke , Kurumizaka Hitoshi , Hayes Jeffrey J 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Linker histones (H1s) are key structural components of the chromatin of higher eukaryotes. However, the mechanisms by which the intrinsically disordered linker histone carboxy-terminal domain (H1 CTD) influences chromatin structure and gene regulation remain unclear. We previously demonstrated that the CTD of H1.0 undergoes a significant condensation (reduction of end-to-end distance) upon binding to nucleosomes, consistent with a transition to an ordered structure or ensemble of structures. Here, we show that deletion of the H3 N-terminal tail or the installation of acetylation mimics or bona fide acetylation within H3 N-terminal tail alters the condensation of the nucleosome-bound H1 CTD. Additionally, we present evidence that the H3 N-tail influences H1 CTD condensation through direct protein-protein interaction, rather than alterations in linker DNA trajectory. These results support an emerging hypothesis wherein the H1 CTD serves as a nexus for signaling in the nucleosome.
TCRD and Pharos 2021: mining the human proteome for disease biology
Authors: Sheils Timothy K , Mathias Stephen L , Kelleher Keith J , Siramshetty Vishal B , Nguyen Dac-Trung , Bologa Cristian G , Jensen Lars Juhl , Vidović Dušica , Koleti Amar , Schürer Stephan C , Waller Anna , Yang Jeremy J , Holmes Jayme , Bocci Giovanni , Southall Noel , Dharkar Poorva , Mathé Ewy , Simeonov Anton , Oprea Tudor I 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In 2014, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) initiated the Illuminating the Druggable Genome (IDG) program to identify and improve our understanding of poorly characterized proteins that can potentially be modulated using small molecules or biologics. Two resources produced from these efforts are: The Target Central Resource Database (TCRD) (http://juniper.health.unm.edu/tcrd/) and Pharos (https://pharos.nih.gov/), a web interface to browse the TCRD. The ultimate goal of these resources is to highlight and facilitate research into currently understudied proteins, by aggregating a multitude of data sources, and ranking targets based on the amount of data available, and presenting data in machine learning ready format. Since the 2017 release, both TCRD and Pharos have produced two major releases, which have incorporated or expanded an additional 25 data sources. Recently incorporated data types include human and viral-human protein–protein interactions, protein–disease and protein–phenotype associations, and drug-induced gene signatures, among others. These aggregated data have enabled us to generate new visualizations and content sections in Pharos, in order to empower users to find new areas of study in the druggable genome.
DrugCentral 2021 supports drug discovery and repositioning
Authors: Avram Sorin , Bologa Cristian G , Holmes Jayme , Bocci Giovanni , Wilson Thomas B , Nguyen Dac-Trung , Curpan Ramona , Halip Liliana , Bora Alina , Yang Jeremy J , Knockel Jeffrey , Sirimulla Suman , Ursu Oleg , Oprea Tudor I 
Published: October 2020

AbstractDrugCentral is a public resource (http://drugcentral.org) that serves the scientific community by providing up-to-date drug information, as described in previous papers. The current release includes 109 newly approved (October 2018 through March 2020) active pharmaceutical ingredients in the US, Europe, Japan and other countries; and two molecular entities (e.g. mefuparib) of interest for COVID19. New additions include a set of pharmacokinetic properties for ∼1000 drugs, and a sex-based separation of side effects, processed from FAERS (FDA Adverse Event Reporting System); as well as a drug repositioning prioritization scheme based on the market availability and intellectual property rights forFDA approved drugs. In the context of the COVID19 pandemic, we also incorporated REDIAL-2020, a machine learning platform that estimates anti-SARS-CoV-2 activities, as well as the ‘drugs in news’ feature offers a brief enumeration of the most interesting drugs at the present moment. The full database dump and data files are available for download from the DrugCentral web portal.