bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative study on dry sliding wear behavior of mono (Al2219/B4C) and hybrid (Al2219/B4C/Gr) metal matrix composites using statistical technique
Authors: Suresh R. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In the present study, aluminium metal matrix composites (AMMC’s) reinforced with boron carbide (B4C) and graphite (Gr) particles were prepared by stir casting method. Dry sliding wear behavior of developed composites was conducted on pin on disc apparatus with variation in sliding distance, applied load and sliding speed. Taguchi method was employed to optimize the data in a controlled way. Analysis of variance was employed to examine the wear behavior of base alloy (Al2219), mono (Al/B4C) and hybrid (Al/B4C/Gr) metal matrix composites. The correlations were established by linear regression models and validated using confirmation tests. The obtained results indicated that B4C content, sliding distance is highly affected by the dry sliding wear followed by sliding speed and applied load. The incorporation of B4C and Gr particles in aluminium improves the tribological characteristics. The SEM images of mono composite shows the deep grooves on worn surface. It demonstrates the signs of abrasive wear of mono composite. The hybrid composite exhibits excellent wear resistance when compared to mono composite and base alloy. The main reason of that is the Gr particles act as a solid lubricating material in the hybrid composite (Al/B4C/Gr).
CHIMERA: Combining Ring-LWE-based Fully Homomorphic Encryption Schemes
Authors: Boura Christina , Gama Nicolas , Georgieva Mariya , Jetchev Dimitar 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis paper proposes a practical hybrid solution for combining and switching between three popular Ring-LWE-based FHE schemes: TFHE, B/FV and HEAAN. This is achieved by first mapping the different plaintext spaces to a common algebraic structure and then by applying efficient switching algorithms. This approach has many practical applications. First and foremost, it becomes an integral tool for the recent standardization initiatives of homomorphic schemes and common APIs. Then, it can be used in many real-life scenarios where operations of different nature and not achievable within a single FHE scheme have to be performed and where it is important to efficiently switch from one scheme to another. Finally, as a byproduct of our analysis we introduce the notion of a FHE module structure, that generalizes the notion of the external product, but can certainly be of independent interest in future research in FHE.
Protecting ECC Against Fault Attacks: The Ring Extension Method Revisited
Authors: Joye Marc 
Published: August 2020

AbstractDue to its shorter key size, elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) is gaining more and more popularity. However, if not properly implemented, the resulting cryptosystems may be susceptible to fault attacks. Over the past few years, several techniques for secure implementations have been published. This paper revisits the ring extension method and its adaptation to the elliptic curve setting.
New Zémor-Tillich Type Hash Functions Over GL2 (𝔽pn)
Authors: Tomkins Hayley , Nevins Monica , Salmasian Hadi 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWe present a large class of new Zémor-Tillich type hash functions whose target space is the finite group GL2(𝔽pn) for any prime p and power n. To do so, we use a novel group-theoretic approach that uses Tits’ “Ping-Pong Lemma” to outline conditions under which a set of matrices in PGL2(𝔽p((x))) generates a free group. The hash functions we form are secure against known attacks, and simultaneously preserve many of the desired features of the Zémor-Tillich hash function. In particular, our hash functions retain the mall modifications property.
The first-trimester serum decorin levels as a potential predictor of preeclampsia
Authors: Adanaş Aydın Gültekin , Ayvacı Habibe , Özgen Gülten 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background
Preeclampsia (PE) is a multisystem disease and is still among the leading causes of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Inadequate trophoblast invasion plays a key role in the PE pathogenesis. The proliferation, migration, and invasion of extravillous trophoblasts (EVTs) is primarily controlled by the decidua-derived transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) and decorin. In this study, we aimed to investigate the clinical utility of serum decorin levels measured in the 11th to 14th gestational weeks to predict preeclampsia during the following weeks of gestation.

Materials and Methods
A total of 600 pregnant women, whose age and gestational age ranged from 18 to 40 years and 11 to 14 weeks, were included. Venous blood samples were obtained and stored at −80 °C. Subsequently, the patients who developed preeclampsia and healthy controls with a similar body mass index were identified and their first-trimester blood samples were analyzed for serum decorin levels.

Results
The mean serum decorin level was 8.76 ± 6.88 ng/mL for the PE group while 9.75 ± 9.82 ng/mL for the control group. No statistically significant difference was found between the two groups (p=0.838).

Conclusion
We observed that the serum decorin levels during the 11th to 14th weeks of gestation showed no predictive value for preeclampsia in pregnant women. However, more accurate conclusions about the clinical utility of decorin as a biomarker of preeclampsia would require further studies with larger samples including more patients with EOS-PE.
On Credentials
Authors: Smith Barry , Loddo Olimpia Giuliana , Lorini Giuseppe 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Credentials play an important role in all modern societies, but the analysis of their nature and function has thus far been neglected by social philosophers. We present a view according to which the defining function of credentials is to certify the identity and the institutional status (including certain rights) of individuals. More importantly, credentials enable rights-holders to exercise their rights, so that for a particular right to be exercisable the right-holder should possess, carry and sometimes show to an authority a document of a specific kind. Driving licenses, identity cards, passports, boarding passes, library passes, credit cards, ATM cards, health insurance cards are all examples of credentials in this sense. Credentials have in every case a bearer, and the bearer should be able to carry them easily on his or her person. Credentials should also be inspectable – not least because credentials can be forged. The authors analyze several historical and contemporary examples of credentials, focusing on the credentials carried by the pilgrims of the Way of Saint James.
Organodiphosphines in PtP2X2 (X = As, Ge or Te) derivatives – Structural aspects
Authors: Melník Milan , Mikuš Peter 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Structural data of cis-Pt(η2-P2L)(XL)2 (X = Ge or Te), cis-Pt(η2-P2L)(η2-X2L) (X = As, Ge or Te) and trans-Pt(η2-P,TeL)2 were classified and analyzed. The chelating ligands create varieties of metallocyclic rings, which open in the sequence: 83.1° (GeGeGe) < 83.8° (AsC2As) < 86.2° (PC2P) < 88.5° (PC2Te) < 89.7° (PC3P) ~ 89.7° (GeGe2Ge). The structural data are compared and discussed with the complexes of an inner coordination spheres Pt(η2-P2L)(XL)2 (X = O, N, CN, B, Cl, S, Se, Si, Br or I), Pt(η2-P2L)(η2- X2L) (X = O, N, S, Se or Si), and Pt(η2-P,SiL)2.
Equality, Self-Government, and Disenfranchising Kids: A Reply to Yaffe
Authors: Cholbi Michael 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Gideon Yaffe has recently argued that children should be subject to lower standards of criminal liability because, unlike adults, they ought to be disenfranchised. Because of their disenfranchisement, they lack the legal reasons enfranchised adults have to comply with the law. I critically consider Yaffe’s argument for such disenfranchisement, which holds that disenfranchisement balances children’s interest in self-government with adults’ interest in having an equal say over lawmaking. I argue that Yaffe does not succeed in showing that these two values need to be balanced, nor that disenfranchising children is a justifiable method of achieving this balance. In my conclusion, I sketch an alternative contractualist approach to disenfranchising children that, like Yaffe’s, appeals to the implications that enfranchisement has for political relations among citizens, but, unlike Yaffe’s, rests on empirical claims about the influence of parents on children’s voting patterns rather than on a priori claims regarding who has a rightful say over lawmaking.
Should Children Have a Veto over Parental Decisions to Relocate?
Authors: de Vries Bouke 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Many people move house at some point during their childhood and not rarely more than once. While relocations are not always harmful for under-aged children, they can, and frequently do, cause great disruption to their lives by severing their social ties as well as any attachments that they might have to their neighbourhood, town, or wider geographical region, with long-lasting psychological effects in some cases. Since it is increasingly recognised within normative philosophy as well as within Western societies that older minors should have the final say over certain issues that significantly affect their lives (think, for instance, of custody disputes, decisions about whether to get specific vaccinations or use contraceptives), this raises the question: Can it be morally incumbent upon parents to give their minor children a veto over family relocation? This article argues that the answer is affirmative. Specifically, it suggests that such duties exist if and only if (i) parents are not morally required to either relocate their families or stay put, (ii) the stakes of the decision about a family relocation are fairly low, and (iii) the children have the competence to make these decisions, as many older minors do.
Varieties of ∗-regular rings
Authors: Herrmann Christian 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Given a subdirectly irreducible ∗-regular ring R, we show that R is a homomorphic image of a regular ∗-subring of an ultraproduct of the (simple) eRe, e in the minimal ideal of R; moreover, R (with unit) is directly finite if all eRe are unit-regular. For any subdirect product of artinian ∗-regular rings we construct a unit-regular and ∗-clean extension within its variety.
Uniqueness problem of meromorphic mappings of a complete Kähler manifold into a projective space
Authors: Giang Ha Huong 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In this article, we prove a new generalization of uniqueness theorems for meromorphic mappings of a complete Kähler manifold M into ℙ
n
(ℂ) sharing hyperplanes in general position with a general condition on the intersections of the inverse images of these hyperplanes.
An alternative distribution to Lindley and Power Lindley distributions with characterizations, different estimation methods and data applications
Authors: Korkmaz Mustafa Ç. , Hamedani G. G. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This paper proposes a new extended Lindley distribution, which has a more flexible density and hazard rate shapes than the Lindley and Power Lindley distributions, based on the mixture distribution structure in order to model with new distribution characteristics real data phenomena. Its some distributional properties such as the shapes, moments, quantile function, Bonferonni and Lorenz curves, mean deviations and order statistics have been obtained. Characterizations based on two truncated moments, conditional expectation as well as in terms of the hazard function are presented. Different estimation procedures have been employed to estimate the unknown parameters and their performances are compared via Monte Carlo simulations. The flexibility and importance of the proposed model are illustrated by two real data sets.
Identity gaps and negotiations among layers of young farmers: Case study in Indonesia
Authors: Widiyanti Emi , Karsidi Ravik , Wijaya Mahendra , Utari Prahastiwi 
Published: August 2020

AbstractOne of the fundamental problems at the source of youthful reluctance to join the agricultural sector is the issue of identity. Unrealistic and negative views toward agriculture, increasing levels of education, and the existence stimulating opportunities in non-agricultural sectors have resulted in a situation that makes youths question previous assumptions about succession farming. This article discusses the identity gaps experienced by six young Indonesian farmers in developing and maintaining coherent identities within the framework of the communication theory of identity. This theoretical framework is used to explore the identity gaps among the identity layers of these young farmers in the situations they face and to understand the way they seek validation for their identity through self-verification. With the explanation approach, this article focuses on a discussion of how young farmers overcome the tensions they experience arising out of conflicts between expectations and reality. These conflicts show that there are identity gaps that must be negotiated by the youths while building their self-identity as farmers.
Genetically modified crops in India: Experiments with Bt Cotton to explore the road ahead
Authors: Kaur Amanpreet 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The success of genetically modified crops (GMCs), claimed to hold solution to impending environmental problems, depends on land holdings, agroclimatic and geoclimatic conditions, food preferences and sociocultural factors. The direct and indirect impacts of these crops on human health, ecology and environment have not been evaluated on long-term basis. In India, with rich background of farming, GMCs remain a minor change. Introduction of first GMC, Bt Cotton (BC), showed varied response throughout the country. New GMCs like Bt Brinjal and GM Mustard approved for open-field trials in the country were marred under contentious debate and were never approved for commercial cultivation. The current research article aims to study the ecological implications of only GMC available for experimentation in India, BC. A three-phase study carried out as field survey, glass dome experiments and open-field trials compared the BC and conventional cotton (CC) plants with extensive experimentation of ecological parameters including vegetation diversity, insect diversity, plant morphology and infestation intensity. Results highlighted the better morphological characteristics of BC over CC, while infestation studies showed 40% survival rate of insect pest on BC for which it is genetically modified. High electrical conductivity and low organic matter content in the BC soil samples as compared to CC soil samples were indicative of impact of Bt toxins in soil but need further in-depth soil studies to reach scientifically valid results. The current research article substantiates the environmental concerns raised against GMCs especially BC in the country. Its objective is to trigger more research in this direction, so that the technology of GMCs is utilized for the benefit of humankind.
Irony and Sarcasm in Ethical Perspective
Authors: Airaksinen Timo 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Irony and sarcasm are two quite different, sometimes morally dubious, linguistic tropes. We can draw a distinction between them if we identify irony as a speech act that calls what is bad good and, correspondingly, sarcasm calls good bad. This allows us to ask, which one is morally worse. My argument is based on the idea that the speaker can legitimately bypass what is good and call it bad, which is to say that she may literally mean what she says. This is not true of the opposite case: one cannot bypass what is bad and, therefore, she paradoxically does not mean what she says. In other words, irony is a morally less guilty trope. What is bad has its faults and thus it can be ironized; what is good is without blemish and thus it is difficult to know how it could be called bad. Also, irony can be freely intended, or verbal, or it can be situational in social context. I also discuss dramatic irony in Classical context. Sarcasm does not allow such complexity. Instead, we speak of cynicism and even nihilism as moral attitudes that accompany sarcasm and give it its typical force; or sarcasm may lead to cynicism and nihilism, that is, to the denial of values. Irony does not entail any corresponding attitudes or moral positions. This paper is a philosophical contribution to the ethics of communication and language.
Moving Bodies as Moving Targets: A Feminist Perspective on Sexual Violence in Transit
Authors: Pedersen Louise 
Published: August 2020

AbstractActs of sexual violence in transit environments are everyday occurrences for women across the globe, and the fear of being on the receiving end of sexual violence severely impacts women’s mobility patterns. Gill Valentine, in her examination of women’s fear of male violence and women’s perception and use of public space, has argued that the impact on women’s mobility amounts to a spatial expression of patriarchy. The aim of this paper is to expand upon Valentine’s notion of “the spatial expression of patriarchy” by engaging feminist philosophy within the context of sexual violence against women on public transportation. More specifically, I will argue for two particular interpretations of the spatial expression of patriarchy, one structural and one relational. It follows from my view that solutions to overcoming and ending sexual violence against women on public transportation hinge on both a structural and a relational understanding of the spatial expression of patriarchy.
The measure of irregularities of nanosheets
Authors: Iqbal Zahid , Ishaq Muhammad , Aslam Adnan , Aamir Muhammad , Gao Wei 
Published: August 2020

AbstractNanosheets are two-dimensional polymeric materials, which are among the most active areas of investigation of chemistry and physics. Many diverse physicochemical properties of compounds are closely related to their underlying molecular topological descriptors. Thus, topological indices are fascinating beginning points to any statistical approach for attaining quantitative structure–activity (QSAR) and quantitative structure–property (QSPR) relationship studies. Irregularity measures are generally used for quantitative characterization of the topological structure of non-regular graphs. In various applications and problems in material engineering and chemistry, it is valuable to be well-informed of the irregularity of a molecular structure. Furthermore, the estimation of the irregularity of graphs is helpful for not only QSAR/QSPR studies but also different physical and chemical properties, including boiling and melting points, enthalpy of vaporization, entropy, toxicity, and resistance. In this article, we compute the irregularity measures of graphene nanosheet, H-naphtalenic nanosheet, {\text{SiO}}_{2} nanosheet, and the nanosheet covered by {C}_{3} and {C}_{6}.
Uncertainty quantification in the design of wireless power transfer systems
Authors: Pei Yao , Pichon Lionel , Bensetti Mohamed , Le-Bihan Yann 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe paper addresses the uncertainty quantification of physical and geometrical material parameters in the design of wireless power transfer systems. For 3D complex systems, a standard Monte Carlo cannot be directly used to extract statistical quantities. So, surrogate models based on Kriging or polynomial chaos expansions are built to study the impact of variable parameters on the radiated magnetic field and efficiency. Such fast prediction of uncertainties in the parameters of the system can improve the design of inductive power transfer systems taking into account human exposure recommendations and variability of the parameters.
Acrylamide-encapsulated glucose oxidase inhibits breast cancer cell viability
Authors: Rrustemi Trëndelina , Gönül Geyik Öykü , Özkaya Ali Burak , Öztürk Taylan Kurtuluş , Yüce Zeynep , Kılınç Ali 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Cancer cells modulate metabolic pathways to ensure continuity of energy, macromolecules and redox- homeostasis. Although these vulnerabilities are often targeted individually, targeting all with an enzyme may prove a novel approach. However, therapeutic enzymes are prone to proteolytic degradation and neutralizing antibodies leading to a reduced half-life and effectiveness. We hypothesized that glucose oxidase (GOX) enzyme that catalyzes oxidation of glucose and production of hydrogen peroxide, may hit all these targets by depleting glucose; crippling anabolic pathways and producing reactive oxygen species (ROS); unbalancing redox homeostasis.

Methods
We encapsulated GOX in an acrylamide layer and then performed activity assays in denaturizing settings to determine protection provided by encapsulation. Afterwards, we tested the effects of encapsulated (enGOX) and free (fGOX) enzyme on MCF-7 breast cancer cells.

Results
GOX preserved 70% of its activity following encapsulation. When fGOX and enGOX treated with guanidinium chloride, fGOX lost approximately 72% of its activity, while enGOX only lost 30%. Both forms demonstrated remarkable resilience against degradation by proteinase K and inhibited viability of MCF-7 cells in an activity-dependent manner.

Conclusions
Encapsulation provided protection to GOX against denaturation without reducing its activity, which would prolong half-life of the enzyme when administered intravenously.
Elucidating structure–property relationships in imidazolium-based halide ionic liquids: crystal structures and thermal behavior
Authors: Richter Kai , Dorn Katharina V. , Smetana Volodymyr , Mudring Anja-Verena 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
A set of imidazolium-based ionic liquids (ILs), 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3-methylimidazolium chloride (1), 1,3-bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)-imidazolium chloride (2), and 1-butyl-2,3,4,5-tetramethylimidazolium bromide (3), has been synthesized and their structural and thermal behavior studied. Organic halides are well-known IL formers with imidazolium halides being the most prominent ones. Functionalization of the imidazolium cation by enhancing its hydrogen bonding capacity, i.e. through introduction of –OH groups or by diminishing it, i.e. through substitution of the ring hydrogen atoms by methyl groups is expected to change the inter-ionic interactions. Consequently, the solid-state structures of 1–3 have been characterized with means of single X-ray diffraction to shed light on preferential inter-ionic interactions for obtaining valuable information on anti-crystal engineering, i.e. designing ion combinations that favor a low melting point and exhibit a low tendency for crystallization. The study reveals that endowing IL forming ions with an enhanced hydrogen bonding capacity leads to a depression in melting points and kinetically hinders crystallization. This study provides hints towards new design concepts for IL design, similar to the common strategy of employing conformationally flexible ions.