bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alicyclobacillus– bacteria still not understood
Authors: Dąbrowska Justyna , Kunicka-Styczyńska Alina 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The genus Alicyclobacillus includes Gram-positive, Gram-negative or Gram-variable, acidothermophilic, endospore-forming bacteria, which have been isolated from various environments, mostly acidic and geothermal soils, hot springs, fruit surface and spoiled fruit juices. The members of the Alicyclobacillus genus are characterized by the presence of ω-alicyclic fatty acids (ω-cyclohexane or ω-cycloheptane), the iso and anteiso branched-chain fatty acids, and the hopanoids as the major membrane lipids. There are 23 known species and 2 subspecies, with Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris as the most significant. Certain species cause food spoilage in the fruit- and-vegetable juices industry. The spores of Alicyclobacillus are highly tolerant to high temperatures and low pH-values of fruit juices. What is more, they are naturally present on fruit surface and can readily enter the production environment of the fruit and vegetable processing. Due to high thermophilicity of these bacteria, the typical juice pasteurization conditions can stimulate spore germination. This is the reason why they can proliferate in juice and ipso facto cause fruit products spoilage. The family of Alicyclobacillaceae has continuously been modified and each successive year brings new species. Additionally, A. acidoterrestris is recognized as bacterium with a high evolution rate due to its rapid adaptation to changing environmental conditions.
1. Introduction. 2. Taxonomic identification of Alicyclobacillus and its systematic position. 3. The characteristic components of cell membranes and their functions. 4. Morphological and physiological characteristics. 5. Detection of Alicyclobacillus bacteria, 6. Summary
CURRENT CHALLENGES OF VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGICAL DIAGNOSTICS CONCERNING THE SUSCEPTIBILITY OF STAPHYLOCOCCI TO ANTIBIOTICS
Authors: Kizerwetter-Świda Magdalena , Chrobak-Chmiel Dorota , Rzewuska Magdalena 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Staphylococci belong to bacteria often isolated from clinical material obtained from animals. Unlike in human medicine, in veterinary, different species of coagulase-positive staphylococci are isolated from clinical specimens, and except Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, and other species are also often recognized. Recently, the taxonomy of staphylococci has been updated, therefore, now it is necessary to recognize the new species as well. Currently, coagulase-negative staphylococci are considered an important group of opportunistic pathogens. The accurate identification of species within the genus Staphylococcus is important because, according to the EUCAST and CLSI recommendations, the interpretation of the results of susceptibility testing for S. aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci is different. Furthermore, the resistance to methicillin in S. aureus strains is detected using a cefoxitin disk, whereas in the case of S. pseudintermedius– using an oxacillin disk. An important problem for veterinary microbiological laboratories is a limited number of unified guidelines on methodology and guidelines specifying the interpretation of the results of antibiotic susceptibility testing. The lack of available recommendations for some antibiotics testing results in the fact that veterinary laboratories often use the guidelines established for human pathogens. There is an urgent necessity for harmonization of methods and to develop guidelines for the interpretation of results of susceptibility testing for different bacteria, including various species of staphylococci from the individual animal host.
1. Introduction. 2. Problems with the identification of staphylococci isolated from animals. 3. Determination of susceptibility of staphylococci – traditional methods. 4. Alternative methods for determining the susceptibility of staphylococci. 5. Detection of staphylococcal resistance to methicillin. 6. Interpretation of the results of the susceptibility testing of veterinary pathogens. 7. Prevention of the antimicrobial resistance. 8. Summary
CHARACTERISTICS AND FUNCTIONS OF HYDROPHOBINS AND THEIR USE IN MANIFOLD INDUSTRIES
Authors: Tymiński Łukasz P. , Znajewska Zuzanna , Dąbrowska Grażyna B. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Hydrophobins are surface active proteins produced by filamentous fungi. They have a role in fungal growth and their life cycle. Although proteins with similar properties are being found in prokaryotic organisms as well. Hydrophobins are characterized by a specific arrangement of cysteine residues, which form four disulfide bridges in the amino acid sequence. This construction gives hydrophobins hydrophobic properties. These proteins are able to assemble spontaneously into amphipathic monolayers at hydrophobic-hydrophilic interfaces. The unique properties of hydrophobins make them more and more popular with regard to their potential application in industry. New ways of use hydrophobins in various branches of the economy are being developed. Hydrophobins are already widely used in the food industry, pharmaceutical industry, but also in molecular biology.
1. Introduction. 2. Classification of hydrophobins. 3. Structure of hydrophobin genes and proteins. 4. Formation of hydrophobin film. 5. Production, secretion and formation of hydrophobins in the natural environment. 6. Properties of hydrophobins. 7. The use of hydrophobins in various fields. 8. Manufacturing of hydrophobins. 9. Summary
A diagnostic dashboard to evaluate country water security
Authors: Doeffinger Tess , Borgomeo Edoardo , Young William J. , Sadoff Claudia , Hall Jim W. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
While water security is widely regarded as an issue of global significance and concern, there is not yet a consensus on a methodology for evaluating it. The difficulty in operationalizing the concept comes from its various interpretations and characteristics at different spatial and temporal scales. In this paper, we generate a dashboard comprised of 52 indicators to facilitate a rapid assessment of a country's water security and to focus the first step of a more comprehensive water security diagnostic assessment. We design the dashboard around a conceptualization of water security that builds upon existing framings and metrics. To illustrate its usefulness, we apply the dashboard to a case study of Pakistan and a regional cross-country comparative analysis. The dashboard provides a rapid view of the water security status, trends, strengths, and challenges for Pakistan. The cross-country comparative analysis tentatively identifies relationships between indicators such as water stress and the transboundary dependency ratio, with countries exhibiting high values in both variables being especially vulnerable to transboundary water risk. Overall, this dashboard (1) provides quantitative information on key water-related variables at the country level in a consistent manner and (2) helps to design and focus more in-depth water security diagnostic studies.
Study on the influence of ecological vegetation revetment on river flow and sediment environment
Authors: Yang Yanhua , Yang Shuqing , Wang Xin , Wang Chenyang , Wang Jianjun 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis paper studied the influence of vegetation cover on the river water flow environment and on sediment suspended load movement environment, closely combining the development and construction of new ecological water conservancy projects such as ecological embankments and ecological wetlands with ecological vegetation revetment cultivated on river bank slopes. The glass flume experiment was carried out in the vegetation-water flow-sediment environment. In the experiment, natural straight holly in the early growth stage was selected as the experimental vegetation, and erect type vegetation with uniform distribution of the upper and lower branches and leaves was simulated, and a total of 14 experimental groups were set in different combinations with fixed bed, movable bed, submerged and non-submerged conditions. The measured data of flow quantity, flow velocity and suspended load concentration were achieved in the experiment. The experimental results show that: (1) as to the influence of vegetation on the water flow environment, the vegetation canopy density directly affects the turbulent environment of the water flow, and the greater the density, the greater the disturbance to the water flow environment, and the flow velocity near the canopy will be decreased sharply; (2) in the fixed bed, under submerged conditions, the maximum turbulence intensity appears near z/h = 0.6; under non-submerged conditions, the turbulence intensity near the water surface is largest. In the movable bed, under submerged conditions, the maximum turbulence intensity reaches the maximum in the top and upper locations of the top of the plant, and the turbulence intensity reaches the maximum at the top of the plant under non-submerged conditions. (3) In terms of the influence of vegetation on the sediment suspended load movement environment, the concentration of suspended sediment decreases with the increase of plant height, the sediment content in the tail of the plant belt is reduced to some degree. When the relative water depth is z/h &gt; 0.5, almost no suspended sediment exists. And the sediment-retaining effect under non-submerged conditions is better than that under submerged conditions.
Nanoparticle-templated conversion of glucose to a high surface area biocarbon for the removal of organic pollutants in water
Authors: Barrera Luis A. , Escobosa Alma C. , Nevarez Aileen , Ahsan Md. Ariful , Alsaihati Laila S. , Noveron Juan C. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
While extensive work has been done on the generation of adsorbents by carbonization of large polymeric structures, few works are currently available for the use of monomeric carbon molecules as precursors during carbonization. In this work we report the formation of a carbon adsorbent material from the carbonization of glucose in the presence of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticle templates. Carbonization at 1,000 °C under inert atmosphere yields a product with Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area of 1,228.19 m2/g and 14.77 nm average pore diameter. Adsorption capacities against methylene blue, 2-naphthol and bisphenol-A at pH 7 were found to be 539 mg/g, 737 mg/g and 563 mg/g, respectively. Our material demonstrates a strong fit with the Langmuir isotherm, and adsorption kinetics show regression values near unity for the pseudo-second order kinetic model. A flow adsorption column was implemented for the remediation of tap water containing 20 mg/L methylene blue and found to quantitatively purify 11.5 L of contaminated water.
Preparation of a hydrophobically associated cationic polyacrylamide and its regulation of the sludge dewatering performance
Authors: Feng Xin , Deng Jinchuan , Wan Junjie , He Jinqiang , Huang Zhenjun , Yan Aoqi 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
A hydrophobically associating cationic polyacrylamide (HACPAM) was prepared by using a micellar polymerization method with V-50 (azobisisobutyramidine hydrochloride) as the initiator and acrylamide, acryloyloxyethyl trimethylammonium chloride and butyl methacrylate as substrates under ultraviolet light irradiation. Structural analysis using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, proton nuclear magnetic resonance and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses showed that the substrates were successfully polymerized. HACPAM was used to condition sludge to improve its dewatering performance, and the results showed that as the amount of HACPAM increases, the sludge dewatering performance is significantly improved, and 3.532 kg/t dry solids of HACPAM is regarded as the optimal amount. Compared with the commercially available cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM), HACPAM has a stronger hydrophobic group association effect, with better promotion of the conversion of bound water in sludge flocs into free water, thereby improving the sewage dewatering performance. The 3D spatial structure of dewatered sludge cakes analyzed by computed tomography technology showed that the number of pores of the dewatered sludge cake treated by HACPAM 3 was smaller than that of the cake treated by CPAM, with a reduction in the porosity of 68.8%, resulting in a better hydrophobic effect. In addition, the mechanism of HACPAM improving the dewatering performance is discussed.
Treatment of textile dyes using advanced oxidative and adsorptive processes individually and combined: study of the operational parameters, kinetic and adsorptive equilibrium
Authors: de Souza Emanuely José , Neves Naiana Santos da Cruz Santana , Gomes Rayssa Kelen de Mendonça , Santos Júnior Sérgio Gonzaga dos , Charamba Lívia Vieira Carlini , Campos Natália Ferreira , Napoleão Daniella Carla 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Advanced oxidative processes (AOP) have been consolidated as an efficient treatment technique to degrade persistent contaminants. In addition to them, biosorption also emerges as a technique capable of removing both pollutants and intermediate products generated by other treatments such as AOP. Thus, this work evaluated the degradation and removal of the mixture of dyes Direct Red 23 and Direct Red 227 in aqueous solution (50 mg·L−1 of each). Preliminary tests showed that the photo-Fenton system under sunlight radiation was the most efficient, reaching a degradation ≥93%. For the adsorptive process using chicken eggshell, preliminary tests indicated that the ideal dosage of adsorbent was 8.0 g·L−1. For this process, a factorial design indicated the best working conditions, which demonstrated from the system adjusted well to the Elovich (kinetic) model and to the Freundlich and Sips models (equilibrium). When associating the two processes, AOP followed by adsorption achieved a total degradation/removal of ≈98% (for all λ) in a time of 60 min. Thus, the feasibility of the combined treatment is indicated.
PENGARUH PEMBERDAYAAN ZAKAT DALAM MENINGKATKAN MODAL MANUSIA DAN KESEJAHTERAAN MASYARAKAT MISKIN
Authors: Sholeh Maimun 
Published: August 2020

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Modal manusia dan pemberdayaan terhadap kesejahteraan masyarakat miskin khususnya masyarakat miskin yang diberdayakan oleh lembaga zakat sehingga bisa dibuat strategi yang tepat untuk meningkatkan kesehteraan mereka. Penelitian ini merupakan studi eksplanatori dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan SEM (Structural Equation Model). Anggota sampel ditentukan dengan metode non-probability sampling khususnya dengan purposive sampling. Data dikumpulkan secara cross section dianalisis secara kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa baik modal manusia maupun pemberdayaan berpengaruh terhadap kesejahteraan masyarakat miskin khususnya masyarakat penerima pemberdayaan zakat. Abstract: This study aims to determine the effect of human capital and empowerment on the welfare of the poor, especially the poor, who are empowered by zakat institutions so that the right strategy can be made to improve their health. This research is a descriptive study conducted using the SEM (Structural Equation Model) approach. The sample members are determined by the non-probability sampling method, especially by purposive sampling. Data were collected by cross-section and analyzed quantitatively. The results showed that both human capital and empowerment affected the welfare of the poor, especially those who received zakat empowerment.
Validitas Aiken’s instrumen tes untuk mengukur reaktif agility olahraga khusus tenis meja
Authors: Tomoliyus Tomoliyus , Sunardianta R. 
Published: August 2020

Instrumen pengukuran reaktif agility sangat diperlukan oleh beberapa cabang olaharga termasuk tenis meja, tetapi kenyataan belum ada instrument pengukuran reaktif agility untuk olahraga tenis meja. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji validitas Aiken’s dan menguji reliabilitas antar rater instrumen pengukuran reaktif agility olaharaga khusus tenis meja. Metode research and development yang dipergunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu model 3D yang merupakan modifikasi model dari Thiagarajan yaitu Develop, dengan pendekatan campuran kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Partisipan adalah dokumen dan seoarang ahli. Pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik literature reviews dengan tipe narrative review, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan FGD dan teknik delphi. Instrumen penelitian menggunaka koesioner dengan skala rating 1 sampai 4. Analisis data menggunakan formula Aiken’s untuk uji konten validitas dan Cronbach's Alpha maupun intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) untuk uji reliabilitas antar rater. Hasil penelitian menunujukkan nilai koefisien Aiken’s V di atas 0,76, maka dapat dikatakan bahwa semua aspek valid. Selain itu, juga dihasilkan nilai Cronbach's Alpha dan ICC sebesar 0,875, maka dapat dikatakan bahwa instrument ini cukup andal. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa instrument pengukuran reaktif agility olahraga khusus tenis meja memiliki validitas Aiken cukup tinggi, dan reliabilitas antar rater cukup kuat. Aiken’s Validity of test instrument for measuring the reactive agility of table tennis AbstractThe reactive agility measurement instrument is strongly needed by several sports, including table tennis. Nevertheless, there has no reactive agility measurement instrument used in table tennis. This research is aimed at testing the Aiken’s validity and the inter-rater reliability of the reactive agility measurement instrument in table tennis. The research and development (R&D) method used in this study refers to the 3D model, which is a modification model from Thiagarajan, including Develop, using a mixed approach of qualitative and quantitative. The participants were documents and an expert. Data were collected using a literature review technique with a narrative review, then proceeded with FGD and Delphi technique. The research instrument used was a questionnaire with a rating scale of 1 to 4. Data were analyzed using Aiken’s formula to test the content validity and Cronbach’s Alpha as well as intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) to test the inter-rater reliability. The research result shows that the Aiken’s V coefficient value is above 0.76, indicating that all aspects are valid. Furthermore, Cronbach’s Alpha and ICC value are 0.875, indicating that the instrument is quite reliable. Therefore, it is concluded that the reactive agility measurement instrument for table tennis has a quite high Aiken validity and a quite strong inter-rater reliability.
Optimización de la prueba de tetrazolio para evaluar la viabilidad en semillas de Solanum lycopersicum L.
Authors: Salazar Mercado Seir Antonio , Botello Delgado Edinson Alexander , Quintero Caleño Jesús David 
Published: August 2020

El tomate (Solanum lycopersicum) es una de las hortalizas más consumidas en el mundo con un aumento en su demanda, por lo que conocer la viabilidad de sus semillas es de suma importancia, ya que estas son la base del éxito de su producción. Debido a esto, el presente estudio tuvo como objetivo optimizar la prueba de tetrazolio determinando el pretratamiento adecuado para potenciar la prueba. El material vegetal se recolectó de cultivos establecidos en el municipio del Cáchira, departamento de Norte de Santander, Colombia. Las semillas se extrajeron de los frutos maduros y, posteriormente, se expusieron a pretratramientos con hipoclorito de sodio y agua destilada durante 10 minutos, con tres concentraciones de 2, 3, 5- cloruro trifenil tetrazolio (0,25 %, 0,15 % y 0,10 %) y distintos tiempos de exposición (6 h, 12 h y 24 h). Los datos de viabilidad obtenidos se corroboraron mediante la prueba de germinación en toallas de papel húmedas. Los resultados de viabilidad más relacionados con la prueba de germinación se obtuvieron al emplear las concentraciones de 0,25 % y 0,15 %, utilizando tanto el pretratamiento con hipoclorito de sodio como la inmersión en agua destilada.
Effectiveness of Mobile Health Interventions Promoting Physical Activity and Lifestyle Interventions to Reduce Cardiovascular Risk Among Individuals With Metabolic Syndrome: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Sequi-Dominguez Irene , Alvarez-Bueno Celia , Martinez-Vizcaino Vicente , Fernandez-Rodriguez Rubén , del Saz Lara Alicia , Cavero-Redondo Iván 
Published: August 2020

Background
Physical activity and lifestyle interventions, such as a healthy diet, have been proven to be effective approaches to manage metabolic syndrome. However, these interventions require great commitment from patients and clinicians owing to their economic costs, time consumption, and lack of immediate results.

Objective
The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to analyze the effect of mobile-based health interventions for reducing cardiometabolic risk through the promotion of physical activity and healthy lifestyle behaviors.

Methods
PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and SPORTdiscus databases were searched for experimental studies evaluating cardiometabolic risk indicators among individuals with metabolic syndrome who were included in technology-assisted physical activity and lifestyle interventions. Effect sizes, pooled mean changes, and their respective 95% CIs were calculated using the DerSimonian and Laird method. Outcomes included the following clinical and biochemical parameters: body composition (waist circumference [WC] and BMI), blood pressure (systolic blood pressure [SBP] and diastolic blood pressure [DBP]), glucose tolerance (fasting plasma glucose [FPG] and glycated hemoglobin A1c [HbA1c]), and lipid profile (total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C], and triglycerides).

Results
A total of nine studies were included in the meta-analysis. Owing to the scarcity of studies, only pooled mean pre-post changes in the intervention groups were estimated. Significant mean changes were observed for BMI (−1.70 kg/m2, 95% CI −3.20 to −0.20; effect size: −0.46; P=.03), WC (−5.77 cm, 95% CI −9.76 to −1.77; effect size: −0.54; P=.005), SBP (−7.33 mmHg, 95% CI −13.25 to −1.42; effect size: −0.43; P=.02), DBP (−3.90 mmHg, 95% CI −7.70 to −0.11; effect size: −0.44; P=.04), FPG (−3.65 mg/dL, 95% CI −4.79 to −2.51; effect size: −0.39; P<.001), and HDL-C (4.19 mg/dL, 95% CI 2.43-5.95; effect size: 0.23; P<.001).

Conclusions
Overall, mobile-based health interventions aimed at promoting physical activity and healthy lifestyle changes had a strong positive effect on cardiometabolic risk indicators among individuals with metabolic syndrome. Nevertheless, further research is required to compare this approach with usual care in order to support the incorporation of these technologies in health systems.

Trial Registration
PROSPERO CRD42019125461; https://tinyurl.com/y3t4wog4.