bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spectral and energy efficiency tradeoff in optical code division multiple access networks
Authors: Pendeza Martinez Cristiane A. , Abrão Taufik 
Published: September 2020

AbstractA paradigm on the energy efficiency (EE) and spectral efficiency (SE) tradeoff named resource efficiency (RE) exploits the EE‐SE equilibrium, which is formulated as Pareto optimal set based on two objectives balancing power consumption against occupied bandwidth. In optical code division multiple access (OCDMA) networks, the EE‐SE tradeoff is discussed by formulating a multiobjective optimization problem, while solutions are compared by deploying the weighted sum (WS) and ‐Constraint (‐C) scalarization procedures combined with nonlinear programming methods. The generalized RE optimization problem with QoS guarantees for the OCDMA networks is formulated considering that such methods result in the same Pareto boundaries. Theoretical results demonstrate that the obtained numerical optimized solutions are efficient due to the multiobjective characteristics of the optimization problem. Also, considering the numerical tests performed, it is noteworthy that the ‐C procedure found a greater diversity of solutions inside the Pareto front when compared with the WS method.
Head and Neck Cancer and Social Media: The Patient Experience and Cancer Survivorship
Authors: Gao Rebecca W. , Smith Joshua D. , Malloy Kelly M. 
Published: September 2020

Objectives/HypothesisTo characterize the head and neck cancer patients' lived experiences with survivorship through Instagram and examine opportunities for health professionals to provide support and outreach specifically targeting these needs.Study DesignDescriptive observational study.MethodsWe analyzed key head and neck cancer–related hashtags by querying medical and layman terminology. The top English‐language posts for #headandneckcancer underwent further content examination using thematic analysis based in grounded theory for categorization for user engagement (determined by “likes” and comments), type of content, and category of the account that created the post. Of the survivorship posts by patients, the content of posts in top user accounts was further analyzed.ResultsThere were 11,600 Instagram posts on #headandneckcancer, 1,300 posts on #headandneckcancerawareness, 1,100 posts on #headandneckcancersurvivor, and several thousand posts for additional layman terms. The majority of posts were from patients (65%), with few from head and neck surgeons or medical organizations (26%). User engagement was primarily by nonmedical accounts (95%). Posts by patients discussed medical appointments and treatments (81%), managing treatment effects and symptoms (66%), and cancer screening and prevention (23%). Specific concerns included fatigue (53%), postsurgical cosmetic appearance (27%), and weight and nutrition (34%).ConclusionsOur study suggests that Instagram accounts can be intimate records of the patient experience, and gaining a better understanding of the daily experience of survivorship may be critical for head and neck surgeons and other oncology providers to provide truly comprehensive cancer care.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 131:E1214–E1219, 2021
Effect of Ti and Zr elements with equal mass ratio on microstructure and corrosion resistance of Zn‐11Al‐3Mg alloy
Authors: Zhang Mingming , Zhou Guorong , Sun Huijie , Teng Xinying , Zhao Zhenlu 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn this study, the effect of Ti and Zr elements with equal mass ratio on microstructure and corrosion resistance of Zn‐11Al‐3Mg alloy was investigated. The microstructure was significantly refined and Al‐rich phase transformed from dendrite to petal‐like with the addition of Zr and Ti elements, due to the Al3(TixZr1 − x) phase as the nucleation substrate. The corrosion resistance of Zn‐11Al‐3Mg‐x(Ti,Zr) alloy was effectively improved. Moreover, the corrosion products of Zn‐Al‐Mg alloy were not changed by the addition of Ti and Zr, which are mainly composed of Zn5(OH)8Cl2·H2O and Zn6Al2(OH)16CO3·4H2O.
Evaluation of the localized corrosion on Mg electrode surface by electrochemical noise technique
Authors: Naghizade Razieh , Hosseini Seyyed M. A. , Shahidi‐Zandi Mehdi , Saheb Vahid 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe symmetrical and asymmetrical electrodes made of Mg were studied in 0.1‐M NaCl electrolyte adjusted at pH 12. The statistical and wavelet methods were employed for analyzing the electrochemical current noise (ECN) signals. The asymmetric configuration was used for electrochemical detection of filiform corrosion on Mg electrode. The real time scale of the dominant transients of the asymmetric electrodes was detected on the basis of the maximum peak in the SDPS plots. The SDPS values of the real time scale crystals of the ECN signals resulting from asymmetrical electrodes increased with the increase in immersion time due to the onset of filiform corrosion.
Uncontactless detection of improvised explosives TATP realized by Au NCs tailored PPV flexible photoelectric Schottky sensor
Authors: Xie Guanshun , Lv Xiaorong , Zhang Peng , Liu Bingxin , Gao Li , Duan Junyuan , Ma Bin , Wu Zhaofeng 
Published: September 2020

AbstractTriacetone triperoxide (TATP) is widely used in terrorist attacks because of its simple synthesis but hard to be directly detected. Herein, polyphenylene vinylene (PPV) derivative with the vinyl group on the side chain is cross‐linked by Au nanoclusters (Au NCs) to construct flexible Schottky sensors to arrange the uncontactless detection of TATP vapor. Experiments and simulations show that Au NCs generate a strong electromagnetic field with collective coupling which can effectively promote the photoinduced electron‐hole separation of the PPV and detection sensitivity to TATP. The simple fingerprint patterns can discriminate TATP from 2,4,6‐trinitrotoluene (TNT), 2,4‐dinitrotoluene (DNT), p‐nitrotoluene
(PNT), picric acid (PA), Hexogen (RDX), and tetryl by pattern to recognize inherent kinetics and thermodynamics of interaction between the sensors and specimen. The electron transfers from Au NCs to PPV after the adsorption of TATP molecules as the electronegativity of TATP is smaller than that of Au NCs and which is obvious in electron donating effect. Therefore, Au acts as a hole trap and reduces the hole concentration as well as restricting the carrier transport. However, the oscillator strength of the charge transferred from Au NCs to PPV simulation indicates that the role of Au NCs change from the hole trap to electron trap after adsorption of other explosives. Furthermore, the flexibility and stability of the sensor films are also demonstrated in this paper which is of great significance for the practical application of flexible electronic devices with high performance.
Assessment of provider perspectives on otoprotection research for children and adolescents: A Children's Oncology Group Cancer Control and Supportive Care Committee survey
Authors: Orgel Etan , Freyer David R. , Ullrich Nicole J. , Hardy Kristina K. , Thomas Stefanie M. , Dvorak Christopher C. , Esbenshade Adam J. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundCisplatin‐induced hearing loss (CIHL) is a common and debilitating toxicity for childhood cancer survivors. Understanding provider perspectives is crucial to developing otoprotection studies that are both informative and feasible. Two international trials (ACCL0431 and SIOPEL6) investigated the drug sodium thiosulfate (STS) as an otoprotectant, but definitive interpretation of the findings of these trials has been challenging. Adoption of STS has therefore been uneven, and provider perspectives on its role are unknown.ProcedureThe Children's Oncology Group (COG) Cancer Control and Supportive Care Neurotoxicity Subcommittee therefore conducted a survey of providers at COG institutions to determine perspectives on pediatric otoprotection practices and research surrounding three major themes: (1) prevalence of routine use of STS with cisplatin‐based regimens, (2) application of audiometry to cisplatin therapy, and (3) preferred modalities for otoprotection research.ResultsSurvey respondents (45%, 44/98 surveyed institutions) were of diverse institutional sizes, practice settings, and geographical locations primarily in the United States and Canada. Overall, respondents considered CIHL an important toxicity and indicated strong enthusiasm for future studies (98%, 40/41). Results indicated that while STS was the current or planned standard of care in a minority of responding institutions (36%, 16/44), most sites were receptive to its inclusion in appropriate study designs. Application of audiometry for ototoxicity monitoring varied widely across sites. For otoprotection research, systemic agents were preferred (68%, 28/41) as compared with intratympanic approaches.ConclusionThese results suggest that pediatric otoprotection trials remain of interest to providers; the emphasis of these trials should remain on systemic and not intratympanic therapy.
Live‐cell RESOLFT nanoscopy of transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Schnorrenberg Sebastian , Ghareeb Hassan , Frahm Lars , Grotjohann Tim , Jensen Nickels , Teichmann Thomas , Hell Stefan W. , Lipka Volker , Jakobs Stefan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSubdiffraction super‐resolution fluorescence microscopy, or nanoscopy, has seen remarkable developments in the last two decades. Yet, for the visualization of plant cells, nanoscopy is still rarely used. In this study, we established RESOLFT nanoscopy on living green plant tissue. Live‐cell RESOLFT nanoscopy requires and utilizes comparatively low light doses and intensities to overcome the diffraction barrier. We generated a transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plant line expressing the reversibly switchable fluorescent protein rsEGFP2 fused to the mammalian microtubule‐associated protein 4 (MAP4) in order to ubiquitously label the microtubule cytoskeleton. We demonstrate the use of RESOLFT nanoscopy for extended time‐lapse imaging of cortical microtubules in Arabidopsis leaf discs. By combining our approach with fluorescence lifetime gating, we were able to acquire live‐cell RESOLFT images even close to chloroplasts, which exhibit very strong autofluorescence. The data demonstrate the feasibility of subdiffraction resolution imaging in transgenic plant material with minimal requirements for sample preparation.
Cyclopropanation of poly(isoprene) using NHC‐Cu(I) catalysts: Introducing carboxylates
Authors: Shinde Kshitij Sanjay , Michael Philipp , Rössle Michael , Thiele Sven , Binder Wolfgang H. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe incorporation of functional groups into unsaturated polyolefine‐polymers often represent a challenging task. Based on the known cyclopropanation of double bonds with diazoesters in the presence of metal‐catalysts of low molecular weight compounds, we in this article develop an approach to decorate the polymer backbone of poly(diene)s with ester as well as carboxylic groups via cyclopropanation. Therefore, predominantly cis‐1,4‐poly(isoprene)s are converted with ethyl or tert‐butyl diazoacetate using copper(I) N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) catalysts, while focusing on the technically relevant cyclohexane as solvent. The application of commercially available NHC‐Cu(I) catalysts results in modification degrees of 4–5%, while an increased solvent polarity, like dichloromethane, results in up to 17% modification. The resulting esters were further converted to the corresponding free carboxylic groups by deprotection using trifluoroacetic acid. Thus, an introduction of functional groups along the polymer backbone with a wide variety of application, like ionic interaction or hydrogen bonding motifs, was successfully demonstrated. Its potential for upscaling makes this approach feasible for an application in large‐scale production processes, such as for manufacturing of modified synthetic rubbers.
Real‐time fluorometric evaluation of hepatoblast proliferation in vivo and in vitro using the expression of CYP3A7 coding for human fetus‐specific P450
Authors: Okuyama Shota , Kawamura Fumihiko , Kubiura Musashi , Tsuji Saori , Osaki Mitsuhiko , Kugoh Hiroyuki , Oshimura Mitsuo , Kazuki Yasuhiro , Tada Masako 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe fields of drug discovery and regenerative medicine require large numbers of adult human primary hepatocytes. For this purpose, it is desirable to use hepatocyte‐like cells (HLCs) differentiated from human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs). Premature hepatoblast‐like cells (HB‐LCs) differentiated from PSCs provide an intermediate source and steady supply of newly mature HLCs. To develop an efficient HB‐LC induction method, we constructed a red fluorescent reporter, CYP3A7R, in which DsRed is placed under the transcriptional control of CYP3A7 coding for a human fetus‐type P450 enzyme. Before using this reporter in human cells, we created transgenic mice using mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) carrying a CYP3A7R transgene and confirmed that CYP3A7R was specifically expressed in fetal and newborn livers and reactivated in the adult liver in response to hepatic regeneration. Moreover, we optimized the induction procedure of HB‐LCs from transgenic mouse ESCs using semi‐quantitative fluorometric evaluation. Activation of Wnt signaling together with chromatin modulation prior to Activin A treatment greatly improved the induction efficiency of HB‐LCs. BMP2 and 1.7% dimethyl sulfoxide induced selective proliferation of HB‐LCs, which matured to HLCs. Therefore, CYP3A7R will provide a fluorometric evaluation system for high content screening of chemicals that induce HB‐LC differentiation, hepatocyte regeneration, and hepatotoxicity when it is introduced into human PSCs.
Non-minimal tinges of Unimodular Gravity
Authors: Herrero-Valea Mario , Santos-Garcia Raquel 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Unimodular Gravity is normally assumed to be equivalent to General Relativity for all matters but the character of the Cosmological Constant. Here we discuss this equivalence in the presence of a non-minimally coupled scalar field. We show that when we consider gravitation to be dynamical in a QFT sense, quantum corrections can distinguish both theories if the non-minimal coupling is non-vanishing. In order to show this, we construct a path integral formulation of Unimodular Gravity, fixing the complicated gauge invariance of the theory and computing all one-loop divergences. We find a combination of the couplings in the Lagrangian to which we can assign a physical meaning. It tells whether quantum gravitational phenomena can be ignored or not at a given energy scale. Its renormalization group flow differs depending on if it is computed in General Relativity or Unimodular Gravity.
Fracture strength of non-invasively reinforced MOD cavities on endodontically treated teeth
Authors: Daher René , Ardu Stefano , Di Bella Enrico , Rocca Giovanni T. , Feilzer Albert J. , Krejci Ivo 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this in-vitro study was to evaluate the fracture resistance and failure mode of non-invasively reinforced endodontically treated mandibular molars. Sixty freshly extracted defect-free mandibular molars were divided into four experimental groups with extensive MOD cavities on endodontically treated teeth with different restoration types and one control group with intact teeth (n  = 12). The groups were as follows: “Normal”: direct resin composite; “Ring”: glass fiber-reinforced strip (Dentapreg) wrapped around buccal and lingual walls followed by direct resin composite; “Inlay”: indirect CAD/CAM resin composite inlay; “Onlay”: indirect CAD/CAM resin composite onlay; “Intact”: Intact teeth (Control). Tetric EvoCeram and Adhese Universal (Ivoclar Vivadent) were used for direct restorations and Tetric CAD (Ivoclar Vivadent) adhesively luted with Adhese Universal and Variolink Esthetic LC (Ivoclar Vivadent) were used for indirect restorations. All teeth were submitted to thermo-mechanical cyclic loading. All samples were then submitted to a compressive load until fracture. Fracture load was noted and teeth were analyzed to classify the failure mode as either catastrophic (C) or non-catastrophic (NC). No statistically significant difference was found between fracture strength of the five groups when all specimens were considered (p = 0.1461). Intact group showed the lowest percentage of catastrophic failures (41.67%). Ring group presents less catastrophic failures (75%) than Normal group (83.34%), and failures of indirect restorations—Inlay and Onlay—were almost all catastrophic (91.67% and 100%, respectively).
Gimme Shelter: differential utilisation and propagule creation of invasive macrophytes by native caddisfly larvae
Authors: Crane Kate , Cuthbert Ross N. , Ricciardi Anthony , Kregting Louise , Coughlan Neil E. , MacIsaac Hugh J. , Reid Neil , Dick Jaimie T. A. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn aquatic systems, invasive submerged macrophytes considerably alter the structure and functioning of communities, thus potentially compromising ecosystem services. The prolific spread of invasive macrophytes is often aided by vegetative fragment propagation, yet the contributions of various commonly occurring invertebrates to such fragmentation are often unquantified. In the present study, we examine fragmentary spread of invasive macrophytes by a group of shredder-herbivores, larval caddisflies. Through novel application of the comparative functional response (FR; resource use as a function of density) approach to the native case-building speciesLimnephilus lunatus, we compared utilisation of non-native waterweedsElodea canadensisandE. nuttalliiin mono- and polycultures. Furthermore, we quantified de-cased and cased caddisfly-induced fragment production and length changes among non-nativeE. canadensis,E. nuttallii,Crassula helmsiiandLagarosiphon majorunder two different plant orientations: horizontal (floating) versus vertical (upright) growth forms. Larval caddisflies exhibited Type II (hyperbolic) FRs towards bothElodeaspecies, and utilised each plant at similar rates when plants were provided separately. When plant species were presented in combination horizontally,E. canadensiswas significantly less utilised compared toE. nuttallii, corroborating observations in the field. De-cased larvae produced new plant fragments for all four aquatic macrophytes, whereas cased larvae fragmented plants significantly less.Elodea nuttaliiandC. helmsiiwere fragmented the most overall.Crassula helmsiiwas utilised to the greatest extent when plants were horizontally orientated, andElodeaspecies when vertically orientated. This study identifies and quantifies a mechanism from a novel species group that may contribute to the spread of invasive macrophytes in aquatic systems. Whilst exploititative interactions are thought to impede invasion success, here we demonstrate how resource utilisation by a resident species may exacerbate propagule pressure from an invasive species.
The Natural Stories corpus: a reading-time corpus of English texts containing rare syntactic constructions
Authors: Futrell Richard , Gibson Edward , Tily Harry J. , Blank Idan , Vishnevetsky Anastasia , Piantadosi Steven T. , Fedorenko Evelina 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIt is now a common practice to compare models of human language processing by comparing how well they predict behavioral and neural measures of processing difficulty, such as reading times, on corpora of rich naturalistic linguistic materials. However, many of these corpora, which are based on naturally-occurring text, do not contain many of the low-frequency syntactic constructions that are often required to distinguish between processing theories. Here we describe a new corpus consisting of English texts edited to contain many low-frequency syntactic constructions while still sounding fluent to native speakers. The corpus is annotated with hand-corrected Penn Treebank-style parse trees and includes self-paced reading time data and aligned audio recordings. We give an overview of the content of the corpus, review recent work using the corpus, and release the data.
A Comparison of Variations of Prompt Delay During Instruction on an Expressive Labeling Task
Authors: O’Neill Sean J. , McDowell Claire , Leslie Julian C. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractVariations in prompt delay procedures are used in discrete-trial training to reduce the occurrence of errors before task mastery. However, the variations are seldom compared systematically. Using an adapted alternating treatments design, the present study compared progressive prompt delay with 2-s or 5-s constant prompt delay, on the acquisition of an expressive labeling task in four participants with autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disability. While all three prompt delay methods led to mastery of the tasks, albeit only when the tasks were simplified for one participant, progressive prompt delay generally proved the most efficient method on several measures, including lower error rates. This is consistent with the nature of the progressive prompt delay procedure which allows less time for errors to occur early in training. It is provisionally concluded that selection of progressive prompt delay is supported as a wise first choice option for clinicians, as a history of high error rates may impair later learning.
Water perturbed by cellophane: comparison of its physicochemical properties with those of water perturbed with cotton wool or Nafion
Authors: Elia Vittorio , Napoli Elena , Germano Roberto , Roviello Valentina , Oliva Rosario , Niccoli Marcella , Amoresano Angela , Toscanesi Maria , Trifuoggi Marco , Fabozzi Antonio , Yinnon Tamar A. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe present experimental data on water repetitively brought in contact with cellophane. Although this hydrophilic polymer is insoluble in water, repetitively immersing it in water changes the liquid’s properties. We compare the physicochemical properties of the water left over after removing the cellophane to those of previously published data on water repetitively brought in contact with other in water insoluble polymers (cotton wool or Nafion). Some of the properties are similar. All the properties considerably differ from those of the Milli-Q® water used. On lyophilizing these waters, solid residues remain. The residues are soluble in water. The chemical nature of the residues differs from that of the perturbing polymers.