bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An FE Based Surrogate Model for Predicting the Impact of a SMA Twist System on the Helicopter Performance
Authors: Ameduri Salvatore , Concilio Antonio , Majeti Rohin Kumar 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This work focuses on a surrogate predictive model, conceived to estimate the impact on blade twist law of a Shape Memory Alloy actuation system.
The basic idea is to integrate the pre-existing blade structure with a pre-twisted SMA tube. Due to the specific property of recovering deformation during phase transition, the SMA element can transmit angular deformations and alter the original twist to improve performance when required.
The model includes two main modules. The first one targets the SMA actuator and simulates the transmission of twist against some critical parameters (tube extension and location along the blade span and level of activation). The second module receives as input the modified twist law and the updated mechanical features due to the SMA and gives in output an estimate of the performance produced by the system.
After an overview on input and output parameters and their cross link, a description of the SMA predicting core is provided. A parameterization is then organized to illustrate the impact of the morphing system onto the blade and on the twist law. On this basis, an additional parameterization is implemented, now focusing on the effects on performance of the proposed system.
Surface Bonding Graphene-Based Elastomeric Sensor: Preliminary Characterization of Adhesion Strength
Authors: Ameduri Salvatore , Ciminello Monica 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This research intends to propose a structural integration methodology for a strain sensor based on nano-filled elastomer and its preliminary bonding strength characterization.
To provide a good strength adhesion onto a structural component, a special mould was designed, made of Acrilonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) material and realised with a 3D printing. This specific texture provided the lower surface of the elastomer (PDMS-matrix) with a special micro voids allowing for the adhesive penetration.
The electrodes were made by simple conductive paste. To have a chemically compliant coupling between the elastomer and this paste, an off-the-shelf cheap neutral silicone was used. This paste was then made conductive by adding a low-cost graphite powder, obtained from a pencil lead.
The test was realized with an aluminium beam in cantilever configuration. The load were applied at the free edge by means of calibrated masses of increasing weights. For each mass, the values of tip displacement and the resistance provided by the nano-filled elastomer and a reference strain gauge were logged for a set of 10 cycles. Obtained data clearly revealed that, all sensors exhibit coherent readouts with respect to the reference strain gauges and a quasi linear sensitivity curve in the whole range.
Continuous Operating Elastocaloric Heating and Cooling Device: Air Flow Investigation and Experimental Parameter Study
Authors: Kirsch Susanne-Marie , Welsch Felix , Ehl Lukas , Michaelis Nicolas , Motzki Paul , Schütze Andreas , Seelecke Stefan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Elastocaloric cooling uses solid-state NiTi-based shape memory alloy (SMA) as a non-volatile cooling medium and enables a novel environment-friendly cooling technology without global warming potential. Due to the high specific latent heats activated by mechanical loading/unloading, large temperature changes can be generated in the material. Accompanied by a small required work input, a high coefficient of performance is achievable.
Recently, a fully-functional and illustrative continuous operating elastocaloric fluid cooling system based on SMA is developed and realized, using a novel mechanical concept for individual loading and unloading of multiple SMA wire bundles. The fluid-based heat transfer system is designed for efficient heat exchange between the stationary heat source/sink and the SMA elements, operates without any additional heat transfer medium. Rotation frequency and fluid flow-rate are adjustable during operation, which allows adapting the operation point to power- or efficiency-optimized demands.
The versatile placement of the in- and outlets allows different duct lengths and counter-flow or parallel-flow experiments. To investigate the air flow parameters at the in- and outlets, as well as the crossflow between the hot and cold side, a measurement system is developed and integrated. In this contribution, the first measurement results of the output temperatures for inlet air flow variation in combination with different rotation frequencies are presented.
Production and Characterization of a Fully 3D Printed Flexible Bellows Actuator
Authors: Costas Alfonso , Newell Brittany , Garcia Jose 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Additive manufacturing is an enabling technology that is rapidly advancing with the development of new printers, materials, and processes. The purpose of this research was to design a part that could function similar to a pneumatic piston-cylinder producing small force outputs between 5 and 10 N. The research presented in this paper looks at various types of 3D printing methods to produce flexible linear bellows actuators to achieve this functionality. In particular, stereolithography, fused deposition modeling, digital light processing, and Polyjet printing were examined to produce a variety of test actuators. A successful flexible part was designed and produced using Polyjet printing, the steady state and dynamic responses of constructed actuators were measured and characterized at various loading conditions. The displacement trends at different load conditions followed a non-linear path, exhibiting highly elastic deformation typical of the flexible resins used in this project.
Self-Sensing Composite Materials With Intelligent Fabrics
Authors: Fabriani Federico , Lanzara Giulia 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The excellent piezoelectric properties of Polyvinyl Fluoride (PVDF), its low cost, ease of workability and high chemical resistance, make it very useful to develop sensing devices for structural health monitoring applications (SHM). However, challenges occur when the devices need to be embedded into a hosting material or structure which could instead be damaged.
In this study, the PVDF device is transformed into an ultralight and porous piezoelectric mat formed by ultra-long and randomly distributed micro fibers. The piezoelectric mat is embedded into a glass fiber (GF) composite by intercalating it with the GF layers during the lay-up process. This approach allows the realization of an intelligent composite that is capable to self-monitor its strain or vibrations during inservice life.
Design and Manufacturing of a Multi-Stable Selectively Stiff Morphing Section Demonstrator
Authors: Boston D. Matthew , Rivas-Padilla Jose R. , Arrieta Andres F. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Morphing wings offer potential efficiency and performance benefits for aircraft fulfilling multiple mission requirements. However, the design of shape adaptable wings is limited by the inherent design trade-offs of weight, aerodynamic control authority, and load-carrying capacity. A potential solution to this trilemma is proposed by exploiting the stiffness adaptability of thin, curved structures which geometric instability results in two statically stable states. We design and manufacture a morphing wing section demonstrator composed of two compliant 3D printed ribs monolithically embedded with the proposed bi-stable elements. The demonstrator’s structural response is numerically modelled and compared with experimental results from a static loading test. A deflection field of the response under mechanical actuation is obtained through digital image correlation. Numerical and experimental results indicate the capability of the wing section to achieve four distinct stable configurations with varying global stiffness behavior.
Silicone Material With Enhanced Permittivity Used for Dielectric Elastomer Transducers
Authors: Çabuk Ozan , Maas Jürgen 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Silicone materials are very appropriate for dielectric elastomer (DE) transducer applications due to their distinguished mechanical and electrical characteristics like high elasticity and an efficient electromechanical behavior. Since the material parameter permittivity influences significantly the work output, Wacker Chemie AG developed a new silicone named ELASTOSIL® Film 5030 with increased permittivity for improving the work output. Within this contribution, the mechanical characteristics including the hyperelasticity and electromechanically coupled behavior is compared to standard silicone material ELASTOSIL® Film 2030 from Wacker Young’s modulus of both materials are obtained conducting tensile tests, while the electromechanical behavior is characterized by investigating a planar single layer DE transducer. The new material has a similar Young’s modulus compared to the standard material. Furthermore, the electrically actuated deformation of the planar single layer DE transducers made form new silicone is proportional larger to its permittivity and inversely proportional to its Young’s modulus under same electrical field applied.
Factors That Influence Participation in Classroom-Based Physical Activity Breaks in Head Start Preschoolers
Authors: Webster E. Kipling , Robinson Leah E. , Wadsworth Danielle D. 
Published: December 2019

Background: Activity breaks are an established way physical activity may be incorporated into the preschool day. The purpose of this study was to examine what factors influenced moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) during a teacher-implemented classroom-based activity break (CBAB) in a Head Start population.Methods: Ten-minute CBAB was conducted over 2 days in a quasi-experimental design; 99 preschoolers (mean age 3.80 [0.65] y; 49.5% male) from a convenience sample participated. Accelerometers measured MVPA, fundamental motor skill competency was assessed using the Test of Gross Motor Development—second edition, and weight classification status used body mass index percentiles.Results: A significant, moderate regression was found (r = .328,P = .001) between fundamental motor skill and MVPA. There was no significant correlation between body mass index percentile and MVPA during the CBAB. In addition, the locomotor subscale was the best predictor for MVPA for children during the CBAB (r = .32,β = 0.82,P < .001).Conclusions: CBAB equally elicited MVPA for normal and overweight preschoolers. Fundamental motor skill competency was associated with MVPA during the CBAB; in particular, locomotor skills were the best predictor for physical activity. Structured activity opportunities that focus on locomotor skills may be a useful integration to prompt more MVPA in a preschool-age population.
Impact of metoprolol standard dosing pathway in Chinese patients with acute coronary syndrome: protocol for a multicentre prospective study
Authors: Li Dandan , Dong Wei , Liu Yuqi , Wang Jingjing , Mu Yang , Zhou Hao , Wang Jing , Zhou Shanshan , Chen Yundai 
Published: December 2019

IntroductionMetoprolol is the most frequently used β-receptor blockers; however, the prescribed dose in China is far less than the recommended doses in the guidelines. Based on the Chinese and International guidelines and the Chinese clinical practice, we are conducting this study (NCT03413410) to test the feasibility and tolerability of the metoprolol optimal dosing pathway by observing the percentage of patients achieving target dose in Chinese acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients during hospitalisation.Methods and analysisA total of about 1000 patients aged ≥18 years, hospitalised for ACS will be enrolled from ~15 hospital sites in China between February 2018 and April 2019. The percentage of patients achieving the target metoprolol dosage at discharge is the primary endpoint. The secondary endpoints included the following: mean heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) of the patients who have achieved target dose at discharge and during the follow-up period, percentage of patients experiencing bradycardia (HR <50 beats/min), hypotension (BP <90/60 mm Hg) and drug-related temporary heart failure worsening during hospitalisation and 1 month after discharge, respectively. We will also assess the proportion of patients reporting metoprolol-related adverse events and the leading causes for metoprolol discontinuation.Ethics and disseminationThe study protocol has been approved by the Ethics committee of the Chinese PLA General Hospital (number: S2017-112-01). Study findings will be disseminated through presentations at national and international conferences and submitted for publications in peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numberClinicalTrials.gov registry (NCT03413410).
Opt-out screening for HIV, hepatitis B and hepatitis C: observational study of screening acceptance, yield and treatment outcomes
Authors: Grant Conor , O'Connell Sarah , Lillis Darren , Moriarty Anne , Fitzgerald Ian , Dalby Linda , Bannan Ciaran , Tuite Helen , Crowley Brendan , Plunkett Patrick , Kennedy Una , McMahon Geraldine , McKiernan Susan , Norris Suzanne , Hughes Gerard , Shields Darragh , Bergin Colm 
Published: December 2019

BackgroundWe initiated an emergency department (ED) opt-out screening programme for HIV, hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) at our hospital in Dublin, Ireland. The objective of this study was to determine screening acceptance, yield and the impact on follow-up care.MethodsFrom July 2015 through June 2018, ED patients who underwent phlebotomy and could consent to testing were tested for HIV, HBV and HCV using an opt-out approach. We examined acceptance of screening, linkage to care, treatment and viral suppression using screening programme data and electronic health records. The duration of follow-up ranged from 1 to 36 months.ResultsOver the 36-month study period, there were 140 550 ED patient visits, of whom 88 854 (63.2%, 95% CI 63.0% to 63.5%) underwent phlebotomy and 54 817 (61.7%, 95% CI 61.4% to 62.0%) accepted screening for HIV, HBV and HCV, representing 41 535 individual patients. 2202 of these patients had a positive test result. Of these, 267 (12.1%, 95% CI 10.8% to 13.6%) were newly diagnosed with an infection and 1762 (80.0%, 95% CI 78.3% to 81.7%) had known diagnoses. There were 38 new HIV, 47 new HBV and 182 new HCV diagnoses. 81.5% (95% CI 74.9% to 87.0%) of known patients who were not linked were relinked to care after screening. Of the new diagnoses, 86.2% (95% CI 80.4 to 90.8%) were linked to care.ConclusionAlthough high proportions of patients had known diagnoses, our programme was able to identify many new infected patients and link them to care, as well as relink patients with known diagnoses who had been lost to follow-up.
Investigating and treating chronic diarrhoea in dogs
Authors: Walker Joshua , McMahon Lucy 
Published: December 2019

Background: Diarrhoea is a common complaint in dogs and may cause significant patient morbidity and owner distress. It can be a clinical manifestation of gastrointestinal disorders (primary enteropathy) or non‐gastrointestinal disorders (secondary enteropathy) and may often be accompanied by other clinical signs such as vomiting, weight loss and changes in appetite. Diarrhoea is considered to be chronic if it lasts more than three weeks or is seen intermittently over a period of one month or more. Effective treatment of chronic diarrhoea benefits from the identification of the underlying disease process.Aim of the article: This article discusses the investigation, treatment and major causes of chronic diarrhoea in dogs, with a focus on primary enteropathies.
Blood pressure reduction and outcome after endovascular therapy with successful reperfusion: a multicenter study
Authors: Anadani Mohammad , Arthur Adam S , Alawieh Ali , Orabi Yser , Alexandrov Andrei , Goyal Nitin , Psychogios Marios-Nikos , Maier Ilko , Kim Joon-tae , Keyrouz Saleh G , de Havenon Adam , Petersen Nils H , Pandhi Abhi , Swisher Christa B , Inamullah Ovais , Liman Jan , Kodali Sreeja , Giles James A , Allen Michelle , Wolfe Stacey Q , Tsivgoulis Georgios , Cagle Bradley A , Oravec Chesney S , Gory Benjamin , De Marini Pierre , Kan Peter , Rahman Shareena , Richard Sébastien , Nascimento Fábio A , Spiotta Alejandro 
Published: December 2019

BackgroundElevated systolic blood pressure (SBP) after mechanical thrombectomy (MT) correlates with worse outcome. However, the association between SBP reduction (SBPr) and outcome after successful reperfusion with MT is not well established.ObjectiveTo investigate the association between SBPr in the first 24 hours after successful reperfusion and the functional and safety outcomes of MT.MethodsA multicenter retrospective study, which included 10 comprehensive stroke centers, was carried out. Patients with acute ischemic stroke and anterior circulation large vessel occlusions who achieved successful reperfusion via MT were included. SBPr was calculated using the formula 100×([admission SBP−mean SBP]/admission SBP). Poor outcome was defined as a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score of 3–6 at 90 days. Safety endpoints included symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage, mortality, and requirement for hemicraniectomy during admission. A generalized mixed linear model was used to study the association between SBPr and outcomes.ResultsA total of 1361 patients were included in the final analysis. SBPr as a continuous variable was inversely associated with poor outcome (OR=0.97; 95% CI 0.95 to 0.98; p<0.001) but not with the safety outcomes. Subanalysis based on reperfusion status showed that SBPr was associated with lower odds of poor outcome only in patients with complete reperfusion (modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction (mTICI 3)) but not in patients with incomplete reperfusion (mTICI 2b). When SBPr was divided into categories (<1%, 1%–10%, 11%–20%, >20%), the rate of poor outcome was highest in the first group.ConclusionSBPr in the first 24 hours after successful reperfusion was inversely associated with poor outcome. No association between SBPr and safety outcome was found.
The UNESCO–IUGS International Geoscience Programme (IGCP) in the service of society since 1972
Authors: Heirman K. , Adiyaman Lopes O. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Developing an advanced understanding of the Earth's fundamental processes and resources is essential to fulfil the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. The International Geoscience Programme (IGCP) is the oldest and most successful example of scientific co-operation between a non-governmental organization, the International Union of Geological Sciences (IUGS), and an intergovernmental organization, UNESCO. During almost 50 years, this programme has been the gateway to successful scientific careers in pioneering research for thousands of IGCP project scientists.
After almost 50 years of evaluating IGCP projects, the programme itself was evaluated through statistical analysis of the annual progress report during four periods: 1981–82, 1991–92, 2001–02 and 2011–12. Subsequently, these trends were compared to the trends of the last four years (2015–18). This study provided insight into trends and changes in the location of studies, participating countries, involvement of developing countries, gender equality, etc. To fully understand the added value of the IGCP brand identity and its seed funding, project leaders over a period of five years (2008–12) were asked to complete a survey about its work.
Overall, both studies confirmed the value of the main aim of the IGCP: enabling and facilitating international collaboration between Earth scientists. Even though IGCP funding has been reduced, the IGCP brand still opens doors to new collaborators, new research and national funding agencies, often impacting the career of the involved researchers very positively.
Harnessing the Granularity of Micro-Electrode-Dot-Array Architectures for Optimizing Droplet Routing in Biochips
Authors: Roy Pushpita , Banerjee Ansuman , Wille Robert , Bhattacharya Bhargab B. 
Published: December 2019

In this article, we consider the problem of droplet routing for Microelectrode-Dot-Array (MEDA) biochips. MEDA biochips today provide a host of useful features for droplet movement by making it possible to manoeuvre droplets at a much finer granularity and with significantly increased flexibility. More precisely, MEDA biochips support more degrees of freedom in navigation and volumetric manipulation such as diagonal movement, droplet reshaping, and fractional-level split-and-merge. This helps improve routing of droplets on microfluidic grids—in particular, when the space available on the grid is limited or blocked by obstacles. In this work, we discuss how these improved capabilities can be utilized in the realization of the desired routes on those biochips. To this end, we introduce a routing method that utilizes satisfiability solvers and guarantees the generation of optimal solutions, considering the set of MEDA operations we model. This significantly improves the state of the art, since previously proposed solutions either (1) relied on heuristics and, hence, were not able to guarantee the optimum or (2) only considered a subset of the MEDA features. The solution proposed in this work includes a formulation of
all
MEDA features, which, as illustrated by examples, allows for the determination of routing solutions with smaller completion times. Experimental evaluations confirm these findings.
Redundancy with Processor Sharing servers
Authors: Anton Elene , Ayesta Urtzi , Jonckheere Matthieu , Verloop Ina Maria 
Published: December 2019

The main motivation to investigate redundancy models comes from empirical evidence suggesting that redundancy can help improve the performance of real-world applications. Under redundancy, a job that arrives to this system is dispatched to d servers uniformly chosen at random in order to benefit from the variability of the length of these queues. As soon as one of the copies finishes service, the job (and its copies) is removed from the system, and as a consequence, a job's delay is given by the minimum delay among the servers its copies are sent to.
Most of the literature on performance evaluation of redundancy systems has been carried out when First Come First Served (FCFS) is implemented in the servers. In particular, for exponential service time distributions, Gardner et al. [4, 5] and Bonald and Comte [2] show that the stability region is not reduced due to adding redundant copies. In this extended abstract, we focus instead on Processor Sharing (PS) service policy and study how redundancy impacts the stability condition. In particular, we aim to study the impact that the correlation structure of the copies has on the performance of the redundancy-d model. In a recent paper, Gardner et al. [3] showed that the assumption of independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) copies, can be unrealistic, and that it might lead to theoretical results that do not reflect the results of replication schemes in real-life computer systems. We consider the two extreme cases of correlation; (i) the copies are i.i.d. (ii) the copies of a job are exact replicas (identical copies). We observe that the stability condition strongly depends on the correlation structure, as well as on the number of redundant copies.