bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Children self-reports and Parent proxy reports of physical activity and sedentary behaviour
Authors: Sumonja S , Jevtic M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Aim of this study was to determine agreement between parent proxy reports and children self-reports of physical activities and sedentary behaviour.

Methods
The sample included 7-10 year-old children and their parents (n = 188) in a local community in Northern Serbia. Data were collected by questionnaires designed to assess context-specific measures of children’s physical activity (outside play, organized sports) and sedentary behavior (TV viewing, using computer, playing electronic games). Children and their parents completed questionnaires separately. Agreement between children’s and parent`s responses was calculated with Cohen’s kappa. Differences in parent`s and children`s responses in relation to gender, grade and BMI were analyzed using χ2 test. Values p &lt; 0.05 were considered statistically significant.

Results
Level of agreement between parents’ and children’s reports ranged from poor for variable TV viewing before going to school (κ = 0.21; p = 0.04) to substantial for variable physical activity before going to school (κ = 0.74; p = 0.00). Girls were more likely than boys to agree with parents about time spent playing on the computer after school (χ2=11.23;p=0.01). Overweight and obese children tended to report more time in TV viewing than their parents (χ2=26.4;p=0.01).

Conclusions
There are differences in reports of physical activities and sedentary behaviour between 7 to 10 year-old children and their parents The lowest level of agreement found for variable TV viewing indicates low awareness and control of this screen-based sedentary behaviour.

Key messages
Differences in parents’ and children’s reports of children’s physical activities and sedentary behaviour are confirmed. It should be taken into consideration in studies which use self-reports or proxy reports for assessing children’s physical activities and sedentary behaviour.
Health literacy and physical activity as buffers to counter act work related stress
Authors: Saboga-Nunes L , Guerra R , Madaleno P , Santos T 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Stress health problems affect 47.8% of the work force in Portugal. It is predicted that, in the next decade, these problems will overcome musculoskeletal disorders, the first cause of employee’s withdrawal from work. Research indicates connections between stress and dimensions of the work place (like job satisfaction). Nevertheless the conceptual understanding of these relationships is sparse. In order to better understand these relationships, this research focus on the use of job–specific models of stress, associating them with health literacy (HL) - in the context of the European Health Literacy Survey framework (HLS-EU) - and physical exercise.

Methods
A total of 748 participants from the different offices of a company in the financial sector (Portugal, main land and autonomous territories) participated in a cross sectional survey (CAWI). Age ranged from 25 to 65 years and HL was measured using the HLS-EU instrument validated to Portuguese (HLS-EU-PT). Each participant was allocated to one of the groups, either of satisfactory HL (when scores ≥30) or insufficient HL (when scores &lt;30).

Results
Out of the 748 participants (58.7% males, average age of 39 years), 80.4% sometimes and very often experience stress and tension in the workplace. Less than one in every two (44.4%) practice physical activity several times a week. Of the participants, 7.1% have inadequate, 39.0% problematic, 36.6% sufficient and 17.3% excellent HL (HLS-EU-PT). Employees that are more active are those who experience lower levels of stress.

Conclusions
The research of the effects of HL combined with physical exercise, as buffer variables to problems related to the effects of work stress, is a new area of research that may help understand patterns of adherence to activities that can help workers deal with everyday working conditions. More research is needed to integrate HL strategies in the work place.

Key messages
Stress health problems affect 47.8% of the work force in Portugal. Employees that are more active are those who experience lower levels of stress.
Importance of Health literacy in magnesium supplementation - Case study Novi Sad, Serbia
Authors: Gajic J , Dimovski D , Vukajlovic B , Jevtic M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Currently the market offers wide range of magnesium dietary supplements that vary either in their pharmaceutical dosage form (capsules, tablets, direct form, effervescences etc.), magnesium compound present (magnesium oxide, - chloride, -citrate,- bisglycinate, -acetyltaurinate etc.) their dosage (ranging from 150 to 400mg) or other vitamins and minerals present (vitamin B complex, vitamin C, zinc, manganese etc). Since the public can now choose to buy dietary supplements not only from pharmacies and specialized stores but from places such as supermarkets, cosmetic shops or even markets it is important to educate the public and help them make healthier choices.

Objectives
While providing primary health care services in public pharmacy, overall choices and reasons for buying magnesium supplements were noted during the first four months of 2019 (January to April). The goal was to investigate the most important factors patients consider when opting to take magnesium supplements as well as their health literacy regarding the topic.

Results
The results indicate that the currently most popular choices are mouth dissolving forms of magnesium (more than 50% units sold), and predominantly forms the magnesium oxide form (around 75%). It is suggested that the most important factors when choosing magnesium dietary supplements are its price, media presence, friends advice, general familiarity or even product design as very few the patients asked about the present form of the magnesium.

Conclusions
Magnesium dietary supplements belong to highly desirable supplements on the free market. It is observed that patients choice mostly doesn’t coincide with health authorities recommendations.

Key messages
Importance of health literacy and understanding the dietary supplement labels. Higher impact of sources of information other than healthcare authorities.
Seroprevalence of anti-Parvovirus B19 IgG in childbearing age women in Pleven region (Bulgaria)
Authors: Petkova T , Pachkova S , Doichinova T z , Aleksandrova-Yankulovska S 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Parvovirus B19 is a widespread infection in childhood. Seroprevalence of anti-Parvovirus B19 increases with age and about 60% to 70% of women of childbearing age have serological evidence of past exposure to virus. Diaplacental Parvovirus B19 infection in pregnant women can lead to anaemia, non-immune hydrops fetalis and foetal death. The aim of the study is determining the susceptibility to Parvovirus B19 in childbearing age women.

Methods
We conducted a prospective seroepidemiological study in which 90 healthy women of childbearing age (19 to 40 years) were tested during the period September-October 2018 in Medical Center “Clinical Institute for Reproductive Medicine”- Pleven, Bulgaria. Participants were surveyed on a voluntary basis. The exclusion criteria were: presence of autoimmune disorder, immunosuppressive states, malignancy and populations at risk such as persons under 18 years of age and pregnant women. The presence of specific Parvovirus B19 IgG was detected using a standardized anti-Parvovirus B19 (IgG) ELISA kit. The demographic and anamnestic data were collected for each participant in Case Report Form.

Results
The average age of the women was 31.4 ± 4.9 years. Dominating were women with higher education (52.2%) living in urban areas (92.2%). The survey results showed that 37.8% of women were positive for anti-Parvovirus B19 IgG, 61.1% were negative and 1.1% equivocal. Immunty to the virus increased from 27.3% to 45% with age. There was no significant correlation between the presence of antibodies and the demographic factors (living area, education and number of family members).

Conclusions
The results of this study imply that 61.1% of the childbearing age women in Pleven region are susceptible to infection with Parvovirus B19. Because of the high susceptibility to Parvovirus B19, active monitoring of risk groups pregnant women for the prevention of fetal complications is recommended.

Key messages
There is no specific treatment or prophylaxis against Parvovirus B19 infection and epidemiological surveillance requires the introduction of effective preventive measures at the public health level. Active monitoring in childbearing age women is necessary to reduce the risk of fetal damage and the cost of healthcare associated with the infection.
Hospital acquired infection, evaluation of point of prevalence in a 147 beds italian hospital
Authors: Gori F , Vonci N , Santoriello G , Quercioli C , Messina G , Sancasciani S 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Hospital Acquired Infections (HAI) have become a public health priority worldwide, leading to higher medical costs, prolonged hospital stays, and increased mortality. The point of prevalence analysis (PPA) of HAI and antibiotics (ATB) consumption is extremely relevant for its social and economic impact. Aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of HAI and to analyze ATB consumption in 147 beds hospital.

Material and Methods
This prevalence study was conduced on March 23, 2018, we analyzed the clinical documentation of 78 patients hospitalized in the Hospital of Val D’Elsa, Siena, Italy and searched for evidence of HAI and for all indication of ATB therapy in all hospital wards. HAI were defined according to guidelines of European Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (ECDC 4.2) using Stata 12.

Results
We analyzed a total of 78 patients (51,3% female), average age was 71,6 (sd ± 23,4) years, mean lenght of stay 7,2 (sd ± 7,9) days. Patients included in the study were recovered mostly in General Medicine ward (62,8%); 23% of patients underwent surgery. Fifty-one point three of patients had Peripheral Venous Catheter, 17,9% Central Venous Catheter and 47,4% Urinary Catheter. Three infections were discovered (PPA 3,8%); 2 HAIs were found in Medicine ward, the third one in the Intensive Care Unit. The chi-square test did not show statistically significant differences with the last year’s results in the same wards (p = 0.3305). Fifty-four percent of all patients received ATB, the most used class were third generation Cephalosporines (50%), followed by Carbapenems (19%) and Fluoroquinolones (7%).

Conclusions
PPA of HAI was 3,8%, comparable to last year’s (3,5%). This is a positive result when compared to regional and national point prevalence study realized by ECDC in 2012 (6,2% in Tuscany Region, 6% in Italy). Our analysis showed that ATB consumption was quite high: and it is in agreement with those provided by the Tuscany Region.

Key messages
in our hospital we report an excellent result about the pint of prevalence of hospital acquired infections 3,8%. The antibiotics consumption in our hospital is quite high, the most frequently used antibiotic class is the third generation Cephalosporines.
Surveillance of healthcare-associated infections in a Tunisian university hospital
Authors: Hannachi H , Ben Cheikh A , Bhiri S , Ghali H , Khefacha S , Dhidah L , Ben Rejeb M , Said Latiri H 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Introduction
Healthcare -associated infections has become a worldwide public health problem. The aim of this study was to estimate the incidence of healthcare- associated infections in a university hospital of Tunisia.

Methods
This was a cohort study conducted in six intensive care units in a university hospital of Tunisia during three months (from august to October 2018). Data was provided from patients’ files. Data entry and analysis was done using SPSS version 22. Multivariate analysis was used in order to identify independent risk factors for healthcare associated infection.

Results
A total of 202 patients were enrolled in this study. The incidence rate of healthcare-associated infections was 53,96%(109/202). The ratio infection/infected was estimated to 1.65(109/66).
The incidence of multi-drug resistant pathogens was 21,28% (43/202). The most common resistant pathogens included pseudomonas aeruginosa resistant to cefdazidime in 13,76%(15/109) followed by those resistant to extended spectrum cephalosporin 11.92% (13/109), followed by carbapenem-resistant acinetobcater baumanii 6,42%(7/109) then by carbapenem resistant pathogens and enterococcus resistant to vancomycin 2.75%(3/109) and finally staphylococcus aureus resistant to methicillin 2.1%(2/1.83). The multivariate analysis showed that long duration of central line catheterisation (RR = 7.44; 95%CI[2.79-19.82]), tracheotomy(RR = 8.61;95%CI[2.09-35,39]) and length of stay (RR = 1.08; 95%CI[1.04-1.13]) were found as independent risk factors for healthcare -associated infection.

Conclusions
The emergence of mutli-drug resistant pathogens needs to be deeply studied and effective measures have to be taken in order to detect and prevent transmission of resistant strains and/or their resistance determinants, especially those with phenotypes having the fewest viable treatment options.

Key messages
The incidence of healthcare associated infection in the intensive care unit was high. Effective measures have to be taken in the intensive care unit to detect and prevent transmission of resistant pathogens.
Incidence study of surgical site infections in a large University Hospital in Rome, first results
Authors: Vallone D , Di Pumpo M , Gentili A , Tamburrano A , Berloco F , Corbo M I , Cambieri A , Damiani G , Ricciardi W , Laurenti P 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Surgical Site Infections (SSI) represent about a quarter of healthcare associated infections (HAI), increase the risk of mortality and hospital stay and extend healthcare costs. The aim of this work is to evaluate the incidence of SSI in patients undergoing surgical procedures of Hospital Units in the Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCCS (FPG).

Methods
This descriptive observational monocentric study has a 30-months duration: the first phase was conducted between July 2018 and March 2019. Patients undergoing abdominal surgery procedures were enrolled. Active infection surveillance was performed, according to the ECDC, during the hospital stay and the surgical outpatient visits. We also performed a post-discharge surveillance (PDS) at 30 days (or 90 days if an implant has been inserted), through a telephone interview, made by a medical doctor resident in Public Health.

Results
During the first phase were enrolled 431 procedures in 2 Hospital Units, about emergency and hepatobiliary surgery. There were 53 cases of surgical site infection (SSI) highlighted in these procedures. Therefore, SSI’s were reported in 12.09% of the procedures. In particular, in 6.28% of cases, SSIs were diagnosed during the hospital stay. The results of this study showed statistically significant differences (p &lt; 0.005) in incidence rate of emergency (10,70%) and hepatobiliary tract (13,17%) procedures. The average hospital stay was significant higher (p &lt; 0.001) in patients who developed an SSI (17.27 days) than in patients without SSI (4.89 days).

Conclusions
These preliminary results show that the incidence rate of SSI for gastrointestinal procedures is similar to other European Countries (9.6%). The Hospital Health Management of FPG take care to the surveillance of hospital infections and monitor the correct application of the procedures, in line with the standards defined by Joint Commission International for guarantee high level in patients’ care.

Key messages
Performing a survey to measure the incidence of surgical site infections for surgery procedures is very important to define it and to improve surveillance systems of hospital infections in FPG. Active surveillance of surgical site infections may allow to enhance appropriate preventive measures.
A systematic review of email-based reminder interventions to increase vaccine uptake
Authors: Odone A , Frascella B , Balzarini F , Oradini Alacreu A , Signorelli C 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Introduction
Reminder and recall interventions have been proven to be effective in increasing vaccination coverage. Emails are a popular mean of communication, and their use as a reminder method has many potential benefits: low costs, timely delivery and no restriction of content. Nevertheless, there is limited evidence that compares the advantages of using emails for vaccination reminders to other methods, on which extensive literature is already present.

Methods
We conducted a systematic review following the PRISMA guidelines to analyze evidence from peer-reviewed studies on the application of email-based interventions to immunization programs. We included any measure of vaccine uptake or immunization coverage, in any target population and settings.

Results
We included 11 studies in the final analysis, of which 9 were RCTs, 1 was a controlled trial and 1 a before and after study. Most studies were conducted in the US. Six studies had data on the uptake of influenza vaccination, three on HPV series completion, 1 on PPSV23, and 1 on vaccines recommended for adolescents. In 4 studies email reminders proved to be more effective in increasing vaccination uptake than no reminders. Five studies didn’t show advantages of using email reminders when compared to traditional methods (phone call, mail, paper card) and digital reminders (SMS, automated phone calls). In 1 study a significantly higher increase in uptake was achieved when combining emails with Interactive Voice Response phone calls. Finally, 2 studies compared different email models.

Conclusions
In conclusion, this review outlined that not enough evidence is available regarding the use of email reminders to increase vaccination uptake. Our findings suggest that the choice of reminder method should depend on the population, and future studies should analyze its cost-effectiveness and convenience in respect to other methods, and aim at improving the content of emails to increase their efficacy as a reminder method.

Key messages
Based on our review of available studies, not enough evidence is available to prove the efficacy of email reminders to increase vaccine uptake. Additional evidence is needed to analyze cost-effectiveness of email reminders, convenience in respect to other methods, and to improve their content to increase their efficacy as a reminder method.
Health professionals as parents are not immune to vaccine hesitancy – an Italian national survey
Authors: Fonzo M , Bertoncello C , Cocchio S , Zanovello S , Bennici S E , Baldovin T , Buja A , Napoletano G , Russo F , Baldo V 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Vaccine hesitancy is a growing concern in many European countries, including Italy, as instanced by alarming results from Eurobarometer 488 dated April 2019. In the view of the current magnitude of the phenomenon, our aim was to investigate its determinants among parents, with a specific view on those working as health professional.
In 2017, parents of children aged 3-84 months were recruited online. Based on self-reported vaccine status and timeliness of vaccinations, parents were classified as pro-, hesitant, or anti-vaccine. The association between baseline characteristics and hesitancy was investigated with logistic regression adjusting for child’s and parents’ age, prematurity, presence of older children, previous vaccine adverse reaction in the child at issue, parents’ nationality, education and employment status, health profession of at least one parent, single parenting, vegetarian lifestyle and perceived economic security.
A total of 3,865 questionnaires were collected (64% pro-, 32% hesitant, 4% anti-vaccine). Families with at least one health professional as parent were 20% of the sample.
Vegetarian lifestyle (aOR 3.0; 95%CI 2.20-4.08), unsatisfactory (aOR 1.67 95%CI 1.08-2.58) and partially satisfactory perceived economic security (aOR 1.40; 95%CI 1.09-1.78) and previous vaccine adverse reactions (aOR 1.25; 95%CI 1.05-1.48) were associated with vaccine hesitancy, while having older children resulted as a protective factor (aOR 0.82; 95%CI 0.69-0.98). No significant association was found with other abovementioned variables, including parent employed as health professional (aOR 0.99; 95%CI 0.81-1.22).
Vaccine hesitancy seems to be part of a lifestyle choice and, to a smaller extent, associated with previous vaccine adverse reactions and lower socioeconomic status. Interestingly, parents’ level of education and employment in healthcare do not affect vaccine acceptance. The latter poses a challenge, given their crucial role in promoting vaccination.

Key messages
Hesitancy is associated with lifestyle choices, experience of adverse reactions and socioeconomic status, while education and employment as health professional seem not to be relevant. Whether they are health professionals or not, parents’ attitude towards their child’s vaccinations is the same.
Why declare events? What to draw from experience feedback?
Authors: Nicoulet I , Isambert A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Issue
In France, the reporting of significant radiation events for nuclear activities is a mandatory system since July 2007 following the accident of oncology in Epinal. Later, the directive 2013/59/EURATOM states that Members of the European Union shall ensure that a system of experience feedback is in place for the dissemination of lessons. In France, it was implemented in 2011 through the publication of a newsletter, “Patient safety: Paving the way for progress” on radiotherapy, it is now extended to medical imaging. Until 2015 the number of reported events was stable but steadily decreasing in radiotherapy since 2016. Lack of time to report, lack of awareness and training of doctors, fear of consequences in terms of communication on the establishment that reports and in terms of control by the ASN following the report may explain the decrease. Educational actions need to be lead to reaffirm the objectives of reporting and reinforce the interest of experience feedback. The French Nuclear Safety Authority decide to focus a newsletter on international reporting systems and Experience feedback based on the reflections of a French institutional working group.

Results
According to professionals it is sometimes difficult to report an event with impact on patients, easier to work on near miss and even easier to work on events happening elsewhere. Reporting an incident is thus a collective action. The experience feedback process allows learning in order to improve practices in the future and address three aspects: Benchmarking, Prospective risk analysis for the techniques/devices which have never been used in a centre, Analysis of concrete cases during feedback experience meetings. The limit of the current systems is the difficulty in finding precise information due to shortcomings in its structure. A simplified system is needed.

Lessons
Reporting events on websites highlight new events and enable the solutions implemented elsewhere to be disseminated in our own networks.

Key messages
Reporting adverse events or near miss has a collective impact. Experience feedback allows dissemination of lessons and prevents incidents.