bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Establishing management zones of soil sulfur and micronutrients for sustainable crop production
Authors: Behera Sanjib Kumar , Shukla Arvind Kumar , Prakash Chandra , Tripathi Ajay , Kumar Anil , Trivedi Vivek 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDeficiency of nutrients in agricultural soils of the world is one of the major factors of soil degradation. The deficiency of nutrients especially sulfur (S) and micronutrients in different soils affect global crop production. Delineation of soil management zones (MZs), by understanding spatial distribution of soil parameters, could be an efficient way for devising strategies for effective nutrient management and sustainable crop production. In this study, we aimed at creation of soil MZs for ameliorating S and micronutrients deficiencies in the Narmada River basin (NRB), an important agricultural area of central India. We collected 5,984 geo‐referenced top layer (0–15 cm) soil samples from the NRB, India, and analyzed for soil acidity (soil‐water suspension), electrical conductivity (soil‐water suspension), soil organic carbon (Walkley and Black carbon), phyto‐available S (0.15% calcium chloride [CaCl2] extractable), and phyto‐available (diethylene triamine penta acetic acid extractable) micronutrients namely zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), and boron (B) (hot‐water‐soluble). The values of studied soil parameters varied widely with coefficient of variation values ranging from 11.0 to 74.9%. Pearson's correlation coefficient analysis revealed significant correlations among the soil parameters. Geostatistical analysis revealed exponential, pentaspherical, K‐Bessel, and circular best‐fit semi‐variogram models for different soil parameters with moderate to strong spatial dependence. About 41.2, 78.6, 10.1, 2.70, and 32.6% of the area of the NRB had a deficit concentration of phyto‐available S, Zn, Fe, Mn, and B, respectively. The principal component analysis and fuzzy c‐means clustering produced five MZs. The produced MZ maps could be utilized for prioritization of nutrients supply and adoption of zone‐specific soil nutrient management strategies in order to achieve sustainable crop production in the NRB of India.
Gel Polymer Electrolyte with Anion‐Trapping Boron Moieties via One‐Step Synthesis for Symmetrical Supercapacitors
Authors: Ma Longli , Jin Mengyuan , Yan Chaojing , Guo Hao , Ma Xiaohua 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA novel gel polymer electrolyte (GPE) which is based on new synthesized boron‐containing monomer, benzyl methacrylate, 1 m LiClO4/N,N‐dimethylformamidel liquid electrolyte solution is prepared through a one‐step synthesis method. The boron‐containing GPE (B‐GPE) not only displays excellent mechanical behavior, favorable thermal stability, but also exhibits an outstanding ionic conductivity of 2.33 mS cm−1 at room temperature owing to the presence of anion‐trapping boron sites. The lithium ion transference in this gel polymer film at ambient temperature is 0.60. Furthermore, the symmetrical supercapacitor which is fabricated with B‐GPE as electrolyte and reduced graphene oxide as electrode demonstrates a broad potential window of 2.3 V. The specific capacitance of symmetrical B‐GPE supercapacitors retains 90% after 3000 charge–discharge cycles at current density of 1 A g−1.
Spatial Characterization of the Human Centrosome Proteome Opens Up New Horizons for a Small but Versatile Organelle
Authors: Danielsson Frida , Mahdessian Diana , Axelsson Ulrika , Sullivan Devin , Uhlén Mathias , Andersen Jens S. , Thul Peter J. , Lundberg Emma 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAfter a century of research, the human centrosome continues to fascinate. Based on immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy, an extensive inventory of the protein components of the human centrosome, and the centriolar satellites, with the important contribution of over 300 novel proteins localizing to these compartments is presented. A network of candidate centrosome proteins involved in ubiquitination, including six interaction partners of the Kelch‐like protein 21, and an additional network of protein phosphatases, together supporting the suggested role of the centrosome as an interactive hub for cell signaling, is identified. Analysis of multi‐localization across cellular organelles analyzed within the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) project shows how multi‐localizing proteins are particularly overrepresented in centriolar satellites, supporting the dynamic nature and wide range of functions for this compartment. In summary, the spatial dissection of the human centrosome and centriolar satellites described here provides a comprehensive knowledgebase for further exploration of their proteomes.
Physiotherapy in children hospitalized with traumatic brain injury in a South African tertiary paediatric hospital
Authors: Corten Lieselotte , van As Arjan Bastiaan , Rahim Sameer , Kleinsmith Jason , Kleyn Andrew , Kwinana Tia , Ndaba Nandi , Sillito Emma , Smith Jammi Tiffany , Williams Nikita , Figaji Anthony 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIntroductionPhysical impairments following traumatic brain injury (TBI) may limit participation in daily living. Physiotherapy could assist in managing these limitations, however, there is a paucity of literature on the physiotherapy management of children in the acute phase of TBI.ObjectivesTo describe the characteristics, course and outcome of children hospitalized with TBI, with specific reference to the role of physiotherapy.MethodsA retrospective folder review of all children (n = 130, median 5.37 years [IQR 1.88–7.88]) admitted in 2016 with a primary diagnosis of TBI was conducted at a tertiary paediatric hospital.ResultsMost cases presented with mild TBI (66.2%). The most common cranial manifestation of the TBI was brain bleeds (80%) and most occurred as a result of road traffic accidents (50%, including both pedestrian and motor vehicle accidents).Physiotherapy was administered in 35 cases (26.9%), with functional interventions, such as mobilizations out of bed, the most common form of therapy (71.4%). Children involved in road traffic accidents, presenting with severe diffuse TBI, resulting in altered tone and coordination problems, admitted to intensive care, monitored with an intracranial pressure or Licox monitor, and receiving occupational therapy and/or been followed up by dieticians, were more likely to receive physiotherapy.The duration of hospitalization (median 4 days [IQR 2–9]) was associated with infections, severity of TBI, presence of an intracranial monitoring, and parietal lobe injury.ConclusionThis is the first study in South Africa investigating standard physiotherapy care in children admitted with TBI. Physiotherapy was provided in a small portion of children and appeared to be well tolerated. However, due to the limited information recorded in the physiotherapy notes, results of this study need to be confirmed in larger, more well‐documented studies before generalizations can be made.
Catalytic Activity of Azido‐Bridged Dinuclear Cu(II)‐Hydrazone Coordination Compound in Green Click Synthesis of 1,2,3‐Triazoles
Authors: Bikas Rahman , Krawczyk Marta S. , Lis Tadeusz 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAzido bridged dinuclear Cu(II) coordination compound, [Cu2(L)2(μ‐N3)2] (1), was synthesized by the reaction of Cu(NO3)2.3H2O, NaN3 and tridentate NNO‐donor hydrazone ligand, (E)‐2‐cyano‐N′‐(1‐(pyridin‐2‐yl))(HL), with 2 : 2 : 3 molar ratios in methanol. The obtained compound was characterized by elemental analysis, FT‐IR and UV‐Vis spectroscopy, TGA analysis and its crystal structure was determined by single crystal X‐ray diffraction studies. There is a good agreement between structural and spectroscopic properties of the obtained compound which indicated the ligand is coordinated to the metal ion as mononegative ligand in the iminol form. The obtained compound was used as catalyst in green click synthesis of β‐hydroxy‐1,2,3‐triazoles through azide‐alkyne‐epoxide cycloaddition reaction. The catalytic reactions were carried out in water as a green solvent and the effect of temperature on the activity and selectivity of the catalytic system was investigated. The catalytic studies indicated that azido‐bridged Cu(II)‐hydrazone coordination compound is an active catalyst for green synthesis of β‐hydroxy‐1,2,3‐triazoles in mild condition.
Bioeconomy as Climate Action: How ready are African Countries?
Authors: Oguntuase Oluwaseun James , Adu Oluwatosin Benedict 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBioeconomy is a new perspective for fighting climate change. Africa is warming faster than the global average, and climate change remains a major threat on the continent for coming decades. The development of sustainable bioeconomy is extremely important in Africa to accelerate mitigation and adaptation to climate change. However, this concept is not well diffused on the continent. The objective of this chapter is to present the current state of bioeconomy in Africa and the readiness of the member countries to adopt bioeconomy as climate action, with particular attention to the state of production determinants of a bioeconomy. The main factors and trends (both positive and negative), relating to building strategic capacity towards employing bioeconomy for climate action on the continent, are outlined. The findings and recommendations will assist both the academia and policymakers in Africa to integrate bioeconomy into their national and regional climate change mitigation and adaptation strategies and action plans.
Nicht nur wehrlose Sündenböcke! Schuldvermeidungsstrategien internationaler Organisationen
Authors: Heinkelmann-Wild Tim , Zangl Bernhard 
Published: June 2020

ZusammenfassungWie reagieren internationale Organisationen (IOs) auf Schuldzuweisungen ihrer Mitgliedstaaten? Oftmals werden in der Forschung IOs im Falle von gescheiterten Politiken als gute Sündenböcke für die Schuldzuweisungen ihrer Mitgliedstaaten gesehen, weil sie sich kaum zu Wehr setzen müssen, können oder wollen. Demgegenüber argumentieren wir, dass IO-RepräsentantInnen versuchen, IOs in der Öffentlichkeit nicht als Schuldige für gescheiterte Politiken dastehen zu lassen. IOs sind deshalb keine passiven „blame taker“, sondern aktive „blame avoider“. In manchen Fällen sind sie zwar bereit, die Schuldzuweisungen ihrer Mitgliedstaaten zuignorieren, doch in anderen Fällen versuchen sie ihre Verantwortung zuverschleiernoder sogar die Mitgliedstaaten zuattackieren. Um dies zu erklären, entwickeln wir eine Theorie der Schuldvermeidung von IOs, gemäß derer die Autorität einer IO bestimmt, welche Schuldvermeidungsstrategie ihre RepräsentantInnen einschlagen. Je nachdem, ob eine IO im betreffenden Politikfeld Autorität intergouvernemental, supranational oder hybrid ausübt, wird sie auf Schuldzuweisungen ihrer Mitgliedstaaten durch Strategien des Ignorierens, Verschleierns oder Attackierens reagieren. Wir demonstrieren die Plausibilität unserer Theorie mithilfe einer Medieninhaltsanalyse der Verantwortungsattributionen der Europäischen Kommission für drei umstrittene EU-Migrationspolitiken. Wir tragen damit zum besseren Verständnis der öffentlichen Schuldvermeidungsstrategien von IOs bei.
Pointwise multipliers of Musielak–Orlicz spaces and factorization
Authors: Leśnik Karol , Tomaszewski Jakub 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe prove that the space of pointwise multipliers between two distinct Musielak–Orlicz spaces is another Musielak–Orlicz space and the function defining it is given by an appropriately generalized Legendre transform. In particular, we obtain characterization of pointwise multipliers between Nakano spaces. We also discuss factorization problem for Musielak–Orlicz spaces and exhibit some differences between Orlicz and Musielak–Orlicz cases.
Health-Related Quality of Life in Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery
Authors: Coulman Karen D. , Blazeby Jane M. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Purpose of Review
This review describes the latest evidence for the impact of bariatric surgery on health-related quality of life (HRQL).

Recent Findings
The impact of bariatric surgery on HRQL is less well-understood than its clinical effectiveness on weight and co-morbidities. Poor-quality study design and different HRQL measures challenge systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Available limited evidence suggests that physical aspects of HRQL may improve more than mental health aspects of HRQL after bariatric surgery, reaching maximal benefits 1–2 years post-surgery. Comparative HRQL analyses between bariatric procedures cannot be made due to a lack of randomised data. Qualitative research highlights the tensions patients experience after bariatric surgery, which provides insights to observed changes in HRQL.

Summary
Standardized HRQL measures are being developed and agreed to improve future evidence synthesis. Two multi-centre randomised trials of bariatric surgical procedures including detailed HRQL assessment are in progress. It is hoped that the combination of comparative high-quality HRQL data and information from qualitative studies will provide new insights into patient well-being and health after bariatric surgery.
Network-theoretic modeling of complex activity using UK online sex advertisements
Authors: Kejriwal Mayank , Gu Yao 
Published: June 2020

AbstractOnline sex has become a fast-growing business in both developing and developed network, with advertisements of (not necessarily unique) individuals numbering in the hundreds of millions across different Web portals. One such major hub of sex advertisement activity, before it was shut down by US federal agencies, was backpage.com. The backpage.com website was a classifieds-advertising portal that had become the largest marketplace for buying and selling sex by the time that federal law enforcement agencies seized it in April 2018. Since then, investigations have been actively underway. However, the data (which has recently been made available to us for research on UK Backpage) also offers valuable insights into the nature of the online sex business, including complex properties that can be best studied using network science. One of the challenges, however, is a rigorous modeling of the data as a network, since the primary data are web advertisements and metadata (backend database) on accounts that posted that ad. In this article, we conduct an empirical study of an important sample of the online sex marketplace using UK backpage, including presenting a methodology for constructing simple ‘activity networks’ that define some notion of real-world collaboration or connection between two entities (in our case, at the level of ad-posting accounts) and then studying the properties of these networks. We gather a set of insights into a domain that has not been studied at scale, let alone a national level, but that is continuing to be a growing social problem for many countries.
CODING IN GRAPHS AND LINEAR ORDERINGS
Authors: KNIGHT JULIA F. , SOSKOVA ALEXANDRA A. , VATEV STEFAN V. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThere is a Turing computable embedding
$\Phi $
of directed graphs
$\mathcal {A}$
in undirected graphs (see [15]). Moreover, there is a fixed tuple of formulas that give a uniform effective interpretation; i.e., for all directed graphs
$\mathcal {A}$
, these formulas interpret
$\mathcal {A}$
in
$\Phi (\mathcal {A})$
. It follows that
$\mathcal {A}$
is Medvedev reducible to
$\Phi (\mathcal {A})$
uniformly; i.e.,
$\mathcal {A}\leq _s\Phi (\mathcal {A})$
with a fixed Turing operator that serves for all
$\mathcal {A}$
. We observe that there is a graph G that is not Medvedev reducible to any linear ordering. Hence, G is not effectively interpreted in any linear ordering. Similarly, there is a graph that is not interpreted in any linear ordering using computable
$\Sigma _2$
formulas. Any graph can be interpreted in a linear ordering using computable
$\Sigma _3$
formulas. Friedman and Stanley [4] gave a Turing computable embedding L of directed graphs in linear orderings. We show that there is no fixed tuple of
$L_{\omega _1\omega }$
-formulas that, for all G, interpret the input graph G in the output linear ordering
$L(G)$
. Harrison-Trainor and Montalbán [7] have also shown this, by a quite different proof.
amator concordiae, ornator patriae. The Latinisation of Punic titles in early imperial Lepcis Magna
Authors: Barron Caroline 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe translation of so-called ‘honorific’ titles from Punic to Latin, and their deployment in a number of public monumental inscriptions in Lepcis Magna, have often been promoted as evidence for successful Romanisation in the cities of Tripolitania. Titles such asamator concordiaeandornator patriaehave been understood as affirmations that the local Lepcitan community had engaged with Augustan ideological concepts and were using them to demonstrate loyalty and support for the principate. This paper argues that a more likely influence on the translation of the titles into Latin came from the notions ofphiliaexhibited by the Greek-speaking communities of the eastern Mediterranean in their interactions with Rome.
STOCHASTIC POTENTIALS OF INTERMITTENT MAPS
Authors: LI HUAIBIN 
Published: June 2020

Consider an intermittent map $f_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D705}}:[0,1]\rightarrow [0,1]$ and a Hölder continuous potential $\unicode[STIX]{x1D711}:[0,1]\rightarrow \mathbb{R}$. We show that $\unicode[STIX]{x1D719}$ is stochastic for $f_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D705}}$ if and only if the topological pressure $P(f_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D705}},\unicode[STIX]{x1D711})$ satisfies $P(f_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D705}},\unicode[STIX]{x1D711})-\unicode[STIX]{x1D711}(0)>0$. As a consequence, for each $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FD}>0$ sufficiently small, the set of Hölder continuous potentials of exponent $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FD}$ that are not stochastic for $f_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D705}}$ has nonempty interior in the space of all such potentials.
North East London coronavirus disease 2019 protocol for diagnostics in two-week wait head and neck cancer patients
Authors: Warner E , Scholfield D W , Adams A , Richards P , Ali S , Ahmed J , Ghufoor K 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic requires urgent modification to existing head and neck cancer diagnosis and management practices. A protocol was established that utilises risk stratification, early investigation prior to clinical review and a reduction in aerosol generating procedures to lessen the risk of coronavirus disease 2019 spread.MethodsTwo-week wait referrals were stratified into low, intermediate and high risk. Low risk patients were referred back to primary care with advice; intermediate and high risk patients underwent investigation. Clinical encounters and aerosol generating procedures were minimised. A combined diagnostic and therapeutic surgical approach was undertaken where possible.ResultsForty-one patients were used to assess feasibility. Thirty-one per cent were low risk, 35 per cent were intermediate and 33 per cent were high risk. Thirty-three per cent were discharged with no imaging.ConclusionImplementing this protocol reduces the future burden on tertiary services, by empowering primary care physicians to re-refer low risk patients. The protocol is applicable across the UK and avoids diagnostic delay.
Performing civilisational narratives in East Asia: Asian values, multiple modernities, and the politics of economic development
Authors: Lee Yong Wook 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis article aims to uncover the socially constructed normative foundation for the alternative East Asian economic development paradigm to neoliberalism in the context of civilisational politics. The question I seek to address is why East Asian states make value claims when promoting their alternative method of economic development. In addressing this question, I make two interrelated arguments. First, I argue that the politics of Asian values can be understood as another case of non-Western society's struggle to demonstrate multiple paths to modernity. Second, on a deeper level, I show that the discourse and narratives on Asian values is part of civilisation politics aimed to recalibrate the place of East Asia in a world consisting of the civilised and the uncivilised, a divide that still remains today in various forms following European expansion in the nineteenth century. In so doing, I shed light on the performative power of ‘the standard of civilisation’, which naturalises the temporal and sequential hierarchy of civilisational identities in world politics. On the basis of this article's findings, I draw out implications of a recalibrated East Asia for the ideas of hierarchy and progress in world politics.
Ultrastructure of Two Cases of Anaplastic Giant Cell Tumor of the Human Thyroid Gland
Authors: J.M. Gaal , E. Horvath , K. Kovacs 
Published: June 2020

Two cases of anaplastic giant cell tumor of the thyroid have "been studied by light and electron microscopy in order to shed light on its morphogenesis. The tumors were removed by surgery from 67 and 75 year old women respectively.By light microscopy the tumors corresponded to anaplastic giant cell tumor of the thyroid, exhibiting marked pleomorphism, numerous mitotic figures, and foci of necrosis.Electron microscopy revealed that the tumors were composed of cells varying in size and morphology (Fig.1.). The nuclei were large and multilobulated; bizarre forms, occupying a considerable part of the cells, were not infrequent. Nucleoli were large and dense. The mitochondria were not numerous. They were rod shaped or elongated with widely spaced transverse cristae and moderately electron dense matrix. Spherulated, swollen forms were also observed. The rough surfaced endoplasmic reticulum (RER) was abundant in many cells. It consisted of parallel membranes with numerous ribosomes studded on their external aspects.
An Electron Microscopic Investigation of the Pathogenesis of Hemorrhage Induced by Rattlesnake Venom
Authors: Ownby Charlotte L. , Kainer Robert A. , Tu Anthony T. 
Published: June 2020

One of the significant changes induced by the injection of rattlesnake (Crotalidae) venom is hemorrhage. Since crotaline antivenin does not prevent such local tissue damage, a more effective treatment of snakebite is needed. To aid in the development of such a treatment the pathogenesis of venom-induced hemorrhae was investigated.Swiss-Webster white mice were injected intramuscularly with Western diamondback rattlesnake (Crotalus atrox) venom. Two minutes after the injection, muscle tissue was obtained by bioosy from the thigh and fixed in 6% glutaraldehyde in Milloniq's phosphate buffer (DH 7.4, 2 hrs., 4°C). After post-fixation in 2% osmium tetroxide in Milloniq's phosphate buffer (pH 7.4, 1hr., 4°C) the tissue was dehydrated routinely in ethanol and embedded in Epon 812. The thin sections were stained with uranyl acetate in methanol and lead citrate then observed with either a Zeiss EM 9A or an Hitachi HS-8 electron microscope.
Ultrastructural Aspects of Cell Wall Biogenesis and Cell Elongation
Authors: Heyn Anton N.J. 
Published: June 2020

Ultrastructural studies have been made with fast growing coleoptiles of Avena, of the behavior of cell organelles and of the structure of the cell wall in connection with problems of cell wall biogenesis and cell elongation.Membrane-bounded vesicles of various types are transmitted through the plasmalemma by a process of exocytosis in which masses of vesicles are surrounded in the cytoplasm by a membrane probably originated from collapsed vesicle membranes. This common membrane fuses with the plasmalemma, and the membranebounded vesicles are subsequently deposited through an opening of increasing size at the point of fusion,into the periplasmic space. Some of the vesicles may then loose their membranes but most are incorporated surrounded by their membranes, into the cell wall. By this process cell wall substances and enzymes may be transported together in great masses into the growing cell wall.