bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multifunctional Nanoparticle Loaded Injectable Thermoresponsive Hydrogel as NIR Controlled Release Platform for Local Photothermal Immunotherapy to Prevent Breast Cancer Postoperative Recurrence and Metastases
Authors: Jia Yan Peng , Shi Kun , Yang Fan , Liao Jin Feng , Han Ru Xia , Yuan Li Ping , Hao Ying , Pan Meng , Xiao Yao , Qian Zhi Yong , Wei Xia Wei 
Published: May 2020

AbstractFor breast cancer patients who have undergone breast‐conserving surgery, effective treatments to prevent local recurrences and metastases is very essential. Here, a local injectable therapeutic platform based on a thermosensitive PLEL hydrogel with near‐infrared (NIR)‐stimulated drug release is developed to achieve synergistic photothermal immunotherapy for prevention of breast cancer postoperative relapse. Self‐assembled multifunctional nanoparticles (RIC NPs) are composed of three therapeutic components including indocyanine green, a photothermal agent; resiquimod (R848), a TLR‐7/8 agonist; and CPG ODNs, a TLR‐9 agonist. RIC NPs are physically incorporated into the thermosensitive PLEL hydrogel. The RIC NPs encapsulated PLEL hydrogel (RIC NPs@PLEL) is then locally injected into the tumor resection cavity for local photothermal therapy to ablate residue tumor tissues and produce tumor‐associated antigens. At the same time, NIR also triggers the release of immune components CPG ODNs and R848 from thermoresponsive hydrogels PLEL. The released immune components, together with tumor‐associated antigens, work as an in situ cancer vaccine for postsurgical immunotherapy by inducing effective and sustained antitumor immune effect. Overall, this work suggests that photothermal immunotherapy based on local hydrogel delivery system has great potential as a promising tool for the postsurgical management of breast cancer to prevent recurrences and metastases.
Sustainable Nanotextured Wave Energy Harvester Based on Ferroelectric Fatigue‐Free and Flexoelectricity‐Enhanced Piezoelectric P(VDF‐TrFE) Nanofibers with BaSrTiO3 Nanoparticles
Authors: An Seongpil , Jo Hong Seok , Li Gen , Samuel Edmund , Yoon Sam S. , Yarin Alexander L. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractHere, ultrathin, flexible, and sustainable nanofiber‐based piezoelectric nanogenerators (NF‐PENGs) are fabricated and applied as wave energy harvesters. The NF‐PENGs are composed of poly(vinylidene fluoride‐co‐trifluoroethylene) (P(VDF‐TrFE)) nanofibers with embedded barium strontium titanate (BaSrTiO3) nanoparticles, which are fabricated by using facile, scalable, and cost‐effective fiber‐forming methods, including electrospinning and solution blowing. The inclusion of ferroelectric BaSrTiO3 nanoparticles inside the electrospun P(VDF‐TrFE) nanofibers enhances the sustainability of the NF‐PENGs and results in unique flexoelectricity‐enhanced piezoelectric nanofibers. Not only do these NF‐PENGs yield a superior performance compared to the previously reported NF‐PENGs, but they also exhibit an outstanding durability in terms of mechanical properties and cyclability. Furthermore, a new theoretical estimate of the energy harvesting efficiency from the water waves is introduced here, which can also be employed in future studies associated with various nanogenerators, including PENGs and triboelectric nanogenerators.
Morphogenesis Guided by 3D Patterning of Growth Factors in Biological Matrices
Authors: Broguiere Nicolas , Lüchtefeld Ines , Trachsel Lucca , Mazunin Dmitry , Rizzo Riccardo , Bode Jeffrey W. , Lutolf Matthias P. , Zenobi‐Wong Marcy 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThree‐dimensional (3D) control over the placement of bioactive cues is fundamental to understand cell guidance and develop engineered tissues. Two‐photon patterning (2PP) provides such placement at micro‐ to millimeter scale, but nonspecific interactions between proteins and functionalized extracellular matrices (ECMs) restrict its use. Here, a 2PP system based on nonfouling hydrophilic photocages and Sortase A (SA)‐based enzymatic coupling is presented, which offers unprecedented orthogonality and signal‐to‐noise ratio in both inert hydrogels and complex mammalian matrices. Improved photocaged peptide synthesis and protein functionalization protocols with broad applicability are introduced. Importantly, the method enables 2PP in a single step in the presence of fragile biomolecules and cells, and is compatible with time‐controlled growth factor presentation. As a corollary, the guidance of axons through 3D‐patterned nerve growth factor (NGF) within brain‐mimetic ECMs is demonstrated. The approach allows for the interrogation of the role of complex signaling molecules in 3D matrices, thus helping to better understand biological guidance in tissue development and regeneration.
Unidirectional and Selective Proton Transport in Artificial Heterostructured Nanochannels with Nano‐to‐Subnano Confined Water Clusters
Authors: Li Xingya , Zhang Huacheng , Yu Hao , Xia Jun , Zhu Yin‐Bo , Wu Heng‐An , Hou Jue , Lu Jun , Ou Ranwen , Easton Christopher D. , Selomulya Cordelia , Hill Matthew R. , Jiang Lei , Wang Huanting 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe construction of biological proton channel analogues has attracted substantial interest owing to their wide potential in separation of ions, sensing, and energy conversion. Here, metal–organic framework (MOF)/polymer heterogeneous nanochannels are presented, in which water molecules are confined to disordered clusters in the nanometer‐sized polymer regions and to ordered chains with unique molecular configurations in the 1D sub‐1‐nm porous MOF regions, to realize unidirectional, fast, and selective proton transport properties, analogous to natural proton channels. Given the nano‐to‐subnano confined water junctions, experimental proton conductivities in the polymer‐to‐MOF direction of the channels are much higher than those in the opposite direction, showing a high rectification up to 500 and one to two orders of magnitude enhancement compared to the conductivity of proton transport in bulk water. The channels also show a good proton selectivity over other cations. Theoretical simulations further reveal that the preferential and fast proton conduction in the nano‐to‐subnano channel direction is attributed to extremely low energy barriers for proton transport from disordered to ordered water clusters. This study opens a novel approach to regulate ion permeability and selectivity of artificial ion channels.
Strategically Formulating Aggregation‐Induced Emission‐Active Phosphorescent Emitters by Restricting the Coordination Skeletal Deformation of Pt(II) Complexes Containing Two Independent Monodentate Ligands
Authors: Yang Xiaolong , Yue Ling , Yu Yue , Liu Boao , Dang Jingshuang , Sun Yuanhui , Zhou Guijiang , Wu Zhaoxin , Wong Wai‐Yeung 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAggregation‐induced emission (AIE)‐active phosphorescent emitters have intrinsic advantages in time‐gated imaging/sensing and improving the electroluminescent efficiencies of organic light‐emitting devices (OLEDs). However, compared with the very prosperous and fruitful developments of AIE‐active fluorescent emitters and related working mechanisms, the progresses on AIE‐active phosphorescent emitters and associated AIE mechanisms are still relatively slow. Herein, the AIE properties of a series of phosphorescent Pt(II) complexes with two monodentate ligands are reported. Compared with the conventional rigid Pt(II) complexes bearing two bidentate ligands or one tri‐/tetradentate ligand, the incorporation of two monodentate ligands provides the resulting Pt(II) complexes with more room to deform their coordination skeletons from the square‐planar geometry in the ground state to the quasi‐tetrahedral configuration in the excited state, causing poor solution emissions. In doped films and aggregate states, intense emissions are observed for these Pt(II) complexes. The as‐fabricated solution‐processed OLED exhibits an impressively high external quantum efficiency of 21.7%. This study provides an effective way to develop excellent AIE‐active phosphorescent emitters.
Passing the Frontiers of Liquid‐Phase Glycerol Partial Oxidation over Supported Bimetallic Catalysts
Authors: Skrzyńska‐Ćwiąkalska Elżbieta , Capron Mickaël , Dumeignil Franck 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn this paper, the performance of monometallic and bimetallic (Au, Pt, Ag, Pd) catalysts supported on a basic alumina in the partial oxidation of glycerol in the liquid phase are compared. A clear synergetic effect between metals is observed, especially when Au and Pt, Au and Pd, as well as Ag and Pt are associated. These three catalysts, characterized by relatively small mean particle size (i.e., 4.44 ± 2.18 nm for AuPt, 6.42 ± 3.31 nm for AuPd, and 6.91 ± 3.97 nm for AgPt), enable complete glycerol (GLY) conversion after 4 h of reaction at room temperature, under atmospheric pressure (200 mL of a 0.3 m GLY solution, 0.5 g of catalyst, NaOH/GLY = 4 mol mol−1, 1500 rpm, 650 mL O2 min−1). Moreover, it is possible to achieve more than 80% GLY conversion after 4 h of reaction at room temperature under atmospheric pressure with air bubbling (650 mL air min−1) as an oxidation atmosphere. This unpreceded high performance in the glycerol partial oxidation reaction under such mild conditions pave the way to the possibility of industrial exploitation of this promising catalytic system.
Multi‐Functional Edible Film with Excellent UV Barrier Performance and Accurate Instant Ion Printing Capability
Authors: Wang Zi , Tang Lirong , Lin Fengcai , Shen Yanping , Chen Yandan , Chen Xuerong , Huang Biao , Lu Beili 
Published: May 2020

AbstractUsing natural biomass resources to synthesize degradable membrane materials, which may replace traditional plastics, is one of the strategies that can reduce pollution. Herein, a mechanochemical method for preparation of degradable biofilm tannic acid‐modified microfibrillated cellulose (TA@MFC)‐G is proposed. The method involves modification of a microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) with plant polyphenol (tannic acid), followed by complexation with gelatin in an aqueous solution. Compared with pure gelatin film, MFC film has higher intrinsic crystallinity and thermal stability. Due to the synergistic effect of tannin and MFC, the mechanical strength and flexibility of the films are improved; its tensile strength is higher than 75 MPa and its elongation at break is as high as 13%. The films also have high UV blocking ability. Finally, the films are printed using Fe3+ ions or conventional ink, from which it is observed that the pattern printed using Fe3+ ions has higher solvent resistance and water repellency compared to that printed using conventional ink. This biodegradable film may have promising applications as food packaging materials or in other industries.
Enhanced Charge Transfer and Responsivity in Hybrid Quantum Dot/Graphene Photodetectors Using ZnO as Intermediate Electron‐Collecting Layer
Authors: Ahn Seungbae , Chen Wenjun , Moreno‐Gonzalez Miguel A. , Lockett Malcolm , Wang Jiaying , Vazquez‐Mena Oscar 
Published: May 2020

AbstractHybrid graphene (Gr)–quantum dot (QD) photodetectors have shown ultrahigh photoresponsivity combining the strong light absorption of QDs with the high mobility of Gr. QDs absorb light and generate photocarriers that are efficiently transported by Gr. Typically, hybrid PbS–QD/graphene photodetectors operate by transferring photogenerated holes from the QDs to Gr while photoelectrons stay in the QDs inducing a photogating mechanism that achieves a responsivity of 6 × 107 A W−1. However, despite such high gain, these systems have poor charge collection with quantum efficiency below 25%. Herein, a ZnO intermediate layer (PbS‐QD/ZnO/Gr) is introduced to improve charge collection by forming an effective p‐n PbS‐ZnO junction driving the electrons to the ZnO layer and then to Gr. This improves the photoresponsivity of the devices by nearly an order of magnitude with respect to devices without ZnO. Charge transfer to Gr is demonstrated by monitoring the change in Fermi level under illumination for conventional PbS‐QD/Gr and for ZnO intermediate PbS‐QD/ZnO/Gr devices. These results improve the capabilities of hybrid QD/Gr configurations for optoelectronic devices.
Purpose, Pleasure, Pace and Contrasting Perspectives: Teaching and Learning in the Emergency Department
Authors: Sadka Nancy , Lee Victor , Ryan Anna 
Published: May 2020

AbstractObjectivesTeaching and learning in the clinical setting are vital for the training and development of emergency physicians. Increasing service provision and time pressures in the emergency department (ED) have led to junior trainees' perceptions of a lack of teaching and a lack of support during clinical shifts. We sought to explore the perceptions of learners and supervisors in our ED regarding teaching within this diverse and challenging context.MethodsNine ED physicians and eight ED trainees were interviewed to explore perceptions of teaching in the ED. Clinical teaching was described as “on‐the‐floor” teaching during work shifts. We used a validated clinical teaching assessment instrument to help pilot and develop some of our interview questions, and data were analyzed using qualitative thematic analysis.ResultsWe identified three major themes in our study: 1) the strong sense of purpose and the pleasure gained through teaching and learning interactions, despite both groups being unsure of each other's engagement and enthusiasm; 2) contrasting perspectives of teaching with registrars holding a traditional knowledge transmission view, yet shared perspectives of teacher as being ED consultants; and 3) the effect of patient acuity and volume, which both facilitated learning until a critical point of busyness beyond which service provision pressures and staffing limitations were perceived to negatively impact learning.ConclusionsThe ED is a complex and fluid working and learning environment. We need to develop a shared understanding of teaching and learning opportunities in the ED, which helps all stakeholders move beyond learning as knowledge acquisition and sees the potential for learning from teachers of a multitude of professional backgrounds.
A single tillage in a long‐term no‐till system on dryland crop performance
Authors: Schlegel Alan , Holman Johnathon D. , Assefa Yared 
Published: May 2020

AbstractA no‐till system may cause stratification of soil organic C and lack effective control of herbicide‐resistant weeds. An occasional tillage is proposed to alleviate these, but only limited information is available on the effect of a single or occasional tillage on crop yield in a no‐till wheat grain−sorghum−fallow (WSF) rotation. The objective of this research was to determine the effect of a single tillage to a 10‐cm depth of a long‐term (>6 yr) continuous no‐till WSF system on grain yield, soil water, and water use of grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) and winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) for up to 3 yr after the single tillage operation. This research was conducted at Garden City and Tribune, KS. The three tillage treatments were a single tillage in May or June during fallow (June tillage), a single tillage after wheat harvest (July tillage), and a complete NT system. Grain yield of sorghum varied from average of 3.40 Mg ha−1 at Garden City in 2014 to 8.04 Mg ha−1 at Tribune in 2016. Grain yield of winter wheat varied from average of 0.47 Mg ha−1 at Garden City in 2014 to 5.21 Mg ha−1 at Tribune in 2016. There was no significant effect from a single tillage (June tillage or July tillage) on crop yield, yield components, biomass, available soil water (ASW), and water use compared with continuous no‐till. Therefore, we have concluded that a single tillage of a long‐term no‐till dryland WSF system can be done without affecting crop performance.
Changes in surgical therapies for rectal cancer over the past 100 years: A review
Authors: Toiyama Yuji , Kusunoki Masato 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAdvances in surgical and adjuvant therapies have resulted in a dramatic improvement in outcomes of rectal cancer in terms of both oncology and functional preservation. Surgery plays a central role in therapy as it is the only means of achieving a complete cure. These surgical advancements result from extensive pioneering research in the fields of anatomy and physiology. Much history lies behind the recent surgical breakthroughs of total mesorectal excision (TME) and intersphincteric resection (ISR). This article outlines the changes that have taken place in surgical therapies for rectal cancer over more than a century based on clinical trials performed to provide scientific evidence for these therapies.
Enhancing Parameter Estimation Precision in a Dissipative Environment with Two‐Photon Driving
Authors: Xie Dong , Xu Chunling 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe frequency estimation of an optical cavity field suffering from an unavoidable dissipative environment is investigated. Generally, dissipative noise significantly reduces the precision. Here, it is found that two‐photon driving can improve measurement precision by resisting the noise. Moreover, over a long duration, the frequency uncertainty can be minimized with the right magnitude of the parametric two‐photon drive, which is in sharp contrast to the uncertainty tending to infinity without two‐photon driving. The results show that two‐photon driving can achieve ultrasensitive measurement in a dissipative environment under the long‐encoding‐time condition.
People and places: Bridging the information gaps in refugee integration
Authors: Oduntan Olubukola , Ruthven Ian 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis article discusses the sources of information used by refugees as they navigate integration systems and processes. The study used interviews to examine how refugees and asylum seekers dealt with their information needs, finding that information gaps were bridged through people and places. People included friends, solicitors, and caseworkers, whereas places included service providers, detention centers, and refugee camps. The information needs matrix was used as an analytical tool to examine the operation of sources on refuge‐seekers' integration journeys. Our findings expand understandings of information sources and information grounds. The matrix can be used to enhance host societies' capacity to make appropriate information available and to provide evidence for the implementation of the information needs matrix.
The Role of Negative Affectivity in Concurrent Relations Between Caregiver Psychological Distress and Social‐Emotional Difficulties in Infants With Early Signs of Autism
Authors: Chetcuti Lacey , Uljarević Mirko , Varcin Kandice J. , Boutrus Maryam , Wan Ming Wai , Slonims Vicky , Green Jonathan , Segal Leonie , Iacono Teresa , Dissanayake Cheryl , Whitehouse Andrew J.O. , Hudry Kristelle ,   the AICES Team
Published: May 2020

AbstractRecent evidence suggests the link between caregiver psychological distress and offspring social‐emotional difficulties may be accounted for by offspring temperament characteristics. However, existing studies have only focused on neurotypical children; thus, the current study sought to provide an initial examination of this process among children with varying levels of early autism features. Participants included 103 infants aged 9–16 months (M = 12.39, SD = 1.97; 68% male) and their primary caregiver (96% mothers) referred to a larger study by community healthcare professionals. We utilized caregiver‐reported measures of psychological distress (Depression Anxiety Stress Scales), infant temperament (Infant Behavior Questionnaire‐Revised) and internalizing and externalizing symptoms (Infant‐Toddler Social and Emotional Assessment) and administered the Autism Observation Schedule for Infants (AOSI) at an assessment visit to quantify autism features. Infant negative affectivity was found to mediate positive concurrent relations between caregiver psychological distress and infant internalizing and externalizing symptoms, irrespective of the infants' AOSI score. While preliminary and cross‐sectional, these results replicate and extend previous findings suggesting that the pathway from caregiver psychological distress to negative affectivity to social‐emotional difficulties might also be apparent among infants with varying levels of autism features. More rigorous tests of causal effects await future longitudinal investigation.Lay SummaryOffspring of caregivers experiencing psychological distress (i.e., symptoms of depression, anxiety, and/or stress) may themselves be at increased risk of poor mental health outcomes. Several previous studies conducted with neurotypical children suggest that this link from caregiver‐to‐child may be facilitated by children's temperament qualities. This study was a preliminary cross‐sectional exploration of these relationships in infants with features of autism. We found that infants' elevated negative emotions were involved in the relation between caregiver heightened psychological distress and children's mental health difficulties, consistent with neurotypical development. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1349–1357. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Highly sensitive HPLC analysis and biophysical characterization of N‐glycans of IgG‐Fc domain in comparison between CHO and 293 cells using FcγRIIIa ligand
Authors: Kosuge Hirofumi , Nagatoishi Satoru , Kiyoshi Masato , Ishii‐Watabe Akiko , Tanaka Toru , Terao Yosuke , Oe Seigo , Ide Teruhiko , Tsumoto Kouhei 
Published: May 2020

AbstractQuality control of monoclonal antibodies is challenging due in part to the diversity of post‐translational modifications present. The regulation of the N‐glycans of IgG‐Fc domain is one of the key factors to maintain the safety and efficacy of antibody drugs. The FcγRIIIa affinity column is an attractive tool for the precise analysis of the N‐glycans in IgG‐Fc domain. We used the mutant FcγRIIIa, which is produced in Escherichia coli and is therefore not glycosylated, as an affinity reagent to analyze the N‐glycans of monoclonal antibodies expressed in Expi293 and ExpiCHO cells. The monoclonal antibodies expressed in these cells showed very different chromatograms, because of differences in terminal galactose residues on the IgG‐Fc domains. We also carried out kinetic and thermodynamic analyses to understand the interaction between monoclonal antibodies and the mutant FcγRIIIa. Expi293 cell‐derived monoclonal antibodies had higher affinity for the mutant FcγRIIIa than those derived from ExpiCHO cells, due to slower off rates and lower binding entropy loss. Collectively, our results suggest that the FcγRIIIa column can be used to analyze the glycosylation of antibodies rapidly and specifically.