bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efektivitas stretching, passive activity dan VO2max dalam mencegah terjadinya delayed onset muscle soreness
Authors: Triansyah Andika , Haetami Mimi 
Published: June 2020

Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah: (1) Untuk mengetahui apakah ada perbedaan efektivitas active isolated stretching dan passive activity dalam mencegah terjadinya delayed onset muscle soreness setelah olahraga intensitas tinggi; (2) Untuk mengetahui apakah ada perbedaan efektivitas antara VO2Max tinggi dan VO2Max rendah dalam mencegah terjadinya delayed onset muscle soreness setelah olahraga intensitas tinggi; (3) Untuk mengetahui apakah ada interaksi antara active isolated stretching dan passive activity dengan VO2Max dalam mencegah terjadinya delayed onset muscle soreness setelah olahraga intensitas tinggi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah eksperimen. Bentuk penelitian menggunakan rancangan faktorial 2x2. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan menggunakan rumus dari Issac & Michael, sehingga didapat sampel sebanyak 40 orang. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan yang penulis lakukan pada penelitian ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa: (1) tidak ada perbedaan efektivitas Active Isolated Stretching dan passive activity dalam mencegah terjadinya Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness setelah olahraga intensitas tinggi. (2) Tidak ada perbedaan efektivitas antara VO2Max tinggi dan VO2Max rendah dalam mencegah terjadinya Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness setelah olahraga intensitas tinggi. (3) Tidak ada interaksi antara Active Isolated Stretching, Passive Activity dengan VO2Max dalam mencegah terjadinya Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness setelah olahraga intensitas tinggi. Effectiveness stretching, passive activity and VO2max prevent the delayed onset muscle soreness. Abstract The objectives of this study are: (1) To determine whether there are differences in the effectiveness of active isolated stretching and passive activity in preventing delayed onset of muscle soreness after high-intensity exercise; (2) To find out whether there is a difference in effectiveness between high VO2Max and low VO2Max in preventing delayed onset of muscle soreness after high-intensity exercise; (3) To determine whether there is an interaction between active isolated stretching and passive activity with VO2Max in preventing delayed onset of muscle soreness after high-intensity exercise. The method used in this research is an experiment. The analysis uses a 2x2 factorial design. Based on the results of research and discussion that the authors do in this study, it can be concluded that:(1) there is no difference in the effectiveness of Active Isolated Stretching and passive activity in preventing Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness after high-intensity exercise. (2) There is no difference in efficacy between high VO2Max and low VO2Max in preventing Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness after high-intensity exercise. (3) There is no interaction between Active Isolated Stretching, Passive Activity with VO2Max in preventing Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness after high-intensity exercise.
Peran orang tua dalam menghilangkan rasa canggung anak usia dini (studi kasus di desa karangbong rt. 06 rw. 02 Gedangan-Sidoarjo)
Authors: Adhimah Syifaul 
Published: June 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan peran serta strategi orang tua dalam menghilangkan rasa canggung anak usia dini di Desa Karangbong rt. 06 rw. 02 Gedangan-Sidoarjo. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian studi kasus. Pemilihan subjek penelitian dilakukan dengan teknik purposive sampling yaitu berjumlah dua keluarga. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan melalui tahap reduksi data, display data, dan verifikasi serta penarikan kesimpulan. Uji keabsahan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode triangulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) Orang tua merupakan kunci utama dalam menghilangkan rasa canggung pada anak. Orang tua memiliki peranan dalam lingkungan keluarga, dan tidak dapat diberikan di lembaga pendidikan. (2) Orang tua harus mencari sumber letak dimana anak merasa canggung. (3) Kembangkan terus kelebihan dan keistimewaan anak pada teman barunya agar anak tidak merasa canggung dalam bersosialisasi.
Opportunities and Recommendations for Improving Medication Safety: Understanding the Medication Management System in Primary Care Through an Abstraction Hierarchy
Authors: Baumgartner Andrew , Kunkes Taylor , Clark Collin M , Brady Laura A , Monte Scott V , Singh Ranjit , Wahler Jr Robert G , Chen Huei-Yen Winnie 
Published: June 2020

Background
Despite making great strides in improving the treatment of diseases, the minimization of unintended harm by medication therapy continues to be a major hurdle facing the health care system. Medication error and prescription of potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) represent a prevalent source of harm to patients and are associated with increased rates of adverse events, hospitalizations, and increased health care costs. Attempts to improve medication management systems in primary care have had mixed results. Implementation of new interventions is difficult because of complex contextual factors within the health care system. Abstraction hierarchy (AH), the first step in cognitive work analysis (CWA), is used by human factors practitioners to describe complex sociotechnical systems. Although initially intended for the nuclear power domain and interface design, AH has been used successfully to aid the redesign of numerous health care systems such as the design of decision support tools, mobile patient monitoring apps, and a telephone triage system.

Objective
This paper aims to refine our understanding of the primary care office in relation to a patient’s medication through the development of an AH. Emphasis was placed on the elements related to medication safety to provide guidance for the design of a safer medication management system in primary care.

Methods
The AH development was guided by the methodology used by seminal CWA literature. It was initially developed by 2 authors and later fine-tuned by an expert panel of clinicians, social scientists, and a human factors engineer. It was subsequently refined until an agreement was reached. A means-ends analysis was performed and described for the nodes of interest. The model represents the primary care office space through functional purposes, values and priorities, function-related purposes, object-related processes, and physical objects.

Results
This model depicts the medication management system at various levels of abstraction. The resulting components must be balanced and coordinated to provide medical treatment with limited health care resources. Understanding the physical and informational constraints on activities that occur in a primary care office depicted in the AH defines areas in which medication safety can be improved.

Conclusions
Numerous means-ends relationships were identified and analyzed. These can be further evaluated depending on the specific needs of the user. Recommendations for optimizing a medication management system in a primary care facility were made. Individual practices can use AH for clinical redesign to improve prescribing and deprescribing practices.
A New Examination of an Old Question: Is it Constitutional to Tax Marriage?
Authors: Yurko Amy , Cheng Christine , Morris Marc 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT
In 2015, the U.S. Supreme Court recognized the fundamental right to marry in Obergefell v. Hodges. At the same time, the tax code commonly taxes married couples at a higher effective tax rate than their unmarried counterparts. We examine the constitutionality of the penalty on marriage, critically reviewing the justification for the penalty accepted in Johnson v. U.S. in 1976. Our evaluation of the tax system suggests that the marriage tax penalty violates due process and may violate equal protection and the First Amendment for some taxpayers.
JEL Classifications: D15; H21; H24; H31; K34.
Does the Type of Solvent in Dental Adhesives Influence the Clinical Performance of Composite Restorations Placed in Noncarious Cervical Lesions? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Lins RBE , Sebold M , Magno MB , Maia LC , Martins LRM , Giannini M 
Published: June 2020

Clinical Relevance
According to the clinical and scientific evidence presented in this systematic review and meta-analysis, dental adhesives containing either organic solvent (acetone or alcohol) can be used to achieve similar clinical performance and longevity of composite restorations.

SUMMARY
Objectives: This systematic review and meta-analysis compared the clinical performance and survival rates of composite restorations placed in noncarious cervical lesions (NCCLs) using dental adhesives containing acetone or alcohol-based solvents.
Methods and Materials: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Virtual Health Library (VHL) LILACS, Cochrane Library, OpenGrey, Clinical Trials, and Rebec were searched. MeSH terms, supplementary concepts, synonyms, and free keywords were used in the search strategy. All references were crosschecked by two independent investigators following the PICOS strategy (population, NCCLs; intervention, acetone-based bonding agent; comparison, alcohol-based bonding agent; outcome, clinical evaluation parameters and survival rates; study design, randomized controlled clinical trials). Cochrane Collaboration’s tool was used to assess risk of bias, and two distinct meta-analyses were performed using the RevMan software. The prevalence of success and the total number of restorations for each group (acetone- or alcohol-based) were used to calculate the risk difference at a confidence interval of 95%. Random-effects models were applied, and heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 index in the pooled and subgrouped meta-analyses. The certainty of evidence was evaluated through the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach.
Results: A total of 7876 studies were retrieved, from which 27 studies were selected for the systematic review. Ten studies were classified as “low risk of bias” and included in the meta-analyses. Overall heterogeneity was not significant (I2 = 0.00%). The clinical performance of restorations placed with bonding agents based on both solvents for each of the available parameters presented no statistical significance for any of the meta-analyses (p&gt;0.05).
Conclusion: Scientific evidence suggests composite restorations placed with acetone or alcohol-based dental adhesives present similar clinical performance and survival rates in NCCLs.
Clinical Efficacy of Different Dentin Desensitizers
Authors: Eyüboğlu GB , Naiboğlu P 
Published: June 2020

Clinical RelevanceTeethmate Desensitizer, Clinpro White Varnish, Shield Force Plus, and Gluma could be recommended for treating dentin hypersensitivity in terms of clinical efficacy.SUMMARYObjective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of widely used dentindesensitizing agents (DDAs) (Teethmate Desensitizer, Clinpro White Varnish, Shield Force Plus, and Gluma) in the treatment of dentin hypersensitivity (DH) according to different evaluation parameters over a four-week follow-up period.Methods and Materials: This study was a randomized, single-center, controlled, parallel group study involving 144 teeth in 40 subjects. The baseline DH levels of the subjects were determined using different evaluation parameters. Daily life hypersensitivity and evaporative air stimulus hypersensitivity scores were recorded using a visual analog scale (VAS), and tactile hypersensitivity scores were recorded using a Yeaple probe and measured in grams and on the VAS. Subjects who experienced evaporative air stimulus DH (30–80 mm on the VAS) and tactile hypersensitivity (10–50 g with the Yeaple probe) were included in the study. After application of the DDAs, these evaluation parameters were recorded throughout the follow-up period (immediately after application and at one day and two and four weeks post-application).Results: All four DDAs demonstrated clinical dentin-desensitizing effects throughout the follow-up period according to evaporative air hypersensitivity, tactile sensitivity (g-VAS), and daily life hypersensitivity scores (p&lt;0.05). Only Clinpro White Varnish had tactile sensitivity (g) scores that were similar at baseline and the one-day follow-up (p&gt;0.05). A comparison of DH-reducing effects among the DDAs revealed that they yielded different results immediately after application and at the one-day follow-up time point, depending on which evaluation parameter was used. However, all DDAs showed similar DH-reducing effects at the two- and four-week follow-up time points.Conclusions: Teethmate Desensitizer, Clinpro White Varnish, Shield Force Plus, and Gluma DH showed clinical efficacy for four weeks. DDAs may produce inconsistent clinical evaluation scores not only across different evaluation parameters but also between early and later follow-up time points.
Repair Surface Conditioning Measures Affect Enamel and Dentin Bond Strength
Authors: Kanzow P , Piecha L , Biermann J , Wiegand A 
Published: June 2020

Clinical Relevance
Contamination of enamel and dentin with repair surface conditioning measures should be avoided.

SUMMARY
Objectives: To analyze whether the contamination with different repair conditioning measures impairs the adhesive performance of a universal adhesive applied in etch-and-rinse mode (ER) or self-etch mode (SE).
Methods and Materials: Bovine enamel and dentin surfaces (each subgroup n=16) were bonded with a universal adhesive in ER or SE after contamination with different repair conditioning measures (sandblasting, silica coating, hydrofluoric acid etching, self-etching ceramic primer). In half of the groups, sand-blasting, silica coating, and hydrofluoric acid etching was followed by the use of a universal primer. If the universal adhesive was applied in ER, contamination was performed either before or after phosphoric acid etching. If the universal adhesive was applied in SE, bonding was performed after contamination. In the control groups, no contamination was simulated. Shear bond strength (SBS) and failure modes of composite buildups were determined after thermal cycling (10,000 cycles, 5°C-55°C). Statistical analysis was performed using analyses of variance, Weibull statistics, and χ2 tests (p&lt;0.05).
Results: In ER, sandblasting and silica coating significantly reduced SBS (control: enamel =25.7±4.2 MPa; dentin = 22.0±5.3 MPa) only when performed after phosphoric acid etching. Contamination with hydrofluoric acid impaired SBS on enamel but not on dentin. The self-etching ceramic primer reduced SBS, but not significantly. The contamination with the universal primer had no significant effect. In SE, all repair conditioning measures except the universal primer reduced SBS (control: enamel = 20.3±5.5 MPa; dentin = 23.0±4.0 MPa).
Conclusion: Contamination of enamel and dentin by repair conditioning measures potentially affects bond strength.
Travel Behaviour of the Elderly in Planned and Unplanned Communities of Lagos Metropolis, Nigeria
Authors: Alade Wale , Olaseni Abubakar 
Published: June 2020

Interest in the study of travel behaviour of the elderly has been growing in the last two decades and many of the works done were concentrated in the global north. Evidence from literature reveals that most of these studies focus more on the impacts of individual and household socioeconomic attributes, urban form, travel attributes, and policy factors on the travel behaviour of the elderly, but less onthe influence of neighbourhood planning. This paper examined the travel behaviour of old people in Festac town (planned) and Ketu (unplanned) community of Lagos metropolis, southwest Nigeria to determine the influence of neighbourhood planning on travel pattern. The two neighbourhoods were carefully and purposively selected for collection of socio-economic and travel data through a structured questionnaire that was administered on 155 randomly selected elderly respondents. The study revealed significant differences and some similarities in respondents’ socio-economic and travel characteristics. Respondents from the planned community have a higher daily meantrip rate and mean trip time than those in unplanned community. Residents of the planned community also undertake higher work and social trips and rely on automobile more than those in unplanned community. Apart from the fact that the majority of respondents travel more during the off-peak period, frequent road congestion was reported as the top mobility challenge among respondents in the two neighbourhoods. The study concluded that neighbourhood planning affects travel behaviour and recommended a walkable neighbourhood concept and promotion of elderly-friendly public transport system for the study area.
Keywords: Aging, community, elderly, neighbourhood planning, travel behaviour.
Legitimising a Feminist Agenda: The #metoo petitions in Sweden 2017–2018
Authors: Hansson Karin , Sveningsson Malin , Ganetz Hillevi , Sandgren Maria 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
During 2017 and 2018, the #metoo hashtag united a global movement against sexual abuse and harassment. In Sweden, a large portion of the attention was given to the voices of working women, who organised and wrote petitions that were published in news media. Previous research has found that media reports of sexual abuse often focus on singular stories, rather than describing the underlying structural problems, and that the problem is often framed as an individual rather than structural problem. This article accounts for a qualitative content analysis of the first 28 published #metoo petitions in Sweden, with the goal of understanding how these framed the issue. In contrast to previous research, this study shows how the petitions established a coherent feminist explanatory framework that placed the problems on a structural level by focusing on work environments and framing demands in terms of general and perfectly reasonable human rights.
Cost-Savings and Patient Experience with a Pharmacy-Led Medicare Part D Consultation Service
Authors: Murry Logan , Gerleman Brandon , Deng Huiwen , Urmie Julie 
Published: June 2020

Background: There are many Medicare Part D plans, making it difficult for patients to choose the optimal plan. The decision to remain on current Medicare plans is reinforced by patient inertia and uncertainty associated with plan-switching decisions. By helping patients identify more cost-effective plans, pharmacists and pharmacy personnel have the ability to inform plan-switching decisions resulting in lower out-of-pocket (OOP) costs.
Objectives: This study evaluates 1) patient experience with a pharmacy Medicare Part D consultation service and 2) potential out-of-pocket savings based on a patient’s best plan for 2019 compared to continuation of a patient’s 2018 Medicare Part D plan.
Methods: This study was a retrospective descriptive analysis and took place at a single, independently owned community pharmacy. Patients received free individual consultations with a pharmacist that included a medication review and information on all available Part D plans. Patients were selected to receive the service using pharmacy software to identify potential inefficiencies in current Part D plans. Data on satisfaction and perceived pharmacist role in providing Medicare Part D information were collected via an in-person survey administered at the pharmacy. Potential out-of-pocket cost savings were determined using cost information provided for patient specific medication regimens entered into Medicare.gov, the online platform for Medicare Part D plan information.
Results: Of the 318 patients identified, 79 used the consultation service. Out of 79 patients who used the service in fall of 2017, 44 completed the survey for a response rate of 56%.
Patients generally reported good experiences with the service. Open-ended responses revealed patients utilize a variety of helpers for plan information and decisions. A subset of 14 patients were identified as having clear plan-switching decisions and were included in the cost-savings analysis.
Conclusions: Patients using a free Medicare Part D plan consultation were satisfied with the service, suggesting that helpers were an important resource n their plan-selection process. Using the pharmacist-led Part D consultation may result in decreases in out-of-pocket cost savings due to identification of optimal Medicare Part D plans.

Article Type: Note
Karakteristik Fisiokimia dan Organoleptik Bakso Ikan Kembung (Rastrelliger Kanagurta) dengan Subtitusi Wortel (Daucus Carota)
Authors: Ferantika Cindy Nafa , Haryati Sri , Larasati Dewi 
Published: June 2020

<div><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="right"><tbody><tr><td align="left" valign="top"><p class="BasicParagraph">Ikan kembung (Rastrelliger neglectus) merupakan jenis ikan ekonomis penting yang banyak ditangkap maupun dikonsumsi di Indonesia. Wortel adalah tumbuhan jenis sayuran umbi yang biasanya berwarna kuning kemerahan dengan tekstur serupa kayu. Bakso merupakan bahan pangan sumber protein hewani alternatif yang relatif murah. Daya konsumsi masyarakat terutama anak-anak yang rendah terhadap sayuran wortel maka dari itu bakso ikan kembung ditambah sayuran wortel agar tinggi vitamin dan meningkatkan daya konsumsi terhadap wortel. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perbedaan subtitusi wortel dan ikan kembung pada bakso ikan kembung terhadap sifat fisikokimia dan organoleptik bakso ikan kembung yang dihasilkan. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan satu faktor yaitu substitusi wortel dan ikan kembung dengan 5 perlakuan dan 4 kali ulangan. Dengan pengukuran variabel yaitu kadar lemak, kadar air, kadar protein, vitamin A, tekstur (kekenyalan). Uji hedonik rasa dan warna. Subtitusi ikan kembung dan wortel berpengaruh nyata (p&lt;0,05) terhadap sifat kimia (kadar air, protein, kadar lemak, vitamin A), organoleptik (rasa, dan warna) dan tidak beda nyata terhadap sifat fisik yaitu tekstur pada bakso ikan kembung dengan subtitusi wortel.</p><p class="BasicParagraph"> </p></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
Konsentrasi Garam Terhadap Sifat Kimia, Fisik dan Organoleptik Bekasam Ikan Kurisi (Nemipterus nemathophorus)
Authors: Marantika Nadia Anggi , Haryati Sri , Sudjatinah Sudjatinah 
Published: June 2020

<p class="BasicParagraph">Bekasam merupakan produk fermentasi sebagai hasil atau produk ikan awetan yang diolah secara tradisional dengan metode penggaraman. Berkaitan dengan hal tersebut maka dilakukan penelitian dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh berbagai konsentrasi garam terbaik terhadap pembuatan bekasam. Sampel yang digunakan merupakan ikan kurisi (Nemipterus nemathophorus) yang diperoleh dari TPI Rembang yang diberi perlakuan konsentrasi garam yang berbeda dan difermentai selama 7 hari. Parameter yang diamati adalah uji kadar air, tekstur analyzer, pH, kadar protein, aroma, warna dan tekstur pada bekasam. Metode penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) denggan 5 perlakuan (20%, 25%, 30%, 35% dan 40%) b/b. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa bekasam ikan kurisi dengan konsentrasi garam 40% memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda nyata (P &lt; 0,05) dengan hasil penelitian diperoleh tekstur kadar air sebesar 51,06%, (Texture Analyzer) memiliki nilai 998,59gr/mm, pH dengan nilai 3,43, kadar protein memiliki nilai 14,121%, dan uji organoleptik mutu hedonik terhadap parameter aroma dengan skor 5,50, warna dengan skor 5,87 dan tekstur (kekerasan) dengan skor 5,87.</p><p class="BasicParagraph"> </p>