bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A courageous journey: Experiences of migrant Philippine nurses in Norway
Authors: Nortvedt Line , Lohne Vibeke , Dahl Kari 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAims and objectivesTo explore how Philippine‐educated nurses explain their choice of Norway as their migration destination and their experience with the credential assessment process in Norway.BackgroundNorway has an increasing need for nurses, and nurses educated in non‐EU countries are an important resource for the Norwegian health service. Philippine nurses compose the largest group of internationally educated nurses from outside the EU, but their Philippine nursing education is only credited as equivalent to 2 years in Norway. Migration is known to engender stressful experiences amongst migrant nurses, which may affect their health. However, studies on Philippine nurses' experiences of migrating to and working in Norway are lacking.Design and methodsThe study used a hermeneutic design, conducting qualitative research interviews with ten Philippine nurses. All of them had a certification as auxiliary nurses, but not as registered nurses. The Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research is used.ResultsThe nurses' choice of a migration country appeared to be both random and based on the opportunity to find well‐paid work, as well as having acquaintances who had already migrated to Norway. The migrated Philippine nurses seemed experienced and competent. In Norway, they were disappointed as they felt undervalued. The nurses struggled to learn Norwegian, while striving for survival when acquiring jobs or accommodations. They were excluded from acting as legal nurses in the Norwegian healthcare system; they fulfilled the governmental requirements, but they were repeatedly rejected. The informants saw this as harsh, but still hoped to be successful.ConclusionsThere is a need to facilitate effective language training and a well‐founded, predictable system of credentialing.Relevance to clinical practiceAttention should be paid to the integration of immigrants and safeguarding and strengthening the professional competence the nurses bring with them.
Efficacy of different copper compounds in the control of Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri pathotypes A and A*
Authors: Heydarpanah Sareh , Rezaei Rasool , Taghavi Seyed Mohsen , Charehgani Habiballah 
Published: November 2019

AbstractCitrus canker disease is one of the most devastating diseases that attacks citrus, especially limes in the Southern parts of Iran, and is caused by Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri (Xcc). The efficacy of several formulations of copper compounds including Bordeaux mixture, copper oxychloride and copper sulphate in controlling Xcc in Key lime was estimated in vitro and in planta using artificial inoculation. Specific primers were used to detect copper‐resistant genes copA, copB and copL in 30 isolates of Xcc. The copA and copL genes were present in all isolates, and copB was detected only in 6 strains. In this study, we observed a very good in vitro growth inhibition activity of copper compounds against Xcc pathotype A. S14 strain (pathotype A*) was the sole isolate that grew on media amended with 2/4 mM of Bordeaux mixture, copper oxychloride and copper sulphate. All other strains (pathotype A) failed to grow on media amended with this concentration. Bordeaux mixture exhibited high efficacy in controlling Xcc in both conditions. However, there were no significant differences in the efficacy of copper oxychloride and copper sulphate at 1.2 mM concentration in planta. A significantly minimum canker necrotic spot and highest disease control was achieved with Bordeaux mixture and copper oxychloride. There was a significant difference in disease severity of the type strain LMG9322 (pathotype A) and Xcc strain S14 (pathotype A*). Our experiments showed that Bordeaux mixture exhibited satisfactory efficacy in controlling the causal agent of citrus canker.
Assessment of simultaneous addition of sucrose and xanthan effects on the thermal, pasting, and rheological behavior of corn starch
Authors: Zolelmein Aida , Movahhed Sara , Azizi Mohammad Hossein , Ahmadi Chenarbon Hossein 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThermal, pasting, and rheological properties of starch‐based systems are the key characteristics for its processing. This study aimed to investigate the main and interactive effects of sucrose and xanthan on the thermal, pasting, and rheological behavior of corn starch. A central composite design (CCD) was used to evaluate the effect of simultaneous addition of sucrose and xanthan on some processing properties of starch‐based systems. The results showed that besides the xanthan and sucrose effects (p < .001), the interactions played a significant role in all considered properties of corn starch except the flow behavior index (p < .05). Adding xanthan and sucrose increased the transition temperatures and the enthalpy change (ΔH) of the starch gelatinization, while they increased all pasting properties except setback viscosity. Statistical analysis results revealed the synergistic effects due to adding xanthan and sucrose on the thermal and pasting properties of starch. These were ascribed to the first‐ and second‐order interaction effects (p < .05). Regression models proposed for prediction of all considered properties of the starch‐based mixtures in the range of selected factors (R2 > 0.88). The Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR) spectra revealed an increase in hydrogen bonding by increasing xanthan and sucrose. Since the formation of hydrogen bonds between mixture components could be affected the considered properties of the starch pastes.Practical applicationsStarch‐based foods are the most frequently consumed kind of foods in the developing countries, which provide a great deal of energy, and nutrients in a healthy diet. Therefore, the production of these kinds of food products is of great importance. The gelatinization, pasting, and rheological properties of starch‐based foods are imperative aspects in its processing. These properties show differences according to the presence of other ingredients such as hydrocolloids and sweeteners. Since the addition of xanthan as hydrocolloid and sugar as a common sweetener in starch‐based foods, affect optimal processing condition. Knowing the effects of the hydrocolloid and sweetener addition on thermal, pasting, and rheological properties of starch systems, help to improve the process and finding optimal process conditions for the production of sauces, baby foods, bread, confectionery, etc.
Dynamically consistent alpha‐maxmin expected utility
Authors: Beissner Patrick , Lin Qian , Riedel Frank 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe alpha‐maxmin model is a prominent example of preferences under Knightian uncertainty as it allows to distinguish ambiguity and ambiguity attitude. These preferences are dynamically inconsistent for nontrivial versions of alpha. In this paper, we derive a recursive, dynamically consistent version of the alpha‐maxmin model. In the continuous‐time limit, the resulting dynamic utility function can be represented as a convex mixture between worst and best case, but now at the local, infinitesimal level.We study the properties of the utility function and provide an Arrow–Pratt approximation of the static and dynamic certainty equivalent. We then derive a consumption‐based capital asset pricing formula and study the implications for derivative valuation under indifference pricing.
Persistence of an endangered native duck, feral mallards, and multiple hybrid swarms across the main Hawaiian Islands
Authors: Wells Caitlin P. , Lavretsky Philip , Sorenson Michael D. , Peters Jeffrey L. , DaCosta Jeffrey M. , Turnbull Stephen , Uyehara Kimberly J. , Malachowski Christopher P. , Dugger Bruce D. , Eadie John M. , Engilis Andrew 
Published: November 2019

AbstractInterspecific hybridization is recognized as an important process in the evolutionary dynamics of both speciation and the reversal of speciation. However, our understanding of the spatial and temporal patterns of hybridization that erode versus promote species boundaries is incomplete. The endangered, endemic koloa maoli (or Hawaiian duck, Anas wyvilliana) is thought to be threatened with genetic extinction through ongoing hybridization with an introduced congener, the feral mallard (A. platyrhynchos). We investigated spatial and temporal variation in hybrid prevalence in populations throughout the main Hawaiian Islands, using genomic data to characterize population structure of koloa, quantify the extent of hybridization, and compare hybrid proportions over time. To accomplish this, we genotyped 3,308 double‐digest restriction‐site‐associated DNA (ddRAD) loci in 425 putative koloa, mallards, and hybrids from populations across the main Hawaiian Islands. We found that despite a population decline in the last century, koloa genetic diversity is high. There were few hybrids on the island of Kauaʻi, home to the largest population of koloa. By contrast, we report that sampled populations outside of Kauaʻi can now be characterized as hybrid swarms, in that all individuals sampled were of mixed koloa × mallard ancestry. Further, there is some evidence that these swarms are stable over time. These findings demonstrate spatial variation in the extent and consequences of interspecific hybridization, and highlight how islands or island‐like systems with small population sizes may be especially prone to genetic extinction when met with a congener that is not reproductively isolated.
How to Deceive by Way of the Truth: Marx and the Critique of Political Theology
Authors: Turner Denys 
Published: November 2019

AbstractFour ways of deceiving, whether in individuals or structurally embodied in social practices, contribute to a generic notion of a performative contradiction – an intentional structure of behavior such that a person or a social practice in declaring something, p, does something to do which is to declare the contradictory of p. Such is the formal structure of “ideology” as Marx conceives of it, and in two successive and different assessments of Christianity, in 1843 (atheist and much influenced by Feuerbach) and 1844 post‐atheist, he deems Christianity to be inherently and so unrescuably to possess that ideological form. Christian theologians need to deal with this meta‐critique of Christianity before attempting any formulation of a political theology, affirmative or negative.
‘The Only Creature God Willed For Its Own Sake’: Anthropocentrism in Laudato Si’ and Gaudium et Spes
Authors: Grey Carmody T. S. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe Second Vatican Council’s constitution Gaudium et Spes stated that man is ‘the only creature on earth that God has willed for its own sake’. Post‐conciliar Catholic teaching on the environment largely reproduced this anthropocentric theology. Pope Francis’ encyclical letter Laudato Si’, however, appears directly to contradict this well‐established tradition with its repeated assertions of the intrinsic value of nonhuman life and its critical approach to the term ‘anthropocentrism’.Questioning this putative discontinuity, this article challenges the perception that Laudato Si’ has definitively rejected anthropocentrism. It suggests that the claim for the intrinsic value of nonhuman life, and the traditional assertion that man is the only creature willed for its own sake, can be seen to converge in light of the traditional theological anthropology of the human being as microcosm. On this view, the centrality of the human person in the order of creation is constituted by its gathering up of the sakes of creatures. The distinctive place of the human does not come at the expense of the rest of creation, but rather is the means of creation’s movement towards the unity and harmony to which God calls it. Laudato Si’ is distinguished not by its rejection of anthropocentrism, but by its refusal to set human and nonhuman over against one another. In contrast, the language of ‘intrinsic value’ is criticised for conceiving created value as a zero‐sum game, as though human and nonhuman value are in competition with one another; the language of ‘stewardship’ is criticised for its extrinsicist conception of the human being in the natural order.
Stress‐induced modulation of vagal afferents
Authors: Browning Kirsteen N. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractVagally dependent gastric functions, including motility, tone, compliance, and emptying rate, play an important role in the regulation of food intake and satiation. Vagal afferent fibers relay sensory information from the stomach, including meal‐related information, centrally and initiate co‐ordinated autonomic efferent responses that regulate upper gastrointestinal responses. The purpose of this mini‐review is to highlight several recent studies which have uncovered the remarkable degree of neuroplasticity within gastric mechanosensitive vagal afferents and the recent study by Li et al, in this issue of Neurogastroenterology and Motility, who show that the mechanosensitivity of gastric vagal afferents is dysregulated in a murine model of chronic stress. The authors demonstrate that both gastric mucosal and tension afferents are hypersensitive following chronic stress, and responses to mucosal stroking and muscle stretch are enhanced significantly. As gastric distension and volumetric signaling is important in satiety signaling and meal termination, this may provide a mechanistic basis for the gastric hypersensitivity associated with stress‐associated clinical problems such as functional dyspepsia.
Cyclophilin OsCYP20‐2 with a novel variant integrates defense and cell elongation for chilling response in rice
Authors: Ge Qiang , Zhang Yuanyuan , Xu Yunyuan , Bai Mingyi , Luo Wei , Wang Bo , Niu Yuda , Zhao Yuan , Li Shanshan , Weng Yuxiang , Wang Zhiyong , Qian Qian , Chong Kang 
Published: November 2019

Summary

Coordinating stress defense and plant growth is a survival strategy for adaptation to different environments that contains a series of processes, such as, cell growth, division and differentiation. However, little is known about the coordination mechanism for protein conformation change.

A cyclophilin OsCYP20‐2 with a variant interacts with SLENDER RICE1 (SLR1) and OsFSD2 in the nucleus and chloroplasts, respectively, to integrate chilling tolerance and cell elongation in rice (Oryza sativa) (FSD2, Fe-superoxide dismutase 2).

Mass spectrum assay showed that OsNuCYP20‐2 localized at the nucleus (nuclear located OsCYP20‐2) was a new variant of OsCYP20‐2 that truncated 71 amino‐acid residues in N‐terminal. The loss‐of function OsCYP20‐2 mutant showed sensitivity to chilling stress with accumulation of extra reactive oxygen species (ROS). In chloroplasts, the full‐length OsCYP20‐2 promotes OsFSD2 forming homodimers which enhance its activity, eliminating the accumulation of ROS under chilling stress. However, the mutant had shorter epidermal cells in comparison with wild‐type Hwayoung (HY). In the nucleus, OsCYP20‐2 caused conformation change of SLR1 to promote its degradation for cell elongation.

Our data reveal a cyclophilin with a variant with dual‐localization in chloroplasts and the nucleus, which mediate chilling tolerance and cell elongation.
Inhibitory effect of serotype a of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans on the increased destructive potential of serotype b
Authors: Rojas Leticia , Melgar‐Rodríguez Samanta , Díaz‐Zúñiga Jaime , Alvarez Carla , Monasterio Gustavo , Rojas Carolina , Cafferata Emilio A. , Hernández Marcela , Cortéz Cristian , Carvajal Paola , Vernal Rolando 
Published: November 2019

ObjectiveThe serotype b of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (A. actinomycetemcomitans) induces higher cytokine production in dendritic cells (DCs) compared with the other serotypes. However, this increased immunostimulatory potential was modified when DCs were co‐infected with the other A. actinomycetemcomitans serotypes. This study aimed to analyze whether the production of interferon gamma (IFN‐γ), C‐reactive protein (CRP), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‐2, and MMP‐9, as well as the activity of osteoclasts, also varies when DCs are co‐infected with the A. actinomycetemcomitans serotypes.Materials and MethodsHuman DCs were stimulated with the A. actinomycetemcomitans serotypes using the following stimulatory conditions: serotype a/b/c/a+b/a+c/b+c/a+b+c. The IFN‐γ, CRP, and MMP‐2 levels were quantified by ELISA. The active form of MMP‐9 was quantified using fluorescent functional assays. The MMP‐2 gelatinolytic activity was identified by zymogram. The osteoclast activity was determined by quantifying the TRAP expression and resorption‐pit formation using cytochemistry and osteoassays.ResultsHigher levels of IFN‐γ, CRP, MMP‐2, MMP‐9, and osteoclast activity were detected when DCs were stimulated with the serotype b of A. actinomycetemcomitans compared with the others. This increased immunostimulatory potential attributed to serotype b diminished when DCs were co‐infected with the serotype a.ConclusionsThis study provides new insights into the virulence of A. actinomycetemcomitans and reveals important differences in the immunostimulatory and pro‐destructive potential among its serotypes.
Naming, race, and white supremacy in the teaching of religion and Islam: Incorporating intersectional interventions
Authors: Nguyen Martin 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe need to confront issues of race and white supremacy in our teaching of religion is critically important, but through the pedagogical convention of naming, we take the first step in inviting our students to understand the hows and whys of it. I will explore the ways that Charles Long's theory of signification and counter‐signification can be pedagogically deployed to incorporate intersectional interventions in the teaching of religion in America, specifically in the case of an Islam in America course.
Time, structure, and teaching as an adjunct
Authors: Lee Hoon J. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractContingent teaching has become the norm in most institutions. While the use of adjuncts and other non‐tenure track professors shows no sign of slowing down, the nature of contingent teaching is less known. This article examines how contingent teaching directly impacts the professor's teaching. My experience teaching religious studies courses from 2014 to the present has shown how contingent status affects significant issues such as the time and structure of teaching. Time is an essential component in teaching well. How the course is structured is equally important, or perhaps even more so, and has significant ramifications for a course. However, the nature of contingent labor impacts how time and structure is implemented in a course. This influences how I interact with the course material, the students, the department, and my ability to teach. See companion essays published in this issue of the journal by Adam Wirrig, Bradley Burroughs, Kyle Schenkewitz, and Charles Harrell.
The learning community: An essential for education as the practice of freedom
Authors: Parker Evelyn L. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractOne of four short essays published in this issue of the journal to celebrate the 25th anniversary of bell hooks's classic book, Teaching to Transgress (1994). The authors reflect on the importance of this text for their teaching, when they discovered it, and how it has shaped their approach to the classroom, as illustrated in a particular teaching strategy or assignment that they have used that is inspired by the book.
Practicing Teaching to Transgress
Authors: Williams Montague R. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractOne of four short essays published in this issue of the journal to celebrate the 25th anniversary of bell hooks's classic book, Teaching to Transgress (1994). The authors reflect on the importance of this text for their teaching, when they discovered it, and how it has shaped their approach to the classroom, as illustrated in a particular teaching strategy or assignment that they have used that is inspired by the book.
Laparoscopic resection of an exostosis of the os pubis in a horse
Authors: Delcazo Mario , Geburek Florian , Köhler Kernt , Röcken Michael , Theiss Felix 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo report the diagnostic findings and laparoscopic removal of an exostosis of the os pubis in a horse.Study designCase report.AnimalOne 12‐year‐old Black Forest draught gelding.MethodsHistory included recurrent colic before and during urination and poor performance. Findings at rectal examination included a pointed osseous prominence adjacent to the symphysis of the pecten ossis pubis. Cystoscopy revealed that this prominence caused a protrusion of the bladder wall into the lumen. Standing laparoscopy and laparoscopy under general anesthesia were performed.ResultsAfter a failed attempt at standing laparoscopy, the horse was anesthetized, and the exostosis of the os pubis was removed laparoscopically without complications. No recurrence of clinical signs associated with the exostosis was detected 12 months postoperatively.ConclusionMinimally invasive surgical resection of an exostosis of the os pubis was achieved under general anesthesia with appropriately designed instruments. This treatment alleviated symptoms associated with the exostosis, including potential injury of the urinary bladder wall.
Identification of cutaneous arteries of the perineal and caudal thigh region: A cadaveric study in 12 cats
Authors: Andries Courtney V. , Degner Daniel A. , Ibrahim Mohammed 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the location of the dorsal perineal artery in cats and identify landmarks for axial pattern flaps based on this vessel.Study designAnatomic study.AnimalsTwelve feline cadavers.MethodsNonselective barium sulfate angiography was performed via injection of the descending aorta. Skin excised from the perineum and thighs was evaluated via gross inspection and radiography to identify angiosomes.ResultsThe dorsal perineal artery had a robust angiosome on the caudal thigh in 10 of 12 cadavers. The artery exited the ischiorectal fossa along the muscular furrow between the biceps femoris and semitendinosus muscles and passed sagittally toward the popliteal fossa in those 10 specimens. All cadavers had a consistent angiosome based on the ventral perineal artery, which was located on the caudomedial thigh. All cadavers also had a consistent angiosome from a cutaneous branch of the popliteal artery, which traveled in a distal to proximal direction starting at the popliteal fossa.ConclusionThe dorsal perineal artery had a large cutaneous angiosome on the caudal thigh, which was consistent in most cats. The ventral perineal artery and cutaneous branch of the popliteal artery had consistent but smaller cutaneous angiosomes.Clinical significanceThe axial pattern flaps of the cutaneous branches of the dorsal and ventral perineal arteries and the popliteal artery provide a robust arterial blood supply to the skin of the perineum and the caudal thigh. These three flaps may therefore have adequate vascular supply to consistently survive in most cats.