bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Case Study of Snapshot Replication and Transfer of Data in Distributed Databases
Authors: Hamad Thalij Saadi , Hakkoymaz Veli 
Published: May 2020

The database replication refers to distributing a database among multiple locations. There are three kinds of database replication system: snapshot, transactional and merge. The snapshot replication refers to the fragment of database items and distributing them to multi databases at once. An important goal in this paper is to experiment with a distributed database study the snapshot replication and examine the issues associated with it. In this work, the data from another database is used to increase availability and flexibility as well as provide the information exchange between databases. In this process, the data is infrequently updated at specified periods by copying and changing the data from the original database towards the subscriber database. The work of agents in this technology will do the most of the work to achieve the stated goal. The experimental results show that at both vertical and horizontal fragmentation, the proposed approach of replicating distributed database is efficient and the performance is significantly improved in terms of data transfer time, load sharing and update of database fragmentation. Hence the snapshot replication system is much schedulable and protective replication in business markets.

http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.23.2018.177
Arduino – Based Electronic Voting Machine
Authors: Al-jawaherry Marwa Adeeb 
Published: May 2020

The main objective of this paper is to design and implement Electronic Voting Machine (EVM) using fingerprint sensor for authentication. The design is based on the microcontroller (Arduino Mega 2560), fingerprint sensor for scanning voter’s fingerprint before voting, “2.4” TFT LCD screen for displaying the instructions and voter information, Buzzer, SD card reader. System database comprising password ID for all voters and fingerprint are stored in microcontroller for comparing and verification during polling. If already voter casted his vote and he/she trying to enter for second time into the electronic voting machine, then buzzer will alert the master user. The proposed Electronic Voting Machine will save the time and effort of voters as it is characterized by reliability and ease of use in addition to rapid response to users. At the end of the ballot, the result will be stored in flash memory through which the master user can retrieve and see them. During the construction of any electronic voting system, several aspects must consider, the most important is the privacy of voters and the accuracy of the voting process in addition to maintaining the security of data, this research provides a safe and reliable voting system.

http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.23.2018.178
Antibacterial Effect of Alcoholic Extract of Juglans regia L. stem bark and Inner Stratum of Oak Fruit (Jaft) on Staphylococcus aureus isolated from wound infection
Authors: Azeez Khalid1 Sarwa , A. Jaafar2 Nihad 
Published: May 2020

Staphylococcus aureus can cause a wide spectrum of infections ranging from wound infections to life threatening systemic illnesses. These bacteria have multi drug resistance and can be difficult to treat. This study included a total of 20 Staphylococcus aureus isolated from wound infection, identification of Staphylococcus aureus was based on growth on manitol salt agar, DNase test, coagulase test. Alcoholic extract of inner stratum of Oak (Jaft) and stem bark of Juglans regia L. were tested for the activity against this bacterium by determination the Minimum Inhibitbitory Concentration (MIC). The results showed that both Jaft and Juglans regia L. stem bark extract have effect against Staphylococcus aureus ,the values of MIC of Jaft extract against isolates ranged between o.39 -12.5mg/ml with average of 3.9 mg/ml, and the values of MIC of Juglans regia L. stem bark ranged between 0.39-12.5mg/ml with average of 6.3 mg/ml.
This study aimed to know the effect of alcoholic extract of inner stratum of oak (Jaft) and stem bark of Juglans regia L. on Staphylococcus aureus isolated from the wound infection by using MIC method.

http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.025
Synthesis and Study of some Heterocyclic Compounds from Schiff Base of Pinacolone
Authors: Ahmad N.G. , . Aziz H.S , Th. Sedeek G. 
Published: May 2020

In this work, the synthesis of some heterocyclic compound of four, five and seven membered rings were done. On oxidation of the pinacole alcohol using concentrated sulphuric acid pinacolone were obtained and used as a precursor for the synthesis of three new Schiffs base through the reaction with para substituted anilines compounds. These imines were allowed to react with chloroacetyl chloride in dry dioxane to give the azetadine -2- one compounds. Also some thiazoldinone compounds were synthesized from the reaction of the corresponding imines with thioglycolic acid in the presence of zinc chloride in dry benzene and 1, 3-oxazepine-4,7-diones, were obtained from the reaction of imines with maleic and phythalic anhydries in dry benzene. The synthesized compounds were characterized by IR spectroscopy and physical paramrters.

http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.031
Treatments and Prophylactics for a Global Emergency Alert: COVID 19 using Allopathic and Indian Phytomedicine
Authors: Aravindhanathan Venkatesan  , Sudhakar Kothandan  , Arun Radhakrishnan  , Gowthamarajan Kuppuswamy  , Dhanabal Palanisamy  , Balasubramanian Somanathan  , Suresh Bhojraj  
Published: May 2020

SARS CoV 2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome novel corona virus-2) to which the world paid the complete attention to face the Global Emergency Alert. COVID 19 was first identified in Wuhan, province in China on December, 2020. The virus was originated from the Bats and transmitted through other intermediary animals. There are around 12.7 lakhs reported cases and more than 69.4 thousands deaths (06/04/2020) which pave the way for having the health crises in the entire world’s population. The governing bodies of the various countries are quarantining their people to avoid the various stages of CoV spreading. Compared to the SARS CoV (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus) and MERS CoV (Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus), the fatality rate was lower. But it provides the major impacts on elder population (fatality rate more than 40-50 %). Normal/ low white cell counts with elevated CRP (C-reactive protein ) severs as the laboratory findings for the SARS CoV 2 with the symptoms of cough, sneeze, difficulties in breathing and fever followed by ARDS (Acute respiratory distress syndrome) and multi organ dysfunction. By complete understanding of CoV 2 Pathogenesis, presently many drugs are repositioning to completely eradicate the COVID 19. So many drugs are under clinical trials in which the Hydroxychloroquine produces the greater effects on SARS CoV. Likewise many drugs are subjected to this mega clinical trial by repositioning the drugs. AYUSH recommends some of the prophylactics and dietary supplements for the COVID 19. This global emergency was not only for the researchers but also all professionals and their impact to the world’s developed and developing countries still unknown.
Pokok-Pokok Pikiran Mengenai Pembangunan Kemandirian Industri Pertahanan Indonesia Dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 16 Tahun 2012 Tentang Industri Pertahanan
Authors: Susdarwono Endro Tri 
Published: May 2020

<p>Tujuan penelitian ini membahas mengenai deskripsi pokok-pokok pikiran mengenai pembangunan kemandirian industri pertahanan Indonesia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif, tipe penelitiannya menggunakan kajian komprehensif analitis dan pendekatannya normatif analitis. Undang-undang industri pertahanan mengatur bahwa industri pertahanan terdiri atas industri alat utama, industri komponen utama dan penunjang, industri komponen dan pendukung (perbekalan), serta industri bahan baku. Dari awal, pemerintah sudah mengatur bahwa BUMN pertahanan menjadi industri alat utama sekaligus pemandu utama (<em>lead integrator</em>) yang menghasilkan alat utama sistem senjata dan/atau mengintegrasikan semua komponen utama, komponen, dan bahan baku menjadi alat utama. Pertahanan Indonesia memerlukan kebijakan yang lebih progresif untuk mengejar ketertinggalan dalam penguasaan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi (iptek) bidang pertahanan, serta dalam rangka mewujudkan kemandirian Industri Pertahanan (Indhan). Kemandirian industri pertahanan sangat bergantung pada tiga pilar pelaku iptek, yaitu perguruan tinggi dan Lembaga Litbang, industri, dan user (TNI sebagai pengguna). Oleh sebab itu, pemerintah merumuskan kebijakan terpadu bidang iptek dan industri pertahanan yang diarahkan pada kebutuhan industri pertahanan. Pokok-pokok pikiran mengenai pembangunan kemandirian industri pertahanan Indonesia meliputi: pembentukan dan penguatan KKIP (Komite Kebijakan Industri Pertahanan), pembinaan industri utama dan pendukung, pendanaan industri pertahanan, mandiri dalam membuat/memproduksi, peningkatan kemampuan dan penguasaan teknologi industri pertahanan lewat sistem nasional, <em>Research and development</em> (R &amp; D), kekuatan pertahanan minimum / Minimum Essential Force (MEF) dan Industri Pertahanan.</p>
A infância e a educação infantil no campo: como anda este diálogo?
Authors: Lima Costa Menezes Cláudia Celeste 
Published: May 2020

A pesquisa intitulada A Infância e a Educação Infantil no Campo: como anda este diálogo? tem como objetivo central analisar como se encontra o diálogo entre a infância, os saberes e as práticas vivenciadas na Educação Infantil do Campo, partindo do seguinte questionamento: Existe uma relação efetiva e congruente entre a infância, os saberes e a prática pedagógica de Educação Infantil do Campo que assegure a qualidade do processo educativo e a formação do cidadão do campo? O estudo evidencia a infância, os marcos legais, destacando os percursos, os avanços e os entraves da legislação brasileira e das políticas públicas para a Educação Infantil do Campo revelando os percalços enfrentados para o desenvolvimento de uma prática pedagógica democrática e de qualidade que valorize a infância no campo. A pesquisa tem um caráter qualitativo, fundamentada na abordagem fenomenológica e no método etnográfico, tendo como opção metodológica o estudo de caso. Esta pesquisa teve como locus uma instituição educativa de um município baiano, situada no campo. Foram aplicados os instrumentos da observação, entrevista semi-estruturada e grupo focal. Os dados coletados foram analisados através da interpretação da análise do conteúdo, apresentando resultados significativos para o desenvolvimento da Educação Infantil do município e região. Os estudos e as reflexões realizadas possibilitaram afirmar que existe um diálogo tímido entre a infância, os saberes e as práticas pedagógicas, decorrentes da não implementação das políticas públicas, fator que compromete a qualidade e o desenvolvimento da Educação Infantil do Campo.
Cronologias da infância e disputas de representações em textos eclesiásticos e jurídicos no Brasil Império
Authors: Tuchinski dos Anjos Juarez José 
Published: May 2020

Na medida em que a historiografia compreende a infância como uma construção social sobre um período da vida humana que informa as experiências concretas de ser criança na história (CUNNINGHAN, 1997), torna-se relevante estudar como, em determinados contextos, se procurou delimitar cronologicamente a sua duração e, de que maneira, diferentes instituições, ao produzirem sobre ela distintas representações (CHARTIER, 2002), disputaram para si esse tempo da vida. Assim, valendo-se da noção de lutas de representações (CHARTIER, 2002), o objetivo do artigo é identificar as representações sobre as cronologias da infância presentes em textos eclesiásticos e jurídicos em circulação no Brasil Império, evidenciando como disputavam entre si e eram postas a serviço dos interesses da Igreja e do Estado, formados, então, por três grupos distintos: os regalistas, os liberais e os ultramontanos. Utilizando-se a metodologia histórica, as fontes interrogadas são as Constituições Primeiras do Arcebispado da Bahia e o Abecedário Jurídico, de Carlos Antonio Cordeiro. As conclusões, num primeiro momento, apontam que as cronologias encontradas praticamente coincidem entre si, sendo a infância, para a Igreja e o Estado, o período da vida da criança que ia do nascimento aos doze/catorze anos (no caso de meninas/meninos). Todavia, um olhar aprofundado deixa entrever que a Igreja, por meio das cronologias que propunha, conseguia manter-se mais presente e influente na vida das famílias e das crianças, na medida em que através de uma série de subdivisões e responsabilidades, preenchia com inúmeras especificidades todo o tempo da vida da criança que procurava delimitar.
Apresentação Dossiê Representações da infância: discursos, narrativas e experiências educacionais
Authors: Borges de Almeida Cíntia 
Published: May 2020

Com vistas a investigar representações sociais de infância, sob diferentes aspectos metodológicos relevantes para a construção de uma operação historiográfica da educação, o dossiê Representações de infância: discursos, narrativas e experiências educacionais convida a comunidade acadêmica e científica para a publicação de pesquisas nacionais e internacionais relacionadas à educação, à história, à cultura, às experiências que analisem a diversidade de propósitos educativos, em múltiplos espaços institucionalizados e não formais, que contribuíram para se pensar o debate de práticas de escolarização, de ideias pedagógicas, de formação e controle de conduta.
Tendo livros, jornais, revistas, legislações, estatutos e relatórios como fonte privilegiada de pesquisa, interessa dar luz ao debate e às experiências educacionais, promovidas em espaços plurais e disseminadas nos discursos e narrativas de agentes públicos e privados, em direção às representações de infância e aos projetos de educação pensados para cada uma delas.
The Curve Of Cross Border Cartel Enforcement (Challenges and Remedies in Global Business Environment)
Authors: Shahzada Aamir Mushtaq  , Fraz Ashraf Khan  
Published: May 2020

The purpose of this article stated that the global economic arena has taken new insights across the shore of nations. THE new economic challenges are waiting for the anti-trust enforcers to make sure strict compliance with the antitrust laws and in addition this dissertational work highlights the incipient violations across the borders and suggests its possible legel outcoms in the near future in order to make the economic market a level playing field for any business entrants. It particularly shed light on the cross border cartels and their effects on the relevant market, additionally we have taken the global view of the legislative aspects along with their de jure appliances and improvements for the proper economic growth under the auspices of legal framework. The ramification of cross border cartel enforcement has surfaced astoundingly between 1998 to 2015, underlining the earnest and prompt action to strengthen and revisit the competition law enforcement tools and proficiency. The technological advancements and liberalization of trade has risen significant challenges which includes the enforcement of cross border cartels and mergers. The globalization of corporate activities and deregulation of business markets and numerous industrial sectors has endangered the theoretical foundation of domestic and international competition enforcement regime. The transnational anticompetitive practices like monopolization of markets, collusive price fixing, vertical restraints of trade and international cartels currently challenged the jurisdiction and policies of OECD, WTO, UNCTAD, and ICN. This frightening situation necessarily be regularized by establishing worldwide competition policy and globally admirable enforcement standard. The weaknesses of unilateral, bilateral, and multilateral compacts be re-examined in order to cope with the cross- border competition challenges efficaciously. The extraterritorial, jurisdictional, and investigative mechanisms could be enclosed with binding nature of legal structures to deter cross border antitrust violations for smooth economic growth. The EU and US actively pursuing to establish the unanimous international antitrust regime instead of discrepancies to integrate WTO and ICN being multilateral cooperation forum. Currently, US, CANADA, EU, JAPAN and CHINA across the globe become more engaged in international cartels evidence gathering and investigations. The developments in information sharing, private enforcement, follow on civil litigation, dawn raids, extraterritorial reach of enforcement watchdog is yet to be established.
Activity Based Costing around the World: Adoption, Implementation, Outcomes and Criticism
Authors: Maha Faisal Alsayegh  
Published: May 2020

The purpose of this article is to provide systematic and critical literature review of studies related to activity-based costing around the world. The literature review covers articles from developed and developing countries and is organised to provide insights on four major aspects of ABC adoption, implementation, outcomes and criticism.
The adoption of ABC is generally greater in developed countries as compared to developing countries. Among the key benefits of using ABC include better product costing that ultimately increases the profitability and competitiveness of a company. Using ABC results in greater transparency of costs which have implications for planning, controlling and decision making.
Successful implementation of ABC is to deal effectively with the specific behavioral, technical and organizational factors. Most of the problems found in the literature were related to the practical, technical and system difficulties of ABC. Due to cultural and organizational issues many companies fail as techniques need modification when used in different settings.
The Importance of Organizational Justice, Appraisal Purposes and Employee Satisfaction in Performance Appraisal System in Academic Sector of Pakistan
Authors: Khan Mohammad Hanif , Altaf Hussain  , Khan Muhammad Asad 
Published: May 2020

The purpose of this article is to find out the importance of organizational justice and its types along with employee satisfaction in the performance appraisal system. Data were collected from a sample of 180 respondents who replied their opinions regarding the variables included in the study. This study used SPSS to analyze collected data. The findings of study found a linkage of three kinds of organizational justice with performance appraisal. Also a strong association of employee satisfaction was found with components of organizational justice. The core restriction is that this study provides information limited to only one source, i.e. employees. This paper has practical effects on human resource development as it gives human resource practitioners and also to managers acting as rater of their employees with different ideas and recommendations. Such ideas and recommendations typify how to maximize the perceived justice of the performance appraisal system in higher education sector of Pakistan. This study will also add some extra knowledge to the stake holders in higher education sector to understand and pinpoint the role of performance appraisal in academic sector.
The Moderating Effect of OPEC and Non-OPEC on the Relationship Between Oil Price Volatility and Accrual Earnings Management in the Oil and Gas Industry
Authors: Sandrasigaran Viveksarati , Jalila Binti Johari  , Soh Wei Ni  , Bany-Ariffin A.N  
Published: May 2020

This study is an empirical examination on the relationship between oil price volatility and earnings management in the oil and gas industry, moderated by price-setting abilities of OPEC (Organization of Petroleum Exporting Nations) and price taking abilities of Non-OPEC countries. This study tests discretionary, income-decreasing, current and non-current accruals as a proxy of earnings management. A total sample of 209 firm-year observations from 2008 to 2018 of listed oil and gas firm is collected from the Thomson Datastream database. To incorporate the moderation effect, the samples were divided into two sub-groups, OPEC and Non-OPEC using reserve to production ratio. Firm attributes are included in the analysis as the constant variable such as leverage, current ratio, EBITDA and Growth. The initial results show that, overall, the interaction effect between OPEC/Non-OPEC and oil price volatility is positive and significant to discretionary and income-decreasing accruals. Data samples are limited while comparing OPEC and Non-OPEC countries as not every oil and gas company in OPEC are listed companies and their information is heavily protected. This study contributes to extant earnings management literature regarding political cost, which remains a significant concern to oil and gas companies worldwide.
Declining Employee Engagement & Employee Performance: The Noxious Effects of Workplace Bullying
Authors: Muhammad Shaukat Malik  , Shahzadi Sattar  
Published: May 2020

The rationale of this research study is to inspect about variations in employee performance and employee engagement in Pakistani context brought about by the workplace bullying. Another objective is to produce comprehensive empirical evidence of bullying in the specific Pakistani context. The purpose of paper is to examine whether emotional exhaustion plays a mediating role between workplace bullying, employee performance and employee engagement. Even most of the organizations are unaware about this critical issue to curtail down its effect.
A cross-sectional design is used in the research study, which focuses on emotional exhaustion that serves as a mediator between workplace bullying and employee performance and employee engagement. The paper is based upon cross-sectional and self-reported survey research design. Furthermore longitudinal research design is recommended for future investigation of the relationships among these constructs. Consolidated policies must be sought by the management to combat with the vicious prevalence of workplace bullying. This will not only encourage the conducive work environment but also ensure positive work climate among employees.