bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Encephalatrophy and anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis
Authors: Lin Yinyao , Hu Mengyan , Li Haiyan , Liu Sanxin , Men Xuejiao , Shan Yilong , Tan Sha , Huang Xuehong , Lu Zhengqi , Zhang Bingjun 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Objective: This study aims to find whether there are differences of clinical and laboratory features between anti-NMDAR encephalitis patients with and without brain atrophy. We also compare brain atrophy scale in anti-NMDAR positive patients with and without teratomas. Methods: Brain atrophy scales of 82 patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis were measured with the median temporal lobe atrophy (MTA) scale and the global cortical atrophy (GCA) scale. They were divided into two groups by brain atrophy status. In addition, 48 female patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis were divided into two groups with or without teratomas. Percentages of patients with brain atrophy were compared between these two groups. Results: 33 (40.2%) patients had brain atrophy. The GCA (+) group had higher percentage of patients with status epilepticus (p<0.001) than GCA (-) group and the MTA (+) group had higher percentage of patients with memory deficits (p < 0.001) than MTA (-) group. Higher percentages of severe infections were found in GCA(+) and MTA (+) groups than those in GCA(-) and MTA (-) groups (p=0.01 and p = 0.002, respectively). The percentage of patients needing ventilatory support was higher in MTA (+) group than that in MTA (-) group (p=0.015). The modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores of GCA(+) and MTA (+) groups were significantly higher when compared with GCA(-) and MTA (-) groups both at day one (p<0.001 and p=0.001, respectively) and at discharge (p<0.001 and p = 0.02, respectively). Patients in GCA (+) group had higher median length of hospital stay than those in GCA (-) group (p<0.001). The median onset-to-MR time of GCA(+) group was higher than that of GCA(-) group (p=0.034). Percentage of patients with limited response to treatment was higher in GCA (+) group than that in GCA(-) group (p<0.001). The median 25 hydroxyvitamin D3 level was lower in the GCA (+) group than that in GCA(-) group (p=0.001). Anti-NMDAR positive female patients with ovarian teratomas had higher percentage of GCA(+) than thoes without ovarian teratomas (P=0.006). Conclusions: Brain atrophy are not uncommon in patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis. MTA and GCA may be associated with severity and prognosis of anti-NMDAR encephalitis.
Nasopharyngeal Microbiota Profiling of SARS-CoV-2 Infected Patients
Authors: De Maio Flavio , Posteraro Brunella , Ponziani Francesca Romana , Cattani Paola , Gasbarrini Antonio , Sanguinetti Maurizio 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
We analyzed the bacterial communities of the nasopharynx in 40 SARS-CoV-2 infected and uninfected patients. All patients had a mild COVID-19 disease. We did not find statistically significant differences in either bacterial richness and diversity or composition. These findings suggest a nasopharyngeal microbiota at least early resilient to SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Clinical retrospective analysis of 70 discharged patients with the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province
Authors: Zuo Zhongbao , Wu Jing , Wang Miaochan , Jin Yujiao , Yu Wenyan , Niu Haiying , Chen Yangjun , Liu Pengbo , Zeng Deyu , Sui Dongming , Cai Zhaobin , Xu Aifang 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Since the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) was first identified in Wuhan, China, caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pathogen, the disease has been found in many countries. Considering the lack of effective drugs and rapid spread of COVID-19, we did a clinical detailed retrospective analysis of 70 discharged patients which can help us to better determine the clinical features of the disease.Method We collected demographic, epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, and chest computed tomographic (CT) data from patients’ hospital records, the time period were from hospitalization day1 to day7 and hospitalization last day. The retrospective study totally included 70 COVID-19 patients.Results The median age was 43 (IQR: 34-56) years. 41 (58.6%) patients were female, and there were 33 (47.1%) patients who were hospitalized more than 14 days. 18 (25.7%) patients were residents of Wuhan or recently travelled to Wuhan, 38 (54.3%) patients were having a close contact with the COVID-19 patients. The most common pre-existing diseases were liver disease (15.7%), hypertension (12.9%), renal disease (8.6), lung disease (5.7%). The time from illness onset to hospitalization was 4 (IQR: 2-7) days. The most common treatment regimen was Lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV) + Interferon alpha inhalation (IAI) + Arbidol. Compared with hospitalization day1, White blood cell count, C-reacting protein, Potassium, Aspartate aminotransferase, Lactate dehydrogenase, and Lactic acid were significantly different than hospitalization day-last. The median number of times a patients receiving chest computed tomography (CT) from day1 to day7 was 3 (IQR: 3-4). The typical chest computed tomographic images were patchy shadows and ground glass opacity.Conclusion Currently, there are no specific antiviral therapies for COVID-19. 70 COVID-19 patients in our study responded positively to treatment during the two-week period. For those discharged patients with abnormal results, more attention is needed in the future studies to control the transmission.
Hepatitis B virus Reactivation in Patients Receiving Tocilizumab for Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Long‐term, Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: Hsuan Kuo Meng , Tseng Chih-Wei , Lu Ming-Chi , Tung Chien-Hsueh , Tseng Kuo-Chih , Huang Kuang-Yung , Lee Chi-Hui , Lai Ning-Sheng 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Aim To investigate the risk of hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation in patients undergoing long-term tocilizumab (TCZ) therapy for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Method From January 2011 through August 2019, a total of 134 RA patients who received TCZ at Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital were screened. Patients were excluded if they were < 20 years, without complete data, or received TCZ for less than 3 months. A total of 97 patients were enrolled in this retrospective study. Clinical data, co-medications, and the occurrence of HBV reactivation were recorded. Results Of the 97 enrolled patients, 7 were HBsAg+ (7.2%), 64 were HBsAg−/HBcAb+ (61%) and 26 were HBsAg−/HBcAb+ (26.8%). The median disease follow-up time was 9 years (range, 1–18 years). TCZ was administered for a median of 29 months (range, 3–91 months). Four patients (4.1%) experienced HBV reactivation after TCZ therapy. Of the 7 HBsAg+ patients, 4 received antiviral prophylaxis and had no HBV reactivation; the remaining 3 patients had no antiviral prophylaxis, and all 3 (100%) experienced early HBV reactivation and hepatitis flare (median time to event, 6 months; range, 5–8 months). Hyper-bilirubinemia occurred in 2 of these 3 patients, with mild prothrombin time prolongation in one. After salvage entecavir treatment, all patients had a favorable outcome. Of the 64 HBsAg−/HBcAb+ patients, only one became positive for serum HBV DNA (2.5 × 10 7 IU/mL) after 18 months of TCZ treatment (1.6%; 1/64). This patient was immediately treated with entecavir, which prevented hepatitis flare. Conclusions HBsAg+ RA patients undergoing TCZ treatment are at high risk of HBV reactivation, which is prevented by antiviral prophylaxis. HBsAg−/HBcAb+ patients also are at risk of HBV reactivation. Although their risk of reactivation is lower than that of HBsAg+ patients, strict monitoring of their HBV status is still necessary.
The most important evaluation index for postgraduate medical students’ scientific research capacity: A cross-sectional survey in Shanghai, China
Authors: Wang Yan , Zhang Feifei 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
BackgroundPostgraduate medical students’scientific research capability is an essential part for educational system, the current research on students’ research behavior mainly focused on the students’research attitude ,innovative ability and training methods and approaches. Therefore, we carried out this study to explore the evaluation index of postgraduate medical students’scientific research capacity,in order to establish a framework of postgraduate medical students’scientific evaluation.MethodsWe designed a 39-items questionnaire to explore the evaluation index of research capacity on the perspective of postgraduate students .The questionnaire consisted of items including demographics and other 34 items about index reflect one’s scientific research ability.The participants choose the number(1-5) according the importance of each items they think.1 means not important at all;2 means not important;3 means neutral;4 means important;5 means very important.ResultsThe most important indices are ”Follow three basic ethical principles: respect, benefit and justice”(4.46±0.845);”Resist behaviour such as"data fraud, submission fraud" and other academic misconduct(4.44±0.922)”;”Adhere to the principle of patient-oriented, fully informed and voluntary participation”(4.36±0.871);”The questionnaire can be divided into four parties”Research skills and output(36.046%)”,“Theoretical and practical basis(16.034%)”,”Study Attitude(14.411)”,”Ethical of research(8.371%)”.ConclusionWe should strengthen the training of scientific research ethics knowledge, ethical consciousness and scientific research ethics of postgraduate medical students;Improve the consciousness of patent granted;Enhance the research interest of clinical-oriented students and verify the scientific of the questionnaire further.
Association of uric acid and glucose disposal rate value in euglycemic Chinese subjects
Authors: Yuan Tao , Liu Shixuan , Dong Yingyue , Fu Yong , Tang Yan , Zhao Wei-Gang 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: We aimed to examine the relationship between serum uric acid (SUA) levels and glucose disposal rate value (M value) evaluated by hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp technique in euglycemic Chinese subjects.Methods: There were 19 non-diabetic Chinese subjects included in this study. The participants accepted physical examination, laboratory examination and standardized questionnaire. Insulin resistance was evaluated by M value. Some other indices were also calculated by data obtained from 3-hour oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Subjects were divided into two groups based on the median of SUA levels.Results: The level of systolic blood pressure (SBP) (P=0.035), waist circumference (P=0.009), waist-to-hip ratio (P=0.004), Chinese visceral adiposity index (CAVI) (P=0.028), weight (P=0.01), serum creatinine (Cr) (P=0.05) and the percentage of drinking habits (P=0.03) were all significantly increased in high SUA group. The level of M value and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) were significantly decreased in high SUA group (P=0.041 for M value and P=0.09 for HDL-c). There were no significant differences between those indirect insulin resistance indices and SUA. In addition, the SUA levels were inversely correlated with M value (r=-0.666, P=0.002) and HDL-c (r=-0.619, P=0.005), positively correlated with waist circumference (r=0.615, P=0.005), CVAI (r=0.630, P=0.004), SBP (r=0.521, P=0.022) and Cr (r-0.550, P=0.015) levels. Analysis of stepwise multiple regression showed the independent association between SUA and M value in both male and female euglycemic subjects.Conclusions: There is a significant correlation between SUA levels and glucose disposal rate value in euglycemic Chinese subjects, which suggested that UA played an important role on insulin resistance even in those non-diabetic subjects
Hsa-MiR-590-3p promotes the malignancy progression of pancreatic ductal carcinoma cell by inhibiting the expression of p27 and PPP2R2A via G1/S cell cycle pathway
Authors: Shi Xiaoyang , Sheng Weiwei , Jia Chao , Tang Jingtong , Dong Ming 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: miR-590-3p plays an important role in the occurrence and development of many cancers, but its role in pancreatic cancer has not been reported. Objective: Investigate the effect and target genes of miR-590-3p in pancreatic cancer, so as to provide new diagnostic and therapeutic ideas for pancreatic cancer. Methods: qRT-PCR, MTT, clonal formation assay, flow cytometry and transwell assay were used to detect malignant cell behaviors. TargetScan (http://www.targetscan.org) was used to predict the binding region of miR-590-3p to target genes. Immunohistochemistry and Western blot were used to detect protein expression.Results: hsa-miR-590-3p expressed significantly higher in PC tissues than paired normal pancreas and its expression level was associated with PC tumor size (P=0.042) and preoperative CA19-9 level (P=0.046). Its overexpression promoted PC cell proliferation, invasion and migration following with the p27 and PPP2R2A protein down-regulation, and vice versa. Dual-luciferase reporter assay confirmed that p27 and PPP2R2A were direct target genes of miR-590-3p. Overexpression of P27 and PPP2R2A reversed the promoting effect of miR-590-3p on cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Conclusion: MiR-590-3p promote the development of pancreatic cancer by directly downregulated p27 and PPP2R2A via the G1/S cell cycle pathway.
Validation of self-reported physical activity by accelerometry in Tanzanian primary school children
Authors: Mosha Mary Vincent , Kasagama Elizabeth , Ayieko Philip , Todd Jim , Msuya Sia , Grosskurth Heiner , Filteau Suzanne 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Insufficient physical activity is a serious public health concern. Assessing physical activity accurately in children remains a challenge and valid tools for its assessment in African children are needed. This study compares self-reports versus accelerometry-captured physical activity.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 51 primary school children aged 9 – 11 years from four primary schools in Kilimanjaro region were enrolled. Children were asked to complete a self-reported questionnaire on physical activity and wore an accelerometer for seven consecutive days. Accelerometry was used as a reference method to assess for child reporting accuracy.Results: Spearman correlation between self-reports and accelerometry was moderate (r=0.41, p=0.002). Children who reported walking to school had higher moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) for both accelerometry and self- reports compared to their counterparts (p < 0.001). Intra-class correlation (ICC) showed that 32% of the variations in accelerometry weekly total MVPA was contributed by the differences in activities between children.Conclusions: Objective measures of physical activity such as accelerometers can be used to accurately measure physical activity in children where feasible. Self-reports have limited validity, and therefore more research is needed to develop better self-reported measures with specific activities which can easily be recalled by children.
Prevalence and related factors of internet addiction among undergraduate university students in Ethiopia. A community university-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Zenebe Yosef , Kunno Kunuya , Mekonnen Meseret , Bewuket Ajebush , Birkie Mengesha , Necho Mogesie , Seid Muhammed , Tsegaw Million , Akele Baye 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background

Globally, more than three billion people use the internet daily with young people being the most common users. Internet addiction among university students in Ethiopia has not been studied.

Objectives

The main objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and related factors of internet addiction among Wollo university students in Ethiopia.

Methods

A community university-based cross-sectional study was conducted among Wollo University students from April 10 to May 10, 2019. A total of six hundred three students were participated in the study using a pilot tested and self-administered structured questionnaire. A multistage cluster sampling was adopted for this study. In the first stage, by the use of lottery method, two colleges (College of medicine and health sciences, and College of natural sciences, and one school (school of law)) were selected. In the second stage, 18 departments were selected from the colleges and school. The Young’s Internet Addiction Test instrument was used to assess the level of internet addiction.

Results

Generally, the prevalence of internet addiction (IA) among the current internet users was 85% (n=466) with 55.7%(n=305) mild internet addiction, 27.9% (n=153) moderate internet addiction and 1.5% (n= 8) severe internet addiction. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, spending more time on the internet (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 10.13, 95%CI: 1.33-77.00)), having mental distress (AOR = 2.69, 95%CI: 1.02-7.06), playing online games (AOR = 2.40, 95%CI: 1.38-4.18), current khat chewing (AOR = 3.34, 95%CI: 1.14-9.83) and current alcohol use (AOR = 2.32, 95%CI: 1.09-4.92) were positively related to internet addiction. Using the internet for more than twelve months (AOR = 0.42, 95%CI: 0.18-0.96) and using the internet by mobile internet (AOR = 0.40, 95%CI: 0.20-0.83) were negatively related to internet addiction.

Conclusions

The current study documents a high prevalence of internet addiction among Wollo University students. Factors independently associated with internet addiction were using the internet greater than five hours daily, having mental distress, playing online games, current khat chewing and current alcohol use. So, we advise that higher institutions should establish prevention programs focus on educating students about emotional regulation skills and the harmful effects of substance use to minimize internet addiction.
Mapping of PubMed Literature on Early Trends of 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19)
Authors: Kumar Kutty 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
2019 novel corona virus infection (COVID-19) causes extreme viral pneumonia in people, known to have a high death rate and a similitude in clinical indications with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus. This investigation intended to study the attributes of distributions on early COVID-19 research through bibliometric analysis. PubMed database was looked on 07, February, 2020 for COVID-19 distributions published during 01st December 2019 to 06th February 2020. Investigation parameters incorporate year of production, distribution type, examples of universal coordinated effort, and research organizations. An aggregate of 62 COVID-19 research distributions were distributed during the examination time frame. The exploration works were distributed from 13 nations, demonstrating the global noteworthiness on coronavirus episode. USA was the biggest supporter, with 24 articles distributed over a range of 2months and 6 days, trailed by England (11 articles). Aftereffects of the investigation will bear some significance with understudies, specialists, curators and data science experts, and will fill in as a pattern for resulting examinations.
Early effect of SARS-COV-2 on renal tubule: a pilot study
Authors: Wang Mengyan , Dong Xiaotian , Yan Jun , Zhang Zhongdong , Shi Jinchuan , Liu Shourong 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Objective: To explore the early clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and provide a reference for the early prevention and treatment of the disease.Methods: We collected and analyzed demographic data, medical history, exposure history, underline diseases, symptoms, signs, laboratory data, chest computed tomographic (CT) scans, and treatment measures of COVID-19 patients admitted to the Sixth People's Hospital of Hangzhou from January 20 to February 23, 2020.Results: Among 51 confirmed COVID-19 patients included in this study, 7.8% (4/51) patients were severe and 45.1% (23/51) were male. Median age was 43 years (IQR, 23). Fever (54.9%, 28/51) and cough (52.9%, 27/51) were the main symptoms. 74.5% (38/51) patients had a history of exposure and 17.6% (9/51) patients had a history of hypertension. Importantly, most (60.8%, 31/51) patients had an increase of urine β2 microglobulin. In addition, the inflammation indexes (C-reactive protein and serum amyloid A) of patients with elevated urine β2 microglobulin were significantly increased (p = 0.017 and p = 0.049) and lymphocytes count was significantly reduced (p = 0.012), compared with patients with normal urine β2 microglobulin. Correlation analysis showed that urine β2 microglobulin was positively correlated with C-reactive protein and serum amyloid A; but negatively correlated with lymphocytes count.Conclusions: COVID-19 patients have obvious symptoms of lung injury, but the occurrence of early renal tubular injuries has to be monitored vigilantly.
The Role of Social Influence and Network Churn in Beliefs about Electronic Medical Record Technology
Authors: Yuan Christina T. , Kane Gerald C. , Fletcher Jason M. , Nembhard Ingrid M. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The successful implementation of technology often hinges on individual beliefs about the innovation being introduced. Little is known about how social networks shape these beliefs. In this study, we examine: (1) whether individual beliefs about technology are influenced by the beliefs of their peers within their social networks (network content); and (2) whether changes in the composition of the social network over time (network churn) moderates the effect of peer beliefs on individual beliefs. We offer and test hypotheses about these relationships using longitudinal social network survey data from hospital staff collected 2 – 4 months before (N = 256) and 3 – 5 months after (N = 284) the implementation of a new electronic medical record (EMR) system at a large, academic hospital. Our findings suggest that peer beliefs about new technology significantly and negatively affect individual beliefs about technology in the early stages of EMR implementation. We also find that the effect of peer beliefs on individual beliefs is stronger in more stable social networks (i.e., social networks that experience few tie deletions over time) and weaker in less stable social networks (i.e., social networks that experience many tie deletions over time). Our study examines social influence in a novel context – the implementation of EMR systems in the hospital setting – and extends network theory by conceptualizing network churn as a moderating variable that may amplify or dampen the effect of networks.
Adolescent Friendship Formation and Mental Health: A Stochastic Actor-Based Model of Help-Seeking Behavior
Authors: Mundt Marlon P. , Zakletskaia Larissa I. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This study investigates how adolescent peer friendship formation relates to help-seeking behavior and how the structure of peer social networks contributes to the creation of social connections by psychological counseling recipients. The study sample comprised 2,264 adolescents ages 12-19 from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health). Stochastic actor-based modeling simulated the co-dependence of peer friendship networks and adolescent help-seeking behavior from an initial data state to a final data state while accounting for social selection and influence effects in the same model. Results indicated that adolescents who sought psychological counseling in the past year nominated 65% more peers as friends than otherwise identical adolescents who did not use psychological services. Adolescent psychological counseling did not contribute to the loss of friends. Users of psychological services were twice as likely to be named as friends in highly interconnected peer social networks (i.e. more friendship connections among their friends), as opposed to individuals in less interconnected peer groups. The findings indicate improved social functioning of adolescents as a result of psychological counseling. The results advocate for use of psychological services and point to the necessity of wide-spread screening and early detection and treatment of mental ill-health among U.S. adolescents. Group interventions targeting building social skills to enhance peer group social network interconnectivity may promote better social connections for adolescent users of psychological counseling.