bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measurement of Instantaneous Wave-free Ratio through a Diagnostic Catheter: Comparison of the Results between 4Fr and 5Fr
Authors: Masuda Shinichiro , Uemura Ryota , Saiki Yoshiyuki , Haraki Tatsuo , Lee Takeshi 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Clinical evidence of coronary pressure assessment through a diagnostic catheter is limited. The aim of this study was to assess the difference, safety, and rate of successful measurement of Instantaneous Wave-free Ratio (iFR) through 4Fr and 5Fr diagnostic catheters.

Methods
This single-centre prospective study included 32 lesions among 24 patients exhibiting intermediate coronary stenosis on coronary angiography. iFR measurements were performed through 4Fr and 5Fr diagnostic catheters for each lesion. The primary outcome was the reliability, as assessed by a Bland—Altman plot, for comparison of the mean differences [mean ± 2 Standard Deviations (SDs)], and the agreement on the Kappa coefficient, using a threshold iFR value of 0.89. The secondary outcome was the rate of successful iFR measurement. Safety was assessed by procedural complications and in-hospital Major Adverse Cardiac Events (MACE).

Results
The mean difference was −0.0003 ± 0.058, according to the Bland–Altman plot. One lesion was out of the range of 2 SDs. There was good agreement (Kappa coefficient = 0.85), and the correlation coefficient between the 4Fr and 5Fr catheters was 0.948 (p < 0.001). The success rate was not significantly different between the 4Fr and 5Fr catheters (90.6% vs. 96.9%, p = 0.09), although the 4Fr catheter had a lower success rate. No procedural complications or in-hospital MACE occurred.

Conclusion
Our findings suggest that iFR measurements could be safely performed, with similar reliability and success rate, through either the 4Fr or 5Fr diagnostic catheter.
Molecular Genetic Testing of Stability and Identification of Vnukovo-32 Strain Used for Production of the Cultural Concentrated Purified Inactivated Dry Rabies Vaccine
Authors: Ignatyev G. M. , Oksanich A. S. , Antonova L. P. , Samartseva T. G. , Mosolova S. V. , Mefed K. M. , Gmyl L. V. , Netesova N. A. 
Published: June 2020

Rabies is an acute viral disease caused by a virus of the Rhabdoviridae family of the Lyssavirus genus, which affects the central nervous system and is characterised by absolute mortality. Vaccination is the only way to prevent the disease in humans. One of the products used for vaccination is a cultural concentrated purified inactivated dry rabies vaccine produced by the Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science “Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of Russian Academy of Sciences” (hereinafter—Chumakov Center).The aim of the study was to examine the structure of the working virus seed of Vnukovo-32 strain used by the Chumakov Center for rabies vaccine production, to assess its genetic stability during production, to explore the possibility of using molecular genetic methods for identification of the production strain in the finished dosage form, and to study the nucleotide sequence of the CVS strain.Materials and methods: Vnukovo-32 rabies virus production strain, working virus seeds, finished batches of the rabies vaccine, CVS fixed rabies virus strain used in the assessment of specific immunity. The molecular genetic study was performed using RT-PCR followed by restriction and sequencing.Results: the paper presents the results of nucleotide sequence analysis of the G gene fragment obtained from the Vnukovo-32 production strain, batches of the working virus seed, and finished batches of the rabies vaccine produced in 2012, 2018, and 2019, and the CVS fixed rabies virus strain used in the assessment of the vaccine’s specific immunity. The study demonstrated that restriction analysis could be used for Vnukovo-32 strain identification at all production stages, including the finished dosage form.Conclusion: Vnukovo-32 and CVS strains used by the Chumakov Center are rabies viruses. Analysis of the nucleotide sequence of the G gene fragment showed that the Vnukovo-32 strain remains stable throughout different production stages. The obtained nucleotide sequence of gene G of the Vnukovo-32 strain was deposited in GenBank (accession number MN116503). The study demonstrated that restriction analysis could be used for Vnukovo-32 strain identification at all production stages, including the finished dosage form.
Prospects for Improving Quality Evaluation of the Live Brucellosis Vaccine in Terms of Specific Activity
Authors: Kasina I. V. , Alekseeva S. A. , Nemirovskaya T. I. 
Published: June 2020

Prophylactic immunisation against brucellosis is part of the National Immunisation Schedule for Epidemic Settings. The immunisation is performed with a live vaccine—a lyophilized suspension of the Brucella abortus strain 19 BА in a stabilizing medium. The paper presents the results of quality evaluation of 9 batches of live brucellosis vaccine that were submitted to the Testing Centre for Evaluation of Medicinal Immunobiological Products’ Quality of the Federal State Budgetary Institution “Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation for assessment of the product’s compliance with the established specifications. The paper also presents the results of evaluation of the passport information provided by the manufacturer for these batches. There is no doubt about the need for objective quality evaluation of brucellosis vaccines as well as about the significance of its improvement.The aim of study was to assess the prospects for improving quality evaluation of live brucellosis vaccines in terms of Specific activity (concentration of microbial cells, number of living microbial cells, number of cutaneous doses).Materials and methods: specific activity (concentration of microbial cells and number of living microbial cells) was determined by visual and microbiological methods using the industrial reference standard of brucellosis vaccine OSO 42-28-396-2018, batch 6 and the bacterial suspension of the Brucella abortus strain 19 BА acquired from the joint stock company Scientific and Production Association “Microgen” in 2016. The number of cutaneous doses in the brusellosis vaccine was determined by the calculation method. Statistical processing of the results was performed using Microsoft Excel.Results: there was a mismatch between the brucella concentration coefficient of 1.7×109 microbial cells/mL determined by comparison with the industrial reference standard of bacterial suspension turbidity, 10 IU and the actual concentration of microbial cells obtained in the study. According to preliminary results, the brucella concentration coefficient corresponding to the industrial reference standard of bacterial suspension turbidity, 10 IU can reach 3.0×109 microbial cells/mL.Conclusions: the obtained results can serve as a basis for amending the data on the brucella concentration coefficient in the Passport and the Instructions for use of the industrial reference standard of bacterial suspension turbidity, 10 IU, as well as the Specific activity section (concentration of microbial cells, number of living microbial cells, number of cutaneous doses) of the established specifications for the brucellosis vaccine. Before amending the information on the brucella concentration corresponding to 10 IU in the Passport and the Instructions for use of the reference standard of bacterial suspension turbidity (OSO 42-28-85P), additional studies should be performed with other types of brucella.
Bioethical Aspects of Improving the Production of Rabies Immunoglobulin in Russia
Authors: Generalov S. V. , Abramova E. G. , Gavrilova Yu. K. 
Published: June 2020

The main objective of the present research was to review the studies that look into ways of improving production of anti-rabies immunoglobulin in terms of bioethical principles: ensuring patients’ right to receive quality pharmaceutical care, and compliance with the 3R principles. At the same time, compliance with bioethical principles should contribute to the improvement of production technology and the product quality, which is especially important for antirabies immunoglobulin due to the existing high demand for it. The paper analyses the current trends in avoidance of animal use in the production of rabies immunoglobulin. It summarises the main methods of production of serum products for post-exposure prophylaxis of rabies. The example of heterologous rabies immunoglobulin is used to substantiate the need to improve quality control of drugs by following the 3R principles. The paper highlights the potential use of cell cultures for determination of rabies immunoglobulin specific activity. The authors formulated the objectives that include development and use of pyrogen detection methods which do not involve animal use and are consistent with the current pharmacopoeial standards. They assessed the possibility and feasibility of removing Abnormal Toxicity Test for heterologous rabies immunoglobulin in accordance with the current international trends. The formulated objectives imply optimisation of production of heterologous rabies immunoglobulin in Russia in order to improve the quality of antirabies measures. The objectives include higher production volumes to ensure the availability of the product to patients, reduction of the product reactogenicity by using cell-culture technologies for obtaining rabies antigen, as well as development and implementation of in vitro test methods for product quality control in terms of Specific activity, Pyrogenicity, and Abnormal toxicity
FILSAFAT AKHLAK DALAM KONTEKS PEMIKIRAN ETIKA MODEREN
Authors: Talibo Ishak , Hasan Faradila 
Published: June 2020

This article discusses moral philosophy in the context of modern ethical thought. The currents that the authors mean are various ethical value systems introduced by several critical thinkers who have long colored the world from the Greek era to our present time. The method used in this research is library research. Greek philosophers perceive morals as something that is fitri, which will exist with the existence of man himself from the results he obtained based on pure logic without undergoing change and is permanent because it has been owned since birth. But in general, they do not have a standardized agreement because they are extracted based on the power of thought related to the conditions of their residence and experience. Muslim philosophers perceive that morals are basic traits that are firmly planted and color the behavior of a person with these basic qualities and then spontaneous treatment appears without going through thought or prolonged consideration.Keywords: Philosophy; Morality; modern ethics. Artikel ini membahas filsafat akhlak dalam konteks pemikiran etika moderen. Arus yang penulis maksudkan adalah berbagai sistem nilai etika yang diperkenalkan oleh beberapa tokoh pemikir kritis yang sudah sejak lama mewarnai dunia mulai zaman Yunani sampai pada masa kita sekarang ini. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah library research. Filosof Yunani mempersepsikan akhlak sebagai sesuatu yang fitri, yang akan ada dengan adanya manusia sendiri dari hasil yang di dapatnya berdasar logika murni tanpa mengalami perubahan dan bersifat tetap karena telah dimiliki sejak lahir. Namun secara umum mereka belum memiliki ukuran kesepakatan yang baku karena di gali berdasarkan kekuatan pikir terkait dengan kondisi tempta tinggal serta pengalaman mereka. Filosof Muslim mempersepsikan bahwa akhlak merupakan sifat-sifat dasar yang tertanam kokoh dan mewarnai tingkah laku seseorang dengan sifat-sifat dasar tersebut kemudian muncul perlakuan spontan tanpa melalui pemikiran atau pertimbangan yang berkepanjangan.Kata kunci: Filsafat; Akhlak; etika modern.
RE-ORGANISASI BADAN USAHA MILIK DAERAH: UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KEMANDIRIAN DAERAH
Authors: MUHAMMAD ADJI SURADJI , Irman Irman , Husna Asmaul , Suswaini Eka 
Published: June 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana re-organisasi yang harus dilakukan oleh PT. Tanjungpinang Makmur Bersama sebagai Badan Usaha Milik Daerah. Sejak berdiri tahun 2010, PT. Tanjungpinang Makmur Bersama belum mampu memberikan kontribusi maksimal kepada Kota Tanjungpinang. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus pada PT. Tanjungpinang Makmur Bersama sebagai Badan Usaha Milik Daerah Kota Tanjungpinang. Melalui wawancara mendalam, penelusuran dokumen dan observasi serta diskusi kelompok terpumpun maka data yang didapat selanjutnya diolah untuk dianalisis. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa PT. Tanjungpinang Makmur Bersama sejak berdiri hingga 2019 belum mampu menjalankan misi yang diembannya secara optimal. Diperlukan re-organisasi dalam menjalankan misi yang demban oleh PT. Tanjungpinang Makmur Bersama agar mampu memberikan hasil yang maksimal sebagaimana yang diamanatkan oleh Pemerintah Kota Tanjungpinang. Kata Kunci: re-organisasi, BUMD, kemandirian daerah
Identification of High-Risk Pregnancies by Maternal Serum Alfa Fetoprotein
Authors: Ganesh Babu T. Eswar , Mastan S.A. , Sowjanya M. Sai , Rajesh G. , Harshitha K. , Madhavi A. , Haritha U. , Sindhulekha B. , Babu P. Sivanarendra 
Published: June 2020

Alfa- Feto- protein (AFP) is a protein produced by the baby in the womb. The protein is normally found in the blood stream of the mother, which tends to be elevated or lowered in the blood of the women carrying babies with certain abnormalities it is an Albumin like glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 70,000 D. Is a formed in the yolk sac. Non differential liver cells and the fetal gastro- intestinal tract. Elevated MSAFP levels have also been associated with Chromosome abnormalities, Omphalocele and gastroschisis and rarely congenital, additionally elevated MS AFP levels have associated with an increased risk for adverse perinatal out comes including preeclampsia, premature labor, low birth weight, placental abruption and stillbirth.
Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 8(2): 231-234
Trend of Biotechnology Applications in Pest Management: A Review
Authors: Alemu Melaku 
Published: June 2020

There are many constraints that severely affect the global agricultural production and productivity which include the ever increasing of population growth, degradation of natural resources, climate changes and emerging pests. Among these factors, biotic constraints or pests are known to cause 25-50% or complete loss of plant production. Accordingly, various plant protection technologies have been deployed with the trend of focusing on the use modern biotechnological tools that are proven to be most effective and mandatory. The review covers a wide array of pest management methods ranging from the conventional biological control methods up to molecular breeding techniques. Furthermore, the application of new genetic engineering techniques fueled by new breakthroughs and innovations are the cornerstone of this review. Accordingly, the continuous increasing trend of GM crops cultivation in both crop type and hectare has urged many countries to deploy the technology as a key strategy to enhance their bioeconomy. In fact, plant protection is the discipline that immensely benefit from biotechnology than any other disciplines for ensuring food security and sustainable development. However, in order to fully exploit the enormous potential of biotechnology, appropriate biosafety regulatory frameworks and proper stewardship programs need to be effectively implemented. This integrated approach can promptly help respond to the ever-dynamic threat of pests and hence reliably combat food insecurity and ably contribute to sustainable development.
Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 8(2): 108-131
Resource use efficiency of banana production and impact of insurance scheme adoption on banana farming in Chitwan, Nepal
Authors: Dulal Sunil , Kattel Rishi Ram 
Published: June 2020

Eastern Chitwan of Nepal is the major banana producing hub. Farmers were categorized as small, medium and large banana producers on the basis of their banana cultivated land. Majority of the large famers had purchased banana insurance scheme. Altogether 150 sample households were selected on the basis of purposive simple random sampling to assess the resource use efficiency of banana farming and impact of insurance adoption in eastern Chitwan of Nepal in 2017. The primary data were collected by household survey using pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire, key informant interview and focus group discussion. The field survey showed that 50.58 percent respondents were male with average family size was 6.04. Only 10 percent of the sampled households were headed by female. Around 36 percent farm households had insured their banana. The B:C ratio of banana farming was 2.18. The research revealed that the farmers had an experience decreasing return to scale in banana production. Land preparation, suckers, labor and chemical fertilizer were the main factors that positively determined whereas the manure, irrigation, pesticide, and micronutrient had have negatively affected on banana production. Adoption of insurance scheme on banana farming had have positive effect on production of banana. It was estimated that the gross return will be increased by 0.012 percent in a farmer who had done insurance. The sampled farm failed to show their efficiency in using resources in banana production. There was further opportunity to increase banana production using more land preparation, suckers, chemical fertilizers and labor.
Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 8(2): 170-178
Ethnobotanical Survey of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants of Bhagalpur Region
Authors: Verma R.K. , Singh H.N.P. , Thakur A.K. , Kohli S.J. 
Published: June 2020

Medicinal and aromatic plants have been used since the time immortal in different parts on the world including India. Ayurveda provides a detailed insight of different medicinal plants and their use. Different regions of India have a array of different types of medicinal and aromatic herbs. Depending upon climate and soil they may have different degree of pharmacological importance. Lower Gangetic plane present at around eastern part of the Bihar has some sort of Medicinal and Aromatic plants common to Bhagalpur and nearby region. These plants were surveyed on non-agricultural fields of four different localities of Bhagalpur by using quardat method. Abundance, Counts, Cover, Frequency and relative importance were calculated as a whole. About 14 plants were recorded having either well known medicinal or aromatic properties in a total survey area of 1000m2.
Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 8(2): 216-222
Molecular Characterization of Alkaline Protease Gene Isolated from Aeromonas hydrophila strain AH10
Authors: Babu N.G. Ramesh , Aji Anupa Mary 
Published: June 2020

Alkaline protease enzymes are enzymes which can catalyze the process of proteolysis between the pH ranges from 8 to 12. Extracellular alkaline proteases are used as additives in detergent powders. In the present study, source of the organism was from a detergent contaminated area. The study has been carried out in Aeromonas hydrophila AH10 strain that produces protease enzyme with an alkaline pH optimum. The organism was a gram-negative rod with a protease enzyme activity of 0.385 ml/min. purification of the protease enzyme from the bacteria was carried out. This protease is suitable for use in alkaline detergent powders as well as in silver recovery process. The Aeromonas hydrophila strain AH10 gene encoding this high-alkaline protease was cloned and characterized.
Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 8(2): 154-160
Cloning and Expression of Leptospiral Immunoglobulin Like B Gene and Use of The Recombinant Antigen for The Diagnosis of Bovine and Caprine Leptospirosis
Authors: Deneke Yosef , Deb Rajib 
Published: June 2020

In the present study recombinant LigB protein is employed in latex agglutination test, which is a cross reacting lipoprotein able to detect acute infection caused by any pathogenic leptospiral serovars. It was employed for serodiagnosis of leptospirosis. The 46KDa 6X His tagged LigB protein, obtained by IPTG induction of recombinant E. coli M15 cells containing the N-terminal region of LigB gee in PQE30 expression vector, was purified by Ni-NTA affinity chromatography and adsorbed on latex bead surface for performing latex agglutination test against Leptospirosis suspected field sea. Western blot confirmed that rLigB is an immunodominant protein against which antibodies are produced during active infection. A total of 453 field sera, including 432 bovine sera, 18 caprine sera and three sera samples of buffalo bull collected post-mortem following death the animal from Indian Veterinary Research institute (IVRI) were tested using rLigB based LAT. The result showed that 300 sera were tested positive by rLigB based LAT, which were reconfirmed using microscopic agglutination test (MAT). The results from LAT were in concordance with MAT. In conclusion, under laboratory and field conditions, rLigB based LAT is a rapid, pen site, reliable diagnostic tool of high sensitivity and specificity for the detection of Leptospirosis.
Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 8(2): 146-153
Evaluation of Microbial Pathogens for Management of Legume Pod Borer, Maruca vitrata F. in Yard Long Bean Ecosystem
Authors: Ahmed RN , Uddin MM , Haque MA , Ahmed KS 
Published: June 2020

Bean pod borer, Maruca vitrata is a serious pest of bean which causes serious yield loss of bean and other leguminous crops. To evaluate the field efficacy of two microbial pathogens for the management of legume pod borer, Maruca vitrata F an experiment was carried out in the field laboratory of the Department of Entomology, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh during kharif season in 2016 on yard long bean plants. Entomopathogens viz. Bacillus thuringiensis and Beauveria bassiana were used @ 0.50, 1.00 & 1.50 g/L and 0.25, 0.50 & 0.75 g/L, respectively to conduct the experiment. These two entomopathogens showed significant effect on the management of bean pod borer in comparison to untreated control in the field in decreasing the flower (22.02, 29.72, 33.35% and 16.16, 24.26, 30.05% by Bt & Bb, respectively) and pod infestation (16.45, 25.69, 31.93% and 10.73, 21.57, 28.04% by Bt & Bb, respectively). These two pathogens showed a significant effect on the yield with increasing pod yield 10.65, 20.32, 26.25% and 7.69, 14.58, 21.79% by Bt & Bb, respectively of yard long bean. Besides, these both the two entomopathogens were almost similar to the effect of a widely used chemical insecticide Nitro 505 EC in managing pod borer in the field.
Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 8(2): 199-204
Evaluation of Wheat Genotypes under Timely and Late Sowing Conditions
Authors: Poudel Padam Bahadur , Jaishi Uttam Kumar , Poudel Laxmi , Poudel Mukti Ram 
Published: June 2020

A field experiment was conducted at Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science (IAAS), Bhairahawa during winter season of 2019/2020 to find out the performance of wheat genotypes under timely sown (November 29, 2019) and late sown (December 25, 2019) conditions. The research was carried out in two environments (timely sown and late sown) following alpha lattice design with two replications. Each replication consists of five blocks with four plots in each block. The results revealed that all genotypes performance was decreased in late sowing environment. In late sown condition, there was significant difference among genotypes for all the traits under study and under timely sown condition, there was significant difference among genotype for all traits under study except weight of grains per spike and grain yield. The maximum yield was recorded in NL 1179 and Bhirkuti in timely and late sown conditions respectively. It was found that the mean grain yield in timely sown condition is 90.77 % higher than in late sown condition. The maximum grain yield was recorded in NL 1179 across combine environment.
Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 8(2): 161-169