bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preoperative Risk Factors for Dissatisfaction After Total Hip Arthroplasty Among Patients With Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head
Authors: Takemoto Genta , Seki Taisuke , Osawa Yusuke , takegami Yasuhiko , Kusano Taiki , Imagama Shiro 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: The objective of this study was to investigate the preoperative risk factors for dissatisfaction after total hip arthroplasty for osteonecrosis of the femoral head.Methods: A total of 71 patients (91 hips) with osteonecrosis of the femoral head who underwent total hip arthroplasty surgery in our hospital were included. The degree of satisfaction was evaluated using a visual analogue scale one year after the total hip arthroplasty. The patients were divided into two groups: the satisfied group (S group; visual analogue scale score > 20 mm) and the dissatisfied group (D group; visual analogue scale score < 20 mm). The results of the preoperative quality-of-life self-assessments, including the Short Form-36 and Japanese Orthopaedic Association Hip Disease Evaluation Questionnaire, were compared between the satisfied and dissatisfied groups. Multivariate analysis was performed to examine the independent preoperative risk factors.Results: There were 49 patients (64 hips) and 22 patients (27 hips) in the S and D groups, respectively. Patient age was significantly higher in the D group, and the movement and mental scores obtained with the Japanese Orthopaedic Association Hip Disease Evaluation Questionnaire and the Mental Component Summary scores of the Short Form-36 were significantly lower. However, there were no between-group differences in the pain score obtained with the Japanese Orthopaedic Association Hip Disease Evaluation Questionnaire and the Physical Component Summary and Role/Social Component Summary scores of the Short Form-36. Multivariate analysis showed that age and mental score obtained with the Japanese Orthopaedic Association Hip Disease Evaluation Questionnaire were independent risk factors.Conclusions: Preoperative age and mental score obtained with the Japanese Orthopaedic Association Hip Disease Evaluation Questionnaire strongly affected satisfaction levels observed one year after total hip arthroplasty in patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head.
Systematic analysis of RNAi-accessible SARS-CoV-2 replication steps identifies ORF1 as promising target
Authors: Ambike Shubhankar , Cheng Cho-Chin , Afridi Suliman , Feuerherd Martin , Hagen Philipp , Grass Vincent , Merkel Olivia , Pichlmair Andreas , Ko Chunkyu , Michler Thomas 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
A promising approach to combat SARS-CoV-2 constitute small interfering (si)RNAs. We systematically analyzed which SARS-CoV-2 replication steps are accessible for RNAi. We found that siRNAs can target the genome of incoming SARS-CoV-2 terminating replication after cell entry and preventing cytopathy. Suprisingly, siRNAs were not active against intermediate negative sense transcripts. Targeting sequences shared by different viral transcripts allowed simultaneous suppression of genomic and subgenomic viral RNAs by a single siRNA. The most effective suppression of viral replication and spread was achieved by siRNAs targeting open reading frame 1 (ORF1) which is solely part of genomic RNA. We propose that an improved accessibility of translational-active ORF1 during early replication, as well as the outcompetition of RNAi factors by common sequences of transcripts are responsible for this. Our work encourages efforts to develop siRNA-based therapies for COVID-19. Targeting ORF1, together with early treatment start or prophylactic use may be key for high antiviral efficiency.
Colostrum Avoidance Practice among primigavida Mothers in Urban Northwest Ethiopia. A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Ayalew Tilksew , Asmare Eden 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Breast milk is the ideal and complete form of nutrition for infants colostrum contains all the necessary nutrients for infants’ growth and development and antibodies that can protect from many childhood illnesses. Understanding the extent of and barriers to colostrum avoidance in Ethiopia is important for learning how to best improve optimal breastfeeding. No single study has been conducted on primigavida mothers in the country. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the rate of colostrum avoidance practice and associated factors among primigavida mothers Method: A community- based cross-sectional study was conducted from March to April 2016 among (n=398) randomly selected primigavida mothers in Bahir Dar city, northwest Ethiopia. Data were collected using a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS version25. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were carried out. Odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was used to measure the strength of association. Statistical significance was declared at P-value ≤0.05.Results: Out of 398 primipara mothers, 8.8% discarded colostrum. The most common reasons for discarding colostrum were; yellow and creamy (39.2%), bad for infant (35.2%), traditional/cultural reason (17.1%) and infant unable to feed (8.5%).Married mothers (OR=4.52, p<0.05), employed mothers (OR=3.46, p<0.05), mothers underwent normal delivery (OR=5.20, p<0.05) and mothers who initiated breastfeeding within 1 hr. (OR=2.79, p=0.05) were less likely to discard colostrum.Conclusion: The current study revealed that colostrum was discarded by 8.8 % of premiparious mothers. Primipara mothers who were married, unemployed, underwent normal delivery and initiated breastfeeding within one hour were less likely to discard colostrum. These results suggest that multi-sectorial and multi-disciplinary approaches are needed to increase optimal breastfeeding among premiparious mothers.
Disentangling Substance Use and Disorder: Urgency, But Not Sensation Seeking, Predicts Substance-Related Problems Above and Beyond The Degree of Substance Use.
Authors: Hildebrandt Malin , Dieterich Raoul , Endrass Tanja 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Substance use disorders are reliably associated with high impulsivity and sensation seeking. Importantly, both precede problematic substance use, implicating them as risk factors. Individuals with substance use disorders show variable degrees of substance use (combined quantity and frequency) and substance-related problems and differ in both aspects from healthy controls. Dimensional research has indicated differential associations of impulsivity-related traits as well as sensation seeking with the degree of substance use and substance-related problems. The current study aimed to clarify whether impulsivity-related traits and sensation seeking predict substance-related problems above and beyond the degree of substance use and are thus specifically linked to problems, the dimension that characterizes substance use disorders. Method: We assessed impulsivity-related traits and sensation seeking using self-report, as well as delay discounting, a behavioral indicator of impulsivity, in a sample of 258 substance-using adults. Results: Sensation seeking and impulsivity-related traits significantly predicted the degree of substance use, with sensation seeking explaining the largest portion of variance. In contrast, self-reported impulsivity, in particular when experiencing negative emotions (urgency), but not sensation seeking or delay discounting, predicted substance-related problems when controlling for the degree of substance use. Conclusions: This suggests that urgency, but not sensation seeking, may be specifically linked to substance-related problems and thus especially relevant for substance use disorders. Taken together, this study underlines the necessity to assess and control for the degree of substance use in risk factor research concerning substance-related problems. Thus, it may inform future research improving targeted prevention and therapy.
A Novel Data-driven Methodology for Influenza Outbreak Detection and Prediction
Authors: Du Lin , Pang Yan 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Influenza is an infectious disease that leads to an estimated 5 million severe illness cases and 650,000 respiratory deaths worldwide each year. Early detection and prediction of influenza outbreaks are crucial to efficient resource planning to save patients’ lives and healthcare costs. This paper proposes a novel data-driven methodology for influenza outbreaks detection and prediction. The doctor’s diagnosis-based prescription dataset of Influenza-Like Illness (ILI) from more than 3,000 clinics in Malaysia is used in this study because the prescription data are reliable and can be captured timely. A new Region Index (RI) of the influenza outbreak is proposed based on the prescription dataset. With the newly proposed RI metric, statistical and machine learning models are developed to detect and predict influenza outbreaks. Cross-validation is conducted to evaluate the prediction model performance. The proposed methods are also validated by real-world evidence. It is proved to be sensitive and accurate in influenza outbreak prediction with 80-90% accuracy, 70-80% recall, and 70-80% precision scores.
LncRNA GAS5 Participates in Pneumonia by Inhibiting Cells Apoptosis Through The Downregulation of MiR-155
Authors: Wang Xiaoping , Guo Ping , Tian Jiahui , Li Jie , Yan Na , Zhao Xin , Ma Yue 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: LncRNA GAS5 and miR-155 are reported to play opposite roles in lung inflammatory responses. Lung inflammation participates in pneumonia, indicating the involvement of GAS5 and miR-155 pneumonia. We then analyzed the potential interaction between GAS5 and miR-155 in pneumoniaMethods: GAS5 and miR-155 expression in plasma samples from pneumonia patients and controls was studied by RT-qPCR. The role of GAS5 in miR-155 RNA gene methylation in human Bronchial Epithelial Cells (HBEpCs) was analyzed by methylation analysis. Flow cytometry was applied to analyze cell apoptosis.Results: GAS5 was downregulated in pneumonia and miR-155 was upregulated in pneumonia. GAS5 and miR-155 were inversely correlated. GAS5 overexpression decreased miR-155 expression in HBEpCs, while miR-155 overexpression showed no significant effects on GAS5 expression. In addition, GAS5 suppressed the apoptosis of HBEpCs induced by LPS and reduced the enhancing effect of miR-155 on cell apoptosis.Conclusions: GAS5 may participate in pneumonia by inhibiting cells apoptosis through the downregulation of miR-155.
Risk Factors and Modes for Implant Failure in the Modern Dual Mobility Implant. A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis&nbsp;
Authors: Pai Fu-Yuan , Ma Hsuan-Hsiao , Chou Te-Feng , Tsai Shang-Wen , Huang Tsan-Wen , Huang Kuo-Chin , Chen Cheng-Fong , Chen Wei-Ming 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background The aims of this meta-analysis were to: (1) validate the outcome of modern dual mobility (DM) designs in patients who had undergone primary and revision total hip arthroplasty (THA) procedures and (2) to identify factors that affect the outcome.Methods We searched for studies that assessed the outcome of modern DM-THA in primary and revision procedures that have been conducted between January, 2000 to August, 2020 on PubMed, MEDLINE, Cochrane Reviews and Embase. The pooled incidence of common failure modes and functional scores were evaluated in patients who have received: (1) primary THA, (2) revision THA for all causes or (3) for recurrent dislocation. A meta-regression analysis was performed for each parameter to determine the association with the outcome.Results A total of 120 studies (N= 30016 DM-THAs) were included for analysis. The mean follow-up duration was 47.3 months. The overall implant failure rate was 4.2% (primary: 2.3%, revision for all causes: 5.5%, recurrent dislocation: 6.0%). The most common failure modes were aseptic loosening (primary: 0.9%, revision for all causes: 2.2%, recurrent dislocation: 2.4%), septic loosening (primary:0.8%, revision for all causes: 2.3%, recurrent dislocation: 2.5%), extra-articular dislocation (primary:0.6%, revision for all causes:1.3%, recurrent dislocation:2.5%), intra-prosthetic dislocation (primary:0.8%, revision for all causes:1.0%, recurrent dislocation:1.6%) and periprosthetic fracture (primary:0.9%, revision for all causes:0.9%, recurrent dislocation:1.3%). The multi-regression analysis identified younger age (β=-0.04, 95% CI -0.07 – -0.02) and female patients (β=3.34, 95% CI 0.91–5.78) were correlated with higher implant failure rate. Age, gender, posterolateral approach and body mass index (BMI) were not risk factors for extra-articular or intra-prosthetic dislocation in this cohort. The overall Harris hip score and Merle d’Aubigné score were 84.87 and 16.36, respectively.Conclusion Modern dual-mobility designs provide satisfactory mid-term implant survival and clinical performance. Younger age and female patients might impact the outcome after DM-THA.
The Extent of Community Pharmacists’ Involvement in Detecting and Resolving Drug Related Problems (DRPs) in Prescriptions - A Cross Sectional Study in a Community Pharmacy Setting From Sri Lanka
Authors: Janani Tharmalinga Sharma Jegath , Risla Rafaideen , Shanika Lelwala Guruge Thushani , Samaranayake Nithushi Rajitha 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Drug Related Problems (DRPs) in prescriptions could harm patients.Purpose: To assess, the prevalence of DRPs in prescriptions, and the ability of community pharmacists to detect and correct DRPs in prescriptions dispensed in a selected community pharmacy. Methods: A prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted in a selected community pharmacy in Colombo, Sri Lanka, where one researcher reviewed for DRPs in systematically selected prescriptions (N=400), and another directly observed the proportion of DRPs identified by community pharmacists in the same set of prescriptions. Actions taken by pharmacists on resolving DRPs were also documented. DRPs were classified according to a slightly modified version of Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe classification V8.01. Results: Among 1986 drugs, 1211 DRPs were identified by researchers, and 441 by community pharmacists (N=24). Drug selection (N=15), dose selection (N=817), duration of treatment (N=128), incomplete prescriptions (N=128), and in-house classification such as outdated prescriptions, missing unit of measurements, and ambiguous names of medicines that cannot be read by both community pharmacists and researcher (N=122) were the most common DRPs identified by researchers, of which only 1 (p<0.001), 394 (p<0.001), 13 (p=0.006), 5 (p<0.001), and 27 (p<0.001) respectively were identified by pharmacists. DRP identification by researcher and pharmacist did not significantly differ for inappropriate drug form (p=0.550). Among 441 DRPs identified by pharmacists, 406 were corrected by them (p=0.92). Most DRPs were self-resolved by pharmacists themselves (366/406) (p=0.90), while patients were also sent back to prescriber (14/406) (p=0.03) and refused to dispense drugs (9/406) (p=0.02).Conclusion: Among DRPs frequently observed in prescriptions in the community, pharmacists missed some, including incomplete prescriptions that had potential to harm. Pharmacist resolved most of the DRPs detected.
Differences between endolymphatic duct blockage and endolymphatic sac drainage surgery in the reversal of endolymphatic hydrops in patients with Meniere’s disease, preliminary results
Authors: Jiang Wenqi , Hu Junjiao , Peng Anquan , Wang Qin , Pan Xueying , Liu Wei , Zhang Zhiwen , Huang Chao , He Jun 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
To explore the differences between endolymphatic duct blockage (EDB) and endolymphatic sac drainage (EDD) surgery in the reversal of endolymphatic hydrops (EH) in patients with intractable Meniere’s disease (MD). A total of 19 MD patients receiving EDB (n=10) and EDD (n=9) treatment underwent gadoliniumenhanced inner ear magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans prior to, 2 weeks after and at >12 months following surgery. In the EDB group, the second MRI revealed no changes in EH, whereas the third MRI revealed a reversal of vestibular EH in 3 patients and a downgrading of cochlear hydrops in 2 of these 3 patients, who presented with an improvement in their hearing and complete control of vertigo. In the EDD group, the second MRI showed a reversal of EH in 4 patients, and no changes in EH in the remaining 5 patients, whereas the third MRI showed that those 4 patients who presented with a reversal of EH at the second MRI stage remained unchanged, with the exception of one patient who experienced a recurrence of vestibular hydrops. All 4 patients exhibited a complete control of vertigo, although hearing improved in only 1 of them, worsened in 1 and remained unchanged in 2. The present study showed the reversal in EH was likely due to the delayed effect of surgery accompanied by an improvement in hearing in EDB group, whereas the reduction in the endolymph volume presented as an acute reversal of hydrops in EDD group without a causeeffect relationship with hearing function.
Clinical Outcomes and Predictors of Response for Adalimumab in Patients with Moderately to Severely Active Ulcerative Colitis: A KASID Prospective Multicenter Cohort Study
Authors: Shin Seung Yong , Park Soo Jung , Kim Young , Im Jong Pil , Kim Hyo Jong , Lee Kang-Moon , Kim Ji Won , Jung Sung-Ae , Lee Jun , Kang Sang-Bum , Shin Sung Jae , Kim Eun Sun , Kim You Sun , Kim Tae Oh , Kim Hyun-Soo , Park Dong Il , Kim Hyung Kil , Kim Eun Soo , Kim Young-Ho , Kim Do Hyun , Teng Dennis , Kim Jong-Hwa , Kim Wonyong , Choi Chang Hwan 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
A prospective, observational, multicenter study was conducted over 56 weeks in 146 adult patients with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis (UC) who received adalimumab (ADA) at 17 Korean academic hospitals. Clinical response rates were 52.1% and 37.7% and clinical remission rates were 24.0% and 21.9% at weeks 8 and 56, respectively. Mucosal healing rates were 39.0% and 30.1% at weeks 8 and 56, respectively. Prior use of anti-tumor necrosis factor-α (anti-TNF-α) did not affect clinical outcomes. The ADA drug level was significantly higher in patients with better outcomes at week 8. In patients with lower endoscopic activity, higher body mass index, and higher serum albumin levels at baseline, the clinical response rate was higher at week 8. In patients with lower Mayo scores and C-reactive protein levels, clinical responses, and mucosal healing at week 8, the clinical response rate was higher at week 56. Serious adverse drug reactions were identified in 2.7% of patients. ADA is effective and safe for induction and maintenance in Korean patients with UC, regardless of prior anti-TNF-α therapy. The ADA drug level is associated with the efficacy of induction therapy. Patients with better short-term outcomes were predictive of those with an improved long-term response
Perception of Ophthalmologists to COVID-19 Using Health Belief Model
Authors: Almazyad Enmar , Ahmad Abeer , Jomar Deema , Khandekar Rajiv , Al-Swailem Samar 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Purpose:To assess ophthalmologists preparedness in such a critical period in the history of pandemics, a logical socio-psychological framework assessment using the health belief model (HBM) is essential to evaluate their risk perception, their willingness to actively participate in engaging in protective health behavior and acknowledge its benefits and their capability to perform adequate successful methods in limiting the spread of COVID-19 and overcome the barriers they might encounter while implementing such precautions.Methods:A cross-sectional study conducted in King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital using a questionnaire-based (HBM) was distributed to 135 ophthalmologists in the institute to evaluate their risk perception on COVID-19, and determine which components of the HBM contribute to preventive health behavior related to the COVID-19 infection.Results:The questionnaire had a reasonable response rate ( 79.3%, 107 ophthalmologists including; 48 consultants, 51 fellows, and 36 residents). The study demonstrated that this model is useful and mapped how several components were significantly correlated to actions. Most significantly, perceived susceptibility was the most important predictor of action. The second most important determinant of action was the perceived benefit.Conclusion:Pandemics such as COVID-19 are more likely to happen again in the future. Explicit attention to factors influencing motivation, such as threat perception to adopt appropriate health-related behavior to limit the spread of communicable diseases, is necessary. This study has successfully represented preparedness and risk behavior perception of ophthalmologists to the novel COVID-19 pandemic in one of the largest tertiary eye hospitals in the middle east using the health belief model.
Circulating Tumor Cells Predict Prognosis Following First-Generation EGFR-TKI Treatment in EGFR- and TP53-Mutant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: He Jing , Zhang Wei , Qian Huizhu , Liu Ping , Xu Jing , Gao Wen 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: First-generation EGFR-TKIs have become the first-line standard treatment for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with EGFR mutations. This study isolates and quantifies circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and evaluates patient prognosis before and after first-line treatment with EGFR-TKIs in advanced NSCLC with EGFR and TP53 mutation.Methods: Patients with advanced NSCLC with EGFR and TP53 mutation were treated with a first-generation EGFR-TKI using a standard daily dose. Continuous blood samples were collected at baseline (CTCs-d0) and 28 days (CTCs-d28), and the isolation by size of tumor cells (ISET) method was used to detect CTCs.Results: The CTCs results were divided into favorable (< 5 CTCs) and unfavorable (≥ 5 CTCs) groups. The median progression-free survival (PFS) of patients in the favorable group was significantly longer at baseline compared to those in the unfavorable group (15 vs 7.5 months; p = 0.0055). After 28 days of treatment with first-generation EGFR-TKI, the PFS of patients in the favorable group was 12.5 months, which was significantly longer than the median PFS of 7 months in the unfavorable group (p = 0.0003). After treatment, the PFS of patients with reduced CTCs was significantly better than those with no significant change in CTCs (9 months vs 6 months, p = 0.014). In univariate and multivariate analysis, patients with CTCs-d0 ≥ 5 and CTCs-d28 ≥ 5 had significantly lower PFS when compared to those with CTCs-d0 < 5 and CTCs-d28 < 5, respectively.Conclusion: This study confirmed for the first time that CTC count is closely correlated with prognosis in EGFR- and TP53-mutant advanced NSCLC following first-line treatment with first-generation EGFR-TKIs.