bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Crack Detection on Sheared-Edge of Ultra-High Strength Steel Sheet by Using Acid Immersion
Authors: Azzmer S. , Jaafar H. , Tajul L. , Sulaiman M. H. , Zailani Z. A. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In trimming of ultra-high strength steel (UHSS) sheet, the high strength of the sheet usually results in large fracture and low burnish surfaces on the sheared-edge. For metal stamping industries, large fracture surfaces are unwanted, as it not only deteriorates sheared-edge quality but also leads to delayed-crack. In this study, crack detection by using acid immersion on the sheared-edge of ultra-high strength steel sheet caused by the trimming process was investigated. The ultra-high strength steel sheet of JSC780YN, JSC980YN, and JSC1180YN having different strengths were trimmed and immersed in 35% hydrochloric acid under a controlled time interval. The steel sheet with higher strength was found to produce larger fracture surface after trimming, i.e. more than 50% of the entire sheared-edge is fracture surface. Besides, the larger fracture surface of the steel sheet results in higher crack exposure and higher crack propagation, which in the long run, it can cause failure to the part manufactured using UHSS.
Influence of TiO2 nanoparticles (wt%) onto the physical and mechanical properties of the TiO2-geopolymer paste
Authors: Mahmed Norsuria , Nor Saffirah Zailan Siti , Mustafa Al-Bakri Abdullah Mohd 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The TiO2-geopolymer paste had been prepared by dry-mixing of the fly ash with various concentration (wt%) of TiO2 nanoparticles (2.5%, 5.0%, 10.0% and 15.0%). Those powder mixtures were then mixed with the alkali activator with the ratio of 2.5 and were cured at room temperature for 28 and 640 days. The phase and chemical bonding analysis revealed that the incorporation of TiO2 nanoparticles did not create any additional phase or functional group, but only physical interaction might have occurred in between the TiO2 and geopolymer matrix. However, the physical properties were depending on the TiO2 nanoparticles content where setting time of the geopolymer can be shortened by the addition of certain amount of TiO2 nanoparticles (up to 5.0 wt%). The water absorption also increased as a function of TiO2 content, due to the formation of the micro cracks as a result from the agglomeration of TiO2 nanoparticles. The compressive strength reaches its maximum value, 85.9 MPa with 5.0 wt% of TiO2 nanoparticles. Beyond 5wt%, the strength decreased almost half of the maximum value, where agglomeration becomes a main factor. While for 640 days of ageing, sample with 15.0 wt% shows triple increment from 30.6 MPa to 95.3 MPa.
Simple and Green Approach Strategy to Synthesis Graphene Using Rice Straw Ash
Authors: Uda M.N.A. , Gopinath Subash C.B. , Hashim U. , Afnan Uda M.N. , Ibrahim Nur hulwani , Parmin N.A. , Halim N.H. , Anbu Periasamy 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Abundant resources of rice straw and carbon-neutral have a lot of potentials to be converted into various value-added product and become more green due to less utilization of chemical usage. Graphene is one of value-added had been converted from rice straw and was successfully synthesized by using activating rice straw ash (RSA) using potassium hydroxide (KOH) at 700 oC with 1:2.5 impregnation ratio. scanning electron microscopy (SEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), EDX Analysis with a field emission transmission electron Microscope (FETEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The current results can be the model for comparing the synthesize graphene from other plant sources.
Numerical Study of Magnetohydrodynamic Blood Flow through an Artery with Multiple Stenosis
Authors: Majekodunmi Joshua T , Anwar K. , Abdullah N 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The study theoretically accounts for the impact of Magnetohydrodynamics on streaming blood through an artery having multiple stenosis regions using the non-Newtonian Cross-rheological model. It is regarded that the streaming blood is unsteady and pulsative. The use of appropriate conditions is predicated on the assumption that the flow is laminar and axisymmetric which makes the problem two-dimensional. The geometry of stenosis was immobilized into a rectangular grid using the radial coordinate transformation. The finite difference scheme was employed for the numerical simulations. Specifically, magnetic field (Hartmann number), Reynolds number and severity of stenosis were varied over the entire arterial length. The results obtained predicted that increase in the Hartmann number and stenosis severity reduces the magnitude of the flow velocity, flow rate but the reverse is the case when the Reynolds number is increased. However, the wall shear stress and the resistance to flow are aided by increasing the Hartman number and the stenosis severity but reduces with increase in the Reynolds number. Hence, it is germane to apply the appropriate magnetic field in treatments otherwise, such patient may be vulnerable.
A Review on Raw Materials and Curing Methods Applied in Production of Ultra High Performance Concrete
Authors: Mohd Zahid M Z A , Abu Bakar B H , Mohamed Nazri F , Ab Rahim M A 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Ultra high performance concrete (UHPC) refers to cement based materials exhibiting high compressive strength, tensile strength and excellent durability. This paper reviews the raw materials and curing methods currently applied in UHPC manufacturing process. Raw materials, preparation techniques and curing methods have significant influence on properties of UHPC. The use of very high cement content, high strength cement and silica fume may improve the strength and compactness but increase the production cost. The use of high temperature curing leads to denser microstructure and better performance than room temperature curing and water curing do, but obviously limits its application of UHPC. Thus, preparation of UHPC using widely and locally available raw materials such as ordinary Portland cement CEM Type 1 42.5N and common technology such as room temperature curing are trends in production of UHPC.
The Effect of Harvesting Time on the Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Activity of Piper Crocatum (Sirih Merah) Extract
Authors: Rokiah Syd Kamaruzaman Syarifah , Farihan Kasim Khairul , Nor Jaafar Mahmad 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPiper crocatumis traditionally used as a treatment against diabetes mellitus, minor wounds and inflammation. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of harvesting time on the antioxidant and antidiabetic activity ofP. crocatumharvested at 2, 4, 6 and 8 months and identification of the compounds responsible for antidiabetic activity. The antioxidant activity of the extracts is evaluated by DPPH scavenging activity, total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) tests while the antidiabetic activity is evaluated by alpha amylase and alpha glucosidase inhibition assays. The results show that extracts obtained from harvesting time at 8 months have the highest antioxidant activity with the DPPH scavenging activity, TPC and TFC being 74.90 ± 0.27%, 492.92 ± 1.40 mg GAE/g and 79.58 ± 1.17 mg QE/g respectively and the highest antidiabetic activity with the alpha amylase and alpha glucosidase inhibition activity being 87.05±0.64% and 88.70±0.42% respectively. Principal component analysis (PCA) was also carried out and it is found that principle component 1 and 2 are associated with the harvesting time (81.7%) and extract concentration (12.4%) respectively. Five compounds are identified to be responsible for antidiabetic activity: caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, cyanidin-3-O-glucoside, tannin and gallic acid.
Portable Water Cooler with Water Heater Using Thermoelectric and Arduino Uno And Powered Using Power Bank
Authors: Fadzly M K , Aqilah S N , Farizuan  , Amarul T. , Irfan A R 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to use water cooler and water heater to improve the convenience of the user so that they can use the water cooler and mobile water heater properly and comfortably. This study focuses on how refrigeration and water heaters use thermoelectric pads as a cooling and heating medium. Peltier works when the voltage is flowing from the power bank. The temperature difference on the surface of the processor allows the heat to occur at a fast rate. Arduino uno is used as a voltage regulator and temperature sensor to improve product performance. concept designs are designed, created and evaluated. The final prototype will include some markers that will be used as temperature readings by cooling and heating. Based on the results shown, the prototype can achieve the desired result with optimized energy consumption. When the temperature supplier produces a good temperature, the amount of water temperature will rise and the heat in the water will reach thermal equilibrium until the cold and hot temperatures reach a better minimum. Therefore, the temperatures in the cold and hot areas are more efficient in achieving thermal equilibrium in rising water.
Stream technologies of data analysis in organizational and technological design in construction
Authors: Kagan Pavel 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The issues of intellectual processing of large data arrays in construction are considered. The concept of an automated system for analyzing big data is proposed. The technology of data mining assumes the possibility of estimating the time and cost of performing work on the basis of the used organizational and technological models and real indicators of time and labor observed by these models, and, accordingly, the formation of specific technical and economic indicators. Such indicators are of great importance in the current conditions of activity of construction organizations, they are used by the management of construction organizations in the preparation of tender documents, the development of construction organization projects, and in settlements with subcontractors. The proposed sequence of actions when using data mining technology to estimate the time and cost of work and resource consumption will allow at the stage of a feasibility study or decision to conclude contractual obligations to provide a better understanding of future costs and timing of work. This technique assumes the possibility of its use by both data analysis specialists, data scientist and process engineers, BIM managers, and the like and has a number of advantages due to the use of discriminant functions for data analysis.
Problem of damping oscillations of a mechanical system with integral memory
Authors: Bobyleva Tatiana , Shamaev Alexey 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The paper considers a mechanical system defined by a linear system of integro-differential equations with nonlocal convolution type terms. The problem of controllability is studied for various types of control (boundary and volume-distributed control) and various types of kernels. These kernels simulate the aftereffect of the system. It is proved that in some cases there is no possibility of damping the oscillations of the system for arbitrary initial conditions. In this work, those cases are distinguished when there is the possibility of damping oscillations over a finite period of time for any initial conditions.
Tiered public spaces – a new step in the development of megacities
Authors: Makarov Aleksander , Kalashnikova Yulia , Kalinovsky Sergey 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The paper analyzes aspects of the formation and development of the concept of public spaces. The classification of public spaces and their requirements are considered. The concept of a pedestrian bridge in the floodplain of the Tsaritsa river is proposed on the basis of generalization and analysis, applying the practice of developing level public spaces to the city of Volgograd, which is characterized by a complex terrain. The bridge will play an important role here. Its main function is communicative, since it could be used for the transition between the Central and Voroshilovsky districts of the city and, especially, for facilitating walks in the Park zone of the floodplain of the Tsaritsa river, since at the moment this zone is divided by the structures of the Volga children’s railway and therefore cannot be fully accessible and permeable space. A recreational function can also be implemented – the bridge will allow you to get into the garden, which can also be arranged on the roof of the Museum “Russia-my history” without climbing stairs, you can also place viewing platforms and a recreation area on the widths of the bridge. The bridge structure itself should become the dominant space that attracts visitors to the “Razdol’e” park.
Reinventing cities towards being smarter
Authors: Sedova Anastasiia , Balakina Alevtina 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
A smart city concept is becoming more popular. Many cities shift directions for the development of to “smart” destination, which is able to address rapid growth in the urban population and climate change. The concept of smart development consists of four dimensions that encompass various elements of smart cities, one of them, the environ-urban dimension, is stressed in this paper. The elements of this dimension are studied as exemplified by nine architectural projects, which won in the Reinventing Cities competition, launched in many cities across the globe. The competition is a call for urban projects to drive resilient and sustainable urban regeneration, which contributes to the idea of smart development. Urban solutions designed for the competition are listed by the authors in order to analyze what are the newest trends to “fill” the environ-urban dimension of smart development. The paper gives recommendations of what principles of urban design should follow architects in order to create projects which can contribute to smarter urban development.
Investigating urban household water - energy nexus towards supporting sustainable and smart city policies: The case of Hanoi City, Vietnam
Authors: Luong N D , Ha U T T , Hung P T , Minh N B 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Sustainable and smart management of urban water and energy sectors is one of challenges facing by Vietnamese cities today. This study examined the water-energy nexus in urban households by analysing the “cause-and-effect” relationships among four major individual attributes (age, gender, education level, and family size) and three household behaviours (showering, cooking, and washing) with water and water related energy uses for the case of Hanoi City. The amount and component of water and water related energy uses with respect to those household behaviours and individual attributes were explored. The results showed that both water use and water related energy use had relationship with gender, education level, and family size. Specifically, people with more water and energy uses were female with age ≤ 30 years old, especially who have higher education level and live alone. The better understanding on how household behaviours and individual attributes influencing the household water and water related energy uses provided by this study could help the urban planners, policy makers, and relevant stakeholders to identify the opportunities for designing better and smart solutions for household water and energy management, towards achieving the goals of sustainable and smart cities.
Experimental Evaluation of Nano Silica Effects to High Performance Concrete Strength in Early Age
Authors: Ngo Van-Thuc , Bui Tien-Thanh , Lam Thanh-Quang-Khai , Nguyen Thi-Thu-Nga , Nguyen Van-Hau 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Nano silicate SiO2 (NS) in the high-performance concrete (HPC) mixture is becoming great interest because it improves the mechanical properties of concrete. As the ultra-fine SiO2 particles with a very high ratio of surface area to mass, NS can tightening the structure and produces better quality gel products and thus concrete strength increases. However, the optimal rate of NS in high-performance concrete has not been investigated. This study experimentally evaluates the influence of NS on compressive strength and flexure strength of HPC of which nominal strength is 70MPa. Seven mixtures of HPC at NS rate of 0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5% and 3% over the total weight of the adhesive were conducted. Each mixture provides six samples for compressive tests and six samples for flexure tests. Total samples are 336 samples for four ages of concrete. Reliability of test results was carried out and results shown that at the early stage of HPC, an NS ratio of 1.5% shows the optimal value to improve the performance of concrete. This result also helps to apply NS in HPC in quality control in site application.
Effect of multi-adhesives on the properties of the concrete using sea sand and sea water
Authors: Viet Cuong Nguyen , Thi Thuy Van Tran 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The study about the use of sea sand and sea water as a raw material in concrete production has great significance in terms of ensuring construction time and reducing costs in the exploitation and transportation stages, especially for those with coastal areas and islands. The paper presents the research results of the influences of some adhesive types on the properties of reinforced concrete using local materials such as sea sand and sea-water. From research results, it is initially showed that the effectiveness of using some types of adhesives, increasing corrosion resistance as well as quality of concrete using sea sand and sea-water.
The Properties of High-strength Concrete with High Volume of Natural Pozzolan
Authors: Van Lam Tang , Xuan Hung Ngo , Bulgakov Boris , Aleksandrova Olga , Larsen Oksana 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This paper presents the properties of high-strength concrete containing a high volume of N-class natural pozzolan sourced from the Northern part of Vietnam. Based on the conducted studies’ results showed that the mechanical properties of the natural pozzolan concrete were generally lower than those of control concrete. However, with effects combined of natural pozzolan and SR-5000F superplasticizer on the microstructure of concrete, mechanical properties of high-strength concrete increases with the amount of natural pozzolan from 10 to 20% by mass of cement, then descends. In addition, the maximum temperature of both conventional and High-strength concrete specimens significantly decreases with the increasing content of natural pozzolan. Furthermore, the relationship between compressive and flexural strength, modulus of elasticity and compressive strength of heavyweight concrete specimens are also determined in this investigation.
Effects of air entraining admixture on the properties of lightweight aggregate concrete
Authors: Duy Nguyen Hieu , Thanh Mai Pham , Xuan Truong T. K. , Viet Anh Phan , Trang Trinh T. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In Lightweight Aggregate Concrete manufacturing, there is a stratification of lightweight aggregate during construction process, because bulk density of lightweight aggregates is much smaller than that of cement mortar. This paper presents some research results about the effect of air entrainment additive on the properties of lightweight aggregate concrete. When adding air entrainment admixture into lightweight concrete components with the amount of 0.02 – 0.08% by mass of binder, the stratification and bulk density of fresh concrete reduce, and strength of hardened concrete is also significantly reduced. Therefore, this result indicates that we should only use the air entrainment additive in small amounts (less than 0.02% by mass).
Theoretical foundations of the structure formation of cement stone and concrete
Authors: Khasanov Bakhridin , Irmuhamedova Lyudmila , Firlina G , Mirzaev Temur 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe analysis of resource-saving technologies led to the main conclusion that up to now high-intensity methods for physical modification and hyper-consolidation of concrete mix and concrete have not been developed. Taking into account the physicochemical principles of the structure formation of cement stone and concrete, the production of particularly high-strength concrete (Kb q> 100 MPa) is possible by using methods of modifying the concrete mixture, hyper-consolidation of the molded concrete taking into account the development of the optimal structure of the material, capable of significant stretch perception. The implementation of this idea in industrial production, apparently, is possible using simple technological methods for preparing concrete mixture, forming axisymmetric products, methods of hyper-consolidation of molded concrete and physical modification of concrete mixture, for example, by squeezing excess mixing water and entrained air [1].
Ultrasonic modifications of fine-grained limestone concrete
Authors: Belov Vladimir , Kuliaev Pavel , Barkaya Temur 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The structure formation of cement stone of fine-grained limestone concrete during hydration hardening of cements and filler based on them occurs due to the development of polydisperse and polymineral conglomerate, a process associated with an increase in the volume of crystallohydrates in relation to the volume of the original cement minerals, mixed with water. Structure formation is accompanied by the process of compaction of the developing system and polycrystallization with the formation of floccules of a porous hydrating mass. In the paper, ultrasonic processing is viewed to accelerate the all- side process of modification of concrete structure and hardening thereby stipulating the growth of strength and durability of concrete.
Development of high-strength self-compacting concrete with low fineness modulus sand
Authors: Smirnov Aleksandr , Dobshits Lev , Anisimov Sergey 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Self-compacting concrete is a highly flowing concrete that compact under self-weight without any vibration effort. The high workability of concrete mixtures is achieved by the reduction in coarse aggregate content while increasing fines aggregate volume. Usually, coarse quartz sands with fineness modulus more than 2.5 are used as fine aggregate. The use of low fineness modulus sands, characterized by high intergranular porosity and high specific surface area, as a fine aggregate, leads to an increase in the concrete mixture water demand and a decrease in its flowability. In such conditions, to obtain high-workability and high-strength concrete, increased cement consumption is required. The purpose of this study was to develop high-strength self-compacting concrete with reduced cement consumption and using low fineness modulus sand. To achieve this purpose, we optimized aggregates consumption in concrete composition, which achieves minimum aggregate mixture intergranular porosity, best concrete mixture workability without segregation, and maximum concrete strength. It has been established that silica fume and superplasticizer using allows obtaining high-strength self-compacting concrete of strength class B60 with low-quality fine sand and reduced cement consumption of 360 kg/m3. With increasing mixtures retention time before concrete placing, there was an insignificant increase in the flowability of obtained self-compacting concrete mixture and an improvement in the physical and mechanical properties of concrete. Remixing of concrete mixtures and concrete placing after 90 minutes from concrete mix preparation moment allowed to increase concrete strength to 17%, increase its density to 15 kg/m3, and reduce porosity to 25%.