bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Prediabetes Condition in Obese/Overweight Children in Selected School of Lalitpur District, Nepal
Authors: Karki Achyut Raj , Giri Mona , Sthapit Rekha 
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Obesity, hypertension and diabetes are the most powerful predictor of cardiovascular diseases in children as well as adults. These factors are interlinked to one another and form a vicious cycle. In Nepal obesity in children is not a priority search for a researcher owing to the overwhelming presence of undernutrition. The main aim of the study was to explore the cardiovascular risk factors among overweight and obese school children of the selected schools
Methods: We performed a cross-sectional descriptive study in a semi urban area private school in Lalitpur district, Nepal in 310 students of age group 14-16 years of 10th grade. The distribution of obesity by BMI and WC category was searched for. Capillary fasting glucose level was measured by glucometer and food habit and physical activities were inquired through structured questionnaire. Height and weight were measured by simple measuring tape and bathroom scale weighing machine. Blood pressure was measured by aneroid sphygmomanometer using standard technique. All the data were compared to the standards of south Indian study of children percentile chart.
Results: Obesity and overweight were found in 18.7 percent children. Pre-hypertension was found in 8.6 percent. Physical inactivity in terms of > 2 hours of TV watching, mobile and video game playing was found in 31.46 percent of obese children which was statistically significant (P<.001). However, there were no children found to be prediabetic.
Conclusions: There is increasing obesity among school going children in semi urban cluster of Kathmandu valley. The physical inactivity in the form of watching TV or playing video games/mobiles is associated with development of obesity. Hypertension is prevalent among obese children.
THE PHENOMENON OF DUALITY (BINARITY) IN THE HISTORICAL AND LEGAL TOPOI OF ANTIENT RUSSIA
Authors: Афанасьевский Вадим Леонидович 
Published: October 2020

Предметом анализа статьи является дуальность/бинарность русского правового дискурса в историко-культурном пространстве Руси. Автор исходит из того факта, что в отличие от королевств Западной Европы становление русской правовой традиции было обусловлено отсутствием у русских книжников интереса к абстрактному теоретическому мышлению, в связи с чем византийские юридические кодексы не могли быть освоены и воспринимались как «елинские борзости». По мнению автора, возникновение и становление русской правовой традиции необходимо рассматривать сквозь призму бинарности русской культуры. Это проявилось в диглоссии правового дискурса русичей. Памятники правовой мысли Руси можно четко разделить по сферам регламентации исходя из языка, на котором они были написаны. Собственно русское протоправо было записано на русском языке, в то время как византийские юридические кодексы переводились на церковнославянский язык. Византийское право использовалось в церковных судах для регламентирования отношений церковных людей и для регулирования области администрирования, традиционные же русские нормы (Русская Правда) задействовались в сфере повседневной жизни. Данная дуальность определяла облик русского правового дискурса вплоть до XVII в.
The subject of the article's analysis is the duality/binary of the Russian legal discourse in the historical and cultural space of Russia. Russian legal tradition was formed in contrast to the kingdoms of Western Europe due to the lack of interest in abstract theoretical thinking among Russian scribes, which is why the Byzantine legal codes could not be mastered and were perceived as «ellin sophistications». Russian legal tradition should be viewed through the prism of the binary nature of Russian culture, according to the author. This was manifested in the diglossia of the legal discourse of the Rus. Monuments of legal thought of Russia can be clearly divided into areas of regulation based on the language in which they were written. Russian proto-law was written in Russian, while the Byzantine legal codes were translated into Church Slavonic. Byzantine law was used in Church courts to regulate the relations of Church people and to regulate the field of administration, while traditional Russian norms (Rиsskaya Pravda) were used in the sphere of everyday life. This duality defined the appearance of Russian legal discourse until the 17th century.
PARADOXES OF CRIMINAL POLICY AND LEGAL TECHNIQUE IN THE FIELD OF COUNTERING CRIMES ENCROACHING ON SEXUAL IMMUNITY AND SEXUAL FREEDOM OF THE PERSON
Authors: Неганов Дмитрий Александрович , Насреддинова Кристина Александровна 
Published: October 2020

В статье представлено авторское видение наиболее значимых парадоксов современной уголовной политики и юридической техники в сфере противодействия преступлениям, посягающим на половую неприкосновенность и половую свободу личности. Фактическое уничтожение сформированных ранее моральных и культурных ценностей привело к существенному снижению уровня нравственности в современном обществе. Это подтверждается ростом посягательств на выделенные нами объекты уголовно-правовой охраны. Реакция законодателя на происходящее повлекла за собой существенное, концептуальное видоизменение уголовного законодательства в этой области. Кардинально изменена уголовно-правовая концепция, ранее сформированная как в восемнадцатой, так и в двадцать пятой главах Уголовного кодекса России, что породило возникновение ряда существенных парадоксов во взятом для исследования секторе правового регулирования. К основным из них можно отнести коллизионность примечания к ст. 131 УК РФ, пробельность положений ст. 134 УК РФ в части ненаказуемости иных действий сексуальной направленности, проблемы в формировании санкционной политики, а также вопросы конкуренции смежных деяний. В статье не только предпринята попытка их демонстрации, но и представлены пути разрешения.
The article presents the author's vision of the most significant paradoxes of modern criminal policy and legal technique in the field of combating crimes that infringe on sexual integrity and sexual freedom of the individual. The actual destruction of the previously formed moral and cultural values, entailed a significant decrease in the level of morality among the population of Russia. This is confirmed both by a significant increase in encroachments on the objects of criminal law protection that we have identified, and on public morality. The legislator's reaction to what is happening has led to a significant, conceptual modification of the criminal legislation in this area. The criminal law concept, previously formed both in the eighteenth and twenty-fifth chapters of the Criminal Code of Russia, has been radically changed, which has given rise to a number of significant paradoxes in the area taken for research. The main ones include the conflict of laws of the note to Art. 131 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, the blankness of the provisions of Art. 134 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation with regard to the impunity of other sexual acts, problems in the formation of sanctions policy, as well as issues of competition of related acts. The article not only attempts to demonstrate them, but also ways to resolve them.
ANALYSIS OF SOME PROBLEMS CONCERNING THE EXECUTION OF CORRECTIONAL LABOUR SENTENCES (BASED ON THE RESULTS OF EMPIRICAL STUDY FOR THE PERIOD 2017-2019)
Authors: Симагин Александр Олегович 
Published: October 2020

С января 2017 г. судами может быть назначен новый вид уголовного наказания - принудительные работы. За указанный период правоприменители при исполнении данного наказания столкнулись с рядом проблем. Автор статьи на основе данных анкетирования начальников исправительных центров и учреждений, функционирующих как исправительные центры, проводит анализ проблем, связанных с процессом исполнения наказания в виде принудительных работ, и предлагает пути его совершенствования. Исследование поводилось за период с 2017 г. по 2019 г., что позволило автору сравнивать показатели, характеризующие ситуацию при исполнении анализируемого вида наказания. Автором отмечается негативная динамика в указанном процессе, что вызвано в том числе и увеличением количества лиц, осужденных к принудительным работам. В статье представлены данные о видах и количестве преступлений, которые осужденные совершают, находясь в исправительных центрах, а также перечислены виды профилактической работы по недопущению совершения преступлений и правонарушений. Кроме того, автор обосновывает необходимость введения в штатное расписание исправительного центра должность оперуполномоченного сотрудника.
From January 2017, the courts may impose a new type of criminal punishment - forced labour. Certainly, for the specified period law-enforcement bodies have faced a number of problems at execution of the given penalty. In this connection, the author of the article, on the basis of empirical data obtained from a survey of the heads of correctional centres and institutions operating as correctional centres, analyses the difficulties in their work and proposes ways of improving the process of enforcing the penalty of forced labour. The study was conducted in the period from 2017 to 2019, which allowed the author to compare indicators characterizing the situation in the execution of the analyzed type of punishment. The author concludes that there is a negative dynamics in this process, which is caused, among other things, by an increase in the number of persons convicted to forced labor. The article presents data on the types and number of crimes that convicts commit while in correctional centres, and lists types of preventive work to prevent the commission of crimes and offences. In addition, the author justifies the need to introduce the post of an authorized officer in the Correctional Centre's staffing table.
PECULIARITIES OF QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE CRITERIA OF CRIMES OF VIOLENCE COMMITTED IN PENAL INSTITUTIONS
Authors: Унтеров Владимир Анатольевич 
Published: October 2020

Эффективное предупреждение преступлений, совершаемых в местах лишения свободы, предполагает обязательный анализ криминологических особенностей преступной деятельности, представляющих собой количественно-качественные параметры конкретного вида пенитенциарной преступности. Насильственная преступность, являясь одним из наиболее опасных видов преступности, безусловно, требует особого внимания криминологов, в том числе пенитенциаристов. Совершение подобных преступлений в исправительных учреждениях свидетельствует о неэффективности уголовно-исполнительной системы России в части, прежде всего, профилактической работы. В свою очередь предупреждение насильственных преступлений в исправительных учреждениях невозможно без понимания причин и условий их совершения, личностных особенностей тех, кто их совершает, а также без анализа фактических обстоятельств их совершения. Рассмотренные автором в настоящей статье количественно-качественные параметры насильственной пенитенциарной преступности позволяют воссоздать объективную картину данного вида деликтов, что необходимо для совершенствования профилактической деятельности в учреждениях уголовно-исполнительной системы. Учет этих показателей, как представляется, позволит существенно снизить (минимизировать) насильственную преступность в местах изоляции от общества, что является одним из важнейших направлений уголовно-исполнительной политики нашего государства.
Effective crimes’ prevention committed in places of deprivation of liberty presupposes an obligatory analysis of criminological features of criminal activit, which are quantitative and qualitative criteria of a specific type of penitentiary crime. Violent crime being one of the most dangerous types of crime, undoubtedly requires special attention of criminologists, including penitentiaries. Committing such crimes in correctional institutions testifies to the ineffectiveness of the penal system in Russia in terms of, first of all, preventive work. In turn, the prevention of violent crimes in correctional institutions is impossible without understanding the reasons and conditions for their commission, the personal characteristics of those who commit them, as well as without analyzing the actual circumstances of their commission. The quantitative and qualitative parameters of violent penitentiary crime considered by the author in this article make it possible to recreate an objective picture of this type of tort, which is necessary to improve preventive activities in the institutions of the penal system. Taking these indicators into account, it seems, will significantly reduce (minimize) violent crime in places of isolation from society, which is one of the most important areas of the penal policy of our state.
PRINCIPLES OF TEAM BUILDING IN PROJECT ACTIVITY
Authors: Ермолаева М.В. , Кокуева Ж.М. , Погодина А.В. 
Published: October 2020

Статья посвящена особенностям процесса формирования команды проекта. Показано, что этот процесс обусловлен специфическими свойствами команд, которые позволяют отличать их от коллективов, характеризуемых жесткой структурой подчинения. Выявлено, что к числу таких свойств команды относится интеграция интеллектуальных и личностных ресурсов, нахождение и использование внутренних резервов, которые нельзя вовлечь в управление административными методами, отсутствие группового давления. Показано, что процесс командообразования должен строиться на основе анализа компетенций и ролей каждого члена команды, а также их интеграции в совместную работу.
The article is devoted to the features of the team building process in project teams. It is shown that this process is due to the specific properties of teams, which make it possible to distinguish them from the collective characterized by a rigid subordination structure. It has been revealed that such team properties include the integration of intellectual and personal resources, finding and using internal reserves that cannot be involved in the management of administrative methods, and the absence of group pressure. It is shown that the team building process should be based on an analysis of the competencies and roles of each team member, as well as their integration into joint work.
THE AESTHETIC ASPECT OF PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY
Authors: Завалишина Д.Н. 
Published: October 2020

Рассматривается одно из проявлений творческого способа существования человека в профессии - эстетическое «измерение» его трудовой активности. Выделяются три формы реализации эстетического отношения в труде: оценка другими людьми (потребителями, коллегами) продуктов труда человека по эстетическим критериям красоты, гармонии и соразмерной завершенности; эстетическое «измерение» процесса труда («красивая работа»); эмоционально-эстетическое воздействие результатов и процесса работы человека, например педагога, на других людей. Показывается позитивное влияние эстетического «измерения» на актуализацию личностных потенциалов специалистов в опасных видах труда.
We consider one of the manifestations of the creative way of human existence in the profession - the aesthetic "dimension" of his labor activity. There are three forms of implementation of the aesthetic attitude in work: evaluation by other people (consumers, colleagues) of human labor products according to aesthetic criteria of beauty, harmony and proportionate completeness; aesthetic "measurement" of the labor process ("beautiful work"); emotional and aesthetic impact of the results and process of a person's work, for example, a teacher, on other people. The positive influence of the aesthetic "dimension" on the actualization of personal potentials of specialists in dangerous types of work is shown.
Plasenta Dekolmanı İçin Risk Faktörleri, Maternal ve Perinatal Sonuçlar; Tek Merkezin 5 Yıllık Deneyimi
Authors: ULUUTKU Gizem Berfin , ERGİN Başak , KALE İbrahim , BAYIK Rahime 
Published: October 2020

ÖZET
Amaç: Çalışmamızda plasenta dekolmanı için risk faktörlerini tespit etmek, doğum haftasına göre maternal ve perinatal sonuçlarını değerlendirmek.
Gereçler ve Yöntem: Ocak 2014 ve Ocak 2019 yılları arasında Ümraniye Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi’ndeki doğum kayıtları retrospetif olarak tarandı. 20. gebelik haftasından sonra sezaryene alınan ve klinik olarak plasenta dekolmanı tanısı alan 142 hasta değerlendirmeye alındı. Plasenta dekolmanı tanısı operasyon esnasında retroplasental veya intraplasental hematomun izlenmesiyle konulmuştur. Çalışma tekil gebeliklerle planlanmış ve 5 hasta çoğul gebelik nedeniyle çalışma dışı bırakılmış, toplam 137 hasta çalışmaya dahil edildi.
Bulgular ve Sonuç : Çalışmaya alınan olguların %49,6’sının (n=68) hastaneye başvuru sebebi kanama, %28,5’inin (n=39) sancı, %10,9’unun (n=15) su gelişi, %0,7’sinin (n=1) düşme, %1,5’inin (n=2) miad aşımı, %3,6’sının (n=5) mide bulantısı, baş ağrısı olduğu gözlenirken %5,1’inin (n=7) sadece kontrol amaçlı başvurduğu gözlenmiştir. Olguların %31,4’ünde (n=43) kan ve kan ürünleri replasmanı uygulanmıştır. Bebeklerin %32,8’inde (n=45) YDYBÜ yatışı gerekmezken, %42,3’ünün (n=58) yeni doğan yoğun bakım ünitesi (YDYBÜ) yatışı sonrasında taburcu olduğu, %9,5’inin (n=13) YDYBÜ yatışı esnasında ex olduğu izlenmiştir. %15,3’ünün (n=21) ise intrauterin ex fetüs (IUEF) olduğu gözlenmiştir. Plasenta dekolmanı maternal ve perinatal morbidite ve mortaliteyi aşikâr biçimde artırmaktadır. Literatürde normal gebe popülasyonundaki oranları ile kıyaslandığında çalışmamızda hipertansif hastalıklar, intrauterin gelişme geriliği, proteinüri ve plasenta previa olgularının plasenta dekolmanında anlamlı şekilde yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Plasenta dekolmanına neden olan risk faktörlerinin bilinmesi, gebelerin yönetiminde ve doğum komplikasyonlarının azaltılmasında yarar sağlayacaktır.
A Novel Machine Learning Approach to Disentangle Multitemperature Regions in Galaxy Clusters
Authors: Rhea Carter , Hlavacek-Larrondo Julie , Perreault-Levasseur Laurence , Gendron-Marsolais Marie-Lou , Kraft Ralph 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The hot intracluster medium (ICM) surrounding the heart of galaxy clusters is a complex medium that comprises various emitting components. Although previous studies of nearby galaxy clusters, such as the Perseus, the Coma, or the Virgo cluster, have demonstrated the need for multiple thermal components when spectroscopically fitting the ICM’s X-ray emission, no systematic methodology for calculating the number of underlying components currently exists. In turn, underestimating or overestimating the number of components can cause systematic errors in the emission parameter estimations. In this paper, we present a novel approach to determining the number of components using an amalgam of machine learning techniques. Synthetic spectra containing a various number of underlying thermal components were created using well-established tools available from the Chandra X-ray Observatory. The dimensions of the training set was initially reduced using principal component analysis and then categorized based on the number of underlying components using a random forest classifier. Our trained and tested algorithm was subsequently applied to Chandra X-ray observations of the Perseus cluster. Our results demonstrate that machine learning techniques can efficiently and reliably estimate the number of underlying thermal components in the spectra of galaxy clusters, regardless of the thermal model (MEKAL versus APEC). We also confirm that the core of the Perseus cluster contains a mix of differing underlying thermal components. We emphasize that although this methodology was trained and applied on Chandra X-ray observations, it is readily portable to other current (e.g., XMM-Newton, eROSITA) and upcoming (e.g., Athena, Lynx, XRISM) X-ray telescopes. The code is publicly available at https://github.com/XtraAstronomy/Pumpkin.
Re-examining the Radial Distributions of M13 Multiple Populations
Authors: Smolinski Jason P. , Hoogendam Willem B. , Van Kooten Alex J. , Benac Peyton , Bruce Zachary J. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
We seek to resolve the tension in the literature regarding the presence of radially segregated multiple populations in the Galactic globular cluster M13. Previous studies of this nearby cluster have presented discordant results about the degree of dynamical mixing in M13's inner region. Using ground-based (UBVI) photometry, we show that cumulative radial distributions of stars on the blue and red sides of the red giant branch are statistically identical. Interestingly, these results are obtained using data from large-aperture, ground-based telescopes as well as a more modestly sized instrument, and both are in agreement with previous work done using Hubble Space Telescope and Strömgren photometry. Results are derived using the C

U,B,I
index, shown to be sensitive to compositional differences. We discuss our conclusions that the chemically distinct populations within M13 may be dynamically mixed in the context of published results from simulations.
<b> Taxas de cesarianas em um hospital universitário a partir da classificação de Robson/Cesarean section rates in a university hospital based on the Robson classification
Authors: Reis Agnes Maria , Beltrame Renata Cristina Teixeira , Arantes Rayssa Basilio Santos , Correa Áurea Cristina de Paula , Martins Debora Pereira 
Published: October 2020

Objetivo: descrever as taxas de cesáreas de um hospital universitário a partir da Classificação de Robson. Método: descritivo e transversal, realizado a partir de dados do Sistema de Informações de Nascidos Vivos dos partos ocorridos em um hospital universitário, entre 2015 e 2017. Resultados: houve aumento progressivo da via de parto cesárea e a consequente manutenção da elevada taxa geral de cesariana. Quantidade considerável das parturientes possuía condições obstétricas favoráveis para o parto vaginal e, caso tivesse sido acompanhada por enfermeiras (os) obstétricas (os), poderia ter aumentado a sua possibilidade de ter um parto vaginal. O maior grupo da Classificação de Robson foi o de multíparas, com cesárea anterior e gestação a termo (grupo 5), que provavelmente está relacionado ao número elevado de cesariana identificado em primíparas (grupo 1) e a limitações dos métodos de indução para o trabalho de parto. Conclusão: o uso da Classificação de Robson permitiu conhecer, com maior especificidade, o perfil das mulheres submetidas à cesárea no serviço, o que pode subsidiar a elaboração de estratégias mais efetivas e condizentes com a realidade no enfrentamento das taxas elevadas de cesariana.