bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alveolar soft part sarcoma of the right calf
Authors: Wang Bin , Wang Huanhuan , Wei Jinlong , Qu Limei , Meng Lingbin , Xin Ying , Jiang Xin 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Rationale:
Alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS) is a rare malignant soft tissue neoplasm with controversial histogenesis. ASPS accounts for 0.5% to 1% of all soft tissue sarcomas. Because of its rarity, ASPS is easily misdiagnosed, increasing the risk of incorrect treatment.

Patient concerns:
A 6-year-old female patient presented with a history of a 2.0 × 2.5 × 3.0-cm mass in the deep soft tissues of her right lower extremity.

Diagnoses:
Histopathological features indicated the diagnosis of ASPS. Microscopically, a diffuse arrangement of tumor cells or pseudoalveolar architectures separated by thin and well-vascularized fibrous septa were observed. Immunohistochemical staining of the tumor cells indicated positivity for transcription factor E3, myogenic determination factor 1, and periodic acid–Schiff–diastase (PAS-D) and showed a Ki-67 proliferating index of approximately 20%.

Interventions:
The patient underwent enlarged resection of the tumor and was treated with radiotherapy.

Outcomes:
During the 3-year follow-up, the patient has remained in good condition, with no symptom recurrence, distant metastatic spread, or significant toxicity during or after treatment. The patient remains under regular surveillance.

Lessons:
Its low incidence, lack of characteristic clinical manifestations, and atypical location often lead to ASPS misdiagnosis and subsequent incorrect treatment. Nuclear expression of transcription factor E3 is of diagnostic value for ASPS. At present, there is no consensus on the treatment for ASPS. In-depth pathological analysis is needed to better understand the characteristics of this tumor.
Herbal medicine on cancer-related fatigue of lung cancer survivors
Authors: Kwon Chan-Young , Lee Boram , Kim Kwan-Il , Lee Beom-Joon 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background:
Lung cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide, and approximately half of the patients with lung cancer receiving chemotherapy suffer from cancer-related fatigue (CRF). Herbal medicines (HMs) have been used in Oriental countries for centuries as tonics. Various beneficial effects of HM on fatigue and cancer have been reported. However, the effectiveness and safety of HM for CRF in lung cancer patients have not been synthesized. The purpose of this systematic review is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of HM for CRF in patients with lung cancer, regardless of their cancer type or stage.

Methods and analysis:
A comprehensive search will be conducted in 12 electronic medical databases including 5 English-language databases (Medline via PubMed, EMBASE via Elsevier, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials [CENTRAL], the Allied and Complementary Medicine Database [AMED] via EBSCO, and the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature [CINAHL] via EBSCO), 4 Korean-language databases (Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System [OASIS], Koreanstudies Information Service System [KISS], Research Information Service System [RISS], and Korea Citation Index [KCI]), 2 Chinese-language databases (China National Knowledge Infrastructure [CNKI] and Wanfang Data), and 1 Japanese-language database (CiNii). Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-RCTs on HM for CRF will be allowed. The severity of fatigue assessed using a validated tool will be considered as theprimary outcome. The secondary outcomes will include the patients’ quality of life, activities of daily life, incidence of adverse events, and total effective rate. Two independent researchers will perform the study selection, data extraction, and quality assessment. RevMan version 5.3 will be used for data synthesis. The methodological quality of the included RCTs will be assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration's risk of bias tool. In the meta-analysis, for dichotomous data and continuous data, risk ratio and mean difference, respectively, will be estimated with their 95% confidence intervals. According to the heterogeneity, either a fixed-effects or a random-effects model will be used.

Ethics and dissemination:
Ethical approval is not required because individual patient data are not included. The findings of this systematic review will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed publication or conference presentation.

PROSPERO registration number:
CRD42019141660.
Tripterygium wilfordii multiglycosides combined with prednisone in the treatment of idiopathic membranous nephropathy
Authors: Jin Yuxia , Zhang Jiayuan , Wang Yunxia , Xiao Xiao , Zhang Qi 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Aim:
The aim of this review is to assess the efficacy and safety of tripterygium wilfordii multiglycosides combined with prednisone in the treatment of idiopathic membranous nephropathy.

Background:
Tripterygium wilfordii multiglycosides, a Chinese patent medicine, is widely in-depth research in China, and is proved to have anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effect. It has been extensively used in China for the treatment of autoimmune diseases, such as idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN). However, there has no relevant systematic review studied on its effects and safety been reported. We plan to perform a systematically reviewing to assess the efficacy and safety of tripterygium wilfordii multiglycosides combined with hormones in the treatment of IMN.

Methods:
Seven electronic databases will be searched to identify eligible trials. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared tripterygium wilfordii multiglycosides combined with prednisone versus standard therapy are included. Methodological quality is assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias tool. A random- or fixed-effect model is used to analyze outcomes that are expressed as risk ratios (RRs) or mean differences (MD), and the I
2 statistic is used to assess heterogeneity.

Results:
A high-quality synthesis of current evidence of tripterygium wilfordii multiglycosides combined with prednisone in the treatment of idiopathic membranous nephropathy will be provided in this study.

Conclusion:
This systematic review will provide evidence of whether tripterygium wilfordii multiglycosides is an effective intervention for idiopathic membranous nephropathy.
PROSPERO registration number: No.CRD42018118179.
Complications of hardware removal in pediatric upper limb surgery
Authors: Scheider Philipp , Ganger Rudolf , Farr Sebastian 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPrevious studies indicated that hardware removal may lead to increased morbidity and therefore, at least in adults, remains questionable for certain indications. However, risks such as corrosion or local reactions may be less likely in younger patients with current, improved hardware materials. We sought to retrospectively determine complication rates of hardware removal in pediatric upper limb surgery, and establish potential risk factors for increased morbidity.All children and adolescents who underwent inpatient hardware removal under anesthesia after previous upper limb surgery between 2002 and 2016 were retrospectively evaluated. The following details were extracted at the latest follow-up: demographics, implant location, hardware material, duration of surgery, duration of hardware in situ, and any complications graded according to Goslings et al (grade 0–5) and Sink et al (grade 1–5), respectively. Correlations were calculated to establish potential relationships between specific outcome parameters (e.g., location, duration of surgery etc.) and complication grades.A total of 2089 children were evaluated of whom 317 patients with 449 interventions (mean age 9.4 years) fulfilled the inclusion criteria for this study. Overall, 203 K-wires (46%), 97 plates (22%), 102 external fixators (23%), 32 intramedullary nails (7%), 6 screws (1%), 4 cerclages (1%) and 1 pin (0.2%) were removed; most common locations were the forearm (34%) and humerus (24%). The mean duration of surgery was 40 minutes (± 50.9), mean time in situ was 194 days (± 319.6). Complication rates were low overall, with most being grade 0 (n = 372; 83%) or 1 (n = 60; 13%) according to Goslings et al and grade 1 (n = 386; 86%) and 2 (n = 42; 9%) according to Sink et al. No severe complications were observed. The following predictors were related to the severity of the complications in linear regression analysis: more distal localizations, external fixators, longer duration of surgery and female sex.Hardware removal under anesthesia in the pediatric upper extremity has produced a low complication rate with no severe complications and can thus be considered to be safe. Increased morbidity occurred in more distal localizations, external fixators, longer surgeries and females.Level of Evidence:Therapeutic, Level IV.
Safety and efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with HBV/HCV infection and advanced-stage cancer
Authors: Pu Dan , Yin Liyuan , Zhou Yuwen , Li Wen , Huang Lin , Cai Liang , Zhou Qinghua 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background:
Cancer patients with hepatitis B or C virus (HBV/HCV) infection are commonly seen in clinical practice, however, the data of safety and efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) among them are sparse, because active HBV/HCV infected patients were generally excluded by clinical trials and the correlation between previous infection and treatment-related adverse events was rarely reported. This review is the first to summarize the results on the safety and efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in HBV/HCV infected cancer patients.

Method:
We searched literature and conference abstracts in PubMed and Embase followed the PRISMA guideline, using the keywords hepatitis B, hepatitis C, immune checkpoint inhibitor, ipilimumab, nivolumab, pembrolizumab, atezolizumab, durvalumab, avelumab, tremelimumab. Studies described patients with HBV/HCV infection treated with ICIs for advanced stage cancer were included.

Findings:
One hundred eighty six patients were identified from 14 articles (8 case reports, 4 case series, 2 trials). Eighty nine patients had HBV infection and 98 had HCV infection (1 both had HBV and HCV). The majority of patients were treated with PD-1 inhibitor monotherapy (140 of 186, 75.3%) and anti-CTLA-4 monotherapy (36 of 186, 19.4%). No treatment-related death was reported. The incidence of grade 3 or 4 hepatic transaminase elevating (HTE) in HBV and HCV infected patients were 3.4% (3/89) and 17.3% (17/98), respectively. 2.8% patients without antivirus therapy experienced virus load increasing, and 1.9% presented virus-related hepatitis. In terms of efficacy, 22 of 118 (18.6%) patients with liver cancer, 11 of 34 (32.4%) with melanoma, 1 of 6 (16.7%) with NSCLC showed objective responses (CR and PR) to ICIs in spite of lines of therapies.

Conclusion:
ICIs is considered to be safe and effective in advanced cancer patients with hepatitis B or C infection, but still has possibilities to reactive hepatitis virus due to uncertain mechanisms. We recommend that those with viral hepatitis be monitored closely and treated with antiviral therapy if indicated before or during ICIs treatment.
Preoperative assessment of contrast-enhanced spectral mammography of diagnosed breast cancers after sonographic biopsy
Authors: Cheung Yun-Chung , Juan Yu-Hsiang , Lo Yung-Feng , Lin Yu-Ching , Yeh Chih-Hua , Ueng Shir-Hwa 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
To assess the feasibility of using contrast-enhanced spectral mammography (CESM) for operative planning of patients with breast cancers who were initially diagnosed by sonographic guided biopsy.
With the approval of the Institutional Review Board of our hospital, we retrospectively reviewed the data on patients with breast cancers who underwent CESM and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (CE-MRI) prior to operation and were followed up for at least 5 years postoperatively. The patients with breast cancer diagnosed by sonographic guided biopsy without mammography were included for analysis. The size and number of cancers on low-energy mammograms (LE-MG), recombined subtracted mammograms (RSM), and CE-MRI were recorded and compared with microscopic histopathologic data and at least 5 years of clinical follow-up data.
Fifty-one cancerous breasts of 46 patients were included in the analysis. All the principal cancers could be detected by RSM or CE-MRI; however, only 45 were by LE-MG. The Pearson correlation coefficients for the size on microscopy were 0.44 for LE-MG, 0.77 for RSM, and 0.84 for CE-MRI (all P-values ≤.001). Regarding the microscopic reports, RSM or CE-MRI had sensitivities of 100% and a positive predictive value of 63.6% for multicentric cancers. One breast cancer with partial mastectomy recurred after 3 years of follow-up.
CESM was feasible for assessing the cancer extension and multicentric cancers as secondary examination in patients with diagnosed breast cancers after sonographic biopsy.
Primary anorectal malignant melanoma
Authors: Xu Xingdong , Ge Ting , Wang Gang 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Introduction:
Anorectal malignant melanoma (AMM) is a rare and aggressive malignance with poor prognosis, yet no consensus of treatment exists to date. Abdominoperineal resection surgery (APR) is the standard treatment of anorectal malignant melanoma, capable of controlling lymphatic spread and obtaining a large negative margin for local control but it can lead to complications. Wide local excision (WLE) allows for quicker recovery and has minimal impact on bowel function (i.e., bypassing the need for a stoma).

Patient concerns:
A 66-year-old male patient presented with a 2-months history of painless rectal bleeding.

Diagnosis:
The characteristic finding from colonoscopy and magnetic resonance imaging led to a diagnosis of colorectal cancer. Immunohistochemistry analyses confirmed malignant melanoma. The tumor was classified as: HMB-45(+), S-100(+), CD117(±), PCK(−), ki-67(+, 10%).

Interventions:
The patient underwent abdominoperineal resection with no other adjuvant therapy.

Outcomes:
The patient is doing well at 24 month after the operation, with no signs of recurrence.

Conclusion:
AMM is a rare malignance, and is easy to misdiagnose. The therapy approach remains controversial. Every effort should be made to ensure prompt diagnosis and to define the optimally effective standard therapy approach.
Nonsystemic vasculitic neuropathy in a patient with IgG-monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance
Authors: Kinno Ryuta , Osakabe Yuyuko , Takahashi Seiya , Kurokawa Shinji , Owan Yoshiyuki , Ono Kenjiro , Baba Yasuhiko 
Published: January 2020

AbstractRationale:Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) is a plasma cell proliferative disorder that consistently precedes multiple myeloma. Peripheral neuropathy in patients with IgG-MGUS tends to vary in clinical phenotype. We report a rare case of a patient with IgG-MGUS who had nonsystemic vasculitic neuropathy (NSVN).Patient concerns:A 56-year-old Japanese woman presented with progressive sensory ataxia with episodic paresthesia. Her clinical and laboratory values were compatible with IgG-MGUS. A nerve conduction study suggested possible chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. However, intravenous immunoglobulin therapy was not effective. A sural nerve biopsy specimen revealed mildly reduced myelinated fiber density and myelin ovoid formation, with epineural arterioles infiltrated by inflammatory cells.Diagnoses:We accordingly diagnosed her condition as NSVN.Interventions:She was accordingly started on oral prednisolone (40 mg/d) at 3 months after the onset of her neurological symptoms.Outcomes:At 1 year after the oral prednisolone treatment was begun, the patient's neurological symptoms showed no worsening.Lessons:These findings indicate NSVN as a possible cause of peripheral neuropathy in patients with IgG-MGUS. Cumulatively, our findings highlight the need for a nerve biopsy for peripheral neuropathy in patients with IgG-MGUS as a possible cause of NSVN. The early diagnosis of NSVN is expected to be beneficial for such patients.
Variations by Education Status in Relationships Between Alcohol/Pregnancy Policies and Birth Outcomes and Prenatal Care Utilization: A Legal Epidemiology Study
Authors: Roberts Sarah C. M. , Mericle Amy A. , Subbaraman Meenakshi S. , Thomas Sue , Kerr William , Berglas Nancy F. 
Published: January 2020

Context:
Previous research finds that some state policies regarding alcohol use during pregnancy (alcohol/pregnancy policies) increase low birth weight (LBW) and preterm birth (PTB), decrease prenatal care utilization, and have inconclusive relationships with alcohol use during pregnancy.

Objective:
This research examines whether effects of 8 alcohol/pregnancy policies vary by education status, hypothesizing that health benefits of policies will be concentrated among women with more education and health harms will be concentrated among women with less education.

Methods:
This study uses 1972-2015 Vital Statistics data, 1985-2016 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data, policy data from National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism's Alcohol Policy Information System and original legal research, and state-level control variables. Analyses include multivariable logistic regressions with education-policy interaction terms as main predictors.

Results:
The impact of alcohol/pregnancy policies varied by education status for PTB and LBW for all policies, for prenatal care use for some policies, and generally did not vary for alcohol use for any policy. Hypotheses were not supported. Five policies had adverse effects on PTB and LBW for high school graduates. Six policies had adverse effects on PTB and LBW for women with more than high school education. In contrast, 2 policies had beneficial effects on PTB and/or LBW for women with less than high school education. For prenatal care, patterns were generally similar, with adverse effects concentrated among women with more education and beneficial effects among women with less education. Although associations between policies and alcohol use during pregnancy varied by education, there was no clear pattern.

Conclusions:
Effects of alcohol/pregnancy policies on birth outcomes and prenatal care use vary by education status, with women with more education typically experiencing health harms and women with less education either not experiencing the harms or experiencing health benefits. New policy approaches that reduce harms related to alcohol use during pregnancy are needed. Public health professionals should take the lead on identifying and developing policy approaches that reduce harms related to alcohol use during pregnancy.
A Multilevel Workforce Study on Drivers of Turnover and Training Needs in State Health Departments: Do Leadership and Staff Agree?
Authors: Leider Jonathon P. , Coronado Fátima , Bogaert Kyle , Sellers Katie 
Published: January 2020

Objectives:
To characterize agreement between senior governmental public health staff and their subordinates concerning drivers for staff turnover, and skill importance and ability.

Design:
Data were combined from 2 national surveys conducted in 2017; one was a nationally representative, individual-level survey of public health workers, and one was an individual-level survey of their leadership.

Setting:
State health agencies.

Participants:
Respondents who held scientific, nonsupervisory positions at state health agency central offices (n = 3606) were matched with leadership (n = 193) who provided programmatic area oversight.

Main Outcome Measures:
Drivers of turnover and training needs are the primary outcomes examined in this article.

Results:
Leaders and their staff agreed on the main 2 drivers of turnover (low salary and lack of opportunities for advancement), but discordance was observed for other major drivers of turnover. Substantial discordance was observed between leaders and their staff in terms of perceived staff proficiency with selected skills.

Conclusions:
This multilevel assessment of workplace perceptions offers evidence around training needs and drivers of turnover in state health agencies. Although staff and leaders agree on some major drivers of turnover, other potential reasons for leaving cited by staff, and the difference in perceptions of skills, can help target job satisfaction, training, and retention efforts in state health agencies.
Trends Over Time and Jurisdiction Variability in Supplemental Security Income and State Supplementary Payment Programs for Children With Disabilities
Authors: Robinson Lara R. , McCord Russell F. , Cloud Lindsay K. , Kaminski Jennifer W. , Cook Amy , Amoroso Jessica , Watts Maya Hazarika , Kotzky Kim , Barry Caroline M. , Johnson Rebecca , Kelleher Kelly J. 
Published: January 2020

Context:
Nearly 1.2 million children with disabilities received federally administered Supplemental Security Income (SSI) payments in 2017. Based on a robust review of research and evaluation evidence and microsimulations, The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine committee identified modifications to SSI (ie, increasing the federal SSI benefit maximum by one-third or two-thirds) as 1 of 10 strategies that could reduce the US child poverty rate, improving child health and well-being on a population level.

Objective:
Describing the availability and amount of SSI and State Supplementary Payment (SSP) program benefits to support families of children with disabilities may be a first step toward evaluating The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine–proposed modification to SSI as a potential poverty alleviation and health improvement tool for children with disabilities and their families.

Design:
We used public health law research methods to characterize the laws (statutes and state agency regulations) governing the federal SSI program and SSP programs in the 50 states and District of Columbia from January 1, 1996, through November 1, 2018.

Results:
The number of jurisdictions offering supplementary payments (SSP) was relatively stable between 1996 and 2018. In 2018, 23 US jurisdictions legally mandated that SSP programs were available for children. Among the states with SSP payment amounts in their codified laws, SSP monthly benefit amounts ranged from $8 to $64.35 in 1996 and $3.13 to $60.43 in 2018.

Conclusion:
Our initial exploration of SSI-related policies as a tool for improving the economic stability of children with disabilities and their families suggests that current SSPs, in combination with SSI, would not rise to the level of SSI increases proposed by The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Understanding more about how SSI and SSP reach children and work in combination with other federal and state income security programs may help identify policies and strategies that better support children with disabilities in low-income households.