bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Representation of features as images with neighborhood dependencies for compatibility with convolutional neural networks
Authors: Bazgir Omid , Zhang Ruibo , Dhruba Saugato Rahman , Rahman Raziur , Ghosh Souparno , Pal Ranadip 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDeep learning with Convolutional Neural Networks has shown great promise in image-based classification and enhancement but is often unsuitable for predictive modeling using features without spatial correlations. We present a feature representation approach termed REFINED (REpresentation of Features as Images with NEighborhood Dependencies) to arrange high-dimensional vectors in a compact image form conducible for CNN-based deep learning. We consider the similarities between features to generate a concise feature map in the form of a two-dimensional image by minimizing the pairwise distance values following a Bayesian Metric Multidimensional Scaling Approach. We hypothesize that this approach enables embedded feature extraction and, integrated with CNN-based deep learning, can boost the predictive accuracy. We illustrate the superior predictive capabilities of the proposed framework as compared to state-of-the-art methodologies in drug sensitivity prediction scenarios using synthetic datasets, drug chemical descriptors as predictors from NCI60, and both transcriptomic information and drug descriptors as predictors from GDSC.
Reconfigurable radiofrequency filters based on versatile soliton microcombs
Authors: Hu Jianqi , He Jijun , Liu Junqiu , Raja Arslan S. , Karpov Maxim , Lukashchuk Anton , Kippenberg Tobias J. , Brès Camille-Sophie 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe rapidly maturing integrated Kerr microcombs show significant potential for microwave photonics. Yet, state-of-the-art microcomb-based radiofrequency filters have required programmable pulse shapers, which inevitably increase the system cost, footprint, and complexity. Here, by leveraging the smooth spectral envelope of single solitons, we demonstrate microcomb-based radiofrequency filters free from any additional pulse shaping. More importantly, we achieve all-optical reconfiguration of the radiofrequency filters by exploiting the intrinsically rich soliton configurations. Specifically, we harness the perfect soliton crystals to multiply the comb spacing thereby dividing the filter passband frequencies. Also, the versatile spectral interference patterns of two solitons enable wide reconfigurability of filter passband frequencies, according to their relative azimuthal angles within the round-trip. The proposed schemes demand neither an interferometric setup nor another pulse shaper for filter reconfiguration, providing a simplified synthesis of widely reconfigurable microcomb-based radiofrequency filters.
Conservation recommendations for Oryza rufipogon Griff. in China based on genetic diversity analysis
Authors: Wang Junrui , Shi Jinxia , Liu Sha , Sun Xiping , Huang Juan , Qiao Weihua , Cheng Yunlian , Zhang Lifang , Zheng Xiaoming , Yang Qingwen 
Published: September 2020

AbstractOver the past 30 years, human disturbance and habitat fragmentation have severely endangered the survival of common wild rice (Oryza rufipogon Griff.) in China. A better understanding of the genetic structure of O. rufipogon populations will therefore be useful for the development of conservation strategies. We examined the diversity and genetic structure of natural O. rufipogon populations at the national, provincial, and local levels using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Twenty representative populations from sites across China showed high levels of genetic variability, and approximately 44% of the total genetic variation was among populations. At the local level, we studied fourteen populations in Guangxi Province and four populations in Jiangxi Province. Populations from similar ecosystems showed less genetic differentiation, and local environmental conditions rather than geographic distance appeared to have influenced gene flow during population genetic evolution. We identified a triangular area, including northern Hainan, southern Guangdong, and southwestern Guangxi, as the genetic diversity center of O. rufipogon in China, and we proposed that this area should be given priority during the development of ex situ and in situ conservation strategies. Populations from less common ecosystem types should also be given priority for in situ conservation.
Aquatic suspended particulate matter as source of eDNA for fish metabarcoding
Authors: Díaz Cecilia , Wege Franziska-Frederike , Tang Cuong Q. , Crampton-Platt Alexandra , Rüdel Heinz , Eilebrecht Elke , Koschorreck Jan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe use of environmental DNA (eDNA) for monitoring aquatic macrofauna allows the non-invasive species determination and measurement of their DNA abundance and typically involves the analysis of eDNA captured from water samples. In this proof-of-concept study, we focused on the novel use of eDNA extracted from archived suspended particulate matter (SPM) for identifying fish species using metabarcoding, which benefits from the prospect of retrospective monitoring and also analysis of fish communities through time. We used archived SPM samples of the German Environmental Specimen Bank (ESB), which were collected using sedimentation traps from different riverine points in Germany. Environmental DNA was extracted from nine SPM samples differing in location, organic content, and porosity (among other factors) using four different methods for the isolation of high-quality DNA. Application of the PowerSoil DNA Isolation Kit with an overnight incubation in lysis buffer, resulted in DNA extraction with the highest purity and eDNA metabarcoding of these eDNA fragments was used to detect a total of 29 fish taxa among the analyzed samples. Here we demonstrated for the first time that SPM is a promising source of eDNA for metabarcoding analysis, which could provide valuable retrospective information (when using archived SPM) for fish monitoring, complementing the currently used approaches.
Is the risk of second primary malignancy increased in multiple myeloma in the novel therapy era? A population-based, retrospective cohort study in Taiwan
Authors: Liu Yanfang , Hou Hsin-An , Qiu Hong , Tang Chao-Hsiun 
Published: September 2020

AbstractLonger survival in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) after treatment with novel agents (NA) such as thalidomide, bortezomib, and lenalidomide may be associated with increased risks of developing second primary malignancies (SPM). Few data describe the risk of SPM in patients with MM in Asia. This population-based retrospective cohort study assessed the risk of SPM in MM using the Taiwan National Cancer Registry and National Health Insurance Research databases from 2000 to 2014. Among 4,327 patients with newly diagnosed MM initiated with either novel agents alone (NA), chemotherapy combined with novel agents (CCNA), or chemotherapy alone (CA), the cumulative incidence of SPM overall was 1.33% at year 3. The SPM incidence per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval [CI]) was 0.914 (0.745–1.123) overall, 0.762 (0.609–1.766) for solid tumours, and 0.149 (0.090–0.247) for haematological malignancies. We compared risks of SPM using a cause-specific Cox regression model considering death as a competing risk for developing SPM. After controlling for age, gender, Charlson Co-morbidity Index, and time-period, the risk of developing any SPM or any haematological malignancy was significantly reduced in patients initiated on NA (2010–2014 period) compared to chemotherapy alone (adjusted hazard ratio 0.24, 95% CI 0.07–0.85, and 0.10, 95% CI 0.02–0.62, respectively). Contemporary treatment regiments using NA (mainly bortezomib) were associated with a lower risk for a SPM in comparison with CA.
Percutaneous intervertebral bridging cementoplasty for adjacent multilevel osteoporotic thoracolumbar fractures with vertebral endplate-disc complex injury: technical note
Authors: Wang Song , Duan Chunyan , Yang Han , Kang Jianping , Wang Qing 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis paper describes a minimally invasive technique of percutaneous intervertebral bridging cementoplasty (PIBC) to augment the fractured vertebrae and immobilize the intervertebral space with endplate-disc complex injury simultaneously. Thirty-two patients with adjacent multilevel osteoporotic thoracolumbar fractures (AMOTLFs) and vertebral endplate-disc complex injury (EDCI) treated by PIBC were retrospectively reviewed. The PIBC technique was a combination of puncture, balloon expansion and bridging cementoplasty. The clinical and radiological assessments were reviewed. The operation time was 82.8 ± 32.5 min, and blood loss was 76.9 ± 31.7 mL. A cement bridge was connected between the two fractured vertebrae across the injured intervertebral space. VAS at three time points including pre-operation, post-operation 1 day and final follow-up was 6.9 ± 0.9, 2.9 ± 0.8 and 1.7 ± 0.8, respectively; ODI at three time points was (71.1 ± 7.8)%, (18.4 ± 5.7)%, and (10.3 ± 5.7)%, respectively; Cobb angle at three time points was 46.0° ± 10.4°, 25.9° ± 8.5°, and 27.5° ± 7.1°, respectively. Compared with pre-operation, VAS, ODI and Cobb angle were significantly improved at post-operation 1 day and final follow-up (P < 0.05). Clinical asymptomatic cement leakage was observed in thirteen patients. No vessel or neurological injury was observed. PIBC may be an alternative way of treatment for AMOTLFs with EDCI. The technique is a minimally invasive surgery to augment the fractured vertebrae and immobilize the injured intervertebral space simultaneously.
Quantifying drug tissue biodistribution by integrating high content screening with deep-learning analysis
Authors: Li Zhuyin , Xiao Youping , Peng Jia , Locke Darren , Holmes Derek , Li Lei , Hamilton Shannon , Cook Erica , Myer Larnie , Vanderwall Dana , Cloutier Normand , Siddiqui Akbar M. , Whitehead Paul , Bishop Richard , Zhao Lei , Cvijic Mary Ellen 
Published: September 2020

AbstractQuantitatively determining in vivo achievable drug concentrations in targeted organs of animal models and subsequent target engagement confirmation is a challenge to drug discovery and translation due to lack of bioassay technologies that can discriminate drug binding with different mechanisms. We have developed a multiplexed and high-throughput method to quantify drug distribution in tissues by integrating high content screening (HCS) with U-Net based deep learning (DL) image analysis models. This technology combination allowed direct visualization and quantification of biologics drug binding in targeted tissues with cellular resolution, thus enabling biologists to objectively determine drug binding kinetics.
Mendelian randomization analyses of genetically predicted circulating levels of cytokines with risk of breast cancer
Authors: Li Shen , Xu Yan , Zhang Yao , Nie Lili , Ma Zhihua , Ma Ling , Fang Xiaoyu , Ma Xiangyu 
Published: September 2020

AbstractTo determine whether genetically predicted circulating levels of cytokines are associated with risk of overall breast cancer (BC), estrogen receptor (ER)-positive and ER-negative BC, we conducted two-sample MR analyses using data from the most comprehensive genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on cytokines in 8293 Finnish participants and the largest BC GWAS from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC) with totally 122,977 BC cases and 105,974 healthy controls. We systematically screened 41 cytokines (of which 24 cytokines have available instruments) and identified that genetically predicted circulating levels (1-SD increase) of MCP1 (OR: 1.08; 95% CIs: 1.03–1.12; P value: 3.55 × 10−4), MIP1b (OR: 1.02; 95% CIs: 1.01–1.04; P value: 2.70 × 10−3) and IL13 (OR: 1.06; 95% CIs: 1.03–1.10; P value: 3.33 × 10−4) were significantly associated with increased risk of overall BC, as well as ER-positive BC. In addition, higher levels of MIP1b and IL13 were also significantly associated with increased risk of ER-negative BC. These findings suggest the crucial role of cytokines in BC carcinogenesis and potential of targeting specific inflammatory cytokines for BC prevention.
Se deficiency induces renal pathological changes by regulating selenoprotein expression, disrupting redox balance, and activating inflammation
Authors: Li Shuang , Zhao Qingyu , Zhang Kai , Sun Wenjuan , Jia Xueting , Yang Yuanyuan , Yin Jingdong , Tang Chaohua , Zhang Junmin 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Selenium (Se) is closely associated with kidney disease, and renal injury often occurs together with hyposelenemia. This study was designed to reveal the mechanism underlying renal injury induced by Se deficiency in pigs. Twenty-four castrated male Yorkshire pigs were divided into two groups fed either a Se-deficient diet (0.007 mg Se per kg) or a Se-adequate diet (0.3 mg Se per kg). Serum and kidney samples were collected at the 16th week of the trial, processed, and analyzed for serum biochemistry, Se concentration, kidney index markers, histology, selenoprotein mRNA expression, redox status, and inflammatory cytokines. Dietary Se deficiency induced kidney injury, decreased (P &gt; 0.05) Se concentrations, and increased (P &gt; 0.05) kidney index and serum blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and carbon dioxide values. Histological analysis indicated that Se deficiency induced inflammatory lesions and renal tubular atrophy in the renal medulla. Se deficiency downregulated (P &gt; 0.05) nine selenoprotein genes (GPX1, SELENOW, SELENOH, SELENOP, GPX3, TXNRD2, SELENOI, SELENON, and SELENOM) and upregulated (P &gt; 0.05) SEPHS2 in the kidneys. Se deficiency decreased (P &gt; 0.05) the activity of glutathione peroxidase, thioredoxin reductase, and catalase, as well as the hydroxyl radical inhibition capacity, and increased (P &gt; 0.05) the content of malondialdehyde and nitric oxide. Se deficiency increased (P &gt; 0.05) the expression of the transcription factors NF-κB and HIF-1α, and regulated inflammatory cytokines. Se deficiency increased (P &gt; 0.05) the expression of IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, IL-17, and cyclooxygenase-2, and decreased (P &gt; 0.05) the expression of IL-10, IL-13, and TGF-β. These results indicated that Se deficiency induces kidney injury through the regulation of selenoproteins, oxidative stress, and inflammation.
Relationship Between Single Word Reading, Connected Text Reading, and Reading Comprehension in Persons With Aphasia
Authors: Smith Kimberly G. , Ryan Anna E. 
Published: September 2020

Purpose
This study examined the relationship between single word reading, connected text reading, and comprehension in persons with aphasia.

Method
Thirteen persons with aphasia read orally from the Arizona Battery for Reading and Spelling real-word and nonword lists and the Gray Oral Reading Tests–Fifth Edition. The comprehension questions following each paragraph of the Gray Oral Reading Tests–Fifth Edition were answered and scored. The Reading Comprehension Battery for Aphasia–Second Edition provided a measure of silent reading comprehension. Descriptive statistics and Spearman correlation were used to examine associations among reading measures.

Results
Persons with aphasia showed associations between single word reading and connected text reading accuracy; however, single word reading ability was not associated with oral or silent reading comprehension.

Conclusions
Although preliminary, the findings provide support for word-level reading abilities underlying connected text reading accuracy but suggest additional cognitive mechanisms are involved in text-level reading comprehension that are not explained by single word reading alone. The findings indicate clinicians should use caution when inferring comprehension abilities from single word reading performance as reading comprehension abilities are likely best assessed using text-level comprehension assessments.
Variability of Electrolaryngeal Speech Intelligibility in Multitalker Babble
Authors: Cox Steven R. , McNicholl Kimberly , Shadle Christine H. , Chen Wei-rong 
Published: September 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to report the variability of electrolarynx (EL) users' speech intelligibility in quiet and in multitalker babble.

Method
Ten EL users (five Servox® Digital, five TruTone™) who were at least 2 years postlaryngectomy provided recordings of five sentences from the 1965 Revised List of Phonetically Balanced Sentences. Recordings were judged by two groups of naïve listeners in quiet and in the presence of multitalker babble. Fifteen listeners orthographically transcribed a total of 750 sentences containing 3,750 key words in quiet, and another 15 listeners orthographically transcribed the same sentences mixed with multitalker babble.

Results

Significant differences in speech intelligibility were observed between listening conditions; 17.9% more key words were correctly identified in quiet compared to multitalker babble. Significant differences in fundamental frequency (F
0
) standard deviation and range but not speech intelligibility were observed between EL device types. A positive correlation of moderate significance was observed between F
0
standard deviation and intelligibility for TruTone users in multitalker babble.

Conclusions

Findings suggest that listeners are able to identify a significantly higher percentage of EL users' speech in quiet compared to multitalker babble, but a large variability in EL users' speech intelligibility exists. Continued investigation involving a larger number of EL users is necessary to confirm this study's findings. Future research should explore the relationships among F
0
measures, speaker characteristics (e.g., rate of speech, articulatory precision), and speech intelligibility, in addition to improving alaryngeal rehabilitation training protocols for EL users.
Covid-19: Überlegungen zu Voraussetzungen von phytotherapeutischen Empfehlungen
Authors: Stange Rainer , Uehleke Bernhard 
Published: September 2020

ZusammenfassungIn der Beratung von Patienten stellen sich sowohl wegen der Möglichkeit einer zweiten Welle sowie der Langzeitprophylaxe insbesondere für Risikopersonen für naturheilkundlich praktizierende Ärzte weiterhin zwei Fragen: Gibt es Möglichkeiten einer primären Prävention im Sinne einer Abhärtung, durch pflanzliche Immunstimulantien, Adaptogene etc.? Und kann man leichtere Infektionen durch Atemwegstherapeutika günstig beeinflussen?Dieser Artikel soll vorläufige Empfehlungen zur Phytotherapie geben. Wir sind uns sehr wohl der Problematik bewusst, dass sich diese zunächst sowohl in der präklinischen wie in der klinischen Evaluation nur an Analogiemodellen orientieren können. Verschiedene Aspekte zu präklinischen Ergebnissen waren bereits in Heft 2 / 2020 dieser Zeitschrift vorgestellt worden 1. Wir schließen mit einem Ausblick auf die Möglichkeiten und Schwierigkeiten prospektiver klinischer Forschung mit Phytopharmaka.
Stay at Work – Machbarkeit und Akzeptanz einer
berufsbegleitenden Form der medizinischen Rehabilitation
Authors: Kohl Matthias , Kulisch Kristina , Lorenz Sabrina , Streibelt Marco 
Published: September 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Rückenschmerzen gehen mit erheblichen
Beeinträchtigungen der Teilhabe einher, denen die medizinische
Rehabilitation entgegenwirken soll. Es ist evident, dass das in Deutschland
übliche Setting nicht für alle Zielgruppen effektiv ist. Neben
einer Intensivierung für Risikogruppen könnte eine
niedrigschwellige Form für Personen mit moderaten
Beeinträchtigungen sinnvoll sein. Die Machbarkeit einer
berufsbegleitenden Rehabilitation (BbR) wurde in einer Studie untersucht. Die
BbR wurde als geschlossenes Gruppenprogramm mit einer Therapiedauer von 48
Stunden konzipiert (2 Termine pro Woche über 12 Wochen). Neben der
Umsetzbarkeit standen die Analyse unterschiedlicher Zugangswege und die
erreichten Ergebnisse im Fokus.
Methodik In 3 ambulanten Reha-Zentren waren 12 Gruppen mit 6 bis 12
Teilnehmenden geplant. Neben dem Antragsverfahren wurden Versicherte
über das Netzwerk der Reha-Einrichtungen sowie den Firmenservice der
Deutschen Rentenversicherung rekrutiert. Zielgruppe waren arbeitsfähige,
erwerbstätige Versicherte, die wegen Rückenschmerzen eine
medizinische Rehabilitation benötigen. Die Evaluation war
multiperspektivisch und multimethodisch angelegt. Neben einer Befragung der
Teilnehmenden zu Beginn, während und nach der BbR wurden
Gruppendiskussionen mit Vertreter/innen der Reha-Einrichtungen, der
Reha-Träger sowie Arbeitgebern durchgeführt.
Ergebnisse Es wurden 7 Gruppen mit insgesamt 56 Teilnehmenden in 2
Einrichtungen realisiert. Der typische BbR-Teilnehmende war weiblich,
verheiratet, ohne Kinder, 48 Jahre alt und in Vollzeit bei mittelgroßen
Unternehmen ohne Schichtdienst tätig. Ein Großteil hatte im Jahr
vorher keine bzw. geringfügige Fehlzeiten. 59% der Teilnehmenden
wurden über die Reha-Einrichtungen rekrutiert; nur Einzelfälle
über das Antragsverfahren. 2 Drittel hätten ohne das Angebot der
BbR keine Rehabilitation beantragt. Insgesamt waren die Teilnehmenden sehr
zufrieden mit der BbR. Allerdings wurde die Vereinbarkeit mit Arbeit und Alltag
als Herausforderung wahrgenommen. Prä-Post-Vergleiche bei
BbR-Teilnehmenden zeigten mittlere bis starke Unterschiede in der Bewertung der
allgemeinen Gesundheit, der Schmerzen, der Funktionsfähigkeit und der
Arbeitsfähigkeit.
Schlussfolgerung Die BbR hat angedeutet, welches Potenzial sie
für Menschen mit moderaten Beeinträchtigungen hat. Vor einer
Dissemination sollten die erkannten Herausforderungen bearbeitet werden. Dies
betrifft insbesondere die Rekrutierung und die Vereinbarkeit der Rehabilitation
mit Beruf und Alltag.
Zum Einfluss einer Ehrlichkeitserklärung auf die
Authentizität von Beschwerdedarstellungen
Authors: Kobelt-Pönicke Axel , Walter Franziska , Lid Naina , Ramien Nadia 
Published: September 2020

Zusammenfassung
Theoretischer Hintergrund Unehrliches Antwortverhalten von
Rentenantragstellern während der Begutachtung wird von impliziten
Motiven moderiert. Menschen handeln dann eher unehrlich, wenn sie dafür
ihr positives Selbstbild nicht aufgeben müssen.
Fragestellung Führt eine Ehrlichkeitserklärung zu Beginn
einer sozialmedizinischen Begutachtung zu einer Verringerung unehrlichen
Antwortverhaltens?
Methode 248 Rentenantragsteller wurden auf zwei Begutachtungsarme
(Ehrlichkeitserklärung) vor oder nach Testbearbeitung von 2
Beschwerdevalidierungstests (SFSS, BEVA)) randomisiert.
Ergebnisse Die Ehrlichkeitserklärung wirkte sich auf den SFSS,
nicht jedoch auf den BEVA aus. Der Effekt war von der Schulbildung
abhängig.
Schlussfolgerung Bei der Beurteilung von Antwortverzerrungen in
Begutachtungen müssen latente moralische und soziale Motive in der
Anamnese berücksichtigt werden. Höher Gebildete bevorzugen
andere moralische Standards oder gehen situationsabhängig individueller
mit moralisch herausfordernden Situationen um.