bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improved measures for the prevention of mass mastitis in cows in the Vologda region farms
Authors: Semina L K , Avduevskya N N , Skulyabina Z A , Baldiceva G A , Gorbatov A V 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The fight against mastitis was and remains one of the most serious problems in the dairy farming. The disease is widespread throughout Russia among cows of different breeds. According to our data, more than a half of the number of cows, up to 68.5% in a herd, go through mastitis during a year in the farms examined by us; 55.0% of them go through it from two to seven times. The coccal microflora has the decisive importance according to the frequency of isolation rate from the secretion of the udder of cows with mastitis -87.5% of the total number of isolated cultures with farm fluctuations from 40.0% to 100.0%. The test results of the vaccine “Streptostaphus” in three farms of the region made it possible to determine the most effective vaccination scheme for animals and to develop a “Method of specific prophylaxis of mastitis in cows.” The employees of the branch proposed a pattern of use of the complex drug “Amber-splenivitis” on pregnant animals with the aim of preventing mastitis in cows in the dry and postpartum periods. The use of antimicrobial drugs of prolonged action during the cows drying off period is advisable to take into account the sensitivity of microflora to them, released from the secretion of the udder of lactating cows of a single farm (complex). The prevention of massive mastitis in cows should include the implementation of measures aimed at increasing both the general resistance and specific reactivity of the cows organism.
Efficacy of the coadministration of coccidiocide and prebiotic to broiler chickens infected with Eimeria tenella oocysts
Authors: Kachanova E O , Pavlova E V 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Coccidiostatics are used in poultry farms to prevent and treat eimeriosis, and antibiotics are used to reduce pathogenic microflora, which negatively affects the gut microbiome of birds. In some poultry farms, probiotics are used to correct the gut microbiome of birds with eimeriosis. The use of prebiotics for this purpose has been little studied, although they can also serve as an alternative to antibiotic therapy. The work is devoted to studying the effect of combined and separate administration of chemical coccidiocide and lactulose-containing prebiotic to broilers on the intensity of eimeriosis invasion caused by Eimeria tenella, as well as on the number of mesophilic aerobic and facultative anaerobic microorganisms, including bacteria of the genus Bifidobacterium, Lactobacterium, Clostridium and Escherichia in cecum of 28-day-old broilers. The results showed that on average, for the entire period of the experiment, the lowest intensity of eimeriosis invasion was in the groups where coccidiocide and prebiotic were used: 17.50 ± 5.91 and 17.32 ± 5.67 thousand oocysts/g respectively. In the group where their combined purpose was, the intensity was 27.41 ± 8.13, which was slightly lower than in the infected control - 29.21 ± 8.70 thousand oocysts/g. The introduction of a prebiotic into the broiler diet allowed increasing the number of native bacteria of the genera Bifidobacterium and Lactobacterium, which reduced the number of opportunistic microorganisms such as Escherichia and Clostridium.
The influence of environmental factors on the indicators of biological systems of dairy cows in anthropogenic zone conditions
Authors: Kalyuzhny I I , Nikulin I A , Gertman A M , Samsonova T S , Naumova O V 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The negative environmental situation in such a region of the Russian Federation as the Chelyabinsk region is due to the prolonged and intense impact of man on nature. The Magnitogorsk Iron and Steel Works (MMK) and other large industrial enterprises operate in the region. MMK is one of the leading global steel producers. This is one of the largest Russian enterprises in the metallurgical industry. The article presents the results of the analysis of the chemical composition of objects related to the natural environment of the region. A significant level of toxic effects on biological objects was noted. These objects are lactating cows. Pathomorphological, radiological, and clinical-hematologic features inherent in osteodystrophy are characterized. Based on these factors, a characteristic of the necessary therapeutic effect is presented. The results of the study of the clinical condition, blood serum and blood of twenty-four cows, water, feed, soil are presented. The study was conducted in the Nagaybak district of the region, in the Znamensky agricultural enterprise. The results of the analysis of the composition of chemical elements, such as Cd, Fe, Pb, Ni, presented in the bone tissue of animals suffering from the disease, and in other objects of research are characterized. The dynamics of the hematological and clinical state of the cows in the initial state and after the therapeutic effect was carried out was analyzed. According to the results of the study, it was found that the main toxic substances that pollute the area are Cd, Fe, Pb, Ni salts. Revealed changes in the blood composition of cows. In cows, dystrophy of bone tissue is observed, all metabolic processes are disturbed. According to the results of oral administration of vitartil, which is a mineral enterosorbent, and therapy with a drug, which contain calcium, positive changes in blood parameters have been established. Significantly increased milk productivity, the clinical condition of animals has become more favorable.
Dynamic model of crops’ normalized difference vegetation index in central federal district environment
Authors: Bukhovets A G , Semin E A , Kucherenko M V , Yablonovskaya S I 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The article describes a mathematical model which represents dynamics of the normalized difference vegetation index for winter wheat plantings in central black soil areas. As opposed to the approaches considered during our theoretical study, which, as a rule, are based on averaged data related to respectively vast territories (districts, regions, agricultural enterprises), this article describes a model which relates to rather small areas, namely to particular fields measuring 30-200 ha. The multiplicative model under consideration takes into account two opposite tendencies in the development of winter wheat: the process of phytomass increase and the process of plastic substances production. Parameters of the suggested model were estimated for winter wheat plantings in central black soil area on the fields with different levels of productivity for 2017 in accordance with normalized difference vegetation index data. We estimated the parameters by least square method. We performed model functional tests on the basis of the data received during remote sounding of the soil at more than one hundred of fields in Central Federal District. The test results are very promising. The suggested model allows for estimation of ripening period and the time of harvesting. The model can be applied for approximation of normalized difference vegetation index missing values, as well as for estimation of time required to attain maximum index value and, consequently, for forecasting of harvesting terms.
Toxin-forming properties of Siberian isolates of the genus Fusarium fungi
Authors: Kozulina N S , Vasilenko A V , Vasilenko A A , Shmeleva Zh N 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The results of laboratory studies on the toxin-forming genus Fusarium fungi are presented in the article. Fungal toxins are metabolites of various chemical nature, usually non-protein, often secondary, having more or less specific pathological effects on the human body, higher animals, plants and microorganisms. The toxins of the genus Fusarium fungi affecting cereal plants are well known. However, the ability to toxin formation varies among different populations of species in this genus. The high degree of cereal infection rate in Siberia with soil phytopathogens can be the reason for their low yield, as well as pose the danger when using cereals affected by toxin-forming fungi in the food industry and in the animal feed preparation. Therefore, the study of toxins produced by Siberian strains of the genus Fusarium fungi is a necessary step for certification of the seed fund in Siberia. The analysis of the obtained materials shows that the most toxic are the metabolites of Fusarium strains 2, 3, 4, 5, T13m, Z2-04, T2ec, J1kc, B-7.1(b), B-1.2, B-3.2(C), B-6.1, B-4.2, since less than 25% of barley seeds germinated when they were processed with these metabolites. The metabolites of j7ec, B-7.1(K) strains are not toxic to barley seeds.
Comparative analysis of the exterior of culled cows of different breeds in the Baikal Region
Authors: Adushinov D S , Zheltikov A I , Kuznetsov A I , Adushinov A D , Frolenko A O 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This article provides an analysis of the exterior of cows by physique indices. The purpose of this work is a comparative study of the exterior of cows of black-and-white, Simmental breeds and their crossbreeds. When comparing the physique indices, it was found that the culled cows of Simmental breed and crossbreeds after fattening had the highest indices: elongation, plumpness, chest, pelvic and massiveness. The results show that cross-breed cows (black-and-speckled x Simmental) are the largest among the breeds. The smallest cows of these represented breeds are black-and-speckled.
Effects of applying safe methods for protecting fruit plantations from pests
Authors: Apazhev A K , Berbekov V N , Shekikhachev Y A , Hazhmetov L M , Bystraya G V , Shekikhacheva L Z 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The broad definition of biological suppression of pests, i.e. the use of various organisms or products of their vital activity to cause damage to a harmful insect, includes many new unique and promising methods. Understanding the need for further study of the biology and ecology of harmful insects and their current potential natural enemies resulted in a number of new methods. They, in turn, led to the emergence of terms such as regulated pest control, bioecological control, an integrated control method, ecologized and ecological plant protection, and pest control systems. The components and methods of biological control used and studied now include parasitoids, predators, various pathogenic agents, and in addition, pheromones, attractants and hormones. Based on traditional objects used in the biomethod, genetically modified organisms are created that can independently resist phytophages. Ecologically safe methods of protecting plants from pests and diseases are everywhere included in agricultural practice, and systems of organic farming are being actively introduced. Thus, studies on the use of safe methods for plant protection from pests in relation to specific climatic and geographical conditions are relevant. In this regard, the current paper presents the results of a study of the effectiveness of Shin-Yetsu dispensers in relation to the conditions of cultivation of fruit trees in the North Caucasus region.
Domestic animals and modern Zoological systematics
Authors: Lebedev I G , Pimenov N V , Lomskov M A , Konovalov A M , Ivannikova R F 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In this article, the authors discuss the problem of the lack of a code or other similar document that would regulate the taxonomy of domestic animals. Unfortunately, now modern zoological systematics does not consider domestic animals as objects of its research. Thus, in modern zoological science there is a serious problem of systematics of animals cultivated by man. The current taxonomic system is incomplete because it does not take into account the huge number of domestic animals. Currently, the application of zoological systematics to domestic animals would acquire an important role as a kind of zoological and DNA-genealogical marker, indicating the distinctive properties of the object under study. In our opinion, for application in domestic animals taxonomy, the experience and methods of modern botanical taxonomy could be used as a basis, recognizing a number of taxonomic categories as a rank below a subspecies (for example, variety, grex, cultivar, cultivar group (or group), cultigen etc.).
Ecological value of spring wheat varieties in the Irkutsk region
Authors: Abramov A G , Abramova I N , Klimenko N N 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The climatic conditions of the Irkutsk region belong to the risky agriculture zone. This is due to the environmental differences in soil characteristics, temperature conditions, the amount and distribution of precipitation in the regions of the region. Therefore, Therefore, spring wheat varieties should be available to agrarian producers. These varieties are able to produce high yields with good grain quality due to their biological characteristics. In this regard, spring wheat is being selected in order to create varieties with economically valuable characteristics. At Irkutsk State Agrarian University named after A. A. Yezhevsky the breeding work is conducting to obtain biotypes of the Angara 86 variety and use them in breeding practice. The selected biotypes are included in hybridization with the participation of varieties of Western Siberia and the Krasnoyarsk region. As a result of breeding work, a valuable source material was obtained, which is tested in breeding nurseries.
Influence of precipitation variability and temperature conditions on the yield of grain crops in Northern Kazakhstan
Authors: Kusainova A A , Mezentseva O V , Tusupbekov Z A 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The article considers the influence of climate variability (precipitation and air temperature) on the yield of grain crops in Northern Kazakhstan. The paper uses data from some weather stations in the Northern regions of Kazakhstan, located in the main grain-growing zone. Because of the research, the dependence of grain yield on temperature and humidity for specific years of the last decades has been revealed. With an increase in precipitation, there is an increase in productivity in the North Kazakhstan and Kostanay regions, and the decrease in precipitation has a greater impact on the decrease in productivity in the Akmola and Pavlodar regions. Using the regression equation, the dependence of grain yield on the variability of air temperature and precipitation in the Akmola region (for the Esil weather station), a retrospective analysis was performed with the restoration of yield values for 1969-2019. The results of comparing the restored and the true (actual) yield showed a good correlation-0.84, which confirmed the reliability of the values. There are quite close relationships between the decrease in yield at high summer temperatures with reduced humidity, and the increase in yield at low summer temperatures, which is typical for the steppe and forest-steppe regions of Northern Kazakhstan. The yield of grain crops in the Akmola region, in the area of the Esil weather station, was affected by 72% by moisture, and 28% by other factors.
Production typicality of cows depending on their linear affiliation
Authors: Alekseeva E A 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The dependence of production typicality of cows on their linear in JSC “Tubinsk” of Krasnoyarsk region was studied. The coefficient of production typicity of first-lactation cows averaged 3.71. Descendants of Reflection Sovereign 198998 line and the Pabst Governor line referred to the high-milk type. The milk productivity of the daughters of the Reflection Sovereign 198998 line bulls is 3 % higher than the average. The largest mass fraction of fat in milk of the cows of the Pabst Governor line was 4.35 %. The indicators of cows of other lines were from 4.14 % to 4.20 %. The average mass fraction of protein in milk was 3.16 %, the cows of the Roseif Citation 267150 line had the indicator of 3.23 %, of the Pabst Governor line – of 3.21 %. The daughters of the Sure-View Auburn 133893605 bull of the Reflection Sovereign 198998 line marked the highest milk productivity of 7318 kg, the daughters of the Topaz 1239 bull of the Pabst Governor 882933 line marked the lowest milk productivity of 4783 kg. The mass fraction of fat in milk is the highest by the daughters of the Venets 3216 bull of the Pabst Governor line (4.40 %). The lowest fat content had the daughters of the Vympel 2234 bull of the Vice Back Ideal 1013415 line (3.85 %) and the Repey 9927 bull of the Roseif Citation 267150 line (3.99 %). The Rhythm 417329 bull of the Roseif Citation 267150 line has the highest protein mass of 3.31 %. The protein milk content of other bulls-producers varied from 3.25 % to 3.10 %. The profitability of production will be up to 65.3 % when converted to basic fat content (3.4 %).
Tick-born diseases epidemiological monitoring system in the Russian Federation
Authors: Belimenko V V , Gulyukin A M 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The article presents an overview of information flows within the epizootological monitoring of tick-borne diseases in animals. Epizootological monitoring is the system of data collection on the spread of pathogens and animal disease outbreaks, following statistical processing and analysis of the effectiveness of veterinary control as well as for the evaluation and forecast of the epizootic status of particular territories. It is necessary to concentrate information flows and track operative data exchange in real-time management and to coordinate actions between various Departments for effective risk-based tick-borne disease epizootological monitoring to decrease or eliminate negative consequences of illness breakouts with an account of up-to-date evaluation methods, risk management, and audition. An important aspect is the creation of specialized epizootological databases together with integration with geoinformation systems.
Plastics as vehicles of chemical compounds to marine organisms
Authors: Dovzhenko N V , Mazur A A , Kukla S P , Slobodskova V V , Kolosova L F , Istomina A A , Chelomin V P 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Plastics in the marine environment are shown to be a source of toxic chemicals. To understand potential risk, we evaluated the toxicity of dirty and virgin plastic fragments on marine mussels Mytilus trossulus Gould, 1850. We simulated transfers of chemical compounds to marine water by air agitation. According to experiments, an exposure to plastic fragments induces oxidative stress and variations in the microelement composition in tissues of the mussels. A decrease in the activity of the antiradical link in mollusk tissues and a pronounced genotoxic effect of plastic are also reported.
Paramecium caudatum abundance dynamics on various nutrient substrates consisting of Bacillus subtilis strains and their influence on morphophysiological indicators
Authors: Nikiforov-Nikishin A L , Nikiforov-Nikishin D L , Kochetkov N I , Tatarenko P Yu 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
According to the results of the study, data on the dynamics of the number of ciliates on various substrates were obtained. The maximum abundance, after 14 days of cultivation, was detected on a substrate from Bacillus subtilis of a natural strain (88 pcs / ml), on a substrate of Bacillus subtilis 2335 the abundance was slightly lower (81 pcs / ml), the minimum abundance was recorded on a substrate of Sacharamices ellipsodes (68 pcs / ml) A difference in morphophysiological characteristics was revealed, using the example of the qualitative and quantitative composition of digestive vacuoles. Indirect evidence of the participation of glycocalyx mechanisms in the choice of food by infusoria is given.
Nutrition regime in agrochernozems under cultivating field crops in arid conditions
Authors: Vlasenko O A 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The authors found that in arid conditions in the cultivation of soybeans (soya), potato, spring wheat and corn without using fertilizers the content of mineral forms of nitrogen and phosphorus was low and very low. At that time, in fallow fields the ammonium nitrogen content was higher by an average of 6.8-9.2 mg/kg and reached a high level, nitrate nitrogen – by 2.6-5.3 mg/kg and reached an average level of security. The content of mobile phosphorus in all fields was very low and low (56.3-112.5 mg/kg). The content of exchangeable potassium was very high and high, and during periods of severe desiccation it increased by 2.3-1.6 times.
Features of the distribution of the magnetic field in the vicinity of the erythrocyte membrane
Authors: Kopyltsov A V 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The article considers the problem of generating magnetic fields in a living organism. The movement of red blood cells along narrow capillaries is considered. In such capillaries, red blood cells change their shape, stretch and roll along the capillary. Charges located on the surface of the red blood cell generate a magnetic field. Calculations of the magnetic field strength showed that at small distances from the red blood cell (∼ 1 μm), the differences in the distribution of intensity are significant. At large distances from the red blood cell (∼ 100 μm), these differences in strength are smoothed out. At large distances from the red blood cell, the distribution of the magnetic field strength is similar to the distribution of the magnetic field of the dipole.
Garden strawberry: the effect of micronutrients foliage spraying on winter hardiness in the Krasnoyarsk forest-steppe
Authors: Mistratova N A , Savinich E A , Samarokova A V 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The work highlights the results of studies on the application of foliar treatments with micronutrient solutions N-1.6% + 8 minor-nutrient elements (Fe-0.4%, Cu-0.12%, B-0.028%, Mn-0.36%, Zn-0, 09%, Mg-0.05%, Mo-0.08%, Co-0.016%); Cu 1% + 7 trace elements (Mn-0.018%, Fe-0.02%, Mo-0.004%, Co-0.00018%, B-0.0014%, Zn-0.0045%, Mg-0.0025 %); Fe 2% + 7 minor-nutrient elements (Mn-0.018%, Cu-0.006%, Co-0.0008%, B-0.0014%, Mo-0.004%, Zn-0.0045%, Mg-0.0025%) in plantings of strawberry varieties Elista, Pervoklassnitsa, Zephyr, Solnechnaya Polyanka. Agrochemical parameters of the soil before planting bushes of garden strawberries showed its high fertility by a set of indicators. At the same time, there was a deficiency of minor-nutrient elements: low content - Cd, Cu, Zn, Co, Cr. The availability of manganese and lead is average. The foliage spraying of plants with micronutrient solutions did not provide a statistically significant confirmation of the effect on the winter hardiness of plants; these indicators depend solely on the varietal characteristics of the sample.
Bacterial strains for biological control of Fusarium root rot of soybean in Siberia
Authors: Rodovikov S A , Churakov A A , Popova N M , Abduraimov P O , Khizhnyak S V 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Two strains of bacteria isolated from agricultural soil in Yenisey Siberia were tested for their ability to suppress Fusarium root rot of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) in vitro. The strain RSA-1 statistically significantly (p<0.001) reduced the disease incidence by 25 percentage points in case of naturally infected soybean seeds and by 29 percentage points in case of artificially infected seeds. The strain RSA-13 statistically significantly (p<0.001) reduced the disease incidence by 32 percentage points in case of naturally infected soybean seeds but did not affect the disease incidence in case of artificially infected seeds. Both strains statistically significantly stimulated growth of infected plants. RSA-1 is Gram-positive, motile, aerobic, rod-shaped spore forming bacterium belonging to the Bacillaceae family. RSA-13 is Gram-positive, aerobic, filamentous actinobacterium belonging to the Actinomycetaceae family. Both strains can be recommended for biological control of Fusarium root rot of soybean in Siberia.