bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dark matter, dark radiation and gravitational waves from mirror Higgs parity
Authors: Dunsky David , Hall Lawrence J. , Harigaya Keisuke 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAn exact parity replicates the Standard Model giving a Mirror Standard Model, SM ↔ SM′. This “Higgs Parity” and the mirror electroweak symmetry are spontaneously broken by the mirror Higgs, 〈H′〉 = v′ ≫ 〈H〉, yielding the Standard Model Higgs as a Pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone Boson of an approximate SU (4) symmetry, with a quartic coupling λSM(v′) ∼ 10−3. Mirror electromagnetism is unbroken and dark matter is composed of e′ and $$ {\overline{e}}^{\prime } $$

e
¯

′

. Direct detection may be possible via the kinetic mixing portal, and in unified theories this rate is correlated with the proton decay rate. With a high reheat temperature after inflation, the et dark matter abundance is determined by freeze-out followed by dilution from decays of mirror neutrinos, ν′→ ℓH . Remarkably, this requires v′∼ (108–1010) GeV, predicting a Higgs mass of 123 ± 3 GeV at 1σ and a Standard Model neutrino mass of (10−2–10−1) eV, consistent with observed neutrino masses. The mirror QCD sector exhibits a first order phase transition producing gravitational waves that may be detected by future observations. Mirror glueballs decay to mirror photons giving dark radiation with ∆Neff∼ 0.03–0.4. With a low reheat temperature after inflation, the e′ dark matter abundance is determined by freeze-in from the SM sector by either the Higgs or kinetic mixing portal.
Integration-by-parts reductions of Feynman integrals using Singular and GPI-Space
Authors: Bendle Dominik , Böhm Janko , Decker Wolfram , Georgoudis Alessandro , Pfreundt Franz-Josef , Rahn Mirko , Wasser Pascal , Zhang Yang 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
We introduce an algebro-geometrically motived integration-by-parts (IBP) re- duction method for multi-loop and multi-scale Feynman integrals, using a framework for massively parallel computations in computer algebra. This framework combines the com- puter algebra system Singular with the workflow management system GPI-Space, which are being developed at the TU Kaiserslautern and the Fraunhofer Institute for Industrial Mathematics (ITWM), respectively. In our approach, the IBP relations are first trimmed by modern tools from computational algebraic geometry and then solved by sparse linear algebra and our new interpolation method. Modelled in terms of Petri nets, these steps are efficiently automatized and automatically parallelized by GPI-Space. We demonstrate the potential of our method at the nontrivial example of reducing two-loop five-point non- planar double-pentagon integrals. We also use GPI-Space to convert the basis of IBP reductions, and discuss the possible simplification of master-integral coefficients in a uni- formly transcendental basis.
Late-time-accelerated expansion arisen from gauge fields in an anisotropic background and a fruitful trick for Noether’s approach
Authors: Tajahmad Behzad 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
In this paper, a modified teleparallel gravity action containing a coupling be- tween a scalar field potential and magnetism, in anisotropic and homogeneous backgrounds, is investigated through Noether symmetry approach. The focus of this work is to describe late-time-accelerated expansion.Since finding analytical solutions carrying all conserved currents emerged by Noether symmetry approach, is very difficult, hence regularly in the literature, the authors split the total symmetry into sub-symmetries and then select, usually, some of them to be carried by the solutions. This manner limits the forms of unknown functions obtained. However, in ref. [67], B.N.S. approach was proposed in order to solve such problems but its main motivation was carrying more conserved currents by solutions. In this paper, by eliminating the aforementioned limitation as much as possible, a trick leading to some graceful forms of unknown functions is suggested. Through this fruitful approach, the solutions may carry more conserved currents than usual ways and maybe new forms of symmetries. I named this new approach to be CSSS-trick (Combination of Sub-symmetries through Special Selections). With this approach, it is demonstrated that the unified dark matter potential is deduced by the gauge fields.Utilizing the B-function method, a detailed data analysis of results obtained yielding perfect agreements with recent observational data are performed.And finally, the Wheeler-De Witt (WDW) equation is discussed to demonstrate recov- ering the Hartle criterion due to the oscillating feature of the wave function of the universe.
Probing the C P nature of the top quark Yukawa at hadron colliders
Authors: Faroughy Darius A. , Kamenik Jernej F. , Košnik Nejc , Smolkovič Aleks 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
We analyze the prospects of probing the C P -odd $$ i\tilde{\kappa}\overline{t}\gamma $$
i

κ
˜

t
¯

γ
5th interaction at the LHC and its projected upgrades, the high-luminosity and high-energy LHC, directly using associated on-shell Higgs boson and top quark or top quark pair production. To this end we first construct a C P -odd observable based on top quark polarization in Wb → th scattering with optimal linear sensitivity to $$ \tilde{\kappa} $$

κ
˜

. For the corresponding hadronic process pp → thj we present a method of extracting the phase-space dependent weight function that allows to retain close to optimal sensitivity to $$ \tilde{\kappa} $$

κ
˜

. We project future sensitivity to the signal in pp → t(→ ℓ𝜈b)h(→ b$$ \overline{b} $$

b
¯

)j. We also propose novel C P -odd observables for top quark pair production in association with the Higgs, pp → t$$ \overline{t} $$

t
¯

h, with semileptonically decaying tops and h → b$$ \overline{b} $$

b
¯

, that rely solely on measuring the momenta of leptons and b-jets from the decaying tops without having to distinguish the charge of the b-jets. Among the many possibilities we single out an observable that can potentially probe $$ \tilde{\kappa} $$

κ
˜

∼ 0.1 at the high-energy LHC with 2𝜎 confidence.
Source terms for electroweak baryogenesis in the vev-insertion approximation beyond leading order
Authors: Postma Marieke , van de Vis Jorinde 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
In electroweak baryogenesis the baryon asymmetry of the universe is created during the electroweak phase transition. The quantum transport equations governing the dynamics of the plasma particles can be derived in the vev-insertion approximation, which treats the vev-dependent part of the particle masses as a perturbation. We calculate the next-to-leading order (NLO) contribution to the CP-violating source term and CP-conserving relaxation rate, corresponding to Feynman diagrams for the self-energies with four mass insertions. We consider both a pair of Weyl fermions and a pair of complex scalars, that scatter off the bubble wall. We find: (i) The NLO correction becomes large for $$ \mathcal{O} $$
O
(1) couplings. If only the Standard Model (SM) Higgs obtains a vev during the phase transition, this implies the vev-insertion approximation breaks down for top quarks. (ii) The resonant enhancement of the source term and relaxation rate, that exists at leading order in the limit of degenerate thermal masses for the fermions/scalars, persists at NLO.
Experimental analysis of the forming behavior of ash wood veneer with nonwoven backings
Authors: Zerbst David , Affronti Emanuela , Gereke Thomas , Buchelt Beate , Clauß Sebastian , Merklein Marion , Cherif Chokri 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn the present study, the forming behavior of veneer with nonwoven backings was analyzed. The paper contributes to the lack of data on numerical predictions of the formability of veneers for the manufacturing of automotive trim parts. Tensile and shear tests were carried out at normal climate conditions and after water immersion to obtain material parameters for a transverse isotropic material description. The Tsai Wu failure criterion was applied to the estimation of strength under different stress combinations. Analysis of the directional deep drawing capacity of the veneer laminate was done by the Nakajima test. Stress states from biaxial to uniaxial were induced into the material depending on the geometry of the sample. Strains were evaluated locally until material failure using the digital image correlation method. Major strain was defined in the direction perpendicular to the grain. Increasing major strain was found from biaxial to uniaxial stress states. Highest strain limits were found for wet veneers tested with heated forming tools. Cracks occurred in the early wood zone for all geometries and propagated in the direction parallel to the grain. Generally, the Nakajima test is suitable for the evaluation of the formability of veneer laminate sheets. The presented data and, in general, the suggested experimental program can be used for the development and validation of veneer laminate material models for forming simulations.
Anterior cruciate ligament—return to sport after injury scale: validation of the Norwegian language version
Authors: Faleide Anne Gro Heyn , Inderhaug Eivind , Vervaat Willemijn , Breivik Kyrre , Bogen Bård Erik , Mo Ingunn Fleten , Trøan Ingrid , Strand Torbjørn , Magnussen Liv Heide 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPurposeEvidence is emerging on the importance of psychological readiness to return to sport after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. The ACL-Return to Sport after Injury scale (ACL-RSI) is developed to assess this. The aim of the current study was to translate ACL-RSI into Norwegian and examine the measurement properties of the Norwegian version (ACL-RSI-No).MethodsACL-RSI was translated according to international guidelines. A cohort of 197 ACL-reconstructed patients completed ACL-RSI-No and related questionnaires nine months post-surgery. One hundred and forty-six patients completed hop tests and 142 patients completed strength tests. Face and structural validity (confirmative factor analysis and explorative analyses), internal consistency [Cronbach’s alpha (α)], test–retest reliability [Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC)], measurement error [Standard error of measurement (SEM) and smallest detectable change at individual (SDCind) and group level (SDCgroup)] and construct validity (hypotheses testing; independentttests, Pearson’sr) were examined.ResultsACL-RSI-No had good face validity. Factor analyses suggested that the use of a sum score is reasonable. Internal consistency and test–retest reliability were good (α 0.95, ICC 0.94 (95% CI 0.84–0.97) and measurement error low (SEM 5.7). SDCindwas 15.8 points and SDCgroupwas 2.0. Six of seven hypotheses were confirmed.ConclusionsACL-RSI-No displayed good measurement properties. Factor analyses suggested one underlying explanatory factor for “psychological readiness”—supporting the use of a single sum score. ACL-RSI-No can be used in the evaluation of psychological readiness to return to sport after ACL injury.Level of evidenceIII.
A risk evaluation method for deformation monitoring systems
Authors: Zaminpardaz S. , Teunissen P. J. G. , Tiberius C. C. J. M. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn this contribution, we propose a method for statistically evaluating the risk in a deformation monitoring system. When the structure under monitoring moves beyond tolerance, the monitor system should issue an alert. Only a very small probability is acceptable of the system telling us that no change beyond a critical threshold has taken place, while in reality it has. This probability is referred to asintegrity risk. We provide a formulation of integrity risk where the interaction between estimation and testing is taken into account, implying the use of conditional probabilities. In doing so, we assumed different scenarios with the alerts being dependent on both the identified hypothesis and the threat that the estimated size of deformations entails. It is hereby highlighted that a correct risk evaluation requires estimation and testing being considered together, as they are typically intimately linked. In practice, one may, however, find it simpler computation-wise to neglect the estimation–testing link. For this case, we provide an approximation of the integrity risk. This approximation may provide a too optimistic or pessimistic description of the integrity risk depending on the testing procedure and tolerances of the structure at hand. Monitoring systems, besides issuing timely alerts, are also required to provide threat estimates together with their corresponding probabilistic properties. As the testing outcome determines how the threat gets estimated, the threat estimator will then inherit the statistical properties of both estimation and testing. We derive the threat estimator$$\bar{b}_{j}$$b¯jand its probability density function, taking the contributions from combined estimation and testing into account. It is highlighted that although the threat estimator under the identified hypothesis$${\mathcal {H}}_{j}$$Hj, i.e.,$$\hat{b}_{j}$$b^j, is normally distributed, the estimator$$\bar{b}_{j}$$b¯jis not. It is explained that working with$$\hat{b}_{j}$$b^jinstead of$$\bar{b}_{j}$$b¯j, thus ignoring the estimation–testing link, may provide a too optimistic description of the threat estimator’s quality. The presented method is illustrated by means of two simple deformation examples.
Current and future requirements to industrial analytical infrastructure—part 1: process analytical laboratories
Authors: Eisen Kristina , Eifert Tobias , Herwig Christoph , Maiwald Michael 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe competitiveness of the chemical and pharmaceutical industry is based on ensuring the required product quality while making optimum use of plants, raw materials, and energy. In this context, effective process control using reliable chemical process analytics secures global competitiveness. The setup of those control strategies often originate in process development but need to be transferable along the whole product life cycle. In this series of two contributions, we want to present a combined view on the future of PAT (process analytical technology), which is projected in smart labs (part 1) and smart sensors (part 2). In laboratories and pilot plants, offline chemical analytical methods are frequently used, where inline methods are also used in production. Here, a transferability from process development to the process in operation would be desirable. This can be obtained by establishing PAT methods for production already during process development or scale-up. However, the current PAT (Bakeev 2005, Org Process Res 19:3–62; Simon et al. 2015, Org Process Res Dev 19:3–62) must become more flexible and smarter. This can be achieved by introducing digitalization-based knowledge management, so that knowledge from product development enables and accelerates the integration of PAT. Conversely, knowledge from the production process will also contribute to product and process development. This contribution describes the future role of the laboratory and develops requirements therefrom. In part 2, we examine the future functionality as well as the ingredients of a smart sensor aiming to eventually fuel full PAT functionality—also within process development or scale-up facilities (Eifert et al. 2020, Anal Bioanal Chem).
Revisiting the estimation of cutting power with different energetic methods while sawing soft and hard woods on the circular sawing machine: a Central European case
Authors: Orlowski Kazimierz A. , Ochrymiuk Tomasz , Hlaskova Ludka , Chuchala Daniel , Kopecky Zdenek 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn the classical approaches, used in Central Europe in practice, cutting forces and cutting power in sawing processes of timber are commonly computed by means of the specific cutting resistancekc. It needs to be highlighted that accessible sources in handbooks and the scientific literature do not provide any data about wood provenance, nor about cutting conditions, in which cutting resistance has been empirically determined. In the analyses of sawing processes, the use of a model with elements of fracture mechanics involved is an alternative way. In this work, predictions of the newly developed model (FRAC_MOD) for the circular sawing machine are presented. Thanks to this modern approach, it was possible to reveal the usefulness of the FRAC_MOD, using experimental results data on fracture toughness and shear yield stresses of both Polish pine (Pinus sylvestrisL.) and Czech beech wood (Fagus sylvaticaL.). The achieved results were compared to the forecasted values obtained with classical models (CLAS_PL and CLAS_CZ), which are commonly applied in Central European sawmills. The carried out analyses allowed us to discover undesired effects in the form of underestimation of cutting power when applying the CLAS_PL and CLAS_CZ models. For that reason, the FRAC_MOD cutting model could be suggested for the prediction of energetic effects in cases of dynamical analyses and even unsteady cases.
The splenium of the corpus callosum: embryology, anatomy, function and imaging with pathophysiological hypothesis
Authors: Blaauw J. , Meiners L. C. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background and purpose
The splenium of the corpus callosum is the most posterior part of the corpus callosum. Its embryological development, anatomy, vascularization, function, imaging of pathology, possible pathophysiological mechanisms by which pathology may develop and the clinical consequences are discussed.

Methods
A literature-based description is provided on development, anatomy and function. MR and CT images are used to demonstrate pathology. The majority of pathology, known to affect the splenium, and the clinical effects are described in three subsections: (A) limited to the splenium, with elaboration on pathophysiology of reversible splenial lesions, (B) pathology in the cerebral white matter extending into or deriving from the splenium, with special emphasis on tumors, and (C) splenial involvement in generalized conditions affecting the entire brain, with a hypothesis for pathophysiological mechanisms for the different diseases.

Results
The development of the splenium is preceded by the formation of the hippocampal commissure. It is bordered by the falx and the tentorium and is perfused by the anterior and posterior circulation. It contains different caliber axonal fibers and the most compact area of callosal glial cells. These findings may explain the affinity of specific forms of pathology for this region. The fibers interconnect the temporal and occipital regions of both hemispheres reciprocally and are important in language, visuospatial information transfer and behavior. Acquired pathology may lead to changes in consciousness.

Conclusion
The development, location, fiber composition and vascularization of the splenium make it vulnerable to specific pathological processes. It appears to play an important role in consciousness.
Imaging of cerebral complications of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in infants with congenital heart disease — ultrasound with multimodality correlation
Authors: Svrckova Patricia , Meshaka Riwa , Holtrup Melanie , Aramburo Angela , Mankad Kshitij , Kazmi Farhat , Owens Catherine M. , Gala-Peralta Sandra , Semple Thomas 
Published: February 2020

AbstractCranial ultrasound on neonatal intensive care units is generally performed by intensive care physicians, but radiologists often provide this crucial bedside test to children on specialist paediatric cardiac intensive care units. On a paediatric cardiac intensive care unit, complex congenital cardiac conditions are commonly encountered in both pre- and postoperative scenarios, often with the use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), which both increases the risks of a number of neurologic complications and results in significant changes in vascular physiology. The aim of this pictorial essay is to discuss cranial ultrasound technique, demonstrate the changes in Doppler flow profiles resulting from veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and congenital cardiac conditions, and illustrate commonly encountered intracranial complications of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support in congenital cardiac care.
Noninvasive evaluation of renal oxygenation in children with chronic kidney disease using blood-oxygen-level-dependent magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Luo Fenglan , Liao Yi , Cui Kunhua , Tao Yuhong 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Renal hypoxia is considered a final pathway in the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Blood-oxygen-level-dependent magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD-MRI) has shown merit for evaluating renal oxygenation in adults.

Objective
To investigate renal cortical and medullary R2* values by CKD stage and by renal function index in children with chronic kidney disease.

Materials and methods
Twenty-one children with CKD Stage 1–3, 16 children with CKD Stage 4–5, and 6 healthy volunteers underwent a renal MRI using multigradient recalled-echo sequence with 16 echoes. We measured the R2* values of the renal cortex and medulla on BOLD-MRI.

Results
The cortical R2* value was ranked as CKD Stage 4–5 > CKD Stage 1–3 > healthy controls, and the medullary R2* value was ranked as CKD Stage 4–5 > CKD Stage 1–3. There was no significant difference in the medullary R2* value between CKD Stage 1–3 patients and the healthy controls. There was a positive correlation between the R2* values in the renal cortex (r=0.73) and medulla (r=0.89), and the serum creatinine level (P<0.001), and the renal cortical and medullary R2* values were negatively correlated with the estimated glomerular filtration rate (r=–0.71 and r=–0.89, respectively; P<0.001).

Conclusion
BOLD-MRI might contribute to noninvasive assessment of renal oxygenation in children with CKD in vivo but it did not reflect renal function in our sample.