bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PEMBUATAN PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR DENGAN CARA AEROB
Authors: Tanti Nidya , Nurjannah Nurjannah , Kalla Ruslan 
Published: August 2020

Pupuk organik cair adalah larutan dari hasil pembusukan bahan organik yang berasal dari sisa tanaman, limbah agroindustri, kotoran hewan, dan kotoran manusia yang memiliki kandungan lebih dari satu unsur hara. Tujuan dari penelitian yaitu bagaimana pengaruh komposisi dari campuran limbah organik (air ikan, air kelapa, kulit pisang) terhadap pembuatan pupuk cair yang sesuai SNI. Metode yang digunakan adalah experimen, dimana limbah ikan dan kulit pisang dipreparasi dengan cara ditimbang, ditambahkan air kemudian dihancurkan. Perbandingan sampel dengan air yaitu 1 : 5. Selanjutnya divariasikan penambahan limbah ikan, kulit pisang, dan air kelapa dicampurkan dengan komposisi yang sama dan ditambahkan activator (EM-4) dengan volume 100 ml, lalu didiamkan selama 2 minggu dengan cara aerob dan setiap hari dilakukan pengukuran pH dan temperatur. Setelah itu dilakukan pengujian C, N, P, dan K. Hasil dari penelitian yaitu Nilai kandungan C-Organik pada sampel A yaitu 5.04, pada sampel B yaitu 2.31, pada sampel C yaitu 2.31, pada sampel D yaitu 2.32 dan pada sampel E yaitu 2.40, dan nilai kandungan nitrogen pada sampel A yaitu 3.00, pada sampel B yaitu 2.422, pada sampel C yaitu 2.27, pada sampel D yaitu dan pada sampel E 2.66, serta nilai kandungan phosor pada sampel A yaitu 4.54 ,pada sampel B yaitu 2.49, pada sampel C yaitu 2.63, pada sampel D yaitu 2.39 dan pada sampel E yaitu 2.80. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa perlakuan pada B, C, D dan E belum memenuhi standar, sedangkan perlakuan A dengan komposisi limbah ikan, kulit pisang, air kelapa dan EM-4 merupakan hasil terbaik karena diperoleh C-Organik yaitu 5,04 ; Nitrogen 2,95 ; Phospor 4,54 dan Kalium yaitu 5,04 ini sudah memenuhi standar Pertanian Nomor 70 Permenten SR.140/10/2011.
PERANCANGAN DAN SIMULASI SISTEM PENGONTROLAN JARAK AMAN PENGENDARA MOBIL MENGGUNAKAN SENSOR ULTRASONIK BERBASIS ARDUINO UNO
Authors: Abbas Hammada , Suradi Suradi , Ismail Ismail , Sarida Sarida 
Published: August 2020

Mobil adalah sebagai fasilitas pendukung kehidupan manusia yang tidak bisa dipisahkan dari aspek-aspek aktifitas kehidupan manusia. Sistem deteksi jarak aman pada mobil mempunyai peranan yang sangat penting dalam kehidupan manusia terutama saat mengendarai kendaraan karna pengemudi sering kali mengalami kesulitan saat memperkirakan posisi kendarannya. Tujuan dari perancangan alat yaitu untuk merancang sistem kontrol pada kendaraan mobil menggunakan sensor ultrasonik berbasis arduino uno kemudian tujuan selanjutnya yaitu untuk mensimulasi sistem kontrol menggunakan sensor ultrasonik berbasis arduino uno. Metode perancangan alat yaitu sensor ultrasonik berbasis arduniono uno. Alat ini dikendalikan oleh arduino uno yang hasilnya akan ditampilkan pada beberapa output yaitu LCD 16x2 yang akan menampilkan karakter On/Off, LED sebagai indikator (merah dan hijau) dan sebuah Buzzer yang akan berbunyi putus-putus seiring dengan kedipan LED ketika mendeteksi suatu objek. Dari perancangan alat pendeteksi jarak aman ini adalah sensor ultrasonik yang digunakan dapat mendeteksi objek didepan dan belakang mobil dengan jarak deteksi maksimal 30 cm. Hasil dari penelitian adalah yang dapat digunakan untuk mengurangi angka kecelakaan pada kendaraan khususnya mobil dan untuk mengukur kemampuan sensor ultrasonik dalam mendeteksi suatu objek dengan jarak pendeteksian mulai dari jarak 30-20 cm LED akan berkedip satu kali disertai dengan bunyi buzzer satu kali secara perlahan dan dijarak 20-10 cm kedipan LED dan bunyi buzzer akan berubah dua kali dan yang terakhir adalah dijarak 10-1 cm LED akan berkedip tiga kali secara cepat serta bunyi buzzer tiga kali secara juga sampai dengan jarak yang dideteksi kembali aman. Kesimpulan dari penelitian adalah simulasi sistem kontrol jarak aman pada mobil.
PEMBUATAN ADSORBEN DARI SABUT KELAPA SEBAGAI PENYERAP LOGAM BERAT Pb(II)
Authors: Kardiman Kardiman , La Ifa La Ifa , Rasyid Rismawati 
Published: August 2020

Kegiatan industri maupun laboratorium pengujian semakin meningkat sehingga memungkinkan banyak industri yang menghasilkan limbah, salah satu logam berat berbahaya dan dominan yang sering ditemukan dari limbah laboratorium pengujian adalah logam Pb(II). Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari waktu kontak dan pH optimum yang dibutuhkan sabut kelapa dalam mengadsorbsi Pb(II) dan untuk mendapatkan daya serap yang optimum; Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode adsorpsi dari sampel limbah yang mengadung Pb(II) dengan menggunakan adsorben dari sabut kelapa. Pembuatan adsorben sabut kelapa diawali dengan pembuatan karbon aktif pada suhu 150°C dan aktivasi menggunakan NaOH 30 % selama 24 jam. Proses penyerapan logam Pb(II) menggunakan adsorben sabut kelapa diamati melalui waktu kontak 1 jam, 2 jam, 3 jam pada pH 3, 7, 11, yang kemudian di analisis menggunakan AAS. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian kondisi optimum adsorben sabut kelapa dapat menyerap 39,69 % logam Pb(II) yang terkandung dalam air limbah dengan waktu kontak optimum selama 3 jam pada pH 3.
Mulheres de preto: trajetórias na arbitragem do futebol profissional
Authors: Monteiro Igor Chagas , Novais Mariana Cristina Borges , Soares João Paulo Fernandes , Mourão Ludmila 
Published: August 2020

O presente estudo diz sobre o baixo número de árbitras que atuam no futebol brasileiro e as barreiras que estas enfrentam para se manterem apitando nos motivam a analisar as trajetórias de árbitras no futebol brasileiro, a fim de desvendar possíveis questões de gênero implicadas nesse campo. Utilizamos a história oral temática como metodologia e a entrevista com dez árbitras como instrumento de coleta dos dados. Os resultados apontam que elas tiveram diferentes vivências esportivas e iniciaram a carreira contando com o apoio da família e de outras mulheres referência. Atuando em competições nacionais e internacionais, as árbitras que iniciaram na arbitragem nas décadas de 1980 e 1990 foram pioneiras, rompendo barreiras e deixando como legado o campo de atuação mais acessível às suas sucessoras.
The Small-Sized Premium: Is It Really Relevant? Evidence from the European Equity Market
Authors: Camodeca Renato Salvatore , Prinoth Christian , Sagliaschi Umberto 
Published: August 2020

The valuation of a company reflects the expected return or equivalently, the cost of capital that investors demand in exchange for the risk assumed. Despite the ex-ante nature of the problem, the majority of empirical analysis has focused on factors explaining expected returns from an ex-post perspective. In this paper, we take a different approach and try to identify which factors are ex-ante included in discount rates, with particular attention to the so-called size premium. Starting from observed market capitalisations and company fundamentals, we obtain the implied cost of capital from the reverse engineering of a carefully designed fundamental valuation model. Panel data regressions are used to investigate the existence of a relation between the implied cost of capital and the firm’s size, including other control variables representative of the most cited asset pricing “anomalies”. Our sample comprises European non-financial stocks listed on primary markets, with half-yearly observations starting from the aftermath of the 2008 global financial crisis. Contrary to common wisdom, we find that the firm’s size has no tangible impact to explain the implied cost of capital.
Dispositif, médium, média. Pour une analyse scalaire du « cinéma éclaté » avec Pierre Schaeffer
Authors: Soulez Guillaume 
Published: August 2020

Nous distinguons médium de média pour comprendre comment un média (organisation sociale de diffusion culturelle) peut agir sur un médium (composante matérielle, technique et formelle), mais il importe également de comprendre le rôle du « dispositif » au sein de cette perspective. Pour ce faire, cet article propose le réexamen de la réflexion mal connue de Pierre Schaeffer sur cette notion. Elle permet de faire le lien entre média et médium à la fois d’un point de vue opérationnel (« logique de l’emploi ») et du point de vue de l’usage par des spectateurs. Après avoir montré la force de l’usage au sein du « cinéma éclaté » contemporain, nous prenons deux cas d’étude emblématiques d’instabilité médiale (médium) et médiatique (média) pour montrer : 1. qu’un dispositif peut être envisagé comme articulation entre logiques d’usages différentes ; et 2. que la triade « dispositif, médium et média », telle que nous pouvons la redéfinir, permet d’envisager une analyse scalaire des relations intermédiales pour distinguer les simples ajustements des conflits d’échelle à l’oeuvre aujourd’hui.
Vers un cinéma neuronal. Lunettes, verres de contact, implants
Authors: Asselin Olivier 
Published: August 2020

L’immersion a toujours été un programme central, tant dans la recherche et le développement des images techniques que dans la consommation. Comme l’indiquent certains développements technologiques et biotechnologiques récents (les masques, les lunettes et les interfaces faciales, les verres de contact et les interfaces cornéennes, les implants oculaires et les interfaces cristallines ou rétiniennes, les implants cérébraux et les interfaces neuronales), l’horizon de ce programme pourrait bien être la disparition de l’écran et l’incorporation de l’interface – ce que nous pourrions appeler une sorte de cinéma neuronal. Il pourrait nous obliger à mettre en question les notions mêmes de média, de médiation et d’image. Mais il convient en retour d’interroger l’utopie biotechnologique qui le sous-tend.
Barriers to Covid-19 RT-PCR Testing in Indonesia: A Health Policy Perspective
Authors: Sucahya Purwa Kurnia 
Published: August 2020

Abstract. Indonesia has been facing a hard time accelerating the number of laboratory capacity. This study provides an overview of the data on daily tests, confirmed cases, and the challenge of Covid-19 control associated with government policy. This study utilizes data reported from 2 March to 29 April 2020 by online official sources and regulations. Initially, the government only trusted one lab for the Covid-19 test. As the number of cases increased, referral labs were increased, until 29 April 2020, there were 89 officially appointed laboratories. The daily number of testing results fluctuated and unstable, although the number of reference labs increases. This reflects implementation challenges from different factors: readiness and capacity between labs; availability of swab collection officers; availability of reagents in the lab; rules for lab officers and swab collection officers; and transportation for a specimen from health facility to the referral lab. This study recommends to ensure the lab readiness in terms of human resources, tools, and reagents when appointed; ensure the adequacy and quality of qualified laboratory staff & swab collectors; ensure adequate reagents for RT-PCR, and rearrangement of shift rules for lab & swab collection officers, and improve handling procedures and transport specimen delivery mechanisms. Abstrak. Indonesia kesulitan melakukan percepatan jumlah kapasitas laboratorium (Lab). Tujuan studi mereview hasil testing harian, kasus terkonfirmasi, dan tantangan imlementasi penanganan Covid-19 dikaitkan dengan kebijakan pemerintah. Analisis studi memanfaatkan data sekunder, periode 2 Maret sampai 29 April 2020, yang dilaporkan berbagai website resmi dan kajian regulasi. Awalnya pemerintah hanya percaya satu lab untuk testing Covid-19. Seiring bertambahnya kasus, jumlah lab rujukan ditambah, sampai tanggal 29 April 2020 sudah 89 lab yang ditunjuk resmi. Hasil testing harian memperlihatkan angka yang berfluktuasi. Ini mencerminkan tantangan implementasi dari berbagai faktor: kesiapan dan kapasitas antar laboratorium; ketersediaan & kemampuan petugas pengumpul swab; ketersediaan reagen di laboratorium; aturan untuk petugas lab dan petugas pengumpul swab; dan transportasi untuk spesimen dari fasilitas kesehatan ke laboratorium rujukan. Studi ini merekomendasikan untuk memastikan kesiapan laboratorium dalam hal sumber daya manusia, alat, dan reagen ketika ditunjuk; memastikan kecukupan dan kualitas petugas lab & pengambil swab mumpuni; memastikan kecukupan logistik reagen untuk RT-PCR; dan penataan ulang aturan shift untuk petugas lab & pengumpul swab, dan meningkatkan prosedur penanganan dan mekanisme transportasi pengiriman specimen.
Effects of 12-week cadence retraining on impact peak, load rates and lower extremity biomechanics in running
Authors: Wang Junqing , Luo Zhen , Dai Boyi , Fu Weijie 
Published: August 2020

Background
Excessive impact peak forces and vertical load rates are associated with running injuries and have been targeted in gait retraining studies. This study aimed to determine the effects of 12-week cadence retraining on impact peak, vertical load rates and lower extremity biomechanics during running.

Methods
Twenty-four healthy male recreational runners were randomised into either a 12-week cadence retraining group (n = 12), which included those who ran with a 7.5% increase in preferred cadence, or a control group (n = 12), which included those who ran without any changes in cadence. Kinematics and ground reaction forces were recorded simultaneously to quantify impact force variables and lower extremity kinematics and kinetics.

Results
Significantly decreased impact peak (1.86 ± 0.30 BW vs. 1.67 ± 0.27 BW, P = 0.003), vertical average load rates (91.59 ± 18.91 BW/s vs. 77.31 ± 15.12 BW/s, P = 0.001) and vertical instantaneous load rates (108.8 ± 24.5 BW/s vs. 92.8 ± 18.5 BW/s, P = 0.001) were observed in the cadence retraining group, while no significant differences were observed in the control group. Foot angles (18.27° ± 5.59° vs. 13.74° ± 2.82°, P = 0.003) and vertical velocities of the centre of gravity (CoG) (0.706 ± 0.115 m/s vs. 0.652 ± 0.091 m/s, P = 0.002) significantly decreased in the cadence retraining group at initial contact, but not in the control group. In addition, vertical excursions of the CoG (0.077 ± 0.01 m vs. 0.069 ± 0.008 m, P = 0.002) and peak knee flexion angles (38.6° ± 5.0° vs. 36.5° ± 5.5°, P < 0.001) significantly decreased whilst lower extremity stiffness significantly increased (34.34 ± 7.08 kN/m vs. 38.61 ± 6.51 kN/m, P = 0.048) in the cadence retraining group. However, no significant differences were observed for those variables in the control group.

Conclusion
Twelve-week cadence retraining significantly increased the cadence of the cadence retraining group by 5.7%. This increased cadence effectively reduced impact peak and vertical average/instantaneous load rates. Given the close relationship between impact force variables and running injuries, increasing the cadence as a retraining method may potentially reduce the risk of impact-related running injuries.
Analysis of Effects of House Rodents among Farmers in Jos North Local Government Area of Plateau State, Nigeria
Authors: Kughur P. G. , Yanjoh E. T. , Ogbu T. E. 
Published: August 2020

The study analyzed the effects of house rodents among farmers in Jos North Local Government Area of Plateau State, Nigeria. Data were collected from primary source through the administration of structured questionnaire on 190 farmers' selected using a purposive random sampling technique. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Logit regression. Results revealed that females were 66.3%, 61.6% aged 20-30 years, 51.1% were married, 47.7% had the household size of 6-10 people, 53.3% had an estimated annual income of < ₦100,000.0. The results further indicated that 46.3% were civil servants, 49.5% occupied 4 rooms apartment, 84.2% furniture was destroyed, 76.3% used rodent glue pad for control, inconveniences ( = 3.04) was one of the major factors that influenced the method used for control of rodents and lack of finance ( = 3.15) was one of the major constraints faced in controlling house rodents. The results of Logit regression showed that sex (4.216) and major occupation (3.328) positively and significantly influenced the choice of method used for control at p < 0.005 and p < 0.010. It is recommended that public enlightenment on proper sanitation and methods of control should be carried out regularly to reduce the menace.
Optimum Time of Pollination and Number of Fruit Pickings and Its Effect on Seed Yield in CGMS Based Chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) Hybrid
Authors: Thakur Neha , Vasudevan S. N. , Doddagoudar S. R. , Tembhurne B. V. , Macha Sangeeta I. , Patil M. G. 
Published: August 2020

This study proposed standardization of best time of pollination and stage of picking fruits in newly released chilli CGMS hybrid. As optimum pollination time can result in better fruit set and thus produce seeds with superior yield. Another purpose of conducting the experiment was selection of a fruit picking stage that positively influence the seed yield parameters as under matured or over matured fruits often cause losses. In present investigation during kharif season of 2016 and 2017stigma of A line (male sterile line) was pollinated at six different times with pollens from R line (male fertile/restorer line) starting from 9 am to 5 pm. Fruits labeled with different coloured threads were harvested 60 days after pollination in three different pickings. Pollination time 10 to 11 am yielded hybrid with higher fruit set (40 %), dry fruit weight (1.50g), seed weight per fruit (0.451 g), number of seeds per fruit (76) and test weight (6.26 g) as compared to late afternoon timings. Also second picking fruits were better in these seed yield parameters when compared to early and late pickings. The interaction effect was also significant for these two objectives.
Application of Weighted Fuzzy Time Series Model to Forecast Epidemic Injuries
Authors: Moneim Hala Ahmed Abdul- 
Published: August 2020

Aims: It is important to predict the amount of COVID-19 injuries. Since the first suspected case of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) on December 1st, 2019, in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, a total of 40,235 confirmed cases and 909 deaths have been reported in China up to February 10, 2020, evoking fear locally and internationally. Here, based on the large amounts of daily publicly available epidemiological data and the need to make an accurate prediction of future behavior requires the definition of powerful and effective techniques capable of inferring random dependency between the past and the future from observations. In this paper, we apply a rewarding model to predict injuries in areas where COVID-19 is, especially in the Arab region. This forecast uses epidemic injuries data from March 2nd, 2020 to July 20th, 2020 in Saudi Arabia.
Methodology: We propose the use of weighted fuzzy time series techniques (WFTS) and weighted non-stationary fuzzy time series techniques (WNSFTS) to be compared with the classical Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) statistical method. The available data is not a stationary and should therefore be converted first to stationary to forecast it with (ARIMA) and (WFTS) techniques. We do a log transform and differencing on our injuries dataset.
Results: When we examine the original data by Dickey-Fuller Test (DFT) to get p-value, we find it is equal to 0.646, it is more than 0.05 which implies the non-stationarity. The mean square error (MSE), the root mean square error (RMSE) and normalization root mean square error (NRMSE), are applied to compare the accuracy of the methods. The results show that WFTS methods give good services for predicting epidemic injuries in the territory by COVID-19.
Conclusion: The use of Weighted Non Stationary Fuzzy Time Series (WNSFTS) in forecasting epidemic injuries problem can provide significantly better results because it is able to predict the infected cases at the next time and achieve great predictive accuracy.
The Staining Interactions of Aqueous Extract of Skin Allium cepa (Red Onion) on Some Selected Histological Tissues
Authors: Mohammed M. O. , Hali A. A. , Okechi O. O. , Muhammad A. T. , Tsamiya R. I. , Abubakar U. , Mohammed I. , Umar A. , Sani S. M. , Dallatu M. K. , Bunza J. M. , Kabir H. , Tambuwal H. M. , Slisu A. , Bello B. A. , Dogondaji F. A. , Okorie N. , Ma’aruf S. Y. , Isah D. , Ngaski A. A. , Idris N. A. , Ajayi A. S. , Isah M. , Sirajo M. , Abdulazeez A. , Abullahi H. 
Published: August 2020

Introduction: Histological stains are biological dyes which colour tissue in order to aid optical differentiation of tissue component. Dyes are coloured substance which impact colour for material such as textile, cosmetic, food, drugs, rubber plastics, hair, fur and tissues. There are two types of dyes namely; natural dyes and synthetic dyes. Allium cepa is an imperative, evergreen plant, which belongs to the family Amaryllidaceace commonly called bulb onion.
Aim: This research work aimed at evaluating the staining capability of onion extract as counter stain when haematoxylin was used as primary stain.
Methods: Tissue blocks sections of liver and kidney organs were made from the Wistar rat. Serial sections labelled A to M were made from each block and stained with Harris haematoxylin. Section A was counterstained with eosin, as control. Different preparations of extracts of the onion skin were used to counter stain sections of kidney and liver tissues. Group B to Mwere kidney and liver tissues stained as follows: B, E, H and K (5% aqueous and ethanolic extract with ferric chloride, 5% aqueous and ethanolic extract with potassium aluminium alum, and 5% aqueous and ethanolic extract without mordant, for 10 and 20 minutes). C, D, F, G, I, J, L and M (5% aqueous and ethanolic extract with ferric chloride, 5% aqueous and ethanolic extract with potassium aluminium alum and 5% aqueous and ethanolic extract without mordant for 10 and 20 minutes).
Results: The skin extract of Allium cepa stained the cytoplasm of cells and connective tissues in shades of reddish brown to yellowish brown. The study established the cytoplasmic counter-staining ability of the extract of Allium cepa.
Conclusion: It is therefore suggested that onion skin extract solution can be substituted for eosin due to its domestic availability, ease of preparation and above all, its good cytoplasm contrast with the nuclear stain.
Ergonomic Checkpoint in Agriculture, Postural Analysis, and Prevalence of Work Musculoskeletal Symptoms among Indonesian Farmers: Road to Safety and Health in Agriculture
Authors: Widyanti Ari 
Published: August 2020

Agriculture is one of the most crucial and hazardous sectors in both the developing and the developed countries. The agriculture area has a various problem related to safety and health, calling an urgent research to solve the problem. The purpose of this study is to apply ergonomics checkpoint in agriculture (developed by ILO) in Indonesian as well as to observe the prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms among Indonesian farmers.251 Indonesian farmers participate voluntarily in this study. “Ergonomic checkpoint in agriculture” as a tool to reduce agriculture-related accident and increase productivity is assessed by student researcher. Prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms (MSS) is assessed using Nordic body map that is filling out by participants. Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA), Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA), and postural analysis using 3 dimension Static Prediction Program (3D SSPP) are applied to observe the risk activities of Indonesian farmers including the manual hoe for land clearing, grass cutting for land clearing, planting the rice, manual plow, giving fertilizer, harvesting, threshing, cleaning the rice from the straw, and sun-drying of rice. According to ergonomics checkpoints, material handling and storage are the worst in Indonesian agriculture, coupled with minimum safety information, toilet and washing facilities, and first aid. The high-risk activities are manual hoe for land clearing, manual plow, grass cutting for land clearing and threshing. The reported MSS mainly found in the shoulder and lower back.In conclusion, Indonesian agriculture is in a poor ergonomics condition and is associated with high musculoskeletal symptoms. The postural analysis also reveals a high risk of farmer activities.