bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phytotherapy in Dentistry: A Literature Review Based on Clinical Data
Authors: Dick Thaylla Núñez Amin , Marques Letícia Côgo , Lopes Amanda de Almeida Lima , Candreva Monique Santana , Santos Lílian Rocha , Picciani Bruna Lavinas Sayed 
Published: July 2020

Aims: Looking for scientific support with an updated review about herbal medicines usage in dentistry for clinical application, reinforcing the potential of phytotherapics to treat oral disorders and the need for new studies on the topic.
Material and Methods: The literature search was performed combining “phytotherapy” and “dentistry” in the PubMed, MEDLINE, BBO, LILACS and SciELO databases, covering the period from January 2017 to March 2020. The data extracted were: Alteration/oral disease, gender, age, number of participants, herbal medicine used, drug function and results.
Results: were selected 24 papers that employed different plants, such as Tulsi, Aloe vera, citronella, turmeric, propolis and cloves. The results found are promising and show the anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antibacterial, antioxidant, antifungal, antiviral and tranquilizer action of herbal drugs, and their use for treating burning mouth syndrome, oral submucous fibrosis, xerostomia and halitosis.
Conclusion: despite the therapeutic activities of herbal medicines, additional studies with larger sample size and scientific rigor are necessary to prove their benefits for treating oral diseases.
Personality Disorder in a Nigerian Prison Community
Authors: Solomon Enyidah Nonyenim 
Published: July 2020

Background: Personality disorders have since the 19th century been known and established as psychiatric diagnosis, yet very few epidemiological studies have been done. Absence of information about this disorder in the prisons led to the assessment of its prevalence in Agodi prisons in Nigeria.
Objective: To determine the prevalence of personality disorder in a prison community.
Methods: A total of 213 inmates who met the study criteria were interviewed, using (IPDE) International Personality Disorder Examination, a semi structured questionnaire modified to conform to DSM 111-R (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual) and ICD-10 (International Classification of Diseases) classifications. Using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS/PC+), cross tabulation of the variables was obtained using chi-square and t- test.
Results: The results showed that at least 31% of prison inmates have personality disorders with antisocial personality disorder being most prevalent. A strong association between criminality and personality disorder was established.
Insights from five decades of monitoring habitat and breeding populations of American woodcock
Authors: Gutowsky Sarah Elizabeth , Gutowsky Lee F.G. , Milton Gordon Randy , Mallory Mark L. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract1. Habitat loss and degradation are contributing to severe declines in many North American bird species. For American woodcockScolopax minor(‘woodcock’), loss of preferred young forest habitat matrices are generally attributed as the primary drivers of range‐wide population declines in eastern North America, but regional patterns in abundance or habitat availability have not been assessed in Nova Scotia, the northeastern‐most portion of the range.2. Our objectives were to (a) identify regions of similar trends over the past five decades, (b) evaluate spatiotemporal relationships in the effect of habitat availability on abundance across the province and (c) provide recommendations for woodcock management priorities in Nova Scotia to target local population declines.3. Using 50 years of standardised surveys and habitat measures, we investigated woodcock population trends and local habitat availability by applying a novel spatially‐explicit model with Integrated Nested Laplace Approximation.4. Province‐level declines were primarily driven by losses of breeding woodcock in the north and south of the province, while the central region experienced growth. The proportion of area around a survey route comprised of clear‐cut, harvested forest was the most important habitat feature of nine potential explanatory variables to affect abundance, where higher levels of clear‐cut area predicted higher abundance, particularly in the last 15 years (increase from two to 10 birds on average as the amount of clear‐cut area increased from zero to 28%).5. Historically, habitat for species requiring open areas and regenerating forests would be established through periodic natural disturbance. Today, it is impractical for these processes to occur unimpeded, thus commercial timber harvests and proactive habitat management are necessary to ensure habitat availability. For woodcock in Nova Scotia, partnering with both the local forest products industry and wider national and international habitat management initiatives to provide habitat in the southern and northern regions of the province could be key to improving the population status both locally and ultimately range wide. The temporally and spatially extensive surveys used here provide a remarkably comprehensive avian monitoring dataset. Coupled with modern analytical tools, our study system serves as an example of how long‐term avian survey efforts are capable of informing management regionally to achieve broader conservation targets.
Systematic Literature Review of Residual Symptoms and an Unmet Need in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Michaud Kaleb , Pope Janet , van de Laar Mart , Curtis Jeffrey R. , Kannowski Carol , Mitchell Sarah , Bell Judith , Workman Jennifer , Paik Jim , Cardoso Anabela , Taylor Peter C. 
Published: July 2020

ObjectiveTo evaluate the nature and burden of residual disease in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in patients who meet treatment targets. Second, for those who did not meet targets, to evaluate how much is due to patient symptoms.MethodsProspective and retrospective studies were searched in Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Library in the English language from January 1, 2008 to April 18, 2018; conference abstracts (from January 2016 to April 2018) and reference lists of relevant studies were also screened.ResultsOf 8,339 records identified, 55 were included in the review; 53 were unique studies, including 10 randomized controlled trials. Of these, 48 reported on patients who achieved low disease activity (LDA) or remission. Studies varied in population, treatment goals, and outcome reporting. The proportions of patients with residual symptoms in these studies varied by the definitions used for LDA or remission and were more often reported in patients with LDA than those in remission. The most commonly reported outcome measures were functional disability (n = 34 studies), tender or swollen joints (n = 18), pain (n = 17), patient global assessment (n = 15), and fatigue (n = 14). However, few studies reported the percentage of patients achieving a specific threshold, which could then be used to easily define the presence of residual symptoms.ConclusionResidual symptoms are present in some patients despite their achieving LDA or remission, highlighting an unmet need, especially with respect to improving pain, fatigue, and function. Standardized reporting in future observational studies would facilitate better understanding of this issue in defined RA populations.
Selective Syntheses of Benzo[b]carbazoles and C3‐Substituted Indoles via Tunable Catalytic Annulations of β‐Alkynyl Ketones with Indoles
Authors: Wang Dan , Wang Shi‐Chao , Hao Wen‐Juan , Tu Shu‐Jiang , Jiang Bo 
Published: July 2020

AbstractTunable catalytic annulation reactions of β alkynyl ketones with indoles have been developed, enabling multiple chemical bond‐forming events to selectively access skeletally diverse indole‐containing heterocycles with generally good yields. Silver‐catalyzed intermolecular benzannulation reaction of β‐alkynyl ketones with indoles afforded tetracyclic benzo[b]carbazoles whereas isochromen‐1‐yl‐substituted indoles could be obtained using the same silver catalysis by lowering the reaction temperature (0 °C or rt). Interestingly, using Sc(OTf)3 and AgOTf as a combined catalytic system led to the formation of C3‐naphthylated indoles via intramolecular benzannulation reaction.magnified image
Muxeres en Acción: The Power of Community Cultural Wealth in Latinas Organizing for Health Equity
Authors: Fernández Jesica Siham , Guzmán Bianca L. , Bernal Ireri , Flores Yvette G. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCommunity psychology, despite its commitment to social justice, is prone to engage in deficit‐based perspectives that do not appropriately capture the strengths of Latinx communities. Given these limitations, we use a Community Cultural Wealth (CCW) (Yosso, 2005) framework to describe how muxeres, Latina women who identify as promotoras, madres, and mamás, leveraged their political power and culturally informed leadership to improve the health and well‐being of their communities. We highlight instances from our fieldwork, witnessing the agency of muxeres en acción for health equity. We offer three case studies to describe how we approached our collaborations with three groups of muxeres situated in different geographic locations in the state of California. The first case study discusses how immigrant muxeres who identify as promotoras (e.g., health workers) in the Central Valley developed their research skills through a promotora model that allowed them to build the capacity to advocate for the well‐being of their communities. The second example offers reflections from a Community‐Based Participatory Action Research (CBPAR) project with a group of Mexican immigrant madres in a gentrified community in San José. Lastly, the third case study describes how a group of mamás in the East Side of Los Angeles addressed issues of educational inequities. Together, these case studies illustrate muxeres’ advocacy for their health and well‐being. Because women in general, and muxeres in particular, are considered gatekeepers of culture and tradition within their families, it is crucial that community psychologists ground their work in ethically and culturally appropriate frameworks that highlight the power of muxeres.
A homozygous truncating NALCN variant in two Afro‐Caribbean siblings with hypotonia and dolichocephaly
Authors: Ope Omotayo , Bhoj Elizabeth J. , Nelson Beverly , Li Dong , Hakonarson Hakon , Sobering Andrew K. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractNALCN encodes a sodium ion leak channel expressed in the nervous system that conducts a persistent influx of sodium ions to facilitate action potential formation. Homozygous or compound heterozygous loss of function variants in NALCN cause infantile hypotonia with psychomotor retardation and characteristic facies‐1 (IHPRF1; OMIM 615419). Through exome and Sanger sequencing, we found two siblings of Afro‐Caribbean ancestry who are homozygous for a known NALCN pathogenic variant, p.Arg735Ter, leading to failure to thrive, severe hypotonia, and dolichocephaly. The older sibling died suddenly without a known etiology after evaluation but before molecular diagnosis. An international collaboration originating from a resource limited Caribbean island facilitated molecular diagnosis. Due to its small population, geographical isolation, and low socioeconomic status, the island lacks many specialty medical services, including clinical genetics. Descriptions of genetic disorders affecting individuals of Afro‐Caribbean ancestry are rarely reported in the medical literature. Diagnosis of IHPRF1 is important, as individuals with biallelic pathogenic NALCN variants are severely affected and potentially are at risk for cardiorespiratory arrest. Additionally, knowing the pathogenic variants allows the possibility of prenatal or preimplantation genetic diagnosis.
Fabrication of self‐functionalized polymeric surfaces and their application in electrochemical acetaminophen detection
Authors: Kuralay Filiz , Çağlayan Tahsin , İlhan Hasan , Dumangöz Mehmet , Sönmez Çelebi Mutlu 
Published: July 2020

AbstractConducting polymer coatings have offered functionalized surfaces having good electrical, mechanical, and physical properties. In this work, electrochemical preparation and characterization of polypyrrole/polypyrrole‐3‐carboxylic acid (PPy/PPa) copolymer onto single‐use pencil graphite electrodes (PGEs) were described and detailed. Then, the application of these electrodes was demonstrated for the detection a commonly used analgesic, acetaminophen (AC) (paracetamol). Copolymer was deposited onto PGEs using cyclic voltammetry (CV) between +0.0 V and +1.0 V versus Ag/AgCl. Experimental conditions such as the effect of monomer ratios (3:1–6:1) and cyclic scans (1 cycle to 10 cycles) on electropolymerization were examined. Coated surfaces were characterized with CV and scanning electron microscopy. Electrochemical response of the electrode in AC at various pH values was evaluated. Then, AC detection was performed based on the oxidation signal of the drug at about +0.55 V versus Ag/AgCl using differential pulse voltammetry in buffer and body fluid (serum).
The AutGO Initiative: A Conceptual Framework for Developing Genetics‐Outcomes Research Hypotheses
Authors: Talebizadeh Zohreh , Shah Ayten ,   AutGO Working Group
Published: July 2020

The increasing emphasis on translational approaches to complex neuropsychiatric and neurodevelopmental conditions research requires scientists from a broad range of disciplines to build dynamic collaborations when formulating hypotheses and framing study designs. The need to integrate the knowledge and perspectives not only from multiple scientific silos but also from the populations impacted by these conditions presents a significant challenge to researchers, particularly for a heterogeneous condition like autism. As one path toward addressing these challenges, we have previously introduced Autism Genetics Outcomes (AutGO), an initiative to support broad stakeholder partnerships and promote a new integrated concept called GO (i.e., research approaches that draw on both genetics and clinical outcomes perspectives). Herein, we developed a workflow for collecting stakeholders' feedback toward the development of a GO hypothesis. AutGO is an evolving initiative, and here we describe how its three essential components (conceptual framework, applicability, and implementation) have been developed. As a proof‐of‐concept, the AutGO team sought to demonstrate how a GO hypothesis could be developed using a semi‐structured literature review workflow. We also developed a prototype from published reports and formulated a GO hypothesis for autism. Rather than seeking community stakeholder input after a research project is conceptualized and designed, the developed conceptual framework demonstrates the feasibility of formulating scientific hypotheses by engaging stakeholders in retrospective semi‐structured literature reviews. The presented workflow, prototype, and discussed recommendations will bring awareness in the autism research community about the benefits of applying the GO approach in order to promote translational aspects in genetics research.Lay SummaryWe used a community‐based engagement approach to develop AutGO (Autism Genetics Outcomes), an initiative to establish stakeholder partnerships and to promote research approaches (we refer to as GO) that draw on both genetics and clinical outcomes perspectives. Specifically, we developed a conceptual framework that includes a literature review process for developing GO hypotheses and stakeholder feedback collection protocol. Our work will bring awareness in the autism research community about the benefits of integrating patient perspectives in genetics research. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1286–1299. © 2020 The Authors. Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Predicting Mental Health and Psychological Wellbeing in Mothers of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Roles of Intolerance of Uncertainty and Coping
Authors: Cai Ru Ying , Uljarević Mirko , Leekam Susan R. 
Published: July 2020

Research has consistently shown that parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are more likely to report chronic stress and symptoms of psychopathology when compared to parents of typically developing children and children with other psychological or physical conditions. Certain individual characteristics might either put parents at risk or allow them to cope more effectively under the strenuous conditions of raising children with neurodevelopmental conditions. Previous research has suggested that higher levels of intolerance of uncertainty and certain coping styles are associated with higher parental levels of anxiety and depression. The aim of this study is to characterize the way in which intolerance of uncertainty and coping (avoidant and problem‐focused coping) predict mental health and psychological wellbeing in parents of children with ASD. Only mothers participated in this study. Fifty mothers (Mage = 44.28 years, SDage = 6.58) of children with ASD completed questionnaires assessing anxiety and depression, psychological wellbeing, intolerance of uncertainty, and avoidant and problem‐focused coping. The results from this study provide preliminary evidence that higher use of problem‐focused coping but not avoidant coping and intolerance of uncertainty predicts psychological wellbeing. Furthermore, our observation of greater intolerance of uncertainty and higher use of avoidant coping predicting anxiety and depression supports previous research. The findings from this study have implications for the development of intervention programs to help improve the mental health and psychological wellbeing of parents.Lay SummaryThis research studied the factors that impact the mental health of parents of children on the autism spectrum. We found that mothers, who are not comfortable with uncertainty, use more avoidant coping, and less problem‐focused coping have poorer mental health. Identifying these factors is a crucial first step in developing intervention programs to help improve the mental health of parents. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1797–1801. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research and Wiley Periodicals LLC
Briquetting characteristics of woody and herbaceous biomass blends: Impact on physical properties, chemical composition, and calorific value
Authors: Tumuluru Jaya Shankar , Fillerup Eric 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIntercropping (or polyculture) is gaining a lot of interest as it increases yields, allows better utilization of resources (water and nutrients), and provides better land management. The objective of this study is to understand the briquetting characteristics of woody and herbaceous biomass blends, which might result from intercropping. Tests were conducted on blends of lodgepole pine, switchgrass, and corn stover biomass using three hammer mill screen sizes (i.e., 4.8, 12.7, and 19.05 mm), three blend moistures (12%, 15%, and 18%, w.b.), and two‐ and three‐blend ratios (i.e., 1:1 and 1:1:1) using a pilot‐scale hydraulic briquette press. The briquette properties, such as unit and bulk density, durability rating after 5 days of storage (as they tend to attain stable density), and the energy consumption of the process were measured. The results indicate that moisture content of 12% and 15% (w.b.) and smaller hammer mill screen size of 4.8 mm increased the unit and bulk densities to >750 and >430 kg/m3 and moisture content (15% and 18% (w.b.)) and hammer mill screen size of 12.7 and 19.05 mm produced briquettes with durability rating values of >95%. The higher moisture content of 18% (w.b.) and the hammer mill screen size of 12.7 and 19.05 mm had the highest energy consumption. The proximate and ultimate analysis showed that energy content improved by blending lodgepole pine with both corn stover and switchgrass and also showed increased calorific value and reduced ash content. Scanning electron microscopy micrographs showed interlocking of particles and cracks in the briquettes. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Interaction between catechol‐O‐methyltransferase polymorphism and childhood trauma in suicidal ideation of patients with post‐traumatic stress disorder
Authors: Kwon Aeran , Min Dongil , Kim Yourim , Jin Min Jin , Lee Seung‐Hwan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIntroductionSuicidal behavior of post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) patients is influenced by genetic and environmental factors. The catechol‐O‐methyltransferase (COMT) gene has been known to be associated with suicidal ideation. The present study aimed to explore the relationship of COMT polymorphism, childhood trauma, and suicidal ideation in patients with PTSD.MethodsFifty patients with PTSD and 62 healthy controls (HCs) were recruited, and COMT variants rs4680 and rs4633 were genotyped through peripheral blood. Psychological assessments such as the childhood trauma questionnaire (CTQ), the scale for suicidal ideation, the clinician‐administered PTSD scale for DSM‐5, and a PTSD checklist were administered. A regression analysis, the Johnson–Neyman technique, and a two‐way analysis of covariance were conducted.ResultsInteraction of COMT polymorphism (rs4680, rs4633) and childhood emotional abuse (subscale of CTQ) predicted suicidal ideation in patients with PTSD. Patients with the rs4680 Val/Val genotype, compared to Met carriers genotype, showed higher suicidal ideation when childhood emotional abuse was high. Patients with the rs4633 CC genotype, compared to T carriers genotype, showed higher suicidal ideation when childhood emotional abuse was high.ConclusionOur results suggest that vulnerability to suicide could be increased in the Val/Val genotype of COMT rs4680 and the CC genotype of rs4633 in patients with PTSD. Moreover, PTSD group with high childhood emotional abuse demonstrated a significantly higher suicidal ideation than did those with low childhood emotional abuse.