bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intra-abdominal hypertension and abdominal compartment syndrome in patients admitted to the ICU
Authors: Smit Marije , Koopman Bart , Dieperink Willem , Hulscher Jan B. F. , Hofker H. Sijbrand , van Meurs Matijs , Zijlstra Jan G. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Intra-abdominal hypertension is frequently present in critically ill patients and is an independent predictor for mortality. Risk factors for intra-abdominal hypertension and abdominal compartment syndrome have been widely investigated. However, data are lacking on prevalence and outcome in high-risk patients. Our objectives in this study were to investigate prevalence and outcome of intra-abdominal hypertension and abdominal compartment syndrome in high-risk patients in a prospective, observational, single-center cohort study.

Results
Between March 2014 and March 2016, we included 503 patients, 307 males (61%) and 196 females (39%). Patients admitted to the intensive care unit with a diagnosis of pancreatitis, elective or emergency open abdominal aorta surgery, orthotopic liver transplantation, other elective or emergency major abdominal surgery and trauma were enrolled. One hundred and sixty four (33%) patients developed intra-abdominal hypertension and 18 (3.6%) patients developed abdominal compartment syndrome. Highest prevalence of abdominal compartment syndrome occurred in pancreatitis (57%) followed by orthotopic liver transplantation (7%) and abdominal aorta surgery (5%). Length of intensive care stay increased by a factor 4 in patients with intra-abdominal hypertension and a factor 9 in abdominal compartment syndrome, compared to patients with normal intra-abdominal pressure. Rate of renal replacement therapy was higher in abdominal compartment syndrome (38.9%) and intra-abdominal hypertension (8.2%) compared to patients with normal intra-abdominal pressure (1.2%). Both intensive care mortality and 90-day mortality were significantly higher in intra-abdominal hypertension (4.8% and 15.2%) and abdominal compartment syndrome (16.7% and 38.9%) compared to normal intra-abdominal pressure (1.2% and 7.1%). Body mass index (odds ratio 1.08, 95% confidence interval 1.03–1.13), mechanical ventilation at admission (OR 3.52, 95% CI 2.08–5.96) and Apache IV score (OR 1.03, 95% CI 1.02–1.04) were independent risk factors for the development of intra-abdominal hypertension or abdominal compartment syndrome.

Conclusions
The prevalence of abdominal compartment syndrome was 3.6% and the prevalence of intra-abdominal hypertension was 33% in this cohort of high-risk patients. Morbidity and mortality increased when intra-abdominal hypertension or abdominal compartment syndrome was present. The patient most at risk of IAH or ACS in this high-risk cohort has a BMI > 30 kg/m2 and was admitted to the ICU after emergency abdominal surgery or with a diagnosis of pancreatitis.
Beef heifer fertility: importance of management practices and technological advancements
Authors: Moorey Sarah E. , Biase Fernando H. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe development of replacement heifers is at the core of cow-calf beef production systems. In 2020, the USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service reported 5.771 million beef heifers, 500 pounds and over, are under development for cow replacement. A compilation of data from several studies indicate that between 85% and 95% of these heifers will become pregnant in their first breeding season. Several thousands of heifers being raised for replacement may not deliver a calf on their first breeding season and result in economic losses to cow-calf producers. Many management procedures have been developed to maximize the reproductive potential of beef heifers. Such approaches include, but are not limited to the following: nutritional management for controlled weight gain, identification of reproductive maturity by physiological and morphological indicators, and the implementation of an estrous synchronization program. The implementation of management strategies has important positive impact(s) on the reproductive efficiency of heifers. There are limitations, however, because some heifers deemed ready to enter their first breeding season do not become pregnant. In parallel, genetic selection for fertility-related traits in beef heifers have not promoted major genetic gains on this particular area, most likely due to low heritability of female fertility traits in cattle. Technologies such as antral follicle counting, DNA genotyping and RNA profiling are being investigated as a means to aid in the identification of heifers of low fertility potential. To date, many polymorphisms have been associated with heifer fertility, but no DNA markers have been identified across herds. Antral follicle count is an indication of the ovarian reserve and is an indicator of the reproductive health of a heifer. We have been working on the identification of transcriptome profiles in heifers associated with pregnancy outcome. Our current investigations integrating protein-coding transcript abundance and artificial intelligence have identified the potential for bloodborne transcript abundance to be used as indicators of fertility potential in beef heifers. In summary, there is an ongoing pressure for reducing costs and increasing efficiency in cow-calf production systems, and new technologies can help reduce the long-standing limitations in beef heifer fertility.
Two-stage laparoscopic surgery for incarcerated umbilical Littre’s hernia in severely obese patient: a case report
Authors: Ariyoshi Yu , Suto Takayuki , Umemura Akira , Fujiwara Hisataka , Yanari Shingo , Uesugi Noriyuki , Sugai Tamotsu , Sasaki Akira 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundLittre's hernia containing Meckel's diverticulum is an extremely rare disease. We report an adult case of two-stage laparoscopic surgery for incarceration of Meckel's diverticulum in an umbilical hernia.Case presentationThe case involved a 23-year-old, severely obese man with BMI 36.5 kg/m2. After experiencing effusion from the umbilicus for 2 months, and was referred from a local dermatologist. We diagnosed an infected urachal remnant, and antibiotic therapy was performed first. Surgery was planned for after the infection disappeared. During follow-up, effusion from the umbilicus took on an intestinal fluid-like character, so we diagnosed small intestinal cutaneous fistula and performed surgery. Under laparoscopy, we found a Meckel's diverticulum incarcerated in an umbilical hernia. The diverticulum was resected first, and the incarceration was released. The umbilicus was infected, so we planned repair of the umbilical hernia in a second surgery. The postoperative course was uneventful and the patient was discharged on postoperative day 5. One month after the initial operation, we confirmed that there were no signs of infection, and performed umbilical hernia repair using the laparoscopic intraperitoneal onlay mesh (IPOM) repair. Postoperative progress was uneventful and he was discharged on postoperative day 4. No recurrence or infection was observed until 8 months postoperatively.ConclusionsWe performed dissection of the diverticulum and umbilical hernia repair for the incarcerated umbilical Littre's hernia under laparoscopy in a severely obese patient. The risk of mesh infection seems to be avoidable using a two-stage surgery, and the risk of recurrence can be reduced using the IPOM repair compared with simple suture closure.
El alma corporizada: Las voces en la no ficción de Juan Villoro
Authors: Ventura Laura 
Published: October 2020

Juan Villoro explora en sus crónicas las voces de su generación, de sus compatriotas, de artistas e intelectuales, de personas anónimas, así como también, y especialmente, la propia, que aúna dos tradiciones: la europea y la americana. Este trabajo parte de la definición de Villoro de la crónica actual como “el ornitorrinco de la prosa”, una metáfora que se refiere a la esencia híbrida de este género polifónico que bebe de otros géneros. Se exploran los textos de no ficción de Villoro mediante una lectura interpretativa y un análisis comparatista. Se estudian textos de cronistas contemporáneos que hacen hincapié en la polifonía y en el carácter híbrido de este género. Se estudia la retórica de Villoro en sus crónicas, donde aborda un vasto abanico de temas. Estos no eluden el retrato sobre la cultura popular mexicana. Villoro escribe crónicas a través de las cuales, explica, apela a una “voz delegada”, un instrumento a través del cual le presta su voz y estilo a otros que le confían sus relatos y experiencias. Se concluye que Villoro despliega una operación en sus crónicas donde busca reflejar “el alma corporizada”, es decir, las voces, de aquellos que narran sus experiencias. Villoro se convierte así en un testigo —término al que acude a menudo en su narrativa—, rol que elige adoptar para poder plasmar aquellas voces tan variadas de su sociedad en crónicas cercanas al ensayo y en particular a la autobiografía
Disclosing Product Availability in Online Retail
Authors: Calvo Eduard , Cui Ruomeng , Wagner Laura 
Published: October 2020

Problem definition: Online retailers disclose product availability to influence customer decisions as a form of pressure selling designed to compel customers to rush into a purchase. Can the revelation of this information drive sales and profitability? We study the effect of disclosing product availability on market outcomes—product sales and returns—and identify the contexts where this effect is most powerful. Academic/practical relevance: Increasing sell-out is key for online retailers to remain profitable in the presence of thin margins and complex operations. We provide insights into how their information-disclosure policy—something they can tailor at virtually no cost—can contribute to this important objective. Methodology: We collaborate with an online retailer to procure a year of transaction data on 190,696 products that span 1,290 brands and 472,980 customers. To causally identify our results, we use a generalized difference-in-differences design with matching that exploits one policy of the firm: it discloses product availability only for the last five units. Results: The disclosure of low product availability increases hourly sales—they grow by 13.6%—but these products are more likely to be returned—product return rates increase by 17.0%. Because returns are costly, we also study net sales—product hourly sales minus hourly returns—which increase by 12.5% after the retailer reveals low availability. Managerial implications: The positive effects on sales and profitability amplify over wide assortments and when low-availability signals are abundantly visible and disclosed for deeply discounted products whose sales season is about to end. In addition, we propose a data-driven policy that exploits these results by using machine learning to prescribe the timing of disclosure of scarcity signals in order to boost sales without spiking returns. History: This paper has been accepted as part of the 2019 Manufacturing & Service Operations Management Practice-Based Research Competition.
Is there a bright future for whitening of traumatised teeth in children?
Authors: Oliver Rachel , Gartshore Laura 
Published: October 2020

Traumatic dental injuries may lead to tooth discolouration, which may impact quality of life for affected children. Guidelines advise that non-vital tooth whitening may be indicated to manage traumatised, discoloured teeth. Delivering this evidence-based intervention is legally restricted to those over the age of 18. The law offers no therapeutic exception, even when acting in patients’ best interests, and despite the updated position of the General Dental Council in 2014 in this respect. Little has been reported about variation in the practice or documentation of tooth whitening by paediatric dentists since legislation was introduced.We must establish best practice standards to meet the needs of young patients.
Internationalisation: a ‘new horizon’ for dental education and research
Authors: Thomson Peter 
Published: October 2020

Internationalisation may be defined as a series of processes whereby an institute strives to increase its influence and effectiveness through global networking. In higher education, this offers opportunities to enhance communication and mobilisation between educational systems. To be globally competitive, the international university of the future must embrace digital technology, online courses and ongoing lifetime learning, especially for alumni to facilitate networks of global expertise. Oral disease neither recognises nor respects international boundaries, nor therefore should dental education, research and clinical expertise which are highly valued commodities in society. For dentistry, internationalisation offers real opportunities to influence and promote the highest standards of oral health education and clinical practice throughout the world. The international university of the future must recognise the importance of setting the highest standards for oral health across the world while maintaining regional structures and priorities.
Field Distance Effects of Fipronil and Chlorfenapyr as Soil Termiticides Against the Desert Subterranean Termite, Heterotermes aureus (Blattodea: Rhinotermitidae)
Authors: Baker Paul B , Miguelena Javier G 
Published: October 2020

A desirable trait of termiticides is that they suppress termite activity at a distance from the site of application. Fipronil and chlorfenapyr are two non-repellent termiticides that display delayed toxicity and are therefore good candidates for yielding distance effects. We assessed their effects as soil-applied termiticides for the management of the desert subterranean termite, Heterotermes aureus (Snyder), under field conditions in southern Arizona. Our approach involved recording termite activity within field experimental grids consisting of termite monitoring stations at selected distances from a termiticide application perimeter. Fipronil-treated plots experienced large and significant reductions in termite presence and abundance relative to controls in stations immediately adjacent to treated soil. However, there was no evidence of reductions in termite activity in stations further away from the soil treatment. In contrast, termite abundance and presence in stations decreased relatively to controls after chlorfenapyr application in whole experimental grids and in several grid sections spatially separated from treated soil. These reductions were especially evident in the five central stations surrounded by the treatment perimeter and in the furthest set of stations. The spatial pattern of changes in chlorfenapyr plots was consistent with termiticide transfer as a mechanism behind distance effects. The impact of fipronil and chlorfenapyr on termite populations in our study suggests that they can both be useful for the management of H. aureus, although each might be suited for differentmanagement goals. Our results also suggest that perimeter treatments alone are not sufficient to accomplish full control of large H. aureus infestations.
AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI AIR PERASAN DAN REBUSAN DAUN CALINCING (Oxalis corniculata L.) TERHADAP Streptococcus mutans
Authors: Winastri Ni Luh Arisa Prahastuti , Muliasari Handa , Hidayati Ernin 
Published: October 2020

Inappropriate use of antibiotics can cause bacteria to become resistant and have side effects, therefore an alternative source of antibacterial is needed. One species of plant that has antibacterial properties is calincing (Oxalis corniculata L.). Antibacterial activities of the juice and decoction of calincing leaves against Streptococcus mutans have not reported yet. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of the juice and decoction of calincing leaves against Streptococcus mutans. This study uses a well diffusion method with eight treatment groups, namely juice and decoction at the concentrations of 20%, 40%, 60%; listerin 100% as a positive control, and distilled water as a negative control. The diameter of the inhibitory zone of the juice and decoction of calincing leaf at a concentration of 20% are 19 mm and 24.33 mm respectively, and classified as strong growth inhibition, while the concentrations of 40% and 60% are classified as very strong growth inhibition. Growth inhibition of the juice and decoction of calincing leaf at concentration of 20% was significantly higher than the positive control. The best antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans is produced by the juice and decoction of calincing leaf at concentration of 60%. Increasing in the concentration of the juice or decoction of calincing leaf also increases the diameter of the inhibitory zone.
Transformasi Wilayah Kepulauan di Metropolitan Jakarta
Authors: Wibisono Hafidz , Musthofa Azis , Kusuma Muhammad Eka , Haryanto Indrawan 
Published: October 2020

Jakarta Metropolitan Area (Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, South Tangerang and Bekasi) has experienced rapid development, especially in the past 30 years. Jakarta Metropolitan Development has triggered conversion of agricultural land to urban areas and the development of settlements, especially in the periphery areas. Numerous studies have discussed how the process of transformation of peripheral areas located in the mainland region. However, there is still limited research which discusses the transformation of Kepulauan Seribu Regency, as one of the periphery of Jakarta metropolitan. This study aims to identify the process of regional transformation in Kepulauan Seribu Regency and elaborating on its role of as a periphery of Jakarta Metropolitan Area as well as limitations of regional development in Kepulauan Seribu Regency as an archipelagic region. The study used qualitative method by using a secondary data and literature studies. This study found that the transformation process in Kepulauan Seribu Regency has not occurred significantly, but an indication of the transformation of Kepulauan Seribu Regency as a tourism-based trade and service area has been identified. On the other hand, limited access and land oriented policies are some of the things that could make the transformation of this area would not as rapid as other periphery in the mainland.
Aristotle on the Nature and Politics of Medicine
Authors: Baker Samuel H. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAccording to Aristotle, the medical art aims at health, which is a virtue of the body, and does so in an unlimited way. Consequently, medicine does not determine the extent to which health should be pursued, and “mental health” falls under medicine only viapros henpredication. Because medicine is inherently oriented to its end, it produces health in accordance with its nature and disease contrary to its nature—even when disease is good for the patient. Aristotle’s politician understands that this inherent orientation can be systematically distorted, and so would see the need for something like the HippocraticOath.
Nonlocal fractional semilinear differential inclusions with noninstantaneous impulses and of order α ∈ (1, 2)
Authors: Wang JinRong , Ibrahim Ahmed G. , O’Regan Donal , Elmandouh Adel A. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we establish the existence of mild solutions for nonlocal fractional semilinear differential inclusions with noninstantaneous impulses of order α ∈ (1,2) and generated by a cosine family of bounded linear operators. Moreover, we show the compactness of the solution set. We consider both the case when the values of the multivalued function are convex and nonconvex. Examples are given to illustrate the theory.
Intrauterine negative-pressure therapy (IU-NPT) to treat peritonitis after caesarean section
Authors: Wulfert Chris-Henrik , Müller Christian Theodor , Abdel-Kawi Ahmed Farouk , Schulze Wolfgang , Schmidt-Seithe Henning , Borstelmann Sonko , Loske Gunnar 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Objectives
We describe the first application of intrauterine negative-pressure therapy (IU-NPT) for an early rupture of a uterine suture after a third caesarean section with consecutive peritonitis and sepsis. Because all four quadrants were affected by peritonitis, a laparotomy was performed on the 15th day after caesarean section. Abdominal negative-pressure wound therapy (A-NPWT) of the open abdomen was initiated. During the planned relaparotomy, a suture defect of the anterior uterine wall was identified and sutured. In the second relaparotomy, the suture appeared once more insufficient.

Case presentation
For subsequent IU-NPT, we used an open-pore film drainage (OFD) consisting of a drainage tube wrapped in the double-layered film. The OFD was inserted into the uterine cavity via the uterine defect and IU-NPT was established together with A-NPT. With the next relaparotomy, local inflammation and peritonitis had been resolved completely. IU-NPT was continued transvaginally, the uterine defect was sutured, and the abdomen was closed. Vaginal IU-NPT was also discontinued after another eight days.

Conclusions
By using IU-NPT, local infection control of the septic focus was achieved. The infectious uterine secretions were completely evacuated and no longer discharged into the abdominal cavity. As a result of the applied suction, the uterine cavity collapsed around the inlaid OFD. The total duration of IU-NPT was 11 days. The uterine defect was completely closed, and a hysterectomy was avoided. The patient was discharged four days after the end of IU-NPT. IU-NPT follows the same principles as those described for endoscopic negative-pressure wound therapy of the gastrointestinal tract.
Reduction of a 1,4-diazabutadiene and 2,2’-bipyridine using magnesium(I) compounds
Authors: Yuvaraj K. , Jones Cameron 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

β-diketiminate coordinated magnesium(I) compounds, [{(ArNacnac)Mg}2] (ArNacnac = [(ArNCMe)2CH]– (Ar = 2,6-diisopropylphenyl (Dip) or mesityl (Mes)), have been utilized as reducing agents in reactions with the redox active 1,4-diazabutadiene, (Bu
t
NCH)2 (But
DAB), and 2,2’-bipyrine (bipy). These reactions led to one-electron reductions of the unsaturated substrate, and formation of the highly colored radical complexes, [(ArNacnac) Mg(But
DAB•)] and [(MesNacnac)Mg(bipy•)(bipy)]. The X-ray crystal structures of the compounds reveal each to possess one singly reduced But
DAB or bipy ligand.
„Hat nichts mit Wahrheitsfindung zu tun“
Authors: Lübcke Christian 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Der Kieler Matrosenaufstand von 1918 ist bis heute die größte Meuterei in der deutschen Geschichte. Aus einzelnen Matrosenerhebungen entwickelte sich binnen weniger Tage eine landesweite Revolte in Marine und Heer, die in der Novemberrevolution gipfelte. Die deutsche Militärgeschichtsschreibung hatte jahrzehntelang große Schwierigkeiten mit diesem Ereigniskomplex, wobei das Quellen- und Deutungsmonopol der von Akteuren in Offiziersuniform dominierten amtlichen Kriegshistoriografie stark ins Gewicht fiel. Christian Lübcke kann auf der Basis bislang kaum beachteter Dokumente zeigen, dass in der Weimarer Republik, im Dritten Reich und noch in der jungen Bundesrepublik Sichtweisen dominierten, die wenig mit Wissenschaft, aber umso mehr mit Selbstrechtfertigung, Revisionismus und Apologie zu tun hatten