bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Excuses gemaakt, zand erover?
Authors: Bosma Alice 
Published: February 2020

Apologies offered, end of discussion? – The perception of emotional victims and the expected effects of apologies
Whereas the starting point of victimisation is clearly marked by a co-occurence of harm and wrong, the end of victimhood is not as straightforward. What is more, because victimisation is a social construct, the label of ‘victim’ is established in social interaction, meaning that third party observers have a role in the understanding of the (limits of) victimisation. In this article, I suggest that third party observers may understand attempts at restorative justice, more specifically, an apology, as an indicator of recovery of the victim. If this is true, they may expect the victim to decrease emotional display that signals victimisation after receiving an apology. If the victim continues to display similar signals of victimisation, this may result in negative victim-oriented responses. In an exploratory repeated measures vignette study, I show that third party observers evaluate the victim less positively after the victim received an apology than before they received this apology. The results imply that in understanding the (limits of) victimhood, we should consider the dynamics between victim and offender but also a broader circle of third-party observers. This is also important for restorative justice.
New horizons for treating castration resistant prostate cancer: Bipolar Androgen Therapy
Authors: Isaacsson Velho Pedro Henrique , Marchetti Katia Regina , Souza Gabriel Passos 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACTThe treatment of metastatic prostate cancer has evolved over the decades focusing on manipulation of the androgen receptor pathway with or without chemotherapy. Despite new drugs discovered with incrementing survival benefits, the disease continues to be fatal after development of castration resistance and progression on abiraterone and enzalutamide. In this context, attempts of androgen pathway manipulation have led to the development of the Bipolar Androgen Therapy (BAT), which consists of a rapid transition from a castration state to supraphysiologic levels of testosterone and then back to castration levels. Pilot studies have shown this strategy to be safe and supported the development of further clinical trials. Phase II trials have demonstrated PSA response and disease control in a significant number of patients, including a possible resensitizing effect to enzalutamide. This promising strategy may in the future become another available option for these patients.
Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) treated with 225Ac-PSMA-617. Case report
Authors: Medeiros Rodrigo Bovolin de , Grigolon Marcus Vinicius , Araújo Tatianny Paula , Srougi Miguel 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACTMetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) is an extremely severe disease that relentlessly evolves to death. Over the past few years, we have seen significant improvements in the different types of treatments available, which have positively impacted several clinical outcomes, including higher survival rates and better quality of life. Since Radium-223 approval by FDA in 2013, nuclear medicine has been incorporated to the therapeutic arsenal. Progress in this field have motivated a pursuit for new targeted therapies using radioactive isotopes. Recent reports addressing the first cases treated with this technique are impressive due to the high response rates obtained in refractory patients. Here we report the case of a patient with mCRPC who had been previously treated with several lines of anti-androgen therapy and cytotoxic chemotherapy, recently treated with PSMA labeled with the alpha-emitting radioisotope Actinium-225 (225 Ac).
USE OF DENOSUMAB IN GIANT-CELL TUMOR AT A PUBLIC HOSPITAL IN SOUTHERN BRAZIL: REPORT OF 13 CASES
Authors: Baptista Tamise da Silva , Lima Lucilda Cerqueira , Lino Aline Rocha , Ganev Gerson Gandhi , Kechele Paulo , Oliveira Rita Ferrúa Farias de 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACTGiant-cell tumor is a relatively rare neoplasia, benign but locally aggressive, that causes significant bone destruction with predilection for epiphyseal and metaphyseal regions of long bones and the spine. Definitive treatment is surgical, with complete tumoral resection followed by autograft, homograft, arthrodesis, unconventional endoprostheses or methylmethacrylate. In most cases, surgery is accompanied by high morbidity and variable recurrence rates, depending on the site, size and type of surgical intervention.Denosumab, a RANKL inhibitor, acts by decreasing tumoral osteoclastic activity and is approved by the Food and Drug Administration for treatment of GCT when surgery is not possible or when it is associated with high morbidity. This report of cases is based on the review of medical records from the Ambulatory Service for Adolescents and Young Adults (AYA), aiming to show the experience of the Service with the use of denosumab for neoadjuvant purposes.
How is advanced melanoma treated in the Public Health System in Brazil: a call for change.
Authors: Kaliks Rafael Aliosha , Santos Andre Marques , Matos Tiago Farina , Holtz Luciana 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT
Introduction: Treatment of advanced melanoma has been revolutionized in the last decade. The adoption of new treatments is necessary in order to offer significantly longer survival. Objective: To evaluate how patients are being treated for advanced melanoma at the Public Health System in Brazil. Methods: We evaluated the Authorization of Ambulatory Care Procedure (APAC) related to all patients treated for advanced melanoma between January 2015 and December 2017. We grouped treatments according to their reported efficacy as being inadequate, minimally effective, moderately effective or effective treatments. We evaluated treatments given according to the efficacy, variety of treatments in first line and duration of overall treatment. Results: We analyzed 10,843 APACs, related to the treatment of 4,338 patients. Patients were 57% male, 43% female, 72% were older than 50 years of age. The median number of APACs filled per patient was 2 (ranging from 1 to 15). The mean of different types of treatment prescribed to individual patients was 1.22 (1 - 5). We identified 19 different treatment protocols used as first line, of which 11 consisted of single drug and 8 of drug combinations. Over the two-year period, 3,097 (88%) and 281 (8%) patients initiated treatment with a minimally effective or moderately effective regimen, respectively. Only 0.4% of patients initiated their treatment with an effective therapy. The average length on any treatment was six months. Conclusion: More than 98% of patients treated between 2015 and 2017 for advanced melanoma at the Public Health System in Brazil received minimally effective treatments.
Déconstruire et repenser les fondements du droit international de l’environnement
Authors: Mayrand Hélène 
Published: February 2020

Cet article propose une analyse historique critique du développement du droit international de l’environnement. Il vise à présenter les idéologies qui sont au coeur du projet du droit international de façon plus générale et du droit international de l’environnement en particulier qui font en sorte que ce droit offre peu de solutions pour protéger l’environnement. L’analyse est effectuée en quatre temps. D’abord, l’article se concentre sur la conception influencée par le libéralisme classique de la nature dans le droit international général, en particulier quant au traitement des pêcheries avant que le droit international de l’environnement en tant que discipline distincte émerge dans les années 1970. Ensuite, l’article se tourne vers la naissance de certaines préoccupations environnementales dans le droit international après la Deuxième Guerre mondiale, alors que le droit s’intéresse notamment à la pollution des mers. Durant cette deuxième période, le droit international prend une tangente providentialiste pour s’intéresser aux problèmes environnementaux, mais sans changement notable sur la conception libérale classique de la nature au sein du droit international. Puis, vient le droit international de l’environnement en tant que domaine distinct du droit international dans les années 1970 et 1990. Ce nouveau domaine de droit qui se développe alors s’inscrit en continuité avec les principes libéraux du droit international général, mais il est également influencé par le néolibéralisme en plein essor durant cette période. Finalement et face aux échecs du droit international de l’environnement à résoudre les problèmes pour lesquels il est adopté, l’article présente la Green Legal Theory, une approche critique du droit qui donne certaines pistes pour mener à une révolution du droit de l’environnement.
(Re)monter le cinéma sur le web
Authors: Bonnard Martin 
Published: February 2020

Uneidée de montageénoncée et expérimentée à la fin des années soixante par Sylvie Pierre, Jean Narboni et Jacques Rivette permet d’éclairer sous un nouveau jour les assemblages du numérique, et en particulier ceux entourant les films des catalogues de vidéo par abonnement. Cetteidéevise l’étude du montage des films sur deux niveaux : celui de la juxtaposition des plans et celui de la combinaison exploratoire des films entre eux. Inspiré par cette perspective, à la fois ouverte sur le contexte de circulation des films et sur les principes guidant le montage de chacun d’eux, cet article se penche sur trois mutations de la diffusion du cinéma en ligne : la fragmentation des oeuvres, le rôle de la machine et des algorithmes de recommandation, ainsi que la capacité d’interroger, par le montage, les nouveaux assemblages d’images en réseau.
Association of Clinicopathological Features with Lymph Node Metastasis: A Cross Sectional Study of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients
Authors: Abidi Fizza , Hosein Mervyn , Butt Saima Akram , Zaidi Abeeha Batool , Anjum Angbeen , Fatima Sana 
Published: February 2020

Aims: The aim of this study is to determine association between lymph node metastasis and various clinico-pathological parameters in order to predict their future prognosis of cancer patients.
Study Design: Cross sectional study design.
Place and Duration of Study: Ziauddin Hospital, North Nazimabad campus, Karachi.
Methodology: November 2018 to September 2019.
Results: The present study enrolled 140 OSCC patients visiting Ziauddin University of which 30 (21.4%) were females and 110 (78.6%) were male patients. The mean age of patients was 46.99 ± 12.26. The buccal mucosa was the most common site observed 93 (66.4%). The mean size of tumour was 4.05 ± 2.261 mm, mean thickness was 1.70 ±1.32 mm. It was found that lymph node metastasis was not present in 66 (47.1%) of OSCC cases, 22 (15.7%) cases were found N1, 9(6.4%) N2a, 27(19.3%) N2b, 3 (2.1%) and 13(9.3%) N3.
Significant association was found between age and lymph node metastasis: (P 0.02); however, gender showed no significant association. (P 0.149). Thickness of tumor, site of tumor, peri-neural invasion, lympho-vascular invasion and bone penetration showed significant association with lymph node metastasis with (P 0.040, 0.021, 0.016, 0.00 and 0.001) respectively.
Conclusion: Our study showed significant association of lymph node involvement with tumour staging, tumour thickness, lymphovascular involvement, perineural invasion and bone penetration. Our suggestion is to incorporate these clinic-pathological variables while determining the treatment and prognosis of Oral squamous cell Carcinoma (OSCC). Given the very high incidence and prevalence of Oral Cancer in our country and the region further multi-centered researches should be carried out and with larger sample sizes. Early diagnosis and restrictions on smokeless tobacco products can limit the occurrence and progression of OSCC.
Deterministic Magnetization Switching Using Lateral Spin–Orbit Torque
Authors: Cao Yi , Sheng Yu , Edmonds Kevin William , Ji Yang , Zheng Houzhi , Wang Kaiyou 
Published: February 2020

AbstractCurrent‐induced magnetization switching by spin–orbit torque (SOT) holds considerable promise for next generation ultralow‐power memory and logic applications. In most cases, generation of spin–orbit torques has relied on an external injection of out‐of‐plane spin currents into the magnetic layer, while an external magnetic field along the electric current direction is generally required for realizing deterministic switching by SOT. Here, deterministic current‐induced SOT full magnetization switching by lateral spin–orbit torque in zero external magnetic field is reported. The Pt/Co/Pt magnetic structure is locally annealed by a laser track along the in‐plane current direction, resulting in a lateral Pt gradient within the ferromagnetic layer, as confirmed by microstructure and chemical composition analysis. In zero magnetic field, the direction of the deterministic current‐induced magnetization switching depends on the location of the laser track, but shows no dependence on the net polarization of external out‐of‐plane spin currents. From the behavior under external magnetic fields, two independent mechanisms giving rise to SOT are identified, i.e., the lateral Pt–Co asymmetry as well as out‐of‐plane injected spin currents, where the polarization and the magnitude of the SOT in the former case depends on the relative location and the laser power of the annealing track.
Recent Developments on Emerging Properties, Growth Approaches, and Advanced Applications of Metallic 2D Layered Vanadium Dichalcogenides
Authors: Samal Rutuparna , Rout Chandra Sekhar 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe electronic structures of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) has a strong dependency on the d‐band electrons of the central metal (M) atom. In particular, trigonal prismatic coordinated (2H) and octahedral coordinated (1T) phases with distinct crystal structure‐property relationships. Extraordinarily diverse electrical properties ranging from semiconducting, semimetallic to intrinsic metallic basically underlie from different Fermi level locations. Amid all TMDs, most specifically metallic VX2 possess plenty of interesting physical properties among them superconductivity, electrical conductivity, charge density wave, optical and magnetism etc. have offered intriguing applications in the fields of condensed matter physics, materials and device physics over the last few decades. Further modification of these materials by defect engineering, Li intercalation, electron beam/light irradiation, alloying and dimensional tuning can lead several tunable device applications. Due to their superior mechanical flexibility, controllable electrical properties, planar fabrication and high surface to volume ratio etc., 2D metallic TMDs materials emerge as active material for sensing, energy storage, conversion and field emission applications. This review article aims to provide the insights on the recent developments of different emerging properties, growth approaches and applications of 2D metallic VX2 (X = S, Se and Te) and its heterojunctions.
Fiber‐Optic SERS Probes Fabricated Using Two‐Photon Polymerization For Rapid Detection of Bacteria
Authors: Kim Jang Ah , Wales Dominic J. , Thompson Alex J. , Yang Guang‐Zhong 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis study presents a novel fiber‐optic surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) probe (SERS‐on‐a‐tip) fabricated using a simple, two‐step protocol based on off‐the‐shelf components and materials, with a high degree of controllability and repeatability. Two‐photon polymerization and subsequent metallization are adopted to fabricate a range of SERS arrays on both planar substrates and end‐facets of optical fibers. For the SERS‐on‐a‐tip probes, a limit of detection of 10−7 m (Rhodamine 6G) and analytical enhancement factors of up to 1300 are obtained by optimizing the design, geometry, and alignment of the SERS arrays on the tip of the optical fiber. Furthermore, strong repeatability and consistency are achieved for the fabricated SERS arrays, demonstrating that the technique may be suitable for large‐scale fabrication procedures in the future. Finally, rapid SERS detection of live Escherichia coli cells is demonstrated using integration times in the milliseconds to seconds range. This result indicates strong potential for in vivo diagnostic use, particularly for detection of infections. Moreover, to the best of our knowledge, this represents the first report of detection of live, unlabeled bacteria using a fiber‐optic SERS probe.
Molecular Design of Single‐Atom Catalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Wan Chengzhang , Duan Xiangfeng , Huang Yu 
Published: February 2020

AbstractFuel cells are highly attractive for direct chemical‐to‐electrical energy conversion and represent the ultimate mobile power supply solution. However, presently, fuel cells are limited by the sluggish kinetics of the cathodic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), which requires the use of Pt as a catalyst, thus significantly increasing the overall cost of the cells. Recently, nonprecious metal single‐atom catalysts (SACs) with high ORR activity under both acidic and alkaline conditions have been recognized as promising cost‐effective alternatives to replace Pt in fuel cells. Considerable efforts have been devoted to further improving the ORR activity of SACs, including tailoring the coordination structure of the metal centers, enriching the concentration of the metal centers, and engineering the electronic structure and porosity of the substrate. Herein, a brief introduction to fuel cells and fundamentals of the ORR parameters of SACs and the origin of their high activity is provided, followed by a detailed review of the recently developed strategies used to optimize the ORR activity of SACs in both rotating disk electrode and membrane electrode assembly tests. Remarks and perspectives on the remaining challenges and future directions of SACs for the development of commercial fuel cells are also presented.
Observational learning in food choices: The effect of product familiarity and closeness of peers
Authors: Edenbrandt Anna K. , Gamborg Christian , Jellesmark Thorsen Bo 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe behavior among peers may be interpreted as useful information in individuals' decision processes, although such observational learning is typically not accommodated in consume choice models. This study incorporates information about other consumers' behavior in a choice experiment to evaluate if it affects choice probabilities. Market share is used as a proxy to signal that a product is chosen by many of the individual's peers. Although the effect is associated with diversity, there is a segment of individuals that perceive high market shares to carry relevant information for their food purchasing decision. Respondents who expect to hold similar or more positive preferences towards an unfamiliar food attribute relative to their peers are positively affected by a high market share. Taking information signals from peers' behavior into account may improve understanding of consumer behavior and improve our ability to predict the reception of new food aspects. [EconLit Citations: Q18; D12; D83].
What makes a long tail short? Testing Allen's rule in the toque macaques of Sri Lanka
Authors: Huffman Michael A. , Kumara Raveendra , Kawamoto Yoshi , Jayaweera Prasad M. , Bardi Massimo , Nahallage Charmalie A. D. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAllen's rule (1877) predicts ecogeographical anatomical variation in appendage proportions as a function of body temperature regulation. This phenomenon has been tested in a variety of animal species. In macaques, relative tail length (RTL) is one of the most frequently measured appendages to test Allen's rule. These studies have relied on museum specimens or the invasive and time‐consuming capturing of free‐ranging individuals. To augment sample size and lessen these logistical limitations, we designed and validated a novel noninvasive technique using digitalized photographs processed using LibreCAD, an open‐source 2D‐computer‐aided design (CAD) application. This was used to generate pixelated measurements to calculate an RTL equivalent, the Tail to Trunk Index (TTI) = (tail [tail base to anterior tip] pixel count/trunk [neck to tail base] pixel count). The TTI of 259 adult free‐ranging toque macaques (Macaca sinica) from 36 locations between 7 and 2,087 m above sea level (m.a.s.l.) was used in the analysis. Samples were collected from all three putative subspecies (M. s. sinica, aurifrons, and opisthomelas), at locations representing all altitudinal climatic zones where they are naturally distributed. These data were used to test whether toque macaque tail length variation across elevation follows Allen's rule, predicting that RTL decreases with increasing elevation and lower temperature. Our results strongly supported this prediction. There was also a statistically significant, negative correlation between elevation and annual average temperature. The best predictor for the TTI index was elevation. Significant subspecies differences in RTL are linked in part to their ecological and altitudinal niche separation, but overall the variation is seen as the species' adaptation to climate. The method developed for the quick morphometric assessment of relative body proportions, applicable for use on unhabituated free‐ranging animals, widens the range of materials available for research studying morphological characteristics and their evolution in primates.
Propoxylation of fatty amines: Switching from batch to flow
Authors: Müller Pia , Aguirre Alejo , Ljungdahl Thomas , van der Schaaf John 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe ethoxylation and propoxylation of fatty amines are important industrial reactions commonly performed in de‐intensified semi‐batch reactors. The present study aims to intensify these reactions by transferring the process to continuous processing. Therefore, the propoxylation of octylamine, as model system, was performed in a batch reactor and in a micro tubular reactor. The micro tubular reactor operated with a single liquid phase at 15 bar pressure. The batch study found valuable kinetic and solubility information in the temperature range of 120°C‐160°C. Moreover, a switch‐flow method in the micro tubular reactor combined with inline FTIR gave a more detailed understanding of the reaction kinetics. In the micro tubular reactor, all PO was added in the feed according to stoichiometry, which led to a process intensification factor of 3.7 compared to fed‐batch gas phase addition at maximum 2 bar.
Water Triggers Hydrogen‐Bond‐Network Reshaping in the Glycoaldehyde Dimer
Authors: Pérez Cristóbal , Steber Amanda L. , Temelso Berhane , Kisiel Zbigniew , Schnell Melanie 
Published: February 2020

AbstractCarbohydrates are ubiquitous biomolecules in nature. The vast majority of their biomolecular activity takes place in aqueous environments. Molecular reactivity and functionality are, therefore, often strongly influenced by not only interactions with equivalent counterparts, but also with the surrounding water molecules. Glycoaldehyde (Gly) represents a prototypical system to identify the relevant interactions and the balance that governs them. Here we present a broadband rotational‐spectroscopy study on the stepwise hydration of the Gly dimer with up to three water molecules. We reveal the preferred hydrogen‐bond networks formed when water molecules sequentially bond to the sugar dimer. We observe that the dimer structure and the hydrogen‐bond networks at play remarkably change upon the addition of just a single water molecule to the dimer. Further addition of water molecules does not significantly alter the observed hydrogen‐bond topologies.