bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘Nitrification kinetics and microbial community dynamics of attached biofilm in wastewater treatment’
Authors: Skoyles Adam , Chaganti Subba Rao , Mundle Scott O. C. , Weisener Chris G. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
A comparative bench-scale and field site analysis of BioCord was conducted to investigate seasonal microbial community dynamics and its impact on nitrogen removal in wastewater. This was assessed using metabolite (NO3−) stable isotope analysis, high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene, and RT-qPCR of key genes in biological treatment representing nitrification, anammox, and denitrification. Bench-scale experiments showed an increase in nitrifiers with increasing ammonia loading resulting in an ammonia removal efficiency up to 98 ± 0.14%. Stable isotope analysis showed that 15ɛ and δ18ONO3 could be used in monitoring the efficiency of the enhanced biological nitrification. In the lagoon field trials, an increase in total nitrogen promoted three principle nitrifying genera (Nitrosomonas, Nitrospira, Candidatus Nitrotoga) and enhanced the expression of denitrification genes (nirK, norB, and nosZ). Further, anaerobic ammonia oxidizers were active within BioCord biofilm. Even at lower temperatures (2–6°C) the nitrifying bacteria remained active on the BioCord.
Protection against Mitochondrial Oxidative-Stress by Flesh-Extract of Edible Freshwater Snail Bellamya bengalensis Prevents Arsenic Induced DNA and Tissue Damage
Authors: Ali Sk. Sajed , Medda Nandita , Dutta Sangita M. , Patra Ritesh , Maiti Smarajit 
Published: April 2020

Aims:Arsenic has carcinogenic properties because of the formation of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). ROS damages different macromolecules, tissues and organs, and severely exhausts cellular antioxidants.Background:Cytosolic and mitochondrial contribution of ROS production by arsenic are not well reported. In regard to the issues of therapy against arsenic or any other toxicity, natural product has gained its popularity due to its less side-effects and non-invasive nature.Objectives:Here, as an ethnomedicine, the flesh-extract (BBE; 100mg/100g bw) of Bellamya bengalensis (an aquatic mollusk) was applied in arsenic intoxicated (0.6 ppm/100g bw/for 28 days alone or in combination with BBE) experimental rats. Our objective was to study the anti-oxidative and anti-apoptotic role of BBE in hepato-gastrointestinal tissue damage by arsenic.Methods:DNA fragmentation assay, catalase activity (gel-zymogram assay) suggests that BBE has a strong protective role against arsenic toxicity, which is decisively demonstrated in hepatic histoarchitecture study by HE (hematoxylin and eosin) staining and by intestinal PAS (Periodic Acid Schiff) staining.Results:Measurement of mitochondrial-membrane-potential by fluorescent microcopy clearly demonstrated less membrane damage and lower release of the redox-active inner-membrane product (cytochrome-C, ubiquinone, etc.) in BBE supplemented group compared to that of the only arsenic fed group. The present study clearly suggests that mitochondrial disintegrity is one of the major causes of ROS mediated tissue damage by arsenic.Conclusions:This study also offers an option for prevention/treatment against arsenic toxicity and its carcinogenicity by widely available low-cost, non-invasive Bellamya extract by protecting cytoskeleton, DNA and mitochondria in the cell.
Functional Foods for Management of Diarrhea and Malnutrition in Rats Emphasizing on Nucleotides Role
Authors: Al-Okbi Sahar Youssef , Mohamed Rasha Salah , Al-Siedy Enas Sabry Kotb , Mohammed Shaimaa Elsayed 
Published: April 2020

Background:
Diarrhea and malnutrition are major health problems in developing countries.
Inflammation, high oxidative stress, poor nutritional status, and fatty liver were encountered
during such diseases. Patents for diarrhea and malnutrition management (WO2007/130882A2,
WO00/37106A1, WO2014/152420, and CA2987364A1) were published.

Objective:
The objective was to introduce anti-diarrhea functional foods with a preventive effect on
malnutrition.

Methods:
Two processing techniques were applied for preparing functional foods (formula 1 ingredients
were made into cookies followed by grinding; formula 2 ingredients were pre-cooked, dried,
and mixed in powder form) that were evaluated in a rat model of diarrhea with malnutrition (DM).
Formula 2 was also assessed when mixed with nucleotides. The ingredients were edible plants that
possess an anti-diarrheal effect with high protein sources (legumes and casein).

Results:
Induction of diarrhea with malnutrition, high oxidative stress, inflammation, accumulation
of liver fat, and histopathological changes were demonstrated in DM control compared to normal
control. The functional foods produced variable improvement in growth curves, food efficiency ratio,
hemoglobin, hematocrit and plasma zinc, protein, albumin, globulin, lipase activity, and MDA.
Formula 1 was superior in improving intestinal histopathology while formula 2 was more efficient
in elevating plasma iron. Formula 2 with nucleotides was the best in improving growth curves, alkaline
phosphatase, and reducing liver fat. Intestinal mucosa reduced glutathione and nitrite showed
an efficient significant reduction on treatment with formula 2 with or without nucleotides. The formulas
showed an anti-diarrheal effect by improving feces weight and moisture content.

Conclusion:
Studied functional foods showed an anti-diarrheal effect and malnutrition improvement
with different degrees.
Exploring the Effectiveness of an Integrated Physical Activity and Psychosocial Program Targeting At-Risk Adolescent Girls: Protocol for the Girls United and on the Move (GUM) Intervention Study
Authors: Caperchione Cristina M , Hargreaves Nicole , Sabiston Catherine M , Berg Stephen , Kowalski Kent C , Ferguson Leah J 
Published: April 2020

Background
Adolescents are highly susceptible to negative self-perceptions, likely due to their social cues and environment. The presence of these negative self-perceptions has been shown to adversely impact levels of physical activity (PA). Although PA has the ability to foster improved self-perceptions, the rates of PA among adolescents continue to descend, with girls appearing to be most susceptible to these declines. At-risk adolescent girls, who may experience a number of negative preceding lifestyle conditions, may be exceptionally vulnerable to declines in PA. There are a high number of adolescent girls from low-income and abusive households in British Columbia, Canada, thus indicating a need for a program to relay the importance of PA and healthy lifestyle behaviors.

Objective
This paper aims to describe the protocol of the Girls United and on the Move (GUM) pragmatic intervention, an integrated PA and psychosocial program aimed at improving self-compassion, social connectedness, and overall self-perceptions among at-risk adolescent girls.

Methods
Using a quasi-experimental mixed methods approach, the GUM intervention was conducted in 5 schools in British Columbia, Canada. Adolescent girls aged 11 to 15 years who were identified as at risk were included in the study. The 9-week intervention, co-delivered by a PA/health promotion–trained researcher and a registered social worker, involved a PA component and a psychosocial component with evidence-based topics addressing the concerns of the adolescent girls. The following outcomes were evaluated: PA, self-compassion, social support, leader supportiveness, and sport enjoyment and commitment. Program acceptability and satisfaction was also examined. Outcome measures were assessed at baseline (week 1), week 6, and postintervention (week 9), and interview data concerning program acceptability and satisfaction were collected at postintervention from a subsample of participants.

Results
A total of 101 participants were invited to participate in the GUM intervention. Reporting of the results is projected for the fall of 2020.

Conclusions
It is anticipated that the GUM intervention will enhance PA while also improving self-compassion, social connectedness, and overall self-perceptions among at-risk adolescent girls. The findings of this research will contribute to the literature concerning PA and various psychosocial factors that impact the physical and mental health of at-risk adolescent girls.

Trial Registration
Clinicaltrials.gov NCT03567200; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03567200.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/15302
How Geographical Isolation and Aging in Place Can Be Accommodated Through Connected Health Stakeholder Management: Qualitative Study With Focus Groups
Authors: Chen Sonia Chien-I , Liu Chenglian , Wang Zhenyuan , McAdam Rodney , Brennan Michael , Davey Shirley , Cheng Teng Yuan 
Published: April 2020

Background
In remote areas, connected health (CH) is needed, but as local resources are often scarce and the purchasing power of residents is usually poor, it is a challenge to apply CH in these settings. In this study, CH is defended as a technological solution for reshaping the direction of health care to be more proactive, preventive, and precisely targeted—and thus, more effective.

Objective
The objective of this study was to explore the identity of CH stakeholders in remote areas of Taiwan and their interests and power in order to determine ideal strategies for applying CH. We aimed to explore the respective unknowns and discover insights for those facing similar issues.

Methods
Qualitative research was conducted to investigate and interpret the phenomena of the aging population in a remote setting. An exploratory approach was employed involving semistructured interviews with 22 participants from 8 remote allied case studies. The interviews explored perspectives on stakeholder arrangements, including the power and interests of stakeholders and the needs of all the parties in the ecosystem.

Results
Results were obtained from in-depth interviews and focus groups that included identifying the stakeholders of remote health and determining how they influence its practice, as well as how associated agreements bring competitive advantages. Stakeholders included people in government sectors, industrial players, academic researchers, end users, and their associates who described their perspectives on their power and interests in remote health service delivery. Specific facilitators of and barriers to effective delivery were identified. A number of themes, such as government interests and power of decision making, were corroborated across rural and remote services. These themes were broadly grouped into the disclosure of conflicts of interest, asymmetry in decision making, and data development for risk assessment.

Conclusions
This study contributes to current knowledge by exploring the features of CH in remote areas and investigating its implementation from the perspectives of stakeholder management. It offers insights into managing remote health through a CH platform, which can be used for preliminary quantitative research. Consequently, these findings could help to more effectively facilitate diverse stakeholder engagement for health information sharing and social interaction.
Building a Successful Massive Open Online Course About Multiple Sclerosis: A Process Description
Authors: Claflin Suzi B , Gates Rachael , Maher Maree , Taylor Bruce V 
Published: April 2020

Background
Over the course of a year, we developed and tested a 6-week massive open online course (MOOC) on multiple sclerosis (MS) in consultation with the MS community. The course targeted the MS community and interested laypeople and was titled Understanding MS. The primary purpose of the course was to improve MS knowledge, health literacy, and resilience among participants. The final version of the MOOC made available for open enrollment was ranked first among all MOOCs released in 2019 (n>2400) based on participant reviews.

Objective
The aim of this study was to present a detailed description and assessment of the development process of the Understanding MS MOOC.

Methods
The development process included a course development focus group; the creation of more than 50 content videos and related text, quizzes, activities, and discussion prompts; the creation of original images and animations; a pilot study; and collaborations with people living with MS, MS nurses, allied health care practitioners, and neurologists and researchers from 4 universities.

Results
Overall, the process was efficient and effective. With a few small changes, we recommend this approach to those seeking to develop a similar course. This process led to the development of a highly reviewed MOOC with excellent user satisfaction.

Conclusions
We identified 5 key lessons from this process: (1) community support is essential, (2) stakeholder involvement improves content quality, (3) plan for research from the beginning, (4) coordination between the academic lead and project manager team ensures a consistent voice, and (5) a network of collaborators is a key resource.
Assessment of Patient Satisfaction With Dermatology Clinics According to Clinic Type: Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Costigan Jennifer , Feldman Sue S , Lemak Mark 
Published: April 2020

Background
Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS) survey responses are considered significant indicators of the quality of care and patient satisfaction. There is a pressing need to improve patient satisfaction rates as CAHPS survey responses are considered when determining the amount a facility will be reimbursed by the Centers of Medicare and Medicaid each year. Low overall CAHPS scores for an academic medical center’s dermatology clinics were anecdotally attributed to clinic type. However, it was unclear whether clinic type was contributing to the low scores or whether there were other factors.

Objective
This study aimed to determine where the efforts of patient satisfaction improvement should be focused for two different types of dermatology clinics (private and rapid access clinics).

Methods
This study used a concurrent mixed methods design. Secondary data derived from the University of Alabama at Birmingham Hospital’s Press Ganey website were analyzed for clinic type comparisons and unstructured data were qualitatively analyzed to further enrich the quantitative findings. The University of Alabama at Birmingham Hospital is an academic medical center. The data were analyzed to determine the contributors responsible for each clinic not meeting national benchmarks. Thereafter, a review of these contributing factors was further performed to assess the difference in CAHPS scores between the private and rapid access clinics to determine if clinic type was a contributing factor to the overall scores.

Results
The data sample included 821 responses from May 2017 to May 2018. Overall, when both private clinics and rapid access clinics were viewed collectively, majority of the patients reported stewardship of patient resources as the most poorly rated factor (367/549, 66.8%) and physician communication quality as the most positively rated factor (581/638, 91.0%). However, when private clinics and rapid access clinics were viewed individually, rapid access clinics contributed slightly to the overall lower dermatology scores at the academic medical center.

Conclusions
This study determined that different factors were responsible for lower CAHPS scores for the two different dermatology clinics. Some of the contributing factors were associated with the mission of the clinic. It was suspected that the mission had not been properly communicated to patients, leading to misaligned expectations of care at each clinic.
The Role of Virtual Reality in Improving Health Outcomes for Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Systematic Review
Authors: Dermody Gordana , Whitehead Lisa , Wilson Graham , Glass Courtney 
Published: April 2020

BackgroundVirtual reality (VR) delivered through immersive headsets creates an opportunity to deliver interventions to improve physical, mental, and psychosocial health outcomes. VR app studies with older adults have primarily focused on rehabilitation and physical function including gait, balance, fall prevention, pain management, and cognition. Several systematic reviews have previously been conducted, but much of the extant literature is focused on rehabilitation or other institutional settings, and little is known about the effectiveness of VR apps using immersive headsets to target health outcomes among community-dwelling older adults.ObjectiveThe objective of this review was to evaluate the effectiveness of VR apps delivered using commercially available immersive headsets to improve physical, mental, or psychosocial health outcomes in community-dwelling older adults.MethodsPeer-reviewed publications that included community-dwelling older adults aged ≥60 years residing in residential aged care settings and nursing homes were included. This systematic review was conducted in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology for systematic reviews of effectiveness evidence. The title of this review was registered with JBI, and the systematic review protocol was registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews.ResultsIn total, 7 studies that specifically included community-dwelling older adults were included in this review. VR apps using a head-mounted display led to improvements in a number of health outcomes, including pain management, posture, cognitive functioning specifically related to Alzheimer disease, and a decreased risk of falls. A total of 6 studies reported a statistically significant difference post VR intervention, and 1 study reported an improvement in cognitive function to reduce navigational errors. Only one study reported on the usability and acceptability of the interventions delivered through VR. While one study used a distraction mechanism for pain management, none of the studies used gaming technology to promote enjoyment.ConclusionsInterventions to improve health outcomes through VR have demonstrated potential; however, the ability to synthesize findings by primary outcome for the older adult population is not possible. A number of factors, especially related to frailty, usability, and acceptability, also need to be explored before more substantial recommendations on the effectiveness of VR interventions for older adults can be made.Trial RegistrationPROSPERO CRD42019143504; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=143504
Pembelajaran Audio Visual Dalam Mengembangkan Bahasa Anak Dalam Membaca Al-Qur’an Di Tk Rahmat Damai Aceh
Authors: Fatmawati Fatmawati 
Published: April 2020

The researcher aims to see the language development of children through visual audio with group B children with a sample taken 37 children consisting of one class B1 totaling 19 people who made 10 children as the control class and 18 more as the experimental class. Population and Research SamplesPopulation is all data that researchers pay attention to in a scope, and a predetermined time. In this study the subject is determined as a source of data relevant to the problem under study to study and draw conclusions. The sample is the population or subject chosen and determined as a source of data or sources of information from the study. Sampling is done by purposive sampling technique which means it is a technique of determining the sample with certain considerations. Based on the results of research students in classes B1 and B2 show that 3 students get high test results, then 22 students get test results with enough categories, and 12 students get the test results in the low category, in knowing and how in the paragraph. A student is called complete learning if he / she scores at least 75 of the ideal grade. In a class students are called complete learning if the class there are at least 85% of students who complete. Keywords : Audio visual, develops children's language
Upaya Meningkatkan Kecerdasan Kinestetik Anak Usia Dini Melalui Kegiatan Menari Pada Kelompok B di RA Al-Ikhlas Medan
Authors: Majdah Khotimatul 
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan Kecerdasan Kinestetik anak usia dini melalui kegiatan menari pada kelompok B di RA Al-Ikhlas Medan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada kelompok B di RA Al-Ikhlas Medan dengan jumlah 13 orang anak yang dilaksanakan pada semester II T.A 2017/2018. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian tindakan kelas partisipan. Penelitian ini terdiri dari dua siklus, masing-masing siklus terdiri dari 3 kali pertemuan. Analisis data menggunakan data kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Analisis data kuantitatif dengan statistik deskriptif yaitu membandingkan hasil yang diperoleh dari Pra Siklus, Siklus pertama dan Siklus kedua. Analisis data kualitatif dengan cara menganalisis data dari hasil observasi selama penelitian. Pada pra siklus 23,1%, siklus I meningkat menjadi 38,5% dan siklus II menjadi 84,6%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan kecerdasan kinestetik anak usia dini pada kelompok B yang dilakukan melalui kegiatan menari.
AVALIAÇÃO DO ATENDIMENTO AMBULATORIAL DO HOSPITAL UNIVERSITÁRIO CLEMENTINO FRAGA FILHO
Authors: Oliveira Renata Pereira , Monteiro Paulo Roberto De Sousa , Ribeiro Antonio José Marinho , Reis Augusto Da Cunha , Dias Ana Cláudia 
Published: April 2020

O atendimento aos pacientes no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) envolve aspectos diversos de qualidade e humanização de forma a garantir a boa prestação do serviço. O presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar o nível de satisfação dos usuários atendidos no ambulatório do Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho que atende por dia aproximadamente 1.500 usuários do SUS.
Como procedimento metodológico utilizou-se uma pesquisa exploratória por meio de entrevista com a responsável pela gestão do ambulatório e pesquisa documental que envolveu a análise dos dados gerados no ano de 2017 registrados no setor da ouvidoria do hospital. Como resultado, este trabalho retrata na literatura um estudo de caso em um hospital brasileiro que apresenta um bom exemplo de atendimento a população local. Apesar da carência do sistema de saúde brasileiro e limitações de recursos financeiros, profissionais e estruturais, o hospital de estudo segue os princípios do SUS de garantir o acesso integral e universal aos usuários do Sistema Único de Saúde.
COMPORTAMENTO DO CONSUMIDOR FRENTE À RUPTURA DE ESTOQUE DE UMA EMPRESA VAREJISTA
Authors: Barrichello Alcides , De Aguiar Fernando Henrique Olliveira , Morano Rogério Scabim , Abreu Evelyn Pereira de , Wilson Milca Marques , Nazareth Nayara Nogueira , Nazareth Rafael Nogueira 
Published: April 2020

A ruptura de estoque vem sendo um dos principais desafios que os varejistas têm enfrentado nos últimos anos. O índice de ruptura de estoque permanece em 8% e estudos têm sido realizados para analisar a reação do consumidor frente à indisponibilidade de um produto. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar o comportamento dos consumidores diante da ruptura de estoque de algumas categorias de produtos em uma rede varejista. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de questionários estruturados. Para análise foi utilizada a técnica estatística multivariada regressão logística. Os resultados mostraram não haver influência estatisticamente significante de sexo, faixa etária, preferência por marca, frequência de compra e planejamento de compra com antecedência sobre a decisão do consumidor quando ele se depara com ausência do produto de seu interesse na loja visitada. Por outro lado, quando a loja sob análise era a primeira opção de compra do consumidor ao pensar na aquisição do produto, os consumidores de produto com alto valor agregado mostraram fidelidade à loja, mesmo em detrimento da marca inicialmente escolhida como a preferida. No caso de item de baixo valor agregado, tal comportamento não se verificou. Tal conclusão tem implicações gerenciais pois mostra que, para produtos de alto valor agregado, a loja exerce uma influência importante sobre a decisão de compra do consumidor, mesmo quando ele inicialmente tem interesse em uma marca específica. Assim, foco na fidelização do cliente ao ponto de venda pode, em alguns casos, ser mais significativo até do que a fidelidade à marca.