bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effective synthesis of green nano‐sized ceramic pigments by co‐doping Zn2+, Cr3+ and Sm3+ into the cobalt‐aluminate
Authors: Zhang Yanhui , Zhao Yingxian , Wang Zhifeng , Shang Longan 
Published: May 2020

AbstractA green nano‐sized ceramic pigment Co0.6Zn0.4Al0.8Cr1.2‐xSmxO4 has been successfully prepared by doping ions Zn2+, Cr3+, and Sm3+ into the crystalline CoAl2O4 spinel and using the complex‐gel method along with agar as complexing and combustion agent. The Infrared Spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, Thermo‐gravimeter, High resolution transmission electron microscopy, Automatic color reader, and UV Vis diffuse reflectance were applied to characterize the pigment power and its gel precursor. The results reveal that the introduction of Zn2+, Cr3+, and Sm3+ could change the occupation status of ions in the tetrahedral and octahedral framework of CoAl2O4 spinel, leading to the colorant variation of the blue cobalt pigment CoAl2O4, With increasing the content of Sm3+ ion, the reflection peak position of the pigments in visible spectrum appeared a red‐shift, ie the color transition from blue green to yellow green, and the average reflectivity in the violet region decreased to 13.31%, and the band gap energy also changed from 3.47 to 3.20 eV. This illustrates the better UV absorption of this green pigment and can be used as UV shielding material. With the hydrochloric acid or sodium hydroxide solution treatment, this pigment was found to be durable in chemical stability.
Timing and distribution of early renal cell carcinoma recurrences stratified by pathological nodal status in M0 patients at the time of nephrectomy
Authors: Yang David Y , Potretzke Theodora A , Miest Tanner S , Bhindi Bimal , Lohse Christine M , Cheville John C , King Bernard F , Boorjian Stephen A , Leibovich Bradley C , Thompson R Houston , Potretzke Aaron M 
Published: May 2020

ObjectivesTo evaluate the timing and distribution of first renal cell carcinoma metastasis after nephrectomy stratified by nodal status.MethodsWe evaluated patients treated with nephrectomy for sporadic, unilateral renal cell carcinoma between 1970 and 2011 who subsequently developed distant metastasis to three or fewer sites. Site‐specific metastases‐free 2‐year survival rates were estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method. Associations of nodal status with time to metastasis were evaluated using multivariable Cox regression models.ResultsA total of 1049 patients met the inclusion criteria (135 pN1, 914 pN0/x patients). The median time to identification of first distant metastasis for pN1 patients was 0.4 years (interquartile range 0.2–1.1 years) versus 2.2 years (interquartile range 0.6–6.0 years) in pN0/x patients. The most common site of metastasis was to the lung, but this occurred earlier in pN1 patients (median 0.3 years vs 2.0 years). pN1 was associated with significantly lower site‐specific 2‐year metastases‐free survival when compared with pN0/x for lung (37% vs 70%, P < 0.001), bone (63% vs 87%, P < 0.001), non‐regional lymph nodes (60% vs 96%, P < 0.001) and liver metastases (79% vs 91%, P < 0.001). On multivariable analysis, pN1 status remained significantly associated with lung, bone, and non‐regional lymph node (all P < 0.001) metastases, but it was no longer associated with liver metastases (P = 0.3).ConclusionspN1 nodal status in M0 patients treated with nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma is associated with more frequent early metastasis to sites conferring poor prognosis when compared with pN0/x. Our findings highlight the importance of rigorous, early surveillance though the multimodal use of a comprehensive history, physical, laboratory and radiological studies, as outlined in societal guidelines.
First dental visit of children—A mixed‐method approach
Authors: Viswanath Sudhandra , Asokan Sharath , Pollachi‐Ramakrishnan GeethaPriya 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundFirst dental visit (FDV), the essence of preventive paediatric dentistry, has a significant impact on the child's oral health. Mixed‐method research provides meaningful insight into the multiple facets of FDV.AimTo evaluate the average age and most common reason for FDV of children in Namakkal district and to explore the individual perceptions of parent's view on their child's FDV.MethodSequential mixed‐method approach was employed. A cross‐sectional questionnaire survey on FDV was conducted among 4543 parents of children <6 years. The second phase included a semi‐structured face‐to‐face qualitative interview for 10 parents.ResultsOut of 4543 children, only 31.0% had FDV. Majority of children (49.0%) had FDV after 5 years of age. Dental caries was the most common reason for FDV (75.0%). Three themes were derived from the interviews, namely FDV experiences, barriers to child dental care, and solutions for an early dental visit.ConclusionChildren in Namakkal district had delayed FDV (>5 years). The most common reason for FDV was dental caries. Lack of knowledge, lack of interdisciplinary practices, and social and financial barriers seem to have influenced the FDV of lack of knowledge these children.
Kaempferol blocks neutrophil extracellular traps formation and reduces tumour metastasis by inhibiting ROS‐PAD4 pathway
Authors: Zeng Jie , Xu Han , Fan Pei‐zhi , Xie Jing , He Jie , Yu Jie , Gu Xianwen , Zhang Chao‐jie 
Published: May 2020

AbstractKaempferol (kaem) is a dietary flavonoid found in a variety of fruits and vegetables. The inhibitory effects of kaem on primary tumour growth have been extensively investigated; however, its effects on tumour metastasis are largely unknown. In the present study, we found that kaem significantly suppresses both primary tumour growth and lung metastasis in mouse breast tumour model. Furthermore, decreased expression of citrullinated histone H3 (H3‐cit), a biomarker of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), had been founded in metastatic lung upon treated with kaem. The reduction of H3‐cit is not, however, due to the cytotoxicity of kaem on neutrophils since the frequency of CD11b+Ly6G+ neutrophils did not change in lung, tumour or blood in the presence of kaem. We then confirm the anti‐NETs effects of kaem in vitro by co‐culturing mouse neutrophils and kaem. Supplementing the neutrophils with GSK484, a potent NET inhibitor, totally abrogated the inhibitory effects of kaem on tumour metastasis while having little or no impact on primary tumour growth, indicating the specificity of kaem acting on NET formation and tumour metastasis. We also found that kaem suppressed ROS production in mouse bone‐marrow derived neutrophils. Supplementing with the ROS scavenger DPI abrogated kaem's effects on NET formation, suggesting the involvement of kaempferol in NADPH/ROS‐NETs signalling. Finally, we applied the kaem on NET‐deficient PAD4‐/‐ mice and found decreased primary tumour volume and weight but similar lung metastatic tumour with kaempferol treatment. Therefore, our findings reveal a novel mechanism of kaem in breast cancer development by targeting NETs induced tumour metastasis.
Disparate effects of adalimumab and fumaric acid esters on cardiovascular risk factors in psoriasis patients: results from a prospective, randomized, observer‐blinded head‐to‐head trial
Authors: Holzer G. , Hoke M. , Sabeti‐Sandor S. , Perkmann T. , Rauscher A. , Strassegger B. , Radakovic S. , Tanew A. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe effect of adalimumab and fumaric acid esters (FAE) on the cardiovascular risk associated with psoriasis has only been investigated scarcely in randomized controlled studies.ObjectiveThe aim of this prospective, randomized controlled head‐to‐head trial was to compare the influence of adalimumab and FAE on cardiovascular disease markers in psoriasis patients.MethodsSixty‐five patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis were randomly assigned to adalimumab or FAE treatment for 6 months. Cardiovascular haemodynamic parameters [flow‐mediated dilation (FMD), nitro‐glycerine mediated dilation (NMD) and carotid intima–media thickness (CIMT), blood pressure] were assessed at baseline (v0) and after 6 months (v6). Cutaneous disease severity, inflammatory and lipid cardiovascular risk markers were analysed at baseline(v0), after 3 (v3) and 6 months (v6).ResultsAfter 6 months of treatment FMD in the adalimumab group increased significantly [v0 5.9% (6.4% SD), v6 8.0% (4.8% SD), P = 0.048) but not in the FAE group. (v0 7.0% (4.1% SD), v6 8.4% (6.1% SD), P = 0.753]. This was paralleled by a significant decrease of high sensitive C‐reactive protein (hsCRP) in the adalimumab group in comparison to the FAE group (v0: 0.39 mg/dL (0.38 SD), v6: 0.39 mg/dL (0.48 SD), P = 0.043). No significant changes were observed in any other haemodynamic parameters. FAE, however, additionally decreased total cholesterol (P = 0.046) and apolipoprotein B (P = 0.041) levels compared to adalimumab. Mean Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (psoriasis area severity score) reduction was greater but not significant (P = 0.116) under adalimumab treatment compared to FAE treatment [−71.1% (29.9 SD) vs. −54.6% (45.7%)].ConclusionIn our study, both treatments were documented to exert effects on the cardiovascular system. While adalimumab showed anti‐inflammatory effects and improved FMD, FAE interacted favourably with the cholesterol metabolism.
Death feigning as an adaptive anti‐predator behaviour: Further evidence for its evolution from artificial selection and natural populations
Authors: Konishi Kana , Matsumura Kentarou , Sakuno Wataru , Miyatake Takahisa 
Published: May 2020

AbstractDeath feigning is considered to be an adaptive antipredator behaviour. Previous studies on Tribolium castaneum have shown that prey which death feign have a fitness advantage over those that do not when using a jumping spider as the predator. Whether these effects are repeatable across species or whether they can be seen in nature is, however, unknown. Therefore, the present study involved two experiments: (a) divergent artificial selection for the duration of death feigning using a related species T. freemani as prey and a predatory bug as predator, demonstrating that previous results are repeatable across both prey and predator species, and (b) comparison of the death‐feigning duration of T. castaneum populations collected from field sites with and without predatory bugs. In the first experiment, T. freemani adults from established selection regimes with longer durations of death feigning had higher survival rates and longer latency to being preyed on when they were placed with predatory bugs than the adults from regimes selected for shorter durations of death feigning. As a result, the adaptive significance of death‐feigning behaviour was demonstrated in another prey–predator system. In the second experiment, wild T. castaneum beetles from populations with predators feigned death longer than wild beetles from predator‐free populations. Combining the results from these two experiments with those from previous studies provided strong evidence that predators drive the evolution of longer death feigning.
Polyethylene glycol versus split high‐dose senna for bowel preparation: A comparative prospective randomized study
Authors: Coskun Yusuf , Yuksel Ilhami 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackground and AimThe aim of this study was to compare the quality and tolerability of bowel preparation using split high‐doses of sennosides versus split‐dose polyethylene glycol (PEG).MethodsIn this prospective, randomized, and endoscopist‐blinded study, 474 outpatients were included and randomly assigned to two groups: Group 1 was comprised of 237 patients receiving split high‐dose (1000 mg) sennoside solutions, and group 2 included 237 patients receiving 4 L of PEG. The efficacy of the preparations was evaluated on the Boston Bowel Preparation Scale (BBPS), and compliance and adverse effects were recorded.ResultsThe quality of colon cleansing and the ease of bowel preparation were significantly better in the senna group; the mean of total BBPS scores was 7.35 in the senna group and 6.57 in the PEG group, cleansing was adequate (BBPS score ≥ 6) in 89.9% of patients taking senna, and 73.8% in the PEG group (P = 0.001). The rates of vomiting in the senna and PEG groups were 12.7% and 29.5%, nausea rates were 28.7% and 43.9%, and abdominal pain rates were 70.9% and 43%, respectively (P < 0.001). Cecal intubation rates in the senna and PEG groups were 95.4% and 86.1% (P = 0.001), and the cecal intubation times were 6.73 ± 2.84 and 5.34 ± 5.98 min, respectively (P = 0.001).ConclusionsSplit high‐dose senna is more effective than split‐dose PEG in terms of bowel preparation quality and patient compliance. The patients who received senna had significantly less vomiting and nausea but significantly more abdominal pain. Thus, senna may be used as an alternative to PEG for bowel preparation.
Inhibition of gastric cancer cell apoptosis by long noncoding RNA TRPM2‐AS via mitogen‐activated protein kinase and activators of transduction‐3
Authors: Zhang Xianqin , Jiang Yuyou , Xie Yan , Leng Xue , He Min , Song Fangzhou 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackground and AimLong noncoding RNA TRPM2‐AS has emerged as a novel regulator in cancer initiation and progression of various cancers. However, the function and underlying mechanism of TRPM2‐AS in the progression of gastric cancer (GC) remain poorly understood.MethodsGEO and TCGA databases were used for isolation of differential lncRNA expression. TRPM2‐AS expression levels in GC tissues and cells were measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction method. TRPM2‐AS subcellular location was detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis. The functional roles of TRPM2‐AS in cells were analyzed by loss and gain function assays.ResultsBy using bioinformatics and quantitative polymerase chain reaction methods, TRPM2‐AS expression levels were proved to be upregulated in GSE70880 dataset, TCGA database, and 26 GC tissues, which was partly induced by SP1. The results of clinical assays showed that TRPM2‐AS could be an indicator for early‐stage GC diagnosis. Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis showed that TRPM2‐AS was located in both nucleus and cytoplasm. Functional experiments displayed that knockdown of TRPM2‐AS inhibited proliferation, migration, and invasion in GC cells. Furthermore, depression of TRPM2‐AS suppressed cell growth though promotion of cell apoptosis. The expression levels of cleaved PARP, caspase 9, caspase 3, and Bax were significantly increased in BGC823 with TRPM2‐AS knockdown. In addition, knockdown of TRPM2‐AS reduced and phosphorylate signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 and increased and phosphorylate p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that SP1‐regulated TRPM2‐AS is involved in GC cell apoptosis probably via p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 pathways, indicating that TRPM2‐AS might be a potential therapeutic target in GC.
Anatomy of the female pelvic nerves: a macroscopic study of the hypogastric plexus and their relations and variations
Authors: Aurore Valerie , Röthlisberger Raphael , Boemke Nane , Hlushchuk Ruslan , Bangerter Hannes , Bergmann Mathias , Imboden Sara , Mueller Michael D. , Eppler Elisabeth , Djonov Valentin 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe autonomic nerves of the lesser pelvis are particularly prone to iatrogenic lesions due to their exposed position during manifold surgical interventions. Nevertheless, the cause of rectal and urinary incontinence or sexual dysfunctions, for example after rectal cancer resection or hysterectomy, remains largely understudied, particularly with regard to the female pelvic autonomic plexuses. This study focused on the macroscopic description of the superior hypogastric plexus, hypogastric nerves, inferior hypogastric plexus, the parasympathetic pelvic splanchnic nerves and the sympathetic fibres. Their arrangement is described in relation to commonly used surgical landmarks such as the sacral promontory, ureters, uterosacral ligaments, uterine and rectal blood vessels. Thirty‐one embalmed female pelvises from 20 formalin‐fixed and 11 Thiel‐fixed cadavers were prepared. In all cases explored, the superior hypogastric plexus was situated anterior to the bifurcation of the abdominal aorta. In 60% of specimens, it reached the sacral promontory, whereas in 40% of specimens, it continued across the pelvic brim until S1. In about 25% of the subjects, we detected an accessory hypogastric nerve, which has not been systematically described so far. It originated medially from the inferior margin of the superior hypogastric plexus and continued medially into the presacral space. The existence of an accessory hypogastric nerve was confirmed during laparoscopy and by histological examination. The inferior hypogastric plexuses formed fan‐shaped plexiform structures at the end of both hypogastric nerves, exactly at the junction of the ureter and the posterior wall of the uterine artery at the uterosacral ligament. In addition to the pelvic splanchnic nerves from S2–S4, which joined the inferior hypogastric plexus, 18% of the specimens in the present study revealed an additional pelvic splanchnic nerve originating from the S1 sacral root. In general, form, breadth and alignment of the autonomic nerves displayed large individual variations, which could also have a clinical impact on the postoperative function of the pelvic organs. The study serves as a basis for future investigations on the autonomic innervation of the female pelvic organs.
False (and Missed) Discoveries in Financial Economics
Authors: HARVEY CAMPBELL R. , LIU YAN 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACTMultiple testing plagues many important questions in finance such as fund and factor selection. We propose a new way to calibrate both Type I and Type II errors. Next, using a double‐bootstrap method, we establish a t‐statistic hurdle that is associated with a specific false discovery rate (e.g., 5%). We also establish a hurdle that is associated with a certain acceptable ratio of misses to false discoveries (Type II error scaled by Type I error), which effectively allows for differential costs of the two types of mistakes. Evaluating current methods, we find that they lack power to detect outperforming managers.
Prenatal nicotine exposure affects cardiovascular function and growth of the developing fetus
Authors: Aoyagi Yoshimichi , Momoi Nobuo , Kanai Yuji , Go Hayato , Abe Yusaku , Miyazaki Kyohei , Tomita Yoichi , Hayashi Mariko , Endo Kisei , Mitomo Masaki , Hosoya Mitsuaki 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAimEffects of nicotine on fetal hemodynamics are not well known, especially in the first trimester fetus. We investigated the acute and chronic effects of nicotine on hemodynamics in pregnant mice and their fetuses using ultrasound. Postnatal health status including growth and hemodynamics was also examined.MethodsTo investigate the acute effects of nicotine on fetal hemodynamics, we injected nicotine 0.2 mg/kg subcutaneously into pregnant mice on gestational days (GD) 9.5, 11.5 and 13.5 and compared with saline‐injected group. To determine the chronic effects of nicotine on fetal hemodynamics, we administered nicotine in drinking water (0.1 mg/mL) to pregnant mice from GD 6.5 until they gave birth and compared hemodynamics with water‐administered mice.ResultsRegarding the acute effects of nicotine, we found no intergroup difference in maternal hemodynamics; however, fetal blood flow through the dorsal aorta, carotid artery and umbilical artery tended to decrease, particularly on GD 11.5. Regarding the chronic effects of nicotine, we observed no intergroup difference in maternal body weight changes and hemodynamics; however, blood flow to all fetal organs tended to be lower in the nicotine water group than in the water group with significant difference on GD 13.5. The offspring of the nicotine water group had significantly low birth weights and continued to have low body weight until 9 weeks of age. In addition, these offspring developed postnatal cardiac hypertrophy.ConclusionNicotine adversely affects fetal hemodynamics acutely and chronically in early pregnancy, potentially leading to fetal tissue hypoxia, intrauterine growth restriction and adverse postnatal health effects.
Prognostic factors in women with cervical cancer stage IIIC1r treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Ryu Jung Min , Choi Yoon Seok , Bae Jin Young 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAimThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the prognostic factors of patients with stage IIIC1r cervical cancer who underwent concurrent chemoradiotherapy.MethodsA total of 134 patients treated with chemoradiotherapy for cervical cancer with pelvic and/or paraaortic lymph node metastasis (PALNM) were enrolled in this study. Clinical variables were investigated through review of the patients' medical records.ResultsThe 5‐year overall survival (OS) rate in patients with stage IIICr cervical cancer was 70.5%. Age, PALNM, parametrial invasion, T stage, pelvic side wall invasion, differentiation, lymphovascular space involvement and high squamous cell carcinoma antigen level (>8 ng/mL) were prognostic factors for survival. The 5‐year OS rate of patients with stage IIIC1r was 74.5%, and that of stage IIIC2r was 38.1% (P‐value = 0.012). The 5‐year OS rate of patients with stage IIIC1r with the presence of pelvic side wall invasion was 48.3% and that in its absence was 83.0% (P‐value < 0.001). The 5‐year OS rate of patients with stage IIIC1r with the presence of parametrial invasion was 68.9% and that in its absence was 82.4% (P‐value = 0.031). In multivariable analysis via backward conditional modeling, age, PALNM and pelvic side wall invasion were independent prognostic factors for survival of stage IIICr. Age and pelvic side wall invasion were independent prognostic factors for survival of stage IIIC1r cervical cancer.ConclusionIn stage IIICr cervical cancer, patients with PALNM, and/or pelvic side wall invasion can expect to have a poor prognosis. Particularly, pelvic side wall invasion in stage IIIC1r is an independent prognosis factor.
Contextual and Interactional Approaches to Advancing Leadership and Entrepreneurship Research
Authors: Pollack Jeffrey M. , Carr Jon C. , Corbett Andrew C. , Hoyt Crystal L. , Kellermanns Franz W. , Kirkman Bradley L. , Post Corinne 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn this introductory article for the special issue of Journal of Management Studies, entitled ‘Leading Entrepreneurial Ventures: Individual and Team‐Based Perspectives’, we leverage insights in the extant literature as well as those insights developed by the authors of the four articles published in response to our call for papers. Overall, we explore multiple nuanced questions with regards to research on entrepreneurship, research on leadership, and their intersection. Our goal is to begin to help guide research on entrepreneurship and leadership, and their intersection, for the next decade.