bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phase Modeling of the TRAPPIST-1 Planetary Atmospheres
Authors: Kane Stephen R. , Jansen Tiffany , Fauchez Thomas , Selsis Franck , Ceja Alma Y. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Transiting compact multiplanet systems provide many unique opportunities to characterize the planets, including studies of size distributions, mean densities, orbital dynamics, and atmospheric compositions. The relatively short orbital periods in these systems ensure that events requiring specific orbital locations of the planets (such as primary transit and secondary eclipse points) occur with high frequency. The orbital motion and associated phase variations of the planets provide a means to constrain the atmospheric compositions through measurement of their albedos. Here we describe the expected phase variations of the TRAPPIST-1 system and times of superior conjunction when the summation of phase effects produce maximum amplitudes. We also describe the infrared flux emitted by the TRAPPIST-1 planets and the influence on the overall phase amplitudes. We further present the results from using the global circulation model ROCKE-3D to model the atmospheres of TRAPPIST-1e and TRAPPIST-1f assuming modern Earth and Archean atmospheric compositions. These simulations are used to calculate predicted phase curves for both reflected light and thermal emission components. We discuss the detectability of these signatures and the future prospects for similar studies of phase variations for relatively faint M stars.
Differential Modeling Systematics across the HR Diagram from Asteroseismic Surface Corrections
Authors: Ong 王 J. M. Joel 加冕 , Basu Sarbani , McKeever Jean M. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Localized modeling error in the near-surface layers of evolutionary stellar models causes the frequencies of their normal modes of oscillation to differ from those of actual stars with matching interior structures. These frequency differences are referred to as the asteroseismic surface term. Global stellar properties estimated via detailed constraints on individual mode frequencies have previously been shown to be robust with respect to different parameterizations of this surface term. It has also been suggested that this may be true of a broader class of nonparametric treatments. We examine systematic differences in inferred stellar properties with respect to different surface-term treatments, both for a statistically large sample of main-sequence stars, as well as for a sample of red giants, for which no such characterization has previously been done. For main-sequence stars, we demonstrate that while masses and radii, and hence ages, are indeed robust to the choice of surface term, the inferred initial helium abundance Y
0 is sensitive to the choice of surface correction. This implies that helium-abundance estimates returned from detailed asteroseismology are methodology dependent. On the other hand, for our red giant sample, nonparametric surface corrections return dramatically different inferred stellar properties than parametric ones do. The nature of these differences suggests that such nonparametric methods should be preferred for evolved stars; this should be verified on a larger sample.
Intergalactic Medium Dispersion Measures of Fast Radio Bursts Estimated from IllustrisTNG Simulation and Their Cosmological Applications
Authors: Zhang Z. J. , Yan K. , Li C. M. , Zhang G. Q. , Wang F. Y. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are millisecond-duration radio transients and can be used as a cosmological probe. However, the dispersion measure (DM) contributed by the intergalactic medium (IGM) is hard to distinguish from other components. In this paper, we use the IllustrisTNG simulation to realistically estimate DMIGM up to z ∼ 9. We find

pc cm−3 at z = 1. The probability distribution of DMIGM can be well fitted by a quasi-Gaussian function with a long tail. The tail is caused by structures along the line of sight in the IGM. Subtracting DM contributions from the Milky Way and host galaxy for localized FRBs, the DMIGM value is close to that given by the derived DMIGM–z relation. We also show the ability to constrain the cosmic reionization history with DMIGM of high-redshift FRBs in the IllustrisTNG universe. The derived DMIGM–z relation at high redshifts can be well fitted by a tanh reionization model with the reionization redshift z = 5.95, which is compatible with the reionization model used by the IllustrisTNG simulation. DMIGM of high-redshift FRBs also provides an independent way to measure the optical depth of the cosmic microwave background. Our result can be used to derive the pseudo-redshifts of nonlocalized FRBs for DMIGM < 4000 pc cm−3.
Le système de pouvoir en Algérie, son origine et ses évolutions
Authors: Addi Lahouari 
Published: January 2021

Cet article montre que l’Algérie postcoloniale a mis en place un système politique qui a sa rationalité mais qui a perdu de sa cohérence avec l’usure du pouvoir. Pendant six décennies, l’élite dirigeante se prévalait de la légitimité historique dont l’efficacité a décliné avec le renouvellement des générations. Ayant refusé l’alternance électorale, la liberté de la presse et l’autonomie de la justice, le système a évolué vers une corruption généralisée qui a concerné aussi bien les civils que les militaires. En février 2019, une protestation pacifique, appelée hirak, a éclaté à l’échelle nationale, demandant la fin du rôle politique de l’armée dans l’Etat.
Quelle contre-révolution en Tunisie et en Égypte ? L’héritage du RCD et du PND dans les systèmes partisans et le secteur de l’économie informelle
Authors: Steuer Clément , Doron Adrien 
Published: January 2021

Le Rassemblement constitutionnel démocratique (RCD) en Tunisie, et le Parti national démocratique (PND) en Égypte, ont dominé la vie politique de leurs pays respectifs durant plusieurs décennies. À la veille de la révolution, ces deux partis constituaient à la fois l’espace dans lequel s’affrontaient les projets de société concurrents portés par les élites, et l’un des principaux liens entre le régime et la société. La crise de ces deux fonctions (réformatrice et clientéliste) explique l’inaptitude de ces deux formations à survivre dans le contexte d’ouverture politique consécutif à la chute des dictateurs. Dans cette perspective, leur dissolution par la justice a probablement accéléré leur dislocation plutôt qu’elle ne l’a provoquée. En effet, la lutte intestine opposant – au sein de chacune de ces deux formations – conservateurs et réformateurs s’est traduite dans ce nouveau contexte par la mise en concurrence sur le marché électoral de différents projets de restauration autoritaire ou de réformes graduelles du régime. Par ailleurs, l’absence de ligne idéologique claire manifestée par ces deux partis a favorisé la dispersion d’une partie de leur clientèle et leur réalignement sur des lignes de clivage fonctionnelles ou culturelles. Les réseaux informels liés aux anciens partis ont néanmoins su survivre dans le champ économique, au prix d’une recomposition.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Study of Laboratory Staff Toward Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus
Authors: Al-Motiri Nabeelah M. , Khan Samina A. , Khan Anas A. 
Published: January 2021

Background:
The Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is one of the most commonly prevalent and a highly pathogenic human coronavirus. The infection may lead to severe acute respiratory illness in a large proportion of affected individuals, with a high mortality rate. The processes and procedures involved in the management of patients could significantly improve the disease outcome. The purpose of the study was multifold: (1) to assess the actual knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) toward MERS-CoV infection and (2) to determine the factors affecting KAP among the medical laboratory staff in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Both the aims would collectively help in designing effective policies in our fight against the evolving coronavirus disease.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional anonymous survey was conducted among medical laboratory staff associated with tertiary health-care hospitals between October and December 2018. The participants were invited to complete a self-administered questionnaire about MERS-CoV infection. The association between KAP score and potential dependent variables was computed using multivariable linear regression model.

Results:
A total of 180 participants (57.8%) completed the survey. Our univariate analysis demonstrated that experience and education of an individual played a significant role in determining knowledge and attitude scores, respectively. On the other hand, practice score of an individual was shaped by age, profession, and department. Finally, our multivariate analysis regression analysis showed that staff with a bachelor's degree and those with a minimum laboratory experience of 15–20 years scored significantly higher KAP scores with respect to other individuals (P = 0.019 and P = 0.026).

Conclusion:
Our study identified alarming gaps in KAP toward MERS-CoV among different individuals. Furthermore, data collected in the present study might help to define strategies required to establish professional education programs for training medical laboratory staff.
Novel BEST1 mutation in autosomal recessive bestrophinopathy in Japanese siblings
Authors: Yamada Rika , Takagi Rina , Iwamoto Sadahiko , Shimada Shoichi , Kakehashi Akihiro 
Published: January 2021

PURPOSE:
Autosomal recessive bestrophinopathy (ARB) is a disease that results from the mutations in the BEST1 gene. It is characterized by multifocal yellowish lipofuscin deposits, cystoid macular edema, and subretinal fluid. Among approximately 270 BEST1 mutations, only 40 that include both heterozygous and homozygous mutations are associated with ARB. However, very few ARB-related mutations have been reported in the Japanese population. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to identify BEST1 mutations and describe the genotype–phenotype relationship in Japanese dizygotic twins presenting with ARB.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
We performed clinical examinations in Japanese dizygotic twin patients (male: 29 years) with ARB as well as whole-exome sequencing in seven family members of these twins.

RESULTS:
In this study, we have reported on a novel BEST1 mutation, the p. Phe151Cys mutation, associated with ARB in Japanese dizygotic twins who had bi-allelic p. Ala160Pro mutations in BEST1. The clinical features observed were binocular abnormalities of the fundus, such as multifocal yellowish subretinal deposits, cystoid macular edema, and subretinal fluid. The full-field electroretinography results were subnormal.

CONCLUSION:
It was indicated that the novel BEST1 mutations identified may be strongly correlated with binocular ARB. This study provides significant information of the genotype–phenotype association in Japanese ARB patients. Further, the genetic analysis that we performed was very useful for the differential diagnosis and might have implications in the development of future treatment modalities.
Entretien avec Bruce Bégout
Authors: ESTÈVE Raphaël , BÉGOUT Bruce 
Published: January 2021

Bruce Bégout est philosophe, essayiste et romancier. Parmi les nombreux ouvrages qu’il a publié dans le domaine philosophique, on mentionnera, en affinité explicite avec la thématique de ce dossier, La Découverte du quotidien. Éléments pour une phénoménologie du monde de la vie (2005)., Pensées privées : Journal philosophique (1998-2006) (2007), et tout récemment Le concept d'ambiance (2020). Son activité d’essayiste est elle aussi très en prise avec la thématique de l’ordinaire, ainsi qu’en témoignent, entre autres ses appréhensions de l’espace urbain dans Zéropolis. L'expérience de Las Vegas (2002) ou encore Lieu commun. Le motel américain (2003). Et il a également publié en 2008 De la décence ordinaire. Court essai sur une idée fondamentale de la pensée politique de George Orwell. Il est enfin romancier, ses deux dernières publications en la matière étant On ne dormira jamais, (2017) et Le Sauvetage (2018).
Editorial Llamkasun
Authors: Revista Científica y Tecnológica Llamkasun 
Published: January 2021

La Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Tayacaja “Daniel Hernández Morillo” presenta el Vol. 1, No 1 (2020) de la Revista de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica “Llamkasun” que es una publicación editada semestralmente por la UNAT y gestionada mediante Open Journal System. Tiene como objetivo publicar artículos resultados de investigaciones concluidas que conserven un carácter de originalidad, utilidad, relevancia científica y tecnológica; que aporten nuevos onocimientos sobre aspectos teóricos o prácticos en las áreas de Recursos Naturales, Educación, Salud, Alimentación, Ingeniería y entre otras disciplinas.
Serum Cytokines in Erythema Nodosum Leprosum Versus Non-Reactional Leprosy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Gervasio Mia Katrina R. , Lizarondo Felix Paolo J. , Dofitas Belen L. 
Published: January 2021

Background. Erythema nodosum leprosum is an immune-mediated complication of leprosy whose underlying mechanism has not yet been fully elucidated, making management difficult.Objectives. To determine the serum cytokine profile of ENL compared to non-reactional leprosy states.
Methods. An open literature search was performed using MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, TRIP and HERDIN electronic databases using the keywords ("cytokines" or “inflammatory mediators”) and (“erythema nodosum leprosum” or “ENL”) and (“leprosy” or “lepra”). Studies were selected by two independent review authors. Risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and statistical analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software.
Results. Eight cross-sectional studies with 197 participants were included. Meta-analysis showed that both serum IL-17 and serum IFN-γ were significantly decreased (Z 2.39, p = 0.02 and Z 2.74, p = 0.01, respectively) in ENL compared to non-reactional states. However, for IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-22, TNF-α and TGF-β, no significant differences were found between the two groups.
Conlusion. ENL appears to be an exacerbation of the Th2 cytokine response seen in the lepromatous pole of leprosy. However, despite pooling of data, sample sizes remain small resulting in significant heterogeneity. Future studies involving large sample sizes and investigating a wider range of cytokines are encouraged.
Stakeholders in the Development of the National Unified Health Research Agenda of the Philippines
Authors: De Veyra Chiqui M. , Dorotan Miguel Manuel C. , Feranil Alan B. , Dizon Teddy S. , Geroy Lester Sam A. , Lopez Jaifred Christian F. , Sales Reneepearl Kim P. 
Published: January 2021

Objectives. Stakeholders and stakeholder engagement in agenda setting are not well documented despite its increased recognition. This paper aimed to describe stakeholder engagement in the agenda setting. Specifically, it aimed to (1) describe the process of stakeholder engagement in the development of the NUHRA 2017-2022; (2) describe characteristics of stakeholders involved; and (3) identify lessons learned during the engagement.
Methods. Documents pertinent to the agenda setting process, which included profile of participants and feedback on the consultation process were reviewed and analyzed. Key informant interviews were also conducted among selected PCHRD officials and members of the Philippine National Health Research System - Research Agenda Committee. Stakeholder mapping was conducted prior to the engagement to identify potential stakeholders. Consultations were conducted in each region involving different stakeholders. Stakeholders in the consultation process were national government agencies, local government units, academe, public and private health facilities, and non-government organizations (NGOs).
Results. The stakeholder with the highest representation was the national government (n=110), while the lowest were public and private health facilities (n=14 each). Interactive discussion of stakeholders with diverse background, is the top item that went well during the consultation and should be retained in the future, and; brainstorming session and presentation were identified item that needs improvement.
Conclusion. A diverse and well-represented set of stakeholders is important in an agenda setting to appropriately identify priorities and to improve uptake of the agenda. Stakeholder engagement, however, should not be limited to agenda setting, collaborative work must be sustained in all aspects of the research cycle.
The Effects of Integrated Vegetation Management on Richness of Native Compatible Flowering Plants and Abundance of Noncompatible Tree Species on a Right-of-Way in Central Pennsylvania, USA
Authors: Mahan Carolyn G. , Ross Bradley D. , Yahner Richard T. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWe examined the effects of integrated vegetation management (IVM) and nonselective mechanical removal techniques (hand cutting and mowing) on the richness and abundance of native compatible flowering plants and noncompatible trees on an electric transmission line right-of-way in central Pennsylvania, USA. Our study focused on native flowering plants to help determine how different vegetation management techniques may affect native wildlife communities. We found no correlation between amount of herbicide applied and native flowering plant species richness or tree abundance. We found that the richness of native flowering plants did not differ between plots treated with an IVM herbicide approach and those that were mechanically treated (t= 1.06, df = 1,p= 0.31). However, mechanically treated plots had significantly higher abundance of trees than IVM plots (t= 3.10, df = 1,p= 0.009). We found that plots that were treated with herbicide mixtures that contained glyphosate in 2012 had lower native flowering plant species richness in 2016 than those treated with herbicide mixtures that did not contain glyphosate (t= −2.44, df = 1,p= 0.04). Our study indicates that long-term IVM approaches support native flowering plant species richness while limiting tree abundance under electric transmission line right-of-way. However, further study is needed to determine if the herbicide type and method (selective versus broadcast) of application affects species richness of native flowering plant communities.
APRESENTAÇÃO
Authors: SCHRÖDER Luciane Thomé , FRANÇA Juliana De Sá 
Published: January 2021

Estimadas leitoras e estimados leitores, Quando a ementa desta edição foi proposta, sequer poderíamos imaginar que a publicação ocorreria em meio a uma pandemia. O surto de COVID-19 nos impôs distanciamento social. Alterou as relações pessoais e profissionais: fomos forçados a reinventar nosso cotidiano e as maneiras de interagir. A televisão, os jornais, as revistas, as redes sociais, os aplicativos de mensagens, entre outros suportes, passaram a ser nossa conexão com a informação e com o outro. O mundo sendo lido de diferentes maneiras, a partir diferentes suportes, de dentro de nossas casas.Se à época da proposição da chamada para publicação, a leitura nos parecia um tema pertinente, o atual contexto reitera a necessidade de que ela seja (ainda mais) debatida, difundida, atualizada e potencializada. Ainda que os textos da edição não se remetam a práticas orientadas no atual cenário, as abordagens que seguem em cada um dos estudos, constituem-se em esforços de pesquisadoras e pesquisadores na reflexão/trabalho sobre a leitura na escola, cujo objetivo incide na formação do sujeito leitor: reflexivo, crítico e atuante na sociedade em que se insere.Assim, o presente número da Revista Trama apresenta como tema a Leitura em suas diferentes perspectivas teórico-metodológicas: da teoria ao ensino e pretende contribuir com as discussões e a compreensão de práticas relacionadas à leitura.Marechal Cândido Rondon, outubro de 2020.(Arquivo completo em PDF)
Winter atmospheric boundary layer observations over sea ice in the coastal zone of the Bay of Bothnia (Baltic Sea)
Authors: Wenta Marta , Brus David , Doulgeris Konstantinos , Vakkari Ville , Herman Agnieszka 
Published: January 2021

Abstract. The Hailuoto Atmospheric Observations over Sea ice (HAOS) campaign took place
at the westernmost point of Hailuoto island (Finland) between 27 February and
2 March 2020. The aim of the campaign was to obtain atmospheric boundary layer
(ABL) observations over seasonal sea ice in the Bay of Bothnia. Throughout
4 d, both fixed-wing and quad-propeller rotorcraft unmanned aerial
vehicles (UAVs) were deployed over the sea ice to measure the properties of the
lower ABL and to obtain accompanying high-resolution aerial photographs of the
underlying ice surface. Additionally, a 3D sonic anemometer, an automatic
weather station, and a Halo Doppler lidar were installed on the shore to
collect meteorological observations. During the UAV flights, measurements of
temperature, relative humidity, and atmospheric pressure were collected at four different altitudes between 25 and 100 m over an area of
∼ 1.5 km2 of sea ice, located 1.1–1.3 km off the shore of Hailuoto's Marjaniemi pier, together with orthomosaic maps of the ice
surface below. Altogether the obtained dataset consists of 27 meteorological
flights, four photogrammetry missions, and continuous measurements of atmospheric
properties from ground-based stations located at the coast. The acquired
observations have been quality controlled and post-processed and are available
through the PANGAEA repository
(https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.918823, Wenta et al., 2020).
The obtained dataset provides us with valuable information about ABL properties over thin, newly formed sea ice cover and about physical processes at the interface of sea ice and atmosphere which may be used for the validation and further improvement of numerical weather prediction (NWP) models.
La educación de los jóvenes
Authors: Escudero Burrows Ethel 
Published: January 2021

Exposición en un Panel sobre la educación de los jóvenes que tuvo lugar hace veinte años en un Congreso Nacional sobre la Juventud Chilena. El propósito es que sirva de base para una reflexión comparativa con la situación y los problemas que enfrentamos hoy y dimensionar su evolución durante este período.
Se hace referencia al concepto de educación, proceso educativo y a dos posturas en el área; filosófica-humanista y científica-tecnológica; a aspectos éticos y axiológicos que involucra la calidad de la educación; a la idea de futuro que implica la orientación que se da a la formación de las nuevas generaciones y al conjunto de diagnósticos de nuestro tiempo requerido en la toma de decisiones.
Se presentan tendencias que caracterizan a los jóvenes, así como la preparación de recursos humanos para la acción pedagógica: los profesores.
A NATUREZA DO INTELECTO SEGUNDO SANTO ALBERTO MAGNO
Authors: Afonso Robson 
Published: January 2021

Este trabalho, baseado na obra De intellectu et intelligibili de Alberto Magno, tem o objetivo de investigar sobre a natureza do intelecto humano, identificando como o Doctor Universalis dedicou-se a esse estudo e como essa problemática chegou até seu tempo, o século XIII. As respostas que Santo Alberto Magno trouxe sobre a natureza do intelecto e o problema do conhecimento, tem como base os textos de Aristóteles sobre a alma e as interpretações de alguns filósofos árabes sobre eles. A originalidade de Alberto Magno está no fato de considerar que o estudo da natureza do intelecto e dos inteligíveis coloca em questão o próprio homem que, assim passa a conhecer a si mesmo, já que ele próprio é intelecto.