bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Program Retensi Perawat untuk Mengurangi Turnover Perawat Non PNS di Rumah Sakit X
Authors: Muslim Ahmad , Sutinah Sutinah 
Published: August 2020

Rumah sakit harus mampu mempertahankan pegawai, terutama tenaga kesehatan seperti perawat, hal ini dilakukan agar rumah sakit dapat mempertahankan eksistensinya. Angka turnover yang tinggi merupakan sebuah ancaman bagi rumah sakit, oleh karena itu dibutuhkan program retensi pegawai untuk mempertahankan pegawai dari turnover intention. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran proses pengembangan perawat non PNS di Rumah Sakit X. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara terhadap perawat PNS, perawat non PNS, perawat yang telah resign, dan pihak manajemen Rumah Sakit X. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Rumah Sakit X telah melaksanakan program retensi pegawai, namun belum bisa menurunkan angka turnover perawat non PNS. Sistem remunerasi yang merupakan program retensi pegawai perlu ditinjau ulang, karena dengan adanya sistem remunerasi, turnover perawat non PNS semakin meningkat. Turnover perawat non PNS di Rumah Sakit X disebabkan oleh kepastian karier dan kesejahteraan pegawai yang kurang. Program retensi pegawai di Rumah Sakit X harus fokus pada faktor penyebab turnover perawat non PNS, agar program retensi pegawai dapat dirancang dengan baik. Pihak manajemen Rumah Sakit X harus melakukan analisa yang tepat dan melihat berbagai dampak yang akan muncul dari penerapan program retensi pegawai tersebut.Â A hospital must be able to retain employees, especially health workers such as nurses, this is done so that the hospital can maintain its existence. High turnover is a threat to the hospital. Therefore, employee retention programs are needed to keep employees from turnover intentions. This study aims to determine the description of the process of developing non-civil servant nurses in Hospital X. This study uses qualitative methods with a descriptive research type. Data obtained through interviews with civil servant nurses, non-civil servant nurses, nurses who have resigned, and the management of Hospital X. The results of this study indicate that Hospital X has implemented an employee retention program, but has not been able to reduce the turnover rate of non-civil servant nurses. The remuneration system which is an employee retention program needs to be reviewed because, with the remuneration system, the turnover of non-civil servant nurses is increasing. The turnover of non-civil servant nurses at Hospital X was caused by career certainty and lack of employee welfare. The employee retention program at Hospital X must focus on the factors that cause the turnover of non-civil servant nurses so that the employee retention program can be well designed. The management of Hospital X must conduct appropriate analysis and see the various impacts that will arise from the application of the employee retention program.
Variasi Abu Ampas Tebu dan Serat Bambu sebagai Bahan Campuran Pembuatan Beton Ramah Lingkungan
Authors: Warsito Warsito , Rahmawati Anita 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRAKBeton merupakan suatu material yang secara umum menjadi kebutuhan masyarakat terhadap fasilitas infrastruktur konstruksi yang semakin meningkat seiring dengan perkembangan zaman, oleh sebab itu pemilihan beton sebagai bahan baku utama konstruksi bangunan sangatlah penting. Beberapa hal yang perlu ditinjau dalam pembuatan beton adalah harganya relatif murah, mudah diperoleh, memiliki kuat tekan tinggi serta mempunyai sifat tahan terhadap faktor kondisi lingkungan. Abu Ampas Tebu (AAT) adalah sisa hasil pembakaran dari ampas tebu. Ampas tebu sendiri merupakan hasil limbah buangan yang berlimpah dari proses pembuatan gula. Tujuan penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk mengetahui kuat tekan beton yang menggunakan serat bambu dan abu ampas tebu sebagai pengganti agregat halus dengan variasi tertentu yang mencapai 40%. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif eksperimen dan teknik analisa data menggunakan regresi. Variabel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah variabel bebas yang berupa variasi penggantian sebagian agregat halus menggunakan abu ampas tebu dan serat bambu. Hasil penelitian ini adalah beton dengan perbandingan komposisi campuran yang didapat sebelumnya dan hasil mix design beton normal maut sedang yaitu dengan besar kuat tekan fc’ 14,5 Mpa (K175) sampai dengan fc’17,15 Mpa (K210,6) yang kemudian ditambah dengan bahan AAT sebagai bahan penambah semen dan serat Bambu.Kata Kunci: Abu Ampas Tebu, Beton, Serat Bambu, Agregat ABSTRACTConcrete is a material that generally supports the community's need for construction of infrastructure facilities which is increasing along with the times. Selection of concrete as the main raw material for building construction is very important. There are benefits in making concrete such as low cost, ease to obtain, high compressive strength and resistancy to environmental conditions. Bagasse Ash (AAT) is the residue from the burning of sugarcane bagasse. Sugarcane bagasse itself is an abundant waste product from the sugar making processes. The purpose of this study was to determine the compressive strength of concrete using bamboo fibers and the AAT as a substitute for fine aggregate with certain variations reaching up to 40% with a concrete enhancer chemical aggregate. This research used the American Concrete Institute design method with a value of 0.40 and 0.45 on the concrete age of 28 days. Results found that the samples made were hard concrete with a comparison of the composition of the mixture obtained previously. Results of a normal deadly concrete mix design comprised with a large compressive strength fc '14.5 Mpa (K175) to fc '17, 15 Mpa (K210,6) which was then added to the AAT as aggregates in the cement and Bamboo fiber.Keywords: Bagasse Ash, Concrete, Bamboo, Aggregate
Marked reductions in outpatient antibiotic prescriptions for children and adolescents – a population-based study covering 83% of the paediatric population, Germany, 2010 to 2018
Authors: Holstiege Jakob , Schulz Maike , Akmatov Manas K , Steffen Annika , Bätzing Jörg 
Published: August 2020

Background
Prescribing of systemic antibiotics in general and of cephalosporins in particular in German paediatric outpatients has previously been reported to be higher than in other European countries.

Aim
Our objective was to assess recent trends in antibiotic prescribing in German children.

Methods
This study was conducted as consecutive annual cross-sectional analyses and included all children aged 0–14 years (n = 9,389,183 in 2018) covered by statutory health insurance in Germany. Annual antibiotic prescription rates from 2010 to 2018 were calculated for the age groups 0–1, 2–5, 6–9 and 10–14 years. Poisson regression was used to estimate trends of prescription rates by age group and antibiotic subgroup.

Results
Overall, the age-standardised antibiotic prescription rate decreased significantly by 43% from 746 prescriptions per 1,000 persons in 2010 to 428 per 1,000 in 2018 (p < 0.001). Reductions were most pronounced in the age groups 0–1 year (−50%) and 2–5 years (−44%). The age group 2–5 years exhibited the highest prescription rate with 683 per 1,000 in 2018 (0–1 year: 320/1,000; 6–9 years: 417/1,000; 10–14 years: 273/1,000). Cephalosporins (second and third generation) accounted for 32% of prescribed antibiotics.

Conclusions
Marked reductions in antibiotic prescribing during the last decade indicate a change towards more judicious paediatric prescribing habits. Compared with other European countries, however, prescribing of second- and third-generation cephalosporins remains high in Germany, suggesting frequent first-line use of these substances for common respiratory infections. Considerable regional variations underline the need for regionally targeted interventions.
The Usage of <i>Momordica charantia</i> as Face Cleansing Cosmetics: <i>Momordica charantia</i> Leaves Extract as Absorbent of Heavy Metal, Surface Tension Reducer and Skin Antibacterial
Authors: Andrianto Dimas , Kurniatin Popi Asri , Aulya Silvy , Eriyanti Dewi 
Published: August 2020

Momordica charantia (daun pare in Indonesian) is one of Indonesian herbal plants which useful property has not been explored. M. charantia contains chemical substances such as oil and saponin. Nowadays, the society possesses a high awareness regarding the risk of using artificial chemicals for skin care and more people are switching to use herbal cosmetics. The extract of M. charantiahas been proven to be able to be used as one of the active components of herbal based facial cleansing cosmetics. Its active properties include its ability to absorb heavy metal from air pollution and motor vehicles emission, decrease surface tension, and to act as an antibacterial agent.In the research, M.charantia was extracted using 4 (four) solvents, namely water, ethanol, methanol, and hexane. The research then examined the property of each extract in metal absorption (using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry / AAS), decreasing surface tension, and antibacterial activities. The result of the test showed that the water based extract was the most effective extract in reducing surface tension and in inhibiting the development of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, while the ethanol based extract was the most effective one in absorption of Pb and Hg metals and in inhibiting the development of Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria. The result indicated that M. charantiaextract has the potentials to be used as facial cleanser and can also counter the bacterial infection which could cause acnes.
A Igreja e seu rosto histórico. Modelos de Igreja e modelo de Igreja na cidade
Authors: Cipolini Pedro Carlos 
Published: August 2020

Autor pergunta: Uma vez que a Igreja traz na bagagem de sua experiência histórica o distintivo de várias fisionomias, não teria chegado o momento de ela procurar um novo rosto? Com efeito, na policêntrica, conflitiva e dinâmica realidade urbana atual, a pastoral de resultados está ultrapassada. A fisionomia do novo rosto da Igreja – Comunidade do Evangelho do amor-serviço – deveria distinguir-se pela misericórdia e pela fraterna acolhida. Abstract: The Author asks: Being that the Church carries in its past historical experience the distinction of various faces, has not the moment arrived for it to seek out a new face? In effect, in the polycentric, conflictive and dynamic reality of present-day urban life, the pastoral work after results is outdated. The countenance of a new face of the Church – the Community of the Gospel of love-service – should be distinguished by mercy and welcoming fraternity.
Novel Aspects of Differences in Arterial Stiffness Parameters during Short Abstinent Period in Smokers vs. Non-smokers
Authors: Burián Zsófia Mrekváné , Pakai Annamária , Cziráki Attila , Verzár Zsófia 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAlthough the effects of smoking on hemodynamics and arterial stiffness has already been evaluated from many aspects, self-controlled and 24-h data have remained a missing area. Ten healthy light smokers were examined in a cross-sectional observational study for 48 h [smoking was prohibited during the first 24 h (non-smoking day) and allowed during the second 24 h (smoking day)] with an oscillometric device. Control group consisted of ten healthy non-smokers. Peripheral blood pressures were significantly higher on the smoking day (134.11 ± 11.02 and 77.11 ± 10.64) than on the non-smoking day (127.23 ± 8.41, p = 0.017 and 71.25 ± 10.47, p = 0.02) or among non-smokers (120.80 ± 5.77, p = 0.005 and 68.37 ± 4.87, p = 0.04). Heart rate was significantly lower on the non-smoking day (64.89 ± 9.03) than among non-smokers (74.30 ± 8.22, p = 0.03) and on the smoking day (76.09 ± 10.53, p = 0.001). Pulse Wave Velocity (PWV) was significantly higher on the smoking day (7.48 ± 1.17) than on the non-smoking day (7.00 ± 1.28, p = 0.03). Peripheral blood pressure results confirmed that smoking leads to both acute and subchronic elevation. Lower heart rate of smokers on the non-smoking day than non-smokers can be the consequence of improper heart rate adaptation to everyday activities. PWV values improved during the one-day long abstinent period suggesting that it is the most sensitive stiffness value to smoking cessation.
Fausto binário: o natural e o artificial em sons analógicos e digitais
Authors: Castanheira José Cláudio Siqueira 
Published: August 2020

Este trabalho pretende discutir as relações complexas entre a atual cultura digital e o pensamento tecnocientífico contemporâneo, pautado pelo modelo das Tecnologias da Informação (TI). Descrevemos como esse tipo de pensamento foi estruturado à medida que surge um self moderno, internalizado e com uma visão do mundo como
construção intelectual. Usamos os universos e discursos sobre os sons digitais e analógicos como exemplo dos ideários fáustico e prometeico das tecnologias, conceitos propostos pelo sociólogo Hermínio Martins.

Palavras-chave
Cultura digital. Som digital. Tecnologias da informação. Gnosticismo tecnológico. Self moderno.
Sujeito e discurso da racionalidade técnica na sociedade mediática
Authors: Reis Angela Pintor dos 
Published: August 2020

Este ensaio discute em que condições a racionalidade técnica constitui um composto com a sociedade mediática para a constituição de um sujeito normalizado. Como suporte à discussão são desenvolvidas relações entre dispositivos de construção do sujeito e dispositivos de três tipos de discurso, a saber: o do mestre moderno, o universitário e o competente. Sujeito e discurso são conceitualmente considerados no contexto da teoria lacaniana, sendo o discurso compreendido como o liame social a partir do qual o sujeito se constrói e sobre o qual se projeta. A racionalidade técnica é considerada como ideologia de dominação, nos termos desenvolvidos por Marcuse, Habermas, Weber e Heidegger.

Palavras-Chave
Racionalidade técnica. Sociedade mediática. Sujeito.
Discurso. Dominação.
Três formas do experimentalismo na MPB da década de 1970
Authors: Vargas Herom 
Published: August 2020

Neste artigo, pretende-se analisar aspectos e características da produção experimental de compositores e grupos da música popular brasileira dos anos 1970, período marcado pela ditadura militar e pela expansão das indústrias midiáticas ligadas ao campo da canção popular (gravadoras e emissoras de TV). Parte-se da discussão teórica sobre experimentalismo feita por Umberto Eco e do conceito de “canção crítica”, de Santuza C. Naves, para pensar a “canção experimental”. Serão apontadas três linhas gerais da experimentação praticada por esses criadores: 1) relação entre tradição e modernidade, como herança tropicalista, mas efetivada em outro patamar; 2) experimentalismo como exercício estético realizado especificamente na materialidade do código poético e musical da canção visando determinados significados; 3) uso criativo do corpo e da performance como elementos produtores de sentido, em sintonia com a leitura nacional da contracultura.

Palavras-chave
Música popular brasileira. Experimentalismo. Contracultura. Anos 1970.
Doença mental e consumo nas revistas semanais brasileiras
Authors: Vaz Paulo Roberto Gibaldi 
Published: August 2020

O artigo propõe considerar reportagens sobre transtornos mentais publicadas em revistas semanais brasileiras, nos últimos 15 anos, como peças publicitárias para estimular o consumo de medicamentos, especificamente, de antidepressivos. Investiga, então, o nexo entre consumo e subjetividade contemporânea pelo estudo das estratégias retóricas que permitem ao indivíduo se conceber como um
possível doente e, assim, consumidor de medicamentos.
Duas estratégias são enfatizadas. Uma contorna o estigma associado à doença mental por separar o sofrimento da moral; a outra analisa o uso de testes como modo de gerar uma incerteza no indivíduo sobre a normalidade de seus estados mentais.

Palavras-Chave

Mídia. Consumo. Subjetividade. Doença Mental. Antidepressivos.
John Hobson e a psicologia do jingoísmo: a metáfora da agulha hipodérmica e as origens da teoria crítica da propaganda
Authors: Rüdiger Francisco 
Published: August 2020

John Hobson concebeu estudo pioneiro do que viria a ser chamado de propaganda, em que, pela primeira vez, quem sabe, emprega a figura da agulha hipodérmica, não obstante a relativize criticamente, situando seus termos em relação à sua célebre teoria do imperialismo e a uma primitiva reflexão sobre as bases históricas da cultura de
massas. Analisando como o autor desenvolve esse raciocínio em The Psychology of Jingoism (1901), revelamos no artigo a contribuição altamente original deste pioneiro aos estudos críticos de mídia. O argumento desenvolvido em conclusão é o de que, embora sua obra mostre que os meios exercem uma influência que depende do contexto histórico e das forças que nele intervêm, esta influência não tem um sentido inexorável, necessariamente favorável seja aos donos do poder e da imprensa, como demonstra, vista de forma distanciada, própria cobertura da Guerra dos Boers.

Palavras-Chave
Estudos críticos de comunicação: origens. John Hobson: The psychology of jingoism. História do pensamento comunicacional.
“A velha Europa” e “o Sociólogo” - Como se relaciona a teoria de Niklas Luhmann à tradição filosófica?
Authors: Gumbrecht Hans Ulrich 
Published: August 2020

Neste artigo, Hans Ulrich Gumbrecht reflete acerca do legado intelectual de Niklas Luhmann e suas relações com a tradição filosófica ocidental.

Palavras-chave
Niklas Luhmann. Teoria social. Epistemologia.
Modernity as a Process of De-Limitations
Authors: Schelkshorn Hans 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This article presents some outlines of a new theory of modernity. As distinct from the theories of modernity of the Enlightenment (Habermas) and their critique in the form of theories of power (Foucault, post-colonial philosophies), modernity is described as a complex process of various “de-limitations”, which is set in motion in Renaissance philosophy. Since in antiquity cosmology as well as the geography of the ecumene were each tied to anthropological, ethical and political conceptions respectively, the de-limitation of the cosmos (Cusanus, Copernicus) and the de-limitation of the ecumene by the European naval powers trigger scientific, political and cultural transformations reaching from the upvaluation of insatiable curiosity to the anthropological idea of experimental self-creation (Montaigne) up to the idea of limitless economic growth (Locke). Since rational, power-related and cultural ideas are amalgamated in the different de-limitations, this theory opens up a new perspective on the ambivalences of modernity.
Comparative Study of Antimicrobial Efficacy of Azithromycin and Cefixime against Salmonella Typhi Infection
Authors: Thapa Raj Kumar , Shrestha Sagar 
Published: August 2020

Correction: The page numbers were changed from 84-97 to 67-80 on 31/08/2020.
Introduction: Enteric fever is systemic infection caused by the Salmonella enteric serovars typhi and para typhi A B and C. It is the significant cause of morbidity and mortality. It occurs in all parts of the world where water supplied and sanitation is substandard. Annually, it is estimated that more than 10 million cases and 100000 deaths are caused by typhoid fever. Regarding to the strains, a high prevalence of S. typhi and S. paratyphi. A strains in Nepal that showed resistance against the quinolone nalidixic acid (MIC> 256 mcg/ml with a corresponding decreased susceptibility against fluoroquinolones such as ciprofloxacin (MIC>0.125 mcg/ml.
Objectives: The main objective of study was to compare the efficacy of Azithromycin and Cefixime in treatment of typhoid fever.
Methodology: The in vitro antibacterial activity of azithromycin and Cefixime against 4 isolated colonies of Salmonella typhi from reference of salmonella typhi ATCC no. 14028 and blood culture isolates from three different hospitals was evaluated by disc diffusion (well) method. 0.25 ppm, 0.5 ppm, 4 ppm, 8 ppm, 32 ppm, 128 ppm concentration of both Azithromycin and Cefixime was used. The zone of inhibition was measured and data was analyzed using Excel.
Results: In all isolates of Salmonella typhi, the zone of inhibition shown by both Azithromycin and Cefixime is same at low concentration (0.25ppm, 0.5ppm) but with increasing in concentration there is increase in difference in zone of inhibition shown by them. The zone of inhibition shown by Cefixime is greater in high concentration as compared to zone of inhibition shown by Azithromyci.
Conclusion: Our result indicate Cefixime is better than Azithromycin in therapeutic option for enteric fever.
Evaluation of protective and adaptive responses of fruit crops to temperature stress during winter-spring period (on the example of the varieties peach in the Krasnodar Territory)
Authors: Dragavtseva I. A. , Klyukina A. V. , Oplachko R. A. 
Published: August 2020

Work was carried out to evaluate the protective and adaptive reactions of fruit crops to the temperature stresses of the winter-spring period (using peach varieties as an example in the Krasnodar Territory). Peach is one of the most demanding crops for temperature stresses of the winter-spring period. The levels of destructive air temperatures (ºС) for ﬂ owering buds of 3 peach varieties were elaborated: Collins, a medium frost resistance; Favourite Morretini, an Italian variety of low frost resistance; Sochny, a variety of breeding Nikita Botanical Gardens with high frost resistance in phases of winter-spring development. The study covers two long periods (1985-2000 and 2001-2019) in three horticultural zones of the Krasnodar Territory – the Kuban horticultural zone (Krasnodar weather station), Piedmont zone (Goryachy Klyuch weather station), Steppe zone (Tikhoretsk weather station). The manifestations of destructive low temperatures were revealed for each analyzed variety for each period in each studied horticultural zone. The reactions of varieties to destructive temperature stresses of the winterspring period in time and space of the Krasnodar Territory are shown. It has been established that against the background of exposure to environmental limiting factors (low temperatures in the winter-spring period) in the development of ﬂ ower buds of peach varieties under conditions of climate ﬂ uctuations, there’s a change going on in the spectra (sets) of gene products that determine the one and the same quantitative trait – frost resistance, which leads to change the ranks of varieties on this basis. It was determined that in the present time, Sochny variety should be placed in the Kuban, Piedmont and Steppe zones. Favourite Morretini and Collins can be successfully grown in Kuban zone. The results of the research allowed us to make recommendations on the rational placement of peach varieties, taking into account their protective and adaptive reactions to the stresses of the winter-spring period.