bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self-labeling of proteins with chemical fluorescent dyes in BY-2 cells and Arabidopsis seedlings
Authors: Iwatate Ryu J. , Yoshinari Akira , Yagi Noriyoshi , Grzybowski Marek , Ogasawara Hiroaki , Kamiya Mako , Komatsu Toru , Taki Masayasu , Yamaguchi Shigehiro , Frommer Wolf B. , Nakamura Masayoshi 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSynthetic chemical fluorescent dyes are promising tools for many applications in biology. SNAP tagging provides a unique opportunity for labeling of specific proteinsin vivowith synthetic dyes for studying for example endocytosis, or super-resolution microscopy. However, despite the potential, chemical dye tagging has not been used effectively in plants. A major drawback was the limited knowledge regarding cell wall and membrane permeability of synthetic dyes. Twenty-six out of 31 synthetic dyes were taken up into BY-2 cells, eight were not taken up and can thus serve for measuring endocytosis. Three of the dyes that were able to enter the cells, SNAP-tag ligands of diethylaminocoumarin, tetramethylrhodamine (TMR) and silicon-rhodamine (SiR) 647 were used to SNAP tag α-tubulin. Successful tagging was verified by live cell imaging and visualization of microtubules arrays in interphase and during mitosis. Fluorescence activation-coupled protein labeling (FAPL) with DRBG-488 was used to observe PIN2 endocytosis and delivery to the vacuole as well as preferential delivery of newly synthesized PIN2 to the newly forming cell plate during mitosis. Together the data demonstrate that specific self-labeling of proteins can be used effectively in plants to study a wide variety to cell biological processes.
Linear gain effect of theta-burst and 15 Hz rTMS on intra-cortically measured neuronal responses to oriented grating visual stimuli
Authors: Venkateswaran Ajay , Yao Ze-Shan , Villeneuve Martin Y. , Shmuel Amir 
Published: March 2020

AbstractTranscranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) involves the application of time-pulsed magnetic fields to cortical tissue through a coil positioned near the head. TMS is widely used for studying the mechanisms underlying perception and behaviour and is considered a potential therapeutic technique for various conditions. However, the application of TMS has been hindered by the lack of understanding of its mechanism of action. Here we studied the effects of three repetitive TMS (rTMS) paradigms on intra-cortical neuronal responses to oriented gratings in cat area 18. Each of stimulation protocols, including continuous theta-burst, intermittent theta-burst, and 15 Hz rTMS, consisted of 600 pulses. Application of continuous theta-burst and 15 Hz rTMS suppressed the action potential response to oriented grating stimuli for 1.5-6 minutes. In contrast, application of intermittent theta-burst stimulation was associated with enhancement of the action potential response ∼15 minutes following TMS. Neuronal assemblies that were more responsive before the application of rTMS, were affected more than neurons that were less responsive before rTMS. In spite of these changes, the preferred orientation, the orientation tuning of the multi-unit activity and the spatial pattern of the responses recorded from assemblies neurons remained unaffected. Our findings demonstrate that rTMS does not modify the functional selectivities of ensembles of neurons; rather, it has a linear gain effect on their responses.
A single locus underlies variation inCaenorhabditis eleganschemotherapeutic responses
Authors: Evans Kathryn S. , Andersen Erik C. 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACTPleiotropy, the concept that a single gene controls multiple distinct traits, is prevalent in most organisms and has broad implications for medicine and agriculture. Identifying the molecular mechanisms underlying pleiotropy has the power to unveil previously unknown biological connections between seemingly unrelated traits. Additionally, the discovery of pleiotropic genes increases our understanding of both genetic and phenotypic complexity by characterizing novel gene functions. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping has been used to identify several pleiotropic regions in many organisms. However, gene knockout studies are needed to eliminate the possibility of tightly linked, non-pleiotropic loci. Here, we use a panel of 296 recombinant inbred advanced intercross lines ofCaenorhabditis elegansand a high-throughput fitness assay to identify a single large-effect QTL on the center of chromosome V associated with variation in responses to eight chemotherapeutics. We validate this QTL with near-isogenic lines and pair genome-wide gene expression data with drug response traits to perform mediation analysis, leading to the identification of a pleiotropic candidate gene,scb-1. Using deletion strains created by genome editing, we show thatscb-1, which was previously implicated in response to bleomycin, also underlies responses to other double-strand DNA break-inducing chemotherapeutics. This finding provides new evidence for the role ofscb-1in the nematode drug response and highlights the power of mediation analysis to identify causal genes.
IKEA Inc.: the India way
Authors: Yadav Neetu 
Published: March 2020

Learning outcomes
Learning outcomes are as follows: to learn about the application of Bartlett and Ghoshal’s model of international strategy; to compare and contrast the global strategy of IKEA in India and China; and to understand how adaptability can create a new competitive advantage in emerging markets.

Case overview/synopsis
The case study enables discussion about the global strategy of a well-established multi-national company, IKEA in an emerging market. IKEA is a well-established and well-known brand in the international market in furniture retailing. It has decided to make a debut in India in 2017 with its first store in Hyderabad. However, it was yet to open it in 2018. The case emphasizes upon understanding the global strategy of IKEA, positioning itself in the fragmented Indian furniture industry, managing differences in emerging markets and adapting to the local environment of the particular country. The case highlights how adaptability can create a new competitive advantage in managing global strategy in different countries of emerging markets.

Complexity academic level
This case study is developed for post-graduate management programs as an MBA, Executive MBA and executive development programs.

Supplementary materials
Teaching Notes are available for educators only.

Subject code
CSS 11: Strategy.
Comparison of remuneration in family and non-family firms in the Czech Republic
Authors: Hradský Ondřej 
Published: March 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyse 100 of the largest family firms and their personnel costs and employee numbers compared to non-family firms in the Czech Republic and confirm if there exist differences between personnel costs for family and non-family firms.Design/methodology/approachThe sample consisted of 100 family firms and 97 non-family firms from the Czech Republic for the comparison. Four hypotheses about relation between personnel costs for family and non-family firms and their governing body were set. Descriptive statistics were calculated, andt-tests and Kruskal–Wallis test for confirmation of set hypothesis were used.FindingsSales volume and production consumption results are used as variables, which were compared between family and non-family firms to achieve the most relevant possible conclusions. Based on our results, it can be stated that differences between personnel costs, which, in this study, comprise employee wages, are not statistically significant in the largest Czech family firms. There are significant differences in personnel costs for company boards. In comparing employee numbers and the number of members of statutory bodies, however, no significant difference was ascertained.Originality/valueThis study responds to a gap in the literature, by exploring the differences between personnel costs (for employees and governing body) in the area of the Czech Republic. This study also contributes to the understanding of the remuneration within family firms, by assessing the role of executive remuneration in family firms.
Development of accountability for academic performance model based on management information system
Authors: Narindro Laser , Hardyanto Wahyu , Joko Raharjo Tri , Kardoyo Kardoyo 
Published: March 2020

Purpose
This study aims to evaluate and develop a model for an internal quality assurance system for school self-evaluation based on a management information system (MIS) for Vocational High Schools based on National Education Standards. MIS has been implemented by the Ministry of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia since 2016, which is called SIAP-PADAMU NEGERI Application. Although that MIS has been running, it still needs analysis and development in terms of both MIS and education management function. The purpose of the development model of self-school evaluation is to manage data and information online, real-time and integrated to control educational quality as a baseline for stakeholders to make further strategic policies.

Design/methodology/approach
This research methodology uses Research and Development (R&D) with a unified theory of acceptance and use of technology as a research approach where research techniques use triangulation techniques. The education management function uses the POAC approach (planning, organization, actuating and controlling).

Findings
The achievement of standar nasional pendidikan (SNP) quality in the education level of Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK) in Semarang City Central Java Province in 2016 is generally categorized to SNP level 3. Thus, SNP internal quality achievement in SMK education level in Semarang City in the year 2016 has not reached SNP. For SMK education level, the best quality achievement is at the lowest standard of content and quality achievement in the assessment standard. In theoretic integrated MIS model makes it easy in quality data reconnaissance and accreditation school. All of the process flow has been integrated into one framework so as to facilitate the monitoring of internal and external quality of school conducted by stakeholders.

Originality/value
SNP quality achievement in SMK/Vocational High School Education Level in Semarang City is categorized in SNP quality achievement in level of 3 from 5 of SNP. Because of that, the internal quality achievement of SNP in SMK/Vocational High School in Semarang City in 2016 does not reach SNP yet. The achievement of quality for SNP in vocational high school education level in central Java still above of quality achievement of vocational high school in Semarang City.
Strategies for global rangeland stewardship: Assessment through the lens of the equilibrium–non‐equilibrium debate
Authors: Briske David D. , Coppock D. Layne , Illius Andrew W. , Fuhlendorf Samuel D. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

This Review assesses the adequacy of current stewardship strategies to address the accelerating challenges confronting global rangeland systems. The assessment was conducted through the lens of the rangeland ecology debate that was initiated in the late 1980s to determine whether equilibrial or non‐equilibrial models more accurately represented the ecological dynamics of rangeland systems.

The following lessons have emerged from this prolonged debate: (a) equilibrial and non‐equilibrial dynamics among plants and herbivores always coexist in individual systems; (b) herbivore persistence is strongly influenced by functional resource heterogeneity; (c) biotic feedbacks are highly dependent upon spatial and temporal scale; (d) multiple stable states separated by nonlinear trajectories may coexist on individual ecological sites and (e) management and policy decisions can have important consequences for rangeland systems despite high environmental stochasticity.

These lessons demonstrate that scale and functional heterogeneity were critical ‘blind spots’ within the traditional rangeland profession. In contrast, pastoral strategies recognized these system variables as essential for exploitation of heterogeneous resource distribution, rather than assuming stable, uniform resource distribution. These divergent perceptions of scale and heterogeneity in grazed ecosystems largely explain the disparate interpretations of ecological carrying capacity that was central to the debate.

Programmes supporting supplemental feeding and infrastructure development have created an anthropogenic category of non‐equilibrial dynamics by sustaining large numbers of livestock during droughts. These programmes decouple livestock and rangeland resources to create an additional stewardship dilemma regarding complex trade‐offs between livestock production and the capacity of systems to provision a broad array of global ecosystem services.

Synthesis and applications. The fundamental challenge facing the global rangeland community may not be identification of a unified model of rangeland ecology—as assumed during the rangeland debate. Rather, the challenge may be how to best transform rangeland social–ecological systems to provide optimal combinations of ecosystem services to meet the needs of global citizens, while improving the well‐being of millions of rangeland residents who are highly dependent upon provisioning services. A comprehensive accounting of rangeland ecosystem services, supported by institutional governance and delivered as state–community partnerships, may provide the foundation for an alternative stewardship strategy to pursue this critical goal.
A novel metformin derivative showed improvement of lipid metabolism in obese rats with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Chen Deqi , Jia Dan , Wu Xia , Shi Kexin , Ren Cui , Dou Yonghui , Guo Mingxin , Wang Juanxia , Ma Min , Wu Zhengzhi , Shi He‐Yong , Li Weimin , Feng Yifan , Wu Fuhai 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn this study, we investigated the lipid metabolism regulatory activity of a novel metformin derivative (MD568) and its potential mechanism of action in obese rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Previous gene chip analysis of 3T3‐L1 cells have shown that MD568 regulates the transcription of genes involved in the peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor (PPAR) signalling pathway, fatty acid metabolism, and glycerolipid metabolism. In this study, obese T2DM rats were treated with MD568 (200 mg/kg) for 8 weeks. Results showed that MD568 significantly reduced the body weight gain, plasma glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. MD568 treatment also improved the insulin resistance of obese T2DM model rats. In particular, in white adipose tissue, MD568 inhibited the excessive volume increment of adipose cells by down‐regulating the protein levels of CCAAT/enhancer‐binding protein‐α (C/EBP‐α) and PPAR‐γ, as well as the transcription of their target lipid metabolism‐related genes. In the liver, MD568 inhibited hepatic fatty lesions and interfered with hepatic gluconeogenesis by regulating the expression of lipid metabolism‐related genes and glycogen‐related kinases. In conclusion, our results suggest that the newly synthesized MD568 affects the maintenance of lipid homeostasis in obese type 2 diabetic rats.
Association between protein‐rich dietary patterns and anthropometric measurements among children aged 6 years
Authors: Mehranfar Sanaz , Jalilpiran Yahya , Surkan Pamela J. , Azadbakht Leila 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAimThe associations between types of dietary protein intake and child anthropometric measurements have not been fully studied. Therefore, we examined dietary protein pattern in relation to anthropometric indicators among 6‐year‐old children.MethodsWe carried out a cross‐sectional study of 788 randomly selected children from health centres in Tehran, Iran. Dietary intake was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire completed by the mothers. Anthropometric measurements were based on standard protocols. Principle component analysis was performed to identify different dietary protein patterns. We used multivariate logistic regression to evaluate how these patterns were associated with child anthropometry.ResultsThree dietary protein patterns were identified: pattern 1 (rich in red and processed meats, dairy products and eggs), pattern 2 (rich in fish and poultry) and pattern 3 (rich in soy and legumes). After adjusting for potential confounders (energy intake, socioeconomic status and physical activity), being in the third compared to the first tertiles of pattern 2 was associated with increased (OR = 1.57; 95% CI: 1.09‐2.27; P = .01) and decreased (OR = 0.54; 95% CI: 0.32‐0.92; P = .02) risk of overweight/obesity and underweight/wasting, respectively. There was no association between other dietary patterns and risk of overweight/obesity or underweight/wasting.ConclusionsThe present study showed inverse association between the fish/white meat pattern and underweight/wasting and also a positive association between higher fish/white meat protein intake and higher risk of overweight/obesity. Further studies are needed to confirm these results.
Atypical Brucella sp in captive Australian green tree frogs (Litoria caerulea): clinical features, pathology, culture and molecular characterization
Authors: Latheef S , Keyburn A , Broz I , Bagnara A , Bayley C , Frith S , Dobson EC 
Published: March 2020

BackgroundBrucella spp. are globally important zoonotic bacteria, which have historically been considered pathogens of warm‐blooded species. More recently, new strains of Brucella have been cultured from a broader range of animals including terrestrial and marine mammals and amphibians. These new isolates are classified as ‘atypical’ brucellae and differ from the classical stains by host tropism, phenotypic traits or phylogenetic distance. Atypical Brucella have previously been described as the cause of localised and systemic infection in frogs.Case reportThis report describes the clinical features, pathology, microbiology and molecular characteristics of persistent Brucella spp. infection in two Australian green tree frogs and its isolation in an additional in‐contact, clinically well frog.ConclusionThe two frogs that died had severe nephritis attributed to brucellosis with disseminated infection identified in one animal.
Beneficial effects of paricalcitol on cardiac dysfunction and remodelling in a model of established heart failure
Authors: Tamayo María , Martín‐Nunes Laura , Val‐Blasco Almudena , G.M‐Piedras Maria José , Navarro‐García José Alberto , Lage Eduardo , Prieto Patricia , Ruiz‐Hurtado Gema , Fernández‐Velasco María , Delgado Carmen 
Published: March 2020

Background and PurposeThe synthetic vitamin D3 analogue paricalcitol acts as a selective activator of the vitamin D receptor (VDR). While there is evidence for cardioprotective effects of paricalcitol associated with the VDR pathway, less information is available about the structural and functional cardiac effects of paricalcitol on established heart failure (HF) and particularly its effects on associated electrophysiological or Ca2+ handling remodelling.Experimental ApproachWe used a murine model of transverse aortic constriction (TAC) to study the effect of paricalcitol on established HF. Treatment was initiated 4 weeks after surgery over five consecutive weeks, and mice were sacrificed 9 weeks after surgery. Cardiac MRI (CMRI) was performed 4 and 9 weeks after surgery. Hearts were used for biochemical and histological studies and to isolate ventricular myocytes for electrophysiological and calcium imaging studies.Key ResultsCMRI analysis revealed that, compared with vehicle, paricalcitol treatment prevented the progression of ventricular dilation and hypertrophy after TAC and halted the corresponding decline in ejection fraction. These beneficial effects were related to the attenuation of intracellular Ca2+ mishandling remodelling, antifibrotic and antihypertrophic effects and potentially antiarrhythmic effects by preventing the reduction of K+ current density and the long QT, JT and TpTe intervals observed in HF animals.Conclusion and ImplicationsThe results suggest that paricalcitol treatment in established HF hampers disease progression and improves adverse electrophysiological and Ca2+ handling remodelling, attenuating the vulnerability to HF‐associated ventricular arrhythmias. Paricalcitol may emerge as a potential therapeutic option in the treatment of HF.
Nestedness and turnover unveil inverse spatial patterns of compositional and functional β‐diversity at varying depth in marine benthos
Authors: Bevilacqua Stanislao , Terlizzi Antonio 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAimThe two additive components of β‐diversity, namely turnover and nestedness, reflect the two basic mechanisms underlying the overall change in species identities across the landscape, the replacement of species or their loss, respectively. Analogously, functional turnover and nestedness express the replacement or loss of functional traits associated with variations in community composition. However, the extent to which patterns of compositional and functional nestedness and turnover may overlap, or diverge, is still uncertain in marine environments. Here, patterns of turnover and nestedness were quantified in marine benthic assemblages in order to assess their relative contribution to spatial patterns of compositional and functional β‐diversity.LocationMediterranean Sea, NE Ionian Sea, Ionian Archipelago.MethodsIn this study, we investigated patterns of dissimilarity in species and functional trait composition in subtidal macrobenthic assemblages from Mediterranean islands in order to quantify compositional and functional β‐diversity among islands, determine the relative contributions of turnover and nestedness, and compare β‐diversity patterns occurring in shallow and deeper reefs.ResultsWe found a complex relationship between functional and compositional β‐diversity at varying depth. At 5 m, species and functional trait dissimilarity largely overlapped, with turnover being the dominant component in both cases. At 15 m, compositional β‐diversity was mostly due to turnover, with a negligible contribution of nestedness, whereas the opposite occurred for functional β‐diversity. Partitioning β‐diversity components revealed this discrepancy and the presence of functional hotspots, which would remain unnoticed analysing the overall compositional and functional β‐diversity.Main conclusionsOur findings may have profound implications for the optimization of conservation planning, stressing the need for assessing habitat‐dependent idiosyncrasies in components of functional and compositional β‐diversity for a more comprehensive picture of possible protection scenarios that, besides structure, may also allow preserving the functioning of marine communities.