bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TICs 167692429 and 220397947: the first compact hierarchical triple stars discovered with TESS
Authors: Borkovits T , Rappaport S A , Hajdu T , Maxted P F L , Pál A , Forgács-Dajka E , Klagyivik P , Mitnyan T 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT
We report the discovery and complex analyses of the first two compact hierarchical triple star systems discovered with TESS in or near its southern continuous viewing zone during Year 1. Both TICs 167692429 and 220397947 were previously unknown eclipsing binaries, and the presence of a third companion star was inferred from eclipse timing variations exhibiting signatures of strong third-body perturbations and, in the first system, also from eclipse depth variations. We carried out comprehensive analyses, including the simultaneous photodynamical modelling of TESS and archival ground-based WASP light curves, as well as eclipse timing variation curves. Also, for the first time, we included in the simultaneous fits multiple star spectral energy distribution data and theoretical PARSEC stellar isochrones, taking into account Gaia DR2 parallaxes and catalogued metallicities. We find that both systems have twin F-star binaries and a lower mass tertiary star. In the TIC 167692429 system, the inner binary is moderately inclined (imut = 27°) with respect to the outer orbit, and the binary versus outer (triple) orbital periods are 10.3 versus 331 d, respectively. The mutually inclined orbits cause a driven precession of the binary orbital plane that leads to the disappearance of binary eclipses for long intervals. In the case of TIC 220397947, the two orbital planes are more nearly aligned and the inner versus outer orbital periods are 3.5 and 77 d, respectively. In the absence of radial velocity observations, we were unable to calculate highly accurate masses and ages for the two systems. According to stellar isochrones TIC 167692429 might be either a pre-main sequence (MS) or an older post-MS system. In the case of TIC 220397947, our solution prefers a young pre-MS scenario.
The hTERT core promoter forms three parallel G-quadruplexes
Authors: Monsen Robert C , DeLeeuw Lynn , Dean William L , Gray Robert D , Sabo T Michael , Chakravarthy Srinivas , Chaires Jonathan B , Trent John O 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The structure of the 68 nt sequence with G-quadruplex forming potential within the hTERT promoter is disputed. One model features a structure with three stacked parallel G-quadruplex units, while another features an unusual duplex hairpin structure adjoined to two stacked parallel and antiparallel quadruplexes. We report here the results of an integrated structural biology study designed to distinguish between these possibilities. As part of our study, we designed a sequence with an optimized hairpin structure and show that its biophysical and biochemical properties are inconsistent with the structure formed by the hTERT wild-type sequence. By using circular dichroism, thermal denaturation, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, analytical ultracentrifugation, small-angle X-ray scattering, molecular dynamics simulations and a DNase I cleavage assay we found that the wild type hTERT core promoter folds into a stacked, three-parallel G-quadruplex structure. The hairpin structure is inconsistent with all of our experimental data obtained with the wild-type sequence. All-atom models for both structures were constructed using molecular dynamics simulations. These models accurately predicted the experimental hydrodynamic properties measured for each structure. We found with certainty that the wild-type hTERT promoter sequence does not form a hairpin structure in solution, but rather folds into a compact stacked three-G-quadruplex conformation.
Acetylation of MORC2 by NAT10 regulates cell-cycle checkpoint control and resistance to DNA-damaging chemotherapy and radiotherapy in breast cancer
Authors: Liu Hong-Yi , Liu Ying-Ying , Yang Fan , Zhang Lin , Zhang Fang-Lin , Hu Xin , Shao Zhi-Min , Li Da-Qiang 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMORC family CW-type zinc finger 2 (MORC2) is an oncogenic chromatin-remodeling enzyme with an emerging role in DNA repair. Here, we report a novel function for MORC2 in cell-cycle checkpoint control through an acetylation-dependent mechanism. MORC2 is acetylated by the acetyltransferase NAT10 at lysine 767 (K767Ac) and this process is counteracted by the deacetylase SIRT2 under unperturbed conditions. DNA-damaging chemotherapeutic agents and ionizing radiation stimulate MORC2 K767Ac through enhancing the interaction between MORC2 and NAT10. Notably, acetylated MORC2 binds to histone H3 phosphorylation at threonine 11 (H3T11P) and is essential for DNA damage-induced reduction of H3T11P and transcriptional repression of its downstream target genes CDK1 and Cyclin B1, thus contributing to DNA damage-induced G2 checkpoint activation. Chemical inhibition or depletion of NAT10 or expression of an acetylation-defective MORC2 (K767R) forces cells to pass through G2 checkpoint, resulting in hypersensitivity to DNA-damaging agents. Moreover, MORC2 acetylation levels are associated with elevated NAT10 expression in clinical breast tumor samples. Together, these findings uncover a previously unrecognized role for MORC2 in regulating DNA damage-induced G2 checkpoint through NAT10-mediated acetylation and provide a potential therapeutic strategy to sensitize breast cancer cells to DNA-damaging chemotherapy and radiotherapy by targeting NAT10.
Exact solutions of Mathieu’s equation
Authors: Daniel Derek J. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMathieu’s equation originally emerged while studying vibrations on an elliptical drumhead, so naturally, being a linear second-order ordinary differential equation with a Cosine periodic potential, it has many useful applications in theoretical and experimental physics. Unfortunately, there exists no closed-form analytic solution of Mathieu’s equation, so that future studies and applications of this equation, as evidenced in the literature, are inevitably fraught by numerical approximation schemes and nonlinear analysis of so-called stability charts. The present research work, therefore, avoids such analyses by making exceptional use of Laurent series expansions and four-term recurrence relations. Unexpectedly, this approach has uncovered two linearly independent solutions to Mathie’s equation, each of which is in closed form. An exact and general analytic solution to Mathieu’s equation, then, follows in the usual way of an appropriate linear combination of the two linearly independent solutions.
Physical Therapists and Physicians Evaluate Nonarthritic Hip Disease Differently: Results From a National Survey
Authors: Brown-Taylor Lindsey , Lynch Andrew , Foraker Randi , Harris-Hayes Marcie , Walrod Bryant , Vasileff W Kelton , Glaws Kathryn , Di Stasi Stephanie 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundPhysical therapy and surgery are viable treatment options for nonarthritic hip disease (NAHD). Interdisciplinary collaboration can help patients make informed treatment decisions. Understanding how each provider can contribute is a critical first step in developing collaborative evaluation efforts.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to describe the current evaluation of NAHD by both physical therapists and physicians, and evaluate national use of expert-recommended evaluation guidelines.DesignA national survey study distributed in the United States was implemented to accomplish the objective.MethodsA survey was distributed to 25,027 potential physical therapist and physician respondents. Respondents detailed their evaluation content for patients with NAHD across the following domains: patient-reported outcomes, patient history, special tests, movement assessment, clinical tests, and imaging. Respondents ranked importance of each domain using a 5-point Likert scale (not important, slightly important, important, very important, or extremely important). Odds ratios (ORs [95% CIs]) were calculated to identify the odds that physical therapists, compared with physicians, would report each evaluation domain as at least very important. Fisher exact tests were performed to identify statistically significant ORs.ResultsNine hundred and fourteen participants (3.6%) completed the survey. Physical therapists were more likely to indicate movement assessment (OR: 4.23 [2.99–6.02]) and patient-reported outcomes (OR: 2.56 [1.67–3.99]) as at least very important for determining a diagnosis and plan of care. Physical therapists had lower odds of rating imaging (OR: 0.09 [0.06–0.14]) and special tests (OR: 0.72 [0.53–0.98]) as at least very important compared with physicians.LimitationsThis survey study did not include many orthopedic surgeons and thus, primarily represents evaluation practices of physical therapists and nonsurgical physicians.ConclusionsPhysical therapists were more likely to consider movement assessment very important for the evaluation of patients with NAHD, whereas physicians were more likely to consider imaging and special testing very important.
Role of the Community Reinvestment Act in Mortgage Supply and the U.S. Housing Boom
Authors: Saadi Vahid 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
This paper studies the role of the Community Reinvestment Act (CRA) in the U.S. housing boom-bust cycle. I find that enhanced CRA enforcement in 1998 increased the growth rate of mortgage lending by CRA-regulated banks to CRA-eligible census tracts. I show that during the boom period house price growth was higher in the eligible census tracts because of the shift in mortgage supply of regulated banks. Consequently, these census tracts experienced a worse housing bust. I find that CRA-induced mortgages were awarded to borrowers with lower FICO scores and were more frequently delinquent.
Net return distributions when metaphylaxis is used to control bovine respiratory disease in high health-risk cattle
Authors: Dennis Elliott J , Schroeder Ted C , Renter David G 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis study’s objective was to estimate net returns and return risk for antimicrobial metaphylaxis options to manage bovine respiratory disease (BRD) in high health-risk feedlot cattle. The effectiveness of antimicrobials for metaphylaxis varies by cattle population. How differing antimicrobial effectiveness translates to net return profitability for heterogeneous cattle populations is less understood. Net returns and return risk were assessed using a net return simulation model adapted to allow for heterogeneity in high health-risk cattle placement characteristics and antimicrobial choice to control BRD. The net return model incorporated how antimicrobials modify BRD health and performance outcomes. Health and performance outcomes were calibrated from published literature and proprietary feedlot data. Proprietary data came from 10 Midwestern feedlots representing nearly 6 million animals and 50,000 cohorts. Twelve placement-by-metaphylaxis decision combinations were assessed: high health-risk steer placement demographics were 600 or 800 lb steers placed in Winter (Oct–Mar) or Summer (Apr–Sept) managed with one of three different health programs: “no metaphylaxis,” “Upper Tier” antimicrobial, or “Lower Tier” antimicrobial. Net return distributions were compared between “no metaphylaxis” and a specific antimicrobial tier within specific cattle populations. We found the expected incremental net return of administering an “Upper Tier” (“Lower Tier”) antimicrobial for metaphylaxis compared to “no metaphylaxis” for high health-risk steers was $122.55 per head ($65.72) for 600 lb and $148.65 per head ($79.65) for 800 lb winter placements. The incremental expected net return and risk mitigated by metaphylaxis varied by placement weight, season, and antimicrobial choice. The probability net returns would decline by at least $50 per head was significantly reduced (from approximately 4% to 40%) when any antimicrobial was used on high health-risk steers. Both tiers of antimicrobials used for metaphylaxis increased expected net returns and decreased net return variability relative to no metaphylaxis. Thus, feedlots were more certain and realize a greater profit on high health-risk pens of steers when metaphylaxis was used. This occurred because the reduction in cattle health and performance outcomes using any antimicrobial was sufficiently large to cover added initial and subsequent antimicrobial costs. Results aid in assessing metaphylaxis strategies in high health-risk cattle.
Terlipressin Increases Systemic and Lowers Pulmonary Arterial Pressure in Experimental Acute Pulmonary Embolism
Authors: Schultz Jacob , Andersen Asger , Lyhne Mads D. , Arcanjo Daniel D. R. , Kjaergaard Benedict , Simonsen Ulf , Nielsen-Kudsk Jens Erik 
Published: February 2020

Objectives:
We investigated whether the vasopressin-analog, terlipressin induces systemic vasoconstriction and pulmonary vasodilation in a porcine model of acute pulmonary embolism.

Design:
Controlled, animal study.

Setting:
Tertiary medical center research laboratory.

Subjects:
Female pigs (n = 12, Cross of Land Race, Duroc, and Yorkshire ~ 60 kg).

Interventions:
Acute pulmonary embolism was induced by administration of three large autologous emboli. Animals then received four increasing doses of either terlipressin (n = 6) or vehicle (n = 6).

Measurements and Main Results:
Effects were evaluated in vivo at baseline, after pulmonary embolism and after each dose by invasive hemodynamic measures, transesophageal echocardiography, and blood analysis. Isolated pulmonary arteries were evaluated ex vivo in a myograph. Pulmonary embolism caused a four-fold increase in pulmonary vascular resistance (p < 0.0001) and a two-fold increase in mean pulmonary arterial pressure (p < 0.0001) compared with baseline. Terlipressin increased mean systemic blood pressure (28 ± 5 mm Hg; p < 0.0001) and systemic vascular resistance (1,320 ± 143 dynes; p < 0.0001) compared with vehicle. In the pulmonary circulation, terlipressin decreased mean pulmonary arterial pressure (–6.5 ± 1.8 mm Hg; p = 0.005) and tended to decrease pulmonary vascular resistance (–83 ± 33 dynes; p = 0.07). Terlipressin decreased cardiac output (–2.5 ± 0.5 L/min; p < 0.0001) and increased plasma lactate (2.7 ± 0.2 mmol/L; p < 0.0001), possibly indicating systemic hypoperfusion. A biomarker of cerebral ischemia, S100b, remained unchanged, suggesting preserved cerebral perfusion (0.17 ± 0.11 µg/L; p = 0.51). Ex vivo, terlipressin relaxed pulmonary and constricted mesenteric arteries.

Conclusions:
Terlipressin caused systemic vasoconstriction and pulmonary vasodilation in a porcine in vivo model of acute pulmonary embolism and vasorelaxation in isolated pulmonary arteries. Despite positive vascular effects, cardiac output declined and plasma lactate increased probably due to a predominantly systemic vasoconstrictor effect of terlipressin. These findings should warrant careful translation to the clinical setting and does not suggest routine use in acute pulmonary embolism.
Vascular endothelial growth factor concentration in vitreous humor of patients with severe proliferative diabetic retinopathy after intravitreal injection of conbercept as an adjunctive therapy for vitrectomy
Authors: Li Bing , Li Meng-Da , Ye Jun-Jie , Chen Zhe , Guo Zi-Jian , Di Yu 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Background
Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) is a progressive stage of diabetic retinopathy featured by the formation of neovascular and proliferative membrane. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) acts as a pivot factor in the development of neovascularization. This study was to investigate the changes of intravitreal VEGF concentrations of severe PDR after intravitreal injection of conbercept (IVC) and its potential advantages to the following vitrectomy.

Methods
This was a prospective, interventional, randomized controlled study. Sixty eyes (60 patients) with severe PDR and 20 eyes from 20 patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment complicated with proliferative vitreoretinopathy were enrolled in this study. PDR eyes were randomly assigned to three groups by sortation randomization method with 20 eyes in each based on the interval of preoperative IVC (group A: 7 days, group B: 14 days, group C: non-IVC). Another 20 eyes without diabetes were enrolled as the non-diabetic control group (group D), receiving PPV directly. Vitreous specimens of all 80 patients were collected and evaluated afterwards. The intravitreal VEGF concentration of the four groups, and the total surgical time and the intraoperative bleeding rate of the PDR groups were recorded.

Results
The mean intravitreal VEGF concentrations of groups A–D were 66.6 ± 43.3, 93.1 ± 52.3, 161.4 ± 106.1 and 1.8 ± 1.2 pg/mL, respectively. It increased significantly in PDR patients (groups A, B and C) (P = 0.002, <0.001, and <0.001, respectively). PDR patients with preoperative IVC (groups A and B) presented significantly lower VEGF concentrations (P < 0.001 and 0.001), intraoperative bleeding rates (P = 0.004) and total surgical time (P < 0.001, P = 0.003) compared with group C. No statistical differences were presented between groups A and B on the three parameters.

Conclusion
Seven days and 14 days of preoperative IVC are equally efficient and safe for the vitrectomy of severe PDR patients through decreasing vitreous VEGF concentrations, intraoperative bleeding rate and total surgical times.
Treatment of Laser-Responsive Dermal Pigmentary Conditions in Type III-IV Asian Skin With a 755-nm Picosecond Pulse Duration Laser: A Retrospective Review of Its Efficacy and Safety
Authors: Koh Yun Pei , Tan Aaron Wei Min , Chua Sze Hon 
Published: February 2020

BACKGROUND
Picosecond lasers have become very popular in the treatment of hyperpigmentation.

OBJECTIVE
Evaluating the efficacy and safety of picosecond 755-nm laser in treatment of nevi of Ota (NO) and Hori's nevi (HN) in Asians with Fitzpatrick skin Types III/IV.

METHODS
A retrospective review of patient records at the National Skin Center, Singapore, from 2015 to 2017. Three independent blinded dermatologists assessed pre-and-post treatment photographs using the physician's global assessment (PGA) score (0-clear, 1-almost clear, 2-mild, 3-moderate, and 4-severe).

RESULTS
There were 18 cases of NO and 11 cases of HN. Mean treatment sessions were 2.22 (NO; range 1–6) and 3.82 (HN; range 1–6). In the NO group, mean pre-and-post treatment PGA scores were 3.1 and 1.3, respectively (1.8 point change, p-value 0.0002), and average fluence used was 2.02 J/cm2 (range: 1.02–2.38). In the HN group, mean pre-and-post treatment PGA scores were 2.6 and 1.1, respectively (1.5 point change, p-value 0.004), and average fluence was 2.08 J/cm2 (range: 1.98–3.40). Eleven patients (37.9%) experienced postlaser erythema, and 1 (3.4%) patient developed transient postlaser hypopigmentation. No permanent hyper/hypopigmentation was seen.

CONCLUSION
The picosecond 755-nm laser is effective in the treatment of dermal pigmentary conditions in Asians with Fitzpatrick skin Types III/IV, with minimal risk of postlaser complications, and compared with the center's past experience with the Q-switched nanosecond 1064-nm laser, results in faster and more effective pigment clearance.
Effect of an ultrasound-guided lung recruitment manoeuvre on postoperative atelectasis in children
Authors: Lee Ji-Hyun , Choi Seungeun , Ji Sang-Hwan , Jang Young-Eun , Kim Eun-Hee , Kim Hee-Soo , Kim Jin-Tae 
Published: February 2020

BACKGROUND
Ultrasound-guided alveolar recruitment, regardless of the technique, could be more effective because it facilitates real-time monitoring of the expansion of collapsed alveoli.

OBJECTIVES
To evaluate and compare the effects of an ultrasound-guided lung recruitment manoeuvre with those of a conventional recruitment manoeuvre on the occurrence of postoperative atelectasis and clinical outcomes in children.

DESIGN
A randomised controlled trial.

SETTING
Tertiary children's hospital.

PATIENTS
Children aged 6 years or less.

INTERVENTION
Children scheduled for simple, superficial procedures underwent lung ultrasound after tracheal intubation (T1), at the end of surgery (T2) and before discharge from the postanaesthesia care unit (T3). Following lung ultrasound evaluation at T1 and T2, the conventional recruitment manoeuvre with a maximal airway pressure of 30 cmH2O was performed in the control group, while an ultrasound-guided recruitment manoeuvre was performed in the ultrasound group.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
The primary outcome was the incidence of significant atelectasis at T3.

RESULTS
The incidences of atelectasis at T3 were 20.9 and 11.6% in the control (n = 43) and ultrasound groups (n = 43), respectively (odds ratio [OR], 2.012; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.614 to 6.594; P = 0.249). The lung ultrasound scores were better in the ultrasound group than in the control group at T2 and T3, and the incidence of postoperative desaturation was higher in the control group than in the ultrasound group (16.3 vs. 2.3%; OR, 0.12; 95% CI 0.01 to 1.04; P = 0.05). The median airway pressure required for full lung expansion in the ultrasound group was 35 cmH2O at T1 and T2. Other postoperative outcomes were similar between groups.

CONCLUSION
Ultrasound-guided lung recruitment may be more effective than the conventional procedure in terms of the prevention of intra-operative atelectasis and postoperative desaturation; however, its beneficial effects on postoperative atelectasis remain unclear. An inspiratory airway pressure of more than 30 cmH2O is required for full recruitment of alveoli in healthy children.

CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY
ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03453762).
Enhanced recovery after surgery for cesarean delivery
Authors: Suharwardy Sanaa , Carvalho Brendan 
Published: February 2020

Purpose of review
The aim of this article is to describe enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) and its application to cesarean delivery.

Recent findings
ERAS is a standardized, multidisciplinary approach to improving the care of surgical patients, from the preoperative planning through the surgery and postoperative period. ERAS is associated with many benefits, including improved patient outcomes and satisfaction as well as reduced length-of-stay and cost. Obstetric implementation of ERAS protocols has lagged compared to other surgical subspecialties. Given the volume of cesarean deliveries worldwide, improving the quality and cost of care through broad application of ERAS could have significant benefits.

Summary
ERAS pathways specific to cesarean delivery should be implemented and can improve the quality of care provided.
Mitochondrial function in women with polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Cozzolino Mauro , Seli Emre 
Published: February 2020

Purpose of review
To provide an overview of mitochondrial functional alterations in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Recent findings
Although numerous studies have focused on PCOS, the pathophysiological mechanisms that cause this common disease remain unclear. Mitochondria play a central role in energy production, and mitochondrial dysfunction may underlie several abnormalities observed in women with PCOS. Recent studies associated mtDNA mutations and low mtDNA copy number with PCOS, and set out to characterize the potential protective role of mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein responses (UPRmt and UPRer).

Summary
Mitochondrial dysfunction likely plays a role in the pathogenesis of PCOS by increasing reactive oxygen (ROS) and oxidative stress. This occurs in a metabolic milieu often affected by insulin resistance, which is a common finding in women with PCOS, especially in those who are overweight or obese. Mutations in mtDNA and low mtDNA copy number are found in these patients and may have potential as diagnostic modalities for specific PCOS phenotypes. More recently, UPRer and UPRmt are being investigated as potential cellular rescue mechanisms in PCOS, the failure of which may lead to apoptosis, and contribute to decreased reproductive potential.