bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Diffuse Ionized Gas Halo of the Small Magellanic Cloud
Authors: Smart B. M. , Haffner L. M. , Barger K. A. , Hill A. , Madsen G. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Observations with the Wisconsin

Mapper reveal a large, diffuse ionized halo that surrounds the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC). We present the first kinematic

survey of an extended region around the galaxy, from

to

and covering

. The ionized gas emission extends far beyond the central stellar component of the galaxy, reaching similar distances to that of the diffuse neutral halo traced by 21 cm observations.

emission extends several degrees beyond the sensitivity of current H i surveys toward smaller galactic longitudes and more negative galactic latitudes. The velocity field of the ionized gas near the SMC appears similar to the neutral halo of the galaxy. Using the observed emission measure as a guide, we estimate the mass of this newly revealed ionized component to be roughly

, which is comparable to the total neutral mass in the same region of

. We find ratios of the total ionized gas mass divided by the total neutral plus ionized gas mass in three distinct subregions to be: (1) 46%–54% throughout the SMC and its extended halo, (2) 12%–32% in the SMC Tail that extends toward the Magellanic Bridge, and (3) 65%–79% in a filament that extends away from the SMC toward the Magellanic Stream. This newly discovered, coherent

filament does not appear to have a well-structured neutral component and is also not coincident with two previously identified filaments traced by 21 cm emission within the Stream.
Complications of Prophylactic Argon Laser Treatment of Retinal Breaks and Degenerations in 2,000 Eyes
Authors: Mester U , Volker B , Kroll P , Berg P 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT
The decision to treat retinal breaks and degenerations prophylactically should be made with an awareness of the incidence of complications associated with argon laser photocoagulation (ALP). We evaluated retrospectively 2,000 eyes with retinal breaks and degenerations treated with ALP, with follow-up from 6 to 84 months (mean 46 months).
The only complications during photocoagulation were petectal intra- and p re retinal hemorrhages, which absorbed after a few days. Complications after treatment were limited to epiretinal membrane formation in the macular area in four eyes (0.2%). The applied laser energy in three of these four eyes was significantly greater (mean 34.4 mJ) than in the total 2,000 eyes (mean 7.2 ml). This finding supports the observation by other authors that extensive photocoagulation is associated with an increased incidence of epiretinal membrane formation.
Work, Family and School – Balanced Postgraduate Programs for Full-Time Workers in Finland
Authors: Koivisto Matti 
Published: December 2019

Today employees have to update their knowledge, skills and competencies to excel in the working world. Therefore, the number of adult students has increased in all forms and levels of education including universities. Adult students bring non-traditional characteristics to campuses including part-time enrollment, full-time employment, and increased family obligations. In this paper, an analytical model for analyzing different roles of professionals returning to university is developed. The model is then applied to describe the current support systems for adult learners in Finland and to analyze a Finnish postgraduate program solely targeted for professional returning to college. The findings of the study suggest that programs dedicated to adult learners help returning students to find a better balance between their work, family and school roles and thus overcome more easily the institutional, situational and dispositional barriers to study.
Advanced Medical Simulation: Interactive Videos and Rapid Cycle Deliberate Practice to Enhance Teamwork and Event Management – Effective Event Management During Simulated Obstetrical Cases
Authors: Salvetti Fernando , Gardner Roxane , Minehart Rebecca , Bertagni Barbara 
Published: December 2019

<p>This article is about an experiential coursework focused on learning and improving teamwork and event management during simulated obstetrical cases. Effective team management during a crisis is a core element of expert practice. Medical simulation can contribute enormously to enhance teamwork during a crisis, fostering situational awareness and contextual intelligence, as well as cognitive retention of essential steps and procedures to be performed during an ongoing crisis. A crisis management organizational approach known as Name-Claim-Aim is being used � to facilitate crisis management and decision making. Augmented and virtual reality technology (e-REAL) reproduces a variety of different emergent situations, � enabling learners to interact with multimedia scenarios and practice using Name-Claim-Aim in a virtual environment. Subsequently, learners rapidly cycle between deliberate practice and directed feedback within a high-fidelity simulation scenario until mastery is achieved.So far, the early findings show that visualization, if linked in interactive ways to the learners, allows for the better use of the neural processes and for better learning and meaningful behavior change.Non-invasive technologies to monitor patterns of neural activity during the program delivery will be introduced.</p>
Tenir sa bouche
Authors: Colleyn Jean-Paul 
Published: December 2019

Au Mali, le masque du N’tomo, emblème de la société d’initiation des jeunes garçons non encore circoncis, est en voie de disparition. Il s’agit d’un masque facial anthropomorphe, mais surmonté, d’une rangée de deux à onze cornes à la manière d’une fourche se présentant de face. La société initiatique du N’tomo imposait à ses membres des épreuves physiques et intellectuelles pour leur apprendre à contrôler leur parole et à garder les secrets. Dans cet essai, Jean-Paul Colleyn nous explique son rôle et les raisons pour lesquelles, sur le masque, la bouche est toujours très petite, discrète, à peine visible.
Nutritional quality of Cavendish banana (<em>Musa acuminata</em>, AAA) as affected by basil oil and determination of basil oil residues by GC-MS
Authors: Siriwardana Harshani , Abeywickrama Krishanthi , Kannangara Sagarika , Jayawardena Bimali 
Published: December 2019

The effectiveness of basil oil on the nutritional properties of Cavendish banana and chemical composition of basil oil and oil residue levels of treated banana fruits were evaluated in this study. Cavendish banana hands were treated with 1% alum (w/v), 1% alum (w/v) + 0.4% Ocimum basilicum (basil) oil, distilled water (control) and packaged in Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) bags and stored at a cold room at 12-14ºC. After two weeks of cold storage banana were induced ripened and nutritional contents of treated Cavendish banana were determined. Gas Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) was instrumental in identifying the chemical constituents of basil oil as well as residues in basil oil treated Cavendish banana peel after two weeks of storage at 12-14ºC. Nutritional properties of basil oil treated Cavendish banana showed no adverse changes compared to control. Methyl chavicol (estragole) was the most abundant component (74.44%) of basil oil followed by linalool (15.01%). GC-MS data revealed that negligible amount of residues of basil oil retained in treated Cavendish banana after 14 days. Basil oil treatment and subsequent modified atmosphere packaging of Cavendish banana is recommended as an ecofriendly strategy for air freight or long distance transport over land.
Relationship between anthropometric and electromyographic variables of the scapular muscles
Authors: Mendez-Rebolledo Guillermo , Guzman-Muňoz Eduardo , Concha-Araya Juan , Aravena-Falcon Matias , Galvez-Gonzalez Victor , Berral de la Rosa Francisco Jose 
Published: December 2019

PurposeTo determine the relationship between skinfolds and onset latency of scapular muscles in healthy young adults.MethodsA cross-sectional study was carried out at the Biomechanics and Motor Control Laboratory of Saint Thomas University, Talca, Chile. Overall, 36 participants between 18 and 24 years of age were selected. The axillary, pectoral, and subscapular skinfolds were measured, as well as the electromyographic onset latency of the scapular muscles (serratus
anterior and trapezius) when performing a voluntary arm abduction task. The Pearson correlation coefficient was used.ResultsThere was a positive correlation between the axillary skinfold and the lower trapezius (<i>r</i> = 0.51, <i>p</i> = 0.002) and serratus anterior (<i>r</i> = 0.53, <i>p</i> = 0.001) muscle onset latencies, and also between the subscapular skinfold and the lower trapezius (<i>r</i> = 0.38, <i>p</i> = 0.022) and serratus anterior (<i>r</i> = 0.73, <i>p</i> < 0.001) muscle onset latencies.ConclusionsDuring a voluntary abduction arm movement, a greater thickness of axillary and subscapular skinfolds is related to an increase in the lower trapezius and serratus anterior muscle onset latencies.
Can multimedia enhance tactical teaching-learning-training in soccer? The case of Sphero™
Authors: Hallé Petiot Grégory , Aquino Rodrigo , Lehmann Valérie 
Published: December 2019

PurposeThe study aimed to compare the players’ and coach’s individual perception of tactical competence before and after an intervention based on imagery techniques and a multimedia resource (Sphero<sup>TM</sup>).MethodsSphero<sup>TM</sup>, a teleguided miniature ball rolling in any direction, was applied to teach tactics before and during training sessions and games over a 5-week specific training program. The ball was used to represent a game ball, and cones were placed on a miniature soccer pitch to simulate the play and explain the coach’s directives. The execution and the understanding of pre-game directives were respectively evaluated by the coach and the players themselves, before and after the training program. An empirical pre-post treatment was used to compare 245 rates provided by 14 players of an under-14 amateur soccer team in Canada. Descriptive analysis was performed and the t-test or Wilcoxon test (<i>z</i>) were used for pairedcomparison (pre- vs. post-training). The statistical significance of the results was set at <i>p</i> < 0.05.ResultsAfter 5 weeks of training with the use of Sphero<sup>TM</sup>, results showed that the players appreciated their ability to play in accordance with directives, and that the coach was able to observe his directives through how they played, although the assessment scores of understanding remained the same.ConclusionsA teaching setup involving Sphero<sup>TM</sup> allowed a good understanding but training was necessary to reach better assessment scores for the actual application of the directives.
Effect of Mulligan upper cervical manual traction in the treatment of cervicogenic headache: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Khalil Mohamed A. , Alkhozamy Hamed , Fadle Salwa , Hefny Abdelsalam M. , Ismail Mostafa A. 
Published: December 2019

IntroductionCervicogenic headache (CGH) is a serious condition manifested by upper cervical facet joints dysfunction. Mulligan upper cervical sustained natural apophyseal glide was noted to be effective in CGH but Mulligan upper cervical manual traction (MUCMT) has not yet been investigated. The purpose of the study was to compare the effect of MUCMT vs. traditional treatment (TT) in patients with CGH.MethodsA randomized controlled prospective parallel single-blind trial was performed. Overall, 30 patients with CGH aged 30–55 years were randomly and equally allocated into the MUCMT group (A) and TT group (B) by using permuted block randomization. Group A participants were treated by TT and MUCMT while group B received hot packs, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, and deep cervical flexors strengthening exercise. Patients gained 3 sessions every week for 3 weeks followed by home exercise for 3 months. Pre-treatment, post-treatment, and follow-up values for all outcome measures were recorded. The primary outcome was headache intensity. Secondary outcomes involved headache frequency, headache duration, neck disability index, and upper cervical rotation range of motion.ResultsWithin groups, statistical analysis revealed a significant difference in the comparison of pre- vs. post-treatment and post-treatment vs. follow-up mean values of all outcomes. Between groups, no statistical significance was observed in post-treatment and follow-up data, with 1 exception regarding upper cervical range of motion in favour of MUCMT.ConclusionsMUCMT is an effective treatment in patients with CGH, mainly with regard to upper cervical rotation range of motion.
A regional atmosphere–ocean climate system model (CCLMv5.0clm7-NEMOv3.3-NEMOv3.6) over Europe including three marginal seas: on its stability and performance
Authors: Primo Cristina , Kelemen Fanni D. , Feldmann Hendrik , Akhtar Naveed , Ahrens Bodo 
Published: December 2019

Abstract. The frequency of extreme events has changed, having a
direct impact on human lives. Regional climate models help us to predict
these regional climate changes. This work presents an atmosphere–ocean
coupled regional climate system model (RCSM; with the atmospheric component
COSMO-CLM and the ocean component NEMO) over the European domain, including
three marginal seas: the Mediterranean, North, and Baltic Sea. To
test the model, we evaluate a simulation of more than 100 years
(1900–2009) with a spatial grid resolution of about 25 km. The simulation was
nested into a coupled global simulation with the model MPI-ESM in a
low-resolution configuration, whose ocean temperature and salinity were
nudged to the ocean–ice component of the MPI-ESM forced with the NOAA
20th Century Reanalysis (20CR). The evaluation shows the robustness of
the RCSM and discusses the added value by the coupled marginal seas over an
atmosphere-only simulation. The coupled system is stable for the complete
20th century and provides a better representation of extreme
temperatures compared to the atmosphere-only model. The produced long-term
dataset will help us to better understand the processes leading to
meteorological and climate extremes.
A global Budyko model to partition evaporation into interception and transpiration
Authors: Mianabadi Ameneh , Coenders-Gerrits Miriam , Shirazi Pooya , Ghahraman Bijan , Alizadeh Amin 
Published: December 2019

Abstract. Evaporation is a crucial flux in the hydrological cycle and links the water
and energy balance of a catchment. The Budyko framework is often used to
provide a first-order estimate of evaporation, as it is a straightforward
model with only rainfall and potential evaporation as required input. Many
researchers have improved the Budyko framework by including more physics and catchment characteristics in the original equation. However, the
parameterization of these improved Budyko models is not so straightforward,
is data demanding, and requires local knowledge that is difficult to obtain at
the global scale. In this paper we present an improvement of the previously
presented Gerrits' model (“Analytical derivation of the Budyko curve based
on rainfall characteristics and a simple evaporation model” in Gerrits et
al., 2009 WRR), whereby total evaporation is calculated on the basis of
simple interception and transpiration thresholds in combination with
measurable parameters like rainfall dynamics and storage availability from
remotely sensed data sources. While Gerrits' model was previously
investigated for 10 catchments with different climate conditions and where
some parameters were assumed to be constant, in this study we applied the
model at the global scale and fed the model with remotely sensed input data. The output of the model has been compared to two complex land-surface
models, STEAM and GLEAM, as well as the database of Landflux-EVAL. Our
results show that total evaporation estimated by Gerrits' model is in good
agreement with Landflux-EVAL, STEAM, and GLEAM. The results also show that
Gerrits' model underestimates interception in comparison to STEAM and
overestimates it in comparison to GLEAM, whereas the opposite is found for
transpiration. Errors in interception can partly be explained by differences in the definition of interception that successively introduce errors in the calculation of transpiration. Relating to the Budyko framework, the model shows a reasonable performance for the estimation of total evaporation. The results also found a unimodal distribution of the transpiration to precipitation fraction (EtP), indicating that both increasing and decreasing aridity will result in a decline in the fraction of transpired rainfall by plants for growth and metabolism.
The Allocation of Conditional Cash Transfer Programs: Political Motives and Voting Effects
Authors: Nupia Oskar 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis article reports evidence concerning both the political manipulation in the regional allocation of the largest conditional cash transfer program in Colombia, and the political rewards that the incumbent national government obtained in the presidential elections by providing this program. To do this, we use a comprehensive data set for Colombian municipalities during the expansion period of the program between 2005 and 2009. Our evidence shows that, although the incumbent government followed the preestablished criteria for program allocation across municipalities, this manipulated the allocation of subsidies by targeting intensively swing municipalities and less intensively loyal municipalities. Our findings also show that, even after controlling for the effect of the political manipulation of the program on the incumbent vote share, the incumbent national government was politically rewarded by the electorate for providing subsidies through the program. Taken together, our results suggest that voters rewarded the incumbent governing coalition not only for redirecting the subsidies of the program but also for the allocation of subsidies in itself.
Les idées linguistiques de Lucien Tesnière. Deuxième partie
Authors: Bidaud Samuel 
Published: December 2019

Cet article constitue la deuxième partie de notre étude sur les idées linguistiques de Lucien Tesnière, dont la première partie a paru dans le numéro précédent de Studies about languages. Après avoir analysé les idées linguistiques les plus théoriques de Tesnière, notamment sa syntaxe structurale, nous nous intéressons ici à l’aspect plus « appliqué » de sa linguistique, même si théorie et application sont souvent liées chez Tesnière et peuvent parfois être difficiles à dissocier. Nous analysons tout d’abord la conception de la didactique des langues étrangères et du français que Tesnière développe, en partie en se fondant sur les acquis de la syntaxe structurale. Nous nous penchons ensuite sur la place de la géographie linguistique dans l’œuvre de Tesnière, puisque ce dernier s’y consacre dès le début de sa carrière avec son doctorat sur le duel en slovène et l’Atlas linguistique qui en découle. Enfin, nous revenons sur l’intérêt que Tesnière a toujours témoigné pour la littérature et sur la traduction et l’analyse qu’il propose du poète Oton Joupantchitch dans son ouvrage Oton Joupantchitch, poète slovène : l’homme et l’œuvre de 1931. Nous nous interrogeons pour conclure sur les conseils aux jeunes linguistes formulés par Tesnière.
Incongruity-specific British and American Humour from the Perspective of Translation Studies
Authors: Nikonova Vira , Boiko Yana , Savina Yuliia 
Published: December 2019

The aim of this study is to reveal the interrelation between the national character of the comic, its cognitive mechanisms and the choice of the strategy while representing the comic in Ukrainian translations of J. K. Jerome’s and O. Henry’s flash fiction. First, using the methodological principles of Linguoculturology, we determine how sociocultural context influenced the British and American authors’ consciousness which determined the cultural aspect of their individual worldview and the specifics of their sense of humour. Then we identified the comically marked contexts in J. K. Jerome’s and O. Henry’s flash fiction using the methodology of linguopoetic research, and revealed the features of incongruity as the cognitive mechanisms of the comic in their works applying the methods of cognitive linguistics. At the final stage, we performed the translation analysis of the distinguished comically marked contexts evaluating the strategies used for representing the comic in Ukrainian translation.
The analysis of the research material elucidates the following conclusions. The cultural background of the British or American writer determines the specifics of incongruity (logical, notional, valorative and ontological) as the cognitive mechanisms of the comic embodied in their flash fiction which, in its turn, strongly influences the choice of the translation strategy. The comic in J. K. Jerome’s fiction is represented in Ukrainian translations mostly by using the strategies of preservation and localization, while O. Henry’s humour is rendered by using localization and addition. Hence, the strategies of representing the comic in Ukrainian translation highly depend on the comic pictures of the world of the author and the target reader.
Frame Semantics and Translation of Intertextuality
Authors: Tatsakovych Uliana 
Published: December 2019

The article investigates intertextuality and its translation in the context of frame semantics and R. Schank’s dynamic memory theory. The study provides an overview of linguistic and psychological theories examining the role of frames and visualisation in conceptualising reality and discusses their application to the understanding and translation of intertextuality. The theory of dynamic memory is used to explain the nature of textual and intertextual frames and build visual models of their mappings. Based on the analysis of 70 examples of the translation of intertextuality (quotations and allusions) from M. Atwood’s novel The Handmaid’s Tale and its Ukrainian translation, six translation techniques are identified. They are outlined on the basis of the transference of linguistic elements and the conceptual information activated by them (frame mappings, mental images). The examples are compared in terms of cognitive equivalence, which is also defined within the presented approach. The study generally adopts a broader view of intertextuality as a cognitive category and translation as a cognitive process to contribute to the development of cognitive poetics and cognitive translatology.
À partir d’ « (Une scène primitive ?) » : « Écrire pour s’interrompre » ou le tragique chez M. Blanchot
Authors: Durand Thierry 
Published: December 2019

L’article examine la présence du tragique dans la réflexion blanchotienne. À partir du commentaire des fragments de L’Écriture du désastre intitulés « (Une scène primitive ?) », l’analyse met en lumière l’irréconciliation fondamentale de l’homme avec lui-même, qui hante tout le travail de Blanchot. La réflexion porte dans un premier temps sur le paradoxe d’un savoir de soi à la fois nécessaire et défait. Elle souligne ensuite l’importance du corps impropre et de la dénaturation dans l’écriture blanchotienne et montre que c’est tout l’être qui se trouve mis à l’épreuve par l’intensité d’un pathos associé à une disconvenance à la fois originaire et immémoriale. L’analyse montre dans un troisième temps que la réflexion sur le fragment comme dire de l’être doit être interprétée chez Blanchot comme l’expérience tragique, à la fois désappropriatrice et jubilatoire, d’une errance ontologique.