bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metalloproteomics for molecular target identification of protein-binding anticancer metallodrugs
Authors: Steel Tasha R , Hartinger Christian G 
Published: October 2020

AbstractProteomics has played an important role in elucidating the fundamental processes occuring in living cells. Translating these methods to metallodrug research (‘metalloproteomics’) has provided a means for molecular target identification of metal-based anticancer agents which should signifcantly advance the research field. In combination with biological assays, these techniques have enabled the mechanisms of action of metallodrugs to be linked to their interactions with molecular targets and aid understanding of their biological properties. Such investigations have profoundly increased our knowledge of the complex and dynamic nature of metallodrug–biomolecule interactions and have provided, at least for some compound types, a more detailed picture on their specific protein-binding patterns. This perspective highlights the progression of metallodrug proteomics research for the identification of non-DNA targets from standard analytical techniques to powerful metallodrug pull-down methods.
A search for millimeter emission from the coldest and closest brown dwarf with ALMA
Authors: Petry Dirk , Ivanov Valentin D. 
Published: October 2020

Context. WISE J085510.83−071442.5 (W0855) is a unique object: with Teff ≈ 250 K it is the coldest known brown dwarf (BD), located at only ≈2.2 pc form the Sun. It is extremely faint, which makes any astronomical observations difficult. However, at least one remotely similar ultra-low-mass object, the M9 dwarf TVLM 513-46546, has been shown to be a steady radio emitter at frequencies up to 95 GHz with superimposed active states where strong, pulsed emission is observed.
Aims. Our goal is to determine the millimeter radio properties of W0855 with deep observations around 93 GHz (3.2 mm) in order to investigate whether radio astrometry of this object is feasible and to measure or set an upper limit on its magnetic field.
Methods. We observed W0855 for 94 min at 85.1–100.9 GHz on 24 December 2019 using 44 of the Atacama Large millimeter Array (ALMA) 12 m antennas. We used the standard ALMA calibration procedure and created the final image for our analysis by accommodating the Quasar 3C 209, the brightest nearby object by far. Furthermore, we created a light curve with a 30 s time resolution to search for pulsed emission.
Results. Our observations achieve a noise RMS of 7.3 μJy beam−1 for steady emission and of 88 μJy for 30 s pulses in the aggregated bandwidth (Stokes I). There is no evidence for steady or pulsed emission from the object at the time of the observation. We derive 3σ upper limits of 21.9 μJy on the steady emission and of 264 μJy on the pulsed emission of W0855 between 85 GHz and 101 GHz.
Conclusions. Together with the recent non-detection of W0855 at 4–8 GHz, our constraints on the steady and pulsed emission from W0855 confirm that the object is neither radio-loud nor magnetospherically particularly active.
Recent Advances in Catalytic Enantioselective Synthesis of Pyrazolones with a Tetrasubstituted Stereogenic Center at the 4-Position
Authors: Pedro José R. , Vila Carlos , Carceller-Ferrer Laura , Blay Gonzalo 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPyrazolone [2,4-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-4-one] represents one of the most important five-membered nitrogen heterocycles which is present in numerous pharmaceutical drugs and molecules with biological activity. Recently, many catalytic methodologies for the asymmetric synthesis of chiral pyrazolones have been established with great success, specially, for the synthesis of pyrazolones bearing a tetrasubstituted stereocenter at C-4. This review summarizes these excellent research studies since 2018, including representative examples and some mechanistic pathways explaining the observed stereochemistry.1	Introduction2	Catalytic Enantioselective Synthesis of Chiral Pyrazolones with a Full Carbon Tetrasubstituted Stereocenter at C-43	Catalytic Enantioselective Synthesis of Chiral Pyrazolones with a Quaternary Carbon Stereocenter at C-4 bearing a Heteroatom4	Catalytic Enantioselective Synthesis of Chiral Spiropyrazolones5	Conclusion
Adenomyosis: Mechanisms and Pathogenesis
Authors: Zhai Junyu , Vannuccini Silvia , Petraglia Felice , Giudice Linda C. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAdenomyosis is a common disorder of the uterus, and is associated with an enlarged uterus, heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB), pelvic pain, and infertility. It is characterized by endometrial epithelial cells and stromal fibroblasts abnormally found in the myometrium where they elicit hyperplasia and hypertrophy of surrounding smooth muscle cells. While both the mechanistic processes and the pathogenesis of adenomyosis are uncertain, several theories have been put forward addressing how this disease develops. These include intrinsic or induced (1) microtrauma of the endometrial–myometrial interface; (2) enhanced invasion of endometrium into myometrium; (3) metaplasia of stem cells in myometrium; (4) infiltration of endometrial cells in retrograde menstrual effluent into the uterine wall from the serosal side; (5) induction of adenomyotic lesions by aberrant local steroid and pituitary hormones; and (6) abnormal uterine development in response to genetic and epigenetic modifications. Dysmenorrhea, HMB, and infertility are likely results of inflammation, neurogenesis, angiogenesis, and contractile abnormalities in the endometrial and myometrial components. Elucidating mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of adenomyosis raise possibilities to develop targeted therapies to ameliorate symptoms beyond the current agents that are largely ineffective. Herein, we address these possible etiologies and data that support underlying mechanisms.
Company versus consumer performance: does brand community identification foster brand loyalty and the consumer’s personal brand?
Authors: Confente Ilenia , Kucharska Wioleta 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis study investigates the effect of community identification in building brand loyalty (attitudinal and behavioural) and a personal brand via social networks. The proposed model explained the main community identification antecedents and how identification can lead to enhanced company and consumer performance. This study adopts the theoretical lens of uses and gratifications theory and identifies three motivational drivers of community identification: relationship-oriented motives, self-oriented motives and brand content-oriented motives. The data were analysed with a structural equation modelling method based on a convenience sample collected through a survey. This study extends the body of knowledge about the outcomes from an active social media usage, based on a UGT perspective. It relates community identification and its drivers to loyalty. Besides, it links community identification with personal branding, which is considered as a vital outcome expected by social media users. The findings suggested that self-oriented motives represented a key driver for taking part in an online community. In addition, community identification represents to be an important antecedent to build attitudinal loyalty rather than behavioural loyalty. Consequently, community identification was also found to be a significant driver for building a user’s personal brand.
One health in history.
Authors: Bresalier Michael , Cassidy Angela , Woods Abigail 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

This chapter outlines the history of One Health. The first section of the chapter analyses intersections between human and animal health in the premodern era, to reveal how deeply animals and animal health were embedded within human medicine. The second section extends from the late 18th-century foundation of the veterinary profession until the turn of the 20th century. It tracks the evolving relationship between the veterinary and medical professions, and how, as scientific ideas and practices changed, new links were forged between human and animal bodies and diseases. The third section extends this analysis into the 20th century, focusing particularly on the changing status of animals within medical research, and on international efforts to develop comparative medicine and veterinary public health. The conclusion reflects on the importance of these findings for history and for One Health today.
Grappling with complexity: the context for one health and the ecohealth approach.
Authors: Bunch Martin J. , Waltner-Toews David 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

In this chapter, the nature of the problems that the ecohealth approach is intended to address were discussed and presents an overview of the ecosystem approach, a transdisciplinary conception of health, and principles and guidelines that bring these together in the ecosystem approach to health and well-being.
The role of social sciences in one health - reciprocal benefits.
Authors: Whittaker Maxine , Obrist Brigit , Berger-González Mónica 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

This chapter discusses the role of social sciences in developing a deeper understanding of diverse perspectives of health and illness in animals and humans, as well as in contributing to improve services and programmes using a One Health approach. Drawing on evaluated and ongoing examples from various countries, the authors demonstrate the added value of social sciences to address common local or global health problems using a One Health approach. The presentation and discussion of these examples allows for an exploration of various key aspects, ranging from diverse understandings of health risks, protection, responses, implementing interventions and health communications as well as questions of equity of access and benefit. Theories and approaches in anthropology and other social sciences frame the discussion. This analysis adds further value to social sciences' contribution to One Health and One Health's contribution to social sciences in research and in programme implementation.
Animal-human transmission models.
Authors: Chitnis Nakul , Zinsstag Jakob , Fuhrimann Samuel , Hattendorf Jan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

In this chapter the authors primarily focused on the diseases of the first categories (i.e. without human-to-human transmission or with limited human-to-human transmission), which clearly require an intervention in the animal reservoir and in food safety or improved sanitation in order to interrupt transmission to humans.
One health leadership and team building training.
Authors: Pelican Katharine , Blair Benjamin , Adisasmito Wiku , Allen Ian , Amir Vilda , Bazeyo William , Errecaborde Kaylee , Thi Huong Le , Mahero Michael , Wanzala Sylvia , Bender Jeffrey 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

In this chapter, The authors presented five case studies on OH leadership and team building programmes and approaches and then compare them to determine what competencies they are emphasizing as critical in their cultural and operational context. Case studies were selected to represent OH leadership and team building programmes within country and regional contexts. The cases discussed include the: (i) Global Health True Leaders (GHTL) programme in Indonesia; (ii) International Master of Public Health OH-oriented programme at Hanoi Medical University (HMU) in Vietnam; (iii) Engaging Intergovernmental Organizations (EIO)program at the University of Minnesota in the USA; (iv) One Health Systems Mapping and Analysis Resource Toolkit (OH-SMARTTM), implemented in 18 countries; and (v) multidisciplinary OH field attachments/placement programmes implemented by the One Health Central and Eastern Africa (OHCEA)university network in eight countries. All of these programmes were supported, in part, by the USAID One Health Workforce (OHW) Project. In presenting and analysing these case studies, this chapter provides examples of five field-validated programmes involving OH leadership and what competencies they identified as critical to OH leadership in their context.
Emergence of antimicrobial resistance and interaction between humans, animals and environment.
Authors: Szelecsenyi Arlette , Meier Helene , Spinner Keira , Vonaesch Pas Cale , Zinsstag Jakob , Widmer Andreas F. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

This chapter discussed the management of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) under the One Health programme and presents examples of AMR in hospital germs circulating between animals and humans as well as discussed some evidences of environmental-animal-human AMR exchange.
Brucellosis surveillance and control: a case for one health.
Authors: Schelling Esther , Kasymbekov Joldoshbek , Baljinnyam Zolzaya , Roth Felix , Dean Anna , Zinsstag Jakob 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

This chapter describes a One Health approach to Brucella melitensis, B. abortus and B. suis for epidemiological assessments, surveillance and laboratory capacity, cross-sector economics and practical control options in Central Asia and Sahelian Africa.
One health into action: integrating global health governance with national priorities in a globalized world.
Authors: Okello Anna , Vandersmissen Alain , Welburn Susan C. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

This chapter describes the evolution of global health governance (GHG), from the early years of international health diplomacy in the 19th century, to a discussion of the systems, actors and networks that currently hold a stake in GHG today. The various options, considerations and challenges that may be required to sustainably operationalize One Health on a global scale in the future are analysed, based on the changing relationships between health policy and practice.
Movement form of the overarm throw for children at 6, 10 and 14 years of age
Authors: Palmer Hannah A. , Newell Karl M. , Mulloy Franky , Gordon Dan , Smith Lee , Williams Genevieve K. R. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis study investigated overarm throwing technique at different developmental ages in children from the perspective of three distinct, though potentially complementary, approaches to motor skill acquisition. Children at 6, 10, and 14 years of age (N = 18), completed dominant overarm throws during which whole‐body kinematic data were collected. Firstly, application of Newell's ([1985]. Coordination, control and skill. In Advances in Psychology (Vol. 27, pp. 295–317). North‐Holland.) stages of learning identified three distinct age‐related coupling modes between forward motion of the centre‐of‐mass (CoM) and the wrist, which demonstrated a greater range of couplings for older children. Secondly, in line with Bernstein's ([1967]. The coordination and regulation of movement. London: Pergamon Press.) hypothesis of freezing before freeing degrees of freedom, a significantly smaller range of motion (ROM) at the ankle and knee joints, but greater ROM at the hip and upper limb joints was found for the 6 year old group compared to the 10 and 14 year old groups. Thirdly, based on the components model (Roberton & Halverson [1984]. Developing children‐their changing movement: A guide for teachers. Lea & Febiger.), the overarm throws demonstrated by 6 year olds were characterised as primitive to intermediate, where 10 and 14 year old's throws were characterised by the penultimate action level for each component. Characteristics of CoM‐wrist coupling more clearly identify children's age‐related technique and highlight the importance of posture‐ball release dynamics. The posture‐ball dynamics were supported by changes in ROM and the components model, revealing the complementary nature of the three approaches to the analysis of age‐related differences in overarm throwing action.
Basis and effects of ion migration on photovoltaic performance of perovskite solar cells
Authors: Zhou Wenke , Gu Juan , Yang Zhiqian , Wang Mingyang , Zhao Qing 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Halide perovskite materials, which are emerging as some of the most promising candidates for photovoltaics, have been widely studied and have been certified as demonstrating a comparable efficiency to single-crystal silicon solar cells. However, their low stability poses a challenge for commercialization. External impediments, like moisture, heat, and UV light, can be addressed by strict encapsulation; nevertheless, ion migration remains. The migrated ions will bring in a growing number of charged defects and phase segregation to bulk perovskite; they will cause interfacial band doping and degradation of the carrier transport layer, which will greatly hinder carrier transportation. Those effects are the origins of perovskite intrinsic instability. Thus, a thorough understanding of the operational mechanism of ion migration is urgent for the fabrication of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with improved stability. Here, we systemically summarize the factors governing ion migration in perovskite film and the associated impact on the performance of PSCs. Light illumination, organic cations, grain boundaries, residue lattice strain and moisture have been found to make ion migration easier. Strategies developed to suppress the ion migration are also interspersed in each section.
Real-time observation of ion migration in halide perovskite by photoluminescence imaging microscopy
Authors: Zhang Jing , Li Cheng , Chen Mengyu , Huang Kai 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The stability issue of organometal halide perovskite optoelectronic devices, e.g. the current–voltage –hysteresis effect and the degradation of the device performance under external light/electric field, are closely related to the ionic movement inside perovskite materials. However, our understanding of ionic properties is still at a relatively preliminary stage, and the detailed dynamic process of ionic movement in perovskite materials is controversial. Photoluminescence (PL) imaging microscopy, as a versatile real-time observation and characterization method, has become a powerful tool to explore the ionic movement in different material systems. This review firstly summarizes the development of PL imaging microscopy for ion migration characterization in perovskite materials. Secondly, combined with the wide-field PL imaging microscope, the dynamic process of ion migration in halide perovskite materials is further discussed. Thirdly, the observations of the degradation process and the ion migration suppression in different perovskite optoelectronic devices characterized by PL imaging microscopy are also introduced. This methodology is of significance for the deep understanding of the interaction between carriers/defect ions in perovskite materials, and provides guidance to further improve the stability and efficiency of perovskite optoelectronic devices.
Chemistry of ruthenium as an electrode for metal–insulator–metal capacitor application
Authors: Jung Eui Young , Bang Jeongil , Hwang Ji Hyeon , Han Dong Hee , Kim Youngjin , Kim Haeryong , Jeon Woojin 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Notwithstanding its excellent properties such as high work function and low resistance, Ru has not been widely applied in the preparation of electrodes for various electronic devices. This is because of the occurrence of severe morphological degradation in the actual devices employing Ru. Herein, we investigated Ru chemistry for electrode application and the degradation mechanism of Ru during subsequent processes such as thin film deposition or thermal annealing. We revealed that subsurface oxygen induces Ru degradation owing to the alteration of Ru chemistry by the pretreatment under various gas ambient conditions and due to the growth behavior of TiO2 deposited via atomic layer deposition (ALD). The degradation of Ru is successfully ameliorated by conducting an appropriate pretreatment prior to ALD. The TiO2 thin film deposited on the pretreated Ru electrode exhibited a rutile-phased crystal structure and smooth surface morphology, thereby resulting in excellent electrical properties. This paper presents an important development in the application of Ru as the electrode that can facilitate the development of various next-generation electronic devices.
Geometrically self-similar ion acceleration in collisionless plasma beam expansion
Authors: Hu Yuan , Wang Joseph , Sun Quanhua 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Fully kinetic particle-in-cell simulations are carried out to study ion acceleration in a geometrically expanding plasma beam. The ion acceleration is demonstrated to be essentially self-similar. An analytical model is developed for ion acceleration evaluation. The plasma plume is found to be fully expanded after about 20 times of the beam radius (R
0) downstream of the beam exit, where the ion velocity reaches the maximum. The maximum ion velocity increase is about twice of the initial ion acoustic speed. Hence, to minimize the facility effects on plasma plume experiments in a vacuum chamber, the chamber needs to provide a plume expansion region of at least 20R
0 along the beam direction so the expansion process is not terminated prematurely.
The local kinetic energy density revisited
Authors: Jiang Hao 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Kinetic energy density (KED) plays a fundamental role in density functional theory, chemical bonding, etc. As a basic quantity, its definition is ambiguous, which will inevitably exert unpredictable adverse effects on application. We derive another form of local total energy density (ED) and KED based on the perturbation theory. Contrary to popular belief, our study reveals that energy is only distributed inside the potential well and exactly fills the entire potential well. It seems that the ambiguity of the quantum definition of total ED is eliminable by the stability of energy distribution, and there is a one-to-one correspondence between this form of KED and total ED. As a result, the ambiguity of the KED is also eliminable. Moreover, this new form of local KED ‘selectively’ agrees well with the key regions of other commonly used ones. However, it is much less localized than other forms. Its locality features imply that it may provide a native way to describe the strong correlation and the van der Waals interactions.
Quantum geometric machine learning for quantum circuits and control
Authors: Perrier Elija , Tao Dacheng , Ferrie Chris 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The application of machine learning techniques to solve problems in quantum control together with established geometric methods for solving optimisation problems leads naturally to an exploration of how machine learning approaches can be used to enhance geometric approaches for solving problems in quantum information processing. In this work, we review and extend the application of deep learning to quantum geometric control problems. Specifically, we demonstrate enhancements in time-optimal control in the context of quantum circuit synthesis problems by applying novel deep learning algorithms in order to approximate geodesics (and thus minimal circuits) along Lie group manifolds relevant to low-dimensional multi-qubit systems, such as SU(2), SU(4) and SU(8). We demonstrate the superior performance of greybox models, which combine traditional blackbox algorithms with whitebox models (which encode prior domain knowledge of quantum mechanics), as means of learning underlying quantum circuit distributions of interest. Our results demonstrate how geometric control techniques can be used to both (a) verify the extent to which geometrically synthesised quantum circuits lie along geodesic, and thus time-optimal, routes and (b) synthesise those circuits. Our results are of interest to researchers in quantum control and quantum information theory seeking to combine machine learning and geometric techniques for time-optimal control problems.