bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mitochondrial DNA drives noncanonical inflammation activation via cGAS–STING signaling pathway in retinal microvascular endothelial cells
Authors: Guo Yue , Gu Ruiping , Gan Dekang , Hu Fangyuan , Li Gang , Xu Gezhi 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Pathological stimuli cause mitochondrial damage and leakage of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) into the cytosol, as demonstrated in many cell types. The cytosolic mtDNA then drives the activation of noninfectious inflammation. Retinal microvascular endothelial cells (RMECs) play an important role in the inner endothelial blood–retinal barrier (BRB). RMEC dysfunction frequently occurs in posterior-segment eye diseases, causing loss of vision. In this study, we investigated the involvement of cytosolic mtDNA in noninfectious immune inflammation in RMECs under pathological stimuli.Methods RMECs were stimulated with 100 ng/ml lipopolysaccharide (LPS), 200 μM hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), or 25 mM d -glucose. After 24 h, immunofluorescent staining was used to detect the opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP). Cytosolic mtDNA was detected with immunofluorescent staining and PCR after stimulation. mtDNA was then isolated and used to transfect RMECs in vitro, and the protein levels of cGAS were evaluated with western blotting. Real-time PCR was used to examine cGAS mRNA expression levels at different time points after mtDNA stimulation. The activation of STING was detected with immunofluorescent staining 6 h after mtDNA stimulation. Western blotting was used to determine the phosphorylation status of TBK1, IRF3, and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) P65, and the nuclear translocation of IRF3 and NF-κB P65 at 0, 3, 6, 12, and 24 h. The mRNA expression of proinflammatory cytokines CCL4, CXCL10, IRF1, and IFNB1 was determined with real-time PCR, together with the concentrations of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) mRNA.Results Pathological stimuli caused mtDNA to leak into the cytosol by opening the MPTP in RMECs after 24 h. Cytosolic mtDNA regulated the expression of cGAS and the distribution of STING in RMECs. It promoted TBK1, IRF3, and NF-κB phosphorylation and the nuclear translocation in RMECs at 12 and 24 h after its transfection. The mRNAs of proinflammatory cytokines CCL4, CXCL10, IRF1, and IFNB1 were significantly elevated at 12 and 24 h after mtDNA stimulation.Conclusions Pathological stimulation induces mtDNA escape into the cytosol of RMECs. This cytoplasmic mtDNA is recognized by the DNA sensor cGAS, increasing the expression of inflammatory cytokines through the STING–TBK1 signaling pathway.
Intraoperative hypotension is associated with shortened overall survival after lung cancer surgery
Authors: Huang Wen-Wen , Zhu Wen-Zhi , Mu Dong-Liang , Ji Xin-Qiang , Li Xue-Ying , Ma Daqing , Wang Dong-Xin 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Intraoperative hypotension is associated with worse perioperative outcomes, but evidence is lacking regarding long-term survival after cancer surgery. Herein, we analyzed the association between intraoperative blood pressure fluctuation and overall survival after lung cancer surgery. Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, 676 patients who received lung cancer surgery between January 1, 2006 and December 31, 2009 were reviewed. Intraoperative hyper- and hypotension were defined according to their correlation with long-term survival. The primary endpoint was overall survival. The association between intraoperative blood pressure fluctuation and overall survival was analyzed with multivariable Cox proportional hazard models. Results: Long-term follow-ups were completed in 515 patients with a median duration of 5.2 years. The estimated 5-year survival rates were 66.5%, 61.3%, 56.5%, and 41.2% in patients with only hypertension (systolic blood pressure >140 mmHg for ³5 minutes), with both hyper- and hypotension (systolic blood pressure <100 mmHg for ³5 minutes), with neither hyper- nor hypotension, and with only hypotension during surgery, respectively. After adjusting confounding factors, intraoperative hypotension was significantly associated with shortened overall survival (compared with patients with only intraoperative hypertension, those with both hyper- and hypotension: hazard ratio [HR]1.033, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.709 to 1.507, p=0.864; those with neither hyper- nor hypotension: HR 0.952, 95% CI 0.608 to 1.489, p=0.829; those with only hypotension: HR 1.736, 95% CI 1.218 to 2.475, p=0.002). Conclusions: For patients undergoing lung cancer surgery, intraoperative hypotension, but not hypertension, was associated with shortened overall survival.
Comparison of a flexible versus rigid bone cement injection system in unilateral percutaneous vertebroplasty.
Authors: li yuwei , cui wei , zhou peng , li cheng , wen yan , xiao wei 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) has been demonstrated to be effective in the treatment of acute osteoporotic vertebral fracture (AOVF). However, bilateral puncture takes more time to accept more X-ray irradiation; some scholars apply unilateral puncture PVP, but the cement cannot be symmetrically distributed in the vertebral body, so we use a flexible cement injector that undergoes PVP through the unilateral pedicle puncture. This research aims to compare the clinical results of PVP for AOVF with unilateral pedicle puncture using a straight bone cement injector and a bendable cement injector, determine the value of a bendable cement injector.Methods: We undertook a retrospective analysis of patients with thoracic and lumbar compression fracture treated with unilateral pedicle puncture Percutaneous vertebroplasty from our institution from June 2013 to July 2015. Operation time, radiation exposure, bone cement injection amount, and the incidence of bone cement leakage were recorded on presentation, the cement leakage was measured by x-ray and computed tomography scan. The patients were followed up postoperatively and were assessed mainly with regard to clinical and radiological outcomes.Results: There was no significant difference in the operation time, radiation exposure time and incidence of bone cement leakage between the two groups. There was significant difference in the amount of bone cement injection and the difference between the two groups. there were no significant differences in VAS and the relative height of the vertebral body and local Cobb angle and QUALEFFO between 2 groups at 1 week after PVP, only significant difference was observed between 12 months after operation.Conclusions: Application of flexible cement injector is safe and feasible,Compared with the application of straight bone cement injector, without prolonging the operative time, radiation exposure time and the incidence of bone cement leakage, it has the advantages of good long-term effect and low incidence of vertebral fracture recurrence.
Investigating Research Hotspots and Publication Trends of Spinal Stenosis: A Bibliometric Analysis during 2000-2018
Authors: Yang Keda , Pei Lei , Wen Kaicheng , Zhou Siming , Tao Lin 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Spinal stenosis is a common elderly disease, present in a variety of forms. High incidence forces researchers to pay more attention and give countermeasures. Our study aimed to conclude the knowledge hierarchy and research anticipation of spinal stenosis according to bibliometric analysis.Methods: Admitted published papers were obtained from Web of Science Core collection and PubMed database. Bibliometric analysis was conducted by using online analysis software CiteSpace and Bibliographic Item Co-Occurrence Matrix Builder (BICOMB). Exported major MeSH terms were further biclustered with gCLUTO according to co-word analysis. Then the research hotspots and publication trends were identified based on the high-frequency MeSH terms.Results: 5606 scientific literatures were retrieved about spinal stenosis and the number maintained a roughly increasing trend from 108 in 2000 to 512 in 2018, only declining in 2011. The United States is the country keeping an academic leadership in this field. And the journal SPINE was the most authoritative with total 695 articles and average 12.73 citations. There were 17 major and 18 expanded MeSH terms extracted after bibliometric analysis. Co-word and biclustering analysis revealed seven research hotspots involved in etiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestation, conservative treatment, operative indication, internal implantation and postoperative complications. Conclusions: In this study, we revealed the research hotspots in spinal stenosis focusing on the pathogenesis and surgical treatment. Narrowing caused by the pathological change of flavum ligamentum hypertrophy and posterior longitudinal ligament ossification attracts more attention in recent years. Besides, minimally invasive surgery and internal implantation fixation are more valid in clinical. Refining pathological classification, optimizing surgical method and instrument property will be an expectable direction of spinal stenosis.
Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis does not Influence the Outcome Following Cruciate-retaining Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Case- Control Study with Middle-term Follow-up Minimum 5-Year Follow-up
Authors: Lin Wei , Dai Yike , Niu Jinghui , Yang Guangmin , Li Ming , Wang Fei 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) is a rare synovial disease with benign hyperplasia, which has been successfully treated with total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The purpose of this study was to investigate the middle-term follow-up results of cruciate-retaining (CR) total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in PVNS patients.Methods: 17 patients with PVNS were treated with CR TKA between 2012 and 2014. 68 patients with osteoarthritis (OA) who received CR TKA as control group. The two groups matched in a 4:1 ratio based on age,gender, body mass index (BMI) and follow-up time. In the two groups, the range of motion (ROM), Knee Society Score (KSS), revision rate, disease recurrence, complications and the survivorship curve of Kaplan-Meier implant were compared. Results: All patients were followed up at least 7 years. At the last follow-up, no patients with recurrence of PVNS were found. There was no difference in KSS between the two groups, and no patients experienced infection and death. In the PVNS group, 3 patients had stiffness complications but did not need revision. 1 patient underwent revision surgery due to periprosthetic fracture. At 7 years,the implant survivorship was 90.0% in the PVNS group and 96.6% in the control group (p = 0.54).Conclusions: This study demonstrates that the function of PVNS patients who received CR TKA has been significantly improved. The survival rate of implants in PVNS patients is similar to that of OA patients. Consequently, PVNS patients who treated with CR TKA may be an achievable option. However, patients with PVNS should pay more attention to the occurrence of postoperative stiffness complications.
Inability to Obtain Sperm for Fresh IVF Cycles: Analysis and Incidence of Outcomes Using a National Database
Authors: Berger Alexandra Joice , Raup Valary , Ghayda Ramy Abou , Lanes Andrea , Kathrins Martin N 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Azoospermia is present in 10% of men presenting with infertility and surgical sperm retrieval rates for men with azoospermia due to spermatogenic dysfunction remain low. We investigated the incidence of failed fresh IVF cycles due to inability to obtain sperm and describe predictors for subsequent IVF. Methods: A national IVF database was used to identify fresh IVF cycles in which there was failure to obtain sperm. Patient linkage was utilized to determine outcomes of subsequent IVF. Results: 243,291 fresh IVF cycles were identified; 719 (0.3%) listed "inability to obtain sperm" as reason for embryo non-transfer. Male infertility was a factor in 537 (75%) and ejaculation was the most common anticipated sperm source (414, 57%). 713 (99.2%) cycles resulted in retrieved oocytes, but only 627 (87.2%) cryopreserved. 265 (37%) of couples underwent subsequent IVF. On multivariable analysis, lack of initial oocyte cryopreservation (OR 0.34, p=0.01) and male infertility (OR 0.14, p=0.01) were associated with having no subsequent cycles. Partner sperm was used in 213 (80%) second cycles and sperm retrieval method was largely conserved (181/213, 85%). Embryos were transferred in 186 (70%) second cycles. Failed embryo transfers were due to repeat inability to obtain sperm in 5 (6%) cycles. Conclusions: Failure to obtain sperm during fresh IVF is rare, but fresh IVF cycles should be undertaken with caution.
A Review on Robust Computational Approaches Based Identification and Authentication of Herbal Raw Drugs
Authors: Singh Preet Amol , Bajwa Neha , Naman Subh , Baldi Ashish 
Published: March 2020

Background:Over the last decade, there has been a sudden rise in the demand for herbal as well as Information and Technology (IT) industry around the world. Identification of plant species has become useful and relevant to all the members of the society including farmers, traders, hikers, etc. Conventional authentication techniques such as morphological characterization, histological methods, and optical microscopy require multiple skills which are tedious, timeconsuming and difficult to learn for non-experts. This creates a hurdle for individuals interested in acquiring knowledge of species. Relying on rapid, economical and computerized approaches to identify and authenticate medicinal plants has become a recent development.Objective:The purpose of this review is to summarize artificial intelligence-based technologies for wider dissemination of common plant-based knowledge such as identification and authentication to common people earlier limited to only experts.Methods:A robust plant identification design enabling automated plant-organ and feature-based identification utilizing pattern recognition and image processing techniques resulting in image retrieval and recognition has been highlighted in this review for all the concerned stakeholders. Attempts have been made to compare conventional authentication methods with advanced computerized techniques to emphasize the advantages and future applications of an automated identification system in countering adulteration and providing fair trade opportunities to farmers.Results:Major findings suggested that microscopical features such as shape and size of calcium oxalate crystals, trichomes, scleriods, stone cells, fibers, etc. are the essential descriptors for identification and authentication of herbal raw drugs using computational approaches.Conclusion:This computational design can be successfully employed to address quality issues of medicinal plants. Therefore, computational techniques proved as a milestone in the growth of agriculture and medicinal plant industries.
In Silico and In Vitro Study: COX-2 Inhibition by Ethanol Extract of Dayak Onion Bulb (Eleutherine Americana Merr) as Treatment Innovation of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)
Authors: Sutapa Hendra , Widodo Mochammad Aris , Purnomo Basuki Bambang , Soebadi Doddy M. , Negara Edvin Prawira 
Published: March 2020

Introduction:Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) is a benign tumor in males, which is histopathologically known with an increase of epithelial cells and prostatic stroma. Androgens, estrogens, stroma-epithelial interactions, growth factors, and chronic inflammation play a key role in the occurrence of BPH. Chronic inflammation in BPH is characterized by excessive expression of COX-2, which will trigger the expression of Bcl-2 anti-apoptotic protein. Dayak onion (Eleutherine Americana Merr) is a typical Kalimantan plant that is known as the treatment for prostate disease. This plant contains flavonoids which can inhibit the COX-2 enzyme thus causing a reduction in the production of prostaglandin E2.Methods:This research was experimental research computationally and in vitro laboratory experimental research to determine COX-2 inhibitory activity by ethanol extracts of Dayak onion.Result and Discussion:In in silico flavonoid, it was strongly related to COX-2 receptor on the active side of TYR371. Thus, it had the potential to inhibit COX-2. COX-2 inhibitor would cause BCL-2 to be inactive so that apoptosis occurr in BPH. In the in vitro research using human whole blood assay, the Dayak Onion bulb ethanol extract had IC50 COX-2 of 40.57 ng/ml and IC50 COX-1 of 364.89 ng/ml. Therefore, the ratio of IC50 COX-2 to IC50 COX-1 was 0.11.Conclusion:Ethanol extract of Dayak onion bulb has an inhibitory activity against COX-2. Thus, it has a potential of being an innovation for BPH treatment. Patient Summary: A healthy male, age 25-35 years old (history taking, physical and laboratory examination), and not using NSAIDs for the past 2 weeks.
Performance Evaluation of Fiber Wireless (FiWi) Access Network Using Position Optimization of ONUs
Authors: Chouhan Nitin , Bhatt Uma Rathore , Upadhyay Raksha 
Published: March 2020

Aims:
Optimize position of ONUs using Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) to make
cost-effective FiWi network.

Background:
Fiber-Wireless (FiWi) is a network which provides higher bandwidth and better stability
at lower cost to the users. The placement of network components (such as ONU) in FiWi is of
utmost importance since it comes under the network planning. ONU placement mainly focuses on
this thing that how efficiently ONUs are placed so that with fewer number of ONUs all the routers
get interconnected.

Objective:
Optimize position of ONUs using WOA algorithm such that, with minimum ONUs all
routers can connects with satisfactory network performance.

Methods:
Extensive simulation is carried out to implement proposed work. A simulation model and
code is developed in MATLAB to get the results for existing and proposed algorithms for varying
number of variables such as number of ONUs, wireless routers, grid sizes etc.

Conclusion:
The present work optimizes the location of ONUs using encircling prey mechanism and
spiral update mechanism of WOA. Results show that proposed work gives best result in terms of
minimum number of ONUs in the network with almost comparable PDR and TTDPN with that of
deterministic.
Shooting Simulator «Inhibitor»: Format of Files of Educational Exercises Scenarios
Authors: Egorov S. F. , Korobeynikova I. V. 
Published: March 2020

Цикл статей подробно описывает программное обеспечение тактического тренажера оптико-электронного для стрелкового оружия «Ингибитор», разработанного в Институте механики УдмФИЦ УрО РАН и на кафедре «Вычислительная техника» ИжГТУ имени М. Т. Калашникова совместно с ОАО «Концерн «Ижмаш».Приводится тактико-техническое задание на функциональные возможности сценариев учебных упражнений из Курса стрельб с поддержкой замены мишеней в горных условиях развертывания тренажера, особое внимание уделяется ночным условиям тренировок с изменением поведения мишеней, с имитацией подсветки местности осветительной ракетой и демаскирующим ответным огнем мишеней. При отображении мишеней должны поддерживаться несколько вариантов дальности (ближний предел, средний и дальний) и неповторяемость их появления по фронту, в том числе отработка времени года, суток и сложного поведения целей (приседание, залегание, уклонение от близких промахов и т. п.). Нужна база упражнений и мишеней из Курса стрельб по стрелковому вооружению.Необходимо было разработать формат файлов для хранения сценариев упражнений с гибким количеством обучаемых (1...8) и независимыми индивидуальными тренировками на своих стрелковых директрисах или всех вместе на общем сценарии (например, по действию отделения в обороне).Сделан вывод о перспективности дальнейших исследований и разработке электронных стрелковых тренажеров благодаря совершенствованию и удешевлению элементной базы и развитию программных библиотек с целью повышения точности тренажеров, расширения функциональных возможностей и снижения себестоимости и, значит, повышения конкурентоспособности.
Analyst Forecasts and Target Setting in Executive Annual Bonus Contracts
Authors: Choi Sunhwa , Kim Sunyoung , Kwon Sewon , Shin Jae Yong 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT
Whereas practitioners often recommend that firms incorporate forward-looking information in setting executive performance targets, academic studies have mainly focused on past information (e.g., past performance) as information sources. Using analysts' annual earnings forecasts as the main proxy for market-based forward-looking information, we find evidence that boards of S&P 1500 firms exploit forward-looking information in setting targets for executive annual bonus contracts. Furthermore, we find that the positive association between analyst forecasts and firms' bonus target revisions is more pronounced when forecasts are more informative about future firm performance and when they are less likely to be influenced by managers. Our results are robust to a battery of sensitivity tests.
Data Availability: Data are available from the public sources indicated in the text.
Initial Glycemic Control and Care Among Younger Adults Diagnosed With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Gopalan Anjali , Mishra Pranita , Alexeeff Stacey E. , Blatchins Maruta A. , Kim Eileen , Man Alan , Karter Andrew J. , Grant Richard W. 
Published: March 2020

OBJECTIVE
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes is increasing among adults under age 45. Onset of type 2 diabetes at a younger age increases an individual’s risk for diabetes-related complications. Given the lasting benefits conferred by early glycemic control, we compared glycemic control and initial care between adults with younger onset (21–44 years) and mid-age onset (45–64 years) of type 2 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Using data from a large, integrated health care system, we identified 32,137 adults (aged 21–64 years) with incident diabetes (first HbA1c ≥6.5% [≥48 mmol/mol]). We excluded anyone with evidence of prior type 2 diabetes, gestational diabetes mellitus, or type 1 diabetes. We used generalized linear mixed models, adjusting for demographic and clinical variables, to examine differences in glycemic control and care at 1 year.

RESULTS
Of identified individuals, 26.4% had younger-onset and 73.6% had mid-age–onset type 2 diabetes. Adults with younger onset had higher initial mean HbA1c values (8.9% [74 mmol/mol]) than adults with onset in mid-age (8.4% [68 mmol/mol]) (P &lt; 0.0001) and lower odds of achieving an HbA1c &lt;7% (&lt;53 mmol/mol) 1 year after the diagnosis (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.70 [95% CI 0.66–0.74]), even after accounting for HbA1c at diagnosis. Adults with younger onset had lower odds of in-person primary care contact (aOR 0.82 [95% CI 0.76–0.89]) than those with onset during mid-age, but they did not differ in telephone contact (1.05 [0.99–1.10]). Adults with younger onset had higher odds of starting metformin (aOR 1.20 [95% CI 1.12–1.29]) but lower odds of adhering to that medication (0.74 [0.69–0.80]).

CONCLUSIONS
Adults with onset of type 2 diabetes at a younger age were less likely to achieve glycemic control at 1 year following diagnosis, suggesting the need for tailored care approaches to improve outcomes for this high-risk patient population.
God praxis inom utvärdering av forskare. Nationell rekommendation för ansvarsfull utvärdering
Authors: Vastuullisen tutkijanarvioinnin työryhmä  
Published: March 2020

Detta är en rekommendation för ansvarsfull utvärdering av forskare. Rekommendationen har utarbetats för utvärdering av enskilda forskare. Samma principer bör också följas vid utvärderingen av forskningsorganisationer, forskningsenheter och forskning i ett större sammanhang.
Rekommendationen rekommenderas att användas tillsammans med Forskningsetiska delegationens modell till meritförteckning för forskare.