bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Tenaga Kerja Perempun Sebagai SPG (Sales Promotion Girls), Studi Pada Perusahaan Depstore Kota Banda Aceh
Authors: Khairani Khairani , Safarni Lisna 
Published: November 2019

Humans are social creatures who cannot live alone and need help from others, therefore humans are required to help each other and cooperate with each other. In terms of hiring other people, Islam through the concept of ijarah law expressly regulates the obligation to provide legal protection to workers. Women especially as SPG (Sales Promotion Girls) in one of the big retail companies in the city of Banda Aceh. The results of this study indicate that the legal protection of labor is reviewed in several aspects, namely the form and work system, wage systems, breaks and leave of these aspects, there are several problems, namely, the obligation of employees to always stand up, if a loss occurs, it is borne by the employee, if sick is not treated, work time is not in accordance with the contract, the salary provided is not in accordance with the quality of work, salary deductions are unclear and without the knowledge of the employee and the company's neglect of the prayer schedule of the employees Dalam praktiknya terdapat banyak pertentangan dan ketidak sesuaian perlindungan hukum terhadap pekerja perempuan khususnya jika ditinjau menurut prinsip-prinsip hukum Islam khususnya dalam konsep Ijarah dalam Fikih Muamalah, ketidaksesuaian itu terdapat dalam beberapa aspek yaitu: kewajiban karyawan untuk selalu berdiri, jikalau terjadi kehilangan maka ditanggung oleh pihak karyawan, kalau sakit tidak diizinkan untuk pulang, waktu kerja tidak sesuai dengan kontrak, gaji yang diberikan tidak sesuai dengan kualitas kerja, pemotongan gaji tanpa sepengetahuan karyawan dan pengabaian perusahaan terhadap jadwal shalat para karyawan. Saran kepada perusahaan retail adalah untuk selalu memenuhi hak pekerja, dan kepada pekerja untuk memenuhi kewajibannya.
Pengaruh Tingginya Uang Hantaran terhadap Penundaan Perkawinan (Studi Kasus Adat Perkawinan di Mukim Pinang Tunggal, Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia)
Authors: Nurdin Ridhwan , Ikram Muhammad Nur 
Published: November 2019

Uang hantaran adalah uang yang diberikan oleh pihak laki-laki kepada calon mertua. Uang hantara memiliki dampak negatif. Dampak negatif uang hantaran terlihat ketika ditetapkan pada jumlah yang tinggi pada calon laki-laki yang ekonominya menengah ke bawah dan mempunyai berbagai tanggungan sehingga kesulitan untuk menabung. Tidak sedikit juga pasangan yang ingin mendirikan rumah tangga terpaksa menundakan perkawinan karena tingginya jumlah uang hantaran yang telah ditetapkan dari pihak perempuan. Pertanyaan artikel ini adalah bagaimana pelaksanaan praktek uang hantaran dalam adat perkawinan di Mukim Pinang Tunggal, apakah benar penetapan uang hantaran yang tinggi sangat berpengaruh terhadap penundaan perkawinan di dalam masyarakat tersebut dan bagaimana tinjauan hukum Islam terhadap uang hantaran yang menyebabkan penundaan perkawinan. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian lapangan, peneliti telah mengelompokkan data menjadi dua bentuk, yaitu data kuantitatif dan data kualitatif. Data kuantitatif ialah data hasil dari angket sedangkan data kualitatif ialah data hasil dari wawancara dan observasi. Kemudian dari data kuantitatif tersebut dibentuklah tabel kemudian dianalisa dan diambil kesimpulan sedangkan dari data kualitatif tersebut dihubungkan antara satu fakta dengan fakta sejenis kemudian dianalisa dengan menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif analitis. Hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa masyarakat Mukim Pinang Tunggal semuanya mempraktekkan pemberian uang hantaran dan penetapannya dengan melihat pendidikan perempuan, pekerjaannya dan kebiasaan jumlah ditetapkan di kampung tersebut serta telah ditemukan delapan buah perkawinan yang tertunda dari tahun 2013 hingga 2017 karena tingginya uang hantaran. Merujuk kepada kaidah-kaidah fiqhiyyah yang telah digunakan dan melihat kepada dampak-dampak yang timbul dari penetapan uang hantaran yang tinggi serta bertentangnya dengan syarat ‘urf yang sahih bisa disimpulkan bahwa hukum uang hantaran yang tinggi tidak bersesuaian sebagaimana yang seharusnya berlaku.
Kesaksian dalam Talak Menurut Abu Bakar Jabir Al-Jazairi
Authors: Devy Soraya , Mawaddah Luthfia 
Published: November 2019

Talak merupakan salah satu cara pemutusan hubungan suami yang dilegalkan dalam Islam. Talak dapat dilakukan ketika terjadi keretakan hubungan pernikahan dan tidak mungkin untuk dirajut kembali. Dalam pelaksanaannya, ulama masih berbeda pendapat khususnya keberadaan saksi dalam talak. Penelitian ini secara khusus membahas pemikiran Abu Bakar Jabir Al-Jazairi tentang kesaksian talak. Adapun tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui pendapat, dalil dan metode istinbath hukum Abu Bakar Jabir al-Jazairi tentang kesaksian dalam talak. Cara kerja penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi pustaka (library research). Data penelitian dikumpulkan dari berbagai rujukan kepustakaan. Berdasarkan hasil penilitian menunjukkan bahwa menurut al-Jazairi, persaksian dalam talak merupakan suatu keharusan dan disunnahkan dalam Islam, dan talak tanpa saksi tetap dipandang sah. Di sini, al-Jazairī tampak berpendapat bahwa saksi masuk sebagai syarat talak, bukan rukun talak. Mengingat saksi hanya sebagai syarat talak, maka kedudukan hukumnya yaitu harus. Dengan demikian, saksi di sini bisa dikatakan masuk ke dalam syarat tawsiqi, yaitu syarat tambahan. Meskipun tidak ada saksi maka tidak dikatakan haram dan talak tidak dikatakan batal. Dalil dan metode istinbāṭ yang digunakan al-Jazairi dalam menetapkan hukum persaksian dalam talak yaitu surat al-Baqarah ayat 283 dan surat al-Ṭalāq ayat 2. Kedua ayat tersebut membicarakan tentang kesaksian. Al-Jazairi memandang ketentuan kesaksian dalam talak sama seperti kesaksian dalam rujuk sebagaimana perintah untuk merujuk dan melepaskan isteri harus dipersaksikan
Microvascular and Cardiovascular Outcomes According to Renal Function in Patients Treated With Once-Weekly Exenatide: Insights From the EXSCEL Trial
Authors: Bethel M. Angelyn , Mentz Robert J. , Merrill Peter , Buse John B. , Chan Juliana C. , Goodman Shaun G. , Iqbal Nayyar , Jakuboniene Neli , Katona Brian , Lokhnygina Yuliya , Lopes Renato D. , Maggioni Aldo P. , Ohman Peter , Tankova Tsvetalina , Bakris George L. , Hernandez Adrian F. , Holman Rury R. 
Published: November 2019

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the impact of once-weekly exenatide (EQW) on microvascular and cardiovascular (CV) outcomes by baseline renal function in the Exenatide Study of Cardiovascular Event Lowering (EXSCEL).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Least squares mean difference (LSMD) in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) from baseline between the EQW and placebo groups was calculated for 13,844 participants. Cox regression models were used to estimate effects by group on incident macroalbuminuria, retinopathy, and major adverse CV events (MACE). Interval-censored time-to-event models estimated effects on renal composite 1 (40% eGFR decline, renal replacement, or renal death) and renal composite 2 (composite 1 variables plus macroalbuminuria).

RESULTS
EQW did not change eGFR significantly (LSMD 0.21 mL/min/1.73 m2 [95% CI −0.27 to 0.70]). Macroalbuminuria occurred in 2.2% of patients in the EQW group and in 2.5% of those in the placebo group (hazard ratio [HR] 0.87 [95% CI 0.70–1.07]). Neither renal composite was reduced with EQW in unadjusted analyses, but renal composite 2 was reduced after adjustment (HR 0.85 [95% CI 0.74–0.98]). Retinopathy rates did not differ by treatment group or in the HbA1c-lowering or prior retinopathy subgroups. CV outcomes in those with eGFR &lt;60 mL/min/1.73 m2 did not differ by group. Those with eGFR ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2 had nominal risk reductions for MACE, all-cause mortality, and CV death, but interactions by renal function group were significant for only stroke (HR 0.74 [95% CI 0.58–0.93]; P for interaction = 0.035) and CV death (HR 1.08 [95% CI 0.85–1.38]; P for interaction = 0.031).

CONCLUSIONS
EQW had no impact on unadjusted retinopathy or renal outcomes. CV risk was modestly reduced only in those with eGFR ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2 in analyses unadjusted for multiplicity.
PROFIL KITAB TAFSIR DAN MODEL PEMAHAMANNYA PADA PONDOK PESANTREN DI PROVINSI RIAU
Authors: Erman Erman 
Published: November 2019

Abstract Pondok Pesantren (classical Islamic educational institution in Indonesia) uses the classic book strictly and continuously. Students (santri) fanatically follow the book used by the teacher, including in the use of the book of exegesis.Pondok Pesantren in Riau Province uses the book of tafsir differently according to the grouping of the tradition and the teacher's understanding of the Pondokmya. Most of the Pondok Pesantren in Riau Province, using a translation book that is not a yellow book(Arabic Book. This situation tends to eliminate the character of Pondok Pesantren which makes the yellow book (Arabic Book) as the basis and its main characteristic. This paper seeks to see the profile of the book of tafsir and its model of understanding on Pondok Pesantren in Riau Province PROFIL KITAB TAFSIR DAN MODEL PEMAHAMANNYA PADA PONDOK PESANTREN DI PROVINSI RIAU
Teori Pemisahan Kekuasaan dan Konstitusi Menurut Negara Barat dan Islam
Authors: Suparto Suparto 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTSeparations of Powers theory had just been developed by John Locke and Montesquieu circa 17 A.C. Theory of Constitution had also just been emerged circa 18 A.C., even though in old Greece many people had already discussed about this theory. whereas Islam has recognized the separation of powers and constitutions long before that, namely when Rasulullah SAW rule Madinah and Madinah Constitution circa 7 A.C.. ABSTRAKTeori Pemisahan Kekuasaan yang dikembangkan oleh John Locke dan Montesquieu baru muncul sekitar abad ke 17, demikian juga dengan munculnya teori dan hukum Konstitusi baru berkembang sekitar abad ke 18, walaupun sebelumnya pada masa Yunani kuno Konstitusi telah banyak dibicarakan. Sedangkan Islam telah mengenal adanya Pemisahan Kekuasaan dan Konstitusi jauh sebelum itu yaitu pada masa pemerintahan Rasulullah SAW di Negara Madinah dan Konstitusi Madinah yaitu pada abad ke 7.
Diagnostics of Didactic Competencies of Students of Faculty of Physical Education and Sport
Authors: Hubená Kristýna , Süss Vladimír , Čechovská Irena 
Published: November 2019

Summary
Physical education has been the subject of research for a long time. Research focuses most often on the use of time to get pupils to move actively or on their physical load during a lesson. The evaluation of the didactic interaction of the teaching student - pupil(s) is also an essential area of research. The aim of the paper is to introduce the MADI method and its subsequent use in the evaluation of didactic outputs of teaching students in subjects focused on the didactics of swimming. The method Analysis of Didactic Interaction (ADI) has been modified to assess didactic interactions between the teaching (student) - pupil(s). Modified Analysis of Didactic Interaction (MADI) was created by reducing the number of monitored categories and focusing attention on the activity of the student. The achieved results showed that the most frequent form of behaviour among the students was observation followed by instruction. This influenced both the form of their manifestations, dominated by silence, and the overall manifestation, which was neutral and mostly without material significance. In terms of activities that have been the subject of didactic interaction, students have been taught these activities. The results obtained show that the chosen method seems to be effective for evaluation of didactic output of teaching students. A deeper analysis of student didactic outcomes can contribute to influencing the quality of student didactic competencies. At the same time, it can also serve as a feedback tool on their didactic activities for their faculty teachers.
Impact of Age and Agility Performance Level on the Disjunctive Reaction Time of Soccer Goalkeepers
Authors: Obetko Marco , Peráček Pavol , Šagát Peter , Mikulič Martin 
Published: November 2019

Summary
The soccer goalkeeper's reaction speed to stimulus is essential for the overall success rate of goalkeepers in soccer. Our research was aimed at finding out the impact of age and agility performance level on the length of the disjunctive reaction time of elite goalkeepers in Slovakia. The research group was comprised of 24 goalkeepers of two Slovak soccer clubs (in group A were elite players and in group B sub-elite players). To gain the research data, the disjunctive reaction time was measured using the Fitro Agility Check device. The acquired results were statistically evaluated using the Mann-Whitney U-Test and Cohen's “d”. The impact of age (n.s) and performance level (n.s) on the length of the disjunctive reaction time of goalkeepers was not statistically confirmed. However, the substantive and logical significance showed that the best goalkeepers achieved a considerably shorter time of disjunctive reaction time to the set stimulus (difference – 20 %).
Behaviour, physiology and body mass of Nigerian indigenous hens during brooding
Authors: Iyasere Oluwaseun Serah , Ajayi Oreoluwa Doyinsola , Alade Sade Opeyemi , Akinbode Victoria Omowunmi 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the behaviour, selected physiological indicators and body mass changes in Nigerian indigenous broody hens. The times spent by the hens sitting on eggs and on ingestive behaviours (feeding and drinking) were monitored between 14:00 and 18:00 h twice per week for three weeks. The growth and physiological indicators monitored were body mass, rectal temperature, breast temperature and blood glucose concentration. Data collected were analysed using repeated measures ANOVA of SPSS having week as the repeated factor. The time spent by hens sitting on the eggs (88.09 ± 5.38 – 92.91 ± 2.35 %) and on ingestive behaviours (0.06 ± 0.03 – 0.11 ± 0.07 %) were similar at the 1st, 2nd and 3rd week of brooding. The blood glucose concentration was reduced at the 1st and 2nd but increased at the 3rd week while the breast temperature (BT) increased at the 1st and 2nd but dropped at the 3rd week. The rectal temperature and body mass did not differ significantly (P > 0.05) during the three weeks of the brooding process. In conclusion, natural brooding of embryos by hens under tropical conditions was accompanied by changes in body metabolism required for generation of heat which is transferred through the breast region of the hens to the eggs without necessarily resulting in higher rectal temperature of the hens.
Weed control efficacy of hoe weeding and commercially formulated mixture of metolachlor + prometryn herbicide under maize production in soil amended with biochar
Authors: Adeyemi Olusegun Raphael , Hosu David Obaloluwa , Olorunmaiye Patience Mojibade , Soretire Adeniyi Adebowale , Adigun Joseph Aremu , Ogunsola Kikelomo Olamide 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Successful cultivation of maize depends largely on efficient weed control, adequate supply of essential nutrients and sufficient soil moisture. Screenhouse and field trials were conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm of the Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria during the early and late cropping season of 2013 to evaluate effects of biochar integrated with manual weeding and pre-emergence herbicides on weed control efficiency and productivity of maize. The screenhouse trial was a 6 × 5 factorial experiment fitted into Completely Randomized Design in three replicates. The two factors were biochar: 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 t ha−1 and weed control methods: weedy check, hoe weeding at 6 Weeks After Sowing (WAS), hoe weeding at 3, 6, and 9 WAS, pre-emergence herbicide application (Codal Gold) at 1.0 and 2.0 kg a.i./ha−1. The field trial was laid out in split-plot arrangement fitted into Randomized Complete Block Design with three replicates. The three main treatments plots on the field consisted of the optimum rates of biochar obtained in the screenhouse (10 t ha−1) compared with 20 t ha−1 and 0 t ha−1 which served as the control. The sub-plots treatments consisted of weed control methods used in the screen house experiment. Data were collected on grain yield and weed dry matter. The result showed that biochar at 10 and 20 t ha−1 in the screenhouse and field trials, respectively, resulted in significantly (P < 0.05) higher grain yield compared with other rates tested. Highest grain yield was obtained in pots hoe weeded thrice at 3, 6 and 9 WAS. Whereas similar grain yield was recorded in plot weeded once at 6 WAS and that hoe weeded at 3, 6 and 9 WAS in the field experiment. Biochar application of 20 t ha−1 gave optimum maize yield. Among the weed control treatments manual weeding either at 6 WAS or at 3, 6 and 9 WAS recorded the highest grain yields. Therefore, incorporation of biochar with either preemergence herbicide or manual hoe weeding would enhance the growth and yield of maize.
Green Marketing Orientation and Environmental and Social Performance of Hospitality Firms in South Africa
Authors: Fatoki Olawale 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The pressure on businesses to engage not only on profitability but also on social and environmental responsibility has increased in recent times. The study empirically tested the relationship between green marketing orientation (GMO) and environmental and social performance in the context of firms in the hospitality industry. Sustainable performance measurement focuses not only on financial but also on social and environmental performance. The study used the quantitative research design, and the cross-sectional survey method was used for data collection from 192 respondents. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and regression analysis were used for data analysis. Cronbach’s alpha was used as a measure of reliability. The results indicated a significant positive relationship between GMO and environmental and social performance of hospitality firms. The findings of the study suggest that GMO is a firm-level strategic resource that can improve the sustainable performance of firms in the hospitality sector. Theoretically, the study linked GMO to environmental and social performance of firms. Empirically, the study adds to the literature on the effect of GMO on sustainable performance. Practically, the study suggested recommendations that can improve the adoption of GMO by firms. These include green design, green positioning, green supply chain, and green strategy.
The changing trend in songbirds’ abundance, variety and physical condition in Connecticut’s forestry habitat
Authors: Lawlor Kelly , Meng Yunliang 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Songbirds are facing rapid population declines in Connecticut due to habitat loss. Man-made habitats such as powerline corridors are one of the few remaining ideal habitats for songbirds in the state. This study aims to determine if the abundance and variety of song-birds in four selected forests (i.e. Naugatuck State Forest, Sharon Audubon Society, Miles Wildlife Sanctuary, and Great Mountain Forest Species Variety) in Connecticut show patterns of decline from 2005 to 2014. This study also compares the physical condition of songbirds captured along a powerline corridor in the Naugatuck State Forest with those captured in the rest three non-fragmented forests in Northwestern Connecticut using Mann-Whitney U tests. Weight and wingspan are used as indicators of bird physical condition. The results demonstrate that the three non-fragmented forests experienced a steady decline in the variety of songbirds between 2005 and 2014. In addition, songbirds’ abundance decreased steadily during the same period, except that of the ovenbird (Seiurus aurocapilla) and wood thrush (Hylocichla mustelina) in Miles Wildlife Sanctuary. The results from the Mann-Whitney U test have shown that after sex- and age-controlled features, the physical conditions of the three selective songbirds – veery (Catharus fuscescens), ovenbird, and wood thrush – tend to be better in the Naugatuck State Forest than in the three non-fragmented forests – Sharon Audubon Society, Miles Wildlife Sanctuary, and Great Mountain Forest Species Variety. Given are recommendations on how to protect the shrubland habitat along powerline corridors and how to create the shrubland habitat in non-fragmented forests.
Effects of tree age and waterlogging duration on the form factors of eastern cottonwood (Populus deltoides Bartr. ex Marsh.)
Authors: Song Zheng 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Stem form is the short name of the tree trunk shape. Stem form determines the quantity and quality of trunk volume, and affects forest timber volume and stand merchantable volume. Based on Populus deltoides Bartr. ex Marsh. in the Dongting Lake region of Hunan Province in China, changes in the breast-height form factor (f
1.3) and experimental form factor (f
a) under different waterlogging durations and stand ages were analyzed using the two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results showed that the differences in waterlogging duration for f
1.3 were not significant, but were significant for f
a. Tree age has significant effects on f
1.3 and f
a. In addition, the f
a of P. deltoides grown in stands with a waterlogging duration of 24 days and 33 days were slightly larger than the other three 50, 64, 86 days, which indicated that trees grown in these stands (24, 33 days) had larger tree volumes. In addition, the waterlogging duration of longer than 86 days was not suitable for the growth of P. deltoides.
Vertebral artery and posterior inferior cerebellar artery aneurysms: Results of microsurgical treatment of eighty patients
Authors: Pilipenko Yuri , Eliava Shalva , Okishev Dmitry , Okisheva Elena , Spyrou Andronikos 
Published: November 2019

Background:The choice of surgical approaches and options for the microsurgical vertebral artery (VA) and posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) aneurysms repair remains controversial.Methods:A retrospective analysis of the clinical, surgical, and angiographic data of 80 patients with VA and PICA aneurysms treated from 2012 to 2018 was performed.Results:The aneurysms were saccular in 50 cases (62.5%) and fusiform in 30 cases (37.5%). The median suboccipital craniotomy was the most common approach (73.8%). Retrosigmoid craniotomy was performed in 25% of patients. There were the following types of microsurgical operations: neck clipping (61.25%), clipping with the artery lumen formation (13.75%), trapping (10%), proximal clipping (5%), and deconstruction with anastomosis (10%). Fifty-seven (71.3%) patients were discharged without worsening of the clinical signs after surgery. The most common postoperative neurological disorder was palsy of IX and X cranial nerve revealed in 14 (17.5%) patients. No fatal outcomes or patients in vegetative state were identified. The complete occlusion of PICA and VA aneurysms according angiography was in 77 (96.3%) cases.Conclusion:Microsurgical treatment is an effective method for VA and PICA aneurysms. The majority of VA and PICA aneurysms do not require complex basal approaches. A thorough preoperative planning, reconstructive clipping techniques, and anastomoses creation, as well as patient selection based on the established algorithms and consultations with endovascular surgeons, may reduce the number of complications and increase the rate of complete microsurgical occlusion in VA and PICA aneurysms.