bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Too rough to be a Hypsibius: multipopulation survey accentuates the phylogenetic position and apomorphies of Hypsibius scabropygus (Eutardigrada: Hypsibiidae)
Authors: Gąsiorek Piotr , Sørensen Martin V , Lillemark Marie Rathcke , Leerhøi Frederik , Tøttrup Anders P 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Tardigrade taxonomy is undergoing a turbulent phase of reclassifying various species that have previously been gathered within large wastebasket genera, such as Diphascon or Hypsibius. The application of genetic sequencing, paired with detailed analysis of fine morphological features in 3D using scanning electron microscopy, allow for revealing new phenotypic characters used in systematics. At the same time, resampling of previously well-sampled regions, such as the Western Palaearctic, delivers fresh and precious data. In this paper, the second from a series of publications integratively addressing the tardigrade fauna of Denmark, we focus on Hypsibius scabropygus and related species, which appeared to be common and abundant in cryptogam samples. As previously suggested by scarce molecular and morphological evidence, Hypsibius scabropygus is considerably different from other representatives of the genus Hypsibius by the presence of ramazzottiid characters. These include Ramazzottius-like claws with thinned, and thus more flexible, primary branches of external/posterior claws, apophyses for the insertion of the stylet muscles asymmetrical with respect to the frontal plane, rudimentary elliptical sensory organs, buccal tube slightly bent in posterior portion, and, finally, eggs with distinct chorion granulation laid in exuviae (known for some hypsibiids and acutuncids), and not smooth, which is otherwise typical for most hypsibiids. Consequently, the group of Hypsibius species with two small granular macroplacoids in the pharynx and pronounced cuticular sculpturing in the form of dorsoposterior protuberances or whole-dorsal tubercles is erected as Parahypsibius gen. nov. New DNA barcodes strongly support the monophyly of Hypsibiidae and recent changes in the classification of Pilatobiinae. We argue that some still poorly resolved nodes in the hypsibiid tree are the result of incomplete representation of particularly uncommon evolutionary lineages. Our abundant cryptogam samples from across Denmark demonstrate the value of involving local communities and utilizing citizen science in biodiversity monitoring and documentation.
Efficacy of Perineural Dexmedetomidine in Ultrasound-guided Interscalene Block on Rebound Pain After Shoulder Arthroscopy
Authors: Huan Xiang , Zhang Ting , Zhou Meiyan , Wang Liwei 
Published: December 2024

Objectives:
This prospective, randomized, double-blind trial was performed to investigate the effect on rebound pain incidence of mixing dexmedetomidine (DEX) with local anesthetics in a combined injection interscalene block (ISB) during shoulder arthroscopy.

Methods:
Forty-seven patients were enrolled in this study. Patients were randomly assigned to 2 groups: Group DEX and Group Control received ultrasound-guided ISB using 12 mL of 0.5% ropivacaine with 50 ug of DEX or without DEX﻿. Pain scores at 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours after surgery were assessed with Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NRS). Additional analgesic requirements and side effects in the first 48 hours postoperatively, as well as sleep disturbance on the night and other complications of surgery were examined.

Results:
The incidence of rebound pain was significantly ﻿lower in the Group DEX than in the Group ﻿Control. Perineural DEX decreased pain scores at 12 and 24 hours postoperatively. Group DEX had a prolonged time for the first analgesic request, PCA sufentanil consumption in Group DEX was less than Group Control during the first 48 hours postoperatively. The number of patients with sleep disturbance and nausea and vomiting in the DEX Group was lower on the first night postoperative.

Discussion:
Perineural DEX﻿ added to ISB exerts a beneficial effect on the incidence of rebound pain after ISB in patients undergoing shoulder arthroscopy. Perineural DEX﻿ facilitated the implementation of multimodal analgesia in the early stage after operation.
Recent global patterns in skin cancer incidence, mortality, and prevalence
Authors: Wang Mingyue , Gao Xinghua , Zhang Li 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background:
Skin cancer is a common skin disease whose incidence and mortality rates have been showing yearly increases. In this report, we update the most recent data on skin cancer as obtained from GLOBOCAN 2022.

Methods:
The incidence and mortality rates of skin cancer (melanoma of skin and non-melanoma skin cancer) in GLOBOCAN 2022 were reviewed. These data were analyzed and the characteristics of incidence and mortality across five continents and top five countries and regions in each continent are presented. In addition, correlations between Human Development Index (HDI) and age-standardized incidence and mortality rates of these two skin cancers are described.

Results:
The GLOBOCAN 2022 data indicated that melanoma was the 17th most common cancer. An estimated 331,722 people were diagnosed with melanoma globally and approximately 58,667 died from this disease. For non-melanoma skin cancer, it ranks as the 5th most common cancer, and an estimated 1,234,533 people were diagnosed with non-melanoma skin cancer globally and approximately 69,416 died from this disease. The incidence of skin cancer varies across geographic regions and countries, with a predominance observed in Oceania, North America, and Europe. Australia was ranked first in terms of incidence, while incidence rates in Africa and Asia were very low. Despite these regional differences in incidence, there was little geographic variation in mortality rates. Currently, the number of deaths from non-melanoma skin cancer exceeds that of melanoma of skin. HDI was positively associated with the incidence of both types of skin cancers, with a positive correlation obtained between HDI and mortality from melanoma of skin and a negative correlation between HDI and mortality from non-melanoma skin cancer.

Conclusions:
Skin cancer remains a major disease burden worldwide. Substantial variations are observed across countries and regions. Further research on skin cancer will be required to provide a rationale for more effective preventions and treatments of this condition.
Penile enhancement: A comprehensive and current perspective
Authors: Chen Yuan , Jiang Yinuo , Li Xiao , Wang Bin , Guo Xiaofeng , Mai Zihang , Deng Weifen , Zhu Yuanchang , Han Baoquan , Sun Zhongyi 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
An increasing number of men with healthy and normal penises want to enlarge their penis. Therefore, this review evaluated the mental health status of men who complained of a small penis and examined the state of nonsurgical and surgical treatments for male patients seeking penile enlargement, along with a risk assessment for each. Various medical, tractional, injectable, and surgical modalities have been investigated for penile augmentation. However, the development of new products and surgical techniques, such as Penuma, and tissue engineering may yield fewer complications, good operative effects, shorter operative times, and high patient satisfaction, bringing hope to patients interested in penile enlargement.
Associations of reproductive hormones and stress-related factors with menopausal symptoms
Authors: Brimienė Ieva , Šiaudinytė Monika , Ilkevič Erik , Mazgelytė Eglė , Karčiauskaitė Dovilė , Songailienė Jurgita , Kaminskas Andrius , Petrėnas Tomas , Utkus Algirdas , Burokas Aurelijus , Grikšienė Ramunė 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objective
The main aim was to evaluate the relationships between menopausal symptoms, endogenous hormones, and stress-related factors.

Methods
Participants were recruited through online advertisements at Vilnius University and social networks. Sixty-three White Lithuanian women aged 50.2 ± 2.9 years without any known diseases or conditions that could affect menopausal symptoms, hormone levels, or mental health were selected to participate in the cross-sectional study. The Menopause-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire was used to assess the intensity of menopausal symptoms in four domains (vasomotor, psychosocial, physical, and sexual). The levels of reproductive hormones were measured in blood serum. To evaluate the level of chronic stress, we used the Perceived Stress Scale 10 (PSS-10) and the assessment of hair glucocorticoids (cortisol, cortisone). Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to estimate the associations between menopausal symptoms severity, endogenous hormones, and stress-related factors.

Results
Age (the unstandardized β [B] = 0.12), follicle-stimulating hormone concentration (B = 0.9), and PSS-10 score (B = 0.08) were associated with the total Menopause-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire score (all P < 0.05). The vasomotor domain was related to age (B = 0.19), follicle-stimulating hormone (B = 1.24), and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate concentration (B = −2.8) (all P < 0.05). The psychosocial domain was associated with the PSS-10 score (B = 0.13, P < 0.001). The physical domain was associated with the number of sleep hours (B = −0.35, P = 0.02). The sexual domain was negatively related to testosterone concentration (B = −3.5, P = 0.01).

Conclusions
The results of the present study show that not only hormonal changes but also other factors, such as age, hours of sleep, and experienced stress, are associated with the intensity of menopausal symptoms.
Evaluation of an artificial intelligence-based intraocular lens calculator
Authors: Wang Li , Burwinkel Hendrik , Bensaid Nicolas , Koch Douglas D. 
Published: December 2024

Purpose:
To evaluate the ZEISS AI IOL Calculator (ZEISS AI) and compare its accuracy in refractive prediction to the Barrett Universal II (BUII) and Kane formulas.

Setting:
Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.

Design:
Retrospective case series.

Methods:
The ZEISS AI IOL Calculator (ZEISS AI) is an artificial intelligence (AI) based IOL-optimized formula. The refractive prediction errors (PEs) were calculated in the entire dataset and subgroups of short eyes (axial length (AL) ≤ 22.5 mm) and long eyes (AL ≥ 25.0 mm). The standard deviation (SD), root-mean-square absolute error (RMSAE), mean absolute error (MAE), median absolute error (MedAE), and percentage of eyes within ±0.25 D, ±0.50 D, ±0.75 D, and ±1.00 D of PEs were calculated. Values with ZEISS AI were compared to those from Barrett Universal II (BUII) and Kane. Advanced statistical methods were applied using R.

Results:
A dataset of 10,838 eyes was included. Compared to ZEISS AI, BUII produced significantly greater SDs, RMSAEs, and MAEs in the whole group and short eyes, and the Kane had greater SD, RMSAE, and MAE in short eyes (all adjusted P<0.05); the BUII had significantly lower percentages of eyes within ±0.50 D of PEs in the whole group (80.0% vs 81.2%) and in short eyes (71.3% vs. 76.1%), and the Kane had lower percentage of eyes within ±0.50 D of PEs in short eyes (71.9% vs. 76.1%) (all adjusted P<0.05).

Conclusion:
The ZEISS AI IOL Calculator had superior performance compared to the BUII and Kane formulas, especially in short eyes.
Neonatal Eating Assessment Tool—Mixed Breastfeeding and Bottle-feeding: Reference values and factors associated with problematic feeding symptoms in healthy, full-term infants
Authors: Pados Britt Frisk , Johnson Jamarii , Nelson Madeline 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
The Neonatal Eating Assessment Tool—Mixed Breastfeeding and Bottle-feeding (NeoEAT—Mixed Feeding) is a parent-report assessment of symptoms of problematic feeding in infants who are feeding by both breast and bottle.

Purpose:
To establish reference values for the NeoEAT—Mixed Feeding and evaluate factors that contribute to symptoms of problematic feeding in healthy, full-term infants.

Methodology:
Parents of 409 infants less than 7 months old completed an online survey. Median and percentile scores are presented for infants aged 0–2, 2–4, 4–6, and 6–7 months old.

Results:
Neonatal Eating Assessment Tool—Mixed Feeding total score and scores for the Gastrointestinal Tract Function and Energy & Physiologic Stability subscales decreased with increasing infant age. Infant Regulation and Feeding Flexibility subscale scores remained stable over time, whereas Sensory Responsiveness subscale scores increased with increasing infant age. Infants with more gastrointestinal and gastroesophageal symptoms had higher NeoEAT—Mixed Feeding total scores.

Conclusions:
In healthy, full-term infants, symptoms of problematic feeding generally improve over the first 7 months, with the exception of symptoms related to sensory responsiveness. Gastrointestinal and gastroesophageal reflux symptoms are related to symptoms of problematic feeding.

Implications:
The reported reference values may be used to identify infants in need of further assessment, referral, and intervention. In healthy, full-term infants with concurrent gastrointestinal symptoms and problematic feeding, interventions targeted at gastrointestinal symptoms may help to improve symptoms of problematic feeding as well.
Illness Perception and Risk Management Behaviors Among Patients With Gynecologic Cancer at Risk of Lower Extremity Lymphedema
Authors: Chen Jing , Guan Siyu , Jiang Chaonan , Yang Zhiqi , Guo Zijun , Zhang Huiling , Huang Yaqian , Li Mingfang , Yan Jun 
Published: December 2024

Background
Patients with gynecologic cancer who undergo lymphadenectomy are at increased risk of lower extremity lymphedema (LEL). They are encouraged to be alert to the possibility of LEL and take risk-management measures throughout life. However, we know little about the perception for LEL and adherence to risk-management measures of Chinese patients with gynecologic cancer.

Objective
To assess the illness perception and risk management behaviors of Chinese gynecologic cancer patients and further examine the effect of illness perception on risk management behaviors.

Methods
This was a cross-sectional study. From June to December 2023, gynecologic cancer patients at risk of LEL were surveyed (n = 223). Questionnaires on illness perception and risk management behaviors specifically for LEL were utilized. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation analysis, univariate analysis, and multiple linear regression analysis were used for data analysis.

Results
The participants exhibited suboptimal LEL risk management behaviors, with the physical activity dimension receiving the lowest score (3.24 ± 1.02). Patients’ self-perceived understanding of LEL was relatively low (2.88 ± 0.83). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that the identity, cause, and control dimensions of illness perception, as well as several demographic and disease variables, were significant predictors of patients’ LEL risk management behaviors.

Conclusions
The LEL risk management behaviors of patients with gynecologic cancer need to be improved. Consideration of perceptions of identity, cause, and control is crucial for enhancing LEL risk management behaviors.

Implications for Practice
Health professionals can implement targeted health education based on an assessment of patients’ perceptions of LEL, thereby promoting lymphedema risk management.
Primary Lymphoma of the Female Genital Tract: A Needle in a Haystack
Authors: Ali Khadiga M. , Saleh Gehad A. , Ali Nahla , Hamdy Omar , Alghandour Reham , Hossam Amr , Masoud Rokia , Hassan Amany 
Published: December 2024

Primary lymphoma of the female genital tract (PLFGT) is a rare entity with nonspecific symptoms. Its prognosis relies on accurate and quick diagnosis and therapy despite the lack of standardized management guidelines. This study aimed to explore the clinicopathologic and radiologic characteristics; and differential diagnoses of women with lymphoma of the female genital tract (FGT) treated at the same institution. A retrospective study was conducted on 22 cases diagnosed with lymphoma of their FGT during the study period from June 2016 and December 2023. Medical records and radiologic, pathologic, management, and survival data were collected. The mean age was 49.45 yr, and the mean follow-up duration was 48 mo. Only 15 cases were diagnosed with PLFGT, while the remaining 7 cases were secondary to the disease. The ovary was the predominant site (9 cases), and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma was the main histologic subtype (90.9%). Eleven (50%) patients underwent surgery. PLFGT demonstrated a more favorable outcome (60% achieved complete remission). Treatment strategies and Ann Arbor staging were significantly correlated with overall survival. To avoid misdiagnosis, it is essential to include lymphoma in the differential diagnosis of histologically difficult gynecologic neoplasms. Increasing awareness about this rare entity and providing a preoperative diagnosis is paramount to avoid unnecessary gynecologic surgery.
Effect of Vaginal Prolapse Repair and Midurethral Sling on Urgency Incontinence Symptoms
Authors: Mezes Christina M. , Russell Gregory B. , Gutman Robert E. , Iglesia Cheryl , Rardin Charles , Kenton Kimberly , Collins Sarah , Matthews Catherine A. 
Published: December 2024

Importance
Limited evidence exists on the effect of combined native tissue vaginal prolapse repair with midurethral sling on urgency urinary incontinence (UUI) symptoms.

Objectives
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of combined native tissue vaginal prolapse repair with midurethral sling on UUI symptoms at 12 months postoperatively and identify risk factors for persistent UUI.

Study Design
This secondary analysis utilized data from a randomized trial comparing retropubic versus single-incision slings in women undergoing treatment of stress incontinence and vaginal prolapse with native tissue vaginal repair and midurethral sling. Responses to Question 16 of the Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory-20 were grouped into no and mild UUI (0, 1) versus moderate and severe UUI (2, 3, 4), and associations between UUI symptoms and patient and surgical characteristics were explored.

Results
At baseline, 196/254 (77%) reported at least moderate UUI bother, whereas 58 (23%) had no bother. At 12 months postoperatively, persistent, resolved and de novo UUI were 41%, 59%, and 11%, respectively. At baseline, higher body mass index (odds ratio [OR], 1.08 95% CI, 1.02–1.14; P = 0.005) and symptomatic SUI (OR, 4.76; 95% CI, 2.53–9.01; P < 0.001) were associated with UUI. At 12 months, age (OR, 1.18, 95% CI, 1.04–1.35; P = 0.012) and Charlson Comorbidity Index (OR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.00–1.45; P = 0.049) were associated with UUI. Colpocleisis was the only significant protective factor for the presence of UUI at 12 months (OR, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.13–0.97; P = 0.043).

Conclusion
At 12 months postoperatively, almost 60% saw resolution of baseline UUI symptoms, especially those undergoing colpocleisis.
A Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study of Antibiotics for OnabotulinumtoxinA
Authors: Morocco Elise , Lua-Mailland Lannah , Werth Adrienne , Carr Danielle , Rabice Sarah , Ashmore Sarah , Duong Vi , Wilkes Margaret , Nilsson Wesley , Ferzandi Tanaz 
Published: December 2024

Importance
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common complication of intradetrusor onabotulinumtoxinA (BTX-A) injection. Despite this, there are no evidence-based guidelines on antibiotic prophylaxis.

Objectives
Our primary aim was to determine whether antibiotic prophylaxis decreased symptomatic, culture-proven UTI rates within 6 weeks of intradetrusor BTX-A injection. Our secondary aims were to determine if there are differences between antibiotic regimens and to identify risk factors for developing a UTI.

Study Design
This was a prospective, observational multicenter cohort study of female patients receiving BTX-A for idiopathic overactive bladder. We compared patients who received antibiotics (nitrofurantoin or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole) to those who did not. To detect a 15% difference in UTI rates between groups (80% power, alpha = 0.05), 270 participants were needed.

Results
A total of 282 participants ultimately received BTX-A and were included in the analysis. One hundred eighty-one (62.6%) were in the antibiotic cohort and 101 (35.8%) were in the no-antibiotic cohort. The overall rate of symptomatic, culture-proven UTI was 12.1%, and there was no difference between the antibiotic and no-antibiotic cohort (10.6% vs 14.9%, respectively; P = 0.29). On multivariable logistic regression, UTI was associated with older age (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.07; 95% CI, 1.02–1.11), BTX-A dose of 200 units (aOR, 4.24; 95% CI, 1.45–12.35), and self-catheterization (aOR, 26.0; 95% CI, 3.62–186.5). The odds of symptomatic UTI were lower among postmenopausal participants (aOR, 0.13; 95% CI, 0.02–0.68) and participants in the Northeast United States (aOR, 0.23; 95% CI, 0.08–0.72).

Conclusions
Our study did not find a lower rate of symptomatic, culture-proven UTI among participants who took antibiotics compared with those who did not.
Measurement of the
Se78(n,γ)Se79
cross section up to 600 keV at the n_TOF facility at CERN
Authors: Sosnin N. V. , Lederer-Woods C. , Garg R. , Battino U. , Cristallo S. , Dietz M. , Heinitz S. , Krtička M. , Reifarth R. , Valenta S. , Vescovi D. , Aberle O. , Alcayne V. , Amaducci S. , Andrzejewski J. , Audouin L. , Bécares V. , Babiano-Suarez V. , Bacak M. , Barbagallo M. , Bečvář F. , Bellia G. , Berthoumieux E. , Billowes J. , Bosnar D. , Brown A. , Busso M. , Caamaño M. , Caballero L. , Calviño F. , Calviani M. , Cano-Ott D. , Casanovas A. , Cerutti F. , Chen Y. H. , Chiaveri E. , Colonna N. , Cortés G. , Cortés-Giraldo M. A. , Cosentino L. , Damone L. A. , Diakaki M. , Domingo-Pardo C. , Dressler R. , Dupont E. , Durán I. , Eleme Z. , Fernández-Domínguez B. , Ferrari A. , Finocchiaro P. , Furman V. , Göbel K. , Gawlik-Ramięga A. , Gilardoni S. , Glodariu T. , Gonçalves I. F. , González-Romero E. , Guerrero C. , Gunsing F. , Harada H. , Heyse J. , Jenkins D. G. , Jericha E. , Käppeler F. , Kadi Y. , Kimura A. , Kivel N. , Kokkoris M. , Kopatch Y. , Kurtulgil D. , Ladarescu I. , Leeb H. , Lerendegui-Marco J. , Lo Meo S. , Lonsdale S. J. , Manna A. , Martínez T. , Masi A. , Massimi C. , Mastinu P. , Mastromarco M. , Matteucci F. , Maugeri E. A. , Mazzone A. , Mendoza E. , Mengoni A. , Michalopoulou V. , Milazzo P. M. , Murphy A. St. J. , Musumarra A. , Negret A. , Nolte R. , Ogállar F. , Oprea A. , Patronis N. , Pavlik A. , Perkowski J. , Piersanti L. , Porras I. , Praena J. , Quesada J. M. , Radeck D. , Ramos-Doval D. , Rauscher T. , Rochman D. , Rubbia C. , Sabaté-Gilarte M. , Saxena A. , Schillebeeckx P. , Schumann D. , Smith A. G. , Stamatopoulos A. , Tagliente G. , Tain J. L. , Talip T. , Tarifeño-Saldivia A. , Tassan-Got L. , Torres-Sánchez P. , Tsinganis A. , Ulrich J. , Urlass S. , Vannini G. , Variale V. , Vaz P. , Ventura A. , Vlachoudis V. , Vlastou R. , Wallner A. , Woods P. J. , Wright T. , Žugec P. ,   n_TOF Collaboration
Published: December 2024

The Se78(n,γ)Se79 cross section has a high impact on the abundances of Se78 produced during the slow neutron capture process (s process) in massive stars. A measurement of the Se78 radiative neutron capture cross section has been performed at the Neutron Time-of-Flight facility at CERN using a set of liquid scintillation detectors that have been optimized for a low sensitivity to neutrons. We present resonance capture kernels up to 70 keV and cross section from 70 to 600 keV. Maxwellian-averaged cross section (MACS) values were calculated for stellar temperatures between kT=5 and 100 keV, with uncertainties between 4.6% and 5.8%. The new MACS values result in substantial decreases of 20–30% of Se78 abundances produced in the s process in massive stars and AGB stars. Massive stars are now predicted to produce subsolar Se78/Se76 ratios, which is expected since Se76 is an s-only isotope, while solar Se78 abundances have also contributions from other nucleosynthesis processes.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024