bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PKM KONSERVASI AIR TANAH DI KECAMATAN MAPPAKASUNGGU DAN MANGGARABOMBANG KABUPATEN TAKALAR
Authors: Syahruddin Muhammad Hamzah , Amiruddin Amiruddin , Halide Halmar , Sakka Sakka , Makhrani Makhrani 
Published: July 2020

Groundwater Conservation in Mappakasunggu and Manggarabombang, District TakalarAbstract. Groundwater is water that is contained in layers of soil or rocks below the surface. Many damages are caused by excessive groundwater extraction. For example, one of the residents' wells in Tamaona Lengkese that had been closed because the water had turned to salt water after being used for 10 years. This phenomenon shows that there is sea water intrusion because the rate of groundwater exploitation is greater than the rate of recharge. Besides that, every year there is a drought in the dry season and flooding in the rainy season. Therefore, to avoid a prolonged water crisis, there must be efforts from the government and all levels of society to conserve groundwater. To overcome the various problems of the partners, the Unhas PPMU-PKM team conducted groundwater conservation counseling and training. Counseling is done to the community to understand the existence of ground water and how its conservation. While training was given to improve the skills of the community to conserve groundwater. The results of this education and training are that more than 80% participants have understood how the presence of ground water and its conservation and are able to conserve groundwater with infiltration holes and injection wells.Keywords: Biopore, permeability, ground water, conservation.Abstrak. Air tanah adalah air yang terdapat dalam lapisan tanah atau bebatuan di bawah permukaan tanah. Banyak dampak kerusakan yang ditimbulkan akibat pengambilan air tanah yang berlebihan. Sebagai contoh, salah satu sumur warga di Tamaona Lengkese yang telah ditutup karena airnya sudah berubah menjadi air asin setelah digunakan 10 tahun. Fenomena ini menunjukkan adanya intrusi air laut karena laju pengambilan air tanah jauh lebih besar dibandingkan dengan laju pengimbuhan. Selain itu setiap tahun di daerah tersebut terjadi kekeringan pada musim kemarau dan banjir pada musim hujan. Oleh karena itu, harus ada upaya pemerintah dan lapisan masyarakat untuk melakukan konservasi air tanah untuk menghindari krisis air berkepanjangan. Untuk mengatasi berbagai persoalan mitra tersebut tim PPMU-PKM Unhas melakukan penyuluhan dan pelatihan konservasi air tanah. Penyuluhan dilakukan kepada masyarakat untuk memahami keberadaan air tanah dan bagaimana konservasinya. Sedangkan pelatihan diberikan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan masyarakat untuk melakukan konservasi air tanah. Hasil dari penyuluhan dan pelatihan ini adalah peserta telah memahami bagaimana keberadaan air tanah dan konservasinya diatas 80% dan mampu melakukan konservasi air tanah dengan lubang resapan dan sumur injeksi.Kata kunci: Biopori, permeabilitas, air tanah, konservasi.
PROGRAM KEMITRAAN MASYARAKAT MELALUI INOVASI PANGANAN BERBAHAN DASAR LABU SIAM DAN PELATIHAN E-COMMERCE UNTUK MENINGKATKAN EKONOMI
Authors: Munawarah Munawarah , Hayati Keumala , Pulungan Delyanti Azzumaritho 
Published: July 2020

Community Partnership Program Through Chayote Based Handling Innovation and E-Commerce Training to Improve the EconomyAbstract. The purpose of this community development program is to increase the ability and creativity of housewives in creating a product that can later be sold and improve the economy in Lingkungan XI Kelurahan Suka Maju, Kecamatan Medan Johor Sumatera Utara. The team provides training in the form of processing products from chayote to become syrup,candy, jam and chips. In addition to processing products, partners are also introduced and taught how to prepare simple financial reports such as the calculation of cost of goods manufactured, cost of goods sold, and estimated profit and loss to control finances. After the product training process, partners are also taught the marketing process by maximizing technology through digital e-commerce platforms, one of which is shoppe to market their products to be more widely known. The results obtained after the training program show that there is community satisfaction as a partner for the empowerment program. This is also marked by the increased ability of partners in terms of making products from chayote, as well as being able to market it through digital marketing platforms through e-commerce so as to increase sources of incomeKeywords: Chayote, e-commerce, Medan Johor.Abstrak. Tujuan dari program kemitraan masyarakat ini adalah untuk meningkatkan kemampuan serta kreatifitas ibu-ibu rumah tangga dalam menciptakan suatu produk yang nantinya dapat dijual dan meningkatkan ekonomi di Lingkungan XI Kelurahan Suka Maju Kecamatan Medan Utara.Tim memberikan pelatihan berupa pengolahan produk dari labu siam untuk dijadikan sirop, permen, selai dan keripik(stick labu). Selain mengolah produk, mitra juga diperkenalkan serta diajarkan cara menyusun laporan keuangan sederhana seperti perhitungan harga pokok produksi, harga pokok penjualan, serta estimasi untung rugi untuk mengontrol keuangan. Setelah proses pelatihan pembuatan produk, mitra juga diajarkan proses marketing dengan memaksimalkan teknologi melalui platform digital e-commerce salah satunya shoppe untuk memasarkan produk mereka agar lebih dikenal luas. Hasil yang diperoleh setelah program pelatihan menunjukkan bahwa adanya kepuasan masyarakat selaku mitra terhadap program pemberdayaan. Hal ini juga ditandai dengan meningkatnya kemampuan mitra dalam hal membuat produk dari labu siam, serta mampu memasarkannya melalui platform digital marketing melalui e-commerce sehingga dapat menambah sumber penghasilan.Kata Kunci: Labu siam, e-commerce, Medan Johor.
ANALISIS IMPLEMENTASI ENTREPRENEURSHIP DI KALANGAN SANTRI
Authors: Mustaqim Muhammad , Suhadi Suhadi 
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implementasi entrepreneurship di Pondok Pesantren serta cara mengatasi kendala yang dihadapi dalam implementasi tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode field research (penelitian lapangan) yang disajikan secara diskriptif kualitatif. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi entrepreneurship di pondok pesantren khususnya di Ma’hadul Ulum Asy-Syar’iyyah Sarang Rembang berjalan dengan baik. Tujuan yang ditetapkan dalam implementasi tersebut adalah tercapainya santri yang dapat menyeimbangkan kepentingan kehidupan dunia dan akhirat. Kendala dalam penerapan entrepreneurship di Pondok pesantren pada umumnya adalah kesulitan dalam pengaturan jam pelatihan yang serngkali berbenturan dengan jam ngaji santri. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan akan menjadi bahan informasi dan masukan bagi mahasiswa, tenaga pengajar, peneliti dan semua pihak yang terkait dengan pemberian motivasi kepada rekan-rekan santri agar senantiasa meningkatkan kualitas kehidupannya dengan pelaksanaan wirausaha pada masa yang akan datang.
IMPLEMENTASI CORPORATE GOVERNANCE (CG): DALAM MENINGKATKAN KINERJA PERUSAHAAN
Authors: Suhadi Suhadi 
Published: July 2020

Corporate Governance (CG) merupakan tata kelola perusahaan yang menjelaskan hubungan antara berbagai partisipan dalam perusahaan. Tata kelola perusahaan yang baik tentu menjadi ekspektasi oleh stakeholders, yaitu keberhasilan dalam menentukan arah dan kinerja perusahaan. Corporate governance berhubungan erat dengan bagaimana para pemilik modal atau investor yakin bahwa manajer akan memberikan keuntungan bagi mereka, sehingga bagaimana para investor bias mengontrol para manajer. Corporate Governance (CG) yang mengandung empat unsur penting, yaitu keadilan, transparansi, pertanggungjawaban dan akuntabilitas, diharapkan dapat menjadi suatu solusi dalam meminimalisir konflik keagenan. Hubungan implisit antara pemegang saham dan manajer hanya salah satu dari hubungan keagenan, hubungan keagenan yang lain misalnya hubungan antara manajer dengan berbagai kelompok yang memiliki kepentingan terhadap perusahaan. <br />
ANALISIS STRATEGI BMT DALAM MENGHADAPI TRADE OFF ANTARA LIKUIDITAS DAN PROFITABILITAS
Authors: Andriyanto Irsad 
Published: July 2020

BMT juga mengalami konflik kepentingan (conflict of interest) antara liquidity dan profitability. Artinya bila BMT ingin mempertahankan posisi likuiditas dengan memperbesar cadangan kas, maka BMT tidak akan memakai seluruh loanable funds (dana yang telah dihimpun dari masyarakat) yang ada karena sebagian akan dikembalikan lagi dalam bentuk cadangan tunai (cash reserve). Hal ini berarti upaya pencapaian rentabilitas (profitability) akan berkurang. Demikian juga terjadi sebaliknya. Tujuan penilitian ini meliputi: 1) menganalisis tingkat likuiditas BMT. 2) menganalisis tingkat profitabilitas pada BMT. 3) menganalisis strategi yang diterapkan BMT dalam menghadapi trade off antara likuiditas dan profitabilitas. Hasil penilitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) Dari tahun 2010 hingga 2013 tingkat likuiditas ditinjau dari cash ratio rata-rata masuk dalam kategori cukup likuid. 2)Tingkat profitabilitas ditinjau dari Return On Asset masuk dalam kategori rendah. Rendahnya tingkat profitabilitas ini salah satunya disebabkan karena tingginya tingkat likuiditas. 3) Dalam pengelolaan dana likuiditas dan profitabilitas, BMT menggunakan manajemen dengan pendekatan pool of fund approach. Semua dana BMT yang bersumber dari berbagai pihak dengan berbagai macam akad dikumpulkan ke dalam satu wadah, kemudian manajemen BMT dapat dengan bebas mengalokasikan ke dalam berbagai bentuk pembiayaan yang tidak dibatasi oleh akad yang berbeda-beda baik akad yang memiliki hasil maupun tidak.
Unmet Social Needs and Adherence to Pediatric Weight Management Interventions: Massachusetts, 2017–2019
Authors: Atkins Micaela , Castro Ines , Sharifi Mona , Perkins Meghan , O’Connor Giselle , Luo Man , Sandel Megan , Taveras Elsie M. , Fiechtner Lauren 
Published: July 2020

Objectives. To examine effects of unmet social needs on adherence to pediatric weight management intervention (PWMI). Methods. We examined individual associations of positive screens for parental stress, parental depression, food insecurity, and housing insecurity with intervention adherence, and associations of 0, 1 or 2, and 3 or 4 unmet social needs with adherence, among children enrolled in a 2017–2019 comparative effectiveness trial for 2 high-intensity PWMIs in Massachusetts. Models were adjusted for child age, body mass index (BMI), parent BMI, and intervention arm. Results. Families with versus without housing insecurity received a mean of 5.3 (SD = 8.0) versus 8.3 (SD = 10.9) contact hours (P < .01). There were no statistically significant differences in adherence for families reporting other unmet social needs. Children with 3 to 4 unmet social needs versus without received a mean of 5.2 (SD = 8.1) versus 9.2 (SD = 11.8) contact hours (P < .01). In fully adjusted models, those with housing insecurity attended a mean difference of −3.14 (95% confidence interval [CI] = −5.41, −0.88) hours versus those without. Those with 3 or 4 unmet social needs attended −3.74 (95% CI = –6.64, −0.84) hours less than those with none. Conclusions. Adherence to PWMIs was lower among children with housing insecurity and in families with 3 or 4 unmet social needs. Addressing social needs should be a priority of PWMIs to improve intervention adherence and reduce disparities in childhood obesity. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03012126.
Molecular Diagnostics of Coronavirus Infection in the Kyrgyz Republic
Authors: Khegay S. V. , Dzhaparova A. K. , Dushenalieva E. M. , Kalmyrzaev B. , Kasymbekova K. T. , Kuchuk T. E. , Usenbaev N. T. , Zhunushov A. T. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract. Objective of the study was to develop an effective method of sample pooling for the detection of SARSCoV-2 coronavirus RNA using PCR and evaluate that approach with various test systems.Materials and methods. SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus RNA was detected in samples containing nasal swabs placed in a transport medium. 5 samples were combined into one pool to perform the analysis. The effectiveness of the “in single test tube” pooling method for performing mass studies for COVID-19 was evaluated using the Vector-PCRrv-2019-nCoV-RG-19 test systems,Russia; “ArtTest COVID-19”,Belarus; “BioSpeedy”,Turkey.Results and discussion. A total of 587 pools were studied, consisting of 2935 test samples, in which 56 samples containing SARS-CoV-2 RNA were detected and confirmed by PCR. When studying the method of pooling samples, its specificity and optimal sensitivity for detecting SARS-CoV-2 RNA using the Vector-PCRrv-2019-nCoV-RG, ArtTest COVID-19, and BioSpeedy test systems were shown. The results of applying the pooling method correlated with the data obtained without pooling samples. The average deviation of the cycle amounted to 2 Ct; the fluorescence curve of positive samples corresponded to the «S» form.
Epidemiological Features of HFRS (Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome) Outbreak in the Saratov Region in 2019
Authors: Ivanova A. V. , Safronov V. A. , Popov N. V. , Kozhanova O. I. , Matveeva N. I. , Kresova U. A. , Chumachkova E. A. , Pospelov M. V. , Arkhipova G. N. , Vyatkin I. N. , Shcherbakova S. A. , Kutyrev V. V. 
Published: July 2020

Objectiveof the study was to identify epidemiological peculiarities of HFRS outbreak in the territory of the Saratov Region in 2019 and to determine the key factors contributing to the intensity of epidemic process.Materials and methods.Analyzed are the data on 2702 cases of HFRS registered in the territory of the Saratov Region in 2019, obtained from the Rospotrebnadzor Administration in the Saratov Region and Center of Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Saratov Region. The basic method of investigation was epidemiological one with application of advanced information technologies.Results and discussion.Retrospective analysis of epidemic HFRS manifestations in the Saratov Region showed that HFRS outbreak of 2019 was the largest over the period of disease reporting, both by the number of cases (2702) and by the duration. Early onset of increase in the incidence (may) and allocation of the majority of cases to the territory of the natural park “Kumysnaya Polyana”(75 %) should be considered as characteristic features of the outbreak. We have conducted epidemiological zoning of the Saratov Region allowing for dividing the Region into four types of territories which differ by the level of risk of HFRS exposure (very high, high, medium, and low), as well as distinguishing the most hazardous in terms of HFRS infection territories of Saratov. The key factors affecting the surge in HFRS cases were high numbers of infected rodents during spring months of 2019 due to mild and extremely snowy winter of 2018–2019; reduction in forest engineering works aimed at turning the focal territory into aesthetic forestry. The change in the character of exploitation of 9 % of the natural park “Kumysnaya Polyana” resulted in the increase of population contacts with natural-focal complexes. Mass visits to natural focus during early spring period against the background of low alertness to risks of HFRS infection led to explosive growth of HFRS incidence.
Virulence of HtpG<sup>+</sup> and HtpG<sup>−</sup> strains of <i>Yersinia pestis</i> for Mice and Guinea Pigs
Authors: Krasil’nikova E. A. , Shaikhutdinova R. Z. , Svetoch T. E. , Platonov M. E. , Kombarova T. I. , Ivanov S. A. , Dentovskaya S. V. , Anisimov A. P. 
Published: July 2020

HtpG (high-temperature protein G) is a bacterial homologue of the highly conserved molecular chaperone Hsp90 of eukaryotes, which plays an important role in protection against stress in many bacterial species. The role of the htpG gene encoding the synthesis of high-temperature prokaryotic G protein in the pathogenesis of bacterial infections is still unclear.The aim of this work is to study the functional importance of HtpG in the pathogenesis of plague.Materials and methods. Isogenic Yersinia pestis sets based on attenuated and virulent strains differing in the presence of the functional htpG gene (YPO3119) were generated with the help of site-directed mutagenesis. The HtpG amino acid sequence was analyzed using the BLAST program. The properties of the resulting mutant strains were evaluated using microbiological and biological methods.Results and discussion. The bioinformatics analysis showed high conservativeness of the HtpG protein within the Y. pestis species (100% identity), as well as 99 % identity with the Y. pseudotuberculosis protein and 96 % identity – Y. enterocolitica protein. Y. pestis htpG knock-out mutants showed increase of susceptibility to temperature and oxidative stress like mutants of the other bacterial species. However, the mutant was not sensitive to osmotic stress and human serum complement. The loss of the ability to synthesize HtpG by plague microbe did not affect the virulence and average life duration of mice and guinea pigs challenged subcutaneously. It means that htpG gene is not a good molecular target for the treatment and/or immunoprophylaxis of plague.
Whole-Genome Sequencing and Phylogenetic Analysis of <i>Francisella tularensis</i> Vaccine Strain 15 NIIEG
Authors: Naryshkina E. A. , Krasnov Ya. M. , Alhova Zh. V. , Badanin D. V. , Osin A. V. , Lyashova O. Yu. , Sayapina L. V. , Bondarev V. P. , Merkulov V. A. , Olefir Yu. V. , Kutyrev V. V. 
Published: July 2020

Objective of the study was to conduct whole-genome sequencing of the vaccine strain Francisella tularensis 15 NIIEG and determine, based on the results, its phylogenetic relationships and the genetic organization features.Materials and methods. Whole-genome sequencing of F. tularensis 15 NIIEG strain was performed on Ion PGM (Ion Torrent, USA) and MinIon (Oxford Nanopore Technologies, UK) platforms. Alignment of readings obtained to the whole-genome of F. tularensis subsp. holarctica LVS (CP009694, USA, 2015) was performed using the software package DNASTAR Lasergene 15.3. Hybrid assembly of reads into contigs was performed by means of Unicycler v. 0.4.4, using data obtained by semiconductor sequencing technology (Ion PGM) and nanopore sequencing (MinIon). Phylogenetic analysis was performed on the basis of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) data located in the core part of F. tularensis genome. Maximum parsimony algorithm was used to construct a dendrogram using the obtained data of common SNP-matrix.Results and discussion. The close relations of F. tularensis 15 NIIEG strain with F. tularensis LVS vaccine strain used in the countries of Western Europe and North America was confirmed. Searching for common single mutations characteristic of F. tularensis 15 vaccine strains of NIIEG and LVS, permitted to find 5 unique SNPs that distinguish them from all other 228 F. tularensis strains used in the comparison. Comparative genomic analysis ofF. tularensis 15 NIIEG vaccine strain and virulent strains revealed in its structure two extensive 526 bp deletions (genes pilA and pilE) and 1480 bp (genes encoding lipoprotein). Similar deletions are also present in the genome of the F. tularensis LVS vaccine strain.
HIV-1-Syphilis Co-infection Associated with High Viral Load in Female Sex Workers in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Authors: Musema Godefroid M.A. , Mapatano Ali M. , Tshala Desire K. , Kayembe Patrick K. 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Sexually transmitted infections (STI) and HIV co-infection are common in countries where resources are limited constituting a leading public health issue. The negative impact of HIV transmission and acquisition are known. The aim of this study was to determine whether HIV-l-syphilis co-infection is associated with high HIV-l viral load (VL) in female sex workers (FSWs) in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC).

Methods:
Sera from 411 FSWs tested HIV+ in a national DRC HIV/STI Integrated Biological and Behavioral Surveillance Survey (IBBS) conducted between December 2012 and January 2013. HIV and syphilis testing were performed according to validated DRC national testing algorithms used by the National AIDS Control Program (PNLS). VL was measured according to Abbot m2000sp and m2000rt protocols. HIV-l-syphilis co-infection proportion was determined and multivariate analyses were used to identify factors associated with higher VL in HIV-l-syphilis co-infected FSWs.

Results:
Of 411 HIV-infected FSWs, 19.2% (95% CI: 15.4 – 23.0) were co-infected with syphilis. The mean HIV-l VL in HIV-l-positive FSWs co-infected with syphilis [2.9 log10 HIV RNA/mL (95% CI: 2.49 – 3.29)] was higher compared with those not co-infected with syphilis [2.2 log10 HIV RNA/mL (95% CI: l.97 – 2.46)]. Multivariate analysis showed that syphilis co-infection was associated with high HIV-l VL (aOR [95% CI] = 1.90 [1.03, 3.52]) but HIV-1 VL was not influenced by age, education level, duration in sex profession, abnormal fluid, and genital sore.

Conclusion and Implications for Translation:
HIV-l Syphilis co-infection was associated with higher HIV-l VL. Preventing FSWs from getting STIs and screening HIV-infected individuals for STIs and providing them with appropriate treatment could impact the transmission of HIV from FSWs to their clients.
Contratos inteligentes y evaluación de la solvencia en el crédito inmobiliario
Authors: Bárcena Suárez Nicolás 
Published: July 2020

La preocupación del legislador europeo por reducir el riesgo de impago en el mercado de crédito inmobiliario ha reforzado los sistemas de evaluación de solvencia de los estados europeos. El mecanismo más habitual empleado por la banca para medir los riesgos de un contrato de préstamo o crédito es el denominado credit score. La irrupción de la tecnología blockchain y los denominados smart contracts arrojan un nuevo escenario para el ámbito del credit score pero también algunas dudas debido a la ausencia de regulación concreta.