bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cause-specific survival by stage of bladder and urinary tract cancers and factors collected by Mallorca Cancer Registry associated to survival
Authors: Ramos Maria , Ripoll Joana , Montaño Juanjo , Pons Jaume , Ameijide Alberto , Franch Paula 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: 1) to find out the distribution of bladder and urinary tract cancers by stage; 2) to determine cause-specific survival by stage of bladder and urinary tract cancers; 3) to identify factors that explain and predict the likelihood of survival and the risk of dying from these cancers.Methods: Incident bladder and urinary tract cancer cases diagnosed between 2006 and 2011 were identified through the Mallorca Cancer Registry. Inclusion criteria: cases with codes C65–C68 according to the ICD-O 3rd edition with any behaviour. Cases identified exclusively through the death certificate were excluded. We collected the following data: sex; age; date and method of diagnosis; histology according to the ICD-O 3rd edition; T, N, M and stage at the time of diagnosis; and date of follow-up or death. End point of follow-up was 31 December 2015. Multiple imputation (MI) was performed to estimate cases with unknown stage. Cases with benign or indeterminate behaviour were excluded for the survival analysis. Actuarial and Kaplan-Meier methods and Cox regression models were used for survival analysis.Results: 2060 cases were identified. 15% were women and 65.2% were 65 years or older. 93.6% consisted of bladder and other urinary tracts. 55.7% were papillary transitional neoplasia, 37.7% solid transitional, 0.6% microcytic, and the rest of other histology. 3.7% had no stage (benign or undetermined behaviour) and 12.5% had unknown stage. After MI, 35.7% were in stage 0a (non-invasive papillary carcinoma), 3.1% in stage 0is (carcinoma in situ), 33.3% in stage I, 11.9 % in Stage II, 4.7% in stage III, and 11.1% in stage IV. Survival was 73% at 5 years. Survival by stage: 98% at stage 0a, 88% at stage 0is, 84% at stage I, 44% at stage II, 33% at stage III, and 7% at stage IV. The Cox model showed that age, histology, and stage were associated with survival.Conclusion: Bladder and urinary tract cancers survival vary greatly with stage, among both non-invasive and invasive cases.
Prognostic utility of lipoprotein(a) combined with fibrinogen in patients with stable coronary artery disease: a prospective, large cohort study
Authors: Zhang Yan , Jin Jing-Lu , Cao Ye-Xuan , Liu Hui-Hui , Zhang Hui-Wen , Guo Yuan-Lin , Wu Na-Qiong , Gao Ying , Hua Qi , Li Yan-Fang , Xu Rui-Xia , Cui Chuan-Jue , Liu Geng , Dong Qian , Sun Jing , Li Jian-Jun 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Elevated lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] and fibrinogen (Fib) are both associated with coronary artery disease (CAD) and the atherogenicity of Lp(a) can be partly due to the potentially antifibrinolytic categories. We hypothesize that patients with higher Lp(a) and Fib may have worse outcomes. Methods: In this prospective study, we consecutively enrolled 8,417 patients with stable CAD from March 2011 to March 2017. All subjects were divided into 9 groups according to Lp(a) (Lp(a)-Low, Lp(a)-Medium, Lp(a)-High) and Fib levels (Fib-Low, Fib-Medium, Fib-High) and followed up for CVEs, including nonfatal acute myocardial infarction, stroke, and cardiovascular mortality. Caplan-Meier, Cox regression and C-statistic analyses were performed.Results: During a median of 37.1 months’ follow-up, 395 (4.7%) CVEs occurred. The occurrence of CVEs increased by Lp(a) (3.5% vs. 5.3% vs. 5.6%, p=0.001) and Fib (4.0% vs. 4.4% vs. 6.1%, p<0.001) categories. When further classified into 9 groups by Lp(a) and Fib levels, the CVEs were highest in the 9th (Lp(a)-High and Fib-High) compared with the 1st (Lp(a)-Low and Fib-Low) group (7.2% vs. 3.3%, p<0.001). The highest risk of subsequent CVEs was found in the 9th group (HRadjusted 2.656, 95% CI 1.628-4.333, p<0.001), which was more significant than Lp(a)-High (HRadjusted 1.786, 95% CI 1.315-2.426, p<0.001) or Fib-High (HRadjusted 1.558, 95% CI 1.162-2.089, p=0.003) group. Moreover, adding the combined Lp(a) and Fib increased the C-statistic by 0.013.Conclusion: Combining Fib and Lp(a) enhance the prognostic value for incident CVEs beyond Lp(a) or Fib alone.
The C-terminal of the E1A binding protein 2 enhances the metastatic potential of keratinocyte-derived cutaneous squamous carcinoma cells via the gp130/JAK2/Stat1 signaling pathway
Authors: Zuo Siyao , Li Xin , Bao Wanguo , Li Shanshan 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background The abnormal expression of C-terminal of the E1A binding proteins (CtBPs) was is observed to be involved in several human tumors. This study aims to investigate the expression of CtBPs and their potential underlying mechanisms in the most common metastatic skin cancer, keratinocyte-derived cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCCs) patients and their evaluation value in clinical diagnosis and prognosis. Methods In the present study, the expression levels of CtBPs in cSCCs and actinic keratosis tissues were examined by immunohistochemical assay. To discover the effects of CtBP2 on the metastatic phenotype of cSCCs, a stably expressing plasmid was transfected into keratinocyte cells in order to initiate CtBP2 overexpression. The endogenous protein gp130, which is a signal-transducing subunit associated with the ligand-occupied interleukin receptor was silenced in these cells using short hairpin RNA (shRNA) sequences. Moreover, the endogenous expression of CtBP2 in cSCCs cell lines was also silenced. Transfection efficiency was validated by western blotting and immunofluorescence assays, and the malignant phenotype of these cells was evaluated by various assays including the CCK8, colony formation, transwell, and cell scratch assay. Furthermore, the activation state of the gp130/JAK2/Stat1 signaling pathway was further discovered via western blotting. Results The observation discovered that the mean levels of CtBP2 expression, not noted for CtBP1, were elevated in 104 cSCCs tissue samples compared with those noted in 102 actinic keratosis tissue samples. The upregulated expression levels of CtBP2 were remarkably associated with tumor metastasis. CtBP2 promoted the malignant phenotype of keratinocyte cells, and gp130 knockdown (k/o) notably reduced this effect in keratinocyte cells by inhibiting the activation of the JAK2/Stat1 pathway. In addition, the k/o of CtBP2 notably reduced the ability of cSCCs cells to metastasize by suppressing the gp130/JAK2/Stat1 pathway. Conclusions The present data revealed that CtBP2 promoted cSCCs cell metastasis via the gp130/JAK2/Stat1 pathway, suggesting that targeting of CtBP2 or gp130 is a promising anti-tumor tactics to impede tumor progression in cSCCs.
Clinical features and outcome of infection-related glomerulonephritis with IgA deposits
Authors: Miquelestorena-Standley Elodie , Jaulerry Charlotte , Machet Marie-Christine , Rabot Nolwenn , Barbet Christelle , Hummel Aurélie , Karras Alexandre , Garrouste Cyril , Crepin Thomas , Ducloux Didier , Cousin Maud , Albert Catherine , Rivalan Joseph , Gall Emilie Cornec Le , Pourreau François , Deltombe Clément , Nochy Dominique , Szlavik Nora , Felix Sophie , Croué Anne , Buob David , Rioux-Leclerc Nathalie , Doucet Laurent , Goujon Jean-Michel , Renaudin Karine , Rabant Marion , Halimi Jean-Michel 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Infection-related glomerulonephritis with IgA deposits (IRGN-IgA) is being more widely recognized but the precise epidemiology and outcome is lacking, particularly in Europe. We aimed to assess clinical, pathologic and outcome data of IRGN-IgA. Methods Clinical and outcome data from patients from 11 French centers over the 2007-2017 period were retrospectively collected. We reviewed pathologic patterns and immunofluorescence of renal biopsies and evaluated C4d expression in IRGN-IgA. We analyzed correlation between histological presentation and outcome using the Chi square test (qualitative data) and Kruskal-Wallis test (quantitative data). Results Twenty-seven patients (23 men, mean age: 62 ± 15 years) were included. Most of them had a Staphylococcus aureus infection (77.8%) and 44.4% were diabetic. At the time of biopsy, 95.2% had haematuria, 48.1% had a serum creatinine >4 mg/dL, and 16% had a hypocomplementemia. The most common pathologic presentation included mesangial (88.9%) and endocapillary proliferative glomerulonephritis (88.9%) with interstitial fibrosis with tubular atrophy (IF/TA) (85.1%). Diffuse and global glomerular C4d expression, found in 17.8% of the cases, was most frequently observed in biopsies with acute or subacute pattern and associated with a shorter delay between infection and renal biopsy compared to segmental and focal staining. After a median follow-up of 13.2 months, 23.1% died, 46.2% had persistent renal dysfunction and 15.4% reached end-stage renal disease. Renal outcome was correlated to IF/TA severity. Conclusions Infection-related glomerulonephritis with IgA deposits is usually associated with Staphyloccus infections and mainly affects adult men. This entity has a poor prognosis which is correlated to interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy severity.
Non-immune-mediated versus immune-mediated type 1 diabetes diagnosis and long-term differences. Retrospective analysis.
Authors: Catarino Diana , Silva Diana , Guiomar Joana , Ribeiro Cristina , Ruas Luísa , Cardoso Luís , Paiva Isabel 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background

The American Diabetes Association proposed two subcategories for type 1 diabetes mellitus : type 1A or immune-mediated diabetes (IDM) and type 1B or idiopathic diabetes. The absence of β-cell autoimmune markers, permanent insulinopenia and prone to ketoacidosis define the second category, whose pathogenesis remains unclear. Only a minority of patients fall into this category, also designated non-immune-mediated (NIDM), which is considered by several authors similar to type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study is to evaluate differences at the diagnosis and ten years later of two categories.

Methods

Retrospective cohort study of patients with β-cell autoimmune markers performed at diagnosis and undetectable c-peptide. Were excluded patients with suspicion of another specific type of diabetes. We obtained two groups: IDM (≥ 1 positive antibody) and NIDM (negative antibodies). Age, family history, anthropometry, duration of symptoms, clinical presentation, blood glucose at admission, A1C, lipid profile, arterial hypertension, total diary dose of insulin (TDDI), microvascular and macrovascular complications were evaluated. Results were considered statistically significant with p<0.05.

Results

37 patients, 29 with IDM and 8 patients with NIDM. The age of diagnosis of IDM group (23 years) was significantly different (p=0.004) from the NIDM group (38.1).

The body mass index (BMI) at the diagnosis did not differ significantly (p=0.435). The duration of symptoms was longer in the NIDM (p=0.003). The disease presentation (p=0.744), blood glucose (p=0.482) and HbA1C (p=0.794) at admission and TDID at discharge (p=0.301) did not differ significantly. Total and LDL cholesterol levels were higher in NIDM group but did not differ significantly (p=0.585 and p=0.579, respectively).

After ten years BMI did not differ between groups(p=0.079). Patients with IDM showed a significantly higher HbA1C (p=0,008) and TDID (p=0.017). Relative to the lipid profile, there was no significant difference, however the LDL cholesterol and triglycerides were higher on the NIDM group, as the percentage of hypertension.

Microvascular complications were higher in the IDM group, but no significant difference was found.

Conclusion

Patients with IDM had a poor metabolic control and higher insulin requirement. Patients with NIDM were older and showed higher cardiovascular risk, resembling a clinical phenotype of type 2 diabetes.
Shared transcriptomic responses of Aedes aegypti to arboviral infections : example of dengue and Rift Valley fever viruses
Authors: LICCIARDI Séverine , LOIRE Etienne , CARDINALE Eric , GISLARD Marie , DUBOIS Emeric , CETRE-SOSSAH Catherine Béatrice 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
BackgroundArthropod borne virus infections cause several emerging and resurgent infectious diseases. Among the diseases caused by arboviruses, dengue and Rift Valley fever are responsible for a high rate of severe human diseases worldwide. Understanding the effects of viral infection on gene expression in the mosquito is crucial to the development of early diagnostic tools and may enable researchers and policy makers to better anticipate outbreaks in the next future. Methods Here we investigate the alterations in gene expression across the entire Aedes aegypti genome during infection with DENV and RVF over time.ResultsWe describe several up-regulated genes that share a similar expression profile during infection with both viruses at early and late phases of infection. Family B and D clip-domain serine proteases (CLIP) are clearly overrepresented as well as C-type lectins and transferrin. ConclusionsOur results provide an extensive amount of data highlighting viral gene targets in the mosquito during infection. This data may also be used to develop broad-spectrum anti-viral diagnostic tools based on mosquitoes rather than the mammalian hosts and would help to predict and manage the emergence of outbreaks.
Preparation, characterization of fish scales biochar and their applications in the removal of anionic indigo carmine dye from aqueous solutions
Authors: Achieng George O. , Kowenje Chrispin O. , Lalah Joseph O. , Ojwach Stephen O. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe preparation and applications of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fish scale biochars (FSB) as an adsorbent in the removal of indigo carmine dye (ICD) from aqueous solutions is described. The biochars were prepared through pyrolysis over a temperature range of 200 °C–800 °C and characterized for surface charge, functional groups, thermal stability, particle size and morphology, elemental composition, crystallinity, and surface area by using pHpzc, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), transmission electron microscopy/scanning electron microscopy (TEM/SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) techniques, respectively. Batch experiments were carried out to determine the variation of adsorption process with initial dye concentration, contact time, initial solution pH, adsorbent load, temperature and adsorbent pyrolysis temperature on the removal of the dye. The percentage removal increased with increase in initial dye concentration and adsorbent dosage. A pH of 2 was the most appropriate for the adsorption experiments. The equilibrium data fitted pseudo-first-order kinetics and Freundlich models, while the thermodynamic parameters confirmed that the adsorption process was endothermic.
Effect of Steroidal Hormone Pregnenolone on Proliferation and Differentiation of MC3T3-E1 Osteoblast like Cells
Authors: Badran Serene Adnan , Atia-tul-Wahab  , Fayyaz Sharmeen , Muhammad Bushra Taj , Choudhary Muhammad Iqbal 
Published: February 2020

Background:
Bone remodeling is a complex process that includes continuous resorption
by osteoclast cells and bone formation by osteoblast cells. Bone fragility is a common health issue
of the elderly population, particularly in postmenopausal women. It has been established that steroidal
hormones have an important role in bone homeostasis. Therefore hormone replacement therapy
could have beneficial effects on bone health as compared to other treatments.

Objectives:
An imbalance between the rate of bone formation and bone resorption leads to the fragility
of bones. During the current study, we aimed to explore the ability of pregnenolone (1) (PRE),
on proliferation and differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. We further aimed to investigate the underlying
mechanism of action for the anabolic effect of PRE (1).

Methods:
The effects of pregnenolone (1) on proliferation, differentiation, and mineralization of
MC3T3 osteoblast-like cells were determined. Cell viability was analyzed using MTT assay and
flow cytometry. ALP activity and alizarin staining were employed to evaluate the effect of pregnenolone
on osteoblast differentiation. Moreover, western blot for analysis of certain important proteins,
crucial for the regulation of bone homeostasis, such as BMP2 and RANKL, was also performed.

Results:
Our results showed that pregnenolone (1) at a concentration of 5 μM
caused a significant (p< 0.05) rise in the growth of MC3T3-E1 cells, whereas a comparable effect
was observed in osteoblast differentiating assays. A significant decrease in RANKL expression was
observed at (0.04 – 1 .M). Our results, therefore, indicated the possible role of pregnenolone (1) in
positive regulation of bone homeostasis by suppressing RANKL expression.

Conclusion:
Taken together, our results indicate that pregnenolone (1) has the potential to enhance
osteoblast proliferation, as inferred from the increased number of cells. These results demonstrated that
pregnenolone (1) could be a potential anabolic agent for the treatment of fragility related disorders.
Deep Novo A+: Improving the Deep Learning Model for De Novo Peptide Sequencing with Additional Ion Types and Validation Set
Authors: Di Lei , He Yongxing , Lu Yonggang 
Published: February 2020

Background:
De novo peptide sequencing is one of the key technologies in proteomics,
which can extract peptide sequences directly from tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) spectra
without any protein databases. Since the accuracy and efficiency of de novo peptide sequencing can
be affected by the quality of the MS/MS data, the DeepNovo method using deep learning for de
novo peptide sequencing is introduced, which outperforms the other state-of-the-art de novo
sequencing methods.

Objective:
For superior performance and better generalization ability, additional ion types of spectra
should be considered and the model of DeepNovo should be adaptive.

Methods:
Two improvements are introduced in the DeepNovo A+ method: a_ions are added in the
spectral analysis, and the validation set is used to automatically determine the number of training
epochs.

Results:
Experiments show that compared to the DeepNovo method, the DeepNovo A+ method can
consistently improve the accuracy of de novo sequencing under different conditions.

Conclusion:
By adding a_ions and using the validation set, the performance of de novo sequencing
can be improved effectively.
An Overview on Promising Nanotechnological Approaches for the Treatment of Psoriasis
Authors: Pandey Kalpana , Nimisha  
Published: February 2020

Background:Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune disorder of the skin which is characterized by the reoccurring episodes of inflammatory lesions with a worldwide occurrence of around 2-5%. Psoriasis can be categorized as mild, moderate and severe conditions. In mild psoriasis, there is the formation of rashes, and when it becomes moderate, the skin turns scaly. In severe conditions, the red patches can be seen on the skin surface and the skin becomes itchy. The different treatment approaches include phototherapy, topical, oral and other systemic drug deliveries. Dermal treatment is now highly endorsed in topical indications for psoriatic patients, due to its higher penetration which can be achieved using pharmaceutical carriers.Objective:Though various conventional formulations are there, therapeutic benefits can be provided only to a limited extent. The objective of this review was to highlight newer biocompatible and biodegradable materials like phospholipids, and forefront drug delivery methods like liposomes, microemulsions, nanoemulsions, niosomes, ethosomes, etc. which has increased the possibility to improve the efficacy and safety of the topical products. Apart from this, many medicinal plants are available in nature that are used for treating skin diseases like psoriasis.Conclusion:The new trends in nanotechnology are marked by subsequent changes in the pharmaceutical research field. To safeguard the research works in the research field, various patents have been introduced, such as Glaxo Smith Kline (GSK 2981278) – RORγ antagonist, etc. The causes, pathophysiology and the herbal plants that are used in treating the disease are also discussed.
miR-18a-3p Encourages Apoptosis of Chondrocyte in Osteoarthritis via HOXA1 Pathway
Authors: Ding Baiyang , Xu Shujuan , Sun Xiumin , Gao Jianming , Nie Wenlei , Xu Hongguang 
Published: February 2020

Background:
Osteoarthritis is a disorder of joints featuring inflammation and degeneration
of articular cartilage. Recently, miRs have been found to be associated in the regulation of chondrocytes
and their apoptosis. miR-18a-3p has been found to be associated in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid
arthritis, however, its role in articular cartilage tissues remains unclear.

Methods:
C57BL/6 strain of mice and human cartilage tissue were used for the study. Histological
analysis was done on isolated cartilage samples followed by TUNEL assay and immunohistochemical
analysis. The chondrocytes were isolated from mouse and human cartilage tissues, RNA was isolated
and subjected for qRT-PCR analysis. The chondrocytes were transfected with miR-18a-3p agomir,
antagomir and siHOXA-1. Luciferase assay was done in 293T cells. Flow cytometry analysis was
done and western blot analysis for studying the expression of proteins.

Results:
The expression of miR-18a-3p was upregulated in chondrocytes after exposing them to interlukin-
1β (IL-1β) in vitro. The transfection of miR-18a-3p antagomir halted the IL-1β mediated apoptosis.
The luciferase assay suggested that miR-18a-3p targets the 3’UTR region of HOXA1 gene thus
blocking its expression. The treatment of HOXA1 siRNA demonstrated the rescuing effect of miR-
18a-3p antagomir on the apoptosis of chondrocytes. Treatment of miR-18a-3p antagomir attenuated
the surface of cartilage in osteoarthritis mice and the agomir worsened it. TUNEL assay suggested
decreased apoptosis and over-expression of HOAX1 in osteoarthritis mice post miR-18a-3p knockdown.

Conclusion:
The findings confirmed the involvement of miR-18a-3p/HOXA1 pathway as a potential
mechanism in the regulation of Osteoarthritis.
Role of MicroRNA Genes miR-1000and miR-375in Forming Olfactory Conditional Memory in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Rahman Sadniman , Modak Chaity , Akter Mousumi , Alam Mohammad Shamimul 
Published: February 2020

Background:
Learning and memory are basic aspects of neurogenetics as most of the neurological
disorders start with dementia or memory loss. Several genes associated with memory formation
have been discovered. MicroRNA genes, miR-1000 and miR-375, were reported to be associated
with neural integration and glucose homeostasis in some insects and vertebrates. However, the
neuronal function of these genes is yet to be established in D. melanogaster.

Objective:
The possible role of miR-1000 and miR-375 in learning and memory formation in this fly
has been explored in the present study.

Methods:
Both types of appetitive and aversive olfactory conditional learning were tested in the miR-
1000 and miR-375 knockout (KO) strains and compared with the wild one. Five days old third instar
larvae were trained by allowing them to be associated with an odor with reward (fructose) or punishment
(salt). Then, the larvae were tested to calculate their preferences to the odor they were
trained with. Learning Index (LI) values and larval locomotion speed were calculated for all strains.

Results:
Knockout strain of miR-1000 showed significant deficiency in both appetitive and aversive
memory formation whereas miR-375 KO strain showed a significantly lower response only in appetitive
one.

Conclusion:
The results of the present study indicate an important role of miR-1000 and miR-375
genes in forming short-term memory in D. melanogaster.