bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Right Atrial Deformation Using Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Myocardial Feature Tracking Compared with Two-Dimensional Speckle Tracking Echocardiography in Healthy Volunteers
Authors: Truong Vien T. , Palmer Cassady , Young Michael , Wolking Sarah , Ngo Tam N. M. , Sheets Brandy , Hausfeld Chelsey , Ornella Allison , Taylor Michael D. , Zareba Karolina M. , Raman Subha V. , Mazur Wojciech 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSpeckle tracking echocardiography (STE), and more recently, cardiovascular magnetic resonance myocardial feature tracking (CMR-FT) provides insight into all phases of atrial function. The aim of our study was to compare all phases of RA strain using CMR-FT and STE and also assess the relationship between RA and LA strain. A total of 61 healthy volunteers with mean age of 45 ± 13 years had adequate tracking for analysis on CMR-FT and 2D-STE. Females had larger RA reservoir strain (39 ± 15% vs. 32 ± 13%, p = 0.046) and conduit strain (26 ± 12% vs. 20 ± 9%, p = 0.03) when compared to males, but was not the case with booster strain (14 ± 7% vs. 12 ± 6%, p = 0.45). In comparison with STE derived strain, the RA reservoir and conduit strain were not significantly different between CMR-FT and the three echocardiography gating methods (p > 0.05 for all). Noticeably, there were no significant differences in strain and strain rate between RA and LA function using CMR-FT (p > 0.05 for all). RA strain and strain rate using CMR-FT had fair and good intra- and inter-observer reproducibility and had superior reproducibility compared to STE derived strain.
Differential impact of the ERBB receptors EGFR and ERBB2 on the initiation of precursor lesions of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Meyers Nora , Gérard Claude , Lemaigre Frédéric P. , Jacquemin Patrick 
Published: March 2020

AbstractEarlier diagnosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) requires better understanding of the mechanisms driving tumorigenesis. In this context, depletion of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) is known to impair development of PDAC-initiating lesions called acinar-to-ductal metaplasia (ADM) and Pancreatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia (PanIN). In contrast, the role of v-erb-b2 erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog 2 (ERBB2), the preferred dimerization partner of EGFR, remains poorly understood. Here, using a mouse model with inactivation of Erbb2 in pancreatic acinar cells, we found that Erbb2 is dispensable for inflammation- and KRasG12D-induced development of ADM and PanIN. A mathematical model of EGFR/ERBB2-KRAS signaling, which was calibrated on mouse and human data, supported the observed roles of EGFR and ERBB2. However, this model also predicted that overexpression of ERBB2 stimulates ERBB/KRAS signaling; this prediction was validated experimentally. We conclude that EGFR and ERBB2 differentially impact ERBB signaling during PDAC tumorigenesis, and that the oncogenic potential of ERBB2 is only manifested when it is overexpressed. Therefore, the level of ERBB2, not only its mere presence, needs to be considered when designing therapies targeting ERBB signaling.
Comparison of the short-term outcomes of using DST and PPH staplers in the treatment of grade III and IV hemorrhoids
Authors: Wang Tzu-Hsuan , Kiu Kee-Thai , Yen Min-Hsuan , Chang Tung-Cheng 
Published: March 2020

AbstractStapled hemorrhoidopexy has a few advantages such as less postoperative pain and faster recovery compared with conventional hemorrhoidectomy. There are two major devices used for stapled hemorrhoidopexy, PPH stapler (Ethicon EndoSurgery) and DST stapler (Covidien). This study was conducted to investigate the postoperative outcomes among patients with grade III and IV hemorrhoids who underwent hemorrhoidopexy with either of these two devices. A total of 242 consecutive patients underwent stapled hemorrhoidopexy with either PPH stapler (110 patients) or DST stapler (132 patients) at a single center in 2017. We performed a retrospective case–control study to compare the short-term postoperative outcomes and the complications between these two groups. After matching the cases in terms of age, gender, and the grade of hemorrhoids, there were 100 patients in each group (PPH versus DST). There were no significant differences in the postoperative visual analog scale (VAS) score and analgesic usage. Among complications, the incidence of anorectal stricture was significantly higher in the DST group (p = 0.02). Evaluation of the mucosal specimen showed that the total surface area, the muscle/mucosa ratio and the surface area of the muscle were also significantly higher in the DST group (p = 0.03). Further analysis of the DST group demonstrated that patients with anorectal stricture after surgery are younger than patients without anorectal stricture, and higher muscle/mucosa ratio (p = 0.03) and a higher surface area of the muscle (p = 0.03) also measured in the surgical specimen. The two devices provide similar outcomes of postoperative recovery. Patients who underwent DST stapled hemorrhoidopexy had a higher incidence rate of stricture, larger area of muscle excision, and higher muscle/mucosa ratio in the surgical specimen. Further investigation is warranted for a better understanding of the correlation between muscle excision and anorectal stricture.
Solvent extraction and gas chromatography–mass spectrometric determination of probable carcinogen 1,4-dioxane in cosmetic products
Authors: Alsohaimi Ibrahim Hotan , Khan Mohammad Rizwan , Ali Hazim Mohammed , Azam Mohammad , Alammari Ahmed Moid 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn the present work, a method based on solvent extraction and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) has been validated for the determination of 1,4-dioxane in cosmetics. Various solvents including ethyl acetate, hexane, methanol, dichloromethane and acetone have been used for the extraction of 1,4-dioxane, among them the ethyl acetate was found to be the most efficient extracting solvent. This method has offered excellent quality parameters for instance linearity (R2 > 0.9991), limit of detection (LOD, 0.00065-0.00091 µg/mL), limit of quantification (LOQ, 0.00217–0.00304 µg/mL) and, precision intra-day (1.65–2.60%, n = 5) and inter-day (0.16–0.32%, n = 5) in terms of relative standard deviation (RSD%). A total of thirty-nine cosmetic samples of different brands and origin have been studied. Among them, the 1,4-dioxane was found in twenty-three samples (FB1-FB7, MC1-MC4, MC6-MC8, HS3, HS5, BL1-BL3, BL5 and PLD1-PLD3) at the levels between 0.15 µg/mL and 9.92 µg/mL, whereas in sixteen samples (MC5, HS1, HS2, SG1-SG5, BL4 and HP1- HP6) was found to be not detected. The recovery values were achieved between 93% and 99% in both low and high level of spiked samples. In comparison to the traditional analytical techniques, the proposed method was found to be very sensitive and cost-effective for the routine analysis of 1,4-dioxane at low concentration in cosmetics.
Organotypic culture as a research and preclinical model to study uterine leiomyomas
Authors: Salas Ana , López Judith , Reyes Ricardo , Évora Carmen , de Oca Francisco Montes , Báez Delia , Delgado Araceli , Almeida Teresa A. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractOrganotypic cultures of tissue slices have been successfully established in lung, prostate, colon, gastric and breast cancer among other malignancies, but until now anex vivomodel based on tissue slices has not been established for uterine leiomyoma. In the present study, we describe a method for culturing tumour slides onto an alginate scaffold. Morphological integrity of tissue slices was maintained for up to 7 days of culture, with cells expressing desmin, estrogen and progesterone receptors. Driver mutations were present in theex vivoslices at all-time points analyzed. Cultivated tumour slices responded to ovarian hormones stimulation upregulating the expression of genes involved in leiomyoma pathogenesis. This tissue model preserves extracellular matrix, cellular diversity and genetic background simulating more in-vivo-likesituations. As a novelty, this platform allows encapsulation of microspheres containing drugs that can be tested on theex vivotumour slices. After optimizing drug release rates, microspheres would then be directly tested in animal models through local injection.
Microbial community profiling of ammonia and nitrite oxidizing bacterial enrichments from brackishwater ecosystems for mitigating nitrogen species
Authors: Baskaran Viswanathan , Patil Prasanna K. , Antony M. Leo , Avunje Satheesha , Nagaraju Vinay T. , Ghate Sudeep D. , Nathamuni Suganya , Dineshkumar N. , Alavandi Shankar V. , Vijayan Kizhakedath K. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractNitrogen species such as ammonia and nitrite are considered as major stressors in modern aquaculture practices. We developed enrichments of ammonia oxidising bacteria (AOB) and nitrite oxidising bacteria (NOB) for effective mitigation of nitrogenous wastes in the shrimp culture operations. The objective of this study was to understand the microbial community composition of AOB and NOB enrichments using the V3-V4 region of the 16S rDNA gene by Illumina MiSeq sequencing. The analysis revealed 2948 and 1069 OTUs at 97% similarity index and Shannon alpha diversity index of 7.64 and 4.85 for AOB and NOB enrichments, respectively. Comparative analysis showed that a total of 887 OTUs were common among AOB and NOB enrichments. The AOB and NOB enrichment were dominated by Eubacteria at 96% and 99.7% respectively. Proteobacterial phylum constituted 31.46% (AOB) and 39.75% (NOB) and dominated by α-Proteobacteria (20%) in AOB and γ-Proteobacteria (16%) in NOB. Among the species in AOB enrichment (2,948) two sequences were assigned to ammonia oxidising bacterial group belonging to Nitrosomonas, and Nitrosococcus genera and two belonged to archaeon group comprising Nitrosopumilus and Candidatus Nitrososphaeraea genera. The NOB enrichment was predominated by Nitrospiraceae and Thermodesulfovibrionaceae. Further, the data revealed the presence of heterotrophic bacteria contributing to the process of nitrification and form microcosm with the AOB and NOB. PICRUSt analysis predicted the presence of 24 different nitrogen cycling genes involved in nitrification, denitrification, ammonia and nitrogen transporter family, nitrate reduction and ammonia assimilation. The study confirms the presence of many lesser known nitrifying bacteria along with well characterised nitrifiers.
Human health risk assessment of elevated and variable iron and manganese intake with arsenic-safe groundwater in Jashore, Bangladesh
Authors: Ghosh Gopal Chandra , Khan Md. Jahed Hassan , Chakraborty Tapos Kumar , Zaman Samina , Kabir A. H. M. Enamul , Tanaka Hiroaki 
Published: March 2020

AbstractGroundwater through hand-operated tubewell (a type of water well) tapping is the main source of drinking water in Bangladesh. This study investigated iron and manganese concentration in groundwater across Jashore district–one of the worst arsenic contaminated area in Bangladesh. One working tubewell that had been tested previously for arsenic and marked safe (green) was selected from each unions of the district. Results revealed that approximately 73% and 87% of groundwater samples exceeded the limits for iron and manganese in Bangladesh drinking water, respectively. Additionally, spatial distribution of iron and manganese indicate that only 5% of the total surface area of groundwater is covered by safe level of iron and manganese. Human health risk due to ingestion of iron and manganese through drinking water was evaluated using hazard quotients (HQ) for adults and children. The result of the health risk assessment revealed that the non-carcinogenic health risks due to ingestion of iron (HQ up to 1.446 for adults and 0.590 for children) and manganese (HQ up to 2.459 for adults and 1.004 for children) contaminated groundwater are much higher among adults than children. On the basis of occurrences, spatial distribution and health risk assessment results, the area can be categorized as a high-risk zone for iron and manganese-related problems and needs special attention in order to protect public health of local residents.
The sialidase inhibitor 2,3-dehydro-2-deoxy-N-acetylneuraminic acid is a glucose-dependent potentiator of insulin secretion
Authors: Minami Akira , Fujita Yuka , Shimba Sumika , Shiratori Mako , Kaneko Yukiko K. , Sawatani Toshiaki , Otsubo Tadamune , Ikeda Kiyoshi , Kanazawa Hiroaki , Mikami Yasuyo , Sekita Risa , Kurebayashi Yuuki , Takahashi Tadanobu , Miyagi Taeko , Ishikawa Tomohisa , Suzuki Takashi 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSialidase cleaves sialic acid residues from a sialoglycoconjugate: oligosaccharides, glycolipids and glycoproteins that contain sialic acid. Histochemical imaging of the mouse pancreas using a benzothiazolylphenol-based sialic acid derivative (BTP3-Neu5Ac), a highly sensitive histochemical imaging probe used to assess sialidase activity, showed that pancreatic islets have intense sialidase activity. The sialidase inhibitor 2,3-dehydro-2-deoxy-N-acetylneuraminic acid (DANA) remarkably enhances glutamate release from hippocampal neurons. Since there are many similar processes between synaptic vesicle exocytosis and secretory granule exocytosis, we investigated the effect of DANA on insulin release from β-cells. Insulin release was induced in INS-1D cells by treatment with 8.3 mM glucose, and the release was enhanced by treatment with DANA. In a mouse intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test, the increase in serum insulin levels was enhanced by intravenous injection with DANA. However, under fasting conditions, insulin release was not enhanced by treatment with DANA. Calcium oscillations induced by 8.3 mM glucose treatment of INS-1D cells were not affected by DANA. Blood insulin levels in sialidase isozyme Neu3-deficient mice were significantly higher than those in WT mice under ad libitum feeding conditions, but the levels were not different under fasting conditions. These results indicate that DANA is a glucose-dependent potentiator of insulin secretion. The sialidase inhibitor may be useful for anti-diabetic treatment with a low risk of hypoglycemia.
Dynamical reorganization of the pluripotency transcription factors Oct4 and Sox2 during early differentiation of embryonic stem cells
Authors: Verneri Paula , Vazquez Echegaray Camila , Oses Camila , Stortz Martin , Guberman Alejandra , Levi Valeria 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPluripotency maintenance requires transcription factors (TFs) that induce genes necessary to preserve the undifferentiated state and repress others involved in differentiation. Recent observations support that the heterogeneous distribution of TFs in the nucleus impacts on gene expression. Thus, it is essential to explore how TFs dynamically organize to fully understand their role in transcription regulation. Here, we examine the distribution of pluripotency TFs Oct4 and Sox2 in the nucleus of embryonic stem (ES) cells and inquire whether their organization changes during early differentiation stages preceding their downregulation. Using ES cells expressing Oct4-YPet or Sox2-YPet, we show that Oct4 and Sox2 partition between nucleoplasm and a few chromatin-dense foci which restructure after inducing differentiation by 2i/LIF withdrawal. Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy showed distinct changes in Oct4 and Sox2 dynamics after differentiation induction. Specifically, we detected an impairment of Oct4-chromatin interactions whereas Sox2 only showed slight variations in its short-lived, and probably more unspecific, interactions with chromatin. Our results reveal that differentiation cues trigger early changes of Oct4 and Sox2 nuclear distributions that also include modifications in TF-chromatin interactions. This dynamical reorganization precedes Oct4 and Sox2 downregulation and may contribute to modulate their function at early differentiation stages.
Deep-learning-based image segmentation integrated with optical microscopy for automatically searching for two-dimensional materials
Authors: Masubuchi Satoru , Watanabe Eisuke , Seo Yuta , Okazaki Shota , Sasagawa Takao , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Machida Tomoki 
Published: March 2020

AbstractDeep-learning algorithms enable precise image recognition based on high-dimensional hierarchical image features. Here, we report the development and implementation of a deep-learning-based image segmentation algorithm in an autonomous robotic system to search for two-dimensional (2D) materials. We trained the neural network based on Mask-RCNN on annotated optical microscope images of 2D materials (graphene, hBN, MoS2, and WTe2). The inference algorithm is run on a 1024 × 1024 px2optical microscope images for 200 ms, enabling the real-time detection of 2D materials. The detection process is robust against changes in the microscopy conditions, such as illumination and color balance, which obviates the parameter-tuning process required for conventional rule-based detection algorithms. Integrating the algorithm with a motorized optical microscope enables the automated searching and cataloging of 2D materials. This development will allow researchers to utilize a large number of 2D materials simply by exfoliating and running the automated searching process. To facilitate research, we make the training codes, dataset, and model weights publicly available.
The future of sleep health: a data-driven revolution in sleep science and medicine
Authors: Perez-Pozuelo Ignacio , Zhai Bing , Palotti Joao , Mall Raghvendra , Aupetit Michaël , Garcia-Gomez Juan M. , Taheri Shahrad , Guan Yu , Fernandez-Luque Luis 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn recent years, there has been a significant expansion in the development and use of multi-modal sensors and technologies to monitor physical activity, sleep and circadian rhythms. These developments make accurate sleep monitoring at scale a possibility for the first time. Vast amounts of multi-sensor data are being generated with potential applications ranging from large-scale epidemiological research linking sleep patterns to disease, to wellness applications, including the sleep coaching of individuals with chronic conditions. However, in order to realise the full potential of these technologies for individuals, medicine and research, several significant challenges must be overcome. There are important outstanding questions regarding performance evaluation, as well as data storage, curation, processing, integration, modelling and interpretation. Here, we leverage expertise across neuroscience, clinical medicine, bioengineering, electrical engineering, epidemiology, computer science, mHealth and human–computer interaction to discuss the digitisation of sleep from a inter-disciplinary perspective. We introduce the state-of-the-art in sleep-monitoring technologies, and discuss the opportunities and challenges from data acquisition to the eventual application of insights in clinical and consumer settings. Further, we explore the strengths and limitations of current and emerging sensing methods with a particular focus on novel data-driven technologies, such as Artificial Intelligence.
Technical and imaging factors influencing performance of deep learning systems for diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Yip Michelle Y. T. , Lim Gilbert , Lim Zhan Wei , Nguyen Quang D. , Chong Crystal C. Y. , Yu Marco , Bellemo Valentina , Xie Yuchen , Lee Xin Qi , Hamzah Haslina , Ho Jinyi , Tan Tien-En , Sabanayagam Charumathi , Grzybowski Andrzej , Tan Gavin S. W. , Hsu Wynne , Lee Mong Li , Wong Tien Yin , Ting Daniel S. W. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractDeep learning (DL) has been shown to be effective in developing diabetic retinopathy (DR) algorithms, possibly tackling financial and manpower challenges hindering implementation of DR screening. However, our systematic review of the literature reveals few studies studied the impact of different factors on these DL algorithms, that are important for clinical deployment in real-world settings. Using 455,491 retinal images, we evaluated two technical and three image-related factors in detection of referable DR. For technical factors, the performances of four DL models (VGGNet, ResNet, DenseNet, Ensemble) and two computational frameworks (Caffe, TensorFlow) were evaluated while for image-related factors, we evaluated image compression levels (reducing image size, 350, 300, 250, 200, 150 KB), number of fields (7-field, 2-field, 1-field) and media clarity (pseudophakic vs phakic). In detection of referable DR, four DL models showed comparable diagnostic performance (AUC 0.936-0.944). To develop the VGGNet model, two computational frameworks had similar AUC (0.936). The DL performance dropped when image size decreased below 250 KB (AUC 0.936, 0.900, p < 0.001). The DL performance performed better when there were increased number of fields (dataset 1: 2-field vs 1-field—AUC 0.936 vs 0.908, p < 0.001; dataset 2: 7-field vs 2-field vs 1-field, AUC 0.949 vs 0.911 vs 0.895). DL performed better in the pseudophakic than phakic eyes (AUC 0.918 vs 0.833, p < 0.001). Various image-related factors play more significant roles than technical factors in determining the diagnostic performance, suggesting the importance of having robust training and testing datasets for DL training and deployment in the real-world settings.
MiR-148a inhibits oral squamous cell carcinoma progression through ERK/MAPK pathway via targeting IGF-IR
Authors: Jia Tingting , Ren Yipeng , Wang Fengze , Zhao Rui , Qiao Bo , Xing Lejun , Ou Long , Guo Bin 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objective: The current study aimed to investigate the functional roles and clinical significance of microRNA-148a (miR-148a) in the progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).
Methods: Relative expression of miR-148a in OSCC cells and tissues were detected using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Chi-square test was performed to estimate the relationship between miR-148a expression and clinical characteristics of OSCC patients. Cell transfection was carried out using Lipofectamine® 2000. Biological behaviors of tumor cells were detected using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and transwell assays. Bioinformatics analysis and luciferase reporter assay were used to identify the target genes of miR-148a. Protein expression was detected through Western blot analysis.
Results: MiR-148a expression was obviously decreased in OSCC tissues and cells, and such down-regulation was closely correlated with lymph node metastasis (P=0.027) and tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage (P=0.001) of OSCC patients. miR-148a overexpression could significantly impair OSCC cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro (P&lt;0.05 for all). Insulin-like growth factor-I receptor (IGF-IR) was a potential target of miR-148a. MiR-148a could inhibit ERK/MAPK signaling pathway through targeting IGF-IR.
Conclusion: MiR-148a plays an anti-tumor role in OSCC and inhibits OSCC progression through suppressing ERK/MAPK pathway via targeting IGF-IR.