bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Behçet’s disease with latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection
Authors: Shen Yan , Ma Haifen , Luo Dan , Cai Jianfei , Zou Jun , Bao Zhijun , Guan Jianlong 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Objective
The aim of this study is to examine the clinical features of patients with Behçet’s disease (BD) in the presence or absence of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI).

Methods
This was a retrospective study of 232 consecutive patients with active BD hospitalized between October 2012 and June 2017. LTBI was diagnosed based on the positive T-SPOT.TB assay, negative clinical, and imaging examinations.

Results
Among the 232 patients, 68 (29.3%) had LTBI. The frequency, number, and scope of oral ulcers in the BD-LTBI group were significantly more serious than in the non-LTBI group (all P < 0.05). Genital ulcers and eye involvement in the LTBI group were significantly higher than in the non-LTBI group (both P < 0.01). No active TB was diagnosed during follow-up (median, 27.9 months; range, 3–58 months). The patients with LTBI had signs of liver damage compared with the non-LTBI group. In the LTBI group, the frequency of alanine transaminase >2.0, the upper limit of normal, was higher in the rifampicin subgroup compared with the non-rifampicin subgroup (P = 0.033).

Conclusion
Patients with BD and LTBI had worse clinical features than those with BD without LTBI. Rifampicin might be associated with the damage to liver in BD patients combined with latent TB.
Prävalenz und Vorhersage von intramuralem Fehlverhalten und Lockerungsmissbräuchen in der Sozialtherapie
Authors: Biedermann Laura , Rettenberger Martin 
Published: November 2020

Zusammenfassung
Die Prognose von intramuralem Fehlverhalten und Lockerungsmissbräuchen ist ein wichtiger Bestandteil der Vollzugsplanung und in der Regel eine Voraussetzung für die Gewährung von Lockerungen und weiteren freiheitsbezogenen Maßnahmen. Derzeit existierende Rückfallprognoseinstrumente wurden bislang kaum dahingehend untersucht, ob sie sich auch für diese Form der Prognose eignen. In der vorliegenden Studie wurden unterschiedliche aktuarische Prognoseinstrumente (Static-99, SVG-5 und OGRS 3) bei 129 Straftätern, die in den Jahren 2013 bis 2018 aus der Sozialtherapeutischen Anstalt in Ludwigshafen entlassen wurden, angewendet und ihre Prognoseleistung geprüft. Zusätzlich wurden zwei anstaltsinterne Checklisten in die Untersuchung mit aufgenommen. Im Ergebnis zeigten sich alle drei aktuarischen Instrumente und darüber hinaus die Anstaltscheckliste zur Fluchtgefahr als valide für die Vorhersage von intramuralem Fehlverhalten, wobei die OGRS 3 (AUC = .77) die besten Werte erzielte. Für die Prognose von Lockerungsmissbräuchen waren die Ergebnisse von OGRS 3 und SVG-5 vielversprechend, wobei auch hier die OGRS 3 (AUC = .77) am besten abschnitt. Gerade bei der Prognose von Lockerungsmissbräuchen zeigten die Ergebnisse jedoch auch Limitationen der zur Verfügung stehenden Analysemethoden auf, die bei der praktischen Anwendung angemessen berücksichtigt werden sollten.
“Quierojuksar en lajulaftenito” – Playfulness and metalinguistic awareness in translingual family interactions
Authors: Johnsen Ragni Vik 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis article explores playfulness and creativity in translingual family interactions. In particular, it focuses on how and to what ends adolescents mobilize multilingual resources in family interactions. It investigates the cases of two multilingual families with adolescent children (13–18 years old). The families have different linguistic backgrounds, but have in common that one of the parents have migrated from a Spanish-speaking Latin-American country to Northern-Norway, and that Spanish represents a linguistic resource and a heritage language in the families. The data consists of self-recorded family interactions (29 recordings, ca. 5 h.) and were collected over the course of one year. By analysing interactions where the adolescents employ Spanish features, the article offers insights into how adolescents negotiate the position of the heritage language Spanish in the family. A close, turn-by-turn analysis demonstrates that the adolescents in a creative and playful manner employ a multitude of linguistic resources to fulfil interactional achievements: Through metalinguistic talk and playful translingual practices, the adolescents challenge and negotiate identities and family roles, exert agencies, and demonstrate metalinguistic awareness and sociolinguistic control.
I, You, We: Community and Redemption in Rosenzweig
Authors: Morgan Michael L. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In the early decades of the twentieth century, the concept of community (Gemeinschaft) was associated with an ideal society or polity; a host of figures conceived of redemption as the creation and development of community. In this paper, I briefly discuss how this ideal was appropriated by Martin Buber and how genuine community came to mean, for him, a society organized in terms of a collection of I-Thou oriented relationships. I then consider how the same ideal might help us to understand the social and historical ideal which Franz Rosenzweig takes to be the redemptive ideal of Judaism and the Jewish people.
Hitting the ‘pause’ button: What does COVID-19 tell us about the future of heritage sounds?
Authors: Spennemann Dirk H. R. , Parker Murray 
Published: November 2020

AbstractHuman existence is accompanied by environmental sounds as by-products of people’s activities and sounds that are intentionally generated to allow human society to function. The resulting soundscapes that surround people’s daily existence are subject to technological, as well as behavioural change. Cultural heritage management has begun to address the question of which sounds and soundscapes should be preserved and maintained as part of humanity’s legacy to future generations. A side-effect of the dramatic social and behavioural change caused by governmental responses to COVID-19 has been a dramatic temporary alteration of urban cultural sound-scapes. In this paper we will consider the nature and extent of these and will explore to what extent the COVID-19-induced reality can be employed to project a future of urban cultural soundscapes if no active heritage intervention were to occur.
Erased or Surviving Despite Challenges? The State of Anthropology in Poland
Authors: Goździak Elżbieta M. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Two years have passed since Jarosław Gowin, the Polish Minister of Science and Education, has signed a new law known as the Constitution for Science (Konstytucja dla nauki) or simply Law 2.0 (Ustawa 2.0). Law 2.0 declared that ethnology and anthropology are no longer independent fields of scientific inquiry, but are part of a new discipline: the study of culture and religion. In this essay, I analyze the effects of this law on ethnology and anthropology in Poland. I look at how the law affected anthropological research, especially its financing, and training, including enrollment of students. I place this discussion withing the broader context of reforms aimed at Polish higher education.
An Exploratory Study on Linguistic Gender Stereotypes and their Effects on Perception
Authors: Lindvall-Östling Mattias , Deutschmann Mats , Steinvall Anders 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis study explores how stereotypical preconceptions about gender and conversational behaviour may affect observers’ perceptions of a speaker’s performance. Using updated matched-guise techniques, we digitally manipulated the same recording of a conversation to alter the voice quality of “Speaker A” to sound “male” or “female.” Respondents’ perceptions of the conversational behaviour of Speaker A in the two guises were then measured with particular focus on floor apportionment, interruptions and signalling interest. We also measured respondents’ explicit stereotypical gender preconceptions of these aspects. Results showed that respondents perceived the male guise as having more floor apportionment and interrupting more than the female guise. Results also indicated that the respondents had explicit stereotypes that matched these patterns, i.e. that interrupting and taking space were deemed to be stereotypically male behaviour, while signalling interest was deemed to be a female feature. The study suggests that stereotypical preconceptions about gender and conversational behaviour may skew perceptions of similar linguistic behaviour.
Junia – A Woman Lost in Translation: The Name IOYNIAN in Romans 16:7 and its History of Interpretation
Authors: Hartmann Andrea 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe name of the second person greeted in Romans 16:7 is given as IOYNIAN, a form whose grammatical gender could be either feminine or masculine which leads to the question: Is it Junia or Junias – a woman or a man – who is greeted alongside Andronicus as “outstanding among the apostles?” This article highlights early influential answers to this question in the history of interpretation (John Chrysostom’s commentary, the discipleship list of Pseudo-Epiphanius, Luther’s translation, and Calvin’s interpretation) showing that societal perceptions of women’s roles were a factor in how they interpreted IOYNIAN. The article then summarises the last 150 years of interpretation history which saw (a) the disappearance of Junia from the text and from scholarly discussion due to the impact of the short-from hypothesis in the nineteenth century, (b) the challenge to this male interpretation in connection with second wave feminism, and (c) the restoration of the female reading in the ensuing debate. Bringing together the main lines of the argument, it will be shown that there is only one reading supported by the evidence, the female reading which throughout the centuries was the more difficult reading in light of the church’s and society’s perception of women’s participation.
CH4 dissociation on the Pd/Cu(111) surface alloy: A DFT study
Authors: Akça Aykan 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe periodic four-layered model of the pure Cu(111) surface has been considered, and the effect of doping with palladium on CH4dissociation has been investigated. The most stable adsorption geometries of CHxspecies (x= 1–4) and H atom on the PdCu(111) and pure Cu(111) surfaces have been obtained. Their computed adsorption energy results on the pure Cu(111) surface have been compared with the previously reported studies. Then, transition state geometries of CH4dehydrogenation steps on both surfaces were calculated by the climbing image nudged elastic band method. Finally, the relative energy diagram for CH4complete dehydrogenation has been represented. The results show that the PdCu(111) surface is more favorable than the Cu(111) surface in terms of the activation energies. The addition of Pd atoms to the Cu(111) surface significantly improves the catalytic activity. This knowledge can enable an efficient catalyst design at a lower cost using different strategies.
A short history of multiferroics
Authors: Lottermoser Thomas , Meier Dennis 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The realization that materials with coexisting magnetic and ferroelectric order open up efficient ways to control magnetism by electric fields unites scientists from different communities in the effort to explore the phenomenon of multiferroics. Following a tremendous development, the field has now gained some maturity. In this article, we give a succinct review of the history of this exciting class of materials and its evolution from “ferroelectromagnets” to “multiferroics” and beyond.
Surface modification methods of ceramic filler in ceramic-carbon fibre composites for bioengineering applications – A systematic review
Authors: Nakonieczny Damian S. , Antonowicz Magdalena , Paszenda Zbigniew 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The present review paper focuses on the current state of the art of the alumina-silicate ceramics and surface modifications of ceramics dedicated as fillers in composites with carbon fiber. The use of aluminum-silicates in the form of a cenosphere due to their outstanding properties, i.e., low density, high hardness, and total chemical inertness seem to be promising in biomaterial engineering applications. First of all, the possibilities of the composites application in orthopedic and prosthetic implantology. The following section discusses problems with the use of aluminum silicate ceramics and their processing. Subsequently, in the paragraphs to follow, the possibilities of modifying the surface with chemical methods are discussed, among others oxidation, chemical methods like ionic liquids etching, silanization, and physical processes i.e., thermal treatment. In the summary, the directions of development of ceramic-carbon fiber composites and the primary deficiencies of these composites on which to focus on and solve are discussed.
Stabilisation Treatments for Paper with Green Copper Pigment Verdigris
Authors: Malešič Jasna , Kolar Jana , Denac Mitja , Kolar Bačnik Bor 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The focus of this research is the stabilisation of paper with Verdigris, a green copper pigment. Due to its corrosive effects on paper, many important documents, paintings and maps are in danger. The efficiency of several commercially available deacidification agents on paper samples with Verdigris was tested, including magnesium-based Bookkeeper® dispersion, nano calcium hydroxide containing Nanorestore® and CaLoSiL® dispersions as well as a recently developed dispersion of nano calcium carbonate. The antioxidant tetrabutylammonium bromide was tested either alone or in combination with nano calcium based deacidification agents. The effect of the treatments was evaluated using colour, tensile strength, degree of polymerization and pH measurements. The results indicate that acidic degradation does not play a major role during accelerated degradation of paper containing Verdigris with moderately acidic pH value and that oxidative decay could be the main culprit of the decay. The method described, which involves the use of antioxidant tetrabutylammonium bromide in combination with calcium carbonate based deacidification dispersion, was proved to have a superior effect against degradation of paper with Verdigris in comparison to the treatments which involve deacidification agents only. Nano calcium hydroxide based deacidification agents result in high pH values of the paper samples and therefore cannot be advised for use on paper documents.
Tracing the Alteration of Verdigris Pigment through Combined Raman Spectroscopy and X-ray Diffraction, Part II: Natural Ageing
Authors: Brostoff Lynn B. , Connelly Ryan Cynthia , Black Isabella 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This study explores the natural alteration of verdigris, both in the form of neutral verdigris (Cu(II) (CH3COO)2⋅H2O) and basic verdigris (Cu(II)
x
(CH3COO)
y
(OH)
z
⋅nH2O), through combined Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction investigation of samples created seven to eleven years prior to analysis. The naturally aged paint films of neutral or basic verdigris in gum arabic on paper and parchment provide insight into the pigment’s well-known instability relevant to historical works in aqueous media on maps, prints, books and manuscript materials. The latter historical application is an area that has received far less attention than alteration of verdigris in oil-based paint films. Findings shed new light on alternate pathways for conversion of neutral verdigris to basic verdigris, including the formation of a previously unknown form of verdigris and amorphous material on alkaline paper substrates. Additionally, we demonstrate for the first time that copper hydroxyl chlorides can form in situ from neutral verdigris, in this case on parchment that has a chlorine-rich surface. These results advance our understanding of neutral verdigris alteration, and complement results from our prior artificial ageing study. Both studies point to neutral verdigris as the historically more important form throughout its heyday. Improved understanding of neutral verdigris instability and its alteration pathways are critical for confident identification of the pigment in historical works, leading to better risk assessment of collections of verdigris-containing heritage, such as maps.
The Number Ten Reconsidered: Did the Pythagoreans Have an Account of the Dekad?
Authors: Deretić Irina , Knežević Višnja 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
We critically reconsider an old hypothesis of the role of the dekad in Pythagorean philosophy. Unlike Zhmud, we claim that: 1) the dekad did play a role in Philolaus’ astronomical system, and 2) Aristotle did not project Plato’s theory of the ten eidetic numbers onto the Pythagoreans. We claim that the dekad, as the τέλειος ἀριθμός, should be understood in Philolaus’ philosophy as completeness and the basis of counting in Greek – as in most other languages – in a decimal system. Additionally, we argue that the number ten is not even a candidate for the τέλειος ἀριθμός in Plato’s philosophy. As a final result of our discussion, we compare and contrast Philolaus’, Plato’s, and Speusippus’ accounts of completeness in relation to numbers.
Harm as Negative Prudential Value: A Non-Comparative Account of Harm
Authors: de Villiers-Botha Tanya 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn recent attempts to define “harm,” comparative accounts of harm, specifically counterfactual comparative accounts, have been touted as the most promising approaches to defining the concept. Nevertheless, such accounts face serious difficulties. This has led to the call for the concept to simply be dropped from the moral lexicon altogether. I reject this call, arguing thatnon-comparativeapproaches to defining harm have not been sufficiently explored. I develop such an account and claim that it avoids the difficulties faced by comparative accounts while not presupposing a substantive theory of well-being, which is taken as a key failing of non-comparative accounts. I conclude that this definition renders a concept of harm thatcanbe meaningfully employed in our moral discourse.
Against Ethical Exceptionalism – Through Critical Reflection on the History of Use of the Terms ‘Ethics’ and ‘Morals’ in Philosophy
Authors: Fink Hans 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In this paper, I aim to support contextual ethics as a broad and open understanding of ethics and the ethical by commenting on the origin of the words ‘ethics’ and ‘ethical’ in Greek philosophy and on the ambiguities built into them from the beginning. I further list some complexities that arose when the Latinate words ‘morals’ and ‘moral’ began to be used in Roman, medieval and modern philosophy, sometimes as synonyms of and sometimes in contrast to ‘ethics’ and ‘ethical’. Finally, I return to discuss the prospects of contextual ethics in the context of developments in moral philosophy in the twentieth century, adding some pragmatist arguments in its favour.
The symbolic usage of stone beyond its function as a construction material: Example of residential architecture in Iraqi Kurdistan
Authors: Shareef Sardar S. , Sani Rafooneh M. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This study examines the symbolic use of stone beyond its basic function as a construction material in architecture. It investigates the meaning of stone using Iraqi Kurdistan residential architecture as a case study. The theoretical framework of the study is developed through the content analysis method, by applying Hershberger’s basic model of meaning, and by exploring Krampen’s writings on semiotics in architecture. The relevant theoretical framework was tested through systematic physical observation of selected houses in Iraqi Kurdistan and by using the inductive reasoning method. The study recognises that stone, beyond being a construction material, conveys the symbolic meaning of “power,” “wealth,” and “belonging” in contemporary houses of Iraqi Kurdistan. Based on that, a meaningful situation model was created to evaluate the phenomenon. The model can also be useful in analysing similar cases and research situations.
RoboDoc: Semiotic resources for achieving face-to-screenface formation with a telepresence robot
Authors: Due Brian L. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Face-to-face interaction is a primordial site for human activity and intersubjectivity. Empirical studies have shown how people reflexively exhibit a face orientation and work to establish a formation in which everyone is facing each other in local participation frameworks. The Face has also been described by, e.g., Levinas as the basis for a first ethical philosophy. Humans have established these Face-formations when interacting since time immemorial, but what happens when one of the participants is present through a telepresence robot? Based on ethnomethodology, Peircean/Goodwinian semiotics, multimodal conversation analysis and video data from a Danish residential rehabilitation center, the article shows the ways in which participants manage to interactively, cooperatively, and moment by moment achieve an F-formation in situ. The article contributes a detailed analysis and discussion of the kind of participant a telepresence robot is, in and through situated interactions: I propose that we term this participant the RoboDoc, given that it is an assemblage of a doctor who controls a robot. By focusing on the affordances of mobility, the article contributes to a renewed understanding of the importance and relevance of establishing Face-orientations in an increasingly technofied telepresence world.
How actions and words come to make sense in a continuously changing world of work: A case study from software development
Authors: Roth Wolff-Michael , Socha David , Tenenberg Josh 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
To be successful, collaboration at work requires its participants to have a common sense about what is happening and where things are heading. But how can collaborators have such a sense in common if what is going on continuously changes? This study investigates the joint communicative work participants in collaborative activity do to remain aligned on how things are going and where things are at for the purpose of maintaining a ground in common. Our test case for illustrating this joint work is the fluid and constantly changing world of software development. Our study uses a transactional approach to show how software developers working together continuously make available what they are attuned to, which constitutes their common ground that allows actions and talk to make sense. The common ground enables a common, inherently shared sense of what is happening and how things are going. Rather than having “meaning” in themselves, signifiers (words, gestures, body movements, cursor movements) create and are part of the common ground against which they make sense. Signifiers are motivated by and produce an accented visible that is available to all group members; and this accented visible (including the signs) makes for the common ground.