bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH KOMPRES AIR HANGAT DAN AIR DINGIN TERHADAP NYERI TULANG BELAKANG IBU HAMIL TRIMESTER III DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS RAJAPOLAH TAHUN 2018
Authors: Yuspina Aulia , Mulyani Nunung , Silalahi Uly Artha 
Published: November 2020

Penatalaksanaannyeripadapunggung saat kehamilan bervariatif seperti penatalaksanaan farmakologimaupunnon farmakologis, Efek fisiologis kompres hangat dapat meredakan nyeri dengan merileksasi otot, memiliki efek sedatif dan meredakan nyeri dan kompres dingin dapat membuat area menjadi mati rasa, memperlambat kecepatan hantaran syaraf sehingga memperlambat aliran impuls nyeri. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk membandingkan tingkat nyeri punggung ibu hamil trimester 3 setelah dilakukan kompres air hangat dan air dingin.
Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah quasi eksperimen tipe non-equivalent control group design. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah ibu hamil trimester 3 yang memeriksakan kandungannya di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Rajapolah dan mengeluh sakit punggung dengan teknik accidental sampling jumlah sampel sebesar 56 orang.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai intensitas nyeri punggung pada perlakukan kompres hangat sebesar 1.61 sementara intensitas nyeri punggung pada perlakukan kompres dingin sebesar 0.57. Maka dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa kompres dingin lebih baik dibandingkan dengan kompres hangat karena nilai rata-rata turunnya rasa sakit pada punggung sebesar 0.57.
Kesimpulannya yaitu ada perbedaan tingkat nyeri sebelum dan setelah dilakukan kompres air hangat dan dingin di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Rajapolah, dan kompres dingin lebih baik dalam penurunan nyerinya dibandingkan dengan kompres hangat.
Sarannya agar kompres dingin ini dapat diterapkan dan diajarkan kepada ibu hamil sehingga dapat membantu ibu dalam mengatasi nyeri punggungnya
Reflections on German and Polish Historical Policies of Holocaust Memory
Authors: Hudzik Jan P. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The aim of these reflections is to confront the German and Polish historical policies concerning the Holocaust. The author outlines their different historical backgrounds, and takes note of the most heated debate of recent times on this subject that revolved around the amendment to the Act on the Institute of National Remembrance (IPN) from January 2018. He ends with a case study analysis of the ways in which historians behave in the public sphere: the case of the researchers belonging to the so-called New Polish School of the Holocaust. Historical or memory policy is understood as the image of a society or a country as a whole, a certain hypostasis created by public discourses of political actors, intellectuals, and media people. This image plays an important role in international relations. Taking the perspective of critical theory, in particular an analysis of the status of knowledge/truth and its political role the author also explores media releases made by professional historians as well as political statements and actions directly pertinent to historical policy.
Not the Same Old Chestnut
Authors: Brister Evelyn , Newhouse Andrew E. ,   Center for Environmental Philosophy, The University of North Texas
Published: November 2020

We argue that the wild release of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) can be justified as a way of preserving species and ecosystems. We look at the case of a genetically modified American chestnut (Castanea dentata) that is currently undergoing regulatory review. Because American chestnuts are functionally extinct, a genetically modified replacement has significant conservation value. In addition, many of the arguments used against GMOs, especially GMO crops, do not hold for American chestnut trees. Finally, we show how GMOs such as the American chestnut support a reorientation of conservation values away from restoration as it has historically been interpreted, and toward an alternative framework known as rewilding.
Identification of hub genes associated with the pathogenesis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma subtype one characterized by host response via integrated bioinformatic analyses
Authors: Zhou Lingna , Ding Liya , Gong Yuqi , Zhao Jing , Xin Gong , Zhou Ren , Zhang Wei 
Published: November 2020

Background
Host response diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (HR DLBCL) shares features of histologically defined T-cell/histiocyte-rich B-cell lymphoma, including fewer genetic abnormalities, frequent splenic and bone marrow involvement, and younger age at presentation. HR DLBCL is inherently less responsive to the standard treatment for DLBCL. Moreover, the mechanism of infiltration of HR DLBCL with preexisting abundant T-cells and dendritic cells is unknown, and their associated underlying immune responses incompletely defined. Here, hub genes and pathogenesis associated with HR DLBCL were explored to reveal molecular mechanisms and treatment targets.

Methods
Differentially expressed genes were identified in three datasets (GSE25638, GSE44337, GSE56315). The expression profile of the genes in the GSE53786 dataset was used to constructed a co-expression network. Protein-protein interactions analysis in the modules of interest identified candidate hub genes. Then screening of real hub genes was carried out by survival analysis within the GSE53786 and GSE10846 datasets. Expression of hub genes was validated in the Gene expression profiling interactive analysis, Oncomine databases and human tissue specimens. Functional enrichment analysis and Gene set enrichment analysis were utilized to investigate the potential mechanisms. Tumor Immune Estimation Resource and The Cancer Genome Atlas were used to mine the association of the hub gene with tumor immunity, potential upstream regulators were predicted using bioinformatics tools.

Results
A total of 274 common differentially expressed genes were identified. Within the key module, we identified CXCL10 as a real hub gene. The validation of upregulated expression level of CXCL10 was consistent with our study. CXCL10 might have a regulatory effect on tumor immunity. The predicted miRNA (hsa-mir-6849-3p) and transcription factor (IRF9) might regulate gene expression in the hub module.
Self-organization Simulation Applied to Migration across a Peaceful Border
Authors: Oldham William J. B. 
Published: November 2020

Self-organization using simple dynamic laws has been applied to migration across a common border between two entities, states or countries. The motion of the migrants and their final positions are presented. In the system there were two sets of objects. One set is on a side of the boundary. One side, the right side, is considered to be the better entity. That is it has a good government and the economy is strong. On the left side the entity is decidedly different with respect to the governance and the economy. Each side's objects are further divided into two groups. The two groups are referred to as strong and weak. The strong represent the governance, rich or elite and weak refers to the general population. Initially the objects are randomly distributed in this two dimensional square bounded region, and then allowed to dynamically interact for a number of iterations. The forces among all of the particles as groups can be defined to be attractive or repulsive and can be adjusted to study the resulting configuration from the dynamics. Four experiments were conducted to see how self-organization applies for these scenarios. In Experiment 1 the migration takes place with only the object-to-object forces active. In Experiment 2 the concept of employment was introduced. An unemployed object was allowed to move faster than an employed object thus giving the unemployed greater mobility. The employment rate on right side is considerably higher than on the left side. Experiment 3 explores changing one of the forces from repelling to attract. Experiment 3 is the same as Experiment 2 except for this and it went for twice as many iterations. Experiment 4 created employment centers on the right side. These centers provided jobs to left side migrants that came close enough to a center. If the left side object got a center job then that migrant did not move for the remainder of the simulation. In Experiments 1 and 2 there was no incentive for a migrant to remain so the migrant traveled back and forth across the border. In Experiment 4 it was assumed that the job provided incentive for the migrant to remain at a fixed location. Thus clusters of migrants formed around the job centers.
Application of Adomian Decomposition Method to Solving Higher Order Singular Value Problems for Ordinary Differential Equations
Authors: Hasan Yahya Qaid , Alaqel Somaia Ali 
Published: November 2020

This paper is an attempt to solve singular value problems for higher order ordinary differential equation by using new modification of Adomian Decomposition Method (ADM). Convergent series solution of considered problem have been obtained. Three numerical examples are discussed to validate the strength and ease of the method used.
Self-Sufficiency of Rice Consumption and Farm Entrepreneurship of Operating Farmers in Rural Areas of West Bengal, India: An Empirical Interpretation from Socio-Personal, Agro-Economic, Socio-Psychological and Communicative Variables
Authors: Roy Debraj , Ghoshal Swagata , Acharya S. K. , Ghosh Arindam , Mazumder Debashis , Biswas Amitava 
Published: November 2020

Aims: The major objectives of the study are to elucidate the distributive characters of operating farms in the selected locale of the study, to delineate a micro level policy so that the constraints of the operating farms can be analyzed and intervention programmes can be operationally described, to estimate and analyze the nature and direction of interaction among the independent and dependent variables.
Study Design: The locale was selected by purposive as well as simple random sampling techniques and the respondents following rice cultivation had been interacted and were selected by the simple random sampling method.
Place of Study: Village Rasulpur of Memari-1 block of Purba Bardhaman district in West Bengal was purposively selected for the study.
Methodology: In this study 50 respondents following rice cultivation have been interacted and are selected by the simple random sampling method. A preliminary interview schedule has been administered to understand the knowledge, perception and attitude of the people towards climate changes concept, communication and extension system, farm enterprises, challenges faced during rice production. The collected data had been put into multivariate analysis. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences V20.0 (SPSS) of IBM was used for correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis, step-down regression analysis, path analysis and factor analysis.
Results: Independent variables economic land (x7), group interaction (x11), innovation proneness (x13) and market orientation (x14) have been found to exert strong and determining contribution to estimate dependent variable self-consumption of rice production (y) and the set of economic and ecological variables as selected for the study.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that the dynamics of self-sufficiency of food grains and entrepreneurship, here in case of rice enterprises, are dominantly relying on the entrepreneurs’ behavioural characters, the group interaction they are experiencing, the economic land they are possessing, the electricity consumption level, and the fuel use efficiency, innovation proneness and market interaction.
A Review of Radiographic Findings in Sars-Cov-2 Patients
Authors: Santana Denise Freitas , Melo Kárita Amanda Ribeiro de , Neto Agrinazio Geraldo Nascimento , Silva Wellington Carlos da , Santos Fábio Alves dos , Barros Amanda Aguiar , Silva Maisa Adriele Nalves da , Oliveira Lívia Gomes de , Carvalho Leidimar da Silva , Batista Taynara Dantas , Santos Larissa Lima dos , Nery Bianca de Andrade , Reis Murilo de Sousa , Borges Yan de Lima 
Published: November 2020

Introduction: At the end of 2019, more specifically in December, the outbreak of the new coronavirus - Sars-Cov-2, which caused pneumonia, emerged in Wuhan, and soon spread throughout China, where researchers began to suspect a possible pandemic. , being a disease that causes a deficiency of structures of the respiratory system, leading to alterations in breathing functions, with respiratory muscle deficiencies and exercise tolerance. During the pandemic peak still in Wuhan, the main radiographic findings in hospitalized patients revealed bilateral opacity on computed tomography (CT) examination, lobular and subsegmental consolidation areas, ground-glass opacities, consolidation with rounded morphology, and peripheral pulmonary distribution.
Aims: Analyze through the available literature review the main radiological alterations caused by Sars-Cov-2.
Methodology: This is an integrative literature review using PubMed, Scielo, Google Scholar, Microsoft Academic databases. Inclusion criteria were complete and original articles in English and Portuguese. Duplicates and other literature reviews were excluded.
Results: Radiographic findings are different in the early and advanced phases of the disease, but characteristic signs such as the matte glass pattern were found in both phases.
Conclusion: The radiographic findings of patients diagnosed with COVID-19 are not the main criteria for clinical diagnosis, but knowledge of characteristic symptoms is fundamental. Therefore, the multidisciplinary team must discuss the radiological findings most common to the virus, this will directly aid early diagnosis, in addition to reducing the high mortality rates globally.
An overview of the report of the national commission on sleep disorders research
Authors: Roth T 
Published: July 2002

SummaryThe National Comission on Sleep Disorder Research evaluated the status of insomnia and other sleep disorders in the US. The Commission found that insomnia is prevalent affecting 20–30 million Americans, has significant morbidity especially related to attention and memory processes and cost the US an estimated $ 15 billion a year. It also estimated that all of these figures should rise significantly by the year 2000. Other sleep disorders (eg, narcolepsy and sleep apnea) although less prevalent have significant costs to patients and society associated with them. The Commission recommended that the US develop a research and education program to develop new insights into the basic mechanisms of sleep disorder. The education program needs to be directed to the general public; medical practitioners, as well as patients.
Beta‐human chorionic gonadotropin and prolactin assays in cervicovaginal secretions as a predictor of preterm delivery
Authors: Guvenal T , Kantas E , Erselcan T , Culhaoglu Y , Cetin A 
Published: July 2002

AbstractObjective: To evaluate and to compare the predictive value of cervicovaginal beta‐hCG and prolactin levels in spontaneous preterm delivery. Methods: The preterm labor group and normal pregnancy group consisted of 17 and 43 patients between 24 and 36 weeks’ gestation, respectively. A single cervicovaginal beta‐hCG and prolactin measurement were made in both groups. Results: Cervicovaginal beta‐hCG and prolactin levels were significantly higher in the preterm group when compared with those of the term delivery group (P=0.031, P=0.026, respectively). The optimal cut‐off value for beta‐hCG (27.1 mIU/ml) gave a sensitivity level of 87.5% (47.4–97.9; 95% C.I.) at a specificity of 65.4% (50.9–78.0; 95% C.I.) with positive and negative predictive values of 28% and 97%, respectively. The optimal cut‐off value for prolactin (1.8 ng/ml) gave a sensitivity level of 50% (16.0–84.0; 95% C.I.) at a specificity of 96% (86.8–99.4; 95% C.I.) with positive and negative predictive values of 67% and 93%, respectively. Conclusions: Cervicovaginal beta‐hCG measurement in patients with preterm labor may be used as a predictive test. Cervicovaginal prolactin is not a sensitive test compared with the beta‐hCG test.
Ultrasound guided embryo transfer significantly improves pregnancy rates in women undergoing oocyte donation
Authors: Lindheim S.R , Cohen M.A , Sauer M.V 
Published: July 2002

AbstractObjectives: Recent reports suggest ultrasound (US) guided embryo transfer (ET) improves pregnancy rates. Using the ovum donation model to eliminate confounding variables, we assessed the impact of US guided ET on pregnancy rates, implantation rates, and multiple gestation rates. Methods: All women who underwent IVF‐ET cycles using donated oocytes from November 1997 to September 1998 (n=137) were evaluated retrospectively. ET from November 1997 to April 1998 were performed without US, while all ET from May 1998 to September 1998 were performed using transvaginal or transabdominal US. ET was further categorized as easy or difficult. Difficult ET was defined as requiring at least two attempts and/or the presence of blood on the catheter and/or >5 min. Results: Pregnant patients (n=73) were similar with respect to the number and morphology of the embryos transferred compared to non‐pregnant patients (n=65). US guidance significantly improved implantation and pregnancy rates in cycles with easy transfers [28.8 vs. 18.4% and 63.1 vs. 36.1%, respectively (P<0.05)] without impacting multiple pregnancy rates. Conclusion: US guided ET is simple and reassuring and appears to significantly improve pregnancy outcomes in ovum donation cycles by optimizing the placement of embryos.
Developmental expression of the NGF receptor p140trk in the septohippocampal system of the rat:a quantitative analysis
Authors: Cirulli Francesca , Shooter Eric M. , Levine Seymour 
Published: July 2002

AbstractAn RNAse protection assay was used to identify p140trk mRNA in the developing rat septohippocampal system. In both the septum and hippocampus, levels of p140trk mRNA were low at birth and increased thereafter. Levels of transcripts were found to be much higher in the septum than in the hippocampus, whereas another brain region, the hypothalamus, showed levels of expression intermediate between these two structures. Only one isoform of the p140trk receptor was found to be expressed in the rat central nervous system (CNS) during development. This isoform corresponds to the one preferentially expressed in neural tissues in the adult animal. These data show that expression of the high affinity nerve growth factor (NGF) receptor is developmentally regulated during postnatal brain development and suggest that it might mediate NGF effects on developing central cholinergic systems.
Biosynthesis of progesterone derived neurosteroids by developing avian CNS : in vitro effects on the gabaa receptor complex
Authors: Pignataro Leonardo , Lerner Alejandro A.Colman , Barañao J.Lino , De Plazas Sara Fiszer 
Published: July 2002

AbstractIt has been demonstrated in different vertebrate species that the GABAA receptor complex is modulated by certain steroids. Theses results prompted work on the synthesis of these neurosteroids in the Central Nervous System. However, there are scarcely any studies analyzing their production or their modulatory effects on this receptor during development. In this work, the biosynthesis of [14C]progesterone metabolites as well as the characterization of their in vitro effects on the GABAA receptor complex in developing chick optic lobe were investigated. Studies on progesterone metabolism indicated that this steroid was converted to 5β‐pregnanedione, 5β‐pregan‐3β‐ol‐20‐one, and a 20‐hydroxy derivative. Radioactive progesterone was completely metabolized at early embryonic stages, and a great proportion of 5β‐pregnanedione was converted to 5β‐pregnan‐3β‐ol‐20‐one. Thus, it seems that some of the steroidogenic activities present in chick optic lobe are age‐dependent, though greater at embryonic stages. Results from in vitro modulation of [3H]flunitrazepam binding by 5β‐pregnan‐3β‐ol‐20‐one indicated that this steroid produces a one‐component‐concentration dependent enhancement above control binding. 5β‐pregnan‐3β‐ol‐20‐one EC50 values were 0.195±0.049, 0.101±0.017, 0.147±0.009, and 0.569±0.114 μM, and Emax were 22.37±1.57, 23.67±4.02, 29.01±1.08, and 15.11±2.67% at embryonic days 11, 14, hatching, and postnatal day 21, respectively.In conclusion, the biosynthesis of 5β‐pregnan‐3β‐ol‐20‐one from progesterone in developing chick optic lobe, together with its ability to modulate the GABAA receptor present in such tissues, suggests a physiological role of this neurosteroid in developing avian Central Nervous System.
Effects of neonatal cholinergic basal forebrainlesions on excitatory amino acid receptors in neocortex
Authors: Hohmann Christine F. , Wallace Sarah A. , Johnston Michael V. , Blue Mary E. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractThe role of cholinergic basal forebrain projections in the modulation of corticalplasticity and associated functional changes is currently the subject of renewed attention.Excitatory amino acid receptors have been identified as mediators of cortical topographic efferentand afferent information. In addition some of these receptors, notably the NMDA andmetabotropic [mGluR] type, participate in cortical plasticity. Growing evidence suggests thatinteractions between cholinergic and glutamatergic systems contribute to cognitive corticalfunctions and their anatomical and physiological substrates. Though cholinergic and glutamatergicmechanisms have both been shown to be involved in cortical morphogenesis, few studies haveattempted to study their interactions in development. The present study investigates the effect ofneonatal lesions to the cholinergic basal forebrain on NMDA, AMPA and mGluR receptors inBALB/CByJ mice, at two different developmental ages. We demonstrated previously that nBMlesions at birth result in transient cholinergic depletion for the first two postnatal weeks,substantial morphogenetic alterations in neocortex and cognitive deficits by adulthood. We showhere that unilateral neonatal lesions result in decreases in NMDA and AMPA receptors butincreases in mGluRs during the second postnatal week (PND 14). At 30 days postnatal, lesionmediated changes were attenuated, compared with PND 14, but significant sex differences incontrol and nBM lesioned mice were apparent. These data support the notion thatcholinergic/glutamatergic interactions are important during early cortical morphogenesis.Moreover, our results highlight the fact that cholinergic as well glutamatergic developmentalmechanisms are sexually dimorphic.
Association between severity of schizophrenic symptoms and urinary retention
Authors: Shiloh R. , Weizman A. , Dorfman-Etrog P. , Weizer N. , Munitz H. 
Published: July 2002

SummaryA case is presented in which severe urinary retention (UR) occurred during an acute psychotic exacerbation of paranoid schizophrenia. The voiding dysfunction was apparent during continuous treatment with unchanged doses of haloperidol, and it completely resolved with the remission of the psychotic symptoms. A clear temporal correlation was evident between the patient’s mental status, the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) score and the degree of the UR as assessed by quantitatively measuring the total daily postvoiding urine residues. We could not relate the UR to any apparent general medical condition or to the haloperidol treatment. The presented data suggests that UR in schizophrenic patients might be the end-result of various psychosis-related mechanisms.