bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A metaheuristic optimization approach for energy efficiency in the IoT networks
Authors: Iwendi Celestine , Maddikunta Praveen Kumar Reddy , Gadekallu Thippa Reddy , Lakshmanna Kuruva , Bashir Ali Kashif , Piran Md. Jalil 
Published: February 2020

SummaryRecently Internet of Things (IoT) is being used in several fields like smart city, agriculture, weather forecasting, smart grids, waste management, etc. Even though IoT has huge potential in several applications, there are some areas for improvement. In the current work, we have concentrated on minimizing the energy consumption of sensors in the IoT network that will lead to an increase in the network lifetime. In this work, to optimize the energy consumption, most appropriate Cluster Head (CH) is chosen in the IoT network. The proposed work makes use of a hybrid metaheuristic algorithm, namely, Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) with Simulated Annealing (SA). To select the optimal CH in the clusters of IoT network, several performance metrics such as the number of alive nodes, load, temperature, residual energy, cost function have been used. The proposed approach is then compared with several state‐of‐the‐art optimization algorithms like Artificial Bee Colony algorithm, Genetic Algorithm, Adaptive Gravitational Search algorithm, WOA. The results prove the superiority of the proposed hybrid approach over existing approaches.
A real‐time attack defense framework for 5G network slicing
Authors: Bonfim Michel , Santos Marcelo , Dias Kelvin , Fernandes Stênio 
Published: February 2020

SummaryNetwork Slicing (NS) is a key enabler to support 5G network services on‐demand. However, since NS is a result of the recent advancement in Software‐Defined Networking and Network Function Virtualization, it introduces new security issues which include attacks against an NS instance within an operator network and interslice security threats. In this scenario, identifying and mitigating attacks in real‐time is of paramount importance to improve security aspects. However, it is far from being straightforward. Therefore, this work proposes the FrameRTP4, a P4‐based framework that aims to deliver real‐time attack detection and mitigation mechanisms in 5G NS scenarios. For this, it provides a P4‐based switch that implements an Service Function Chaining protocol layer, an efficient and scalable Access Control List for the detection and mitigation of known attacks, and a monitoring system aiming to reduce the overhead induced on the control channel. Furthermore, it delivers an orchestrator that aims to control all switches in order to enable lifecycle management of NS instances and P4 table rules. Besides, it also performs some autonomous tasks such as the wildcard rules generation and the detection of new threats by using machine learning algorithms. Preliminary results point to the potential benefits of FrameRTP4 to be part of a 5G NS infrastructure.
Smolt Transportation Influences Straying of Wild and Hatchery Snake River Steelhead into the John Day River
Authors: Tattam Ian A. , Ruzycki James R. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBarge transportation of steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss smolts through the Snake and Columbia rivers can increase the probability of straying by returning adults at the individual scale. However, the effect of barge transportation on a major population group has not been evaluated. We estimated the proportion of hatchery‐origin steelhead spawners present in the John Day River from 2004 to 2018 via observation of adults on spawning ground surveys and in traps. Despite no hatchery releases within the John Day River, up to 42% of the observed spawners in nature were of hatchery origin. The proportion of hatchery‐origin spawners in the John Day River was best explained by the number of smolts that were barge transported from the Snake River 2–3 years prior to spawning and natural‐origin spawner abundance. At an individual scale, barged hatchery steelhead from the Snake River, when compared with hatchery and wild steelhead that were allowed to migrate in‐river as smolts, were 73 times more likely to be detected in the John Day River during their adult return migration. Barged hatchery and barged wild steelhead exhibited no difference in the probability of adult detection in the John Day River. Our study demonstrates how a salmonid recovery effort in one portion of the Columbia River basin had an unintended and potentially adverse impact on non‐target populations. To minimize stray spawners (both hatchery and wild) in the John Day River, transportation of Snake River steelhead smolts should replicate spawning years 2013–2018 (i.e., the 2010–2016 smolt cohorts), with transportation not beginning until May 1 and with the total number of transported hatchery smolts maintained at a level no greater than 2.3 million annually.
Ratcheting up Rigor in Wildlife Management Decision Making
Authors: Fuller Angela K. , Decker Daniel J. , Schiavone Michael V. , Forstchen Ann B. 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACTThe wildlife management institution has been transforming to ensure relevance and positive conservation outcomes into the future. Continuous improvement of decision making is one aspect of this transformation. Managers and policy makers with responsibility for wildlife decisions have an exceedingly challenging job because the set of objectives they wish to achieve is so complex, multifaceted, and often contentious. Many wildlife management agencies desire decision‐making processes that are transparent, replicable, engage partners, and communicate effectively with the public. Using a decision science approach offers a framework to allow agencies to achieve these objectives so the decision‐making process is consistent with their desires. One can point to many excellent examples of formal decision science applications by state and federal agencies in the United States, but many obstacles hinder systematic approaches to decision making. We describe our observations—based on first‐hand experiences—with decision making in wildlife management, present reasons why making decisions is difficult, identify challenges faced by wildlife managers at various levels of governance, and address measures wildlife managers can employ to help overcome these challenges. We acknowledge that no panacea, simple recipe, or one‐size‐fits‐all prescription exists for wildlife management decision making. Nevertheless, we hope that by a) describing how a systematic decision science framework can help agencies achieve their objectives, while simultaneously benefiting stakeholders, managers, and conservation outcomes, and b) providing specific suggestions for overcoming challenges associated with decision making, we will help agencies in the midst of their challenges to improve decision‐making processes consistent with their objectives. © 2020 The Authors. Wildlife Society Bulletin published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of The Wildlife Society.
Die Basiserhebung der NAKO Gesundheitsstudie: Teilnahme an den Untersuchungsmodulen, Qualitätssicherung und Nutzung von Sekundärdaten
Authors: Schipf Sabine , Schöne Gina , Schmidt Börge , Günther Kathrin , Stübs Gunthard , Greiser Karin H. , Bamberg Fabian , Meinke-Franze Claudia , Becher Heiko , Berger Klaus , Brenner Hermann , Castell Stefanie , Damms-Machado Antje , Fischer Beate , Franzke Claus-Werner , Fricke Julia , Gastell Sylvia , Günther Matthias , Hoffmann Wolfgang , Holleczek Bernd , Jaeschke Lina , Jagodzinski Annika , Jöckel Karl-Heinz , Kaaks Rudolf , Kauczor Hans-Ulrich , Kemmling Yvonne , Kluttig Alexander , Krist Lilian , Kurth Bärbel , Kuß Oliver , Legath Nicole , Leitzmann Michael , Lieb Wolfgang , Linseisen Jakob , Löffler Markus , Michels Karin B. , Mikolajczyk Rafael , Pigeot Iris , Mueller Ulrich , Peters Annette , Rach Stefan , Schikowski Tamara , Schulze Matthias B. , Stallmann Christoph , Stang Andreas , Swart Enno , Waniek Sabine , Wirkner Kerstin , Völzke Henry , Pischon Tobias , Ahrens Wolfgang 
Published: February 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die NAKO Gesundheitsstudie ist ein bundesweites interdisziplinäres Forschungsvorhaben mit dem Ziel, die Ursachen für chronische Krankheiten und deren vorklinische Stadien zu untersuchen. Der Artikel gibt einen Überblick über das Studiendesign, die Methoden, die Teilnahme an den Untersuchungen und ihre Qualitätssicherung zur Halbzeit der Basiserhebung.

Methoden
Für die Basiserhebung wurden mehr als 200.000 Frauen und Männer im Alter von 20–69 Jahren aus Zufallsstichproben der Allgemeinbevölkerung in 18 Studienzentren rekrutiert (2014–2019). Die Basiserhebung beinhaltet Untersuchungen, Befragungen und Biomaterialien für alle Teilnehmerinnen und Teilnehmer (Level 1), ein erweitertes Programm für mindestens 20 % (Level 2) und eine Magnetresonanztomografie (MRT) für 30.000 Teilnehmerinnen und Teilnehmer. Sekundär- und Registerdaten werden über Krankheitsregister, Kranken- und Rentenversicherungen erhoben. Die Auswertung bezieht die Datenbasis zur Halbzeit der Basiserhebung mit 101.839 Teilnehmerinnen und Teilnehmern ein, davon 11.371 mit einer MRT-Untersuchung.

Ergebnisse
Die mittlere Responsequote zur Halbzeit betrug insgesamt 18 %. Die Teilnahme an den Untersuchungen lag überwiegend bei mehr als 95 %. Bei 96 % der MRT-Teilnehmerinnen und Teilnehmer konnten alle 12 MRT-Sequenzen vollständig durchgeführt werden. Der Erschließung und wissenschaftlichen Nutzung ergänzender Sekundär- und Registerdaten stimmten mehr als 90 % der Teilnehmerinnen und Teilnehmer zu.

Diskussion
Die Bereitschaft, möglichst alle Untersuchungsmodule durchzuführen, war trotz des zeitlichen Aufwandes außerordentlich hoch. Dadurch wird die NAKO zu einer zentralen Ressource für die epidemiologische Forschung in Deutschland. Sie wird es ermöglichen, neue Strategien zur Früherkennung, Vorhersage und Primärprävention chronischer Krankheiten zu entwickeln.
Formal analysis of the compact positionreporting algorithm
Authors: Dutle Aaron , Moscato Mariano , Titolo Laura , Muñoz César , Anderson Gregory , Bobot François 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) system allows aircraft to communicate current state information, including position and velocity messages, to other aircraft in their vicinity and to ground stations. The Compact Position Reporting (CPR) algorithm is the ADS-B protocol responsible for the encoding and decoding of aircraft positions. CPR is sensitive to computer arithmetic since it relies on functions that are intrinsically unstable such as floor and modulus. In this paper, a formal verification of the CPR algorithm is presented. In contrast to previous work, the algorithm presented here encompasses the entire range of message types supported by ADS-B. The paper also presents two implementations of the CPR algorithm, one in double-precision floating-point and one in 32-bit unsigned integers, which are both formally verified against the real-number algorithm. The verification proceeds in three steps. For each implementation, a version of CPR, which is simplified and manipulated to reduce numerical instability and leverage features of the datatypes, is proposed. Then, the Prototype Verification System (PVS) is used to formally prove real conformance properties, which assert that the ideal real-number counterpart of the improved algorithm is mathematically equivalent to the standard CPR definition. Finally, the static analyzer Frama-C is used to verify software conformance properties, which say that the software implementation of the improved algorithm is correct with respect to its idealized real-number counterpart. In concert, the two properties guarantee that the implementation meets the original specification. The two implementations will be included in the revised version of the ADS-B standards document as the reference implementation of the CPR algorithm.
[18F]Fluciclatide PET as a biomarker of response to combination therapy of pazopanib and paclitaxel in platinum-resistant/refractory ovarian cancer
Authors: Sharma Rohini , Valls Pablo Oriol , Inglese Marianna , Dubash Suraiya , Chen Michelle , Gabra Hani , Montes Ana , Challapalli Amarnath , Arshad Mubarik , Tharakan George , Chambers Ed , Cole Tom , Lozano-Kuehne Jingky P. , Barwick Tara D. , Aboagye Eric O. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Angiogenesis is a driver of platinum resistance in ovarian cancer. We assessed the effect of combination pazopanib and paclitaxel followed by maintenance pazopanib in patients with platinum-resistant/refractory ovarian cancer. Integrins αvβ3 and αvβ5 are both upregulated in tumor-associated vasculature. [18F]Fluciclatide is a novel PET tracer that has high affinity for integrins αvβ3/5, and was used to assess the anti-angiogenic effect of pazopanib.

Patients and methods
We conducted an open-label, phase Ib study in patients with platinum-resistant/refractory ovarian cancer. Patients received 1 week of single-agent pazopanib (800 mg daily) followed by combination therapy with weekly paclitaxel (80 mg/m2). Following completion of 18 weeks of combination therapy, patients continued with single-agent pazopanib until disease progression. Dynamic [18F]fluciclatide-PET imaging was conducted at baseline and after 1 week of pazopanib. Response (RECIST 1.1), toxicities, and survival outcomes were recorded. Circulating markers of angiogenesis were assessed with therapy.

Results
Fourteen patients were included in the intention-to-treat analysis. Complete and partial responses were seen in seven patients (54%). Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 10.63 months, and overall survival (OS) was 18.5 months. Baseline [18F]fluciclatide uptake was predictive of long PFS. Elevated baseline circulating angiopoietin and fibroblast growth factor (FGF) were predictive of greater reduction in SUV60,mean following pazopanib. Kinetic modeling of PET data indicated a reduction in K1 and Ki following pazopanib indicating reduced radioligand delivery and retention.

Conclusions
Combination therapy followed by maintenance pazopanib is effective and tolerable in platinum-resistant/refractory ovarian cancer. [18F]Fluciclatide-PET uptake parameters predict clinical outcome with pazopanib therapy indicating an anti-angiogenic response.
The efficiency of 18F-FDG PET-CT for predicting the major pathologic response to the neoadjuvant PD-1 blockade in resectable non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Tao Xiuli , Li Ning , Wu Ning , He Jie , Ying Jianming , Gao Shugeng , Wang Shuhang , Wang Jie , Wang Zhijie , Ling Yun , Tang Wei , Zhang Zewei 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Investigate whether 18F-FDG PET-CT has the potential to predict the major pathologic response (MPR) to neoadjuvant sintilimab in resectable NSCLC patients, and the potential of sifting patients who probably benefit from immunotherapy.

Methods
Treatment-naive patients with resectable NSCLC (stage IA–IIIB) received two cycles of sintilimab (200 mg, intravenously, day 1 and 22). Surgery was performed between day 29 and 43. PET-CT was obtained at baseline and prior to surgery. The following lean body mass–corrected metabolic parameters were calculated by PET VCAR: SULmax, SULpeak, MTV, TLG, ΔSULmax%, ΔSULpeak%, ΔMTV%, ΔTLG%. PET responses were classified using PERCIST. The above metabolic information on FDG-PET was correlated with the surgical pathology. (Registration Number: ChiCTR-OIC-17013726).

Results
Thirty-six patients received 2 doses of sintilimab, all of whom underwent PET-CT twice and had radical resection (35) or biopsy (1). MPR occurred in 13 of 36 resected tumors (36.1%, 13/36). The degree of pathological regression was positively correlated with SULmax (p = 0.036) of scan-1, and was negatively correlated with all metabolic parameters of scan-2, and the percentage changes of the metabolic parameters after neoadjuvant therapy (p < 0.05). According to PERCIST, 13 patients (36.1%, 13/36) showed partial metabolic response (PMR), 21 (58.3%, 21/36) had stable metabolic disease, and 2 (5.6%, 2/36) had progressive metabolic disease (PMD). There was a significant correlation between the pathological response and the PET responses which were classified using PERCIST. All (100.0%) the PMR (ΔSULpeak% < − 30.0%) tumors showed MPR.

Conclusions
18F-FDG PET-CT can predict MPR to neoadjuvant sintilimab in resectable non-small cell lung cancer.
Comparison of Hybrid Vascular Grafts and Standard Grafts in Terms of Kidney Injury for the Treatment of Thoraco‐Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
Authors: Piffaretti Gabriele , Bellosta Raffaello , Bonardelli Stefano , Bush Ruth L. , Franchin Marco , Gelpi Guido , Tozzi Matteo 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundWe present a comparison of renal function outcomes during HTAR with the use of a new hybrid vascular graft (GHVG) or standard graft.MethodsIt is a multicenter, retrospective, observational study. Between January 2015 and March 2019, 36 patients were treated with HTAR. We compared HTAR performed with the use of the GHVG and with the use of standard bypass graft. Primary outcome measures were hospital mortality, acute kidney injury (AKI) at 30 days and GHVG patency.ResultsMean GHVG ischemia time was significantly lower for both renal arteries (right: GHVG, 4 ± 2 vs. standard graft, 15 ± 7 min; 95% CI 2.23–6.69, P < 0.001; left: GHVG, 3 ± 2 vs. standard graft, 13 ± 7 min; 95% CI 2.44–5.03, P < 0.001). Hospital mortality was 17% (6/36); while mortality did not differ between the two groups, postoperative acute kidney injury rate was 30.5% (11/36 patients) and was more common in the standard graft group (7% vs. 29%; OR 3.2, P = 0.074). Estimated primary patency was 92% ± 2 (95% CI 79.5–97%) at 36 months and was not different between the two groups (GHVG 94% ± 6 vs. standard graft 91% ± 6; log‐rank χ2 = 0.260, P = 0.610).ConclusionsIn our experience of HTAR, ischemia time was significantly shorter and postoperative AKI occurrence was lower with GHVG if compared to standard graft bypass, with satisfactory midterm patency rate comparable to that of standard graft bypass.
Gait variability as digital biomarker of disease severity in Huntington’s disease
Authors: Gaßner Heiko , Jensen Dennis , Marxreiter F. , Kletsch Anja , Bohlen Stefan , Schubert Robin , Muratori Lisa M. , Eskofier Bjoern , Klucken Jochen , Winkler Jürgen , Reilmann Ralf , Kohl Zacharias 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Impaired gait plays an important role for quality of life in patients with Huntington’s disease (HD). Measuring objective gait parameters in HD might provide an unbiased assessment of motor deficits in order to determine potential beneficial effects of future treatments.

Objective
To objectively identify characteristic features of gait in HD patients using sensor-based gait analysis. Particularly, gait parameters were correlated to the Unified Huntington’s Disease Rating Scale, total motor score (TMS), and total functional capacity (TFC).

Methods
Patients with manifest HD at two German sites (n = 43) were included and clinically assessed during their annual ENROLL-HD visit. In addition, patients with HD and a cohort of age- and gender-matched controls performed a defined gait test (4 × 10 m walk). Gait patterns were recorded by inertial sensors attached to both shoes. Machine learning algorithms were applied to calculate spatio-temporal gait parameters and gait variability expressed as coefficient of variance (CV).

Results
Stride length (− 15%) and gait velocity (− 19%) were reduced, while stride (+ 7%) and stance time (+ 2%) were increased in patients with HD. However, parameters reflecting gait variability were substantially altered in HD patients (+ 17% stride length CV up to + 41% stride time CV with largest effect size) and showed strong correlations to TMS and TFC (0.416 ≤ rSp ≤ 0.690). Objective gait variability parameters correlated with disease stage based upon TFC.

Conclusions
Sensor-based gait variability parameters were identified as clinically most relevant digital biomarker for gait impairment in HD. Altered gait variability represents characteristic irregularity of gait in HD and reflects disease severity.
A spatio-temporal hierarchical Markov switching model for the early detection of influenza outbreaks
Authors: Amorós Rubén , Conesa David , López-Quílez Antonio , Martinez-Beneito Miguel-Angel 
Published: February 2020

AbstractRapidly detecting the beginning of influenza outbreaks helps health authorities to reduce their impact. Accounting for the spatial distribution of the data can greatly improve the performance of an outbreak detection method by promptly detecting the first foci of infection. The use of Hidden Markov chains in temporal models has shown to be great tools for classifying the epidemic or endemic state of influenza data, though their use in spatio-temporal models for outbreak detection is scarce. In this work, we present a spatio-temporal Bayesian Markov switching model over the differentiated incidence rates for the rapid detection of influenza outbreaks. This model focuses its attention on the incidence variations to better detect the higher increases of early epidemic rates even when the rates themselves are relatively low. The differentiated rates are modelled by a Gaussian distribution with different mean and variance according to the epidemic or endemic state. A temporal autoregressive term and a spatial conditional autoregressive model are added to capture the spatio-temporal structure of the epidemic mean. The proposed model has been tested over the USA Google Flu Trends database to assess the relevance of the whole structure.
The Caregiver Health Effects of Caring for Young Children with Developmental Disabilities: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Masefield Sarah C. , Prady Stephanie L. , Sheldon Trevor A. , Small Neil , Jarvis Stuart , Pickett Kate E. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectivesMothers of school age and older children with developmental disabilities experience poorer health than mothers of typically developing children. This review assesses the evidence for the effect on mothers’ health of caring for young children with developmental disabilities, and the influence of different disability diagnoses and socioeconomic status.MethodsMedline, EMBASE, PsycINFO and CINAHL were searched. Studies measuring at least one symptom, using a quantitative scale, in mothers of preschool children (0–5 years) with and without a diagnosed developmental disability were selected. Random effects meta-analysis was performed, and predictive intervals reported due to high expected heterogeneity.ResultsThe meta-analysis included 23 estimates of association from 14 retrospective studies for the outcomes of stress (n = 11), depressive symptoms (n = 9), general health (n = 2) and fatigue (n = 1). Caring for a child with a developmental disability was associated with greater ill health (standardised mean difference 0.87; 95% predictive interval − 0.47, 2.22). The largest association was for mixed developmental disabilities (1.36; − 0.64, 3.36) and smallest for Down syndrome (0.38; − 2.17, 2.92). There was insufficient socioeconomic information to perform subgroup analysis. The small number of studies and data heterogeneity limited the precision of the estimates of association and generalizability of the findings.Conclusions for PracticeMothers of young children with developmental disabilities may have poorer health than those with typically developing children. Research is needed to identify whether the relationship is causal and, if so, interventions that could reduce the negative effect of caregiving.