bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detecting and Characterizing Water Vapor in the Atmospheres of Earth Analogs through Observation of the 0.94 μm Feature in Reflected Light
Authors: Smith Adam J. R. W. , Katherina Feng Y. , Fortney Jonathan J. , Robinson Tyler D. , Marley Mark S. , Lupu Roxana E. , Lewis Nikole K. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The characterization of rocky, Earth-like planets is an important goal for future large ground- and space-based telescopes. In support of developing an efficient observational strategy, we have applied Bayesian statistical inference to interpret the albedo spectrum of cloudy true-Earth analogs that include a diverse spread in their atmospheric water vapor mixing ratios. We focus on detecting water-bearing worlds by characterizing their atmospheric water vapor content via the strong 0.94 μm H2O absorption feature, with several observational configurations. Water vapor is an essential signpost when assessing planetary habitability, and determining its presence is important in vetting whether planets are suitable for hosting life. We find that R = 140 spectroscopy of the absorption feature combined with a same-phase green-optical photometric point at 0.525–0.575 μm is capable of distinguishing worlds with less than 0.1× Earth-like water vapor levels from worlds with 1× Earth-like levels or greater at a signal-to-noise ratio of 5 or better with 2σ confidence. This configuration can differentiate between 0.01× and 0.1× Earth-like levels when the signal-to-noise ratio is 10 or better at the same confidence. However, strong constraints on the water vapor mixing ratio remained elusive with this configuration even at a signal-to-noise of 15. We find that adding the same-phase optical photometric point does not significantly help characterize the H2O mixing ratio, but does enable an upper limit on atmospheric ozone levels. Finally, we find that a 0.94 μm photometric point, instead of spectroscopy, combined with the green-optical point, fails to produce meaningful information about atmospheric water content.
ROBO-AO Kepler Asteroseismic Survey. II. Do Stellar Companions Inhibit Stellar Oscillations?
Authors: Schonhut-Stasik Jessica , Huber Daniel , Baranec Christoph , Lamman Claire , Salama Maïssa , Jensen-Clem Rebecca , Duev Dmitry A. , Riddle Reed , Kulkarni S. R. , Law Nicholas M. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The Kepler Space Telescope observed over 15,000 stars for asteroseismic studies. Of these, 75% of dwarfs (and 8% of giants) were found to show anomalous behavior, such as suppressed oscillations (low amplitude) or no oscillations at all. The lack of solar-like oscillations may be a consequence of multiplicity, due to physical interactions with spectroscopic companions or due to the dilution of oscillation amplitudes from “wide” (AO detected; visual) or spectroscopic companions introducing contaminating flux. We present a search for stellar companions to 327 of the Kepler asteroseismic sample, which were expected to display solar-like oscillations. We used direct imaging with Robo-AO, which can resolve secondary sources at ∼0.″15, and followed up detected companions with Keck AO. Directly imaged companion systems with both separations of ≤0.″5 and amplitude dilutions >10% all have anomalous primaries, suggesting these oscillation signals are diluted by a sufficient amount of excess flux. We also used the high-resolution spectrometer ESPaDOnS at the Canada–France–Hawai’i Telescope to search for spectroscopic binaries. We find tentative evidence for a higher fraction of spectroscopic binaries with high radial velocity scatter in anomalous systems, which would be consistent with previous results suggesting that oscillations are suppressed by tidal interactions in close eclipsing binaries.
Testing the Cosmic Distance Duality Relation with the Latest Strong Gravitational Lensing and Type Ia Supernovae
Authors: Lyu Meng-Zhen , Li Zheng-Xiang , Xia Jun-Qing 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
We perform a model-independent and comprehensive test on the cosmic distance duality relation (CDDR) by combining the latest observations of strong gravitational lensing (SGL) including a total of 161 well-measured systems from several surveys and observations of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia), i.e., the joint light-curve analysis of SNe Ia and the Pantheon SNe Ia. We parameterize the CDDR in the form of

, and also consider general lens mass models including the dependence on the lens redshift and surface mass density. First, we update tests using the new SGL and the two SNe Ia data sets for the singular isothermal sphere model. The constraint results suggest a moderate tension with the CDDR using the Pantheon SN Ia with a slightly negative η
0. We find that η
0 deviates significantly from the CDDR at more than the 3σ level if the lens mass model depends on redshift. Supplementary tests show that the error from aperture correction and the parameterization method of the CDDR can hardly justify the deviation. Several of the models investigated show some evidence for deviations from the CDDR. However, there is a significant scatter in the inferred level of the CDDR violation, depending on the model describing the population of strong lenses. This variance is too large for us to conclude yet that the CDDR is violated and needs further investigation and future measurements to be verified.
On Post-starburst Galaxies Dominating Tidal Disruption Events
Authors: Cen Renyue 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
A starburst induced by a galaxy merger may create a relatively thin central stellar disk at radius ≤100 pc. We calculate the rate of tidal disruption events (TDEs) by the inspiraling secondary supermassive black hole (SMBH) through the disk. With a small enough stellar velocity dispersion (

) in the disk, it is shown that 105–106 TDEs of solar-type main-sequence stars per post-starburst galaxy (PSB) can be produced to explain their dominance in producing observed TDEs. Although the time it takes to bring the secondary SMBH to the disk apparently varies in the range of ∼0.1–1 Gyr since the starburst, depending on its landing location and subsequently due to dynamical friction with stars exterior to the central stellar disk in question, the vast majority of TDEs by the secondary SMBH in any individual PSB occur within a time span shorter than ∼30 Myr. Five unique testable predictions of this model are suggested.
Déterminants de la réticence au marché de la finance islamique au Cameroun
Authors: Ngaha Roméo Parfait , Binam Ferdinand François 
Published: January 2020

L’objectif principal de cette étude est de comprendre les facteurs explicatifs de la réticence des agents économiques camerounais (les professionnels de la finance et les clients potentiels des produits et services financiers islamiques) envers la finance islamique. Plusieurs théories ont été mobilisées pour appréhender ces déterminants, notamment la théorie de la diffusion des innovations, la théorie du cycle de vie du produit, et la théorie de la résistance au changement. Les résultats de la régression logistique mobilisée dans le cadre de cette étude montrent que des raisons psychologiques, organisationnelles et juridiques expliquent la réticence des agents économiques camerounais envers la finance islamique ; tandis que l’influence des raisons politiques et économiques est moindre et non significative sur cette attitude vis-à-vis de cette forme d’intermédiation financière. Par ailleurs, il apparaît que la mesure à adopter dans le cas du Cameroun pour une meilleure attitude vis-à-vis de la finance islamique reste la sensibilisation des acteurs économiques et du public en général sur ce phénomène.
Coracoclavicular Screw Fixation for Unstable Distal Clavicle Fractures
Authors: Macheras George , Kateros Konstantinos T , Savvidou Olga D , Sofianos John , Fawzy Ernest A , Papagelopoulos Panayiotis J 
Published: January 2020

abstract
Fifteen patients with Neer type II distal clavicle fracture were treated surgically, Operative treatment included open reduction and fixation of the proximal clavicular fragment to the coracoid process using a 6.5-mm canceilous screw and repair of the coracoclavicular ligaments. Fracture union occurred at a mean of 7 weeks postoperatively without any serious complications. All patients returned to the pre-injury level of activity with no residual pain or dysfunction.
Informatics Competencies for Nurses at Four Levels of Practice
Authors: Staggers Nancy , Gassert Carole A , Curran Christine 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT
Valid and comprehensive nursing informatics (NI) competencies currently are lacking. Meanwhile, nursing leaders are emphasizing the need to include NI in nursing curricula, as well as within the roles of practicing nurses in all settings. This article presents the initial work of a team of NI experts toward development of a valid and reliable set of NI competencies. Previous work primarily has focused on computer-related skills, rather than examining a broad definition of informatics competencies. For this current work, NI competencies encompass all skills, not only computer-related skills, as well as knowledge and attitudes needed by nurses. The first two authors created a database of NI competencies from the existing literature. A larger panel of NI experts then affirmed, modified, added, or deleted competencies from this database. Competencies were placed into four distinct skill levels. Definitions of each skill level and an initial master list of competencies are provided.
Pathogenicity of Stem-end Rot Associated Fungi Isolated from Karthakolomban Mango and Their Control by Spray and Fumigation Treatments with Selected Essential Oils
Authors: Kodituwakku T. D. , Abeywickrama K. , Karunanayake K. O. L. C. 
Published: January 2020

Purpose: Stem-end rot (SER) is a major disease of mango that causes serious postharvest losses. Application of fungicides is environmentally unsound and is being practiced currently in its control. This study was conducted to develop essential oil treatment systems as eco-friendly strategies to control SER of Karthakolomban mango and to determine the pathogenicity of several SER associated fungi.Research Method: Pathogenicity of four fungal isolates in SER was assessed by inoculating them on Karthakolomban mango fruits. Karthakolomban mango fruits were subjected to spray and fumigation treatments using four essential oils and their pathological, physicochemical and sensory properties were evaluated after a 8-day storage at 12 – 14 ºC.Findings: Lasiodiplodia theobromae, Pestalotiopsis sp., Phomopsis sp. and Xylaria feejeensis were the major SER pathogens of mango. X. feejeensis was identified as a SER pathogen for the first time in Sri Lanka. Spray and fumigation treatments conducted using basil, clove, cinnamon leaf and cinnamon bark oils effectively controlled SER of Karthakolomban mango stored at 12 – 14 ºC for 8 days. Mango sprayed with 1.6 µL/mL cinnamon bark oil has displayed no SER after induced ripening. None of the treatments caused drastic alterations in physicochemical and sensory properties of mango.Research Limitations: Storage period of mango was restricted to 8 days due to the initiation of natural ripening which was the major limitation to achieving a further enhanced shelf life.Originality/value: The treatment strategies developed by this research could be commercialized as bio-safe SER control strategies in reducing postharvest losses of mango in the local and international trade.
Free-choice Feeding of Three Different Dietary Calcium Sources and their Influence on Egg Quality Parameters of Commercial Layers
Authors: Rathnayaka R.M.D.B. , Mutucumarana R. K. , Andrew M. S. 
Published: January 2020

Purpose: The study reported herein was conducted to determine the effects of choice feeding three different calcium (Ca) sources on external and internal egg quality parameters of commercial layers. Research Method: Three dietary Ca sources (oyster shells, limestone and bone meal) were choice fed ad libitumly along with a commercial layer feed. The birds fed only the commercial layer diet was used as the control. The experiment was conducted as a complete randomized design. A total of 128, 55 weeks old Hy-line white layer hens (1500 ±21g) were assigned into 16 cages of 8 birds each. Four replicate cages were randomly assigned to each of the four dietary treatments. Bird’s performances were tested weekly. Twenty eggs from each treatment were collected weekly over five weeks period and were assessed for shell and internal quality parameters. Findings: Daily Ca intakes of birds affected significantly (P<0.05) by the Ca source. The birds fed oyster shells and limestone showed the highest (P<0.05) daily Ca intakes. Feeding bone meal significantly (P<0.05) reduced damaged shell percentage. Weekly body weight gain, weekly egg production and feed conversion ratio among treatments were similar (P>0.05). Dietary supplementation of Ca significantly (P<0.05) improved the egg weight. Shape index and shell ratios among treatments were similar (P>0.05). Feeding bone meal significantly (P<0.05) improved unit surface shell weight (USSW) and the shell thickness. Calcium supplementation had no effect (P>0.05) on albumen and yolk quality parameters of eggs. Originality/value: The present study concluded that feeding bone meal to commercial layers improves USSW, shell thickness thereby reducing egg damages. Calcium source has no influence in improving internal quality parameters of chicken eggs.
Mitigating Global Greenhouse Gas Emission: The Role of Trees as a Clean Mechanism For CO2 Sequestration
Authors: Adiaha Monday Sunday , Buba Aisha Haruna , Tangban Eji Ejor 
Published: January 2020

Purpose: Globally, increase in average mean temperature of the earth has been a hindrance to human-health development, agricultural productivity including environmental sustainability. The situation is exacerbated by continual/increase in gas flaring, mismanagement of land that releases nitrous oxide (N2O) including ecological-disturbances and imbalance. To reduce the impact of greenhouse gas emission, especially in low-income regions, then using a bio-approach becomes imperative. Research Method: The work adopted a theoretical approach (data mining), x-raying/amplifying the important role trees plays in our environment towards reducing greenhouse gas emission. Findings: Trees has been found/confirmed to be able to capture and lock carbon in the form of CO2 in their biomass, thereby helping in reducing the amount of CO2 content in the atmosphere. Findings of this study revealed that trees act as a clean mechanism that can be used, and has been able to reduce CO2 content out of the atmosphere. Several reviewed research findings indicated a significant (p˂0.05) increase in carbon sequestration potential of various tree species. Research Limitations: Field verification for data obtained through data mining was only verified through literature search. Originality/value: The outcome of the study presented a view that trees can statistically act as a clean biological mechanism approach towards environmental, agricultural including human health sustainability in the face of climate change.
The role of an IVC filter retrieval clinic—A single center retrospective analysis
Authors: Schuchardt Philip A , Yasin Junaid T , Davis Ryan M , Tewari Sanjit O , Bhat Ambarish P 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Inferior vena cava (IVC) filter placement still plays an essential role in preventing pulmonary embolism (PE) in patients with contraindications to anticoagulant therapy. However, IVC filter placement does have long-term risks which may be mitigated by retrieving them as soon as clinically acceptable. A dedicated IVC filter clinic provides a potential means of assuring adequate follow-up and retrieval. Aim: To assess the efficacy of our Inferior vena cava (IVC) filter retrieval clinic at improving the rate of patient follow-up, effective filter management, and retrieval rates. Materials and Methods: During the period of August 2017 through July 2018, 70 IVC filters were placed at our institution, and these patients were automatically enrolled into our IVC filter retrieval clinic for quarterly follow-up. We retrospectively reviewed data including appropriateness for removal at 3 months, overall retrieval rates, removal technique(s) employed, and technical success. Results: 62.9% of the potentially retrievable filters were removed during the study period. The technical success of extraction, using a combination of standard and advanced techniques, was 91.7%. Overall, 15% of the patients were lost to follow-up. Conclusion: Our findings add to the growing body of literature to support the need for a robust IVC filter retrieval clinic to ensure adequate follow-up and timely retrieval of IVC filters.
Metronidazole induced encephalopathy: A rare side effect with a common drug
Authors: Vaithiyam Venkatesh , Jadon Ranveer S , Ray Animesh , Manchanda Smita , Meena Ved P , Ranjan Piyush , Vikram Naval K 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn hospitals, seizures and encephalopathy are one of the common complications observed in critically ill patients. Drug intoxication, metabolic derangements, and anatomical abnormalities can cause altered mental status. We encountered an uncommon case with a diagnostic dilemma due to persistent encephalopathy, where metronidazole toxicity was an etiological factor. A 45-year-old male, who was admitted with the diagnosis of ruptured amoebic liver abscess. During the course of his management, he developed seizures and altered sensorium. After excluding other etiologies for in-hospital de novo seizure, a suspicion of metronidazole toxicity was considered. MRI brain was done which suggested the same. Metronidazole induced encephalopathy (MIE) is an uncommon adverse effect of treatment with metronidazole. Diagnosis is made by identifying specific radiological findings. It characteristically affects the cerebellum and subcortical structures. While the clinical and neuroimaging changes are usually reversible, persistent encephalopathy with poor outcomes may occur as seen in our case.
Perineal scar endometriosis
Authors: Jayanthan S Shanmuga , Shashikala G , Arathi N 
Published: January 2020

AbstractEndometriosis is defined as the presence of ectopic endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity. It is a benign condition commonly observed in women of the reproductive age group. It can occur in both pelvic and extra-pelvic sites. Moreover, pelvic endometriosis is relatively common, as compared to extra-pelvic endometriosis. The most frequent site for pelvic endometriosis is ovary. It can also affect rectum, uterosacral ligaments, rectovaginal septum, urinary bladder. Extra-pelvic endometriosis is rare and when it occurs, does so more frequently in surgical scar sites, especially in caesarean section scar. Endometriosis in an episiotomy scar is extremely rare but can lead to significant morbidity in patients due to local infiltration. This condition can be diagnosed by the presence of the classical clinical triad of history of episiotomy, tender nodule at the scar site and cyclical pain. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a very useful imaging modality to diagnose and assess the deeper extension of the lesion. Herein, we report one such case of episiotomy scar endometriosis in the perineum.
Samrakshan: An Indian Radiological and Imaging Association program to reduce perinatal mortality in India
Authors: Choorakuttil Rijo M , Patel Hemant , Bavaharan Rajalingam , Devarajan Palanisamy , Kanhirat Saneej , Shenoy Ramesh S , Tiwari Om P , Sodani Rajendra K , Sharma Lalit K , Nirmalan Praveen K 
Published: January 2020

AbstractContext: India has a high perinatal mortality rate. The Indian Radiological and Imaging Association (IRIA) is supplementing efforts to address perinatal mortality in India through the Samrakshan program. Aims: To describe various elements of the Samrakshan program that aims to reduce perinatal mortality in India. Methods: Samrakshan focuses on two priority areas, preeclampsia (PE) and fetal growth restriction (FGR). Samrakshan aims at technical skill upgradation, specifically focused on improved interpretative ability, prognostic and therapeutic efficacy using Doppler studies, a free online learning platform and offline continuous medical educations (CMEs), building an evidence base from the program to develop policy and guidelines, and improving synergy with the RAKSHA program of IRIA and other fetal care stakeholders. Results: Two courses on Doppler studies focused on first trimester and third trimester, supplemented by case discussions and journal articles, have started on the online platform with 230 registrants. The first statewide CME was held at Indore. Samrakshan screening identified 10 (17.24%, 95% CI: 8.59, 29.43) women at high risk for preterm PE and 29 (50.00%, 95% CI 36.58, 63.42) women at high risk for FGR in the first trimester. Ten fetuses (7.63%, 95% CI: 3.72, 13.59) including 9 with stage 1 FGR were identified in the third-trimester screening. Conclusions: Samrakshan is a flagship program of IRIA that aims to reduce perinatal mortality in India through a synergistic, holistic approach that complements and supplements existing efforts in India.
Hepatic arterial communicating arcades—Case series and review of literature
Authors: Kundaragi Nischal G , Asthana Sonal , Reddy Jayanth , Lochan Rajiv 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis case series describes the hepatic arterial communicating arcades and their importance in the endovascular management of hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm, pediatric post liver transplant lobar arterial occlusion, and lobar arterial stenosis due to gall bladder carcinoma. We describe new types of arterial communicating arcades which have not been described earlier.
Arctic (Svalbard islands) active and exported diatom stocks and cell health status
Authors: Agustí Susana , Krause Jeffrey W. , Marquez Israel A. , Wassmann Paul , Kristiansen Svein , Duarte Carlos M. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Diatoms tend to dominate the Arctic spring phytoplankton
bloom, a key event in the ecosystem including a rapid decline in
surface-water pCO2. While a mass sedimentation event of diatoms at the
bloom terminus is commonly observed, there are few reports on the status of
diatoms' health during Arctic blooms and its possible role on sedimentary
fluxes. Thus, we examine the idea that the major diatom-sinking event which
occurs at the end of the regional bloom is driven by physiologically
deteriorated cells. Here we quantify, using the Bottle-Net, Arctic diatom
stocks below and above the photic zone and assess their cell health status.
The communities were sampled around the Svalbard islands and encompassed
pre- to post-bloom conditions. A mean of 24.2±6.7 % SE (standard
error) of the total water column (max. 415 m) diatom standing stock was
found below the photic zone, indicating significant diatom sedimentation.
The fraction of living diatom cells in the photic zone averaged 59.4±6.3 % but showed the highest mean percentages (72.0 %) in stations
supporting active blooms. In contrast, populations below the photic layer
were dominated by dead cells (20.8±4.9 % living cells). The
percentage of diatoms' standing stock found below the photic layer was
negatively related to the percentage of living diatoms in the surface,
indicating that healthy populations remained in the surface layer.
Shipboard manipulation experiments demonstrated that (1) dead diatom cells
sank faster than living cells, and (2) diatom cell mortality increased in
darkness, showing an average half-life among diatom groups of 1.025±0.075 d. The results conform to a conceptual model where diatoms grow
during the bloom until resources are depleted and supports a link between
diatom cell health status (affected by multiple factors) and sedimentation
fluxes in the Arctic. Healthy Arctic phytoplankton communities remained at
the photic layer, whereas the physiologically compromised (e.g., dying)
communities exported a large fraction of the biomass to the aphotic zone,
fueling carbon sequestration to the mesopelagic and material to benthic
ecosystems.