bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An audit of radiographers’ practice of left-right image annotation in film-screen radiography and after installation of computed radiography in a tertiary hospital in Africa
Authors: Adejoh Thomas , Elugwu Chukwuemeka H. , Sidi Mohammed , Ezugwu Emeka E. , Asogwa Chijioke O. , Okeji Mark C. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
Errors in radiographic image annotation by radiographers could potentially lead to misdiagnoses by radiologists and wrong side surgery by surgeons. Such medical negligence has dire medico-legal consequences. It was hypothesized that newer technology of computed radiography (CR) and direct digital radiography (DDR) image annotation would potentially lead to a change in practice with subsequent reduction in annotation errors. Following installation of computed radiography, a modality with electronic, post-processing image annotation, the hypothesis was investigated in our study centre.

Results
A total of 72,602 and 126,482 images were documented for film-screen radiography (FSR) and computed radiography (CR), respectively in the department. From these, a sample size of 9452 made up of 4726 each for FSR and CR was drawn. Anatomical side marker errors were common in every anatomy imaged, with more errors seen in FSR (4.6%) than CR (0.6%). Collectively, an error rate of 3.0% was observed. Errors noticed were as a result of marker burnout due to over-exposure as well as marker cone off due to tight beam collimation.

Conclusion
Error rates were considerably reduced following a change from film-screen radiography (FSR) to computed radiography (CR) at the study centre. This change was, however, influenced more by a team of quality control radiographers stationed at CR workstation than by actual practice in x-ray imaging suite. Presence of anthropomorphic phantom in the teaching laboratories in the universities for demonstrations will significantly inculcate the skill needed to completely eliminate anatomical side marker (ASM) error in practice.
Developing anterior mediastinum mass after orthotopic thyroidectomy: a case report
Authors: Meira Soares Camelo Rita , Barros José Maria 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
Ectopic thyroid tissue is a rare embryological aberration described by the occurrence of thyroid tissue at a site other than in its normal pretracheal location. Depending on the time of the disruption during embryogenesis, ectopic thyroid may occur at several positions from the base of the tongue to the thyroglossal duct. Ectopic mediastinal thyroid tissue is normally asymptomatic, but particularly after orthotopic thyroidectomy, it might turn out to be symptomatic. Symptoms are normally due to compression of adjacent structures.

Case presentation
We present a case of a 66-year-old male submitted to a total thyroidectomy 3 years ago, due to multinodular goiter (pathological results revealed nodular hyperplasia and no evidence of malignancy), under thyroid replacement therapy. Over the last year, he developed hoarseness, choking sensation in the chest, and shortness of breath. Thyroid markers were unremarkable. He was submitted to neck and thoracic computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and radionuclide thyroid scan. Imaging results identified an anterior mediastinum solid lesion. A radionuclide thyroid scan confirmed the diagnosis of ectopic thyroid tissue. The patient refused surgery.

Conclusions
Ectopic thyroid tissue can occur either as the only detectable thyroid gland tissue or in addition to a normotopic thyroid gland. After a total thyroidectomy, thyroid-stimulating hormone can promote a compensatory volume growth of previously asymptomatic ectopic tissue. This can be particularly diagnosis challenging since ectopic tissue can arise as an ambiguous space-occupying lesion.
Spinal accessory neuropathy in patients with chronic trapezius myofascial pain syndrome
Authors: El Sharnoby Asmaa Farouk El Sayed , Sultan Hussein Al-Moghazy , Saba Emmanuel Kamal Aziz 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
Myofascial pain syndrome is a common musculoskeletal problem affecting the trapezius muscle. The aim was to assess the presence of spinal accessory neuropathy in patients with unilateral chronic trapezius myofascial pain syndrome.

Results
The study included 25 patients with unilateral chronic trapezius myofascial pain syndrome and 20 apparently healthy volunteers as the control group. There was a significantly delayed spinal accessory nerve latency on the symptomatic side in comparison to either asymptomatic side (P = 0.014) and control group (P = 0.001). Compound muscle action potential amplitude did not significantly differ between the symptomatic side versus the asymptomatic side and control group. Delayed spinal accessory nerve latency was present in seven patients (28%) and reduced compound muscle action potential amplitude in one of them (4%). The needle electromyography of the upper trapezius muscle revealed neuropathic motor units and incomplete interference pattern in the patient who showed reduced compound muscle action potential amplitude. Abnormal rest potentials were absent in all patients. Individually, seven patients (28%) had electrophysiological evidence of spinal accessory neuropathy, but only one (4%) of them had clinical evidence of spinal accessory neuropathy. Patients with abnormal electrophysiological findings had longer duration of complaint and more severe pain.

Conclusions
Spinal accessory neuropathy is common among patients with chronic trapezius myofascial pain syndrome. It could contribute to increased pain severity of myofascial pain syndrome. Electrodiagnosis is a good modality for identifying subclinical spinal accessory neuropathy.
Identifying Actionable Causes of Potentially Avoidable Readmissions to an Oncology Service at a Safety Net Hospital
Authors: Gupta Vishal K. , Dennis Michael , Mann Emily , Jacobson Joseph O. , Ko Naomi Y. 
Published: December 2020

PURPOSE: Hospital readmissions occur commonly in those receiving cancer care and result in impaired quality of life and increased costs. Causes of readmission in safety net hospitals that serve vulnerable populations are not well understood. The primary goal of this project was to identify potentially avoidable and intervenable causes of readmissions to an urban safety net hospital. METHODS: A retrospective chart review was performed on patients who were readmitted within 30 days of discharge from the hematology and oncology service at Boston Medical Center over the 6-month period between October 2018 and March 2019. Charts were reviewed by three internal medicine residents and discussed under the supervision of an attending oncologist. RESULTS: Two hundred ninety-one patient encounters involving 203 unique patients were identified in the 6-month study period. Of these 291 encounters, 80 encounters (27.5%) were followed by a readmission within 30 days and occurred in 61 (30.0%) unique patients. Nineteen (31.1%) of these 61 patients experienced two readmissions within 30 days of discharge. Twenty-five readmissions (31.3%) were classified as potentially avoidable, with the most common cause of potentially avoidable readmissions attributed to ascitic or pleural fluid reaccumulation (8, 32%). The majority of presumed nonpreventable readmissions were due to expected complications of cancer progression and treatment-related side effects. DISCUSSION: In conclusion, readmissions were common, and a modifiable reason for 30-day readmissions was identified. Addressing recurrent ascitic and pleural fluid reaccumulation in the outpatient setting could help to reduce inpatient hospital readmission on an inpatient oncology service.
Specificity of the Development of Technological Entrepreneurship: Analysis of Foreign Practices
Authors: Yakushev N. 
Published: December 2020

In economic science, the importance of researching technological entrepreneurship, its contribution to the economic development of the territory, is increasing. According to the statistics of the international indexed databases Scopus and WOS, the publication activity of researchers studying the issues of technology entrepreneurship in the economic direction increased by 111.5% and 122%, respectively. Thus, the issue of studying the specifics of the development of technological entrepreneurship is relevant. At the same time, the study of the experience of foreign countries, where significant attention is paid to the development of technological entrepreneurship, both at the state level and in the commercial sector, is of particular importance for domestic practice.
The purpose of the study is to prove, based on the study of foreign experience, the prospects for the development of technological entrepreneurship as a tool for accelerated economic growth and a way to attract investment for the development of a territory.
The article examines foreign experience in the development of technological entrepreneurship. The analysis of foreign cases of technological entrepreneurship development is presented. On the basis of the analysis, the directions of technological entrepreneurship in foreign countries are systematized. Successful cases of technological entrepreneurship have been researched and systematized. The main characteristics of technology entrepreneurship abroad are identified based on the consideration of specific practical cases, which is especially important from the point of view of evidence of the effectiveness of this tool in managing the development of technological entrepreneurship.
The research materials will be useful for scientists and specialists to study the experience of foreign and cases on technological entrepreneurship, and can also be used by government and administrative bodies at the federal and regional levels in the development of target-oriented documents in the field of SME development and management of socio-economic development in general.
TENDÊNCIAS NOS ESTUDOS DE DIVULGAÇÃO CIENTIFICA E ENSINO DE CIÊNCIAS: UM LEVANTAMENTO EM PERIÓDICOS BRASILEIROS
Authors: Miceli Bruna Sarpa , Rocha Marcelo Borges , Monerat Carlos Alberto Andrade , Carvalho Igor Leandro Alves de , Melo Alberto Henrique Oliveira dos Santos , Silva Ingrid Bento da 
Published: December 2020

A Divulgação Científica (DC) possui importante função de democratizar os saberes relacionados à Ciência, pois se caracteriza como um recurso com potencial de oferecer ao público acesso ao conhecimento científico. Ela está atrelada a uma série de estratégias com relação ao Ensino de Ciências, justificando então, a relevância dos estudos que investigam que aspectos da DC têm sido abordados em pesquisas na área de Ensino de Ciências. O presente estudo teve como objetivo realizar um mapeamento de trabalhos que articulam a DC e o Ensino de Ciências em periódicos nacionais dos estratos A1 e A2 de acordo com a classificação no Qualis-Períodicos da CAPES numa tentativa de sistematizar tais produções. Foram selecionadas e analisadas 17 revistas de acordo com a presença de artigos relacionados à DC no período de 2017 a 2019. Notou-se que as publicações nos periódicos relacionadas à temática de DC e Ensino de Ciências têm aumentado nos últimos anos, apresentando diversidade de autores da área, concentração da quantidade de produção nas regiões Sudeste e Sul do país, variedade de indexações na utilização de palavras-chave, predominância de abordagens qualitativas, forte presença de produções voltadas para espaços formais de educação e enfoque na relação da DC com professores e estudantes. Concluiu-se que, diante da escassez de produções voltadas para este tipo de mapeamento, o presente estudo contribuiu para a área de DC e Ensino de Ciências por apresentar dados recentes comparados com outras pesquisas já realizadas demonstrando a continuação em alguns aspectos, e possíveis novas tendências em outros.
A FIGURA DE ALEXANDRE MAGNO SOB A ÓTICA DE PSEUDO-CALÍSTENES
Authors: Carvalho Elisa Costa Brandão de 
Published: December 2020

O presente trabalho pretende oferecer uma visão geral da vida e das façanhas de Alexandre Magno, do ponto de vista de Pseudo-Calístenes, em sua obra Romance de Alexandre Magno, que serve como ponto de partida para a análise de algumas tradições em relação à figura brilhante de Alexandre e sua apresentação como um rei muito culto e sábio. A imagem de Alexandre Magno nesta obra penetra fundo na imaginação popular. Imagem esta que não é correta historicamente, mas é aquela que o público preferiu.
MITOLOGIA DO MUNDO VEGETAL GRECO-ROMANO: ALGUNS EXEMPLOS PARTICULARES
Authors: Godoi Marco Antônio Abrantes de Barros 
Published: December 2020

Desde os tempos primitivos, o animismo vem sendo uma característica universal da visão que o ser humano tem sobre a sua experiência com seu ambiente, sendo uma perspectiva holística do universo, este ser humano encara-o como um universo vivo, seja uma pedra, seja um rio, ou a vegetação ao redor, todos possuem um espírito que se manifesta e se conecta com todos ao redor. A partir desta visão de mundo primevo, as sociedades posteriores construíram uma visão do mundo vegetal complexa que leva a representações de cada elemento da natureza. Aqui pretendemos observar, na primeira parte um aspecto geral desta perspectiva sobre uma visão do mito e da forma como o homem veio construindo esta percepção do mundo vegetal e seu elo com sua vida. Na segunda parte estudaremos algumas particularidades do mito do carvalho, do narciso, da oliveira e da videira.
Extent of aging across education and income subgroups in Thailand: Application of a characteristic-based age approach
Authors: Pothisiri Wiraporn , Prasitsiriphon Orawan , Aekplakorn Wichai 
Published: December 2020

AimThis study aimed to identify differences in physical performance across various socioeconomic groups within an older population and to convert those differences into a common metric to facilitate comparisons of aging speed across socioeconomic subgroups.MethodsWe employed data from the 2009 National Health Examination Survey of Thailand. Physical performance was assessed using three health characteristics: grip strength, as a measure of upper body strength; walking speed, as a measure of lower body strength; and a combined measure of grip strength and walking speed, to capture the strength of the whole body. Education level and income were used to distinguish socioeconomic subpopulations. We followed a characteristic-based age approach to transform these population characteristics, which were measured in different units, into a common and comparable aging metric, referred to asα−age.ResultsPhysical aging trajectories varied by sex and socioeconomic status. Some education, particularly secondary or higher education levels, was significantly associated with greater physical strength in older age for both men and women, whereas higher income was significantly associated with physical strength only for men. Across the three health characteristics, having a primary education slowed age-related declines by up to 6.3 years among men and 2.8 years among women, whereas being in a higher income group slowed age-related declines by 8.2 years among men and up to 4.9 years among women.ConclusionsThis study adds new evidence from a developing Asian country regarding the difference in aging speeds across subpopulations associated with different levels of education and income.
Dual-task walking reduces lower limb range of motion in individuals with Parkinson’s disease and freezing of gait: But does it happen during what events through the gait cycle?
Authors: Pinto Camila , Salazar Ana Paula , Hennig Ewald Max , Kerr Graham , Pagnussat Aline Souza 
Published: December 2020

Background
It is unclear how dual-task gait influences the lower limb range of motion (RoM) in people with Parkinson’s disease (PD) and freezing of gait (FOG). The lower limb kinematics during dual-task gait might differ from regular gait, but during what events in the gait cycle?

Methods
This is an observational within-subjects study. Thirty-two individuals with PD and FOG underwent a gait analysis. Single and dual-task gait was assessed by a 3D motion analysis system and the RoM data of the lower limb were extracted from hips, knees and ankles in the sagittal plane. Dual-task assignment was performed using word-color interference test. To compare both gait conditions, we used two different analyses: (1) common discrete analysis to provide lower limb RoM and (2) Statistical Parametric Mapping analysis (SPM) to provide lower limb joint kinematics. A correlation between lower limb RoM and spatiotemporal gait parameters was also performed for each gait condition.

Results
Common discrete analysis evidenced reductions in RoM of hips, knees and ankles during the dual task gait when compared to single gait. SPM analysis showed reductions in flexion-extension of hip, knees and ankles joints when dual task was compared to single task gait. These reductions were observed in specific gait events as toe off (for knees and ankles) and heel strike (for all joints). The reduction in lower limb RoM was positively correlated with the reduction in step length and gait speed.

Conclusions
Lower limb joints kinematics were reduced during toe off and heel strike in dual task gait when compared to single gait. These findings might help physiotherapists to understand the influence of dual and single walking in lower limb RoM throughout the gait cycle in people with PD and FOG.
Syphilis Hepatitis Presenting as a Mimic of Primary Biliary Cholangitis
Authors: Kern Cody , Elmoursi Ahmed , Blake Caroline , Hoellein Andrew 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT
Syphilis hepatitis is a rare cause of acute liver injury. Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a progressive autoimmune disease characterized by the typical presentation of a cholestatic liver injury and the presence of antimitochondrial antibodies (AMAs). We present a case of syphilis hepatitis that presented as a mimic to PBC with positive AMA. The eradication of syphilis led to the resolution of the liver injury and down trending of the antibody level. We recommend excluding syphilis in patients with high-risk behaviors presenting with a cholestatic liver injury and positive AMA before the diagnosis of PBC.
Effect of Incubation Time During Sperm Sexing Process on Sperm Quality of Pasundan Bull
Authors: Rasad Siti Darodjah , Solihati Nurcholidah , Winangun Kikin , Yusrina Annisa , Avicenna Fahmy 
Published: December 2020

The research was conducted to evaluate the effect of incubation time on viability, plasma membrane integrity, abnormality, and DNA integrity of sexed Pasundan’s bulls sperm. The sperm sexing used 5% and 10% concentrations of Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA). A completely randomized design with three treatments and six replications was used in this study. The data were analyzed using variance analysis followed by Duncan’s multiple distance test. Parameter evaluated were sperm longevity, plasma membrane integrity (PMI), abnormality, and DNA integrity of sexed Pasundan bulls sperm. Results showed that incubation time gave significant effect (P&lt;0.05) on the longevity of sperm, but not on the PMI of Pasundan bulls sexed sperm. The incubation time of 45 minutes gave the highest value of longevity sperm on the upper layer (4.33 days) and the lower layer (4.17 days). Furthermore, the abnormality of sperm X in the upper layer was 4.00%-4.20% and the lower layer was 4.10%- 4.40%. Meanwhile, the DNA integrity of an upper layer was 98.16%-98.66%, and the lower layer was 97.83%-98.58%. It is concluded that 45 minutes of incubation time significantly affected the longevity of sperm, but not plasma membrane integrity, abnormality, and DNA integrity of Pasundan bulls sexed sperm.
Genetic Variants of Milk Protein Genes and Their Association with Milk Components in Holstein Friesian Cattle
Authors: Asmarasari Santiananda Arta , Sumantri Cece , Gunawan A , Taufik E , Anggraeni Anneke 
Published: December 2020

Protein content in milk is an important indicator of milk. Accordingly, genetic improvement to produce Holstein Friesian (HF) dairy cattle is important. The objective of this study was to evaluate the genetic variant of milk protein genes and its effect on milk component traits of Holstein Friesian (HF). A total of 100 HF were used in this study. The HF cattle used have physiological status in the lactation period 1 up to 3 and lactation change of 1 up to 12 months. Genotype variants of milk protein genes were identified using Real Time-Polymerase Chain Reaction method. Analysis of milk component was carried out covering the component of protein, fat, lactose, and solid non-fat (SNF) by using a milk quality measuring device (Lactoscan). Genotyping of cattle blood samples consisted of DNA extraction, genes amplification using the RT-PCR method. The result showed that<strong> </strong>protein milk was significantly affected (p&lt;0.05) by the genetic variants of CSN1S1-192 and CSN2-67 genes. Fat milk was significantly affected (p&lt;0.05) by the genetic variants of CSN1S1-192 and CSN3 genes. Meanwhile, solid non-fat milk was significantly affected (p&lt;0.05) by the genetic variants of CSN-BMC9215, CSN-BMC6334, CSN1S1-14618, CSN2_67, and CSN3 genes. Lactose milk was significantly affected (p&lt;0.05) by the genetic variants of CSN-BMC9215 and CSN2-67 genes. It was concluded that genetic variants of the milk protein genes have an association with the component of cow's milk (protein, fat, solid non-fat, and lactose).
Implementation of Relationships between Stake holders in Small Scale Broiler Business Partnerships in Indonesia
Authors: Ilham Nyak 
Published: December 2020

The problem of small-scale broiler business is the low efficiency and low application of biosecurity. In the chicken industry, however, efficiency is an essential consideration for product competitiveness in terms of both price and quality. Vertical integration involving small scale businesses in partnership models is expected to maintain the existence of small scale businesses. This paper aims to analyze the performance of the implementation of various models of broiler business partnerships with the legal basis for the establishment of partnership. In this paper there are four models to be discussed, namely: Partnership of National Price Contract (KKHN), Partnership of Regional Price Contracts (KKHR), Partnership of Local Broiler Maklun (KMLB), and Partnership of Local Revenue Sharing (KBHL). The implementation of legislation for the broiler partnership is weak. This can be seen from the tendency of the core companies to narrow down to the KKHN model, while other models are being pushed and bankrupt, and there is the occurrence of unilateral business relationship termination by the nucleus company to plasma as its business partner. The policy recommendations offered are: (i) There is a need to strengthen regulation and guidance by relevant agencies in charge of animal husbandry and animal health functions at the central and regional levels supported by Business Competition Supervision Commission (KPPU); (ii) The company is advised not to break the partnership relationship with small-scale farmers who have worked together for a long time; (iii) The company should reserve funds from the farmer's chicken harvest to reinvest the chicken cage.