bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Borderline? Oder doch eher hochsensibel?
Authors: Konrad Sandra 
Published: December 2020

ZusammenfassungMenschen mit Hochsensibilität (SPS; Aron und Aron 1997) und einer Borderline-Persönlichkeitsstörung (BPS) weisen, basierend auf ihrem Temperament, Gemeinsamkeiten in Bezug auf ihre hohe Empfindsamkeit und Verletzlichkeit auf. Beide Personenkreise zeigen beispielsweise Beziehungsängste und Sorge vor interpersoneller Zurückweisung. Erste Hinweise auf einen Zusammenhang zwischen einer BPS und SPS liefert eine Studie von Meyer et al. (2005). Im Zeitraum 2015–2016 wurden im deutschsprachigen Raum N = 1105 Erwachsene (MW-Alter 39,75 Jahre; SD = 11,50, 954 Frauen) online zu ihrer Feinfühligkeit und ihren BPS Symptomen befragt. SPS wurde mit der validierten deutschen Fassung der High Sensitiv Person Scale (HSPS-G) erhoben. Die BPS Symptome wurden mithilfe der Subskala Borderline (BL) des Persönlichkeits-Stil- und Störungs-Inventar (PSSI) erfasst. Die Korrelationen zwischen PSSI-BL und SPS zeigten schwache bis mittlere Zusammenhänge, jedoch waren die Zusammenhänge nach Auspartialisierung der jeweils anderen beiden Subskalen der HSPS‑G mit BL (spontaner-Borderline-Typus) geringer und finden sich eher im Zusammenhang mit dem Faktor EOE (Leichte Erregbarkeit) wieder. Im Gruppenvergleich berichten hochsensible Menschen höhere Werte auf der PSSI-BL-Subskala als Nicht-Hochsensible. Da BPS und SPS Überschneidungspunkte aufweisen, sollte SPS bei BPS gegebenenfalls mit in Erwägung gezogen werden. Behandlungsimplikationen nach kognitiv-behavioralen Ansätzen werden vorgeschlagen.
Transdiagnostic Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Individuals with Anxiety Disorders: An Open Trial
Authors: Pearl Shaun , Norton Peter J. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjective:To evaluate the effect of a transdiagnostic cognitive behavioural therapy (tCBT) protocol in an individual delivery format, adapted from a protocol that has been extensively evaluated in a group delivery format.Method:tCBT was provided to a cohort (N = 18) of adults with a range of anxiety disorders (55.6% male; M age = 40.6, SD = 17.6), at a speciality anxiety disorder research clinic. A within-subjects repeated measures design was employed. Pre-to-post-treatment diagnostic assessments were analysed through repeated measures analysis of variance, and session-by-session self-reported measures of anxiety, depression, and quality of life were modelled through mixed-effect regression modelling (MRM) to maximise the sample of treatment initiators.Results:Significant and large reductions for clinician-rated primary diagnosis severity (Hedges g = 1.63), and overall clinical global impressions (g = 1.43) were observed, and self-reported anxiety and depression symptoms showed significant reductions over the course of treatment with medium-to-large effect sizes (g = 0.66 and 0.74, respectively). Significant improvement to quality of life was also observed with medium effect size (g = 0.53).Conclusions:There is now preliminary support for the use of an adaptation of an established group-based tCBT protocol for use with individuals. Implications and recommendations for future investigations are provided.
Change in hospital antibiotic use and acquisition of multidrug-resistant gram-negative organisms after the onset of coronavirus disease 2019
Authors: Bork Jacqueline T. , Leekha Surbhi , Claeys Kimberly , Seung Hyunuk , Tripoli Megan , Amoroso Anthony , Heil Emily L. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractInterrupted time series segmented regression was conducted to trend antibiotic use and multidrug-resistant gram-negative (MDRGN) acquisition relative to COVID-19 in an academic hospital. Total antibiotic use and antibiotic use related to pneumonia was higher in the period after the onset of COVID-19 compared to the similar calendar period in 2019. Furthermore, MDRGN acquisition increased 3% for every increase in positive COVID-19 tests per week.
Manno-oligosaccharide attenuates inflammation and intestinal epithelium injury in weaned pigs upon enterotoxigenicEscherichia coliK88 challenge
Authors: Yu En , Chen Daiwen , Yu Bing , Huang Zhiqing , Mao Xiangbing , Zheng Ping , Luo Yuheng , Yin Heng , Yu Jie , Luo Junqiu , Yan Hui , He Jun 
Published: December 2020

AbstractTo explore the effect of manno-oligosaccharide (MOS) on intestinal health in weaned pigs upon enterotoxigenicEscherichia coliK88 (ETEC) challenge, thirty-two male weaned pigs were randomly assigned into four groups. Pigs fed with a basal diet or basal diet containing MOS (0·6 g/kg) were orally infused with ETEC or culture medium. Results showed that MOS significantly elevated the digestibility of crude protein and gross energy in both ETEC-challenged and non-challenged pigs (P< 0·05). MOS also elevated serum concentrations of IgA and IgM (P< 0·05), but decreased serum concentrations of TNF-α, IL-1βand IL-6 (P< 0·05) in ETEC-challenged pigs. Interestingly, MOS increased villus height and the ratio of villus height:crypt depth in duodenum and ileum (P< 0·05). MOS also increased duodenal sucrase and ileal lactase activity in ETEC-challenged pigs (P< 0·05). MOS decreased the abundance ofE. coli, but increased the abundance ofLactobacillus,BifidobacteriumandBacillusin caecum (P< 0·05). Importantly, MOS not only elevated the expression levels of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), claudin-1 and GLUT-2 in duodenum (P< 0·05) but also elevated the expression levels of ZO-1, GLUT-2 and L-type amino acid transporter-1 in ileum (P< 0·05) upon ETEC challenge. These results suggested that MOS can alleviate inflammation and intestinal injury in weaned pigs upon ETEC challenge, which was associated with suppressed secretion of inflammatory cytokines and elevated serum Ig, as well as improved intestinal epithelium functions and microbiota.
Shelf life extension of mozzarella cheese packed in preserving liquid with calcium lactate and bergamot juice concentrate
Authors: Zappia Angela , Branca Maria Luisa , Piscopo Amalia , Poiana Marco 
Published: December 2020

AbstractTraditional Mozzarella is a fresh cheese produced in Italian local market without additives that shows a short shelf life of about 5 d. This work tested the use of natural additives (bergamot juice concentrate-BJ and calcium lactate-CL) in preserving liquid for a Mozzarella cheese with the aim to extend its shelf life, regarding the microbial growth and overall cheese quality. Results of qualitative analyses showed that the preserving liquid with the mix of BJ and CL promoted an extension of mozzarella shelf life up to 20 d. A slightly reduced growth of Pseudomonas species was evidenced after 5 d of storage, whereas no inhibition of lactic acid bacteria was observed for the storage period. Moreover, mozzarella cheese packed in mixed preserving liquid possessed better textural properties, evidenced by the lowest proteolysis index measured after 13 d of storage, and a good antioxidant activity.
Habitat selection and populations ofCorynosoma(Acanthocephala) in the intestines of sea otters (Enhydra lutris) and seals
Authors: Shanebeck K. , Lakemeyer J. , Siebert U. , Lehnert K. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAcanthocephalans are common intestinal parasites of marine mammals, the most widespread of which is the genusCorynosoma. In this study, parasite infrapopulations of two closely related species ofCorynosomawere examined:Corynosoma enhydrifrom sea otters (Enhydra lutris) in Alaska (n= 12) and California (n= 19), andCorynosoma strumosumfrom seals in Germany (n= 22). Prevalence ofC. enhydriwas 100% in Californian otters, with a mean abundance of 30, and 83% in Alaskan otters, with a mean abundance of 232. In seals,C. strumosumhad a prevalence of 65%, with a mean abundance of 33. FemaleC. enhydridominated both Californian (82%) and Alaskan (79%) infections, while, in seals, femaleC. strumosummade up 68% of the parasite population. Reproduction rates forC. enhydri, with 16% (California) and 18% (Alaska) of females mated, were low compared toC. strumosumin seals, of which 40% of females were mated. Habitat selection also differed significantly between the two species.Corynosoma enhydriwas found most frequently in the second and third fifths of the small intestine, whileC. strumosumwas found most frequently in the fourth. The differences in habitat selection and prevalence analysed in this study may be related to a trade-off between growth and reproduction between the two species.
Broad but restricted detection of malacosporeans in a Neotropical cradle of diversification
Authors: Naldoni Juliana , Okamura Beth , Hartikainen Hanna , Corrêa Lincoln L. , Adriano Edson A. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis study undertook the first investigation of malacosporean infections in Neotropical fish. We used polymerase chain reaction detection with a primer set generally targeting known malacosporeans to assay for infection in the kidney of 146 fish in 21 species belonging to 12 families collected from two areas in the Amazon Basin. Infections were found in 13 fish variously belonging to seven species in six families and included the first identification of a malacosporean infection in cartilaginous fish (a freshwater stingray). Based on ssrDNA, all infections represented a singleBuddenbrockiaspecies (Buddenbrockiasp. E) that demonstrates an exceptionally broad range of fish species infected, and countered our expectations of high Neotropical malacosporean diversity. Infections were characterized at varying and often high prevalences in fish species but sample sizes were small. Ascertaining whether highly divergent malacosporeans have not been detected by current primers, and more comprehensive sampling may reveal whether malacosporeans are truly as species poor in the Amazon Basin as present data suggest. Our results prompt speculations about evolutionary scenarios including introductionviamarine incursions and patterns of host use over time.
Does childhood maltreatment or current stress contribute to increased risk for major depression during the menopause transition?
Authors: Bromberger Joyce T , Chang Yuefang , Colvin Alicia B , Kravitz Howard M , Matthews Karen A 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe menopausal transition (MT) poses an increased risk for major depression (MD), but not for all women. Current and past stress are toxic risk factors for depression throughout life. The MT may be a time of increased sensitivity to stress, especially among women with a lifetime history of major depressive disorder (MDD). We evaluated whether women who experienced childhood maltreatment (CM) or current stressful events or ongoing problems were at increased risk for MD during the MT.MethodsAt the Pittsburgh site of the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation, 333 midlife women were interviewed approximately annually over 15 years with the Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnosis of DSM-IV Axis I Disorders and provided health and psychosocial data including the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. Repeated measures logistic regression analyses were conducted separately for women with and without lifetime MDD at study entry.ResultsAmong women with lifetime MDD, CM, but not current stress, interacted with menopausal status to increase the risk for MD during postmenopause (ORs ranged from 2.71 to 8.04). All stressors were associated with increased odds of MD. Among women without lifetime MDD, current stress was related to risk for MD, but the effect did not vary by menopausal status.ConclusionsWomen with MDD prior to midlife and who experienced CM were at greatest risk for MD after the MT. Women without prior MDD were at increased risk for MD during peri- and postmenopause. Healthcare providers should monitor women at risk for MD even after the MT.
Coronavirus conspiracy beliefs, mistrust, and compliance: taking measurement seriously
Authors: Garry John , Ford Rob , Johns Rob 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundFreemanet al. (2020a,Psychological Medicine, 21, 1–13) argue that there is widespread support for coronavirus conspiracy theories in England. We hypothesise that their estimates of prevalence are inflated due to a flawed research design. When asking respondents to their survey to agree or disagree with pro-conspiracy statements, they used a biased set of response options: four agree options and only one disagree option (and no ‘don't know’ option). We also hypothesise that due to these flawed measures, the Freeman et al. approachunder-estimates the strength of the correlation between conspiracy beliefs and compliance. Finally, we hypothesise that, due to reliance on bivariate correlations, Freeman et al.over-estimate the causal connection between conspiracy beliefs and compliance.MethodsIn a pre-registered study, we conduct an experiment embedded in a survey of a representative sample of 2057 adults in England (fieldwork: 16−19 July 2020).ResultsMeasured using our advocated ‘best practice’ approach (balanced response options, with a don't know option), prevalence of support for coronavirus conspiracies is only around five-eighths (62.3%) of that indicated by the Freeman et al. approach. We report mixed results on our correlation and causation hypotheses.ConclusionsTo avoid over-estimating prevalence of support for coronavirus conspiracies, we advocate using a balanced rather than imbalanced set of response options, and including a don't know option.
Quantifying individual differences in native and nonnative sentence processing
Authors: Cunnings Ian , Fujita Hiroki 
Published: December 2020

AbstractResearch in sentence processing has increasingly examined the role of individual differences in language comprehension. In work on native and nonnative sentence processing, examining individual differences can contribute crucial insight into theoretical debates about the extent to which nativelike processing is possible in a nonnative language. Despite this increased interest in individual differences, whether commonly used psycholinguistic tasks can reliably measure individual differences between participants has not been systematically examined. As a preliminary examination of this issue in nonnative processing, we report a self-paced reading experiment on garden-path sentences in native and nonnative comprehension. At the group level we replicated previously observed findings in native and nonnative speakers. However, while we found that our self-paced reading experiment was a reliable way of assessing individual differences in overall reading speed and comprehension accuracy, it did not consistently measure individual differences in the size of garden-path effects in our sample (N = 64 native and 64 nonnative participants, and 24 experimental items). These results suggest that before individual differences in sentence processing can be meaningfully assessed, the question of whether commonly used tasks can consistently measure individual differences requires systematic examination.
Learning by Creating: Making Games in a Political Science Course
Authors: Shin Sangbum 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACTThis article describes a project-based course titled “International Relations and Games” in which students were required to create game rules and scenarios using IR concepts, theories, approaches, and topics. Although students learned through participation in games and simulations in previous classes, they acquired further knowledge by developing their own games—a case of “learning by creating.” The course was designed with expectations that (1) game-creation activities would facilitate peer-based and self-directed learning; (2) it would help improve students’ creativity; and (3) it would enable students to understand the importance and utility of discipline in the world beyond their classroom. Students conducted three game-creation projects in the semester. Based on the instructor’s observations, student surveys, and personal-interview results, it is concluded that all three expectations were met—especially that students felt as if they were leading the class.
Effectiveness of intravenous ketamine in mood disorder patients with a history of neurostimulation
Authors: Rodrigues Nelson B. , Siegel Ashley , Lipsitz Orly , Cha Danielle S. , Gill Hartej , Nasri Flora , Simonson Kevin , Shekotikhina Margarita , Lee Yena , Subramaniapillai Mehala , Kratiuk Kevin , Lin Kangguang , Ho Roger , Mansur Rodrigo B. , McIntyre Roger S. , Rosenblat Joshua D. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundPatients unsuccessfully treated by neurostimulation may represent a highly intractable subgroup of depression. While the efficacy of intravenous (IV) ketamine has been established in patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD), there is an interest to evaluate its effectiveness in a subpopulation with a history of neurostimulation.MethodsThis retrospective, posthoc analysis compared the effects of four infusions of IV ketamine in 135 (x̄ = 44 ± 15.4 years of age) neurostimulation-naïve patients to 103 (x̄ = 47 ± 13.9 years of age) patients with a history of neurostimulation. The primary outcome evaluated changes in depression severity, measured by the Quick Inventory for Depression Symptomatology-Self Report 16-Item (QIDS-SR16). Secondary outcomes evaluated suicidal ideation (SI), anxiety severity, measured by the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-Item (GAD-7), and consummatory anhedonia, measured by the Snaith–Hamilton Pleasure Scale (SHAPS).ResultsFollowing four infusions, both cohorts reported a significant reduction in QIDS-SR16 Total Score (F (4, 648) = 73.4, P < .001), SI (F (4, 642) = 28.6, P < .001), GAD-7 (F (2, 265) = 53.8, P < .001), and SHAPS (F (2, 302) = 45.9, P < .001). No between-group differences emerged. Overall, the neurostimulation-naïve group had a mean reduction in QIDS-SR16 Total Score of 6.4 (standard deviation [SD] = 5.3), whereas the history of neurostimulation patients reported a 4.3 (SD = 5.3) point reduction.ConclusionIV ketamine was effective in reducing symptoms of depression, SI, anxiety, and anhedonia in both cohorts in this large, well-characterized community-based sample of adults with TRD.
Are young people with primary social anxiety disorder less likely to recover following generic CBT compared to young people with other primary anxiety disorders? A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Evans Rachel , Clark David M. , Leigh Eleanor 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackground:Social anxiety disorder (SoAD) in youth is often treated with a generic form of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT). Some studies have suggested that primary SoAD is associated with lower recovery rates following generic CBT compared with other anxiety disorders.Aims:This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated recovery rates following generic CBT for youth with primary SoAD versus other primary anxiety disorders.Method:Five databases (PsycINFO, Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, Medline) were searched for randomised controlled trials of generic CBT for child and/or adolescent anxiety.Results:Ten trials met criteria for inclusion in the systematic review, six of which presented sufficient data for inclusion in the meta-analysis. Sixty-seven did not report data on recovery rates relative to primary diagnosis. While most individual studies included in the systematic review were not sufficiently powered to detect a difference in recovery rates between diagnoses, there was a pattern of lower recovery rates for youth with primary SoAD. Across the trials included in the meta-analysis, the post-CBT recovery rate from primary SoAD (35%) was significantly lower than the recovery rate from other primary anxiety disorders (54%).Conclusions:Recovery from primary SoAD is significantly less likely than recovery from any other primary anxiety disorder following generic CBT in youth. This suggests a need for research to enhance the efficacy of CBT for youth SoAD.
Informant-Reported Cognitive Decline is Associated with Objective Cognitive Performance in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Nakhla Marina Z. , Holiday Kelsey A. , Filoteo J. Vincent , Zlatar Zvinka Z. , Malcarne Vanessa L. , Lessig Stephanie , Litvan Irene , Schiehser Dawn M. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjective:The utility of informant-based measures of cognitive decline to accurately describe objective cognitive performance in Parkinson’s disease (PD) without dementia is uncertain. Due to the clinical relevance of this information, the purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between informant-based reports of patient cognitive decline via the Informant Questionnaire of Cognitive Decline in the Elderly (IQCODE) and objective cognition in non-demented PD controlling for cognitive status (i.e., mild cognitive impairment; PD-MCI and normal cognition; PD-NC).Method:One-hundred and thirty-nine non-demented PD participants (PD-MCI n = 38; PD-NC n = 101) were administered measures of language, executive function, attention, learning, delayed recall, visuospatial function, mood, and motor function. Each participant identified an informant to complete the IQCODE and a mood questionnaire.Results:Greater levels of informant-based responses of patient cognitive decline on the IQCODE were significantly associated with worse objective performance on measures of global cognition, attention, learning, delayed recall, and executive function in the overall sample, above and beyond covariates and cognitive status. However, the IQCODE was not significantly associated with language or visuospatial function.Conclusions:Results indicate that informant responses, as measured by the IQCODE, may provide adequate information on a wide range of cognitive abilities in non-demented PD, including those with MCI and normal cognition. Findings have important clinical implications for the utility of the IQCODE in the identification of PD patients in need of further evaluation, monitoring, and treatment.
Influence of Special Education, ADHD, Autism, and Learning Disorders on ImPACT Validity Scores in High School Athletes
Authors: Maietta Julia E. , Barchard Kimberly A. , Kuwabara Hana C. , Donohue Bradley D. , Ross Staci R. , Kinsora Thomas F. , Allen Daniel N. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjective:The Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Testing (ImPACT) is commonly used to assist with post-concussion return-to-play decisions for athletes. Additional investigation is needed to determine whether embedded indicators used to determine the validity of scores are influenced by the presence of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDs).Method:This study examined standard and novel ImPACT validity indicators in a large sample of high school athletes (n= 33,772) with or without self-reported ND.Results:Overall, 7.1% of athletes’ baselines were judged invalid based on standard ImPACT validity criteria. When analyzed by group (healthy, ND), there were significantly more invalid ImPACT baselines for athletes with an ND diagnosis or special education history (between 9.7% and 54.3% for standard and novel embedded validity criteria) when compared to athletes without NDs. ND history was a significant predictor of invalid baseline performance above and beyond other demographic characteristics (i.e., age, sex, and sport), although it accounted for only a small percentage of variance. Multivariate base rates are presented stratified for age, sex, and ND.Conclusions:These data provide evidence of higher than normal rates of invalid baselines in athletes who report ND (based on both the standard and novel embedded validity indicators). Although ND accounted for a small percentage of variance in the prediction of invalid performance, negative consequences (e.g., extended time out of sports) of incorrect decision-making should be considered for those with neurodevelopmental conditions. Also, reasons for the overall increase noted here, such as decreased motivation, “sandbagging”, or disability-related cognitive deficit, require additional investigation.