bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficient production of myo-inositol in Escherichia coli through metabolic engineering
Authors: You Ran , Wang Lei , Shi Congrong , Chen Hao , Zhang Shasha , Hu Meirong , Tao Yong 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background The biosynthesis of high value-added compounds through metabolically engineered strains has received widely attention in recent years. As an effective compound in pharmaceutical, cosmetic and food industry, myo-inositol (inositol) is mainly produced via a harsh set of chemical reactions from phytate. The proper distribution of carbon flux between cell growth and inositol production was a major challenge for constructing an efficient inositol-synthetic pathway. Recombinant E. coli strains have been constructed by metabolic engineering strategies to produce inositol, yet with a low yield. Therefore, construction of E. coli metabolically engineered strains with high stoichiometric yield will be attractive. Results In the present study, the recombinant E. coli strains with high stoichiometric yield (> 0.7 mol inositol/mol glucose) were obtained to efficiently synthesize inositol. Inositol was successfully biosynthesized after introducing two crucial enzymes, inositol-3-phosphate synthase (IPS) from Trypanosoma brucei , and inositol monophosphatase (IMP) from E. coli. Based on starting strains E. coli BW25113 (wild type) and SG104 ( ΔptsG::glk , ΔgalR::zglf , ΔpoxB::acs ), a series of engineered strains for inositol production were constructed by deleting the key genes pgi, pfkA or pykF . Furthermore, the plasmid expression systems of IPS and IMP were optimized, and the gene zwf was regulated to enhance stoichiometric yield. The highest stoichiometric yield (0.96 mol inositol/mol glucose) was achieved with the combined strain R15 of SG104, Δpgi , Δpgm , and RBSL5-zwf. Simultaneously, the engineered strain R04 reached high-density fermentation level in a 1-L fermenter by using glucose and glycerol as mixed carbon source. In the scale-up bioconversion in situ with R04, 0.82 mol inositol/mol glucose was produced by fed-batch within 23 h, corresponding to a titer of 106.3 g/L (590.5 mM). Conclusions The biosynthetic pathway of inositol from glucose in recombinant E. coli was optimized by metabolic engineering strategies. The metabolically engineered E. coli strains represent a promising method for future inositol production. This study provided an essential reference to obtain a suitable distribution of carbon flux between glycolysis pathway and product synthetic pathway.
China’s Health Tourism and Marketing
Authors: Zhong Lina , Deng Baolin , Sun Sunny 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: China has been recently considered as an essential component of the world health tourism market. Nevertheless, limited studies, if any, have focused on marketing China’s health tourism.Methods: Through the stratification sampling survey method, the present study collected 351 valid questionnaires.Results: The present study identified possible attributes and resources to market health destinations in China; and all the identified attributes were classified into four factors: basic services, health services, religious services, and social services.Conclusions: Safety was considered to be the top attribute of health destinations; and the most effective way to do marketing of health tourism in China is through events. Furthermore, travel pattern of health tourism is also identified.
Reaching the unreached: Effectiveness and Satisfaction with Community-Directed Distribution of Suphadoxine-Pyrimethamine for preventing Malaria in Pregnancy in rural South-East, Nigeria
Authors: Okedo-Alex Ijeoma Nkem , Akamike Ifeyinwa Chizoba , Alo Chihurumnanya , Agu Adaoha Pearl , Nzeh Chinyere Benedicta , Chinwendu Ndukwe Daniel , Okoro Odii Ogonna , Abateneh Dejene Derseh , Uneke Chigozie Jesse 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Innovative community strategies to increase Intermittent Preventive Treatment with Suphadoxine-Pyrimethamine (IPTp-SP) coverage is advocated particularly in rural areas, where health infrastructures are weakest and malaria transmission highest. This study was a proof-of-concept implementation research to determine satisfaction with and effectiveness of community-directed distribution of IPTp-SP on uptake among pregnant women in Ebonyi State, Nigeria.Methods This before-after study was carried out in 2019 in a rural community in Ebonyi State Nigeria. The intervention involved advocacy visits, community-wide sensitizations on malaria prevention, house to house directly observed IPTp-SP administration and follow-up visits by trained community-selected Community Directed Distributors (CDDs). Monthly coverage IPTp-SP coverage was assessed over five months using SPSS version 20.Results During the study, 229, 232, 217, 121 and 34 women received 1-5 IPT doses respectively. The uptake of ≥3 IPTp doses increased from 31.4% to 71.6% (P<0.001). Sleeping under Insecticide Treated Net (ITN) the night before the survey increased from 62.4% to 84.3% (P<0.001) while reporting of fever during pregnancy decreased from 64.9% to 17.0% (P<0.001). Although antenatal clinic utilization increased in the primary health center serving the community, traditional birth attendants and patent medicine vendors in the community remained more patronized. Post-intervention, most mothers rated CDD services well (93.6%), were satisfied (97.6%) and preferred community IPTp administration to facility administration (92.3%).Conclusions Community-directed distribution of IPTp-SP improved uptake of IPTp-SP and ITN use. Mothers were satisfied with the services. We recommend sustained large-scale implementation of community-directed distribution of IPTp with active community engagement.
An Ovarian Leydig Cell Tumour in a Postmenopausal Woman that was Missed on an Ultrasonogram: A Case Report
Authors: Zhu XiaoDan , You QiHan , Zhou LinYu , Jiang Jian , Jiang TianAn 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background:Ovarian Leydig cell tumour (OLCT) is a rare functioning ovarian sex cord-stromal tumour (OSCST) that can cause hyperandrogenism and virilization. Its clinical and imaging features are atypical, which leads to misdiagnosis, missed diagnosis, or overtreatment.Case presentation:We report a case of OLCT in a postmenopausal woman that was missed on transvaginal ultrasound (TVS). Both enhanced pelvic computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) indicated a right adnexal space-occupying lesion.We present this missed-diagnosis case and review the literature on OLCT.Conclusions:When patients develop hyperandrogens, we should consider this rare disease in addition to more common causes. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) of the ovary could contribute to differential diagnosis when tiny tumours are not detected by imaging examinations or the diagnosis remains uncertain.
Cooperation between Caenorhabditis elegans COMPASS and condensin in germline chromatin organization
Authors: Herbette Marion , Robert Valérie , Bailly Aymeric , Gely Loïc , Feil Robert , Llères David , Palladino Francesca 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Histone-modifying activities play important roles in gene expression and influence higher-order genome organization. SET1/COMPASS (Complex Proteins Associated with Set1) deposits h istone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4) methylation at promoter regions and is associated with context-dependent effects on gene expression. Whether it also contributes to higher-order chromosome organization has not been explored. Results Using a quantitative FRET (Förster resonance energy transfer)-based fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) approach to assay nanometer scale chromatin compaction in live animals, we reveal a novel role for SET1/COMPASS in structuring meiotic chromosomes in the C. elegans germline . Inactivation of SET-2, the C. elegans homologue of SET1, strongly enhanced chromosome organization defects and loss of fertility resulting from depletion of condensin-II, and aggravated defects in chromosome morphology resulting from inactivation of topoisomerase II, another major structural component of chromosomes. Loss of CFP-1, the chromatin targeting subunit of COMPASS, similarly affected germline chromatin compaction measured by FLIM-FRET and enhanced condensin-II knock-down phenotypes. Conclusions The data presented here are consistent with a role of SET1/ COMPASS in shaping meiotic chromosomes in the C. elegans germline. This new insight has important implications for how c hromatin-modifying complexes and histone modifications may cooperate with non histone-proteins to achieve proper chromosome organization, not only in meiosis, but also in mitosis.
Quality of life and its affecting factors among patients with multiple sclerosis: a cross-sectional study in northwest Iran
Authors: Gharibi Farid , Imani Ali , Khezri Ali , Joudiyan Nasrin , Dalal Koustuv 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is one of the most important diseases due to its adverse clinical, social and economic consequences for affected people. Objectives: This study tried to assess the quality of life of the patients suffering from Multiple Sclerosis in East Azerbaijan. Methods: This cross-sectional study used the Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life-54 (MSQOL-54) questionnaire for interviewing 300 randomly selected MS patients in East Azarbaijan province, Iran. The independent T-test, ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test were used to examine the relationship between demographic variables and quality of life, and all analyses were performed using SPSS19. Results: The quality of life score among the MS patients is 48.22. The "life satisfaction" is the best and "physical role limitation" is the worst quality of life aspect. There were significant relationships between marital status, education level, employment status, age of symptoms onset and years of illness with quality of life (P<0.05). Conclusion: The quality of life of the MS patients in East Azarbaijan province is lower than other parts of Iran and much lower than OECD countries.
Association between probable posttraumatic stress disorder and quality of life in emergency service workers: a mediation analysis using a third potential model with both in parallel and in series effects; a cross-sectional study
Authors: Noda Yoshikazu , Asano Kenichi , Shimizu Eiji , Hirano Yoshiyuki 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background The present study used a third potential model with both in parallel and in series effects to identify mediators influencing the association between probable posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and quality of life (QOL). In addition, we sought to clarify how stress-coping behaviors influence components of QOL. Methods Participants were 220 emergency service workers. PTSD was assessed using the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R). QOL was assessed using the MOS 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36). Mediation analysis and moderated mediation analysis of interaction effects with a third potential model were used to examine the effects of stress-coping (Brief COPE scores), social support (Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support [MSPSS] scores), and resilience (Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale [CD-RISC] scores) on the association between probable PTSD and QOL. Results The mediation analysis with confounders suggested an acceptable model fit. The moderated mediation analysis did not indicate differences in the moderators. IES-R scores were significantly positively associated with Active coping, Venting, and Positive reframing in Brief COPE scores and were significantly negatively associated with MSPSS scores. Active coping, Venting, and Positive reframing in Brief COPE and MSPSS scores was significantly positively associated with CD-RISC scores, which were significantly positively associated with SF-36 scores. A sensitivity analysis comparing the results between the full information maximum likelihood method and the list-wise deletion method indicated that the 95% confidence interval included zero and a good model fit was not maintained for indices of coping strategies in Venting and Positive reframing in Brief COPE scores. Conclusions Active coping in response to stressful situations is an important behavior for maintaining good mental health among emergency service workers. In addition, Active coping in stress-coping and social support may have strengthened participants’ resilience, and resilience may have improved QOL. However, Positive reframing and Venting might have confounded the results because they exhibited a Not Missing At Random data distribution. Screening of mental health and QOL should include simultaneous assessment of stress-coping, social support, and resilience. Although the present findings are suggestive, because this was a cross-sectional study, causal relationships between PTSD and QOL mediated by three mediators could not be confirmed.
Global health systems partnerships: A mixed methods analysis of HPV vaccine delivery network actors in Mozambique
Authors: Soi Caroline , Shearer Jessica , Chilundo Baltazar , Muchanga Vasco , Matsinhe Luisa , Gimbel Sarah , Sherr Kenneth 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Global health partnerships have expanded exponentially in the last two decades with Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance considered the model’s pioneer and leader because of its vaccination programs’ implementation mechanism. Gavi, relies on diverse domestic and international partners to carry out its programs in low- and middle-income countries under a Partnership Engagement Framework (PEF). We harnessed an established partnership evaluation framework, to conduct an in-depth examination of Mozambique’s Gavi driven partnership network which delivered the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine during the demonstration phase.Methods We utilized mixed methods to assess five partnership dimensions. Qualitative tools gauged contextual factors, prerequisites, partner performance and practices while a social network analysis (SNA) survey measured the partnership structure and perceived added value in terms of effectiveness, efficiency and country ownership. The 40 key informants who were interviewed included frontline ministry of health workers, ministry of education staff and supporting partner organization members, of whom 34 participated in the social network analysis survey.Results SNA measures for partnership structure revealed a partnership network characterized by high overall connectivity. Reachability 100% and average distance 2.5 scores were high, features that are favorable for rapid and widespread diffusion of information that is needed for engaging and handling multiple implementation scales. High SNA effectiveness and efficiency measures for structural holes (85%) and low redundancy (30%) coupled with high mean perceived effectiveness (97.6%) and efficiency (79.5%) outcome scores were observed. Additionally, the tie strength average score of 4.1 on a scale of 5 denoted high professional trust. These are all markers of a partnership where disparate institutions and organizations worked in a collaborative environment in which each entity’s comparative advantage was leveraged. Lower perceived outcome scores for country ownership (24%) were found with the challenges of working with out-of-country partners being prominently cited by study participants as reasons.Conclusions While there is room for improvement on the country ownership aspects of the partnership, the expanded, diverse and inclusive collaboration of institutions and organizations that implemented the Mozambique HPV vaccine demonstration project was effective and efficient and we recommend that the country adapt a similar model during the national scale up.
The relationship between parents’ dietary care and food diversity among preschool children in Japan
Authors: Ishikawa Midori , Haraikawa Mayu , Eto Kumi , Yoshiike Nobuo , Yokoyama Tetsuji 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Increasing food diversity in early childhood diets is important; however, few studies on parental care emphasize the necessity of ensuring greater food diversity for children. The aim of this study was to identify the relationship between preschool children’s dietary diversity and parents’ care behaviors related to their diet including contents of foods and snacks, mealtime practice, and parent–child communication. Methods Data were extracted from the National Nutrition Survey on Preschool Children conducted among households with toddlers and preschoolers in 2015 by Japan’s Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare. Based on 2143 responses from households with children aged 2–6 years, a food diversity score (8 food groups: max of 8 points) was calculated and the distribution was confirmed. The participants were divided into higher (≥4 points, n = 1151) and lower (≤3 points; n = 992) food diversity groups. A comparison between the two groups examined parents’ socioeconomic status, children’s health and living conditions, and parental care concerning children’s diets (13 items, including nutritional balance of foods, snack content, and regularity of mealtimes). Based on the results, a multiple regression analysis was performed relating food diversity scores to the factors of parental socioeconomic status and child health, and a logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify factors of parental care related to the higher food diversity group. Results Among the higher food diversity group, mothers were older, subjective economic status was higher, parents’ skipped breakfast skipping less, and children had fewer caries and engaged in less than two hours of screen time per day. Parental care concerning children’s diets was the factor most strongly associated with children’s food diversity scores. Among such habits, those factors most strongly associated with higher food diversity were nutritional balance of foods (OR: 1.76; 95% CI: 1.44–2.16; p < .0001), snack contents (OR: 1.41; CI: 1.07–1.86; p = 0.014), and regular mealtimes (OR: 1.30; CI: 1.08–1.55; p = 0.005). Conclusion The findings indicate the importance of parents paying attention to the contents of children’s foods and snacks, ensuring that children eat regularly, and increasing the diversity of their diets.
Molecular-dynamics-simulation-guided membrane engineering of Saccharomyces cerevisiae by overexpression of plant FAE1 and GPAT5 genes increases fatty acid chain length in membrane lipids
Authors: Maertens Jeroen M , Scrima Simone , Lambrughi Matteo , Genheden Samuel , Trivellin Cecilia , Eriksson Leif A , Papaleo Elena , Olsson Lisbeth , Bettiga Maurizio 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background The use of lignocellulosic-based fermentation media will be a necessary part of the transition to a circular bio-economy. These media contain many inhibitors to microbial growth, including acetic acid. Under industrially relevant conditions, acetic acid enters the cell predominantly through passive diffusion across the plasma membrane. The lipid composition of the membrane determines the rate of uptake of acetic acid, and thicker, more rigid membranes impede passive diffusion. Results We hypothesized that the elongation of glycerophospholipid fatty acids would lead to thicker and more rigid membranes, reducing the influx of acetic acid. Molecular dynamics simulations were used to predict the changes in membrane properties. Overexpression of Arabidopsis thaliana genes FAE1 and GPAT5 increased the average fatty acid chain length. However, this did not lead to a reduction in the net uptake rate of acetic acid. Conclusions Despite successful strain engineering, the net uptake rate of acetic acid did not decrease. We suggest that changes in the relative abundance of certain membrane lipid headgroups could mitigate the effect of longer fatty acid chains, resulting in a higher net uptake rate of acetic acid.
Evaluation in broilers of aerosolized nanoparticles vaccine encapsulating imuno-stimulant and antigens of avian influenza virus/Mycoplasma gallisepticum
Authors: Kumosani Taha Abdullah , Yaghmoor Soonham , Abdulaal Wesam H. , Barbour Elie 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The global prevalence of economic primary infection of poultry by H9N2 virus, including the Lineage A, panzootic group ME1, predominant in many ME countries including KSA, and associated with secondary infection by Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG). This research evaluated in broilers the immunity and protection induced by aerosolization of liposomal nanoparticles vaccine, encapsulating antigens of H9N2 virus (Lineage A, panzootic group ME1) and MG (R-strain), with or without the incorporation of Echinacea extract (EE) immuno-stimulant. Six treatments (TRTs) of broilers were included in the experimental design, with three replicate pens/TRT and stocking of 20 day-old birds/replicate. Birds in TRT 1 received at 14 and 21 d of age the aerosolized nanoparticles, incorporating the antigens and devoid of immuno-stimulant, followed by intra-tracheal challenge at 28 d of age with viable H9N2 and MG; Birds of TRT 2 received aerosolized nanoparticles, incorporating only the EE and challenged similarly; TRT 3 received the aerosolized nanoparticles, incorporating both the antigens and EE followed by challenge; TRT 4 were only challenged(Positive Controls) ; TRT 5 received both the antigens and EE incorporated in aerosolized nanoparticles, and deprived of challenge; TRT 6 were deprived of vaccination and of challenge (Negative Controls). The tracheobronchial washings of TRT 3 showed the highest significant mean levels of each of IgA and IgG specific to H9N2 and MG, associated with lowest tracheal MG colonization, tracheal H9N2 recovery, tracheal histopathologic lesions, mortality, and best performance in BW and feed conversion compared to all other challenged birds of the different treatments (P<0.05). However, broilers free from challenge with MG and H9N2 (TRTs 5 and 6) had the lowest mortality and tracheal lesions, and the highest production performance. The aerosolization of liposomal nanoparticles, encapsulating antigens of H9N2 and MG and EE resulted in enough local immunity for protection of broilers against infection and lesions by the two causative agents, and for attaining the highest production performance in challenged birds. The vaccination by the antigens and EE to birds deprived of challenge had its apparent positive effect on production, an indication of the safety of the killed vaccine on broilers.
Analysis of relapse-associated alternative mRNA splicing and construction of a prognostic signature predicting relapse in I–III colon cancer
Authors: Zhang Zhiyuan , Feng Qingyang , Zheng Peng , Lv Yang , Mao Yihao , Xu Yuqiu , He Guodong , Xu Jianmin 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background : The literature depicting the effects of alternative splicing (AS) events on relapse of colon cancer is little and there is no signature based on the alternative splicing. Methods : The bioinformatic analysis was performed based on data of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) to identify the relapse-associated ASs, the potential interactions were further analyzed and a robust signature was built after univariate Cox regression, LASSO Cox regression, and multivariate Cox regression analysis to predict the relapse in I–III colon cancer. Molecular subtypes was identified based on the signature. Results : We identified 1912 ASs of 1384 mRNA, based on the relapse-associated ASs, we constructed the network of protein-protein interactions (PPI) and ASs-splicing factors (SF) interactions. 1294 of proteins with 7396 interactions were included in the PPI network. 14 SFs combined with 78 relapse-associated ASs were included in the AS-SF network. We finally built a robust signature to predict the relapse of I–III colon cancer with a considerable AUC value in both the training group and the test group (0.857,0.839). Based on the ASs involved in the signature, samples were classified into 4 molecular subgroups distinguishing the relapse rate in diverse groups. Conclusion : Our study provides a profile of relapse-associated ASs in I–III colon cancer and build a robust signature to predict the relapse of I–III colon cancer patients and further classify the patients into 4 molecular subtypes.