bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High Salt Intake Worsens Aortic Dissection in Mice
Authors: Nishida Norifumi , Aoki Hiroki , Ohno-Urabe Satoko , Nishihara Michihide , Furusho Aya , Hirakata Saki , Hayashi Makiko , Ito Sohei , Yamada Hiroshi , Hirata Yuichiro , Yasukawa Hideo , Imaizumi Tsutomu , Tanaka Hiroyuki , Fukumoto Yoshihiro 
Published: November 2019

Objective:
Aortic dissection (AD) is a fatal disease that occurs suddenly without preceding clinical signs or symptoms. Although high salt intake is a proposed risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, the relationship between AD and high salt intake has not been clarified. We examined the effect of high-salt challenge on a mouse AD model.

Approach and Results:

AD was induced in male mice by continuous infusion of β-aminopropionitrile and Ang II (angiotensin II). High-salt challenge exacerbated aortic wall destruction in AD. Deletion of
Il17a
(IL-17KO [IL (interleukin)-17A knockout]) did not affect the AD phenotype at baseline, but it abolished the high salt–induced worsening of the aortic destruction. Unexpectedly, aortas of IL-17KO mice exhibited global changes in ECM (extracellular matrix)-related genes without alteration of proinflammatory genes, altered architecture of collagen fibers, and reduced stiffness before AD induction. The aortas of IL-17KO mice were less sensitive to AD-inducing stimuli, as shown by the induction of phenotypic modulation markers SMemb and vimentin, suggesting a reduced stress response. The aortas of IL-17KO mice had a higher population of smooth muscle cells with nuclear-localized phosphorylated Smad2, indicative of TGFβ (transforming growth factor-beta) signal activation. Consistently, pretreatment of smooth muscle cells in culture with IL-17A blunted the activation of Smad2 by TGFβ1.

Conclusions:
These findings indicate that high salt intake has a worsening effect on AD in the context of high aortic wall stiffness, which is under the control of IL-17A through ECM metabolism. Therefore, salt restriction may represent a low-cost and practical way to reduce AD risk.
Five‐Year Outcomes in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus Treated With Biodegradable Polymer Sirolimus‐Eluting Stents Versus Durable Polymer Everolimus‐Eluting Stents
Authors: Iglesias Juan F. , Heg Dik , Roffi Marco , Tüller David , Lanz Jonas , Rigamonti Fabio , Muller Olivier , Moarof Igal , Cook Stéphane , Weilenmann Daniel , Kaiser Christoph , Cuculi Florim , Valgimigli Marco , Jüni Peter , Windecker Stephan , Pilgrim Thomas 
Published: November 2019

Background

The choice of optimal drug‐eluting stent therapy for patients with diabetes mellitus (
DM
) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention remains uncertain. We aimed to assess the long‐term clinical outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention with biodegradable polymer sirolimus‐eluting stents (
BP
‐
SES
) versus durable polymer everolimus‐eluting stents (
DP
‐
EES
) in patients with
DM
.

Methods and Results

In a prespecified subgroup analysis of the
BIOSCIENCE
(Ultrathin Strut Biodegradable Polymer Sirolimus‐Eluting Stent Versus Durable Polymer Everolimus‐Eluting Stent for Percutaneous Coronary Revascularization) trial (
NCT
01443104), patients randomly assigned to ultrathin‐strut
BP
‐
SES
or thin‐strut
DP
‐
EES
were stratified according to diabetic status. The primary end point was target lesion failure, a composite of cardiac death, target vessel myocardial infarction, and clinically indicated target lesion revascularization, at 5 years. Among 2119 patients, 486 (22.9%) presented with
DM
. Compared with individuals without DM, patients with
DM
were older and had a greater baseline cardiac risk profile. In patients with DM, target lesion failure at 5 years occurred in 74 patients (cumulative incidence, 31.0%) treated with
BP
‐
SES
and 57 patients (25.8%) treated with
DP
‐
EES
(risk ratio, 1.23; 95%
CI
, 0.87–1.73 [
P
=0.24]). In individuals without DM, target lesion failure at 5 years occurred in 124 patients (16.8%) treated with
BP
‐
SES
and 132 patients (16.8%) treated with
DP
‐
EES
(risk ratio, 0.98; 95%
CI,
0.77–1.26 [
P
=0.90;
P
for interaction=0.31]). Cumulative 5‐year incidence rates of cardiac death, target vessel myocardial infarction, clinically indicated target lesion revascularization, and definite stent thrombosis were similar among patients with DM treated with
BP
‐
SES
or
DP
‐
EES
. There was no interaction between diabetic status and treatment effect of
BP
‐
SES
versus
DP
‐
EES
.

Conclusions

In a prespecified subgroup analysis of the
BIOSCIENCE
trial, we found no difference in clinical outcomes throughout 5 years between patients with DM treated with ultrathin‐strut
BP
‐
SES
or thin‐strut
DP
‐
EES
.

Clinical Trial Registration

URL
:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/
. Unique identifier:
NCT
01443104.
50 Years of Modelling Second Temple Judaism: Whence and Wither?
Authors: Petersen Anders Klostergaard 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe first section describes the major progress in the study of Second Temple Judaism during the past fifty years, since A.S. van der Woude founded the Journal for the Study of Judaism. This part—the whence—comprises the main bulk of the argument. It also paves the way for the conclusion—the wither. There, I present some ideas potentially leading to new advances in the field. I call for an engagement with the social and natural sciences based on a gene-culture coevolutionary paradigm. In particular, adopting a biocultural evolutionary perspective makes it possible to situate the field and its empirical focus in a much larger context. Thereby, we shall be able to tackle some of the pivotal questions with which our scholarly predecessors wrestled. Finally, I discuss emotional studies that may help us to get a better grasp on a traditionally moot question in the texts we study.
A safe bet? Inter-laboratory variability in behaviour-based severity assessment
Authors: Jirkof Paulin , Abdelrahman Ahmed , Bleich André , Durst Mattea , Keubler Lydia , Potschka Heidrun , Struve Birgitta , Talbot Steven R , Vollmar Brigitte , Zechner Dietmar , Häger Christine 
Published: November 2019

Evidence-based severity assessment is essential as a basis for ethical evaluation in animal experimentation to ensure animal welfare, legal compliance and scientific quality. To fulfil these tasks scientists, animal care and veterinary personnel need assessment tools that provide species-relevant measurements of the animals' physical and affective state. In a three-centre study inter-laboratory robustness of body weight monitoring, mouse grimace scale (MGS) and burrowing test were evaluated. The parameters were assessed in naïve and tramadol treated female C57BL/6J mice. During tramadol treatment a body weight loss followed by an increase, when treatment was terminated, was observed in all laboratories. Tramadol treatment did not affect the MGS or burrowing performance. Results were qualitatively comparable between the laboratories, but quantitatively significantly different (inter-laboratory analysis). Burrowing behaviour seems to be highly sensitive to inter-laboratory differences in testing protocol. All locations obtained comparable information regarding the qualitative effect of tramadol treatment in C57BL/6J mice, however, datasets differed as a result of differences in test and housing conditions. In conclusion, our study confirms that results of behavioural testing can be affected by many factors and may differ between laboratories. Nevertheless, the evaluated parameters appeared relatively robust even when conditions were not harmonized extensively and present useful tools for severity assessment. However, analgesia-related side effects on parameters have to be considered carefully.
Association between ACE A240T polymorphism and cancer risk: a meta-analysis
Authors: Xiao Yingjun , Dong Zheqing , Zhu Ji , You Jinbiao , Fan Jun 
Published: November 2019

Objectives The relationship between the A240T polymorphism in the angiotensin-converting enzyme ( ACE) gene and cancer risk remains controversial. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis of relevant studies from the published literature. Methods We comprehensively searched available databases to identify eligible studies on the relationship of ACE A240T polymorphism with cancer risk. We calculated pooled odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) and then evaluated heterogeneity and publication bias. Results Eight case-control studies were identified from five articles. Results showed that the ACE A240T polymorphism was related to cancer risk (AT vs AA: OR 2.14, 95% CI: 1.51–3.04; TT vs AA: OR 1.07, 95% CI: 0.90–1.27; recessive model: OR 0.48, 95% CI: 0.31–0.77; dominant model: OR 2.13, 95% CI: 1.54–2.97). The same conclusion was made for subgroup analysis by race or cancer type. In the subgroup analysis by quality score assessment, the ACE A240T polymorphism contributed to cancer risk in high-quality studies but not in low-quality studies. Conclusion The A240T polymorphism in the ACE gene might be related to the risk of cancer. Nevertheless, large-scale studies should be performed to obtain convincing evidence on the roles of ACE A240T polymorphism on cancer risk.
Clinical Utility of the Limited Prosocial Emotions Specifier in the Childhood-Onset Subtype of Conduct Disorder
Authors: Déry Michèle , Bégin Vincent , Toupin Jean , Temcheff Caroline 
Published: November 2019

Objective: Clinicians may specify the diagnosis of conduct disorder (CD) as “with limited prosocial emotions” (LPE). This specifier is thought to identify youths with particularly severe and stable symptomatology. However, few studies have examined the clinical usefulness of the LPE specifier among children with childhood-onset CD. The current study examines whether the LPE specifier distinguishes children with particularly severe and persistent symptoms among those with childhood-onset CD. The study also aims to test whether the LPE specifier aids in identifying children with subclinical CD whose conduct problems are at risk of increasing. Method: Two hundred sixty-four children showing at least one CD symptom before age 10 were divided based on the presence of CD and the specifier. Children with and without the specifier were compared on number of CD symptoms (assessed at study inception) and trajectory of conduct problems (assessed over 4 years). The analyses controlled for oppositional defiant and attention deficit hyperactivity symptomatology. Results: Compared with children with CD but without LPE, children with CD and the LPE specifier did not differ on likelihood of endorsing most symptoms nor on total numbers of symptoms. Moreover, they did not show a more stable pattern of conduct problems across the 4 years. Children with subclinical CD with and without the LPE specifier were also similar in terms of their symptoms, severity, and evolution of their problems. Conclusions: Among youths with childhood-onset CD, the specifier appears to offer limited value in identifying those with particularly severe and stable CD symptomatology.
The Role of Pharmacists in Managing Adverse Events Related to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy
Authors: Medina Patrick , Jeffers Kate D. , Trinh Van A. , Harvey R. Donald 
Published: November 2019

Objective: To provide an overview of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy-associated immune-related adverse events (irAEs) and their management, focusing on the key responsibilities for pharmacists in recognizing, distinguishing, and treating irAEs and in educating patients about irAEs and their management. Data Sources: Literature published from January 2000 to March 2018 available from online sources. Study Selection and Data Extraction: Relevant English-language studies, guidelines, and articles. Data Synthesis: ICI therapies have been approved for the treatment of several cancers as single-agent therapies, combined ICI therapies, or in combination with other agents. ICI therapies increase the activity of the immune system and consequently can have autoimmune-like adverse effects that are often termed irAEs. irAE management can be challenging as irAEs can vary in their frequency and severity among patients, according to the specific agent, and can occur at any time during treatment or after therapy discontinuation. Additionally, for patients treated with ICI therapies in combination with other therapies, ICI-associated irAEs must be distinguished from adverse events associated with chemotherapy or targeted therapies, which often require different management. Pharmacists can provide essential support to diagnose and manage irAEs. Relevance to Patient Care and Clinical Practice: Early and accurate diagnosis and prompt management of irAEs by pharmacists are critical to reduce the risk of severe or life-threatening complications and prevent premature ICI discontinuation. Conclusions: Pharmacists have a key role in the recognition, monitoring, and management of irAEs and in educating patients about irAEs associated with ICI therapies and the agents used to manage them.
Predictors of predominant Lupus Low Disease Activity State (LLDAS-50)
Authors: Babaoglu H , Li J , Goldman D , Magder L S , Petri M 
Published: November 2019

Aim The Lupus Low Disease Activity State (LLDAS) is a potential treat to target goal in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). SLE patients in LLDAS for more than half of the observation time have about a 50% lower risk of new organ damage and have reduced mortality. We identified predictors of being in LLDAS ≥50% of the observation time. Methods A total of 2228 SLE patients who had at least three clinical visits were included. Percentage of time in LLDAS was calculated based on the proportion of days under observation. LLDAS-50 was defined as being in LLDAS for ≥50% of the observation time. We used the stepwise selection procedure in logistic regression to identify predictors of LLDAS-50. Results A total of 1169 (52.5%) SLE patients, but only 37.6% of African Americans, achieved LLDAS-50. In the multivariable model, African American ethnicity, hypocomplementemia, serositis, renal activity, arthritis, anti-RNP, anti-dsDNA, vasculitis, malar rash, discoid rash, thrombocytopenia, and immunosuppressive use were negative predictors of LLDAS-50. Older age at diagnosis, longer disease duration, higher education level, and greater percentage of time taking hydroxychloroquine remained positive predictors of LLDAS-50. Conclusion In this large cohort, only 52.5% achieved LLDAS-50. This proportion was even less in African Americans. A higher percentage of time taking hydroxychloroquine was a modifiable positive predictor of LLDAS-50. Anti-RNP, anti-dsDNA, and low complement were negatively associated with LLDAS-50. Our findings further emphasize the importance of inclusion of African Americans in clinical trials and hydroxychloroquine adherence in both clinical practice and clinical trials.
Speech perception, real-ear measurements and self-perceived hearing impairment after remote and face-to-face programming of hearing aids: A randomized single-blind agreement study
Authors: Venail Frederic , Picot Marie C , Marin Gregory , Falinower Sylvain , Samson Jacques , Cizeron Gilles , Balcon Maxime , Blanc Denis , Bricaud Jeremy , Lorenzi Antoine , Ceccato Jean-Charles , Puel Jean-Luc 
Published: November 2019

Introduction Current literature does not provide strong evidence that remote programming of hearing aids is effective, despite its increasing use by audiologists. We tested speech perception outcomes, real-ear insertion gain, and changes in self-perceived hearing impairment after face-to-face and remote programming of hearing aids in a randomized multicentre, single-blind crossover study. Methods Adult experienced hearing aid users were enrolled during routine follow-up visits to audiology clinics. Hearing aids were programmed both face to face and remotely, then participants randomly received either the face-to-face or remote settings in a blinded manner and were evaluated 5 weeks later. Participants then received the other settings and were evaluated 5 weeks later. Results Data from 52 out of 60 participants were analysed. We found excellent concordance in performance of hearing aids programmed face to face and remotely for speech understanding in quiet (phonetically balanced kindergarten test – intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.92 (95% confidence interval: 0.87–0.95)), and good concordance in performance for speech understanding in noise (phonetically balanced kindergarten +5 dB signal-to-noise ratio – intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.71 (95% confidence interval: 0.55–0.82)). Face-to-face and remote programming took 10 minutes (±2.9) and 10 minutes (±2.8), respectively. Real-ear insertion gains were highly correlated for input sound at 50, 65 and 80 dB sound pressure levels. The programming type did not affect the abbreviated profile of hearing aid questionnaire scores. Conclusions In experienced hearing aid users, face-to-face and remote programming of hearing aids give similar results in terms of speech perception, with no increase in the time spent on patients’ care and no difference in self-reported hearing benefit. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT02589561
How to Validate Data Quality in a Trauma Registry? The Helsinki Trauma Registry Internal Audit
Authors: Heinänen M. , Brinck T. , Lefering R. , Handolin L. , Söderlund T. 
Published: November 2019

Background and Aims: Trauma registry data are used for analyzing and improving patient care, comparison of different units, and for research and administrative purposes. Data should therefore be reliable. The aim of this study was to audit the quality of the Helsinki Trauma Registry internally. We describe how to conduct a validation of a regional or national trauma registry and how to report the results in a readily comprehensible form. Materials and Methods: Trauma registry database of Helsinki Trauma Registry from year 2013 was re-evaluated. We assessed data quality in three different parts of the data input process: the process of including patients in the trauma registry (case completeness); the process of calculating Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) codes; and entering the patient variables in the trauma registry (data completeness, accuracy, and correctness). We calculated the case completeness results using raw agreement percentage and Cohen’s κ value. Percentage and descriptive methods were used for the remaining calculations. Results: In total, 862 patients were evaluated; 853 were rated the same in the audit process resulting in a raw agreement percentage of 99%. Nine cases were missing from the registry, yielding a case completeness of 97.1% for the Helsinki Trauma Registry. For AIS code data, we analyzed 107 patients with severe thorax injury with 941 AIS codes. Completeness of codes was 99.0% (932/941), accuracy was 90.0% (841/932), and correctness was 97.5% (909/932). The data completeness of patient variables was 93.4% (3899/4174). Data completeness was 100% for 16 of 32 categories. Data accuracy was 94.6% (3690/3899) and data correctness was 97.2% (3789/3899). Conclusion: The case completeness, data completeness, data accuracy, and data correctness of the Helsinki Trauma Registry are excellent. We recommend that these should be the variables included in a trauma registry validation process, and that the quality of trauma registry data should be systematically and regularly reviewed and reported.
Improving satisfaction with postoperative pain management for patients with persistent pain: a preoperative pain medicine consultation intervention
Authors: Mazer Laura S , Lovett Pamela J , Miller Joanne M , Pitruzzello Nancy E , Boone Margaret K , Irizarry Alvarado Joan M 
Published: November 2019

Purpose Preoperative pain medicine consultations with opioid-tolerant patients allow for an accurate medication history, patient involvement in the postoperative plan, and realistic goal setting. The purpose of this quality improvement project was to increase attendance at preoperative pain consultations, thereby increasing patient satisfaction. Methods Retrospective chart reviews identified patients who had a preoperative pain consultation ordered from May through July 2016. Patient interviews determined reasons for not attending appointments, involvement in goal setting, engagement in pain management planning, and satisfaction with postoperative pain management. Results Retrospective chart reviews and interviews were conducted after the intervention (May–July 2017). Scheduling changes increased attendance at preoperative pain consultations by 14 percentage points (50% vs 64%). Those who attended consultations were more involved in goal setting and decisions and were more satisfied. Conclusions Preoperative pain consultations with opioid-tolerant patients can increase satisfaction through realistic goal setting and involvement in the pain management plan.
Mass spectrometry-based metabolomics for irritable bowel syndrome biomarkers
Authors: Yu Qihong , Liu Xinru , Huang Haojie , Zheng Xingfeng , Pan Xue , Fang Junwei , Meng Liyuan , Zhou Chunhua , Zhang Xiaocui , Li Zhaoshen , Zou Duowu 
Published: November 2019

Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common gastrointestinal disorder without obvious structural abnormalities or consistent associated biomarkers, making its diagnosis difficult. In the present study, we used a urine-based metabolomics approach to identify IBS biomarkers. Methods: We used an ultra-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS) on urine samples from patients suffering from IBS and healthy controls. Data were coupled for multivariate statistical analysis methods. Results: We selected 30 differential metabolites associated with IBS and found steroid hormone biosynthesis and histidine metabolism alterations in patients with IBS that may be involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. In addition, we identified a panel of five metabolite markers composed of cortisone, citric acid, tiglylcarnitine, N6,-N6,-N6-trimethyl-L-lysine and L-histidine that could be used to discriminate between patients and healthy controls and may be appropriate as IBS diagnosis biomarkers. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that metabolomics combined with pattern recognition can be useful to identify disease diagnostic IBS markers. Clinical trial registration: ChiCTR1800020072
A Simulation Study to Assess the Effect of Analytic Error on Neonatal Glucose Measurements Using the Canadian Pediatric Society Position Statement Action Thresholds
Authors: Inman Mark , Parker Kayla , Strueby Lannae , Lyon Andrew W. , Lyon Martha E. 
Published: November 2019

Background: The Canadian Pediatric Society (CPS) has endorsed an algorithm for the screening and immediate management of babies at risk of neonatal hypoglycemia that provides time-dependent glucose concentration action thresholds. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of glucose analytic error (bias and imprecision) on the misclassification of glucose meter results from a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) using the CPS guidelines. Methods: A simulation dataset of true glucose values ( N = 100 000) was derived by finite mixture model analysis of NICU glucose data ( N = 23 749). Bias and imprecision were added to create measured glucose values. The percentages of measured glucose values that were misclassified at CPS action thresholds were determined by Monte Carlo simulation. Results: Measurement biases ranging from −20 to +20 mg/dL combined with coefficients of variation 0% to 20% were evaluated to predict misclassification rates at 32, 36, and 47 mg/dL. The models demonstrated low risk of false normoglycemia—at 5% CV and +10 mg/dL bias: 0.8% to 5% misclassification at the 32 and 47 mg/dL thresholds due to bias. The models demonstrated risk of false hypoglycemia—at 5% CV and −10 mg/dL bias: 3% to 12.5% misclassification at 32 and 47 mg/dL thresholds due to both bias and imprecision. Conclusion: Using CPS action thresholds, the simulation model predicted the proportion of neonates at risk of inappropriate clinical action—both of omission or “failure to treat” and commission or “overtreatment” in response to NICU glucose meter results at specific bias and imprecision values.