bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Massage Before or After Exercise on Delayed-onset Muscle Soreness in a Rat Model
Authors: Wei Qing-bo , Zhao Qian , Gu Jialing , Lin Jia , Zhu Yan , Song Ziqi , Li Fenglei 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background. Delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS), also known as tenderness of touch, refers to the pain caused by muscle mechanical stimulation, such as contraction and stretching. Chinese massage has been widely used in the treatment of sports fatigue and sports injury, but there is controversy in the efficacy. In this experiment, we established DOMS model in rats to observe the prevention and treatment effect of massage, to find the best time for intervention, and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of exercise fatigue.Methods. 130 male SD(sprague-dawley, SD) healthy rats were randomly divided into blank group, control group and massage group. Except for blank group, the other rats received DOMS model. Professionals applied kneading and twisting methods on both lower limbs of rats. The expression of IL-2, IL-6 and IL-8 in skeletal muscle of rats were determined by western blot, PCR and ELISA, and the content of serum creatine kinase was determined by ELISA. In addition, we measured the concentration of Ca2+, Ca2+-ATPase in mitochondria of skeletal muscle. The changes of skeletal muscle structure were observed by scanning electron microscopy.Result. After massage, the expression of IL-2, IL-6, IL-8 and CK decreased compared with control group (P < 0.01), the expression of IL-2, IL-6 and IL-8 in post massage group was lower than that in front massage group (P < 0.01), and the content of CK in front massage group was lower than that in post massage group(P < 0.01). The content of Ca2+ in front massage 24, 48 and 72h group was lower than that in post massage (P < 0.01), the concentration of Ca2+-ATPase in front massage 24h and 72h group was lower than that in post massage group (P < 0.05).Conclusion. Massage can prevent the injury of muscle and reduce the inflammatory reaction of muscle after exercise. It can also improve the activity of Ca2+-ATPase, enhance the transport of Ca2+ by mitochondria and protect the skeletal muscle.
Chronic Kidney Diseases Among Homeless and Slum Dwellers in Accra: A Survey Study
Authors: Bawah Ahmed Tijani , Edufia Foster , Yussif Fatima Nasara , Adu Anastasia , Seini Mohammed Mustapha , Yakubu Yakubu A , Ussher Francis Abeku 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Objective: This study aimed at determining the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) among homeless people in Nima and Agbogbloshie, Accra, Ghana and to evaluate the association between socio‑demographic characteristics and CKD. Results: Participants with normal serum creatinine (SCr), made up of 232 males and 280 females totaling 512 took part in the study. Those with normal glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were 86% and 84.6% by means of the C-G and MDRD equations respectively. According to the C-G formula, kidney damage and mild to severe renal insufficiency was found in 13.2% of the participants and 4 participants (0.8%) had renal failure. On the other hand, 15.4% of the participants were found to have some kidney damage and mild to severe renal insufficiency according to the MDRD formula with no participant suffering from kidney failure. The prevalence of renal dysfunction among the homeless Ghanaians was significant especially among those with hypertension, diabetes and human immunodeficiency syndrome virus (HIV) infection. . Intensive social support aimed at preventing and managing kidney disease is crucial if we are to reduce the incidence of kidney related illnesses in homeless people.
Factors Influencing in Early Childbearing and Its Consequences on Nutritional Status of Bangladeshi Mothers: Nationally Representative Data
Authors: Sumon Khirujjaman , Sayem Md. Abu , Ma Abu Sayed Md Al , Bharati Premananda , Chakrabarty Suman , Taleb Md. Abu , Hossain Md. Golam 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Early marriage and early pregnancy is a social as well as medical problem in developing countries, which may have an impact on health and nutritional status of teenage mothers. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the influencing factors of early childbearing (ECB) and its consequences on nutritional status of Bangladeshi mothers. Methods: Data was extracted from the last survey of Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS-2014). Women who delivered their first baby before their age 20 years are considered as ECB mothers. Nutritional status was measured by body mass index (BMI) which was categorized as (i) under nutrition (BMI<18.5 kg/m2), (ii) normal (18.5≤BMI<25 kg/m2) and (iii) over nutrition BMI≥25 kg/m2). Chi-square test and both univariable and multivariable logistic regressions, and z-proportional test were used in this study. Results: This study revealed that the prevalence of ECB among currently non-pregnant mothers in Bangladesh was 83% (urban: 77% and rural: 85.8%). A multivariable binary logistic regression model provided the following six risk factors of ECB: (i) living location (division), (ii) respondents’ education, (iii) husbands’ education, (iv) household wealth quintiles, (v) respondents’ age at first marriage, and (vi) number of family members. Still 17.6% mothers were undernourished in Bangladesh; among them 18.5% and 13.4% were ECB and non- ECB mothers respectively, while 25.5% mothers were over nourished. Univariable model demonstrated that ECB mothers had a greater risk to be undernourished than non-ECB mothers [COR=1.26, 95% CI: 1.11-1.43; p<0.01]. Conclusions: In this study, some modifiable factors were found as predictors of ECB in Bangladesh. ECB mothers were more prone to become under-nourished. These findings can be considered to reduce the number of ECB mothers in Bangladesh consequently to improve their nutritional status.
Climate change has increased genotype-environment interactions in wheat breeding
Authors: Xiong Wei , Reynolds Matthew , Crossa Jose , Payne Thomas , Schulthess Urs , Sonder Kai , Addimando Nicoletta , Singh Ravi , Ammar Karim , Gerard Bruno 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) develops and distributes annually elite wheat lines as international trials worldwide to assess their performance in different environments and utilization by partners for use in breeding or release as varieties. However, as elsewhere, the collaborator test sites where trials are evaluated have experienced climate change, with implications for how adapted wheat genotypes are bred. Using a standard quantitative genetic model and archived datasets for four global spring wheat trials, we show that the genotype-environment-interaction (GEI) has increased by up to 500% over recent decades. Notably crossover has increased over time, a critical indicator of changes in the ranking of cultivar performance in different environments. Climatic factors explain over 70% of the year-to-year variability in GEI and crossover interactions for yield. Examining yield responses of all genotypes in all trial environments from 1985 to 2017 reveals that climate change has increased GEI by ~ 49% and ranking change by ~38%. Genetic improvement of wheat targeted to high-yielding environments has exacerbated this increase, but the performance of new wheat germplasm developed to withstand heat and drought stress is more adapted and stable, offsetting the increase in ranking changes due to the warmer climate.
Prophylactic Gastrostomy in Locally Advanced Head and Neck Cancer: Results of A National Survey Among Radiation Oncologists
Authors: Dragan Tatiana , Duprez Fréderic , Gossum André Van , Gulyban Akos , Beauvois Sylvie , Digonnet Antoine , Lalami Yassine , Gestel Dirk Van 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Nutritional complications in patients with locally advanced head and neck cancer (LA-HNC) treated by concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) often lead to placement of a prophylactic gastrostomy (PG) tube, while indication lacks harmonization. Our aim was to explore the current PG tube utilization among Belgian radiation oncology centers.Methods: A survey was distributed to all 24 Belgian Radiation oncology departments, with questions about the number of patient treated per year, whether the PG indication is discussed at the multidisciplinary board, placement technique, time of starting nutrition and removal, its impact on swallowing function and importance of clinical factors. For the latter Relative Importance and Discordance Indexes were calculated to describe the ranking and agreement.Results: All 24 center submitted the questionnaire. Twenty three treat more than 20 head and neck (HNC) patients per year, while four (1 in 21-50; 3 in 51-100) are not discussing the gastrostomy tube indication at the multidisciplinary board. For the latter, endoscopic placement (68%) is the dominant technique, followed by the radiologic (16%) and laparoscopic (16%) methods. Seventy-five percent start the enteral nutrition when clinically indicated, 17% immediately and 8% from the start of radiotherapy. Majority of specialists (19/24) keep the gastrostomy tube until the patient assume an adequate oral feeding. Fifteen centres are considering PG decrease swallowing function. Regarding factors and their importance in the decision for the PG, foreseen irradiated volume reached highest importance, followed by ‘anatomical site’, ‘patients’ choice’ and ‘postoperative versus definitive’ and ‘local expertise’, with decreasing importance respectively. Disagreement indexes showed moderate variation.Conclusions: The use of a PG tube for LAHNC patients treated by CCRT shows disparity at national level. Prospective studies are needed to ensure proper indication of this supportive measure.
A Bronchoscopic Steam Thermal Ablation (BTVA) Case Report in A 85-Year-Old Male Clinically Compromised
Authors: Marchese Roberto , Scaduto Federica , Nigro Chiara Lo 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Bronchoscopic lung volume reduction (BLVR) techniques improve lung function and increase exercise tolerance in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and BLVR treatment is included in the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) treatment guidelines for these patients. BTVA (Intervapor Uptake Medical, Tustin, CA, USA) represents a recent therapy of this group that allows to treat sublobar areas and for this reason is used clinically compromised patients, like in this case report.Case presentation: In this paper we describe a case report of an 85-year-old male with severe respiratory failure and a diagnosis of emphysema presented with dyspnea and clinical worsening, despite the best medical therapy practiced. For comorbidity and pathology’s features he was excluded from surgical treatment options, like lung volume reduction surgical (LVRS) and from positioning of endobronchial valves (EBV) for the presence of collateral ventilation and he was addressed to BTVA. The procedure was successful for this patient.Conclusions: This case supports recent suggestions that BTVA can be a good alternative treatment for patients properly selected.
Effect of Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Therapy on the Development and Progression of Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Jeng Chi-Juei , Hsieh Yi-Ting , Lin Cheng-Li , Wang I-Jong 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background:We investigated whether antiplatelet/anticoagulant (APAC) therapy can protect patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) from the development or progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR).Methods:This is a prospective cohort study using Longitudinal Health Insurance Database in Taiwan. A total of 73964 type 2 diabetic patients ≥ 20 years old were included. The cumulative incidence of nonproliferative DR (NPDR) was estimated and plotted for APAC users and nonusers using Kaplan–Meier curves, and the difference was assessed using the log-rank test. Incidence of NPDR, proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), and diabetic macular edema (DME) were calculated by dividing the number of NPDR, PDR, and DME events by the total person-years for each group. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to assess the effect as hazard ratios (HRs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs), with APAC use considered as a time-dependent covariate. Factors significant in the univariate model were adjusted in a multivariable model, namely, age; sex; comorbidities of hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetic nephropathy, diabetic neuropathy, heart disease, cardiovascular disease, and peripheral arteriolar disease; and medications such as statins and fibrates. Results:Compared with nonusers, APAC users also had a lower cumulative incidence of NPDR (P < 0.001), overall incidence of NPDR (10.7 per 1000 person-years), and risk of developing NPDR (adjusted HR = 0.78, 95% CI = 0.73–0.83). However, no significant differences were observed between APAC users and nonusers in the risks of PDR or DME.Conclusion:APAC medicationshave a protective effect against NPDR but not against PDR or DME.
Evaluation of Changes in the Ganglionic Cell Inner Plexiform Layer and Macular Retinal Nerve Fibre Layer in Patients Receiving Hydroxychloroquine
Authors: Saad Mouna Al , Shehadeh Amin , Ameerh Mohammed A. Abu , Meqbil Jehad , Qablawi Mohammad , AlRyalat Saif Al Deen , Elubous Khaled 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Backgrounds: To evaluate changes in the thickness of ganglionic cell-inner plexiform layer and macular retinal nerve fiber layer using ocular coherence tomographyin patients exposed to hydroxychloroquine .Methods: This was a retrospective, cross-sectional study of patients on hydroxychloroquine therapy. Ocular coherence tomography images showing of ganglionic cell-inner plexiform cell layer and macular retinal nerve fiber layer thickness were obtained and compared to those of the control groups. The relationship between the thickness of of ganglionic cell-inner plexiform and macular retinal nerve fibre layer and the duration and cumulative dose of hydroxychloroquine was evaluated.Results: In all, 219 patients were included in this study; the mean age was 43.38 (±17.39) years. The study group comprised 100 (20 male and 80 female) patients, with a mean age of 45.28 (± 12.24) years; the control group had 119 patients (44 males and 75 females), with a mean age of 41.79 (± 20.67) years, with no significant difference in age between the groups (p = 0.123). There was a significant difference in mean of ganglionic cell-inner plexiform thickness between the study and control groups (85.6+/- 8 μm ) vs. (88.6+/-6 μm ) (p = 0.006), with a mean difference of 0.31 (95% confidence interval). The average RNFL thickness was similar in the study and control groups, 28.8±2.5 μm (range: 23 – 38) and 29.2±2.8 μm (range: 22 – 35) respectively, (p = 0.389). There was no significant correlation between of ganglionic cell-inner plexiform and macular retinal nerve fibre layer with daily dose (p = 0.229) or cumulative dose of hydroxychloroquine (p = 0.678). Conclusion : The average thickness of ganglionic cell -inner plexiform cell layer was significantly lower in those taking hydroxychloroquine than in controls. Thinning of this layer could be an early indicator of retinal toxicity before the appearance of clinical retinopathy. However, thickness of the macular retinal nerve fibre laye showed no decrease in hydroxychloroquine users and did not correlate with the duration or cumulative doses of hydroxychloroquine. Therefore, macular retinal nerve fibre layer thickness is not a useful biomarker for the early detection of hydroxychloroquine retinal toxicity.
Quantitative Analysis of Colistin-Resistant Escherichia Coli in Retail Meat from Local Vietnamese Markets
Authors: Nguyen Thang Nam , Khong Diep Thi , Le Ha Viet , Tran Hoa Thi , Phan Quang Ngoc , Le Huong Thi Thu , Kawahara Ryuji , Yamamoto Yoshimasa 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Objective: The spread of drug-resistant bacteria via food has contributed to the dissemination of resistant bacteria among humans. However, the status of food contamination with resistant bacteria, particularly the level of resistant bacteria in food, have not yet been well elucidated.Results: In this study, the abundance of colistin-resistant Escherichia coli in meat samples was quantified to understand the origin of the contamination of meat available in local Vietnamese markets. Fifteen samples each of chicken and pork meat purchased from local Vietnamese markets were assessed for the presence of colistin-resistant E. coli with the mobile colistin resistance gene mcr. The results showed that 40% (6/15) and 66% (10/15) of the pork and chicken meat samples, respectively, were contaminated with colistin-resistant E. coli. The median levels of colistin-resistant E. coli in the contaminated pork and chicken samples were 1.8 × 104 and 4.2 × 103 CFU/g, respectively. The results of phylogenetic analysis of isolates from a chicken meat sample showed that the contaminated colistin-resistant E. coli were a mix of multiple phylogenetical clones of bacteria that may have multiplied during sale. This is the first study to quantify the abundance of colistin-resistant E. coli in meat samples.
Research, Development, and Evaluation of Application Effect of the in-out Storage Management System for Department Consumables
Authors: Luo Jiang , Zhao Fengying , Wang Yan , Zhang Yongze , Yan XiaoFang , Huang XiaoTing 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: This study aimed to explore the research and development (R&D) and application of the in–out storage management system for departments to perform efficient, scientific, and information-based consumable management.Method: The expert and R&D teams of consumable management were set up, and the information-based in–out storage management system for consumables was designed and developed. Further, the system was tested, adjusted, and used. The system was operated on a personal computer. It was divided into three modules: public consumables, bed consumables, and quality control management, including the functions of in–out storage, early warning, query, and statistics of consumables. Economic indicators, work efficiency of consumable management, nurse burnout, consumable warehouse management, and satisfaction of the staff before and after the application of the management system were compared.Results: After 2 years of application of the management system, the daily price of department consumables per bed decreased from 53.43 ± 10.27 yuan to 31.98 ± 7.36 yuan, a decrease of 40.15%, saving the management cost of the department. The time spent on consumable management daily was shortened from 119.5 (106.75–123.5) min to 20 (17.25–24.25) min. The monitoring and control of the department consumables revealed that the matching between collection and use reached 95%–105%. The scores of emotional fatigue and job indifference of nurses decreased from 22.90 ± 1.65 and 8.75 ± 1.25 to 17.20 ± 2.04 and 6.00 ± 1.30, respectively. The number of monthly applications for consumable collection decreased by 75%, and the satisfaction of the warehouse keeper and collection staff increased from 76.62% and 80.78% to 98.8% and 98.5%, respectively. All the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05).Conclusion: The in–out storage management system effectively improved the quality and efficiency of the consumable management of the department and promoted its scientific and standardized operation gradually.
Priority Setting in The Brazilian Emergency&nbsp;Medical Service: A Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis&nbsp;(MCDA)
Authors: Frazão Talita Dias Chagas , Santos Ana FA , Camilo Deyse GG , Junior João FC , Souza Ricardo Pires 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Multicriteria Decision Analysis is a tool capable of supporting decisions with multiple criteria. Notwithstanding its con rmed value in the health area; so far, no studies have been found to help prioritize victims in the Emergency Medical Service, EMS. Since decision making within EMS involves multiple criteria, it is essential to nd techniques and tools that encompass such elements, as to reduce errors. As to address this gap, the current research developed a multicriteria decision model to help prioritizing victims in the Brazilian EMS, which are still managed as a manual task. Methods: To reach such endeavour, it was formed an expert panel and a discussion group, tasked to de ne the limits of the problem, and to identify the evaluation criteria for choosing a victim, amongst four alternatives derived from clinical and traumatic diseases scenarios of absolute priority in emergency situations occurrences. For prioritization, an additive mathematical method was utilized, aggregating criteria in a exible and interactive version - FiTradeoff. Results: The present work contributed to victims' prioritization by using the multicriteria decision support methodology which led to the identi cation of twenty- ve evaluation criteria to guide the decision. It was noted that the protocols to guide regulating physicians do not consider all the criteria for prioritizing victims in an environment of resource scarcity. In the prioritization simulation composed of four demanding victims and only one available ambulance, the proposed model supported the decision by suggesting the prioritization of Victim 2. Conclusions: From the identi ed improvement points, the developed decision model was able to improve the regulatory action of medical professionals. The elicitation procedure enabled the identi cation of criteria that, albeit well known, were not formalized by the current guidance protocols, which could contribute to contradictions and conicts across the decision chain. Last, but not least, the proposed model could support decision making under the guarantee of a rational and transparent decision-making process that could be applied in other EMS.
Clinical Risk Score for Central Precocious Puberty Among Girls with Precocious Pubertal Development: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: You Jingyu , Cheng Xianying , Li Xiaojing , Li Mingqin , Yao Li , Luo Feihong , Cheng Ruoqian , Xi Li , Ye Jiangfeng 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background The gold standard for the diagnosis of central precocious puberty (CPP) is gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) or GnRH analogs (GnRHa) stimulation test. But the stimulation test is time-consuming and costly. Our objective was to develop a risk score model with readily available features.Methods A cross sectional study based on the electronic medical record system including 627 girls with precocious puberty were conducted in the Children’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China from January 2010 to August 2016. Patients were randomly split into the training (n=314) and validation (n=313) sample. In the training sample, variables associated with CPP (P<0.2) in univariate analyses were introduced in a multivariable logistic regression model and selected using a forward stepwise analysis. A risk score model was built with the scaled coefficients of the model and tested in the validation sample.Results CPP was diagnosed in 54.8% (172/314) and 55.0% (172/313) of patients in the training and validation sample respectively. The CPP risk score model included variables of age at onset of puberty, basal luteinizing hormone (LH) concentration, largest ovarian volume, and uterine volume. The C-index was 0.85 (95% CI: 0.81-0.89) for the training sample and 0.86 (95% CI: 0.82-0.90) for the validation sample. Two cut-off points were selected to delimitate a low- (<10 points), median- (10-19 points), and high-risk (≥ 20 points) group. Conclusions A risk score model developed among girls with precocious pubertal development had moderate discrimination to stratify CPP risk, which could help make decisions on the need for GnRH (GnRHa) stimulation test.