bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accelerating Use of Self-measured Blood Pressure Monitoring (SMBP) Through Clinical-Community Care Models
Authors: Meador Margaret , Hannan Judy , Roy Debosree , Whelihan Kate , Sasu Nana , Hodge Heather , Lewis Joy H. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSelf-measured blood pressure monitoring (SMBP), the regular measurement of blood pressure by a patient outside the clinical setting, plus additional support, is a proven, cost-effective but underutilized strategy to improve hypertension outcomes. To accelerate SMBP use, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) funded the National Association of Community Health Centers, the YMCA of the USA, and Association of State and Territorial Health Officials to develop cross-sector care models to offer SMBP to patients with hypertension. The project aimed to increase the use of SMBP through the coordinated action of health department leaders, community organizations and clinical providers. From 1/31/2017 to 6/30/2018, nine health centers in Kentucky, Missouri, and New York partnered with seven local Y associations (local Y) and their local health departments to design and implement care models that adapted existing primary care SMBP practices by leveraging capacities and resources in community and public health organizations. Nine collaborative care models emerged, shaped by available community assets, strategic priorities, and organizational culture. Overall, 1421 patients were recommended for SMBP; of those, 795 completed at least one cycle of SMBP (BP measurements morning and evening for at least three consecutive days). Of those recommended for SMBP, 308 patients were referred to a local Y to receive additional SMBP and healthy lifestyle support. Community and public health organizations can be brought into the health care delivery process and can play valuable roles in supporting patients in SMBP.
Local-foreign technology interface, resource-based development, and industrial policy: how Chile and Malaysia are escaping the middle-income trap
Authors: Lebdioui Amir , Lee Keun , Pietrobelli Carlo 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis paper starts by showing that Chile and Malaysia are on the path of escaping the middle-income trap in terms of their income level relative to that of the USA. In contrast to the conventional view, we find that the leading export sectors are not manufacturing (such as electronics) in Malaysia or mining alone in Chile. Instead, the engines of growth have been (1) resource-based sectors (petroleum, rubber and palm oil) in Malaysia; and (2) non-mining resource-based sectors (salmon, fruits, wine and wood-based) in Chile. Furthermore, the sustained growth of these sectors is not the result of free-markets, as frequently argued, but also of specific industrial policy measures, that have enabled the accumulation of productive and innovation capabilities through R&D support, fiscal incentives, export assistance, and quality control. We also find that the emergence of locally-controlled firms has been an important aspect of this long-term success, although the sources of the initial learning included foreign actors and FDI. The cases of Chile and Malaysia consequently show the possibility of escaping the middle-income trap not through manufacturing but instead through resource-based development. Such strategy differs from the so-called short cycle technology-based catch-up by the East Asian tigers and from the unsustainable commodity rent-extraction in resource-rich countries, but is consistent with the view that emphasizes the need to specialize in sectors with low entry barriers, and to promote investments in innovation and technological capabilities.
Lessons Learned on Recruiting and Retaining Young Fathers in a Parenting and Repeat Pregnancy Prevention Program
Authors: McGirr Sara , Torres Jennifer , Heany Julia , Brandon Hillary , Tarry Carrie , Robinson Christopher 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Introduction
Research shows that mainstream parenting and repeat pregnancy prevention programs generally do not effectively engage with fathers and that young men’s levels of participation in such services are low. To support practitioners in overcoming the barriers to recruiting and retaining young fathers, the current study aimed to gather lessons learned from one program’s state administrators, case managers, and young fathers about the most effective strategies for engaging this population in intensive case management.

Methods
Three focus groups were conducted. One focus group was held with the creators and managers of the Michigan Adolescent Pregnancy and Parenting Program MI-APPP at the state Department of Health and Human Services (n = 3). The other two groups were designed to jointly engage young fathers currently involved in intensive case management (n = 11) and their case managers (n = 5). A qualitative analysis of the focus group transcripts was conducted using a coding scheme developed from emerging themes in the transcripts and related literature.

Results
The findings highlight a selection of those strategies that focus group participants perceived to be most successful in improving male recruitment and retention in intensive ongoing case management. Among these strategies were centralizing feedback from young fathers in program decision making, offering opportunities for young fathers to connect, and challenging staff’s negative stereotypes about young fathers.

Discussion
Despite the small sample size, the results of this study nevertheless contribute to debates in the field regarding appropriate strategies for engaging young fathers by informing professional practice.
Leaf litter quality coupled to Salix variety drives litter decomposition more than stand diversity or climate
Authors: Hoeber Stefanie , Fransson Petra , Weih Martin , Manzoni Stefano 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Aims
Decomposition of leaf litter is influenced by litter quality as determined by plant genotype and environment, as well as climate and soil properties. We studied these drivers of decomposition in communities of Salix varieties, hypothesizing that decomposition rates would increase under warmer climate, in more diverse communities, and with increasing litter quality of the individual varieties.

Methods
Litter from four Salix varieties was incubated in three field trials across a latitudinal gradient from Central to Northern Europe. Litter and stand properties were measured and used as predictors of decomposition.

Results
No significant site differences in remaining mass or nitrogen were found. Instead, effects of initial leaf litter quality on decomposition were stronger than climatic effects. Litter quality of individual varieties strongly affected decomposition, while increasing litter diversity did not.

Conclusions
Decomposition was controlled by variety identity depending on site, indicating that local soil conditions affect litter quality (and thus decomposition) more than macroclimate. In mixed communities, varieties producing fast-decomposing litter enhanced the litter decomposition of other components producing slow-decomposing litter, and vice versa. This implies that site conditions partly determine which varieties affect community-level decomposition and nutrient release.
Binding Behavior of Carbonmonoxide to Gold Atoms on Ag(001)
Authors: Kuhness David , Pal Jagriti , Yang Hyun Jin , Mammen Nisha , Honkala Karoliina , Häkkinen Hannu , Schneider Wolf-Dieter , Heyde Markus , Freund Hans-Joachim 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe adsorption behavior of single CO molecules at 4 K bound to Au adatoms on a Ag(001) metal surface is studied with scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy (IETS). In contrast to earlier observations two different binding configurations are observed—one on top of a Au adatom and the other one adsorbed laterally to Au on Ag(001). Moreover, IETS reveals different low-energy vibrational energies for the two binding sites as compared to the one for a single CO molecule bound to Ag(001). Density functional theory (DFT) calculations of the adsorption energies, the diffusion barriers, and the vibrational frequencies of the CO molecule on the different binding sites rationalize the experimental findings.
Parsimonious powertrain modeling for environmental vehicle assessments: part 1—internal combustion vehicles
Authors: Geyer Roland , Malen Donald E. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Environmental assessments of efforts to reduce vehicle fuel consumption require scientifically sound and robust fuel consumption models. The purpose of this paper is to introduce a novel method and model for calculating fuel consumption.

Method
This paper presents a method of powertrain modeling that is based on driving and powertrain physics, such as a net force approach to calculate force demand at the tire patch, and the use of engine maps to model engine efficiency.

Results
The presented method provides parsimonious open-source powertrain modeling to the environmental assessment community, thus an alternative to existing approaches. The modeling results are in agreement with existing values, while the modeling method is more flexible and avoids unnecessary approximations.

Conclusions
Existing fuel consumption modeling consists of very detailed and complex powertrain simulation models, typically not available for environmental vehicle assessments, or streamlined equation-based methods that use a mix of physical laws, engineering approximations, and sometimes accounting principles. The presented modeling method and open-source model provide a valuable alternative.
Modification of Mg2Si Phase Morphology in Mg-4Si Alloy by Sb and Nd Additions
Authors: Dong Hao , Xiang Siming , Lv Jie , Wang Yu , Li Lu , Yu Wenbin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe reported the effects of compound modification with Nd and Sb on the microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of Mg-4Si alloys. The characterization results showed that adding 1.0 wt.% Sb and 1.0 wt.% Nd to the alloy can effectively change the morphology of Mg2Si particles. The primary Mg2Si particles changed from coarse dendrites to regular polygons, and the average particle size decreased from 78.3 to 6.5 μm. Meanwhile, the Chinese eutectic Mg2Si became small short fiber. The experimental results showed that the Nd4Sb3 phase could be formed after adding 1.0 wt.% Sb and 1.0 wt.% Nd to the alloy. The Nd4Sb3 phase could act as the heterogeneous nucleation core of Mg2Si phase, which increased the nucleation rate of Mg2Si and improved the morphology of Mg2Si particles. The mechanical properties test found that the tensile properties and Brinell hardness of the alloy were improved with Sb and Nd alloyed. After adding 1.0 wt.% Sb and 1.0 wt.% Nd to the alloy, the ultimate tensile strength increased from 113 to 184 MPa, the elongation increased from 2.23 to 4.61%, and the Brinell hardness increased from 65.45 to 87.32 HB.
All inclusive
Authors: Kutscher Nadia , Richter Martina 
Published: June 2020

ZusammenfassungEinführung in den Schwerpunkt; die Beiträge beleuchten verschiedene Dimensionen der gegenwärtigen Debatten um Inklusion und versuchen, die Komplexität und Verwobenheit der Diskurse und Ansätze sichtbar zu machen – ohne einfache Antworten zu geben.
Threshold harvesting as a conservation or exploitation strategy in population management
Authors: Hilker Frank M. , Liz Eduardo 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThreshold harvesting removes the surplus of a population above a set threshold and takes no harvest below the threshold. This harvesting strategy is known to prevent overexploitation while obtaining higher yields than other harvesting strategies. However, the harvest taken can vary over time, including seasons of no harvest at all. While this is undesirable in fisheries or other exploitation activities, it can be an attractive feature of management strategies where removal interventions are costly and desirable only occasionally. In the presence of population fluctuations, the issue of variable harvests and population sizes becomes even more notorious. Here, we investigate the impact of threshold harvesting on the dynamics of both population size and harvests, especially in the presence of population cycles. We take into account semelparous and iteroparous life cycles, Allee effects, observation uncertainty, and demographic as well as environmental stochasticity, using generic mathematical models in discrete time. Our results show that threshold harvesting enhances multiple forms of population stability, namely persistence, constancy, resilience, and dynamic stability. We discuss plausible choices of threshold values, depending on whether the aim is resource exploitation, pest control, or the stabilization of fluctuations.
Multi-cycle Periodic Solutions of a Differential Equation with Delay that Switches Periodically
Authors: Tosato Marco , Zhang Xue , Wu Jianhong 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe describe the behaviour of solutions of a scalar Delay Differential Equation (DDE) with delay that periodically switches between two constant values. Such an equation arises naturally from structured vector populations involved in a range of vector-borne diseases spreading in a periodically varying environment. We examine if and how the two different time lags and the switching time influence the existence and patterns of periodic solutions. We pay particular attention to the patterns involving multi-cycles within the prime period of the periodic solutions.
Evaluating petrol engine oil deterioration through oxidation and nitration parameters by low-cost IR sensor
Authors: Shinde H. M. , Bewoor A. K. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractFor the proper working of the internal combustion engine, engine oil plays a significant role. The performance of the engine is greatly affected by oil that has degenerated. In order to determine the optimal gap between oil changes, it is crucial to measure the deterioration in the engine oil. Multiple parameters like oxidation, nitration, viscosity and so on are brought into use. One of the methods used to quantify the deterioration in the engine oil is the Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The main parameters of the engine oil are distinguished by this method by utilizing Infrared (IR) absorption at different bandwidths. The two significant parameters in engine oil deterioration are oxidation and nitration. However, the limitation of the FTIR method is that it is more expensive and since it uses huge machinery, it requires a lot of area. Hence, the use of this method is not possible in the field area due to the need for space. It is this major limitation that is the motivation for proposing an inexpensive, yet handy system, using an IR sensor set up, in this paper. This system is used for measuring the transmittance of engine oil that has degenerated. For this paper, we collected random samples at various times from service stations that were specifically authorized. These samples were used in experiments based on the FTIR spectroscopy and UV spectrophotometer and the results were compared using the IR sensor setup. Investigation of the experimental results showed that monitoring oil transmittance using an IR sensor setup is possible, and a robust relationship between oxidation and nitration and the transmittance of the oil was observed. Moreover, a pattern of deterioration for a specific engine oil (SAE 5W30) which is utilized for passenger cars and light duty vehicles was also established.
Differential expression of lung adenocarcinoma transcriptome with signature of tobacco exposure
Authors: Hammouz Raneem Y. , Kostanek Joanna K. , Dudzisz Aleksandra , Witas Piotr , Orzechowska Magdalena , Bednarek Andrzej K. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSmoking accounts for almost 80–90% of lung cancer cases, which is also the most frequent cause of cancer-related deaths in humans. With over 60 carcinogens in tobacco smoke, cells dividing at the time of carcinogen exposure are at particular risk of neoplasia. The present study aimed to investigate global gene expression differences in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) tumour samples of current smokers and non-smokers, in an attempt to elucidate biological mechanisms underlying divergent smoking effects. Current and non-smoker tumour samples were analysed using bioinformatics tools, examining differences in molecular drivers of cancer initiation and progression, as well as evaluating the effect of smoking and sex on epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT). As a result, we identified 1150 differentially expressed genes showing visible differences in the expression profiles between the smoking subgroups. The genes were primarily involved in cell cycle, DNA replication, DNA repair, VEGF, GnRH, ErbB and T cell receptor signalling pathways. Our results show that smoking clearly affected E2F transcriptional activity and DNA repair pathways including mismatch repair, base excision repair and homologous recombination. We observed that sex could modify the effects of PLA2G2A and PRG4 in LUAD tumour samples, whereas sex and smoking status might possibly have a biological effect on the EMT-related genes: HEY2, OLFM1, SFRP1 and STRAP. We also identified potential epigenetic changes smoking solely might have on EMT-related genes, which may serve as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for LUAD patients.
Cohort Trends in the Association Between Sibship Size and Educational Attainment in 26 Low-Fertility Countries
Authors: Choi Seongsoo , Taiji Riley , Chen Manting , Monden Christiaan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractChildren with many siblings have lower average educational attainment compared with children raised in smaller families, and this disadvantage by sibship size has been observed across many countries. We still know remarkably little, however, about how sibship size disadvantage has changed within countries and how such trends vary across countries. Using comparative data from 111 surveys from 26 low-fertility countries, we find an overall trend of growing sibship size disadvantage across cohorts in the majority of countries: between the 1931–1940 birth cohort and the 1971–1980 birth cohort, 16 of 26 countries showed a statistically significant increase in sibship size disadvantage in education, while only two countries showed a significant reduction in sibship size disadvantage. The disadvantage in years of education associated with having an additional sibling increased remarkably in post-socialist (0.3) and East Asian countries (0.34) and, to a lesser extent, Western European countries (0.2). In contrast, this disadvantage showed little change in Nordic countries (0.05) and even decreased in Anglo-Saxon countries (–0.11). We discuss explanations and implications of our comparative evidence in the context of the intergenerational transmission of education.
Design and analysis of an optimized microfluidic channel for isolation of circulating tumor cells using deterministic lateral displacement technique
Authors: Bhattacharjee Rituraj , Kumar R. , Panwala Fenil Chetankumar , Shakeel P. Mohamed 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCirculating tumor cells (CTCs) are extremely scarce cells which cut off from a primary tumor and percolate into the circulation of blood flow and are, thus, critical for precise cancer detection and treatment. Deterministic lateral displacement (DLD) which exploits asymmetric splitting of laminar flow around the implanted microposts has displayed trustworthy capabilities in separating cells of varying sizes. In this research work, a microfluidic channel consisting of three symmetrically aligned inlets and outlets and embedded circular posts has been proposed which effectively separates the CTCs from lymphocytes utilizing the concept of DLD. Using a commercial software COMSOL Multiphysics 5.4, the design of the proposed microchannel has been simulated and analyzed considering an injected blood sample containing massive CTCs and slim WBCs of radii 13.5 µm and 6 µm, respectively. The proposed model of microchannel isolates the CTCs from WBCs at a comparatively higher sample mass flow rate of 4 × 10–6 kg/s and Reynolds number of 8.9 thereby operating efficiently at higher throughput, and offers excellent linearity in terms of velocity magnitude, pressure, shear rate and Reynolds number. The computational analysis of the proposed microchannel reveals that it can isolate CTCs from WBCs with better separation ratio, offers higher throughput, reduces possibilities of clogging and maintains better uniformity of pressure distribution and other flow parameters when compared with existing microchannel designs. The maximum separation ratio for CTCs and WBCs has been obtained as 84% and 96%, respectively.
Presenting a new fuzzy system for web service selection aimed at dynamic software rejuvenation
Authors: Rezaei Kalantari Kimia , Ebrahimnejad Ali , Motameni Homayun 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAs an effective technique to counteract software aging, software rejuvenation is applied in continuously running applications such as web service-based systems. In such systems, web services are allocated depending on the requirements of receivers and the facilities of servers. One of the challenging issues during assignment of web services is how to select the appropriate server to minimize faults. In this paper, we proposed dynamic software rejuvenation in the form of a proactive fault-tolerance technique based on fuzzy system. While including a threshold for the rejuvenation of each web service, we carried out the training phase based on the features of the service providers as well as the receivers’ requirements. The results of simulations revealed that our strategy can mitigate the failure rate of web services by 45, 40, 23, and 12% in comparison with the non-fuzzy, regression-based, Markov-based, and ACOGELS-based web service rejuvenation strategies, respectively.
Study of reaction–diffusion problem: modeling, exact analytical solution, and experimental verification
Authors: Szukiewicz Mirosław K. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractNonlinear diffusion–reaction problem was investigated experimentally for the reference reaction (hydrogenation of propylene under isothermal conditions; a slab of catalyst pellet i.e., disks of large diameter/width ratio were applied). The diffusion–reaction model in the catalyst pellet with external mass-transfer resistances was solved analytically. Dependently on parameters values, two separate solutions were found: dead zone inside the pellet does not exist or it appears. In the first case, a common model is acceptable (regular model i.e., boundary value problem), in the second one, a model includes additional condition (dead zone model i.e., free boundary problem). Analysis of the solution presented indicated that either regular or “dead zone” model correctly describes the process for specific parameter values (with the only exception—multiple steady-state region—where the correct interpretation requires the combined application of the both). This result shows that the full description of the real process includes solutions of two different BVPs. Experimental research confirmed results anticipated by theory. It allowed to draw conclusions that go beyond this particular example i.e., the regular model, commonly applied in heterogeneous catalysis, does not adequately recognize dead zone problem. If “dead zone” appears, free boundary problem has to be consider, otherwise, process simulations will be incorrect. The conclusions drawn are valid also for biofilms.