bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Continual circulation of ECSA genotype and identification of a novel mutation I317V in the E1 gene of Chikungunya viral strains in southern India during 2015‐2016
Authors: Harsha Pulleri Kandi , Reddy Vijayalakshmi , Rao Deepashri , Pattabiraman Chitra , Mani Reeta S. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractChikungunya, a mosquito‐borne disease caused by Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), continues to be a significant public health problem in India. In 2016, 56 000 cases were reported from India, the largest number since the reemergence of CHIKV in this region in 2006. In the present study, using molecular and phylogenetic methods, the circulating strains from southern India during 2015‐2016 were characterized in the context of circulating Asian strains. Partial envelope gene (E1) sequencing was performed on 20 serum samples positive for CHIKV by a reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction. Phylogenetic analysis showed that all the sequences in this study belonged to the East Central South African (ECSA) genotype and clustered together with other strains from India. Bayesian phylogenetic analysis revealed that the sequences from the study grouped into two different subclades. The estimate of divergence times suggests that subclades of the ECSA genotype, share a common ancestor approximately 4 to 12 years ago. Six nonsynonymous mutations—K211E, M269V, D284E, V322A, I317V and V220I were noted in E1. In conclusion, this study revealed the cocirculation of distinct subclades within the ECSA genotype of CHIKV in South India during 2015‐2016. The I317V mutation in E1 has only been described in recent CHIKV strains from north‐central India and Bangladesh. This study highlights the need for continued molecular surveillance to identify the emergence of novel strains and unique mutations in CHIKV with epidemic potential.
Elevated histone H3 citrullination is associated with increased Beclin1 expression in HBV‐related hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Lu Mingzhu , Zhang Xianjing , Xu Yun , He Guangzhao , Liu Qian , Zhu Jing , Zhang Changsong 
Published: January 2020

AbstractCitrullinated histone H3 (H3Cit) is the product of the conversion of peptidylarginine to citrulline in histone H3. We evaluated the H3Cit level in hepatitis B virus (HBV)‐related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues and assessed its association with Beclin1 messenger RNA (mRNA) (a key autophagic regulator). The level of H3Cit was detected by a capture enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, while Beclin1 mRNA was determined by real‐time polymerase chain reaction in 80 HBV‐related patients with HCC. We found that the mean level of H3Cit was 72.25 ng/mg in HCC and 44.02 ng/mg in nontumor tissues. The mean HCC/nontumor ratio of Beclin1 mRNA was higher (0.096) in tumor samples than in nontumor specimens (0.056). Specifically, Beclin1 mRNA was elevated in 51 HCC cases (63.75%) and decreased in 29 cases (36.25%). Moreover, the levels of H3Cit and Beclin1 mRNA were significantly associated with vascular invasion and serum AFP levels. A shorter survival (19 months) was associated with a high H3Cit level. We also found increased levels of Beclin1 mRNA in the H3Cit (high) group compared with the H3Cit (low) group. The results implied that elevated histone H3 citrullination is associated with increased Beclin1 expression during the development of HBV‐related HCC.
2019 HRS/EHRA/APHRS/LAHRS expert consensus statement on catheter ablation of ventricular arrhythmias: Executive summary
Authors: Cronin Edmond M. , Bogun Frank M. , Maury Philippe , Peichl Petr , Chen Minglong , Namboodiri Narayanan , Aguinaga Luis , Leite Luiz Roberto , Al‐Khatib Sana M. , Anter Elad , Berruezo Antonio , Callans David J. , Chung Mina K. , Cuculich Phillip , d'Avila Andre , Deal Barbara J. , Bella Paolo Della , Deneke Thomas , Dickfeld Timm‐Michael , Hadid Claudio , Haqqani Haris M. , Kay G. Neal , Latchamsetty Rakesh , Marchlinski Francis , Miller John M. , Nogami Akihiko , Patel Akash R. , Pathak Rajeev Kumar , Saenz Morales Luis C. , Santangeli Pasquale , Sapp John L. , Sarkozy Andrea , Soejima Kyoko , Stevenson William G. , Tedrow Usha B. , Tzou Wendy S. , Varma Niraj , Zeppenfeld Katja 
Published: January 2020

AbstractVentricular arrhythmias are an important cause of morbidity and mortality and come in a variety of forms, from single premature ventricular complexes to sustained ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation. Rapid developments have taken place over the past decade in our understanding of these arrhythmias and in our ability to diagnose and treat them. The field of catheter ablation has progressed with the development of new methods and tools, and with the publication of large clinical trials. Therefore, global cardiac electrophysiology professional societies undertook to outline recommendations and best practices for these procedures in a document that will update and replace the 2009 EHRA/HRS Expert Consensus on Catheter Ablation of Ventricular Arrhythmias. An expert writing group, after reviewing and discussing the literature, including a systematic review and meta‐analysis published in conjunction with this document, and drawing on their own experience, drafted and voted on recommendations and summarized current knowledge and practice in the field. Each recommendation is presented in knowledge byte format and is accompanied by supportive text and references. Further sections provide a practical synopsis of the various techniques and of the specific ventricular arrhythmia sites and substrates encountered in the electrophysiology lab. The purpose of this document is to help electrophysiologists around the world to appropriately select patients for catheter ablation, to perform procedures in a safe and efficacious manner, and to provide follow‐up and adjunctive care in order to obtain the best possible outcomes for patients with ventricular arrhythmias.
Authentication of Turkish olive oils by using detailed pigment profile and spectroscopic techniques
Authors: Uncu Oguz , Ozen Banu , Tokatli Figen 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDMinor compounds of olive oil could have discriminatory characteristics in the authentication of this product. It was aimed to determine the detailed pigment profiles of Turkish olive oils and use them in differentiation of the samples in comparison to fast, reliable, and environmentally friendly Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR) and ultraviolet (UV)–visible spectroscopic techniques. Pigment contents of 91 olive oils obtained from different locations for two consecutive harvesting years were determined with chromatographic analysis and FTIR and UV–visible spectra of these samples were also obtained. All data were analyzed with orthogonal partial least‐squares discriminant analysis to investigate the differentiation ability of these methods with regard to their detailed pigment and spectroscopic profiles.RESULTSPheophytin a (2.78–8.98 mg kg−1) and lutein (1.19–4.07 mg kg−1) were the major pigments in all samples. Pigment profiles provided successful classification of olive oils with respect to their designated origins and harvesting year with average correct classification rates of 97%. UV–visible spectroscopy has quite similar results with pigment profiles in terms of its discriminatory power. In addition, FTIR and fused data were slightly better in discrimination of the samples, and the fused dataset has the highest correct classification rate of 100%.CONCLUSIONUse of detailed pigment profiles is quite promising in authentication of olive oils. However, UV–visible and FTIR spectroscopic techniques could be reliable alternatives for the same purposes. All of the techniques studied have great potential in ‘protected designation of origin’ certification studies. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Effects of two debittering processes on the alkaloid content and quality characteristics of lupin (Lupinus mutabilis Sweet)
Authors: Villacrés Elena , Álvarez Javier , Rosell Cristina 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe presence of quinolizidine alkaloids (QAs) in the species Lupinus mutabilis Sweet limits the expansion of its consumption and use, despite its high protein content. The objective of this research was therefore to determine the effect of two thermal treatments, aqueous (ATT) and saline (STT), on the QAs and total protein content, as well as on the texture (fracturability and hardness), visual perception attributes – hue (H*), luminosity (L*) and chromatism (C*) – and grain size in three lupin varieties (INIAP‐450, INIAP‐451, and Criollo). The water consumption required by each treatment was also measured.RESULTSThe debittering process with ATT helped to concentrate the total nitrogen by 560 g kg−1 and decreased the grain hardness to 2037 gf (grams of force) in the Criollo variety, while the chromatic parameters H* and C* increased in the three varieties. The STT treatment was more efficient than the ATT treatment in terms of the time required and the volume of water used to reduce the QAs to safe levels for consumption (2.5–3.5 g kg−1). The size of the grain increased to four times its original size; the luminosity L* decreased during cooking to a value of 41.49 in the Criollo variety and then increased to 57.42 during grain washing.CONCLUSIONSThe STT treatment is advisable for lupin debittering, although the extent of the effect was dependent on the variety. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
DNA barcoding coupled with high‐resolution melting analysis for nut species and walnut milk beverage authentication
Authors: Ding Yanfei , Jiang Guangze , Huang Lihong , Chen Chengtong , Sun Junwei , Zhu Cheng 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundWalnut (Juglans regia L.) is one of the most widely cultivated nuts. Walnut milk beverage is very popular in China due to its nutritional value. However, adulterated walnut milk ingredients have been detected in the Chinese market. Peanut and soybean are sold at much lower prices than walnut and are reported to be commonly used for adulteration in the industrial chain of walnut milk production. The purpose of this study is therefore to develop an accurate and efficient method for detecting the authenticity of the raw materials used in walnut milk beverage.ResultsDNA barcoding and high‐resolution melting (HRM) analyses were used to identify common adulterated raw ingredients such as peanut and soybean in commercial walnut milk beverage samples. The chloroplast psbA‐trnH gene was used for sequencing, and HRM analysis was performed. We also prepared experimental mixtures, in the laboratory, with different quantities of walnut, peanut, and soybean. High‐resolution melting analysis of the experimental mixtures clearly distinguished all of them. The results revealed that most of the walnut milk beverage samples fell in the same cluster of walnut species. Several samples fell in the peanut cluster, confirming that they were adulterated products.ConclusionThe results revealed that HRM analysis based on the psbA‐trnH barcode sequence can be used to identify raw ingredients in walnut milk beverages. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Effects of dietary fat sources on the intramuscular and subcutaneous adipose tissue fatty acid composition, and consumer acceptability of lamb
Authors: Gravador Rufielyn S , Brunton Nigel P , Fahey Alan G , Gkarane Vasiliki , Claffey Noel A , Moloney Aidan P , Diskin Michael G , Farmer Linda J , Allen Paul , Casey Caoimhe , Monahan Frank J 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDLamb diets can alter the fatty acid (FA) profile of muscle and adipose tissue, which may affect the sensory quality and consumer acceptability of the meat. In this study, lambs received one of four pre‐slaughter diets: a barley / maize / soya‐based concentrate (C), supplemented with a saturated fat source (Megalac®) (SAT), or supplemented with protected linseed oil (PLO); or a by‐product (citrus pulp / distillers’ grain / soya‐based) diet (BPR). Intramuscular FAs and adipose tissue branched‐chain FAs were measured and consumer evaluation (hedonic liking and attribute intensity) was undertaken with cooked lamb.RESULTSCompared to the other diets, the BPR diet resulted in a higher muscle concentration and a greater proportion of C18:2n‐6, and greater proportions of conjugated linoleic acid (c9,t11‐C18:2) and n‐6 polyunsaturated FAs (PUFA), whereas the PLO diet resulted in higher muscle proportions of C18:0 and saturated FAs, higher concentrations of C18:3n‐3 and n‐3 PUFA, and a lower n‐6 to n‐3 ratio. The consumer acceptability of lamb was not affected by the pre‐slaughter diets.CONCLUSIONChanges in the FA profile of lamb muscle and adipose tissue through the inclusion of sources of saturated fat, protected linseed oil, or by‐products in the pre‐slaughter diet did not result in consumer detection of significant effects on the acceptability of the cooked meat. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Agrobacterium rhizogenes mediated transformation of Ficus carica L. for the efficient production of secondary metabolites
Authors: Amani Shahla , Mohebodini Mehdi , Khademvatan Shahram , Jafari Morad 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDFicus carica L., an ancient source of food and medicines, is rich in valuable nutritional and secondary compounds with antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer effects. The present study is the first attempt to examine hairy root (HR) induction of F. carica (Sabz and Siah) by inoculating the 3‐week‐old shoots and leaves with different strains of Agrobacterium rhizogenes and also to investigate methyl jasmonate (MeJA) elicitation of HRs to produce a fast and high‐yield production method for secondary metabolites.RESULTSThe maximum transformation rate (100%) was achieved by inoculating the shoots with Agrobacterium rhizogenes strain A7. Siah HRs elicited with 100 and 200 μmol L−1 MeJA and Sabz HRs with 100 μmol L−1 MeJA showed the highest total phenolic content. The highest flavonoid content was 3.935 mg QE g−1 DW in Siah HRs treated with 200 μmol L−1 MeJA and 2.762 mg QE g−1 DW in Sabz HRs treated with 300 μmol L−1 MeJA. The 2, 2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging capacity and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) value of HRs were affected by MeJA treatments. Methyl jasmonate elicitation also significantly enhanced the content of six phenolic acids (gallic acid, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, coumaric acid, rosmarinic acid, and cinnamic acid) and three flavonoids (rutin, quercetin, and apigenin). Thymol, a monoterpene phenol, was the main HR compound detected in gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis of the essential oils.CONCLUSIONInduction of HRs and elicitation of F. carica HRs by MeJA resulted in a significant increase in the production of important phenolic compounds and a significant increase in antioxidant capacity. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Botanical and geographical origin of Turkish honeys by selected‐ion flow‐tube mass spectrometry and chemometrics
Authors: Ozcan‐Sinir Gulsah , Copur Omer U , Barringer Sheryl A 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDHoney has a very important commercial value for producers as a natural product. Honey aroma is formed from the contributions of several volatile compounds, which are influenced by nectar composition, botanical origins, and location. Selected‐ion flow‐tube mass spectrometry (SIFT‐MS) is a technique that quantifies volatile organic compounds simply and rapidly, even in low concentrations. In this study, the headspace concentration of eight monofloral (chestnut, rhododendron, lavender, sage, carob, heather, citrus, and pine) and three multiflower Turkish honeys were analyzed using SIFT‐MS. Soft independent modeling of class analogy (SIMCA) was used to differentiate honey samples based on their volatiles.RESULTSThis study focused on 78 volatile compounds, which were selected from previous studies of selected honeys. Very clear distinctions were observed between all honeys. Interclass distances greater than 8 indicate that honeys were significantly different. Methanol and ethanol were abundant in the honeys. Chestnut honey collected from the Yalova region had the highest total concentration of volatiles followed by heather honey and chestnut honey collected from the Düzce region.CONCLUSIONHoneys with different botanical and geographical origins showed differences in their volatile profile based on chemometric analysis. Of the honey samples, methanol, ethanol, acetoin, ethyl acetate, and isobutanoic acid had the highest discriminating power. Methanol and ethanol, and then acetic acid, were the volatiles with the highest concentrations in most honeys. © 2020 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Modulation effects of black‐vinegar‐based supplement against a high‐fat dietary habit: antiobesity/hypolipidemic, antioxidative, and energy‐metabolism effects
Authors: Liu Ming‐En , Chou Chung‐Hsi , Li Lu , Wu Yi‐Hsieng Samuel , Lin Yi‐Ling , Tu Dom‐Gene , Chen Yi‐Chen 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDAn imbalanced fat or excess energy intake always results in obesity and increased serum/liver lipids, thus leading to metabolic syndromes. Given the bioactive components in black vinegar (BV), such as branched amino acids, phenolic profile, and mineral contents, we investigated the antiobesity effects of BV‐based supplements in rats fed a high‐fat diet (HFD).RESULTSHFD (30% fat, w/w) feeding increased (P < 0.05) body weight, weight gains, weights of livers and mesenteric, epididymal, and perirenal adipose tissues, and serum/liver triglyceride levels relative to those of rats fed a normal diet (4% fat, w/w; CON). These increased values were ameliorated (P < 0.05) by supplementing with BV‐based supplements but were still higher (P < 0.05) than those of CON rats. The increased areas of perirenal adipocytes in rats fed with an HFD were also decreased (P < 0.05) by supplementing with BV‐based supplements, which might result from an upregulation (P < 0.05) of 5′‐adenosine monophosphate‐activated protein kinase (AMPK), carnitine palmitoyltransferase‐1 (CPT1), and uncoupling protein‐2 (UCP2) in the perirenal adipose tissues. A similar effect was observed for AMPK, peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor alpha, retinoid X receptor alpha, CPT1, and UCP2 gene and protein levels in livers (P < 0.05). Generally, BV‐based supplements increased the fecal triglyceride, cholesterol, and bile acid levels of rats fed with an HFD, which partially contribute to the lipid‐lowering effects. Furthermore, BV‐based supplements increased (P < 0.05) hepatic Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity and lowered (P < 0.05) serum/liver thiobarbituric acid reactive substances values in HFD‐fed rats.CONCLUSIONIn a chronic high‐fat dietary habit, the food‐grade BV‐based supplement is a good daily choice to ameliorate obesity and its associated comorbidities. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
A new molecularly imprinted polymer for selective extraction and pre‐concentration of guaifenesin in different samples: Adsorption studies and kinetic modeling
Authors: Iranmanesh Elnaz , Jahani Moslem , Nezhadali Azizollah , Mojarrab Maliheh 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis paper describes the synthesis of a molecularly imprinted polymer by chemical oxidation of pyrrole as the functional monomer, and at the presence of guaifenesin as the template. The prepared polymer was used as adsorbent in molecularly imprinted solid‐phase extraction followed by spectrophotometric determination. Different parameters in the solid‐phase extraction including sample pH, adsorbent weight, washing solution, and elution solvent were studied to determine optimum conditions for isolation and enrichment of guaifenesin. The results showed guaifenesin was quantitatively adsorbed on the molecularly imprinted polymer at pH 6.0 and completely eluted with an ethanol–water solution (50% v/v). An enrichment factor of four with satisfactory recoveries (87.0–95.0%) was obtained. The solid‐phase extraction columns could be used for up to six consecutive elution‐loading cycles without significant decreases in the analyte recoveries. The method had a dynamic range of 3.0 × 10−6–1.5 × 10−4 mol/L with a limit of detection and limit of quantification of 1.4×10−6 and 4.5×10−6 mol/L, respectively. The proposed procedure was used for the extraction and determination of guaifenesin in different pharmaceutical formulations, with satisfying results being achieved.
Recurrence After Curative Resection of Hepatitis B Virus–Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Diagnostic Algorithms on Gadoxetic Acid–Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Wang Wentao , Yang Chun , Zhu Kai , Yang Li , Ding Ying , Luo Rongkui , Zhu Shuo , Chen Caizhong , Sun Wei , Zeng Mengsu , Rao Sheng‐Xiang 
Published: January 2020

Small recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) can show atypical imaging patterns, and a specific diagnostic algorithm for HCC is lacking. This study aimed to better characterize postoperative recurrent HCCs <20 mm in size with gadoxetic acid–enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We evaluated 373 newly developed nodules after hepatectomy in 204 HCC patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection. The diagnostic performance of Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI‐RADS) version 2018 was calculated with gadoxetic acid–enhanced MRI to characterize recurrent HCC. Modified diagnostic algorithms were proposed by combining significant imaging biomarkers related to subcentimeter and 10‐19 mm recurrence, and the algorithms were then compared with the LI‐RADS system. A total of 256 recurrent HCCs (108 recurrent HCCs <10 mm in size; 148 recurrent HCCs 10‐19 mm in size) were confirmed via histology or follow‐up imaging. Nonrim arterial phase hyperenhancement (APHE) and 3 LI‐RADS ancillary features (AFs; hepatobiliary phase hypointensity, mild‐moderate T2 hyperintensity, and restricted diffusion) were significantly related to recurrent HCCs <20 mm in size according to a multivariate analysis. For subcentimeter recurrence, combining at least 2 of the 3 AFs only achieved better specificity (sensitivity, 83.3%; specificity, 87.7%) than the LR‐4 category (sensitivity, 88.9%, P = 0.21; specificity, 70.8%, P = 0.006). For 10‐19 mm recurrences, combining nonrim APHE and at least 1 of the 3 AFs achieved only a significantly enhanced sensitivity of 85.1% but a lower specificity of 86.5% compared with the LR‐5 category (sensitivity: 63.5%, P < 0.001; specificity: 94.2%, P = 0.13). In conclusion, the diagnostic algorithms for subcentimeter and 10‐19 mm recurrent HCCs should be stratified. Combining at least 2 AFs demonstrated comparable sensitivity with significantly enhanced specificity compared with the LR‐4 category for characterizing subcentimeter recurrence.