bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship between growth sites and content of steroids and sterols from Pikajar (Schizaea digitata)
Authors: Firmanul Arifin Yudi , Suhartono Eko , Hamidah Siti 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
One of the plants known to play a role as a drug in Kalimantan is Pikajar (Schizaea digitata). This species has long been known to ethnic Dayak Meratus in South Kalimantan as traditional medicine. Conservation efforts are not done yet, so this species will be endangered. This study was conducted to determine the characteristic habitat and phytochemical confounds of the root, leave, and flower which it was planted in a different site (natural forest, in-situ and ex-situ). The phytochemical confounds of the root, leave, and the flower was analyzed to use Harborne method. S. digitata tended to grow well on habitats at altitude 164-214 m asl with a pH of 4.3-4.6, N of 0.12-0.15, P of 0.15-0.90mg/100g, C of 2.0-2.2%. It has been successfully cultivated in-situ and ex-situ with growth like natural growth. From a quantitative phytochemical test, there is a difference in the content of secondary metabolites, especially in each part of the plant (roots, leaves, and flowers). The content of steroids and sterols which are a source of treatment for impotence, maintaining stamina, and lumbago shows that the largest part of the leaf contains steroids and sterols compared to roots and flowers, namely 39.5mg/ml, 18.8 mg/ml, 5.2mg/ml respectively. The steroids and sterols content in each growing site shows quite similar (the natural habitat of 21.6mg/ml, in-situ of 22.6mg/ml and ex-situ of 19.3mg/ml).
The characteristics of Pinus mercusii resin productivity flow pattern
Authors: Abdillah E , Muharyani N , Na’iem M 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Pinus merkusii Jungh et de Vriese belongs to the pine species that grows naturally in Indonesia, particularly in Sumatra: Aceh, Tapanuli and Kerinci. The Perhutani has managed and developed P merkusii as a source for the state revenue. Wood and resin are the most important products of the P merkusii tree.The purpose of this study was to understand the effect of the tree growth based on its resin productivity and its characteristic flow pattern per unit time to support the completion of the project. This study was conducted at KPH Banyumas Barat in March-October 2018. The height and periphery of the trees were the data parameters for the growth evaluation. The resin productivity was evaluated for a year based on the characteristic flow pattern approach by using the drill tapping method on 201 sample trees which was repeated weekly. According to the statistical analysis, the tree’s periphery has a positive effect on the resin productivity whereas the height has a negative one, which means that the cultivation of the pine tree is highly affected by the selected sylviculture. The research showed, by conducting a systematic measurement of the resin productivity of the 201 chosen trees reveals the existence of a good characteristic of resin pattern productivity in 10 individuals trees. The characteristic of resin productivity output pattern sequentially increased with a peak in May-August. This characteristic data is very useful for the Perhutani to optimize the cultivation of the entire P merkusii class for future endeavors.
Economic valuation on carbon sequestration and carbon stocks at green open space based on cost of illness
Authors: Marisha S , Sunarya S , Yustiana Y 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Green open space is an open area to grow plants that functions as a balancer to urban ecosystems. Unfortunately, the condition of the green open space has declined and impact on human health at a certain level. This study aims to measure the value of ecosystem services for carbon sequestration and stock based on Cost of Illness (COI). The study was conducted at Tegalega, sub area of Bandung City, which is the most populous area in Bandung. Data collection was carried out in two activites. The tree data collection was done by sampling as much as 15%. On the other hand, the health problem data collection was done through interviews with COI method. The results showed that the potential of green open space in absorbing carbon was 126,321.96 kg CO2.hectare−1.year−1 and carbon stocks in current green open space were 47,319 kg.hectare−1. The value of COI from the availability of curent green open space is IDR 288,777,324,987 per year. This value shows the high costs of health that caused by carbon pollution to human in a certain area. The average value of one tree with the service of absorbing and storing carbon is IDR 1,236,566,136.
Financial analysis of coffee from agroforest managed by women farmers group in Tanggamus Lampung
Authors: Nurrochmat N A , Khalifah N N , Kusumadewi D A , Triyantari A , Hidayat F R , Novianti C 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Coffee (Coffea robusta) is one of the most important products of the community forest (HKm) of Beringin Jaya in Tanggamus Lampung. A women farmers group called KWT Himawari is managing the business of coffee processing. The KWT Himawari was established in 2014 and currently operating a set of coffee processing equipment. This group produces several coffee brands, i.e. Kopi Codot (bat battered coffee), Kopi Merah (red coffee), and Kopi Premium (premium coffee). This study aims to evaluate business feasibility of the coffee processing of KWT Himawari using the financial criteria of Net Present Value (NPV), Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) and Internal Rate of Return (IRR) within an investment period of 15-years. This study concludes that without any improvement in the business process, the KWT Himawari will potentially lose hundreds million rupiah, indicated by the negative Net Present Value (NPV) of (IDR 181,518,037), Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of (5.245%) and Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) of 0.781 or less than 1. This study suggests some business improvement to make the women group business feasible. The improved business of coffee processing, so called optimal business model, will make the business profitable with a great potential gain, i.e. NPV of IDR 2,356,763,475, BCR of 1.33 and IRR of 259.57%. The optimal business model can be reached by optimizing production and market that provides several multiplier effects, such as increasing the women’s group income, raising the employment absorption, and stabilizing price of raw coffee from farmers around the forest area.
Clustering Potential Area of Fusarium Oxysporum As A Disease of Garlic
Authors: Purwayoga V , Sitanggang I S 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The decrease of garlic production can be caused by several factors, one of the main factors is a disease. The main disease of garlic is Fusarium Oxysporm (FO) or known as the rotten base. The decrease in garlic production can be reduced by identifying which areas are likely to be attacked by FO. This study aims to determine clusters of the areas in Central Java Province as the largest producer of garlic in Indonesia which is potentially affected by FO so that this disease can be prevented. This study uses the weather data of 2017 including temperature, humidity, and wind velocity for clustering the potential areas attacked by FO. The algorithm used is K-Means clustering. The best clustering results are obtained at number of clusters K=10, it was obtained from several experiments to determine the number of K. The most potential month for FO breeding is October. The results show that 37 % of areas in October 2017 fall into the minimum category, 63 % FO the area belong to the medium attack category and no one is included in the maximum category due to the fact that daily weather conditions do not fit into that category. October became a potential period because that period was the period with the highest number of regions included in the medium category.
Spatial and Temporal Clustering Analysis of Hotspot Pattern Distribution of Critical Land in Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: Kirana AP , Sitanggang IS , Syaufina L , Bhawiyuga A 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Geographic information systems (GIS) can play a vital function in fire prevention by predicting potential hotspot for fires. This paper presents the analysis of hotspot data in Kalimantan from 2008 to 2018 based on spatial and temporal aspects. Spatiotemporal cluster analysis with Kulldorff’s Scan Statistic (KSS) methods. KSS method is used to explore the spatial temporal patterns. This approach was originally designed to detect clusters and to determine their significance by Monte Carlo replication. the result shows that the provinces with the highest hotspot occurrence cluster are Central Kalimantan and West Kalimantan provinces. Based on critical land area, the cluster distributions of hotspot are dominated in ‘Rather Critical’ and ‘Potential to Critical’ area. Based on land used, the cluster distributions of hotspot are dominated ‘Swamp Shrub’ and ‘Mixed Dry Agriculture Land’. For temporal aspect, the result shows most hotspot occurred in August, September and October. In conclusion, the hotspot detected varied according to year, months and regions. Understanding hotspot patterns enables the allocation of resources for forest fire planning and management. Results showed that the approach is effective for detecting hotspot clusters and cluster accuracy is 91%.
Potential hyperaccumulator plants for sustainable environment in tropical habitats
Authors: Castaňares Edgar , Lojka Bohdan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Hyperaccumulators are rare ability of plants to accumulate excessive concentration of elements on roots and shoot tissues without any evidence of physiological stress. However, less research has been conducted in different environmental habitats. Hence, this study was conducted in Mount Magdiwata and Peatland Forest of La Paz, Philippines. The objectives of this research were to identify hyperaccumulator plants as well as analyze soil and plant elemental accumulations. Sampling stations were designated in stratified habitats. Collected soil and plant specimens were analyzed in the laboratory and data were interpreted using SPSS software. Cratoxylum sumatranum (Jack ) Blume, Syngramma alismifolia ( C. Presl ) J.Sm., Mitragyna speciosa Korth, Pneumatopteris laevis ( Mett ) Holtta and Pneumatopteris glabra ( Cope ) Holtt were species that shown hyperaccumulation criterion and had significant accumulation capacity in respective habitats. Manganese had accumulation capacity in the leaves of Mitragyna speciosa Korth above the thresholds level for heavy metal concentrations at 22393 mg/kg−1. Soil element Mg has higher accumulation in the leaves at 5257 mg/kg−1and Fe at 4298 mg/kg−1 both major soil elements had shown significant results. The accumulation capability of this identified species were prospective sources of hyperaccumulator plants onwards to phytoremediation technology to cleanse environmental toxicity.
OSB (Oriented Strand Board Green Building): Utilization of OSB Betung Bamboo (Dendrocalamus asper (Schult. F.) Backer ex Heyne) by Testing Physical and Mechanical Properties to Optimize Eco-Friendly Construction in Indonesia
Authors: Ramatia D , Yosrilrafiq M , Aranti A 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The National Institute of Building Science (US) states that building materials that come from nature can produce greenhouse gas emissions such as 35% of carbon dioxide, 49% of sulfur dioxide, and 25% of nitrogen oxides. These gasses cause the construction will be unfriendly for the environment, so we need a green construction materials. Bamboo is one of the alternative green constructions because the easiest way to build, elastic and resistant to earthquake, as well as easily repaired in case of damage. OGB (Oriented Strand Board Green Building) is a solution in the use of betung bamboo for green building construction by conducting several tests. This test aims to determine the physical and mechanical properties of betung bamboo by using phenol-formaldehyde (PF) with adhesive contents of 6%, 7%, and 8%. The results showed that the differences in adhesive content of 6%, 7%, and 8% significantly affect the value of density, moisture content, water absorption, thickness, and internal bonding. OGB can be used as a solution for improving eco-friendly building construction in Indonesia.
Spectral Colour Characteristic’s (Red, Green, Blue) of Sick Acacia Mangium Stand
Authors: Abdalla D , Ramdan H , Dungani R 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Forest protection management are important activities and integrated from the forest resource management system. One of the activities in forest protection is evaluating stand health in a particular forest region. These activities are important because it helps decision making to perform sustainable forest management. Evaluating stand health on a bigger scale needs more cost, time, and manpower. To overcome this obstacle, there is a need for supporting technology. The technology also needs to suffice within the development of remote sensing. flying drones is a suitable technology that could evaluate stand health. This research has the goal to determine the spectral characteristics of A.mangium leaf in order to identify the area and position of sick trees. This research is executed in A.mangium stand at KPH Bogor. The method that is being used is hyperspectral imaging analysis to determine the characteristic of RGB (Red,Green,Blue). Spectral analysis is sampled from 85 trees on 7 plot at site 23B RPH Maribaya BKPH Parung Panjang KPH Bogor using simple random sampling. The result of this research shows that trees in healthy condition, sick condition, and the dead condition has different spectral RGB value. RGB value for healthy trees is 121-149(B1),167-189(B2), 120-142(B3). For sick trees the RGB value is 151-165(B1), 183-205(B2), 145-165(B3). For dead trees the RGB values are 192-202(B1), 202-212(B2), 167-199(B3). As trees condition worsen, the RGB value increases. The pattern of RGB band composition is similar but has different values. This indicates the changing process of leaf color from healthy to sick. On the other hand the interval of RGB band is small enough to notice there is a difference in the color of the tree’s status. This research shows that spectral analysis from drone image could be used to analyze forest’s stand health
Alstonia scholaris R.Br Bark Extract as Diabetes Medicine
Authors: Zuraida  , Sulistiyani  
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Pulai (Alstonia scholaris R.Br) is one of leading vegetation for forest plantations. Besides being a timber forest product, it has high value on non-timber forest product such as animal feed, black board, chewing gum, and medicine. Utilization of pulai leaves as medicine such as for wounds, intestinal worms, malaria, hypertension, and heart disease had been reported, but research on pulai bark as antidiabetes is still limited. This study aimed to study phytochemical compound, toxicity, and in vitro inhibition activity of α-glucosidase enzyme of pulai bark crude extrac as antidiabetes. Pulai bark extraction done by maceration method using 96% ethanol resulted in 4.39% yield. Phytochemical test contained flavonoid, saponin, alkaloid and tannin. Pulai crude extract toxicity tested by Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method, resulted in LC50 value of 461 μg/mL indicated moderate toxicity. Testing of in vitro inhibition activity of α-glucosidase enzyme resulted in IC50 value of 152.99 μg/mL. Based on the research, 96% of ethanol crude extract pulai bark had bioactivity, and flavonoids, alkaloids and tannins content appeared to have important role in inhibition activity of α-glucosidase enzyme.
Spatiotemporal Pattern Distribution of Drought Area using MODIS Vegetation Health Index. Case Study: Paddy Field in East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Kirana AP , Ririd ARTH , Ariyanto R , Amalia EL , Bhawiyuga A 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Drought is the main natural disasters in Indonesia. Study of spatial and temporal drought pattern distribution is great significance for disaster prevention and mitigation. Agricultural drought assessment was used to monitor agricultural sustainability, particularly in East Java as the national centre for agricultural production in Indonesia This study aimed to detect the spatial and temporal pattern of agricultural drought using Vegetation Health Index (VHI) and illustrated drought characteristics in East Java, Indonesia during 2017-2018. In this research, we use LST and EVI data from MODIS Terra satellite data. We used LST for calculating TCI, and EVI for calculating VCI. VHI were obtained by TCI and VCI score. The result showed that all drought-affected areas were experienced by moderate droughts. Bojonegoro, Magetan and Gresik district has the highest drought level compared to another district in East Java. Drought area increased significantly in September to October, which is dry season in Indonesia and cover 69.13% of agricultural area.
Cooling effect to mitigate Urban Heat Island by Pterocarpus indicus, Swietenia macrophylla and Samanea saman In Bandung, West Java Indonesia
Authors: Ihsan F , Rosleine D 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Urban Heat Island (UHI) has been detected in Bandung since 2001 and it can be mitigated by planting trees such as Pterocarpus indicus (angsana), Swietenia macrophylla (mahogany), and Samanea saman (trembesi). This research was conducted to measure temperature reduction by those road side trees at seven locations. Parameters were tree characteristics including shape and area of canopy, Plant Area Index (PAI), and leaf morphology (shape and arrangement), air temperature, relative air humidity, transmissivity, and surface temperature. Microclimate and edaphic data were measured in sunny day or partly cloudy. Data were analyzed using One-way ANOVA (Kruskal-Wallis test) to clarify significance differences among parameters in each tree species and measured reduction of discomfort index (dDI%). Air temperature in open area is 33.81±2.32°C, while surface temperature is 37.29±6.63°C. Result shows that trees have varies ability to decrease air and surface temperature. The highest reduction of air (A) and surface (S) temperature is shown by S. saman (A=3.80±1.21°C and S=10.49±2.84°C), then followed by S. macrophylla (A=3.10±1.94°C and S=5.64±5.51°C), and P. indicus (A=2.28±1.73°C and S=5.26±4.30°C). S. saman which has wide canopy with moderate leaf density can reduce air and surface temperature effectively, followed by S. macrophylla with narrow canopy and high leaf density; and P. indicus with narrow canopy with low leaf density. Thus, tree character with broad canopy and dense leaves such as S. saman can be recommended as shading tree to mitigate UHI in urban areas.
Household Captive Breeding: Women Empowerment in Wildlife Conservation
Authors: Sunkar A , Ma’rufi N , Masy’ud B 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Conservation activities involving women are often less addressed. Considering site-level conservation is very important, women have higher opportunities to be engaged in household conservation activities due to higher leisure time. Women also have nurtured and caring personalities, variables necessary for wildlife survival in captive breeding. This study analysed protected bird captive breeding profiles and determined the roles of women involved and their impacts on the survival of the birds in captivity. The study was conducted from January to April 2017 at 90 protected bird captivities with 122 respondents comprised of 24 breeders in Bogor City and District, and 98 in Klaten District. Harvard gender analysis was used to analyse the roles of women, while qualitative analysis was used to determine the profiles of the captive breeding and the women involved. The relation between women’s involvement and the percentage of bird survival was analysed using t-test with two independent samples of a 5% standard error. The percentage of women involved in captive breeding was between 34.17 to 56.25%. Women contributed to the family’s income both as workers (35-100%) and owners (30-100%). They are 31-40 years of age, hold high school diplomas, married with the youngest child in elementary-junior high school. At the household scale, women contributed to 68.76% of the total breeding activities. Results showed that the percentage of birds’ surviving at household captive breeding is higher under the care of women. This study justified the importance of involving women in wildlife conservation, which would contribute to decreased forest and environmental degradation.
Citizen science networks for waterbird monitoring: Case study of the Asian Waterbird Census in Indonesia
Authors: Gumilang R S , Mardiastuti A , Kusrini M D , Noor Y R 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Citizen science is a public participation research involving citizen participation, whose outcomes are often advancements in scientific research and increase the public’s understanding. This study is aimed to identify the characteristics of volunteers who joined the Asian Waterbird Census (AWC), a part of the long-term global annual monitoring initiative by Wetlands International. Data were gathered through analysis of documentations (year 2015-2019), observation, and deep interview. The number of participants has increased, with the highest was 379 persons in 2019 (an average of 233 persons/year), with half comprised of university graduates (Bachelor or above). There were 5 types of groups involved in AWC: student/universities (34%), NGOs (27%), individuals (19%), government employees (16%), and private sectors (3%). Females’ participation was quite high (43%). About 18% of participants and 44% of the groups, have been joining AWC at least twice, indicating that AWC was an interesting activity. Reasons to join were identified as: increasing personal values, personal scientific development, strengthening social relationships/networks, recreational, and develop a career. Information on AWC schedules was obtained mostly through social media Whatsapp (35%) and Facebook (32%), the organizer (i.e. Wetlands International Indonesia; 37%) and participants’ networks (37%). About 73% of the participants were able to observe less than 100 bird species. Participants’ constraints during the AWC were ability of bird identification, limitation of proper equipment, and low accessibility to potential observation sites. Our study indicated that understanding the characteristics of participants might help to improve the citizen science program, as well as to recruit and retain volunteers.
Effect of 6-BAP application on shoot production of Melaleuca alternifolia seedlings
Authors: Amelia Z R , Supriyanto  , Wulandari A S 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree) is one of the families of Myrtacea, which produces essential oils from their leaves, called tea tree oil (TTO) that is used as ingredients for cosmetics, antiseptics and pesticides. TTO leaves production of M. alternifolia plants can be increased by stimulating the growth of new shoots using 6-BAP hormone. The purpose of this study was to obtain appropriate dosage of 6-BAP to induce shoots in M. alternifolia seedlings. This research was conducted at the Dramaga Permanent Nursery in Bogor for 6 weeks from July-Agustus 2019 with M. alternifolia seedlings originating from grafts over 4 months old. Completely randomized design (CRD) with different 6-BAP concentration treatments in 5 replicates was used. The 6-BAP (benzyl amino purine) with a concentration of 5 ppm, 10 ppm, 15 ppm, 20 ppm and without hormone (as control) were sprayed on the leaves and stem. The results showed that 6-BAP affected shoot length and number of leaves. Spraying with 5 ppm 6-BAP dose increased the length of shoots and the number of leaves after 6 weeks of application amounting to 1.9% and 11.4%, respectively.