bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Scattering for STEM: Developing a Scattering Class with an Awareness of Barriers to Public Engagement
Authors: Powell Abby 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Background: Public engagement (PE) is a long standing part of higher education, with a rapidly changing role. Increasingly, it is becoming integrated into the culture of research. Investigations of the barriers hindering this have identified key areas to be addressed. Communication of current research and the relationship between different research areas are key to policy in PE, to address the perception of areas such as nuclear physics, and improve PE impact. Purpose: To develop public engagement resources with consideration of these barriers, that enable integrated learning of both current research, curricula and science skills. Methods: The barriers identified are discussed in the context of how they have been targeted within UK nuclear PE. Kick-Start awards, providing dedicated time for PE for ECRs, were of significant support to this. A new class on the physics of scattering, has been developed. Scattering is relevant across not only nuclear physics but all STEM subjects and school curricula. Results: Clearly defining terminology, audience, the intended product of projects for PE and providing dedicated time through internships for early career researchers (ECRs) lowered the barriers into public engagement. The scattering class linked key STEM skills including abstract thinking and data analysis, suitable for a range of experience levels, to nuclear physics experiments. Conclusions: Recent PE within nuclear physics is developing methods to overcome barriers to PE, particularly for ECRs. A scattering class has been developed and distributed internationally, for exhibitions and school workshops.
Hyperon and antihyperon physics
Authors: Kupsc Andrzej 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Structure, interactions and decays of hyperons can be studied at an electron-positron collider in annihilations to a hyperon-antihyperon pair. This method already has huge impact on hyperon physics since it was used in a first modern measurement of decay asymmetry in the weak

Λ
→
p

π

−

decay and the result calls for reinterpretation of all polarization results for the Λ hyperon. In the experiment by the BESIII Collaboration nearly half million

e

+

e

−

→
ψ
→
Λ

Λ
¯

events were used. The

Λ

Λ
¯

pair production process involves two (complex) hadronic form factors. The observed large relative phase ΔΦ between the form factors, (42.4±0.6±0.5)°, makes it possible to use both transverse polarization and the spin correlations of the

Λ

Λ
¯

pair to simultaneously measure decay parameters for Λ and

Λ
¯

hyperons. Of particular importance is the result for the decay asymmetry parameter α−
in

Λ
→
p

π

−

the most probable Λ decay used to determine Λ polarization. The new α− value from BESIII, 0.750±0.009±0.004, is 17(3)% larger than the world average of 0.642 ± 0.013 adopted by all experiments between 1978 and 2019 to determine Λ polarization from the measured asymmetry in the decay proton distribution. A comparison of the concurrently measured at BESIII α−
and α+, the parameter for the charge conjugated process

Λ
¯

→

p
¯

π

+

, results in a direct CP symmetry test for the hyperon.
The

e

+

e

−

→
Λ

Λ
¯

reaction was studied at BESIII also outside the J/ψ resonance using 66.9 pb−1 collected at

s
=

2.396

GeV. The result is the first complete determination of the time-like elastic form factors GM
and GE
for any baryon including the relative phase ΔΦ = arg(GE/GM
) of (37 ± 12 ± 6)°. The absolute normalization of the form factors is set by the determined Born cross section of σ
Born= 119.0 ± 5.3 ± 5.1 pb. In a separate run at

s
=

2.2324

GeV, 1.0 MeV above threshold for

e

+

e

−

→
Λ

Λ
¯

, a surprisingly large cross section for of 305 ±

45

−
36

+
66

pb was measured.
Study of ∑N interaction from the ∑p scattering experiment at J-PARC
Authors: Miwa K. , Ahn J.K. , Akazawa Y. , Aramaki T. , Ashikaga S. , Callier S. , Chiga N. , Choi S. W. , Ekawa H. , Evtoukhovitch P. , Fujioka N. , Fujita M. , Gogami T. , Harada T. , Hasegawa S. , Hayakawa S.H. , Honda R. , Hoshino S. , Hosomi K. , Ichikawa M. , Ichikawa Y. , Ieiri M. , Ikeda M. , Imai K. , Ishikawa Y. , Ishimoto S. , Jung W. S. , Kajikawa S. , Kanauchi H. , Kanda H. , Kang B. M. , Kawai H. , Kim S. H. , Kobayashi K. , Koike T. , Matsuda K. , Matsumoto Y. , Nagao S. , Nagatomi R. , Nakada Y. , Nakagawa M. , Nakamura I. , Nanamura T. , Naruki M. , Ozawa S. , Raux L. , Rogers T. , Sakaguchi A. , Sakao T. , Sako H. , Sato S. , Shiozaki T. , Shirotori K. , Suzuki K. N. , Suzuki S. , Tabata M. , Taille C. d. L. , Takahashi H. , Takahashi T. , Takahashi T. N. , Tamura H. , Tanaka M. , Tanida K. , Tsamalaidze Z. , Ukai M. , Umetsu H. , Yamamoto T. O. , Yoshida J. , Yoshimura K. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
A high statistics ∑p scattering experiment has been performed at the K1.8 beamline in the J-PARC Hadron Experimental Facility. Data for momentum-tagged ∑− beam running in a liquid hydrogen target were accumulated by detecting the

π

−

p
→

K

+

∑

−

reaction with a high intensity π−
beam of 20 M/spill. The number of the Σ− beam was about 1.7 × 107 in total. The ∑−ρ elastic scattering and the ∑−p → Λn inelastic scattering events were successfully observed with about 100 times larger statistics than that in past experiments.
Bootstrap-based fit of proton dipole scalar polarizabilities from real Compton scattering data
Authors: Sconfietti S , Pedroni P 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We describe the fitting technique that we recently applied to the analysis of the proton real Compton scattering data to extract the dipole scalar polarizabilities α

E1 and β
M1. This fitting technique is based on the parametric bootstrap, which allows one to propagate the probability distribution of the experimental data to the fit results, with no a-priori assumption. It has never been applied before to the analysis of Compton data, and it offers several advantages: for instance, the automatic inclusion of the systematic errors and the propagation of those parameters that enter the model as inputs but that are not fitted. The most important result of our work is the definition of a realistic goodness-of-fit distribution even for those cases where the experimental points cannot be considered as independent Gaussian variables. We define a method that allows one, in different Physics domains, to define the correct p-values associated to a fit result.
What can we learn about twist-2 GPDs through quasi-distributions?
Authors: Bhattacharya S , Cocuzza C , Metz A 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Studying light-cone PDFs through Euclidean correlators is currently of high interest. In particular, quasi parton distribution functions (quasi-PDFs) have attracted a lot of attention. Quasi-PDFs converge to their respective standard distributions if the hadron momentum goes to infinity. We explore the quasi-distribution approach for twist-2 generalized parton distributions (GPDs) in the conventional diquark spectator model. Our analytical expressions of the quasi-GPDs reduce to their corresponding standard ones in the large-momentum limit, substantiating them to be practical tools to predict features of standard GPDs. We illustrate numerical results of quasi-GPDs and of quasi-PDFs. Our focus is to test how well the quasi distributions agree with their standard counterparts for finite hadron momenta. By discussing the sensitivity of our results to model parameters, we highlight robust features of the quasi-GPDs and quasi-PDFs that one may extract from this model study. We also consider moments of quasi distributions.
The proton structure via double parton scattering
Authors: Rinaldi Matteo 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In this talk we present the results of the investigation on the so called double parton distribution functions (dPDFs), accessible quantities in high energy proton-proton and proton nucleus collisions, in double parton scattering processes (DPS). These new and almost unknown distributions encode information on how partons inside a proton are correlated among each other and represent a new tool to explore the three dimensional partonic structure of hadrons. In the present contribution, results of the calculations of dPFDs are presented also including phenomenological investigations on the impact of double correlations in experimental observables, showing how the latter could be observed in the next LHC run. In addition we discuss how present information on experimental observables could be related to the transverse proton structure.
Measuring the skewness dependency of Generalized Parton Distributions
Authors: Zhao S , Voutier E 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Generalized Parton Distributions (GPDs) have emerged over the 1990s as a powerful concept and tool to study nucleon structure. They provide nucleon tomography from the correlation between transverse position and longitudinal momentum of partons. The Double Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering (DDVCS) process consists of the Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering (DVCS) process with a virtual photon in the final state eventually generating a lepton pair, which can be either an electron-positron or a muon-antimuon pair. The virtuality of the final time-like photon can be measured and varied, thus providing an extra lever arm and allowing one to measure the GPDs for the initial and transferred momentum dependences independently. This unique feature of DDVCS is of relevance, among others, for the determination of the distribution of nuclear forces which is accessed through the skewness dependency of GPDs. This proceeding discusses the feasibility and merits of a DDVCS experiment in the context of JLab 12 GeV based on model-predicted pseudo-data, and the capability of extraction of Compton Form Factors based on a fitter algorithm.
Laser-driven radioisotopes production at SCAPA for medical and industrial application
Authors: Battaglia G , Brunetti E , Chishti M M R , Lorusso G , O’Donnell D , Scheck M , Wiggins S M , Jaroszynski D A 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Isotopes for nuclear medicine are scarce and expensive. Researchers worldwide are exploring new production methods to avoid the dependence on nuclear reactors as sources to satisfy future isotope demands. Photo-nuclear reactions have hitherto been used as a tool for studying the nuclear structure. Laser wakefield accelerators (LWFAs) are very compact accelerators capable of producing high energy electron beams. In this paper we investigate the possibility of using LWFAs to produce 225Ac via photo-spallation reactions.
Plans for neutron metrology at NPL
Authors: Bunce Michael , Thomas David , Roberts Neil , Taylor Graeme , Boso Alberto 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The National Physical Laboratory has provided industry and research with neutron fluence and dose standard neutron fields since the 1960’s. Sectors such as civil nuclear power, defence, radiation-protection and fusion generation rely on NPLs facilities to operate safely and ensure traceability back to an internationally recognised UK primary standard. A central part of the capability is the 3.5 MV Van de Graaff accelerator which, using light ions, generates monoenergetic fields of neutrons ranging from a few keV to 19 MeV and intense thermal neutron fields. This accelerator is reaching the end of its operational life and a project to replace it is underway.
Research of the projectile’s layout for penetration capability through metal targets
Authors: Orlov M Yu , Glazyrin V P , Orlov Yu N 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Present paper deals with research of behavoir metal targets impacted by ogive-nosed and blunt-nosed projectiles at 290 m/s. A complex continuum mechanics model was used to describe the material behavior under impact. Numerical modeling of perforation of metal plates with projectile are performed using IMPACT computer code. As test problem, single-plate ballistics test was modeled. In order to verify the model and method, the ballistic experiment was simulated. Good agreement with experimental data was obtained. The results of numerical simulation are shown as computed “Projectile - target” configurations, time dependences of the residual projectile velocity and the computed values of the residual velocity. It has been found that by changing the projectile layout it is possible to increase the residual velocity up to 80%. The deformation mechanisms of targets resulting from different noses shapes of projectile were also studied.
Method for determining parameters of the high energy materials burning rate law
Authors: Arkhipov V A , Bondarchuk S S , Kozlov E A , Zolotorev N N , Bondarchuk I S 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Method for determining parameters of the burning rate law including combustion of high energy material samples in a manometric bomb is proposed. This method is based on solving the inverse problem of internal ballistics in an integral formulation. Unlike the prior versions embodiments of the experimental setup, the principle of ignition of a HEM sample by a heated spiral is used herein. In the prior versions, the ignition of the sample was carried out with black powder, which introduced errors due to gas formation during the burning of the powder. In addition, heat-insulated inserts are installed on inner walls of manometric bomb to prevent heat losses. The results of the method verification for model high energy material are discussed. Verification of the proposed method for identifying the parameters of the burning rate law was carried out for the model HEM composition with known values of thermophysical and ballistic characteristics. The integral method allows determining parameters of the burning rate law u
1, v with the error of not more than 3-4% by experimental dependence p(t) measured with a random error of 10%. At the same time errors of determination u
1, v by the differential method is 14-32%.
Combustion of titanium and chromium powders in the co-flow of a nitrogen-argon mixture
Authors: Evseev N S , Ziatdinov M Kh , Romandin V I , Tolynbekov A B 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The combustion of the titanium and chromium powders in the co-current filtration mode was considered. We considered an original equipment that allows us to study the combustion of metal powders in a co-flow gas stream. It was demonstrated that the proportion of argon in a binary gas mixture has a greater influence on the burning temperature of titanium powder than the specific flow rate of the gas mixture. It was found that the actual burning temperature of chromium in the forced filtration mode is higher than the adiabatic temperature and the phenomenon of superadiabatic heating takes place. This method has high energy efficiency and allows you to get nitrides without the use of high pressures. It was found that co-current filtration promotes the formation of Cr2N nitride.
Prospective methods of investigation of the functioning of cumulative charges
Authors: Grif E M , Guskov A V , Milevskii K E 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
As a result of the analysis of the application of numerical modeling in modern studies of the cumulation process, it is proposed to isolate the estimated parameters at the time of the formation of a shaped jet as an effective way to reduce the resource intensity of calculations. The numerical method is used to study the influence of the microstructure of the cumulative lining material on the efficiency of jet formation. The following parameters are proposed: the angle between the reduced velocity vector of the jet head and the charge axis γ, reflecting the efficiency of the deformation of the cumulative jet material, and the collapse angle of the cumulative lining γ′, reflecting the efficiency of the deformation of the cumulative jet material. The results of the calculation correlate with the known data obtained by other methods, and this confirms the prospects of the chosen direction of the research.
The forcing pressure stabilization during shot
Authors: Guskov A V , Milevsky K E , Khrebtova M S 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The paper presents results of the energy expenditures evaluation for cutting the leading belt in barrel channel grooves during shot. The effect of the airspace diameter tolerance on a change of a forcing value and on an energy consumption when cutting artillery shell into the BB rifling has been investigated. It is shown that the artillery shell with a new type of leading belt provides a reduction of the indicated energy expenditures by almost half, which leads to stabilization of the boost pressure and, as a result, to an ammunition dispersion reduction. The obtained results were implemented at different utility models for artillery shells.
Self-propagating high-temperature synthesis of heat-resistant electrically conductive coatings based on Ni-Al and Ti-Al-C compounds
Authors: Shulpekov A M , Gabbasov R M , Lepakova O K 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Coatings based on aluminium nickelides and Ti2AIC Ti3AlC2 MAX-phases are obtained by the method of self-propagating high-temperature synthesis. The processes occurring in the powder mixture of nickel and aluminium, as well as in the titanium-aluminium-carbon mixture are studied. The effect of the thickness of the coating on the maximum temperature and velocity of combustion wave is found. The coating consists of small crystals NiAl, Ni3Al or Ti2AlC, Ti3AlC3, fused together. The coating has high electrical conductivity and can be used as heat-resistant protective coatings or electric heaters.
The prospects of common vetch cultivation in mixed agrocoenoses in the conditions of Novgorod region
Authors: Ambartsumova K A 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
For effective creation of highly productive plant formation, at first it is necessary to identify how the participants of this density interact with each other throughout the growth season. By cultivating mixed agrocoenoses, it is possible to identify this relationship and strengthen the food supply by establishing the optimal method of seeding and its seeding rates with different components. This article presents the main results of a scientific study of mixed agrocoenosis of vetch with different components at different seeding methods and seeding rates in the conditions of the Novgorod region. In the studies, the vetch was cultivated in a mixture with oats, and also pure vetch and pure oats were also sown to compare the results. The table shows the ratio of the legume-cereal component in the seeding rate and the influence of the seeding rate on such indicators as field germination rate, plant livability and the density of plants standing before harvesting. In the course of research, it was found that the optimal way to sow mixed agrocoenosis in the field of crops according to such indicators as elements of herbage productivity, field germination and crop yield is a combined method (1:1). Using this method of seeding, the resulting yield of the herbage of the common vetch reached 22.3 tph (tons per hectare) in comparison with the examining variant of the single-species dropping of the vetch.
Development of functional products from vegetables for schoolchildren’s nutrition
Authors: Bogonosova I A , Kenijz N V , Zaitseva T N , Artemova E N , Kulikov D A , Barsukova N V 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Modern life requires that products meet the requirements of a healthy nutrition. In the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases, as well as to prevent overweight, it is important to use fruit and vegetable products. In the schoolchildren nutrition, there is currently not enough of it. The article presents the results of studies on the degree of satisfaction of nutrition for schoolchildren of various age categories with a daily set of foods and basic nutrients. The effect of functional vegetable dishes on the daily diet is shown.
Prediction of the properties of food biopolymer gels at the molecular-atomic level
Authors: Borisenko Aleksander A , Bratsikhin A A , Borisenko Aleksey A , Khramtsov A G , Borisenko L A , Permyakov A V 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The analysis of the main regularities, conditions and factors influencing the mechanism of structural changes in food biopolymer molecules during gelation using the laws of thermodynamics is carried out. A computational method for predicting the properties of gel-like food systems is considered. It makes it possible to establish the dependence of the characteristic viscosity of aqueous solutions of hydrocolloids and the hydrodynamic radius of biopolymer molecules on the charge of its molecular structures and the pH of the active acidity of the medium. On the example of gelatin, calculations are presented and it is shown that, in comparison with a neutral medium, the hydrodynamic radius of protein molecules increases approximately to (120–123) % both at high and low pH values, which makes it possible to predict the water-binding capacity of protein molecules and determine the optimal modes of technological processes.
The role of the Valdai Glaciation in the formation of quaternary deposits of the Novgorod region
Authors: Druzhnova M P , Davidova S G 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The article is devoted to the peculiarities of quaternary deposits formation in the territory of the Novgorod region, under the influence of the first four phases of the last covering Valdai glaciation. The authors show the role of this glaciation as the basis for the formation of genetic types of parent rocks for the soils of this area.
Rent contradictions in land valuation, cadastral and investment activities
Authors: Efimova G A , Efimova S V 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The article considers a new scientific concept of rent impact on investment processes in agribusiness based on optimization of rent income by eliminating rent contradictions in cadastral and land valuation activities. The problem of land transfer from production turnover as a result of rent distortions hinders the innovative development of the agricultural economy. The analysis and evaluation of factor income confirms the high interdependence of rent factors in the combination of labor, capital and land. The degradation of one of them hinders the development of the others. Therefore, it is important to balance the development of production resources by regulating factor income. Imbalances in rental income result in losses of resources. The research is aimed at developing a scientific approach to the implementation of innovative priorities in the development of agribusiness by eliminating rent contradictions in land valuation and cadastral activities. The results of the research are reduced to the development of a system of rent regulators for innovative development of the agricultural economy through the introduction of methods for structuring rental income in land valuation and cadastral activities. Localization of intensive rental income in agricultural production becomes possible only in the conditions of redistribution of extensive forms of rental income (differential rent first, natural rent, monopoly rent), which is a fundamental condition for creating a competitive environment and investment development of the agricultural economy.