bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations between folate intake, body composition, and liver status in healthy adults
Authors: Młodzik-Czyżewska Monika , Malinowska Anna , Chmurzynska Agata 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA link has recently been underlined between one-carbon metabolism and body weight and body composition, suggesting that folate may account for body mass determination and lipid metabolism. The aim of this study was thus to analyze whether folate intake is associated with body weight, body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage, and liver status.409 subjects aged 20–40 were enrolled in Poznań, Poland from 2016 to 2018. Food intake was assessed using three-day food records. Folate intake was calculated based on food composition tables using the Diet 5.0 program (National Food and Nutrition Institute, Poland). Weight to 0.1 kg and height to 0.01 m were measured using an electronic scale and a stadiometer, respectively. BMI was calculated as body weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Fat mass and lean body mass were determined using whole-body air-displacement plethysmography (BodPod, Cosmed, Italy). Genotyping of rs1801133 (MTHFR) was performed with TaqMan probes. The following biomarkers of liver steatosis were calculated: NAFLD liver fat score (NAFLD-LFS), fatty liver index (FLI), and hepatic steatosis index (HSI). To analyze the associations between folate intake and the measured parameters, we used multiple regression with adjustments for age, sex, and energy intake.The mean body weight was 78.57 ± 18.14 kg, BMI 25.96 ± 5.28 kg/m2, and fat percentage 29.20% ± 10.78%. The median folate intake was 299.3 μg/day. Dietary folate intake was negatively associated with body weight, BMI, and body fat percentage (p < 0.05 for all associations). Folate intake was also associated with fatty liver indices—namely HSI (p < 0.05) and FLI (p < 0.05). There was no association between folate intake and NAFLD-LFS. MTHFR rs1801133 polymorphism was not associated with any of the measured parameters.Our findings suggest that folate intake may affect body weight and composition, as well as liver status. Higher folate intake could have a protective effect against obesity, but further studies are necessary to investigate the mechanism.The authors declare that they have no conflict of interests.This work was supported by the Polish National Science Centre(grants 2014/15/B/NZ9/02134 and 2016/21/N/NZ9/01195).
Effect of vitamin B6 supplementation, in combination with magnesium, on severe stress and magnesium status: secondary analysis from an RCT
Authors: Noah Lionel , Pickering Gisèle , Dubray Claude , Mazur Andre , Hitier Simon , Pouteau Etienne 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIntroductionEvidence from a recent randomised controlled trial1 suggests that in severely stressed subjects with low magnesemia, supplementation with magnesium (Mg) in combination with vitamin B6 (B6) provides greater benefits than Mg alone. B6 was reported to facilitate Mg absorption and its cellular uptake and to exert synergistic effect with Mg. The current secondary analysis explored the relationship between Mg-B6 combination and erythrocyte Mg concentration, used as a biomarker of body Mg status.Material and MethodsAn 8-week, Phase IV, controlled, single-blinded, parallel-group trial (EudraCT Number 2015-003749-24) stratified by sex was conducted in adults (n = 264) with a Depression Anxiety Stress Scales - stress subscale score (DASS-42SS) > 18 and serum Mg of 0.5–0.85mmol/L, randomised 1:1 to daily oral Mg-B6 (Magne B6®, Mg 300 mg; B6 30mg) or oral Mg alone (Magnespasmyl®, Mg 300mg). Outcomes were stress score, serum Mg (mmol/L), erythrocytes Mg (mmol/L), and serum B6 (nmol/L) from baseline to Week4 and Week8. Data are given as mean(SD) values.Results & DiscussionBaseline characteristics. Baseline magnesemia was 0.80(0.04) for both groups. Erythrocyte Mg concentration for the lower quintile of the studied population (n = 53) was 0.73–1.62, below the normal range of 1.65–2.65 in general population. The mean stress score in this subgroup was higher [29.5(6.3)], but not significantly different from that in other quintiles [lowest value: 26.1(7.6)]. Baseline B6 serum level for the lower B6 quintile (5–23), below the normal range for general population, was suggestive of possible B6 deficiency.Treatment effects. Both treatments increased slightly but not significantly erythrocyte Mg level from baseline to Week8 [1.84(0.03) to 1.86(0.03), and 1.86(0.03) to 188(0.03), respectively for Mg + B6 and Mg groups]. Significant changes were observed in subjects with low erythrocyte Mg level at baseline (< 1.6), namely an increase of + 0.13(0.04–0.22) for Mg + B6 and + 0.17(0.08–0.25) for Mg groups, but with no difference between treatments. Moreover, Mg + B6 supplementation led to a significant change (p < 0.0001) in serum B6 level between baseline and Wk8 [55.9(4.8) to 370.9(11.3)], as compared to Mg alone [51.9(4.8) to 51.5(11.3)].In conclusion, both treatments significantly increased erythrocyte Mg in subjects with low Mg status. B6 supplementation did not lead to further increase in erythrocyte Mg level. We have previously shown that severely stressed population benefits from B6 supplementation in combination with Mg, however, the mechanism of the interaction between Mg and B6 remains to be elucidated.1Sponsored by Sanofi
Breath volatile compounds and conjugated polyunsaturated fatty acids as metabolic biomarkers reflecting the interaction between chitin-glucan and the gut microbiota.
Authors: Rodriguez Julie , Neyrinck Audrey M. , Nazare Julie-anne , Zhang Zhengxiao , Seethaler Benjamin , Sanchez Candido Robles , Muccioli Giulio , Maquet Véronique , Bischoff Stephan C. , Walter Jens , Laville Martine , Delzenne Nathalie M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIntroductionDietary fibers (DF) are considered as beneficial nutrients for health. Current data suggest that their interaction with the gut microbiota largely contributes to their physiological effects. The FiberTAG project(1) innovates in searching for new biomarkers reflecting the health effect of dietary fibers, including chitin-glucan (CG, extracted from the fungal exoskeleton Aspergillus niger). CG improves metabolic disorders associated with obesity in mice, but its effect on gut microbiota composition and function has never been evaluated in vivo in humans.Materials and MethodsCG (KitoZyme, Belgium) was given to healthy volunteers (n = 15), during three weeks (4.5g/day). Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) metabolites released in breath were analyzed using SYFT methodology. Fatty acid (FA) profiling was assessed in stool samples, by gas-liquid chromatography(2). The gut microbiome was analyzed by Illumina sequencing (V5-V6 region of 16S rRNA).ResultsThree weeks of CG supplementation was well tolerated and lead to changes in the kinetics of breath VOC, especially the short-chain fatty acid, alcohols and alkanes. Fecal vaccenic acid, produced upon the bacterial metabolism of fatty acids, was significantly increased by CG. Several bacterial genera were correlated with breath VOC (i.e. 2 methylbutyric acid and RuminococcaceaeUCG005). Moreover, Roseburia, often presented as a butyrate producer, was positively correlated with the production of a rumenic acid isomer “cis-9,cis-11-18:2”.DiscussionWe show that breath VOC analysis, a non-invasive methodology, reveals characteristics of microbiota-CG interactions. We also show that CG selectively changes the profile of FA metabolites, in favor of vaccenic acid, another bioactive metabolite produced by Roseburia, prone to act on host physiology. This study will help to establish a set of new biomarkers linking insoluble DF and gut microbiota, with focus on their interest in human health.
Propionic acid intervention in obese Ldlr-/-.Leiden mice attenuates NASH development, but negatively affects cognition
Authors: Gart Eveline , Tengeler Anouk , Morrison Martine , Kosicz Tamas , van Duyvenvoorde Wim , Kleemann Robert , Kiliaan Amanda 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIntroduction:There is an increasing interest to elucidate the health effects of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) on metabolism, obesity and brain function. Obesity is often associated with the development of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and cognitive impairment. We herein investigated potential health effects of the SCFA propionic acid (PA) on NASH development and brain function including cognition and behavior readouts.Materials and Methods:During 17 weeks of run-in, LDLR-/-.Leiden mice received either high-fat diet (HFD) to establish obesity or chow as control. Obese mice were matched into groups (n = 15/group) and treated with propionic acid (PA + HFD), or a reference fatty acid (caproic acid; CA + HFD), or HFD without supplements (HFD). Cognitive and behavioral effects, as well as metabolic and inflammatory risk factors, were assessed prior to and after 12 weeks of treatment. At endpoint, liver and adipose tissue pathology were histologically and biochemically analyzed.Results:PA, but not reference CA, reduced body weight and this effect was independent of food intake. PA also reduced fasting insulin levels and plasma cholesterol levels relative to the start of intervention. In addition, PA reduced total and subcutaneous fat mass, but did not affect WAT inflammation. Histopathological analysis of the liver demonstrated that PA reduced macrovesicular steatosis, hypertrophy and inflammation. Consistent herewith, PA reduced the inflammatory marker serum amyloid A and tended to increase intrahepatic ketone bodies (β-hydroxybutyrate), and lowered the hepatic collagen content. PA treatment did not affect normal behavior in the open field test but mice showed impaired spatial memory, i.e. the latency to find the platform in the Morris water maze was increased. In line with these findings, synaptophysin expression in the hippocampus and vasoactivity in both the cortex and hippocampus and mitochondrial activity in the cerebellum was decreased by PA. The reference fatty acid CA exerted no effects on the above readouts.Discussion:Overall, PA exerted pronounced positive effects on metabolic risk factors (insulin, cholesterol, adipose mass) and attenuated the development of NASH and liver fibrosis. The observed higher levels of intrahepatic ketone bodies suggest that lipid β-oxidation is increased which may contribute to the health effects in the liver and reduced fat mass. Contrarily, PA negatively affected spatial memory, which could be a result of reduced synaptophysin expression and decreased mitochondrial function in the brain leading to impaired neurotransmitter signaling and cognitive performance.
Plasma albumin redox state is superior to conventional biomarkers to indicate the presence of potential protein undernutrition
Authors: Wada Yasuaki , Izumi Hirohisa , Shimizu Takashi , Takeda Yasuhiro 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe redox state of plasma albumin would reflect albumin synthesis rate, and could be useful to demonstrate the presence of potential protein undernutrition. Aiming to delineate the characteristics of plasma albumin redox state as a nutritional biomarker, adult male Wistar rats were maintained on AIN-93M (14% casein, control diet) or an AIN-93M-based low protein diet (5% casein) ad libitum for 4 weeks, and the two groups were compared by examining plasma albumin redox state, plasma/serum levels of conventional biomarkers for protein nutritional status, and plasma proteome. While no significant difference was seen in body weight at the end of the experimental period, plantaris muscle mass trended lower in the low protein diet group, implicating the manifestation of moderate protein undernutrition. The redox of plasma albumin was shifted to more oxidized state in the low protein diet group, and the shift persisted during the entire experimental period. In contrast, the levels of conventional biomarkers, plasma albumin and prealbumin, were initially decreased in the low protein diet group, and the differences were then dissolved later in the experimental period. Similarly, the levels of other biomarkers, plasma transferrin and serum retinol-binding protein-4, did not differ significantly at the end of the experimental period. Plasma proteomic analysis revealed that the abundances of proteins that constitute high-density lipoprotein (HDL), apolipoprotein A-II and paraoxonase-1, were decreased in the low protein diet group, which were then validated by confirming decreases in plasma HDL level, plasma HDL-cholesterol level, and serum paraoxonase-1 activity in the low protein diet group. According to epidemiological reports, dietary protein intake is positively associated with plasma HDL-cholesterol level, and the risk factors of cardiovascular diseases, including lower HDL-cholesterol level, are closely related to frailty. Thus, it can be conceived that moderate dietary protein insufficiency would increase cardiovascular risks, such as reduction in HDL level and function (paraoxonase-1 activity), which could prime the onset of amyotropic diseases later in life, such as sarcopenia and frailty. Collectively, moderate dietary protein insufficiency would lead to decreased skeletal muscle mass, and also attenuate circulating HDL level and function, which could even aggravate the attenuation of skeletal muscle accretion; the redox state of plasma albumin would be instrumental over conventional biomarkers as an indicator of potentially protein undernourished status.
Nutritional knowledge and practice preliminary results of the nationally representative study on nutrition of Polish population, (National Health Programme 2016–2020)
Authors: Traczyk Iwona , Respondek Wioleta , Szostak-Węgierek Dorota , Raciborski Filip ,   NPZ-WUM study group https://dieta.wum.edu.pl/zespol-npz-1
Published: June 2020

AbstractImproper nutrition is an important risk factor for many chronic diseases. The presented study is a part of the Polish population representative epidemiological studies on the diet and nutritional status, the identification of food-related diseases risk factors, the physical activity level, nutritional knowledge level, and health inequities, implemented under The National Health Program 2016–2020, financed by the Ministry of Health.The speech will present selected preliminary study results of 1,471 respondents (709 aged 19–64 (A); 762 aged 65 + (B) carried on since December 2018 to December 2018 from planed representative Polish population (each groups: 2000 respondents). Presented data was collected on the basis of nutrition assessment (food frequency questionnaire (KomPAN), 24 hours recall - 2 days - interval of at least 3 days), identification of diet-related diseases risk factors (body weight, body height, waist and hips circumferences estimation, 2 blood pressure measurements), physical activity (the accelerometer, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire) and the nutritional knowledge level (KomPAN). Statistical analyses: SPSS program (version 25.0), data on diet composition assessed in DIET 5.0.Excessive body mass occurred in 63.9% respondents (A: 51.3%, B: 72.3%), obesity - in 16.7% A and 35.3% B participants. The average diet energy value was: A- 2035 kcal (2452 in men, 1745 in women), B - 1933 kcal (2283 in men, 1705 in women). The percentage of calories from protein, fat and carbohydrate was similar in both groups: around 14%, 34% and 50% respectively.Good nutritional knowledge was found in 39.5% individuals from group A and 42.8% from group B, the average knowledge level was diagnosed in 57% and 53.8% respondents respectively. Knowledge about proper nutrition did not mean proper nutritional choices. Vegetables were eaten a few times per day only by 36.8% A and 30.4% B respondents with good nutritional knowledge, milk and cottage cheese consumption declared 8% subjects from each group and fermented dairy products 11% A and 13% B participants.It is worth pointing out that 50% respondents with good nutritional knowledge ate fish less than once a month. Preliminary analysis shown that the prevalence of excessive body mass in Poland is very high, the high number of obese people aged over 65 is especially disturbing.The detailed analysis of nutritional status, data on physical activity and the occurrence of diet-related diseases among the subjects, planned to be presented during conference, will give the possibility for creation of effective preventive action, which improve the public health in Poland.
The reproducibility and stability of dietary patterns
Authors: Prendiville Orla , McNamara Aoife E. , Brennan Lorraine 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA person's dietary intake consists of multiple foods eaten as part of a meal as opposed to any one single food/nutrient. Therefore, it is important to understand the interactions between foods and how they affect diet-disease associations. As a result, dietary patterns have emerged as important tools in nutrition research. The objective of the current study is to assess the reproducibility and stability of dietary patterns across four different time-points. Anthropometric measurements were taken from a subset of participants of a free-living cohort study (n = 94), followed by the administration of a 24-hour dietary recall once a month, for four months. The dietary data was entered into dietary analysis software, Nutritics, by two researchers independently, and cross-checked. Foods were assigned to one of 33 predefined food groups, which were further collapsed to 18 food groups based on previous research. Statistical analysis was then performed on the final dataset. Intra-class correlation coefficients were derived to assess the reproducibility of each food group across the four time-points. Variables were standardized using z-scores and dietary patterns were derived using K-means cluster analysis. Stability was assessed by coding participants into one of six groups based on their dietary pattern transition between visit one and four. Analysis of this sub cohort revealed that the intake of food groups (% energy contribution) was reproducible across the time-points. The majority had good to very good agreement, with vegetables and vegetable dishes having the strongest agreement (ICC = 0.831) followed by milk and yogurts (ICC = 0.773), fruit and fruit dishes (ICC = 0.729), and breakfast cereals (ICC = 0.680). Two distinct dietary patterns were identified at each time-point; a ‘Healthy’ and an ‘Unhealthy’ dietary pattern. The ‘Healthy’ dietary pattern was characterized by a significantly higher energy contribution (p < 0.05) from the following food groups – vegetables and vegetable dishes; fruit and fruit dishes; milk and yogurts; breakfast cereals; butter, spreading fats and oils. The analysis on stability demonstrated 42% of participants remained in the same dietary pattern, while 58% transitioned from one dietary pattern to the other. Our results to date demonstrate that two distinct dietary patterns can be derived across multiple time-points using cluster analysis and the food group composition of these dietary patterns can be considered reproducible. Future work will explore these dietary patterns further incorporating the entire cohort and linking stability to health parameters.
Development and implementation of online tools for personalized dietary advice at home or in a clinical setting: Eetscore and NutriProfiel
Authors: Balvers Michiel , De Rijk Mariëlle , Slotegraaf Anne , Gunnewiek Jacqueline Klein , De Vries Jeanne 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIntroduction:It is known that significant proportions of the general public do not meet current recommendations. This may be explained by a lack of knowledge or perceived difficulty trying to adhere to the recommendations. In addition, health professionals, such as general physicians, lack solid education in nutrition, which hampers optimal care and prevention in diet-related disorders. In order to help people and health professionals to improve dietary habits, the Eetscore and NutriProfiel tools were developed and implemented.Methods:The Eetscore tool assesses to what extent daily intake adheres to the 2015 Dutch Food Based Dietary Guidelines developed by the Dutch Health Council. The tool consists of a short online food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) which is scored with the Dutch Healthy Diet Index. The total Eetscore (including 16 subscores) ranges from zero to 160, with higher scores implying better adherence to the guidelines. Both FFQ and Index have been validated.NutriProfiel is a specific application in which the Eetscore monitors micronutrients. Micronutrient deficiencies are common and diagnosed with blood tests. A deficiency may be explained by poor diet or pathophysiology, which requires different follow-up. Therefore, it is important to include information on dietary intake while interpreting micronutrient blood concentrations. For NutriProfiel, the clinical laboratory information system is coupled to the Eetscore questionnaire. Patients who undergo laboratory testing for vitamin B6, folate, B12 and/or D receive a link to the Eetscore questionnaire. Nutriprofiel combines blood values and dietary intake to generate a dietary advice. The advice contains practical hints to increase micronutrient intake and is reported electronically to the doctor.Results:The Eetscore and NutriProfiel tools have been successfully developed and implemented in 2015, with an increasing number of (clinical) users. The Eetscore has been evaluated and applied for monitoring intake in research, and in medical practices as part of an ehealth platform in health professionals and patients.The NutriProfiel tool has been positively evaluated by its users and is currently available for all requests for vitamin blood analyses coming from general physicians and selected medical specialists (e.g. gastrointestinal medicine, internal medicine).Discussion:Both the Eetscore and NutriProfiel have been successfully developed and implemented for use in both home settings as well as clinical settings. Future perspectives include further implementation of the Eetscore for other clinical disciplines or specific patient populations. For NutriProfiel, future perspectives also include expanding the list of nutrient biomarkers for which a personalized dietary advice can be provided.
Sugars content in foods for infants and young children in Bulgarian markets
Authors: Partzova Angelina , Rangelova Lalka , Chikova-Ischener Ekaterina 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIntroduction:A sale of commercial foods for infants and young children in Bulgaria has grown rapidly in the last years. Recent evidence suggests that the nutritional content of some commercial foods for infants and young children may be associated with the risk factors for development of non-communicable diseases later on life.The aims of the study were to collect data on available food products for infants and young children (0–36 months) in Bulgaria and to assess the sugars content in them. The survey is part of WHO Regional Office for Europe project: Commercial foods for infants and young children in the WHO European Region.Materials and methods:The data was collected in November 2017 in two districts in capital city Sofia using the mobile questionnaire, developed by WHO Regional Office for Europe. Total sugars content of the products, where declared on the label, was recorded for 3153 products (breast-milk, follow-on formula, growing-up milk, complementary foods) from 91 shops (minimarket, pharmacy, drugstore, supermarket, baby goods store). Additional information was collected from the label for the presence of sugars or any other sweetening agents.Results:he results reviled that the maximum total sugars content in different products ranged from 0 g per 100 kcal to 25 g per 100 kcal. The products in Bulgarian markets have relatively high sugars contents and the energy from sugars was 15% in 67% of products; more than 30% in 49% of studded foods and more than 40% in 42% of foods for infants and young children. The most added sweetening agents were sugar -17.7% and fruit juice concentrate -16.9%.Discussion:hese products can promote preference for sweet foods an early age and increase the risk of overweight and dental caries. The very high levels of sugars present in commercial products in Bulgarian market are cause for concern.