bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parkinsonism Associated with Gabapentinoid Drugs: A Pharmacoepidemiologic Study
Authors: Pacheco‐Paez Tatiana , Montastruc François , Rousseau Vanessa , Chebane Leila , Lapeyre‐Mestre Maryse , Renoux Christel , Montastruc Jean‐Louis 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundUse of gabapentinoids is increasing. Following recent case reports, we investigated a putative risk of parkinsonism with pregabalin or gabapentin.MethodsA disproportionality analysis of 5,653,547 individual case safety reports in the World Health Organization individual case safety report database, VigiBase, compared all patients with parkinsonism who were receiving gabapentinoids with other patients. Results are shown as reporting odds ratios and the information component, an indicator of disproportionate Bayesian reporting. Sensitivity analyses included comparisons with drugs used for similar indications (amitriptyline, duloxetine) and exclusion of drugs that induce parkinsonism.ResultsAmong 5,653,547 reports, 4925 parkinsonism reports were found with pregabalin and 4881 with gabapentin. Gabapentin and pregabalin were associated with increased reporting odds ratio (2.16 [2.10–2.23], 2.43 [2.36–2.50]). Similar trends were found using information components after excluding drugs that induce parkinsonism and for pregabalin compared with amitriptyline or duloxetine.ConclusionsThis study found that gabapentinoids (particularly pregabalin) can be associated with parkinsonism. © 2019 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Imaging diamagnetic susceptibility of collagen in hepatic fibrosis using susceptibility tensor imaging
Authors: Wei Hongjiang , Decker Kyle , Nguyen Hien , Cao Steven , Tsai Tsung‐Yuan , Dianne Guy Cynthia , Bashir Mustafa , Liu Chunlei 
Published: October 2019

PurposeTo characterize the magnetic susceptibility changes of liver fibrosis using susceptibility tensor imaging.MethodsLiver biopsy tissue samples of patients with liver fibrosis were obtained. Three‐dimensional gradient‐echo and diffusion‐weighted images were acquired at 9.4 T. Susceptibility tensors of the samples were calculated using the gradient‐echo phase signal acquired at 12 different orientations relative to the B0 field. Susceptibility anisotropy of the liver collagen fibers was quantified and compared with diffusion anisotropy, measured by DTI. For validation, a comparison was made to histology including hematoxylin and eosin staining, iron staining, and Masson’s trichrome staining.ResultsAreas with strong diamagnetic susceptibility were observed in the tissue samples forming fibrous patterns. This diamagnetic susceptibility was highly anisotropic. Both the mean magnetic susceptibility and susceptibility anisotropy of collagen fibers exhibited a strong contrast against the surrounding nonfibrotic tissues. The same regions also showed an elevated diffusion anisotropy but with much lower tissue contrast. Masson’s trichrome staining identified concentrated collagens in the fibrous regions with high susceptibility anisotropy, and a linear correlation was found between the susceptibility anisotropy and the histology‐based staging.ConclusionDiamagnetic susceptibility indicates the presence of collagen in the fibrotic liver tissues. Mapping magnetic susceptibility anisotropy may serve as a potential marker to quantify collagen fiber changes in patients with liver fibrosis.
Dehydration assessment via a portable, single sided magnetic resonance sensor
Authors: Bashyam Ashvin , Frangieh Chris J. , Li Matthew , Cima Michael J. 
Published: October 2019

PurposeUndiagnosed dehydration compromises health outcomes across many populations. Existing dehydration diagnostics require invasive bodily fluid sampling or are easily confounded by fluid and electrolyte intake, environment, and physical activity limiting widespread adoption. We present a portable MR sensor designed to measure intramuscular fluid shifts to identify volume depletion.MethodsFluid loss is induced via a mouse model of thermal dehydration (37°C; 15‐20% relative humidity). We demonstrate quantification of fluid loss induced by hyperosmotic dehydration with multicomponent T2 relaxometry using both a benchtop NMR system and MRI localized to skeletal muscle tissue. We then describe a miniaturized (~1000 cm3) portable (~4 kg) MR sensor (0.28 T) designed to identify dehydration‐induced fluid loss. T2 relaxometry measurements were performed using a Carr‐Purcell‐Meiboom‐Gill pulse sequence in ~4 min.ResultsT2 values from the portable MR sensor exhibited strong (R2 = 0.996) agreement with benchtop NMR spectrometer. Thermal dehydration induced weight loss of 4 to 11% over 5 to 10 h. Fluid loss induced by thermal dehydration was accurately identified via whole‐animal NMR and skeletal muscle. The portable MR sensor accurately identified dehydration via multicomponent T2 relaxometry.ConclusionPerforming multicomponent T2 relaxometry localized to the skeletal muscle with a miniaturized MR sensor provides a noninvasive, physiologically relevant measure of dehydration induced fluid loss in a mouse model. This approach offers sensor portability, reduced system complexity, fully automated operation, and low cost compared with MRI. This approach may serve as a versatile and portable point of care technique for dehydration monitoring.
An orthogonal shim coil for 3T brain imaging
Authors: Zhou Jiazheng , Stockmann Jason P. , Arango Nicolas , Witzel Thomas , Scheffler Klaus , Wald Lawrence L. , Lin Fa‐Hsuan 
Published: October 2019

PurposeWe designed and implemented an orthogonal shim array consisting of shim coils with their planes perpendicular to the planes of neighboring RF coils. This shim coil improves the magnetic field homogeneity by minimizing the interference to RF coils.MethodsUsing realistic off‐resonance maps of the human brain, we first evaluated the performance of shim coils in different orientations. Based on simulations, we developed a 7‐channel orthogonal shim array, whose coil plan was perpendicular to neighboring RF coils, at the forehead. A programmable open‐source current driver supplied shim currents.ResultsThe 7‐channel orthogonal shim array caused only marginal SNR loss to the integrated 32‐channel RF‐shim array. The 7‐channel orthogonal shim array itself improved the magnetic field homogeneity by 30% in slice‐optimized shimming, comparable to the baseline shimming offered by the scanner’s 2nd order spherical harmonic shimming.ConclusionOrthogonal shim coils can improve the field homogeneity while maintaining high image SNR.
Trabecular bone imaging using a 3D adiabatic inversion recovery prepared ultrashort TE Cones sequence at 3T
Authors: Ma Ya‐Jun , Chen Yanjun , Li Liang , Cai Zhenyu , Wei Zhao , Jerban Saeed , Jang Hyungseok , Chang Eric Y. , Du Jiang 
Published: October 2019

PurposeTo investigate direct imaging of trabecular bone using a 3D adiabatic inversion recovery prepared ultrashort TE cones (3D IR‐UTE‐Cones) sequence.MethodsThe proposed 3D IR‐UTE‐Cones sequence used a broadband adiabatic inversion pulse together with a short TR/TI combination to suppress signals from long T2 tissues such as muscle and marrow fat, followed by multispoke UTE acquisition to detect signal from short T2 water components in trabecular bone. The feasibility of this technique for robust suppression of long T2 tissues was first demonstrated through numerical simulations. The proposed IR‐UTE‐Cones sequence was applied to a hip agarose bone phantom and to 6 healthy volunteers for morphologic and quantitative and proton density mapping of trabecular bone.ResultsNumeric simulation suggests that the IR technique with a short TR/TI combination provides sufficient suppression of long T2 tissues with a wide range of T1s. High contrast imaging of trabecular bone can be achieved ex vivo and in vivo, with fitted values of 0.3–0.45 ms and proton densities of 5–9 mol/L.ConclusionThe 3D IR‐UTE‐Cones sequence with a short TR/TI combination provides robust suppression of long T2 tissues and allows both selective imaging and quantitative ( and proton density) assessment of short T2 water components in trabecular bone in vivo.
CEST MRI quantification procedures for breast cancer treatment‐related lymphedema therapy evaluation
Authors: Crescenzi Rachelle , Donahue Paula M. C. , Mahany Helen , Lants Sarah K. , Donahue Manus J. 
Published: October 2019

PurposeTo quantify chemical exchange saturation transfer contrast in upper extremities of participants with lymphedema before and after standardized lymphatic mobilization therapy using correction procedures for B0 and B1 heterogeneity, and T1 relaxation.MethodsFemales with (n = 12) and without (n = 17) breast cancer treatment‐related lymphedema (BCRL) matched for age and body mass index were scanned at 3.0T MRI. B1 efficiency and T1 were calculated in series with chemical exchange saturation transfer in bilateral axilla (B1 amplitude = 2µT, Δω = ±5.5 ppm, slices = 9, spatial resolution = 1.8 × 1.47 × 5.5 mm3). B1 dispersion measurements (B1 = 1‐3 µT; increment = 0.5 µT) were performed in controls (n = 6 arms in 3 subjects). BCRL participants were scanned pre‐ and post‐manual lymphatic drainage (MLD) therapy. Chemical exchange saturation transfer amide proton transfer (APT) and nuclear Overhauser effect (NOE) metrics corrected for B1 efficiency were calculated, including proton transfer ratio (PTR'), magnetization transfer ratio asymmetry , and apparent exchange‐dependent relaxation (AREX'). Nonparametric tests were used to evaluate relationships between metrics in BCRL participants pre‐ versus post‐MLD (two‐sided P < 0.05 required for significance).ResultsB1 dispersion experiments showed nonlinear dependence of Z‐values on B1 efficiency in the upper extremities; PTR' showed < 1% mean fractional difference between subject‐specific and group‐level correction procedures. PTR'APT significantly correlated with T1 (Spearman's rho = 0.57, P < 0.001) and body mass index (Spearman's rho = −0.37, P = 0.029) in controls and with lymphedema stage (Spearman's rho = 0.48, P = 0.017) in BCRL participants. Following MLD therapy, PTR'APT significantly increased in the affected arm of BCRL participants (pre‐ vs. post‐MLD: 0.41 ± 0.05 vs. 0.43 ± 0.03, P = 0.02), consistent with treatment effects from mobilized lymphatic fluid.ConclusionChemical exchange saturation transfer metrics, following appropriate correction procedures, respond to lymphatic mobilization therapies and may have potential for evaluating treatments in participants with secondary lymphedema.
Near‐isotropic noncontrast MRA of the renal and peripheral arteries using a thin‐slab stack‐of‐stars quiescent interval slice‐selective acquisition
Authors: Edelman Robert R. , Aherne Emily , Leloudas Nondas , Pang Jianing , Koktzoglou Ioannis 
Published: October 2019

PurposeNoncontrast MRA avoids potential risks from gadolinium‐based contrast agents. A 2D noncontrast technique, quiescent interval slice‐selective (QISS), accurately evaluates the peripheral arteries but has limited spatial resolution along the slice direction. We therefore implemented a prototype thin‐slab stack‐of‐stars version (tsSOS‐QISS) with nearly isotropic spatial resolution and tested it in the renal and peripheral arteries of healthy subjects and patients with vascular disease.MethodsThe study was approved by the hospital institutional review board. A total of 16 subjects were scanned at 1.5 T: 7 for imaging of the renal arteries and 9 for imaging of the peripheral arteries. For tsSOS‐QISS of the renal arteries, each slab consisted of about sixteen 1.3‐mm‐thick or 2.0‐mm‐thick slices (interpolated to thirty‐two 0.65‐mm‐thick or 1.0‐mm‐thick 3D partitions) oriented in an oblique axial or oblique coronal view along the length of the target vessel and was acquired in a breath‐hold. For tsSOS‐QISS of the peripheral arteries, 20 axial overlapping thin slabs were typically acquired, each with twelve 1.3‐mm‐thick slices (interpolated to twenty‐four 0.65‐mm‐thick 3D partitions). Image quality, vessel sharpness in multiplanar reconstructions, and normalized SNR were measured.ResultsImage quality and normalized SNR in the renal and peripheral arteries were significantly better compared with 2D QISS acquired at the same spatial resolution, while vessel sharpness was improved in multiplanar reconstructions of the renal arteries.ConclusionThe tsSOS‐QISS technique overcomes a significant limitation of 2D QISS by providing nearly isotropic spatial resolution with improved image quality, normalized SNR, and vessel sharpness in multiplanar reconstructions.
Fast correction of B0 field inhomogeneity for pH‐specific magnetization transfer and relaxation normalized amide proton transfer imaging of acute ischemic stroke without Z‐spectrum
Authors: Sun Phillip Zhe 
Published: October 2019

PurposeThe magnetization transfer and relaxation normalized amide proton transfer (MRAPT) analysis is promising to provide a highly pH‐specific mapping of tissue acidosis, complementing commonly used CEST asymmetry analysis. We aimed to develop a fast B0 inhomogeneity correction algorithm for acute stroke magnetization transfer and relaxation normalized amide proton transfer imaging without Z‐spectral interpolation.MethodsThe proposed fast field inhomogeneity correction describes B0 artifacts with linear regression. We compared the new algorithm with the routine interpolation correction approach in CEST imaging of a dual‐pH phantom. The fast B0 correction was further evaluated in amide proton transfer imaging of normal and acute stroke rats.ResultsOur phantom data showed that the proposed fast B0 inhomogeneity correction significantly improved pH MRI contrast, recovering over 80% of the pH MRI contrast‐to‐noise‐ratio difference between the raw magnetization transfer ratio asymmetry and that using the routine interpolation‐based B0 correction approach. In normal rat brains, the proposed fast B0 correction improved pH‐specific MRI uniformity across the intact tissue, with the ratio of magnetization transfer and relaxation normalized amide proton transfer ratio being 10% of that without B0 inhomogeneity correction. In acute stroke rats, fast B0 inhomogeneity–corrected pH MRI reveals substantially improved pH lesion conspicuity, particularly in regions with nonnegligible B0 inhomogeneity. The pH MRI contrast‐to‐noise ratio between the ipsilateral diffusion lesion and contralateral normal tissue improved significantly with fast B0 correction (from 1.88 ± 0.48 to 2.20 ± 0.44, P < .01).ConclusionsOur study established an expedient B0 inhomogeneity correction algorithm for fast pH imaging of acute ischemia.
Population Contributions of Large Females May be Eroded by Contaminant Body Burden and Maternal Transfer: A Case Study of Alligator Gar
Authors: Harried Brittany L. , Daugherty Daniel J. , Hoeinghaus David J. , Roberts Aaron P. , Venables Barney J. , Sutton Trent M. , Soulen Brianne K. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Within a population, larger individuals tend to have higher fecundity and produce higher quality eggs. For this reason, larger, older females often disproportionately contribute to recruitment. However, increases in body size and age have also been shown to correlate with increased bioaccumulation of environmental contaminants, which negatively impact reproduction and larval survival. In this study, we tested for maternal age and size effects on fecundity, egg size and quality, contaminant body burden, and maternal transfer in Alligator Gar Atractosteus spatula to assess the potential for contaminant bioaccumulation to offset reproductive benefits of large females. We measured fecundity and egg quality (via lipid content) as well as tissue concentrations of mercury, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in female Alligator Gar from the Trinity River, Texas. Fecundity was positively correlated with body size, but egg lipid was not significantly correlated with body size or with fecundity. Total mercury (THg) in both liver and muscle was positively correlated with maternal body size, and egg THg was positively correlated with maternal body size and liver THg. All liver and egg samples contained detectable levels of PCBs and OCPs, which were positively correlated with body size. Concentrations of PCBs and OCPs were positively correlated between tissues for each female, with egg concentrations being generally higher than liver concentrations. Based on concentrations of Hg, PCBs, and OCPs known to cause biological impairment in adult and larval fishes, the concentrations observed in this study suggest that adult reproductive function and behavior—as well as egg hatching success, larval development, and survival—could be compromised. Our results provide data that are relevant for managing the lower Trinity River Alligator Gar population and also serve as a case study demonstrating that the reproductive benefits of larger, older females may be eroded by contaminant accumulation and maternal transfer.
Opto‐electronic properties of blue phosphorene oxide with and without oxygen vacancies
Authors: Zuluaga‐Hernández Edison A. , Flórez Elizabeth , Dorkis Ludovic , Mora‐Ramos Miguel E. , Correa Julian D. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBlue phosphorene is an attractive nanomaterial that exhibits some remarkable optoelectronic properties. Various studies have verified its ability to adsorb gaseous compounds and, in particular, to dissociate O2, forming covalent bonds between phosphorus and oxygen atoms. These covalent bonds could be the reason behind the oxidation reaction that affects the blue phosphorene in normal room conditions. Theoretically, it has been demonstrated that the blue phosphorene oxide (BPO) is just as stable as the blue phosphorene. Given that metallic oxides are widely used as catalyzers and gas sensors, this opens the possibility of the BPO being presented as a gas sensor as well. For all the above, in this work the optoelectronic properties of BPO were studied, along with the generation of the oxygen vacancies. The investigation was performed within the density functional theory (DFT). In the study of the oxygen vacancy, the formation energy was calculated, and the results are similar to the formation energies of oxygen vacancies in other known oxides. It was found that the BPO with a single vacancy has a favorable energetic stability. The characterization of the vacancy is achieved using the electronic structure and the optical response. Additionally, the analysis of the adsorption of a hydrogen atom on the BPO, and the subsequent formation of hydroxide is presented.
Uncertainty decomposition of quantum networks in SLH framework
Authors: Azodi Peyman , Setoodeh Peyman , Khayatian Alireza , Asemani Mohammad Hassan 
Published: October 2019

SummaryThis paper presents a systematic method to decompose uncertain linear quantum input‐output networks into uncertain and nominal subnetworks, when uncertainties are defined in SLH representation. To this aim, two decomposition theorems are stated, which show how an uncertain quantum network can be decomposed into nominal and uncertain subnetworks in cascaded connection and how uncertainties can be translated from SLH parameters into state‐space parameters. As a potential application of the proposed decomposition scheme, robust stability analysis of uncertain quantum networks is briefly introduced. The proposed uncertainty decomposition theorems take account of uncertainties in all three parameters of a quantum network and bridge the gap between SLH modeling and state‐space robust analysis theory for linear quantum networks.
Nanoscale LaDySn2O7/SnSe Composite for Visible‐light Driven Photoreduction of CO2 to Methane and for Monoazo Dyes Photodegradation
Authors: Karamat Nazia , Ashiq Muhammad Naeem , Joya Khurram Saleem , Ijaz Sana , Sharif Muhammad , Ehsan Muhammad Fahad , Sher Muhammad , Ul‐Haq Najam 
Published: October 2019

AbstractPhotoactive materials provide a greener way to convert solar radiation into chemical energy, fuels and for the photodegradation of organic pollutants. We show here nanostructured LaDySn2O7/SnSe composite that effectively harvests in the visible‐spectrum and performs actively for CO2 reduction and photodegradation of foron blue (FB) dye. Various spectroscopic methods and characterization techniques are employed to explore the structural, morphological, compositional, surface area, optical properties, oxidation states of the elements and valence band position. The optical properties of SnSe revealed their action as photosensitizers for stannate pyrochlore LaDySn2O7 under visible–light irradiation. Admirable photoreduction efficiency for CO2 conversion into methane was achieved for composites relative to individual catalysts. They also show superior photocatalytic degradation > 98.8% for foron blue dye. Whereas, individual photocatalyst LaDySn2O7 is photo‐insensitive in the visible region due to large band gap and the cocatalyst (SnSe) exhibited photodegradation up to 15.5%. No observable deactivation of LaDySn2O7/SnSe was recorded after the five consecutive recycles runs for photodegradation of foron blue dye.
Blood plasma high abundant protein depletion unintentionally carries over 100 proteins
Authors: Silva‐Costa Licia C. , Garcia‐Rosa Sheila , Smith Bradley J. , Baldasso Paulo A. , Steiner Johann , Martins‐de‐Souza Daniel 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThere is a constant interest in blood‐based protein biomarkers, which can help to improve diagnosis and treatment outcomes of multifactorial human pathologies. In this regard, proteomic studies usually employ plasma immunoaffinity fractionation to deplete the most abundant plasma proteins, due to the high dynamic concentration range of proteins. The depletion of high abundant proteins allows to obtain less abundant and, oftentimes, more interesting proteins. However, the removal of the fraction of the high abundant plasma proteins ‐ the depletome ‐ may co‐elute many unintended proteins due to protein‐protein interactions. Little data is available about the depletome and potential protein biomarkers may be lost during this process. To visualize and characterize these proteins, we analyzed the depletome of 20 plasma samples by shotgun mass spectrometry‐based proteomics. Thus, using immunoaffinity depletion followed by 2‐D liquid chromatography coupled to an ion mobility‐enhanced mass spectrometer, our analysis identified that over 100 proteins are co‐eluting with the high abundant fraction. These proteins play roles in several biological processes, such as receptor‐mediated endocytosis, complement activation, and regulation of immune response. This study supports that investigating the depletome is important in the quest for biomarkers.