bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of foliar application of some metal nanoparticles on antioxidant system in oakleaf lettuce seedlings
Authors: Jurkow Rita , Pokluda Robert , Sękara Agnieszka , Kalisz Andrzej 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Nanoparticles (NPs) serve various industrial and household purposes, and their increasing use creates an environmental hazard because of their uncontrolled release into ecosystems. An important aspect of the risk assessment of NPs is to understand their interactions with plants. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of Au (10 and 20 ppm), Ag, and Pt (20 and 40 ppm) NPs on oakleaf lettuce, with particular emphasis on plant antioxidative mechanisms. Nanoparticles were applied once on the leaves of 2-week-old lettuce seedlings, after next week laboratory analyses were performed.

Results
The antioxidant potential of oakleaf lettuce seedlings sprayed with metal NPs at different concentrations was investigated. Chlorophylls, fresh and dry weight were also determined. Foliar exposure of the seedlings to metal NPs did not affect ascorbate peroxidase activity, total peroxidase activity increased after Au-NPs treatment, but decreased after applying Ag-NPs and Pt-NPs. Both concentrations of Au-NPs and Pt-NPs tested caused an increase in glutathione (GSH) content, while no NPs affected L-ascorbic acid content in the plants. Ag-NPs and Pt-NPs applied as 40 ppm solution increased total phenolics content by 17 and 15%, respectively, compared to the control. Carotenoids content increased when Ag-NPs and Au-NPs (20 and 40 ppm) and Pt-NPs (20 ppm) were applied. Plants treated with 40 ppm of Ag-NPs and Pt-NPs showed significantly higher total antioxidant capacity and higher concentration of chlorophyll a (only for Ag-NPs) than control. Pt-NPs applied as 40 ppm increased fresh weight and total dry weight of lettuce shoot.

Conclusions
Results showed that the concentrations of NPs applied and various types of metal NPs had varying impact on the antioxidant status of oakleaf lettuce. Alteration of POX activity and in biosynthesis of glutathione, total phenolics, and carotenoids due to metal NPs showed that tested nanoparticles can act as stress stimuli. However, judging by the slight changes in chlorophyll concentrations and in the fresh and dry weight of the plants, and even based on the some increases in these traits after M-NPs treatment, the stress intensity was relatively low, and the plants were able to cope with its negative effects.
Usefulness of ECG to differentiate apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy from non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Tao Yirao , Xu Jing , Bako Samira Yerima , Yao Xiaobo , Yang Donghui 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (ApHCM) is a phenotypic variant of nonobstructive HCM. ApHCM is characterized by left ventricular hypertrophy involve the distal apex. The electrocardiographic character of ApHCM can mimic non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTEACS), triggering a series of studies and treatments that may be unnecessary. This study aimed to clarify the electrocardiogram (ECG) differences between the two diseases.

Methods
Initial ECG recordings of 41 patients with ApHCM and 72 patients with NSTEACS were analyzed retrospectively. We analyzed the voltage of negative T (neg T) and R wave, the change of ST-segment as well as the number of leads with neg T wave in the 12-lead ECGs.

Results
Across the 12-lead ECGs, the magnitude of R wave significantly differed between ApHCM and NSTEACS in 10 leads excluding leads aVR and V1. ApHCM was associated with a greater maximal amplitude of R wave in lead V5 (3.13 ± 1.08 vs. 1.38 ± 0.73 mV, P <  0.001). The magnitude of T wave significantly differed between ApHCM and NSTEACS in 10 leads excluding leads II and V1. ApHCM was associated with a greater maximal amplitude of neg T wave in lead V4 (0.85 ± 0.69 vs. 0.35 ± 0.23 mV, P <  0.001). The frequency of giant neg T (1mv or more) wave was higher in ApHCM (36.5% vs. 0%, P <  0.001). The magnitude of ST-segment deviation significantly differed between ApHCM and NSTEACS in 10 leads excluding leads aVF and V2. ApHCM was associated with a greater maximal amplitude of ST-segment depression in lead V5 (0.19 ± 0.07 vs. 0.03 ± 0.06 mV, P <  0.001). The number of leads with neg T wave also differed between ApHCM and NSTEACS (6.75 ± 1.42 vs. 6.08 ± 1.51, P = 0.046). The sum of R wave in lead V5, neg T wave in lead V6 and ST-segment depression in lead V4 > 2.585 mV identified ApHCM with 90.2% sensibility and 87.5% specificity, representing the highest diagnostic accuracy.

Conclusions
Compared with NSTEACS patients, ApHCM patients presented higher R and neg T wave voltage as well as a greater ST-segment depression in the 12-lead ECG. The ECG characteristics can help to differentiate ApHCM from NSTEACS in clinical setting.
Sharing reports about domestic violence and abuse with general practitioners: a qualitative interview study
Authors: Pitt Katherine , Dheensa Sandi , Feder Gene , Johnson Emma , Man Mei-See , Roy Jessica , Williamson Emma , Szilassy Eszter 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundDomestic violence and abuse (DVA) is common and damaging to health. UK national guidance advocates a multi-agency response to DVA, and domestic homicide reviews consistently recommend improved information-sharing between agencies. Identification of patients experiencing DVA in general practice may come from external information shared with the practice, such as police incident reports and multi-agency risk assessment conference (MARAC) reports. The aim of this study was to explore the views of general practitioners (GPs) and the police about sharing reports about DVA with GPs.MethodsQualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted with GPs, police staff and a partnership manager. Participants were located across England and Wales. Thematic analysis was undertaken.ResultsInterviews were conducted with 23 GPs, six police staff and one former partnership manager. Experiences of information-sharing with GPs about DVA varied. Participants described the relevance and value of external reports to GPs to help address the health consequences of DVA and safeguard patients. They balanced competing priorities when managing this information in the electronic medical record, namely visibility to GPs versus the risk of unintended disclosure to patients. GPs also spoke of the judgements they made about exploring DVA with patients based on external reports, which varied between abusive and non-abusive adults and children. Some felt constrained by short general practice consultations. Some police and GPs reflected on a loss of control when information about DVA was shared between agencies, and the risk of unintended consequences. Both police and GPs highlighted the importance of clear information and a shared understanding about responsibility for action.ConclusionGPs regarded external reports about DVA as relevant to their role, but safely recording this information in the electronic medical record and using it to support patients required complex judgements. Both GPs and police staff emphasised the importance of clarity of information and responsibility for action when information was shared between agencies about patients affected by DVA.
The impact of albumin infusion on the risk of rebleeding and in-hospital mortality in cirrhotic patients admitted for acute gastrointestinal bleeding: a retrospective study of a single institute
Authors: Wang Zhu , Xie Ya-Wen , Lu Qing , Yan Hai-Lin , Liu Xin-Bin , Long Yi , Zhang Xian , Yang Jin-Lin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
To investigate the effect of albumin infusion on cirrhotic patients admitted for acute gastrointestinal bleeding.

Methods
Medical records of cirrhotic patients who admitted due to acute gastrointestinal bleeding through January 2009 to December 2018 were reviewed. Clinical data and the total amount of albumin and red blood cell used during hospitalization were recorded. For patients with rebleeding, the amount of albumin and red blood cell used before rebleeding was also documented. The primary outcome was the occurrence of rebleeding, and the second outcome was in-hospital mortality. Univariate and multivariate logistic analysis was performed to identify risk factors associated with rebleeding and in-hospital mortality.

Results
A total of 1503 cirrhotic patients were included in the analysis. There were 146 episodes of in-patient rebleeding occurred, while 81 patients died. Overall, more red blood cells and albumin were prescribed to patients who suffered rebleeding. In terms of the amount before rebleeding, the red blood cell was higher in patients with rebleeding, but the albumin infusion was similar. In the multivariate model, the albumin infusion before rebleeding was an independent risk factor associated with rebleeding (adjusted OR for ≤40 g vs 0 g, 0.469 [0.269–0.793], p = 0.006; adjusted OR for > 40 g vs 0 g, 0.272 [0.115–0.576], p = 0.001). In Child-Pugh C class patients, the use of albumin more than 40 g during hospitalization associated with a lower risk of in-patient mortality (adjusted OR for > 40 g vs 0 g, 0.136 [0.019–0.741], p = 0.031).

Conclusions
Albumin infusion was associated with a lower risk of rebleeding and in-hospital deaths in cirrhosis admitted for acute gastrointestinal bleeding.
Association of cerebral malaria and TNF-α levels: a systematic review
Authors: Leão Luana , Puty Bruna , Dolabela Maria Fâni , Povoa Marinete Marins , Né Yago Gecy De Sousa , Eiró Luciana Guimarães , Fagundes Nathália Carolina Fernandes , Maia Lucianne Cople , Lima Rafael Rodrigues 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Cerebral malaria is the most severe form of infection with Plasmodium falciparum characterized by a highly inflammatory response. This systematic review aimed to investigate the association between TNF-α levels and cerebral malaria.

Methods
This review followed the Preferred Reporting of Systematic Review and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The search was performed at PubMed, LILACS, Scopus, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, OpenGrey and Google Scholar. We have included studies of P. falciparum-infected humans with or without cerebral malaria and TNF-α dosage level. All studies were evaluated using a risk of bias tool and the GRADE approach.

Results
Our results have identified 2338 studies, and 8 articles were eligible according to this systematic review inclusion criteria. Among the eight articles, five have evaluated TNF- α plasma dosage, while two have evaluated at the blood and one at the brain (post-Morten). Among them, only five studies showed higher TNF-α levels in the cerebral malaria group compared to the severe malaria group. Methodological problems were identified regarding sample size, randomization and blindness, but no risk of bias was detected.

Conclusion
Although the results suggested that that TNF-α level is associated with cerebral malaria, the evidence is inconsistent and imprecise. More observational studies evaluating the average TNF-alpha are needed.
Investigation of syphilis immunology and Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum biology to improve clinical management and design a broadly protective vaccine: study protocol
Authors: Osias Ethan , Hung Phoebe , Giacani Lorenzo , Stafylis Chrysovalantis , Konda Kelika A. , Vargas Silver K. , Reyes-Díaz E. Michael , Comulada W. Scott , Haake David A. , Haynes Austin M. , Caceres Carlos F. , Klausner Jeffrey D. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe syphilis epidemic continues to cause substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, despite several recent disease control initiatives. Though our understanding of the pathogenesis of this disease and the biology of the syphilis agent,Treponema pallidumsubsp.pallidumhas improved over the last two decades, further research is necessary to improve clinical diagnosis and disease management protocols. Additionally, such research efforts could contribute to the identification of possible targets for the development of an effective vaccine to stem syphilis spread.MethodsThis study will recruit two cohorts of participants with active syphilis infection, one with de novo infection, one with repeat infection. Whole blood specimens will be collected from each study participant at baseline, 4, 12, 24, 36, and 48 weeks, to track specific markers of their immunological response, as well as to compare humoral reactivity toTreponema pallidumantigens between the two groups. Additionally, we will use serum specimens to look for unique cytokine patterns in participants with early syphilis. Oral and blood samples, as well as samples from any syphilitic lesions present, will also be collected to sequence anyTreponema pallidumDNA found.DiscussionBy furthering our understanding of syphilis pathogenesis and human host immune response toTreponema pallidum, we will provide important data that will help in development of new point-of-care tests that could better identify active infection, leading to improved syphilis diagnosis and management. Findings could also contribute to vaccine development efforts.
Stanford type a aortic dissection with cerebral infarction: a rare case report
Authors: Wang Jie , Wu Li-Rong , Xie Xin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundAortic dissection (AoD) is a disease with a high mortality rate. Its clinical manifestations are diverse and covert, which makes diagnosis and treatment challenging. Here, we report a very rare case of aortic dissection leading to bilateral cerebral cortex ischaemia and epilepsy.Case presentationA 54-year-old man was admitted to the hospital with acute onset of right limb weakness accompanied by slurred speech. He had a history of hypertension as well as tobacco and alcohol use. The patient was found to have aphasia and right hemiplegia on physical examination. No bleeding was seen on the skull CT. Acute cerebral infarction was considered after admission, and rt-PA was administered for intravenous thrombolysis. During intravenous thrombolysis, the patient suddenly developed epilepsy, and diazepam was given immediately by intravenous injection to control the symptoms. Emergency skull diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) was performed, and the results showed a small, patchy, high signal that was scattered throughout the left brain hemisphere, right frontal parietal lobe and centrum semiovale. Head and neck CT angiography (CTA) was performed; dissection was found in the ascending aorta, aortic arch, bilateral common carotid artery, proximal part of the internal carotid artery, and initial segment of the left external carotid artery. The laceration was located in the upper part of the ascending aorta. AoD complicated by acute cerebral infarction and epilepsy was considered, and the patient was immediately transferred to the cardiovascular surgery specialist hospital for surgical treatment.ConclusionsSome aortic dissections have no typical manifestations of chest pain, and the onset is covert. Atypical clinical manifestations of epilepsy secondary to bilateral cerebral hemisphere infarction may appear. AoD with cerebral infarction is a contraindication for intravenous thrombolysis; surgical treatment is the best way to reduce mortality.
Health information needs regarding diabetes mellitus in China: an internet-based analysis
Authors: Wang Tian-Hao , Zhou Xiao-Feng , Ni Yuan , Pan Zhi-Gang 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Today,. most people use the Internet to seek online health-related information from general public health-related websites and discussion groups. However, there are no Internet-based analyses of health information needs pertaining to diabetes in China until now. With the development of artificial intelligence,we can analyzed these online health-related information and provide references for health providers to improve their health service.

Methods
We have done a study of statistically analyzing the questions about diabetes collected from 39 health website, the number of which is 151,589. We have divided these questions into 9 categories using a convolutional neural network.

Results
The diabetes problems of consumer are presented as follows, diagnosis: 34.95%, treatment: 25.17%, lifestyle: 21.09%, complication: 8.00%, maternity-related:5.00%, prognosis: 2.59%, health provider choosing: 1.40%, prevention: 1.23%, others: 0.58%, The elderly are more concerned about the treatment and complications of diabetes, while the young are more concerned about the maternity-related and prognosis of diabetes. The diabetes drugs most frequently mentioned by consumers are insulin, metformin and Xiaoke pills, The most concerned complication is caidiovascular disease and diabetic eye disease.

Conclusion
Diabetes health education should focus on how to prevent diabetes and the contents of health education should be different for differernt age groups;on diabetes treatment, the use of insulin and oral hypoglycemic drugs education should be strengthened.
Minimal important differences for the WOMAC osteoarthritis index and the Forgotten Joint Score-12 in total knee arthroplasty patients
Authors: Holtz N. , Hamilton D. F. , Giesinger J. M. , Jost B. , Giesinger K. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundTotal knee arthroplasty (TKA) is an effective treatment for end-stage osteoarthritis. Patient reported-outcome measures (PROMs) capture the patients’ perception of the success of an intervention. The minimal important difference (MID) is an important characteristic of the PROM, which helps to interpret results. The aim of this study was to identify the MID for the Forgotten Joint Score-12 (FJS-12) and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC) osteoarthritis index.MethodsData were collected in a prospective cohort study. Patients were asked to complete the FJS-12, WOMAC osteoarthritis index and transition items evaluating change over time to determine the MID. We employed an anchor-based methodology relating score change to the response categories of the transition items using both binary logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis.ResultsData from 199 patients were analysed. Mean age was 72.3 years, 58% were women. Employing binary logistic regression the MID for the FJS-12 was 10.8 points, for the WOMAC pain score 7.5 points and for the WOMAC function score 7.2 points. ROC analyses found a MID of 13.0 points for the FJS-12, 12.5 points for WOMAC pain and 14.7 points for WOMAC function.ConclusionWe report MIDs for the FJS-12 and the WOMAC Pain and Function scales in a TKA patient cohort, which can be used to interpret meaningful differences in score. In line with previous research, we found more advanced statistical methods to result in smaller MID estimates for both scores.Trial registrationWritten consent for this study was obtained from all participants and ethical approval was granted by the local ethics committee (Ethikkommission St. Gallen; EKSG 14/973; Registered 03 July 2014;http://www.sg.ch/home/gesundheit/ethikkommission.html).
Return to play after hip arthroscopy among tennis players: outcomes with minimum five-year follow-up
Authors: Maldonado David R. , Yelton Mitchell J. , Rosinsky Philip J. , Shapira Jacob , Meghpara Mitchell B. , Lall Ajay C. , Domb Benjamin G. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Playing tennis is associated with various movements that can lead to labral injuries and may require arthroscopic surgery. While hip arthroscopies have demonstrated good outcomes in athletes, there is limited literature reporting patient reported outcomes (PROs) and return to sport (RTS) in competitive or recreational tennis players after arthroscopic hip surgery. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to (1) report minimum five-year PROs and RTS in tennis players who underwent arthroscopic hip surgery and (2) compare outcomes between recreational and competitive tennis players.

Methods
Data for patients who underwent hip arthroscopy surgery in the setting of femoroacetabular impingement and labral tears between March 2009 and January 2014 and who played tennis within one-year of surgery were retrospectively reviewed. Patients with preoperative and minimum five-year postoperative scores for the following PROs were included: modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS), Non-Arthritic Hip Score (NAHS), Hip Outcome Score-Sport Specific Subscale (HOS-SSS), and visual analog scale (VAS) for pain. Patient Acceptable Symptomatic State (PASS) and Minimal Clinically Important Difference (MCID) for mHHS and HOS-SSS were calculated.

Results
Of 28 patients, 31 hips met all inclusion and exclusion criteria of which 28 (90.3%) had minimum 5-year follow-up (mean: 72.8 ± 13.9 months). There were 3 professional, 3 collegiate, 2 high school, 2 organized amateur, and 18 recreational level tennis players. All PROs significantly improved at latest follow-up: mHHS from 67.0 to 86.7 (P <  0.001), NAHS from 65.9 to 87.2 (P <  0.001), HOS-SSS from 50.0 to 77.9 (P = 0.009), and VAS from 5.4 to 1.8 (P <  0.001). There was a 75.0% RTS rate. Additionally, 66.7% of patients achieved MCID and 83.3% achieved PASS for mHHS, and 63.6% achieved MCID and 58.3% achieved PASS for HOS-SSS.

Conclusion
Regardless of the level of participation, tennis players who underwent arthroscopic hip surgery reported statistically significant PRO improvements. A favorable rate of RTS was also achieved by players with a continued interest in playing. The data here may be useful in counseling tennis players of various levels who are considering arthroscopic treatment of a hip injury.

Level of evidence
IV
The value of the atherogenic index of plasma in non-obese people with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a secondary analysis based on a cross-sectional study
Authors: Dong Bu-yuan , Mao Yu-qing , Li Zheng-yang , Yu Fu-jun 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background and objectives
The atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) is elevated in fatty liver disease, but its value in non-obese people with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between AIP and NAFLD as well as to determine whether AIP might be used as an indicator of NAFLD in non-obese individuals.

Methods
The present study involved non-obese Chinese and Japanese participants. Risk factors are evaluated using univariate and multivariate analysis. The performance of risk factors was compared according to the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve.

Results
In the unadjusted model, the odds ratio (OR) for every 1 standard deviation (SD) increase in AIP was 52.30. In adjusted models I and II, the OR for every 1 SD increase in AIP was 36.57 and 50.84, respectively. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for AIP was 0.803 and 0.802 in the development and validation groups, respectively. The best cut-off value of AIP for discrimination between NAFLD and non-NAFLD was 0.005 in the Chinese group and − 0.220 in the Japanese group.

Conclusions
AIP and NAFLD are positively correlated in Chinese and Japanese populations. Therefore, AIP can be used as a new screening indicator for non-obese people with NAFLD in different nations.