bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New design of an adjustable compact microstrip lowpass filter using Z‐shaped resonators with low VSWR
Authors: Alizadeh Pahlavani Mahmoud , Moradkhani Masoud , Sayadi Ramin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn this article, an adjustable microstrip lowpass filter(LPF) with the cut‐off frequency (fc) at 1.59 GHz is designed and fabricated. The proposed structure is composed of a Z‐shaped resonator as basic resonator and a combination of modified T‐shaped and Z‐shaped resonators as suppressor units. To describe a theoretical design, the L‐C equivalent circuit of the basic resonator and also its transfer function are calculated precisely; then, the location of the first transmission zero (TZ) is accurately computed. Generating a deep TZ near the cutoff frequency leads to a high roll‐off rate of 195 dB/GH. The LPF also benefits from an extremely wide stopband from 1.72 to 23.67 GHz (15 fc). In passband region, the insertion loss and return loss of the LPF are 0.62 and 22.9 dB, respectively. The experimental results also show that maximum variation of group delay is only 0.53 ns regarding a negligible figure. The electrical size of the LPF is 0.187 × 0.083 (where λg is the guided wavelength at 1.59 GHz). Finally, the proposed LPF achieves a high figure of merit of 57 860 deemed a great accomplishment.
Cardiac MRI Myocardial Functional and Tissue Characterization Detects Early Cardiac Dysfunction in a Mouse Model of Chemotherapy‐Induced Cardiotoxicity
Authors: Naresh Nivedita K. , Misener Sol , Zhang Zhouli , Yang Cynthia , Ruh Alexander , Bertolino Nicola , Epstein Frederick H. , Collins Jeremy D. , Markl Michael , Procissi Daniele , Carr James C. , Allen Bradley A. 
Published: June 2020

BackgroundDoxorubicin and doxorubicin‐trastuzumab combination chemotherapy have been associated with cardiotoxicity that eventually leads to heart failure and may limit dose‐effective cancer treatment. Current diagnostic strategies rely on decreased ejection fraction (EF) to diagnose cardiotoxicity.PurposeThe aim of this study is to explore the potential of cardiac MR (CMR) imaging to identify imaging biomarkers in a mouse model of chemotherapy‐induced cardiotoxicity.MethodsA cumulative dose of 25 mg/kg doxorubicin was administered over three weeks using subcutaneous pellets (n = 9, Dox). Another group (n = 9) received same dose of Dox and a total of 10 mg/kg trastuzumab (DT). Mice were imaged at baseline, 5/6 weeks and 10 weeks post‐treatment on a 7T MRI system. The protocol included short‐axis cine MRI covering the left ventricle (LV) and mid‐ventricular short‐axis tissue phase mapping (TPM), pre‐ and post‐contrast T1 mapping, T2 mapping and Displacement Encoding with Stimulated Echoes (DENSE) strain encoded MRI. EF, peak myocardial velocities, native T1, T2, extracellular volume (ECV), and myocardial strain were quantified. N = 7 mice were sacrificed for histopathologic assessment of apoptosis at 5/6 weeks.ResultsGlobal peak systolic longitudinal velocity was reduced at 5/6 weeks in Dox (0.6 ± 0.3 vs 0.9 ± 0.3, p = 0.02). In the Dox group, native T1 was reduced at 5/6 weeks (1.3 ± 0.2 ms vs 1.6 ± 0.2 ms, p = 0.02), and relatively normalized at week 10 (1.4 ± 0.1 ms vs 1.6 ± 0.2 ms, p > 0.99). There was no change in EF and other MRI parameters and histopathologic results demonstrated minimal apoptosis in all mice (~1–2 apoptotic cell/high power field), suggesting early‐stage cardiotoxicity.ConclusionsIn a mouse model of chemotherapy‐induced cardiotoxicity using doxorubicin and trastuzumab, advanced CMR shows promise in identifying treatment‐related decrease in myocardial velocity and native T1 prior to the onset of cardiomyocyte apoptosis and reduction of EF.
Effects of cryotherapy on high‐dose melphalan‐induced oral mucositis in pediatric patients undergoing autologous stem cell transplantation
Authors: Kawaguchi Koji , Umeda Katsutsugu , Takachi Takayuki , Ogura Taemi , Horikoshi Yasuo , Saida Satoshi , Kato Itaru , Hiramatsu Hidefumi , Adachi Souichi , Takita Junko , Watanabe Kenichiro 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCryotherapy is a conventional method for preventing melphalan‐induced oral mucositis (OM) in adult patients. We retrospectively examined the clinical benefits of cryotherapy in 41 pediatric patients undergoing autologous stem cell transplantation using a melphalan‐etoposide‐carboplatin regimen. Twenty‐two patients received cryotherapy. The cumulative incidence of grade 3‐4 OM was significantly lower in the cryotherapy group (57.1%) than in the noncryotherapy group (89.5%; P = .041). Multivariate analyses identified cryotherapy and the melphalan dose as independent factors for the lower occurrence of OM. The present study demonstrates the clinically significant efficacy of cryotherapy for preventing melphalan‐induced OM in pediatric patients.
The use of video‐based instruction to promote independent performance of physical activity skills in students with developmental disabilities in a school and community setting
Authors: Bassette Laura , Titus‐Dieringer Shannon , Zoder‐Martell Kim , Cremeans McKenzie 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSchool psychologists are well‐positioned to assist practitioners in engaging students in physical activity (PA) which can increase student access to improved well‐being and associated health benefits. This may be of particular importance for adolescents with moderate to severe developmental disabilities (DD; autism and intellectual disability) who display various deficits in performing PA skills. Previous research suggests video‐based instruction (VBI) effectively facilitated independence associated with PA skills in people with DD, however, additional research is warranted. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the degree a VBI impacted acquisition of skills in individuals with DD at school, and, subsequently, in a community setting. Multiple probe design was used to assess the effect of the intervention in four participants. The results indicate the intervention was effective in teaching three participants to perform the circuit in the school setting and transfer the skills to the community setting; however, maintenance was variable. Implications related to practice for school psychologists, teachers, and other practitioners, as well as, limitations and future research directions are discussed.
A series of dual‐reporter vectors for ratiometric analysis of protein abundance in plants
Authors: Khosla Aashima , Rodriguez‐Furlan Cecilia , Kapoor Suraj , Van Norman Jaimie M. , Nelson David C. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractRatiometric reporter systems enable comparisons of the abundance of a protein of interest, or “target,” relative to a reference protein. Both proteins are encoded on a single transcript but are separated during translation. This arrangement bypasses the potential for discordant expression that can arise when the target and reference proteins are encoded by separate genes. We generated a set of 18 Gateway‐compatible vectors termed pRATIO that combine a variety of promoters, fluorescent, and bioluminescent reporters, and 2A “self‐cleaving” peptides. These constructs are easily modified to produce additional combinations or introduce new reporter proteins. We found that mScarlet‐I provides the best signal‐to‐noise ratio among several fluorescent reporter proteins during transient expression experiments in Nicotiana benthamiana. Firefly and Gaussia luciferase also produce high signal‐to‐noise in N. benthamiana. As proof of concept, we used this system to investigate whether degradation of the receptor KAI2 after karrikin treatment is influenced by its subcellular localization. KAI2 is normally found in the cytoplasm and the nucleus of plant cells. In N. benthamiana, karrikin‐induced degradation of KAI2 was only observed when it was retained in the nucleus. These vectors are tools to easily monitor in vivo the abundance of a protein that is transiently expressed in plants, and will be particularly useful for investigating protein turnover in response to different stimuli.
Upconversion in Detail: Multicolor Emission of Yb/Er/Tm‐Doped Nanoparticles under 800, 975, 1208, and 1532 nm Excitation Wavelengths
Authors: Tymiński Artur , Martín Inocencio R. , Grzyb Tomasz 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSpectroscopic properties of YPO4 nanoparticles doped with Yb3+, Tm3+, and Er3+ ions have been studied in detail. These multiemitting materials are promising not only for photonic or electronic use but especially for anticounterfeiting applications. The nanopowders are synthesized by the facile coprecipitation method with annealing in the air atmosphere at 1000 °C. The structural and morphological studies reveal pure tetragonal nanocrystallites with an average size of 20–30 nm. Most interestingly, under NIR excitation, the samples exhibit intense upconversion (UC) luminescence where the color can be tuned by changing the laser source, switching the excitation wavelengths between 800, 975, 1208, and 1532 nm, double‐wavelength excitation, and by changing laser power density. As a result, a very high color shift, being the result of intensity changes in the emission bands of Er3+ (green and red) and Tm3+ (blue and red) is obtained. The luminescence lifetimes, temporal evolution, and the pump power dependences are also measured to propose the mechanisms responsible for the observed UC emission.
Successful spontaneous pregnancy after pelvic radiotherapy for a sacral giant cell tumor: A case report
Authors: Saparmin Fatimahtulzahrah , Jeyasingam Vaishnavi 
Published: June 2020

AbstractGiant cell tumors are rare benign bone tumors that are locally destructive, but rarely metastasize. Here, we report the case of a young girl with an inoperable sacral giant cell tumor who received radical pelvic radiotherapy and thereafter had unassisted conception with successful delivery.
IQC‐synthesis under structural constraints
Authors: Cavalcanti Vinícius M. G. B. , Simões Alberto M. 
Published: June 2020

SummaryA new controller synthesis technique enabling the design of control systems satisfying prescribed structural constraints as well as stability and performance specifications given in terms of integral quadratic constraints (IQC) is presented. The proposed approach relies on a nonsmooth optimization technique to solve the IQC feasibility problem directly in the frequency domain. As corroborated by the two numerical examples presented, the technique allows the synthesis of control laws of great practical utility (eg, PID, decentralized, and reduced‐order output feedback controllers) for a large class of systems presenting, for example, slope‐restricted nonlinearities, time‐varying delays, and uncertain parameters with bounded rates of variation.
Corporations and sustainable development goals communication on social media: Corporate social responsibility or just another buzzword?
Authors: ElAlfy Amr , Darwish Kareem M. , Weber Olaf 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe sustainable development goals (SDGs) introduced by the United Nations in 2015 are a framework for a sustainable world. Corporations also use the SDGs as a guideline for corporate sustainability. Based on corporate sustainability theory and legitimacy theory, the paper analyzes whether and how firms communicate about the SDGs on social media to increase their legitimacy or because they are linked to the firms' core business. The study analyzed more than 24,000 SDG‐related tweets from Standard and Poor 500 companies. The results show that firms post tweets about the SDGs that are related to their core businesses and impacts. Hence, the SDGs are communicated in a way that addresses strategic corporate sustainability and social responsibility. These results contribute to the research by clarifying the role of the SDGs in regard to corporate strategy and legitimacy.
Facile Synthesis of 2‐Amino‐4,6‐dimethoxypyrimidine over Lewis Acidic Ionic Liquid Catalysts
Authors: Huang Wu , Ding Jing , Wan Hui , Guan Guofeng 
Published: June 2020

Abstract2‐amino‐4,6‐dimethoxypyrimidine (ADMP) is an important intermediate for the synthesis of sulfonylurea herbicides. As the most critical step in the ADMP synthesis, ADMP prepared by cyclization of 3‐amino‐3‐methoxy‐N‐cyano‐2‐propaneamidine (AMCP) are rarely reported, especially its reaction mechanism. Here, a Lewis acidic ionic liquid catalyst was firstly introduced to increase reaction rate. The Et3NHCl‐2ZnCl2 catalyst possesses excellent catalytic performance and good stability. The yield of ADMP can reach up to 94.8% under 50 °C for 3 h. And the catalytic mechanism was studied. The anion of Et3NHCl‐2ZnCl2 is conducive to ring formation, and the cation is conducive to hydrogen transfer during rearrangement. The stronger Lewis acidity of the catalyst is conducive to cyclization. This work firstly introduces Lewis acidic ionic liquids into the process of AMCP catalytic cyclization to ADMP, which can open novel vistas for the more economically and faster preparation for ADMP.
Graphical method for the construction of pairs of 3D skew funiculars in equilibrium with coplanar loads and controlled supports' positions
Authors: Boulic Léa 
Published: June 2020

AbstractTwo‐dimensional (2D) funicular structures can be easily generated and controlled by means of simple geometric constructions. These geometric constructions derive from reciprocal relationships between the form and force diagrams of a structure, which form the basis of graphic statics. Unlike in 2D space, in 3D space, similar geometric constructions cannot always be established for the design of three‐dimensional (3D) funicular structures. In some specific cases though, purely geometric procedures requiring no numerical approximations can be defined. In particular, this contribution explores the geometric transformation of 2D funicular structures as a means to graphically generate 3D funicular structures in equilibrium with coplanar loads. A fully graphical method for the construction of such pairs of 3D skew funiculars in equilibrium with coplanar loads and with control over the position of the supports is presented. It is based on geometrical linear relationships between the original and the transformed structures. Ultimately, it is shown how such pairs of 3D skew funiculars can be applied to the design of bridge and roof structures for instance.
Can task‐based language teaching be “authentic” in foreign language contexts? Exploring the case of China
Authors: Kessler Matt , Solheim Ian , Zhao Mengfei 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis article explores a long‐standing criticism of the task‐based language teaching (TBLT) approach regarding the applicability of TBLT to curricula in English as a foreign language (EFL) settings and, specifically, whether authentic tasks can be designed for EFL learners. To further investigate this issue, the authors explored the EFL context of China and examined students enrolled at two universities in different provinces. Data include (1) focus groups, (2) questionnaires (N = 555) surveying students’ second language (L2) English use outside of the classroom for nonacademic purposes, and (3) semistructured interviews (N = 7) examining teachers’ perspectives regarding their students’ L2 English use outside of class. The results show that a large majority of the students did engage in numerous L2 English tasks and activities outside of the classroom for nonacademic purposes. Despite this widespread use by students, the teachers themselves appeared largely unaware of students’ engagement in such activities. The implications of these findings are discussed in relation to criticisms of TBLT regarding task authenticity and in relation to the design of curricula in similar EFL settings.
Evaluation of Noninvasive Survey Methods for Detecting Endangered Shrews
Authors: Tennant Erin N. , Cypher Brian L. , Saslaw Lawrence R. , Westall Tory L. , Mohay Jacklyn L. , Kelly Erica C. , Van Horn Job Christine L. 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACTUsing traditional capture methods, shrews typically have low capture and high trap‐mortality rates. To reduce effects from live‐trapping and attempt to increase detection success, we investigated 3 potential noninvasive survey methods for shrews (Soricidae): track tubes, scat tubes, and camera traps. These 3 techniques were tested in areas of the San Joaquin Valley, California, USA, with high detection rates of shrews during previous live‐trapping surveys. We found that Reconyx camera traps specifically modified with a close focal distance resulted in the greatest number of positive detections and outperformed all other survey methods. Scat tubes also resulted in positive detections but were less reliable and required more expertise. Track tubes resulted in no positive detections. Use of camera traps is highly recommended for conducting presence–absence surveys for shrews. © 2020 The Wildlife Society.
Predicting Patterns of Plant Diversity and Endemism in the Tropics Using Remote Sensing Data: A Study Case from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest
Authors: Paz Andrea , Reginato Marcelo , Michelangeli Fabián A. , Goldenberg Renato , Caddah Mayara K. , Aguirre-Santoro Julián , Kaehler Miriam , Lohmann Lúcia G. , Carnaval Ana 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe combine remote sensing (RS) measurements of temperature and precipitation with phylogenetic and distribution data from three plant clades with different life forms, i.e., shrubs and treelets (tribe Miconieae, Melastomes), epiphytes (Ronnbergia-Wittmackiaalliance, Bromeliaceae), and lianas (“Fridericiaand Allies” clade, Bignoniaceae), to predict the distribution of biodiversity in a tropical hot spot: the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. We assess (i) how well RS-derived climate estimates predict the spatial distribution of species richness (SR), phylogenetic diversity (PD), and phylogenetic endemism (PE) and (ii) how they compare to predictions based on interpolated weather station information. We find that environmental descriptors derived from RS sources can predict the distribution of SR and PD, performing as well as or better than weather station-based data. Yet performance is lower for endemism and for clades with a high number of species of small ranges. We argue that this approach can provide an alternative to remotely monitor megadiverse groups or biomes for which species identification through RS are not yet feasible or available.
Epilogue: Toward a Global Biodiversity Monitoring System
Authors: Geller Gary N. , Cavender-Bares Jeannine , Gamon John A. , McDonald Kyle , Podest Erika , Townsend Phil A. , Ustin Susan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMonitoring the ongoing declines in biodiversity and ecosystem health is essential for formulating societal responses. The Group on Earth Observations Biodiversity Observation Network (GEO BON) was created in 2008 to develop a global monitoring network, but that is a huge task with much remaining work. Fortunately, satellite remote sensing can help by providing periodic, global data that is not otherwise available. Continued advances – many of which are discussed in this book’s 19 chapters – in science as well as sensor and computational technology have an increasingly important role. However, taking advantage of these requires bringing together a variety of elements and disciplines, and it is with this in mind that a conceptual system architecture is here suggested. Key elements of this cloud-based architecture include: explicit support for collaboration, particularly across disciplines, to facilitate development of new algorithms; access to a wide variety of data, including satellite, airborne, and in situ; recognition of the importance of integrating across sensors and scales; and access to significant CPU cycles for generating heavy products such as time series. Such a system would build upon GEO BON and contribute to its mission by being the core of its RS activities; like GEO BON itself, it would be a coordinated effort among many international players.
Linking Leaf Spectra to the Plant Tree of Life
Authors: Meireles José Eduardo , O’Meara Brian , Cavender-Bares Jeannine 
Published: June 2020

AbstractEvolutionary trees recount the history of how biological diversity came to be and how evolution gave rise to the incredible variation in plant form and function that can be captured by spectral reflectance. Understanding plant spectra in light of evolution is thus important for assessing biodiversity and critical for explaining how spectral diversity is generated. Here, we focus on leaf spectra and how they are linked to the plant tree of life. We review what evolutionary trees (phylogenies) are and how to interpret them. We then describe how to model the evolution of quantitative traits, discuss which evolutionary processes are involved, and explain specific concepts and metrics, such as phylogenetic signal and evolutionary rates, and how they can be applied to reflectance spectra. Next, we describe a framework that links phylogenies and leaf spectra by coupling models of evolution and radiative transfer models. In doing so, we review some of the challenges of subjecting spectra to evolutionary analyses. We then discuss how spectra can help us to understand leaf evolution and to differentiate plant taxa at different phylogenetic scales from populations to lineages, advancing our potential to remotely detect biodiversity.
Sustainable Climate Change Adaptation in Developing Countries: Role of Perception Among Rural Households
Authors: Fasina Oluwatosin Oluwasegun , Okogbue Emmanuel Chilekwu , Ishola Oluwatosin Omowunmi , Adeeko Abiodun 
Published: June 2020

AbstractClimate change adaptation entails exploiting not only economically but also environmentally beneficial strategies by all stakeholders. However, the successful implementation of adaptation actions is also subject to the perception of climate change, usually influenced by knowledge, experiences, and sociocultural factors including gender relations, among the target group. This paper analyzes the perception of climate change among rural households in Southwest Nigeria and ascertains the coping and adaptation strategies in use among the households. A total of 239 respondents were interviewed across the vegetative zones available in the study area. Findings revealed that 54.8% were involved in crop farming. About 51.0% and 45.6% practiced change in sowing date and harvest date, respectively. Respondents’ perception had a significant relationship with adaptation measures such as change in harvest date (χ2 = 56.753, p = 0.026), planting improved varieties (χ2 = 55.866, p = 0.031), and mixed cropping (χ2 = 55.433, p = 0.042). Respondents had a favorable perception of climate change. The study concluded that although their perception of climate change was favorable and indicated their understanding of its negative effects on their livelihoods, it did not take cognizance of women’s insecure access to production resources. It recommended the development of easily accessible weather forecasts to aid livelihood decisions and enlightenment on improved women’s access to production resources and biodiversity protection.