bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polyamine microcapsules featured with high storage stability used for one‐component epoxy adhesive
Authors: Ni Dong , Luo Yan , Cong Yuxiang 
Published: October 2020

AbstractOne‐component epoxy adhesives have great promising prospects in industrial applications. However, it faces the challenge to reduce the activity of curing agents for achieving long‐term storage and controlled release. Microencapsulation is a feasible and effective solution. In this paper, multi‐polyaniline (MPAN) was successfully encapsulated with polyetherimide (PEI), a thermoplastic resin, as the shell material by using solvent evaporation method with dichloromethane (DCM) as solvent. The impacts of different preparation parameters on the structure and properties of microcapsules were investigated by single variable control method. It is found that the resulted microcapsules under the optimal process parameters, namely PVA concentration 1 wt%, core/shell mass ratio 1:1 and stirring rate 700 rpm, exhibits a smooth and dense spherical surface with an average particle size concentrated around 17.8 μm. Compared with the pure curing agent, the encapsulated curing agent effectively prolonged the shelf life of the epoxy adhesive at 40°C for at least 60 days, indicating excellent storage stability. The microencapsulated MPAN curing agent prepared in our research is of potential applications in the fields of electronic component bonding, potting and circuit board sealing due to its high storage stability and encapsulation efficiency (74%).
A highly elastic and sensitive sensor based on GSP/HPAM composited hydrogel
Authors: Luo Chunhui , Wei Ning , Fu Weinxin 
Published: October 2020

AbstractDevelopment of conductive hydrogels to mimic the structures and properties of human skin has attracted enormous scientific interests. However, applications of such materials are often restricted by their poor mechanics and moderate sensitivities. Herein, a highly‐stretchable, self‐healing, and conductive hydrogel, comprised of grape seed extracted polymer and hydrophobically associated polyacrylamide (GSP‐HPAM), was fabricated by simple mixing and in‐situ polymerization. Compared with the single HPAM gels, the rigid GSP polymer could form sufficient hydrogen bonds and ionic interactions, which endowed the gel with effective energy dissipation mechanism and greatly improved the uniformity of network. As a result, the GSP‐HPAM gel exhibited enhanced mechanics, that is, the tensile strength, strain, and compression stress of GSP‐HPAM hydrogel were 0.7 MPa, 3000% and 28.3 MPa, respectively. Furthermore, the gel demonstrated linear strain‐dependant conductivity between 0% and 1000% with gauge factor around 3.43, superior to most hydrogel‐based strain sensors. In addition, the gel was able to monitor human body motion, such as, finger bending and pulse rate. This multiple functional gel might find potential applications in artificial skin, soft robotics, and wearable devices.
Chitosan/gelatin‐based bioactive and antibacterial coatings deposited via electrophoretic deposition
Authors: Nawaz Aneeqa , Ur Rehman Muhammad Atiq 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe fabrication of biocompatible and antibacterial coatings on metallic implants remains a significant challenge for load‐bearing orthopedic implants. This study focuses on the electrophoretic deposition of chitosan/gelatin/Ag‐Mn doped mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles (Ag‐Mn MBGNs) composite on the PEEK/bioactive glass layer (called as multi‐structured coatings), which had been deposited electrophoretically on 316L stainless steel. The EPD parameters for the deposition of the chitosan/gelatin/Ag‐Mn MBGNs coatings were optimized via Taguchi design of experiment approach. Scanning electron microscopy images confirmed that the chitosan/gelatin/Ag‐Mn MBGNS layer was deposited on the PEEK/BG layer. The addition of biologically active metallic ions (Mn and Ag) and molecules (chitosan) showed a strong effect on the growth of bacteria. Moreover, the inclusion of Mn and Ag showed a negligible toxic effect on the bioactivity (the ability of the coating to form a bond with the natural bone) of the coatings. Furthermore, the multi‐structured coatings presented appropriate wettability and surface roughness for orthopedic applications. Overall, this study provides a direct solution to improve the bioactivity, antibacterial activity, and surface properties of deposited chitosan/gelatin coatings on orthopedic implants that are more manufacturable and translational from research to an industrial scale.
Chitosan hydrogel loaded with Aloe vera gel and tetrasodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) as the wound healing material: in vitro and in vivo study
Authors: Salehi Majid , Zamiri Sina , Samadian Hadi , Ai Jafar , Foroutani Laleh , Ai Arman , Khanmohammadi Mehdi 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe main aim of the current study was to develop a chitosan hydrogel containing Aloe vera gel and Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) as the wound healing materials. Chitosan with the concentration of (2% w/v) was prepared in AA (0.5%, v/v) and Tetrasodium EDTA (0.01% w/w) and AV (0.5% v/v) were added to the prepared polymer solution. As prepared solution was cross‐linked by β‐GP with the weight ratio of 1/6 w/w (1 chitosan and 6 β‐GP). The characterization of the hydrogels showed that the hydrogels have porous structures and interconnected pores with the pores size range from 41.5 ± 14 to 48.3 ± 11 μm. The swelling and weight loss measurements of the hydrogels showed that the hydrogels could swell up to 240% of their initial weight during 8 h and loss 79.7 ± 3.5% of the initial weight during 14 days. The antibacterial studies depicted that the prepared Cs/tEDTA/AV hydrogel inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus (the minimum inhibition concentration, MIC of 73 ± 4.8) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (the MIC of 40 ± 7.9). Moreover, the prepared hydrogels were hemocompatible (Cs/tEDTA/AV: OD of 0.24 ± 0.30) and biocompatible (Cs/tEDTA/AV: OD of 0.38 ± 0.01). At the final stage, the wound healing assessments in the animal model revealed that the application of the prepared hydrogels effectively enhanced the wound healing process. In conclusion, the results confirmed the efficacy of the prepared hydrogels as the wound healing materials.
Composite Spectra, Paper XXIII: HD 69479/80, a 90‐day binary with a cool‐giant primary
Authors: Griffin R. Elizabeth , Griffin Roger F. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractHD 69479/80 is a composite‐spectrum binary whose components are a late‐G giant and an early‐A dwarf. The orbit has a period of only 91 days (which seems short for a system containing a cool giant with a radius of ∼13 solar radii), and a very small, but probably significantly non‐zero, eccentricity. We separated the component spectra by a procedure of spectral subtraction, using a standard single giant spectrum as a template, and found the closest match to the spectrum of the cool component to be that of 15 Cyg (G8 III). We measured the radial velocity of the secondary component from each uncovered spectrum, solved the SB2 orbit for the system, and derived a mass ratio m1/m2 of 1.318. Fitting synthetic spectra to the spectra of the secondary component indicated a Teff of 9250 K, log g = 3.75, and a rotational velocity of ∼90 km s−1. We determined the difference in absolute magnitude, δV, between the component stars to be 1.07 mag, the late‐type component being the brighter; we could thence calculate radii and luminosities for both components, plot their H–R diagram positions, and fit evolutionary tracks. The best‐fitting tracks indicated masses of 2.9 M⊙ for the giant and 2.2 M⊙ for the dwarf, which was fully in keeping with the mass ratio given by the SB2 orbit. The track for the dwarf star confirms that this component has begun to evolve away from the ZAMS. Fitting the corresponding isochrone to those H–R diagram positions indicated a log (age) of the system of approximately 8.60 Gyr since the cool star evolved from the ZAMS, which is a little younger than the ages deduced for many cool giants. We also detected the λ 6707‐Å lithium line in the spectrum of the giant component, thus adding to the evidence that it is near the start of its primary ascent of the red‐giant branch.
Assessment and management of new and emerging risks for Europe's dietary supplement companies operating with botanicals
Authors: Delisi Riccardo , Daglia Maria , Pagliaro Mario 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis study identifies new and emerging risks in the botanicals sector with the aim of fostering the success of nutraceutical and dietary supplement companies based on quality, product safety, and consumer trust. Focusing on the Italian nutraceutical market, an analysis was conducted based on interviews with experts. The outcomes of the analysis and the resulting guidelines on how to manage safety and quality by preventing risk at firms commercializing botanical‐based nutraceuticals and dietary supplements are of direct relevance to industry practitioners and to bioeconomy and biotechnology scholars. © 2020 Society of Industrial Chemistry and John Wiley & Sons Ltd
Mechanism and optimization of supramolecular complexation‐enhanced fluorescence spectroscopy for the determination of SN‐38 in plasma and cells
Authors: Zhao Kena , Guo Tao , Sun Xian , Xiong Ting , Ren Xiaohong , Wu Li , Yang Rui , Sun Huimin , Shi Senlin , Zhang Jiwen 
Published: October 2020

AbstractQuantitative detection of two different forms of SN‐38 in biological samples is, currently, cumbersome and difficult. A revisit to the mechanism of supramolecular complexation‐enhanced fluorescence spectroscopy helps to optimize the determination of SN‐38 in plasma and the cellular pharmacokinetics in A549 cells based on the supramolecular complexation. Firstly, the inclusion mechanism dominated by thermodynamic constants was determined by measuring kinetic/thermodynamic parameters (kon, koff, ΔG, ΔH, ΔS). On this basis, the best effect of fluorescence sensitization was optimized through screening the interaction conditions (cyclodextrin species and concentrations, drug levels, temperature, pH of the buffer, and reaction time). Furthermore, the proportional relationship between the concentration of the inclusion complex and the fluorescence intensity was confirmed. Finally, a highly sensitive, selective spectrofluorimetric method was established and validated for quantitative analysis of the lactone and carboxylate molecular states of SN‐38 plasma levels in rats and cell membrane transfer kinetics in A549 cell lines. The limits of detection for the lactone and carboxylate forms in plasma were found to be 0.44 ng·ml−1 and 0.28 ng·ml−1, respectively. Precision and accuracy met the requirements of biological samples analysis. The proposed detection method provided a reference for elucidating the biodistribution of SN‐38.
Hybrid Conversion of5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural to5‐Aminomethyl‐2‐furancarboxylic acid: Toward New Bio‐sourced Polymers
Authors: Lancien Antoine , Wojcieszak Robert , Cuvelier Eric , Duban Matthieu , Dhulster Pascal , Paul Sébastien , Dumeignil Franck , Froidevaux Renato , Heuson Egon 
Published: October 2020

AbstractHybrid catalysis, which combines chemo‐ and biocatalytic benefits, is an efficient way to address green chemistry principles.5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is a versatile building block in numerous industrial applications. To date, few studies have described the production of its amine derivatives and their polymers. Finding a good methodology to directly transform HMF to5‐aminomethyl‐2‐furancarboxylic acid (AMFC) therefore represents an important challenge. After selecting the best oxidation catalyst for HMF conversion to5‐aldehyde‐2‐furancarboxylic acid and immobilizing a transaminase onto a solid carrier, we implemented the first one‐pot/two‐steps hybrid catalytic process to produce AMFC (77 % yield); this is the most efficient AMFC catalytic production method from HMF reported to date. This process also produced2,5‐furandicarboxylic acid (21 % yield) as a major secondary product that can be applied to polymer syntheses such as polyethylene furanoate. Herein, we report a novel way to access new biosourced polymers based on HMF oxidized and aminated derivatives.
Catalytic Property and Stability of Subnanometer Pt Cluster on Carbon Nanotube in Direct Propane Dehydrogenation
Authors: Sun Xiaoying , Xue Jiahui , Ren Yu , Li Xinyu , Zhou Lijing , Li Bo , Zhao Zhen 
Published: October 2020

Main observation and conclusionThe stability of nanosized platinum catalyst in direct propane dehydrogenation reaction is one of most critical challenges, which hinders the further improvements of catalytic performance. The cokes from side reaction covering the active site seriously undermine the catalyst stability. In this work, first principles calculations are performed to explore the catalytic properties of supported subnanometer platinum cluster on carbon nanotube support and focus is put on the inhibition of deep dehydrogenation. The reactivities of metal, interface, and tin promoter are investigated at the same footing. The whole reaction pathway from propane adsorption to propene desorption is revealed for different sites. It turns out that the C—H bond activation in propane is not the catalytic step with the largest barrier. Instead, the desorption of propene is more difficult. The comparison between different sites indicates that the interface between metal and support and Sn promoter is helpful to curb the propene deep dehydrogenation. Moreover, a descriptor is proposed to screen the potential effective propane direct dehydrogenation catalyst. The current work provides important insights on the development of new dehydrogenation catalyst.
Awareness, knowledge and treatment decisions for erosive tooth wear: A case‐based questionnaire among Danish dentists
Authors: Mortensen Diana , Mulic Aida , Pallesen Ulla , Twetman Svante 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the knowledge and experience of erosive tooth wear (ETW) among Danish dental practitioners and, based on two cases, explore their treatment decisions.MethodsWe sent a validated questionnaire electronically to all active members of The Danish Dental Association and The Association of Public Health Dentists in Denmark. The questionnaire had two parts; the first focused on scoring, recordkeeping, knowledge and experience of ETW. The second part presented two patients with different severity of erosive lesions to explore the dentists preventive and restorative treatment decisions.ResultsWe received 442 answers from 4,490 potentially eligible dentists in Denmark (response rate 9.8%). The majority (78%) was female and the median age was 44 years. Nearly all respondents (97%) registered ETW in the charts and 49% recorded “always” or “often” the patients' diet history, most commonly with aid of interviews. The respondents perceived the prevalence of ETW to be higher today than 10–15 years ago and male patients (15–25 years) appeared more affected than females. The majority (82%) thought that they usually found the probable cause of the condition with carbonated beverages being the most common factor. The treatment included dietary guidance, soft tooth brushing with non‐abrasive fluoride toothpaste, topical fluoride applications and direct composite restorations.ConclusionThe majority of Danish dentists taking part of this survey had adopted a minimally invasive approach for the management of erosive tooth wear in young adults. There was however room for improvements in diagnosis, scoring and case documentation.
The intelligent multi‐domain service function chain deployment: Architecture, challenges and solutions
Authors: Zhang Chuangchuang , Wang Xingwei , Dong Anwei , Zhao Yong , Li Fuliang , Huang Min 
Published: October 2020

SummaryNetwork function virtualization (NFV) technology achieves flexible service deployment by replacing the middleboxes with virtual network functions (VNFs). In NFV, a set of VNFs are chained in a given order, called service function chain (SFC), and accordingly, data flow is steered to traverse all the VNFs in order to offer a service. With a large number of network devices and end users being connected into Internet, there is a growing demand for large‐scale multi‐domain networks to dynamically deploy the SFC across multiple network domains, in order to support efficient service provisioning. To this end, in this paper, we first investigate the state of the art of multi‐domain SFC deployment, and then propose an intelligent multi‐domain SFC deployment (IMSD) architecture by leveraging software‐defined networking (SDN), NFV, and deep learning technologies. Furthermore, we discuss the potential challenges to realize the IMSD and provide some promising solutions.
Root cause analysis of indeterminate diagnoses in serous fluids cytopathology
Authors: Gokozan Hamza N. , Harbhajanka Aparna , Lyden Sandra , Michael Claire W. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIntroductionThe International System for Reporting Serous Fluid Cytopathology proposed five diagnostic categories: Nondiagnostic (ND), Negative for Malignancy (NFM), Atypia of Undetermined Significance (AUS), Suspicious for Malignancy (SFM) and Malignant (MAL) (Primary or Metastatic). The indeterminate (AUS/SFM) categories are challenging for management. The goal of this study is to reveal the root causes contributing to indeterminate diagnoses (ID).Materials and MethodsWe searched our archives between 1 January 2017 and 30 June 2019, and performed a root cause analysis (RCA) using the “5 whys” method to determine the contributing factors of ID.ResultsNine hundred eleven specimens were evaluated and diagnosed: ND (9, 1%), NFM (667, 73.2%), AUS (51, 5.6%), SFM (27, 3%) and MAL (157, 17.2%). More than one factor contributed to 38/78 ID. Low volume (<50 cc), and low cellularity were identified in 31 and 51 cases, respectively. Three cases were simply deferred to concurrent biopsy. Eleven cases were called atypical, favor reactive mesothelium despite confirmatory IHC. Atypical lymphoid population was reported in seven cases. Cellblocks (CB) were low in cellularity despite volume >1000 mL in 13 cases. Two mesotheliomas were underdiagnosed as suspicious.ConclusionsLow cellularity and low volume were the most common contributing factors, highlighting the importance of adequate sample collection. Adequate volume specimens with low cellularity may benefit from a close inspection and a second CB. Some IDs can be switched to NFM or MAL with careful consideration of clinical, radiologic findings and ancillary testing, and concurrent surgical pathology correlation when available.
Targeted and passive environmental DNA approaches outperform established methods for detection of quagga mussels, Dreissena rostriformis bugensis in flowing water
Authors: Blackman Rosetta C. , Ling Kar Keun Sean , Harper Lynsey R. , Shum Peter , Hänfling Bernd , Lawson‐Handley Lori 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

The early detection of invasive non‐native species (INNS) is important for informing management actions. Established monitoring methods require the collection or observation of specimens, which is unlikely at the beginning of an invasion when densities are likely to be low. Environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis is a highly promising technique for the detection of INNS—particularly during the early stages of an invasion.

Here, we compared the use of traditional kick‐net sampling with two eDNA approaches (targeted detection using both conventional and quantitative PCR and passive detection via metabarcoding with conserved primers) for detection of quagga mussel, Dreissena rostriformis bugensis, a high priority INNS, along a density gradient on the River Wraysbury, UK.

All three molecular tools outperformed traditional sampling in terms of detection. Conventional PCR and qPCR both had 100% detection rate in all samples and outperformed metabarcoding when the target species was at low densities. Additionally, quagga mussel DNA copy number (qPCR) and relative read count (metabarcoding) were significantly influenced by both mussel density and distance from source population, with distance being the most significant predictor.

Synthesis and application. All three molecular approaches were more sensitive than traditional kick‐net sampling for the detection of the quagga mussel in flowing water, and both qPCR and metabarcoding enabled estimates of relative abundance. Targeted approaches were more sensitive than metabarcoding, but metabarcoding has the advantage of providing information on the wider community and consequently the impacts of INNS.
Long‐term arsenic exposure impairs differentiation in mouse embryonal stem cells
Authors: McMichael Benjamin D. , Perego M. Chiara , Darling Caitlin L. , Perry Rebekah L. , Coleman Sarah C. , Bain Lisa J. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractArsenic is a contaminant found in many foods and drinking water. Exposure to arsenic during development can cause improper neuronal progenitor cell development, differentiation, and function, while in vitro studies have determined that acute arsenic exposure to stem and progenitor cells reduced their ability to differentiate. In the current study, P19 mouse embryonal stem cells were exposed continuously to 0.1‐μM (7.5 ppb) arsenic for 32 weeks. A cell lineage array examining messenger RNA (mRNA) changes after 8 and 32 weeks of exposure showed that genes involved in pluripotency were increased, whereas those involved in differentiation were reduced. Therefore, temporal changes of select pluripotency and neuronal differentiation markers throughout the 32‐week chronic arsenic exposure were investigated. Sox2 and Oct4 mRNA expression were increased by 1.9‐ to 2.5‐fold in the arsenic‐exposed cells, beginning at Week 12. Sox2 protein expression was similarly increased starting at Week 16 and remained elevated by 1.5‐fold to sixfold. One target of Sox2 is N‐cadherin, whose expression is a hallmark of epithelial–mesenchymal transitions (EMTs). Exposure to arsenic significantly increased N‐cadherin protein levels beginning at Week 20, concurrent with increased grouping of N‐cadherin positive cells at the perimeter of the embryoid body. Expression of Zeb1, which helps increase the expression of Sox2, was also increased started at Week 16. In contrast, Gdf3 mRNA expression was reduced by 3.4‐ to 7.2‐fold beginning at Week 16, and expression of its target protein, phospho‐Smad2/3, was also reduced. These results suggest that chronic, low‐level arsenic exposure may delay neuronal differentiation and maintain pluripotency.
Refined metadynamics through canonical sampling using time‐invariant bias potential: A study of polyalcohol dehydration in hot acidic solutions
Authors: Kondo Tomomi , Sasaki Takehiko , Ruiz‐Barragan Sergi , Ribas‐Ariño Jordi , Shiga Motoyuki 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWe propose a canonical sampling method to refine metadynamics simulations a posteriori, where the hills obtained from metadynamics are used as a time‐invariant bias potential. In this way, the statistical error in the computed reaction barriers is reduced by an efficient sampling of the collective variable space at the free energy level of interest. This simple approach could be useful particularly when two or more free energy barriers are to be compared among chemical reactions in different or competing conditions. The method was then applied to study the acid dependence of polyalcohol dehydration reactions in high‐temperature aqueous solutions. It was found that the reaction proceeds consistently via an SN2 mechanism, whereby the free energy of protonation of the hydroxyl group created as an intermediate is affected significantly by the acidic species. Although demonstration is shown for a specific problem, the computational method suggested herein could be generally used for simulations of complex reactions in the condensed phase.