bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Podiatrists' views of assessment and management of pain in diabetes‐related foot ulcers: a focus group study
Authors: Frescos Nicoletta , Copnell Bev 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundContrary to the belief that patients with diabetes‐related foot ulcers (DRFU) do not experience wound related pain due to the presence of peripheral neuropathy there is increasing evidence that pain can be present. Subsequently, wound‐related pain is often underestimated and undertreated. The aim of this study is to describe what influences pain assessment of DRFU.MethodsA qualitative exploratory study was conducted with podiatrists who managed DRFU. Eight podiatrists were recruited through a professional organisation to participate in a focus group. A thematic analysis was conducted to identify themes that explored the barriers and enablers to pain assessment and management of DRFU.ResultsThree themes emerged. Observational and non‐verbal cues were the preferred approaches used to assess wound pain. Assumptions and value judgments of the pain patients experienced and the relationships between podiatrists, patients and other health care practitioners were important influencers on the assessment and management of pain.ConclusionThe perceived barriers to the assessment and management of wound related pain in DRFU were attitudes and beliefs about pain, lack of DRFU‐specific validated assessment tools and lack of knowledge and skills to manage the pain.
Oral vitamin A supplementation for ROP prevention in VLBW preterm infants
Authors: Garofoli Francesca , Barillà Donatella , Angelini Micol , Mazzucchelli Iolanda , De Silvestri Annalisa , Guagliano Rosanna , Decembrino Lidia , Tzialla Chryssoula 
Published: June 2020

AbstractVitamin A administration may decrease any stage of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in preterm infants. To evaluate whether vitamin A oral supplementation could be preventive in ROP incidence and severity in VLBW infants, we compared results from 31 preterm infants, (< 1500 g or < 32 weeks) who, during a previous investigation, prospectively received 3000 UI/kg/die oral retinol palmitate drops, for 28 days, with 31 matching preterm newborns hospitalized in our NICU the same period, as control group. Although ROP incidence was similar, in the supplemented group, we had 9 cases of ROP grade 1, no ROP grade ≥ 2, in the un-supplemented group, 4 cases of ROP grade 1 and 6 ROP grade ≥ 2 (p = 0.018). The percentage of babies requiring treatment for ROP was 0 in treated and 16.6 in the un-treated group (p = 0.020). Moreover, Vitamin A administration showed a protective effect with an 88% risk reduction of developing severe ROP. Since vitamin A parenteral/IM administration presents some awareness, the results of this investigation may be important to plan further trials to confirm the usefulness of oral administration in mitigating the ROP severity of VLBW infants.ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02102711; may 03/06/2014.
Evaluating the efficacy and safety of GKT137831 in adults with type 1 diabetes and persistently elevated urinary albumin excretion: a statistical analysis plan
Authors: De Livera Alysha M. , Reutens Anne , Cooper Mark , Thomas Merlin , Jandeleit-Dahm Karin , Shaw Jonathan E. , Salim Agus 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe investigational medicinal product GKT137831 is a selective inhibitor of NOX 1 and 4 isoforms of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase family of enzymes, which has the potential to ameliorate diabetic kidney disease. An investigator-initiated, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, multicentre phase 2 clinical trial started recruitment in December 2017, with the aim of evaluating the efficacy and safety of GKT13783, in adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus and persistently elevated urinary albumin excretion over a period of 48 weeks.Methods/designThe trial is currently recruiting in Australia and New Zealand, with recruitment expected to end on 30 June 2020. The primary outcome measure of the trial is the urinary albumin excretion level measured at 48 weeks of treatment. This statistical analysis plan presents an update to the published trial protocol and provides a comprehensive description of the statistical methods that will be used for the analysis of the data from this trial. In doing so, we follow the “Guidelines for the content of statistical analysis plans in clinical trials” to support transparency and reproducibility of the trial findings.DiscussionWith the use of this prior statistical analysis plan, we aim to minimise bias in the reporting of the findings of this trial, which evaluates the investigational medicinal product GKT137831. The results of the trial are expected to be published in 2022.Trial registrationANZCTR registry:ACTRN12617001187336. Registered on 14 July 2017.Universal Trial Number: U1111-1187-2609; Protocol number: T1DGKT137831; Genkyotex trial number: GSN000241.
LAMPS: an analysis pipeline for sequence-specific ligation-mediated amplification reads
Authors: Cameron Christopher J. F. , Wang Xue Q. D. , Dostie Josée , Blanchette Mathieu 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Objective
Ligation-Mediated Amplification (LMA) is a versatile biochemical tool for amplifying selected DNA sequences. LMA has increased in popularity due to its integration within chromosome conformation capture (5C) and chromatin immunoprecipitation (2C-ChIP) methodologies. The output of either 5C or 2C-ChIP protocols is a single-read sequencing library of ligated primer pairs that may or may not be multiplexed. While many computational tools currently exist for read mapping and analysis, these tools neither fully support multiplexed libraries nor provide qualitative reporting on the LMA primers involved. Typically, the task of library demultiplexing or primer analysis is offloaded on to the user. Our aim was to develop an easy-to-use pipeline for processing (multiplexed) single-read sequencing data produced by sequence-specific LMA.

Results
Here, we describe the Ligation-mediated Amplified, Multiplexed Primer-pair Sequence (LAMPS) analysis pipeline. LAMPS facilitates the analysis of multiplexed LMA sequencing data and provides a thorough assessment of a library’s reads for a variety of experimental parameters (e.g., primer-pair efficiency). The standardized output of LAMPS allows for easy integration with downstream analyses, such as data track visualization on a genome browser. LAMPS is made publicly available on GitHub: https://github.com/BlanchetteLab/LAMPS
Prevalence of self-harm among lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender adolescents: a comparison of personal and social adversity with a heterosexual sample in Ghana
Authors: Quarshie Emmanuel N.-B. , Waterman Mitch G. , House Allan O. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Objectives
We sought to estimate the prevalence of self-reported self-harm among adolescents identifying as lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) in Ghana, and compare self-reported personal and social adversities related to self-harm in this group to those in a random sample of heterosexual adolescents from the same locality.

Results
A total of 444 adolescents aged 13-21 years, comprising 74 LGBT adolescents and 370 heterosexual adolescents, provided data. The lifetime prevalence estimate of self-harm was higher in the LGBT group (47%) than the heterosexual group (23%). The LGBT group reported a higher rate of self-harm during the previous 12 months (45%), compared to the heterosexual group (18%). LGBT adolescents reported more alcohol and substance use and more personal social adversities, including various forms of victimisation, than heterosexual adolescents. They were no more likely to report difficulty in making and keeping friends or schoolwork problems than were heterosexual adolescents.
Cell density alters bacterial community structure in culture-enriched 16S rRNA gene microbiota profiling
Authors: Adhikari Bishnu , Kwon Young Min 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Objective
Microbial community profiling using 16S rRNA gene has provided invaluable insights into diverse microbial communities. Recently a few studies have attempted to use 16S rRNA gene microbiota profiling in combination with the conventional culture methods to explore bacterial communities. In this “culture-enriched microbiota profiling” approach, microbes in a sample are cultured on solid media, and the resulting colonies are combined and subjected to 16S rRNA gene microbiota profiling. Here we investigated the effect of cell densities as determined by varying levels of sample dilution on the culture-enriched microbiota profiles using De Man, Rogosa and Sharpe (MRS) agar medium as a model system.

Results
Cecal samples collected from 10 healthy chickens were serially diluted to 102 fold (M-LOW), 104 fold (M-MEDIUM), and 106 fold (M-HIGH), and the dilutions were plated on MRS agar. 16S rRNA gene profiling showed that the relative abundance of certain genera showed gradual increase (Pediococcus and Enterococcus) or decrease (Lactobacillus and Turicibacter) with higher dilutions, though it was significant only for Pediococcus (p < 0.05). The result indicates that the dilution levels of the samples can alter the resulting microbiota profiles via unknown density-dependent mechanisms and thus should be considered for designing experiments using culture-enriched microbiota profiling.
Dentoskeletal and tooth-size differences between Syrian and Hungarian adolescents with Class II division 1 malocclusion: a retrospective study
Authors: Al Ayoubi Alaa , Khandan Dezfully Alireza , Madléna Melinda 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectivesMalocclusion features differ across various populations and ethnicities. At this time, no data are available regarding the dentofacial differences between Syrian and European adolescents with Class II division 1 malocclusion, which is one of the most frequently treated pathologies in orthodontic practice. The present combined cephalometric and tooth-size study aimed to compare the dentoskeletal and tooth-size characteristics of Syrian and Hungarian adolescents with Class II division 1 malocclusion.ResultsClass II division 1 malocclusion in Hungarian adolescents was a sagittal discrepancy, while in Syrian adolescents, it was a result of excessive vertical development. Syrian adolescents had a significantly excessive vertical development when compared with Hungarian adolescents, regardless of sex(p < 0.01). Hungarian boys had significantly more protruded maxillae(p < 0.001)and less retruded mandibles (p < 0.01)when compared with Syrian boys, while Hungarian girls had significantly shorter mandibles relative to those of Syrian girls (p < 0.01). Syrian girls had significantly more protrusive lower incisors (p < 0.001), accompanied by significantly larger anterior tooth-size ratios when compared to Hungarian girls (p < 0.001). In conclusion, these findings underscore the importance of considering ethnic differences during orthodontic diagnosis and may have implications for optimizing orthodontic treatments in Syrian and Hungarian adolescents with Class II division 1 malocclusion.
DNA methylation loci in placenta associated with birthweight and expression of genes relevant for early development and adult diseases
Authors: Tekola-Ayele Fasil , Zeng Xuehuo , Ouidir Marion , Workalemahu Tsegaselassie , Zhang Cuilin , Delahaye Fabien , Wapner Ronald 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Birthweight marks an important milestone of health across the lifespan, including cardiometabolic disease risk in later life. The placenta, a transient organ at the maternal-fetal interface, regulates fetal growth. Identifying genetic loci where DNA methylation in placenta is associated with birthweight can unravel genomic pathways that are dysregulated in aberrant fetal growth and cardiometabolic diseases in later life.

Results
We performed placental epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) of birthweight in an ethnic diverse cohort of pregnant women (n = 301). Methylation at 15 cytosine-(phosphate)-guanine sites (CpGs) was associated with birthweight (false discovery rate (FDR) < 0.05). Methylation at four (26.7%) CpG sites was associated with placental transcript levels of 15 genes (FDR < 0.05), including genes known to be associated with adult lipid traits, inflammation and oxidative stress. Increased methylation at cg06155341 was associated with higher birthweight and lower FOSL1 expression, and lower FOSL1 expression was correlated with higher birthweight. Given the role of the FOSL1 transcription factor in regulating developmental processes at the maternal-fetal interface, epigenetic mechanisms at this locus may regulate fetal development. We demonstrated trans-tissue portability of methylation at four genes (MLLT1, PDE9A, ASAP2, and SLC20A2) implicated in birthweight by a previous study in cord blood. We also found that methylation changes known to be related to maternal underweight, preeclampsia and adult type 2 diabetes were associated with lower birthweight in placenta.

Conclusion
We identified novel placental DNA methylation changes associated with birthweight. Placental epigenetic mechanisms may underlie dysregulated fetal development and early origins of adult cardiometabolic diseases.

Clinical trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT00912132
SHP2 mutations induce precocious gliogenesis of Noonan syndrome-derived iPSCs during neural development in vitro
Authors: Ju Younghee , Park Jun Sung , Kim Daejeong , Kim Bumsoo , Lee Jeong Ho , Nam Yoonkey , Yoo Han-Wook , Lee Beom Hee , Han Yong-Mahn 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Noonan syndrome (NS) is a developmental disorder caused by mutations of Src homology 2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 2 (SHP2). Although NS patients have diverse neurological manifestations, the mechanisms underlying the involvement of SHP2 mutations in neurological dysfunction remain elusive.

Methods
Induced pluripotent stem cells generated from dermal fibroblasts of three NS-patients (NS-iPSCs) differentiated to the neural cells by using two different culture systems, 2D- and 3D-cultured systems in vitro.

Results
Here we represent that SHP2 mutations cause aberrant neural development. The NS-iPSCs exhibited impaired development of EBs in which BMP and TGF-β signalings were activated. Defective early neuroectodermal development of NS-iPSCs recovered by inhibition of both signalings and further differentiated into NPCs. Intriguingly, neural cells developed from NS-NPCs exhibited abundancy of the glial cells, neurites of neuronal cells, and low electrophysiological property. Those aberrant phenotypes were also detected in NS-cerebral organoids. SHP2 inhibition in the NS-NPCs and NS-cerebral organoids ameliorated those anomalies such as biased glial differentiation and low neural activity.

Conclusion
Our findings demonstrate that SHP2 mutations contribute to precocious gliogenesis in NS-iPSCs during neural development in vitro.
Expression dynamics of integrin α2, α3, and αV upon osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Lee Hyun Min , Seo Se-Ri , Kim Jeeseung , Kim Min Kyu , Seo Hyosun , Kim Kyoung Soo , Jang Young-Joo , Ryu Chun Jeih 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
The differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) into osteoblasts (OBs) is a prerequisite for bone formation. However, little is known about the definitive surface markers for OBs during osteogenesis.

Methods
To study the surface markers on OBs, we generated and used monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against surface molecules on transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)-treated cancer cells. The generated MAbs were further selected toward expression changes on hMSCs cultured with TGF-β1/bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) or osteogenic differentiation medium (ODM) by flow cytometry. Immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry were performed to identify target antigens of selected MAbs. Expression changes of the target antigens were evaluated in hMSCs, human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs), and human dental pulp cells (hDPCs) during osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and flow cytometry. hMSCs were also sorted by the MAbs using magnetic-activated cell sorting system, and osteogenic potential of sorted cells was evaluated via Alizarin Red S (ARS) staining and qPCR.

Results
The binding reactivity of MR14-E5, one of the MAbs, was downregulated in hMSCs with ODM while the binding reactivity of ER7-A7, ER7-A8, and MR1-B1 MAbs was upregulated. Mass spectrometry and overexpression identified that MR14-E5, ER7-A7/ER7-A8, and MR1-B1 recognized integrin α2, α3, and αV, respectively. Upon osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs, the expression of integrin α2 was drastically downregulated, but the expression of integrin α3 and αV was upregulated in accordance with upregulation of osteogenic markers. Expression of integrin α3 and αV was also upregulated in hPDLCs and hDPCs during osteogenic differentiation. Cell sorting showed that integrin αV-high hMSCs have a greater osteogenic potential than integrin αV-low hMSCs upon the osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs. Cell sorting further revealed that the surface expression of integrin αV is more dramatically induced even in integrin αV-low hMSCs.

Conclusion
These findings suggest that integrin α3 and αV induction is a good indicator of OB differentiation. These findings also shed insight into the expression dynamics of integrins upon osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs and provide the reason why different integrin ligands are required for OB differentiation of hMSCs.
Efficacy of mesenchymal stem cell therapy for sepsis: a meta-analysis of preclinical studies
Authors: Sun Xue-Yi , Ding Xian-Fei , Liang Huo-Yan , Zhang Xiao-Juan , Liu Shao-Hua , Bing-Han  , Duan Xiao-Guang , Sun Tong-Wen 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Multiple studies have reported that mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy has beneficial effects in experimental models of sepsis. However, this finding remains inconclusive. This study was performed to systematically determine the connection between MSC therapy and mortality in sepsis animal models by pooling and analyzing data from newly published studies.

Methods
A detailed search of related studies from 2009 to 2019 was conducted in four databases, including MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. After browsing and filtering out articles that met the inclusion criteria for statistical analysis, the inverse variance method of the fixed effects model was used to calculate the pooled odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results
Twenty-nine animal studies, including 1266 animals, were identified. None of the studies was judged to have a low risk of bias. The meta-analysis demonstrated that MSC therapy was related to a significantly lower mortality rate (OR 0.29, 95% CI 0.22–0.38, P < 0.001). Subgroup analyses performed based on the MSC injection dose (< 1.0 × 106 cells, OR = 0.33, 95% CI 0.20–0.56, P < 0.001; 1.0 × 106 cells, OR = 0.24, 95% CI 0.16–0.35, P < 0.001) and injection time (< 1 h, OR = 0.24, 95% CI 0.13–0.45, P < 0.001; 1 h, OR = 0.28, 95% CI 0.17–0.46, P < 0.001) demonstrated that treatment with MSCs significantly reduced the mortality rate of animals with sepsis.

Conclusion
This up-to-date meta-analysis showed a connection between MSC therapy and lower mortality in sepsis animal models, supporting the potential therapeutic effect of MSC treatment in future clinical trials. The results in this study contradict a previous meta-analysis with regards to the ideal dose of MSC therapy. Thus, further research is required to support these findings.
Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound upregulates osteogenesis under inflammatory conditions in periodontal ligament stem cells through unfolded protein response
Authors: Li Han , Deng Yuejia , Tan Minmin , Feng Ge , Kuang Yunchun , Li Jie , Song Jinlin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
In periodontal tissue engineering, periodontal ligament stem cells derived from patients with periodontitis (P-PDLSCs) are among the most promising and accessible stem cells for repairing disrupted alveolar bone and other connective tissues around the teeth. However, the inflammatory environment influences the osteogenic differentiation ability of P-PDLSCs. We examined low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) in P-PDLSCs in vitro and in rats with experimental periodontitis to determine whether LIPUS can enhance the osteogenic differentiation of stem cells.

Materials and methods
P-PDLSCs were harvested and isolated from the periodontal tissues around the teeth of periodontitis patients, and healthy PDLSCs (H-PDLSCs) were obtained from tissues around healthy teeth. After validation by flow cytometry analysis, the P-PDLSCs were cultured in osteogenic medium either pretreated with the endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) inhibitor 4-phenyl butyric acid (4-PBA) or not pretreated and then treated with or without LIPUS (90 mW/cm2, 1.5 MHz) for 30 min per day. Cell viability, ERS marker expression, and osteogenic potential were determined between the different treatment groups. LPS-induced H-PDLSCs were used to mimic the inflammatory environment. In addition, we established a model of experimental periodontitis in rats and used LIPUS and 4-PBA as treatment methods. Then, the maxillary bone was collected, and micro-CT and histology staining methods were used to detect the absorption of alveolar bone.

Results
Our data showed that the P-PDLSCs derived from periodontitis tissues were in a more pronounced ERS state than were the H-PDLSCs, which resulted in the former being associated with increased inflammation and decreased osteogenic ability. LIPUS can alleviate ERS and inflammation while increasing the bone formation capacity of P-PDLSCs in vivo and in vitro.

Conclusions
LIPUS may be an effective method to enhance the outcome of periodontal tissue engineering treatments of periodontitis by suppressing inflammation and increasing the osteogenic differentiation of P-PDLSCs through the unfolded protein response pathway, and more detailed studies are needed in the future.
Characterization of deltamethrin degradation and metabolic pathway by co-culture of Acinetobacter junii LH-1-1 and Klebsiella pneumoniae BPBA052
Authors: Tang Jie , Hu Qiong , Lei Dan , Wu Min , Zeng Chaoyi , Zhang Qing 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDeltamethrin and its major metabolite 3‐phenoxybenzoic acid (3‐PBA) have caused serious threat to the environment as well as human health, yet little is known about their degradation pathways by bacterial co-cultures. In this study, the growth and degradation kinetics of Acinetobacter junii LH-1-1 and Klebsiella pneumoniae BPBA052 during deltamethrin and 3-PBA degradation were established, respectively. When the inoculum proportion of the strains LH-1-1 and BPBA052 was 7.5:2.5, and LH-1-1 was inoculated 24 h before inoculation of strain BPBA052, 94.25% deltamethrin was degraded and 9.16 mg/L of 3-PBA remained within 72 h, which was 20.36% higher and 10.25 mg/L lesser than that in monoculture of LH-1-1, respectively. And the half-life of deltamethrin was shortened from 38.40 h to 24.58 h. Based on gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, 3-phenoxybenzaldehyde, 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic butyl dacyl ester, and phenol were identified as metabolites during deltamethrin degradation in co-culture. This is the first time that a co-culture degradation pathway of deltamethrin has been proposed based on these identified metabolites. Bioremediation of deltamethrin-contaminated soils with co-culture of strains LH-1-1 and BPBA052 significantly enhanced deltamethrin degradation and 3-PBA removal. This study provides a platform for further studies on deltamethrin and 3-PBA biodegradation mechanism in co-culture, and it also proposes a promising approach for efficient bioremediation of environment contaminated by pyrethroid pesticides and their associated metabolites.