bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Indane-1,3-diones: As Potential and Selective α-glucosidase Inhibitors, their Synthesis, in vitro and in silico Studies
Authors: Mukhtar Asma , Shah Shazia , Kanwal  , Hameed Shehryar , Khan Khalid Mohammed , Khan Shahid Ullah , Zaib Sumera , Iqbal Jamshed , Perveen Shahnaz 
Published: August 2020

Background:
Diabetes mellitus is one of the most chronic metabolic disorders. Since
past few years, our research group had synthesized and evaluated libraries of heterocyclic compounds
against α and β-glucosidase enzymes and found encouraging results. The current study
comprises of evaluation of indane-1,3-dione as antidiabetic agents based on our previously reported
results obtained from closely related moiety isatin and its derivatives.

Objective:
A library of twenty three indane-1,3-dione derivatives (1-23) was synthesized and evaluated
for α and β-glucosidase inhibitions. Moreover, in silico docking studies were carried out to investigate
the putative binding mode of selected compounds with the target enzyme.

Methods:
The indane-1,3-dione derivatives (1-23) were synthesized by Knoevenagel condensation
of different substituted benzaldehydes with indane-1,3-dione under basic condition. The structures
of synthetic molecules were deduced by using different spectroscopic techniques, including 1H-,
13C-NMR, EI-MS, and CHN analysis. Compounds (1-23) were evaluated for α and β-glucosidase
inhibitions by adopting the literature protocols.

Result:
Off twenty three, eleven compounds displayed good to moderate activity against α-
glucosidase enzyme, nonetheless, all compounds exhibited less than 50% inhibition against β-
glucosidase enzyme. Compounds 1, 14, and 23 displayed good activity against α-glucosidase enzyme
with IC50 values of 2.80 ± 0.11, 0.76 ± 0.01, and 2.17 ± 0.18 μM, respectively. The results
have shown that these compounds have selectively inhibited the α-glucosidase enzyme. The in
silico docking studies also supported the above results and showed different types of interactions of
synthetic molecules with the active site of enzyme.

Conclusion:
The compounds 1, 14, and 23 have shown good inhibition against α-glucosidase and
may potentially serve as lead for the development of new therapeutic representatives.
Development and Optimization of Sustained Release Moxifloxacin Hydrochloride Loaded Nanoemulsion for Ophthalmic Drug Delivery: A 32 Factorial Design Approach
Authors: Pardeshi Sagar R. , Mistari Harshal A. , Jain Rakhi S. , Pardeshi Pankaj R. , Rajput Rahul L. , Mahajan Dhiraj S. , Shirsath Nitin R. 
Published: August 2020

Background:
Moxifloxacin is a BCS class I drug used in the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis
and keratitis. Despite its high water solubility, it possesses limited bioavailability due to anatomical
and physiological constraints associated with the eyes, which require multiple administrations
to achieve a therapeutic effect.

Objective:
In order to prolong drug release and to improve antibacterial efficacy for the treatment of
bacterial keratitis and conjunctivitis, moxifloxacin-loaded nanoemulsion was developed.

Methods:
The concentration of oil (oleic acid), a surfactant (tween 80), and a cosurfactant (propylene
glycol) were optimized by employing a 3-level 2-factorial design of the experiment for the development
of nanoemulsion. The developed nanoemulsion was characterized by particle size distribution,
viscosity, refractive index, pH, drug content and release, Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM),
and antibacterial study. The compatibility of the drug with the excipients was accessed by Fourier
Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR).

Result:
The average globule size was found to be 198.20 nm. The TEM study revealed that the globules
were nearly spherical and well-distributed. In vitro drug release profile of the nanoemulsion
showed a sustained drug release (60.12% at the end of 6 h) compared to drug solution, with complete
drug released within 2 h. The antibacterial effectiveness of the drug-loaded nanoemulsion improved
against S. aureus compared with the marketed formulation.

Conclusion:
The formulated sustained-release nanoemulsion could be a promising alternative to eye
drops with improved patient compliance by minimizing dosing frequency with improved antibacterial
activity.
CDI Cross-linked Nanosponges of Citronella Oil for Controlled Mosquito-repellent Activity
Authors: Dubey Pooja , Shende Pravin 
Published: August 2020

Background:
Citronella oil is considered one of the effective mosquito-
repellent oil and in cooperation of oil into nanosponges will help to prevent its
evaporation and enhance its effect.

Objective:
The objective of the current research was to formulate and characterize
CDI cross-linked nanosponges of citronella oil for controlled mosquito-repellent
activity.

Method:
β-cyclodextrin-based nanosponges were prepared by polymer condensation
method and encapsulated with citronella oil by the sonication method. A
topical cream containing citronella oil-based nanosponges was formulated by the
phase inversion temperature method. Particle size, zeta potential, encapsulation
efficiency, stability, in vitro release, FTIR and DSC studies were used as characterization
parameters.

Results:
The particle size of citronella oil encapsulated β-cyclodextrin-based
nanosponges was 23.05±3.88 nm. The zeta potential of nanosponges was sufficiently
high to prevent aggregation. In vitro studies revealed the controlled release
of citronella oil from the nanosponges for 24 h. FTIR and DSC confirmed
the interaction of the citronella oil with the nanosponges.

Conclusion:
Citronella oil encapsulated nanosponges in the topical formulation
is an alternative to synthetic marketed creams for controlled mosquito-repellent
activity.
Intrusion Detection System for Malicious Traffic Using Evolutionary Search Algorithm
Authors: Al-Saqqa Samar , Al-Fayoumi Mustafa , Qasaimeh Malik 
Published: August 2020

Introduction:
Intrusion detection systems play a key role in system security by identifying potential attacks and
giving appropriate responses. As new attacks are always emerging, intrusion detection systems must adapt to these
attacks, and more work is continuously needed to develop and propose new methods and techniques that can improve
efficient and effective adaptive intrusion systems. Feature selection is one of the challenging areas that need more work
because of its importance and impact on the performance of intrusion detection systems. This paper applies evolutionary
search algorithm in feature subset selection for intrusion detection systems.

Methods:
The evolutionary search algorithm for the feature subset selection is applied and two classifiers are used, Naïve
Bayes and decision tree J48, to evaluate system performance before and after features selection. NSL-KDD dataset and its
subsets are used in all evaluation experiments.

Results:
The results show that feature selection using the evolutionary search algorithm enhances the intrusion detection
system with respect to detection accuracy and detection of unknown attacks. Furthermore, time performance is achieved
by reducing training time, which is reflected positively in overall system performance.

Discussion:
The evolutionary search applied to select IDS algorithm features can be developed by
modifying and enhancing mutation and crossover operators and applying new enhanced techniques
in the selection process, which can give better results and enhance the performance of intrusion detection
for rare and complicated attacks.

Conclusion:
The evolutionary search algorithm is applied to find the best subset of features for the
intrusion detection system. In conclusion, it is a promising approach to be used as a feature selection
method for intrusion detection. The results showed better performance for the intrusion detection
system in terms of accuracy and detection rate.
Virtual Screening of Potential Therapeutic Inhibitors Against Spike, Helicase, and Polymerase of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)
Authors: Tazeen Ayesha , Deeba Farah , Alam Aftab , Ali Rafat , Ishrat Romana , Ahmed Anwar , Ali Sher , Parveen Shama 
Published: August 2020

Background:
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has infected
around 13 million people and has caused more than 5.7 lakh deaths worldwide since December 2019. In
the absence of FDA approved drugs for its treatment, only symptomatic management is done.

Methods:
We attempted to uncover potential therapeutic targets of spike, helicase, and RNA dependent
RNA polymerase (RdRp) proteins of the SARS-CoV-2 employing a computational approach. The PDB
structure of spike and RdRp and predicted structure of helicase proteins were docked with 100 approved
anti-viral drugs, natural compounds, and some other chemical compounds.

Results:
The anti-SARS ligands EK1 and CID 23631927, and NCGC00029283 are potential entry inhibitors
as they showed affinity with immunogenic Receptor Binding Domain (RBD) of the spike protein.
This RBD interacts with Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE2) receptor, facilitating the entry of
virion in the host cells. The FDA approved drugs, including Nelfinavir, Saquinavir, Tipranavir, Setrobuvir,
Indinavir, and Atazanavir, showed potential inhibitory activity against targeted domains and thus,
may act as entry or replication inhibitor or both. Furthermore, several anti-HCoV natural compounds,
including Amentoflavone, Rutin, and Tannin, are also potential entry and replication inhibitors as they
showed affinity with RBD, P-loop containing nucleoside triphosphate hydrolase, and the catalytic domain
of the respective protein. Dithymoquinone showed significant inhibitory potential against the fusion
peptide of S2 domain. Importantly, Tannin, Dithymoquinone, and Rutin can be extracted from Nigella
sativa seeds and thus, may prove to be one of the most potential anti-SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors.

Conclusion:
Several potential ligands were identified with already known anti-HCoVs activities. Furthermore,
as this study showed that some of the ligands acted as both entry and replication inhibitors
against SARS-CoV-2, it is envisaged that a combination of either inhibitor with a dual mode of action
would prove to be a much desired therapeutic option against this viral infection.
Penanganan Masalah Lingkungan di SD Negeri Caturtunggal 7
Authors: Riyanto Yuni , Pratama Muhamad Tegar , Griapon Elisabet 
Published: August 2020

AbstrakSDN Caturtunggal 7 merupakan sekolah negeri yang beralamat di Jl. Gambir No. 6 B Karangasem Baru, Caturtunggal, Depok, Sleman, DIY. Sekolah ini berada di suatu kompleks yang letaknya cukup jauh dari jalan utama. Lingkungan sekolah ini berbatasan langsung dengan pemukiman warga tanpa adanya pagar. Aktivitas warga juga sering terlihat di dalam sekolah ini. Selain itu, di dalam sekolah juga terdapat berbagai permasalahan lingkungan yang sering dikeluhkan seperti belum tepatnya pemilahan sampah, siswa sering buang sampah sembarangan, penataan ruang parkir yang belum rapi, kurangnya kesadaran siswa untuk menjaga kebersihan kamar mandi, dsb. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah untuk menerapkan dan menyebarluaskan solusi masalah lingkungan yang ada di sekolah tersebut. Solusi yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini antara lain : (1) sosialisasi mengenai cara pemilahan dan pengolahan sampah, (2) penanaman tanaman di lahan kosong, (3) pembuatan vertical garden, (4) penerapan Cuci Tangan Pakai Sabun (CTPS) dengan memberikan perlengkapan berupa sabun dan lap, (5) pemberian slogan ajakan untuk membuang sampah pada tempatnya, menghemat air, dan cuci tangan pakai sabun. Setelah kegiatan dilaksanakan, selanjutnya dilakukan analisis dan evaluasi sehingga diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa permasalahan lingkungan jika ditangani secara tepat akan menghasilkan suatu karya dan inovasi yang solutif bagi masyarakat. Kata kunci: sosialisasi, masalah, lingkungan, vertical garden, cuci tangan. Handling Environmental Problems in Caturtunggal 7 Elementary School AbstractSDN Caturtunggal 7 is a public school that is located at Jl. Gambir No. 6 B Karangasem Baru, Caturtunggal, Depok, Sleman, DIY. This school is located in a complex that is located quite far from the main road. The environment of this school is directly adjacent to people's housing without a fence. Citizen activities are also often seen in this school. In addition, in the school there are also various environmental problems that are often complained of such as not precisely sorting waste, students often dispose of litter, arrangement of parking spaces that are not neat, lack of student awareness to maintain the cleanliness of the bathroom, etc. The purpose of this activity is to implement and disseminate solutions to environmental problems that exist in the school. The solutions used in this activity include: (1) dissemination of how to sort and process waste, (2) planting plants on vacant land, (3) making vertical gardens, (4) applying Hand Washing with Soap (CTPS) by providing equipment in the form of soap and wipes, (5) giving slogan invitations to dispose of garbage in its place, save water, and wash hands with soap. After the activity is carried out, then analysis and evaluation are carried out so that it can be concluded that environmental problems if handled appropriately will produce a work and innovation that is solutive for the community. Key words: socialization, environment, problems, vertical garden, hand washing.
Estimación del potencial de producción de bioetanol para los residuos de la corteza del cacao en Ecuador
Authors: Sigüencia Avila Jorge Marcelo , Delgado Noboa Jorge Washington , Posso Rivera Fausto René , Sánchez Quezada Johanna Patricia 
Published: August 2020

En el presente estudio se estima el potencial de producción de bioetanol en Ecuador, teóricamente obtenible a partir del aprovechamiento de residuos de cacao; para esto, se formuló un modelo matemático de la hidrólisis ácida en la celulosa de la corteza del cacao y su conversión a etanol por fermentación. Metodológicamente, el estudio se apoya en documentación oficial sobre la cantidad de biomasa residual de este cultivo nacional y provincial, y en un modelo cinético adaptado al caso en estudio. Se obtuvo 8,28 Mml de bioetanol, de cuya mezcla con gasolina extra, en una proporción 5:95 v/v, resulta la gasolina Ecopaís E5C. Se estimó una producción de 166 Mml de E5C, correspondiente al 10 % de la producción nacional para el año 2017 y 56 % de la producción para el año 2014, año en el que se estimó la biomasa residual de cacao. Asimismo, la región Costa aporta el 71 % de la producción nacional de bioetanol y de E5C, liderado por la provincia de Guayas, en la cual la gasolina E5 representa el 25 % de su consumo en 2017. Se concluye que esta ruta de producción de bioetanol es una opción atractiva de diversificación respecto al cultivo de la caña de azúcar, y agrega valor a una biomasa residual desechada actualmente. Los resultados teóricos constituyen la base para estudios más detallados en provincias que combinan un alto potencial de residuos del cacao y un consumo creciente de E5C, pero deben complementarse con investigaciones de corte experimental para corroborar su validez y aportar elementos que determinen la viabilidad de la ruta de producción de bioetanol estudiada.
How the Integration of Telehealth and Coordinated Care Approaches Impact Health Care Service Organization Structure and Ethos: Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Davidson Rosemary , Barrett David Ian , Rixon Lorna , Newman Stanton ,   ACT Program
Published: August 2020

Background
Coordinated care and telehealth services have the potential to deliver quality care to chronically ill patients. They can both reduce the economic burden of chronic care and maximize the delivery of clinical services. Such services require new behaviors, routines, and ways of working to improve health outcomes, administrative efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and user (patient and health professional) experience.

Objective
The aim of this study was to assess how health care organization setup influences the perceptions and experience of service managers and frontline staff during the development and deployment of integrated care with and without telehealth.

Methods
As part of a multinational project exploring the use of coordinated care and telehealth, questionnaires were sent to service managers and frontline practitioners. These questionnaires gathered quantitative and qualitative data related to organizational issues in the implementation of coordinated care and telehealth. Three analytical stages were followed: (1) preliminary analysis for a direct comparison of the responses of service managers and frontline staff to a range of organizational issues, (2) secondary analysis to establish statistically significant relationships between baseline and follow-up questionnaires, and (3) thematic analysis of free-text responses of service managers and frontline staff.

Results
Both frontline practitioners and managers highlighted that training, tailored to the needs of different professional groups and staff grades, was a crucial element in the successful implementation of new services. Frontline staff were markedly less positive than managers in their views regarding the responsiveness of their organization and the pace of change.

Conclusions
The data provide evidence that the setup of health care services is positively associated with outcomes in several areas, particularly tailored staff training, rewards for good service, staff satisfaction, and patient involvement.
Особенности оптимизации хирургического лечения воронкообразной деформации грудной клетки с использованием торакометрии
Authors: Vitkovskyi A.M. , Fishchenko Ya.V. , Kravchuk L.D. 
Published: August 2020

Актуальность. Воронкообразная деформация грудной клетки является наиболее частой из всех врожденных аномалий грудной клетки. Степень и характер деформации грудной клетки у детей и взрослых определяется с помощью метода торакометрии, который дает представление о глубине деформации и ширине грудной клетки, ее косых размерах, торакальном индексе, а также позволяет проследить эти показатели в динамике. Цель исследования: провести анализ результатов хирургического лечения воронкообразной деформации грудной клетки по методике Nuss и определить пути оптимизации лечения с помощью торакометрии. Материалы и методы. В исследовании представлены результаты обследования и лечения 85 больных с воронкообразной деформацией грудной клетки, среди которых 58 пациентам выполнена операция по методике Nuss (в 2017–2019 гг.), 27 пациентам — изъятие фиксаторов из грудины (оперированных по методике Nuss в 2016 г.). Результаты. Среди 27 больных, которым была проведена коррекция воронкообразной деформации по методике Nuss в 2016 году, у 24 (89,9 %) больных результат был положительным: разница при вдохе и выдохе по сагиттальным и косым размерам грудной клетки не превышала 1 см и отвечала физиологической норме. Индекс J. Gizicka в послеоперационном периоде отмечался в пределах 0,82–1,0, что свидетельствует о хорошей коррекции формы грудной клетки. У 3 (11,1 %) пациентов наблюдался отрицательный результат: у 2 пациентов произошел рецидив воронкообразной деформации, что требовало проведения повторного оперативного вмешательства, у 1 больного наблюдалось образование килевидной деформации. Среди 58 больных, оперированных первично в 2017–2019 годах, у 55 (94,8 %) получен хороший результат и у 3 (5,2 %) пациентов — неудовлетворительный результат, который проявлялся в провороте фиксатора. Выводы. Проведение торакометричного исследования у больных с воронкообразной деформацией позволяет оценить результаты хирургического лечения в разные сроки после операции, определить степень потери коррекции деформации по сравнению с состоянием сразу после операции.
Влияние общей анестезии на систему гемостаза у пациентов с морбидным ожирением
Authors: Sukhonos R.Ye. 
Published: August 2020

Актуальность. Пациенты с морбидным ожирением перед хирургическим лечением путем бариатрической хирургии должны пройти эзофагогастродуоденоскопию (ЭГДС), которая в основном выполняется с внутривенной седацией. Цель этого исследования — показать изменения данных низкочастотной пьезотромбоэластографии (НПТЭГ) от исходного уровня при поступлении до определенного уровня после ЭГДС. Материалы и методы. В исследовании участвовали пациенты в возрасте 25–45 лет с индексом массы тела ≥ 35 кг/м2, которым предстояло пройти лапароскопическую бариатрическую операцию (n = 58). Все пациенты не получали антитромботическую/антикоагулянтную терапию, не имели клинических признаков тромбоза ни в одном из сосудистых отсеков и должны были пройти предоперационную ЭГДС с седацией путем внутривенного введения пропофола 1%. Данные НПТЭГ собирали при поступлении и через 5 ± 3 мин после ЭГДС. Изменения гемодинамических параметров были в интервале 15,0 ± 3,2 %; целевые достигнутые уровни седации были 6c–7d по модифицированной шкале седации Рамси (MRSS). Результаты. Константами свертывания крови, проверенными НПТЭГ, были: интенсивность контактной коагуляции (ИКК), интенсивность стимуляции коагуляции (ИКД), максимальная плотность сгустка (MA) и фибринолитическая активность — индекс ретракции и лизиса сгустка (ИРЛС). При поступлении мы получили небольшое увеличение всех показателей в этой группе пациентов: ИКК — на 23, 57 %, ИКД — на 32,68 %, MA — на 74,52 %, ИРЛС — на 91,18 % выше нормы. Три пациента были исключены из-за необходимости искусственной вентиляции легких. После ЭГДС мы получили значительное увеличение всех показателей: ИКК — на 15,14 %, ИКД — на 36,35 %, MA — на 24,41 %, ИРЛС — на 27,61 % выше исходного уровня. Выводы. ЭГДС с седацией путем внутривенного введения пропофола 1% у больных с морбидным ожирением вызывает значительные изменения в данных НПТЭГ в сторону гиперкоагуляции. Дальнейшие исследования должны быть выполнены, чтобы установить этиологию этого процесса (изменения в гемодинамике и т.д.), создать алгоритм для данной процедуры в этой группе пациентов.