bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Penetration Process of a Hydrated Deep Eutectic Solvent Through the Stratum Corneum and its Application as a Protein Penetration Enhancer
Authors: Sakuragi Mina , Maeda Emika , Kusakabe Katsuki 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe penetration mechanism of choline chloride‐glycerol deep eutectic solvent (DES) through the stratum corneum (SC) as a potential solvent for a novel enhancer of protein penetration into the skin was investigated in a wide and small angle X‐ray diffraction study. We found that DES penetrated through intercellular lipids but not the corneocytes. DES seemed to extract a portion of lipids of the short lamellae in the SC. Hydrated DES with a DES to water weight ratio of 9 to 1 (9DES‐1H2O) showed the strongest interaction with the lipids in the SC compared with water, DES, and hydrated DESs with another weight ratio of DES to water (DES : water=8 : 2). In a skin penetration test with a fluorescently labelled lysozyme, 9DES‐1H2O increased the amount of penetration through the SC by two‐fold compared with HEPES buffer.
Curriculum Reform in The Common Core Era: Evaluating Elementary Math Textbooks Across Six U.S. States
Authors: Blazar David , Heller Blake , Kane Thomas J. , Polikoff Morgan , Staiger Douglas O. , Carrell Scott , Goldhaber Dan , Harris Douglas N. , Hitch Rachel , Holden Kristian L. , Kurlaender Michal 
Published: September 2020

AbstractCan a school or district improve student achievement simply by switching to a higher‐quality textbook or curriculum? We conducted the first multi‐textbook, multi‐state effort to estimate textbook efficacy following widespread adoption of the Common Core State Standards (CCSS) and associated changes in the textbook market. Pooling textbook adoption and student test score data across six geographically and demographically diverse U.S. states, we found little evidence of differences in average achievement gains for schools using different math textbooks. We found some evidence of greater variation in achievement gains among schools using pre‐CCSS editions, which may have been more varied in their content than post‐CCSS editions because they were written for a broader set of standards. We also found greater variation among schools that had more exposure to a given text. However, these differences were small. Despite considerable interest and attention to textbooks as a low‐cost, “silver bullet” intervention for improving student outcomes, we conclude that the adoption of a new textbook or set of curriculum materials, on its own, is unlikely to achieve this goal.
Quantification by LC–MS/MS of astragaloside IV and isoflavones in Astragali radix can be more accurate by using standard addition
Authors: Kafle Bijay , Baak Jan , Brede Cato 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIntroductionAstragali radix (AR), the root of Astragalus, is an important medical herb widely used in traditional Chinese medicine. Bioactive components include isoflavones and a unique class of triterpenoid saponins (named astragalosides).ObjectivesAccurate measurement of bioactive components, especially astragaloside IV, is necessary for confirming AR authenticity, quality control and future medical research.MethodologyLiquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) is a suitable technique but suffers from ion suppression effects due to sample matrix. This can be corrected by using isotopic labelled internal standards, but these are not available for many phytochemicals. We explored the use of standard addition to circumvent this issue.ResultsLC–MS/MS and liquid chromatography coupled with ultraviolet (LC‐UV) detection provided linear calibration curves (R2 > 0.99). LC–MS/MS provided superior selectivity and detection limits below 10 ng/mL, which was 2–3 magnitudes lower than LC‐UV detection. Precision and accuracy were overall improved by using LC–MS/MS with diluted sample extracts, resulting in an inter series coefficient of variation (CV) of 12% or less and mean recovery estimates in the 85–115% range. LC–MS/MS quantification by standard addition resulted in significantly higher concentrations of astragaloside IV measured in the samples. Concentrations calculated by standard addition were unaffected by large variation in signal response caused by matrix effects, independent of variation in slope of the standard addition curves.ConclusionSample dilution was helpful but not sufficient for reducing effects of ion suppression. We have shown that LC–MS/MS quantification by standard addition can be a powerful approach for accurate measurement of phytochemicals in the absence of isotopic labelled internal standards.
Using Deep Learning to Extrapolate Protein Expression Measurements
Authors: Barzine Mitra Parissa , Freivalds Karlis , Wright James C. , Opmanis Mārtiņš , Rituma Darta , Ghavidel Fatemeh Zamanzad , Jarnuczak Andrew F. , Celms Edgars , Čerāns Kārlis , Jonassen Inge , Lace Lelde , Vizcaíno Juan Antonio , Choudhary Jyoti Sharma , Brazma Alvis , Viksna Juris 
Published: September 2020

Mass spectrometry (MS)‐based quantitative proteomics experiments typically assay a subset of up to 60% of the ≈20 000 human protein coding genes. Computational methods for imputing the missing values using RNA expression data usually allow only for imputations of proteins measured in at least some of the samples. In silico methods for comprehensively estimating abundances across all proteins are still missing.Here, a novel method is proposed using deep learning to extrapolate the observed protein expression values in label‐free MS experiments to all proteins, leveraging gene functional annotations and RNA measurements as key predictive attributes. This method is tested on four datasets, including human cell lines and human and mouse tissues. This method predicts the protein expression values with average scores between 0.46 and 0.54, which is significantly better than predictions based on correlations using the RNA expression data alone. Moreover, it is demonstrated that the derived models can be “transferred” across experiments and species. For instance, the model derived from human tissues gave a when applied to mouse tissue data. It is concluded that protein abundances generated in label‐free MS experiments can be computationally predicted using functional annotated attributes and can be used to highlight aberrant protein abundance values.
Comparison between Two Methods to Evaluate Function in Postoperative Breast Cancer Survivors
Authors: Back Bruna Baungarten Hugen , Zomkowski Kamilla , de Souza Cunha Natália , Santos Gilmar Moraes , Sacomori Cinara , Sperandio Fabiana Flores 
Published: September 2020

IntroductionTreatment for breast cancer can cause adverse effects such as pain and reduced upper limb function which can affect activities of daily living. The Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaire is the most used tool for evaluating function in breast cancer survivors. However, some specific aspects have raised discussions about its restricted coverage, which can generate several biases.ObjectiveTo determine if DASH scores differed when assessed before and after task‐oriented training (TOT) at 3 and 6 months after breast cancer surgery.DesignProspective cohort study.SettingInstitutional study of 22 women assessed at 3 and 6 months after breast cancer surgery.Main Outcome MeasuresThe DASH questionnaire and TOT assessment. Two correlation tests were performed: Spearman's correlation between the total score of the two DASH scores (pre‐ and post‐TOT) and the Kendall's tau correlation between each of the items.ResultsThere was a moderate and excellent correlation between final DASH scores, pre‐ and post‐TOT, at both 3 and 6 months postoperatively. However, when assessed individually, most of the DASH items were poorly correlated. There was also no agreement between the total DASH scores pre‐ and post‐TOT as assessed by Bland‐Altman plots.ConclusionBoth the DASH and TOT are considered useful in clinical practice to assess upper limb function, although the use of TOT in some of the DASH items may reduce memory bias and improve skills estimation.
Greater length of stay and hospital charges for severe asthma in children with depression or anxiety
Authors: Munoz Fernando A. , Benton Lauren D. , Kops Samantha A. , Kowalek Katie A. , Seckeler Michael D. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractRationaleAsthma is one of the most common chronic disorders of childhood and is associated with significant healthcare utilization and costs. Comorbid psychiatric illnesses, specifically depression and anxiety, are more prevalent in patients with asthma and associated with worse asthma control, more emergency department visits, and increased hospitalization rates.ObjectivesWe aimed to compare hospital outcomes and charges for children with severe asthma with and without comorbid depression and anxiety, hypothesizing that those with depression and anxiety would have longer hospitalizations and higher charges.MethodsRetrospective review of the 2000–2012 Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project's Kids' Inpatient Databases for admissions of patients aged 10–21 years with an ICD‐9 code severe asthma (status asthmaticus or any asthma diagnosis with a procedure code for endotracheal intubation). Depression and Anxiety subgroups were created based on ICD‐9 codes. Data collected included demographics, hospital outcomes and charges and comparisons made between groups.ResultsThere were 52,485 admissions for severe asthma: 45,094 (86%) with No Comorbid Psychiatric Illnesses, 1284 (2.4%) with depression, and 1297 (2.5%) with anxiety. Patients with depression or anxiety were older, had longer hospitalizations, and higher hospital charges (p < .001 for all).ConclusionsComorbid depression or anxiety is associated with significantly longer hospitalizations and higher charges for children with severe asthma. These findings add to prior reports of worse outcomes for children with asthma and comorbid depression or anxiety and suggest that improved screening for and management of these conditions in children with asthma could improve hospital outcomes and reduce costs.
Archaeal roots of intramembrane aspartyl protease siblings signal peptide peptidase and presenilin
Authors: Raut Priyam , Glass Jennifer B. , Lieberman Raquel L. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSignal peptides help newly synthesized proteins reach the cell membrane or be secreted. As part of a biological process key to immune response and surveillance in humans, and associated with diseases, for example, Alzheimer, remnant signal peptides and other transmembrane segments are proteolyzed by the intramembrane aspartyl protease (IAP) enzyme family. Here, we identified IAP orthologs throughout the tree of life. In addition to eukaryotes, IAPs are encoded in metabolically diverse archaea from a wide range of environments. We found three distinct clades of archaeal IAPs: (a) Euryarchaeota (eg, halophilic Halobacteriales, methanogenic Methanosarcinales and Methanomicrobiales, marine Poseidoniales, acidophilic Thermoplasmatales, hyperthermophilic Archaeoglobus spp.), (b) DPANN, and (c) Bathyarchaeota, Crenarchaeota, and Asgard. IAPs were also present in bacterial genomes from uncultivated members of Candidate Phylum Radiation, perhaps due to horizontal gene transfer from DPANN archaeal lineages. Sequence analysis of the catalytic motif YD…GXGD (where X is any amino acid) in IAPs from archaea and bacteria reveals WD in Lokiarchaeota and many residue types in the X position. Gene neighborhood analysis in halophilic archaea shows IAP genes near corrinoid transporters (btuCDF genes). In marine Euryarchaeota, a putative BtuF‐like domain is found in N‐terminus of the IAP gene, suggesting a role for these IAPs in metal ion cofactor or other nutrient scavenging. Interestingly, eukaryotic IAP family members appear to have evolved either from Euryarchaeota or from Asgard archaea. Taken together, our phylogenetic and bioinformatics analysis should prompt experiments to probe the biological roles of IAPs in prokaryotic secretomes.
Chimarrão consumption and prognostic factors in breast cancer: Correlation with antioxidants and blood caffeine levels
Authors: Calixto Maria Rachel Pedrazzoli , Rech Daniel , dos Santos Vanessa L. , Madeira Tiago Bervelieri , Nixdorf Suzana Lucy , Fagundes Tatiane Renata , Davis Rachel Ann Hauser , Bastos Frederico Freire , Bastos‐Neto Jayme da Cunha , Bastos Vera Lucia Freire da Cunha , Zanandrea Ana Carolina , de Lima Josivan Ribeiro , Victorino Vanessa Jacob , Panis Carolina 
Published: September 2020

Breast cancer is the second most common malignancy among women. Ilex paraguariensis A. St. Hil, known as yerba mate, is widely consumed in southern Brazil as a hot infusion drink known as chimarrão. This herb has a complex chemical composition and is rich in antioxidants, which may interfere in the course of chronic inflammatory diseases as breast cancer. This study investigated the impact of chimarrão consumption on the clinicopathological profile of women with breast cancer attended at Francisco Beltrão Cancer Hospital, Paraná, Brazil. Blood antioxidants and caffeine profiles were assessed. Decreases in reduced glutathione and metallothionein levels, and increase in catalase activity were observed among breast cancer patients that were chimarrão consumers. The levels of circulating caffeine in breast cancer patients with luminal A tumors were higher than those in patients with luminal B and HER‐2 subtypes. Furthermore, overweight patients presented higher caffeine levels than the eutrophic ones. It was found positive associations between chimarrão intake and high body mass index, and chimarrão intake and menopause at diagnosis. Altogether, these findings suggest that chimarrão consumption affects the blood antioxidants of breast cancer patients, and that the caffeine present in this mixture may favor the development of tumor of good prognosis.Highlights
Chimarrão consumption may affect the course of chronic inflammatory diseases, as breast cancer.
Chimarrão intake changed blood antioxidants in breast cancer patients who were current consumers when compared to the non‐consumers ones.
High levels of caffeine were detected in patients bearing luminal A tumors, suggesting a protective role.
Event‐triggered dynamic output feedback control for networked nonlinear systems
Authors: Liu Xinxin , Su Xiaojie , Shi Peng 
Published: September 2020

SummaryIn this article, the problem of event‐triggered dynamic output feedback control is investigated for a class of networked nonlinear systems with mixed delays and packet dropouts. By applying the cone complementary linearization technique, sufficient conditions are developed such that the resulting closed‐loop system dynamics is mean square asymptotically stable with a desired performance level. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated via an illustrative example.
Lost in Translation? Challenges in Connecting Reading Science and Educational Practice
Authors: Seidenberg Mark S. , Cooper Borkenhagen Matt , Kearns Devin M. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractCan the science of reading contribute to improving educational practices, allowing more students to become skilled readers? Much has been learned about the behavioral and brain bases of reading, how students learn to read, and factors that contribute to low literacy. The potential to use research findings to improve literacy outcomes is substantial but remains largely unrealized. The lack of improvement in literacy levels, especially among students who face other challenges such as poverty, has led to new pressure to incorporate the science of reading in curricula, instructional practices, and teacher education. In the interest of promoting these efforts, the authors discuss three issues that could undermine them: the need for additional translational research linking reading science to classroom activities, the oversimplified way that the science is sometimes represented in the educational context, and the fact that theories of reading have become more complex and less intuitive as the field has progressed. Addressing these concerns may allow reading science to be used more effectively and achieve greater acceptance among educators.
Translational Science: A Road Map for the Science of Reading
Authors: Solari Emily J. , Terry Nicole Patton , Gaab Nadine , Hogan Tiffany P. , Nelson Nancy J. , Pentimonti Jill M. , Petscher Yaacov , Sayko Sarah 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACTDespite scientific advances that have informed our understanding of reading acquisition and development, a profound gap exists between empirical findings and the implementation of evidence‐based practices in the assessment and instruction of reading in school settings. The debate regarding the practical implications of the science of reading (SOR) and its implementation in authentic school settings is palpable. As researchers, practitioners, policymakers, parents, and other educational stakeholders engage in this latest version of the debate on how best to teach young learners to read, a familiar, almost cyclical, narrative has emerged. As an interdisciplinary group of researchers who study diverse facets of reading development, assessment, and instruction, it is troubling how little the current and past debates have focused on processes that could ensure that the instructional experience students receive in classrooms is informed by existing science. Specifically, the authors contend that the persistent gap between the SOR and its school‐based implementation exists because the field has yet to invest in the appropriate methodologies and processes to develop an effective model of translational science. The authors argue not only that much can be learned from previous iterations of this debate but also that advances in translational science provide a framework for how to address the SOR debate differently and more productively in the current climate. Thus, the authors propose a road map for translational science for the SOR, acknowledging the breadth of work done in translational science in other fields and recognizing and describing the added complexities in the emerging field of translational science in educational settings.
Facile Synthesis and Characterization of Cu3(MoO4)2(OH)2 Nanorods for High Performance Supercapacitor Electrode Application
Authors: Harichandran Gurusamy , Radha Sivasubramanian , Yesuraj Johnbosco , Muthuraaman Bhagavathiachari 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn the present study, Cu3(MoO4)2(OH)2 electrode materials were prepared by CTAB assisted hydrothermal method. Thermal, crystalline and bonding properties of freshly prepared samples were confirmed by thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), x‐ray diffraction analysis (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Raman analyses. The surface morphological features of Cu3(MoO4)2(OH)2 electrode materials were observed via Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. The concentration of cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) template has much influenced in nanomaterial formation and the high concentration (3 mM) of CTAB provides nanorod structures. The electrochemical analysis of Cu3(MoO4)2(OH)2 electrodes were demonstrated via cyclic voltammetry (CV), chronopotentiometry (CP) and cyclic stability analyses. The electrochemical investigations of Cu3(MoO4)2(OH)2 electrode provide remarkable specific capacitance of 532 F g−1 at a scan rate of 5 mV s−1 and good cyclic stability of 98 % retention even after 5000 cycles at a scan rate of 20 mV s−1 with good rate capability. These outcomes prompted to assign a probable application for the synthesized Cu3( MoO4)2(OH)2 to utilize as a capable electrode material for supercapacitor applications.
Contribution of Polylactic Acid and Pd Nanoparticles in the Enhanced Photothermal Effect of Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Neelgund Gururaj M. , Oki Aderemi 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been successfully modified to absorb in near‐infrared (NIR) region by synergetic functionalization with an important biopolymer, polylactic acid (PLA) and subsequent in‐situ deposition of Pd nanoparticles. This process has also extended the absorption ability of Pd nanoparticles towards NIR region apart from its classical absorption in UV and visible regions. Thus fabricated CNTs‐PLA‐Pd demonstrated excellent photothermal effect under exposure to 980 nm laser and significant stability against photo‐bleaching and corrosiveness. A stepwise increment in the photothermal effect of CNTs was attained by covalent grafting of PLA and successive deposition of Pd nanoparticles. The photothermal effect of CNTs‐PLA‐Pd was proportional to its concentration level and photothermal conversion efficiency calculated for CNTs‐PLA‐Pd was 26.5 %. The photothermal effect of CNTs‐PLA‐Pd under illumination to 980 nm laser was higher than that of 808 nm laser. The temperature attained during photothermal effect for CNTs‐PLA‐Pd was beyond 60 °C, which far exceeds the temperature survival level of cancer cells. Overall, the rational integration of CNTs, PLA and Pd nanoparticles in CNTs‐PLA‐Pd by reported strategy could offer a suitable avenue for advancement of cancer therapy.
Language evolution and healthiness for critical cyber‐physical systems
Authors: Banach Richard , Zhu Huibiao 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn the effort to develop critical cyber‐physical systems, it is tempting to extend existing computing formalisms to include continuous behaviour. This may happen in a way that neglects elements necessary for correctly expressing continuous properties of the mathematics and correct physical properties of the real‐world physical system. A simple language is taken to illustrate these possibilities. Issues and risks latent in this kind of approach are identified and discussed under the umbrella of ‘healthiness conditions’. Modifications to the language in the light of the conditions discussed are elaborated, resulting in the language Combined Discrete and Physical Programmes in Parallel (CDPPP). An example air conditioning system is used to illustrate the concepts presented, and it is developed both in the original ‘unhealthy’ language and in the modified ‘healthier’ CDPPP. The formal semantics of the improved language is explored.