bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A rare case report of locally recurrent hemorrhagic duodenal gastrointestinal stromal tumor: therapeutic challenges and review of prognostic indicators for recurrence
Authors: Mahmoud Schauki , Salman Hosam , Salami Maissam 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Gastrointestinal stromal tumor is a rare neoplasm affecting gastrointestinal tract. Duodenal gastrointestinal stromal tumor originating from the fourth segment is considered an extremely rare disease. Surgical challenges arise when managing locally recurrent hemorrhagic duodenal gastrointestinal stromal tumor. A 58-year-old male presented with melena for the last 10 days. Thirty months previously, he had segmental resection of the fourth duodenal portion due to hemorrhagic gastrointestinal stromal tumor. No adjuvant imatinib therapy was administered (low risk for recurrence). The latest investigations showed actively bleeding tumor in the distal third portion of the duodenum, indicating a locally recurrent gastrointestinal stromal tumor. Uneventful emergent limited resection was performed. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report describing locally recurrent gastrointestinal stromal tumor in the distal duodenal portion. We will explain the therapeutic challenges and risk stratification and discuss gastrointestinal bleeding as a prognostic indicator for gastrointestinal stromal tumor recurrence.
Revisiting cytomegalovirus serostatus and replication as risk factors for inferior long-term outcomes in the current era of renal transplantation
Authors: Bischof Nicole , Wehmeier Caroline , Dickenmann Michael , Hirt-Minkowski Patricia , Amico Patrizia , Steiger Jürg , Naegele Klaudia , Hirsch Hans H , Schaub Stefan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundCytomegalovirus (CMV) serostatus and CMV replication are considered as risk factors for inferior graft and patient survival after renal transplantation, but long-term outcome data are limited. The aim of this retrospective single-centre study was to investigate the impact of CMV serostatus and CMV replication/disease on long-term outcomes in a well-defined cohort managed by a standardized CMV prevention/treatment protocol.MethodsWe investigated 599 consecutive kidney transplantations having a CMV prevention protocol consisting of either prophylaxis (D+/R− and R+ with ATG induction) or screening/deferred therapy (R+ without ATG induction). Patients were grouped according to CMV serostatus [high risk (D+/R−): n = 122; intermediate risk (R+): n = 306; low risk (D−/R−): n = 171] and occurrence of CMV replication/disease (no CMV replication: n = 419; asymptomatic CMV replication: n = 110; CMV syndrome: n = 39; tissue-invasive CMV disease: n = 31). The median follow-up time was 6.5 years.ResultsGraft and patient survival were not different among the three CMV serostatus groups as well as the four CMV replication/disease groups (P ≥ 0.44). Eighty-seven patients died, 17 due to infections (21%), but none was attributable to CMV. The overall hospitalization incidence for CMV-related infection was 3% (17/599 patients). The incidence of clinical and (sub)clinical rejection was similar among the groups (P ≥ 0.17). In a multivariate Cox proportional hazard model, neither CMV serostatus, nor CMV replication, nor CMV disease were independent predictors for patient death or graft failure, respectively.ConclusionsThis retrospective single-centre study suggests that the negative impact of CMV infection on long-term patient and allograft survival as well as on allograft rejection can be largely eliminated with current diagnostic/therapeutic management.
Presumed Mexican Until Proven Otherwise: Identity Work and Intersectional Typicality among Middle-Class Dominican and Mexican Immigrants
Authors: Browne Irene , Tatum Katharine , Gonzalez Belisa 
Published: November 2019

AbstractNon-Latino natives often conflate “Latino” with “Mexican,” treating Mexican as a stigmatized group. Latinos often engage in “identity work” to neutralize this stigmatized identity. We link these micro processes of identity work with macro structures of stratification through “intersectional typicality.” We argue that the selection of which positive traits immigrants highlight to avoid stigma is systematic and tied to intersecting dimensions of race and class stratification at the macro level. We argue that this process is context-specific. We use the case of middle-class Dominicans and Mexicans living in Atlanta. Our findings show that both groups perceive that the pervasive image of the typical Latino in Atlanta is that of a working-class Mexican. While both groups perceive this image to be low-status, they diverge in their strategies for countering this presumption. Mexicans emphasize their middle-class status and often try to change the typical image of Latinos. Dominicans emphasize that they are not Mexican and highlight their atypicality. Interview data show that Dominicans are concerned about the Mexican label because of embedded working-class assumptions. We argue that although many respondents successfully avoid negative stereotyping, their identity work actually reaffirms the low-status meaning of the typical Latino category.
Absence, Ambiguity, and Deviating Pleasure Activism: The Tokyo Rainbow Film Festival
Authors: QIN Qin 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Whereas several Japanese popular magazines have published reports and interviews on LGBT film festival curators, little scholarship has shed light on Japanese LGBT film festivals. This article serves as a case study of how the festival enables the festival community—cinephiles, LGBT audiences, organized groups of activists, and indie filmmakers—to share ideas and coordinate within and outside the metropolis. I conduct a synchronic and diachronic study to sketch the historical trajectory of the festivalgoers, material spaces, festival formation, curation, and programming. In utilizing a methodological framework which includes geopolitics, gender, film, and organizational studies, this article proposes an approach that juxtaposes the classic concept of ‘counterpublics’ with the theoretical reading of affective politics and pleasure activism. The findings suggest that the Tokyo Rainbow Reel Film Festival functions as a site of discursive political stances and affective disposition. The ambiguity of the film festival space correlates closely with two factors: Japanese homophobia, or ‘the absence of LGBT’, and an unorthodox pleasure activism that does not include suffering and oppression.
Why the book “More than Medicine: the Broken Promise of American Health” is important to the future of behavioral medicine, health psychology, and public health
Authors: Wilson Dawn K 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In his book, “More than Medicine: The Broken Promise of American Health,” Robert Kaplan brings together extensive data to make the case that healthcare priorities in the USA need to place greater emphasis on behavioral, social and environmental determinants of health. Kaplan argues that the effect sizes for health outcomes resulting from environmental exposures, stress, and socioeconomic status are all much larger than are many traditional biological risk factors. There are discrepancies between estimates of how much the National Institutes of Health spends on behavioral and social sciences research, but an independent evaluation suggests it is &lt;5% of the entire budget. Addressing this neglect requires advocacy and bringing together of like-minded organizations to promote more funding for behavioral interventions, health promotion and public health policies to address important contextual factors such as poverty, lack of education, and poor environmental conditions. Importantly, Kaplan argues that several metrics to integrate life expectancy and quality of life have been proposed and allow healthcare providers to prioritize the value of health over the volume of healthcare delivered. Although standards exist, there are still a limited number of studies on the cost-effectiveness and cost-utility of behavioral and public health interventions.
Fas‐apoptotic inhibitory molecule 2 localizes to the lysosome and facilitates autophagosome‐lysosome fusion through the LC3 interaction region motif–dependent interaction with LC3
Authors: Hong Caroline Jeeyeon , Yeon Jihye , Yeo Bo Kyoung , Woo Hanwoong , An Hyun‐Kyu , Heo Woojung , Kim Kyuhyung , Yu Seong‐Woon 
Published: November 2019

AbstractFas‐apoptotic inhibitory molecule 2 (FAIM2) is a member of the transmembrane BAX inhibitor motif–containing (TMBIM) family. TMBIM family is comprised of six anti‐apoptotic proteins that suppress cell death by regulating endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ homeostasis. Recent studies have implicated two TMBIM proteins, GRINA and BAX Inhibitor‐1, in mediating cytoprotection via autophagy. However, whether FAIM2 plays a role in autophagy has been unknown. Here we show that FAIM2 localizes to the lysosomes at basal state and facilitates autophagy through interaction with microtubule‐associated protein 1 light chain 3 proteins in human neuroblastoma SH‐SY5Y cells. FAIM2 overexpression increased autophagy flux, while autophagy flux was impaired in shRNA‐mediated knockdown (shFAIM2) cells, and the impairment was more evident in the presence of rapamycin. In shFAIM2 cells, autophagosome maturation through fusion with lysosomes was impaired, leading to accumulation of autophagosomes. A functional LC3‐interacting region motif within FAIM2 was essential for the interaction with LC3 and rescue of autophagy flux in shFAIM2 cells while LC3‐binding property of FAIM2 was dispensable for the anti‐apoptotic function in response to Fas receptor‐mediated apoptosis. Suppression of autophagosome maturation was also observed in a null mutant of Caenorhabditis elegans lacking xbx‐6, the ortholog of FAIM2. Our study suggests that FAIM2 is a novel regulator of autophagy mediating autophagosome maturation through the interaction with LC3.
Transdiagnostic expression of interoceptive abnormalities in psychiatric conditions
Authors: Critchley Hugo D , Ewing Donna L , van Praag Cassandra Gould , Habash-Bailey Haniah , Eccles Jessica A , Meeten Fran , Garfinkel Sarah N 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTBackgroundInteroception, the sensing of information about the internal physiological state of the body, is proposed to be fundamental to normal and abnormal affective feelings. We undertook a cross-sectional characterisation of cardiac interoception in patients accessing secondary mental health services to understand how interoceptive abnormalities relate to psychiatric symptoms and diagnoses.MethodsPatients attending adult mental health services (205 female, 101 male) and controls (42 female, 21 male) participated. Clinical diagnoses spanned affective disorders, personality disorders and psychoses. Physiological, bio-behavioural and subjective interoceptive measures included: 1) Basal heart rate and heart rate variability (HRV); 2) cardiac afferent effects on emotional processing (cardiac cycle modulation of ratings of fear vs. neutral faces); 3) perceptual accuracy, confidence, and metacognitive insight in heartbeat detection, and; 4) self-reported sensitivity to internal bodily sensations. We tested for transdiagnostic differences between patients and controls, then for correlations between interoceptive measures and affective symptoms, and for group differences across clinical diagnostic categories.ResultsPatients differed from controls in HRV, cardiac afferent effects on emotional processing, heartbeat discrimination accuracy, and heartbeat detection confidence. Anxiety and depression symptom severity correlated particularly with self-reported sensitivity to interoceptive experiences. Significant differences between diagnostic categories were observed for HRV, cardiac afferent effects on emotional processing, and subjective interoception. Patients with schizophrenia relative to other diagnoses intriguingly showed opposite cardiac afferent effects on emotion processing.ConclusionsThis multilevel characterisation identified interoceptive differences associated with psychiatric symptoms and diagnoses. Interoceptive mechanisms have potential value for the clinical stratification and therapeutic targeting of psychiatric disorders.
Extending the genotype inBrachypodiumby including DNA methylation reveals a joint contribution with genetics on adaptive traits
Authors: Eichten SR , Srivastava A , Reddiex A , Ganguly DR , Heussler A , Streich J , Wilson P , Borevitz JO 
Published: November 2019

AbstractEpigenomic changes have been considered a potential missing link underlying phenotypic variation in quantitative traits but is potentially confounded with the underlying DNA sequence variation. Although the concept of epigenetic inheritance has been discussed in depth, there have been few studies attempting to directly dissect the amount of epigenomic variation within inbred natural populations while also accounting for genetic diversity. By using known genetic relationships betweenBrachypodiumlines, multiple sets of nearly identical accession families were selected for phenotypic studies and DNA methylome profiling to investigate the dual role of (epi)genetics under simulated natural seasonal climate conditions. Despite reduced genetic diversity, appreciable phenotypic variation was still observable in the measured traits (height, leaf width and length, tiller count, flowering time, ear count) between as well as within the inbred accessions. However, with reduced genetic diversity there was diminished variation in DNA methylation within families. Mixed-effects linear modelling revealed large genetic differences between families and a minor contribution of epigenomic variation on phenotypic variation in select traits. Taken together, this analysis suggests a limited but significant contribution of DNA methylation towards heritable phenotypic variation relative to genetic differences.
Molecular and cellular dissection of the OSBP cycle through a fluorescent inhibitor
Authors: Péresse Tiphaine , Kovacs David , Subra Mélody , Bigay Joëlle , Tsai Meng-Chen , Polidori Joël , Gautier Romain , Desrat Sandy , Fleuriot Lucile , Debayle Delphine , Litaudon Marc , Pham Van-Cuong , Bignon Jérôme , Antonny Bruno , Roussi Fanny , Mesmin Bruno 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTORPphilins, natural molecules that strongly and selectively inhibit the growth of some cancer cell lines, are proposed to target intracellular lipid-transfer proteins of the Oxysterol-binding protein (OSBP) family. These conserved proteins exchange key lipids, such as cholesterol and phopsphatidylinositol-4-phosphate (PI(4)P), between organelle membranes. Among ORPphilins, molecules of the schweinfurthin family interfere with intracellular lipid distribution and metabolism, but their functioning at the molecular level is poorly understood. We report here that cell line sensitivity to schweinfurthin G (SWG) is inversely proportional to cellular level of OSBP. By taking advantage of the intrinsic fluorescence of SWG, we follow its fate in cell cultures and show that its incorporation at the TGN depends on OSBP cellular abundance. We report that SWG inhibits specifically the lipid exchange cycle of OSBP. As a consequence, post-Golgi trafficking, membrane cholesterol levels and PI(4)P turnover are affected. Finally, we demonstrate the direct binding of SWG into OSBP lipid-binding cavity by intermolecular FRET. Collectively these data describe for the first time a specific and intrinsically fluorescent pharmacological tool to dissect OSBP properties at the cellular and molecular levels.
The engulfment receptor Draper organizes the postsynaptic spectrin cytoskeleton into corrals containing synaptic proteins and promotes synaptic renewal
Authors: Wang Simon , Wang Mannan , Kim Hae-yoon , Yoo Nicole , Raski Matias , Shih Claire , Zheng Clare , Tran Kevin , Parkhouse Wade , Krieger Charles , Harden Nicholas 
Published: November 2019

SummaryThe spectrin cytoskeleton is required for development of the Drosophila neuromuscular junction (NMJ) but its role is unclear. Here we show that the muscle spectrin lattice functions to corral membrane-associated synaptic proteins and limit their lateral mobility. Drosophila adducin, Hts, is required for integrity of the spectrin cytoskeleton and disruption of Hts function results in failure of the corrals. The spectrin cytoskeleton is itself patterned at the muscle membrane by the engulfment receptor Draper (Drpr) through regulation of Hts. We find patches of membrane where the spectrin cytoskeleton is organized into bilaterally symmetric patterns, which coincide with a field of Drpr-dependent structures similar to phagocytic pseudopods. The bilaterally symmetric patterns are likely created by folds of the muscle membrane in the pseudopods. We present evidence that the folds trap nascent boutons of motor neurons, leading to boutons with a bilaterally symmetric organization of the postsynaptic membrane. Drpr thus acts as a sensor of synaptic damage that promotes synaptogenesis.
Programmed transport and release of nanoscale cargo by immune cells
Authors: Meyer Daniel , Telele Saba , Zelená Anna , Neubert Elsa , Nißler Robert , Mann Florian , Erpenbeck Luise , Köster Sarah , Kruss Sebastian 
Published: November 2019

AbstractTransport and delivery of (nanoscale) materials are crucial for many applications in biomedicine. However, controlled uptake, transport and triggered release of such cargo remains challenging. In this study, we use human immune cells (neutrophilic granulocytes, neutrophils) and program them to perform these tasks in vitro. For this purpose, we let neutrophils phagocytose a nanoscale cargo. As an example, we used DNA-functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) that fluoresce in the near infrared (980 nm) and serve as sensors for small molecules. Cells still migrate, follow chemical gradients and respond to inflammatory signals after uptake of the cargo. To program release, we make use of neutrophil extracellular trap formation (NETosis), a novel cell death mechanism that leads to chromatin swelling and subsequent rupture of the cellular membrane and release of the cell’s whole content. By using the process of NETosis we can program the time point of cargo release via the initial concentration of stimuli such as phorbol 12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS). At intermediate stimulation with LPS (100 μg/ml), cells continue to migrate, follow gradients and surface cues for around 30 minutes and up to several hundred micrometers until they stop and release their cargo. The transported and released SWCNT sensor cargo is still functional as shown by subsequent detection of the neurotransmitter dopamine and reactive oxygen species (H2O2). In summary, we hijack a biological process (NETosis) and demonstrate how neutrophils can be used for programmed transport and delivery of functional nanomaterials.
The contribution of PIP2-type aquaporins to photosynthesis in response to increased vapour pressure deficit
Authors: Israel D. , Khan S. , Warren C.R. , Zwiazek J.J. , Robson T.M. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractRoles of three different plasma membrane aquaporins (PIPs) in leaf-level gas exchange of Arabidopsis thaliana were examined using single, double and triple knockout mutants and compared to the Columbia-0 wild type (WT) plants. Since multiple Arabidopsis PIPs are implicated in conducting carbon dioxide across membranes, we focused on identifying whether the examined isoforms affect photosynthesis, either mediated through the control of stomatal conductance to water vapour (gs) or mesophyll conductance of CO2 (gm) or a combination of both. In two separate studies, we grew Arabidopsis plants in a low humidity environment and under high humidity conditions. We found that the contribution of functional PIPs to gs was larger under conditions of low air humidity when the evaporative demand was high, whereas any effect of lacking PIP function was minimal under higher humidity conditions. The pip2;4 knockout mutants had 44% higher gs than the WT under low humidity conditions, which in turn resulted in an increased photosynthetic rate (Anet). AtPIP2;4 is thus likely to be involved in maintaining a positive water balance and high water use efficiency through mediation of transmembrane water flow. The lack of functional AtPIP2;5 on the other hand did not affect gs, but reduced gm indicating a possible role in regulating CO2 membrane permeability. This potential regulatory function was indeed confirmed by subsequent stopped flow measurements of yeast expressing AtPIP2;5.
Four QTL underlie resistance to a microsporidian parasite that may drive genome evolution in itsDaphniahost
Authors: Keller Devon , Kirk Devin , Luijckx Pepijn 
Published: November 2019

AbstractDespite its pivotal role in evolutionary and ecological processes the genetic architecture underlying host-parasite interactions remains understudied. Here we use a quantitative trait loci approach to identify regions in theDaphnia magnagenome that provide resistance against its microsporidium parasiteOrdospora colligata. The probability thatDaphniabecame infected was affected by a single locus and an interaction between two additional loci. A fourth locus influenced the number of spores that grew within the host. Comparing our findings to previously published genetic work onDaphnia magnarevealed that two of these loci may be the same as detected for another microsporidium parasite, suggesting a general immune response to this group of pathogens. More importantly, this comparison revealed that two regions previously identified to be under selection coincided with parasite resistance loci, highlighting the pivotal role parasites may play in shaping the host genome.
Human ESCRT-III Polymers Assemble on Positively Curved Membranes and Induce Helical Membrane Tube Formation
Authors: Bertin Aurélie , de Franceschi Nicola , de la Mora Eugenio , Maity Sourav , Miguet Nolwen , di Cicco Aurélie , Roos Wouter , Mangenot Stéphanie , Weissenhorn Winfried , Bassereau Patricia 
Published: November 2019

AbstractEndosomal sorting complexes required for transport-III (ESCRT-III) are thought to assemble in vivo inside membrane structures with a negative Gaussian curvature. How membrane shape influences ESCRT-III polymerization and conversely how ESCRT-III polymers shape membranes is still unclear. Here, we used human core ESCRT-III proteins, CHMP4B, CHMP2A, CHMP2B and CHMP3 to address this issue in vitro by combining membrane nanotube pulling experiments, cryo-electron microscopy, cryo-electron tomography and high-speed AFM. We show that CHMP4B filaments bind preferentially to flat membranes or to membrane tubes with a positive mean curvature. Both CHMP2B and CHMP2A/CHMP3 assemble on positively curved membrane tubes, the latter winding around the tubes. Although combinations of CHMP4B/CHMP2B and CHMP4B/CHMP2A/CHMP3 are recruited to the neck of pulled membrane tubes, they also reshape large unilamellar vesicles into helical membrane tubes with a pipe surface shape. Sub-tomogram averaging reveals that the filaments assemble parallel to the tube axis with some local perpendicular connections, highlighting the particular mechanical stresses imposed by ESCRT-III to stabilize the corkscrew-like membrane architecture. Our results thus underline the versatile membrane remodeling activity of ESCRT-III that may be a general feature of ESCRT-III required for all or selected cellular membrane remodeling processes.