bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analisis Kebijakan Pengelolaan Guru di Indonesia
Authors: Widiarto Agus 
Published: July 2020

This policy analysis aims to examine the problems associated with teacher management nationally and formulate some comprehensive teacher management policy recommendations with reference to the achievement of the objectives of teacher management as professional staff. As a professional, the role of the teacher is very important, namely implementing the national education system and realizing national education goals. The function and purpose of education are the development of the potential of students to become human beings who have faith and are devoted to God Almighty, have good character, are healthy, knowledgeable, capable, creative, independent, and become citizens who are democratic and responsible. Thus, the position of the teacher as a professional becomes very strategic as one of the elements in achieving the objectives of the national education system. This policy analysis also examines the design of teacher management in terms of the division of authority between the central and regional governments according to Law No. 23 of 2014 on Regional Government and Law No. 14 of 2005 on Teachers and Lecturers.This study uses a model of policy analysis process that starts from the analysis of the formulation or design of the policy, problems in the implementation, and evaluation of the policy. AbstrakThis policy analysis aims to examine the problems associated with teacher management nationally and formulate some comprehensive teacher management policy recommendations with reference to the achievement of the objectives of teacher management as professional staff. As a professional, the role of the teacher is very important, namely implementing the national education system and realizing national education goals. The function and purpose of education are the development of the potential of students to become human beings who have faith and are devoted to God Almighty, have good character, are healthy, knowledgeable, capable, creative, independent, and become citizens who are democratic and responsible. Thus, the position of the teacher as a professional becomes very strategic as one of the elements in achieving the objectives of the national education system. This policy analysis also examines the design of teacher management in terms of the division of authority between the central and regional governments according to Law No. 23 of 2014 on Regional Government and Law No. 14 of 2005 on Teachers and Lecturers.This study uses a model of policy analysis process that starts from the analysis of the formulation or design of the policy, problems in the implementation, and evaluation of the policy.
Gastrointestinal Parasitic Infestation in HIV Positive and Negative Patients Attending Clinics in a Tertiary Health Care Centre in Benue State, Nigeria.
Authors: Utume L , Ikpom TE , Obaje AE , Omudu EA 
Published: July 2020

Gastrointestinal parasitic infection is usually asymptomatic thus goes unnoticed and untreated for long periods of time, often resulting in other serious health complications. In HIV positive patients, the effects usually are more devastating owing to the fact that such patients are already immunocompromised. For this study, HIV positive patients were raised from the BSUTH STD/ART clinic records while HIV negative patients were recruited from other clinics by confirming their HIV status using Determine test strips to check for HIV antibodies; socio-demographic data was generated from questionnaires administered. Patients already placed on anti-helminths or anti-protozoan medicines were exempted from the study. Stool samples (n=550; 304 males 246 females) were examined for intestinal parasites using the standard parasitological procedures for direct wet mount and Formol-Ether Concentration methods. Gastrointestinal parasites were identified from 199 (36.2%) samples implying positive results for these infections: Giardia lamblia (3.8%), Entamoeba histolytica (8.9%), Ascaris lumbricoides (7.1%), Entamoeba coli (4.2%), Trichuris trichuria (3.3%), Strongyloides stercoralis (2.2%), Taenia sp. (1.8%), Trichomonas hominis (0.5%) and hookworms (2.9%). Out of this 199 only 55 (27.6%) were HIV positive; statistically there was a significant relationship between HIV status and the rate of parasitic infection (P<0.05). Personal hygiene practices, environmental sanitary conditions, overcrowding, limited access to clean potable water and poor drainage systems influenced gastrointestinal parasitic infection in both HIV positive and negative patients, HIV status may have increased intensity of gastrointestinal parasitic infection. The need for preventive awareness campaigns and mass chemoprophylaxis exercises cannot be overemphasized; government and private sector collaborations will have a wider coverage area and make a lot of impact.
DAMPAK ERUPSI GUNUNG SINABUNG TERHADAP PRODUKSI DAN HARGA CABAI MERAH (Capsicum annum L.) (Desa Beganding, Kecamatan Simpang Empat, Kab. Karo)
Authors: Sinaga Nelly , Lubis Effendi , Sinaga Yan Khoriana 
Published: July 2020

This research aims at (1) finding the effects before and after the eruption of Sinabung mountain on production of red chili (Capsicum annumL.) in research area, (2) finding the effects before and after the eruption of Sinabung mountain on price of red chili (Capsicum annumL.), (3) finding the income of red chilli ((Capsicum annumL.) after the eruption of Sinabung mountain in research area. This research was conducted in Beganding village, Simpang Empat Sub-district, Karo regency, province of Sumatera Utara. Research sample was done by using Simple Random Sampling as many as 35 respondents from the total population 167 families. Method of data analysis was by paire sample t-test to find the difference between production and price of red chili(Capsicum annum L.)both before and after the eruption of Sinabung mountain and analysis of red chili farmers’ income. Research findings show that there is a significant effect of red chili production in research area both before and after the eruption of Sinabung mountain. The production of red chili before the eruption of Sinabung mountain is as many as 1.932 kg/farmer > 1.342 kg/farmer (after the eruption of Sinabung mountain) in which the difference is 2.237 kg/farmer. The income of chili farming before and after the eruption of Sinabung mountain was categorized “low” and the comparison indicator is UMK Karo Regency in 2017. It is Rp 2.051.267/month, meanwhile UMK Karo regency is Rp 2.619.234,41.
Keynes’s investment theory as a micro-foundation for his grandchildren
Authors: Nisticò Sergio 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn contrast with the ‘missing micro-foundations’ argument against Keynes’s macroeconomics, the paper argues that it is the present state of microeconomics that needs more solid ‘Keynesian foundations’. It is in particular Keynes’s understanding of investors’ behaviour that can be fruitfully extended to consumption theory, in a context in which consumers are considered as entrepreneurs, buying goods and services to engage in timeconsuming activities. The paper emphasizes that the outcome in terms of enjoyment is particularly uncertain for those innovative and path-breaking activities, which Keynes discussed in his 1930 prophetic essay about us, the grandchildren of his contemporaries. Moreover, the Keynes-inspired microeconomics suggested in the paper provides an explanation of why Keynes’s prophecy about his grandchildren possibly expanding leisure did not materialize yet. The paper finally points at the need for appropriate economic policies supporting consumers’ propensity to enforce innovative forms of time use.
Usefulness of resveratrol supplementation in decreasing cardiometabolic risk factors comparing subjects with metabolic syndrome and healthy subjects with or without obesity: meta-analysis using multinational, randomised, controlled trials
Authors: Sergi Consolato , Chiu Bonnie , Feulefack Joseph , Shen Fan , Chiu Brian 
Published: July 2020

IntroductionResveratrol (RES), a natural polyphenolic compound, has been linked to some beneficial effects against cardiovascular disease (CVD).Material and methodsWe conducted a systematic search to conduct a meta-analysis on cardiometabolic risk factors modulated by RES targeting patients with metabolic syndrome (Met-S) and Obese/Healthy (O/H) subjects. The PICO (Patient, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome) research question was: Does RES among patients with Met-S and O/H subjects reduce the cardiometabolic risk? The first group was affected with MetS, which is defined as a clustering of abdominal obesity, dyslipidaemia, hyperglycaemia, and hypertension in a single individual. The second group was composed of ‘obese/healthy’ individuals, i.e. healthy subjects with or without obesity. We performed a literature search of MEDLINE/ PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar for randomised, controlled trials (RCT) that estimated the effects of RES on cardiometabolic risk factors.ResultsWe found 780 articles, of which 63 original articles and reviews were identified. Data from 17 well-conducted RCT studies, comprising 651 subjects, were extracted for analysis. Overall, RES had a significant influence on Homeostatic Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), resulting in a mean difference of –0.520665 (95% CI: –1.12791; –0.01439; p = 0.00113). In Met-S, RES significantly reduced glucose, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), and total cholesterol (T-Chol) as detected by the mean difference of –1.069 (95% CI: –2.107, –0.032; p = 0.043), –0.924 (95% CI: –1.804, –0.043; p = 0.040), and –1.246 (95% CI: –2.314, –0.178; p = 0.022), respectively.ConclusionsDespite some heterogeneity in the populations, RES supplementation seems to improve cardiometabolic health, decreasing some risk factors (HOMA-IR, LDL-C, and T-Chol) associated with CVD.
The pacing of mixed martial arts sparring bouts: A secondary investigation with new analyses of previous data to support accelerometry as a potential method of monitoring pacing
Authors: Kirk Christopher , Atkins Stephen , Hurst Howard T. 
Published: July 2020

PurposeBody-worn accelerometry has been shown to be reliable and used to measure the external load of mixed martial arts (MMA) via the Playerload metric. These measurements were only reported on a round-by-round basis, offering little indication of minute-by-minute load changes. Understanding these changes may provide a proxy measure of fatigue, readiness,
and the onset of non-functional overreaching. It is also unclear as to what Playerload is measuring in MMA. This study was a secondary investigation of previously reported data to describe minute-by-minute changes in external load in MMA.MethodsSix male MMA competitors participated in a 3 × 5 minute sparring bout wearing a Catapult Minimax × 3, which recorded accumulated Playerload. The bouts were video-recorded. Time-motion analysis was used to determine: total active time; total inactive time; high-intensity time; low-intensity time; standing time; grounded time; striking time; non-striking time.ResultsBayesian repeated measures ANOVA found statistically relevant differences in accumulated Playerload for each minute of sparring (BF<sub>10</sub> = 410) with no statistically relevant differences between winners and losers. Bayesian correlations revealed a direct, nearly perfect relationship between accumulated Playerload and total active time (<i>r</i> = 0.992, BF<sub>10</sub> = 9,666).
No other relationships between Playerload and time-motion analysis results were observed, despite Bayesian t-tests finding differences between standing time and grounded time (BF<sub>10</sub> = 83.7), striking time and non-striking time (BF<sub>10</sub> = 1,419).ConclusionsPlayerload reflects overall active movement in MMA and measures active movement minute-by-minute changes but cannot distinguish between different modes or intensities of movement. This should be investigated further as a potential measure of fatigue and non-functional overreaching during MMA training.
Validity and reliability of the Polish adaptation of the Health-Related Hardiness Scale – the first confirmatory factor analysis results for a commonly used scale
Authors: Dymecka Joanna , Bidzan-Bluma Ilona , Bidzan Monika , Borucka-Kotwica Anna , Atroszko Paweł , Bidzan Mariola 
Published: July 2020

BackgroundThe Health-Related Hardiness Scale (HRHS) developed by Pollock is one of the most widely used measures to assess the construct of hardiness in chronic diseases. However, the original structure of the scale has been investigated only with exploratory factor analysis, and there have been no studies investigating the structure of the scale using a confirmatory approach, so significant doubts about the validity of the scale could be raised.Participants and procedureA total of 450 participants took part in the study, with the majority suffering from chronic diseases. A Polish ver-sion of the HRHS, the Sense of Coherence questionnaire (SOC-29), the Resiliency Assessment Scale (SPP-25), the Liverpool Scale of Sense of Self Efficacy (LSES), and the Acceptance of Illness Scale (AIS) were used. Confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) to assess factor structure of the HRHS and correlational analyses to inves-tigate criterion validity were conducted. Since the original structure did not fit the data adequately, a modified structure of the short version of the scale was investigated and a good fit to the data was obtained.ResultsThe modified version consisted of two subscales of Control (6 items) and Challenge/Commitment (6 items) which had good Cronbach’s α reliability, .75 and .75 respectively, and .83 for the overall score. The HRHS showed expected correlation patterns with criterion variables. Separate sten norm were provided for female and male patients with chronic illnesses.ConclusionsThe Polish version of the HRHS is a useful and valuable tool for assessing levels of health-related psychologi-cal hardiness. The scale can be used for both clinical and research purposes.
Petrus Hofstede de Groot: een hervormd dominocraat?
Authors: van den Broeke Leon 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This article tries to find an answer to the central question whether the Dutch Reformed pastor and professor Petrus Hofstede de Groot (1802-1886) was a dominocrat. Hofstede de Groot was pastor in Ulrum and professor at the university in Groningen. My contribution is an elaboration of the oral book review I held in 2017 at the presentation of Jasper Vree’s book Kerk, huis, school en staat: Leven, werk en vriendenkring van P. Hofstede de Groot (1844-1886). In my article I explain the meaning of ‘dominocrat’ and also ‘Dominocrat’ and explore the synodical acts of the Dutch Reformed Church (Nederlandse Hervormde Kerk) between 1830 (Hofstede de Groot’s first appearance in the general synod as professor) and 1886 (his death), and Hofstede de Groot’s role in synodical meetings. He was indeed a dominocrat. He favored the leadership of the pastors. At the same time, he was a Dominocrat. In his life and in his work, he was focussed on the Dominus, Jesus Christ, for the church (kerk), at home (huis), school and state (staat).
Decadal changes in anthropogenic source contribution of PM2.5 pollution and related health impacts in China, 1990–2015
Authors: Liu Jun , Zheng Yixuan , Geng Guannan , Hong Chaopeng , Li Meng , Li Xin , Liu Fei , Tong Dan , Wu Ruili , Zheng Bo , He Kebin , Zhang Qiang 
Published: July 2020

Abstract. Air quality in China has changed dramatically in response to rapid development of the economy and to policies. In this work, we investigate
the changes in anthropogenic source contribution to ambient fine particulate
matter (PM2.5) air pollution and related health impacts in China during 1990–2015 and elucidate the drivers behind the decadal transition. We estimate the contribution of five anthropogenic emitting sectors to ambient
PM2.5 exposure and related premature mortality over China during
1990–2015 with 5-year intervals, by using an integrated model framework of a
bottom-up emission inventory, a chemical transport model, and the Global
Exposure Mortality Model (GEMM). The national anthropogenic
PM2.5-related premature mortality estimated with the GEMM for
nonaccidental deaths due to noncommunicable diseases and lower respiratory
infections rose from 1.26 million (95 % confidence interval (CI) [1.05, 1.46]) in 1990 to 2.18 million (95 % CI [1.84, 2.50]) in 2005; then,
it decreased to 2.10 million (95 % CI [1.76, 2.42]) in 2015. In 1990, the
residential sector was the leading source of the PM2.5-related
premature mortality (559 000, 95 % CI [467 000, 645 900], 44 % of total)
in China, followed by industry (29 %), power (13 %), agriculture (9 %),
and transportation (5 %). In 2015, the industrial sector became the
largest contributor of PM2.5-related premature mortality (734 000, 95 % CI [615 500, 844 900], 35 % of total), followed by the residential sector
(25 %), agriculture (23 %), transportation (10 %), and power (6 %).
The decadal changes in source contribution to PM2.5-related premature
mortality in China represent a combined impact of socioeconomic development
and clean-air policy. For example, active control measures have successfully
reduced pollution from the power sector, while contributions from the industrial and
transportation sectors have continuously increased due to more prominent growth in
activity rates. A transition in fuel consumption has dominated the decrease in the contribution from residential sector. Meanwhile, the contribution from the
agriculture sector has continuously increased due to persistent NH3
emissions and enhanced formation of secondary inorganic aerosols under an
NH3-rich environment.
In-flight calibration results of the TROPOMI payload on board the Sentinel-5 Precursor satellite
Authors: Ludewig Antje , Kleipool Quintus , Bartstra Rolf , Landzaat Robin , Leloux Jonatan , Loots Erwin , Meijering Peter , van der Plas Emiel , Rozemeijer Nico , Vonk Frank , Veefkind Pepijn 
Published: July 2020

Abstract. After the launch of the Sentinel-5 Precursor satellite on
13 October 2017, its single payload, the TROPOspheric
Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI), was commissioned for 6 months.
In this time the instrument was tested and calibrated extensively.
During this phase the geolocation calibration was validated using a dedicated measurement zoom mode.
With the help of spacecraft manoeuvres the solar angle dependence of the irradiance radiometry was calibrated for both internal diffusers. This improved the results that were obtained on the ground significantly.
Furthermore the orbital and long-term stability was tested for electronic gains, offsets, non-linearity, the dark current and the output of the internal light sources. The CCD output gain of the UV, UVIS and NIR detectors shows drifts over time which can be corrected in the Level 1b (L1b) processor.
In-flight measurements also revealed inconsistencies in the radiometric calibration and degradation of the UV spectrometer. Degradation was also detected for the internal solar diffusers. Since the start of the nominal operations (E2) phase in orbit 2818 on 30 April 2018, regularly scheduled calibration measurements on the eclipse side of the orbit are used for monitoring and updates to calibration key data. This article reports on the main results of the commissioning phase, the in-flight calibration and the instrument's stability since launch. Insights from commissioning and in-flight monitoring have led to updates to the L1b processor and its calibration key data. The updated processor is planned to be used for nominal processing from late 2020 on.
From fibrous plant residues to mineral-associated organic carbon – the fate of organic matter in Arctic permafrost soils
Authors: Prater Isabel , Zubrzycki Sebastian , Buegger Franz , Zoor-Füllgraff Lena C. , Angst Gerrit , Dannenmann Michael , Mueller Carsten W. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract. Permafrost-affected soils of the Arctic account for 70 %
or 727 Pg of the soil organic carbon (C) stored in the
northern circumpolar permafrost region and therefore play a major role
in the global C cycle. Most studies on the budgeting of C storage and
the quality of soil organic matter (OM; SOM) in the northern circumpolar
region focus on bulk soils. Thus, although there is a plethora of
assumptions regarding differences in terms of C turnover or stability, little knowledge is available on the mechanisms stabilizing
organic C in Arctic soils besides impaired decomposition due to low
temperatures. To gain such knowledge, we investigated soils from
Samoylov Island in the Lena River delta with respect to the
composition and distribution of organic C among differently stabilized
SOM fractions. The soils were fractionated according to density and
particle size to obtain differently stabilized SOM fractions differing
in chemical composition and thus bioavailability. To better understand
the chemical alterations from plant-derived organic particles in these
soils rich in fibrous plant residues to mineral-associated SOM, we
analyzed the elemental, isotopic and chemical composition of
particulate OM (POM) and clay-sized mineral-associated OM (MAOM). We
demonstrate that the SOM fractions that contribute with about
17 kg C m−3 for more than 60 % of the C stock are
highly bioavailable and that most of this labile C can be assumed to
be prone to mineralization under warming conditions. Thus, the amount
of relatively stable, small occluded POM and clay-sized MAOM that
currently accounts with about 10 kg C m−3 for about
40 % of the C stock will most probably be crucial for the quantity
of C protected from mineralization in these Arctic soils in a warmer
future. Using δ15N as a proxy for nitrogen (N) balances
indicated an important role of N inputs by biological N fixation,
while gaseous N losses appeared less important. However, this could
change, as with about 0.4 kg N m−3 one third of the N is
present in bioavailable SOM fractions, which could lead to increases
in mineral N cycling and associated N losses under global warming.
Our results highlight the vulnerability of SOM in Arctic
permafrost-affected soils under rising temperatures, potentially
leading to unparalleled greenhouse gas emissions from these soils.
Influence of estuarine tidal mixing on structure and spatial scales of large river plumes
Authors: Osadchiev Alexander , Medvedev Igor , Shchuka Sergey , Kulikov Mikhail , Spivak Eduard , Pisareva Maria , Semiletov Igor 
Published: July 2020

Abstract. The Yenisei and Khatanga rivers are among the largest estuarine rivers
that inflow to the Arctic Ocean. Discharge of the Yenisei River is
1 order of magnitude larger than that of the Khatanga River. However,
spatial scales of buoyant plumes formed by freshwater runoff from the
Yenisei and Khatanga gulfs are similar. This feature is caused by
different tidal forcing in these estuaries, which have similar sizes,
climate conditions, and geomorphology. The Khatanga discharge
experiences strong tidal forcing that causes formation of a diluted
bottom-advected plume in the Khatanga Gulf. This deep and
weakly stratified plume has a small freshwater fraction and
therefore occupies a large area on the shelf. The Yenisei Gulf, on
the other hand, is a salt-wedge estuary that receives a large
freshwater discharge and is less affected by tidal mixing due to low
tidal velocities. As a result, the low-salinity and
strongly stratified Yenisei plume has a large freshwater fraction and
its horizontal size is relatively small. The results show that
estuarine tidal mixing determines freshwater fraction in these river
plumes, which governs their depth and area after they spread from
estuaries to coastal sea. Therefore, the influence of estuarine mixing on
spatial scales of a large river plume can be of the same importance as
the roles of river discharge rate and wind forcing. In particular,
plumes with similar areas can be formed by rivers with significantly
different discharge rates, as illustrated by the Yenisei and Khatanga
plumes.