bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Demographic Transition and Economic Growth in Indonesia
Authors: Rostiana Endang , Rodesbi Anggia 
Published: June 2020

Abstract: Demographic transition in Indonesia indicated by an increase in the productive age population, a decrease in the unproductive age population, and leads to a decrease in the dependency ratio. This study analyzes the relationship between demographic transition and Indonesia's economic growth. If the population structure changes contribute positively to economic development, it means that Indonesia has enjoyed a bonus from their demographic transition. The analysis used was multiple regression, with economic growth rate as dependent variable and population growth rate, capital, young age dependency ratio and old age dependency ratio as independent variables. This study has found that the demographic transition, represented by growth of young age dependency ratio, growth of capital, and economic crisis dummy variable partially contributes positively to economic growth. It can be concluded that the demographic transition in Indonesia provides a bonus that is in the form of a positive contribution to economic growth. Keywords: economic growth, capital, population, dependency ratio Transisi Demografi dan Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Indonesia Abstrak: Transisi demografi di Indonesia ditandai dengan penurunan tingkat fertilitas dan mortalitas, yang berdampak pada peningkatan persentase penduduk usia produktif dan penurunan persentase penduduk usia tidak produktif. Hal ini menyebabkan angka beban tanggungan menjadi semakin kecil. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan transisi demografi dengan pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia. Jika transisi demografi berkontribusi positif pada pertumbuhan ekonomi, maka dapat dikatakan Indonesia telah menikmati bonus demografi. Model analisis menggunakan persamaan regresi, dengan pertumbuhan ekonomi sebagai variabel terikat. Variabel bebasnya adalah pertumbuhan penduduk, pertumbuhan modal, pertumbuhan dependency ratio penduduk usia muda, dan pertumbuhan dependency ratio penduduk usia lanjut. Hasil regresi menunjukkan bahwa transisi demografi yang diwakili oleh pertumbuhan dependency ratio penduduk usia muda, pertumbuhan modal, dan variabel dummy krisis ekonomi secara parsial berpengaruh positif terhadap perumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia. Hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa transisi demografi memberikan bonus berupa kontribusi positif terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi di Indonesia. Kata kunci: pertumbuhan ekonomi, modal, penduduk, dependency ratio
Analisa sebaran klasifikasi Usaha Kecil Menengah (UKM) di Kabupaten Tegal
Authors: Ahmad Gilang Rusadi , Susantiaji Ari 
Published: June 2020

Sektor Usaha Kecil dan Menengah (UKM) merupakan sektor perekonomian andalan di Indonesia. Sektor UKM dikenal memiliki daya serap tenaga kerja yang tinggi dibandingkan sektor-sektor lain. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pola sebaran UKM di Kabupaten Tegal, analisa sebaran kaitannya dengan kondisi perekonomian dan geografis suatu wilayah, serta analisa potensi pengembangan UKM di Kabupaten Tegal. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah data jumlah UKM di Kabupaten Tegal tahun 2019. Rumus sturgess digunakan untuk menghasilkan klasifikasi jumlah UKM rendah, sedang, dan tinggi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 10 kecamatan (55,56 %) kategori rendah, 7 kecamatan (38,89 %) kategori sedang, dan hanya 1 kecamatan (5,56 %) kategori tinggi. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa sebagian besar wilayah di Kabupaten Tegal termasuk dalam klasifikasi UKM berkategori rendah. Hasil analisa sebaran dan klasifikasi UKM di Kabupaten Tegal dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu bahan dalam membuat kebijakan pengembangan sektor UKM.
KONSEP PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER INDIGENOUS DALAM PERSPEKTIF ALQURAN
Authors: Achmad Yudianto 
Published: June 2020

Pendidikan karakter dalam perspektif Islam dipandang sangat penting dan merupakan bagian tak terpisahkan dari konsep pendidikan Islam secara keseluruhan berdasarkan petunjuk Alquran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan perumusan konsep dan model implementasi pendidikan karakter indigenous dalam perspektif Alquran untuk peserta didik di masa usia pranikah, prenatal, dan golden age. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan dengan melakukan observasi terhadap surat dan ayat-ayat Alquran, serta sains yang terkait dengan pendidikan karakter indigenous dalam perspektif Alquran, teknik analisis data menggunakan model analisis tafsir al-maudlu’iy. Hasil penelitian ini antara lain mengungkapkan tentang perumusan konsep dan model implementasi pendidikan karakter indigenous dalam perspektif Alquran di masa usia pranikah, prenatal, serta golden age. Simpulan dari penelitian ini antara lain bahwa dalam perspektif sains dan Alquran, manusia dari sejak dilahirkan memiliki dua jenis karakter indigenous yang berpasangan dan bersifat saling berlawanan, yakni karakter kebaikan (taqwa) dan karakter keburukan (fujur). Aktualisasi dan pengembangan karakter indigenous manusia dilakukan melalui pendidikan karakter yang memaksimalkan karakter kebaikan (taqwa) dan meminimalkan karakter keburukan (fujur). Kata Kunci: Pendidikan karakter indigenous, taqwa, fujur, perspektif Alquran. CONCEPT OF INDIGENOUS CHARACTER EDUCATION IN THE QUR'AN PERSPECTIVE Abstract: Character education in Islamic perspective is considered very important and is an inseparable part of the concept of Islamic education as a whole based on Qur'anic instructions. This study aims to reveal the formulation of concepts and models for the implementation of indigenous character education in the perspective of the Qur'an for students in premarital, prenatal, and golden age. This research uses a qualitative approach. Data is collected by observing the letters and verses of the Qur’an, as well as science related to indigenous character education in the perspective of the Qur’an. The data analysis technique uses the analysis model of al-maudlu'iy interpretation. The results of this study, among others, reveal about the formulation of concepts and models for the implementation of indigenous character education in the perspective of the Qur'an at the time of premarital, prenatal, and golden age. The conclusions of this study include that in the perspective of science and the Qur'an, humans from birth have two types of indigenous characters that are paired and are antagonistic, namely the character of goodness (taqwa) and the character of badness (fujur). Actualization and development of indigenous character of human being is done through character education that maximizes the character of goodness (taqwa) and minimizes the character of badness (fujur). Keywords: Indigenous character education, taqwa, fujur, Qur’an perspective
Use of a Smartphone App for Weight Loss Versus a Paper-Based Dietary Diary in Overweight Adults: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Ahn Jeong Sun , Lee Heejin , Kim Jiae , Park Haemin , Kim Dong Woo , Lee Jung Eun 
Published: June 2020

Background
Mobile health (mHealth) tools may be useful platforms for dietary monitoring and assessment.

Objective
This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a mobile dietary self-monitoring app for weight loss versus a paper-based diary among adults with a BMI of 23 kg/m2 or above.

Methods
A total of 33 men and 17 women aged 18-39 years participated in a 6-week randomized controlled trial. We randomly assigned participants to one of two groups: (1) a smartphone app group (n=25) or (2) a paper-based diary group (n=25). The smartphone app group recorded foods and dietary supplements that they consumed and received immediate dietary feedback using Well-D, a dietary self-monitoring app developed by our team. The paper-based diary group was instructed to record foods or supplements that they consumed using a self-recorded diary. The primary outcomes were weight, BMI, waist circumference, body fat mass, and skeletal muscle mass. We also examined changes in nutrient intake, including energy, carbohydrate, protein, fat, dietary fiber, vitamins, and minerals, using 3-day 24-hour recalls. Differences in changes between the two groups were analyzed using independent t tests or Wilcoxon Mann-Whitney tests. All of the data were analyzed using intent-to-treat analysis.

Results
The mean number of days recorded was 18.5 (SD 14.1) for the app group and 15.5 (SD 10.1) for the paper-based diary group. The differences in changes in weight, BMI, and waist circumference were not significantly different between the app group and paper-based diary group (P=.33, .34, and .70, respectively). Similarly, changes in body fat mass or skeletal muscle mass did not differ between the two groups (P=.71 and .054, respectively). Although energy intake was reduced in both groups, there was no significant difference in changes in energy intake between the two groups (P=.98).

Conclusions
There were no differences in changes in anthropometric measures and nutrient intake between the app group and the paper-based diary group. Both mobile dietary self-monitoring app and paper-based diary may be useful for improving anthropometric measures.

Trial Registration
Clinical Research Information Service KCT0003170; https://cris.nih.go.kr/cris/search/search_result_st01_en.jsp?seq=11642&ltype=&rtype=
Cancer Survivors’ Receptiveness to Digital Technology–Supported Physical Rehabilitation and the Implications for Design: Qualitative Study
Authors: Rossen Sine , Kayser Lars , Vibe-Petersen Jette , Christensen Jesper Frank , Ried-Larsen Mathias 
Published: June 2020

Background
Physical activity is associated with a positive prognosis in cancer survivors and may decrease the risk of adverse effects of treatment. Accordingly, physical activity programs are recommended as a part of cancer rehabilitation services. Digital technology may support cancer survivors in increasing their level of physical activity and increase the reach or efficiency of cancer rehabilitation services, yet it also comes with a range of challenges.

Objective
The aim of this qualitative study was to explore cancer survivors’ receptiveness to using digital technology as a mode of support to increase their physical activity in a municipality-based cancer rehabilitation setting.

Methods
Semistructured interviews were conducted with 11 cancer survivors (3 males, 8 females, age range 32-82 years) who were referred for cancer rehabilitation and had participated in a questionnaire survey using the Readiness and Enablement Index for Health Technology (READHY) questionnaire. Data analysis was based on the content analysis method.

Results
Two themes were identified as important for the interviewees’ receptiveness to using digital technology services in connection with their physical activity during rehabilitation: their attitude toward physical activity and their attitude toward digital technology–assisted physical activity. Our results indicated that it is important to address the cancer survivors’ motivation for using technology for physical activity and their individual preferences in terms of the following: (1) incidental or structured (eg, cardiovascular and strength exercises or disease-specific rehabilitative exercises) physical activity; (2) social or individual context; and (3) instruction (know-how) or information (know-why).

Conclusions
The identified preferences provide new insight that complements the cancer survivors’ readiness level and can likely help designers, service providers, and caregivers provide solutions that increase patient receptiveness toward technology-assisted physical activity. Combining digital technology informed by cancer survivors’ needs, preferences, and readiness with the capacity building of the workforce can aid in tailoring digital solutions to suit not only individuals who are receptive to using such technologies but also those reluctant to do so.
Development and Evaluation of a Smart Contract–Enabled Blockchain System for Home Care Service Innovation: Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Chang Shuchih Ernest , Chen YiChian , Lu MingFang , Luo Hueimin Louis 
Published: June 2020

Background
In the home care industry, the assignment and tracking of care services are controlled by care centers that are centralized in nature and prone to inefficient information transmission. A lack of trust among the involved parties, information opaqueness, and large manual manipulation result in lower process efficiency.

Objective
This study aimed to explore and demonstrate the application of blockchain and smart contract technologies to innovate/renovate home care services for harvesting the desired blockchain benefits of process transparency, traceability, and interoperability.

Methods
An object-oriented analysis/design combined with a unified modeling language tool was used to construct the architecture of the proposed home care service system. System feasibility was evaluated via an implementation test, and a questionnaire survey was performed to collect opinions from home care service respondents knowledgeable about blockchain and smart contracts.

Results
According to the comparative analysis results, the proposed design outperformed the existing system in terms of traceability, system efficiency, and process automation. Moreover, for the questionnaire survey, the quantitative analysis results showed that the proposed blockchain-based system had significantly (P<.001) higher mean scores (when compared with the existing system) in terms of important factors, including timeliness, workflow efficiency, automatic notifications, insurance functionality, and auditable traceability. In summary, blockchain-based home care service participants will be able to enjoy improved efficiency, better transparency, and higher levels of process automation.

Conclusions
Blockchain and smart contracts can provide valuable benefits to the home care service industry via distributed data management and process automation. The proposed system enhances user experiences by mitigating human intervention and improving service interoperability, transparency/traceability, and real-time response to home care service events. Efforts in exploring and integrating blockchain-based home care services with emerging technologies, such as the internet of things and artificial intelligence, are expected to provide further benefits and therefore are subject to future research.
Identification of Type 2 Diabetes Management Mobile App Features and Engagement Strategies: Modified Delphi Approach
Authors: Alenazi Hanan A , Jamal Amr , Batais Mohammed A 
Published: June 2020

Background
Diabetes is a significant public health issue. Saudi Arabia has the highest prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the Arab world. Currently, it affects 31.6% of the general population, and the prevalence of T2DM is predicted to rise to 45.36% by 2030. Mobile health (mHealth) offers improved and cost-effective care to people with T2DM. However, the efficiency of engagement strategies and features of this technology need to be reviewed and standardized according to stakeholder and expert perspectives.

Objective
The main objective of this study was to identify the most agreed-upon features for T2DM self-management mobile apps; the secondary objective was to identify the most agreed-upon strategies that prompt users to use these apps.

Methods
In this study, a 4-round modified Delphi method was applied by experts in the domain of diabetes care.

Results
In total, 11 experts with a mean age of 47.09 years (SD 11.70) consented to participate in the study. Overall, 36 app features were generated. The group of experts displayed weak agreement in their ranking of intervention components (Kendall W=0.275; P<.001). The top 5 features included insulin dose adjustment according to carbohydrate counting and blood glucose readings (5.36), alerting a caregiver of abnormal or critical readings (6.09), nutrition education (12.45), contacts for guidance if required (12.64), and offering patient-specific education tailored to the user’s goals, needs, and blood glucose readings (12.90). In total, 21 engagement strategies were generated. Overall, the experts showed a moderate degree of consensus in their strategy rankings (Kendall W=0.454; P<.001). The top 5 engagement strategies included a user-friendly design (educational and age-appropriate design; 2.82), a free app (3.73), allowing the user to communicate or send information/data to a health care provider (HCP; 5.36), HCPs prescribing the mobile app in the clinic and asking about patients’ app use compliance during clinical visits (6.91), and flexibility and customization (7.91).

Conclusions
This is the first study in the region consisting of a local panel of experts from the diabetes field gathering together. We used an iterative process to combine the experts’ opinions into a group consensus. The results of this study could thus be useful for health app developers and HCPs and inform future decision making on the topic.
Differences in Electronic Personal Health Information Tool Use Between Rural and Urban Cancer Patients in the United States: Secondary Data Analysis
Authors: Greenberg-Worisek Alexandra , Ferede Liaa , Balls-Berry Joyce , Marigi Ian , Valentin Mendez Emily , Bajwa Numra , Ouk Melody , Orellana Minerva , Enders Felicity 
Published: June 2020

Background
Studies have previously shown that rural cancer patients are diagnosed at later stages of disease. This delay is felt throughout treatment and follow-up, reflected in the fact that rural patients often have poorer clinical outcomes compared with their urban counterparts.

Objective
Few studies have explored whether there is a difference in cancer patients’ current use of health information technology tools by residential location.

Methods
Data from 7 cycles of the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS, 2003-2017) were merged and analyzed to examine whether differences exist in managing electronic personal health information (ePHI) and emailing health care providers among rural and urban cancer patients. Geographic location was categorized using Rural-Urban Continuum Codes (RUCCs). Bivariate analyses and multivariable logistic regression were used to determine whether associations existed between rural/urban residency and use of health information technology among cancer patients.

Results
Of the 3031 cancer patients/survivors who responded across the 7 cycles of HINTS, 797 (26.9%) resided in rural areas. No difference was found between rural and urban cancer patients in having managed ePHI in the past 12 months (OR 0.78, 95% CI 0.43-1.40). Rural cancer patients were significantly less likely to email health care providers than their urban counterparts (OR 0.52, 95% CI 0.32-0.84).

Conclusions
The digital divide between rural and urban cancer residents does not extend to general ePHI management; however, electronic communication with providers is significantly lower among rural cancer patients than urban cancer patients. Further research is needed to determine whether such disparities extend to other health information technology tools that might benefit rural cancer patients as well as other chronic conditions.
Designing a Virtual Reality Game for Promoting Empathy Toward Patients With Chronic Pain: Feasibility and Usability Study
Authors: Tong Xin , Gromala Diane , Kiaei Ziabari Seyedeh Pegah , Shaw Christopher D 
Published: June 2020

Background
Many researchers have been evaluating how digital media may impact the emotional and perspective taking aspects of empathy in both clinical and nonclinical settings. Despite the growing interest in using virtual reality (VR) and VR games to motivate empathy, few studies have focused on empathy for people who live with chronic pain.

Objective
Chronic pain affects, by conservative estimates, 1 in 5 people in industrialized countries. Despite this prevalence, public awareness of chronic pain was remarkably low until the recent opioid crisis; as a result, stigma remains a problem frequently faced by people who live with this condition. To address this, the VR game AS IF was developed to increase nonpatients’ empathy toward the growing number of people who live with long-term chronic pain. On the basis of our prior work, we overhauled our approach, designed and built a VR prototype and evaluated it, and offered design suggestions for future research.

Methods
We introduced the design features of the VR game AS IF and described the study we devised to evaluate its effectiveness. We adopted a mixed methods approach and compared the empathy-related outcomes in both pre- and posttesting. A total of 19 participants were recruited.

Results
The findings of this study suggest that the VR game was effective in improving implicit and explicit empathy as well as its emotional and perspective taking aspects. More specifically, for the Empathy Scale, the total pretest scores (mean 47.33, SD 4.24) and posttest scores (mean 59.22, SD 4.33) did not reach statistical significance (P=.08). However, we did find differences in the subscales. The kindness subscale showed a statistically significant increase in the posttest score (mean 15.61, SD 2.85) compared with the pretest score (mean 17.06, SD 2.65;P=.001). For the Willingness to Help Scale, a significant increase was observed from a t test analysis (P<.001) of scores before (mean 7.17, SD 2.28) and after (mean 8.33, SD 2.03) the gameplay. The effect size for this analysis was large (d=−1.063).

Conclusions
The contributions of this research are as follows: AS IF provides a promising approach for designing VR games to motivate people’s empathy toward patients with chronic pain, the study evaluates the potential effectiveness of such a VR approach, and the general design suggestions devised from this study could shed light on future VR game systems.
Information and Communications Technology–Based Interventions Targeting Patient Empowerment: Framework Development
Authors: Karni Liran , Dalal Koustuv , Memedi Mevludin , Kalra Dipak , Klein Gunnar Oskar 
Published: June 2020

Background
Empowerment of patients is often an explicit goal of various information and communications technology (ICT) (electronic, digital) interventions where the patients themselves use ICT tools via the internet. Although several models of empowerment exist, a comprehensive and pragmatic framework is lacking for the development of such interventions.

Objective
This study proposes a framework for digital interventions aiming to empower patients that includes a methodology that links objectives, strategies, and evaluation.

Methods
This study is based on a literature review and iterated expert discussions including a focus group to formulate the proposed model. Our model is based on a review of various models of empowerment and models of technology intervention.

Results
Our framework includes the core characteristics of the empowerment concept (control, psychological coping, self-efficacy, understanding, legitimacy, and support) as well as a set of empowerment consequences: expressed patient perceptions, behavior, clinical outcomes, and health systems effects. The framework for designing interventions includes strategies to achieve empowerment goals using different ICT services. Finally, the intervention model can be used to define project evaluations where the aim is to demonstrate empowerment. The study also included example indicators and associated measurement instruments.

Conclusions
This framework, which includes definitions, can be useful for the design and evaluation of digital interventions targeting patient empowerment and assist in the development of methods to measure results in this dimension. Further evaluation in the form of interventional studies will be needed to assess the generalizability of the model.