bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cross Hedging Jet Fuel on the Singapore Spot Market
Authors: Clark Ephraim , Tan Mark , Tunru Radu 
Published: August 2020

In this paper we test for the most effective cross hedging instrument for the Singapore spot market in jet fuel over the period February 4, 1997 to August 21, 2001. Our results are mixed. We find that the heating oil contract is the best in-sample cross-hedging instrument. It has the highest correlation with the spot price and gives the best regression results. However, after correcting for serial correlation, the goodness of fit measured by R2 is rather low. Out of sample results are weak for all models and ambiguous with respect to the heating oil contract.
Recent Trends in Global FDI Flows: Implications for the 21st Century
Authors: Ndu Chiaku Chukwuogor 
Published: August 2020

This paper examines recent global trends of foreign direct investment (FDI) flows and the benefits derivable by the recipient countries. Some of The developed countries of the West, Japan and China are the greatest recipients of FDI flows. There has been dramatic increase in FDI flows to developing countries in Asia, Latin America and the transition countries in Europe. In general developing countries are still unable to attract significant FDI. Africa’s share of the FDI flows though slightly on the increase has been abysmally low. The identifiable reasons for this trend were highlighted. To achieve a more balance flow of FDI in the 21st century, a concerted effort should be made by international organizations, leading world government, multinational enterprises and governments of developing economies, through dialogue and negotiations to encourage multinational enterprises to diversify their investments across developing economies otherwise marginalized by globalization and liberalization.
Multi-Country Study of Bank Credit Risk Determinants
Authors: Ahmad Nor Hayati , Ariff Mohamed 
Published: August 2020

This paper presents fresh findings about key determinants of credit risk of commercial banks in emerging economy banking systems compared with developed economies. Australia, France, Japan and the US represent developed economies; emerging economies are India, Korea, Malaysia, Mexico and Thailand. Credit risk theories and empirical literature suggest eight credit risk determinants. We find anywhere from two to four factors are alone significantly correlated with credit risk of any one banking system. Regulatory capital is significant for banking systems that offer multi products; management quality is critical in the cases of loan-dominant banks in emerging economies. Contrary to theory or studies, we find leverage is not correlated with credit risk in our test period. Data transformations and statistical corrections ensured these results are reliable: Model robustness was tested using AIC. The model developed here could be applied to test more emerging economy banking systems to generalize our findings to other economies.
Financial Liberalization or Financial Development? Tests Using Delphi-Based Index Ofliberalization
Authors: Gronewold Nicolaas , Peng Jiangang , Li Guanzheng , Fan Xiangmei 
Published: August 2020

Most empirical analysis of the finance-growth nexus has used measures of financial development such as the ratio or monetary of financial assets to GDP to measure financial development. We argue that from a policy perspective measures of financial liberalisation or reform are of greater interest and, besides, are less likely to be beset by endogeneity problems which have dogged the empirical growth literature. We develop such a measure by combining the ‘Delphi’ method and principal components analysis to construct an index of financial liberalisation for China. Much of China’s financial development has been policy-driven and we could expect to find a distinct difference, at least in timing, between measures of financial reform and financial development. We compare our financial liberalisation index to a number of standard measures of financial development and find that there is pervasive evidence that financial liberalisation Granger-causes financial development but not vice versa.
Profit Sharing Ratios in Mudaraba Contracts Revisited
Authors: Hasan Zubair 
Published: August 2020

This paper examines three interlinked issues: First, what is the current state of profit sharing in Islamic banking, that is, is the division of profit between the banks and the depositors satisfactory? Second, can the profit sharing in a two-tier mudaraba contract give the same rate of return to depositors as the bank receives from the investment of their deposits in business? Finally, can the central bank use in some ways the profit sharing ratio along with the rate of interest as an instrument for credit control in a dual banking system? The answer to the fi rst two questions is in the negative. To the third, a tentative response is yes. The paper also suggests a policy tool the central banks can presumably use for controlling credit, more so in view of the recurring financial crises like the one emanating from the US that the world is facing today. The tool may in addition help improve the link between the banks and depositors by adopting an iniquitous distribution of profits.
Cash Conversion Cycle and Profitability of Nigerian Small and Medium-Sized Entities: An Empirical Analysis
Authors: Tsagem Musa Muhammad , Aripin Norhani , Ishak Rokiah 
Published: August 2020

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between cash conversion cycle and firm performance of small and medium-sized entities (SMEs) in Nigeria. SMEs are potentials for Nigerian economy growth; contributing to gross domestic product, employment generation, poverty reduction and industrialization. The study employed the panel data regression analysis using financial data from a sample of 311 Nigerian SMEs for the period 2007-2013. The findings of the study revealed a negative association between cash conversion cycle, inventory holding period and accounts payable period with SMEs profitability; and a statistically significant negative relationship between accounts receivable period and SMEs’ profitability. The findings also found a significant positive relationship between firm size, leverage, growth opportunities and firm age and SMEs’ profitability. Thus, the result of the study indicates that Nigerian SMEs with a shorter cash conversion cycle and low growth opportunities hold more cash. This study contributes to existing literature on the relationship between cash conversion cycle and SMEs’ profitability in developing economies. However, this study is limited to non-financial and non-service SMEs.
Mutual Fund Performance and the Impact of Superannuation and Financial Regulation
Authors: Cooper James M. , Gregory-Allen Russell 
Published: August 2020

Financial innovation such as a new superannuation scheme can allow for broader participation in retirement savings by individuals, but might also impact existing investments. On the other hand, mutual fund regulation involves a balancing act between protecting investors, and allowing fund managers to exercise their skills. Some recent changes in the fund environment of New Zealand allows an examination of the impact on performance from those changes in a small, open economy. Using a sample of New Zealand mutual funds, we compared performance before and after the introduction of two significant changes in the financial environment of New Zealand. In 2007, a state-sponsored investment scheme called KiwiSaver was introduced, providing significant incentives for more and more New Zealanders to save. Participation was substantial, and by 2015 KiwiSaver funds under management had exceeded traditional open-end funds. At the time of KiwiSaver’s introduction, mutual fund regulations was quite lax, particularly in the area of financial disclosure. However, in 2013 a new law was introduced, substantially increasing the disclosure requirements for those funds participating in the KiwiSaver scheme. First we examined, the impact on the New Zealand mutual fund industry upon the introduction of KiwiSaver, and then on the introduction of the increased KiwiSaver regulations, in order to determine if these harmed the overall New Zealand mutual fund industry. We found that the New Zealand mutual funds which focused on New Zealand or Australian equities experienced some negative performance after the introduction of KiwiSaver, but the impact on the overall industry was not significant. We also found that the increased regulations had some positive impact on performance, particularly for those funds emphasising global equities.
Qualitative Study of Profit Margin Determinants and Pricing Practices: An Islamic Banking Perspective
Authors: Mat Nor Fauzias , Shaharuddin Amir , Nawai Norhaziah , Marzuki Ainulashikin , Wan Abdullah W Zainuddin 
Published: August 2020

The purpose of this study is to investigate and validate the determinants of profit margins and pricing practices of Islamic banking institutions in Malaysia. The key determinants and pricing approaches were extracted using a verbal protocol followed by probing of respondents. Focus group interviews were conducted with Islamic banking experts from Bank Muamalat Malaysia Berhad, CIMB Islamic Bank Berhad, Bank Islam Malaysia Berhad and Maybank Islamic Berhad. Preliminary analysis suggested some distinct outcomes in the identification of determinants and practices in pricing and bank margins for future research. This study has provided important insights for Islamic banks to improve their bank margins and profit by considering significant variables affecting profitability. Generally, the themes which emerged from the interviews concurred with findings from literature. However, the determinants that have yet to be captured in the literature are marketing strategies which include product risk, financing terms and conditions; and discretionary power. Awareness of Islamic banking products and cost of fund strategies are other important determinants of bank margins and profitability. This paper also has the potential to enhance bank margin determinants, concept, theory and practice.
Standardization of Trading Board Lot: Effect on Price and Liquidity
Authors: Ibrahim Nor Elliany Hawa , Taufil Mohd Kamarun Nisham , Khaw Karren Lee-Hwei 
Published: August 2020

In this study we examined the announcement and implementation effect of the standardization of trading board lot event at the Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange, which saw a reduction of the minimum trading unit from 1000 or 200 units to 100 units. The event was implemented in three stages, which affected all listed firms. Our findings showed that there were positive cumulative abnormal returns surrounding implementation days, indicating positive market reception of the new policy. The Securities Commission of Malaysia stated that the trading activities had increased significantly after implementation of the standard trading board lot. Regardless, this claim has never been verified from an academic perspective, which spurred us to compare its effects on liquidity in the pre- and post-standardization period. Our univariate tests showed that as a whole, the lot size reduction improved bid-ask spread and trading activities of stocks in Malaysia.
PENTINGNYA TYPEFACE SEBAGAI IDENTITAS VISUAL KAWASAN WISATA PANTAI PARANG DOWO
Authors: C.R.E.C Aileena Solicitor , Nisa Diana Aqidatun , Ayuswantana Alfian Candra , Sumitro Handy Octoriawan , Hanani Amaliya Nur 
Published: August 2020

Tipografi dalam dunia desain komunikasi visual merupakan hal yang sangat penting dan sering dipakai untuk menyempurnakan sebuah desain. Dalam kehidupan sehari-hari sering dijumpai berbagai macam bentuk desain yang didalamnya mengandung unsur tipografi seperti; desain brosur, periklanan dan desain lainnya yang merupakan suatu bentuk komunikasi visual. Dalam tipografi terdapat istilah Typeface yang merupakan rancangan karakter dari sekumpulan huruf. Rancangan huruf tidak hanya terbatas pada media komunikasi, namun juga berfungsi sebagai bentuk identitas visual. Salah satunya identitas visual pada daerah wisata. Di Kabupaten Malang memiliki destinasi wisata alami yang cantik, salah satunya Pantai Parang Dowo yang memiliki tempat berendam alami yang cantik di pinggir pantainya, namun masih belum banyak pengunjungnya. Dengan banyaknya keindahan alam yang dimiliki Pantai Parang Dowo perlu adanya sebuah identitas visual untuk memudahkan menyampaikan informasi serta sosialisasi pentingnya identitas visual bagi masyarakat sekitar. Perancangan dan sosialisasi ini dilakukan berdasarkan riset kualitatif berupa observasi dan wawancara mendalam. Hasil rancangan akan disosialisasikan kepada masyarakat melalui penyuluhan dan implementasi. Dengan demikian adanya desain typeface sebagai identitas visual akan sangat membantu pertumbuhan Pantai Parang Dowo sebagai daerah wisata alam yang ada di Kabupaten Malang.
MODEL PERKEMBANGAN PENYAKIT BULAI PADA BERBAGAI VARIETAS DI KABUPATEN MOJOKERTO
Authors: Amara Khansa , Nirwanto Herry , Harijani Wiwik Sri , Imanadi Latief 
Published: August 2020

Jamur Peronosclerospora spp. penyebab bulai merupakan salah satu kendala dalam kegiatan budidaya tanaman jagung di Indonesia. Kerusakan yang disebabkan oleh jamur Peronosclerospora spp. dapat mencapai 90-100% terutama pada varietas rentan. Kondisi lingkungan abiotik seperti suhu rendah dan kelembaban tinggi disertai adanya lapisan air pada permukaan daun dapat meningkatkan keterjadian penyakit. Teknik pengelolaan penyakit masih didominasi dengan aplikasi fungisida sintetis yang memiliki beberapa dampak negatif, seperti mematikan organisme non target, meningkatkan resistensi patogen serta pencemaran lingkungan. Akan tetapi, dampak tersebut dapat diminimalisir melalui kegiatan monitoring yang berperan sebagai kunci utama program pengelolaan penyakit terpadu. Kegiatan monitoring memudahkan proses analisis epidemiologi melalui pendekatan model matematika sehingga dapat diketahui pola perkembangan penyakit tanaman dan laju infeksinya sebagai dasar dalam menyusun strategi pengelolaan penyakit. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan penelitian mengenai model perkembangan penyakit bulai berdasarkan perbedaan varietas tanaman jagung dalam rangka mengevaluasi ketahanan tanaman jagung di Kabupaten Mojokerto. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan model yang mampu mewakili perkembangan penyakit bulai di Mojokerto adalah monit. Laju infeksi tertinggi dimiliki pada lahan yang menggunakan varietas P35 daripada lahan lain yang menggunakan varietas NK 6172.
Kata kunci : Model, Bulai, Peronosclerospora spp., varietas, laju infeksi, jagung
The Needs for Psycho Spiritual Competencies for Disaster Workers in Malaysia
Authors: Othman Khatijah , Mohd Sukor Nurhafizah , Md Hamdani Suhailiza , Nik Nazli Nik Nadian Nisa , Mahyuddin Muhammad Khairi , Ahmad Yuseri , Mutalib Marina Munira , Sulaiman Mashitah , Jusoh Nor Adila Syahira 
Published: August 2020

Natural Disaster such as big flood, earthquake, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions, fire raze, landslide, and other kinds of disaster always occurred everywhere in the world. The role of disaster workers is crucial in saving the victims in a critical situation where the inner strength to confront the dangerous situation and comfort the victims is needed. This study examines whether the training content to disaster workers possess sufficient knowledge and skills to cater the physical needs, as well as the emotional turmoil and instability situation, occurred to the victims. The secondary data sought from library and website research, scholars’ opinion from journals published and past research conducted. The psycho-spiritual competencies from the conventional and Islamic perspectives are highlighted. Differences in the two approaches were compared and evaluated. The finding shows that the disaster workers require both conventional and Islamic approaches of psycho-spiritual competencies to cater to the needs of disaster victims during the rescue process take place. Hence, Islamic psycho spiritual competencies contribute to the inner strength of the Muslim disaster workers as its emblem the soul and the spiritual heart qalb which correlated as the determinant factor of the well-being of the physical body of the human being.
Pengaruh Waktu Pada Elektroplating Krom Dekoratif Dengan Logam Basis Tembaga Terhadap Laju Korosi
Authors: Dewi Citra Ayu , Ahmadi Ahmadi 
Published: August 2020

Dalam penelitian ini telah dilakukan proses elektroplating krom dekoratif dengan logam basis tembaga, elektroplating logam sering digunakan sebagai sarana untuk memberikan lapisan tipis pada permukaan logam lain atau substrat dengan menggunakan logam yang memiliki keunggulan dari segi properti dan ketahanan terhadap korosi. Dalam elektroplating krom dekoratif digunakan nikel dan krom sebagai bahan pelapis, nikel dan krom digunakan sebagai pelapis karena sifatnya yang protektif dan dekoratif, Protektif artinya dapat mencegah korosi dan dekoratif karena tampak mengkilap sehingga tampak menarik. Dipilihnya logam tembaga karena aplikasinya yang sangat banyak didalam masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur laju korosi pada logam tembaga setelah proses elektroplating krom dekoratif berdasarkan variasi waktu yang digunakan selama proses elektroplating. Penelitian ini penting dilakukan karena selama proses elektroplating akan diperoleh teknik elektoplating krom dekoratif yang dituangkan dalam bentuk modul, dan modul tersebut akan digunakan untuk memberikan pelatihan kepada mahasiswa untuk menambah bekal keterampilannya. Penelitian ini dilakukan di laboratorium kimia IKIP Mataram dengan waktu satu tahun. Proses yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini secara berurutan adalah menyiapkan larutan elektrolit yang digunakan untuk elektroplating, menyiapkan logam basis tembaga supaya bebas dari oksida atau karat, pelapisan nikel dan terakhir pelapisan dengan krom. Dari proses pelapisan yang dilakukan kemudian hasilnya akan dianalisa laju korosinya dengan perendaman dalam larutan NaCl pada konsentrasi 36,05 gram/L selama 336 jam, berdasarkan variasi waktu yang digunakan selama proses elektroplating yaitu 10; 20; 30; 40; dan 50 Menit, diperoleh hasil laju korosi berturut-turut 0,029; 0,013; 0,017; 0,022; dan 0,012 mm/thn; sedangkan logam tembaga yang tidak dilapisi laju korosinya 0,308 mm/thn. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa logam tembaga yang dilapisi nikel krom akan efektif menahan korosi dengan waktu yang diberikan 50 Menit.
Korelasi Antara Keterampilan Proses Sains Dengan Hasil Belajar Mahasiswa Pada Praktikum Sifat Koligatif Larutan
Authors: Najmah Najmah , Khaeruman Khaeruman , Khery Yusran 
Published: August 2020

Praktikum yang dilakukan sejauh ini memang sudah memiliki keterampilan proses sains untuk dinilai. Namun, penilaian yang dilakukan belum maksimal. Mahasiswa masih sangat bergantung pada koordinator praktikum, sehingga keterampilan proses sains yang dimiliki mahasiswa tidak berkembang. Pada hakikatnya keterampilan proses sains tersebut dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah ada korelasi antara keterampilan proses sains dengan hasil belajar mahasiswa pada praktikum sifat koligatif larutan. Metode penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di kampus IKIP Mataram. Subjek pada penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa semester genap program studi pendidikan kimia, matematika dan biologi yang berjumlah 138 orang yang memprogramkan mata kuliah kimia dasar II Tahun Pelajaran 2013/2014. . Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan data adalah lembar observasi keterampilan proses sains dan Lembar soal tes hasil belajar. Teknik analisa data untuk menghitung koefisen korelasi keterampilan proses sains dengan hasil belajar digunakan rumus pearson korelasi product moment. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa keterampilan proses sains mahasiswa dalam praktikum sifat koligatif larutan memiliki korelasi positif dengan hasil belajar. Hal ini ditunjukkan oleh r sebesar 0,2897 menurut korelasi pearson product moment dan r 0,1676 dengan taraf signifikan 5%.
Pengembangan Bahan Ajar KAPRA Berbasis Literasi Sains Pada Materi Laju Reaksi Untuk Kelas XI SMA / MA
Authors: Nisa Baiq Chairun , Suryati Suryati , Dewi Citra Ayu 
Published: August 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bentuk dan kelayakan bahan ajar KAPRA berbasis literasi sains pada materi laju reaksi untuk SMA/MA kelas XI yang telah dikembangkan. Model pengembangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 4-D yang terbatas pada tahap define, design, dan develop, dan tidak sampai tahap disseminate dengan beberapa penyesuaian berdasarkan kebutuhan pengembangan. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah sebuah produk yaitu Modul KAPRA berbasis Literasi Sains yang mengacu pada silabus kurikulum 2006. Hal ini ditunjukkan dari hasil validasi ahli oleh dosen kimia terhadap modul laju reaksi menunjukkan persentase 86,35% yang berarti sangat layak, hasil penilaian guru diperoleh persentase sebesar 98,75% dan pada ujicoba kelompok terbatas terhadap 10 orang siswa SMAN 1 Gunungsari diperoleh rata-rata persentase kelayakan sebesar 85,42% dengan kriteria sangat layak. Dilihat dari persentase uji kelayakan bahwa produk pengembangan bahan ajar berupa modul yang dikembangkan layak untuk digunakan dan produk yang dikembangkan layak untuk dipakai di SMA khususnya di SMAN 1 Gunungsari.
Pengembangan Media Animasi Interaktif Pada Materi Laju Reaksi
Authors: Khaeruman Khaeruman , Ahmadi Ahmadi , Rehanun Rehanun 
Published: August 2020

Chemistry is a subject that considered as the difficult one by most of the students of senior high school since the characteristic of chemistry is microscopic that demanded the students to be able to understand the consept and then solve the problem .To help the student increasing their understanding .media is very needed. The media developed in this research is interactive Animation Media for the eleventh grade student and to test the teasibility level. The development modek used in his research is ADDIE (Analysis, design, develop, implement, evaluate). With some adaptation based on the development need. The resut of the development is interactive Animation Media in Reaction Rate Material which validation toward the result was done in two test, they are exoert test and limited group trial. There are 4 validators in this research, the are media expertise of FPMIPA IKIP Mataram and two chemistry teacher material expertise of MA NW Debok, and the subject of limited group test which was`a chemistry students an 10 students of MA NW Debok. The instment used to collect the data was questionnaire, while the data analysis by using everage percentage analysis the validation result of media expert shows that the average percentage analysis. The validation result of media expert shows that the average percentage was 76,25% and 75% which means valid/good. Validation done by the material expert shows that the average percentage was 86,25% and 91,25% which means good/valid, while the result of limited group test toword the students was 80,5% and toword the students was 87% which means that learning media which is interactive Animation Media in Reaction Rate Material is appropriate to use. It can be concluded that interactive Animation Media in Reaction Rate Material is appropriate to nuse by the teacher in teaching process.