bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bioinformatics Analysis to Screen and Identify Key Biomarkers of Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Xu Yingying , Zou Chunbo 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Papillary renal cell carcinoma (PRCC) is the second most common type of renal cell carcinoma after clear cell renal cell carcinoma(ccRCC). Its pathological classification is controversial and its molecular mechanism is poorly understood. Therefore, the identification of key genes and their biological pathways is of great significance to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of PRCC occurrence and progression. Methods: Downloaded PRCC-related datasets GSE7023, GSE48352 and GSE15641 from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differential expression genes (DEG) were identified and gene ontology (GO) term enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomics (KEGG) pathway analysis were performed. Cytoscape and STRING are used to construct the Protein-Protein Interaction Network (PPI) and module analysis to find hub genes and key pathways. Hierarchical clustering of hub genes was constructed using UCSC. Overall survival and relapse-free survival of Hub genes were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier plotter. UALCAN was applied to analyze genes expression in primary organizations, different stages ,different subtypes and races. Results: A total of 214 DEG genes were identified, including 205 down-regulated genes and 9 up-regulated genes. DEG is mainly concentrated in angiogenesis, kidney development, oxidation-reduction process, metabolic pathways, etc. 17 hub gene enrichment mainly in angiogenesis, cell adhesion, platelet degranulation, Leukocyte transendothelial migration biological processes, etc. 17 hub genes were screened out, which were mainly enriched in the biological processes of angiogenesis, cell adhesion, platelet degranulation, and leukocyte transendothelial migration. Survival analysis showed that EGF, KDR, CXCL12, REN, PECAM1, CDH5, THY1, WT1, PLAU and DCN may be related to the carcinogenesis, metastasis or recurrence of PRCC. Conclusions: DEG and hub genes identified in present study provide clues to the specific molecular mechanisms of PRCC occurrence and development, and may be potential molecular markers and therapeutic targets for accurate classification and efficient diagnosis and treatment of PRCC.
Impact and Cost-benefit Analysis: A Unifying Approach
Authors: Scandizzo Pasquale Lucio 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This paper presents a methodology to integrate cost benefit analysis and SAM-CGE based impact evaluation. While the two types of analysis have developed in parallel and without a clear connection, there is growing consensus that the two approaches should be integrated for complex investment projects, since their economic evaluation cannot rely solely on the partial equilibrium assumptions of cost benefit (CB) analysis. Unlike CB analysis, impact evaluation looks at the economy as a complete system of interdependent components (industries, households, investors, government, importers, exporters). By integrating project accounting into a SAM-CGE framework, the methodology developed presents several properties that make it fit to the purpose of providing a reliable assessment of project contribution to the economy.JEL Codes: D57, D58, D62, E17, F35, O22
Nitric Oxide Could Allay Arsenic Phytotoxicity in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) by Modulating Photosynthetic Pigments, Phytochelatin Metabolism, Molecular Redox Status and Arsenic Sequestration
Authors: Ghorbani Abazar , Pishkar Leila , Roudbari Nasim , Pehlivan Necla , Wu Chu 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Plants do not always have the genetic capacity to tolerate high quantities of (As) which does not only arrest the plant growth, but commit potential health risks by dietary bioaccumulation. However, the interplay between the tomato plants and As-NO driven molecular cell dynamics are obscure. Hence, seedlings were treated with As (10 mg/L) alone or in combination with 100 µM sodium nitroprusside (SNP, NO donor) and 200 µM 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (cPTIO, NO scavenger).Results: SNP immobilized the As in the roots and reduced the shoot translocation by up-regulating the transcriptional expression of the PCS, GSH1, MT2 and ABC1. SNP further restored the growth retardation by modulating the chlorophyll and proline metabolism, increasing NO accumulation and stomatal conductance along with a clear crosstalk between the activity of antioxidants as well as glyoxalase I and II leading endogenous H2O2 and MG decrease.Conclusion: Higher PCs and glutathione accumulation helped to protect photosynthetic apparatus, however, cPTIO reversed the protective effects of SNP, authenticating the role of NO in the As toxicity alleviation.
Biofeedback Posture Training for Adolescents with Mild Scoliosis
Authors: Cheung Mei-chun , Yip Joanne , Lai Janelle S.K. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Asymmetry in paraspinal myoelectric activities is a prominent risk factor for curve progression in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a surface electromyography (sEMG) biofeedback posture training program for adolescents with mild scoliosis (Cobb’s angle < 30°), with the ultimate goal of controlling the curve progression. Seven female adolescents (age, 12–14 years) with mild scoliosis (Cobb’s angle < 30°) were recruited. The participants received 30 tailor-made sessions of sEMG biofeedback posture training at a rate of one to two sessions per week for approximately 6 months. The activities of the paraspinal muscles (the trapezius, latissimi dorsi, thoracic erector spinae, and lumbar erector spinae), as measured by sEMG during habitual sitting postures, and spinal deformity, as evaluated by ultrasound imaging, were compared before and after training to evaluate its effectiveness. The mean values of the root-mean-square sEMG ratio, an index of symmetry in paraspinal muscle activity between the concave and convex of the spinal curve, revealed significant asymmetry over the trapezius and lumbar erector spinae before the training. After the training, all seven adolescents achieved significantly more symmetrical muscle activity over these two muscle pairs. In two adolescents, the spinal curvature decreased by more than 5°, whereas the remaining adolescents showed a minimal curve progression with changes in the spinal curvature controlled under 5°. sEMG biofeedback posture training is effective in adolescents with mild scoliosis, and can be implemented as an early intervention to improve their posture and mitigate curve progression.
The Effect of Turbulence Modelling on the Assessment of Platelet Activation
Authors: Bozzi Silvia , Dominissini Davide , Redaelli Alberto , Passoni Giuseppe 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Pathological platelet activation induced by abnormal shear stresses is regarded as a main clinical complication in recipients of cardiovascular biomedical implantable devices and prostheses. In order to improve their performance computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has been used to evaluate flow fields and related shear stresses. More recently CFD models have been equipped with mathematical models that describe the relation between fluid dynamics variables, and in particular shear stresses, and the platelet activation state (PAS). These mathematical models typically use a Lagrangian approach to extract the shear stresses along possible platelet trajectories. However, in the case of turbulent flow, the choice of the proper turbulence closure model is still debated for both concerning its effect on Lagrangian statistics and shear stress calculation. In our study five numerical simulations of the flow through a mechanical heart valve were performed and then compared in terms of Eulerian and Lagrangian quantities: a direct numerical simulation (DNS), a large eddy simulation (LES), two Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) simulations (SST k-ω and RSM) and a “Laminar” (no turbulence modelling on a Taylor microscale-based grid) simulation. Results exhibit a large variability in the PAS assessment depending on the turbulence model adopted. “Laminar” and RSM estimates of platelet activation are about 60% below DNS, while LES is 16% less. Surprisingly, PAS estimated from the SST k-ω velocity field is only 8% less than from DNS data. This appears more artificial than physical as can be inferred after comparing frequency distributions of PAS and of the different Lagrangian variables of the mechano-biological model of platelet activation. Our study indicates that turbulence closures can lead to a severe underestimation of platelet activation and suggests that turbulence should be fully resolved by DNS when assessing blood damage in blood contacting devices.
Entrepreneurial Networks, Entrepreneurial Orientation, and Performance of Small and Medium Enterprises: Are Dynamic Capabilities the Missing Link?
Authors: Abu-Rumman Ayman , Al-Shra'ah Ata E. M. , Al-Madi Faisal , Alfalah Tasneem 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Performance of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) has been addressed widely in the literature. Developed and developing both the countries are highly concerned about the growth and performance of small and medium enterprises. The literature over the performance is abundant, however, has certain controversies. To identify the reasons behind those controversies, this study has been conducted. the aim of the study was to identify the mediating role of dynamic capabilities which are developed by the entrepreneurial networks and entrepreneurial orientation. The study collected the data from those small and medium enterprises which were connected through a closed network and were the part of groups. The data was collected with the help of adopted questionnaire. 100 small and medium enterprises were contacted for the collection of data. The sample firms were chosen on purposive sampling basis. Structural equation modelling was applied to identify the direct impacts and the mediating impact. The findings identified that among the chosen firms, entrepreneurial networking has an insignificant impact, however, entrepreneurial orientation has shown a significant positive impact. Furthermore, the mediating role of dynamic capabilities was significant in both the relationships. The findings suggested that the sector should develop strong networks and should consider strategic alliances to gain competitive edge. Future researchers are guided to implement the same framework along with the dimensions of the variable.
Quantitative Bone Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography Imaging for Uninfected Nonunion: Comparison of Hypertrophic Nonunion and Non-Hypertrophic Nonunion
Authors: Oe Keisuke , Zeng Feibi , Fukui Tomoaki , Nogami Munenobu , Murakami Takamichi , Matsumoto Tomoyuki , Kuroda Ryosuke , Niikura Takahiro 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundRecently, a standardized uptake value (SUV) has been used to evaluate bone single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). The aim of this study was to investigate quantitative SPECT imaging of uninfected nonunion to compare hypertrophic nonunion and non-hypertrophic nonunion using volume-based parameters.MethodsWe evaluated 23 patients with uninfected nonunion who underwent SPECT acquisition 3 h after an injection of 99mTc-hydroxymethylene diphosphonate or 99mTc-methylene diphosphonate from April 2014 to November 2019. We reconstructed the acquired data and performed voxel-based quantitative analysis using GI-BONE software. Quantitative parameters, maximum SUV (SUVmax), peak SUV (SUVpeak), and mean SUV (SUVmean) in the high and low uptake areas of nonunion were compared between hypertrophic nonunion and non-hypertrophic nonunion. The contralateral limb was used as a control, and the ratios of the quantitative parameters were calculated. ResultsThe values for the quantitative parameters (high uptake area/low uptake area, respectively), SUVmax control ratio (12.13 ± 4.95/6.44 ± 4.71), SUVpeak control ratio (11.65 ± 4.58/6.45 ± 4.64), and SUVmean control ratio (11.94 ± 5.03/6.28 ± 4.95) for hypertrophic nonunion were higher than those for non-hypertrophic nonunion (7.82 ± 4.76/3.41 ± 2.09 (p = 0.065/0.12), 7.56 ± 4.51/3.61 ± 2.23 (p = 0.065/0.22), and 7.59 ± 5.18/3.05 ± 1.91 (p = 0.076/0.23). ConclusionsSUVmax, peak, mean control ratios obtained from bone SPECT images can quantitatively evaluate the biological activity of nonunions and may be an effective evaluation method for treatment decisions, especially the necessity of autologous bone grafting.
Effect of Denosumab in Preventing Joint Destruction in Rheumatoid Arthritis With Anti-Cyclic Citrullinated Peptide Antibodies
Authors: Mori Yu , Izumiyama Takuya , Kurishima Hiroaki , Kamimura Masayuki , Baba Kazuyoshi , Mori Naoko , Itoi Eiji 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Introduction: This study aimed to determine the effects of denosumab treatment on the joint destruction of Japanese females with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) antibodies. Materials and Methods: This retrospective longitudinal study included 56 patients treated with denosumab and 50 patients treated with bisphosphonate. All participants were positive for anti-CCP antibodies. All patients also had a history of osteoporosis treatment with bisphosphonate, which was either continued or switched to 60 mg of subcutaneous denosumab injection every 6 months. To assess the progression of joint destruction, hand and foot radiographs were taken, and changes in modified total Sharp score (mTSS), erosion score (ERO) and joint space narrowing score (JSN) were evaluated at 12 months and 24 months. The changes in BMD of the lumbar spine and hip were also assessed at 12 months. Results: At 12 months, there were significant differences in the change of ERO (p = 0.015) and mTSS (p = 0.01). Similarly, there were significant differences in the change of ERO (p = 0.013) and mTSS (p = 0.003) at 24 months. In contrast, no significant difference was observed in the changes of JSN and clinical parameters. There were significant differences in the changes in BMD in the femoral neck (p = 0.011) and total hip (p = 0.012).Conclusion: Denosumab treatment was effective for the inhibition of bone erosion progression, and it contributes to the treatment of osteoporosis and prevention of destructive arthritis in patients with RA.
Surgical Treatment for Patients With Hemophilic Pseudotumor-Related Femoral Fracture: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Chen Keyu , Jiang Guiyong , Xu Yaowen , Yang Yunping , Mao Zexiong , Lv Jiaxin , Liu Fei , Chen Bin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Purpose: Hemophilic pseudotumor (HPT)-related fracture is a rare but severe complication in patients with HPTs. These fractures often occur in femurs. There is no consensus on the standard surgical protocol for HPT-related femoral fracture. The aim of this retrospective study is to evaluate the outcome of these patients treated with surgical interventions.Methods: Ten patients with HPT-related femoral fractures who were treated with 12 surgical procedures in our hospital from Jan 2014 to April 2020 were retrospectively evaluated. Demographic data, fracture location, complications after operation and follow-up outcomes were recorded and analyzed with a mean follow-up period of 39.7 months.Results: Bone union was observed in five patients, an adequate callus was visible in two patients, and three patients underwent amputation. Both of 2 patients with closed reduction external fixation (CREF) had pin infection. Nonunion combined with external fixation (EF) failure occurred in one of whom, and the plate was broken after open reduction internal fixation. Three patients underwent autogenous or allogeneic cortical strut grafting. Three patients had HPT recurrence.Conclusion: It is necessary to perform surgery in patients with HPT-related femoral fractures. Surgical treatments must take both fracture stabilization and HPT resection into account. Internal fixation is preferable and EF should be dismissed unless for the purpose of temporary fixation. If the HPT erodes more than one-third of the bone diameter, struct grafts are necessary for mechanical stability. Amputation is a proper curative method in certain situations.
Hospital-acquired COVID-19: a New Dilemma for the Infection Control Practitioner
Authors: Perez-Alba Eduardo , Nuzzolo-Shihadeh Laura , Padilla-Orozco Magaly , Mendoza-Garza marisela , Camacho-Ortiz Adrián 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundPreliminary reports show that nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 infection is not associated with increased mortality compared with community acquired infection.MethodsRetrospective comparison of COVID-19 adult patients who were classified according to probable time of acquisition of SARS-CoV-2 and symptom onset. Data from hospitalized patients that were hospitalized in non-COVID-19 areas were reviewed.All patients were classified as community-acquired/Community-onset (CA-CO), Community- acquired/hospital-onset (CA-HO) and Hospital-acquired/Hospital-onset (HA-HO) cases. All patients without respiratory symptoms were tested on day one and if negative, hospitalized in non-COVID-19 areas.Results We identified 59 patients that fulfilled the definition of CA-HO or HA-HO COVID-19. Patients in the CA-CO group were less likely to have multiple comorbidities than the patients in the CA-HO and HA-HO groups. Mortality was lower in the CA-CO group (21.8%) compared to the other groups, although it did not reach statistical significance. DiscussionWe identified 9 clusters of HA-HO cases arising from multiple-bed rooms from the non-COVID-19 areas. There was no significant difference for HA-HO COVID-19 between patients placed in a common-room bed compared to patients placed on single bed rooms (p=.19). Nevertheless, the RR for HA-HO COVID-19 was 105 (95% CI 62.9 to 177.6) for patients treated in a common-room allocating another COVID-19-detected patient within the immediate 24 h time frame (P=<0.01).ConclusionHospital-acquired COVID-19 is newly described and poses a challenge for infection control. We identified small clusters related to multiple-bed rooms from non-COVID-19 hospitalization wards and propose a simple time-based classification for hospital surveillance and isolation precautions.
Alveolar Epithelial Cells Involved in Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling and Constriction of Hypoxic Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Wang Yanxia , Li Xiaoming , Niu Wen , Chen Jian , Zhang Bo , Zhang Xiumin , Wang Yingmei , Dang Shaokang , Li Zhichao 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH) is a common type of pulmonary hypertension. Alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) are the first to perceive hypoxia of alveolar, however, the role of AECs in HPH remain unclear. HPH is characterized by pulmonary vascular remodeling and constriction. The present study was to whether AECs was involved in pulmonary vascular remodeling and constriction.Methods: Rat HPH models were built and pulmonary artery smooth cells (PASMCs) and AECs were treatment with hypoxia. Hemodynamic and morphological indicators were measured in samples from rat HPH models. Superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), catalase (CAT) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected in AECs or AECs culture medium. To find out the effect of AECs on pulmonary vascular remodeling and constriction, AECs and PASMCs were co-cultured under hypoxia, PASMCs and isolated pulmonary artery (PA) were treatment with AECs hypoxic culture medium. To explore the mechanism of AECs on pulmonary vascular remodeling and constriction, ROS inhibitor N-acetylcysteine (NAC) was used.Results: In vivo, hypoxia resulted in elevation in pulmonary vascular remodeling and pressure, but had no effect on non-pulmonary vascular. In vitro, hypoxia caused an imbalance of superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) and catalase (CAT) and an increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in AECs, as well as an increase of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in AECs culture medium. Also, AECs led to pulmonary artery smooth cells (PASMCs) proliferation under hypoxia by co-culture or substituting culture medium. AECs hypoxic culture medium enhanced the constriction of isolated pulmonary artery (PA). Further, these responses were abrogated by ROS inhibitor N-acetylcysteine (NAC). Conclusion: The findings of present study demonstrated that AECs involved in pulmonary vascular remodeling and constriction under hypoxia by secreting H2O2 to the pulmonary microenvironment.
Harmonizing Healthcare and Other Resource Measures for Evaluating Economic Costs in Substance Use Disorder Research
Authors: Papp Michelle Alexandra , Leff Jared A. , Murphy Sean M. , Yang April , Crane Heidi M , Metsch Lisa R. , Rio Carlos Del , Feaster Daniel J. , Rich Josiah D. , Schackman Bruce R. , McCollister Kathryn E. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Standardization and harmonization of healthcare resource utilization data can improve evaluations of the economic impact of treating people with substance use disorder (SUD), including reductions in use of expensive hospital and emergency department (ED) services, and can ensure consistency with current cost-effectiveness and cost-benefit analysis guidelines. Methods: We examined self-reported healthcare and other resource utilization data collected at baseline from three National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)-funded Seek, Test, Treat, Retain intervention studies of individuals living with/at risk for HIV with SUD. Costs were calculated by multiplying mean healthcare resource utilization measures by monetary conversion factors reflecting cost per unit of care. We normalized baseline recall timeframes to past 30 days and evaluated for missing data. Results: We identified measures that are feasible and appropriate for estimating healthcare sector costs including ED visits, inpatient hospital and residential facility stays, and outpatient encounters. We also identified two self-reported measures to inform societal costs (days experiencing SUD problems, participant spending on substances). Missingness was 8% or less for all study measures and was lower for single questions measuring utilization in a recall period.Conclusions: We recommend including measures representing units of service with specific recall periods (e.g., 6 months vs. lifetime), and collecting healthcare resource utilization data using single-question measures to reduce missingness.