bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Weight Loss Experiences of Obese Individuals; Qualitative Study
Authors: DÖNER GÜNER Pınar , KAHVECİ Rabia , AKSOY Hilal , ÖZKARA Adem 
Published: October 2019

Objectives: Obesity is a leading preventable cause of
death worldwide. Being overweight or obese has a serious impact on health.
Treatment of obesity needs a comprehensive approach. Biopsychosocial approach
of family physicians is invaluable in obesity management. This study was
performed in order to find answers to “why”, “how’’ and “when’’ our patients
became obese.

Methods:We
conducted in-depth, semi-structured, face to face interviews with 30
participants (BMI&gt;30). Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed, and
qualitatively analysed using a thematic framework method.

Results:26
women and 4 men accepted to join our study. Analysis of indepth interviews
emerged 5 major themes which were the different perception of obesity among
individuals; awareness of obesity; loss of selfconfidence; belief in treatment
and effects on quality of life.

Conclusion:Each
patient has a different need and different expectation while controlling
weight. As a part of biopsychosocial approach the family physician needs to
understand the factors that bring the patient to current condition and see
which approach would be the best for individual patient for weight management.
El buen vivir y los derechos constitucionales dentro del estado constitucional y democrático en Colombia
Authors: Cárdenas-Hernández Carlos Alfonso , Hernández Zorro Juan Pablo 
Published: October 2019

Por medio del presente artículo se quiere referenciar la relevancia teórico- práctica de los derechos constitucionales en la búsqueda del buen vivir, en el ámbito de un Estado Constitucional y democrático con la interacción permanente entre el poder Constituyente y el poder constituido. Además, acompañado de la interpretación constitucional como soporte para el juez constitucional dentro del ejercicio de garantía y protección de los derechos constitucionales junto con la evolución al neoconstitucionalismo.
A foodborne outbreak of gastroenteritis caused by Norovirus and Bacillus cereus at a university in the Shunyi District of Beijing, China 2018: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Chen Dongwan , Li Yongjin , Lv Jinchang , Liu Xiufeng , Gao Peng , Zhen Guoxin , Zhang Wenzeng , Wu Dan , Jing Hongbo , Li Ying , Zhao Yao , Ma Xiaochen , Ma Huilai , Zhang Lijie 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background On September 4, 2018, a boarding school in the Shunyi District of Beijing, China reported an outbreak of acute gastroenteritis. At least 209 suspected students caused of diarrhea and vomiting. The case was investigated, and control measures were taken to prevent further spread. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted among the school students and staff in order to test hypothesis that high risk of food served at the school canteen. We collected information on demographics, refectory records, person to person transmission by uniform epidemiological questionnaire. Risk ratios (RR) and 95% conﬁdence intervals (CI) were calculated. Stool specimens of cases and canteen employees, retained food, water, and environmental swabs were investigated by laboratory analysis. Results We identiﬁed 209 cases (including 28 laboratory-confirmed cases) which occurred from August 29 to September 10. All cases were students, and the average age was 20, 52% were male. The outbreak lasted for 13 days, and peaked on September 5. Consumption of Drinks stall and Rice flour stall on September 1 (RR:3.4, 95%CI:1.5-7.8, and RR:7.6, 95%CI:2.8-20.2), Rice flour stall and Fish meal stall on September 2 (RR:4.0, 95%CI:1.2-13.6, and RR:4.6, 95%CI:1.7-12.5), muslim meal stall on September 4 (RR:2.7, 95%CI:1.3-5.4), Barbeque stall on September 5 (RR:3.0, 95%CI:1.2-7.0) were independently associated with increased risk of disease within the following 2 days. Among 35 specimens of rectal swabs or feces from students, 28 specimens were positive. Norovirus GI.6 alone was detected in 23 specimens, Bacillus cereus alone in 3 specimens and both norovirus GI.6 and Bacillus cereus in 2 specimens. 10 specimens of rectal swabs from canteen employees were positive for norovirus GI, and 2 specimens were positive for Bacillus cereus. Four retained food specimens were positive for Bacillus cereus, and environmental samples were negative for any viruses or bacteria. Conclusion Our investigation indicated that canteen employees were infected by two pathogens (norovirus and Bacillus cereus) and transmission may have been possible due to unhygienic practices. Student consumption of food or drink at high-risk stalls was determined as the probable cause of the outbreak.
Radiological Appearance of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Predicts the Response to Trans-arterial Chemoembolization in Patients Undergoing Liver Transplantation
Authors: Zhang Wei , Xu An-Hui , Wang Wei , Wu Yan-Hui , Sun Qian-Ling , Shu Chang 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: The ultimate goal of locoregional therapy (LRT) to the liver is to induce total tumor necrosis. Trans-arterial chemoembolization (TACE) is the mainstay bridging therapy for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) waiting for liver transplantation (LT). However, tumor response rate is variable. The purpose of this study was to correlate HCC radiological appearance with level of tumor necrosis during explant analysis from patients undergoing LT who received pre-LT TACE.

Methods: From January 2000 to December 2018, a total of 66 patients with HCC who had been treated prior to LT by means of TACE were analyzed. Diagnosis of HCC was made based on AASLD guidelines and confirmed via histopathology explant analysis. Radiologic tumor response after TACE was based on modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (mRECIST). Degree of tumor necrosis was determined by histopathology analysis of liver explants. HCC radiological appearances on CT before TACE were assessed and correlated with histological findings after LT.

Results: Eighty nine TACE procedures (1.35±0.67; 1-4) were performed, of which 18 were repeated TACE (27.3%) procedures. In 56.1% of the patients, ≥90% (near-complete) tumor necrosis was achieved. Concordance between mRECIST criteria and pathology was observed in 63% of the patients, with an underestimation of tumor response in 18 (27%) patients and an overestimation in 6 (9.1%). Near-complete tumor necrosis upon pathological analysis was associated with tumor hyper-enhancement in the arterial phase (P=0.002), “typical tumor enhancement” (P=0.010) and smooth tumor margins (p=0.011). The multivariate analysis showed that well circumscribed HCCs with smooth margins and arterial hyper-enhancement independently correlated with post-TACE near-complete histological tumor necrosis.

Conclusion s : The well circumscribed HCC lesions with arterial hyper-enhancement are more susceptible to TACE than lesions with arterial phase iso or hypo-enhancement and lesions with infiltrative appearance. Pre-TACE CT imaging may ease the selection of an optimal treatment strategy for bridging patients with HCC to liver transplantation.
Template-switching artifacts resemble alternative polyadenylation
Authors: Balázs Zsolt , Tombácz Dóra , Csabai Zsolt , Moldován Norbert , Snyder Michael , Boldogkői Zsolt 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: Alternative polyadenylation is commonly examined using cDNA sequencing, which is known to be affected by template-switching artifacts. However, the effects of such template-switching artifacts on alternative polyadenylation are generally disregarded, while alternative polyadenylation artifacts are attributed to internal priming.
Results: Here, we analyzed both long-read cDNA sequencing and direct RNA sequencing data of two organisms, generated by different sequencing platforms. We developed a filtering algorithm which takes into consideration that template-switching can be a source of artifactual polyadenylation when filtering out spurious polyadenylation sites. The algorithm outperformed the conventional internal priming filters based on comparison to direct RNA sequencing data. We also showed that the polyadenylation artifacts arise in cDNA sequencing at consecutive stretches of as few as three adenines. There was no substantial difference between the lengths of poly(A) tails at the artifactual and the true transcriptional end sites even though it is expected that internal priming artifacts have shorter poly(A) tails than genuine polyadenylated reads.
Conclusions: Our findings suggest that template switching plays an important role in the generation of spurious polyadenylation and support the need for more rigorous filtering of artifactual polyadenylation sites in cDNA data, or that alternative polyadenylation should be annotated using native RNA sequencing.
Evaluation of the Teaching Recovery Techniques community-based intervention for unaccompanied refugee youth experiencing post-traumatic stress symptoms (Swedish UnaccomPanied yOuth Refugee Trial; SUPpORT): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Sarkadi Anna , Warner Georgina , Salari Raziye , Fängström Karin , Durbeej Natalie , Lampa Elin , Baghdasaryan Zaruhi , Osman Fatumo , Gupta Sandra , Aronsson Anna Perez , Feldman Inna , Sampaio Filipa , Ssegonja Richard , Calam Rachel , Bjarta Anna , Leiler Anna , Rondung Elisabet , Wasteson Elisabet , Oppedal Brit , Keeshin Brooks 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background In 2015, 162 877 persons sought asylum in Sweden, 35 369 of whom were unaccompanied refugee minors (URM). Refugee children, especially URM, have often experienced traumas and are at significant risk of developing mental health problems, such as symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression and anxiety, which can continue years after resettlement. The Swedish UnaccomPanied yOuth Refugee Trial (SUPpORT) aims to evaluate a community-based intervention, called ‘Teaching Recovery Techniques’ (TRT), for refugee youth experiencing PTSD symptoms. Methods/Design A randomised controlled trial will be conducted in which participants will be randomly allocated to one of two possible arms: the intervention arm (n = 109) will be offered the TRT programme, and the waitlist-control arm (n = 109) will receive services as usual, followed by the TRT programme around 20 weeks later. Outcome data will be collected at three points: pre-intervention (T1), post-intervention (T2; c.8 weeks after randomisation) and follow-up (T3; c.20 weeks after randomisation). Discussion This study will provide knowledge about the effect and efficiency of a group intervention for URM reporting symptoms of PTSD in Sweden.
Obtaining and managing data sets for individual participant data meta-analysis: scoping review and practical guide
Authors: Ventresca Matthew , Schünemann Holger J , Macbeth Fergus , Clarke Mike , Thabane Lehana , Griffiths Gareth , Noble Simon , Garcia David , Marcucci Maura , Iorio Alfonso , Zhou Qi , Crowther Mark , Akl Elie A , Lyman Gary H , Gloy Viktoria , Nisio Marcello Di , Briel Matthias 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background Shifts in data sharing policy have increased researchers’ access to individual participant data (IPD) from clinical studies. Simultaneously the number of IPD meta-analyses (IPDMAs) is increasing. However, rates of data retrieval have not improved. Our goal was to describe the challenges of retrieving IPD for an IPDMA and provide practical guidance based on a review of the literature and practical examples and observations. Methods We systematically searched MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Library to identify publications focused on strategies to obtain IPD. In addition, we searched pharmaceutical websites and contacted industry organizations for supplemental information pertaining to recent advances in industry policy and practice. Finally, we documented setbacks and solutions encountered while completing a comprehensive IPDMA and drew on previous experiences related to seeking and using IPD. Results Our scoping review identified 16 articles directly relevant for the conduct of IPDMAs. We present short descriptions of these articles alongside overviews of IPD sharing policies and procedures of pharmaceutical companies which display certification of Principles for Responsible Clinical Trial Data Sharing via Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America or European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations websites. Advances in data sharing policy and practice affected the way in which data is requested, obtained, stored and analyzed For our IPDMA it took 6.5 years to collect and analyze relevant IPD and navigate additional administrative barriers. Delays in obtaining data were largely due to challenges in communication with study sponsors, frequent changes in data sharing policies of study sponsors, and the requirement for a diverse skillset related to research, administrative, statistical and legal issues. Conclusions Knowledge of current data sharing practices and platforms as well as anticipation of necessary tasks and potential obstacles may reduce time and resources required for an IPDMA. Sufficient project funding and timeline flexibility are pre-requisites for successful collection and analysis of IPD. IPDMA researchers must acknowledge the additional and unexpected responsibility they are placing on study authors or data sharing administrators and should offer assistance in readying data for sharing.
Phytochrome B regulates seed germination by integrating light and temperature signals in Nicotiana tabacum L.
Authors: Li Zhenhua , Wang Xianya , Liu Yiling , Zhang Min 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: Phytochrome is the most abundant photoreceptor in Arabidopsis thaliana ( Arabidopsis ), which integrates light and temperature signals, and in turn regulates plant development. However, the exact pattern of integrated signals during seed germination remains unknown. In this study, we analyzed the effect of NtPHYB1 genotype in response to ecological environments in Nicotiana tabacum L.
Results: The germination frequencies of WT seeds showed at least no significant difference, and were significantly higher than that of NtPHYB1 - GFP and NtPHYB1 -RNAi seeds in some environments or. According to the maximum germination frequency , germination of NtPHYB1 - GFP seeds was mainly inhibited by continuous light exposure, while the germination of NtPHYB1- RNAi seeds was repressed by low temperature and no light (darkness) exposure. At 15ºC, the germinations of all three genotypic seeds were inhibited by the low-temperature, and the germination frequency of NtPHYB1 - GFP seeds was significantly lower than that of WT and NtPHYB1 -RNAi seeds; while light signal had no effect at 15ºC. At 20 and 25ºC, the temperature signal promoted germination, and the signal of light was dispensable. At this condition, the maximum germination frequencies were obtained for NtPHYB1 - GFP and WT seeds. At 30 and 35ºC, the light signal was indispensable to maintain seed germination for all three genotypic seeds. At this condition, NtPHYB1 -RNAi seeds reached the maximum germination frequency.
Conclusion: Phytochrome B regulates seed germination by integrating light and temperature signals. The above results elucidate why warm spring and autumn (about 25ºC) are more suitable for sowing compared to cool winters (less than 15ºC) and hot summers (greater than 30ºC).
Association between the polymorphism of MMP-1 gene with knee osteoarthritis risk: a meta-analysis
Authors: Lu Feifan , Liu Pei , Wang Weiguo , Zhang Qidong , Guo Wanshou 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: The existing studies on the association between polymorphisms of Matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) (-1607 1G/2G) (rs1799750) polymorphism and the risk of knee osteoarthritis (OA, a complex multifactorial disease and a major degenerative form of arthritis) in different populations have yielded conflicting findings. Method: Literature search was performed in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of science, Google Scholar (From January 1990 to June 2019), and assessing this association by calculating odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals. Subgroup analyses stratified by ethnicity were also conducted. Statistical heterogeneity was quantitatively evaluated by X 2 test with the significance set P<0.10 or I 2 >50%. Result: Five case-control based studies (924 cases and 928 controls) were included. The results suggested that the MMP-1 (-1607 1G/2G) (rs1799750) gene polymorphisms were not associated with knee OA risk in all genetic models (Allele model OR =1.22, 95% CI: 0.72-1.76, p=0.615, Recessive model OR = 1.12, 95% CI: 0.70-2.15, p=0.486, and Dominant model OR = 1.14, 95%CI: 0.64-2.04, p=0.659, Figure 3-5) Conclusions: There is no association between the polymorphism of MMP-1 (-1607 1G/2G) (rs1799750) polymorphism with the risk of knee osteoarthritis, a large number of studies may be necessary to verify this association in different populations and environmental factors.
Association of Maternal Ethnicity and Urbanicity on Severe Pediatric Disease: A Nationwide Cohort Study
Authors: Chang Ya-Ting , Wang Huei-Shyong , Liu Jia-Rou , Tseng Chi-Nan , Chou I-Jun , Luo Shue-Fen , Kuo Chang-Fu , See Lai-Chu 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background A healthy migrant effect on birth outcomes has been reported, however, whether this protective effect persists throughout childhood is unknown. The effect of urbanicity on child health among an immigrant population is unclear. Objectives We compared the incidence rate and cumulative incidence of severe diseases among urban children of Taiwan-born mothers, rural children of Taiwan-born mothers, urban children of foreign-born mothers, and rural children of foreign-born mothers. Methods A nationwide cohort study was conducted for children born in Taiwan during 2004-2011 and follow-up till age 4 to 11 years old by linkage the Taiwan Birth Registry 2004-2011, Taiwan Death Registry 2004-2015, and National Health Insurance Research Database 2004-2015. Cox proportional hazards model (multivariable) was used to examine differences among the four study groups. Results There were 682,982 urban children of Taiwan-born mothers, 662,818 rural children of Taiwan-born mothers, 61,570 urban children of foreign-born mothers, 87,473 rural children of foreign-born mothers. Children of foreign-born mothers had a lower incidence of vasculitis, mainly Kawasaki disease. The incidences of congenital disorders did not differ between children of foreign-born mothers and children of Taiwan-born mothers. The incidence of psychotic disorders was higher in urban children. However, children in rural areas had a higher incidence of major trauma/burn and a higher mortality rate. Conclusions A healthy migrant effect was only seen for Kawasaki disease. The mental health of urban children born to immigrant mothers warrants concern.
Heart rate and oxygen saturation in children at high altitudes. A differential response between natives and non-natives at 3500 m.
Authors: Lopez Vasthi , Moraga Daniel , Calderon-Jofré Rodrigo , Moraga Fernando 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Objective. To determine if there is a difference between the cardiorespiratory response of children who chronically live at high altitude (Aymaras and non-Aymaras) compared to children that arrive as tourist at a high altitude of 3500 m (Putre, Chile). Subjects. Children (Aymaras and non-Aymaras) who were born and live in Putre and children who came to the same location for a tourist visit. Materials and Methods. Oxygen saturation (%) and heart rate (HR, bpm) were evaluated by pulse oxymetry in children from Putre. Results. Similar levels of oxygen saturation were observed among chronic Aymaras and non-Aymara children. A lower oxygen saturation was found in children with acute exposure when compared with chronic children (p<0.0001). The HR of Aymaras and nonAymara chronic children was lower than that observed in the non-native children (p<0.05). In contrast acute children had a higher HR than chronic children (p<0.001). Negative relationships were observed with correlation values (p<0.01) between oxygen saturation and HR in all groups. Conclusion. Chronic Aymara children exhibited a higher slope and correlation between oxygen saturation vs HR compared to chronic children who are non-Aymaras, suggesting that chronic natives are more sensitive to hypoxia. And, chronic non-Aymara children have an early blunting response to hypoxia. Further studies are needed to understand the physiological mechanisms in this population group.
How parents cope with the care of a child with epilepsy: Based upon grounded theory
Authors: nematollahi Monirsadat , Rabori Roghayeh Mehdi pour , Keshavarz Fatemeh , bagherian behnaz 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Abstract: parents of children with seizure have to face the complicated health issues of their children. Coping strategies of parents as major care providers impact not only their handling of stresses on themselves, but also the children’s quality of life. This study investigated the coping processes of parents of children with seizure at two educational hospitals affiliated with the Kerman University of Medical Sciences in Iran. Method: Twenty parents (15 mothers and 5fathers) and three nurses were selected using the purposive sampling method. Data was collected using qualitative semi-structured interviews and analyzed using the method suggested by Corbin and Strauss. Interviews were conducted until thematic saturation was achieved. Results: The adaptation process had five phases: “Disbelief, Patience on what happened , patient on what happened, change to preserve, and acceptance of the current situation by the parents and her child and empowerment”. In summary, parents of children with seizure have a 5-phase coping strategy. Core category is achieved “continued efforts of parents to restore calm”. Conclusion: Properly assessing the stresses on parents of children with seizure and their coping strategies may help medical staff and social services provide more targeted support and promote the balance of the family function.