bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ruthenium‐Hydride Assisted Remarkable Diversity Towards Non‐Spectator Feature of Benzodifuroxan
Authors: Dey Sanchaita , Panda Sanjib , Lahiri Goutam Kumar 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe present article demonstrates that ruthenium‐hydride [RuII(H)(Cl)(CO)(PPh3)3] mediated diverse functionalization modes of benzodifuroxan (BDF) encompassing two furoxan rings. Hydride transfer from the metal precursor facilitated multiple cascade reactions involving unsymmetrical cleavage of the furoxan rings of BDF, leading to the one‐pot formation of a series of ruthenium (II) coordinated functionalized ligands exhibiting bidentate κ2‐N,O, κ2‐N,N′ and bis‐bidentate μ‐bis(κ2‐N,O) modes. Further, a moderately stable intermediate species was also encountered in the reaction sequence in which the transformed deoxygenated ligand coordinated to the metal ion via the rarely manifested furazan ring (κ2‐N,N′′ mode). The products were authenticated by their single‐crystal X‐ray structures and other spectroscopic/analytical techniques. Redox non‐innocence of the functionalized ligands in the complexes was illustrated by spectroelectrochemistry (cyclic voltammmetry, UV‐Vis. and EPR) in conjunction with DFT/TD‐DFT calculations. Mechanistic outline for the facile ring opening processes of BDF including interconversions of complexes (e. g. reductive ring opening) were also addressed.
Zum Einsatz von ZFSV im Fernwärmeleitungsbau
Authors: Weidlich Ingo 
Published: August 2020

AbstractZeitweise fließfähige selbstverdichtende Verfüllbaustoffe (ZFSV) sind Verfüllbaustoffe aus Böden und Baustoffen, die nur unter dem Einfluss der Schwerkraft in Hohlräume fließen und nach einem definierten Zeitraum den Anwendungen entsprechende physikalische Eigenschaften aufweisen. Im Leitungsbau kommen ZFSV zum Einsatz, um bei der offenen Bauweise den Graben zu verfüllen. Vorbehalte gegenüber der Übertragbarkeit vorhandener Berechnungsmethoden für die Rohrstatik und die dauerhafte Gewährleistung der Wiederaushubfestigkeit führten zu einem bis heute andauernden Akzeptanzproblem dieser Verlegemethode im Fernwärmeleitungsbau. Da sich Fernwärmeleitungen nach der Installation infolge eines thermischen Belastungskollektivs im Betrieb ausdehnen, interagieren diese Leitungen immer mit dem anstehenden Bettungsmaterial. Mit dem vorliegenden Aufsatz wird ein Einblick in den Stand des Wissens gegeben und ein vereinfachter Berechnungsansatz vorgeschlagen, der neben deutlich komplexeren Modellen steht und daher die Möglichkeit bietet, aufgrund der Einfachheit Akzeptanzprobleme zu überwinden.
International variation in managing locally advanced or recurrent rectal cancer: prospective benchmark analysis
Authors: Denost Q , Solomon M , Tuech J-J , Ghouti L , Cotte E , Panis Y , Lelong B , Rouanet P , Faucheron J-L , Jafari M , Lefevre J H , Rullier E , Heriot A , Austin K , Lee P , Brown W , Maillou-Martinaud H , Savel H , Quintard B , Broc G , Saillour-Glénisson F 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background
Tumour extension beyond the mesorectal plane (ymrT4) occurs in 5–10 per cent of patients with rectal cancer and 10 per cent of patients develop locally recurrent rectal cancer (LRRC) after primary surgery. There is global variation in healthcare delivery for these conditions.

Methods
An international benchmark trial of the management of ymrT4 tumours and LRRC was undertaken in France and Australia between 2015 and 2017. Heterogeneity in management and operative decision-making were analysed by comparison of surgical resection rates, blinded intercountry reading of pelvic MRI, quality-of-life assessment and qualitative evaluations.

Results
Among 154 patients (97 in France and 57 in Australia), 31·8 per cent had ymrT4 disease and 68·2 per cent LRRC. The surgical resection rates were 88 and 79 per cent in France and Australia respectively (P = 0·112). The concordance in operative planning was low (κ = 0·314); the rate of pelvic exenteration was lower in France than Australia both in clinical practice (36 of 78 versus 34 of 40; P &lt; 0·001) and in theoretical conditions (10 of 25 versus 50 of 57; P = 0·002). The R0 resection rate was lower in France than Australia for LRRC (25 of 49 versus 18 of 21; P = 0·007) but not for ymrT4 tumours (21 of 26 versus 15 of 15; P = 0·139). Morbidity rates were similar. Patients who underwent non-exenterative procedures had higher scores on the mental functioning subscale at 12 months (P = 0·047), and a lower level of distress at 6 months (P = 0·049). Qualitative analysis highlighted five categories of psychosocial factors influencing treatment decisions: patient, strategy, specialist, organization and culture.

Conclusion
This international benchmark trial has highlighted the differences in worldwide treatment of locally advanced and LRRC. Standardized care should improve outcomes for these patients.
MiR‐5683 suppresses glycolysis and proliferation through targeting pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 in gastric cancer
Authors: Miao Yongchang , Li Qing , Sun Guangli , Wang Lu , Zhang Diancai , Xu Hao , Xu Zekuan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractGastric cancer (GC) is one of the most deadly malignancies at global scale, and is particularly common in eastern Asia. MicroRNA‐5683 (miR‐5683) was confirmed to be downregulated in GC by analyzing data from the Cancer Genome Atlas. We packaged miR‐5683‐mimics and miR‐5683‐inhibitors into lentivirus vectors and transfected them into GC cells. MiR‐5683 expression and possible target genes were detected by employing quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction. In vitro, cell proliferation and apoptosis were analyzed using CCK‐8, colony formation assay, and flow cytometric assay. We verified the direct interaction between miR‐5683 and the possible downstream target gene pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4) through luciferase reporter assay. The role of miR‐5683 in vivo was explored by injecting stably transfected GC cells subcutaneously into nude mice. Here we show that miR‐5683 was downregulated in GC and the decreased level of miR‐5683 enhances GC cell proliferation and impairs apoptosis. Tumor oncogene PDK4, which is associated with GC overall survival and disease‐free survival, has been identified as the target gene of miR‐5683. Besides, we demonstrate that the inhibition of miR‐5683 promotes glycolysis by upregulating the PDK4 expression, thus leading to GC progression. Our study determines that miR‐5683 represses GC glycolysis and progression through targeting PDK4. MiR‐5683 overexpression may thus become a new treatment strategy for GC.
Tetrandrine sensitizes nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells to irradiation by inducing autophagy and inhibiting MEK/ERK pathway
Authors: Wang Jun , Yao Zhouzhou , Lai Xiaoping , Bao Hongwei , Li Yue , Li Shuaixiang , Chang Lihong , Zhang Gehua 
Published: August 2020

AbstractRadioresistance was the main reason for local recurrence and metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Tetrandrine is reported as an antitumor drug via inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. In this study, the radiosensitization effects of maximum noncytotoxic doses of tetrandrine in nasopharyngeal carcinoma were analyzed both in vitro and in vivo, using MTT assay, western blot, TUNEL, and HE staining. It was found that the maximum dose of tetrandrine inhibited the phosphorylation of ERK and MEK induced by irradiation, and significantly enhanced irradiation‐induced cell growth inhibition in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells CNE1, CNE2, and C666‐1. The ERK activator and overexpression of ERK reversed the radiosensitization effect of tetrandrine. About 50 mg/kg of tetrandrine which was used as the maximum noncytotoxic dose of tetrandrine in vivo, enhanced the radiosensitivity of the xenograft tumor and increased the apoptosis rate of the xenograft tumor cells caused by irradiation, while did not raise the side effect of the treatment. Moreover, tetrandrine increased autophagy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. These results suggested that the maximum noncytotoxic dose of tetrandrine sensitized nasopharyngeal carcinoma to irradiation by inhibiting MEK/ERK pathway and inducing autophagy.
Immunosuppressive role of CD11b+CD33+HLA‐DR− myeloid‐derived suppressor cells‐like blast subpopulation in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Hyun Shin Young , Na Eun Jung , Jang Ji Eun , Chung Haerim , Kim Soo Jeong , Kim Jin Seok , Kong Jee Hyun , Shim Kwang Yong , Lee Jong In , Min Yoo Hong , Cheong June‐Won 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectiveMyeloid‐derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) facilitate tumor growth and development by suppressing T cell function; however, their role in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains unclear. Here, we investigated the immunosuppressive role and prognostic value of blasts with an MDSC‐like phenotype.MethodsCD11b+CD33+HLA‐DR− MDSC‐like blasts from bone marrow mononuclear cells of patients with AML were analyzed. To investigate their T cell‐suppressing function, MDSC‐like blasts were isolated using flow cytometry and co‐cultured with CD8+ cytotoxic T cells and NB4 leukemic cells. Treatment outcomes were then compared between the MDSC‐like blasts low (≤9.76%) and high (>9.76%) groups to identify clinical significance.ResultsMDSC‐like blasts showed higher expression of arginase‐1 and inducible nitric oxide synthase. Isolated MDSC‐like blasts significantly suppressed CD8+ T cell proliferation induced by phytohemagglutinin A. NB4 cell proliferation was significantly suppressed upon co‐culture with CD8+ cytotoxic T cells and partially restored upon co‐culture with MDSC‐like blasts. Patients with high MDSC‐like blasts at diagnosis showed substantially shorter overall survival and leukemia‐free survival relative to low MDSC‐like blasts patients, with subgroup analysis showing statistically significant differences in patients not receiving allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.ConclusionWe demonstrated that MDSC‐like blasts drive AML‐specific immune‐escape mechanisms by suppressing T cell proliferation and restoring T cell‐suppressed NB4 cell proliferation, with clinically higher fractions of MDSC‐like blasts at diagnosis resulting in poor prognosis.
Identification of small molecule drugs and development of a novel autophagy‐related prognostic signature for kidney renal clear cell carcinoma
Authors: Xing Qianwei , Ji Chengjian , Zhu Bingye , Cong Rong , Wang Yi 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAbnormal autophagic levels have been implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple cancers, however, its role in tumors is complex and has not yet been explored clearly. Hence, we aimed to explore the prognostic values of autophagy‐related genes (ARGs) for kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC). Differentially expressed ARGs and transcription factors (TFs) were identified in KIRC patients obtaining from the The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Then, networks between TFs and ARGs, gene ontology functional annotations and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis were conducted. Next, we performed consensus clustering, COX regression analysis and Lasso regression analysis to identify the prognostic ARGs. Finally, an individual prognostic index (PI, riskScore) was established. Based on TCGA cohort and ArrayExpress cohort, Survival analysis, ROC curve, independent prognostic analysis, and clinical correlation analysis were also performed to evaluate this PI. Based on differentially expressed ARGs, KIRC patients were successfully divided into two clusters (P = 5.916e‐04). AS for PI, it was constructed based on 11 ARGs and significantly classified KIRC patients into high‐risk group and low‐risk group in terms of OS (P = 4.885e‐15 for TCGA cohort, P = 6.366e‐03 for ArrayExpress cohort). AUC of its ROC curve reached 0.747 for TCGA cohort and 0.779 for ArrayExpress cohort. What's more, this PI was proven to be a valuable independent prognostic factor in both univariate and multivariate COX regression analysis (P < .001). Prognostic nomograms were also performed to visualize the relationship between individual predictors and survival rates in patients with KIRC. By means of connectivity map database, emetine, cephaeline and co‐dergocrine mesilate related to ARGs were found to be negatively correlated with KIRC. This study provided an effective PI for KIRC and also displayed networks between TFs and ARGs. KIRC patients were successfully divided into two clusters based on differentially expressed ARGs. Besides, small molecule drugs related to ARGs were also identified for KIRC.
In‐hospital stroke after transcatheter aortic valve implantation: A UK observational cohort analysis
Authors: Myat Aung , Buckner Luke , Mouy Florence , Cockburn James , Baumbach Andreas , Banning Adrian P. , Blackman Daniel J. , Curzen Nick , MacCarthy Philip , Mullen Michael , de Belder Mark , Cox Ian , Kovac Jan , Brecker Stephen , Turner Mark , Khogali Saib , Malik Iqbal S. , Alsanjari Osama , Redwood Simon , Prendergast Bernard , Trivedi Uday , Robinson Derek , Ludman Peter , de Belder Adam , Hildick‐Smith David 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectivesWe sought to identify baseline demographics and procedural factors that might independently predict in‐hospital stroke following transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI).BackgroundStroke is a recognized, albeit infrequent, complication of TAVI. Established predictors of procedure‐related in‐hospital stroke; however, remain poorly defined.MethodsWe conducted an observational cohort analysis of the multicenter UK TAVI registry. The primary outcome measure was the incidence of in‐hospital stroke.ResultsA total of 8,652 TAVI procedures were performed from 2007 to 2015. There were 205 in‐hospital strokes reported by participating centers equivalent to an overall stroke incidence of 2.4%. Univariate analysis showed that the implantation of balloon‐expandable valves caused significantly fewer strokes (balloon‐expandable 96/4,613 [2.08%] vs. self‐expandable 95/3,272 [2.90%]; p = .020). After multivariable analysis, prior cerebrovascular disease (CVD) (odds ratio [OR] 1.51, 95% confidence interval [CI 1.05–2.17]; p = .03), advanced age at time of operation (OR 1.02 [0.10–1.04]; p = .05), bailout coronary stenting (OR 5.94 [2.03–17.39]; p = .008), and earlier year of procedure (OR 0.93 [0.87–1.00]; p = .04) were associated with an increased in‐hospital stroke risk. There was a reduced stroke risk in those who had prior cardiac surgery (OR 0.62 [0.41–0.93]; p = .01) and a first‐generation balloon‐expandable valve implanted (OR 0.72 [0.53–0.97]; p = .03). In‐hospital stroke significantly increased 30‐day (OR 5.22 [3.49–7.81]; p < .001) and 1‐year mortality (OR 3.21 [2.15–4.78]; p < .001).ConclusionsIn‐hospital stroke after TAVI is associated with substantially increased early and late mortality. Factors independently associated with in‐hospital stroke were previous CVD, advanced age, no prior cardiac surgery, and deployment of a predominantly first‐generation self‐expandable transcatheter heart valve.
Characterization of differences between microwave and traditional thermal sterilization to prevent fungal spoilage during storage of high‐moisture paddy rice
Authors: Tian Tian , Zhang Bin , Chen Shangbing , Tao Tingting , Liu Qiang , Liu Bing , Yuan Jian , Ding Chao 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackground and objectivesCharacteristic difference between microwave (MW; 2.45 GHz, 1.5 W/g) and traditional thermal (TT; water bath, 100°C) sterilization on representative fungi (Aspergillus candidus, Aspergillus glaucus, Penicillium chrysogenum, Alternaria alternata, and Fusarium nivale) on high‐moisture paddy rice was evaluated by observing heat absorption of rice surface, fungal mortality, growth, and cell permeation.FindingsUsing MW (2.45 GHz, 1.5 W/g) can inhibit the growth of fungi, such as Aspergillus candidus. Under our experimental conditions, MW radiation was effective for safe storage of high‐moisture rice with fungal mortality of 95%. Fungal dehydrogenase activities after MW treatment were nearly 50% lower than fungal dehydrogenase activities after TT. Both MW and TT at the same temperature (60°C) can inhibit the growth of fungal spores. However, MW had better inhibitory effect, which is conducive to the safe storage of high‐moisture paddy rice.ConclusionsMicrowave and TT sterilization destroy fungal cell, causing substantial cell leakage and death. MW is more destructive to organisms on high‐moisture paddy rice than TT, which may be due to the nonthermal effects of MW.Significance and noveltyCompared with TT, MW has better sterilization and could prevent fungal contamination in high‐moisture paddy rice storage and other cereals.
Encapsulated Li3VO4/Carbon with a Continuous Conductive Carbon Framework as an Anode for High‐Performance Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Li Shi , Qu Ziteng , Luo Shi , Guo Ye , Wan Zhongmin , Kong Xiangzhong 
Published: August 2020

AbstractLi3VO4 is considered to be one of the most promising anodes for lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs), because of its high theoretical capacity and suitable lithium‐inserting potential. Nevertheless, low conductivity and huge volume change leads to fast capacity fading, limiting its practical applications. Herein, continuous conductive carbon framework encapsulated Li3VO4 (LVO−C) has been fabricated by using a facile ball‐milling and calcination method. Owing to its unique structure, the intrinsic drawbacks of Li3VO4 have been suppressed and the electrochemical performance has been enhanced. When used as an anode for LIBs, LVO−C exhibits excellent cycling stability and rate capability. The enhanced Li+ storage properties could be ascribed to the continuous carbon framework and protected carbon layers, which accelerate electron transportation and avoid the aggregations of Li3VO4 particles. This fabrication strategy provides insight into the mass production of advanced electrodes for LIBs.
Beyond p‐Hexaphenylenes: Synthesis of Unsubstituted p‐Nonaphenylene by a Precursor Protocol
Authors: Abdulkarim Ali , Nathusius Marvin , Bäuerle Rainer , Strunk Karl‐Philipp , Beck Sebastian , Räder Hans Joachim , Pucci Annemarie , Melzer Christian , Jänsch Daniel , Freudenberg Jan , Bunz Uwe H. F. , Müllen Klaus 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe synthesis of unsubstituted oligo‐para‐phenylenes (OPP) exceeding para‐hexaphenylene—in the literature often referred to as p‐sexiphenyl—has long remained elusive due to their insolubility. We report the first preparation of unsubstituted para‐nonaphenylenes (9PPs) by extending our precursor route to poly‐para‐phenylenes (PPP) to a discrete oligomer. Two geometric isomers of methoxylated syn‐ and anti‐cyclohexadienylenes were synthesized, from which 9PP was obtained via thermal aromatization in thin films. 9PP was characterized via optical, infrared and solid‐state 13C NMR spectroscopy as well as atomic force microscopy and mass spectrometry, and compared to polymeric analogues. Due to the lack of substitution, para‐nonaphenylene, irrespective of the precursor isomer employed, displays pronounced aggregation in the solid state. Intermolecular excitonic coupling leads to formation of H‐type aggregates, red‐shifting emission of the films to greenish. 9PP allows to study the structure–property relationship of para‐phenylene oligomers and polymers, especially since the optical properties of PPP depend on the molecular shape of the precursor.
Interlayer Space Engineering of MXenes for Electrochemical Energy Storage Applications
Authors: Tang Jiayong , Huang Xia , Qiu Tengfei , Peng Xiyue , Wu Tingting , Wang Lei , Luo Bin , Wang Lianzhou 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe increasing demand for high‐performance rechargeable energy storage systems has stimulated the exploration of advanced electrode materials. MXenes are a class of two‐dimensional (2D) inorganic transition metal carbides/nitrides, which are promising candidates in electrodes. The layered structure facilitates ion insertion/extraction, which offers promising electrochemical characteristics for electrochemical energy storage. However, the low capacity accompanied by sluggish electrochemical kinetics of electrodes as well as interlayer restacking and collapse significantly impede their practical applications. Recently, interlayer space engineering of MXenes by different chemical strategies have been widely investigated in designing functional materials for various applications. In this review, an overview of the most recent progress of 2D MXenes engineering by intercalation, surface modification as well as heterostructures design is provided. Moreover, some critical challenges in future research on MXene‐based electrodes have been also proposed.
Analysis of Solid‐State Luminescence Emission Amplification at Substituted Anthracenes by Host–Guest Complex Formation
Authors: Schillmöller Timo , Ruth Paul Niklas , Herbst‐Irmer Regine , Stalke Dietmar 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSmall robust organic molecules showing solid‐state luminescence are promising candidates for optoelectronic materials. Herein, we investigate a series of diphenylphosphanyl anthracenes [9‐PPh2‐10‐R‐(C14H8)] and their sulfur oxidised analogues. The oxidation causes drastic changes in the molecular structure as the new orientation of the bulky (S)PPh2 substituent induces a strong butterfly bent structure of the anthracene core, which triggers a strong bathochromic shift resulting in a green solid‐state fluorescence. As the emission properties change only slightly upon aggregation the origin of the emission is attributed to a typical monomer fluorescence. The host–guest complexes of [9‐(S)PPh2‐10‐Ethyl‐(C14H8)] with four basic arenes reveal an emission enhancement up to five‐times higher quantum yields compared to the pure host. Less interchromophoric interactions and a restriction of intramolecular motion within the host molecules due to fixation by weak C−H⋅⋅⋅π interactions with the co‐crystallised arene are responsible for that emission enhancement.
Bioinspired Scaffolding by Supramolecular Amines Allows the Formation of One‐ and Two‐Dimensional Silica Superstructures
Authors: Magana Jose R. , Gumí‐Audenis Berta , Tas Roderick P. , Gascoigne Levena , Atkins Dylan L. , Voets Ilja K. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSilica materials attract an increasing amount of interest in (fundamental) research, and find applications in, for example, sensing, catalysis, and drug delivery. As the properties of these (nano)materials not only depend on their chemistry but also their size, shape, and surface area, the controllable synthesis of silica is essential for tailoring the materials to specific applications. Advantageously, bioinspired routes for silica production are environmentally friendly and straightforward since the formation process is spontaneous and proceeds under mild conditions. These strategies mostly employ amine‐bearing phosphorylated (bio)polymers. In this work, we expand this principle to supramolecular polymers based on the water‐soluble cationic cyanine dye Pinacyanol acetate. Upon assembly in water, these dye molecules form large, polyaminated, supramolecular fibers. The surfaces of these fibers can be used as a scaffold for the condensation of silicic acid. Control over the ionic strength, dye concentration, and silicic acid saturation yielded silica fibers with a diameter of 25 nm and a single, 4 nm pore. Unexpectedly, other unusual superstructures, namely, nummulites and spherulites, are also observed depending on the ionic strength and dye concentration. Transmission and scanning electron microscopy (TEM and SEM) showed that these superstructures are formed by aligned silica fibers. Close examination of the dye scaffold prior silicification using small‐angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS), and UV/Vis spectroscopy revealed minor influence of the ionic strength and dye concentration on the morphology of the supramolecular scaffold. Total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) during silicification unraveled that if the reaction is kept under static conditions, only silica fibers are obtained. Experiments performed on the dye scaffold and silica superstructures evidenced that the marked structural diversity originates from the arrangement of silica/dye fibers. Under these mild conditions, external force fields can profoundly influence the morphology of the produced silica.