bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of imidazolidine‐2,4‐dione and 2‐thioxoimidazolidin‐4‐one derivatives as inhibitors of virulence factors production in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Mohamed Basant , Abdel‐Samii Zakaria K. , Abdel‐Aal Eatedal H. , Abbas Hisham A. , Shaldam Moataz A. , Ghanim Amany M. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn an attempt to counteract bacterial pathogenicity, a set of novel imidazolidine‐2,4‐dione and 2‐thioxoimidazolidin‐4‐one derivatives was synthesized and evaluated as inhibitors of bacterial virulence. The new compounds were characterized and screened for their effects on the expression of virulence factors of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, including protease, hemolysin, and pyocyanin. Imidazolidine‐2,4‐diones 4c, 4j, and 12a showed complete inhibition of the protease enzyme, and they almost completely inhibited the production of hemolysin at 1/4 MIC (1/4 minimum inhibitory concentration; 1, 0.5, and 0.5 mg/ml, respectively). 2‐Thioxoimidazolidin‐4‐one derivative 7a exhibited the best inhibitory activity (96.4%) against pyocyanin production at 1 mg/ml (1/4 MIC). A docking study was preformed to explore the potential binding interactions with quorum‐sensing receptors (LasR and RhlR), which are responsible for the expression of virulence genes.
Stannous chloride reduction–filtration for hexavalent and total chromium removal from groundwater
Authors: Kennedy Anthony , Croft Rachel , Flint Leah , Arias‐Paić Miguel 
Published: March 2020

AbstractHexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) reduction using stannous chloride (SnCl2) has emerged as a possible alternative to chromium treatment technologies such as strong base anion exchange. In an effort to target not only Cr(VI) reduction but, ultimately, total chromium (Cr(T)) removal, SnCl2 addition followed by rapid sand filtration was tested at the pilot scale on a groundwater with a naturally occurring Cr(VI) concentration of 0.090 mg/L. A SnCl2 dose of 1.5 mg/L, followed by filtration, was able to consistently remove Cr(T) to less than 0.010 mg/L following an initial ripening period, with limited head loss for 10 sequential 17‐ to 25‐hr filter runs. Total tin and turbidity removal were similar, decreasing to below 0.050 mg/L and raw water levels, respectively. Analysis of filter sand following backwashes and three different material pipe segments that were exposed to unfiltered water dosed with SnCl2 indicated the accumulation of Cr and Sn on surfaces, which remains a concern.
Acculturation and selected birth defects among non‐Hispanic Blacks in a population‐based case–control study
Authors: Hoyt Adrienne T. , Ramadhani Tunu , Le Mimi T. , Shumate Charlie J. , Canfield Mark A. , Scheuerle Angela E. ,   the National Birth Defects Prevention Study
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundThere are noted birth defects prevalence differences between race/ethnicity groups. For instance, non‐Hispanic (NH) Black mothers are more likely to have an infant with encephalocele, although less likely to have an infant with anotia/microtia compared to NH Whites. When stratifying by nativity and years lived within the United States, additional variations become apparent.MethodsData from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study were used to calculate descriptive statistics and estimate crude/adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) among NH Blacks with one of 30 major defects and non‐malformed controls. Total case/controls were as follows: U.S.‐ (2,773/1101); Foreign‐ (343/151); African‐born (161/64). Study participants were also examined by number of years lived in the U.S. (≤5 vs. 6+ years).ResultsCompared to U.S.‐born, foreign‐born NH Black controls tended to be older, had more years of education, and were more likely to have a higher household income. They also had fewer previous livebirths and were less likely to be obese. In the adjusted analyses, two defect groups were significantly attenuated: limb deficiencies, aORs/95%CIs = (0.44 [0.20–0.97]) and septal defects (0.69 [0.48–0.99]). After stratifying by years lived in the United States, the risk for hydrocephaly (2.43 [1.03–5.74]) became apparent among those having lived 6+ years in the United States. When restricting to African‐born mothers, none of the findings were statistically significant.ConclusionsForeign‐born NH Blacks were at a reduced risk for a few selected defects. Results were consistent after restricting to African‐born mothers and did not change considerably when stratifying by years lived in the United States.
Young people’s perceptions of the ‘Love Hurts’ programme: Is theatre an effective means of addressing teenage relationship abuse?
Authors: McElwee Jessica D. , Fox Claire L. 
Published: March 2020

Domestic abuse prevention education programmes have been found to be effective in bringing about attitudinal and behavioural change. However, there is limited research on theatre‐based interventions developed in the UK. This study aimed to assess pupils’ responses to a theatre production called ‘Love Hurts’. A mixed‐methods approach, which incorporated an online survey and focus groups, was used to understand the pupils’ perceptions of the play. The survey was completed by 294 pupils aged 11–19 years in five schools. Four focus groups were conducted in two of the schools involved. The pupils were generally very positive about the play, girls more so than boys. One of the strengths was that the young people reported being able to relate to the situations, and they found the use of theatre very engaging. They seemed to respond well to the use of a positive male role in the play, but reported that more could be done to highlight that women can be abusive too. Another theme was around the issue of trust, with some young people reporting feeling cautious about entering relationships following the play. The findings suggest that the young people responded well to the messages conveyed and felt that theatre was an effective means of addressing the issue. However, care is needed as to how to address the issues of gender and trust.
Multiple health behaviors before and after a cancer diagnosis among women: A repeated cross‐sectional analysis over 15 years
Authors: Tollosa Daniel N. , Holliday Elizabeth , Hure Alexis , Tavener Meredith , James Erica L. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundCancer diagnosis may be a cue for health behavior change. Previous research that assessed the impact of a cancer diagnosis on multiple health behavior (MHB) change is limited by small sample size, cross‐sectional study design, and a focus on individual rather than multiple behaviors. This study investigated the impact of a cancer diagnosis on compliance with MHB recommendations.MethodsData from Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health (ALSWH) were utilized. Compliance with MHB was assessed by cancer survivorship period; 0‐3 years pre‐diagnosis, 0‐3 years postdiagnosis, 4‐12 years postdiagnosis, and compared to controls. A MHB score based on the WCRF/AICR guidelines was calculated for six behaviors (physical activity, smoking, alcohol, BMI, fruit, and vegetable intake); scores ranged from 0 to 6, with a higher score indicating higher compliance. Generalized estimating equation (GEE) was used for statistical analysis.ResultsParticipants comprised 7585 women from the 2001 ALSWH survey, of whom 2285 developed cancer during 15 years of follow‐up. Compared to controls, the mean MHB score was slightly lower (Mean Difference (MD) = −0.015, P > .05) in survivors pre‐diagnosis, after adjusting for confounders; however, the compliance score increased during postdiagnosis, with the mean difference score being significantly higher in recent survivors (0‐3 years post diagnosis; MD = 0.055, P < .01). Likewise, within cancer survivors, the mean compliance score significantly increased 0‐3 years postdiagnosis (MD = 0.07, P < .05) compared to pre‐diagnosis, but this significant improvement was not maintained over the longer term (MD = 0.037, P > .05).ConclusionIn this sample, survivors had higher MHB score than controls. A cancer diagnosis may provide a teachable moment for health behavior change in the period immediately following diagnosis, but this effect was not sustained during longer‐term survivorship.
Photoelectro‐Enzymatic Glucose Reusable Biosensor by Using Dithienylethene Mediators
Authors: Márquez Augusto , Santiago Sara , Domínguez Carlos , Muñoz‐Berbel Xavier , Guirado Gonzalo 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn the development of colorimetric biosensors, the use of electrochromic mediators has been accepted and widely used during decades. The main drawback of these types of enzymatic substrates is the difficult recovery of the initial redox state of the molecule, which can be done electrochemically or by antioxidants addition, complicating the initially simple structure of the biosensor. those strategies are rarely followed Actually, being the disposable biosensor configuration the most extended for this detection mechanisms. Alternatively, we propose the first reported use of a diacid dithienylethene 1,2‐bis(5‐carboxy‐2‐methylthien‐3‐yl)cyclopentene (DTE) photoelectrochromic compound as a substrate of the horseradish peroxidase (HRP). The photoisomerization between the open (DTEo) and closed (DTEc) forms of the molecule and the respective shift in the redox potential allowed the light‐induced enzymatic detection of glucose in the glucose oxidase [(GOx)]–HRP cascade system. This fast and easy control over the enzymatic substrate availability by light pulses permits a gradually consumption and the light‐regeneration of the biosensor for a number of cycles. We consider the presented results transcendent in the development of reusable and light‐controlled photonic biosensing systems.
Axial chirality in biaryl N,N‐dialkylaminopyridine derivatives bearing an internal carboxy group
Authors: Nishino Reiko , Hamada Shohei , Elboray Elghareeb E. , Ueda Yoshihiro , Kawabata Takeo , Furuta Takumi 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAxial chirality in N,N‐dimethylaminopyridines as well as N,N‐dipropylaminopyridines bearing an internal carboxy group were evaluated based on their racemization barriers and circular dichroism spectra. The half‐life of racemization of N,N‐dipropylaminopyridine derivative 2 was estimated to be 19.7 days at 20°C. Its enantiomers isolated as optically active forms showed positive‐negative and negative‐positive Cotton effects for (+)‐2 and (−)‐2, respectively, from 310 to 210 nm. Furthermore, (−)‐2 was applied as a chiral nucleophilic catalyst and exhibited asymmetric induction in acylative kinetic resolution of 1‐(1‐naphthyl)ethane‐1‐ol.
Just‐in‐time learning for the prediction of oil sands ore characteristics using GPS data in mining applications
Authors: Magbool Jan Nabil , Huang Biao , Espejo Aris , Zelmer Luke , Xu Fangwei , Gulbransen Lee 
Published: March 2020

AbstractFor the mining based oilsands industry, it is desirable to determine the quality of the ore delivered to the extraction processes in real‐time to make optimal operational decisions such as optimal ore blending to achieve maximal bitumen recovery. Currently, the industry determines the real‐time ore characteristics for any given shovel Global Positioning System (GPS) location by first determining the shovel elevation from the topological mine map and then using the determined geological coordinates in the 3D geological block model. It should be noted that the block model is built based on the widely spaced core hole samples, and it is updated only on a yearly basis due to high cost of narrower core hole sampling. Thus, the block model predictions are often inaccurate in between the core hole spacing. On the other hand, mining operations data are available that contain accurate ore characteristics information in the already mined area. Therefore, in this work, we present a just‐in‐time based data‐driven modelling strategy that utilizes the recently available mining operations data to obtain reliable ore characteristics given the GPS data. The prediction capability of ore characteristics using the proposed modelling strategy is validated at core hole locations. Further, the prediction of ore characteristics at non‐core hole points demonstrate promising results.
A novel zero watermark optimization algorithm based on Gabor transform and discrete cosine transform
Authors: Fan Di , Li Yongyi , Gao Shang , Chi Wanda , Lv Changzhi 
Published: March 2020

SummaryZero watermark has no intervention on the carrier image, which is invisible in nature, and completely solves the problem of mutual constraint between robustness and invisibility in the traditional digital watermark technology. In order to improve the robustness of the zero watermark, a zero watermark algorithm based on Gabor transform and discrete cosine transform (DCT) is proposed in this paper. The algorithm performs Gabor transformation on the carrier image to obtain the directional characteristics of the image. Then it performs DCT and blocks, and performs singular value decomposition (SVD) on each subblock. The feature matrix is constructed using the largest eigenvalue of the subblock, and then XORed with the encrypted watermark to form a zero watermark. The algorithm utilizes the advantages of Gabor transform in the adjustment of scale and direction and selects the optimized parameters to extract image features. At the same time, the information concentration and decorrelation of DCT and SVD are utilized to improve the robustness and antiattack capability of the algorithm. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is robust to filtering, JPEG compression, noise, shearing, rotation, and other attacks, especially effective in antishear attack and rotation attack.
Why are some cases not on track? An item analysis of the Assessment for Signal Cases during inpatient psychotherapy
Authors: Probst Thomas , Kleinstäuber Maria , Lambert Michael J. , Tritt Karin , Pieh Christoph , Loew Thomas H. , Dahlbender Reiner W. , Delgadillo Jaime 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWithin the Routine Outcome Monitoring system “OQ‐Analyst,” the questionnaire “Assessment for Signal Cases” (ASC) supports therapists in detecting potential reasons for not‐on‐track trajectories. Factor analysis and a machine learning algorithm (LASSO with 10‐fold cross‐validation) were applied, and potential predictors of not‐on‐track classifications were tested using logistic multilevel modeling methods. The factor analysis revealed a shortened (30 items) version of the ASC with good internal consistency (α= 0.72–0.89) and excellent predictive value (area under the curve = 0.98; positive predictive value = 0.95; negative predictive value = 0.94). Item‐level analyses showed that interpersonal problems captured by specific ASC items (not feeling able to speak about problems with family members; feeling rejected or betrayed) are the most important predictors of not‐on‐track trajectories. It should be considered that our results are based on analyses of ASC items only. Our findings need to be replicated in future studies including other potential predictors of not‐on‐track trajectories (e.g., changes in medication, specific therapeutic techniques, or treatment adherence), which were not measured this study.
Mg−O‐Bridged Polypyrrole/g‐C3N4 Nanocomposites as Efficient Visible‐Light Catalysts for Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Guo Xin , Hu Kang , Chu Mingna , Li Yong , Bian Ji , Qu Yang , Chu Xiaoyu , Yang Fan , Zhao Qi , Qin Chuanli , Jing Liqiang 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIt is highly desired to improve the visible‐light activity of g‐C3N4 for H2 evolution by constructing closely contacted heterojunctions with conductive polymers. Herein, a polymer nanocomposite photocatalyst with high visible‐light activity is fabricated successfully by coupling nanosized polypyrrole (NPPy) particles onto g‐C3N4 nanosheets through a simple wet‐chemical process, and its visible‐light activity is improved further by constructing Mg−O bridges between the NPPy and g‐C3N4. The amount‐optimized bridged nanocomposite displays an approximately ninefold improvement in visible‐light activity compared with g‐C3N4. On the basis of transient‐state surface photovoltage responses, photoluminescence spectra, .OH amount evaluation, and photoelectrochemical curves, it is concluded that the exceptional photoactivity can be attributed to the significantly promoted charge transfer and separation along with visible photosensitization from NPPy. Interestingly, it is confirmed that the promoted charge separation depends mainly on the excited high‐level electron transfer from g‐C3N4 to NPPy by single‐wavelength photocurrent action spectra. This work provides a feasible strategy for designing polymer nano‐heterojunction photocatalysts with exceptional visible‐light activities.
Molecular dynamics simulation model of hydrogen recycling on carbon divertor for neutral transport analysis in large helical device
Authors: Saito Seiki , Nakamura Hiroaki , Sawada Keiji , Kawamura Gakushi , Kobayashi Masahiro , Hasuo Masahiro 
Published: March 2020

AbstractTo perform the neutral‐transport simulation with processes in which hydrogen molecules contribute to the reaction such as molecular assisted recombination, the parameters of emitted neutral particles at the wall such as the energy distributions and the form (atom or molecule) of emitted neutral particles are necessary as a boundary condition of the calculation. Therefore, in order to provide information of recycled hydrogen on the divertor to neutral‐transport code, molecular dynamics simulation of a hydrogen atom injection into a carbon material is performed to obtain the distributions of emission angle and translational energy of emitted hydrogen atoms and molecules. The distributions of rotational and vibrational energies are also investigated in the case of molecular hydrogen emission. Moreover, the quantum rotational state J, and vibrational state v are estimated from the classical value obtained by the simulation.
Malignant perivascular epithelioid tumor of the vagina: Report of a rare case with brief review of literature
Authors: Gupta Ruchika , Hariprasad Roopa , Dhanasekaran Kavitha , Gupta Sanjay 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPerivascular epithelioid cell tumors (PEComas) are rare mesenchymal tumors with immunohistochemical co‐expression of melanocytic and myoid markers. Vaginal PEComas have been described in only nine cases so far. We describe the case of a 65‐year‐old female with a large growth in the left lateral vaginal wall. Biopsy imprint smears showed dispersed tumor cells with anisonucleosis, multinucleation, and bizarre forms, suggestive of a malignant tumor. Histopathology, however, showed perivascular arrangement of clear epithelioid cells, focal necrosis, intracellular brown pigment in few cells, and mitotic activity at 2 to 3 per 50 high power fields. Immunohistochemical positivity for vimentin, HMB‐45, S‐100 protein, desmin, and MyoD1 assisted in rendering a final pathological diagnosis of malignant PEComa of the vagina. Further work‐up revealed metastatic deposits in liver and retroperitoneal lymph nodes. PEComa arising in vagina is an unusual phenomenon with the malignant variant being an extremely rare tumor. Awareness of the characteristic morphology and utilization of a panel of immunohistochemical stains are mandatory to be able to make a precise diagnosis and appropriate prognostication.
A comparative study of the turnover of multiciliated cells in the mouse trachea, oviduct, and brain
Authors: Roberson Elle C. , Tran Ngan K. , Konjikusic Mia J. , Fitch Rebecca D. , Gray Ryan S. , Wallingford John B. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundIn mammals, multiciliated cells (MCCs) line the lumen of the trachea, oviduct, and brain ventricles, where they drive fluid flow across the epithelium. Each MCC population experiences vastly different local environments that may dictate differences in their lifetime and turnover rates. However, with the exception of MCCs in the trachea, the turnover rates of these multiciliated epithelial populations at extended time scales are not well described.ResultsHere, using genetic lineage‐labeling techniques we provide a direct comparison of turnover rates of MCCs in these three different tissues.ConclusionWe find that oviduct turnover is similar to that in the airway (~6 months), while multiciliated ependymal cells turnover more slowly.
Lower soil carbon stocks in exotic vs. native grasslands are driven by carbonate losses
Authors: Wilsey Brian , Xu Xia , Polley H. Wayne , Hofmockel Kirsten , Hall Steven J. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractGlobal change includes invasion by exotic (nonnative) plant species and altered precipitation patterns, and these factors may affect terrestrial carbon (C) storage. We measured soil C changes in experimental mixtures of all exotic or all native grassland plant species under two levels of summer drought stress (0 and +128 mm). After 8 yr, soils were sampled in 10‐cm increments to 100‐cm depth to determine if soil C differed among treatments in deeper soils. Total soil C (organic + inorganic) content was significantly higher under native than exotic plantings, and differences increased with depth. Surprisingly, differences after 8 yr in C were due to carbonate and not organic C fractions, where carbonate was ~250 g C/m2lower to 1‐m soil depth under exotic than native plantings. Our results indicate that soil carbonate is an active pool and can respond to differences in plant species traits over timescales of years. Significant losses of inorganic C might be avoided by conserving native grasslands in subhumid ecosystems.
IRF3 and IRF7 contribute to diesel exhaust particles‐induced pulmonary inflammation by mediating mTORC1 activation and restraining autophagy in mice
Authors: Li Yang , Wang Chaoming , Wu Xiangyu , Tian Hongbo , Jiang Shanqun , Xu Tao , Liu Zhiping , Sun Jin‐Lu , Qi Xiaopeng 
Published: March 2020

AbstractExposure to diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) is associated with acute inflammatory responses in the lung and exacerbation of respiratory diseases. However, the mechanism by which DEPs trigger the inflammatory responses remains unclear. Here, we demonstrated that the IFN response factors IRF3 and IRF7 played pivotal roles in DEP‐induced pulmonary inflammation. DEPs could not directly induce inflammatory cytokine expression in mouse cells, whereas DEPs triggered autophagy both in vitro and in vivo. The DEP‐induced autophagy was augmented in the absence of IRF3 and IRF7, but not in the absence of IFNAR. The expression of Raptor was induced by IRF3 and IRF7 in response to DEPs treatment. Furthermore, administration of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor alleviated the inflammatory responses in the lung during DEP exposure. Our findings define an IFNAR‐independent role of increased autophagy in the absence of IRF3 and IRF7 during pulmonary DEP exposure, and provide the basis to develop new therapeutic approaches to counteract the adverse effects of DEPs and possibly other ambient particulate matters.