bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Removal of Reactive Red 120 from Model Textile Waste Solution by Micellar-Enhanced Ultrafiltration
Authors: Sikder Jaya , Bose Joyeeta , Tanksale Harshvardhan , Chakraborty Sudip 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The textile wastewater effluents discharged into the water bodies is one of the main issues of environmental contamination. A novel process which results particularly suitable for the treatment of this effluent is the Micellar-enhanced Ultrafiltration (MEUF). The possibility of removing Reactive Red-120 dye using the MEUF process with Cetylpyridinium Bromide as a surfactant has been investigated in this experiment. The total Flux and Rejection properties were analysed at varying concentrations of the surfactant, and combination of salts. The application of MEUF process is very appreciable owing to the efficiency it renders being at par with the levels of RO or NF but at a much cheaper cost.
Fundamental Study on Hysteresis Reduction of Piezoelectric Actuators by Preload Control
Authors: Sakuta Shigeru , Tsuruoka Shigeomi 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Piezoelectric actuator is usually used in feedback system because of the hysteresis non-linearity of between input voltage and output displacement. The aim of this paper is analysis of the hysteresis to reduce cost of high precision positioning system by piezoelectric actuator with open-loop control. Ratio of max hysteresis to max displacement, RHD, has been proposed as an evaluation indicator for the hysteresis. Effects of compressive stresses, i.e. preload, in two directions on RHD were investigated and bulk and stacked piezoelectric actuators with low RHD have been studied experimentally.
Experimental Study on Torsional Vibration of Engine Crankshaft and Cylinder Block
Authors: Zhang Pandeng , Liu Zhao , Zhu Yutian , Zhuo Jianming , Chen Haijian 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Engine cylinder block vibration usually does not consider the influence of torsional vibration of crankshaft. Because cylinder block and crankshaft vibrate separately, crankshaft torsional vibration may have a coupling effect on the vibration of the cylinder block, especially when the crankshaft torsional vibration is very large when engine is idling. In order to evaluate the coupling effect, a pilot test program was designed and developed under idle no-load condition. The torsional vibration of the crankshaft comes from the encoder sensor, and the torsional vibration of the cylinder block comes from the calculation of two acceleration sensors arranged on the cylinder block. This paper derives the formula for extracting the torsional vibration signal of the cylinder from two acceleration signals. Data analysis of spectrum and coherence reveal that the torsional of the crankshaft is greater than the cylinder block at the engine 3rd order frequency 35Hz, and the torsional vibration signals of the two have strong coupling at integer multiples of the 0.5th order frequency of the engine in the range of 100Hz that is prone to vibration problems. Through the above tests and data analysis, it is more accurate to consider the influence of crankshaft torsional vibration when studying engine vibration.
Examining Normative Reference Values and Item-Level Symptom Endorsement for the Quality of Life in Neurological Disorders (Neuro-QoL™) v2.0 Cognitive Function-Short Form
Authors: Iverson Grant L , Connors Eric J , Marsh Jacqueline , Terry Douglas P 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Objective
We examined the normative reference values, item-level symptom endorsement, internal consistency reliability, and the base rates of symptoms endorsed for the quality of life in neurological disorders (Neuro-QoL™) v2.0 Cognitive Function-Short Form.

Method
The Neuro-QoL™ v2.0 Cognitive Function-Short Form measures subjective cognitive difficulties. The normative sample from the U.S. general population was stratified by gender, education, health status, self-reported diagnosis of depression or anxiety, and recent mental health symptoms (i.e., endorsed frequent anxiety or depression symptoms in the last week).

Results
A cohort of 1,009 adults completed this scale and their mean score was 32.60 (SD = 6.89). The base rates of those who reported zero cognitive symptoms were consistently higher among the healthy samples (healthy men = 79.2%; all men = 63.9%; healthy women = 90.2%; all women = 80.0%). Endorsing three or more cognitive symptoms was more common in the mental health subgroups for both men (full men’s sample [n = 493] = 17.6%; depression subgroup [n = 70] = 30.0%; anxiety subgroup [n = 61] = 29.5%; mental subhealth group [n = 70] = 38.6%) and women (full women’s sample [n = 516] = 7.4%; depression subgroup [n = 123] = 13.0%; anxiety subgroup [n = 103] = 12.6%; mental health subgroup [n = 101] = 14.9%). Internal consistency was measured using Cronbach’s α and ranged from 0.87 to 0.94 across groups.

Conclusions
The Neuro-QoL™ v2.0 Cognitive Function-Short Form is a brief, efficient, and reliable measure of perceived cognitive difficulties. As expected, individuals with a favorable overall health and quality of life reported less cognitive symptoms than the total sample, whereas individuals with mental health difficulties reported more. These normative values and base rates stratified by gender, overall health, and mental health status may be useful when interpreting this measure in clinical practice.
Genetic diversity ofCalliphora vicina(Diptera: Calliphoridae) in the Iberian Peninsula based oncox1, 16S and ITS2 sequences
Authors: Fuentes-López Alberto , Rebelo María Teresa , Romera Elena , López-López Alejandro , Galián José 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe study of Diptera at the scene of a crime can provide essential information for the interpretation of evidence. Phylogeographic reconstruction could help differentiate haplotypes of a dipteran species in a geographical area, clarifying, for example, the details of a possible relocation of a corpse. In addition, inferring the ancestral areas of distribution helps to understand the current status of the species and its biogeographic history. One of the most important species in forensic entomology is Calliphora vicina Rovineau-Desvoidy, 1830 (Diptera: Calliphoridae). The aim of this work is to increase our knowledge of this species in the Iberian Peninsula using 464 specimens from Spain and Portugal. These samples were identified using morphological keys and by molecular methods using fragments of the cox1, 16S and ITS2 genes. The phylogeographic history of these populations was inferred from haplotype networks and the reconstruction of ancestral areas of distribution. The molecular results corroborated the morphological identifications of the samples. Phylogeographic networks showed no geographical structure, as haplotypes are shared among almost all populations. reconstruct ancestral state in phylogenies analyses showed a high rate of movement among populations, possibly related to human activity. These results suggest that this species had a very rapid and recent spatial and demographic expansion throughout the Iberian Peninsula.
The correlation of phylogenetics, elevation and ploidy on the incidence of apomixis in Asteraceae in the European Alps
Authors: Pegoraro Luca , Baker Ellen C , Aeschimann David , Balant Manica , Douzet Rolland , Garnatje Teresa , Guignard Maïté S , Leitch Ilia J , Leitch Andrew R , Palazzesi Luis , Theurillat Jean-Paul , Hidalgo Oriane , Pellicer Jaume 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAsexual reproduction has often been regarded as an evolutionary dead end, but asexual lineages (most notably those that are apomictic) are present in several angiosperm families and often comprise a large number of taxa, both widespread and endemic. Investigating correlations between genetic, environmental and taxonomic factors and the incidence of apomixis has represented a challenge for many years, with previous analyses frequently omitting one or more of these variables. Here, flow cytometric seed screening, cytological data and ecological variables have been integrated in a phylogenetic framework to create a comprehensive dataset for 229 of Asteraceae from the European Alps. Data were analysed using phylogenetically informed generalized linear mixed models (pMCMCglmm) where elevation, ploidy and phenology were assessed for their potential correlation with asexual reproduction and apomixis type. Although apomixis is not dominant among the species studied, our results confirm that an odd ploidy (e.g. 3x) and, to a lesser extent, an even polyploid level (i.e. 4x) significantly increase its probability, most probably due to chromosome misalignments during meiosis. The distribution of apomictic species does not correlate with elevation, and there is a weak correlation between early flowering initiation and aposporous apomixis. Although current and future changes in climate may severely impact the survival of the flora of the European Alps, asexual reproduction and polyploidization may prove to be, at least temporarily, lifelines for the survival of a species under the novel climatic conditions. Therefore, uncovering how apomicts and polyploids evolve and persist will be essential for understanding the ecology of the European Alps and hence informing future conservation strategies.
It Sucks to Be Single! Marital Status and Redistribution of Social Security
Authors: Groneck Max , Wallenius Johanna 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In this article, we study the labour supply effects and the redistributional consequences of the US social security system. We focus particularly on auxiliary benefits, where eligibility is linked to marital status. To this end, we develop a dynamic, structural life cycle model of singles and couples, featuring uncertain marital status and survival. We account for the socio-economic gradients to both marriage stability and life expectancy. We find that auxiliary benefits have a large depressing effect on married women’s employment. Moreover, we show that a revenue neutral minimum benefit scheme would moderately reduce inequality relative to the current US system.
Temporal patterns in the interaction between photosynthetic picoeukaryotes and their attached fungi in Lake Chaohu
Authors: Liu Changqing , Shi Xiaoli , Wu Fan , Zhang Min , Gao Guang , Wu Qinglong 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT
The combination of flow cytometric sorting and high-throughput sequencing revealed the broad existence of photosynthetic picoeukaryote attached fungi (PPE-attached fungi) in Lake Chaohu. The relative sequence abundance of attached fungi was negatively correlated with that of the photosynthetic picoeukaryotes (PPEs). PPE-attached fungal communities were mainly composed of Basidiomycota, Chytridiomycota and Ascomycota. Temperature, Si and PPE community structure are the most important driving factors for the temporal succession of PPE-attached fungal communities. In particular, PPE-attached fungi can be divided into three groups from high to low temperatures. Phylogenetic molecular ecological network results indicated that the connectivity and the total number of links in the network of the high-temperature group (&gt; 21.82°C) are higher than those in the other two temperature groups (between  9.67 and  21.82°C, and &lt; 9.67°C, respectively). Moreover, the interaction between PPE-attached fungi and the PPEs changed from antagonistic to cooperative, with the decline in temperature. The most abundant operational taxonomic units of PPE-attached fungi were affiliated with the Cladosporium, the most common saprophytic fungus, whereas most fungal hub taxa were Chytridiomycota, the main parasite fungi of phytoplankton.
CRISPRcasIdentifier: Machine learning for accurate identification and classification of CRISPR-Cas systems
Authors: Padilha Victor A , Alkhnbashi Omer S , Shah Shiraz A , de Carvalho André C P L F , Backofen Rolf 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background
CRISPR-Cas genes are extraordinarily diverse and evolve rapidly when compared to other prokaryotic genes. With the rapid increase in newly sequenced archaeal and bacterial genomes, manual identification of CRISPR-Cas systems is no longer viable. Thus, an automated approach is required for advancing our understanding of the evolution and diversity of these systems and for finding new candidates for genome engineering in eukaryotic models.

Results
We introduce CRISPRcasIdentifier, a new machine learning–based tool that combines regression and classification models for the prediction of potentially missing proteins in instances of CRISPR-Cas systems and the prediction of their respective subtypes. In contrast to other available tools, CRISPRcasIdentifier can both detect cas genes and extract potential association rules that reveal functional modules for CRISPR-Cas systems. In our experimental benchmark on the most recently published and comprehensive CRISPR-Cas system dataset, CRISPRcasIdentifier was compared with recent and state-of-the-art tools. According to the experimental results, CRISPRcasIdentifier presented the best Cas protein identification and subtype classification performance.

Conclusions
Overall, our tool greatly extends the classification of CRISPR cassettes and, for the first time, predicts missing Cas proteins and association rules between Cas proteins. Additionally, we investigated the properties of CRISPR subtypes. The proposed tool relies not only on the knowledge of manual CRISPR annotation but also on models trained using machine learning.
Twisting: Incidence and Risk Factors of an Intraprocedural Challenge Associated With Pipeline Flow Diversion of Cerebral Aneurysms
Authors: Bender Matthew T , Young Robert W , Zarrin David A , Campos Jessica K , Caplan Justin M , Huang Judy , Tamargo Rafael J , Lin Li-Mei , Colby Geoffrey P , Coon Alexander L 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Pipeline Embolization Device (PED; Medtronic) “twisting” manifests with the appearance of a “figure 8” in perpendicular planes on digital subtraction angiography. This phenomenon has received little attention in the literature, requires technical precision to remediate, and has potential to cause ischemic stroke if not properly remediated.

OBJECTIVE
To report incidence, risk factors, and sequelae of PED twisting and to discuss techniques to remediate a PED twist.

METHODS
Case images were reviewed for instances of twisting from a prospectively-maintained, Institutional Review Board-approved cohort of patients undergoing flow diversion for cerebral aneurysm.

RESULTS
From August 2011 to December 2017, 999 PED flow diverting stents were attempted in 782 cases for 653 patients. A total of 25 PED twists were observed while treating 20 patients (2.50%, 25/999). Multivariate analysis revealed predictors of twisting to be: Large and giant aneurysms (odds ratio (OR) = 9.66, P = .005; OR = 27.47, P < .001), increased PED length (OR = 1.14, P < .001), and advanced patient age (OR = 1.07, P = .002). Twisted PEDs were able to be remediated 75% of the time, and procedural success was achieved in 90% of cases. PED twisting was not found to be a significant cause of major or minor complications. However, at long-term follow-up, there was a trend towards poor occlusion outcomes for the cases that encountered twisting.

CONCLUSION
Twisting is a rare event during PED deployment that was more likely to occur while treating large aneurysms with long devices in older patients. While twisting did not lead to major complications in this study, remediation can be challenging and may be associated with inferior occlusion outcomes.
Evidence-based umbrella review of cognitive effects of prefrontal tDCS
Authors: Farhat Luis C , Carvalho Andre F , Solmi Marco , Brunoni Andre R 
Published: June 2020

AbstractTranscranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique, which has been increasingly used as an investigational tool in neuroscience. In social and affective neuroscience research, the prefrontal cortex has been primarily targeted, since this brain region is critically involved in complex psychobiological processes subserving both Șhotș and Școldș domains. Although several studies have suggested that prefrontal tDCS can enhance neuropsychological outcomes, meta-analyses have reported conflicting results. Therefore, we aimed to assess the available evidence by performing an umbrella review of meta-analyses. We evaluated the effects of prefrontal active vs sham tDCS on different domains of cognition among healthy and neuropsychiatric individuals. A MeaSurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews 2 was employed to evaluate the quality of meta-analyses, and the GRADE system was employed to grade the quality of evidence of every comparison from each meta-analysis. PubMed/MEDLINE, PsycINFO and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were searched, and 11 meta-analyses were included resulting in 55 comparisons. Only 16 comparisons reported significant effects favoring tDCS, but 13 of them had either very low or low quality of evidence. Of the remaining 39 comparisons which reported non-significant effects, 38 had either very low or low quality of evidence. Meta-analyses were rated as having critically low and low quality. Among several reasons to explain these findings, the lack of consensus and reproducibility in tDCS research is discussed.
Using reinforcement learning models in social neuroscience: frameworks, pitfalls and suggestions of best practices
Authors: Zhang Lei , Lengersdorff Lukas , Mikus Nace , Gläscher Jan , Lamm Claus 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe recent years have witnessed a dramatic increase in the use of reinforcement learning (RL) models in social, cognitive and affective neuroscience. This approach, in combination with neuroimaging techniques such as functional magnetic resonance imaging, enables quantitative investigations into latent mechanistic processes. However, increased use of relatively complex computational approaches has led to potential misconceptions and imprecise interpretations. Here, we present a comprehensive framework for the examination of (social) decision-making with the simple Rescorla–Wagner RL model. We discuss common pitfalls in its application and provide practical suggestions. First, with simulation, we unpack the functional role of the learning rate and pinpoint what could easily go wrong when interpreting differences in the learning rate. Then, we discuss the inevitable collinearity between outcome and prediction error in RL models and provide suggestions of how to justify whether the observed neural activation is related to the prediction error rather than outcome valence. Finally, we suggest posterior predictive check is a crucial step after model comparison, and we articulate employing hierarchical modeling for parameter estimation. We aim to provide simple and scalable explanations and practical guidelines for employing RL models to assist both beginners and advanced users in better implementing and interpreting their model-based analyses.
University characteristics and probabilities for funding of proposals in the European Framework Programs
Authors: Piro Fredrik Niclas , Børing Pål , Scordato Lisa , Aksnes Dag W 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Previous studies have pointed at participation in the European Framework Programs for Research and Innovation as elite driven, foremost by large and prestigious universities. By analyzing all proposals (including rejected proposals) rather than funded projects only, we have investigated whether such findings also hold for success in proposal decisions. We study which university characteristics are associated with successful proposal outcomes. Our study finds that university size is indeed an important driver for success, but independent of size; it is essential with a relative high volume of proposals. Those Higher Education Institutions who submit relatively many proposals compared to their size performs better, especially in the European Research Council. What are important success criterions vary across thematic areas and to some extent over time, reflecting changing goals of the EU programs. Success is based on complex mechanisms, where many universities—irrespective of size—for different reasons perform well in the framework programs.
Arbitrary Detention in Malaysia: Security Offenses (Special Measures) Act 2012
Authors: Chua Eden H B 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Legislative erosion of basic human rights is not uncommon in Southeast Asia. The Malaysian government’s recent detention of 12 people under Security Offenses (Special Measures) Act 2012 for their alleged links to Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam has renewed extensive calls from civil society groups for its total repealment. It targets security offenses by creating the powers of arrest without warrant followed by pre-charge detention for up to 28 days. It also removes the courts’ exclusive authority of adjudicating bail applications. To evaluate its value and relevance, this article reviews its fundamental operation and specifically looks at how the courts have attempted to interpret its most controversial provision. This article in the end suggests that while there is clearly the need for reforms, the main focus has to be on implementing safeguards that can help avert its misuse while also cautioning against its broad ambit.
Disseminated Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in a Pediatric Patient from Peru
Authors: Arteaga-Livias Kovy , Santos-Huerta Mijael , Dámaso-Mata Bernardo , Panduro-Correa Vicky , Gonzales-Zamora Jose A , Rodriguez-Morales Alfonso J 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Leishmaniasis is a disease predominantly prevalent in the tropics, considered as one of the primary neglected diseases, preferably affects individuals of low socioeconomic status. Although this condition is well described in children, disseminated cutaneous leishmaniasis is a rare form of increasing importance and multiple cases observed in the adult population; however, still little described in children.

Case
We present the case of a 12-year-old male, who has multiple ulcerative and nodular lesions distributed throughout the body, of ∼1 year of evolution that did not respond to antimicrobial treatment. After the diagnostic process, positive serological tests were found for leishmaniasis, with improvement in the picture after the use of sodium stibogluconate.

Discussion
Disseminated cutaneous leishmaniasis is a clinical form that is described with increasing frequency and should be recognized and treated appropriately, mainly in the pediatric population, avoiding complications and sequelae.