bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Relationship of Transepicondylar Width with the Distal and Posterior Femoral Condyles and Its Clinical Implications: A Three-Dimensional Study
Authors: Lee Merrill , Ho Jade Pei Yuik , Chen Jerry Yongqiang , Ng Chung Kia , Yeo Seng Jin , Merican Azhar M. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background Restoration of the anatomical joint line, while important for clinical outcomes, is difficult to achieve in revision total knee arthroplasty (rTKA) due to distal femoral bone loss. The objective of this study was to determine a reliable method of restoring the anatomical joint line and posterior condylar offset in the setting of rTKA based on three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of computed tomography (CT) images of the distal femur.
Methods CT scans of 50 lower limbs were analyzed. Key anatomical landmarks such as the medial epicondyle (ME), lateral epicondyle, and transepicondylar width (TEW) were determined on 3D models constructed from the CT images. Best-fit planes placed on the most distal and posterior loci of points on the femoral condyles were used to define the distal and posterior joint lines, respectively. Statistical analysis was performed to determine the relationships between the anatomical landmarks and the distal and posterior joint lines.
Results There was a strong correlation between the distance from the ME to the distal joint line of the medial condyle (MEDC) and the distance from the ME to the posterior joint line of the medial condyle (MEPC) (p < 0.001; r = 0.865). The mean ratio of MEPC to MEDC was 1.06 (standard deviation [SD]: 0.07; range: 0.88–1.27) and that of MEPC to TEW was 0.33 (SD: 0.03; range: 0.25–0.38).
Conclusions Our findings suggest that the fixed ratios of MEPC to TEW (0.33) and that of MEPC to MEDC (1.06) provide a reliable means for the surgeon to determine the anatomical joint line when used in combination.
In Vitro Evaluation of Pro- and Anticoagulant Drugs in Children with End-Stage Liver Disease Undergoing Liver Transplantation
Authors: Werner Maureen J. M. , Adelmeijer Jelle , de Meijer Vincent E. , de Kleine Ruben H. J. , Scheenstra René , Bontemps Sander T. H. , Reyntjens Koen M. E. M. , Hulscher Jan B. F. , Porte Robert J. , Lisman Ton 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background Pro- and anticoagulant drugs are commonly used in pediatric liver transplantation to prevent and treat thrombotic and bleeding complications. However, the combination of baseline hemostatic changes in children with liver disease and additional changes induced by transplantation makes this very challenging. This study aimed to analyze the efficacy of clinically available pro- and anticoagulant drugs in plasma from children undergoing liver transplantation.
Methods In vitro effects of pro- and anticoagulant drugs on thrombin generation capacity were tested in plasma samples of 20 children (≤ 16 years) with end-stage liver disease undergoing liver transplantation, and compared with 30 age-matched healthy controls.
Results Addition of pooled normal plasma had no effect in patients or controls, while 4-factor prothrombin complex concentrate increased thrombin generation in both patients and controls, with enhanced activity in patients. At start of transplantation, dabigatran and unfractionated heparin had a higher anticoagulant potency in patients, whereas 30 days after transplantation low molecular weight heparin was slightly less effective in patients. Effects of rivaroxaban were comparable between patients and controls.
Conclusion This study revealed important differences in efficacy of commonly used pro- and anticoagulant drugs in children with end-stage liver disease undergoing liver transplantation. Therefore, dose adjustments of these drugs may be required. The results of this study may be helpful in the development of urgently needed protocols for strategies to prevent and treat bleeding and thrombotic complications in pediatric liver transplantation.
Evolution of EEG Findings in Pontocerebellar Hypoplasia Type 2A: Normal EEG in the First Few Months followed by Abnormal Tracing over the Years
Authors: Cohen Rony , Goldberg-Stern Hadassah , Kivity Sara , Halevy Ayelet , Aharoni Sharon , Kornreich Liora , Straussberg Rachel 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPontocerebellar hypoplasia (PCH) is an autosomal recessive neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cerebellar and pontine hypoplasia, progressive microcephaly, and developmental delay. Ten types of PCH have been described; PCH type 2A (PCH2A) due to a mutation in TSEN54 is the most frequent. Seizures have been reported in the large majority of patients. The probability of epilepsy developing increases with age, along with difficulties in differentiating seizures from dyskinetic movements. The aim of the present report was to describe the clinical symptoms and electroencephalogram (EEG) changes over time in three patients of Israeli Arab origin with PCH2A. All three, including two siblings and their first cousin, were homozygous for the TSEN54 p.A304S mutation. The patients demonstrated profound psychomotor retardation, severe spasticity and contractures, choreoathetoid movements, and seizures. The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans and EEGs were reviewed by an experienced neuroradiologist and epileptologist, respectively. The MRI scans revealed a dragonfly-like cerebellar pattern in all patients. Despite the normal early EEG findings, all patients had characteristic features of epilepsy, with tonic seizures starting in the first days to months followed by focal to bilateral tonic–clonic seizures in early childhood which continued to adolescence. In conclusion, patients with PCH2A due to the missense mutation p.A304S in TSEN54 exhibit profound psychomotor delay, movement disorders, and intractable epilepsy. An evolution of EEG abnormalities and seizure semiology occurs over time. Similar to several other genetic epileptic encephalopathies, the normal early EEG tracing does not rule out the later occurrence of epilepsy
COVID-19 and Neurological Manifestations
Authors: Balaini Neeraj , Modi Manish 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a viral illness caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) which has taken the form of a pandemic. It mainly presents as fever, cough, shortness of breath involving respiratory system but neurological manifestations are increasingly being recognized worldwide and even virus RNA was demonstrated to be present in cerebrospinal fluid of a patient. SARS-CoV-2 involves both central nervous system and peripheral nervous system. Virus can enter the neural tissue from hematological route or through retrograde transport from nerve endings. Physicians especially neurologists should be aware regarding neurological manifestations as patient can present with these conditions in emergency. We therefore reviewed the neurological diseases or complications associated with COIVID-19 in available literature.
Could Interventional Radiological Therapies Offer a Safer Alternative as We Emerge from COVID-19 Pandemic?
Authors: Roy-Choudhury Shuvro H. , Warawdekar Gireesh 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe ongoing SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic poses a major risk to health care delivery all around the world and also poses significant risks to the public and health care workers (HCWs). Surgical procedures, particularly elective procedures, have been cancelled or deferred due to increased risks associated with surgery and anesthesia both to the patient and the HCWs as well as to allocate resources to treat infected patients. This is particularly true for patients with comorbidities and cancer. As countries emerge from this pandemic, a phased return to conventional surgical procedures is being proposed, with emphasis on procedures performed in ambulatory settings and avoiding endotracheal intubation, where possible. Interventional radiological (IR) procedures offer a unique advantage in this setting, as these procedures are often performed with local or regional anesthesia with shorter hospital stay. In this brief communication, we outline the current opinion on surgical risks and guidelines and suggest areas where interventional therapies may offer an advantage to the multidisciplinary team and patient.
A constraint-based modeling of negative polarity items in result clause constructions in Romanian
Authors: Rizea Monica-Mihaela , Sailer Manfred 
Published: July 2020

SummaryThe paper discusses the occurrence of emphatic negative polarity items (NPIs) in high degree result clause constructions. We will identify four distributional patterns for Romanian emphatic NPIs. These will range from NPIs that only occur occasionally in result constructions to NPIs that are bound to such constructions and even do not show any truth-conditionally relevant semantic contribution. We reformulate a scalar, pragmatic theory of NPIs in a constraint-based, representational framework,Lexical Resource Semantics. We propose a scalar extension of a standard semantics of result clauses in order to capture the high degree, i.e. intensification readings. The constraint-based, representational perspective of this paper allows for an elegant modeling of the data: (i) We can capture the four distributional patterns as a lexical property of the discussed NPIs. (ii) The semantics and pragmatics of Romanian result clause constructions is accounted for by lexical properties of the result clause complementizers. (iii) A scalar analysis of emphatic NPIs can be applied in embedded clauses and even when the NPI itself does not contribute to the at-issue content of the overall utterance.
Preparing for tenure & promotion
Authors: Geeslin Kimberly L. , Gurzynski-Weiss Laura 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The present chapter addresses the core issues related to the
process of securing tenure with the primary goal of identifying the sources
of confusion and making transparent some of the unspoken expectations that
tend to dominate the field of applied linguistics. It is our belief that the
better one understands the process the more likely one is able to manage the
anxiety and demands associated with tenure-track positions, and even enjoy
these years. We begin with the idea that there are certain behaviors that
can be useful during the entire pre-tenure process (and beyond!) and that
there is a certain chronology as well: starting off right, preparing for the
mid-term review and then, putting on those final touches as you near the
dossier submission stage. We close with a brief discussion of perspective
and highlight behaviors that make successful academics throughout the career
trajectory.
Emergent gravity from off-shell energy fixing
Authors: de Anda Francisco J 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Off-shell processes do not preserve the energy momentum tensor (EMT) in quantum field theory (QFT). Fixing the EMT throughout off-shell processes, implies a graviton-like quantum field to emerge without dynamics. Its dynamics are generated through quantum corrections. This fixed off-shell energy condition (FOSEC) implies the existence of a linear gravity-like theory, and in special cases the full Poincarè gauge theory. In this work it is shown that imposing the FOSEC in QFT implies the emergence of a viable quantum theory of gravity.
Phonon spectra of pure and acceptor doped BaZrO3 investigated with visible and UV Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Mazzei Laura , Rukser Dieter , Biebl Florian , Grimm-Lebsanft Benjamin , Neuber Gerd , Pergolesi Daniele , Börjesson Lars , Rübhausen Michael A , Andreasson Jakob , Karlsson Maths 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
We report results from visible and UV Raman spectroscopy studies of the phonon spectra of a polycrystalline sample of the prototypical perovskite type oxide BaZrO3 and a 500 nm thick film of its Y-doped, proton conducting, counterpart BaZr0.8Y0.2O2.9. Analysis of the Raman spectra measured using different excitation energies (between 3.44 eV and 5.17 eV) reveals the activation of strong resonance Raman effects involving all lattice vibrational modes. Specifically, two characteristic energies were identified for BaZrO3, one around 5 eV and one at higher energy, respectively, and one for BaZr0.8Y0.2O2.9, above 5 eV. Apart from the large difference in spectral intensity between the non-resonant and resonant conditions, the spectra are overall similar to each other, suggesting that the vibrational spectra of the perovskites are stable when investigated using an UV laser as excitation source. These results encourage further use of UV Raman spectroscopy as a novel approach for the study of lattice vibrational dynamics and local structure in proton conducting perovskites, and open up for, e.g., time-resolved experiments on thin films targeted at understanding the role of lattice vibrations in proton transport in these kinds of materials.
Large time behavior for a compressible two-fluid model with algebraic pressure closure and large initial data
Authors: Li Yang , Sun Yongzhong , Zatorska Ewelina 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we consider a compressible two-fluid system with a common velocity field and algebraic pressure closure in dimension one. Existence, uniqueness and stability of global weak solutions to this system are obtained with arbitrarily large initial data. Making use of the uniform-in-time bounds for the densities from above and below, exponential decay of weak solution to the unique steady state is obtained without any smallness restriction to the size of the initial data. In particular, our results show that degeneration to single-fluid motion will not occur as long as in the initial distribution both components are present at every point.
Hydrogenic entanglement
Authors: Qvarfort Sofia , Bose Sougato , Serafini Alessio 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Is there any entanglement in the simplest ubiquitous bound system? We study the solutions to the time-independent Schrödinger equation for a hydrogenic system and devise two entanglement tests for free and localised states. For free hydrogenic systems, we compute the Schmidt basis diagonalisation for general energy eigenstates, and for a hydrogenic system localised to a three-dimensional Gaussian wavepacket, we demonstrate that measuring its second moments is sufficient for detecting entanglement. Our results apply to any system that exhibits hydrogenic structure.
Deuterium release from deuterium plasma-exposed neutron-irradiated and non-neutron-irradiated tungsten samples during annealing
Authors: Alimov V.Kh. , Hatano Y. , Kuwabara T. , Toyama T. , Someya Y. , Spitsyn A.V. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
We examine the effect of neutron irradiation on the release of deuterium from tungsten at 573 K to understand the efficiency of tritium removal by baking out at moderate temperatures. Tungsten samples, undamaged and neutron-irradiated to a damage level of approximately 0.016 displacements per atom, are exposed to low-energy (108 eV), high-flux (3.0 × 1021 to 9.4 × 1021 m−2 s−1) deuterium plasma at temperatures ranging from 573 to 773 K to an ion fluence of 1.1 × 1025 m−2. At each exposure temperature, two undamaged and two neutron-irradiated tungsten samples are exposed to plasma. The deuterium content in the tungsten samples is measured by thermal desorption spectrometry soon after the plasma exposure and after post-plasma annealing at 573 K for 30 h. It is found that: (i) the deuterium retention in the neutron-irradiated tungsten samples is significantly higher than that in the undamaged tungsten samples; (ii) annealing at 573 K of undamaged tungsten samples pre-exposed to deuterium plasma at 573–773 K leads to an almost complete (60%–99%) release of deuterium from the samples; (iii) annealing at 573 K of neutron-irradiated tungsten samples pre-exposed to deuterium plasma at 573–773 K leads to a significant (8%–20%) release of deuterium from the samples.
Learning performance in inverse Ising problems with sparse teacher couplings
Authors: Abbara Alia , Kabashima Yoshiyuki , Obuchi Tomoyuki , Xu Yingying 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
We investigate the learning performance of the pseudolikelihood maximization method for inverse Ising problems. In the teacher–student scenario under the assumption that the teacher’s couplings are sparse and the student does not know the graphical structure, the learning curve and order parameters are assessed in the typical case using the replica and cavity methods from statistical mechanics. Our formulation is also applicable to a certain class of cost functions having locality; the standard likelihood does not belong to that class. The derived analytical formulas indicate that the perfect inference of the presence/absence of the teacher’s couplings is possible in the thermodynamic limit taking the number of spins N as infinity while keeping the dataset size M proportional to N, as long as α = M/N > 2. Meanwhile, the formulas also show that the estimated coupling values corresponding to the truly existing ones in the teacher tend to be overestimated in the absolute value, manifesting the presence of estimation bias. These results are considered to be exact in the thermodynamic limit on locally tree-like networks, such as the regular random or Erdős–Rényi graphs. Numerical simulation results fully support the theoretical predictions. Additional biases in the estimators on loopy graphs are also discussed.
Retracted: Study on tensile, bending, fatigue, and in vivo behavior of porous SHS–TiNi alloy used as a bone substitute
Authors: Yasenchuk Yuri , Marchenko Ekaterina , Baigonakova Gulsharat , Gunther Sergey , Kokorev Oleg , Gunter Victor , Chekalkin Timofey , Topolnitskiy Evgeniy , Obrosov Aleksei , Kang Ji-hoon 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Intermetallic porous SHS–TiNi alloys exhibit tangled and specific stress–strain characteristics. This article aims to evaluate the findings emanating from experiments using standard and proprietary instruments. Fatigue testing under repeated complex loading was used to measure the total number of load cycles before failure of the SHS–TiNi samples occurred. Of the tested samples, seventy percent passed through 106 cycles without failure due to the reversible martensite transformation in the TiNi phase, one of the prevailing constituents of a multiphase matrix. The fractured surfaces were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning instruments. Microscopy studies showed that the entire surface of the sample is concealed by miscellaneous strata that result from the SHS processand effectively protect the porous alloy in a corrosive environment. Numerous non-metallic inclusions, which are also attributed to the SHS reaction, do not have a significant impact on the deformation behavior and fatigue performance. In this context, the successful in vivo functioning of porous grafts assessed in a canine rib-plasty model allows the bone substitute to be congruentially deformed in the body without rejection or degradation; it thus has a long operational life, often greater than 17 ×106 (22 × 60 × 24 × 540) cycles. It acknowledges the potential benefits of SHS–TiNi as a superior osteoplastic material and its high resistance to corrosion fatigue.
Functional and cognitive decline in older delirious adults after an emergency department visit
Authors: Giroux Marianne , Émond Marcel , Nadeau Alexandra , Boucher Valérie , Carmichael Pierre-Hugues , Voyer Philippe , Pelletier Mathieu , Gouin Émilie , Daoust Raoul , Berthelot Simon , Lamontagne Marie-Eve , Morin Michèle , Lemire Stéphane , Sirois Marie-Josée 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Background
the aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of emergency department (ED) stay-associated delirium on older patient’s functional and cognitive status at 60 days post ED visit.

Methods
this study was part of the multi-centre prospective cohort INDEED study. This project took place between March 2015 and July 2016 in five participating EDs across the province of Quebec. Independent non-delirious patients aged ≥65, with an ED stay ≥8 hours, were monitored for delirium until 24 hours post ward admission. A 60-day follow-up phone assessment was conducted. Participants were screened for delirium using the Confusion Assessment Method. Functional and cognitive statuses were assessed at baseline and at the 60-day follow-up using OARS and TICS-m.

Results
a total of 608 patients were recruited, 393 of which completed the 60-day follow-up. The Confusion Assessment Method was positive in 69 patients (11.8%) during ED stay or within the first 24 hours following ward admission. At 60 days, delirium patients experienced an adjusted loss of −2.9/28 [95%CI: −3.9, −2.0] points on the OARS scale compared to non-delirious patients who lost −1.6 [95%CI: −1.9, −1.3] (P = 0.006). A significant adjusted difference in cognitive function was also noted at 60 days, as TICS-m scores in delirious patients decreased by −1.6 [95%CI: −3.5, 0.2] compared to non-delirious patients, who showed a minor improvement of 0.5 [95%CI: −0.1, 1.1] (P = 0.03).

Conclusion
seniors who developed ED stay-associated delirium have lower baseline functional and cognitive status than non-delirious patients, and they will experience a more significant decline at 60 days post ED visit.
SARS-CoV-2 Infection–Associated Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis
Authors: Prilutskiy Andrey , Kritselis Michael , Shevtsov Artem , Yambayev Ilyas , Vadlamudi Charitha , Zhao Qing , Kataria Yachana , Sarosiek Shayna R , Lerner Adam , Sloan J Mark , Quillen Karen , Burks Eric J 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Objectives
A subset of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients exhibit clinical features of cytokine storm. However, clinicopathologic features diagnostic of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) have not been reported. We studied the reticuloendothelial organs of 4 consecutive patients who died of COVID-19 and correlated with clinical and laboratory parameters to detect HLH.

Methods
Autopsies were performed on 4 patients who died of COVID-19. Routine H&E staining and immunohistochemical staining for CD163 were performed to detect hemophagocytosis. Clinical and laboratory results from premortem blood samples were used to calculate H-scores.

Results
All 4 cases demonstrated diffuse alveolar damage within the lungs. Three of the 4 cases had histologic evidence of hemophagocytosis within pulmonary lymph nodes. One case showed hemophagocytosis in the spleen but none showed hemophagocytosis in liver or bone marrow. Lymphophagocytosis was the predominant form of hemophagocytosis observed. One patient showed diagnostic features of HLH with an H-score of 217, while a second patient likely had HLH with a partial H-score of 145 due to a missing triglyceride level. The remaining 2 patients had H-scores of 131 and 96.

Conclusions
This is the first report of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2–associated HLH. Identification of HLH in a subset of patients with severe COVID-19 will inform clinical trials of therapeutic strategies.