bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Agrin in the Muscularis Mucosa Serves as a Biomarker Distinguishing Hyperplastic Polyps from Sessile Serrated Lesions
Authors: Rickelt Steffen , Condon Charlene , Mana Miyeko , Whittaker Charlie , Pfirschke Christina , Roper Jatin , Patil Deepa T. , Brown Ian , Mattia Anthony R. , Zukerberg Lawrence , Zhao Qing , Chetty Runjan , Lauwers Gregory Y. , Neyaz Azfar , Leijssen Lieve G.J. , Boylan Katherine , Yilmaz Omer H. , Deshpande Vikram , Hynes Richard O. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Purpose:
Sessile serrated lesions (SSL) are precursors to colon carcinoma, and their distinction from other polyps, in particular hyperplastic polyps (HP), presents significant diagnostic challenges. We evaluated expression patterns in colonic polyps of previously identified colon carcinoma–associated extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins to identify markers distinguishing SSLs from other polyps.

Experimental Design:
Gene-expression analyses of ECM proteins were performed using publicly available data on preneoplastic colonic polyps. In parallel, we evaluated by IHC the expression of agrin (AGRN) in over 400 colonic polyps, including HP, SSL with and without dysplasia, traditional serrated adenomas (TSA), and tubular adenomas (TA), and compared the consistency of standard histologic diagnosis of SSLs by experienced gastrointestinal pathologists with that of AGRN IHC.

Results:
Differential gene expression analysis and IHC identified AGRN, serine peptidase inhibitor (SERPINE2), and TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 1 (TIMP1) elevated in SSLs and HPs but decreased in TAs and absent in normal colon. AGRN-positive basal laminae were noted in all TA, TSA, HP, and SSL in distinguishable patterns, whereas other polyps and normal mucosa were negative. SSL with or without dysplasia consistently showed IHC staining for AGRN in the muscularis mucosae, which was absent in HP, TSA, TA, and other polyps. In contrast, histologic evaluation showed only weak interobserver agreement (kappa value = 0.493) in distinguishing SSLs.

Conclusions:
Muscularis mucosae–based AGRN immunostaining is a novel biomarker to distinguish SSL from HP, TSA, and TA, with a specificity of 97.1% and sensitivity of 98.9% and can assist in diagnosis of morphologically challenging colonic polyps.
Multi-Omics Analysis Identifies MGA as a Negative Regulator of the MYC Pathway in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Llabata Paula , Mitsuishi Yoichiro , Choi Peter S. , Cai Diana , Francis Joshua M. , Torres-Diz Manuel , Udeshi Namrata D. , Golomb Lior , Wu Zhong , Zhou Jin , Svinkina Tanya , Aguilera-Jimenez Estrella , Liu Yanli , Carr Steven A. , Sanchez-Cespedes Montse , Meyerson Matthew , Zhang Xiaoyang 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Genomic analysis of lung adenocarcinomas has revealed that the MGA gene, which encodes a heterodimeric partner of the MYC-interacting protein MAX, is significantly mutated or deleted in lung adenocarcinomas. Most of the mutations are loss of function for MGA, suggesting that MGA may act as a tumor suppressor. Here, we characterize both the molecular and cellular role of MGA in lung adenocarcinomas and illustrate its functional relevance in the MYC pathway. Although MGA and MYC interact with the same binding partner, MAX, and recognize the same E-box DNA motif, we show that the molecular function of MGA appears to be antagonistic to that of MYC. Using mass spectrometry–based affinity proteomics, we demonstrate that MGA interacts with a noncanonical PCGF6-PRC1 complex containing MAX and E2F6 that is involved in gene repression, while MYC is not part of this MGA complex, in agreement with previous studies describing the interactomes of E2F6 and PCGF6. Chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing and RNA sequencing assays show that MGA binds to and represses genes that are bound and activated by MYC. In addition, we show that, as opposed to the MYC oncoprotein, MGA acts as a negative regulator for cancer cell proliferation. Our study defines a novel MYC/MAX/MGA pathway, in which MYC and MGA play opposite roles in protein interaction, transcriptional regulation, and cellular proliferation.

Implications:
This study expands the range of key cancer-associated genes whose dysregulation is functionally equivalent to MYC activation and places MYC within a linear pathway analogous to cell-cycle or receptor tyrosine kinase/RAS/RAF pathways in lung adenocarcinomas.
Attention for Speaking: Prestimulus Motor-cortical Alpha Power Predicts Picture Naming Latencies
Authors: Jongman Suzanne R. , Roelofs Ardi , Lewis Ashley G. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
There is a range of variability in the speed with which a single speaker will produce the same word from one instance to another. Individual differences studies have shown that the speed of production and the ability to maintain attention are related. This study investigated whether fluctuations in production latencies can be explained by spontaneous fluctuations in speakers' attention just prior to initiating speech planning. A relationship between individuals' incidental attentional state and response performance is well attested in visual perception, with lower prestimulus alpha power associated with faster manual responses. Alpha is thought to have an inhibitory function: Low alpha power suggests less inhibition of a specific brain region, whereas high alpha power suggests more inhibition. Does the same relationship hold for cognitively demanding tasks such as word production? In this study, participants named pictures while EEG was recorded, with alpha power taken to index an individual's momentary attentional state. Participants' level of alpha power just prior to picture presentation and just prior to speech onset predicted subsequent naming latencies. Specifically, higher alpha power in the motor system resulted in faster speech initiation. Our results suggest that one index of a lapse of attention during speaking is reduced inhibition of motor-cortical regions: Decreased motor-cortical alpha power indicates reduced inhibition of this area while early stages of production planning unfold, which leads to increased interference from motor-cortical signals and longer naming latencies. This study shows that the language production system is not impermeable to the influence of attention.
Intermittent Absence of Control during Reinforcement Learning Interferes with Pavlovian Bias in Action Selection
Authors: Csifcsák Gábor , Melsæter Eirik , Mittner Matthias 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The ability to control the occurrence of rewarding and punishing events is crucial for our well-being. Two ways to optimize performance are to follow heuristics like Pavlovian biases to approach reward and avoid loss or to rely more on slowly accumulated stimulus–action associations. Although reduced control over outcomes has been linked to suboptimal decision-making in clinical conditions associated with learned helplessness, it is unclear how uncontrollability of the environment is related to the arbitration between different response strategies. This study directly tested whether a behavioral manipulation designed to induce learned helplessness in healthy adults (intermittent loss of control over feedback in a reinforcement learning task; “yoking”) would modulate the magnitude of Pavlovian bias and the neurophysiological signature of cognitive control (frontal midline theta power) in healthy adults. Using statistical analysis and computational modeling of behavioral data and electroencephalographic signals, we found stronger Pavlovian influences and alterations in frontal theta activity in the yoked group. However, these effects were not accompanied by reduced performance in experimental blocks with regained control, indicating that our behavioral manipulation was not potent enough for inducing helplessness and impaired coping ability with task demands. We conclude that the level of contingency between instrumental choices and rewards/punishments modulates Pavlovian bias during value-based decision-making, probably via interfering with the implementation of cognitive control. These findings might have implications for understanding the mechanisms underlying helplessness in various psychiatric conditions.
Al-Ġazālī ed Ibn Taymiyya: la questione dei pii antenati
Authors: Di Donato Marco 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The purpose of this article is to read, under a different light, the relationship between al-Ġazālī and Ibn Taymiyya thanks to the analysis of their writings (from Iḥyāʾ ʿulūm al-dīn to Ilǧām al-ʿawāmm ʿan ʿilm al-kalām) in order to find commonalities and differences in the ideological proposal of the two authors. In line with Michot, Hoover, Anjum and Rapoport, this article includes Ibn Taymiyya in the ideological debate of the Islamic thought and provides evidences in order to not consider him only as the forefather of radicalism and fundamentalism, but rather a complex and sophisticated jurist, theologue, thinker. A man of his time. This aim is reached by investigating the concept of “Salafism” in both authors and analyzing the importance of the first community example in both visions and philosophical proposals.
Spatial Distribution of Global Landscape Evaporation in the Early Twenty-First Century by Means of a Generalized Complementary Approach
Authors: Brutsaert Wilfried , Cheng Lei , Zhang Lu 
Published: December 2019

AbstractA generalized implementation of the complementary principle was applied to estimate global land surface evaporation and its spatial distribution. The single parameter in the method was calibrated as a function of aridity index, mainly on the basis of runoff and precipitation data for 524 catchments in different parts of the world. The spatial distribution of annual evaporation from Earth’s land surfaces for 2001–13 was then calculated at a spatial resolution of 0.5°, by means of an available global net radiation dataset (commonly referred to as CERES SYN1deg-Day) and a global forcing dataset (referred to as CRU-NCEP v7) for near-surface temperature, humidity, wind speed, and air pressure. The results are shown to agree with reliable previous estimates by more elaborate methods. The global average evaporation for 2001–13 was found to be 472.65 mm a−1 or 36.96 W m−2. The present method should allow not only future updates but also retroactive historical analyses with routine data of net radiation, near-surface air temperature, humidity, wind speed, and precipitation; its main advantage is that the environmental aridity is deduced from atmospheric conditions and requires no knowledge of surface characteristics, such as soil moisture, vegetation, and terrain, which are highly variable and often difficult to quantify at larger spatial scales. Because they are strictly measurement based, the results can serve also as a reality check for different aspects of climate and related models.
A Novel Dual Path Gated Recurrent Unit Model for Sea Surface Salinity Prediction
Authors: Song Tao , Wang Zihe , Xie Pengfei , Han Nisheng , Jiang Jingyu , Xu Danya 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAccurate and real-time sea surface salinity (SSS) prediction is an elemental part of marine environmental monitoring. It is believed that the intrinsic correlation and patterns of historical SSS data can improve prediction accuracy, but they have been not fully considered in statistical methods. In recent years, deep-learning methods have been successfully applied for time series prediction and achieved excellent results by mining intrinsic correlation of time series data. In this work, we propose a dual path gated recurrent unit (GRU) network (DPG) to address the SSS prediction accuracy challenge. Specifically, DPG uses a convolutional neural network (CNN) to extract the overall long-term pattern of time series, and then a recurrent neural network (RNN) is used to track the local short-term pattern of time series. The CNN module is composed of a 1D CNN without pooling, and the RNN part is composed of two parallel but different GRU layers. Experiments conducted on the South China Sea SSS dataset from the Reanalysis Dataset of the South China Sea (REDOS) show the feasibility and effectiveness of DPG in predicting SSS values. It achieved accuracies of 99.29%, 98.44%, and 96.85% in predicting the coming 1, 5, and 14 days, respectively. As well, DPG achieves better performance on prediction accuracy and stability than autoregressive integrated moving averages, support vector regression, and artificial neural networks. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that data intrinsic correlation has been applied to predict SSS values.
In charge of safeguarding the public interest: the role of goal clarity in shaping public service motivation and the acceptance of unethical behaviours
Authors: Ripoll Guillem 
Published: December 2019

Ethics are important for personal, organizational and societal development. Although the literature has isolated some remedies and causes of unethical attitudes and behaviours, there is a still a need for further research. When focusing on the public context, it has been suggested that the motivation to serve the public interest has a negative relationship with different unethical outcomes. Thus, one interesting avenue of research is to explain how public service motivation can be enhanced by the outcome of certain managerial practices, which may also lead to ethical benefits indirectly. Using data collected from social workers in Catalonia (Spain), this article confirms that goal clarity directly increases the levels of public service motivation and indirectly reduces the acceptance of unethical behaviours by eliciting public service motivation. Research and practical implications of the findings are discussed. Points for practitioners This study highlights the importance of public service-oriented institutional contexts in indirectly shaping unethical outcomes. The findings recommend to public managers and practitioners to provide goal clarity (through certain human-resource management practices such as appraisal or job design) because it increases public service motivation and indirectly reduces the acceptance of unethical behaviour.
From ‘Women in Science’ to ‘Gendering of Knowledge’: A Review Essay on Feminist Studies of Science in India
Authors: Varughese Shiju Sam 
Published: December 2019

Sumi Krishna and Gita Chadha (Eds.), Feminists and Science: Critiques and Changing Perspectives in India, Vol. 1. Kolkata: Stree, 2015, xlvi + 302 pp., ₹500.00, ISBN 978–93–81345–07–8. Sumi Krishna and Gita Chadha (Eds.), Feminists and Science: Critiques and Changing Perspectives in India, Vol. 2. New Delhi: SAGE Publications and Kolkata: Stree, 2017, xliii + 329 pp., ₹895.00, ISBN 978–93–81345–19–1.
Regional citrate versus systemic heparin anticoagulation for continuous renal replacement therapy in critically ill children
Authors: Sık Guntulu , Demirbuga Asuman , Annayev Agageldi , Citak Agop 
Published: December 2019

Objectives: Anticoagulation is used to prevent filter clotting in patients undergoing continuous renal replacement therapy. Regional citrate anticoagulation is associated with lower rates of bleeding complications and prolongs the filter life span; however, a number of metabolic side effects had been associated with this therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect and safety of citrate versus heparin anticoagulation for continuous renal replacement therapy in critically ill children. Methods: A retrospective comparative cohort study. Department of Pediatric Intensive Care, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University School of Medicine. Results: From August 2016 to August 2018, 45 patients (19 in the citrate group and 26 in the heparin group) were included. A total of 101 hemofilters were used in all therapies: 44 in the citrate group (total continuous renal replacement therapy time: 2699 h) and 57 in the heparin group (total continuous renal replacement therapy time: 2383 h). The median circuit lifetime was significantly longer for regional citrate anticoagulation (53.0; interquartile range, 40–70 h) than for heparin anticoagulation (40.25; interquartile range, 22.75–53.5 h; p = 0.025). Mortality rates were similar in both groups (31.58% vs 30.77%). The most common indication for dialysis was hypervolemia in both groups. Transfusion rates were 1.65 units (interquartile range, 0.5–2.38) with heparin and 0.8 units (interquartile range, 0.3–2.0) with citrate (p = 0.32). Clotting-related hemofilter failure occurred in 11.36% of filters in the citrate group compared with 26.31% of filters in the heparin group. Conclusion: Our study showed that citrate is superior in terms of safety and efficacy, with longer filter life span. Regional citrate should be considered as a better anticoagulation method than heparin for continuous renal replacement therapy in critically ill children.
Hong Kong Poison Information Centre: Annual report 2018
Authors: Chow Tin Yat Anthony , Chan Chi Keung , Ng Sze Hong , Tse Man Li 
Published: December 2019

Objective:The aim of this study was to report and analyse the poisoning data of Hong Kong Poison Information Centre in 2018.Methods:In 2018, all poisoning cases received by Hong Kong Poison Information Centre were retrieved from its database, Poison Information and Clinical Management System, for analysis.Results:A total of 3960 poisoned cases were analysed. There were 1770 male patients (44.7%), 2188 female patients (55.3%) and 2 sex‐unspecified patients (<0.1%). The majority of cases (68.3%) were between 20 and 69 years old, and 9.9% involved children of 0–5 years old. The common causes of poisoning were suspected self‐harm/suicidal attempt (36.6%), unintentional exposure (18.4%) and abusive substance use (11.1%). Excluding the common co‐ingestant ethanol, the five commonest types of poison were benzodiazepines, paracetamol, Chinese herbal medicine, household products and zopiclone. Most patients were managed with supportive measures, while 13.5% and 13.7% of consultation cases were treated by decontamination and antidotes, respectively. The majority of cases had uneventful recovery; 0.8% resulted in death and 4.9% had major outcomes. A total of eight interesting cases were discussed.Conclusion:This 13th annual report provided the updated epidemiological information on poisoning pattern in Hong Kong and highlighted important changes in comparison with our previous reports.
Pre-operative direct puncture embolization of head and neck hypervascular tumors using SQUID 12
Authors: Pedicelli Alessandro , Lozupone Emilio , Valente Iacopo , Snider Francesco , Rigante Mario , D’Argento Francesco , Alexandre Andrea , Garignano Giuseppe , Chiumarulo Luigi , Paludetti Gaetano , Colosimo Cesare 
Published: December 2019

Objective The authors have evaluated their experience in pre-operative direct puncture embolization of hypervascular tumors of the head and neck using SQUID 12, an embolic liquid agent. Methods Between July 2016 and March 2019, the authors retrospectively reviewed clinical, embolization and surgical data of 11 consecutive patients with 12 hypervascular head and neck tumors who had undergone pre-operative embolization using SQUID 12. Percutaneous embolizations were performed by inserting a 19-22 Gauge needle directly into the tumor under ultrasound, fluoroscopic and/or endoscopic guidance. The hub of the needle was connected to a 15-cm DMSO-compatible extension tube, and the SQUID 12 was injected. Results Total or near-total devascularization was achieved in 11 over 12 cases. Complete en-bloc tumor removal by surgery was achieved in all cases. Only one patient required blood transfusion. No major periprocedural adverse events were recorded. Conclusions Direct puncture embolization of hypervascular tumors of the head and neck using SQUID 12 seems to be safe and effective. It may offer almost complete devascularization due to homogenous, deep penetration in the tumor, with optimal visibility of the agent throughout the percutaneous procedure. It may reduce intraoperative blood loss and the need for transfusion, thus facilitating complete surgical resection.
Adaptive dose-finding based on safety and feasibility in early-phase clinical trials of adoptive cell immunotherapy
Authors: Wages Nolan A , Fadul Camilo E 
Published: December 2019

Background/aims: Dose feasibility is a challenge that may arise in the development of adoptive T cell therapies for cancer. In early-phase clinical trials, dose is quantified either by a fixed or per unit body weight number of cells infused. It may not be feasible, however, to administer a patient’s assigned dose due to an insufficient number of cells harvested or functional heterogeneity of the product. The study objective becomes to identify the maximum tolerated dose with high feasibility of being administered. This article describes a new dose-finding method that adaptively accounts for safety and feasibility endpoints in guiding dose allocation. Methods: We propose an adaptive dose-finding method that integrates accumulating feasibility and safety data to select doses for participant cohorts in early-phase trials examining adoptive cell immunotherapy. We sequentially model the probability of dose-limiting toxicity and the probability of feasibility using independent beta-binomial models. The probability model for toxicity borrows information across all dose levels using isotonic regression, allowing participants infused at a lower dose than his or her planned dose to contribute safety data to the dose-finding algorithm. We applied the proposed methodology in a single simulated trial and evaluated its operating characteristics through extensive simulation studies. Results: In simulations conducted for a phase I study of adoptive immunotherapy for newly diagnosed glioblastoma, the proposed method demonstrates the ability to identify accurately the feasible maximum tolerated doses and to treat participants at and around these doses. Over 10 hypothesized scenarios studied, the percentage of correctly selecting the true feasible and maximum tolerated dose ranged from 50% to 90% with sample sizes averaging between 21 and 24 participants. A comparison to the only known existing method accounting for safety and feasibility yields competitive performance. Conclusion: We have developed a new practical adaptive dose-finding method to assess feasibility in early-phase adoptive cell therapy trials. A design that incorporates feasibility, as a function of the quantity and quality of the product manufactured, in addition to safety will have an impact on the recommended phase II doses in studies that evaluate patient outcomes.