bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influencing factors of cardiorespiratory fitness in allogeneic stem cell transplant candidates prior to transplantation
Authors: Limbach Matthias , Kuehl Rea , Dreger Peter , Luft Thomas , Rosenberger Friederike , Kleindienst Nikolaus , Friedmann-Bette Birgit , Bondong Andrea , Bohus Martin , Wiskemann Joachim 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) seems to be prognostic prior to allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Influencing factors of CRF in allo-HSCT candidates have not been studied so far. Aim was to identify potentially influencing factors on CRF.

Methods
To assess CRF, a maximal cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) was performed on average 2.6 ± 7.2 days prior to admission. A regression analysis was conducted, with the following predictors: gender, age, body mass index (BMI), time between last therapy and allo-HSCT (t_Therapies), number of cardiotoxic therapies (n_Cardiotox), number of transplantations (n_Transplantations), comorbidity index (HCT-CI), hemoglobin level of the last 3 months (area under the curve), and physical activity.

Results
A total of 194 patients performed a CPET. VO2peak was significantly reduced compared with reference data. In total, VO2peak was 21.4 ml/min/kg (− 27.5%, p < 0.05). Men showed a significant larger percentage difference from reference value (− 29.1%, p < 0.05) than women (− 24.4%). VO2peak was significantly (p < 0.05) influenced by age (β = − 0.11), female gender (β = − 3.01), BMI (β = − 0.44), n_Cardiotox (β = − 0.73), hemoglobin level (β = 0.56), and physical activity prior to diagnosis (β = 0.10).

Conclusions
Our study demonstrates a decreased CRF indicating the potential need of prehabilitative exercise. We revealed some influencing factors on CRF. Those patients could benefit the most from exercise.
The links between the Madden-Julian Oscillation and European weather regimes
Authors: Lee Joshua Chun Kwang , Lee Robert William , Woolnough Steven James , Boxall Luke John 
Published: May 2020

AbstractSkillful weather forecasting on sub-seasonal timescales is important to enable users to make cost-effective decisions. Forecast skill can be expected to be mediated by the prediction of atmospheric flow patterns, often known as weather regimes, over the relevant region. Here, we show how the Grosswetterlagen (GWL), a set of 29 European weather regimes, can be modulated by the extra-tropical teleconnection from the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO). Together, these GWL regimes represent the large-scale flow characteristics observed in the four North Atlantic-European classical weather regimes (NAE-CWRs), while individually capturing synoptic scale flow details. By matching each GWL regime to the nearest NAE-CWR, we reveal GWL regimes which occur during the transition stages between the NAE-CWRs and show the importance of capturing the added synoptic detail of GWL regimes when determining their teleconnection pattern from the MJO. The occurrence probabilities of certain GWL regimes are significantly changed 10–15 days after certain MJO phases, exhibiting teleconnection patterns similar to their NAE-CWR matches but often with larger occurrence anomalies, over fewer consecutive MJO phases. These changes in occurrence probabilities are likely related to MJO-induced changes in the persistence and transition probabilities. Other GWL regimes are not significantly influenced by the MJO. These findings demonstrate how the MJO can modify the preferred evolution of the NAE atmospheric flow, which is important for sub-seasonal weather forecasting.
Hydrogeological characterization of an alpine aquifer system in the Canadian Rocky Mountains
Authors: Christensen Craig William , Hayashi Masaki , Bentley Laurence R. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractGroundwater storage in alpine regions is essential for maintaining baseflows in mountain streams. Recent studies have shown that common alpine landforms (e.g., talus and moraine) have substantial groundwater storage capacity, but the hydrogeological connectivity between individual landforms has not been understood. This study characterizes the hydrogeology of an alpine cirque basin in the Canadian Rocky Mountains that contains typical alpine landforms (talus, meadow, moraines) and hydrological features (tarn, streams, and springs). Geological, hydrological, and hydrochemical observations were used to understand the overall hydrogeological setting of the study basin, and three different geophysical methods (electrical resistivity tomography, seismic refraction tomography, and ground penetrating radar) were used to characterize the subsurface structure and connectivity, and to develop a hydrogeological conceptual model. Geophysical imaging shows that the talus is typically 20–40 m thick and highly heterogeneous. The meadow sediments are only up to 11 m thick but are part of a 30–40-m-thick accumulation of unconsolidated material that fills a bedrock overdeepening (i.e. a closed, subglacial basin). A minor, shallow groundwater system feeds springs on the talus and streams on the meadow, whereas a deep system in the moraine supplies most of the water to the basin outlet springs, thereby serving as a ‘gate keeper’ of the basin. Although the hydrologic functions of the talus in this study are substantially different from other locations, primarily due to differences in bedrock lithology and geomorphic processes, the general conceptual framework developed in this study is expected to be applicable to other alpine regions.
Fine-tuning the regulation of Cas9 expression levels for efficient CRISPR-Cas9 mediated recombination in Streptomyces
Authors: Ye Suhui , Enghiad Behnam , Zhao Huimin , Takano Eriko 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
CRISPR-Cas9 has proven as a very powerful gene editing tool for Actinomyces, allowing scarless and precise genome editing in selected strains of these biotechnologically relevant microorganisms. However, its general application in actinomycetes has been limited due to its inefficacy when applying the system in an untested strain. Here, we provide evidence of how Cas9 levels are toxic for the model actinomycetes Streptomyces coelicolor M145 and Streptomyces lividans TK24, which show delayed or absence of growth. We overcame this toxicity by lowering Cas9 levels and have generated a set of plasmids in which Cas9 expression is either controlled by theophylline-inducible or constitutive promoters. We validated the targeting of these CRISPR-Cas9 system using the glycerol uptake operon and the actinorhodin biosynthesis gene cluster. Our results highlight the importance of adjusting Cas9 expression levels specifically in strains to gain optimum and efficient gene editing in Actinomyces.
Psychological resilience and active aging among older people with mobility limitations
Authors: Siltanen Sini , Tourunen Anu , Saajanaho Milla , Palmberg Lotta , Portegijs Erja , Rantanen Taina 
Published: May 2020

AbstractActive aging refers to striving for well-being through preferred activity and may be restricted with declining mobility. We investigated whether psychological resilience, i.e., the ability to tolerate hardship, can aid older people in being active despite mobility limitations. Participants were 961 community-dwelling persons aged 75, 80, or 85 years living in Jyväskylä, Central Finland. Mobility limitations were indicated as self-reported difficulty in walking 2 km. Categories were no difficulty (reference), difficulty, and unable to walk. Resilience was assessed with the 10-item Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale and active aging with the University of Jyvaskyla Active Aging scale. Data were analyzed with OLS regression analyses, which were stratified by age. In all age-groups, having difficulties walking or being unable to walk 2 km was associated with lower active aging scores. Resilience moderated this association especially among the 75-year-olds, but not among the 85-year-olds: The higher the resilience score, the higher the active aging score among those reporting no or some walking difficulties. Those unable to walk 2 km had lower active aging scores irrespective of resilience level. Psychological resilience may alleviate the negative effects of early phase walking difficulties on active aging but may be insufficient to compensate for more severe walking limitations that restrict not only function but also autonomy.
Synthesis of the Thomsen-Friedenreich-antigen (TF-antigen) and binding of Galectin-3 to TF-antigen presenting neo-glycoproteins
Authors: Hoffmann Marius , Hayes Marc R. , Pietruszka Jörg , Elling Lothar 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe Thomsen-Friedenreich-antigen, Gal(β1–3)GalNAc(α1-O-Ser/Thr (TF-antigen), is presented on the surface of most human cancer cell types. Its interaction with galectin 1 and galectin 3 leads to tumor cell aggregation and promotes cancer metastasis and T-cell apoptosis in epithelial tissue. To further explore multivalent binding between the TF-antigen and galectin-3, the TF-antigen was enzymatically synthesized in high yields with GalNAc(α1-EG3-azide as the acceptor substrate by use of the glycosynthase BgaC/Glu233Gly. Subsequently, it was coupled to alkynyl-functionalized bovine serum albumin via a copper(I)-catalyzed alkyne-azide cycloaddition. This procedure yielded neo-glycoproteins with tunable glycan multivalency for binding studies. Glycan densities between 2 and 53 glycan residues per protein molecule were obtained by regulated alkynyl-modification of the lysine residues of BSA. The number of coupled glycans was quantified by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and a trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid assay. The binding efficiency of the neo-glycoproteins with human galectin-3 and the effect of multivalency was investigated and assessed using an enzyme-linked lectin assay. Immobilized neo-glycoproteins of all modification densities showed binding of Gal-3 with increasing glycan density. However, multivalent glycan presentation did not result in a higher binding affinity. In contrast, inhibition of Gal-3 binding to asialofetuin was effective. The relative inhibitory potency was increased by a factor of 142 for neo-glycoproteins displaying 10 glycans/protein in contrast to highly decorated inhibitors with only 2-fold increase. In summary, the functionality of BSA-based neo-glycoproteins presenting the TF-antigen as multivalent inhibitors for Gal-3 was demonstrated.
Erfolg und Misserfolg von kommunikationswissenschaftlichen DFG-Forschungsverbünden: Bilanz, Faktoren, Konsequenzen
Authors: Vowe Gerhard , Meißner Florian 
Published: May 2020

ZusammenfassungWie können die Chancen des Erfolgs von Anträgen bei der DFG auf Finanzierung kommunikationswissenschaftlicher Forschungsverbünde erhöht werden? Der Beitrag gibt eine Antwort in drei Schritten.(1) Bilanz: In den letzten zehn Jahren wurden mindestens 38 Anträge auf Forschungsverbünde mit kommunikationswissenschaftlicher Beteiligung gestellt; davon war ca. die Hälfte erfolgreich. Um 2010 starteten drei mittelgroße Verbünde und danach noch einige kleine internationale Verbünde. Die Aktivitäten in der Verbundforschung haben sich zwar deutlich intensiviert, aber die Kommunikationswissenschaft schöpft ihr gewachsenes Potenzial bei weitem nicht aus. Sie liegt bei Forschungsverbünden, aber auch bei Einzelprojekten pro Professur, weit hinter den anderen Sozialwissenschaften zurück und erst recht hinter Fächern aus anderen Wissenschaftsbereichen. Diese Kluft hat sich mit dem Ausbau der Kommunikationswissenschaft sogar noch vergrößert.(2) Diagnose: Über Erfolg und Misserfolg von Anträgen entscheiden sechs Faktoren, und zwar Antragsqualität, Qualifikationsprofil der Antragstellenden, Kompetenz der Gutachtenden, Entscheidungsprozesse in Gremien, Unterstützung durch Universitätsleitungen und Inanspruchnahme der DFG-Beratung.(3) Konsequenzen: Um die Wahrscheinlichkeit von Erfolgen zu erhöhen, sollten die fünf zentralen Akteure vor allem Folgendes tun:Potenzielle Initiatorinnen und Initiatoren sollten DFG-Forschungsverbünden höhere Priorität einräumen als bisher und als anderen Aufgaben.Gutachtende sollten konsistent argumentieren, also begründet befürworten oder ablehnen, aber eine Befürwortung nicht mit eigenen Vorschlägen verknüpfen.Die DFG-Geschäftsstelle sollte fächerscharfe Daten zur Förderung verfügbar machen, um den Fächern zu ermöglichen, ihre Stärken und Schwächen zu erkennen.Die Universitätsleitungen sollten die Beantragung von Forschungsverbünden stärker fördern und fordern.Die DGPuK sollte dem Thema Forschungsverbünde höhere Priorität einräumen als bisher und zum Ziel setzen, dass zu den anderen Sozialwissenschaften aufgeschlossen wird.
Crystallization of Mechanically Alloyed Ni50Ti50 and Ti50Ni25Cu25 Shape Memory Alloys
Authors: Salwa Piotr , Goryczka Tomasz 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe Ni50Ti50and Ti50Ni25Cu25alloys were produced in the form of powder using the high-energy ball milling. In the as-milled state, both alloys revealed presence of an amorphous state with a small amount of nanocrystalline areas. The non-isothermal DSC heating curves were used to investigate the crystallization process. Temperatures and activation energy of crystallization were determined. In both alloys, the crystallization occurred at temperatures range from 777 to 813 K, dependently on the heating rate. The activation energy values determined by the Kissinger and Ozawa method were comparable for both alloys and ranged from 410 to 429 kJ/mol.
Transgenic Overexpression of the Disordered Prion Protein N1 Fragment in Mice Does Not Protect Against Neurodegenerative Diseases Due to Impaired ER Translocation
Authors: Mohammadi Behnam , Linsenmeier Luise , Shafiq Mohsin , Puig Berta , Galliciotti Giovanna , Giudici Camilla , Willem Michael , Eden Thomas , Koch-Nolte Friedrich , Lin Yu-Hsuan , Tatzelt Jörg , Glatzel Markus , Altmeppen Hermann C. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe structurally disordered N-terminal half of the prion protein (PrPC) is constitutively released into the extracellular space by an endogenous proteolytic cleavage event. Once liberated, this N1 fragment acts neuroprotective in ischemic conditions and interferes with toxic peptides associated with neurodegenerative diseases, such as amyloid-beta (Aβ) in Alzheimer’s disease. Since analog protective effects of N1 in prion diseases, such as Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, have not been studied, and given that the protease releasing N1 has not been identified to date, we have generated and characterized transgenic mice overexpressing N1 (TgN1). Upon intracerebral inoculation of TgN1 mice with prions, no protective effects were observed at the levels of survival, clinical course, neuropathological, or molecular assessment. Likewise, primary neurons of these mice did not show protection against Aβ toxicity. Our biochemical and morphological analyses revealed that this lack of protective effects is seemingly due to an impaired ER translocation of the disordered N1 resulting in its cytosolic retention with an uncleaved signal peptide. Thus, TgN1 mice represent the first animal model to prove the inefficient ER translocation of intrinsically disordered domains (IDD). In contrast to earlier studies, our data challenge roles of cytoplasmic N1 as a cell penetrating peptide or as a potent “anti-prion” agent. Lastly, our study highlights both the importance of structured domains in the nascent chain for proteins to be translocated and aspects to be considered when devising novel N1-based therapeutic approaches against neurodegenerative diseases.
A Prospective Pilot Study to Identify a Myocarditis Cohort who may Safely Resume Sports Activities 3 Months after Diagnosis
Authors: Patriki D. , Baltensperger N. , Berg J. , Cooper L. T. , Kissel C. K. , Kottwitz J. , Lovrinovic M. , Manka R. , Scherff F. , Schmied C. , Tanner F. C. , Luescher T. F. , Heidecker Bettina 
Published: May 2020

AbstractInternational cardiovascular society recommendations to return to sports activities following acute myocarditis are based on expert consensus in the absence of prospective studies. We prospectively enrolled 30 patients with newly diagnosed myocarditis based on clinical parameters, laboratory measurements and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging with mildly reduced or preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) with a follow-up of 12 months. Cessation of physical activity was recommended for 3 months. The average age was 35 (19–80) years with 73% male patients. One case of non-sustained ventricular tachycardia was recorded during 48-h-Holter electrocardiogram. Except for this case, all patients were allowed to resume physical exercise after 3 months. At 6- (n = 26) and 12-month (n = 19) follow-up neither cardiac events nor worsening LVEF were recorded. The risk of cardiac events at 1 year after diagnosis of myocarditis appears to be low after resumption of exercise after 3 months among patients who recover from acute myocarditis.
The Assessment of the Paediatric Athlete
Authors: Pieles Guido E. , Oberhoffer Renate 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe success of systematic early age talent development has led to the professionalisation of youth sports academies used by clubs and governing bodies alike, and sports physicians are nowadays commonly confronted with paediatric cardiological problems. Medical cardiac care of the paediatric athlete is however in its infancy, and the international guidelines that are present for adult athletes, are not yet available. Similarly, reference data for ECG and echocardiography are incomplete. The aim of this article is to provide and introduction to the cardiac care of the paediatric athlete to facilitate healthy and above all, safe talent development, but also provide guidance on how to distinguish adaptive, beneficial cardiovascular remodelling from underlying pathology of congenital or inherited cardiovascular disease. Differences in presentation, diagnosis and treatment between childhood and adult athletes are highlighted and can educate the reader in the emerging field of paediatric sports cardiology.
Unlocking the Value of White Blood Cells for Heart Failure Diagnosis
Authors: Meier Stefan , Henkens Michiel , Heymans Stephane , Robinson Emma Louise 
Published: May 2020

AbstractCardiovascular disease (CVD) is the single greatest cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Inciting 85% of CVD fatalities is heart failure, often resulting in or from a myocardial infarction. Early detection along with pharmacological treatment and lifestyle adaptation can result in better prognosis. Biomarkers are molecular or physiological measures that indicate disease presence, status, and severity. However, not all forms of heart failure are created equal. Current mainstay biomarkers for heart failure, including NT-pro-BNP and ejection fraction, lack sensitivity for many patients. Circulating white blood cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are emerging as surrogate biopsies, reflecting molecular changes in the heart. We discuss the advantages of PBMCs over other sources, as well as limitations and considerations. We urge medical center biobanks to collect, isolate and store circulating white blood cells as a rich source of biomarkers to catalyze the discovery of novel diagnostic tools for heart failure.
Anxiolytic Effects of 8-O-Acetyl Shanzhiside Methylester on Acute and Chronic Anxiety via Inflammatory Response Inhibition and Excitatory/Inhibitory Transmission Imbalance
Authors: Sun Ting , Luo Li , Tian Qin-Qin , Wang Wen-Ju , Liu Qing-Qing , Yang Le , Zhang Kun , Zhang Wei , Zhao Ming-Gao , Yang Qi 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAnxiety leads to a global decline in quality of life and increase in social burden. However, treatments are limited, because the molecular mechanisms underlying complex emotional disorders are poorly understood. We explored the anxiolytic effects of 8-O-acetyl shanzhiside methylester (8-OaS), an active component in Lamiophlomis rotata (L. rotata; Benth.) or Kudo, a traditional herb that has been shown to be effective in the clinical treatment of chronic pain syndromes in China. Two mouse anxiety models were used: forced swimming stress (FSS)–induced anxiety and complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA)–induced chronic inflammatory pain. All animal behaviors were analyzed on the elevated plus maze and in the open-field test. 8-OaS significantly ameliorated anxiety-like behaviors in both anxiety models and inhibited the translation enhancement of GluN2A, GluN2B, and PSD95. Moreover, a reduction in GABA receptors disrupted the excitatory/inhibitory (E/I) balance in the basolateral amygdala (BLA), indicated by increased excitatory and decreased inhibitory presynaptic release. 8-OaS also blocked microglia activation and reduced the phosphorylation of p38, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), NF-κB p65, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in the BLA of anxiety mice. 8-OaS exhibits obvious anxiolytic effects by regulating the excitatory/inhibitory (E/I) synaptic transmission and attenuating inflammatory responses in the BLA.
Digital twin-based sustainable intelligent manufacturing: a review
Authors: He Bin , Bai Kai-Jian 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAs the next-generation manufacturing system, intelligent manufacturing enables better quality, higher productivity, lower cost, and increased manufacturing flexibility. The concept of sustainability is receiving increasing attention, and sustainable manufacturing is evolving. The digital twin is an emerging technology used in intelligent manufacturing that can grasp the state of intelligent manufacturing systems in real-time and predict system failures. Sustainable intelligent manufacturing based on a digital twin has advantages in practical applications. To fully understand the intelligent manufacturing that provides the digital twin, this study reviews both technologies and discusses the sustainability of intelligent manufacturing. Firstly, the relevant content of intelligent manufacturing, including intelligent manufacturing equipment, systems, and services, is analyzed. In addition, the sustainability of intelligent manufacturing is discussed. Subsequently, a digital twin and its application are introduced along with the development of intelligent manufacturing based on the digital twin technology. Finally, combined with the current status, the future development direction of intelligent manufacturing is presented.
Digital removable partial dentures
Authors: Tamimi Faleh , Almufleh Balqees , Caron Eric , Alageel Omar 
Published: May 2020

AbstractRecently, digital techniques have revolutionized the production of partial removable dental prostheses (PRDPs). This chapter reviews current systems for PRDP production, how they are done in clinical practice, advantages and limitations, and current literature regarding their clinical performance. Currently, several digital techniques are available in the market for PRDP production including subtractive and additive techniques. Subtractive milling technique is mainly effective for non-metal PRDP, whereas additive techniques are used mainly in metal PRDP. Digital techniques expand the range of materials that can be utilized for PRDP production, including new polymers (PEEK), and facilitate previously difficult procedures such as casting titanium PRDP, which can be produced more easily with digital methods. This review shows that available evidence suggests that these techniques have promising clinical results. Laser sintering resulted in higher patient’s satisfaction compared to conventional PRDP. However, long-term clinical trials are recommended to explore the long-term effects of these techniques. Moreover, this review showed the lack of evidence on the clinical performance of non-metal partial removable dental prostheses.