bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physicochemical and bread‐making characteristics of millstreams obtained from an experimental long‐flow mill in hard red spring wheat
Authors: Baasandorj Tsogtbayar , Ohm Jae‐Bom , Simsek Senay 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveLimited data have been reported on the evaluation of physicochemical characteristics in millstreams (MS) obtained from large‐scale mills for hard red spring (HRS) wheat. Therefore, this research was designed to evaluate the MIAG‐Multomat mill that is a large‐scale experimental mill imitating the commercial flour mills.FindingsThe MIAG‐Multomat mill yielded different trends across MS for ash and arabinoxylan. Specifically, reduction MS had lower ash content but higher arabinoxylan content than break MS. Moreover, arabinoxylan and other factors such as damaged starch content and coarse particle (over 600‐µm) percent had significant (p < .05) correlations with bread‐making traits including mixograph peak time, water absorption, and bread loaf volume, while ash had nonsignificant correlations with these quality traits.ConclusionsThis research investigated the influence of physicochemical characteristics on bread‐making quality for the MIAG‐Multomat MS. Overall, the arabinoxylan, starch damage content, and coarse particle percent rather than flour ash content were identified as primary physicochemical components to influence variation of bread‐making traits for MIAG‐Multomat MS for HRS wheat.Significance and NoveltyThe knowledge on composition of MS obtained in this research is valuable to optimize the functionality of flour blends, especially, in the long‐flow milling of HRS wheat.
Fabrication of Transparent Polymer Optical Device Combined with Selective Visible‐Light Transmission and Zero‐Birefringence
Authors: Chen Dan , Wang Yunming , Fu Yue , Zhou Huamin 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe formation of optical products using the traditional molten processing methods is a direct and extensive application of optical fields, and it suffers from intrinsic birefringence and optical distortion due to polymer orientation and residual stress. Here, a unique concept is proposed by assembling photonic crystal nanospheres without orientation in a rubbery state to realize transparent optical devices with zero‐birefringence and high transparency. By developing fabrication techniques for transparent zero‐birefringence optical devices, certain outstanding performances are realized, including no optical distortion and excellent mechanical properties. Simultaneously, by controlling the particle size of the photonic crystal, one has successfully obtained transparent optical devices with the visible light selective transmission are successfully obtained. The transparent zero‐birefringence optical devices are promising candidates for potential applications for fine optical devices. The work opens up an exciting new fabrication route for zero‐birefringence and highly transparent polymer devices that have been difficult to create using traditional methods.
Safety and efficacy of Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells with teriparatide for osteoporotic vertebral fractures: A phase I/IIa study
Authors: Shim JeongHyun , Kim Kyoung-Tae , Kim Kwang Gi , Choi Un-Yong , Kyung Jae Won , Sohn Seil , Lim Sang Heon , Choi Hyemin , Ahn Tae-Keun , Choi Hye Jeong , Shin Dong-Eun , Han Inbo 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs) are serious health problems. We conducted a randomized, open-label, phase I/IIa study to determine the feasibility, safety, and effectiveness of Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) and teriparatide (parathyroid hormone 1-34) in OVCFs. Twenty subjects with recent OVCFs were randomized to teriparatide (20 μg/day, daily subcutaneous injection for 6 months) treatment alone or combined treatment of WJ-MSCs (intramedullary [4 × 107 cells] injection and intravenous [2 × 108 cells] injection after 1 week) and teriparatide (20 μg/day, daily subcutaneous injection for 6 months). Fourteen subjects (teriparatide alone, n = 7; combined treatment, n = 7) completed follow-up assessment (visual analog scale [VAS], Oswestry Disability Index [ODI], Short Form-36 [SF-36], bone mineral density [BMD], bone turnover measured by osteocalcin and C-terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen, dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry [DXA], computed tomography [CT]). Our results show that (a) combined treatment with WJ-MSCs and teriparatide is feasible and tolerable for the patients with OVCFs; (b) the mean VAS, ODI, and SF-36 scores significantly improved in the combined treatment group; (c) the level of bone turnover markers were not significantly different between the two groups; (d) BMD T-scores of spine and hip by DXA increased in both control and experimental groups without a statistical difference; and (e) baseline spine CT images and follow-up CT images at 6 and 12 months showed better microarchitecture in the combined treatment group. Our results indicate that combined treatment of WJ-MSCs and teriparatide is feasible and tolerable and has a clinical benefit for fracture healing by promoting bone architecture. Clinical trial registration: https://nedrug.mfds.go.kr/, MFDS: 201600282-30937.
Safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of allopregnanolone as a regenerative therapeutic for Alzheimer's disease: A single and multiple ascending dose phase 1b/2a clinical trial
Authors: Hernandez Gerson D. , Solinsky Christine M. , Mack Wendy J. , Kono Naoko , Rodgers Kathleen E. , Wu Chun‐Yi , Mollo Ana R. , Lopez Claudia M. , Pawluczyk Sonia , Bauer Gerhard , Matthews Dawn , Shi Yonggang , Law Meng , Rogawski Michael A. , Schneider Lon S. , Brinton Roberta D. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIntroductionAllopregnanolone is an endogenous neurosteroid with the potential to be a novel regenerative therapeutic for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Foundations of mechanistic understanding and well‐established preclinical safety efficacy make it a viable candidate.MethodsA randomized, double‐blinded, placebo‐controlled, single and multiple ascending dose trial was conducted. Intravenous allopregnanolone or placebo was administered once‐per‐week for 12 weeks with a 1‐month follow‐up. Participants with early AD (mild cognitive impairment due to AD or mild AD), a Mini‐Mental State Examination score of 20–26 inclusive, and age ≥55 years were randomized (6:2 to three allopregnanolone dosing cohorts or one placebo cohort). Primary endpoint was safety and tolerability. Secondary endpoints included pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters and maximally tolerated dose (MTD). Exploratory endpoints included cognitive and imaging biomarkers.ResultsA total of 24 participants completed the trial. Allopregnanolone was safe and well tolerated in all study participants. No differences were observed between treatment arms in the occurrence and severity of adverse events (AE). Most common AE were mild to moderate in severity and included rash (n = 4 [22%]) and fatigue (n = 3 [17%]). A single non‐serious AE, dizziness, was attributable to treatment. There was one serious AE not related to treatment. Pharmacokinetics indicated a predictable linear dose‐response in plasma concentration of allopregnanolone after intravenous administration over 30 minutes. The maximum plasma concentrations for the 2 mg, 4 mg, 6 mg, and 10 mg dosages were 14.53 ng/mL (+/−7.31), 42.05 ng/mL (+/−14.55), 60.07 ng/mL (+/−12.8), and 137.48 ng/mL (+/−38.69), respectively. The MTD was established based on evidence of allopregnanolone‐induced mild sedation at the highest doses; a sex difference in the threshold for sedation was observed (males 10 mg; females 14 mg). No adverse outcomes on cognition or magnetic resonance imaging–based imaging outcomes were evident.ConclusionsAllopregnanolone was well tolerated and safe across all doses in persons with early AD. Safety, MTD, and PK profiles support advancement of allopregnanolone as a regenerative therapeutic for AD to a phase 2 efficacy trial.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov‐NCT02221622
Modernization: China’s Worldwide Influence and Contribution
Authors: Hu Angang , Yan Yilong , Tang Xiao , Liu Shenglong 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe will stay on the path of peaceful development and continue to pursue a mutually beneficial strategy of opening up. China will not only develop, but also highlight its responsibility for and contributions to the world, and we will not only benefit the Chinese people, but also benefit the people of the world. The realization of the Chinese dream will bring peace to the world, instead of turbulence; it will bring opportunities, instead of threats.
Risk for developing perianal abscess in type 1 and type 2 diabetes and the impact of poor glycemic control
Authors: Adamo Karin , Gunnarsson Ulf , Eeg-Olofsson Katarina , Strigård Karin , Brännström Fredrik 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Purpose
The primary aim of this study was to see whether perianal abscess rate differs between patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. A secondary aim was to determine whether poor glycemic control increases the risk for perianal abscess.

Methods
Data from the Swedish National Diabetes Registry and the Swedish National Patient Registry between January 2008 and June 2015 were matched. The risk for anal abscess was evaluated in univariate and multivariate analyses with type of diabetes, HbA1c level, BMI, and various diabetes complications as independent factors.

Results
Patients with type 1 diabetes had a lower rate of perianal abscess than patients with type 2 diabetes when adjusted for HbA1c, sex, and age (OR 0.65; 95% CI 0.57–0.73). The risk for perianal abscess increased with higher HbA1c. Incidence of perianal abscess was also elevated in diabetes patients with complications related to poor glycemic control such as ketoacidosis and coma (OR 2.63; 95% CI 2.06–3.35), gastroparesis, and polyneuropathy (OR 1.81; 95% CI 1.41–2.32).

Conclusions
The prevalence of perianal abscess was higher among patients with type 2 diabetes than those with type 1, suggesting that metabolic derangement may be more important than autoimmune factors. Poor glycemic control was associated with higher risk for perianal abscess.
Moral Encroachment, Wokeness, and the Epistemology of Holding
Authors: Atkins J. Spencer 
Published: December 2020

AbstractHilde Lindemann argues that personhood is the shared practice of recognizing and responding to one another. She calls this practice holding. Holding, however, can fail. Holding failure, by stereotyping for example, can inhibit others’ epistemic confidence and ability to recall true beliefs as well as create an environment of racism or sexism. How might we avoid holding failure? Holding failure, I argue, has many epistemic dimensions, so I argue that moral encroachment has the theoretical tools available to avoid holding failures. The goal of this paper, therefore, is to articulate and understand the epistemology of holding in an attempt to remedy holding failure. I show that the virtue of wokeness emerges from an epistemic environment tainted with moral encroachment. I argue that as long as an individual is woke, she will have a tendency to avoid holding failures. Wokeness and moral encroachment, consequently, are fundamental to the epistemology of holding and consistent proper holding.
The effects of geographic range size and abundance on extinction during a time of “sluggish”’ evolution
Authors: Casey Michelle M. , Saupe Erin E. , Lieberman Bruce S. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractGeographic range size and abundance are important determinants of extinction risk in fossil and extant taxa. However, the relationship between these variables and extinction risk has not been tested extensively during evolutionarily “quiescent” times of low extinction and speciation in the fossil record. Here we examine the influence of geographic range size and abundance on extinction risk during the late Paleozoic (Mississippian–Permian), a time of “sluggish” evolution when global rates of origination and extinction were roughly half those of other Paleozoic intervals. Analyses used spatiotemporal occurrences for 164 brachiopod species from the North American midcontinent. We found abundance to be a better predictor of extinction risk than measures of geographic range size. Moreover, species exhibited reductions in abundance before their extinction but did not display contractions in geographic range size. The weak relationship between geographic range size and extinction in this time and place may reflect the relative preponderance of larger-ranged taxa combined with the physiographic conditions of the region that allowed for easy habitat tracking that dampened both extinction and speciation. These conditions led to a prolonged period (19–25 Myr) during which standard macroevolutionary rules did not apply.
ORCHESTRATION AND PITCH PRECISION IN THE ORCHESTRAL MUSIC OF MARC SABAT
Authors: Brook Taylor 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis article examines the relationship between orchestration and microtonality in the music of Marc Sabat through a score-based analysis of two recent works, Asking Ocean (2016), for string quartet and large ensemble, and The Luminiferous Aether (2018), for large orchestra. Excerpts from these two compositions are discussed to highlight the challenges of composing for orchestral forces in a musical style that demands a high degree of microtonal pitch precision. Through retuning, alteration, and a sensitivity to the construction, techniques and performance practices of orchestral instruments, Sabat has developed a unique manner of orchestrating that is at once timbrally rich and uncompromising in pitch precision. After a brief introduction to the extended just intonation framework that Sabat employs, his concepts of ‘fixed microtonal pitches’ and ‘tuneable intervals’ are discussed and connected to orchestration in his scores. Drawing upon this analysis, connections are made between the microtonal system with orchestration and musical aesthetics broadly.
A FIELD GUIDE TO SONIC BOTANY: THOUGHTS ABOUT ECO-COMPOSITION
Authors: Tsadka Maayan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSonic botany is an ongoing project that I have been developing over the past few years. It incorporates natural artefacts: dry leaves, pods, flowers, branches, rocks, bones and other organic findings. These are used as musical instruments that are played on with a scientific/musical tool: tuning forks in various frequencies. The vibration from the tuning forks resonates through the natural artefacts which amplify the vibration and – via sound – reveal the texture, size, material and condition of the organic matter. This process generates new sonic material, new context and new forms of musical composition. The practice developed into several compositions and projects, a performance practice, a notation system and a way of listening. Here I share some of the insights I gained through this process, the tools and the compositional framework.
Anceps in Tragedy (1): Lyric Iambics
Authors: Itsumi Kiichiro 
Published: December 2020

Abstract:Anceps is not so free that either a long or a short syllable may be used on equal terms. In fact, some strong tendencies are observed in lyric iambics in tragedy. Long syllable is avoided especially at the final anceps in dimeter/trimeter, for instance. Frequencies are statistically calculated each in turn in various combinations of iambic metra, and irregular occurrences are examined in contexts. In contrast to iambics, anceps tends to be long in D/e. Sophocles employs long anceps more frequently than the other two tragedians because his iambics sometimes verge on D/e. In general, long anceps is used in different ways from short. The effect it brought about would not have been felt unless long anceps was delivered differently from short, that is, at the same length as a true long.
The abolition of the liturgical chorēgia and the creation of the agōnothesia in Athens: new considerations on a debated issue
Authors: Ackermann Delphine , Sarrazanas Clément 
Published: December 2020

Abstract:No ancient source indicates when the agōnothesia, attested for the first time in 307/6 BC, was introduced in Athens. Scholars have long attributed its creation, along with the abolition of the liturgical chorēgia, to the government of Demetrius of Phalerum (317–307 BC), motivated by oligarchic ideology and a desire to preserve the wealth of rich citizens. This traditional thesis has recently been challenged, with some scholars attributing the creation of the agōnothesia to the restored democratic government of 307 BC and others to the government of Phocion (322–318 BC). A new look at epigraphical and literary documents hitherto neglected or imperfectly understood (especially from the Attic demes) allows the authors to establish that the liturgical chorēgia disappeared at the beginning of the government of Demetrius of Phalerum, around 316 BC. The institution of the agōnothesia had a precedent (hitherto overlooked) in Lycurgan Athens with the new festival of the Amphiaraia of 331 BC. Both measures were in fact consensual and must not be interpreted as strictly oligarchic in inspiration. The creation of the agōnothesia was above all a pragmatic response on Athens’ part to the major changes that occurred in the agonistic world in the late fourth century.
Counting Hamilton cycles in Dirac hypergraphs
Authors: Glock Stefan , Gould Stephen , Joos Felix , Kühn Daniela , Osthus Deryk 
Published: December 2020

AbstractA tight Hamilton cycle in a k-uniform hypergraph (k-graph) G is a cyclic ordering of the vertices of G such that every set of k consecutive vertices in the ordering forms an edge. Rödl, Ruciński and Szemerédi proved that for
$k\ge 3$
, every k-graph on n vertices with minimum codegree at least
$n/2+o(n)$
contains a tight Hamilton cycle. We show that the number of tight Hamilton cycles in such k-graphs is
${\exp(n\ln n-\Theta(n))}$
. As a corollary, we obtain a similar estimate on the number of Hamilton
${\ell}$
-cycles in such k-graphs for all
${\ell\in\{0,\ldots,k-1\}}$
, which makes progress on a question of Ferber, Krivelevich and Sudakov.
Angiographic evidence of backward compression wave: systolic compression of septal perforators in a child with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Natarajan Rupesh , Ameduri Rebecca , Griselli Massimo , Aggarwal Varun 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIntracoronary wave intensity analysis in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy has shown a large backward compression wave due to compressive deformation of the intramyocardial coronary arteries in systole. The authors describe the angiographic evidence of this backward compression wave, which has not been described in this physiological context and can be a marker of poor prognosis.
Covid-19 in an infant with systemic to pulmonary artery shunt dependent functionally univentricular physiology
Authors: Loomba Rohit S. , Lee Brian , Phillips Molly , Vricella Luca , Wong Joshua 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We report a case of two-month old with a functionally univentricular heart and parallel circulation who presented to the emergency department with Covid-19 and subsequently developed acute respiratory distress syndrome. The course of illness, clinical values, and laboratory markers are characterized in this report.
Can we agree on the quality of clinical supervision? Inter-rater reliability of the Short–SAGE (Supervision: Adherence and Guidance Evaluation) scale
Authors: Beckman Maria , Spännargård Åsa , Alfonsson Sven 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Clinical supervision is a cornerstone in psychotherapist training, but research in this area is hampered by a lack of validated tools for assessing supervision quality. Short–SAGE (Supervision: Adherence and Guidance Evaluation) is an observational instrument designed for evaluating supervision in cognitive behavioural therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the inter-rater reliability of Short–SAGE. Four experienced clinical psychologists participated in three 3-hour Short–SAGE coding training sessions, followed by an additional meeting and coding instructions. In a cross-over design, codings of 20 supervision sessions were then assessed with intraclass correlations (ICC), for both the 3- and 7-point scales of the instrument. In the single measure analyses for both scales, only one item showed ICC in the good range, and the rest of the 14 item ICCs were in the poor to fair range. Moreover, on the 3-point scale, five of the 14 inter-rater correlations were non-significant. For research and training purposes, validated tools to assess supervision quality are highly needed. However, instruments for measuring adherence and/or competence are of little value if the coders do not attain inter-rater reliability. Whether quality of supervision is associated with improvements in supervisees’ competencies is not yet clear. Short–SAGE provides a tool that may enable empirical research in this area. Further studies are needed to assess whether extensive training can improve the inter-rater reliability of Short–SAGE.

Key learning aims

(1)
Readers will be aware of the urgent need for validated tools to assess clinical supervision quality.

(2)
Readers will be familiar with some existing tools for assessing the quality of clinical supervision.

(3)
Readers will be able to identify common problems in the development of instruments for assessing clinical supervision.
Pinto bean response to seeding rate and herbicides
Authors: LeQuia Kathrin D. , Morishita Don W. , Walsh Olga S. , Adjesiwor Albert T. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractField experiments were conducted in 2016 and 2017 to evaluate the effects of seeding rate and herbicide programs on weed control and pinto bean yield under irrigation. The experiments comprised a 5 × 5 factorial randomized complete block design with five replications. The weed control treatments comprised a nontreated control, hand-weeded control, EPTC + ethalfluralin PRE, EPTC + ethalfluralin PRE followed by (fb) dimethenamid-P POST at V1, and EPTC + ethalfluralin PRE fb bentazon/imazamox POST. There were five seeding rates ranging from 247,000 to 494,000 seeds ha–1 planted in 19-cm rows. Weed biomass was reduced by 6 kg ha–1 with every additional 1,000 seeds ha–1. EPTC plus ethalfluralin fb either dimethenamid-P or bentazon plus imazamox reduced weed biomass by at least 29% compared to the nontreated control. There was a significant effect of weed control treatment on pinto bean yield (P = 0.0004). However, there was no significant seeding rate (P = 0.42) or seeding rate–by–weed control interaction effect on pinto bean yield (P = 0.38). Pinto bean yield ranged from 3,080 kg ha–1 in the nontreated control to 4,740 kg ha–1 hand-weeded treatment. Increased seeding rate in narrow rows is a cultural practice that can improve weed control in pinto bean but may not necessarily increase yield.
Structure of human RNA polymerase III
Authors: Ramsay Ewan Phillip , Abascal-Palacios Guillermo , Daiß Julia L. , King Helen , Gouge Jerome , Pilsl Michael , Beuron Fabienne , Morris Edward , Gunkel Philip , Engel Christoph , Vannini Alessandro 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn eukaryotes, RNA Polymerase (Pol) III is specialized for the transcription of tRNAs and other short, untranslated RNAs. Pol III is a determinant of cellular growth and lifespan across eukaryotes. Upregulation of Pol III transcription is observed in cancer and causative Pol III mutations have been described in neurodevelopmental disorders and hypersensitivity to viral infection. Here, we report a cryo-EM reconstruction at 4.0 Å of human Pol III, allowing mapping and rationalization of reported genetic mutations. Mutations causing neurodevelopmental defects cluster in hotspots affecting Pol III stability and/or biogenesis, whereas mutations affecting viral sensing are located in proximity to DNA binding regions, suggesting an impairment of Pol III cytosolic viral DNA-sensing. Integrating x-ray crystallography and SAXS, we also describe the structure of the higher eukaryote specific RPC5 C-terminal extension. Surprisingly, experiments in living cells highlight a role for this module in the assembly and stability of human Pol III.