bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
INFORMÁTICA NA ADMINISTRAÇÃO PÚBLICA
Authors: Romo Caio Luiz Rodrigues 
Published: December 2020

A Administração Pública utiliza muito mal os recursos da Informática de que dispõe, estando as origens dessa situação centradas em inúmeras causas.
Há cerca de trinta anos, uma situação, em tudo e por tudo, semelhante à atual, levou o governo a propor a criação de empresas públicas, gozando de autonomia administrativa e financeira, como forma de possibilitar-lhes o desempenho ágil e eficaz.
Com o passar dos anos, diversos fatores contribuíram para o desfibramento da máquina organizacional do governo, que é hoje incapaz de atuar competitivamente no contexto nacional.
O setor de Informática, ressalvadas algumas poucas exceções, enfrenta os mesmo problemas que os demais setores.
A principal deficiência é a falta de um planejamento estratégico capaz de nortear a atuação governamental, como um todo, e a do setor da Informática Pública, em particular.
Esta dissertação analisa estas questões, e apresenta um conjunto de requisitos que deverão ser atendidos caso o governo deseje reverter esta situação.
A seguir, propõe a criação de um organismo, em âmbito federal, a ser incumbido da elaboração desse Plano Estratégico de Informática, apresentando, também, uma sugestão de abordagem metodológica que poderia viabilizar um tal empreendimento.
Recomenda, ao mesmo tempo, que esse organismo seja subordinado a um Comitê Diretor de Informática, formado por representantes de todos os Ministérios, e coordenado por um representante da Presidência da República, com a incumbência de interpretar os objetivos estratégicos do governo, e estabelecer as políticas que deverão nortear as ações governamentais na área da Informática Pública.
Examina, finalmente, a importância e as vantagens da unificação da orientação técnica e gerencial, e da unidade de comando, indispensáveis à implementação coordenada de serviços automatizados integrados, e recomenda que os recursos de Informática do governo sejam reunidos sob a administração central.
A título de exemplo, sugere a criação do SERVIÇO FEDERAL DE INFORMÁTICA.
دراسة حصرية لأنواع الارضة في محافظة عدن - اليمن
Authors: Ba-Fadel Nasser S. , Ba-Angood Saeed A. , Al-Hindi Abdullah N. 
Published: December 2020

تنتشر الأرضة في المناطق الاستوائية وشبه الاستوائية، ومن ضمن هذه المناطق شبه الجزيرة العربية. حيث سجل 33 نوعاً من الأرضة منشره فيها، وان أكبر تنوع حيوي للأرضة سجل في جزئها الجنوبي الغربي، وهذه المجموعة تتبع الفونا الاستوائية الأفريقية (الأثيوبية). هدفت هذه الدراسة الى تسجيل وحصر انواع الارضة في مختلف بيئات محافظة عدن، تم جمع عينات الارضة بطريقة كشط انفاق الارضة وتكسير الاخشاب للنباتات الجافة واشجار الزينة وكذا اسقف وابواب ونوافذ المباني من خمس مناطق مختلفة في محافظة عدن من بيئات مختلفة خلال الفترة من نوفمبر 2016 الى نوفمبر 2017. أظهرت النتائج تسجيل 4 انواع من الارضة في هذه الدراسة وهي: Heterotermes sp، Microcerotermes sp1 Microcerotermes longignathus و Amitermes messinae (Fuller, 1922) تنتمي الى 3 اجناس تندرج تحت عائلتين وهما عائلة الارضة الراقية Termitidae و عائلة الاخشاب الرطبة Rhinotermitidae . من بين هذه الانواع يعتبر تسجيل النوع Microcerotermes longignathus كتسجيل اول في محافظة عدن، كما يعتبر Heterotermes sp هو السائد والاكثر انتشارا في محافظة عدن بنسبة 64%.
Reception of Machado de Assis and Clarice Lispector in the United States and Beyond
Authors: Fitz Earl 
Published: December 2020

O presente artigo aborda a recep?ão da literatura brasileira nos Estados Unidos e em outros países, enfocando, em particular, a obra dos escritores Machado de Assis e Clarice Lispector. Sustento que, nos anos sessenta do século XX, a literatura brasileira foi eclipsada pela mais reconhecida literatura hispano-americana, que chegou a dominar o período conhecido aqui como o “Boom”, isto é, o momento histórico quando a chamada literatura “latino-americana” come?ou a ser aceita na cultura norte-americana. Mas o Brasil não figurou como jogador importante no “Boom.” A pergunta é: Por quê? Como se explica isto? Não foi questão de qualidade, porque textos do Machado, Clarice, Amado, e outros escritores brasileiros já existiam em boas tradu?ões em língua inglesa; foi mais questão da invisibilidade do Brasil na consciência cultural Americana desta época. Se os críticos norte-americanos sabiam um pouco, ao menos, da América Hispânica, não sabiam nada do Brasil. E fica aqui o problema. Argumento também em favor da importância da tradu?ão na recep?ão de Machado e Clarice e do trabalho do ilustre tradutor Gregory Rabassa, que ajudou muito a promover os escritores brasileiros nessa cultura e no mundo das pessoas de língua inglesa. Comento, finalmente, a presen?a da literatura brasileira globalmente, e como uma for?a vital no fenômeno que, na tradi?ão da Weltliteratur estabelecida pelo Goethe, hoje em dia se chama World Literature.
Measuring the relationship between spatial configuration, diversity and user behavior: A Post Occupancy Evaluation study in Istanbul’s peripheral districts
Authors: Ozbil Torun Ayse , Yesiltepe Demet , Erten Sertac , Ozer Ozlem , Gurleyen Tugce , Zunbuloglu Ezgi 
Published: December 2020

Post Occupancy Evaluation (POE) is a robust tool to systematically evaluate the effects of design decisions on spatial performance and to identify the relationship between the space and its users. Although there is a growing body of POE research on complex buildings, such as hospitals and education spaces, studies on the POE evaluation of public open spaces are limited. More importantly, few studies have investigated public squares designed at the periphery and how they are used.
This study aims to identify the extent to which spatial configuration of public squares is related to users’ behavior (i.e., modes/distances of access, level of satisfaction). For this purpose, we focused on four peripheral urban squares located in Istanbul, Turkey. The methodology applied in the study includes a synthesis of three types of expertise: 1) behavioral mapping of urban squares (through the analysis of patterns of use based on direct observation), 2) cognitive evaluation of spaces based on perceived factors (through user questionnaires), and 3) quantifying urban public spaces objectively (through the methodology of space syntax and urban morphology).
The results identify associations between objective characteristics of public spaces designed at the peripheral districts, patterns of use and users’ perception of these areas, to a certain extent. For example, the variety and intensity of activities within the square as well as the length of occupancy are highest for Avcılar square, which is most integrated within its urban surroundings with reduced average block size. An important finding is the association between the average street connectivity levels of these squares with their pedestrian catchment areas. In other words, the more integrated a public urban space is with its surroundings (800mt buffers), its users will access this space on foot from a larger distance. Based on these findings, spatial configuration as measured by space syntax measures appears to be an explanatory measure assessing the potentiality of public open spaces for bringing users together, hence, creating a lively, well-used space. However, the results also point to some disagreements between the perceived (users’ evaluations) and objective (syntactic analysis) measurements, which indicate that both types of measurements are needed in POE research of public spaces.
INTERNALISASI NILAI-NILAI PENDIDIKAN ISLAM DALAM PEMBINAAN KARAKTER SISWA PADA SMP NEGERI 10 KOTA SORONG
Authors: Datu Samsudin 
Published: December 2020

This research deals with the Internalization of Islamic Education Values in Character Building at SMPN 10 of Sorong City. The purposes of this study are: first, to determine the internalization of Islamic education values at SMPN 10 of Sorong City; second, to examine the forms of teacher efforts in developing the character values of SMPN 10 of Sorong City; and third, to formulate opportunities and challenges of internalization of Islamic education Values in fostering character at SMPN 10 of Sorong City. The results showed that First, the internalization of Islamic education values at SMPN 10 of Sorong City in this study included the preliminary stages, presentation of the core subjects and closing. Indicators of preliminary learning activities include greeting, delivering of perception, delivering of TKP, and drawing of attention. In the use of instructional media, the teachers of SMPN 10 of Sorong City are equipped with complete facilities so that the method is more varied. Second, the form of teacher's efforts in developing the character values of SMPN 10 of Sorong City is through integrated supervision of all school components of student behavior, providing motivation through advice and stories of successful people, implementing learning strategies with active learning models to enhance activities learning which is a follow-up to the results of the agreement of the teachers meeting at SMPN 10 of Sorong City. Students who have high achievements also have good character attitude. Third, Opportunities and challenges of the internalization of Islamic education values in character building at SMPN 10 of Sorong City are the existence of a strong desire and determination of stakeholders to advance the school and the strong commitment of teachers at SMPN 10 of Sorong City to develop Education, and Community
The Gender Wage Gap and the Fair Calculations Act
Authors: Even William E. , Macpherson David A. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
If enacted into law, the Fair Calculations Act would require forensic economists to ignore an injured party's gender when forecasting the loss in future earnings. We discuss how this would affect the size of awards for men and women, and some of the issues that would arise if the law is enacted. Of particular interest is the extent to which gender differences in earnings, earnings growth, and worklife expectancy are the result of sex discrimination in labor markets as opposed to sex differences in preferences. We present evidence that gender differences in human capital characteristics explain a large share of gender differences is in labor market outcomes, though there is considerable disagreement about how to interpret these results. We also show that gender differences in earnings are diminishing over time, but it is not likely that the gap will disappear in the near future. Finally, we discuss how forensic economists may have to rely on additional information when forecasting earnings if they are no longer allowed to use gender.
3D-Risswachstum in homogenen, isotropen sowie funktional gradierten Strukturen
Authors: Diblee Katharina Ursula 
Published: December 2020

Durch den Einsatz von funktional gradierten Materialien ergeben sich neue Möglichkeiten der Strukturoptimierungen im Hinblick auf Leichtbaupotenziale. Gleichzeitig werden neue Herausforderungen an Ingenieure herangetragen, welche sich auf das Rissausbreitungsverhalten in solchen gradierten Strukturen beziehen. Diese Arbeit leistet daher einen Beitrag zur realitätsnahen Rissausbreitungsvorhersage und der damit einhergehenden Restlebensdauerbestimmung von

dreidimensionalen Strukturen unter Verwendung von bruchmechanisch gradierten Materialien. Mit dem hier aufgezeigten neuen bruchmechanischen 3D Konzept ist es möglich, den Einfluss einer funktionalen Materialgradierung zu berücksichti-gen. Durch die numerische Umsetzung dieses Konzeptes mit dem Simulationsprogramm ADAPCRACK3DVERSION_KD15 werden die Auswirkungen einer Materialgradierung verdeutlicht. Anwendungsbeispiele veranschaulichen den Einfluss einer bruchmechanischen Gradierung.

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Discriminação e Barreiras ao Acesso ao Serviço Nacional de Saúde Percecionados por Pessoas Trans
Authors: Rodrigues João , Lemos Carolina , Figueiredo Zélia 
Published: December 2020

Introdução: A população trans, que necessita de tratamentos médicos, cirúrgicos e psicológicos específicos pela sua condição, é confrontada com discriminação, preconceito e estigma, na procura de serviços de saúde, que limitam o seu acesso. Este estudo pretende avaliar barreiras no acesso à saúde, por esta população, em três ambientes distintos do Serviço Nacional de Saúde (urgência, medicina geral e familiar e cirurgia).
Material e Métodos: Realizou‑se um estudo transversal, não controlado, com recurso a entrevista a 71 pessoas trans, após consulta de Sexologia. Um modelo de entrevista foi elaborado pelos autores, adaptando questões do Trans Pulse Project e do 2015 US Transgender Survey.
Resultados: Metade dos trans que recorreram aos três contextos estudados percecionaram discriminação por um profissional de saúde. O uso de linguagem preconceituosa foi o episódio de perceção de discriminação mais frequente e o serviço de urgência o local onde ocorreu com mais frequência. Encontramos relação entre episódios de perceção de discriminação em medicina geral e familiar, com o desconforto sentido em abordar saúde trans com o médico de família.
Discussão: A discriminação percecionada por pessoas trans foi semelhante à verificada na literatura, em contexto de urgência e medicina geral e familiar. O incumprimento e desconhecimento de guidelines de boas práticas clínicas, por profissionais de saúde, à semelhança da literatura, podem constituir barreiras de acesso a cuidados de saúde, na população estudada.
Conclusão: Verificamos que existe a necessidade de estudar, a nível nacional, o impacto da discriminação na população trans, bem como de avaliar e promover a formação de profissionais de saúde nesta área.
اسلامی تصورریاست اورغیراسلامی نظریہ ریاست کا تقابلی جائزہ
Authors: Prof. Dr. Abdul Ali Achakzai  
Published: December 2020

In an Islamic state, the leader is obliged by the Quran to run the affairs of the people using ‘Shura’ (consultation). He is elected based upon confidence to lead, not on his policies, because he is obliged to derive laws based upon the Quran and Sunnah، and has no option to not implement the clear laws cont-ained therein, even if not convenient for gov:, which provides full protections for people’s rights at all times. In a (Western) secular Democracy, the leaders are not obliged to consult the people in running the affairs (nor fulfil their promises). They derive laws from what is convenient, and may (and do) take away people’s rights using that justification.In Islam, the leader remains in power until he becomes unjust or incompetent. In a (Western) secular Democracy, the leader remains in power despite being unjust or incompetent, and may get elected again if he can lie to the people to persuade them he is the lesser of two evils.
An Islamic State is based upon sovereignty to the Creator, who doesn’t change his mind, it not prone to prejudice, bigotry or ignorance. A (Western) secular Democracy is based upon sovereignty of the Individual, who does change their mind, is prone to prejudice, bigotry and ignorance. This article explains deeply about Comparison of Islamic concept of state and non Islamic Idea of State.
حضرت محمد ﷺکے معجزۂ معراج اور اسراء کے متعلق سرسید احمد خان کا تصور
Authors: Mufti Abdul Jabbar  , Prof. Dr. Ghulam Muhammad Jafar  
Published: December 2020

Amongst other miracles of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), ISRAA and MAIRAAJ are one of the well-known miracles that have been discussed a lot in Sirat-ul-Nabi. This article, therefore, has brought under discussion the occur-rence of this miracle in the light of Qura’n and Ahadith in details. Furthermore, it has also been discussed whether the occurrence of this miracle was physical or spiritual in its nature. The concept of Sir Syed Ahmed Khan regarding this miracle has also been discussed; where he support his arguments with reference to some Ahadith, that the entire situation concerning the miracles was merely a dream and this miracle did not take place in physical form. According to him, this is against the law of nature. In this article the explicit concepts of Sir Syed Ahmed Khan have been rejected with the arguments given by the Majority of the Scholars and Muslim thinkers.
اسلامی قیادت کے بنیادی اصول، سیرت نبویﷺکی روشنی میں
Authors: Dr. Syed Muhammad Shahid Tirmizi  , Dr. Riaz Ahmed Saeed  
Published: December 2020

In Islamic perspective leadership is a great feature and most important quality for achievement of national goals. Therefore, all kinds of national and organizational success are based up on quality of good leadership. Every group, society, organization, state and even the world at large need good leadership who can lead their supporters and followers and organizations towards successful physical and spiritual growth and development . It is also a fact that leadership is God gifted thing but we can enhance ability for eldership. Leadership should not be confused with the role of only those who make headlines but in essence almost everyone have sometimes somewhere, somehow played a leading role. It is also a historical fact that the Holy Prophet Muhammad ﷺ was granted all kind of leadership and He established some important principles of Islamic leadership which are necessary to follow them for successful leadership. These principles are foundation of great achievements which are led by the Holy Prophet ﷺ. It is also observed that the Islamic Leadership principles practiced by the Holy Prophet Muhammad ﷺ and subsequently by his Caliphs and pious followers which if practiced will provide success principles equally useful both for Muslims and for non-Muslims minorities both in an Islamic state and society. In this paper the efforts are made to elaborate the guiding principles of Islamic leadership in the light of the teachings of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ.
برصغیر میں عربی ادب کا تحقیقی جائزہ اور اس کے اثرات
Authors: Dr. Qari Badruddin  
Published: December 2020

At the time of arrival of Muslim community in Sub-Continent Region and due to their settlement in the region Arabic Language has been prevailed and such as the system of its publication and learning has been commenced. Because the directives of Islam and laws are in the Arabic Language as per Quran & Sunna so that it is necessary to learn the Arabic language for the awareness of Islamic directions. So that to achieve the knowledge of Sharia inclu-ding the expertise the peoples of Sub-continent has been achieved the expertise of Arabic language, literature, knowl-edge Ilmul Saraf al-khawa, knowledge of al-ishtiaq & Ilmul Balaghta etc. Moreover it is clarify that Scholar of religious have shown their expertise so that the scholar of Arab have been convinced their expertise. The basic point of service in Arabic Language of Scholars of Sub-Continent that they do not served only to enhance the language but the cause of service was to serve themselves on religious matters and represents themselves on work hard and tried themselves to achieve the better performance of identification of Islam. A positive result and effects have been achieved as a sun shining of Islam is remaining and its waves are enhancing all around the world such as the sun shining of Islam is remained in Arab world such as the publication of literature is also remaining in the Sub-Continent region in the actual shape and saved. Because the Islam will remain till the day of judg-ment and its representatives/workers will born till the date such as the scholars of literatures will also born and they will save the knowledge of Arabic. They will alive till the Day of Judgment.
تأثر الأدب العربي من تعليمات النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم دراسة وتحقيقا
Authors: Khalil Ahmad  , Dr. Sardar Ahmad  
Published: December 2020

It is estimated by studying the history that the imagination of life was limited before the appearance of Islam. A new era started after the arrival of Islam. Revolution came in thoughts and ideas. Every department was effected even poetry, literature and language pleasantly effected. A revolution created in the Arabic literature after the revelation of the Holy Quran even it taught the rituals of representation of emotions along with facial and spiritual beauty to the Arabic literature. Arabic language is full of knowledge and thoughts of whole world today and the axis of Arabic language and literature is the Holy Quran. The resources of ignorant literature which we get today was collected to save and understand the language of the Holy Quran. For example to eliminate the linguistic flaws, grammar science came into being and rhetoric science came into being to prove Quranic miracle and language and literature came into being to explain the poor words, and Hadith, tafseer, fiqah and other sciences came into being for religious laws. The Holy Quran changed the direction of literature towards justice, service to humanity and support of right and truth and chastity and modesty and God-worship. It gave appropriate dignified styles to explain every topic and invited to work by using reasons and thoughts. Arabic language is effected by the Holy Quran in such a way that it softened the hard and ruthless hearts of Arabs and made the surface wisdom heavy and solid by entering in it. Could not get effected by Holy Quran as the level which prose got benefit. The prose got more shine in the time of Khulafa-e-rashidin when victories increased, boundaries of Islamic state expanded and political and developmental issues increased. It is a fact that Arabic prose got too high as compared to the Arabic poetry due to the Holy Quran.
Analytical Study of Dual banking and Earlier Efforts towards Islamization of Bank of Khyber in the light of Shariah
Authors: Dr. Farhad Ullah  , Qaisar Bilal  
Published: December 2020

The proposal of interest-free banking is very old because Islam restricted the interest base transaction at very beginning after the revelation of prohibition of Interest, noble Quran called it as Riba. This prohibition is of sever nature relatively, Allah says; O you who have believed, fear Allah and give up what remains [due to you] of interest, if you should be believers. And if you do not, then be informed of a war [against you] from Allah and His Messenger.
The suggestion for the establishment of such financial institutions that run according to shariah has been put in queue for about centuries. To get rid from the dominancy of conventional banking system, forced the religious scholar to take initiative in this regard and started interest free banking. It was not easy to switch entirely from conventional banking system to Islamic one as for different technical issues, leads the existent banks to start dual banking system.
Bank of Khyber is the first Bank of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa operating as dual banking, i.e. Conventional as well as Interest free banking. This study focuses on analysis of dual banking system of bank of KHYBER in order to know the extent of conformity with shariah standards along with highlighting the earlier efforts of it towards Islamization.
ترجيحات الشيخ ثناء الله بانی بتی في تفسير سورة الفاتحة دراسة تطبيقية نموذجية
Authors: Umme Farwa  , Prof. Dr. Taj Afsar  
Published: December 2020

The topic of this research is “Preferences of Qazi Sana Ullah Pani patti in Tafseer of Surah al Fatiha, and these preferences are taken from his famous book of tafseer, named: “Tafseer al Mazhari. Qazi Sana Ullah Pani Patti is one of the most eminent scholars of Tafseer in sub-continent. He belongs to the progeny of Usman R.A. He was born in PaniPat and got his early education there. Then he travelled to Dehli for higher education of that time. His teachers include: Abdul Raheem al Umari al Dehlvi, Muhammad Abid al Sinami, Sheikh janjan al Dehlvi. Among his famous books are followings: Al Tafseer al Mazhari, Mabsoot, Al saif al Maslool, Irshad ul Talibeen, Tazkira tul Mota, Haqeeqa tul Islam, and many other books. In this research I will discuss preferences of Qazi Sana Ullah with reference to two major types of Tafeer i.e Tafseer bil riwayyah (narration) and Tafseer bil dirayyah (sound reasoning).