bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Injury Profile in a Brazilian First-Division Youth Soccer Team: A Prospective Study
Authors: Cezarino Leandro Gonçalves , Grüninger Bruno Leonardo da Silva , Scattone Silva Rodrigo 
Published: January 2020

Context
Despite the popularity of soccer at the male first-division youth level, data on the incidence of injuries in Brazil are limited.

Objective
To prospectively study the injury profile of male first-division youth soccer players during 1 season (January to December 2017).

Design
Descriptive epidemiology study.

Setting
Data compiled at a youth soccer academy.

Patients or Other Participants
The study involved 228 players between 10 and 20 years old from a first-division Brazilian soccer academy.

Main Outcome Measure(s)
Injury incidence rate was reported as the number of injuries divided by overall exposure (training and match hours) multiplied by 1000. The rate ratio (injury incidence rate during matches in relation to training) was also calculated. Time-loss injuries (ie, physical complaints sustained during soccer matches or training that resulted in a player being unable to take part in soccer training or match play) during the season were recorded.

Results
A total of 187 injuries were documented in 122 players (65.2%). During the season, 100 389 hours of exposure (5995 hours of match play and 94 394 of training) were registered. The overall injury incidence rate was 1.86 per 1000 hours. In total, 4792 days were lost from soccer activities. The majority of injuries were noncontact thigh muscle disorders and ankle sprains. Injury incidence was greater in matches than in training, and the oldest age group (under 20 years old) had the highest injury incidence rate in matches, while the under 17-year-old group had the highest injury incidence rate in training sessions (22.48 and 3.05 per 1000 hours, respectively).

Conclusions
Muscle injury incidence rates observed among Brazilian soccer athletes under 20 years old were similar to those reported in professional players. Preventive measures are recommended to reduce injury rates. Additionally, the number of injuries incurred during training was high compared with match play, and training programs need to be assessed so that injury prevention can be improved.
Didática da língua e linguística aplicada: Duas perspectivas de construção de objetos de ensino
Authors: Santos Marcos Bispo 
Published: January 2020

Neste texto, apresenta-se uma análise da forma como se dá a construção de objetos de ensino pela linguística aplicada, tendo o ensino de gramática como recorte temático. O objetivo é identificar se seu modo de proceder se coaduna com os princípios teórico-metodológicos das didáticas geral e da língua. Distinguem-se duas concepções da linguística como ciência aplicada: uma linguística aplicada lato sensu, voltada para a aplicação das teorias linguísticas ao ensino de língua, e outra, stricto sensu, que se volta para o estudo de problemas que envolvem o uso da linguagem em contextos reais. Inicialmente, apresentam-se os fundamentos da didática geral, aos quais a didática da língua, como disciplina específica, deve estar conectada. Em seguida, analisam-se propostas da linguística aplicada lato sensu para uma abordagem descritivista da gramática na educação básica, destacando-se os paradoxos que as atravessam. Concluiu-se que a linguística aplicada lato sensu ignora a didática como ciência da prática de ensinar, em favor do aplicacionismo, ou seja, a transferência dos saberes científicos ao contexto escolar e à formação de professores.
As lições inovadoras de Rubens do Amaral no texto “O ensino do português”
Authors: De Lima Criseida Rowena Zambotto , Cox Maria Inês Pagliarini 
Published: January 2020

Este estudo intenciona, a partir da proposta da linguística folk (PAVEAU, 2018), analisar o texto de Rubens do Amaral, publicado em 1939, no qual o autor antecipa em meio século a crítica à confusão entre ensino de língua e ensino de gramática, apresentando linhas mestras do novo paradigma de ensino com base no eixo uso-reflexão-uso, urdido a partir da década de 1980 pela Linguística. Compreendendo com a autora que os saberes linguísticos folk podem constituir teorias sociais da linguagem, buscamos correlacionar o discurso desse não-linguista, que produz saberes linguísticos espontâneos, a discursos provindos de conhecimentos linguísticos cientificamente validados pelas teorias linguísticas e consolidados em políticas curriculares de ensino, considerando as abordagens científica e popular como antieliminativas.
Dynamic path-dependent landslide susceptibility modelling
Authors: Samia Jalal , Temme Arnaud , Bregt Arnold , Wallinga Jakob , Guzzetti Fausto , Ardizzone Francesca 
Published: January 2020

Abstract. This contribution tests the added value of including landslide path
dependency in statistically based landslide susceptibility modelling. A
conventional pixel-based landslide susceptibility model was compared with a
model that includes landslide path dependency and with a purely path-dependent landslide susceptibility model. To quantify path dependency among
landslides, we used a space–time clustering (STC) measure derived from
Ripley's space–time K function implemented on a point-based multi-temporal landslide inventory from the Collazzone study area in central Italy. We found that the values of STC obey an exponential-decay curve with a characteristic timescale of 17 years and characteristic spatial scale of 60 m. This exponential space–time decay of the effect of a previous landslide on landslide susceptibility was used as the landslide path-dependency component of susceptibility models. We found that the performance of the conventional landslide susceptibility model improved considerably when adding the effect of landslide path dependency. In fact, even the purely path-dependent landslide susceptibility model turned out to perform better than the conventional landslide susceptibility model. The
conventional plus path-dependent and path-dependent landslide susceptibility model and their resulting maps are dynamic and change over time, unlike conventional landslide susceptibility maps.
A mulher e seu quintal, caminhadas por um universo mágico-místicotransformacional
Authors: Lima Peixoto Lanna Beatriz 
Published: January 2020

Este trabalho apresenta reflexões preliminares acerca da experiência etnográfica no quintal de uma mulher que, segundo sua comunidade de pertença, “vira bicho”, o que corresponde à categoria nativa de populações amazônicas, “engerar”, referente a um processo mágico de metamorfose. O encontro com essa mulher se deu em uma comunidade quilombola na ilha do Marajó (PA), formada a partir da relação afroindígena, constituinte de um complexo cosmológico povoado de seres sobrenaturais que mantêm relações profundas com seus diferentes ambientes. Neles são estabelecidos vínculos complexos entre os elementos que os compõem. São lugares de morada em que o humano estabelece laços com os não humanos e com o si mesmo em movimento dialético. Os limites se definem e se borramem constante (re)criação. É onde se produzem cotidianamente os sentidos do ser e estar no lugar, que, por sua vez, institui um movimento criativo, uma ético-estética de atuação e interação com ele.
Cut Order Planning Optimisation in the Apparel Industry
Authors: Ünal Can , Yüksel Alime Dere 
Published: January 2020

Nowadays, apparel businesses have to cut down on their costs in order to ensure the continuity of their activities and to expand them. Fabric costs cover about 50-60% of production costs. In this study, for the minimisation of fabric costs, the cutting department in enterprises was investigated and the cut order plans developed by mixed integer nonlinear programming. Examples were taken from the enterprises that were implemented. A mathematical model was then developed to be used in mixed integer nonlinear programming for a manual cut order plan, and a program code was created in LINGO optimisation software. With the program code developed, optimum results that cannot be manually calculated by an operator is obtained. The amounts of fabric to be used as a result of the cut order plan were applied to the samples taken from the enterprises, and the manual solution and model developed were compared. As a result of the comparisons made, thanks to the model, fabric developed, usage is reduced and fabric cost minimisation ensured.
Research on Yarn Diameter and Unevenness Based on an Adaptive Median Filter Denoising Algorithm
Authors: Wang Xiao , Hou Ru-Meng , Gao Xiao-Yan , Xin Bin-Jie 
Published: January 2020

In this paper an adaptive median filtering denoising algorithm is proposed to measure yarn diameter and its unevenness. Images of nine different yarn samples were captured using one set of a self-developed yarn image acquisition system. Image separation of the background and yarn sections was conducted using a combination of adaptive median filtering, adaptive threshold segmentation and morphological processing. The noise-free yarn image was used for diameter detection of the subsequent yarn image and the discrimination of the yarn unevenness. Experimental results show that the testing data of yarn unevenness detection based on the adaptive median filter denoising algorithm is very consistent with the data using the traditional method. It is proved that the yarn detection method proposed, based on an adaptive median filter denoising algorithm, is feasible. It can be used to calculate yarn diameter accurately and measure yarn unevenness efficiently, so as to determine the quality of yarn appearance objectively.
Muga eta trantsizioa Nafarroako euskal hizkeretan
Authors: Ibarra Murillo Orreaga 
Published: January 2020

Artikulu honek XX. mendeko Nafarroako hainbat hizkeretako mugako hizkeren ezaugarriak aztertzea da, horretarako Zuazoren arabera euskara nafarrean diren hiru tarteko hizkerak kontuan hartuz ( Burundakoa, Baztangoa eta Aezkoakoa). Horretarako, bi dialektologoren sailkapen- irizpideen arabera, beraien mugako hizkera zehazten saiatu gara. Hainbat hizkuntz-ezaugarri alderatuz, zehaztu da horietako zein erabiltzen diren euskara nafarrean eta zein ez. Azterketa honetatik ondorioztatzen da Burundako hizkerak duela antzekotasun -maila txikiena, eta euskara nafarreko euskalkietatik gehien urruntzen dena dela. Baztan eta Aezkoako hizkerak, berriz, euskara nafarrean sartzekoak dira, hizkuntz-ezaugarrien antzekotasuna handia denez. The aim of this article is to analyze the border character of some Basque dialects speaking in Navarre, dating from the end of the 20th century; based on oral texts from three border areas of Navarrese dialect (Burunda, Baztan and Aezkoa), according to the reseacher Zuazo. In order to do so, and basing this study on the classification criteria of two dialectologists, we try to determine their boundary character by analyzing, through a contrastive methodology, which features are met and which ones are not, to include them in Navarrese dialects. The research give lower similarity results for the speech of Burunda, the one that most moves away from the character of the Navarrese dialects. The dialects of Baztan and Aezkoa show a higher percentage of linguistic features to include them in the Navarrese dialect.
Värde med blandat lärande
Authors: Öberg Lena-Maria 
Published: January 2020

Blandat lärande tillskrivs flera fördelar såsom pedagogiska möjligheter, flexibilitet och ökad effektivitet. Det finns höga förväntningar på effekterna när högre utbildning inför olika varianter av blandat lärande. Det är väl känt att olika grupper ofta ser olika värden med digitalisering och problemet är att dessa värden är delvis okända vilket gör det svårt att utforma utbildning som möter dessa önskade värden. Syftet med den här studien är att ge ett kunskapsbidrag när det gäller en förståelse av skillnader och likheter i hur studenter, lärare och ledning beskriver värdet av blandat synkront lärande med särskilt fokus på flexibilitet. Artikeln baseras på semi-strukturerade intervjuer med tre grupper; studenter, lärare och ledning samt ett visions-och strategidokument. Analysen fokuserar på värden och värdepositioner. Analysen visar på att alla grupper beskriver samma värdeposition (serviceideal) som det viktigaste men lärarna utmärker sig eftersom de har svårare att beskriva värden med den variant av blandat lärande som finns. Det här är kopplat till att de upplever att arbetsinsatsen är högre än tidigare. Det empiriska materialet ger ett kunskapsbidrag eftersom det ger exempel på värden som inte tidigare presenterats. Slutligen presenteras tre utvecklingsområden som kan bidra till minskade konflikter och därmed bättre utformad utbildning.
Rapid digitization to reclaim thematic maps of white-tailed deer density from 1982 and 2003 in the conterminous US
Authors: Hanberry Brice , Hanberry Phillip 
Published: January 2020

Background
Despite availability of valuable ecological data in published thematic maps, manual methods to transfer published maps to a more accessible digital format are time-intensive. Application of object-based image analysis makes digitization faster.

Methods
Using object-based image analysis followed by random forests classification, we rapidly digitized choropleth maps of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) densities in the conterminous US during 1982 and 2001 to 2005 (hereafter, 2003), allowing access to deer density information stored in images.

Results
The digitization process took about one day each per deer density map, of which about two hours was computer processing time, which will differ due to factors such as resolution and number of objects. Deer were present in 4.75 million km2 (60% of the area) and 5.56 million km2 (70%) during 1982 and 2003, respectively. Population and density in areas with deer presence were 17.15 million and 3.6 deer/km2 during 1982 and 29.93 million and 5.4 deer/km2 during 2003. Greatest densities were 7.2 deer/km2 in Georgia during 1982 and 14.6 deer/km2 in Wisconsin during 2003. Six states had deer densities ≥9.8 deer/km2 during 2003. Colorado, Idaho, and Oregon had greatest increases in population and area of deer presence, and deer expansion is likely to continue into western states. Error in these estimates may be similar to error resulting from differential reporting by state agencies. Deer densities likely are within historical levels in most of the US.

Discussion
This method rapidly reclaimed informational value of deer density maps, enabling greater analysis, and similarly may be applied to digitize a variety of published maps to geographic information system layers, which permit greater analysis.
CD86+/CD206+ tumor-associated macrophages predict prognosis of patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Sun Dalong , Luo Tiancheng , Dong Pingping , Zhang Ningping , Chen Jing , Zhang Shuncai , Liu Longzi , Dong Ling , Zhang Si 
Published: January 2020

Background
As the main cellular ingredients of tumor microenvironment, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play a vital role in tumor development and progression. Recent studies have suggested that TAMs are sensitive and specific prognostic factors in numerous cancers. The primary purpose of this study is to determine the prognostic significance of TAMs in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC).

Methods
Immunohistochemical staining of CD68, CD86 and CD206 were performed in tissue microarrays containing 322 patients, who underwent surgical resection and were pathologically diagnosed with ICC. The prognostic value of CD68, CD86 and CD206 were evaluated by Kaplan–Meier analysis (log-rank test) and nomogram models.

Results
We demonstrated that the CD86+/CD206+ TAMs model was an independent prognostic index for ICC patients. Patients with low CD86+ TAMs and high CD206+ TAMs infiltration had a markedly worse prognosis and increased risk of post-operative recurrence when compared to high CD86+ TAMs and low CD206+ TAMs intratumoral infiltration. Furthermore, subgroup analysis indicated that the CD86+/CD206+ TAMs model predicted prognosis of ICC patients more powerfully than single macrophage immunomarker. Interestingly, the CD86+/CD206+ TAMs model could further distinguish prognosis of CA-199 negative ICC patients, who were generally presumed to have a more favorable outcome. In order to further perfect the prognostic value of the CD86+/CD206+ TAMs model, we constructed and validated a postoperative nomogram to predict overall survival and recurrence-free survival time in ICC patients.

Conclusions
These findings indicate that the CD86+/CD206+ TAMs model possess potential value as a novel prognostic indicator for ICC patients.
Comparative Study of the Nutritive and Bioactive Compounds of Three Cucurbit Species Grown in Two Regions of Côte d’Ivoire
Authors: Diby N’Nan A. S. , Assoi Sylvie , Konan N’Guessan Y. , Coulibaly Adama , Biego Godi H. M. 
Published: January 2020

Aims: The objective of this work was to contribute to the valorization of 3 local cucurbit oilseeds species grown in 2 producing regions of Côte d’Ivoire, namely the Kabadougou and the Moronou. Thus, a comparative study on the main nutritive and bioactive compounds of these cucurbits was conducted.
Methodology: Mature dried seeds of Citrullus lanatus sp, Lagenaria siceraria Molina Standl, and Cucumeropsis mannii Naudin, locally named respectively Wlewle, Bebou and Nviele, were collected in the 2 regions, dehulled and processed for analyses. Standard procedures of AOAC, AFNOR and FAO were used for the determination of the nutritive and bioactive compounds.
Results: Wlewle species exhibited the highest content of lipids (51.07±1.32%), energy caloric value (584.05±4.13 kcal/), polyphenols (141±23.97) and flavonoids (0.19±0.02) content. Nviele species had the highest protein (38.90±0.93%) and reducing sugar (70.62±1.03 mg/100 g) content. Bebou species exhibited the highest ash content (3.91±0.38%) and total soluble sugars (3.42±0.19%). Flavonoids content was similar for each species regardless of the region. Pearson’s correlation analysis revealed (p< 0.01) that energy caloric and lipid were directly correlated but conversely with protein. Direct correlation was also observed between polyphenols and lipid content in Wlewle and Nviele varieties, while in the Bebou, this trend was observed with protein. Despite their small shape, Wlewle species provide higher caloric energy upon consumption.
A Comparative Study on Antioxidation and Antibacterial Activities Triphala Herb Extracts from Chae Son, Lampang, Thailand
Authors: Pompimon Wilart , Baison Wipanoot , Chuajedton Angkhana , Udomputtimekakul Phansuang , Sombutsiri Punchavee , Wingwon Boonthawan , Udomtanakunchai Chatchanok 
Published: January 2020

Introduction: Triphala, a herbal medicine which is a product from Chae Son, Lampang, Thailand, is an unequal-proportional mixture of fruits of three herbs, Phyllanthus emblica, Terminalia chebula, and Terminalia bellirica (2:1:1).
Materials and Methods: The contemporary study concentrated on extracts detection and comparative analysis between various annual year (A.D.2017/2018) activities in hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanolic extracts of Triphala. The determination of antioxidant was using by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). The broth dilution and agar well diffusion assay were determined antibacterial.
Results: Results exposed the valuable biological activity extracts from ethyl acetate and methanol solvents of T. chebula and T. bellirica, which strength is accountable for biological activities. Extracts displayed acceptable radical-scavenging activity analogous with ascorbic acid. The methanol extract of T. bellirica (0.0013 mg/mL), ethyl acetate extract of P. emblica (0.0009 mg/mL), in A.D. 2017 and the ethyl acetate extract of P. emblica (0.0090 mg/mL), the methanol extract of Triphala (0.0176 mg/mL) in 2018, were exhibited higher antioxidant activity. Also, extracts indicated hopeful antibacterial potential against tested strain comparable to chloramphenicol.
Conclusion: The results in A.D. 2017 showed that inhibition zone of P. emblica in ethyl acetate extract; S. aureas (8.67 mm), E. aerogenes (8.67 mm), E. coli (EPEC) (7.67 mm), P. mirabilis (7.73 mm) , S. typhimurium (8.33 mm), S. flexneri (8.33 mm) and V. cholera (7.33 mm) together with P. emblica methanol extract; S. aureas (6.67 mm), E. aerogenes (7.76 mm.) and V. cholera (4.0 mm). Therefore, it could be concluded that Triphala may be a talented candidate in pharmaceutical and future medicine.
Fabrication of Oxygen‐Vacancy Abundant NiMn‐Layered Double Hydroxides for Ultrahigh Capacity Supercapacitors
Authors: Tang Yanqun , Shen Haoming , Cheng Jinqian , Liang Zibin , Qu Chong , Tabassum Hassina , Zou Ruqiang 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe rational design of advanced structures consisting of multiple components with excellent electrochemical capacitive properties is one of the crucial hindrances to be overcome for high‐performance supercapacitors (SCs). Herein, a superfast and facile synthesis of flower‐like NiMn‐layered double hydroxides (NiMn‐LDH) with high SC performance using an electrodeposition process on nickel foam is proposed. Oxygen vacancies are then modulated via mild H2O2 treatment for the first time, significantly promoting the electrochemical energy storage performance. The oxygen‐vacancy abundant NiMn‐LDH (Ov‐LDH) reaches a maximum specific capacity of 1183 C g−1 at the current density of 1 A g−1 and retains a high capacity retention of 835 C g−1 even at a current density of up to 10 A g−1. Furthermore, the assembled asymmetric SC device achieves a high specific energy density of 46.7 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 1.7 kW kg−1. Oxygen vacancies are proven to play a vital role in the improvement of electrochemistry performance of LDH based on experimental and theoretical studies. This vacancy engineering strategy provides a new insight into SC active materials and should be beneficial for the design of the next generation of energy storage devices.
Enhanced Performance of Perovskite Solar Cells via Low‐Temperature‐Processed Mesoporous SnO2
Authors: Wang Qiyun , Peng Changtao , Du Lin , Li Haijin , Zhang Wenfeng , Xie Jiale , Qi Hongchang , Li Yuepeng , Tian Liuwen , Huang Yuelong 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPerovskite solar cells (PSCs) based on planar SnO2 (p‐SnO2) demonstrate excellent performance due to the superior properties of SnO2 as electron transporting layer (ETL). However, at present mesoporous SnO2 (m‐SnO2) still lags behind p‐SnO2 due to problems in the fabrication process of m‐SnO2. In this paper, a new strategy for preparing m‐SnO2 ETL is introduced which owns two valuable features: First, it applies a low temperature process to make mesoporous structure, which favors preserving the pristine properties of the raw SnO2 nanocrystals. Second, the degree of porosity and roughness of the m‐SnO2 layer can be well controlled, making it friendly to the following deposition process of PSCs. The performance of the PSCs based on the m‐SnO2 ETL prepared from this strategy shows an obvious improvement which is mainly from the improvement in Jsc and FF, suggesting a higher carrier collection efficiency for the m‐SnO2 ETL. The relevant characterizations including PL, TRPL, EIS, and KPFM confirm that the m‐SnO2 ETL possesses stronger electron extraction capability than the p‐SnO2 ETL. Hence, the proposed strategy can manifest the advantages of m‐SnO2 ETL meanwhile refrain its negative impacts, and thus promote the progress of the m‐SnO2 ETL‐based PSCs.