bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Photo-triggered large mass transport driven only by a photoresponsive surface skin layer
Authors: Kitamura Issei , Kato Keisuke , Berk Rafael Benjamin , Nakai Takashi , Hara Mitsuo , Nagano Shusaku , Seki Takahiro 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSince the discovery 25 years ago, many investigations have reported light-induced macroscopic mass migration of azobenzene-containing polymer films. Various mechanisms have been proposed to account for these motions. This study explores light-inert side chain liquid crystalline polymer (SCLCP) films with a photoresponsive polymer only at the free surface and reports the key effects of the topmost surface to generate surface relief gratings (SRGs) for SCLCP films. The top-coating with an azobenzene-containing SCLCP is achieved by the Langmuir–Schaefer (LS) method or surface segregation. A negligible amount of the photoresponsive skin layer can induce large SRGs upon patterned UV light irradiation. Conversely, the motion of the SRG-forming azobenzene SCLCP is impeded by the existence of a LS monolayer of the octadecyl side chain polymer on the top. These results are well understood by considering the Marangoni flow driven by the surface tension instability. This approach should pave the way toward in-situ inscription of the surface topography for light-inert materials and eliminate the strong light absorption of azobenzene, which is a drawback in optical device applications.
Novel microwire-based biosensor probe for simultaneous real-time measurement of glutamate and GABA dynamics in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Doughty P. Timothy , Hossain Imran , Gong Chenggong , Ponder Kayla A. , Pati Sandipan , Arumugam Prabhu U. , Murray Teresa A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractGlutamate (GLU) and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) are the major excitatory (E) and inhibitory (I) neurotransmitters in the brain, respectively. Dysregulation of the E/I ratio is associated with numerous neurological disorders. Enzyme-based microelectrode array biosensors present the potential for improved biocompatibility, localized sample volumes, and much faster sampling rates over existing measurement methods. However, enzymes degrade over time. To overcome the time limitation of permanently implanted microbiosensors, we created a microwire-based biosensor that can be periodically inserted into a permanently implanted cannula. Biosensor coatings were based on our previously developed GLU and reagent-free GABA shank-type biosensor. In addition, the microwire biosensors were in the same geometric plane for the improved acquisition of signals in planar tissue including rodent brain slices, cultured cells, and brain regions with laminar structure. We measured real-time dynamics of GLU and GABA in rat hippocampal slices and observed a significant, nonlinear shift in the E/I ratio from excitatory to inhibitory dominance as electrical stimulation frequency increased from 10 to 140 Hz, suggesting that GABA release is a component of a homeostatic mechanism in the hippocampus to prevent excitotoxic damage. Additionally, we recorded from a freely moving rat over fourteen weeks, inserting fresh biosensors each time, thus demonstrating that the microwire biosensor overcomes the time limitation of permanently implanted biosensors and that the biosensors detect relevant changes in GLU and GABA levels that are consistent with various behaviors.
Survival differences and associated molecular signatures of DNMT3A-mutant acute myeloid leukemia patients
Authors: Lauber Chris , Correia Nádia , Trumpp Andreas , Rieger Michael A. , Dolnik Anna , Bullinger Lars , Roeder Ingo , Seifert Michael 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAcute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a very heterogeneous and highly malignant blood cancer. Mutations of the DNA methyltransferaseDNMT3Aare among the most frequent recurrent genetic lesions in AML. The majority ofDNMT3A-mutant AML patients shows fast relapse and poor survival, but also patients with long survival or long-term remission have been reported. Underlying molecular signatures and mechanisms that contribute to these survival differences are only poorly understood and have not been studied in detail so far. We applied hierarchical clustering to somatic gene mutation profiles of 51DNMT3A-mutant patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) AML cohort revealing two robust patient subgroups with profound differences in survival. We further determined molecular signatures that distinguish both subgroups. Our results suggest thatFLT3and/orNPM1mutations contribute to survival differences ofDNMT3A-mutant patients. We observed an upregulation of genes of the p53, VEGF and DNA replication pathway and a downregulation of genes of the PI3K-Akt pathway in short- compared to long-lived patients. We identified that the majority of measured miRNAs was downregulated in the short-lived group and we found differentially expressed microRNAs between both subgroups that have not been reported for AML so far (miR-153-2,miR-3065,miR-95,miR-6718) suggesting that miRNAs could be important for prognosis. In addition, we learned gene regulatory networks to predict potential major regulators and found several genes and miRNAs with known roles in AML pathogenesis, but also interesting novel candidates involved in the regulation of hematopoiesis, cell cycle, cell differentiation, and immunity that may contribute to the observed survival differences of both subgroups and could therefore be important for prognosis. Moreover, the characteristic gene mutation and expression signatures that distinguished short- from long-lived patients were also predictive for independentDNMT3A-mutant AML patients from other cohorts and could also contribute to further improve the European LeukemiaNet (ELN) prognostic scoring system. Our study represents the first in-depth computational approach to identify molecular factors associated with survival differences ofDNMT3A-mutant AML patients and could trigger additional studies to develop robust molecular markers for a better stratification of AML patients withDNMT3Amutations.
Different levels of estradiol are correlated with sexual dysfunction in adult men
Authors: Chen Tong , Wu Fei , Wang Xianlong , Ma Gang , Xuan Xujun , Tang Rong , Ding Sentai , Lu Jiaju 
Published: July 2020

AbstractEjaculatory dysfunction, including premature ejaculation (PE) and delayed ejaculation (DE), as well as erectile dysfunction (ED), constitute the majority of male sexual dysfunction. Despite a fair amount of data on the role of hormones and erection and ejaculation, it is inconclusive due to controversy in the current literature. To explore the correlation of male sexual dysfunction with hormonal profile, 1,076 men between the ages of 19–60 years (mean: 32.12 years) were included in this retrospective case–control study; 507 were categorized as ED, PE and DE groups. Five hundred and sixty-nine men without sexual dysfunction were enrolled in the control group. The background characteristics and clinical features of the four groups were collected and analyzed. The estradiol value was significantly elevated in the ED group than the control group (109.44 ± 47.14 pmol/L vs. 91.88 ± 27.68 pmol/L; P < 0.001). Conversely, the DE group had significantly lower level of estradiol than control did (70.76 ± 27.20 pmol/L vs. 91.88 ± 27.68 pmol/L; P < 0.001). The PE group had similar level of estradiol (91.73 ± 31.57 pmol/L vs. 91.88 ± 27.68 pmol/L; P = 0.960) but significantly higher level of testosterone (17.23 ± 5.72 nmol/L vs. 15.31 ± 4.31 nmol/L; P < 0.001) compared with the control group. In conclusion, elevated serum testosterone concentration was an independent risk factor for PE. Besides, there was a progressively increasing graded-distribution of estradiol values from DE to PE and ED groups.
Influence of artificial turf temperature on physical performance and muscle contractile properties in football players after a repeated-sprint ability test
Authors: Calderón-Pellegrino Gabriel , Gallardo Leonor , Paredes-Hernández Víctor , García-Unanue Jorge , Giménez Jesus Vicente , Colino Enrique , Felipe Jose Luis , Sánchez-Sánchez Javier 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis study aimed to analyse the effect of playing surface temperature on muscular and thermal response to a repeated-sprint ability (RSA) test in football players. Thirty-two male football players (23 ± 5 years; 1.77 ± 0.06 m; 71.2 ± 6.7 kg) from two squads of a third-division football club participated in the study. An RSA test was carried out at a high surface temperature (45.34 ± 2.53 °C) and low surface temperature (27.21 ± 2.17 °C). Before and after this test, the muscular response of the players was assessed through tensiomyography and thermograms. The results revealed that performance in the RSA test particularly increased at a higher surface temperature, especially in the first 5 m of the 30 m sprint test. While a reduction in maximal radial displacement (Dm) in the biceps femoris post-RSA was observed at lower surface temperatures, a higher temperature on the thigh, hamstring and calf was found in the higher surface temperature group. In conclusion, higher surface temperatures had an influence on players’ thermal and tensiomyographic profile and improved performance in their repeated-sprint ability. These results suggest a need for coaches and players to be aware of these parameters to ensure adequate functionality and safety of the playing surface.
HOTTIP polymorphism may affect gastric cancer susceptibility by altering HOTTIP expression
Authors: Wang Ben-gang , Li Yi-zhi , Ding Han-xi , Lv Zhi , Xu Qian , Yuan Yuan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Non-coding RNA polymorphisms can affect disease risk and prognosis by influencing gene expression. Here, we first investigated the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) HOTTIP and gastric cancer risk/prognosis. Methods: A total of five HOTTIP SNPs among 627 gastric cancer cases and 935 controls were tested by Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR (KASP) assay. The functional SNPs underwent eQTL analysis and the expression of HOTTIP was assessed by quantitative RT-PCR. Results: The rs2067087 and rs3807598 SNPs of HOTTIP increased susceptibility to gastric cancer (rs2067087: dominant model, P=0.008, odds ratio (OR) = 1.35; rs3807598: recessive model, P=0.037, OR = 1.29). Both HOTTIP rs2067087 and rs3807598 could affect the expression of mature lncRNA (P=0.003 and P=0.032, respectively). Conclusion: The rs2067087 and rs3807598 SNPs of HOTTIP are associated with gastric cancer risk, possibly by affecting the expression of mature HOTTIP.
Structural Changes in the Posterior Interosseous Nerve from Patients with Wrist Osteoarthritis and Asymptomatic Controls
Authors: Swärd Elin , Nennesmo Inger , Wilcke Maria 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackground Posttraumatic morphological changes have been described in the posterior interosseous nerve (PIN) after mild wrist trauma, and it has been suggested that posttraumatic nerve changes may contribute to wrist pain. PIN excision has shown to relieve pain in some patients with wrist osteoarthritis. However, is not known if PINs from osteoarthritic wrist have pathological features.Objective The aim of this study was to investigate whether PINs from osteoarthritic wrists show morphological changes that are not present in healthy wrists.Materials and Methods PINs resected from 15 osteoarthritic wrists were analyzed with light microscopy regarding morphological changes and compared with five asymptomatic controls without osteoarthritis.Results No significant differences in fascicular area, myelinated fiber density or myelinated fiber diameter were found. However, most patients and controls exhibited some degree of pathology, and a few samples from both groups exhibited severe pathological changes.Conclusions Our findings of morphological changes in both patients with osteoarthritis and asymptomatic controls suggest that pathological changes of unknown significance might exist in the general population in the PIN at wrist level. We believe that the observed structural nerve changes in the PIN are unlikely to contribute to the symptoms of pain. Further studies of the normal histological appearance of the terminal PIN are needed.Level of Evidence This is Level II study.
Autosomal Recessive Polycystic Kidney Disease—The Clinical Aspects and Diagnostic Challenges
Authors: Wicher Dorota , Obrycki Łukasz , Jankowska Irena 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAutosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD) is one of the most common ciliopathies with kidney (nephromegaly, hypertension, renal dysfunction) and liver involvement (congenital hepatic fibrosis, dilated bile ducts). Clinical features also include growth failure and neurocognitive impairment. Plurality of clinical aspects requires multidisciplinary approach to treatment and care of patients. Until recently, diagnosis was based on clinical criteria. Results of genetic testing show the molecular basis of polycystic kidneys disease is heterogeneous, and differential diagnosis is essential. The aim of the article is to discuss the role of genetic testing and its difficulties in diagnostics of ARPKD in children.
Goldenhar Syndrome Presenting As Squamosal Chronic Otitis Media
Authors: Ambewadi Ravi , Bhat Vikram Kemmannu , Salian Prajna Laxman 
Published: July 2020

AbstractGoldenhar syndrome is a rare congenital anomaly involving the eye, ear, vertebra, and the mandible. This anomaly presenting primarily to the ENT outpatient clinic with ear discharge and cholesteatoma is still rarer. Here we describe one such rare case that was a challenge to diagnose as well as manage. We also discuss the various problems in the management and highlight the need for a multispecialty approach to tackling the various pathologies in such a case.
Case and preposition stranding in Old English free relatives
Authors: Allen Cynthia L. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractTaylor (2014)observes that some of the factual claims made inAllen (1980), the most thorough examination of free relatives in Old English to date, are not entirely correct. Taylor presents some examples that Allen’s analysis of Old English free relatives does not account for and proposes an alternative analysis in which the relative pronoun can be internal to the relative clause and the case of the pronoun is determined by the case hierarchy proposed byHarbert (2007)for Gothic. This corpus-based study supplies new data showing that while Taylor’s relative-internal analysis is needed for some examples, the evidence does not support the suggested case hierarchy except in regulating optional case attraction. Latin influence may account for examples that do not fit the usual patterns.
The functional components of telephone conversation opening phase in Jordanian Arabic
Authors: Al-Ali Mohammed Nahar , Abu-Abah Rana N. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Our study purports to examine the rhetorical structure of informal telephone conversation opening phase in
Jordanian Arabic and the lexico-grammatical and stylistic encodings of these pragmatic options. To this end, a corpus of 100
telephone conversation recordings was collected from Jordanian Arabic. The recordings were based on the participants’ personal
cell phones with their families and friends. Our data analysis drew on House (1982) and
Sun’s (2004) models of interactional moves to find out the component options used
to articulate this phase. The results revealed that although the group of participants use a set of functional components similar
to those identified in other cultures, there are additional functional component options like ‘ostensible invitation’ and
‘God-wishes’ that are only used by Jordanians. Besides, they utilize various lexico-grammatical devices and stylistic options to
articulate these components. These choices can be attributed to the socio-cultural background of the Jordanian Arabic native
speakers.
Multiple functions of the Cantonese ‘wait’ verb dang2 and their historical development
Authors: Lai Yik-Po 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The diachronic development of morphemes meaning ‘wait’ has not been well documented. This paper describes multiple
functions of the ‘wait’ verb dang2 in Hong Kong Cantonese: (a) a verb meaning ‘be in need of’, (b) a permissive
verb meaning ‘let’, (c) a causative verb meaning ‘cause’, (d) a temporal marker meaning ‘at, when’, (e) a particle for giving
notice of a coming event, and (f) a subordinating conjunction signifying someone’s surprise. Four development paths are proposed
to account for the multifunctionality: ‘wait’ > (a); ‘wait’ > (d); ‘wait’ > (b) > (e); and ‘wait’ > (c) > (f).
This case draws attention to the potential of ‘wait’ morphemes to be employed to express various other abstract concepts and,
furthermore, highlights the role of indirect sources in the theory of grammaticalization.
Towards Global Volunteer Monitoring of Odonate Abundance
Authors: Bried Jason , Ries Leslie , Smith Brenda , Patten Michael , Abbott John , Ball-Damerow Joan , Cannings Robert , Cordero-Rivera Adolfo , Córdoba-Aguilar Alex , De Marco Paulo , Dijkstra Klaas-Douwe , Dolný Aleš , van Grunsven Roy , Halstead David , Harabiš Filip , Hassall Christopher , Jeanmougin Martin , Jones Colin , Juen Leandro , Kalkman Vincent , Kietzka Gabriella , Mazzacano Celeste Searles , Orr Albert , Perron Mary Ann , Rocha-Ortega Maya , Sahlén Göran , Samways Michael , Siepielski Adam , Simaika John , Suhling Frank , Underhill Les , White Erin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractInsects are reportedly experiencing widespread declines, but we generally have sparse data on their abundance. Correcting this shortfall will take more effort than professional entomologists alone can manage. Volunteer nature enthusiasts can greatly help to monitor the abundance of dragonflies and damselflies (Odonata), iconic freshwater sentinels and one of the few nonpollinator insect groups appreciated by the public and amenable to citizen science. Although counting individual odonates is common in some locations, current data will not enable a global perspective on odonate abundance patterns and trends. Borrowing insight from butterfly monitoring efforts, we outline basic plans for a global volunteer network to count odonates, including organizational structure, advertising and recruiting, and data collection, submission, and synthesis. We hope our proposal serves as a catalyst for richer coordinated efforts to understand population trends of odonates and other insects in the Anthropocene.
Facility-Level Factors Associated With CNA Turnover and Retention: Lessons for the Long-Term Services Industry
Authors: Kennedy Katherine A , Applebaum Robert , Bowblis John R 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Certified nursing assistant (CNA) turnover and retention are critical aspects of facilities’ ability to provide cost-effective, high-quality person-centered care. Previous studies and industry practice often treat turnover and retention as similar concepts, assuming that low turnover and high retention are synonymous. The study addressed the question of whether turnover and retention rates differ and if so, what those differences mean for nursing home practice, policy, and research.

Research Design and Methods
This study examines facility-level factors associated with CNA retention and turnover rates using 2015 data from the Ohio Biennial Survey of Long-Term Care Facilities, Ohio Medicaid Cost Reports, Certification and Survey Provider Enhanced Report, and the Area Health Resource File. Using bivariate tests and regression analysis, we compare rates and the factors associated with retention and turnover.

Results
The mean facility annual retention rate was 64% and the mean annual turnover rate was 55%. As expected, there was a statistically significant and negative correlation between the rates (r = −0.26). However, some facilities had both high retention and high turnover and some had low rates for both measures. Not all the variables that are associated with turnover are also associated with retention.

Discussion and Implications
CNA retention is not simply the absence of CNA turnover. Given the differences, nursing homes may need to use strategies and policies designed to target a particular stability measure.
Rise in Presence of Methamphetamine in Oral Fluid Toxicology Tests Among Outpatients in a Large Healthcare Setting in the Northeast
Authors: Wakeman Sarah , Flood James , Ciccarone Daniel 
Published: July 2020

Objectives:
To examine changes in presence of methamphetamine in toxicology testing among outpatients receiving healthcare in Boston, Massachusetts.

Methods:
A serial cross-sectional study of oral fluid drug test results over a 6-year period of all patient specimens submitted for testing as part of routine care across an academic medical center in Boston, Massachusetts and affiliated primary care practices which has roughly 48,000 admissions and 500,000 primary care visits per year. All samples were subjected to definitive drug testing by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry for fentanyl, 6-monoacetylmorphine (6-MAM, metabolite of heroin), benzoylecgonine (metabolite of cocaine), cocaine, and methamphetamine. We compared positive rates and change over time across the same calendar months (February to July) of 6 consecutive years from 2014 to 2019.

Results:
Total of 17,303 oral fluid samples collected from outpatients receiving routine healthcare across 6 years were analyzed. Samples showing presence of methamphetamine, cocaine, and fentanyl increased over the study period, whereas 6-MAM presence decreased. From 2014 to 2019 samples with methamphetamine present increased from 0.9% to 5.1% and samples with 6-MAM present decreased from 9.5% to 2.8%. Fentanyl was added to the testing panel in 2017. In 2019, 15.7% of samples had fentanyl present. Polysubstance use was common; 44% of samples with methamphetamine also showed cocaine or benzoylecgonine, 25% showed fentanyl, and 3% showed 6-MAM presence.

Conclusions:
Presence of methamphetamine in oral fluid toxicology tests increased from 2014 to 2019 across a sample of outpatients receiving healthcare in Boston, Massachusetts. Regions of the country with high rates of opioid overdose may need to integrate harm reduction and addiction treatment resources for stimulant use disorder in addition to opioid use disorder.