bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radiomics in predicting treatment response in non-small-cell lung cancer: current status, challenges and future perspectives
Authors: Chetan Madhurima R. , Gleeson Fergus V. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Objectives
Radiomics is the extraction of quantitative data from medical imaging, which has the potential to characterise tumour phenotype. The radiomics approach has the capacity to construct predictive models for treatment response, essential for the pursuit of personalised medicine. In this literature review, we summarise the current status and evaluate the scientific and reporting quality of radiomics research in the prediction of treatment response in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods
A comprehensive literature search was conducted using the PubMed database. A total of 178 articles were screened for eligibility and 14 peer-reviewed articles were included. The radiomics quality score (RQS), a radiomics-specific quality metric emulating the TRIPOD guidelines, was used to assess scientific and reporting quality.

Results
Included studies reported several predictive markers including first-, second- and high-order features, such as kurtosis, grey-level uniformity and wavelet HLL mean respectively, as well as PET-based metabolic parameters. Quality assessment demonstrated a low median score of + 2.5 (range − 5 to + 9), mainly reflecting a lack of reproducibility and clinical evaluation. There was extensive heterogeneity between studies due to differences in patient population, cancer stage, treatment modality, follow-up timescales and radiomics workflow methodology.

Conclusions
Radiomics research has not yet been translated into clinical use. Efforts towards standardisation and collaboration are needed to identify reproducible radiomic predictors of response. Promising radiomic models must be externally validated and their impact evaluated within the clinical pathway before they can be implemented as a clinical decision-making tool to facilitate personalised treatment for patients with NSCLC.

Key Points
• The included studies reported several promising radiomic markers of treatment response in lung cancer; however, there was a lack of reproducibility between studies.
• Quality assessment using the radiomics quality score (RQS) demonstrated a low median total score of + 2.5 (range − 5 to + 9).
• Future radiomics research should focus on implementation of standardised radiomics features and software, together with external validation in a prospective setting.
Conservative management of abnormally invasive placenta complicated by local hyperfibrinolysis and beginning disseminated intravascular coagulation
Authors: Biele C. , Kaufner L. , Schwickert A. , Nonnenmacher A. , von Weizsäcker K. , Muallem M. Z. , Henrich W. , Braun T. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Introduction
Abnormally invasive placenta (AIP) is often associated with high maternal morbidity. In surgical treatment, caesarean hysterectomy or partial uterine resection may lead to high perioperative maternal blood loss. A conservative treatment by leaving the placenta in utero after caesarean delivery of the baby is an option to preserve fertility and to reduce peripartum hysterectomy-related morbidity. Nevertheless, due to increased placental coagulation activity as well as consumption of clotting factors, a disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)-like state with secondary late postpartum bleeding can occur.

Purpose
Systematic review after the presentation of a case of conservative management of placenta percreta with secondary partial uterine wall resection due to vaginal bleeding, complicated by local hyperfibrinolysis and consecutive systemic decrease in fibrinogen levels.

Methods
Systematic PubMed database search was done until August 2019 without any restriction of publication date or journal

Results
Among 58 publications, a total of 11 reported on DIC-like symptoms in the conservative management of AIP, in the median on day 59 postpartum. In most cases, emergency hysterectomy was performed, which led to an almost immediate normalization of coagulation status but was accompanied with high maternal blood loss. In two cases, fertility-preserving conservative management could be continued after successful medical therapy.

Conclusion
Based on these results, we suggest routinely monitoring of the coagulation parameters next to signs of infection in the postpartum check-ups during conservative management of AIP. Postpartum tranexamic acid oral dosage should be discussed when fibrinogen levels are decreasing and D-Dimers are increasing.
The PRIAMO study: age- and sex-related relationship between prodromal constipation and disease phenotype in early Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Picillo Marina , Palladino Raffaele , Erro Roberto , Alfano Rossella , Colosimo Carlo , Marconi Roberto , Antonini Angelo , Barone Paolo ,   on behalf of the PRIAMO study group, Antonini Angelo , Colosimo Carlo , Marconi Roberto , Morgante Letterio , Benincasa D. , Quatrale R. , Biguzzi S. , Braga M. , Ceravolo G. , Capecci M. , Meco G. , Caravona N. , Scala R. , De Falco F. A. , Pezzoli G. , De Gaspari D. , Bottacchi E. , Di Giovanni M. , Cannas A. , Floris G. , Gallerini S. , Grasso L. , Gaglio R. M. , Gurgone G. , Volpe G. , Zappulla S. , Ceravolo R. , Kiferle L. , Ramat S. , Meoni S. , Pisani A. , Moschella V. , Morgante F. , Savica R. , Pepe F. , Ciccarelli G. , Petretta V. , Giglia R. M. , Randisi M. G. , Iemolo F. , Avarello T. P. , Romeno M. , Santangelo G. , Stocchi F. , Sciortino G. , Sorbello V. , Nicoletti A. , Tiple D. , Fabbrini G. , Bentivoglio A. , Pontieri F. E. , Guidubaldi A. , Muoio R. , Toni V. , Del Dotto P. , Logi C. , Ciacci G. , Ulivelli M. , Perini M. , Lanfranchi S. , Griffini S. , Troianiello B. , Baratti M. , Amidei S. , Consoli D. , Iellamo M. , Cuomo T. , Scaglioni A. , Medici D. , Manfredi M. , Abbruzzese G. , Di Brigida G. , Cocco G. A. , Agnetti V. , Cossu G. , Deriu M. , Abrignani M. , Modica C. , Albani G. , Milan E. , Martinelli P. , Scaglione C. , Mucchiut M. , Zanini S. , Pennisi F. , Soliveri P , Albanese A. , Massimo Pederzoli , Bartolomei L. , Capus L. , Ferigo L. , Marano R. , Nastasi V. , Luciano R. , Maiello L. , Simone P. , Fogli D. , Lopiano L. , Pesare M. , Nordera G. , Pilleri E. , Scaravilli T. , Giaccaglini E. , Alesi C. , Petrone A. , Trianni G. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Objectives
To explore the impact of sex and age on relationship between prodromal constipation and disease phenotype in Parkinson’s disease at early stages.

Methods
A total of 385 Parkinson’s disease patients from the PRIAMO study were classified according to the presence of prodromal constipation and followed for 24 months. Multivariable mixed-effect models were applied. All analyses were performed separately for sex (64.1% men) and median age (different by sex: 67 years-old in men and 68 years-old in women).

Results
As for sex, prodromal constipation was associated with greater odds of attention/memory complaints and apathy symptoms in women only. As for age, prodromal constipation was associated with lower cognitive and higher apathy scores in older patients only.

Conclusions
Prodromal constipation anticipates lower cognitive performances and more severe apathy since the earliest stages in women and older patients. Sex- and age-related heterogeneity of prodromal markers of Parkinson’s disease may impact disease phenotype.
The spectrum of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy in Caucasians: clinical characteristics and proposal of a classification
Authors: van Dijk Elon H. C. , Mohabati Danial , Veselinovic Simona , Chung Wing H. , Dijkman Greet , Boon Camiel J. F. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Purpose
To describe the clinical characteristics and outcome of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV), also known as aneurysmal type 1 (sub-retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)) neovascularization, in Caucasian patients.

Methods
Single-centre study in 66 Caucasian patients with a diagnosis of PCV based on optical coherence tomography scan and indocyanine green angiography. Clinical characteristics and multimodal imaging were collected and assessed by an experienced retina specialist.

Results
This study involved 74 eyes of 66 patients with PCV, with a mean age at onset of 73 years and a female preponderance of 66%. The mean number of polypoidal lesions per eye was 1 (range: 1–5 lesions), out of which 75% was located in the macula and 19% in the peripapillary region. Of the 74 eyes, 37 eyes (50%) had PCV associated with a drusenoidal neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) phenotype (PCV-AMD) and 18 eyes (24%) had PCV associated with non-polypoidal type 1 choroidal neovascularization/branching vascular network (PCV-BVN) without signs of drusenoidal AMD, while 19 eyes (26%) had idiopathic, isolated PCV (iPCV). The mean subfoveal choroidal thickness measured in 22 patients was 245 μm (range: 71–420 μm). In 51% of patients, the initially performed therapy showed good anatomical recovery (resolution of intra- and subretinal fluid).

Conclusions
A spectrum of PCV (aneurysmal type 1/sub-RPE neovascularization) can be seen in Caucasian patients. PCV associated with a drusenoidal neovascular AMD phenotype in Caucasians is phenotypically and presumably pathophysiologically more associated with neovascular AMD (PCV-AMD: type A PCV). However, this may not be the case for patients with PCV with non-polypoidal type 1 choroidal neovascularization or BVN and no signs of drusenoidal AMD (PCV-BVN: type B PCV), and for patients with idiopathic PCV without associated drusen or BVN (iPCV; type C PCV). Most patients have a thin choroid, even when drusen are absent. For the entire patient group, a moderate anatomical recovery was observed after treatment.
Etiology, microbiological isolates, and antibiotic susceptibilities in culture-proven pediatric endophthalmitis: a 9-year review
Authors: Yang Yao , Lin Lixia , Li Yujie , Jiang Zhaoxin , Li Cheng , Liu Manli , Duan Fang , Lin Xiaofeng 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Purpose
To analyze the etiology, microbiological isolates, and antibiotic susceptibilities of endophthalmitis in pediatric patients.

Methods
Patients aged < 18 years with culture-positive endophthalmitis in Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center between January 2010 and December 2018 were included retrospectively.

Results
A total of 127 patients (127 eyes) were included, and 108 (85%) had posttraumatic endophthalmitis. Streptococcus (21.4%), coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (14.5%), Aspergillus (6.9%), and Bacillus cereus (5.3%) were the common organisms. The proportion of Streptococcus decreased with age (40.0% in 0–3 years, 16.3% in 4–12 years, and 6.3% in 13–17 years), while coagulase-negative Staphylococcus increased from 5.7% to 18.8%. Overall, fluoroquinolones achieved the highest antibiotic susceptibility rate (> 95%), while the susceptibility of isolated bacteria to tobramycin and cefazolin was only 60.2% and 59.4%, respectively. The susceptibility rates of Gram-positive cocci to cephalosporins were nearly 90%. For Gram-negative bacilli, susceptibility to neomycin was 91.3%.

Conclusion
Trauma was the main etiology for pediatric endophthalmitis. Although Streptococcus was the most prevalent organism in general, the dominant pathogen varied with age, which merits clinical attention. Fluoroquinolones showed the highest antibiotic efficacy; however, commonly used antibiotics tobramycin and cefazolin showed relatively low antibiotic susceptibility. Thus, antibiotic resistance in pediatric populations merits clinical attention.
Distribution of plasma copeptin levels and influence of obesity in children and adolescents
Authors: Tuli Gerdi , Munarin Jessica , Tessaris Daniele , Einaudi Silvia , Matarazzo Patrizia , de Sanctis Luisa 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn recent years, a more stable AVP surrogate, called copeptin, has been used as an adjuvant diagnostic tool for dysnatremia in adults and appears to be promising even in the pediatric age. The aim of this study is to present the distribution of plasma copeptin in a large pediatric cohort and to observe the influence of fluid consumption and obesity on its values. A cohort of 128 children and adolescents was divided into two groups on the basis of nocturnal deprivation (group A) or free access to oral fluids in the 6–8 h before blood collection (group B). At all distribution percentiles, copeptin levels were higher (p < 0.0001) in group A, as were plasma sodium levels and osmolality (p = 0.02 and p = 0.008, respectively). The influence of BMI on copeptin levels was investigated by dividing the cohort into nonobese (group C) and obese children and adolescents (group D). Copeptin levels were higher in group D (p = 0.04).Conclusion: The measurement of copeptin could represent a useful tool for the diagnostic pathway of dysnatremic conditions, but its interpretation should take into consideration the state of hydration. Furthermore, it could also be a promising marker for obesity and metabolic syndrome, although this hypothesis needs further studies to be confirmed.

What is Known:• Copeptin use as a diagnostic tool in AVP-related disorders, such as diabetes insipidus or syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone, is well established in adults• In pediatric age, few studies are available, but the preliminary data, including our previous study, seems to be promising.

What is New:• In this study, we represent the distribution of copeptin levels in a pediatric cohort and show the significant influence of fluid ingestion on its plasma levels.• Also BMI seems to be a significant variable on copeptin levels and may be used as an obesity marker in pediatric age
Rational surgical neck management in total laryngectomy for advanced stage laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas
Authors: Böttcher Arne , Betz Christian S. , Bartels Stefan , Schoennagel Bjoern , Münscher Adrian , Bußmann Lara , Busch Chia-Jung , Knopke Steffen , Bibiza Eric , Möckelmann Nikolaus 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Controversies exist in regard to surgical neck management in total laryngectomies (TL). International guidelines do not sufficiently discriminate neck sides and sublevels, or minimal neck-dissection nodal yield (NY).

Methods
Thirty-seven consecutive primary TL cases from 2009 to 2019 were retrospectively analyzed in terms of local tumor growth using a previously established imaging scheme, metastatic neck involvement, and NY impact on survival.

Results
There was no case of level IIB involvement on any side. For type A and B tumor midline involvement, no positive contralateral lymph nodes were found. Craniocaudal tumor extension correlated with contralateral neck involvement (OR: 1.098, p = 0.0493) and showed increased involvement when extending 33 mm (p = 0.0134). Using a bilateral NY of ≥ 24 for 5-year overall survival (OS) and ≥ 26 for 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) gave significantly increased rate advantages of 64 and 56%, respectively (both p < 0.0001).

Conclusions
This work sheds light on regional metastatic distribution pattern and its influence on TL cases. An NY of n ≥ 26 can be considered a desirable benchmark for bilateral selective neck dissections as it leads to improved OS and DFS. Therefore, an omission of distinct neck levels cannot be promoted at this time.
The Combinatorial Geometry of Stresses in Frameworks
Authors: Karpenkov Oleg 
Published: August 2020

AbstractConsider a realization of a graph in the space with straight segments representing edges. Let us assign a stress for every its edge. In case if at every vertex of the graph the stresses sum up to zero, we say that the realization is a tensegrity. Some realizations possess non-zero tensegrities while the others do not. In this paper we study necessary and sufficient existence conditions for tensegrities in the plane. For an arbitrary graph we write down these conditions in terms of projective “meet-join” operations.
Prevalence and predictors of fatigue after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Western Elin , Sorteberg Angelika , Brunborg Cathrine , Nordenmark Tonje Haug 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Fatigue is a common and disabling sequel after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). At present, prevalence estimates of post-aSAH fatigue in the chronic phase are scarce and vary greatly. Factors from the acute phase of aSAH have hitherto barely been associated with post-aSAH fatigue in the chronic phase.

Methods
Prospective study assessing prevalence of fatigue using the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) in patients who were living independently 1 to 7 years after aSAH. We compared demographic, medical, and radiological variables from the acute phase of aSAH between patients with and without fatigue (FSS ≥ 4 versus < 4) and searched for predictors of fatigue among these variables applying univariable and multivariable regression analyses.

Results
Of 726 patients treated for aSAH in the period between January 2012 and December 2017, 356 patients completed the assessment. The mean FSS score was 4.7 ± 1.7, and fatigue was present in 69.7%. The frequency of patients with fatigue did not decline significantly over time. Univariable analysis identified nicotine use, loss of consciousness at ictus (LOCi), rebleed prior to aneurysm repair, reduced consciousness to Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) < 14, large amounts of subarachnoid blood, the presence of acute hydrocephalus, and severe vasospasm as factors that were significantly associated with fatigue. In multivariable analysis, nicotine use, reduced GCS, and severe vasospasm were independent predictors that all more than doubled the risk to develop post-aSAH fatigue.

Conclusions
Fatigue is a frequent sequel persisting several years after aSAH. Nicotine use, reduced consciousness at admission, and severe vasospasm are independent predictors of fatigue from the acute phase of aSAH. We propose inflammatory cytokines causing dopamine imbalance to be a common denominator for post-aSAH fatigue and the presently identified predictors.
Highly variable rate of orthodontic tooth movement measured by a novel 3D method correlates with gingival inflammation
Authors: de Gouyon Matignon de Pontouraude Marc A. , Von den Hoff Johannes W. , Baan Frank , Bruggink Robin , Bloemen Marjon , Bronkhorst Ewald M. , Ongkosuwito Edwin M. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Objectives
Individual orthodontic treatment duration is hard to predict. Individual biological factors are amongst factors influencing individual rate of orthodontically induced tooth movement (OTM). The study aim is to determine the rate of OTM by a novel 3D method and investigate parameters that may predict the rate of tooth movement.

Materials and methods
In this prospective cohort study, rate of OTM was determined from 90 three-dimensional intra-oral scans in 15 patients (aged 12–15) undergoing orthodontic treatment. For each patient, intra-oral scans were taken every week for up to 6 weeks (T0–T5). The teeth were segmented from the scans and the scans were superimposed on the palatal rugae. The rate of OTM was calculated for each tooth. Other parameters were gingival inflammation, contact-point displacement and the biological markers, matrix metalloproteinases (MMP), MMP-9 and MMP-2 in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF).

Results
Our study showed a high variation in the rate of OTM, varying from 0.15 to 1.24 mm/week. Teeth in the anterior segment tended to move more compared with the posterior segment. The contact point displacement and gingival inflammation varied greatly amongst the patients. The MMPs measured did not correlate with tooth movement. However, the gingival inflammation index showed a significant correlation with OTM. Future studies should include other biological markers related to bone-remodeling.

Conclusion
This novel and efficient 3D method is suitable for measuring OTM and showed large individual variation in rate of OTM.

Clinical relevance
Patients show different rates of OTM. The rate of OTM in an individual patient can provide guidance in timing of follow-up appointments.
The Simpson grading: defining the optimal threshold for gross total resection in meningioma surgery
Authors: Brokinkel Benjamin , Spille Dorothee Cäcilia , Brokinkel Caroline , Hess Katharina , Paulus Werner , Bormann Eike , Stummer Walter 
Published: August 2020

AbstractClassification of the extent of resection into gross and subtotal resection (GTR and STR) after meningioma surgery is derived from the Simpson grading. Although utilized to indicate adjuvant treatment or study inclusion, conflicting definitions of STR in terms of designation of Simpson grade III resections exist. Correlations of Simpson grading and dichotomized scales (Simpson grades I–II vs ≥ III and grade I–III vs ≥ IV) with postoperative recurrence/progression were compared using Cox regression models. Predictive values were further compared by time-dependent receiver operating curve (tdROC) analyses. In 939 patients (28% males, 72% females) harboring WHO grade I (88%) and II/III (12%) meningiomas, Simpson grade I, II, III, IV, and V resections were achieved in 29%, 48%, 11%, 11%, and < .5%, respectively. Recurrence/progression was observed in 112 individuals (12%) and correlated with Simpson grading (p = .003). The risk of recurrence/progression was increased after STR in both dichotomized scales but higher when subsuming Simpson grade ≥ IV than grade ≥ III resections (HR: 2.49, 95%CI 1.50–4.12; p < .001 vs HR: 1.67, 95%CI 1.12–2.50; p = .012). tdROC analyses showed moderate predictive values for the Simpson grading and significantly (p < .05) lower values for both dichotomized scales. AUC values differed less between the Simpson grading and the dichotomization into grade I–III vs ≥ IV than grade I–II vs ≥ III resections. Dichotomization of the extent of resection is associated with a loss of the prognostic value. The value for the prediction of progression/recurrence is higher when dichotomizing into Simpson grade I–III vs ≥ IV than into grade I–II vs ≥ III resections.
Examining the Boundaries of Ethical Leadership: The Harmful Effect of Co-worker Social Undermining on Disengagement and Employee Attitudes
Authors: Mostafa Ahmed Mohammed Sayed , Farley Sam , Zaharie Monica 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn recent years, scholars have sought to investigate the impact that ethical leaders can have within organisations. Yet, only a few theoretical perspectives have been adopted to explain how ethical leaders influence subordinate outcomes. This study therefore draws on social rules theory (SRT) to extend our understanding of the mechanisms linking ethical leadership to employee attitudes. We argue that ethical leaders reduce disengagement, which in turn promotes higher levels of job satisfaction and organisational commitment, as well as lower turnover intentions. Co-worker social undermining is examined as a moderator of the relationship between ethical leadership and disengagement, as we suggest that it is difficult for ethical leaders to be effective when co-worker undermining prevails. To test the proposed model, questionnaires were administered to 460 nurses in Romanian hospital settings over three time points separated by two-week intervals and the hypotheses were tested using generalised multilevel structural equation modeling (GSEM) with STATA. The findings revealed that ethical leadership has a beneficial effect on employee attitudes by reducing disengagement. However, the relationship between ethical leadership and disengagement was moderated by co-worker social undermining, such that when undermining was higher, the significance of the mediated relationships disappeared. These results suggest that while ethical leaders can promote positive employee attitudes, their effectiveness is reduced in situations where co-worker undermining exists.