bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Complete Redshift Distribution of Dusty Star-forming Galaxies from the SPT-SZ Survey
Authors: Reuter C. , Vieira J. D. , Spilker J. S. , Weiss A. , Aravena M. , Archipley M. , Béthermin M. , Chapman S. C. , Breuck C. De , Dong C. , Everett W. B. , Fu J. , Greve T. R. , Hayward C. C. , Hill R. , Hezaveh Y. , Jarugula S. , Litke K. , Malkan M. , Marrone D. P. , Narayanan D. , Phadke K. A. , Stark A. A. , Strandet M. L. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The South Pole Telescope (SPT) has systematically identified 81 high-redshift, strongly gravitationally lensed, dusty star-forming galaxies (DSFGs) in a 2500 square degree cosmological millimeter-wave survey. We present the final spectroscopic redshift survey of this flux-limited (S
870 μm > 25 mJy) sample, initially selected at 1.4 mm. The redshift survey was conducted with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array across the 3 mm spectral window, targeting carbon monoxide line emission. By combining these measurements with ancillary data, the SPT sample is now spectroscopically complete, with redshifts spanning 1.9 < z < 6.9 and a median of

. We present the millimeter through far-infrared photometry and spectral energy density fits for all sources, along with their inferred intrinsic properties. Comparing the properties of the SPT sources to the unlensed DSFG population, we demonstrate that the SPT-selected DSFGs represent the most extreme infrared-luminous galaxies, even after accounting for strong gravitational lensing. The SPT sources have a median star formation rate of

and a median dust mass of

. However, the inferred gas depletion timescales of the SPT sources are comparable to those of unlensed DSFGs, once redshift is taken into account. This SPT sample contains roughly half of the known spectroscopically confirmed DSFGs at z > 5, making this the largest sample of high-redshift DSFGs to date, and enabling the “high-redshift tail” of extremely luminous DSFGs to be measured. Though galaxy formation models struggle to account for the SPT redshift distribution, the larger sample statistics from this complete and well-defined survey will help inform future theoretical efforts.
Characteristic Mass in Galaxy Quenching: Environmental versus Internal Effects
Authors: Li Pengfei , Wang Huiyuan , Mo H. J. , Wang Enci , Hong Hui 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
A clear transition feature of galaxy quenching is identified in the multi-parameter space of stellar mass (M
*), bulge-to-total mass ratio (B/T
m), halo mass (M
h) and halo-centric distance (r/r
180). For a given halo mass, the characteristic stellar mass (

) for the transition is about one-fifth of that of the corresponding central galaxy, and almost independent of B/T
m. Once B/T
m is fixed, the quenched fraction of galaxies with

increases with M
h, but decreases with M
* in the inner part of halos (r/r
180 < 0.5). In the outer part (r/r
180 > 0.5), the trend with M
h remains but the correlation with M
* is absent or becomes positive. For galaxies above

and with B/T
m fixed, the quenched fraction increases with

, but depends only weakly on M
h in both the inner and outer regions. At fixed B/T
m and M
*, the quenched fraction increases with decreasing r/r
180 for galaxies with

, and depends only weakly on r/r
180 for galaxies with

. Our finding provides a physically motivated way to classify galaxies in halos into two classes based on their quenching properties: an “upper class” with

and a “lower class” with

. Environmental quenching is important for “lower class” galaxies, while internal quenching plays the dominating role for the “upper class.”
حماية المدنيين أثناء النزاعات المسلحة الدولية في القانون الدولي الإنساني والشرائع السماوية "دراسة مقارنة"
Authors: Alwheebe Etesam Alabd Saleeh 
Published: October 2020

تهدف الدراسة إلى بيّان حماية المدنيين أثناء النزاعات المسلحة الدولية في كلاً من القانون الدولي الإنساني والشرائع السماوية، والتأكيد على أن فكرة القانون الإنساني وجدت في الشرائع السماوية، وعلى الخصوص الشريعة الإسلامية، وأكدت أيضاً على مدى تأثر قواعد القانون الدولي الإنساني بالمبادئ الأساسية والقواعد العامة والإنسانية والأخلاقية والأدبية في الشريعة الإسلامية، والتقاء القانون الدولي الإنساني مع الشريعة الإسلامية في حماية المدنيين. وبيّنت الدراسة كذلك أن الشريعة الإسلامية أكدت وبوضوح لا لبس فيه، وجوب حصر أعمال القتال كلها في ميدان المعركة ضد المقاتلين الأعداء وحدهم وحظر استهداف المدنيين وغير المقاتلين عمداً أثناء سير العمليات القتالية. فطبقت بذلك الشريعة الإسلامية قواعد القانون الدولي الإنساني منذ قرون عديدة فخاطبت المجتمع المسلم بكل فئاته، وأوجبت عليهم العقاب الدنيوي والآخروي قبل أن يخاطبه القانون الدولي بأكثر من أربعة عشر قرناً من الزمان. فنهت عن مقاتلة من لا يُقاتل، وكذلك عدم مقاتلة من ألقى السلاح، وقتل الرهبان ورجال الدين وهدم الصوامع والبيع ومنعت التخريب بكل صوره.
تطور الصحافة الإخبارية اليمنية من الوسائط القديمة إلى الوسائط الجديدة
Authors: Boudjema Redouane , Nasser Mohammed Gamal Awed 
Published: October 2020

تسعى هذه الدراسة الى فهم تطور العمل الإعلامي في اليمن وعلاقته بالتحولات السياسية والاقتصادية والأمنية التي يعيشها، وكذلك التعرف على علاقة المتصفح اليمني بالأزمات السياسية وتطوراتها من 2003 إلى 2017، وهي الفترة التي كانت بداية التحول نحو الصحافة الرقمية وانتشارها بمختلف توجهاتها، للكشف عن طبيعة العلاقة بين المواقع الإخبارية الإلكترونية اليمنية، والمؤسسات الرسمية وغير الرسمية والحزبية، كما تحاول هذه الورقة البحث في التحولات التي تعرفها صناعة الصحافة في اليمن بالتزامن مع التوسع في استخدام الانترنت وانتشار المواقع الإخبارية على شبكة الانترنت وتناقص عدد قراء الصحف المطبوعة وانخفاض تكلفة الاتصال بشبكة الانترنت، فضلا عن أزمة النموذج الاقتصادي لصناعة الصحافة المكتوبة الذي يعرف أزمة مالية و اقتصادية في الطبع و التوزيع و المبيعات.
Penerapan Teknologi Tepat Guna dalam Pengendalian Organisme Pengganggu Tanaman dan Penanganan Pasca Panen Padi di Desa Tebas Sungai
Authors: Perdana Daud , Hamdi  , Apriani Winda 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRAK

Kabupaten Sambas merupakan salah satu sentra utama produksi padi di Kalimantan Barat. Kabupaten ini berada di wilayah perbatasan antara Indonesia dan Malaysia. Desa Tebas Sungai merupakan satu diantara sentra padi yang pernah gagal panen diakibatkan serangan tikus pertanian pada bulan Juli 2016. Mitra kegiatan Penerapan Penerapan Teknologi Tepat Guna kepada Masyarakat ini adalah Kelompok Tani Candra Mekar dan Sari Melati Kencana yang berada di Desa Tebas Sungai Kecamatan Tebas Kabupaten Sambas. Kelompok ini relatif tertinggal dibanding kelompok tani lainnya di kecamatan disebabkan kurangnya bantuan di bidang pertanian. Persoalan yang dihadapi mitra secara umum adalah serangan hama tikus, serangan hama wereng coklat, penggerek batang, lembing batu, tungro, blas, dan hawar, kurang jumlah dan efektifnya penggunaan mesin perontok padi, ketersediaan pupuk subsidi yang sangat terbatas, dan irigasi belum bisa dilakukan dengan baik akibat terbatasnya pompa. Solusi yang disepakati dari permasalahan prioritas mitra adalah pengendalian tikus pertanian, pengendalian hama serangga menggunakan perangkap serangga (light trap), serta pembuatan dan pengelolaan mesin perontok padi untuk penanganan pasca panen.
Target luaran kegiatan ini antara lain: 1) Program pengendalian tikus pertanian menghasilkan luaran alat perangkap tikus pertanian berjumlah 10 set, terselesaikan 10 set; 2) Program pengendalian hama serangga menggunakan perangkap serangga menghasilkan luaran 10 set, sudah tercapai 10 set; dan 3) Program pembuatan dan pengelolaan mesin perontok padi menghasilkan luaran mesin perontok padi sebanyak 2 unit, terealisasi 2 unit; 4) Publikasi pada jurnal ber-ISSN DIPAMAS; dan 5) Publikasi kegiatan pada media massa (online 1 kali terealisasi 4 kali, CSMTV 1 kali sudah terealisasi dan telah diupload pula di youtube.com, dan surat kabar/media massa realisasi 2 kali versi cetak).
Kegiatan PPTTG ini melalui tahapan-tahapan: 1) Program pengendalian tikus pertanian; 2) Program pengendalian hama serangga; dan 3) Program pembuatan dan pengelolaan mesin perontok padi.
Secara ekonomi, adanya penerapan teknologi melalui PPTTG akan mencegah kerugian dalam usahatani padi (akibat serangan tikus sawah), mengefektifkan pencegahan serangan hama (melalui perangkap hama/light trap), dan mengefisienkan biaya pasca panen padi (dengan alat perontok padi). Secara keseluruhan dampak ekonominya dapat menyebabkan peningkatan pendapatan petani padi sawah sehingga diharapkan mampu mensejahterakan ekonomi masyarakat tani. Secara sosial, dampak yang didapat dari penerapan teknologi adalah adanya ketenteraman di masyarakat karena adanya alat yang mencegah terjadinya kerugian dalam pengusahaan budidaya tanaman padi, serangan hama maupun penyakit yang dibawa oleh hama, dan tidak lagi terjadi rebutan antrian terhadap mesin perontok padi karena telah ada alat yang diberikan kepada kelompok.

Kata kunci: hama, padi, perangkap serangga
Strategi Pengembangan Ekonomi Desa Menuju Desa Mandiri
Authors: Asbeni Asbeni 
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan potensi ekonomi yang dapat mendukung pengembangan ekonomi di desa Sekura, dan mengkaji faktor-faktor yang menjadi kekuatan, kelemahan, peluang dan ancamannya terhadap pengembangan potensi desa, serta mengkaji bagaimana langkah pemerintah desa dan masyarakat dapat menentukan strategi pengembangan ekonomi menuju desa mandiri, yaitu desa yang dapat memenuhi kebutuhannya sendiri dan tidak tergantung dengan bantuan dari pemerintah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis data kualitatif. Jenis data yang digunakan adalah data primer dan sekunder. Melalui kegiatan FGD Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan analisis SWOT dan QSPM. Dari identifikasi, terdapat faktor-faktor internal yang menyebabkan Desa Sekura dapat mendorong pengembangan potensi ekonomi desa antara lain: Pertama, adanya keinginan untuk berkembang dari masyarakat itu sendiri. Kedua, Masyarakat memiliki kapasitas atau kemampuan untuk berwirausaha. Ketiga, kepala desa yang mampu mengorganisir masyarakat. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa potensi ekonomi di Desa Sekura meliputi: sektor perdagangan, kewirausahaan dan industri, sedangkan, faktor pendukung utama adalah keadaan sarana dan prasarana ekonomi masyarakat desa yang sudah memadai. Adapun strategi pengembangan berdasarkan SWOT adalah : a) Pendirian BUMDes dengan memanfaatkan SDM dan SDA yang dimiliki; b) Peningkatan kapasitas masyarakat dalam mengelola potensi yang dimiliki; c) meningkatkan kualitas masyarakat melalaui pelatihan tentang kewirausahaan; d) Peningkatan pemahaman masyarakat tentang potensi wirausaha. Tingkat kepentingan dari berbagai macam strategi yang didapatkan dari hasil SWOT, adalah sebagai berikut : 1)Pendirian BUMDes dengan memanfaatkan SDM dan SDA yang dimiliki; 2)Meningkatkan kualitas masyarakat melalaui pelatihan tentang kewirausahaan; 3)Peningkatan kapasitas masyarakat dalam mengelola potensi yang dimiliki; dan 4) Peningkatan pemahaman masyarakat tentang potensi wirausaha.
Conservación de fragmentos de barro con la técnica del Strappo en el Conjunto Arqueológico de Choquequirao – Sector Pinchaunuyoc, Cusco - Perú
Authors: Yepez Peña Miguel Angel 
Published: October 2020

Los revestimientos de barro en recintos prehispánicos construidos con elementos líticos, son atípicos de evidenciar, y por sus diversas características presentan una problemática en su conservación e intervención, desde el procedimiento a ejecutar como la elección de la técnica adecuada para realizar el mismo. La ejecución de los trabajos de Restauración y Conservación realizados a los fragmentos de barro ubicados en el Recinto Nº 01 del Conjunto Arqueológico de Choquequirao – Sector Pinchaunuyoc, nos permite evaluar las técnicas de Consolidación, Strappo y Montaje realizados para recuperar revoques de barro original, los cuales evidencian la técnica constructiva utilizada en este recinto del conjunto arqueológico, y la importancia de su intervención por el contenido histórico y valor patrimonial que representa. Se trata de establecer los procesos de conservación realizados para salvaguardar el patrimonio cultural del sector Pinchaunuyoc, donde se utilizó este sistema de intervención que permitió la separación de tres fragmentos de revestimiento de barro en una sola pieza, posibilitando la ejecución de los trabajos de restauración y recomposición estructural de los muros del recinto N° 01 para posteriormente realizar los trabajos de consolidación y strappo de fragmentos de barro y el montaje en su ubicación original.
Subtype of breast cancer influences sentinel lymph node positivity
Authors: Kędzierawski Piotr , Bocian Artur , Radowicz-Chil Agnieszka , Huruk-Kuchinka Anna , Mężyk Ryszard 
Published: October 2020

IntroductionThe purpose of the study was to determine the correlation between biological subtype of breast cancer and the risk of its metastasis to a sentinel lymph node.Material and methodsIn the analysed group there were 1018 women with breast cancer, clinically node negative, untreated previously. Luminal A subtype was recognised in 57% of patients. A positive sentinel lymph node was detected in 26.5% of women.ResultsIn the multivariate analysis only age and tumour size proved to be significant for the entire group, respectively: OR = 0.59, p = 0.0004; OR = 1.96; p < 0.0001. For Luminal A subtype values were OR = 0.51, p = 0.0007; OR = 1.78, p = 0.0045, respectively. For Luminal B patients, in women over 61 years, the risk of sentinel node metastasis probability decreases by 67% and for tumours over 21 mm the probability of positive sentinel node metastasis increases by 117%.ConclusionsAccording to our analysis luminal breast cancers are most numerous subtypes, and in these cases we expect more frequent instances of metastasis to a sentinel node. Following the most updated and modern procedures of breast cancer patients’ treatment a procedure of sentinel lymph node biopsy is used, replacing an aggressive treatment in the axilla region. In regards to our analysis we should be more vigilant in estimation of regional lymph nodes in luminal patients under sixty with high grade tumours and the tumour diameter more than 20 mm.
The influence of erythropoietin on apoptosis and fibrosis in the early phase of chronic pancreatitis in rats
Authors: Kazmierak Weronika , Korolczuk Agnieszka , Kurzepa Jacek , Czechowska Grażyna , Boguszewska-Czubara Anna , Madro Agnieszka 
Published: October 2020

IntroductionChronic pancreatitis (CP) is a continuing, inflammatory process of the pancreas, characterised by irreversible morphological changes. The identification of pancreatic stellate cells resulted in the development of research on the pathogenesis of CP. Erythropoietin (Epo) regulates the interaction between apoptosis and inflammation of the brain, kidney, and heart muscle. Erythropoietin receptors were also found in the pancreas, in particular on the islet cells. Our objective was to evaluate the influence of Epo on fibrosis and apoptosis in experimental CP.Material and methodsThe experiments were performed on 48 male Wistar rats (250–350 g). The animals were divided into six equal groups (I – control, II – chronic cerulein – induced pancreatitis, III – 1 ml of Epo sc, IV – 0.5 ml of Epo sc, V – CP treated with 1 ml Epo, VI – CP treated with 0.5 ml Epo). The blood for gelatinases and pancreata for the morphological examinations and immunohistochemistry were collected.ResultsA slight reduction of interstitial oedema and less severe fibrosis were noticed in the groups treated with Epo. Reduced expression of caspase-3 and -actin, and a lack of Bcl-2 expression were observed in areas with inflammation. There was no expression of caspase-9 observed in all groups. There were no statistically significant differences between the groups in the activity of gelatinases.ConclusionsErythropoietin seems to have the effect of reducing fibrosis and apoptosis in an experimental model of CP.
Life, Death, and Other Inconvenient Truths
Authors: Edelman Shimon 
Published: October 2020

A guide for making sense of life—from action (good except when it's not) to thinking (depressing) to youth (a treasure).
This book offers a guide to human nature and human experience—a reference book for making sense of life. In thirty-eight short, interconnected essays, Shimon Edelman considers the parameters of the human condition, addressing them in alphabetical order, from action (good except when it's not) to love (only makes sense to the lovers) to thinking (should not be so depressing) to youth (a treasure). In a style that is by turns personal and philosophical, at once informative and entertaining, Edelman offers a series of illuminating takes on the most important aspects of living in the world.
Edelman avoids reductive synthesis, staying clear of both exuberance and negativity. Drawing on an eclectic range of sources—quoting from a pre-Islamic Bedouin poem on one page, from Gogol on the next, citing both Borges and Marx—Edelman offers insights into the bright and dark sides of our nature. About anxiety, he observes, “All sentient beings are capable of physiological stress response, but it takes special skills to also do anxiety.” Happiness is “a commodity that Americans pursue with almost as much verve as oil.” Human language, on the other hand, is “an essential window into the sublime.” All in all, human nature has room for improvement. Edelman helps us work out ways for improving it.
Who Are You?
Authors: Custodio Alex 
Published: October 2020

The Game Boy Advance platform as computational system and cultural artifact, from its 2001 release through hacks, mods, emulations, homebrew afterlives.
In 2002, Nintendo of America launched an international marketing campaign for the Game Boy Advance that revolved around the slogan “Who Are You?”—asking potential buyers which Nintendo character, game, or even device they identified with and attempting to sell a new product by exploiting players' nostalgic connections to earlier ones. Today, nearly two decades after its release, and despite the development of newer and more powerful systems, Nintendo's Game Boy Advance lives on, through a community that continues to hack, modify, emulate, make, break, remake, redesign, trade, use, love, and play with the platform. In this book Alex Custodio traces the network of hardware and software afterlives of the Game Boy Advance platform.
Each chapter considers a component of this network—hardware, software, peripheral, or practice—that illuminates the platform's unique features as a computational system and a cultural artifact. Examining the evolution of the design and architecture of Nintendo's handhelds and home consoles, and the constraints imposed on developers and players, for example, Custodio finds that Nintendo essentially embeds nostalgia into its hardware. She explores Nintendo's expansion of the platform through interoperability; physical and affective engagement with the Game Boy Advance; portability, private space, and social interaction; the platformization of nostalgia; fan-generated content including homebrew, hacking, and hardware modding; and e-waste—the final afterlife of consumer electronics. Although the Game Boy Advance is neither the most powerful nor the most popular of Nintendo's handhelds, Custodio argues, it is the platform that most fundamentally embodies Nintendo's reliance on the aesthetics and materiality of nostalgia.
Bartter Syndrome in Children; A Cause of Severe Hypokalemic Metabolic Alkalosis: Clinical Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Radi A. , Akhrif M. , Kmari M. , Ourrai A. , Hassani A. , Abilkassem R. , Agadr A. 
Published: October 2020

Bartter syndrome is an inherited renal tubular disorder caused by a defective salt reabsorption in the thick ascending limb of loop of Henle. It characterized by urinary loss of sodium, potassium, and chloride; hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis; normal blood pressure, high plasma levels of renin and aldosterone. There is phenotypical and genetic variability of Bartter syndrome since were identified five genes responsible for five different forms of Bartter syndrome. The objective of this work is to report a clinical case to study the pathophysiological, clinical, biological and therapeutic features of this syndrome.
Materials and Methods: We reported a case of 04-month-old male infant admitted for acute dehydration secondary to polyuro-polydipsia syndrome and vomiting. In clinical presentation the patient had a dysmorphic syndrome with triangular face, protruding ears and flattened nasal root. Laboratory tests revealed hypokalemia, hyponatremia, metabolic alkalosis and hypercalciuria. Treatment with indomethacin was started at 1 mg/kg per day with favorable outcome.
Recent Advances in Antiinflammatory Material Design
Authors: Lebaudy Eloïse , Fournel Sylvie , Lavalle Philippe , Vrana Nihal Engin , Gribova Varvara 
Published: October 2020

AbstractImplants and prostheses are widely used to replace damaged tissues or to treat various diseases. However, besides the risk of bacterial or fungal infection, an inflammatory response usually occurs. Here, recent progress in the field of anti‐inflammatory biomaterials is described. Different materials and approaches are used to decrease the inflammatory response, including hydrogels, nanoparticles, implant surface coating by polymers, and a variety of systems for anti‐inflammatory drug delivery. Complex multifunctional systems dealing with inflammation, microbial infection, bone regeneration, or angiogenesis are also described. New promising stimuli‐responsive systems, such as pH‐ and temperature‐responsive materials, are also being developed that would enable an “intelligent” antiinflammatory response when the inflammation occurs. Together, different approaches hold promise for creation of novel multifunctional smart materials allowing better implant integration and tissue regeneration.
Heterogeneous Electronic and Photonic Devices Based on Monolayer Ternary Telluride Core/Shell Structures
Authors: Xu Kai , Sharma Ankit , Kang Junzhe , Hu Xiaoqiao , Hao Zheng , Zhu Wenjuan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractDevice engineering based on the tunable electronic properties of ternary transition metal dichalcogenides has recently gained widespread research interest. In this work, monolayer ternary telluride core/shell structures are synthesized using a one‐step chemical vapor deposition process with rapid cooling. The core region is the tellurium‐rich WSe2−2xTe2x alloy, while the shell is the tellurium‐poor WSe2−2yTe2y alloy. The bandgap of the material is ≈1.45 eV in the core region and ≈1.57 eV in the shell region. The lateral gradient of the bandgap across the monolayer heterostructure allows for the fabrication of heterogeneous transistors and photodetectors. The difference in work function between the core and shell regions leads to a built‐in electric field at the heterojunction. As a result, heterogeneous transistors demonstrate a unidirectional conduction and strong photovoltaic effect. The bandgap gradient and high mobility of the ternary telluride core/shell structures provide a unique material platform for novel electronic and photonic devices.
A Cobalt@Cucurbit[5]uril Complex as a Highly Efficient Supramolecular Catalyst for Electrochemical and Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting
Authors: Li Fusheng , Yang Hao , Zhuo Qiming , Zhou Dinghua , Wu Xiujuan , Zhang PeiLi , Yao Zhaoyang , Sun Licheng 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA host–guest complex self‐assembled through Co2+ and cucurbit[5]uril (Co@CB[5]) is used as a supramolecular catalyst on the surface of metal oxides including porous indium tin oxide (ITO) and porous BiVO4 for efficient electrochemical and photoelectrochemical water oxidation. When immobilized on ITO, Co@CB[5] exhibited a turnover frequency (TOF) of 9.9 s−1 at overpotential η=550 mV in a pH 9.2 borate buffer. Meanwhile, when Co@CB[5] complex was immobilized onto the surface of BiVO4 semiconductor, the assembled Co@CB[5]/BiVO4 photoanode exhibited a low onset potential of 0.15 V (vs. RHE) and a high photocurrent of 4.8 mA cm−2 at 1.23 V (vs. RHE) under 100 mW cm−2 (AM 1.5) light illumination. Kinetic studies confirmed that Co@CB[5] acts as a supramolecular water oxidation catalyst, and can effectively accelerate interfacial charge transfer between BiVO4 and electrolyte. Surface charge recombination of BiVO4 can be also significantly suppressed by Co@CB[5].