bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radiosensitivity enhancement by Co‐NMS‐mediated mitochondrial impairment in glioblastoma
Authors: Liu Yang , Zhang Taofeng , Li Guo , Li Sirui , Li Jili , Zhao Quanyi , Wu Qingfen , Xu Dan , Hu Xiaoli , Zhang Luwei , Li Qiang , Zhang Hong , Liu Bin 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWe investigated the radiosensitizing effects of Co‐NMS, a derivative of nimesulide based on a cobalt carbonyl complex, on malignant glioma cells. In the zebrafish exposed to Co‐NMS ranging from 5 to 20 μM, cell death and heat shock protein 70 expression in the brain and neurobehavioral performance were evaluated. Our data showed that Co‐NMS at 5 μM did not cause the appreciable neurotoxicity, and thereby was given as a novel radiation sensitizer in further study. In the U251 cells, Co‐NMS combined with irradiation treatment resulted in significant inhibition of cell growth and clonogenic capability as well as remarkable increases of G2/M arrest and apoptotic cell population compared to the irradiation alone treatment. This demonstrated that the Co‐NMS administration exerted a strong potential of sensitizing effect on the irradiated cells. With regard to the tumor radiosensitization of Co‐NMS, it could be primarily attributed to the Co‐NMS‐derived mitochondrial impairment, reflected by the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, the disruption of mitochondrial fusion and fission balance as well as redox homeostasis. Furthermore, the energy metabolism of the U251 cells was obviously suppressed by cotreatment with Co‐NMS and irradiation through repressing mitochondrial function. Taken together, our findings suggested that Co‐NMS could be a desirable drug to enhance the radiotherapeutic effects in glioblastoma patients.
Temporal modulation of calcium sensing in hematopoietic stem cells is crucial for proper stem cell expansion and engraftment
Authors: Uslu Merve , Albayrak Esra , Kocabaş Fatih 
Published: May 2020

AbstractHematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are known to reside in a bone marrow (BM) niche, which is associated with relatively higher calcium content. HSCs sense and respond to calcium changes. However, how calcium‐sensing components modulate HSC function and expansion is largely unknown. We investigated temporal modulation of calcium sensing and Ca2+ homeostasis during ex vivo HSC culture and in vivo. Murine BM‐HSCs, human BM, and umbilical cord blood (UCB) mononuclear cells (MNCs) were treated with store‐operated calcium entry (SOCE) inhibitors SKF 96365 hydrochloride (abbreviated as SKF) and 2‐aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (2‐APB). Besides, K+ channel inhibitor TEA chloride (abbreviated as TEA) was used to compare the relationship between calcium‐activated potassium channel activities. Seven days of SKF treatment induced mouse and human ex vivo BM‐HSC expansion as well as UCB‐derived primitive HSC expansion. SKF treatment induced the surface expression of CaSR, CXCR4, and adhesion molecules on human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. HSCs expanded with SKF successfully differentiated into blood lineages in recipient animals and demonstrated a higher repopulation capability. Furthermore, modulation of SOCE in the BM‐induced HSC content and differentially altered niche‐related gene expression profile in vivo. Intriguingly, treatments with SOCE inhibitors SKF and 2‐APB boosted the mouse BM mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) and human adipose‐derived MSCs proliferation, whereas they did not affect the endothelial cell proliferation. These findings suggest that temporal modulation of calcium sensing is crucial in expansion and maintenance of murine HSCs, human HSCs, and mouse BM‐MSCs function.
Are increased left ventricular strains compensatory effects in lipedema? Detailed analysis from the three‐dimensional speckle‐tracking echocardiographic MAGYAR‐Path Study
Authors: Nemes Attila , Kormányos Árpád , Domsik Péter , Kalapos Anita , Gyenes Nándor , Kemény Lajos , Szolnoky Győző 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPurposeLipedema is a chronic, common but underdiagnosed disease masquerading obesity, with female predominance, characterized by disproportional abnormal adipose tissue distribution of the lower and also upper extremities. The present study was designed to determine whether lipedema is associated with three‐dimensional (3D) speckle‐tracking echocardiography (3DSTE)‐derived left ventricular (LV) deformation abnormalities, and to assess the effects of 1‐hour use of medical compression stockings (MCS).MethodsThe present study comprised 19 female patients with lipedema (mean age: 42.2 ± 12.4 years), compared to 28 age‐matched healthy female controls (mean age: 42.0 ± 9.8 years).ResultsLipedema patients showed larger left atrial and LV dimensions and greater LV ejection fraction than controls, without significant difference in other echocardiography variables. Lipedema patients had greater 3DSTE‐derived global and mean segmental LV circumferential and area strains than controls. Following 1‐hour use of wearing MCS, neither global and nor mean segmental LV strains showed significant impairment or improvement.ConclusionsIncreased LV strains could be compensatory effects maintaining LV pumping function in lipedema. Short‐term wearing of MCS has no global effect on LV strains.
Characterization of Cobalt Oxide and Calcium‐Aluminum Oxide nano‐catalyst through Scanning Electron Microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, and Energy Dispersive X‐ray Spectroscopy
Authors: Gul Iram , Khan Shujaul Mulk , Mehmood Tariq , Ahmad Zeeshan , Badshah Hussain , Shah Hussain 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe Cobalt Oxide and Calcium‐Aluminum Oxide nano‐catalysts were analyzed using Scanning Electronic Microscopy (SEM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX) techniques. Preliminary results showed that the particles of Cobalt Oxide exhibit sponge like morphology and homogenous distribution as per confirmation via SEM. Its average particle size ranges to 30.6 nm demonstrating enormous number of pores and aggregative in nature. Its various peaks were ranging from 19.2 to 65.4 after XRD analysis. The highest intensity was observed at 36.9 position. The energy dispersive spectroscopy techniques were used to calculate the elements present in sample according to their weight and atomic percentage. The cobalt oxide contain cobalt as the most abundant element with 46.85 wt% and 18.01 atomic percent. It contain oxygen with 30.51 wt% and 43.19 atomic percent. Whereas, SEM of calcium aluminum oxide showed random morphology. According to the calculation of Scherrer equation regarding XRD analysis, it was distributed homogenously with particle size ranges from 30 to 40 nm. Its porous morphology was due to the interconnecting gaps between different particles. It result the eight peaks ranging from 18.1 to 62.7 in XRD spectrum. The highest intensity observed at 35.1 with average crystallite particle size of 25.6 nm. The calcium aluminum oxide contain aluminum 7.45 wt% and 6.93 atomic percent. The calcium was the most abundant element with54.7 wt% and 34.24 atomic percent followed by oxygen with 37.26 wt% and 58.42 atomic percent. It was concluded that the SEM, XRD, and EDX are the most significant techniques to characterize nano‐catalysts in particular and other compounds generally.
Surveillance strategy of Barrett's esophagus in the Asian region with particular reference to its locoregional epidemiology
Authors: Di Jia , Sharma Neel , Pérez Lady K M , Zhang Jun , Ho Khek‐Yu 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBarrett's esophagus (BE) is a premalignant condition associated with the development of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). Over the past decade, BE and its associated neoplasia has increased in prevalence globally. Current surveillance guidelines aimed to detect and treat BE‐associated dysplasia early in the hope of improving the morbidity and mortality of the condition. However, due to the lack of long‐term data and the proven benefit that surveillance actually improves mortality from EAC, the guidelines of the United States and Europe are slightly different. This review will focus on discussing the surveillance strategy for BE appropriate for the Asian region, taking into account the unique epidemiologic features of this disease in the Asian region.
Preparation of some novel thiazolidinones, imidazolinones, and azetidinone bearing pyridine and pyrimidine moieties with antimicrobial activity
Authors: Bakr Rania B. , Elkanzi Nadia A. A. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBy aiming to design new antimicrobial agents, we prepared new series of thiazolidin‐4‐ones(12a–d), imidazolin‐4‐ones(13a–d), and azetidin‐2‐ones (14a–d), having pyridine and pyrimidine moieties. Chemical structures of these derivatives were elucidated by the use of spectral and elemental analyses. All the new substituted pyridopyrimidines were subjected to in vitro antimicrobial testing by estimating the zone of inhibition toward Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus, as examples of bacterial species, in addition to Aspergillus flavus and Candida albicans, as examples of fungal species. The results of antimicrobial testing detected that all the screened derivatives displayed antibacterial effect; especially azetidin‐2‐one derivative, (14c), was the most active one. Regarding the antifungal potential, only thiazolidinone derivatives, 12a and 12c, and the imidazolinone, 13c, displayed inhibitory activity toward Aspergillus flavus, while all the tested compounds, 12a–d, 13a–d, and 14a–d, except 14a, produced inhibitory potential toward Candida albicans. Docking studies of the most active antimicrobial agents, 12c, 13c, and 14c, within GLN‐6‐P, recorded good scores with several binding interactions with the active site.
Mutations in GET4 disrupt the transmembrane domain recognition complex pathway
Authors: Tambe Mitali A. , Ng Bobby G. , Shimada Shino , Wolfe Lynne A. , Adams David R. ,   Undiagnosed Diseases Network, Gahl William A. , Bamshad Michael J. , Nickerson Deborah A. , Malicdan May C. V. , Freeze Hudson H. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe transmembrane domain recognition complex (TRC) targets cytoplasmic C‐terminal tail‐anchored (TA) proteins to their respective membranes in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), Golgi, and mitochondria. It is composed of three proteins, GET4, BAG6, and GET5. We identified an individual with compound heterozygous missense variants (p.Arg122His, p.Ile279Met) in GET4 that reduced all three TRC proteins by 70% to 90% in his fibroblasts, suggesting a possible defect in TA protein targeting. He presented with global developmental delay, intellectual disabilities, seizures, facial dysmorphism, and delayed bone age. We found the TA protein, syntaxin 5, is poorly targeted to Golgi membranes compared to normal controls. Since GET4 regulates ER to Golgi transport, we hypothesized that such transport would be disrupted in his fibroblasts, and discovered that retrograde (but not anterograde) transport was significantly reduced. Despite reduction in the three TRC proteins, their mRNA levels were unchanged, suggesting increased degradation in patient fibroblasts. Treating fibroblasts with the FDA‐approved proteasome inhibitor, bortezomib (10 nM), restored syntaxin 5 localization and nearly normalized the levels of all three TRC proteins. Our study identifies the first individual with GET4 mutations.
Stereotypical behavioural cues — but not their order — influence credibility judgements
Authors: Bogaard Glynis , Meijer Ewout H. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractTo what extent stereotypical deceptive behaviours such as gaze aversion and fidgeting actually influence people's credibility judgements remain largely unknown. In this study, we directly manipulated the presence/absence of such behaviours to investigate this. Participants were shown four truthful videos in which we manipulated the presence of stereotypical cues and asked them to judge how credible the person in each video is. Moreover, research consistently shows that decision making is influenced by various cognitive biases. One example is the primacy effect, which implies that people form an opinion early in the decision process. Information acquired early will have the largest influence on how subsequent information will be interpreted. To investigate a possible primacy effect, we also manipulated whether these cues were present towards the beginning or the end of the video (i.e. the timing of the manipulation). In line with our expectations, the presence of stereotypical cues significantly lowered the observed credibility, showing that the presence of these cues indeed influences credibility judgements. The timing of the cues had no effect.
The impact of laryngopharyngeal reflux disease on 95 hospitalized patients with COVID‐19 in Wuhan, China: A retrospective study
Authors: Jiang Guiyuan , Cai Yanping , Yi Xue , Li Yanping , Lin Yong , Li Qing , Xu Jingqing , Ke Mingyao , Xue Keying 
Published: May 2020

AbstractStudies have demonstrated that comorbidities, especially cardiovascular and endocrine diseases, correlated with poorer clinical outcomes. However, the impact of digestive system diseases has not been issued. The aim of this study is to determine the impact of laryngopharyngeal reflux disease (LPRD) on hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). We extracted clinical data regarding 95 patients in Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Wuhan, China, between 26 January and 21 February 2020. The Reflux Symptom Index (RSI) was used to assess the presence and severity of LPRD. An RSI  greater than  13 is considered to be abnormal. A total of 95 patients with COVID‐19 were enrolled, with 61.1% (58/95), 32.6% (31/95), and 6.3% (6/95) being moderately ill, severely ill, and critically ill, respectively. In this study, 38.9% (37/95) of the patient had an RSI score over 13, which was indicative of LPRD. In univariable analysis, the age and RSI scores of severely or critically ill patients were statistically significantly higher than patients with moderate disease (P  =  .026 and P = .005, respectively). After controlling for age difference in a multivariable model, the RSI greater than 13, compared to RSI equal to  0, was associated with significantly higher risk of severe infection (P < .001; odds ratio [OR] = 11.411; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.95‐42.09) and critical infection (P = .028; OR= 19.61; 95% CI, 1.38‐277.99). Among hospitalized patients with COVID‐19, RSI scores greater than 13, indicative of LPRD, correlated with poorer clinical outcomes. The prevalence of LPRD may be higher than the general population, which indicated that COVID‐19 can impair the upper esophageal sphincter and aggravate reflux.
miRNA‐21 deficiency impairs alveolar socket healing in mice
Authors: Strauss Franz Josef , Stähli Alexandra , Kobatake Reiko , Tangl Stefan , Heimel Patrick , Apaza Alccayhuaman Karol Alí , Schosserer Markus , Hackl Matthias , Grillari Johannes , Gruber Reinhard 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs demonstrated as critical post‐transcriptional modulators in dental tissues and bone regeneration, particularly miR‐21‐5p. However, the role of miR‐21‐5p in the healing of alveolar sockets following tooth extraction remains unknown. In this study we evaluated the influence of miR‐21‐5p in the healing of alveolar socket after tooth extraction.MethodsEight miR‐21‐5p knockout mice and eight littermate controls underwent tooth extraction of the upper right incisor. After a healing period of 14 days microCT and histological analyses were performed.ResultsMicroCT analysis showed that the percentage of bone in the extraction socket was significantly higher in the control group than in the miR‐21 knockout mice; either in the coronal (39.0%, CI 31.8 to 48.0 versus 23.0%, CI 17.8 to 35.2, P = 0.03) or in the middle part of the alveolar socket (56.0%, CI 50.9 to 62.5 versus 43.5% CI 28.6 to 54.6, P = 0.03). These differences were not noted in the apical part of the extraction socket. Histological analysis supported the microCT findings. Newly bone volume per tissue volume (BV/TV) was significantly higher in the control group when compared to miR‐21 knockout mice, 27.4% (CI 20.6 to 32.9) versus 19.0% (CI 14.7 to 21.5, P < 0.05), respectively. Surprisingly, no evident signs of buccal bone resorption were observed in both groups.ConclusionDespite the limitation of one observation period, these findings suggest that miR‐21‐5p delays the early healing of alveolar socket following tooth extraction. Whether miR‐21‐5p is essential for healing of alveolar sockets remains to be elucidated.
Quantitative determination of trace phenazopyridine in human urine samples by hyphenation of dispersive solid‐phase extraction and liquid‐phase microextraction followed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis
Authors: Seidi Shahram , Mohammadi Fahimeh , Tajik Mohammad , Baharfar Mahroo , Mohammadi Abdorreza , Otoufat Tohid 
Published: May 2020

AbstractMagnetic dispersive solid‐phase extraction followed by dispersive liquid−liquid microextraction coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry was applied for the quantitative analysis of phenazopyridine in urinary samples. Magnetic dispersive solid‐phase extraction was carried out using magnetic graphene oxide nanoparticles modified by poly(thiophene‐pyrrole) copolymer. The eluting solvent of this step was used as the disperser solvent for the dispersive liquid−liquid microextraction procedure. To reach the maximum efficiency of the method, effective parameters including sorbent amount, adsorption time, type and volume of disperser and extraction solvents, pH of the sample solution, and ionic strength as well as desorption time, and approach were optimized, separately. Characterization of the synthesized sorbent was studied by utilizing infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy‐dispersive X‐ray analysis. Calibration curve was linear in the range of 0.5−250 ng/mL (R2 = 0.9988) with limits of detection and quantification of 0.1 and 0.5 ng/mL, respectively. Intra‐ and interday precisions (RSD%, n = 3) of the method were in the range of 4.6−5.4% and 4.0−5.5%, respectively, at three different concentration levels. Under the optimal condition, this method was successfully applied for the determination of phenazopyridine in human urine samples. The relative recoveries were obtained in the range of 85.0−89.0%.
Filling of Fine and Core Biopsy Needles With the Contrast Agent Sulfur Hexafluoride
Authors: Thunswärd Per , Nilsson Anders , Ahlström Håkan 
Published: May 2020

ObjectivesTo investigate whether the ex vivo and in vitro ultrasound visibility of fine needles (FNs) and core biopsy needles (CNBs) can be improved by filling them with an ultrasound contrast agent.MethodsAfter needle filling with the contrast agent sulfur hexafluoride, punctures with FNs and CBNs were recorded in the B‐mode and contrast‐specific imaging mode (10 observations in each of the 4 groups). Recordings were made in both butchered bovine liver (experiment I) and a water bath (experiment II). Air and normal saline were used as controls (total n = 120 for each experiment). In experiment I, 4 ultrasound specialists subjectively assessed the relative needle visibility in the recordings by using an arbitrary scale (integers 0–10). In experiment II, the contrast‐to‐noise ratio was calculated for both the entire needle course and the needle tip area.ResultsIn experiment I, subjective visibility was increased compared with both controls only for CBNs in the contrast‐specific imaging mode (P < .01). In experiment II, the contrast‐to‐noise ratio for both the entire needle course and the needle tip area increased compared with both controls for both FNs and CBNs in the contrast‐specific imaging mode (P < .05).ConclusionsUltrasound contrast agent needle filling is a promising new method to increase the visibility of CBNs in the contrast‐specific imaging mode. This finding needs to be confirmed in vivo before its clinical value can be assessed.
Focused Cardiac Ultrasound in Dyspnea of Unclear Etiology in the Emergency Department
Authors: Balderston Jessica R. , Sternberg Michael E. , Joyce J. Michael , Evans David P. , Gertz Zachary M. 
Published: May 2020

ObjectivesWe evaluated the utility of focused cardiac ultrasound to predict the length of stay in patients presenting to the emergency department with dyspnea of unclear etiology.MethodsPatients with focused cardiac ultrasound examinations performed in the emergency department for dyspnea over a 34‐month period were retrospectively identified. Patients were excluded if they had a prior diagnosis of heart failure, dialysis requirement, or an etiology of dyspnea unrelated to the volume status. Left ventricular function was categorized as normal or reduced, and the inferior vena cava was categorized as normal or increased volume. A fast limited ultrasound to investigate dyspnea (FLUID) score was calculated by adding 1 point for reduced left ventricular function and 1 point for increased volume, producing a score of 0, 1, or 2.ResultsThere were 123 patients included. There was a significant correlation between the FLUID score and length of stay, with longer stays for higher scores (FLUID score 0, 7.4 hours median; FLUID score 1, 2.34 days; FLUID score 2, 5.56 days; analysis of variance P < .001). Of the other variables collected, only age, hypertension, diabetes, heart rate, and brain natriuretic peptide were significantly correlated with the length of stay. A multivariate analysis including those variables and the FLUID score showed that the FLUID score was the strongest independent predictor of the length of stay.ConclusionsFocused cardiac ultrasound and calculation of a FLUID score for patients with undifferentiated dyspnea can be a powerful tool to predict the hospital length of stay.
Association of CARD8 Activating Polymorphism With Bone Erosion in Cholesteatoma Patients
Authors: Sangal Neel , Yan John , Pryor Jessica , Elias Marcus L. , Joseph Biju , Ulloa Luis , Jyung Robert W. 
Published: May 2020

ObjectivesWe compared the incidence of polymorphisms activating the NLRP3 inflammasome between controls and patients with cholesteatoma and its potential association with bone erosion in patients with cholesteatoma.MethodsThis is a case‐control study assessing the mutation rates in genes of interest in patients with and without cholesteatoma. A total of 133 saliva samples from control (n = 65) and cholesteatoma (n = 68) patients were collected for DNA extraction. Caspase recruitment domain family member 8 (CARD8) (AA: homozygous wild type, AT: heterozygous, TT: homozygous mutant polymorphism) and NLRP3 (CC: homozygous wild type, CA: heterozygous, AA: homozygous mutant) polymorphisms were analyzed with TaqMan single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) quantitative polymerase chain reaction (ThermoFisher Scientific, Waltham, MA). Mutation status was correlated with a novel bone erosion scoring model developed as a part of this study. Summary statistics, including frequencies (%) and median (Q1, Q3) were used to describe the sample.ResultsThe presence of CARD8 and NLRP3 homozygous wild‐type polymorphisms were generally similar for the control and cholesteatoma patient groups. CARD8 homozygous TT polymorphisms were an exception, occurring more frequently in patients who developed a cholesteatoma compared to the control group (29% vs. 10%, P = .009). Those patients with CARD8 homozygous TT polymorphism had higher median scores of bone erosion as compared to subjects with nonhomozygous mutant genotypes (median [interquartile range]: 4.0 [3.0, 5.5] vs. 2.5 [1.0, 3.5], P = .0142).ConclusionCholesteatoma patients have a significant, twofold higher incidence of CARD8 homozygous TT polymorphism. Furthermore, cholesteatoma patients with this homozygous polymorphism had greater bone erosion rates than controls. These findings suggest that genetic mutations may increase host susceptibility to cholesteatomas. Specifically, the CARD8 TT polymorphism may influence the severity of cholesteatoma‐induced bone erosion.Level of Evidence: 3b