bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment of epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor‐induced severe paronychia with pyogenic granuloma‐like lesions with topical betaxolol: an open‐label observation study
Authors: Yen Chi‐Feng , Hsu Chao‐Kai , Yang Hsing‐San , Lee Chaw‐Ning , Chi Ching‐Chi , Chung Wen‐Hung , Wang Chih‐Liang , Pang Jong‐Hwei Su , Wang Chuang‐Wei , Ko Yu‐Shien , Lu Chun‐Wei 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundParonychia is a common adverse event caused by epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors. However, high rates of post‐treatment discomfort, infection, recurrence, and increased time to return to work have been noted after nail plate avulsion for EGFR inhibitor‐induced paronychia. Furthermore, poor wound healing and malnutrition were common conditions found in cancer patients. The aim of this study is to find an effective, pain‐relieving, and noninvasive treatment for patients with severe paronychia induced by EGFR inhibitors.MethodsData from a series of 35 non‐small cell lung cancer cases suffering from EGFR inhibitor‐induced paronychia with pyogenic granuloma‐like lesions of digits treated with betaxolol 0.25% ophthalmic solution once daily were collected and analyzed.ResultsOf the 35 patients suffering from grade 2 or 3 paronychia with pyogenic granuloma‐like lesions induced by EGFR inhibitors, 34 (97.1%) demonstrated complete resolution and only one (2.9%) had partial resolution after 12 weeks of topical betaxolol treatment. The grading of paronychia according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events decreased from an average of 2.29 to 0.63 after 4 weeks of treatment (P = 5.55 × 10−16). All the patients had significant improvement (50% pain reduction), as their pain visual analogue scale scores decreased from an average of 7.06 to 2.26 after one week of treatment (P = 6.11 × 10−25).ConclusionBetaxolol 0.25% ophthalmic solution is an effective, safe, and pain‐relieving treatment for patients suffering from EGFR inhibitor‐induced paronychia with pyogenic granuloma‐like lesions and deep fissures.
Flash sintering of 3YSZ/Al2O3‐platelet composites
Authors: Jia Yongjie , Su Xinghua , Wu Yajuan , Wang Zhenjun , Meng Leichao , Xu Xiqing , Zhang Anni 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPreparation of 3YSZ/Al2O3‐platelet composites always requires high temperature, long duration, and/or high pressure. Herein, 3YSZ/Al2O3‐platelet composites are prepared at low temperature of 492°C‐645°C in 30 seconds by flash sintering under the electric field of 300‐800 V/cm. The influence of electric field and current limit on the densification and grain growth of composites is investigated. The onset temperature for flash sintering is determined by electric field, which is decreased with increasing the electric field. Under the constant electric field, the current limit has a great effect on the density and grain size of composite. The flash‐sintered 3YSZ/Al2O3‐platelet composites exhibit relatively high hardness and elastic modulus. Both Joule heating and defects generation are proposed to be responsible for the rapid densification in flash sintering. This work demonstrates the feasibility of employing the flash sintering to prepare ceramic composites with fine grain size.
Bump‐head sunfish Mola alexandrini photographed in the north‐west Pacific Ocean mesopelagic zone
Authors: Sawai Etsuro , Yamada Morihiko 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe report a bump‐head sunfish Mola alexandrini (120–130 cm estimated total length) photographed from a manned submersible at a depth of 220 m off Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan, in May 2004. Mola alexandrini is often misidentified as the ocean sunfish Mola mola. This individual represented three records for this species: first record by a manned submersible, second record from the mesopelagic zone in the north‐west Pacific Ocean and a new distributional record from Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan.
Virucidal effects of various agents—including protease—against koi herpesvirus and viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus
Authors: Amtmann Anette , Ahmed Ibrahim , Zahner‐Rimmel Petra , Mletzko Adam , Jordan Lisa Katharina , Oberle Martin , Wedekind Helmut , Christian Jürgen , Bergmann Sven Michael , Becker Anna Maria 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn a search for alternative, environmentally friendly and effective disinfecting agents, a commercially available protease—Neutrase®—was tested in this work for inactivation of koi herpesvirus (KHV) and of viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV). For comparison, the stability of these viral pathogens in similar configurations at various pH values and concentrations of peracetic acid or quicklime, typically used for disinfection, was tested. Therefore, virus suspensions were incubated with various concentrations of different agents for 24 hr and the titre of the remaining infectious particles was determined by virus titration. Furthermore, the treatment of both viruses, with the agents at concentrations that were previously appointed as effective, was also examined in the presence of solid material (quartz sand). All procedures investigated in this study, including the protease treatment, were able to reduce the titre of KHV and VHSV below the detection limit of the titration. Although further studies are necessary, this is the first report of the application of a protease for the inactivation of the selected fish pathogens, demonstrating the great potential of the latter for disinfection.
The lived experience of adults with cystic fibrosis: what they would tell their younger selves about the gut
Authors: Cave L. , Milnes L. J. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundLittle is known about adults’ experience of living with cystic fibrosis (CF) specifically in relation to the gut. However, their unique perspectives may be meaningful to children with CF and inform the understanding and practice of dietitians. The present study aimed to explore adults’ lived experience of the CF gut and how they learnt to manage the gut as they were growing up.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews were conducted with adult inpatients (n = 10). Interviews were audio‐recorded, transcribed verbatim and accounts analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis.ResultsThree super‐ordinate themes were identified: taking Creon, the learning process and this much I (now) know. Participants accounts of how CF affects the gut predominantly focused on taking Creon (pancreatin, Mylan). Various strategies were employed for coping with peer responses to taking Creon at school. Several participants reached adulthood before they understood and/or accepted that taking Creon consistently needed to be normal for them. Knowledge and understanding developed over time, with ‘CF experience’ and was shaped by family, CF care teams and other children with CF. All had unmet information needs when growing up. Having key explanations earlier, to make connections between eating, taking Creon, gaining weight and growth, did or would have helped most participants. Participants urged children to be assertive, ask questions and not only be involved in managing their diet and gut, but also begin to take control of this aspect of their CF.ConclusionsSupporting development of knowledge, skills and confidence to manage diet and the gut needs to be integral to care throughout childhood.
The effect on pregnant women's prenatal attachment of a nursing practice using the first and second Leopold's maneuvers
Authors: Celik Meryem , Ergin Ayla 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to determine the effect on pregnant women's prenatal attachment of a nursing practice using the first and second Leopold's maneuvers.MethodThis experimental, randomized and controlled study was conducted in a pregnancy class of a training and research hospital in Kocaeli, Turkey from September 2016 to September 2017. Its sample included 100 pregnant women, 50 in the experimental group and 50 in the control group (https://www.random.org, accessed: 09.20.2016). Data were collected using a personal information form, the Prenatal Attachment Inventory (PAI) and the Fetal Position Awareness Scale (FPAS). The study offered education that included fetal development, the first and second Leopold's maneuvers, and Leopold's maneuvers were administered in the 28th week of the women's pregnancy and re‐administered in the 32nd and 36th weeks of pregnancy. No intervention was administered to the control group in these weeks, but the scales were administered.ResultsThe sociodemographic, obstetric, social support and baby‐related characteristics of the groups were similar (p > .05). There were no statically significant differences between their mean PAI and FPAS scores in the 28th week of pregnancy (p > .05). The experimental group's mean PAI and the FPAS scores in the 32nd and 36th weeks of pregnancy were significantly higher than those of the control group (p < .01).ConclusionThe study concluded that Leopold's maneuvers affected the pregnant women's prenatal attachment levels.
Health Empowers You: Impact of a School‐Based Physical Activity Program in Elementary School Students, Georgia, 2015‐2016
Authors: Hyde Eric T. , Gazmararian Julie A. , Barrett‐Williams Shannon L. , Kay Christi M. 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDMost youth in the United States do not meet the recommended 60 minutes of daily physical activity (PA). The school environment offers an opportunity to engage students in PA. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of a comprehensive school‐based physical activity program on student PA across student‐level and school‐level characteristics.METHODSPA levels from 3294 fourth grade students in 24 intervention schools and 7 control schools in metropolitan Atlanta, Georgia were measured during the 2015‐2016 academic year. PA measures included daily steps in school, steps taken in physical education class (PE), and percent of PE class time spent in moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Intervention effectiveness was assessed using generalized estimating equations adjusting for sex and school‐level socioeconomic status (SES).RESULTSAfter adjusting for sex and school‐level SES, intervention students had significantly higher increases in average daily steps (p < .05), steps taken in PE (p < .01), and percent of PE class spent in MVPA (p < .01) than control students.CONCLUSIONSOur findings demonstrate the effectiveness of CSPAPs in increasing PA. Further research using randomized controlled trials of large‐scale implementations, longer follow‐up periods, and more diverse student sample is warranted.
A Community–Academic Partnership for School‐Based Nonviolence Education: The Healthy Power Program
Authors: Dunn Melissa , Drew Christa , O'Brien Joseph , Wood Michael , Mora Eriberto , Diener Sam , Perry Donna J. 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDYouth violence is a significant problem affecting community health. Community–academic partnerships can advance youth nonviolence education by synergizing the strengths of collaborators while working toward a common goal. We describe a collaboration between an urban public middle school, community nonprofit, and university‐based graduate school of nursing in implementing and evaluating the Healthy Power program, a school‐based youth nonviolence program for middle‐school boys.METHODSA participatory program evaluation approach was used to plan and implement evaluation of the Healthy Power program with a cohort of 8 students. Collaborative planning allowed for the selection of measures that reflected program objectives and were of value to community partners while also scientifically sound. A mixed‐methods approach included a focus group and a pretest–posttest with quantitative items and open‐ended questions.RESULTSWhile the quantitative pre‐posttest did not show any significant change, the open‐ended questions and focus group suggested that students had advanced their understanding and application of conflict resolution skills.CONCLUSIONSThe findings support the usefulness of community–academic partnerships for peace/conflict resolution education and program evaluation. Such programs may benefit from mixed methods of evaluation.
Promotions and Race: An Analysis of Wage Returns and Job Satisfaction
Authors: Tripp Sophie , Fadlon Yariv 
Published: November 2019

AbstractUsing a nationally representative sample of workers in the United States, we find evidence to suggest the wage returns to promotions for black males are about 48 per cent of the wage returns that white males earn. As black males earn, on average, significantly less than white males, the gap in the wage returns to promotions creates a larger impact on the absolute returns. Despite the racial gap in the monetary reward to a promotion, we do not find evidence to suggest that black males are less satisfied with their job following a job promotion compared with white males.
Is spinal computed tomography necessary in pediatric trauma patients?
Authors: Eren Burak , Karagoz Guzey Feyza 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background
To investigate the prevalence of findings of spinal injury on computed tomography (CT) images of pediatric trauma patients and to define indicators for the possible presence of spinal injuries.
Methods
Spinal CT for pediatric trauma patients (age ≤ 12 years) over a 2‐year period was retrospectively evaluated for the presence of findings suggestive of spinal injury.
Results
Of the 773 patients reviewed, 19 (2.4%) showed traumatic spinal lesions on their spinal CT images. These patients were significantly older than those without spinal lesions (mean age 7.9 ± 3.3 years vs 6.1 ± 3.3 years; P = 0.02). The prevalence of spinal trauma was significantly lower in patients aged 0–8 years than in those aged 9–12 years (P = 0.025). Spinal injury was significantly higher in female patients (P = 0.014). Most of the spinal injuries were located at the lumbar and sacral vertebral levels, and most did not cause neurological complications or require surgical treatment. Important indicators of the possible presence of spinal injuries were pain, tenderness, or ecchymosis over the spine, a low Glasgow Coma Scale score (≤12), head injury (for cervical injuries), or intrathoracic injuries and pelvic fractures (for lumbar and sacral injuries).
Conclusions
Most spinal CT examinations for the diagnosis of spinal injuries in children did not show positive findings. Thus, many children were exposed to an unnecessary high dose of radiation. New clinical evaluation criteria and indicators should be defined to diagnose spinal injuries and avoid unnecessary radiological examinations.
The Political Dimension of Cash Transfers in Latin America and Sub‐Saharan Africa: A Comparative Perspective
Authors: Scarlato Margherita , d'Agostino Giorgio 
Published: November 2019

This article compares the consolidated experience of conditional cash transfers in Latin America with a variety of models of cash transfers (CTs) in middle‐ and low‐income countries in Sub‐Saharan Africa. We explore the recent literature with the aim to highlight the underlying political economy factors that have underpinned the emergence and scaling up of various kinds of social protection strategies in the two regions. Some implications and policy suggestions are drawn regarding the opportunities and challenges for CTs in the future.Related ArticlesAideyan, Osaore. 2016. “Political and Institutional Prerequisites for Monetary Union: Assessing Progress in the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS).”Politics & Policy44 (6): 1192‐1212.https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12183Fonchingong, Charles Che. 2014. “Firming up Institutional Policy for Deprived Elderly in Cameroon.”Politics & Policy42 (6): 948‐980.https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12101Villanueva Ulfgard, Rebecka. 2019. “Mexico's Struggle with Development between Global Compromises and National Development Plans.”Politics & Policy47 (1): 50‐78.https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/polp.12288
Immunolocalization of c‐Fos, ELOVL5 and oestradiol in the ewe vulva in relation to oestrus behaviour after treatment with lipopolysaccharide
Authors: Dobson Hilary , Tilston Valerie , Ressel Lorenzo 
Published: November 2019

AbstractSudden activation of the stress axis by a lipopolysaccharide endotoxin (LPS) significantly reduces ewes' sexual attractivity to rams by delaying all signs of oestrous behaviour. To understand mechanisms involved in attracting male interest, we examined c‐Fos (nuclear activation), ELOVL5 (enzyme involved in pheromone synthesis) and oestradiol receptors (ER) using immunohistochemistry on ewe vulval tissue at 0, 31 and 40 hr in the ovarian follicular phase with or without exposure to LPS at 28 hr (5 groups of 4 ewes per group). While there was intense staining for immunoreactive (IR)‐c‐Fos and IR‐ELOVL5 in the vulval epithelium and sebaceous glands, there were no differences in intensity between groups of ewes. The absence of IR‐ER staining in vulval epithelium and sebaceous/sweat glands was unexpected. Differences in ram behaviour towards ewes in the ovarian follicular phase and after LPS treatment do not appear to involve quantitative changes in vulval c‐Fos, ELOVL5 or ER, but subtle qualitative differences in individual‐specific compounds (attraction pheromones) remain an option.
New Rural Community? Narratives from Second Home Owners about Everyday Life in a Tourist Region in Finnish Lapland
Authors: Tuulentie Seija , Kietäväinen Asta 
Published: November 2019

AbstractNowadays, second homes are important for rural development and rural communities in many parts of the world. Second home owners are more committed to the place than tourists and other occasional visitors. However, they are not counted as full members of the local community, which is often seen as a coherent group of like‐minded people. This study examines the concept of community in the context of second home owners in a popular tourist region of Finnish Lapland. The study is based on diaries kept for one year by ten second home owners. The diaries are analysed as narratives that record happenings that the writers see as worth narrating. They show that various social contacts as well as media and nature create the entirety of the attachment to the second home place. Social contact occurs in many places, from services to nature environments. Also residents’ association seems to be an important forum of social influence. The authors suggest that more spaces for socialising are needed in order to have interaction between permanent residents and second home owners.
Competing Explanations of Competing Explanations: Accounting for Conflict Between Scientific and Folk Explanations
Authors: Shtulman Andrew , Legare Cristine H. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPeople who hold scientific explanations for natural phenomena also hold folk explanations, and the two types of explanations compete under some circumstances. Here, we explore the question of why folk explanations persist in the face of a well‐understood scientific alternative, a phenomenon known as explanatory coexistence. We consider two accounts: an associative account, where coexistence is driven by low‐level associations between co‐occurring ideas in experience or discourse, and a theory‐based account, where coexistence reflects high‐level competition between distinct sets of causal expectations. We present data that assess the relative contributions of these two accounts to the cognitive conflict elicited by counterintuitive scientific ideas. Participants (134 college undergraduates) verified scientific statements like “air has weight” and “bacteria have DNA” as quickly as possible, and we examined the speed and accuracy of their verifications in relation to measures of associative information (lexical co‐occurrence of the statements' subjects and predicates) and theory‐based expectations (ratings of whether the statements' subjects possess theory‐relevant attributes). Both measures explained a significant amount of variance in participants' responses, but the theory‐based measures explained three to five times more. These data suggest that the cognitive conflict elicited by counterintuitive scientific ideas typically arises from competing theories and that such ideas might be made more intuitive by strengthening scientific theories or weakening folk theories.
The unusual di‐domain structure of Dunaliella salina glycerol‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase enables direct conversion of dihydroxyacetone phosphate to glycerol
Authors: He Qinghua , Toh Joel Dewei , Ero Rya , Qiao Zhu , Kumar Veerendra , Serra Aida , Tan Jackie , Sze Siu Kwan , Gao Yong‐Gui 
Published: November 2019

SummaryDunaliella has been extensively studied due to its intriguing adaptation to high salinity. Its di‐domain glycerol‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) isoform is likely to underlie the rapid production of the osmoprotectant glycerol. Here, we report the structure of the chimeric Dunaliella salina GPDH (DsGPDH) protein featuring a phosphoserine phosphatase‐like domain fused to the canonical glycerol‐3‐phosphate (G3P) dehydrogenase domain. Biochemical assays confirm that DsGPDH can convert dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) directly to glycerol, whereas a separate phosphatase protein is required for this conversion process in most organisms. The structure of DsGPDH in complex with its substrate DHAP and co‐factor nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) allows the identification of the residues that form the active sites. Furthermore, the structure reveals an intriguing homotetramer form that likely contributes to the rapid biosynthesis of glycerol.
Description of Gas Hydrate Using Digital Core Technology
Authors: Li Shuxia , Li Shuang , Pang Weixin 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
As a new energy source with abundant resources, clean combustion, and high calorific value, gas hydrates have received much attention in recent years. However, the sampling cost is relatively high because the gas hydrates exist in deep seas and frozen soils. Digital core technology can reconstruct hydrate cores without destroying rock samples. In this paper, the advanced image processing technology is used to process the gas hydrate computed tomography (CT) scan image, and a three-dimensional hydrate digital core model is constructed, which can depict the sample's pore structure features. avizo software is used for filtering and image segmentation; the porosity is calculated as 35.90%, the hydrate saturation is 36.92%, and the pore network model is established. The pore radius is mostly distributed in 0–1 × 102 µm, and the average pore radius is 168.131 µm; the throat radius is mostly distributed in 0.5–1×102 µm. The seepage simulation on the pore scale is carried out, and the absolute permeability is calculated to be 76.8 µm2. Compared with conventional physical experiments, the digital core technology can obtain the true distribution of the pores inside the hydrate core, which is very helpful for analyzing the physical parameters of the hydrate core. The digital core technology is of great significance in the study of hydrate reservoirs.
Stagnation Flow and Heat Transfer From a Finite Disk Situated Perpendicular to a Uniform Stream
Authors: aus der Wiesche Stefan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The stagnation flow and heat transfer from the blunt surface of a finite circular disk subjected to a uniform stream of an incompressible fluid is revisited in this paper. A laminar boundary layer analyses was carried out employing the method developed by Frössling. The involved auxiliary functions were calculated for several Prandtl numbers. It was found that the exact knowledge of the velocity at the outer edge of the boundary layer was essential to achieve an accurate velocity solution. In addition to the analytical work, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations and an experimental study were carried out. The analytical treatment enabled a clear discussion of the effect of the Prandtl number on convective heat transfer from a blunt disk. A primary and a secondary effect were distinguished based on the rigorous analytical treatment. The boundary layer theory offered a rather efficient calculation method, and its results were in an excellent agreement with available literature data.