bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ventriculoperitoneal shunt insertion in human immunodeficiency virus infected adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Loan James JM , Poon Michael TC , Tominey Steven , Mankahla Ncedile , Meintjes Graeme , Fieggen Graham 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
Hydrocephalus is a common, life threatening complication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related central nervous system opportunistic infection which can be treated by insertion of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS). In HIV-infected patients there is concern that VPS might be associated with unacceptably high mortality. To identify prognostic indicators, we aimed to compare survival and clinical outcome following VPS placement between all studied causes of hydrocephalus in HIV infected patients.

Methods
The following electronic databases were searched: The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE (PubMed), EMBASE, CINAHL Plus, LILACS, Research Registry, the metaRegister of Controlled Trials, ClinicalTrials.gov, African Journals Online, and the OpenGrey database. We included observational studies of HIV-infected patients treated with VPS which reported of survival or clinical outcome. Data was extracted using standardised proformas. Risk of bias was assessed using validated domain-based tools.

Results
723 unique study records were screened. Nine observational studies were included. Three included a total of 75 patients with tuberculous meningitis (TBM) and six included a total of 49 patients with cryptococcal meningitis (CM). All of the CM and two of the TBM studies were of weak quality. One of the TBM studies was of moderate quality. One-month mortality ranged from 62.5-100% for CM and 33.3-61.9% for TBM. These pooled data were of low to very-low quality and was inadequate to support meta-analysis between aetiologies. HIV-infected patients with TBM had higher risk of one-month mortality compared with HIV non-infected controls (odds ratio 3.03; 95% confidence-interval 1.13- 8.12; p=0.03).

Conclusions
The evidence base is currently inadequate to inform prognostication in VPS insertion in HIV-infected patients. A population-based prospective cohort study is required to address this, in the first instance.

Registration
International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) registration ID: CRD42016052239
BIOCONVERSION OF SECONDARY PRODUCTS OF PROCESSING OF GRAIN CEREALS CROPS
Authors: Vitol I. S. , Igoryanova N. A. , Meleshkina E. P. 
Published: December 2019

A method has been developed for the production of organic ingredients from secondary products resulting from the high-quality grinding of triticale and wheat into flour, which involves the enzymatic action of amylolytic enzymes to release starch polysaccharides while preserving the native properties of dietary fibers and biologically active substances associated with them. To a large extent, the features of the properties of the obtained ingredients are due to the number and composition of the components of dietary fiber of grain, as well as the morphological features of their structure. It is shown that the viscosity of aqueous colloidal systems at a concentration of soluble dietary fiber of the ingredient 0.5 % increases 11 times; at a concentration of 1.0 % — 30 times, forming a viscous gel-like structure. This allows them to be used for gelling, thickening and stabilization of aquatic food systems. The use of ingredients with a high content of NLP in baking is possible only taking into account their water absorption capacity. A method for the enzymatic modification of secondary products of processing of grain triticale was developed. On the basis of the study of the kinetics and efficiency of the effect of proteolytic and cellulolytic enzyme preparations (EP) and their compositions, optimal conditions for enzymatic modification (the EP dosage is 0.5…0.75 units of PA/g of bran, 0.3…0.4 units of CA/g of bran, the optimum temperature is 40–50 °С, pH is 5.0 and 3.5, the duration of reactions is 1.5 hours) have been determined. The use of cellulolytic EP allowed to increase the amount of reducing substances and soluble protein by 1.5–2.5 times in comparison with the control sample. The biomodified bran obtained using the MEC «Shearzyme 500 L» + «Neutrase 1.5 MG» and «Viscoferm L» + «Distizym Protacid Extra» has a high degree of hydrolysis of non-starch polysaccharides and proteins, is characterized by a certain ratio of high-, medium-, low-molecular peptides and amino acids, has different functional and technological properties. They can be used in the production of a wide range of general-purpose, functional and treatmentand-prophylactic food products.
DEVELOPMENT OF PASTERIZATION MODES FOR HIGH-SUGAR CANS IN CONTINUOUS ACTING PASTEURIZERS
Authors: Pokudina G. P. , Trishkaneva M. V. , Volkova R. A. 
Published: December 2019

High-sugar canned fruits, such as jam, marmalade, confiture, are characterized by a high content of soluble dry solids and high acidity, which allows to apply to them pasteurization processes as heat treatment. In comparison with sterilization processes, heat treatment of hermetically sealed canned food during pasteurization is implemented at temperatures less than 100°C.The article presents the results of the development of scientifically-based pasteurization modes for high-sugar canned food for industrial continuous-acting pasteurizers (CAP — continuous-acting pasteurizers) of open type with a temperature in the heating area less than 100°C. For today, such pasteurizers are widely spread due to the simplicity of their design, high productivity, with the option to reduce consumption of water, steam, electricity and to use it for the various types of packaging. So, the actual task of this article is the establishment of canned fruit pasteurization modes for such pasteurizers.The development of pasteurization modes for high-sugar canned food using strawberry jam as a sample was carried out in the experimental equipment simulating the operation of a continuous-acting pasteurizer. The studies were implemented to confirm that the developed modes of heat treatment in the CAP as a matter of fact provide industrial sterility of the produced high-sugar canned food. Optimal pasteurization modes have the following parameters: heat treatment in an autoclave sterilizer at a heating temperature of the heating medium 97°C and stage-by-stage cooling of the products with water at temperatures 70°C, 50°C and 30°C.
Synthesis, In Vitro and In Silico Studies of Indolequinone Derivatives against Clinically Relevant Bacterial Pathogens
Authors: Leite Talita Odriane Custodio , Novais Juliana Silva , de Carvalho Beatriz Lima Cosenza , Ferreira Vitor Francisco , Miceli Leonardo Alves , Fraga Letícia , Abrahim-Vieira Bárbara , Rodrigues Carlos Rangel , Sá Figueiredo Agnes Marie , Castro Helena Carla , Cunha Anna Claudia 
Published: December 2019

Background:
According to the World Health Organization, antimicrobial resistance is one of
the most important public health threats of the 21st century. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the
development of antimicrobial agents with new mechanism of action, especially those capable of evading
known resistance mechanisms.

Objective:
We described the synthesis, in vitro antimicrobial evaluation, and in silico analysis of a series
of 1H-indole-4,7-dione derivatives.

Methods:
The new series of 1H-indole-4,7-diones was prepared with good yield by using a copper(II)-
mediated reaction between bromoquinone and β-enamino ketones bearing alkyl or phenyl groups attached
to the nitrogen atom. The antimicrobial potential of indole derivatives was assessed. Molecular
docking studies were also performed using AutoDock 4.2 for Windows. Characterization of all compounds
was confirmed by one- and two-dimensional NMR techniques 1H and 13C NMR spectra [1H, 13C
– APT, 1H x 1H – COSY, HSQC and HMBC], IR and mass spectrometry analysis.

Results:
Several indolequinone compounds showed effective antimicrobial profile against Grampositive
(MIC = 16 µg.mL-1) and Gram-negative bacteria (MIC = 8 µg.mL-1) similar to antimicrobials
current on the market. The 3-acetyl-1-(2,5-dimethylphenyl)-1H-indole-4,7-dione derivative exhibited an
important effect against different biofilm stages formed by a serious hospital life-threatening resistant
strain of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). A hemocompatibility profile analysis
based on in vitro hemolysis assays revealed the low toxicity effects of this new series. Indeed, in silico
studies showed a good pharmacokinetics and toxicological profiles for all indolequinone derivatives,
reinforcing their feasibility to display a promising oral bioavailability. An elucidation of the promising
indolequinone derivatives binding mode was achieved, showing interactions with important sites to biological
activity of S. aureus DNA gyrase. These results highlighted 3-acetyl-1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1Hindole-
4,7-dione derivative as broad-spectrum antimicrobial prototype to be further explored for treating
bacterial infections.

Conclusion:
The highly substituted indolequinones were obtained in moderate to good yields. The
pharmacological study indicated that these compounds should be exploited in the search for a leading
substance in a project aimed at obtaining new antimicrobials effective against Gram-negative bacteria.
Mix Networks: Existing Scenarios and Future Directions on Security and Privacy
Authors: Ahmad Khaleel , Kamal Afsar 
Published: December 2019

Background:
Privacy-enhancing techniques are developed in order to provide strong
protection to cyberspace. These techniques aim to allow users to keep their identities hidden during
the communication when they are sending an email, making payments online, browsing the Web,
or posting to newsgroups. MixNet is the most practical solution for concealing identities of
message and sender’s identities.

Objective:
It provides the sender and receiver anonymity as well as message security. The main
goal of MixNet is to overcome vulnerability and enhance the performance of communication. It
can efficiently handle the messages of various lengths and produce desirable results with privacy.
The goal of this patent is to acquire information and concepts regarding MixNet. We also grant
hints for future lookups and references.

Methods :
The design of MixNet depends on what the cryptosystem method is used. Symmetric and
Asymmetric both are used. Other methods could be also used such as PIR, CSP and FDR model,
RPC, Token-based approach, or others.

Result:
In this patent, we provided an overview of MixNet approaches and presented a survey on
MixNet based techniques and different models. We also constructed the comparison tables as per
our requirements for better understanding. For this purpose, we found a total of 120 articles related
to the MixNet published between 1990 and 2018 from the most relevant scientific resources.
However, only 86 papers were analyzed due to comprehensiveness and relevancy in this article.

Conclusion:
Focused on the security and privacy of communication and how it can be achieved.
This patent also reveals research progress and research gap on MixNet.
Design and Evaluation of Long Acting Biodegradable PLGA Microspheres for Ocular Drug Delivery
Authors: Pandya Anjali , Athawale Rajani , Puro Durga , Bhagwat Geeta 
Published: December 2019

Background::
The research work involves the development of PLGA biodegradable
microspheres loaded with dexamethasone for intraocular delivery.

Objective::
The study aimed to design and evaluate long acting PLGA microspheres for ocular
delivery of dexamethasone.

Methods::
The present formulation involves the development of long-acting dexamethasone loaded
microspheres composed of a biodegradable controlled release polymer, Poly(D,L-lactide-coglycolide)
(PLGA), for the treatment of posterior segment eye disorders intravitreally. PLGA with
a monomer ratio of 50:50 of lactic acid to glycolic acid was used to achieve a drug release for up
to 45 days. Quality by Design approach was utilized for designing the experiments. Single emulsion
solvent evaporation technique along with high-pressure homogenization was used to facilitate
the formation of microspheres.

Results::
Particle size evaluation, drug content and drug entrapment efficiency were determined for
the microspheres. Particle size and morphology were observed using Field Emission Gun-
Scanning Electron Microscopy (FEG-SEM) and microspheres were in the size range of 1-5 μm.
Assessment of drug release was done using in vitro studies and trans retinal permeation was observed
by ex vivo studies using goat retinal tissues.

Conclusion::
Considering the dire need for prolonged therapeutic effect on diseases of the posterior
eye, an intravitreal long-acting formulation was designed. The use of biodegradable polymer with
biocompatible degradation products was a rational approach to achieve this aim. The outcome of
the present research shows that developed microspheres would provide a long-acting drug profile
and reduce the frequency of administration thereby improving patient compliance.
Withdrawal Notice: Empowering Secured Outsourcing in Cloud Storage Through Data Integrity Verification
Authors: Jothi C. Saranya , Rajkumar N. 
Published: December 2019

The article has been withdrawn at the request of the authors and editor of the journal Recent Advances in Computer Science
and Communications.;

Bentham Science Disclaimer:
The Bentham Editorial Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://benthamscience.com/editorial-policies-main.php

Bentham Science Disclaimer:
It is a condition of publication that manuscripts submitted to this journal have not been published and will not be simultaneously
submitted or published elsewhere. Furthermore, any data, illustration, structure or table that has been published elsewhere
must be reported, and copyright permission for reproduction must be obtained. Plagiarism is strictly forbidden, and by submitting
the article for publication the authors agree that the publishers have the legal right to take appropriate action against the
authors, if plagiarism or fabricated information is discovered. By submitting a manuscript the authors agree that the copyright
of their article is transferred to the publishers if and when the article is accepted for publication.
Treatment Outcomes of Periprosthetic Joint Infection in HIV-positive Patients
Authors: Tryapichnikov A. S. , Ermakov A. M. , Klyushin N. M. , Ababkov Yu. V. , Stepanayn A. B. , Koyushkov A. N. 
Published: December 2019

Relevance. There is a limited number of publications reporting outcomes of primary large joint arthroplasty in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The authors were unable to find papers on revision arthroplasty in patients with periprosthetic infection. Purpose of the study — to evaluate short term outcomes after revision arthroplasty in HIV-positive patients with periprosthetic infection of the hip and knee joint. Materials and methods. 13 HIV-positive patients with periprosthetic infection of the hip (10 cases) and knee (3 cases) joint underwent treatment in the period from 2015 to 2019. Patients were examined by clinical, laboratory and roentgenological methods. Harris Hip Score and Knee Society Score were used for evaluation prior to and after the surgery. Results. Mean follow up period was 21,4±2,6 months. Successful two-stage treatment was performed in two (15,4%) out of 13 patients with periprosthetic infection. In 5 cases (38,5%) control over infection was achieved by resection arthroplasty, and in one case (7,7%) – by arthrodesis. Five patients (38,5%) refused from interchange of spacer to prosthesis. Mean Harris Hip score demonstrated insignificant increase postoperatively — from 45,3±2,2 to 52,2±4,15 (р = 0,2). Conclusion. Despite following the international protocols for treatment of implant-associated infection the infection recurrence rate in HIV-positive patients in the asymptomatic phase remains very high. Efficiency of twostage treatment using antibacterial spacers in the present group of patients amounted only to 15,4%.
Analisis Kasus Pencurian Listrik Menggunakan Proses Stochastic Pada Lingkungan Terpasang Smart Metering
Authors: Sony Arya 
Published: December 2019

Menggunakan metode deteksi yang presisi pada kasus pencurian listrik merupakan pekerjaan yang mustahil dilakukan. Hal ini disebabkan karena adanya satu variabel yang bernilai ekonomi tinggi yang diperlukan agar perhitungan mungkin untuk dilakukan, yaitu variabel jarak penghantar. Dengan memasukkan proses stokastik ke dalam persamaan deteksi pencurian listrik akan banyak mengurangi pekerjaan PLN dalam mengimplementasikan Sistem Smart Metering. Smart Metering adalah Perangkat IoT yang dapat merekam jumlah konsumsi listrik pelanggan yang terpasang pada masing-masing meteran listrik pelanggan PLN. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa dengan menggunakan proses stochastik tidak mengurangi akurasi Sistem Smart Metering dan hanya menunjukkan kesalahan rata-rata 1,19E-07%. Penemuan ini sangat diperlukan karena dengan diacaknya variabel jarak penghantar maka pekerjaan implementasi Smart Metering menjadi lebih mudah karena tidak harus memasukkan nilai jarak penghantar ke setiap perangkat.
Developing Analytic Geometry Module and Cooperative Learning Models to Improve Critical Thinking Ability
Authors: - Syafari , Manurung Nurliani 
Published: December 2019

The third phase of the planned three-year research objected to test and to justify the results of the development of the Analytic Geometry module and cooperative learning models assisted with Macromedia flash animation to improve students’ critical thinking skills. Research subjects were students of the Study Program: Mathematics and Mathematics Education, University of State Medan, and Mathematics Education at Muslim Nusantara University, Alwashliyah Medan. This study used developmental research oriented to product development that refers to the 4-D model, which was defining, designing, developing, and disseminating. This third stage produced analytic geometry modules and cooperative learning models supported by Macromedia flash animation as well as instruments of critical thinking skills and positive attitudes toward the justified learning modules and models. These learning modules and models were arranged in the form of lecturer manuals and student books (modules).
STUDI KANDUNGAN LOGAM BERAT TIMBAL (Pb) DAN CADMIUM (Cd) DALAM KERANG HIJAU (PERNA VIRIDIS) DI MUARA SUNGAI TALLO KOTA MAKASSAR TAHUN 2016
Authors: Hidayat Awaluddin , Zainal Ana Utami 
Published: December 2019

Kerang adalah salah satu sumber protein hewani yang sering dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat. Muara Sungai Tallo merupakan tempat bertemunya aliran air sungai dan beberapa anak sungai di Makassar. Selain sebagai sumber air masyarakat setempat juga menjadi tempat pembuangan air limbah baik ditingkat rumah tangga, pertanian, perhotelan maupun industri besar. Namun di lain sisi, merupakan daerah penangkapan kerang-kerangan tanpa menyadari bahwa kerang tersebut telah tercemar logam berat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan logam Pb dan Cd pada Perna Viridis yang berasal disekitar Muara Sungai Tallo yang terdiri dari tiga stasiun pengamatan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah observasional dengan menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif analitik. Populasinya adalah semua kerang yang ada di sekitar Muara Sungai Tallo Kota Makassar. Sampel yakni kerang Perna Viridis. Sampel kerang terlebih dahulu dipanaskan sampai mengering, kemudian dihaluskan dan diperiksa menggunakan Spektrofotometer Serapan Atom (SSA) Varian A.50 di Laboratorium Balai Pengkajian Tekhnologi Pertanian (BPTP) di Kabupaten Maros Sulawesi Selatan. Hasilnya dibandingkan dengan standar batas maksimum cemaran logam dalam makanan berdasarkan SK Direktorat Jendral POM No. HK.00.06.1.52.4011. Hasil penelitian menunjukan kandungan logam Pb dari tiga stasiun adalah 1.2 mg/Kg berat kering sampel (BKS); 1,6 mg/Kg BKS; dan 1,4 mg/Kg BKS Kandungan logam Cd yakni 1.2 mg/Kg BKS; 0,8 mg/Kg BKS; dan 1.0 mg/KG BKS, dari hasil pengukuran logam Pb terdapat satu stasiun yang melebihi Nilai Ambang Batas yakni 1.6 mg/Kg BKS, kandungan ini melebihi NAB Pb logam dalam makanan yang diperbolehkan yakni 1,5 mg/Kg BKS. Adapun kandungan logam Cd salah satu stasiun melebihi batas cemaran logam yakni 1.2 mg/Kg BKS, kandungana ini melebih NAB timbal Cd dalam makanan yang diperbolehkan yakni 1,0 mg/Kg BKS. Maka diperlukan usaha penanganan secara berkelanjutan dan terus-menerus di segala lini baik dari pemerintah, masyarakat hingga pelaku industri. Untuk menekan tingkat pencemaran khususnya di Muara Sungai Tallo.
FORMULASI DAN PEMANFAATAN TANAMAN OBAT
Authors: Fitriani Fitriani , Sherly Sherly 
Published: December 2019

Tanaman obat dapat dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat Indonesia untuk mencegah, menjaga dan mengobati segala macam penyakit. Pemanfaatan tanaman obat sudah dilakukan oleh masyarakat Indonesia sejak dahulu kala sampai saat ini, bahkan ada kecendrungan yang meningkat untuk menggunakan tanaman obat herbal ini karena efek sampingnya yang relatif kecil dibanding obat sintetis bahan kimia. Tujuan pengabdian ini untuk memberikan ilmu pengetahuan kepada wali murid TK Aisyiah desa Setu Serpong mengenai tanaman obat yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai alternatif pencegahan dan pengobatan penyakit serta memberikan edukasi bagaimana membuat formulasi yang tepat sehingga obat herbal tersebut dapat bermanfaat secara optimal. Sedangkan manfaatnya diharapkan memberikan efek yang positif dan meningkatkan daya guna dari tanaman obat yang ada dilingkungan. Metode yang digunakan dalam melaksanakan kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah metode ceramah, tanya jawab, diskusi dan praktek. Langkah-langkah nya adalah ceramah, menjelaskan materi yang ada pada leaflet yang sudah dibagikan sebelum kegiatan, dilanjutkan dengan praktek membuat obat dengan formulasi yang tepat terakhir mendiskusikan hasil kegiatan. Berdasarkan pengamatan selama kegiatan diperoleh hasil yang positif yaitu peserta menunjukkan perhatian yang tinggi terhadap materi yang disampaikan, sangat aktif bertanya dan mengungkapkan masalah-masalah yang dialaminya selama ini tentang berbagai penyakit yang bisa diobati dengan tanaman obat herbal. Hasil dari kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah bertambahnya ilmu pengetahuan peserta tentang tanaman obat yang secara aman dapat dimanfaatkan untuk mencegah dan mengobati berbagai penyakit dan terampil membuat formula obat yang tepat sehingga diperoleh manfaat yang lebih optimal untuk kesehatan tubuh.
MENYOROTI SEJARAH PERJUANGAN BANGSA DALAM MENINGKATKAN NASIONALISME SISWA PENDIDIKAN DASAR DI DAERAH PERBATASAN KALIMANTAN BARAT DAN KALIMANTAN UTARA
Authors: Yanti Prima Gusti , Ibrahim Nini 
Published: December 2019

Kurangnya pemahaman siswa tentang sejarah perjuangan bangsa merupakan salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi sikap nasionalisme. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyoroti sejarah perjuangan bangsa dalam meningkatkan nasionalisme bagi siswa pendidikan dasar di daerah perbatasan negara, Kalimantan Barat dan Kalimantan Utara. Penelitian ini akan menggunakan metode kuantitatif dan kualitatif untuk mengolah data tentang rasa nasionalisme peserta didik di SD dan SMP di wilayah perbatasan Provinsi Kalimantan Barat dengan Malaysia. Proses pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini melalui kuesioner dan wawancara.Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terkait dengan sejarah perjuangan bangsa setiap sekolah secara umum masih perlu ditingkatkan dengan optimal. Kepala sekolah harus memiliki langkah-langkah nyata untuk meningkatkan pemahaman ini, sehingga terbentuk rasa nasionalisme yang tinggi. Guru-guru disekolah sudah melakukan tugas dan tanggung jawab mengajar sesuai dengan kurikulum yang ditetapkan. Akan tetapi, untuk daerah-daerah perbatasan masih memerlukan tindakan-tindakan khusus agar nasionalisme siswa menjadi tinggi.Untuk menunjang peningkatan rasa nasionalisme yang tinggi, diperlukan bahan ajar atau materi yang terkait dengan sejarah perjuangan bangsa, sehingga terbentuk rasa nasionalisme yang tinggi. Bahan ajar tersebut merupakan suplemen untuk kurikulum utama (Kurikulum 2013) yang ada di tanah air saat ini.