bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NT-pro-BNP as marker for cardiac strain that may be caused by high-output arteriovenous shunting in a haemodialysis patient. A case report
Authors: Wärja Michaela , Laveborn Emelie , Ott Michael , Jonsson Andreas P. , Stegmayr Bernd 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
An arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is the first choice when considering access for haemodialysis (HD). When a forearm AVF fails an upper arm AVF is a frequent subsequent dialysis access option. The latter may cause cardiac strain. NT-pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-NT-proBNP) is a marker used to estimate volume overload and cardiac strain.
This case report shows the benefit of using longitudinal individual follow-up of pre-dialysis NT-proBNP in clinical practice to detect changes in cardiac condition that may be due to high-output AVF.

Case presentation
An 18 years old patient performed HD via an upper arm AVF before he was admitted to our unit. NT-proBNP was above the upper detection level of 70,000 ng/L. Echocardiography revealed a left-ventricular cardiac insufficiency. Interdialytic weight gain (IDWG) was above 5%. He was instructed to lower fluid intake and IDWG towards 2%. Four months later NT-proBNP surpassed 70,000 ng/L again. Flow in the brachial artery was at 3034 ml/min. Reconstructive surgery of the AVF did not reduce flow and NT-proBNP in the long run. Clinically, he worsened to NYHA class III-IV. It was decided to close the upper arm AVF and to replace it with a lower arm AVF leading to a reduced artery flow of 1344 mL/min. The clinical condition successively recovered and NT-proBNP decreased to 7000 ng/L.

Conclusions
Pre-dialysis NT-proBNP should be considered as a suitable routine marker for cardiac strain such as caused by high-output AVF besides variables such as IDWG. Brachial artery flow besides AVF flow measurement is helpful.
Radiology in the era of value-based healthcare: a multi-society expert statement from the ACR, CAR, ESR, IS3R, RANZCR, and RSNA
Authors: Brady Adrian P. , Bello Jaqueline A. , Derchi Lorenzo E. , Fuchsjäger Michael , Goergen Stacy , Krestin Gabriel P. , Lee Emil J. Y. , Levin David C. , Pressacco Josephine , Rao Vijay M. , Slavotinek John , Visser Jacob J. , Walker Richard E. A. , Brink James A. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
The Value-Based Healthcare (VBH) concept is designed to improve individual healthcare outcomes without increasing expenditure, and is increasingly being used to determine resourcing of and reimbursement for medical services. Radiology is a major contributor to patient and societal healthcare at many levels. Despite this, some VBH models do not acknowledge radiology’s central role; this may have future negative consequences for resource allocation.

Methods, findings and interpretation
This multi-society paper, representing the views of Radiology Societies in Europe, the USA, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand, describes the place of radiology in VBH models and the healthcare value contributions of radiology. Potential steps to objectify and quantify the value contributed by radiology to healthcare are outlined.
The long road to recovery: at six months since the first COVID-19 wave, elective orthopedic care has still not fully recovered in Belgium
Authors: Tan Y. N. , Vandekerckhove PJ. , Verdonk P 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Purpose
The primary aim of our study was to investigate elective orthopaedic care during the first wave government-imposed COVID-19 lockdown and at four weeks and 21 weeks after resuming elective care. The secondary aim of our study was to evaluate the implementation of the European Society of Sports Traumatology, Knee Surgery and Arthroscopy (ESSKA) COVID-19 Guidelines and Recommendations for Resuming Elective Surgery in the clinical practice of Belgian knee surgeons.

Methods
We sent three anonymous online surveys to 102 Belgian Knee Society members (BKS) at times mentioned above. Addressed topics were: (1) participant demographics, (2) elective surgeries, (3) outpatient visits, (4) ESSKA Guidelines, (5) patient and surgeon safety.

Results
During the COVID-19 lockdown, there was a decrease of 97% in elective knee surgeries and 91% in outpatient visits. At four and 21 weeks after resuming elective care, volumes were respectively 67% and 89% for elective surgeries and 81% and 91% for outpatient visits. Regarding ESSKA guidelines, 91% of surgeons had no COVID-19 testing prior to resuming elective care. Ninety-two per cent reported preoperative (< 72 h) patient PCR testing, and 45% gave preference to young patients without comorbidities. Seventy-two per cent did not use additional personal protective equipment (PPE) if a patient PCR test was negative. Forty-nine per cent continued to give preference to general anaesthesia.

Conclusion
Our study shows that elective surgeries and outpatient visits were almost completely interrupted during the COVID-19 lockdown and were still below normal at four and 21 weeks after resuming elective care. Regarding ESSKA COVID-19 guidelines, our study observes good compliance in preoperative patient COVID-19 testing, but lower compliance for preoperative health care personnel testing, patient selection, use of PPE, and locoregional anaesthesia.

Level of Evidence
V
Open-source geospatial tools and technologies for urban and environmental studies
Authors: Mobasheri Amin , Pirotti Francesco , Agugiaro Giorgio 
Published: December 2020

AbstractOpen geospatial data and tools are an increasingly important paradigm offering the opportunity to promote the democratization of geographical information, the transparency of governments and institutions, as well as social, economic and environmental opportunities. During the past decade, developments in the area of open geospatial data and open-source geospatial software have greatly improved. Many parts of the research community believe that combining free and open software, open data, as well as open standards, leads to the creation of a sustainable ecosystem to accelerate new discoveries to help solve global cross-disciplinary societal challenges, from climate change mitigation to sustainable cities. The consistent prevalence of open source GIS studies motivated this thematic collection. The contributions are divided into two main categories. In the first category, seven concrete studies on open-source tools and technologies for urban and environmental studies are briefly presented. Each one has been implemented for and applied to a certain use case, and at the same time it may be applied to other use cases due to the reproducibility nature of open source software. The second category presents and discusses the usability of open source geospatial solutions for laser scanning technology and its applications.
Confidence intervals by constrained optimization—An algorithm and software package for practical identifiability analysis in systems biology
Authors: Borisov Ivan , Metelkin Evgeny 
Published: December 2020

Practical identifiability of Systems Biology models has received a lot of attention in recent scientific research. It addresses the crucial question for models’ predictability: how accurately can the models’ parameters be recovered from available experimental data. The methods based on profile likelihood are among the most reliable methods of practical identification. However, these methods are often computationally demanding or lead to inaccurate estimations of parameters’ confidence intervals. Development of methods, which can accurately produce parameters’ confidence intervals in reasonable computational time, is of utmost importance for Systems Biology and QSP modeling.
We propose an algorithm Confidence Intervals by Constraint Optimization (CICO) based on profile likelihood, designed to speed-up confidence intervals estimation and reduce computational cost. The numerical implementation of the algorithm includes settings to control the accuracy of confidence intervals estimates. The algorithm was tested on a number of Systems Biology models, including Taxol treatment model and STAT5 Dimerization model, discussed in the current article.
The CICO algorithm is implemented in a software package freely available in Julia (https://github.com/insysbio/LikelihoodProfiler.jl) and Python (https://github.com/insysbio/LikelihoodProfiler.py).
Performance of real-time PCR and immunofluorescence assay for diagnosis of Pneumocystis pneumonia in real-world clinical practice
Authors: Chotiprasitsakul Darunee , Pewloungsawat Pataraporn , Setthaudom Chavachol , Santanirand Pitak , Pornsuriyasak Prapaporn 
Published: December 2020

BackgroundPCR is more sensitive than immunofluorescence assay (IFA) for detection ofPneumocystis jirovecii. However, PCR cannot always distinguish infection from colonization. This study aimed to compare the performance of real-time PCR and IFA for diagnosis ofP.jiroveciipneumonia (PJP) in a real-world clinical setting.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted at a 1,300-bed hospital between April 2017 and December 2018. Patients whose respiratory sample (bronchoalveolar lavage or sputum) were tested by bothPneumocystisPCR and IFA were included. Diagnosis of PJP was classified based on multicomponent criteria. Sensitivity, specificity, 95% confidence intervals (CI), and Cohen's kappa coefficient were calculated.ResultsThere were 222 eligible patients. The sensitivity and specificity of PCR was 91.9% (95% CI, 84.0%–96.7%) and 89.7% (95% CI, 83.3%–94.3%), respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of IFA was 7.0% (95% CI, 2.6%–14.6%) and 99.2% (95% CI, 95.6%–100.0%), respectively. The percent agreement between PCR and IFA was 56.7% (Cohen's kappa -0.02). Among discordant PCR-positive and IFA-negative samples, 78% were collected after PJP treatment. Clinical management would have changed in 14% of patients using diagnostic information, mainly based on PCR results.ConclusionsPCR is highly sensitive compared with IFA for detection of PJP. Combining clinical, and radiological features with PCR is useful for diagnosis of PJP, particularly when respiratory specimens cannot be promptly collected before initiation of PJP treatment.
Estudo da manutenção de equipamentos de uma usina de etanol sob a metodologia MCC (manutençâo centrada na confiabilidade)
Authors: Silva Elias Tadeu da , Piratelli Claudio Luis , Achcar Jorge Alberto 
Published: December 2020

A manutenção e a sua gestão possuem uma importância substancial na busca de vantagem competitiva para as empresas. Por isso, a análise de confiabilidade de seus equipamentos é parte fundamental para a definição da estratégia de manutenção mais adequada. O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar por meio da metodologia MCC (Manutenção Centrada na Confiabilidade) a curva do ciclo de vida de uma usina de cana de açúcar localizada na região central do Estado de São Paulo e desta forma responder se a atual estratégia é a mais adequada para o gerenciamento da sua manutenção. O método de pesquisa utilizado foi baseado na modelagem estatística aplicada aos tempos entre falhas (TBF) e aos tempos de reparo (TTR) de todos os equipamentos industriais que paralisam a operação da moenda, ou seja, a interrupção na linha de produção. Estes tempos foram modelados por uma distribuição de probabilidade de Weibull e os resultados mostram que dentre as estratégias utilizadas pela usina, o uso intensivo da manutenção preventiva sem um critério definido para vários tipos de manutenção (emergencial, preventiva, corretiva e preditiva) durante a safra não é adequado. Como a análise estatística identificou, historicamente estes equipamentos se encontram na fase de mortalidade infantil do ciclo de vida útil, portanto sugere-se eliminar a causa raiz das falhas utilizando estratégias mais apropriadas e recomendadas pela literatura como as manutenções corretivas e emergenciais.
Towards a homological generalization of the direct summand theorem
Authors: Vélez-Caicedo Juan Diego , Gómez-Ramírez Danny Arlen de Jesús 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We present a more general homological characterization of the direct summand theorem (DST). Specifically, we state two new conjectures: the socle-parameter conjecture (SPC) in its weak and strong forms. We give a proof for the weak form by showing that it is equivalent to the DST. Furthermore, we prove the SPC in its strong form for the case when the multiplicity of the parameters is smaller than or equal to two. Finally, we present a new proof of the DST in the equicharacteristic case, based on the techniques thus developed.
Birinci Dünya Savaşı’nda Doğu Cephesinin Lojistik Organizasyonu: 3. Menzil Müfettişliği
Authors: ÇELOĞLU Yavuz Selim 
Published: December 2020

Tarihin her döneminde orduların lojistik ihtiyaçlarının yeterince karşılanması ve bütünleme hizmetlerinin sorunsuz bir şekilde yürütülmesi harplerin gidişatına doğrudan tesir etmiştir. Bu durum, I. Dünya Savaşı gibi ordu mevcudunun milyonlara ulaştığı ve lojistik ihtiyaçların çoğalıp farklılaştığı bir dönemde daha da önem kazanmıştır. Çağın gereksinimlerine uygun olarak modern bir geri hizmet sistemi kurmayı amaçlayan Osmanlı Devleti, Balkan Savaşları öncesinde Alman lojistik sistemini esas alarak yeni bir geri hizmet organizasyonu oluşturmaya çalışmıştır. Menzil Teşkilatı adı verilen bu yeni sistem, ilk olarak Balkan Savaşları’nda uygulamaya konulmuş; ancak, sistemin işleyiş ve uygulanışına vakıf yeterli personel bulunmadığından menzil sistemi bu ilk sınavında başarısız olmuştur.
I. Dünya Savaşının başlamasıyla Menzil Teşkilatı, yürürlükte bulunan 1911 tarihli Menzil Nizamnamesine göre yeniden ihdas edilmiştir. Böylece her ordunun her türlü lojistik ihtiyacı, ordu harekât alanının hemen gerisinde teşkil edilen Menzil Müfettişliklerince karşılanmıştır.
Bu çalışma, Doğu cephesinde Ruslara karşı mücadele eden 3. Ordunun bütünleme faaliyetlerini gerçekleştiren 3. Menzil Müfettişliğinin kuruluşu, idari yapısı ve işleyişini konu edinmiştir. Çalışmanın konusu, harbin başlangıcından 18 Aralık 1917 tarihli Erzincan Mukavelenamesinin imzalanmasına kadar geçen süre ile sınırlandırılmıştır.
Chronology of geomorphological changes in a cantabrian mountain valley over the last 20,000 years.
Authors: Pisabarro Alfonso , Serrano Cañadas Enrique 
Published: December 2020

This is an in-depth study of a mixed deposit of terrace and alluvial fan in a valley of the Cantabrian Mountains that aims to characterize environmental conditions during the period following the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) at the end of the Pleistocene and the entire Holocene, including human influence to the present day. In this perspective, the lithostratigraphy of different layers was described, the granulometric analysis performed in situ and in the laboratory, the organic bulk sediment dated by radiocarbon and weight, and other empirical studies, such as paleomagnetism were performed. The results reveal a temporal sequence of deposition from around 19.4 ky BP to the present showing different sedimentary environments. Paleoclimatical scientific literature in sorrounding areas complemented the interpretation of the results e.g. pleistocene glaciers, speleothems, palynology and geomorphology. We conclude a completely diferent evolution of studied section between Late-Pleistocene and Holocene. Bottom layers, composed of coarse boulders, are interpreted in the context of a second glacial push after the Local Last Glacial Maximum under conditions of torrentiality. In the upper layers, in the Holocene, there was an increase in sedimentation from slopes through alluvial and colluvial cones, and rivers lost their capacity to transport these sediments. Important environmental changes in the Middle Holocene, 5.5 ky BP, were detected with possible evidence of human action. A decrease from that moment in the deposited sediment caliber was verified.
Different Methods of Food Preparation affect the Glycation Markers of Commonly Consumed Food Samples and Antioxidant Potential of Erythrocytes
Authors: Tupe Rashmi S. , Bangar Nilima S. , Deshpande Prajakta A. , Gavanepatil Sanskruti A. 
Published: December 2020

Background: The advanced glycation end products (AGEs) interfere with the normal functioning of the protein, alter the enzyme activity leads to the development of diabetic complications. Food is an exogenous source of AGEs. The long term processes like storing and cooking lead to an elevated level of AGEs content in them. The elevated AGEs are responsible for the generation of oxidative stress and inflammation in a cellular environment. The present study aims to determine the glycation potency of commonly consumed foods samples and evaluate the effect of various food preparation methods on glycation content and its impact on healthy erythrocytes.Methods: In this investigation from December 2017 to April 2018, Aqueous extracts of 29 food samples were tested for their glycation potency using glycation markers (fructosamine, free thiol groups, â-amyloid content, AOPP). Erythrocytes were treated with food extracts and their antioxidant indices (FRAP, catalase) were determined. Result: The result shows that protein-rich food had maximum levels of glycation as compared to carbohydrate and fat-rich food. The study indicated that cooking methods like (frying, roasting, baking and boiling) have a different effect on the glycation indices of the food. The food samples cooked by frying method had increased glycation content (p less than 0.001) and deleterious cellular effect.
Comparative Study of Biogas Production from Cocoa Pod, Maize Husk, Orange Peels, Pineapple Peels and Coconut Fiber Co-Digested with Yeast
Authors: Enaboifo M.A. , Adadu C.A. 
Published: December 2020

Background: The demand and cost of domestic energy in Nigeria are on the increase, primarily due to the increasing human population and demand. This is compounded by desertification, increasing the cost of electricity, industrialization, lack of alternative such as solar, wind and nuclear energy.This study was conducted to compare the potential of biogas produced from anaerobic co-digestion of coconut fibre, cocoa pods, maize husk, orange peels, pineapple peels and yeast and to determine the effect of pH and retention time on biogas yield. Methods: During the experiment, five batch reactors/digesters were used. The digesters were labeled A,B,C,D, E and each replicated three times. Digester A consist of 2g of yeast, 4g of coconut fibre, digester B consist of 2g of yeast, 4g of cocoa pods, digester C consist of 2g of yeast, 4g of maize husk, digester D consist of 2g of yeast, 4g of orange peels and digester E consist of 2g of yeast, 4g of pineapple peels. The pH was determined before corking the reactors. Result: The results showed significant differences among the different substrate for biogas yield and methane component. Biodegradability of the different substrate, quality and retention time significantly affected the biogas yield in the five digesters. Digester loaded with maize husk produced significantly higher volume of biogas and methane component compared with other substrate. Increase in biogas yield for maize husk of 4g was 23.33ml with methane component of 61.78% for the 10 days hydraulic retention time. The retention time of 4, 5, 6 and 8 days significantly produced the highest volume of biogas in the other digesters. Based on the findings, maize husk and yeast blend could be a rich source of renewable energy option and would help arrest ecological disaster in addition to control of deforestation.
Impact of Fruit Bagging with Different Coloured Non-woven Polypropylene Bags on Yield Attributes in Grapes
Authors: Kiran A.S. , Kavitha C. , Soorianathasundaram K. , Sritharan N. 
Published: December 2020

Background: Grape is one of the important cash crops cultivated in India. The grape bunches during growth stages are adversely affected by various biotic and abiotic factors which in turn affects the yield and quality. In addition, high usage of agrochemicals in grape cultivation increased concern over pesticide residues among consumers. Therefore, an alternative technique of fruit bagging to enhance the yield and quality as well as to minimize pest and disease infestation is emphasized. Bagging of grape bunches also aids in preventing the agrochemicals entry into the fruits. Methods: A field experiment was conducted to study the impact of fruit bagging on yield attributes in grape cv. Muscat Hamburg at Coimbatore during winter (August - December, 2018) and summer seasons (January - May, 2019). The grape clusters were covered with non-woven UV stabilized polypropylene bags of different colours viz., blue, white, yellow, red and green immediately after fruit set and were removed before harvest. The unbagged clusters were treated as control. Result: In the present study, the grape clusters covered with white colour non-woven UV stabilized polypropylene bags was found to be superior for yield attributes viz., bunch weight (255.03 g and 294.80 g), berry diameter (15.39 mm and 15.97 mm), berry weight (4.30 g and 4.85 g), pulp weight (3.88 g and 4.44 g), peel weight (0.28 g and 0.31 g) and yield per vine (7.7 kg and 8.8 kg) in both summer and winter season crops respectively. Hence, the present study emphasizes that fruit bagging improves the yield attributes in grapes.
Effect of Replacement of Sugar with Jaggery Powder on Sensory and Nutritional Quality of Shrikhand
Authors: Sonwane R.S. , Sonkamble S.B. 
Published: December 2020

Background: The recent market trend of Diabetic products is increasing very fast due to awareness in consumers about the benefits of the products for sound health. It is estimated that around 8-12% of the global population buys diabetic products on regular basis. Shrikhand is fermented dairy product prepared by blending chakka, a semi-solid mass obtained after draining whey from dahi, with sugar, and other ingredients. In the preparation process of both sugar and Jaggary powder, sweeteners are different. While manufacturing White Sugar, harmful chemicals like Phosphoric acid, Sulfur Dioxide, Calcium Hydroxide, Polyacrylamide and Bone Char are used. Jaggery is far better than white sugar, Jaggery is far better than white sugar, because of its nutritional significance of sucrose (C12H22O11), with traces of mineral salts, iron, and some fiber. Shrikhand is a highly refreshing and energy dense dairy dessert due to its high fat, protein and carbohydrates content. Hence, the current study aimed at evaluating the effect of Jaggery powder on the sensory quality and Nutritional quality of shrikhand in order to manage and control eating calorie-rich food like sugar increases the risk of diabetes.Method: In this study Laboratory investigation during 2019-2020 conducted. The experiment was carried out in the Department of Dairy science Research Centre, Yeshwant Mahavidyalaya Nanded, MS. To utilize jaggery powder in place of sugar, value added shrikhand prepared by replacing 45 % sugar replaced with three levels of sugar i.e. 31, 41, and 51% Jaggery powder was used and study was laid in Completely Randomized Design with three replication. The effect of all treated samples and their interaction were studied on the sensory quality of Shrikhand. Conclusion: In present investigation the effect of Jaggery powder on the sensory and nutritional quality of value added Shrikhand was studied, on the basis of sensory and chemical qualities. There was a significant difference (P less than 0.05) in overall acceptability scores observed between all treatment combinations. Higher acceptability score (7.99) indicating superior acceptability among experimental samples. The mean liking was in the following trend: SO greater than S2 greater than S1 greater than S3 .The present work showed that Shrikhand (S2) prepared with 41% Jaggery powder had more acceptable quality characteristics among all the experimental samples. The nutritional parameters were significantly (p less than 0.05) differ except protein. It is acceptable that sugar can be replaced with Jaggery powder on an equal weight basis in preparation of shrikhand.