bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of 13 implementations of the software engineering management and engineering basic profile guide of ISO/IEC 29110 in very small entities using different life cycles
Authors: Muñoz Mirna , Peña Adriana , Mejía Jezreel , Gasca‐Hurtado Gloria Piedad , Gómez‐Alvarez María Clara , Laporte Claude Y. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe are living in an age of growing demand for software products. This growing demand creates opportunities for very small entities (VSEs) to not only survive but also flourish. In this context, VSEs need to produce high‐quality products to meet market needs. However, in their quest to produce high‐quality software, VSEs need to overcome the challenge of implementing international standards, which they find difficult to do because of lack of knowledge and practical experience. This paper provides an analysis performed to 13 teams of VSEs, using different life cycles, which achieved the implementation of the ISO/IEC 29110, to analyze the effort each team invests to implement the best practices provided by the standard. Besides, the paper provides an analysis of the difficulties, and the benefits of using the six‐step method are included. This analysis is of interest because software engineering knowledge developed by researchers should be transferred to the industry to reduce the gap between them. The results highlight, on the one hand, the practices representing more effort for teams by life cycle. On the other hand, the results highlight the six‐step method that allowed the 13 teams to achieve a high level of coverage of the ISO/IEC 29110 international standard.
Conceptual design between architects and engineers for the new Faculty of Architecture of the National University of Asuncion in Paraguay
Authors: Corres Enrique , Corvalan Joaquin , Martinez Yambay Guido , Corvalan Javier , Corres Hugo 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe collaboration with architects to develop the structural scheme of a project requires an iterative conceptual design process to create a solution that responds in the best possible way to the multiple demands of the architecture. A key aspect to improve this process is for the collaboration to start as early as possible. The best scenario would be when the engineer is involved in the conversation by the time the architects decide to participate in the competition or when they receive a project proposal from a client. Another important part of this collaboration is that both architects and engineers must be willing to understand and exploit all the possibilities that the other one has to offer. Lastly, the mutual trust is fundamental. In this paper the process followed for the definition of the structural concept of a complex building is presented, exemplified for the new Faculty of Architecture of the National University of Asuncion in Paraguay.
A review of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their substitutions in full‐scale wastewater treatment plants
Authors: Syafiuddin Achmad , Boopathy Raj 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) become a main contributor of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their substitutions present in freshwater systems. This paper reviews PAHs and their substitutions in full‐scale WWTPs including their fate and behaviors, analytical techniques, biological treatments, feasibility examination, and modeling. In addition, challenges and future outlook are also highlighted. This study found that PAHs and their substitutions have been detected in WWTPs. GC‐MS and HPLC analytical methods have been found to be acceptable for the detection and analysis of PAHs and their substitutions. Although some biological treatments such as activated sludge and membrane bioreactors are capable for the treatment process, their technical, social, economic, and environmental aspects must be considered. The fate and treatability estimator (FATE) model has been used for the modeling of removal of PAHs in full‐scale WWTPs, but in some cases their shortcoming has been reported, which calls for an evaluation and modification of the model based on physicochemical processes.
Demonstration of total coliforms and Escherichia coli in drinking water in the borough of the Plateau, city of Savè in Benin
Authors: Otekpo Lémonla Armel 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBenin is located in West Africa in the tropical zone between the equator and the Tropic of Cancer. The Plateau borough (city of Savè) in Benin faces problems of discontinuous access to drinking water due to its geographical location. This study focuses on the quality of drinking water available from source to final storage for domestic use. The Plateau borough has 23 hydraulic structures, 13 of which are non‐functional and 10 functional (in good condition), and seven of these were the subject of our study (water sampling at the source for bacteriological analysis). Quantitative data processing was reinforced by documentary research, socio‐anthropological surveys, qualitative data from field work, field analysis and laboratory bacteriological analysis on specimens collected during the study: water at the source, during transport, and storage. The sampling technique was divided into two parts: (a) choice of water points (type of structure); and (b) categories of actors submitted to the questionnaires. The results reveal that three types of hydraulic works serve as a source of drinking water for the population: Pumps with human propulsion; standpipes; and populations subscribed to the water distribution network of the Société Nationale des Eaux du Béni. Our analysis of 12 samples of water collected from pumps with human propulsion, standpipes and populations subscribed to the water distribution network found that 58.3% are drinkable and 41.6% are infected, and that links exist between water quality and poor human practices. The indices of infection of Escherichia coli and faecal coliform are all higher than the maximum value authorized by the World Health Organization, set at zero colony‐forming units per 100 ml of water (0 CFU/100 ml). Many problems which are confronted in Africa, including Benin, are a consequence of water supply problems, and the results of this study may be useful in the development of policies that could help improve the well‐being of communities. Recommendations are made on improving water quality management in Benin, including proposed actions for Municipal and Health Authorities.
Chronological variation in landing of Indian Major Carp (IMC) of Ganga River
Authors: Jha Dharm Nath , Alam Absar , Das Shyamal Chandra Sukla , Thakur Venkatesh Ramarao , Kumar Jeetendra , Gupta Monika , Srivastava Rama Shankar , Das Basant Kumar 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDuring its course of 2,525 km, the River Ganga flows through the variant topography, ecological, and environmental conditions that harbor huge range of floral, faunal, and fish diversity. The ecological condition and biodiversity of upper, middle, and lower stretches of the river are different from each other. Increases in anthropogenic activities on Ganga have resulted in a decrease in quality and quantity of its water, which ultimately led to change in its biodiversity. Menon (1974) listed 141 fish species occurring in the Ganga River system belonging to 72 genera, 30 families, and 11 orders. Recent studies reported 143 fish species from the River Ganga (Das et al., 2014; Sarkar et al., 2011) including cold water, freshwater, and estuarine fishes. In this article, a critical comparison is made on the availability of an important fish group, the Indian Major Carp (IMC), of the Ganga River during different decades, starting from 1956 and annual yield between 2005 and 2018. Average annual IMC landing during 1955–1967 was recorded as 90.85 ton, with maximum (131.3 ton) during 1964–1965 and minimum (54.0 ton) in the year 1958–1959. There was generally an increasing trend of IMC landing during 2005–2018, but it has reduced to one‐third in comparison to the time period of 1956–1967. The analysis shows that catch as well as species composition of IMC had been changed over the period of time due to changes in hydrological regime and ecology of the river. The reason in totality of this change is a focused theme of this paper.
Effects of rainfall variations on river channel transmission losses in a semi‐arid catchment
Authors: Mujere Never , Mazvimavi Dominic , Masocha Mhosisi , Makurira Hodson 
Published: July 2020

AbstractFlows along river reaches decrease in the downstream direction as a result of transmission losses. These losses are important in arid and semi‐arid regions where there is critical water scarcity. Poor quantification of losses compromises the quality of information useful for effective water resources management. This study determined the influence of rainfall variations on transmission loss trends along Runde River in Zimbabwe. Monthly rainfall and flow data from 2010 to 2014 were used in the analysis. Losses were estimated as the difference between reach inflow at an upstream station (E133) and outflow at the downstream station (E83). The Mann–Kendall trend test was applied to detect trends in losses and rainfall data during dry seasons (April–September) and wet seasons (October–March). Results show no significant increasing rainfall and transmission loss trends (S = 2, p > .1) during wet seasons. During dry seasons, rainfall show no significant decreasing trends (S = 4, p > .1) whereas losses show no trends (S = 0). Results also show no significant (p > .05) relationship between rainfall and losses during wet and dry seasons. This simple and quick approach can be applied in similar systems to understand the variations in transmission losses and address otherwise water resource challenges.
Drivers of Level of Adaptation to Climate Change in Smallholder Farming Systems in Southern Africa: A Multi-Level Modelling Approach
Authors: Zamasiya Byron , Nyikahadzoi Kefasi , Mukamuri Billy Billiard 
Published: July 2020

AbstractClimate change is a major development challenge affecting developing countries that rely on rain-fed agricultural production for food and income. Smallholder farmers in these countries are using multiple adaptation practices to manage the effects of climate change. This chapter examines household and community-level factors that influence smallholder farmers’ level of adaptation to climate change in the Hwedza District in Zimbabwe. Data for this study were collected from 400 randomly selected smallholder farmers, using a structured questionnaire, focus group discussions, and key informant interviews. The study used a multilevel modeling approach to examine the factors that influence smallholder farmers’ level of adaptation to climate change. Results from the study show that smallholder farmers’ level of adaptation to climate change is conditioned by access to extension services, access to remittances, family labor, household education (household level factors), and linking capital (community-level factor). This chapter therefore concludes that smallholder farmers that have higher levels of adaptation to climate change are those that are well linked to external organizations and have access to agricultural extension services. The chapter recommends that adaptation to climate change can be enhanced by improving access to agricultural extension services and promoting linkages with external organizations that provide information on agricultural adaptation practices.
Berufliche Infektion mit Trichophyton verrucosum bei einem Rinderzüchter
Authors: Schumny Uta , Wiegand Cornelia , Hipler Uta-Christina , Darr-Foit Susanne , Peckruhn Melanie , Uhrlaß Silke , Nenoff Pietro , Elsner Peter 
Published: July 2020

ZusammenfassungDie Kälberflechte ist eine durch Tiere übertragene Pilzinfektion, die berufsbedingt auftreten und nach Nr. 3102 BKV (Berufskrankheiten-Verordnung) als Berufskrankheit anerkannt werden kann. Die durch Trichophyton verrucosum ausgelöste Zoonose zeichnet sich häufig durch einen schweren klinischen Verlauf aus, der nicht selten als bakterielle Infektion fehlgedeutet und primär antibiotisch behandelt wird. Die Gewinnung und mykologische Untersuchung von Schuppenmaterial ist diagnostisch entscheidend; auch eine Biopsie kann wegweisend sein. Die orale Therapie erfolgt leitliniengemäß mit Terbinafin. Zudem ist zum Schutz vor Reinfektionen auf besondere Hygienemaßnahmen in Ställen zu achten.
Langfristige Abheilung eines therapierefraktären Ulcus cruris venosum nach kruraler Fasziektomie und Spalthauttransplantation
Authors: Kleinhans Monika , Stoffels Ingo , Dissemond Joachim 
Published: July 2020

ZusammenfassungBei einer 59-jährigen adipösen Patientin bestand seit 1986 ein schmerzhaftes, chronisches Ulcus cruris. Wir stellten die Diagnose eines Ulcus cruris venosum bei funktioneller chronischer venöser Insuffizienz im Rahmen der Adipositas per magna (Dependency-Syndrom) und arthrogenem Stauungssyndrom bei Immobilität. Obwohl in der Vergangenheit bereits eine Krossektomie und Stripping der V. saphena magna und mehrfach eine Shave-Therapie mit Spalthauttransplantation nach entsprechender Wundgrundkonditionierung erfolgten, persistierte die Wunde. Bei therapierefraktärem Verlauf und hohem Leidensdruck mit ausgeprägten Schmerzen war es 2012 der Wunsch der Patientin, das Bein zu amputieren. Als Alternative zu der Amputation führten wir eine krurale Fasziektomie durch und nach erfolgter Wundgrundkonditionierung mittels 2 Zyklen einer Vakuumtherapie eine anschließende Versorgung des Defektes mit einer Spalthaut in Mesh-graft-Technik. Die Operation verlief ohne Komplikationen, und die Haut heilte vollständig ein. Bei der aktuellen Wiedervorstellung 7 Jahre nach dem Eingriff zeigte sich trotz weiterhin bestehender Adipositas per magna und Immobilität eine vollständige Heilung des zuvor therapierefraktären Ulcus cruris venosum. Dieser Fallbericht zeigt eindrucksvoll, dass insbesondere bei ansonsten therapierefraktären Verläufen des Ulcus cruris venosum eine krurale Fasziektomie erwogen werden kann.
Cost and quality-of-life impacts of community treatment orders (CTOs) for patients with psychosis: economic evaluation of the OCTET trial
Authors: Simon Judit , Mayer Susanne , Łaszewska Agata , Rugkåsa Jorun , Yeeles Ksenija , Burns Tom , Gray Alastair 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPurposeCurrent RCT and meta-analyses have not found any effect of community treatment orders (CTOs) on hospital or social outcomes. Assumed positive impacts of CTOs on quality-of-life outcomes and reduced hospital costs are potentially in conflict with patient autonomy. Therefore, an analysis of the cost and quality-of-life consequences of CTOs was conducted within the OCTET trial.MethodsThe economic evaluation was carried out comparing patients (n = 328) with psychosis discharged from involuntary hospitalisation either to treatment under a CTO (CTO group) or voluntary status via Section 17 leave (non-CTO group) from the health and social care and broader societal perspectives (including cost implication of informal family care and legal procedures). Differences in costs and outcomes defined as quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) based on the EQ-5D-3L or capability-weighted life years (CWLYs) based on the OxCAP-MH were assessed over 12 months (£, 2012/13 tariffs).ResultsMean total costs from the health and social care perspective [CTO: £35,595 (SD: £44,886); non-CTO: £36,003 (SD: £41,406)] were not statistically significantly different in any of the analyses or cost categories. Mental health hospitalisation costs contributed to more than 85% of annual health and social care costs. Informal care costs were significantly higher in the CTO group, in which there were also significantly more manager hearings and tribunals. No difference in health-related quality of life or capability wellbeing was found between the groups.ConclusionCTOs are unlikely to be cost-effective. No evidence supports the hypothesis that CTOs decrease hospitalisation costs or improve quality of life. Future decisions should consider impacts outside the healthcare sector such as higher informal care costs and legal procedure burden of CTOs.
OnabotulinumtoxinA is a well tolerated and effective treatment for refractory overactive bladder in real-world practice
Authors: Hamid Rizwan , Lorenzo-Gomez Maria-Fernanda , Schulte-Baukloh Heinrich , Boroujerdi Amin , Patel Anand , Farrelly Elisabeth 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Introduction and hypothesis
In randomized clinical trials onabotulinumtoxinA was demonstrated to be an effective and well-tolerated treatment for overactive bladder (OAB) with urinary incontinence (UI). However, data reporting onabotulinumtoxinA use in everyday clinical practice are limited. Here, we present the results from a large, first-of-its-kind real-world study in patients with OAB.

Methods
This was a prospective, observational, multinational study (GRACE; ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02161159) performed in four European countries. Patients (N = 504) aged ≥ 18 years with OAB inadequately managed with ≥ 1 anticholinergic received onabotulinumtoxinA per their physician’s normal clinical practice.

Results
Physicians primarily used rigid cystoscopes for onabotulinumtoxinA injection; anesthesia/analgesia was utilized during most treatment procedures. Significant reductions in UI episodes/day from baseline to weeks 1 and 12 were observed as well as in micturition, urgency, and nocturia episodes/day. These improvements in urinary symptoms corresponded to higher scores on the treatment benefit scale at week 12. The use of other OAB medications dropped from baseline to weeks 1 and 12 and was sustained to week 52, which paralleled a reduction in the number of incontinence products used during that time frame. Adverse reactions were reported in 2.6% of patients throughout the study.

Conclusions
In this real-world study, significant improvements in urinary symptoms were seen following onabotulinumtoxinA treatment as early as week 1 and sustained to at least week 12. This was accompanied by a reduced reliance upon incontinence products and reduction in concomitant OAB medication use. OnabotulinumtoxinA was well tolerated with no new safety signals.
Calcium oxalate crystal deposition in the kidney: identification, causes and consequences
Authors: Geraghty R. , Wood K. , Sayer J. A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCalcium oxalate (CaOx) crystal deposition within the tubules is often a perplexing finding on renal biopsy of both native and transplanted kidneys. Understanding the underlying causes may help diagnosis and future management. The most frequent cause of CaOx crystal deposition within the kidney is hyperoxaluria. When this is seen in native kidney biopsy, primary hyperoxaluria must be considered and investigated further with biochemical and genetic tests. Secondary hyperoxaluria, for example due to enteric hyperoxaluria following bariatric surgery, ingested ethylene glycol or vitamin C overdose may also cause CaOx deposition in native kidneys. CaOx deposition is a frequent finding in renal transplant biopsy, often as a consequence of acute tubular necrosis and is associated with poorer long-term graft outcomes. CaOx crystal deposition in the renal transplant may also be secondary to any of the causes associated with this phenotype in the native kidney. The pathophysiology underlying CaOx deposition is complex but this histological phenotype may indicate serious underlying pathology and should always warrant further investigation.
Pre‐operative Imaging Characteristics in Histology‐Proven Resected Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Cheng Nicole , Khoo Nathanelle , Chung Alexander Y. F. , Goh Brian K. P. , Cheow Peng Chung , Chow Pierce K. H. , Lee Ser Yee , Ooi London L. , Jeyaraj Prema Raj , Kam Juinn Huar , Koh Ye Xin , Chan Chung Yip , Teo Jin Yao 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) are the most common primary liver cancers. With the increasing incidence of ICC over the past two decades in Asia, it is essential to differentiate between HCC and ICC. However, ICC may mimic the radiological appearance of HCC on computed tomography scans (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), leading to misdiagnosis of ICC. The objective of this study is to evaluate and describe the association of specific pre‐operative imaging characteristics (arterial enhancement, portal venous washout) in patients with histologically proven resected ICC in our centre.
MethodsData on patients with histology‐proven ICC and mixed hepatocellular‐cholangiocarcinomas (HCC‐CC) who had undergone surgical resection at Singapore General Hospital (SGH) were identified from a prospectively maintained database. Pre‐operative cross‐sectional imaging reports were analysed.ResultsNinety‐one patients underwent resection between 1 January 2000 and 31 December 2016. Among those with no risk factors for HCC, a significant percentage of patients with ICC (24.3%) show imaging characteristics of both arterial phase hyperenhancement and non‐peripheral venous washout. Among patients with risk factors for HCC, between 20.0 and 33.3% of patients with pure ICC fulfilled the imaging criteria for HCC, and this proportion was generally even higher in the mixed HCC‐CC group.ConclusionsA significant proportion of patients with pure ICC showed pre‐operative imaging characteristics which fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for HCC. The differential of ICC should be borne in mind in populations where both malignancies are endemic.
Integrating nurse assignment in outpatient chemotherapy appointment scheduling
Authors: Hesaraki Alireza F. , Dellaert Nico P. , de Kok Ton 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn outpatient chemotherapy, nurses administer the drugs in two steps. In the first few minutes of each appointment, a nurse prepares the patient for infusion (drug administration). During the remainder of the appointment, the patient is monitored by nurses and if needed taken care of. One nurse must be assigned to prepare the patient and set up the infusion device. However, a nurse who is not busy setting up may simultaneously monitor up to a certain number of patients who are already receiving infusion. The prescribed infusion durations are significantly different among the patients on a day at a clinic. We formulate this problem as a multi-criterion mixed integer program. The appointments should be scheduled with start times close to patients’ ready times, balanced workload among nurses, few nurse changes during appointments, and few nurse full-time equivalent (FTE) assigned to the schedule of the day. As the number of nurse FTEs is an output of the model rather than a fixed input, the clinic can use the nursing capacity more efficiently, i.e., with less labor cost. We develop a 3-stage heuristic for finding criterion points with the minimum weighted average deferring time of appointments for the minimum feasible number of nurse FTEs or a desired value above that. By not constraining the number of chairs or beds, we can find solutions with better (dominating) criterion points. Drug preparation, oncologist visit, and the laboratory test can be scheduled based on the drug administration appointment start time. Thus, the drug administration resources are efficiently used with desirable performance in taking the interests and requirements of various stakeholders into consideration: patients, nurses, oncologists, pharmacy, and the clinic.