bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In vitro Antileishmanial, Antitrypanosomal, and Anti-inflammatory-like Activity of Terminalia mollis Root Bark
Authors: Muganga Raymond , Bero Joanne , Quetin-Leclercq Joëlle , Angenot Luc , Tits Monique , Mouithys-Mickalad Ange , Franck Thierry , Frédérich Michel 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis study aims at determining the in vitro antitrypanosomal, antileishmanial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory-like activities of Terminalia mollis root crude extracts. The antitrypanosomal and antileishmanial activities on Trypanosoma brucei brucei (strain 427) and promastigotes of Leishmania mexicana mexicana (MHOM/BZ/84/BEL46) were evaluated in vitro. The methanolic root bark extract and standards were profiled by HPLC-PDA, and the majority of compounds identified using literature data. The in vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory-like activities were determined by evaluating the effect of crude extracts on reactive oxygen species produced by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-stimulated equine neutrophils using lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence and on purified equine myeloperoxidase activity measured by specific immunological extraction followed by enzymatic detection. The methanolic, aqueous crude extract, and aqueous
crude extract free of tannins exhibited good growth inhibition on Trypanosoma brucei brucei (IC50 3.72, 6.05, and 4.45 µg/mL respectively) but were inactive against Leishmania mexicana mexicana (IC50 > 100 µg/mL). Suramin (IC50 0.11 µg/mL) and amphotericin (IC50 0.11 µg/mL) were used as standard respectively for the antitrypanosomal and antileishmanial activity. Very interesting antioxidant and anti-inflammatory-like activities were observed with 50% hydroethanolic, aqueous crude extracts, and aqueous crude extract free of tannins as well as with pure punicalagin, gallic, and ellagic acid (IC50 0.38 – 10.51 µg/mL for 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), chemiluminescence, and specific immunological extraction followed by enzymatic detection assays. The study results support traditional medicinal use of the plant for the treatment of parasitical disorders and revealed for the first
time the antitrypanosomal potential, anti-inflammatory-like, and antioxidant activity of Terminalia mollis root.
Effect of Protein and Carbohydrate Combined with Resistance Training on Muscular Adaptation
Authors: Santos Priscila Carvalho , Libardi Cleiton Augusto , Nóbrega Sanmy Rocha , de Carvalho Milena Barbon , Galan Bryan Steve Martinez , de Freitas Ellen Cristini 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe purpose was to compare the effects of protein (whey protein) and carbohydrate supplementation and protein alone both combined with resistance training on muscle strength, muscle mass and total training volume progression in untrained young men. Resistance training was performed using the leg press and knee extension until concentric failure (8−12 repetition maximum), three times a week for eight weeks. Muscle strength and muscle cross-sectional area were assessed before and after training. Total training volume progression was calculated considering the first and eighth week. Seventeen men completed the study (protein and carbohydrate, n=9, age 23.44 ± 4.56 years, weight: 62.13±6.17 kg, height: 1.75±0.02 m, body mass index: 20.29±2.08 kg/m2; protein, n=8, age 24.63±2.39 years, weight: 69.01±5.57 kg, height: 1.77±0.07 m; body mass index: 21.64±1.05 kg/m2. Both protocols showed similar increases in muscle strength (effect size: protein and carbohydrate=1.28; protein=0.97; p<0.001), muscle cross sectional area (effect size: protein and carbohydrate=0.66; protein=0.47; p<0.001) and total training volume progression (effect size: protein and carbohydrate=2.68; protein=1.63; p<0.001) after training. No differences were found between groups p>0.05). Protein and carbohydrate supplementation combined with resistance training does not induce greater gains in muscle strength, hypertrophy and total training volume compared to resistance training combined with protein alone in untrained individuals.
Synthesis and Structural Stability of α-Helical Gold(I)-Metallopeptidesy
Authors: Besenius Pol , Zengerling Lydia , Kemper Benedict , Hellmich Ute A. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe synthesis of hexa- and dodecapeptides functionalized with two Au(I)–phosphine complexes is reported. The high stability of the Au(I)–phosphine bond allowed orthogonal peptide-protecting-group chemistry, even when using hard Lewis acids like boron tribromide. This enabled the preparation of an Fmoc-protected lysine derivative carrying the Au(I) complex in a side chain, which was used in standard Fmoc-based solid-phase peptide synthesis protocols. Alanine and leucine repeats in the metallododecapeptide formed α-helical secondary structures in 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol–H2O and 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropanol–H2O mixtures with high thermal stability, as shown by temperature-dependent CD spectroscopy studies.
Reductive Deuteration of Aromatic Esters for the Synthesis of α,α-Dideuterio Benzyl Alcohols Using D2O as Deuterium Source
Authors: Ma Xiaodong , An Jie , Luo Shihui , Weng Chaoqun , Ding Yuxuan , Ling Chen , Szostak Michal 
Published: October 2020

Abstractα,α-Dideuterio benzyl alcohols are important building blocks for the synthesis of deuterium-labeled medicines and agrochemicals. We have developed the first general single-electron transfer reductive deuteration of readily commercially available aromatic esters for the synthesis of α,α-dideuterio benzyl alcohols using benign D2O and a mild single-electron donor SmI2. This operationally convenient method features very good functional group tolerance and high deuterium incorporations (>95% D2). The potential impact has been exemplified by the synthesis of numerous deuterium labeled building blocks of important bioactive compounds. Most crucially, the method represents the first example of selective reductive deuteration of benzylic-type ketyl radicals using mild and highly chemoselective lanthanide(II) reagents.
Atypical Presentation of Fulminating Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis: A Case Series
Authors: Dey Pranab K. , Ghosh Arindam 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSubacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a rare and progressive inflammatory disease of central nervous system due to aberrant measles virus with an outcome that is nearly always fatal. In acute fulminant SSPE, the disease rapidly evolves leading to death within 3 months of the diagnosis. We report here four cases of fulminant SSPE with atypical presentations, two of them presented at very early age with history of congenital measles infection in first case and gait abnormality as initial symptom in second case; acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) with refractory seizures in third case, unilateral myoclonus with hemiparesis in fourth case at the onset of disease, respectively. The typical periodic electroencephalographic (EEG) complexes, elevated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and serum antimeasles antibodies in our patients led to the diagnosis of SSPE. A high index of clinical suspicion in fulminant type with awareness of atypical features, EEG, and CSF studies are of paramount importance in establishing its diagnosis.
Regenerative Limb Salvage: A Novel Technique for Soft Tissue Reconstruction of Pediatric Extremities
Authors: Saeg Fouad , Chiccarelli Elvira N. , Hilaire Hugo St. , Lau Frank H. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackground In complex extremity wounds, free flap-based limb salvage (fLS) is the standard of care. However, fLS is resource- and cost-intensive, and the limited availability of pediatric microsurgical expertise exacerbates these challenges. Regenerative LS (rLS) addresses these barriers to care. The aim of this study was to quantify the efficacy, safety, and cost-effectiveness of rLS in complex pediatric extremity wounds.Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study of pediatric LS at a single hospital. Subjects were treated with fLS or rLS based on surgeon preference. Primary outcome measures were: definitive wound closure rates and time, rates of return to ambulation, number and length of procedures to achieve definitive closure, and rates of perioperative complications. Statistical analyses were performed utilizing the Wilcoxon Mann–Whitney U test with statistical significance set at p < 0.05.Results Over a 2-year period, nine consecutive patients presented with complex extremity wounds requiring fLS (n = 4) or rLS (n = 5). Demographics and wound characteristics were similar between groups. Compared with fLS, the rLS group achieved definitive wound closure 85.8% more quickly (13.8 vs. 97.5 days, p < 0.02), required 64.5% less operative time (132.6 vs. 373.0 minutes, p < 0.02), had fewer perioperative complications (0 vs. 5), and required fewer intensive care unit stays (0 vs. 1.3 days).Conclusion These data indicate that rLS is a safe and efficacious option in pediatric patients requiring soft tissue reconstruction for LS. Use of this novel technique can restore the reconstructive ladder, thereby expand patient access to pediatric LS while minimizing morbidity and reducing LS-related resource utilization.
Neoliberalism’s “official crap art”?
Authors: Tsitsovits Ioannis 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBritish writer Tom McCarthy has repeatedly taken aim at what he calls a “sentimental humanism” and the contemporary cult of the “authentic self”. This article investigates his work through the lens of that critique. Extrapolating from McCarthy’s public statements, I endeavour to delineate sentimental humanism as a mode of cultural production and flesh out his linking of it to a neoliberal political economy. I show how his antagonism manifests itself in his work, particularly his debut novel,Remainder. By contrast, his latest novel,Satin Island, marks a turning point in that trajectory. Although implicitly framed by its author as a way of thematising the challenges with which Big Data has confronted literature,Satin Islandmore specifically reveals that his anti-humanist agenda has also reached an impasse. Much of the logic behind the critique of sentimental humanism mounted byRemainder, I argue, is in a sense pre-empted or assimilated by the kinds of corporate digital environments described inSatin Island.
What dialog is absent from constructed dialog?
Authors: Rühlemann Christoph 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis paper is concerned with constructed dialog in conversational storytelling. Based onClark & Gerrig’s (1990)demonstration theory, its focus is on what is absent from constructed dialog. To determine what is absent, a comparison is made between constructed dialog tokens and utterances in conversation. The inquiry uses both quantitative and qualitative methods. It is based on the Narrative Corpus (NC;Rühlemann & O’Donnell 2012), a corpus of conversational narratives extracted from the conversational component of the British National Corpus (BNC), and its systematic annotation of constructed dialog (that is, direct speech introduced by a quotative and free direct speech without any introducer). The quantitative comparison of verbalizations used in constructed dialog as opposed to verbalizations used in conversational utterances demonstrates that a particular utterance type is significantly missing from constructed dialog: the continuer utterance, whose basic function is to exhibit an understanding that a form of ‘telling’ by another speaker is going on. The qualitative analysis, based on a subset of storytellings from the NC that were re-analyzed acoustically and re-transcribed using Jeffersonian conventions based on the Audio BNC (Coleman et al. 2012), reveals a stark mismatch between the commonness of tellings in talk-in-interaction and their uncommonness in constructed dialog. The absence of continuers from constructed dialog is discussed against the backdrop of indexicality. I argue that continuers share the key properties of indexicals – semantic vacuity and an existential relationship with the ‘thing’ indicated – and can therefore be seen as indexicals themselves. As indexicals, intrinsically connected to the speech situation of their utterance, continuers cannot be included in constructed dialog, which typically occurs in a different speech situation with different interactional parameters. Finally, I offer initial thoughts on the underrepresentation of telling sequences in constructed dialog.
Early Universe in view of a modified theory of gravity
Authors: Mandal Ranajit , Saha Dalia , Alam Mohosin , Sanyal Abhik Kumar 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
We study the quantum evolution of the early Universe, its semi-classical analogue together with inflationary regime, in view of a generalized modified theory of gravity. The action is built by supplementing the non-minimally coupled scalar–tensor theory of gravity with scalar curvature squared term and a Gauss–Bonnet-dilatonic coupled term. It is generalized, since all the parameters are treated as arbitrary functions of the scalar field. It is interesting to explore the fact that instead of considering additional flow parameters, an effective potential serves the purpose of finding inflationary parameters. The dilaton stabilization issue appears here as a problem with reheating. Addition of a cosmological constant term alleviates the problem, and inflation is effectively driven by the vacuum energy density. Thus Gauss–Bonnet term might play a significant role in describing late-time cosmic evolution.
Shadows around the q-metric
Authors: Arrieta-Villamizar J A , Velásquez-Cadavid J M , Pimentel O M , Lora-Clavijo F D , Gutiérrez-Piñeres A C 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
One crucial problem in relativistic astrophysics is that of the nature of black hole candidates. It is usually assumed that astrophysical black holes are described by the Schwarzschild or Kerr space–times; however, there is no direct evidence to assert this. Moreover, there are various solutions in general relativity that can be alternatives to black holes, usually called black hole mimickers. In this work, we study the shadow produced by a compact object described by the q-metric, which is the simplest static and axially symmetric solution of Einstein equations with a non-vanishing quadrupole moment. This particular space–time has the property of containing an independent parameter q, which is related to the compact object deformation. The solution corresponds to naked singularities for some specific values of this parameter. Additionally, we analyze the eigenvalues of the Riemann tensor using the SO(3, C) representation, which allows us to find, in an invariant way, regions where there may be repulsive effects. Furthermore, we numerically solve the motion equations to show the shadow, the Einstein ring, and the gravitational lensing to establish a possible signature of such repulsive effects. We found that as q is smaller, the Einstein ring decreases, but the shape is the same as the Schwarzschild black hole case. However, for values of q lower or equal than −0.5, repulsive gravitational effects appear in the gravitational lensing close to the compact object, where a strong dependence of the system to the initial conditions seems to take place.
Electron–ion coincidence spectroscopy of a large organic molecule: photofragmentation of avobenzone after valence and core ionisation
Authors: Abid Abdul Rahman , Pelimanni Eetu , Reinhardt Maximilian , Boudjemia Nacer , Kivimäki Antti , Huttula Marko , Björneholm Olle , Patanen Minna 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The Avobenzone (AVOB) molecule is very photoactive and undergoes irreversible degradation upon irradiation. We studied its valence and core-level (C1s and O1s) photoionisation and subsequent photofragmentation with photoelectron spectroscopy and photoelectron–photoion–photoion coincidence (PEPIPICO) spectroscopy. AVOB is one of the largest molecules studied with this technique. The results show that the AVOB molecule dissociates into an extensive range of fragments by different pathways with little element or site-selectivity. The coincident maps were used to determine selected fragment separation sequences by analysing the slopes of patterns from ion pairs after the core ionisation. Charge delocalisation over the benzene rings and their relative stability favor fragmentation by cleavage of the bridge between them.
X-ray scattering signatures of early-time accelerations in iodine dissociation
Authors: Gabalski Ian , Ware Matthew R , Bucksbaum Philip H 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Ultrafast time-resolved x-ray scattering (TRXS) from a photoexcited molecular ensemble measures a distribution S(Q, τ) of the x-ray momentum transfer Q and pump-probe delay τ in which all modes of motion induced by the excitation overlap. Frequency-resolved x-ray scattering (FRXS) based on

S

̃

(

Q
,
ω

)

separates each oscillation and dissociation channel in the TRXS data, enabling measurements of vibrational frequencies and phases, and dissociation velocities and time shifts. Here we extend FRXS analysis to study early-time accelerations as well. We show how these appear as diffuse scattering patterns with characteristic phase evolution in FXRS and we develop a set of transformations that isolate individual channels to measure the early-time accelerated motion. This procedure is used to analyze diatomic iodine x-ray scattering data with multiple dissociations, and the ability of this technique to characterize early-time accelerations of one dissociation channel even in the presence of another dissociation is demonstrated.
Argon/dust and pure argon pulsed plasmas explored using a spatially-averaged model
Authors: Denysenko I B , Stefanović I , Mikikian M , Kovacevic E , Berndt J 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The properties (densities of electrons and metastable argon atoms, effective electron temperature and dust charge) of argon/dust and pure argon pulsed plasmas are studied using a spatially-averaged model. The calculated time-dependencies for the densities of electrons and metastable atoms are compared with the experimental measurements and are found to be in a good qualitative agreement. It is analyzed how the plasma properties depend on the shape of the electron energy probability function (EEPF), the pulsing frequency and the duty cycle for both dust-free and dusty plasma. The analysis reveals that the agreement between theory and experiment is better with Druyvesteyn EEPF than the Maxwellian EEPF. Further, the variation in the pulsing frequency ν
p differently affects the metastable density n
m in a dust-free and in a dusty plasma. For large ν
p, the metastable density in the dust-free pulsed plasma is larger than in the continuous-wave (CW) discharge, while the opposite is obtained in the presence of dust particles. This difference probably arises because of faster variation in the effective electron temperature in the dusty plasma due to collection of electrons by dust particles. Our calculations also show that dust particles may affect the behavior of electron density in the beginning of the on-period due to an enhancement in electron collection by dust particles.
Long-lived species in plasma-activated water generated by an AC multi-needle-to-water discharge: effects of gas flow on chemical reactions
Authors: Liu Kun , Ren Wei , Ran Congfu , Zhou Rusen , Tang Weibin , Zhou Renwu , Yang Zhihao , Ostrikov Kostya (Ken) 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Plasma-activated water (PAW) represents a promising green antibacterial agent for biomedical and agricultural applications. In this study, a novel AC multi-needle-to-water discharge device was developed to investigate the effects of gas flow on the generation and chemical composition of PAW. It is shown that the concentrations of

NO

3
−

and N(III) (

NO

2
−

and

HN

O

2

) in the PAW both increased with an extension of the plasma-processing time and a reduction of the gas-flow rate. The absorption of gas-phase products carried by the gas flow from the discharge chamber was found to be beneficial for the generation of both

NO

3
−

and N(III) in the PAW at a gas flow rate of 20–60 L h−1, yet their concentrations were still lower than those without any feeding gas. As opposed to

NO

3
−

or N(III), the

H

2

O

2

concentration in the plasma-activated phosphate buffer solution (PAPBS) increased under stronger gas flows and was almost unaffected by absorption in PAPBS. The pH value of PAW increased at higher gas flow rates. A comparison of the N(III) in PAW and PAPBS reflects the effects of the reactions of

NO

2
−

and

H

2

O

2

in the two different working liquids. To quantify the effects of gas flow on the discharge characteristics, gas temperatures were calculated from the optical emission spectra and were proven to be flow-independent near the discharge channel. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) measurements of the gaseous products during the discharge, and further analysis of possible reaction pathways indicated that by controlling the gas flow in the multi-needle-to-water discharge system, the concentration of long-lived species in PAW could be tuned, which might favor the generation of

ONOOH

.

These findings contribute to a better understanding of effective electric discharge-related mechanisms for enhancing the biochemical and chemical activities of PAW.
Effect of electrode temperature on radiofrequency vacuum breakdown characteristics
Authors: Uimanov I V , Shmelev D L , Barengolts S A 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The results of a numerical simulation of the heating of a microprotrusion on the surface of a copper electrode under the influence of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields, performed for different temperatures of the electrode, are presented. The calculation model describes self-consistently the thermal processes in the electron and phonon subsystems, the electron emission, and the effect of the space charge of emitted electrons. It has been shown that when the initial electrode temperature is increased to 1000 K, the time of heating of the surface microprotrusion to a critical temperature decreases by a factor of 1.5–1.9, namely, to values ranging from a few to tens of nanoseconds. This may significantly increase the probability of radiofrequency vacuum breakdown on the surface of the accelerating structure of an electron-positron collider.
Optically induced topological phase transition in two dimensional square lattice antiferromagnet
Authors: Luo Ma 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The two dimensional square lattice antiferromagnet with spin–orbit coupling and nonsymmorphic symmetry is recently found to be topological insulator (TI). We theoretically studied the Floquet states of the antiferromagnetic crystal with optical irradiation, which could be applicable in opto-spintronic. An optical irradiation with circular polarization induces topological phase transition into quantum Anomalous Hall phase with varying Chern number. At the phase boundaries, the Floquet systems could be semimetal with one, two or three band valleys. A linear polarized optical field induces effective antiferromagnetic exchange field, which change the phase regime of the TI. At the intersection of two phase boundaries, the bulk band structure is nearly flat along one of the high symmetry line in the first Brillouin zone, which result in large density of states near to the Fermi energy in bulk and nanoribbons.