bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Toward a gold standard for benchmarking gene set enrichment analysis
Authors: Geistlinger Ludwig , Csaba Gergely , Santarelli Mara , Ramos Marcel , Schiffer Lucas , Turaga Nitesh , Law Charity , Davis Sean , Carey Vincent , Morgan Martin , Zimmer Ralf , Waldron Levi 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMotivationAlthough gene set enrichment analysis has become an integral part of high-throughput gene expression data analysis, the assessment of enrichment methods remains rudimentary and ad hoc. In the absence of suitable gold standards, evaluations are commonly restricted to selected datasets and biological reasoning on the relevance of resulting enriched gene sets.ResultsWe develop an extensible framework for reproducible benchmarking of enrichment methods based on defined criteria for applicability, gene set prioritization and detection of relevant processes. This framework incorporates a curated compendium of 75 expression datasets investigating 42 human diseases. The compendium features microarray and RNA-seq measurements, and each dataset is associated with a precompiled GO/KEGG relevance ranking for the corresponding disease under investigation. We perform a comprehensive assessment of 10 major enrichment methods, identifying significant differences in runtime and applicability to RNA-seq data, fraction of enriched gene sets depending on the null hypothesis tested and recovery of the predefined relevance rankings. We make practical recommendations on how methods originally developed for microarray data can efficiently be applied to RNA-seq data, how to interpret results depending on the type of gene set test conducted and which methods are best suited to effectively prioritize gene sets with high phenotype relevance.Availabilityhttp://bioconductor.org/packages/GSEABenchmarkeRContactludwig.geistlinger@sph.cuny.edu
Uncovering the function of an enigmatic display: antipredator behaviour in the iconic Australian frillneck lizard
Authors: Perez-Martinez Christian A , Riley Julia L , Whiting Martin J 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWhen faced with a predator, some animals engage in a deimatic display to startle the predator momentarily, resulting in a pause or retreat, thereby increasing their chance of escape. Frillneck lizards (Chlamydosaurus kingii) are characterised by a large, pronounced frill that extends from the base of the head to beyond the neck and, when displayed, can be up to six times the width of the head. We used behavioural assays with a model avian predator to demonstrate that their display conforms to deimatic display theory. First, juveniles and adults deployed the frill in encounters with a model predator. Second, the display revealed three colour patches (white and red–orange patches on the frill; yellow mouth palate) that facilitate a transition from a cryptic to a conspicuous state as perceived by a raptor visual system. Third, the display was performed with movements that amplified its effect. The frill area was larger in males than in females, which suggests that the frill might also be co-opted for male–male contests. If future research confirms a role of the frill in male agonistic interactions, frillneck lizards will be a rare case in which a structure has a dual function in a deimatic display and a sexually selected signal.
Mapping the Current and Future Noncommunicable Disease Burden in Kenya by Human Immunodeficiency Virus Status: A Modeling Study
Authors: Smit Mikaela , Perez-Guzman Pablo N , Mutai Kennedy K , Cassidy Rachel , Kibachio Joseph , Kilonzo Nduku , Hallett Timothy B 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe noncommunicable disease (NCD) burden in Kenya is not well characterized, despite estimates needed to identify future health priorities. We aimed to quantify current and future NCD burden in Kenya by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status.MethodsOriginal systematic reviews and meta-analyses of prevalence/incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD), chronic kidney disease, depression, diabetes, high total cholesterol, hypertension, human papillomavirus infection, and related precancerous stages in Kenya were carried out. An individual-based model was developed, simulating births, deaths, HIV disease and treatment, aforementioned NCDs, and cancers. The model was parameterized using systematic reviews and epidemiological national and regional surveillance data. NCD burden was quantified for 2018–2035 by HIV status among adults.ResultsSystematic reviews identified prevalence/incidence data for each NCD except ischemic heart disease. The model estimates that 51% of Kenyan adults currently suffer from ≥1 NCD, with a higher burden in people living with HIV (PLWH) compared to persons not living with HIV (62% vs 51%), driven by their higher age profile and partly by HIV-related risk for NCDs. Hypertension and high total cholesterol are the main NCD drivers (adult prevalence of 20.5% [5.3 million] and 9.0% [2.3 million]), with CVD and cancers the main causes of death. The burden is projected to increase by 2035 (56% in persons not living with HIV; 71% in PLWH), with population growth doubling the number of people needing services (15.4 million to 28.1 million) by 2035.ConclusionsNCD services will need to be expanded in Kenya. Guidelines in Kenya already support provision of these among both the general and populations living with HIV; however, coverage remains low.
Stress in captive Blue-fronted parrots (Amazona aestiva): the animalists’ tale
Authors: Vidal Alan Chesna , Roldan Mar , Christofoletti Maurício Durante , Tanaka Yuki , Galindo David Javier , Duarte José Maurício Barbanti 
Published: November 2019

Lay summary
Captivity has traditionally been considered a stressful habitat for wildlife. In this study, urofaecal glucocorticoid metabolites of wild and captive Blue-fronted amazon parrots (Amazona aestiva) subjected to different husbandry systems were determined. Results reveal lower corticoid levels in individuals maintained in captivity than in the free-ranging ones.
Atypical presentation of lipomatous hypertrophy of the interatrial septum: a case report
Authors: Gopal Dipika J , Han Yuchi , Silvestry Frank E , Ferrari Victor A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Lipomatous hypertrophy of the interatrial septum (LHIAS) is a common finding on transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE). Occasionally, the appearance of LHIAS is atypical and multimodality imaging is helpful to make the diagnosis. We present a case of atypical LHIAS to highlight the potential aetiologies for an interatrial septal mass and review features on multimodality imaging that help decrease uncertainty and establish a diagnosis.

Case summary
A 64-year-old man with a history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and coronary artery disease with multiple percutaneous coronary interventions presented to the emergency room with chest pain. Transthoracic echocardiogram showed a homogenous echo-dense, intracardiac mass present within the interatrial septum. Computed tomography (CT) angiogram of the chest showed a homogenous mass similar in radiodensity to extracardiac and pericardial fat. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) confirmed LHIAS by homogenous signal that was nulled on fat suppression images.

Discussion
This case highlights that while most LHIAS has the standard ‘dumbbell’ appearance on TTE, there are instances where it can appear more like an adherent mass prompting a wider differential. Unenhanced CT of the heart can be used to confirm LHIAS by the presence of low attenuation values for tissue. Alternatively, CMR can be used for tissue characterization and confirmation of LHIAS. Precontrast T2/T1-weighted CMR images with steady-state free precession show high signal intensity in the area of LHIAS and produce a black/hypointense boundary effect between fat and myocardium. A multimodality approach is crucial in arriving at the appropriate diagnosis using the tissue characterization capabilities of CT and CMR.
THE ROLE OF EDUCATORS AND EMPLOYERS IN REDUCING (OR PERPETUATING) AGEISM
Authors: Kruger Tina M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
As the population ages, increasing numbers of people are at risk of being harmed by ageism found in interpersonal interactions, medical settings, employment opportunities, and public policies. The way older people are talked to and about can facilitate the inclusion or exclusion/dismissal of the older population. Gerontology educators are well-positioned to combat ageism by discussing ageist beliefs with students and by teaching about stereotype development, aging stigma, and inclusive language and interactions. Aging services providers can address ageism by hiring the candidates most qualified to engage with older adults in a non-ageist manner. We explore these ideas in this symposium. First, information from the Gerontological Literacy Network’s Sketches study regarding college students’ (mis)perceptions of aging will be presented. Second, the Ageism First Aid online training modules, designed to reduce ageism, will be introduced. Third, the Disrupt Aging Classroom practice model, created by AARP CT, and Borrow My Glasses, used to transform attitudes about aging among college students, will be shared. Fourth, the disjoint between aging services job descriptions and how those who study aging/gerontology search for jobs will be reviewed. Finally, data from the GELS project, regarding where gerontology program graduates have gained employment, will be presented. Efforts to educate all college students and aging services providers about appropriate language and interaction styles, combined with modifying aging services employers’ efforts to identify the most qualified candidates to hire, can ultimately reduce ageism and enhance quality of life for the fastest growing segment of the population.
OLDER ADULTS’ IMMIGRANT STATUS AND SELF-REPORTED ABILITY TO NAVIGATE THROUGH THE HEALTHCARE SYSTEM
Authors: Tzeng Huey-Ming 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This exploratory study examined the association between older adults’ immigrant status and their self-reported ability to perform each of the 51 self-care behaviors that are needed for them to navigate through the healthcare system. Secondary data analysis was conducted based on a 2018 telephone survey of community-dwelling adults 65 y/o or older, living in a western Canada province (N = 1,000). A previously validated survey tool, Patient Involvement Behaviors in Health Care (e.g., indicating Yes=1 or No=0 regarding their ability to perform each self-care behavior), and a demographic data form (e.g., are you an immigrant? Yes=1 or No=0) were used. Descriptive analyses and chi-square tests for independence (alpha= 0.05) were conducted. Among the 993 adults who indicated their immigrant status, 51 (5.1%) self-declared as immigrants. 32 (62.7%) of the immigrant participants and 457 (48.5%) of the non-immigrant participants resided in the urban areas. 88.2% of these immigrant participants was white, 7.8% was Asian, and 2% was black; 72.5% indicated that English is their first language. Immigrant participants were less likely to report being able to perform 5 self-care behaviors than non-immigrant participants. These 5 behaviors were: bringing someone to help you move around when needed; asking your providers to share your medical record with each other; finding insurance that best matches your needs; changing health insurance coverage as needed; and knowing of any interactions with old and new treatments. Clinicians should co-create approaches with older adult immigrants to improve their self-care capacity (e.g., connecting with relevant peer support networks).
MEETING SOCIAL NEEDS TO IMPROVE HEALTH OUTCOMES: PARTNERSHIPS BETWEEN COMMUNITY-BASED ORGS AND HEALTH CARE
Authors: Wilson Traci L , Kunkel Suzanne R , Straker Jane , Scala-Foley Marisa , Blair Elizabeth 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Unmet social needs negatively affect individual and population health, and better integration of community-based supports and health systems is a promising approach to improve health outcomes and avoid unnecessary health care use. Community-based organizations (CBOs) such as Area Agencies on Aging (AAAs) and Centers for Independent Living (CILs), as providers and coordinators of social services, are well-positioned within their communities to coordinate care and provide for unmet social needs. Partnerships between CBOs and health care entities have clear potential to improve health care outcomes while also reducing expenditures. This paper will present a cross-sectional analysis of a national survey of AAAs, CILS, and other CBOs at two time points (2017: n=593; 2018: n=763) to understand the extent, type, and evolution of CBO engagement with health care providers. In addition, longitudinal analysis (n=374) shows movement at the organization level: 33% of organizations who did not have a contract at T1 but were pursuing one had achieved a contract by T2. This presentation will: describe details of the services delivered, contracting arrangements, and populations served under CBO/health care contracts, as well as challenges experienced by CBOs; examine differences by state and organizational structure; and discuss the implications of state policy on integrated care and contracting.
AN IOT TROLLEY FOR LONG-TERM CARE FACILITIES TO PROVIDE EFFICIENCY AND REDUCE RISKS
Authors: Chou Chia-Ching , Liu Ting-Ju , Kang Shih-Chung 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
One of challenges facing the long-term care facilities in Taiwan is the burden of the paperwork affecting nurses, which limits their time to look after the residents. Nurses usually estimate spending one quarter of their shifts with paperwork. The aim of this study is to develop a mobile care information system - Jubo IoT Trolley: a trolley with IoT vital-sign devices collecting and delivering timely care information to care professionals. Based on user-centered design (i.e., discover-define-develop-delivery), we conducted stakeholder interviews and rapid prototypes to zero in on the communication problem, and designed the IoT Trolley to support nurses in their daily workflow, facilitate vital-sign measurements at the bedsides, and collect the measured values to the cloud database automatically. Through design iterations, we have validated usability of the system in multiple care facilities. The result shows, with the IoT Trolley, the nurses can receive the senior’s critical vital status from the caregivers more promptly, provide instructions remotely and therefore, reduce potential care risks. Furthermore, the cloud analyzes the collected residents’ health data, the vital sign alerts can be sent to the nursing directors, so they can coordinate and intervene instantly. At last, this work demonstrates that through the technology, care qualities are improved, and care professionals can spend more valuable time with residents in the long-term care facilities.
LIVING LIFE TO THE FULL 55-PLUS: A COMMUNITY-BASED INTERVENTION FOR REDUCING DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY
Authors: Khatri Nasreen , Perkovic Stephen , Hamadani Tara Faghani 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Living Life to the Full 55+ (LLTTF) was an 8-week, 12-hour, community educational program based on CBT principles. The program aim was to teach participant skills and techniques to cope effectively with life stress. Participants self-referred to the program by responding to advertisements or were otherwise referred to the program by local community centres. Following the promising results of the pilot study, a follow-up empirical study was conducted to assess the impact of the program on clinical measures and other notable measures over time. Study participants (N = 514) were recruited at partner sites hosting the program. Demographic and other data was collected to assess the impact of the program. Measures collected to assess the impact of the program were the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (WEMWBS), and a brief measure of loneliness/social connectedness. Participant data was collected pre/post-intervention, and at post-course follow-up periods (3/6/9-months). Preliminary repeated-measures ANOVA analyses found statistically significant changes in depression, anxiety, mental well-being, and loneliness scores, from pre- to post-intervention. Participant’ depression, anxiety, and loneliness scores significantly reduced from pre- to post-course. Participants also experienced a significant improvement in mental well-being from pre- to post-course. Observed decreases in loneliness and depression did not significantly change from post-course to any of the follow-up periods. Results suggest the viability of a nonclinical program for addressing depression and loneliness in older individuals, and have implications for community-based strategies attempting to address mental health issues in older Canadians
FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH SEVERITY OF DEPRESSION: EVIDENCE FROM THE CHINA HEALTH AND RETIREMENT LONGITUDINAL STUDY
Authors: Zheng Mingyang , Liu Xian 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Depression among older adults in China is widespread. To explore factors associated with depression among older adults, most studies focus on the individual as the unit of analysis. However, since individuals are nested in families, it is important to understand depression within a family context. To address this gap, the current study examines the degree to which individual and dyad-level characteristics were associated with the severity of depression among older couples in China. Data for the study were drawn from wave 4 of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. The total sample size in the study was 2560 older couples aged 60 and above. Multilevel modeling was used to analyze the dyadic data. Our preliminary findings suggested the partial intraclass correlation between a dyad’s depression scores was 0.32, which shows that a couple’s scores were similar to one another. Those who were female, were younger, lived in rural areas, had lower cognition, and those whose spouses had lower cognitive ability were associated with more severe depression. The findings provided empirical evidence to support the argument that more community mental health resources should be allocated to rural areas in China. Moreover, given that female older adults are more vulnerable to depression compared to male older adults, it is imperative to develop tailored services to support women to enhance their psychological wellbeing. In addition, as spousal cognition was negatively correlated with depression, services to support older couples where one has dementia are needed.
LIFETIME EXPERIENCES OF GRIEF AMONG RECENTLY BEREAVED AFRICAN AMERICANS
Authors: McDuffie Danielle L , Allen Rebecca S , Black Sheila , Crowther Martha R , Whitlow Ryan , Acker Laura 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This study sought to investigate the ways recently bereaved African American middle to older aged adults conceptualized both prior and present loss. Fourteen African American men and women aged 46 years and older (M=62.6) completed one time, in-person semi-structured interviews detailing their grief experiences. Interview transcripts were then coded using a content analysis. Four themes were reported during prior loss (Continuing on with Normal Life/ Time, Faith/ Religion, Reminiscing/ Reminiscence, Social Support) along with present loss (Faith/ Religion, Keeping Busy, Reminiscence, Social Support). Men and women in the sample were found to cope in relatively consistent manners despite the timing of the loss, and in manners consistent with literature detailing African American grief outcomes. This information could help inform both bereaved African Americans and those seeking to aid African Americans during times of bereavement in proactively having knowledge of coping mechanisms that have been used historically and found to be beneficial.
GENDER DIFFERENCES IN RECEIVING ASSISTANCE WITH DAILY CARE NEEDS AMONG OLDER BLACK AMERICANS LIVING WITH DIABETES
Authors: Sherman Ledric D , Fabius Chanee D , Bonner Timethia , Spears Erica 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Older Black Americans living with diabetes often receive social support critical to their self-care management practices and quality of life. Studies have reported positive relationships between support and diabetes care among this population, although gender differences exist, with men reporting better quality of life outcomes associated with diabetes self-management than women. More information is needed to to assist healthcare providers indeveloping gender-tailored interventions to improve diabetes self-management. Using data from the 2015 National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS; Round 5), a nationally representative sample of Medicare beneficiaries aged 65 and older, our cross-sectional study describes gender differences in receiving assistance with self-care, mobility, and household needs among older Black adults with diabetes (N=621). Participants were majority female (59% Females; 41%Males). Bivariate analyses showed women were often older with fewer years of education, lower incomes, and were more likely to live with others than men. A larger share of respondents reported receiving assistance with household activities (34%; e.g. shopping, medication administration), followed by self-care (21%; e.g. bathing, dressing), and mobility tasks (17%; e.g. getting around inside and outside of the house). Binary logistic regression showed that women were more likely to report receiving assistance with all three tasks after adjusting for age, education, income, living arrangements, number of health conditions, and self-rated health. Future research should identify the relationships between caregivers and care recipients (e.g. spouse/partner, children), as receiving support with daily needs has the potential to impact both the health and quality of life of both caregivers and care-recipients.
OBESITY AND MIDLIFE PHYSICAL FUNCTIONING IN TWO BRITISH BIRTH COHORTS: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF PHYSICAL INACTIVITY
Authors: Pereira Snehal Pinto , De Stavola Bianca L , Rogers Nina T , Hardy Rebecca , Cooper Rachel , Power Chris 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Associations between obesity and physical inactivity are bi-directional. Both are associated with physical functioning (PF) but whether obesity influences PF via inactivity is unknown. We investigated whether mid-adult obesity trajectories were associated with subsequent PF and mediated by inactivity in the 1946 National Survey of Health and Development (1946-NSHD; N=2,427) and the 1958 National Child Development Study (1958-NCDS; N=8,674). Estimated randomised-interventional-analogue natural direct (rNDE), indirect (rNIE) and total (rTE=rNDExrNIE) effects of obesity trajectories on PF via inactivity are expressed as risk ratios. In 1946-NSHD, rTE of incident obesity at 43y (vs never) on poor PF=2.32(1.13,3.51); at 53y=1.53(0.91,2.15). rNIEs via inactivity were 1.02(0.97,1.07) and 1.02(0.99,1.04) respectively. Estimated rTE of persistent obesity from 36y=2.91(1.14,4.69), with rNIE of 1.03(0.96,1.10). Longer obesity duration was associated with increased risk of poor PF. Inactivity played a small mediating role. Findings reinforce the importance of preventing and delaying obesity onset to protect against poor PF.