bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transformative Tourism as an Innovative Tool for Rural Development
Authors: Vidickienė Dalia , Vilkė Rita , Gedminaitė-Raudonė Živilė 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This conceptual article identifies major changes in the 21st century society that gave birth to a new generation of cultural tourists and to an innovative type of cultural tourism business that meets their needs – transformative tourism. The transformative tourism business is analysed as an integral part of a transition from the paradigm of industrial to post-industrial servitized economic system by implementation of three major paradigm innovations. The research related to the development of paradigm innovations in cultural tourism provides an opportunity to supplement the existing knowledge not only about innovative ways of cultural tourism development in rural regions, but also about general challenges facing the rural development in the post-industrial society.
Cultural Tourism as a Possible Driver of Rural Development in Czechia. Wine Tourism in Moravia as a Case Study
Authors: Šťastná Milada , Vaishar Antonín , Ryglová Kateřina , Rašovská Ida , Zámečník Silvie 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The paper connects culture, tourism and rural development. It tries to make an overview of various forms of cultural tourism in Czechia. Attractions of cultural tourism are identified and ranked according to their cognitive function. Their list includes cultural heritage in spheres of archaeological sites, architecture, arts, folklore, pilgrimages, technical works, cultural events or protected landscape areas. The culture of wine in Southern Moravia has been chosen as an example. Its analysis was elaborated using the Importance/Performance Analysis. Czechia has great potential for the cultural tourism development in rural areas but it seems to demand a great deal of work when one needs to be constantly reconciling the changing interests of tourists with the potential of the regions. One of the important goals is to attract tourists into rural areas and thus limit their concentration in the most attractive places. Rural cultural tourism seems to be a significant aspect in this respect. The part of the study is the example of the adaptation of the current situation with COVID-19 to properly support the development and cultural potential of domestic tourism in South Moravian region in relation to the economic impacts on international tourism.
Artificial Intelligence Research Community and Associations in Poland
Authors: Nalepa Grzegorz J. , Stefanowski Jerzy 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In last years Artificial Intelligence presented a tremendous progress by offering a variety of novel methods, tools and their spectacular applications. Besides showing scientific breakthroughs it attracted interest both of the general public and industry. It also opened heated debates on the impact of Artificial Intelligence on changing the economy and society. Having in mind this international landscape, in this short paper we discuss the Polish AI research community, some of its main achievements, opportunities and limitations. We put this discussion in the context of the current developments in the international AI community. Moreover, we refer to activities of Polish scientific associations and their initiative of founding Polish Alliance for the Development of Artificial Intelligence (PP-RAI). Finally two last editions of PP-RAI joint conferences are summarized.
Phytopythium: origin, differences and meaning in modern plant pathology
Authors: Tkaczyk Miłosz 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The genus Phytopythium is a relatively new group of organisms distinguished from the Pythium genus. These are organisms closely related to Pythium and Phytophthora, with similar structure and biology. Despite many similarities, this genus is characterised by several morphological features that allow it to be easily identified. Until now, more than 20 species belong to this genus, most of which are saprophytic organisms. However, there is also a group of species particularly dangerous to plants. These species include, among others, Pp. litorale, Pp. helicoides and Pp. vexans. The purpose of this work was to collect information about these organisms and present them in a condensed form. The study contains basic information about the history of the type of separation, differences in morphology distinctive genus of Phytopythium, Phytophthora and Pythium and information about diseases and host plants. Information is also provided on the potential threat posed by these organisms to forest ecosystems.
Harvendusraiete tasuvuse analüüs ja pikaajalise mõju simulatsioonid Järvselja õppe- ja katsemetskonnas
Authors: Kaimre Paavo , Vellak Priit , Teder Meelis 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The results of the analysis of profitability and impact of thinning on wood production in Järvselja Training and Experimental Forest Centre are presented in the article. The profitability was assessed on the basis of harvesting income and costs of logging operations in 2015–2017. The impact of thinning on the wood production was assessed using the MOTTI simulation program. Three different scenarios for the management of the stand were compared: 1) stand management in accordance with the Finnish forest management recommendations (Tapio recommendations), 2) management according to the Estonian Forest Management Regulations and 3) stand development without thinning. The results revealed that 61 thinnings out of the 70 were profitable. The average net income from thinning was 344 euros per hectare. Fuel wood accounted for 45% and pulpwood for 30% of the harvested timber. Net present value was applied as a criterion to assess the profitability of long-term management scenarios. Considering Tapio's recommendations, the total net present value was 33% higher and following Estonian forest management rules, it was 23% higher compared to the simulations without thinning. The results indicated that thinning is economically viable in the long run. In simulations without thinning, timber production is the highest, but the net present value of management is lower compared to simulations with thinning.
Response of Three Nigerian Breeds of Sheep Experimentally Infected with Trypanosoma vivax to Diminazene Aceturate Therapy
Authors: Oyewusi I. K. , Takeet M. I. , Oyewusi A. J. , Talabi A. O. , Sonibare A. O. , Otesile E. B. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The efficacy of diminazene aceturate in three Nigerian breeds of sheep [West African Dwarf (WAD), Yankassa and Ouda] experimentally infected with Trypanosoma vivax was studied. Five rams of each breed were administered 0.5 ml of goat blood containing 2.5 × 106
T. vivax per millilitre intravenously, while three rams of each breed served as uninfected controls. The treatment with diminazene aceturate was intramuscularly administered to the infected sheep, when their packed cell volume (PCV) fell to 15 %, at a dosage of 7 mg.kg−1 b. w. The parameters measured were parasitaemia, live weight gain and PCV. By 24 hours post treatment (pt.), no trypanosomes were detected by either the Haematocrit Concentration Technique (HCT) or the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) in the blood of any of the treated sheep. However, a relapse of parasitaemia occurred 17 to 32 days pt. in 46.7 % of the treated rams and these were retreated with 14 mg.kg−1 b. w. diminazene aceturate. There were gradual increments in the live weight gain and the PCV of the treated rams until the resurgence of parasitaemia. Ouda had the highest cases of relapse (80 %), the least mean live weight gain and was the only breed in which mortality was recorded despite the treatment. In conclusion, diminazene aceturate administered at 7 mg.kg−1 b. w. cleared the trypanosomes in the blood of all the treated sheep within 24 hours and this was accompanied by the restoration of lost weight and the reversal of anaemia. However, the subsequent resurgence of parasitaemia indicated that a dosage of 7 mg.kg−1 b. w. was no longer reliable for complete elimination of trypanosomes from all the tissues of the host.
Ultrastructure of Granulosa Cells of Bovine Ovarian Antral Follicles in Relation to Atresia
Authors: Pivko J. , Olexiková L. , Dujíčková L. , Makarevich A. V. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The aim of this study was to describe the most common forms of ovarian follicle atresia in large antral follicles of cows and quantify the occurrence of different cell structures in each form. Atresia of antral follicles in ovaries was determined on the basis of ultrastructural images acquired by electron microscopy of ultrathin sections contrasted with uranyl acetate and lead citrate to visualize cell organelles. All forms of atresia in large follicles are accompanied by regressive changes of the granulosa cells. The initial form of atresia is characterized by enlarged intercellular spaces after the disruption of the gap junctions and desmosomes. Small collapsed cells with pyknotic nuclei, substantially reduced the cytoplasm and a higher incidence of lysosomes are located on the surface of the granulosa layer. The stratum granulosum wall collapses and the basal membrane is swollen with a rupture of the lamina basalis. Obliterative atresia is characterized by a multiplied loose connective tissue consisting of collagen fibers, fibroblasts, histiocytes, blood capillaries and sporadically granulocytes. The cystic form of atresia is characterized by small collapsed, pyknotic granulosa cells settled in one or two layers. In luteinization-associated atresia, granulosa cells are hypertrophied, their cytoplasm contains smooth endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria with tubules. In conclusion, the initial atresia of large antral ovarian follicles is associated with processes of cell death, followed by multiplication of the loose connective tissue cells, its dystrophy and hyalinization of the collagen fibers. Ultrastructural examination could be used as a complementary method to improve histopathological diagnostics of cow reproductive organs in veterinary practice.
Morphometric Study of Microscopic Cysts of Sarcocystis Sp. in Sheep Carcasses
Authors: Dahmani As. , Aissi M. , Zenia S. , Harhoura K. , Kadour R. , Saadi A. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Muscular samples of the oesophagus and diaphragm of 335 sheep collected from the slaughterhouse of El Harrach were analyzed by the histopathological method to describe the morphology of two species of Sarcocystis: S. arieticanis and S. tenella. The cysts were counted and measured with a micrometer for their dimensions. A total of 895 cysts were measured. The width, length, shape index (length/width), the thickness of the wall and the length of the projections were recorded. The thick-walled cysts of S. tenella were 10—450 μm long (the mean ± SD value was 50.35 μm ± 1.380) and 1—110 μm (the mean ± SD value was 27.51 μm ± 0.533) wide. The cyst walls were 0.5—4 μm thick (the mean ± SD value was 1.547 μm ± 0.020) and provided with radial striations. The shape index was 1—14 μm (the mean ± SD value was 1.93 ± 0.045). While in the S. arieticanis, the cyst wall was thin and had long hair-like protrusions, the cysts measured 8—780 μm (the mean ± SD value was 123.13 μm ± 12.799) in length and 5—100 μm (the mean ± SD value was 37.00 μm ± 1.68) in width. The hair-like protrusions reached a length of 3—14 μm (the mean ± SD value was 5.428 ± 0.353) and the shape index was 1—17 μm (the mean ± SD value was 3.10 ± 0.281). For the length, the width and the shape index, the differences were statistically significant between thin-walled cysts and thick-walled cysts. The general structural features of the cysts, previously described by other authors, were confirmed.
Media portrayal of panic buying: A content analysis of online news portals
Authors: Yasir Arafat S.M. , Kar Sujita Kumar , Menon Vikas , Marthoenis Marthoenis , Sharma Pawan , Alradie-Mohamed Angi , Mukherjee Srijeeta , Kaliamoorthy Charanya , Kabir Russell 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Media reporting has an influential role in panic buying (PB). We aimed to evaluate the media portrayal of PB during this COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
We searched, collected, and analysed the news reports from the English media discussing the PB events. The search was done between 23 and 30 May 2020.

Results
A total of 525 news reports were analysed. Approximately half (49.3%) discussed the government action to handle the situation, 36.4% discussed the expert opinion regarding PB, 20.6% discussed the psychology of PB, 21.5% discussed the rumours, and 18.5% suggested remedial measures. Concerning the negative aspects, 96.6% of the titles mentioned panic buying, 75.4% mentioned the cause, and 62.3% mentioned the photos of empty shelves. The media in low–middle-income countries are 1.5 times more likely to include expert opinion (p = 0.03), 2.1 times more likely to discuss rumours regarding PB (p = 0.001), almost thrice more likely to report the cause of PB (p = 0.001), and thrice more likely to mention its impact (p = 0.001).

Conclusion
Media has been portraying more negative aspects of PB. Further, there are variations in reporting patterns between high-income and low–middle-income countries.
The Movement of Repetition: Incorporation through Mimetic, Ritual and Imaginative Movements
Authors: Wulf Christoph 
Published: October 2020

Summary
The movement of repetition is irrevocably linked to the constitution of the human body and is therefore a human condition. The process of hominisation makes this clear. In the body of Homo sapiens and in his movements a connection between nature and culture is created. The movement of repetition is of central importance. Repetition is essential for the evolution of Homo sapiens, the development of communities and individuals. Repetitions are mimetic; they lead to productive imitations in which new elements and events also emerge. Mimetic movements and the repetitive aspects they contain open up the historical and cultural world to people. Repetitions in rituals lead to the acquisition of an implicit silent practical body knowledge. The emotions arising in mimetic processes are movements through which an orientation in the world takes place. The imaginations based on the eccentricity of the human being and on movements of repetition contribute to the development of a collective and individual imaginary.
Seeing the Situational Gestalt - Movement in Therapeutic Spaces
Authors: Buchholz Michael B. 
Published: October 2020

SummaryThis paper starts with a short review of recent developments in psychotherapy process research and analyzes that a medical, or better, technical approach in process research – using words such as ‘intervention’, ‘effect’ and ‘outcome’ – is gradually acknowledged as only one side of psychotherapy; the other, more human or ‘humanistic’ side, is ‘conversation’, described by prominent authors as ‘low technology’. Conversation analysis cannot study psychotherapy as a whole. Sessions are subdivided into ‘situations’. What are situations? I make a proposal to answer this question by three components: open up, select and control options. Then, 11 transcribed extracts from psychoanalytical therapy sessions are used to describe three types of situations and the special kind of requirements they demand from a therapist. Obviously, such situations appear during a session, they can be handled if therapists are sensitized for certain difficulties to arise. Shift-of-situation and double meaning are new observations in this approach to define the situational gestalt and train ‘seeing’ it.
Learning outcomes physiotherapy in neurology – a structured consensus finding of the Austrian University Network Physiotherapy in Neurology (ÖHPN) / Learning Outcomes Physiotherapie in der Neurologie – eine strukturierte Konsensfindung des österreichischen Hochschulnetzwerkes Physiotherapie in der Neurologie (ÖHPN)
Authors: Lotter Karin , Kidritsch Anita , Aftenberger Hannes , Mayrhofer Gabriele , Polanz Karin , Riedl Tanja , Seiringer Lisa , Wess Theres , Winkler Agnes , Wolf Brigitte , Pilsl Elisabeth , Bauer-Horvath Heike 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundEuropean Standards and Guidelines for Quality Assurance in tertiary education at Universities of Applied Sciences recommend a high level of competence orientation. This can be achieved and evaluated by the definition of Learning Outcomes. Furthermore, these Outcomes can assure a comparison of the level of education after graduation. Efforts should be made to achieve this form of Quality Assurance for the professional education of physiotherapists.ObjectiveThe aim of this paper is to state consensus of the Austrian Universities of Applied Sciences Network for Physiotherapy in Neurology through the definition of shared Learning Outcomes for the field of Neurology for undergraduate physiotherapy students.MethodsBased on the guidelines of the European Qualification Framework (EQF), Physio Austria (Austrian Association of Physiotherapists) published the competency profile for physiotherapists describing learning outcomes of EQF levels 6 as the first study cycle with Bachelor degree. Specific learning outcomes for Physiotherapy in Neurology were added for the further development and differentiated assurance of Quality Standards in coordination with experts from the Universities of Applied Sciences in Austria.ResultsIn addition to the Learning Outcomes described in the competency profile of Physio Austria, this consensus paper describes those specifically for the EQF Level 6 of physiotherapy in neurology. Specifications in neurology were made for the following roles: Expert in Physiotherapy, Communicator, Teamworker, Health Promoter, Innovator, Health Professional.ConclusionRecommendations for quality assurance in tertiary education are actively pursued across all participating Universities of Applied Sciences. This allows a better comparability of the educational standards in Physiotherapy in Neurology in Europe as well as internationally. This is of great importance for physiotherapists as health professionals.
Assessment of the European Commission's proposals for financing the EU budget in 2021–20271
Authors: Kawecka-Wyrzykowska Elżbieta 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
A major problem in all European Union (EU) budgetary negotiations is the approach of Member States in net return terms (the fair-return approach). EU members compare their contributions to the EU budget with transfers that they receive from the budget. Net payers tend to reduce the size of the budget to contribute less. Brexit has aggravated the problem of the size of revenue (due to the United Kingdom's position as a big net payer). Also, new expenditure needs have arisen (for protecting external borders and climate, innovation, etc.). To address those needs, in 2018, the Commission submitted three proposals to supplement the current resources to finance the EU budget after the expiry of the principles of the Multiannual Financial Framework (MFF) for 2014–2020 at the end of 2020. The article aims to indicate whether the Commission's proposals are good instruments for the financing of the EU budget. The assessment relies on selected criteria based on theory. It also takes account of the feasibility of the proposals. The main conclusion is that none of the proposals meets well theoretical criteria of “genuine” EU revenue. Also, for practical reasons, it will be difficult for the Member States to come to an agreement on new budgetary resources. All proposals would be relatively costly for Poland.
The importance of social media on the FMCG market in Bangladesh
Authors: Bednarz Joanna , Orelly Patricia 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Objective
The purpose of this paper is twofold: first, to identify the general use of the internet and examples of main social media used by residents of Bangladesh and second, to discover their potential in building marketing communication between FMCG manufacturers and consumers.

Methods
The research method used is a quantitative survey (face-to-face interviews) on the sample of 100 consumers conducted in September 2019 in Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh.

Key findings
The majority of respondents have regular access to internet facilities and mainly two social media platforms are used: Facebook and YouTube. Product informations are sent to these media platforms for making purchasing decisions of the products of the FMCG market. Mostly males and the youngest group of respondents show the highest interest to social media.

Originality
This study contributes to the literature to develop the understanding of marketing communications from the perspective of FMCG manufacturers entering Bangladesh, as it is being the emerging market.
Will shared leadership engenders innovative work behaviors among salesmen toward improved performance?
Authors: Ayodele Oniku , Kehinde Mokwenyei Anita 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Studies have shown that issue of shared leadership is directly related to leadership style adopted in the organization, which is germane and strategic to teamwork to effectuate high business performance across industries. The study looks at the relationship between the different leadership styles and innovative work behaviors (IWBs) that would ultimately lead to improved performance in financial sector among sales team. Thus, the study examines the operational frameworks of the different leadership styles and the effects on IWBs vis-à-vis sales team work in the financial industry. The case of financial industry stems from the fact that operations are currently changing from arm-chair marketing to aggressive selling strategy to improve customer base and financial inclusion in the economy. The study found out that leadership styles—transformational leadership, individual empowering leadership (IEL), team empowering leadership, and participative leadership (PL) are very strategic to sales teamwork, but IEL and PL are more strategic and performance-enhancing to behaviorIWB in financial sector sales teamwork.
Quality Attributes of Local and Imported Honeys Commercialized in Algeria
Authors: Dahmani Kheira , Houdeib Jinane B. , Zouambi Amina , Bendeddouche Badis , Fernández-Muiño Miguel , Osés Sandra M. , Teresa Sancho M. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This study was aimed to assess quality, authentication parameters and trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) of Algerian and imported honeys sold in Algerian markets. Results indicated that 80% Algerian samples fulfilled international standards, whereas only 21.4% imported honeys were in agreement with the current regulations. 13.3% Algerian samples and 7.1% imported honeys showed values of proline lower than 180 mg/kg, which is the recommended limit for authentic honeys. Comparing Algerian and imported honeys, electrical conductivity, degrees Brix, diastase activities and proline contents were higher in Algerian honeys, in contrast to moisture percentages, hydroxymethylfurfural contents and acid phospatase activities that were higher in imported honeys. Methanolic extracts of Algerian samples were richer both in total phenolics and flavonoids determined in alkaline medium. There were not significant differences between Algerian and imported samples concerning pH, free acid, invertase, total carotenoid, total phenolics of raw honeys and TEAC, as well as regarding total flavonoids determined in neutral medium and o-diphenols of honeys’ methanolic extracts. Principal components analysis showed a good separation between Algerian and imported samples, only one multifloral Algerian honey being misclassified. Our research showed that a legal frame for Algerian honeys is of utmost importance. Spurge-labeled honeys were grouped, showing interesting common features that should be taken into account in a future regulation, in which a protected designation of origin for spurge honeys could be considered.