bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knowledge, attitude and action of farmers in controlling plant pest and disease of potato in Garut, West Java
Authors: Munif A , Rachmawati V 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the 5 leading commodities of seasonal vegetables and a source of income for people in Indonesia. Plant pests and diseases are still the main obstacles in potato production. Since 1992, the government of Indonesia has determined that control of plant pest and disease should be carried out with an integrated pest management system (IPM). The objective of this research was to study the implementation of an integrated pest management (IPM) system of pests and diseases of potato by farmers in Cikajang and Cisurupan sub-district, Garut district, West Java. The study was conducted by direct interviews with 80 potato farmers as respondents. The selection of respondent farmers was carried out systematically. The results of study showed that the majority of the respondents were able to identify the types of the importance pests and diseases of potatoes and their impact on crop losses. Likewise, some of farmers have implemented of several IPM components in controlling pests and diseases, including good practices in soil management, providing manure and synthetic fertilizers, using healthy seeds, observing pests and diseases routinely in the field. In controlling action of plant pest and disease on potato, the majority of respondent used synthetic pesticides. They applied pesticides every week and often used more than 2 types or mixing 2 or 3 types of pesticides in each application.
Expert system application: the smart tools for citrus pest and disease management
Authors: Wuryantini S , Harwanto  , Endarto O , Wicaksono R C 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Expert system technology of the citrus pest and diseases was created by Indonesian Citrus and Subtropical Fruits Research Institute (ICSFRI). This technology was developed to overcome problem with delayed disease monitoring. If the pest attack was not immediately resolved, it would cause more serious damages to the plant and would cause decreasing in the quantity and quality of the citrus yield. In order to anticipate the delay in control, an observation or monitoring carried out during the critical period of the plant was necessary to be done. This technology was in the form of a web-based or android-based program or software application system that was used to monitor citrus pest and disease. The use of this expert system application had been validated in several citrus center areas in Indonesia, i.e. Jember and Banyuwangi, East Java; Sambas - West Kalimantan; Barito Kuala - South Kalimantan and Bangli - Bali. Observation using this application, the data of pest and diseases status at a certain time and location were automatically be recorded in the system and immediately would be known whether or not the control was needed. Thus, the use of this technology as a tool for monitoring citrus pests and disease can be used as a reference for Early Warning System on citrus pest and disease control.
Bioreduction properties of Pometia pinnata J. R. Forst. & G. Forst (Sapindaceae) for silver nanoparticles synthesis
Authors: Pridyantari A P , Ningrum A S , Handayani W , Imawan C 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPlant extracts have been recognized as a substitute for chemical reducing agents in the synthesis of nanoparticles. Plants with antioxidants, including phenols and flavonoids, are expected to be reducing agents. Preliminary research has shown thatPometia pinnata(Matoa) stem bark aqueous extract can be used for silver nanoparticle (AgNP) biosynthesis. However, the compounds that serve as reducing agents in this process are still unknown. In this study, we studied antioxidant strength using DPPH radical reduction method. AgNP biosynthesis was performed by mixing powdered Matoa stem bark aqueous extract (2 %) with 1 mM AgNO3 (1:2). Further, pH of the Matoa stem bark aqueous extract was varied (pH 4, 7, 9 and 11), and one sample without pH adjustment was used as the control. Additionally, we synthesized AgNPs using the standard antioxidants gallic acid and rutin trihydrate. Our results showed that with increasing pH, changes in the color of solutions and escalation of UV–Vis spectrum absorbance were observed. The sizes and shapes of the AgNPs were further characterized using TEM and PSA, which revealed spherical and short rod-shaped particles. Our findings about the strength of the antioxidant activity of the Matoa stem bark aqueous extract under different pH conditions provide relevant information on the processes that can affect silver nanoparticle biosynthesis.
Agronomic characteristics and yield component of Rojolele transgenic rice resistant to Scirpophaga incertulas in biosafety containment
Authors: Chairunisa  , Zahra F , Nugroho S 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This research observes and analyses the agronomic characteristics and yield component of six T8 generation of Rojolele transgenic rice lines (P8, Q20, U10, W3, X22, Y7) harboring Cry1B::Cry1Aa gene fusion conferring resistance to yellow stem borer (Schirphopaga interculas) compared to the nontransgenic Rojolele control plants. The experiment was done in a biosafety containment at the Research Centre for Biotechnology-LIPI in a (4.0 x 3.2) m2 pot with 50 cm spacing amongst lines and 25 cm between plants of the same line with 10 replicates each line. PCR analysis using Cry1B::Cry1Aa specific primer showed that all lines tested were transgenic as shown by the presence of 816 bp amplicon. The W3 transgenic line had the most similar agronomic characteristics to the Rojolele control plants in terms of plant height, leaf length, tiller numbers, stem diameter and flowering time. Yield components of the W3 line such as panicle length and total grains were also the closest to the Rojolele control plants compared to other transgenic lines. However, the number of empty grains was the highest. In general, the agronomic characteristics and yield component of all transgenic lines were less than of the Rojolele control plants.
Seagrass bed status: Case study of Panjang Island, Banten Bay
Authors: Hesdianti E , Patria M P 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Seagrass community status was measured using a vegetation analysis method at three observation stations in Panjang Island, Banten Bay. Each station was transected by three lines that divided these stations into plots measuring 50 × 50 cm to record the seagrasses species found, number of seagrass shoots, and coverage. In addition, measurements of water quality parameters, including temperature, salinity, pH, brightness, and sediment grains at each station, sediment grain. A Pearson’s correlation test was conducted to determine the correlation between sediment and seagrass density. The measurement of water quality in Panjang Island indicates optimal conditions for seagrass growth, with sediment mixed with clay and sand rubble. The seagrasses found were Enhalus acoroides, Cymodocea serrulata, Syringodium isoetifolium, Halodule uninervis, and Halophila ovalis. The seagrass community in Panjang Island has good coverage (60.16 %) and high density levels (235.03 ind/m2). S. isoetifolium was the dominant seagrass with an importance value (IV) of 119.90. The correlation test showed that mud and clay sediments correlated with the density of E. acoroides.
Carbon uptake and stock potency in Tunda Island mangrove ecosystem, Serang, Banten, Indonesia
Authors: Apriyani V , Soedjiarti T , Patria M P 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Research on carbon uptake and stock potency in Tunda Island mangrove ecosystem was conducted from April to June 2016. The aims of the present study were to analyze carbon stock and uptake, identify the mangrove species most able to take up and store carbon, and estimate the carbon price of Tunda Island mangrove ecosystem. Transects were established at six stations, representative of the southern and eastern areas of mangrove vegetation in Tunda Island. Results show that the biomass of Tunda Island mangrove ecosystem was 196.76 ton/ha, the carbon stock was 91.48 ton/ha, and carbon uptake was 335.06 ton/ha. At the tree and sapling level, the greatest carbon stock and uptake value was found in Excoecaria agallocha species with 107.47 ton/ha and 392.23 ton/ha, respectively. Tunda Island mangrove ecosystem has an estimated total carbon price of Rp. 88,690,382–Rp. 221,725,955 per hectare.
3D inversion modelling of gravity data to identify gold mineralization zones in region “X”, Pongkor
Authors: Rosid M S , Riska I A , Jaman A P 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Gold originates from hydrothermal liquids and is deposited in the form of epithermal deposits. Structures such as faults play an important role in the process of gold deposition because they form hydrothermal flow paths to the surface. One method that can be used for gold exploration is the gravity method. This method can identify gold mineralization zones in the faults of a research area. Three-dimensional (3D) inversion modeling can be used to obtain further information on a target. Such modeling allows the process to be more realistic because the geometry model can be fitted to the actual conditions in the field, which allows the measurements to be more accurate. The gravity data acquisition for this study was performed by PT. Antam Tbk gold mining company in Pongkor. The hydrothermal deposit area is categorized as containing low sulfidation epithermal deposits. Analysis and interpretation of the gravity data were performed using derivative analyses, a spectrum analysis, and 3D gravity inversion modeling. The results show gold mineralization zones in the middle of the study area that have high gravity anomalies at the faults. There are eight faults detected in the potential gold mineralization zone. From the inversion result, the density of the rocks in the gold mineralization zone was determined to be in the range of 2.80–3.34 g/cm3.
Socio-economic changes around Jatigede reservoir, Kabupaten Sumedang, Jawa Barat
Authors: Susilowati M H D , Setiadi H , Hikmawati F R 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Construction of Jatigede Reservoir raises socio-economic changes in the form of changes in livelihoods, incomes, and unemployment rates. This study aims to analyze how the socio-economic changes that occur in residents living around the reservoir. This study uses descriptive analysis method and spatial analysis. This study uses variables including income, livelihood, and unemployment rate. Spatial analytics are used by dividing the research area into three radius, i.e. 0–500 meters, 500–1000 meters, and 100–1500 meters from Jatigede Reservoir. High socio-economic changes occur in areas with high and medium farmer densities. The largest socio-economic change is in the radius of 0–500 meters from the reservoir. The changes of income are always follows the changes of livelihood, but the changes of unemployment rates are not always follows the changes of livelihood.
Microstructure and mechanical properties of Ni-Al intermetallic thin coatings produced by magnetron sputtering
Authors: Ogneva T S , Ruktuev A A , Lazurenko D V , Khomyakov M , Karmanova A 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
In the present study the thin NiAl intermetallic foils formed on different types of substrates by magnetron sputtering technique were investigated. To provide the deposition of intermetallic NiAl compound in one step without additional heat treatment the composite targets assembled from parts of Al and Al plates were used. The structure of formed thin NiAl coatings was studied using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. Mechanical properties were assessed by nanohardness indentation and wear testing of deposited coatings. During sputtering the distance from the target to the substrates varied from 60 to 100 mm to estimate the effect of this parameter on structure and properties of the coatings. The results revealed that thin coatings sputtered at the closer distance from the target to the substrates had the higher hardness about 11 GPa and exhibited the high level of wear properties.
Main problems of mathematical modeling high energies plasma technologies
Authors: Bogdanovich V I , Giorbelidze M G 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Some fundamental problems of mathematical modeling of processes to get coatings using vacuum ion-plasma method have been formulated. It has been introduce a notion of an active surface zone to describe non-thermal activation. It has been shown that non-thermal activation processes can be explained because of the surface focuson effect. Main evolution stages of conversion of absorbed particles have been described based on probability theory. Some general theoretical relations applied in the theory of formation of a new phase on a surface of a solid body have been defined.
The wear resistance additive products derived from EED cobalt powder
Authors: Ageev E V , Altukhov A Yu , Ageeva E V 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The main claim for powders for additive 3D technologies is a spherical shape of particles. Such particles are the most compact, packed in a certain volume and provide "fluidity" of the powder composition in the material supply systems with the least resistance. The wide use of the method of metal waste recycling into powders for their reuse and application in additive technologies is constrained by the lack of scientific and technical literature complete information on the impact of the original composition, modes and environment on the powder properties and practical application technologies. Therefore, comprehensive theoretical and practical researches are required to develop technologies for the reuse of electro-erosion powders and to estimate the effectiveness of their use. The aim of the work was to study the wear resistance of additive product samples, obtained from cobalt-chromium electro-erosion powder. The wear resistance of the samples was studied on a high-temperature tribometer manufactured by CCM tools. The friction coefficient (initial, maximum and average) is determined on the basis of the wear resistance assessment. The wear coefficient value of the statistical partner and the wear coefficient of the electric spark coating were also identified. The visual image of the wear trace and the wear groove profile of the electro-spark coating are shown.
Factors influencing strength and direction of natural ventilation pressure in general mines to control mine airing
Authors: Lyalkina G B , Nikolaev A V , Makarychev N S 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The article presents three main factors, influencing the strength of natural ventilating pressure in general mines between the shafts: gas emission from mines (air density changes due to the change in concentration of other gases), changes of air parameters taken in by ventilating shafts, and air pressure due to the productivity shifts of the Main Fan Unit (or other devices for positive and negative control of air distribution). According to the experiment data the equations mentioned in other works for calculating natural ventilating pressure in general mines and taking into account the parameters of the air taken in are precise. Applying these formulas basing on the results of hydro meteorological forecast, whose accuracy in the short-term forecast is also high, it is possible predict the operating mode of the system of ventilation.
Porous carbon prepared from lotus leaves as potential adsorbent for efficient removal of rhodamine B
Authors: Li Aihua , Huang Wei , Qiu Na , Mou Fei , Wang Feng 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Lotus leaf porous carbon (LLPC) prepared from waste lotus leaves has a large specific surface area (2440 m2 g−1), and is used for the adsorption of rhodamine B (RhB) from wastewater in this study. The effects of different parameters such as LLPC dose, initial pH of wastewater, adsorption time, initial RhB concentration, and temperature on adsorption have been systematically explored. Notably, 100% removal efficiency of RhB (60 ppm) is obtained at a low LLPC concentration of 0.125 g l−1. The adsorption equilibrium with a maximum theoretical adsorption capacity of 718.9 mg g−1 at 313 K is described by the Langmuir isotherm. The results for removal efficiency as a function of time are consistent with the pseudo second-order kinetic model and the adsorption process is dominated by chemisorption. Thermodynamic studies confirm that RhB absorption by LLPC is spontaneous at 313 K. The experiments conducted to determine the adsorption mechanism show that intraparticle diffusion is not the only rate-limiting step during adsorption, and the boundary effect becomes more dominant with an increase in adsorption time. The excellent RhB adsorption performance of LLPC and adsorption mechanism afford novel insights into this process for the application of biomass materials in wastewater treatment.
Effect of piezoelectric patch on natural frequencies of Timoshenko beam made of functionally graded material
Authors: Khiem Nguyen Tien , Hai Tran Thanh , Huong Luu Quynh 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The present paper addresses developing the Dynamic Stiffness Method (DSM) for natural frequency analysis of functionally graded beam with piezoelectric patch based on the Timoshenko beam theory and power law of material grading. Governing equations and general solution of free vibration are conducted for the beam element with piezoelectric layer that is modelled as a homogeneous Timoshenko beam. The obtained solution allows establishing dynamic stiffness matrix for modal analysis of FGM beam with bonded piezoelectric distributed sensors/actuators. Effect of thickness and position of the smart sensors/actuators and material parameters on natural frequencies is studied with the aim for dynamic testing and health monitoring of FGM structures. The theoretical developments are validated and illustrated by numerical examples.
The State of Bee Monitoring in the United States: A Call to Refocus Away From Bowl Traps and Towards More Effective Methods
Authors: Portman Zachary M , Bruninga-Socolar Bethanne , Cariveau Daniel P 
Published: April 2020

AbstractEffective monitoring is necessary to provide robust detection of bee declines. In the United States and worldwide, bowl traps have been increasingly used to monitor native bees and purportedly detect declines. However, bowl traps have a suite of flaws that make them poorly equipped to monitor bees. We outline the drawbacks of bowl traps, as well as other passive sampling methods. We emphasize that current methods do not monitor changes in bee abundance. We then propose future approaches to improve bee monitoring efforts, which include improving our understanding of the efficacy and drawbacks of current methods, novel molecular methods, nest censusing, mark-recapture, sampling of focal plant taxa, and detection of range contractions. Overall, we hope to highlight deficiencies of the current state of bee monitoring, with an aim to stimulate research into the efficacy of existing methods and promote novel methods that provide meaningful data that can detect declines without squandering limited resources.
DeepNano-blitz: a fast base caller for MinION nanopore sequencers
Authors: Boža Vladimír , Perešíni Peter , Brejová Broňa , Vinař Tomáš 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Motivation
Oxford Nanopore MinION is a portable DNA sequencer that is marketed as a device that can be deployed anywhere. Current base callers, however, require a powerful GPU to analyze data produced by MinION in real time, which hampers field applications.

Results
We have developed a fast base caller DeepNano-blitz that can analyze stream from up to two MinION runs in real time using a common laptop CPU (i7-7700HQ), with no GPU requirements. The base caller settings allow trading accuracy for speed and the results can be used for real time run monitoring (i.e. sample composition, barcode balance, species identification, etc.) or prefiltering of results for more detailed analysis (i.e. filtering out human DNA from human–pathogen runs).

Availability and implementation
DeepNano-blitz has been developed and tested on Linux and Intel processors and is available under MIT license at https://github.com/fmfi-compbio/deepnano-blitz.

Contact
vladimir.boza@fmph.uniba.sk

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Overview of the Nontyphoidal and Paratyphoidal Salmonella Vaccine Pipeline: Current Status and Future Prospects
Authors: Baliban Scott M , Lu Ying-Jie , Malley Richard 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Nontyphoidal Salmonella and Salmonella Paratyphi are responsible for significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. To date, no vaccine has been licensed against these organisms. The development of effective vaccines remains an urgent priority. In this review, the rationale for and current status of various vaccine candidates against S. Paratyphi and nontyphoidal Salmonella are presented, with a focus on the research findings from the 2019 International Conference on Typhoid and Other Invasive Salmonelloses. Additionally, other vaccine candidates that are currently undergoing clinical development are highlighted. Future approaches, which may include antigens that are genetically conserved across Salmonella and confer broad, non–serotype-specific protection, are also discussed.
Operational considerations for peritoneal dialysis management during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Yang Zhikai , Dong Jie 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious respiratory disease caused by a novel coronavirus—severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). It is spread from human to human and has resulted in a global pandemic, posing a disastrous public health risk worldwide. Patients with chronic kidney disease, especially those on dialysis, are considered to be at higher risk of developing severe COVID-19 due to their immunocompromised status and frail condition. The home treatment setting of peritoneal dialysis (PD) has advantages in terms of implementing self-care when routine hospital visits and social activities are restricted, thus greatly reducing exposure of PD patients to the virus.

Methods and Results
We outline general operational considerations in PD management during the COVID-19 pandemic, including precautionary measures for PD patients and healthcare staff. Precautionary measures for PD patients include education on prevention of, and screening for, COVID-19, preclinic screening, in-clinic management, meticulous remote patient management and special hospitalization arrangements. The diagnosis and treatment of PD patients with COVID-19 are discussed. Precautionary measures for PD staff include continuous education on, and training in, COVID-19, exposure history surveillance and self-monitoring for COVID-19 among healthcare personnel, appropriate personal protective equipment and hand hygiene, organization of medical activities and staffing, and adequate environment cleaning.

Conclusions
This is a battle of the entire human society against the novel coronavirus. Integrated teamwork among healthcare providers, supported by society as a whole, is needed as part of the ongoing public health response to try to slow the spread of COVID-19.