bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of LF-software for modeling of rifining processes in a ladle -furnace
Authors: Komolova O.A. , Grigorovich K.V. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The modern production technology’s of steel is based on the production of metal with narrow intervals of chemical composition, alloying elements and decreasing contents of non metallic inclusions. Mathematical models help to carrying out the process along the optimal way with minimal energy and material costs, reducing emissions. That allows to optimize production technologies, to provide a reduction the cost of steel, high production stability. An original mathematical model for the dynamic simulating of steel treatment technology has been developed. Physical and chemical models based on the law of conservation of mass and energy, as well as the principles of non equilibrium thermodynamics were used. All the stages of the process (zones) were taken into consideration in this software. This software takes into account input data such as: ladle equipment facilities, initial temperatures of slag and metal mass and chemical compositions, input time and mass of additives, blowing, electrical and time regimes, thermodynamic database, thermal, physical and chemical databases for additives and inert gas, production database (for statistics). For validation of the software, the results of ladle treatment of real heats of steel and sampling control results were used.
Development of digital twins and optimization of resource-efficient steelmaking technologies
Authors: Grigorovich K V , Komolova O A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In this study, mathematical models, algorithms and software for dynamic simulating of processing technologies in a ladle furnace and vacuum degassers were developed, and a new method for optimizing ladle processing technologies for various steel grades was created. Physicochemical models were developed based on the laws of conservation of mass and energy, as well as the principles of non-equilibrium thermodynamics. The developed software allows us to calculate the basic characteristics of steel refining processes, such as temperature and chemical composition of slag and steel melts, kinetics of refining processes, economic indicators, energy and resource efficiency of technologies. To validate the software, the results of industrial hits and the results of the control of metal and slag were used. Nonmetallic inclusion analysis procedures have been developed using the fractional gas analysis method to control of steel cleanness and to detect and adjust the sources of inclusions formation at all stages of ladle furnace steel processing. For various steel grades, it was shown that it is possible to successfully optimize technologies using a combination of developed modeling software and fractional gas analysis. A mathematical model for the interaction of a high chromium iron base melt with a low temperature plasma was developed. Comparison of the experimental results in DC arc furnace with calculating data is in a good agreement.
Study of the influence of thermal treatment on the structure and mechanical properties of carbon rail steel
Authors: Nagicheva G S , Nokhrin A V , Piskunov A V , Melekhin N V 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The article provides the results of investigation of the way various types of thermal treatment affect the microstructure parameters and mechanical properties of grade 76HF (R65) carbon rail steels produced by Russian and Japanese manufacturers and used for the production of R65 rails. We determined the optimal heat treatment conditions to provide an increased microhardness and wear resistance of rail steel.
The Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 308L Alloy Fabricated by Micro-plasma Arc Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Ren Xianghui , Yu Chen , Zhang Wenjie 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In this article, micro-plasma arc additive manufacturing of 308L alloy was conducted and the microstructures and mechanical properties of the fabricated specimens were investigated. Micro-plasma arc was adopted as heat source and forming paths were varied during wire and arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) by using ER308l wire. The results showed that the Z-type forming path specimen’s quality was better than the unidirectional forming path’s. Analysis of the microstructures and mechanical properties of the specimens showed that the Z-type forming path specimen had a higher tensile strength, hardness value and percentage of elongation than unidirectional forming path specimen. The Z-type forming path and the unidirectional forming path specimens’ microstructures were both composed of austenite and ferrite, but the Z-type forming path specimen’s microstructure had larger grain size and it showed a distinct crossed microstructure.
Testing of materials perspective for nuclear fusion reactors with inertial plasma confinement by Plasma Focus and laser devices
Authors: Gribkov V A , Demina E V , Kazilin E E , Latyshev S V , Maslyaev S A , Pimenov V N , Paduch M , Zielinska E , Laas T 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
A survey of consequences on recent testing of materials perspective for the fist-wall components of nuclear fusion chambers with inertial plasma confinement is presented. The main instruments in these irradiation experiments were Dense Plasm Foci facilities of different energy levels and Nd-glass lasers. Results of investigations of physical processes of interaction of powerful plasma jets, streams of fast ions and laser beams with the targets under tests are discussed. Subsequent analytical researches of various characteristics of damageability of dissimilar samples – both surface and bulk of them – are debated.
Modification of non-woven materials based on sodium alginate for tissue-engineering
Authors: Tenchurin T Kh , Pavlovsky M M , Shepelev A D , Mamagulashvilli V G , Gomzyak V I , Sedush N G , Krasheninnikov S V , Puchkov A A , Malakhov S N , Sharikov R V , Chvalun S N 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This article describes the fabrication of non-woven fibrous materials based on sodium alginate by electrospinning and their modification with RGD peptides. The rheological properties of sodium alginate solutions are investigated. A defect-free fibrous material with an average fiber diameter of 180 nm was obtained. Ionic and covalent crosslinking of sodium alginate was carried out.
Effect of carbonaceous matter on copper behavior in bioleaching from waste printed circuit boards
Authors: Zhao Qianfei , Yang Hongying , Tong Linlin 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In this paper, the effects of humic acid, activated carbon and graphite on the bioleaching behavior of copper from waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs) with HQ0211 bacteria strain have been investigated. The compatibility test and the optimal additive amount of carbonaceous matter and the mechanism analysis were studied. It was demonstrated that humic acid has good compatibility with microorganisms. Humic acid can significantly promote the dissolution rate of copper with appropriate amount. The addition of activated carbon and graphite could inhibit the growth of bacteria. And the inhibition was weakened on the bioleaching process. The optimal condition of bioleaching copper was WPCBs 50 g L−1, initial pH 1.5, bacterial leaching time 7 days, the leaching rate of copper increased by 11.08%, 8.71% and 6.84% respectively in the experimental group with proper dosage of humic acid, activated carbon and graphite.
Application of atomic absorption spectroscopy method for platinum content determination to study functionalization of bone substitute materials with anticancer drug
Authors: Volchenkova V A , Kazenas E K , Kuvshinova E A , Petrakova N V , Smirnova V B , Andreeva N A , Fomina O N , Sergeeva N S , Barinov S M , Komlev V S 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMethods of quantitative determination of the platinum content in high-salt solutions have been developed using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). Definitions were carried out for small volume bioassays during the research of functionalization of calcium phosphate substitute materials with anticancer drug, cisplatin. The conditions for the determination of Pt in the flame were optimized. The effects of the cisplatin matrix solutions, salt components and concentrations on the Pt absorption value were found out. The relevance of application of the flame version of the AAS method was shown in order to determine the platinum content in high-salt solutions, over 200 g/l, without matrix separation in a wide range of Pt concentrations from 0.1 to 50 µg/ml. This issue was targeted through the estimation of efficiency of Pt-containing drug incorporation and its dynamics release as an application method in the development of drug delivery systems for bone tumors treatment.
New technologies for obtaining thermoelectric materials
Authors: Ivanova L D , Granatkina Yu V , Malchev A G , Nikhezina I Yu 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
New technologies have been developed for production of thermoelectric materials based on fast melt crystallization rates on a cooled rotating disk (melt spinning) and on fast melt solidification in a liquid using the example of bismuth and antimony chalcogenides solid solutions. The use of the developed technologies allows to prepared materials with high strength and thermoelectric characteristics, which significantly exceed the characteristics of materials obtained by traditional methods.
Synthesis of new materials through microwave discharge initiated by pulses of high power gyrotron in the mixtures of metal and dielectric powders
Authors: Akhmadullina N S , Skvortsova N N , Stepakhin V D , Konchekov E M , Letunov A A , Kargin Yu F , Konovalov A A , Shishilov O N 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Herein we describe a new plasma chemical method for synthesis of new materials. Plasma was generated as a result of microwave discharge initiated by pulses of high power gyrotron in the mixtures of metal and dielectric powders. The gyrotron operates at frequency of 75 GHz giving pulses with duration of 2-12 ms and power up to 550 kW. Mixtures of Al with Al2O3, AlN, melamine and NH4Cl were treated with the pulses in the specially constructed plasma chemical reactor, which allowed to collect products of the process and to carry out real time monitoring of the process with low- and high-speed cameras and spectrometers. We observed a complicate oscillating process, which led to formation of micro dispersed materials containing phases usually formed at high temperatures. It was shown that plasma temperature in all the experiments was at least 2500 K in all reaction areas and above 3500 K in main reaction zone. We also realized that addition of hydrogen-containing substances (e.g. C2B10H12) resulted in a noticeable intensification of the process – highly likely due to the change of reactions pathways through an involvement of hydrogen into the intermediate stages. Obtained data confirm that microwave discharge is a promising method for synthesis of new materials including fine structure materials, e.g. consisting of major phase micro particles covered with a thin layer of minor phase.
Some specific aspects of the process of production of pseudo-alloyed coatings by thermal spraying
Authors: Elaguina O Y , Gusev V M , Prygaev A K , Nesterenko N S 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Pseudo-alloyed coatings are formed of two or more metals which keep interfaces and do not combine into entire phases in the process of application. Components included in pseudo-alloyed coatings usually stand in marked contrast by their physical and mechanical properties. It allows the production of a new range of properties depending on the combination of the used metals. Specific aspects of the process of production of pseudo-alloyed coatings by thermal spraying and impact of technology factors on the adhesive strength of the coating with the parent metal were examined in the present work.
Application of welding robot system in flame brazing of pipe parts for household appliances
Authors: Li Su , Ren Xianghui , Xin Yanggui , Liu Dan , Gao Shiyi 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Pipe parts are an important part of the interior of household appliances. For the problem of low efficiency of traditional manual brazing and easy generation of welding defects such as blowholes and large welds, the robot flame brazing system has been developed to reduce this situation. It has reduced the dependence of pipe fittings welding on welder skills, while reduced labor intensity and improved production efficiency. It can save a lot of labor costs for enterprises and can be widely used in the household appliance industry.
Features of crosslinking polymerization in laser stereolithography
Authors: Nikitin A N , Cherebylo S A , Ipolitov E V , Kamaev S V , Markov M A , Novikov M M , Vnuk V V 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The model of crosslinking polymerization in photopolymer for laser stereolithography has been proposed. The feature of this polymerization is that the initiation takes place by an irradiation with single pulse that should be enough to solidify the chosen parts of photopolymer. It is shown that despite of such initiation the polymerization passes the gel point due to the fast forming and crosslinking of polyradicals resulting in gel macromolecules. The influence of different factors (termination, trapping, crosslinking, cyclization) on position of the gel point is investigated. Branched level of macromolecules formed during polymerization is found to be mainly dependent on the rate of cyclization.
Synthesis and electrospinning of star-shaped poly(L-lactide) with different arm lengths
Authors: Puchkov A A , Tenchurin T Kh , Mamagulashvili V G , Shepelev A D , Kalinin K T , Kadina Yu A , Kamyshinsky R A , Sedush N G , Chvalun S N 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Star-shaped biodegradable poly(L-lactide)s are perspective materials with tailored properties and degradation rates which can be controlled by number and length of the arms. Star-shaped 6-arm poly(L-lactide)s with arm lengths from 10 to 50 units were synthesized by ring-opening polymerization and studied by NMR, GPC and DSC. The effect of arm length on electrospinning of the star-shaped polymers was demonstrated. Structure of non-woven materials based on star-shaped PLLA and its mixtures with linear high molecular weight PLLA and PEO was studied.
Effect of laser energy density on microstructure and properties of laser cladding coating by powder feeding method
Authors: Wang Xu , Huang Enze , Guang Yu Yue , Du Kaiping , Li Zhengqiu 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In this paper, the microstructure of laser cladding layer was studied under two laser conditions. The microstructure of laser cladding layer was characterized as directional rapid solidification. On the premise of forming a good metallurgical bond between the coating and the matrix, higher laser energy density was harmful to refine the coating structure and reduce the microhardness of the coating.
Microwave-induced phase transformations of iron oxide particles
Authors: Kanygina O N , Filyak M M , Chetverikova A G , Berdinsky V L 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The article presents results of study of α-Fe2O3 response on microwave treatment. Microwave influence on iron oxides constituting nature occurring kaolinite clay were studied by a complex of methods. The original sample S0 was made from fine-dispersed Fe2O3 iron oxide particles. Sample S1 was produced via treatment with 2.45 GHz microwave field. Microwave treatment induced structure changes in iron oxides which manifest themselves through polymorphic changes. X-ray phase analysis shown that a deformation polymorphic transformation α-Fe2O3→γ-Fe2O3 takes place and two-phase hematite-maghemite state is formed. Problem of faint and overlapping diffraction peaks resolution is solved with wavelet transformation skeleton technique. Crystal particles of S0 sample are α-Fe2O3 hematite particles with rhombohedral lattice. After microwave treatment sample S1 developed new diffraction peaks corresponding to cubic γ-Fe2O3 maghemite crystal system. Polymorphic transition is accompanied with morphological changes. After the treatment surfaces of large particles are covered with smaller particles which are proved by the increase of samples fractal dimension from 2.83 to 2.85. Powder color changes from red-orange to dark brown which results in changes of all color parameters; the red component experience the biggest suppression and it is suppressed by the factor 2.
Charge-discharge properties of (Pb, Ba)Nb2O6-NaNbO3-SiO2 glass-ceramics under high electric fields
Authors: Zhang Qingmeng , Yang Jian , Chen Junyou , Yang Zhimin , Mao Changhui 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In the work, 6 PbO-4 BaO-20 Na2O-40 Nb2O5-30 SiO2 glass-ceramic plates with large size were successfully fabricated. The sizes of glass ceramic dielectrics are 100 mm×100 mm×4 mm and the corresponding capacitances is 4.5 nF. Charge-discharge properties of glass-ceramic capacitors were investigated by measuring their hysteresis loops and pulsed discharge current-time curves with different RLC load and discharged voltages. The results show that the glass ceramic capacitors have high discharge energy efficiency at high electric field. The discharged energy efficiency is 92% calculated from P-E curves under 15kV/mm. Moreover, for the capacitor with the capacitance of 4.5 nF, over 73% of stored energy was released within 200 ns under 11.25 kV/mm. The glass-ceramic capacitors are very promising for pulsed power applications.
The behavior of radioactive metals (Am, Eu, Sr) during the processing of radioactive graphite in salt melts
Authors: Barbin N M , Kobelev A M , Terent’ev D I , Alekseev S G 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The behavior of Am, Eu, Sr radionuclides was investigated by thermodynamic modeling method at heating of radioactive graphite in NaCl – KCl – Na2CO3 – K2CO3 molten salt with additives of nickel oxide NiO. The integrated thermodynamic analysis was carried out by means of TERRA software in temperature range 373-3273 K to determine possible composition of condensed and gaseous phases. It was established that americium is in gaseous state in temperature range 2773-3273 K. Europium is in the forms of gaseous EuO and Eu in temperature range 2373-3273 K. Strontium is in the forms of gaseous SrCl2, SrCl, Sr, SrO in temperature range 2373-3273 K.
Discussion on hydrogen quality detection methods for polysilicon production
Authors: Wan Ye , Yan Dazhou , Xiao Jin , Chu Dongxu , Zhang Yuanyuan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This article analyzed the key factors affecting the quality of hydrogen in combination with the improved Siemens polysilicon production process, and the quality detection methods of hydrogen are discussed. Regarding the different hydrogen sources, more scientific and effective quality detection methods are proposed. It is of great significance to strengthen the quality control of polysilicon production and enhance product competitiveness.
Determination of stress concentration factors from photometric analysis data
Authors: Ermishkin VA , Kulagin S P , Minina N A , Pokrasin M A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The determination of stress concentration factors in local areas of metal structures plays an important role in the evaluation of structural strength. Existing computational methods for their evaluation take into account only the geometric characteristics of the stress concentrators, and the experimental methodologies are notable for their laboriousness and are unsuitable for use under operational conditions. The paper proposes a new method for evaluating the stress concentration factors and discusses the results of its use on the example of aluminium alloy with notches sample under fatigue test conditions.
Studies of the propagation of elastic and plastic waves in cubic single crystals
Authors: Krivosheina M N , Tuch E V , Kobenko S V 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The study of the elastic and plastic properties of a single crystal with cubic symmetry of mechanical properties under dynamic loading was carried out. In the work, the method of numerical simulation shows the effect on the output of an elastic precursor and a plastic compression wave of the orientation of the calculated coordinate system relative to the direction of loading. It is shown that the rotation of the calculated coordinate system by 450 around the axis of loading of the projectile and the target in the framework of numerical simulation of the process of shock loading affects the stress state of the target and the velocity profile of its rear surface. This is explained by the fact that in the plane of loading the elastic and plastic properties in a single crystal with cubic symmetry of properties change in accordance with the values of Euler angles.
Preparation of ultrafine α-Al2O3 powder from fly ash by ammonium sulfate roasting technology
Authors: Yan Wu , Haixia Xin , Yujun Xu , Jianan Liu 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
(NH4)2SO4 roasting technology was used for extracting alumina from fly ash which located in Shandong Zibo power plant. The roasting temperature, the mole ratio of Al2O3 to (NH4)2SO4 and roasting time on the effect of the extraction rate of alumina was studied. The optimal roasting technology condition is 380°C for 120min with mole ratio of Al2O3 to (NH4)2SO4 of 1:6. Under the optimal roasting condition, the extraction rate of Al2O3 can reached 82% and a new phase NH4Al(SO4)2 was formed in clinker. NH4Al(SO4)2 in clinker was dissolved by distilled water and then separated from silicon-rich residue by filtration. Iron in NH4Al(SO4)2 solution was removed by goethite process, and then, NH4Al(OH)2CO3 was synthesized by adding (NH4)2CO3 in NH4Al(SO4)2 solution. Ultrafine α-Al2O3 powder was prepared by calcining NH4Al(OH)2CO3 in 1200°C for 120min, which was characterized by XRD and SEM.
Nitriding in the reduction of tantalum and niobium oxide compounds with magnesium vapor
Authors: Orlov V M , Kryzhanov M V , Osaulenko R N , Lobov D V 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The nitriding of the oxide compounds Ta2O5, Nb2O5, Mg4Та2O9 и Mg4Nb2O9 was carried out in two stages: 1 — reduction of oxides at the residual pressure of nitrogen or argon in the reactor of 5-10 kPa and a temperature of 820°C for 4 hours; 2 — nitriding of the obtained products in a nitrogen atmosphere at an overpressure of 30-100 kPa and a temperature of 820 or 900°C for 3-12 hours. The phase composition of the powders obtained after magnesium oxide leaching was studied on the DRON-4 diffractometer. The specific surface area was determined by the BET method on the Tristar II 3020 Micromeritics analyzer. Powders were obtained by nitriding Та2O5 и Nb2О5 reduction products which are a mixture of nitrides of different composition. The products of the Mg4Та2O9 и Mg4Nb2O9 reduction are not nitrated.