bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of dynamic preoperative body mass index changes on patient-reported outcomes after surgery for degenerative lumbar spine disease
Authors: Siccoli Alessandro , Schröder Marc L. , Staartjes Victor E. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPsychological factors demonstrably and often massively influence outcomes of degenerative spine surgery, and one could hypothesize that preoperative weight loss may correlate with motivation and lifestyle adjustment, thus leading to potentially enhanced outcomes. We aimed to evaluate the effect of preoperative weight loss or gain, respectively, on patient-reported outcomes after lumbar spine surgery. Weight loss was defined as a BMI decrease of ≤ − 0.5 kg/m2 over a period of at least 1 month, and weight gain as a BMI increase of ≥ 0.5 kg/m2 in the same time period, respectively. The primary endpoint was set as the achievement of the minimum clinically important difference (MCID) in the ODI at 1 or 2 years postoperatively. A total of 154 patients were included. Weight loss (odds ratio (OR): 1.18, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.52 to 2.80) and weight gain (OR: 1.03, 95% CI: 0.43 to 2.55) showed no significant influence on MCID achievement for ODI compared to a stable BMI. The same results were observed when analysing long-term NRS-BP and NRS-LP. Regression analysis showed no correlation between BMI change and PROM change scores for any of the three PROMs. Adjustment for age and gender did not alter results. Our findings suggest that both preoperative weight loss and weight gain may have no measurable effect on long-term postoperative outcome compared to a stable BMI. Weight loss preoperatively—as a potential surrogate sign of patient motivation and lifestyle change—may thus not influence postoperative outcomes.
Simvastatin treatment varies the radiation response of human breast cells in 2D or 3D culture
Authors: Manda Katrin , Juerß Dajana , Fischer Paul , Schröder Annemarie , Koenen Annelie , Hildebrandt Guido 
Published: December 2020

SummaryBackgroundStatins inhibit the cholesterol biosynthesis and are used as cholesterol-lowering agents in fat-metabolism disorders. Furthermore, several studies state that statins have supportive functions in breast cancer treatment. Therefore, simvastatin (SVA) as a potential radiosensitizer should be investigated on the basis of human breast cells.MethodsFirst, an optimal concentration of SVA for normal (MCF10A) and cancer (MCF-7) cells was identified via growth and cytotoxicity assays that, according to the definition of a radiosensitizer in the narrower sense, enhances the effect of radiation therapy but has no cytotoxic effect. Next, in combination with radiation SVA’s influence on DNA repair capacity and clonogenic survival in 2D and 3D was determined. Furthermore cell cycle distribution, expression of survivin and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) as well as ERK1 map kinase were analysed.Results1 μM SVA was identified as highest concentration without an influence on cell growth and cytotoxicity and was used for further analyses. In terms of early and residual γH2AX-foci, SVA affected the number of foci in both cell lines with or without irradiation. Different radiation responses were detected in 2D and 3D culture conditions. During the 2D cultivation, a radiosensitizing effect within the clonogenic survival was observable, but not in 3D.ConclusionThe present study suggests that SVA may have potential for radiosensitization. Therefore, it is important to further investigate the role of SVA in relation to the extent of radiosensitization and how it could be used to positively influence the therapy of breast cancer or other entities.
Women’s Family Care Responsibilities, Employment and Health: A Tale of Two Countries
Authors: Mussida Chiara , Patimo Raffaella 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPersistently low employment of women in some countries can still be ascribed to a traditional perception of women’s role in society. According to observed data and prevailing social and cultural norms, women have been bearing the primary burdens of housework, childcare, and other family responsibilities. The unequal share of care responsibilities between women and men further worsens the disadvantages of women in balancing public and private life, with an impact on their employment and health outcomes. In this paper we investigate the role of family responsibilities in shaping employment and health outcomes by gender, in Italy and France, during and after the economic downturn. We use data from the European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions for the time windows of 2007–2010 and 2011–2014. Our results support that gender differences in the share of responsibilities roles in the public and private sphere influence the employability and health perception of women.
Resilient Drinking Water Resources
Authors: Kloosterman Ritsche A. , van der Hoek Jan Peter , Herder Paulien 
Published: December 2020

AbstractA significant challenge for managers of drinking water infrastructures is to make effective strategic decisions for assets with a long lifetime in an uncertain and changing environment. Water resources, which are part of the drinking water infrastructures, have a special position in this decision making process as they operate at the interface of the socio-technical and the socio-ecological subsystems: water resources are the input for the technical system, consisting of pipes and pumps that interact with different actors; and water resources can be seen as output from the ecological system which is influenced by environmental and political issues like climate change, drought and competing and changing uses of water and space. This paper discusses how to design the water resources in such a way that they function in the desired way at present, but that the design also fits an uncertain future as good as possible. To this extent, a framework was developed based upon the notion of resilience. Existing general design principles for socio-technical systems from literature were used as building blocks in the development of our water resources design principles (WR-DP) framework. Three key characteristics of water resources were distinguished in this framework: water quantity, water quality and the environmental impact of the water resources. In addition, we distinguished two dimensions that allowed us to explicitly describe all possible design principles: system scale and class. The first dimension, system scale, ranges from one water resource to a network of water resources. The second dimension, class, makes a distinction between social aspects and technical aspects. Application of the WR-DP framework in a case of a drinking water company in the Netherlands showed the usability of the framework.
Compact differences of weighted composition operators
Authors: Liu Bin , Rättyä Jouni 
Published: December 2020

AbstractCompact differences of two weighted composition operators acting from the weighted Bergman space $$A^p_{\omega }$$

A
ω
p

to another weighted Bergman space $$A^q_{\nu }$$

A
ν
q

, where $$0<p\le q<\infty $$

0
<
p
≤
q
<
∞

and $$\omega ,\nu $$

ω
,
ν

belong to the class $${\mathcal {D}}$$
D
of radial weights satisfying two-sided doubling conditions, are characterized. On the way to the proof a new description of q-Carleson measures for $$A^p_{\omega }$$

A
ω
p

, with $$\omega \in {\mathcal {D}}$$

ω
∈
D

, in terms of pseudohyperbolic discs is established. This last-mentioned result generalizes the well-known characterization of q-Carleson measures for the classical weighted Bergman space $$A^p_{\alpha }$$

A
α
p

with $$-1<\alpha <\infty $$

-
1
<
α
<
∞

to the setting of doubling weights.
Overlapping community finding with noisy pairwise constraints
Authors: Alghamdi Elham , Rushe Ellen , Mac Namee Brian , Greene Derek 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn many real applications of semi-supervised learning, the guidance provided by a human oracle might be “noisy” or inaccurate. Human annotators will often be imperfect, in the sense that they can make subjective decisions, they might only have partial knowledge of the task at hand, or they may simply complete a labeling task incorrectly due to the burden of annotation. Similarly, in the context of semi-supervised community finding in complex networks, information encoded as pairwise constraints may be unreliable or conflicting due to the human element in the annotation process. This study aims to address the challenge of handling noisy pairwise constraints in overlapping semi-supervised community detection, by framing the task as an outlier detection problem. We propose a general architecture which includes a process to “clean” or filter noisy constraints. Furthermore, we introduce multiple designs for the cleaning process which use different type of outlier detection models, including autoencoders. A comprehensive evaluation is conducted for each proposed methodology, which demonstrates the potential of the proposed architecture for reducing the impact of noisy supervision in the context of overlapping community detection.
Chinese expert consensus on fertility-preserving treatment for young women with early stage well differentiated endometrial cancer
Authors: Zhou Rong , Lu Qun , Liu Guoli , Wang Yiqin , Wang Jianliu 
Published: December 2020

AbstractFor young women with early stage well differentiated endometrial cancer who have fertility desire, it is import to give comprehensive assessment before initiation of conservative treatment. Progestin based therapy with regular assessment of treatment efficacy can achieve a promising outcome. After complete remission patients are suggested with assisted reproductive technology or maintenance therapy depending on their immediate pregnancy plan. Hysterectomy is recommended for patients who have finished reproduction while re-treatment for recurrent cases should be carefully informed.
Expressions of self-ageism in four European countries: a comparative analysis of predictors across cultural contexts
Authors: Schuurman Belia , Lindenberg Jolanda , Huijg Johanna M. , Achterberg Wilco P. , Slaets Joris P. J. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSelf-ageism has a significant negative impact on older people's ageing experiences and health outcomes. Despite ample evidence on cross-cultural ageism, studies have rarely looked into the way cultural contexts affect self-ageism. In this article, we compare expressions of self-ageism and its possible predictors across four European countries based on two questionnaires in a study sample of 2,494 individuals aged 55 and older. We explore how predictors of self-ageism are moderated by cultural values in a comparative fixed-effects regression model. We empirically show that similarly to ageism, self-ageism is not present in the same way and to the same extent in every country. Moreover, the level to which cultures value hierarchy and intellectual autonomy significantly moderates the association between self-ageism and individual predictors of self-ageism. Our study adds to the small existing body of work on self-ageism by confirming empirically that certain expressions of self-ageism and individual predictors are susceptible to change in different cultural contexts. Our research results suggest that self-ageism interventions may benefit from a culturally sensitive approach and imply that more culturally diverse comparisons of self-ageism are necessary to figure out fitting ways to reduce self-ageism.
Maternal intake of alpha-lipoic acid prevents development of symptoms associated with a fructose-rich diet in the male offspring in Wistar rats
Authors: Rabaglino María Belén , Moreira-Espinoza María José , Lagares Clarisa , Garay Maria Isabel , Quiroga Patricia , Pasqualini María Eugenia , Francini Flavio , Beltramo Dante 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe hypothesis was that maternal intake of the antioxidant alpha-lipoid acid (ALA), during the developmental period of the hypothalamic orexigenic neurons, causes a permanent beneficial effect in offspring metabolism. Pregnant Wistar rats were fed with standard diet (food) + ALA (0.4% wt/wt) from day 14 of gestation to day 20 of lactation (n = 4) or food (n = 4). At 3 months of age, male offspring born from ALA-fed rats or controls (CT) were randomly assigned to be fed with food + 10% fructose solution in drinking water (F) or food + tap water (C), resulting in four groups: ALAF, ALAC, CTF, and CTC (n = 5/group). Food intake and body weight (BW) were measured twice a week for 31 days. Metabolites’ levels in blood, mRNA expressions of Npy, Agrp (hypothalamus), Fasn, Srebf1, Ppard, and Pparg (liver), and the antioxidant capacity of the liver were determined. Results significance was set at p < 0.05. Average BW gain, daily BW gain, and intraabdominal fat tissue at necropsy were higher in CTF group followed by CTC, ALAF, and ALAC groups. There were no differences between groups in Kcal intake per day. mRNA expressions of hypothalamic and hepatic genes and plasmatic levels of glucose and triglycerides were higher in CTF group followed by ALAF, CTC, and ALAC groups. Fructose intake affected the oxidative capacity of the liver, but this effect was not observed in the ALAF group. In conclusion, maternal ALA intake protected the adult offspring to develop metabolic symptoms associated with high fructose in the drinking water.
An Infrastructure Perspective for Enhancing Multi‐functionality of Forests: A Conceptual Modeling Approach
Authors: Houballah Mojtaba , Mathias Jean‐Denis , Cordonnier Thomas 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMany forest resource systems depend heavily on shared and coupled infrastructures in applying their management strategies. Addressing a question of sustainability for relevant contemporary social‐ecological systems (SES) can be tackled by understanding how these shared infrastructures mediate the interaction between human and ecological environment. Shared infrastructures, which are mainly composed of roads (accessibility utilities), highlight the relation between the performance of ecosystem services and the multifunctional use of the forest. However, dilemmas associated with road provision pose some problems when applied in a forest multifunctional management context, because roads potentially diminish or enhance forest functions in a complex way. In this context, maintaining, fostering, and improving multifunctional management where the development of an ecosystem function can affect the performance of others is challenging. We propose to develop a mathematical model based on a recent study that links multifunctional forest management to the multifunctionality of forest roads by using the SES and robustness frameworks. With this model, we analyze the evolution of the forest system and three key forest functions (wood production, tourism, and nature conservation) when impacted by decisions of road provision. We then examine how governance provision strategies can affect the performance of functions and how these strategies can potentially foster forest multifunctionality. This approach allows us to derive conditions of sustainability in which decisions of shared infrastructure provisions can play an important role in the functionalities and performance of the forest.
On The Nature of Turbulent Heating and Radial Transport in Saturn's Magnetosphere
Authors: Neupane B. R. , Delamere Peter A. , Ma X. , Ng C.‐S. , Burkholder B. , Damiano Peter 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBased on magnetic field fluctuations, Saturn's magnetosphere can be divided into quiet (little or not much fluctuation) and disturbed periods (large fluctuation of the magnetic field). Kaminker et al. (2017, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JA023834) showed that the average heating rate density of entire magnetosphere of Saturn is ∼10−17 W m−3 based on magnetic field fluctuations. Here, we categorize the magnetosphere of Saturn on the basis of magnetic field fluctuation. Using the eigenvalues of the variance analysis of the magnetic field, it has been found that the magnetodisc is in a disturbed state almost 6%–7% of the time. Dwell time normalization of the disturbed events suggests that most of the events happen at all latitudes between −5° and +30° and mostly on the dayside. Kinetic turbulent heating due to magnetic field fluctuation (δB) could potentially provide a significant amount of the required power.
Variability of Upstream Proton Cyclotron Wave Properties and Occurrence at Mars Observed by MAVEN
Authors: Romeo O. M. , Romanelli N. , Espley J. R. , Mazelle C. , DiBraccio G. A. , Gruesbeck J. R. , Halekas J. S. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe presence of plasma waves upstream from the Martian bow shock, with frequencies near the local proton cyclotron frequency in the spacecraft frame, constitutes, in principle, an indirect signature for the existence of planetary protons from the ionization of Martian exospheric hydrogen. In this study, we determine the "proton cyclotron wave” (PCW) occurrence rate between October 2014 and February 2020, based on Magnetometer and Solar Wind Ion Analyzer measurements from the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN mission. We characterize its dependence on several wave and solar wind (SW) properties, and solar longitude ranges. We confirm a previously reported long‐term trend with more PCWs near perihelion, likely associated with changes in exospheric hydrogen density. Furthermore, we report for the first time a decrease in median PCW amplitude for each consecutive Martian perihelion. Such variability cannot be attributed to differences in the distribution of SW conditions. This trend could be associated with changes in solar inputs, foreshock effects, and asymmetries due to the SW convective electric field influencing newborn protons. In addition, we observe PCWs more frequently for low to intermediate interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) cone angles, slower SW speeds, and higher SW proton densities. The IMF cone angle preference likely results from the trade‐off between associated linear wave growth rates, wave saturation energies, and pick‐up proton densities. Moreover, the dependencies on SW speed and density indicate the importance of the characteristic SW transit timescale and the charge exchange process coupling SW protons with the hydrogen exosphere.
Climate Change Impacts on Sediment Yield and Debris‐Flow Activity in an Alpine Catchment
Authors: Hirschberg Jacob , Fatichi Simone , Bennett Georgina L. , McArdell Brian W. , Peleg Nadav , Lane Stuart N. , Schlunegger Fritz , Molnar Peter 
Published: December 2020

AbstractClimate change impacts on sediment production and transfer processes on hillslopes and through channels are governed by possible changes in precipitation, runoff, and air temperature. These hydrological and geomorphological impacts are difficult to predict in temperature‐sensitive Alpine environments. In this study, we combined a stochastic weather generator model with the most current climate change projections to feed a hillslope‐channel sediment cascade model for a major debris‐flow system in the Swiss Alps (the Illgraben). This allowed us to quantify climate change impacts and their uncertainties on sediment yield and the number of debris flows at hourly temporal resolution. We show that projected changes in precipitation and air temperature lead to a reduction in both sediment yield (−48%) and debris‐flow occurrence (−23%). This change is caused by a decrease in sediment supply from hillslopes, which is driven by frost‐weathering. Additionally, we conduct model experiments that show the sensitivity of projected changes in sediment yield and debris‐flow hazard to basin elevation, with important implications for assessing natural hazards and risks in mountain environments. Future changes in hydrological and sediment fluxes are characterized by high uncertainty, mainly due to irreducible internal climate variability. Therefore, this stochastic uncertainty needs to be considered in climate change impact assessments for geomorphic systems.
OXER1 and RACK1-associated pathway: a promising drug target for breast cancer progression
Authors: Masi Mirco , Garattini Enrico , Bolis Marco , Di Marino Daniele , Maraccani Luisa , Morelli Elena , Grolla Ambra A. , Fagiani Francesca , Corsini Emanuela , Travelli Cristina , Govoni Stefano , Racchi Marco , Buoso Erica 
Published: December 2020

AbstractRecent data indicate that receptor for activated C kinase 1 (RACK1) is a putative prognostic marker and drug target in breast cancer (BC). High RACK1 expression is negatively associated with overall survival, as it seems to promote BC progression. In tumors, RACK1 expression is controlled by a complex balance between glucocorticoids and androgens. Given the fact that androgens and androgenic derivatives can inhibit BC cell proliferation and migration, the role of androgen signaling in regulating RACK1 transcription in mammary tumors is of pivotal interest. Here, we provide evidence that nandrolone (19-nortosterone) inhibits BC cell proliferation and migration by antagonizing the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway, which eventually results in RACK1 downregulation. We also show that nandrolone impairs the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway and decreases RACK1 expression via binding to the membrane-bound receptor, oxoeicosanoid receptor 1 (OXER1). High levels of OXER1 are observed in several BC cell lines and correlate with RACK1 expression and poor prognosis. Our data provide evidence on the role played by the OXER1-dependent intracellular pathway in BC progression and shed light on the mechanisms underlying membrane-dependent androgen effects on RACK1 regulation. Besides the mechanistic relevance, the results of the study are of interest from a translational prospective. In fact, they identify a new and actionable pathway to be used for the design of innovative and rational therapeutic strategies in the context of the personalized treatment of BC. In addition, they draw attention on nandrolone-based compounds that lack hormonal activity as potential anti-tumor agents.
Anti-PD1 therapy induces lymphocyte-derived exosomal miRNA-4315 release inhibiting Bim-mediated apoptosis of tumor cells
Authors: Guyon Nina , Garnier Delphine , Briand Joséphine , Nadaradjane Arulraj , Bougras-Cartron Gwenola , Raimbourg Judith , Campone Mario , Heymann Dominique , Vallette François M. , Frenel Jean-Sébastien , Cartron Pierre-François 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAnti-PD1 immunotherapy, as a single agent or in combination with standard chemotherapies, has significantly improved the outcome of many patients with cancers. However, resistance to anti-PD1 antibodies often decreases the long-term therapeutic benefits. Despite this observation in clinical practice, the molecular mechanisms associated with resistance to anti-PD1 antibody therapy have not yet been elucidated. To identify the mechanisms of resistance associated with anti-PD1 antibody therapy, we developed cellular models including purified T cells and different cancer cell lines from glioblastoma, lung adenocarcinoma, breast cancer and ovarian carcinoma. A murine model of lung cancer was also used. Longitudinal blood samples of patients treated with anti-PD1 therapy were also used to perform a proof-of-concept study of our findings. We found that anti-PD1 exposure of T-cell promotes an enrichment of exosomal miRNA-4315. We also noted that exosomal miRNA-4315 induced a phenomenon of apopto-resistance to conventional chemotherapies in cancer cells receiving exosomal miRNA-4315. At molecular level, we discern that the apopto-resistance phenomenon was associated with the miRNA-4315-mediated downregulation of Bim, a proapoptotic protein. In cellular and mice models, we observed that the BH3 mimetic agent ABT263 circumvented this resistance. A longitudinal study using patient blood showed that miRNA-4315 and cytochrome c can be used to define the time period during which the addition of ABT263 therapy may effectively increase cancer cell death and bypass anti-PD1 resistance.This work provides a blood biomarker (exosomal miRNA-4315) for patient stratification developing a phenomenon of resistance to anti-PD1 antibody therapy and also identifies a therapeutic alternative (the use of a BH3 mimetic drug) to limit this resistance phenomenon.