bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seroprevalence and associated risk factors of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus and syphilis among pregnant women attending Dessie referral hospital, Northeast Ethiopia
Authors: Nuru Hussen , Nurahmed Negash , Teka Yeabkal D. , Mohammed Fewzia , Ferede Getachew , Abebe Wondwossen 
Published: October 2020

<p><strong>Background</strong>: Globally the burden of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV) and syphilis infections are a common problem of pregnant women where the complications are transmitted to their new born infants. These infections, often silent and without symptoms, can result in serious and fatal health consequences.</p><p><strong>Methods</strong>: Cross-sectional study was conducted on 384 pregnant women attending Dessie referral hospital from February to April 2019 by using convenience sampling techniques. Data were collected by assigned nurses with face to face interview using a pre-tested questionnaire. Samples were screened by rapid serological tests for HIV and <em>T. pallidum </em>antibodies as well as HBsAg. Data was analysed using SPSS. Logistic regression was used to see the association between dependent and independent variables. P values &lt;0.05 was considered as statistically significant. </p><p><strong>Results:</strong> The overall seroprevalence rates of HIV, HBsAg, syphilis and HIV/HBV coinfections were 6.5%, 4.7% and 0.8%, and 0.5% respectively. The history of sexual transmitted infections (STIs), multiple partners and using sharp materials were significantly associated to HIV with an adjusted odd ratio (AOR) of 8.35, 9.6 and 3.097 respectively. Likewise, the habit of ear/nose piercing and partner’s STIs exposure were associated with hepatitis B infection with an AOR 8.24 and 14.11 respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> HIV and HBV infections are still critical public health concerns among pregnant women in the study area. History of multiple sexual partners, sharing of sharp materials, history of STIs exposure, habits of ear/nose piercing were significantly associated with infections.</p>
Effect of COVID-19 in geriatric individuals and role of a prosthodontist in clinical setup in Indian populations: a literature review
Authors: Bhattacharjee Bappaditya , Gupta Pinki , Bhatnagar Atul , Singh Ankita , Saneja Ritu 
Published: October 2020

<p>Medical professionals including dentists are one of those high-risk professionals who can easily get affected by COVID-19 due to its highly contagious nature. Evaluating the molecular pathogenesis and the role of immune system in modulating symptoms it can be assumed that susceptibility of COVID-19 to older adults is more. This review aimed to summarize all the information available on electronic databases PubMed, PubMed central, Cochrane database related to the effect of COVID-19 ingeriatric individuals and guidelines for a prosthodontist during treatment of geriatric individuals in Indian population during this pandemic period. This review will focus on the characteristic symptoms and signs of COVID-19 ingeriatric individuals and how the prosthodontists during treatment of geriatric individuals in Indian populations can better equip themselves to prevent the spread of COVID-19 ina clinical setup.</p><p><strong> </strong></p>
Entre síntoma y fármakon. La organología de la moral de Bernard Stiegler
Authors: Vignola Paolo 
Published: October 2020

Propósito/Contexto. Este artículo hace un recorrido por la filosofía de la técnica de Bernard Stiegler, con un enfoque en la dimensión moral de la perspectiva farmacológica. Su propósito está motivado por las cuestiones bioéticas que surgen de la perspectiva stiegleriana, en particular, por lo que concierne a los fenómenos de las adicciones a la tecnología digital y los efectos sociales y cognitivos que el contexto multimedia genera.
Metodología/Enfoque. El enfoque metodológico que sustenta la elaboración de este artículo es la perspectiva farmacológica, elaborada por el propio Stiegler, por medio de la cual es posible replantear las bases de la ética y la moral en el contexto digital.
Resultados/Hallazgos. El artículo hace una contribución teórica al debate sobre los efectos problemáticos y los beneficios de la adopción de la tecnología digital en todos los campos del saber y de las relaciones sociales, con un énfasis en los trastornos de la atención y los síntomas de malestar psicosocial.
Discusión/Conclusiones/Contribuciones. Su contribución está en los elementos útiles que ofrece para un acercamiento metodológico entre la filosofía de la tecnología y la bioética (desde la farmacología y la organología). En este sentido, el trabajo de investigación y análisis del corpus stiegleriano se presenta como una aclaración de las apuestas bioéticas que conviven en la perspectiva farmacológica.
Nuclear DNA content variation within four species of Asian catfish of family Pangasidae and their two interspecific hybrids by flow cytometry
Authors: Imron  , Tahapari Evi , Darmawan Jadmiko , Muhammad Luthfi Abdurachman  
Published: October 2020

Nuclear DNA content (NDC) of species or population is believed to have been formed naturally by many mechanisms such chromosomal mutation, insertion and deletion, transposable element, and duplication. Additionally, hybridizations and species’ phylogenetic relationship may also contribute to the NDC diversity. This study was aimed to investigate the profile of NDC in four species Asian catfishes of the genera Pangasius including Pangasionodon hypophthalmus, Pangasius djambal, Pangasius nasusutus, Pangasius nieuwenhuisii, interspecific hybrid of female P. hypophthalmus and male P. djambal (Hybrid HD), and female P. hypophthalmus and male P. nasutus (Hybrid HN). Red blood cells (RBC) were taken from the respective species/groups and NDC measurement was performed in an Attune acoustic flowcytometer (ABI) using DAPI staining and chicken, Gallus domesticus, RBC was used as size reference. The results showed that the mean NDC of P. hypophthalmus, P. djambal. P. nasusutus, P. nieuwenhuisii, were 0.960±0.0254 pg, 1.017±0.0510 pg, 1.000±0.0410 pg, 1.074±0.0231 pg, which are within the range of NDC in the other catfish families The NDC values of Hybrid HD and Hybrid HN were1.005±0.0358 and 0.956± 0.0089, respectively. Among the pure line species, the NDC of P. hypophthalmus was the lowest and was different (P<0.05) from those of P. djambal and P. nieuwenhuisii but was not different (P>0.05) from that of the P. nasutus. The NDC of both Hybrid HD and Hybrid HN were not different form their respective parental lines. However, the NDC profiles of both hybrids were different in that the NDC of the former was in between while the latter was below their respective parental lines. Phylogenetically, the NDC diversity within Pangasiid catfish in this study was independent of their phylogenetic relationship based on cytoplasmic and nuclear markers.
Keywords: Flow cytometry, nuclear DNA content, P.hypophthalmus, P. djambal, P. nasutus, P. nieuwenhuisii, interspecific hybrid.
Application of classical numerical methods in the calculation of solidification modes of a continuous ingot
Authors: Timoshpolsky V. I. , Marukovich E. I. , Trusova I. A. 
Published: October 2020

Thispaperpresentsapproachesto the computational analysis of solidification and cooling processes of continuously cast billets in order to improve and develop technological modes in the conditions of modern continuous casting machines using FEM.Theapplicationof modern numerical methods for solidification and cooling of workpieces on continuous casting machines is considered. The use of the finite element method is justified when using computational and experimental data for the development and improvement of casting technology.
Determination of the mass fraction of potassium and sodium oxides in the dust of electric furnace filters by atomic emission spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma
Authors: Makarov V. A. , Savosteenko T. K. 
Published: October 2020

A method of measuring the mass fraction of potassium and sodium oxides in the dust filters of electric arc furnaces by atomic emission spectrometry with the inductively coupled plasma (AES-ICP) was developed. Possibilities of atomic emission spectrometers of iCAP series for determination of potassium and sodium in dust of filters of electric arc furnaces are investigated.A method for converting potassium and sodium oxides into solution is proposed. Calibration of the spectrometer was carried out on aqueous solutions with a known concentration of potassium and sodium. For the preparation of calibration solutions, chemically pure potassium and sodium salts were used. Analytical lines of potassium and sodium free from spectral overlays are selected.A good correlation of calibration graphs is obtained. The developed technique is used to determine the mass fraction of potassium and sodium oxides in the dust filters of electric furnaces. Validation of the methodology was carried out. The repeatability of the results was compared with the repeatability of the standardized methodology. iCAP series spectrometers can be used to determine the mass of potassium and sodium oxides in gas cleaning dust.s cleaning dust.
Remediation of Wells Affected by Scaling on Kashagan Field
Authors: Daulbayev Beibit , Naukanov Bauyrzhan , Khaidarov Yerbol , Esperon Mae , Heinerth Mirko , Freeman Michael , Yan Song 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Development of the Kashagan field is very complicated and encounters many challenges, such as a harsh offshore environment with an ice season, highly pressurized wells and a high H2S concentration (sour). All these challenges were known during the field construction phase, but after one year of production, another unforeseen challenge emerged– severe downhole scaling in certain oil producers, flowing at very low water cuts (&lt;0.5% water).
Scaling is a widespread and well-known phenomenon in many, often mature fields around the world, but it was not expected to occur in Kashagan in the early stage of field life. Well scaling developed very fast, leading to almost 50% productivity reduction on several wells in a few weeks time. Wellbore scaling put Kashagan production plans at risk, so it was critical to remediate the affected wells as soon as possible. A multi-disciplinary team started work to address the issue.
For most "brown" fields, remediation of wells affected by scaling is a routine job. In the case of Kashagan, which had just started production, downhole scaling was a big challenge for various reasons. Firstly, when rapid productivity decline was observed on some wells, it was not clear what caused the impairment, and a lot of investigative work was done to identify the nature of impairment and root cause (mechanism) behind it. Secondly, scaling badly affected D-island wells, where SIMOPS well intervention capability is highly restricted. D-island is a hub for offshore processing and gas reinjection facilities, located just few hundred meters away from wells, and any well intervention requires the creation of a "yellow zone" and causes significant production deferment. Thirdly, it was clear from the beginning that remediation is a temporary measure, and that it was important to progress from "firefighting" mode to impairment prevention mode, for all wells. Despite all complexities of the task all affected wells were successfully brought back to production and, after various successful anti-scale treatments, fine-tuning of the scaling prevention process is currently ongoing.
Due to the scaling, multiple processes had to be improved, such as metering, wells testing, wells surveillance and well interventions. In the design phase of the project, a well intervention was considered as something extraordinary, and expected to happen rarely, primarily for well integrity issues, not for scaling issues. Well intervention operations became a more routine operations and have started to play a critical role in the integrated activity planning process.
This paper describes how Kashagan wells were affected by wellbore impairment and what actions were made to remediate wells and to return wells to its original productivity.
Detailed Sector Model to Reconcile Surveillance Results and High Permeability, Geologic, Features; Example from Kashagan Field, Kazakhstan
Authors: Stephens Nat P , Yergaliyeva Bakyt , Zhazbayeva Ainur , Uap Berik 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
During early production of Kashagan Field, the surveillance program is critical for understanding connectivity within the reservoir. Pressure transient analysis (PTA) results in the rim facies of the Kashagan carbonate platform show well bore proximity to high permeability features. By integrating the PTA results in a fine-scale geologic model, the presence and magnitude of geologic features, including faults, karst bodies, and open fractures, can be evaluated as an explanation of pressure results.
Good quality pressure transient data can be obtained from down-hole gauges during periods of production down-time. The character of the pressure-response can provide information to interpret reservoir properties such as permeability-thickness (kh) and the effect of geologic features in the vicinity of the well. In the Kashagan rim area, geologic features include seismically-visible karst features, seismically-interpreted faults, and open fractures that can be identified from wireline logs. Because fine-scale details of the flow properties could not be differentiated in the full field simulation model, a fine-scale sector model of the rim area was constructed using Petrel ™ software.
By integrating the surveillance and geologic data, the subsurface team can make several key observations. Rim wells with cavernous karst features contain kh values up to two orders of magnitude higher than stratigraphically-equivalent platform interior wells. Wells that produce from open fractures in the rim are commonly adjacent to seismically visible faults and karst geobodies, and the distance from the well to the seismically-visible geologic feature is similar to the distance estimated from the PTA results. At present, the kh interpretations from PTA are the only direct estimates of permeability for the large geologic features in the Kashagan rim. In a fine-scale 3D sector model, the permeability of the geologic objects, including faults, karst geobodies, and open fractures is statistically distributed using the PTA results.
The fine-scale sector model demonstrates the value of geologic and surveillance data integration in order to understand PTA results. By establishing a relationship between the distance to geologic objects and PTA-based permeability estimates, a powerful predictive model can be developed to better represent the flow along the rim and guide the placement of future drill-wells.
Methodology for Exploration Well Testing with ESP-DST in Caspian Sea. the Case Study in Unconsolidated Sandstone with Heavy Oil
Authors: Dosmukhambetov Issatay , Taubayev Bakhytzhan , Yesbolov Ualikhan , Sadykov Aikhan , Shmalin Muratbek , Akbayev Beibit , Kaipov Yermek , Amanbayev Olzhas , Khaziev Bulat 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The Caspian offshore is a promising area for hydrocarbon accumulation. Since it is an offshore, it is a challenging area in terms of strict environmental regulations and safety. At the early stage of the project it was clear, that reservoir properties of the exploration well require artificial lift assistance to produce during well testing. Therefore, designing proper DST string with artificial lift was crucial to the success of well testing.
This paper describes the methodology to select the artificial lift solution for well test. It shows the unique combination of technologies and techniques that enabled a DST with ESP in combination with the Y tool, that provides capabilities to run thePLT below the pump. Also, one of the main challenges of well testing operation was to handle heavy oil fluid at surface. Being in environmentally sensitive area, designing a surface well testing equipment in a limited footprint, that enables efficient separation and disposal of heavy oil was very critical. Another challenge was unconsolidated formation with the high risk of sand production under drawdown, therefore downhole testing string and ESP pump supposed to withstand large quantity of solids during the production.
The key technology that enabled testing was a new generation of abrasion resistant ESP pumps, that are designed to handle extensive solids production. The heavy oil also posed a number of risks. The surface equipment was specifically designed to heat oil in the tanks and if required to mix with diesel before flaring operations.
Local regulation does not permit production during the night time and allows limited number of days for well testing. Therefore, well testing design must enable to acquire all necessary information within short period of test duration. The real-time data transmission and interpretation was a key to achieve main goal of the testing in exploration well - to accurately characterize the reservoir.
This was the first successful ESP-DST in Caspian Sea. Despite of many challenges, the technologies that were selected for well testing operation was proven to be reliable. This allowed Operator to untap previously not accessible hydrocarbon reserves.
Predictive Regression Model for Fracturing Fluid Efficiency – Design and Validation Workflow Based on Machine Learning
Authors: Khan Abdul Muqtadir , Jelassi Mohamed Yassine , Yudin Alexey 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Minifrac testing is widely used in the proppant fracturing design workflow. In a minifrac test, different pumping tests yield critical design parameters; a minifrac test requires significant time to perform. Operational efficiency is a key focus in the industry, and recent techniques employing data science can aid in identifying parameter patterns as an alternative to minifrac testing. A novel machine learning algorithm was applied to an existing database to streamline the redesign process from a multistep to a single-step one in conventional reservoirs.
A regression software package was used for this study. Model datasets were constructed based on well locations and reservoirs to reduce the inherent error. The machine learning model used multivariate linear regression. Model inputs included parameters from an injection test with water: closure pressure, transmissibility, reservoir pressure, and fluid efficiency. Outputs were the design parameters typically evaluated from the calibration injection: fluid efficiency with crosslinked gel. The data were preprocessed by removing outliers. Multicollinearity among independent variables was verified to reduce the redundancy of the input variables. The combination of independent variables was then optimized for the highest R-squared value.
The F-test assessment showed that the model was statistically significant. The standard error of the model was insignificant, enabling treatment design with acceptable accuracy. The ratio of training to testing data was 80:20. For pilot test, an injection test with water was pumped, and the treatment was redesigned based on the prediction of the model using only injection test inputs. The successful placement and the evaluation of the bottomhole pressure behavior during the treatment validated that the design parameters predicted by the statistical model were accurate.
This machine learning technique represents an innovative redesign approach for conventional reservoirs. Implementing the model reduced the complexity of the proppant fracturing treatment redesign process, thus enhancing efficiency, and potentially reduced fracture damage by eliminating minifrac steps with crosslinked gel. Overall operational efficiency was enhanced by 35% to 50%, saving up to 3 days per stage.
The MD-PhD Program in Geneva: A 10-Year Analysis of Graduate Demographics and Outcomes
Authors: ROCHA ANDRE DOS SANTOS , Combescure Cristophe , Negro Francesco 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background : MD-PhD programs confer degrees that empower medical doctors with in-depth scientific skills to contribute to biomedical research and academic medicine, alongside clinical practice. Whilst the career options and research opportunities related to graduates following these programs in the US are well documented, little is known about their European counterparts. In this article, we studied graduates who had completed the MD-PhD program at the University of Geneva between 2010 and 2019. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was performed in April 2019, targeting all medical doctors who had obtained the MD-PhD degree from the University of Geneva since 2010. Demographics, opinions, and career outcomes of the MD-PhD graduates were assessed through an online anonymous questionnaire. Results : Twenty-one questionnaires were collected from 31 MD-PhD graduates (response rate 65.5%). Most respondents (57.1%) had performed an MD-PhD training in basic sciences; however, only 14.3% had pursued this type of research thereafter. Most of the respondents held a position at a University hospital (90.5%), although a significant number of them were no longer involved in research in their current position (28.6%). 85.7% mentioned obstacles and challenges in combining clinical duties with research. Despite this, the majority (85.7%) declared that the MD-PhD degree had given them advantages in their career path. Conclusions : Graduates from the MD-PhD program in Geneva were for the most part, satisfied with their training. However, because of the challenges and obstacles in combining clinical duties with research, the implementation of research activities in their current position proved difficult.
Acupuncture for diabetic peripheral neuropathy: study protocol for a randomized, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Deng Haiping , Shu Yu , Lv Peiran , Zhao Ling , Cheng Ke , Zhang Tingting , Song Yi , Yang Hua , Tang Hong , Pei Jian , Shen Xueyong 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is the most common chronic complication of diabetes mellitus that has a considerable impact on quality of life, but there are few effective therapeutic strategies. The aim of this trial is to determine the efficacy and safety of manual acupuncture (MA) versus sham acupuncture (SA) for DPN.Methods/Design: This is a study protocol for a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. A total of 118 patients with DPN will be recruited and randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to either MA group or SA group. All patients will receive 24 sessions over 12 weeks. Participants will complete the trial by visiting the research center at month 6 for a follow-up assessment. The primary outcome is peroneal motor nerve conduction velocity (peroneal MNCV) at week 12 compared with baseline. Secondary outcomes include peroneal motor nerve action potential amplitude (peroneal MNAP) and latent period (peroneal MNLP), sural sensory nerve conduction velocity (sural SNCV), action potential amplitude (sural SNAP) and latent period (sural SNLP), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2-hour postprandial blood glucose (2hPG), glycated hemoglobin (HbAlc) at week 12 compared with baseline, Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MNSI) score and Diabetes Specific Quality of Life scale (DSQL) at week 12 and month 6 compared with baseline. Safety will be assessed during the whole trial. Masking effectiveness will be assessed by patients.Discussion: This trial may provide high-quality evidence for evaluating the efficacy and safety of MA treatment for DPN compared with SA treatment. Results of this study will be published in peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trials Registry, ID: ChiCTR1800020444. First registered on 29 December 2018 - Retrospectively registered, http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?Proj =31063