bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deep sedation in lateral position for preterm infants during cerebral magnetic resonance imaging: a pilot study
Authors: Sbaraglia Fabio , Gaudino Simona , Tiberi Eloisa , Maiellare Federica , Spinazzola Giorgia , Garra Rossella , Della Sala Filomena , Micci Daniela Maria , Russo Rosellina , Riitano Francesca , Ferrara Giuseppe , Vento Giovanni , Rossi Marco 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Respiratory adverse events are common during the sedation of preterm babies, often needing active airway support. During magnetic resonance imaging, this occurrence could extend the acquisition time, with a negative impact on the thermic and metabolic homeostasis. The aim of the study is to verify if lying in a lateral position instead of supine could improve the safe quality of sedation, without worsening the quality of imaging.

Methods
This study was performed as a single-center, prospective study at a university-affiliated tertiary care center. A consultant provided deep sedation with sevoflurane 3–4% delivered by an external mask, in the lateral decubitus position. All patients were evaluated for the incidence of apnea and desaturation, quality of imaging obtained, the timing of imaging acquisition, and thermic and metabolic homeostasis.

Results
We enrolled 23 consecutive preterm babies born < 37 weeks gestational age, candidates for sedation for elective brain magnetic resonance imaging. All patients completed the radiological procedure in 30 min (SD ± 6.39 min) without complications requiring exam interruption. Only one patient (4%) experienced a transient desaturation, while 2 neonates (9%) showed apnea lasting > 20 s. On average, there was a 1 °C decrease in body temperature and full enteral feeding was resumed within 1.5 h. Neuroradiologists rated the quality of the images obtained as high.

Conclusions
Lateral lying seems to be a viable option for sedated preterm babies during magnetic resonance imaging with a low risk of intervention for apnea and a reduced impact on thermic and metabolic homeostasis. Quality of imaging would be preserved maintaining correct scheduling of standard care.

Trial registration
The study was registered at www.ClinicalTrials.gov before enrollment (NCT05776238 on December, 21th 2023).
Radiofrequency Ablation Versus Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy for Recurrent Small Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Randomized, Open-Label, Controlled Trial
Authors: Xi Mian , Yang Zhoutian , Hu Li , Fu Yizhen , Hu Dandan , Zhou Zhongguo , Liu Mengzhong , Zhao Jing , Shen Jingxian , Li Qiaoqiao , Chen Baoqing , Xu Li , Fang Aiping , Chen Minshan , Liu Shiliang , Zhang Yaojun 
Published: December 2024

PURPOSE
To assess the efficacy and safety of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) versus stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) in treating recurrent small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

METHODS
In this trial, patients with recurrent small HCC (single lesion ≤5 cm) were randomly assigned to receive either SBRT or RFA. The primary end point was local progression-free survival (LPFS), and secondary end points were progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), local control rate, and safety.

RESULTS

Between August 2019 and April 2022, 166 patients were assigned to SBRT (n = 83) and RFA (n = 83) groups. After a median follow-up time of 42.8 and 42.9 months in the SBRT and RFA groups, respectively, SBRT demonstrated a significantly better LPFS than that of RFA (hazard ratio [HR], 0.45 [95% CI, 0.24 to 0.87];
P
= .014). The 2-year LPFS rates were 92.7% (95% CI, 87.3 to 98.5) with SBRT and 75.8% (95% CI, 67.2 to 85.7) with RFA. The median PFS time of the SBRT and RFA groups was 37.6 (95% CI, 26.0 to 49.2) and 27.6 (95% CI, 20.3 to 34.8) months, respectively (HR, 0.76 [95% CI, 0.50 to 1.15];
P
= .190). Nine patients in the SBRT group and 10 in the RFA group died during the follow-up. The 2-year OS rates were 97.6% (95% CI, 94.3 to 100.0) in the SBRT group and 93.9% (95% CI, 88.9 to 99.2) in the RFA group (HR, 0.91 [95% CI, 0.37 to 2.22];
P
= .830). The incidences of both acute and late adverse events were comparable between the groups (
P
= .436 and
P
= .715, respectively).

CONCLUSION
SBRT achieved better LPFS than that of RFA in patients with single recurrent HCC ≤5 cm, especially in HCC ≤2 cm, whereas PFS, OS, and safety were comparable between the two treatments.
Culture, Nature, and Environmental Humanities
Authors: Wang Ban 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Touting the technological fix for environmental crises overlooks the role of society, history, culture, production, and geography. Anthropocene, presuming all civilizations as ecologically destructive, ignores the historical, social, and cultural differences in human-nature relations. The contributors of this issue mount a humanistic critique of structural inequalities, alienating social relations, and environmental injustice in environmental crises while articulating cultural and religious legacies in human-nature relations.
Neuromuscular Fatigue in Hamstring and Quadriceps Muscles Following Simulated Soccer Match-Play and Typical Training Sessions
Authors: Massamba Anasthase , Kouzkouz Nabil , Geny Bernard , Favret Fabrice , Hureau Thomas J. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Purpose
This study investigated the mechanisms of neuromuscular fatigue and recovery in quadriceps and hamstring muscles following soccer match-play and typical training sessions dedicated to the physical development of players.

Methods
Fifteen male professional academy soccer players completed at different visits a 90-minute simulated soccer match-play (MATCH) and four training sessions modulating the metabolic nature (HIIT vs. SPRINT) and the mechanical load (number of changes of direction [COD]). Neuromuscular fatigue was evaluated via changes in pre to postexercise maximal voluntary contraction (MVC), potentiated twitch force (PTw, peripheral fatigue) and voluntary activation (VA, central fatigue) evoked by electrical stimulation in quadriceps and hamstring muscles. External load was assessed via GPS units.

Results
Following MATCH, ΔMVC was similar between quadriceps (-18.3 ± 11.6%) and hamstring (-23.2 ± 10.6%) muscles. However, hamstring muscles displayed greater ΔPTw (-27.2 ± 25.0% vs. -17.2 ± 10.9%), but lower ΔVA (-8.2 ± 14.0% vs. -18.1 ± 12.7%) than quadriceps muscles. Quadriceps and hamstring muscles fatigue recovered 24 h post-match. Increasing the mechanical load (number of COD) increased the magnitude of neuromuscular fatigue in quadriceps but not in hamstring muscles. Modulating the metabolic nature of the session (SPRINT vs. HIIT) did not influence neuromuscular fatigue in either muscle group. No correlation was found between ΔMVC and a fatigue index derived from GPS metrics for any muscle groups (r
2 < 0.06, P > 0.38).

Conclusions
The magnitude and etiology of neuromuscular fatigue were modulated by the muscle group investigated and the mechanical load of the exercise task. Moreover, the ‘fatigue index’ derived from GPS metrics is not a valid surrogate of neuromuscular fatigue on the field.
Learning to Be Fair: A Consequentialist Approach to Equitable Decision Making
Authors: Chohlas-Wood Alex , Coots Madison , Zhu Henry , Brunskill Emma , Goel Sharad 
Published: December 2024

In an attempt to make algorithms fair, the machine learning literature has largely focused on equalizing decisions, outcomes, or error rates across race or gender groups. To illustrate, consider a hypothetical government rideshare program that provides transportation assistance to low-income people with upcoming court dates. Following this literature, one might allocate rides to those with the highest estimated treatment effect per dollar while constraining spending to be equal across race groups. That approach, however, ignores the downstream consequences of such constraints and, as a result, can induce unexpected harm. For instance, if one demographic group lives farther from court, enforcing equal spending would necessarily mean fewer total rides provided and potentially more people penalized for missing court. Here we present an alternative framework for designing equitable algorithms that foregrounds the consequences of decisions. In our approach, one first elicits stakeholder preferences over the space of possible decisions and the resulting outcomes—such as preferences for balancing spending parity against court appearance rates. We then optimize over the space of decision policies, making trade-offs in a way that maximizes the elicited utility. To do so, we develop an algorithm for efficiently learning these optimal policies from data for a large family of expressive utility functions. In particular, we use a contextual bandit algorithm to explore the space of policies while solving a convex optimization problem at each step to estimate the best policy based on the available information. This consequentialist paradigm facilitates a more holistic approach to equitable decision making. This paper has been This paper was accepted by Catherine Tucker, Special Issue on The Human-Algorithm Connection. Funding: This work was supported by Stanford Impact Labs [Start-Up Impact Labs/GEJBU], the Stanford Institute for Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence, and Harvard Data Science Initiative. Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.00345 .
Mujer negra y discurso plástico en Santiago de Cuba
Authors: Dublín Mercedes Cuesta , Coloma Yaneidys Arencibia 
Published: December 2024

Resumen
El artículo analiza la obra de pintores santiagueros que tienen a la mujer negra en sus discursos con el objetivo de determinar el condicionamiento social de su representación plástica, tomando la obra de pintores desde una micro localización geográfica distante del centro cultural de la isla (Santiago de Cuba). Se aplicó el método iconográfico para el análisis de las obras y se emplearon técnicas de análisis documental y de recogida de información para arribar a las consideraciones aquí expuestas. El estudio, desde las coordenadas de los Estudios Culturales y la Sociología del Arte, conduce a reconocer que, aunque la representación del individuo de piel negra en la plástica cubana ha cambiado los códigos visuales a lo largo de más de tres siglos, aún persisten estereotipos femeninos y raciales en el imaginario nacional y esto es representado con mayor frecuencia en el microcircuito de las artes plásticas santiagueras.
Cybercrime victimisation among older adults: A probability sample survey in England and Wales
Authors: Havers Benjamin , Tripathi Kartikeya , Burton Alexandra , McManus Sally , Cooper Claudia 
Published: December 2024

Background
Younger people are more likely to report cybercrime than older people. As older people spend more time online, this may change. If similarly exposed, risk factors including social isolation and poor health could make older adults disproportionally susceptible. We aimed to explore whether cybercrime risks and their predictors vary between age groups.

Methods
We analysed responses from 35,069 participants aged 16+ in the 2019/20 Crime Survey for England and Wales (CSEW). We investigated, among people who have used the internet in the past year, risks of experiencing any cybercrime, repeat victimisation and associated financial loss across age groups.

Results
Despite being at lower risk of reporting any cybercrime in the past year, people aged 75+ were more likely to report financial loss resulting from cybercrime victimisation (OR 4.25, p = 0.037) and repeat cybercrime victimisation (OR 2.03, p = 0.074) than younger people. Men, those from Mixed or Black ethnic groups, more deprived areas, managerial professional groups, and with worse health were at greater cybercrime risk.

Discussion
While younger adults are more at risk from cybercrime, older adults disclosed more severe cases (repetitive victimisation and associated financial loss), perhaps due to lesser awareness of scams and reporting options. As most people experience declining health as they age, greater understanding of why poor health predicts cybercrime could inform prevention initiatives that would particularly benefit older age groups and mitigate risks of growing internet use among older adults. Health and social care professionals may be well positioned to support prevention.
Partitioning of removal of microplastics and other anthropogenic particles among influent, biosolids and final effluent in a tertiary wastewater treatment plant
Authors: Jackson Paige V. , Rogers Sean M. , Jackson Leland J. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Influent, final effluent, biosolids, ultrafiltration membrane module inflow and outflow samples were collected in a tertiary wastewater treatment plant to enumerate and categorize anthropogenic particles, including microplastics in the 250 µm - 5 mm size fraction. Samples were digested with 50% hydrogen peroxide, filtered, and examined via microscopy at 40-50x magnification. Most (99%) anthropogenic particles were present in biosolids compared to final effluent (&lt;1%), with fibres numerically dominating influent and final effluent, and fragments dominating biosolids and ultrafiltration inflow and outflow. Assessment of ultrafiltration (pore size = 0.02 µm) inflow and outflow before and after membrane deep cleaning and repair revealed high variability in source abundance and a general, yet non-significant reduction in particle counts in module permeate over 20 weeks. Removal techniques require assessment to explore effective options to mitigate the potential impacts, particularly to freshwater environments, of anthropogenic microparticle release. Our data reveal the utility of quantification and removal options for anthropogenic particles in wastewater treatment plants as they are conduits between municipal and industrial wastewater sources and freshwater and terrestrial receiving environments.
Inland fisheries research and management for the benefit of all
Authors: Cooke Steven J. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Professor William (Bill) W. Taylor from Michigan State University transformed modern day inland fisheries research and management by embracing a more holistic science reflecting his systems level thinking. Moreover, he recognized that fisheries science was much more than biology and created opportunities to combine natural and social sciences in meaningful and effective ways. Rather than working just in his back yard (the Laurentian Great Lakes of North America), Professor Taylor extended his reach in his quest to achieve sustainable and responsible inland fisheries around the globe. He recognized he could not do it alone and engaged in thoughtful and purposeful efforts (to engage trainees to ensure that the next generation was prepared) and fisheries professionals from around the globe (to build capacity and ensure agency over management of resources in their home regions). In this paper I reflect on lessons that I have learned from my friend, colleague and mentor Professor Bill Taylor about how to engage in inland fisheries research and management for the benefit of all.
Influence of wearing a face mask on speech properties
Authors: Aharonson Vered , Carlson Craig S. , Postema Michiel , Putter-Katz Hanna , Tetin Schneider Simona 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The increased use of face masks for infection prevention has resulted in difficulties in speech understanding. Thus, there is a need for tuning of acoustic plans in hearing aids to compensate for the loss of acoustic information due to the mask.Previous studies focused on isolated vowel sounds. Our study measured the effect of surgery masks on the acoustic attributes of vowels and compared the effect of isolated to co-articulated vowels. The voices of 45 male speakers were recorded whilst pronouncing isolated vowels and vowels within the co-articulation in a sentence. All recordings were repeated with the participants wearing a surgical mask. Acoustic factors of length, intensity, pitch, formants, shimmer, and jitter were extracted from the vowels in all the different conditions. The differences between masked and unmasked acoustics in the co-articulated vowels were found to be smaller than the isolated vowels acoustic features. These preliminary results improve the quantification of the effect of hearing a face mask in the real-life production of speech.
Novelle approach to simulating spinal cord stimulation during tSCS using CT images and FEM
Authors: Árnason Jón Andri , Guðmundsdóttir-Korchai Ragnhildur , Afework Tesfahunegn Yonatan , Helgason Þórður 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation (tSCS) offers non-invasive relief for chronic pain and improves motor function in spinal cord injured (SCI) patients. However, its mechanisms are not currently fully understood, and patientspecific factors, such as Body mass index (BMI) and age, complicate treatments. This paper aims to understand tSCS better by developing a novel Finite Element Model (FEM) of the human body using CT scans. Three subjects (sex, male, female, male. Age: 26, 27, 64. BMI: 38.9, 24.1, 28.4) underwent a CT scan, performed on a Cannon Aquilion Prime (Slice thickness [mm]: 0.8, Voxel size [mm3]: 0.564, 0.328, 0.527), which imaged the trunk of the body, from top of the abdomen to the bottom of the pelvis. The images were then used in Materialize Mimics Research 21.0 to create 3D images of individual organs, skin, fat, muscles, skeleton, and spinal cord. After pre-processing in Autodesk Meshmixer, the models were converted into solid CAD objects in Ansys SpaceClaim R2021 and combined into a single abdominal model. Ansys Maxwell R2021 was then used for simulations. Five different two-electrode configurations were tested in the prototype phase with a simplified model setup. The positive electrodes were placed over the (Thoracic) T10, T12, (Lumbar) L2 and L4 vertebrae sequentially, with the negative electrode over (Sacral) S2. The simulations took on average 47.4 hours. A marked decline in electrical current penetration depth was observed as the electrodes were placed closer together which was consistent with known current distribution patterns. A preliminary validation test was also performed using a lamb’s thigh. Two electrodes were placed a known distance apart and a stimulation was given, needle electrodes were then inserted in a grid-like pattern to obtain voltage values. The setup was recreated and simulated in Ansys Maxwell. The resulting average percent difference was 44.93 ± 33.3 % (5Vpp Square wave) and 35.02 ± 23.38 % (5V DC). In both instances, the highest difference was at the edges of the electrodes and the lowest difference in the midpoint between electrodes. Later versions of FEM models incorporated more organs and had improved on previous mesh generation flaws, but encountered new mesh generation errors which could not be rectified before the conclusion of the master’s project. Despite complications, this project has provided a pipeline for creating similar models and shown their usability. Future work will involve overcoming the current mesh generation errors, reducing calculation time, and performing a thorough validation test.
Needs-based selection and prioritization of Technologies to Aid and Assist Nursing Staff in Inpatient Care of Elderly
Authors: Arndt Marie , Simon Martina , Schmitt-Rüth Stephanie , Schoeneich Stephan , Landgraf Kati , Jantsch Holger , Baumgärtner Viola , Scharfenberg Elisabeth , Saßen Sascha , Wittenberg Thomas 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Inpatient care facilities globally are facing a critical shortage of staff, posing significant challenges to resident well-being and care quality. This issue is further compounded by demographic shifts and increasing care demands. While technological advancements offer promise in alleviating nursing staff burdens, their effective integration remains complex, with nursing staff acceptance playing a pivotal role. This paper describes a systematic approach designed to streamline the process of identifying, categorizing, and prioritizing suitable technologies in inpatient care settings. By taking into account the specific needs and requirements of nursing staff, this approach, validated through a comprehensive case study, aims to facilitate targeted technology adoption, thereby contributing to the successful digitization of this occupational domain.
Assessment of EEG-PPG Cross Frequency Coherence under Evoked Emotional Arousal
Authors: Banik Sourabh , Kumar Himanshu , Ganapathy Nagarajan , Swaminathan Ramakrishnan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Emotion influences the daily activity of human life. The complex interaction between the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS) contributes to emotional experiences. Various studies have investigated this interaction during sleep, meditation, deception, and cognition. However, research focusing exclusively on emotion-related interactions is limited. In this work an attempt has been made to assess the CNS and PNS interaction by analyzing Electroencephalogram (EEG) and Photoplethysmogram (PPG) signals during emotional arousal induced by audio-visual stimuli obtained from the DEAP database . EEG signals are divided into four frequency bands: theta (4-7 Hz), alpha (8-12 Hz), beta (13-30 Hz), and gamma (30-45 Hz). The envelope of EEG and PPG signals is then computed to determine cross-frequency coherence (CFC). TheWilcoxon Rank-sum test is employed to assess the statistical significance of CFC in low (LA) vs. higharousal( HA) for various electrodes. Results indicate that CFC can discriminate the LA vs HA. Higher CFC is found in HA compared to LA for the beta and gamma bands, while the opposite trend is observed in the theta and alpha bands. The FP1, FC1, and T7 are found to be statistically significant (p < 0.05) in differentiating LA with HA. Therefore, this study offers insights into CNS-PNS interaction during emotional arousal.
Mechanical stimulation and monitoring of artificial collagen membranes for Organ-on Chip applications
Authors: Behrens Stephan , Golde Jonas , Schöps Yvo , Polk Christoph , Seidel Gloria , Goerke Felix , Sonntag Frank , Schmieder Florian 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
A novel tool to create artificial, cell-based model systems of biological barriers for preclinical drug testing and basic research are artificial collagen membranes (ACM). They closely reflect in vivo basement membrane properties like permeability and stiffness. Besides, they act as initial artificial basement membrane during cell culture. Nevertheless, up to now only complex protocols are published to create such artificial membranes. Also the deflection relies on very low pressure to elongate ACM, if in vivo like deflection - as in the lung mucosa - shall be emulated. Moreover, online monitoring of the deflection of ACM is a crucial part, hence collagen is non-transparent in the visual spectrum, reducing the applicability of standard microscopy. Here we show an easy protocol to generate ACM using commercially available NetwellTM inserts and collagen gel based coating. To address above mentioned issues in membrane deflection we developed a novel pneumatic actuation device (MPSstimulus) as well as a 3D-printed lid and a holder for 6-well plates as an easy to use microphysiological system (MPS) to stimulate ACM. Furthermore, we characterized the 3D membrane structure and dynamic elongation using optical coherence tomography (OCT). Based on our preliminary results, OCT is a promising technique for high-resolution inspection and elastographic analysis of ACM and adherent cell layers using the novel pneumatic actuation device.