bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kronik
Authors: Meile Jakob Kyril 
Published: October 2020

KRONIKKEN fortæller om det forgangne kvartal på Det Kongelige Bibliotek: Begivenheder, foredrag, udstillinger, koncerter, erhvervelser m.m. Indhold: Kulturkalender på www.kb.dk; Bøger og bibliotek; støtte fra Kulturministeriets Forskningsudvalg: ”Venligboerne i Danmark”, “Borgmestermausolæer eller templer for Thalia?”, “Svenske krigsfanger i Danmark under Store Nordiske Krig 1709-21.”; seminar afholdt af Copenhagen Photo Festival og Det Natio­nale Fotomuseum; Kurator til Danmarkskanonen for immateriel kulturarv: Seniorforsker Marianne Holm Pedersen fra Dansk Folkemindesamling; Det Kongelige Bibliotek på nettet: illegale balde: Tankestreger – Claus Seidel: 50 års bladtegning, Utopia – Cartoon Award udstilling i Den Sorte Diamant; Erhvervelser¸DiamantKlubben; Copenhagen Jazz Festival: Johanna Borchert & Band, Egberto Gismonti, Klaverstafet med seks jazzpianister, Peter Rosendal’s Old Man’s Kitchen,
Making Art Work
Authors: McCray W. Patrick 
Published: October 2020

The creative collaborations of engineers, artists, scientists, and curators over the past fifty years.
Artwork as opposed to experiment? Engineer versus artist? We often see two different cultural realms separated by impervious walls. But some fifty years ago, the borders between technology and art began to be breached. In this book, W. Patrick McCray shows how in this era, artists eagerly collaborated with engineers and scientists to explore new technologies and create visually and sonically compelling multimedia works. This art emerged from corporate laboratories, artists' studios, publishing houses, art galleries, and university campuses. Many of the biggest stars of the art world—Robert Rauschenberg, Yvonne Rainer, Andy Warhol, Carolee Schneemann, and John Cage—participated, but the technologists who contributed essential expertise and aesthetic input often went unrecognized.
Coming from diverse personal backgrounds, this roster of engineers and scientists includes Frank J. Malina, the American rocket-pioneer turned kinetic artist who launched the art-science journal Leonardo, and Swedish-born engineer Billy Klüver, who established the group Experiments in Art and Technology (E.A.T). At schools ranging from MIT to Caltech, engineers engaged with such figures as artist Gyorgy Kepes and celebrity curator Maurice Tuchman.
Today, we are in the midst of a new surge of corporate and academic promotion of projects and programs combining art, technology, and science. Making Art Work reveals how artists and technologists have continually constructed new communities in which they exercise imagination, display creative expertise, and pursue commercial innovation.
Visual duration bisection in profoundly deaf individuals
Authors: Zhang Feng , Jin Kaige , Zhang Sainan 
Published: October 2020

Background
Previous research has been designed to study the effect of hearing loss on supra-second duration estimation in the visual channel and position effect of visual abilities among deaf populations. The current study aimed to investigate the sub-second duration perception of different visual fields in profoundly deaf individuals.

Methods
A total of 16 profoundly deaf undergraduates and 16 hearing undergraduates completed a visual duration bisection task in which participants made judgments about whether a series of probe durations that were linearly spaced from 200 ms to 800 ms at 100 ms intervals were more similar to a standard short duration (200 ms) or a standard long duration (800 ms). The probe stimuli were presented in the center, left, or right of the screen. A repeated measure analysis of variance (ANOVA) with a between-participants factor of group and a within-participants factor of position, and a one-sample t-test were conducted.

Results
The Weber ratio (WR) values of deaf participants were significantly higher than those of hearing participants, regardless of the presented positions of the visual stimulus. The bisection point (BP) value of deaf participants was significantly lower than 500 ms (average mean of 200/800 ms) and the BP value of hearing participants did not significantly differ from 500 ms, although the overall difference of BP values between the deaf group and hearing group did not reach significance. For deaf participants, the BP value in the center condition was significantly lower than 500 ms; however, the difference between the BP value in the left condition and 500 ms did not reach significance, indicating that their duration discrimination accuracy in the left visual field was better than that in the center visual field.

Conclusions
Hearing loss impaired visual sub-second duration perception, and deaf individuals showed a left visual field advantage of duration discrimination accuracy during the visual duration bisection task.
Relationship between exposure to Extremely Low-Frequency (ELF) magnetic field and the level of some reproductive hormones among power plant workers
Authors: Suri Sheari , Dehghan Somayeh F , Sahlabadi Ali S , Ardakani Soheila K , Moradi Nariman , Rahmati Maryam , Tehrani Fahimeh R 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background and Aims
Today, human beings are exposed to the ELF magnetic field of electrical equipment and power lines, which can damage Leydig cells and alter the secretion of reproductive hormones. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between exposure to ELF magnetic field and the level of some reproductive hormones in male power plant workers.

Materials and Methods
The present cross-sectional study was carried out among all male employees of different units of the selected power plant around Tehran, Iran. All participants were asked to complete demographic data sheets and General Health questionnaire, on condition of consent and meeting the inclusion criteria. Time-weighted average (TWA) exposure to magnetic field of 122 men was measured by IEEE Std C95.3.1 method using TES 1393 Gauss meter. Based on the exposure level, subjects were divided into three groups. Serum Levels of Free Testosterone, Luteinizing Hormone (LH), and Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) in participants were determined. Data analysis was performed using ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis tests, and the relationships between variables were assessed by linear regression and correlation using SPSS v.25 software.

Results
There was no significant statistical correlation between the level of ELF exposure and serum levels of free testosterone, LH, and FSH, (r = 0.158). Serum levels of LH decreased significantly with age and duration of work experience (P &lt; .05, r = −.25, P = .005, r = −.203, P = .025).

Conclusion
There was no relationship between exposure to magnetic field in power plants and reproductive hormone levels, although it is impossible to make definitive comments without using more accurate methods to estimate male fertility.
Photocontrollable Photonic Crystals Based on Porous Silicon Filled with Photochromic Liquid Crystalline Mixture
Authors: Bobrovsky Alexey , Svyakhovskiy Sergey , Bogdanov Alexey , Shibaev Valery , Cigl Martin , Hamplová Vĕra , Bubnov Alexej 
Published: October 2020

AbstractNovel photocontrollable photonic crystals based on porous silicon prepared by electrochemical etching are elaborated and their great potential for creation of photoswitchable materials is demonstrated. For this purpose, silicon‐based photonic porous wafers are filled with photochromic liquid crystalline (LC) nematic mixture formulated by 4‐pentyl‐4′‐cyanobiphenyl and a specific azobenzene derivative. Results of electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy reveal that molecules of LC mixture are aligned along the etched channels in silicon plate, i.e., in normal direction. UV irradiation (375 nm) of the resulting composite causes a shift of photonic band gap to longer wavelengths by ≈10 nm. This phenomenon is explained by isothermal photoinduced nematic–isotropic phase transition associated with the bent‐shaped Z isomer formation of the azobenzene compound. During this transition, effective refractive index slightly increases as the initial homeotropic alignment of LC molecules transforms to the isotropic nonaligned state. This process is completely reversible under visible light action (428 nm) and can be repeated many times. Obtained photonic crystal photochromic LC composites can be considered as new promising material for photonic applications.
Evolutionary dynamics of genome size in a radiation of woody plants
Authors: Moeglein Morgan K. , Chatelet David S. , Donoghue Michael J. , Edwards Erika J. 
Published: October 2020

PREMISEPlant genome size ranges widely, providing many opportunities to examine how genome size variation affects plant form and function. We analyzed trends in chromosome number, genome size, and leaf traits for the woody angiosperm clade Viburnum to examine the evolutionary associations, functional implications, and possible drivers of genome size.METHODSChromosome counts and genome size estimates were mapped onto a Viburnum phylogeny to infer the location and frequency of polyploidization events and trends in genome size evolution. Genome size was analyzed with leaf anatomical and physiological data to evaluate the influence of genome size on plant function.RESULTSWe discovered nine independent polyploidization events, two reductions in base chromosome number, and substantial variation in genome size with a slight trend toward genome size reduction in polyploids. We did not find strong relationships between genome size and the functional and morphological traits that have been highlighted at broader phylogenetic scales.CONCLUSIONSPolyploidization events were sometimes associated with rapid radiations, demonstrating that polyploid lineages can be highly successful. Relationships between genome size and plant physiological function observed at broad phylogenetic scales may be largely irrelevant to the evolutionary dynamics of genome size at smaller scales. The view that plants readily tolerate changes in ploidy and genome size, and often do so, appears to apply to Viburnum.
From Carlquist’s ecological wood anatomy to Carlquist’s Law: why comparative anatomy is crucial for functional xylem biology
Authors: Olson Mark E. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAll students of xylem structure–function relations need to be familiar with the work of Sherwin Carlquist. He studies xylem through the lens of the comparative method, which uses the appearance of similar anatomical features under similar conditions of natural selection to infer function. “Function” in biology implies adaptation; maximally supported adaptation inferences require experimental and comparative xylem scientists to work with one another. Engaging with comparative inferences of xylem function will, more likely sooner rather than later, bring one to the work of Sherwin Carlquist. To mark his 90th birthday, I highlight just a few examples of his extraordinarily perceptive and general comparative insights. One is “Carlquist’s Law”, the pervasive tendency for vessels to be solitary when background cells are conductive. I cover his pioneering of “ecological” wood anatomy, viewing xylem variation as reflecting the effects of selection across climate and habit variation. Another is the embolism vulnerability–conduit diameter relationship, one of the most widely invoked structure–function relationships in xylem biology. I discuss the inferential richness within the notion of Carlquistian paedomorphosis, including detailed functional inferences regarding ray cell orientation. My final example comes from his very recent work offering the first satisfactory hypothesis accounting for the geographical and histological distribution of scalariform perforation plates as an adaptation, including “Carlquist’s Ratchet”, why scalariform plates are adaptive but do not re‐evolve once lost. This extraordinarily rich production over six decades is filled with comparative inferences that should keep students of xylem function busy testing for decades to come.
A Benzocaine‐Induced Local Near‐Surface pH Effect: Influence on the Accuracy of Voltammetric Cocaine Detection
Authors: de Jong Mats , Sleegers Nick , Schram Jonas , Daems Devin , Florea Anca , De Wael Karolien 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis work describes a local induced near‐surface pH effect (pHS) arising from the presence of one analyte, leading to an influence or even suppression of redox signals of a second analyte present in solution. This concept and its impact on voltammetric sensing is illustrated by focusing on the detection of cocaine in the presence of the common adulterant benzocaine. An in‐depth study on the observed interference mechanism and its specificity for benzocaine and not for other adulterants was performed through the use of multiple electrochemical strategies. It was concluded that the potential shift and loss of intensity of the square‐wave voltammetric cocaine signal in the presence of benzocaine was caused by a local pHS effect. A cathodic pretreatment strategy was developed to nonetheless allow accurate cocaine detection. These insights are useful for explaining unidentified phenomena involving compounds with properties similar to benzocaine in voltammetric electroanalysis.
Magneto‐piezoresistive characteristics of graphene/room temperature vulcanized silicon rubber‐silicon rubber magnetorheological elastomer
Authors: Zhao Dan , Cui Jin , Dai Xinying , Liu Shaogang , Dong Liqiang 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe effect of graphene with different content on the magneto‐piezoresistive characteristics of graphene/room temperature vulcanized silicon rubber (GR/RTV) magnetorheological elastomer (MRE) was studied, and the relationship between the content of graphene and conductivity of GR/RTV‐MRE was described based on the general effective medium theory. A magneto‐piezoresistive model was established to describe the relationship among resistance, pressure, and magnetic field based on the magnetic dipole and tunneling theory. The samples of GR/RTV‐MRE with different content of graphene were prepared. The experimental platform with magneto‐piezoresistive characteristics controlled by magnetic field was built. The effect of graphene with different content on piezoresistive coefficient of GR/RTV‐MRE was obtained under different magnetic flux density. The experimental results showed that the piezoresistive coefficients of samples with different content of graphene decrease with the increase of magnetic flux density in the range of 0 ~ 80mT. For the same magnetic field, when the volume fraction of graphene is less than 12%, the piezoresistive coefficient is positively correlated with it, when the volume fraction of graphene is more than 12%; the increase of content has little effect on the piezoresistive characteristics. The experimental results are compared with theoretical calculations for correction and error analysis. The results showed that the modified model can well describe the variation of the resistance of GR/RTV‐MRE under magnetic field and pressure.
Development of gum odina‐gelatin based antimicrobial loaded biodegradable spongy scaffold: A promising wound care tool
Authors: Das Shilpa , De Arnab , Das Bhaskar , Mukherjee Biswajit , Samanta Amalesh 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe present study focuses on development of HPMC K100M reinforced antimicrobial loaded spongy biodegradable wound dressing scaffold by blending gum odina (GO) and gelatin (G) which has not been explored so far. All the prepared formulations by varying GO‐HPMC K100M: G are subjected to physicochemical evaluations (visual appearance, swelling study, biodegradability, drug loading, and drug release). F3B (GO‐HPMC K100M: G = 1:1, blank) and F3D (GO‐HPMC K100M: G = 1:1, drug loaded) are optimized and selected for further evaluations. Controlled degradation and sustained release of impregnated drug molecules from F3D may influence the antimicrobial efficacy. A satisfactory result of protein adsorption on the surface of F3B and F3D (almost 24%) can be an important event for being a biomaterial. The safe value of hemolytic potentiality (approximately 4%) may consider as biocompatible in nature. Furthermore, upon other characterizations F3B and F3D can be considered as an excellent potential candidate for biomedical application.
Stable solid dispersion of lurasidone hydrochloride with augmented physicochemical properties for the treatment of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder
Authors: Pardhi Vishwas P. , Flora Swaran 
Published: October 2020

AbstractCrystalline solid dispersion of lurasidone hydrochloride (LH) was made with various polar and non‐polar small molecules to overcome the poor aqueous solubility issue. LH‐Glutathione (GSH) solid dispersion in 1:1 ratio was prepared by co‐grinding method and characterized by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), powder X‐ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy. GSH acts as antioxidant and reported for anti‐schizophrenic activity may provide synergistic action with LH or reduce the side effects. LH in LH‐GSH solid dispersion (SD) has shown improvement in solubility by 7.9 folds than plain drug which translated in terms of improved dissolution rate by two‐folds. The in vitro dissolution results showed maximum dissolution rate with LH‐GSH SD (97.85 ± 2.40%) compared to plain drug (50.5 ± 3.02%) at 15 min (t15 min, %) and thus, satisfying criteria of immediate release dosage form. DSC and FTIR data confirmed the stability of LH‐GSH SD for 3 months at accelerated stability condition (40 ± 2°C and 75 ± 5% RH). The prepared LH‐GSH SD can be used as a tool to target dual problems that is, enhanced physicochemical properties along with possible management of disorder which could be due to synergism with co‐administered GSH. This approach is thought to be efficiently providing the relief to the psychological patients.
Humanization of Chicken‐Derived scFv Using Yeast Surface Display and NGS Data Mining
Authors: Elter Adrian , Bogen Jan P. , Hinz Steffen C. , Fiebig David , Macarrón Palacios Arturo , Grzeschik Julius , Hock Björn , Kolmar Harald 
Published: October 2020

AbstractGeneration of high‐affinity monoclonal antibodies by immunization of chickens is a valuable strategy, particularly for obtaining antibodies directed against epitopes that are conserved in mammals. A generic procedure is established for the humanization of chicken‐derived antibodies. To this end, high‐affinity binders of the epidermal growth factor receptor extracellular domain are isolated from immunized chickens using yeast surface display. Complementarity determining regions (CDRs) of two high‐affinity binders are grafted onto a human acceptor framework. Simultaneously, Vernier zone residues, responsible for spatial CDR arrangement, are partially randomized. A yeast surface display library comprising ≈300 000 variants is screened for high‐affinity binders in the scFv and Fab formats. Next‐generation sequencing discloses humanized antibody variants with restored affinity and improved protein characteristics compared to the parental chicken antibodies. Furthermore, the sequencing data give new insights into the importance of antibody format, used during the humanization process. Starting from the antibody repertoire of immunized chickens, this work features an effective and fast high‐throughput approach for the generation of multiple humanized antibodies with potential therapeutic relevance.
Comprehensive review of implications of COVID‐19 on clinical outcomes of cancer patients and management of solid tumors during the pandemic
Authors: Madan Ankit , Siglin Joshua , Khan Aleem 
Published: October 2020

AbstractCoronavirus disease‐2019 (COVID‐19) has emerged as a novel infection which has spread rapidly across the globe and currently presents a grave threat to the health of vulnerable patient populations like those with malignancy, elderly, and immunocompromised. Healthcare systems across the world are grappling with the detrimental impact of this pandemic while learning about this novel disease and concurrently developing vaccines, strategies to mitigate its spread, and treat those infected. Cancer patients today face with a unique situation. They are susceptible to severe clinically adverse events and higher mortality from COVID‐19 infection as well as morbidity and mortality from their underlying malignancy. Conclusion: Our review suggests increased risk of mortality and serious clinical events from COVID‐19 infection in cancer patients. However, risk of adverse events does not seem to be increased by cancer therapies. True impact of COVID‐19 on cancer patients will unravel over the next few months. We have also reviewed clinical features of COVID‐19, recent recommendations from various medical, surgical, and radiation oncology societies for major solid tumor types like lung, breast, colorectal, and prostate cancer during the duration of this pandemic.
Revealing the subtyping of non‐small cell lung cancer based on genomic evolutionary patterns by multi‐region sequencing
Authors: Liao Gaoming , Liang Xin , Ping Yanyan , Zhang Yong , Liao Jianlong , Wang Yihan , Hou Xiaobo , Jiang Zedong , Dong Xiaoqiu , Xu Chaohan , Xiao Yun 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAccurately classifying patients with non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) from the perspective of tumor evolution has not been systematically studied to date. Here, we reconstructed phylogenetic relationships of somatic mutations in 100 early NSCLC patients (327 lesions) through reanalyzing the TRACERx data. Based on the genomic evolutionary patterns presented on the phylogenetic trees, we grouped NSCLC patients into three evolutionary subtypes. The phylogenetic trees among three subtypes exhibited distinct branching structures, with one subtype representing branched evolution and another reflecting the early accumulation of genomic variation. However, in the evolutionary pattern of the third subtype, some mutations experienced selective sweeps and were gradually replaced by multiple newly formed subclonal populations. The subtype patients with poor prognosis had higher intra‐tumor heterogeneity and subclonal diversity. We combined genomic heterogeneity with clinical phenotypes analysis and found that subclonal expansion results in the progression and deterioration of the tumor. The molecular mechanisms of subtype‐specific Early Driver Feature (EDF) genes differed across the evolutionary subtypes, reflecting the characteristics of the subtype itself. In summary, our study provided new insights on the stratification of NSCLC patients based on genomic evolution that can be valuable for us to understand the development of pulmonary tumor profoundly.