bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fast automatic design method for freeform imaging systems through system construction and correction
Authors: Wu Weichen , Wang Hui , Jin Guofan , Zhu Jun 
Published: August 2020

In traditional optical design, a starting point is selected and coefficients optimization is then performed using software. The process requires considerable time and the involvement of a human with design skills and experience. In this Letter, a fast automatic method for freeform imaging systems design is proposed. Using a plane system as the input, a freeform optical system with high image quality can be designed automatically at high speed. The method consists of system construction and system correction, combining the advantages of the direct design method and the methods based on aberration analysis. After system construction generates a system with fundamental optical parameters, system correction is an iterative process that alternates between image plane correction and surfaces correction to improve the image quality to a high level. Two examples required 5 min 56 s and 6 min 10 s to design freeform systems with near-diffraction-limit image quality.
Sociology for Music Teachers: Practical Applications, Hildegard C. Froehlich and Gareth Dylan Smith (2017), 2nd ed.
Authors: Cremata Radio 
Published: August 2020

Review of: Sociology for Music Teachers: Practical Applications, Hildegard C. Froehlich and Gareth Dylan Smith (2017), 2nd ed.
New York and London: Routledge, 194 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-13822-450-6, h/bk $124.00;
ISBN 978-1-13822-451-3, p/bk $43.96;
ISBN 978-1-31540-234-5, e/bk $35.72
The Racial Limitations of Country-Soul Crossover in Bobby Womack's BW Goes C&W, 1976
Authors: Burns Chelsea 
Published: August 2020

Bobby Womack's BW Goes C&W (1976) presents a case study in country's long entanglement with race and genre boundaries. Though Womack incorporated country references on other albums, this was his only country album. It is sonically proximal to pop country of the 1970s, while including elements of soul and R&B. Womack aimed to make not just any country recording, but one that would address a black audience and highlight—visually and aurally—a black identity. This article provides close readings to show how Womack's album engaged with country music while actively confronting racial exclusion in the genre.
Today's discourse about race and genre provide opportunities to reconsider these issues in country music's history—a history that continues to ramify. For comparison, I address parallels in recent country music, demonstrating that the genre-color line that hemmed in Womack is under scrutiny. But this scrutiny is a far cry from change. Womack explicitly confronted racial issues in BW Goes C&W, yet these remain just as troubling in 2020 as they were in 1976.
Sound Is Round
Authors: Harris Yolande 
Published: August 2020

Can we expand our awareness of remote environments by connecting them to our own bodily experience? “Sound Is Round” takes a winding journey through the superimposed environments of ocean and desert, bringing sounds from the deep ocean of Monterey Bay in California to the high desert of Northern Arizona. In doing so, it brings together experiences of material sensory space expanded by a sonic sense, an amplified listening. The intertwining of these environments and experiences comes together in a notion of roundness, through the form of the Möbius strip. By approaching land-based spaces through a different orientation, thinking through a lens of fluid sounds and listening, a sense of “oceanic consciousness” is explored. A simultaneous experience of relationship to others, to site, and to distant place is reflected through personal stories of participants.
The writing reflects the author’s own artistic practice, using the headphones and soundscape from a recent project Melt Me Into the Ocean, which explored connectedness to the deep ocean from land through sound walks. It also discusses the current project From a Whale’s Back, which works with video, sound, and data from the latest scientific research on tagged whales. Our connection to, and understanding of, the deep ocean environments are considered through these displaced remote experiences of place. Colliding sounds from these underwater environments with a research project around Roden Crater—artist James Turrell’s ongoing land-art work inside an extinct volcano—it emphasizes the importance of physical material sensory experience of place.
Determinan Status Gizi Tenaga Kerja di CV. Karoseri Laksana
Authors: Wening Dyah Kartika , Afiatna Puji 
Published: August 2020

Latar Belakang : Upaya perbaikan kesehatan kerja menjadi penting untuk membangun SDM ketenagakerjaan yang berkualitas, sehingga memiliki produktivitas yang baik. Gizi tenaga kerja mempunyai peranan penting untuk meningkatkan produktivitas. Tenaga kerja perlu mendapatkan asupan gizi yang baik dan sesuai dengan jenis maupun beban pekerjaan. Dengan demikian akan menghasilkan tenaga kerja yang mempunyai daya tahan, kesehatan dan satus gizi pekerja yang baik. Kelebihan asupan energi dan rendahnya aktivitas fisik meningkatkan risiko terjadinya obesitas. Angka kebutuhan energi dan zat gizi lain perlu disesuaikan dengan tingkat aktivitas fisik individu tenaga kerja.
Tujuan : Mengidentifikasi determinan status gizi pada tenaga kerja CV. Karoseri Laksana.
Metode : Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik dengan desain cross sectional. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 150 orang pekerja berjenis kelami laki-laki dengan rentang usia 19 – 66 tahun, diambil dengan metode simple random sampling. Data asupan energi diperoleh melalui kuesioner food recall 3 x 24 jam. Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT) diukur menggunakan metode antropometri. Data beban kerja dihitung dengan cara mengukur tingkat beban kerja melalui reaksi fisiologis tubuh berdasar cardiovascular strain secara manual dengan menggunakan stopwatch. Analisis data dengan Shapiro wilk, rank spearman, dan regresi linier ganda.
Hasil : Sebanyak 20% subyek termasuk underweight, 40% subyek termasuk status gizi normal, 14% subyek tergolong overweight, dan 26% subyek tergolong dalam obesitas. Terdapat beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi status gizi tenaga kerja, diantaranya adalah asupan energi, asupan protein, asupan lemak, asupan karbohidrat, dan beban kerja. Variabel yang memiliki pengaruh paling kuat terhadap status gizi adalah beban kerja, sehingga beban kerja dapat digunakan untuk mempredikti IMT.
Kata kunci : status gizi, tenaga kerja, obesitas.
Chromosome-Scale Assembly and Annotation of the Macadamia Genome (Macadamia integrifolia HAES 741)
Authors: Nock Catherine J , Baten Abdul , Mauleon Ramil , Langdon Kirsty S , Topp Bruce , Hardner Craig , Furtado Agnelo , Henry Robert J , King Graham J 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Macadamia integrifolia is a representative of the large basal eudicot family Proteaceae and the main progenitor species of the Australian native nut crop macadamia. Since its commercialisation in Hawaii fewer than 100 years ago, global production has expanded rapidly. However, genomic resources are limited in comparison to other horticultural crops. The first draft assembly of M. integrifolia had good coverage of the functional gene space but its high fragmentation has restricted its use in comparative genomics and association studies. Here we have generated an improved assembly of cultivar HAES 741 (4,094 scaffolds, 745 Mb, N50 413 kb) using a combination of Illumina paired and PacBio long read sequences. Scaffolds were anchored to 14 pseudo-chromosomes using seven genetic linkage maps. This assembly has improved contiguity and coverage, with &gt;120 Gb of additional sequence. Following annotation, 34,274 protein-coding genes were predicted, representing 90% of the expected gene content. Our results indicate that the macadamia genome is repetitive and heterozygous. The total repeat content was 55% and genome-wide heterozygosity, estimated by read mapping, was 0.98% or an average of one SNP per 102 bp. This is the first chromosome-scale genome assembly for macadamia and the Proteaceae. It is expected to be a valuable resource for breeding, gene discovery, conservation and evolutionary genomics.
The Concept and Functions of Performance Audit: Theoretical Study
Authors: Salienė Asta , Tamulevičienė Daiva , Gaižauskas Lionius 
Published: August 2020

Performance audit is a type of audit that evaluates and inspects an organizations’ activity based on the so-called 3E approach: economy, efficiency, effectiveness, and plays the most important role in institutions of public sector. During the implementation of the public sector reforms in recent decades, the concept of audit has been changing. Therefore, a need to re-evaluate the current definition of the audit and supplement it arose. It is also important to review the functions attributed to performance audit in order to define its ever-changing identity. The aim of the article: to evaluate the concepts of performance audit and the conceptual development of functions from a theoretical point of view. The article presents the analysis of performance audit concepts as well as a performance audit definition. The functions of performance audit have been distinguished, grouped, and evaluated based on how often they are mentioned in the literature. Two problems that make the implementation of the functions more challenging have been distinguished: contradictions among functions arise due to a diverse range of functions; due to versatility of the activity, the functions are difficult to evaluate, and measure and evaluation criteria are hard to establish.
Análise da implantação do Programa Nacional de Controle da Dengue: estudo comparativo de municípios fronteiriços de Mato Grosso do Sul (Brasil)
Authors: Costa Elisângela Martins da Silva , Costa Edgar Aparecido da 
Published: August 2020

Este trabalho parte da pergunta de pesquisa: será que as políticas públicas de enfrentamento à dengue têm sido plenamente implantadas nos municípios fronteiriços, dada sua complexidade territorial? A partir disso, procuramos analisar a influência das características contextuais de dois municípios fronteiriços do Estado do Mato Grosso do Sul, Corumbá (fronteira Brasil/Bolívia) e Ponta Porã (fronteira Brasil/Paraguai), nos graus de implantação do Programa Nacional de Controle da Dengue (pncd) e a influência dos graus de implantação nos efeitos observados. Como metodologia, foi aplicado um levantamento avaliativo entre municípios brasileiros fronteiriços. A coleta de dados envolveu análise documental e entrevistas semiestruturadas com informanteschave. A análise avaliativa demonstrou que o contexto externo dos dois municípios foi desfavorável à implantação das ações de controle da dengue. As metas propostas pelo PNCD não foram alcançadas nos municípios selecionados. Observa-se que houve uma modulação entre os contextos externo e político-organizacional para a implantação parcial do PNCD. Ideias destacadas: Artigo de pesquisa que questiona a efetividade das políticas públicas de controle da dengue nas fronteiras. Pesquisa avaliativa e comparativa sobre a implantação do Programa Nacional de Controle da Dengue (PNCD) entre dois municípios brasileiros de fronteira. Destaca a influência do contexto externo nos resultados da aplicação da política pública
Postpartum female sexual dysfunctions in Hungary: A cross-sectional study
Authors: SzÖllŐsi K. , Szabó L. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPurposeAlthough the prevalence of sexual dysfunction after delivery is generally considered high, this has not been well examined in Hungary. The aim of our study was to evaluate female sexual function at 3-months postpartum and to investigate some of the possible predictor factors which might influence it.Materials and MethodsWe designed a cross-sectional study using online questionnaires and recruited 253 participants. Risk factors such as infant-feeding method and urinary incontinence were assessed for a potential relationship with sexual dysfunction. The Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) was used to assess sexual function. We wrote our own questions about potential predictors.Results48.79% of participants reported sexual dysfunction according to total FSFI score (M = 25.16, SD = 7.00). A significant relationship was found between infant-feeding method and sexual dysfunction (P = 0.003). Sexual dysfunction was more common in exclusive-breastfeeding mothers than in mixed or formula-feeding mothers. Women with urinary incontinence had significantly lower total FSFI scores (P = 0.006), and in the arousal (P = 0.033), lubrication (P = 0.022), satisfaction (P = 0.006) and pain (P = 0.032) domains compared to women with no incontinence problem.ConclusionsWomen suffering from urinary incontinence are more likely to have sexual problems, especially a higher risk of dyspareunia and a lower level of sexual interest and wetness. Exclusive breastfeeding has a negative effect on sexual function.
Post-sports career healthy ageing: The Janus-faced, high-performance sport
Authors: Lelbach A. , Dörnyei G. , Ihász F. , Koller A. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBy now, there is no doubt that regular physical exercise has an overall beneficial effect on each organ of the body. However, the effects of highly competitive sports (HCS) are more complex, as they exert greater demands on the cardiovascular and metabolic systems, among others. Strength, athletic, and aesthetic sport types each has a different exercise intensity and nutritional loading, as well as a different prevalence of cardiometabolic diseases at a later age. HCS athletes experience hypertension and mental stress during competitions and high nutritional loads between them. The post-career effects of this behaviour on the heart, arteries, cellular metabolism, and risk of obesity, are not well known and are not often the focus of research. In this review, we aimed to summarize the post-career effects of HCS. Based on data in the literature, we propose that athletes involved in highly competitive strength sports progressively develop metabolic syndrome and sustained elevated blood pressure.
DISEÑO DE ESTRATEGIAS DE TRABAJO SEGURO EN ALTURAS EN EMPLEADOS ANALFABETAS DEL SECTOR DE LA CONSTRUCCIÓN EN COLOMBIA
Authors: Arroyave Betancur Shirley 
Published: August 2020

El proyecto tuvo como objetivo el desarrollo de estrategias en la población analfabeta funcional de un centro de formación en trabajo en alturas de la ciudad de Medellín para facilitar la adquisición del conocimiento en temas relacionados con la prevención de accidentes laborales en el sector de la construcción por caídas desde alturas, siguiendo una metodología descriptiva con un enfoque mixto, así como una investigación participativa en el que se tomó una muestra de 591 trabajadores.Como primera parte se hizo una caracterización de la población del centro de formación, en la que se evidenció que el 46,5% de las personas laboran en construcción, y que el nivel de escolaridad en un 40,6% de la muestra solo alcanza la primaria, así mismo, se encontró que poseen niveles de escritura y lectura muy bajos con un 74,6%. Posteriormente, mediante observación y revisión documental se analizó el contenido del curso actual impartido, encontrando que los módulos no están diseñados para este tipo de población, si no por el contrario requieren que las personas sepan leer y escribir, siendo un curso no inclusivo.Con base en lo anterior, se diseñó una propuesta de formación inclusiva, pedagógica y didáctica que logré generar las competencias y habilidades necesarias en esta población para la prevención de los accidentes de trabajo.
EL CONSUMO DE MARIHUANA UNA REALIDAD EN LOS JÓVENES UNIVERSITARIOS
Authors: Avella Correa Yessica Alejandra , Rodriguez Suarez Susana , Blanco Ramírez Juan Carlos , Ruiz Mejía María Elena , Medina Villamizar Ronald 
Published: August 2020

Se analizaron las diferentes circunstancias que llevaron a los jóvenes universitarios al consumo de marihuana, por lo que la unidad de análisis fueron personas de la facultad de Ciencias Sociales y la dimensión espacial fue la Universidad Nacional de Colombia sede Bogotá. Como criterio de inclusión se entrevistaron estudiantes de tercer semestre que manifestaron haber consumido marihuana por alguna vez en su vida. El enfoque fenomenológico que permitió estudiar la problemática de estos jóvenes tal y como ellos las experimentan y/o perciben, no basado en teorías. Para recolectar la información se aplicó la entrevista semiestructurada que permitieron a los informantes expresarse libremente y con ello se sumunistró información acerca de las circunstancias que los motivó a consumir este tipo de alucinógeno. Se realizaron 3 entrevistas en el que se determinó que el consumo de varios jóvenes se encuentra asociado a dificultades de tipo afectivo y emocional.
Ecoturismo, mujer y desarrollo: reflexiones sobre la participación femenina en la práctica del turismo en áreas protegidas en Colombia
Authors: Ariza Marín Leidy Johana , Bolaños Briceño Jorge Arturo 
Published: August 2020

En este artículo se presentan algunas reflexiones acerca de la participación de las mujeres como demandantes y oferentes de los servicios turísticos en áreas protegidas y se destaca la importancia de las mujeres viajeras como un segmento creciente de mercado. Así mismo, se explora la experiencia del viaje femenino y se analizan las motivaciones y la incidencia de esta sobre las desigualdades en el uso del espacio. Considerando que las áreas protegidas son zonas del país donde es frecuente que las comunidades habitantes se encuentren marginadas y en condición de vulnerabilidad, ya sea a causa del conflicto armado o de la escasez de oportunidades, aquí se destaca la importancia del trabajo femenino en el sector ecoturístico y su efecto multiplicador en el bienestar de las comunidades locales. Además, se propone un escenario de fomento al ecoturismo con enfoque de género, soportado en una visión de construcción local, donde el potencial ecoturístico se combine con las habilidades y las fortalezas de todos los actores locales en conjunto. En esta línea, este artículo de reflexión se construyó a partir de un enfoque metodológico cualitativo, no experimental y exploratorio, en el que se realizó una revisión bibliográfica en la cual se indagó por documentos institucionales e investigaciones dedicadas al estudio de elementos como el manejo de ecoturismo en áreas protegidas y sus implicaciones sociales, económicas y ambientales, así como la participación de las mujeres en el turismo, bien sea como oferentes o como demandantes de los servicios turísticos.
Dominación, apropiación y accesibilidad en la producción territorial del Alto Sinú desde la construcción de la hidroeléctrica de Urrá, 1994-2019
Authors: Gómez Zárate Patricia , Arroyave Arrubla Sergio Iván 
Published: August 2020

Este artículo presenta un análisis desde la geografía crítica sobre la producción del territorio del Alto Sinú entre 1994 y 2019 en relación directa con la construcción de la hidroeléctrica de Urrá, a partir de la identificación del proceso de planeación y construcción de la hidroeléctrica, de las transformaciones territoriales vividas por las poblaciones locales, campesinos y embera-katíos, y de la presencia del conflicto armado, a través de una investigación etnográfica con énfasis en el análisis territorial. Encontramos que la producción del territorio actual del Alto Sinú se da a partir de la interacción de tres dimensiones de la práctica territorial: dominio, apropiación y accesibilidad, en donde el dominio se concreta por medio de medidas de control como acciones legales y extralegales, la apropiación se refleja en patrones de asentamiento y organización socioeconómica, y la accesibilidad da cuenta de restricciones a ciertos servicios importantes como la energía eléctrica.
ANALISIS KRITIS PENERAPAN METODE PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS ONLINE DI MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH MASA PANDEMI COVID 19 (SOLUSI MENYELAMATKAN MASA DEPAN ANAK-ANAK INDONESIA)
Authors: Ulum Muhammad Syahrul , Pamungkas Jati 
Published: August 2020

AbstraksiPada tanggal 15 Maret 2020 atau tiga hari setelah Covid-19 ditetapkan sebagai pandemi, Presiden Republik Indonesia mengeluarkan kebijakan bekerja, belajar, dan beribadah dari rumah. Kebijakan tersebut mempunyai arti bahwa semua kegiatan harus berubah orientasinya yaitu tidak boleh melalui tatap muka secara langsung, termasuk di dalamnya adalah kegiatan belajar-mengajar di berbagai jenjang pendidikan baik formal maupun informal. Kegiatan belajar-mengajar tetap berjalan, akan tetapi harus memanfaatkan media berbasis online dengan maksud untuk menghindari penularan Covid-19 di Indonesia. Penelitian ini mengkaji penerapan model pembelajaran berbasis online di jenjang pendidikan Madrasah Ibtidaiyah dengan analisis kritis data level mikro. Hasil dari penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa ada unsur kecanduan teknologi oleh peserta didik untuk disalahgunakan di luar kepentingan pembelajaran. Selain itu, jebakan pendidikan gaya bank telah menjerat proses pembelajaan di mana guru lebih memposisikan diri sebagai subjek dan peserta didik sebagai objek yang hanya bisa menerima begitu saja perintah dari gurunya melalui pemberian tugas mandiri secara terus-menerus dengan sejumlah deadline pengumpulan akhir. Tujuan pendidikan secara umum tetap diarahkan pada pembentukan pribadi yang bermental pembebas, humanis dan demokratis, namun kenyataannya justru menjadikan peserta didik mengalami penindasan akan teknologi pembelajaran. Kata kunci: Madrasah Ibtidaiyah, pembelajaran online, teknologi, analisis kritis
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SEPSIS RISK CALCULATOR AND INFECTION PARAMETERS FOR NEONATES WITH RISK OF EARLY ONSET SEPSIS
Authors: Sari Trias Kusuma , Irwanto Irwanto , Etika Risa , Sampurna Mahendra Tri Arif , Mertaniasih Ni Made 
Published: August 2020

C-reactive protein (CRP) is an acute-phase reactant protein that is primarily induced by the IL-6 action during the acute phase of an inflammatory or infectious process. Bacterial infection is a potent stimulus, leading to a rapid elevation of CRP levels within hours while the CBC and symptom are often misleading and/or absent. American Academy of paediatrics (AAP) is recommended routine blood examination test Complete Blood Count (CBC), C-reactive protein (CRP), and blood culture along with empirical antibiotic in neonates with early onset sepsis risk (EOS) risk even asymptomatic. Previous study is showed there were no correlation of CRP and EOS risk. The aim of this study is to evaluate the CRP and CBC profile in neonate with risk of EOS. Methods of this study is using the sepsis risk calculator (SRC) to calculate the probability of neonatal early onset sepsis (EOS) based on maternal risk and infant’s clinical presentation. Neonates with ≥34 weeks of gestation who were started on antibiotic treatment after laboratory examination and blo odculture were taken. EOS risk estimation were compared including CRP, leukocyte, and thrombocyte count. ANOVA applied to distinguished laboratory examination between stratified risk groups. The result is showed using 82 subjects who met the inclusion and exclusion criterias, EOS risk level was stratified into green, yellow, and red group. The p value of CRP level, platelets, white blood cell were 0.35,0.54 and 0.48 where p value was considered as significant if < 0.5. The conclusion of this study is there were no correlation of CRP level and EOS riskASSOCIATION BETWEEN SEPSIS RISK CALCULATOR AND INFECTION PARAMETERS FOR NEONATES WITH RISK OF EARLY ONSET SEPSIS