bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fourteen Years of Archaeological and Heritage Research in the Iringa Region, Tanzania
Authors: Miller J. M. , Werner J. J. , Biittner K. M. , Willoughby P. R. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe Iringa Region is famous among archaeologists for the Acheulean site of Isimila, and among historians as the stronghold where Chief Mkwawa led the Hehe resistance against German colonial forces. However, our research reveals that Iringa has a rich archaeological record that spans the period from the Stone Age into the recent past. This article summarizes the results of 14 years of research by our team, the Iringa Region Archaeological Project (IRAP). Since 2006, IRAP members have recorded 67 sites, and this only scratches the surface of the archaeological potential in the area. These sites, some of which were recorded in conjunction with local participants, have archaeological component characteristic of the Early, Middle, and Later Stone Age, the Iron Age, and the recent past. We consider the archaeological and historical value of Iringa to be high and hope that this work inspires future research, tourism, and conservation efforts in the area.
Exploring the effects of lifestyle on breast cancer risk, age at diagnosis, and survival: the EBBA-Life study
Authors: Lofterød Trygve , Frydenberg Hanne , Flote Vidar , Eggen Anne Elise , McTiernan Anne , Mortensen Elin S. , Akslen Lars A. , Reitan Jon B. , Wilsgaard Tom , Thune Inger 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Whether an unfavorable lifestyle not only affects breast cancer risk, but also influences age at onset of breast cancer and survival, is under debate.

Methods
In a population-based cohort, the Energy Balance and Breast Cancer Aspects throughout life (EBBA-Life) study, a total of 17,145 women were included. During follow-up, 574 women developed invasive breast cancer. Breast cancer cases were followed for an additional 9.1 years. Detailed medical records were obtained. Cox’s proportional hazard regression models were used to study the association between pre-diagnostic lifestyle factors (weight, physical activity, alcohol use, smoking, and hypertension), breast cancer risk, age at diagnosis, and survival.

Results
At study entry, 34.3% of the participating women were overweight and 30.7% were physically inactive. Mean age at breast cancer diagnosis was 58.0 years, and 78.9% of the tumors were estrogen receptor positive. Among menopausal women who did not use hormone therapy and had an unfavorable lifestyle (3–5 unfavorable factors), compared with women who had a favorable lifestyle, we observed a twofold higher risk for postmenopausal breast cancer (hazard ratio [HR] 2.13, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.23–3.69), and they were 3.4 years younger at diagnosis (64.8 versus 68.2 years, P = 0.032). Breast cancer patients with an unfavorable lifestyle, compared with patients with a favorable lifestyle, had almost a two times higher overall mortality risk (HR 1.96, 95% CI 1.01–3.80).

Conclusions
Our study supports a healthy lifestyle improving breast cancer prevention, postponing onset of disease, and extending life expectancy among breast cancer patients.
KIR and HLA-C genes in male infertility
Authors: Wilczyńska Karolina , Radwan Paweł , Krasiński Rafał , Radwan Michał , Wilczyński Jacek R. , Malinowski Andrzej , Barcz Ewa , Nowak Izabela 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Approximately 50% of men reporting to clinics for assisted reproduction have abnormal sperm parameters; we therefore considered whether they differ from fertile males in terms of the frequency of KIR and HLA-C genes, suggesting the involvement of NK cells and some T cells in the inflammatory reaction that can occur in the testes, vas deferens, or epididymis.

Method
We tested a total of 1064 men: 445 of them were patients who, together with their female partners, participated in in vitro fertilization (IVF), 298 men whose female partners suffered from recurrent spontaneous abortion. Three hundred twenty-one fertile men constituted the control group. KIRs were genotyped using KIR Ready Gene kits and HLA-C by PCR-SSP methods.

Results
We found differences in KIR gene frequencies between men who became fathers via natural conception and men who participated in in vitro fertilization for KIR2DL2 (p/pcorr. = 0.0015/0.035, OR = 1.61), KIR2DL5 gr.2 (p/pcorr. = 0.0023/0.05, OR = 1.64), KIR2DS2 (p/pcorr. = 0.0019/0.044, OR = 1.59), and KIR2DS3 (p/pcorr. = 0.0016/0.037, OR = 1.67). KIRs in Cen AA region were significantly overrepresented in fertile males than in IVF males (p/pcorr. = 0.0076/0.03, OR = 0.67), whereas Cen AB + Cen BB frequency was higher in IVF males than in fertile males (p/pcorr. = 0.0076/0.03, OR = 1.50). We also observed a limited association in KIR-HLA-C combinations.

Conclusion
Fertile men differ in profile of KIR genes and KIR-HLA-C combinations from men participating in IVF.
Model based approach for estimating the dosage regimen of indomethacin a potential antiviral treatment of patients infected with SARS CoV-2
Authors: Gomeni Roberto , Xu Tianhong , Gao Xuejuan , Bressolle-Gomeni Françoise 
Published: May 2020

AbstractTo face SARS-CoV-2 pandemic various attempts are made to identify potential effective treatments by repurposing available drugs. Among them, indomethacin, an anti-inflammatory drug, was shown to have potent in-vitro antiviral properties on human SARS-CoV-1, canine CCoV, and more recently on human SARS-CoV-2 at low micromolar range. Our objective was to show that indomethacin could be considered as a promising candidate for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 and to provide criteria for comparing benefits of alternative dosage regimens using a model-based approach. A multi-stage model-based approach was developed to characterize % of recovery and viral load in CCoV-infected dogs, to estimate the PK of indomethacin in dog and human using published data after administration of immediate (IR) and sustained-release (SR) formulations, and to estimate the expected antiviral activity as a function of different assumptions on the effective exposure in human. Different dosage regimens were evaluated for IR formulation (25 mg and 50 mg three-times-a-day, and 25 mg four-times-a-day), and SR formulation (75 mg once and twice-a-day). The best performing dosing regimens were: 50 mg three-times-a-day for the IR formulation, and 75 mg twice-a-day for the SR formulation. The treatment with the SR formulation at the dose of 75 mg twice-a-day is expected to achieve a complete response in three days for the treatment in patients infected by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. These results suggest that indomethacin could be considered as a promising candidate for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 whose potential therapeutic effect need to be further assessed in a prospective clinical trial.
A Dynamical System for Strongly Pseudo-monotone Equilibrium Problems
Authors: Vuong Phan Tu , Strodiot Jean Jacques 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we consider a dynamical system for solving equilibrium problems in the framework of Hilbert spaces. First, we prove that under strong pseudo-monotonicity and Lipschitz-type continuity assumptions, the dynamical system has a unique equilibrium solution, which is also globally exponentially stable. Then, we derive the linear rate of convergence of a discrete version of the proposed dynamical system to the unique solution of the problem. Global error bounds are also provided to estimate the distance between any trajectory and this unique solution. Some numerical experiments are reported to confirm the theoretical results.
Seasonal changes of perlite–peat substrate properties in seedlings grown in different sized container trays
Authors: Kormanek Mariusz , Małek Stanisław , Banach Jacek , Durło Grzegorz , Jagiełło-Leńczuk Krystyna , Dudek Katarzyna 
Published: May 2020

AbstractCultivation of seedlings in trays requires the use of specifically developed substrates. This study presents the results of the analyses of selected physical and mechanical parameters of a peat–perlite substrate, in which seedlings of the Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst), European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.), and pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) were grown during a production season. For each species, the substrate parameters changed throughout the production season, substrate dry weight decreased, whereas its compactness increased with time. Independent of the species, the bulk density and total porosity of the substrate changed or deviated from the optimum range, although the values of porosity were close to maximum and those of density were close to the minimum. In certain periods in the V265 trays with beech and oak seedlings, the substrate was characterized by very low water capacity and excessive air capacity. Compactness measured with a cone penetrometer showed, that this parameter might be used for monitoring the substrate properties.
Suitability of Artificial Membranes in Lipolysis-Permeation Assays of Oral Lipid-Based Formulations
Authors: Hedge Oliver J. , Bergström Christel A. S. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the performance of artificial membranes in in vitro lipolysis-permeation assays useful for absorption studies of drugs loaded in lipid-based formulations (LBFs).

Methods
Polycarbonate as well as PVDF filters were treated with hexadecane, or lecithin in n-dodecane solution (LiDo) to form artificial membranes. They were thereafter used as absorption membranes separating two compartments mimicking the luminal and serosal side of the intestine in vitro. Membranes were subjected to dispersions of an LBF that had been digested by porcine pancreatin and spiked with the membrane integrity marker Lucifer Yellow (LY). Three fenofibrate-loaded LBFs were used to explore the in vivo relevance of the assay.

Results
Of the explored artificial membranes, only LiDo applied to PVDF was compatible with lipolysis by porcine pancreatin. Formulation ranking based on mass transfer in the LiDo model exposed was the same as drug release in single-compartment lipolysis. Ranking based on observed apparent permeability coefficients of fenofibrate with different LBFs were the same as those obtained in a cell-based model.

Conclusions
The LiDo membrane was able to withstand lipolysis for a sufficient assay period. However, the assay with porcine pancreatin as digestive agent did not predict the in vivo ranking of the assayed formulations better than existing methods. Comparison with a Caco-2 based assay method nonetheless indicates that the in vitro in vivo relationship of this cell-free model could be improved with alternative digestive agents.
Dynamics and tipping point of issue attention in newspapers: quantitative and qualitative content analysis at sentence level in a longitudinal study using supervised machine learning and big data
Authors: Opperhuizen A. E. , Schouten K. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis study aims to provide a more sensitive understanding of the dynamics and tipping points of issue attention in news media by combining the strengths of quantitative and qualitative research. The topic of this 25-year longitudinal study is the volume and the content of newspaper articles about the emerging risk of gas drilling in The Netherlands. We applied supervised machine learning (SML) because this allowed us to study changes in the quantitative use of subtopics at the detailed sentence level in a large number of articles. The study shows that the actual risk of drilling-induced seismicity gradually increased and that the volume of newspaper attention for the issue also gradually increased for two decades. The sub-topics extracted from media articles during the low media attention period, covering factual information, can be interpreted as a part of episodic frame patterns about the drilling and its consequences. However, a sudden major shift in newspaper attention can be observed in 2013. This sudden disjointed expansion in the volume of media attention on this large-scale technology occurred after a governmental authority classified the drilling-induced earthquakes as a safety issue. After the disjointed issue expansion,safetyanddecision makingwere the main subtopics linked to the thematic frames,responsibility,conflict,human interest, andmorality. We conclude that SML is a promising tool for future analysis of the growing number of publicly available digitalized textual big datasets, particularly for longitudinal studies and analysis of tipping points and reframing.
YAP1-NUTM1 Gene Fusion in Porocarcinoma of the External Auditory Canal
Authors: Agaimy Abbas , Tögel Lars , Haller Florian , Zenk Johannes , Hornung Joachim , Märkl Bruno 
Published: May 2020

AbstractGene fusions involving the NUTM1 gene (NUT) represent defining genetic markers of a highly aggressive carcinoma type with predilection for the midline structures of children and young adults, hence the original description as NUT midline carcinoma. Recent studies have increasingly documented involvement of the NUTM1 gene in the pathogenesis of other entities as well. We herein describe two cases of auditory canal carcinomas with features of porocarcinoma, both harboring a newly described YAP1-NUTM1 gene fusion. Patients were males aged 28 and 82 years who presented with slowly growing lesions in the external auditory canal. Histologic examination showed monomorphic basaloid and squamoid cells arranged into organoid solid aggregates, nests, ducts, small cysts, and focal pseudocribriform pattern with variable mitotic activity, infiltrative growth, and focal squamous differentiation, particularly in the most superficial part of the tumor. Immunohistochemistry revealed consistent reactivity for CK5, p63 and SOX10 and diffuse aberrant expression of TP53. CK7 expression was limited to a few luminal ductal cells. The androgen receptor and S100 were negative. Next generation sequencing (TruSight RNA fusion panel, Illumina) revealed the same YAP1-NUTM1 gene fusion in both tumors, which was subsequently confirmed by NUT-FISH and the monoclonal anti-NUT antibody. These cases represent a novel contribution to the spectrum of NUT-rearranged head and neck malignancies. This adnexal carcinoma variant should not be confused with the highly lethal NUT carcinoma based on NUT immunoreactivity alone.
ASH highlights 2019: “aggressive B-cell lymphoma”
Authors: Schmitt Clemens A. 
Published: May 2020

SummaryDespite its significant cure rate, diffuse large B‑cell lymphoma (DLBCL) remains a tumor entity of unmet medical need. The 2019 meeting of the American Society of Hematology (ASH) in Orlando, Florida, presented numerous directions, whereby clinicians may expect practice-changing innovations soon or in the near future. In this ASH highlight feature on “aggressive B‑cell lymphoma”, a selection of prominent findings will be summarized. Targeted therapeutics try to meet the needs of patients subgroups that would benefit, and novel immune oncology agents now represent established treatment principles for relapsed/refractory (R/R) DLBCL. Moreover, intense research efforts have been undertaken to identify biomarkers of response. Imaging-based and molecular diagnostic tools are becoming increasingly instrumental in appraising individual risk prior to the first treatment encounter and in the early phase of induction therapy. Genomic analyses of circulating tumor DNA conducted in the peripheral blood has gained attention in terms of assigning patients to dedicated tumor subtypes, monitoring their molecular tumor burden in the course of the disease, and steering personalized treatment extensions in the near future.
Responsive Politikgestaltung in den deutschen Bundesländern? Versuch einer Systematisierung und Konzeption eines Forschungsprogramms
Authors: Wenzelburger Georg , Wurster Stefan , Siewert Markus B. 
Published: May 2020

ZusammenfassungDie politikwissenschaftliche Literatur zum deutschen Föderalismus ist überaus vielfältig. Neben Analysen der institutionellen Arrangements, ihrer Veränderungen sowie der Dynamiken des deutschen Verbundföderalismus, finden sich auch zahlreiche Untersuchungen zu einzelnen Politikfeldern, die sowohl die Interaktionen zwischen Bund und Ländern als auch die Varianz zwischen den Policies der Länder samt ihrer Bestimmungsfaktoren untersuchen. Darüber hinaus haben sich in den vergangenen Jahrzehnten eigene Forschungszweige zu Parteien im Bundesstaat und zur Parlamentsforschung auf Länderebene etabliert. Trotz dieser großen Forschungsaktivität sind jedoch einige zentrale Fragen der Politikwissenschaft zum Zusammenspiel zwischen Wählern, Parteien, Parlamenten und Regierungen sowie deren Wirkung auf politischen Outputs und Outcomes weiterhin unbeantwortet. Dies ist, so das Argument dieses Beitrags, insbesondere der fehlenden Zusammenführung einzelner Literaturstränge und der noch unzureichenden empirischen Datenbasis geschuldet. Mittels einer Systematisierung des gegenwärtigen Literaturstands entwirft der Aufsatz ein Forschungsprogramm, das auf eine umfassende Analyse des politischen Willensbildungs- und Entscheidungsfindungsprozesses in den deutschen Bundesländern abstellt und Fragen der Responsivität und Rückkopplung systematisch in den Blick nimmt.
Heavy metal pollution index for assessment of seasonal groundwater supply quality in hillside area, Kalasin, Thailand
Authors: Chiamsathit Chuthamat , Auttamana Supunnika , Thammarakcharoen Surasak 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAgriculture is a major activity in most rural areas in northern Thailand. The aim of this study was to assess the heavy metal pollution index (HPI) for water supply quality in a rural village in Kalasin Province named Kaeng Ka-am village located in the hillside area of Phu Phan mountain. The concentration of heavy metals including iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), and zinc (Zn) in groundwater supply has been analyzed by the atomic absorption spectrometer. The groundwater supplied samples were collected from eight different locations in and around the region which covers agricultural and municipal area during the monsoon and post-monsoon seasons. The results were evaluated in accordance with the drinking water quality standards suggested by the World Health Organization and Thailand Department of Health Standards. Most of the samples were found within limit except for Fe and Mn contents during the monsoon season at three sampling locations which is above the desirable limit, i.e., 0.3 mg/L. The mean values of HPI were 70 and 46 in the monsoon and the post-monsoon season, respectively, and these values are well below the critical index limit of 100.
Endometriosediagnostik mittels Vaginalultraschall – eine Übersicht
Authors: Montanari Eliana , Rolla Martino , Hudelist Gernot 
Published: May 2020

ZusammenfassungEndometriose ist eine häufige benigne Erkrankung, welche Infertilität und verschiedene Symptome wie chronische Unterbauchschmerzen, Dysmenorrhö, Dyschezie, Dysurie und Dyspareunie verursachen kann. Häufig sind oberflächliche peritoneale Läsionen oder Endometriosezysten des Ovars zu finden, es können aber bei tief infiltrierender Endometriose (TIE) auch Organe wie Harnblase, Ureteren, Darm, Vagina, Sakrouterinligamente oder Septum rectovaginale infiltriert sein. Neben der Palpation und Spiegeluntersuchung stellt die transvaginale Sonographie (TVS) eine akkurate und leicht verfügbare Methode zur Diagnose der TIE, ovariellen Endometriose und Adenomyose dar.
The effect of in vitro corrosion on the mechanical properties of metallic high strength biodegradable surgical threads
Authors: Milenin Andrij , Kustra Piotr , Byrska-Wójcik Dorota , Wróbel Mirosław , Paćko Marek , Sulej-Chojnacka Joanna , Matuszyńska Sława , Płonka Bartłomiej 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
High strength biodegradable surgical threads are in demand for surgical practice. Nowadays, such threads can be made of metallic materials such as magnesium, zinc or alloys based on these metals. In current paper, manufacturing technology of biodegradable surgical threads of Mg–Ca alloys and of pure Zn was developed and basic properties of the obtained product have been characterized. The influence of in vitro corrosion in bovine serum simulating environment in the mammal’s body on the surgical threads mechanical properties was determined. It was found that Zn and hot extruded alloys MgCa0.9 and MgCa1.2 can be recommended as a candidate for the future study in vivo. Properties of the room temperature drawn wires of the alloy MgCa0.7 are not sufficient for its application as surgical threads.
Recognition of emotional facial expressions in adolescents with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Authors: Dan O. 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACTIntroductionAttention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is associated with impaired social competencies, due in part to an inability to determine emotional states through facial expressions. Social interactions are a critical component of adolescence, which raises the question of how do adolescents with ADHD cope with this impairment. Yet, previous reviews do not distinguish between children and adolescents. This review focuses on the ability of adolescents (defined by the World Health Organization as 10–19 years old) with ADHD to recognize emotional facial expressions, when compared to their typically‐developing peers.MethodsComprehensive database search and analysis yielded 9 relevant studies published between 2008 and 2018.ResultsThe studies reviewed here examined recognition of emotional facial expressions in adolescents with ADHD. Behavioral measures (reaction time, reaction time variance and recognition accuracy) show no statistically significant differences between adolescents with ADHD and their typically‐developing peers. However, neural responses as recorded using functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) or Event Related Potentials (ERP) find differences in brain activity and the temporal evolution of the reaction between the two groups.ConclusionsStudies of children and of adults with ADHD find deficiencies in the recognition of emotional facial expressions. However, this review shows that adolescents with ADHD perform comparably to their peers on accuracy and rate, although their neural processing is different. This suggests that the methodologies employed by the ADHD and typically‐developing adolescents to asses facial expressions are different. Further study is needed to determine what these may be.