bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wound healing effect benzosulfonate 1-ethyl-3-methyl-4,5-bis(n-methylcarbamoyl) imidazolium
Authors: Khnychenko Lydmila K. , Selina Elena N. , Rodionova Olga M. , Piotrovskiy Levon B. , Shabanov Petr D. 
Published: October 2020

Materials and methods. In experiments on 180 male rats weighing 180200 g, the wound-healing effect of derivatives of imidazole (IEM-1181) was evaluated as a 10% ointment on models of aseptic full-layer linear and planar skin wounds.
Results. It was found that the compound IEM-1181 in the form of 10% ointment has a pronounced on skin wound healing effect, manifested in the qualitative features of the regenerative healing process. With local application of the ointment containing the tested compound, the strength of the tissue formed on the site of a full-layer linear skin wound was increased when its edges were stretched, and the healing time of full-layer planar wounds was reduced. The morphological picture of the tissue formed at the site of the wound defect corresponded to complete healing by primary tension with complete epithelization of the surface and squamous cell differentiation of the epithelial regenerate without signs of inflammation and scar formation.
Conclusion. The results of the study on experimental models of full-layer linear and planar skin wounds indicate that the wound healing effect of the tested ointment is due to the anti-inflammatory activity of the IEM-1181 compound
Pilot Study for Azoxymethane-induced Colon Cancer in Male Wistar Rats
Authors: Taufik Riska , Pandianta Abidin , Kusuma Rinaldy , Winoto Imelda L. , Suriapranata Ivet , Mathew George 
Published: October 2020

<div class="WordSection1"><p><strong>Introduction </strong><strong>:</strong> The use of animal models could significantly further the elucidation of Colorectal Cancer (CRC) molecular pathogenesis and help in the discovery of preventive and therapeutic agents for the disease. Dimethylhydrazine (DMH) is a widely used chemical agent for Carcinogen induced CRC model. As agent, DMH is however becoming less readily available; hence in this Pilot Study we use Azoxymethane (AOM), a DMH metabolite as an alternative agent to induce CRC in male Wistar rats.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Methods:</strong> Forty two male Wistar rats at six weeks of age were randomly assigned into negative control groups and groups receiving two AOM injections subcutaneously (SC) within one week interval at 15 mg/kg body weight (BW) and 20 mg/kg BW respectively. Rats were sacrificed 8, 16 and 24 weeks post- AOM administration. Aberrant crypt foci (ACF) were analyzed. Tumor foci were characterized by gross examination and histopathological characteristics.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Results:</strong> All rats in the AOM groups developed tumors in the colonic mucosa. Formation of ACF was detected starting from 8 weeks post-AOM injection. The highest number of ACF with multiple crypts was observed at 16 weeks post-AOM administration. The total number of ACF did not vary between the two AOM doses. Mild, moderate and severe dysplastic cells were observed in colonic mucosa starting 8 weeks post-AOM injection. There was no statistically significant difference between number of severe dysplastic cells between the two AOM doses.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Administration of AOM 15 mg/kg BW SC is able to induce CRC in male Wistar rats. Higher dose is not necessary since it does not result in higher tumor incidence. This cancer model may be utilized to study chemopreventive effect of various agents in the future.</p></div>
Assessment of Doctor-Patient Communication Among Residents in Internal Medicine Polyclinic At RSUP Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang 2014 Using Simplified Checklist of Calgary Cambridge Guide
Authors: Awinda Dipika , Syakurah Rizma , Fadilah Mariatul 
Published: October 2020

<p><strong>Introduction</strong><strong> </strong><strong>: </strong>Misperceptions between doctors and patients can bring negative impact for both the doctors and patients. Misperceptions may occur due to miscommunication during doctor-patient communication. Therefore, assessment during the communication process is necessary.</p><p><strong>Methods</strong><strong> :</strong> This study was a descpritive study with qualitative approach. <em>Checklist Calgary Cambridge Guide</em> (CCCG) was chosen as instrument because it has been widely used in many country.The study was condicted in Polyclinic Internal Medicine of dr. Mohammad Hoesin Hospital due to its high patient load with various diseases that is suitable for doctor-patient communication observation. Subjects were six residents in the department. Observation was done during the communication process. Deep interview was then done to assess the resident’s knowledge and opinions in doctor-patient communication and barriers related to it. </p><p><strong>Results : </strong>Majority of the residents failed to do some points of the CCCG, which includes self introduction, role and nature of interview, obtain consent and explain process, obtain permission prior to physical examination.</p><p><strong>Conclusions : </strong>In conclusion, the doctor-patient communication among residents in Internal Medicine Polyclinic At RSUP Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang.</p>
DESCRIPTION OF THE FACTORS EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING FOR NURSING MOTHERS IN DESA KALANGANYAR, KABUPATEN LEBAK, BANTEN [GAMBARAN FAKTOR-FAKTOR PEMBERIAN AIR SUSU IBU (ASI) EKSKLUSIF PADA IBU MENYUSUI DI DESA KALANGANYAR, KABUPATEN LEBAK, BANTEN]
Authors: Samaria Dora , Florensia Lima 
Published: October 2020

<p>Exclusive breastfeeding is providing nutrition only breast milk for babies at the age of 0-6 months. The coverage of exclusive breastfeeding in Banten Province reached 61.6% in 2016. The value is still far from the national target of 80%. Infants who do not get exclusive breastfeeding are at risk of experiencing malnutrition in infancy. This study aims to identify the factors of exclusive breastfeeding in the village of Kalanganyar, Banten. This research used descriptive analytic design. The research sample was taken using a purposive sampling technique which included 96 nursing mothers who had babies aged 6-24 months in Kalanganyar Village. The data collected was processed using univariate analysis to obtain a preliminary picture of exclusive breastfeeding in Kalanganyar Village. The results showed that the factors identified were, mother's age, education, occupation, type of labor, parity, breastfeeding experience, income, exclusive breastfeeding education, knowledge, attitude, motivation, and breastfeeding facilities. The researchers recommend further research with a design that can identify the relationship between these factors and the use of multivariate analysis to determine the factors that most influence the exclusive breastfeeding.</p><p><strong>BAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRAK: </strong>ASI eksklusif adalah memberikan nutrisi hanya ASI bagi bayi pada usia 0-6 bulan. Cakupan pemberian ASI eksklusif di Provinsi Banten mencapai 61,6% pada Tahun 2016. Nilai tersebut masih jauh dari target nasional yaitu sebesar 80%. Bayi yang tidak mendapatkan ASI Eksklusif berisiko mengalami gizi buruk pada masa balita. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor pemberian Air Susu Ibu (ASI) Eksklusif di Desa Kalanganyar, Banten. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain deskriptif analitik dengan instrumen penelitian berupa ceklist. Sampel penelitian diambil menggunakan teknik purposive sampling meliputi 96 orang ibu menyusui yang memiliki bayi usia 6-24 bulan di Desa Kalanganyar. Data yang terkumpul diolah menggunakan analisis univariat untuk mendapatkan gambaran praktif pemberian ASI Eksklusif di Desa Kalanganyar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan faktor-faktor yang berhasil diidentifikasi yaitu, usia ibu, pendidikan, pekerjaan, jenis persalinan, paritas, pengalaman menyusui, penghasilan, edukasi ASI eksklusif, pengetahuan, sikap, dan motivasi ibu. Peneliti merekomendasikan agar dilakukan penelitian lanjut dengan desain yang dapat mengidentifikasi hubungan antar faktor-faktor tersebut serta penggunaan analisis multivariat untuk menentukan faktor yang paling berpengaruh terhadap pemberian ASI eksklusif.</p>
A vine physiology-based terroir study in the AOC-Lavaux region in Switzerland
Authors: Rienth Markus , Lamy Frederic , Schoenenberger Patrik , Noll Dorothea , Lorenzini Fabrice , Viret Olivier , Zufferey Vivian 
Published: October 2020

Understanding how different pedoclimatic conditions interact with vine and berry physiology, and subsequently impact wine quality, is paramount for an good valorization of viticultural terroirs and can help to optimize mitigation strategies in the face of global warming.The aim of the present study was to establish terroir zones in a steep slope region in Switzerland based on vine and berry physiology. The study area, Villette in the AOC Lavaux, was a unique experimental site due to the homogeneity of plant material in a relatively small microclimate (140 ha) and a multiplicity of different expositions, soil types and altitudes. Vine and berry physiology as well as temperature of twenty-two plots were monitored during three consecutive seasons to investigate whether a link with pedoclimatic parameters can be established.The annual temporal variation of the average temperature was 142 growing degree days (GDD) over all years. Remarkably, spatial temperature variability was twice as high, with a variation between most extreme plots of 395 GDDs on average over all years. PCA and hierarchical clustering of assessed vine and berry physiological parameters resulted in a vintage dependent grouping of plots differing between years, which was not congruent with geological entities. This highlights the importance of the vintage effect, which had a large influence on vine and berry physiology and impacted terroir zones more than soil groups. Important differences in budburst and flowering were observed between plots, whereas altitude was the main driver of precocity in all years, being relatively independent of the vintage, which confirms the importance of topography in viticultural terroirs.
MENGEMBANGKAN ‘PERSONAL SOCIAL RESPOSIBILITY (PSR)’ DALAM MEMBANGUN KARAKTER MAHASISWA
Authors: Mona Leila 
Published: October 2020

Kualitas karakter dan kompetensi dari generasi muda merupakan fondasi penting suatu negara. Sebagai generasi muda, mahasiswa diharapkan berperan sebagai manusia tangguh yang memiliki kemampuan dan akhlak mulia, agen perubahan, penjaga nilai-nilai di masyarakat, memiliki kekuatan moral dan menjadi kontrol sosial. Bonus demografi di Indonesia meneguhkan pentingnya pendidikan karakter pada generasi muda. Dalam upaya menempatkan kembali peran perguruan tinggi sebagai wadah dalam membangun karakter sesuai UU no. 12 Tahun 2012 dan Konferensi Unesco tentang Perguruan Tinggi tahun 2009, maka kajian ini menawarkan pendekatan pembentukan karakter mahasiswa dengan dilandasi sifat altruisme, yaitu Personal Social Responsibility (PSR) bagi mahasiswa dan mengoptimalkan pengabdian masyarakat sebagai salah satu dari Tridarma perguruan tinggi. Kajian ini mengelaborasi pengimplementasian sinergi PSR dengan Pengabdian Masyarakat, serta peluang pengembangan nilai-nilai karakter bangsa melalui kegiatan PSR tersebut. Implementasi dari program PSR dilakukan minimal dua kali selama masa kuliahnya. Pemilihan program PSR disesuaikan dengan minat probadi dan minat yang disesuaikan dengan bidang studi yang diambil. Nilai-nilai karakter yang dapat dikembangkan adalah toleransi, bersahabat/komunikatif, peduli lingkungan, peduli sosial, tanggung jawab, dan kreatif.
The Use of Various Substrate Microbial Bamboo Stems for Rice Straw Fermentation and its effect on digestibility and fermentation product of Beef Cattle Ration
Authors: B.H Chabib , Rahayu Sri , Bata Muhamad 
Published: October 2020

This experiment investigated various substrate growth of bamboo stems microbes (BSM) in rice straw fermentation and its effect on dry matter digestibility (DMD), organic matter digestibility (OMD), NH3-N and VFA concentration. Materials were rumen fluid of beef cattle from the slaughterhouse. Basal diets consisted of rice straw and concentrate with ratio of 40 : 60 (% dry matter) were administered to five treatments namely P0 = untreated rice straw (control), P1 = Ammoniated rice straw, fermented rice straw using microbial bamboo stems grown on ammoniated rice straw (P2), rice bran (P3) and cassava waste (P4). The experiment used in vitro method was designed with Completely Randomized Design and the data were analyzed variance. The results showed that the treatment had no significant effect on dry matter digestibility (DMD), organic matter digestibility (OMD), NH3-N and VFA concentration (P>0,05). The fermentation process of microbial bamboo stems in rice straw with a level of 10% with different substrate did not able to increase the digestibility and products fermentation, but there tends that the rice bran and substrates can increase DMD and N-NH3 concentration
Excess Medical Care Spending: The Categories, Magnitude, and Opportunity Costs of Wasteful Spending in the United States
Authors: Speer Matthew , McCullough J. Mac , Fielding Jonathan E. , Faustino Elinore , Teutsch Steven M. 
Published: October 2020

Landmark reports from reputable sources have concluded that the United States wastes hundreds of billions of dollars every year on medical care that does not improve health outcomes. While there is widespread agreement over how wasteful medical care spending is defined, there is no consensus on its magnitude or categories. A shared understanding of the magnitude and components of the issue may aid in systematically reducing wasteful spending and creating opportunities for these funds to improve public health. To this end, we performed a review and crosswalk analysis of the literature to retrieve comprehensive estimates of wasteful medical care spending. We abstracted each source’s definitions, categories of waste, and associated dollar amounts. We synthesized and reclassified waste into 6 categories: clinical inefficiencies, missed prevention opportunities, overuse, administrative waste, excessive prices, and fraud and abuse. Aggregate estimates of waste varied from $600 billion to more than $1.9 trillion per year, or roughly $1800 to $5700 per person per year. Wider recognition by public health stakeholders of the human and economic costs of medical waste has the potential to catalyze health system transformation.
Impact of Caregiving During Emerging Adulthood on Frequent Mental Distress, Smoking, and Drinking Behaviors: United States, 2015–2017
Authors: Grenard Deborah L. , Valencia Esteban J. , Brown Jennifer A. , Winer Rachel L. , Littman Alyson J. 
Published: October 2020

Objectives. To examine associations between caregiving mental or behavioral health outcomes among emerging US adults, defined as persons aged 18 to 25 years. Methods. The study sample included emerging adult respondents to the 2015–2017 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System’s caregiving module. Exposures were caregiver (n = 3087), expectant caregiver (n = 2303), and noncaregiver (n = 12 216) status. Expectant caregivers were defined as persons not currently providing care but anticipating doing so within the next 2 years. Outcomes included frequent mental distress (FMD), drinking (binge or heavy), and current smoking (cigarette or e-cigarette use). We used robust Poisson regression to calculate adjusted prevalence ratios (APRs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We adjusted all models for income. Results. Caregivers had a similar prevalence of FMD when compared with both expectant caregivers (APR = 1.67; 95% CI = 1.28, 2.17) and noncaregivers (APR = 1.50; 95% CI = 1.23, 1.82). Caregivers had a higher prevalence of current cigarette smoking compared with noncaregivers (APR = 1.44; 95% CI = 1.21, 1.71). Conclusions. Among emerging adults, providing care is associated with poorer mental health. Point estimates looking at FMD were higher when we compared caregivers with expectant caregivers, suggesting a difference in exchangeability between comparison groups. Public Health Implications. This study highlights the importance of including emerging adults in caregiving research.
Real-Time Spatiotemporal Analysis of Microepidemics of Influenza and COVID-19 Based on Hospital Network Data: Colocalization of Neighborhood-Level Hotspots
Authors: Mylona Evangelia K. , Shehadeh Fadi , Kalligeros Markos , Benitez Gregorio , Chan Philip A. , Mylonakis Eleftherios 
Published: October 2020

Objectives. To identify spatiotemporal patterns of epidemic spread at the community level. Methods. We extracted influenza cases reported between 2016 and 2019 and COVID-19 cases reported in March and April 2020 from a hospital network in Rhode Island. We performed a spatiotemporal hotspot analysis to simulate a real-time surveillance scenario. Results. We analyzed 6527 laboratory-confirmed influenza cases and identified microepidemics in more than 1100 neighborhoods, and more than half of the neighborhoods that had hotspots in a season became hotspots in the next season. We used data from 731 COVID-19 cases, and we found that a neighborhood was 1.90 times more likely to become a COVID-19 hotspot if it had been an influenza hotspot in 2018 to 2019. Conclusions. The use of readily available hospital data allows the real-time identification of spatiotemporal trends and hotspots of microepidemics. Public Health Implications. As local governments move to reopen the economy and ease physical distancing, the use of historic influenza hotspots could guide early prevention interventions, while the real-time identification of hotspots would enable the implementation of interventions that focus on small-area containment and mitigation.
Deaths Attributed to Psychiatric Disorders in the United States, 2010–2018
Authors: Bohnert Amy S. B. , Sen Srijan 
Published: October 2020

Objectives. To quantify deaths in the United States from 2010 through 2018 that were reported with an underlying cause of death as a psychiatric diagnosis, which do not indicate a clear mechanism of death, and that may be misclassified suicide and overdose deaths. Methods. We used national vital statistics data to identify rates and circumstances of deaths by specific underlying cause of death categories in the US population. Results. There were 115 442 deaths attributed to psychiatric diagnoses and 834 763 deaths attributed to suicide or overdose. The population rate of deaths attributed to psychiatric diagnoses increased from 3.26 to 4.96 per 100 000 US persons between 2010 and 2018. Conclusions. Psychiatric diagnoses may represent a fairly substantial number of misclassified overdose and suicide deaths. Improving mortality surveillance requires improving the accuracy of diagnoses reported on death certificates.
The Influence of Preoperative Tibial Bone Marrow Edema on Outcomes After Medial Opening-Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy
Authors: Yang Hong-Yeol , Kang Sung-Ju , Kwak Woo-Kyoung , Song Eun-Kyoo , Seon Jong-Keun 
Published: October 2020

Background:
The relationship between preoperative subchondral bone marrow edema (BME) in the osteoarthritic knee and pain has been established. However, little is known about the influence of preoperative BME on outcomes after medial opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy (MOHTO). The purpose of this study was to clarify the association between preoperative BME severity and clinical outcomes after MOHTO at intermediate follow-up.

Methods:
We reviewed the cases of 105 consecutive patients who underwent MOHTO for osteoarthritis of the knee with preoperative subchondral BME in the medial aspect of the tibia between January 2005 and December 2015. BME was evaluated using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The sizes of the BME lesions were determined on the basis of the maximum diameter and were classified as small (<1 cm), medium (<2 cm), large (<4 cm), or very large (diffuse; >4 cm). Associations between preoperative BME severity and postoperative outcomes at a mean follow-up of 6.2 years (range, 2.0 to 14.3 years) were evaluated according to a Spearman correlation matrix with each reviewer’s grades. Functional outcomes were assessed using the Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) score, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), Knee Society Score (KSS), and Short Form-12 (SF-12) questionnaire. Survival rate and complications were also evaluated.

Results:
The degree of preoperative BME was not significantly correlated with postoperative outcomes (p > 0.05). There were significant improvements between the preoperative and latest follow-up assessments in all functional outcome categories (p < 0.001). Patients demonstrated marked improvements with respect to pain, function, and quality of life. The overall survival rate was 95.2%, with a mean follow-up of 6.2 years. Six major complications were identified in 5.7% of the patients, and these resulted in 5 patients (4.8%) who had conversion to total knee arthroplasty.

Conclusions:
We did not find any correlation between preoperative subchondral BME severity and postoperative outcomes. MOHTO showed good functional outcomes, a low major complication rate, and an excellent survival rate with a mean follow-up of 6.2 years, regardless of the degree of preoperative BME.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
To Calculation of Fillet Welds
Authors: Davydov E. Yu. , Bondarovich A. I. 
Published: October 2020

When making welded joints, it is not always possible to press tightly elements to be joined before surfacing the weld. In normative documents on welded joints, the allowable gap between the elements to be connected can reach 3 mm when welding with a covered electrode and 2 mm when welding in shielded gases. At the same time the presence of a gap is not taken into account in the standards for calculation of welded joints. Experimental studies have been carried out to determine effect of the gap on the bearing capacity of the weld. Specimens have been made with welded joints of two types: for work in shear and pull-out. For the purpose of comparison, half of the specimens have been made without gaps, and the other half with gaps between the elements to be joined. The specimens have been made at the Minsk plant of technological metal structures, and their tests have been carried out in a research laboratory of the Belarusian National Technical University. Based on the results of the experiments, it has been concluded that the gaps between the elements to be joined significantly reduce the bearing capacity of the welded joints. In addition, inspection of fracture surfaces have shown that, in the presence of a gap, the cut surfaces of the weld pass along the fusion boundary of the base and deposited metals. It has been experimenttally established that the existing gap leads to a slight increase in the penetration depth. However, the latter factor does not compensate for the decrease in the bearing capacity of the welded joint due to the presence of a gap between the elements to be joined.