bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Co2+ Complex of [7‐Hydroxy‐4‐methyl‐8‐coumarinyl]glycine as a Nanocatalyst for the Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of New Mannich Bases of Benzimidazoles and Benzothiazoles
Authors: Sharghi Hashem , Razavi Seyyede Faeze , Aberi Mahdi , Tavakoli Fatemeh , Shekouhy Mohsen 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn this paper, a series of novel Mannich bases of benzimidazoles and benzothiazoles were synthesized via a one‐pot two steps reaction of 1,2‐phenylenediamines or 2‐aminothiophenols with several in situ synthesized Mannich bases of aldehydes in the presence of nanostructured Co2+ complex of [7‐hydroxy‐4‐methyl‐8‐coumarinyl]glycine ([Co(MCG)(H2O)3] as a reusable and bioactive catalyst. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first report on the application of nanostructured coumarin‐based metal complexes [M(MCG)(H2O)3] for the synthesis of organic compounds. The nanostructured coumarin‐based cobalt complex as a catalyst could be reused up to six times without a decrease in its catalytic activity. The cytotoxic activities of synthesized benzimidazoles were investigated against the colon cancer cell line (HT‐29) and fibroblasts cell lines (HFF) as a non‐cancerous cell line, at 24 and 72 hours after incubation using 3‐(4, 5‐Dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2, 5‐diphenyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay.
Admixture tuning for high‐performance concrete for the production of novel precast pre‐stressed long‐span girders for highway overpasses
Authors: Fernandes Paulo , Pala Helena , Cavaco Eduardo , Tiago Paulo , Júlio Eduardo 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe improvements observed in concrete technology in the last decades, namely the production of Portland cement CEM I 52.5 R, the development of third generation super‐plasticizers, and the commercialization of additions with high pozzolanic properties, turned possible the development of new concrete products using high performance concrete (HPC). Nevertheless, their implementation in the production process of the conservative precast concrete industry is not yet a reality. In this paper, the development and characterization of a HPC exhibiting high workability in the fresh state and high compressive strength in hardened state is presented. This HPC aims at producing, on a competitive basis, precast pre‐stressed long‐span girders for highway overpasses. For this reason, the main goal was to maximize the abovementioned properties but using the constituents available at the concrete precast company supporting the research. A set of different commercial admixtures was gathered and their influence on both compressive strength and workability of concrete was experimentally investigated. Results show that the compatibility between the admixture and the cementitious material is of paramount importance. By selecting the best type of the considered super‐plasticizers and by optimizing its dosage, it was possible to increase the workability from class S1 to S5 and, simultaneously, increase the compressive strength in circa 50%, up to 120 MPa, at 28 days of age.
Response surface‐based finite‐element model updating of a historic masonry minaret for operational modal analysis
Authors: Alpaslan Emre , Hacıefendioğlu Kemal , Demir Gökhan , Birinci Fahri 
Published: March 2020

SummaryThis study aimed to use the response surface (RS) method for finite element (FE) model updating, using operational modal analysis (OMA). The RS method was utilized to achieve better agreement between the numerical and field‐measured structure response. The OMA technique for the field study was utilized to obtain modal parameters of the selected historic masonry minaret. The natural frequencies and mode shapes were experimentally determined by the enhanced frequency domain decomposition (EFDD) method. The optimum results between the experimental and numerical analyses were found by using the optimization method. The central composite design was used to construct the design of experiments, and the genetic aggregation approach was performed to generate the RS models. After obtaining the RS models, an attempt was made to converge the natural frequency values corresponding to the five‐mode shapes with the frequency values identified by the experimental analysis. ANSYS software was used to perform 3D finite element (FE) modeling of the historic masonry minaret and to numerically identify the natural frequencies and mode shapes of the minaret. The results of the experimental, initial, and updated FE model were compared with each other. Significant differences can be seen when comparing the experimental and analytical results with the initial conditions.
Distribution and source assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons levels from Lake IJssel (the Netherlands) and their responses to hydrology
Authors: Niu Lixia , van Gelder Pieter.H.A.J.M. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBased on field efforts in Lake IJssel (the Netherlands) from 2000 to 2010, dynamics of 15 priority PAHs in suspended particulate matter (SPM) and in seawater were determined. This study examined time‐varying changes in PAH concentration and composition, apportioned potential anthropogenic sources, and quantified their linkages to hydrological factors. The sum of individual PAHs (defined as ∑15PAHs) varied widely throughout the study period in Lake IJssel, ranging from 0.76 to 9.66 mg/kg in SPM and from 0.014 to 0.136 μg/L in seawater. High molecular weight PAHs were the most abundant PAH compounds, responsible for 73%–97%. Seasonal variation in ∑15PAHs level was distinguished, peaked in late winter and early spring, and reached a minimum in summer. Over site, the heavy contamination was found at the river mouth (e.g., Genemuiden). The driving factors of SPM and water temperature controlled the fate of PAHs. Principal component analysis and diagnostic ratios suggested that PAHs may have been derived from different input sources through various transport pathways, for example, coal combustion source and petroleum source. The findings are useful for filling the knowledge gap of PAH dynamics in Lake IJssel and Wadden Sea, which exerts significant influences on lake's environment.Practitioner points

HMW PAHs (4–6 rings) were the most abundant PAH compounds.

Heavy contamination was found in the mouth of IJssel River.

Time‐varying change in PAHs level was significantly correlated with riverine input.

PAHs sources were apportioned via principal component analysis and diagnostic ratios.
Inflammatory dilated cardiomyopathy
Authors: Maisch Bernhard , Pankuweit Sabine 
Published: March 2020

AbstractInflammatory dilated cardiomyopathy (DCMi) is a syndrome, not an etiological disease entity. The infective etiology and the immunopathology can be best determined through endomyocardial biopsy with a complete work-up by light microscopy, immunohistology, and polymerase chain reaction for microbial agents. This review focuses on the methodological advances in diagnosis in the past few years and exemplifies the importance of an etiology-orientated treatment in different case scenarios. In fulminant nonviral myocarditis, immunosuppressive treatment together with hemodynamic stabilization of the patient via mechanical circulatory support (e.g., microaxial pumps, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, left ventricular assist device) can be life-saving. For viral inflammatory cardiomyopathy, intravenous immunoglobulin treatment can resolve inflammation and often eradicate the virus.
Endovenous (minimally invasive) procedures for treatment of varicose veins
Authors: Hartmann Karsten 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThermal ablation of saphenous vein varicosis has developed into a standard procedure for treatment of varicose veins. The clinical success of the endovenous thermal procedure is comparable to high ligation and stripping operations and a significant difference between these groups could not be detected in long-term analyses. The only difference is in the genesis of saphenofemoral recurrence detected by duplex ultrasound: neoangiogenesis occurs after high ligation and stripping operation and after endovenous ablation of the great saphenous vein a recurrence occurs predominantly via a residual anterior accessory saphenous vein (AASV). Reduction of costs by an increase in endovenous procedures carried out in an outpatient setting in comparison to stripping operations, which are still frequently carried out in Germany (in comparison to other countries) as an inpatient procedure, have meanwhile been confirmed. An endovenous crossectomy (i.e., high ligation) should be strived for. Nonthermal endoluminal catheter procedures are predominantly reserved for treatment of the short saphenous vein.
Impact of liver tumour burden, alkaline phosphatase elevation, and target lesion size on treatment outcomes with 177Lu-Dotatate: an analysis of the NETTER-1 study
Authors:   on behalf of the NETTER-1 study group, Strosberg Jonathan , Kunz Pamela L. , Hendifar Andrew , Yao James , Bushnell David , Kulke Matthew H. , Baum Richard P. , Caplin Martyn , Ruszniewski Philippe , Delpassand Ebrahim , Hobday Timothy , Verslype Chris , Benson Al , Srirajaskanthan Rajaventhan , Pavel Marianne , Mora Jaume , Berlin Jordan , Grande Enrique , Reed Nicholas , Seregni Ettore , Paganelli Giovanni , Severi Stefano , Morse Michael , Metz David C. , Ansquer Catherine , Courbon Frédéric , Al-Nahhas Adil , Baudin Eric , Giammarile Francesco , Taïeb David , Mittra Erik , Wolin Edward , O’Dorisio Thomas M. , Lebtahi Rachida , Deroose Christophe M. , Grana Chiara M. , Bodei Lisa , Öberg Kjell , Polack Berna Degirmenci , He Beilei , Mariani Maurizio F. , Gericke Germo , Santoro Paola , Erion Jack L. , Ravasi Laura , Krenning Eric 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Purpose
To assess the impact of baseline liver tumour burden, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) elevation, and target lesion size on treatment outcomes with 177Lu-Dotatate.

Methods
In the phase 3 NETTER-1 trial, patients with advanced, progressive midgut neuroendocrine tumours (NET) were randomised to 177Lu-Dotatate (every 8 weeks, four cycles) plus octreotide long-acting release (LAR) or to octreotide LAR 60 mg. Primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). Analyses of PFS by baseline factors, including liver tumour burden, ALP elevation, and target lesion size, were performed using Kaplan-Meier estimates; hazard ratios (HRs) with corresponding 95% CIs were estimated using Cox regression.

Results
Significantly prolonged median PFS occurred with 177Lu-Dotatate versus octreotide LAR 60 mg in patients with low (< 25%), moderate (25–50%), and high (> 50%) liver tumour burden (HR 0.187, 0.216, 0.145), and normal or elevated ALP (HR 0.153, 0.177), and in the presence or absence of a large target lesion (diameter > 30 mm; HR, 0.213, 0.063). Within the 177Lu-Dotatate arm, no significant difference in PFS was observed amongst patients with low/moderate/high liver tumour burden (P = 0.7225) or with normal/elevated baseline ALP (P = 0.3532), but absence of a large target lesion was associated with improved PFS (P = 0.0222). Grade 3 and 4 liver function abnormalities were rare and did not appear to be associated with high baseline liver tumour burden.

Conclusions
177Lu-Dotatate demonstrated significant prolongation in PFS versus high-dose octreotide LAR in patients with advanced, progressive midgut NET, regardless of baseline liver tumour burden, elevated ALP, or the presence of a large target lesion.
Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT01578239, EudraCT: 2011-005049-11
UV absorption cross sections of vaporized 1-methylnaphthalene at elevated temperatures
Authors: Retzer Ulrich , Ulrich Hannah , Bauer Florian J. , Will Stefan , Zigan Lars 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn this work, the UV absorption cross sections of the fluorescence tracer 1-methylnaphthalene are determined in the range of 230–330 nm. The experiments are performed in a continuously scavenged gas flow cell, which allows for defined homogeneous conditions regarding temperature, pressure, and tracer/fuel composition. A LSDS (laser driven light source) is used for irradiation, which enables high spectral emission intensities in the UV range studied. For detection, a spectrograph in combination with an intensified camera is applied. Absorption cross sections at temperatures up to 850 K are determined and compared to sparsely available published data. Possible uncertainties caused by the optical setup and the flow cell, respectively, are considered.
Influences of ENSO on boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation over the western Pacific in decaying summer
Authors: Chen Xiong , Li Chongyin , Li Xin 
Published: March 2020

AbstractCharacteristics of boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation (BSISO) over the western Pacific in ENSO decaying summer are revealed in this study. BSISO activity over the western Pacific is significantly weakened (strengthened) in El Niño (La Niña) decaying summer. Coherent and robust northward propagation (NP) of BSISO can be observed from the equator to the north of 25° N in La Niña decaying summer, while the intensity of BSISO NP is rapidly weakened to the north of 15° N in El Niño decaying summer. ENSO modulates BSISO activity by regulating circulation and moisture anomalies. Large-scale atmospheric circulation undergoes radical changes between El Niño and La Niña decaying summer. In El Niño (La Niña) decaying summer, anomalous anticyclonic (cyclonic) circulation and descending (ascending) motion are observed over the western Pacific, which provides an unfavorable (favorable) background state for the activity of BSISO. Low-level moistening north of BSISO convection center is crucial to its activity and NP, and the stronger low-level moistening in La Niña decaying summer induces the stronger NP. Differences in moisture variations between El Niño and La Niña decaying summer mainly stem from the meridional moisture advection, especially the meridional advection of intraseasonal moisture caused by low-frequency background state meridional wind. The stronger air-sea interaction over 15°–25° N in La Niña decaying summer could also promote the stronger NP of BSISO via surface heat fluxes exchanges. Zonal and meridional vertical wind shears can also influence the boundary convergence to the north of BSISO convection center and promote the NP of BSISO via vertical wind shear and vorticity advection mechanisms, but they are not the dominant reasons for the differences in the NP of BSISO between El Niño and La Niña decaying summer.
The influence of wintertime SST variability in the Western North Pacific on ENSO diversity
Authors: Fosu Boniface , He Jie , Wang S.-Y. Simon 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSea surface temperature anomalies (SSTa) in the Western North Pacific (WNP) have been linked to the development of El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events a full year in advance. However, the contribution of the WNP precursor to the temporal evolution and spatial complexity of ENSO remains unclear. Using the preindustrial experiment of the Community Earth System Model as the control climate, a partially coupled experiment is conducted in which WNP SSTa are restored to the model climatology. By comparing the perturbed experiment to the control, we are able to clearly characterize ENSO’s response to WNP SST variability. We find that the WNP is predominantly linked to eastern Pacific (EP) ENSO events. Without SST variability in the WNP, central Pacific (CP) ENSO events are more likely to develop. This variation in ENSO flavor is controlled by how the WNP projects onto wind stress anomalies in the western equatorial Pacific, which in turn impacts the discharge and recharge of ocean heat during the ENSO cycle. Specifically, the removal of SSTa in the WNP weakens the buildup of ocean heat in the western equatorial Pacific, which then hinders the development of EP-type events.
Accuracy of tibial positioning in the frontal plane: a prospective study comparing conventional and innovative techniques in total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Zahn R. K. , Graef F. , Conrad J. L. , Renner L. , Perka C. , Hommel H. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundCoronal alignment of the tibial component determines functional outcome and survival in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Innovative techniques for tibial instrumentation have been developed to improve accuracy and reduce the rate of outliers.MethodsIn a prospective study, 300 patients were allocated to four different groups using a randomization process (two innovative and two conventional) techniques of tibial instrumentation (conventional: extramedullary, intramedullary; innovative: navigation and patient-specific instrumentation (PSI);n = 75 for each group). The aims were to reconstruct the medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA) to 90° and the mechanical tibio-femoral axis (mTFA) to 0°. Both angles were evaluated and compared between all groups three months after the surgery. Patients who presented with a postoperative mTFA > 3° were classified as outliers.ResultsThe navigation and intramedullary technique both demonstrated that they were significantly more precise in reconstructing a neutral mTFA and MPTA compared to the other two techniques. The odd’s ratio (OR) for producing outliers was highest for the PSI method (PSI OR = 5.5,p < 0.05; extramedullary positioning OR = 3.7,p > 0.05; intramedullary positioning OR = 1.7,p > 0.05; navigation OR = 0.04,p < 0.05). We could only observe significant differences between pre- and postoperative MPTA in the navigation and intramedullary group. The MPTA showed a significant negative correlation with the mTFA in all groups preoperatively and in the extramedullary, intramedullary and PSI postoperatively.ConclusionThe navigation and intramedullary instrumentation provided the precise positioning of the tibial component. Outliers were most common within the PSI and extramedullary technique. Optimal alignment is dependent on the technique of tibial instrumentation and tibial component positioning determines the accuracy in TKA since mTFA correlated with MPTA pre- and postoperatively.
The Liouville-type theorem for problems with nonstandard growth derived by Caccioppoli-type estimate
Authors: Dudek Sylwia 
Published: March 2020

AbstractLet u be a nonnegative solution to the PDI $$-\,\mathrm{div} \mathcal {A}(x, u, \nabla u)\geqslant \mathcal {B}(x,u, \nabla u)$$-divA(x,u,∇u)⩾B(x,u,∇u) in $$\Omega $$Ω, where $$\mathcal {A}$$A and $$\mathcal {B}$$B are differential operators with p(x)-type growth. As a consequence of the Caccioppoli-type inequality for the solution u, we obtain the Liouville-type theorem under some integral condition. We simplify the assumptions on functions $$ \mathcal {A}$$A and $$ \mathcal {B}$$B, and we do not restrict the range of p(x) by the dimension n, therefore we can cover quite general family of problems.
X-ray tomography of cryopreserved human prostate cancer cells: mitochondrial targeting by an organoiridium photosensitiser
Authors: Bolitho Elizabeth M. , Sanchez-Cano Carlos , Huang Huaiyi , Hands-Portman Ian , Spink Matthew , Quinn Paul D. , Harkiolaki Maria , Sadler Peter J. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The organoiridium complex Ir[(C,N)2(O,O)] (1) where C, N = 1-phenylisoquinoline and O,O = 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heptanedionate is a promising photosensitiser for Photo-Dynamic Therapy (PDT). 1 is not toxic to cells in the dark. However, irradiation of the compound with one-photon blue or two-photon red light generates high levels of singlet oxygen (1O2) (in Zhang et al. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 56 (47):14898-14902 10.1002/anie.201709082,2017), both within cell monolayers and in tumour models. Moreover, photo-excited 1 oxidises key proteins, causing metabolic alterations in cancer cells with potent antiproliferative activity. Here, the tomograms obtained by cryo-Soft X-ray Tomography (cryo-SXT) of human PC3 prostate cancer cells treated with 1, irradiated with blue light, and cryopreserved to maintain them in their native state, reveal that irradiation causes extensive and specific alterations to mitochondria, but not other cellular components. Such new insights into the effect of 1O2 generation during PDT using iridium photosensitisers on cells contribute to a detailed understanding of their cellular mode of action.

Graphic abstract
CXCL1, CCL2, and CCL5 modulation by microbial and biomechanical signals in periodontal cells and tissues—in vitro and in vivo studies
Authors: Rath-Deschner Birgit , Memmert Svenja , Damanaki Anna , Nokhbehsaim Marjan , Eick Sigrun , Cirelli Joni A. , Götz Werner , Deschner James , Jäger Andreas , Nogueira Andressa V. B. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objectives
This study was established to investigate whether the chemokines CXCL1, CCL2, and CCL5 are produced in periodontal cells and tissues and, if so, whether their levels are regulated by microbial and/or mechanical signals.

Materials and methods
The chemokine expression and protein levels in gingival biopsies from patients with and without periodontitis were analyzed by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. The chemokines were also analyzed in gingival biopsies from rats subjected to experimental periodontitis and/or orthodontic tooth movement. Additionally, chemokine levels were determined in periodontal fibroblasts exposed to the periodontopathogen Fusobacterium nucleatum and mechanical forces by RT-PCR and ELISA.

Results
Higher CXCL1, CCL2, and CCL5 levels were found in human and rat gingiva from sites of periodontitis as compared with periodontally healthy sites. In the rat experimental periodontitis model, the bacteria-induced upregulation of these chemokines was significantly counteracted by orthodontic forces. In vitro, F. nucleatum caused a significant upregulation of all chemokines at 1 day. When the cells were subjected simultaneously to F. nucleatum and mechanical forces, the upregulation of chemokines was significantly inhibited. The transcriptional findings were paralleled at protein level.

Conclusions
This study provides original evidence in vitro and in vivo that the chemokines CXCL1, CCL2, and CCL5 are regulated by both microbial and mechanical signals in periodontal cells and tissues. Furthermore, our study revealed that biomechanical forces can counteract the stimulatory actions of F. nucleatum on these chemokines.

Clinical relevance
Mechanical loading might aggravate periodontal infection by compromising the recruitment of immunoinflammatory cells.
Premium auctions in the field
Authors: Onderstal Sander 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn a field experiment, we study the revenue-generating properties of premium auctions. In a premium auction, the runner-up obtains a premium for driving up the price paid by the winner. Previous research, both theoretical and in the lab, has shown that the relative performance of premium auctions compared to standard auction formats is context-specific. In the experiment, we compare two types of premium auctions with the standard Vickrey auction selling high-quality, limited-edition posters in an online auction. We observe that neither premium auction raises higher revenue than the Vickrey auction. Revenue dispersion in the Amsterdam auction, one of the premium auctions, is lower than that in the other two auctions.