bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Challenges and opportunities of digitalization for health and well-being at work
Authors: Teufer B , Lang G , Affengruber L , Grillich L 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Developments in the working world (e.g. digitalization) are imposing new demands on employees. However, it remains unclear how digitalization affects health and well-being at work and how companies can respond to emerging challenges and opportunities. In order to stimulate the discussion of these issues, the Austrian Health Promotion Fund supported 20 projects focusing on ‘Workplace Health Promotion (WHP) in the Working world 4.0'. The central research questions were: What challenges and opportunities regarding “Work 4.0” were identified and what measures have the companies developed?

Methods
We used a combination of different qualitative and quantitative research methods and instruments. As a first step in this multi-stage process, we conducted workshops with the WHP project managers of each company. Subsequently, we carried out a document analysis of the developed catalogues of measures to identify the underlying opportunities and challenges. To quantify and validate these results, we invited the project leaders and team members to participate in an online survey.

Results
As the WHP projects in the companies progressed, the focus shifted from the challenges to the opportunities offered by digitalization. On average, opportunities were rated more important than challenges in the online survey. The most important challenges were sensitization of managers, permanent accessibility as a health risk and mental stress and strain. The most important opportunities were the optimization of knowledge transfer, communication and documentation. The measures implemented ranged from the use of innovative tools, to knowledge transfer on methods and health-related content, to changes in materials and organization.

Conclusions
The examination of digitalization in the context of health and well-being at work has highlighted the positive aspects of digitalization. The health promotion measures implemented can serve as examples of good practice for other companies.

Key messages
As companies began to consciously examine digitalization in the context of health and well-being at work, the focus shifted from the challenges of digitalization to the opportunities it offers. To meet the challenges of digitalization and to act on emerging opportunities, companies have implemented numerous different measures that can serve as examples of good practice for other companies.
Attitudes toward vaccination among healthcare workers: a cross-sectional study from Italy
Authors: Di Martino G , Di Giovanni P , Cedrone F , D'Addezio M , Di Girolamo A , Masciarelli M , Meo F , Scampoli P , Di Sciascio M B 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
In Italy, the loss of confidence in vaccines has resulted in low vaccination coverage also among healthcare workers (HCWs). Low vaccination coverage among HCWs may lead to dangerous outbreaks and may increase absenteeism. The aim of this study was to investigate vaccine coverage and the attitudes toward vaccination among HCWs.

Methods
A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted from August to November 2019 among HCWs referring to all the hospitals of the Local Health Authority 02 of Abruzzo Region, Italy. The survey was based on the questionnaire proposed by the H-ProImmune Project, aiming at investigating vaccination coverage and beliefs towards vaccination. Besides a descriptive analysis of the results, a logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the association between vaccine coverage and type of occupation (medical doctor, nurse, obstetric nurse, other).

Results
A total of 347 HCWs were enrolled in the study. The 57.3% reported to have missed diphtheritis-tetanus-pertussis (DTP) vaccination, the 50.1% reported to have missed measles-mumps-rubella (MPR) vaccination, and the 62.5% reported to have missed flu vaccination. In comparison with medical doctors, obstetric nurses were more likely to be associated to MPR vaccination (OR 2.8;95%CI 1.1-7.6; p = 0.047). As far as flu vaccination was concerned, both nurses and obstetric nurses showed lower confidence (respectively OR 0.2; 95%CI 0.1-0.3; p &lt; 0.001 and OR 0.1; 95%CI 0.1-0.5; p = 0.003). Moreover, other healthcare professionals reported to believe in natural immunization more than in vaccination (26.5%; p &lt; 0.001) and they were also worried about long-term effects of vaccination (10.2%; p = 0.044). Differently, nurses were more frequently worried about vaccine side effects (24%; p &lt; 0.001).

Conclusions
This survey shows that the vaccination coverage taken into consideration results to be below the 95% threshold. Training on vaccine and mandatory measures may be necessary in order to achieve better coverage.

Key messages
Among HCW all vaccination coverage considered resulted below the threshold. Training on vaccine and mandatory measures may be needed in order to achieve better coverage.
Economic evaluations of public health interventions for mental health: A systematic literature review
Authors: Feldman I , Gebreslassie M , Sampaio F , Nystrand C , Ssegonja R 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
To review the literature on economic evaluations of public health interventions targeting prevention of mental health problems and suicide, to support evidence based societal resource allocation.

Methods
A systematic review of economic evaluations within mental health and suicide prevention was conducted including studies published between 2000 and 2018. The studies were identified through Medline, PsychINFO, Web of Science. The quality of relevant studies and the transferability of their results were assessed using a criterion set out by the Swedish Agency for Health Technology Assessment.

Results
Nineteen studies of moderate to high quality were included in this review, which evaluated 18 interventions in mental health and 4 interventions in suicide prevention. Fourteen (63%) of all interventions were cost-effective. None of the studies that evaluated suicide prevention was of high quality. The interventions largely focused on psychological interventions at school, the workplace and within elderly care as well as screening and brief interventions in primary care. Nine studies (around 50% of included articles) had a high potential for transferability to the Swedish context.

Conclusions
Public health interventions aiming to improve mental health have a high potential to be economically beneficial to society, but high-quality evidence on the cost-effectiveness of suicide prevention is limited.

Key messages
Public health interventions aiming to improve mental health have a high potential to be economically beneficial to society. Evidence on the cost-effectiveness of suicide prevention is limited.
Collective oral health care at Xukuru do Ororubá Indigenous Territory (Pesqueira, Brazil) in 2018
Authors: Santos L F R , Lins F M , Silva I K S , Moreira R S , Mauricio H A 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Primary oral health care services are responsible for performing collective actions, in order to prevent diseases and promote health through education. Brazilian indigenous populations, especially from the Northeast Region, suffer from insufficient access to oral health services. From this perspective, this study aims to verify the performance of oral health collective actions indicators in the territory of the Xukuru do Ororubá indigenous ethnic group (Pesqueira, Brazil) in 2018.

Methods
An observational and ecological study. Secondary data for 2018 were extracted from the Indigenous Health Care Information System, part of the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS). Performance of collective oral procedures conducted by the oral health teams in the Xukuru territory was analyzed through indicators applied for the evaluation of oral health actions and services related to primary care.

Results
There was an average monthly coverage of the collective supervised toothbrushing (CST) of 47.8% for the entire Xukuru territory. The average monthly coverage of the collective topical fluoride application (CTFA) was 2.8%. There was an annual average of 6.2 collective dental procedures (CDP) per capita.

Conclusions
Less than half of the population participated in CST actions. CTFA proved to be almost nonexistent, with poor coverage for the general territory population. The annual average of CDP was satisfactory which may, in general terms, demonstrate greater concern with preventive measures. However, it appears that such average gains strength due to the volume of health education actions, which is part of the indicator sum. Analyzing the low coverage of CST and CTFA in isolation, a reality of low access to fluoride in this indigenous population can be seen. Results points to the need for greater provision of collective actions in the indigenous territory studied, aiming at strengthening the prevention of diseases and/or aggravations of oral health, in all life cycles.

Key messages
Measurement of the performance of oral health teams regarding the collective oral health actions in the territory of the Xukuru do Ororubá ethnic group. Analysis of the indigenous oral health stored data quality, aiming to offer support for system management decision making and to the services organization improvement.
Actions of a Brazilian public telehealth service to help coping with the new coronavirus
Authors: Silva L B , Sousa L A P , Resende R E , Fortini A A , Pessoa C G , Alkmim M B M , Ribeiro A L P , Tupinambás U , Oliveira C R A , Marcolino M S 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
In January/2020 the respiratory disease caused by the new coronavirus was declared as an international public health emergency. In Brazil, until June 22nd there were 1,11 million confirmed cases. In this context, the Telehealth Network of Minas Gerais (TNMG), a large-scale public telehealth service, acted quickly to assist professionals and the population in coping with the disease, mainly in low resource settings.

Aim
To report the experience of a Brazilian public telehealth service in actions to manage COVID-19 and its impacts.

Methods
Experience report.

Results
The TNMG developed 15 infographics and 16 web lectures for health professionals and general population about key themes, such as respiratory syndromes, personal care and ventilatory support. Two of them were live, seen in real time by 13,422 professionals, mainly nurses (63.8%) and doctors (31.1%), from 45 medical specialties (most family physicians-34.0%), in all Brazilian states, especially the Southeast region (58.5%). All lectures were uploaded on TNMG's Youtube channel, each one reaching 5,300 viewers on average. Specific to support health professionals: 2 guidelines were developed - one for primary care units and other to emergency/intensive care; a category for offline (second opinion) teleconsultations was created for doubts about coronavirus; and a list with 39 Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) was developed. For the general population: 65 FAQs were developed; a health team from a low resource setting was trained to provide online teleconsultations; and a chatbot was released to automatically answer COVID-19 related doubts and/or evaluate a user's health condition, indicating if emergency medical care was needed. All resources are freely available on TNMG's website and on its social networks.

Conclusions
Telehealth tools had a notable acceptance and were shown to be an effective way to disseminate information for professionals and lay population throughout the country.

Key messages
Telehealth tools have been proven to be an effective strategy to promote health education, for both professionals and the general population. Telemedicine plays a fundamental role on dealing with public health issues, especially on low resource settings.
Dealing with COVID-19 Barriers to Care: Digital Platform to support and monitor chronic patients
Authors: Lapao L V , Santos M , Maia M , Pedrosa V , Seixas J , Mira da Silva M , Correia J , Heleno B 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The Covid-19 pandemic is causing a set of disruptions, especially at the delivery of healthcare services. The pandemic has shown subsidiary health effects like, chronic care, mental health, surgeries, and deadlock in the other diseases’ treatment.
A digital health platform (PrimaryCare@COVID-19) was implemented to be used by primary care physicians, and nurses, to address both chronic care and COVID-19-related patients at home or traveling. It has been piloted in three Health centers at Lisbon Health Region and it could be scale-up to all primary care in Portugal in the near future. This project was funded by the National Science Foundation to address Primary Care consultations and chronic care services shortage. The clinical primary care processes were studied and a digital workflow was defined using Design Science Research Methods.
This project‘s innovative digital platform is already covering several dozens of chronic patients while at home and addressing the communication with COVID-19-related patients.
The health professionals (physicians and nurses) are able to safely and rigorously communicate with chronic patients and prescribe the required medicines, as well as inform them about the COVID-19 measures. In case of patients either on quarantine or in isolation this platform also allows for the monitoring and health evaluation.
This eHealth Digital Platform is an opportunity to manage chronic care during epidemics, allowing to follow-up patients, preventing them from becoming uncontrolled and having to go to emergency. The digital platform uses smart algorithms to deal with both medication interactions and vital signs alerts while monitoring, chronic and COVID-19 infected, patients, allowing health professionals to remotely consult these patients at home/travelers (by default with phone, but also via digital videoconferencing) and manage all health information about patients in a secure way (and following GDPR rules).

Key messages
The digital platform uses smart algorithms to deal with both medication interactions and vital signs alerts while monitoring chronic and COVID-19 infected patients. Digital Platform is an opportunity to manage chronic care during epidemics, allowing to follow-up chronic patients, preventing them from becoming uncontrolled and having to go to emergency.
Marketing of alcoholic beverages: what can be done to protect the adults of the future?
Authors: Sarasa-Renedo A , Grammatikaki E , Maragkoudakis P A , Kokkorou M , Cardoso R , Torighelli B , Wollgast J , Caldeira S 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Issue
Marketing of alcoholic beverages can influence attitudes and intentions to drink including alcohol initiation in adolescents. Globally, alcohol is the leading cause of death among young people (15-49 years).

Description of the problem
Comprehensive restrictions or bans on alcohol advertising are considered 'best buys' to reduce the harmful use of alcohol and its consequences. We present a database with statutory, co- and self-regulatory alcohol-related marketing codes describing their characteristics, scope, target population groups, marketing techniques addressed, marketing restrictions, and information regarding implementation, monitoring and evaluation of such codes. We analysed these codes and asked: what are the critical aspects that an alcohol-related marketing code should include to be effective and protect public and children's health?

Results
Based on our analyses, we present a toolkit to support restrictions of marketing of alcoholic beverages (as well as of foods and non-alcoholic beverages). It includes a checklist for policy-makers to consider all important aspects during the design, implementation, evaluation or update of the code. We suggest specific actions for each point in the checklist and reflect on the implementation of some of these. Finally, the toolkit discusses digital marketing, the challenges it poses and offers potential solutions.

Lessons
Using a combined approach to address marketing to children of foods, non-alcoholic and alcoholic beverages may be more effective in protecting public and children's health than fragmented responses. The fields of nutrition and alcohol-related harm can learn from and complement each other. A code should cover all forms of marketing, including digital marketing. Our database, toolkit, checklist and inventory of actions support policy makers and others in designing or updating alcoholic beverage marketing regulations and codes of conduct.

Key messages
Our toolkit supports policy makers and others in designing or updating alcoholic beverage marketing regulations and codes of conduct. Practical technical guidance is provided in the form of a marketing code checklist and an inventory of specific actions.
Evaluating the impact of Minimum Unit Pricing on population alcohol consumption in Scotland
Authors: Giles L , Robinson M , Beeston C , Lewsey J , McKay D 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Scotland experiences high levels of alcohol consumption and related harm. The relationship between alcohol price and consumption is well established. Minimum unit pricing (MUP), introduced in Scotland in 2018, sets a minimum price at which a unit of alcohol can be sold. The intention of MUP is to prevent alcohol being sold at below 50 pence per unit, thereby reducing alcohol consumption and in turn related harm to health. Scotland is the first country to implement this form of MUP; the evaluation of the impact of MUP is therefore of international importance.

Methods
Using commercial alcohol retail sales data, we use a natural experiment design with interrupted time series analysis to assess for changes in the level or trend of the volume of pure alcohol sold in Scotland associated with MUP implementation. Data for England and Wales will be used as a control.

Results
Descriptive analysis shows per adult off-trade sales of pure alcohol in Scotland fell by 3.6% in the year following MUP implementation. An increase in the average price of alcohol of 5 pence per unit in Scotland was also observed. There were reductions in per adult sales in all major drink categories with cider having the greatest relative decline (18.6%); cider also had the greatest increase in average price. Results of the interrupted time series analysis have yet to be reported but will be available for the conference.

Conclusions
The early indication of a reduction in total per adult off-trade sales of pure alcohol is an encouraging sign that MUP is having its intended impact. However, the full impact of MUP can only be judged across a range of outcome areas and over a longer time period.

Key messages
Minimum unit pricing appears to be having its intended impact on alcohol consumption at a population level in Scotland in the short term. Further work is ongoing to assess the impact of MUP on a wide range of outcomes and over a longer time period.
The Norwegian industry-led scheme restricting marketing of unhealthy food and beverages to children
Authors: Øvrebø B , Helleve A 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Issue
The Norwegian food industry has implemented a self-regulatory scheme to restrict the marketing of unhealthy foods and beverages to children under the age of 13 years. In the period 2014-2019, the scheme has treated 77 complaints and made 126 assessments of planned marketing campaigns.

Description
The aim of the evaluation was to explore perceptions of the scheme through interviews with stakeholders from the industry, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and health authorities. Further, a survey among parents (n = 1117) with children under the age of 16 years was completed to map opinions on marketing of unhealthy foods and beverages to children.

Results
The stakeholders had different views of the scheme, where the industry was positive, while the NGOs had mostly critical views. The dispute relates mainly to the content of the scheme's code and guidance, and less to the practice of the scheme's committee. NGOs and health authorities argue that older children should be covered by the scheme, whereas the industry opposes this. However, the scheme specifies to take precautions when marketing to adolescents below 16 years.
More than 40 percent of parents are worried that their child is excessively exposed to marketing of unhealthy foods and beverages and report that it affects their child. About one-third of the parents had heard about the scheme.

Lessons
The possibility of having an assessment of planned marketing campaigns is a strength; however, there are still disagreements concerning the scheme's code and guidance. To make complaints, consumers need to know how, complicating supervision. However, parents experience that children are exposed to marketing of unhealthy foods and beverages and support regulations protecting them from such marketing.

Key messages
The industry, NGOs, and authorities have different views about the scheme. Disagreement applies mainly to the age range that should be protected from marketing of unhealthy foods and beverages.
Professional development of civic and health communicators: a national platform in Sweden MILSA 3.0
Authors: Zdravkovic S , Carlzén K , Agardh A , Svensson P , Westerling R 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Establishing oneself in a new country is especially challenging for forced migrants affecting both physical and mental health. The Swedish introduction system includes a mandatory civic orientation program conducted in the refugeés native language, covering different aspects of the Swedish society. MILSA has advocated for including health promotion as a key component in the introduction system, stating that culturally sensitive health communication is a human right for refugees. Through this work, health communication is now included in the program in many parts of Sweden. However, there are challenges due to a lack of professional recognition related to the absence of a recognized training. In order to create a national capacity for a quality based civic and health communication, MILSA has developed a national training program carried out in collaboration with five universities, actors on local, regional, and national levels as well as NGOs and experts in different areas.

Methods
A web-based program including six physical workshops is given nationally. The program consists of 22 modules targeting society and public health issues but also pedagogy, leadership and communication. Evaluation studies are included in the program targeting the education itself and as well as investigating effects on the refugees.

Results
The program has been running for three years ending in autumn 2020 including four admission periods. The early evaluation showed very encouraging results where participants reported a deeper knowledge of civics and public health, resulting in being more secure and comfortable in their daily work, including improvements regarding skills in pedagogy, leadership and conflict management.

Conclusions
The need for an educational platform is recognized by many stakeholders in Sweden. The program has received a very positive evaluation. Due to this, MILSA has initiated a process of establishing a national commissioned program on permanent basis.

Key messages
The program has been highly regarded by the communicators, due to the gained knowledge in their everyday work. The importance of health communication and professional development and its value for the recipients of civic orientation is recognized by many stakeholders within but also outside the country.