bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gaps in Alcohol Screening and Intervention Practices in Surgical Healthcare: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Fernandez Anne C. , Guetterman Timothy C. , Borsari Brian , Mello Michael J. , Mellinger Jessica , Tonnesen Hanne , Hosanagar Avinash , Morris Arden M. , Blow Frederic C. 
Published: August 2020

Objectives:
Risky alcohol use before surgery is associated with an increased risk of postoperative complications and longer hospital stays. Preoperative alcohol interventions can improve surgical outcomes but are not commonly integrated into routine care. This study sought to better understand patient's and provider's perceptions of alcohol-related surgical health and healthcare practices and illuminate gaps in care and how they could be improved.

Methods:
This study used a descriptive qualitative research design. Data were collected between July 2017 and March 2018. One-on-one interviews assessed domains related to knowledge, gaps in alcohol-related screening and intervention, and interest in enhancing alcohol-related care. Key themes emerged from a process of iterative coding and thematic analysis.

Results:
Participants included elective surgical patients who met alcohol screening criteria (n = 20) and surgical healthcare providers (n = 9). Participants had modest or low awareness of alcohol-related surgical health risks. Basic alcohol screening was a routine part of care, but results were often discounted or overlooked. Providers did not routinely initiate preoperative alcohol education or intervention. Providers viewed improving alcohol-related clinical practices as a low priority. Patients were interested in receiving alcohol interventions before surgery if they were delivered in a nonjudgement style and focused on surgical health optimization.

Conclusions:
This study highlights potential gaps in alcohol-related knowledge and care, and found providers place a low priority on alcohol interventions in the perioperative context. Given the high complication rate associated with preoperative alcohol use, these topics are worthy of future research. To be successful strategies to overcome specific barriers to alcohol screening and intervention must address the needs of patients and providers.
High-frequency 10 kHz Spinal Cord Stimulation for Chronic Back and Leg Pain
Authors: Taylor Rod S. , Bentley Anthony , Campbell Bruce , Murphy Kieran 
Published: August 2020

Objectives:
There is good evidence that spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is effective for reducing chronic back and leg pain (CBLP). SENZA randomized controlled trial showed high-frequency (10 kHz) stimulation (10 kHz-SCS) is clinically superior to traditional low-frequency SCS (LF-SCS).
Undertake cost-consequence and cost-effectiveness analysis of 10 kHz-SCS compared with LF-SCS.

Methods:
A probabilistic decision tree and Markov decision analytic model was used to synthesize data on CBLP outcomes and costs over a 15-year time horizon from a UK National Health Service perspective using data from the SENZA randomized controlled trial and other publications. Results are expressed as incremental cost per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) in 2016 Pounds Sterling.

Results:
10 kHz-SCS is cost-saving and cost-effective compared with LF-SCS, with mean cost-savings of £7170 (95% confidence interval: £6767-£7573) and £3552 (95% confidence interval: £3313-£3792) per patient compared with nonrechargeable and rechargeable LF-SCS devices, respectively. 10 kHz-SCS has a 95% likelihood of being cost-effective at a willingness-to-pay threshold of £20,000 per QALY. Our findings were robust across a wide range of sensitivity analyses.

Conclusions:
There is a strong economic case for choosing 10 kHz-SCS over LF-SCS for CBLP. Furthermore, 10 kHz-SCS has clinical advantages not captured in our analysis, including shorter, and more predictable procedure times.
Needs of Socioeconomically Diverse Fathers of Premature Hospitalized Infants
Authors: Merritt Linda , Spencer Becky 
Published: August 2020

Background:To effectively practice true family-centered care (FCC) in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) setting, a nurse needs to understand the perceptions and concerns of all fathers. Although research is emerging on fathers' perceptions and experiences, the samples of fathers represented are not from diverse socioeconomic, racial, and ethnic populations, which limit the findings' generalizability.Purpose:The purpose of this study was to determine the needs of NICU fathers and whether these needs differed based on sociodemographic factors.Methods:A quantitative, comparative, descriptive design was used to determine the needs of NICU fathers. Additional analysis was conducted to determine whether the needs differed based on education, income, and gestational age, whether the father preferred speaking English or Spanish, and whether these sociodemographic factors could predict needs. To determine sociodemographic factors and needs, a demographic questionnaire and the NICU Family Needs Inventory were administered to 99 fathers in 6 level III NICUs.Results:Data were analyzed using independent samplettest, 1-way analysis of variance, and multiple linear regression. The results showed that fathers reported a broad span of needs and fathers from disadvantaged populations may have greater needs in certain areas.Implications for Practice:These results emphasize the importance of the nurses' role in assessing the needs of NICU fathers. By understanding fathers' needs, nurses can provide individualized FCC to fathers to help them be more involved in the care and support of their infant.Implications for Research:Further research is needed to support these findings and test interventions that promote communication between providers and fathers.
Having Skin in the Game
Authors: Stracuzzi Lauren A. 
Published: August 2020

Background:
Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) is a rare but often fatal bacterial infection of the skin and the soft tissue.

Clinical Findings:
Necrotizing fasciitis occurs mainly in adults and remains relatively uncommon in the neonate. Because the presenting skin and laboratory findings are variable, prompt diagnosis is often difficult. The risk of mortality increases with time to intervention.

Primary Diagnosis:
This case presents a 4-day old full-term female neonate with NF resulting in a significant scalp defect.

Interventions:
The neonate was successfully treated using a novel approach with a cultured epidermal autograft.

Outcomes:
The treatment period was effective, and the neonate had an excellent clinical outcome. The neonate was discharged home 21 days post graft application.

Purpose:
This case study will highlight the influence of the clinical nurse specialist on care coordination, innovative treatment plans, and resource development for a neonate with NF.

Practice Recommendations:
Because of the rare but fatal nature of NF, innovative therapies must be considered. Offering a nontraditional treatment can help improve patient recovery and long-term outcomes. The use of cultured epidermal autograft now provides a new treatment option for neonatal patients in the future.
Renal Oxygenation Measured by Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Neonates
Authors: Marin Terri , Williams Bryan L. 
Published: August 2020

Background:
Acute kidney injury (AKI) affects approximately 30% of infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), and increases mortality risk by 50%. Current diagnostic criteria (serum creatinine rise with oliguria) cannot detect early-onset AKI, as up to 50% of nephron damage may occur by the time these abnormalities present. Once AKI is established, clinical management is often ineffective; therefore, prevention is key. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) offers a feasible, noninvasive approach to continuously monitor renal oxygenation trends over time, serving as a surrogate marker for renal perfusion.

Purpose:
To provide an overview of NIRS principles for measuring renal oxygenation, and to describe current evidence of how this technology is being used among infants admitted to the NICU relative to the prediction and identification of AKI.

Methods:
A comprehensive search of PubMed and CINHAL focused on renal NIRS studies in NICU preterm and term infants was conducted.

Results:
Findings from 34 studies were included. In term infants, reduced renal oxygenation correlated to invasive SvO2 monitoring, predicted survivability and AKI. In preterm infants, reduced renal oxygenation was associated with AKI in one study, yet contrasting findings were reported in those with patent ductus arteriosus, including those who received prostaglandin inhibitors. Normative data in all infants were sparse.

Implications for Practice:
Renal NIRS may offer a noninvasive measurement of kidney hypoperfusion that may precede conventional diagnostic measures.

Implications for Research:
Normative data are lacking, the threshold for renal ischemia is not defined, and consensus guiding clinical treatment based on NIRS data is nonexistent.
Congenital CMV-Associated Hearing Loss: Can Brain Imaging Predict Hearing Outcome?
Authors: Craeghs Laura , Goderis Julie , Acke Frederic , Keymeulen Annelies , Smets Koenraad , Van Hoecke Helen , De Leenheer Els , Boudewyns An , Desloovere Christian , Kuhweide Rudolf , Muylle Marie , Royackers Liesbeth , Schatteman Isabelle , Dhooge Ingeborg 
Published: August 2020

Objectives:
Congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) infection is the leading cause of nonhereditary sensorineural hearing loss in childhood and is also associated with CNS abnormalities. The main objective is to investigate the prognostic value of neonatal cranial ultrasound (cUS) and cranial magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI) in predicting long-term hearing outcome in a large cohort of cCMV-infected symptomatic and asymptomatic patients.

Design:
Data were prospectively collected from a multicentre Flemish registry of children with cCMV infection born between 2007 and 2016. Neonatal cUS and cMRI scans were examined for lesions related to cCMV infection. Audiometric results at different time points were analyzed. The imaging and audiometric results were linked and diagnostic values of cUS and cMRI were calculated for the different hearing outcomes.

Results:
We were able to include 411 cCMV patients, of whom 40% was considered symptomatic at birth. Cranial ultrasound abnormalities associated with cCMV infection were found in 76 children (22.2% of the cUS scans), whereas cMRI revealed abnormalities in 74 patients (26.9% of the cMRI scans). A significant relation could be found between the presence of cUS or cMRI abnormalities and hearing loss at baseline and last follow-up. Cranial ultrasound and cMRI findings were not significantly correlated with the development of delayed-onset hearing loss. Specificity and sensitivity of an abnormal cUS to predict hearing loss at final follow-up were 84% and 43%, respectively compared with 78% and 39% for cMRI. Normal cUS and cMRI findings have a negative predictive value of 91% and 92%, respectively, for the development of delayed-onset hearing loss.

Conclusions:
Neuroimaging evidence of CNS involvement in the neonatal period is associated with the presence of hearing loss in children with a cCMV infection. Imaging abnormalities are not predictive for the development of delayed-onset hearing loss.
Single-incision Extraperiosteal Triple Innominate Osteotomy: Outcomes of an Updated Technique
Authors: Sankar Wudbhav N. , Zaltz Ira 
Published: August 2020

Background:
Since its original description, the triple pelvic osteotomy has undergone several modifications and refinements most often utilizing 3 or 2 incisions. Recently, a single-incision extraperiosteal technique has been described; however, little data exist on the outcomes of this procedure.

Methods:
All patients undergoing single-incision triple osteotomy from 2 centers were retrospectively reviewed. Demographic data, underlying diagnosis, and preoperative radiographic data were recorded. Intraoperative details including estimated blood loss and type of postoperative immobilization were noted. Over the follow-up period, complications were recorded as were radiographic outcomes including lateral center edge angle, acetabular index, migration percentage, continuity of Shenton’s line, and time to union.

Results:
Twenty-eight hips (in 24 patients) underwent surgery at a mean age of 9.3 years (range, 6.5 to 13.8 y). Diagnoses included Trisomy 21 (9), developmental dysplasia of the hip (5), Charcot-Marie-Tooth (3), and neuromuscular disease (9) among others. The mean estimated blood loss was 135 mL (±98 mL) and most patients were immobilized in an abduction brace or single-leg spica cast for an average of 7.6±2.2 weeks after surgery before weight-bearing was advanced. At a mean follow-up of 3.0±2.2 years, the lateral center edge angle improved from an average of 1±14 degrees preoperatively to 35±7 degrees, the acetabular index from 27±11 degrees to 2±5 degrees, and the migration percentage from 44%±21% to 3%±5%. Fourteen hips had frank instability before surgery and 20 had a break in Shenton’s line >5 mm. At most recent follow-up, all but 1 hip was stable (93%) and all had restoration of Shenton’s line (100%). Radiographic union occurred at a mean of 14 weeks (±11 wk). One patient developed an ischial nonunion that underwent further surgery, 1 had premature closure of the triradiate cartilage, and 1 patient with transverse myelitis developed Charcot arthropathy. There were no other complications in this series.

Conclusions:
In this dual-center retrospective series, the single-incision triple innominate osteotomy was extremely effective for improving acetabular coverage and stabilizing unstable hips in a variety of underlying diagnoses with an acceptably low rate of complications.

Level of Evidence:
Level IV—case series.
Association between PTCH1 gene polymorphisms and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease susceptibility in a Chinese Han population: a case-control study
Authors: Kang Xi , Guo Ting , Liu Lyu , Ding Shui-Zi , Lei Cheng , Luo Hong 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Genome-wide association studies in non-Asian population revealed a link between COPD and mutations in the PTCH1 gene encoding Patched1, a receptor in the Hedgehog signaling pathway important for lung morphogenesis and pulmonary function. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between PTCH1 polymorphisms and the COPD risk in the Chinese Han population.

Methods
We performed a case-control study including 296 patients with COPD and 300 healthy individuals. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the PTCH1 gene were identified and genotyped based on the linkage disequilibrium analysis in all participants. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were estimated using logistic regression analysis after adjustment for age, gender, and smoking.

Results
In total, 28 single-nucleotide polymorphisms were identified in patients with COPD. Among them, “A” allele of rs28491365 (OR: 1.388, 95% CI: 1.055–1.827, P = 0.018), and “G” alleles of rs10512248 (OR: 1.299, 95% CI: 1.021–1.653, P = 0.033) and rs28705285 (OR: 1.359, 95% CI: 1.024–1.803, P = 0.033; respectively) were significantly associated with an increased COPD risk. Genetic model analysis revealed that the “T/T” genotype of rs34695652 was associated with a decreased COPD risk under the recessive model (OR: 0.490, 95% CI: 0.270–0.880, P = 0.010), whereas rs28504650/rs10512248 haplotype CG was significantly associated with an increased COPD risk after adjustment for age, gender, and smoking status (OR: 6.364, 95% CI: 1.220–33.292, P = 0.028).

Conclusions
The study provides a new insight into the role of PTCH1 polymorphisms in the susceptibility to COPD in the Chinese Han population.
Twenty years of changes in the disease assessment method of the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease
Authors: Liao Yi-Xuan , Chen Ya-Hong 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) has been changing for nearly 20 years. GOLD has moved from single assessment using spirometry to a more comprehensive assessment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease using spirometry, symptoms and exacerbation history. And subsequently, a new assessment system for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease separated spirometric grades from the old assessment system, and classified patients only according to their symptoms and history of exacerbation. The distribution, clinical characteristics, treatment, and prognosis of the new subgroups were different from the old ones. In this review, we will present a brief profile of changes made to the disease assessment method of GOLD, based on the relevant existing literature.
Silencing novel long non-coding RNA FKBP9P1 represses malignant progression and inhibits PI3K/AKT signaling of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in vitro
Authors: Yang Yi-Fan , Feng Ling , Shi Qian , Ma Hong-Zhi , He Shi-Zhi , Hou Li-Zhen , Wang Ru , Fang Ju-Gao 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play key roles in human cancers. In our previous study, we demonstrated that lncRNA FKBP prolyl isomerase 9 pseudogene 1 (FKBP9P1) was highly expressed in head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) tissues. However, its functional significance remains poorly understood. In the present study, we identify the role and potential molecular biologic mechanisms of FKBP9P1 in HNSCC.

Methods
Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the expression of FKBP9P1 in HNSCC tissues, matched adjacent normal tissues, human HNSCC cells (FaDu, Cal-27, SCC4, and SCC9), and human immortalized keratinocytes cell HaCaT (normal control). Cal-27 and SCC9 cells were transfected with sh-FKBP9P1-1, sh-FKBP9P1-2, and normal control (sh-NC) lentivirus. Cell counting kit-8 assay, colony formation assay, wound healing assay, and trans-well assay were used to explore the biologic function of FKBP9P1 in HNSCC cells. Furthermore, western blotting was used to determine the mechanism of FKBP9P1 in HNSCC progression. Chi-squared test was performed to assess the clinical significance among FKBP9P1 high-expression and low-expression groups. Survival analyses were performed using the Kaplan-Meier method and assessed using the log-rank test. The comparison between two groups was analyzed by Student t test, and comparisons among multiple samples were performed by one-way analysis of variance and a Bonferroni post hoc test.

Results
FKBP9P1 expression was significantly up-regulated in HNSCC tissues (tumor vs. normal, 1.914 vs. 0.957, t = 7.746, P < 0.001) and cell lines (P < 0.01 in all HNSCC cell lines). Besides, the median FKBP9P1 expression of HNSCC tissues (1.677) was considered as the threshold. High FKBP9P1 level was correlated with advanced T stage (P = 0.022), advanced N stage (P = 0.036), advanced clinical stage (P = 0.018), and poor prognosis of HNSCC patients (overall survival, P = 0.002 and disease-free survival, P < 0.001). Knockdown of FKBP9P1 led to marked repression in proliferation, migration, and invasion of HNSCC cells in vitro (P all < 0.01). Mechanistically, silencing FKBP9P1 was observed to restrain the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

Conclusions
Silencing lncRNA FKBP9P1 represses HNSCC progression and inhibits PI3K/AKT (phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase/AKT Serine/Threonine Kinase) signaling in vitro. Therefore, FKBP9P1 could be a potential new target for the diagnosis and treatment of HNSCC patients.
The Effect of Conditioned Media From Human Adipocyte-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Androgenetic Alopecia After Nonablative Fractional Laser Treatment
Authors: Lee Young In , Kim Jihee , Kim Jemin , Park Sujin , Lee Ju Hee 
Published: August 2020

BACKGROUND
The conditioned media from adipocyte-derived mesenchymal stem cells-conditioned media (ADSC-CM) contains cytokines and growth factors that stimulate hair regeneration.

OBJECTIVE
We evaluated the efficacy and safety of human ADSC-CM treatment on patients who underwent nonablative fractional laser for the treatment of androgenetic alopecia (AGA).

MATERIALS AND METHODS
Thirty patients who underwent nonablative fractional laser treatment were topically administered either ADSC-CM or placebo solution. As a primary outcome, phototrichograms were taken to measure changes in hair density at each visit. In addition, global improvement scores (GISs) were compared by clinical digital photographs, which were taken at the initial and final visits, and assessed by 2 independent dermatologists. Finally, the investigator's improvement score was measured by questionnaire response during the final visit.

RESULTS
Hair density comparisons during the treatment period revealed that the ADSC-CM group had significantly higher final densities compared with the placebo group. The GIS of the ADSC-CM group was also significantly higher than the placebo group. Finally, no adverse effects associated with the application of ADSC-CM were noted during the study.

CONCLUSION
The application of ADSC-CM after nonablative fractional laser treatment accelerated increases in hair density and volume in AGA patients.
Clinical Efficacy of Topical Tranexamic Acid With Microneedling in Melasma
Authors: Kaur Amrit , Bhalla Mala , Pal Thami Gurvinder , Sandhu Jasleen 
Published: August 2020

BACKGROUND
Melasma is a common, recurrent, and refractory cause of facial pigmentation resulting in cosmetic disfigurement. Tranexamic acid (TA) has been used systemically and locally for clearance of pigmentation.

OBJECTIVE
To assess the clinical efficacy of topical TA (10%) with microneedling in melasma.

METHODS
A split face, prospective, randomized, open-label study with a sample size of 40. Left or right side of the face was chosen randomly and microneedling was done on both the sides, followed by 10% TA solution application on one side of the face (test side) and distilled water on the other side of face (control). The procedure was done at 2 weekly intervals (0, 2, 4, and 6 weeks). Clinical images were taken at each visit including modified Melasma Area and Severity Index (mMASI) scoring of each half of the face to assess the clinical response along with patient satisfaction scores and side effects.

RESULTS
On the test side, there was 65.92% improvement in the mean mMASI score compared with 20.75% on the control side of the face at the end of 8 weeks.

CONCLUSION
Tranexamic acid may be a promising therapeutic agent in melasma and the topical solution along with microneedling seems to be efficacious.
A Novel Compound Sclerosant: Polidocanol–Bleomycin Foam
Authors: Hanshu Zhang , Shaohua Liu , Anwei Chen 
Published: August 2020

BACKGROUND
Foam sclerotherapy is an effective treatment strategy for venous malformations. Both polidocanol (POL) and bleomycin are effective sclerosants; however, no studies have reported POL–bleomycin foam.

OBJECTIVE
To introduce a method for producing POL–bleomycin foam and evaluate the stability of POL–bleomycin foam with bleomycin concentrations.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
Group A: 2 mL of 1% POL + 8 mL of air; Group B: 2 mL of 1% POL + 3 U bleomycin + 8 mL of air; Group C: 2 mL of 1% POL + 6 U bleomycin + 8 mL of air; Group D: 2 mL of 1% POL + 12 U bleomycin + 8 mL of air. Tessari method was used for foam generation. The foam half-life time (FHT) was used to evaluate foam stability. Five recordings were made for each group.

RESULTS
The FHT was 148.6 ± 2.9 seconds in Group A, 148.8 ± 4.0 seconds in Group B, 148.4 ± 2.6 seconds in Group C, and 148.8 ± 1.6 seconds in Group D. The FHT in different groups showed no significant differences.

CONCLUSION
The POL–bleomycin foam was prepared successfully and its FHT was as long as the POL foam.