bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Der Telenotarzt als Innovation des Rettungsdienstes im ländlichen Raum – Kosten der Implementierung
Authors: Prasser Clara , Süss Rebekka , Hahnenkamp Klaus , Hasebrook Joachim , Brinkrolf Peter , Fleßa Steffen 
Published: January 2020

Zusammenfassung
Zielsetzung In der Notfallversorgung besteht insbesondere in ländlich geprägten Regionen ein Zielkonflikt zwischen hoher Versorgungsqualität und effizientem Mitteleinsatz. Eine mögliche Lösung könnte der Telenotarzt darstellen, der mittels Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien noch vor Eintreffen des Notarztes oder diesen ersetzend mit der ärztlichen Behandlung beginnen kann.Folgend werden die Kosten eines Telenotarzt-System dargestellt. Die Analyse basiert auf der Einführung eines Telenotarzt-Systems im Landkreis Vorpommern-Greifswald.
Methodik Als Datengrundlage dienten die im Rahmen der Einführung des Telenotarzt-Systems im Landkreis Vorpommern-Greifswald angefallenen Kosten. Sämtliche Kosten wurden zu den Positionen Sach- und immaterielle Investitionen sowie jährliche Betriebs- und Personalkosten zusammengefasst. Weiterhin wurden die Investitionskosten anteilig berücksichtigt, so dass eine Jahresbetrachtung möglich war. Abschließend wurden die Kosten zu einer Kostenfunktion summiert.
Ergebnisse Bei Zusammenführung aller angefallenen Kosten im Rahmen des Projektes Land|Rettung entstehen jährlich für jeden telenotarztfähigen Rettungswagen Kosten in Höhe von 20 842 €. Unter der Annahme eines betriebenen Telenotarzt-Arbeitsplatzes, belaufen sich die jährlichen Sach-, Personal- und Betriebskosten in dem Kreis insgesamt auf 1 049 466 €. Hierin enthalten sind die Investitions- und Betriebskosten des Telenotarzt-Arbeitsplatzes sowie allgemeine Komponenten des Telenotarzt-Systems (beispielsweise Netzwerk und Personalschulungen).
Schlussfolgerung Das Telenotarzt-System, so wie es im Kreis Vorpommern-Greifswald entwickelt wurde, ist grundsätzlich auch für andere ländliche Regionen eine sinnvolle Maßnahme zur Verbesserung der Notfallversorgung. Wie das Beispiel aus Nordostdeutschland zeigt, sind die Kosten jedoch nicht vernachlässigbar. Bei der Übertragung auf andere Regionen können die Kosten abweichen, denn die Größe, der Urbanisierungsgrad sowie die geographische Lage einer Region beeinflussen die Kostenfunktion. Die hier vorgelegte Analyse gibt jedoch einen ersten Ansatz, um diese Kosten abschätzen zu können und damit eine evidenzbasierte Entscheidung über den Einsatz eines Telenotarztes treffen zu können.
Multiple Knoten am Handrücken infolge einer kosmetischen Behandlung mit Hyaluronsäure
Authors: Elsner P. , Peckruhn M. 
Published: January 2020

ZusammenfassungBei einer 47-jährigen Frau erfolgte eine kosmetische Behandlung zur Faltenreduktion beider Handrücken in Form einer Unterspritzung der Falten mit Hyaluronsäure. Wenige Tage später trat eine Schwellung beider Handrücken mit Hitze- und Spannungsgefühl auf. Unter Kühlung und topischer Pharmakotherapie war die Schwellung rückläufig, jedoch traten deutliche Knötchen im Bereich beider Handrücken an den vorher injizierten Arealen auf, die trotz regelmäßiger Unterspritzungen über mehr als 2 Jahre nicht abheilten. In einer dermatologischen Begutachtung wurden Fremdkörpergranulome diagnostiziert, deren Auftreten nach Fillerinjektionen mit Hyaluronsäure in die Handrücken, wenn auch selten, beschrieben wurde. Ein Behandlungsfehler konnte daher nicht bejaht werden, da es sich bei den Granulomen um die Verwirklichung eines seltenen, aber typischen Risikos des Eingriffs handelte. Jedoch blieb offen, ob eine rechtswirksame Einwilligung auf der Basis einer Aufklärung über sämtliche für die Einwilligung wesentlichen Umstände vorlag. Im Falle kosmetischer Eingriffe stellt die Rechtsprechung an die Aufklärung besonders hohe Anforderungen; sie sollte „schonungslos“ sein, damit der Patient entscheiden kann, ob er ggf. bleibende Entstellungen oder gesundheitliche Beeinträchtigungen in Kauf nehmen will, selbst wenn diese auch nur entfernt als eine Folge des Eingriffs in Betracht kommen. Die Beweispflicht für die Aufklärung trägt der Arzt; kann er dieser Pflicht nicht genügen, tritt für die Folgen der Behandlung eine Beweislastumkehr ein, d. h. dem Arzt werden eventuelle Schäden zugerechnet, auch wenn der Eingriff lege artis erfolgte.
Die Effekte von Geschlecht, Bildung und Einkommen auf antizipierte Scham bei psychischen Erkrankungen – Ergebnisse einer deutschen Bevölkerungsstudie
Authors: Hahm Stefanie , Speerforck Sven , Fleischer Toni , Grabe Hans Jörgen , Beutel Manfred , Schomerus Georg 
Published: January 2020

Zusammenfassung
Ziel Scham kann eine Barriere für die Hilfesuche bei psychischen Erkrankungen darstellen. Ziel der Studie war es, den Einfluss von Geschlecht, Bildung und Einkommen auf antizipierte Scham zu untersuchen.
Methode In einer Stichprobe einer regional-repräsentativen Bevölkerungsstudie (N = 1647) wurden ordinale Regressionen mit den Prädiktoren Geschlecht, Bildung, Einkommen und deren Interaktion (Kontrollvariablen: Alter, Depressivität) durchgeführt.
Ergebnisse Männer und Personen mit hohem Einkommen äußerten insgesamt stärkere Scham. Geschlechterunterschiede bezüglich Scham nahmen mit höherer Bildung zu: Während höher gebildete Männer mehr Scham äußerten, zeigte sich bei Frauen ein gegenläufiger Trend.
Schlussfolgerung Scham muss im Kontext von Geschlechterrollen, Status sowie deren Interaktion betrachtet werden. Zukünftige Studien sollten auch den Effekt von Mental Health Literacy berücksichtigen.
Effectiveness of High Tibial Osteotomy with or without Other Procedures for Medial Compartment Osteoarthritis of Knee: An Update Meta-Analysis
Authors: Yao Ru-Zhan , Liu Wei-Qiang , Sun Liang-Zhi , Yu Ming-Dong , Wang Guang-Lin 
Published: January 2020

AbstractTo improve the long-term outcomes of high tibial osteotomy (HTO) for gonarthritis, many cartilage repair procedures appeared, but their effects were controversial. To evaluate the efficacy of cartilage repair procedures during HTO for gonarthritis, we performed this update meta-analysis. We performed the system retrieval for clinical trials using various databases and then pooled the outcomes of the included studies. Fifteen studies were involved. The pooled results indicated that there were no significant differences in Kellgren and Lawrence (KL) scale (mean difference [MD] = 0.02, 95% confidence interval [CI] = −0.01 to 0.06, p = 0.24), the femorotibial angle (MD = 0.06, 95% CI = −0.04 to 0.16, p = 0.22), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) outcomes (MD = 12.53, 95% CI = −2.26 to 27.32, p = 0.10) of patients in experimental group than control. The subgroup analysis showed that the clinical outcomes of abrasion arthroplasty (AA) were worse than control group (standardized mean difference [SMD] −2.65, 95% CI = −3.67 to −1.63, p < 0.001), while mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) injection improved the clinical outcomes (SMD = 2.37, 95% CI = 1.25–3.50, p < 0.001). There were significant differences between the two groups in arthroscopic (SMD = 1.38, 95% CI = 0.82–1.94, p < 0.001) and histologic results (relative risk [RR] = 1.77, 95% CI = 1.36–2.29, p < 0.001). The pain relief (MD = 0.17, 95% CI = −3.26 to 3.61, p = 0.92) and operative complications (RR = 1.42, 95% CI = 0.83–2.42; p = 0.19) of the two groups had no significant differences. Our analysis supports that concurrent cartilage repair procedures might improve arthroscopic and histologic outcomes, but they have no beneficial effect on clinical outcomes, radiograph, MRI, and pain relief. The concurrent procedures do not increase the risk of operative complication. Furthermore, MSC has some beneficial effects on clinical outcomes, while AA might play an opposite role.
The convergence of dark tourism and pilgrimage tourism: the case of Phnom Sampeau, Cambodia.
Authors: Tan G. A. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

The purpose of this chapter is to examine the relationship between dark tourism and pilgrimage tourism and determine whether both are the same. After discussing the convergence of dark tourism and pilgrimage tourism, the chapter focuses on how these phenomena are manifested in a south-east Asian context. Through research using visitor comments on TripAdvisor, the author examines the motivations and experiences of visitors at the 'Killing Caves' at Phnom Sampeau in Battambang, Cambodia, to determine if there were shared dark tourism and pilgrimage tourism motivations.
The sublime darker heritage tourism aspects at St John's Co-Cathedral in Valletta, Malta.
Authors: Munro D. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

This chapter examines the history and death-/memoria-related architecture and design of St John's Co-Cathedral in Malta. Its death-related art and architecture in the form of human bones and skulls, sepulchral monuments and burial slabs are examined, before discussing the relationship St John's has with dark tourism and pilgrimage.
Lost in the sea of trees: Japan's Aokigahara, suicide and dark tourism.
Authors: Burger A. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

This chapter discusses the motivations and impulses that draw tourists to Aokigahara or the Suicide Forest in Japan and looks at issues related to individual intents to visit and cultural responses to this dark pilgrimage. Three specific examples of pilgrimage and dark tourism engagement with Aokigahara are considered, including YouTube personality Logan Paul's controversial and now infamous video from within Aokigahara; photographer Tomasz Lazar's photoessay of images of the forest; and Margee Kerr's self-reflective trip into Aokigahara, as chronicled in her 2015 book Scream: Chilling Adventures in the Science of Fear.
Recreating the dead: darkest tourism and pilgrimage in Mormon Handcart pioneer trek re-enactments.
Authors: Hartley-Moore J. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

This chapter examines how leaders of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints utilize pioneer re-enactment and their dark history to develop collective and individual religious identities among adherents in different parts of the world. The chapter explores a model of how individuals within a global organization use darkest tourism to create identity through recreation and the re-creation of its foundational mythology.
The ten-year anniversary of the civil rights pilgrimage: an experiential exploration into history, diversity, equality and equity.
Authors: Thesing-Ritter J. M. , Caspersen J. R. , Walkowiak N. J. , Jones J. L. , Lewis C. R. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

This chapter shares a decade of experience and research on the Civil Rights Pilgrimage (CRP) developed at the University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire (UW-EC) as an alternative spring break trip. It begins with an overview of relevant literature regarding experiential learning and critical race theory and then discusses the findings of research regarding the lasting impacts of the CRP on past participants. The study illustrates the long-term outcomes of political engagement, perceived level of individual racism, the development of multicultural competence and self-reported lasting impacts of the experience.
'Though I walk through the valley': teaching Richard Wright through experiential learning.
Authors: Hayes J. L. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

This chapter proposes a potential itinerary to teach the selected works of African-American writer Richard Wright by incorporating the theme of literary pilgrimage to emphasize the connection between travel and liberation. This approach to Wright's work will take students through Paris, Chicago and the South (Natchez and Jackson, Mississippi, as well as Memphis, Tennessee). Selected texts will be paired with locations that are connected to his literary development. The goal is to incorporate co-curricular activities to encourage understanding of the cultural and historical context within which the texts were written. The pilgrimage aspect of the proposed lessons will emphasize the significance of his journey instead of the marginalization Wright experienced in death. This approach seeks to elevate Wright's works and travel by exposing the revolutionary impulse within his literature.
A mass grave and a massacre: encounters with remembrances of death at wounded knee, South Dakota.
Authors: Johannesen D. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

This chapter compares and contrasts Oglala Lakota perceptions of the Wounded Knee Massacre site and mass grave with tourist experiences to illustrate the challenges that come in trying to resolve how a massacre 'ought' to be remembered. Further, the chapter shows how Wounded Knee emerges as an arguably incomparable example of a dark tourist site in that the experiences tourists have at the sites defy what most tourists expect from a historically significant site. Specifically, tourists making the pilgrimage to Wounded Knee encounter multiple, unstable remembrances of death that challenge temporality, complicate the divisions between local space and tourist space, and spur significant moments of intercultural exchange. In doing so, approximately 200 ratings and reviews submitted by visitors to Wounded Knee on the TripAdvisor website are examined.
Regional and Temporal Effects of Naloxone Access Laws on Opioid Overdose Mortality
Authors: Cataife Guido , Dong Jing , Davis Corey S. 
Published: January 2020

Background Naloxone is a drug that reverses opioid overdose. Naloxone Access Laws (NALs) increase public access to naloxone and have been considered as one promising solution to reducing opioid-related harm. However, previous studies on whether NALs are effective in reducing opioid overdose mortality found somewhat contradictory results. Our study attempts to provide a more definitive answer to this question by utilizing an approach that matches NAL vs non-NAL states and stratifies by US region and years of implementation. Methods We assess the causal impact of NALs on state-level opioid-related mortality rate by constructing a comparison group using matching to produce a valid counterfactual scenario, and estimating the effects of NAL using a semi-dynamic staggered difference in differences (DID) model that allows heterogeneous effects across regions and years of implementation. State-level opioid-related mortality data from CDC's WONDER database and NALs effective from 1999 to 2014 were utilized. Results We find that NAL effects have reduced fatal opioid-related overdose in western states and have produced minimal or no effects for other regions. Conclusions The effects of NALs vary across regions and years of implementation. It is important to study the successful experience of the western states.
Considerations on Underground Laboratories
Authors: Ianni Aldo 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Deep Underground Laboratories are multidisciplinary infrastructures to carry out research on rare events, such as neutrino interactions, proton decay, and dark matter, on geophysics, general relativity, and biology. There are 12 such infrastructures deployed in the north hemisphere. Three new Laboratories are underway, two in the south hemisphere. In the paper some characteristics of the Underground Laboratories are discussed. Synergy between Laboratories is reviewed.
New Dark Matter Search Strategies at DUNE
Authors: Rott Carsten , In Seongjin , Kumar Jason , Yaylali David 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
If dark matter annihilates to light quarks in the core of the Sun, then a flux of 236 MeV neutrinos will be produced from the decay of stopped kaons. We consider strategies for DUNE to not only observe such a signal, but to determine the direction of the neutrino from the hadronic recoil. We show that this novel strategy can provide a better handle on systematic uncertainties associated with dark matter searches.
PeVatron Search Using Radio Measurements of Extensive Air Showers at the South Pole
Authors: Aswathi Balagopal V , Haungs Andreas , Huege Tim , Schröder Frank G 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The Galactic Center is visible from the South Pole throughout the year, at an inclination of 61°. High energy gamma-rays arriving at the South Pole from this direction, will produce inclined air showers in the atmosphere. Since radio emission of inclined showers leaves a large footprint on the ground, a measurement of the electromagnetic shower component using the radio technique is possible. It is already known that radio detection of air showers helps in the reconstruction of the shower maximum and the energy of the air shower with a very good accuracy. Using radio detectors along with particle detectors enhances the detection accuracy of the air shower events and helps in separating the gamma-ray induced events. IceCube-Gen2, the proposed extension of the IceCube Neutrino Observatory, will enhance both the surface and in-ice capabilities of the facility. Ideas for adding surface radio antennas are under discussion in addition to the upgrade and extension of the IceTop surface array using scintillator detectors. While the scintillators will primarily be used for improving the calibration and lowering the veto energy threshold for distinguishing cosmic ray from astrophysical neutrino events, they can also be used with radio antennas to search for photons of PeV energies from the Galactic Center. Using such a setup at the South Pole can help in the identification of the Galactic Center as a PeVatron. In particular, the key for such a search is to use frequencies higher than the standard frequencies used by air-shower radio experiments, which thereby lowers the energy threshold.
Recent results from the ANTARES deep sea neutrino telescope
Authors: Bertin V 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The ANTARES deep sea neutrino telescope has been continuously taking data for more than ten years. Thanks to its excellent angular resolution in both the muon channel and the cascade channel, ANTARES offers unprecedented sensitivity for neutrino source searches in the Southern sky in the TeV-PeV energy range, so that already valuable constraints have been set on the origin of the cosmic neutrino flux discovered by the IceCube detector. This document highlights recent results obtained by ANTARES in the search for high energy cosmic neutrinos coming from point or extended sources, from multi-messenger analyses of transient sources, and from indirect searches for Dark Matter.
The neutrino mass experiment KATRIN
Authors: Fraenkle F.M. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The KArlsruhe TRItium Neutrino (KATRIN) experiment is a large-scale experiment with the objective to determine the effective electron anti-neutrino mass with an unprecedented sensitivity of 0.2 eV/c2 at 90% C.L. in a model-independent way. The measurement method is based on precision β-decay spectroscopy of molecular tritium. The experimental setup consists of a high luminosity windowless gaseous tritium source, a magnetic electron transport system with differential and cryogenic pumping for tritium retention, and an electro-static spectrometer section for energy analysis, followed by a segmented detector system for counting transmitted β-electrons. The experiment was constructed at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology in Germany and is currently in the final commissioning phase before the commencement of tritium operation.
This proceedings will give an overview of the KATRIN experiment and its current status. Furthermore, initial results of recent commissioning measurements of the completed KATRIN beamline will be presented.
Measuring the neutrino mass hierarchy with KM3NeT/ORCA
Authors: Hofestädt Jannik 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
ORCA is the low-energy branch of KM3NeT, the next-generation research infrastructure hosting underwater Cherenkov detectors in the Mediterranean Sea. ORCA’s primary goal is the determination of the neutrino mass hierarchy by measuring the matter- induced modifications on the oscillation probabilities of few-GeV atmospheric neutrinos. The technical design of the ORCA detector foresees a dense configuration of optical modules, optimised for the study of interactions of neutrinos in the energy range of 3–30 GeV. The first ORCA detection string was successfully deployed on 22nd September 2017 and is providing high-quality data since then.
With an instrumented mass of 8 Mton for the full-size ORCA detector, it will be possible to probe with a high-statistics neutrino sample a wide range of energies and baselines through the Earth. This allows to detmerine the neutrino mass hierarchy with 3 σ after 3–4 years of operation, to probe the unitarity assumption of 3-neutrino mixing with a high-statistics measurement of tau-neutrino appearance in the atmospheric neutrino flux, and to improve the measurement precision on other oscillation parameters.
Reactor monitoring with direction-sensitive detectors
Authors: Leyton Michael 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Nuclear power reactors account for a small fraction of the Earth’s total antineutrino

(

ν
¯

)

luminosity. Past experiments, with baselines between ~10 m and ~1000 km, have successfully measured the rate and spectrum of reactor-born

v
¯

e

S

. Additionally detecting the incident direction of reactor

(

ν
¯

)

luminosity. Past experiments, with baselines between ~10 m and ^1000 km, have successfully measured the rate and spectrum of reactor-born

v
¯

e

S

would constitute an important milestone in the development of reactor monitoring for nuclear non-proliferation since this information could aid in identifying undeclared nuclear reactors. Here we examine the prospects of using low-background, direction-sensitive tracking detectors to remotely monitor nuclear reactors. For an experiment sited at SNOLab, we calculate that an exposure of 56-78 (31-46) tonne-months is needed to detect the flux of

v
¯

e

S

produced by a 3758-MW reactor at a distance of 13 km at 95% (90%) confidence level.
Status of the SoLid experiment: Search for sterile neutrinos at the SCK CEN BR2 reactor
Authors: Manzanillas Luis 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The reactor antineutrino energy spectra and flux were reevaluated during the preparation of the recent experiments devoted to the measurement of θ13. Consequently some discrepancies between data and the theoretical predictions in reactor antineutrino experiments at short distances were observed when using the new predicted flux and spectra. This problem has been called the Reactor Antineutrino Anomaly (RAA), which together with the gallium anomaly, both show discrepancies with respect to the expectations at the ∼ 3 σ level. Oscillations into a light sterile neutrino state (Δm
2 ~ 1eV2) could account for such deficits. The SoLid experiment has been conceived to give an unambiguous response to the hypothesis of a light sterile neutrino as the origin of the RAA. To this end, SoLid is searching for an oscillation pattern at short baselines (6-9 m) in the energy spectrum of the (math)’s emitted by the SCK • CEN BR2 reactor in Belgium. The detector uses a novel technology, combining PVT (cubes of 5×5×5 cm3) and 6LiF:ZnS (sheets ∼ 250 μm thickness) scintillators. It is highly segmented (modules of 10 planes of 16×16 cubes), and it’s read out by a network of wavelength shifting fibers and SiPMs. The fine segmentation and the hybrid technology of the detector allows the clear identification of the neutrino signals, reducing significantly backgrounds. Thus, a high experimental sensitivity can be achieved. A 288 kg prototype was deployed in 2015, showing the feasibility of the detection principle. A full scale detector (1.6 tons) is currently under construction, the data taking with the first detector modules is expected by the end of 2017. In this proceeding, the status of the construction and the first results of the calibration of the first SoLid planes are presented.