bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Family Management Practices and Positive Youth Development in Stepfamilies and Single‐Mother Families
Authors: Beckmeyer Jonathon J. , Su‐Russell Chang , Russell Luke T. 
Published: November 2019

ObjectiveTo determine how engagement in family management practices (i.e., parent–youth closeness, knowledge of youth's friends, shared family meals, and media monitoring) is associated with positive developmental outcomes for youth living in diverse family structures.BackgroundAs patterns of unmarried childbearing, cohabitation, divorce, and remarriage have changed in the United States, youth increasingly live in diverse family structures. Limited research, however, addresses positive youth development in these families. Specific family tasks and caregiver constellations in the home may mean that youth in different family structures benefit differently from family management practices.MethodUsing data from 9,131 households with a 12‐ to 17‐year‐old child in the 2011–2012 National Survey of Children's Health, structural equation modeling was used to test whether four family management practices were associated with two positive youth developmental outcomes (flourishing and extracurricular activity participation). Multigroup analyses tested for differences in the associations across family structures.ResultsFamily management practices were generally positively associated with positive youth development. The strength of associations between specific family management practices and positive youth developmental outcomes, however, varied across family structures, suggesting that practices may have differing effectiveness depending on family context.ConclusionUnderstanding mechanisms that promote positive youth developmental outcomes in diverse family structures and how mechanisms may function differently across family contexts can broaden the sophistication of family theories and interventions.
The effects of intravitreal H2S application on apoptosis in the retina and cornea in experimental glaucoma model
Authors: Erisgin Zuleyha , Ozer Murat Atabey , Tosun Murat , Ozen Serkan , Takir Selcuk 
Published: November 2019

SummaryOne of the most important causes of visual loss (blindness) is glaucoma, which occurs due to the degeneration of the ganglion cells in retina. It has been shown that hydrogen sulphide (H2S) acts an antioxidant, neuroprotective and neuromodulator and provides protection against oxidative stress and apoptosis. This study aims to examine through which apoptotic pathway H2S acts in experimental glaucoma model. Twenty‐two male wistar albino rats were used in this study. Group 1 (n = 6, control group): Intravitreal saline was given in the third week without inducing ocular hypertension (OHT) with laser photocoagulation. Group 2 (n = 8): After the induction of OHT with laser photocoagulation, intravitreal saline was given in the third week. Group 3 (n = 8): After the induction of OHT with laser photocoagulation, intravitreal H2S’s donor sodium hydrosulphide (NaSH) 100 nmol/L was given in the third week. At the end of the 6th week, the eyes of the rats were sacrified under anaesthesia and extracted and then routine tissue follow‐up was undertaken. Besides haematoxylin & eosin (H&E) staining, Bax, Bcl‐2, p53 and caspase‐3 activation were examined immunohistochemically in the retina and the cornea. This showed that ocular hypertension caused apoptosis through the intrinsic pathway, due to Bax and caspase‐3 activation, in both retina and cornea, and that this led to DNA damage due to p53 activation. Also, we found that H2S exposure in glaucoma distinctly suppressed Bax, caspase‐3 and p53 activations in retina but that it has a limited effect on the cornea. According to these results, glaucoma caused apoptosis in the retina through intrinsic pathway, and the damage to the retina could be compensated partially by H2S but would have limited on the cornea.
Preservation of spinach by isochoric (constant volume) freezing
Authors: Bilbao‐Sainz Cristina , Sinrod Amanda G. J. , Dao Lan , Takeoka Gary , Williams Tina , Wood Delilah , Bridges David F. , Powell‐Palm Matthew J. , Ukpai Gideon , Chiou Bor‐Sen , Wu Vivian C. H. , Rubinsky Boris , McHugh Tara 
Published: November 2019

SummaryEfforts are currently directed towards improving the quality of vegetables after freezing and thawing. One of the methods under investigation is isochoric freezing. In this study, we evaluated isochoric freezing for preserving the quality of baby‐leaf spinach. We compared the properties of thawed spinach frozen to −4°C in an isochoric system with those of fresh spinach, thawed spinach frozen to −4°C in an isobaric system and thawed spinach that were commercially frozen. Spinach leaves frozen under isobaric conditions lost mass and thickness, making them softer and translucent. They also lost much of their nutrient content. In comparison, isochoric freezing maintained cell integrity and turgidity. Thawed leaves remained crunchy with characteristics similar to fresh leaves. Isochoric freezing also preserved nutritional content better than isobaric freezing, although significant nutrient losses still occurred.
Sustaining global partnerships for simulation integration: lessons from the field
Authors: Watts P.I. , White T. , Rae T. , Agu C. , Markaki A. 
Published: November 2019

AimA reciprocal partnership between two World Health Organization Collaborating Centers in the Americas region aimed to strengthen nursing and midwifery education through innovative integration of high‐fidelity simulation.Methods/ImplementationImmersion of a visiting scholar in six‐week training within a North American nursing school (host) solidified simulation champion designation, upon return at the home institution. Next, two expert nursing faculty implemented a train‐the‐trainer simulation course on‐site. Following evaluation and virtual debriefing, a midwifery faculty visited the host institution for second‐round training.ConclusionThis ongoing program targets faculty development needs through a strong academic partnership, built upon global awareness and sustainable engagement.
Early response of barley embryos to low‐ and high‐dose gamma irradiation of seeds triggers changes in the transcriptional profile and an increase in hydrogen peroxide content in seedlings
Authors: Volkova Polina Yu , Duarte Gustavo T. , Soubigou‐Taconnat Ludivine , Kazakova Elizaveta A. , Pateyron Stéphanie , Bondarenko Vladimir S. , Bitarishvili Sofia V. , Makarenko Ekaterina S. , Churyukin Roman S. , Lychenkova Maria A. , Gorbatova Irina V. , Meyer Christian , Geras’kin Stanislav A. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAt low intensity, certain stress conditions may have a positive effect on growth and development of plants (eustress). Growth stimulation of barley plants after gamma irradiation of seeds in low doses was observed as an increase in root and shoot lengths. Hydrogen peroxide concentrations in shoots of irradiated plants were significantly higher than in control, while the opposite effect was observed in the roots. To elucidate the molecular basis of growth stimulation after gamma irradiation of barley seeds, we performed the transcriptomic analysis of barley embryos at different stages of seed germination. The transcriptomic data were correlated with morphological parameters and the hydrogen peroxide levels in irradiated and control plants. These data indicate that the growth stimulation by low‐dose irradiation involves the transcriptional control of genes related to phytohormones, antioxidant system, late embryogenesis abundant proteins and cell wall components, with possible involvement of jasmonate and ABA signalling. Gamma irradiation of seeds at dose 100 Gy caused significant growth inhibition and promoted expression changes in transcripts related to cell cycle arrest, DNA damage repair and antioxidant system.
Tag‐SNP selection using Bayesian genomewide association study for growth traits in Hereford and Braford cattle
Authors: Campos Gabriel Soares , Sollero Bruna Pena , Reimann Fernando Antonio , Junqueira Vinicius Silva , Cardoso Leandro Lunardini , Yokoo Marcos Jun Iti , Boligon Arione Augusti , Braccini José , Cardoso Fernando Flores 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe aim of this study was to perform a Bayesian genomewide association study (GWAS) to identify genomic regions associated with growth traits in Hereford and Braford cattle, and to select Tag‐SNPs to represent these regions in low‐density panels useful for genomic predictions. In addition, we propose candidate genes through functional enrichment analysis associated with growth traits using Medical Subject Headings (MeSH). Phenotypic data from 126,290 animals and genotypes for 131 sires and 3,545 animals were used. The Tag‐SNPs were selected with BayesB (π = 0.995) method to compose low‐density panels. The number of Tag‐single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) ranged between 79 and 103 SNP for the growth traits at weaning and between 78 and 100 SNP for the yearling growth traits. The average proportion of variance explained by Tag‐SNP with BayesA was 0.29, 0.23, 0.32 and 0.19 for birthweight (BW), weaning weight (WW205), yearling weight (YW550) and postweaning gain (PWG345), respectively. For Tag‐SNP with BayesA method accuracy values ranged from 0.13 to 0.30 fork‐means and from 0.30 to 0.65 for random clustering of animals to compose reference and validation groups. Although genomic prediction accuracies were higher with the full marker panel, predictions with low‐density panels retained on average 76% of the accuracy obtained with BayesB with full markers for growth traits. The MeSH analysis was able to translate genomic information providing biological meanings of more specific gene products related to the growth traits. The proposed Tag‐SNP panels may be useful for future fine mapping studies and for lower‐cost commercial genomic prediction applications.
Success of fishmeal replacement through poultry by‐product meal in aquaculture feed formulations: a meta‐analysis
Authors: Galkanda‐Arachchige Harsha S.C. , Wilson Alan E. , Davis Donald A. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPoultry by‐product meal (PBM) is a popular animal‐based protein source tested in aquaculture feed formulations for replacing fishmeal (FM), mainly due to its high protein content, relatively cheap price and broad availability. However, due to the well‐documented variability in success of PBM inclusions, a meta‐analysis approach was utilized to summarize the efficacy and success of PBM inclusion in aquaculture diet formulations substituting FM. Hedges’g effect sizes were calculated by quantitatively comparing final weight and feed conversion ratio (FCR) between animals fed control (100% FM) and PBM‐supplemented FM diets using data from 47 published articles targeting 33 different species (141 and 96 effect size calculations for final weight and FCR, respectively). In addition, several analyses were performed to determine the effect of different moderators as well as variation across species. Meta‐regression was conducted to evaluate the effect of varying PBM proportions of the diet on the response variables. Overall, a non‐significant final weight but a significant higher FCR was detected with aquaculture species fed PBM diets. Similar trends in final weight were observed for subgroups. However, FCR for crustaceans and marine fish fed PBM diets was not significantly different than those fed control diets. In both freshwater and marine fish, ‘species’ was a significant moderator effect on responses, while the ‘level of FM replacement’ was significant only in marine fish. Higher between‐study heterogeneity was detected for fish, which may be due to the influence of certain factors, such as variability in nutritional quality and palatability and digestibility of PBM or due to variability on the fish meal used. In contrast, low between‐study variation was observed in crustaceans indicating consistent success in PBM‐supplemented diets for shrimp compared with fish.
An organ for the seraglio: Thomas Dallam's artificial life
Authors: Trudell Scott A. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn the late 1590s, Elizabeth I and the Levant Company hoped to advance their diplomatic and mercantile agendas in the Mediterranean with the gift of a splendid mechanical organ to the Ottoman Sultan Mehmed III. Thomas Dallam, who was charged with installing this fully automated instrument in the Ottoman court, wrote a lively narrative of his journey, including his personal encounter with the Sultan. This essay argues that Dallam is more complex and suggestive writer than scholars have acknowledged, producing not a plainspoken account of his journey but a suggestive sense of belonging among the humans and machines in the Ottoman seraglio. Fueled by a combination of artisan class identity, technological wonder, anxieties about cultural difference, and an expanding sense of personal vulnerability, Dallam imagines a new life at the Topkapı Palace, integrated within an exquisite system of mechanical artifice.
Babo1, formerly Vop1 and Cop1/2, is no eyespot photoreceptor but a basal body protein illuminating cell division in Volvox carteri
Authors: von der Heyde Eva L. , Hallmann Armin 
Published: November 2019

SummaryIn photosynthetic organisms many processes are light dependent and sensing of light requires light‐sensitive proteins. The supposed eyespot photoreceptor protein Babo1 (formerly Vop1) has previously been classified as an opsin due to the capacity for binding retinal. Here, we analyze Babo1 and provide evidence that it is no opsin. Due to the localization at the basal bodies, the former Vop1 and Cop1/2 proteins were renamed V.c. Babo1 and C.r. Babo1. We reveal a large family of more than 60 Babo1‐related proteins from a wide range of species. The detailed subcellular localization of fluorescence‐tagged Babo1 shows that it accumulates at the basal apparatus. More precisely, it is located predominantly at the basal bodies and to a lesser extent at the four strands of rootlet microtubules. We trace Babo1 during basal body separation and cell division. Dynamic structural rearrangements of Babo1 particularly occur right before the first cell division. In four‐celled embryos Babo1 was exclusively found at the oldest basal bodies of the embryo and on the corresponding d‐roots. The unequal distribution of Babo1 in four‐celled embryos could be an integral part of a geometrical system in early embryogenesis, which establishes the anterior–posterior polarity and influences the spatial arrangement of all embryonic structures and characteristics. Due to its retinal‐binding capacity, Babo1 could also be responsible for the unequal distribution of retinoids, knowing that such concentration gradients of retinoids can be essential for the correct patterning during embryogenesis of more complex organisms. Thus, our findings push the Babo1 research in another direction.
High rate of hepatitis C virus and human immunodeficiency virus false‐positive results in serologic screening in sub‐Saharan Africa: adverse impact on the blood supply
Authors: Candotti Daniel , Sauvage Virginie , Cappy Pierre , Boullahi Mohamed Abdallahi , Bizimana Pascal , Mbensa Guy Olivier , Oumar Coulibaly Sekou , Rakoto Alson Aimée Olivat , Soumana Hadiza , Tagny‐Tayou Claude , Murphy Edward L. , Laperche Syria ,   for The Francophone Africa Transfusion Research Network
Published: November 2019

BACKGROUNDFalse positivity in blood screening may cause unnecessary deferral of healthy donors and exacerbate blood shortages. An international multicenter study was conducted to estimate the frequency of HCV and HIV false seropositivity in seven African countries (Burundi, Cameroon, Democratic Republic of Congo, Madagascar, Mali, Mauritania, and Niger).STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSBlood donations were tested for hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) with rapid detection tests (RDTs), third‐generation enzyme immunoassays (EIAs), or fourth‐generation EIAs. HCV (456/16,613 [2.74%]) and HIV (249/16,675 [1.49%]) reactive samples were then confirmed with antigen/antibody assays, immunoblots, and nucleic acid testing. Partial viral sequences were analyzed when possible.RESULTSThe HCV reactivity rate with RDTs was significantly lower than with EIAs (0.55% vs. 3.52%; p < 0.0001). The HIV reactivity rate with RDTs was lower than with third‐generation EIAs (1.02% vs. 2.38%; p < 0.0001) but similar to a fourth‐generation assay (1.09%). Only 16.0% (57/357) and 21.5% (38/177) of HCV and HIV initial reactive samples, respectively, were repeatedly reactive. HCV and HIV infections were confirmed in 13.2% and 13.7%, respectively, of repeated reactive donations. The predominant HCV genotype 2 and 4 strains in West and Central Africa showed high genetic variability. HIV‐1 subtype CRF02_AG was most prevalent.CONCLUSIONHigh rates (>80%) of unconfirmed anti‐HCV and anti‐HIV reactivity observed in several sub‐Saharan countries highlights the need for better testing and confirmatory strategies for donors screening in Africa. Without confirmatory testing, HCV and HIV prevalence in African blood donors has probably been overestimated.
A novel simple assay system for the detection of human platelet antigen 15 (HPA‐15) alloantibodies based on three techniques: an HPA‐15 expressing cell line, a monoclonal antibody‐specific antigen‐capture method and mixed‐passive haemagglutination
Authors: Koh Yangsook , Nishimiya Hiroko , Inoue Hiroko , Kishigami Ayaka , Tsuji Yukari , Sakamoto Rumi , Hirayama Fumiya , Kuroishi Ayumu 
Published: November 2019

Background and objectivesTo detect HPA‐15 alloantibodies, we previously developed a human platelet antigen 15 (HPA‐15)‐expressing cell line‐based modified rapid monoclonal antibody immobilization of platelet antigen (CL‐MR‐MAIPA) assay. In this study, the protocol was modified for easier performance by introducing the mixed‐passive haemagglutination (MPHA) principle.Material and methodsIn total, 20 samples that tested negative for HPA alloantibodies and eight that tested positive for HPA‐15 alloantibodies (two and six positive for HPA‐15a and HPA‐15b antibodies, respectively) by CL‐MR‐MAIPA assay were used in this study. HPA‐15 cell lines were incubated with serum/plasma and then solubilized. The lysate was transferred to a round‐bottom well, which was coated with anti‐human CD109 monoclonal antibodies. After incubation and repeated washings, sheep red blood cells, coated with anti‐human IgG, were added to the wells. Haemagglutination was assessed the next day.ResultsThe proposed cell line‐based immune complex capture‐dependent mixed‐passive haemagglutination (CL‐IC‐MPHA) assay consisted of four steps, but required only 2 h to perform, except for overnight incubation for haemagglutination. Two HPA‐15a alloantibody samples were reactive only for HPA‐15a cells, and six HPA‐15b alloantibody samples were reactive only for HPA‐15b cells with the CL‐IC‐MPHA assay. The 20 samples that tested negative for HPA alloantibodies did not react with HPA‐15a or HPA‐15b cells. These data indicated that the CL‐IC‐MPHA assay was highly specific and sensitive. Unfortunately, the CL‐IC‐MPHA assay's analytic sensitivity was twofold to eightfold lower than that of the CL‐MR‐MAIPA assay.ConclusionA novel, easy‐to‐perform protocol was successfully developed to detect HPA‐15 alloantibodies with high specificity and sensitivity.
Experimental modeling of cornea wound healing in diabetes: clinical applications and beyond
Authors: Bu Yashan , Shih Kendrick Co , Kwok Sum Sum , Chan Yau Kei , Lo Amy Cheuk-Yin , Chan Tommy Chung Yan , Jhanji Vishal , Tong Louis 
Published: November 2019

Diabetes mellitus is the most common cause of blindness in working age populations worldwide. While much of the focus for public health has been on secondary prevention in sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy, the cornea, including its epithelium and nerves, represents a major site of damage by chronic hyperglycemia. On injury, the diabetic cornea exhibits a delayed wound-healing response, as well as an altered ocular surface immune response. This suggests a potential association between the dysfunctional wound healing response and altered inflammation on the ocular surface. However, the presence of potential confounders makes this association difficult to investigate in human epidemiological studies. Thus, we turn to animal diabetic models for a better understanding.In this review, 20 original studies, published between 2008 and 2018, describe in vivo and in vitro models of diabetic cornea disease. We compared different models of diabetic cornea wound healing and discussed the relative strengths and drawbacks of each model. A number of molecular and cellular components involved in the corneal wound healing response that are altered in the presence of diabetes have been identified in the reviewed studies. Particularly, altered corneal epithelial protein concentrations of lumician and occludin were detected in diabetic eyes compared with controls. Additionally, the importance of IL-1β in modulating the inflammatory response after corneal injury in patients with diabetes and controls was further elucidated. Meanwhile, abnormal P2×7 receptor localization and decreased corneal sub-basal nerve density in diabetic eyes were shown to contribute to altered corneal nerve signaling after injury and thus affecting the wound healing response. Finally, the discovery of the therapeutic effects of topically administered aloe vera, Serpine 1, Resolvin D1 (RvD1), pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) and Pro-His-Ser-Arg-Asn in diabetic animal models of cornea epithelial and nerve injury provide encouraging evidence for the future availability of effective treatment for diabetic keratopathy.
Improving the use of intravenous antihypertensive medications in the hospital setting: a quality improvement initiative for patient safety
Authors: Salman Jacob , Salman Alicja , Kumar Sarwan , Gjeka Rudin , Tegeltija Vesna , Peterson Daymon , Chams Nour , Ross Ian 
Published: November 2019

Intravenous (IV) hydralazine, enalapril and labetalol are oftentimes used without indication for the treatment of asymptomatic hypertension in the hospital setting and have been shown to have substantial adverse effects that are associated with increased morbidity and mortality, as well as longer length of stay. Their use is also associated with greater monetary costs. In this project, we studied the frequency of use and consequences of these medications before and after a series of education cycles which clarified when and when not to use intravenous antihypertensives (IVAHs). Our initial aim was to decrease the unindicated use of IVAH by at least 25% in the setting of asymptomatic hypertension in our community hospital within a 1-year period after introducing education on the topic.Multidisciplinary involvement throughout three Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycles yielded favourable results. We focused on education towards a hospital-wide knowledge gap stemming from a lack of guidelines regarding the treatment of asymptomatic hypertension, as well as the guideline indications for IVAH. After three cycles of education targeting different groups, the unindicated use of IVAH fell by a total of 66%, decreasing patient exposure by approximately 248 cases over the total course of the study and ultimately, yielding a 52% increase in patient safety. Secondary outcome included a reduction in cost. It was noted that IV drugs cost more than their oral counterparts. The culture change in switching away from IVAH unless otherwise indicated was driven by repetitive education and group discussion to close the gap created by a lack of guidelines.