bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnosis-to-Ablation Time and Recurrence of Atrial Fibrillation Following Catheter Ablation
Authors: Chew Derek S. , Black-Maier Eric , Loring Zak , Noseworthy Peter A. , Packer Douglas L. , Exner Derek V. , Mark Daniel B. , Piccini Jonathan P. 
Published: March 2020

Background:
The optimal timing of catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF) in reference to the time of diagnosis is unknown. We sought to assess the impact of the duration between first diagnosis of AF and ablation, or diagnosis-to-ablation time (DAT), on AF recurrence following catheter ablation.

Methods:
We conducted a systematic electronic search for observational studies reporting the outcomes associated with catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation stratified by diagnosis-to-ablation time. The primary meta-analysis using a random effects model assessed AF recurrence stratified by DAT ≤1 year versus >1 year. A secondary analysis assessed outcomes stratified by DAT ≤3 years versus >3 years.

Results:

Of the 632 screened studies, 6 studies met inclusion criteria for a total of 4950 participants undergoing AF ablation for symptomatic AF. A shorter DAT ≤1 year was associated with a lower relative risk of AF recurrence compared with DAT >1 year (relative risk, 0.73 [95% CI, 0.65–0.82];
P
<0.001). Heterogeneity was moderate (I
2
=51%). When excluding the one study consisting of only patients with persistent AF, the heterogeneity improved substantially (I
2
=0%, Cochran’s Q
P
=0.55) with a similar estimate of effect (relative risk, 0.78 [95% CI, 0.71–0.85];
P
<0.001).

Conclusions:
Shorter duration between time of first AF diagnosis and AF ablation is associated with an increased likelihood of ablation procedural success. Additional study is required to confirm these results and to explore implementation of earlier catheter AF ablation and patient outcomes within the current AF care pathway.

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Association of Sleep Characteristics With Nocturnal Hypertension and Nondipping Blood Pressure in the CARDIA Study
Authors: Thomas S. Justin , Booth John N. , Jaeger Byron C. , Hubbard Demetria , Sakhuja Swati , Abdalla Marwah , Lloyd‐Jones Donald M. , Buysse Daniel J. , Lewis Core E. , Shikany James M. , Schwartz Joseph E. , Shimbo Daichi , Calhoun David , Muntner Paul , Carnethon Mercedes R. 
Published: March 2020

Background

Sleep characteristics and disorders are associated with higher blood pressure (
BP
) when measured in the clinic setting.

Methods and Results

We tested whether self‐reported sleep characteristics and likelihood of obstructive sleep apnea (
OSA
) were associated with nocturnal hypertension and nondipping systolic
BP
(
SBP
) among participants in the CARDIA (Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults) study who completed 24‐hour ambulatory
BP
monitoring during the year 30 examination. Likelihood of
OSA
was determined using the
STOP
‐Bang questionnaire. Global sleep quality, habitual sleep duration, sleep efficiency, and midsleep time were obtained from the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Nocturnal hypertension was defined as mean asleep
SBP
≥120 mm Hg or diastolic
BP
≥70 mm Hg. Nondipping
SBP
was defined as a decline in awake‐to‐asleep
SBP
<10%. Among 702 participants, the prevalence of nocturnal hypertension and nondipping
SBP
was 41.3% and 32.5%, respectively. After multivariable adjustment including cardiovascular risk factors, the prevalence ratios (PRs) for nocturnal hypertension and nondipping
SBP
associated with high versus low likelihood of
OSA
were 1.32 (95% CI, 1.00–1.75) and 1.31 (95% CI, 1.02–1.68), respectively. The association between likelihood of
OSA
and nocturnal hypertension was stronger for white participants (PR: 2.09; 95%
CI,
1.23–3.48) compared with black participants (PR: 1.11; 95%
CI,
0.79–1.56). The PR for nondipping
SBP
associated with a 1‐hour later midsleep time was 0.92 (95% CI, 0.85–0.99). Global sleep quality, habitual sleep duration, and sleep efficiency were not associated with either nocturnal hypertension or nondipping
SBP
.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that addressing
OSA
risk and sleep timing in a clinical trial may improve
BP
during sleep.
Proceedings From the 2019 Stanford Single Ventricle Scientific Summit: Advancing Science for Single Ventricle Patients: From Discovery to Clinical Applications
Authors: Reddy Sushma , Handler Stephanie Siehr , Wu Sean , Rabinovitch Marlene , Wright Gail 
Published: March 2020

Abstracts
Because of remarkable advances in survival over the past 40 years, the worldwide population of individuals with single ventricle heart disease living with Fontan circulation has grown to ≈70 000, with nearly half aged >18 years. Survival to at least 30 years of age is now achievable for 75% of Fontan patients. On the other hand, single ventricle patients account for the largest group of the 6000 to 8000 children hospitalized with circulation failure, with or without heart failure annually in the United States, with the highest in‐hospital mortality. Because there is little understanding of the underlying mechanisms of heart failure, arrhythmias, pulmonary and lymphatic vascular abnormalities, and other morbidities, there are no specific treatments to maintain long‐term myocardial performance or to optimize overall patient outcomes.
PERSONEL GÜÇLENDİRME VE ÖRGÜTSEL BAĞLILIK META-ANALİZ ÇALIŞMASI
Authors: HATİPOĞLU Zeynep , AKDUMAN Gülbeniz 
Published: March 2020

Bu çalışmada personel güçlendirmenin örgütsel bağlılık üzerindeki etki büyüklüğünü belirlemek amacıyla yapılan, birbirinden bağımsız çalışmalardan elde edilen sonuçların birleştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmanın temel sorusu “personel güçlendirmenin örgütsel bağlılık üzerinde bir etkisi var mıdır?” şeklinde ifade edilmiş ve meta analiz yöntemi kullanılarak bu soruya yanıt aranmıştır. Meta-analiz, benzer konularda yapılmış birbirinden bağımsız ve çok sayıda çalışmadan elde edilmiş sayısal verileri istatistiksel olarak analiz etme ve bu çalışmala­rın sonuçları hakkında genel bir sonuca varma yönte­midir (Kablan, vd. 2013:1630). Analize dahil edilen “personel güçlendirme” ve “örgütsel bağlılık” ile ilgili çalışmalara “Google Akademik, YÖK Ulusal Tez Merkezi ve DergiPark” veri tabanlarının sistemli olarak taranması sonucunda toplamda 34 çalışmaya ulaşılmıştır. Bu çalışmalardan hangilerinin meta-analize dâhil edileceğini belirlemek amacıyla kullanılan kriterler ise şu şekildedir: Personel güçlendirme ile örgütsel bağlılık arasında korelasyon katsayısının olması, araştırma kapsamının yalnızca “personel güçlendirme ve örgütsel bağlılık” arasındaki ilişkiyi inceliyor olması ve çalışmalarda alt boyutları farklı ölçeklerin kullanılabiliyor olması nedeniyle ölçek toplam puanları arasındaki korelasyon katsayılarının varlığı, kullanılan ölçeklerin güvenirlik ve geçerliklerinin ispatlanmış olması. Sayılan kriterleri içermeyen çalışmalar analiz dışı bırakılarak kriterlere uygun 17 çalışma ile meta-analiz gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın ilk kısmında ilgili kavramlar açıklandıktan sonra yöntem ve ulaşılan bulgular ışığında sonuç kısmı yer almaktadır. Meta-analiz sonucunda elde edilen etki büyüklüğü düzeyine göre personel güçlendirmenin örgütsel bağlılık üzerinde çok geniş düzeyde ve anlamlı bir etkiye sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
SOSYAL POLİTİKA BAĞLAMINDA ENGELLİLERE YÖNELİK HİZMETLERİN ÇANAKKALE BELEDİYESİ ÖRNEĞİNDE ANALİZİ
Authors: DÖNMEZ KARA Canan Öykü 
Published: March 2020

Sosyal politika, toplumların geniş
bir kesimine hitap etmekte ve engellileri de kapsamaktadır. Türkiye’de
engelliler 1982 Anayasası tarafından pozitif ayrımcılık tanınan gruplardan
biridir. Engellilere yönelik sosyal politikalar başta merkezi yönetim olmak
üzere, yerel yönetimlerin, gönüllü kuruluşların girişimlerini ve işbirliğini
gerektirmektedir. Özellikle merkezi
yönetimlerin yetersiz kaldığı konularda belediyelerin engellilere yönelik
politikaları önemli hale gelmektedir. Türkiye’de belediyelere yalnızca
altyapı hizmetlerinin sunulması konusunda görevler verilmemiş, aynı zamanda
1982 Anayasasında karşılık bulan sosyal devlet ilkesi gereği eğitim, ekonomi,
sağlık, kültür, engelliler ve sosyal yardım alanlarında da bazı görevler
yüklenmiştir. Sosyal
politika kapsamındaki bu hizmetler aynı zamanda sosyal belediyecilik
anlayışının temelini oluşturmaktadır. Bu çerçevede araştırmanın amacı, sosyal
belediyecilik bağlamında engellilere sunulan hizmetlerden engellilerin
memnuniyetinin Çanakkale Belediyesi örneğinde incelenmesidir. Araştırma nitel
araştırma desenlerinden söylem/hikâye analizi şeklinde tasarlanmıştır.
Hikaye/söylem analizi insanların başlarından geçen olaylarla ilgili
anlattıkları hikayeleri analiz etmeye yönelik bir araştırma yaklaşımıdır.
Belirlenen amaç doğrultusunda, Çanakkale Belediyesi’nin sunduğu sosyal
hizmetlerden yararlanan görme ve ortopedik engelli bireylerle görüşmeler
yapılarak veriler elde edilmiştir.
Görüşmelerde dokuz sorudan oluşan yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu
kullanılmıştır. Ses kayıt cihazıyla yapılan kayıtlar, Microsoft Office Word
programına aktarılarak dokümanlar oluşturulmuştur. Araştırma
verileri içerik analizi tekniğiyle çözümlenerek anlamlı bilgiler haline
getirilmiştir. İçerik
analizi adı altında toplanan bu araç ve teknikler, her şeyden önce kontrollü
bir yorum çabası olarak ve genelde tümdengelime dayalı bir “okuma” aracı olarak
nitelendirilebilirler. Sonuçta, katılımcıların Çanakkale Belediyesi’nin sosyal
belediyecilik kapsamında değerlendirilebilecek hizmetlerinden genel anlamda
memnun oldukları, ancak daha hızlı ve kaliteli hizmet sunulması noktasında bazı
beklentilerinin olduğu görülmüştür.
THE IMPACT OF IMPORTS ON EXPORTS OF TURKEY
Authors: KARABULUT Şahin 
Published: March 2020

Turkey implemented programme based on import substitution in the 1960s and turned to domestic production and consumption by restrictions on bringing in foreign trade. Following the stagflationary process in the 1970s, Turkey aimed to follow the export-led growth model of the developing countries in the 1980s to reach the developed countries. In this context, the government shifted into export promotion strategy following the progressed made by newly industrialized countries. Accordingly, import restrictions were removed and exports were aimed at increasing. From the 1990s onwards, foreign trade has increased enormously. This increase has continued in the 2000s but imports have permanently increased more than exports. Turkey's import dependence has risen significantly reflecting the openness of the domestic markets. Importation of capital and intermediate goods has been the critical factor for Turkey's economic development.The main aim of this study is to examine the causal relationship between export and import.The dependency of import to the export in Turkey tested with a Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS) and Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares (FMOLS) method by using monthly data 1992-2019 periods. Following empirical findings were reached in the study investigating: There are causality both from export to import and import to export. According to Engle-Granger (1987) test, cointegration has been detected between export and import. As a result of DOLS and FMOLS method made long term analysis, export is highly dependent on import.
A new record and mitochondrial identification of Pentias thompsoni Collinge, 1916 (Isopoda, Valvifera, Idoteidae) from the Nanji Islands, China
Authors: Liu Wenliang , Song Chenwei , Zhao Zhipeng 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Pentias thompsoni Collinge, 1916 is recorded for the first time from China. The male specimen is described firstly, including the micromorphological characters of penes and appendix masculina. The partial sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) of the species are also provided for a molecular characterization.
Thermodynamic Cycles in the Stratosphere
Authors: Ruggieri Paolo , Ambaum Maarten H. P. , Nycander Jonas 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Large-scale overturning mass transport in the stratosphere is commonly explained through the action of potential vorticity (PV) rearrangement in the flank of the stratospheric jet. Large-scale Rossby waves, with their wave activity source primarily in the troposphere, stir and mix PV and an overturning circulation arises to compensate for the zonal torque imposed by the breaking waves. In this view, any radiative heating is relaxational and the circulation is mechanically driven. Here we present a fully thermodynamic analysis of these phenomena, based on ERA-Interim data. Streamfunctions in a thermodynamic, log(pressure)–temperature space are computed. The sign of a circulation cell in these coordinates directly shows whether it is mechanically driven, converting kinetic energy to potential and thermal energy, or thermally driven, with the opposite conversion. The circulation in the lower stratosphere is found to be thermodynamically indirect (i.e., mechanically driven). In the middle and upper stratosphere thermodynamically indirect and direct circulations coexist, with a prominent semiannual cycle. A part of the overturning in this region is thermally driven, while a more variable indirect circulation is mechanically driven by waves. The wave driving does not modulate the strength of the thermally direct part of the circulation. This suggests that the basic overturning circulation in the stratosphere is largely thermally driven, while tropospheric waves add a distinct indirect component to the overturning. This indirect overturning is associated with poleward transport of anomalously warm air parcels.
Transition of care of stable ischaemic heart disease patients from tertiary to primary care with telemedicine support: Randomized noninferiority clinical trial
Authors: Ruschel Karen B , Rados Dimitris RV , Furtado Mariana V , Batista Joanna d’Arc L , Katz Natan , Harzheim Erno , Polanczyk Carisi A 
Published: March 2020

Introduction Evidence of telehealth for chronic disease management is scarce and contradictory. Objectives We aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of teleconsultations as support in the care transition of patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) from tertiary to primary care. Methods A randomized noninferiority clinical trial was undertaken in patients with CAD from a tertiary hospital in a middle-income country. Patients with functional angina class 1 or 2 and meeting discharge criteria were randomized to remain in the cardiology outpatient clinic for 12 months (control group, CG) or continue follow-up in a primary care unit with clinical support via telemedicine (intervention group, IG). The primary outcome was the maintenance of the functional angina class after 12 months. Secondary outcomes included control of risk factors and clinical outcomes. Results In total 271 patients (mean age, 66 years) were included; 81.1% and 91% of the IG and CG, respectively, maintained stable angina symptoms, thus noninferiority could not be shown between the groups. Regarding emergency room visits at 1 year, the IG (7.6%) was noninferior to the CG (6.0%) (absolute difference, 1.6%; noninferiority margin (NIM), –4.8% to 8.2%). For control of risk factors, 30.7% and 29.6% of the IG and CG, respectively, had blood pressure <130/80 mmHg (absolute difference, 1.1%; NIM, –10.5% to 12.8%), and 48.9% and 33.3% of diabetic patients in the IG and CG, respectively, had glycated haemoglobin <7% (absolute difference, 15.6%; NIM, –6.8% to 36%). Conclusions In our study, the difference in the patients’ angina functional class did not result in greater seeking of emergency care, supporting that discharge from the outpatient clinic with telemedicine is safe for patients with stable CAD treated at the tertiary level. The control of risk factors in these patients was noninferior to patients followed up in primary care. ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02489565).
Embarking on a memory assessment voices of older persons living with memory impairment
Authors: Tyrrell Marie , Religa Dorota , Fossum Bjöörn , Hedman Ragnhild , Skovdahl Kirsti , Hillerås Pernilla 
Published: March 2020

Aim To describe older persons who had commenced a memory assessment, experiences of living with memory impairment and related symptoms. Background Persons with subjective memory impairment are two times more likely to develop dementia over the years than their peers. Older persons seldom seek help from primary health care clinics solely for subjective memory impairment. Of those who seek help, it can take up to 35 months from the person experiencing initial symptoms to referral to a memory clinic. Further research is needed regarding how older persons live with memory impairment with related symptoms before they receive a memory diagnosis. Method A qualitative study with 23 participants who had commenced a memory assessment in primary care. Semi-structured interviews were held. During the interviews, the Neuropsychiatric Inventory was completed and discussed with the participants. Interview data were analysed using Interpretive Description. Results The results are presented under four themes: Conflicting views about the situation, Unveiling the presence of neuropsychiatric symptoms, Compensating with external and internal strategies to recall and Worrying about self and future. Persons with memory impairment were encouraged by family members or others to seek a memory assessment. Few persons were self-referred as memory impairment was often seen as a part of aging. Polarised viewpoints existed within the families regarding the impact of memory impairment on daily life. The presence of neuropsychiatric symptoms appeared unexplored in the participants seeking a memory assessment. In this study, the majority of participants experienced neuropsychiatric symptoms at the time of contact for a memory assessment. Conclusions Memory problems experienced were often viewed by the person as being part of an aging process. The presence of neuropsychiatric symptoms was not acknowledged as being connected to memory impairment. Contextualising ‘memory impairment’ as a part of a ‘cognitive process’ may help the person in identifying the presence of neuropsychiatric symptoms.
Enrollment and transition challenges in the International Maternal Pediatric and Adolescent AIDS Clinical Trials (IMPAACT) network’s PROMISE trial for resource-limited regions
Authors: Angelidou Konstantia , Fowler Mary Glenn , Flynn Pat , Coletti Anne , McCarthy Katie , Browning Renee , McIntyre James , Brummel Sean S , Shapiro David E , Tierney Camlin ,   for the PROMISE study team
Published: March 2020

Background: We describe enrollment and accrual challenges in the “Promoting Maternal and Infant Survival Everywhere” (PROMISE) trial conducted in resource-limited countries, as well as the challenges in transitioning participants from the antepartum to the postpartum components of the study. Methods: PROMISE was a large multi-national randomized controlled trial of the safety and efficacy of interventions to reduce perinatal transmission of HIV-1 (HIV) during pregnancy and breastfeeding and of interventions to preserve maternal health after cessation of perinatal transmission risk. The PROMISE study included two protocols for HIV-infected pregnant women in resource-limited countries who intended to either breastfeed or formula-feed their infants and did not meet country criteria for antiretroviral treatment. The PROMISE breastfeeding protocol (1077BF) used a sequential randomization design with up to three randomizations (Antepartum, Postpartum, and Maternal Health). The PROMISE formula-feeding protocol (1077FF) had two randomizations (Antepartum and Maternal Health). Women presenting to the clinic during early or active labor or in the immediate postpartum period were registered as Late Presenters and screened to determine whether eligible to participate in the Postpartum randomization. Results: The study was conducted at 14 sites in seven countries and opened to enrollment in April 2011. A total of 3259 pregnant women intending to breastfeed and an additional 284 pregnant women intending to formula feed were randomized in the Antepartum component. A total of 204 Late Presenters were registered during labor or after delivery. Enrollment was high among breastfeeding women (representing 96% of the target of 3400 women) but was lower than expected among women intending to formula feed (28% of 1000 expected) and late-presenting women (8% of 2500 expected). The successful overall enrollment and final primary study analyses results were attributed to substantial preparation before the study opened, collaboration among all stakeholders, close study monitoring during implementation and the flexibility to change and streamline the protocol. Conclusions: Experiences from the PROMISE study illustrate the challenges of enrolling in longer term studies in the setting of rapidly evolving prevention and treatment standards priorities. The lessons learned will help the community, site investigators, and study coordinators in the design and implementation of future clinical trials.
Shape Loss of Autoclaved, Machine-Bent Cobalt-Chrome and Titanium Spine Surgery Rods
Authors: Willson Rob , Zhou Haitao , Fulzele Sadanand , Mitchell Sean M. , Chutkan Norman 
Published: March 2020

Study Design: This was a biomechanical study. Objective: Shape loss of surgical spine rods has been implicated as a factor leading to postsurgical loss of alignment correction. Our objective was to compare the degree of shape loss in surgical spine rods of different compositions under physiological conditions that were bent before or after being autoclaved. Methods: 10 CoCr and 10 commercially pure titanium (CPTi) surgical spine rods were contoured using a machine press. Five CoCr and 5 CPTi rods were bent before being autoclaved (preoperative bent group); 5 CoCr and 5 CPTi rods were bent after being autoclaved (intraoperative bent group). All rods were immersed in a phosphate-buffered saline bath at body temperature (37.2°C ± 2°C). Changes in radius of curvature were measured at different time intervals over an 8-week course using a high-definition scanner. Results: Each rod demonstrated shape loss in radius of curvature (range = 1.04-9.99 mm) over the duration of the study. Intraoperatively bent CPTi rods demonstrated the largest shape loss (range = 8.73-9.99 mm; median 9.33 mm; P < .01). Preoperatively bent CPTi (range = 1.04-1.71 mm; median = 1.39 mm; P < .01) and intraoperatively bent CoCr (range = 1.11-2.11 mm; median = 2.01 mm; P < .01) rods underwent the least amount of shape loss. Conclusion: CPTi spinal rods bent after autoclave may lead to considerable loss of alignment correction. In addition, our results suggest that preautoclave bent CPTi and CoCr spinal rods bent after autoclave may be a more ideal choice of implant because they may provide more resistance to shape loss over time.