bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A new contribution to the geology of the Egyptian Red Sea shelf using geophysical data
Authors: Azab Ahmad , El‐Khadragy Ali Ali , Saada Saada Ahmed 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTThe study examines the Egyptian Red Sea shelf and throws more light on the structural set‐up and tectonics controlling the general framework of the area and nature of the crust. Herein, an integrated study using gravity and magnetic data with the available seismic reflection lines and wells information was carried out along the offshore area. The Bouguer and reduced‐to‐pole aeromagnetic maps were processed and reinterpreted in terms of rifting and plate tectonics. The qualitative interpretation shows that the offshore area is characterized by positive gravity everywhere that extremely increases towards the centre of the graben, supporting the presence of an intrusive zone below the axial/main trough. The gravity data were confirmed by the presence of high magnetic amplitudes, magnetic linearity and several dipoles concentrated along the rift axis for at least 250 km. The lineament analysis indicates widespread of the Erythrean (Red Sea) trend that was offset/cut by transform faults in the NE direction (Aqaba). The tectonic model suggests the presence of one tensional (N65°E) and two compressional (N15°W, N30°W) phases of tectonism, resulted in six cycles of deformations, classified into three left lateral (N35°E, N15°E and N–S) and three right lateral (N85°W, N45°W and N60°W). The basement relief map reveals a rough basement surface that varies in depth between 1 and 5.6 km. It outlines several offshore basins, separated from each other by ridges. The models show that the basement consists of tilted fault blocks, which vary greatly in depth and composition and slopes generally to the west. They indicate that the coastal plain is underlain by acidic basement blocks (continental crust) with no igneous activity while suggesting elevated basic materials (oceanic crust) below the rift axis. The study suggests that northern Red Sea forms an early stage of seafloor spreading or at least moved past the late stage of continental rifting.
Giving voice: an oral history of speech and language therapy
Authors: Stansfield Jois 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe Royal College of Speech and Language Therapists (RCSLT) celebrates its 75th anniversary in 2020. The historical study of speech and language therapy (SLT) has been very limited. A small number of publications have traced the changes in the profession over time, but to date there has been no comprehensive work undertaken to gain an insight into the experiences of UK speech therapists who entered the newly formed profession after 1945.AimsTo use an oral history methodology to explore the life stories of early members of the profession.Methods & ProceduresParticipants were recruited through RCSLT networks. Interviews were held across England and Scotland. Conversations were audio recorded and analysed using thematic network analysis. Archive material was used to complement participants’ narratives.Outcomes & ResultsParticipants were 19 women who qualified between 1945 and 1968. Three global themes emerged: personal, professional and political stories. On a personal level, each reported steps towards autonomy and agency within the social constraints they experienced. Professionally, all commented on the vast expansion in the range of identifiable clinical fields between 1945, when the first participant qualified, and 2008, when the last participant retired. Politics and social policies impacted upon their lives and, sometimes to their surprise, the participants found themselves campaigning politically in pursuit of fairness for their profession.Conclusions & ImplicationsThis paper offers a unique insight into the challenges and achievements participants experienced over their careers as early practitioners in the UK profession.
Determinants of generalized fatigue in individuals with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis: The MOST Study
Authors: Fawole Henrietta O. , Riskowski Jody L. , Dell'Isola Andrea , Steultjens Martijn P. , Nevitt Michael C. , Torner James C. , Lewis Cora E. , Felson David T. , Chastin Sebastien F. M. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAimThe aim of the study was to identify sociodemographic, disease‐related, physical and mental health‐related determinants of fatigue at 2‐year follow‐up in individuals with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis (OA).MethodsA longitudinal analysis of participants with symptomatic knee OA from the Multicenter Osteoarthritis Study (MOST) was conducted to identify predictors of fatigue at 2‐year follow‐up. Participants self‐reported fatigue at baseline for the first time in the MOST cohort and at follow‐up using a 0‐10 visual analog scale. At baseline, questionnaires on sociodemographics, disease‐related symptoms, physical and mental health factors were completed. Data were analyzed using linear regressions with a backwards elimination approach.ResultsOf the 2330 individuals in the MOST cohort at baseline, 576 had symptomatic knee OA and of these, 449 with complete fatigue values at baseline and follow‐up were included in this analysis. Minimally important fatigue change (ie, worsening [≥1.13], no change [<0.82 or <1.13] and improvement [≥−0.82]) from baseline to follow‐up were unequal within the population (34.5%, 26.9%, 38.5%; χ2 [2, N = 449] = 9.32, P = .009). The multiple linear regression showed that baseline fatigue (unstandardized coefficient [Β] = 0.435; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.348‐0.523, P < .001), slow gait speed (Β = −1.124; 95% CI −1.962 to −0.285, P = .009), depressive symptoms (Β = 0.049; 95% CI 0.024‐0.075, P < .001) and higher numbers of comorbidities (Β = 0.242; 95% CI 0.045‐0.439, P = .016) were significant predictors of greater fatigue at follow‐up.ConclusionFatigue is strongly associated with physical‐ and mental‐related health factors. Individualized treatments that include combined psychological and physical function rehabilitation might be modalities for fatigue management.
The relationship of serum SCUBE‐1, ‐2 and ‐3 levels with clinical findings and ultrasonographic skin thickness in systemic sclerosis patients
Authors: Gündüz İbrahim , Batmaz İbrahim , Bozan Turgut , Ekinci Aysun , Cevik Remzi 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAimThis study aimed to investigate the relationship between the level of serum signal peptide‐CUB‐EGF domain‐containing protein (SCUBE)‐1, SCUBE‐2 and SCUBE‐3 and clinical findings and ultrasonographic skin thickness in systemic sclerosis (SSc).Material and MethodsThirty patients who met the American College of Rheumatology/European League against Rheumatism 2013 SSc classification criteria and 44 healthy volunteers who were compatible with the patient group in terms of age and gender were included in the study. Serum SCUBE levels were measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Ultrasonographic skin thickness measurements were simultaneously performed.ResultsNo significant difference was found between the serum SCUBE levels of SSc patients and serum SCUBE levels of the control group. A negative correlation was detected between serum SCUBE‐1 level and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1). While a positive correlation was detected between serum SCUBE‐2 level and the Duruöz Hand Index and serum C4 level, a negative correlation was determined with the forced vital capacity (FVC) value. A negative correlation was determined between serum SCUBE‐3 level and echocardiographic pulmonary artery pressure (PAP). A correlation could not be determined between serum SCUBE levels and ultrasonographic skin thickness. However, a positive correlation was observed between ultrasonographic skin thickness and the modified Rodnan skin score.ConclusionIn this study, a correlation was observed between serum SCUBE levels and some clinical and laboratory parameters (FEV1, FVC, PAP, C4, and Duruöz Hand Index) in SSc patients. New clinical studies are needed to better understand the contribution of these molecules in the progression and pathogenesis of SSc.
Unique metastasis‐associated lncRNA signature optimizes prediction of tumor relapse in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhang Xiaoshi , Han Jingyi , Du Lutao , Li Xiaoli , Hao Jing , Wang Lili , Zheng Guixi , Duan Weili , Xie Yujiao , Zhao Yinghui , Zhang Xin , Zou Mingjin , Wang Chuanxin 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundLocal relapses and metastases are primary causes of death in lung cancer patients. In the present study, we aimed to develop a prognostic signature based on metastasis‐associated lncRNAs in patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD).MethodsFirstly, the potential metastasis‐associated lncRNAs were identified by analyzing high‐throughput data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and based on which, an lncRNA signature was constructed for prediction of relapse in LUAD patients using Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. Moreover, the prognostic performance of the lncRNA signature was evaluated using Kaplan‐Meier survival analysis, time‐dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and Cox analysis, respectively. In addition, the potential metastasis‐associated function of these six lncRNAs was confirmed by lncRNA over‐expression or depletion and in vitro transwell assays in LUAD cells.ResultsAn lncRNA signature consisting of six most important prognostic factors (LINC01819, ZNF649‐AS1, HNF4A‐AS1, FAM222A‐AS1, LINC02323 and LINC00672) was developed. The signature was an independent predictor for patients' relapse‐free survival (RFS), which could provide higher tumor relapse prediction capability compared with the TNM staging system at three years and five years, respectively (P = 0.0209 and P = 0.0468). Furthermore, the combination of this lncRNA signature and TNM stage had better prognostic value than TNM stage alone at three and five years, respectively (P = 0.0006 and P = 0.0096). Additionally, all the lncRNAs of the signature had a regulatory role in the LUAD cell mobility.ConclusionsThis novel six‐lncRNA signature had considerable prognostic value for prediction of relapse in LUAD patients.Key pointsSignificant findings of the studyThe unique metastasis‐associated lncRNA signature was related to tumor metastasis and prognosis in LUAD patients.What this study addsThis signature had considerable prognostic value for prediction of relapse in LUAD patients.
Upregulation of microRNA‐200a in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells enhances the repair of spinal cord injury in rats by reducing oxidative stress and regulating Keap1/Nrf2 pathway
Authors: Wang Xianxiang , Ye Lei , Zhang Ke , Gao Lu , Xiao Jin , Zhang Yiquan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSpinal cord injury (SCI) is a common disease with high incidence, disability rate and treatment cost. microRNA (miR)‐200a is reported to inhibit Keap1 to activate Nrf2 signaling. This study aimed to explore the effects of lentivirus‐mediated miR‐200a gene‐modified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) transplantation on the repair of SCI in a rat model. BMSCs were isolated from the bone marrow of Sprague–Dawley rats. MiR‐200a targeting to Keap1 was identified by luciferase reporter gene assay. The expressions of Keap1, nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2), NAD(P)H‐dependent quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO‐1), heme oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1) and glutamate‐cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC) were detected by Western blotting in SCI rats. The locomotor capacity of the rats was evaluated using the Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan scale. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) were measured. miR‐200a inhibited Keap‐1 3′ UTR activity in BMSCs. Transplantation of BMSCs with overexpression of miR‐200a or si‐Keap1 increased locomotor function recovery of rats after SCI, while decreased MDA level, increased SOD, CAT activities, and Nrf2 expression together with its downstream HO‐1, NQO1, GCLC protein expressions in SCI rat. These results indicated that overexpressed miR‐200a in BMSCs promoted SCI repair, which may be through regulating antioxidative signaling pathway.
Classification of the European marsh vegetation (Phragmito‐Magnocaricetea) to the association level
Authors: Landucci Flavia , Šumberová Kateřina , Tichý Lubomír , Hennekens Stephan , Aunina Liene , Biță‐Nicolae Claudia , Borsukevych Lyubov , Bobrov Alexander , Čarni Andraž , Bie Els De , Golub Valentin , Hrivnák Richard , Iemelianova Svitlana , Jandt Ute , Jansen Florian , Kącki Zygmunt , Lájer Konrád , Papastergiadou Eva , Šilc Urban , Sinkevičienė Zofija , Stančić Zvjezdana , Stepanovič Jazep , Teteryuk Boris , Tzonev Rossen , Venanzoni Roberto , Zelnik Igor , Chytrý Milan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAimsTo create a comprehensive, consistent and unequivocal phytosociological classification of European marsh vegetation of the class Phragmito‐Magnocaricetea.LocationEurope.MethodsWe applied the Cocktail method to a European data set of 249,800 vegetation plots. We identified the main purposes and attributes on which to base the classification, defined assignment rules for vegetation plots, and prepared formal definitions for all the associations, alliances and orders of the class Phragmito‐Magnocaricetea using formal logic. Each formula consists of the combination of “functional species groups”, cover values of individual species, and in the case of high‐rank syntaxa also of “discriminating species groups” created using the Group Improvement (GRIMP) method.ResultsThe European Phragmito‐Magnocaricetea vegetation was classified into 92 associations grouped in 11 alliances and six orders. New syntaxa (previously invalidly published according to the International Code of Phytosociological Nomenclature) were introduced: Bolboschoeno maritimi‐Schoenoplection tabernaemontani, Glycerio maximae‐Sietum latifolii, Glycerio notatae‐Veronicetum beccabungae, Schoenoplectetum corymbosi and Thelypterido palustris‐Caricetum elongatae. Based on a critical revision, some other syntaxa were rejected or excluded from the class Phragmito‐Magnocaricetea.ConclusionsThis work provides the first consistent classification of the class Phragmito‐Magnocaricetea at the European scale, which is an important tool for nature conservation. Our classification largely respects previously existing concepts of syntaxa, but it also proposes modifications to the recently published EuroVegChecklist. This work also provides a protocol that can be used for extending the current classification to new syntaxa and geographical regions.
Comparison between high‐resolution water‐perfused anorectal manometry and THD® Anopress anal manometry: a prospective observational study
Authors: Leo C. A. , Cavazzoni E. , Leeuwenburgh M. M. N. , Thomas G. P. , Dennis A. , Bassett P. , Hodgkinson J. D. , Warusavitarne J. , Murphy J. , Vaizey C. J. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAimAnorectal physiology tests provide a functional assessment of the anal canal. The aim of this study was to compare the results generated by standard high‐resolution water‐perfused manometry (WPM) with the newer THD® Anopress manometry system.MethodThis was a prospective observational study. Conventional manometry was carried out using a water‐perfused catheter with high‐resolution manometry and compared with the Anopress system with air‐filled catheters. All patients underwent the two procedures successively in a randomized order. Time to arrive at the resting pressure plateau, resting, squeeze, straining pressure and visual analogue scale (VAS) scores for pain were recorded. A qualitative analysis of the two devices was performed.ResultsBetween 2016 and 2017, 60 patients were recruited. The time from insertion of the catheter to arriving at the resting pressure plateau was significantly lower with the Anopress compared with WPM: 12 s [interquartile range (IQR) 10–17 s] versus 100 s (IQR 67–121 s) (P < 0.001). A strong correlation between the manometric values of WPM and the Anopress was observed. Both procedures were well tolerated, although the VAS score for insertion of the WPM catheter was significantly higher. The Anopress was easier to use and more time‐efficient than the WPM.ConclusionThe pressure values obtained with Anopress correlated well with those of conventional manometry. The Anopress has the advantage of being less time‐consuming, user‐friendly and better tolerated by patients.
Ethical management of wildlife. Lethal versus nonlethal control of white‐tailed deer
Authors: Gamborg Christian , Sandøe Peter , Palmer Clare 
Published: January 2020

AbstractCalls for ethical management of wildlife in the international conservation community are increasing. However, it is not clear what this actually entails. Using a case of lethal (hunting) and nonlethal control (fertility control) of “chronically abundant” large herbivores such as white‐tailed deer in rural and suburban areas of the United States we show what different ethical values and commitments may lead to in terms of management preference. The values looked at are humane treatment of deer, not killing them and allowing them a natural life. In terms of deer welfare, fertility control might be, overall, better than lethal control; in terms of naturalness, lethal control may have the edge. However, this conclusion is tentative. There are insufficient studies on the welfare effects of different control methods, and the specificities will also make a difference. In conclusion, there is no simple or single answer as to what constitutes “ethical management” of deer populations. Different values can be prioritized, and different ethical approaches adopted (e.g., “respecting rights” or “best consequences.”) A better understanding of what is at stake ethically could help both in designing further research and in making transparent and well‐informed decisions.
An audit of liquid‐based cytology samples reported as high‐risk human papillomavirus and borderline nuclear change in endocervical cells
Authors: Manley Kristyn M. , Luker Russell , Park Claire 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIntroductionPrimary human papillomavirus (HPV) screening, testing for the virus responsible for 99% of cervical cancers, was introduced in 2018‐2020 in the UK. This was preceded by HPV triage of low‐grade cytology from 2012. Much of the evidence incorporated into current National Health Service (NHS) colposcopy guidance assessed outcomes prior to this change in screening. The aim of this paper is to assess adherence to NHS cervical screening programme standards, determine the incidence of cases reported as high‐risk HPV plus borderline nuclear change in endocervical cells, to calculate colposcopic accuracy and assess histological outcomes in this cohort.MethodA retrospective audit of women referred to a colposcopy clinic in one NHS trust from 2016 to 2018. Data relating to histological outcomes, cytological follow‐up and demographics were collected.ResultsOf 2001 referrals, 22 data sets identifying HPV‐positive borderline endocervical change were eligible for analysis (1.2% incidence). Median age was 29.5. Two‐thirds (68.2%, n = 15) had high‐grade dysplasia at diagnostic biopsy. Those women with reassuring histology had normal cytological follow‐up. Colposcopic accuracy was moderate (positive predictive value 43.8%, negative predictive value 100%).ConclusionsBorderline nuclear change in endocervical cells is an uncommon condition but should be treated as a high‐grade referral. All women should be offered a diagnostic biopsy at the initial colposcopy; if no histopathological abnormality is identified, alternative sources of pathology should be considered. Excisional treatment should be recommended to unreliable attenders, those with a complete family and inadequate colposcopy (TZ3) and considered in younger women with a TZ3.
Event‐related EEG oscillations in body dysmorphic disorder
Authors: Kapsali Fotini , Zioga Ioanna , Papageorgiou Panos , Smyrnis Nikolaos , Chrousos George P. , Papageorgiou Charalabos 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundPatients with body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) exhibit differential attentional mechanisms compared to healthy subjects. The exact nature of this differentiation is unclear. To this end, EEG (electrophysiological) responses to prepulse inhibition (PPI: reflecting attentional modulation) and prepulse facilitation (PPF: indicating orienting activation) were recorded and analysed. The aim of this study was to compare the respective neural oscillations associated with PPI and PPF in BDD vs healthy controls.Materials and MethodsEvent‐related EEG oscillations elicited by PPI and PPF (26 and 25 trials, respectively, randomly presented) were explored in a sample of patients with BDD (N = 30) vs healthy controls (N = 25). The Yale‐Brown Obsessive‐Compulsive Scale for BDD (BDD‐YBOCS), the Body Dysmorphic Disorder Examination, the Dysmorphic Concern Questionnaire (DCQ) and the Brown Assessment of Belief Scale (BABS) were also administered.ResultsAnalysis of the power spectrum in response to PPI and PPF revealed that the BDD patient group compared to healthy controls exhibited higher theta‐1 oscillations (potentially indicative of disrupted thalamo‐cortical activation) and reduced beta‐1 oscillations (potentially indicative of reduced top‐down‐controlled processing during attentional orienting).ConclusionThese findings offer novel contributions with regards to the neural mechanisms underlying attention processes in BDD patients, and demonstrate the potential of event‐related EEG oscillations as a tool to better understand body dysmorphic disorder.
The influence of multiyear drought and associated reduction in tributary connectivity on an adfluvial fish species
Authors: Glassic Hayley Corrine , Gaeta Jereme William 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMultiyear drought is projected to increase in frequency and duration in arid and semiarid regions across the world, threatening native species and ecosystem function. The effects of multiyear drought are often exacerbated by human water use, which manifest in reduced lake elevation, reduced stream discharge, and disruption in hydrologic connectivity for aquatic species. Here, we demonstrate that drought‐driven decreasing lake levels reduce the connectivity between tributaries and lakes by creating an elevation‐explicit tributary distance map. We combined long‐term fish catch data and a lake elevation time‐series with our elevation‐explicit tributary distance map to test whether population demographics are related to drought‐driven changes in tributary connectivity. We surveyed the littoral zone of Bear Lake, Utah and Idaho, USA, from full pool to a depth of >12 m, totalling 94.86 km2 surveyed. As lake elevation decreased from full pool to the lowest historical elevation, tributary channel distance increased by 3.5 km. Bear Lake Bonneville Cutthroat Trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii utah) catch per unit effort was strongly negatively correlated with tributary channel distance, though individual growth rates were not influenced by drought metrics. We predicted the response of age 0 to age 10 cutthroat under high and low cobble availability, estimating up to a 61% decline in cutthroat CPUE when tributary channel distance is at its maximum historical value. Our study provided a unique opportunity to identify quantitative linkages between climate‐driven changes in habitat connectivity and an ecologically important endemic sportfish, expanding our understanding of potential pathways through which climate change may affect lentic ecosystems and fishes.