bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Astaxanthin Protects Against Early Acute Kidney Injury in Severely-Burned Rats Through Inactivating TLR4/MyD88/NF-kB Axis and Upregulating&nbsp;Heme Oxygenase-1
Authors: Guo Songxue , Guo Linsen , Fang Quan , Yu Meirong , Zhang Liping , You Chuangang , Wang Xingang , Han Chunmao 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Early acute kidney injury (AKI) contributes to severe morbidity and mortality in critically-burned patients. Renal inflammation plays a vital role in the progression of early AKI. Astaxanthin (ATX) is a strong antioxidant widely-distributed in marine organisms, exhibiting diverse biological effects in trauma and diseases. The anti-inflammatory property of ATX is also suggested. Hence, we attempted to explore the anti-inflammation-based protection of ATX against early AKI post-burn and related mechanisms. Methods: A severely-burned rat model was established in this study. The changes of renal structure and function were determined by hematoxylin-eosin staining and blood test. The oxidative status in kidneys was detected by commercial kits and quantitative real time PCR. Furthermore, immunofluorescence staining, quantitative real‐time, and western blot were performed on renal tissues of burned rats to explore the underlying effects and mechanisms of ATX on burn-induced AKI with the help of inflammation inducer and several signal inhibitors.Results: We found oxidative stress-induced tissue inflammation participated in the development of early AKI after burn paralleling with the deterioration of histological damage and function in kidneys, and MyD88-dependent TLR4/NF-kB pathway was activated to regulate renal inflammation. TLR4 and NF-kB inhibitor-TAK242 and PDTC showed similar effects to attenuate burn-induced renal inflammation and early AKI. Upon ATX treatment, the release of inflammatory mediators in kidneys was downregulated, while TLR4/MyD88/NF-kB axis was inhibited dose-relatedly. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) could reverse the anti-inflammatory effect of high-dose ATX, whereas TAK242 and PDTC antagonized its action. Furthermore, the expression of heme oxygenase(HO)-1 was also dose-relatedly upregulated by ATX. Conclusions: Collectively, the data above suggests ATX dose-relatedly protects against renal inflammation through regulating TLR4/MyD88/NF-kB axis and HO-1, and finally prevent early AKI following severe burns.
Intraoperative Anti-Inflammatory Drugs Combined With No Drainage After MIS-TLIF in the Treatment of Recurrent Lumbar Disc Herniation: An RCT
Authors: Du Jinpeng , Yang Junsong , Yan Liang , Shan Lequn , Wang Wentao , Fan Yong , Hao Dingjun , Huang Dageng 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background. Minimally Invasive-Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusions (MIS-TLIF), in which nerve root pain caused by early postoperative edema reaction is a common clinical complication. However, there is no effective method to solve this problem. We aimed to use gelatin sponge impregnated with mixed anti-inflammatory drugs combined with no drainage after MIS-TLIF to optimize postoperative effect in the treatment of recurrent lumbar disc herniation (LDH).Methods. From June 2018, the middle-aged patients (45-60 years old) with recurrent LDH were recruited. Included patients were treated with MIS-TLIF surgery, no drainage tube was placed after surgery. All patients were randomly divided into intervention group (Gelatin sponge impregnated with mixed anti-inflammatory drugs) and control group (Saline was immersed in gelatin sponge as a control). Results. The intervention group included 63 cases and the control group included 65 cases. The length of hospital stays and bedridden period in the intervention group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). The VAS score of low back pain in the intervention group was significantly lower than that of the control group at postoperative day 1-6 (P<0.05, for all). The VAS scores of leg pain in the intervention group at postoperative day 1-9 were statistically lower than the control group (P<0.05, for all). Conclusions. Application of gelatin sponge impregnated with mixed anti-inflammatory drugs combined with no drainage after MIS-TLIF can significantly further optimize the surgical effect of recurrent LDH, shorten the bedridden period and hospital stays, to achieve the purpose of early rehabilitation.Trial registration: China Clinical Trial Registration Center, ChiCTR1800016236. Registered 21 May 2018, http://www.chictr.org.cn/listbycreater.aspx
Predictors of perioperative blood transfusion and intraoperative blood loss in thoracolumbar tuberculosis
Authors: Wang Shengyu , Liu Chao , Wei Rongzhi , Zhang Qiuhua , Wu Feng , Wang Yufu , Yan Jinglong 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background. During surgery for thoracic and lumbar tuberculosis infection, patients can lose a significant amount of blood and thus require a perioperative blood transfusion. However, the risk factors for increased intraoperative blood loss and perioperative blood transfusion have yet to be identified. The aim of this retrospective study was to determine the predictors of perioperative blood transfusion and intraoperative blood loss in thoracolumbar tuberculosis. Methods. From 2008 to 2018, 336 patients who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study. The predictors of allogenic blood transfusion were identified using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Univariate and multivariate linear regressions were conducted to investigate the risk factors for intraoperative blood loss. The predictors of high levels of intraoperative blood loss were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression analysis.Results. Altogether, 336 adult patients with thoracic and lumbar tuberculosis were included in this study. The mean age of patients was 49.6 ± 15.5 years old (range 14-85). Our data revealed significant relationships between blood transfusions and female gender, BMI, vertebral collapse/kyphosis and intraoperative blood loss. Multivariable linear regression analysis revealed that BMI, levels of instrumentation, surgical approach and operative time were independent risk factors for intraoperative blood loss. Specifically, a lower BMI, decreased preoperative hemoglobin levels, four or more levels of instrumentation, a combined surgical approach and a prolonged operative time were identified as risk factors for high levels of intraoperative blood loss.Conclusions. This study identified some clinical predictors of perioperative blood transfusion and intraoperative blood loss in patients undergoing thoracic and lumbar tuberculosis surgery. These results may contribute to the planning of preoperative blood transfusions and help to minimize intra- or postoperative complications. Level of evidenceLevel IV, retrospective case series.
Allogeneic Red Blood Cell Transfusion Rate and Risk Factors in Elderly Patients With Femoral Neck Fracture After Hemiarthroplasty
Authors: Yue Rui , Yang Minghui , Deng Xiaohui , Zhang Ping 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Objective: To determine the rate and risk factors of allogeneic red blood cell transfusions (ABT) in elderly patients with femoral neck fracture (FNF) after hemiarthroplasty (HA). Methods: We conducted a study on elderly patients (≥65 years old) who were admitted to the geriatric trauma orthopedics ward of Beijing Jishuitan Hospital for HA treatment from March 2018 to February 2019 due to FNF. The perioperative data were collected retrospectively, and univariate and multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis were performed to determine the postoperative ABT rate and its risk factors. Results: 343 patients were included in the study, of which 151 (44.0%) received ABT after surgery. Multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis showed that preoperative low hemoglobin (Hb), high intraoperative blood loss (IBL), advanced age, and low body mass index (BMI) are independent risk factors of ABT after HA in elderly FNF patients. Conclusion: ABT after HA is a common phenomenon in elderly patients with FNF. Their postoperative ABT needs are related to preoperative low Hb, high IBL, advanced age, and low BMI. Therefore, ABT can be reduced from the above aspects.
Prevalence of Tobacco use and Predictors: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Baseline Data from Kong Cohort Study in the South of Iran
Authors: Dadipoor Sakineh , Nejatizade Abdul Azim , Farshidi Hossein , gharibzade Abdullah , Aghamolaei Teamer , Rafati Shideh 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Tobacco use (TU) has been increasing in Iran and turned into a major national healthcare concern. Thus, the present research aimed to explore the prevalence of TU and its predictors in Bandar-e-Kong in the south of Iran. Methods: The baseline data from Kong cohort study (KCS) were used in a prospective study of 4,035, 40-70 year old subjects in Bandar Abbas in Hormozgan Province between 2016 and 2018. Adjusted and crude odds ratios (OR) were used at 95% confidence interval (CI) to measure the predictors of TU.Results: Hookah smoking (HS) showed to be the most prevalent type of smoking (17.60%, 95% CI: 16.41-18.78%). Only next was second-hand smoking (17%, 95% CI: 15.81-18.14%) followed by cigarette smoking (9%, 95% CI: 8.11-9.89%). Age, gender, education, alcohol consumption and environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) were the main predictors of cigarette and hookah smoking. Marital status, place of residence and psychological problems were the only predictors of HS (OR=.1.65, 95% CI: 1.11, 2.45, p=.01), BMI (OR=.95, 95% CI: .93, .98, p=.002) and drug abuse (OR=4.52, 95% CI: 3.11, 6.55, p<.001) were the only predictors of cigarette smoking. Conclusions: Masculinity, higher age, rural residence, low education, alcohol consumption, drugs, second-hand smoking and history of depression were among the main risk factors of smoking behavior. The results indicated a considerable need for more educational and preventive programs for each risk factor involved in smoking behavior especially for HS, exposure to ETS and its consequences in Kong population.
Established and Validated a Novel Nomogram for Predicting Prognosis of Post-mastectomy pN0-1 Breast Cancer Without Adjuvant Radiotherapy
Authors: Qi Wei-Xiang , Lu Cao , Xu Cheng , zhao shengguang , Chen Jiayi 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe present study aims to establish and validate a nomogram for predicting prognosis of breast cancer with pN0-1 who are treated with mastectomy and without adjuvant radiotherapy. Material and methods Between Jan 2009 and Dec 2015, a total of 1879 breast cancer without adjuvant radiotherapy were used for nomogram development. The model was externally validated in an independent cohort of 1356 patients from one phase III trial (NCT00041119). The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression were performed to identify predictors of breast cancer specific survival (BCSS), local regional recurrence (LRR), and distant metastasis (DM). Results The 5-year BCSS, LRR and DM rates for the entire cohort was 98% ,2% and 4%, respectively. LASSO regression analysis found that pathological T stage, number of positive LN, grade and Ki-67 were significant predictors for both BCSS and DM-free survival in post-mastectomy breast cancer with pN0-1, while number of resected LN and PR status were predictors for DM-free survival. In addition, number of positive LN was the only significant predictor for developing LRR. The C-indexes for the 5-year BCSS and DM nomograms were 0.81 and 0.78 in the training data set, 0.65 and 0.70 in the testing set, and 0.72 and 0.69 in the external validation set, respectively. Calibration plots illustrated excellent agreement between the nomogram predictions and actual observations for 5-year BCSS and DM-free survival.Conclusion Our prognostic nomograms could accurately predict 5-year BCSS and DM-free survival in post-mastectomy early stage breast cancer without adjuvant radiotherapy, which provide a useful tool to identify high-risk patients who could benefit from additional adjuvant therapy.
Association of Serum 25-(OH)-D3 with Osteosarcopenic Obesity: A Cross-Sectional Study of Older Chinese
Authors: Ma Yanan , Liu Yuyan , Zhang Shen , Cao Lu , He Yu , Xu Shuai , Liang Hong , Chen Feng , Gao Jie , Wang Difei 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background Limited and inconsistent epidemiological evidence for the relationship between vitamin D level and risk of osteosarcopenic obesity. We aimed to find out the relationship between serum level of 25-(OH)-D3 and osteosarcopenic obesity.Methods This study was a cross-sectional study. Residents from nine communities of the Tiexi District of Shenyang City were enrolled from May to October 2017. We included 4,506 eligible participants (1,601 men) for analyses. Participants were asked for an overnight fast. Thereafter, Blood samples were collected, and serum level of 25-(OH)-D3 was estimated using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. We undertook logistic regression models adjusted for most known osteosarcopenic obesity risk factors. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated.Results Our study included a total of 4,506 participants (2,905 women). In multivariable-adjusted analyses, compared to the lowest tertile, a higher 25-(OH)-D3 level (OR was 0.77, 95% CI was 0.61, 0.98; and P for trend was 0.026) was inversely correlated with osteosarcopenic obesity. A positive association between vitamin D deficiency and osteosarcopenic obesity was found (OR was 1.33, 95% CI was 1.10, 1.62). Inverse relationships between serum level of 25-(OH)-D3 and low bone mass, as well as low muscle mass were found (P values for trend were 0.035 and 0.014, respectively). However, vitamin D deficiency only showed a positive correlation with low muscle mass (OR=1.26, 95 %CI: 1.07, 1.44).Conclusion An independent inverse dose-response association of serum 25-(OH)-D3 level with osteosarcopenic obesity, as well as its compositions was found. Our findings implied that serum 25-(OH)-D3 could be a good predictor of osteosarcopenic obesity in older northeastern Chinese.
Association of Sleep Duration and Weekend Catch-Up Sleep with Suicidal Ideation Among Adolescents with Asthma: Secondary Data Analysis Based on a Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Kim Chang Woon , Lee Ju Suk , Lee Jun Hwa , Jo Seon Hui , Kim Sung Hoon 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Sleep problems are common in asthma. We explored whether sleep duration and weekend catch-up sleep (WCUS), sleep time on weekends that exceeds sleep time on weekdays, are associated with suicidal ideation among adolescents with asthma. Methods: Data were acquired from adolescents participating in the 2019 Korean Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Surveys (KYRBS), which was self-administered, online survey. The KYRBS data were obtained from a stratified, multistage, clustered sample. Students responded prior diagnoses of asthma and sleep time. Associated factors for suicidal ideation were tested by logistic regression models.Results: Among 3,579 and 48,072 adolescents with and without asthma, respectively, adolescents with asthma were younger (14.77±1.72 vs 14.91±1.78 years old) and male predominance (57.3% vs 51.0%), had higher sleep dissatisfaction (50.1% vs. 46.2%), slept less (sleep duration 6.66 ± 1.54 vs 7.07 ± 1.51 hr), and had longer WCUS (2.94 ± 0.01 vs 2.15 ± 0.01 hr) than did those without asthma (p<0.001). The adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of suicidal ideation in those with short sleep duration (defined by ≤5h) was 1.41 (95% Confidence Interval [CI], 1.24–1.60). Notably, long WCUS (≥2hr) was significantly associated with a decreased risk of suicidal ideation (aOR, 0.82 [95% CI, 0.78-0.88], p<0.001).Conclusions: Although further research is needed to clarify this association, under the condition of sleep deprivation, WCUS at certain extent might be associated with low risk for suicidal ideation in adolescents with asthma.
Rates of Protein Synthesis Are Reduced in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) from Fragile X Individuals
Authors: Dionne Olivier , Lortie Audrey , Gagnon Florence , Corbin François 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundFragile X syndrome (FXS) is the leading inherited cause of intellectual disability and is caused by the loss of expression of the Fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP). In animal model of FXS, the absence of FMRP leads to an aberrant rate of neuronal protein synthesis, which in turn is believed to be at the origin of defects regarding spine morphology and synaptic plasticity. Normalisation of protein synthesis in these models has been associated with a rescue of FXS behavioral and biochemicals phenotype, thus establishing the rate of protein synthesis as one of the most promising monitoring biomarker for FXS. However, rate of protein synthesis alteration in fragile X individuals is not well characterizedMethodWe applied a robust radiolabeled assay to measure rate of protein synthesis in freshly extracted peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and blood platelets. We ultimately settle on PBMCs to measure and compare rate of protein synthesis in 13 males with fragile X and 14 matched controls individuals. ResultsUsing this method, we measured a 26.9% decrease (p = 0,0193) in the rate of protein synthesis in fragile X individuals PBMCs. Furthermore, the rate of protein synthesis measurements obtained were highly reproducible, highlighting the robustness of the method. ConclusionOur work presents the first evidence of a diminution of the rate of protein synthesis in a human peripheral model of fragile X. Our results also support the finding of previous studies using brain PET imaging in Fragile X individuals. Since our assay only requires a simple venous puncture, it could be used in other cases of intellectual disability in order to determine if an aberrant rate of protein synthesis is a common general mechanism leading to impairment in synaptic plasticity and to intellectual disability.
Macrodystrophia Lipomatosa Extending Into the Abdominal Wall and Breast: A Case Report
Authors: Liu Jian , Sun Jiaming , Guo Liang , Wang Zhenxing , Guo Nengqiang 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundMacrodystrophia lipomatosa is a rare nonhereditary congenital gigantism, characterized by overgrowth of mesenchymal and fibro-adipose tissue, affecting one or more digits of the extremities. Here, we report a rare case of macrodystrophia lipomatosa of the entire right lower limb with extension of hypertrophied fatty tissue into the abdominal wall and breast. Case presentationA 32 years old woman was born with abnormally elongated and thickened right leg, and the condition aggravated gradually. The disease was multiple, including the right leg, right abdominal wall, and the left breast were also involved. The patient mainly complained that she was unable to walk but with the knee flexed. Physical examination revealed that the elongation and thickening was proportional to the left leg, and the involved joints were malformed and dysfunction. X-ray and Computed tomography angiography (CTA) showed the bones and vessels were elongated and thickened, and the joints were hypertrophic and swollen. Amputation, volume reduction and liposuction was performed on the lesions. Histological examination could see abnormal fibro-fatty tissue hyperplasia, the adipocytes were invasive, and part of muscles presented fat degeneration. The lesions showed no recurrence for one year after surgery.ConclusionAfter reviewing the literature of the macrodystrophia lipomatosa, we believed that our case was rare because the hypertrophied fatty tissue extended into the abdominal wall and breast, which was different from former studies and had not been documented worldwide. This novel case will further deepens the understanding of this disease, and will be useful for clinicians in diagnosing it.
The nerve injuries interfere with the development of psoriasis
Authors: Qin Bi , Sun Chaonan , Chen Ling , Wang Siyu , Yang Jianing , Xie Zhen , Shen Zhu 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe involvement of the nerve in psoriasis development has been suggested by sporadic case or case serial reports.ObjectivesTo provide multiple evidence for the nerve in psoriasis development with a retrospective case review, a literature review and a mouse-based experimental study.MethodsPsoriatic patients who had concomitant nerve injuries and such cases from the literatures were reviewed. And, on wild-type mouse level, unilateral denervation surgery was performed on the dorsal skin before and after the induction of psoriasiform dermatitis, respectively. Lesion visual scores were calculated, and lesion biopsies were taken for hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, immunofluorescence analysis, and RNA sequencing & bioinformatics analysis at the time before denervation surgery and the 2nd, 4th, 6th, 8th day after the surgery. ResultsAll clincal cases (20/20) showed that local lesions under the control of injured nerves relieved spontaneously or even cleared/spared, and only about 1/3 experienced partial recurrence. Next, experimental study based on mouse model demonstrated that the unilateral denervation prior to imiquimod application interfered with the enhancement of inflammatory reactions (e.g. adaptive immune response and Th17 cell differentiation pathway) and the induction of ipsilateral psoriasiform dermatitis. On the other hand, the unilateral denervation after the induction of psoriasiform dermatitis promoted the regression of inflammatory reactions (e.g. T cell activation, TNF signaling, and Th17 cell differentiation pathway) and the recovery of ipsilateral dermatitis. ConclusionOur study based on both retrospective clinical case review and wild-type mouse experiments provides multiple evidence for the involvement of the nerve in psoriasis development. Regulation of immune events, including TNF signaling and Th17 cell differentiation, may be one of the mechanisms of the nerve in psoriasis.