bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Screening strategies for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Mearns Helen , Otiku Paul Kuodi , Shelton Mary , Kredo Tamara , Kagina Benjamin M. , Schmidt Bey-Marrié 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundThere is limited evidence on whether screening for type 2 diabetes mellitus affects health outcomes. A recent systematic review of randomised clinical trials found only one trial that met their inclusion criteria; therefore, current guidelines for screening interventions for type 2 diabetes mellitus are based on expert opinions and best practice rather than synthesised evidence. This systematic review seeks to collate evidence from non-randomised studies to investigate the effect of screening for adults with type 2 diabetes on outcomes including diabetes-related morbidity, mortality (all-cause and diabetes-related) and harms.MethodsThis systematic review will follow Effective Practice and Organisation of Care (EPOC) guidelines for the synthesis of non-randomised studies. We will search PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, Academic Search Premier and Health Source Nursing Academic (from inception onwards). We will include non-randomised trials, controlled before-after studies, interrupted time-series studies, repeated measures studies and concurrently controlled prospective cohort studies. The primary outcome will be diabetes-related morbidity (microvascular complications of diabetic retinopathy, nephropathy or neuropathy or macrovascular complications of non-fatal myocardial infarction, peripheral arterial disease or non-fatal stroke). The secondary outcomes will be mortality (all-cause and diabetes-related) and harms of screening strategies to patients (including psychological harms or adverse events following treatments) or to health care system (including resource allocation for false-positives or overdiagnosis). Two reviewers will independently screen all citations and full-text articles. Data will be abstracted by one reviewer and checked by a second. The risk of bias of individual studies will be appraised using the ROBINS-I tool. GRADE will be used to determine the quality of the scientific evidence. If feasible, we will conduct random effects meta-analysis where appropriate. If necessary, analyses will be conducted to explore the potential sources of heterogeneity (e.g. age, sex, socio-economic status, rural versus urban or low-middle income versus high-income country). We will disseminate the findings via publications and through relevant networks.DiscussionThe protocol outlines the methods for systematically reviewing and synthesising evidence of screening strategies for type 2 diabetes mellitus and their effect on health outcomes associated with the disease. The potential impact of this systematic review is improved evidence-informed decision-making for policies and practice for screening of type-2 diabetes.Systematic review registrationPROSPERO CRD42020147439
Towards secure and network state aware bitrate adaptation at IoT edge
Authors: Zeng Zeng , Che Hang , Miao Weiwei , Huang Jin , Tang Hao , Zhang Mingxuan , Zhang Shaqian 
Published: July 2020

AbstractVideo streaming is critical in IoT systems, enabling a variety of applications such as traffic monitoring and health caring. Traditional adaptive bitrate streaming (ABR) algorithms mainly focus on improving Internet video streaming quality where network conditions are relatively stable. These approaches, however, suffer from performance degradation at IoT edge. In IoT systems, the wireless channels are prone to interference and malicious attacks, which significantly impacts Quality-of-Experience (QoE) for video streaming applications. In this paper, we propose a secure and network-state-aware solution, SASA, to address these challenges. We first study the buffer-level constraint when increasing bitrate. We then analyze the impact of throughput overestimation in bitrate decisions. Based on these results, SASA is designed to consist of both an offline and an online phase. In the offline phase, SASA precomputes the best configurations of ABR algorithms under various network conditions. In the online phase, SASA adopts an online Bayesian changepoint detection method to detect network changes and apply precomputed configurations to make bitrate decisions. We implement SASA and evaluate its performance using 429 real network traces. We show that the SASA outperforms state-of-the-art ABR algorithms such as RobustMPC and Oboe in the IoT environment through extensive experiments.
Low-temperature large-area fabrication of ZnO nanowires on flexible plastic substrates by solution-processible metal-seeded hydrothermal growth
Authors: Yoo Kangeun , Lee Wonseok , Kang Kyungnam , Kim Inhwan , Kang Daehun , Oh Dong Kyo , Kim Min Cheol , Choi Hyunsik , Kim Kwangjun , Kim Minwook , Kim Jeong Dae , Park Inkyu , Ok Jong G. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe have developed the low-temperature conformal ZnO nanowire fabrication on flexible plastic substrates by utilizing the solution-processible metal seed-assisted hydrothermal ZnO crystallization. Structural evolution of ZnO nanowires controlled by major parameters involving growth temperature, growth time, and seed coating condition, has been systematically investigated towards uniform and large-area growth of conformal ZnO nanowires. Direct ZnO nanowire growth on flexible plastics without undergoing the high-temperature seed sintering has been realized by developing the low-temperature Ag-seeded hydrothermal ZnO nanowire growth. The nanoporous Ag layer favorable for ZnO crystal nucleation and continued nanowire growth can be reduced from the Ag ion solution coating at the temperature as low as 130 °C. This tactfully enables the selective hydrothermal growth of ZnO nanowires on the Ag patterns on flexible plastics. Such an all-solution-processible low-temperature fabrication protocol may provide an essential and practical solution to develop many diverse applications including wearable and transparent electronics, sensors, and photocatalytic devices. As one example, we demonstrate that a transparent UV sensor can be devised based on the ZNW growth on the Ag micromesh electrode.
The influence of simultaneous lateral grafting on clinical outcomes following one-stage implant placement: a cross-sectional analysis
Authors: Ramanauskaite Ausra , Schwarz Frank , Begic Amira , Parvini Puria , Galarraga-Vinueza Maria Elisa , Obreja Karina 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
To investigate the influence of lateral bone augmentation procedures performed simultaneously with implant placement on peri-implant health or disease.

Material and methods
A total of 232 patients showing the same type of a two-piece implant placed either simultaneously with lateral bone grafting using a bovine bone mineral and a native collagen membrane (n = 291 implants; test group) or at pristine bone sites without lateral bone grafting (n = 283 implants; control group) were enrolled in this cross-sectional analysis. Clinical outcomes (i.e., modified plaque index (mPI), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), and mucosal recession (MR)), and the frequency of peri-implant disease were evaluated after a mean follow-up period of 9.97 ± 6.55 years.

Results
No differences were found between the patients in the test and control groups for any of the parameters investigated (i.e., mPI, BOP, PD, and MR). For the implants in both groups, PD values of 4–6 mm were more frequently noted in the upper jaw. A significant correlation between increased PD values and a larger implant diameter was noted for test implant sites. A KM of < 2 mm was associated with increased MR values in both groups. The prevalence of peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis was 68% and 5% for the patients in the test group and 61% and 10% in the control group, respectively.

Conclusions
Simultaneous lateral grafting was associated with peri-implant tissue health and stability.
Hepatocellular carcinoma with ring calcification mimicking hydatid disease: a case report
Authors: Matsunaga Yutaro , Ariizumi Shunichi , Shibuya Go , Uemura Shuichiro , Kato Takaaki , Yazawa Takehisa , Yamashita Shingo , Omori Akiko , Higuchi Ryota , Takahashi Yutaka , Kotera Yoshihito , Egawa Hiroto , Yamamoto Masakazu 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Ring calcification in hepatocellular carcinoma is extremely rare. Untreated hepatocellular carcinoma occasionally includes calcified lesions. Here, we report a case of ring-calcified hepatocellular carcinoma.

Case presentation
A 60-year-old man with a hepatic tumor was referred to Tokyo Women’s Medical University Hospital. He had a history of chronic hepatitis C. Computed tomography showed a liver tumor 20 mm in diameter in segment 6 of the Couinaud classification, with ring calcification. Based on this uncommon imaging presentation and the patient’s past exposure to the definitive hosts of Echinococcus multilocularis, he was preoperatively diagnosed with echinococcosis. Partial hepatectomy was performed as a radical treatment for echinococcosis. A final diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma was confirmed based on pathological findings. The patient was discharged uneventfully.

Conclusion
The presentation of an extremely rare hepatocellular carcinoma with ring calcification may be disguised as hydatid disease.
Meeting report of the third annual Tri-Service Microbiome Consortium symposium
Authors: Karl J. Philip , Barbato Robyn A. , Doherty Laurel A. , Gautam Aarti , Glaven Sarah M. , Kokoska Robert J. , Leary Dagmar , Mickol Rebecca L. , Perisin Matthew A. , Hoisington Andrew J. , Van Opstal Edward J. , Varaljay Vanessa , Kelley-Loughnane Nancy , Mauzy Camilla A. , Goodson Michael S. , Soares Jason W. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe Tri-Service Microbiome Consortium (TSMC) was founded to enhance collaboration, coordination, and communication of microbiome research among U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) organizations and to facilitate resource, material and information sharing among consortium members. The 2019 annual symposium was held 22–24 October 2019 at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base in Dayton, OH. Presentations and discussions centered on microbiome-related topics within five broad thematic areas: 1) human microbiomes; 2) transitioning products into Warfighter solutions; 3) environmental microbiomes; 4) engineering microbiomes; and 5) microbiome simulation and characterization. Collectively, the symposium provided an update on the scope of current DoD microbiome research efforts, highlighted innovative research being done in academia and industry that can be leveraged by the DoD, and fostered collaborative opportunities. This report summarizes the presentations and outcomes of the 3rd annual TSMC symposium.
Successes and challenges of using a peer Mentor model for nutrition education within a food pantry: a qualitative study
Authors: Oliver Tracy L. , McKeever Amy , Shenkman Rebecca , Diewald Lisa K. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundDelivering nutrition education within an emergency food pantry (EFP) provides an opportunity to reach many food insecure households and underserved populations. However, little is known about using a peer mentor model, “Community Cooks,”as a modality to deliver nutrition education within this setting. This research aimed to identify the successes and challenges of using a peer mentor model within an EFP to better understand the best approaches to deliver nutrition education among community residents.MethodsIn spring 2018, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 11 peer mentors after they delivered a series of nutrition workshops to community members of the EFP. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Qualitative content analysis was used to analyze the data.ResultsAll peer mentors were women over 40 years-of-age, were recruited from the EFP community; most were high school graduates and currently received some form of federal nutrition assistance. All peer mentors reported that the“Community Cooks”nutrition education program offered many benefits. Key successes of the program included serving in the role as a peer mentor was an empowering experience which gave them a sense of community, purpose, and camaraderie; 2) the nutrition education was appropriately tailored towards those living with food insecurity; 3) the recipes required minimal cooking skills and included low-cost easily accessible foods available at the EFP. Key challenges of the program were the lack of community member engagement in the nutrition education workshops.ConclusionChallenges continue to exist when delivering nutrition education within a community EFP setting. While the use of peer mentors to deliver nutrition education messages is promising, more research is needed to quantify the impact of using a peer mentor model in underserved and food insecure communities.
To counter the rationality of sexual violence: existing and potential policies against the genocidal use of rape as a weapon of war in the Democratic Republic of Congo
Authors: van Wieringen Kjeld 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe population in the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) has been terrorized by widespread sexual violence for decades. Local armed groups, including the government army, continue to systematically rape civilians for strategic reasons. This paper argues that the discussed genocidal functions of rape as a weapon of war in the DRC can be neutralized or ‘de-functionalized’ by providing victims and targeted communities with safe abortion, anti-retroviral medication, reconstructive surgery and awareness programmes, thereby both responding to short-term humanitarian needs of victims and the need for long-term solutions to preventing further sexual violence.
Biochemical response to cryothermal and radiofrequency exposure of the human myocardium at surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Boano Gabriella , Aneq Meriam Åström , Spyrou Giannis , Enocsson Helena , Charitakis Emmanouil , Vánky Farkas 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Surgical cryothermia and radiofrequency (RF) ablations for atrial fibrillation (AF) seem to result in similar sinus rhythm restoration, but the biochemical consequences of the two methods are unclear. We aimed to compare the biochemical responses to the two ablative methods in concomitant mitral valve surgery (MVS).

Methods
Sixty mitral valve surgery patients with AF were prospectively included. Forty-one patients planned for ablation were randomized to cryothermia (n = 20) or radiofrequency (n = 21) ablation and 19 served as controls. Markers for myocardial injury, inflammation, cell stress, apoptosis, and heart failure were analyzed pre- and postoperatively at different time points.

Results
Troponin T and creatine kinase isoenzyme MB (CK-MB) peak levels were significantly higher in the cryothermia group compared with the RF group (12,805 [6140–15,700] vs. 2790 [1880–4180] ng/L; P = 0.002 and 271 [217–357] vs. 79 [66–93] μg/L; P < 0.001, respectively). Both groups had significantly higher levels than the no-ablation group. There were no group differences in C-reactive protein (CRP) and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), but there were correlations between pre- and postoperative levels of both CRP (rs = 0.41, P = 0.001) and NT-proBNP (rs = 0.48, P < 0.001). Protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR-1) and heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) were significantly increased in the cryoablation group.

Conclusions
Cryoablation results in a larger myocardial injury and possibly more elevated apoptotic activity and cell stress compared with the RF technique. The type of ablation device did not have any significant influence on the postoperative inflammatory response nor on the early postoperative levels of NT-proBNP.

Trial registration
DOI:10.1186/ISRCTN14454361. Registered 16 November 2014 – Retrospectively registered, http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN14454361
Engaging the communities in Wuhan, China during the COVID-19 outbreak
Authors: Zhu Jie , Cai Yi 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDuring the early stage of the COVID-19 outbreak in Wuhan, the lockdown of the densely-populated metropolis caused panic and disorderly behavior among its population. Community governance systems (CGSs) were mobilized to lead community engagement to address the challenges and issues brought about by the sudden quarantine measures, still unprecedented in any part of the world during that time. This commentary aims to describe and analyze the roles of the CGSs, its implementation of culturally-tailored strategies and the performance of new functions as called for by the outbreak. We will introduce the community governance structure which has two parallel administrative units of government including the branches of the Communist Party of China (CPC). The pandemic showed that the roles of the CGSs evolved and may continue to be improved in the future. It is important to engage the community and to have community-based approaches in addressing issues brought about by lockdowns. This community experience in Wuhan provides important lessons for the rest of the world.
A multicenter paper-based and web-based system for collecting patient-reported outcome measures in patients undergoing local treatment for prostate cancer: first experiences
Authors: Kowalski Christoph , Roth Rebecca , Carl Günther , Feick Günter , Oesterle Alisa , Hinkel Andreas , Steiner Thomas , Brock Marko , Kaftan Björn , Borowitz Rainer , Zantl Niko , Heidenreich Axel , Neisius Andreas , Darr Christopher , Bolenz Christian , Beyer Burkhard , Pfitzenmaier Jesco , Brehmer Bernhard , Fichtner Jan , Haben Björn , Wesselmann Simone , Dieng Sebastian 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Purpose
To give an overview of the multicenter Prostate Cancer Outcomes (PCO) study, involving paper-based and web-based collection of patient-reported outcome measures (PROM) in patients undergoing local treatment for prostate cancer in certified centers in Germany. The PCO study is part of the larger Movember-funded TrueNTH Global Registry. The article reports on the study’s design and provides a brief progress report after the first 2 years of data collection.

Methods
Prostate cancer centers (PCCs) certified according to German Cancer Society requirements were invited to participate in collecting patient-reported information on symptoms and function before and at least once (at 12 months) after treatment. The data were matched with disease and treatment information. This report describes progress in patient inclusion, response rate, and variations between centers relative to online/paper use, and also data quality, including recruitment variations relative to treatment in the first participating PCCs.

Results
PCC participation increased over time; 44 centers had transferred data for 3094 patients at the time of this report. Patient recruitment varied widely across centers. Recruitment was highest among patients undergoing radical prostatectomy. The completeness of the data was good, except for comorbidity information.

Conclusions
The PCO study benefits from a quality improvement system first established over 10 years ago, requiring collection and harmonization of a predefined clinical dataset across centers. Nevertheless, establishing a PROM routine requires substantial effort on the part of providers and constant monitoring in order to achieve high-quality data. The findings reported here may be useful for guiding implementation in similar initiatives.
Evaluating the outcome of classic laminectomy surgery alone versus laminectomy with fixation surgery in patients with lumbar canal stenosis regarding improvement of pain and function
Authors: El Tabl Mohamed A. , El Sisi Yasser B. , Al Emam Saeed E. , Hussen Mohamed A. , Saif Dalia S. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Management of lumbar canal stenosis should be started with conservative treatment and preferably with a multimodal approach, but in cases of severe pain with extensive neurogenic claudication symptoms, surgical intervention is indicated. This retrospective study targets to evaluate the outcome of classic laminectomy surgery alone versus laminectomy with fixation surgery in patients with lumbar canal stenosis regarding improvement of pain and function.

Methods
Data of 184 patients of the study groups were divided into group A (data from patients who underwent laminectomy and foraminotomy only) and group B (data from patients who underwent laminectomy and foraminotomy with spinal fixation). Preoperative, operative, postoperative (PO), and follow-up data were extracted and analyzed from files of patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria.

Results
Primary outcome was at least 50% improvement of pain severity regarding numeric rating scale (NRS) and Oswestry disability index (ODI) score at 6-months PO compared to preoperative scores. Operative time was significantly longer in group B than group A. Immediate PO data regarding PO analgesic requirement, amount of wound drainage, and PO hospital stay showed non-significant difference between both groups. There was a statically significant improvement of EHL muscle strength regarding Odom’s scoring in group B in which the success rate for pain improvement was 81.8% and for disability was 66.8%. There were insignificant differences in patient’s satisfaction to surgery with variable ages, a significant outcome in females and in patients with fewer levels of affection of both groups.

Conclusion
The present study reported the efficacy and safety of the laminectomy, foraminotomy, discectomy, and medial facetectomy with spinal fixation using trans-pedicular screws for management of patients with spinal canal stenosis.