bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ionic liquid based distributed touch sensor using electrical impedance tomography
Authors: Zhao T , Wu C , Soleimani M 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Inspired by the human skin sensory mechanism, there are growing interests in creating a sense of touch in robotics. This work describes a new impedance based design to create an artificial tactile sensing skin. It has demonstrated that the electrical impedance tomography imaging technique allows for detecting the pressure distribution in a large area by a distributed touch sensor. The sensor is fabricated by filling a circular shaped phantom with liquid conductor and covering with an elastic shell on the top. The proposed sensor can detect the pressure applied to the elastic top using electrical impedance tomography imaging method. The sensor can therefore operate as a touch sensor mimicking a piezo-impedance operation in a simple fashion. The new sensor can differentiate between various force levels and their locations and thus produces a distribution of pressure. Such a simple sensor can function as a large area skin, enabling smarter human-machine interactions in emerging augmented reality and robotic applications.
ANMCO POSITION PAPER: The management of suspect or confirmed COVID-19 patients needing urgent electrophysiology and/or electrostimulation procedures
Authors: Gulizia Michele Massimo , Zecchin Massimo , Colivicchi Furio , Francese Giuseppina Maura , Murrone Adriano , Caldarola Pasquale , Di Lenarda Andrea , Valente Serafina , Roncon Loris , Amodeo Enzo , Aspromonte Nadia , Cipriani Manlio Gianni , Domenicucci Stefano , Imazio Massimo , Scotto di Uccio Fortunato , Urbinati Stefano , Gabrielli Domenico 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The aim of this document is the management and organization of patients in need of urgent access to electrophysiology (EP) and pacing procedures during the COVID-19 emergency. Specifically, non-deferrable procedures or irreplaceable with a drug therapy prior to the resolution of the COVID-19 virus emergency [pacemaker (PM) implant/replacement/urgent defibrillator (implantable cardioverter-defibrillator, ICD) or arrhythmic storm or other indication of non-deferrable ablation]. The pacing and electrophysiological procedures urgent as they may be, less and less frequently represent situations of emergency, therefore for almost all cases, it is possible to perform a swab test to determine the positivity to COVID-19 of the patient. In cases where this is not possible, due to situations of emergency, the recommendations and procedures we have indicated are advisable, if not mandatory, in order to avoid the spreading of the virus to healthcare personnel and other patients.
Identifying patients who access musculoskeletal physical therapy: a retrospective cohort analysis
Authors: Sharpe Jason A , Martin Brook I , Fritz Julie M , Newman Michael G , Magel John , Vanneman Megan E , Thackeray Anne 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background
Musculoskeletal conditions are common and cause high levels of disability and costs. Physical therapy is recommended for many musculoskeletal conditions. Past research suggests that referral rates appear to have increased over time, but the rate of accessing a physical therapist appears unchanged.

Objective
Our retrospective cohort study describes the rate of physical therapy use after referral for a variety of musculoskeletal diagnoses while comparing users and non-users of physical therapy services after referral.

Methods
The study sample included patients in the University of Utah Health system who received care from a medical provider for a musculoskeletal condition. We included a comprehensive set of variables available in the electronic data warehouse possibly associated with attending physical therapy. Our primary analysis compared differences in patient factors between physical therapy users and non-users using Poisson regression.

Results
15 877 (16%) patients had a referral to physical therapy, and 3812 (24%) of these patients accessed physical therapy after referral. Most of the factors included in the model were associated with physical therapy use except for sex and number of comorbidities. The receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.63 suggesting poor predictability of the model but it is likely related to the heterogeneity of the sample.

Conclusions
We found that obesity, ethnicity, public insurance and urgent care referrals were associated with poor adherence to physical therapy referral. However, the limited predictive power of our model suggests a need for a deeper examination into factors that influence patients access to a physical therapist.
Punching Above its Weight: Current and Future Aging Policy in Malta
Authors: Formosa Marvin , Scerri Charles 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Malta has been at the forefront in aging policy and healthy aging development. It was the first country to highlight the need of a United Nations-led international action plan aimed at meeting the needs of an emerging global aging population. Through a number of initiatives, Malta has managed to put aging as a top priority on its national policy agenda. The country boasts of the longest life span spent in good health among all European Union countries with its inhabitants expected to live a significant portion of their life free of disability. Malta’s ranking in the Active Ageing Index experienced consistent improvements in the past decade, registering the sharpest progress in the European Union. In response to an increase in individuals with dementia, Malta was also among the first countries to adopt a national strategic policy for dementia. Notwithstanding such significant progress, Malta still lags behind in developing policy directions addressing gender inequalities and minority groups’ interests among its older population. Similar to other Southern European countries, Malta’s accelerated rate of population aging raises concerns with regard to economic growth, sustainability of effective health care and pension systems, and the well-being of older persons. Gender will also feature prominently in the future planning of long-term care policy as older women are projected to increase threefold in the foreseeable years with the high risk of poverty associated with older single and widowed women, implying that a few would be able to opt for private care.
The Impact of Intergenerational Engagement on Social Work Students’ Attitudes toward Aging: The Example of Clermont College
Authors: Steward Andrew , Hasche Leslie , Talamantes Michael , Bernhardt Moriah 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
As a response to our rapidly aging society, professional training programs in health care need to offer rich applied learning experiences with older adults and educate students about ageist attitudes. Health care professionals are likely to work with older adults in a variety of settings, yet ageist attitudes continue to be a barrier to workforce development. This study evaluated the effects of an intergenerational lifelong learning initiative as a way to decrease ageist attitudes in social work students. The research hypothesis was that intergenerational engagement would help reduce ageist attitudes of social work students. Paired samples t tests were conducted with 32 students through pre- and post-surveys of the ROPE (Relating to Old People Evaluation). Results indicated a significant decrease in ageist attitudes overall, in negative ageism, and in students’ self-report of behaviors such as complimenting older adults “despite their age” and avoiding older adults. Qualitative comments indicated significant changes in perception about the aging experience and increased awareness of ageist stereotypes. Overall, this pilot study offers an encouraging model that can be applied through future partnerships to reduce ageism of students in health care–related fields.
Persistent common arterial trunk with hexaleaflet truncal valve and intact ventricular septum
Authors: Sandoval Boburg Rodrigo , Hahn Julia Kelley , Hofbeck Michael , Schlensak Christian 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
We report a case of a 3-week-old infant who presented a heart murmur and low oxygen saturation. An echocardiography was performed and presented a common arterial trunk type B4 with an interrupted aortic arch and intact ventricular septum. We describe the surgical management and short-term follow-up.
Using individualized three-dimensional printed airway models to guide airway stent implantation
Authors: Xu Jesse , Sullivan Cameron , Ong Hui Xin , Williamson Jonathan P , Traini Daniela , Hersch Nicole , Byrom Michael , Young Paul M 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Airway stents are used to manage central airway obstructions by restoring airway patency. Current manufactured stents are limited in shape and size, which pose issues in stent fenestrations needed to be manually created to allow collateral ventilation to airway branches. The precise location to place these fenestrations can be difficult to predict based on 2-dimensional computed tomography images. Inspiratory computed tomography scans were obtained from 3 patients and analysed using 3D-Slicer™, Blender™ and AutoDesk® Meshmixer™ programmes to obtain working 3D-airway models, which were 3D printed. Stent customizations were made based on 3D-model dimensions, and fenestrations into the stent were cut. The modified stents were then inserted as per usual technique. Two patients reported improved airway performance; however, stents were later removed due to symptoms related to in-stent sputum retention. In a third patient, the stent was removed a few weeks later due to the persistence of fistula leakage. The use of a 3D-printed personalized airway model allowed for more precise stent customization, optimizing stent fit and allowing for cross-ventilation of branching airways. We determine that an airway model is a beneficial tool for stent optimization but does not prevent the development of some stent-related complications such as airway secretions.
Low-rank matrix completion and denoising under Poisson noise
Authors: McRae Andrew D , Davenport Mark A 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This paper considers the problem of estimating a low-rank matrix from the observation of all or a subset of its entries in the presence of Poisson noise. When we observe all entries, this is a problem of matrix denoising; when we observe only a subset of the entries, this is a problem of matrix completion. In both cases, we exploit an assumption that the underlying matrix is low-rank. Specifically, we analyse several estimators, including a constrained nuclear-norm minimization program, nuclear-norm regularized least squares and a non-convex constrained low-rank optimization problem. We show that for all three estimators, with high probability, we have an upper error bound (in the Frobenius norm error metric) that depends on the matrix rank, the fraction of the elements observed and the maximal row and column sums of the true matrix. We furthermore show that the above results are minimax optimal (within a universal constant) in classes of matrices with low-rank and bounded row and column sums. We also extend these results to handle the case of matrix multinomial denoising and completion.
Discrete Analogues in Harmonic Analysis: Directional Maximal Functions in ℤ2
Authors: Cladek Laura , Krause Ben 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Let $V = \{ v_1,\dots ,v_N\}\subset \mathbb{Z}^2$ be a collection of $N$ vectors that lie near a discrete sphere. We consider discrete directional maximal functions on $\mathbb{Z}^2$ where the set of directions lies in $V$, given by $$\begin{align*}& \sup_{v \in V, k \geq C \log N} \left| \sum_{n \in \mathbb{Z}} f(x-nv ) \phi_k(n) \right|, \ f:\mathbb{Z}^2 \to \mathbb{C},\end{align*}$$where $\phi _k(t):= 2^{-k} \phi (2^{-k} t)$ for some bump function $\phi$. Interestingly, the study of these operators leads one to consider an “arithmetic version” of a Kakeya-type problem in the plane, which we approach using a combination of geometric and number-theoretic methods. Motivated by the Furstenberg problem from geometric measure theory, we also consider a discrete directional maximal operator along polynomial orbits, $$\begin{align*}& \sup_{v \in V} \left| \sum_{n \in \mathbb{Z}} f(x-v\cdot P(n) ) \cdot \phi(n) \right|, \ P \in \mathbb{Z}[-].\end{align*}$$
Determination and Dietary Intake Risk Assessment of Pesticide Residues in Fritillariae Thunbergii Bulbs and Cultivated Soils
Authors: Zhang Qianke , Ge Qiqing , Zhang Zihan , Song Jiajin , Chen Shiyu , Zhang Houpu , Yu Yunlong , Mao Bizeng , Fang Hua 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background
Pesticide residues in traditional Chinese medicines pose a potential risk to human health. However, little is known about the characteristics of pesticide residues in the fritillariae thunbergii bulbs (FTB).

Objective
This study aims to establish a method for the determination of pesticide multi-residues in FTB and then measured their residual levels in the FTB collected from nine cultivation regions.

Methods
A modified QuEChERS method coupled with GC/UPLC was used to determine the residues of 24 pesticides in the FTB and soil samples.

Results
The recoveries of these pesticides at three concentrations were 72.17–112.48% in the FTB and 70.92–113.74% in the soil with RSD &lt; 11.83%, and the LOD and LOQ ranged from 0.005–10 μg/kg and 0.011–22 μg/kg, respectively. A total of 13 pesticide residues were detected in the FTB samples with the residual levels of 0.0011–509.63 μg/kg, which were all below the referred MRLs in other Chinese herbs or food. Meanwhile, dietary intake risk assessment showed that the risk of pesticide residues in the FTB was acceptable to consumers.

Conclusions
This study developed a method for the determination of pesticide multi-residues in the FTB and cultivated soil samples, and furthermore the dietary intake risk of pesticide residues in the FTB is safe.

Highlights
A modified QuEChERS method was established for the determination of 24 pesticides in the FTB with high sensitivity, accuracy, and precision.
Retrospective evaluation of risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy for BRCA1/2 pathogenic variant carriers among a cohort study in a single institution
Authors: Kobayashi Yusuke , Hirasawa Akira , Chiyoda Tatsuyuki , Ueki Arisa , Masuda Kenta , Misu Kumiko , Kawaida Miho , Hayashi Shigenori , Kataoka Fumio , Banno Kouji , Kosaki Kenjiro , Aoki Daisuke 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background
Risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy is performed for the primary prevention of ovarian cancer in patients with hereditary breast–ovarian cancer syndrome. We performed risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy for the first time in Japan in 2008, and we experienced 20 cases of risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy through 2019. In the past, the use of risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy in Japan was restricted because it was not covered by a Japanese National Health Insurance. Since April 2020, risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy has been covered by insurance for patients with breast–ovarian cancer syndrome and pre-existing breast cancer, and this surgery is expected to become more widely implemented in Japan.

Methods
To contribute to the widespread use of risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy in the future, we retrospectively reviewed 20 cases of risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy at our hospital cohort study to clarify the issues in its implementation.

Results
The variant genes for which risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy was indicated were BRCA1 and BRCA2 in 13 (65%) and 7 patients (35%), respectively. The median age at which risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy was performed was 49 years (range, 38–58), 13 patients (65%) had gone through menopause, and 16 patients (80%) had a history of breast cancer. Of the five patients (25%) with vasomotor symptoms, four received Chinese medicine, and only one received hormone replacement therapy. Occult cancer was detected in the removed ovaries in two patients (10%), although no postoperative peritoneal carcinogenesis has been observed to date.

Conclusions
Women who paid for risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy out of pocket were older than the recommended age at which the procedure should be performed, and this may explain the higher rate of occult cancers than previously reported. We need to perform risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy at the recommended age to ensure that the procedure is effective for primary prevention.
Coffee Intake and Colorectal Cancer Incidence According to T-Cell Response
Authors: Ugai Tomotaka , Haruki Koichiro , Väyrynen Juha P , Zhong Rong , Borowsky Jennifer , Fujiyoshi Kenji , Lau Mai Chan , Zhao Melissa , Akimoto Naohiko , Chang Tzuu-Wang , Kishikawa Junko , Arima Kota , Shi Shan-Shan , Gu Simeng , Fuchs Charles S , Giovannucci Edward L , Giannakis Marios , Zhang Xuehong , Song Mingyang , Meyerhardt Jeffrey A , Wang Molin , Nowak Jonathan A , Ogino Shuji 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
We hypothesized that the associations between coffee intake and colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence might differ by immune cell densities in CRC tissue. Using the Nurses’ Health Study and the Health Professionals Follow-up Study, we examined the association of coffee intake with incidence of CRC classified by intraepithelial or stromal T-cell subset densities by multiplex immunofluorescence assay for CD3, CD4, CD8, CD45RO (PTPRC), and FOXP3. We applied an inverse probability-weighted Cox proportional hazardsregression model to control for selection bias and potential confounders. During follow-up of 133 924 participants (3 585 019 person-years), we documented 3161 incident CRC cases, including 908 CRC cases with available data on T-cell densities in tumor tissue. The association between coffee intake and CRC was not statistically significantly different by intraepithelial or stroma T-cell subset (Pheterogeneity &gt; .38). Hence, there is no sufficient evidence for differential effect of coffee intake on incidence of CRC subtypes classified by T-cell infiltrates.
Ideology, Unionization, and Personnel Politics in the Federal Budget Process
Authors: Bolton Alexander 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis article studies how administrations seek to shape the federal workforce through the budget process. I develop a theory of personnel politics in which presidents balance ideological and interest group demands in distributing human resources across the federal government. I argue administrations advantage organizations with which they are ideologically aligned and that agencies with higher levels of union penetration see increased budgeted personnel levels, particularly during Democratic presidencies. Using an original dataset of budgeted personnel levels from fiscal years (FY) 1983–2016 and a series of regression analyses, I find strong support for these hypotheses. I also examine the sensitivity of presidential strategy to congressional preferences, agency professionalization, and leadership politicization, providing insights into how this control strategy interacts with the broader environment. Overall, these results have implications for understanding the political dynamics of human capital and capacity in the federal bureaucracy, the administrative presidency, and the politics of performance in federal agencies.
Forever a profession in the making? The intermediate status of project managers in Germany
Authors: Nicklich Manuel , Braun Timo , Fortwengel Johann 
Published: August 2020

AbstractResearch typically finds that several new professions are barely institutionalized. Labels such as ‘semi-profession’, ‘emerging profession’, or ‘commercialized profession’ have been developed to capture this notion of professions in the making. Yet there is limited understanding of the factors contributing to such an intermediate status. Employing a relational perspective on professions, we study the case of project managers in Germany to shed light on the underlying reasons for this limited institutionalization. We show how project managers in Germany face a particular field of relations populated by various stakeholders, including neighboring occupations embedded in existing institutional structures, which helps explain their sustained status as a profession in the making. Our study contributes to the literature by revealing the reasons for this limited institutionalization, and by offering a positive mapping of professions in the making, as opposed to seeing them either as failed professionalization projects or merely as a stage in the process toward full professionalization.
Small bowel intussusception in marijuana users
Authors: Kakish Daniel , Alaoudi Marwan , Welch Brian , Fan David , Meghpara Melissa , Mandava Nageswara , Kumthekar Narendra 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Intussusception occurs when one portion of bowel ‘telescopes’ into another due to a lead point created by a range of benign or pathologic process. Intussusception mostly occurs in children. Although adult intussusception (AI) is rare, accounting for &lt;5% of intestinal obstructions, it is more concerning in adults as malignancy accounts for nearly 65% of lead points in AI. Patients present with severe abdominal pain concerning for an acute abdomen along with a degree of bowel obstruction. We have experienced a total of 11 patients within recent years presenting with symptoms of an acute abdomen due to AI. None of these patients were found to have a pathologic process creating a lead point. However, we found that all of them were marijuana users. In this report, we compare their management, hospital course and review of the literature discussing proposed mechanisms that suggest an association between cannabis and intussusception.
Epigenetic regulation of geminivirus pathogenesis: a case of relentless recalibration of defence responses in plants
Authors: Zarreen Fauzia , Chakraborty Supriya 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Geminiviruses constitute one of the largest families of plant viruses and they infect many economically important crops. The proteins encoded by the single-stranded DNA genome of these viruses interact with a wide range of host proteins to cause global dysregulation of cellular processes and help establish infection in the host. Geminiviruses have evolved numerous mechanisms to exploit host epigenetic processes to ensure the replication and survival of the viral genome. Here, we review our current knowledge of diverse epigenetic processes that have been implicated in the regulation of geminivirus pathogenesis, including DNA methylation, histone post-transcriptional modification, chromatin remodelling, and nucleosome repositioning. In addition, we discuss the currently limited evidence of host epigenetic defence responses that are aimed at counteracting geminivirus infection, and the potential for exploiting these responses for the generation of resistance against geminiviruses in crop species.