bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How Contact with French Drove Patient‐Lability in English
Authors: Ingham Richard 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis paper examines whether the argument structure of English verbs of change of state/location was influenced by contact. Scandinavian as a source of influence is rejected for not having had suitable properties. In Old French, including its insular variety, Anglo‐Norman, verbs of change of state/location were labile in the late 13th and 14th c., the period of contact via intense bilingualism. It is proposed that contact with Old French provided models for the generalisation of lability across these English verb classes. Using standard lexicographical resources, change‐of‐state/location verbs are shown to display a great expansion of lability after Old English, reaching a level of 75 per cent attestation of such verbs as labile by 15th c. Middle English. This outcome is taken to be an effect on English of the later medieval bilingual contact situation in England, where French was increasingly used by bilingual speakers, who replicated in English the argument realisations of French verbs expressing change‐of‐state/location concepts. The effect was particularly strong with French loan verbs, where contact influence involved borrowing not only forms and their semantic denotation, but also the borrowed verb's argument structure; lability also increased very markedly with native verbs.
Agency and Sovereignty: Georges Bataille's Anti-Humanist Conception of Child
Authors: Hunter Sharon 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Georges Bataille (1887–1962) is one of the most significant thinkers of the 20th century, whose anti-humanist anthropology influenced subsequent existentialist and post-structuralist philosophy. His wide-ranging writings (across philosophy, archaeology, economics, sociology, poetry, erotica and history of art) frequently mention children, childhood and childishness, and yet there has hitherto been little to no attention paid to this aspect of his work. This article opens up a neglected theme in Bataille studies, and also explores the consequences of Bataille's presentation of the human condition for our understanding of the pedagogical relationship. Of particular interest is the idea of the agentic child, which occupies such an important place in childhood studies, educational theory and public policy. In the light of Bataille's anthropology, I shall explore the idea that the pursuit of children's agency is the victim of its vaunting ambition.
Governance assessment of small‐scale inland fishing: The case of Lake Itezhi‐Tezhi, Zambia
Authors: Kapembwa Sydney , Gardiner Alan , Pétursson Jόn G. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe small‐scale fishing sector in sub‐Saharan Africa is experiencing multiple challenges, mainly related to various governance issues. This study assessed the governance approach at a small‐scale Lake Itezhi‐Tezhi fishery, Zambia and how it relates to sustainable fishing. Data were collected through a mixed‐methods approach. The governance approach was assessed by legitimacy criterion. The study revealed that there was no co‐management in place but a dual governance approach—fishing community‐based approach and central government‐controlled approach. Both were ineffective, mainly due to lack of adherence to the legislation for local community participation in fisheries governance and an inadequate policy framework to guide the governance process. Also, the governance approaches lacked legitimacy with stakeholders. As such, unsustainable fishing practices had continued. To move towards sustainable fishing at the fishery, the study suggested the following measures: active stakeholders' collaboration and engagement with the government for prompt implementation of legislation that promotes active local fishers' participation; establishment of an appropriate fisheries policy; and ultimately, a transformation of the current governance approach into a legitimate co‐management governance approach. These suggested recommendations might be useful to other African small‐scale inland fisheries with similar governance challenges, and also towards meeting Sustainable Development Goal 14 on sustainable fishing.
Association of obesity with inflammation, disease severity and cardiovascular risk factors among patients with ankylosing spondylitis
Authors: Chen Chun‐Hsiung , Chen Hung‐An , Liu Chin‐Hsiu , Liao Hsien‐Tzung , Chou Chung‐Tei , Chen Chen‐Hung 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAimTo investigate total and central obesity in ankylosing spondylitis (AS), and assess the association with inflammation, disease severity and cardiovascular risk factors.MethodsThere were 105 AS patients enrolled. Anthropometry was measured to determine total (body mass index [BMI]) and central obesity (waist circumference [WC], waist‐to‐height ratio [WHtR]). We evaluated patients’ disease activity, functional ability, global assessment, physical mobility, radiographic damage and health index. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C‐reactive protein (CRP) and blood biochemistry profile were tested. Retrospective radiographic change was assessed in 39 patients. Presence of diabetes and hypertension were examined.ResultsThe obese AS patients had higher inflammation (CRP), disease activity (Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score [ASDAS] ‐ CRP), physical mobility (Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Metrology Index [BASMI]), radiographic damage (modified Stoke Ankylosing Spondylitis Spinal Score [m‐SASSS]), liver function and blood pressure (all P < .05). Obesity (BMI, WC, WHtR) positively correlated with inflammation (CRP), physical mobility (BASMI), radiographic damage (m‐SASSS), health index (Assessment of SpondyloArthritis International Society Health Index), liver function and blood pressure (all P < .05). Moreover, presence of central obesity (WC, WHtR) had correlation with disease activity (ASDAS‐CRP) (r = .218, P = .027; r = .221, P = .025), and predicted longitudinal radiographic change (m‐SASSS) (standard coefficient = 0.300, P = .041; standard coefficient = 0.288, P = .045). Importantly, central obesity was better in predicting high inflammation, disease activity, physical mobility, radiographic damage and health index in AS, and WHtR was the best for predicting m‐SASSS (area under the curve = 0.734, P < .001). Obesity was associated with increased risk of diabetes and hypertension in AS.ConclusionObesity was associated with higher inflammation, disease activity, physical mobility, radiographic damage, health index, liver function and cardiovascular risk factors in AS. Central obesity could predict a patient's longitudinal radiographic change. Central obesity is a useful predictor for high disease severity in AS.
Efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitor consolidation after chemoradiation in patients of Asian ethnicity with unresectable stage III non‐small cell lung cancer: Chinese multicenter report and literature review
Authors: Zhang Tao , Xu Kunpeng , Bi Nan , Zhang Li , Jiang Wei , Liang Jun , Deng Lei , Wang Xin , Wang Jianyang , Wang Jie , Wang Luhua 
Published: August 2020

BackgroundThe PACIFIC study has defined a new standard of care for patients with unresectable stage III non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in the form of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) consolidation therapy. However, there is little specific data pertaining to the safety and efficacy of this approach in Chinese NSCLC patients.MethodsThis was a prospective multicenter cohort study. Between September 2018 and January 2020, patients with unresectable stage III NSCLC that had undergone chemoradiation therapy (CRT) and ICI consolidation treatment were enrolled in this study. The short‐term safety, tolerability, and efficacy of ICI combination with CRT were evaluated in these patients.ResultsOf the 20 Chinese patients eligible for inclusion, 17 (85.0%) underwent concurrent CRT treatment. In these patients, a median period of 40.5 days (range: 1–85 days) passed between the end of CRT and initiation of consolidation therapy. Pneumonitis occurred in 80.0% of patients, with seven (35.0%) being diagnosed with grade 1 pneumonitis and nine (45.0%) with grade 2 pneumonitis. No patients experienced grade 3 or higher pneumonitis or other ICI‐related toxicities. Lung V20 ≥ 20% was associated with higher grade 2 pneumonitis (77.8%; ≥20% vs. 18.2%; <20%, P = 0.027). The overall response rate (ORR) in these patients was 95.0%. Over a median follow‐up period of 11.3 months (range: 6.2–21.8 months), 12‐month PFS of these patients were 89.5% (95% CI: 76.7–100.0%), and 12 months OS was 100.0%.ConclusionsThese data indicate that ICI consolidation therapy can achieve favorable short‐term efficacy, while exhibiting good safety and acceptable toxicity profiles in Chinese patients with unresectable stage III NSCLC.Key pointsSignificant findings of the studyThis is the first report evaluating the safety and efficacy of ICI consolidation therapy after chemoradiotherapy in China. Our results indicate that ICI consolidation is associated with favorable efficacy and no severe pneumonitis incidence in Chinese patients undergoing both anti‐PD‐1 and anti‐PD‐L1 monoclonal antibody consolidation.What this study addsPost‐hoc analysis of the Japanese subgroup in the PACIFIC study suggested that consolidation therapy may be associated with increased pneumonitis incidence in Asian patients. However, our findings indicate that consolidation therapy is safe and tolerable in Chinese patients with unresectable stage III NSCLC.
Assessment of the impact of implementation of a zero blood alcohol concentration law in Uruguay on moderate/severe injury and fatal crashes: a quasi‐experimental study
Authors: Davenport Steven , Robbins Michael , Cerdá Magdalena , Rivera‐Aguirre Ariadne , Kilmer Beau 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackground and aimsDebates regarding lowering the blood alcohol concentration (BAC) limit for drivers are intensifying in the United States and other countries, and the World Health Organization recommends that the limit for adults should be 0.05%. In January 2016, Uruguay implemented a law setting a zero BAC limit for all drivers. This study aimed to assess the effect of this policy on the frequency of moderate/severe injury and fatal traffic crashes.DesignA quasi‐experimental study in which a synthetic control model was used with controls consisting of local areas in Chile as the counterfactual for outcomes in Uruguay, matched across population counts and pre‐intervention period outcomes. Sensitivity analyses were also conducted.SettingUruguay and Chile.CasesPanel data with crash counts by outcome per locality‐month (2013–2017).Intervention and comparatorA zero blood alcohol concentration law implemented on 9 January 2016 in Uruguay, alongside a continued 0.03 g/dl BAC threshold in Chile.MeasurementsPer‐capita moderate/severe injury (i.e. moderate or severe), severe injury and fatal crashes (2013–2017).FindingsOur base synthetic control model results suggested a reduction in fatal crashes at 12 months [20.9%;P‐value = 0.018, 95% confidence interval (CI) = −0.340, −0.061]. Moderate/severe injury crashes did not decrease significantly (10.2%,P = 0.312, 95% CI = −0.282, 0.075). The estimated effect at 24 months was smaller and with larger confidence intervals for fatal crashes (14%;P = 0.048, 95% CI = −0.246, −0.026) and largely unchanged for moderate/severe injury crashes (−9.4%,P = 0.302, 95% CI = −0.248, 0.058). Difference‐in‐differences analyses yielded similar results. As a sensitivity test, a synthetic control model relying on an inferior treatment–control match pre‐intervention (measured by mean squared error) yielded similar‐sized differences that were not statistically significant.ConclusionsImplementation of a law setting a zero blood alcohol concentration threshold for all drivers in Uruguay appears to have resulted in a reduction in fatal crashes during the following 12 and 24 months.
(Dis)placement of Anthropological Legal Activism, Racial Justice and the Ejido Tila, Mexico
Authors: Mora Mariana 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACTThrough an analysis of a land‐dispute case involving indigenous Ch´ol community members in the state of Chiapas, Mexico, this article critically examines the role of anthropological knowledge in the production of the judicial arena as a terrain through which are disputed not only collective rights claims but also a sense of justice. The case of the Ch´olejido, or communal land holding, of Tila reached Mexico's Supreme Court in 2010. Yet five years later, tired of the excruciatingly slow pace of the judicial apparatus, Ch´olejidoauthorities rendered their own verdict by way of an assembly decision that reclaimed the 130 hectares under dispute as their own. This para‐state legal verdict unsettled the pre‐ascribed role of different political actors—the state judicial apparatus, human rights organizations, and anthropologists—whose interplay grants certain cohesion and sediment to the current judicial arena in the country when indigenous communities are implicated. The assembly decision and subsequent actions in theejidoTila displaced these actors, including the Supreme Court judges, and in doing so rendered visible the racialized hierarchies that neither human rights organizations nor anthropologists were effectively able to subvert. [legal activism, cultural expert witness reports, Indigenous territorial claims, racial justice, Latin America]
Establishing an objective biomarker for corneal cystinosis using a threshold‐based Spectral domain optical coherence tomography imaging algorithm
Authors: Keidel Leonie , Elhardt Carolin , Hohenfellner Katharina , Priglinger Siegfried , Schworm Benedikt , Wertheimer Christian , Priglinger Claudia , Luft Nikolaus 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of the present study was to establish a semi‐automated threshold‐based image segmentation algorithm to detect and objectively quantify corneal cystine crystal deposition in ocular cystinosis with anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS‐OCT).MethodsThis prospective, observational, comparative study included 88 eyes of 45 patients from the German Cystinosis Registry Study as well as 68 eyes of 35 healthy control subjects. All eyes were imaged with AS‐OCT (Cirrus HD‐OCT 5000, Carl Zeiss Meditec AG, Jena, Germany). As an initial step, B‐scan images were subjectively analysed for typical changes in morphology in comparison to healthy controls. Based on the experience gained, an objective semi‐automated B‐scan image segmentation algorithm was developed using a grey scale value‐based threshold method to automatically quantify corneal crystals.ResultsOn AS‐OCT B‐scans, corneal crystals appeared as hyperreflective deposits within the corneal stroma. The crystals were distributed either in all stromal layers (43 eyes, 49%) or confined to the anterior (23 eyes, 26%) or posterior stroma (22 eyes, 25%), respectively. The novel automatic B‐scan image segmentation algorithm was most efficient in delineating corneal crystals at higher grey scale thresholds (e.g. 226 of a maximum of 255). Significant differences in suprathreshold grey scale pixels were observable between cystinosis patients and healthy controls (p < 0.001). In addition, the algorithm was able to detect an age‐dependent depth distribution profile of crystal deposition.ConclusionObjective quantification of corneal cystine crystal deposition is feasible with AS‐OCT and can serve as a novel biomarker for ocular disease control and topical treatment monitoring.
Status of mental health and its associated factors among the general populace of India during COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Venugopal Vaishali C. , Mohan Arunkumar , Chennabasappa Latha K. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe COVID‐19 is an international public health emergency and threatens psychological resilience. Here we assess the general health status of the public in India during the COVID‐19 outbreak. A population‐based cross‐sectional study conducted using a General Health Questionnaire and the relationship between mental health and sociodemographic factors were analyzed. The mean score for the general health of citizens was 24.18. About 40.63% of the elderly and 40.18% of the female population was under severe physiological distress. The prevalence of psychological stress among the general population was higher than expected. Hence, there is a need to intensify awareness about the pandemic and should provide mental health management programs.
Enhanced Klotho availability protects against cardiac dysfunction induced by uraemic cardiomyopathy by regulating Ca2+ handling
Authors: Navarro‐García José Alberto , Rueda Angélica , Romero‐García Tatiana , Aceves‐Ripoll Jennifer , Rodríguez‐Sánchez Elena , González‐Lafuente Laura , Zaragoza Carlos , Fernández‐Velasco María , Kuro‐o Makoto , Ruilope Luis M. , Ruiz‐Hurtado Gema 
Published: August 2020

Background and PurposeKlotho is a membrane‐bound or soluble protein, originally identified as an age‐suppressing factor and regulator of mineral metabolism. Klotho deficiency is associated with the development of renal disease, but its role in cardiac function in the context of uraemic cardiomyopathy is unknown.Experimental ApproachWe explored the effects of Klotho on cardiac Ca2+ cycling. We analysed Ca2+ handling in adult cardiomyocytes from Klotho‐deficient (kl/kl) mice and from a murine model of 5/6 nephrectomy (Nfx). We also studied the effect of exogenous Klotho supplementation, by chronic recombinant Klotho treatment, or endogenous Klotho overexpression, using transgenic mice overexpressing Klotho (Tg‐Kl), on uraemic cardiomyopathy. Hearts from Nfx mice were used to study Ca2+ sensitivity of ryanodine receptors and their phosphorylation state.Key ResultsCardiomyocytes from kl/kl mice showed decreased amplitude of intracellular Ca2+ transients and cellular shortening together with an increase in pro‐arrhythmic Ca2+ events compared with cells from wild‐type mice. Cardiomyocytes from Nfx mice exhibited the same impairment in Ca2+ cycling as kl/kl mice. Changes in Nfx cardiomyocytes were explained by higher sensitivity of ryanodine receptors to Ca2+ and their increased phosphorylation at the calmodulin kinase type II and protein kinase A sites. Ca2+ mishandling in Nfx‐treated mice was fully prevented by chronic recombinant Klotho administration or transgenic Klotho overexpression.Conclusions and ImplicationsKlotho emerges as an attractive therapeutic tool to improve cardiac Ca2+ mishandling observed in uraemic cardiomyopathy. Strategies that improve Klotho availability are good candidates to protect the heart from functional cardiac alterations in renal disease.
Something is not quite right: Effects of two land uses on anuran diversity in subtropical grasslands
Authors: Moreira Leonardo Felipe Bairos , de Castilhos Henrique Zanette , Castroviejo‐Fisher Santiago 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAlthough habitat modification is considered one of the main causes of biodiversity loss, the relative contribution of different rural land uses to biodiversity conservation is far less known. Additionally, the realization of the multidimensionality of biodiversity demands studies integrating variation of functional traits and phylogenetic information as complements to address the effects of land use on the structure of animal communities. Herein, we investigated the effects of land use (i.e., intensive agricultural and extensive livestock rearing) on functional and phylogenetic diversity of anuran communities in farmland ponds from the Uruguayan savanna ecoregion, while considering the effects of local factors (i.e., water depth) on species composition. We surveyed adults and tadpoles in 22 ponds and quantified five traits related to tadpole feeding, habitat use, and predator avoidance. Tadpole identification was corroborated by DNA barcoding based on a fragment of the mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene. We observed a decline in phylogenetic mean nearest taxon distance associated with increase of surrounding agricultural land use. While land use intensification did not affect richness (functional or phylogenetic), ponds in livestock ranches hosted about four times more tadpoles than agricultural ponds. Functional evenness decreased with water depth, although such relationship disappeared when considering phylogenetic non‐independence. Our results indicated that specific anuran clades were more sensitive to intensification in land use, reinforcing a recent view of phylogenetic homogenization following habitat conversion. Additionally, our study suggests that extensive cattle grazing over wide native pastures may provide an alternative more compatible with conservation than short‐term crops in subtropical grasslands.Abstract in Portuguese is available with online material.
Parents' perceptions of a group‐based parenting programme in families with child protection and other family support services in a real‐life setting
Authors: Karjalainen Piia , Kiviruusu Olli , Santalahti Päivi , Aronen Eeva T. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study was to assess parents' satisfaction and perceived usefulness of the Incredible Years® (IY®) parenting programme in the Child Protection Services (CPS) context, where children's behaviour problems are common. Evidence‐based programmes are rarely offered in CPS, and little is known about how they are perceived by parents. We compared parents (N = 62) with (N = 43) and without (N = 19) CPS contact regarding their satisfaction with the IY® parenting programme, with information gathered from weekly and final evaluation forms. The attendance rate of parents to the weekly sessions (max 19) was also calculated. Comparisons between CPS and non‐CPS clients were analysed using multilevel models. Satisfaction scores ranged between 5.8 and 6.2 (max 7) for all studied domains. Mean attendance rate to the group sessions was 11.5 (SD 5.9), and 74% of participants attended at least nine out of 19 sessions. No group differences emerged in satisfaction or attendance between CPS and non‐CPS parents. Parents in CPS committed well to the programme and found it as useful as parents without CPS contact. IY® appears to be acceptable to parents involved in CPS, and their engagement to the programme can be considered as reasonably good.
Patient perspectives on psychological care after bariatric surgery: A qualitative study
Authors: Chan Jade K. Y. , King Marlee , Vartanian Lenny R. 
Published: August 2020

SummaryPsychological interventions may be effective in improving adherence after bariatric surgery; however, there is limited research on patients' willingness to engage with psychological aftercare. This study aimed to qualitatively explore patient perspectives on psychological services in the bariatric setting. Participants reported believing that psychological care is essential for treatment success and indicated that they wanted support with adjusting to changes in lifestyle, self‐identity, and relationships after surgery. Participants suggested that psychological aftercare should be recommended by their medical team and incorporated into standard management after bariatric surgery. These findings can be used to inform the design of services for bariatric surgery patients.