bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
الكشف عن تواجد الفطريات في بعض الأغذية المنتجة محليا والمستوردة )دراسة أولية)
Authors: القمودي خولة عبد السلام , الشرشاري مروى عبد الوهاب , البكوش مودة الكوني , كاكا نهى البشير , هويسه سارة عبد الرحمن , الجهاني أسماء النفاتي , عامر ابتسام عمر 
Published: November 2020

تعد البقوليات بديلاً عن اللحوم لاحتوائها على نسبة عالية من البروتينات، وتدخل في العديد من وصفات الطعام. ويعتبر سوء التخزين من العوامل التي تؤدي إلى زيادة نمو الميكروبات والجراثيم خاصّة الفطريات التي تعمل على إفراز السموم بالأطعمة مما يؤدي إلى إتلافها.
الكشف عن تواجد الفطريات في الأغذية المنتجة محلياً والمستوردة وشملت كلا من التوابل كالفلفل وبذور الحمص وثمار التمر المعروضة للبيع بالأسواق.
جمعت العينات الغذائية بمنطقه الدراسة لكل من الصنف المحلي والمستورد، في أوعية معقمة لعدد ثلاث عينات من كل نوع تضمنت ( بذور الحمص والفلفل الأحمر والتمر) بمعدل وزني مقداره 500 غرام لكل عينة.
ووضعت في كل من بيئة الآجار المغذية وماء الببتون لمدة 6 ساعات ومنها زرعت العينات على أوساط إنمائية وتشخيصية Potato dextrose agar Sabouraud Dextrose Agar لنمو الميكروبات (فطور وخمائر) وحضنت في 025م درجة مئوية لمدة 5 أيام، بعد الحصول على المزارع النقية حضرت العينة الفطرية للفحص المجهري للفطور.
أظهرت نتائج العزل وجود خمسة أنواع من الفطريات بالعينات المدروسة حيث تبين أنّ كافة عينات بذور الحمص ملوثة بينما لوحظ أنّ عينات الفلفل الأحمر المستورد ملوثة أكثر من الفلفل المحلي. كما لوحظ عدم تلوث عينة واحدة من أصل عدد ثلاث عينات لثمار التمر. هذا وشملت الفحوص المجهرية للعزل الفطريات التالية: Alternaria alternata، ,Fusarium oxysporum Rhizopus spp، Aspergillus flavus و Aspergillus niger . وتشير النتائج إلى أن المواد الغذائية تتعرض للتلوث نتيجة لعدم إتباع الطرق الصحيحة في التخزين والعرض بالأسواق.
يجب على مراكز التغّذية الاهتمام بالمواد الغذائية المستوردة بأن تخضع لشروط الصحة العامة بالجودة والقياس لتكون سليمة وصالحة للاستهلاك وكذلك نشر الوعي الثقافي للمستهلكين والموزعين في الحفاظ على الصحة الغذائية والتوصية أيضا باستكمال الدراسة بإجراء مسح شامل لعدد عينات أكثر والتعرف على سمية الفطريات المعزولة.
HANKEL DETERMINANT FOR CERTAIN SUBCLASS OF ANALYTIC FUNCTIONS ASSOIATED WITH GENERALIZED SRIVASTAVA–ATTIYA OPERATOR
Authors: Alkabaily Somaya Mohammed , Alabbar Nagat Muftah 
Published: November 2020

This paper is to introduce a certain class of analytic functions denoted by which is defined by generalized Srivastava – Attiya operator. This operator is associated with Hurwitz-Lerch Zeta function, obtain an upper bound to the second Hankel determinant for the class .
ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF THERMAL DESALINATION PLANTS USING DEAS PROGRAM
Authors: Al-Hengari Salah , El-Bousiffi Mohamed , El-Moudir Walid 
Published: November 2020

This paper provides an overview of the potential use of Desalination Economic Analysis Spreadsheets DEAS package; implemented as Excel spreadsheets in economic evaluation and analysis of thermal desalination plants; especially multi stage flashing (MSF) and multi effect evaporation with / without thermal vapor compression (MEE / MEE-TVC). The DEAS package program has been developed by the researchers. DEAS has been developed and used during the evaluation of thermal desalination plants in the oil sector in Libya. Cost data obtained from various sources were used to evaluate the economic performance and the cost of producing one m3 of distillate water. Different aspects of economic evaluation were discussed in which the attractive potential utilization of DEAS program is shown. The results obtained from DEAS program showed that the increase of plant capacity (although it increased the capital cost) reduced the product unit cost. In addition, an estimate of the unit product cost of thermal desalination processes could be done quickly and accurately through DEAS.
تطبيقات البرمجه الخطية باستخدام طريقة السمبلكس ذات المرحلتين
Authors: امبيرش أسماء عمر علي , الكواش زينب العربي , زلي سعاد مولود 
Published: November 2020

نبحث في هذه الورقة تطبيقات البرمجة الخطية في نماذج النقل وخصوصا عند وجود مشاكل للإنتاج الأمثل؛ حيث قمنا بمقارنة بين الطرق الحديثة للوصول إلى تعظيم الأرباح باستخدام البرمجة الخطية الحديثة ومعرفة كيفية تحويل المدخلات المتاحة إلى معادلات رياضية يمكن حلها بسهولة، ويتم ذلك من خلال بناء نموذج رياضي لمشكلة البرمجة الخطية حيث تعجز طرق الحل الاعتيادية عن حل نموذج البرمجة لعدة مراحل. وقد تم استخدام برنامج LINDO و وبرنامج WINQSB ومقارنته بطريقة السمبلكس ذات المرحلتين للوصول للحل الامثل. وتم التطبيق في شركة مرسى زواغة لتعليب الأسماك في دولة ليبيا / مدينة صبراته.
عزل وتعريف واختبار كفاءة بعض الفطريات في تحلل الهيدروكربون من التربة الملوثة بالنفط
Authors: أبوالغيث سعاد محمد خليفة , زعيط أحلام القمودي محمد 
Published: November 2020

استهدفت هذه الدراسة عزل بعض أنواع الفطريات من التربة الملوثة بالهيدروكربون بمصفاة الزاوية لتكرير النفط، حيث تم عزل وتعريف بعض الفطريات مثل Rhizopus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus nidulans وأوضحت نتائج هذه الدراسة أن تواجد وتنوع فطر Aspergillus قد تفوق معنويا مقارنة بتواجد وتنوع فطرRhizopus. كما تم في هذه الدراسة اختبار قدرة وكفاءة الفطريات المعزولة على النمو واستغلال المركبات الهيدروكربونية المتمثلة في زيت الحمادة وزيت الشرارة بتركيز 1% و3%، حيث أوضحت النتائج بأن جنس Rhizopus سجل أعلى معدل للنمو على الوسط الغذائي Malt Extract Agar، وسجل كلا من فطر A. fumigatus وفطر A. flavus معدّل النمو القطري أعلى معنويا من النمو القطري لفطرA. niger وفطر A. nidulans. هذه المعدّلات العالية تدل على إمكانية استخدام الفطريات المعزولة في المعالجة البيولوجية للتربة الملوّثة بالنفط.
دراسة ومحاكاة توليد الطاقة الكهربائية باستخدام طاقة الرياح بمنطقة مطار طرابلس الدولي- ليبيا
Authors: البُهلى أ. نافع أحمد , الحنيش أ. محمد محمود , الصالح د. طارق أحمد 
Published: November 2020

تمت دراسة ومحاكاة متاحية استخدام الرياح لتوليد الكهرباء في منطقة مطار طرابلس الدولي بليبيا. متاحية توربينات الرياح تتغير من موقع إلى آخر، معتمد في ذلك على مصدر الرياح وسرعتها، وكذلك نوع هذه التوربينات (توربينة أفقية المحور وتوربينة عمودية المحور)، وسرعة بداية التشغيل وسرعة إيقاف التشغيل.
متاحية توربينات الرياح يمكن أن يتم التنبؤ بها باستخدام المنهجية المتبعة في النموذج الرياضي الذي تم استخدامه بهذا البحث. في هذا البحث تمت دراسة المتغيرات المشار إليها أعلاه خلال نموذج إحصائي، باستخدام المتوسط الشهري لبيانات سرعة الرياح المتاحة لدي فريق الإرصاد الجوي بالمطار للعامين 2008 و2009.
أوضحت النتائج أن زيادة ارتفاع محور دوران التوربينة سوف يحسن من المتاحية. وتبين من خلال الدراسة أن المتاحية تكون أفضل عند استخدام توربينة المحور الأفقي مقابل توربينة المحور العمودي، وتتحسن قيمة المتاحية كلما كانت سرعة بداية التشغيل أصغر، بينما تبقى قيمة المتاحية ثابتة حتى لو كانت سرعة إيقاف التشغيل كبيرة.
PERFORMANCE OF MIXED EFFECTS FOR CLUSTERED COUNTING DATA MODELS
Authors: El-Saeiti Intesar N. , ALsawi Khalil Mostafa 
Published: November 2020

This article is concerned with hierarchical generalized linear models. It includes generalized linear models and generalized linear mixed models, which are related to linear models.
In generalized linear mixed models, the dependent variable and the standard error follow any distribution from the exponential family, e.g. normal, Poisson, binomial, gamma, etc. We studied counting data, and then use the Poisson-gamma model,where the dependentvariable follows the Poisson distribution and the standard error follow the gamma distribution. Several estimation techniques can be used for generalized linear mixed model. In this paperthe hierarchical likelihood estimation technique was used to prove the performance of H-likelihood methodwhen thecounting data were balanced or unbalanced.
Real data were used to test the performance of Poisson-gamma H-likelihood estimation method in case of balanced and unbalanced counting data.When real data used in the past research for another problem, it was noticed that the performance of the hierarchical likelihood estimation technique gave a close approximations in the event of balanced and unbalanced counting data, and the output of the technique was approximately equivalent in both instances.
THE CORROSION PROBLEMS IN HOUSEHOLD WATER HEATERS OF SABRATHA CITY
Authors: Almadhoni Khalid H. , Ammar Mohammad A. 
Published: November 2020

The corrosion destructive action can reach the home of millions of people, thus costing a tremendous amount of money and causing a great inconvenience. With the up rise of brackish water in Sabratha city, corrosion can damage water heaters, pipe network, refrigerators and many more items found at homes. In addition, in the absence of adequate specifications, major failures of water heaters have been reported in the recent years creating a great deal of concern. This study investigated the reasons of water heaters failure, and the methods needed to overcome or limit such a problem.
Three main components, which have a direct relationship with the corrosion phenomena of heaters, were studied namely water, heater storage tank and heating element cover. To achieve that a chemical analysis of water samples and an examination of the microstructure and the chemical composition of heater storage tank and the heating element cover were carried out. The results revealed that the likelihood of forming a scale of Ca CO3 increases with increasing temperature, salt concentrations and the PH value.
The metallographic examination showed the presence of a ferrite-pearlite structure. The microstructural studies revealed the presence of un-equivalent distribution of carbon content responsible for galvanic corrosion. They also revealed that grain growth in Heat Affective Zone (H. A. Z.) was responsible for pitting type corrosion. The weld showed typical WIDMANSTAATEN structure. Chemical composition of the sample indicated that the structure belongs to the low carbon steel which is identical to ASM 1020, and that the cover of heating element is made of pure copper.
GROWTH INHIBITORY EFFECT OF CHLORHEXIDINE AND HEXETIDINE CONTAINING-MOUTHWASHES AGAINST ORAL BACTERIAL ISOLATES
Authors: Amer Ibtesam O. , Moman Raja M. , Gebreil Mustafa M. , Alsagher Mohamed R. 
Published: November 2020

Background
Frequent use of mouthwash (MW) is one of the most effective methods used to prevent oral bacterial infections and to assist individuals in their efforts to achieve and maintain better oral health. Using a MW containing antibacterial agents would be a simple way to prevent growth and multiplication of pathogenic organisms in oral cavity causing dental caries and other mouth diseases. Chlorhexidine (CHX) and Hexetidine (HX) have been proposed as potent biocides against oral bacteria.
Objective
The present study was performed to investigate oral bacteria growth inhibition when using any of four mouthwashes that are commercially available in the Libyan market and contain either CHX, (Zordy land Oraxin), or HX, (Hextril and Givalex), and to clarify whether CHX and HX were suitable and safe biocides that can be included in mouthwash products.
Materials and Methods
Sixty adult (45 females and 15 males) volunteers had been chosen and divided into four groups and their saliva samples were assessed for microbial count at the beginning and the end of two weeks of treatment, during which they rinsed with 15ml of mouthwashes for 30 seconds twice a day (morning and evening) in addition to their usual oral hygiene procedures. The antibacterial activity of mouthwashes was assayed by cell viable count technique and cell diffusibility measurement.
Results
The results showed wide variations in the effectiveness of mouthwashes; those containing CHX were more effective (P ≤0.05) than formulations containing HX on oral microbial count. The main findings of the present study were that Zordyl, Oraxinand Hextril exerted high effects on the salivary microbiota, causing 90%, 60% and 34% reduction in salivary bacterial counts respectively. 25% reduction was observed for Givalex. On the other hand, the zone of inhibition test showed that Zordyl and Oraxin had large zone inhibitory effects, while Hextril and Givalex, were less effective on some bacterial species.
Conclusion
It can be concluded that twice daily use of CHX mouthwash (CHX-MW) or HX mouthwash (HX-MW) reduces oral bacterial load counts in healthy subjects when used as an adjunct to their normal oral hygiene procedures. This also suggests that inhibitory power of mouth washes containing CHX is greater on oral bacteria than mouthwashes containing HX.
THE EFFECT OF EXCESSIVE SETTING TIME, LONG DAMAGE OF THE MACHINE, TIME OF PACKAGING PACKAGES STOPPED TO PRODUCTION OPERATIONAL COSTS: STUDY IN LINE 8A PT XYZ FARMA Tbk
Authors: A Ashwatu Nida Dipajana  , Iha Haryani H  
Published: November 2020

This study aims to determine the effect of excess machine setting time, machine breakdown time, time for packaging lines to stop, on production operating costs and which factors are most dominant in influencing production operating costs. This research uses a quantitative descriptive method approach. The place of research is at PT. XYZ Farma on line 8A. The research sample consisted of 22 data records from a population of 450 data records. Data collection techniques are observation techniques, event recording and documentation. The results showed the influence of excessive setting time, machine damage time, packaging line time stalled against operational costs of production. This is demonstrated by using AMOS, the value of C.R (Critical Ratio) exceeds the critical value ± 1,717. The value of C.R for each variable is the excessive machine setting time, the length of time the machine is damaged, and the time of the packaging line has stalled towards the operational cost of production is 2,850; 10, 913; 5,330.
Based on AMOS Standardized Regression Weight Output statistical calculations show that the duration of damage to the machine provides the greatest contribution in increasing the operational costs of production. This is indicated by the estimated coefficient value of the largest engine damage time which is 82.1%. So it can be concluded that the influence of excess engine setting time, machine breakdown time and time of the packaging line has stalled to the operational costs of production with the variable length of engine damage giving the greatest contribution.
How do University Experiences Contribute to Students’ Psychological Wellbeing?
Authors: Brooker Abi , Vu Catherine 
Published: November 2020

Wellbeing has important implications for students’ success during and beyond university. As such, educators need clear empirical evidence of the aspects of university life that contribute to students’ wellbeing. We use a mixed-methods approach to ask whether and how students’ diverse university experiences contribute to their self-rated wellbeing. In an online survey, 696 students provided accounts of positive and negative experiences at university and self-rated their wellbeing using the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (WEMWBS). Most of the sample reported high wellbeing, though there was diversity in their reported experiences. Regression analysis revealed that students’ experiences at university significantly contributed to the variation in their wellbeing scores. Social and academic experiences were the strongest positive contributors to student wellbeing; whereas gender, social experiences and emotional experiences were the strongest negative contributors. Our findings offer guidance for strategies within academic and non-academic university contexts that can effectively and efficiently promote student wellbeing.
Species of Space
Authors: Gepshtein Sergei 
Published: November 2020

AbstractArchitects spend their time creating walls, facades, floors and roofs – containers of space. But are they missing a key ingredient? Sergei Gepshtein, who directs Adaptive Sensory Technologies research at the Salk Institute in San Diego, and Spatial Perception and Concrete Experience research at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles, investigates the notion of a new architectural object. He shows how the space of experience is articulated by boundaries that arise from the human body. Although intangible and fluid, these boundaries are nevertheless real and systematic, which is why they readily yield to the methods of science.
Carrier Scattering Mechanisms: Identification via the Scaling Properties of the Boltzmann Transport Equation
Authors: Majdi Saman , Djurberg Viktor , Suntornwipat Nattakarn , Gabrysch Markus , Isberg Jan 
Published: November 2020

AbstractA method based on the scaling properties of the Boltzmann transport equation is proposed to identify the dominant scattering mechanisms that affect charge transport in a semiconductor. This method uses drift velocity data of mobile charges at different lattice temperatures and applied electric fields and takes into account the effect of carrier heating. By performing time‐of‐flight measurements on single‐crystalline diamond, hole and electron drift velocities are measured under low‐injection conditions within the temperature range 10–300 K. Evaluation of the data using the proposed method identifies acoustic phonon scattering as the dominant scattering mechanism across the measured temperature range. The exception is electrons at 100–200 K where conduction‐band valley repopulation has a prominent effect. At temperatures below ≈80 K, where valley polarization is observed for electrons, transport dominated by acoustic phonon scattering is observed in different valleys separately. The scaling model is additionally tested on data from highly resistive gallium arsenide samples to demonstrate the versatility of the method. In this case, impurity scattering can be ruled out as the dominant scattering mechanism in the samples for the temperature range 80–120 K.
Machine learning‐based atom contribution method for the prediction of surface charge density profiles and solvent design
Authors: Liu Qilei , Zhang Lei , Tang Kun , Liu Linlin , Du Jian , Meng Qingwei , Gani Rafiqul 
Published: November 2020

AbstractSolvents are widely used in chemical processes. The use of efficient model‐based solvent selection techniques is an option worth considering for rapid identification of candidates with better economic, environment and human health properties. In this paper, an optimization‐based MLAC‐CAMD framework is established for solvent design, where a novel machine learning‐based atom contribution method is developed to predict molecular surface charge density profiles (σ‐profiles). In this method, weighted atom‐centered symmetry functions are associated with atomic σ‐profiles using a high‐dimensional neural network model, successfully leading to a higher prediction accuracy in molecular σ‐profiles and better isomer identifications compared with group contribution methods. The new method is integrated with the computer‐aided molecular design technique by formulating and solving a mixed‐integer nonlinear programming model, where model complexities are managed with a decomposition‐based strategy. Finally, two case studies involving crystallization and reaction are presented to highlight the wide applicability and effectiveness of the MLAC‐CAMD framework.
Configurational Analysis by Residual Dipolar Couplings: Critical Assessment of “Structural Noise” from Thermal Vibrations
Authors: Reggelin Michael , Immel Stefan 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe certainty of configurational assignments of natural products based on anisotropic NMR parameters, such as residual dipolar couplings (RDCs), must be amended by estimates on structural noise emerging from thermal vibrations. We show that vibrational analysis significantly affects the error margins with which RDCs can be back‐calculated from molecular models, and the implications of thermal motions on the differentiability of diastereomers are derived.
Mit N‐heterocyclischen Carbenen funktionalisierte Poly(3‐hexylthiophene) als robuste und leitfähige Liganden zur Stabilisierung von Goldnanopartikeln
Authors: Sun Ningwei , Zhang Shi‐Tong , Simon Frank , Steiner Anja Maria , Schubert Jonas , Du Yixuan , Qiao Zhi , Fery Andreas , Lissel Franziska 
Published: November 2020

AbstractSeit kurzem werden N‐heterocyclische Carbene (NHCs) als Ankergruppen verwendet, um organische Liganden an kolloidales Gold (d. h. Goldnanopartikel, Au NPs) zu binden. Die Arbeiten beschränken sich jedoch bisher auf nicht‐konjugierte Liganden, konzentrieren sich also allein auf die Ausnutzung des Stabilitätsaspekts. Bei der Verwendung von NHCs zur Verknüpfung von Au NPs mit elektronisch aktiven organischen Komponenten (z. B. konjugierten Polymeren, KPs) könnten sowohl die Stabilität als auch die inhärente Leitfähigkeit der NHC‐Anker genutzt werden. Hier berichten wir über drei Arten von Br‐NHC‐Au‐X‐Komplexen (X=Cl, Br). Ausgehend von diesen kann über Kumada‐Polykondensation regioreguläres Poly(3‐hexylthiophen)‐NHC‐Au (P3HTs‐NHC‐Au) mit engen Molmassenverteilungen erhalten werden. Die entsprechenden NPs werden durch direkte Reduktion erhalten und zeigen eine ausgezeichnete thermische und Redoxstabilität. Die NHC‐Anker ermöglichen die Delokalisierung von Elektronen über die Gold/KP‐Grenzfläche, was zu einem verbesserten elektrochromen Reaktionsverhalten gegenüber dem von P3HT‐NHC‐Au führt.
Encoding Multilayer Complexity in Anti‐Counterfeiting Heterometallic MOF‐Based Optical Tags
Authors: Deneff Jacob I. , Butler Kimberly S. , Rohwer Lauren E. S. , Pearce Charles J. , Valdez Nichole R. , Rodriguez Mark A. , Luk Ting S. , Sava Gallis Dorina F. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractOptical tags provide a way to quickly and unambiguously identify valuable assets. Current tag fluorophore options lack the tunability to allow combined methods of encoding in a single material. Herein we report a design strategy to encode multilayer complexity in a family of heterometallic rare‐earth metal–organic frameworks based on highly connected nonanuclear clusters. To impart both intricacy and security, a synergistic approach was implemented resulting in both overt (visible) and covert (near‐infrared, NIR) properties, with concomitant multi‐emissive spectra and tunable luminescence lifetimes. Tag authentication is validated with a variety of orthogonal detection methodologies. Importantly, the effect induced by subtle compositional changes on intermetallic energy transfer, and thus on the resulting photophysical properties, is demonstrated. This strategy can be widely implemented to create a large library of highly complex, difficult‐to‐counterfeit optical tags.
Poly(3‐hexylthiophene)s Functionalized with N‐Heterocyclic Carbenes as Robust and Conductive Ligands for the Stabilization of Gold Nanoparticles
Authors: Sun Ningwei , Zhang Shi‐Tong , Simon Frank , Steiner Anja Maria , Schubert Jonas , Du Yixuan , Qiao Zhi , Fery Andreas , Lissel Franziska 
Published: November 2020

AbstractRecently, N‐heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) are explored as anchor groups to bind organic ligands to colloidal gold (i.e. gold nanoparticles, Au NPs), yet these efforts are confined to non‐conjugated ligands so far—that is, focused solely on exploiting the stability aspect. Using NHCs to link Au NPs and electronically active organic components, for example, conjugated polymers (CPs), will allow capitalizing on both the stability as well as the inherent conductivity of the NHC anchors. Here, we report three types of Br‐NHC‐Au‐X (X=Cl, Br) complexes, which, when used as starting points for Kumada polymerizations, yield regioregular poly(3‐hexylthiophenes)‐NHC‐Au (P3HTs‐NHC‐Au) with narrow molecular weight distributions. The corresponding NPs are obtained via direct reduction and show excellent thermal as well as redox stability. The NHC anchors enable electron delocalization over the gold/CP interface, resulting in an improved electrochromic response behavior in comparison with P3HT‐NHC‐Au.