bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Doctoral boot camps: from military concept to andragogy
Authors: Rowtho Vikash , Gopee Shafiiq , Hingun Alisha 
Published: April 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to study the use of writing boot camp cycles with differentiated facilitation in promoting a research culture within an academic setting by investigating its effectiveness and challenges amongst early career researchers.Design/methodology/approachThis research takes a case study approach within a teaching-focussed private institution moving towards teaching and research. A mixed-method approach captured insights of academics' feelings and perceptions at different stages of the boot camps. Participants set their writing objectives prior to the programme. The initial writing boot camp was followed by a post-programme survey. Two months later, a focus group was conducted and the outcomes were used to refine the subsequent boot camp session.FindingsThe findings confirmed that writing boot camps are beneficial in enabling staff members to progress in their writing and in building a research culture. The study further highlighted some of the associated challenges.Research limitations/implicationsThis study used only the largest private institution in the country as a case.Practical implicationsThis paper highlights some of the key considerations and challenges for practitioners who wish to run effective writing boot camps, e.g. environment, facilitation, debriefing, frequency and duration.Originality/valueThis study introduces the concept of “Writing Boot Camp Cycles” coupled with “Differentiated Facilitation” to enhance the output of writing boot camps while at the same time promoting a research culture.
How will service robots redefine leadership in hotel management? A Delphi approach
Authors: Xu Shi , Stienmetz Jason , Ashton Mark 
Published: April 2020

Purpose
Using the Delphi technique, this paper aims to investigate how human resource experts perceive service robots will impact leadership and human resource management in the hospitality industry.

Design/methodology/approach
A three-stage Delphi study with hotel industry human resource experts was conducted to identify the key trends and major challenges that will emerge in the next ten years and how leaders should deal with the challenges brought about by service robot technologies.

Findings
The results show that while service robots are anticipated to increase efficiency and productivity of hotel activities, they may also pose challenges such as high costs, skill deficits and significant changes to the organizational structure and culture of hotels. Therefore, the anticipated applications and integration of robotic technology will require leaders of the future to carefully consider the balance between the roles of service robots and human employees in the guest experience and to nurture a work environment that embraces open-mindedness and change.

Originality/value
This is the first type of study to examine hospitality leadership and human resource management in the context of robotized hotels. This study has taken an important step to understand the leadership role in robotized hotels from a human resource perspective and brings clarity as to how robotic technology can influence leadership in the future workplace.
Can cognitive biases be good for entrepreneurs?
Authors: Zhang Haili , Bij Hans van der , Song Michael 
Published: April 2020

PurposeWhile some studies have found that cognitive biases are detrimental to entrepreneurial performance, others have conjectured that cognitive biases may stimulate entrepreneurial action. This study uses a typology of availability and representative heuristics to examine how two patterns of biases affect entrepreneurial performance. Drawing on ideas from cognitive science, this study predicts that various levels of biases in each pattern stimulate entrepreneurial behavior and performance.Design/methodology/approachA profile-deviation approach was employed to analyze data from 253 entrepreneurs and zero-truncated Poisson regression and the zero-truncated negative binomial regression to test hypotheses.FindingsThis study finds some positive associations between a particular level of cognitive biases in each of the two patterns and entrepreneurial behavior and performance. Results show that the patterns of biases often stimulate and never hurt entrepreneurial behavior and performance. The opposite holds for a lack of cognitive biases, which hurts and never stimulates entrepreneurial behavior and performance.Originality/valueThis study examines patterns of cognitive biases of entrepreneurs instead of single biases. The study broadens the perspective on the heuristics and cognitive biases of entrepreneurs by examining patterns of biases emanating from the availability and the representativeness heuristic that make a difference for entrepreneurial behavior and performance. The study also brings the “great rationality debate” closer to the entrepreneurship field by showing that a normative rule based on statistics and probability theory does not benefit entrepreneurial behavior and performance.
Heat transport of nano-micropolar fluid with an exponential heat source on a convectively heated elongated plate using numerical computation
Authors: Pattnaik P.K. , Mishra S.R. , Mahanthesh B. , Gireesha B.J. , Rahimi-Gorji Mohammad 
Published: April 2020

PurposeThe study of novel exponential heat source phenomena across a flowing fluid with a suspension of microparticles and nanoparticles towards a convectively heated plate has been an open question. Therefore, the impact of the exponential heat source in the transport of nano micropolar fluid in the existence of magnetic dipole, Joule heating, viscous heating and convective condition effects has been analytically investigated. Influence of chemical reaction has also been exhibited in this discussion.Design/methodology/approachThe leading equations are constructed via conservation equations of transport, micro-rotation, energy and solute under the non-transient state situation. Suitable stretching transformations are used to transform the system of partial differential equations to ordinary. The transformed ODEs admit numerical solution via Runge–Kutta fourth order method along with shooting technique.FindingsThe effects of pertinent physical parameters characterizing the flow phenomena are presented through graphs and discussed. The inclusion of microparticles and nanoparticles greatly affects the flow phenomena. The impact of the exponential heat source (EHS) advances the heat transfer characteristics significantly compared to usual thermal-based heat source (THS). The thermal performance can be improved through the effects of a magnetic dipole, viscous heating, Joule heating and convective condition.Originality/valueThe effectiveness of EHS phenomena in the dynamics of nano micropolar fluid past an elongated plate which is convectively heated with regression analysis is for the first time investigated.
The curvilinear relationship between within-person creative self-efficacy and individual creative performance: the moderating role of approach/avoidance motivations
Authors: Li Ci-Rong , Yang Yanyu , Lin Chen-Ju , Xu Ying 
Published: April 2020

PurposeThis research adopts a dynamic self-regulation framework to test whether there is a curvilinear relationship between creative self-efficacy and individual creative performance at the within-person level. Furthermore, to establish a boundary condition of the predicted relationship, the authors build a cross-level model and examine how approach motivation and avoidance motivation moderate the complex relationship between creative self-efficacy and individual creative performance.Design/methodology/approachTo obtain results from a within-person analysis, the authors collect multi-source data from 125 technicians who provided monthly reports over an 8-month period.FindingsThe authors find evidence of an inverted U-shaped relationship between creative self-efficacy and individual creative performance at the within-person level and differential moderating effects of approach/avoidance motivations.Originality/valueThis study is one of the first to challenge the assumption that creative self-efficacy always has a positive linear relationship with creativity. It provides a more complete view of the complex pattern between creative self-efficacy and creativity at the within-person level.
The role of the human dimension in organizational agility: an empirical study in intensive care units
Authors: Melián-Alzola Lucía , Domínguez-Falcón Carmen , Martín-Santana Josefa D. 
Published: April 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyse the role of hospital leaders and high-performance work practices (HPWPs) in intensive care units (ICUs) in organizational agility and its impact on healthcare personnel satisfaction.Design/methodology/approachThis study was carried out in three ICUs of an important Spanish public hospital, one for adults, one paediatric and one neonatal. The unit of analysis was ICUs personnel (324 individuals: 14.5%, 48.8% and 36.7% from the categories of doctors, nurses and nurses' aides, respectively) who were invited to participate in the study. The sample had 248 individuals, with a sampling distribution by categories that was quite similar to that of the population. To test the hypotheses proposed, structural equations modeling (SEM) were used as the maximum likelihood estimation method.FindingsThe results confirm the proposed model and reveal the importance of the human dimension in ICUs on hospital agility and performance in terms of satisfaction of the clinical staff working in this area.Originality/valueThis paper is original because it analyses units of high complexity, such as ICUs from a management and non-clinical perspective. In addition, it studies the role of hospital managers and HPWPs on employee outcomes, as well as in-hospital responsiveness in a very dynamic context that demands agility on the management approach.
Regularly drinking desert birds have greater evaporative cooling capacity and higher heat tolerance limits than non‐drinking species
Authors: Czenze Zenon J. , Kemp Ryno , van Jaarsveld Barry , Freeman Marc T. , Smit Ben , Wolf Blair O. , McKechnie Andrew E. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Surface water is a critical resource for many birds inhabiting arid regions, but the implications of regular drinking and dependence on surface water for the evolution of thermal physiology remain largely unexplored.

We hypothesized that avian thermoregulation in the heat has evolved in tandem with the use of surface water and predicted that (a) regularly drinking species have a greater capacity to elevate rates of evaporative water loss (EWL) compared to non‐drinking species, and (b) heat tolerance limits (HTLs) are higher among drinking species. To test these predictions, we quantified thermoregulatory responses to high air temperature (Ta) in 12 species of passerines from the South African arid zone and combined these with values for an additional five species. We categorized each species as either: (a) water‐dependent, regularly drinking, or (b) water‐independent, occasional‐/non‐drinking.

In support of our predictions, both conventional and phylogenetically independent analyses revealed that evaporative scope (the ratio of maximum EWL to minimum thermoneutral EWL) during acute heat exposure was significantly higher among drinking species. Moreover, evaporative scope was significantly and positively related to HTL (i.e. maximum air temperature tolerated before the onset of severe hyperthermia).

These findings offer new insights into the co‐evolution of water dependence, movement ecology and thermal physiology in the context of trade‐offs between dehydration avoidance and resistance to lethal hyperthermia in hot desert habitats.

A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article.
Seismoelectric numerical simulation in 2D vertical transverse isotropic poroelastic medium
Authors: Tohti Munirdin , Wang Yibo , Slob Evert , Zheng Yikang , Chang Xu , Yao Yi 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACTSeismoelectric coupling in an electric isotropic and elastic anisotropic medium is developed using a primary–secondary formulation. The anisotropy is of vertical transverse isotropic type and concerns only the poroelastic parameters. Based on our finite difference time domain algorithm, we solve the seismoelectric response to an explosive source. The seismic wavefields are computed as the primary field. The electric field is then obtained as a secondary field by solving the Poisson equation for the electric potential. To test our numerical algorithm, we compared our seismoelectric numerical results with analytical results obtained from Pride's equation. The comparison shows that the numerical solution gives a good approximation to the analytical solution. We then simulate the seismoelectric wavefields in different models. Simulated results show that four types of seismic waves are generated in anisotropic poroelastic medium. These are the fast and slow longitudinal waves and two separable transverse waves. All of these seismic waves generate coseismic electric fields in a homogenous anisotropic poroelastic medium. The tortuosity has an effect on the propagation of the slow longitudinal wave. The snapshot of the slow longitudinal wave has an oval shape when the tortuosity is anisotropic, whereas it has a circular shape when the tortuosity is isotropic. In terms of the Thomsen parameters, the radiation anisotropy of the fast longitudinal wave is more sensitive to the value of ε, while the radiation anisotropy of the transverse wave is more sensitive to the value of δ.
Predicting substrate exchange in marine diatom‐heterocystous cyanobacteria symbioses
Authors: Nieves‐Morión Mercedes , Flores Enrique , Foster Rachel A. 
Published: April 2020

SummaryIn the open ocean, some phytoplankton establish symbiosis with cyanobacteria. Some partnerships involve diatoms as hosts and heterocystous cyanobacteria as symbionts. Heterocysts are specialized cells for nitrogen fixation, and a function of the symbiotic cyanobacteria is to provide the host with nitrogen. However, both partners are photosynthetic and capable of carbon fixation, and the possible metabolites exchanged and mechanisms of transfer are poorly understood. The symbiont cellular location varies from internal to partial to fully external, and this is reflected in the symbiont genome size and content. In order to identify the membrane transporters potentially involved in metabolite exchange, we compare the draft genomes of three differently located symbionts with known transporters mainly from model free‐living heterocystous cyanobacteria. The types and numbers of transporters are directly related to the symbiont cellular location: restricted in the endosymbionts and wider in the external symbiont. Three proposed models of metabolite exchange are suggested which take into account the type of transporters in the symbionts and the influence of their cellular location on the available nutrient pools. These models provide a basis for several hypotheses that given the importance of these symbioses in global N and C budgets, warrant future testing.
Comparative genomics reveals different population structures associated with host and geographic origin in antimicrobial‐resistant Salmonella enterica
Authors: Liao Jingqiu , Orsi Renato Hohl , Carroll Laura M. , Wiedmann Martin 
Published: April 2020

SummaryGenetic variation in a pathogen, including the causative agent of salmonellosis, Salmonella enterica, can occur as a result of eco‐evolutionary forces triggered by dissimilarities of ecological niches. Here, we applied comparative genomics to study 90 antimicrobial resistant (AMR) S. enterica isolates from bovine and human hosts in New York and Washington states to understand host‐ and geographic‐associated population structure. Results revealed distinct presence/absence profiles of functional genes and pseudogenes (e.g., virulence genes) associated with bovine and human isolates. Notably, bovine isolates contained significantly more transposase genes but fewer transposase pseudogenes than human isolates, suggesting the occurrence of large‐scale transposition in genomes of bovine and human isolates at different times. The high correlation between transposase genes and AMR genes, as well as plasmid replicons, highlights the potential role of horizontally transferred transposons in promoting adaptation to antibiotics. By contrast, a number of potentially geographic‐associated single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), rather than geographic‐associated genes, were identified. Interestingly, 38% of these SNPs were in genes annotated as cell surface protein‐encoding genes, including some essential for antibiotic resistance and host colonization. Overall, different evolutionary forces and limited recent inter‐population transmission appear to shape AMR S. enterica population structure in different hosts and geographic origins.
Change in characteristics of film based on rice starch blended with sucrose, maltose, and trehalose after storage
Authors: Ploypetchara Thongkorn , Gohtani Shoichi 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe characteristics of rice starch film blended with sucrose, maltose, and trehalose at concentrations of 0%, 10%, 20%, or 30% (w/w of the starch weight) were investigated. Relative crystallinity (RC) of the rice starch film as determined by X‐ray increased with increasing sucrose concentration and the RC tended to decrease with an increasing concentration of maltose and trehalose. RC was inhibited by adding sugar in the order of trehalose, maltose, and sucrose after 28 days storage. The rice starch film with 30% added sugar showed a homogeneous matrix and a lower frequency chemical shift of the proton OH group as determined on the day of preparation; however, the film with 30% added maltose cracked after 28 days storage. Adding sugar as a plasticizer affected the properties of the rice starch film by concentration and type of sugar because of the hydroxyl groups of the sugar.Practical ApplicationDisaccharides, such as sucrose, maltose, and trehalose, could be used as a plasticizer in a rice starch film system. The sugar conformation might be one factor for selecting the sugar to use for starch film system. Trehalose might improve film properties by inhibiting recrystallization after storage.
Temporal profile of flavor enhancers MAG, MSG, GMP, and IMP, and their ability to enhance salty taste, in different reductions of sodium chloride
Authors: Rocha Renata Abadia Reis , Ribeiro Michele Nayara , Silva Gabriela Alvarenga , Rocha Lenízy Cristina Reis , Pinheiro Ana Carla Marques , Nunes Cleiton Antônio , Carneiro João de Deus Souza 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWe evaluated the temporal profile of the flavor enhancers monosodium glutamate (MSG), disodium inosinate (IMP), disodium guanylate (GMP), and monoammonium glutamate (MAG). We also evaluated the ability of these flavor enhancers to enhance salty taste in solutions containing different reductions of sodium chloride. Four experiments were conducted using Central Composite Rotational Design (CCRD) with focus on two objectives: concentration of flavor enhancers (0% to 1%) and reduction of sodium chloride content (0% to 100%). A 0.75% saline solution of NaCl was used as a control. In each experiment, the treatments were evaluated by the intensity of salty and umami tastes using an intensity scale. Treatments, selected according to the results of CCRD, were analyzed using time‐intensity (TI) and temporal dominance of sensations (TDS) analyses. Glutamates (MSG/MAG) showed greater capacity to enhance salty taste than treatments containing nucleotides (IMP/GMP). The intensity of umami taste, using all the examined flavor enhancers, showed a similar sensory profile. Temporal perception curves (TI and TDS) of salty and umami tastes also showed a similar temporal profile. The glutamic acid amino acids were better able to improve salty taste than nucleotides in any range of sodium chloride reduction. Flavor enhancers showed greater ability to increase salty taste in smaller reductions in sodium chloride content.Practical ApplicationThis research expand the knowledge about the ability to enhance the salty taste of flavor enhancers in different reductions in sodium content, Beside that, will provide information about the time profile of flavor enhancers. This study provides scientific technical information on the ability to intensify the salty taste of flavor enhancers and can assist the industry to develop new low sodium products and encourage the scientific community to conduct future research on this subject.
An optimized metaproteomics protocol for a holistic taxonomic and functional characterization of microbial communities from marine particles
Authors: Schultz Doreen , Zühlke Daniela , Bernhardt Jörg , Francis Thomas Ben , Albrecht Dirk , Hirschfeld Claudia , Markert Stephanie , Riedel Katharina 
Published: April 2020

SummaryThis study aimed to establish a robust and reliable metaproteomics protocol for an in‐depth characterization of marine particle‐associated (PA) bacteria. To this end, we compared six well‐established protein extraction protocols together with different MS‐sample preparation techniques using particles sampled during a North Sea spring algae bloom in 2009. In the final optimized workflow, proteins are extracted using a combination of SDS‐containing lysis buffer and cell disruption by bead‐beating, separated by SDS‐PAGE, in‐gel digested and analysed by LC–MS/MS, before MASCOT search against a metagenome‐based database and data processing/visualization with the in‐house‐developed bioinformatics tools Prophane and Paver. As an application example, free‐living (FL) and particulate communities sampled in April 2009 were analysed, resulting in an as yet unprecedented number of 9354 and 5034 identified protein groups for FL and PA bacteria, respectively. Our data suggest that FL and PA communities appeared similar in their taxonomic distribution, with notable exceptions: eukaryotic proteins and proteins assigned to Flavobacteriia, Cyanobacteria, and some proteobacterial genera were found more abundant on particles, whilst overall proteins belonging to Proteobacteria were more dominant in the FL fraction. Furthermore, our data points to functional differences including proteins involved in polysaccharide degradation, sugar‐ and phosphorus uptake, adhesion, motility, and stress response.