bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Automatic Estimation of the Rest-Interval for MotionWatch8© Using Uniaxial Movement and Lux Data
Authors: Backhouse Daniel , Falck Ryan Stanley , Liu-Ambrose Teresa 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Poor sleep is linked with chronic conditions common in older adults, including diabetes, heart disease, and dementia. Valid and reliable field methods to objectively measure sleep are thus greatly needed to examine how poor sleep impacts older adults. Wrist-worn actigraphy (WWA) is a common objective measure of sleep that uses motion and illuminance data to estimate sleep. The rest-interval marks the time interval between when an individual attempts to sleep and the time they get out of bed to start their day. Traditionally, the rest-interval is scored manually by trained technicians, however algorithms currently exist which automatically score WWA data, saving time and providing consistency from user-to-user. However, these algorithms ignore illuminance data and only considered motion in their estimation of the rest-interval. This study therefore examines a novel algorithm that uses illuminance data to supplement the approximation of the rest-interval from motion data. We examined a total of 1086 days of data of 129 participants who wore the MotionWatch8© WWA for ≥14 nights of observation. Resultant sleep measures from three different parameter settings were compared to sleep measures derived following a standard scoring protocol and self-report times. The algorithm showed the strongest correlation to the standard protocol (r= 0.92 for sleep duration). There were no significant differences in sleep duration, sleep efficiency and fragmentation index estimates compared to the standard scoring protocol. These results suggest that an automated rest-interval scoring method using both light exposure and acceleration data provides comparable accuracy to the standard scoring method.
Whether Hemiarthroplasty Remains a Gold Standard Treatment for Patients With Displaced Femoral Neck Fractures? - A 20-year Sample of 4516 Patients From a Single Institute
Authors: Yeung Chi-Yung , Tsai Shang-Wen , Wu Po-Kuei , Chen Cheng-Fong , Chang Ming-Chau , Chen Wei-Ming 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
BackgroundFemoral neck fracture (FNF) is among the commonest fractures affecting the geriatric population. Hemiarthroplasty (HA) is a standard treatment procedure and has been performed by hip surgeons for decades. Recently, primary total hip replacement has proved advantageous for the treatment of such fractures. This study analysed the causes of HA failure and reevaluated whether HA remains a gold standard treatment for patients with displaced FNFs.MethodsA total of 4516 patients underwent HA at our centre from 1998 to 2017. The HA implants included unipolar and bipolar prostheses. Patients were enrolled who received the diagnosis of a displaced FNF, underwent primary HA initially, required second revision procedures, and were followed up for a minimum of 36 months. Data were collected and comprehensively analysed.ResultsIn 4516 cases, 99 patients underwent second surgeries. The revision rate was 2.19%. Reasons for failure were acetabular wear (n = 30, 30.3%), femoral stem subsidence (n = 24, 24.2%), periprosthetic fracture (n = 22, 22.2%), infection (n = 16, 16.2%), and recurrent dislocation (n = 7, 7.1%). The mean follow-up period was 78.1 months. The interval between failed HA and revision surgery was 22.8 months.ConclusionHA has an extremely low revision rate and remains a gold standard treatment for patients with displaced FNFs.Levels of Evidence: Level III, Retrospective Cohort Study, Therapeutic Study
KDM6B promotes ESCC cell proliferation and metastasis by facilitating C/EBPβ transcription
Authors: Qin Mei , Han Fei , Wu Jian , Gao Feng-xia , Li Yuan , Yan De-xin , He Xue-mei , Long Yang , Tang Xiao-ping , Ren De-lian , Gao Yan , Dai TianYang 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: As an H3K27me3 demethylase and counteracts polycomb-mediated transcription repression, KDM6B has been implicated in the development and malignant progression in various types of cancers. However, its potential roles in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) have not been explored.Methods: The expression of KDM6B in human ESCC tissues and cell lines was examined using qRT-PCR, immunohistochemical staining and immunoblotting. The effects of KDM6B on the proliferation and metastasis of ESCC were examined using in vitro and in vivo functional tests. RNA-seq and ChIP-seq assay were used to demonstrate the molecular biological mechanism of KDM6B in ESCC.Results: We show that the expression level of KDM6B increased significantly in patients with lymph node metastasis. KDM6B knockdown reduces proliferation and metastasis of ESCC cells, while KDM6B overexpression has the opposite effects. Mechanistically, KDM6B regulates TNFA_SIGNALING_VIA_NFκB signalling pathways, and H3K27me3 binds to the promoter region of C/EBPβ, leading to the promotion of C/EBPβ transcription. Besides, we show that GSK-J4, a chemical inhibitor of KDM6B,markedly inhibits proliferation and metastasis of ESCC cells.Conclusions: KDM6B promotes ESCC progression by increasing the transcriptional activity of C/EBPβ depending on its H3K27 demethylase activity.
Clinical performance of Non-invasive prenatal testing for sex chromosomal aneuploidies in Northeast China
Authors: Wang Lu , Dai Rulin , Shi Qingyang , Jiang Yuting , Zhang Hongguo , Liu Ruizhi , Xi Qi 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Along with the discovery of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) and the invention of next-generation sequencing (NGS), non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) had appeared and been applied for detecting common aneuploidies such as trisomy 21, 18, and 13, with low false-negative and false-positive rates. Recently, it had also been used for sex chromosome aneuploidies (SCAs). To assess the clinical utility of NIPT for SCAs in Northeast China, we collected NIPT data from BGI 500 sequencing platform in the Center for Reproductive Medicine, Center for Prenatal Diagnosis of the First Hospital of Jilin University, and calculate the positive predictive value (PPV) and false positive rate (FPR). Results: A cohort of 14936 samples were analyzed by NIPT, and revealed 70 cases with SCAs high-risk, among them, 40 women agreed to undergo amniocentesis, but as many as 30 ones refused further diagnose. Based on verified fetal karyotype, 30.0% (12/40) were confirmed to be a true positive. Unluckily, the PPV for monosomy X performed 0%. Besides, positive 47,XXX were 46.67% (7/15), 40.00% (2/5) were positive for 47, XYY, and 42.86% (3/7) were positive for 47, XXY.Conclusions: In conclusion, our present results confirmed that NIPT sequenced by BGI 500 demonstrated lowest PPVs for 45,X, but the more accurate prediction for other SCAs, it is still a potential method for SCAs screening. Henceforth, we should focus on how to improve the test utility and provide better services for pregnant women in need.
Emergency calls are early indicators of ICU bed requirement during the COVID-19 epidemic A retrospective study in Ile-de-France region, France
Authors: Adnet Frédéric , Boyet Marin , Avrane Jean-Jacques , Batteux Frédéric , Boëlle Pierre-Yves , Boutet Jérémie , Calvez Vincent , Carli Pierre , Chansard Pascal , Chollet Charlotte , Cremieux François , Descamps Diane , Gaubert Stéphane , Goix Laurent , Hausfater Pierre , Hirsch Martin , Lecarpentier Eric , Loeb Thomas , Marx Jean-Sébastien , Paugam Catherine , Piarroux Renaud , Riou Bruno , Salomon Remi , Smadja Serge , Telion Caroline , Vieillard-Baron Antoine 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background The aim of our retrospective study was to evaluate the earliest COVID19-related signal to anticipate requirements of intensive care unit (ICU) beds. Although the number of ICU beds is crucial during the COVID-19 epidemic, there is no recognized early indicator to anticipate it. Methods In the Ile-de-France region, from February 20 to May 5, 2020, emergency medical service (EMS) calls and the response provided (ambulances) together the percentage of positive reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) tests, general practitioner (GP) and emergency department (ED) visits, and hospital admissions of COVID-19 patients were recorded daily and compared to the number of ICU patients. Correlation curve analysis was performed to determine the best correlation coefficient, depending on the number of days the indicator has been shifted. Primary endpoint was the number of ICU patients. Results EMS calls, percentage of positive RT-PCR tests, ambulances used, ED and GP visits of COVID-19 patients were strongly associated with COVID-19 ICU patients with an anticipation delay of 23, 15, 14, 13, and 12 days respectively. Hospitalization did not anticipate ICU bed requirement. Conclusion The daily number of COVID19-related telephone calls received by the EMS and corresponding dispatch ambulances, and the proportion of positive RT-PCR tests were the earliest indicators of the number of COVID19 patients requiring ICU care during the epidemic crisis, rapidly followed by ED and GP visits. This information may help health authorities to anticipate a future epidemic, including a second wave of COVID19 or decide additional social measures.
Adverse Events of Video Capsule Endoscopy Over the Past Two Decades: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wang Yuan-Chen , Pan Jun , Liu Ya-Wei , Sun Feng-Yuan , Qian Yang-Yang , Jiang Xi , Zou Wen-Bin , Xia Ji , Jiang Bin , Ru Nan , Zhu Jia-Hui , Linghu En-Qiang , Li Zhao-Shen , Liao Zhuan 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: A full spectrum of video capsule endoscopy (VCE) adverse events over the past two decades has not been evaluated. We aimed to determine pooled rates, predictors and temporal-trend of VCE adverse events over the past two decades. Methods: Systematic search of PubMed and EMBASE for English-language publications reporting VCE adverse events (January 1, 2000 to March 31, 2019). Data were extracted independently by two investigators. Pooled VCE adverse event rates were calculated using random-effects model. Predictors and temporal-trend of each adverse event were performed by meta-regression analyses. Results: In total, 402 studies were identified, including 108,079 VCE procedures. Rate of retention, swallow disorder, aspiration, technical failure, and procedural adverse events were 0.73% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.59%-0.89%), 0.75% (95% CI, 0.43%-1.13%), 0.00% (95% CI, 0.00%-0.00%), 0.94% (95% CI, 0.65%-1.28%), 0.67% (95% CI, 0.32%-1.10%), respectively; incomplete examination rate of esophagus, stomach, small bowel, and colon were 9.05%, 7.69%, 12.08%, 19.19%, respectively. Patency capsule reduced retention rate by 5.04%, whereas known inflammatory bowel disease increased retention rate by 4.29%. Elder was the risk and protective factor for small bowel incomplete examination (0.30%) and swallow disorder (-0.72%), respectively. Rates of retention and small bowel incomplete examination significantly declined over time (P = .0006 and P < .0001).Conclusions: VCE adverse event rates were generally low, and retention and small bowel incomplete examination rates declined over the past two decades. Patients with known inflammatory bowel disease or elder should be alerted to high risk of retention or small bowel incomplete examination (PROSPERO: CRD42019139595).
Multidisciplinary approach of non-responders after bariatric surgery reduces the indication for revisional surgery: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Romeijn Marleen , Uittenbogaart Martine , Dielen François M. H. van , Luijten Arijan A. P. M. , Janssen Loes , Leclercq Wouter K. G. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background

20–30% of patients show a lack of response after bariatric surgery (BS). These non-responders may experience insufficient weight loss or significant weight regain. Based on previous research in our center, it has been identified that before the introduction of a multidisciplinary team (MDT), 68% of the non-responders underwent revisional surgery. This study describes the effect of an MDT on treatment strategy in non-responders after BS.
Methods

this retrospective study included non-responders that were reviewed in an MDT meeting. Patients were categorized as primary non- responders (1NR) or as secondary non-responders (2NR). Outcomes assessed were: I. MDT-based treatment (conservative versus operative), II. Weight loss, III. Complications after revisional surgery.
Results

a total of 104 patients were included (n = 15 1NR, n = 89 2NR). In 73 patients, lifestyle and/or behavioral changes were indicated. Only eleven patients (13%) were re-operated in which one complication occurred. Twenty patients did not show up at their appointment with the dietician, physical therapist and/or medical psychologist and were excluded from further analysis. Conservatively treated patients lost 2.1 kg < 12 months (SD = 7.29) and 0.8 kg < 24 months (SD = 5.08). Surgically treated patients lost 12.0 kg < 12 months (SD = 4.29) and 26.3 kg < 24 months (SD = 2.75).
Conclusions

the rate of revisional surgery decreased after the introduction of an MDT. An explanation for this could be that an MDT drives more patients towards a conservative treatment since it identifies modifiable lifestyle and/or behavioral factors contributing to non-response. Incorporation of an MDT may contribute to the selection of patients who might benefit from revisional surgery.
Research on Model, Experiment and Application of Gravity Valve
Authors: Yuan Yu , Huaisong Wu , Youzhi Liu , Weiming Yang , Zhiwei Jiao 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In this paper, two kinds of gravity valves are designed: copper bead gravity valve and hose gravity valve. Firstly, the stress distribution on the substrate of the gravity valve is simulated when the copper bead and the substrate of the gravity valve is in the non-touched, half-touched or full-touched states respectively, and the fluid leakage laws are also analyzed in the different states, by ABAQUS 6.16. The flow rate control effects of the copper bead gravity valve with different cone angle are measured and analyzed experimentally, and the optimal cone angle are obtained. Secondly, the cross-section shapes of the hose are compared and analyzed by FEA (Finite Element Analysis) for several kinds of hose gravity valve. It is concluded that the shuttle hose has the best performance. Then the shuttle hose gravity valve is made and its flow characteristics are measured and analyzed with different length of the hose. Finally, the two kinds of gravity valve are compared and applied. The copper bead gravity valve is used in chemical reaction self-driven rolling robot. The hose gravity valve is used to control the end of bending brake stably for the angle sensor, and the hose gravity valve can also be used to establish mechanical feedback loop to facilitate the flow rate control by the angle.
The Opportunistic Pathogen Sphaeropsis Sapinea is Found to be one of the Most Abundant Fungi in Symptomless and Diseased Scots Pine in Central-Europe
Authors: Blumenstein Kathrin , Langer Gitta , Bußkamp Johanna , Langer Ewald , Terhonen Eeva 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: The opportunistic and latent pathogen Sphaeropsis sapinea is one of the most important forest pathogens on pine. The fungus may cause Diplodia tip blight on several coniferous trees and disease symptoms come visible when trees are weakened by stress, usually related to injuries and drought. This project compares the mycobiome of healthy and diseased Scots pines. Twigs were sampled in June and September 2018 in a German forest stand with varying health status of the sampled Scots pines. Growth of 2017 and 2018 were sampled and cultivable, filamentous fungi isolated and the mycobiome was analysed by high-throughput sequencing (HTS) of the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) region. Results: A PERMANOVA analysis confirmed that the mycobiome community composition significantly differed between growth years (p < 0.001) and sampling time (p < 0.001) but not between healthy and diseased trees. Higher amount of S. sapinea was observed in June and the growth year 2017. Besides yeasts which were neglected, 23 ascomyceteous fungal endophytes were isolated. S. sapinea was the most common endophyte isolated and the second common in HTS data. It was highly abundant in symptomless (healthy) trees. Conclusion: Results highlights the ability of S. sapinea to accumulate unnoticed before disease outbreaks, implementing the sudden threat for Scots pines in the future.
Determinants of Contraceptive Use Among Female Undergraduates in Edox State
Authors: Oseni Tijani Idris Ahmad , Momoh Mojeed O , Affusim Christopher Chidozie 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Nigeria has one of the highest maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Use of modern contraceptive has been shown to significantly reduce maternal morbidity and mortality. However, contraceptive use is still low among young women in Nigeria. This study was to determine the prevalence and determinants of contraceptive use among female undergraduates in Edo State.Methods: The study was a cross sectional study. 360 female undergraduates attending Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital who met the eligibility criteria were consecutively recruited and questionnaire administered to them. The results were analysed using epi info 3.5.4 statistical software and significance level was set at p value less than 0.05.Results: The prevalence of contraceptive use among female undergraduates was found to be 28% despite 100% knowledge of contraception. Reasons for non-usage included fear of future infertility, refusal by male partner, fear of safety profile of the methods and lack of interest. Determinants of contraceptive use among the study population were older age (p = 0.02), being single (p = 0.04) and high socioeconomic status (p < 0.001).Conclusion: Contraceptive use is low among female undergraduates despite adequate knowledge due to fear of adverse effects and non-cooperation by male partner.Implication for Action: There is need for greater advocacy and education on the safety profile of modern contraception by policy makers, as well as educating men on the importance and benefits of contraception as their cooperation is key to increased usage.
Interaction of Dietary Carbohydrate and Fat on Glucose Metabolism in Growing Pigs
Authors: Cline Paul M. , Tsai Tsung Cheng , Lents Clay A. , Stelzleni Alex M. , Dove C. Robert , Azain Michael 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Increased consumption of fructose has been suggested to be a contributing cause of the increased rates of obesity in humans. Rodent studies have shown an increase in de novo lipogenesis and decreased insulin sensitivity in response to feeding high levels of fructose, but it is unclear if these effects occur in the same progression in humans. We aimed to develop a swine model for studying changes in glucose metabolism and insulin resistance resulting from dietary carbohydrate alone or in combination with high dietary fat. Two experiments were conducted to determine if the source of dietary carbohydrate, with or without added fat, had an effect on body weight gain, glucose metabolism, or insulin response in growing pigs. Results: In the first experiment, pigs (24 barrows, initial body weight 28 kg) were fed one of four diets in which the source of carbohydrate was varied: 1) 20% starch; 2) 10% glucose + 10% starch; 3) 10% fructose + 10% starch; and 4) 20% fructose for 9 weeks. There were no differences in growth rate or glucose clearance observed. Experiment 2 was conducted as a 3 x 2 factorial with the main effects of carbohydrate source (20% starch, glucose, or fructose) and fat level (0 vs 10%). Pigs (24 barrows, initial body weight 71 kg) were fed one of six experimental diets for 9 weeks. Compared to the other dietary treatments, pigs fed fructose with high fat had an elevated glucose area under the curve during the GTT (Carbohydrate x Fat interaction, P < 0.01). This same group had a lower insulin response (Carbohydrate x Fat, P < 0.05). Conclusions: This work demonstrates that pigs can be a viable model to assess the long-term effects of dietary carbohydrates on metabolism and body composition. Studies of longer duration are needed to determine if these changes are indicative of insulin resistance.
Prevalence of Orthorexia Nervosa in a Sample of Patients Attending Sligo/Leitrim Mental Health Services with a Diagnosis of Eating Disorder
Authors: Graffeo Ignazio , Harron Mary , O'Mahony Edmond 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: The term Orthorexia derives from the Greek “ortho – correct” and “orexis – appetite”; Orthorexia Nervosa is a pathological fixation with healthy eating that, starting with the idea to obtain a maximum health with a proper diet, leads to malnourishment and other medical sequelae, loss of relationships, loss of self-esteem, poor quality of life in general. Orthorexia, despite receiving broad empirical evidence, is not currently included in any psychiatric diagnostic manual. The main aim of this study is to investigate its presence in a sample of patients already diagnosed with a canonical eating disorder and also to understand eventual overlaps with other clinical disorders in order to optimize treatment and follow up. The ORTO-15 questionnaire, developed by an Italian team of researchers in 2005, was used to achieve the above aims: it is a tool comprehensive of 15 questions that assesses eating habits perceived as healthy. Really interesting and fascinating is to comprehend if people with a diagnosis of eating disorder present orthorectic behaviour and how this emerging reality fits in the Irish society with its peculiarities and uniqueness. Results: The Point Prevalence obtained is 17.9%. The expected rates of Orthorexia Nervosa in the general population are between 6.9% and 57.6%, with a peak of 81.8% in specific populations, fact that places our examined sample in the lower side of the prevalence previously considered in other studies.Conclusions: It is very difficult to comprehend and explain the reasons behind this fact and probably this is due to an overshadowing of symptoms with the major eating disorders. It is also significant the absence of correlation found between OCD and ON and also the fact that ON is more linked to Bulimia Nervosa in our sample rather than Anorexia Nervosa. The results obtained from this study give also a clear indication of the profile of the orthorexic patient, considered that the sample was obtained from a population of people with a diagnosis of Eating Disorder: