bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mass and decay properties of double heavy baryons with a phenomenological potential model
Authors: Rahmani S. , Hassanabadi H. , Sobhani H. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWe consider baryons in a nonrelativistic quark model, find the wave function and masses of the baryons with two heavy quarks including $$\Xi _{bc}(bcu)$$Ξbc(bcu), $$\Xi _{cc}(ccu)$$Ξcc(ccu), $$\Xi _{bb}(bbu)$$Ξbb(bbu), $$\Omega _{bb}(bbs)$$Ωbb(bbs), $$\Omega _{bc}(bcs)$$Ωbc(bcs) and $${\Omega _{cc}}(ccs)$$Ωcc(ccs). We calculate magnetic moments of these baryons. Using transition magnetic moments, we obtain the radiative decay widths for double heavy baryons. Then we calculate some of the semileptonic decay widths of these baryons. Our results are compared with other theoretical predictions.
Clinical Outcomes and Quality of Life With an Ambulatory Counterpulsation Pump in Advanced Heart Failure Patients
Authors: Uriel Nir , Jeevanandam Valluvan , Imamura Teruhiko , Onsager David , Song Tae , Ota Takeyoshi , Juricek Colleen , Combs Pamela , Lammy Thomas , Patel-Raman Sonna , Woolley Joshua R. , Sayer Gabriel , Milano Carmelo , Schroder Jacob , Molina Ezequiel , Grinstein Jonathan , Suarez Erik , Estep Jerry D. , Aggarwal Sanjeev , Silvestry Scott , Raval Nirav ,   On behalf of the iVAS Investigators
Published: April 2020

Background:
The NuPulseCV intravascular ventricular assist system (iVAS) provides extended duration ambulatory counterpulsation via a durable pump placed through the distal subclavian artery.

Methods:
We performed a prospective, single-arm, multicenter, US Food and Drug Administration-approved feasibility trial of iVAS therapy as a bridge to transplant or decision following the FIH (First-In-Human) trial.

Results:
Forty-seven patients were enrolled, and 45 patients (median 61 years old, 37 males, and 30 listed on United Network of Organ Sharing) received iVAS support for median 44 (25–87) days. There were no intraoperative complications. Success was defined as survival or transplant on iVAS therapy free from disabling stroke. Outcome success at 30 days (the primary end point of this study) and at 6 months was 89% and 80%, respectively. During 6 months of iVAS support, 2 patients died and 2 patients experienced disabling neurological dysfunction. Six-minute walk distance, 2-minute step test, and Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire score improved during 4-week iVAS support.

Conclusions:
This feasibility trial demonstrated promising short-term outcomes of iVAS therapy with improved functional capacity and quality of life during the therapy.

Registration:

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT02645539.
Electrolyte imbalances in patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Authors: Lippi Giuseppe , South Andrew M , Henry Brandon Michael 
Published: April 2020

Background Early studies have reported various electrolyte abnormalities at admission in patients who progress to the severe form of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). As electrolyte imbalance may not only impact patient care, but provide insight into the pathophysiology of COVID-19, we aimed to analyse all early data reported on electrolytes in COVID-19 patients with and without severe form. Methods An electronic search of Medline (PubMed interface), Scopus and Web of Science was performed for articles comparing electrolytes (sodium, potassium, chloride and calcium) between COVID-19 patients with and without severe disease. A pooled analysis was performed to estimate the weighted mean difference (WMD) with 95% confidence interval. Results Five studies with a total sample size of 1415 COVID-19 patients. Sodium was significantly lower in patients with severe COVID-19 (WMD: –0.91 mmol/L [95% CI: –1.33 to –0.50 mmol/L]). Similarly, potassium was also significantly lower in COVID-19 patients with severe disease (WMD: –0.12 mmol/L [95% CI: –0.18 to –0.07 mmol/L], I2=33%). For chloride, no statistical differences were observed between patients with severe and non-severe COVID-19 (WMD: 0.30 mmol/L [95% CI: –0.41 to 1.01 mmol/L]). For calcium, a statistically significant lower concentration was noted in patients with severe COVID-19 (WMD: –0.20 mmol/L [95% CI: –0.25 to –0.20 mmol/L]). Conclusions This pooled analysis confirms that COVID-19 severity is associated with lower serum concentrations of sodium, potassium and calcium. We recommend electrolytes be measured at initial presentation and serially monitored during hospitalization in order to establish timely and appropriate corrective actions.
Physician Specialty and Office Visits Made by Adults With Diagnosed Multiple Chronic Conditions: United States, 2014-2015
Authors: Ward Brian W. , Myrick Kelly L. , Cherry Donald K. 
Published: April 2020

Objectives Adults with multiple chronic conditions (MCCs; ≥2 chronic conditions) account for a substantial number of visits to health care providers. The complexity of a patient’s care, including the number of chronic conditions, may differ by physician specialty. The objectives of this study were to (1) examine differences in physician office visits among adults with MCCs by physician specialty and (2) identify the types of MCC dyads (combinations of 2 chronic conditions) most common among visits to office-based physicians. Methods We used data from the 2014-2015 National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (unweighted analytic sample, n = 61 682), a nationally representative survey of physician office–based ambulatory visits, to examine differences in physician office visits among adults with MCCs by physician specialty. We also identified the most commonly observed MCC dyads among these visits. Results During 2014-2015, 40.0% of physician office visits were made by adults with MCCs. Compared with visits for all specialties combined (40.0%), a significantly higher percentage of physician office visits among adults with MCCs were to specialists in cardiovascular disease (74.7%) and internal medicine (57.6%). For all physician specialties except psychiatry, the MCC dyads of hyperlipidemia and hypertension and diabetes and hypertension were among the most commonly observed MCC dyads among visits made by adults with MCCs. Conclusions Awareness of these findings may help specialists improve care for adults with MCCs. The recognition among physicians of common MCC dyads is relevant to the care management of persons with MCCs.
Knowledge of Good Samaritan Laws and Beliefs About Arrests Among Persons Who Inject Drugs a Year After Policy Change in Baltimore, Maryland
Authors: Schneider Kristin E. , Park Ju Nyeong , Allen Sean T. , Weir Brian W. , Sherman Susan G. 
Published: April 2020

Objectives Delivering and receiving prompt medical care during an overdose are imperative to ensure survival. Good Samaritan laws encourage people to call 911 during an overdose by providing immunity from selected drug arrests (eg, low-level possession). However, it is unclear whether persons who inject drugs (PWID) are aware of and understand these laws and their implications. We examined awareness among PWID of the 2015 Good Samaritan law in Maryland and their beliefs about whether they could be arrested for calling 911 or having an overdose. Methods We surveyed 298 PWID in Baltimore, Maryland. We estimated the proportion who knew what the Good Samaritan law addressed and who believed they could be arrested for calling 911 or overdosing. We used a multivariate model to assess the association between harm-reduction services and knowledge of the Good Samaritan law or beliefs about getting arrested for calling 911 or overdosing. Results Of PWID, 56 of 298 (18.8%) knew what the Good Samaritan law addressed, 43 of 267 (16.1%) believed they could be arrested for calling 911, and 32 of 272 (11.8%) believed they could be arrested for having an overdose. After adjusting for demographic characteristics, accessing the syringe services program was associated with accurate knowledge and the belief that PWID could be arrested for calling 911; however, training in overdose reversal was not associated. Conclusions Most PWID were unaware of the Good Samaritan law; this lack of awareness is a barrier to preventing overdose deaths. Educating PWID about Good Samaritan laws is essential, and such education should include police to ensure that law enforcement is congruent with Good Samaritan laws and does not perpetuate mistrust between police and PWID.
CT-based quantification of short-term tissue shrinkage following hepatic microwave ablation in an in vivo porcine liver model
Authors: Erxleben Christoph , Niehues Stefan M , Geyer Beatrice , Poch Franz , Bressem Keno K , Lehmann Kai S , Vahldiek Janis L 
Published: April 2020

Background Microwave ablation (MWA) is a minimally invasive treatment option for solid tumors and belongs to the local ablative therapeutic techniques, based on thermal tissue coagulation. So far there are mainly ex vivo studies that describe tissue shrinkage during MWA. Purpose To characterize short-term volume changes of the ablated zone following hepatic MWA in an in vivo porcine liver model using contrast-enhanced computer tomography (CECT). Material and Methods We performed multiple hepatic MWA with constant energy parameters in healthy, narcotized and laparotomized domestic pigs. The volumes of the ablated areas were calculated from venous phase CT scans, immediately after the ablation and in short-term courses of up to 2 h after MWA. Results In total, 19 thermally ablated areas in 10 porcine livers could be analyzed (n = 6 with two volume measurements during the measurement period and n = 13 with three measurements). Both groups showed a statistically significant but heterogeneous volume reduction of up to 12% (median 6%) of the ablated zones in CECT scans during the measurement period ( P < 0.001 [n = 13] and P = 0.042 [n = 6]). However, the dimension and dynamics of volume changes were heterogenous both absolutely and relatively. Conclusion We observed a significant short-term volume reduction of ablated liver tissue in vivo. This volume shrinkage must be considered in clinical practice for technically successful tumor treatment by MWA and therefore it should be further investigated in in vivo studies.
The association between vitamin D-related gene polymorphisms and hepatitis B virus-related liver cirrhosis
Authors: Wu Jiali , Lin Su , Liu Shiying , Wan Bo , Lin Yehong , Wang Mingfang , Zhu Yueyong 
Published: April 2020

Objectives To investigate the relationship between vitamin D-related gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and hepatitis B-related liver cirrhosis. Methods This study included patients with chronic hepatitis B who were admitted to the Liver Research Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University from July 2012 to August 2016. SNPs rs1544410 and rs2228570 in the vitamin D receptor gene and rs2282679 in the vitamin D-binding protein gene were detected using the imLDR™ multiple SNP typing kit. Genotype and allele frequencies were compared between groups using the chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test. Results A total of 226 patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection were enrolled, including 116 with HBV-related cirrhosis and 110 patients without. The distributions of vitamin D-related gene SNPs in both groups were in accordance with the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. There was no significant difference in the frequency or allelic distributions of rs1544410, rs2228570, and rs2282679 between the two groups. Additionally, the SNPs were not associated with the severity of cirrhosis. Conclusion No significant connection was identified between vitamin D-related SNPs and HBV-related liver cirrhosis.
Nurses’ experience of providing ethical care following an earthquake: A phenomenological study
Authors: Moradi Khalil , Abdi Alireza , Valiee Sina , Rezaei Soheila Ahangarzadeh 
Published: April 2020

Background Ethical care provided by nurses to earthquake victims is one of the main subjects in nursing profession. Objectives Given the information gap in this field, the present study is an attempt to explore the nurses’ experience of ethical care provided to victims of an earthquake. Research design and method A hermeneutic phenomenological study was performed. The participants were 16 nurses involved in providing care to the injured in Kermanshah earthquake, Iran. They were selected using purposeful sampling, and in-depth and semi-structured interviews were carried out. The transcribed interviews were analyzed based on the hermeneutic approach using the analysis method proposed by Diekelmann et al. Ethical considerations The study was approved by the Research Council and Ethics Committee of Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Findings Data analyses revealed four themes and 10 sub-themes that illustrated nurses’ experience of ethical care during earthquake. The themes were (1) Respecting humanistic values (sacrifice, stepping beyond task description, and voluntary work), (2) Commitment to ethics (honesty, confidentiality, and trustworthiness), (3) Respecting dignity of victims (respecting cultural values, maintaining privacy, having humanistic perspective, and effective communication), and (4) Spiritual support (helping patients to do religious rituals Psychological support). Conclusion The results showed the nurses’ experience with providing care to earthquake victims. The findings underlined ethics and ethical values in providing nursing care during disasters. It is suggested that special courses on the importance of nursing ethics in critical situations be incorporated into nursing curriculums and in-service educations.
Development and Performance Assessment of a Digital Serious Game to Assess Multi-Patient Care Skills in a Simulated Pediatric Emergency Department
Authors: Luu Cindy , Talbot Thomas B. , Fung Cha Chi , Ben-Isaac Eyal , Espinoza Juan , Fischer Susan , Cho Christine S. , Sargsyan Mariam , Korand Sridevi , Chang Todd P. 
Published: April 2020

Objective. Multi-patient care is important among medical trainees in an emergency department (ED). While resident efficiency is a typically measured metric, multi-patient care involves both efficiency and diagnostic / treatment accuracy. Multi-patient care ability is difficult to assess, though simulation is a potential alternative. Our objective was to generate validity evidence for a serious game in assessing multi-patient care skills among a variety of learners. Methods. This was a cross-sectional validation study using a digital serious game VitalSignsTM simulating multi-patient care within a pediatric ED. Subjects completed 5 virtual “shifts,” triaging, stabilizing, and discharging or admitting patients within a fixed time period; patients arrived at cascading intervals with pre-programmed deterioration if neglected. Predictor variables included generic multi-tasking ability, video game experience, medical knowledge, and clinical efficiency with real patients. Outcome metrics in 3 domains measured diagnostic accuracy (i.e. critical orders, diagnoses), efficiency (i.e. number of patients, time-to-order) and critical thinking (number of differential diagnoses); MANOVA determined differences between novice learners and expected expert physicians. Spearman Rank correlation determined associations between levels of expertise. Results. Ninety-five subjects’ gameplays were analyzed. Diagnostic accuracy and efficiency distinguished skill level between residency trained (residents, fellows and attendings) and pre-residency trained (medical students and undergraduate) subjects, particularly for critical orders, patients seen, and correct diagnoses (p < 0.003). There were moderate to strong correlations between the game’s diagnostic accuracy and efficiency metrics compared to level of training, including patients seen (rho = 0.47, p < 0.001); critical orders (rho = 0.80, p < 0.001); time-to-order (rho = −0.24, p = 0.025); and correct diagnoses (rho = 0.69, p < 0.001). Video game experience also correlated with patients seen (rho = 0.24, p = 0.003). Conclusion. A digital serious game depicting a busy virtual ED can distinguish between expected experts in multi-patient care at the pre- vs. post-residency level. Further study can focus on whether the game appropriately assesses skill acquisition during residency.
Proposal of a simple and rapid method for the chemotherapy preparations analytical control by spectrophotometry UV-Vis method
Authors: Bennani Ismail , Chentoufi Madiha Alami , Cheikh Amine , Karbane Miloud El , Bouatia Mustapha 
Published: April 2020

Introduction The preparation of anticancer chemotherapy in a hospital must meet several objectives; the first main is the quality, which can be provided by setting up a surveillance system and a quality control of each preparations. The aim of this work is to present a simple, fast and accurate spectrophotometric method for the routine control of cytotoxic preparations. Materials and methods This is a study carried out in the cytotoxic preparation unit of the university center of Rabat-Sale children’s hospital in Morocco. All samples of preparations were collected and analyzed daily on the site. After validation of the analytical method with respect to many parameters such as: linearity, accuracy and precision according to ICH Q2 guidelines, samples of cytotoxic preparations collected were assayed. Results The results are satisfactory with good level of exactitude, and high precision. Conclusion Compared to other techniques, this method can be considered as a useful alternative in the routine quality control of preparations. It can quickly obtain qualitative and quantitative information with instrumentation and inexpensive reagents.
Income Inequality and State Parties: Who Gets Represented?
Authors: Wright Gerald C. , Rigby Elizabeth 
Published: April 2020

AbstractRecent studies of representation at the national and state levels have provided evidence that elected officials' votes, political parties' platforms, and enacted policy choices are more responsive to the preferences of the affluent, while those with average incomes and the poor have little or no impact on the political process. Yet, this research on the dominance of the affluent has overlooked key partisan differences in the electorate. In this era of hyperpartisanship, we argue that representation occurs through the party system, and we test whether taking this reality into account changes the story of policy dominance by the rich. We combine data on public preferences and state party positions to test for income bias in parties' representation of their own co-partisans. The results show an interesting pattern in which underrepresentation of the poor is driven by Democratic parties pushing the more liberal social policy stances of rich Democrats and Republican parties reflecting the particularly conservative economic policy preferences of rich Republicans. Thus, we have ample evidence that the wealthy, more often than not, do call the shots, but that the degree to which this disproportionate party responsiveness produces less representative policies depends on the party in power and the policy dimension being considered. We conclude by linking this pattern of influence and “coincidental representation” to familiar changes which define the transformation of the New Deal party system.
Haptoglobin is associated with increased early perihematoma edema progression in spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage
Authors: Halstead Michael R , Mould W Andrew , Sheth Kevin N , Rosand Jonathan , Thompson Richard , Levy Andrew , Hanley Daniel F , Goldstein Joshua N , Nyquist Paul 
Published: April 2020

Introduction Perihematomal edema in intracranial hemorrhage is influenced by free hemoglobin clearance and inflammation. Serum Haptoglobin (Hp) binds free hemoglobin, affecting heme clearance and free radical production. Of the three Hp phenotypes, Hp 1-1 has the greatest effect on free hemoglobin clearance. Aim To determine if individuals with Hp 1-1 phenotype have different rates of early perihematomal edema formation as compared to those with Hp 2-1 and Hp 2-2. Methods We determined Hp phenotype, intracranial hemorrhage volume, and rate of early change in perihematomal volume in participants from three prospectively collected intracranial hemorrhage cohorts. The association of Hp phenotypes 1-1, 2-1, 2-2, with early change in perihematomal volume, while controlling for key clinical characteristics was analyzed using a multivariate model. Findings One-hundred and sixty-six participants were included: 73 (44%) female, 41 ( 25%) African Americans, 34 (20%) diabetics, 133 (80%) with hypertension, and 75 (45%) active smokers. There were 15 subjects with Hp phenotype 1-1, 86 with 2-1, and 65 with 2-2. In fully adjusted analysis, Hp 1-1 had a significantly increased estimated mean rate of early change in perihematomal volume at 1.15 (95% confidence interval 0.58–1.71) as compared to all other Hp 2-1 or Hp 2-2 containing phenotypes (0.30, 95% confidence interval 0.06–0.54; 0.29 95% CI 0.02–0.56). Neither mortality nor discharge mRS differed between Hp phenotypes. Conclusion Haptoglobin phenotype is associated with early change in perihematomal volume. Hp 1-1 phenotype had significantly increased mean rate of early change in perihematomal volume within the first 96 h, suggesting that haptoglobin phenotype may be a key player in understanding the multiphasic progression of perihematomal volume in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. A larger prospective observational study is warranted.
Manual wheelchair propulsion cost across different components and configurations during straight and turning maneuvers
Authors: Sprigle Stephen , Huang Morris 
Published: April 2020

Aim Maneuvering manual wheelchairs is defined by changes in momentum. The amount of effort required to maneuver a wheelchair is dependent on many factors, some of which reflect the design and configuration of the wheelchair. Objective The objective of this study was to measure the work required to propel a manual wheelchair configured with three weight distributions, three drive wheels and four casters. Methods A novel wheelchair-propelling robot was used as the test platform to measure work while traversing two surfaces using three different maneuvers which were defined to highlight different kinetic energies and energy loss mechanisms. Results Overall, propulsion cost decreased with an increase in load on the drive wheels. Pneumatic drive wheels exhibited lower propulsion costs compared to a solid tire. Two casters, a 4″ dia × 1.5″ and a 5″ dia × 1″, exhibited better overall performance compared to 5″ dia × 1.5″ solid and 6″ dia × 1″ pneumatic casters. Discussion The results indicate that drive wheel load and types of drive wheels and casters impact propulsion cost and their influences differ across maneuvers and surfaces. The approach is well suited to assess equivalency in components and configurations. Assessment of performance equivalency would empower clinicians and users with important knowledge when selecting components.