bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation for a multi-silique trait in Brassica napus by alternative splicing analysis
Authors: Chai Liang , Zhang Jinfang , Li Haojie , Zheng Benchuan , Jiang Jun , Cui Cheng , Jiang Liangcai 
Published: October 2020

Background
Flower and fruit development are vital stages of the angiosperm lifecycle. We previously investigated the multi-silique trait in the rapeseed (Brassica napus) line zws-ms on a genomic and transcriptomic level, leading to the identification of two genomic regions and several candidate genes associated with this trait. However, some events on the transcriptome level, like alternative splicing, were poorly understood.

Methods
Plants from zws-ms and its near-isogenic line (NIL) zws-217 were both grown in Xindu with normal conditions and a colder area Ma’erkang. Buds from the two lines were sampled and RNA was isolated to perform the transcriptomic sequencing. The numbers and types of alternative splicing (AS) events from the two lines were counted and classified. Genes with AS events and expressed differentially between the two lines, as well as genes with AS events which occurred in only one line were emphasized. Their annotations were further studied.

Results
From the plants in Xindu District, an average of 205,496 AS events, which could be sorted into five AS types, were identified. zws-ms and zws-217 shared highly similar ratios of each AS type: The alternative 5′ and 3′ splice site types were the most common, while the exon skipping type was observed least often. Eleven differentially expressed AS genes were identified, of which four were upregulated and seven were downregulated in zws-ms. Their annotations implied that five of these genes were directly associated with the multi-silique trait. While samples from colder area Ma’erkang generated generally reduced number of each type of AS events except for Intron Retention; but the number of differentially expressed AS genes increased significantly. Further analysis found that among the 11 differentially expressed AS genes from Xindu, three of them maintained the same expression models, while the other eight genes did not show significant difference between the two lines in expression level. Additionally, the 205 line-specific expressed AS genes were analyzed, of which 187 could be annotated, and two were considered to be important.

Discussion
This study provides new insights into the molecular mechanism of the agronomically important multi-silique trait in rapeseed on the transcriptome level and screens out some environment-responding candidate genes.
Cumulative Disadvantage and Disparities in Depression and Pain Among Veterans With Osteoarthritis: The Role of Perceived Discrimination
Authors: McClendon Juliette , Essien Utibe R. , Youk Ada , Ibrahim Said A. , Vina Ernest , Kwoh C. Kent , Hausmann Leslie R. M. 
Published: October 2020

ObjectivePerceived discrimination is associated with chronic pain and depression and contributes to racial health disparities. In a cohort of older adult veterans with osteoarthritis (OA), our objective was to examine how membership in multiple socially disadvantaged groups (cumulative disadvantage) was associated with perceived discrimination, pain, and depression. We also tested whether perceived discrimination mediated the association of cumulative disadvantage with depression and pain.MethodsWe analyzed baseline data from 270 African American veterans and 247 White veterans enrolled in a randomized controlled trial testing a psychological intervention for chronic pain at 2 Department of Veterans Affairs medical centers. Participants were age ≥50 years and self‐reported symptomatic knee OA. Measures included the Everyday Discrimination Scale, the Patient Health Questionnaire Depression Scale, the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index pain subscale, and demographic variables. Cumulative disadvantage was defined as the number of socially disadvantaged groups to which each participant belonged (i.e., self‐reported female sex, African American race, annual income of <$20,000, and/or unemployed due to disability). We used linear regression models and Sobel’s test of mediation to examine hypotheses.ResultsThe mean ± SD number of social disadvantages was 1.3 ± 1.0. Cumulative disadvantage was significantly associated with higher perceived discrimination, pain, and depression (P < 0.001 for all). Perceived discrimination significantly mediated the association between cumulative disadvantage and depression symptoms (Z = 3.75, P < 0.001) as well as pain severity (Z = 2.24, P = 0.025).ConclusionPerceived discrimination is an important psychosocial stressor that contributes to worsening OA‐related mental and physical health outcomes, with greater effects among those from multiple socially disadvantaged groups.
TSG‐6 Is Weakly Chondroprotective in Murine OA but Does not Account for FGF2‐Mediated Joint Protection
Authors: Zhu Linyi , Donhou Shannah , Burleigh Annika , Miotla Zarebska Jadwiga , Curtinha Marcia , Parisi Ida , Khan Sumayya Nafisa , Dell’Accio Francesco , Chanalaris Anastasios , Vincent Tonia L. 
Published: October 2020

ObjectiveTumor necrosis factor α–stimulated gene 6 (TSG‐6) is an anti‐inflammatory protein highly expressed in osteoarthritis (OA), but its influence on the course of OA is unknown.MethodsCartilage injury was assessed by murine hip avulsion or by recutting rested explants. Forty‐two previously validated injury genes were quantified by real‐time polymerase chain reaction in whole joints following destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) (6 hours and 7 days). Joint pathology was assessed at 8 and 12 weeks following DMM in 10‐week‐old male and female fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2)−/−, TSG‐6−/−, TSG‐6tg (overexpressing), FGF2−/−;TSG‐6tg (8 weeks only) mice, as well as strain‐matched, wild‐type controls. In vivo cartilage repair was assessed 8 weeks following focal cartilage injury in TSG‐6tg and control mice. FGF2 release following cartilage injury was measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.ResultsTSG‐6 messenger RNA upregulation was strongly FGF2‐dependent upon injury in vitro and in vivo. Fifteeen inflammatory genes were significantly increased in TSG‐6−/− joints, including IL1α, Ccl2, and Adamts5 compared with wild type. Six genes were significantly suppressed in TSG‐6−/− joints including Timp1, Inhibin βA, and podoplanin (known FGF2 target genes). FGF2 release upon cartilage injury was not influenced by levels of TSG‐6. Cartilage degradation was significantly increased at 12 weeks post‐DMM in male TSG‐6−/− mice, with a nonsignificant 30% reduction in disease seen in TSG‐6tg mice. No differences were observed in cartilage repair between genotypes. TSG‐6 overexpression was unable to prevent accelerated OA in FGF2−/− mice.ConclusionTSG‐6 influences early gene regulation in the destabilized joint and exerts a modest late chondroprotective effect. Although strongly FGF2 dependent, TSG‐6 does not explain the strong chondroprotective effect of FGF2.
Asymmetric Polymer Electrolyte Constructed by Metal–Organic Framework for Solid‐State, Dendrite‐Free Lithium Metal Battery
Authors: Wang Guoxu , He Pingge , Fan Li‐Zhen 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSolid‐state polymer electrolytes (SPEs) with flexibility, easy processability, and low cost have been regarded as promising alternatives for conventional liquid electrolytes in next‐generation high‐safety lithium metal batteries. However, SPEs generally suffer poor strength to block Li dendrite growth during the charge/discharge process, which severely limits their wide practical applications. Here, a rational design of 3D cross‐linked network asymmetric SPE modified with a metal–organic framework (MOF) layer on one side is proposed and prepared through an in‐situ polymerization process. In such unique asymmetric SPEs, the nanoscale MOF layer acts as a shield that effectively suppresses the growth of Li dendrites and regulates the uniform Li+ transport, and the polymer electrolyte can be scattered in the whole cell to endow the smooth transmission of Li+. As a result, the asymmetric SPE exhibits high ionic conductivity, wide electrochemical window, high thermal stability and safety, which endows the Li/Li symmetrical cell with outstanding cyclic stability (operate well over 800 h at a current density of 0.1 mA cm−2 for the capacity of 0.1 mAh cm−2).
Unraveling the Voltage Failure Mechanism in Metal Sulfide Anodes for Sodium Storage and Improving Their Long Cycle Life by Sulfur‐Doped Carbon Protection
Authors: Wang Fei , Han Fei , He Yulong , Zhang Jian , Wu Huang , Tao Ji , Zhang Chengzhi , Zhang Fuquan , Liu Jinshui 
Published: October 2020

AbstractMetal sulfides are emerging as a promising anode material for sodium‐ion batteries with high reversible capacities and fast reaction kinetics, but achieving long‐cycling‐life remains a great challenge. Here, taking cobalt sulfide as an example, its electrochemical sodium‐ion storage failure phenomenon is first reported, which indicates that the battery cannot reach the cut‐off voltage during charging. Detailed analyses demonstrate that such failure may originate from the dissolution and escape of polysulfide intermediates, further reacting with the released copper‐ions from the current collector and inducing the occurrence of the shuttle effect. Based on the explored failure mechanism, a sulfur‐doped carbon matrix with polar carbon sulfur bonds, which can firmly immobilize the dissolved polysulfides, is deliberately introduced into the Co1−xS active particles (Co1−xS/s‐C) to improve their cycle stability. Consequently, the cycle life of the Co1−xS/s‐C anode for sodium‐ion storage is extended from the original 125 to present 2000 cycles, even at high‐rate current densities. Moreover, utilizing the carbon current collector instead of traditional copper can effectively delay the occurrence of the failure phenomenon. The present work promotes better fundamental understanding of the structural evolution of metal sulfide anodes during cycles, and the solution strategy can be extended to apply in other metal sulfides (ZnS, NiS).
Functional Fibers and Fabrics for Soft Robotics, Wearables, and Human–Robot Interface
Authors: Xiong Jiaqing , Chen Jian , Lee Pooi See 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSoft robotics inspired by the movement of living organisms, with excellent adaptability and accuracy for accomplishing tasks, are highly desirable for efficient operations and safe interactions with human. With the emerging wearable electronics, higher tactility and skin affinity are pursued for safe and user‐friendly human–robot interactions. Fabrics interlocked by fibers perform traditional static functions such as warming, protection, and fashion. Recently, dynamic fibers and fabrics are favorable to deliver active stimulus responses such as sensing and actuating abilities for soft‐robots and wearables. First, the responsive mechanisms of fiber/fabric actuators and their performances under various external stimuli are reviewed. Fiber/yarn‐based artificial muscles for soft‐robots manipulation and assistance in human motion are discussed, as well as smart clothes for improving human perception. Second, the geometric designs, fabrications, mechanisms, and functions of fibers/fabrics for sensing and energy harvesting from the human body and environments are summarized. Effective integration between the electronic components with garments, human skin, and living organisms is illustrated, presenting multifunctional platforms with self‐powered potential for human–robot interactions and biomedicine. Lastly, the relationships between robotic/wearable fibers/fabrics and the external stimuli, together with the challenges and possible routes for revolutionizing the robotic fibers/fabrics and wearables in this new era are proposed.
A New Highly Anisotropic Rh‐Based Heusler Compound for Magnetic Recording
Authors: He Yangkun , Fecher Gerhard H. , Fu Chenguang , Pan Yu , Manna Kaustuv , Kroder Johannes , Jha Ajay , Wang Xiao , Hu Zhiwei , Agrestini Stefano , Herrero‐Martín Javier , Valvidares Manuel , Skourski Yurii , Schnelle Walter , Stamenov Plamen , Borrmann Horst , Tjeng Liu Hao , Schaefer Rudolf , Parkin Stuart S. P. , Coey John Michael D. , Felser Claudia 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe development of high‐density magnetic recording media is limited by superparamagnetism in very small ferromagnetic crystals. Hard magnetic materials with strong perpendicular anisotropy offer stability and high recording density. To overcome the difficulty of writing media with a large coercivity, heat‐assisted magnetic recording was developed, rapidly heating the media to the Curie temperature Tc before writing, followed by rapid cooling. Requirements are a suitable Tc, coupled with anisotropic thermal conductivity and hard magnetic properties. Here, Rh2CoSb is introduced as a new hard magnet with potential for thin‐film magnetic recording. A magnetocrystalline anisotropy of 3.6 MJ m−3 is combined with a saturation magnetization of μ0Ms = 0.52 T at 2 K (2.2 MJ m−3 and 0.44 T at room temperature). The magnetic hardness parameter of 3.7 at room temperature is the highest observed for any rare‐earth‐free hard magnet. The anisotropy is related to an unquenched orbital moment of 0.42 μB on Co, which is hybridized with neighboring Rh atoms with a large spin–orbit interaction. Moreover, the pronounced temperature dependence of the anisotropy that follows from its Tc of 450 K, together with a thermal conductivity of 20 W m−1 K−1, make Rh2CoSb a candidate for the development of heat‐assisted writing with a recording density in excess of 10 Tb in.−2.
A Biocompatible Nanofibers‐Based Microchip for Isolation and Nondestructive Release of Fetal Nucleated Red Blood Cells
Authors: Sun Yue , Li Naiqi , Cai Bo , Wei Xiaoyun , Wang Zixiang , Cui Heng , Zhao Dongshan , Zhang Yuanzhen , Zhao Xing‐Zhong 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe enrichment and analysis of fetal nucleated red blood cells (fNRBCs) with fetal intact genome provide an entry for noninvasive prenatal diagnostics (NIPD) as well as intervention of birth defects. Although efficiently fishing and counting fNRBCs from maternal peripheral blood is gaining tremendous interest for decades, it has been impeded recently by its low abundance. In this study, a compatible chitosan nanofiber microchip is developed to specifically capture and nondestructively release fNRBCs from maternal blood. The substrate has 3D nanostructures formed by electrospun chitosan nanofibers, which integrates with anti‐CD147 to capture fNRBCs with an efficiency of 90%. Subsequently, dithiothreitol is employed to release the captured cells with the efficiency up to 90% while the cell viability is kept at 91.2%. Using the chip, the fNRBCs are successfully isolated from peripheral blood of ten pregnant women in the first trimester ranging from 7 to 13 weeks. Overall, this nanofibrous bioplatform combined with functionalized interface molecules offers a promising strategy to isolate fNRBCs from early gestation period, and provides new prospects for advanced studies to facilitate NIPD in future.
Flexible Printed Organic Electrochemical Transistors for the Detection of Uric Acid in Artificial Wound Exudate
Authors: Galliani Marina , Diacci Chiara , Berto Marcello , Sensi Matteo , Beni Valerio , Berggren Magnus , Borsari Marco , Simon Daniel T. , Biscarini Fabio , Bortolotti Carlo A. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractLow‐cost, minimally invasive sensors able to provide real‐time monitoring of wound infection can enable the optimization of healthcare resources in chronic wounds management. Here, a novel printed organic electrochemical transistors (OECT) biosensor for monitoring uric acid (UA), a bacterial infection biomarker in wounds, is demonstrated in artificial wound exudate. The sensor exploits the enzymatic conversion of UA to 5‐hydroxyisourate, catalyzed by Uricase entrapped in a dual‐ionic‐layer hydrogel membrane casted onto the gate. The sensor response is based on the catalytic oxidation of the hydrogen peroxide, generated as part of the Uricase regeneration process, at the Pt modified gate. The proposed dual membrane avoids the occurrence of nonspecific faradic reactions as, for example, the direct oxidation of UA or other electroactive molecules that would introduce a potentially false negative response. The biosensor is robust and its response is reproducible both in phosphate buffer saline and in complex solutions mimicking the wound exudate. The sensor has a high sensitivity in the range encompassing the pathological levels of UA in wounds (<200 μm) exhibiting a limit of detection of 4.5 μm in artificial wound exudate. All these characteristics make this OECT‐based biosensor attractive for wound monitoring interfaced to the patient.
N−N Bond Formation Using an Iodonitrene as an Umpolung of Ammonia: Straightforward and Chemoselective Synthesis of Hydrazinium Salts
Authors: Tota Arianna , Colella Marco , Carlucci Claudia , Aramini Andrea , Clarkson Guy , Degennaro Leonardo , Bull James A. , Luisi Renzo 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe formation of hydrazinium salts by N−N bond formation has typically involved the use of hazardous and difficult to handle reagents. Here, mild and operationally simple conditions for the synthesis of hydrazinium salts are reported. Electrophilic nitrogen transfer to the nitrogen atom of tertiary amines is achieved using iodosylbenzene as oxidant and ammonium carbamate as the N‐source. The resulting process is highly chemoselective and tolerant to other functional groups. A wide scope is reported, including examples with bioactive molecules. Insights on the structure of hydrazinium salts were provided by X‐ray analysis.magnified image
Engineered Removal of Trace NH3 by Porous Organic Polymers Modified via Sequential Post‐Sulfonation and Post‐Alkylation
Authors: Kang Dong Won , Kang Minjung , Kim Dae Won , Kim Hyojin , Lee Yong Hoon , Yun Hongryeol , Choe Jong Hyeak , Hong Chang Seop 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAlthough NH3 is damaging to human health and the environment, a smart synthetic route toward adsorbents with controllable adsorption and desorption properties at ultralow concentrations remains unexplored. Herein, double postsynthetically modified porous organic polymers, obtained via post‐sulfonation and post‐alkylation, are reported. The sulfonated adsorbent, 1S, exhibits a record‐high NH3 capacity (4.03 mmol g−1) at ≈500 ppm. Notably, the polymer can capture NH3 even at a ppb concentration level. Hydrophobization of the sulfonated materials with alkyl chains affords cost‐effective and scalable adsorbents (1SCx and 1ESCx), which possess a high contact angle (≈120°) with water, thus resulting in rapid desorption kinetics and exceptional recyclability under dry and humid conditions at room temperature. This is the first demonstration of this design strategy for the control of the desorption of NH3 among porous adsorbents.
Remarkable High Thermoelectric Conversion Efficiency Materials of BeMF3 (M = Al, Y)
Authors: Sun Hai‐Long , Yang Chuan‐Lu , Wang Mei‐Shan , Ma Xiao‐Guang 
Published: October 2020

AbstractLarge dimensionless figure of merit (ZT) and high thermoelectric conversion efficiency (η) are key factors to achieve practical application for the semiconductor materials. Here, two semiconductor materials of BeMF3 (M = Al, Y) with excellent thermoelectric performance are reported. In particular, the ZT and η of BeMF3 reach 4.76 and 48%, respectively, which are larger than those of all the reported thermoelectric materials in the literature. The electronic properties of BeMF3 with first‐principles calculations based on density functional theory are carried out. The geometrical structures of BeMF3 are fully relaxed and stabilities are confirmed by phonon dispersions. Transport properties are determined by the semiclassical Boltzmann transport theory with accurate band structures. The results show that the regions of the large Seebeck coefficients and electrical conductivity are overlapped with those of the small electronic thermal conductivity for the n‐ and p‐type systems and especially true for BeYF3, which brings about the enhanced ZT values. Moreover, the small lattice thermal conductivities also contribute to the large ZT values.
Gate Stack Engineering in MoS2 Field‐Effect Transistor for Reduced Channel Doping and Hysteresis Effect
Authors: Sheng Yaochen , Chen Xinyu , Liao Fuyou , Wang Yin , Ma Jingyi , Deng Jianan , Guo Zhongxun , Bu Sitong , Shen Hui , Bai Fuyu , Huang Daming , Wang Jianlu , Hu Weida , Chen Lin , Zhu Hao , Sun Qingqing , Zhou Peng , Zhang David Wei , Wan Jing , Bao Wenzhong 
Published: October 2020

Abstract2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are promising semiconductive films for applications in future devices due to their prosperous and tunable band structures. However, most TMD‐based top gate transistors suffer from a significant doping effect in the channel due to the subsequent deposition high‐k dielectric layer and metal gate, which limits their practical applications. In this work, the channel doping effect caused by various processing steps based on mechanical exfoliated MoS2 sheets is systematically investigated. This work illustrates a clear correlation among these steps and provides a simple and efficient methodology to realize high‐performance enhancement mode MoS2 field effect transistors, which can be extended to other 2D materials.
Review of Emerging Concepts in SEI Analysis and Artificial SEI Membranes for Lithium, Sodium, and Potassium Metal Battery Anodes
Authors: Liu Wei , Liu Pengcheng , Mitlin David 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAnodes for lithium metal batteries, sodium metal batteries, and potassium metal batteries are susceptible to failure due to dendrite growth. This review details the structure–chemistry–performance relations in membranes that stabilize the anodes’ solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), allowing for stable electrochemical plating/stripping. Case studies involving Li, Na, and K are presented to illustrate key concepts. “Classical” versus “modern” understandings of the SEI are described, with an emphasis on the new structural insights obtained through novel analytical techniques, including in situ liquid‐secondary ion mass spectroscopy, titration gas chromatography, and tip‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy. This Review highlights diverse approaches for increasing SEI stability, either by inserting a secondary layer between the native SEI and the separator, or by combining the membrane with a native SEI to form a hybrid composite. Exciting and nonintuitive findings are discussed, such as that the metal anode roughness profoundly affects the SEI structure and stability, or that organic artificial SEI‐layers may be more effective than the native inorganic–organic SEIs. Emerging multifunctional architectures are presented, which serve a dual role as metal hosts and metal surface protection layers. Throughout the Review, fruitful future research directions and the critical areas where there is incomplete understanding are discussed.