bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Studi dukungan sosial keluarga dengan perkembangan kemandirian emosional remaja usia sekolah menengah pertama full day school
Authors: Mardiyah Itsna Abidah , Susanto Tantut , Susumaningrum Latifa Aini 
Published: December 2019

Early adolescents in high school with full-day school may not yet mature in emotional autonomy development. The purpose of this study is to analyze the correlation between family social support and emotional autonomy in adolescents aged junior high school full-day school in Districts of Jember. The design of this study is cross-sectional which is conducted among 154 adolescents aged 13-15 years with stratified random sampling. The questionnaire are self-administered questionnaires, participant characteristics, family social support (PSS-FA), and emotional autonomy (EAS) questionnaire. A Chi-square test was used to analyze to answer the research. Result shows that among adolescent have good family social support (70.8%) and high emotional autonomy (54.5%). There is a correlation between family social support and emotional autonomy of the adolescent with full-day school (X2=5.27; p-value=0.02). Adolescent with moderate family social support can prevent emotional autonomy immaturity (OR=0.427; 95% CI=0.205-0.891). Family social support is needed to develop maturity emotional autonomy among adolescents. Therefore, the parents need to give social support for adolescents during their change of development.
SELF-NANO EMULSIFYING DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM OF EFAVIRENZ: FORMULATION, IN VITRO EVALUATION AND CHARACTERIZATION
Authors: PAMU SANDHYA  
Published: December 2019

Objective: The main objective of this study was to preparation and evaluation of efavirenz (EFV) to enhance its solubility and dissolution rate by self-emulsifying drug delivery system.
Methods: EFV self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS) were formulated using different oils, surfactant, and co-surfactant. Peceol, Tween 20, and Capmul MCM were used as oil, surfactant, and co-surfactant, respectively, followed by the evaluation by the performance of different tests such as visual observation, solubility studies, thermodynamic stability study, transmittance studies, drug content, and in-vitro release study.
Results: Fourier-transform infrared studies revealed negligible drug and polymer interaction. From the phase diagram, it was observed that self-emulsifying region was enhanced with increasing surfactant and co-surfactant concentrations with oil. F13 was selected as optimized formulation on the basis of physicochemical parameters, particle size, and in-vitro dissolution studies with the release of 98.39±5.10% drug in 1 hour. The optimized formulation size was found to be 156.7 nm as mean droplet size and Z-Average of 808.6 nm with -18.3 mV as zeta potential.
Conclusion: The study demonstrated that SNEDDS was a promising strategy to enhance the dissolution rate of EFV by improving solubility.
SCREENING AND EVALUATION OF SECONDARY METABOLITES PRESENT IN PIPER CUBEBA
Authors: NIRMALA NITHYA R  , SAI NANDHINI R  
Published: December 2019

Objective: Bioactive compounds like phytochemicals are extracted mainly from plants, as they serve as traditional herbal medicine. The secondary metabolite such as alkaloids, flavonoids, and phenolic compounds serve as natural antioxidants and has been widely used due to its therapeutic applications. The objective of this study was to do preliminary phytochemical screening of the spice Piper cubeba.
Methods: Totally, three solvents were used to prepare the extract. Of all the three extracts used, methanolic extract showed higher release of secondary metabolites when compared to ethyl acetate and hexane extract. Further quantitative analysis was carried out with the methanolic extract.
Results: The presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, and tannins was observed. A significant result such as 1040 μg of Gallic acid equivalent/g of total concentration of flavonoid and 1280 μg of quercetin equivalent/g of total phenolic content was obtained.
A META-ANALYSIS COMPARING THE EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF TERLIPRESSIN AND OCTREOTIDE IN THE MANAGEMENT OF ACUTE VARICEAL BLEEDING
Authors: AKANKSHA MATHUR  , ACHAL SHARMA  
Published: December 2019

Objective: Various clinical trials have compared terlipressin and octreotide in the management of acute variceal bleed, but their results have been inconsistent. Therefore, the present meta-analysis was performed to compare the clinical efficacy and safety of terlipressin and octreotide and gather the strength of evidence regarding their use in variceal hemorrhage.
Methods: Randomized control trials were identified using PubMed search engine and Cochrane clinical trial register (from 1994 to 2019). Initial hemostasis rate, rebleeding rate on the 5th day, and overall mortality rate during the study period were studied. The extracted data were analyzed using review manager 5.3 software. Odds ratio with 95% confidence intervals (CI) was estimated for the dichotomous outcomes.
Results: A total of six randomized control trials were identified. Through comparisons of data for terlipressin and octreotide groups, we found no statistically significant differences in the initial hemostasis rate, rebleeding rate on the 5th day, and overall mortality rate between the different treatment approaches.
Conclusion: The comparison of terlipressin and octreotide showed them to be equally effective and safe therapeutic agents in patients of acute variceal bleeding. Further, evidence from the future randomized controlled trials with higher quality and larger sample sizes is needed to confirm these findings.
TO STUDY THE IN VITRO INHIBITION OF BLOOD PLATELET AGGREGATION BY ISOLATED COMPOUNDS FROM CLAUSENA DENTATA (WILLD.) ROEM.
Authors: ANNAMALAI MADURAM  , RAJU KAMARAJ  
Published: December 2019

Objectives: The objectives of the study were to study the antiplatelet aggregation activity of compounds isolated from extracts of Clausena dentata. Clausena (Rutaceae) is a genus of about 23 species of unarmed trees and shrubs. The stem bark of C. dentata is used in veterinary medicine for the treatment of wounds and sprains. Even though C. dentata has a lot of potential medical uses, the study of pharmacological properties is very scarce.
Methods: The plant C. dentata was collected from Kadagaman, near Tiruvannamalai, Tamil Nadu, India, and authenticated by Centre for Advanced Study in Botany, University of Madras, Chennai. The dry powder of stem bark was extracted with hexane, chloroform, and methanol. The extracts were subjected to qualitative phytochemical screening and column chromatography. Four compounds were isolated. All the isolated compounds were subjected to adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-induced platelet aggregation and compared with aspirin.
Results: The isolated compounds from C. dentata and standard aspirin showed significant antiplatelet activity against ADP-induced platelet aggregation.
Conclusion: The compounds, 3-(1,1-dimethylallyl)xanthyletin, dentatin, nordentatin, and carbazole showed significant antiplatelet aggregation activity. Among the compounds, nordentatin showed more activity of antiplatelet aggregation.
ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF ROBUSTA COFFEE (COFFEA CANEPHORA L.) LEAVES TO STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS AND ESCHERICHIA COLI
Authors: ZAMHARIRA MUSLIM  , YONANIKO DEPHINTO  
Published: December 2019

Objective: This research aims to analyze the ability of robusta coffee leaves fraction extract to inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli and also determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC).
Methods: Antibacterial activity evaluated by the disc diffusion method observed in four types of fraction of extract robusta coffee leaves (n-hexane, ethyl acetate, ethanol, and water). Each extract divided into three various concentrations, 5%, 10%, and 15%. Determination of antimicrobial activity in vitro by the disk diffusion method.
Results: Ethyl acetate fraction of coffee leaves extract produced the largest diameter zone of inhibition of bacterial growth compared to other extraction fractions of 17.28 mm in E. coli and 18.58 mm in S. aureus. The MIC of coffee leaves extract fraction water, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane on E. coli and S. aureus is 5%, while the fraction ethanol MIC is 10%.
Conclusion: The antibacterial effect of ethyl acetate fraction of coffee leaves extract showed an antibacterial effect that was better than the fraction of n-hexane, ethanol, and water.
ENDOTHELIAL PROTECTIVE ACTIVITY OF 2,6-DIISOBORNYL-4-METHYLPHENOL IN A MODEL OF MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA/REPERFUSION IN RATS
Authors: PETR P. SHCHETININ  , VERA I. SMOL’YAKOVA  , TATYANA M. PLOTNIKOVA  , ALEKSANDR V. KUCHIN  , AleksandrVLADIMIR V. UDUT  
Published: December 2019

Objective: Our research focuses on the endothelial protective effects of 2,6-diisobornyl-4-methylphenol. Its effect was revealed while studying rats experiencing myocardial ischemia/reperfusion. The research results demonstrated that there are significant disturbances in the vascular endothelium manifested by a decrease in the vasodilating activity and antiplatelet properties of 2,6-diisobornyl-4-methylphenol.
Methods: We designed our own model of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion and applied it to 52 adult outbred Wistar males. We employed some methods of hemostasiological research such as thromboelastography to determine the antiplatelet activity of the vascular wall, G. Born nephelometric method to study platelet aggregation, phase contrast microscopy to count platelet counts in blood plasma, measurement of intra-arterial pressure to study the endothelial vasodilating function, and calculated the endothelial dysfunction coefficient in rats.
Results: Preventive intragastric injection of 2,6-diisobornyl-4-methylphenol (100 mg/kg, 3 days before and 5 days after reproducing the myocardial ischemia/reperfusion model) increased the antiplatelet activity of the vascular endothelium in rats by 37% compared to the endothelium of the abdominal aorta segment of untreated animals. Moreover, 2,6-diisobornyl-4-methylphenol decreased the endothelial dysfunction coefficient by 43% in comparison with the value in the control group.
Conclusion: 2,6-diisobornyl-4-methylphenol has an endothelial protective effect proved by its ability to increase antiplatelet properties of the endothelium and decrease the endothelial dysfunction coefficient. The revealed endothelial protective properties of 2,6-diisobornyl-4-methylphenol can be regarded as one of the potential mechanisms of cardioprotective activity of the drug.
EPIDEMIOLOGIC ASPECTS OF TRAUMA IN AL-JOUF REGION, SAUDI ARABIA: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY
Authors: DOAA M ABDEL-SALAM  , RAWAN R ALRUWAILI  , FARAH S ALHABLANI  , NOUR H ALFAHEL  , ANWAR A ALBLAWI  
Published: December 2019

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the types, characteristics, and associated factors of trauma in Al-Jouf Region which is located in Northern part of Saudi Arabia.
Methods: The present study was conducted in the Emergency Department of Prince Meteb Hospital in Al-Jouf Region. A total number of 382 patients were enrolled in the present study. A pre-organized data form were designed for each patient attended the Emergency Department of Prince Meteb Hospital from January 2017 to January 2018. It included data about sociodemographic characteristics, type of trauma, and trauma characteristics.
Results: The mean age of the patients was 24.4±13.4 years. Most of the patients (75%) were <30 years old. Males (86.9%) were influenced by trauma more common than females. Most of the patients (84.8%) were from urban areas. Blunt trauma constituted 58.9% while, penetrating trauma 41.1%. The most common cause of trauma was road traffic accidents, which occurred among 40% of patients. The most frequent trauma site was head trauma (49%). Most of the patients (47.9%) reached the hospital within 30 min. Regarding the fate of patients, 46.1% discharged after management, 42.1% admitted to intensive care units, and only 11.8% died. Blunt trauma was significantly higher than penetrating trauma among the young age group. Patients with blunt trauma arrived hospital significantly earlier than patients with penetrating trauma. The fate of patients is significantly better in blunt trauma than penetrating trauma.
Conclusion: Trauma is considered to be a major public health problem, particularly in the young population in Saudi Arabia. Blunt trauma is more common than penetrating trauma, with road traffic accidents representing the majority.
THERMODYNAMIC AND KINETIC STUDIES FOR THE BINDING OF LEAD ION BY CHELATING WITH THEOPHYLLINE 1,3-DIMETHYLXANTHINE (THERAPY DRUG)
Authors: HUDA N AL-ANI  
Published: December 2019

Objective: Chelating therapy is a medical procedure that involves the administration of chelating agents to remove heavy metals from the body; chelating agents detoxify heavy metals and toxins, converting them to inactive forms which were excreted out from the body. This work demonstrates the complication of the drug with toxic heavy metal lead (Π) ion.
Methods: All the experiments were performed at different temperature (303, 308, 313, 318, and 323) °K, by spectrophotometric method. The electronic spectra of the mixture of drug and lead ion show a bathochromic (red) shift in ʎmax, the absorbance change caused by a complex arrangement between the lead ion and drug.
Results: The stoichiometry of the complex formed was calculated using continuous variation method, it was found (1:2) that the durability constant was estimated that the standard thermodynamic parameters ΔH°, ΔG°, and ΔS° were determined, the negative values of free energy changes ΔG° indicate a spontaneous complexation process. The positive values of enthalpy change indicate an endothermic process with an increase in entropy change ΔS° (positive), that means the process in an entropy driven.
Conclusion: The kinetic studies of the complexation of drug and ion were found to follow the second-order reaction, which was confined by the straight line and a high rate constant.
TO STUDY THE ULCEROPROTECTIVE EFFECT OF LEAVES OF MORINGA OLEIFERA ON EXPERIMENTALLY INDUCED INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE ON ANIMAL MODELS
Authors: SHIPRA KAUSHIK  , SHOBHIT KAUSHIK  
Published: December 2019

Objective: The present study was carried out to evaluate the ulceroprotective effect of ethanolic extract of leaves of Moringa oleifera (EEMO) on experimentally induced inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) on Albino (Wistar strain) rats.
Methods: The rats were divided into four groups of six animals each. Group A and Group B received gum acacia per orally (P.O.), Group C received EEMO in dose of 500 mg/kg/day P.O., and Group D received 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) in the dose of 100 mg/kg/day P.O. All the animals were pre-treated with respective drugs (volume of drugs was kept constant at 10 ml/kg) for 5 days, along with the normal diet. On 5th day, animals were kept fasting for 12 h (overnight), and IBD was induced next morning in Groups B, C, and D by the administration of 1 ml of 4% acetic acid solution transrectally (TR). Group A (normal control) received 0.9% normal saline TR instead.
Results: The results have been shown that EEMO has significant activity against experimentally induced IBD when compared to the experimental control, with near normalization of colon architecture both macroscopically as well as microscopically. Tissue oxidative stress was reduced with significant improvement in tissue levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). Furthermore, significant improvement in levels of myeloperoxidase (MPO) was observed.
Conclusion: It is concluded that EEMO has got potent activity against experimentally induced IBD due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
Formulation and In-vitro evaluation of sustained release matrix tablet of Metformin hydrochloride
Authors: Gaware Ravi U , Waykar Gayatri R , Yewale Madhuri K , Mhaske Rutuja B , Mhaske Poonam S 
Published: December 2019

The low bioavailability and short half-life of Metformin hydrochloride (MH) make the development of sustained-release forms desirable. Present work involves preparation and optimization of sustained release matrix tablet of MH by direct compression method using HPMC K 100 and ethyl cellulose as a matrix forming polymer. Avicel was added as a direct compaction vehicle to improve the compaction behavior of Metformin which otherwise exhibits poor compaction behavior which again is further increased by its relatively high dose. Hydrophilic matrix of HPMC alone resulted in initial burst of Metformin release, however when combined with ethyl cellulose drug release was slowed down and thereafter it became optimal at particular concentration of polymers.
Keywords: Metformin, HPMC, Ethyl cellulose, sustained release, matrix, tablet.
Políticas públicas y embarazo adolescente. Un estudio de caso en Caleta Olivia para el ajuste y adecuación de las políticas del Ministerio de Desarrollo Social orientadas a la población adolescente
Authors: Roldán Sandra , Guerra Lía , Isla Agueda , López Graciela 
Published: December 2019

Parte fundamental, y condición inicial, de la solución de un problema es tenerlo claramente identificado. En tal sentido, la provincia de Santa Cruz no cuenta con un sistema estadístico relativo a la niñez y adolescencia, el cual – según declaraciones recientes de funcionarios con competencia en el área – se hallaría en construcción. La ONU ha observado (6/12/16) que en la mayoría de los países no existen datos sistematizados para orientar las políticas, detectar deficiencias y optimizar la asignación de recursos. Argentina, y particularmente la provincia de Santa Cruz no son una excepción. Por ello el objetivo del proyecto se centró en producir conocimiento sobre el estado de situación del embarazo adolescente y las políticas públicas implementadas para su prevención, con objeto de contribuir al mejoramiento de su eficacia, para lo cual se realizó un estudio de tipo exploratorio cuanti-cualitativo. En primer lugar, se procedió a la caracterización de planes y programas nacionales y provinciales, y en segundo lugar el desarrollo de talleres para adolescentes en el CIC, charlas en escuelas, entrevistas a gestoras de políticas públicas y un conversatorio popular. Pese a las cuantiosas inversiones estatales puede observarse que, la tasa de fecundidad adolescente -fuertemente correlacionada con la desigualdad social- no desciende en términos comparativos en la región al mismo tiempo que se presentan yuxtaposiciones, desacoples y desarticulaciones en las políticas públicas, un alto esfuerzo de articulación en territorio que resulta insuficiente, y adolescentes que, pese a la existencia de acciones del estado, no se perciben como destinatarios/as de dichas políticas.
ANALYSIS OF FACTORS AFFECTING GUEST DECISION IN PURCHASE OF ROOM SERVICE IN HOTEL “GRAND INNA PADANG”
Authors: Abrian Youmil , Adrian Arif , Surendra Rian 
Published: December 2019

This paper was conducted to determine what factors encourage consumer decisions in choosing Grand Inna Hotel Padang, as well as the contribution of each of these factors. Researchers used the Grand Inna Hotel Padang because the hotel is owned by the government. Grand Inna Hotel Padang has unstable occupancy then affects to the hotel revenue. The results showed that there are 7 factors considered by consumers in rooms purchasing Grand Inna hotel Padang, the 7 factors mentioned are price factors, service factors, motivation and lifestyle factors, reference group factors, hospitality factors, MICE and brand image. Each of these factors contributes substantially to encouraging consumers to choose Grand Inna hotel Padang. The population of the study was consumers who had stayed at the Grand Inna Hotel Padang. The sampling technique used purposive sampling with a total sample is 100 respondents. The data analysis technique is factor analysis to determine the factors considered by consumers and multiple regression analysis to determine the extent factors considered affect the purchasing decision. From the results of multiple regression analysis found that the 7 factors together have a significant effect on decision in decisions purchase room service at the Grand Inna Hotel Padang.
Fethiye Yöresinde Yetiştirilen Gökkuşağı Alabalıklarının (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum 1792) Doğal Radyoaktivite Düzeyleri
Authors: Özmen Süleyman Fatih , Yılmaz Mesut 
Published: December 2019

Bu çalışmada Fethiye yöresinde
yetiştirilen gökkuşağı alabalıklarının farklı dokularındaki doğal radyonüklit (226Ra, 232Th
ve 40K) konsantrasyonları belirlenmiştir. Bu amaçla 4 farklı
çiftlikten yaklaşık aynı boylarda olan porsiyonluk balıklar alınarak solungaç,
karaciğer, deri ve kas dokuları ayrılmıştır. İşletmelerin kullandığı
porsiyonluk balık yemleri de örneklenmiştir. Numunelerin yüksek çözünürlüklü germanyum
dedektörü ile gama spektrometrik ölçümleri gerçekleştirilmiş ve radyolojik risk
faktörleri değerlendirilmiştir. Alabalık örneklerinin yenilebilen kısımlarında 226Ra
aktivitesinin 1,47±0,14-8,26±0,78 Bq kg-1, 232Th aktivitesinin
ÖSA-3.38±0.30 Bq kg-1
ve 40K aktivitesinin 54,94±2,23-140,86±5,82 Bq kg-1
aralığında değiştiği gözlenmiştir. Örneklerin radyum eşdeğer aktivitesi ve
yıllık etkin dozu sırasıyla 6,45-23,94 Bq
kg-1 ve 1,87-4,80 µSv
y-1 olarak
hesaplanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular balık yetiştiriciliği için referans oluşturması
bakımından önemlidir.
Su Ürünlerinde Halofilik Bakteriler ve Endüstriyel Alanda Kullanımları
Authors: Kılınç Berna 
Published: December 2019

Su
ürünlerine tuz ilave edilmesi ürünlerin su aktivitesini düşürmekte bozulmayı
geciktirmektedir. Ancak tuzlanmış, salamura, marine edilmiş, fermente su
ürünlerinde tuzu seven ve tuza tolerans gösteren halofilik bakterilerin
gelişimine neden olabilmektedir. Bu nedenle işlenmiş su ürünlerinde bozulmaya
daha çok tuzu seven ve tuza tolerans gösteren halofilik bakteriler sebep
olmaktadır. Halofilik bakterilerin işlenmiş su ürünlerinde gelişimi kalite
kaybına neden olabilmektedir ancak tuza toleranslı olan bazı halofilik
bakterileri türlerinin fermente
ürünlerde gelişimi ürünlerde istenen tat ve aroma gelişimine neden
olabilmektedir. Ayrıca halofilik bakterilerin endüstriyel alanda çok sayıda
kullanım alanıda bulunmaktadır. Bu nedenle bu derleme çalışmasında halofilik
bakterileri türleri, denizlerden,
tuz göllerinden, tuzlardan, tuzlanmış
ve fermente balık ürünlerinden izole edilen halofilik bakteriler, tuz ve tuzlanmış ve fermente balık
ürünleri tüketiminin insan sağlığına etkileri, su ürünlerinde halofilik bakterilerin
inhibisyonu ve halofilik bakterilerin endüstriyel alanda kullanımları konularında
yapılmış çalışmalara değinilmiştir.