bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of no-till and traditional technologies for Triticum Aestivum L. cultivation
Authors: Izotov A M , Turin E N , Turina E L , Zhenchenko K G , Gongalo A A , Susskiy A N 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The research purpose is to compare the no-till Triticum aestivum L. cultivation technology with a traditional cultivation system and their influence on soil moisture, the number of weeds, soil density, aggregate composition and a structure coefficient. The studies were conducted in 2015–2018 in the Steppe Crimea. Crop rotations consist of the same set of plants with the exception of the first link: under the traditional system: black fallow – winter wheat — oil flax — winter barley — grain sorghum; under the no-till system, pea was sowed at the first field. The experiments were conducted in accordance with generally accepted methods of field experiments in agriculture and crop production. By the time of sowing, a larger amount of moisture accumulated in the black fallow compared to the field of peas. It was 0–10; 0–20; 0–100 cm for 1.9; 5.5 and 20.6 mm, respectively. In spring, the amount of productive moisture was at the same level. Under the traditional system, it was 104; under the direct sowing, it was 102 mm. Using the direct sowing technology, the absence of mechanical soil loosening had no effect on the density parameter in comparison with the traditional farming system: density was normal, regardless of the farming system: 1.13 g/cm3 under the traditional system, and 1.19 g/cm3 under the direct sowing system; in the 10-30 cm layer, it was 1.45 g/cm3; in general, in the 0–30 cm layer, the difference was not significant (1.34 and 1.36 g/cm3). The species composition of weeds did not change. The direct sowing technology used for untreated soil had a positive effect on the soil structure. By the third year of research, the coefficient of structure was 2.94 (under the traditional system), and 4.05 (under the direct sowing system).
Resource-saving method of chemical treatment of tilled crops
Authors: Borisenko I B , Ovchinnikov A S , Meznikova M V , Fomin S D , Bocharnikov V S , Rogachev A F , Ulybina E I 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article discusses the state of natural resources as a result of the use of traditional tillage technologies, suggests ways to solve them by switching to the resource-saving strip-till cultivation technology. Analyzed production costs for chemical processing and identified the shortcomings of serial machines for chemical processing of plants. The proposed technology and technical solution for the use of band spraying with the redistribution of working solutions for the objects of impact, taking into account the phase of crop development, which allows accurately making the active substance on the object of impact, which reduces hectare application rates and stresses of cultivated plants, saves money on chemical processing solving environmental problems by reducing the chemical load on the soil. An algorithm has been developed to recalculate the rate of application, as well as a calculator has been upgraded to select the nozzle number at the optimum pressure in the system, taking into account the hectare consumption and the speed of the unit in relation to the resource-saving method of chemical treatment of plants. As a result of the calculations, when using a resource-saving method of chemical processing of tilled crops, the consumption of the working solution is reduced compared to a continuous spraying when applied to crops with a row spacing of 0.7 m by 31.4%, with a row spacing of 0.9 m by 38.9%. This method allows adding a set of machines for mechanical tillage in the framework of the Strip-till strip technology.
Fattening calves using vegetable waste and sunflower
Authors: Vyayzenen G , Marinets V , Marinets R , Vyayzenen A , Barashkov A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The results of wholesale on the use of waste of vegetable crops and sunflower when fattening gobies of the black-and-white breed are given. Six groups of uncastrated bulls were formed: control, I experienced, II experienced, III experienced, IV experienced and V experienced (on the principle of analogous groups, taking into account age and body weight and origin). All gobies (control and experimental groups) were given 17.2 kg of silage from cereal perennial grasses and 3.65 kg of mixed feed and 9.5 kg of brewer’s grain, 80g of fodder chalk each. The gobies of the experimental groups were given various wastes of vegetable crops and sunflower (at 30 g / head / day): I experienced — did not feed them, II experienced — pepper stalks, III experimental — sunflower stalks, IV experimental — cucumber stalks, V experimental — stalks tomatoes (in the form of flour). The live weight of bulls when removed from fattening for the control group is 297.0 ± 0.19 kg, the experienced ones - from 304.6 ± 0.12 kg (hay with KKS and without feed additives) to 317.7 ± 0.24 kg (114.7%, tomato stalks). Average daily gains in live weight are from 801 ± 14.6 g (hay with CCR) to 874 ± 16.7 (tomato stalks, P <0.001) versus 762 ± 16.4 g in the gobies of the control group.
Wood waste of forest industry of siberia for feeding cows
Authors: Ivanova O V , Ivanov E A , Tereschenko V A , Efimova L V , Zaznobina T V , Frolova O A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Full realization of genetic potential of productivity of livestock in the conditions of industrial technologies is impossible without using in its diets of various biologically active additives providing increase in productivity and standardization of indicators of homeostasis. The research has been conducted in “Breeding Farm Taezhny” Ltd, Sukhobuzimsky territory of Krasnoyarsk region. The influence of feeding coniferous flour and pine nut shells on milk productivity of black-motley breed cows at the age of the second calving has been studied. Three groups of 5 cows in each were formed. The period of the experiment lasted 100 days. As a result, the analysis of composition of the studied feed additives, milk productivity, hematological and biochemical blood tests were made. Milk yield of the cows receiving coniferous flour in addition to the main diet was higher than in the control group by 13.5 %, and the cows receiving a shell of pine nut – by 4.3 %, in terms of basic fat content by 22.7-15.7 %, respectively. The increase of milk productivity by adding the coniferous flour allowed reducing the cost of 1 kg of milk by 2.2 rubles or 13.1 %, increase profits by 9.442 rubles or 36.5 %.
Studying the structure of pricopopulations and quality of seed seeds of bushes Ural river loan
Authors: Ryabinina Z N , Kalyakina R G , Ryabukhina M V , Khalikov B M , Bisaliev I N 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article presents the results of studying the species structure, abundance and quality of seed material of shrubs in the floodplain of the Ural River. The most frequently encountered species was Rosa majalis and Lonisera tatarica (the frequency of occurrence for both species is 63%), which remain viable after more or less prolonged flooding with flood waters and withstand their alluvial sleep. Rhamnus cathartica (53.6%) and Prunus spinosa (51.2%) can also be attributed to the number of commonly seen speciesThe least encountered species were Elaeagnus angustifolia, Euonymus verrucosa, Cotoneaster melanocarpus, Corylus avellana, Crataegus ambigua, which were found in only one type of forest. At the same time, germination, viability and high quality met standard quality indicators. Cerasus fruticosa seeds were characterized by the highest sowing qualities, the least - by Ribes nigrum.
Intensity of spring wheat transpiration due to weather factors and methods of basic tillage
Authors: Besaliev I N , Sandakova G N , Panfilov AP 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The paper presents the study of daily course transpiration of the three upper leaves of cultivars of spring hard wheat of different origin, grown against the background of two methods of primary tillage in different conditions of the vegetation period according to weather factors. The studies were carried out according to the method of rapid weighing using the torsion scales VT-500 three times during the day (9:00, 12:00 and 15:00 hours) in the phases of stem elongation and wheat earing. The paper identifies cultivar specificity of the course of daytime transpiration, the influence of soil tillage methods on the amount of transpiration, as well as a significant dependence on weather factors over the years of study. The results can be used in practical breeding with the perspective assessment of varieties according to the transpiration activity of the leaves in the most important phases of the spring wheat growing season. In connection with changes in the climatic factor in the direction of increasing aridity, it is important to know the patterns of the response of the plant organism to the extreme conditions and the possibility of its use in breeding practice. The results obtained can substantiate the needs to use various methods of basic processing to reduce negative weather factors.
Water saving eco-friendly technology of rice irrigation
Authors: Kruzhilin I P , Dubenok N N , Ganiev M A , Melikhov V V , Rodin K A , Fomin S D 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The results of research on the development of less water-intensive rice irrigation technology with periodic irrigation, allowing to reduce the cost of irrigation water in 3-5 times are presented. This irrigation technology solves a number of environmental problems associated with the formation of water deficit in the sources of irrigation, the water table rise, salinization, waterlogging, acidification and utilization of polluted waste and drainage water. During the development of water-saving technologies of rice irrigation special attention is paid to the development of high crops and systems of plant protection from weeds. The article provides recommendations for maintaining a less intensive water regime of soil with a humidity not lower than 80% HB from sowing to the end of the tillering stage in a layer of 0.4 m with a subsequent increase to 0.6 m, from wax to full ripeness of grain not lower than 70% HB. The combination of such water regime with fertilizer rate N109P62K75 provides a rice yield of 5.0 t/ha, a rate of N131P74K90 – 6.0 t/ha and a rate of N157P90K108 – 7.0 t/ha.
Monitoring of flooding of rice irrigation systems via laser scanning and digital imaging
Authors: Solodunov A A , Bandurin M A , Pshidatok S K 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The paper presents the study of various technologies to monitor flooding of rice irrigation systems and hydraulic engineering structures as such. It considers planning and prospects of improvement through the introduction of modern systems of laser scanning and digital imaging. It also analyzes the condition of planning works on rice fields in Lower Kuban. This year it is planned to sow 134.5 thousand hectares of rice this year in Krasnodar Krai, which is nearly 8 thousand more than last year. The region produces 87% of rice in Russia. Rice irrigation systems within the rice cultivation region cover huge territories with different agrometeorological and hydro-reclamation conditions. The cultivation of this culture is critical in relation to humidity of top soil, its temperature and surface microrelief. Rice industry in Krasnodar Krai is still reviving. Today the productivity of this culture in Russia makes about 200 thousand tons of grain annually. This is quite sufficient to satisfy the domestic needs of the country. Russia even has an opportunity to import about 50 thousand tons of grain annually. The total length of flood embankment from the Krasnodar reservoir to the mouths of the Kuban and the Protoka rivers is 650 km. Since 1998 and till present, the flood embankment systems were examined several times to detect sites in unsatisfactory technical condition threatening the emergency burst. Technical condition of the flood embankment system of the Kuban and the Protoka rivers is considered emergency. The design of rice irrigation systems is based on the modular principle satisfying the integrated approach to internal network. It is recommended to introduce the new way of planning thus ensuring the maximum approximation of surfaces of rice fields to a horizontal surface.
Monitoring the state and ecological ameliorative effect of tree and shrub coulisse and row plantings on pastures in the arid conditions of the northern Caspian
Authors: Lepesko V V , Belyaev A I , Pleskachev Yu N , Fomin S D , Pugacheva A M , Rybashlykova L P 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The paper summarizes results of long-term observations of the state of roadside tree and shrub plantings of Ulmus parvifolia, Tamarix ramosissima, Calligonum aphyllum and Haloxylon aphyllum in the arid conditions of the Northern Caspian. All said species show high survival on sandy loam soils, are drought-resistant and long-living (40 and more years). Studies have shown ecological and ameliorative effect of plantings on the vegetation cover of adjacent pastures and protection of the route Astrakhan-Volgograd from sand drifts and snowstorms of East and South-East directions.
Science-based regimes of corn irrigation for grain in the reclaimed lands of Rostov region
Authors: Gurina I V , Mikheev N V , Shcherenko A I 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The purpose of the studies conducted in 2013-2015 was to develop scientifically grounded regimes of corn irrigation for grain during sprinkler irrigation with the use of wide-capacity sprinklers. Field research was carried out at the pilot site in Svetlagorskoye, Bagaevsky District, Rostov Region. As a result, it was established that during the dry growing season (at HTC = 0.59) to maintain the specified thresholds of soil moisture 7 growing season irrigations by irrigation rates from 240 to 500 m3/ha were carried out. The irrigation rate was 3040 m3/ha. At HTC = 0.50, 6 vegetative waterings were carried out according to the norms from 300 to 500 m3/ha. The irrigation rate was 2400 m3/ha. At HTC = 0.58 8 vegetation irrigation with irrigation rates from 350 to 450 m3/ha was carried out, irrigation rate was 3400 m3/ha. B our studies also determined the total water consumption by the water balance method. The analysis of the total water consumption structure allowed establishing that the main share in the structure (up to 70%) was the irrigation rate, then precipitation and productive moisture reserves used by plants.
Comparative evaluation of productivity of ryegrass and ryegrass-goatling grass stands affected by different mineral and organomineral nutrition
Authors: Khismatullin M M , Khismatullin M M , Vafina L T , Safiollin F N 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Production volumes must be increased not by any means, but only by those of them that are economically sound and justify the labor of present-day agricultural workers and funds spent on solution of its problems. The number of such priorities undoubtedly includes realization of the complex program of developing biotechnologies, approved by the President of the Russian Federation, V.V. Putin, on April 24, 2012. It is aimed at the reduction of expenditures on the production of competitive, environmentally safe foodstuff based on widespread use of modern fertilizing and stimulating compositions, organic and mineral nutrient solutions and biological preparations. In this connection, the questions of foliar dressing, discussed in this work, using various nutrient solutions, containing highly digestible amino acids and chelate forms of microfertilizers of poorly explored in Middle Volga region ryegrass agrocoenoses, are not only relevant, but are also significant from the theoretical and practical viewpoints.
Improvement of grain processing via ultrasonic treatment
Authors: Rudik F Ya , Morgunova N L , Semilet N A , Tuliyeva M S 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The theoretical study made it possible to define the main correlation dependences affecting the efficiency of grain preparation for milling. Experimental studies allowed improving the technology of grain softening and washing. Design and operating parameters of ultrasonic facility and technology ensuring high degree of grain cleaning and moistening were studied and structured, namely: ultrasound frequency – 18 kHz; process temperature – 30-40 °C; processing time – 30-40 s; intensity of ultrasonic waves – 1 W/cm2.
Assessing a dryer state using the parameters of a spent drying agent
Authors: Sorochinsky V F , Dogadin A L 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The paper analyzes the control of regime parameters during grain drying in grain dryers. It has been established that direct monitoring of the heating temperature of grain and its humidity in the dryer column in the grain layer is complicated by the uncertainty of sensor readings placed in the layer, which is caused by a significant difference in the heating temperature of the grain as a thermolabile material and a high-temperature heat carrier. The work considers various methods of preventing fire-hazardous situations and deterioration of grain quality as a result of its overheating by traditional methods by mechanical sampling of grain from a column and measuring its temperature and humidity using dielectric, conductometric or microwave methods of measurement. In order to determine the heating temperature of the grain indirectly by the temperature of the spent drying agent, an installation has been developed. The results of its production tests, the prototype design and technical characteristics are presented. Additional production studies have been carried out to determine the change in the moisture content of grain during the drying process in the grain dryer columns by an indirect method based on the relative humidity of the spent drying agent, as well as laboratory tests on the created testbed. The studies were carried out on wheat grain, grain mixture of wheat and barley, and sunflower seeds. The studies have shown high convergence of results in temperature and good convergence in grain moisture. According to the results of joint mathematical processing of the results of production and laboratory tests, regression equations were obtained for calculating the heating temperature and grain moisture during the drying process using the parameters of the spent drying agent: temperature and its relative humidity.
Analytical determination of the rational angle of lifting: the soil cooking organ
Authors: Vasilenko V , Vasilenko S 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The aim of the study is to search for the analytical dependence of the force of resistance of the wedge on the lifting angle in the case of working with wet soil, which does not crumble into fragments, but slides along the wedge in the form of a continuous tape. Tillage tools can have front and rear sharpening angles. The front angle raises the soil layer, and this action is most common in tillage. The rear corner seals the bottom of the furrow, so it is undesirable in plows. To determine the rational angle of inclination of the entire working surface under working conditions with wet soil, an analytical equation has been obtained, which is applicable if the technological indicators of the soil are observed in a particular field, especially indicators of soil sticking to the working surfaces. In this equation, the traction resistance of the wedge depends on the density of the soil, friction coefficient, tensile strength and shear strength. In the calculations, the deformation of the soil layer was taken inherent in the wetted state with the presence of plant residues, that is, the soil retains the shape of a continuous ribbon in its movement along the working surface of the wedge. According to the results of field studies of the experimental and basic plows, it was determined that on loamy soil with a moisture content of 16 to 22%, an rational angle of elevation of the tillage tool can be taken as an angle of 18 °. An experimental plow with a plowshare angle of 18 ° compared to a basic plow with a lifting angle of 30 ° showed an increase in productivity by 19% and a reduction in specific fuel consumption by 17% due to a decrease in traction resistance and, as a result, by reducing the likelihood of sticking of the soil and rare stops for cleaning the working bodies.
Efficiency of multifunctional chelate complexes used during spring wheat cultivation
Authors: Nikiforov V M , Nikiforov M I , Chekin G V , Silaev A L , Smolskii E V , Nechaev M M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Field experiments conducted in 2015-2017 on gray forest soils of Bryansk region (Russia) substantiated the effectiveness of multifunctional chelate mixtures for producing wheat grain. It was revealed that at the tillering and earing stages, double foliar fertilizing of crops using multifunctional chelate mixtures based on succinic acid (3.0 l/ha) instead of nitrogen N30 (at the tillering stage) increases the yield by 1.5-2.0%, decreases production costs by 30% and increases profitability of grain production by 100%.
The use of current sources in electrokinetics to create independent irrigation stations
Authors: Porsev E G , Arshinov S A , Alchinov A I , Tsarev R Yu 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In order to implement agricultural products plantation it has been suggested to take the advantage of electrokinetic phenomena with the account of the technology multifactority and relaxation phe-nomena. The issue of energy cost reduction with new approaches, influencing the process of irri-gation of the soil root layer and saving natural resources has been considered.
Structuring carbon alloys due to carbon mass transfer
Authors: Gribenchenko A V , Ovchinnikov A S , Gapich D S , Motorin V A , Novikov A E , Bocharnikov V S , Fomim S D 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The wear of parts of the threshing apparatus of a combine harvester inevitably leads to the deterioration of the threshing of the grain mass, which in turn leads to the loss of grain. One of these parts involved in the direct threshing process is the whipping threshing drum made of high carbon steel. Used steels of increased strength for the manufacture of parts, components and structures of agricultural machines requiring restoration using surfacing with wear-resistant coatings are hampered due to the tendency of such steels to form hot and cold cracks in the near-weld zone. The main reason for the formation of cold cracks during the welding of steel parts is considered to be the unfavorable development of physicochemical processes in the heat-affected zone of welding. The highest probability of the formation of deformations and residual stresses in austenitized regions of the heat-affected zone is characteristic of steels with a high carbon equivalent. As a result of the research conducted, the possibility of reducing the carbon content in the welded edges and weld surfaces of carbon steel products by creating a temperature gradient in them directed from the surface to the core was substantiated and experimentally confirmed. The local decarburization that occurs during this process is reversible, and after performing the surfacing, it is easily eliminated by normalization.
Conceptual model of zonal structuring of functional areas of working elements for soil treatment
Authors: Motorin V A , Gapich D S , Fomin S D , Bocharnikov V S , Gribenchenko A V 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The working elements of machines for the treatment of soils should have high rates of wear resistance and resistance to shock loads. Moreover, different parts of the working bodies have different functional purposes, and, therefore, should have different mechanical characteristics. Based on this, a conceptual model of rational structuring of functional zones of working bodies for soil treatment is proposed, providing radically different parts of the mechanical characteristics.