bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Harnessing perennial and indeterminant growth habits for ratoon cotton (
Gossypium
spp.) cropping
Authors: Zhang Xin , Kong Xiangjun , Zhou Ruiyang , Zhang Zhiyong , Zhang Jinbao , Wang Linsong , Wang Qinglian 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT
Ratoon is the stub or root of a perennial plant that is commonly retained after harvest to produce a following crop. This paper presents a review of ratoon cotton in relation to a broader framework that has been examining perennialization of agriculture for the benefit of ecology and economy. Cotton is botanically indeterminate, but has been treated as an annual after domestication, yet the habit of perenniality is retained and the plants begin to resprout after the first harvest. In some cropping systems, this tendency is exploited using the “ratooning” practice (i.e. growing one or more crops on the rootstock of the first). Ratooning has declined for various reasons such as an increase in the prevalence of pests and diseases and overwintering risk. However, ratooning has many benefits such as no annual tillage before sowing, a well-established root system, and high yield. The three methods of ratooning offer flexibility to balance the environmental and economic benefits in agriculture. The greatest environmental benefits arise from perennial ratoon cropping of semi-wild cotton, and the greatest economic benefit is obtained from biannually cropping modern annual cultivars. However, an optimum solution would be provided by perennial cropping annual cultivars. To realize both environmental and economic benefits, research is needed in the following main areas: preventing the buildup of pests and diseases, breeding the most suitable cotton cultivars for ratooning, and developing light and simplified cultivation (LSC) systems for ratoon cultivation.
Judicial Ethics, Everyday Work, and Emotion Management
Authors: Anleu Sharyn Roach , Mack Kathy , Elek Jennifer , Rottman David 
Published: January 2020

AbstractJudicial ethics and conduct guides emphasize dignity, decorum, patience, and courtesy, contributing to an understanding of judging as rational, detached, and unemotional. However, these are also interactional capacities, implying the presence of emotion and emotion work. Empirical research finds that judicial officers express considerable awareness of the need for judicial emotional capacities and emotion work and undertake a range of strategies to manage emotion. This judicial experience shows that available guidance does not adequately address emotion in judicial officers’ everyday work. Improved guidance will explicitly recognize judicial work as an interactional space, generating emotion and demanding emotion work.
Improvement of metrological reliability in the measurement of coolant flow and the amount of heat at housing and communal facilities
Authors: Polovneva S I , Tolstoy M Yu 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The authors examine dynamic and metrological characteristics of a vortex-acoustic flowmeter, a classification, a brief description, and the operation principle of widely used flowmeters. They present the results of research and exploitation of vortex-acoustic and electromagnetic flowmeters within the calibration interval (CI), obtained on an automated laboratory research test bench. The authors give some practical advice on choice of devices for flow metering based on the procedure of metrological reliability.
The efficiency of bark and wood fuel utilization in the hot water boilers
Authors: Lyubov V K , Popov A N , Popova E I 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The commissioning of a hot water boiler house at SJSC “Sawmill 25” was another major step in increasing of efficiency of the integrated use of wood raw in the enterprise. It required efficiency assessment of burning bark and wood fuel in the combustion chambers of PR 8000 boilers. For this purpose, the comprehensive energy audit of boiler house equipment was carried out, the biofuel mixture as fired and the residues of combustion were analyzed. The moister content of bark and wood fuel was 50.83–54.82 %. The proportion of bark in the fuel varied in the range from 55 to 77 %. As a result of the energy audit, the components of boilers heat balance were calculated. In this case, combined relative and calorimetric method supplemented with thermal imaging was used to determine external heat loss. Gaseous and particulate emissions were determined with electrochemical and weight methods. Distribution of combustibles in fly ash fractions was analyzed. The overall separation efficiency of gas cleaning plants was determined. Gas-entrained soot particles were studied with an electronic scanning microscope. Based on the analysis, recommendations were elaborated to improve the energy-ecological performance of the tested boiler house and to reduce the emission of particulate matter. Measures for partial or complete removal of restrictions on the furnace draft when burning bark and wood fuel with a relative moister content of more than 55% were proposed. The energy audit showed that the design characteristics of the main and auxiliary equipment of PR-8000 boiler provide sufficiently high energy-ecological performance if the grates surfaces are used effectively and the vacuum in the combustion chambers is close to the optimum values.
Mathematical modeling of combustion wave propagating in SH-synthesis of functional borides used to protect from mixed ionizing radiation
Authors: Balachkov M M , Dolmatovg O Yu , Kuznetsov M S , Permikin A A 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
This work describes the mathematical model of SHS combustion wave propagating in the system of W-B. The model is based on the heat equation. The result of modelling is a forecast of SH-synthesis temperature regime in this system what allows forecasting a phase composition and thermal stresses. The model checking was realized in the experiment in the synthesis of this system in a laboratory-scale plant including the SHS reactor. The presented model is in agreement with the experiment in a maximum synthesis temperature and the curve rate of synthesis carrying out.
Filtering highly viscous and severely polluted media using integrated power effect on the liquid flow under cleaning
Authors: Devisilov V A , Sharai E Yu 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Filtering is a stage in purification of liquids and is included in most technological processes; therefore, design and development of advanced filtering devices is required in order to increase the useful life aiming at energy and resource saving. The given work demonstrates that a hydrodynamic filter that combines filtering and centrifugal separation in a single implementation could become such a device. Numerical method was used to solve the system of hydrodynamic equations describing the medium flow in a hydrodynamic filter. Efficiency of solid particles separation by a centrifugal mechanism was calculated. As a result of the study, it was found out that motion trajectories of the particles up to 20 μm in size coincide with the liquid phase flow. Proposed integrated power effect on the flow under cleaning makes it possible to reduce the load on the filtering material and, as a result, to increase the filter service life. Satisfactory compliance between the experimental study results and the calculated values confirms adequacy of the mathematical model to the real flow pattern and possibility of its use in practical calculations of hydrodynamic and separation processes in a hydrodynamic filter. Using a hydrodynamic filter to remove solid contaminants from a liquid would provide a possibility to solve ecological problems that are acute for many industrial sectors.
Study of aluminosilicate waste-based materials
Authors: Fedorova S V 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Valuable technical properties of mica have attracted attention of people for a long time. Mica is widely used in various industries, including electrical, radio, paint and varnish production. Two types of mica - muscovite and phlogopite – are applied in modern production. Mica belongs to a large group of minerals characterized by perfect cleavage, i.e. the ability to split into very thin sheets having smooth surfaces. Muscovite and phlogopite are the most important industrial micas. They are easily split into thin sheets. In addition, they have high hardness and mechanical strength. They are thermally and chemically stable, non-hygroscopic, flexible, elastic and transparent. Due to these properties, muscovite and phlogopite are the most important composite materials used for producing electrical insulating materials. Along with these varieties, vermiculite, lepidolite and biotite are used in various industries. Mica has properties that other dielectrics lack (high electrical strength, heat resistance, chemical resistance, moisture resistance, mechanical strength, and flexibility). Muscovite and phlogopite are electrical insulating materials. The mining and processing industries produce a lot of mica waste. Methods for using muscovite and phlogopite waste in combination with aluminosilicate waste and a number of low-melting chemical additives were developed.
Comparative assessment of occupational risks at enterprises of oil production and coal industries in the Irkutsk region
Authors: Gorlenko N V , Murzin M A 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The historical development of human civilization has shaped a completely justified life axiom: if you want to achieve something, work hard. And it is true, without making efforts a person, quite logically, will not be able to satisfy his or her basic needs, to acquire the necessary material goods and services in the absence of money. Yet in fulfilling their labor functions, people find themselves in the workplace environment with harmful and hazardous factors that can lead to negative consequences for health and life, and this is especially of relevance in the light of the recent pension reform in Russia. It is perfectly reasonable to believe that each and every production activity is not able to manage without raw materials that are provided by certain industries, one of which is mining. A procedure for assessing occupational hazards exists precisely to identify negative workplace factors and then take corrective actions. In this paper, the assessment was carried out for enterprises producing natural recourses of strategic importance for Russia, i.e. oil and coal. We estimated occupational hazards using the method of assessing individual occupational hazards for employees of mining enterprises in the Irkutsk region and measures to reduce them.
Impact of dust emissions from the silicon production on working conditions
Authors: Leonova M S , Timofeeva S S 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Metallurgical enterprises are one of the largest sources of dust emissions. Dust is the main air pollutant in the working area and is formed in all areas where the metal production process is carried out. Thus, up to 900 kg of dust is formed in the production of 1 ton of silicon. Inhalation of such dust by workers of the foundry can contribute to the development of a number of dangerous respiratory diseases. Therefore, the aim of this paper was to study the dust waste of the silicon production and to analyze the working conditions of employees of the given enterprise in order to develop measures to reduce the dust load and improve the working conditions. The article also presents the results of studies of the particle size distribution of dust emissions in the silicon production. Using the X-ray phase analysis method, it was shown that the dust of the silicon production mainly consisted of amorphous silica, as well as silicon and carborundum. According to the results of the chemical analysis, it was found that this type of waste contained on average 86% of the valuable SiO2 component. The particle-size analysis of the composition of gas cleaning dust from the silicon production showed that there were particles in the dust ranging in size from 0.1 to 600 µm. Most particles had a size of -50.00 + 100.00 µm. Particles of this size are easily inhaled by the operating personnel and quickly penetrate into the lungs and affect the lung tissue. During the assessment of the working conditions of the silicon enterprise by this factor, it has been found that all workplaces of the electrothermal department have hazardous conditions and correspond to the class of working conditions 3.2, and the allowable work period under these conditions is 6 years. The analysis of the above data shows that gas cleaning dust of the silicon production contains a significant amount of the valuable SiO2 component, and the volumes formed allow this material to be used as a silica-containing raw material. Therefore, in order to effectively solve environmental problems and improve the working conditions of silicon production workers, it is necessary to develop innovative technologies for recycling fine silica-containing waste and other methods for their disposal.
Thermal sources of low power and their caricena hazard to the atmosphere of the cities of the Irkutsk region
Authors: Belykh L I , Maksimova M A 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
In the article, we presented the results of experiments in the stratified burning of solid fuels in “low” power boiler houses and household furnaces. We also studied the dynamics in which the products of incomplete combustion of coal and wood, i.e. carbon monoxide, soot, benzo(a)pyrene and other polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), are emitted. The paper shows the non-stationarity of the combustion process taking into account the proposed method for calculating emissions of hazardous substances. The article also determines their specific emissions during the combustion of coal and firewood in the Eastern Siberia region. The paper contains the characteristics of “low” power heat sources and the assessment of their incomplete combustion products for the atmosphere of the Irkutsk region cities. It also proposes measures to reduce emissions of hazardous substances into the environment.
Improving of efficiency expense fuel and energy resources in the sugar production
Authors: Goryachev V , Golobokov S , Brostilova T 
Published: January 2020

Annotation
The fuel and energy resources use analysis in the sugar production on the Bekovo sugar factory was conducted in this paper. The fuel use efficiency was determinated from costs of fuel for recycling 1 ton of raw compare received findings with European Level of sugar producers was done. The influence different kinds of using fuel to volume carbon dioxide emissions was explored in this work. The calculation CO2 - equivalent by the method of Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and analyses of discharge of green house gases at growing, at transportation and at processing of sugar beet was done.
An energy efficiency forecast for the economy of Irkutsk region
Authors: Muzychuk S Yu , Muzychuk R I 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The energy efficiency of the Russian economy lags far behind that in the developed countries of the world. The enhancement of the energy efficiency and, first of all, the energy saving, is the source that can provide an additional economic growth through organizational and technical measures. The object of research is the economy of the Irkutsk region, whose energy efficiency increase is of particular relevance due to the high energy intensity of the economy. The study aims to perform an energy-economic analysis of the Irkutsk region and to make a forecast of the increase in the energy efficiency of the economy. A methodological approach proposed for the research is based on balance and statistical methods. The research involves the development of retrospective energy balances of the Irkutsk region and the calculation of energy efficiency indicators on the basis of these balances. Moreover, based on the statistical methods, the equation of the energy-GRP ratio is devised. The forecast for the energy and economic development of the Irkutsk region is made, the forecast energy balances are developed, based on them, the energy intensity of the regional GRP is calculated for the long term, and measures to increase the energy efficiency are proposed.
Optimization of the composition of the structure of heat sources as applied to the problems of the development of heating systems
Authors: Stennikov V A , Edeleva O A , Fereferov E S 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The study outlines the concept of the structure of heat sources of developing heating systems and states the problem of searching through structures of heat sources of maximum redundancy for the optimal one. As one of the techniques of solving this problem, the authors propose to split the process of designing heating systems into multiple stages. Within the scope of the above-stated problem, the difficult part is the need to create an automated system to solve the entirety of problems arising at these stages and to reconcile them with each other. We provide a brief overview of the the available software package that we propose to integrate into the process of solving and we underline the complex nature of the interaction of individual software components between each other. The authors propose an approach in the form of the computational experiment setup that enables to consistently coordinate computational procedures with each other. The approach is based on the concept of the energy hub as its theoretical backbone, while in terms of the software implementation it is an instance of an automated information system.
Study of gemmological characteristics and chemical composition of zultanite samples to determine their nature
Authors: Anisimova A A , Ivanova G N 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The article presents the results of gemological examination of inserts into jewellery items marked as “Zultanite” conducted in the research laboratory of Jewelry Design and Technology Department. It was found that this material was not a natural stone zultanite. Therefore, to establish its nature, the chemical composition was determined by non-destructive X-ray spectral fluorescence analysis. The results of the analysis confirmed that these inserts were glass with rare-earth additives (neodymium glass).
Temperature and blend composition influence on emulsion drilling mud effectiveness: a case study of the Yurubcheno-Tokhomskoye oil-gas condensate field
Authors: Averkina E V , Shakirova E V , Buglov N A , Sotnikov A K , Nefedeva E V 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The use of the hydrocarbon-based emulsion mud (HEM) as a cleaning fluid makes it possible to eliminate many technological difficulties in welldrilling. The article presents the results of thestudy ofthe temperature effect on the HEMrheological properties andsuggests mud formulations for the geological conditions of the Yurubcheno-Tokhomskoye oil-gas condensate field.The study was conducted for six HEMblends witha hydrocarbonbase(oil-to-diesel oil ratio being 100/0 and 60/40) as the dispersionmedium, and a water solution of sodium salt (NaCl)asthe dispersed phase. The HEM evaluation criteria wererheologicalproperties, filtration, and electrical stability. The rheological characteristicsweremeasured at the temperatures of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, and 45 °C, whilethe filtration and electrical stability, at room temperature (23±2 °C). The study has shown that for the mud with the oil-to-diesel oil ratio of 60/40, the increase of the content of the functional additives has almost no influence on the mud’s plastic viscosity and electrical stability, while the dynamic shear stress (DSS) increases by a factor of 1.8-2.1 and the static shear stress (SSS), by a factor of 1.87. The presented dataimplies that the HEM’srheological propertiesdepend onthe percentage of diesel oil in the hydrocarbon base and onthe mud temperature.
Electrochemical Destruction of Aromatic Organic Compounds for effective wastewater treatment
Authors: Zhelovitskaya A V , Dresvyannikov A F , Shagidullin A R 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The research is devoted to the study of the destruction of aromatic organic compound – 1,3-dihydroxybenzene by electrochemical oxidation process. Impact assessment was carried out during the process of such parameters as the concentration 1,3-dihydroxybenzene, nature of medium (pH), electrolysis time, organic matter conversion coefficient, electrochemical cell configuration. Electrochemical destruction process was actualized in coaxial membraneless electrochemical reactor with coaxial electrode arrangement achieving the effective mass-transfer. The results of current density diversification and pH approved the optimal terms to be the current density 4 κA/M2, pH = 11,0. Assessment of conversion coefficient of 1,3-dihydroxybenzene was estimated by spectrophotometric method. Conversion coefficient of 1,3-dihydroxybenzene was 95,78% during 3 hours of electrolysis.
Soils of unique phosphorites’ landscapes of lake Khovsgol’ depression (Mongolia) of Baikal rift zone: ecological features of functioning and necessity for their conservation
Authors: Martynova N A 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
A comprehensive study of ecological functioning features of the soils, formed on outputs of phosphorites’ layers of Ongolignur deposit of Khovsgol phosphorite basin of South-Western branch of Baikal rift zone was conducted. The understanding of the soil-ecological potential of the soil cover of the studied area both in the conditions of natural development of geosystems and under the influence of destabilizing anthropogenic factor was expanded. The possible consequences of the technogenic pressure to the unique natural ecosystem of lake Khovsgol have been studied in aspect of potential mining of the phosphorite deposit. Within the study, it was found that the soil formation, soil chemistry and biogeochemical migration of phosphorus and other elements, the humus state of soils and biological productivity of biocenosises (that is the natural-resource potential) of the study area is strongly determined by the influence of lithogenic basis (matrix) of soil, intrazonal factors and cryogenesis.
The impact of pesticides on the electrogenic activity of the sludge in microbial fuel cells
Authors: Zhdanova G O , Tolstoy M Yu , Kupchinsky A B , Stom D I 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The influence of Gezagard herbicide (active ingredient – promethrin, 500 g/l) and fungicide Kolosal (active principle – tebuconazole 250 g/l) on the dynamics of electrical indicators of microbial fuel cells (MFC) with activated sludge treatment plants as a bioagent was studied. It was shown that the tested pollutants reduced the electrogenic activity of sludge in MFC when the content in wastewater was from 0.1 g/l. The studied toxicants in the indicated concentrations significantly inhibited the dehydrogenase activity of the sludge microorganisms and the total microbial number. At the same time, the Kolosal fungicide had a more pronounced negative effect on all the studied parameters than the Gezagard herbicide. There is a positive relationship between the results of evaluating the electrogenic activity of sludge and such classical methods of its analysis as dehydrogenase activity and the total microbial number. This suggests that the ability of the sludge to generate an electric current in MFC can be used as one of the parameters for assessing its physiological state. In addition, in the case of a mono-composition of pollutants, MFC with activated sludge can be used as a tool for the initial non-specific assessment of wastewater pollution by pesticides.