bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peynir turizmi temelli kültür rotaları oluşturulmasına yönelik bir araştırma: Van otlu peynir örneği
Authors: CİHANGİR Emine , DEMİRHAN Özlem 
Published: December 2020

Doğu Anadolu Bölgesinde yer alan Van İli, farklı deneyimler yaşamak isteyen turistler için eşsiz doğası, zengin tarihi ve kültürel varlıkları ile alternatif turizm potansiyeline sahip bir kenttir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Van otlu peynirinin hikayesinin turistik bir ürün olarak pazarlanabilmesi için peynir üretiminin deneyimlenebileceği ve peynir tadımının yapılabileceği peynir çiftliklerinin kurulması ve önerilen peynir çiftliklerine planlanacak tematik kültür rotalarında yer verilebilmesi için turizm sektörü paydaşlarında farkındalık yaratmaktır. Araştırma kapsamında, Van kırsalında üretilen Van otlu peynir üretim sürecinin araştırılması ve üretim süreci arkasında yer alan hikâyenin ortaya konabilmesi için Van’ın dört farklı ilçesinde ön saha çalışması yapılmıştır. Çalışmada peynir yapım sürecini gözlemlemek ve yerel üreticilerin (köylülerin) yaşam koşullarına yönelik bilgi sahibi olmak amacıyla katılımcı olmayan gözlem tekniği kullanılmıştır. Ön saha çalışması sırasında yerel üreticilere sorular yöneltilerek peynir yapım sürecine yönelik ayrıntılı veriler toplanması sağlanmıştır. Araştırmanın ana amacına yönelik boyutunda ise, Van TÜRSAB Bölgesi üyesi olan gönüllü tur acente işletmecileri ve ŞURA üyesi tur rehberleri ile yüz yüze görüşmeler yürütülerek Van otlu peyniri üretim sürecinin deneyimlenmesine yönelik oluşturulabilecek rotaların belirlenmesi sağlanmıştır. Görüşmelerde 5 üye acente ve 3 tur rehberinin görüşleri alınmıştır. Bu görüşler ve araştırmacıların Van ilinde yapmış oldukları saha çalışmaları sonucunda elde etmiş oldukları veriler sentezlenerek Google haritalar aracılığıyla potansiyel peynir turizm rotaları oluşturulmuştur. Araştırma sürecinde Van otlu peynirinin turistik bir ürün olarak pazarlanması noktasında henüz kolektif bir bilincin oluşmadığı ve çözülmesi gereken sorunlar olduğu görülmüştür. Bununla birlikte hem yüz yüze görüşmelerde alınan uzman görüşleri hem de saha çalışmalarında yerel üreticilerin bu noktada oldukça istekli oldukları gözlenmiştir. Yakın gelecekte turizm paydaşları ve özellikle yatırımcıların iyi uygulama örneklerindegörüldüğü üzere Van otlu peynirinin hikâyesini turistik ürün olarak pazarlamaları beklenmektedir.
Сравнительный логический анализ субстанциальной и процессуальной онтологий
Authors: Shalack Vladimir I. 
Published: December 2020

В работах Аристотеля мы находим пример детально построенной субстанциальной онтологии, которой выпала роль философских оснований логики и всей западноевропейской науки. Исторически существовал и другой, процессуальный, взгляд на устройство окружающего мира, наиболее ярким представителем которого был Гераклит.
В настоящей публикации проведен анализ субстанциальной онтологии и предложен подход к построению процессуальной. Основными характеристиками процессов являются их длительность и направленность. Введено отношение $ \textit{$\textbf{D}$}pxy $ деления по длительности процесса $ p $ на два последовательно связанных подпроцесса $ x $ и $ y $. Сформулирован ряд интуитивно очевидных аксиом, описывающих это отношение. С помощью данного отношения определено понятие локального времени процесса, обладающего свойствами плотного линейного порядка без первого и последнего элементов.
Предметы в процессуальной онтологии понимаются как <<пучки>> подпроцессов. Для их характеризации вводится отношение $ x\leq y $, означающее, что процесс x является подпроцессом процесса y. Это отношение обладает свойствами частичного порядка с наибольшим элементом $\textit{$\textbf{W}$} $, который понимается как глобальный процесс, представляющий мир в целом. Показано, как с помощью данного отношения можно определить основные силлогистические константы для построения рассуждений о подпроцессах.
Поскольку оба отношения описывают две стороны одной и той же онтологии, приняты дополнительные аксиомы связи между ними. Это позволило синхронизировать процессы, определив понятие глобального времени и понятие параллельных процессов.
В завершение статьи показано, как в процессуальной онтологии можно определить понятия, соответствующие понятиям индивидов и свойства процессуальной и субстанциальной онтологий.
Experimental Studies on Demulsification of Heavy Crude Oil-in-Water Emulsions by Chemicals, Heating, and Centrifuging
Authors: Kumar Shailesh , Rajput Vikrant Singh , Mahto Vikas 
Published: December 2020

Summary
The development of concentrated and highly stable oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion is considered to be a cost-effective alternative for the transportation of produced heavy crude oils. However, the demulsification of a transported O/W emulsion is necessary once it reaches the destination. This article experimentally investigates the performance of four low-cost chemicals of varying water solubility as potential demulsifiers, independently and in combinations, for demulsifying two Indian heavy crude O/W emulsions prepared for pipeline transportation. The chemical demulsifiers used, in order of their higher water solubility, are: polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG)  &gt;  polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate (Tween-80)  &gt;  linear alkylbenzene sulfonic acid (LABSA) &gt; n-octylamine (OA). For this study, stable O/W emulsions (in the 60:40 ratio) of two Indian heavy crude oils were prepared using high-frequency ultrasonic waves in the presence of Triton X-100 as a surfactant. Both crude oils were characterized at first based on their physicochemical properties, infrared (IR) spectrum, and rheological properties. Prepared O/W emulsions were characterized based on rheological properties and droplet size. A bottle test method with heating (using a water bath) and enhanced gravity (by centrifuge) has been used to study the demulsification efficiency of used chemicals. Complete demulsification of both emulsions was achieved as desired. The synergetic effect of the interaction between two suitable demulsifiers provided remarkably better performance than that of independent returns, leading to minimization of the amount of demulsifier and the energy requirement for complete demulsification of both emulsions.
Hydrate Agglomeration in Crude Oil Systems in Which the Asphaltene Aggregation State Is Artificially Modified
Authors: Salmin D. Costa , Delgado-Linares Jose G. , Wu David T. , Zerpa Luis E. , Koh Carolyn A. 
Published: December 2020

Summary
Some crude oils contain naturally occurring surfactants that avoid hydrate agglomeration. Natural hydrate antiagglomeration has been linked to different crude oil fractions, including asphaltenes. Asphaltenes can promote the formation of stable water-in-oil (W/O) emulsions due to their amphiphilic properties. The surfactant-like behavior of asphaltenes is related to their aggregation state. Asphaltenes are strong emulsifying agents when in an aggregated state but weak emulsifying agents when either precipitated or well solubilized in the bulk oil phase. The asphaltene aggregation state may be artificially modified, changing its interfacial activity, by mixing crude oil with heptane–toluene mixtures. This work investigated the influence of the asphaltene aggregation state on gas hydrate agglomeration. Results show that the natural hydrate antiagglomerant properties of crude oils can be highly dependent on the artificially induced asphaltene aggregation state. For instance, if asphaltenes were induced to be solubilized into the bulk oil phase, the natural hydrate antiagglomerant behavior was diminished. However, when asphaltene aggregation was induced, gas hydrate agglomeration was avoided. These new findings could have significant implications for the implementation of novel hydrate management strategies that can reduce or eliminate the need for external interventions and hence minimize capital and operational expenditures by taking advantage of the intrinsic natural antiagglomerant properties of some crude oils.
Spatial distribution and associated factors’ of Early Marriage among Reproductive age women in Ethiopia: A Secondary Data Analysis of Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey 2016.
Authors: Tadesse Zemenu Tessema 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background

Besides, the presence of national law, the country has to set up its own mid-term and long term goals to bring about a significant reduction in child marriages in Ethiopia. To achieve this, determining the spatial pattern of early marriage and factors associated is important for government, other concerned bodies, program implementers and policy developers to end up early childhood marriage. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the spatial patterns and associated factors of Early marriage among reproductive-age women in Ethiopia.

Methods

This study analyzed retrospectively a cross-sectional data on a weighted sample of 11,646 women aged 15-49 years after requesting from Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey 2016 via the link www.measuredhs.com . ArcGIS version 10.7 software was used to visualize spatial distribution for Early marriage. The Bernoulli model was applied using Kilduff SaTScan version 9.6 software to identify significant purely spatial clusters for Early marriage in Ethiopia multiple logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with early marriage. Finally, variables with a p-value<0.05 were considered as statistically significant.

Results

In this analysis, about 62.8% (95%CI: 61.9, 63.74%) of the study participants were married before they reached 18 years. The overall median age at first marriage was 17.1 with IQR 5 years. The high clustering of early marriage was located in Amhara, Afar, and Gambella Regions. In spatial Scan statistics 87 clusters (RR = 1.28, P-value < 0.001) significant primary clusters were identified. The associated factors of early marriage were lesser among women’s attending primary (AOR=0.60; 95%CI: 0.51, 0.71), secondary (AOR=0.19; 95%CI: 0.13, 0.26) and tertiary education (AOR=0.11; 95%CI: 0.07, 0.18). Similarly, women found in Addis Ababa were at a lesser risk of early marriage compared to other regions of the country.

Conclusion

Marriage below age 18 was high in Ethiopia. High-risk area of early marriage was located in Amhara, Afar, and Gambella and special attention should be given for identified risk areas. Therefore, providing educational opportunities to young girls was important in addition to inhibiting the marriage of girls under 18 years.
Participation in disease management programs and major adverse cardiac events in patients after acute myocardial infarction. A longitudinal study based on registry data
Authors: Fischer Christian , Höpner Jens , Hartwig Saskia , Noutsias Michel , Mikolajczyk Rafael 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Cardiovascular diseases are still the main cause of death in the western world. However, diminishing mortality rates of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) are motivating the need to investigate the process of secondary prevention after AMI. Besides cardiac rehabilitation, disease management programs (DMPs) are an important component of outpatient care after AMI in Germany. This study aims to analyze outcomes after AMI among those who participated in DMPs and cardiac rehabilitation (CR) in a region with overall increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Methods: Based on data from a regional myocardial infarction registry and a 2-year follow-up period, we assessed the occurrence of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) in relation to participation in CR and DMP, risk factors for complications and individual healthas well as lifestyle characteristics. Multivariable Cox regression was performed to compare survival time between participants and non-participants until an adverse event occurred. Results: Of 1,094 observed patients post-AMI, 272 were enrolled in a DMP. An association between DMP participation and lower hazard rates for MACE compared to non-enrollees could not be proven in the crude model (hazard ratio = 0.93; 95% confidence interval = 0.65-1.33). When adjusted for possible confounding variables, these results remained virtually unchanged (1.03; 0.72-1.48). Furthermore, smokers and obese patients showed a distinctly lower chance of DMP enrollment. In contrast, those who participated in CR showed a lower risk for MACE in crude (0.52; 0.41-0.65) and adjusted analysis (0.56; 0.44-0.71). Conclusions: Participation in DMP was not associated with a lower risk of MACE, but participation in CR showed beneficial effects. Adjustment only slightly changed effect estimates in both cases, but it is still important to consider potential effects of confounding variables.
Psychological distress and associated factors related to COVID-19 pandemic among primary care physicians in Spain (STREPRIC study)
Authors: Ana Cebrián-Cuenca M , Mira Jose Joaquin , Caride-Miana Elena , Fernández-Jiménez Antonio , Orozco-Beltrán Domingo 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic is affecting people in all nations worldwide. In Spain, the epidemic has become especially severe. The lack of protective measures is a major concern and may have caused emotional stress to Primary Care Physicians (PCPs). This study aimed to address the sources of psychological distress among Spanish PCPs during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods This observational, cross sectional study was conducted using a survey questionnaire that consisted of 24 expressions to be answered by PCPs working in family healthcare centres in Spain during the pandemic. A specific scale, the “Examination of Anomalous Self-Experience”, EASE scale was used to determine the distress related to the care of COVID-19 patients among Spanish PCPs. A multivariate linear regression analysis was performed.Results In all, 518 PCPs belonging to different regions of Spain participated in this survey, of which 123 (23.7%) obtained high psychological distress scores. Only half of them had received information about the appropriate use of personal protective equipment (PPE). PCPs factors associated with higher levels of distress include female gender (1.69; CI 0.54, 2.84); Age (-0.43 (-0.61, 1.48)); working setting (rural) (0.84 (-0.34, 2.01)); lack of training in protective measures (1.96 (0.94, 2.99)). The absence of sick leave among colleagues, increased availability of PPEs, improved cleaning and hygiene conditions in health care centers facilities and the detection of COVID-19 RT-PCR for health care workers were associated with lower levels of distress.Conclusions One in four PCPs rated a high score for psychological distress. The availability of PPEs, training on their use, cleanliness and hygiene conditions in health care facilities and the availability of COVID-19 RT-PCR analyses for health workers, among others, are factors associated with the psychological distress of PCPs.
PENATAAN LAMPU PENERANGAN JALAN UMUM SEBAGAI UPAYA MENGURANGI BIAYA ENERGI LISTRIK
Authors: Winardi Bambang , Santoso Imam , Dolphina Erlin 
Published: December 2020

Pertumbuhan ekonomi dan jumlah penduduk yang semakin besar, menyebabkan meningkatnya kebutuhan akan fasilitas-fasilitas umum, salah satunya adalah sarana dan prasarana jalan yang memadai.Banyaknya angka kejahatan maupun kecelakaan lalu lintas di jalan, sebagian disebabkan karena kurangnya pencahayaan pada jalan yang kurang memadai.
Kurangnya pencahayaan ini disebabkan oleh pengaturan jumlah penerangan yang kurang sesuai dengan standar yang berlaku Selain itu, pengaturan penerangan jalan serta banyaknya pemasangan lampu penerangan jalan yang dipasang tanpa ijin oleh masyarakat menyebabkan semakin besarnya biaya penerangan jalan umum yang dibebankan pada pemerintah daerah setempat, karena kebanyakan lampu-lampu tersebut tidak mempunyai meter unutk menghitung konsumsi dayanya. Dengan metode mengoptimalkan penerangan jalan yang memenuhi kebutuhan kelas jalan sesuai kebutuhan, maka selain dapat mengurangi beban pengeluaran pemerintah daerah dalam tagihan penerangan jalan. Dari hasil pengujian program perhitungan didapatkan program penataan lampu penerangan jalan dengan menggunakan Kwh Meter akan menghasilkan biaya energi lebih rendah dari pada tanpa menggunakan Kwh Meter
Sistem Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Surya (PLTS) Dengan Grid Tie Inverter (GTI) Sebagai Penyuplai Daya Beban Pemanas 1 kW
Authors: Made Wiwit Kastawan I , Ahmad Ghifari Rizki 
Published: December 2020

Sistem PLTS yang dibangun dan dikaji terdiri dari panel surya dan GTI yang terhubung paralel dengan jaringan listrik satu-fasa. Panel surya memiliki kapasitas 130 WP dan tersusun secara 2-seri 3-paralel dimana terdapat 3 lengan paralel yang masing-masing terdiri dari 2 panel surya terhubung seri. Susunan ini dapat menghasilkan tegangan dan arus masukan sesuai perangkat GTI yang digunakan yaitu 24-48 Vdc dan 50 A. Beban sistem adalah elemen pemanas berupa 10 buah lampu pijar, masing-masing berdaya 100 W. Pengujian terhadap sistem PLTS ini dibagi dalam 3 interval waktu yaitu pagi (08.00-10.30 wib), siang (10.35-13.05 wib) dan sore (13.30-16.00 wib). Pengujian pada pagi hari dengan cuaca cerah berawan dan intensitas cahaya matahari rata-rata 787,13 W/m2 menunjukkan bahwa panel surya dan GTI mampu menyuplai 39,4% daya beban dengan 60,6% sisanya diperoleh dari jala-jala listrik. Pengujian pada siang hari dengan cuaca cerah dan intensitas cahaya matahari rata-rata 900,98 W/m2 menunjukkan bahwa panel surya dan GTI mampu menyuplai 45,9% daya beban dengan 54,1% sisanya ditarik dari jala-jala listrik. Pengujian pada sore hari dengan cuaca redup dan hujan serta intensitas cahaya matahari rata-rata 315,48 W/m2 menunjukkan bahwa panel surya dan GTI hanya dapat menyuplai 19,9% daya beban dengan 80,1% sisanya ditarik dari jala-jala listrik.
PERANCANGAN APLIKASI DIGITAL MENU KAFE COFFE 86 BERBASIS DESKTOP MENGGUNAKAN VISUAL STUDIO 2010
Authors: Devira Ramady Givy , Suherman Asep , Suci Ramadhanti Trisha , Herlina  
Published: December 2020

Teknologi berkembang sangat cepat seiring dengan tuntutan hidup serta mobilitas kerja manusia yang terus meningkat. Kemajuan teknologi yang paling membawa dampak besar adalah kemajuan dibidang teknologi informasi. era teknologi informasi membuka banyak peluang usaha tanpa harus mengeluarkan banyak biaya, namun memiliki tingkat efektifitas serta produktifitas yang lebih baik.Kafe merupakan sebuah tempat yang biasa dijadikan destinasi berkumpul dan bersosial untuk semua kalangan. Kafe Coffe 86 merupakan salah satu kafe yang masih menggunakan sistem konvensional dalam melayani pelanggannya. Berdasarkan kondisi tersebut maka sebuah implementasi teknologi informasi berupa aplikasi digital menu diharapkan dapat meminimalisir kesalahan pemesanan, mempersingkat waktu pemesanan, serta mempermudah pelanggan dalam mengakses pesanan. Aplikasi digital menu ini dikembangkan menggunakan Visual Studio 2010 serta MySQL sebagai databasenya. Metode yang digunakan adalah metodologi waterfall model yang merupakan sebuah metode perancangan yang menggunakan urutan (sequential) yang bertahap dan teratur. Dengan adanya aplikasi ini diharapkan dapat membantu owner dalam mengelola usaha kafe menjadi lebih berkembang karena aplikasi ini memberikan banyak benefit dimana setiap laporan ataupun transaksi dapat langsung di simpan kedalam database.
PENERAPAN KIPAS BERTEKANAN DENGAN PENGATUR KECEPATAN PADA MESIN BENSIN EMPAT LANGKAH
Authors: Wilyanti, S.T., M.T Sinka , Siregar, M.M., M.T Syukur , Akbar Hadibrata Muhammad 
Published: December 2020

Seiring dengan bertambahnya kebutuhan konsumsi bahan bakar fosil dan sumber daya alam bagi kehidupan manusia memungkinkan adanya penambahan alat yang dapat menambah efisiensi penggunaan bahan bakar. Pada penelitian ini penulis bertujuan melakukan peningkatan efisiensi dnegan menerapkan metode forced induction pada mesin berbahan bakar bensin, salah satunya adalah penerapan kipas bertekanan. Penelitian ini dibuat untuk mengetahui perbedaan output tenaga dan efisiensi yang dihasilkan mesin dengan penambahan metode forced induction pada mesin standar (Naturaly Aspirated) berkarburator konvensional menggunakan kipas bertekanan dengan pengatur kecepatan. Penerapan alat ini meningkatkan daya mesin sebesar 4% dan torsi mesin sebesar 0.5% serta meningkatkan efisiensi bahan bakar sebesar 23%.
To Dream the Impossible Dream: The Commitment by the Institute for Clinical and Economic Review to Rewrite the Axioms of Fundamental Measurement for Hemophilia A and Bladder Cancer Value Claims
Authors: Langley Paul 
Published: December 2020

Understandably, after 30 years of ignoring the axioms of fundamental measurement, advocates of creating approximate information through the construction of lifetime cost-per-QALY worlds are somewhat unnerved by the realization that their methodology is incompatible with those axioms. This is made all the more unnerving when it is pointed out that this incompatibility was pointed out over 30 years ago, following the formalization of those axioms almost 80 years ago. Why this was overlooked is a mystery. The result was a commitment to the application of ordinal utility and other patient reported outcome measures to support claims for response to competing therapies; most egregiously, the advocacy of cost-per-QALY lifetime models and willingness to pay thresholds to support recommendations for pricing and access to pharmaceutical products and devices. Although this incompatibility has been pointed out in respect of simulation modeling, to groups such as the Institute for Clinical and Economic Review (ICER) they press on, producing evidence reports and recommendations for emerging products that fail the standards of normal science. While these are an analytical dead end, ICER has nowhere else to go. This is their business model; to admit otherwise would mean withdrawing their many evidence reports and admit they were wrong. ICER has rejected this; rather it has decided, together with its academic consultants, to challenge the axioms of fundamental measurement, to produce a parallel measurement universe that can sustain QALYs and the imaginary simulation lifetime models. The purpose here is to make clear that ICER is manifestly wrong and that there is no way it can maintain its credibility in pursuing this path. This is achieved by a deconstruction of the arguments put forward by ICER to defend its new vision of the axioms of fundamental measurement, a vision which provides a case study in the distinction between justified belief and opinion. Fortunately, we have the framework for a new paradigm in value assessment; a paradigm that recognizes the standards of normal science and rejects belief in an alternative reality consistent with fundamental measurement axioms.