bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcomes of end-organ function and survival with veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Authors: Mihama Toru , Bahatyrevich Nataliya , Cavarocchi Nicholas , Hirose Hitoshi 
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) is a temporary therapy option for refractory cardiac or respiratory failure. Preliminary study suggests that ECMO aids in the recovery of end-organ function by maintaining systemic perfusion. Methods: A retrospective IRB approved database research and chart review was performed on patients initiated on veno-arterial (VA-) ECMO between September 2010 and April 2019. End-organ injury markers were compared between the pre-ECMO period, defined as markers recorded before ECMO initiation, and the pre-decannulation period, defined as markers prior to ECMO decannulation. Data was expressed with mean ± standard deviation, or median [quartile 1, quartile 3] and compared between Pre-ECMO and per-decannulation period. Results: Among the 159 VA-ECMO patients, 100 patients (63%) survived ECMO with mean ECMO duration 10 ± 7 days. Within the survival group, 78 patients (49%) weaned to recovery, and 22 patients (14%) weaned off to durable implantable devices. Compared to the pre-ECMO period, the pre-decannulation period significantly improved in pH (7.23 ± 0.19 vs. 7.40 ± 0.09; p < 0.001) and lactate (5.5 [2.3, 9.0] vs. 1.6 [0.9, 2.3]; p < 0.001), and serum creatinine (1.4 [1.1, 2.1] vs. 1.1 [0.8, 1.7]; p < 0.001). Significant changes were noted in ventilation parameters as well, such as FiO2 (100 [100, 100] vs. 50 [50, 50]; p < 0.001), PaO2 (88 [62, 135], 126 [87, 162]; p < 0.001) and PEEP (8.0 [5.0, 12.0] vs. 5.0 [5.0, 8.0]; p < 0.001). Conclusion: Maintaining perfusion with VA-ECMO utilization on indicated patients demonstrated improvements in end-organ functions. Survival rates of VA-ECMO patients were also optimistic.
Nurses’ Work-Related Quality of Life and Its Influencing Demographic Factors at a Public Hospital in Western Iran: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Lebni Javad Yoosefi , Toghroli Razie , Abbas Jaffar , Kianipour Neda , NeJhaddadgar Nazila , Salahshoor Mohammad Reza , Chaboksavar Fakhreddin , Moradi Farideh , Ziapour Arash 
Published: November 2020

Background The quality of life as a concept beyond physical health stands one of the protuberant indexes, and various health-based studies required distinct measurements, which deemed necessary for their significant implications. The nurses fight at the front and play a leading role in providing services to patients at healthcare centers. They deserve a higher quality of life in catering to physical health services. This present study focuses on examining nurses' work-life quality standards and how demographic variables contribute to the hospital of Imam Reza in Kermanshah of Western Iran. Methods This descriptive-analytical study recruited a sample of 271 nurses affiliated with Imam Reza Hospital and Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences by incorporating the stratified random sampling in 2019. This study used a two-part questionnaire to collect data from the targeted respondents. The first part presented the participants' demographic profiles, and the second part showed the nurses' work‐related quality of life (WRQoL) on the scale developed by Van Laar et al. The study screened the data and performed analyses through the SPSS version-23. The research study conducted a descriptive analysis to measure mean and standard deviation with inferential statistics, including independent samples t-test and one-way ANOVA (P < 0.05). Results The study findings specified that nurses’ average quality of the work-life was at a moderate level 3.11 ± 0.47. Besides, results indicated that 57.50% of the nurses reported high standards of quality of work-life, 36.50% showed a modest and 5.20% revealed a lower level of work-life quality. The findings indicated that the quality of work-life significantly correlated with respondent’' age, marital status, education, work experience, position, department, shifts, and employment status (p < 0.05). Conclusion The findings of this research demonstrated that the nurses’ quality of work-life was higher than the average standard. The results provide useful insight for nurses and hospital managers. The policymakers and health managers need to pay more attention to providing a better quality of work-life to the nurses.
Muscle endurance training of the neck triggers migraine attacks
Authors: Carvalho Gabriela F , Luedtke Kerstin , Szikszay Tibor M , Bevilaqua-Grossi Debora , May Arne 
Published: November 2020

Background Most migraine patients report neck pain as part of their migraine symptomatology, but it is unknown whether triggering neck pain would induce migraine attacks. Our aim was to assess the occurrence of headache and/or neck pain after an endurance test of the neck muscles among migraineurs and controls. Methods Sixty-five patients with migraine and 32 headache-free participants underwent a manual examination of the cervical spine by an assessor blinded towards the diagnosis and were sub-classified according to the appearance or absence of neck pain. Subsequently, the endurance of the neck flexors and extensors was tested three times, in a random order. The maximum sustained duration was recorded and the test was terminated when the subject was unable to maintain the position or reported pain. On the day after the assessment, participants were asked to report the potential occurrence of headache or neck symptoms. Results None of the controls reported headache after assessment, while migraine-like headache was reported by 42% of the patients with migraine ( p < 0.001) after 15.8 h (SD: 10.0). Neck pain was more prevalent in migraineurs compared to controls (45% vs. 16%, p = 0.006). When considering the neck pain subtype, there were no differences among the three profiles regarding neck pain but participants with referred pain to the head reported a migraine attack more often (45%, p = 0.03). Conclusion Patients with migraine are more likely to report neck pain and migraine attacks following a neck muscle endurance test. Participants with neck pain referred to the head during manual examination had a greater prevalence of migraine attacks than those without or with only local pain.
De novo protein synthesis is necessary for priming in preclinical models of migraine
Authors: Lackovic Jacob , Price Theodore J , Dussor Gregory 
Published: November 2020

Background Migraine attacks are often triggered by normally innocuous stimuli, suggesting that sensitization within the nervous system is present. One mechanism that may contribute to neuronal sensitization in this context is translation regulation of new protein synthesis. The goal of this study was to determine whether protein synthesis contributes to behavioral responses and priming in preclinical models of migraine. Methods Mice received a dural injection of interleukin-6 in the absence or presence of the protein synthesis inhibitor anisomycin or the translation initiation inhibitor 4EGI-1 and were tested for facial hypersensitivity. Upon returning to baseline, mice were given a second, non-noxious dural injection of pH 7.0 to test for priming. Additionally, eIF4ES209Amice lacking phosphorylation of mRNA cap-binding protein eIF4E received dural interleukin-6 or were subjected to repeated restraint stress and then tested for facial hypersensitivity. After returning to baseline, mice were given either dural pH 7.0 or a systemic sub-threshold dose of the nitric oxide donor sodium nitroprusside and tested for priming. Results Dural injection of interleukin-6 in the presence of anisomycin or 4EGI-1 or in eIF4ES209Amice resulted in the partial attenuation of acute facial hypersensitivity and complete block of hyperalgesic priming. Additionally, hyperalgesic priming following repeated restraint stress was blocked in eIF4ES209Amice. Conclusions These studies show that de novo protein synthesis regulated by activity-dependent translation is critical to the development of priming in two preclinical models of migraine. This suggests that targeting the regulation of protein synthesis may be a novel approach for new migraine treatment strategies.
Talking the Talk but not Walking the Walk: Donating to Human Milk Banks in South Africa
Authors: Biggs Chara 
Published: November 2020

Background The human milk donor pool in South Africa is severely limited due to the low rate of continued breastfeeding and the HIV pandemic. It was crucial to determine why willing donors did not donate to determine if infrastructure could be implemented to prevent this loss. Research aim To determine why mothers who had committed to donating to a human milk bank in South Africa did not donate their milk. Methods Participants ( N = 37) were interviewed using a telephone administered questionnaire. Variables measured were initiation and continuation of breastfeeding, reasons for discontinuation, age of introduction of solids and type, and reasons for not donating. Data were interpreted using descriptive statistics and Pearson’s chi-square test. Results Participants were mainly unemployed (70.2%, n = 26), single (73%, n = 27), black African (83.7%, n = 31), Christian (62.2%, n = 23) women with a M age of 25.7 (5.2) years, and a secondary or higher education level (81.1%, n = 30). Most lived in urban areas (70.2%, n = 26), with piped water (100%, n = 37), electricity (100%, n = 37), and refrigerators (100%, n = 37). Only 29.7% ( n = 11) owned a vehicle. The major barrier was infrastructure related, as 62.2% ( n = 23) were unaware of the process after discharge. This was followed by practical issues including no transport (21.6%, n = 8), no freezer for milk storage (18.9%, n = 7), or working (5.4%, n = 2). Conclusion The major barrier was ignorance of the post discharge process and lack of support from clinic staff. No transportation challenged the maintenance of the cold chain. A potential solution is mothers donating only at clinic immunization visits.
Surgical Outcomes and Predictive Factors of Medial Toe Excision for Polysyndactyly of the Fifth Toe
Authors: Ko Kyung Rae , Shim Jong Sup , Kang Jiwon , Park Jaesung 
Published: November 2020

Background: We aimed to report surgical outcomes and analyze prognostic factors of medial toe excision for polysyndactyly of the fifth toe. Methods: We reviewed the details of 139 consecutive patients who underwent surgery for postaxial polydactyly of the foot from 2009 to 2018. Among these, 83 patients (90 feet) with polysyndactyly of the fifth toe, treated by medial toe excision (between the duplicated toes) and reconstruction of the fourth web space using a dorsal rectangular flap, were included. The toe alignment and stability were restored by chondroplasty and soft tissue balancing without an osteotomy. A full-thickness skin graft was performed in 52 feet. The mean age at surgery was 27.1 ± 17.5 months and the mean duration of follow-up was 42.8 ± 24.9 months. Results: At the last follow-up, a relatively small size of the reconstructed toe was observed in 19 feet (19/90, 21.1%). Proximal duplication level (metatarsal or proximal phalanx type) and preoperative hypoplasia of the remaining toe were related to the small postoperative size. Valgus deformity of the remaining toe was observed in 2 feet (2/90, 2.2%). We observed 17 cases with delayed healing or early postoperative wound infection. Among these, 7 cases (7/90, 7.8%) showed postoperative thickening or advancement of the web, which was not observed in cases without wound problems. No cases had functional disturbance or pain. Conclusion: The overall surgical outcomes were satisfactory without an osteotomy. Patients with a proximal duplication level or preoperative hypoplasia of the remaining toe should be informed of its possible small size postoperatively. Levels of Evidence: Level IV, retrospective case series.
Orbital and periorbital dermoid cysts: Comparison of clinical features and management outcomes in children and adults
Authors: Dave Tarjani Vivek , Gupta Rathi Shweta , Kaliki Swathi , Mishra Dilip 
Published: November 2020

Purpose: To compare differences in clinical presentation and management outcomes of orbital and periorbital dermoid cysts in children and adults. Methods: A retrospective interventional comparative consecutive case series. 203 patients in (148 children [Age ⩽18 years] and 55 adults [Age >18 years]), who underwent excision biopsy for orbital/periorbital dermoid cyst were included. Outcome measures included the differences in demography, clinical presentations, radiological features, surgical outcomes and histopathology of cysts between children and adults with dermoid cysts. Results: The mean age noted at excision was 15 years in this cohort of 148 children and 55 adults. Commonest clinical finding observed was a subcutaneous painless mass (94%) and external angular dermoids were commonest in both groups 1 and 2 (51% and 56%). Diminution of vision ( p = 0.007), proptosis ( p = 0.008), extraocular motility limitation ( p = 0.001), strabismus ( p = 0.003) and relative afferent pupillary defect ( p = 0.02) were significantly more in adults. Orbital involvement and dumbbell dermoids were not significantly different between children and adults. Radiologically, bony fossa formation ( p = 0.03), temporal fossa extension ( p = 0.04), full thickness bony defect ( p = 0.03) and intraosseous presentation ( p = 0.005) were significantly more in adults. Comparison of proportion of lesions having intra-operative rupture of dermoid cyst ( p = 0.009) and evidence of inflammation on histopathology ( p = 0.01) were significantly more in adults. However, recurrence rates were not different between children and adults. Conclusions: Dermoid cysts are commoner in children, but can also present in adulthood. Secondary visual, orbital, radiologic changes and intra-operative rupture of dermoid cyst are more common in adults compared to children.
Comparing Outcomes of Upper Extremity Brachiobasilic Arteriovenous Fistulas and Arteriovenous Grafts: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Haddad David J. , Jasty Venkata Sai , Mohan Babu , Hsu Chiu-Hsieh , Chong Chyi Chyi , Zhou Wei , Tan Tze-Woei 
Published: November 2020

Objective: It is unclear what the optimal upper extremity hemodialysis access is for patients without a suitable cephalic vein for arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs). The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to compare the outcomes for upper extremity transposed brachiobasilic AVFs (BBAVFs) and prosthetic arteriovenous grafts (AVGs). Methods: A systematic review was performed to identify all English publications and abstracts comparing the patency outcomes of upper extremity BBAVFs and AVGs (January 1st, 1994 to April 1st, 2020). The outcomes assessed were 1-year and 2-year primary and secondary patency rates. Pooled odds ratios (OR) were calculated using the random-effects model, and I2 statistic was used to assess between-study variability. Results: Twenty-three studies examining 2799 patients were identified and included in the study. The 1-year primary patency rates (OR = 1.68, 95% CI 1.24–2.28, p = 0.001, I2 = 69.40%) and 2-year primary patency rates (OR = 2.33, 95% CI 1.59–3.43, p < 0.001, I2 = 68.26%) were significantly better for BBAVFs than AVGs. Compared to AVGs, the 1-year secondary patency rates (OR = 1.45, 95% CI 1.05–1.98, p = 0.022, I2 = 56.64%) and 2-year secondary patency rates (OR = 1.93, 95% CI 1.39–2.68, p < 0.001, I2 = 57.61%) were also significantly higher for BBAVFs. Conclusion: The outcomes for upper extremity BBAVFs appear to be consistently superior to prosthetic hemodialysis access. This analysis supports the preferential placement of BBAVFs over AVGs in patients with a suitable upper extremity basilic vein.
Axial spondyloarthritis and axial psoriatic arthritis: similar or different disease spectrum?
Authors: Benavent Diego , Plasencia-Rodríguez Chamaida , Franco-Gómez Karen , Nieto Romina , Monjo-Henry Irene , Peiteado Diana , Balsa Alejandro , Navarro-Compán Victoria 
Published: November 2020

Aims: First, to compare clinical features and biological disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) response in patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) and axial psoriatic arthritis (axPsA). Second, to identify possible predictors of treatment response in both entities. Methods: One-year follow-up, observational, single-center study including all patients with axSpA or axPsA who started bDMARDs therapy. Clinical features were collected at baseline while disease activity was measured at baseline, 6 and 12 months by the Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score and the Physician Global Assessment. The frequency of patients achieving inactive disease (ID), low disease activity (LDA), high or very high disease activity and clinical improvement were compared between axSpA and axPsA. Baseline predictor factors for achieving treatment response were identified through regression models, using odds ratio (OR) as an estimate. Results: In total, 352 patients were included: 287 (81.5%) axSpA and 65 (18.5%) axPsA. No significant differences at baseline were observed between the two diseases for most of the characteristics. While HLA-B27 positivity was associated with axSpA (OR = 5.4; p < 0.001), peripheral manifestations were associated with axPsA (OR = 4.7; p < 0.001). The frequency of patients with axSpA and axPsA achieving ID/LDA after 6 and 12 months of bDMARDs was comparable: 53% versus 58%, p = 0.5; and 58% versus 60%, p = 0.9, respectively. Both diseases also presented similar clinical improvement. In axSpA and axPsA, male gender seemed to be associated with achieving LDA [OR at 12 months visit = 2.8 ( p < 0.01) and 2.7 ( p = 0.09)]. Conclusion: In clinical practice, patients with axSpA and axPsA present numerous similarities, including comparable medium-term clinical response to bDMARDs. Male gender could be a predictor of treatment response in both diseases.Keyword: axial spondyloarthritis, psoriatic arthritis, axial involvement, clinical characteristics
Quadriceps Strength and Kinesiophobia Predict Long-Term Function After ACL Reconstruction: A Cross-Sectional Pilot Study
Authors: Van Wyngaarden Joshua J. , Jacobs Cale , Thompson Katherine , Eads Molly , Johnson Darren , Ireland Mary Lloyd , Noehren Brian 
Published: November 2020

Background: Many patients live with long-term deficits in knee function after an anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). However, research is inconclusive as to which physical performance measure is most strongly related to long-term patient-reported outcomes after ACLR. Hypothesis: Quadriceps strength would be most strongly associated with patient-reported long-term outcomes after ACLR. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Methods: A total of 40 patients (29 female) consented and participated an average of 10.9 years post-ACLR (range, 5-20 years). Patients completed the Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS), the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) Scale, Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score Quality of Life (KOOS QoL) and Sport (KOOS Sport) subscales, and the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK-17). Each patient subsequently performed maximal isometric quadriceps contraction, a 60-second single-leg step-down test, and the single-leg single hop and triple hop for distance tests. Multivariate linear and logistic regression models determined how performance testing was associated with each patient-reported outcome when controlling for time since surgery, age, and TSK-17. Results: When controlling for time since surgery, age at the time of consent, and TSK-17 score, maximal isometric quadriceps strength normalized to body weight was the sole physical performance measure associated with IKDC ( P < 0.001), KOOS Sport ( P = 0.006), KOOS QoL ( P = 0.001), and LEFS scores ( P < 0.001). Single-leg step-down, single hop, and triple hop did not enter any of the linear regression models ( P > 0.20). Additionally, TSK-17 was associated with all patient-reported outcomes ( P ≤ 0.01) while time since surgery was not associated with any outcomes ( P > 0.05). Conclusion: Isometric quadriceps strength and kinesiophobia are significantly associated with long-term patient-reported outcomes after ACLR. Clinical Relevance: These results suggest that training to improve quadriceps strength and addressing kinesiophobia in the late stages of recovery from ACLR may improve long-term self-reported function.
Clover: a clustering-oriented de novo assembler for Illumina sequences
Authors: Hsieh Ming-Feng , Lu Chin Lung , Tang Chuan Yi 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
Next-generation sequencing technologies revolutionized genomics by producing high-throughput reads at low cost, and this progress has prompted the recent development of de novo assemblers. Multiple assembly methods based on de Bruijn graph have been shown to be efficient for Illumina reads. However, the sequencing errors generated by the sequencer complicate analysis of de novo assembly and influence the quality of downstream genomic researches.

Results
In this paper, we develop a de Bruijn assembler, called Clover (clustering-oriented de novo assembler), that utilizes a novel k-mer clustering approach from the overlap-layout-consensus concept to deal with the sequencing errors generated by the Illumina platform. We further evaluate Clover’s performance against several de Bruijn graph assemblers (ABySS, SOAPdenovo, SPAdes and Velvet), overlap-layout-consensus assemblers (Bambus2, CABOG and MSR-CA) and string graph assembler (SGA) on three datasets (Staphylococcus aureus, Rhodobacter sphaeroides and human chromosome 14). The results show that Clover achieves a superior assembly quality in terms of corrected N50 and E-size while remaining a significantly competitive in run time except SOAPdenovo. In addition, Clover was involved in the sequencing projects of bacterial genomes Acinetobacter baumannii TYTH-1 and Morganella morganii KT.

Conclusions
The marvel clustering-based approach of Clover that integrates the flexibility of the overlap-layout-consensus approach and the efficiency of the de Bruijn graph method has high potential on de novo assembly. Now, Clover is freely available as open source software from https://oz.nthu.edu.tw/~d9562563/src.html.