bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gamma-Ray and X-Ray Observations of the Periodic-repeater FRB 180916 during Active Phases
Authors: Tavani M. , Verrecchia F. , Casentini C. , Perri M. , Ursi A. , Pacciani L. , Pittori C. , Bulgarelli A. , Piano G. , Pilia M. , Bernardi G. , Addis A. , Antonelli L. A. , Argan A. , Baroncelli L. , Caraveo P. , Cattaneo P. W. , Chen A. , Costa E. , Persio G. Di , Donnarumma I. , Evangelista Y. , Feroci M. , Ferrari A. , Fioretti V. , Lazzarotto F. , Longo F. , Morselli A. , Paoletti F. , Parmiggiani N. , Trois A. , Vercellone S. , Naldi G. , Pupillo G. , Bianchi G. , Puccetti S. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
FRB 180916 is a most intriguing source capable of producing repeating fast radio bursts with a periodic 16.3 day temporal pattern. The source is well positioned in a star-forming region in the outskirts of a nearby galaxy at 150 Mpc distance. In this Letter we report on the X-ray and γ-ray observations of FRB 180916 obtained by AGILE and Swift. We focused especially on the recurrent 5 day time intervals of enhanced radio bursting. In particular, we report on the results obtained in the time intervals 2020 February 3–8, 2020 February 25, 2020 March 5–10, and 2020 March 22–28 during a multiwavelength campaign involving high-energy and radio observations of FRB 180916. We also searched for temporal coincidences at millisecond timescales between the 32 known radio bursts of FRB 180916 and X-ray and MeV events detectable by AGILE. We do not detect any simultaneous event or any extended X-ray and γ-ray emission on timescales of hours/days/weeks. Our cumulative X-ray (0.3–10 keV) flux upper limit of 5 × 10−14 erg cm−2 s−1 (obtained during 5 day active intervals from several 1–2 ks integrations) translates into an isotropic luminosity upper limit of L

X,UL ∼ 1.5 × 1041 erg s−1. Deep γ-ray observations above 100 MeV over a many-year timescale provide an average luminosity upper limit one order of magnitude larger. These results provide the so-far most stringent upper limits on high-energy emission from the FRB 180916 source. Our results constrain the dissipation of magnetic energy from a magnetar-like source of radius R

m
, internal magnetic field B

m
, and dissipation timescale τ

d
to satisfy the relation

, where R

m,6 is R

m
in units of 106 cm, B

m,16 is B

m
in units of 1016 G, and τ

d,8 in units of 108 s.
Description of two new species of Prosapia (Hemiptera: Cercopidae) from the Nearctic and Neotropics, with a key to species of the P. inferens species group
Authors: Castro-Valderrama Ulises , Peck Daniel C. , Carvalho Gervasio S. , Valdez-Carrasco Jorge Manuel , Romero Nápoles Jesús 
Published: April 2020

AbstractInsects in the subfamily Ischnorhininae (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Cercopidae), known as spittlebugs or froghoppers, are mainly distributed in the Neotropical region. A few genera include pest species of economic relevance, including Prosapia Fennah, 1949. Two new species from Mexico and Costa Rica are now described for this genus, and a key to species is proposed for the P. inferens (Walker, 1858) species group.
Lower Extremity Biomechanics During a Drop-Vertical Jump and Muscle Strength in Women With Patellofemoral Pain
Authors: Baellow Andrea , Glaviano Neal R. , Hertel Jay , Saliba Susan A. 
Published: April 2020

Context
Patellofemoral pain (PFP) is one of the most prevalent knee conditions observed in women. Current research suggests that individuals with PFP have altered muscle activity, kinematics, and kinetics during functional tasks. However, few authors have examined differences in lower extremity biomechanics in this population during the drop-vertical jump (DVJ).

Objective
To determine how lower extremity electromyography, kinematics, and kinetics during a DVJ and lower extremity isometric strength differed between women with and those without PFP.

Design
Cross-sectional study.

Setting
Laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants
Fifteen healthy women (age = 20.23 ± 1.39 years, height = 169.32 ± 5.38 cm, mass = 67.73 ± 9.57 kg) and 15 women with PFP (age = 22.33 ± 3.49 years, height = 166.42 ± 6.01 cm, mass = 65.67 ± 13.75 kg).

Intervention(s)
Three trials of a DVJ.

Main Outcome Measure(s)
Surface electromyography, kinematics, and kinetics were collected simultaneously during a DVJ. Lower extremity strength was measured isometrically. Independent-samples t tests were performed to assess group differences.

Results
Normalized muscle activity in the vastus medialis (healthy group = 120.84 ± 80.73, PFP group = 235.84 ± 152.29), gluteus maximus (healthy group = 43.81 ± 65.63, PFP group = 13.37 ± 13.55), and biceps femoris (healthy group = 36.68 ± 62.71, PFP group = 11.04 ± 8.9) during the landing phase of the DVJ differed between groups. Compared with healthy women, those with PFP completed the DVJ with greater hip internal-rotation moment (0.04 ± 0.28 N/kg versus 0.06 ± 0.14 N/kg, respectively) and had decreased knee-flexion excursion (76.76° ± 7.50° versus PFP = 74.14° ± 19.85°, respectively); they took less time to reach peak trunk flexion (0.19 ± 0.01 seconds versus 0.19 ± 0.02 seconds, respectively) and lateral trunk flexion (0.12 ± 0.07 seconds versus 0.11 ± 0.04 seconds, respectively).

Conclusions
During the DVJ, women with PFP had increased hip internal-rotation moment and decreased knee-flexion excursion with less time to peak trunk flexion and lateral flexion. Muscle activation was increased in the vastus medialis but decreased in the gluteus maximus and biceps femoris. This suggests that altered motor-unit recruitment in the hip and thigh may result in changes in biomechanics during a DVJ that are often associated with an increased risk of injury.
Evidence Based Practice in Speech Language Pathology/Audiology in India
Authors: Mukundan Geeta 
Published: April 2020

This opinion article addresses the issue of EBP in academic, research and clinical settings in India. EBP is not an alien concept for Speech-Language Pathologists/Audiologists in the country. Most professionals in practice are acquainted with the idea of integrating current research evidence with clinical expertise in the context of the client's own life situation. With the aim of eliminating nonstandard practice patterns in both assessment and intervention, experts in the field have developed guidelines for working with a wide range of clinical populations in India. Monographs and journals are being published periodically by academic institutions and professional bodies in an effort to bridge the research-to-practice gap. This opinion article reviews the EBP implementation problems unique to the sub continent including diverse languages and dialects, lack of standard tools for assessment in different languages, financial constraints, illiteracy, nonavailability of specialized centers and the lack of a mechanism to monitor clinical practices in India.
Campeão de vendas, cientificamente o Glifosato é um agrotóxico perigoso
Authors: Nodari Rubens Onofre , Hess Sônia Corina 
Published: April 2020

Os herbicidas à base de glifosato (HBGs) contém, além do principio ativo (glifosato), outras substâncias como surfactantes e adjuvantes. Este artigo teve como objetivo a apresentação de uma revisão da literatura acerca dos riscos à saúde humana, de animais e aos ecossistemas, associados à exposição aos HBGs. Espera-se que o conteúdo possa ser útil ao aperfeiçoamento das práticas e políticas publicas relacionadas ao uso dos referidos agrotóxicos. Para a realização da presente pesquisa, foram consultadas bases de dados disponíveis em portais de periódicos institucionais. Descreve-se que, embora sejam aplicados sobre plantas, os HBGs são levados para longe do local de aplicação, pelo vento, pela água, pela colheita de pólen, grãos, raízes, folhas e frutos. Por serem sistêmicos na planta, chegam às colmeias de abelhas, ao prato do consumidor,a rios, lagos e oceanos. Em contacto com outros organismos, que não plantas, os HBGs causam efeitosdiversos, tais como morte celular, distúrbios reprodutivos, câncer, malformações, autismo, entre outros.
Personality of internal auditors; an exploratory study in The Netherlands
Authors: van Kuijck Bob , Paresi Violaine 
Published: April 2020

Many studies have been performed on the interpretation of a person’s personality along the Five-factor model that includes the following traits: openness to experience, emotional stability, conscientiousness, extraversion and agreeableness. However, very little research has been done specifically on the personality of internal auditors. This study tries to establish insight into the personality of internal auditors by comparing them with other professionals.
Based on a literature review and discussion, it is hypothesized whether or not the personality traits of internal auditors differ from those of other professionals. The hypotheses on each of the five factors have been tested for internal auditors and other professionals in The Netherlands.
Results show that, for four personality traits, the internal auditor’s personality is significantly different from other professionals; only the trait agreeableness shows no significant difference. Limitations of the study lie in its exploratory nature.
GPS geodetic infrastructure for subsidence and fault monitoring in Houston, Texas, USA
Authors: Agudelo Gonzalo , Wang Guoquan , Liu Yuhao , Bao Yan , Turco Michael J. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract. Houston, Texas, is one of the earliest urban areas to employ
Global Positioning System (GPS) technology for land subsidence and fault
monitoring. As of 2020, the University of Houston and the Harris-Galveston
Subsidence District have integrated over 230 permanent GPS stations into
their routine GPS data processing for regional subsidence and fault
monitoring. This article summarizes the GPS geodetic infrastructure in the
Greater Houston region. The infrastructure is comprised of two components: a
dense GPS network (HoustonNet) and a stable regional reference frame
(Houston20). Houston20 is realized by 25 long-history (>8 years)
continuous GPS stations located outside the subsiding area and is aligned in
origin and scale with the International GNSS Reference Frame 2014 (IGS14).
The stability of the regional reference frame is below 1 mm yr−1 in all
three directions. GPS-derived ground deformation rates (2010–2019) within
the Greater Houston region are also presented in this article.
Absolute vertical motion of the Amsterdam Ordnance Datum (NAP)
Authors: Reudink Rene , Klees Roland , Alberts Bas , van Waarden Pieter 
Published: April 2020

Abstract. The backbone of the Amsterdam Ordnance Datum (NAP) is a network of about 400 primary subsurface markers. Relative movements between the primary subsurface markers are measured with spirit levelling once in 10–20 years. However, little is known about absolute vertical movements of the primary network. This information is indispensable for the interpretation of water level measurements at the tide gauges along the Dutch coast. It may be provided by gravity measurements. Here we present a time-series analysis of more than twenty years of gravity measurements at the stations Westerbork, Epen, Zundert, and Radio Kootwijk. It reveals that only station Epen shows a statistically significant movement of -0.252±0.066 µGal yr−1, which corresponds to an uplift of 1.3±0.5 mm yr−1. For the other stations, the trends are statistically not different from zero at a significance level of 0.05. Corrections for water table variations are found to be indispensable; peak-to-peak amplitudes range from 4 µGal (Westerbork) to 28 µGal (Radio Kootwijk). Depsite some fundamental objections, corrections for instrumental offsets reduce the data scatter. First experiments with 7 years of soil moisture data acquired at station Radio Kootwijk reveal that the gravity signal of soil moisture variations has a standard deviation of 2.2 µGal, which is comparable to the noise standard deviation of measured gravity.
Subsidence of rice paddy and upland crop fields in Shinotsu Peatland, Hokkaido, Japan
Authors: Yokochi Minoru , Sekimoto Koichi , Inoue Takashi 
Published: April 2020

Abstract. Agricultural land use on peatlands inevitably causes
ongoing land surface subsidence resulting in a reduction of productivity. In
addition, oxidation of the peat substrate associated with subsidence is
responsible for greenhouse gas emission with the ensuing consequence for
global climatic stability. A concept of “paludiculture”, the utilisation
of wet or rewetted peatlands for agriculture, has been proposed in European
countries to avoid further subsidence and greenhouse gas emission. However,
few studies have documented a long-term record of subsidence through
agriculture in wet peatlands such as paddy fields for rice cultivation. In
this study, we measured the subsidence rates of peatland in rice paddy use
and compared them to the rates in peatland with upland crop cultivation. The
average subsidence between 2006 and 2016 for the paddy plots was 3.6±1.9 cm (± SE) and significantly less than that of 25.6±1.7 cm
for the upland plots, and the subsidence reduced linearly as the period of
paddy use increased. These results suggest that paddy use of peatlands can
effectively reduce subsidence. Our results will encourage the use of
peatlands with a wet environment as one of the valid options for future
peatland management in terms of mitigation of land subsidence and peat loss.
Dynamic variation characteristics of layered monitored land subsidence near a fast railway line
Authors: Shi Kaiwen , Luo Yong 
Published: April 2020

Abstract. The fast railway line B is a high-speed railway passenger
passageway in Beijing, with a total length of 40.75 km. In the plain area,
the railway passes through the land subsidence area of Beijing from south to
north, which poses a certain threat to the normal operation of a high-speed
railway. Using layered monitoring data for the period 2009–2014 from
station A, this paper analyses dynamic changes in the annual subsidence rate
and the rate and percentage of soil deformation at different depths, as well
as the compression deformation law of soil with different lithology and
depth with the change of the water level. The results show that (1) since
2012, the proportion of shallow-layer (≤82 m) compression and
settlement contribution has gradually decreased, while the proportion of
deep-layer (> 82 m) compression has significantly increased; (2) during the deformation process of layered soil, the amount of compression is
closely related to the change of groundwater level; and (3) the shallow, middle
and deep strata show obvious viscoelastic–plastic deformation
characteristics on the whole.
Spatial variation of three-dimensional deformation: a case study in the north-eastern Beijing plain, China
Authors: Zhou Jiahui , Zhu Lin , Gong Huili , Li Huijun , Zheng Liping , Cheng Rui , Sun Hanrui 
Published: April 2020

Abstract. Land subsidence is a serious geo-hazard in Beijing Plain,
which has threatened the safety of the operation of the metropolis. This
study focuses on the land subsidence in the Chaobai River alluvial fan,
where is the main groundwater supply region. The vertical and the East-West
deformation from June 2015 to December 2017 was derived based on the SAR
imaging geometry deduction. Then, the spatial variation characteristics of
the deformation were analysed and the relations with the impact factors were carried out. Results show that the nugget effect (i.e., random to total spatial variance ratio) values of the vertical and the East-West deformation at regional scale were 13 % and 49 %, respectively. This indicates that the distribution of the vertical deformation is dominated by regional influencing factors, while both regional and local-scale impact factors are
important for the distribution of the East–West deformation. In the southern
part of the study area, the extraction of groundwater is the dominant factor
affecting the spatial distribution of the vertical displacement, while the
dominant factor of East-West deformation is not obvious. This study can
enrich the understanding of land subsidence distribution and will help us
better understand the causes of land subsidence.
Blending measurements and numerical models: a novel methodological approach for land subsidence prediction with uncertainty quantification
Authors: Gazzola Laura , Ferronato Massimiliano , Frigo Matteo , Teatini Pietro , Zoccarato Claudia , Corradi Anna Antonia Irene , Dacome Maria Carolina , Della Rossa Ernesto , De Simoni Michela , Mantica Stefano 
Published: April 2020

Abstract. The use of numerical models for land subsidence prediction above producing hydrocarbon reservoirs has become a common and well-established practice since the early '90s. Usually, uncertainties in the deep rock behavior, which can affect the forecast capability of the models, have been taken into account by running multiple simulations with different constitutive laws and mechanical properties. Then, the most uncertain parameters were calibrated to reproduce available subsidence measurements.
The objective of this work is to propose a novel methodological approach for land subsidence prediction and uncertainty quantification by integrating the available monitoring information in numerical models using ad hoc Data Assimilation techniques. The proposed approach allows to: (i) train the model with the available data and improve its accuracy as new information comes in, (ii) quantify the prediction uncertainty by providing confidence intervals and probability measures instead of deterministic outcomes, and (iii) identify the most appropriate rock constitutive model and geomechanical parameters.
The methodology is tested in synthetic models of production from hydrocarbon reservoirs. The numerical experiments show that the proposed approach is a promising way to improve the effectiveness and reliability of land subsidence models.
About geomechanical safety for UGS activities in faulted reservoirs
Authors: Teatini Pietro , Zoccarato Claudia , Ferronato Massimiliano , Franceschini Andrea , Frigo Matteo , Janna Carlo , Isotton Giovanni 
Published: April 2020

Abstract. A critical issue concerning geomechanical safety for UGS
(underground gas storage) in compartmentalized reservoirs is fault
reactivation. Indeed, the displacement (land subsidence, land upheaval) and
the stress fields caused by the seasonal injection and production of
CH4 into and from deep reservoirs is peculiar. The need of improving
our understanding of compartmentalized reservoir behavior and to define safe
bounds for the pressure fluctuation in order to prevent undesired land
movements and induced seismicity is becoming even more important. This also
in view of the expected energy transition when large amount of green energy
will potentially be stored and recovered through UGS of compressed air or
hydrogen. In this framework, an in-depth modelling investigation has been
carried out for the typical UGS geological setting and operations in The
Netherlands. The specific goals of the study are the following: (i) explaining the possible mechanisms responsible for seismic events
unexpectedly recorded during UGS phases; (ii) understanding which are the
critical factors (e.g. the geological configuration, the geomechanical
properties, and the reservoir operations) that increase the probability of
fault reactivation during the various UGS stages; and (iii) advancing
possible guidelines for safe UGS operations. This contribution summarizes
the main outcomes obtained by the modelling simulations: the combinations of
factors causing fault reactivation during primary production (PP) are also
more prone to generate fault failure during cushion gas injection (CG) and
UGS. In fact, fault activation during PP leads to a stress redistribution
and a new (deformed) “equilibrated” configuration that is newly loaded, in
the opposite direction, when the pressure variation changes the sign because
of CG and/or UGS. Finally, the various combinations have been ranked to
highlight the conditions where the fault system is most likely reactivated
during CG and UGS operations: the initial stress regime of the system, the
geomechanical properties of the fault, and dislocation of the reservoir
compartments are the major influencing drivers to fault instability.
The effect of land subsidence on real estate values
Authors: Willemsen Wouter , Kok Sien , Kuik Onno 
Published: April 2020

Abstract. Land subsidence in the Netherlands, mainly occurring in its western and
northern peat and clay soils, causes significant damage to houses and
infrastructure, estimated at EUR 17 billion until 2050, through differential settlement of shallow foundations, negative skin friction and
fungal decay of timber piles. Various studies and reports both in The
Netherlands and abroad have addressed the potential economic impacts of
subsidence on houses: yet, these studies lack spatially detailed data and
instead rely on generic assumptions on expected damage restoration costs. By using a hedonic pricing model, this study examines the impact of subsidence on housing prices in the Dutch cities of Rotterdam and Gouda. In contrast to earlier studies, subsidence and its impact on property values are examined at house level. We test for the effect of subsidence with data related to (i) general (uniform) subsidence (mm yr−1), (ii) differential subsidence of a building and (iii) subsidence of the surrounding area in relation to the house. Results show that uniform subsidence has the largest impact on property values with approximately −6 %, while “differential” and “surrounding” subsidence show respectively −2 % and no effect. These results could prove useful to policymakers, homeowners and housing corporations by generating a better understanding of the impact of subsidence on property values and subsequently to create awareness and spur investments in measures to mitigate damage. It should be noted that these results are specific to the research area are therefore not immediately scalable to other cities as local conditions differ.
The 6M approach to land subsidence
Authors: Erkens Gilles , Stouthamer Esther 
Published: April 2020

Abstract. Though global awareness of land subsidence has increased
over recent years, subsidence remains an ongoing and largely unsolved
problem, which is exemplified by frequent discoveries of apparently new
subsiding areas. This means that for many of these areas there is a
continuous and growing need to provide guidance to decision makers on how to
tackle this global problem. This paper presents a comprehensive,
step-by-step approach to address land subsidence, illustrated by best
practise examples from around the world. The approach places emphasis on the
long-term sustainability of resources, whose development is related to the
subsidence problems. We identified 6 steps, collectively referred to as the
6M approach, that are crucial to tackle subsidence: Measuring,
understanding Mechanisms, Modelling, Money, Measures and Monitoring. This paper
offers guidance for implementing the 6M approach, and the lessons learned
from the real-life examples provide valuable information and inspiration for
decision makers and experts to address subsidence. The focus is on
subsidence in deltaic and coastal areas where subsidence contributes to
relative sea level rise. It is expected that the 6M approach will contribute
to lowering the threshold to act on subsidence. The 6M approach is also used
as a guiding principle for the thematic subdivision of TISOLS, providing
a meaningful linkage between subsidence science and the societal response to
subsidence problems.