bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of Endometriosis Clinical Nurse Specialists in British Society for Gynaecological Endoscopy registered centres: A UK survey of practice
Authors: Norton Wendy , Mitchell Helene , Holloway Debra , Law Caroline 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAimTo identify Endometriosis Nurse Specialists' roles and responsibilities in accredited Endocentres, how these align with the Royal College of Nursing Skills Framework and potential for development to improve patient care.DesignCross‐sectional national survey.MethodsData were collected from an online survey distributed to all 66 Endometriosis Nurse Specialists working across 58 UK‐based Endometriosis registered centres. The response rate was 58% (N = 38). Data from closed questions were analysed using descriptive statistics, and free text responses were collated and analysed thematically.ResultsUnlike Nurse Specialists in other fields of practice, most Endometriosis Nurse Specialists (N = 33, 87%) had another nursing role. The median hours worked per week as an endometriosis nurse was only 13.5 hr. Most respondents (N = 35, 92%) spent all or most of their allocated hours collecting and inputting endometriosis data, whilst over a third (N = 13, 34%) were not undertaking any autonomous, nurse‐led patient consultations.
A necessary and sufficient condition of optimality for a class of multidimensional control problems
Authors: Treanţă Savin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we introduce a necessary and sufficient condition of optimality for a new class of multidimensional optimal control problems governed by path‐independent curvilinear integral functionals and mixed constraints involving first‐order partial differential equations (PDEs) of m‐flow type. Furthermore, as a consequence, we establish the equivalence between the class of (strongly) b‐invex functionals and the class of (strongly) b‐pseudoinvex functionals. The mathematical development in the paper is supported by illustrative examples, as well.
Comparison between esomeprazole 20 mg Vs 40 mg as stress ulcer prophylaxis (SUP) in critically ill patients: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Al Sulaiman Khalid , Al Aamer Kholoud , Al Harthi Alaa , Jaser Saud , Al Anazi Abdulrahman , Al Subaie Sultan , Vishwakarma Ramesh 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCritically ill patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) are at high risk of developing upper gastrointestinal bleeding due to GI stress ulceration (SU). The major independent risk factors for the development of GI bleeding in the ICUs include mechanical ventilation (MV) and coagulopathy. There is no enough evidence regarding the most appropriate dosing of esomeprazole as stress ulcer prophylaxis (SUP) in critically ill patients. This is a retrospective cohort study conducted at King Abdulaziz Medical City‐Riyadh between January and December 2018 to determine the efficacy and safety of two different regimens of esomeprazole (20 vs 40 mg) as SUP in critically ill patients with major risk factors of GI stress ulceration. A total of 1864 patients were reviewed, 387 patients meeting inclusion criteria were enrolled. The propensity score was used to adjust for clinically and statistically relevant variables. We considered a P value of <.05 as statistically significant. 49 patients (12.6%) had received Esomeprazole 20 mg during the study period. Compared with Esomeprazole 20 mg, Esomeprazole 40 mg was not superior in GI bleeding prevention (aOR 2.611, 95% CI 0.343‐20.247, P = .356). In addition, neither ICU C. difficle, ICU mortality within 30 days, ICU LOS, hospital LOS, ICU re‐admission within 6 months, RBCs transfusion, nor platelets transfusion requirements were significant. On the other hand, Esomeprazole 40 mg was statistically associated with Enterobacteriaceae, Pneumonia, and longer MV duration.
The prevalence of sarcopenia in middle‐aged and older patients in post‐acute inpatient rehabilitation: a cross‐sectional study
Authors: Churilov Irina , Churilov Leonid , Brock Kim , Curtain Navina , Murphy David , Muthukrishnan Kavitha , MacIsaac Richard J. , Ekinci Elif I. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundDespite the recommendation of European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 (EWGSOP2) consensus statement not to exclude patients younger than 65 years, the prevalence of sarcopenia has not been investigated in younger post‐acute inpatient rehabilitation population. The objectives of this study were to:

estimate the prevalence of sarcopenia in post‐acute inpatient rehabilitation population;

compare the prevalence of sarcopenia in patients above and below 65 years.
MethodsThis cross‐sectional observational study recruited adult patients admitted to an inpatient rehabilitation unit at a metropolitan tertiary referral hospital in Melbourne, Australia. Participants' sarcopenia status was determined using the EWGSOP2 algorithm based on grip strength and muscle mass.ResultsBetween November 2016 and January 2019, 203 participants were enrolled. Participants' broad diagnostic streams included musculoskeletal, neurologic, spinal, cardiac, amputee, and deconditioning. The overall prevalence of sarcopenia was 18% [95% confidence interval (CI) 13% to 24%]. The prevalence of sarcopenia in patients younger than 65 was 14% (95% CI 8% to 22%), and the prevalence in patients 65 and older was 23% (95% CI 15% to 32%), risk difference of 9% (95% CI: −1.2% to 20%; P = 0.1). With incorporation of these results into the most recent meta‐analysis of sarcopenia in inpatient rehabilitation, the mean pooled prevalence of sarcopenia was 47% (95% CI 23% to 71%). Stratified by age, patients with sarcopenia had significantly longer preceding length of stay in the acute hospital (P = 0.015).ConclusionsThe overall estimated prevalence of sarcopenia in patients admitted to inpatient rehabilitation was 18%, and the estimated prevalence of sarcopenia in patients younger than 65 was 14%.
De novo thymic carcinoma or malignant transformation: a myasthenic patient presented with multiple mediastinal tumours
Authors: Pai Chu‐Pin , Lin Chih‐Ming , Yeh Yi‐Chen , Huang Chien‐Sheng , Huang Biing‐Shiun 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA 63‐year‐old man presented with bilateral ptosis, and detailed evaluation confirmed ocular myasthenia gravis with three anterior mediastinal masses on computed tomography (CT) of the chest. Extended thymectomy was performed, and pathology revealed two thymic carcinoma and one thymoma. After surgery, the patient is free from recurrence. Synchronous triple thymic carcinomas and thymoma have not been reported. The finding of this case report supports the hypothesis of malignant transformation of thymoma to thymic carcinoma. Thymic carcinoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of multiple thymic tumours, and extended thymectomy should be the treatment of choice.
Model‐free adaptive formation control for unknown multiinput‐multioutput nonlinear heterogeneous discrete‐time multiagent systems with bounded disturbance
Authors: Xiong Shuangshuang , Hou Zhongsheng , Jin Shangtai 
Published: July 2020

SummaryBased on the model‐free adaptive control, the distributed formation control problem is investigated for a class of unknown heterogeneous nonlinear discrete‐time multiagent systems with bounded disturbance. Two equivalent data models to the unknown multiagent systems are established through the dynamic linearization technique considering the circumstances with measurable and unmeasurable disturbances. Based on the obtained data models, two distributed controllers are designed with only using the input/output and disturbance data of the neighbor agents system. The tracking error of the closed‐loop system driven by the proposed controllers is shown to be bounded by the contraction mapping principle and inductive methods. An example illustrates the effectiveness of the proposed two distributed controllers.
Strategic Atomic Layer Deposition and Electrospinning of Cobalt Sulfide/Nitride Composite as Efficient Bifunctional Electrocatalysts for Overall Water Splitting
Authors: Guo Daying , Wang Jiahui , Zhang Lei , Chen Xi'an , Wan Zhixin , Xi Bin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractReported herein is comprehensive study of a highly active and stable cobalt catalyst for overall water splitting. This composite SFCNF/Co1−xS@CoN, consisting of S‐doped flexible carbon nanofiber (SFCNF) matrix, Co1−xS nanoparticles, and CoN coatings, is prepared by integration of electrospinning and atomic layer deposition (ALD) technique. Representative results include the following: 1) ultrathin CoN layer is deposited by ALD on the surface of flexible substrate without any sacrifice of SFCNF and Co1−xS; 2) the composite exhibits strong electrocatalytic activity in both acidic and basic solutions. The overpotentials of hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) are 20 and 180 mV, respectively, at a current density of 10 mA cm−2 in basic medium. A small Tafel slope of 54.4 mV dec−1 is observed in 0.5 m H2SO4 electrolyte; 3) tested as overall water splitting electrode, the composite records a current density of 10 mA cm−2 at a relative low cell voltage of 1.58 V and long‐term stability for 20 h at a current density of up to 50 mA cm−2. The superior performance for overall water splitting is probably attributed to the synergistic effect of Co1−xS and ALD CoN. Specifically, implementation of ALD can be extended to innovate nanostructured materials for overall water splitting and even other renewable energy aspects.
Joints with lockbolts in steel structures – Part 2: Design and execution
Authors: Glienke Ralf , Schwarz Mathias , Ebert Andreas , Blunk Christoph , Wanner Martin‐Christoph 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMany mechanical joints in steel structures use conventional bolts. Nevertheless, this proven joining technology has some significant disadvantages. These basically include the high levels of scatter during application of the assembly preload using the torque‐controlled tightening process, the risk of loosening during cyclic loads due to transverse displacement of the components and the low fatigue resistance under axial loading. Lockbolt technology was invented as long ago as the 1930s and mainly used for the aviation and space industry because of its evident advantages. This joining technology has been constantly further developed in response to the most diverse demands from sectors such as aviation, commercial vehicles, rail vehicles, agricultural machinery, defence technology and steel structures. The application of lockbolt technology, which is primarily used in mechanical engineering, was in most cases based on individual studies, since no consistent rules and guidelines were available for the design and execution of lockbolt connections in steel structures. Within the scope of several public research projects funded by the AiF (German Federation of Industrial Research Associations) and conducted by the iGF (Industrial Collective Research) organization as well as through approval investigations, the Fraunhofer Institute for Large Structures in Production Engineering (IGP) has successively developed the necessary design rules according to the EN 1993 standard (Eurocode 3) for use in structural connections. These design rules will be presented within the context of this article in order to make the benefits of this joining technology available to other users. In addition, insights into the use of technical approvals will be presented together with some current applications.
Dark fermions and spontaneous CP violation in SU(2)-axion inflation
Authors: Maleknejad Azadeh 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Remarkably, if CP was spontaneously broken in the physics of inflation, fermions would notice and remember it. Based on that, we present a new (non-thermal) mechanism for generating self-interacting dark Dirac fermions prior to the Hot Big Bang. The non-Abelian gauge fields and axions are well-motivated matter contents for the particle physics of inflation. In this background, we analytical study Dirac fermion doublets charged under the SU(2) gauge field and use point-splitting technique to regularize the currents. We show that the non-trivial CP-violating vacuum structure of SU(2)-axion models naturally leads to an efficient mechanism for generating massive fermions during inflation. The size of the fermionic backreaction and the density fraction of dark fermions put upper bounds on the fermion’s mass. For a GUT scale inflation, the generated dark fermions, only gravitationally coupled to the visible sector, can be as heavy as m ≲ 10 TeV.
Momentum/Complexity duality and the black hole interior
Authors: Barbón José L.F. , Martín-García Javier , Sasieta Martin 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
We establish a version of the Momentum/Complexity (PC) duality between the rate of operator complexity growth and an appropriately defined radial component of bulk momentum for a test system falling into a black hole. In systems of finite entropy, our map remains valid for arbitrarily late times after scrambling. The asymptotic regime of linear complexity growth is associated to a frozen momentum in the interior of the black hole, measured with respect to a time foliation by extremal codimension-one surfaces which saturate without reaching the singularity. The detailed analysis in this paper uses the Volume-Complexity (VC) prescription and an infalling system consisting of a thin shell of dust, but the final PC duality formula should have a much wider degree of generality.
Action complexity for semi-classical black holes
Authors: Schneiderbauer Lukas , Sybesma Watse , Thorlacius Lárus 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
We adapt the complexity as action prescription (CA) to a semi-classical model of two-dimensional dilaton gravity and determine the rate of increase of holographic complexity for an evaporating black hole. The results are consistent with our previous numerical results for semi-classical black hole complexity using a volume prescription (CV) in the same model, but the CA calculation is fully analytic and provides a non-trivial positive test for the holographic representation of the black hole interior.
Computation of the Analytic Center of the Solution Set of the Linear Matrix Inequality Arising in Continuous- and Discrete-Time Passivity Analysis
Authors: Bankmann Daniel , Mehrmann Volker , Nesterov Yurii , Van Dooren Paul 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this paper formulas are derived for the analytic center of the solution set of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) defining passive transfer functions. The algebraic Riccati equations that are usually associated with such systems are related to boundary points of the convex set defined by the solution set of the LMI. It is shown that the analytic center is described by closely related matrix equations, and their properties are analyzed for continuous- and discrete-time systems. Numerical methods are derived to solve these equations via steepest descent and Newton methods. It is also shown that the analytic center has nice robustness properties when it is used to represent passive systems. The results are illustrated by numerical examples.
Partitioning Transitive Tournaments into Isomorphic Digraphs
Authors: Sali Attila , Simonyi Gábor , Tardos Gábor 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn an earlier paper (see Sali and Simonyi Eur. J. Combin.20, 93–99, 1999) the first two authors have shown that self-complementary graphs can always be oriented in such a way that the union of the oriented version and its isomorphically oriented complement gives a transitive tournament. We investigate the possibilities of generalizing this theorem to decompositions of the complete graph into three or more isomorphic graphs. We find that a complete characterization of when an orientation with similar properties is possible seems elusive. Nevertheless, we give sufficient conditions that generalize the earlier theorem and also imply that decompositions of odd vertex complete graphs to Hamiltonian cycles admit such an orientation. These conditions are further generalized and some necessary conditions are given as well.
Interkulturelles Coaching für geflüchtete Fachkräfte in Gesundheitsberufen: Entwicklung, Durchführung und Evaluation
Authors: Khan-Gökkaya Sidra , Mösko Mike 
Published: July 2020

ZusammenfassungGeflüchtete Fachkräfte erleben verschiedene Barrieren auf dem Arbeitsmarkt, von denen einige in einem Interkulturellen Coaching adressiert werden können. Dieser Artikel beleuchtet die Entwicklung, Durchführung und Evaluation eines Interkulturellen Coachings für geflüchtete Personen in Gesundheitsberufen. Die Entwicklung und Erprobung des Coachings erfolgte stufenweise. Um das Coaching zu evaluieren, wurde ein multimethodales Studiendesigns gewählt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass das Coaching nicht nur für die Integration in den Beruf, sondern generell für den Aufenthalt in Deutschland als hilfreich angesehen wird.
Experimental Study of High Temperature Phase Equilibria in the Iron-Rich Part of the Fe-P and Fe-C-P Systems
Authors: Bernhard Michael , Presoly Peter , Fuchs Nora , Bernhard Christian , Kang Youn-Bae 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
During the solidification of steel, phosphorus strongly segregates in the interdendritic liquid phase. In the continuous casting process, even low levels of P may have a detrimental effect on the final product quality. However, phosphorus is partly added up to 0.10 wt pct to improve the mechanical properties of advanced steel grades nowadays, e.g., High-Strength Interstitial-Free (HSIF). To provide new experimental data for the development of thermodynamic databases and solidification models for P alloyed steel grades, phase equilibria in the Fe-P and Fe-C-P key systems were studied up to 1550 °C using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and high temperature laser scanning confocal microscopy (HT-LSCM). Special focus was placed on solid/liquid equilibrium temperatures in the Fe-rich part of the binary Fe-P system between 0.025 and 9 wt pct P. In the ternary system, three isoplethal sections with 0.10 mass pct. P, 0.20 mass pct. C and constant mass percent ratio P/C of 2 were investigated. In the latter section, HT-LSCM observations were linked with DSC signals to optically identify present phase stabilities. Particularly at [pct P] < 1, significant differences between performed measurements and calculated phase equilibrium temperatures using thermodynamic assessments from the literature were identified. In all ternary sections, the experiments indicate less influence of P on the hypo-peritectic range compared to the thermodynamic calculations.
Early deafness leads to re-shaping of functional connectivity beyond the auditory cortex
Authors: Bonna Kamil , Finc Karolina , Zimmermann Maria , Bola Lukasz , Mostowski Piotr , Szul Maciej , Rutkowski Pawel , Duch Wlodzislaw , Marchewka Artur , Jednoróg Katarzyna , Szwed Marcin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractEarly sensory deprivation, such as deafness, shapes brain development in multiple ways. Deprived auditory areas become engaged in the processing of stimuli from the remaining modalities and in high-level cognitive tasks. Yet, structural and functional changes were also observed in non-deprived brain areas, which may suggest the whole-brain network changes in deaf individuals. To explore this possibility, we compared the resting-state functional network organization of the brain in early deaf adults and hearing controls and examined global network segregation and integration. Relative to hearing controls, deaf adults exhibited decreased network segregation and an altered modular structure. In the deaf, regions of the salience network were coupled with the fronto-parietal network, while in the hearing controls, they were coupled with other large-scale networks. Deaf adults showed weaker connections between auditory and somatomotor regions, stronger coupling between the fronto-parietal network and several other large-scale networks (visual, memory, cingulo-opercular and somatomotor), and an enlargement of the default mode network. Our findings suggest that brain plasticity in deaf adults is not limited to changes in the auditory cortex but additionally alters the coupling between other large-scale networks and the development of functional brain modules. These widespread functional connectivity changes may provide a mechanism for the superior behavioral performance of the deaf in visual and attentional tasks.
Medical student experience with robot-assisted surgery after limited laparoscopy exposure
Authors: Vurgun Nasit , Vongsurbchart Tanawat , Myszka Aneta , Richter Piotr , Rogula Tomasz 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe purpose of the study was to evaluate the objective and subjective experience of medical students completing robotic surgery tasks after limited laparoscopy exposure. Twenty-three medical students without previous laparoscopy and robotic surgery experience self-enrolled into 0 min (n = 11), 20 min (n = 6), and 40 min (n = 6) laparoscopy training groups. Subjects completed rope passing and ball placement tasks on a laparoscopy trainer before repeating similar tasks on the Senhance Surgical System, a robot-assisted digital laparoscopy device. Videos were recorded to evaluate objective measures including time, completion rate, clutch use, out of view instruments, ball drops, and manual adjustments. The NASA-TLX survey was administered to assess subjective experience using workload and task demand measures. There were no statistically significant differences in objective performance between the groups (p > 0.05). Subjects who completed laparoscopy training reported higher workloads, but these differences were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). NASA-TLX workload was correlated with time performance on Pearson and Spearman tests (r = 0.623, rho = 0.681, p < 0.01). Initial experience of medical students with robot-assisted surgery did not differ significantly after limited laparoscopy exposure.
New Insights into Adult and Paediatric Chronic Non-bacterial Osteomyelitis CNO
Authors: Hedrich Christian M. , Morbach Henner , Reiser Christiane , Girschick Hermann J. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPurpose of ReviewTo describe in detail the clinical synopsis and pathophysiology of chronic non-bacterial osteomyelitis and SAPHO syndrome.Recent FindingsChronic non-bacterial osteomyelitis (CNO) has been identified as a disease entity for almost 50 years. This inflammatory bone disorder is characterized by osteolytic as well as hyperostotic/osteosclerotic lesions. It is chronic in nature, but it can present with episodic flairs and phases of remission, which have led to the denomination “chronic recurrent osteomyelitis”, with its severe multifocal form “chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis” (CRMO). For almost three decades, an infectious aetiology had been considered, since especiallyPropionibacterium acneshad been isolated from bone lesions of individual patients. However, this concept has been challenged since long-term antibiotic therapy did not alter the course of disease and modern microbiological techniques (including PCR) failed to confirm bone infection as an underlying cause. Over recent years, a profound dysregulation of cytokine expression profiles has been demonstrated in innate immune cells of CNO patients. A hallmark of monocytes from CNO patients is the failure to produce immune regulatory cytokines interleukin-10 (IL-10) and IL-19, which have been linked with genetic and epigenetic alterations. Subsequently, a significant upregulation of pro-inflammatory, NLRP3 inflammasome-dependent cytokines (IL-1β and TNF-α), has been demonstrated.SummaryThe current knowledge on CNO, the underlying molecular pathophysiology, and modern imaging strategies are summarized; differential diagnoses, treatment options, outcome measures, as well as quality of life studies are discussed.