bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Health-promoting skills for children: Evaluating the influence of a media literacy and food marketing intervention
Authors: Truman Emily , Elliott Charlene 
Published: November 2019

Background: Media literacy skills are needed to navigate high levels of food marketing promoting the consumption of unhealthy foods. Health-promoting media literacy education encourages children to use analytical skills to critically examine media messages in order to make informed health choices. Objective: To evaluate the influence of media literacy lesson plans for children focusing on critical knowledge around food marketing. Design: Evidence-based Media Literacy & Food Marketing lesson plans, designed for grades 3 to 6 (ages 8–11) and 6 to 9 (ages 11–14), were developed to fill the knowledge gaps children demonstrated with respect to assessing of the healthfulness of packaged foods. Setting: Two public schools in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. Methods: An educational intervention with pre-test/post-test design. The lesson plans were used by teachers in the classroom, and a questionnaire was created to assess children’s pre- and post-lesson levels of critical knowledge about food marketing. Results: In total, 71 students from grades 5, 7, 8 and 9 participated. Qualitative analysis of responses showed increased analysis and evaluation skills when it came to understanding of food marketing appeals, and increased ability to assess the nutritional content of packaged foods. Conclusion: This study is novel in its use of media literacy as a framework for understanding food packaging appeals. It highlights the importance of examining procedural and interpretive knowledge in the evaluation of critical media literacy skills around food. This allows researchers, educators and health practitioners to better gauge how children are able to apply nutrition information in different contexts to make informed food choices.
Influence of post-migration living difficulties on post-traumatic symptoms in Chinese asylum seekers resettled in Italy
Authors: Aragona Massimiliano , Castaldo Miriam , Cristina Tumiati Maria , Schillirò Cristina , Dal Secco Alessandra , Agrò Francesca , Forese Angela , Tosi Marco , Baglio Giovanni , Mirisola Concetta 
Published: November 2019

Background: Little is known about mental health and resettlement difficulties of Chinese asylum seekers fleeing China due to religious persecutions. Aim: This study explores main post-migration living difficulties (PMLD) in this population, with a focus on their role in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Methods: A total of 67 patients (95.52% women, mean age 34.75 ± 7.63) were included in the study. The Harvard Trauma Questionnaire (HTQ) was used to assess PTSD, the List of Migration Experiences (LiMEs) was used for pre-migration and post-migration experiences (potentially traumatic events as well as living difficulties). The t-test was used to examine the differences in pre-migration and post-migration mean scores. Logistic regression was used to test the effect of pre-migration traumatic experiences (PMTE) and most frequent PMLD on having a PTSD. Results: A total of 49 patients scored above the HTQ cut-off score for PTSD. As expected, traumatic experiences were concentrated in the pre-migration phase, while living difficulties were present in both phases but more frequently in the post-migration period. PMTE were significantly related to PTSD (OR 1.29, p = .01). However, three PMLD (‘Feeling that you do not know where you will lend up tomorrow’, ‘Loneliness and boredom’ and ‘Not being able to find work’) showed a significant interaction with PMTE, suggesting that their presence in the post-migration phase has a modulation effect by increasing the likelihood of PTSD. Conclusion: This study extends to Chinese asylum seekers the previous evidence that PMLD have a significant role in the likelihood to have a PTSD after landing in the host country.
Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation of acupuncture points enhances therapeutic effects of oral lactulose solution on opioid-induced constipation
Authors: Cai Hu , Zhou Qinfei , Bao Guanai , Kong Xiangming , Gong Li-Yan 
Published: November 2019

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic effects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) on opioid-induced constipation (OIC) and patient quality of life. Methods A total of 251 patients were randomly allocated to a treatment group, who received TENS and oral lactulose solution (n = 124), and a control group, who received only oral lactulose solution (n = 127). Constipation and quality of life after treatment were measured by comparing semiquantitative scores based on subjective symptoms. Results The defecation difficulty, incomplete defecation feeling, and overall defecation satisfaction scores of the treatment group were significantly different from those of the control group ( P = 0.018). Bowel Function Index and quality of life scores of the treatment group were significantly greater than those of the control group. The effective rates of control and treatment groups were 85.8% and 91.9%, respectively. Conclusion TENS of relevant acupuncture points significantly relieved the clinical symptoms of constipation of patients with OIC and improved their quality of life.
Gamma radiation preparation of chitosan nanoparticles for controlled delivery of memantine
Authors: Radwan Rasha R , Abdel Ghaffar Ashraf M , Ali Hussein E 
Published: November 2019

The purpose of the current study is to prepare chitosan nanoparticles by gamma radiation as a new brain delivery system for memantine to improve its therapeutic efficiency. Fourier-transform infrared analysis of chitosan nanoparticles showed the characteristic peaks of chitosan and the reduction of particle size induced by irradiation at doses 10, 20 and 30 kGy. The solubility of chitosan nanoparticles was tested using different solvents and exhibited good solubility in both water and 1% acetic acid than other tested solvents at 80°C. Different formulations containing memantine -loaded chitosan nanoparticles were evaluated for brain targeting on aluminum-induced Alzheimer’s disease in rats. Memory deficit was evaluated using the Morris water maze test. The levels of amyloid-β peptide, tumour necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1β and interleukin-6 in brain tissues as well as the serum level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor were assayed. Data demonstrated that memantine -loaded chitosan nanoparticles 1:1 transported memantine effectively into the brain compared to free memantine as evidenced by better behaviour performance and biochemical amelioration and confirmed by histopathological examination in Alzheimer’s disease rats. Interestingly, the therapeutic effect of memantine -loaded chitosan nanoparticles 1:1 was superior to memantine -loaded chitosan nanoparticles 1:2 and memantine -loaded chitosan nanoparticles 2:1. Based on these findings, it is reasonable to suggest that memantine -loaded chitosan nanoparticles 1:1 could be a promising approach for Alzheimer’s disease.
A comparative study of how social workers’ voice and silence strategies relate to organisational resources, attitudes and well-being at work
Authors: Astvik Wanja , Welander Jonas , Hellgren Johnny 
Published: November 2019

Summary This study sets out to investigate the potential differences between social workers using voice- or silence strategies in their experience of organisational resources, attitudes and health, and whether social workers moving between strategies (voice or silence) over time have a different experience of the same outcomes than those who stay with the same strategy group. The participating social workers (n = 1356) responded to two web-based questionnaires over a one-year period. Findings The results show that voice strategies are related to the experience of more positive organisational resources, more positive attitudes (greater job satisfaction and organisational commitment, but lower intention to exit) and more positive health (greater recovery, but less emotional exhaustion and stress symptoms) than those using silence strategies. The results also show that moving from silence to voice is related to the experience of increased organisational resources, more positive attitudes and more positive health at T2, while those moving from voice to silence reported the opposite. Applications The longitudinal approach applied in this study adds empirical evidence of the relationship between voice/silence and work-related attitudes, as well as health and well-being. The close relationship between organisational resources, employee voice behaviour and related individual outcomes regarding attitudes and health imply that Human Resources (HR) management has a lot to gain by developing and securing a voice-friendly and considerate climate in their organisations.
Autophagy and pulmonary disease
Authors: Liao Shi-xia , Sun Peng-peng , Gu Yan-hui , Rao Xi-min , Zhang Lan-ying , Ou-Yang Yao 
Published: November 2019

Autophagy is a process of cell self-renewal that is dependent on the degradation of the cytoplasmic proteins or organelles of lysosomes. Many diseases, such as metabolic diseases, cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and lung diseases, have been confirmed to be associated with elevated or impaired levels of autophagy. At present, studies have found that autophagy participates in the regulation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary hypertension, acute lung injury, lung cancer, and other pulmonary diseases. Using recent literature on the signal transduction mechanisms of autophagy and the effects of autophagy signalling on lung diseases, this review intends to clarify the mechanisms of lung disease to guide the treatment of related diseases. The reviews of this paper are available via the supplemental material section.
Bone Tendon Interface: A New Perspective on Rotator Cuff Healing
Authors: Sun Yucheng , Kholinne Erica , Jeon In-Ho 
Published: November 2019

During rotator cuff repair surgery, fixation and incorporation of ruptured rotator cuff tendon into the bone is a major concern. Many studies have report the limitations in the healing potential of the bone-tendon interface. The structure and composition of the native direct bone-tendon interface cannot be restored after primary repair, resulting in a poor mechanical and structural interface and leading to a high rate of re-tear (95%) especially after in larger or massive tear (Figure 1). If the native bone-tendon junction cannot be regenerated after primary repair, a bone-tendon composite graft, which preserves the native bone-tendon junction, can be a valuable option. Thus, we have adopted the concept of bone to bone and tendon to tendon healing by using autogenous bone-tendon composite graft. The Achilles-calcaneus composite autograft group showed significantly better biomechanical characteristics at 3 and 6 weeks in terms of maximum load, maximum stress, stiffness, and Young’s modulus. Tissue histology demonstrated an organized extracellular matrix, a clear tide mark, and distinct fibrocartilage layers in the composite graft group, similar to those of the native bone-tendon interface (Figure 2). Additionally, clear bone to bone healing and tendon to tendon healing were observed. By contrast, the conventional primary repair could not regenerate the structure of the native bone-tendon interface, although bone-tendon interface healing progressed. Bone-tendon autograft for chronic rotator cuff reconstruction is superior to the primary repair regarding biomechanical property and histological structure. [Figure: see text][Figure: see text]
Subtalar Arthroscopy
Authors: Ahn Jae Hoon 
Published: November 2019

The subtalar joint plays an important role in the movement of the ankle and foot. The complex anatomy of the subtalar joint makes it difficult for surgeons to evaluate the entire joint even with extensile approach. The arthroscopy of posterior subtalar joint was first described by Parisien in 1985. The development of good quality small-diameter arthroscopes and refined arthroscopic techniques has contributed to the improvement of the subtalar arthroscopy. The reported advantages of the subtalar arthroscopy include faster postoperative recovery and decreased postoperative pain. The subtalar arthroscopy can be applied as a diagnostic and therapeutic tool. The diagnostic indications are persistent pain, swelling, stiffness, or locking of the subtalar area resistant to conservative treatment. Therapeutic indications include debridement of sinus tarsi syndrome and chondromalacia, excision of subtalar impingement lesions and osteophytes, lysis of adhesions with post-traumatic arthrofibrosis, synovectomy, removal of loose bodies, removal of a symptomatic os trigonum, calcaneal fracture assessment and reduction, and arthroscopic arthrodesis of the subtalar joint. The subtalar arthroscopy can be done in supine position using thigh holder or in lateral decubitus position. The arthroscope generally used is a 2.7-mm 30 degrees short arthroscope. Noninvasive distraction with a strap around the hindfoot can be helpful. Usually anterolateral, middle, and posterolateral portals are utilized for inspection and instrumentation within the subtalar joint. After insertion of the arthroscope, thorough inspection of the joint can be done using 13-point examination techniques. Two-portal posterior subtalar arthroscopy in prone position can be performed as well with 4.0-mm 30 degrees arthroscope, depending on the type and location of the subtalar pathology. The joint capsule and the adjacent fatty tissue should be partially resected for better visualization. The subtalar arthroscopy is a technically demanding procedure, which requires proper instrumentation and careful operative technique. Possible complications after subtalar arthroscopy are nerve damage and persistent wound drainage. In conclusion, the ankle arthroscopy is a safe adjunctive procedure for the treatment of ankle fractures. It can be performed as well for the evaluation and management of syndesmotic injury, and for persistent pain following the definitive treatment of ankle fractures.
Superior Capsular Reconstruction with Mesh Augmentation: a Perspective from Bench to Bedside
Authors: Kholinne Erica , Jeon In-Ho 
Published: November 2019

Objectives: Superior capsular reconstruction (SCR) is an alternative to treat massive chronic rotator cuff tear with the premise to provide static restraint avoiding upward migration of the humeral head. However, graft tears and their impact on clinical function outcomes following SCR is still in contentious. We aimed to compare clinical and radiologic outcomes following arthroscopic SCR using fascia lata graft with or without mesh augmentation in massive chronic rotator cuff tear. Methods: There were 63 patients underwent SCR with fascia lata from 2014 to 2017. From 2013 to 2016, only fascia lata tendon was used, categorized as fascia lata only group (F). From 2016 to 2018, a mesh is added in the reconstructed capsule, categorized as mesh group (M). Mesh was fashioned inside the folded fascia lata graft for the purpose of structural augmentation. The final study population included 34 and 24 shoulders in group F and M, respectively. All patients were followed for a minimum of 3 months, with mean total follow-ups of 31.3 ± 8.2 and 11.45 ± 11.6 months in Group F and M, respectively. Average ages were 64.9 ± 8.7 and 65.1 ± 6.1 years in Group F and M, respectively. Assessment of both clinical and radiological outcome was conducted at the final follow up. The clinical outcome included ASES (American Shoulder Elbow Society) score and VAS (Visual Analogue Scale) score. The radiological outcome included the re-tear rate and AHD (Acromio-humeral distance). Results: Overall, all scores in ASES (40.8 to 78.4), VAS (6.2 to 3.0) and AHD were improved. Both groups showed improvement of clinical and radiological outcome. ASES score was improved from 54.43 ± 17.27 to 73.7 ± 13.8 for group F, and 48.13 ± 13.2 to 77.42 ± 12.04 for group M. VAS score was improved from 6 ± 1.13 to 2.5 ± 0.87 for group F, and 5.72 ± 1.07 to 2.4 ± 0.84. AHD was significantly superior in group M (9.08 ± 2.43 mm) compared to group F (6.36 ± 1.80 mm) at the final follow up. The re-tear rate was found higher at group F for 41.1% compared to group M for 16.6% (Table 2). There was no significant difference for both groups regarding demographic data (age, sex, preoperative VAS score, ASES score, ROM). Conclusion: The early graft tear rate for SCR was 41.4%. Mesh augmentation can reduce for more than half of the graft tear rate from 41.4% to 16.6% by providing structural support. In conclusion, SCR with mesh augmentation for massive rotator cuff tear showed better clinical outcome with a lower re-tear rate compared to conventional SCR with fascia lata only.
Arthroscopic Excision of an Intraarticular Osteochondroma of Knee: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Mahardika I Made Yudi , Suhendra Henry , Wonggokusuma Erick 
Published: November 2019

Background: Osteochondroma is the most common benign bone tumor. Osteochondroma usually grows away from the joint and its presence in the joint is very rare and is often misdiagnosed. The presenting symptoms are generally pain, swelling, reduced range of motion and bursitis. It is rarely known to cause pressure symptoms compromising the nerves and vasculature. Case presentation: A 27 years old male patient presented with pain and clicking sounds in the left knee two months prior to consultations with progressively worsening symptoms. There was no history of trauma, high-intensity sports, twisting of the knee or any previous surgery of the knee. A click was felt at the flexion of the knee. There was no restriction in the range of motion of the knee joint, but mild pain with over 900 to 1100 flexion of the knee. Knee Scoring of the patient measured by the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC), The WOMAC and The Lysholm Score was approximately 80. Plain radiography was normal. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed bony prominence at the medial aspect of the lateral condyle of the femoral bone, with impingement of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). Arthroscopy showed an abnormal bony growth in the intercondylar notch impinging on the ACL. The tumor was excised and histopathology findings revealed osteochondroma. Discussion: A combination of clinical signs, plain radiography, and MRI can be used to make a clear diagnosis of osteochondroma. Plain radiography alone is usually insufficient in portraying the extent of clinical disease. MRI is much more useful in comparison when compared to plain radiography in the determination of an accurate diagnosis. The most accurate approach is through arthroscopy and histopathology examination. Early accurate diagnosis is important to determine the prognosis of the patient. If our case was not clearly diagnosed, the ACL would have a higher chance of rupture in this patient. Conclusion: Intraarticular osteochondroma of the knee can be considered a rare cause of pain and in young patients. Arthroscopy excision is accompanied with less pain, minimal infection and results in a faster recovery with Knee Scores of 100 postoperatively.
A Simple and Inexpensive Management for Peroneus Longus Dislocation
Authors: Winata Fahroni Cahyono 
Published: November 2019

Introduction: Peroneal longus dislocation is an uncommon sports injury and commonly misdiagnosed. Imaging measure includes plain radiography, ultrasonography, and MRI examination. Treatment strategies include controversial nonoperative treatment with a significant failure rate and several surgical procedures were reported. We reporting a chronic peroneal longus dislocation case in our hospital. Material and methods: Twenty-two years old male presented with a painful snapping lateral ankle suffered 3-month prior surgery. He played futsal and suddenly he felt popped on his ankle followed by pain and swelling. Dynamic ultrasound examination shows dislocation of peroneal longus tendon and convex shape of the retromalleolar groove. A five-centimeter long incision is made posterior to the lateral malleolus and during exploration we confirmed the ultrasound findings. We perform retromalleolar groove deepening by making bone flap medially, curette the cancellous bone and tamper back the bone flap, followed by superior peroneal retinaculum (SPR) reconstruction to the medial aspect of lateral cortex of the lateral malleolus to provide smooth gliding surface. We immobilize the ankle with a cast for six weeks for soft tissue healing. Result: After six weeks he can perform the almost full range of motion of the ankle without pain. Followed by further physiotherapy to regain full range of motion of the ankle. He returns to sport six months after surgery. Ultrasound examination shows the stability of the peroneal longus tendon. Conclusion: Dynamic ultrasound examination and retromalleolar groove deepening with SPR reconstruction are simple and inexpensive management for peroneal longus dislocation
Socioeconomic Measures Influence on Therapy Selection in Closed Complete Fracture Evaluated by Social Economy Status from June 2018 – 2019 at Raden Mattaher Hospital, Jambi
Authors: Oky Firmansyah M , Humaryanto  
Published: November 2019

Objectives: Fractures are loss of continuity of bone structure, not only cracks or separation of the cortex, fractures often result in complete damage and separate bone fragments. Fractures themselves have many different types in clinical terms, a fracture is divided into 2, complete fracture and incomplete fracture, where the treatment process and management are different. In the case of closed complete fracture, cultural and economic are still the main reason for patients to refuse medical treatment. Because of that matter, people are still reluctant to go to the hospital and prefer alternative therapy. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between therapy selection of closed complete fracture based on the condition of the socio-economic status of the patient in Raden Mattaher Hospital Jambi. Methods: The study was conducted retrospectively from medical record data of patients who experienced closed complete fracture from June 2018 to June 2019. The sampling method is using a Non-Probability sampling with a purposive sampling technique, and later the data was processed descriptively which included the patient’s socioeconomic status. Results: From the results of the research conducted from June 2018 - June 2019 in Raden Mattaher General Hospital Jambi, 125 patients were found with cases of closed complete fracture. From 125 cases of close complete fracture, as many as 91 patients (72.8%) are men with productive age who came from various fields of work. The location that is often affected is femur bone as many as 37 patients (29.6%). From 125 patients with closed complete fracture, we found that 48 patients (38.4%) prefer alternative therapy and 26 of them (54,17%) are from the Class III treatment room, 13 patients (27.08%) are from the Class II treatment room, and class I treatment room as many as 9 patients (18.75%). This shows the lower the treatment class, the higher the patient chooses alternative therapy. Conclusion: Socio-economic status is still related to the therapy selection.