bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recenzja: Anastasija Kostiučenko, "Sprachen und ihre Sprecher in Litauen. Eine soziolinguistische Untersuchung zum sozialen Status des Litauischen, Polnischen und Russischen" (Języki i mówcy na Litwie. Badania socjolingwistyczne nad społecznym statusem języków litewskiego, polskiego i rosyjskiego), Berlin: Logos Verlag, 2016
Authors: Zielińska Anna 
Published: January 2020

Review: Anastasija Kostiučenko, Sprachen und ihre Sprecher in Litauen. Eine soziolinguistische Untersuchung zum sozialen Status des Litauischen, Polnischen und Russischen (Languages and their speakers in Lithuania: A sociolinguistic study on the social status of Lithuanian, Polish and Russian), Berlin: Logos Verlag, 2016.This article offers a review of the monograph Sprachen und ihre Sprecher in Litauen. Eine soziolinguistische Untersuchung zum sozialen Status des Litauischen, Polnischen und Russischen (Languages and their speakers in Lithuania: A sociolinguistic study on the social status of Lithuanian, Polish and Russian) by Anastasija Kostiučenko. Her volume presents a study on attitudes to Lithuanian, Polish and Russian in Lithuania, applying the matched guise technique developed by Canadian psychologist Wallace E. Lambert in the 1960s. The monograph is an important voice in the discussion on the methods of sociolinguistic study. This review includes some polemical observations. Recenzja: Anastasija Kostiučenko, Sprachen und ihre Sprecher in Litauen. Eine soziolinguistische Untersuchung zum sozialen Status des Litauischen, Polnischen und Russischen (Języki i mówcy na Litwie. Badania socjolingwistyczne nad społecznym statusem języków litewskiego, polskiego i rosyjskiego), Berlin: Logos Verlag, 2016.Artykuł przedstawia recenzję książki Sprachen und ihre Sprecher in Litauen. Eine soziolinguistische Untersuchung zum sozialen Status des Litauischen, Polnischen und Russischen Anastasiji Kostiučenko. Monografia prezentuje badania nad nastawieniem do języków (language attitude) litewskiego, polskiego i rosyjskiego na Litwie. Autorka zastosowała metodę kanadyjskiego psychologa Wallace’a E. Lamberta matched guise z lat 60. XX wieku. Książka stanowi ważny głos w dyskusji na temat metod badań socjolingwistycznych. Recenzja zawiera elementy polemiczne.
Mid-term outcomes of a partial 2-stage approach in late chronic periprosthetic hip infections
Authors: Castagnini Francesco , Tella Giuseppe , Montalti Maurizio , Biondi Federico , Bordini Barbara , Busanelli Luca , Toni Aldo 
Published: January 2020

Introduction: Late chronic periprosthetic infections (LCPIs) are worrisome complications of primary hip arthroplasties. The gold standard procedure is the 2-stage revision. 1-stage exchange is gaining popularity in order to reduce the invasivity of the former technique. A partial 2-stage exchange technique, retaining fixed components, may overcome some of the drawbacks of the previous techniques, allowing a much easier reconstruction step. Methods: 28 patients with a LCPI after a primary total hip arthroplasty underwent a first removal stage: the loosened component was removed (23 cups and 5 stems) and the fixed component, with no local signs of infection, was retained. An antibiotic hand molded spacer was positioned in 16 cases. After a mean time of 8 months and a tailored antimicrobial therapy, the spacer was removed and the implant was revised. Results: The mean follow-up was 5 years. The HHS score was 82.7. 4 cases failed (2 patients presenting a septic relapse after revision and 2 patients undergoing Girdlestone arthroplasty), achieving a survival rate of 83.4% at 5 years. 2 patients were unwilling to perform a further procedure and did not proceed to the second stage. All the other patients had no clinical, radiological, laboratory signs of septic relapse. Conclusions: The partial 2-stage approach seems a promising technique for LCPI in selected cases, with good infection control. It allows an easier revision by sparing the fixed components. Larger case series and longer follow-ups are needed to confirm the results and identify the limits of this approach.
Predictive validity for the clinical diagnosis of a new parent questionnaire, the CABI, compared with CBCL
Authors: Cianchetti Carlo , Faedda Noemi , Pasculli Marcello , Ledda Maria Giuseppina , Diaz Giacomo , Peschechera Antonia , Craig Francesco , Morelli Federica , Balottin Umberto , Guidetti Vincenzo , Zuddas Alessandro , Margari Lucia 
Published: January 2020

Background: The questionnaires completed by the parents give a first general information on the behavioral problems of the child–adolescent, as a useful orientation to the clinical evaluation. The Child and Adolescent Behavior Inventory (CABI) is a 75-item parent questionnaire, which explores a large number of problem areas. The study of its predictive validity for the clinical diagnosis, in comparison with the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ( DSM)-oriented scales of the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), can assess whether its use may be advantageous. Material and Methods: Parents/caregivers of 462 children and adolescents responded to both CABI and CBCL as a preliminary routine investigation. The results were compared with those of diagnoses obtained after the completion of the usual clinical procedure. Results: Accuracy values (probability of correct classification) resulted high for both instruments and significantly better for CABI anxiety and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) scales, and for CBCL oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and conduct disorder (CD) scales; no significant difference was found for depression scales. All the areas under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic analysis reached excellent values, suggesting a very good predictive ability of the five scales of the two instruments. The comparison of AUC showed the CABI’s anxiety and ADHD scales to give significantly higher values than those of CBCL, indicating that these two scales have a better predictive ability. Conclusion: The study indicates a very good comparative (vs CBCL) and predictive validity of the CABI, suggesting an advantage in the use of this shorter questionnaire, available for free use both for clinical practice and supposedly for screening and epidemiological evaluations.
The challenges of using physical restraint in intensive care units in Iran: A qualitative study
Authors: Salehi Zahra , Joolaee Soodabeh , Hajibabaee Fatemeh , Ghezeljeh Tahereh Najafi 
Published: January 2020

Background Physical restraint is widely used in intensive care units to ensure patient safety, manage agitated patients, and prevent the removal of medical equipment connected to them. However, physical restraint use is a major healthcare challenge worldwide. Aim This study aimed to explore nurses' experiences of the challenges of physical restraint use in intensive care units. Methods This qualitative study was conducted in 2018–2019. Twenty critical care nurses were purposively recruited from the intensive care units of four hospitals in Tehran, Iran. Data were collected via in-depth semi-structured interviews, concurrently analyzed via Graneheim and Lundman's conventional content analysis approach, and managed via MAXQDA software (v. 10.0). Findings Three main themes were identified (i) organizational barriers to effective physical restraint use (lack of quality educations for nurses about physical restraint use, lack of standard guidelines for physical restraint use, lack of standard physical restraint equipment), (ii) ignoring patients' wholeness (their health and rights), and (iii) distress over physical restraint use (emotional and mental distress, moral conflict, and inability to find an appropriate alternative for physical restraint). Conclusion Critical care nurses face different organizational, ethical, and emotional challenges in using physical restraint. Healthcare managers and authorities can reduce these challenges by developing standard evidence-based guidelines, equipping hospital wards with standard equipment, implementing in-service educational programs, supervising nurses' practice, and empowering them for finding and using alternatives to physical restraint. Nurses can also reduce these challenges through careful patient assessment, using appropriate alternatives to physical restraint, and consulting with their expert colleagues.
Matrix-Associated Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation with Spheroid Technology Is Superior to Arthroscopic Microfracture at 36 Months Regarding Activities of Daily Living and Sporting Activities after Treatment
Authors: Hoburg Arnd , Niemeyer Philipp , Laute Volker , Zinser Wolfgang , Becher Christoph , Kolombe Thomas , Fay Jakob , Pietsch Stefan , Kuźma Tomasz , Widuchowski Wojciech , Fickert Stefan 
Published: January 2020

Objective Matrix-associated autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) and microfracture (MF) are well-established treatments for cartilage defects of the knee. However, high-level evidence comparing microfracture and spheroid technology ACI is limited. Design Prospective, phase III clinical trial with patients randomized to ACI ( N = 52) or MF ( N = 50). Level of evidence: 1, randomized controlled trial. Both procedures followed standard protocols. For ACI 10 to 70 spheroids/cm2 were administered. Primary outcome measure was the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS). This report presents results for 36 months after treatment. Results Both ACI and MF showed significant improvement over the entire 3-year observation period. For the overall KOOS, noninferiority of ACI (the intended primary goal of the study) was formally confirmed; additionally, for the subscores “Activities of Daily Living” and “Sport and Recreation,” superiority of ACI over MF was shown at descriptive level. Occurrence of adverse events were not different between both treatments (ACI 77%; MF 74%). Four patients in the MF group required reoperation which was defined as treatment failure. No treatment failure was reported for the ACI group. Conclusions Patients treated with matrix-associated ACI with spheroid technology showed substantial improvement in various clinical outcomes after 36 months. The advantages of ACI compared with microfracture was underlined by demonstrating noninferiority, in overall KOOS and superiority in the KOOS subscores “Activities of Daily Living” and “Sport and Recreation.” In the present study, subgroups comparing different age groups and defect sizes showed comparable clinical outcomes.
White matter changes in chronic and episodic migraine: a diffusion tensor imaging study
Authors: Planchuelo-Gómez Álvaro , García-Azorín David , Guerrero Ángel L. , Aja-Fernández Santiago , Rodríguez Margarita , de Luis-García Rodrigo 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundWhite matter alterations have been observed in patients with migraine. However, no microstructural white matter alterations have been found particularly in episodic or chronic migraine patients, and there is limited research focused on the comparison between these two groups of migraine patients.MethodsFifty-one healthy controls, 55 episodic migraine patients and 57 chronic migraine patients were recruited and underwent brain T1-weighted and diffusion-weighted MRI acquisition. Using Tract-Based Spatial Statistics (TBSS), fractional anisotropy, mean diffusivity, radial diffusivity and axial diffusivity were compared between the different groups. On the one hand, all migraine patients were compared against healthy controls. On the other hand, patients from each migraine group were compared between them and also against healthy controls. Correlation analysis between clinical features (duration of migraine in years, time from onset of chronic migraine in months, where applicable, and headache and migraine frequency, where applicable) and Diffusion Tensor Imaging measures was performed.ResultsFifty healthy controls, 54 episodic migraine and 56 chronic migraine patients were finally included in the analysis. Significant decreased axial diffusivity (p < .05 false discovery rate and by number of contrasts corrected) was found in chronic migraine compared to episodic migraine in 38 white matter regions from the Johns Hopkins University ICBM-DTI-81 White-Matter Atlas. Significant positive correlation was found between time from onset of chronic migraine and mean fractional anisotropy in the bilateral external capsule, and negative correlation between time from onset of chronic migraine and mean radial diffusivity in the bilateral external capsule.ConclusionsThese findings suggest global white matter structural differences between episodic migraine and chronic migraine. Patients with chronic migraine could present axonal integrity impairment in the first months of chronic migraine with respect to episodic migraine patients. White matter changes after the onset of chronic migraine might reflect a set of maladaptive plastic changes.
Simultaneous occurrence of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: case report and literature review
Authors: Shao Lianyou , Jiang Longxiang , Wu Siyao , Yu Lihua , Wang Liangxing , Huang Xiaoying 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
Patients with lymphoma are at risk for developing pulmonary opportunistic infections due to immunocompromise. However, clinical reports of concurrent lymphoma and opportunistic infection at presentation are rare and often confined to single cases. A delayed diagnosis of either opportunistic infection or lymphoma usually occurs in this complex situation. Here, we report such a case and analyse 18 similar cases searched in the PubMed database to deepen clinicians’ understanding.

Case presentation
A 48-year-old man presented with a 3-month history of fever, cough and emaciation. High-resolution computed tomography revealed bilateral cavitating lesions of different sizes. Aspergillus fumigatus complex was identified from a bronchoalveolar lavage fluid culture. However, antifungal treatment combined with multiple rounds of antibacterial therapy was unsuccessful, and the patient’s lung lesions continued to deteriorate. Multiple puncture biopsies finally confirmed the coexistence of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Despite the initiation of combination chemotherapy, the patient died of progressive respiratory failure.

Conclusions
Synchronous pulmonary lymphoma and simultaneous opportunistic infection is rare and usually lacks specific clinical and imaging manifestations. Lymphoma should be considered as part of the differential diagnosis of patients with an opportunistic infection when treatment fails or other symptoms are present that could be considered “atypical” for the condition. Tissue biopsy is the gold standard, and multiple biopsies are essential for making the final diagnosis and should be performed upon early suspicion.
Early-life exposure to the Chinese famine of 1959–61 and risk of Hyperuricemia: results from the China health and retirement longitudinal study
Authors: Zhang Wenqiang , Luan Rongsheng 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundShort-term starvation has been related to hyperuricemia. However, little is known about the long-term effect of early-life exposure to famine on hyperuricemia risk in adulthood.MethodsThe analysis included 2383 participants from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study in 2015. Hyperuricemia was diagnosed as serum uric acid ≥7 mg/dL in men and serum uric acid ≥6 mg/dL in women. Famine exposure subgroups were defined as unexposed (born between October 1, 1962, and September 30, 1964), fetal-exposed (born between October 1, 1959, and September 30, 1961), and early-childhood exposed (born between October 1, 1956, and September 1, 1958). The association between early-life famine exposure and hyperuricemia risk was assessed using multivariate logistic regression.ResultsThe prevalence of hyperuricemia in the unexposed, fetal-exposed, and early-childhood exposed participants was 10.7, 14.1, 11.1%, respectively. Compared with unexposed and early-childhood exposed participants combined as an age-balanced control, fetal-exposed participants showed an increased risk of hyperuricemia in adulthood (OR = 1.41; 95%CI: 1.06–1.88), after adjusting for gender, marital status, famine severity, residence, smoking, drinking, BMI, hypertension, and diabetes. The famine effect on hyperuricemia was accentuated by overweight or obesity (Pfor interaction = 0.042). Compared with unexposed and BMI < 24 kg/m2participants, theOR(95%CI) of hyperuricemia was 3.66 (2.13–6.30) for fetal-exposed and overweight/obesity participants. However, combined unexposed and early-childhood exposed participants as an age-balanced control, the interaction of famine exposure and BMI was not statistically significant (Pfor interaction = 0.054).ConclusionFamine exposure in the fetal stage was associated with an increased risk of hyperuricemia in adulthood.
The potential effects of an extended alcohol withdrawal treatment programme on morbidity and mortality among inpatients in the German city of Bremen: a simulation study
Authors: Manthey Jakob , Lindemann Christina , Kraus Ludwig , Reimer Jens , Verthein Uwe , Schulte Bernd , Rehm Jürgen 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
According to the German guidelines, people with severe alcohol use disorders (AUDs) should receive withdrawal treatment. Compared to somatic withdrawal treatment (SWT), extended duration and psychosocial elements of so-called “qualified withdrawal treatment” (QWT) aim to reduce relapse rates. Despite promising results of prospective studies on QWT, only few German inpatients seeking withdrawal treatment receive QWT. We estimated the potential effects on mortality and morbidity for higher proportions of treatment-seeking patients receiving QWT rather than SWT in the German city of Bremen.

Methods
In 2016 and 2017, 2051 inpatients were admitted to two specialised hospitals for withdrawal treatment. The potential beneficial effects of QWT over SWT were estimated by simulating treatment outcomes taken from two prospective studies. Outcomes comprised number and length of all-cause hospitalisations within 5 years, as well as abstinence and all-cause mortality rates within 28 months. Outcomes were estimated for actual and increased rates of QWT (25, 50%) among inpatients seeking alcohol treatment.

Results
In the selected hospitals, 170 patients (8%) received QWT. If 25% of AUD inpatients were to receive QWT, benefits in abstinence rates (+ 18%), the total number of hospitalisations (− 9%) and hospital days (− 10%) could be expected. If 50% of AUD inpatients were to receive QWT, benefits in abstinence rates (+ 45%), the total number of hospitalisations (− 23%) and hospital days (− 26%) were more pronounced, in addition to reductions in mortality (− 20%).

Conclusion
Increasing the proportion of people with severe AUD enrolled in extended withdrawal treatment programs (such as QWT) may contribute to reduce overall alcohol-attributable burden of disease. Randomised controlled trials or other prospective studies controlling for confounding factors are needed to determine the potential at the population level.
Forecasting tumor and vasculature response dynamics to radiation therapy via image based mathematical modeling
Authors: Hormuth David A. , Jarrett Angela M. , Yankeelov Thomas E. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
Intra-and inter-tumoral heterogeneity in growth dynamics and vascularity influence tumor response to radiation therapy. Quantitative imaging techniques capture these dynamics non-invasively, and these data can initialize and constrain predictive models of response on an individual basis.

Methods
We have developed a family of 10 biologically-based mathematical models describing the spatiotemporal dynamics of tumor volume fraction, blood volume fraction, and response to radiation therapy. To evaluate this family of models, rats (n = 13) with C6 gliomas were imaged with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) three times before, and four times following a single fraction of 20 Gy or 40 Gy whole brain irradiation. The first five 3D time series data of tumor volume fraction, estimated from diffusion-weighted (DW-) MRI, and blood volume fraction, estimated from dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE-) MRI, were used to calibrate tumor-specific model parameters. The most parsimonious and well calibrated of the 10 models, selected using the Akaike information criterion, was then utilized to predict future growth and response at the final two imaging time points. Model predictions were compared at the global level (percent error in tumor volume, and Dice coefficient) as well as at the local or voxel level (concordance correlation coefficient).

Result
The selected model resulted in < 12% error in tumor volume predictions, strong spatial agreement between predicted and observed tumor volumes (Dice coefficient > 0.74), and high level of agreement at the voxel level between the predicted and observed tumor volume fraction and blood volume fraction (concordance correlation coefficient > 0.77 and > 0.65, respectively).

Conclusions
This study demonstrates that serial quantitative MRI data collected before and following radiation therapy can be used to accurately predict tumor and vasculature response with a biologically-based mathematical model that is calibrated on an individual basis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first effort to characterize the tumor and vasculature response to radiation therapy temporally and spatially using imaging-driven mathematical models.
MiR-199a-modified exosomes from adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells improve hepatocellular carcinoma chemosensitivity through mTOR pathway
Authors: Lou Guohua , Chen Liang , Xia Caixia , Wang Weina , Qi Jinjin , Li Aichun , Zhao Liying , Chen Zhi , Zheng Min , Liu Yanning 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
MiR-199a-3p (miR-199a) can enhance the chemosensitivity of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Because of the easy degradation of miRNA by direct infusion, effective vehicle-mediated delivery of miR-199a may represent a new strategy for improving HCC chemotherapy. Considering mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes as promising natural nanovectors for drug and molecule delivery, we aimed to determine whether exosomes from adipose tissue-derived MSCs (AMSCs) could be used to deliver miR-199a and improve HCC chemosensitivity.

Methods
MiR-199a-modified AMSCs (AMSC-199a) were constructed by miR-199a lentivirus infection and puromycin selection. MiR-199-modified exosomes (AMSC-Exo-199a) were isolated from the supernatant of AMSC-199a and were assessed by transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and flow cytometry analysis. The expression levels of miR-199a in HCC samples, AMSCs, exosomes, and HCC cells were quantified by real-time PCR. The effects of AMSC-Exo-199a on HCC chemosensitivity were determined by cell proliferation and apoptosis assays and by i.v. injection into orthotopic HCC mouse models with doxorubicin treatment. MTOR, p-4EBP1 and p-70S6K levels in HCC cells and tissues were quantified by Western blot.

Results
AMSC-Exo-199a had the classic characteristics of exosomes and could effectively mediate miR-199a delivery to HCC cells. Additionally, AMSC-Exo-199a significantly sensitized HCC cells to doxorubicin by targeting mTOR and subsequently inhibiting the mTOR pathway. Moreover, i.v.-injected AMSC-Exo-199a could distribute to tumor tissue and markedly increased the effect of Dox against HCC in vivo.

Conclusions
AMSC-Exo-199a can be an effective vehicle for miR-199a delivery, and they effectively sensitized HCC to chemotherapeutic agents by targeting mTOR pathway. AMSC-Exo-199a administration may provide a new strategy for improving HCC chemosensitivity.