bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The future trajectory for environmental finance: planetary boundaries and environmental, social and governance analysis
Authors: Ding Ashley , Daugaard Dan , Linnenluecke Martina K. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractUrgent issues such as climate change have drawn increasing attention from finance scholars. Most research has situated a corporate response within the context of the environmental, social and governance performance. However, other disciplines express concerns around environmental degradation within broader frameworks, such as the Planetary Boundaries framework. We highlight the different conceptualisations of ESG and planetary boundaries and call for further research that links finance research to the Planetary Boundaries framework. We describe how contributions in theAccounting & FinanceSpecial Issue on Environmental Finance advance research in this area and explore implications for future research that responds to the imperatives of remaining within Planetary Boundaries.
Diversity and distribution patterns of aquatic macrophytes in selected ecosystems of south western Nigeria
Authors: Oyebanji Oyetola O. , Bolarinwa Kehinde A. , Olowokudejo James D. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe present study investigates the macrophytes diversity from selected aquatic ecosystems in South‐Western Nigeria using quadrat method. The survey revealed two major aquatic ecosystem types (mangrove and freshwater swamp) and recorded a total of 83 species belonging to 77 genera and 41 families. Three species (Sacciolepis africana, Ipomoea asarifolia and Commelina diffusa) were found present in all the surveyed areas. However, species such as Acrostichum aureum, Avicennia germinans and Rhizophora racemosa were restricted in its distribution. Poaceae and Ludwigia were the dominant family and genus, respectively. In addition, our study recorded Hallea ledermannii classified as vulnerable by IUCN Red List. Diversity analysis revealed high species richness in all the studied locations especially in Lagos State. Similar diversity pattern was observed for Osun and Oyo States. Further, our results reflect that macrophytes assemblages in South‐Western Nigeria could be influenced by human activities. Hence, we recommend further studies that would test hypothesis on how human activities affect the diversity and distribution of flora in the area. Additionally, conservation of the aquatic environments of the region appears necessary. The findings of this study provide insights on the patterns of macrophyte diversity in South‐Western Nigeria, thus, forms a guideline for initiating effective conservation policies in the area.
Patterns of permit requests and issuance for regulated alien and invasive species in South Africa for the period 2015‐2018
Authors: Moshobane Moleseng C. , Nnzeru Livhuwani R. , Nelukalo Khathutshelo , Mothapo Natasha P. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractInvasive species typically establish in areas outside their natural distribution through accidental introduction and accidental release or escape. Some species are introduced legally for economic and social benefits such as recreational hunting, the pet trade and research through established permitting processes driven by appropriate laws and regulations. The aim of this study was to determine whether there is a trend in demand for regulated alien taxa based on permit requests and to ascertain the activities for which permits requested in order to infer the drivers of alien taxa demand in South Africa. We examined the Department of Environmental Affairs (DEA) species permitting application database records from October 2015 to February 2018. From the total of 1,390 permit applications during this period, 79.2% of the permits were issued for various economic and social activities associated with the following species: Red lechwe (Kobus leche leche, Gray), fallow deer (Dama dama Linnaeus), Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella Valenciennes), Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus Linnaeus) and rose‐ring parakeet (Psittacula krameri Scopoli). Our results suggest that economic activities such as hunting and sport fishing are driving the demand for some regulated species. We suggest reinforced monitoring and inspection for permit compliance for species sought to minimise potential escape.
Study of colorectal cancer resection patterns across the state of Victoria using validated administrative data algorithms
Authors: MacCallum Caroline , Da Silva Nigel , Skandarajah Anita , Hayes Ian 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundAdministrative data provide a unique opportunity to examine whole‐of‐state colorectal cancer (CRC) data. The purpose of this study was to compare types of CRC resection across Victorian geographical zones, using hospital volume and accredited training‐post status.MethodsAll CRC resections in Victorian public hospitals between 2008 and 2013 were analysed using validated algorithms of administrative data from the Victorian Admitted Episodes Dataset. Hospitals were grouped according to Colorectal Surgical Society of Australia and New Zealand (CSSANZ) training‐post status, case‐volume (high >200 in 5 years) and remoteness of location. Resection frequency and type were compared.ResultsIn 44 public hospitals over 6 years, 7596 CRC resections were performed. Patient age, American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status Classification System score and tumour stage were similar among groups. CSSANZ accounted for nearly 50% of cases but the lowest percentage of emergencies (16.8%). The ratio of right‐sided to left‐sided plus rectal resections was greater for low‐volume than high‐volume centres (56.8% versus 40.4%), while left colon and rectal resections comprised a larger proportion of high‐volume workload. High‐ compared with low‐volume favoured ultra‐low anterior resections (62% versus 33%) over abdominoperineal resections (38% versus 67%). Work patterns among high‐volume hospitals were similar regardless of remoteness or CSSANZ status.ConclusionThis study demonstrated that administrative data can provide granular, clinically relevant information with population‐wide coverage. Most public CRC resections in Victoria were performed in metropolitan hospitals. The majority of rectal cancer resections were performed in high‐volume metropolitan centres but 15% were performed by low‐volume regional hospitals.
Surgical management and long‐term outcome of dogs with cervical spondylomyelopathy with an anchored intervertebral titanium device
Authors: King JC , Corfield GS , Mouatt JG , Kan CY , Moses PA 
Published: February 2020

ObjectiveTo assess the short‐ and long‐term outcome of an anchored intervertebral titanium device (C‐LOX) for the treatment of 10 dogs with disc‐associated cervical spondylomyelopathy (DACSM) and 1 dog with osseous‐associated cervical spondylomyelopathy.DesignRetrospective case series.MethodsDogs were included if they were diagnosed with either DACSM or osseous‐associated cervical spondylomyelopathy via myelography with or without advanced imaging and underwent surgical distraction and stabilisation of the affected intervertebral disc with a C‐LOX implant. Assessment included short‐term neurological outcome, radiography immediately and 6 weeks' postsurgery, owner questionnaire and veterinary clinical assessment.ResultsThe mean follow‐up time was 12 months. Improvement in neurological status was noted in 10 of 11 dogs. Screw loosening or subsidence occurred in five dogs. Revision surgery was performed in two dogs due to implant fracture (n = 1) and recurrence of spinal cord compression due to endplate subsidence around the implant (n = 1). Adjacent segment disease occurred in three dogs (30%) with DACSM at a mean of 11 months postsurgery.ConclusionThe use of the C‐LOX implant for dogs with cervical spondylomyelopathy resulted in a high rate of initial neurological improvement; however, there is a moderate incidence of minor and major complications that is comparable to previously described distraction–stabilisation techniques.
Brachycephalic airway syndrome: management of post‐operative respiratory complications in 248 dogs
Authors: Lindsay B , Cook D , Wetzel J‐M , Siess S , Moses P 
Published: February 2020

ObjectiveAs ownership of brachycephalic dog breeds rises, the surgical correction of components of brachycephalic airway syndrome (BAS) is increasingly recommended by veterinarians. This study's objective was to describe the incidence of, and strategies for the management of post‐operative respiratory complications in brachycephalic dogs undergoing surgical correction of one or more components of BAS.MethodsMedical records of 248 brachycephalic dogs treated surgically for BAS were retrospectively reviewed for demographic information, procedures performed, post‐operative complications and treatment implemented, hospitalisation time, and necessity for further surgery.ResultsPugs, Cavalier King Charles Spaniels and British Bulldogs were the most commonly encountered breeds. Dogs which experienced a complication were significantly older (mean was 5.5 years, compared with 4.1 years [P < 0.01]). Fifty‐eight dogs (23.4%) had complications which included: dyspnoea managed with supplemental oxygen alone (7.3%, n = 18), dyspnoea requiring anaesthesia and re‐intubation (8.9%, n = 22), dyspnoea necessitating treatment with a temporary tracheostomy (8.9%, n = 22), aspiration pneumonia (4%, n = 10), and respiratory or cardiac arrest (2.4%, n = 6). Five of the 22 dogs requiring anaesthesia and re‐intubation deteriorated 12 or more hours after post‐surgical anaesthetic recovery. The overall mortality rate in this study was 2.4% (n = 6). Age, concurrent airway pathology, and emergency presentation significantly predicted post‐operative complications.ConclusionOur data show the importance of close monitoring for a minimum of 24 h following surgery by an experienced veterinarian or veterinary technician. Surgical intervention for BAS symptomatic dogs should be considered at an earlier age as an elective procedure, to reduce the risk of post‐operative complications.
Post‐haematopoietic cell transplantation outcomes: why ST2 became a ‘golden nugget’ biomarker
Authors: Paczesny Sophie 
Published: February 2020

SummaryImmunotherapies have emerged as highly promising approaches to treat cancer patients. Allogeneic haematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is the most validated tumour immunotherapy available to date but its clinical efficacy is limited by toxicities, such as graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD) and treatment resistance leading to relapse. The problems with new cellular therapies and checkpoint inhibitors are similar. However, development of biomarkers post‐HCT, particularly for toxicities, has taken off in the last decade and has expanded greatly. Thanks to the advances in genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and cytomics technologies, blood biomarkers have been identified and validated in promising diagnostic tests, prognostic tests stratifying for future occurrence of GVHD, and predictive tests for responsiveness to GVHD therapy and non‐relapse mortality. These biomarkers may facilitate timely and selective therapeutic intervention. This review outlines a path from biomarker discovery to first clinical correlation, focusing on soluble STimulation‐2 (sST2) ‒ the interleukin (IL)‐33‐decoy receptor ‒ which is the most validated biomarker.
Causal illusion as a cognitive basis of pseudoscientific beliefs
Authors: Torres Marta N. , Barberia Itxaso , Rodríguez‐Ferreiro Javier 
Published: February 2020

Causal illusion has been proposed as a cognitive mediator of pseudoscientific beliefs. However, previous studies have only tested the association between this cognitive bias and a closely related but different type of unwarranted beliefs, those related to superstition and paranormal phenomena. Participants (n = 225) responded to a novel questionnaire of pseudoscientific beliefs designed for this study. They also completed a contingency learning task in which a possible cause, infusion intake, and a desired effect, headache remission, were actually non‐contingent. Volunteers with higher scores on the questionnaire also presented stronger causal illusion effects. These results support the hypothesis that causal illusions might play a fundamental role in the endorsement of pseudoscientific beliefs.
Utility of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging in the risk stratification of men with Grade Group 1 prostate cancer on active surveillance
Authors: Mamawala Mufaddal K. , Meyer Alexa R. , Landis Patricia K. , Macura Katarzyna J. , Epstein Jonathan I. , Partin Alan W. , Carter Ballentine H. , Gorin Michael A. 
Published: February 2020

ObjectiveTo assess if the adoption of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) in active surveillance (AS) has improved the identification of occult higher‐grade prostate cancer (PCa).Patients and MethodsWe retrospectively identified men from the Johns Hopkins AS registry enrolled since 2013 (year of mpMRI adoption) with Grade Group (GG) 1 PCa and who underwent a single mpMRI. Men in this group were dichotomised by the presence (n = 207) or absence (negative mpMRI, n = 225) of one or more lesions with a Prostate Imaging‐Reporting and Data System (PI‐RADS) score of ≥ 3. Both groups were compared to a third cohort of men with GG1 PCa enrolled in AS prior to 2013 (pre‐mpMRI era, n = 669). The risk of upgrading to GG ≥ 2 PCa on follow‐up biopsies (performed with or without MRI targeting) was evaluated among the groups using survival analysis.ResultsMen in both mpMRI groups underwent a median (interquartile range [IQR]) of 2 (2–3) biopsies separated by a median (IQR) interval of 13 (12–16) months, whereas men in the pre‐MRI era underwent a median (IQR) of 3 (2–5) biopsies, separated by a median (IQR) interval of 12 (12–14) months. The 2‐ and 4‐year upgrade‐free survival rates were 93% and 83%, 74% and 59%; and, 87% and 76% for the negative mpMRI, PI‐RADS ≥ 3, and pre‐mpMRI‐era groups, respectively (P < 0.001). On multivariable analysis, both mpMRI groups had significantly different risk of upgrading compared to pre‐mpMRI‐era group (negative mpMRI group: hazard ratio [HR] 0.61, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.39–0.95, P = 0.03; PI‐RADS ≥ 3 group: HR 1.96, 95% CI 1.36–2.82, P < 0.001).ConclusionsmpMRI improves the risk stratification of men on AS and should be used to aid enrolment and monitoring decisions.
El Niño impacts on human‐modified tropical forests: Consequences for dung beetle diversity and associated ecological processes
Authors: França Filipe M. , Ferreira Joice , Vaz‐de‐Mello Fernando Z. , Maia Laís F. , Berenguer Erika , Ferraz Palmeira Alessandro , Fadini Rodrigo , Louzada Júlio , Braga Rodrigo , Hugo Oliveira Victor , Barlow Jos 
Published: February 2020

AbstractOur knowledge of how tropical forest biodiversity and functioning respond to anthropogenic and climate‐associated stressors is limited. Research exploring El Niño impacts are scarce or based on single post‐disturbance assessments, and few studies assess forests previously affected by anthropogenic disturbance. Focusing on dung beetles and associated ecological functions, we assessed (a) the ecological effects of a strong El Niño, (b) if post‐El Niño beetle responses were influenced by previous forest disturbance, and (c) how these responses compare between forests impacted only by drought and those affected by both drought and fires. We sampled 30 Amazonian forest plots distributed across a gradient of human disturbance in 2010, 2016, and 2017—approximately 5 years before, and 3–6 and 15–18 months after the 2015–16 El Niño. We found 14,451 beetles from 98 species and quantified the beetle‐mediated dispersal of >8,600 seed mimics and the removal of c. 30 kg of dung. All dung beetle responses (species richness, abundance, biomass, compositional similarity to pre‐El Niño condition, and rates of dung removal and seed dispersal) declined after the 2015–16 El Niño, but the greatest immediate losses (i.e., in 2016) were observed within fire‐affected forests. Previous forest disturbance also influenced post‐El Niño dung beetle species richness, abundance, and species composition. We demonstrate that dung beetles and their ecological functions are negatively affected by climate‐associated disturbances in human‐modified Amazonian forests and suggest that the interaction between local anthropogenic and climate‐related stressors merits further investigation.Abstract in Portuguese is available with online material.
Research joint venture with technology transfer
Authors: Ko Chiu Yu , Zhang Xuyao 
Published: February 2020

AbstractKamien et al. (1992) show that an industry‐wide research joint venture (RJV), compared to the case without any RJV, does not lead to better technological development or a higher consumer surplus. In contrast, we show that every non‐industry‐wide RJV leads to strict improvements in both measures and it also results in higher production efficiency. Furthermore, when technology transfer is possible after making R&D investment, our results continue to hold, and when research efficiency is low, these improvements are further magnified. Governments should encourage innovation through independent collaboration with technology transfer as an alternative to establishing industry‐wide research consortiums.
Healthcare needs and utilization patterns of sex‐trafficked youth: Missed opportunities at a children's hospital
Authors: Ertl Serwa , Bokor Brooke , Tuchman Lisa , Miller Elizabeth , Kappel Rachel , Deye Katherine 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundDomestic minor sex‐trafficked (DMST) youth experience profound medical and mental health consequences. This retrospective study reviewed healthcare utilization patterns and documented individualized risk factors of sex‐trafficked youth in the 5 years prior to presenting to a healthcare setting. The primary aim of this study was to examine healthcare utilization patterns among DMST youth with the goal of determining opportunities for earlier identification within the healthcare system.MethodsA chart review was conducted of all patients <18 years old referred for suspected or confirmed sex trafficking to a child and adolescent protection centre (CAPC) in an urban, academic children's hospital in Washington, DC from January 1, 2006 to March 1, 2017. Patients were seen by a child abuse pediatrician or a trauma‐informed social worker in an inpatient, outpatient, or emergency department setting. Demographics and medical, psychiatric, and social history were abstracted from encounters within the hospital's healthcare system along with provider concern for DMST up to 5 years prior to their initial CAPC visit. Descriptive statistics were performed.ResultsThirty‐nine patients were identified with a mean age of 14.6 years (SD = 1.7). Ninety percent (n = 35/39) of patients were seen in the healthcare system within the 5 years prior to their initial CAPC visit, totaling 191 encounters. Of the visits, 57% (n = 108/191) occurred in the emergency department. The most common chief complaints for encounters were psychiatric (21%, n = 41/191). Less than half of the youth, 43%, had any documented provider concern for sex trafficking in their medical record prior to identification as DMST.ConclusionMost of this cohort was previously evaluated within the healthcare system. However, there was limited provider documentation of concern for DMST despite the presence of risk factors. Provider recognition of youth at risk for DMST is crucial for providing care for youth.
Categorizing mothers' and fathers' conceptualizations of children's serious play‐related injuries: “You won't grow a finger back”
Authors: Bauer Michelle E. E. , Brussoni Mariana , Giles Audrey R. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundThere is inconsistency across child development and care literature in operationalizing serious play‐related injury and also a lack of understanding of how mothers and fathers conceptualize serious play‐related injury. The current study explores parents' perspectives of their 2‐ to 7‐year‐old children's serious play‐related injuries in urban and rural areas of British Columbia and Québec, Canada, and provides an urban/rural and gender analysis of the results.MethodsWe conducted semistructured interviews with 41 mothers and 63 fathers from 57 families, a total of 104 participants, in urban and rural locations in British Columbia and Québec, Canada. We used a social constructionist approach to the research and reflexive thematic analysis to construct themes from participant responses and to inform the consequent categorizations of serious play‐related injury.ResultsThe results indicate four categories of parents' conceptualizations of serious play‐related injury: (a) injury requiring medical intervention, (b) injury resulting in head trauma, (c) injury resulting in debilitation, and (d) broken bones.ConclusionsChild development and care advocates can use these categories to strengthen their communications with parents and to improve understanding of parents' conceptualizations of children's serious play‐related injury.
International consensus definition of low anterior resection syndrome
Authors: Keane C. , Fearnhead N. S. , Bordeianou L. , Christensen P. , Espin Basany E. , Laurberg S. , Mellgren A. , Messick C. , Orangio G. R. , Verjee A. , Wing K. , Bissett I. ,   the LARS International Collaborative Group
Published: February 2020

AbstractAimLow anterior resection syndrome (LARS) is pragmatically defined as disordered bowel function after rectal resection leading to a detriment in quality of life. This broad characterization does not allow for precise estimates of prevalence. The LARS score was designed as a simple tool for clinical evaluation of LARS. Although the LARS score has good clinical utility, it may not capture all important aspects that patients may experience. The aim of this collaboration was to develop an international consensus definition of LARS that encompasses all aspects of the condition and is informed by all stakeholders.MethodThis international patient–provider initiative used an online Delphi survey, regional patient consultation meetings, and an international consensus meeting. Three expert groups participated: patients, surgeons and other health professionals from five regions (Australasia, Denmark, Spain, Great Britain and Ireland, and North America) and in three languages (English, Spanish, and Danish). The primary outcome measured was the priorities for the definition of LARS.ResultsThree hundred twenty‐five participants (156 patients) registered. The response rates for successive rounds of the Delphi survey were 86%, 96% and 99%. Eighteen priorities emerged from the Delphi survey. Patient consultation and consensus meetings refined these priorities to eight symptoms and eight consequences that capture essential aspects of the syndrome. Sampling bias may have been present, in particular, in the patient panel because social media was used extensively in recruitment. There was also dominance of the surgical panel at the final consensus meeting despite attempts to mitigate this.ConclusionThis is the first definition of LARS developed with direct input from a large international patient panel. The involvement of patients in all phases has ensured that the definition presented encompasses the vital aspects of the patient experience of LARS. The novel separation of symptoms and consequences may enable greater sensitivity to detect changes in LARS over time and with intervention.