bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alpha‐Synuclein Oligomers and Neurofilament Light Chain in Spinal Fluid Differentiate Multiple System Atrophy from Lewy Body Synucleinopathies
Authors: Singer Wolfgang , Schmeichel Ann M. , Shahnawaz Mohammad , Schmelzer James D. , Boeve Bradley F. , Sletten David M. , Gehrking Tonette L. , Gehrking Jade A. , Olson Anita D. , Savica Rodolfo , Suarez Mariana D. , Soto Claudio , Low Phillip A. 
Published: June 2020

ObjectiveTo explore the role of alpha‐synuclein (αSyn) oligomers and neurofilament light chain (NFL) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) as markers of early multiple system atrophy (MSA) and to contrast findings with Lewy body synucleinopathies.MethodsIn a discovery cohort of well‐characterized early MSA patients (n = 24) and matched healthy controls (CON, n = 14), we utilized enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay to measure NFL and protein misfolding cyclic amplification (PMCA) to detect αSyn oligomers in CSF. We confirmed findings in a separate prospectively enrolled cohort of patients with early MSA (n = 38), Parkinson disease (PD, n = 16), and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB, n = 13), and CON subjects (n = 15).ResultsIn the discovery cohort, NFL was markedly elevated in MSA patients, with perfect separation from CON. αSyn‐PMCA was nonreactive in all CON, whereas all MSA samples were positive. In the confirmatory cohort, NFL again perfectly separated MSA from CON, and was significantly lower in PD and DLB compared to MSA. PMCA was again nonreactive in all CON, and positive in all but 2 MSA cases. All PD and all but 2 DLB samples were also positive for αSyn aggregates but with markedly different reaction kinetics from MSA; aggregation occurred later, but maximum fluorescence was higher, allowing for perfect separation of reactive samples between MSA and Lewy body synucleinopathies.InterpretationNFL and αSyn oligomers in CSF faithfully differentiate early MSA not only from CON but also from Lewy body synucleinopathies. The findings support the role of these markers as diagnostic biomarkers, and have important implications for understanding pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying the synucleinopathies. ANN NEUROL 2020;88:503–512
Room‐Temperature Formation Pathway for CdTeSe Alloy Magic‐Size Clusters
Authors: Zhang Hai , Luan Chaoran , Gao Dong , Zhang Meng , Rowell Nelson , Willis Maureen , Chen Meng , Zeng Jianrong , Fan Hongsong , Huang Wen , Chen Xiaoqin , Yu Kui 
Published: June 2020

AbstractLittle is known about the pathway of room‐temperature formation of ternary CdTeSe magic‐size clusters (MSCs) obtained by mixing binary CdTe and CdSe induction period samples containing binary precursor compounds (PCs) of MSCs, monomers (Ms), and fragments (Fs). Also, unestablished are dispersion effects that occur when as‐mixed samples (without incubation) are placed in toluene (Tol) and octylamine (OTA) mixtures. The resulting ternary MSCs, exhibiting a sharp optical absorption peak at 399 nm, are labelled CdTeSe MSC‐399, and their PCs are referred to as CdTeSe PC‐399. When the amount of OTA is relatively small, single‐ensemble MSC‐399 evolved without either binary CdTe or CdSe MSCs. When the OTA amount is relatively large, CdTe MSC‐371 appeared initially and then disappeared, while single‐ensemble MSC‐399 developed more deliberately. The larger the OTA amount, the more slowly these changes proceeded. The substitution reaction of CdTe PC + CdSe M/F↔CdTeSe PC‐399 + CdTe M/F is proposed to be rate‐determining for the MSC‐399 formation in a Tol and OTA mixture. This study provides further understanding of the transformation pathway between MSCs.
Organic‐Free Synthesis of Zeolite Y with High Si/Al Ratios: Combined Strategy of In Situ Hydroxyl Radical Assistance and Post‐Synthesis Treatment
Authors: Wang Jianyu , Liu Pusheng , Boronat Mercedes , Ferri Pau , Xu Zhaoguo , Liu Peng , Shen Baojian , Wang Zhendong , Yu Jihong 
Published: June 2020

AbstractZeolite Y, with a high SiO2/Al2O3 ratio (SAR), plays an important role in fluidized catalytic cracking processes. However, in situ synthesis of zeolite Y with high SARs remains a challenge because of kinetic limitations. Here, zeolite Y with an SAR of 6.35 is synthesized by a hydroxyl radical assisted route. Density‐functional theory (DFT) calculations suggest that hydroxyl radicals preferentially enhanced the formation of Si‐O‐Si bonds, thus leading to an increased SAR. To further increase the SAR, a dealumination process was carried out using citric acid, with a subsequent second‐step hydrothermal crystallization, giving an SAR of up to 7.5 while maintaining good crystallinity and high product yield. The resultant zeolite Y shows good performance in cumene cracking. Introduced here is a new strategy for synthesizing high SAR zeolite Y, which is widely used in commercial applications.
Optimizing Charge Switching in Membrane Lytic Peptides for Endosomal Release of Biomacromolecules
Authors: Sakamoto Kentarou , Akishiba Misao , Iwata Takahiro , Murata Kazuya , Mizuno Seiya , Kawano Kenichi , Imanishi Miki , Sugiyama Fumihiro , Futaki Shiroh 
Published: June 2020

AbstractEndocytic pathways are practical routes for the intracellular delivery of biomacromolecules. Along with this, effective strategies for endosomal cargo release into the cytosol are desired to achieve successful delivery. Focusing on compositional differences between the cell and endosomal membranes and the pH decrease within endosomes, we designed the lipid‐sensitive and pH‐responsive endosome‐lytic peptide HAad. This peptide contains aminoadipic acid (Aad) residues, which serve as a safety catch for preferential permeabilization of endosomal membranes over cell membranes, and His‐to‐Ala substitutions enhance the endosomolytic activity. The ability of HAad to destabilize endosomal membranes was supported by model studies using large unilamellar vesicles (LUVs) and by increased intracellular delivery of biomacromolecules (including antibodies) into live cells. Cerebral ventricle injection of Cre recombinase with HAad led to Cre/loxP recombination in a mouse model, thus demonstrating potential applicability of HAad in vivo.
Frequency domain subspace identification of fractional order systems using time domain data with outliers
Authors: Li Zongyang , Wei Yiheng , Wang Jiachang , Deng Yongting , Wang Jianli , Wang Yong 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis paper focuses on the identification of the multiple‐input multiple‐output commensurate fractional order systems. Different from the assumption of known frequency domain data and prior information about noise in the general frequency domain identification algorithm, the reliable frequency domain data is measured in this paper by designing special excitation signals. Then, in order to suppress the impact of noise, the data used in algorithm are truncated from the low frequency band. In addition, this paper considers the case where the sampling data are disturbed by outliers, and a matrix decomposition method with threshold value is developed to eliminate the influence of outliers. After that, the parameters of the system to be identified are estimated by the frequency domain subspace identification method. The validity of the proposed method is demonstrated by an illustrative numerical example.
Detection and characterization of stellar magnetic activity with Gaia
Authors: Distefano Elisa , Lanzafame Alessandro 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe Gaia Data Release 2 (DR2) supplied a catalog of 147,644 late‐type stars for which the analysis of the G‐band photometric time series allowed the detection of the rotation period and an estimate of the magnetic activity level. The Gaia DR3 will be based on photometric time series spanning a longer time interval and will allow the detection and characterization of about 1 million stars with magnetic activity. In the present work, we show how the Gaia data allows us to study variability phenomena connected to the stellar magnetic activity and occurs on very different timescales. We also show how the Gaia data, combined with long‐term photometric surveys such as all sky automated survey (ASAS), can be exploited to detect magnetic activity cycles.
Measurements of visual binaries with EMCCD cameras and the Nice 76‐cm refractor in 2009–2010
Authors: Gili René , Prieur Jean‐Louis , Rivet Jean‐Pierre , Scardia Marco , Pansecchi Luigi , Argyle Robert W. , Ling Josefina F. , Piccotti Luca , Aristidi Eric , Koechlin Laurent , Bonneau Daniel , Maccarini Luca 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe present relative astrometric and photometric measurements of visual binaries made in 2009–2010 with the 76‐cm refractor of Côte d'Azur Observatory and a pair of sensitive EMCCD ANDOR cameras. Our observing list includes optical pairs and binaries whose orbital motion is still uncertain. Three different techniques were used for obtaining measurements: Lucky Imaging, Speckle Interferometry, and the Direct Vector Autocorrelation method. From our 2,050 observations of double stars, we obtained 1,652 new measurements of the relative position of 1,792 objects, with angular separations in the range 0".1–14".1. The average accuracy is estimated at 0".02 for the angular separations and 0°.6 for the position angles. We managed to observe faint systems (mV ≈ 12) with a large magnitude difference (up to ΔmV ≈ 5). We have thus been able to measure many systems containing red dwarf stars that had been poorly monitored since their discovery. We also measured the difference of magnitude of the two components of 1,143 objects with an estimated error of 0.2
mag.
Revitalizing the sugarcane industry by adding value to A‐molasses in biorefineries
Authors: Dogbe Eunice S. , Mandegari Mohsen , Görgens Johann F. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe downward trend of global sugar market prices, as well as rising energy prices, threaten the survival of the South African sugar industry. Operating a single‐stage sugar crystallization process, which produces less crystalline sugar along with sucrose‐rich A‐molasses as a by‐product, to which value can be added in an integrated biorefinery, could be a viable solution for the industry. It would offer a diversification option as opposed to the current three‐stage crystallization process designed to achieve maximum sugar recovery. This study presents a rigorous Aspen Plus simulation development and economic assessment of different biorefinery scenarios producing succinic acid (SA) and short‐chain fructooligosaccharides (scFOS) from A‐molasses at target market sizes of 440 kt/year and 160 kt/year, respectively, considering the production capacity and market price interplays. In all, seven scenarios of single‐ or multi‐product(s) biorefinery annexed to an existing sugar mill were developed and assessed. Due to the integration benefits, all scenarios studied delivered an internal rate of return (IRR) between 24.1–61.1%, significantly above the required discount rate of 9.7%. In particular, co‐production of SA and scFOS syrup at production rates 40.5 kt/year and 13.5 kt/year from 70% and 30% of the A‐molasses, respectively resulted in the IRR of 56.1% and was considered the most attractive scenario based on the diverse bio‐production, economic performance and easy market entry of the products determined by low minimum selling prices. The proposed integration can lead to the sustainable operation of existing sugar mills by utilizing resources more efficiently, employment of product diversification and job creation. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Determination of levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, moxifloxacin and gemifloxacin in urine and plasma by HPLC–FLD–DAD using pentafluorophenyl core–shell column: Application to drug monitoring
Authors: Yıldırım Sercan , Karakoç Hanife Nur , Yaşar Ahmet , Köksal İftihar 
Published: June 2020

AbstractConcentrations of fluoroquinolones, which are used in the treatment of many bacterial infections, should be monitored in biological fluids as they exhibit concentration‐dependent bactericidal activity. In this study, a liquid chromatography method for the determination of levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, moxifloxacin and gemifloxacin in human urine and plasma was developed for the first time. The efficiency of five different columns for the separation of these fluoroquinolones was compared. Experimental parameters that affect the separation, such as percentage of organic solvent, pH, temperature, gradient shape and detector wavelength, were optimized by a step‐by‐step approach. Using a pentafluorophenyl core–shell column (100 × 4.6 mm, 2.7 μm), the separation of four analytes was accomplished in <7.5 min. The developed method was validated for the determination of analytes in both urine and plasma with respect to sensitivity, specificity, linearity (r ≥ 0.9989), recovery (79.46–102.69%), accuracy, precision and stability (85.79–111.07%). The intra‐ and inter‐day accuracies were within 89.55–111.94% with relative standard deviations of 0.35–8.05%. The feasibility of method was demonstrated by analyzing urine and plasma samples of patients orally receiving levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin or moxifloxacin. The developed method is suitable for therapeutic drug monitoring of these fluoroquinolones and can be applied to pharmacokinetic and toxicological studies.
Long noncoding RNA FOXD2‐AS1 aggravates hepatocellular carcinoma tumorigenesis by regulating the miR‐206/MAP3K1 axis
Authors: Hu Wei , Feng Hui , Xu Xiaoyu , Huang Xin , Huang Xingyue , Chen Wenwei , Hao Lidan , Xia Wenfang 
Published: June 2020

AbstractLncRNAs play crucial roles in the development of various cancers including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Nevertheless, the function of the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) FOXD2‐AS1 in HCC is still poorly understood. In this study, we focused on the role of FOXD2‐AS1 in HCC. We found that FOXD2‐AS1 was significantly upregulated in HCC cells in comparison to normal human liver cells, LO2. In this study, we also demonstrated that miR‐206 expression was greatly reduced in HCC cells. Furthermore, the inhibition of FOXD2‐AS1 repressed HCC cell proliferation, enhanced cell apoptosis, and restrained cell invasion and migration. The knockdown of FOXD2‐AS1 elevated miR‐206 expression, and we validated an interaction between these RNAs. Additionally, miR‐206 mimics inhibited HCC development while miR‐206 mimics had the opposite effect. MAP kinase 1 (MAP3K1) was predicted to be a target of miR‐206. We discovered that FOXD2‐AS1 modulated MAP3K1 expression by sponging miR‐206 in MHCC‐97L and HepG2 cells. Finally, our in vivo experiments validated that the knockdown of FOXD2‐AS1 inhibited HCC progression by modulating the miR‐206/MAP3K1 axis. In conclusion, this work implies FOXD2‐AS1 accelerates HCC progression through sponging miR‐206 and regulating MAP3K1 expression.
Novel approach for peptic ulcer perforation surgery
Authors: Ahmadinejad Mojtaba , Haji Maghsoudi Leila 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA case of peritonitis following the repair of perforated peptic ulcer using omental flap. The revision surgery was performed using pedicled falciform ligament flap, and no postoperative and one‐month follow‐up complications were reported. In cases of perforated peptic ulcer that cannot be treated with omentopexy, use of a falciform ligament.
Arnold‐Chiari malformation type 1 as an unusual cause of acute respiratory failure: A case report
Authors: Khatib Mohamad Y. , Elshafei Moustafa S. , Shabana Amr M. , Mutkule Dnyaneshwar P. , Chengamaraju Dinesh , Kannappilly Nevin , Alaudeen Nazeer , Joshi Ruchir Milind , Naswhan Abdulqadir J. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe authors urge clinicians to consider the possibility of Arnold‐Chiari Malformation type 1 with other central causes especially in cases where acute respiratory failure is unexplainable.
JoyaPhos: An Atropisomeric Teraryl Monophosphine Ligand
Authors: Castrogiovanni Alessandro , Lotter Dominik , Bissegger Fabian R. , Sparr Christof 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA topologically well‐defined atropisomeric teraryl monophosphine ligand system, prepared by a highly stereoselective arene‐forming aldol condensation combined with a direct ester‐to‐anthracene transformation, is described herein. The ligands were evaluated for gold(I)‐catalyzed [2+2] cycloaddition and cycloisomerization reactions as well as a unique intramolecular Pd‐catalyzed C−N cross‐coupling for the atroposelective synthesis of a N‐aryl‐indoline bearing a C−N stereogenic axis. The ligand structure induced up to 95:5 stereoselectivity in the asymmetric allylic alkylation reaction and features an interesting dynamic behavior as observed by X‐ray crystallographic studies.
Discovery of an Orally Active and Long‐Acting DPP‐IV Inhibitor through Property‐Based Optimization with an in Silico Biotransformation Prediction Tool
Authors: Zeng Shaogao , Dou Wenyuan , Li Manna , Zhou Yang , Guo Jiehuang , Zhao Nan , Huang Hong , Zhou Qiaoli , Hu Wenhui , Ma Yanfang , Zhao Xin , Xie Hui 
Published: June 2020

AbstractLong‐acting dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitors have emerged as promising molecules for interventions for type 2 diabetes. Once weekly dosing brings greater patient compliance and more stable glycemic control. Starting from our previous highly potent compound with a thienoprimidine scaffold, which is unfortunately severely hit by hepatic biotransformation, a lead compound was rapidly generated by drawing on the experience of our previously discovered long‐acting compounds with pyrrolopyrimidine scaffold. With the aid of an in silico biotransformation prediction tool, (R)‐2‐((2‐(3‐aminopiperidin‐1‐yl)‐4‐oxo‐6‐(pyridin‐3‐yl)thieno[3,2‐d]pyrimidin‐3(4H)‐yl)methyl)‐4‐fluorobenzonitrile was eventually generated and determined to have high potency, a fine pharmacokinetic profile, and a long‐acting in vivo efficacy.
Amelanotic melanoma recurrence diagnosed by fine‐needle aspiration cytology: A case report
Authors: Khairwa Anju 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAmelanotic melanoma is a variant of malignant melanoma. Amelanotic melanoma has similar morphology of a wide variety of epithelial and non‐epithelial malignant tumours, variable cytomorphology of melanoma has been described on exfoliative and fine‐needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). Aim of index study to describe FNAC of a rare case of recurrent amelanotic melanoma of right lateral knee swelling. Case: A 37‐year‐old male presented right lateral knee multi‐nodular swelling last for 1 month with history of similar swelling 6 months back and operated. Histologically it was reported amelanotic malignant melanoma. FNAC revealed mordantly pleomorphic malignant cells predominantly plasmacytoid, plump shaped, prominent single to multiple nucleoli along with bi‐nucleated and multi‐nucleated tumour giant cells were also noted. Histology and immunohistochemistry (IHC) slides were reviewed and confirm the diagnosis. Concluded amelanotic melanoma has highly varied cytomorphology with multiple differential diagnosis and IHC markers are of great value for final diagnosis of it.
Estimating the drivers of species distributions with opportunistic data using mediation analysis
Authors: Huberman David B. , Reich Brian J. , Pacifici Krishna , Collazo Jaime A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractEcological occupancy modeling has historically relied on high‐quality, low‐quantity designed‐survey data for estimation and prediction. In recent years, there has been a large increase in the amount of high‐quantity, unknown‐quality opportunistic data. This has motivated research on how best to combine these two data sources in order to optimize inference. Existing methods can be infeasible for large datasets or require opportunistic data to be located where designed‐survey data exist. These methods map species occupancies, motivating a need to properly evaluate covariate effects (e.g., land cover proportion) on their distributions. We describe a spatial estimation method for supplementarily including additional opportunistic data using mediation analysis concepts. The opportunistic data mediate the effect of the covariate on the designed‐survey data response, decomposing it into a direct and indirect effect. A component of the indirect effect can then be quickly estimated via regressing the mediator on the covariate, while the other components are estimated through a spatial occupancy model. The regression step allows for use of large quantities of opportunistic data that can be collected in locations with no designed‐survey data available. Simulation results suggest that the mediated method produces an improvement in relative MSE when the data are of reasonable quality. However, when the simulated opportunistic data are poorly correlated with the true spatial process, the standard, unmediated method is still preferable. A spatiotemporal extension of the method is also developed for analyzing the effect of deciduous forest land cover on red‐eyed vireo distribution in the southeastern United States and find that including the opportunistic data do not lead to a substantial improvement. Opportunistic data quality remains an important consideration when employing this method, as with other data integration methods.
Heart failure patients with atrial fibrillation benefit from remote patient management: insights from the TIM‐HF2 trial
Authors: Stegmann Tina , Koehler Kerstin , Wachter Rolf , Moeller Volker , Zeynalova Samira , Koehler Friedrich , Laufs Ulrich 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAimsAtrial fibrillation (AF) is a frequent comorbidity in patients with heart failure (HF). HF patients with AF are characterized by high morbidity and increased risk of hospitalizations. We assessed the effects of remote patient management (RPM) in HF patients with AF compared with usual care (UC) in the TIM‐HF2 trial.Methods and resultsFor this post‐hoc analysis, AF status at randomization was assessed in 1537 patients with HF. The primary outcome was the percentage of days lost due to unplanned cardiovascular hospital admissions or death of any cause.Around 966 patients had sinus rhythm (SR) and 571 had AF. The analysis showed a significant interaction between heart rhythm and all‐cause mortality (P for interaction = 0.001). AF patients had more days lost due to unplanned cardiovascular hospitalization than SR patients (7.53%, CI 6.01–9.05 vs. 4.90%, CI 3.98–5.82, ratio 1.54, P = 0.004) and higher all‐cause mortality (11.9%, CI 9.4–14.9 vs. 8.5%, CI 6.8–10.4, HR 0.66, CI 0.47–0.94, P = 0.029). Patients with AF randomized to RPM had significantly less days lost due to unplanned cardiovascular hospital admissions or all‐cause death (5.64%, CI 3.81–7.48) than patients with AF randomized to UC (9.37%, CI 6.98–11.76, ratio 0.60, P = 0.015). No difference was seen in SR patients (UC: 5.25%, CI 3.93–6.58, RPM: 4.55%, CI 3.27–5.83, ratio 0.87, P = 0.452). All‐cause mortality in AF patients was reduced with 9.2% (CI 6.1–13.2) in the RPM group compared with 14.5% (CI 10.7–18.1) in the UC group (HR 0.60, CI 0.36–1.00, P = 0.050).ConclusionsFor patients with atrial fibrillation at study entry, RPM was associated with increased days alive out of hospital. Our results identify HF patients with atrial fibrillation as a promising target population for RPM.