bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation of the photomechanical spalling test in the case of non‐linear dynamic response: Application to a granite rock
Authors: Lukić Bratislav , Saletti Dominique , Forquin Pascal 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this paper, the use of the virtual fields method for the identification of a strongly asymmetric compression–tension response of rock‐like materials under dynamic tensile loading is investigated. The photomechanical spalling set‐up is used, which induces an indirect tensile load in a non‐balanced sample, and the inertial component of the test is directly related to the measured dynamic stress with no previous assumption on the material behaviour. This experimental method provides a direct route to identifying the material asymmetric constitutive response in compression and tension under a uniaxial stress state as well as the material non‐linear response after tensile strength is reached. To validate this approach, the entire measurement chain for the case of a post‐peak response is investigated through simulated experiments that incorporate a damage model and synthetic grid images. Finally, the method is applied to the case of granite rock, namely, a Bohus granite, as to directly measure the material asymmetric compression–tension and the softening response after peak tensile stress.
Aquaporin‐2 and NKCC2 expression pattern in patients with hepatosplenic schistosomiasis
Authors: Duarte Daniella Bezerra , Meneses Gdayllon Cavalcante , Lima Dânya Bandeira , Martins Alice Maria Costa , da Silva Júnior Geraldo Bezerra , Daher Elizabeth De Francesco 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectiveSchistosoma mansoni infection is considered a public health problem. Glomerular involvement in schistosomiasis is a well‐documented complication, especially in hepatosplenic schistosomiasis (HSS). However, renal tubular function is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate, through urinary exosomes, tubular transporters functionally in HSS patients.MethodsCross‐sectional study of 20 HSS patients who had isolated exosomes from urine samples. Protease inhibitor was added in the urine samples who were immediately frozen at −80 °C for further exosomes isolation. After urine had thawed, urinary exosomes were obtained using extensive vortexing, centrifugation and ultracentrifugation steps of urine. Urinary transporters expression from exosomes was evaluated by western blot, including NHE3, AQP2 and NKCC2. Charge amounts for gel electrophoresis were adjusted by urinary creatinine concentration of each patient to avoid urinary concentration bias. All protein expression of HSS patients was relative to healthy controls.ResultsThe expression of aquaporin‐2 (AQP2) was lower in HSS patients than in controls (46.8 ± 40.7 vs. 100 ± 70.2%, P = 0.03) and the expression of the NKCC2 co‐transporter was higher (191.7 ± 248.6 vs. 100 ± 43.6%, P = 0.02).ConclusionsThe decrease of AQP2 and the increase of NKCC2 expression in HSS patients seem to be involved with the inability of urinary concentration in these patients. These data show renal tubular abnormalities in HSS patients without manifest clinical disease.
Arthroscopic approach and intra‐articular anatomy of the equine discomandibular joint compartment of the temporomandibular joint
Authors: Carmalt James L. , Tucker Michelle L. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo develop an arthroscopic approach to the discomandibular joint (DMJ), the ventral compartment of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) of the horse.Study designExperimental study.Sample populationNine cadaveric equine heads and two live horses.MethodsA 2.5‐mm 30° arthroscope was used to explore the DMJ after joint distension. The first portal was created caudally, allowing placement of a rostral portal under visual guidance. Nasotracheal intubation of the live horses allowed mandibular manipulation, which is required for complete visualization of the joint.ResultsA novel injection technique allowed consistent arthrocentesis of the DMJ. The joint could be completely explored by using both portals and manipulation of the mandible. Variations in the medial joint capsule were observed between horses along with a cyst of the mandibular condyle in one horse. The only complication consisted of damage to the parotid salivary gland, which occurred in three cadaver heads. No communication was found between the joint compartments of the TMJ.ConclusionCorrect portal placement and intraoperative manipulation of the mandible were critical and allowed complete exploration and debridement of the DMJ.Clinical significanceDetermining the independence of the TMJ joint compartments has clinical ramifications for the diagnosis and treatment of clinical disorders. Most TMJ pathology, notwithstanding sepsis, is identified within the DMJ. Arthroscopic exploration of the DMJ is possible and may help manage these conditions.
Noncontact Displacement Measurement of Nuclear Waste Canisters in a Geological Disposal by Using an Electromagnetic-Wave Approach
Authors: Cappelli Mauro , Surrenti Vincenzo 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The aim of this work is to show a preliminary investigation of possible noncontact techniques for displacement measurement of radioactive waste in a geological disposal. Since a nuclear waste repository can be considered as a harsh environment, the possibility to study alternative methods for measurement, for example, not using cables or buses for detecting relevant data, should be considered as a priority. A straightforward approach could be the substitution of cables with wireless sensors. But if cables cannot be used and the use of wireless techniques is required, new sensors must assure a reliable transmission without affecting the engineered barriers performance and the reliable use of energy supply for the measuring equipment over long periods. This work shows the results of a study of feasibility on using an electromagnetic (EM) approach for the contactless displacement measurement of a canister immersed and suspended in bentonite, a material with a high degree of water retention.
Food & mood: a review of supplementary prebiotic and probiotic interventions in the treatment of anxiety and depression in adults
Authors: Noonan Sanjay , Zaveri Meena , Macaninch Elaine , Martyn Kathy 
Published: July 2020

BackgroundA bidirectional relationship exists between the brain and the gastrointestinal tract. Foods containing bacteria that positively influence the gastrointestinal microbiome are termed, probiotics; compounds that promote the flourishing of these bacteria are termed, prebiotics. Whether microbiome influencing therapies could treat psychiatric conditions, including depression and anxiety, is an area of interest. Presently, no established consensus for such treatment exists.MethodsThis systematic review analyses databases and grey literature sites to investigate pre and/or probiotics as treatments for depression and/or anxiety disorders. Articles included are from within 15 years. Pre-determined inclusion exclusion criteria were applied, and articles were appraised for their quality using a modified-CASP checklist. This review focuses specifically on quantitative measures from patients with clinical diagnoses of depression and/or anxiety disorders.Results7 studies were identified. All demonstrated significant improvements in one or more of the outcomes measuring the of effect taking pre/probiotics compared with no treatment/placebo, or when compared to baseline measurements.DiscussionOur review suggests utilising pre/probiotic may be a potentially useful adjunctive treatment. Furthermore, patients with certain co-morbidities, such as IBS, might experience greater benefits from such treatments, given that pre/probiotic are useful treatments for other conditions that were not the primary focus of this discourse. Our results are limited by several factors: sample sizes (adequate, though not robust); short study durations, long-term effects and propensity for remission undetermined.ConclusionOur results affirm that pre/probiotic therapy warrants further investigation. Efforts should aim to elucidate whether the perceived efficacy of pre/probiotic therapy in depression and/or anxiety disorders can be replicated in larger test populations, and whether such effects are maintained through continued treatment, or post cessation. Interventions should also be investigated in isolation, not combination, to ascertain where the observed effects are attributable to. Efforts to produce mechanistic explanations for such effect should be a priority.
Use of simulation training to teach the ABCDE primary assessment: an observational study in a Dutch University Hospital with a 3–4 months follow-up
Authors: Drost-de Klerck Amanda M , Olgers Tycho J , van de Meeberg Evelien K , Schonrock-Adema Johanna , ter Maaten Jan C 
Published: July 2020

ObjectivesTo investigate short-term and long-term effectiveness of simulation training to acquire a structured Airway Breathing Circulation Disability Exposure (ABCDE) approach for medical emergencies; and to examine which skills were learnt and maintained best.DesignAn observational study with a 3–4 months follow-up.SettingSkills center of the University Medical Center Groningen.ParticipantsThirty voluntary participants (21 females and 9 males; 27±2.77 years) of a simulation-based course.InterventionA 2-day ABCDE-teaching course for residents and non-residents. The course encompasses 24 simulations in which participants perform primary assessments of acute ill patients. Video recordings were taken of each participant performing a primary assessment, before (T1), directly after (T2) and 3–4 months after the intervention (T3).Main outcome measuresPhysicians’ performance in the ABCDE primary assessment at T1, T2 and T3. Two observers scored the primary assessments, blinded to measurement moment, using an assessment form to evaluate the performance with regard to skills essential for a structured ABCDE approach. The Friedman and Wilcoxon signed-rank test were used to compare physicians’ performances on the subsequent measurement moments.ResultsThe mean ranks on the total primary assessment at T1, T2 and T3 were 1.14, 2.62 and 2.24, respectively, and were significantly different, (p<0.001).The mean ranks on the total primary assessment directly after the course (T2 vs T1 p<0.001) and 3–4 months after the course (T3 vs T1 p<0.001) were significantly better than before the course. Certain skills deteriorated during the follow-up. Strikingly, most skills that decrease over time are Crew Resources Management (CRM) skills.ConclusionA course using simulation training is an effective educational tool to teach physicians the ABCDE primary assessment. Certain CRM skills decrease over time, so we recommend organising refresher courses, simulation team training or another kind of simulation training with a focus on CRM skills.
Development of an occupational advice intervention for patients undergoing elective hip and knee replacement: a Delphi study
Authors: Baker Paul , Kottam Lucksy , Coole Carol , Drummond Avril , McDaid Catriona , Rangan Amar 
Published: July 2020

ObjectiveTo obtain consensus on the content and delivery of an occupational advice intervention for patients undergoing primary hip and knee replacement surgery. The primary targets for the intervention were (1) patients, carers and employers through the provision of individualised support and information about returning to work and (2) hospital orthopaedic teams through the development of a framework and materials to enable this support and information to be delivered.DesignModified Delphi study as part of a wider intervention development study (The Occupational advice for Patients undergoing Arthroplasty of the Lower limb (OPAL) study: Health Technology Assessment Reference 15/28/02) (ISRCTN27426982).SettingFive stakeholder groups (patients, employers, orthopaedic surgeons, general practitioners, allied health professionals and nurses) recruited from across the UK.ParticipantsSixty-six participants.MethodsStatements for the Delphi process were developed relating to the content, format, delivery, timing and measurement of an occupational advice intervention. The statements were based on evidence gathered through the OPAL study that was processed using an intervention mapping framework. Intervention content was examined in round 1 and intervention format, delivery, timing and measurement were examined in round 2. In round 3, the developed intervention was presented to the stakeholder groups for comment.ConsensusFor rounds 1 and 2, consensus was defined as 70% agreement or disagreement on a 4-point scale. Statements reaching consensus were ranked according to the distribution of responses to create a hierarchy of agreement. Round 3 comments were used to revise the final version of the developed occupational advice intervention.ResultsConsensus was reached for 36 of 64 round 1 content statements (all agreement). In round 2, 13 questions were carried forward and an additional 81 statements were presented. Of these, 49 reached consensus (44 agreement/5 disagreement). Eleven respondents provided an appraisal of the intervention in round 3.ConclusionsThe Delphi process informed the development of an occupational advice intervention as part of a wider intervention development study. Stakeholder agreement was achieved for a large number of intervention elements encompassing the content, format, delivery and timing of the intervention. The effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the developed intervention will require evaluation in a randomised controlled trial.Trial registration numberInternational Standard Randomised Controlled Trials Number Trial ID: ISRCTN27426982
End-of-life care preferences of older patients with multimorbidity: protocol of a mixed-methods systematic review
Authors: Gonzalez-Gonzalez Ana Isabel , Schmucker Christine , Nothacker Julia , Nguyen Truc Sophia , Brueckle Maria-Sophie , Blom Jeanet , van den Akker Marjan , Röttger Kristian , Wegwarth Odette , Hoffmann Tammy , Gerlach Ferdinand M , Straus Sharon E , Meerpohl Joerg J , Muth Christiane 
Published: July 2020

IntroductionEnd-of-life care is an essential task performed by most healthcare providers and often involves decision-making about how and where patients want to receive care. To provide decision support to healthcare professionals and patients in this difficult situation, we will systematically review a knowledge cluster of the end-of-life care preferences of older patients with multimorbidity that we previously identified using an evidence map.Methods and analysisWe will systematically search for studies reporting end-of-life care preferences of older patients (mean age ≥60) with multimorbidity (≥2 chronic conditions) in MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Social Sciences Citation Index, Social Sciences Citation Index Expanded, PSYNDEX and The Cochrane Library from inception to September 2019. We will include all primary studies that use quantitative, qualitative and mixed methodologies, irrespective of publication date and language.Two independent reviewers will assess eligibility, extract data and describe evidence in terms of study/population characteristics, preference assessment method and end-of-life care elements that matter to patients (eg, life-sustaining treatments). Risk of bias/applicability of results will be independently assessed by two reviewers using the Mixed-Methods Appraisal Tool. Using a convergent integrated approach on qualitative/quantitative studies, we will synthesise information narratively and, wherever possible, quantitatively.Ethics and disseminationDue to the nature of the proposed systematic review, ethics approval is not required. Results from our research will be disseminated at relevant (inter-)national conferences and via publication in peer-reviewed journals. Synthesising evidence on end-of-life care preferences of older patients with multimorbidity will improve shared decision-making and satisfaction in this final period of life.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020151862.
ARIPOR2in-frame deletion is a frequent and highly penetrant cause of adult-onset hearing loss
Authors: de Bruijn Suzanne E , Smits Jeroen J , Liu Chang , Lanting Cornelis P , Beynon Andy J , Blankevoort Joëlle , Oostrik Jaap , Koole Wouter , de Vrieze Erik , Cremers Cor W R J , Cremers Frans P M , Roosing Susanne , Yntema Helger G , Kunst Henricus P M , Zhao Bo , Pennings Ronald J E , Kremer Hannie 
Published: July 2020

BackgroundHearing loss is one of the most prevalent disabilities worldwide, and has a significant impact on quality of life. The adult-onset type of the condition is highly heritable but the genetic causes are largely unknown, which is in contrast to childhood-onset hearing loss.MethodsFamily and cohort studies included exome sequencing and characterisation of the hearing phenotype. Ex vivo protein expression addressed the functional effect of a DNA variant.ResultsAn in-frame deletion of 12 nucleotides inRIPOR2was identified as a highly penetrant cause of adult-onset progressive hearing loss that segregated as an autosomal dominant trait in 12 families from the Netherlands. Hearing loss associated with the deletion in 63 subjects displayed variable audiometric characteristics and an average (SD) age of onset of 30.6 (14.9) years (range 0–70 years). A functional effect of theRIPOR2variant was demonstrated by aberrant localisation of the mutant RIPOR2 in the stereocilia of cochlear hair cells and failure to rescue morphological defects in RIPOR2-deficient hair cells, in contrast to the wild-type protein. Strikingly, theRIPOR2variant is present in 18 of 22 952 individuals not selected for hearing loss in the Southeast Netherlands.ConclusionCollectively, the presented data demonstrate that an inherited form of adult-onset hearing loss is relatively common, with potentially thousands of individuals at risk in the Netherlands and beyond, which makes it an attractive target for developing a (genetic) therapy.
Strategies for the assessment of competences during rheumatology training across Europe: results of a qualitative study
Authors: Najm Aurélie , Alunno Alessia , Sivera Francisca , Ramiro Sofia , Haines Catherine 
Published: July 2020

ObjectivesTo gain insight into current methods and practices for the assessment of competences during rheumatology training, and to explore the underlying priorities and rationales for competence assessment.MethodsWe used a qualitative approach through online focus groups (FGs) of rheumatology trainers and trainees, separately. The study included five countries—Denmark, the Netherlands, Slovenia, Spain and the United Kingdom. A summary of current practices of assessment of competences was developed, modified and validated by the FGs based on an independent response to a questionnaire. A prioritising method (9 Diamond technique) was then used to identify and justify key assessment priorities.ResultsOverall, 26 participants (12 trainers, 14 trainees) participated in nine online FGs (2 per country, Slovenia 1 joint), totalling 12 hours of online discussion. Strong nationally (the Netherlands, UK) or institutionally (Spain, Slovenia, Denmark) standardised approaches were described. Most groups identified providing frequent formative feedback to trainees for developmental purposes as the highest priority. Most discussions identified a need for improvement, particularly in developing streamlined approaches to portfolios that remain close to clinical practice, protecting time for quality observation and feedback, and adopting systematic approaches to incorporating teamwork and professionalism into assessment systems.ConclusionThis paper presents a clearer picture of the current practice on the assessment of competences in rheumatology in five European countries and the underlying rationale of trainers’ and trainees’ priorities. This work will inform EULAR Points-to-Consider for the assessment of competences in rheumatology training across Europe.
On difference sequence spaces of fractional-order involving Padovan numbers
Authors: Yaying Taja , Hazarika Bipan , Mohiuddine Syed Abdul 
Published: July 2020

In this paper, we introduce Padovan difference sequence spaces of fractional-order [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text] by the composition of the fractional-order difference operator [Formula: see text] and the Padovan matrix [Formula: see text] defined by [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]respectively, where the sequence [Formula: see text] is the Padovan sequence. We give some topological properties, Schauder basis and [Formula: see text]-, [Formula: see text]- and [Formula: see text]-duals of the newly defined spaces. We characterize certain matrix classes related to the [Formula: see text] space. Finally, we characterize certain classes of compact operators on [Formula: see text] using Hausdorff measure of noncompactness.
SIAT
Authors: Yengui Ameni , Neji Mahmoud 
Published: July 2020

The introduction of digital technologies into documentation methods for cultural heritage and archeology made it possible to develop new tools for the acquisition and management of information collected for multidisciplinary studies. These tools are beginning to assert themselves as supports privileged for the description, analysis and comprehension of the objects of study. SIAT is a first step toward the creation of a set of methods, modern tools of analysis, and research in history and archeology. The objective of this approach is to define a continuum of information between all phases of the process from image acquisition, video, and spatial data to the construction of semantically enriched representations by integrating multi-dimensional aspects, multi-scales, multi-layer, and multi-temporal. This research tries to provide a definition and development of a set of data processing modules that can be used by specialists in the conservation of cultural heritage.
SODECL
Authors: Avramidis Eleftherios , Lalik Marta , Akman Ozgur E. 
Published: July 2020

Stochastic differential equations (SDEs) are widely used to model systems affected by random processes. In general, the analysis of an SDE model requires numerical solutions to be generated many times over multiple parameter combinations. However, this process often requires considerable computational resources to be practicable. Due to the embarrassingly parallel nature of the task, devices such as multi-core processors and graphics processing units (GPUs) can be employed for acceleration.Here, we present SODECL (https://github.com/avramidis/sodecl), a software library that utilizes such devices to calculate multiple orbits of an SDE model. To evaluate the acceleration provided by SODECL, we compared the time required to calculate multiple orbits of an exemplar stochastic model when one CPU core is used, to the time required when using all CPU cores or a GPU. In addition, to assess scalability, we investigated how model size affected execution time on different parallel compute devices.Our results show that when using all 32 CPU cores of a high-end high-performance computing node, the task is accelerated by a factor of up to ≈6.7, compared to when using a single CPU core. Executing the task on a high-end GPU yielded accelerations of up to ≈4.5, compared to a single CPU core.