bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self-powered, flexible, and ultrabroadband ultraviolet-terahertz photodetector based on a laser-reduced graphene oxide/CsPbBr3 composite
Authors: Li Yifan , Zhang Yating , Chen Zhiliang , Li Qingyan , Li Tengteng , Li Mengyao , Zhao Hongliang , Sheng Quan , Shi Wei , Yao Jianquan 
Published: June 2020

Self-powered and flexible ultrabroadband photodetectors (PDs) are desirable in a wide range of applications. The current PDs based on the photothermoelectric (PTE) effect have realized broadband photodetection. However, most of them express low photoresponse and lack of flexibility. In this work, high-performance, self-powered, and flexible PTE PDs based on laser-scribed reduced graphene oxide

(
LSG
)
/

CsPbBr
3

are developed. The comparison experiment with LSG PD and fundamental electric properties show that the

LSG
/

CsPbBr
3

device exhibits enhanced ultrabroadband photodetection performance covering ultraviolet to terahertz range with high photoresponsivity of 100 mA/W for 405 nm and 10 mA/W for 118 μm at zero bias voltage, respectively. A response time of 18 ms and flexible experiment are also acquired at room temperature. Moreover, the PTE effect is fully discussed in the

LSG
/

CsPbBr
3

device. This work demonstrates that

LSG
/

CsPbBr
3

is a promising candidate for the construction of high-performance, flexible, and self-powered ultrabroadband PDs at room temperature.
Analisis Kebutuhan Pendidikan Pencegahan Perilaku Berisiko pada Remaja di Kabupaten Magelang
Authors: Silmi Fina Idamatus 
Published: June 2020

Background: Adolescents are vulnerable to risky behaviors such as smoking, alcohol consumption, and risky sexual behavior. The involvement of one risky behavior can lead to other risky behaviors. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent risky behavior to ensure adolescents' health. This study aimed to prevent risky behaviors according to adolescents' needs.Method: This was an observational research with the cross-sectional method. Data were obtained using a questionnaire through interviews with respondents. The research subjects were adolescents aged 15-24 years. Samples were randomly selected, as much as 100 adolescents. Results: There were 2 categories of adolescents, they were "delinquent adolescents" and "ordinary adolescents". The needs of SRH education of two groups were more in contents of SRH, methods, media, time, providers, and venue of SRH information delivery. The majority of respondents mostly preferred to select the subject related to he impact of risky behaviour. Discussion method and mixed media, they like to choose for delivering information at night time. Most of them prefer health workers to be as health educator beside their peers. There was no significant difference in the SRH need between two groups. However, the implementation of risky behavior prevention should be differentiated.
Warfarin induced Ovarian Haematoma Mimicking Torsion Ovarian Tumour
Authors: Dasari Paapa 
Published: June 2020

Warfarin toxicity presenting as acute abdomen in a woman with chronic anticoagulation is rare. A 29 year old woman with Rheumatic heart disease with history of mitral Valve replacement who was on anticoagulation with warfarin presented with pain abdomen of 2 weeks duration and she was clinically diagnosed as torsion ovarian cyst. On USG abdomen there was a complex adnexal mass of 6x8 cms with Doppler flow. Her International Normalised Ratio was more than 10 and hence a diagnosis of Ovarian haematoma was entertained and she was managed medically with dose titration of anticoagulants and her pain abdomen subsided and she was discharged home after normalising her International normalised ratio and laparotomy was thus avoided.
Narrative Form and Literary Adaptation in the Medieval North
Authors: Matthews Alastair 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAround 1300, ›Hertig Fredrik av Normandie‹, one of the foundational works of medieval Swedish literature, was translated from a German source of which no trace has survived. This article exposes the anachronistic expectations about narrative coherence that underpin existing attempts to reconstruct that source and how it was adapted. By focusing on the end of the bridal-quest action, the article advocates a revision of value judgements about the (in)competence of the Swedish translator. In doing so, it shows how narrative poetics can open up new approaches to medieval literary relations between Germany and Scandinavia, as well as to the literary historiography of lost texts more generally.
Zinc-dependent changes in oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress during cardiomyocyte hypoxia/reoxygenation
Authors: Bodiga Vijaya Lakshmi , Vemuri Praveen Kumar , Nimmagadda Greeshma , Bodiga Sreedhar 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMyocardial zinc dyshomeostasis is associated with caspase-3 activation, ErbB2 degradation and apoptosis during hypoxia/reoxygenation. Zinc pyrithione replenishes intracellular zinc, suppresses caspase-3, augments ErbB2 levels and improves cell survival. We hypothesize that zinc is capable of modulating redox and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in the setting of cardiomyocyte hypoxia-reoxygenation. Hypoxia/reoxygenation lowered intracellular zinc, increased ER as well as oxidative stress in H9c2 cells, both of which were effectively attenuated by zinc supplementation. Silencing of gp91phox attenuated oxidative and ER stress, decreased caspase-3 activation and improved cell survival. Mimicking the oxidative insult using 50 μM H2O2 increased the caspase-3 activity that correlated with decreased ErbB2 levels, concomitant with augmented ER stress. N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) administration completely suppressed ER stress as well as caspase-3 activity. Zinc depletion using TPEN also resulted in lowered ErbB2 and increased apoptosis, along with NOX2 mRNA upregulation, increased oxidative and ER stress. Repletion with zinc suppressed NOX2 mRNA, lowered oxidative as well as ER stress and decreased cell death. These results suggest that zinc dyshomeostasis, along with oxidative stress contribute to the unfolded protein response during myocardial H/R and that zinc replenishment corrects zinc homeostasis, alleviates associated stress and improves cardiomyocyte survival.
Precision point positioning with additional baseline vector constraint
Authors: Chen Wantong , Shang Zhenghui 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Traditional precise point positioning (PPP) based on undifferenced ionosphere-free linear combination of observations has many advantages such as high accuracy and easy operation. PPP usually uses the Kalman Filter (KF) to estimate state vector. However, the positioning performance depends on the accuracy of the kinematic model and initial value. The inaccurate kinematic model or initial value will lead to filter performance degradation or even divergence. To overcome this problem, this paper proposes a PPP method with an additional baseline vector constraint, which uses the direction information and length information of the baseline to correct the estimated position of the receiver. By reducing the error covariance matrix of the float solution, the algorithm improves the accuracy of the float solution. By using the collected real GPS static and kinematic data, the performance of the traditional model and the proposed model in this paper are compared. It is shown that the additional baseline vector constraint improves the PPP solution effectively in comparison with that of traditional PPP model. Additionally, the contribution of the additional constraint is up to the accuracy of the prior information.
What do we Know About Lobbying in Germany?
Authors: Polk Andreas 
Published: June 2020

AbstractContribution payments and information are two important channels of lobbying influence. This survey analyzes what is known about these channels in Germany from a political economy perspective. Based on a discussion of the empirical literature and the available data, I argue that the state of empirical knowledge about lobbying in Germany is rather limited. To improve our understanding of the lobbying process, I identify research gaps and discuss potential methodological approaches which can be suitable to address these questions. Also, I discuss the role of party donations and temporary employment of bureaucratic staff, based on two novel data sets. The analysis indicates that party donations might play a role as a means to achieve access; in contrast, the temporary exchange of employees in the public administration seems to be of rather less importance in informational lobbying.
Coupled Effect of Soil’s Acidity and Saturation on Pitting Corrosion of Buried Cast Iron
Authors: Wasim Muhammad , Robert Dilan , Li Chun-Qing , Mahmoodian Mojtaba 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This paper presents the results produced from long-term tests designed to investigate the key factors affecting the external corrosion of cast iron pipes buried in clayey soil. The coupled effect of varying acidity (pH) and saturation (moisture content) of soil on the corrosion of cast iron buried in soil, including pitting corrosion, is thoroughly examined. Based on the observations and analysis of the test results, it is found that the coupled effect of high acidity (2.5 pH) and high saturation (80 %) of soil could create an accelerating environment for corrosion in the short term. In addition, the coupled effect of low acidity (5 pH) and high saturation (80 %) of soil could lead to a high corrosion rate for cast iron buried in the soil in the longer term. An empirical model for predicting pitting corrosion was also developed. The findings of this paper can have widespread applications, including corrosion protection and the development of models for the prediction of the remaining safe life of pipelines buried in corrosive soils.
Quantifying Influences on Intragenomic Mutation Rate
Authors: Simon Helmut , Huttley Gavin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
We report work to quantify the impact on the probability of human genome polymorphism both of recombination and of sequence context at different scales. We use population-based analyses of data on human genetic variants obtained from the public Ensembl database. For recombination, we calculate the variance due to recombination and the probability that a recombination event causes a mutation. We employ novel statistical procedures to take account of the spatial auto-correlation of recombination and mutation rates along the genome. Our results support the view that genomic diversity in recombination hotspots arises largely from a direct effect of recombination on mutation rather than predominantly from the effect of selective sweeps. We also use the statistic of variance due to context to compare the effect on the probability of polymorphism of contexts of various sizes. We find that when the 12 point mutations are considered separately, variance due to context increases significantly as we move from 3-mer to 5-mer and from 5-mer to 7-mer contexts. However, when all mutations are considered in aggregate, these differences are outweighed by the effect of interaction between the central base and its immediate neighbors. This interaction is itself dominated by the transition mutations, including, but not limited to, the CpG effect. We also demonstrate strand-asymmetry of contextual influence in intronic regions, which is hypothesized to be a result of transcription coupled DNA repair. We consider the extent to which the measures we have used can be used to meaningfully compare the relative magnitudes of the impact of recombination and context on mutation.
Genomic Prediction Enhanced Sparse Testing for Multi-environment Trials
Authors: Jarquin Diego , Howard Reka , Crossa Jose , Beyene Yoseph , Gowda Manje , Martini Johannes W R , Covarrubias Pazaran Giovanny , Burgueño Juan , Pacheco Angela , Grondona Martin , Wimmer Valentin , Prasanna Boddupalli M 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
“Sparse testing” refers to reduced multi-environment breeding trials in which not all genotypes of interest are grown in each environment. Using genomic-enabled prediction and a model embracing genotype × environment interaction (GE), the non-observed genotype-in-environment combinations can be predicted. Consequently, the overall costs can be reduced and the testing capacities can be increased. The accuracy of predicting the unobserved data depends on different factors including (1) how many genotypes overlap between environments, (2) in how many environments each genotype is grown, and (3) which prediction method is used. In this research, we studied the predictive ability obtained when using a fixed number of plots and different sparse testing designs. The considered designs included the extreme cases of (1) no overlap of genotypes between environments, and (2) complete overlap of the genotypes between environments. In the latter case, the prediction set fully consists of genotypes that have not been tested at all. Moreover, we gradually go from one extreme to the other considering (3) intermediates between the two previous cases with varying numbers of different or non-overlapping (NO)/overlapping (O) genotypes. The empirical study is built upon two different maize hybrid data sets consisting of different genotypes crossed to two different testers (T1 and T2) and each data set was analyzed separately. For each set, phenotypic records on yield from three different environments are available. Three different prediction models were implemented, two main effects models (M1 and M2), and a model (M3) including GE. The results showed that the genome-based model including GE (M3) captured more phenotypic variation than the models that did not include this component. Also, M3 provided higher prediction accuracy than models M1 and M2 for the different allocation scenarios. Reducing the size of the calibration sets decreased the prediction accuracy under all allocation designs with M3 being the less affected model; however, using the genome-enabled models (i.e., M2 and M3) the predictive ability is recovered when more genotypes are tested across environments. Our results indicate that a substantial part of the testing resources can be saved when using genome-based models including GE for optimizing sparse testing designs.
Portal Hypertension and Chronic Kidney Disease Significantly Increase the Risk of Early Unplanned Readmissions in GAVE- Related Admissions
Authors: Pioppo Lauren , Bhurwal Abhishek , Raj Mutneja Hemant , Rattan Puru , Reja Debashis , Tawadros Augustine , Patel Anish , Rustgi Vinod 
Published: June 2020

Background & Aims: Gastric antral vascular ectasia (GAVE) is an uncommon cause of non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding that is characterized by dilation of blood vessels in the antrum of the stomach. Various co-morbidities are associated with the development of GAVE, but the impact of co-morbidities on unplanned GAVE readmissions is unclear. The aim of this study was to assess the national incidence, 30-day mortality rate, and 30-day readmissions related to GAVE. Secondary outcomes were evaluation of predictors of early readmission, hospital length of stay (LOS) and total hospitalization charges.
Methods: Using the 2016 National Readmission Database, we analyzed discharges for GAVE. ICD-10 CM codes were utilized to identify associated comorbidities and inpatient procedures during the index admission. 30-day readmissions were identified for GAVE. Secondary measures of outcomes including LOS and hospitalization charges were also calculated. Risk factors for early readmission were also evaluated using multivariate analysis to adjust for confounders.
Results: A total of 18,375 index admissions for GAVE were identified. 20.49% (n=3,720) of the discharged patients were readmitted within 30 days. 30-day mortality of GAVE-related admissions was 1.82% (n=335). Early readmissions accounted for 20,157 hospital days along with $189 million in hospitalization costs. Multivariate analysis revealed that the presence of portal hypertension (OR 1.63; 95% CI 1.37-1.93; p=0.0001) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) (OR 1.62, 95% CI 1.44-1.82; p<0.0001) significantly increased the odds of early readmission.
Conclusions: Our analysis demonstrates that the overall 30-day mortality rate of GAVE-related admissions is relatively low, but the 30-day readmission rate is significantly high. Patients with comorbid CKD and portal hypertension have a significantly higher risk of readmission. Further studies are required to determine if therapeutic interventions such as argon plasma coagulation or radiofrequency ablation during the index admission may prevent readmissions in these specific subgroups.
Pharmacologic Treatments for Irritable Bowel Syndrome: an Umbrella Systematic Review
Authors: Chen Min , Tang Tai-Chun , Qin Di , Yue Ling , Zheng Hui 
Published: June 2020

Background and Aims: Multiple pharmacologic treatments are available for the management of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and a large body of evidence has been presented. However, the strength and credibility of the evidence have not been comprehensively evaluated. We aimed to review the systematic reviews and meta- analyses of pharmacologic treatments for IBS and evaluate the credibility of the findings.
Methods: We searched MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane library from inception to September 2019 for systematic reviews evaluating the effectiveness of pharmacologic treatments for IBS. We summarized relative ratios (RR), evaluated the credibility of the evidence and classified the evidence into convincing, highly suggestive, suggestive, and weak.
Results: We included 11 systematic reviews with 40 meta-analyses (330 randomized controlled trials and 86,459 participants) assessing 10 treatment categories and 2 drugs. Most of the pharmacologic treatments were significantly superior over placebo as reported by the included meta-analyses. The evidence for 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)3 antagonists (RR=1.56, 95%CI: 1.43-1.71), antispasmodics (RR=1.19, 95%CI: 1.02-1.39), and alosetron (RR=1.46, 95%CI: 1.26-1.71) were highly suggestive for relieving global IBS symptoms. 5-HT4 agonists (RR= 1.26, 95%CI: 1.19-1.34) and guanylate cyclase-C (GCC) agonists (RR=1.73, 95%CI: 1.54-1.95) were found to give convincing evidence for the improvement of the responder rate. 5-HT3 antagonists (RR=1.32, 95%CI: 1.26-1.38) offered convincing evidence for relieving abdominal pain.
Conclusions: Evidence for 5-HT3 antagonists, 5-HT4 agonists and GCC agonists, antispasmodics, and alosetron were suggestive for the treatment of IBS. However, owing to the risk of bias in randomization methods, the results for GCC should be interpreted with caution.
A retrospective study of urological injuries during obstetrics and gynecological procedures
Authors: Samal Sunil Kumar , Rathod Setu , Thangavel Kalaivani 
Published: June 2020

Background: Urological injury in obstetrics and gynaecology are not uncommon because there is a close anatomical association between reproductive and urological system. The objective of this study was to find out the incidence and types of urological injuries in obstetric and gynaecological procedures, clinical presentation and various management option in a tertiary care hospital.Methods: The study was a retrospective analysis of all obstetric and gynecological surgeries over a period of 6 years from January 2014 to December 2019. Cases with the documented urological injuries during these procedures were analyzed further.Results: Total 8595 patients had undergone different obstetrics and gynecology procedures, out of which 5429 were obstetrics and 3166 were gynecology surgeries. Out of 3166 of gynecology procedures, there were 16 cases (0.5%) of bladder injuries and one case (0.03%) of ureteric injury. Out of 5429 cases of obstetric procedures there were 11 (0.2%) cases of bladder injury and one case (0.01%) of ureteric injury.Conclusions: The incidence urological injuries during obstetrics and gynecological procedures are rare but the morbidity associated these are significant. Therefor surgeons should be more cautious and high degree of suspicion can help in early diagnosis and avoid the sequel.
Clinical study of patients with trauma to the chest in a tertiary care centre
Authors: Potey Vijay D. , Kale Karan D. , Kanake Vijay B. 
Published: June 2020

Background: Chest trauma is one of the serious injuries and also one of the leading causes of death from physical trauma. Current study is designed to study clinical profile, pattern of injuries, complications and treatment modality required in chest trauma management.Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in Shri Vasantrao Naik Government Medical College, a tertiary care hospital in Yavatmal, Maharashtra, India in 246 patients primarily admitted for chest trauma from 1st March 2018 to 31st August 2019. All cases were managed in emergency department with history noted, clinical examination performed and initial management done as per ATLS guidelines. Definitive management done according to clinical and radiological investigations. Final outcome (death/discharge) was noted with discharged patients were followed until normal activity regained.Results: Male of 3rd-4th decade constituted most vulnerable group, with mean age of 38.56 years and male:female ratio of 5.31:1. Road traffic accident (RTA) was the commonest cause (71.14%), followed by assault (11.79%) and accidental fall (11.38%). Blunt force was the most common mechanism (93.09%). Rib fracture was present in 26.83%, lung contusion in 8.13% patients, followed by haemothorax (7.32%), hemopneumothorax (5.70%) and pneumothorax (3.25%). Conservative management suffices in most cases (86.59%), tube thoracostomy in 12.19%, thoracotomy in 1.22% cases. Patients with VAS score of 6 and above required intercostal nerve block (5.31%) or epidural analgesia (2.45%) for satisfactory pain relief. Pneumonia and atelectasis were common complications 2.03% each. Mortality rate was 1.22%. Average length of hospital stay was 4.6 days.Conclusions: Chest trauma commonly affects young males with RTA causing significant morbidity and mortality. Majority of patients can be treated conservatively.
Classification of Civil Law Contracts Between a Limited Liability Company and Members of the Management Board
Authors: Kubasik Krzysztof 
Published: June 2020

Kwalifikacja cywilnoprawnych umów pomiędzy spółką z ograniczoną odpowiedzialnością a członkami zarządu
W niniejszym artykule podjęta została próba zakwalifikowania stosunku prawnego łączącego członka zarządu ze spółką z ograniczoną odpowiedzialnością w świetle regulacji prawa handlowego oraz prawa umów oraz poszukiwanie dla niej najlepszego ustawowego uregulowania. Zdaniem autora regulacja art. 750 Kodeksu cywilnego ze względu na swój szeroki i elastyczny zakres, może stanowić właściwy normatywny wzorzec regulacji, odpowiadający charakterystyce więzi łączącej członka zarządu ze spółką z ograniczoną odpowiedzialnością.