bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparing the reduction of poverty rate between China and Gabon through One Belt and Road Project
Authors: Nguembi Ines Pamela , Zhang Yanrong , Abdalla Haider Salaheldeen 
Published: November 2020

The value of economic development and reduction of poverty has been at the forefront of research in many countries. However, little is thought about both China-Gabon. Data were collected employing a survey questionnaire approach to a sample of 210 financial sectors in China and Gabon. The results regarding Gabon show that governance reform can bring significant macro-financial benefits. Additionally, the results proposed that financial development significantly influence poverty reduction. Similarly, the results regarding china show development of the monetary sector significantly and positively impact poverty reduction during which, has been implemented for many years long term. This paper seeks to analyze causality between Gabon. There's an urgent need to enhance administration curb corruption order to increase domestic income, strengthen public management quality expenditure, business environment, promote investment both private sectors
Sustainability of transport system: Case study of Greater Mumbai
Authors: Juyal Shikha , Yedla Sudhakar 
Published: November 2020

Sustainable transport is about taking holistic approach by considering economic, society and environment along with the mobility and accessibility requirement of people. In case of Greater Mumbai, there is presence of inequity in provision of transport infrastructure and service. The first part of paper arrives at sustainability indicator by means of compounded economic, social & demographic, land use and transport access indicators. The second part of paper measures the extent of sustainability in various wards of Greater Mumbai. It was important to study the extent of sustainability by measuring the gap between sustainability & HDI indicator and sustainability & transport access indicator. In terms of transport access, the gap between transport access indicator and sustainability indicator is present in most of the wards of Greater Mumbai. The overall result proves that there is urgent need to address the provision of transport access in most of the wards of Greater Mumbai. Purpose: The main purpose of this paper is to arrive at sustainability indicator and to measures the extent of sustainability in various wards of Greater Mumbai in transport. Methodology: The paper arrives at sustainability indicator by developing compounded economic, social and demographic, land use and transport access indicators. In order to calculate economic, social & demographic, land-use and transport access indicator considered normalized value of each indicators derived from maximum point normalization across all wards. Finally equal weighted average of all indicators was taken to calculate the overall sustainability indicator. To measure the extent of sustainability in various wards of Greater Mumbai was done by comparing aggregate sustainable indicator with HDI indicator and transport access indicator. Result: The overall result proves that there is urgent need to address the provision of transport access in most of the wards of Greater Mumbai. The theoretical contribution: This paper arrives at sustainability indicator by compiling economic, social and demographic, land use and transport access indicators. Practical implications: This paper calculates ward level sustainability in Greater Mumbai and identifies the need to make provision of different transport infrastructure.
Long-term efficacy and safety of netakimab in the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis: results of Phase III international, multicenter, randomized double-blind clinical trial BCD-085-5/ASTERA
Authors: Mazurov V. I. , Erdes Sh. F. , Gaydukova I. Z. , Dubinina T. V. , Pristrom A. M. , Kunder E. V. , Soroka N. F. , Kastanayan A. A. , Povarova T. V. , Zhugrova E. S. , Plaksina T. V. , Shesternya P. A. , Kropotina T. V. , Antipova O. V. , Smolyarchuk E. A. , Tsyupa O. A. , Abdulganieva D. I. , Lapshina S. A. , Krechikova D. G. , Gordeev I. G. , Nesmeyanova O. B. , Ilivanova E. P. , Strelkova A. V. , Eremeeva A. V. , Zinkina-Orikhan A. V. 
Published: November 2020

Netakimab (NTK) is a humanized anti-interleukin-17A monoclonal antibody. To date, the drug has been approved to treat ankylosing spondylitis (AS), psoriatic arthritis, and plaque psoriasis. The paper gives the data obtained during 52-week follow-up of AS patients in the phase III ASTERA study.Objective: to study the efficacy and safety of NTK when used long in patients with active AS.Patients and methods. The investigation enrolled 228 patients with active AS, in whom nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or biological agents were ineffective. The patients were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive NTK 120 mg or placebo. The drug was administered subcutaneously at weeks 0, 1, 2, and then once every 2 weeks. Patients who received placebo and achieved a 20% improvement according to the ASAS criteria (ASAS20) were excluded from the study at week 16. At this week, patients who took placebo and did not achieve an ASAS20 response were switched to subcutaneous NTK at 120 mg dose once every two weeks. The follow-up period was 52 weeks.Results and discussion. Patients with active AS who received NTK were more likely to respond to treatment than those who took placebo. The proportion of people who achieved 40% improvement (ASAS40) during treatment with NTK increased throughout the follow-up period and amounted to 80.7% at week 52. Positive changes were achieved in all used clinical and laboratory parameters of AS activity. There was also a decrease in inflammatory changes, as shown by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The adverse events (AEs) were mainly laboratory abnormalities and upper respiratory tract infections. Treatment-related AEs were recorded in no more than one third of patients and they were mild to moderate. Severe AEs were singular.Conclusion. Response to NTK therapy generates in the first weeks of drug use and increases throughout a year. The safety profile of NTK when used long is generally favorable.
NEW POTATO BREEDING CLONES FOR REGIONAL TESTING IN WESTERN TURKEY
Authors: OZTURK Gulsum , YILDIRIM Zihin 
Published: November 2020

Crosses were made between 4 potato genotypes and the registered variety Nif in 2015. The F1 seeds obtained from these crosses were grown in pots in the greenhouse to obtain potato clones. The clones selected were grown in seedbeds in 2016 and clones with high yield and tuber number were selected. Selected clones were grown in the field and selection was applied for high yield and yield components. The results obtained could be summarized as followings:
There were significant variation among the clones and some of them had higher yield than that of the control genotypes. The following 20 clones were selected for the regional yield trials: 3, 21, 184, 185, 194, 195, 196, 202, 204 (Agria x Nif); 89, 90 (6/7 Clone x Nif); 205 (Juwel x Nif) and 153, 159, 160, 163, 164, 174, 176, 177 (Bettina x Nif).
A interdisciplinaridade na produção e divulgação do conhecimento em tempos de pandemia
Authors: Rangel Teixeira Enéas , Martins Rembold Simone 
Published: November 2020

RESUMOEsse trabalho tem como objetivo realizar uma breve reflexão sobre a produção e divulgação de conhecimento na enfermagem e na saúde. Assim destaca-se o papel da EEAAC na produção do conhecimento inerente a enfermagem e a suas interfaces no contexto da pandemia. Preconiza-se uma produção de conhecimento integrado ao contexto social diante dos avanços da ciência. O OBJN tem uma função primordial na difusão de conhecimentos científicos de enfermagem e áreas afins. A atual gestão almeja avançar para que a revista tenha impacto significativo e acesso aberto.
Prevalence and treatment patterns of dysmenorrhea among female medical students: a questionnaire based study at KIMS, Koppal
Authors: M. Manjunath S. , S. Lakshmipathi B. , S. Ravi Kumar , Srinivasa V. 
Published: November 2020

Background: Dysmenorrhea is a common gynaecological condition which causes physical pain, affects mental well-being and quality of life. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence, severity and the treatment patterns of primary dysmenorrhea among female medical students.Methods: The present study was a prospective, questionnaire based study conducted during March-April 2020 at KIMS, Koppal. The willing participants were given a time period of 30 minutes to fill the questionnaire.Results: Among the total of 211 female medical students, 180 students were suffering from dysmenorrhea. Almost 78.3% of those suffering from dysmenorrhea belonged to the age group of 19-21 years. Most of the students suffering from dysmenorrhea achieved menarche at the age of 13-14 years. A majority (48.8%) of the dysmenorrhic females had dysmenorrhea of mild degree. 73.8% of dysmenorrhic females did not seek any medical advice for the management of the symptoms of dysmenorrhea. 76 (42.2%) of the dysmenorrhic participant females missed their classes due to the symptoms of dysmenorrhea. The most favoured drug for the management of the symptoms of dysmenorrhea was the combination of mefenamic acid and dicyclomine (56.8%). 56.6% of the subjects utilized pharmacological measures, while the rest 43.3% utilized non-pharmacological measures for the relief from the symptoms of dysmenorrhea.Conclusions: The present study recognized that dysmenorrhea is a common menstrual disorder among young females. There should be an effort at mass education of the young females regarding the management of dysmenorrhea.
Role of adjunctive vitamin C supplement therapy in combating COVID-19
Authors: Venkata Gnaneswari Regati 
Published: November 2020

Since the COVID-19 pandemic began in December 2019, the disease has continued to spread, highlighting the urgent need for immunization and a cure. People are seeking ways in which to potentially protect themselves from the virus or to alleviate its effects once caught. This article reviews what vitamin C is, how it affects immunity, how it’s being tried for COVID-19 patients in a hospital setting. Vitamin C affects immune health in several ways through its antioxidant ability, collagen synthesis or directly strengthening cells in the fight against infection.
Association of peak expiratory flow rate with obese and overweight individuals
Authors: Dar Mohd Abass , Jain Nidhi , Bhat Showkat Ahmad , Garg Neeru 
Published: November 2020

Background: The increasing number of overweight and obese individuals is a serious health problem worldwide. Growing evidence had clearly and consistently evidenced that obesity is an essential and direct predictor of respiratory function. Aim and objectives were to observe body mass index (BMI) based variations in respiratory parameter in overweight and obese individuals. Methods: The study was carried out on 320 (18-28 years) subjects in district Dehradun of Uttarakhand, India. Different anthropometric parameters and respiratory parameter was measured by proper procedures. Results: The anthropometric parameters weight and height were found statistically significant (p<0.05) among all subjects. BMI based and gender-based comparison of respiratory parameter were found statistically significant (p<0.05). The correlation of BMI with peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) was found statistically very highly significant. The correlation coefficient (r) between BMI with PEFR was found= -0.6, denotes partial negative correlation.Conclusions: Our study concluded that with increased BMI the PEFR decreases, which signifies that there is broncho construction due to various mechanisms like direct action of adipose tissue on the air ways via a decrease in luminal diameter of the air way and an increase in the probability of airway collapse.
Cataract surgery barriers, cataract surgical coverage and outcome among rural population of Dhule district in Maharashtra
Authors: Patil Sarika P. , Tambe Muralidhar P. , Khan Mukram G. G. , Patil Prashant J. , Bawa Mukesh S. , Pagar Vikrant S. 
Published: November 2020

Background: In India the coverage and outcome of cataract management are through camps and hospital undertaking rural cataract surgical services. There are varied outcomes of cataract surgery in population based studies within our country while cataract surgical outcomes have inbuilt dependency on various factors. National program for control of blindness and visual impairment aims in improvement of vision of the cataract patients. Thus evaluating cataract outcome would help top strengthen the national program.Methods: The study was part of population based blindness survey carried out among 40 years and above rural population in Dhule district of Maharashtra during 2019. In the survey 2370 villagers, 40 years and above were surveyed for blindness prevalence by 30 Cluster sampling technique having 79 peoples from each cluster. Collection of baseline data with information of eye care services and ophthalmic examination was done.Results: Prevalence of cataract in 40 year and above population in study was 20.78%. In present study predominant barrier in cataract operation in 71.1% participants for not having consultation was belief it to be destiny or God’s will. 20.3% cataract patients with visual impairment had visual acuity of 6/60 and 18.4% had less than 3/60 visual acuity. Maximum participants had cataract operated in government hospital 61.7%. In the study cataract surgical coverage was 72.7% by eyes and 81.7% by person for visual acuity <3/60.Conclusions: Efforts to increase cataract surgical coverage would help to reduce the prevalence of visual impairment due to cataract.
THE EFFECT OF HEADS’ LEADERSHIP AND NURSES’ JOB MOTIVATION ON NURSING PERFORMANCE IN THE HOSPITAL INPATIENT ROOM
Authors: Hartono Budi , Hidayati Alfi , Kurniati Tri , Basir Nur'Aina 
Published: November 2020

Background: The fluctuated patient satisfaction level shows the need to improvenursing performance. Several factors that can improve nursing performance includeleadership, job motivation, management and environment. Leadership and job motivationbecome fundamental aspectsin improving employee performance. Aim: This study analyzedtherole of manager’s leadership and nurses’job motivation on nursing performance in the inpatient room ofthe Indonesian Red Cross Hospital Bogor.Methods: This study sampled a total of 150 nurses in the inpatient roomof the Indonesian Red Cross Hospital Bogorusing the incidental random sampling technique. This study employed a path analysis with three variables, such as manager’s leadership and job motivation as exogenous variables and nursing performance as an endogenous variable.Results: Leadership of the head of the inpatient room couldincrease job motivation and nursing performance.Conclusion: Manager’s leadership and job motivation could affect the level of nurses’ performancepartially and simultaneously. The Indonesian Red Cross Hospital Bogor could provide regular training to every head of the room to enhance their leadership and nurses’ job motivation. Keywords: leadership, job motivation, nurses’ work performance.
Risk Factor Mild Mental Retardation in Extraordinary School at Surabaya
Authors: Imaduddin Muhammad Helmi , Febriyana Nining , Setiawati Yunias , Irwanto Irwanto 
Published: November 2020

Background: Children with mild mental retardation tend to have late language skills so that it affects aspects of speech and independence and can persist into adulthood. Knowing the risk factor of mental retardation is important because disability in children can be prevented by knowing the cause. Objective: This study aims to analyze risk factors for students with mild mental retardation in special schools in Surabaya in the academic year 2019-2020. Methods: This study was an observational analytic study with a case-control approach that took primary data in the form of a questionnaire on parents. Then the data is analyzed through univariate to display the characteristics of respondents and descriptive research variables and bivariate analysis with a chi-square test to determine the effect of risk factors on mental retardation. Results: In this study, there was a total of 100 samples after being excluded from 192 samples. Factors obtained by the length of neonatal stay in the hospital (p=0.010, OR=0.318, 95%CI=0.131-0.775), baby cries immediately at birth (p=0,000, OR=0.052, 95%CI=0,007-0,417), antenatal care (p=0.014, OR=0.107, 95%,CI=0.013-0.889), LBW (p=0.002, OR=0.820, 95%CI=0,72000,934), prematurity (p=0,007, OR=0,148, 95%CI=0,031-0,706), family income (p=0,000, OR=0.077, 95%CI=0.028-0.207), father's education (p=0.001, OR=5.310, 95%CI =1,913 14,745) affect mild mental retardation. Conclusion: Factors that influence mild mental retardation consist of perinatal factors (baby crying at birth) and environmental factors (family income and father's education).
Smoking-Free Policies and Smoking Behaviors among Historically Black Colleges and Universities Students in the United States
Authors: Martin Elijah K. , Jacobson Lea , Singh Gopal K. , Sheikhatari Payam , Girmay Mehrete 
Published: November 2020

Background:
There is limited research on the impact of smoke-free policies on students' attitudes and smoking behaviors at Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) in the United States. This study examined African American students' attitudes toward differential smoke-free campus policies and their smoking behavior at two HBCUs in the Mid-Atlantic region.

Methods:
In this original study, 202 African American undergraduate and graduate students enrolled at two urban HBCUs participated and completed the online and in-person surveys conducted between October and December 2019. Descriptive statistics (Chi-square x2 and t-statistics) and multivariable logistic regression were used to examine differences in smoking attitudes and behaviors prompted by smoking-free policies.

Results:
One of the two surveyed HBCUs supported a comprehensive smoke-free policy (CSFP), which prohibits any tobacco use, including smoking, anywhere on campus at any time. The other HBCU followed a regular smoke-free policy (RSFP), which limits smoking to certain designated areas. The majority of students at the two schools reported that the smoke-free policy had not affected their smoking behavior. The multivariable analysis did not indicate a statistically significant association between students' attitudes toward smoke-free policies and their smoking behavior. Furthermore, the difference in smoking prevalence between the two schools was not statistically significant by policy type.

Conclusions and Implications for Translation:
Smoke-free polices have the potential to educate students about the risk of smoking and improve their attitudes about it. Implementing and enforcing a comprehensive or regular smoke-free policy is an essential step toward providing a healthy learning environment for students. Understanding the context-specific factors that contribute to smoking behaviors among African American students would provide additional important insights to policymakers in developing more effective programs for students at HBCUs.
Anti-allergic Assessment of Ethanol Extractives of Quisqualis Indica Linn
Authors: Chaudhary Deepa , Srivastava Rajnish , Nagar Hemant 
Published: November 2020

Aim:The present work was aimed at finding out the anti-allergic activity of ethanol extracts of Quisqualis indica Linn. (EEQI) by in-vitro and in-vivo murine models.Background:Worldwide, the rise in the prevalence of allergic diseases has continued in the industrialized world for more than 50 years. About 0.05-2% of the population is estimated to experience anaphylaxis at some point in life. Quisqualis indica Linn in an ornamental plant that has been rarely used as a herbal medicine, however, the presence of polyphenols and flavonoids have been reported to possess anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and immunomodulatory activity, which have some pathological relevance with anaphylaxis.Objective:The objective of the present research was to investigate, scientifically explore and understand the probable anti-anaphylactic mechanism of ethanol extracts of Quisqualis indica Linn. via different preclinical models.Material and Method:In-vitro study was done on de-granulated mesenteric mast cells induced by compound 48/80 and in-vivo study was done by Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis (PCA) model. In the in-vitro study degranulated mesenteric cells were grouped into negative control (compound 48/80 treated), positive control (Disodium cromoglycate + 48/80 treated) and 3 test groups (EEQI 10 μg/ml + 48/80 treated, EEQI 50 μg/ml + 48/80 treated and EEQI 100 μg/ml + 48/80 treated). The number of degranulated mast cells was counted and compared within the different treatment groups. In the in-vivo study, the rats were first grouped into negative control (vehicle only), positive control (Disodium cromoglycate) and 2 test groups (EEQI: 100 and 200 mg/kilogram). The animals were pretreated for 12 days. On the 12th day, all the rats were immunized with serum anti-ovalbumin (obtained from an already sensitized rat) by the intradermal route. After 24 h of serum injection, Evans blue dye containing oval albumin was administered intravenously in all groups. Three days later, the rats were taken down for the severity of the anaphylactic reactions.Result:EEQI significantly attenuates mast cell degranulation and maintains cell intactness as compared to control (P < 0.001). It was set up to support the degree of anaphylaxis as compared to the control group (P < 0.001).Conclusion:The outcomes of the work revealed the preventive effect of Quisqualis indica Linn. against allergic manifestations.
Childhood Infectious Encephalitis: An Overview of Clinical Features, Investigations, Treatment, and Recent Patents
Authors: Au Cheuk C. , Hon Kam L. , Leung Alexander K.C. , Torres Alcy R. 
Published: November 2020

Background::
Infectious encephalitis is a serious and challenging condition to manage.
This overview summarizes the current literature regarding the etiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis,
management, and recent patents of acute childhood infectious encephalitis.

Methods::
We used PubMed Clinical Queries as a search engine and used keywords of “encephalitis”
AND “childhood” Patents were searched using the key term “encephalitis” in google.patents.-
com and patentsonline.com.

Results::
Viral encephalitis is the most common cause of acute infectious encephalitis in children.
In young children, the clinical manifestations can be non-specific. Provision of empiric antimicrobial
therapy until a specific infectious organism has been identified, which in most cases includes
acyclovir, is the cornerstone of therapy. Advanced investigation tools, including nucleic acid-based
test panel and metagenomic next-generation sequencing, improve the diagnostic yield of identifying
an infectious organism. Supportive therapy includes adequate airway and oxygenation, fluid
and electrolyte balance, cerebral perfusion pressure support, and seizure control. Recent patents are
related to the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of acute infectious encephalitis.

Conclusions::
Viral encephalitis is the most common cause of acute infectious encephalitis in children
and is associated with significant morbidity. Recent advances in understanding the genetic basis
and immunological correlation of infectious encephalitis may improve treatment. Third-tier diagnostic
tests may be incorporated into clinical practice. Treatment is targeted at the infectious process
but remains mostly supportive. However, specific antimicrobial agents and vaccines development
is ongoing.