bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In silico Analysis of Phytochemicals from Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC against Mycobacterium tuberculosis Causing Tuberculosis
Authors: Das Debasmita , Das Sunanya , Pandey Mukundjee , Bhattacharyay Dipankar 
Published: March 2020

Tuberculosis is somewhat a disease of poverty that mainly targets the low-income populations of developing countries. At the same time, the disease act as a barrier for economic growth to affected people and families caring for them which in turn results into increased poverty in the community. Thesepopulation below the poverty line lacks access due to higher retail price and unavailability of the medicines. To overcome these obstacles researchers are nowadays opting to derive medicines from plant extract containing phytochemicals rather than synthesizing new chemicals which proved to be more expensive and unsafe compared to their organic counterpart. Phytochemicals are non-nutritive compounds obtained from plants. It has been reported that Mucuna pruriens plant extract is expected to cure Tuberculosis, which is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The said microbe contains 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase enzyme which is reported to be very crucial for the survival of the organism. The molecular docking of the phytochemicals with the microbial enzyme was studied using Biovia Discovery Studio. The machine learning protocols analyze and predict the volume of the molecular interactions occurring between the plant phytochemical and the bacterial enzyme occurring at the active site of the enzyme. The strength of the interaction was evaluated based on -CDocker energy and -CDocker interaction energy. Subsequently the study displays high positive values for both the parameters indicating that out of different phytochemicals present in Mucuna pruriens, L-Dopa can effectively deactivate the enzymatic metabolic activity by interrupting β-oxidation of fatty acid in the microbial cell which causes termination of the life cycle of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
The Microstructure of the Student Wellbeing Process Questionnaire
Authors: Smith Andrew P. , Firman Kirsty L. 
Published: March 2020

Background: The wellbeing process model formed the basis of questionnaires that can demonstrate which factors predict negative and positive wellbeing outcomes. The Student Wellbeing Process Questionnaire (Student WPQ) uses stressor, negative coping, psychological capital and social support scales to predict positive and negative wellbeing outcomes.
Aims: The usual method of scoring the WPQ has been to sum relevant questions in each scale. The aim of the present analyses was to investigate the microstructure of the WPQ and examine the profile of individual predictor and outcome items.
Methodology: The research was approved by the ethics committee, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, and carried out with the informed consent of the volunteers (1481 psychology undergraduates; 89.4% female; 49.7% year 1; mean age 19.5 years). An online survey was carried out, and a MANOVA was conducted to examine associations between the wellbeing process predictor variables and the wellbeing outcomes.
Results: A multivariate analysis of variance showed that the majority of individual predictors had significant overall effects. Some of the predictors (optimism; self-esteem, developmental challenges; time pressure; avoidance coping) had significant effects on all outcomes, which explains the global effects of the positive personality and stressor composite variables. Negative coping variables had significant effects on all negative outcomes. Other variables had selective effects on specific outcome measures.
Conclusion: The independent variables from the student wellbeing questionnaire are good predictors of both positive and negative wellbeing outcomes. This is observed when either individual items or composite scores are used in the analysis.
D
esulfotomaculum
Authors: Watanabe Miho , Fukui Manabu , Kuever Jan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

De.sul.fo.to.ma'cu.lum. L. pref.
de
from; L. neut. n.
sulfur
; L. neut. n.
tomaculum
a kind of sausage; N.L. neut. n.
Desulfotomaculum
a sausage‐shaped sulfate reducer.

Desulfotomaculota (Firmicutes_B) / Desulfotomaculia / Desulfotomaculales / Desulfotomaculaceae / Desulfotomaculum

Cells are rod‐shaped with rounded ends. Gram‐stain‐positive. Oval spores occur terminal or subterminal of cells. Twisting and tumbling motility by means of flagella. Strictly anaerobic, having a respiratory and fermentative type of metabolism. Thermophilic and neutrophilic. Chemoorganoheterotrophic growth occurs using organic acids, alcohols, amino acids, and sugars. Chemolithoheterotrophic growth occurs with H
2
and CO
2
in the presence of acetate. Substrates are incompletely oxidized to acetate. CO is utilized as growth substrate in the presence of yeast extract. Sulfate, thiosulfate, and sulfite are used as electron acceptors. Fermentative growth on pyruvate, fructose, and CO (one strain). Major cellular fatty acids are C
16:0
, iso‐C
15:0
, iso‐C
17:0
, anteiso‐C
15:0
, C
18:0
, and iso‐C
16:0
. Found in soil, spoiled foods, freshwater, and paper mill wastewater sludge.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 44.5 (LC), 46.3 (genome).

Type species:
Desulfotomaculum nigrificans
Campbell and Postgate 1965
AL
.
P
ullulanibacillus
Authors: Albuquerque Luciana , Tiago Igor , Verissimo António , da Costa Milton S. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Pul.lu.la.ni.ba.cil'lus. N.L. neut. n.
pullulanum
pullulan; L. masc. n.
bacillus
a small staff; N.L. masc. n.
Pullulanibacillus
a small staff hydrolyzing pullulan.

Firmicutes / Bacilli / Bacillales / Sporolactobacillaceae / Pullulanibacillus

The species of the genus
Pullulanibacillus
produce rod‐shaped cells, 0.5–1.0 μm in width and 1.0–60.0 μm in length that stain Gram‐positive. The endospores are oval, subterminal to terminal in swollen sporangia. Some species possess flagella, and motility is observed. Colonies are nonpigmented or yellow pigmented. The species of the genus
Pullulanibacillus
are mesophilic and are moderately acidophilic. The species are strictly aerobic, cytochrome
c
oxidase is negative, and catalase is positive. The species of the genus are chemoorganotrophic utilizing carbohydrates, polyols, amino acids, and organic acids as single carbon sources. Yeast extract is not necessary for growth in minimal defined medium. The peptidoglycan is of the A1γ with
meso
‐diaminopimelic acid (
meso
‐DPM) as the diagnostic diamino acid. Menaquinone 7 (MK‐7) is the major respiratory quinone. Polar lipids consist of phosphatidylglycerol (PG), diphosphatidylglycerol (DPG), unidentified phospholipids, unidentified aminolipids, and unidentified glycolipids; in some species, DPG and glycolipids are not detected. The predominant fatty acids are saturated branched and straight chain; some species contain large amounts of unsaturated fatty acids. The members of the genus
Pullulanibacillus
have been isolated from soil, tea, and a uranium mill tailing effluent.

DNA G + C content (%)
: 39.3–45.0 (HPLC).

Type species
:
Pullulanibacillus naganoensis
Hatayama et al. 2006
VP
.
D
esulfotruncus

gen. nov.
Authors: Watanabe Miho , Fukui Manabu , Kuever Jan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

De.sul.fo.trun'cus. L. pref.
de
from; L. neut. n.
sulfur
sulfur; L. masc. n. truncus stick; N.L. masc. n.
Desulfotruncus
sulfate‐reducing stick.

Desulfotomaculota (Firmicutes_B) / Desulfotomaculia / Desulfotomaculales / Desulfallaceae / Desulfotruncus gen. nov.

Cells are straight rods. Gram‐staining reaction varies with the species. Spherical spores occur central of cells causing clear sporangia. Nonmotile or motile by means of two or more flagella. Strictly anaerobic, having a respiratory or fermentative type of metabolism. Moderately thermophilic and neutrophilic. Chemolithoautotroph or chemoorganoheterotroph using organic acids, short to long‐chain fatty acids and alcohols. The key genes encoding CO dehydrogenase/acetyl‐CoA synthase complex for the Wood–Ljungdahl pathway are present in the genome. Sulfate, thiosulfate, and sulfite are used as electron acceptors; Fe (III) is not utilized. Fermentative growth on pyruvate is observed. Major cellular fatty acids are iso‐C
15:0
and iso‐C
17:1
ω10
c
. Major menaquinone is MK‐7. Found in a permanently cold sediments of Svalbard or a sulfidogenic fluidized‐bed reactor.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 48–48.9 (LC); 45.7–46.9 (genome).

Type species
:
Desulfotruncus arcticus
comb. nov. (basonyms:
Desulfotomaculum arcticum
Vandieken et al. 2006,
Desulfallas arcticus
Watanabe et al. 2018).
T
hiohalobacter
Authors: Sorokin Dimitry Y. , Merkel Alexander Y. , Muyzer Gerard 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Thi.o.halo.bac'ter. Gr. neut. n.
thion
sulfur; Gr. masc. n.
hals, halos
salt of the sea; N.L. masc. n.
bacter
a rod; N.L. masc. n.
Thiohalobacter
halophilic sulfur rod.

Proteobacteria / Gammaproteobacteria / Thiohalobacterales / Thiohalobacteraceae / Thiohalobacter

The genus
Thiohalobacter
was originally classified as an unaffiliated member of an deep‐lineage of the
Gammaproteobacteria
. It is a moderately halophilic, neutrophilic and obligately aerobic, chemolithoautotrophic sulfur‐oxidizing bacterium with the ability to utilize thiocyanate as the electron donor. CO
2
is assimilated via the Calvin–Benson–Bassham cycle. The genus includes a single species
T. thiocyanaticus
, which is the type species.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 64.2 (genome).

Type species
:
Thiohalobacter thiocyanaticus
Sorokin et al. 2010
VP
.
T
hermoanaerobaculales
Authors: Dedysh Svetlana N. , Lawson Paul 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Ther.mo.an.a.e.ro.ba.cu.la'les. N.L. neut. n.
Thermoanaerobaculum
type genus of the order; ‐
ales
ending to denote an order; N.L. fem. pl. n.
Thermoanaerobaculales
the
Thermoanaerobaculum
order.

Acidobacteria / Thermoanaerobaculia / Thermoanaerobaculales

The order
Thermoanaerobaculales
was circumscribed on the basis of phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences obtained from one cultured representative and several environmental clone sequences retrieved from terrestrial hot springs and thermal marine habitats. This order includes the single family
Thermoanaerobaculaceae
, which accommodates so far only one described member represented by Gram‐negative, non‐spore‐forming, anaerobic, thermophilic and neutrophilic, chemoheterotrophic bacteria.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 63.0 (genome sequence).

Type genus
:
Thermoanaerobaculum
Losey et al. 2013
VP
.
Fabrication, Applications, and Prospects of Aramid Nanofiber
Authors: Yang Bin , Wang Lin , Zhang Meiyun , Luo Jingjing , Lu Zhaoqing , Ding Xueyao 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAramid nanofibers (ANFs) are of great interest in various applications due to its 1D nanoscale, high aspect ratio, high specific surface area, excellent strength, and modulus as well as impressive chemical and thermal stabilities. It is considered as one of the most promising nano‐sized building blocks with excellent properties and has therefore drawn increasing attention since 2011. However, no review has summarized the research progress and the prospective challenges of ANF. Herein, the methods of ANF fabrication and their relative merits are comprehensively discussed together with the challenges and progress in the deprotonation method for preparing ANF. The fabrication methods and development of ANF‐based advanced materials with different macroscopic morphologies, including the 1D ANF aerogel fiber, 2D ANF film/nanopaper/coating, and 3D ANF gel and particle are also described. Furthermore, the applications of ANF in nanocomposite reinforcement, battery separators, electrical insulation nanopaper, flexible electronics, and adsorption and filtration media are presented. Additionally, the possible challenges and outlooks toward the future development of ANF are highlighted. This review indicates that the ANF and ANF‐based materials mentioned herein will boost the development of next‐generation advanced functional materials.
Anomalous Nonlinear Optical Selection Rules in Metallic Quantum Wells
Authors: Li Shilong , Qian Haoliang , Liu Zhaowei 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIntersubband transitions (ISBTs) in conduction‐band quantum wells (QWs) have attracted tremendous attention for their high technological potential, ranging from quantum cascade lasers, quantum well infrared photodetectors, to various nonlinear optical elements. One of the main characteristics of using the ISBTs is their polarization selection rule, which forbids a normal‐incidence geometry. Here, it is shown that the ISBT selection rule is not strict on optical nonlinearities in metallic QWs (MQWs). The nonlinear process of second harmonic generation nearly follows the selection rule, while the optical Kerr nonlinear process severely deviates from it. The anomalous optical selection rules result from the non‐negligible ultrafast electron–electron scattering in these plasmonic systems, and a coupled mode theory is provided to get a physical grasp of the problem. The flexible selection rule in MQWs could bring drastic improvements in efficiency and diversity of ISBT‐based devices.
Magnetic Nanoparticles in Cancer Therapy and Diagnosis
Authors: Farzin Ali , Etesami Seyed Alireza , Quint Jacob , Memic Adnan , Tamayol Ali 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThere is urgency for the development of nanomaterials that can meet emerging biomedical needs. Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) offer high magnetic moments and surface‐area‐to‐volume ratios that make them attractive for hyperthermia therapy of cancer and targeted drug delivery. Additionally, they can function as contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and can improve the sensitivity of biosensors and diagnostic tools. Recent advancements in nanotechnology have resulted in the realization of the next generation of MNPs suitable for these and other biomedical applications. This review discusses methods utilized for the fabrication and engineering of MNPs. Recent progress in the use of MNPs for hyperthermia therapy, controlling drug release, MRI, and biosensing is also critically reviewed. Finally, challenges in the field and potential opportunities for the use of MNPs toward improving their properties are discussed.
Micro/Nano Dual‐Scale Crossed Sinusoidal Wavy Patterns for Synergistic Promotion of Proliferation and Endothelial Differentiation of Human Adipose‐Derived Stem Cells
Authors: Kim Hyung Woo , Lee Jeong Su , Park Sung Jea , Rhie Jong Won , Kim Dong Sung 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAlthough human adipose‐derived stem cells (hASCs) have great potential as a cell source for stem cell therapy due to their capacity of self‐renewal, long‐term growth, and multipotency with high obtainability through lipoaspiration, little is known about the effects of micro/nano dual‐scale topography on the proliferation and differentiation of the hASCs. In this study, the effects of micro/nano dual‐scale crossed sinusoidal wavy patterns (SIMNs) on the hASC behaviors including cellular alignment, proliferation, and endothelial differentiation are investigated. Various types of microscale, nanoscale, and SIMNs are fabricated on a single polystyrene surface in a step‐gradient manner based on the combined fabrication processes of deep X‐ray lithography, polydimethylsiloxane surface wrinkling, and thermal nanoimprinting process. The cellular alignment, proliferation, and endothelial differentiation of the hASCs are promoted on the SIMNs compared to the microscale or nanoscale sinusoidal wavy patterns. A micro/nano dual‐scale pattern of SIMN160_500, which has a micro‐scale sinusoidal wavy pattern with a wavelength of 160 µm crossed with a nanoscale sinusoidal wavy pattern with a wavelength of 500 nm, is found to be a most effective pattern for synergistically promoting both proliferation and endothelial differentiation of the hASCs with 1.2‐fold and 2‐fold increases, respectively.
Modulation of VO2 Metal–Insulator Transition by Ferroelectric HfO2 Gate Insulator
Authors: Yajima Takeaki , Nishimura Tomonori , Tanaka Takahisa , Uchida Ken , Toriumi Akira 
Published: March 2020

AbstractFerroelectric gating of functional materials has often suffered because ferroelectric materials are poor insulators. In this study, the recently reported ferroelectric HfO2, a large band‐gap oxide with excellent insulating properties, is exploited for electrostatically gating the archetypical metal–insulator transition material, VO2. By protecting the meta‐stable ferroelectric phase from deterioration, the ferroelectric gating is successfully demonstrated with an ultra‐thin VO2 channel in the back‐gate geometry. The observed modulation of the VO2 channel conductivity is originated from the ferroelectric polarization reversal in the HfO2 gate insulator combined with the VO2 metal–insulator transition. These results demonstrate the significant potential of ferroelectric HfO2 for electrostatically controlling the state of matter for both fundamental research and device application.
Perovskite BiFeO3–BaTiO3 Ferroelectrics: Engineering Properties by Domain Evolution and Thermal Depolarization Modification
Authors: Zheng Ting , Wu Jiagang 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBismuth ferrite (BFO)‐based ceramics with large electromechanical response are important in electronic device applications. To better understand their physical mechanisms, a new phase diagram established by temperature dependence of dielectric properties, temperature dependence of piezoelectric coefficient, and the evolution of their properties is proposed to explain the contribution of piezoelectric and strain response by comparing ferroelectric (FE) and relaxor ferroelectric (RFE) compositions. The FE components with macrodomains have large piezoelectric constant (d33 of 412 pC/N) at high temperature. The RFE components with nanodomains possess giant strain response (Suni = 0.37%) at 180 °C. Combined with in situ and ex situ techniques, the physical mechanisms behind the enhancement of these properties are explored. Macrodomains and multipolar phase coexistence contribute to the piezoelectricity improvement. Nanodomains and an unstable depolarization temperature (Td) region engineer the strain enhancement, which can promote electric‐field‐induced domain switching, lattice strain, and irreversible phase transition. In particular, the Td region of BiFeO3‐based ceramics has been ignored for several years, although it is actually an effective medium to engineer properties. The proposed phase diagram and dynamic model can be used to well understand the structural origins of large electromechanical properties in BFO‐based ceramics, which can give some guidance to explore materials with excellent properties for different applications.
Efficient Organic Solar Cell with 16.88% Efficiency Enabled by Refined Acceptor Crystallization and Morphology with Improved Charge Transfer and Transport Properties
Authors: Zhu Lei , Zhang Ming , Zhou Guanqing , Hao Tianyu , Xu Jinqiu , Wang Jing , Qiu Chaoqun , Prine Nathaniel , Ali Jazib , Feng Wei , Gu Xiaodan , Ma Zaifei , Tang Zheng , Zhu Haiming , Ying Lei , Zhang Yongming , Liu Feng 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSingle‐layered organic solar cells (OSCs) using nonfullerene acceptors have reached 16% efficiency. Such a breakthrough has inspired new sparks for the development of the next generation of OSC materials. In addition to the optimization of electronic structure, it is important to investigate the essential solid‐state structure that guides the high efficiency of bulk heterojunction blends, which provides insight in understanding how to pair an efficient donor–acceptor mixture and refine film morphology. In this study, a thorough analysis is executed to reveal morphology details, and the results demonstrate that Y6 can form a unique 2D packing with a polymer‐like conjugated backbone oriented normal to the substrate, controlled by the processing solvent and thermal annealing conditions. Such morphology provides improved carrier transport and ultrafast hole and electron transfer, leading to improved device performance, and the best optimized device shows a power conversion efficiency of 16.88% (16.4% certified). This work reveals the importance of film morphology and the mechanism by which it affects device performance. A full set of analytical methods and processing conditions are executed to achieve high efficiency solar cells from materials design to device optimization, which will be useful in future OSC technology development.
Strategies toward High‐Loading Lithium–Sulfur Battery
Authors: Hu Yin , Chen Wei , Lei Tianyu , Jiao Yu , Huang Jianwen , Hu Anjun , Gong Chuanhui , Yan Chaoyi , Wang Xianfu , Xiong Jie 
Published: March 2020

AbstractLithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries, due to the high theoretical energy density, are regarded as one of the most promising candidates for breaking the limitations of energy‐storage system based on Li‐ion batteries. Tremendous efforts have been made to meet the challenge of high‐performance Li–S batteries, in which a sulfur loading of above 5 mg cm−2 delivers an areal capacity higher than 5 mAh cm−2 without compromising specific capacity and cycling stability for practical applications. However, serious problems have been exposed during the scaling up of the sulfur loading. In this review, based on mechanistic insights into structural configuration, catalytic conversion, and interfacial engineering, the problems and corresponding strategies in the development of high‐loading Li–S batteries are highlighted and discussed, aiming at bridging the gap between fundamental research and practical cell‐level designs. Stemming from the current achievements, future directions targeting the high‐energy‐density Li–S batteries for commercialization are proposed.
Surgical outcomes in gastroenterological surgery in Japan: Report of the National Clinical Database 2011‐2018
Authors: Kakeji Yoshihiro , Takahashi Arata , Hasegawa Hiroshi , Ueno Hideki , Eguchi Susumu , Endo Itaru , Sasaki Akira , Takiguchi Shuji , Takeuchi Hiroya , Hashimoto Masaji , Horiguchi Akihiko , Masaki Tadahiko , Marubashi Shigeru , Yoshida Kazuhiro , Gotoh Mitsukazu , Konno Hiroyuki , Yamamoto Hiroyuki , Miyata Hiroaki , Seto Yasuyuki , Kitagawa Yuko ,   National Clinical Database
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe National Clinical Database (NCD) of Japan grew rapidly, harvesting over 11 million cases of data between 2011 and 2018 from more than 5000 facilities. This is the Report of the NCD based upon gastrointestinal surgery information in 4 420 175 cases from 2011 to 2018. More than 70% of all gastrointestinal surgeries were performed at certified institutions, and the percentage of surgeries performed at certified institutions was particularly high for the esophagus (93.8% in 2018), liver (89.4%), pancreas (91.3%), and spleen (86.9%). Also, more than 70% of the surgeries were performed with the participation of the board‐certified surgeon. As the patients have been getting older, the morbidities have been increasing. However, the mortalities have been kept at a low level. The rates of endoscopic surgery have been increasing year by year, especially high in low anterior resection (67.0%) and esophagectomy (61.0%). Nationwide, this database is surely expecting to ensure the quality of board certification system and surgical outcomes in gastroenterological surgery.
Clinical, molecular, and pathological findings in a Neu–Laxova syndrome stillborn: A Brazilian case report
Authors: Cavole Thiago R. , Perrone Eduardo , Lucena de Castro Felipe S. C. , Alvarez Perez Ana B. , Waitzberg Angela Flávia L. , Cernach Mirlene C. S. P. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractNeu–Laxova syndrome (NLS) is a lethal genetic multiple congenital anomaly syndrome of unknown prevalence representing the severe spectrum of serine biosynthesis defects associated with PHGDH, PSAT1, or PSP gene mutations. The purpose of this study was to describe clinical/molecular and pathologic features of a NLS case caused by novel heterozygous missense variant in PHGDH gene identified in his consanguineous parents.