bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SILVER NANOPARTICLES USING FOR PROCESSING SUTURE MATERIAL
Authors: Malyshko Vadim Vladimirovich , Elkina Anna Anatolyevna 
Published: November 2020

The method of modifying suture material with silver nanoparticles was tested. The paper presents the results
nanoparticle sorption on the surface of different types of polymer fibers. The expediency of processing suture threads for intraoperative prophylaxis of purulent-septic complications in surgery is shown.
SURVIVAL AND THIOL STATUS OF CELLS CACO-2 IN THE CONDITIONS OF OXIDATIVE STRESS
Authors: Abalenikhina Yulia V. , Shchulkin Aleksey V. , Erokhina Pelageya D. , Chernykh Ivan V. , Yakusheva Elena N. 
Published: November 2020

Under conditions of oxidative stress induced by H2O2 for 72 hours at cincentrations of 50 and 100 mM there
is a decrease in survival and transepitelical resistance of cell line Caco-2. The level of oxidized theols increases
significantly at the concentration of H2O2 of 10 mM due to easily accessible SH-groups, at 50 and 100 mM H2O2 due to hard-to-reach SH-groups.
Pengaruh Peradaban Islam Terhadap Dunia Barat
Authors: Huzain Muh 
Published: November 2020

The emergence of Islam influenced the revolution and made a wave of culture toward a new world when experiencing an era of darkness. The progress of Greek civilization in the Westcould not be continued by the Roman empire and Roman domination in the classical era until the middle ages; which was then therise of the West in the era of renaissance in the 14-16th century.This paper will reveal the influence of Islam on the development of the Western world, since the emergence of contact between Islam with the West in the Classical era until the middle ages. There are different opinions among historians about who and when the first contact between Islam and the West took place. The first contact, however, occurred when the areas of East Roman government (Byzantium), Syria (638) and Egypt (640) fell into the hands of the Islamic government during the reign of Caliph 'Umar bin Khaţţāb. The Second contact, at the beginning of the eighth and ninth centuries occurred when the kings of Islam were able to rule Spain (711-1472), Portugal (716-1147), and important Mediterranean islands such as Sardinia (740-1050), Cicilia (827-1091), Malta (870-1090) as well as several small areas in Southern Italy and French Southern France. The third contact, took place in Eastern Europe from the fourteenth to early twentieth century when the Ottoman empire ruled the Balkan peninsula (Eastern Europe) and Southern Russia. The Ottoman empire's powers in Europe covered Yunāni, Bulgaria, Albania, Romania, Yugoslavia, Hungary, parts of Rhode, Cyprus, Austria and parts of Russia. Of the three periods of contact, the greatest influence was in the second contact period, where the decline of Western science in the dark era, while in the Islamic world developed advanced and produces scientists, thinkers and intellectuals in various sciences. This influence can be seen from the sending of students studying to the university of Islamic area, the establishment of the university, the translation and copying of various scientific literature such as natural science (Science of astronomy, Mathematics, Chemistry, Pharmacy, medicine, architecture etc) and Social Science history, philosophy, politics, economics, earth sciences, sociology, law, culture, language, literature, art, etc.). The Historians recognize that the influence of Islamic civilization is very great on the development of the West, which culminated in the renaissance or rise of Western civilization in Europe after the dark era.
Islam di Thailand
Authors: Sanurdi Sanurdi 
Published: November 2020

In the history Islam has existed in Thailand since the 13th century. Muslims have been active in trade and administration in the Thailand kingdom. However, in its development, as a minority, there was conflict due to discrimination and intimidation. In 2000 the percentage of religion in Thailand was Buddhist (95%), Islam (4%), Christian (0.6%), and other religions (0.4%). This paper seeks to examine the existence of Islam and the problems of Muslims as a minority in Thailand. In general, the Muslim population in Thailand is divided into two groups, namely Malay Muslims and Thai Muslims. The majority of Muslims are in the Southern part of Thailand, especially in Pattani area so they are often referred to as Muslim Patani Darussalam or Patani Raya which is closer to Malay. While the Thai Muslims are in the Middle and North that includes the descendants of Iranian Muslims, Champa, Indonesia, India, Pakistan, China, and Malay. Problems faced by Muslims in Thailand are more commonly experienced by Malay Muslims or Pattani in southern Thailand. They are regarded as Khaek (guests or foreigners), a negative prejudice. Malay language and names are prohibited from being used in public institutions, such as schools and government agencies. This resulted in the emergence of Pattani's reaction and resistance to the part of Southern Thailand to obtain special autonomy, even to separatists. Finally, in early 2004 there were several incidents and riots occurring in Southern Thailand, especially in Narathiwat, Yala, and Pattani. This conflict occurs because the demands of the separatist movement and the government act hard against them in militaristic ways, on the other hand people are also dissatisfied with government discrimination as well as violence actions separatist movement. This is exacerbated and worsened by USA intervention in the conflict under the pretext of fighting Islamic separatist violence.
Perkembangan Islam Arab Saudi
Authors: Wahyuddin Imam 
Published: November 2020

The kingdom of al-Sa'ūdiyah actually existed since 1446. However, as a strong dynasty and established the Saudi Arabia state is since the era of Abd. Aziz ibn Abd. Rahman al-Sa'ud (Ibn Saud) with the spirit of Wahhabism and British aid. Officially in 1932 the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia became an Islamic state with a monarchic system under King Ibn Saud. This paper will discuss the history of Islamic development in Saudi Arabia which is now as an Islamic State. Saudi Arabia is now dominated by the kingdom of al-Sa'ūdiyah which is influenced by Wahabiyah religious beliefs. From the beginning of the nineteenth century the Wahabiyah movement received support from Muhammad Ibn Sa'ud. They began expansion which culminated in the conquest of most of the Arabian peninsula and made social, religious and political set agendas in Saudi Arabia. Wahabiyah continues to expand and exist in Saudi Arabia, especially in the mid-19th to the 20th century, and its development pattern is based on top down. Thus, the development of Islam in Saudi Arabia can not be separated from Wahabiyah influence. In the midst of social change, Saudi authorities continue to maintain Wahabiyah as a royal religious ideology. In fact, Wahabiyah ulama also play a role in giving religious approval to the policies of the royal government. However, other factors that also make Islam flourish in Saudi Arabia are the historic impact as the main influence of Muslims since the Prophet era and Saudi Arabia's strategic position for various information reforms in the Islamic world as it controls Mecca and Medina as the sacred city (Haramain). On the other hand, the development of Islam in Saudi Arabia can also be seen in terms of Islamic politics played by the royal government and its foreign political economy which is deemed to be close to the Brtish, US or the West in the Middle East, preferably in the Israel and Palestinian conflict
Perkembangan Islam di Indonesia Era Reformasi
Authors: Sauki M 
Published: November 2020

Islam in Indonesia has existed since in the 7th and became more widespread in the 13th. The success of Islam spread in Indonesia including the most dynamic with the method of cultural and political da'wah. Since the era of independence, Islam has grown rapidly. This paper aims to examine the existence of Islam in Indonesia today, with a review before the reform era and after reform. The Islamic movement can be said to be very influential on Indonesia's independence. This is evident from the role of Islamic organizations and parties. Despite its dominant influence, Islam did not become the official ideology of the Indonesian state after independence, as in the events of the Jakarta Charter, Islamic leaders preferred Pancasila as the principle of a pluralistic state. Uniquely, despite the predominantly Muslim population, Islam is not formally exposed in the system of government. After the Reform Era, many new Islamic parties and organizations were established. In Islamic conception, in general, reform is understood as ishlāh, which is in the ushul fiqh rules "keeping something good from the old and taking on the better of the new." Therefore, Islamic leaders are required to observe the global situation and its influence on Indonesia. Post reform also emerged a variety of radical Islamic organizations, terrorism, and movements that demand the implementation of Islamic law in all forms of order carried by certain Islamic movements, such as Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia and others. These problems make Islam a very sensitive issue: claims against Muslim representation, blasphemy, exclusivity and confusion between religion and politics without criticism. Such conditions precisely complicate the development of Islam in Indonesia that should consolidate and strengthen the interests of Islam. Furthermore, this condition is exacerbated also by the emergence of politicization and commercialization of Islamic identity in the context of da'wah, education and public media
DESAIN FORMULASI PENILAIAN KINERJA KESEHATAN FISKAL DAN PENGELOLAAN KEUANGAN DAERAH (STUDI KASUS PROVINSI JAWA BARAT)
Authors: Iqbal M. 
Published: November 2020

The background of this research was the presence of differences in calculating the local government fiscal condition between that based on the Finance Minister Regulation (FMR) No. 266/2015 that using growth ratio, and Brown (1993) formulation that based on static ratio. The objective of this research was to analyze the differences among those two calculation methods and determine the actual valuation formula based on case studies from 26 regencies/districts in West Java. Descriptive analysis and Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to compare both calculation. The result showed that calculation based on FMR did not show the real fiscal condition of local government and also did not meet sense of fairness for regencies/districts with better fiscal condition, than Brown's (1993) formulation. Based on Wilcoxon signed rank test 72,73% of those all variable in FY 2016 calculation showed significant differences. The designed formula used to determine the fiscal condition in managing local government financial in this research was the combination of growth ratio calculation and static ratio by using weighted methods and quadrant method.
Optimalisasi Peran BKPM Dalam Meningkatkan Investasi Sektor Infrastruktur Strategis Guna Mendorong Pemerataan Pembangunan
Authors: Baidarus Muhammad , Anggraeni Chintya Dewi Nimas Ayu , Mauliza Hazada Zafira 
Published: November 2020

Infrastruktur merupakan kunci penggerak ekonomi suatu bangsa. Ketersediaan infrastruktur yang memadai menjadi faktor dalam mengurangi kesenjangan antar wilayah serta mendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi yang berkelanjutan dan berkeadilan. Kebutuhan pendanaan infrastruktur Indonesia sangat besar seiring dengan meningkatnya pembangunan infrastruktur fisik dalam rangka mempermudah konektivitas antar wilayah di Indonesia. Bappenas memperkirakan kebutuhan dana untuk mencapai target pembangunan infrastruktur dalam RPJMN 2015-2019 sebesar Rp 4.796,2 triliun. Namun, keterbatasan kapasitas fiskal yang dimiliki Indonesia membuat pemerintah hanya mampu menyediakan pendanaan kurang dari setengahnya sehingga menimbulkan financial gap. Untuk memenuhi financial gap tersebut, pemerintah perlu mencari alternatif sumber pendanaan yang lain. Melalui studi literatur, salah satu alternatif untuk memenuhi financial gap tersebut yaitu melalui investasi PMA dan PMDN yang dialokasikan ke sektor infrastruktur strategis. Untuk menarik minat investor, pemerintah melalui BKPM perlu memberikan fasilitas penanaman modal khusus di bidang infrastruktur seperti fasilitas fiskal, penyederhanaan regulasi investasi sehingga akhirnya berpengaruh pada pemenuhan financial gap dalam pembangunan infrastruktur.
Investigation of anti-inflammatory effects of bee venom in experimentally induced adjuvant arthritis
Authors: Tekeoğlu İbrahim , Akdoğan Mehmet , Çelik İlhami 
Published: November 2020

IntroductionRheumatoid arthritis is a multisystemic inflammatory disease characterized by destruction of the joints. An effective treatment method of the disease has not been developed yet. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effects of bee (Apis mellifera anatoliaca) venom (BV) on serum inflammatory parameters, serum antioxidant load and clinical parameters of experimentally induced adjuvant arthritis in rats.Material and methodsA total of 35 Wistar albino male rats were used. The animals were divided into 5 groups. First group animals served as negative controls. The second, third, fourth and fifth groups were used for experimental arthritis induction. Following clinical development of arthritis, the first group was subcutaneously administered 0.2 ml of physiological saline, and the second, third and fourth groups were treated subcutaneously with 2 µg/kg, 4 µg/kg and 20 µg/kg once a week three times. Physiological saline injected fifth group animals were used as a sham-treatment group. Clinical observations and evaluation of arthritis were made at the 15th day, and at the end of the experiment. The levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase, paraoxonase, serum aryl esterase, high-sensitivity C reactive protein, interleukin 1 (IL-1), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-) were determined in cardiac blood samples taken at the end of the 29th day.ResultsFrom the data, total oxidant level (TOL) and oxidative stress index (OSI) were calculated. Significant improvements were observed in the clinical signs of arthritis and inflammatory markers such as in IL-1, TNF-, IL-6 and TOL and OSI in the 20.0 µg/kg BV-administered group. Bee venom administration did not cause any significant increase in ALT and AST values or signs of liver toxicity.ConclusionsBee venom treatment was effective in alleviation of symptoms of the experimental rat adjuvant arthritis by means of clinical observation and serum inflammatory markers.
Multiphase, decoupled faulting in the southern German Molasse Basin – evidence from 3-D seismic data
Authors: Shipilin Vladimir , Tanner David C. , von Hartmann Hartwig , Moeck Inga 
Published: November 2020

Abstract. We use three-dimensional seismic reflection data from the southern German Molasse Basin to investigate the structural style and evolution of a geometrically decoupled fault network in close proximity to the Alpine deformation front. We recognise two fault arrays that are vertically separated by a clay-rich layer – lower normal faults and upper normal and reverse faults. A frontal thrust fault partially overprints the upper fault array. Analysis of seismic stratigraphy, syn-kinematic strata, throw distribution, and spatial relationships between faults suggest a multiphase fault evolution: (1) initiation of the lower normal faults in the Upper Jurassic carbonate platform during the early Oligocene, (2) development of the upper normal faults in the Cenozoic sediments during the late Oligocene, and (3) reverse reactivation of the upper normal faults and thrusting during the mid-Miocene. These distinct phases document the evolution of the stress field as the Alpine orogen propagated across the foreland. We postulate that interplay between the horizontal compression and vertical stresses due to the syn-sedimentary loading resulted in the intermittent normal faulting. The vertical stress gradients within the flexed foredeep defined the independent development of the upper faults above the lower faults, whereas mechanical behaviour of the clay-rich layer precluded the subsequent linkage of the fault arrays. The thrust fault must have been facilitated by the reverse reactivation of the upper normal faults, as its maximum displacement and extent correlate with the occurrence of these faults. We conclude that the evolving tectonic stresses were the primary mechanism of fault activation, whereas the mechanical stratigraphy and pre-existing structures locally governed the structural style.
Understanding the role of water and tillage erosion from 239+240Pu tracer measurements using inverse modelling
Authors: Wilken Florian , Ketterer Michael , Koszinski Sylvia , Sommer Michael , Fiener Peter 
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Soil redistribution on arable land is a major threat for a sustainable use
of soil resources. The majority of soil redistribution studies focus on
water erosion, while wind and tillage erosion also induce pronounced
redistribution of soil materials. Tillage erosion especially is understudied, as it does not lead to visible off-site damages. The analysis
of on-site/in-field soil redistribution is mostly based on tracer studies,
where radionuclide tracers (e.g. 137Cs, 239+240Pu) from nuclear
weapon tests are commonly used to derive the erosion history over the past
50–60 years. Tracer studies allow us to determine soil redistribution patterns but integrate all types of soil redistribution processes and hence do not
allow us to unravel the contribution of individual erosion processes. The aim of this study is to understand the contribution of water and tillage erosion
leading to soil patterns found in a small hummocky ground moraine kettle
hole catchment under intensive agricultural use. Therefore, 239+240Pu-derived soil redistribution patterns were analysed using an inverse
modelling approach accounting for water and tillage erosion processes. The
results of this analysis clearly point out that tillage erosion is the
dominant process of soil redistribution in the study catchment, which also
affects the hydrological and sedimentological connectivity between arable
land and the kettle hole. A topographic change up to 17 cm (53 yr)−1 in
the eroded parts of the catchment is not able to explain the current soil
profile truncation that exceeds the 239+240Pu-derived topographic change substantially. Hence, tillage erosion already started before the
onset of intense mechanisation since the 1960s. In general, the study
stresses the urgent need to consider tillage erosion as a major soil
degradation process that can be the dominant soil redistribution process in
sloped arable landscapes.
Loan-Words: Economy, Equivalence, and Debt in the Arabic Translation Debates
Authors: Deuchar Hannah Scott 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This article examines a public debate about Arabic translation that took place in Cairo in March 1908. The social transformations of the long nineteenth century had been accompanied in Egypt by a parallel upheaval in conceptions of language, and by 1908 Arabic, like the global economy, seemed threatened by crisis. Some speeches from the debate actually connect these crises, equating linguistic meaning with financial value or critiquing the “costliness” of literary style; others conceive translation as an exchange predicated on equivalence between languages and governed by abstract economic laws. Scholars have suggested that the cultural violence of colonialism has structured modern Arabic literary production and defined its place within world and comparative literary studies. Here, I ask how that place might be reconceived if early twentieth-century Arabic theories of literature and language are understood as embedded not only in colonial ideological paradigms, but also in (imperial) capitalist logics of market efficiency and infinite exchangeability.
“A Mouthful of Air”: Modern Poetry and the Idea of Presence
Authors: Nicholls Peter 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This article reads in tandem works by three poets, George Oppen, Paul Celan, and Yves Bonnefoy, arguing that each in different ways seems to commit poetry to a pursuit of “presence.” The idea of lyric poetry as a privileged expression of the “here-and-now” continues to be prominent in what is known as the “New Lyric Theory” (I examine the work of Jonathan Culler as one example), though this can seem awkwardly at odds with the widely accepted critique by Jacques Derrida of what he called “the metaphysics of presence.” I propose that although my three poets variously celebrate the “presencing” powers of poetry they do so as a means of showing how the actual impossibility of grasping Being in language becomes the necessary condition of the poem's emergence as a form of skeptical self-reflection. “Presence,” however emphatically proposed and desired by these poets, is in fact always compromised by something other to it that sets limits to the very project of poetry. In recognizing those limits, and in negotiating them through figures such as the Heideggerian “rift” (Oppen), the Celanian “breathturn” and Bonnefoy's “opacity,” modern poetry may, paradoxically, present itself as something “otherwise than being” (Levinas).
“Investigate the misusage of technology as a gesture of freedom”: Glitch Dysfunction in New Media Art and Art Education
Authors: Sweeny Robert 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Digital dysfunction in contemporary new media art can be used to outline possibilities for productive and even radical applications of the digital in art educational practices. In this paper, I will analyze the work of a number of contemporary new media artists who use the motif of the glitch. I will provide suggestions for pedagogical approaches that relate and respond to these specific artistic tactics: the provocative, playful, and probing ways that new media art deals with various forms of dysfunction. Art educators at many levels can learn much about how digital technologies can be used to make art by studying how digital technologies fail.
Voters of Populist Parties and Support for Reforms of Representative Democracy in Belgium
Authors: van Dijk Lisa , Legein Thomas , Pilet Jean-Benoit , Marien Sofie 
Published: November 2020

Voters of Populist Parties and Support for Reforms of Representative Democracy in Belgium
Recently, studies have burgeoned on the link between populism and demands for democratic reforms. In particular, scholars have been debating the link between populist citizens or voters and support for referendums. In this article, we examine voters of populist parties (Vlaams Belang (VB) and Parti du Travail de Belgique-Partij van de Arbeid (PTB-PVDA)) in Belgium in 2019 and we look at their attitudes towards various types of democratic reforms. We find that voters of populist parties differ from the non-populist electorate in their support for different kinds of reforms of representative democracy. Voters of VB and PTB-PVDA have in common stronger demands for limiting politicians’ prerogatives, for introducing binding referendums and for participatory budgeting. While Vlaams Belang voters are not significantly different from the non-populist electorate on advisory referendums, citizens’ forums or technocratic reform, PVDA-PTB voters seem more enthusiastic.