bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determination of the Herbicide Tordon (4-Amino-3,5,6- trichloropicolinic Acid) in Soil by Electron Capture Gas Chromatography
Authors: Saha J G , Gadallah L A 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A method is presented for determining the herbicide tordon (4-amino-3,5,6-trichIoropicolinic acid) in soil. It involves extraction of tordon as the free acid with acetone and phosphoric acid, followed by esterification with diazomethane and estimation of the methyl ester by electron capture gas chromatography. Recoveries of tordon added to soil samples at 0.05—1.0 ppm were between 83 and 92%. The minimum amount detectable by this method was 0.01 ppm. The difficulties of developing an analytical method for this compound are discussed in the light of its structure and solubility
Separation and Spectrophotometric Determination of Acetylcarbromal and Bromisovalum
Authors: Look James M 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The only official methods for the brominated acylurea group of sedative and hypnotic drugs are nonspecific determinations of total bromine. In the proposed method, acetylcarbromal and bromisovalum are separated on a Celite:HCl (2 + 1) column. Acetylcarbromal is eluted with heptane-carbon tetrachloride (1 + 1), and bromisovalum is eluted with chloroform. After evaporation, the residues are dissolved in carbon tetrachloride and chloroform, respectively, and quantitatively measured by infrared spectrophotometry. Recoveries of simple mixtures by this procedure were acetylcarbromal, 95.8 ± 1.1%, and bromisovalum, 97.0, ± 0.02%. It is recommended that the method be studied collaboratively
Collaborative Study of a Gas Chromatographic Method for Phenothiazine in Drugs
Authors: Bramlett C L 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A rapid and specific gas chromatographic method for phenothiazine in microgram amounts has been developed and studied collaboralively. The phenothiazine is extracted from a ground sample with chloroform. An internal standard, promethazine hydrochloridc, is added to the extract and to a chloroform solution of phenothiazine standard. Both solutions are diluted and aliquots are chromatographed on a 4' column of Gas Chrom Q with a 5% coating of Apiezon L. Collaborative results, based on 18 separate analyses of each sample, were 38.2 ± 1.2% (38.2% added), and 42.2 ± 1.2% (43.1% added)
Relation Between Refractive Index, Specific Gravity, and Total Solids of Tomato Juice, Puree, and Paste
Authors: Lamb Frank C 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Total solids by drying, refractive index, and specific gravity were determined on about 375 commercial samples of tomato juice, puree, and paste. Refractive index was determined with and without dilution of tomato paste; pectic enzymes were used to aid filtration and centrifugation. A new specific gravity bottle was used. The new AOAC method for total solids was compared with the former AOAC method on 115 samples. Variations from previous tables relating refractive index and total solids were of little significance up to 20% solids but were increasingly greater as solids increased above 20%. Data obtained in these studies showed lower values for total solids than the old tables in most instances. Separate regression equations had to be calculated for the solids content of the diluted and undiluted samples. Total solids by the official AOAC method was the most precise of the methods used. However, specific gravity and refractive index were both found to have satisfactory degrees of precision
Determination of Moisture in Dried Vegetables
Authors: Rader Bobby R 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The determination of moisture in dried vegetables by a near-infrared speclrophotoraetric method, a Karl Fischer method, and a vacuum oven method was submitted to additional collaborative study. Results by the 3 methods showed good precision and agreement. The near-infrared and the Karl Fischer methods extract the moisture from the dried vegetables into dimethylformamide (DMF). In the near-infrared method the absorbance of the DMF solution is measured at 1.92 μ and compared to a standard curve. In the Karl Fischer method an aliquot of the DMF solution is added to formamide and titrated with the Karl Fischer reagent. The Karl Fischer and near-infrared methods are more specific than the vacuum oven method and can be used for a greater variety of samples. Both the Karl Fischer and near-infrared methods are recommended for adoption as official, first action.
Identification of Plant Material by Its Phenolic Content
Authors: Duggan M Bonner 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Methods have been developed to extract and chroniatograph phenolic constituents of Mains sylvestris and Pyrus communis fruits. Differences in the occurrence of flavonoid compounds between the two fruits and between pulp and peel in a given fruit were compared; the flavonol glycosides most conveniently demonstrated the differences. Five major and three minor flavonol glycosides from Stayman apples and two major and two minor ones from Packingham pears were separated by thin layer chromatograpliy. All of the major and some of the minor compounds were also described by ultraviolet absorbance spectra. Studies show that fruits can be distinguished on the basis of chromatographic patterns of the flavonol glycosides and that the results can be confirmed by their ultraviolet absorbance spectra
Assay for Vitamin C: A Collaborative Study
Authors: Deutsch Mike J 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A collaborative study was conducted to evaluate the mierofluorometric assay for vitamin C. Comparative assays for vitamin C were made, using a modified 2,6-dichloroindophenol assay and the 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine method. Results by the fluorometric method were good. Both the mierofluorometric assay and the modified 39.040 method were recommended for adoption as official, first action.
Collaborative Study of a Method For The Determination of Caffeine in Nonalcoholic Beverages
Authors: Johnson Arthur R 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A spectrochromatographic procedure for the determination of caffeine based upon modifications of the original Levine procedure was subjected to a collaborative study. Recoveries were generally better than 90%. The results indicate that the method is accurate for the determination of caffeine in nonalcoholic beverages. It is recommended that the method be adopted as official, first action.
Detection of Chick Edema Factor in Fats and Fatty Acids by Electron Capture Gas Chromatography
Authors: Higginbotham G R , Firestone David , Chavez Linda , Campbell A D 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
An electron capture gas chromatographic screening test has been developed for detecting chick edema factor in fats and fatty acids. The procedure involves extraction of unsaponifiables from 10 g fat, alumina column chromatography of the unsaponifiables, sulfuric acid cleanup of the third alumina fraction (25% ethyl ether in petroleum ether), and electron capture gas chromatography at 200°C. Gas chromatographic peaks with retention times vs. aldrin between 10 and 25 are indicative of thepresence of chick edema factor. The screening test has been evaluated by two collaborative studies, and results indicate that the method is suitable as a screening test for chick edema factor.
A Comprehensive Nitrogen Method
Authors: Gehrke Charles W , Ussary James P , Perrin Carrol H , Rexroad Paul R , Spangler William L 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A single comprehensive nitrogen method applicable to all fertilizers and to all forms of fertilizer nitrogen has been developed. The method utilizes untreated chromium metal powder in an acid medium to reduce nitrates. It quantitatively reduced nitrates alone, nitrates in the presence of organic matter, and nitrates in samples with high C1"/N03_ratios. Quantitative results were obtained with both solid and liquid fertilizer samples and with highly refractory organic samples. When subjected to the ruggedness test of Youden the method was "rugged."
Determination of 4(4-Chloro-2-suIfo-5-toIylazo)-l-naphthol in
D&C Red Nos. 8 and 9
Authors: Stein Charles 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A procedure is described for determining small amounts of 4(4-chIoro-2-suIfo-5-tolylazo)- l-naphthol in D&C Red Nos. 8 and 9. The subsidiary color is separated from D&C Red Nos. 8 and 9 by precipitation and extraction under controlled conditions of alkalinity and salt concentration, and is measured spectrophotometrically. Samples containing up to 1.5% of the subsidiary color can be determined by this procedure. Recoveries of 0.5 to 1.5% added color ranged from 80 to 94%
Selective Residue Determination of Sulfur-, Halogen-, and
Phosphorus-Containing Pesticides by Helium-Plasma
Emission Spectrometry
Authors: Bache Carl A , Lisk Donald J 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
An intense microwave-powered helium plasma was previously found to effectively excite sensitive atomic emission in sulfur, bromine, chlorine, iodine, and phosphorus in organic pesticides and drugs. In the work reported, helium-plasma emission spectrometry coupled with gas chromatography has been applied to a wide range of samples for analysis of pesticide residues. Monitoring atomic line emission provides sensitive, selective detection of sub-nanogram quantities of these major heteroelements in crops containing organic pesticides
Determination of Glycerol in Cosmetics by GLC. II. Collaborative Study
Authors: Gross Frederick C 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The results of the collaborative study of the GLC method for glycerol in cosmetics show that the conditions originally specified must be modified. Some lots of the SAIB column packing bleed excessively at the specified temperature (200°C). Further work indicates that this difficulty can be eliminated by operating the SAIB column at 170-180 °C
High Resolution Infrared Spectra of Some Naturally Occurring Sesquiterpene Hydrocarbons
Authors: Wenninger John A , Yates Ronald L , Dolinsky Meyer 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
High resolution infrared spectra in the region from 4000 to 300 cm- 1 are presented for 36 sesquiterpene hydrocarbons. The compounds were isolated from commercial essential oils and purified by gas chromatographic techniques. The gas chromatographic retention times relative to isodurene as an internal standard and the five strongest infrared hands in the 1250— 300 cm- 1 region are also tabulated
Separation and Identification of Minor Alkaloids of
Strychnos nux vomica
Authors: Marini-BettÓlo G B , Monache F Delle , Brovetto A Gelabert de , Corio E 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The various alkaloids of Strychnos nux vomica L. are separated and identified by the use of silica gel or alumina columns and/or thin layer plates. The groups correspond to these three: strychnine, pseudostrychnine, and icajine. Alkaloidal composition of the column chromatographic eluates and Rf values for the various TLC solvent systems are given.
Studies on the AOAC Tuberculocidal Test
Authors: Heister D , Shaffer C H , Hill M , Ortenzio L F 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
In vitro studies of the official, final action tuberculocidal test with ethyl and isopropyl alcohols confirmed previous results by the in vivo challenge procedures on naturally occurring infectious strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Simulated use studies on sputum from 12 patients with active cases of pulmonary tuberculosis indicate that the end point in this method will provide a reasonably accurate index of tuberculocidal effectiveness in actual use
Determination of sec-Butylamine Residues in Fruit
Authors: Day E W , Holzer F J , Tepe J B , Eckert J W , Kolbezen M J 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
sec-Butylamine residues in certain fruit can be analyzed as follows: The amine is distilled from the tissue, reacted with 1- fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, and determined by gas chromatography with an electron affinity detector. Dimethylamine interferes but can be separated from sec-butylamine by thin layer chromatography prior to the final measurement. Of 65 pesticides studied, only ferbam, thiram, and ziram, which produce dimethylamine upon hydrolysis, interfere to any degree with the determination
Detection and Differentiation of Cod Meat Substituted for Crabmeat in Frozen Crab Products
Authors: Freeman C C 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Adulteration of frozen crab products with cod meat can be detected by macroscopic examination. Cod meat, when held in the path of a focused beam of light, forms a brilliant display of colored patterns whereas crabmeat does not. Cooking does not affect this phenomenon. Preliminary investigation indicates that fish, in general, possess the same refractive ability as cod to form the color patterns, whereas shellfish, in general, like crab, do not.
Method for the Extraction of Extraneous Materials from Ground Cinnamon
Authors: Roaf Andree , Brickey Paris M 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A new method has been developed for the extraction of extraneous materials from ground cinnamon. In the method, hydrochloric acid is used to disperse gel formations, wet sieving is used to eliminate the dispersed gel, and a percolator replaces a trap flask to separate the extraneous material from cinnamon tissue. Collaborative results were good, and the method is recommended for adoption as official, first action.
Rapid Method for the Extraction of Light Filth from Peanut Butter
Authors: Gecan John S , Brickey Paris M 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A method has been developed for the extraction of light filth from peanut butter. The new method eliminates the petroleum ether and chloroform treatments in 36.021 and the pancreatin digestion in 36.022. Results are comparable to the official methods, and analysis time is reduced by one-half. The method is recommended for adoption as official, first action.
Polarographic Determination of Fumaric Acid in Foods
Authors: Taylor James E , Blomquist V H 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The previously reported polarographic method for determining fumaric acid in foods has been revised and subjected to collaborative study. Interferences from naturally occurring substances were kept to a minimum by using a 25.00 g sample of juices. Seven types of samples were sent to collaborators: grape jelly (0.10% added fumaric acid) and apple, lemon, orange, pineapple, sauerkraut, and tomato juices with 0.05, 0.10, and 0.50% added fumaric acid. Analysis at the 0.05 and 0.10% levels indicated a 95 % confidence limit of ± 0.003 about the means 0.05 and 0.10, respectively, while results from the 0.50% level indicated ± 0.01 about its mean of 0.48. It is recommended that the method be adopted as official, first action.
Analysis for Aflatoxin M in Milk
Authors: Masri M S , Page J R , Garcia V C 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Various extraction techniques were tried for the analysis of aflatoxin M in dried milk. Waring Blendor extractions with methanol containing varying concentrations of water were compared. The use of 2 0% water in methanol and defatting of the filtered extract with low boiling petroleum ether are recommended. The partitioning of aflatoxin M between chloroform and aqueous methanol extracts was tested, using different concentrations of water in methanol for the upper phase, and different volume ratios of upper to lower phases. In these partition experiments attention was paid to completeness of extraction of aflatoxin M and the amount of residue in the chloroform extracts. The use of water:methanol ( 1 : 1 , v/v) for the upper phase and three chloroform extractions, each equal to ½ the volume of the upper phase, are recommended. Certain cleanup procedures of the chloroform extracts (wash and column cleanup) were suitable for estimation of aflatoxin M (M1 plus M2, if present) after thin layer chromatography.
Survey of Green Coffee for Potential Aflatoxin Contamination
Authors: Levi Collete P , Borker Emanuel 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A method for the detection and estimation of aflatoxin B1 in green coffee beans is described. According to the AOAC method, the toxin is extracted with aqueous methanol: hexane and the extract is cleaned up on a Celite column. The extract is further purified on a Florisil column and is then chromatographed on thin layer plates. The estimated limit of detection of the method is 2 μg aflatoxin/kg green coffee. About 75% aflatoxin B1 added to green coffee was recovered. The method was used in a survey of suspect samples of green coffee. No aflatoxin was detected in 58 samples originating in 10 producing countries. Preliminary studies with a new extraction solvent (dimethyl sulfoxide:benzene, 30:50) and a Florisil cleanup appear promising. About 85% aflatoxin B1 added to green coffee was recovered.
Colorimetric Determination of Benzocaine in Drugs
Authors: Myrick James W 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A colorimetric determination of benzocaine by a modified Bratton-Marshall procedure has been developed for ear drops in water-soluble bases, suppositories in water-soluble bases, and throat lozenges. The method is applicable to concentrations normally found with these materials and does not require extensive cleanup. Other primary aryl amines, alkali iodides, and antipyrine in concentrations over 10 times the benzocaine content interfere in the method. Collaborative results indicate recoveries averaging 98.4—99.4% with standard deviations of 2.12-2.40%. It is recommended that the method be adopted as official, first action.
Collaborative Study of a Method for the Determination of Antipyrine and Benzocaine in Glycerol and Propylene Glycol Bases
Authors: Krause Richard T 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A method for antipyrine and benzocaine, This Journal 50, 685-688 (1967), was studied by ten collaborators on five simulated commercial preparations at levels of 49—54 mg antipyrine/ml and 10—51 mg benzocaine/ml. The antipyrine and benzocaine are separated by column partition chromatography: antipyrine is retained on a ferric chloride column, and benzocaine is retained on a hydrochloric acid column. Maximum absorbances are determined on chloroform eluates at 272 and 283 mμ for antipyrine and benzocaine, respectively. Infrared spectra of the residues are determined in potassium bromide for identification of the drugs. The average recovery for antipyrine was 99.3 ± 1.80%, and for benzocaine, 99.0 ± 1 . 6 0 % . Infrared spectra submitted by collaborators corresponded to the reference standards and showed no interfering peaks. The method, with a slight change in the preparation of the standard solutions, is recommended for adoption as official, first action.
Oscillopolarographic Determination of Parathion, Paraoxon, and p-Nitrophenol in Fortified Canned Peaches Following Thin Layer Chromatography
Authors: Hearth Fred E , Ott Daniel E , Gunther Francis A 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A procedure combining thin layer chromatography and oscillopolarography has been developed for the separation and microdetermination of parathion, paraoxon, and p-nitrophenol in admixture as residues in fortified canned peach extractives. The use of anthracene as an internal standard for aiding in the location of these compounds on TLC plates is proposed and discussed. This method responds to about 0.5 ppm each for the three compounds with a starting sample of 10 g peaches. While the oscillopolarograph is a very precise instrument, the precision obtainable from the total method is TLC dependent.
Determination of Sugar in Plant Materials: Measurement of Unreduced Copper by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry
Authors: Potter A L , Ducay E D , Mccready R M 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
An atomic absorption spectrophotometer was used for the quantitative analysis of reducing sugars by determining unreduced copper. Copper reduced in alkaline solution by sugar forms insoluble Cu2O. The Cu20 was centrifuged from the solution, and the unreduced copper in solution was measured with an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The concentration of sugar present in test solutions was determined from a working curve prepared from known amounts of sugar.
Spectrophotometric Determination of Raceophenidol in Feed at Very Low Levels
Authors: Pratt Edward L , Auerbach Morris E 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Raceophenidol in feed at concentration levels intended for growth promotion of poultry can be estimated by a curvature inversion measurement related to the ultraviolet spectrum of derived p-methylsulfonylbenzaldehyde. The drug can be accurately measured at the 0.0005% level. Collaborative studies on the method showed an average value of 94 ± 10% of claim. The method is recommended for adoption as official, first action.
Collaborative Study of the Analysis of Molasses and Molasses Products
Authors: Katesitis Boris 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A collaborative study was conducted to investigate the methods of sampling and sample preparation of food and feed grade liquid and dried molasses in relation to sugar analysis. The effects of the sample size and solution treatment with EDTA and potassium oxalate were investigated. Lane- Eynon standard and constant volume methods were used to determine invert sugar and total sugar as invert. Results of analyses by collaborators were in good agreement. The various treatments studied did not affect the precision of the analysis. The methods are recommended for adoption as official, first action.
Collaborative Study for Fluorine in Feeds
Authors: Ritchie George D 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A method for determining fluorine in feeds was studied collaboratively. The sample is ashed with saturated magnesium acetate as a fixative, and the fluoride ion is isolated by the Willard-Winter distillation. The fluoride concentration of the distillate is measvired spectrophotometrically at 570 imt by its bleaching effect on zirconyl- SPADNS dye reagent. Nine collaborators participated in the study on three commercial feed samples containing fluorine levels of 0.006, 0.012, and 0.055% and a National Bureau of Standards phosphate rock sample containing 3.4% fluorine. Because of the lack of precision and the large standard deviations, it is recommended that the study be continued.
Collaborative Study of Minerals in Feeds by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry
Authors: Heckman Mary 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Eleven laboratories collaboratively studied the analysis of feeds for zinc, manganese, iron, and copper by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Five feeds and one mineral mixture were analyzed. The feed samples were prepared by both dry ashing and wet digestion. Samples were analyzed chemically for manganese and iron. Results indicate the method is suitable for zinc, manganese, and iron. Further work is needed on the determination of copper. The method for atomic absorption analysis of feeds for calcium and magnesium (recommended too late for action in 1966) and the method for zinc, manganese, and iron are recommended for adoption as official, first action.
Estimation of Arecoline: A Rapid Distillation Method
Authors: Nambudiri E Sankaran 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The extraction procedure for estimation of arecoline in areca nut is lengthy and not suitable for routine use. A method, based on the steam volatility of arecoline, has been standardized; it is simple and rapid for routine estimation of arecoline in areca nuts and arecoline hydrobromide in drugs and gives maximum and consistent recovery.