bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Artificial miRNAs targeting CAG repeat expansion in ORFs cause rapid deadenylation and translation inhibition of mutant transcripts
Authors: Ciesiolka Adam , Stroynowska-Czerwinska Anna , Joachimiak Paweł , Ciolak Agata , Kozlowska Emilia , Michalak Michal , Dabrowska Magdalena , Olejniczak Marta , Raczynska Katarzyna D. , Zielinska Dominika , Wozna-Wysocka Magdalena , Krzyzosiak Wlodzimierz J. , Fiszer Agnieszka 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPolyglutamine (polyQ) diseases are incurable neurological disorders caused by CAG repeat expansion in the open reading frames (ORFs) of specific genes. This type of mutation in the HTT gene is responsible for Huntington’s disease (HD). CAG repeat-targeting artificial miRNAs (art-miRNAs) were shown as attractive therapeutic approach for polyQ disorders as they caused allele-selective decrease in the level of mutant proteins. Here, using polyQ disease models, we aimed to demonstrate how miRNA-based gene expression regulation is dependent on target sequence features. We show that the silencing efficiency and selectivity of art-miRNAs is influenced by the localization of the CAG repeat tract within transcript and the specific sequence context. Furthermore, we aimed to reveal the events leading to downregulation of mutant polyQ proteins and found very rapid activation of translational repression and HTT transcript deadenylation. Slicer-activity of AGO2 was dispensable in this process, as determined in AGO2 knockout cells generated with CRISPR-Cas9 technology. We also showed highly allele-selective downregulation of huntingtin in human HD neural progenitors (NPs). Taken together, art-miRNA activity may serve as a model of the cooperative activity and targeting of ORF regions by endogenous miRNAs.
Condition monitoring of hydraulic cylinder seals using acoustic emissions
Authors: Shanbhag Vignesh V. , Meyer Thomas J. J. , Caspers Leo W. , Schlanbusch Rune 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn recent years, there has been a growing concern for fluid spill from hydraulic cylinders in the offshore oil and gas industry. To diagnose the leakage from hydraulic cylinders, there have been attempts made in literature using fluid and pressure-based condition monitoring techniques. However, there have been limited attempts to monitor leakage from hydraulic cylinders using acoustic emissions. Therefore, in this paper, an attempt has been made to understand the fluid leakage in the hydraulic cylinder based on acoustic emissions. An experimental study was performed using a test rig (with a water-glycol as hydraulic fluid) which closely replicates the operation of a hydraulic cylinder. As piston rod seal failure is the foremost cause for leakage, experiments were performed using unworn, semi-worn, and worn piston rod seals. For each seal condition, experiments were performed for five strokes at pressure conditions of 10, 20, 30, and 40 bar. In this study, the continuous acoustic emission signal was observed for each hydraulic cylinder stroke. Acoustic emission data was analysed using different techniques such as time domain, frequency domain, and time-frequency technique. By using acoustic emission features such as root mean square (RMS), peak, skewness, median frequency, and mean frequency, it was possible to identify and separate non-leakage and leakage conditions in the test rig. By using AE bandpower and power spectral density features, it is also possible to identify the leakage due to semi-worn seal and worn seal in the test rig. This study lays a strong basis to develop a real-time monitoring technique based on acoustic emissions to monitor the health of piston rod seals used in the hydraulic cylinder in the offshore industry.
Psychology in management accounting and control research: an overview of the recent literature
Authors: Wibbeke Lisa-Marie , Lachmann Maik 
Published: July 2020

AbstractFor decades, management accounting and control (MAC) researchers have employed a diverse set of source disciplines to predict and examine behavior, and psychology is among the most frequently drawn upon. Although the literature confirms that psychological theories are highly relevant to MAC research, the existing knowledge on this field remains fragmented. Given this background, we examine recent MAC research through a systematic review of the different subfields of psychology to investigate the development of this stream of research. To do so, we collect 125 relevant articles from nine leading accounting journals between 2000 and 2019 and analyze their contents. On this basis, we provide a detailed overview of the use of psychological theories in recent literature and identify links between specific theories and MAC topics. We find that the quantity and proportion of psychology-based MAC research and the diversity of psychology subfields all increase during our investigation period, especially between 2015 and the first half of 2019. Overall, most studies address performance measurement and evaluation topics, and social psychology concepts are the most frequently applied. However, we find considerable differences in the application of psychological theories across different MAC topics. Our review provides insights into the content of this research stream and, thus, serves as a valuable source for researchers seeking an overview of previous investigations drawing on different subfields of psychology.
Sweat chloride assay by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry: a confirmation test for cystic fibrosis diagnosis
Authors: Marvelli Antonella , Campi Beatrice , Mergni Gianfranco , Di Cicco Maria Elisa , Turini Paola , Scardina Paolo , Zucchi Riccardo , Pifferi Massimo , Taccetti Giovanni , Paolicchi Aldo , la Marca Giancarlo , Saba Alessandro 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe current guidelines for sweat chloride analysis identify the procedures for sweat collection, but not for chloride assay, which is usually performed by methods originally not aiming at the low concentrations of chloride found in sweat. To overcome this limitation, we set up, characterized, and adopted an original inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) method for sweat chloride determination, which was designed for its easy use in a clinical laboratory. The method was linear in the range 8.5E−3 to 272.0E−3 mM, precision exhibited a relative standard deviation < 6%, and accuracy was in the range 99.7–103.8%. Limit of blank, limit of detection, and limit of quantitation were 2.1 mM, 3.2 mM, and 7.0 mM, respectively, which correspond to real concentrations injected into the mass spectrometer of 3.9E−3 mM for LOD and 8.5E−3 mM for LOQ. At first, the method was tested on 50 healthy volunteers who exhibited a mean chloride concentration of 15.7 mM (25–75th percentile 10.1–19.3 mM, range 2.8–37.4 mM); then, it was used to investigate two patients with suspected cystic fibrosis, who exhibited sweat chloride values of 65.6 mM and 81.2 mM, respectively. Moreover, the method was cross-validated by assaying 50 samples with chloride concentration values in the range 10–131 mM, by both ICP-MS and coulometric titration, which is the technology officially used in Tuscany for cystic fibrosis newborn screening. The reference analytical performances and the relatively low cost of ICP-MS, accompanied by the advantageous cost of a single sweat chloride assay, make this technology the best candidate to provide a top reference method for the quantification of chloride in sweat. The method that we propose was optimized and validated for sweat samples ≥ 75 mg, which is the minimum amount requested by the international protocols. However, the method sensitivity and, in addition, the possibility to reduce the sample dilution factor, make possible the quantification of chloride even in samples weighting < 75 mg that are discarded according to the current guidelines.
The Knowledge and Value Basis of Private Forest Management in Sweden: Actual Knowledge, Confidence, and Value Priorities
Authors: Eriksson Louise , Fries Clas 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWith growing demands on forests, there is a need to understand the drivers of managing the forest for diverse objectives, such as production, recreation, and climate adaptation. The aim of this study was to examine the knowledge and value basis of forest management behaviors, including different management strategies and management inactivity, among private forest owners in Sweden. Different dimensions of knowledge (declarative and procedural knowledge, assessed in terms of objective and subjective knowledge measures) and value priorities (basic values and forest values), as well as the role of forest owner identity, were examined. The study was conducted by means of a postal questionnaire to a random sample of private forest owners in Sweden (n = 3000, response rate 43%). The distinctions between actual knowledge (objective knowledge), confidence (subjective knowledge), and value priorities, in addition to the hierarchical structure of how these factors are linked to management behaviors, proved to be valuable. Results revealed that different knowledge dimensions and value priorities were jointly important for forest management behaviors. In addition, the role of forest owner identity for management behaviors was confirmed. Insights from the study may be used to develop policy and outreach to private forest owners and thereby facilitate different forest functions in private forestry.
Surgical Management of Primary Small Bowel NET Presenting Acutely with Obstruction or Perforation
Authors: Rajaretnam N. S. , Meyer‐Rochow G. Y. ,   The Commonwealth Neuroendocrine Tumor Research Collaborative (CommNETs) Surgical Section, Hallett Julie , Law Calvin , Pasieka Janice , Koea Jonathan , Meyer‐Rochow Goswin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractUp to 35% of small bowel neuroendocrine tumors (SBNETs) may present with an acute intra‐abdominal complication including obstruction, perforation, bleeding or ischemia and may require emergency surgical treatment in centers not normally accustomed to managing patients with neuroendocrine tumors. These patients may have a known diagnosis of SBNET, be suspected as suffering from SBNET or have SBNET diagnosed as an incidental finding on presenting radiology or postoperative pathology. Perioperative priorities include obtaining both clinical and radiological staging with cross‐sectional imaging and clinical examination, screening for the presence of carcinoid syndrome and right‐sided cardiac disease and assessment of prognosis. Intraoperatively careful attention should be paid to noting the presence and location of multifocal primary and metastatic disease. Ideally, surgical resection with mesenteric lymph node dissection is the treatment of choice for obstructing and perforating lesions. Extended lymphadenectomy along the SMA, SMV and behind the pancreas should be primarily considered an elective procedure. In unwell patients with advanced disease surgical bypass (jejuno or ileocolic) or proximal defunctioning should be undertaken but, given the excellent long‐term survivals in patients with stage IV disease, could be considered bridging procedures to elective resection following formal staging and multidisciplinary review.
The multi-mode resource investment problem: a benchmark library and a computational study of lower and upper bounds
Authors: Gerhards Patrick 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe multi-mode resource investment problem (MRIP) is the multi-mode extension of the resource investment problem, which is also known under the name resource availability cost problem. It is a project scheduling problem with a given due date as well as precedence and resource constraints. The goal is to find a precedence feasible schedule that minimises the resource costs of the allocated resources. To compute these costs, the maximum resource peak is considered regarding renewable resource types, whereas the sum of allocated nonrenewable resource units is used in the case of nonrenewable resources. Many practical and complex project scheduling settings can be modelled with this type of problem. Especially with the usage of different processing modes, time and cost compromises can be utilised by the project manager. In the literature, some procedures for the MRIP have been investigated; however, the computational experiments in these studies have not been carried out on common benchmark instances. This makes a fair comparison of methods difficult. Therefore, we generated novel instances specifically designed for this problem and published them on the website https://riplib.hsu-hh.de. On this website, the instances as well as best-known solution values are available and researchers can also contribute their findings. We investigate these novel instances by proposing and evaluating lower bounds for the MRIP. Additionally, we analyse the proposed instances by applying heuristic as well as exact methods. These experiments suggest that most of the instances are challenging and further research is needed. Finally, we show some computational complexity properties of the NP-hard MRIP.
Learning wavelet coefficients for face super-resolution
Authors: Ying Liu , Dinghua Sun , Fuping Wang , Pang Lim Keng , Kiang Chiew Tuan , Yi Lai 
Published: July 2020

AbstractFace image super-resolution imaging is an important technology which can be utilized in crime scene investigations and public security. Modern CNN-based super-resolution produces excellent results in terms of peak signal-to-noise ratio and the structural similarity index (SSIM). However, perceptual quality is generally poor, and the details of the facial features are lost. To overcome this problem, we propose a novel deep neural network to predict the super-resolution wavelet coefficients in order to obtain clearer facial images. Firstly, this paper uses prior knowledge of face images to manually emphases relevant facial features with more attention. Then, a linear low-rank convolution in the network is used. Finally, image edge features from canny detector are applied to enhance super-resolution images during training. The experimental results show that the proposed method can achieve competitive PSNR and SSIM and produces images with much higher perceptual quality.
Ballistic protective properties of material representative of English civil war buff-coats and clothing
Authors: May Brian , Critchley Richard , Carr Debra , Peare Alan , Dowen Keith 
Published: July 2020

AbstractOne type of clothing system used in the English Civil War, more common amongst cavalrymen than infantrymen, was the linen shirt, wool waistcoat and buff-coat. Ballistic testing was conducted to estimate the velocity at which 50% of 12-bore lead spherical projectiles (V50) would be expected to perforate this clothing system when mounted on gelatine (a tissue simulant used in wound ballistic studies). An estimated six-shot V50 for the clothing system was calculated as 102 m/s. The distance at which the projectile would have decelerated from the muzzle of the weapon to this velocity in free flight was triple the recognised effective range of weapons of the era suggesting that the clothing system would provide limited protection for the wearer. The estimated V50 was also compared with recorded bounce-and-roll data; this suggested that the clothing system could provide some protection to the wearer from ricochets. Finally, potential wounding behind the clothing system was investigated; the results compared favourably with seventeenth century medical writings.
Interactive tool to create adjustable anatomical atlases for mouse brain imaging
Authors: Sack Markus , Zheng Lei , Gass Natalia , Ende Gabriele , Sartorius Alexander , Weber-Fahr Wolfgang 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Objective
Brain atlases are important research tools enabling researchers to focus their investigations on specific anatomically defined brain regions and are used in many MRI applications, e.g. in fMRI, morphometry, whole brain spectroscopy, et cetera. Despite their extensive use and numerous versions they usually consist of predefined rigid brain regions with a given level of detail often degrading them to a non-ideal tool in special research topics.

Result
To overcome this intrinsic weakness we present a graphical user interface application which allows researchers to easily create mouse brain atlases with an adjustable user-defined level of detail and coverage to match specific research questions.
Sarcoma of the breast: breast cancer history as etiologic and prognostic factor—A population-based case–control study
Authors: Karlsson Fredrik , Granath Fredrik , Smedby Karin E. , Zedenius Jan , Bränström Robert , Nilsson Inga-Lena 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Sarcomas of the breast account for about 1% of all breast malignancies. The aim of this national survey was to explore etiologic and prognostic factors.

Methods
Utilizing national Swedish registers, all patients registered with mesenchymal tumors in the breast during the period 1993–2013 (n = 344) were identified and compared to up to ten age and gender matched controls. Cancer history was retrieved for cases and controls. Conditional Poisson regression models were used for calculation of odds ratios.

Results
Previous breast cancer was overrepresented among patients with angiosarcoma. The highest risk occurred ≥ 5 years after treatment for breast cancer (OR 73.9, 95% confidence interval, CI, 25.4–215; P < 0.001). An increase in incidence of angiosarcoma was observed during the study period (1.10, 95% CI 1.05–1.16; P < 0.001). The overall incidence of breast sarcoma increased from 1.52 to 2.04 cases per million per year. Angiosarcoma of the breast was associated with a significant excess mortality compared to age-matched controls (HR 4.65, 95% CI 3.01–7.19; P < 0.001).

Conclusions
Angiosarcoma increased in incidence and displayed a more severe clinical course, with significantly shorter survival. The strong association between a history of breast cancer 5 years or more prior to the diagnosis of angiosarcoma points to radiotherapy as a contributing factor.
Effect of aeration, iron and arsenic concentrations, and groundwater matrix on arsenic removal using laboratory sand filtration
Authors: Coles Cynthia A. , Rohail Danial 
Published: July 2020

AbstractNatural groundwater from the towns of Wabana and Freshwater and treated well water from the town of Wabana in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada were tested separately and together in sand columns to study the removal of arsenic. The most ideal conditions for arsenic removal appeared to include an arsenic concentration of approximately 35 µg/L and lower, an Fe:As mass ratio in the order of 65 and lower, and aeration of the sand media. Active aeration by pumping air though the filter, passive aeration by scraping off top layers of sand and virtual aeration by diluting the strength of the water being treated, were employed and compared. For tests where groundwater from the towns of Wabana and Freshwater was combined, arsenic removal was optimized and other elements, in addition to iron, were also correlated with effluent arsenic. Further, for these same tests there was a gradual increase in effluent pH that could have been due to oxygen depletion or gradually more reducing conditions in the sand column. Where Ni, Mn and Zn were correlated with effluent arsenic it was concluded that the increase in pH increased heavy metal removal and arsenic release. In the test where the treated Wabana water made up a greater proportion of the mix than the Wabana groundwater, lithium was also correlated with arsenic.
Corona and value change. The role of social media and emotional contagion
Authors: Steinert Steffen 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPeople share their emotions on social media and evidence suggests that in times of crisis people are especially motivated to post emotional content. The current Coronavirus pandemic is such a crisis. The online sharing of emotional content during the Coronavirus crisis may contribute to societal value change. Emotion sharing via social media could lead to emotional contagion which in turn could facilitate an emotional climate in a society. In turn, the emotional climate of a society can influence society’s value structure. The emotions that spread in the current Coronavirus crisis are predominantly negative, which could result in a negative emotional climate. Based on the dynamic relations of values to each other and the way that emotions relate to values, a negative emotional climate can contribute to societal value change towards values related to security preservation and threat avoidance. As a consequence, a negative emotional climate and the shift in values could lead to a change in political attitudes that has implications for rights, freedom, privacy and moral progress. Considering the impact of social media in terms of emotional contagion and a longer-lasting value change is an important perspective in thinking about the ethical long-term impact of social media technology.
Making the (Business) Case for Clinical Ethics Support in the UK
Authors: Machin L. L. , Wilkinson Mark 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis paper provides a series of reflections on making the case to senior leaders for the introduction of clinical ethics support services within a UK hospital Trust at a time when clinical ethics committees are dwindling in the UK. The paper provides key considerations for those building a (business) case for clinical ethics support within hospitals by drawing upon published academic literature, and key reports from governmental and professional bodies. We also include extracts from documents relating to, and annual reports of, existing clinical ethics support within UK hospitals, as well as extracts from our own proposal submitted to the Trust Board. We aim for this paper to support other ethicists and/or health care staff contemplating introducing clinical ethics support into hospitals, to facilitate the process of making the case for clinical ethics support, and to contribute to the key debates in the literature around clinical ethics support. We conclude that there is a real need for investment in clinical ethics in the UK in order to build the evidence base required to support the wider introduction of clinical ethics support into UK hospitals. Furthermore, our perceptions of the purpose of, and perceived needs met through, clinical ethics support needs to shift to one of hospitals investing in their staff. Finally, we raise concerns over the optional nature of clinical ethics support available to practitioners within UK hospitals.