bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mixture of clay and telethong as environmental friendly binder
Authors: Ruswandono  , Paing J , Andaryati  
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This research was inspired by the phenomenon of local wisdom that has existed in the archipelago. In Bali using cow manure as stucco for finishing their walls. In the village of Teraseng, Menganti - Gresik Regency uses the waste as a cover for the walls of their houses from woven bamboo. In the village of Sade - Mataram, Lombok Island, a mixture of cow dung waste (telethong) has been used as stucco on the floor of the house. This paper examines to the extent that scientific evidence can be made of existing local wisdom. The combination of silicate-rich clay and telethong has been tested on mortar specimen. Sample mortar was physically and mechanically tested at 3, 7, 14 and 28 days. The results of the trials showed that the binding material produced by a combination of clay and telethong was still below the PC cement sample strength which was used as a control variable. In combination of clay and telethong, compressive test results show that the greater the telethong level, the lower the compressive strength produced. The test sample with a percentage of 25% gives the maximum results with ratio of 6% of the PC cement sample value as the control variable.
Repair of reinforced concrete beam by adding external reinforcement
Authors: Dewi S M , Susanti L , Triyuliani N I , Saputra A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The negligence in construction are usually due to error in replace or calculation of required reinforcement. The mistake known after construction and must be corrected as soon as possible. Some actions should be taken namely, add some pretension, augmented the beam size, use the FRP, and add some external reinforcement. Studies on rehabilitation and retrofitting are gaining importance due to the need for restoration of partially damaged structures due to wind load and earthquake. To prevent any disaster during the future earthquakes, the existing deficient buildings need to be retrofitted. The external tension reinforcement added when the flexural beam capacity inadequate, and the stirrups added when the shear beam capacity inadequate. The adding with external reinforcement also done after some tensile failure or cracks in the beam. In this case some damage of concrete must being consider in reducing stiffness and strength. The objective of this research is studied about the adding of external tensile reinforcement and stirrups after tensile failure and explore the influence of those action to the beam and then compared the strength, stiffness, ductility and crack pattern of beams before and after retrofit. The specimens were 12 original beam, and 12 retrofitted beam. The original beams have dimensions of 15 cm x 15 cm x 100cm, the tensile reinforcement were 4ф6 and compression reinforcement 2ф6. The stirrups were ф6-200 along the beam. Retrofit strategies were adding bottom tensile reinforcement 2ф6 and 3ф6, and adding stirrups ф6-60 in the shear span. The experiment shown the increase of beam ultimate load after retrofitting, but decrease the ductility and stiffness of the beam. The pattern of cracks also changed between original and retrofitted beam.
The effect of copper-based catalytic converter with circular tube shape on exhaust emission of Yamaha Vixion 1PA
Authors: Shoffan I A N , Sumarli S , Nauri I M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Indonesia is one of the countries with the third highest air pollution in the world. The biggest contributor air pollution is produced by motorbikes by 60-70%. One the causes of increased exhaust emission is widespread use absorptive exhaust that designed without catalytic converter. The aims of this research is to determine the effect of copper-based catalytic converter with circular tube shape on exhaust emission of Yamaha Vixion 1PA. This study used an experimental research design. The objective of this research is copper catalyst with circular tube shape model. The research instrument used the gas analyzer HG-510 as a test tool for data collection of exhaust emission. Data analysis using inferential statistical techniques paired sample T test through the SPSS 24 statistical analysis application. The results showed that the addition of copper catalytic converter with a circular tube shape model can reduce CO exhaust emission by 16.67%, whereas for exhaust emission HC can be reduced by 32.54%.
The analysis of alpha parameter on Nakayasu Synthetic Unit Hydrograph in Timor Island watersheds
Authors: Krisnayanti D S , Bolla M E , Nasjono J K , Wangge M J M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Benenain and Noelmina river are rivers on Timor Island which have large watershed area. With a large watershed area, it is necessary to observe and calculate the peak flood discharge deeply. One of the methods used for calculate the peak flood discharge Nakayasu Synthetic Unit. In calculating the peak flood discharge with Nakayasu Synthetic Unit Hydrographic Parameters difficulties often encountered in determining the accuracy of the α (alpha) value coefficient. To calculate the α (alpha) value coefficient required data in the form of area and length of river. The results of analysis using software IBM SPSS version 23 the (alpha) value coefficient on Timor Island can be obtained using equation α = 2,461. (L)−0,417. (A)0,214 so that the α (alpha) value for each watershed varies depending on the size of the watershed and the length of the river. Thus, with the confidence level of the results of the analysis is 95% and the coefficient of determination (R2) is 0.826 then the watershed area and river length give an influence of 82.60% on the value of α (alpha) obtained.
The strength properties of high calcium fly ash geopolymer specimens incorporating mud-volcanic and limestone variations
Authors: Wardhono A , Risdianto Y , Sofianto M F , Nur M T , Pradipta A H 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The use of mud-volcanic and fly ash as cement replacement materials is one alternative solution to overcome environmental issues due to the mudflow disaster and polution from cement production process. This paper objective is to identify the use of mud-volcanic and class C fly ash with high calcium content as waste materials in the development of fly ash geopolymer incorporating limestone. The variations of limestone to fly ash are 0.10:0.60, 0.2:0.5, 0.30:0.40, 0.40:0.30, and 0.50:0.20, respectively. The mud-volcanic ratio was kept at 0.30 to maintain the total weight of specimen at 1.00. The compressive strength was performed at 7, 14 and 28 days age, and the specimens were cured at ambient temperature. The depth penetration test was performed by vicat test. The results show that the highest strength value of 16.38 MPa was achieved by fly ash/mud-volcanic geopolymer with ratio of limestone to fly ash of 0.30:0.40. The initial setting time of 90 minutes indicates that the early reaction of fly ash/mud-volcanic geopolymer shows a comparable setting time to the normal concrete with initial setting time of 45 minutes. These results indicate that fly ash and mud-volcanic can be used as cement replacement materials.
The effect of reinforcement bridging on the elastic fracture energy of concrete
Authors: Patty A H 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Failure of structures may be analyzed based on strength criterion or fracture mechanics criterion. Strength criterion deals with material resistance beyond the critical conditions such as yield, and ultimate strength. In fracture mechanics the critical condition is defined by toughness which can be stress intensity factor (K) or fracture energy (G). This study explores the critical point during loading up to the limit of elasticity based on linear elastic fracture mechanics – LEFM. However, nonlinearity frequently appears due to the existence of a relatively large fracture process zone – FPZ located at the crack-tip. The assumption of LEFM in quasi – brittle material such as concrete is therefore limited to large size structures only. The well-known approach to obtain the fracture energy Gf for infinite large structures is size effect law – SEL. Gf is defined as the specific energy, i. e. energy per unit crack plane area. This is elastic energy which is linear. To answer a question whether reinforcement affect the elastic fracture energy, a research was conducted following the principles of work-of-fracture – WOR using the RILEM Specification Test Method. Three-point-bend beam specimens were made of normal concrete, subjected to monotonic load P, until they failed. P–u relationship prevails the real work. The elastic fracture energy based on WOR that is

G

F
−
e
l

R

was found by divided the area under P–u curve of elastic range with ligament. The result is,

G

F
−
e
l

R

equal to 397.87 N/m for beam A1 (bending failure l/h=5.5), 133.6 N/m for beam B1 (Shear failure, l/h=5.0). 101.93 N/m for beam B2 (shear failure, l/h=5.0), 153.75 N/m for beam B3 (shear failure, l/h=5.0). The greater value

G

F
−
e
l

R

comparing to Gf implies that reinforcement affect significantly the elastic fracture energy.
Pervious low-calcium fly ash geopolymer concrete using gap-graded limestone coarse aggregates in ambient curing
Authors: Simatupang P H , Adu M A J , Sadukh Y M I , Jonbi  
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This paper describes the research of pervious geopolymer concrete using limestone from Timor Island in Indonesia as coarse aggregate. No sand was used to make this pervious geopolymer concrete. Two types of crushed limestone aggregates used were coral limestone (organic limestone) and limestone (calcilutite). Abrasion losses of the aggregates using Los Angeles Machine test were 18.9% for limestone (calcilutite) and 34.98% for coral limestone. Those aggregates had many characteristics such as 10-20 mm of diameter length, angular shapes and apparent specific density 2.74-2.75. The mass ratios of aggregate to geopolymer paste were varied from 2.86 to 6.91. To make the geopolymer paste, it was used Class F or Low-Calcium Fly Ash from Bolok-Kupang Coal Fired Power Plant as a rich silica-alumina of precursor material. Meanwhile, the mass ratio of natrium silicate solution to natrium hydroxide solution 10 M was 1.0 and the mass ratio of fly ash to alkaline solution was 2.0. Ambient curing was applied to all specimens. Mechanical characteristics obtained at the age of 28 days of hardened pervious geopolymer concrete were: (1) compression strength, (2) splitting tensile strength, and (3) abrasion losses using Los Angeles Machine Test. Besides, density of hardened specimens were also obtained. In addition, the comparisons of mechanical properties of pervious geopolymer concretes using coral limestone and limestone (calcilutite) as coarse aggregate were also conducted. According to the results of this research, it is feasible to make pervious geopolymer concrete using Timor limestone as coarse aggregate due to its mechanical characteristics.
Experimental study of precast concrete beam-to-column connection under sustained loading
Authors: Noorhidana V A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The long-term behaviour of an exterior precast concrete beam-column (PCBC) connection has been investigated in this study. The connection consists of a precast U-beam, precast column with corbel, and interlocking bars to connect the precast column and precast beam. The specimen was tested under sustained loading for 120days. The crack propagation, the development of strain and the deflection of the beam was observed throughout the test. The results show that the PCBC connection behaved in similar manner to correctly designed conventional reinforced concrete members under long-term loading. Flexural cracks occurred within the plastic hinge region of the beam. No cracks occurred in the joint core and column. The long-term behaviour of the PCBC connection was influenced by shrinkage and creep. The significant increase of deflection occurred in the first 15 days of testing, which is 37% of the total long-term deflection. The experimental long-term deflection has bigger value than the theoretical deflection evaluated using ACI 318-08.
Risk study on supply chain management in construction (Case study: Building projects in Indonesia)
Authors: Nurdiana A , Sholeh M N 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The concept of supply chain in construction is very influential on the improvement of projects performance. In outlining the problems in the supply chain, it need to be identified the risks therein related to the smoothness of the supply chain process. Risk is an event / uncertainty condition, when it happens may lead to positive or negative impact [1]. The purpose of this study are to determine the identification of risks on supply chain in construction projects, analyze the risks, and analyze the response of risks. Primary data obtained through a questionnaire and interview methods. Data processing method that used in this research were Promethee method for risk analysis, and descriptive statistical methods at risk response. From this research, it is known that the identification of risks at supply chain in construction projects can be seen from the potential failure of achievement of Key Performance Indicators in Supply Chain Management (SCM). From risk analysis with Promethee method, it is known that the highest risk in SCM is the change of price from sub-contractors. Based on the analysis for risk response, it is known that the contractor has developed mitigation measures to risk response.
Experimental analysis on the performance of concrete beam due to the effect of knitted bamboo reinforcement ratio
Authors: Setyowulan D , Nuralinah D , Arifi E , Prasetyo F D 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Bamboo is an abundant material in Indonesia which has been previously studied as a construction material and reinforcement. The performance of concrete beam with knitted bamboo reinforcement are studied, especially on the flexural strength and crack behaviour. Three concrete beams with the dimension of 15 x 25 x 160 cm and three slices of bamboo in each knit are investigated. The outer skin surface of this knit is soaked NaOH with sikadur and sand as coating material. The results found that the flexural strength of concrete beam for the first and second model was 3.56 MPa and 6.15 MPa, respectively. Pure bending crack occurred on all concrete beam models.
The dominant factor causing potential evapotranspiration in Malang raya using geographic information systems
Authors: Rahayuningsih T , Idfi G , Anindyasari A , Sukriyadi  
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The water resources management in Malang Raya is very important, because this area still has a lot of agricultural land. Agricultural land needs evapotranspiration maps. By now, there has been no research on the dominant determinant of the value of potential evapotranspiration in the Malang Raya area. Therefore research on the main factors that determine the value of potential evapotranspiration is needed. Purpose research: 1). Discovering the irrigation area that has the lowest and highest potential evapotranspiration value in Malang Raya; 2). Determine the dominant factors that affect the potential evapotranspiration value of irrigation areas in Malang Raya. The method to predict and calculate the amount of Potential Evapotranspiration (ETo) is Penman Method. The main determinants of potential evapotranspiration are mapped using Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Determination of the dominant factors that influence potential evapotranspiration was tested using SPSS. Conclusion: 1). The lowest potential evapotranspiration value were in Blimbing and Kedungkandang Districts from 3.46 to 3.61 mm / day. While, the biggest values were in Batu and Junrejo Districts with values of 6.32 to 6.33 mm / day; 2). The dominant factor affecting the potential evapotranspiration value is the air humidity (RH) factor of 46.4%.
The addition of lamella in anaerobic baffled reactor used for decentralized municipal wastewater treatment
Authors: Yulistyorini A , Yuaniar M C , Mujiyono M , Suryoputro N , Sukarni S 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAn anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) represents a low-cost system for decentralized wastewater treatment in a developing country. Despite the advantages of ABR units such as low operating and maintenance costs, this system requires sufficient land to construct it. In particular of an urban area, land availability is limited and therefore acquire modification in ABR design. This study aimed to test the addition of lamella for further reduction of solids particle in domestic wastewater, and therefore it could reduce the size of ABR settler. A lab-scale of an ABR lamella with a dimension of 75 cm length, 20 cm width, and 40 cm height used in the experiment. A 20 L/d of raw municipal wastewater taken from the existing ABR in Kampong Bareng, Malang (Indonesia) used to feed the lab-scale of the ABR lamella. The experiment was conducted in two months and the sample of raw and treated wastewater collected from the ABR lamella for ten times from September to October 2018. The samples were taken from the inlet, lamella compartment, and the outlet. The results showed that the addition of lamella reduced the concentration of TSS and BOD for 95% and 90% respectively. While these results could help further reduction of organic and solids particle of wastewater that meet the treated wastewater regulation. The concentration of TSS and BOD as treated wastewater were 19 mg/L and 18 mg/L respectively. Although the ABR could reduce the nutrient concentration, the level still higher than the global standard for N and P.
The evaluation of green performance of Miftahul Huda Islamic boarding school, Malang
Authors: Sari A A , Winahyo A E , Ariestadi D , Alfianto Imam 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Green building is believed to be one of the solutions to resolve the problem of the world’s climate change and energy crisis. The commitment of the government of Indonesia in increasing the number of green building has resulted in some regulation related to green certification that should be achieved by new buildings and also existing building in Indonesia. This research intends to evaluate the green performance of Miftahul Huda Islamic boarding school based on Greenship Existing Building version 1.1 developed by Green Building Council of Indonesia. It was found that the green performance of Miftahul Huda Islamic boarding school still needs to be optimized further. The main factor to be the cause is the lack of commitment of the board managerial of Miftahul Huda Islamic boarding school in achieving optimum performance of the green building criteria.
Comparison of the resistance to cavitation and abrasive wear of deposited layers prepared from steels 06X19H9T and Fe-Cr-Ti-Al
Authors: Alwan H L , Korobov Yu S , Bessonov N O , Smolentsev M S , Lezhnin N V , Razikov N M , Razikov M N 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The resistance of deposited layers to cavitation erosion and abrasive wear was evaluated for the steels AISI 321 (known as 06X19H9T manufactured according to the Russian standard GOST 18143-72) and Fe-Cr-Ti-Al (two materials namely Ural AS-3 and PPM-6). The Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW or TIG) process was utilized to deposit these welding material wires onto a medium carbon steel substrate AISI 1040. Cavitation test was conducted by using ultrasonic vibratory method to induce the erosion. In addition, a three-body abrasion test was used to evaluate the resistance of the studied materials to abrasive wear. The material loss criterion and wear rate of each material as a function to testing time were evaluated and discussed. The cavitation and abrasive wear tests have shown similar results regarding the PPM-6 steel. Among the tested material, PPM-6 exhibited the better resistance to cavitation and abrasion. The 06X19H9T stainless steel exhibited a higher resistance to cavitation comparing with the Ural AS-3. With respect to the abrasive wear, Ural AS-3 was to some degree better than the 06X19H9T in resistance to abrasion.
Behavior of a welded-deposited stainless steel tested at different cavitation test conditions
Authors: Alwan H L , Korobov Yu S , Soboleva N N , Lezhnin N V , Makarov A V , Deviatiarov M S , Elkind D M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Two different ultrasonic vibratory-cavitation test conditions have been applied to a welded-deposited austenitic stainless steel AISI 321 to evaluate the resistance of deposited layer to cavitation erosion-corrosion. The cavitation test was conducted utilizing two test fluids; water and 3.5% NaCl solution. In addition, a certain voltage difference has been applied between the test specimen and water to form a combination effect. The welding wire of the AISI 321 stainless steel was deposited onto AISI 1040 steel substrate by using tungsten inert gas welding process. To evaluate and compare the behavior of the deposited material, the cumulative mass loss curves were attained and discussed. Moreover, the surface topography and scanning electron microscope (SEM) micrographs were utilized to characterize the worn surface after the cavitation tests. The results showed that the surface subjected to cavitation was more affected when applying water-voltage condition comparing with the 3.5% NaCl solution condition. The results of material loss, surface roughness and scanning electron microscope are fairly consistent with each other. This study highlights the effect of electrochemical-mechanical combinations on resistance to cavitation erosion-corrosion.
The issue of quality assurance of materials in additive manufacturing of metal products
Authors: Burov V , Ogneva T , Dul’beeva O 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article addresses the quality issues of additive manufactured products from the perspective of materials science. Additive manufacturing is multilayered step-by-step deposition of a material in micro-volumes following the trajectory controlled by a CNC program. Such heating sources as electric arc, laser, plasma and electron beam can be used to melt the metallic powder. This article investigates the structure and properties of titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V ELI produced by selective laser melting (SLM). The samples were produced in pure argon environment in a system with a 3D printer EOS M290 (Electro Optical System GmbH, Germany) and then heat-treated in vacuum at 750…800 °C during 3 hours. It was revealed that the main structural defects reducing mechanical properties of material are pores and stress concentrators in the points of contact between titanium alloy particles and the newly built surface of the previous layer. The ways aimed to avoid the structural defects which reduce fracture toughness were suggested.
Features of sustainable localization of deformation zones forming in construction steels welded joints
Authors: Danilov V I , Ababkov N V , Ozhiganov E A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The paper discusses the features of elastic-plastic transition in welded joints of Mn- Si steel samples made by stationary arc welding consumable electrodes to assess the possibility of exploitation of such compounds after the stress tests. In welded joints made by a stationary arc, the elastoplastic transition is realized by initiating the Chernov-Lüders band in the weld metal, followed by the formation of moving fronts in heat-affected zones. Local internal stresses in the heat-affected zones of welded joints made by a stationary arc are at the level of the material strength, therefore, the generation of the Chernov-Lüders bands occurs as relaxation processes.