bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lightweight global adaptive feature enhancement network for underwater object detection with sonar image
Authors: Li Dahua , Qu Dakai , Li Xuan , Li Lei , Gao Qiang , Yu Xiao 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Sonar target detection is widely used in various underwater detection tasks. However, sonar images often lack target information and blurry features because of the interference of seabed environmental noise and complex background information. This poses significant challenges for sonar target detection tasks. A new lightweight Global Adaptive Feature Enhancement Network (GAFE-Net) is proposed to enhance the ability to acquire target information and effectively suppress background information. This network utilizes lightweight convolutional calculations and adaptive feature extraction blocks with global feature extraction capabilities to capture multi-scale semantic features of sonar images. Specifically, GhostConv is used to maintain local feature extraction capability while reducing computation complexity. The adaptive feature extraction block (C2FC) is employed to capture deep semantic features. The partial self-attention (PSA) mechanism is adopted to enhance the capability of focusing on targets. The Slim-neck is deployed for fusing multi-scale information. Validation on the public sonar image dataset URPC2021 shows that, compared to other advanced sonar target detection algorithms, the proposed method improves accuracy while maintaining low computational complexity, demonstrating excellent performance.
Dynamic reinforcement identification method for weak links in distribution network based on deep graph neural network
Authors: Jin Qiang , Zhang Yu , Li Hongjun , Shi Jinyue , Zhao Yuchen 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Aiming at the insufficient recognition accuracy of weak points in the distribution network, a dynamic enhancement recognition method for weak nodes in the distribution network based on a deep graph neural network is proposed. It integrates the complex topology of the distribution network, automatically extracts key features, and accurately locates and reinforces weak links in real time. The results show that the recognition accuracy and system stability are significantly improved.
Staged optimization of distributed new energy multi-scale source network load storage system
Authors: Liu Cheng , Zhao Peng , Tang Zhaofeng , Tang Zhaoxuan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Renewable capacity drives the development of distributed new capacity systems, and its multi-scale characteristics challenge system optimization. Therefore, this article conducts a phased optimization study on the distributed new capacity multi-scale source grid load storage system, aiming to improve the overall operational efficiency and flexibility of the capacity system to meet the needs of capacity transformation and low-carbon development. An optimization model is developed and solved using a differential evolution algorithm to reduce capacity loss, improve output and capacity storage efficiency, increase revenue, and achieve efficient, stable, and sustainable operation of the system.
Simulation of obstacle avoidance planning based on improved RRTstar robotic arm
Authors: Zhang Hongrui , Ge Hailong , Li Jin , Sun Jiabin , Dong Xuefu 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
An obstacle avoidance pathfinding strategy with an augmented RRT* algorithm was presented for the robotic arm’s operation. A simulation model of the robotic arm was created. The Monte Carlo method was employed to solve its workspace. To mitigate the weaknesses of the RRT* algorithm, such as slow convergence and poor orientation, the algorithm was improved by combining gravitational and repulsive force fields from the artificial potential field method with a dynamic step size strategy. Simulation experiments were carried out using MATLAB. The results showed that the revised algorithm lessened the path search time by 52.1% and the path search length by 9.1% as opposed to the original RRT* algorithm. The experiments were verified in the ROS backdrop. The proposed algorithm was found to be more advantageous for robotic arm obstacle avoidance.
Road cooling in tropical environments: microclimate modelling of pavement cooling scenarios using ENVI-met
Authors: Nurrahma Sa’ida , Rahman Taqia 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Urban Heat Islands (UHIs) have exacerbated temperature differences between cities and their surrounding areas, leading to heightened heat-related challenges such as reduced thermal comfort, health issues, increased building energy consumption, and environmental degradation. Considering that road and parking pavement typically occupy 30% of urban areas, exploring cooling technologies for this infrastructure is imperative. This study uses ENVI-met microclimate modelling software to evaluate the impact of pavement surface albedo on temperatures and thermal comfort in a tropical urban area. The model, validated against microclimate data, explored cooling scenarios using cool pavement technologies such as light-coloured aggregate, white-topping, super heat reflective coating, and passive radiative cooling coating, compared with uncoated black asphalt. Higher albedo values were found to reduce surface and air temperatures but increase Physiological Equivalent Temperature (PET), indicating reduced thermal comfort. An albedo increases from 0.06 to 0.8 can reduce surface temperature by up to 25.3°C and air temperature by up to 3°C. The increase in PET is likely due to reflected radiation being absorbed by road users and nearby buildings. This highlights the need for retro-reflective coatings to mitigate local heating effects. In this study, strategies to mitigate UHIs were proposed. While super-reflective coatings are effective in reducing temperatures, they may decrease thermal comfort due to higher PET values. However, this negative impact can potentially be mitigated using retro-reflective technologies.
The Behavior of Pile Foundation in Liquefiable and non-Liquefiable Soil Layers Considering Soil-Pile-Structure Interaction
Authors: Simatupang Minson , Mustika Wayan , Talanipa Romy , Basri Bayu Faturrahman , Santila  
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Liquefaction has emerged as a primary cause of damage to civil engineering structures in seismically active places. Deep foundation damage from liquefaction can be quite damaging. The seismic behavior of pile foundations immersed in the earth under seismic loads is presented in this work. Bending moments, shear forces, and lateral displacements along the pile’s depth before and after liquefaction have been compared. The soil, pile, and structure interaction was analyzed using SAP2000 finite element (FE) software. The inertial load from superstructure vibrations on piles embedded in the soil layer was calculated using three-dimensional (3D) finite element (FE) modeling. The study examined the effects of multiple factors on the pile response, including the seismic parameters and soil conditions around the pile. According to the research findings, in proportion to the increase in seismic parameters and the transition from non-liquefaction to liquefaction of the surrounding soil, piles experience an increase in internal forces.
Evaluation of Bogor Station area based on Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) principles
Authors: Pradana Muhammad Zaki , Sutoyo  , Sudibyo Tri , Pasupunuri Sampath Kumar 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Modern urban transportation requires modern approach in its planning for sustainability. Bogor Station is one of the mobility centres in Bogor City, supported by land use for trade, business services, government, and education, making it suitable for transit-oriented development (TOD). TOD is an urban development approach that has been widely recognised to emphasises on sustainability. The TOD Standard scoring system by Institute for Transportation and Development Policy (ITDP) consists of eight principles of walk, cycling, connect, transit, mix, densify, compact and shift. With the help of Geographic Information System (GIS) analysis method as a novel approach in this study, the standard has been successfully applied to classify the study area in the TOD ratings. The study started with georeferencing the study location, digitization process to transform the analog into digital spatial data, and network analysis of the obtained data based on TOD Standard principles. The study scores obtained from each principle are 6, 1, 6, fulfil prerequisite, 18, 0, 10, and 15 points respectively; with a total score of 56 points resulting in a bronze standard rating. Improvement recommendations to raise the rating to silver standard include improving pedestrian and cycling facilities, increasing the number of pedestrian-friendly intersections, and reducing off-street parking.
Defect-induced doping and chemisorption of O2 in Se deficient GaSe monolayers
Authors: Bradford Jonathan , Rahman Kazi , Felton James , Cheng Tin S , Shiffa Mustaqeem , Beton Peter H , Saywell Alex , Greenaway Mark T , Novikov Sergei V , O’Shea James N , Patanè Amalia 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Owing to their atomically thin nature, structural defects in two-dimensional materials often play a dominating role in their electronic and optical properties. Here, we grow epitaxial GaSe monolayers on graphene/SiC by molecular beam epitaxy and characterise the layers by in situ scanning tunnelling microscopy and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy extracted from k-resolved photoemission electron microscopy mapping. We identify an electric dipole at the GaSe/graphene interface, with electrons accumulating on the GaSe, that cannot be compensated by p-type doping through the creation of defects formed by annealing in ultrahigh vacuum. Additionally, we demonstrate that both as-grown and defective GaSe layers are remarkably resilient to oxidation in a pure O2 environment, and chemisorption of O2 molecules on the surface can effectively electronically neutralise the doping in the layer. This work demonstrates the robust interlayer interaction in the GaSe/graphene van der Waals heterostructure and the role of defects on the doping for nanoelectronics.
Design and simulation of a simple greenhouse solar dryer and peltier thermoelectric module under independent and combined operating conditions
Authors: GokulRaj A , Padma S , Mohan R 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
India is a suitable country for cultivating several food produce, and most of them are seasonal. To make the food produce available in off seasons and to increase their shelf life there is vital need for food processing. Rapid urbanization has imposed a great demand for food due to very less availability of fresh food produce. There is a huge wastage in the food produce as the cultivation land is located far from the end user and time delay due to transportation. There are several food processing methods of which dehydration and cooling play a major role. A simple solar greenhouse dryer and Peltier thermoelectric cooling was designed and studied using COMSOL and EJS tool. The performance study integrating both systems was analysed and reported. The models were considered to work solely on solar energy. Solar thermal energy for dehydration and solar photo voltaic for operating the Peltier device. Studies on performance of the designed systems were carried out along with scope for performance improvement. The simulation studies revealed a 1.439 °C increase in drying chamber temperature by integrating the heat parameter of the Peltier thermoelectric cooler. At 40 K temperature difference the Peltier thermo electric module attained optimal performance. From the analysis using EJS tool, the maximum and average air temperatures inside the dryer were found to be 65 °C and 57 °C, the COP and cooling capacity of the Peltier thermoelectric model were high at 800 W/m2 solar radiation.
Occupational infections in brickmakers: a neglected public health concern
Authors: Barajas-Ochoa Aldo 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Recent studies highlight brickmaking’s environmental and biological impacts, ranging from environmental pollution to toxic exposures in brickmakers and residents of neighboring areas. However, the risk of infections associated with brickmaking is widely understudied. In low- and middle-income countries worldwide, the brickmaking industry often belongs to the informal labor sector. Many of the millions of individuals in the industry belong to disenfranchised groups affected by adverse determinants of health. Manual brickmaking is precarious and exposes workers to infectious risks, yet this field remains understudied. This manuscript aims to raise awareness of these infectious risks and calls for comprehensive research to understand and mitigate them.
Angiogenin-catalyzed cleavage within tRNA anticodon-loops identified by cP-RNA-seq
Authors: Shigematsu Megumi , Matsubara Ryuma , Gumas Justin , Kawamura Takuya , Kirino Yohei 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Angiogenin (Ang), an endoribonuclease belonging to the RNase A superfamily, cleaves the anticodon-loops of tRNAs to produce tRNA-half molecules. Although previous studies have demonstrated the involvement of Ang in the pathobiology of neurodegenerative disorders, the characterization of Ang-generated tRNA halves in neuronal cells remains limited. This is partly due to the technical limitations of standard RNA-seq methods, which cannot capture Ang-generated RNAs containing a 2′,3′-cyclic phosphate (cP). In this report, we established an Ang-treatment model using SH-SY5Y, a human neuroblastoma cell line, and demonstrated Ang-dependent accumulation of tRNA halves. By performing cP-RNA-seq, which selectively captures cP-containing RNAs, we identified Ang-generated tRNA halves and the specific cleavage positions within tRNA anticodon-loops responsible for their generation. Our results provide insights into the anticodon-loop cleavage and the selective production of a specific subset of tRNA halves by Ang.
Experimental induction of anti-muscarinic type-3-receptor extracellular loop antibodies by immunization with 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal modified Ro60 and unmodified Ro60
Authors: Kurien Biji T , Dave Devavrat , Tsaliki Martha , Quadri Syed M S , Lewis Valerie M , Scofield Robert Hal 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objective
Sjögren’s Disease (SjD) subjects have decreased lacrimal/salivary gland function. Studies have proposed that autoantibodies targeting G-protein-coupled muscarinic acetylcholine-type-3-receptor (M3R) are potential clinical markers for SjD. We hypothesized that rabbits/mice immunized with 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE)-modified/unmodified Ro60 will develop an autoimmunity, specifically a SjD phenotype, thus expressing increased levels of anti-M3R antibodies.

Methods
We immunized two rabbits each with 10 mM HNE-modified Ro60/unmodified Ro60 antigen or Ro274-290/Ro413-428/Ro500-517 Ro60 peptides. Two rabbits each were immunized with either M3R second extracellular loop (ECL2) or M3R ECL3 peptide. Finally, five groups of BALB/c mice were immunized as follows—Group-I immunized with Ro60, Groups-II—IV immunized with Ro60 modified with 0.4 mM (low), 2 mM (medium), and 10 mM (high) HNE, respectively and Group-V—Freund’s adjuvant. Serum antibodies to M3R ECL2/ECL3/Ro60/La or Sm were detected by ELISA. Functional assays were also performed.

Results
Immunization with HNE-modified Ro60/unmodified Ro60 antigen or Ro274/Ro 413/Ro500 peptides induced a rapid intermolecular epitope spreading to M3R ECL2/ECL3, especially to M3R ECL3 in HNE-Ro immunized rabbits. These animals did not bind to scrambled M3R peptides. Ro60-immunized rabbit IgG inhibited M3R activity in a functional assay. Rabbits immunized with ECL2/ECL3 developed high reactivity to Ro60 but not against Sm/RNP. We found a differential antibody-induction against M3R ECL2 with Group-3 mice developing significant reactivity.

Conclusion
Our data show induction of increasing anti-M3R antibodies in rabbits immunized with Ro60/HNE-Ro60 or Ro60 peptides and differential induction of these antibodies in mice immunized with Ro60 modified with increasing HNE. These findings suggest that M3R ECL2/ECL3 are involved in SjD autoimmunity progression.
Olfactory function is reduced in a subset of former elite American football players with traumatic encephalopathy syndrome
Authors: Braunecker Ben J , Groh Jenna R , Adler Charles H , Alosco Michael L , Dodick David W , Tripodis Yorghos , Balcer Laura J , Bernick Charles , Banks Sarah J , Barr William B , Wethe Jennifer V , Palmisano Joseph N , Martin Brett , Hartlage Kaitlin , Cantu Robert C , Geda Yonas E , Katz Douglas I , Mez Jesse , Cummings Jeffery L , Shenton Martha E , Reiman Eric M , Stern Robert A 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Former American football players are at risk for developing traumatic encephalopathy syndrome (TES), the clinical disorder associated with neuropathologically diagnosed chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). The objective of this study was to determine whether hyposmia is present in traumatic encephalopathy syndrome. The study included 119 former professional American football players, 60 former college football players, and 58 same-age asymptomatic unexposed men from the DIAGNOSE CTE Research Project. All subjects included in the analysis had completed the Brief Smell Identification Test (B-SIT). Traumatic encephalopathy syndrome and the level of CTE certainty were diagnosed using the 2021 NINDS consensus diagnostic criteria. TES is categorized antemortem by provisional levels of increasing CTE certainty: Suggestive, Possible, and Probable. Former players who had traumatic encephalopathy syndrome and Probable CTE had lower B-SIT scores than those with TES and Suggestive CTE. Hyposmia was more likely in the former players with TES who were either CTE Possible or Probable than in those who did not have TES or had TES but were less likely to have CTE, or CTE Suggestive. There was no difference in B-SIT scores between all former players versus unexposed men nor overall between the football players with and without TES. We conclude that lower B-SIT scores may be a clinical biomarker for underlying CTE in former American football players.
The Effects of Prescribed Medications on Depressive Symptoms and Neurocognitive Performance in People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
Authors: Kamkwalala Asante R , Matthews Avery , Garg Ankita , Roy Upal , Ma Qing , Karris Maile , Sundermann Erin , Ellis Ronald J , Riggs Patricia K , Trunfio Mattia , Blanchard Jennifer , Moore David J , Rubin Leah H , Letendre Scott L 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Alterations in brain function and structure, such as depression and neurocognitive impairment, continue to occur in people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV, PWH) taking suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART). The lifespan of PWH has improved but the healthspan remains worse than people without HIV, in part because of aging-related diseases. As a result, polypharmacy is common and increases the risk of drug-drug interactions and adverse reactions.

Methods
This cross-sectional project investigated the relationship between 7 medication-related metrics (including anticholinergic burden), depressive symptoms, and neurocognitive performance in 491 PWH at a single center in the United States. All participants were taking ART and had plasma HIV RNA ≤ 200 copies/mL.

Results
Participants had taken ART for a mean of 6.5 years, and most (57.6%) had CD4+ T-cells &gt;500/µL. All 7 medication-related metrics were associated with worse global neurocognitive performance (P value &lt;.0001 to .0087). Multivariable models confirmed that higher anticholinergic burden (P = .040) and use of benzodiazepines (P = .033), antidepressants (P = .0011), and more total medications (P = .059) were associated with more depressive symptoms (model P &lt; .0001). Use of benzodiazepines (P = .0024) and opiates (P = .043) along with higher anticholinergic burden (P = .066) were also associated with worse neurocognitive performance. Benzodiazepine use was associated with worse performance in all domains and opiate use was associated with worse performance in processing speed, motor function, executive function, and working memory.

Conclusions
Use of benzodiazepines, opiates, and anticholinergic drugs contribute to cognitive and mood disorders in PWH. When possible, modifying or deprescribing medications may be beneficial.
Toward Evidence-based Recommendations for Laboratory Monitoring for Adolescents and Adults on Antiretroviral Therapy
Authors: Burman William J , Hawkins Kellie L 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We reviewed prominent national and international guidelines to compare recommendations for laboratory monitoring for persons on antiretroviral therapy. The United States Department of Health and Human Services guidelines recommend more frequent CD4 count, viral load, hematologic, renal, and liver tests than other guidelines. To evaluate the evidence base for these recommendations, we reviewed phase 3 trials of currently recommended antiretroviral regimens and large cohort studies. Cohort studies have consistently shown that persons with sustained viral suppression have stable or increasing CD cell counts, so it is not clear how continued CD4 count monitoring contributes to clinical care. Long-term safety data from trials and observational cohorts show little evidence to support hematologic, hepatic, or renal monitoring (apart from persons on tenofovir disoproxil fumarate). It is time to use the available data from clinical trials and cohort studies to develop evidence-based recommendations for laboratory monitoring tests for persons with viral suppression.
Leases as Subdivisions of Land: A Comparative Analysis of Singapore, New South Wales, and British Columbia
Authors: Ti Seng Wei Edward , Peh Pearlie 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
A lease is created by carving out a smaller estate from a larger estate, while a subdivision of land is often synonymous with a physical partition. However, where the term of a lease exceeds certain statutorily prescribed periods of time, the demise may amount to a subdivision of land, even without physical partitioning or tangible changes to the land. This article seeks primarily to clarify doubts surrounding when temporal subdivision of this nature occurs, given the amendments to the Land Titles Act 1993 following the Singapore Court of Appeal’s pronouncements in Golden Village Multiplex Pte Ltd v Marina Centre Holdings Pte. This involves an analysis of matters cutting across property law principles, land registration, and planning law. Additionally, this article compares the subdivision framework in New South Wales, Australia, and British Columbia, Canada, with Singapore, exploring how the compared jurisdictions treat the underlying lease where there is a lack of subdivision permission in situations so requiring.