bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Liquid Fungal Cocultivation as a Strategy to Access Bioactive Metabolites
Authors: Silva Airton Damasceno , Ambrozin Alessandra Regina Pepe , de Camargo Ana Flávia S. , Cruz Felipe De Paula Nogueira , Ferreira Leonardo Luiz Gomes , Krogh Renata , Silva Taynara Lopes , Camargo Ilana Lopes Baratella da Cunha , Andricopulo Adriano Defini , Vieira Paulo Cezar 
Published: July 2020

AbstractFungi are a rich source of bioactive compounds. Fungal cocultivation is a method of potentiating chemical interactions and, consequently, increasing bioactive molecule production. In this study, we evaluated the bactericidal, antiprotozoal, and cathepsin V inhibition activities of extracts from axenic cultures of 6 fungi (Fusarium guttiforme, Pestalotiopsis diospyri, Phoma caricae-papayae, Colletotrichum horii, Phytophthora palmivora, and C. gloeosporioides) that infest tropical fruits and 57 extracts obtained by their cocultivation. Our results reveal that fungal cocultivation enhances the biological activity of the samples, since all extracts that were active on Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, Trypanosoma cruzi, and Leishmania infantum were obtained from cocultivation. Bacterial growth is either totally or partially inhibited by 46% of the extracts. Two extracts containing mainly fusaric and 9,10-dehydrofusaric acids were
particularly active. The presence of the fungus F. guttiforme in co-cultures that give rise to extracts with the highest activities against L. infantum. An axenic culture gave rise to the most active extract for the inhibition of cathepsin V; however, other coculture extracts also exhibited activity toward this biological target. Therefore, the results of the biological activities indicate that fungal cocultivation increased the biological potential of samples, likely due to the hostile and competitive environment that pushes microorganisms to produce substances important for defense and allows access to metabolic routes then silenced in milder cultivation conditions.
Meta-Analysis on the Association of C-Reactive Protein Polymorphisms with Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Sharafi Seyedeh Maryam , Mahdavi Manijeh , Riahi Roya , Kheirollahi Majid , Kelishadi Roya 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPolymorphisms in the C-reactive protein (CRP) genes might have crucial role in the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS). In the current comprehensive meta-analyses, we aim to provide a quantitative assessment of the association between CRP single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and the risk of MetS. An electronic search was performed on several databases. After data extraction, random effect model was used to calculate the pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Four independent studies including case–control, cohort, and cross-sectional methods were analyzed. Our meta-analysis indicated that CRP polymorphisms are not significantly associated with MetS (OR = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.77–1.10) with significant heterogeneity (I
2 = 55.4%; p-value = 0.008). The subgroup analysis revealed that only GG has significant association with MetS (OR = 0.32, 95% CI = 0.13–0.80, p-value = 0.015) without significant heterogeneity (I
2 = 0%, p-value > 0.05). In conclusion, this meta-analysis provides strong evidence that only some SNPs of CRP gene are associated with the risk for development of MetS; and this relationship does not exist in different ethnic populations.
Isoform-specific regulation of HCN4 channels by a family of endoplasmic reticulum proteins
Authors: Peters Colin H. , Myers Mallory E. , Juchno Julie , Haimbaugh Charlie , Bichraoui Hicham , Du Yanmei , Bankston John R. , Walker Lori A. , Proenza Catherine 
Published: July 2020

SignificanceThe pore-forming subunits of ion channels are regulated by auxiliary interacting proteins. Hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-sensitive isoform 4 (HCN4) channels are critical determinants of electrical excitability in many types of cells, including neurons and cardiac pacemaker cells. Here we report the discovery of two HCN4 regulatory proteins. Despite their homology, the two proteins—lymphoid-restricted membrane protein (LRMP) and inositol trisphosphate receptor-associated guanylate kinase substrate (IRAG)—have opposing effects on HCN4, causing loss and gain of function, respectively. LRMP and IRAG are expected to play critical roles in regulation of physiological processes ranging from wakefulness to heart rate through their modulation of HCN4 channel function.
Niche expansion for phototrophic sulfur bacteria at the Proterozoic–Phanerozoic transition
Authors: Cui Xingqian , Liu Xiao-Lei , Shen Gaozhong , Ma Jian , Husain Fatima , Rocher Donald , Zumberge John E. , Bryant Donald A. , Summons Roger E. 
Published: July 2020

Significance
Carotenoid pigments afford valuable clues about the chemistry and biology of both modern and ancient aquatic environments. This study reveals that fossil aromatic carotenoids—long considered biomarkers for anoxygenic, phototrophic sulfur bacteria and their physiological requirement for hydrogen sulfide and illumination—can also be biosynthesized by oxygen-producing cyanobacteria. Cyanobacterial aromatic carotenoids, which are distinct in their chemical structures and occurrence patterns, are the most commonly encountered compounds in Proterozoic marine settings as well as in lakes from more recent eras. In contrast, carotenoids diagnostic for green sulfur bacteria of the family Chlorobiaceae became both prevalent and abundant in marine paleoenvironments beginning in the Phanerozoic Eon. This expansion occurs as marine sulfate inventories increased toward the end of the Proterozoic Eon.
BCG vaccine protection from severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Authors: Escobar Luis E. , Molina-Cruz Alvaro , Barillas-Mury Carolina 
Published: July 2020

Significance
The COVID-19 pandemic is one of the most devastating in recent history. The bacillus Calmette−Guérin (BCG) vaccine against tuberculosis also confers broad protection against other infectious diseases, and it has been proposed that it could reduce the severity of COVID-19. This epidemiological study assessed the global linkage between BCG vaccination and COVID-19 mortality. Signals of BCG vaccination effect on COVID-19 mortality are influenced by social, economic, and demographic differences between countries. After mitigating multiple confounding factors, several significant associations between BCG vaccination and reduced COVID-19 deaths were observed. This study highlights the need for mechanistic studies behind the effect of BCG vaccination on COVID-19, and for clinical evaluation of the effectiveness of BCG vaccination to protect from severe COVID-19.
When politics intervenein non-political news flow
Authors: Zhang Yiyan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
While intermedia agenda-setting scholars have examined the process from a global perspective, trans-regional
intermedia agenda setting, especially in non-western context, remains understudied. By analyzing the time-series data of news
coverage on air pollution, a non-political topic, from online news media in mainland China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan from 2015 to
2018, this study revealed a triangular first-level agenda-setting relationship among the three regions and identified the changing
agenda setters across years, which disproves the imperialistic stereotype that there is a one-way control from mainland China
media. The study also revealed the significant yet unconventional moderating effect of the political stance of news organizations
in the trans-regional information flow. This study contributes to the intermedia agenda-setting literature by introducing the
method of controlling the real-life situation in the Granger Causality test and by showing that non-political issues can also be
politicalized in the salience transferring process.
A cross-sectional study of prevalence and risk factors for stunting among under-fives attending acute malnutrition treatment programmes in north-western Nigeria: Should these programmes be adapted to also manage stunting?
Authors: Imam Abdulazeez , Hassan-Hanga Fatimah , Sallahdeen Azeezat , Farouk Zubaida L 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundStunting and severe wasting can co-occur in under-fives, predisposing them to increased risks for morbidity and mortality. The Community Management of Acute Malnutrition (CMAM) programme, which provides outpatient malnutrition care for severely wasted children, has been successful at managing severe wasting, but there are limited data on stunting among entrants into these programmes.MethodsWe performed secondary analysis of data collected from attendees of two CMAM centres in north-western Nigeria. Using WHO reference standards, we determined the prevalence of concurrent stunting (height/length-for-age &lt;-2 SD) among severely wasted children (weight-for-height z-scores &lt;-3 SD). We identified individual and household-level risk factors for concurrent stunting using multivariable logistic regression analysis.ResultsOur cohort comprised 472 severely wasted children and the majority (82.8%) were stunted. Age groups of 12–23 mo (adjusted OR [AOR]=2.38, 95% CI 1.26 to 4.48) and 24–35 mo (AOR=7.81, 95% CI 1.99 to 30.67), male gender (AOR=2.51, 95% CI 1.43 to 4.39) and attending the rural malnutrition clinic (AOR=3.08, 95% CI 1.64 to 5.79) were associated with a significantly increased probability of stunting.ConclusionsStunting prevalence is high among severely wasted children attending CMAM programmes in north-western Nigeria. Policymakers need to adapt these treatment programmes to also cater for stunting, taking into account practical programmatic realities such as available expertise and scarce resource allocation.
Photoelectric heating effects on the evolution of luminous disc galaxies
Authors: Osman Omima , Bekki Kenji , Cortese Luca 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT
Photoelectric heating (PEH) influences the temperature and density of the interstellar medium (ISM), potentially also affecting star formation. PEH is expected to have a stronger effect on massive galaxies, as they host larger dust reservoirs compared to dwarf systems. Accordingly, in this paper, we study PEH effects in Milky Way-like galaxies using a smoothed particle hydrodynamics code, which self-consistently implements the evolution of the gas, dust, and interstellar radiation field. Dust evolution includes dust formation by stars, destruction by SNe, and growth in dense media. We find that PEH suppresses star formation due to the excess heating that reduces the ISM density. This suppression is seen across the entire range of gas fractions, star-formation recipes, dust models, and PEH efficiencies investigated by our code. The suppression ranges from negligible values to approximately a factor of five depending on the specific implementation. Galaxy models having higher gas fractions experience higher star-formation suppression. The adopted dust model also alters the extent of star-formation suppression. Moreover, when PEH is switched on, galaxy models show higher gas outflow rates and have higher loading factors, indicative of enhanced SNe feedback. In gas-rich models (i.e. a gas fraction of 0.5), we also find that PEH suppresses the formation of disc clumps via violent disc instabilities, and thus suppresses bulge formation via clump migration to the central regions.
Joint analysis of 6dFGS and SDSS peculiar velocities for the growth rate of cosmic structure and tests of gravity
Authors: Said Khaled , Colless Matthew , Magoulas Christina , Lucey John R , Hudson Michael J 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT
Measurement of peculiar velocities by combining redshifts and distance indicators is a powerful way to measure the growth rate of a cosmic structure and test theories of gravity at low redshift. Here we constrain the growth rate of the structure by comparing observed Fundamental Plane peculiar velocities for 15 894 galaxies from the 6dF Galaxy Survey (6dFGS) and Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) with predicted velocities and densities from the 2M++ redshift survey. We measure the velocity scale parameter $\beta \equiv {\Omega _{\rm m}^\gamma }/b = 0.372^{+0.034}_{-0.050}$ and $0.314^{+0.031}_{-0.047}$ for 6dFGS and SDSS, respectively, where Ωm is the mass density parameter, γ is the growth index, and b is the bias parameter normalized to the characteristic luminosity of galaxies, L*. Combining 6dFGS and SDSS, we obtain β = 0.341 ± 0.024, implying that the amplitude of the product of the growth rate and the mass fluctuation amplitude is fσ8 = 0.338 ± 0.027 at an effective redshift z = 0.035. Adopting Ωm = 0.315 ± 0.007, as favoured by Planck and using γ = 6/11 for General Relativity and γ = 11/16 for DGP gravity, we get $S_8(z=0) = \sigma _8 \sqrt{\Omega _{\rm m}/0.3} =0.637 \pm 0.054$ and 0.741 ± 0.062 for GR and DGP, respectively. This measurement agrees with other low-redshift probes of large-scale structure but deviates by more than 3σ from the latest Planck CMB measurement. Our results favour values of the growth index γ &gt; 6/11 or a Hubble constant H0 &gt; 70 km s−1 Mpc−1 or a fluctuation amplitude σ8 &lt; 0.8 or some combination of these. Imminent redshift surveys such as Taipan, DESI, WALLABY, and SKA1-MID will help to resolve this tension by measuring the growth rate of cosmic structure to 1 per cent in the redshift range 0 &lt; z &lt; 1.
Cosmological parameter analyses using transversal BAO data
Authors: Nunes Rafael C , Yadav Santosh K , Jesus J F , Bernui Armando 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTWe investigate observational constraints on cosmological parameters combining 15 measurements of the transversal BAO scale (obtained free of any fiducial cosmology) with Planck–CMB data to explore the parametric space of some cosmological models. We investigate how much Planck + transversal BAO data can constraint the minimum Lambda cold dark matter (ΛCDM) model, and extensions, including neutrinos mass scale Mν, and the possibility for a dynamical dark energy (DE) scenario. Assuming the ΛCDM cosmology, we find H0 = 69.23 ± 0.50 km s−1 Mpc−1, Mν &lt; 0.11 eV, and rdrag = 147.59 ± 0.26 Mpc (the sound horizon at drag epoch) from Planck + transversal BAO data. When assuming a dynamical DE cosmology, we find that the inclusion of the BAO data can indeed break the degeneracy of the DE free parameters, improving the constraints on the full parameter space significantly. We note that the model is compatible with local measurements of H0 and there is no tension on H0 estimates in this dynamical DE context. Also, we discuss constraints and consequences from a joint analysis with the local H0 measurement from SH0ES. Finally, we perform a model-independent analysis for the deceleration parameter, q(z), using only information from transversal BAO data.
Silicon ISM X-ray absorption: the gaseous component
Authors: Gatuzz E , Gorczyca T W , Hasoglu M F , Schulz N S , Corrales L , Mendoza C 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT
We present a detailed analysis of the gaseous component of the Si K edge using high-resolution Chandra spectra of low-mass X-ray binaries. We fit the spectra with a modified version of the ISMabs model, including new photoabsorption cross-sections computed for all Si ionic species. We estimate column densities for Si i, Si ii, Si iii, Si xii, and Si xiii, which trace the warm, intermediate temperature, and hot phases of the Galactic interstellar medium. We find that the ionic fractions of the first two phases are similar. This may be due to the physical state of the plasma determined by the temperature or due to the presence of absorber material in the close vicinity of the sources. Our findings highlight the need for accurate modelling of the gaseous component before attempting to address the solid component.
The Cultural Preparedness Perspective of Career Development
Authors: Arulmani Gideon , Kumar Sachin , Shrestha Sunita , Viray Maribon , Aravind Sajma 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Career psychology is placing an increasingly greater focus on culture-resonant theories of development and culture-concordant career interventions. This chapter describes the cultural preparation process model (CPPM) as a framework to understand how culture mediates the process by which individuals and communities engage with their careers and livelihood. The key propositions of the CPPM are presented along with its applicational dimension. The model as a template for intervention development is discussed, and five guidelines—recognizing cultural leadership, expanding the definition of “client,” identifying and accommodating ways of living, valorizing cultural symbols, and integrating livelihood and career—are described. Jiva, an intervention based on the CPPM, and its impact and outcomes are presented, with evidence of outcomes from India and adaptations implemented in other countries. Applying the CPPM to assess interests and aptitudes is considered, with the Strengths and Accomplishments Questionnaire presented as an example. In summary, this chapter provides a reference point from which culture could be drawn into the career development discourse.
Music in the British Workplace: From Voice to a Technique of Control?
Authors: Korczynski Marek 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This chapter examines music in the British workplace. It considers whether it is appropriate to see the history of music in the workplace as involving a journey from the organic singing voice (both literal and metaphorical) of workers to broadcast music appropriated by the powerful to become a technique of social control. The chapter charts four key stages in the social history of music in British workplaces. First, it highlights the existence of widespread cultures of singing at work prior to industrialization, and outlines the important meanings these cultures had for workers. Next, it outlines the silencing of the singing voice within the workplace further to industrialization—either from direct employer bans on singing, or from the roar of the industrial noise. The third key stage involves the carefully controlled employer- and state-led reintroduction of music in the workplace in the mid-twentieth century—through the centralized relaying of specific forms of music via broadcast systems in workplaces. The chapter ends with an examination of contemporary musicking in relation to (often worker-led) radio music played in workplaces.
Mathematics learning support centres in Germany—an overview
Authors: Schürmann Mirko , Gildehaus Lara , Liebendörfer Michael , Schaper Niclas , Biehler Rolf , Hochmuth Reinhard , Kuklinski Christiane , Lankeit Elisa 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Mathematics learning support centres (MLSC) are widely established and evaluated in English-speaking countries (such as the UK, Ireland and Australia). In most of these countries, several national surveys on MLSCs exist. They give an overview of the number of MLSCs as well as their characteristics in these countries. In Germany, there is a lack of studies on MLSCs and the landscape of MLSCs has not been described yet. This article presents basic information concerning counts of MLSCs and their characteristics at universities. Based on a three-step approach of analysing university homepages and additional personal contact via email or phone calls, we gathered typical MLSC features (e.g. staff quantities and qualification, opening and support hours, supported study programmes). We analysed 190 universities from a web-based register on study programmes. In total, we found 61 MLSCs located at 51 German universities. Another 16 support centres were specialized on mathematics didactics, which means they focussed on didactical and methodological support for preservice teacher students and often provided different teaching materials. Thirty-eight centres were located at universities (62.3%) and 23 MLSCs at universities of applied sciences and comparable universities (37.7%). The MLSCs were different in their sizes of staff and opening hours, and both the numbers of staff and the service hours differed greatly. The student groups MLSCs at German universities focus on differ concerning characteristics like study programme or semester. We will provide the main categories describing these groups. We seek to answer research questions concerning the characteristics of MLSCs in Germany and discuss the results compared to international findings. This information is useful for further international collaborative research, for example a standardized international survey. From a national perspective, these findings support networking and collaborations between the MLSCs as well. As some German MLSCs are facing financial cuts, these results might help in gaining additional funding.
Integrative taxonomic revision of the woodlouse-hunter spider genusDysdera(Araneae: Dysderidae) in the Madeira archipelago with notes on its conservation status
Authors: Crespo Luís C , Silva Isamberto , Enguídanos Alba , Cardoso Pedro , Arnedo Miquel A 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDysdera is a highly speciose genus of mid-sized, nocturnal hunting spiders, mostly circumscribed to the Mediterranean. The genus managed to colonize all Macaronesian archipelagos, and underwent major diversification in the Canary Islands. Here, we report on an independent diversification event on the Madeira archipelago. Based on the integration of morphological and molecular evidence, we describe 8 new species to science, Dysdera dissimilis sp. nov., Dysdera exigua sp. nov., Dysdera isambertoi sp. nov., Dysdera precaria sp. nov., Dysdera recondita sp. nov., Dysdera sandrae sp. nov., Dysdera teixeirai sp. nov., Dysdera titanica sp. nov. and redescribe Dysdera coiffaiti, Dysdera diversa and Dysdera portisancti. We synonymize Dysdera longibulbis and Dysdera vandeli under D. coiffaiti and D. diversa, respectively. Additionally, we use a multilocus target gene phylogeny to support a single colonization event of the archipelago followed by in situ diversification. We further discuss the discovered diversity patterns and their drivers. We conclude to that many of the species inhabit disturbed or fragile habitats and should be considered of high conservation concern.
Associations between the psoas major muscle index and the presence and severity of coronary artery disease
Authors: Imaizumi Tomoki , Shiga Yuhei , Idemoto Yoshiaki , Tashiro Kohei , Ueda Yoko , Yano Yuiko-Miyase , Norimatsu Kenji , Nakamura Ayumi , Kuwano Takashi , Iwata Atsushi , Miura Shin-Ichiro 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The associations between the presence and severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) and measurements of the psoas major muscle (PMM) as assessed by multidetector row coronary computed tomography angiography (MDCT) are not known.
We enrolled 793 patients who were clinically suspected to have CAD or had at least one cardiac risk factor and had undergone MDCT. The number of significantly stenosed coronary vessels (VD) and measurements of the PMM index (PMMI) were determined using MDCT.
PMMI in the CAD group was significantly lower than that in the non-CAD group in males, but not females. In addition, the levels of PMMI tended to increase as the number of VD decreased in males. When male patients were divided into 2 groups according to median value of age, that is, relatively younger (53.4 ± 9.2 years) and older (72.6 ± 5.7 years) groups, the presence of CAD was independently associated with PMMI in the younger group by a multiple logistic regression analysis. The cut-off level of PMMI that gave the greatest sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of CAD in younger males was 8.3 cm2/m2 (sensitivity 0.441, specificity 0.752).
In conclusion, PMMI may be an imaging marker for evaluating the presence and/or severity of CAD in males, and particularly in the non-elderly.