bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Little genetic structure in a Bornean endemic small mammal across a steep ecological gradient
Authors: Parker Lillian D. , Hawkins Melissa T. R. , Camacho‐Sanchez Miguel , Campana Michael G. , West‐Roberts Jacob A. , Wilbert Tammy R. , Lim Haw Chuan , Rockwood Larry L. , Leonard Jennifer A. , Maldonado Jesús E. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractJanzen's influential “mountain passes are higher in the tropics” hypothesis predicts restricted gene flow and genetic isolation among populations spanning elevational gradients in the tropics. Few studies have tested this prediction, and studies that focus on population genetic structure in Southeast Asia are particularly underrepresented in the literature. Here, we test the hypothesis that mountain treeshrews (Tupaia montana) exhibit limited dispersal across their broad elevational range which spans ~2,300 m on two peaks in Kinabalu National Park (KNP) in Borneo: Mt Tambuyukon (MT) and Mt Kinabalu (MK). We sampled 83 individuals across elevations on both peaks and performed population genomics analyses on mitogenomes and single nucleotide polymorphisms from 4,106 ultraconserved element loci. We detected weak genetic structure and infer gene flow both across elevations and between peaks. We found higher genetic differentiation on MT than MK despite its lower elevation and associated environmental variation. This implies that, contrary to our hypothesis, genetic structure in this system is not primarily shaped by elevation. We propose that this pattern may instead be the result of historical processes and limited upslope gene flow on MT. Importantly, our results serve as a foundational estimate of genetic diversity and population structure from which to track potential future effects of climate change on mountain treeshrews in KNP, an important conservation stronghold for the mountain treeshrew and other montane species.
Validation of PREdiction of DELIRium in ICu patients (PRE‐DELIRIC) among patients in intensive care units: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Liang Surui , Chau Janita Pak Chun , Lo Suzanne Hoi Shan , Bai Liping , Yao Li , Choi Kai Chow 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundAn intensive care unit (ICU) delirium prediction tool, PREdiction of DELIRium in ICu patients (PRE‐DELIRIC), has been developed and calibrated in a multinational project. However, there is a lack of evidence regarding the predictive ability of the PRE‐DELIRIC among Chinese ICU patients.AimTo evaluate the predictive validity (discrimination and calibration) of PRE‐DELIRIC.DesignThis is a retrospective cohort study.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted. Consecutive participants (a) admitted to the ICU for ≥24 hours, (b) aged ≥18 years, and (c) admitted to the ICU for the first time were included. Ten predictors (age, APACHE‐II, urgent and admission category, urea level, metabolic acidosis, infection, coma, sedation, and morphine use) assessed within 24 hours upon ICU admission were assessed. Delirium was assessed using the Confusion Assessment Method for ICU. Outcomes included ICU length of stay and mortality. Discrimination and calibration were determined by the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC), box plot, and calibration plot.ResultsA total of 375 ICU patients were included, with 44.0% of patients being delirious. Delirium was significantly associated with age, PRE‐DELIRIC score, ICU length of stay, and mortality. The AUROC was 0.81 (95% confidence interval, 0.77‐0.86). The optimal cut‐off point identified by max Youden index was 49%. The calibration plot of pooled data demonstrated a calibration slope of 0.894 and an intercept of −0.178.ConclusionsThe PRE‐DELIRIC has high predictive value and is suggested to be adopted in ICUs for early initiation of preventive interventions against delirium among high‐risk patients.Relevance to clinical practiceClinicians can adopt the PRE‐DELIRIC among ICU patients to screen patients at high risk of developing delirium. Early initiative interventions could be implemented to reduce the negative impacts of ICU delirium.
Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I‐745 modulates the microbiota–gut–brain axis in a humanized mouse model of Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Authors: Constante Marco , De Palma Giada , Lu Jun , Jury Jennifer , Rondeau Liam , Caminero Alberto , Collins Stephen M. , Verdu Elena F. , Bercik Premysl 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundGnotobiotic mice colonized with microbiota from patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and comorbid anxiety (IBS+A) display gut dysfunction and anxiety‐like behavior compared to mice colonized with microbiota from healthy volunteers. Using this model, we tested the therapeutic potential of the probiotic yeast Saccharomyces boulardii strain CNCM I‐745 (S. bou) and investigated underlying mechanisms.MethodsGerm‐free Swiss Webster mice were colonized with fecal microbiota from an IBS+A patient or a healthy control (HC). Three weeks later, mice were gavaged daily with S. boulardii or placebo for two weeks. Anxiety‐like behavior (light preference and step‐down tests), gastrointestinal transit, and permeability were assessed. After sacrifice, samples were taken for gene expression by NanoString and qRT‐PCR, microbiota 16S rRNA profiling, and indole quantification.Key ResultsMice colonized with IBS+A microbiota developed faster gastrointestinal transit and anxiety‐like behavior (longer step‐down latency) compared to mice with HC microbiota. S. bou administration normalized gastrointestinal transit and anxiety‐like behavior in mice with IBS+A microbiota. Step‐down latency correlated with colonic Trpv1 expression and was associated with altered microbiota profile and increased Indole‐3‐acetic acid (IAA) levels.Conclusions & InferencesTreatment with S. bou improves gastrointestinal motility and anxiety‐like behavior in mice with IBS+A microbiota. Putative mechanisms include effects on pain pathways, direct modulation of the microbiota, and indole production by commensal bacteria.
Antibiotic prophylaxis for mandibular advancement with bilateral sagittal split osteotomy: a comparison of three versus four doses penicillin V
Authors: Pedersen T.Ø. , Haaberg V. , Løes S. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAimCompare two regimens of antibiotic prophylaxis on the development of surgical site infection (SSI) following mandibular advancement with bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO).Materials and methodsIn total, 176 patients were included. Two antibiotic regimens were administered intravenously. The first 114 patients were given penicillin V (PcV) in three doses every 8 h (PcV3‐group), and the next 62 patients were given PcV in four doses every 6 h (PcV4‐group). The same surgical protocol was followed for all patients. Development of SSI was registered at follow‐up 2 months and 1 year after surgery.ResultsA significant reduction in the rate of SSI was found in the PcV4 group compared to the PcV3‐group (P = 0.012). The infection rates were 4.8% and 19.3% respectively. A higher prevalence of SSI was found when mandibular wisdom teeth were present, but this was not statistically significant. There were no correlations between gender, age, intraoperative bleeding and operation time and the development of SSI. None of the patients developed severe infection.ConclusionThe infection rate was significantly reduced when PcV was administered in four doses, suggesting that an extended regimen of antibiotic prophylaxis is beneficial when performing mandibular advancement with BSSO.
Provider perceptions of mHealth engagement for low‐resourced, safety‐net communities
Authors: Laing Sharon S. , Ocampo Pilar , Ocampo Carlota , Caravalho Joicy , Perez Gerizim , Baugh Stacey 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectiveEvaluate nurses’ and other health care professionals’ (HCPs) perceptions about implementing mobile health technology (mHealth) in clinical practice to support health care delivery for low‐resourced, safety‐net communities.DesignQualitative exploratory study using data collected from focus group sessions. Respondents addressed four topics: (1) technology's role in health care delivery; (2) barriers to incorporating mHealth data in clinical practice; (3) need for mHealth Clinical Practice Guide (CPG); and (4) mHealth's potential to improve health care access for marginalized communities.SampleThirty HCPs providing services to community health center patients in Washington State and Washington, DC.MeasurementsThematic analysis of qualitative data.ResultsThemes included:(1) mHealth's ability to provide customized reminders and data accuracy; (2) patients’ mistrust of technology; (3) the possibility of linking community resources to address the social determinants of health;(4) mHealth's potential to improve patient–provider communication.ConclusionHealth care professionals support incorporating mHealth inpatient care but suggest that an mHealth CPG would improve its potential for facilitating health care delivery in low‐resourced communities.
Photogrammetric Record Microsoft Word Template
Authors: Author Arthur , Author Maria J. , Author S. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis is an example of an original article in the layout expected by The Photogrammetric Record. The abstract is a concise summary of the essential elements of the paper and should not contain detailed results. It should be no longer than 150 words. This template indicates how a paper submitted to the journal should be structured and formatted, including figures, tables, mathematics and references.
Shedding light on the convergence debate: Using luminosity data to investigate economic convergence in Ecuador
Authors: Carrington Sarah J. , Jiménez‐Ayora Pablo 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe objective of this research is to analyze convergence in incomes per capita in Ecuador over the period 1992–2013. Using the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s satellite data capturing nighttime luminosity by region to proxy income, we undertake an analysis of economic convergence between provinces and cantons in Ecuador over the period 1992–2013. Traditional regression analysis alongside dynamic distribution analysis is used to verify the existence and determine the nature of convergence among Ecuadorian territories. What is found is that economic convergence across Ecuador’s provinces can be confirmed with a speed of convergence approximating Barro’s iron‐law of 2% per annum. In contrast to the expectations of finding convergence over recent years, the major progress in economic convergence was made over the 1992–2002 period. This was the period with the highest political and economic uncertainty. Investigating convergence in human development indicators such as infant mortality rates suggests that the boom‐financed period of economic prosperity did however coincide with a significant catchup of provinces lagging in human development achievements to leaders in this dimension.
The International Peacemaking Dilemma: Ousting or Including the Villains?
Authors: Nathan Laurie 
Published: September 2020

AbstractInternational actors engaged in peacemaking in armed conflicts are often confronted by a moral dilemma: whether to seek to oust the villains by coercive means, or to promote mediation that includes the villains and may lead to a power‐sharing deal with them. This article analyzes the peacemaking dilemma through a constructivist perspective on international norms. It contributes to the constructivist literature, which concentrates on contestation between “good” and “bad” norms, by developing a theoretical framework for understanding moral dilemmas as a “situational incompatibility of good norms”. The peacemaking dilemma entails a situational incompatibility between the norm of promoting and maintaining peace and security on the one hand, and the norms of promoting justice, accountability and democratization on the other. The dilemma is difficult to resolve because all these norms are constitutive of the UN and because of strategic uncertainty in armed conflicts. The theoretical framework is applied to the conflicts in Côte d’Ivoire, Libya and Syria.
Subduction initiation triggered by accretion of a Jurassic oceanic plateau along the Bangong–Nujiang Suture in central Tibet
Authors: Zhang Wei‐Qi , Liu Chuan‐Zhou , Liu Tong , Zhang Chang , Zhang Zhen‐Yu 
Published: September 2020

AbstractLower crusts of oceanic plateaus have been rarely studied and their nature remains unclear, due to low probability in preservation. Here we demonstrate that cumulates of the Pengco Complex in central Tibet represent the lower crust of an oceanic plateau generated at ~188 Ma. Mineral crystallization order and geochemistry support their formation via low‐P fractionation from anhydrous basaltic melts. The Pengco cumulates are more magnesium rich and more depleted in rare earth elements than the mid‐ocean ridge cumulates, supporting a mantle source more refractory than the depleted MORB mantle (DMM). However, the extrusive rocks outcropped in the Pengco Complex are younger (161–166 Ma) and have a subducted‐related genesis. Such a temporal and genetical decoupling between the lower and upper crustal rocks in the Pengco Complex resulted from the subduction re‐initiation that was triggered by the oceanic plateau‐continent collision at ~164 Ma.
Meiotic crossover reduction by virus‐induced gene silencing enables the efficient generation of chromosome substitution lines and reverse breeding in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Calvo‐Baltanás Vanesa , Wijnen Cris L. , Yang Chao , Lukhovitskaya Nina , de Snoo C. Bastiaan , Hohenwarter Linus , Keurentjes Joost J. B. , de Jong Hans , Schnittger Arp , Wijnker Erik 
Published: September 2020

SummaryPlant breeding applications exploiting meiotic mutant phenotypes (like the increase or decrease of crossover (CO) recombination) have been proposed over the last years. As recessive meiotic mutations in breeding lines may affect fertility or have other pleiotropic effects, transient silencing techniques may be preferred. Reverse breeding is a breeding technique that would benefit from the transient downregulation of CO formation. The technique is essentially the opposite of plant hybridization: a method to extract parental lines from a hybrid. The method can also be used to efficiently generate chromosome substitution lines (CSLs). For successful reverse breeding, the two homologous chromosome sets of a heterozygous plant must be divided over two haploid complements, which can be achieved by the suppression of meiotic CO recombination and the subsequent production of doubled haploid plants. Here we show the feasibility of transiently reducing CO formation using virus‐induced gene silencing (VIGS) by targeting the meiotic gene MSH5 in a wild‐type heterozygote of Arabidopsis thaliana. The application of VIGS (rather than using lengthy stable transformation) generates transgene‐free offspring with the desired genetic composition: we obtained parental lines from a wild‐type heterozygous F1 in two generations. In addition, we obtained 20 (of the 32 possible) CSLs in one experiment. Our results demonstrate that meiosis can be modulated at will in A. thaliana to generate CSLs and parental lines rapidly for hybrid breeding. Furthermore, we illustrate how the modification of meiosis using VIGS can open routes to develop efficient plant breeding strategies.
Reflexiones en torno a las enajenaciones ilegítimas de bienes eclesiásticos (canon 1296 del Código de Derecho Canónico de 1983)
Authors: Jiménez Valencia Faridy 
Published: September 2020

Uno de los mayores riesgos que pueden sufrir las propiedades eclesiásticas es su enajenación. Por ello, a lo largo de la historia, la Iglesia ha estado atenta a esta figura, la cual tiene condiciones e identidad propia, y no se refiere o aplica a todos los bienes eclesiásticos, sino solo a cierto tipo de bienes con especificaciones determinadas. La protección fundamental de los bienes eclesiásticos asegura la viabilidad económica de la Iglesia y de las personas jurídicas públicas. Los bienes eclesiásticos son aquellos pertenecientes a una persona jurídica pública, la cual se caracteriza por tener una especial sujeción a una serie de controles por parte de la autoridad eclesiástica. Entre los controles canónicos, se destaca la exigencia de obtener una licencia canónica de dicha autoridad para poder enajenarlos válidamente. Si en algún caso se enajenaran bienes eclesiásticos sin los requisitos canónicos, aunque válidamente según el derecho civil, corresponde a la autoridad competente decretar si debe entablarse alguna acción y cuál sería, personal o real, y por quién y contra quién, para defender los derechos de la Iglesia. No todas las legislaciones civiles acatan las normas canónicas para la válida enajenación de bienes eclesiásticos, por lo que suele suceder que en la legislación civil sean válidos negocios jurídicos patrimoniales que no cumplen con el requisito de la licencia canónica prescrita en el canon 1291 del Código de Derecho Canónico de 1983. Cuando este fenómeno jurídico se produce, hay que determinar las acciones procedentes para que la Iglesia pueda reivindicar sus derechos, bien sea para recuperar la cosa (acción real), bien para resarcirse del precio o para obtener una indemnización (acciones personales), precisándose también la legitimación activa y pasiva, así como la clase de acción, canónica o civil, que sea más procedente, o determinar si no conviene promover proceso alguno.
Using telemedicine and wearable technology to establish a virtual clinic for people with Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Evans Lauren , Mohamed Biju , Thomas Edward Christopher 
Published: September 2020

BackgroundTo develop an effective, patient-centred and sustainable service, we set up a virtual clinic (VC) for patients with Parkinson’s disease, combining phone consultations and reports from wearable technology. The Parkinson’s Kinetigraph (PKG) is a wrist-worn device providing objective motor assessment, generating a report used by clinicians to optimise medication regimens.InterventionsA pilot study of VC was designed using quality improvement methodology. For a VC appointment, patients were phoned by a clinician. After discussing symptoms and reviewing the PKG report, the clinician could decide on any medication changes or other interventions and relay this to the patient’s general practitioner in a clinic letter. Patient feedback was gathered via questionnaires and data collected on the outcomes and timings of the consultations.ResultsOver 12 clinics, 61 patients had VC appointments. Of questionnaire respondents, 89% were satisfied with VC (n=41). At VC, the clinician was able to make a treatment decision comparable to a face-to-face clinic in 79% of cases (n=48). Reasons appointments were deemed unsuccessful included issues with the PKG, speech or hearing problems and complex phase of disease. VC appointments, including administration time, last on average 22 min. This compares to 20 min face-to-face appointments but these do not include administration time.ConclusionsWe have demonstrated a safe and effective VC template. Most VC appointments are equivalent to face-to-face clinic in terms of treatment outcome. Success could be further improved by appropriate patient selection. Using VC is time saving and can result in releasing face-to-face appointment slots for those in urgent need or newly referred patients. Further cost analysis is required; the cost of the PKG alone is more expensive than a face-to-face appointment, but this does not take into account other value added, such as patient convenience and satisfaction, and reduced need for ambulance transport.
Comparison of aspiration-first versus stentriever-first techniques in performing mechanical thrombectomy for large vessel occlusions
Authors: Fredrickson Vance L , Bonney Phillip A , Rangwala Shivani D , Catapano Joshua S , Cole Tyler S , Cavalcanti Daniel D , Majmundar Neil , Wilkinson D. Andrew , San Roman Luis , Waters Michael F , Albuquerque Felipe C , Ducruet Andrew F 
Published: September 2020

BackgroundBoth stentriever and direct-aspiration thrombectomy effectively treat large-vessel occlusions. However, data are limited comparing clinical outcomes after aspiration-first versus stentriever-assisted aspiration for thrombectomy.MethodsA retrospective cohort study compared procedure times and radiographic outcomes after two mechanical thrombectomy techniques (aspiration first or stentriever). To minimize bias and variability inherent to multi-operator series, we assessed consecutive patients with cerebrovascular occlusions treated by a single surgeon during a 1 year period at two stroke centers. Expanded Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction (eTICI) grades were assessed by an investigator blinded to treatment.ResultsData from 93 patients (median age 70 years) were analyzed: 73 patients (78.5%) were treated with a strentriever-first strategy and 20 (21.5%) were treated with aspiration first, with stentriever rescue therapy required in only three of these cases following unsuccessful aspiration. There were no significant differences in patient demographics, sites of occlusion, or rates of tandem occlusions between aspiration-first and stentriever-assisted groups (p≥0.36). The rate of first-pass eTICI ≥2b was 75.0% (15/20) for aspiration-first and 52.1% (38/73) for strentriever-first groups (p=0.07), while the rate of final eTICI ≥2b was 100% (20/20) and 82.2% (60/72), respectively (p=0.04). The aspiration-first technique was associated with procedural times ≤25 min in a multivariable analysis (adjusted OR 4.77, 95% CI 1.15 to 18.39; p=0.03).ConclusionsIn this single-surgeon series, an aspiration-first technique was associated with a statistically significant improvement in eTICI outcomes and faster procedure times compared with stentriever-assisted aspiration. Further prospective studies are necessary to minimize selection bias inherent in this study design.
Peritoneal lymphomatosis in a dog after resection of LGL intestinal lymphoma: imaging features
Authors: Cordella Alessia , Costantino Roberta , Baldassarre Valeria , Bertaccini Jessica , Bertolini Giovanna 
Published: September 2020

SUMMARYA six‐year‐old intact male Chihuahua dog was referred for vomiting, diarrhoea and weight loss. Ultrasonographic (US) and computed tomographic examination revealed a focal thickening in the jejunum, with no signs of gross metastatic disease. Histology and immunohistochemistry performed after surgical resection revealed a presumed large granular lymphocytic lymphoma. Treatment with chlorambucil was started, and no signs of recurrence were noticed at serial US follow‐up for the following months. Six months after surgery, several lesions were seen in the ventrolateral aspect of the peritoneal cavity both on ultrasonography and CT, and cytology confirmed the suspicion of peritoneal lymphomatosis.