bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genome-wide RNA interference screening reveals a COPI-MAP2K3 pathway required for YAP regulation
Authors: Kim Yong Joon , Jung Eunji , Shin Eunbie , Hong Sin-Hyoung , Jeong Hui Su , Hur Gayeong , Jeong Hye Yun , Lee Seung-Hyo , Lee Ji Eun , Kim Gun-Hwa , Kim Joon 
Published: August 2020

Significance
YAP is a transcriptional regulator governing gene expression programs underlying cell proliferation and survival. In addition, YAP has been highlighted as a key player in various stages of cancer pathogenesis. Currently, our understanding of the regulation of YAP activity is incomplete in part because there is no comprehensive list of genes related to the regulation. In this paper, we report the result of a genome-wide RNA interference screen to identify genes whose loss of function affects the activity of YAP. We discovered a number of genes that can be classified as positive or negative factors of YAP stability or nuclear enrichment. Our data will be valuable for gaining a deeper insight into complex YAP regulation.
Global snow drought hot spots and characteristics
Authors: Huning Laurie S. , AghaKouchak Amir 
Published: August 2020

Significance
Given the importance of snow to global food, water, and energy security, characterizing snow deficits (snow droughts) in a changing climate has emerged as a critical knowledge gap. We identify snow drought hot spots and determine how drought duration and intensity vary globally. We show that eastern Russia, Europe, and the western United States experienced longer, more intense snow droughts in the second half of the period 1980 to 2018. During this period, droughts became less intense over the Hindu Kush, Himalayas, extratropical Andes, and Patagonia regions. Natural and human-driven factors (e.g., atmospheric circulation patterns, polar vortex movement, and Arctic warming) likely contribute to snow droughts. We urge the community to further investigate the complex physical drivers of snow drought.
Ancestral regulatory mechanisms specify conserved midbrain circuitry in arthropods and vertebrates
Authors: Bridi Jessika C. , Ludlow Zoe N. , Kottler Benjamin , Hartmann Beate , Vanden Broeck Lies , Dearlove Jonah , Göker Markus , Strausfeld Nicholas J. , Callaerts Patrick , Hirth Frank 
Published: August 2020

Significance
Comparative developmental genetics indicate insect and mammalian forebrains form and function in comparable ways. However, these data are open to opposing interpretations that advocate either a single origin of the brain and its adaptive modification during animal evolution; or multiple, independent origins of the many different brains present in extant Bilateria. Here, we describe conserved regulatory elements that mediate the spatiotemporal expression of developmental control genes directing the formation and function of midbrain circuits in flies, mice, and humans. These circuits develop from corresponding midbrain-hindbrain boundary regions and regulate comparable behaviors for balance and motor control. Our findings suggest that conserved regulatory mechanisms specify cephalic circuits for sensory integration and coordinated behavior common to all animals that possess a brain.
Identification of MYC as an antinecroptotic protein that stifles RIPK1–RIPK3 complex formation
Authors: Seong Daehyeon , Jeong Manhyung , Seo Jinho , Lee Ji-Yoon , Hwang Chi Hyun , Shin Ho-Chul , Shin Jeong Yoon , Nam Young Woo , Jo Jeong Yeon , Lee Haeseung , Kim Hye-Jung , Kim Hwa-Ryeon , Oh Ji Hoon , Ha Sang-Jun , Kim Seung Jun , Roe Jae-Seok , Kim Wankyu , Cheong June-Won , Bae Kwang-Hee , Lee Sang Chul , Oberst Andrew , Vandenabeele Peter , Shin Dong Hoon , Lee Eun-Woo , Song Jaewhan 
Published: August 2020

Significance
A major yet perplexing question in the field of necroptosis is the role and involvement of necroptosis in cancer cells. Many cancer cells have protective mechanisms against necroptosis, but the underlying mechanism remains elusive. We report findings of cross-talk and a regulatory pathway that exist between MYC, a potent oncogene, and RIPK3, a pivotal factor in necroptosis. We find that MYC pathway is downregulated upon necroptotic, while MYC inhibits TNF-α–induced necroptosis. The inhibitory effect of MYC on necroptosis is unexpected because no transcriptional activity by MYC is required. Mechanistically, a direct interaction between MYC and RIPK3 takes place in the cytosol, preventing RIPK1–RIPK3 complex formation. Finally, MYC depletion enhances antitumor activity of necroptosis-inducing agents in a xenograft model.
Geometric anomaly detection in data
Authors: Stolz Bernadette J. , Tanner Jared , Harrington Heather A. , Nanda Vidit 
Published: August 2020

Significance
The problem of fitting low-dimensional manifolds to high-dimensional data has been extensively studied from both theoretical and computational perspectives. As datasets get more heterogeneous and complicated, so must the spaces that are used to approximate them. Stratified spaces, built out of manifold pieces coherently glued together, form natural candidates for such geometric models. The key difficulty encountered when fitting stratified spaces to data is that none of the sampled points can be expected to lie exactly on the low-dimensional singular strata. The present work uses local cohomology to overcome this difficulty. Here, we describe an efficient and practical framework for singularity detection from finite samples and demonstrate its ability to detect interfaces in real and simulated data.
An objective evaluation of the beholder’s response to abstract and figurative art based on construal level theory
Authors: Durkin Celia , Hartnett Eileen , Shohamy Daphna , Kandel Eric R. 
Published: August 2020

Significance
Art affects our mindset; it can be therapeutic, emotionally evocative, and generative of aesthetic experience. But how art recruits cognitive processes, and how this process differs between abstract and representational art, remain unknown. To quantify differences in mindset evoked by abstract and representational art, we drew on construal level theory (CLT), a psychological theory that has systematically characterized differences in abstract and concrete mindsets. In three different decision making tasks, we found that abstract art evokes a more abstract mindset than representational art. Our data suggest that abstract and representational art have differential effects on cognition and that CLT provides a useful new empirical approach to the analysis of cognitive states evoked by different levels of artistic abstraction.
Structural basis for carotenoid cleavage by an archaeal carotenoid dioxygenase
Authors: Daruwalla Anahita , Zhang Jianye , Lee Ho Jun , Khadka Nimesh , Farquhar Erik R. , Shi Wuxian , von Lintig Johannes , Kiser Philip D. 
Published: August 2020

Significance
The formation of apocarotenoids by carotenoid cleavage dioxygenases (CCDs) is a critical process for several biological signaling systems. However, the active site determinants directing CCDs to cleave a specific alkene bond within the polyene backbone of carotenoids have remained unclear. Through analysis of the previously uncharacterized group of archaeal CCDs, we identified an enzyme, closely related to animal CCDs, that could be isolated in complex with its apocarotenoid product. Its crystal structure revealed the precise molecular interactions governing the enzyme’s unique regioselectivity. These insights pave the way toward control of CCD activity in carotenoid/retinoid metabolism through rational design of small-molecule modulators or targeted mutagenesis.
ActivatingKRAS,NRAS, andBRAFmutants enhance proteasome capacity and reduce endoplasmic reticulum stress in multiple myeloma
Authors: Shirazi Fazal , Jones Richard J. , Singh Ram K. , Zou Jianxuan , Kuiatse Isere , Berkova Zuzana , Wang Hua , Lee Hans C. , Hong Samuel , Dick Larry , Chattopadhyay Nibedita , Orlowski Robert Z. 
Published: August 2020

SignificanceKRAS,NRAS, andBRAFmutations that activate MAPK signaling occur in half of myeloma patients and confer a poor prognosis. Our studies link activatingRASandRAFmutations with enhanced proteasome assembly and capacity through the MAPK intermediate ELK1. These downstream changes reduce cellular stress, thereby promoting myeloma cell survival, and confer proteasome inhibitor resistance, which can be overcome by combinations with BRAF or MEK inhibitors. They provide a possible reason for the frequency of MAPK pathway mutations in myeloma, and support use of these combinations specifically in patients withBRAF- orRAS-mutated disease.
A Zika virus envelope mutation preceding the 2015 epidemic enhances virulence and fitness for transmission
Authors: Shan Chao , Xia Hongjie , Haller Sherry L. , Azar Sasha R. , Liu Yang , Liu Jianying , Muruato Antonio E. , Chen Rubing , Rossi Shannan L. , Wakamiya Maki , Vasilakis Nikos , Pei Rongjuan , Fontes-Garfias Camila R. , Singh Sanjay Kumar , Xie Xuping , Weaver Scott C. , Shi Pei-Yong 
Published: August 2020

Significance
ZIKV has “silently” circulated without causing severe diseases for decades since its discovery in 1947. Our study demonstrated that ZIKV acquired an evolutionary mutation in viral envelope gene (E-V473M) that increases virulence, maternal-to-fetal transmission during pregnancy, and viremia in nonhuman primates to facilitate urban transmission since 2013, which may be responsible for the recent emergence and severe diseases. Our results underscore the potential that high genetic mutation frequencies during arbovirus replication and transmission between mosquito and vertebrate hosts could lead to emergence and reemergence of those pathogens. Understanding the mechanisms of emergence and enhanced transmission is essential to detect and respond to future arbovirus outbreaks.
JMJD5 couples with CDK9 to release the paused RNA polymerase II
Authors: Liu Haolin , Ramachandran Srinivas , Fong Nova , Phang Tzu , Lee Schuyler , Parsa Pirooz , Liu Xinjian , Harmacek Laura , Danhorn Thomas , Song Tengyao , Oh Sangphil , Zhang Qianqian , Chen Zhongzhou , Zhang Qian , Tu Ting-Hui , Happoldt Carrie , O’Conner Brian , Janknecht Ralf , Li Chuan-Yuan , Marrack Philippa , Kappler John , Leach Sonia , Zhang Gongyi 
Published: August 2020

Significance
RNA polymerase II (Pol II) is stalled at the transcription starting site for a large number of genes in higher eukaryotes. We previously found that JMJD5/7 proteins act as both endopeptidases and exopeptidases to cleave arginine methylated histone tails including those of H2A, H3, and H4, thus generating relatively “tailless nucleosomes”, which can be overcome by Pol II. This report shows that knockout of JMJD5 in mice leads to accumulation of nucleosomes at +1 and loss of expression of a large number of genes. We find that the N-terminal domain of JMJD5 binds to CTD of Pol II with a unique combination of phosphorylation generated by CDK9. We propose that JMJD5 couples with CDK9 to release the paused Pol II.
Molecular biology and structure of a novel penaeid shrimp densovirus elucidate convergent parvoviral host capsid evolution
Authors: Pénzes Judit J. , Pham Hanh T. , Chipman Paul , Bhattacharya Nilakshee , McKenna Robert , Agbandje-McKenna Mavis , Tijssen Peter 
Published: August 2020

Significance
Parvoviruses (PVs) are ssDNA viruses, with T = 1 icosahedral symmetry, infecting deuterostome and protostome animals. Most PVs have a highly conserved phospholipase A2 domain (PLA2) in the N-terminal region of their minor capsid protein. Under acidic pH, during endosomal/lysosomal egress, the PLA2 domain is activated to disrupt vesicle membranes. However, certain PVs lack the PLA2 and thus must use a different escape mechanism. Our study offers insight into this enigma, showing how a recently discovered PV of marine crustacean has evolved a cation-dependent mechanism to accomplish this task. We also show how host-driven convergent evolution pushed two PVs, infecting the same host species, to adopt strikingly similar surface morphologies, despite distinct multimer interactions and lack of sequence similarity.
Insights into the evolution of regulated actin dynamics via characterization of primitive gelsolin/cofilin proteins from Asgard archaea
Authors: Akıl Caner , Tran Linh T. , Orhant-Prioux Magali , Baskaran Yohendran , Manser Edward , Blanchoin Laurent , Robinson Robert C. 
Published: August 2020

Significance
Eukaryotic gelsolin superfamily proteins generally comprise three or more related domains. Here we characterize single- and double-domain gelsolins from Thorarchaeota (Thor). Similar domain architectures are present in Heimdall-, Loki-, and Odinarchaeota. Thor gelsolins are functional in regulating rabbit actin in in vitro assays, showing a range of activities including actin filament severing and bundling. These gelsolins bind to the eukaryotic gelsolin/cofilin-binding site on actin. Two-domain, but not one-domain, gelsolins are calcium regulated. Thor gelsolins appear to have the characteristics and structure consistent with primitive gelsolins/cofilins, suggesting that these single- and double-domain gelsolins are a record of a nascent preeukaryotic actin-regulation machinery.
Nonreciprocity as a generic route to traveling states
Authors: You Zhihong , Baskaran Aparna , Marchetti M. Cristina 
Published: August 2020

Significance
Effective interactions that break action–reaction symmetry are ubiquitous in systems where interactions are mediated by a nonequilibrium environment. They are also the norm in the living world. By examining the dynamics of a diffusing binary mixture, we demonstrate that antagonistic cross-diffusivities can drive the transition from static to traveling spatial patterns. In the context of an analytically tractable model, we elucidate the nature of the transition and demonstrate that the emergence of traveling or oscillating patterns is a generic consequence of nonreciprocity in multispecies systems described by scalar fields. Our work is directly relevant to the understanding and control of nonequilibrium assembly in mixtures of chemically interacting colloids.
Analysis of the strong decays of Pc(4312) as a pentaquark molecular state with QCD sum rules *
Authors: Wang Zhi-Gang , Wang Xu 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In this article, we tentatively assign Pc
(4312) to be the

pentaquark molecular state with the spin-parity

, and discuss the factorizable and non-factorizable contributions in the two-point QCD sum rules for the

molecular state in detail to prove the reliability of the single pole approximation in the hadronic spectral density. We study its two-body strong decays with the QCD sum rules, and special attention is paid to match the hadron side with the QCD side of the correlation functions to obtain solid duality. We obtain the partial decay widths

and

, which are compatible with the experimental value of the total width, and support assigning

to be the

pentaquark molecular state.
Logarithmic Regge pole
Authors: Campos S. D. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This work presents the subtraction procedure and the Regge cut in the logarithmic Regge pole approach. The subtraction mechanism leads to the same asymptotic behavior as previously obtained in the non-subtraction case. The Regge cut, in contrast, introduces a clear role to the non-leading contributions for the asymptotic behavior of the total cross-section. From these results, some simple parameterization is introduced to fit the experimental data for the proton-proton and antiproton-proton total cross-section above some minimum value up to the cosmic-ray. The fit parameters obtained are used to present predictions for the

-parameter as well as to the elastic slope

at high energies.
Studying the localized CP violation and the branching fraction of the

decay *
Authors: Qi Jing-Juan , Wang Zhen-Yang , Xu Jing , Guo Xin-Heng 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In this work, we study the localized

violation and the branching fraction of the four-body decay

by employing a quasi-two-body QCD factorization approach. Considering the interference of

and

channels, we predict

and

, respectively, which shows that the interference mechanism of these two channels can induce the localized

violation to this four-body decay. Meanwhile, within the two quark model framework for the scalar mesons

and

, we calculate the direct CP violations and branching fractions of the

and

decays, respectively. The corresponding results are

,

,

and

, indicating that the

violations of these two-body decays are both positive and the branching fractions quite different. These studies provide a new way to investigate the aforementioned four-body decay and can be helpful in clarifying the configuration of the structure of the light scalar meson.
Microstructural analysis of rail tracks defects: case study
Authors: Velaphi Msomi , Conrad Charl Peter Basson , Sipokazi Mabuwa 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This case study reports on the microstructural analysis performed on the railway with defect. The idea behind was to quantify the origin of these defects that are regular in Western Cape railway network. The chemical composition of the defect revealed the reduction in carbon and manganese content on the surface of the defect. The specimens extracted from the beginning and the end of the defect had higher hardness values compared to those extracted in the middle of the defect. This trend is in correlation with the chemical composition variations. The optical microscopy revealed the decarburization layer at the surface of the defect. This kind of the layer results from the surface being exposed to a constant high temperature. It was then concluded that the South African environmental conditions do not form part on the formation of this failure.
Self-assembled NiTe2 nanocrystals as highly efficient and stable electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Wang Xinqiang , Chen Yuanfu 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
To develop high-efficient electrocatalysts with excellent stability for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is a crucial way to alleviate the serious energy crisis. Recently, transition metal tellurides have been reported as promising catalysts for HER. Herein, self-assembled NiTe2 nanostructures including nanocrystals (NCs) and nanoplates (NPs) were synthesized in different solvents by a facile solvothermal method. As novel electrocatalysts, NiTe2 nanostructures show highly efficient HER performance in acidic medium. Particularly, NiTe2 NCs exhibit much faster kinetics for HER. Compared with NiTe2 NPs, NiTe2 NCs demonstrate superior HER performance with a low onset overpotential of 317 mV vs. RHE and a very small Tafel slope of 36 mV dec−1, which is close to that of noble platinum (Pt) catalyst (30 mV dec−1). Moreover, it exhibits excellent stability with more than 95% high current retention after being tested for 1500 voltammetry cycles. The outstanding HER activity of NiTe2 NCs is attributed to its unique interconnection nanostructure and high conductivity. It is promising for NiTe2 NCs as a highly efficient non-noble-metal electrocatalyst to replace Pt-based materials for hydrogen evolution.
Effect of nano titanium dioxide on mechanical properties of regenerated silk
Authors: Liu Yan , Wang Xiaoliang , Xu Chen , Ma Qiang , Ma Lin , Wu Guohua 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Silk and spider silk have excellent mechanical properties, and their superior physical properties are closely related to their complex structure. Here, we reported the wet spinning behavior of nanomaterials mixed with silk proteins and study the effect of the different sizes of TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) on the mechanical properties of regenerated silk. Our study retained silk protein nanofibers in CaCl2-FA solution, and optimized the wet spinning process, and produced high-quality regenerated silk fiber (RSF) with excellent mechanical properties by using TiO2 NPs. Among them, when the TiO2 NPs of 5-10 nm was 4 mg/g(TiO2 NPs/Silk Fibroin(SF)), the tensile stress of the RSF reached at 312.44 ± 20.31 MPa, which is 113.11% higher than the control group; the tensile strain reached 46.55 ± 2.76%, which is 152.85% higher than the control group. And the secondary structure conformation of RSF tended to transform from silk I to silk II, and its β-sheet content was 47.27 ± 0.25%. We found that the mechanical properties of RSF decreased with the size of TiO2 NPs increased. This may be due to the smaller the size of TiO2 NPs and the larger the specific surface area, which can provide more binding sites between TiO2 NPs and silk proteins, and also transformed the RSF conformation from silk I to silk II. The characteristics of this spinning method are simple operation, environmentally friendly, low cost, and large-scale industrialization potential. The method of producing RSF has great potential in the production of textiles and multifunctional materials.
Study on the fractal structure of carbon nanomaterials’ smokescreen
Authors: Wang Xusheng , Song Zibiao , Gao Qian , Song Rui 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In the diffusion of carbon nanomaterials’ smokescreen, the condensates generated by the collision of particles have fractal structures. In order to research this process, this paper is based on DLA condensation model programmed by MATLAB. Using DLA model, the geometrical structure of agglomerate formed by spherical nanoparticles is simulated and the fractal dimensions of agglomerates were computed by using the cyclotron radius method. Large numbers of simulations indicated the fractal dimension of agglomerates on two-dimensional plane distributed between 1.4 and 1.7. And with the increasing number of the particles, the fractal dimension displayed in intensive range. The research in this paper has laid a foundation for the study of the aerodynamic characteristics of condensed particles in the next stage.
Perovskites for printed flexible electronics
Authors: Wang Lei , Wang Yang 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In recent years, halide perovskites have attracted tremendous attention as active materials in various electronic devices including solar cells, light-emitting diodes, photodetectors, etc. Their excellent optical and electrical properties as well as solution processability make perovskite material an ideal candidate for flexible electronic applications that are manufactured by printing in industrial scale. In this article, the material characteristic and synthetic procedure of perovskite crystals are introduced. Deposition techniques and potential challenges of commercializing perovskite-based flexible electronics are briefly discussed.
Multifunctional coatings formed using organic and inorganic nanomaterials
Authors: Konstantine Nadaraia , Dmitry Mashtalyar , Denis Opra , Igor Imshinetsky , Aleksandr Sokolov , Sergey Sinebryukhov , Sergey Gnedenkov 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The method of forming composite coatings by the plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) using organic and inorganic nanoscale materials is presented. The effect of the incorporated components on the protective properties of the obtained surface layers was studied. It is established that the presence of nanomaterials in the composition of composite coatings makes it possible to reduce the corrosion current density by 4 orders of magnitude in comparison with the base PEO layer. The data of tribological studies confirm a significant increase in the wear resistance of coatings (by 2-4 orders of magnitude). The presence of hydrophobic substances in the composition of composite coatings in combination with the formation technique allows to impart high hydrophobic properties to composite coatings.