bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterising near misses and injuries in the temporary agency construction workforce: qualitative study approach
Authors: Santiago Katerina , Yang Xuan , Ruano-Herreria Estefania C , Chalmers Juanita , Cavicchia Philip , Caban-Martinez Alberto J 
Published: January 2020

ObjectivesTo understand and characterise the construct of ‘near misses’ from the perspective of temporary construction workers and to describe the safety and health risks associated with and contributing to near misses and injuries in temporary workers in the construction industry.MethodsSix semistructured language-sensitive (ie, English and Spanish) focus group discussions were conducted with workers (n=43) employed with temporary staffing agencies in South Florida. This convenience sample completed a demographic questionnaire prior to the focus group discussion. A general inductive approach was used to examine near misses in the construction industry and the unique safety and health concerns of temporary workers.ResultsFour broad themes describing near misses, reporting practices and workplace safety hazards in the construction industry were derived from the group discussions: (1) non-standard workers in the construction industry draw a clear distinction between near misses and injury and believe their best protections from both occur at the worker level; (2) social network structure on construction worksites is an effective way to protect workers against injury and near misses; (3) safety and health priorities and policies at the organisational level differ from those at the worker level, which contributes to workplace injury; and (4) reporting of safety concerns and near misses is influenced by injury severity.ConclusionsTemporary workers in the construction industry are familiar with near misses but have limited resources to protect themselves against potential health and safety hazards. These non-standard workers addressed unique barriers to staying safe at work and identified potential improvements.
Levo-corydalmine attenuates microglia activation and neuropathic pain by suppressing ASK1-p38 MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathways in rat spinal cord
Authors: Dai Wen-Ling , Bao Yi-Ni , Fan Ji-Fa , Li Shan-Shan , Zhao Wan-Li , Yu Bo-Yang , Liu Ji-Hua 
Published: January 2020

Background and objectivesNeuropathic pain is partially refractory to currently available treatments. Although some studies have reported that apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) may inhibit chronic pain, the mechanisms underlying this process have not been fully elucidated.MethodsChronic constriction injury (CCI) of the rat sciatic nerve was used to establish a neuropathic pain model. Nociception was assessed using von Frey hair and Hargreaves’ methods. Western blot and immunofluorescence were used to detect the cell signaling pathway. BV2 cell line was cultured for in vitro evaluation.ResultsOur results indicated that spinal ASK1 was co-expressed with the microglia marker ionized calcium binding adaptor 1. Additionally, intrathecal administration of ASK1 inhibitor suppressed the activation of spinal microglia and attenuated CCI-induced neuropathic pain. The ASK1 inhibitor also decreased the levels of phosphorylated ASK1 (p-ASK1), p65, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) messenger RNA in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BV2 microglia cells. Intragastric administration oflevo-corydalmine (l-CDL) significantly attenuated CCI-induced neuropathic pain and inhibited the expression of p-ASK1 in the spinal cord.l-CDL conspicuously suppressed the activation of spinal microglia in vitro and in vivo. Translocation of nuclearfactor-kappa B (NF-κB) and upregulation of p-p65, TNF-α, IL-1β were inhibited byl-CDL. Further, the analgesic effects ofl-CDL were associated with reduced levels of phosphorylated protein kinase C (PKC γ), c-JunNH2-terminal kinase, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase.ConclusionsThis study showed that the expression of ASK1 in spinal microglia and ASK1 inhibitor suppressed microglia activation via suppression of p38 MAPK/NF-κB, which ultimately attenuated CCI-induced neuropathic pain.l-CDL also inhibited the ASK1-P38 MAPK/NF-κB axis to attenuate CCI-induced neuropathic pain.
Influence of age and ovarian antral follicle count on the reproductive characteristics of embryo donor mares
Authors: Goncalves Gustavo Romero , Morotti Fábio , Colombo Antonio Hugo Bezerra , Bonato Denis Vinicius , Bizarro‐Silva Camila , Rosa Camila Oliveira , Cavalieri Fábio Luiz Bim , Seneda Marcelo Marcondes 
Published: January 2020

BackgroundAge and antral follicle count (AFC) are related to fertility in cattle, but this information remains limited in mares.MethodsTo verify the influence of age and AFC on the reproductive characteristics of mares, 15 Quarter Horse donors, with 5–15 antral follicles, ranging from three to 17 years old, healthy and in good nutritional status, were divided into groups with low AFC (≤9 follicles) or high AFC (≥10 follicles) and mares considered young (≤9 years) or old (≥10 years). Mares were submitted to ultrasonography to determine the dominant follicle diameter, follicular growth rate, degree of uterine oedema and embryonic recovery for a minimum of three oestrous cycles.ResultsAFC was higher (P=0.001) in young mares compared with old mares. An interaction (P=0.001) between AFC and age was observed with regard to follicular growth rate, being that mares with low AFC and are old showed the lowest follicular growth compared with those of low AFC and young, high AFC and old, and high AFC and young. Younger mares and those with high AFC exhibited higher degree of uterine oedema (P<0.05) on the third day of oestrus compared with older mares and with low AFC (3 and 2, respectively). However, in both groups, the degree of oedema reduced by the time of ovulation.ConclusionFollicular growth rate, degree of uterine oedema and the number of antral follicles are higher in young mares with high AFC. However, the rate of embryonic recovery is not influenced by donors’ age or AFC.
Sex and fiber type independently influence AMPK, TBC1D1, and TBC1D4 at rest and during recovery from high-intensity exercise in humans
Authors: Tobias Irene S. , Lazauskas Kara K. , Siu Jeremy , Costa Pablo B. , Coburn Jared W. , Galpin Andrew J. 
Published: January 2020

Women and men present different metabolic responses to exercise, yet whether this phenomenon results from differences in fiber type (FT) composition or other sex-specific factors remains unclear. Therefore, our aim was to examine the effects of sex and FT independently on AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), Tre-2/BUB2/CDC1 domain family (TBC1D)1, and TBC1D4 in response to acute exercise. Segregated pools of myosin heavy chain (MHC) I and MHC IIa fibers were prepared from vastus lateralis biopsies of young trained men and women at rest and during recovery (0 min, 45 min, 90 min, or 180 min) from high-intensity interval exercise (6 × 1.5 min at 95% maximum oxygen uptake). In resting MHC I vs. IIa fibers, AMPKα2, AMPKγ3, and TBC1D1 were higher and TBC1D4 expression was lower in both sexes, along with higher phospho (p)-TBC1D1Ser660and lower p-TBC1D4Thr642. Women expressed higher ACC than men in MHC IIa fibers and higher AMPKβ1, AMPKβ2, TBC1D1, and TBC1D4 in both FTs. Immediately after exercise, p-AMPKαThr172increased only in MHC IIa fibers, whereas p-ACCSer221increased in both FTs, with no change in p-TBC1D1Ser660or p-TBC1D4Thr642. During recovery, delayed responses were observed for p-AMPKαThr172in MHC I (45 min), p-TBC1D4Thr642in both FTs (45 min), and p-TBC1D1Ser660(180 min). FT-specific phosphorylation responses to exercise were similar between men and women. Data indicate that sex and FT independently influence expression of AMPK and its substrates. Thus failing to account for sex or FT may reduce accuracy and precision of metabolic protein measurements and conceal key findings.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This investigation is the first to compare muscle fiber type (FT)-specific analysis of proteins between the sexes, providing comprehensive data on AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), Tre-2/BUB2/CDC1 domain family (TBC1D)1, and TBC1D4 before and in the hours following high-intensity interval exercise (HIIT). Expression and phosphorylation of specific AMPK isoforms, ACC, TBC1D1, and TBC1D4 were shown to be FT dependent, sex dependent, or both, and TBC1D1 showed an unexpected delay in FT-dependent phosphorylation in the time period following HIIT.
The understanding of the concept LANGUAGE among young people in Lithuania and Lithuanians living abroad
Authors: Smetona Marius , Smetonienė Irena 
Published: January 2020

The understanding of the concept LANGUAGE among young people in Lithuania and Lithuanians living abroadThis article applies the methodology developed by the Ethnolinguistic School of Lublin to analyse how the concept LANGUAGE (Lith. KALBA) is understood by young people in Lithuania and how its understanding changes when a person lives far away from their homeland. A comparison of replies from the two groups indicates that the social aspect has the most weight in both of them, as the difference in the percentage of mentions of this aspect was quite small. Lithuanians living abroad tend to stress the cultural and the psychosocial aspects much more; they find the connection with other Lithuanians very important. The survey of young people in Lithuania reveals a more distinct ideological aspect of LANGUAGE, and the historical and political aspects, even though they occur rarely, are still present, while the replies from the respondents living abroad lack the latter two. However, the survey of Lithuanian emigrants has uncovered a locative aspect, which is not present among the respondents living in the country. Young people in Lithuania have a somewhat broader understanding of the concept: when they think about language, they are already beginning to look for other possibilities of linguistic expression, noting that language is more than just sounds or words, but also includes gestures; they also mention programming languages. Rozumienie pojęcia JĘZYK wśród litewskiej młodzieży i Litwinów za granicąNiniejszy artykuł, oparty na metodologii lubelskiej szkoły etnolingwistycznej, ukazuje, jak pojęcie JĘZYK (lit. KALBA) jest rozumiane przez współczesnych młodych mieszkańców Litwy i jak zmienia się jego konceptualizacja, gdy osoby przebywają przez dłuższy czas z dala od ojczyzny. Porównanie odpowiedzi obu grup respondentów uwidoczniło, że badani najliczniej przypisują językowi aspekt społeczny i różnica procentowa w wyborze tego kryterium w obu grupach nie jest duża. Emigranci litewscy mocniej natomiast wyróżniają aspekt kulturowy i psychospołeczny języka, dla nich relacje z innymi Litwinami są bardzo ważne. W odpowiedziach studentów mieszkających na Litwie często występuje aspekt ideologiczny języka, rzadziej – historyczny i polityczny, a w odpowiedziach emigrantów takich aspektów nie ma, chociaż można tu z kolei wyróżnić aspekt lokatywny, który nie zaznaczył się w ankietach respondentów z Litwy. Młodzież z Litwy język rozumie nieco szerzej: stara się szukać innych możliwości ekspresji językowej, uważa, że pojęcie JĘZYK obejmuje nie tylko dźwięki lub słowa, ale i gesty, a nawet języki programowania.
Factors Affecting the Behavior and Duration of Breastfeeding Among Physician Mothers
Authors: Ersen Gamze , Kasim Ismail , Agadayi Ezgi , Demir Alsancak Aybuke , Sengezer Tijen , Ozkara Adem 
Published: January 2020

Background Increasing breastfeeding duration may help physician mothers better counsel their patients. To improve the breastfeeding duration of physician mothers, the factors that may influence their breastfeeding duration should be known. Research Aim To investigate the breastfeeding behavior and duration among physician mothers and to determine the factors that influence breastfeeding practices. Methods This was an online prospective cross-sectional self-report survey. A 26-item author-created data-collecting tool inquiring sociodemographic and work characteristics, medical history of delivery, and breastfeeding history was sent to female physicians who had infants between 12 and 60 months of age via an online social group, “Physician Mothers,” with 11,632 members. Participants ( N = 615) responded, and descriptive statistics were analyzed. Results Participants’ mean duration of exclusive breastfeeding was 4.8 months ( SD = 1.9). The total breastfeeding length was a mean 15.8 months ( SD = 7.6). The rate of breastfeeding duration for at least 24 months was 17.8% ( n = 75). The most common reason for weaning from breastfeeding was workplace-related conditions (23.6%, n = 145). Participants reported that the mean time of resuming night shifts after delivery was 8.6 months ( SD = 4.7). The rate of participants who were unable to use their breastfeeding leave rights partially or completely was 43.6% ( n = 268). Conclusion Although legislation is in place to allow working mothers to breastfeed their infants, these legal rights were not used properly. Physician mothers should be fully supported in using their breastfeeding leave rights, and workplace conditions should be improved to enable physician mothers to breastfeed their infants for extended periods.
Formalin Versus Bouin Solution for Testis Biopsies: Which Is the Better Fixative?
Authors: Ellenburg James L , Kolettis Peter , Drwiega Joseph C , Posey Anna M , Goldberg Matthew , Mehrad Mitra , Giannico Giovanna , Gordetsky Jennifer 
Published: January 2020

Purpose: Some resources recommended Bouin solution for the fixation of testis biopsy specimens. We compared the histologic quality of rat testicular tissue using buffered formalin and Bouin solution as fixatives. Methods: We prospectively compared the histologic quality of rat testicular tissue fixed in Bouin solution versus formalin. Testicular tissue was harvested post-mortem from six rats. Each testis was removed and sectioned in half; one half was fixed in formalin and one half in Bouin solution. Testicular tissue histology (nuclear membrane detail, nuclear granularity, cytoplasmic granularity, cytoplasmic membrane detail, and basement membrane detail) was graded as high quality (2) or low quality (1). Sloughing of cells into the lumens of the seminiferous tubules was graded on a 0-3 scale (0=none, 1=mild, 2=moderate, 3=extensive). Results: All slides regardless of fixative were of appropriate quality for the histologic evaluation of spermatogenesis. The average sloughing score for formalin cases was 1.4 and for Bouin cases 1.6. Formalin fixed tissue was found to have high quality nuclear membrane detail (2), nuclear granularity (1.9), and basement membrane detail (2). Cytoplasmic granularity was of lesser but adequate quality (1.4). Cytoplasmic membrane detail was poor, (1). Tissue fixed with Bouin solution had high quality basement membrane detail (2) and adequate cytoplasmic granularity (1.5), nuclear membrane detail (1.3) and nuclear granularity (1.4). Cytoplasmic membrane detail was poor (1). Conclusion: Compared to Bouin solution, formalin fixation of rat testicular tissue produced adequate histology for the evaluation of spermatogenesis and may be superior to Bouin solution for certain cytologic features.
How I treat anemia in heart failure
Authors: Anand Inder , Gupta Pankaj 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Anemia is a very common comorbidity in patients with heart failure (HF), affecting ∼30% of stable ambulatory patients and 50% patients with acute decompensated HF. Absolute or functional iron deficiency (ID) is seen in ∼50% patients with HF. Both of these comorbidities often coexist and are independently associated with increased mortality and hospitalizations. These findings led several investigators to test the hypotheses that treatment of anemia and ID in HF would improve symptoms and long-term outcomes. Small studies showed that erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) improve subjective measures of HF. However, a large pivotal outcome trial found that the ESA darbepoetin alfa did not improve long-term outcomes in patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction and instead was associated with adverse effects. Studies using IV iron have had somewhat greater success, showing improvements in subjective and some objective measures of HF. However, more research is needed to establish the best treatment options for these high-risk patients. We present 5 common scenarios of patients with HF and anemia and describe our personal approach on how we might treat them based on objective evidence where available. An algorithm that offers guidance in regard to personalized therapy for such patients is also presented.
Spatial-temporal distribution of human brucellosis in mainland China from 2004 to 2017 and an analysis of social and environmental factors
Authors: Peng Cheng , Li Yan-Jun , Huang De-Sheng , Guan Peng 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to describe the changing distribution of human brucellosis between 2004 and 2017 in mainland China and seek scientific evidence of the relationship between socio-economic, environmental, and ecological factors and human brucellosis incidence.

Methods
The annual numbers of brucellosis cases and incidence rates from 31 provinces in mainland China between 2004 and 2017 were obtained from the Data-Center for China Public Health Science. The number of monthly brucellosis cases in 2018 was obtained from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. The electronic map of the People’s Republic of China was downloaded from the National Earth System Science Data Sharing Platform. Human population density, gross domestic product (GDP), and an inventory of cattle and sheep at the end of each year from 2004 to 2017 were obtained from the National Bureau of Statistics of China. Annual rainfall data from 31 provinces in the People’s Republic of China from 2004 to 2017 were collected from the China Meteorological Data Service Center. The risk distribution and changing trends of human brucellosis were mapped with ArcGIS. A cluster analysis was employed to identify geographical areas and periods with statistically significant incidence rates. Multivariate linear regression was used to determine possible factors that were significantly correlated with the presence of human brucellosis cases.

Results
Human brucellosis cases have spread throughout the whole country. Human brucellosis cases occurred mostly from March to August and were concentrated from April to July. The inventory of sheep, GDP, and climate were significantly correlated with the presence of brucellosis cases in mainland China.

Conclusions
The geographical expansion of human brucellosis in mainland China was observed, so did the high-incidence clusters between 2004 and 2017. Most of the cases were reported during the early spring to early summer (February–August). Results from the multivariate linear regression suggested that the inventory of sheep, GDP, and climate were significantly associated with the incidence of human brucellosis in mainland China.
Bayesian mixture regression analysis for regulation of Pluripotency in ES cells
Authors: Aflakparast Mehran , Geeven Geert , de Gunst Mathisca C.M. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
Observed levels of gene expression strongly depend on both activity of DNA binding transcription factors (TFs) and chromatin state through different histone modifications (HMs). In order to recover the functional relationship between local chromatin state, TF binding and observed levels of gene expression, regression methods have proven to be useful tools. They have been successfully applied to predict mRNA levels from genome-wide experimental data and they provide insight into context-dependent gene regulatory mechanisms. However, heterogeneity arising from gene-set specific regulatory interactions is often overlooked.

Results
We show that regression models that predict gene expression by using experimentally derived ChIP-seq profiles of TFs can be significantly improved by mixture modelling. In order to find biologically relevant gene clusters, we employ a Bayesian allocation procedure which allows us to integrate additional biological information such as three-dimensional nuclear organization of chromosomes and gene function. The data integration procedure involves transforming the additional data into gene similarity values. We propose a generic similarity measure that is especially suitable for situations where the additional data are of both continuous and discrete type, and compare its performance with similar measures in the context of mixture modelling.

Conclusions
We applied the proposed method on a data from mouse embryonic stem cells (ESC). We find that including additional data results in mixture components that exhibit biologically meaningful gene clusters, and provides valuable insight into the heterogeneity of the regulatory interactions.
Comparison of the molecular and cellular phenotypes of common mouse syngeneic models with human tumors
Authors: Zhong Wenyan , Myers Jeremy S. , Wang Fang , Wang Kai , Lucas Justin , Rosfjord Edward , Lucas Judy , Hooper Andrea T. , Yang Sharon , Lemon Lu Anna , Guffroy Magali , May Chad , Bienkowska Jadwiga R. , Rejto Paul A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe clinical success of immune checkpoint inhibitors demonstrates that reactivation of the human immune system delivers durable responses for some patients and represents an exciting approach for cancer treatment. An important class of preclinical in vivo models for immuno-oncology is immunocompetent mice bearing mouse syngeneic tumors. To facilitate translation of preclinical studies into human, we characterized the genomic, transcriptomic, and protein expression of a panel of ten commonly used mouse tumor cell lines grown in vitro culture as well as in vivo tumors.ResultsOur studies identified a number of genetic and cellular phenotypic differences that distinguish commonly used mouse syngeneic models in our study from human cancers. Only a fraction of the somatic single nucleotide variants (SNVs) in these common mouse cell lines directly match SNVs in human actionable cancer genes. Some models derived from epithelial tumors have a more mesenchymal phenotype with relatively low T-lymphocyte infiltration compared to the corresponding human cancers. CT26, a colon tumor model, had the highest immunogenicity and was the model most responsive to CTLA4 inhibitor treatment, by contrast to the relatively low immunogenicity and response rate to checkpoint inhibitor therapies in human colon cancers.ConclusionsThe relative immunogenicity of these ten syngeneic tumors does not resemble typical human tumors derived from the same tissue of origin. By characterizing the mouse syngeneic models and comparing with their human tumor counterparts, this study contributes to a framework that may help investigators select the model most relevant to study a particular immune-oncology mechanism, and may rationalize some of the challenges associated with translating preclinical findings to clinical studies.