bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Weyl’s unified field theory: Perspectives for a new approach
Authors: Sanomiya T. A. T. , Lobo I. , Formiga J. B. , Romero C. 
Published: January 2020

We revisit Weyl’s unified field theory, which arose in 1918, shortly after general relativity was discovered. As is well known, in order to extend the program of geometrization of physics started by Einstein to include the electromagnetic field, H. Weyl developed a new geometry which constitutes a kind of generalization of Riemannian geometry. However, despite its mathematical elegance and beauty, a serious objection was made by Einstein, who considered Weyl’s theory not suitable as a physical theory since it seemed to lead to the prediction of a not yet observed effect, the so-called “second clock effect”. In this paper, our aim is to discuss Weyl’s proposal anew and examine its consistency and completeness as a physical theory. Finally, we propose new directions and possible conceptual changes in the original work. We believe that in this way we could perhaps be led to a rich and interesting new modified gravity theory.
Multiple positive solutions for nonlocal elliptic problems involving the Hardy potential and concave–convex nonlinearities
Authors: Shakerian Shaya 
Published: January 2020

In this paper, we study the existence and multiplicity of solutions for the following fractional problem involving the Hardy potential and concave–convex nonlinearities: [Formula: see text] where [Formula: see text] is a smooth bounded domain in [Formula: see text] containing [Formula: see text] in its interior, and [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text] which may change sign in [Formula: see text]. We use the variational methods and the Nehari manifold decomposition to prove that this problem has at least two positive solutions for [Formula: see text] sufficiently small. The variational approach requires that [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text], the latter being the best fractional Hardy constant on [Formula: see text].
Impedância pulmonar como novo marcador de fisioterapia respiratória em adultos com distúrbios ventilatórios obstrutivos
Authors: Santos Dyovana Silva Dos , Spitznagel Andressa Schenkel , Branco Karolini Reis , Donadio Márcio Vinícius Fagundes , Schivinski Camila Isabel Santos , Schiwe Daniele , Heinzmann Filho João Paulo 
Published: January 2020

Modelo do estudo: Revisão sistemática.
Objetivo: Avaliar se os recursos de fisioterapia respiratória modificam a impedância pulmonar avaliada pelas técnicas de oscilações forçadas (TOF’s) em adultos com distúrbios ventilatórios obstrutivos. Método: Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática conduzida nas bases de dados PubMed, Scielo, Lilacs e PEDro, utilizando-se a seguinte estratégia de busca: Obstructive pulmonary disease OR chronic obstructive pulmonary disease OR COPD OR Bronchiectasis OR Bronchial diseases OR Cystic fibrosis OR mucoviscidosis AND impulse oscillometry OR forced oscillation techniques AND physical therapy OR physiotherapy AND Airway Resistance. Resultados: De um total de 216 artigos, apenas 3 foram incluídos. As amostras totalizaram 64 participantes, incluindo adultos com fibrose cística (FC), doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica (DPOC) e bronquiectasias. Dois estudos utilizaram o flutter® e um realizou drenagem autógena. A impedância pulmonar foi avaliada em duas pesquisas pelo sistema de oscilometria de impulso (IOS) e em um pela TOF modificada (TOF-m). Houve redução da resistência em várias frequências, sendo que as mais frequentes foram a resistência total (3/3), a resistência central (2/3) e a periférica (2/3). Além disso, a reatância pulmonar apresentou resultados conflitantes. Conclusão: Evidenciou-se que os recursos fisioterapêuticos utilizados para remoção de secreções das vias aéreas modificam a impedância pulmonar avaliada pelas TOF’s em adultos com DVO, sendo a resistência total das vias aéreas o parâmetro com maior ganho terapêutico.
Healthy Hearts via Live Videoconferencing: An Exercise and Diet Intervention in Pediatric Heart Transplant Recipients
Authors: Chen Angela C. , Ramirez Faustine D. , Rosenthal David N. , Couch Sarah C. , Berry Samuel , Stauffer Katie J. , Brabender Jerrid , McDonald Nancy , Lee Donna , Barkoff Lynsey , Nourse Susan E. , Kazmucha Jeffrey , Wang C. Jason , Olson Inger , Selamet Tierney Elif Seda 
Published: January 2020

Background
Pediatric heart transplant recipients have high‐risk cardiovascular profiles that can affect their long‐term outcomes; however, promoting exercise and healthy diet has not been a major focus in the field. The objective of this study was to test the feasibility and impact of a supervised exercise and diet intervention delivered via live videoconferencing in this population.

Methods and Results

Patients 8 to 19 years of age at least 1 year post heart transplantation were enrolled. The 12‐ to 16‐week intervention phase included live video–supervised exercise (×3/week) and nutrition (×1/week) sessions. The 12‐ to 16‐week maintenance phase included ×1/week live video–supervised exercise and nutrition sessions and ×2/week self‐directed exercise sessions. Cardiac, vascular, nutritional, and functional health indices were obtained at baseline, after intervention, and after maintenance. Fourteen patients (median age, 15.2; interquartile range, 14.3–16.7 years) at a median of 3.3 (interquartile range, 1.5–9.7) years after heart transplant completed the intervention. Patients attended 89.6±11% of exercise and 88.4±10% of nutrition sessions during the intervention and 93.4±11% of exercise and 92.3±11% of nutrition sessions during maintenance. After intervention, body mass index percentile (median, −27%;
P
=0.02), endothelial function (median, +0.29;
P
=0.04), maximum oxygen consumption (median, +2 mL/kg per minute;
P
=0.002). Functional Movement Screening total score (median, +2.5;
P
=0.002) and daily consumption of saturated fat (median, −6 g;
P
=0.02) improved significantly. After maintenance, improvements in maximum oxygen consumption (median, +3.2 mL/kg per minute;
P
=0.02) and Functional Movement Screening total score (median, +5;
P
=0.002) were sustained.

Conclusions
In pediatric heart transplant recipients, a live video–supervised exercise and diet intervention is feasible. Our results demonstrate excellent adherence with significant improvements in cardiovascular and functional health.

Clinical Trial Registration

URL
:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier:
NCT
02519946.
The Welfare Consequences of Centralization: Evidence from a Quasi-Natural Experiment in Switzerland
Authors: Flèche Sarah 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Many countries are reallocating tasks and powers to more central levels of government. To identify centralization's welfare effects, I use a difference-in-differences design that relies on time and cross-cantonal variation in the implementation of centralization reforms in Switzerland. I find that centralization provokes significant decreases in residents' life satisfaction. I identify one mechanism driving the effect: the procedural disutility that individuals experience from having less influence over the formulation of political decisions. This effect is largest among individuals with higher expected benefits from being involved in the political decision process, with detrimental effects on local political participation.
The Virtuous Cycle of Property
Authors: Fabbri Marco , Dari-Mattiacci Giuseppe 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
This paper shows that formalizing private property rights has a positive effect on the propensity to respect the property of others. We study a recent large-scale land tenure reform in West Africa that was the first of its kind to be implemented as a randomized control trial. Results of a modified dictator game show that the formalization of private property rights reduced an individual's willingness to take from others' endowment. We used additional experimental measures and postexperimental survey data to rule out alternative explanations for the observed behavior that do not imply a change in preferences.
Premarital Sex in Biblical Law: a Cross-Cultural Perspective
Authors: Shveka Avi , Faust Avraham 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
It is commonly held in recent scholarship that biblical law, like the society in which it was generated, did not regard premarital sex as a severe offence. The law of the slandered bride (Deut 22:13-22), which determines that a bride that was found non-virgin on her wedding night shall be killed, has therefore become during the last decades a riddle for biblical law researchers, who try to explain the girl’s sin in various ways. We claim that this view ignores the wealth of ethnographic data that shows that harsh treatment of premarital sex is common, especially in patrilineal and patrilocal societies (as was ancient Israelite society). Moreover, a reexamination of other biblical laws regarding sexual conduct in light of the same ethnographic data shows that they reflect the very same attitudes. The different laws are not contradictory but rather complementary—all reflecting a typical patriarchal, androcentric, traditional society.
The Miracle of the Sun and Moon in Joshua 10 as a Solar Eclipse
Authors: Vainstub Daniel , Yizhaq Hezi , Avner Uzi 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
This paper offers an interpretation of the astronomical phenomenon described in Josh 10:12-13 as an annular solar eclipse. According to NASA data, this type of eclipse was seen in the skies of central Israel, where the ancient city of Gibeon was located, on October 30, 1207 BCE. A philological analysis of both Joshua 10 and Habakkuk 3 shows that the phenomenon is described using polysemic verbs in poetic style, describing the darkening of the sun by the moon “standing” in front of it.
Language, Exegesis, and Creative Writing in Chronicles
Authors: Joosten Jan 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The verb התחפש is well-known in the meaning “to disguise oneself,” but this meaning does not seem to fit its context in 2 Chron 35:22. Why would Josiah disguise himself when going to battle with Necho? In this paper it will be argued that the verb was borrowed from the story on Micah ben Yimlah (1 Kgs 22:30) in the course of the Chronicler’s reshaping of Josiah in the image of Ahab, but that its semantics reflect a later interpretation of some elements in that story. The later interpretation is attested independently in the Peshitta and the Vulgate where התחפש is rendered as “to arm oneself.”
Tracing Text Types in Biblical Hebrew
Authors: Van Peursen Wido 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Weinrich’s monograph Tempus: besprochene und erzählte Welt (1964) had a tremendous influence on the study of Biblical Hebrew. Studies by Schneider, Talstra and Niccacci and others are strongly influenced by Weinrich. In the ETCBC database of the Hebrew Bible, initiated by Eep Talstra in the 1970s, some of Weinrich’s insights have been integrated. Amidst hundreds of studies in general linguistics, why was it precisely this book that had such a great impact? How should we evaluate this impact? Are Weinrich’s insights still useful or have they become outdated? In this article we describe the introduction of Weinrich’s insights into Biblical studies and some developments that have taken place since then, both in general linguistics and in Biblical studies. We further describe and evaluate the classification of Biblical Hebrew text types which developed from these insights
Midwife toads (Alytes obstetricans) select their diurnal refuges based on hydric and thermal properties
Authors: Lange Léa , Brischoux François , Lourdais Olivier 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Most amphibians use both aquatic and terrestrial habitats. While the aquatic phase attracted considerable interest, terrestrial habitat use is often less investigated. We studied diurnal refuge selection in the Midwife toad in Western central France. We used a factorial design and tested the effect of refuge type (wood versus rubber boards) and substrate (wet sawdust versus bare soil). Most animals were observed under refuges with sawdust substrate. An interaction between refuge type and temperature was detected with higher presence probability under rubber refuges at low temperature. Conflicting hydric and thermic requirements are likely determinants of the observed pattern.
Is Sino-Africa Bilateral Trade More than Resource Focused? The Rhetoric and the Reality
Authors: Alemu Aye , Zhang Wenqing 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
This study uses an augmented dynamic gravity model to identify the main contributing factors influencing bilateral trade between China and 46 African countries in general and to test whether Sino-Africa bilateral trade is more than resource focused in particular. Natural resource was captured by “oil exports” and “ores & metal exports,” and the empirical analysis verifies only “oil” not “ores & metals” to significantly influence the growing Sino-Africa bilateral trade. Thus, the empirical result partially supports the widely held view that natural resources are critical to bilateral trade between China and African countries. However, it is not true that Chinese engagement in Africa is exclusively due to natural resources as always portrayed. Apart from the oil factor, some other significant factors for the growing bilateral trade are identified. The study indicates there is a huge opportunity and potential for rapid expansion of Sino-Africa bilateral trade that is mutually beneficial.
Assessing Borrowing
Authors: Azize Joseph 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The history of esoteric currents cannot be intrinsically closed to scholarly research and query. Here, we shall examine just one question: that of methodology in examining the sources of esoteric systems. We shall take but one case study: that of Tobias Churton’s recent book-length efforts to “deconstruct” George Ivanovich Gurdjieff and his teaching. Like others before him, he traces diverse aspects of Gurdjieff’s teaching to different sources, viewing Gurdjieff as a synthesiser, who disguised his debt to Western Esotericism and presented it as his “Fourth Way”. How can such a theory be evaluated? Is it possible to draw up a canon of principles for assessing borrowing? In evaluating borrowing, does the whole of a teaching possess a significance over and above the parts? What is the significance of the phenomenon of borrowing? After noting some results of research on inter-cultural borrowings in ancient mythology, I make suggestions for sound methodology.
Intra-seasonal trends in phloem traits in Pinus spp. from drought-prone environments
Authors: Balzano Angela , De Micco Veronica , Čufar Katarina , De Luis Martin , Gričar Jožica 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Recent studies on the seasonal dynamics of secondary tissue formation in Mediterranean trees have shown that xylogenesis depends on species and site conditions, but many questions still remain open. On the other side of the cambium, even less information is available about phloem structure and timing of its formation. We analysed intra-annual phloem variation in width and cell traits in the conducting, non-collapsed phloem (CPH) of Pinus pinea and Pinus halepensis at Mediterranean sites in southern Italy and Spain. In all investigated trees, it was possible to differentiate among the non-conducting, collapsed phloem (NCPH), and the CPH. CPH showed no evident annual growth layers; no differences in radial dimensions of early- and late phloem sieve cells, and no cyclic patterns of axial parenchyma distribution. Since it was not possible to study the seasonality of the phloem growth, we analysed the entire CPH. CPH width showed seasonal fluctuations and was generally the widest during the maximum cambial activity and narrowest during summer and winter. The radial size of newly formed sieve cells varied in relation to seasonal dynamics of cambial activity and fluctuations in local weather conditions. The number of axial parenchyma cells in CPH increased during the summer. The observed intra-annual variations in CPH width and structure seemed to be correlated with seasonal weather conditions in order to ensure a sufficient amount of conducting phloem tissue for translocation of photosynthates and signalling molecules to the actively growing tissues along the stem of a tree growing in the harsh Mediterranean conditions.
La Peau de Weltliteratur
Authors: Valentine Colton Alexander 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Honoré de Balzac’s La Peau de chagrin is a window into a pivotal moment in the international circulation of the idea of Weltliteratur. Published just four years after Goethe coined the term, Balzac’s novel both instantiated and theorized the concept. To make this case, I first trace the novel’s transtextual dialogue with Goethe’s theater and theory. Then, drawing on the work of Pierre Bourdieu and Gisèle Sapiro, I specify which tenets of Goethe’s model hold and which shift in that transfer. Heightened Eurocentricism speaks to a distinction between the French and German literary fields, mediated by the newspaper Le Globe. Increased skepticism toward the regime is mediated by Balzac himself, revealing a peculiar class of agents of Weltliteratur: conscious beneficiaries who remained, paradoxically, unwilling participants.
The Jesuits in Japan and Asian Poetries in Moveable Type
Authors: Niedermaier Jeffrey 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
In 1600, Japan-based Jesuits printed a moveable-type edition of the Wakan rōeishū (The Collection of Japanese and Chinese resonant verse), a bilingual anthology of classical Japanese and Chinese poetry that had long been an emblem of Japan’s literary world. Made to educate Japanese and foreigners alike in the scripts, languages, and literatures of Japan, the Amakusa Rōeishū was a component of an educational and evangelizing mission. Although it was neither translated into European languages nor widely circulated, the Amakusa Rōeishū represents an alternative to prevailing conceptions of world literature in its capacity to invite and challenge readers to work through its (decreasingly) foreign systems of meaning. By redesigning the anthology’s title page, reediting its contents, and repositioning it on a multilingual and multidirectional curriculum, Jesuit printers and teachers invited an incommensurate ecumene of readers to work through a singular text from a plurality of directions.
Greek Lyric of the Archaic and Classical Periods
Authors: Fearn David 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
What is distinctive about Greek lyric poetry? How should we conceptualize it in relation to broader categories such as literature / song / music / rhetoric / history? What critical tools might we use to analyze it? How do we, should we, can we relate to its intensities of expression, its modes of address, its uses of myth and imagery, its attitudes to materiality, its sense of its own time, and its contextualizations? These are the questions that this discussion seeks to investigate, exploring and analysing a range of influential methodologies that have shaped the recent history of the field.
Organization of intensive cardiac care units in Europe: Results of a multinational survey
Authors: Claeys MJ , Roubille F , Casella G , Zukermann R , Nikolaou N , De Luca L , Gierlotka M , Iakobishvili Z , Thiele H , Koutouzis M , Sionis A , Monteiro S , Beauloye C , Held C , Tint D , Zakke I , Serpytis P , Babic Z , Belohlavev J , Magdy A , Sivagowry Rasalingam M , Daly K , Arroyo D , Vavlukis M , Radovanovic N , Trendafilova E , Marandi T , Hassenger C , Lettino M , Price S , Bonnefoy E 
Published: January 2020

Background:
The present survey aims to describe the intensive cardiac care unit organization and admission policies in Europe.

Methods:
A total of 228 hospitals (61% academic) from 27 countries participated in this survey. In addition to the organizational aspects of the intensive cardiac care units, including classification of the intensive cardiac care unit levels, data on the admission diagnoses were gathered from consecutive patients who were admitted during a two-day period. Admission policies were evaluated by comparing illness severity with the intensive cardiac care unit level. Gross national income was used to differentiate high-income countries (n=13) from middle-income countries (n=14).

Results:
A total of 98% of the hospitals had an intensive cardiac care unit: 70% had a level 1 intensive cardiac care unit, 76% had a level 2 intensive cardiac care unit, 51% had a level 3 intensive cardiac care unit, and 60% of the hospitals had more than one intensive cardiac care unit level. High-income countries tended to have more level 3 intensive cardiac care units than middle-income countries (55% versus 41%, p=0.07). A total of 5159 admissions were scored on illness severity: 63% were low severity, 24% were intermediate severity, and 12% were high severity. Patients with low illness severity were predominantly admitted to level 1 intensive cardiac care units, whereas patients with high illness severity were predominantly admitted to level 2 and 3 intensive cardiac care units. A policy mismatch was observed in 12% of the patients; some patients with high illness severity were admitted to level 1 intensive cardiac care units, which occurred more often in middle-income countries, whereas some patients with low illness severity were admitted to level 3 intensive cardiac care units, which occurred more frequently in high-income countries.

Conclusion:
More than one-third of the admitted patients were considered intermediate or high risk. Although patients with higher illness severity were mostly admitted to high-level intensive cardiac care units, an admission policy mismatch was observed in 12% of the patients; this mismatch was partly related to insufficient logistic intensive cardiac care unit capacity.
Co-opted transposons help perpetuate conserved higher-order chromosomal structures
Authors: Choudhary Mayank NK , Friedman Ryan Z. , Wang Julia T. , Jang Hyo Sik , Zhuo Xiaoyu , Wang Ting 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundTransposable elements (TEs) make up half of mammalian genomes and shape genome regulation by harboring binding sites for regulatory factors. These include binding sites for architectural proteins, such as CTCF, RAD21, and SMC3, that are involved in tethering chromatin loops and marking domain boundaries. The 3D organization of the mammalian genome is intimately linked to its function and is remarkably conserved. However, the mechanisms by which these structural intricacies emerge and evolve have not been thoroughly probed.ResultsHere, we show that TEs contribute extensively to both the formation of species-specific loops in humans and mice through deposition of novel anchoring motifs, as well as to the maintenance of conserved loops across both species through CTCF binding site turnover. The latter function demonstrates the ability of TEs to contribute to genome plasticity and reinforce conserved genome architecture as redundant loop anchors. Deleting such candidate TEs in human cells leads to the collapse of conserved loop and domain structures. These TEs are also marked by reduced DNA methylation and bear mutational signatures of hypomethylation through evolutionary time.ConclusionsTEs have long been considered a source of genetic innovation. By examining their contribution to genome topology, we show that TEs can contribute to regulatory plasticity by inducing redundancy and potentiating genetic drift locally while conserving genome architecture globally, revealing a paradigm for defining regulatory conservation in the noncoding genome beyond classic sequence-level conservation.