bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SPF45/RBM17-dependent, but not U2AF-dependent, splicing in human short introns
Authors: Fukumura Kazuhiro , Yoshimoto Rei , Sperotto Luca , Kang Hyun-Seo , Hirose Tetsuro , Inoue Kunio , Sattler Michael , Mayeda Akila 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Human pre-mRNA introns vary in size from under fifty to over a million nucleotides. We searched for essential factors specifically involved in the splicing of human short introns by screening siRNAs against 154 human nuclear proteins for activity on a model short 56-nucleotide intron-containing HNRNPH1 pre-mRNA. We identified a known alternative splicing regulator SPF45 (RBM17) as a general splicing factor that is essential to splice out this 56-nt intron. Whole-transcriptome sequencing of SPF45-deficient cells revealed that SPF45 is specifically required for the efficient splicing of many short introns. Our crosslinking and biochemical analyses demonstrate that SPF45 specifically replaces the U2AF heterodimer on the truncated poly-pyrimidine tracts in these short intron. To initiate splicing, the U2AF-homology motif (UHM) of the replaced SPF45 interacts with the UHM-ligand motif (ULM) of the U2 snRNP protein SF3b155 (SF3B1). We propose that splicing in a distinct subset of human short introns depends on SPF45 but not U2AF heterodimer.
The Clinical Characteristics of Acute Myocardial Infarction with Ventricular Septal Perforation and the Prognosis Comparison of Different Treatment Methods
Authors: Fu Chun , Zhao Zhou , Chen Yu , An Youzhong , Liu Jian , Zhao Zhou 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: To explore the clinical characteristics of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with ventricular septal perforation (VSR) and the prognosis comparison of different treatment methods, as well as the analysis of related risk factors.Methods: From January 2006 to February 2020, 29 patients with AMI and VSR diagnosed in the people's Hospital of Peking University were selected as the study object, among them, 16 cases were male (55.2%), 13 cases were female (44.8%), the average age was 64.69 ± 10.32 years old, and they were divided into survival group (n=16) and non-survival group (n=13) according to whether they survive within 30 days of surgical or drug conservative treatment.The clinical characteristics, coronary angiography and treatment of the two groups were summarized, and the prognosis and related risk factors were analyzed.Results: There was no significant difference in the basic clinical characteristics between the two groups(P>0.05)；Compared with the results of coronary angiography in the two groups, the proportion of the culprit vessel which was a simple anterior descending branch in the non-survival group was higher than that in the survival group, there was a statistical difference between the two groups(P<0.05)；The peri-operative data of the two groups showed that the proportion of patients with complete revascularization, simultaneous bypass and recanalization of culprit vessels in the survival group was significantly higher than that in the non- survival group (P < 0.05)；However, the incidence of postoperative low cardiac output and mortality during hospitalization in the survival group were significantly lower than those in the non-survival group (P < 0.05)；Logistic regression analysis showed that complete revascularization (OR = 0.021, 95% CI 0.001-0.374, P = 0.009), recanalization of culprit vessels (OR = 0.045, 95% CI 0.004-0.548, P = 0.015) were independent risk factors for 30 day mortality。Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed that during the follow-up period, the long-term survival rate of patients with operation and complete revascularization was significantly higher than that of patients with drug conservative treatment and incomplete revascularization, there was a statistical difference between the two groups (P < 0.05).Conclusions: Whether complete revascularization and recanalization of culprit vessels or not are independent risk factors for 30 day mortality in patients with AMI and VSR；the long-term survival rate of patients after surgery and complete revascularization is significantly higher than that of patients with conservative medical treatment and incomplete revascularization. Surgery and complete revascularization are important factors affecting the long-term prognosis of patients with AMI and VSR.
Heterologous Expression of Phanerochaete Chrysosporium Cellobiose Dehydrogenase in Trichoderma Reesei
Authors: Wohlschlager Lena , Csarman Florian , Chang Hucheng , Fitz Elisabeth , Seiboth Bernhard , Ludwig Roland 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Cellobiose dehydrogenase from Phanerochaete chrysosporium (PcCDH) is a key enzyme in lignocellulose depolymerization, biosensors and biofuel cells. For these applications, it should retain important molecular and catalytic properties when recombinantly expressed. While homologous expression is time-consuming and the prokaryote Escherichia coli is not suitable for expression of the two-domain flavocytochrome, the yeast Pichia pastoris is hyperglycosylating the enzyme. Fungal expression hosts like Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma reesei were successfully used to express CDH from the ascomycete Corynascus thermophilus. This study describes the expression of basidiomycetous PcCDH in T. reesei (PcCDHTr) and the detailed comparison of its molecular, catalytic and electrochemical properties in comparison with PcCDH expressed by P. chrysosporium and P. pastoris (PcCDHPp). Results: PcCDHTr was recombinantly produced with a yield of 600 U L-1 after 4 days, which is fast compared to the secretion of the enzyme by P. chrysosporium. PcCDHTr and PcCDH were purified to homogeneity by two chromatographic steps. Both enzymes were comparatively characterized in terms of molecular and catalytic properties. The pH optima for electron acceptors are identical for PcCDHTr and PcCDH. The determined FAD cofactor occupancy of 70% for PcCDHTr is higher than for other recombinantly produced CDHs and its catalytic constants are in good accordance with those of PcCDH. Mass spectrometry showed high mannose-type N-glycans on PcCDH, but only single N-acetyl-d-glucosamine additions at the six potential N-glycosylation sites of PcCDHTr, which indicates the presence of an endo-N-acetyl-b-d-glucosaminidase in the supernatant.Conclusions: Heterologous production of PcCDHTr is faster and the yield higher than secretion by P. chrysosporium. It also does not need a cellulose-based medium that impedes efficient production and purification of CDH by binding to the polysaccharide. The obtained high uniformity of PcCDHTr glycoforms will be very useful to investigate electron transfer characteristics in biosensors and biofuel cells, which are depending on the spatial restrictions inflicted by high-mannose N-glycan trees. The determined catalytic and electrochemical properties of PcCDHTr are very similar to those of PcCDH and the FAD cofactor occupancy is good, which advocates T. reesei as expression host for engineered PcCDH for biosensors and biofuel cells.
Opposing selective forces operating on human-specific duplicated TCAF genes in Neanderthals and humans
Authors: Hsieh PingHsun , Dang Vy , Vollger Mitchell , Mao Yafei , Huang Tzu-Hsueh , Dishuck Philip , Baker Carl , Cantsilieris Stuart , Lewis Alexandra , Munson Katherine , Scofield Melanie , Welch AnneMarie , Underwood Jason , Eichler Evan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
TRP channel-associated factor 1/2 (TCAF1/TCAF2) proteins antagonistically regulate the cold-sensor protein TRPM8 in multiple human tissues. Understanding their significance has been complicated given the locus spans a gap-ridden region with complex segmental duplications in GRCh38. Using long-read sequencing, we sequence-resolve the locus, annotate full-length TCAF models in human and nonhuman primate genomes, and show substantial human-specific TCAF copy number variation. We identify two human super haplogroups, H4 and H5, and establish that TCAF duplications originated ~1.7 million years ago but diversified only in Homo sapiens by recurrent structural mutations that altered TCAF copy number and regulation. Conversely, in all archaic-hominin samples the fixation for a specific H4 haplotype without duplication is likely due to positive selection. The significant, positive effect of H4 on TCAF2 expression in modern-day humans with candidate associations for hypothyroidism, nerve compression, and diabetes suggests TCAF diversification among hominins potentially in response to cold or dietary adaptations.
Implementation and Effectiveness of Continuous Kangaroo Mother Care: A Participatory Action Research Protocol
Authors: Mohammadi Marzieh , Bergh Anne Marie , Heidarzadeh Mohammad , Hosseini Mohammad Baghr , Sattarzadeh Niloufar , Valizadeh Leila , Sarvaran Behzad , Hakimi Sevil 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe efficacy of continuous kangaroo mother care (C-KMC) in reducing neonatal mortality and morbidity among low birth weight and premature infants has been confirmed. Despite the recommendations of the World Health Organization, UNICEF, and the Ministry of Health of Iran to use C-KMC for eligible hospitalized neonates, this type of care is not performed due to implementation problems. This protocol aims to describe the design, implementation, and assessment of C-KMC in one tertiary hospital by means of participatory action research.MethodsThe objective of this study is to design and implement a C-KMC program for neonates that will be performed in two phases using a stages-of-change model. The first phase will be conducted in three consecutive activities of designing, implementing, and assessing the introduction of C-KMC. The second phase of the study has a before-and-after design to assess the effectiveness of C-KMC by comparing the length of preterm neonates’ stay in hospital and exclusive breastfeeding at discharge before and after implementing C-KMC.DiscussionKMC is an important component of neonatal developmental care as part of family-centered care. Applying this type of care requires creating appropriate strategies, budget allocation, and clear and coordinated planning at different levels of the health system. The stages-of-change model is one of the appropriate approaches to the implementation of C-KMC.
Ecological association between COVID-19 deaths and vitamin D deficiency among older adults: An international country-level systematic review and analysis
Authors: Beiter Kaylin , Lau Frank H , Danos Denise 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has been consistently associated with disproportionately high mortality among older adults, regardless of nation of origin. Previous research on pneumotropic viruses demonstrated an association between host vitamin D levels and viral disease state. Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) also disproportionately impact older adults. The objective of this study was to evaluate VDD and COVID-19 mortality worldwide during the first 50 days of the pandemic as experienced by each country.
Methods
Country-specific VDD prevalence among older adults was evaluated according to a systematic literature search of PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, and SCOPUS during April 2020. Data were obtained from the public Our World in Data database which reports COVID-19 mortality from European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control and country population characteristics, size and proportion of the population greater than 65 years, from the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. Country-specific cumulative mortality was modeled via negative binomial random coefficient growth curve models.
Results
Among 29 countries included in this analysis, VDD prevalence among older adults ranged from 6.9% in Canada to 69% in France. Cumulative COVID-19 deaths up to day 50 within each country, modeled via exponential growth curves, demonstrated an association with country-level VDD (p = 0.0538). However, the association was not robust when controlling for proportion of older adults in each country (p = 0.2135).
Conclusions
This ecological analysis is further evidence for VDD correction as a component of COVID-19 treatment, especially among older individuals. Inclusion of data cross-culturally (i.e., collected from countries worldwide) supports the theory that VDD is a universal mechanism contributing to COVID-19 mortality. Though definitive randomized controlled trials are still needed, the current study provides support for VDD screening and correction as the influenza season rapidly approaches in the Northern hemisphere.
Nestedness and turnover of riverine species and functional diverity using eDNA and traditional approaches.
Authors: Seymour Mathew , Edwards François , Cosby Jack , Scarlet Pete , Bista Iliana , Brailsford Francesca , Glanville Helen , de Bruyn Mark , Carvalho Gary , Creer Simon 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Accurately assessing community diversity in time and space, and linking these patterns to ecological theory, is essential for effective environmental monitoring. Freshwater macroinvertebrates are an important group of taxa routinely used for riverine environmental assessments due to their wide biological, functional and phylogenetic diversity and their responses to environmental factors. Recently, eDNA metabarcoding based sampling and identification has been shown to increase the accuracy of biodiversity assessments, while reducing cost and time, compared to traditional methods. Here, we present results from a field comparison of eDNA versus traditional riverine biodiversity techniques to assess freshwater macroinvertebrates. In addition, we investigated the effects of landuse and seasonality on community and functional diversity, to infer the underlying regional ecological temporal and spatial dynamics. Comparison of biodiversity dynamics based on traditional and eDNA survey methods showed significant differences in taxonomic groups identified between methods, landuse type, and method x season interactions. Our findings are the first example of eDNA derived functional spatio-temporal and dynamics, indicating that the regional shifts in diversity and function are linked to regional seasonal fluctuations in fine particle matter versus localized landuse type. Beta diversity components (nestedness and turnover) differed significantly along the environmental gradient, but in different directions, for each methodology. Overall, our findings show that eDNA based ecological assessment is effective in assessing temporal and spatial diversity and functional dynamics of macroinvertebrates, while demonstrating that these data can be used to infer effective biodiversity assessment and management strategies.
Wetting transition of ionic liquids at metal surfaces: A computational molecular approach to electronic screening using a virtual Thomas-Fermi fluid
Authors: Schlaich Alexander , Jin Dongliang , Bocquet Lyderic , Coasne Benoit 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Of particular relevance to energy storage, electrochemistry and catalysis, ionic and dipolar liquids display a wealth of unexpected fundamental behaviors – in particular in confinement. Beyond now well-documented adsorption, overscreening and crowding effects1,2,3, recent experiments have highlighted novel phenomena such as unconventional screening4 and the impact of the electronic nature – metallic versus insulating – of the confining surface on wetting/phase transitions5,6. Such behaviors, which challenge existing theoretical and numerical modeling frameworks, point to the need for new powerful tools to embrace the properties of confined ionic/dipolar liquids. Here, we introduce a novel atom-scale approach which allows for a versatile description of electronic screening while capturing all molecular aspects inherent to molecular fluids in nanoconfined/interfacial environments. While state of the art molecular simulation strategies only consider perfect metal or insulator surfaces, we build on the Thomas-Fermi formalism for electronic screening to develop an effective approach that allows dealing with any imperfect metal between these asymptotes. The core of our approach is to describe electrostatic interactions within the metal through the behavior of a `virtual' Thomas-Fermi fluid of charged particles, whose Debye length sets the Thomas-Fermi screening length λ in the metal. This easy-to-implement molecular method captures the electrostatic interaction decay upon varying λ from insulator to perfect metal conditions, while describing very accurately the capacitance behavior – and hence the electrochemical properties – of the metallic confining medium. By applying this strategy to a nanoconfined ionic liquid, we demonstrate an unprecedented wetting transition upon switching the confining medium from insulating to metallic. This novel approach provides a powerful framework to predict the unsual behavior of ionic liquids, in particular inside nanoporous metallic structures, with direct applications for energy storage and electrochemistry.
Associations of TLR4 and IL-8 genes polymorphisms with Age-related macular degeneration (AMD): a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Roshanipour Nasrin , Shahriyari Elham , Laleh Maryam Ghaffari , Vahedi Leila , Gerami Sousan Mirnajd , Khamaneh Amin 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe results of different studies have indicated the possible associations of TLR4 and IL-8 genes polymorphisms with Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD). A meta-analysis study was designed to evaluate the possible associations of TLR4 and IL-8 genes polymorphisms with Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD). MethodA systematic literature search was carried out in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus databases to identify relevant publications. Pooled Odds Ratio (OR) with 95% Confidence Interval (CI) was used to evaluate the power of association.ResultsA total of 12 case-control studies with 4804 AMD patients and 4422 healthy controls were included in this meta-analysis. We found significant associations under the genotypic and allelic models of TLR4/rs4986790 (AA vs. AG+GG: OR=0.73 [0.55-0.97], P=0.03; and AA vs. AG: OR=0.71 [0.53-0.95], P=0.02) and IL-8/rs2227306 (TT vs. CC: OR=1.63 [1.04-2.56], P=0.03; CC vs. TT+TC: OR=0.62 [0.48-0.80], P<0.001; CC vs. TC: OR=0.65 [0.47-0.89], P=0.007; and C vs. T: OR=0.71 [0.64-0.78], P<0.001). However, the data from this meta-analysis declined the associations of TLR4/rs4986791 and IL-8/rs4073 polymorphisms.ConclusionThe current meta-analysis study suggested that IL-8/rs2227306 and TLR4/rs4986790 polymorphisms are associated with susceptibility to AMD.
Study on Income for the Workforce of Public Health Institutions in Beijing Between 2011 and 2016
Authors: Qiu Wuqi , Yang Yujie , Meng Yueli , Mao Ayan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: This article analyses the average annual incomes of the workforce of municipal and district level public health institutions in Beijing between 2011 and 2016, and provides a useful reference for strengthening of public health services in China. Methods: This investigation combined quantitative analysis with qualitative investigation through a questionnaire survey and interviews with key informant. Results: Remuneration was relatively high for staff of the Municipal Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital and the staff of the Mental Health Institution, who had the highest annual average income among municipal specialized public health institutions between 2011 and 2016. The average annual incomes of the Municipal CDC, HSI, TCI, Municipal Emergency Medical Centre and Red Cross Blood Centre were all lower than the average annual income of the workers in the city's health industry (157,200 yuan). The average annual income of staff in the public health institutions at district level in Beijing is generally lower than that for staff in municipal institutions, especially those with high professional positions. Conclusions: The average income of public health workers in Beijing is generally lower than that of other health workers in the whole city. The result is a lack of professional attractiveness, which affects the stability and development of Beijing public health personnel.
Case of Eagle Fern (Pteridium Aquilinum) Poisoning on a Pig Farm
Authors: Waret-Szkuta Agnès , Jégou Laura , Lucas Marie Noelle , Gaide Nicolas , Morvan Hervé , Martineau Guy-Pierre 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Free-range pig farming represents a minor proportion of pig production in France but attracts an increasing number of farmers because of societal expectations and the opportunity to use fodder consumed in the meadow. However, this type of farming faces several sanitary challenges, including biosecurity, parasitic management, and contact with wild fauna and pathogenic flora. Case presentation: Two Gascon pigs raised on an outdoor fattening farm in the Hautes-Pyrenees department of France were submitted after sudden death for necropsy at the National Veterinary School of Toulouse. The pigs were of two different breeds but from the same batch of 85 animals that had grazed on a 4-hectare plot of land being used for the first time. The combination of an in-depth interview with the breeder, the epidemiological information available, and the necropsy and histology examinations enabled the hypothesis of great eagle fern intoxication. Despite the small sample of animals available for diagnosis, the success of the administered therapy helped to confirm our diagnosis. In the short term, it was recommended that the animals be prevented access to the eagle fern by changing their pasture or by removing the plants. Vitamin B1 was administered in the feed in the amount of 1 mL per 10 kg body weight for two days (Ultra B®: 4.46 mg thiamine and 2.06 mg pyridoxine (vitamin B6) per kg body weight per day). A remarkable remission was observed, allowing 6 of 12 intoxicated animals with symptoms to survive (therapeutic success rate: 50%), but without compensating for the loss of the initial body condition. In total, out of the 85 animals in the batch after this intoxication, 6 animals died and 6 recovered.Conclusion: The interest of this report lies in the scarcity of eagle fern intoxication cases reported in the literature, although it may become a significant problem along with the development of outdoor rearing. In this context, it should be included in the differential diagnosis of nervous system symptoms in swine. The case also underlines the importance of anamnesis and discussions with the farmer to guide the diagnosis and reminds us that this step is essential in the clinical process.