bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
0149 Nightly Sleep Characteristics are Associated with Next-Day Mindfulness
Authors: Lee S , Mu C , Gonzalez B D , Vinci C E , Small B J 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Previous research shows that insufficient and poor sleep is associated with perceiving more stressors the following day. Sleep may also be associated with daily mindfulness, a state in which one is highly aware and focused on the present moment without evaluating or judging that moment. The association between high mindfulness and better sleep is well-established; yet, less is known about the temporal directionality between sleep and mindfulness. This study examined whether nightly sleep predicts next-day mindfulness, and vice versa.

Methods
Participants were 60 middle-aged adults working as a full-time nurse at a cancer hospital (Mage=35.35±11.83). Using ecological momentary assessments for 14 days, we asked participants about their previous night’s sleep upon waking and participants completed the 5-item state Mindful Attention Awareness Scale an average of 3 times/day. Multilevel modeling examined variance at the between- and within-person levels and tested two temporal directions simultaneously: better sleep predicting mindfulness and mindfulness predicting better sleep.

Results
Daily mindfulness, sleep duration, sleep sufficiency, and sleep quality displayed 34%, 85%, 82%, and 85% within-person variation, respectively. At the within-person level, daily mindfulness was greater on days following longer than usual sleep duration (B=0.39hrs or 23min, p&lt;.01) and greater than usual sleep sufficiency (B=0.26, p&lt;.001). The within-person link between sleep sufficiency and mindfulness remained even after controlling for the strong association of workdays with less sleep sufficiency. Conversely, mindfulness was not predictive of sleep outcomes. At the between-person level, participants who had greater sleep sufficiency and higher sleep quality overall reported greater mindfulness. These associations remained after adjusting for sociodemographics, dayshift vs. nightshift, and workdays vs. non-work days.

Conclusion
Sufficient sleep duration and perceived sleep sufficiency may be antecedents of how mindful individuals are the following day. Future analyses will test whether the daily link between sleep and mindfulness contributes to health outcomes.

Support
This work was supported, in part, by the University of South Florida College of Behavioral & Community Sciences Internal Grant Program (PI: Lee, Grant No. 0134930).
0153 Patient-Defined Insomnia Severity: How Much Wakefulness is Problematic?
Authors: D’Antonio B , Boyle J T , Seewald M , Giller J , Muench A , Vargas I , Williams N J , Klingman K , Perlis M L 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Introduction
While Insomnia Disorder is formally defined in the ICSD-3 and DSM-5, neither diagnostic system adopts quantitative criteria for illness severity. Interestingly, quantitative criteria are provided for frequency and chronicity (i.e., ≥ 3 days / week for ≥ 3 months). For research purposes, illness severity has long been defined using the “30 minute rule” (SL and/or WASO and/or EMA of ≥ 30 minutes is the threshold for clinical relevance). In the present analysis, this threshold was assessed for its significance to patients.

Methods
Sleep continuity disturbance (SCD; SL, WASO, and EMA) and problem endorsement data were collected from an archival/community-based sample (N = 4680; 60% female; Ages 18–89 years; www.sleeplessinphilly.com). Problem endorsement was evaluated through questions that included, “Do you consider this a problem?” after participants reported length of SL, WASO, and EMA. Problem endorsement percentages were calculated for 5 minute bins for between 0 and 65 minutes, with one additional bin for &gt; 65 minutes. The temporal bins were compared for significant deviations using absolute (percent of subjects at 0–5 and 5–10 minutes) and moving references (last significant percent).

Results
The first temporal bin to differ from the absolute reference for SL, WASO, and EMA was the 26–30 minute bin. At this threshold, 87%, 70%, and 94% of the subjects’ identifying SL, WASO and EMA as being problematic (and was deemed statistically different from “normal” [0–10 minute values]).

Conclusion
These data suggest that the “30 minute rule” (which is of unknown provenance) roughly corresponds to the level of illness severity (lowest common threshold) identified by patients as problematic. While the threshold for SL and EMA show a clear majority, the lower percentage of subjects for WASO suggests that people are more tolerant of middle of the night wakefulness.

Support
0161 Greater Negative Affectivity Predicts Shorter Infant Sleep Duration
Authors: Butler B P , Burdayron R , Laganière C , Béliveau M , Dubois-Comtois K , Pennestri M 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Certain temperament characteristics in infants have been shown to be associated with infant sleep patterns. However, other sleep-related practices, such as co-sleeping and breastfeeding, are also known to be associated with sleep in infancy and are not always taken into account in studies assessing the association between temperament and sleep. Thus, this study aims to examine the associations between infant temperament and sleep parameters at six months of age, while controlling for co-sleeping and breastfeeding practices.

Methods
Mother-infant dyads (n=60) were recruited in the metropolitan Montreal area and consented to participate in the study. Infant sleep was reported by mothers at six months of age (±1 month) using sleep diaries (two-week period). Total nocturnal and longest consecutive sleep duration were retrieved from the diaries and averaged through the two-week period. Temperament was measured with the Infant Behaviour Questionnaire-Revised (IBQ-R). Sleep-related parental practices (co-sleeping and breastfeeding) were measured using the Sleep Practices Questionnaire (SPQ). Multiple regression analyses were conducted to determine the degree to which the temperament composite negative affectivity predicted total nocturnal and longest consecutive sleep duration while controlling for breastfeeding and co-sleeping practices.

Results
Regression analyses revealed significant regression models for total nocturnal (F(3,44)=6.25, p=.001, R2=.30), and longest consecutive sleep duration (F(3,44)=6.26, p=.001, R2=.30). Greater infant negative affectivity predicted shorter nocturnal sleep duration (β;;=-0.28, p=.034) and shorter longest consecutive sleep duration (β;;=-0.34, p=.010) after adjusting for breastfeeding and co-sleeping practices.

Conclusion
Findings suggest infants with greater negative affectivity sleep for fewer hours during the night and have shorter periods of consecutive sleep, even when sleep-related parental practices are considered. These results provide further support for the relationship between infant temperament and sleep at six months of age. Future research should investigate the relationship between infant temperament and sleep using paternal report in addition to maternal report.

Support
SSHRC
0167 The Effect of Nocturnal Dinner Type “Light” Versus “Heavy” on Sleep, Attention and Microbial Composition
Authors: Green A , Sher S , Siri N , Mizrahci N , Koren O , Dagan Y 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Nutrition and sleep are two essential functions for the physiological existence of the organism. Furthermore, both have an acquired cultural, educational and social behavioral component. This study examined the effect of nocturnal dinner type (“light” vs. “heavy”) on the quality and quantity of sleep, attention abilities, fatigue, and mood in the following morning. In addition, the microbial composition was examined.

Methods
Twenty healthy subjects (10 men and 10 women), aged 25–33, were invited to two non-consecutive nights at the Sleep Institute for polysomnography test and filling out questionnaires: KSS; ESS; and Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI), attention abilities assessed with CPT-III. In one evening, the subjects consumed two hours before bedtime a “light” dinner based on vegetable ingredients (vegetables and vegetable proteins) with 342 calories that contained lentils, feta cheese, beet, and other vegetables. On the other evening, the subjects consumed two hours before bedtime a “heavy” dinner based on carbohydrates, fats, and animal protein with 501 calories that contained hamburger and French fries. In addition, subjects were required to give a microbial test before and after meals.

Results
There was no significant difference in the various sleep parameters between the two nights after each meal type: efficacy (t=-1.51,p=0.15); sleep latency stage 1 (t=1.81,p=0.08); sleep latency stage 2 (t=1.00,p=0.33); REM latency (t=0.57,p=0.57); total sleep time (t=-1.57,p=0.13); number of awakenings (t=0.30, p=0.76). No significant differences were found for: fatigue (KSS) (t=-0.30,p =0.77); sleepiness (ESS) (t=0.76,p =0.45); mood (BSI) (t=0.87,p =0.39); and attention deficit (CPT-III) (t=-0.68,p =0.50). The type of night meal did not show a significant effect on the microbial composition (H=0.059,p= 0.81).

Conclusion
The findings of this study show that, contrary to popular belief, “heavy” dinner did not affect the quality of sleep and functions measured in the study compared to a “light” dinner. In the current research, the population that was examined included only young and healthy subjects, therefore, the results may differ if the research in this field will extend and include other populations such as adults and subjects with different disorders. Future studies are needed to examine the relationships between sleep and nutrtion.

Support
No support
0180 Sleep, Sleepiness, and Sleep Hygiene Related to Nomophobia (No Mobile Phone Phobia)
Authors: Peszka J , Michelle S , Collins B T , Abu-Halimeh N , Quattom M , Henderson M , Sanders M , Critton J , Moore B , Mastin D F 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Previously, active phone use at bedtime has been implicated in disrupted sleep and related complaints. To improve sleep, a recommendation following such findings is limiting phone use before and during bedtime. However, for those with the characteristic of “nomophobia”, fear of being out of mobile phone contact, this recommendation could exacerbate anxiety at and around bedtime and disrupt, rather than improve, sleep. In 2012, an estimated 77% of 18-24-year-olds could be identified as nomophobic. Because of the prevalence of nomophobia and its possible interaction with sleep, we explored the existence of nomophobia in a college-age population and its relationship to sleep, sleepiness, and sleep hygiene behaviors.

Methods
327 university students (age: M=19.7 years, SD=3.78) recruited from introductory psychology courses and campus newsletters were given extra credit or a chance to win $25 gift cards for participation. Participants completed demographic information, the Nomophobia Questionnaire (NMP-Q), the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, questions regarding associated features of inadequate sleep hygiene, and the Sleep Hygiene Index. Additional sleep hygiene questions assessed frequency of active and passive technology use during sleep time.

Results
89.4% of the participants had moderate or severe nomophobia. Greater nomophobia was significantly related to greater daytime sleepiness (ESS) (r(293)=.150, p&lt;.05), associated features of poor sleep (daytime sleepiness: r(297)=.097, p&lt;.05, and avolition: r(297)=.100, p&lt;.05), more maladaptive sleep hygiene behaviors including active technology use during sleep time (r(298)=.249, p&lt;.05), long daytime naps, inconsistent wake and bed times, using bed for non-sleep purposes, uncomfortable bed, and bedtime cognitive rumination (r’s=0.097 to 0.182).

Conclusion
Most participants experienced moderate to severe nomophobia with greater nomophobia associated with greater sleepiness, avolition, and poorer sleep hygiene. Nomophobia is likely to be an important consideration when treating sleep disorders and/or making any sleep hygiene recommendations.

Support
Hendrix College Charles Brewer Fund for Psychology
0183 Social Jet Lag and Chronotype: Implications for Activity and Rest Rhythm and Light Exposure
Authors: Vallim J R , Amaral F G , D’Almeida V 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Social jet lag is associated with contemporary lifestyle with harmful impacts on health, predisposing individuals to obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and cognitive impairment. Knowing that this condition is influenced by chronotype and that these are reflected in rhythmicity markers, a better understating of mechanisms and factors related to this condition are helpful to raise awareness to the society, to prevent and treat its consequences. Our goal was to evaluate if chronotype has a moderating effect on social jet lag, investigate if activity-rest rhythm could be affected by social jet lag and whether it could be related to nighttime light exposure.

Methods
13 subjects (10 women) aged between 23 and 59 years answered Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire and record activity and rest rhythm by actimetry.

Results
We observed that chronotype is a predictor of social jet lag (p &lt; 0.05) and eveningness leads to greater social jet lag. Sleep duration and time of sleep offset were higher on free days (p &lt; 0.05) and, as expected, higher activity at night was related to greater social jet lag (p &lt; 0.05). We did not find relation between level and time of exposure to light at night and social jet lag (p ≥ 0.05). None of these differences were chronotype-dependent.

Conclusion
Our work was one of the first that addressed the relationship between social jet lag and a rhythmicity marker, the activity-rest rhythm. We also demonstrated the importance of a better understanding of the evening types, that are more affected by social obligations.

Support
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) e Associação Fundo de Incentivo à Pesquisa (AFIP).
0186 Sleep Quality and Expectations About Sleep are Associated with Performance in Individual Sports
Authors: Carmichael K E , O’Connor P 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Epidemiological studies on predictors of sport performance are rare. Some athletes report poor sleep the night prior to competition which may influence performance. The purpose of this study was to examine relationships between sleep and athletic performance in a sample of U.S. adults.

Methods
Self-identified athletes (n=635), recruited from Amazon’s Mechanical Turk website, completed demographic, sleep, and athletic performance questions. Participants were at least 18 years old and competed in at least one athletic competition during the prior 6 months. Sleep quality and perceived performance were rated on 5-point Likert scales (e.g., 1=sleep quality/performance was very much worse than usual to 5=very much better than usual). Additional questions asked about plausible confounding variables, including the presence of bodily pain, expectations about whether sleep influences sport performance, and intensity of effort given during the competition compared to usual effort.

Results
The sample was 42% female and 71% Caucasian with 94% between the ages of 18 and 39 years; 358 (56.4%) participated in an individual sport and 277 (43.6%) were team sport athletes. The most common sports were running (35%), basketball (14%), and soccer (6%). For individual sport athletes, three variables predicted a significant amount of the variance in perceived performance (R2 = 0.32, F(3, 354) = 56.30, p &lt; .001): intensity of effort (β = 0.44, p &lt; 0.001), sleep quality the night prior to competition (β = 0.14, p &lt; 0.01), and expectations for performance change following a good night’s sleep (β = 0.14, p &lt; 0.01). Team sport athletes’ perceived performance was predicted by the intensity of effort (β = 0.46, p &lt; 0.001) and percentage of time spent in competition (β = 0.14, p = 0.01; R2 = 0.26, F(2, 271) = 47.50, p &lt; .001).

Conclusion
Among individual sport athletes, and after adjusting for the intensity of their effort, prior night sleep quality and expectations regarding sleep and performance aided in predicting perceived performance. These relationships did not exist among team sport athletes, perhaps because of the greater error in estimating performance during team sport competition.

Support
0187 The Effects of Nocturnal Aircraft Noise on Self-Reported Sleep
Authors: Casario K , Howard K , Smith M G , Rocha S , White M , Basner M 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Nocturnal traffic noise can fragment sleep through cortical arousals and induce self-reported sleep disturbance. Here we present data gathered around Atlanta International Airport in a pilot field study on the effects of aircraft noise on sleep.

Methods
N=34 subjects participated in a five night in-home study. Every night, subjects recorded noise inside their bedroom, and completed questionnaires the following morning containing items on sleep latency; number of awakenings; sleepiness (Stanford Sleepiness Scale); 11-point scales on sleep quality, tiredness, ease of falling asleep and calmness or restlessness of sleep; and a 5-point scale on sleep disturbance by noise. We analyzed the effect of both the average (LAEq,sleep) and maximum (LAS,max,sleep) aircraft noise level during a subject’s sleep period for each questionnaire outcome in repeated measures multiple regression adjusted for the number of aircraft noise events during sleep, sex, age, and if the window was open or closed.

Results
A total of 165 sleep questionnaires (97.1% of expected) were completed. Self-reported awakenings increased by n=0.051 per decibel (dB) LAS,max,sleep (p&lt;0.001). An increase in LAS,max,sleep was associated with a significant increase in tiredness (0.118/dB, p=0.005). There was a significant effect of sex on tiredness in the LAEq,sleep model, whereby men were less tired than women. There were no significant effects of LAEq,sleep on any questionnaire outcomes.

Conclusion
There was some evidence for adverse effects of aircraft noise on self-reported sleep outcomes. Effects were predominantly found for maximum rather than average noise exposure during the sleep period, stressing the importance of individual noise events for sleep. A larger-scale, adequately powered National Sleep Study will be conducted to better understand the observed effects.

Support
This research was funded by the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration Office of Environment and Energy through ASCENT, the FAA Center of Excellence for Alternative Jet Fuels and the Environment, project 017 through FAA Award Number 13-C-AJE-UPENN-011 under the supervision of Natalia Sizov. Any opinions, findings, conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the FAA.
0191 Social Jetlag and Sleep Habits on Weekends Moderate the Relationship Between Personal Standards Perfectionism and Academic Performance in Young Athletes
Authors: Caron J , Roy J , Godin R , Gaudreault P , Forest G 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Research suggests that young athletes may present different levels of perfectionism, which affect sport and academic performances. Sleep is also a variable that can affects grades. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between personal standards (PS) perfectionism, sleep and school performance in young athletes.

Methods
27 young athletes (13-16y) wore an actigraph for a week and completed an adapted version of the Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale at the beginning, middle and end of the school year. Sleep habits during weekdays (WD) and weekends (WE), and social jetlag (SJ) were extracted from the actigraphy. Mean performance of the two main school subjects were taken from the final report at the end of the school year (Mgrades). A linear regression was done between PS and Mgrades. Then, we used Hayes’ PROCESS Macro V3.4 to examine the role of sleep as a moderator of the relation between PS and Mgrades.

Results
PS significantly predicts Mgrades (β=.59, p=.001; Ra2=.34, p=.001). The addition of the interactions terms, first between SJ and PS, then, between WE bedtimes and PS, and finally, between WE waketimes and PS, explained a significant increase in variance in Mgrades (ΔR2=.14, F(1,23)=31.81, p&lt;.001; ΔR2=.17, F(1,23)=25.99, p&lt;.001; ΔR2=.10, F(1,23)=12.43, p=.002, respectively). Therefore, when SJ is higher than 39min, WE bedtimes are after 10:21PM and WE waketimes are after 7:12AM, PS and Mgrades are significantly related.

Conclusion
These results show that when higher SJ and later WE bedtimes and waketimes are present, low PS are associated with low grades and high PS are associated with high grades. In contrast, when a small SJ, earlier WE bedtimes and waketimes are present, PS are not associated with grades. These results suggest that young athletes may be more vulnerable to the effect of sleep disturbances on grades depending on various factors such as perfectionism.

Support
N/A
0192 Sleep Characteristics and Mood of Professional Esports Athletes: A Multi-National Study
Authors: Lee S , Bonnar D , Roane B , Gradisar M , Jang E , Suh S 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Esports is becoming increasingly professionalized, yet research on performance management is remarkably lacking. The present study aimed to investigate sleep and mood in professional esports athletes.

Methods
Participants were 17 professional esports athletes from South Korea (8), Australia (4) and the US (5) who played First Person Shooter games (mean age 20±3.5 years, 100% male). All participants wore a wrist-activity monitor for 7–14 days, and completed subjective sleep and mood questionnaires.

Results
Based on data from the wrist-activity monitory, participants averaged 409±37 minutes of total sleep time, and 87±1% of sleep efficiency per night. All participants had significantly delayed sleep patterns (Average bed Time 3:41 am and wake Time 11:11 am). Participants had an average SOL of 26.15 minutes and prolonged wake after sleep onset of 51.91 (±31.84) minutes. Korean players had significantly higher depression scores compared to the other groups (p=.006) and trained longer than the Australian or US teams (13.38 vs. 4.75 vs. 6.10 hours, respectively). Depression scores were strongly correlated with number of awakenings, wake after sleep onset and training time per day (ps&lt;.05).

Conclusion
As the first exploratory study in the esports field, the study indicates that esports athletes show delayed sleep patterns and have prolonged wake after sleep onset. These sleep patterns may be associated with mood (depression) and training time. There may also be cultural differences that contribute to sleep disturbance in this population.

Support
Korean Society of Sleep Medicine