bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Profile picture of risk factors for breast cancer among community women of Udupi, Karnataka
Authors: Shadap Arkierupaia 
Published: April 2020

AbstractGlobally, breast cancer is considered to be one amongst the most commonly cancer. In India, it is
considered to be the second cancer disease among women with most of the affected
population is in the urban areas. Breast cancer is seen mostly after the age of 40 years.
According to the Cancer fact 2012, breast cancer is now seen to be among women aged from 35
years above.
Materials and methods: The study was a descriptive survey study to assess the numbers of risk
factors for breast cancer among the 320 community women who were willing to participate in
the study. A validated structured questionnaire was given to the subjects after taking consent.
Results: The study finding shows that out of 320 women surveyed, 252 (78.75%) belonged to
“with risk” category and 68 (21.25%) belonged to “No risk” category for risk factors of breast
cancer. The risk factorsfor breast cancer detected among these 252 who belonged to 'with risk'
were, majority 24.4% had menarche at the age of ≤ 12 years, none had the personal history of
breast cancer and 0.3% had the history of first-degree relative sister diagnosed with breast
cancer. There were 44.7% women who first had their delivery at the age of ≥30 years and above.
16.9% did not give breast feeding; none had the history of biopsy, 3.8% had the history of taking
oral contraceptives of .5 years period and none had the history of taking alcohol in their life.
Conclusion: The study concluded that making the community women aware through health
educations, distributing pamphlets and organizing programmes on breast cancer and the risk
factors will motivate them to attend the health care services for better treatment. Better
treatment will further enhance the morbidity and mortality rate among the community women.
Cross-Hand Replantation
Authors: Sabapathy S. Raja , Venkatramani Hari , Ramkumar Sanjai , Mohan Monusha , Zhang Dafang 
Published: April 2020

AbstractCombined major injury to both upper extremities, in which one hand is amputated and structurally intact but not replantable, and the other hand is unsalvageable, is a rare setting in which cross-hand replantation may be considered. We report a case of an emergency cross-hand replantation performed at the wrist level. In our case, insertions of the wrist flexor and extensor tendons at the second and third metacarpal bases were retained at the recipient, allowing for early active wrist motion and finger motion by tenodesis. Fascicle-specific nerve coaptations were performed. The patient achieved satisfactory functional results, allowing him independence with daily living activities and return to gainful employment. At the time of telemedicine follow-up at 5 years, he was employed full-time, reported no difficulty or mild difficulty with most daily activities, and preferred the use of his replanted hand over a contralateral prosthesis.
Consistency between Impedance Technique and Echocardiogram Hemodynamic Measurements in Neonates
Authors: Wu Wenshen , Lin Sulian , Xie Caixuan , Li Jianbo , Lie Jingen , Qiu Shuyi 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to validate impedance technique (IT) by investigating the agreement in cardiac output measurements performed by IT and echocardiography (ECHO).
Study design This is a prospective observational study, including a total of 30 neonates who underwent hemodynamic measurements by IT and ECHO. To determine the agreement between both methods, we performed IT to measure stroke volume (SV-IT) and cardiac output (CO-IT) immediately before or after ECHO to measure SV (SV-ECHO) and CO (CO-ECHO). The precision and accuracy of the IT relative to ECHO were assessed.
Results SV-ECHO and SV-IT were (4.45 ± 0.78) and (4.54 ± 0.81) mL, respectively. The bias and limits of agreement of SV-IT were 0.09 mL and ( –1.92 to 1.73) mL, respectively. The true precision of SV-IT was 27.3%. Furthermore, CO-ECHO and CO-IT were (0.62 ± 0.12) and (0.61 ± 0.12) L/min, respectively. The bias and LoA of CO-IT were 0.01L/min and (–0.33 to 0.31) L/min, respectively. The true precision of CO-IT was 28.3%.
Conclusion Agreement between the IT and ECHO in the cardiac output measurement appeared acceptable. However, the accuracy and precision of the IT approach should be further investigated using a larger sample.
The discursive (mis)representation of English language proficiency
Authors: Bodis Agnes 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
International education constitutes a key industry in Australia and international students represent a third of
university students at Australian universities. This paper examines the media representation of international students in terms of
their English language proficiency. The study applies Critical Discourse Analysis to the multimodal data of an episode of a
current affairs TV program, Four Corners, and social media comments made to the episode. Using Social Actor
Analysis, the study finds that the responsibility for declining standards at universities is assigned to international students
through representations of their language use as problematic. This is supported by the visual representation of international
students as different. By systematically mapping out the English-as-a-problem discourse, the paper finds that the media
representation of language proficiency and language learning is simplistic and naïve and the social media discussion reinforces
this. This further contributes to the discursive exclusion of international students.
A pedagogical model for integrating film education and audio
description in foreign language acquisition
Authors: Herrero Carmen , Escobar Manuela 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Films are particularly powerful pedagogical tools that can help improve the
linguistic skills of foreign language learners. Audio describing tasks can
provide additional benefits. However, for an efficient use of feature films,
learners need to be trained on how to elaborate audio description texts and
develop active viewing strategies. This article discusses a language teaching
approach that advocates the addition of Film Literacy education and audio
description tasks to the language curriculum. It focuses on the application of
audio description, in both oral and written form, to the acquisition of Spanish
as a foreign language in Higher Education. It presents a pedagogical model
designed to help students develop linguistic, cultural and intercultural
competences while encouraging the aesthetic appreciation of films as cultural
objects that can be evaluated through a wide range of critical approaches.
The implications of Cognitive Load Theory and exposure to subtitles
in English as a Foreign Language (EFL)
Authors: Frumuselu Anca Daniela 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The pedagogical use of subtitled and captioned material in the foreign language
classroom is upheld by various theories which reveal the cognitive processing
activated when students are exposed to multimedia and subtitled audiovisual
materials. The three theories that will be considered here are Cognitive Load
Theory (CLT), Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning (CTML) and Cognitive
Affective Theory of Learning with Media (CATLM). The main purpose of the paper
is to illustrate the internal mechanisms triggered in learners when various
sensorial channels (visual, auditory and textual) coincide simultaneously on
screen and how this may affect their cognitive engagement and motivation while
learning a foreign language. Additionally, two empirical studies will be
presented in the second part of the article in order to provide evidence of the
benefits of using subtitled audiovisual materials in the English as a Foreign
Language (EFL) classroom in Higher Education. The results show that both
interlingual (L1) and intralingual (L2) subtitles prove to have a facilitating
role in informal and colloquial language learning in this context.
Exploring the possibilities of interactive audiovisual activities for language learning
Authors: Sokoli Stavroula 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Language teachers often resort to video to familiarise their students with contextualised linguistic and cultural aspects of
communication. Since they tend to consider learning-by-doing more effective than learning-by-viewing, they try to further
exploit this valuable asset through active tasks, such as taking notes or answering comprehension questions, silent viewing
and predicting, ordering sentences, role-playing, analysing, summarising and describing (Zabalbeascoa et al. 2015). Advances in ICT have enabled more interactive options, with a view to
expanding the range of available activities to include audiovisual translation (AVT) activities, such as subtitling and
dubbing. This is the focus of ClipFlair, a project which developed a platform for creating and hosting such activities and a
pedagogical proposal based on the idea that language learning can be enhanced with the use of activities asking learners to
work from a video by inserting their own writing (captioning) or speech (revoicing). Based on this framework, a whole range of
possible activities are open to teachers, beyond standard subtitling and dubbing.
This paper starts out by briefly describing previous work done in the area and goes on to illustrate the ClipFlair conceptual
framework including the educational specifications for the web platform, after the description of which concrete examples are
provided in order to expand on the possible audiovisual activities that can be used in a language classroom and beyond.
Finally, the paper gives an account of the learner survey carried out during the pilot phase of the project, which included
feedback provided by more than a thousand learners and teachers.
Intralingual dubbing as a tool for developing speaking
skills
Authors: Sánchez-Requena Alicia 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Communicating verbally with others is one of the main features of human
behaviour, but the time employed in class to practise this skill is often
insufficient. In an attempt to overcome the need to practise oral conversations
and help students feel less anxious in foreign language (FL) contexts, new
didactic approaches are being considered. Amongst those, the active use of
techniques traditionally employed in audiovisual translation (AVT) has proved to
have a positive impact on FL learning.
This paper examines the relationship between intralingual dubbing (students'
replacement of the original voices of actors in one-minute long clips) and FL oral
expression. The main aim is to provide objective evidence that the use of
intralingual dubbing can enhance speed, intonation and pronunciation when
speaking spontaneously in Spanish as an FL. A total of 47 participants aged 16–18
with a B1 level of Spanish dubbed videos for 12 weeks. Data is triangulated both
qualitatively and quantitatively. Results confirm the main hypothesis and serve
as evidence to support theoretical aspects of the inclusion of active AVT
techniques in FL speaking classes.
The use of audio description in foreign language education
Authors: Navarrete Marga 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Audio description (AD) is a type of audiovisual translation (AVT) used for making video content accessible to the blind and
visually impaired. Over the last decade, the pedagogic potential of AVT in foreign language learning (FLL) has gained
increasing recognition by experts. However, AD as a didactic tool in FLL is an innovative area that has received very little
attention so far, despite its significant potential for language learners. In addition, many experts in Applied Linguistics
have shown a growing interest in the study of fluency, pronunciation and intonation.
With these ideas in mind the author of the present article has carried out a small scale preliminary experiment with university
students of Spanish as a Foreign Language. This article presents the methodological framework of the experiment which includes
the instruments for data gathering. Although only six students completed the experiment, their responses were positive and
encouraging as they found active AD tasks useful for language learning. It is hoped that the lessons learnt will inform the
methodological framework for larger scale studies.
Why is that creature grunting?
Authors: Costal Tomás 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Video games today are highly complex audiovisual products. Their nature is not
only multisemiotic but also interactive. Their potential audience has certain
expectations and, especially in the case of digital blockbusters, final users
need the advantage of knowledge and the force of numbers. A faux
pas in design, continuity or playability will most likely be
conducive to social media outrage, and will see official apologies be released
presently. Conversely, accessibility shortcomings rarely or never have the same
impact.
The present study puts forward the advantages of including Subtitles for the Deaf and Hard of Hearing (SDH) in
popular video games and offers an in-depth analysis of a selection of recent
multimedia titles. Drawing on the work of Bernal Merino (2015), O’Hagan
and Mangiron (2013) and Trabattoni (2014) on the special characteristics of video games, the
main elements around which they are structured and the aspects that determine
their success or failure, the author will endeavour to advance a convincing
argument in favour of the introduction of SDH subtitling conventions.
Studying the language of Dutch audio description
Authors: Reviers Nina 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The present paper aims to combine insights from Applied Linguistics, Corpus Linguistics, Multimodality Research and Audiovisual
Translation Studies in order to explore language use in a specific form of audiovisual translation, namely Audio Description
(AD) for the blind and visually impaired. It is said that the communicative function of ADs and their multimodal context have
a significant influence on the lexical, grammatical and syntactical choices describers make. This article aims to uncover
these idiosyncratic linguistic patterns by conducting a quantitative and qualitative analysis of an annotated, audiovisual
corpus of 39 Dutch films and series that have been released with AD in Flanders and the Netherlands. The paper analyses
frequency lists, keywords, part-of-speech distributions and type-token ratios statistically, and subsequently conducts a
qualitative analysis taking systemic functional linguistics as a theoretical framework. The results confirm the hypothesis
that the language of AD is idiosyncratic and highlight the most salient lexico-grammatical features characterising the
language of Dutch AD.
Translaboration in the rehearsal room
Authors: Pfeiffer Kerstin , Richardson Michael , Wurm Svenja 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This article explores the role of translaboration in an area where collaborative translation and co-creative
processes intertwine: a bilingual devised theatre rehearsal room. Scholarship has tended to focus on translated plays as cultural
products and on the difficulty associated with making bilingual theatrical products accessible to unilingual audiences. Here,
however, our focus is on translation within the creative process. We use two bilingual projects as examples. Each project brought
together participants from two cultural backgrounds: in one case, German and Czech young people; in the other, deaf and hearing
people from the UK. Possessing varying bilingual competencies, these participants employed their shared communicative repertoire
to ensure the collaborative creation of new, bilingual theatrical material. Their diverse communication strategies can be regarded
as translanguaging: a fluid, non-hierarchical practice that challenges the notion of uni-directional translation from a source
text. We argue that in this setting, translanguaging is the practice that enables translaboration. This practice is compromised by
the imposition of top-down structures that inhibit the organic development of democratic and potentially transformative
environments in which problematic power relationships can be reworked. Such transformativity relies on collaboration in both
devising and translation, co-creation and translaboration, and the two are mutually interdependent.
Occupational Dermatitis in Welding: Does Nickel Exposure Account for Higher Rates in Women? Analysis of a Canadian Cohort
Authors: Cherry Nicola , Galarneau Jean-Michel 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Women are reported to have higher rates of nickel sensitization than men, but there have been few studies of sex-related differences in dermatitis associated with occupational nickel exposure. This analysis examines dermatitis in a large cohort of women and men in welding and electrical occupations and considers how far differences in rates of dermatitis may be accounted for by nickel exposure.

Methods
Women and men were recruited to cohorts of workers who had entered welding and electrical apprenticeships (the WHAT-ME and WHAT-MEN studies). Participants completed questionnaires at baseline and every 6 months for up to 5 years. At each contact, cohort members were asked about current dermatitis and whether it was made worse by work. From the first follow-up after recruitment, those working in their trade completed detailed subroutines about tasks in their trade including, for welders, the process, base metal, and consumables. Exposures were considered by trade and, within welding, by stainless or high alloy steel (SOHAS) as the base metal. Urinary nickel concentration was also examined. Using only report of dermatitis that began after entry to the trade, new-onset dermatitis, all episodes of dermatitis, and dermatitis made worse by work were examined against exposure by multilevel, multivariable logistic regression, allowing for potential confounding.

Results
Among 1885 participants (welders; 447 women, 554 men: electrical trades; 438 women, 446 men), 200 reported dermatitis that started before they entered the trade, leaving 1685 for analysis. Women, but not men, who had entered the welding trades were more at risk of new onset [odds ratio (OR) = 1.54; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02–2.32] or dermatitis episodes (OR = 1.75; 95% CI 1.10–2.77) than those entering the electrical trades. Within welding, women were more at risk than men of new-onset dermatitis (OR = 1.85; 95% CI 1.15–2.96) and dermatitis episodes (2.14; 95% CI 1.24–3.68) but were not more likely to report these were made worse by work. Use of SOHAS as the base metal was associated with reports that dermatitis was made worse by work (3.54; 95% CI 1.04–12.03), but having adjusted for SOHAS use, women still remained at greater risk. A final analysis considered the effect on risk estimates of removing those welding SOHAS from the analysis. The risk for women of episodes of dermatitis was essentially unchanged, whether the comparison group was male welders or women in the electrical trades.

Conclusions
Welding is associated with risk of dermatitis in women. Although welding of SOHAS was associated with dermatitis that was made worse by work, it does not importantly explain the higher female rates in welding and other causes must be examined to support preventive measures.
Male rock lizards may compensate reproductive costs of an immune challenge affecting sexual signals
Authors: Rodríguez-Ruiz Gonzalo , Ortega Jesús , Cuervo José Javier , López Pilar , Salvador Alfredo , Martín José 
Published: April 2020

AbstractSexual signals can be evolutionarily stable if they are condition dependent or costly to the signaler. One of these costs may be the trade-off between maintaining the immune system and the elaboration of ornaments. Experimental immune challenges in captivity show a reduction in the expression of sexual signals, but it is not clear whether these detrimental effects are important in nature and, more importantly, whether they have reproductive consequences. We designed a field experiment to challenge the immune system of wild male Carpetan rock lizards, Iberolacerta cyreni, with a bacterial antigen (lipopolysaccharide). The immune challenge decreased relative reflectance of ultraviolet structural and melanin-dependent sexual coloration in the throat and the lateral ocelli, whereas the carotenoid-dependent dorsal green coloration was not affected. Immune activation also decreased proportions of ergosterol and cholesta-5,7-dien-3-ol in femoral secretions. These results support a trade-off between the immune system and both visual and chemical sexual ornaments. Moreover, the reproductive success of males, estimated with DNA microsatellites, depended on the expression of some color and chemical traits. However, the immune challenge did not cause overall differences in reproductive success, although it increased with body size/age in control but not in challenged males. This suggests the use of alternative reproductive strategies (e.g., forced matings) in challenged males, particularly in smaller ones. These males might consider that their survival probabilities are low and increase reproductive effort as a form of terminal investment in spite of their “low-quality” sexual signals and potential survival costs.
Nonparametric targeted Bayesian estimation of class proportions in unlabeled data
Authors: Díaz Iván , Savenkov Oleksander , Kamel Hooman 
Published: April 2020

Summary
We introduce a novel Bayesian estimator for the class proportion in an unlabeled dataset, based on the targeted learning framework. The procedure requires the specification of a prior (and outputs a posterior) only for the target of inference, and yields a tightly concentrated posterior. When the scientific question can be characterized by a low-dimensional parameter functional, this focus on target prior and posterior distributions perfectly aligns with Bayesian subjectivism. We prove a Bernstein–von Mises-type result for our proposed Bayesian procedure, which guarantees that the posterior distribution converges to the distribution of an efficient, asymptotically linear estimator. In particular, the posterior is Gaussian, doubly robust, and efficient in the limit, under the only assumption that certain nuisance parameters are estimated at slower-than-parametric rates. We perform numerical studies illustrating the frequentist properties of the method. We also illustrate their use in a motivating application to estimate the proportion of embolic strokes of undetermined source arising from occult cardiac sources or large-artery atherosclerotic lesions. Though we focus on the motivating example of the proportion of cases in an unlabeled dataset, the procedure is general and can be adapted to estimate any pathwise differentiable parameter in a non-parametric model.