bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Statistical analysis of mechanical properties of wood dust filled Jute fiber based hybrid composites under cryogenic atmosphere using Grey-Taguchi method
Authors: Velmurugan G , Babu K 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
At present, composites are being utilized on account of simplicity in manufacturing and their characteristics are low weight, non-abrasive, non-flammable and non-harmful. This article attempts to achieve good mechanical properties of the wood and woven jute based natural fiber-reinforced plastics. The required composite materials were fabricated by using a hand layup method. The fabricated laminates were immersed in liquid nitrogen at 77 K for cryogenic treatments. The following parameters are (i) wood density, (ii) wood weight ratio, (iii) woven jute type, (iv) number of jute layers, (v) cryogenic treatment durations and (vi) alkaline treatment durations, each at three different levels were picked for composite development by utilizing the Gray-Taguchi method. Mechanical testing of fabricated laminates was done as per ASTM standards to estimate compressive, double shear and hardness properties. Based on the L27 (36) orthogonal array of the Grey Taguchi technique, 27 investigational trials were conducted. According to the Gray relation analysis, 300 kg m−3 of wood density with a weight ratio of 12%, three layers of 350 gsm woven jute, 60 min of cryogenic treatment and 4 h of alkaline treatments resulted in good mechanical strength of the composites. Based on the Analysis of Variance, wood density was identified as the most influencing parameter that contribute up to 35.65% to the improvement of the mechanical strength of hybrid composites. The morphological expositions of NaOH treated hybrid composites and degree of fibers’ dispersion into the matrix were discussed based on Optical and SEM images.
Effect of textured DLC coatings on tribological properties of titanium alloy under grease lubrication
Authors: Peng Rui , Zhang Peiyun , Tian Zhixiang , Zhu Dongpo , Chen Cheng , Yin Bifeng , Hua Xijun 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
To improve the tribological properties of titanium alloy surface and promote the functional application of titanium alloy, the synergistic anti-friction and wear-resistant effect of laser micro-textures and diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings on titanium alloy surface under grease lubrication were investigated in this paper. Micro-textures and DLC coatings were fabricated on the surface of titanium alloy by Nd:YAG laser and magnetron sputtering technology. Effects of different surface treatment methods and micro-textures parameters on tribological properties of titanium alloy samples was studied. The results showed that, compared with the smooth titanium alloy sample, the friction coefficient of micro-textured sample, DLC coated sample and textured DLC coated sample decreased by 43.7%, 75.8%, 80.6% respectively. The surface of textured coated titanium alloy had the best tribological properties with a friction coefficient of 0.0799. The wear on the surface of the titanium alloy sample treated by laser micro-textures and DLC coatings was obviously improved. Compared with the severe adhesive wear on the surface of the titanium alloy sample, the surface of the textured coated titanium alloy sample was slightly scratched, and the wear volume was decreased by 97.5%. Meanwhile, DLC coatings with 30% textures density and 20 μm textures depth showed the best anti-friction effect as well as the optimal hydrodynamic lubrication effect. Under the condition of grease lubrication, the surface of textured DLC coated titanium alloy substrate presented favorable anti-friction and wear-resistance effects, which revealed that reasonable micro-textures density and depth could more effectively exert the lubricating and anti-friction properties of textured DLC coatings.
Effect of a nickel-based alloy cladding layer on the strength and toughness of the high-strength steel laser-MAG hybrid welding joint
Authors: Fulong Zhang , Beibei Ma , Shuangyu Liu , Bo Cui , Fengde Liu , Guochang Liu , Wei Rui , Hong Zhang 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In this article, a 6 mm thick high-strength steel (HSS) was butt laser-MAG welded using nickel alloy wires as the cladding layer. By preparing the cladding layer on the groove, the microstructure and properties of the weld were adjusted. OM, XRD, SEM, and tensile and impact experiments were used to study the structure and mechanical properties of the welded joints. The results show that the weld structure with the cladding layer corresponds to austenite, while the microstructure of the conventional laser arc hybrid welded joint is a combination of austenite and martensite. Additionally, the tensile specimens of the welded joint are fractured at the weld. The fracture strength of the nickel alloy layer is 809 MPa, and the fracture strength of the conventional laser arc hybrid welded joint is 1149 MPa. The low temperature toughness (−40 °C) of conventional laser arc hybrid welded joint is 6.2J. The low temperature toughness (−40 °C) of prefabricated welded joints with laser-filled cladding has increased to 40.8 J, and this proves to be an effective method to improve the low temperature toughness of the welded joint.
Bipolar effects in snapback mechanism in advanced n-FET transistors under high current stress conditions
Authors: Singh Pragati , Dhar Rudra Sankar , Baishya Srimanta , Chatterjee Amitabh 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This work models high current snapback behavior in n-FET transistors with bottom body contact under high current stress at the drain for ZRAM (Zero capacitor RAM). We analyze 2D current flow in n-FET near the pinch-off region and relate the results to the S-shaped snapback characteristics under high injection avalanche generated carriers conditions. The role of surface bipolar effects on the first snapback phenomenon in the GG-NMOS (Gate-Grounded NMOS) is investigated. A novel physical insight of the bipolar activity is modeled through current flow and barrier lowering at the source-substrate junctions. Moreover, the coupling of electron and hole injection is described. Finally, a model for surface potential inside the substrate before and after snapback is derived and compared with TCAD simulation results. A very good agreement is observed between the model and the TCAD results.
Associations Between Objective Sleep Behaviors and Blood Glucose Variability in Young Children With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Monzon Alexandra D , Marker Arwen M , Noser Amy E , Clements Mark A , Patton Susana R 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background
Young children with Type 1 diabetes (T1D) are at risk for extreme blood glucose variability, a risk factor for suboptimal glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and long-term health complications. We know that a reciprocal relationship exists between sleep and glycemic outcomes in older youth with T1D; however, little research has examined objective sleep in young children (&lt;7 years) with T1D.

Purpose
This study examines bidirectional associations between sleep behaviors and glycemic variability in young children with T1D.

Methods
Thirty-nine young children with T1D (Mage 4.33 ± 1.46 years; MHbA1c 8.10 ± 1.06%) provided accelerometry data to objectively measure sleep onset latency, number of nighttime awakenings, and total sleep time. We also assessed HbA1c, average blood glucose, and glycemic variability (i.e., standard deviation of blood glucose from device downloads). We evaluated bidirectional relationships using multilevel modeling in SAS, with weekday/weekend as a Level 2 moderator.

Results
Children averaged 8.5 ± 1.44 hr of sleep per night, but only 12.8% met current sleep recommendations. Children experienced more nighttime awakenings, higher blood glucose, and more glycemic variability on weekends. Sleep onset latency and nighttime awakenings predicted greater glycemic variability on weekends, and weekend glycemic variability predicted increased nighttime awakenings.

Conclusions
Most young children with T1D did not meet sleep recommendations. Young children experienced more nighttime awakenings, higher blood glucose, and increased glycemic variability on weekends only, when routines may be less predictable. Findings suggest that one way families of young children with T1D may be able to decrease glycemic variability is to keep consistent routines on weekdays and weekends.
Conservative plumage masks extraordinary phylogenetic diversity in the Grallaria rufula (Rufous Antpitta) complex of the humid Andes
Authors: Chesser R Terry , Isler Morton L , Cuervo Andrés M , Cadena C Daniel , Galen Spencer C , Bergner Laura M , Fleischer Robert C , Bravo Gustavo A , Lane Daniel F , Hosner Peter A 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe Grallaria rufula complex is currently considered to consist of 2 species, G. rufula (Rufous Antpitta) and G. blakei (Chestnut Antpitta). However, it has been suggested that the complex, populations of which occur in humid montane forests from Venezuela to Bolivia, comprises a suite of vocally distinct yet morphologically cryptic species. We sequenced nuclear and mitochondrial DNA for 80 individuals from across the distribution of the complex to determine the extent of genetic variation between and within described taxa. Our results revealed 18 geographically coherent clades separated by substantial genetic divergence: 14 within rufula, 3 within blakei, and 1 corresponding to G. rufocinerea (Bicolored Antpitta), a species with distinctive plumage found to be nested within the complex. Neither G. rufula nor G. blakei as presently defined was monophyletic. Although 6 of the 7 recognized subspecies of G. rufula were monophyletic, several subspecies contained substantial genetic differentiation. Genetic variation was largely partitioned across recognized geographic barriers, especially across deep river valleys in Peru and Colombia. Coalescent modeling identified 17 of the 18 clades as significantly differentiated lineages, whereas analyses of vocalizations delineated 16 biological species within the complex. The G. rufula complex seems unusually diverse even among birds of the humid Andes, a prime location for cryptic speciation; however, the extent to which other dispersal-limited Andean species groups exhibit similar degrees of cryptic differentiation awaits further study.
Irinotecan and vandetanib create synergies for treatment of pancreatic cancer patients with concomitant TP53 and KRAS mutations
Authors: Kaushik Aman Chandra , Wang Yan-Jing , Wang Xiangeng , Wei Dong-Qing 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: The most frequently mutated gene pairs in pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) are KRAS and TP53, and our goal is to illustrate the multiomics and molecular dynamics landscapes of KRAS/TP53 mutation and also to obtain prospective novel drugs for KRAS- and TP53-mutated PAAD patients. Moreover, we also made an attempt to discover the probable link amid KRAS and TP53 on the basis of the abovementioned multiomics data. Method: We utilized TCGA & Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia data for the analysis of KRAS/TP53 mutation in a multiomics manner. In addition to that, we performed molecular dynamics analysis of KRAS and TP53 to produce mechanistic descriptions of particular mutations and carcinogenesis. Result: We discover that there is a significant difference in the genomics, transcriptomics, methylomics, and molecular dynamics pattern of KRAS and TP53 mutation from the matching wild type in PAAD, and the prognosis of pancreatic cancer is directly linked with a particular mutation of KRAS and protein stability. Screened drugs are potentially effective in PAAD patients. Conclusions: KRAS and TP53 prognosis of PAAD is directly associated with a specific mutation of KRAS. Irinotecan and vandetanib are prospective drugs for PAAD patients with KRASG12Dmutation and TP53 mutation.
High-dimensional empirical likelihood inference
Authors: Chang Jinyuan , Chen Song Xi , Tang Cheng Yong , Wu Tong Tong 
Published: June 2020

Summary
High-dimensional statistical inference with general estimating equations is challenging and remains little explored. We study two problems in the area: confidence set estimation for multiple components of the model parameters, and model specifications tests. First, we propose to construct a new set of estimating equations such that the impact from estimating the high-dimensional nuisance parameters becomes asymptotically negligible. The new construction enables us to estimate a valid confidence region by empirical likelihood ratio. Second, we propose a test statistic as the maximum of the marginal empirical likelihood ratios to quantify data evidence against the model specification. Our theory establishes the validity of the proposed empirical likelihood approaches, accommodating over-identification and exponentially growing data dimensionality. Numerical studies demonstrate promising performance and potential practical benefits of the new methods.
Oncogenic mechanisms in renal insufficiency
Authors: Volovat Simona Ruxandra , Volovat Constantin , Miron Ingrith , Kanbay Mehmet , Goldsmith David , Lungulescu Cristian , Badarau Silvia Corina , Covic Adrian 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe prevalence of both cancer and end-stage renal disease is increasing. In addition, medical advances have meant increased survival rates for both diseases. Many chemotherapeutics are renally excreted, and conversely, renal insufficiency promotes a pro-neoplastic state, including genitourinary and other cancers. Dialysis prolongs life while increasing cancer risk. Proposed oncogenic mechanisms include immune dysfunction, chronic inflammation, changes in gut microbiota and stimulation of the renin–angiotensin system. This review summarizes current concepts in the relationship between cancer and renal insufficiency.
Non-trophic Functional Ecology of Vertebrate Teeth: A Review
Authors: Gorman Courtney E , Hulsey C Darrin 
Published: June 2020

SynopsisTeeth are critical to the functional ecology of vertebrate trophic abilities, but are also used for a diversity of other non-trophic tasks. Teeth can play a substantial role in how animals move, manipulate their environment, positively interact with conspecifics, antagonistically interact with other organisms, and sense the environment. We review these non-trophic functions in an attempt to place the utility of human and all other vertebrate dentitions in a more diverse framework that emphasizes an expanded view of the functional importance and ecological diversity of teeth. In light of the extensive understanding of the developmental genetics, trophic functions, and evolutionary history of teeth, comparative studies of vertebrate dentitions will continue to provide unique insights into multi-functionality, many-to-one mapping, and the evolution of novel abilities.
Post-processing of the planewave approximation of Schrödinger equations. Part I: linear operators
Authors: Cancès Eric , Dusson Geneviève , Maday Yvon , Stamm Benjamin , Vohralík Martin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In this article we prove a priori error estimates for the perturbation-based post-processing of the plane-wave approximation of Schrödinger equations introduced and tested numerically in previous works (Cancès, Dusson, Maday, Stamm and Vohralík, (2014), A perturbation-method-based a posteriori estimator for the planewave discretization of nonlinear Schrödinger equations. C. R. Math., 352, 941--946; Cancès, Dusson, Maday, Stamm and Vohralík, (2016), A perturbation-method-based postprocessing for the planewave discretization of Kohn–Sham models. J. Comput. Phys., 307, 446--459.) We consider here a Schrödinger operator ${{\mathscr{H}} \,}= -\frac{1}{2}\varDelta +{\mathscr{V}}$ on $L^2(\varOmega )$, where $\varOmega $ is a cubic box with periodic boundary conditions and where ${\mathscr{V}}$ is a multiplicative operator by a regular-enough function ${\mathscr{V}}$. The quantities of interest are, on the one hand, the ground-state energy defined as the sum of the lowest $N$ eigenvalues of ${{\mathscr{H}} \,}$, and, on the other hand, the ground-state density matrix that is the spectral projector on the vector space spanned by the associated eigenvectors. Such a problem is central in first-principle molecular simulation, since it corresponds to the so-called linear subproblem in Kohn–Sham density functional theory. Interpreting the exact eigenpairs of ${{\mathscr{H}} \,}$ as perturbations of the numerical eigenpairs obtained by a variational approximation in a plane-wave (i.e., Fourier) basis we compute first-order corrections for the eigenfunctions, which are turned into corrections on the ground-state density matrix. This allows us to increase the accuracy by a factor proportional to the inverse of the kinetic energy cutoff ${E_{\textrm{c}}}^{-1}$ of both the ground-state energy and the ground-state density matrix in Hilbert–Schmidt norm at a low computational extra cost. Indeed, the computation of the corrections only requires the computation of the residual of the solution in a larger plane-wave basis and two fast Fourier transforms per eigenvalue.
Large-scale assessment of antimicrobial resistance marker databases for genetic phenotype prediction: a systematic review
Authors: Mahfouz Norhan , Ferreira Inês , Beisken Stephan , von Haeseler Arndt , Posch Andreas E 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundAntimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a rising health threat with 10 million annual casualties estimated by 2050. Appropriate treatment of infectious diseases with the right antibiotics reduces the spread of antibiotic resistance. Today, clinical practice relies on molecular and PCR techniques for pathogen identification and culture-based antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST). Recently, WGS has started to transform clinical microbiology, enabling prediction of resistance phenotypes from genotypes and allowing for more informed treatment decisions. WGS-based AST (WGS-AST) depends on the detection of AMR markers in sequenced isolates and therefore requires AMR reference databases. The completeness and quality of these databases are material to increase WGS-AST performance.MethodsWe present a systematic evaluation of the performance of publicly available AMR marker databases for resistance prediction on clinical isolates. We used the public databases CARD and ResFinder with a final dataset of 2587 isolates across five clinically relevant pathogens from PATRIC and NDARO, public repositories of antibiotic-resistant bacterial isolates.ResultsCARD and ResFinder WGS-AST performance had an overall balanced accuracy of 0.52 (±0.12) and 0.66 (±0.18), respectively. Major error rates were higher in CARD (42.68%) than ResFinder (25.06%). However, CARD showed almost no very major errors (1.17%) compared with ResFinder (4.42%).ConclusionsWe show that AMR databases need further expansion, improved marker annotations per antibiotic rather than per antibiotic class and validated multivariate marker panels to achieve clinical utility, e.g. in order to meet performance requirements such as provided by the FDA for clinical microbiology diagnostic testing.
Extensions of paraconsistent weak Kleene logic
Authors: Paoli Francesco , Pra Baldi Michele 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Paraconsistent weak Kleene ($\textrm{PWK}$) logic is the $3$-valued logic based on the weak Kleene matrices and with two designated values. In this paper, we investigate the poset of prevarieties of generalized involutive bisemilattices, focussing in particular on the order ideal generated by Α$\textrm{lg} (\textrm{PWK})$. Applying to this poset a general result by Alexej Pynko, we prove that, exactly like Priest’s logic of paradox, $\textrm{PWK}$ has only one proper nontrivial extension apart from classical logic: $\textrm{PWK}_{\textrm{E}}\textrm{,}$ PWK logic plus explosion. This $6$-valued logic, unlike $\textrm{PWK} $, fails to be paraconsistent. We describe its consequence relation via a variable inclusion criterion and identify its Suszko-reduced models.
Japanese structure survey of radiation oncology in 2013
Authors: Numasaki Hodaka , Teshima Teruki , Okuda Yasuo , Ogawa Kazuhiko ,   Japanese Society for Radiation Oncology Database Committee
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT
This paper describes the ongoing structure of radiation oncology in Japan in terms of equipment, personnel, patient load and geographic distribution to identify and overcome any existing limitations. From December 2014 to July 2017, the Japanese Society for Radiation Oncology conducted a questionnaire based on the Japanese national structure survey of radiation oncology in 2013. Data were analyzed based on institutional stratification by the annual number of new patients treated with radiotherapy per institution. The estimated annual numbers of new and total (new plus repeat) patients treated with radiation were 216 000 and 257 000, respectively. Additionally, the estimated cancer incidence was 862 452 cases with ~25.0% of all newly diagnosed patients being treated with radiation. The types and numbers of treatment devices actually used included linear accelerator (LINAC; n = 880), Gamma Knife (n = 45), 60Co remote afterloading system (RALS; n = 23) and 192Ir RALS (n = 128). The LINAC system used dual-energy functions in 675 units, 3D conformal radiotherapy functions in 785 and intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) functions in 494. There were 831 Japan Radiological Society/Japanese Society for Radiation Oncology-certified radiation oncologists, 1130.6 full-time equivalent (FTE) radiation oncologists, 2214.6 FTE radiotherapy technologists, 196.6 FTE medical physicists, 183.8 FTE radiotherapy quality managers and 856.7 FTE nurses. The frequency of IMRT use significantly increased during this time. In conclusion, the Japanese structure of radiation oncology has clearly improved in terms of equipment and utility although there was a shortage of personnel in 2013.
Genetic evidence illuminates the origin and global spread of the slug Deroceras invadens
Authors: Hutchinson John M C , Schlitt Bettina , Kořínková Tereza , Reise Heike , Barker Gary M 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACTThe terrestrial slug Deroceras invadens has spread across much of the world over the last century. What is there to learn about its origin, colonizations and diversity by comparing barcoding sequences of the mitochondrial gene COI (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I)? Samples from 317 localities covering most of the species’ range yielded 87 haplotypes. Higher diversity, the predominance of private haplotypes and geographic structuring all indicate a native range centred on southern Italy, including eastern Sicily. In contrast, central Italy is dominated by one haplotype, although accompanied by both close and more distant relatives; the lack of geographic structuring suggests recent expansion from a restricted distribution within that region. Beyond the Alps, two haplotypes predominate, accompanied by very similar variants; such star-shaped genealogies characterize recent population growth. Also, some rarer haplotypes have been independently introduced. Generally, haplotypes are well mixed here, often co-occurring at a locality. In North America and Australasia, some frequent haplotypes were likely directly introduced from Italy, because they were not found elsewhere in Europe. The rarity or absence in these continents of one or other of the two dominant European haplotypes suggests that import inspections have restricted repeated introductions. A skyline plot detects the recent demographic expansion but also indicates an earlier population decline in the native area. This may explain why the one-dimensional summary statistics FS and R2 did not signal population growth. A review of 41 other studies that used DNA to analyse invasions of terrestrial molluscs documents considerable diversity in methodology. Studies using genetic data to date recent invasions probably should adjust standard substitution rates upwards.