bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A methodology for projecting sparse populations and its application to remote Indigenous communities
Authors: Dockery Alfred Michael , Harris Mark N. , Holyoak Nicholas , Singh Ranjodh B. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA new method is proposed for generating projections for sparse populations by locality, age cohort and gender. An adaptation of the cohort replacement method, the approach uses a Tobit model with varying censoring limits to model population changes by cohort. As an applied example, projections are generated for 2016 Indigenous populations in communities in regional and remote Australia, and then compared to actual 2016 Census population counts. We argue the approach has considerable potential, with the model performing well in out-of-sample projection while offering projections at a much finer-grained level of disaggregation than currently available to planners and policy-makers.
“How Do They Even Know They Love?” The Image of Polyamory in Polish Expert Discourse
Authors: Grunt-Mejer Katarzyna , Chańska Weronika 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe article presents the results of a thematic analysis of statements about polyamory made in the media by Polish psychology and sexology experts. The analysis was conducted on the basis of 20 pieces of material released in the Polish national press, radio, and television between July 2012 and October 2018. The results show that most of the analyzed experts approach polyamory with suspicion. In most cases, the decision to be in a polyamorous relationship is assessed very negatively, and in the eyes of the therapists it is evidence of psychological defects in people who make such attempts or it is seen as a harbinger of unfavorable outcomes for the relationship. This negative psychological evaluation is often accompanied by a strong moral assessment and a clear willingness to discourage society from this relationship model. The results show that representatives of psychology and medical sciences in the Polish media support and legitimize the social and moral order that promotes mono-normativity. The true reasons for the aforementioned negative assessment are hidden behind a veil of scientific objectivity.
Cloud Computing Mobile Application for Remote Monitoring of Bell’s Palsy
Authors: Watts P , Breedon P , Nduka C , Neville C , Venables V , Clarke S 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMobile applications provide the healthcare industry with a means of connecting with patients in their own home utilizing their own personal mobile devices such as tablets and phones. This allows therapists to monitor the progress of people under their care from a remote location and all with the added benefit that patients are familiar with their own mobile devices; thereby reducing the time required to train patients with the new technology. There is also the added benefit to the health service that there is no additional cost required to purchase devices for use. The Facial Remote Activity Monitoring Eyewear (FRAME) mobile application and web service framework has been designed to work on the IOS and android platforms, the two most commonly used today. Results: The system utilizes secure cloud based data storage to collect, analyse and store data, this allows for near real time, secure access remotely by therapists to monitor their patients and intervene when required. The underlying framework has been designed to be secure, anonymous and flexible to ensure compliance with the data protection act and the latest General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR); this new standard came into effect in April 2018 and replaces the Data Protection Act in the UK and Europe.
Unsupervised representation learning with Minimax distance measures
Authors: Haghir Chehreghani Morteza 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe investigate the use of Minimax distances to extract in a nonparametric way the features that capture the unknown underlying patterns and structures in the data. We develop a general-purpose and computationally efficient framework to employ Minimax distances with many machine learning methods that perform on numerical data. We study both computing the pairwise Minimax distances for all pairs of objects and as well as computing the Minimax distances of all the objects to/from a fixed (test) object. We first efficiently compute the pairwise Minimax distances between the objects, using the equivalence of Minimax distances over a graph and over a minimum spanning tree constructed on that. Then, we perform an embedding of the pairwise Minimax distances into a new vector space, such that their squared Euclidean distances in the new space equal to the pairwise Minimax distances in the original space. We also study the case of having multiple pairwise Minimax matrices, instead of a single one. Thereby, we propose an embedding via first summing up the centered matrices and then performing an eigenvalue decomposition to obtain the relevant features. In the following, we study computing Minimax distances from a fixed (test) object which can be used for instance inK-nearest neighbor search. Similar to the case of all-pair pairwise Minimax distances, we develop an efficient and general-purpose algorithm that is applicable with any arbitrary base distance measure. Moreover, we investigate in detail the edges selected by the Minimax distances and thereby explore the ability of Minimax distances in detecting outlier objects. Finally, for each setting, we perform several experiments to demonstrate the effectiveness of our framework.
Huge typical pulmonary carcinoid presented with gigantism syndrome
Authors: Beshay Morris , Gutierrez Federico , Windmöller Beatrice Ariane , Förster Christina , Mertzlufft Fritz 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA 27-year-old male patient presented with cough and right-sided, light thoracic pain. His physical appearance showed typical features of gigantism. Subsequently, further diagnostic work-up showed elevated level of growth hormone and a huge tumor of the right lung, identifying a typical pulmonary carcinoid tumor (TPCT). Curative surgery was performed leading to normalization of the elevated growth hormone levels few days after surgery. Two- and five-year follow-up showed no signs of recurrence. Respected to tumor size, we determined the largest TPCT to be reported in medical literature history.
Interventions that Facilitate Shared Decision-Making in Cancers with Active Surveillance as Treatment Option: a Systematic Review of Literature
Authors: Collée G. E. , van der Wilk B. J. , van Lanschot J. J. B. , Busschbach J. J. , Timmermans L. , Lagarde S. M. , Kranenburg L. W. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Purpose of review
Medical decisions concerning active surveillance are complex, especially when evidence on superiority of one of the treatments is lacking. Decision aids have been developed to facilitate shared decision-making on whether to pursue an active surveillance strategy. However, it is unclear how these decision aids are designed and which outcomes are considered relevant. The purpose of this study is to systematically review all decision aids in the field of oncological active surveillance strategies and outcomes used by authors to assess their efficacy.

Recent findings
A search was performed in Embase, Medline, Web of Science, Cochrane, PsycINFO Ovid and Google Scholar until June 2019. Eligible studies concerned interventions aiming to facilitate shared decision-making for patients confronted with several treatment alternatives, with active surveillance being one of the treatment alternatives. Twenty-three eligible articles were included. Twenty-one articles included patients with prostate cancer, one with thyroid cancer and one with ovarian cancer. Interventions mostly consisted of an interactive web-based decision aid format. After categorization of outcomes, seven main groups were identified: knowledge, involvement in decision-making, decisional conflict, treatment preference, decision regret, anxiety and health-related outcomes.

Summary
Although active surveillance has been implemented for several malignancies, interventions that facilitate shared decision-making between active surveillance and other equally effective treatment alternatives are scarce. Future research should focus on developing interventions for malignancies like rectal cancer and oesophageal cancer as well. The efficacy of interventions is mostly assessed using short-term outcomes.
A community of advantage or mutual respect?
Authors: Hargreaves Heap Shaun P. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis paper reviews the points of continuity and change between Sugden’s new book and his classic from the 1980s, The Political Economy of Welfare, Rights and Cooperation. It argues that while his new responses to the ‘nudging’ revolution and rising inequality have sharpened his argument for, respectively, the economist as ‘contractarian’ adviser to citizenry model and his defence of the market as an institution of mutual benefit, the introduction of Adam Smith’s concept of ‘mutual sympathy’ is double-edged. It fills a psychological gap in Hume that is important for ‘contractarian’ proposals to citizenry, but it also suggests we might plausibly be interested in something more than mutual benefit when deciding what rules to be regulated by.
Detection of breast cancer precursor lesions by autofluorescence ductoscopy
Authors: Waaijer Laurien , Filipe Mando D. , Simons Janine , van der Pol Carmen C. , de Boorder Tjeerd , van Diest Paul J. , Witkamp Arjen Joost 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Autofluorescence is an image enhancement technique used for the detection of cancer precursor lesions in pulmonary and gastrointestinal endoscopy. This study evaluated the feasibility of addition of autofluorescence to ductoscopy for the detection of intraductal breast cancer precursor lesions.

Methods
An autofluorescence imaging system, producing real-time computed images combining fluorescence intensities, was coupled to a conventional white light ductoscopy system. Prior to surgery, ductoscopy with white light and autofluorescence was evaluated under general anaesthesia in women scheduled for therapeutic or prophylactic mastectomy. Endoscopic findings in both modes were compared, marked and correlated with histology of the surgical specimen.

Results
Four breast cancer patients and five high-risk women, with a median age of 47 years (range 23–62) were included. In autofluorescence mode, two intraductal lesions were seen in two breast cancer patients, which had an increase in the red-to-green fluorescence intensity compared with the surrounding tissue. One lesion had initially been missed by white light ductoscopy but was clearly visible in subsequent autofluorescence mode. One endoscopic finding was classified as suspicious by white light, but was negative in autofluorescence mode and showed normal histology.

Conclusions
This study demonstrates for the first time the in vivo feasibility of autofluorescence ductoscopy to detect pathologically confirmed breast cancer precursor lesions in both breast cancer patients and high-risk women that were occult under white light.
Extracting Maritime Traffic Networks from AIS Data Using Evolutionary Algorithm
Authors: Filipiak Dominik , Węcel Krzysztof , Stróżyna Milena , Michalak Michał , Abramowicz Witold 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe presented method reconstructs a network (a graph) from AIS data, which reflects vessel traffic and can be used for route planning. The approach consists of three main steps: maneuvering points detection, waypoints discovery, and edge construction. The maneuvering points detection uses the CUSUM method and reduces the amount of data for further processing. The genetic algorithm with spatial partitioning is used for waypoints discovery. Finally, edges connecting these waypoints form the final maritime traffic network. The approach aims at advancing the practice of maritime voyage planning, which is typically done manually by a ship’s navigation officer. The authors demonstrate the results of the implementation using Apache Spark, a popular distributed and parallel computing framework. The method is evaluated by comparing the results with an on-line voyage planning application. The evaluation shows that the approach has the capacity to generate a graph which resembles the real-world maritime traffic network.
Late Quaternary sedimentation dynamics in the Beenchime-Salaatinsky Crater, Northern Yakutia
Authors: Schwamborn Georg , Manthey Christoph , Diekmann Bernhard , Raschke Ulli , Zhuravlev Anatoly , Prokopiev Andrei V. , Schirrmeister Lutz 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe Beenchime-Salaatinsky Crater (BSC) is located west of the Olenyok River in Northern Yakutia, ~ 260 km south-west of Tiksi and the Lena Delta. The age and origin (volcanic versus meteoritic) of this crater is poorly understood. The key scientific interest in re-visiting the BSC is the reappraisal of the Quaternary sedimentation dynamics for a better understanding of the sediment history and thickness in the basin. This aides for an assessment, if the site is prospective for a deeper drilling of a Quaternary (or Cenozoic) sediment archive. Soil pits and auger cores from slopes and lowland terrain in the basin were sampled and studied to infer sediment ages and transport dynamics. This also included a thermokarst lake placed in the centre of the basin. Studied properties include grain-size distribution, organic carbon and nitrogen contents (TOC and TN), heavy mineral compositions, δ13C of organic carbon, 14C ages from sediment, δ18O and δD from ground ice and waters, and lake bathymetry from GPR profiling, in addition. We conclude that the crater floor in the BSC is underlain by fluvial/alluvial sediments from the MIS 3 period. Thermokarst lake formation took place during the Holocene Thermal Maximum between 7600 and 6100 cal yr BP. The lake has been shrinking hereafter. Fluvial/alluvial sedimentation along the drainage pattern was active again between 5700 to 1500 cal yr BP, and it was flanked by the accumulation of peaty and organic-rich sediments and the formation of ice-wedge polygons.
Customized Frozen Embryo Transfer after Identification of the Receptivity Window with a Transcriptomic Approach Improves the Implantation and Live Birth Rates in Patients with Repeated Implantation Failure
Authors: Haouzi Delphine , Entezami Frida , Torre Antoine , Innocenti Charlène , Antoine Yannick , Mauries Charlotte , Vincens Claire , Bringer-Deutsch Sophie , Gala Anna , Ferrieres-HOA Alice , Ohl Jeanine , Gonzalez Marti Beatriz , Brouillet Sophie , Hamamah Samir 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe aim of this prospective study was to evaluate outcome benefits expected in repeated implantation failure (RIF) patients (n = 217) after customized embryo transfer based upon identification of the receptivity window by transcriptomic approach using the Win-Test. In this test, the expression of 11 endometrial genes known to be predictive of endometrial receptivity is assessed by RT-PCR in biopsies collected during the implantation window (6–9 days after the spontaneous luteinizing hormone surge during natural cycles, 5–9 days after progesterone administration during hormone replacement therapy cycles). Then, patients underwent either customized embryo transfer (cET, n = 157 patients) according to the Win-Test results or embryo transfer according to the classical procedure (control group, n = 60). Pregnancy and live birth rates were compared in the two groups. The Win-Test showed that in 78.5% of women, the receptivity window lasted less than 48 h, although it could be shorter (< 24 h, 9.5%) or longer (> 48 h, 12%). This highlighted that only in 20% of patients with RIF the endometrium would have been receptive if the classical embryo transfer protocol was followed. In the other 80% of patients, the receptivity window was delayed by 1–3 days relative to the classical timing. This suggests that implantation failure could be linked to inadequate timing of embryo transfer. In agreement, both implantation (22.7% vs. 7.2%) and live birth rates per patient (31.8% vs. 8.3%) were significantly higher in the cET group than in the control group. cET on the basis of the Win-Test results could be proposed to improve pregnancy and live birth rates.ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT04192396; December 5, 2019, retrospectively registered.
Experimental evidence, scaling and public policy: a perspective from developing countries
Authors: MANI ANANDI 
Published: July 2020

AbstractI highlight two important factors particular to less-developed countries that can bias evidence generation and contribute to the ‘voltage drop’ in programme benefits, moving from field research experiments to policy implementation at scale. The first is the non-linear increase in information processing and coordination costs associated with upscaling in less-developed countries, given limited state capacity and rigid organizational hierarchies. The second is political bias in the choice of programmes considered for rigorous evaluation itself, resulting in distorted evidence and policy choice. These two factors raise considerations that complement the economics-based approach outlined by Al-Ubaydli et al. in the quest for more rigorous, evidence-based policy.
Enhancing the Robustness of Causal Claims Based on Case Study Research on Conflict Zones: Observations from Fieldwork in Donbas
Authors: Wolff Stefan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractFocusing on process tracing and using the example of fieldwork in Donbas, I develop an argument on what theoretically grounded and empirically detailed methodological solutions can be considered to mitigate the challenges of research on conflict zones and assure the robustness of any causal claims made. I first outline my assumptions about process tracing as the central case study method and its application to research on conflict zones, and then discuss in more detail data requirements, data collection, and data analysis. Using two examples of case studies on the war in and over Donbas, I illustrate how three standards of best-practice in process tracing—the need for a theory-guided inquiry, the necessity to enhance causal inference by paying attention to (and ruling out) rival explanations, and the importance of transparency in the design and execution of research—can be applied in the challenging circumstances of fieldwork-based case studies of conflict zones. I conclude by suggesting that as a minimum threshold for reliance upon causal inferences, these three standards also should align with a standard of evidence that requires both the theoretical and empirical plausibility of any conclusions drawn.
ON GILP’S GROUP-THEORETIC APPROACH TO FALCONER’S DISTANCE PROBLEM
Authors: YU HAN 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we follow and extend a group-theoretic method introduced by Greenleaf–Iosevich–Liu–Palsson (GILP) to study finite points configurations spanned by Borel sets in
$\mathbb{R}^n,n\geq 2,n\in\mathbb{N}.$
We remove a technical continuity condition in a GILP’s theorem in [Revista Mat. Iberoamer31 (2015), 799–810]. This allows us to extend the Wolff–Erdogan dimension bound for distance sets to finite points configurations with k points for
$k\in\{2,\dots,n+1\}$
forming a
$(k-1)$
-simplex.
Effect of fermentation time and acid casein concentration as nitrogen source on microbial rennet production
Authors: Fileto-Pérez Héctor A. , Montoya-Ayón Luis G. , Soto-García Esther , Páez-Lerma Jesús B. , Soto-Cruz Nicolás O. , García-Caballero Blanca E. , Rutiaga-Quiñones José G. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe evaluated the effects of fermentation time and acid casein content on the microbial rennet obtained by solid-state fermentation using wheat bran as the carbon source. The experiments used two fermentation times (72 and 96 h), while acid casein content was 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, and 3.0 g. Rennet strength from eight enzymatic extracts was measured using pasteurized whole milk. Rennet strength of samples from 72 h of fermentation showed an increase when acid casein content increased. The rennet strength increased at 96 h of fermentation with increasing amount of casein (up to 2.5 g), and then decreased with the largest addition (3.0 g) of casein. Coagulation time for the sample with highest rennet strength was 420 s.
The challenge of performing mastoidectomy using the operating microscope with coronavirus disease 2019 personal protective equipment (PPE)
Authors: Clamp P J , Broomfield S J 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectiveMastoidectomy is considered an aerosol-generating procedure. This study examined the effect of wearing personal protective equipment on the view achieved using the operating microscope.MethodsENT surgeons assessed the area of a calibrated target visible through an operating microscope whilst wearing a range of personal protective equipment, with prescription glasses when required. The distance between the surgeon's eye and the microscope was measured in each personal protective equipment condition.ResultsEleven surgeons participated. The distance from the eye to the microscope inversely correlated with the diameter and area visible (p < 0.001). The median area visible while wearing the filtering facepiece code 3 mask and full-face visor was 4 per cent (range, 4–16 per cent).ConclusionThe full-face visor is incompatible with the operating microscope. Solutions offering adequate eye protection for aerosol-generating procedures that require the microscope, including mastoidectomy, are urgently needed. Low-profile safety goggles should have a working distance of less than 20 mm and be compatible with prescription lenses.
‘Solemn and just demands’: Seeking apologies in the international arena
Authors: Adams Tracy , Kampf Zohar 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDemands for apology are a prominent rhetorical means for pointing out transgressions in contemporary world politics. They transform ‘seen but unnoticed’ conduct into ‘seen and noticed’ transgression and attach a price tag to the restoration of damaged relations. Nevertheless, compared to the widely discussed practice of apologising, demands for apologies have received scant scholarly attention. In this article we adopt an actor-oriented perspective in order to situate the speech act of demanding an apology within the delicate management of interstate relations. In-depth content analysis of 57 cases of demands made by various state actors in a variety of diplomatic contexts between 1999 and 2019 let us delineate the discursive construction of transgressions, the normative scripts that inform acts of demands, the types of sought-after remedies, and their discursive consequences. We conclude by discussing the normative diplomatic scripts that guide demands for apology and how these speech acts reconfigure power relations in international politics.