bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance and Emission Characteristics of Mahua Biodiesel blends
Authors: Tamilselvan R , Karthikeyan I , Vijian P 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The performance and emission characteristics of an engine that burns with Mahua biodiesel of 10%, 20% and 30% blends with diesel (on a volume basis) per unit area is investigated and compared with normal diesel fuel. The investigation is carried out to enhance the efficiency of the diesel fuel using biodiesel blends. The engine utilizes a direct injection system with a variable compression ratio. Also, the experiment was allotted with explicit injection temporal arrangement at 120 before the top dead center (BTDC) with the various compression ratios (air-fuel ratio) per unit area as 15:1, 16:1 and 17:1. Experiments were carried out at a constant speed of 1500 revolutions per minute. The results of the compression ratio relationship on brake thermal efficiency, specific fuel consumption, and emission characteristics have been investigated and associated. The mix blend 10 (B10) and the Compression ratio (CR) 17 are found to offer most mechanical efficiency at higher compression magnitude relations and it turns out to be 27.32%. Conjointly the Specific Fuel consumption (SFC) of mix B10 is found to be reduced in comparison to that of plain diesel. Emission parameters per unit area were analyzed with different various blends and different compression ratio relationships and compared with diesel fuel. The emission of Carbon monoxide oxides (CO), Hydrocarbons (HC) were generated with a rise in mixing magnitude relation and compression magnitude relations of most loads. Conjointly carbon dioxide emissions were found to be more than in diesel. The engine performance was found to be optimal once persecution of B10 as fuel at a compression magnitude relation of 17:1 throughout full load condition is when made.
Research on the performance characteristics of rapeseed oil for its use as a diesel fuel additive
Authors: Zlateva P , Demirova S 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Traditionally used fuels can be replaced with one of the possible alternatives such as rapeseed oil. With the development of Industry 4.0 and the high environmental requirements, research into reducing carbon dioxide emissions continues. To this end, research has been carried out on the performance characteristics of rapeseed oil, diesel and mixed fuel - 8% rapeseed oil and 92% diesel. In order to optimize the process, a study and in-depth analysis of the results of the use of diesel with the addition of biodiesel by end-customers has been carried out.
Investigation upon the operational factors influencing the smoke emissions from diesel engine
Authors: Moneva I K , Gramenova-Angelova M V , Ivanova M S , Petrov I S 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The results of laboratory examinations of the ecological characteristics of diesel internal-combustion engine are represented in this article. The powerful, economical and ecological parameters of a diesel engine investigated in this article are presented by the speed characteristics of effective torque, injected fuel per cycle, and fuel and air consumption per hour, temperature, and smoke emissions of exhaust gases. On the basis of the experimental dependences a mathematical model is designed. Parameters influencing significantly the smoke emissions of exhaust gases are investigated. The factors, injected fuel per cycle and excess-air factor, are examined at different operation regimes of the engine.
Precision vibration measurement systems
Authors: Stefanov S , Hristov R , Toteva P 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This report examines the design of a vibrostand for precision vibration measurements by comparing the parameters of the transducer with that of a reference transducer. The report gives the methodology for designing a stand for precise vibration measurements. Based on the theoretical calculation, a stand for precise vibration measurements was designed and manufactured. The manufactured stand has the lowest possible natural frequency, a characteristic of the suspension approaching the ideal, the possibility to adjust the stiffness of the suspension and a large load capacity.
A SI Engine Indicated Characteristics Determination for Gasoline and Methane Operation
Authors: Dimitrov R D , Bogdanov Kr Ts , Magdziak-Tokłowicz M , Andonov N A , Panayotova V Z 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The present paper presents a study whose objective is to determine the indicated parameters of an spark-ignition engine and external mixture formation when running on methane and gasoline. The experiments were carried out using optimum adjusting parameters for engine operation on methane and gasoline fuels. The parameters measured and determined are: indicated specific fuel consumption, indicated mean effective pressure, indicated power, indicated efficiency, friction mean effective pressure and etc. over the entire engine speed range. An analysis of the obtained results is made, comparing the obtained indicated parameters at the operation of internal combustion engines with alternative fuel - methane and traditional fuel - gasoline.
Changes in fuel supply parameters of Common Rail nozzle after major service intervals
Authors: Uzuntonev Trifon , Belchev Sergey 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In a number of countries of the European Union the average age of vehicle fleet is over 15 years, and in the entire European Union vehicles are on average 11.1 years old. This means that the environmental parameters are largely determined by the technical condition of the current vehicle fleet and in particular by the condition of fuel systems operated over extended periods of time. The article examines the changes in the behaviour of electromagnetic nozzles of Common Rail fuel system as a result of irreversible wear and deformation, which in turn affects the hydraulic characteristics and controllable fuel supply parameters. The influence of the changes in the electromagnetic nozzle’s adjustable geometric clearances on the injected fuel and the dephasing of this process in relation to the moment of transmission of the control pulse are examined. An analysis of the impact of these phenomena on the work process development in terms of deterioration of the vehicle’s environmental characteristics is made.
Automatic Diabetic Detection System based on Retina Using an artificial intelligent system
Authors: Alaydrus Zayd Assyarif , Astuti Winda , Tan Sofyan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The Diabetes measurement level usually uses the blood sugar test method, where patients have to fast for eight hours before the test. Glucose tests generally only require a small sample of blood using a sterile needle from the glucometer. The sufferer may feel pain due to a pin prick. However, not all diabetics can do glucose tests regarding having a great fear of syringes, especially in older patients. Therefore, in this work, the diabetic detection system with the retina is an alternative for early checking of patients without having to take a sample of the blood patient. The Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLAHE) is used to extract the signal, in which the extracted the retina image is later used as input to the artificial neural network (ANN) based identifier. The retina image parameters are compared and classified to identify the human retina that are intended to be performed. The results of the computer simulation show that this technique produces good accuracy 100% and 96.6%, for training and testing phases, respectively.
Fast and Accurate Fish Classification from Underwater Video using You Only Look Once
Authors: Lathifah Hasna Maudi , Novamizanti Ledya , Rizal Syamsul 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Indonesia is a maritime country and one of the largest archipelago countries in the world. Indonesian fisheries have many types of fish in stock, this causes difficulties in introducing fish species directly. This study designed a fish species classification system using the You Only Look Once (YOLO) architecture. YOLO is an object detection method using a convolutional network that will only be just once. Unlike the convolutional networks in general that spend thousands of networks to obtain an image with computing that is long enough. The architecture of this work using YOLO9000. The dataset consists of 6 classes, that is banded butterflyfish, blue tang surgeonfish, barred hamlet, black side hawkfish, Arabian Picasso triggerfish, dan black margate grunt. System testing produces an accuracy of 92%, IoS 0.75, and 2.223 FPS using Adam optimizer. The proposed system model has good accuracy and fast detection time.
Artificial Neural Networks For Pattern Recognize Handwritten
Authors: Nugroho Arief Kelik , Permadi Ipung , Hanifa Aini , Wiyanti Dian Tri 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Backpropagation is a supervised learning method on artificial neural networks. The process of training artificial neural networks that are built will be tested several structures of artificial neural networks, with the hope that the best structure is obtained to produce the output with the smallest error. The evaluation purposes use the same data set to form a neural model with a hidden level and the neuron model with two hidden levels then compare these three models both in terms of classification accuracy and training time. A neural network can be concluded that for each architecture, the neural network architecture used to recognize type 3 is 82,42%, type 2 77,5%, type 1 98,1%.
Thermal Hotspots Distribution of MODIS Aqua/Terra Satellite in Humbang Hasudutan Regency, Northern Sumatra
Authors: Darmawan Yahya , Nainggolan Lamtupa , Hutapea Thahir Daniel , Syahputra Makmur Erwin Eka , Munir Ivan Mambaul 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The hotspot of MODIS Aqua/Terra represents the high risk of land/forest fire due to an extreme temperature over the hotspot location. Spatial-temporal analysis of the hotspot can be used to map the regions with a high vulnerability of forest/land fires. This study has an objective to use hotspot data from MODIS Aqua/Terra to map the forest/land fires over the Humbang Hasudutan Regency from 2001 to 2019. In spatial, the hotspot mostly occurs in the eastern part of the study area (Doloksanggul and Pollung), which this area has assigned as the peatland area. Based on land cover, the hotspot often detected over the dryland agriculture, dryland with shrubs, and bare soil. In temporal, the hotspot mostly increases during the dry seasons such as February, June, and July. The hotspot decreases during the wet season, such as January, October, November, and December. Besides, there was an inversely proportional between the number of detected hotspots and rainfall over the study area.
Detection of Flood Inundation in the Progo Watershed using the SHETRAN Model
Authors: Suroso  , Nadawaty Refin , Santoso Purwanto Bekti 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Floods are the most frequent disasters in Indonesia in the past 20 years. Based on the Indonesian Disaster Information Data (DIBI) compiled by BNPB, there are considered to be 9053 events (37.5%) of the total natural disaster events in Indonesia. The flood disaster has threatened and disrupted people’s lives and even resulted in fatalities, environmental damage, property losses, and psychological impacts. Therefore several efforts of flood risk reduction are required. One of them is to develop a model to detect the depth of flood inundation. The purpose of this study is to apply the SHETRAN Model for flood inundation detection in the Progo Watershed. The SHETRAN model is a distributed hydrological model. The data required in this model are hydro-climatological data, including rainfall and evaporation, land use land cover, soil type, and topography data obtained from remote sensing. The results of this study indicate that in the range from 2001 to 2017, the maximum height of flood inundation between the data on flood events in the field and the phreatic depth of the results from the SHETRAN Model were 0.606 m which occurred on January 17, 2013 in Tirta Rahayu Village, Sub-district Galur, Kulon Progo Regency. While the maximum height of flood inundation results from the RStudio analysis on the Progo Watershed range from 2001 to 2017 were 3,856 m which occurred in 2010.
Run-up Height and Flow Depth Simulation of the 2006 South Java Tsunami Using COMCOT on Widarapayung Beach
Authors: Tri Laksono FX Anjar , Aditama Maulana Rizki , Setijadi Rachmad , Ramadhan Gumilar 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe destructive force of the tsunami could induce a considerable amount of casualties, infrastructures, and properties. One of the large tsunamis in Indonesia is 2006 South of Java Tsunami. There were 664 fatalities, 498 injured, 55 million dollars in losses, and 1623 homes damaged. Simulations of flow depth and run-up of the 2006 tsunami on Widarapayung Beach have never been conducted. Although they can be used as a basis for determining tsunami hazard zones. The method that might be used for tsunami impact analysis is tsunami waves modeling by considering the focal mechanism. The aims of this research are to determine the run-up height and flow depth of the 2006 tsunami on Widarapayung Beach. The calculations of modeling were performed using COMCOT numerical model. It operates calculations by solving shallow water equations in both linear and non-linear equations. Using this model, the generation and propagation of tsunami in a multi-grid system could be simulated. The result of the simulations on three different models depicts that the maximum run-up height on Widarapayung Beach is 3 to 3.8 m. The flow depth result from the three different models also suggests vulnerable areas up to 1 km from the shoreline.
Comparison of Preprint Publication Server Using Analytical Hierarchy Process
Authors: Aurachman Rio 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Publishing a scientific paper has many alternatives. One of them is to publish in preprint servers. In this work, we aim to compare available preprint servers by using several assessment criteria such as ease of citation and online accessibility. Based on the comparison, we recommend osf.io as a more convenient place to publish preprint articles. Osf.io meets the criteria of ease of citation and index on Google Scholar. Osf.io also fulfills several other assessment criteria.
Design Mitigation and Monitoring System of Blood Supply Chain Using SCOR (Supply Chain Operational Reference) and HOR (House of Risk)
Authors: Raras Dewantari Maria Francisca , Ridwan Ari Yanuar , Pambudi Hardian Kokoh 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Blood supply chain manages the flow of blood product from donors to patients. One of the service provider is PMI which contributes 92% of blood national donation. In fact, demands and supplies of in a blood supply chain are often unpredictable. They contribute to the occurrence of risks which have direct impacts on human life. Thus need a risk management to mitigate such impacts. One way to do so is by using Supply Chain Operational Reference (SCOR) model for mapping the activities of blood chain. Thus, it can facilitate the identification of risk events and risk agents. Further risk events and risk agents are processed using House of Risk (HOR). While the aim of HOR1 is to identify priority of the risk events, the HOR2 arranges necessary mitigation strategies. Moreover, in this work, there are 9 risk agents chosen from HOR1 and 8 preventive actions for the mitigation. Additionally, this research develop a monitoring system that may assist to monitor the occurring risks.
Facility Layout Design with Corelap Algorithm for Educational Tour
Authors: Jati Nayoko Prasetyo , Indah Rahayu Apsari Dita , Salsabila Shelly Elvina , ‘Azzam Abdullah 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Yogyakarta has potential in the field of tourism. Many places can be chosen to be visited, including tourism education village. This village is interesting because not only a vacation spot, but we can also increase our knowledge there. Currently, Widodomartani villagers are planning to create a tourism education village inspired by the tourism education village in Kebumen. To make a tourism education village there must be good planning. The purpose of this study is to assist Widodomartani villagers in planning the facility layout of an educational village. The analysis that will be carried out includes making business processes, identifying facilities, and establish facility layouts that can be used to plan the layout of facilities. Layouting facilities are done by the Corelap algorithm based on the relationship between the facilities. Based on TCR (Total Closeness Rating) for each department, where TCR is the number of value calculated based on the rating of a systematic approach. Determination of the layout of facilities for 24 facilities is done using Activity Relationship Diagrams by considering the Total Closeness Rating between existing facilities as a basis for determining the layout of facilities. From the results of the closeness relationship, layout optimization is done using CORELAP (Computerized Relationship Layout Planning) software to get the optimal layout which is then actualized described in Widodomartani tourism education village land.
African Buffalo Optimization for Solving Flow Shop Scheduling Problem to Minimize Makespan
Authors: Krisnawati M , Sibarani A A , Mustikasari A , Aulia D 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In this paper, African Buffalo Optimization is proposed to solve the flow-shop Scheduling Problem (FSP). The FSP involves n-job that was processed in m-machine. The aim is to reduce the makespan of the whole process. In this study, we also compare the African Buffalo Optimization with an exact solution and other meta-heuristic methods, such as Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Hybrid Genetics Algorithm, and also Crow-search Algorithm (CSA) to know the performance of the methods in solution quality and computational time. Friedman test showing African Buffalo Optimization gives an optimal solution in solution quality, the same result with the exact solution, PSO, and hybrid GA.
Design and analysis of gear testing kit and static structural analysis of spur gear using ANSYS software
Authors: Senthilnathan K , Kumar S Bharani , Suresh G , Ravi Rajesh , Srinivasan T , Krishnan G Sai 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Over the years, transmission system plays a vital role in automobile industry in order to improve the performance of vehicle. Since 323 BC to till date gears plays a vital role in building the integral parts of washing machines, gear pumps, gear motors and wrist watches and so on. The lot of gear applications are extended in all sector of transmission mediums, without gear elements most of the transmission become invaluable in modern engineering industry. This paper aims to design and analysis of gear testing kit, for testing the load generation developed on the gear tooth through brake drum. The main objective of this work is to design the components in a gear testing kit and the components involved in the gear testing domain, are modelled using CATIA software. The main components in our paper are 1/2hp motor, coupling; shaft and bearing, mating gears are made of same dimensions and of different materials. Further the work is to analyse the mating gears which are made of same material and analysis are carried through ANSYS software. Static Structural Analysis is carried through ANSYS analytical Software. Two types of plots are performed and their corresponding Von – Misses stress and Total Deformation at three different torque levels are evaluated.
Analytical and Numerical Approach on Design of Cageless Open Differential Unit
Authors: Ravikumar L , Yashwant K , Aravindan B , Vasanth Krishnan A , Jeyachandran Jerein 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
A differential is a gear train that transmits an engine’s torque to the wheels. During a turn, the outer and inner wheels of the vehicle are forced to travel along paths of different radii. A differential allows the outer driving wheel to rotate at a faster speed when compared to the inner driving wheel during a turn. It is designed such that, increase in speed of one wheel is balanced by a decrease in speed of the other. This ensures that the vehicle can negotiate a turning without slipping. The gears in the differential are supported by a cage which results in its bulky appearance and heavy form. This causes a number of disadvantages such as difference in length of the driveshafts and offset center of mass of the system due to asymmetrical design. Such a cage also adds additional weight to the vehicle and increases fuel consumption as a consequence. Its elimination results in a more compact and lightweight configuration. This paper focuses on the complete methodology of designing and analyzing a cageless differential. Various materials were considered for the assembly and one with adequate properties of strength, wear resistance and other core parameters was selected. Gear ratios were obtained through theoretical calculation and the values were used as input for designing using Solidworks software. Finite element analysis of the gear train was carried out using ANSYS Workbench to test the structural integrity and durability of the system through various types of analysis such as linear static structural, fatigue and explicit dynamic analysis. The results proved that the design meets the desired functionality and is an improvement to the conventional type of differential gearbox.
Investigations of the effect of the tool rotational speed on friction stir welded joint on aluminium metal matrix hybrid composite
Authors: Suresh Babu B , Maniratnam A S , Balaji T , Chandramohan G , Ambedkar T , Arunvarman B , Hari Prasath A , Hari Venkatesh R 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAluminium alloy based hybrid composites with ceramic reinforcements has caught the interest of research nowadays. The addition of more than one reinforcement in aluminium alloy matrix leads to the fabrication of Aluminium Metal Matrix Hybrid Composite (AMMHC). The need for the present investigation arrives from the above considerations in exploring the potential of joining the newly developed AMMHC for automobile applications. The stir casted Al 6063 with reinforcement 5% wt. Silicon Carbide (SiC) and 5% wt. Boron Carbide (B4C) was prepared and joined by friction stir welding (FSW) route. The prime experimental work has been tried out in the FSW process by varying Tool Rotational Speed (TRS) from 800-1200 rpm. The effect of TRS on AMMHCs was studied by evaluating macro and microstructural parameters followed by microhardness and ultimate tensile strength. It was seen that the1000 rpm of TRS gives better properties than other processing conditions. This effect of TRS revealed that fine particle dispersion followed by higher join strength can be obtained for AMMHC. This fabrication of AMMHC and the FSW processing parameter was recommended for automobile component applications.
Emission characteristics study of Gasoline-Diesel and Gasoline-Diesel/pentanol blend
Authors: Mathavan S , Mothilal T , Dillibabu V , Billy D , Muthu G 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Increase in vehicular emission affects the environment due to air pollution. Emission laws are formulated to control vehicular emission and all nations show their intensive interest in alternative fuel for pollution reduction and fuel economy. In the present work, experiment was carried out in a direct diesel inject 4-S engine; for diesel, Gasoline-Diesel and Gasoline-Diesel/pentanol blend (D70/P30). For dual fuel mode, Diesel is supplied from main injection and Gasoline was injected into the port at 5 bar. The result indicates high hydrocarbon emission at no load condition for both Gasoline-Diesel (1200 PPM) and Gasoline-Diesel/Pentanol blend (1170 PPM). Maximum NOx emission was observed for D70-P30 blend. Low CO emission (<2%), CO2 emission (<6%) and smoke emission (<70 PPM) was observed in blended fuel up to 60% load condition.