bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use, awareness and willingness to self-test for HIV: An analysis of cross-sectional population-based surveys in Malawi and Zimbabwe
Authors: Johnson Cheryl Case , Neuman Melissa , MacPherson Peter , Choko Augustine , Quinn Caitlin , Wong Vincent J , Hatzold Karin , Nyirenda Rose , Ncube Getrude , Baggaley Rachel , Terris-Prestholt Fern , Corbett Elizabeth 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background Many southern African countries are nearing the global goal to diagnose 90% of people with HIV by 2020. In 2016, 84% and 86% of people with HIV knew their status in Malawi and Zimbabwe respectively. Despite this progress, gaps remain, particularly among men (≥25 years). We investigated awareness, use and willingness to HIV self-test (HIVST) prior to large scale implementation and explored sociodemographic associations. Methods We pooled responses from two of the first cross-sectional Demographic Health Surveys to include HIVST questions: Malawi and Zimbabwe in 2015-16. Sociodemographic factors and sexual risk behaviours associated with previously testing for HIV, and awareness, past use and future willingness to self-test were investigated using univariable and multivariable logistic regression, adjusting for the sample design and limiting analysis to participants with completed questionnaire and a valid HIV result. Analysis of willingness to self-test was restricted to Zimbabwean men, as Malawians and women were not asked this question. Results Of 31 385 individuals, the proportion never-tested was higher for men (31.2%) than women (16.5%), p<0.001. For men, having ever tested increased with age. Past use and awareness of HIVST was very low, 1.2% and 12.6% respectively. Awareness was lower among women than men (9.1% vs 15.3%, adjusted odds ratio (aOR)=1.55; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.37-1.75), and at younger ages, and lower education and literacy levels. Willingness to self-test among Zimbabwean men was high (84.5%), with having previously tested for HIV, high sexual risk, and being ≥25 years associated with greater willingness. Wealthier men had greater awareness of HIVST than poorer men (p<0.001). Men at higher HIV-related sexual risk, compared to men at lower HIV-related sexual risk, had the greatest willingness to self-test (aOR=3.74; 95%CI: 1.39-10.03, p<0.009).Conclusions In 2015-16 many Malawian and Zimbabwean men had never tested for HIV. Despite low awareness and minimal HIVST experience at that time, willingness to self-test was high among Zimbabwean men, especially in older men with moderate to high HIV-related sexual risk. These data provide a valuable baseline against which to investigate population-level uptake of HIVST as programmes scale-up. Programmes introducing, or planning to introduce HIVST, should consider including questions in population-based surveys.
Is oral lichen planus a risk factor for peri-implant diseases? A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Xiong Xiaoqin , Xu Tiantian , Wang Xinhong , Qin Wenguang , Yu Ting , Gang Luo 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: To evaluate whether oral lichen planus (OLP) is a risk factor for peri-implant diseases (PIDs) with a systematic review and meta-analysis.Methods: Five electronic databases including Medline, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library and Scopus were searched. The included studies are observational human studies written in English. The population of interest included those with/without OLP who received dental implant treatment. The follow-up time after implantation was from one month to 20 years. The quality of the included articles regarding risk of bias and methodology were assessed with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale or the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. The data involving exposure (OLP), primary outcomes (implants having PIDs) and secondary outcomes (probing depth/PD, bleeding on probing/BOP and bone loss/BL) and potential confounders were extracted. Heterogeneity was assessed by I² test. Dichotomous data are expressed as the risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) which were calculated with a fixed effect model.Results: Of the 66 articles, two studies were enrolled and evaluated as high quality, which totally contained 68 participants receiving 222 (OLP vs. non-OLP, 112 vs. 110) implants with 12 to 120-month follow-up time. Proportions of implants with PIDs between OLP and non-OLP groups were as follows: 19.6% (22/112) vs. 22.7% (25/110) for PIM and 17.0% (19/112) vs. 10.9% (12/110) for PI. The meta-analysis revealed no recognizable difference in number of implants with PIDs (PI: RR = 1.49, 95% CI 0.77-2.90, P = 0.24; PIM:RR = 0.88, 95% CI 0.53 -1.46, P = 0.61; PIDs: RR = 1.08, 95% CI 0.75 -1.55, P = 0.68) or BOP (RR = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.70-1.15, P = 0.40) between OLP and non-OLP groups.Conclusions: Available articles regarding the effects of OLP on PIDs remains very limited. Existing evidence does not support OLP as a suspected risk factor for PIDs. Large-scale prospective trials are required to validate the findings.
Feasibility and impact of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy after renal transplantation on comorbidities, graft function and quality of life.
Authors: Alenazi Naif , Ahmad Khaled S , Elsamahy Ilham A , Essa Mohamed S 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: The aim of this study is to clarify the feasibility and effect of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) on comorbidities, graft function and quality of life in patients who underwent renal transplantation (RT) Methods: This is a retrospective review of 5 patients who underwent LSG after RT. Demographic data, anthropometric parameters, the effect on comorbidities, postoperative course, immunosuppressive medications, causes of RT, renal function, the survival of graft, and quality of life after SG in obese patients with a history of RT were assessed using BAROS–Moorhead–Ardelt survey Results From September 2015 to September 2019, 5 renal transplant patients underwent LSG; 60% were female, and 40 were male. Median body mass index (BMI) decreased from 42.17 kg/m2 (range 36–55) before surgery to 28.16 kg/m2 (range 25–42) after surgery. Improvement in blood pressure, triglyceride, and cholesterol levels was observed, and all cases were able to decrease their medications. Insulin was stopped and replaced with linagliptin in all diabetic patients. Graft function improved, and proteinuria level decreased in all cases (100%). All patients reported to have an excellent quality of life.Conclusion: LSG showed excellent outcomes in this high-risk group of patients regarding comorbidities, graft function and quality of life
Risk factors for one-year all-cause mortality in elderly multimorbid medical in-patients.
Authors: Wang-Hansen Marte Sofie , Kersten Hege , Wyller Torgeir Bruun 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Due to expansion of longevity, the proportion of elderly people with multimorbidity is increasing. Our aim was to identify risk factors for all-cause mortality in elderly multimorbid medical in-patients one year after acute hospitalization. Information regarding risk factors is important to support targeted care plans after discharge. Methods: Prospective cohort study of patients acutely admitted to a medical department in a Norwegian regional hospital. Eligible patients were community-dwelling, received home care services before hospitalization, were aged 75+, and suffered from two or more chronic conditions. Inclusion period was 1. April – 31. October 2012. Candidate variables were number of daily prescribed drugs, Cumulative Illness Rating Scale for Geriatrics score, delirium, body mass index (BMI), handgrip strength, Barthel Activities of Daily Living Index score, and the laboratory analyses haemoglobin (Hgb), sodium (Na) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Results: We included 227 patients; mean age 86 years, 59% women, 71% lived alone. During the year after hospitalization, 39% died. In the adjusted cox proportional hazards regression analysis, significant and independent risk factors were BMI (hazard ratio (HR) 0.93, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.88-0.98 per kg/m2), Hgb (HR 0.87, 95% CI 0.76-0.98 per g/100 mL), Na (HR 0.94, 95% CI 0.90-0.99 per mmol/L) and eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 (HR 1.82, 95% CI 1.07-3.08).Conclusions: In this cohort of multimorbid elderly internal medicine patients, low body mass, hyponatremia, impaired renal function and anaemia were identified as independent and significant risk factors for one-year mortality.
Changes in Prenatal Depression and Anxiety Levels in Low Risk Pregnancy Among Iranian Women: A Prospective Study
Authors: Kazemi Ashraf , Dadkhah Aazam 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background There is limited information on the changes in uncomplicated pregnancies. Therefore, in the present study, the changes of depression and anxiety changes in uncomplicated pregnancies during the prenatal period was evaluated.Method This longitudinal study was performed on 256 pregnant women at the beginning of the first trimester of pregnancy. Inclusion criteria included the absence of pre-pregnancy depression and anxiety and poor pregnancy history. Exclusion criteria were the incidence of pregnancy complications. The level of their depression and anxiety at the time of entering the study were completed by self-report using the DASS questionnaire at 9–10, 11–12, 24–25, and 33–35 weeks of pregnancy.Results The results of the study indicated the effect of time on the level of perinatal depression and anxiety (p < 0.001). These findings showed that the level of depression increased significantly from 9 to 24 weeks of pregnancy and decreased in the 32–34 weeks, but did not reach the level of depression at 9 weeks of pregnancy. Also, the anxiety level increased significantly from the onset of pregnancy to the 24 weeks gestation but did not change during the second and third trimesters. The findings of the study showed that depression and anxiety levels in each of the pregnancy termites were related to its level in the previous trimesters.Conclusion The results of the study showed that the level of depression and anxiety of women in uncomplicated pregnancies also increases. Therefore, psychological health screenings in the second trimester of pregnancy should be performed in these women.
The role of the Oncostatin M/ OSM receptor β axis in activating dermal microvascular endothelial cells in Systemic Sclerosis
Authors: Marden Grace , Wan Qianqian , Wilks James , Nevin Katherine , Feeney Maria , Wisniacki Nicolas , Trojanowski Marcin , Bujor Andreea , Stawski Lukasz , Trojanowska Maria 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
Scleroderma (SSc) is a rare autoimmune disease characterized by vascular impairment and progressive fibrosis of the skin and other organs. Oncostatin M, a member of the IL-6 family, is elevated in SSc serum and was recognized as a significant player in various stages of fibrosis. The goal of this study was to assess the contribution of the OSM/OSMRβ pathway to endothelial cell (EC) injury and activation in SSc.
Methods
IHC and IF were used to assess the distribution of OSM and OSMRβ in SSc (n = 14) and healthy control (n = 7) skin biopsies. Cell culture experiments were performed in human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HDMECs) and included mRNA and protein analysis, and cell migration and proliferation assays. Ex vivo skin organoid culture was used to evaluate the effect of OSM on perivascular fibrosis.
Results
OSMRβ protein was elevated in dermal ECs and in fibroblasts of SSc patients. Treatments of HDMECs with OSM or IL-6 + sIL-6R have demonstrated that both cytokines similarly stimulated proinflammatory genes and genes related to endothelial-to mesenchymal transition ((EndMT). OSM was more effective than IL-6 + sIL-6R in inducing cell migration, while both treatments similarly induced cell proliferation. The effects of OSM were mediated via OSMRβ and STAT3, while the LIFR did not contribute to these responses. Both, OSM and IL-6 + sIL-6R induced profibrotic gene expression in HDMECs, as well as expansion of the perivascular PDGFRβ+ cells in the ex vivo human skin culture system. Additional studies in HDMECs showed that siRNA-mediated downregulation of FLI1 and its close homolog ERG resulted in increased expression of OSMRβ in HDMECs.
Conclusions
This work provides new insights into the role of the OSM/OSMRβ axis in activation/injury of dermal ECs and supports the involvement of this pathway in SSc vascular disease.
Guidelines for physical activity and screen-time in the outside school hours childcare setting: a scoping review.
Authors: Virgara Rosa , Lewis Lucy K , Phillips Anna , Richardson Mandy , Maher Carol A 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background:
Globally millions of children attend outside school hours care. Children’s activity in this setting is critical to meeting daily physical activity recommendations. Guidelines are evidence-based statements intended to optimise practice. This study aimed to identify guidelines for physical activity and screen time for use in outside school hours care.
Methods:
Guidelines were identified by systematically searching Medline, Emcare, Embase, Scopus, ERIC, Sportsdiscus, TROVE, ProQuest, UpToDate, NICE, SIGN and Google in accordance with PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Results were screened independently by two reviewers and data synthesized narratively.
Results:
Nine guideline documents were identified from grey literature only (n = 8 USA, n = 1 Canada). The guidelines focused predominantly on the after school care period (n = 9 vs n = 1 for the before-school period). All had recommendations for physical activity, whilst 7 also had screen time recommendations. The guidelines varied considerably in their physical activity and screen time recommendations, though taken together, they recommended > 30–60 minutes of MVPA and < 60 minutes of recreational screen time per session. All guidelines were developed by expert/stakeholder panels, but none followed rigorous guideline development methods.
Conclusions:
Limited published guidelines for physical activity and screen-time in outside school care exist. Guidelines designed with rigorous tools and for other world regions are warranted.
Human pegivirus (HPgV, GBV-C) RNA prevalence, genome characterization and association with HIV coinfection among volunteer blood donors from a public hemotherapy service in Northern Brazil.
Authors: Silva Aniel , Silva Clayton , Barata Rafael , Silva Pedro , Monteiro Patrícia , Lamarão Letícia , Burbano Rommel , Nunes Márcio , Lima Patrícia 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
BackgroundHuman pegivirus (HPgV) - formerly known as GBV-C - is a member of the Flaviviridae family and belongs to the species Pegivirus C. It is a non-pathogenic virus and is transmitted among humans mainly through the exposure to contaminated blood and is often associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of HPgV viremia, its association with HIV and clinical epidemiological factors, as well as the full-length sequencing and genome characterization of HPgV recovered from blood donors of the HEMOPA Foundation in Belém-PA-BrazilMethodsPlasma samples were obtained from 459 donors, tested for the presence of HPgV RNA by the RT-qPCR. From these, a total of 26 RT-qPCR positive samples were submitted to the NGS sequencing approach in order to obtain the full genome+. Genome characterization and phylogenetic analysis were conducted.ResultsThe prevalence of HPgV was 12.42%. We observed the highest prevalences among donors aged between 18 to 30 years old (16.5%), with brown skin color (13.2%) and men (15.8%). The newly diagnosed HIV-1 prevalence was 26.67%. The genotype 2 (2A and 2B) was identified. No data on viral load value was found to corroborate the protective effect of HPgV on HIV evolution.ConclusionsThis study provided information regarding the HPgV infection among blood donors from HEMOPA Foundation. Furthermore, we genetically characterized the HPgV circulating strains and described by the first time the genotype 2 genomes in the Brazilian Amazon region.
Association between atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases risk and renal outcome in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Ren Honghong , Zhao Lijun , Zou Yutong , Wang Yiting , Zhang Junlin , Wu Yucheng , Zhang Rui , Wang Tingli , Wang Jiali , Zhu Yitao , Guo Ruikun , Xu Huan , Li Lin , Cooper Mark E. , Liu Fang 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and diabetes mellitus increase atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD) risk. However, the association between renal outcome of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and ASCVD risk is unclear.
Methods
This retrospective study enrolled 218 adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and biopsy-proven DKD, and without known cardiovascular diseases. These patients were followed up at least 1 year. Baseline characteristics were obtained and the 10-year ASCVD risk score was calculated using the Pooled Cohort Equation (PCE). Renal outcome was defined as progression to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The association between ASCVD risk and renal function and outcome was further analyzed with logistic regression and Cox proportional hazard analysis.
Results
Among all patients, the median 10-year ASCVD risk score was 14.1%. The median of ASCVD risk score in CKD stage 1, 2, 3, and 4 was 10.9%, 12.3%, 16.5%, and 14.8%, respectively (P = 0.268). Compared with patients with lower ASCVD risk(༜14.1%), those with higher ASCVD risk had lower eGFR, higher systolic blood pressure, and more severe renal interstitial inflammation. High ASCVD risk(> 14.1%) was an independent indicator of renal dysfunction in multivariable-adjusted logistic analysis(odds ratio [OR], 3.997; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.385–11.530;P = 0.010). However, univariate and multivariate COX proportional hazard analysis showed the 10-year ASCVD risk score failed to be an independent risk factor for ESRD in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Conclusions
PCE can estimate ASCVD risk in patients with DKD, and DKD patients even in CKD stage 1 had comparable ASCVD risk score to patients in CKD stage 2, 3, and 4. Higher ASCVD risk indicated severe renal insufficiency, while no prognostic value of ASVCD risk for renal outcome was observed, which implied macroangiopathy and microangiopathy in patients with DKD were related, but relatively independent.
A novel risk stratification for predicting prognosis of colorectal cancer patients with bone metastasis
Authors: Ma Chenxi , Guan Xu , Quan Jichuan , Zhao Zhixun , Chen Haipeng , Huang Haiyang , Wei Ran , Liu Zheng , Jiang Zheng , Wang Xishan 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Backgroud: Our understanding in prognosis of bone metastasis (BM) from colorectal cancer (CRC) is limited. We aimed to establish a clinical risk stratification for individually predicting the survival of CRC patients with BM.Methods: A total of 200 CRC patients with BM were included in this study. Survival time from BM diagnosis was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. The multivariable COX regression model identified the risk factors on cancer specific survival (CSS). Based on weighted scoring system, the stratification model was constructed to classify patients with BM according to prognostic risk. Discrimination power and calibration ability of risk stratification were measured.Results: The median CSS time was 11 months after BM diagnosis. Lymph node metastasis, CA199 levels, bone involvement, KPS scores, primary tumor resection, bisphosphonates therapy and radiotherapy were identified as predictors of CSS. Four risk groups were stratified according to weighted scoring system, including low risk, medium risk, medium-high risk and high risk group, with 35, 16, 9 and 5 months of median CSS, respectively (P = 0.000). The risk stratification displayed good accuracy in predicting CSS, with acceptable discrimination and calibration.Conclusion: This novel risk stratification predicts CSS in CRC patient with BM using easily accessible clinicopathologic factors, which is recommended for use in individualized clinical decision making in patient with BM.
Integrative analysis of exosomal microRNA-149-5p in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Tian Wen , Yang He , Zhou Baosen 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background Exosomes play an important role in the regulation of various processes in the tumor microenvironment. In this study, we explored the mechanisms of exosomal miR-149-5p in the pathogenesis of lung adenocarcinoma. Methods Raw GEO data were downloaded and normalized using the R package. Exosomal miRNAs that were found to be significantly expressed were subjected to WGCNA co-expression network analysis. The proliferation, migration and apoptotic abilities of tumor cells were assessed by the MTS, Transwell and apoptosis assays. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify the independent factors of target genes. Results Results showed that exosomal miR-149-5p was enriched in peripheral serum and tumor cells. The upregulation of exosomal miR-149-5p promoted the growth and migration of tumor cells, and inhibited apoptosis of tumor cells. Notably, target genes of exosomal miR-149-5p, AMOTL2 and MSRB3, were significantly downregulated in lung adenocarcinoma and thus may be considered as independent risk factors of poor survival. In TCGA-LUAD cohort, miR-149-5p was found to be a negative regulator of AMOTL2 and MSRB3 genes.Conclusion Collectively, these results provide novel insights for further mechanistic studies on lung adenocarcinoma.
Nurse Practitioners’ Job Satisfaction and Associated Factors among Nurses working at the University of Gondar Specialized Hospital: A Cross-sectional Survey study
Authors: Azagew Abere Woretaw , Mekonnen Chilot 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background Job satisfaction is an important measure of cognitive as well as a behavioral component of employees’ feelings of comfort in their particular work. It is also the outlook and spirit of certain professionals towards their work. Nurses’ job satisfaction is a significant predictor of staff retention. Therefore, this study aimed to assess Nurse Practitioners’ Job Satisfaction and Associated Factors among Nurses Working at the University of Gondar Specialized Hospital Northwest Ethiopia.Methods A cross-sectional study design was employed from May 15–20/2019. A total of 416 nurses participated in the study. A simple random sampling technique was used to select each study participant. A pretested structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. A Minnesota satisfaction measurement tool was used to measure nurse practitioners’ job satisfaction. A binary logistic regression analysis was used. Variables having p-value < 0.05 in a multivariable analysis model were considered as statistically significant and independently associated with the outcome variable.Result A total of 416 study participants were used in the study with a response rate of 97.6%. In this study, 204(50.2%) of nurse practitioners were dissatisfied with their job. Motivational factors such as professional advancement (AOR = 2.737, 95% CI; 1.109, 6.751), work itself (AOR = 4.250, 95%CI; 1.645, 10.983), recognition at work (AOR = 11.869, 95% CI; 4.238, 33.241), growth at work (AOR = 6.272, 95% CI; 2.278,17.264), and hygienic factors; organizational policy (AOR = 5.623, 95% CI; 2.131, 14.836), relationship with friends (AOR = 6.112,95% CI; 2.393, 15.612), work-security (AOR = 6.562, 95% CI; 95% CI; 2.374,18.136), relationship with supervisor(AOR = 5.127, 95% CI; 1.796, 14.641), payment (AOR = 5.889, 95% CI; 1.989, 17.438), and working conditions AOR = 3.806, 95% CI; 1.195, 12.123) were the factors associated with nurses’ job dissatisfactionConclusions In this study, one of every two nurses experienced job dissatisfaction. Motivational factors such as professional advancement, work itself, recognition at work, growth at work, organizational policy, relationship with friends, work security, relationship with supervisor, payment, and working conditions were the factors associated with nurses’ job dissatisfaction.