bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect Oil Palm Fronds Fermented With Prolinas to Milk Production of Dairy Cattle
Authors: Mardalena M , Syarif S , Zubaidah Z 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Palm oil frond is one of the plantation waste that can be used as animal feed especially in the dry season when green forage became rare. In 1 Ha of plantation land, around 20.000 kg of fresh palm oil frond can be obtained each year. The study aimed to determine the fermentation process between oil palm fronds with prolinas (OPFP) as substitution of corn straw in dairy cattle rations and to see how it affect to milk production of PFH dairy cows. This study used 4 of fourth lactation PFH dairy cattle. The experiments used a latin square design with 4 treatments and 4 repetition. The treatment consisted of P0: forage 55% + 45% concentrate (control), P1: forage 55% (90% corn straw + OPFP 10%) + 45% concentrate, P2: forage 55% (80% corn straw + OPFP 20% ) + 45% Concentrate, P3: Forage 55% (60% corn straw + OPFP 40%) + 45% concentrate. The parameters measured were feed consumption, feed efficiency, milk production and 4% FCM milk production. Data were analyzed by SAS programe. The Differences between treatments were analyzed using Duncan Multiple Range Test.The results showed that corn straw substitution treatment with fermentation of oil palm fronds with prolinas has no effect (P> 0.05) to feed efficiency and 4% FCM milk production but decreasing (P <0.05) the feed consumption and and milk production. The conclusions of this research that the substitution of fermentation of oil palm fronds with prolinas decreased milk production of dairy cattle.
Evaluation of ecosystem quality, comfort, and services of eco-friendly residences in Lowokwaru District, Malang
Authors: Rizkiaditama Dian , Siswanto D , Arisoesilaningsih E 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This research aimed to evaluate the quality of residential ecosystem at Lowokwaru District, Malang. The research was conducted in five different densities residences namely BCT (Bukit Cemara Tujuh), BHPH (Bukit Hijau & Permata Hijau), BP (Bumi Palapa), GJM (Graha Jati Mulya, and PJ (Permata Jingga) and a traditional residence TW (Tunggul Wulung) as a reference, using a purposive sampling method. In each sampling sites, we observed the quality of vegetation of Green Open Space (GOS), microclimate, geography, comfortable index, and ecosystem services. Data were analysed by PCA and clustered by using PAST 3.0 software. The results showed GOS coverage in all locations met the government standard of Malang City and showed similar performance in comfort, although each residence having varied GOS distribution. House density affected the GOS coverage dominating by non-native trees with C and D stratification. Furthermore, GOS vegetation in BP effectively reduced dust deposition, noise and attracted wild bird visitors such as Pycononotus aurigaster. Besides BP, PJ and GJM became potential eco-friendly residences by planting more native trees species.
The physicochemical properties comparison of the natural coconut water and the packaging coconut water
Authors: Ekasari Christyanita P , Widyarti Sri 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe coconut water is a healthy beverage that can be used as a solvent in which a heating process can increase the solubility of the solution The nature of coconut water easily changes in the open air. Therefore, a natural coconut water is processed into packaging coconut water. But, the packaging coconut water often contains many additional ingredients which can change the taste and nutrition of coconut water. The aim of this research was to compare the physicochemical properties between a natural coconut water (NCW) and packaging coconut water (PCW). The samples consisted of 4 groups: (1) unheating-NCW (uh-NCW), (2) heating-NCW (h-NCW), (3) unheating-PCW (uh-PCW), and (4) heating-PCW (h-PCW). The physicochemical properties were analyzed based on the UV-Vis spectrum λ 190-790 nm, pH, turbidity, and conductivity. The NCW and PCW respectively had specific wavelengths at 229, 262 nm and 286, 296 nm. PCW had a more absorbancy than an NCW. Heating did not affect the physicochemical properties of an NCW as well as PCW. PCW had higher turbidity than NCW. The high absorbancy and turbidity in PCW were caused by the additional ingredients. All samples had pH which ranges from 5, 42 -5, 49, turbidity 19, 48 – 69, 63 NTU, and conductivity 15, 48 -19, 88 mS.
Evaluation of Yeast Diversity in Dadih and Dangke Using PCR-RFLP of Internal Transcribed Spacer Region
Authors: Jatmiko Y D , Howarth G S , Barton M D 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The dominant indigenous microbes, such as lactic acid bacteria group, mainly determine the quality of naturally fermented milk products. Yeasts have also contributed to the fermentation development, especially in determining the organoleptic or physicochemical characteristics of the products. This study was aimed to evaluate the diversity of yeasts in the naturally fermented milk products from Indonesia, which were dadih and dangke by using PCR-RFLP of ITS region. Two dadih samples used with one sample were collected in three consecutive days. Dangke samples consisted of three made from buffalo milk (sample A-C), and sample D was from cow’s milk. The isolated yeasts were further characterized genotypically using RFLP analysis of the ITS region. The representative isolates of each cluster as a result of the restriction pattern obtained with HinfI and HaeIII enzymes were further identified. A total of 37 yeast isolates (17 isolates from dadih and 22 isolates from dangke) were grouped into three clusters based on the band pattern of RFLP analysis. Based on DNA sequencing analysis, the three species were identified as Saccharomyces cerevisiae (group I), Candida metapsilosis (group II) and Kluyveromyces marxianus (group III). Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Kluyveromyces marxianus were found in both dadih and dangke samples. Unfortunately, yeasts were not detected in dangke samples A and C. Candida metapsilosis was found frequently in dadih, while Saccharomyces cerevisiae was the dominant species in dangke. Further investigations are needed to shed light on microbial dynamics since the changes in the abundance and type of microbiota during the fermentation process play a pivotal role in the quality of the final products.
Screening of Keratinolytic Fungi for Biodegradation Agent of Keratin from Chicken Feather Waste
Authors: Sutoyo  , Subandi  , Ardyati Tri , Suharjono  
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Chicken feathers waste are an abundant source of keratin protein. However, keratin contained in chicken feather waste is difficult to degrade so that its utilization becomes limited. Environmentally friendly degradation efforts require keratin proteases in addition to common proteases. Therefore, microorganisms that effectively degrade keratin are needed to recycle the waste. This study aims to isolate and screen fungi that was capable of degrading chicken feather keratin. Isolate with the highest degradation activity index for hydrolyzing chicken feather flour and common protein substrate was selected as an agent for chicken feather keratin biodegradation. The identification was carried out phenotypically and molecularly with phylogenetic analysis of the region gene sequences. The results of the study found Talaromyces sayulitensis GF11 as a candidate for chicken feather keratin biodegradation agent. It is a new strain of keratinolytic fungi which was first published.
The effect of Moringa oleifera Lam leaf extract fermented by Lactobacillus plantarum on the expression of B220+ and CD11b+ cells in mice infected with Salmonella typhi
Authors: Riyaniarti Estri Wuryandari MM , Widodo  , Widjajanto E , Rifa’i M 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Defense against pathogens is essential for survival and it is controlled by innate and adaptive immunity. Phagocytosis is a complex mechanism that involved the activation of macrophages and its cytokines, stimulated T cells, then activation of B cells. Moringa oleifera plants are thought to have immunostimulatory properties due to its complex nutrients and phenolic acids and flavonoids contents as phytochemicals. Lactobacillus plantarum is able to produce lactic acid as the final product to reform carbohydrates, hydrogen peroxide, and bacteriocin as antimicrobial substances, which lead to inhibit pathogenic bacteria. This experiment aims to evaluate the CD11b+ and B220+ population after Salmonella typhi infection with/without administration of M.oleifera leaves extract. Salmonella typhi was labeled with carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester (CFSE) to determine phagocytosis activity. This experiment used was a complete randomized factorial pattern design. Mice were divided into two groups, namely the without treatment group and treatment group mice (fermented red M. oleifera leaves extract dose 84 mg/kg BW) and infected by Salmonella typhi. Data analysis was confirmed with the one-way ANOVA test followed by Tukey test (p<0.05). The results showed that fermented red M. oleifera leaves extract can increase the number of CD11b+and B220+ cells at the time of 2 hours and 4 hours.
The effectiveness of UPA system to boost the bioinformatics learning process in limited time for pharmacy students at University of Surabaya, Indonesia
Authors: Gondokesumo ME , Antonius Y , Yunita O 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Bioinformatics is one of essential fields widely applied to various studies, especially in the exploration studies of the herbal medicine in drugs discovery. However, bioinformatics course at the Faculty of Pharmacy University of Surabaya still needs to be improved. This research aims to develop the efficient teaching system to optimize the bioinformatics course within limited time. The developed learning system: Understanding, Practicing, and Applying (UPA) system, was conducted. This study involved 95 pharmacist students which were given questionnaire I (before the class) and questionnaire II (after the class) to measure the success rate of learning process. UPA system was implemented by instructor through the explanation about basic concept, the guidance for practice, and the demonstration in research. Result showed that 72% student was lacked of knowledge about the bioinformatics in the beginning but they have a strong willingness to learn. It proved by high interest in bioinformatics (78%) and herbal exploration (72%), respectively. In the end, the interest rate of student to bioinformatics was 96%. It was in line with the understanding of the tools usage ratein advance research. UPA system was successfully boosting the interest and skill of student in bioinformatics, as well as the awareness of herbal conservation.
Utilization of Coconut Milk and Cane Sugar to Grow Indigenous Entomopathogenic Bacillus thuringiensis for Controlling Aedesaegypti Larvae
Authors: Fajar Suryadi Bambang , Safira K E , Hidayati E , Fathurrahman  , Sarkono  
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Bacillus thuringiensis is bacteria utilised to control Aedes aegypti larvae for many years. However, there is no B. thuringiensis commercial products are commercially available in Indonesia. Therefore, development of B. thuringiensis-based biolarvicide using indigenous strain and local medium is very important. The aim of the study were to evaluate growth and toxicity of Mataram indigenous Bacillus thuringiensis isolate when grown on coconut milk and cane sugar as natural culture. Mataram indigenous B. thuringiensis isolate (namely Bt-TP2B) was grown in liquid medium consisted of coconut milk and cane sugar in 4 ratios (1:1; 1:3; 1:5 and 1:7) for 7x24 hours. Cell, endospore, and parasporal crystal (toxin protein) concentration were measured every 24 hours for 7x24 hours. Toxicity of the cultures was evaluated against 3rd instar of A. aegypti larvae. This study showed that the highest cell, endospore and toxin protein crystal concentration was shown by B. thuringiensis grown in ratio of 1:7, which were 2.20x107 cell/mL, 2.09x107 endospore/mL and 9.85x106 crystal/mL, repectively. The highest toxicity against 3rd instar A. aegypti larvae was shown by B. thuringiensis grown in ratio of 1:7 which was 90-100% (in 3-day observation). From this study It was concluded that natural medium consisted of coconut milk and cane sugar can be used to grow B. thuringiensis and to stimulate toxicity against 3rd instar of A. aegypti larvae.
Characterization of Peanut Stripe Virus from West Nusa Tenggara
Authors: Julisaniah N I , Suharjono  , Mastuti R , Arumingtyas E L 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Peanut Stripe Virus (PStV) infection on peanut plants causes a reduction in the yield of peanuts. This study was aimed to characterize PStV that infected peanut (Arachis hypogaea) plants in the West Nusa Tenggara province. Peanut plants that showed symptoms of stripes on leaves were collected from West Nusa Tenggara province peanut fields. Stripes symptoms on leaves indicated that the plant was infected with PStV. PStV mechanical inoculation to the healthy Chenopodium amaranticolor plant with sap from PStV infected peanut leaf showed local lesions symptoms on the leaf. Molecular characterization was carried out using RT-PCR with specific primers produced fragments of 1071 nt, consists of NIb, coat protein (CP) gene, and 3’UTR. Based on nucleotide sequences of coat protein gene, PStV from West Nusa Tenggara 98-99 % was similar with others PStV isolated reference in Genbank.
Ethnobotany of Jonggol Plants (Erechtites valerianifolia Wolf.) on Communities in Traditional Markets in Malang City and Detection of Its Chemical Compounds
Authors: Fatmawati P P , Batoro J 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The increasing number of population causes increasing food needs too. The market is one place where food needs are available. One of the plants that has economic value and can be used is jonggol (Erechtites valerianifolia Wolf.). The objective of this study is to determine the morphology, forms of use and chemical compounds found in the jonggol plant. This research was conducted on October 2017 until March 2018. The methods used in this study were preliminary surveys, market area selection, morphological observations, interviews, chemical compound detection, and data analysis. The selection of market areas was carried out in 5 sub-districts of Malang City, with each sub-district selected by one market, they are Sawojajar Market, Sukun Market, Malang Big Market, Blimbing Market, and Dinoyo Market. The results of the study show that jonggol is a herbaceous plant. Jonggol has a taproot type with a hairy and grooved stem surface. The jonggol leaves are obovate, pointed ends, tapered base with a leaf surface with adaxial and abaxial hair. The flowers are cup-shaped compound flowers and they are located at the end of the stem. The petals are modified into pappus. The crown is reddish yellow, the pistil head is brownish red, and the stamens are purple. The fruit type is achene which is brown. Jonggol has a UVs value of 3.0 meaning that it is an important species or priority species, this is due to Jonggol plants often used as vegetables. Chemical compounds found in Jonggol plants are alkaloids, flavonoids, and steroids.
Native and non-native frogs responded differently to modernization at Japanese paddy fields
Authors: Izza Qothrun , Fujita G , Miyashita T 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Rice farming modernizations, especially changes in the irrigation system, have been accused as one of the reasons of frog population decline in Japan. Here, we examined responses of native frog, Daruma pond frog (Pelophylax porosus porosus) and non-native frog, Rice frog (Fejervarya kawamurai) population to the modernization in Japanese paddy field. We tested the following two hypotheses: 1) native frog’s density will be lower in the modernized paddy field, and 2) non-native frog density will not be affected by modernization. After two periods of field studies (2017 and 2018), we found that native frog’s density is indeed lower in modernized paddy fields, and the non-native frog’s density is lower in the non-modernized sites. Presumably, changes of shallow soil ditches to concrete ditches in modernized paddy fields act as a death trap for Daruma pond frog. Ditch depth and the distance from forest also significantly affecting the density of Daruma pond frog. On the other hand, the population of Rice frog did not show any negative response to the modernizations. The non-native frog population remained stable because they may have high fecundity.
Growth and development of young male inflorescences of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) In tissue culture system: The effect of 2, 4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid
Authors: Zulkarnain Z , Kartika E , Lizawati L 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
An effort in developing a standard protocol for rapid clonal propagation of oil palm through somatic embryogenesis was established with the aim to determine the effect of various concentrations of growth regulators on the development of embryogenic callus from immature inflorescences as explants source. Immature male inflorescences were obtained from 4 – 5 years old oil palm planted in Teaching Farm, Faculty of Agriculture University of Jambi. The inflorescences were taken from leaf axils between 8th and 15th leaf from the top (the upper most exposed leaf). Following surface sterilization with 70% alcohol, the inflorescences were cut into segments of approximately 5 mm long, and cultured on solid MS medium supplemented with 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D) at 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70 and 80 ppm respectively. Cultures were kept in culture room with photoperiod of 16 hour per day for 8 weeks. The results indicated that the application of 2, 4-D in culture medium was proven to be crucial in accelerating callus formation as well as increasing the percentage of from young male inflorescence of oil palm forming callus. Among the treatments tested, the application of 70 ppm 2, 4-D was the best concentration in initiating callus formation on young male inflorescence explants of oil palm plants.
The effect of Aerobic and Anaerobic composting methods against water content and the amount of Pathogenic Microorganisms from Sludge treatment plant and organic waste
Authors: Hutagalung Winny Laura C , Rinaldi  
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Jambi City has a Sludge Treatment Plant (IPLT) located in Talang Bakung. IPLT Talang Bakung processes sludge from household septic tanks. The processing consists of 1 anaerobic pond, 3 facultative ponds and 3 maturation ponds. The result of processing at IPLT is water that can be discharged into water bodies and sludge. The sludge still can be used, but it must be processed first. One of the sludge processing is a composting process. The composting process consists of two types, namely the composting process aerobically and anaerobically. This study aimed to compare the results of aerobic and anaerobic composting from IPLT sludge mixed with organic matter. Compost characteristics that are reviewed in this study are physical characteristics, those are water content and biological characteristics, namely pathogenic bacteria. The parameters measured in this study were the temperature, pH and number of Fecal Coliform bacteria at the beginning and end of the study
Exploring the Potential of Green Coffee Extract for Wound Healing Treatment
Authors: Humaryanto  , Ave O R 
Published: December 2019

AbstractRoasted coffee powder is used as wound dressing in Indonesian traditional medicine. Coffee bean have several properties, such as chlorogenic acid, that can facilitate the wound healing. Green coffee has a higher chlorogenic acid. This study is to exploring the effect of green coffee beans extract for wound healing in rats. Extraction of green Robusta coffee used ethanol 70% with ratio 1:3 and dried by rotary evaporation. There were 6 male rats in each group. The incission wound were held in back with diameter size 1, 5 centimeter under lidocaine anesthetic. Treatment group were given extract every day d for 15 days. Control group were not given treatment. Animal were sacrificed at day 16th for histophalology assessment of fibroblast and collagen using hematoxylin eosin stain. Percentage of complete wound closuring on day 16 in treatment group was 83%, whereas control group were only 66%. There were not significant different in fibroblast and collagen scoring between two groups (p> 0, 05). Green coffee extract can accelerate wound healing.
Strengthening Group: Entrepreneurship Reorientation Toward Development of Liberica Coffee
Authors: Duaja M D , Simatupang J , Kartika E 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The district of Betara is one of independent transmigration district area in Province of Jambi. People used peat land for cultivated several agricultural commodities that considered to be suitable with the land coffee, areca nut and oil palm. Coffee is one of the commodities that has got indigenous certificate. Local government establishes Liberica coffee as potential commodity that is expected to be grown and enlarged by local people to be their own business. Until 2018, it was found that several parties involved in strengthening practices on Liberica farmers were feared to have an impact on the group’s bias because it created increasingly high dependency. In fact, every intervention carried out should built the beneficiaries” entrepreneurial who can empower and develop the group itself in the future. Thus, beneficiaries will be able to become leverage to other farmers to develop their coffee farming. This report is based on experience and depth interview on accompanying Liberica farmer that focus on entrepreneurial issues from 2017 to 2018. Hence report and finding is present on more qualitative techniques
Character selection by path and principal analysis for enhanced seed size and yield in local castor bean (Ricinus communis L.)
Authors: Waluyo Budi , Shandila Puji , Ulima Zanetta Chindy , Saptadi Darmawan , Rahmi Ardiarini Noer , Kuswanto  
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Castor bean (Ricinus communis L.) is a commercial plant that widely uses in industry and manufacture. The aim of this study is to study the selection of seed size characteristics to increase yields and determine accessions that have a high yield. Twenty-two local castor accessions with two replications were conducted at Malang in 2017. Path analysis was done on 21 characters. The result showed that the seed diameter had a high positive direct effect on seed volume. The character that had a high direct effect on seed weight per plant is weight of inflorescence per plant. Seed diameter had a high positive direct effect on 100-seed weight. In order to identify the patterns of morphological variation, PCA was conducted. In this study, the three first components (PC1, PC2, and PC3) were contributed to 86.42% of the total variation. PC1 was strongly correlated with capsule length, capsule diameter, seed length, seed width, seed thickness, seed diameter, inflorescence length, and seed volume. PC2 varied as a measure of the days to flowering, days to harvesting, plant height, length of main stem, node number in main stem, cluster number. PC3 showed varied as inflorescence weight per plant, seed number per plant, inflorescence number per plant, capsule number per plant, seed weight per plant. The dendrograms obtained using the agglomerative hierarchical clustering generated three main clusters. The accessions that had higher sum of ranking in each cluster in each seed character contributed in first principal component were ASB60, ASB81, ASB22, LMG0216U1, SUKO0316, SUKO0216, LMG0516, TBN0316, TBN0816, LMG0216U2, and TBN1016.