bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Haemodynamic effects of hyperventilation on healthy men with different levels of autonomic tone
Authors: Zavhorodnia V. A. , Androshchuk O. I. , Kharchenko T. H. , Kudii L. I. , Kovalenko S. O. 
Published: May 2020

The topicality of the research is stipulated by insufficient study of the correlation between the functional state of the cardiorespiratory system and autonomic tone. The goal of the research was to analyze the changes of central haemodynamics with 10-minute regulated breathing at the rate of 30 cycles per minute and within 40 minutes of recovery after the test in healthy young men with different levels of autonomic tone. Records of the chest rheoplethysmogram were recorded on a rheograph KhAI-medica standard (KhAI-medica, Kharkiv, Ukraine), a capnogram - in a lateral flow on a infrared capnograph (Datex, Finland), and the duration of R-R intervals was determined by a Polar WIND Link in the program of Polar Protrainer 5.0 (Polar Electro OY, Finland). Systolic and diastolic blood pressure were measured by Korotkov’s auscultatory method by mercury tonometer (Riester, Germany). The indicator of the normalized power of the spectrum in the range of 0.15–0.40 Hz was evaluated by 5-minute records; three groups of persons were distinguished according to its distribution at rest by the method of signal deviation, namely, sympathicotonic, normotonic and parasympathicotonic. The initial level of autonomic tone was found to impact the dynamics of СО2 level in alveolar air during hyperventilation and during recovery thereafter. Thus, PetCО2 was higher (41.3 mm Hg) in parasympathicotonic than in sympathicotonic (39.3 mm Hg) and normotonic (39.5 mm Hg) persons. During the test, R-R interval duration decreased being more expressed in normotonic persons. At the same time, the heart index was found to increase in three groups, and general peripheral resistance – to decrease mostly in normo- and parasympathicotonic persons. In addition, the reliable increase of stroke index and heart index was found in these groups. In the recovery period after hyperventilation, the decrease of tension index and ejection speed was found in normo- and, particularly, parasympathicotonic compared with sympathicotonic men and the increase of tension phase and ejection phase duration.
Líquenes epífitos en Juniperus flaccida (Cupressaceae) – componente importante de los bosques templados de Oaxaca, México.
Authors: León González Daniela , Pérez Pérez Rosa Emilia 
Published: May 2020

Se presenta el estudio de la comunidad de líquenes epífitos de Juniperus flaccida, especie endémica de México. Se aplica la regla de Sturges para agrupar y ordenar los valores del diámetro altura pecho (DAP). Se comparan los grupos de DAP con la riqueza liquénica aplicando la prueba de Mann-Whitney U-test, los resultados no mostraron diferencias significativas. Se utilizó la composición de especies para clasificar a los grupos de DAP con el análisis de conglomerados de doble vía. Se determinó la diversidad alfa, beta y gamma. Se registran 39 especies de hongos liquenizados alrededor de J. flacciday 65 líquenes epífitos; de estos, 59 fueron nuevos registros asociados a J. flaccida. Se reportan cinco nuevos registros para Oaxaca (Caloplaca ferruginea, Dermatocarpon americanum, Lecanora albella, Lecanora helvay Ochrolechia mexicana) y tres nuevos registros para México (Diploschistes scruposus, Traponora variansy Chaenothecatrichialis).
Aws S3 como mecanismo de recuperación ante desastres tecnológicos en pymes
Authors: Molina Yohel Rene Serrano 
Published: May 2020

Las empresas almacenan cada vez más información en sus sistemas sin ser plenamente conscientes de su valor y la facilidad con la que pueden perderla. Desde el daño físico de sus servidores, discos duros y medios de almacenamiento, como otros factores como las inundaciones o sobrecargas eléctricas, pasando por ataques informáticos, secuestro de archivos o infecciones de virus, simples caídas o borrado accidental o intencionado de datos, son muchas las causas de la pérdida de información por parte de las pymes. Dentro de los impactos que tendría una pymes ante un desastre tecnológico esta Impacto directo en los beneficios y en el futuro del negocio, en la reputación de la marca, Problemas legales con las normativas de protección de datos, Costes directos elevados, Falta de disponibilidad y accesibilidad a los datos. Este artículo presenta una visión general de los conceptos más importantes de la Computación en la nube mostrando las potencialidades que tiene el servicio de almacenamiento a bajo costo de Amazon S3, se realiza una comparativo entre una implementación tradicional On premise y el servicio de almacenamiento S3 a nivel de seguridad, Disponibilidad y Costos, posteriormente finaliza con el análisis de una caso estudio utilizando el modelo financiero de Coste Total de Propiedad (TCO), como herramienta para toma decisiones en proyectos de tecnología y proporcionó como resultado un claro beneficio económico al optar por el servicio almacenamiento en la nube de AWS S3.
Pax2 and Pax8 Proteins Regulate Urea Transporters and Aquaporins to Control Urine Concentration in the Adult Kidney
Authors: Laszczyk Ann M. , Higashi Atsuko Y. , Patel Sanjeevkumar R. , Johnson Craig N. , Soofi Abdul , Abraham Saji , Dressler Gregory R. 
Published: May 2020

Significance Statement
Pax2 plays an essential role in kidney development, and although subsets of epithelial cells in the adult kidney continue to express Pax2 and the related Pax8 protein, their function in adult kidneys has not been defined. The authors examined phenotypes and altered gene expression patterns in adult mice lacking Pax2, Pax8, or both, showing that Pax2 and Pax8 regulate multiple transmembrane ion and water channels in the adult renal medulla, including aquaporins and urea transporters. Inner medullary collecting duct cells respond to high-salt levels by upregulating Pax8, leading to increased activation of such transporters through specific methylation of histones, defining a mechanism for regulating urine concentration. These findings point to a novel and redundant role for Pax proteins in regulating salt and water homeostasis in the adult kidney.

Background
As the glomerular filtrate passes through the nephron and into the renal medulla, electrolytes, water, and urea are reabsorbed through the concerted actions of solute carrier channels and aquaporins at various positions along the nephron and in the outer and inner medulla. Proliferating stem cells expressing the nuclear transcription factor Pax2 give rise to renal epithelial cells. Pax2 expression ends once the epithelial cells differentiate into mature proximal and distal tubules, whereas expression of the related Pax8 protein continues. The collecting tubules and renal medulla are derived from Pax2-positive ureteric bud epithelia that continue to express Pax2 and Pax8 in adult kidneys. Despite the crucial role of Pax2 in renal development, functions for Pax2 or Pax8 in adult renal epithelia have not been established.

Methods
To examine the roles of Pax2 and Pax8 in the adult mouse kidney, we deleted either Pax2, Pax8, or both genes in adult mice and examined the resulting phenotypes and changes in gene expression patterns. We also explored the mechanism of Pax8-mediated activation of potential target genes in inner medullary collecting duct cells.

Results
Mice with induced deletions of both Pax2 and Pax8 exhibit severe polyuria that can be attributed to significant changes in the expression of solute carriers, such as the urea transporters encoded by Slc14a2, as well as aquaporins within the inner and outer medulla. Furthermore, Pax8 expression is induced by high-salt levels in collecting duct cells and activates the Slc14a2 gene by recruiting a histone methyltransferase complex to the promoter.

Conclusions
These data reveal novel functions for Pax proteins in adult renal epithelia that are essential for retaining water and concentrating urine.
EL DEPORTE ESCOLAR EN LAS INSTITUCIONES EDUCATIVAS DE LA CIUDAD DE MONTERÍA
Authors: Llorente Hernandez Edgar Luis , LOPEZ GRANDETT JUNIOR YERE 
Published: May 2020

ResumenEl deporte escolar es un tema poco estudiado en la ciudad de Montería, por lo que se desconoce cómo se desarrolla y si este responde a las normas que lo regulan a nivel nacional. El presente estudio tiene como propósito examinar las características del deporte escolar en 15 instituciones educativas del sector público en el área urbana, incluyo revisión documental de los colegios, entrevistas a docentes y valoración de la infraestructura, materiales y equipamientos deportivos. Mediante un estudio de tipo cualitativo con orientación descriptiva y evaluativa se recopilo y se triangulo la información obtenida de las diferentes fuentes. Los resultados muestran que el deporte escolar desarrollado en las instituciones estudiadas se desarrolla al interior de la clase de Educación Física, los espacios, la infraestructura, los equipamientos y materiales con que cuentan las instituciones son insuficientes con relación a la población estudiantil.
Editorial. La emergencia de los eSports y su configuración como deporte. Una revisión teórica
Authors: Barrera Gómez Julian , Álvarez Restrepo Alejandro 
Published: May 2020

Los eSports son un fenómeno que se ha convertido en un elemento esencial en la cultura juvenil digital de la actualidad, en los últimos años la competición de los mismos ha llevado a conformar torneos, ligas y entes reguladores como federaciones y proyectos de ley en algunos países. Hasta ahora son pocos los acercamientos que se han hecho para estudiar los eSports. Por lo tanto, este trabajo trata de determinar qué características cumplen los eSports en las definiciones y clasificaciones de deportes convencionales, además de permitir crear una definición y clasificación propia para los eSports. Eso podría llevar a establecer un nuevo campo de acción para el área de la educación física y el deporte.
Efectos de los métodos de entrenamiento discontinuo en atletas de combate colombianos
Authors: Agudelo Velásquez Carlos Alberto , Ortiz Uribe Mariluz 
Published: May 2020

El objetivo del presente estudio fue verificar si es posible mejorar el VO2 Máx en el período competitivo de atletas de combate que viven y entrenan en Medellín- Colombia con nivel deportivo nacional o internacional, para cumplir tal objetivo la principal dificultad es tener disponibles atletas y entrenadores que permitan aplicar estímulos adicionales en tal momento de la preparación, precisamente antes de la Competencia Principal, esto se constituye en un logro relevante del estudio, ya que se aplicaron estímulos con dos planes de entrenamiento de la resistencia con métodos discontinuos: intermitente e interválico para verificar el efecto en plena etapa competitiva.
Historia y representación de la guerra en el espacio público valenciano = History and representation of war in the Valencian public spaces
Authors: Zurita Aldeguer Rafael 
Published: May 2020

Resumen: La Guerra de la Independencia española sigue presente en el espacio público de la Comunidad Valenciana. Monumentos, esculturas, pinturas, placas conmemorativas, nombres de calles y plazas, espacios museográficos y recreaciones históricas son una prueba de ello. El objetivo principal de este trabajo es señalar los elementos de la memoria histórica que están visibles en la vida cotidiana de los ciudadanos del siglo XXI y ofrecer una interpretación sobre el significado que se da a estos lugares de la memoria de la guerra. Además, se constata que apenas existe una política para la puesta en valor del patrimonio histórico relacionado con la guerra ni una promoción del turismo cultural sobre esta época histórica.Palabras clave: Historia pública, Guerra de la Independencia, Memoria de la guerra, Conmemoraciones, Turismo cultural.Abstract: The Peninsular War is still present in the public spaces of the Valencian Community. Monuments, sculptures, paintings, commemorative plates, names of streets and squares, museums and re-enactments provide proof of this. The objective of this work is to point out the elements of historical memory that are visible in the everyday life of 21st century citizens, and to offer an interpretation of the meaning given to those places in war memories. Additionally, there is hardly any policy for the enhancement of historical heritage related to the war nor some kind of promotion of cultural tourism on those historical times.Keywords: Public history, Peninsular War, War Memory, Commemorations, Cultural tourism.
Количественная связь интенсивности солнечной радиации и среднесуточной величины насыщения фотосинтеза фитопланктона по свету для глубоководной части Чёрного моря
Authors: Ковалёва И. В. 
Published: May 2020

По данным экспедиционных исследований, проведённых в Чёрном море в 1987–1993 гг., установлена линейная зависимость между плотностью светового потока, достигающего поверхности моря (E0), и началом светового насыщения фотосинтеза фитопланктона (En opt). Для расчётов использованы измерения скорости фотосинтеза фитопланктона, полученные радиоуглеродным методом. Уравнение связи между указанными величинами представлено впервые для Чёрного моря. En opt — среднесуточная, оптимальная величина насыщения фотосинтеза по свету. Параметры кривой фотосинтез — свет, определяемые в короткопериодных экспозициях при постоянном освещении, отличаются от параметров, полученных в длительных опытах в условиях переменного освещения. Это обусловлено разным действием интенсивности и дозы облучения на скорость фотосинтеза фитопланктона. Величины фотосинтетических параметров за определённое время интегрируются в единственное значение, которое является оптимумом за весь наблюдаемый период. В работе проведена аппроксимация интегрированных суточных данных отдельно за сезоны и в целом за 1987–1993 гг. С помощью статистической обработки данных среднесуточных значений интенсивности солнечной радиации, падающей на поверхность моря, тангенса угла наклона кривой фотосинтез — свет и величины максимальной скорости фотосинтеза определена аппроксимация для функциональной зависимости En opt от E0. Уравнение с высокой достоверностью описывает изменение среднесуточной величины светового насыщения фотосинтеза в Чёрном море в различные сезоны года, оно применимо в диапазоне освещённостей от 3 до 75 моль квантов·м−2·сут−1. Эта зависимость включает легко доступный для измерения параметр и может использоваться при анализе физиологических характеристик фитопланктона и расчёте интегральной продуктивности фитопланктона в эвфотическом слое как по спутниковым наблюдениям, так и по экспедиционным данным.
Retention in HIV/AIDS Management Services: is it Really Poor? The Case of Yaounde Central Hospital in Cameroon
Authors: Kouanfack Charles , Bede Fala , Nkfusai Claude Ngwayu , Wepngong Emerson , Venyuy Mbinkar Adeline , Hubert Chombong , Sam Denise Movuh , Cumber Samuel Nambile 
Published: May 2020

Background: After consecutively defaulting on their appointments for three months, many HIV positive patients are often reported to have defaulted on their treatment, become lost to follow-up (LTFU), or no longer in care. We sought to determine if retention in HIV/AIDS care and treatment is really poor.
Methods: Outcomes of patients with missed clinic appointments and reasons for missing appointments were studied. We sampled adult HIV positive patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART) who by clinic had missed their clinic appointments by more than four weeks between 1997 and 2019 at the HIV Care and Treatment Center (CTC) (Day Hospital) of the Yaoundé Central Hospital. We assumed that patients who missed their clinic appointment also missed some doses of their ART medications. Patients considered LTFU and those who had defaulted for two months were traced by telephone calls and home visits. Reasons for ART discontinuation were recorded for those who stopped or interrupted ART.
Results: Of the 1139 patients who were either LTFU or who had defaulted for two months, 247/1139 (22 %) could not be traced. Out of the successfully traced patients, 50 (4%) had died and 798/1139 (70%) were alive and 310/1139 (27%) were on ART of which 35/1139 (3%) had developed informal ways of obtaining ART through clinic personnel. A good number were brought back to and reinitiated on ART after tracking (540/1139 or 47%). Of those known not to be on treatment(ART), 27/1139 (2%) had deliberately stopped ART and 63/1139 (6%) promised to return and took an appointment with CTC pyscho-social workers. Major reasons shared for missing clinic appointments were travel out of city (39%), distance from health facility, and financial cost for getting to health facility.
Conclusion and Global Health Implications: Despite clinic data showing many patients had missed monthly appointments or were LTFU, we saw that a sizeable amount of such patients were actually in care and on ART. The above findings lead to the suggestion that clinic data used in program performance

Copyright © 2020 Kouanfack et al. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Coupled Fluid Flow and Geomechanical Modeling of Seismicity in the Azle Area (North Texas)
Authors: Chen Rongqiang , Xue Xu , Park Jaeyoung , Yao Changqing , Chen Hongquan , Datta-Gupta Akhil , King Michael J. , Hennings Peter , Dommisse Robin 
Published: May 2020

SummaryA series of earthquakes was recorded along a mapped fault system near Azle, Texas, in 2013. To identify the mechanism of seismicity, geologic, production/injection, and seismicity data are gathered to build a detailed simulation model with coupled fluid flow and geomechanics to model fluid injection/production and the potential onset of seismicity. Sensitivity studies for a broad range of reservoir and geomechanical parameters are performed to identify the influential parameters for injection wellhead pressure and earthquake data. A Pareto-based multi-objective history matching is performed using these influential parameters. The calibrated results are used to identify the controlling mechanisms for seismicity in the Azle area, North Texas, and their relationship to hydrocarbon production and fluid injection in the vicinity.Geomechanical interaction has a significant impact on seismicity in the Azle area. Unbalanced loading created by the difference in the net fluid injection and production on different sides of the fault seems to generate accumulation of plastic strain change, likely resulting in the onset of seismicity. Previous studies ignore fluid withdrawal from gas production. Thus, they seem to have significantly underestimated the fluid withdrawal rates, almost by an order of magnitude. The equivalent bottomhole-voidage fluid rate used in this study suggests a drop in history-matched reservoir pore pressure that is consistent with the observed tubinghead pressure trends. Pore pressure increases may not fully explain the seismicity near the Azle area. Instead, geomechanical effects and strain propagation to the basement appear to be the dominant mechanisms. The low fault cohesion and minimum effective horizontal stress obtained from history matching confirm that the faults must be near or at the critically stressed state before the initiation of fluid production/injection. A sensitivity analysis indicates that the minimum effective horizontal stress and fracture gradient play a critical role in the potential risk for seismicity related to fluid injection/production. A streamline flow pattern further shows that there is no fluid movement in the basement formation and the unbalanced loading from different sides of the fault is more likely the controlling mechanism for seismicity.
Gene Expression Pattern of PI3K/AKT Pathway Based on Insulin Resistance and Vitamin D Toward the Understanding of T2DM Pathogenesis
Authors: Khorami Somayeh Alsadat Hosseini , Mutalib Mohd Sokhini Abd , Shiraz Mohammad Feili , Abdullah Joseph Anthony , Rejali Zulida , Ali Razana Mohd , Khaza’ai huzwah 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Insulin-stimulated glucose transport occurs via PI3K/AKT-dependent pathway which results in GLUT4 translocation from intracellular vesicles to plasma membrane and glucose uptake. PTEN, as a phosphatase, is the main antagonist of the PI3K/AKT pathway’s kinases. Present study was performed to investigate underlying mechanism responsible for defects in insulin signaling and the plausible role of vitamin D in pathogenesis of T2DM through the comparison of serum vitamin D and expression of genes involved in insulin signaling in diabetics and non-diabetics.Results RT-PCR was employed to investigate mRNA expression level of IRS1/PI3K/PDK1/AKT2/GLUT4/PTEN in diabetic and non-diabetic participants and serum vitamin D was measured by HPLC. Findings provide evidence that IRS1 expression was preserved while PI3K /AKT2/GLUT4 were expressed significantly lower and PDK1 was expressed significantly higher in diabetics compared to non-diabetics. Albeit there was no significant difference in PTEN expression between groups, it was up-regulated by the years of having diabetes. No significant correlation between serum vitamin D and gene expression of GOIs was observed in either group.Conclusion Since PTEN has been identified as a negative regulator of insulin signaling, it has generated great interest in new therapeutic approaches. This study reveals that insulin resistance is not caused through an alteration in PTEN expression as a primary defect but may be caused by decreased PI3K/AKT2/GLUT4 signalling and dysregulation of feedback loops. Particularly, PTEN expression showed a significant relation with duration of diabetes, suggesting that PTEN may not be the cause of the reduced expression of PI3K/AKT pathway in diabetics while it can be the effect of that. Therefore, the future investigations should be focused on regulators of pathway instead of PTEN. No significant correlation between serum vitamin D and gene expression of GOIs could be due to the non-linearity relationships as insulin signaling is a cascade with amplifying properties.