bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Defining stages of the Industry 4.0 adoption via indicator sets
Authors: Himang Celbert , Ocampo Lanndon , Obiso Jun-Jun , Bongo Miriam , Caballes Shirley Ann , Abellana Dharyll Prince , Deocaris Custer , Ancheta Rosein 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
As Industry 4.0 offers significant productivity improvements, its relevance has grown across various organisations. While it captures the attention of both the industry and the academia, very few efforts have been made to streamline useful indicators across stages of its implementation. Such work facilitates the development of strategies that are appropriate for a specific stage of implementation; therefore, it would be significant to a variety of stakeholders. As a result, this paper aims to establish an indicator system for adopting Industry 4.0 within the context of the three stages of the innovation adoption: (i) pre-adoption, (ii) adoption, and (iii) post-adoption. First, a comprehensive review was performed with a search expanding into the literature on innovation and technology adoption. Second, the resulting indicators were filtered for relevance, redundancy, description, and thorough focus discussions. Finally, they were categorised by their stage of adoption. From 469 innovation adoption indicators found in the literature, this work identified a total of 62 indicators relevant for the Industry 4.0 adoption, in which 11, 14, and 37 of them comprised the three stages, respectively. Case studies from two manufacturing firms in the Philippines were reported to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed indicator system. This work pioneers the establishment of an indicator system for the Industry 4.0 adoption and the classification of such indicators into three stages — pre-adoption, adoption, and post-adoption — which would serve as a framework for decision-makers, practitioners, and stakeholders in planning, strategy development, resource allocation, and performance evaluation of the Industry 4.0 adoption.
The Investment Attractiveness of Regions as One of Entrepreneurship Development Factors
Authors: Sikorska-Wolak Izabella , Zawadka Jan , Krzyżanowska Krystyna 
Published: July 2020

Summary

Subject and purpose of work: The subject of the paper is entrepreneurship development and its determinants, with particular attention to the investment attractiveness of Polish provinces. The purpose of the paper is to identify the level of entrepreneurship development (between 2009 and 2017) and investment attractiveness (between 2009 and 2016) of individual provinces, and to define the correlation between the two features.

Materials and methods: The authors of this paper analysed the literature on the subject and performed desk research using data from reports and studies published by GUS (Statistics Poland), PAPR (Polish Agency for Enterprise Development) and IBnGR (Gdańsk Institute for Market Economics).

Results: In 2017, the number of SMEs* in Poland increased by over 24% in relation to 2009. The results showed a significant inversely proportional correlation between the number of enterprises per 1000 inhabitants and the one-year survival rate for the enterprises. The investment attractiveness of provinces was diverse. The level of investment attractiveness exerted a considerable influence on enterprise development in individual provinces.

Conclusions: The results of the study showed that both the investment attractiveness and entrepreneurship are diverse in individual regions. A significant correlation was found between these two phenomena. Some exceptions to the rule were identified, which can be explained by divergence.
Modern Organization Models as a Means for Realization of Innovative Processes Increasing the Ukrainian Economy Competitiveness
Authors: Popadynets Nazariy , Skrypko Tetyana 
Published: July 2020

Summary

Subject and purpose of work: Ukraine’s dynamics by the competitiveness indicators shows the low macroeconomic status and insufficient innovative business climate, yet it doesn’t contradict the opportunities of economic growth. The research is devoted to adaptation of theoretical and applied organizational models of economy growth on the grounds of innovative entrepreneurship development, activation of public-private partnership and functioning of crowdsourcing virtual configuration of commercial and non-commercial social entities. The major objective of the paper is to examine the evolution of organizational models, to determine the tendencies of organizational renovation of economic system based on scientific and technological progress and to outline the directions of improving the efficiency of organizational-institutional transformations in Ukrainian economy.

Materials and methods: The research is based on universal methods of formal logic and scientific abstraction, basics of innovation science, investment science and institutional economics, systemic, structural-functional and synergetic approaches as well as information sources of World Economic Forum.

Results: The authors’ hypothesis about the correspondence of organizational models to the stages of society’s innovative development is verified. General positioning of Ukrainian economic system in investment-driven classifications is confirmed, аnd activation of mass collaboration model is emphasized in the sector of innovative entrepreneurship.

Conclusions: In order to increase the efficiency of organizational-institutional transformations, the concept of bureaucracy-type administrative management is suggested to be reoriented towards the use of adhocratic model with the elements of virtual communication and total digitalization. Social effect of mass collaboration model is determined to be the stimulator of institutional changes in macroeconomic development.
Degree of Concentration of the Banking Sector in B&H and the Impact on the Prices of Banking Products
Authors: Bojat Milica , Rebić Mladen 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This paper tends to examine the level of concentration of the banking sector in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The main objective of the paper is to measure the level of concentration and to investigate how the concentration and type of market structure affect the prices of banking products. By monitoring the movement of key indicators, it provides an insight into the state of the B&H banking sector. By using the appropriate index (HHI, CR3), the movement of concentration levels and the shape of the market structure that prevailed in the banking market over a period of time were determined. The results show that there is a moderate concentration in the B&H banking sector, which includes monopolistic competition as a form of market structure. This means that the equilibrium level of production is achieved at a lower volume of production, at higher prices for banking products (above marginal costs), thereby reducing consumer surplus relative to a perfectly competitive market
Attitudes of Children and Youth on the Serbian Business Sector
Authors: Krstić Nataša , Piper Danica Čigoja 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Apart from the increasing attention paid to the role of business in society, with an expanded awareness of the link between the business sector and human rights, over the last decade, there has been a trend of trying to understand the relative impact of businesses on children’s rights. After the promotion of the Children’s Rights and Business Principles in 2012, the impact of the business sector began to be viewed through the diversity of its possible effects on children in the workplace, the marketplace, in the community or in relation to environmental protection. A quantitative survey of children and young people in Serbia conducted via UNICEF’s U-Report platform aiming to test the hypothesis“Are children and youth in Serbia aware of the impact that the business sector has on them?” identified their attitudes that companies can help them in their future development paths, that the greatest area of impact on children’s rights comes from the workplace – by providing decent work for young workers and parents and making future jobs more accessible to young people through education and training programmes.At the same time, the expectation of children and youth in Serbia for greater participation of companies in supporting and realising the rights of children in society was emphasised.
Hormonal Mechanisms in Atherosclerosis
Authors: Dobrescu Mariana , Păun Diana , Grigorie Daniel , Poiană Cătălina 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is a complex process that includes genetic, inflammatory and endocrine components. During the last decades, much emphasis has been given to cholesterol and lipids as the primary determinants in cardiovascular disease. However, many endocrine and biochemical factors are involved in the atherosclerosis process as well, both systemically and vascular. Multiple obvious data suggest that hormones are responsible for subtle cardiovascular changes long before the development of overt atherosclerotic. Much research remains to be done regarding the interaction between endocrine systems and their role in atherogenesis.
Analysis of the Connections Between Law and Morals, Between Customs and Contemporaneity
Authors: Iovan Marțian 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This paper analyses the concepts of three great Romanian thinkers –theoreticians and philosophers of law – on the relations between law, morals and manners in order to discover, based on their idea filiation in the juridical Romanian culture, the differences of method and contents between them, to identify the practical implication in the field of performing the justice and law-making. Being trained and positioned in the core of the European juridical culture of their time, they reviewed the relations between law and morals, in a rationalist and humanist way, substantiating the need for the law to follow morals, the ethical principles both historically, and practically, the law-making being comprised as well. Thus, they leave room to the expression of human’s basic rights and freedoms in a democratic judicial order, while the rules of law subordinating the morals and manner proved to be widely open to totalitarianism.
Legal Regalements of E-Signature
Authors: Edisherashvili Tea 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The development of informative technologies, including that of the Internet, has significantly changed the human’s life. The largest portion of civil turnover has been encompassed by e-commerce. This latter is being executed through e-contracts. The e-contract from the doctrinal point of view is considered as dealt and the existence of e-signature is an essential component of its authentication, which in its turn determines the issue of existence-absence of written form. The present article is related to the issues of legal status, technical safety and reliable environment of application of e-signature. The necessity of applying the legal instrument was conditioned by the necessity of gradual disappearance of paper-based operations’ execution practice. The application of e-document turnover is justified only in case if the authentication of the document and the signature placed on it has been followed and all this has been acknowledged by the third party. Despite the various models of e-signature, for all of them, it is important to have a reliable and safe environment, for guaranteeing the safety and signer’s identity. The article shows the issues related to legal governing of e-signature according to the legislation of Georgia, also Russian Federation, Continental Europe, Common Court member states, as well as directives and guidelines developed by international organizations.
Determining a Particular Solution for Systems of Linear Differential Equations with Constant Coefficients that Have on the Column of Free Terms Functions Such As e

a

·

x
·P(x) ·cos
n

x or e

b

·

x
·Q(x)·sin
n

x
Authors: Căruţaşu Vasile , Virca Ioan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The determination of a particular solution for the systems of linear differential equations with constant coefficients that have on the column of free terms functions such as e

a

·

x
·P(x) ·cos
n

x or e

b

·

x
·Q(x)·sin
n

x, or/and e

b

·

x
·Q(x) sin
n

x, n ∈ N, is based on the expansion of cos
n x and sin
n x, and, on the other hand, on how a particular solution for a column of free terms with functions such as e

a

·

x
·P(x) ·cos
n

x or e

b

·

x
·Q(x)·sin
n

x, n ∈ N, looks like. We can also write the way a particular solution looks like when we have a combination of two or more functions on the form e

a

·

x
·P(x) ·cos
n

x or e

b

·

x
·Q(x)·sin
n

x, n ∈ N in the column of free terms.
Main Events List/Main Incidents List Development Process for Computer Assisted Exercises
Authors: Neagoe Zinca Diana-Ioana , Bârsan Ghiță 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In order to train commanders in the decision making process we cannot rely only on simulation systems. It takes more than war-gaming to be able to train higher-headquarters and a proven solution to achieve that is by using computer assisted exercises (CAX). The higher the headquarters that needs to be trained, the more complicated the systems’ architecture becomes, for both functional area services and simulation systems together with their auxiliary tools. It takes subject matter experts in different domains and up to 18 months to plan a computer assisted exercise. Every stage of the exercise planning process involves using different systems and building their databases. In order for the commanders to be successfully trained in the decision making process, they need to face operational dilemmas. The Main Events List/Main Incidents List (MEL/MIL) planning team’s job during the exercise planning phase is to develop the major events, incidents and injects which will trigger the operational dilemmas and will force the commanders to make decisions in dynamic and fast-paced environments. The MEL/MIL plays a key role in ensuring a successful execution phase of an exercise and this study explains in detail the complex 8 month process of building the MEL/MIL database.
Preparation of a solid product with high water content and water retention properties
Authors: Cvijić Marko , Golob Janvit 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This work presents the development of a solid product with a high water content (99.08%) and water retention properties. Water was chosen as a potential carrier of a volatile active substance and water retaining properties of material were studied at a temperatures and relative air humidity values with the support of the theory of drying. The study first confirmed the role of Gibbs’ phase rule in the research of solid-gas phase equilibrium, and second presented drying kinetics developed from Fick’s second law and expressed with the first term of the Fourier equation. Solutions of equations for phase equilibrium and mass transfer enabled the calculation of Luikov’s parameters, which are important for equilibrium relations and for the diffusivity of water in a solid for mass transfer prediction. The obtained thermodynamic and kinetic parameters enabled product characterisation that may be important for the prediction of retention times.
Nitrogen-doped Carbon Catalyst by Ultrasonic for Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction
Authors: Liu Jianfeng , Wang Ting , Zhang Zhenhai , Ning Kai , Yin Shibin , Yuan Binxia 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The electrocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide into valued chemicals such as formic acid has the most promising potential in applying renewable energy for useful materials and mitigating the greenhouse effect. However, the studies still focus on developing catalysts with low price and high catalytic properties. In this study, nitrogen atoms were decorated into carbon structure by a unique ultrasonic method, then the nitrogen-doped carbon material was applied as catalyst in CO2 reduction, it exhibited excellent electrochemical activity, 4 times higher than the normal method. The improved activity should be attributed to the interaction between nitrogen and carbon atoms through analysis.
Social Constructivism as Forecasting Matrix. Collective Habitus in International Relations
Authors: Chwedczuk-Szulc Karol , Polus Andrzej 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Social constructivism is not among the most popular theoretical approaches used in forecasting in International Relations. The article argues that constructivism suffers from the same limitations as any other paradigm in IR, therefore, there is no reason to exclude this theory from forecasting effort. In this paper, social constructivism is perceived to offer a new conceptual framework for sound and robust projections of the future. The core of our concept is constituted by the term of collective habitus. Habitus is a relatively stable, yet mutable social structure that can enable deliberations about future. It is based on a long-term history study programme of the School of Annales, as we identify long lasting habits-like patterns of behaviours among IR actors.
Should I Stay or Should I Vote? „Beto an Underdog” and his Mobilization Campaign
Authors: Tomaszewski Norbert 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Beto O’Rourke’s 2018 Senate bid resulted in one of the most interesting political campaigns of past decade. Even though he was less experienced than his rival and ran as an underdog, O’Rourke managed to attract thousands of donors and almost made a political upset, by losing to Ted Cruz by a small margin. The article focuses on his road to nationwide recognition and the use of new media, which allowed him to reach out to the voters.
Value-Based Ideas or Material Interests? An Explanation of Polish Governmental Preference Formation towards Eurozone Accession
Authors: Novak Roman 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Why did Poland not join the Eurozone despite being integrated economically and dependent on investments and trade with existing Eurozone countries? The reluctance of its government seems puzzling taking into consideration Polish economic exposure to Eurozone countries as well as its commitment to switch to the euro stemming from EU treaties. The Polish governmental position on Eurozone accession demonstrates that monetary integration is not only an economic and legal issue, but it also results from political decisions of individual governments. This paper argues that a complementary understanding of the position of the Polish government on Eurozone accession is possible by looking at domestic ideas and interests. For this aim, the societal approach to governmental preference formation is employed. It focuses on the influence of domestic ideas (value-based collective expectations of voters) and interests (cost-benefit calculations of lobby groups) on governmental positions. In applying the societal approach, this paper has two goals: first, to show that the Polish governments’ reluctance to join the Eurozone stems from domestic societal pressures (value-based ideas and material interests) and, second, to specify the conditions for either ideas’ or interests’ individual bearing on the government’s preference.
Appearance and Distribution of Tissue Remodellation Factors in the Hard Tissue of Patients Affected by Cleft Lip Palate
Authors: Buile Dace , Pilmane Māra , Akota Ilze 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Bone repair after surgical intervention on cleft lip palate (CLP) depends on the coordinated action of multiple tissue regeneration factors. We determined the relative number and appearance of tissue factors: matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2), bone morphogenetic protein 2/4 (BMP 2/4), transforming growth factor beta (TGF-ß), Wnt3a protein (Wnt3a), Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and osteoprotegerin in hard tissue of CLP patients during first time surgical intervention. Fourty-three CLP patients with 24 bone and 36 cartilage samples were involved. Immunohistochemistry was used to assess the levels of tissue factors and the semi-quantitative census method was used for quantification of immunological structures. The increased amount of MMP-2 and bFGF positive cells was detected in the CLP group in cartilage and bone (p < 0.05), compared to the controls. A statistically significant (p = 0.012) increased amount of BMP 2/4 positive cells was found in cartilage of CLP patients, in comparison to the control group. Increased appearance of MMP-2, bFGF in hard tissue of the CLP patients indicates the predominance of tissue degradation. Increased number of BMP2/4 positive chondrocytes suggests improved cartilage growth and better regeneration in CLP patients.
Slovakia as a Safe Country – The Perspective of the Slovak Community Members of Vojvodina
Authors: Marušiak Juraj , Zlatanović Sanja 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This article explores the current migration of the Slovak community members of Serbia to Slovakia, focusing on their perception of safety and risk, in the period since 1990 when the post-Communist transition began both in Serbia and Slovakia. The authors attempt to analyse how the members of the given community, who migrated to Slovakia during the reference period, perceive Slovakia today from the point of view of their safety, understood as the search for freedom from threats. They focus on individual safety factors (life, health, status, wealth and freedom). After 1990, Slovakia became not only a country left by migrants, but also a country of destination for migrants. One such migrant group is the members of Slovak communities abroad, in particular Serbia, Romania and Ukraine. The first wave of migration of Slovaks from Serbia took place in the early 1990s in connection with the violent ethnic conflicts in former Yugoslavia, and the next one as a result of the global financial crisis in 2008, which intensified after 2015. The main push factors of the migration of Vojvodina Slovaks to Slovakia in the 1990s included attempts to avoid mobilisation and participation in combat operations; after 2008, the key role was played primarily by material issues which they perceived as an existential threat to themselves and to their families. The main pull factor in favour of choosing Slovakia comprise of the relatively small administrative barriers and linguistic proximity. While our interlocutors regarded their concerns about the impacts of the 1990s war conflicts as short-term threats, they perceived the social impacts of the economic transition and uncontrolled global financial crisis after 2008 as long-term or even permanent threats. In this context, they consider Slovakia a safe country. The article is based on extensive multi-sited fieldwork – in-depth interviews with the members of the community – and on other available sources (legal documents, statistical data, media, etc.).
“Fucking Koreans!”: Sexual Relations and Immigration in the Philippines
Authors: Pack Sam 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Drawn by the tropical weather and pristine beaches, significantly lower cost of living, and proximity, South Koreans are now the top tourists in the Philippines. Besides the short-term tourists, more than 100,000 South Koreans have chosen to permanently reside in the Philippines, making them the largest immigrant population in the country. Recently, a tenuous relationship between these two groups has emerged marked by mutual antipathy. I have overheard many Koreans describe Filipinos as impoverished, lazy, and socially backwards. They appear to have internalized a racial hierarchy whereby they perceive their darker-skinned Asian counterparts as ranking lower on the pigmentocracy scale. Conversely, Filipinos complain incessantly that Korean immigrants and visitors alike are arrogant, rude, and provincial, refusing to learn Tagalog or appreciate, much less respect, local customs. The exclamation, “Fucking Koreans!” has become a familiar refrain by Filipinos in response to being treated as second-class citizens in their own country. This utterance also has a secondary meaning as the one area where Koreans and Filipinos commonly do interact is in the form of sexual relationships.