bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systematic analysis of concentrations of 52 elements in tumor and counterpart normal tissues of patients with non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Cheng Xin , Zhou Yong‐Chun , Zhou Bo , Huang Yun‐Chao , Wang Gui‐Zhen , Zhou Guang‐Biao 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundMany studies have documented the abnormal concentrations of major/trace elements in serum or malignant tissues of patients, but very few works systematically tested the concentrations of elements in tumor tissues in comparison with paired adjacent normal tissues from the same patients.MethodsTumor and adjacent normal lung tissues were obtained from 93 patients with previously untreated NSCLC, and 43 patients whose tumor and paired normal lung tissues reached 200 mg or more were selected for measurement of the elements' concentrations using an inductively coupled plasma‐atomic emission spectrometer.ResultsWe found that the concentrations of the 52 elements varied from 0.4 ng/g tissue (Lu, Pd, and Tm) to 1 658 000 ng/g (Na), 1 951 000 ng/g (P), and 2 495 000 ng/g (K). Thirty eight of the 52 (73.1%) elements showed approximately equal concentrations in tumor and adjacent normal lung tissues of the patients. The concentrations of nine elements (K, P, Mg, Zn, Rb, Cu, Se, Cs, and Tl) in tumor samples were significantly higher than their paired normal lung tissues, and five elements (Na, Fe, Cr, Cd, and Ge) exhibited decreased concentrations in cancer samples compared to counterpart normal lung tissues. Low Fe in tumor samples was associated with smoking history, whereas low Cr was associated with histology (squamous cell carcinoma) of the patients.ConclusionsOur results demonstrate that measurement of elements’ concentrations in both cancer and paired normal tissues is important to get insights into the roles of these elements in carcinogenesis, and therapeutic approaches to normalize the elements are warranted to treat NSCLCs.
Hindering events in psychotherapy: A retrospective account from the client's perspective
Authors: Burton Lynsey , Thériault Anne 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundHindering events in the therapeutic process have been associated with client dissatisfaction, disagreements in therapy, and premature withdrawal from the therapeutic process. However, hindering events in therapy have not been extensively researched from the client's perspective and lack subjective details on how these events are experienced in therapy.AimsThis study explored how hindering events are experienced by clients and their influence on the therapeutic process and outcome from the client's perspective.MethodNine individuals who previously attended therapy and experienced hindering events were interviewed using an in‐depth semi‐structured interview protocol created by the authors. Data were analysed using structured thematic analysis.ResultsFour major themes emerged, each containing themes and sub‐themes to further expand on client experiences: (a) identified hindering events (felt mistreated by therapist, distracted/inattentive therapist, perceived clinical mistakes, tensions from the management of the therapeutic frame); (b) subjective experience of the event (negative emotional experience, making sense of the event, parallel personal dynamics); (c) response to the event (client response/decision to continue or end therapy, reaction to discontinuing therapy); and (d) handling/addressing the event (not handled/addressed, handled/addressed, interest in handling/addressing event, reasons given for not addressing/handling event). Results from this study contribute to the further understanding of client experiences of hindering events that occur in therapy as well as how these events influence therapeutic processes and outcomes.ConclusionThe study adds nuance to the scholarly work that informs client experiences of negative events in therapy. Implications for therapeutic organisations, therapists/counsellors, and educators are discussed.
Cobalt Carbonate as an Electrocatalyst for Water Oxidation
Authors: Patra Shanti G. , Illés Erzsébet , Mizrahi Amir , Meyerstein Dan 
Published: October 2019

AbstractCoII salts in the presence of HCO3−/CO32− in aqueous solutions act as electrocatalysts for water oxidation. It comprises of several key steps: (i) A relatively small wave at Epa≈0.71 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) owing to the CoIII/II redox couple. (ii) A second wave is observed at Epa≈1.10 V with a considerably larger current. In which the CoIII undergoes oxidation to form a CoIV species. The large current is attributed to catalytic oxidation of HCO3−/CO32− to HCO4−. (iii) A process with very large currents at >1.2 V owing to the formation of CoV(CO3)3−, which oxidizes both water and HCO3−/CO32−. These processes depend on [CoII], [NaHCO3], and pH. Chronoamperometry at 1.3 V gives a green deposit. It acts as a heterogeneous catalyst for water oxidation. DFT calculations point out that Con(CO3)3n−6, n=4, 5 are attainable at potentials similar to those experimentally observed.
Hybrid Zadoff‐Chu and multilateral piecewise exponential companding transform–based PAPR reduction technique in OFDM systems
Authors: Manjula Anekal Venkatesh , Muralidhara Kupparavalli Nagaraja Rao 
Published: October 2019

SummaryThe orthogonal frequency‐division multiplexing (OFDM) is a multicarrier modulation system that is used to transmit the large volume of data to the receiver. Reducing the peak‐to‐average power ratio (PAPR) in OFDM system is one of the demanding and crucial task in recent days. For this reason, various precoding and companding mechanisms are developed in the traditional works, but it remains with the limitations of increased complexity, reduced performance, and nonlinear distortion. The reduction of PAPR is achieved by minimizing the companding distortion with the enhancement of the bit error rate (BER) performance significantly. Then, in order to avoid clipping in OFDM, a multilateral piecewise exponential companding transform (MPECT) method has been utilized rather than using piecewise exponential companding transform (PEC) where PAPR is getting reduced. The OFDM is very sensitive to synchronizing error. To overcome this sensitivity, employ the Zadoff‐Chu sequence to carrier frequency offsets. Zadoff‐Chu matrix transform (ZCMT) has numerous merits among the other ODFM systems such as the improvement in the performance of the channels that are fading away and provides an ideal periodic autocorrelation and a constant magnitude periodic cross correlation. Both of these techniques provide improvement in the ODFM systems. To get more efficiency, this paper aims to develop a hybrid technique by integrating the ZCMT and MPECT techniques for reducing the PAPR in OFDM systems. Further, convolutional encoding is applied for better BER and PAPR. The simulation results of the proposed ZCMT‐MPECT technique are evaluated and compared with the conventional OFDM and other precoding methods.
Comparing survey and multiple recruitment–mortality models to assess growth rates and population projections
Authors: Severud William J. , DelGiudice Glenn D. , Bump Joseph K. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractEstimation of population trends and demographic parameters is important to our understanding of fundamental ecology and species management, yet these data are often difficult to obtain without the use of data from population surveys or marking animals. The northeastern Minnesota moose (Alces alces Linnaeus, 1758) population declined 58% during 2006–2017, yet aerial surveys indicated stability during 2012–2017. In response to the decline, the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources (MNDNR) initiated studies of adult and calf survival to better understand cause‐specific mortality, calf recruitment, and factors influencing the population trajectory. We estimated population growth rate (λ) using adult survival and calf recruitment data from demographic studies and the recruitment–mortality (R‐M) Equation and compared these estimates to those calculated using data from aerial surveys. We then projected population dynamics 50 years using each resulting λ and used a stochastic model to project population dynamics 30 years using data from the MNDNR's studies. Calculations of λ derived from 2012 to 2017 survey data, and the R‐M Equation indicated growth (1.02 ± 0.16 [SE] and 1.01 ± 0.04, respectively). However, the stochastic model indicated a decline in the population over 30 years (λ = 0.91 ± 0.004; 2014–2044). The R‐M Equation has utility for estimating λ, and the supporting information from demographic collaring studies also helps to better address management questions. Furthermore, estimates of λ calculated using collaring data were more certain and reflective of current conditions. Long‐term monitoring using collars would better inform population performance predictions and demographic responses to environmental variability.
Large herbivores maintain a two‐phase herbaceous vegetation mosaic in a semi‐arid savanna
Authors: Augustine David J. , Wigley Benjamin J. , Ratnam Jayashree , Kibet Staline , Nyangito Moses , Sankaran Mahesh 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Many arid and semi‐arid rangelands exhibit distinct spatial patterning of vegetated and bare soil‐dominated patches. The latter potentially represent a grazing‐induced, degraded ecosystem state, but could also arise via mechanisms related to feedbacks between vegetation cover and soil moisture availability that are unrelated to grazing. The degree to which grazing contributes to the formation or maintenance of degraded patches has been widely discussed and modeled, but empirical studies of the role of grazing in their formation, persistence, and reversibility are limited.
We report on a long‐term (17 years) grazing removal experiment in a semi‐arid savanna where vegetated patches composed of perennial grasses were interspersed within large (>10 m2) patches of bare soil.
Short‐term (3 years) grazing removal did not allow bare patches to become revegetated, whereas following long‐term (17 years) grazing removal, bare soil patches were revegetated by a combination of stoloniferous grasses and tufted bunchgrasses. In the presence of grazers, stoloniferous grasses partially recolonized bare patches, but this did not lead to full recovery or to the establishment of tufted bunchgrasses.
These results show that grazers alter both the balance between bare and vegetated patches, as well as the types of grasses dominating both patch types in this semiarid savanna.
Synthesis: Large herbivores fundamentally shaped the composition and spatial pattern of the herbaceous layer by maintaining a two‐phase herbaceous mosaic. However, bare patches within this mosaic can recover given herbivore removal over sufficiently long time scales, and hence do not represent a permanently degraded ecosystem state.
Are you laughing at me? Neural correlates of social intent attribution to auditory and visual laughter
Authors: Ethofer Thomas , Stegmaier Sophia , Koch Katharina , Reinl Maren , Kreifelts Benjamin , Schwarz Lena , Erb Michael , Scheffler Klaus , Wildgruber Dirk 
Published: October 2019

AbstractLaughter is a multifaceted signal, which can convey social acceptance facilitating social bonding as well as social rejection inflicting social pain. In the current study, we addressed the neural correlates of social intent attribution to auditory or visual laughter within an fMRI study to identify brain areas showing linear increases of activation with social intent ratings. Negative social intent attributions were associated with activation increases within the medial prefrontal cortex/anterior cingulate cortex (mPFC/ACC). Interestingly, negative social intent attributions of auditory laughter were represented more rostral than visual laughter within this area. Our findings corroborate the role of the mPFC/ACC as key node for processing “social pain” with distinct modality‐specific subregions. Other brain areas that showed an increase of activation included bilateral inferior frontal gyrus and right superior/middle temporal gyrus (STG/MTG) for visually presented laughter and bilateral STG for auditory presented laughter with no overlap across modalities. Similarly, positive social intent attributions were linked to hemodynamic responses within the right inferior parietal lobe and right middle frontal gyrus, but there was no overlap of activity for visual and auditory laughter. Our findings demonstrate that social intent attribution to auditory and visual laughter is located in neighboring, but spatially distinct neural structures.
Fatty Acid Synthase Inhibitor TVB‐2640 Reduces Hepatic de Novo Lipogenesis in Males With Metabolic Abnormalities
Authors: Syed‐Abdul Majid M. , Parks Elizabeth J. , Gaballah Ayman H. , Bingham Kimberlee , Hammoud Ghassan M. , Kemble George , Buckley Douglas , McCulloch William , Manrique-Acevedo Camila 
Published: October 2019

Background and Aims
Elevated hepatic de novo lipogenesis (DNL) is a key distinguishing characteristic of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. In rodent models of NAFLD, treatment with a surrogate of TVB‐2640, a pharmacological fatty acid synthase inhibitor, has been shown to reduce hepatic fat and other biomarkers of DNL. The purpose of this phase I clinical study was to test the effect of the TVB‐2640 in obese men with certain metabolic abnormalities that put them at risk for NAFLD.

Approach and Results
Twelve subjects (mean ± SEM, 42 ± 2 years, body mass index 37.4 ± 1.2 kg/m2, glucose 103 ± 2 mg/dL, triacylglycerols 196 ± 27 mg/dL, and elevated liver enzymes) underwent 10 days of treatment with TVB‐2640 at doses ranging from 50‐150 mg/day. Food intake was controlled throughout the study. Hepatic DNL was measured before and after an oral fructose/glucose bolus using isotopic labeling with 1‐13C1‐acetate intravenous infusion, followed by measurement of labeled very low‐density lipoprotein palmitate via gas chromatography mass spectometry. Substrate oxidation was measured by indirect calorimetry. Across the range of doses, fasting DNL was reduced by up to 90% (P = 0.003). Increasing plasma concentrations of TVB‐2640 were associated with progressive reductions in the percent of fructose‐stimulated peak fractional DNL (R2 = −0.749, P = 0.0003) and absolute DNL area under the curve 6 hours following fructose/glucose bolus (R2 = −0.554, P = 0.005). For all subjects combined, alanine aminotransferase was reduced by 15.8 ± 8.4% (P = 0.05). Substrate oxidation was unchanged, and safety monitoring revealed that the drug was well tolerated, without an increase in plasma triglycerides. Alopecia occurred in 2 subjects (reversed after stopping the drug), but otherwise no changes were observed in fasting glucose, insulin, ketones, and renal function.

Conclusion
These data support the therapeutic potential of a fatty acid synthase inhibitor, TVB‐2640 in particular, in patients with NAFLD and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.
French ambulatory cesarean: Mother and newborn safety
Authors: Dimassi Kaouther , Ami Olivier , Fauck Denis , Simon Benedicte , Velemir Luka , Triki Amel 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate mother and newborn child safety after French ambulatory cesarean (FAUCS).MethodsProspective comparative cohort study in Tunisia (January–June 2018). Pregnant women indicated for primary or repeat cesarean at term underwent FAUCS or Misgav Ladach cesarean (MLC). Surgical outcomes, overall morbidity, and maternal autonomy during recovery were compared.ResultsAmong 112 deliveries, 60 were performed by FAUCS and 52 by MLC. FAUCS was feasible in all cases; surgeons achieved a completely extraperitoneal approach in 39 (65.0%) cases. The main difficulty experienced was fetal extraction. Longer operative procedures were recorded in the FAUCS group; however, women in the FAUCS group reported lower pain scores (3 [2–5] vs 4 [3.7–5], P<0.001) and were more likely to decline analgesics (10 [17.0%] vs 0 [0%], P<0.001). They experienced greater autonomy during recovery (median [interquartile range] time to standing, 2 [1.0–2.5] vs 12.8 [8.9–17.9] hours, P<0.001; time to full meal, 4 [3–6[ vs 26.5 [21–31] hours, P<0.001; effective time to hospital discharge, 1 [1, 2] vs 2 [2, 3] days; P<0.001).ConclusionImplementation of the FAUCS technique was safe and successful, and improved maternal condition after cesarean. These short‐term results need long‐term validation by randomized trials.
Lys05 induces lysosomal membrane permeabilization and increases radiosensitivity in glioblastoma
Authors: Zhou Wei , Guo Yulian , Zhang Xin , Jiang Zheng 
Published: October 2019

AbstractGlioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most malignant primary brain tumors and its prognosis is very poor. Lysosome‐dependent cell death is mainly caused by lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP), a process in which the lysosome loses its membrane integrity and lysosomal contents are released into the cytosol. Lysosomotropic agent, a kind of compound that selectively accumulates in the lysosomes, is one of the most important inducers of LMP. As a newly‐synthetic lysosomotropic agent, Lys05 showed efficient autophagy inhibiting and antitumor effect. But its mechanisms are not well illustrated. Here, we studied whether Lys05 has antiglioma activity. We found that Lys05 decreased cell viability and reduced cell growth of glioma U251 and LN229 cells. After Lys05 treatment, autophagic flux is inhibited and lysosome function is impaired. We also found that Lys05 caused LMP and mitochondrial depolarization. Finally, Lys05 increased radiosensitivity in an LMP‐dependent manner. For the first time, our findings indicate that LMP contributes to radiosensitivity in GBM cells. Therefore, LMP inducer, Lys05 might be a promising compound in the treatment of GBM cells.
Comparison of serum Lp‐PLA2 levels in ischemic stroke patients with H‐type hypertension or non‐H‐type hypertension
Authors: Qiao Jie , Zhou KuiChen , Huang Chao , Fu Siwen , Xing Yonghong , Zhang Biao 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundIncreased serum Lp‐PLA2 levels have been reported in patients who experienced an ischemic stroke; however, the relationship between Lp‐PLA2 and H‐type hypertension in patients with ischemic stroke remains unclear.MethodsIn the present study, we investigated the correlation between serum Lp‐PLA2 and H‐type hypertension in patients with ischemic stroke. A total of 135 patients who experienced acute ischemic stroke were enrolled in Tianjin Huanhu Hospital during October 2015 to May 2016. The demographic characteristics of the patients were collected, and biochemical parameters were detected.ResultsAmong the 135 patients, 111 patients had essential hypertension, including 41 patients with H‐type hypertension and 70 with non‐H‐type hypertension. There were higher proportions of males and patients with diabetes mellitus in the H‐type hypertension group compared with the non‐H‐type hypertension group (P < .05). Lp‐PLA2, glucose, and LDL‐C levels were higher in the H‐type hypertension group than in the non‐H‐type hypertension group (P < .05). Multivariate logistic regression showed that Lp‐PLA2 levels >208.46 mg/L were independently associated with H‐type hypertension in patients with ischemic stroke (OR: 2.560, 95% CI: 1.085‐6.040, P = .032). The area under the ROC curve of Lp‐PAL2 levels in the H‐type hypertension group was 0.665 (95% CI: 0.561‐0.768, P = .004).ConclusionSynergetic effects of H‐type hypertension and Lp‐PLA2 levels were noted in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke.
Retracted: Circular RNA circC3P1 restrains kidney cancer cell activity by regulating miR‐21/PTEN axis and inactivating PI3K/AKT and NF‐kB pathways
Authors: Chen Tao , Yu Qinchao , Xin Lei , Guo Lei 
Published: October 2019

AbstractKidney cancer (KC) seriously impacts public health. We detected the function and mechanism of circular RNA C3P1 (circC3P1) in KC cells. CCK‐8, flow cytometry, migration, and invasion assay were respectively used to investigate the efficacies of circC3P1 and microRNA (miR)‐21 on cell viability, apoptosis, migration, and invasion. Phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN), circC3P1, and miR‐21 expression were changed by cell transfection and detected by quantitative reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction. Moreover, the apoptosis/pathways‐related proteins and proteins were detected by western blot analysis. Besides, the relation between PTEN and miR‐21 was detected by luciferase assay. circC3P1 and PTEN were downregulated while miR‐21 was upregulated in KC tissues. circC3P1 declined cell viability, migration, and invasion and caused apoptosis. Furthermore, circC3P1 negatively regulated miR‐21; miR‐21 mimic could reverse the efficacies of circC3P1. Besides, circC3P1 restrained the PI3K/AKT and NF‐κB pathways by downregulating miR‐21. Finally, PTEN was authenticated as a target of miR‐21. circC3P1 restrained KC cell growth, migration, and invasion by regulating miR‐21/PTEN axis and inactivating PI3K/AKT and NF‐κB signaling pathways.
Progenitor‐cell‐enriched micrografts as a novel option for the management of androgenetic alopecia
Authors: Ruiz Rafael G. , Rosell Jose M. C. , Ceccarelli Gabriele , De Sio Ciro , De Angelis Gabriella C. , Pinto Hernan , Astarita Carlo , Graziano Antonio 
Published: October 2019

AbstractRegenerative medicine is a multidisciplinary field that combines engineering and life science principles to promote regeneration, potentially restoring the physiological condition in diseased tissues. Specifically, the developments of complex grafts enhance the intrinsic regenerative capacity of the host by altering its environment. Autologous micrografts obtained through Rigenera® micrografting technology are able to promote derma and bone regeneration. Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) leads to a progressive thinning of scalp hair affecting 60–70% of the adult population worldwide. Pharmacological treatment offers moderate results and hair transplantation represents the only permanent treatment option. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the role of dermis micrografting in the treatment of AGA by clinical and histological evaluations after 4, 6, and 12 months. Hair growth and density were improved at all indicated times. Those outcomes were also confirmed by the TrichoScan® analysis, reporting an increase of total hair count and density with an increase and reduction of anagen and telogen phases, respectively. Scalp dermoscopic analysis showed an improvement of hair density and histological analysis indicated a clear amelioration of the scalp, development of hair follicles, and a beginning of cuticle formation. Collectively, those results suggest a possible use of the micrografts as a novel therapeutic option in the management of AGA.