bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Glucose Transporter Expression and Regulation Following a Fast in the Ruby-throated Hummingbird,Archilochus colubris
Authors: Ali Raafay S. , Dick Morag F. , Muhammad Saad , Sarver Dylan , Wong G. William , Welch Kenneth C. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractHummingbirds subsist almost exclusively on nectar sugar and face extreme challenges blood sugar regulation. Transmembrane sugar transport is mediated by facilitative glucose transporters (GLUTs) and the capacity for sugar transport is dependent on both the activity of GLUTs and their localisation to the plasma membrane (PM). In this study, we determined the relative protein abundance in whole-tissue (WT) homogenates and PM fractions via immunoblot using custom antibodies for GLUT1, GLUT2, GLUT3, and GLUT5 in flight muscle, heart, and, liver of ruby-throated hummingbirds (Archilochus colubris). GLUTs examined were detected in nearly all tissues tested. Hepatic GLUT1 was minimally present in WT homogenates and absent in PM fractions. GLUT5 was expressed in hummingbird flight muscles at levels comparable to that of their liver, consistent with the hypothesised uniquely high fructose-uptake and oxidation capacity of this tissue. To assess GLUT regulation, we fed ruby-throated hummingbirds 1M sucrosead libitumfor 24 hours followed by either 1 hour of fasting or continuedad libitumfeeding until sampling. We measured relative GLUT abundance and concentrations of circulating sugars. Blood fructose concentration in fasted hummingbirds declined from ∼5mM to ∼0.18mM, while fructose-transporting PM GLUT2 and PM GLUT5 did not change in abundance. Blood glucose concentrations remained elevated in both fed and fasted hummingbirds, at ∼30mM, while glucose-transporting PM GLUT1 and PM GLUT3 in the flight muscle and liver, respectively, declined in fasted birds. Our results suggest that glucose uptake capacity is dynamically reduced in response to fasting, allowing for maintenance of elevated blood glucose levels, while fructose uptake capacity remains constitutively elevated promoting depletion of blood total fructose within the first hour of a fast.Summary statementHummingbird ingest nectar rich in glucose and fructose. When fasted, tissue capacity for circulating glucose import declines while remaining elevated for fructose. This may underlie maintenance of high blood glucose and rapid depletion of blood fructose.
Nuclear deformation causes DNA damage by increasing replication stress
Authors: Shah Pragya , Hobson Chad M. , Cheng Svea , Colville Marshall , Paszek Matthew , Superfine Richard , Lammerding Jan 
Published: June 2020

SummaryCancer metastasis, i.e., the spreading of tumor cells from the primary tumor to distant organs, is responsible for the vast majority of cancer deaths. In the process, cancer cells migrate through narrow interstitial spaces substantially smaller in cross-section than the cell. During such confined migration, cancer cells experience extensive nuclear deformation, nuclear envelope rupture, and DNA damage. The molecular mechanisms responsible for the confined migration-induced DNA damage remain incompletely understood. While in some cell lines, DNA damage is closely associated with nuclear envelope rupture, we show that in others, mechanical deformation of the nucleus is sufficient to cause DNA damage, even in the absence of nuclear envelope rupture. This deformation-induced DNA damage, unlike nuclear envelope rupture-induced DNA damage, occurs primarily in S/G2 phase of the cell cycle and is associated with replication forks. Nuclear deformation, resulting from either confined migration or external cell compression, increases replication stress, possibly by increasing replication fork stalling, providing a molecular mechanism for the deformation-induced DNA damage. Thus, we have uncovered a new mechanism for mechanically induced DNA damage, linking mechanical deformation of the nucleus to DNA replication stress. This mechanically induced DNA damage could not only increase genomic instability in metastasizing cancer cells, but could also cause DNA damage in non-migrating cells and tissues that experience mechanical compression during development, thereby contributing to tumorigenesis and DNA damage response activation.
Glycocalyx-mediated Cell Adhesion and Migration
Authors: Schmidt Samuel , Weigelin Bettina , Riet Joost te , Boekhorst Veronika te , Lindert Mariska te , Wijers-Rouw Mietske , Lelli Barbara , Rognoni Lorenz , Krause-Vortmeyer Marina , Messent Anthea , Bracci Luisa , Gottschalk Kay-Eberhard , Kissler Stephan , Humphries Martin J. , Lefeber Dirk J. , Fransen Jack , Friedl Peter 
Published: June 2020

SummaryCell migration is a force-dependent adaptive process mediated by integrin-dependent adhesion as well as other yet poorly defined interactions to the extracellular matrix. Using enzymatic multi-targeted digestion of sugar moieties on the surface of mesenchymal cells and leukocytes after interference with integrin function, we demonstrate that the surface glycocalyx represents an independent adhesion system. The glycocalyx mediates cell attachment to ECM ligand in the 100-500 pN force range and amoeboid migration in 3D environmentsin vitroandin vivo. Glycan-based adhesions consist of actin-rich membrane deformations and appositions associated with bleb-like and other protrusions forming complex-shaped sub-micron contact sites to ECM fibrils. These data implicate the glycocalyx in mediating generic stickiness to support nanoscale interactions (nanogrips) between the cell surface and ECM, mechano-coupling, and migration.
Inhibiting proBDNF to mature BDNF conversion leads to autism-like phenotypesin vivo
Authors: You He , Mizui Toshiyuki , Kiyosue Kazuyuki , Takao Keizo , Miyakawa Tsuyoshi , Kato Koichi , Otsuka Mitsuru , Bai Ting , Xia Kun , Lu Bai , Kojima Masami 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAutism spectrum disorders (ASD) comprise a range of early age-onset neurodevelopment disorders with genetic heterogeneity. Most ASD related genes are involved in synaptic function, which is oppositely regulated by brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF): the precursor proBDNF inhibits while mature BDNF (mBDNF) potentiates synapses. Here we generated a knock-in mouse line (BDNFmet/leu) in which the conversion of proBDNF to mBDNF is inhibited. Biochemical experiments revealed residual mBDNF but excessive proBDNF in the brain. Similar to other ASD mouse models, the BDNFmet/leumice showed decreased brain volumes, reduced dendritic arborization, altered spines, and impaired synaptic transmission and plasticity. They also exhibited ASD-like phenotypes, including stereotypical behaviors, deficits in social interaction, hyperactivity, and elevated stress response. Interestingly, the plasma level of proBDNF, but not mBDNF, was significantly elevated in ASD patients. These results suggest that proBDNF level, but notBdnfgene, is associated with autism-spectrum behaviors, and identify a potential blood marker and therapeutic target for ASD.
Supply chain resilience: a benchmarking model for vulnerability and capability assessment in the automotive industry
Authors: Kaviani Mohamad Amin , Tavana Madjid , Kowsari Fatemeh , Rezapour Roghayeh 
Published: June 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to evaluate two supply chain resilience key elements of vulnerability and capability in the automotive industry.Design/methodology/approachWe propose a fuzzy approach for statistical hypothesis testing and analyze two research hypotheses by synthesizing the results of a questionnaire given to 44 companies in the Iranian automotive industry.FindingsThe results indicate that the automotive industry in Iran should: (1) resist five elements of vulnerability, i.e. “external pressures,” “sensitivity,” “connectivity,” “supplier/customer disruptions,” and “resource limits,” and (2) embrace nine elements of capability, i.e. “flexibility in order fulfillment,” “capacity,” “efficiency,” “visibility,” “adaptability,” “recovery,” “dispersion,” “organization,” “market position” and “security” to achieve greater resiliency elasticity in the supply chain.Originality/valueThis is the first study on the supply chain resilience vulnerabilities and capabilities in the Iranian automotive industry.
Transgenerational innovation capability in family firms
Authors: Hernandez-Perlines Felipe , Ribeiro-Soriano Domingo , Rodríguez-García Maria 
Published: June 2020

PurposeBased on the theory of dynamic capabilities, the purpose of this study is to examine how generation influences the effect of innovation capability on family business performance. To achieve this purpose, a moderation model is tested using the generational level as the moderating variable.Design/methodology/approachThis study used a sample of 106 family businesses CEOs who were surveyed by mail using the Limesurvey 2.5 platform. The results obtained were analyzed using the second-generation partial least squares (PLS) structural equation model. The MICOM (Measurement Invariance of Composite Models) approach was used to analyze the moderating effect.FindingsThis research sheds lights on the innovation capacity to influence the family businesses performance, and on the generational level moderating this effect. As a result, the influence of the innovation capacity in second generation family businesses performance is higher than in the first generation.Research limitations/implicationsThis study reveals the influence that the generational level has on the effect of innovation capacity on the family business performance. A greater dispersion of ownership, more participatory decision-making, and greater CEOs commitment to leadership in second- and later-generation family businesses, are the main key drivers of this result.Originality/valueIn comparison to previous studies, this research provides insights into the moderating effect of the generational level on the influence of innovation capacity on the family businesses performance through the MICOM approach (Measurement Invariance of Composite Models).
Multi-objective optimization of Gas Station performance using response surface methodology
Authors: Asadzadeh Shervin , Akhavan Behrouz , Akhavan Behnaz 
Published: June 2020

PurposeIn this paper, the performance of a specific gas station (Parvin) has been studied and investigated. The purpose of this research is to design a second-order regression model based on simulated data to optimize the queuing system in line with the fuel sales and costs. Thus, the influential variables including the number of pumps and the number of pump operators need to be optimally determined.Design/methodology/approachThe simulation was combined with design of experiments (DoE) techniques to achieve a predictable model for optimizing Gas Station performance considering both the sales rate and the queue length. First, the Gas Station was simulated with Arena software, and then by using DoE and response surface methodology (RSM), the gas station performance was optimized in terms of three objectives including costs. A face-centered central composite design (CCD) has been implemented to reach the optimal number of pumps and pump workers.FindingsThe results of the optimization model derived from the CCD indicate that the performance of the Gas Station system has been improved considerably. Moreover, after the detailed study of optimization and RSM outputs, it seems that the variations of both the pumps and the number of pump operators have significant impacts on the performance of the Gas Station including costs, sales rate and queue length.Originality/valueIn general, it has been proved that simulation-based RSM can be considered as a powerful and effective technique in both single and multi-objective experimental optimization. The present study has been able to help managers to make decisions and conduct the Gas Station in critical conditions in different hours of a day.
Exploring gamified persuasive system design for energy saving
Authors: Böckle Martin , Novak Jasminko , Bick Markus 
Published: June 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore user-centered design possibilities at the intersection of gamification and persuasive technology to foster energy saving behavior.Design/methodology/approachWe performed a large-scale empirical study of 480 participants and analyzed how different HEXAD gamification user types perceive selected persuasive strategies embedded in an energy saving prototype. Furthermore, we investigated the role of existing energy saving behaviors (pro-environmental behavior scale–e.g. regularly turning the lights off) and their effect on the perceived persuasiveness of the proposed persuasive strategies, which may has an impact on the overall design process. Furthermore, we applied partial least squares path modeling and conducted a one-way and repeated measure ANOVA.FindingsResults show that user types play an important role in the design of persuasive systems for energy saving. For instance, people with a high tendency toward the Socializer user type were motivated by almost all of the employed persuasive strategies, whereas Philanthropists and Players only to a limited number of strategies. Furthermore, our study reveals that existing behaviors like the individual level of energy conservation influences the perceived persuasiveness of certain strategies and therefore should be considered in the design of such applications.Research limitations/implicationsUsing storyboards to obtain feedback about the perceived persuasiveness of employed strategies has limitations compared to the actual use of a functional prototype. However, to offset that limitation the mock-ups used in the storyboard reflected the actual designs for a real-world prototype.OriginalityThis is the first study that explores how HEXAD gamification user types can be used to inform the design of persuasive applications for energy saving (RQ1). Furthermore, and in particular, this study draws on the challenges when using user types within gamified persuasive systems by highlighting the impact and the importance of considering existing energy saving behaviors (RQ2), which has not been addressed so far.
Intellectual capital, knowledge sharing and equity crowdfunding
Authors: Vrontis Demetris , Christofi Michael , Battisti Enrico , Graziano Elvira Anna 
Published: June 2020

PurposeThis paper explores knowledge sharing (KS) and intellectual capital (IC) impacts on the success rate of equity crowdfunding (EC) campaigns in the Italian market, which represents a new model for financing entrepreneurial initiatives.Design/methodology/approachThe relation between KS, IC and the success rate of EC campaigns is analysed with a panel regression that measures IC through the value added intellectual coefficient. Social network analysis is used to measure KS in the users' network on Twitter for EC campaigning. Specifically, the authors consider the information users exchange on social networks as a proxy of KS and identify the hubs influencing information dissemination, the size and strength of networks for each EC campaign. Finally, the success rate of EC campaigns is a ratio of the number of positive campaigns to the total number of campaigns for each platform.FindingsThe success rate of EC campaigns is positively related to IC and significantly and positively related to the number of connections the EC platforms have.Practical implicationsThe positive relationship between the hub role of social network platforms and the success of EC campaigns provides an important signal to crowdfunding operators. As more potential investors focus on an EC campaign, a bandwagon effect could involve uninformed investors. This result is crucial in order to better understand how social media activity affects crowdfunding success.Originality/valueAlthough the literature has examined the impact of KS on general firm performance and the mediating role of intellectual capital, no prior studies have examined the impacts of KS and IC on the success rate of EC campaigns in a specific market.
Autochthonous management knowledge/knowledge management in Africa
Authors: Zoogah David B. , Gomes Emanuel , Cunha Miguel Pina 
Published: June 2020

Purpose
There is a growing desire for more scientific and technical knowledge regarding Africa. This is because Africa has the potential and opportunity to generate impactful research. However, this potential is not optimized because of several constraints, including the lack of systematic reviews and models of knowledge management and paradoxical trends in Africa. The purpose of this paper is to review studies on knowledge management and associated paradoxes in Africa and a paradox-conscious African knowledge management model. The autochthonous African model that the authors propose has implications for global knowledge management.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors review studies on knowledge management and paradoxes on Africa.

Findings
The authors propose a model and identify 12 paradoxes broadly categorized as industrial, political and social.

Practical implications
The paradoxical tensions characteristic of Africa may be considered integral to business and policy rather than local expressions to be solved through international “best practice.”

Originality/value
The model this paper propose enables theoretical and empirical studies of knowledge management sensitive to the paradoxical tensions associated with autochthonous management knowledge and autochthonous knowledge management.
Managing meanings, coaching virtues and mediating rhetoric
Authors: Rutten Kris , Flory Marja 
Published: June 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this article is to present and revisit the role of rhetoric and narratives in management research and practice.Design/methodology/approachThe authors revisit the insights from previous work on the role of rhetoric and narratives in management research and introduce new perspectives based on the original contributions included in this special issue.FindingsThere is an ongoing need to stress the importance of narrative and rhetorical perspectives in management research, specifically for exploring the managing of meanings, the coaching of virtues and the mediating of rhetoric.Originality/valueThe paper revisits and provides new insights on the role of rhetoric and narratives in management research and emphasizes the interrelationship between both, specifically by focusing on the conceptual framework of Kenneth Burke, whose work can be situated at the intersection of rhetoric and narrative.
Parliamentary Prorogation in Comparative Context
Authors: Schleiter Petra , Fleming Thomas G. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis paper examines the power to prorogue (or suspend) Parliament following the 2019 prorogation controversy in the UK. We outline the legal basis of prerogative‐based prorogation, survey its uses in the UK and other Westminster systems, and compare it with equivalent rules in other European parliamentary democracies. The comparative perspective highlights the outlier status of the UK among comparable European democracies. In the UK, the absence of explicit legal limits on the use of prorogation gives the executive exceptional scope to employ the power for political purposes to sidestep Parliament. We conclude by discussing the implications of these findings for current discussions about the desirability of reforming the UK’s prorogation rules and placing express legal limits on the executive’s power.
Techniques, perspectives, and challenges of bioactive peptide generation: A comprehensive systematic review
Authors: Barati Meisam , Javanmardi Fardin , Mousavi Jazayeri Seyed Mohammad Hosein , Jabbari Masoumeh , Rahmani Jamal , Barati Farzaneh , Nickho Hamid , Davoodi Sayed Hossein , Roshanravan Neda , Mousavi Khaneghah Amin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDue to the digestible refractory and absorbable structures of bioactive peptides (BPs), they could induce notable biological impacts on the living organism. In this regard, the current study was devoted to providing an overview regarding the available methods for BPs generation by the aid of a systematic review conducted on the published articles up to April 2019. In this context, the PubMed and Scopus databases were screened to retrieve the related publications. According to the results, although the characterization of BPs mainly has been performed using enzymatic and microbial in‐vitro methods, they cannot be considered as suitable techniques for further stimulation of digestion in the gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, new approaches for both in‐vivo and in‐silico methods for BPs identification should be developed to overcome the obstacles that belonged to the current methods. The purpose of this review was to compile the recent analytical methods applied for studying various aspects of food‐derived biopeptides, and emphasizing generation at in vitro, in vivo, and in silico.
Emergency department: A sociological perspective
Authors: Grace Samuel G 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAs a complex space that can be interpreted on individual, societal and systemic levels, there is a need for analysis of emergency medicine that transcends the biomedical paradigm to explore its sociological influences. The ED is a social structure of different roles, responsibilities and relationships that can be analysed through observation of the different institutionalised activities which highlight the hierarchies and culturally influenced interactions taking place between actors. Institutionalised activities that provide insight into the social structure of the ED include deference to doctors by patients in the context of environmental chaos, segregated handover of information and discharge‐oriented patient care that de‐emphasises the impact of social background.
Cost–benefit analysis of retrospectively identifying missed compensable billings in the emergency department
Authors: Lim Andy , Lim Alvin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of the present study was to perform a cost–benefit analysis of retrospectively identifying missed compensable billings in a public Australian ED.MethodsA retrospective review of patients who were eligible for billing from the period of 1 April 2018 to 31 January 2019 was undertaken. Individual patient files were examined and reconciliated with the historical billing record and any discrepancies identified. Financial modelling with Vose ModelRisk and R Studio v1.2.5033 was employed to estimate future benefits of such a strategy. Uncertainty analyses included variation in wage cost (AU$0–200/h), discount rate (3–10%), presentation growth rate, percentage compensable, benefit recovered/patient, percentage recoverable and cost per patient.ResultsA total of 76 523 patients presented during this time. Of these, 2737 patients were deemed compensable. A total of 740 undocumented billing items were identified with an estimated Medicare Benefits Schedule value of $59 870 and an Australian Medical Association value of $152 400. The net present value (NPV) of this identified cash flow stream in perpetuity was $1 436 892 (Medicare Benefits Schedule) and $3 657 600 (Australian Medical Association) (i.e. the total value of recovering this amount of money each year indefinitely, corrected for the time value of money). The positive NPV was maintained with sensitivity analysis.ConclusionAll scenarios examined led to a positive NPV favouring retrospectively identifying missed compensable billings.