bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thematic adverbial adjuncts of place and direction and their relationship
to conceptual metaphor in A. E. Housman’s A Shropshire Lad
Authors: Goatly Andrew 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Systemic Functional Grammar (SFG), in discussing the textual metafunction of grammar, identifies any sentence element other than Subject in initial position in declarative clauses as “marked Theme”. Previous research analysed the use of marked Theme in A. E. Housman’s poem sequence A Shropshire Lad (Goatly 2008), revealing the importance of space, place, orientation and direction. These semantic fields have been identified as significant sources for conceptual metaphors, and this chapter re-examines the widespread use of place and direction adjuncts in marked thematic position for their symbolic significance. By analysing in detail ten of the poems in which marked Theme is particularly prominent, it demonstrates that they do indeed achieve symbolic value, and that their symbolism is dependent upon the conceptual metaphors/metaphor themes identified in and catalogued in Metalude (Goatly 2002-2005). One can conclude that, though apparently backgrounded by being positioned in Theme position, these adjuncts are, in fact, of importance to literary theme.
Death by nature in two poems by Alden Nowlan
Authors: Lahey Ernestine 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This chapter provides a Text World Theory analysis of two poems by the Canadian poet Alden Nowlan, specifically focusing on the “death by landscape” trope (Atwood 1972) in these works. I argue that Nowlan, often viewed as a regionalist poet, draws on a wilderness-based model of Canadian identity that clearly aligns his work with deeply-felt national concerns. The analysis provided here extends earlier considerations of text-world landscape construction in poetry (e.g. Lahey 2006), thus contributing to the development of a Text World Theory that is more sensitive to literary landscape representation.
Liminal islands
Authors: McLoughlin Nigel 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This chapter uses Text World Theory (Werth 1999; Gavins 2007) in conjunction with Stockwell’s model of literary resonance (2009) to analyse the mechanisms by which liminal spaces are created and developed in two poems by Derek Mahon. The analysis will focus on how liminal spaces are used in the poems to effect co-presences. In ‘Beyond the Pale’ a sense of loneliness and longing is created through the superimposition of topographically similar but distant landscapes, allowing wished co-presences to be made tantalisingly close, but never realised. While in ‘Rathlin’ a liminal seascape allows for the possibilities of temporal co-presences in a space which is outside of our normal conception of time. The study will show that the combination of Text World Theory with the attentional tracking capabilities of the resonance model offers a more dynamic version of Text World Theory that attends to text-worlds in attentional relation to each other over time, which in turn helps to create the liminal effects of the poems.
“Boston Strong”
Authors: Berberich Kristin 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Marathons connect both runners and onlookers to a space in unique ways and thus constitute a prime example of the reciprocal relation between language and space. This analysis draws on the Boston Marathon 2013/2014 to highlight the role of place-making practices and enregisterment connected to the world’s oldest marathon and the city it takes place in, both before and in the aftermath of the Boston Marathon Bombings (BMB) in 2013. In line with recent sociolinguistic work on language in the urban space, this paper uses a corpus-based approach to analyse how the city is discursively created as the place of the event and, in the year after the BMB, reclaimed as a place of cheerful celebration and resilience in the wake of the incident. This study compares newspaper texts and then draws on selected semiotic artefacts that were utilized as place-making strategies in the two years analysed, thus highlighting the creative and meaning-making potential of social actors. Furthermore, the analysis discusses the role of local and supra-local social actors in the linguistic “placing of memory” (Cresswell 2004: 85) on the Boston cityscape through enregisterment before and after the BMB.
“She enjoys being stroked”, “They are affectionate, lively and
interactive boys”
Authors: Virdis Daniela Francesca 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This chapter analyses animal agency in a corpus of texts from the website of Battersea Dogs & Cats Home, an English charity rehoming dogs and cats, more precisely from the cat rehoming gallery. The chapter firstly provides definitions of alternative discourse and of agency in the disciplines of human-animal studies and Hallidayan functional grammar. Secondly, the theoretical framework and methodology of functional grammar are applied to the corpus in order to classify all the processes performed by the cats into the six Hallidayan process types and to examine their stylistic representation. In accordance with the aims and scope of ecostylistics, the main research purpose is to demonstrate that the website constructs an environmentally-conscious alternative discourse instilling respect for the Battersea cats and paying tribute to them as independent living beings with their own experiences and priorities.
Thinking for speaking in the right aspect
Authors: Bulatovic Vesna 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In this article we focus on the category of aspect and examine modern English grammars to see whether they give sufficient guidelines to the learner on how aspectual meanings are decoded and encoded in English. More precisely, we check whether the grammars reflect the abundant linguistic research on aspectual construal in English. Out of a number of components that play a role in the shaping of aspectual meaning, we look at the following four: lexical aspect, arguments, grammatical aspect, and tense. An overview is first made of the key theoretical findings on the impact of these four components on aspectual interpretation, followed by an analysis of the grammar content on the given components. Our conclusion is that only two comprehensive grammars we examined take into account the results of linguistic research on aspect to a certain extent and that there is a lot of room for improvement.
A story-writing based study on the acquisition of aspect in Spanish by Mandarin Chinese learners
Authors: Sun Yuliang , Díaz Rodríguez Lourdes , Taulé Mariona 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we analyze the acquisition of Spanish past tense aspect by Mandarin Chinese learners of Spanish by means of three semi-guided writing tests. Specifically, we analyze the choice ofpretérito indefinidoandpretérito imperfecto, taking into account lexical aspect, grounding information, and the combination of both as variables. Moreover, we analyze whether transfer from Mandarin Chinese, the students’ first language (L1), occurs in the acquisition process. Our results partly support the Lexical Aspect Hypothesis (Andersen, 1991;Andersen & Shirai, 1996) and the Discourse Hypothesis (Bardovi-Harlig, 1994). According to these hypotheses, verbal properties and grounding information play a role in the selection ofpretérito indefinidoorpretérito imperfecto. Finally, our data support the existence of L1 transfer at the semantic level only.
Exploring the impact of word order asymmetry on cognitive load during Chinese–English sight translation
Authors: Ma Xingcheng , Li Dechao , Hsu Yu-Yin 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis paper explores the impact of word order asymmetry between source language and target language on cognitive load during Chinese–English sight translation. Twenty-five MA students of translation from a Hong Kong university were asked to sight translate sentences with different degrees of between-language structural asymmetry from Chinese into English, in both single-sentence and discourse context conditions. Their eye movements were recorded to examine cognitive load during sight translation. The results show: (1) There was a significant effect of word order asymmetry on overall cognitive load as indicated by the considerably longer dwell times and more frequent fixations for the asymmetric sentences, but it was only during the later-processing stage that structural asymmetry exerted a strong influence on local processing in terms of first fixation duration and regression path duration; (2) the role of context in offsetting the asymmetry effect was very limited; and (3) although reordering may place a greater burden on working memory, most participants preferred reordering over segmentation to cope with the asymmetric structures. The empirical data point to the need to consider word order asymmetry as a variable in theoretical accounts of the interpreting process, especially for interpreting between languages that are structurally very different.
Artificial oxide heterostructures with non-trivial topology
Authors: Gunnink Pieter M , Bouwmeester Rosa Luca , Brinkman Alexander 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In the quest for topological insulators with large band gaps, heterostructures with Rashba spin–orbit interactions come into play. Transition metal oxides with heavy ions are especially interesting in this respect. We discuss the design principles for stacking oxide Rashba layers. Assuming a single layer with a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) on both interfaces as a building block, a two-dimensional topological insulating phase is present when negative coupling between the 2DEGs exists. When stacking multiple building blocks, a two-dimensional or three-dimensional topological insulator is artificially created, depending on the intra- and interlayer coupling strengths and the number of building blocks. We show that the three-dimensional topological insulator is protected by reflection symmetry, and can therefore be classified as a topological crystalline insulator. In order to isolate the topological states from bulk states, the intralayer coupling term needs to be quadratic in momentum. It is described how such a quadratic coupling could potentially be realized by taking buckling within the layers into account. The buckling, thereby, brings the idea of stacked Rashba system very close to the alternative approach of realizing the buckled honeycomb lattice in [111]-oriented perovskite oxides.
Controlling and optimizing the morphology and microstructure of 3D interconnected activated carbons for high performance supercapacitors
Authors: Lu Yanhong , Zhang Suling , Han Xiaorong , Wan Xingchen , Gao Junlin , Bai Congcong , Li Yingxue , Ge Zhen , Wei Lei , Chen Yu , Ma Yanfeng , Chen Yongsheng 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
For an active electrode material, the morphology, microstructure and the effective specific surface area derived from them, have a dominant effect for the high performance supercapacitors. In this study, 3D interconnected activated carbons with controlled and optimized morphologies and porous structures were prepared from accessible carbon source and graphene oxide by a hydrothermal carbonization and following an activation method. Through optimizing the ratios of the precursors and reaction conditions, an electrode material with excellent specific surface area of 2318 m2 g−1, meso-/macro-pore ratio of 63.2% (meso-/macro-pore volume reached to 0.83 cm3 g−1), as well as an outstanding electrical conductivity of 46.6 S m−1, was obtained. The materials exhibit superior double-layer capacitive performances on a symmetric supercapacitor, delivering superior specific capacitance of 157 F g−1 in organic electrolyte system at current density of 0.5 A g−1, excellent energy density of 37.6 W h kg−1 with a power density of 7.1 kW kg−1 and good cycling stability of capacitance retention of 94% over 7000 cycles. These results offer a practical method to prepare the desired carbon electrode materials with controlled morphology and structure for high efficiency electrochemical energy storage devices.
A synergistic antibacterial platform: combining mechanical and photothermal effects based on Van-MoS2–Au nanocomposites
Authors: Cai Yujie , Wang Luyao , Hu Haolu , Bing Wei , Tian Limei , Zhao Jie 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Herein, we successfully developed a new multifunctional antibacterial system, which combined mechano-bactericidal (Au-nanostars) and photothermal (MoS2) mechanism. Meanwhile, the targeting molecule of vancomycin was modified on the surface of MoS2–Au nanocomposites (Van-MoS2–Au), that generally yield high efficiency in antibacterial performance due to their effective working radii. Van-MoS2–Au nanocomposites were capable of completely destroying both gram-negative (E. coli) and gram-positive (B. subtilis) bacteria under 808 NIR laser irradiation for 20 min, and nearly no bacterial growth was detected after 12 h incubation. Moreover, these nanocomposites could destruct the refractory biofilm as well, which was a much more difficult medical challenge. The new antibacterial nanomaterials might offer many biomedical applications because of the biocompatibility and strong antibacterial ability.
Nonlinear simulations of energetic particle-driven instabilities interacting with Alfvén continuum during frequency chirping
Authors: Wang X Q , Wang H , Todo Y , Xu Y , Wang J L , Liu H F , Huang J , Zhang X , Liu H , Cheng J , Tang C J 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Toroidal Alfvén eigenmodes excited by energetic particles (EPs) and their transition to energetic particle modes are investigated using a three-dimensional nonlinear kinetic-magnetohydrodynamic hybrid simulation code. Both the symmetric chirping inside the Alfvén continuum gap for upward and downward directions and the asymmetric chirping affected by the Alfvén continuum are found in the simulations depending on the EP drive and the mode damping. For weak drive and damping, symmetric frequency chirping is observed with a chirping rate consistent with the Berk–Breizman theory (Berk et al 1997 Phys. Lett. A
234 213). For moderate drive and damping, upward chirping is dominant because downward chirping is interrupted by interaction with the Alfvén continuum. For strong drive and damping, two branches of frequency chirping are found for different poloidal harmonics. The dominant chirping is downward into the Alfvén continuum and the other is an upward chirping inside the Alfvén continuum gap. The creation and the propagation of holes and clumps are found in EP phase space, which is qualitatively consistent with the Berk–Breizman theory.
Efficient experimental sampling through low-rank matrix recovery
Authors: Wübbeler Gerd , Elster Clemens 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Low-rank matrix recovery allows a low-rank matrix to be reconstructed when only a fraction of its elements is available. In this paper, an approximate Bayesian approach to low-rank matrix recovery is developed and its potential benefit for an application in metrology explored. The approach extends a recently proposed Bayesian low-rank matrix recovery procedure by utilizing a Gaussian Markov random field (GMRF) prior. The GMRF prior accounts for spatial smoothness, which is relevant for applications such as quantitative magnetic resonance imaging and nano Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The approach proposed here is automatic in that its hyperparameters are estimated from the data. Application to nano-FTIR spectroscopy demonstrates that the effort required to perform experiments in the time-consuming measurement of multi-dimensional data can be reduced significantly. Software for the proposed approach is available upon request.
Role of zonal flow staircase in electron heat avalanches in KSTAR L-mode plasmas
Authors: Qi Lei , Choi M.J. , Kwon Jae-Min , Hahm T.S. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The first principle nonlinear gyrokinetic numerical simulation successfully reproduces the experimental observations of non-diffusive large scale avalanching events in a KSTAR MHD-quiescent L-mode plasma. Power law scaling of electron temperature fluctuation δT
e and Hurst exponent factor H from simulation and experiment are in good agreement. In addition, the simulation verifies that the global pattern of mean zonal flow is corrugated with staircase-like structure and responsible for the creased profile of δT
e, which is also observed in the experiment. We report on a novel finding that the zonal flow staircase constrains the radial extent of electron heat avalanches through shearing the electron temperature gradient fluctuation, while previous studies were mostly on ion heat transport.
Improved performance of electron cyclotron resonance heating by perpendicular injection in the Large Helical Device
Authors: Tsujimura T.I. , Yanai R. , Mizuno Y. , Tanaka K. , Yoshimura Y. , Tokuzawa T. , Nishiura M. , Sakamoto R. , Motojima G. , Kubo S. , Shimozuma T. , Igami H. , Takahashi H. , Yoshinuma M. , Ohshima S. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
A real-time interlock system for power injection in electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH) was developed to be applied to Large Helical Device (LHD) plasma. This system enabled perpendicular injection, thus improving the performance of ECRH more than has ever been achieved before in LHD. Perpendicular propagation of the electron cyclotron wave at 77 GHz became more insensitive to the effect of refraction in comparison to the conventional oblique propagation. The achieved central electron temperature in the case of perpendicular injection was approximately 2 keV higher than that in the case of standard oblique injection for a central electron density of 1 × 1019 m−3 by 1 MW injection. With such improved performance of ECRH, high-density ECRH plasma of 8 × 1019 m−3 was successfully sustained after the injection of multiple hydrogen ice pellets for the first time in LHD.
Prospects for the use of methane conversion for increasing energy and environmental efficiency of energy installations
Authors: Biryuk V V , Tsybizov Yu I , Sheludko L P , Yu Livshits M 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The reduction of proven hydrocarbon reserves stimulates research on the implementation of the comprehensive program “Hydrogen Energy and Fuel Cells”. The high calorific value of hydrogen and the ecological purity of its combustion products determine the prospects of using hydrogen fuel in large-scale and small-scale energetic.
Device for optical monitoring of the level and volume of liquid in a tank
Authors: Borminsky S A , Parshina A V 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The article reviews theoretical base and practical implementation of device, that allows to perform optical control of level and volume of tank filling with liquid. The device implements a method, based on analysis of liquid’s mirror image. This image is shot with a camera, randomly installed in the tank. The method is also based on tank’s sectional areas data at various filling levels. Mathematical model presented in the article establishes relationship between parameters described and target values of tank level and volume. To confirm theoretical principles, there are presented results of experimental research. Experimental studies were carried out using a prototype device, monitoring level and volume of a cylindrical tank, with a diameter of 700 mm and a height of 1000 mm.
Justification of the capacity of wind-driven power-plants as part of an autonomous energy complex
Authors: Yu Ignatov V , Vdovenko I A , Nikolaev Yu E 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The article considers the way of reliable energy supply of small towns by the development of an autonomous energy complex. It consists of a source using organic fuel and a source based on renewable energy. An urgent issue of such a combination is to determine the optimal ratio of installed capacity. Here we have developed the methodology to solve it. The daily and annual quantitative parameters of the autonomous energy complex were calculated, including gas turbines, wind power plants, and peak boilers. Taking into account the reservation of electric power, the optimal value of the wind turbine relative power was determined and appeared to be in the range of 0.45–0.55.
Analysis of experimental data on the hydrodynamics in a horizontal steam generator using the STEG code
Authors: Tung Le Thanh , Melikhov V I , Melikhov O I , Nerovnov A A 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The new model of interfacial drag is proposed and implemented in the STEG code based on the 3D two-fluid model is presented. Experimental data obtained at the PGV test facility is used for validation of the modified STEG code. The PGV test facility comprises a model of the horizontal steam generator used for Russian type water-water energetic reactors. A quantitative comparison with experimental values of void fractions has been performed. It can be argued that the results generally indicate the relatively good predictive ability of the modified STEG code.
Collapse of a hot vapor bubble in subcooled liquid
Authors: Chung Le T , Melikhov V I , Melikhov O I , Yakush S E 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Numerical simulations are performed for a spherical bubble containing hot vapor in subcooled water. Unlike conventional cavitation problems, the initial pressure in the bubble and surrounding liquid are equal to each other. The physical mechanism for the appearance of pressure difference driving the bubble collapse is rapid cooling and condensation of vapor in the bubble. A model for the fluid dynamics and thermal processes in the bubble and in the liquid is presented. The governing equations are solved numerically in the transformed coordinates where the bubble size remains constant, with the Rayleigh-Plesset equation describing the time evolution of bubble radius. The effect of the initial superheat of vapor in the bubble with respect to the saturation temperature is studied. The bubble collapse of hot vapor is compared with an idealized case, resembling collapse of a cavitation bubble. Estimates for the kinetic energy of liquid gained in the course of bubble collapse are obtained. The results are applicable to the evaluation of the perturbations to spreading melt surface due to interaction with the unstable water-vapor interface, and to the evaluation of the premixing zone in the stratified steam explosions.
Comparative exergy analysis of the processes of heating reserve liquid fuel using various coolants at thermal power plants
Authors: Orlov M E 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In this paper the technologies for heating reserve liquid fuel at a thermal power plants are proposed. Provision is made to implement a transition from fuel oil to another reserve fuel that does not require high-temperature heating at thermal power plants. A comparative analysis of the traditional scheme of heating reserve fuel with industrial steam and other coolants was carried out. The analysis was carried out using the exergy method, which allows taking into account different types of power. Exergy flows, exergy losses and exergy coefficient of efficiency are calculated for traditional and proposed technologies of reserve fuel heating.