bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low aflatoxin levels and flowering delay inAspergillus flavus-resistant maize lines are correlated with increased corn earworm damage and enhanced seed fumonisin content
Authors: Chalivendra Subbaiah , Huang Fangneng , Busman Mark , Williams W. Paul , Ham Jong Hyun , Moore Geromy G. 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACTPreharvest mycotoxin contamination of field-grown crops is influenced not only by the host genotype, but also inoculum load, insect pressure and their confounding interactions with seasonal weather. In two field trials, we observed a preferred natural infestation of specific maize (Zea maysL.) genotypes by corn earworm (Helicoverpa zeaBoddie) and investigated this unexpected interaction. These studies involved four maize lines with contrasting levels of resistance toAspergillus flavus. The resistant lines had 7 to 14-fold greater infested ears than the susceptible lines. However, seed aflatoxin B1levels, in mock- orA. flavus-inoculated ears were consistent with maize genotype resistance toA. flavus. Further, the corn earworm-infested ears had greater levels of fumonisin content in seeds than uninfested ears, indicating that the insect may have vectored nativeFusarium verticillioidesinoculum. The two maize lines with heavy infestation showed delayed flowering. The availability of young silk for egg-laying could have been a factor in the pervasive corn earworm damage of these lines. At the same time,H. zealarvae reared on AF-infused diet showed decreasing mass with increasing AF and >30% lethality at 250 ppb. In contrast, corn earworm was tolerant to fumonisin with no significant loss in mass even at 100 ppm, implicating the low seed aflatoxin content as a predominant factor for the prevalence of corn earworm infestation and the associated fumonisin contamination inA. flavusresistant lines. These results highlight the need for integrated strategies targeting mycotoxigenic fungi and their insect vectors to enhance the safety of crop commodities.IMPORTANCEAspergillusandFusariumspp. not only cause ear rots in maize leading to crop loss, they can also contaminate the grain with carcinogenic mycotoxins. Incorporation of genetic resistance into breeding lines is an ideal solution for mycotoxin mitigation. However, the goal is fraught by a major problem. Resistance for AF or FUM accumulation is quantitative and contributed by several loci with small effects. Our work reveals that host phenology (flowering time) and insect vector-mycotoxin interactions can further confound breeding efforts. A host genotype even with demonstrable resistance can become vulnerable due to seasonal variation in flowering time or an outbreak of chewing insects. Incorporation of resistance to a single mycotoxin accumulation and not pairing it with insect resistance may not adequately ensure food safety. Diverse strategies including host-induced silencing of genes essential for fungal and insect pest colonization and broad-spectrum biocontrol systems need to be considered for robust mycotoxin mitigation.
An empirical investigation on learning and teaching lean manufacturing
Authors: Luz Tortorella Guilherme , Miorando Rogério , Fettermann Diego , Tlapa Mendoza Diego 
Published: February 2020

PurposeThis article identifies the association between two methods for teaching lean manufacturing (LM): problem-based learning (PBL) and classroom lectures, and students' learning styles of a postgraduate course.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from graduate students LM courses that present different teaching approaches. Thus, students' learning preferences were gathered through the application of the Index of Learning Style questionnaire, and their performance assessed after each course.FindingsResults indicate that learning styles are indeed associated with LM teaching approaches, and comprehending interaction effects between learning style dimensions is essential for properly adapting the teaching method. However, these interactions have different extensions.Originality/valueAlthough teaching LM has significantly evolved over the past decades, the single application of traditional teaching methods jeopardizes learning effectiveness of graduate students because of the practical nature of LM. This study provides evidence to better understand the effect of complementary teaching methods and their relationship with students' preferences, empirically examining that there is not one best approach for understanding LM.
Hybrid nanofluid flow and heat transfer over a permeable biaxial stretching/shrinking sheet
Authors: Waini Iskandar , Ishak Anuar , Pop Ioan 
Published: February 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the axisymmetric flow and heat transfer of a hybrid nanofluid over a permeable biaxial stretching/shrinking sheet.

Design/methodology/approach
In this study, 0.1 solid volume fraction of alumina (Al2O3) is fixed, then consequently, various solid volume fractions of copper (Cu) are added into the mixture with water as the base fluid to form Cu-Al2O3/water hybrid nanofluid. The hybrid nanofluid equations are converted to the similarity equations by using the similarity transformation. The bvp4c solver, which is available in the Matlab software is used for solving the similarity equations numerically. The numerical results for selected values of the parameters are presented in tabular and graphical forms, and are discussed in detail.

Findings
It is found that dual solutions exist up to a certain value of the stretching/shrinking and suction parameters. The critical value λc < 0 for the existence of the dual solutions decreases as nanoparticle volume fractions for copper increase. The temporal stability analysis is performed to analyze the stability of the dual solutions, and it is revealed that only one of them is stable and physically reliable.

Originality/value
The present problem is new, original with many important results for practical problems in the modern industry.
Role of brand attachment in customers’ evaluation of service failure
Authors: Saavedra Torres Jose Luis , Rawal Monika , Bagherzadeh Ramin 
Published: February 2020

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the role of brand attachment as a relevant construct in customers’ evaluation after they face a service failure which impacts future consumer behaviors. It mainly answers the research question: does brand attachment cushion or amplify the effect of service failure on customers’ negative emotions?Design/methodology/approachA 2 × 2 × 2 experimental design was conducted. Data analysis was performed with ANOVA and moderated mediation.FindingsCustomer’s feelings toward a brand (brand attachment) that existed before a service failure occurred can regulate customer’s negative emotions especially when consumer attribute service failure to a controllable cause. This process minimizes the effect of service failure in customer’s satisfaction and consequently increase customer behaviors like word of mouth and loyalty intentions.Research limitations/implicationsAdding perceived intentionality as a service failure’s attribution could provide another layer of explanation of customer behavior. Also, an expanded study using a sector characterized by higher cost of change and permanent consumption could provide result’s generalizability.Practical implicationsBrand attachment should be included in the customer service strategy. In a service failure situation, brand attachment becomes part of the “service customer policy” helping customers to regulate their negative emotions.Originality/valueThis study fills the knowledge gap regarding the role of customers’ positive emotions toward brands when a service failure occurs. The current study extends branding literature by differentiating brand attachment role from coping tactics.
Consumers’ proneness to value corporate social responsibility as predictor of extra-role and intra-role behaviors
Authors: Silva Raquel , Azevedo António , Farhangmehr Minoo 
Published: February 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to discuss how the perceived importance of economic, ethical/legal and philanthropic dimensions of corporate social responsibility (CSR) can influence the consumer–brand identification (CBI) and the brand identity attractiveness (BI). Moreover, the paper examines how these constructs affect the in-role behaviors (purchasing intention), the extra-role behaviors (feedback, recommendation and word-of-mouth (WOM) and behavioral loyalty.

Design/methodology/approach
An online questionnaire collects data using a snow ball/convenience sampling method, obtained in 356 valid responses. The paper adopts both path analysis and structural equation modeling approaches.

Findings
The importance of CSR is positively correlated with perceived BI and is a significant predictor of loyalty. However, the results do not support the hypothesis that the CSR influences CBI.

Research limitations/implications
This study proposes a new model describing the antecedents and consequences of buying decision-making.

Practical implications
Consumers may want to reward those brands that direct part of their budgets to social causes or are truly concerned with the general well-being of society.

Social implications
The findings confirmed that social responsibility initiatives will improve the corporate image and reputation thus fostering the development of a sense of identification moderated by brand familiarity.

Originality/value
The major contribution of this paper relies on the proposed conceptual model that provides a holistic approach to the buying decision process, thus facilitating a deeper comprehension of the role of brand’s CSR practices, in particular in self-expression and emotional categories such as perfumes.
An integrated Lean, Green and Six Sigma strategies
Authors: Gaikwad Lokpriya , Sunnapwar Vivek 
Published: February 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present a systematic literature review and its analysis concerning a possible framework, compatibility, drivers and barriers for integrating three manufacturing strategies – Lean, Green and Six Sigma. In particular, analyzing current proposals and identifying the literature gaps in the existing literature from which future research directions and challenges have been suggested for developing a specific integrated framework for the Indian manufacturing industry.Design/methodology/approachThis study explores manufacturing strategic area in depth through literature review, which will point out to the better understanding of the compatibility and impact of these initiatives through the conceptual framework, on the performance of the manufacturing organization.FindingsThe review of shortlisted articles indicates that Lean, Green and Six Sigma (LGSS) strategies help the manufacturing organizations to compete in global markets through the impact of a sustainability strategy for their business. Various researchers provide evidence of challenges like cost reduction, quality improvement, on-time delivery, changing needs of the customers and scarce resources that can be overcome through these strategies to achieve overall business objectives.Research limitations/implicationsIn this research, only works of literature related to LGSS and sustainability have been studied so information related to linking between these strategies in manufacturing industries is limited.Practical implicationsHelp the manufacturing practitioners to deploy three strategies simultaneously in an environment when the linking among LGSS methods in manufacturing industries has not been established. Hence simultaneous deployment of these three strategies helps the organization to boost its operational and environmental performance.Social implicationsThe strategies, LGSS, will be adopted in the operational management to reduce both waste and pollution which will definitely help to society. It will highlight the need for cost effective and easy to implement solutions as well as brand building, which is one of the top incentives for LGSS, highlighting the importance of public perception of how companies operate.Originality/valueAn integrated framework of the LGSS will help the Indian manufacturing industries to improve performance and competitiveness in the global market.
A framework to retain the knowledge of departing knowledge workers in the manufacturing industry
Authors: Sumbal Muhammad Saleem , Tsui Eric , Durst Susanne , Shujahat Muhammad , Irfan Irfan , Ali Syed Muhammad 
Published: February 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to develop a conceptual framework on knowledge loss in a manufacturing sector based on three aspects: likelihood of knowledge loss, critical areas of knowledge loss and relevance of each of these knowledge areas in terms of utilization and alignment with organizational goals and strategy. Such a conceptual framework can be helpful to the practicing managers in understanding the types of knowledge that is lost of a given departing employee and thus deciding on a measure to retain the critical employees or capture their knowledge before they leave.

Design/methodology/approach
Using a case study approach, data has been collected from a multinational battery manufacturing company based in Hong Kong. Semi-structured interviews have been conducted and analyzed through CAQDAS ATLAS.ti to generate the themes which were then used to develop the conceptual framework.

Findings
The findings revealed that the likelihood factors of knowledge loss in the manufacturing sector include layoffs, retirement, immigration and job change. The critical areas of knowledge loss comprise the knowledge of relationships and networks, especially with the customers and suppliers, the technical knowledge (battery and process technology) and knowledge of management, among others. The relevance of each of these knowledge areas needs to be determined through proper analysis whether these knowledge areas are needed in future projects, up to date and aligned with organizational goals and strategy along with other factors.

Research limitations/implications
Using the developed conceptual framework, managers and executives can identify critical employees in the manufacturing sector and accordingly take some appropriate measures to retain their knowledge. Caution should be taken while applying the findings of this study in other industries and context.

Originality/value
This paper is an attempt to reduce the dearth of empirical studies by exploring knowledge retention in the manufacturing sector, especially in the development of proper conceptual frameworks to assess the potential knowledge loss of employees.
Food supplementation affects gut microbiota and immunological resistance to parasites in a wild bird species
Authors: Knutie Sarah A. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Supplemental feeding can increase the overall health of animals but also can have varying consequences for animals dealing with parasites. Furthermore, the mechanism mediating the effect of food supplementation on host–parasite interactions remains poorly understood.

The goal of the study was to determine the effect of food supplementation on host defences against parasitic nest flies and whether host gut microbiota, which can affect immunity, potentially mediates these relationships. In a fully crossed design, I experimentally manipulated the abundance of parasitic nest flies Protocalliphora sialia and food availability then characterized the gut microbiota, immune responses and nest parasite abundance of nestling eastern bluebirds Sialia sialis.

Food supplemented birds had 75% fewer parasites than unsupplemented birds. Parasite abundance decreased throughout the breeding season for unsupplemented birds, but abundance did not change throughout the season for supplemented birds.

Food supplementation increased overall fledging success. Parasitism had a sublethal effect on blood loss, but food supplementation mitigated these effects by increasing parasite resistance via the nestling IgY antibody response.

Food supplementation increased the gut bacterial diversity in nestlings, which was negatively related to parasite abundance. Food supplementation also increased the relative abundance of Clostridium spp. in nestlings, which was positively related to their antibody response and negatively related to parasite abundance.

Synthesis and applications. Overall, the results of this study suggest that food supplementation, especially early in the breeding season, increases resistance to parasitism during the early life stage of the host, which might be mediated by the gut microbiota. Wildlife food supplementation is a common pastime for humans worldwide and therefore it is important to understand the consequences of this activity on animal health. Furthermore, supplemental feeding could induce resistance to detrimental parasites (e.g. invasive parasites) in hosts when management of the parasite is not immediately possible.
Biocatalysis in the winemaking industry: Challenges and opportunities for immobilized enzymes
Authors: Ottone Carminna , Romero Oscar , Aburto Carla , Illanes Andrés , Wilson Lorena 
Published: February 2020

AbstractEnzymes are powerful catalysts already being used in a large number of industrial processes. Impressive advantages in enzyme catalysts improvement have occurred in recent years aiming to improve their performance under harsh operation conditions far away from those of their cellular habitat. Production levels of the winemaking industry have experienced a remarkable increase, and technological innovations have been introduced for increasing the efficiency at different process steps or for improving wine quality, which is a key issue in this industry. Enzymes, such as pectinases and proteases, have been traditionally used, and others, such as glycosidases, have been more recently introduced in the modern wine industry, and many dedicated studies refer to the improvement of enzyme performance under winemaking conditions. Within this framework, a thorough review on the role of enzymes in winemaking is presented, with special emphasis on the use of immobilized enzymes as a significant strategy for catalyst improvement within an industry in which enzymes play important roles that are to be reinforced paralleling innovation.
Clinical diagnosis and treatment recommendations for immune checkpoint inhibitor‐related hematological adverse events
Authors: Zhuang Junling , Du Jianhua , Guo Xiaoxiao , Zhou Jiaxin , Duan Lian , Qiu Wei , Si Xiaoyan , Zhang Li , Li Yue , Liu Xiaowei , Wang Hanping , Zhou Daobin , Zhang Li 
Published: February 2020

AbstractImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are able to reactivate the immune system, thereby enhancing the anti‐tumor effects. However, over‐activated T cells may induce immune‐related adverse events (irAEs). Hematological irAEs are rarely reported which mainly represent monolineage cytopenia or pancytopenia, including autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA), immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), neutropenia and aplastic anemia, sometimes even life‐threatening diseases such as hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Here, the clinical manifestations of hematological irAEs are summarized and recommendations for diagnosis and treatment proposed.Key pointsSignificant findings of the study• Hematological immune‐related adverse events (irAEs) caused by checkpoint inhibitors are rare and may sometimes be life‐threatening. This study summarizes the manifestations of hematological irAEs and proposes preliminary recommendations for diagnosis and treatment.What this study adds• Much still remains unknown regarding hematological irAEs caused by checkpoint inhibitors. This study delineates the overview of hematological irAEs, and provides practical treatment suggestions, in particular addressing the issue of rechallenge.
Clinical diagnosis and treatment recommendations for ocular toxicities of targeted therapy and immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy
Authors: Liu Xiaowei , Wang Zheng , Zhao Chan , Wang Hanping , Guo Xiaoxiao , Zhou Jiaxin , Duan Lian , Si Xiaoyan , Zhang Li , Li Yue , Wang Mengzhao , Zhang Meifen , Zhang Li 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe increased use of targeted therapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancers has brought new hope of survival to patients with advanced tumors. However, increasing numbers of immune‐related adverse events (irAEs) of these medications have been reported, affecting almost all human organs including the eye. These adverse effects may affect the entire ocular region, including the eyelid, eye lashes, conjunctiva, cornea, uvea, retina and optic nerve, and have thus far been largely ignored by patients and doctors. In this review, we summarize the characteristics of ocular diseases related to irAEs and advise on how to diagnose and manage these diseases.Key pointsThis review will enable clinical oncologists to recognize, diagnose, and manage targeted therapy and immune checkpoint inhibitor‐related ocular adverse events.
Ultrastructural studies on the pancreatic acini in duck (Anas boscas) and pigeon (Columba livia)
Authors: Beheiry Rasha Ragab , Salem Hoda Foad , Karkit Mayada Wahid 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe aim of this research work was to study the histological structure of the pancreatic acini by transmission electron microscope in two avian species, duck and pigeon. The specimens were collected and processed for electron microscopic study. The results showed that the acini of the two avian species were two types; the first one was an electron dense and the second one an electron lucent. The light acinar cells were larger in size than the dark cells. These cells contained centrally located ovoid nuclei with prominent nucleoli and abundant euchromatin. The cytoplasm was electron lucent, with many rough endoplasmic reticulum, polymorphic mitochondria. Numerous zymogen granules were distributed in the basal part and around the nucleus, so these cells considered active cells. The dark acinar cells were characterized by an electron dense cytoplasm. The most prominent cell organelle in these cells were the zymogen granules that appeared in different sizes while other organelles as mitochondria, and rough endoplasmic reticulum were inconspicuous or few, so these cells were considered as inactive cells. The nucleus with indented nuclear membrane located centrally with prominent nucleoli and abundant heterochromatin. Prominent intercellular spaces between the individual acinar cells, as well as well‐developed basement membrane separating the electron dense cells and the lumen contained the secretion between acinar cells. It could be concluded that the acinar cells in ducks and pigeons were divided into two types, that is, light and dark acinar cells which mainly attributed to the activity of these cells.
The Role of Land Tenure, Taxation, and Monetary Systems in Achieving and Enjoying Free Trade
Authors: Dodson Edward J. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractCivilizations rise and fall based on the effectiveness of their socio‐political arrangements and institutions. The institutions that matter most are the laws and customs that govern 1) production and exchange of goods (trade), 2) land tenure and the distribution of the surplus associated with it, 3) the levying of taxes to provide public goods and services, and 4) the monetary systems adopted to facilitate such activities. If those institutions distribute the benefits of civilization equitably to all members of society, the result is likely to be peace and prosperity. However, if the rules of a society are designed to protect the interests of an elite, conflict is likely to ensue. Unrestricted trade across national borders (“free trade”) has the potential to produce socially beneficial outcomes, but it is not sufficient to overcome systemic injustices associated with flawed systems of land tenure, taxation, and monetary management. This article makes use of historical examples to examine trade in relation to the other institutions to show why just social arrangements must be considered an essential part of trade policy.