bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maternal UPD of chromosome 7 in a patient with Silver‐Russell syndrome and Pendred syndrome
Authors: Zhang Chuan , Hao Shengju , Zhang Qinghua , Liu Furong , Zhou Bingbo , Xuan Feng , Xing Wang , Chen Xue , Wang Yan , Ma Panpan , Cao Zongfu , Ma Xu 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundSilver‐Russell syndrome (SRS) is a heterogeneous imprinting disorder featuring severe intrauterine and postnatal growth retardation and dysmorphic features. Pendred syndrome (PDS) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the SLC26A4 gene characterized by sensorineural hearing loss.MethodsKaryotyping analysis was performed to investigate any chromosomal abnormalities. Whole‐genome copy number variation and loss of heterozygosity were analyzed using an Affymetrix CytoScan 750 K Microarray. Variant screening was performed by targeted next‐generation sequencing on all known deafness‐causing genes.ResultsThe proband was a patient with SRS caused by maternal uniparental disomy 7. The PDS of the proband was caused by homozygous variant c.919‐2A > G of SLC26A4; both mutated alleles were inherited from his mother.ConclusionThis is the first report of uniparental disomy 7 leading to SRS and Pendred syndrome. Patients with intrauterine growth retardation or those born small for gestational age and exhibiting postnatal growth failure should undergo molecular testing to reach a clinical diagnosis.
Epidemiology and molecular identification of mycoplasma pneumoniae associated with respiratory infections in Zhejiang province, China, 2008‐2017
Authors: Jiang Qian , Yang Fangfang , Peng Yumeng , Dong XiaoYan , Ge Yumei 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIntroductionMycoplasma pneumoniae is a common cause of respiratory infections in humans. The aim of this study was to investigate the infection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) in patients with acute respiratory tract infections in Zhejiang Province from 2008 to 2017, and to provide evidence for the early diagnosis and prevention of MP pneumonia.MethodsMP‐DNA was detected in nasopharyngeal swabs of patients with acute respiratory tract infection by real‐time fluorescent PCR (TaqMan probe). Statistical analysis and epidemiological investigation were carried out on the test results.ResultsThere were 10 296 patients with acute respiratory tract infection in Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital from 2008 to 2017, including 4387 females and 5909 males. A total of 1251 MP‐DNA–positive patients were detected, with a total positive rate of 12.2% (1251/10296). Among 1251 patients with MP infection, 571 were female positive, with an average positive rate of 13.0% (571/4387), and 680 were male positive, with a positive rate of 11.5% (680/5909). From 2008 to 2017, the positive rates were 22.8% (33 cases), 20.9% (211 cases), 20.9% (350 cases), 5.5% (70 cases), 11.7% (136 cases), 15.2% (190 cases), 7.8% (94 cases), 5.9% (62 cases), 7.8% (56 cases), and 6.0% (49 cases), respectively. Of 1251 MP‐DNA–positive patients, 1243 (99.4%) were younger than 18 years old.ConclusionsMycoplasma pneumoniae infection mainly occurs from late summer to autumn and in the age below 18 years, suggesting that early diagnosis and prevention of MP infection in adolescents should be emphasized.
Higher education and ethnicity: A case study with Aymara students
Authors: Álvarez Díaz Andrea , Storey Meza Roberto 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe aim to understand the strategies that Aymara students have developed to overcome the vulnerability in access and permanence in higher education. For Aymara students, references external to the institution act as protection factors of the support network that decisively determine their adaptation to the educational environment. Methodologically, this study accounts for a case study in northern Chile regions, using biographical interviews to build the narrative regarding the university experience of the students. Main highlights establish that though ethnic–racial and socioeconomic dimensions intersect in the significance of student's vulnerability important sources of identity reinforce their resilience, subjectivities, and empowerment processes. We conclude that the learning experience is not developed exclusively in the educational institution, but it is the socioaffective space linked to the peers, the family and the community which have a decisive role, which in the case of the Aymara students, acquires an intercultural nature.
The effect of liquid medium on vibration and control of the AFM piezoelectric microcantilever
Authors: Korayem Alireza Habibnejad , Ghasemi Pouya , Korayem Moharam Habibnejad 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis article investigates the vibration motion and control of the piezoelectric microcantilever (MC) of the atomic force microscope in the amplitude mode in a liquid environment for both free and forced vibrations. The modeled MC includes two electrode layers, a piezoelectric layer, and the geometric discontinuities as a result of these layers and the change in the MC cross section at the probe‐MC contact point is modeled. The equations of motion are derived using Hamilton's principle and then discretized with the aid of the finite element method. The system frequency and time response in the free vibration mode when placed in a liquid medium are compared with experimental results. Also, the sample surface topography in the noncontact mode, when passing through the surface roughness, has been modeled as rectangular and wedge‐shaped. Furthermore, the control of piezoelectric MC in two cases of near and far from the sample surface is examined. In the case of far from the surface, the system is controlled using the piezoelectric layer installed on the beam, whereas in the case of near the surface, the piezo is turned off due to the existence of nonlinear forces such as Van der Waals and Derjaguin, Muller, and Toporov contact forces and the control is achieved through the base excitation. For system control modeling, the robust fuzzy sliding mode control (FSMC) approach is utilized and the results are compared with those of the simple sliding mode control (SMC) as well as proportional, integral, and derivative control. The presented FSMC approach can remarkably reduce the chattering phenomenon at the SMC input in the liquid medium and accordingly improve the results compared to the other two methods.
Quality of life in postostomy surgery patients: A cross‐sectional survey
Authors: Aluzaite Kristina , Nuttall James W , O'Connor Maree , Harvie Ruth , Schultz Michael 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackground and AimOstomy is a radical treatment that is sometimes required due to severe inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), colorectal cancer (CRC), and so on. Around 8000 people in New Zealand live with stoma bags. We studied factors associated with poor quality of life (QoL) in ostomy patients to improve patient care.MethodsEligible adult patients identified through the Southern District Health Board database were invited to participate. The survey consisted of the general stoma QoL, IBD, CRC QoL, and dietary and lifestyle questionnaires.ResultsResponse rate was 54.5% (n = 241/448). Study participants were a mean (SD) 70.9 (14.2) years old, 60.6% were male, and 89.5% were New Zealand European; 52.5% of the study participants had a colostomy, and 56.4 and 22.4% received their stoma due to CRC and IBD, respectively. Median (first–third interquartile range) duration since ostomy for overall study sample was 6.9 (3.3–15.1) years. Mean (SD) Stoma‐QoL score for all the patients was 60.3 (10.8) points (scale 20–80). Stoma‐underlying disease (P = 0.28) and type of stoma (P = 0.60) were not associated with Stoma‐QoL scores. Older adults had higher Stoma‐QoL, IBD questionnaire and QLQ‐C30 quality‐of‐life scores; 73.1% received dietary recommendations for the stoma, And 56.4% changed their diet, 51.4% found it easy to adhere to dietary recommendations, and 9.2% found it quite/very difficult.ConclusionThis study found high‐quality life scores in postostomy patients and no significant association between the underlying disease, time since ostomy, level of comorbidities, and how the appliance worked, which highlight the multifactorial nature of the quality of life concept and difficulties measuring it.
Efficacy and safety of elbasvir/grazoprevir in treatment‐naive Chinese adults with hepatitis C virus infection: A randomized trial
Authors: Wei Lai , Jia Ji Dong , Duan Zhong Ping , Wang Fu Sheng , Niu Jun Qi , Xie Wen , Huang Wen Xiang , Zhang Ming Xiang , Huang Yan , Wang Mao Rong , Wu Shan Ming , Zhao Ying Ren , Jia Zhan Sheng , Zhao Xu Min , Mu Sheng Mei , Liang Li Wen , Wang Zaiqi , Puenpatom Amy , Hwang Peggy , Robertson Michael N. , Ingravallo Paul , Asante‐Appiah Ernest , Wei Bo , Evans Barbara , Hanna George J. , Talwani Rohit 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackground and AimIn China, clinical experience with direct‐acting antiviral treatments for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is still emerging. C‐CORAL is a phase 3, multinational, placebo‐controlled, double‐blind trial of elbasvir/grazoprevir (EBR/GZR) in participants with HCV infection from the Asia‐Pacific region and Russia. Here, we report the data from participants enrolled in China.MethodsTreatment‐naive participants with chronic HCV genotype (GT) 1, GT4, or GT6 infection were randomly assigned to receive 50 mg EBR/100 mg GZR for 12 weeks (immediate‐treatment group, ITG) or placebo followed by deferred treatment with EBR/GZR (deferred‐treatment group, DTG). The primary efficacy end‐point was sustained virologic response at 12 weeks after completing treatment (SVR12), and the primary safety end‐point was a comparison of safety between participants receiving EBR/GZR and placebo (NCT02251990; Protocol PN‐5172‐067).ResultsA total of 152 participants in China were randomly assigned (ITG, n = 115; DTG, n = 37). SVR12 was achieved in 96.7% (146/151) participants overall and in 97.3% (142/146) of those with GT1b infection. Four participants relapsed (GT1b, n = 3; GT6a, n = 1). Drug‐related AEs were reported in 25 (21.7%) and 9 (24.3%) participants receiving EBR/GZR and placebo, respectively; no drug‐related serious adverse events (AEs) occurred. Two (1.7%) participants receiving EBR/GZR had late hepatic transaminase elevations. Patient‐reported outcomes indicate improved quality of life at follow‐up week 4 in participants receiving EBR/GZR compared to placebo.ConclusionEBR/GZR administered for 12 weeks represents a highly effective and safe treatment option for Chinese individuals with HCV GT1 infection.
Regional climate model simulation of soil moisture and its application in drought reconstruction across China from 1911 to 2010
Authors: Wang Aihui , Kong Xianghui 
Published: July 2020

AbstractRegional climate model has been widely used to simulate terrestrial water cycles, but its simulations used in the long‐term agriculture drought reconstruction have not been investigated in China. This study presents an analysis of soil moisture (SM) drought in China during 1911–2010 on the basis of the simulations from the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model driven by two twentieth century reanalysis products. Comparisons of modelled SM with station observations indicate that WRF has certain capability in reproducing its magnitudes and temporal variabilities. Model performance are greatly impacted by lateral boundary conditions. The average SM derived from two experiments is closer to observations than the individual one and thus they are then applied in drought investigation. During the study period, SM shows a wetting tendency from northwestern to central eastern China, while it displays a drying tendency in the northeast, western Tibetan Plateau, and part of southeastern China. The spatial pattern of number drought events resembles that of annual precipitation, showing an increasing tendency from northwestern (arid) to southeastern (humid) regions. In arid regions, drought events are generally prolonged and frequent but less severe. In humid regions, in contrast, drought events usually persist less than 6 months and are less frequent but relatively severe. During the examined 100‐year period, roughly 28.4, 28.9 and 38.4% of land areas in China show significant trends for duration, severity, and frequency, respectively (p > .8). Both drought duration and severity show decreasing tendencies in vast regions, and the land areas showing increased drought frequency is slightly less than that of areas showing its decreased tendency. This study is a first attempt to apply regional climate modelling to investigate a centennial long SM change in China and presents a new way to explore long‐term drought characteristics and their changes.
Graphene‐coated Au nanoparticle‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Zhang Yue‐Jiao , Chen Qing‐Qi , Chen Xing , Wang An , Tian Zhong‐Qun , Li Jian‐Feng 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSurface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a powerful surface analytical technique; however, its lack of material and morphological generality is a longtime limitation. The invention of shell‐isolated nanoparticle‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SHINERS) using silica shell‐encapsulated Au nanoparticles (NPs) overcomes these problems. Whereas, it is difficult to obtain a silica shell (less than 1 nm thick) without pinholes for generating extremely high SERS enhancements. Graphene is one of the most promising two‐dimensional materials, which has a single‐atom layer thickness. Moreover, graphene can provide additional SERS chemical enhancement. Herein, we prepared graphene‐coated Au (Au@G) NPs via chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The graphene shell thickness could be controlled from a few layers to multilayers, and the Au@G SERS activities were characterized using mercaptobenzoic acid (MBA) as a probe molecule. Both the pH and high‐temperature stabilities of the Au@G nanoparticles were characterized. Also, Pt‐on‐Au@G satellite structures were developed via a self‐assembly method. Whereby Au@G nanoparticles were coated with Pt nanocatalysts, and this bifunctional SERS substrate could be used to monitor in situ catalytic reaction mechanisms occurring on the Pt surface.
Dual‐view integral imaging display based on point light sources
Authors: Wu Fei , Liu Ze‐Sheng , Yu Jun‐Sheng 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe propose a dual‐view integral imaging display based on point light sources. The proposed dual‐view integral imaging display is composed of an organic light‐emitting diode and a liquid crystal panel. The point light sources are displayed on the organic light‐emitting diode. The elemental images 1 and 2, which are captured from three‐dimensional scenes 1 and 2, are alternatively aligned on the liquid crystal panel in the horizontal direction. Two adjacent elemental images 1 and 2 are coupled and corresponded to one point light source. The coupled elemental images 1 and 2 are illuminated by the corresponding point light source. It satisfies the practical applications that the viewing zones are respectively located at the left and right of the proposed dual‐view integral imaging display. A prototype of the proposed dual‐view integral imaging display is developed, and good verifying results are obtained.
Mortality of high‐risk orthopaedic oncology patients during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Stevenson Jonathan D. , Evans Scott , Morris Guy , Tillman Roger , Abudu Adesegun , Jeys Lee , Parry Michael 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesShould the threshold for orthopaedic oncology surgery during the coronavirus disease‐2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic be higher, particularly in men aged 70 years and older? This study reports the incidence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) during, respiratory complications and 30‐day mortality during the COVID‐19 pandemic.MethodsThis prospective observational cohort study included 100 consecutive patients. The primary outcome measure was 14‐day symptoms and/or SARS‐CoV‐2 test. The secondary outcome was 30‐day postoperative mortality.ResultsA total of 100 patients comprising 35 females and 65 males, with a mean age of 52.4 years (range, 16‐94 years) included 16 males aged greater than 70 years. The 51% of patients were tested during their admission for SARS‐CoV‐2; 5% were diagnosed/developed symptoms of SARS‐CoV‐2 during and until 14 days post‐discharge; four were male and one female, mean age 41.2 years (range, 17‐75 years), all had primary malignant bone or soft‐tissue tumours, four of five had received immunosuppressive therapy pre‐operatively. The 30‐day mortality was 1% overall and 20% in those with SARS‐CoV‐2. The pulmonary complication rate was 3% overall.ConclusionsWith appropriate peri‐operative measures to prevent viral transmission, major surgery for urgent orthopaedic oncology patients can continue during the COVID‐19 pandemic. These results need validating with national data to confirm these conclusions.
Dried plum mitigates spinal cord injury‐induced bone loss in mice
Authors: Liu Xuhui , Liu Mengyao , Turner Russell , Iwaniec Urszula , Kim Hubert , Halloran Bernard 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSpinal cord injury (SCI) is accompanied by rapid loss of bone and increased risk of low impact fractures. Current pharmacological treatment approaches have proven to be relatively ineffective in preventing or treating bone loss after SCI. Dietary supplementation with dried plum (DP) has been shown to have dramatic effects on bone in various other disease models. In this study, we tested the efficacy of DP in preventing bone loss after SCI and restoring bone that has already been lost in response to SCI. Male C57BL/6J mice (3‐month‐old) underwent SCI and were fed a diet containing 25% DP by weight or a control diet for up to 4 weeks to assess whether DP can prevent bone loss. To determine whether DP could restore bone already lost due to SCI, mice were put on a control diet for 2 weeks (to allow bone loss) and then shifted to a DP supplemented diet for an additional 2 weeks. The skeletal responses to SCI and dietary supplementation with DP were assessed using microCT analysis, bone histomorphometry and strength testing. Dietary supplementation with DP completely prevented the loss of bone and bone strength induced by SCI in acutely injured mice. DP also could restore a fraction of the bone lost and attenuate the loss of bone strength after SCI. These results suggest that dietary supplementation with DP or factors derived from DP may prove to be an effective treatment for the loss of bone in patients with SCI.
The Relevance of and Surgical Approach to the Suprahyoid Region in Thyroglossal Duct Surgery
Authors: Koempel Jeffrey A. , Brooks Jennifer , Snow Mikel H. , Osterbauer Beth , Garcia Erick , Bawab Ramzi , Shows Jared , Parham David 
Published: July 2020

ObjectivesPersistent or recurrent disease following excision of a thyroglossal duct cyst/sinus (TGDC) is often found in the suprahyoid region. Cadaver dissections were performed to identify and name important surgical landmarks in the suprahyoid area; a histopathologic analysis of surgical specimens was completed to determine the incidence and extent of microscopic disease; and clinical outcomes were compared to determine the efficacy of a specific anatomic dissection.Study DesignRetrospective case series.MethodsStandardized dissections of four adult cadavers were performed. Consecutive surgical specimens were examined for evidence of microscopic TDGC disease in the suprahyoid region, measuring the greatest width and length of disease. A retrospective review of all consecutive TGDC procedures was completed.ResultsThe important surgical landmarks in the suprahyoid area were identified in all cadavers. Microscopic disease in the suprahyoid area was found in 79% (37 of 47) of surgical specimens. The mean greatest length and width of microscopic disease was 12.4 mm and 1.4 mm, respectively. Following identification of these landmarks, the incidence of recurrent or persistent disease decreased (P = .02) from 5% (8 of 159) to 0% (0 of 112).ConclusionThe majority of pediatric patients with a TGDC will have microscopic disease in the suprahyoid area. The surgical landmark of the fascial plane between the geniohyoid and genioglossus muscles demarcates the anterior and lateral borders of resection in the suprahyoid area. This approach can be used as a reliable and easily reproducible technique in TGDC surgery to increase confidence of achieving complete removal of disease in the suprahyoid area, avoiding persistent or recurrent disease and a revision procedure.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 131:553–558, 2021
Coordinating the ISM Code and OHSAS procedures to improve the occupational health and safety at sea
Authors: Gül Sait , Kabak Özgür , Topcu Y. Ilker 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAn occupational health and safety management system (OHSMS) is a set of people, resources, and policies interacting in an organized way to reduce damage and losses generated in the workplace. Although there are various OHSMSs in the shipping industry, the International Safety Management (ISM) Code which is managed by the International Maritime Organization is mandatory for all shipping companies. Occupational Health and Safety Assessment Series (OHSAS) 18,001:2007 is a good alternative to strengthen the implementation performance of the ISM Code. An integrated ISM‐OHSAS safety system can potentially construct a more powerful and practical OHSMS by redesigning safety procedures in ships as a workplace. This study aims to build a more comprehensive OHSMS for assessing and improving the safety at sea by coordinating the constituents of the ISM Code and OHSAS. The criteria sets of both systems are analysed using a Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory approach to reveal the relations between each other. The result of the proposed approach that represents the connections among important safety constituents may be very useful especially for shipping companies for designing their safety management processes.
Recent advances in natural anti‐HIV triterpenoids and analogs
Authors: Wu Hai‐Feng , Morris‐Natschke Susan L. , Xu Xu‐Dong , Yang Mei‐Hua , Cheng Yung‐Yi , Yu Shi‐Shan , Lee Kuo‐Hsiung 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) epidemic is one of the world's most serious health challenges. Although combination antiretroviral therapy provides effective viral suppression, current medicines used against HIV cannot completely eradicate the infectious disease and often have associated toxicities and severe side effects in addition to causing drug resistance. Therefore, the continued development of new antiviral agents with diverse structures and novel mechanisms of action remains a vital need for the management of HIV/AIDS. Natural products are an important source of drug discovery, and certain triterpenes and their analogs have demonstrated potential as pharmaceutical precursors for the treatment of HIV. Over the past decade, natural triterpenoids and analogs have been extensively studied to find new anti‐HIV drugs. This review discusses the anti‐HIV triterpenoids and analogs reported during the period of 2009–2019. The article includes not only a comprehensive review of the recent anti‐HIV agent development from the perspective of medicinal chemistry, but also discusses structure–activity relationship analyses of the described triterpenoids.