bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extended Version of a Test Battery for Visual Assessment of Postural Orientation Errors: Face Validity, Internal Consistency, and Reliability
Authors: Nae Jenny , Creaby Mark W , Ageberg Eva 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Objective
Undesirable postural orientation may be a risk factor for a second anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. The purpose of this study was to evaluate face validity, internal consistency, and interrater reliability of an extended version of a previous test battery for visual assessment of postural orientation errors (POEs) in patients during the late phase of rehabilitation following ACL reconstruction (ACLR) (ie, when they have initiated jumping exercises).

Methods
This study used a cross-sectional design. Fifty-three patients (45% women) in the late phase of ACLR rehabilitation performed 5 functional tasks of varying difficulty. POEs of the lower extremity and trunk were visually assessed from video and scored on a scale from 0 (good) to 2 (poor).

Results
The side-hop and 2 new POEs (femur medial to shank, femoral valgus) were added to the test battery after expert focus group discussions. Internal consistency was calculated for all tasks (α = .712–.823). Interrater reliability showed fair to substantial agreement for femur medial to shank and femoral valgus during all tasks (K = 0.31–0.815) and almost perfect agreement for side-hop (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.88).

Conclusions
The good internal consistency and reliability after adding side-hop, femur medial to shank, and femoral valgus suggests that this test battery is a suitable tool to quantify postural orientation throughout ACLR rehabilitation.

Impact
This test battery for visual assessment of POEs was evaluated in a heterogeneous group of patients in different phases of ACLR battery and can be used in clinical practice to measure POEs in patients with ACLR, including in the late phase of rehabilitation to return to sport. This study encourages research on more demanding tasks and additional POEs to cover the entire rehabilitation period after ACL injury or reconstruction.
Frontline workers sound the alarm: be always sure you’re right, then go ahead
Authors: Sfeir Maroun M 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Amid personal protective equipment shortage, clinicians, nurses, and other frontline workers across the world have faced threatening and/or firing for self-protection during this coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This perspective describes the different challenges that the stressed and overworked frontline workers encounter when they raise concerns despite being right. It also highlights the importance of communication and appropriate execution upon hearing those concerns.
Combating the effects of climate change versus caring for children
Authors: Ebel Katharina 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Climate change affects all regions of the world, particularly poor countries. It results in numerous environmental, social and economic effects, which are expected to intensify in the coming decades. What does this mean for foundations serving a specific purpose? Discussing the activities of SOS Children’s Villages (SOS), the author shows how the investments of the foundation Hermann-Gmeiner-Stiftung in SOS cannot only be limited to the organization’s core duty of caring for vulnerable children and families due to the interrelatedness between caring for children and working to combat the effects of climate change. She thereby shows that the interests of foundations and non-profit-organizations should not be one-dimensional when it comes to supporting causes.
Effects of feeding high-protein corn distillers dried grains and a mycotoxin mitigation additive on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and pork fat quality of growing–finishing pigs1
Authors: Yang Zhaohui , Urriola Pedro E , Hilbrands Adrienne , Johnston Lee J , Shurson Gerald C 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Two experiments investigated the effects of feeding diets containing 30% of novel high-protein distillers dried grains (HP-DDG) sources to growing–finishing pigs on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and pork fat quality. A four-phase feeding program was used in both experiments, and diets within phases were formulated based on National Research Council (NRC; 2012) recommendations for metabolizable energy and standardized ileal digestible amino acid content of HP-DDG. In Exp. 1, a total of 144 pigs (body weight [BW] = 20.3 ± 1.6 kg) were fed either corn-soybean meal control diets (CON) or 30% HP-DDG diets (HP-DDG) containing 0.7 mg/kg deoxynivalenol (DON), 0.1 mg/kg fumonisins (FUM), and 56 μg/kg zearalenone (ZEA) for 8 wk. On week 9, a mycotoxin mitigation additive (MA) was added to CON and HP-DDG diets, resulting in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments consisting of: CON, CON + MA, HP-DDG, and HP-DDG + MA. Pigs fed HP-DDG had lower (P &lt; 0.01) average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) compared with those fed CON during the first 8 wk. After MA was added to diets, pigs fed HP-DDG diets without MA had lower (P &lt; 0.05) overall ADG than those fed HP-DDG + MA and less (P &lt; 0.05) final BW than pigs fed CON or CON + MA. Adding MA to HP-DDG diets containing relatively low concentrations of mycotoxins was effective in restoring growth performance comparable to feeding CON. In Exp. 2, a different source of HP-DDG was used, and mycotoxin MAs were added to all diets at the beginning of the trial. A total of 144 pigs (BW = 22.7 ± 2.3 kg) were fed either a corn-soybean meal control diet or a 30% HP-DDG diet containing 0.5 mg/kg DON and 0.8 mg/kg FUM for 16 wk. Pigs fed HP-DDG diets had less (P &lt; 0.01) final BW and ADG than pigs fed CON, but there were no differences in ADFI. Feeding the HP-DDG diets reduced (P &lt; 0.01) hot carcass weight, carcass yield, longissimus muscle area (LMA), and percentage of carcass fat-free lean compared with pigs fed CON but did not affect backfat (BF) depth. Pigs fed HP-DDG had less (P &lt; 0.01) saturated fatty acid (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) content and greater (P &lt; 0.01) polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) and iodine value in BF than pigs fed CON. These results suggest that feeding diets containing relatively low concentrations of co-occurring mycotoxins can be detrimental to growth performance, and the addition of MA alleviated the growth reduction. Feeding 30% HP-DDG reduced BW, ADG, carcass yield, LMA, and percentage of fat-free lean of growing–finishing pigs but yielded acceptable pork fat quality.
19Disability Studies
Authors: Quirici Marion 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This chapter reviews major recent publications focused on madness and neurodiversity. It is organized into four sections that explore the boundaries of mad studies and disability studies. The first section, ‘Is Mad Studies Disability Studies?’, provides a brief introduction to mad studies and asks whether it should be considered a branch of disability studies or a separate field. The second section, ‘Voices’, reviews a special issue of the Journal of Ethics in Mental Health edited by Jijian Voronka and Lucy Costa to overview how various mad studies scholars are contesting and expanding the boundaries of the field. Who is the ‘us’ of ‘nothing about us without us’? Whose voices are included, and is inclusion enough? The third section, ‘Literatures’, reviews the anthology Literatures of Madness: Disability Studies and Mental Health, edited by Elizabeth J. Donaldson, and the monograph Black Madness :: Mad Blackness by Therí Alyce Pickens, calling for deeper attention to racial difference in mad studies and suggesting that real inclusion should be transformational. The fourth section, ‘Rhetorics’, goes outside the boundaries of mad and disability studies to review Jordynn Jack’s Raveling the Brain: Toward a Transdisciplinary Neurorhetoric. The chapter calls for future scholarship that is not only transdisciplinary but also attentive to the enmeshment of mind and body, madness and disability. I argue that, while the two fields should not be collapsed, disability studies should dialogue with mad studies wherever possible, and vice versa.
NICU Parent Preferences for Stakeholder Engagement in Research
Authors: Quinn Megan , Menon Usha 
Published: May 2020

Background:
Engagement of parents as stakeholders in the research process can help ensure that interventions are aligned with their needs and experiences, but little is known about their preferences for research collaboration.

Purpose:
The purpose of this qualitative, exploratory study was to explore former neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) parents' attitudes toward engagement as parent collaborators and identify potential barriers and facilitators to parent collaboration in research.

Methods:
Three focus groups and 3 interviews were conducted. Participants completed a demographic survey including information about their child's hospitalization. Parents were asked to discuss their NICU story, involvement in the parent community, experience with research, and factors influencing their decision to collaborate on a research study.

Results:
Nine parents completed the study. Participation was motivated by a desire to help other families. Recruitment suggestions included using parent organizations, social media networks, and advertising in the NICU. Facilitators to research engagement were passion about research topic, distance participation, affecting change, helping other parents, and compensation. Barriers included time constraints and unresolved trauma.

Implications for Practice:
NICU nurses can leverage their relationships with parents to act as liaisons between research teams and parents, helping recruit and encouraging them to form research partnerships.

Implications for Research:
Parents are interested in collaborating with neonatal research teams when they can improve experiences for other families and can see or help implement change. Researchers should be conscious of constraints on parents' ability to meet frequently or in person and offer accommodations such as conference calls and online training.
Accuracy of Transcutaneous Bilirubin Versus Serum Bilirubin Measurement in Preterm Infants Receiving Phototherapy
Authors: Hynes Sharon , Moore Zena , Patton Declan , O'Connor Tom , Nugent Linda 
Published: May 2020

Background:
Jaundice is a common condition among preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Total serum bilirubin (TSB) offers a gold standard tool for measurement, but blood sampling can be costly, time-consuming, and not without risks of infection and pain. Transcutaneous bilimeter (TcB) allows for noninvasive assessment of bilirubin. However, due to questions of accuracy the use of the TcB in preterm infants receiving phototherapy has not been widely adapted in the NICU.

Purpose:
To systematically review studies that measure TcB versus TSB bilirubin in preterm infants who are receiving phototherapy.

Methods:
A systematic electronic search of databases (CINAHL, EMBASE, Cochrane, Medline, PubMed) was completed for English language publications. No date limitation was placed on the search. Inclusion criteria were based on preterm infants that were in the NICU receiving or had recently received phototherapy.

Results:
Nine studies of different quantitative study designs were reviewed. A good to strong correlation between TcB and TSB in preterm infants receiving phototherapy was demonstrated. There was a stronger correlation found in studies that examined TcB in unexposed skin areas during phototherapy.

Implications for Practice:
TcB may allow for a reduction in blood sampling, which would reduce painful procedures, reduce the risk of infection and anemia resulting from repeated blood sampling. It also acts as a more time and cost-efficient measurement tool.

Implications for Research:
Larger scaled quantitative studies on the accuracy of TcB in preterm infants receiving phototherapy are needed to provide more evidence-based data and guide clinical practice on this topic.
Factors associated with the provision of inpatient care in hospices
Authors: He Mengying , O’Connor Stephen J. , Qu Haiyan , Menachemi Nir , Shewchuk Richard M. 
Published: May 2020

Background
Hospices provide end-of-life care to patients who have complex health care needs and whose symptoms are difficult to control. Understanding why some hospices offer inpatient hospice care to patients could bring more evidence for policy makers and researchers to focus on the role of inpatient care in hospice.

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to examine market and organizational factors that are associated with the provision of hospice inpatient care.

Methodology
This study used a retrospective, longitudinal design (2009–2013). The study sample was drawn from three data resources: the Area Health Resources Files, the Provider of Services files, and Hospice Cost Reports from Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. The sample size was 2,391 hospices or 10,999 hospice observations over 5 years. A generalized linear mixed-effects model was used to examine the association between market and organizational factors and hospice inpatient services offering.

Results
On average, 94.59% of hospices offer inpatient services to patients. Proportion of adults who were over 65 years old (OR = 1.12) and Medicare-managed care penetration (OR = 1.02) were positively associated with the provision of hospice inpatient services. The number of hospitals with hospice program was negatively related to hospice inpatient services offering (OR = .95). Other factors such as nursing skill mix, volunteer dependence, and census region were also associated with inpatient services offering.

Practice Implications
The age demand of hospice care and Medicare-managed care penetration are related to hospice inpatient services offering. Hospices located in the market with more competition from hospitals that offer hospice program are less likely to offer inpatient care.
Predictive Value of an Alternative Strategy for Measuring Depth and Size of Stage 1 Vulvar Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Skala Stephanie L. , Ebott Jasmine A. , Zhao Lili , Lieberman Richard W. 
Published: May 2020

Objectives
Despite poor reproducibility for measuring vulvar cancer depth, 1-mm or greater invasion triggers lymphadenectomy for small tumors. Previous literature suggests that measuring depth from the nearest dysplastic rete peg (alternative method) rather than highest dermal papilla (conventional method) may be acceptable.

Methods
Pathologic staging and follow-up information were recorded for 100 pT1 vulvar squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) resected from 1990 to 2019. Conventional depth, alternative depth, gross/clinical size, and size of the invasive component were measured for each tumor. In this retrospective study, we evaluated which clinicopathologic factors were most predictive of lymph node involvement and recurrence.

Results
Depending on the measurements used (conventional vs alternative depth, clinical lesion size vs cumulative extent of invasive component), between 1 and 18 cases were downstaged to pT1a. All such cases were pN0, without lymphovascular or perineural invasion. Infiltrative cords (hazard ratio [HR] = 5.15; 95% CI = 1.63–16.2; p = .005) and perineural invasion (HR = 3.16; 1.18–8.45; p = .022) were most strongly associated with groin recurrence. Of staging criteria evaluated, only cumulative extent of the invasive component 2 cm or greater was significantly associated with groin recurrence (HR = 2.87; 1.01–8.17; p = .048). The Kaplan-Meier curves for local recurrence-free survival by stage did not show significant separation regardless of method.

Conclusions
Patients downstaged using alternative measurement techniques lacked nodal disease/recurrence; one-third of those with nodal sampling experienced postoperative morbidity. Our data suggest that the use of alternative depth and cumulative extent of invasion could safely allow some conventional stage IB vulvar SCC patients to avoid groin surgery, thereby reducing treatment-related morbidity.
The Use of Random Forests to Identify Brain Regions on Amyloid and FDG PET Associated With MoCA Score
Authors: Zukotynski Katherine , Gaudet Vincent , Kuo Phillip H. , Adamo Sabrina , Goubran Maged , Scott Christopher J.M. , Bocti Christian , Borrie Michael , Chertkow Howard , Frayne Richard , Hsiung Robin , Laforce Robert , Noseworthy Michael D. , Prato Frank S. , Sahlas Demetrios J. , Smith Eric E. , Sossi Vesna , Thiel Alexander , Soucy Jean-Paul , Tardif Jean-Claude , Black Sandra E. 
Published: May 2020

Purpose
The aim of this study was to evaluate random forests (RFs) to identify ROIs on 18F-florbetapir and 18F-FDG PET associated with Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score.

Materials and Methods
Fifty-seven subjects with significant white matter disease presenting with either transient ischemic attack/lacunar stroke or mild cognitive impairment from early Alzheimer disease, enrolled in a multicenter prospective observational trial, had MoCA and 18F-florbetapir PET; 55 had 18F-FDG PET. Scans were processed using the MINC toolkit to generate SUV ratios, normalized to cerebellar gray matter (18F-florbetapir PET), or pons (18F-FDG PET). SUV ratio data and MoCA score were used for supervised training of RFs programmed in MATLAB.

Results

18F-Florbetapir PETs were randomly divided into 40 training and 17 testing scans; 100 RFs of 1000 trees, constructed from a random subset of 16 training scans and 20 ROIs, identified ROIs associated with MoCA score: right posterior cingulate gyrus, right anterior cingulate gyrus, left precuneus, left posterior cingulate gyrus, and right precuneus. Amyloid increased with decreasing MoCA score. 18F-FDG PETs were randomly divided into 40 training and 15 testing scans; 100 RFs of 1000 trees, each tree constructed from a random subset of 16 training scans and 20 ROIs, identified ROIs associated with MoCA score: left fusiform gyrus, left precuneus, left posterior cingulate gyrus, right precuneus, and left middle orbitofrontal gyrus. 18F-FDG decreased with decreasing MoCA score.

Conclusions
Random forests help pinpoint clinically relevant ROIs associated with MoCA score; amyloid increased and 18F-FDG decreased with decreasing MoCA score, most significantly in the posterior cingulate gyrus.
Porcine Small Intestinal Submucosa Mesh to Treat Inguinal Hernia in Young Adults Using Laparoscopic Inguinal Hernia Repair: A Retrospective Controlled Study
Authors: Liu Yuchen , Cao Zhen , Yang Huiqi , Shen Yingmo , Chen Jie 
Published: May 2020

Background:
The authors evaluated the effects and clinical value of small intestinal submucosa (SIS) mesh to treat inguinal hernia in young adults by the laparoscopic method.

Methods:
The clinical data of 357 cases with inguinal hernia using SIS mesh in our hospital were analyzed retrospectively from June 2014 to June 2018. All cases were divided into 2 groups according to the surgical method. Operation time, hospital stay, cost, postoperative complications, and complications during follow-up were analyzed.

Results:
Of the 357 patients, 202 (56.6%) underwent Lichtenstein repair and 155 (43.4%) underwent transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) repair. Operation time and hospital costs of the Lichtenstein group were significantly lower compared with the TAPP group (P<0.05). The incidence of seroma in the Lichtenstein group was lower than that in the TAPP group at 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months postoperatively with significant differences (P<0.05). Perioperative pain scores in the Lichtenstein group were higher than the TAPP group (P<0.05). No statistical difference was observed for hospital stay between 2 groups (P>0.05). In the Lichtenstein group, 1 case recurred during the follow-up period (0.5%). No intestinal obstruction or intestinal fistula occurred in any patient during the follow-up period.

Conclusion:
The effect of SIS mesh was positive whether the patient underwent a Lichtenstein or TAPP method. Seroma was more common in the TAPP method that may cause lower postoperative pain. Therefore, we recommend individualized treatment.
Nationwide analysis of cryopreserved packed red blood cell transfusion in civilian trauma
Authors: Hanna Kamil , Chehab Mohamad , Bible Letitia , Castanon Lourdes , Douglas Molly , Asmar Samer , Ditillo Michael , Tang Andrew , Joseph Bellal 
Published: May 2020

BACKGROUNDLiquid packed red blood cells (LPRBCs) have a limited shelf life and worsening quality with age. Cryopreserved packed red blood cells (CPRBCs) can be stored up to 10 years with no quality deterioration. The effect of CPRBCs on outcomes in civilian trauma is less explored. This study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of CPRBCs in civilian trauma patients.METHODSWe analyzed the (2015–2016) Trauma Quality Improvement Program, including adult (age, ≥18 years) patients who received a RBC transfusion within 4 hours of admission. Patients were stratified, those who received LPRBC and those who received CPRBC. Primary outcomes were 24-hour and in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes were major complications. Propensity matching was performed adjusting for demographics, vitals, blood components, injury parameters, comorbidities, and center parameters.RESULTSA total of 39,975 patients were identified, and a matched cohort of 483 was obtained. A total of 161 received CPRBC (CPRBC, 2 [2–4]; plasma, 2 [0–5]; platelets, 1 [0–2]) and 322 received LPRBC (LPRBC, 3 [2–6]; plasma, 3 [0–6]; platelets, 1 [0–2]). The mean age was 43 ± 22 years, 62% were men, Injury Severity Score was 18 (12–27), and 65% had a blunt injury. Patients who received CPRBC had similar 24-hour mortality (1.8% vs. 2.3%;p= 0.82) and in-hospital mortality (4.9% vs. 5.2%;p= 0.88). No difference was found in terms of complications (15.3% vs. 17.2%;p= 0.21) between the two groups.CONCLUSIONTransfusion of CPRBCs may be as safe and effective as transfusion of LPRBCs in moderately injured trauma patients. Cryopreservation has the potential to expand our transfusion armamentarium in diverse settings, such as periods of increased usage, disaster scenarios, and rural areas.LEVEL OF EVIDENCETherapeutic study, level III.