bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neue ESC/ERS-Leitlinien für Lungenembolie
Authors: Olschewski Horst 
Published: July 2020

ZusammenfassungIn den neuen ESC/ERS-Leitlinien (European Society of Cardiology/European Respiratory Society) für die Lungenembolie wurden die bisherigen Prinzipien und Empfehlungen aus dem Jahr 2014 in weiten Teilen übernommen, allerdings wird bei der Diagnostik nun empfohlen, altersadaptierte Grenzwerte für den d‑Dimer-Test und die YEARS-Kriterien zu erwägen. Bei der hämodynamisch stabilen Lungenembolie werden neue orale Antikoagulanzien (NOAK) als Therapie der ersten Wahl empfohlen, außer bei Vorliegen einer spezifische Kontraindikation, z. B. Nierenversagen oder Lupusantikoagulanssyndrom. In der Schwangerschaft und Stillzeit sind weiterhin nur niedermolekulare Heparine (LMWH) empfohlen. Für den Verdacht auf Lungenembolie in der Schwangerschaft wurde ein eigener Managementalgorithmus entwickelt. Nach der neuen Empfehlung zur langfristigen Nachkontrolle nach Lungenembolie soll bei bestimmten Kriterien eine weitere Diagnostik auf chronisch thromboembolische pulmonale Hypertonie (CTEPH) erfolgen.
Response of cells on a dense array of micro-posts
Authors: Vigliotti A. , Shishvan S. S. , McMeeking R. M. , Deshpande V. S. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe have analysed the response of cells on a bed of micro-posts idealized as a Winkler foundation using a homeostatic mechanics framework. The framework enables quantitative estimates of the stochastic response of cells along with the coupled analysis of cell spreading, contractility and mechano-sensitivity. In particular the model is shown to accurately predict that: (i) the extent of cell spreading, actin polymerisation as well as the traction forces that cells exert increase with increasing stiffness of the foundation; (ii) the traction forces that cells exert are primarily concentrated along the cell periphery; and (iii) while the total tractions increase with increasing cell area the average tractions are reasonably independent of cell area, i.e. for a given substrate stiffness, the average tractions that are normalized by cell area do not vary strongly with cell size. These results thus suggest that the increased foundation stiffness causes both the cell area and the average tractions that the cells exert to increase through higher levels of stress-fibre polymerization rather than the enhanced total tractions being directly linked through causation to the larger cell areas. A defining feature of the model is that its predictions are statistical in the form of probability distributions of observables such as the traction forces and cell area. In contrast, most existing models present solutions to specific boundary value problems where the cell morphology is imposed a priori. In particular, in line with observations we predict that the diversity of cell shapes, sizes and measured traction forces increase with increasing foundation stiffness. The homeostatic mechanics framework thus suggests that the diversity of observations in in vitro experiments is inherent to the homeostatic equilibrium of cells rather than being a result of experimental errors.
Ethical issues in assistive ambient living technologies for ageing well
Authors: Panico Francesco , Cordasco Gennaro , Vogel Carl , Trojano Luigi , Esposito Anna 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAssistive Ambient Living (AAL) in ageing refers to any device used to support ageing related psychological and physical changes aimed at improving seniors’ quality of life and reducing caregivers’ burdens. The diffusion of these devices opens the ethical issues related to their use in the human personal space. This is particularly relevant when AAL technologies are devoted to the ageing population that exhibits special bio-psycho-social aspects and needs. In spite of this, relatively little research has focused on ethical issues that emerge from AAL technologies. The present article addresses ethical issues emerging when AAL technologies are implemented for assisting the elderly population and is aimed at raising awareness of these aspects among healthcare providers. The overall conclusion encourages a person-oriented approach when designing healthcare facilities. This process must be fulfilled in compliance with the general principles of ethics and individual nature of the person devoted to. This perspective will develop new research paradigms, paving the way for fulfilling essential ethical principles in the development of future generations of personalized AAL devices to support ageing people living independently at their home.
On Two-Weight Norm Inequalities for Positive Dyadic Operators
Authors: Hänninen Timo S. , Verbitsky Igor E. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractLet σ and ω be locally finite Borel measures on ℝd, and let $p\in (1,\infty )$
p
∈
(
1
,
∞
)
and $q\in (0,\infty )$
q
∈
(
0
,
∞
)
. We study the two-weight norm inequality $ \lVert T(f\sigma ) \rVert _{L^{q}(\omega )}\leq C \lVert f \rVert _{L^{p}(\sigma )}, \quad \text {for all} f \in L^{p}(\sigma ), $
∥
T
(
f
σ
)

∥

L

q

(
ω
)

≤
C
∥
f

∥

L

p

(
σ
)

,

for all
f
∈

L

p

(
σ
)
,
for both the positive summation operators T = Tλ(⋅σ) and positive maximal operators T = Mλ(⋅σ). Here, for a family {λQ} of non-negative reals indexed by the dyadic cubes Q, these operators are defined by $ T_{\lambda }(f\sigma ):={\sum }_{Q} \lambda _{Q} \langle {f}\rangle ^{\sigma }_{Q} 1_{Q} \quad \text { and } \quad M_{\lambda }(f\sigma ):=\sup _{Q} \lambda _{Q} \langle {f}\rangle ^{\sigma }_{Q} 1_{Q}, $

T

λ

(
f
σ
)
:
=

∑

Q

λ

Q

〈
f
〉

Q

σ

1

Q

and

M

λ

(
f
σ
)
:
=

sup

Q

λ

Q

〈
f
〉

Q

σ

1

Q

,
where $\langle {f}\rangle ^{\sigma }_{Q}:=\frac {1}{\sigma (Q)} {\int \limits }_{Q} |f| d \sigma $

〈
f
〉

Q

σ

:
=

1

σ
(
Q
)

∫

Q

|
f
|
d
σ
. We obtain new characterizations of the two-weight norm inequalities in the following cases: (1) For T = Tλ(⋅σ) in the subrange q < p. Under the additional assumption that σ satisfies the $A_{\infty }$

A

∞

condition with respect to ω, we characterize the inequality in terms of a simple integral condition. The proof is based on characterizing the multipliers between certain classes of Carleson measures. (2) For T = Mλ(⋅σ) in the subrange q < p. We introduce a scale of simple conditions that depends on an integrability parameter and show that, on this scale, the sufficiency and necessity are separated only by an arbitrarily small integrability gap. (3) For the summation operators T = Tλ(⋅σ) in the subrange 1 < q < p. We characterize the inequality for summation operators by means of related inequalities for maximal operators T = Mλ(⋅σ). This maximal-type characterization is an alternative to the known potential-type characterization. The subrange of the exponents q < p appeared recently in applications to nonlinear elliptic PDE with $\lambda _{Q} = \sigma (Q) |Q|^{\frac {\alpha }{d}-1}$

λ

Q

=
σ
(
Q
)
|
Q

|

α

d

−
1

, α ∈ (0, d). In this important special case Tλ is a discrete analogue of the Riesz potential $I_{\alpha }=(-{\Delta })^{-\frac {\alpha }{2}}$

I

α

=

(
−
Δ
)

−

α

2

, and Mλ is the dyadic fractional maximal operator.
Novel coronavirus epidemic in the Hungarian population, a cross-sectional nationwide survey to support the exit policy in Hungary
Authors: Merkely Béla , Szabó Attila J. , Kosztin Annamária , Berényi Ervin , Sebestyén Andor , Lengyel Csaba , Merkely Gergő , Karády Júlia , Várkonyi István , Papp Csaba , Miseta Attila , Betlehem József , Burián Katalin , Csóka Ildikó , Vásárhelyi Barna , Ludwig Endre , Prinz Gyula , Sinkó János , Hankó Balázs , Varga Péter , Fülöp Gábor Áron , Mag Kornélia , Vokó Zoltán ,   for the HUNgarian COronaVirus-19 Epidemiological Research (H-UNCOVER) investigators
Published: July 2020

AbstractAfter months of restrictive containment efforts to fight the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) epidemic, European countries are planning to reopen. To support the process, we conducted a cross-sectional survey among the Hungarian population to estimate the prevalence of infectious cases and prior SARS-CoV-2 exposure. A representative sample (n = 17,787) for the Hungarian population of 14 years or older living in private households (n = 8,283,810) was selected. The study was performed within 16 days after 50 days of restrictions, when the number of confirmed cases was stable low. Naso- and oropharyngeal smears and blood samples were collected for PCR and antibody testing. The testing was accompanied by a questionnaire about symptoms, comorbidities, and contacts. Design-based prevalence estimates were calculated. In total, 10,474 individuals (67.7% taken into account a sample frame error of 2315) of the selected sample participated in the survey. Of the tested individuals, 3 had positive PCR and 69 had positive serological test. Population estimate of the number of SARS-CoV-2 infection and seropositivity were 2421 and 56,439, respectively, thus active infection rate (2.9/10,000) and the prevalence of prior SARS-CoV-2 exposure (68/10,000) was low. Self-reported loss of smell or taste and body aches were significantly more frequent among those with SARS-CoV-2. In this representative, cross-sectional survey of the Hungarian population with a high participation rate, the overall active infection rate was low in sync with the prevalence of prior SARS-CoV-2 exposure. We demonstrated a potential success of containment efforts, supporting an exit strategy. NCT04370067, 30.04.2020.
The 2039 A/G FSH receptor gene polymorphism influences glucose metabolism in healthy men
Authors: Cannarella Rossella , Musso Nicolò , Condorelli Rosita A. , Musmeci Marco , Stefani Stefania , Aversa Antonio , La Vignera Sandro , Calogero Aldo E. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Objective
To assess the role of c. 2039 A/G (p. Asp680Ser) (rs6166) and c. −29 G/A (rs1394205) follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in a cohort of healthy men.

Methods
One-hundred twenty-seven healthy men underwent evaluation of the anthropometric parameters, assessment of metabolic and lipid profile, measurement FSH serum levels, and genotyping of both the aforementioned FSHR SNPs. Data grouped according to the FSHR rs6166 or rs1394205 genotypes underwent to statistical analysis.

Main results
The three groups of men for each FSHR SNP did not differ statistically significantly for body mass index and serum FSH levels. As for FSHR rs6166 SNP, glucose levels were significantly lower in men with the GG genotype compared with those with the AA genotype. Men with AG had lower insulin levels and HOMA index values compared with those carrying the genotype AA (p < 0.05). The GG group showed a negative correlation between serum FSH levels and insulin and between serum FSH levels and HOMA index (p < 0.05). In contrast, men grouped according to the FSHR rs1394205 genotype showed no significant difference in blood glucose, serum insulin levels, and HOMA index. The AG group showed a negative correlation between FSH insulin and between serum FSH levels and HOMA index (p < 0.05).

Conclusions
Men with the genotype GG of the FSHR rs6166 SNP have lower blood glucose levels than those with the AA genotype. Their FSH levels inversely correlated with insulin and HOMA index. In contrast, the genotype FSHR rs6166 A/G did not reveal any role of FSH on glucose metabolism in healthy men. The inverse relationship between FSH and insulin or HOMA index in the group with the genotype GG of the FSHR rs6166 SNP suggests a possible cross-talk between FSH and insulin.
COVID-19 as part of the hyperferritinemic syndromes: the role of iron depletion therapy
Authors: Perricone Carlo , Bartoloni Elena , Bursi Roberto , Cafaro Giacomo , Guidelli Giacomo Maria , Shoenfeld Yehuda , Gerli Roberto 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSARS-CoV-2 infection is characterized by a protean clinical picture that can range from asymptomatic patients to life-threatening conditions. Severe COVID-19 patients often display a severe pulmonary involvement and develop neutrophilia, lymphopenia, and strikingly elevated levels of IL-6. There is an over-exuberant cytokine release with hyperferritinemia leading to the idea that COVID-19 is part of the hyperferritinemic syndrome spectrum. Indeed, very high levels of ferritin can occur in other diseases including hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, macrophage activation syndrome, adult-onset Still’s disease, catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome and septic shock. Numerous studies have demonstrated the immunomodulatory effects of ferritin and its association with mortality and sustained inflammatory process. High levels of free iron are harmful in tissues, especially through the redox damage that can lead to fibrosis. Iron chelation represents a pillar in the treatment of iron overload. In addition, it was proven to have an anti-viral and anti-fibrotic activity. Herein, we analyse the pathogenic role of ferritin and iron during SARS-CoV-2 infection and propose iron depletion therapy as a novel therapeutic approach in the COVID-19 pandemic.
Optimization of dissolved Radon monitoring in groundwater to contribute to the evaluation of the seismic activity: an experience in central-southern Italy
Authors: Barberio M. D. , Gori F. , Barbieri M. , Billi A. , Casalati F. , Franchini S. , Lorenzetti L. , Petitta M. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAnomalies in Radon (222Rn) concentrations prior to earthquakes have been widely documented in seismogenic areas worldwide, but questions about their predictability remain largely unanswered. Even if it is not universally accepted, the analysis of the high-resolution time series of Rn (222Rn) concentrations in groundwater, air and soil has been proposed as a suitable method to identify seismic precursors. This study, which is aimed at identifying potential gas-geochemical precursors to nearby earthquakes, analyses groundwater Rn concentrations, which were continuously measured between April 2017 and December 2019. We conducted a detailed time series analysis of dissolved Rn in two springs emerging along two active fault zones in the inner sector of the central-southern Apennines (i.e. the Matese and Morrone fault zones) in Italy. We used a simple statistical method to identify seismic precursor anomalies in Rn concentrations. Anomalies are commonly assumed as values exceeding ± 2σ. Furthermore, we calculated the strain radius (for which a gas-geochemical precursor was expected) and the epicentral distance (from both our monitoring stations) of each seismic event of Mw ≥ 3.5 that occurred in the monitoring area. Results from our ongoing research are promising and show significant correlations between seismic signals and Rn concentrations. However, longer time series data that include more energetic earthquakes are needed to shed light on the behaviour of this gas in relation to crustal deformation processes.
Gambling advertising during live televised male sporting events in Ireland: A descriptive study
Authors: Columb D. , Wong M. C. , O’Mahony V. , Harrington C. , Griffiths M. D. , O’Gara C. 
Published: July 2020

Objectives:There are no data relating to gambling advertisements shown during live sporting events in Ireland. The aim of the present study was to analyze gambling advertisements shown during live sporting events broadcast in Ireland and to assess these advertisements for responsible gambling (RG) practices.Methods:Sixty-five live televised sporting events comprising Association Football (soccer), Rugby Union, and Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) matches broadcast in Ireland were analyzed. Pre-match (up to 30 minutes before kick-off), half-time, and post-match (up to 30 minutes after the match has ended) advertisement breaks were analyzed for gambling advertisements, including in-game fixed (static advertising) and dynamic (electronic advertisements changing at regular intervals) pitch-side advertising. Gambling advertisements were studied for evidence of RG practices.Results:A total of 3602 television advertisements, 618 dynamic advertisements, and 394 static advertisements were analyzed. Gambling advertisements were shown in 75.4% (n = 49) games and were the seventh most commonly televised advertisement shown overall. Gambling advertising was more common in football (fourth most common advertisement) compared to rugby (12th most common) and GAA (13th most common). Static and dynamic gambling advertising were common during football matches (second and first most common advertisements, respectively). The majority of advertisements contained RG messaging, an age limit, and an RG organization. No advertisements showing responsible gambling tools were observed.Conclusions:Gambling advertisements are commonly shown during live televised sporting broadcasts in Ireland, especially during live football matches and typically before the adult television watershed. Gambling legislation is required to minimize harm to vulnerable groups including children.
A -ANALOGUE OF A DWORK-TYPE SUPERCONGRUENCE
Authors: WANG XIAOXIA , YUE MINGBING 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBy making use of the ‘creative microscoping’ method, Guo and Zudilin [‘Dwork-type supercongruences through a creative $q$-microscope’, Preprint, 2020, arXiv:2001.02311] proved several Dwork-type supercongruences, including some conjectures of Swisher. In this paper, we apply the Guo–Zudilin method to prove a new Dwork-type supercongruence, which uniformly generalises several conjectures of Swisher.
Dietary sodium:potassium ratio and CVD risk factors among Japanese adults: a retrospective cross-sectional study of pooled data from the National Health and Nutrition Survey, 2003–2017
Authors: Okada Emiko , Okada Chika , Matsumoto Mai , Fujiwara Aya , Takimoto Hidemi 
Published: July 2020

AbstractFew studies have reported associations between the Na:K ratio and risk factors related to CVD among the general population in Asian countries. This study aimed to investigate the dietary Na:K ratio association with CVD risk factors among Japanese adults. This retrospective cross-sectional study included 48 800 Japanese participants (19 386 men and 29 414 women) aged ≥20 years, registered in the 2003–2017 National Health and Nutrition Survey. Multivariate OR and 95 % CI for risk of hypertension, high glycated HbA1c levels, hypercholesterolaemia, low serum levels of HDL-cholesterol and high non-HDL-cholesterol levels according to the Na:K ratio were estimated using logistic regression models. Dietary Na:K ratio decreased for both men and women from 2003 to 2017. Higher Na:K ratio and higher hypertension prevalence were observed (multivariate OR (fifth v. first quintiles) 1·27, 95 % CI 1·15, 1·40; Pfor trend < 0·001 for men and 1·12, 95 % CI 1·01, 1·23; Pfor trend = 0·007 for women). Higher Na:K ratio was associated with higher prevalence of high HbA1c levels in men (multivariate OR 1·56, 95 % CI 1·24, 1·96). Prevalence of low HDL-cholesterol levels was increased with higher Na:K ratio (Pfor trend =0·002 for men and <0·001 for women). No significant associations were found between Na:K ratio and hypercholesterolaemia in men or high non-HDL-cholesterol levels in both men and women. Our findings suggest that dietary Na:K ratio is associated with several CVD risk factors among Japanese adults.
Life history of aggression in Anastatus disparis (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae) with extreme male–male combat
Authors: Liu Peng-Cheng , Hao De-Jun , Hu Wei , Wei Jian-Rong , Wang Jian-Jun 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAggressive behaviour is common in animals and typically has lifetime consequences. As younger males have higher residual reproductive value than older males and lose more from injuries than older males do, the propensity for fighting tends to increase with age in many empirical reports and species. However, fighting patterns in those empirical reports cannot confirm the hypothesis that individuals cannot readily inflict injuries on their opponents. To address this shortcoming, a parasitoid wasp species, Anastatus disparis (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae), was used as an experimental model to explore the characteristics of aggression from a life-history perspective; this wasp exhibits extreme fighting, resulting in contestants experiencing injury and death. Results showed that the energetic costs of fighting to injury significantly shortened life and caused the loss of most mating ability. Inconsistent with general predictions, the frequency and intensity of fighting in A. disparis significantly decreased with male age. Further study results showed significantly more young males were received by and successfully mated with virgin females, and most genes related to energy metabolism were downregulated in aged males. Our study provided supporting evidence that young A. disparis males show more aggression likely because of their resource holding potential and sexual attractiveness decline with age.
The time spent in fresh cow pen influences total lactational performance
Authors: Hoseyni F. , Zahmatkesh D. , Mahjoubi E. , Yazdi M. Hossein , Patton R. A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis research paper addresses the effect of different grouping strategies of fresh cows on total lactational and reproductive performance. Hundred-sixty multiparous Holstein cows were enrolled in a completely randomized design and assigned to one of following treatments: 21 days in fresh pen with 12.5 kg/day concentrate (C21,n= 60), 10 days in fresh pen with 12.5 kg/day concentrate (C10,n= 50) and 10 days in fresh pen with 10 kg/day concentrate (L10,n= 50). Although there were no differences among treatments within the first 10 days in milk (DIM), C10 and L10 cows tended to produce more milk than C21 from 10 to 21 DIM. In addition, greater milk yield was obtained in C10 and L10 cows during 22–28 DIM and 29–70 DIM. Higher production in early lactation resulted in a tendency for greater milk production for C10 and L10 cows throughout a 305 days lactation. There was no difference in productivity between C10 and L10 groups at any time point. No blood metabolites (Ca, P, non-esterified fatty acids andβ-hydroxy butyrate) were affected by treatments. Pregnancy at first, second and third service was 38, 39 and 40%, respectively, which were not influenced by the days in fresh pen or concentrate allowance. Collectively, our results for the first time suggest that fresh cow grouping strategy has a long-term effect on productivity but that adding 2.5 kg/day concentrate has no effect on milk yield in fresh pen.