bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Calcium-dependent protein acyltransferase DHHC21 controls activation of CD4+T cells
Authors: Shayahati Bieerkehazhi , Fan Ying , West Savannah , Tewari Ritika , Ko Junsuk , Mills Tingting , Boehning Darren , Akimzhanov Askar M. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDespite the recognized significance of reversible protein lipidation (S-acylation) for T cell receptor signal transduction, the enzymatic control of this post-translational modification in T cells remains poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that DHHC21, a member of the DHHC family of mammalian protein acyltransferases, mediates agonist-induced S-acylation of proximal T cell signaling proteins. Using Zdhhc21depmice expressing a functionally deficient version of DHHC21, we show that DHHC21 is a calcium/calmodulin-dependent enzyme critical for activation of naïve CD4+T cells in response to T cell receptor stimulation. We found that disruption of the calcium/calmodulin binding domain of DHHC21 does not affect thymic T cell development but prevents differentiation of peripheral CD4+T cells into Th1, Th2, and Th17 effector T helper lineages. Our findings identify DHHC21 as an essential component of the T cell receptor signaling machinery and define a new role for protein acyltransferases in regulation of T cell-mediated immunity.SignificanceThis study identifies DHHC21, a member of the DHHC family of mammalian protein acyltransferases, as a novel component of the TCR signaling pathway and demonstrates that this enzyme critically regulates activation and differentiation of CD4+T cells by mediating rapid TCR-induced S-acylation of signaling proteins. This finding shows that protein acyltransferases can play a vital function in regulation of T cell-mediated immunity and thus serve as potential drug targets in diseases associated with altered immune system homeostasis.
Automated Deep Learning-based Multi-class Fluid Segmentation in Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography Images
Authors: Oakley Jonathan D. , Sodhi Simrat K. , Russakoff Daniel B. , Choudhry Netan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the performance of a deep learning-based, fully automated, multi-class, macular fluid segmentation algorithm relative to expert annotations in a heterogeneous population of confirmed wet age-related macular degeneration (wAMD) subjects.MethodsTwenty-two swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) volumes of the macula from 22 from different individuals with wAMD were manually annotated by two expert graders. These results were compared using cross-validation (CV) to automated segmentations using a deep learning-based algorithm encoding spatial information about retinal tissue as an additional input to the network. The algorithm detects and delineates fluid regions in the OCT data, differentiating between intra- and sub-retinal fluid (IRF, SRF), as well as fluid resulting from in serous pigment epithelial detachments (PED). Standard metrics for fluid detection and quantification were used to evaluate performance.ResultsThe per slice receiver operating characteristic (ROC) area under the curves (AUCs) for each of these fluid types were 0.90, 0.94 and 0.94 for IRF, SRF and PED, respectively. Per volume results were 0.94 and 0.88 for IRF and PED (SRF being present in all cases). The correlation of fluid volume between the expert graders and the algorithm were 0.99 for IRF, 0.99 for SRF and 0.82 for PED.ConclusionsAutomated, deep learning-based segmentation is able to accurately detect and quantify different macular fluid types in SS-OCT data on par with expert graders.
Sterile Spikelets Contribute to Yield in Sorghum and Related Grasses
Authors: AuBuchon-Elder Taylor , Coneva Viktoriya , Goad David M. , Jenkins Lauren M. , Yu Yunqing , Allen Doug K. , Kellogg Elizabeth A. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) and its relatives in the grass tribe Andropogoneae bear their flowers in pairs of spikelets in which one spikelet (seed-bearing or sessile spikelet [SS]) of the pair produces a seed and the other is sterile or male (staminate). This division of function does not occur in other major cereals such as wheat (Triticum aestivum) or rice (Oryza sativa). Additionally, one bract of the SS spikelet often produces a long extension, the awn, that is in the same position as, but independently derived from, that of wheat and rice. The function of the sterile spikelet is unknown and that of the awn has not been tested in Andropogoneae. We used radioactive and stable isotopes of carbon, RNA sequencing of metabolically important enzymes, and immunolocalization of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) to show that the sterile spikelet assimilates carbon, which is translocated to the largely heterotrophic SS. The awn shows no evidence of photosynthesis. These results apply to distantly related species of Andropogoneae. Removal of sterile spikelets in sorghum significantly decreases seed weight (yield) by ∼9%. Thus, the sterile spikelet, but not the awn, affects yield in the cultivated species and fitness in the wild species.
Introducing an innovation promotion model for construction projects
Authors: Fernando Sam , Panuwatwanich Kriengsak , Thorpe David 
Published: September 2020

PurposeThis study aims to investigate and model the complex dynamics of innovation enablers in construction projects aiming to develop a framework identifying actions for clients to promote innovation.Design/methodology/approachThrough a comprehensive literature review, a conceptual model was previously derived to explain the client-driven enablers in promoting innovation. This was tested using the data from 131 Australian construction projects. Statistical analysis was conducted on the data using factor analysis and correlation analysis to test the model, which was validated using the case study approach. The testing and validating aspects are explained in this paper.FindingsThe constructs of the recommended model are idea harnessing, relationship enhancement, incentivization and project team fitness.Research limitations/implicationsThe difficulty of analyzing the complex dynamics happening within projects in relation to innovation has been a barrier to progress research in this area. The introduction of this model would pave the way for researchers to explore this area with ease.Originality/valueAs revealed in the detailed literature review undertaken, this is the first time that a comprehensive study has been conducted to identify client-led innovation enablers for construction projects. The results would benefit industry practitioners to achieve enhanced project outcomes in construction projects through innovation.
Exploring technology attitudes and personal–cultural orientations as student readiness factors for digitalised work
Authors: Blayone Todd J.B. , Mykhailenko Olena , Usca Svetlana , Abuze Anda , Romanets Ihor , Oleksiiv Mykhailo 
Published: September 2020

PurposeEmerging forms of digitalisation are placing new demands on workforce entrants around the globe. This study, catalysed by innovation programs in Ukraine and Latvia, conceptualises, measures and compares key facets of dispositional readiness of university students in two post-Soviet nations for digitalised work.Design/methodology/approachSurvey data, addressing technology attitudes and personal–cultural orientations (PCO), were collected by project teams at universities in Ukraine and Latvia and delivered to the authors for analysis. The authors defined three characteristics of digitalised work, conceptually positioned five of the measured constructs as readiness factors and generated readiness profiles for the two national student cohorts. Investigation of significant differences between the groups was conducted using an Independent Samples T-Test. A composite profile was produced for comparing the overall dispositional readiness of both groups for digitalised work.FindingsThe factor-level profiles showed similar patterns of dispositional alignment and misalignment with digitalised work. For example, technology optimism and learning interest were reported by large percentages of Ukrainians and Latvians and tolerance for unstructured work by small percentages. However, significant differences were found in group levels of technology optimism, technology anxiety, ambiguity intolerance and empowered decision-making. In each case, the Ukrainian profile appeared more strongly aligned with the target.Practical implicationsThe global digitalisation of work requires students, educators, human resource professionals and business leaders to rethink workforce readiness assessment and adapt (re)training programs. Technology enthusiasm and learning interest should be regarded as crucial measurable attitudes motivating technical skills development. Also, cultural orientations should be positioned alongside personality traits and digital skills as factors shaping successful human–computer interaction.Originality/valueThis study initiates a new sociotechnical and cross-cultural trajectory of technology readiness research from data generated in two post-Soviet contexts. Moreover, it positions several measurable dispositions as factors influencing student readiness for digitalised work.
Ghana’s energy access journey so far: a review of key strategies
Authors: Bukari Dramani , Tuokuu Francis Xavier Dery , Suleman Shafic , Ackah Ishmael , Apenu Godwin 
Published: September 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present a comprehensive review of the programmes being implemented with a view to ascertaining if they adequately address the energy needs of the poor more holistically and sustainably.

Design/methodology/approach
The content of this desktop review is based on information collected through a review of available energy policy documents from the Ghana Government and related governmental agencies, such as the Energy Commission and Ghana Statistical Services, international energy-related agencies, such as the International Energy Agency (World Vision, 2013), as well as other related web searches. Additionally, global and Sub-Saharan African energy access documents were reviewed by analysing secondary data from the World Bank and UN policy reports, statistical data, strategies, regulations, protocols and other related documents (World Vision, 2013). Furthermore, some policy documents on energy access and usage were explored mainly from Senegal and Ghana to ascertain governments’ policies, regulations and strategies in the implementation of energy access policies.

Findings
The paper offers all the various strategies being implemented in an attempt to establish a foothold on the problem of affording the poor with clean and affordable energies. The paper also presents the rich experiences of Senegal in its bid to see expanded access in liquefied petroleum gas usage by residential consumers.

Originality/value
The paper provides some policy and theoretical implications for improving Ghana’s energy access.
Hospitality workers’ reward and recognition
Authors: Younies Hassan , Al-Tawil Tareq Na’el 
Published: September 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate hotel workers’ preferences among the following pairs: intrinsic and extrinsic motivators and non-material and material factors.Design/methodology/approachThe study used the quantitative method and a descriptive design to draw inferences about employees’ preferences for items intended as reward and recognition. Convenience sampling was used in selecting the respondents using a survey questionnaire as the research instrument.FindingsThis study has shown that hospitality employees differ in their preference for some material and non-material items signifying reward and recognition (RR). Management should take these differences into account when devising such incentives. The heterogeneous workforce structure in the United Arab Emirates may complicate the design of an RR system. Practitioners in the hospitality industry may note with interest that achieving employee performance and satisfaction is a complex exercise. The satisfaction that employees derive can be strengthened by focusing on Herzberg’s motivators while employee dissatisfaction could be prevented by addressing hygiene factors. Human resource personnel can achieve a measure of success while developing and administering a compensation program that stimulates effort related to work, tasks or accomplishment of goals. While motivated employees are expected to perform better, employee productivity according to certain research is related to the level of meeting ones’ needs. It is, therefore, important for organizations in the hospitality industry to consider the design of a well-balanced but flexible reward-recognition system that serves motivating employees toward the achievement of organizational goals and meet their own needs.Originality/valueThe writers included demographic information and employment characteristics as part of their study. They included 10 factors, such as language, ethnicity, age, years in company and department among others.
Mental simulation and the individual preference effect
Authors: Nicholson Dawn H. , Hopthrow Tim , Randsley de Moura Georgina 
Published: September 2020

PurposeThe “Individual Preference Effect” (IPE: Faulmüller et al., 2010; Greitemeyer and Schulz-Hardt, 2003; Greitemeyer et al., 2003), a form of confirmation bias, is an important barrier to achieving improved group decision-making outcomes in hidden profile tasks. Group members remain committed to their individual preferences and are unable to disconfirm their initial suboptimal selection decisions, even when presented with full information enabling them to correct them, and even if the accompanying group processes are perfectly conducted. This paper examines whether a mental simulation can overcome the IPE.Design/methodology/approachTwo experimental studies examine the effect of a mental simulation intervention in attenuating the IPE and improving decision quality in an online individual hidden profile task.FindingsIndividuals undertaking a mental simulation achieved higher decision quality than those in a control condition and experienced a greater reduction in confidence in the suboptimal solution.Research limitations/implicationsResults suggest a role for mental simulation in overcoming the IPE. The test environment is an online individual decision-making task, and broader application to group decision-making is not tested.Practical implicationsSince mental simulation is something we all do, it should easily generalise to an organisational setting to improve decision outcomes.Originality/valueTo the authors' knowledge, no study has examined whether mental simulation can attenuate the IPE.
Implementation of sustainable public procurement in local governments: a measurement approach
Authors: Hsueh Lily , Bretschneider Stuart , Stritch Justin M. , Darnall Nicole 
Published: September 2020

PurposeAssessing and measuring the extent of organization-level policy implementation has received little scholarly attention, especially in the areas of local governments' procurement and environmental protection. To rectify the paucity of research in this area, this paper adopts Leonard-Barton's (1988) conceptualization of the misalignment between the (policy) innovation and the organization and draws on an original survey of local government finance, environment and public works departments in a representative sample of US cities with at least 25,000 residents to develop a strategy for measuring the extent of the implementation of a sustainable procurement policy (SPP) in local governments.Design/methodology/approachThe authors demonstrate through the construction of a composite index that in order for a SPP to be fully implemented, standards and rules, routines and decision-making criteria need to exist to reconcile any technical, infrastructural and decision-making misalignments between the new policy and an organization's pre-existing norms and routines.FindingsThe authors empirically assess and demonstrate that the paper's proposed composite measure of policy implementation is robust to multiple specifications and measurement reliability and construct validity tests.Originality/valueWhereas the existing literature from political science and policy science has tended to focus on higher levels of implementation in government through a complex hierarchical system, this paper underscores the importance of the policy implementation at the organizational level. Moreover, the authors contribute methodologically by our development of a strategy to measure the extent of the implementation of a SPP by local governments.
Teaching sustainable development through entrepreneurial experiences
Authors: Burden Håkan , Sprei Frances 
Published: September 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to address the challenges of teaching sustainable development to computer engineering students. Part of the problem is that they perceive the topic as irrelevant for their future profession.

Design/methodology/approach
To address this challenge, we introduced a project element into a course on sustainable development where the students developed applications for sustainable mobility together with the local public transport authority, an academic institution and a multinational telecom company.

Findings
The findings conclude that the course changes improved the overall student satisfaction while succeeding in anchoring sustainable development in a context which the students can relate to. The collaboration was also perceived as fruitful by the external stakeholders who encouraged the students to stay in touch for their bachelor theses and internships.

Research limitations/implications
The theoretical implication is a first attempt in integrating sustainable development education with entrepreneurial experiences, whereas the practical implication is a description of how the integration can be realized.

Practical implications
The contribution is therefore of value for both educational researchers to open novel research opportunities and for teachers to describe new possibilities for sustainable development education.

Originality/value
The contribution describes how entrepreneurial experiences can be used to motivate engineering students in mandatory courses on sustainable development and ethics. The approach is novel in that the approach has not been described earlier in this context.
A cross-country investigation of customer transactions from online to offline channels
Authors: Huang Chien-Che , Chang Yu-Wei , Hsu Ping Yu , Prassida Grandys Frieska 
Published: September 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate multichannel integration of hotels and online travel agencies (OTAs) and to compare consumer behavior between China and Indonesia in the context of online to offline (O2O) commerce. We examine how the services, brand and market share of OTAs influence behavioral intentions in both online and offline channels. SERVQUAL, theory of reasoned action and the halo effect are integrated to develop the research model.Design/methodology/approachTo investigate Chinese and Indonesian customers' experiences and behavioral intention of OTAs and hotels, the customers who booked hotels using OTAs were invited to participate in the questionnaire survey. This study collected 336 and 305 data from China and Indonesia, respectively. A partial least squares structural equation modeling technique was used to test and compare the research hypotheses and model between China and Indonesia.FindingsThe results compare the similarities and differences of cross-country customer experiences and behavioral intentions of OTAs and hotels. The effect of website service quality on online satisfaction, the effect of online satisfaction on offline confirmation and the effects of offline confirmation and booking intention on patronage intention are significant and positive in both countries. Website service quality is positively associated with booking intention for Indonesia but not for China. The relationship between perceived size and booking intention is significant for China but not for Indonesia. The findings provide insights into the development of O2O commerce for global markets and multichannel strategies between OTAs and hotels.Originality/valueWith the development of O2O commerce, increasingly more hoteliers are opening up online and offline sales channels by cooperating with OTAs. Although several cross-country studies have investigated consumer behavior or behavioral intentions, behavioral settings are based on online or offline channels rather than the integration of both channels. Although some research has studied the integration or competition of OTAs and hotels, none of these studies have investigated the issues from the perspective of country comparison. This study provides the understanding of how customers in different countries and with different backgrounds react to the same e-commerce development, especially the cooperation of OTA and hotels.
Study of ethical issues of green procurement in Indian automobile industry using integrated ISM-fuzzy MICMAC – AHP –VIKOR
Authors: Ray Ankita , Khaba Sorokhaibam 
Published: September 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this study is the identification and analysis of key ethical issues of green procurement (GP) and the potential solutions to mitigate the issues in the Indian automobile sector.Design/methodology/approachBased on the literature review and expert elicitation, 23 ethical issues of GP in the Indian automobile industry and 11 solutions to mitigate these issues were identified. This paper explores the ethical issues based on an integrated method consisting of interpretative structural modelling fuzzy Matrice d'Impacts Croisés-Multiplication Appliquée á un Classement, analytical hierarchy process and the solutions to mitigate these issues using fuzzy VlseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje.FindingsThe findings suggest that ethical issues such as favouritism towards suppliers and failure to fulfil business objectives by top management are identified as the most significant variables with the highest importance weights, while top management commitment for ethical behaviour is identified as the most potent solution for mitigating the issues.Research limitations/implicationsThis study is limited to the literature review and experts’ opinions.Practical implicationsThe results may help practitioners and researchers to focus on major ethical issues of GP to strategize proactive solutions that may help to mitigate or eliminate the ethical issues.Originality/valueThis paper is an original contribution of the analysis of GP and provides an interesting insight into the Indian automotive industry.
Selling cute destinations to East Asia
Authors: Lee Hoffer , Yan Libo 
Published: September 2020

PurposeA multidimensional scale was developed to measure the cuteness experience a destination can offer. In doing so, this paper attempts to explore the implications of the cuteness aesthetics for destination marketing.Design/methodology/approachThe procedure of scale development was followed. A survey was administered to a college student sample. The scale of cuteness experience was validated. A four-point scale turned out to be effective in terms of measurement.FindingsThe results show that cuteness experience of a destination consists of five dimensions: smallness, irregularity, roundness, lightness and creativity.Research limitations/implicationsThe cuteness attributes have significant implications for promoting destinations to the East Asian markets, which have seen the rise of the cute culture in recent decades.Originality/valueThis study identified a unique selling point of destinations, namely, cuteness as a destination attribute. The study results also contribute to understanding of destination personality by drawing attention to the childlike personality trait: cuteness.