bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Syndecan-3 regulates MSC adhesion, ERK and AKT signalling in vitro and its deletion enhances MSC efficacy in a model of inflammatory arthritis in vivo
Authors: Jones Fiona K. , Stefan Andrei , Kay Alasdair G. , Hyland Mairead , Morgan Rebecca , Forsyth Nicholas R. , Pisconti Addolorata , Kehoe Oksana 
Published: November 2020

AbstractRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a debilitating and painful inflammatory autoimmune disease characterised by the accumulation of leukocytes in the synovium, cartilage destruction and bone erosion. The immunomodulatory effects of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has been widely studied and the recent observations that syndecan-3 (SDC3) is selectively pro-inflammatory in the joint led us to hypothesise that SDC3 might play an important role in MSC biology. MSCs isolated from bone marrow of wild type and Sdc3−/− mice were used to assess immunophenotype, differentiation, adhesion and migration properties and cell signalling pathways. While both cell types show similar differentiation potential and forward scatter values, the cell complexity in wild type MSCs was significantly higher than in Sdc3−/− cells and was accompanied by lower spread surface area. Moreover, Sdc3−/− MSCs adhered more rapidly to collagen type I and showed a dramatic increase in AKT phosphorylation, accompanied by a decrease in ERK1/2 phosphorylation compared with control cells. In a mouse model of antigen-induced inflammatory arthritis, intraarticular injection of Sdc3−/− MSCs yielded enhanced efficacy compared to injection of wild type MSCs. In conclusion, our data suggest that syndecan-3 regulates MSC adhesion and efficacy in inflammatory arthritis, likely via induction of the AKT pathway.
Cross-sectional analysis of plasma and CSF metabolomic markers in Huntington’s disease for participants of varying functional disability: a pilot study
Authors: McGarry Andrew , Gaughan John , Hackmyer Cory , Lovett Jacqueline , Khadeer Mohammed , Shaikh Hamza , Pradhan Basant , Ferraro Thomas N. , Wainer Irving W. , Moaddel Ruin 
Published: November 2020

AbstractHuntington’s Disease (HD) is a progressive, fatal neurodegenerative condition. While generally considered for its devastating neurological phenotype, disturbances in other organ systems and metabolic pathways outside the brain have attracted attention for possible relevance to HD pathology, potential as therapeutic targets, or use as biomarkers of progression. In addition, it is not established how metabolic changes in the HD brain correlate to progression across the full spectrum of early to late-stage disease. In this pilot study, we sought to explore the metabolic profile across manifest HD from early to advanced clinical staging through metabolomic analysis by mass spectrometry in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). With disease progression, we observed nominally significant increases in plasma arginine, citrulline, and glycine, with decreases in total and d-serine, cholesterol esters, diacylglycerides, triacylglycerides, phosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylethanolamines, and sphingomyelins. In CSF, worsening disease was associated with nominally significant increases in NAD+, arginine, saturated long chain free fatty acids, diacylglycerides, triacylglycerides, and sphingomyelins. Notably, diacylglycerides and triacylglyceride species associated with clinical progression were different between plasma and CSF, suggesting different metabolic preferences for these compartments. Increasing NAD+ levels strongly correlating with disease progression was an unexpected finding. Our data suggest that defects in the urea cycle, glycine, and serine metabolism may be underrecognized in the progression HD pathology, and merit further study for possible therapeutic relevance.
Citizen science data reveals the need for keeping garden plant recommendations up-to-date to help pollinators
Authors: Anderson Helen B. , Robinson Annie , Siddharthan Advaith , Sharma Nirwan , Bostock Helen , Salisbury Andrew , Roberts Stuart , van der Wal René 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWidespread concern over declines in pollinating insects has led to numerous recommendations of which “pollinator-friendly” plants to grow and help turn urban environments into valuable habitat for such important wildlife. Whilst communicated widely by organisations and readily taken up by gardeners, the provenance, accuracy, specificity and timeliness of such recommendations remain unclear. Here we use data (6429 records) gathered through a UK-wide citizen science programme (BeeWatch) to determine food plant use by the nations’ bumblebee species, and show that much of the plant use recorded does not reflect practitioner recommendations: correlation between the practitioners’ bumblebee-friendly plant list (376 plants compiled from 14 different sources) and BeeWatch records (334 plants) was low (r = 0.57), and only marginally higher than the correlation between BeeWatch records and the practitioners’ pollinator-friendly plant list (465 plants from 9 different sources; r = 0.52). We found pollinator-friendly plant lists to lack independence (correlation between practitioners’ bumblebee-friendly and pollinator-friendly lists: r = 0.75), appropriateness and precision, thus failing to recognise the non-binary nature of food-plant preference (bumblebees used many plants, but only in small quantities, e.g. lavender—the most popular plant in the BeeWatch database—constituted, at most, only 11% of records for any one bumblebee species) and stark differences therein among species and pollinator groups. We call for the provision and use of up-to-date dynamic planting recommendations driven by live (citizen science) data, with the possibility to specify pollinator species or group, to powerfully support transformative personal learning journeys and pollinator-friendly management of garden spaces.
Endothelial specific YY1 deletion restricts tumor angiogenesis and tumor growth
Authors: Liu Huan , Qiu Yikai , Pei Xiuying , Chitteti Ramamurthy , Steiner Rebbeca , Zhang Shuya , Jin Zheng Gen 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAngiogenesis is a physiological process for the formation of new blood vessels from the pre-existing vessels and it has a vital role in the survival and growth of neoplasms. During tumor angiogenesis, the activation of the gene transcriptions in vascular endothelial cells (ECs) plays an essential role in the promotion of EC proliferation, migration, and vascular network development. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying transcriptional regulation of EC and tumor angiogenesis remains to be fully elucidated. Here we report that the transcription factor Yin Yang 1 (YY1) in ECs is critically involved in tumor angiogenesis. First, we utilized a tamoxifen-inducible EC-specific YY1 deficient mouse model and showed that YY1 deletion in ECs inhibited the tumor growth and tumor angiogenesis. Using the in vivo matrigel plug assay, we then found that EC-specific YY1 ablation inhibited growth factor-induced angiogenesis. Furthermore, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced EC migration was diminished in YY1-depleted human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Finally, a rescue experiment revealed that YY1-regulated BMP6 expression in ECs was involved in EC migration. Collectively, our results demonstrate that endothelial YY1 has a crucial role in tumor angiogenesis and suggest that targeting endothelial YY1 could be a potential therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment.
The frequency of follicular T helper cells differs in acute and chronic neuroinflammation
Authors: Baniahmad Adalie , Birkner Katharina , Görg Johanna , Loos Julia , Zipp Frauke , Wasser Beatrice , Bittner Stefan 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBeyond the major role of T cells in the pathogenesis of the autoimmune neuroinflammatory disorder multiple sclerosis (MS), recent studies have highlighted the impact of B cells on pathogenic inflammatory processes. Follicular T helper cells (Tfh) are essential for the promotion of B cell-driven immune responses. However, their role in MS and its murine model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), is poorly investigated. A first step to achieving a better understanding of the contribution of Tfh cells to the disease is the consideration of Tfh cell localization in relation to genetic background and EAE induction method. Here, we investigated the Tfh cell distribution during disease progression in disease relevant organs in three different EAE models. An increase of Tfh frequency in the central nervous system (CNS) was observed during peak of C57BL/6 J EAE, paralleling chronic disease activity, whereas in relapsing–remitting SJL EAE mice Tfh cell frequencies were increased during remission. Furthermore, transferred Tfh-skewed cells polarized in vitro induced mild clinical symptoms in B6.Rag1−/− mice. We identified significantly higher levels of Tfh cells in the dura mater than in the CNS both in C57BL/6 and in SJL/J mice. Overall, our study emphasizes diverse, non-static roles of Tfh cells during autoimmune neuroinflammation.
Tactile display of softness on fingertip
Authors: Frediani Gabriele , Carpi Federico 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMulti-sensory human–machine interfaces are currently challenged by the lack of effective, comfortable and affordable actuation technologies for wearable tactile displays of softness in virtual- or augmented-reality environments. They should provide fingertips with tactile feedback mimicking the tactual feeling perceived while touching soft objects, for applications like virtual reality-based training, tele-rehabilitation, tele-manipulation, tele-presence, etc. Displaying a virtual softness on a fingertip requires the application of quasi-static (non-vibratory) forces via a deformable surface, to control both the contact area and the indentation depth of the skin. The state of the art does not offer wearable devices that can combine simple structure, low weight, low size and electrically safe operation. As a result, wearable softness displays are still missing for real-life uses. Here, we present a technology based on fingertip-mounted small deformable chambers, which weight about 3 g and are pneumatically driven by a compact and cost-effective unit. Weighting less than 400 g, the driving unit is easily portable and can be digitally controlled to stimulate up to three fingertips independently. Psychophysical tests proved ability to generate useful perceptions, with a Just Noticeable Difference characterised by a Weber constant of 0.15. The system was made of off-the-shelf materials and components, without any special manufacturing process, and is fully disclosed, providing schematics and lists of components. This was aimed at making it easily and freely usable, so as to turn tactile displays of softness on fingertips into a technology ‘at fingertips’.
A high-precision and high-order error model for airborne distributed POS transfer alignment
Authors: Gu Bin , Ye Wen , Teng Zijie , Chen Hongmei , Wang Guochen 
Published: November 2020

AbstractDistributed position and orientation systems (DPOSs) can provide abundant time-spatial information for interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) in airborne earth observation systems. However, some key error terms have not been taken into consideration in the traditional low-order error model, which suppresses the performance of the slave POS and further cannot meet the compensation precision of InSAR. To improve the compensation precision, a precise high-order error model with 45 dimensions was derived. Not only does it take into account the influence of scale factor errors and installation errors of the gyro and accelerometer, but it also makes use of random constants and a first-order Markov process model to describe the gyro drift and accelerometer bias. In addition, the flexure angle and its angular rate were added to the state variables of the transfer alignment model. Based on the model, a measurement equation for attitude errors that considers flexure was deduced. Then, a transfer alignment model based on the matching algorithm including position-velocity-attitude was designed. Finally, the proposed model was validated by simulated and real tests, and the experimental results show that its performance is obviously better than that of the traditional model.
Spin-polarized Weyl cones and giant anomalous Nernst effect in ferromagnetic Heusler films
Authors: Sumida Kazuki , Sakuraba Yuya , Masuda Keisuke , Kono Takashi , Kakoki Masaaki , Goto Kazuki , Zhou Weinan , Miyamoto Koji , Miura Yoshio , Okuda Taichi , Kimura Akio 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWeyl semimetals are characterized by the presence of massless band dispersion in momentum space. When a Weyl semimetal meets magnetism, large anomalous transport properties emerge as a consequence of its topological nature. Here, using in−situ spin- and angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy combined with ab initio calculations, we visualize the spin-polarized Weyl cone and flat-band surface states of ferromagnetic Co2MnGa films with full remanent magnetization. We demonstrate that the anomalous Hall and Nernst conductivities systematically grow when the magnetization-induced massive Weyl cone at a Lifshitz quantum critical point approaches the Fermi energy, until a high anomalous Nernst thermopower of ~6.2 μVK−1 is realized at room temperature. Given this topological quantum state and full remanent magnetization, Co2MnGa films are promising for realizing high efficiency heat flux and magnetic field sensing devices operable at room temperature and zero-field.
Cognition and Cognitive Screeners in Audiological Management
Authors: Gottschalk Karah , Olson Anne 
Published: November 2020

Purpose
Cognition is essential to communication, yet this topic is often neglected in discussions with aging patients in most clinical settings. Audiologists, however, represent a crucial role in assisting primary care physicians in the prevention of overlooking early signs of dementia. Audiologists can be viewed as the gatekeepers to an older adult's cognitive care due to more face-to-face time with patients and conversations that focus around communication. Therefore, it is important for audiologists to be familiar with the essential elements of cognition as well as how to screen for cognitive impairment. There are a number of cognitive screeners available for clinical use in audiology settings, with each screener having its own benefits and drawbacks. This clinical focus article discusses both of these concepts with the intent of increasing the appreciation of the complexity of cognition and its role in audiological management.

Conclusions
Cognitive screeners provide useful insight into understanding issues that our aging patients are experiencing. While there are benefits and downfalls to all cognitive screeners, each audiology practice has to determine which screening best fits their practice. By discussing cognition and utilizing cognitive screeners in practice, audiologists may be better able to meet their patient's needs and improve patient outcomes in relation to communication and overall health.
Runaway blue main-sequence stars at high Galactic latitudes
Authors: Raddi Roberto , Irrgang Andreas , Heber Ulrich , Schneider David , Kreuzer Simon 
Published: November 2020

Context. The ESA Gaia mission is a remarkable tool for stellar population analysis through its accurate Hertzsprung–Russell diagram. Its precise astrometry has propelled detailed kinematic studies of the Milky Way and the identification of high-velocity outliers.
Aims. Motivated by the historical identification of runaway main-sequence (MS) stars of an early spectral type at high Galactic latitudes, we test the capability of Gaia at identifying new such stars.
Methods. We selected ≈2300 sources with Gaia magnitudes of GBP − GRP ≤ 0.05, which are compatible with the colors of low-extinction MS stars that are earlier than a mid-A spectral type, and obtained low-resolution optical spectroscopy for 48 such stars. By performing detailed photometric and spectroscopic analyses, we derived their atmospheric and physical parameters (effective temperature, surface gravity, radial velocity, interstellar reddening, spectrophotometric distance, mass, radius, luminosity, and age). The comparison between spectrophotometric and parallax-based distances enabled us to disentangle the MS candidates from older blue horizontal branch (BHB) candidates.
Results. We identify 12 runaway MS candidates, with masses between 2 and 6 M⊙. Their trajectories were traced back to the Galactic disk in order to identify their most recent Galactic plane crossings and the corresponding flight times. All 12 candidates are ejected from the Galactic disk within 2 to 16.5 kpc from the Galactic center and possess flight times that are shorter than their evolutionary ages, which is compatible with a runaway hypothesis. Three MS candidates have ejection velocities exceeding 450 km s−1, thus, they appear to challenge the canonical ejection scenarios for late B-type stars. The fastest star of our sample also has a non-negligible Galactic escape probability if its MS nature can be confirmed. We identify 27 BHB candidates, and the two hottest stars in our sample are rare low-mass stars of late O- and early B-types, evolving towards the white dwarf cooling sequence.
Conclusions. The combination of Gaia parallaxes and proper motions can lead to the efficient selection of runaway blue MS candidates up to 10 kpc away from the Sun. High resolution spectra are needed to confirm the MS status, via precise measurements of projected rotational velocities and chemical compositions.
Higher-order statistics of shear field via a machine learning approach
Authors: Parroni Carolina , Tollet Édouard , Cardone Vincenzo F. , Maoli Roberto , Scaramella Roberto 
Published: November 2020

Context.The unprecedented amount and the excellent quality of lensing data expected from upcoming ground and space-based surveys present a great opportunity for shedding light on questions that remain unanswered with regard to our universe and the validity of the standard ΛCDM cosmological model. The development of new techniques that are capable of exploiting the vast quantity of data provided by future observations, in the most effective way possible, is of great importance.Aims.This is the reason we chose to investigate the development of a new method for treating weak-lensing higher-order statistics, which are known to break the degeneracy among cosmological parameters thanks to their capacity to probe non-Gaussian properties of the shear field. In particular, the proposed method applies directly to the observed quantity, namely, the noisy galaxy ellipticity.Methods.We produced simulated lensing maps with different sets of cosmological parameters and used them to measure higher-order moments, Minkowski functionals, Betti numbers, and other statistics related to graph theory. This allowed us to construct datasets with a range of sizes, levels of precision, and smoothing. We then applied several machine learning algorithms to determine which method best predicts the actual cosmological parameters associated with each simulation.Results.The most optimal model turned out to be a simple multidimensional linear regression. We use this model to compare the results coming from the different datasets and find that we can measure, with a good level of accuracy, the majority of the parameters considered in this study. We also investigated the relation between each higher-order estimator and the different cosmological parameters for several signal-to-noise thresholds and redshifts bins.Conclusions.Given the promising results we obtained, we consider this approach a valuable resource that is worthy of further development.
The LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey Deep Fields
Authors: Smith D. J. B. , Haskell P. , Gürkan G. , Best P. N. , Hardcastle M. J. , Kondapally R. , Williams W. , Duncan K. J. , Cochrane R. K. , McCheyne I. , Röttgering H. J. A. , Sabater J. , Shimwell T. W. , Tasse C. , Bonato M. , Bondi M. , Jarvis M. J. , Leslie S. K. , Prandoni I. , Wang L. 
Published: November 2020

In this paper, we investigate the relationship between 150 MHz luminosity and the star-formation rate – the SFR-L150 MHzrelation – using 150 MHz measurements for a near-infrared selected sample of 118 517z< 1 galaxies. New radio survey data offer compelling advantages over previous generation surveys for studying star formation in galaxies, including huge increases in sensitivity, survey speed, and resolution, while remaining impervious to extinction. The LOFAR Surveys Key Science Project is transforming our understanding of the low-frequency radio sky, with the 150 MHz data over the European Large Area Infrared Space Observatory Survey-North 1 field reaching an rms sensitivity of 20μJy beam−1over 10 deg2at 6 arcsec resolution. All of the galaxies studied have SFR and stellar mass estimates that were derived from energy balance spectral energy distribution fitting using redshifts and aperture-matched forced photometry from the LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey (LoTSS) Deep Fields data release. The impact of active galactic nuclei (AGN) is minimised by leveraging the deep ancillary data in the LoTSS data release, alongside median-likelihood methods that we demonstrate are resistant to AGN contamination. We find a linear and non-evolving SFR-L150 MHzrelation, apparently consistent with expectations based on calorimetric arguments, down to the lowest SFRs < 0.01M⊙yr−1. However, we also recover compelling evidence for stellar mass dependence in line with previous work on this topic, in the sense that higher mass galaxies have a larger 150 MHz luminosity at a given SFR, suggesting that the overall agreement with calorimetric arguments may be a coincidence. We conclude that, in the absence of AGN, 150 MHz observations can be used to measure accurate galaxy SFRs out toz= 1 at least, but it is necessary to account for stellar mass in the estimation in order to obtain 150 MHz-derived SFRs accurate to better than 0.5 dex. Our best-fit relation is log10(L150 MHz ∕W Hz−1) = (0.90 ± 0.01)log10(ψ∕M⊙yr−1) + (0.33 ± 0.04)log10(M∕1010M⊙) + 22.22 ± 0.02.