bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New World screwworm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) myiasis in feral swine of Uruguay: One Health and transboundary disease implications
Authors: Altuna Martín , Hickner Paul V. , Castro Gustavo , Mirazo Santiago , de León Adalberto A. Pérez , Arp Alex P 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
BackgroundFeral swine (Sus scrofa) are highly invasive and threaten animal and public health in the Americas. New World screwworm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) is listed by the World Organization for Animal Health as a notifiable infestation because myasis cases affect livestock, wildlife, and humans in endemic areas, and outbreaks can be of high socioeconomic consequence in regions where screwworm was eradicated. However, a knowledge gap exists on screwworm infestation of feral swine in South America where C. hominivorax is endemic. Here, we report infestation with C. hominivorax in feral swine harvested in the Department of Artigas where the Republic of Uruguay shares borders with Brazil and Argentina. MethodsMyiasis caused by the larvae of C. hominivorax were identified in feral swine with the support and collaboration of a local feral swine hunting club over a three-year period in the Artigas Department of Uruguay. Harvested feral swine were examined for the presence of lesions where maggots causing the myiasis could be sampled and processed for taxonomic identification. The sites of myiasis on the body of infested feral swine and geospatial data for each case were recorded. Feral swine sex and relative size were registered along with ambient temperature and precipitation.ResultsMyiases caused by screwworms were recorded in 27 of 618 feral swine harvested. Cases detected in males over 40 kg were associated with wounds that, because of their location, were likely caused by aggressive dominance behavior between adult males. The overall prevalence of screwworm infestation in feral swine was associated with ambient temperature, but not precipitation. Case numbers peaked in the warmer spring and summer months. ConclusionThis is the first report for South America of myasis caused by C. hominivorax in feral swine. In contrast to myasis in cattle that can reach deep into host tissues, screwworms in feral swine tended to cause superficial infestation. Feral swine present challenges to control screwworms in endemic areas. Screwworm populations maintained by feral swine may contribute to human cases in rural areas of Uruguay, which highlights the One Health importance of this invasive species-ectoparasite interaction.
Design and rationale of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, Phase 2/3 study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of dociparstat sodium (DSTAT) in adults with acute lung injury associated with severe COVID-19
Authors: Lasky Joseph A. , Fuloria Jyotsna , Morrison Marion E. , Lanier Randall , Naderer Odin , Brundage Tom , Melemed Allen 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 Global Pandemic caused by the novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, and the consequent morbidity and mortality attributable to progressive hypoxemia and subsequent respiratory failure, threaten to overrun hospital critical care units globally. New agents that can address the hyperinflammatory “cytokine storm” and hypercoagulable pathology seen in these patients may be a promising approach to treat patients, minimize hospital stays, and ensure hospital wards and critical care units are able to operate effectively. Dociparstat sodium (DSTAT) is a glycosaminoglycan derivative of heparin with robust anti-inflammatory properties, including the potential to address underlying causes of coagulation disorders with substantially reduced risk of bleeding complications compared to commercially available forms of heparin. Methods: This study is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, Phase 2/3 trial to determine the safety and efficacy of DSTAT added to standard of care versus placebo, in adults with COVID-19 who require hospitalization and supplemental oxygen therapy. The Phase 2 portion will enroll 12 participants in each of two dose escalating cohorts, to confirm the safety of DSTAT in this population. Following a data monitoring committee review of the data, an additional 50 participants will be enrolled. Contingent upon positive results, the Phase 3 portion of the study will enroll approximately 450 participants randomized 1:1 to DSTAT or placebo. The primary endpoint, agreed on by the US FDA, is the proportion of participants who survive and do not require mechanical ventilation through day 28. Discussion: Advances in standard of care regimens and the recent emergency use authorization of remdesivir and positive data with dexamethasone, has likely contributed to an increasing proportion of patients who are surviving without the need for mechanical ventilation. Therefore, examining the time to improvement of NIAID score will be essential to provide a more continuous measure of drug effect on recovery. Additional analysis of other endpoints, including supportive biomarkers (e.g., IL-6, HMGB1, soluble RAGE, D-dimer) will be performed at the conclusion of Phase 2 to further define the effect of DSTAT in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 infection. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT04389840, Registered 13 May 2020, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/keydates/NCT04389840
The yellow perch (Perca flavescens) microbiome revealed resistance to colonisation mostly associated with neutralism driven by rare taxa under cadmium disturbance
Authors: Cheaib Bachar , Seghouani Hamza , Llewellyn Martin Stephen , Vandal-Lenghan Katherine , Mercier Pierre-Luc , Derome Nicolas 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Disentangling the dynamics of microbial interactions within communities improves our comprehension of metacommunity assembly of microbiota during host development and under perturbations. To assess the impact of stochastic variation of neutral processes on microbiota structure and composition under disturbance, two types of microbial habitats, free-living (water), and host-associated (skin and gut) were experimentally exposed to either a constant or gradual selection regime exerted by two sublethal cadmium chloride dosages (CdCl2). Yellow Perch (Perca flavescens) was used as a piscivorous ecotoxicological model. Using 16S rDNA gene based metataxonomics, quantitative metrics of water, skin and gut microbial communities were characterized along with development and across experimental conditions. Results: After 30 days, constant and gradual selection regimes drove a significant alpha diversity increase for both skin and gut microbiota. In the skin, pervasive negative correlations between taxa in both selection regimes in addition to the taxonomic convergence with the environmental bacterial community, suggest a loss of colonisation resistance resulting in the dysbiosis of yellow perch microbiota. Furthermore, the network connectivity in gut microbiome was exclusively maintained by rare (low abundance) OTUs, while most abundant OTUs were mainly composed of opportunistic invaders such as Mycoplasma and other genera related to fish pathogens such as Flavobacterium. Finally, the mathematical modelling of community assembly using both non-linear least squares models (NLS) and normalized stochasticity ratios (NST) based beta-diversity distances suggested neutral processes drove by taxonomic drift in host and water communities for almost all treatments. The NLS models predicted higher stochasticity in the cadmium-free host and water communities, however, NST models suggested higher stochasticity ratios under disturbance. Conclusions: Neutral models agree that water and host-microbiota assembly promoted by the occurrence frequence of rare taxa have evolved predominantly under neutral processes with potential involvement of deterministic forces sourced from host filtering and cadmium selection. The early signals of perturbations in the skin microbiome revealed antagonistic interactions by preponderance of negative correlations in the co-abundace networks. Our findings enhance our understanding of community assembly host-associated and free-living under anthropogenic selective pressure.
Os novos e velhos contextos de ação coletiva em educação: Elementos de reflexão sobre a complexidade das políticas educativas e da liderança educacional
Authors: Neves Claudia 
Published: August 2020

Neste artigo pretendemos demostrar como o processo de construção das políticas educativas se reveste de uma multiplicidade de atores que atuam em níveis e contextos diversos atribuindo diversos significados às políticas. Analisar a complexidade dos processos políticos e relacioná-los com as interações que caracterizam as lideranças educacionais é um desafio interessante que exige que se pense em novos métodos de recolha e análise de dados. Com base na teoria da complexidade, lançamos novas pistas para a investigação sobre as políticas educativas e as lideranças educacionais.
The Frequency of Food Allergy Among Children With Migraine Headache; A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Ahmadiafshar Akefeh , Vafaee-Shahi Mohammad , Ghasemi Saeide , Khosroshahi Fariba , Riahi Aina 
Published: August 2020

Background:
Headache and particularly migraine headaches are considered as a debilitating disease worldwide that can adversely affect the quality of life of children and adults. Various factors can play a critical role in the development of migraine headache attacks. The food allergens are considered as important factors. This study aimed to determine the frequency of food allergy in children with migraine headaches.

Methods:
Forty patients aged <16 years with a migraine headache were entered into the study. A questionnaire was provided in which data on demographic information and skin test results for various allergens were recorded. Dietary allergies were defined based on a positive skin test plus a patient's history of food allergies. The severity of migraine was evaluated using the Migraine disability assessment score (MIDAS) questionnaire.

Results:
The present study showed 32.5% of our participants had a food allergy. No significant association was detected between sex (p=58) and age (p=0.14) with food allergy. However, the frequency of food allergy was significantly higher in patients aged ≥12 years old (44.4%) than those aged <12 (22.7%). A significant relationship was found between the number of attacks after prophylaxis and the frequency of food allergies (p=0.032). Individuals with lower attacks had a lower food allergy.

Conclusion:
Our findings revealed that about one-third of children with a migraine headache had a food allergy. This frequency was significantly higher in children with migraines than that of the general population based on the results of previous studies. It is recommended that these patients receive a skin allergy test while preparing a strong history of food allergies or when the frequency of migraine attacks does not decrease significantly despite proper prophylaxis.
Relationship between Helicobacter pylori and Periodontal Diseases: A Meta-Analysis Study and Systematic Review
Authors: Jalili Mahsa , Mahmoodabadi Khadijeh Abdal , Sayehmiri Kourosh 
Published: August 2020

Objective:
The present study aimed at the evaluation of the association between H. pylori and periodontal diseases by systematic review and meta-analysis study.

Materials and Methods:
We searched databases, including PubMed, SID, Magiran, Google Scholar, and Iranmedex using the following keywords in English: H. pylori, tooth decay, oral infection, dental infection, gingival infection and periodontal diseases. Data was analyzed using a meta-analysis and random effect model. Heterogeneity of studies was assessed using the I2 index, and data was finally analyzed with STATA (Version 11.2).

Results:
Among 10 articles reviewed that included 56,334 samples, results showed that association between H. pylori and periodontal diseases was significant with OR (odds ratio) = 1.13 (95% CI: 1.04 to 1.24).

Conclusion:
The results reveal that H. pylori can be one of the main causes of periodontal diseases. Thus, a novel way should be employed for the complete management of H. pylori infections.
User Experiences With and Recommendations for Mobile Health Technology for Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy: Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Jongsma Karin Rolanda , van den Heuvel Josephus F M , Rake Jasmijn , Bredenoord Annelien L , Bekker Mireille N 
Published: August 2020

Background
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) are a primary cause of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes worldwide. For women at risk of hypertensive complications, guidelines recommend frequent surveillance of blood pressure and signs of preeclampsia. Clinic visits range from every 2 weeks to several times a week. Given the wide ubiquity of smartphones and computers in most countries and a growing attention for self-management, digital technologies, including mobile health (mHealth), constitute a promising component of monitoring (self-measured) blood pressure during pregnancy. Currently, little is known about the experiences of women using such platforms and how mHealth can be aligned with their needs and preferences.

Objective
The objectives were twofold: (1) to explore the experiences of Dutch women who had an increased risk of HDP with a blended care approach (mHealth combined with face-to-face care) for remote self-monitoring of blood pressure and preeclampsia symptoms and (2) to formulate recommendations for the use and integration of mHealth in clinical care.

Methods
Alongside a prospective blended care study (SAFE@home study) that monitors pregnant women at increased risk of HPD with mHealth technology, a mixed methods study was conducted, including questionnaires (n=52) and interviews (n=11). Results were analyzed thematically.

Results
Of the 4 themes, 2 themes were related to the technologies themselves (expectations, usability), and 2 themes were related to the interaction and use of mHealth (autonomy and responsibilities of patients, responsibilities of health care professionals). First, the digital platform met the expectations of patients, which contributed to user satisfaction. Second, the platform was considered user-friendly, and patients favored different moments and frequencies for measuring their blood pressure. Third, patient autonomy was mentioned in terms of increased insight about their own condition and being able to influence clinical decision making. Fourth, clinical expertise of health care professionals was considered essential to interpret the data, which translates to subsequent responsibilities for clinical management. Data from the questionnaires and interviews corresponded.

Conclusions
Blended care using an mHealth tool to monitor blood pressure in pregnancy was positively evaluated by its users. Insights from participants led to 7 recommendations for designing and implementing similar interventions and to enhance future, morally sound use of digital technologies in clinical care.
Web-Based Virtual Learning Environment for Medicine Administration in Pediatrics and Neonatology: Content Evaluation
Authors: Pereira Alayne Larissa Martins , Leon Casandra Genoveva Rosales Martins Ponce , Ribeiro Laiane Medeiros , Brasil Guilherme Da Costa , Carneiro Karen Karoline Gouveia , Vieira Géssica Borges , Barbalho Yuri Gustavo De Sousa , Silva Izabel Cristina Rodrigues Da , Funghetto Silvana Schwerz 
Published: August 2020

Background
Worldwide, patient safety has been a widely discussed topic and has currently become one of the greatest challenges for health institutions. This concern is heightened when referring to children.

Objective
The goal of this study was to develop a virtual learning environment for medication administration, as a tool to facilitate the training process of undergraduate nursing students.

Methods
Descriptive research and methodological development with a quantitative and qualitative approach were used with stages of design-based research as methodological strategies. For the development of the virtual environment, 5 themes were selected: rights of medication administration, medication administration steps, medication administration routes, medication calculation, and nonpharmacological actions for pain relief. After development, 2 groups—expert judges in the field of pediatrics and neonatology for environment validation and undergraduate nursing students for the assessment—were used to assess the virtual learning environment. For the validation of the virtual learning environment by expert judges, the content validity index was used, and for the evaluation of the students, the percentage of agreement was calculated.

Results
The study included 13 experts who positively validated the virtual environment with a content validity index of 0.97, and 26 students who considered the content suitable for nursing students, although some adjustments are necessary.

Conclusions
The results show the benefit of the virtual learning environment to the training of nursing students and professional nurses who work in health care. It is an effective educational tool for teaching medication administration in pediatrics and neonatology and converges with the conjectures of active methodologies.
Lessons Learned From an Evaluation of Serious Gaming as an Alternative to Mannequin-Based Simulation Technology: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Benda Natalie C , Kellogg Kathryn M , Hoffman Daniel J , Fairbanks Rollin J , Auguste Tamika 
Published: August 2020

Background
The use of new technology like virtual reality, e-learning, and serious gaming can offer novel, more accessible options that have been demonstrated to improve learning outcomes.

Objective
The aim of this study was to compare the educational effectiveness of serious game–based simulation training to traditional mannequin-based simulation training and to determine the perceptions of physicians and nurses. We used an obstetric use case, namely electronic fetal monitoring interpretation and decision making, for our assessment.

Methods
This study utilized a mixed methods approach to evaluate the effectiveness of the new, serious game–based training method and assess participants’ perceptions of the training. Participants were randomized to traditional simulation training in a center with mannequins or serious game training. They then participated in an obstetrical in-situ simulation scenario to assess their learning. Participants also completed a posttraining perceptions questionnaire.

Results
The primary outcome measure for this study was the participants’ performance in an in-situ mannequin-based simulation scenario, which occurred posttraining following a washout period. No significant statistical differences were detected between the mannequin-based and serious game–based groups in overall performance, although the study was not sufficiently powered to conclude noninferiority. The survey questions were tested for significant differences in participant perceptions of the educational method, but none were found. Qualitative participant feedback revealed important areas for improvement, with a focus on game realism.

Conclusions
The serious game training tool developed has potential utility in providing education to those without access to large simulation centers; however, further validation is needed to demonstrate if this tool is as effective as mannequin-based simulation.
Discharge Instruction Reminders Via Text Messages After Benign Gynecologic Surgery: Quasi-Experimental Feasibility Study (Preprint)
Authors: Sajnani Jocelyn , Swan Kimberly , Wolff Sharon , Drummond Kelsi 
Published: August 2020

BACKGROUND

With the implementation of enhanced recovery after surgery protocols and same-day hospital discharge, patients are required to take on increasing responsibility for their postoperative care. Various approaches to patient information delivery have been investigated and have demonstrated improvement in patient retention of instructions and patient satisfaction.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of implementing a postoperative text messaging service in the benign gynecologic population.

METHODS

We used a quasi-experimental study design to evaluate patients undergoing outpatient laparoscopic surgery for benign disease with a minimally invasive gynecologist at an academic medical center between October 2017 and March 2018. In addition to routine postoperative instructions, 19 text messages were designed to provide education and support to postoperative gynecologic patients. Patients were contacted by telephone 3 weeks postoperatively and surveyed about their satisfaction and feelings of connectedness during their recovery experience. Demographic and operative information was gathered through chart review. The cost to implement text messages was US $2.85 per patient.

RESULTS

A total of 185 patients were eligible to be included in this study. Of the 100 intended intervention participants, 20 failed to receive text messages, leaving an 80% success in text delivery. No patients opted out of messaging. A total of 28 patients did not participate in the postrecovery survey, leaving 137 patients with outcome data (control, n=75; texting, n=62). Satisfaction, determined by a score ≥9 on a 10-point scale, was 74% (46/62) in the texting group and 63% (47/75) in the control group (<i>P</i>=.15). Connectedness (score ≥9) was reported by 64% (40/62) in the texting group compared with 44% (33/75) in the control group (<i>P</i>=.02). Overall, 65% (40/62) of those in the texting group found the texts valuable (score ≥9).

CONCLUSIONS

Postoperative text messages increased patients’ perceptions of connection with their health care team and may also increase their satisfaction with their recovery process. Errors in message delivery were identified. Given the increasing emphasis on patient experience and cost effectiveness in health care, an adequately powered future study to determine statistically significant differences in patient experience and resource use would be appropriate.
Ring Konteks Morita dalam Suatu Ring Artin Sederhana
Authors: Dahoklory Novita , Wijayanti Indah Emilia , Sutopo Sutopo 
Published: August 2020

Diberikan ring R dan S, suatu (R,S)−bimodul V , dan suatu (S,R)−bimodul W. Misalkan T merupakan ring konteks Morita dengan komponen penyusunnya adalah R,V,W, dan S. Q(R) ring hasil bagi R, Q(S) ring hasil bagi S, Q(V ) modul hasil bagi V , dan Q(W) modul hasil bagi W. Dalam penelitian ini, ring T diasumsikan sebagai ring Goldie prima dengan ring hasil bagi dari T adalah Q(T) dengan komponen penyusunnya adalah Q(R),Q(V),Q(W), dan Q(S). Dengan kata lain, T merupakan order dalam suatu ring Artin sederhana Q(T). Lebih lanjut, akan diberikan beberapa syarat perlu dan cukup ring T merupakan order maksimal dan order Asano.