bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Downregulation of MYO1C mediated by cepharanthine inhibits autophagosome-lysosome fusion through blockade of the F-actin network
Authors: Zhang Yanhao , Jiang Xiuxing , Deng Qin , Gao Ziyi , Tang Xiangyu , Fu Ruoqiu , Hu Jinjiao , Li Yunong , Li Lirong , Gao Ning 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
MYO1C, an actin-based motor protein, is involved in the late stages of autophagosome maturation and fusion with the lysosome. The molecular mechanism by which MYO1C regulates autophagosome-lysosome fusion remains largely unclear.

Methods
Western blotting was used to determine the expression of autophagy-related proteins. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to observe the ultrastructural changes. An immunoprecipitation assay was utilized to detect protein-protein interactions. Immunofluorescence analysis was used to detect autophagosome-lysosome fusion and colocalization of autophagy-related molecules. An overexpression plasmid or siRNA against MYO1C were sequentially introduced into human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells.

Results
We show here that cepharanthine (CEP), a novel autophagy inhibitor, inhibited autophagy/mitophagy through blockage of autophagosome-lysosome fusion in human breast cancer cells. Mechanistically, we found for the first time that MYO1C was downregulated by CEP treatment. Furthermore, the interaction/colocalization of MYO1C and F-actin with either LC3 or LAMP1 was inhibited by CEP treatment. Knockdown of MYO1C further decreased the interaction/colocalization of MYO1C and F-actin with either LC3 or LAMP1 inhibited by CEP treatment, leading to blockade of autophagosome-lysosome fusion. In contrast, overexpression of MYO1C significantly restored the interaction/colocalization of MYO1C and F-actin with either LC3 or LAMP1 inhibited by CEP treatment.

Conclusion
These findings highlight a key role of MYO1C in the regulation of autophagosome-lysosome fusion through F-actin remodeling. Our findings also suggest that CEP could potentially be further developed as a novel autophagy/mitophagy inhibitor, and a combination of CEP with classic chemotherapeutic drugs could become a promising treatment for breast cancer.
Characteristics of patients treated by the Danish Helicopter Emergency Medical Service from 2014-2018: a nationwide population-based study
Authors: Alstrup Karen , Møller Thea Palsgaard , Knudsen Lars , Hansen Troels Martin , Petersen Jens Aage Kølsen , Rognås Leif , Barfod Charlotte 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
A national Helicopter Emergency Medical Service (HEMS) was introduced in Denmark in 2014 to ensure the availability of physician-led critical care for all patients regardless of location.
Appropriate dispatch of HEMS is known to be complex, and resource utilisation is a highly relevant topic. Population-based studies on patient characteristics are fundamental when evaluating and optimising a system. The aim of this study was to describe the patient population treated by the Danish HEMS in terms of demographics, pre-hospital diagnostics, severity of illness or injury, and the critical care interventions performed.

Method
The study is a retrospective nationwide population-based study based on data gathered from the Danish HEMS database. We included primary missions resulting in a patient encounter registered between October 1st 2014 and April 30th 2018.

Results
Of 13.391 dispatches registered in the study period we included 7133 (53%) primary missions with patient encounter: 4639 patients were air lifted to hospital, 174 patients were escorted to hospital by the HEMS physician in an ambulance, and in 2320 cases HEMS assisted the ground crew on scene but did not escort the patient to hospital. Patient age ranged from 0-99 years and 64% of the population were men. The median age was 60 years.
The main diagnostic groups were cardio-vascular emergencies (41%), trauma (23%) and neurological emergencies (16%). In 61% of the cases, the patient was critically ill/injured corresponding to a NACA (National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics) score between 4 and 7 (both included). In more than one third of the missions a critical care intervention was performed. Ultrasound examination and endo-tracheal intubation were the critical care interventions most frequently performed (21% and 20%, respectively).

Conclusion
The national Danish HEMS primarily attends severely ill or injured patients and often perform critical care interventions. In addition, the Danish HEMS provides rapid transport to highly specialised treatment for patients in the more rural parts of the country.
Patients with cardio-vascular emergencies, trauma and neurological emergencies are among those patient groups most commonly seen.
We conclude that the overall dispatch profile appears appropriate but emphasise that continuous development and refinement is essential.
Level of medication self-management capacity among patients on ambulatory care exiting hospital pharmacy at Muhimbili National Hospital, Tanzania: a descriptive cross-sectional study
Authors: Mlyuka Hamu , Salehe Hija , Mikomangwa Wigilya , Kilonzi Manase , Marealle Alphonce , Mutagonda Ritah , Bwire George M. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Objectives
Medication management capacity of a patient on ambulatory care is direct related to adherence. To our knowledge data on medication management capacity for ambulatory care patients exiting outpatient pharmacy outlets in Tanzania are scarce. This study aimed to determine the level of medication management capacity among patients on ambulatory care exiting Muhimbili National Hospital outpatient pharmacy outlet.

Results
A total of 424 patients on ambulatory care participated in the study. Three hundred eighty-seven (91.3%) out of 424 interview questionnaires had complete data and qualified for data analysis. Majority (62.3%) out of 387 study participants had poor medication management capacity; 65.3% out of 387 patients were unable to correctly read the prescription and match the drugs they are carrying. More than half (57.4%) out of 387 participants were unable to correctly take the dose, 73.9% out of 387 were unable to correctly tell the dosing frequency and duration. Only 10.6% out 155 patients with prescription containing drugs with warning or precaution or contraindication or potential side effects were aware.
Multiple particle filtering for tracking wireless agents via Monte Carlo likelihood approximation
Authors: Schlupkothen Stephan , Ascheid Gerd 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The localization of multiple wireless agents via, for example, distance and/or bearing measurements is challenging, particularly if relying on beacon-to-agent measurements alone is insufficient to guarantee accurate localization. In these cases, agent-to-agent measurements also need to be considered to improve the localization quality. In the context of particle filtering, the computational complexity of tracking many wireless agents is high when relying on conventional schemes. This is because in such schemes, all agents’ states are estimated simultaneously using a single filter. To overcome this problem, the concept of multiple particle filtering (MPF), in which an individual filter is used for each agent, has been proposed in the literature. However, due to the necessity of considering agent-to-agent measurements, additional effort is required to derive information on each individual filter from the available likelihoods. This is necessary because the distance and bearing measurements naturally depend on the states of two agents, which, in MPF, are estimated by two separate filters. Because the required likelihood cannot be analytically derived in general, an approximation is needed. To this end, this work extends current state-of-the-art likelihood approximation techniques based on Gaussian approximation under the assumption that the number of agents to be tracked is fixed and known. Moreover, a novel likelihood approximation method is proposed that enables efficient and accurate tracking. The simulations show that the proposed method achieves up to 22% higher accuracy with the same computational complexity as that of existing methods. Thus, efficient and accurate tracking of wireless agents is achieved.
Measurement of antibacterial properties of foil-backed electrospun nanofibers
Authors: Wagner-Graham Mary Ann , Barndt Herbert , Sunderland Mark Andrew 
Published: November 2019

AbstractCurrent methodologies for evaluation of antibacterial properties of traditional textiles are not applicable to foil-backed, poorly-absorbent electrospun nanofiber materials, since existing test methods require absorbent fabrics. Since electrospun nanofibers are adhered to the foil backing only by electrostatic interactions, methods used to evaluate antibacterial properties of surfaces cannot be used because these protocols cause the nanofibers to lift from the foil backing. Therefore, a novel method for measurement of the antibacterial properties of electrospun metallic foil-backed nanofiber materials was developed. This method indicated that acetate-based nanofibers manufactured to contain 5 to 30 weight percent of cold-pressed hemp seed oil or full-spectrum hemp extract inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus in a dose-dependent manner, from 85.3% (SEM = 2.2) inhibition to 99.3% (SEM = 0.15) inhibition, respectively. This testing method represents an advanced manufacturing prototype procedure for assessment of antibacterial properties of novel electrospun, metallic foil-backed nanofiber materials.
Reproducibility and relative validity of a newly developed web-based food-frequency questionnaire for assessment of preconception diet
Authors: Salvesen L. , Hillesund E. R. , Vik F. N. , Brantsæter A. L. , Øverby N. C. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
The importance of diet and nutrition during preconception age is a window of opportunity to promote future parental and transgenerational health. As a sub-study to a large Norwegian study, ‘Diet today – health of tomorrow’, a food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was developed to assess diet during the preconception phase in young adults aged 20 – 30 years and in this paper we report the reproducibility and relative validity of this questionnaire.

Methods
The FFQ was developed from an existing FFQ validated in adolescents. Participants were recruited on social media and at a university. Reproducibility was assessed by comparing the test and retest of the FFQ. Relative validity was assessed by comparing intake measured by the FFQ with a 7-day weighed food record. Energy, nutrients and food intake were used to assess the reproducibility and relative validity of the FFQ. The study applied the Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient, percentage of agreement and Cohen’s Kappa to assess reproducibility and validity.

Results
There were 32 participants recruited to the study, of which 21 participants completed both the test-retest reproducibility and the relative validation. The test-retest reproducibility had a median correlation coefficient of 0.85 for energy and nutrients, a median Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient of 0.75 and a median Cohen’s Kappa of 0.51 for food groups. The relative validity of the FFQ had a median correlation coefficient of 0.59 for energy and nutrients, a median Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient of 0.54 and a median Cohen’s Kappa of 0.28 for food groups.

Conclusion
This newly developed FFQ for preconception diet in young adults had a satisfactory test-retest reproducibility and fair relative validity.
Toward Formulating Evidence-Based Principles of LGB-Affirmative Psychotherapy
Authors: Proujansky Rachel A. , Pachankis John E. 
Published: November 2019

In this commentary, we review eight potential LGB-affirmative psychotherapy principles for improving minority stress coping among sexual minority clients. We illustrate these principles with examples from both Mandel’s (2014) treatment approach and our clinical research team’s recent attempt to create and test the efficacy of a treatment employing these principles in an ongoing randomized controlled trial. These principles are grounded in empirical research regarding the mechanisms through which minority stress compromises the mental health of sexual minority individuals and are supported by clinical expert consensus. The specific principles that we review include: 1) normalizing the mental health impact of minority stress, 2) facilitating emotion awareness, regulation, and acceptance, 3) decreasing avoidance, 4) restructuring minority stress cognitions, 5) empowering sexual minority clients to communicate assertively, 6) validating sexual minority individuals’ unique strengths, 7) building supportive relationships, and 8) affirming healthy, rewarding expressions of sexuality. We believe that Mandel’s skillful approach to helping her hybrid client Adam cope with minority stressors, such as internalized homophobia, and associated mental health problems such as substance abuse and depression, to form a healthy identity as a gay man represents an exemplary demonstration of these principles in action.
Moral Judgment Competence Between Systems and Administration Students
Authors: Francia Victor Hugo Robles 
Published: November 2019

It is assumed that the university education positively impacts the student’s moral reasoning. The purpose of this research was to examine the Moral judgment competence MJC between systems and management students at a public university in Hidalgo, Mexico. The effectiveness of their curricula and the university years have impact on students’ moral judgment competence. Data was collected through survey exploration with the Moral Judgment Test completed by 272 administration students and 79 systems students of all semesters. The moral judgment competence was evaluated by C index. The C index score was higher for the management than the systems students. The C index score was slightly lower for senior than freshman students. The scholar years did not improve the senior students’ C index, more years of university career were not associated with the senior students’ C index score. Additionally, the results indicated that moral judgment Competence is the same in any gender of the students. Planned moral judgment competence in university curricula is necessary to improve students’ moral reasoning. In this paper, background, theoretical framework, results are discussed.
Dialogiczność jako warunek konstytuowania się podmiotu. Refleksje wokół Sporu o podmiotowość
Authors: Skrzypczak Alicja 
Published: November 2019

The aim of the paper is to show the conditions of subjectivity constitution in terms of dialogue and the figure of the Other. The analytical and hermeneutical approach I hold is the foundation of interdisciplinary attempt to describe possible concepts of shared relation of the terms: consciousness, subjectivity and identity. The three appear to be recognized only in the ethical situation. It requires taking responsibility for the Other, for giving him the identity which mirrors one’s subjectivity. In this way the subject learns the limits and chances for gaining self-knowledge. The paper also presents a new approach towards redefining the definition of subjectivity, which includes artificially and medically enhanced entities.
Komplexe Überlieferungssituationen und Probleme des Autorisationsbegriffs, am Beispiel Goethes
Authors: Pravida Dietmar , Brüning Gerrit 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The paper discusses the problems of complex textual transmission, as is typical for the works of Goethe. The method of eclectic editing as practiced by earlier editors was ruled out by the modern concept of ‘authorization’ introduced by Siegfried Scheibe in 1971. The history of the concept of ‘authorization’ shows that Scheibe’s definition of ‘authorization’ is misconstrued on conceptual reasons alone. Besides, it is closely tied to bygone polemical purposes and does not allow complex textual transmission (as in the case of Faust II) to be adequately dealt with. Hans Zeller, by contrast, proposed to reconsider complex textual transmissions and their consequences for editorial theory in 1989. This reconsideration, however, has failed to take place so far. The new Faust edition (2018) proposes an editorial solution to the problem with a non-documentary yet historically specific (i. e. non-eclectic) way of constituting the text. Scheibe’s primary editorial objectives may be better achieved without the concept of authorization which it is proposed should be dropped altogether.
Persönliche Schriften: ‘Scalable reading’ für Briefe, Tagebücher und Notizen
Authors: Hildenbrandt Vera , Kamzelak Roland S. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Criteria for distinguishing between correspondences, diaries and notes are soft. Almost all elements to markup letters are needed for the description of diaries or notes and vice versa. So these document types can be grouped as personal writings and explored together rather than separately. The essay argues in favor of the similarities rather than the differences between the material and for a markup that in a portal allows scalable reading to help find new research questions and answers.
Oligarchs in Ukrainian Foreign Policymaking: Examining Influences in Transnational Politics
Authors: Zubytska Lidiya 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In this research I argue that the oligarchic interests in Ukraine are key components in understanding how Ukraine’s leaders built the country’s foreign relations with the EU and Russia in the post-Orange revolution period, under the presidency of Viktor Yushchenko and in the first two years of Viktor Yanukovych, from 2005 to 2012. The uncertainty of the Ukrainian political transition put distinct constraints on its political actors and prompted them to rely on economic elites rather than voters to secure personal political gains, thereby opening the foreign policy decision-making process to the interests of oligarchs who stood behind the two presidents.
The Business-superman: Oligarchs Justifying Giving in Post-Soviet Ukraine
Authors: Söderbaum Hanna 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This paper examines the self-proclaimed public role of two Ukrainian oligarchs with special attention to how they justify their initiatives surrounding giving. Since the term oligarch has generally negative connotations in Ukrainian society, individuals who are in the public eye and perceived of as oligarchs have a strong need for legitimacy. The assumption is that the increased engagement in giving among the wealthy elite is connected to this need. Building on the theory of justifications and logics of worth by Boltanski & Thevenot and Boltanski & Chiapello, this study examines the donors’ perspective of the phenomenon: How do wealthy elite actors and their charitable organizations’ representatives explain their engagement in giving and their choice of philanthropic causes? The analysis builds on interviews with oligarchs published in the Ukrainian and international press as well as original interviews with foundation directors and employees. This paper demonstrates, on the one hand, an increasingly strong preference for efficiency, systemic approaches and statistics, belonging to the managerial world of worth. On the other hand, reference to authority, responsibility, loyalty and personal connections, belonging to the domestic world of worth, are also important in the value system. These two types of worth logics, in combination with a rhetoric of the inefficiency of the state, create the promotion of a self-appointed business-superman. Contrary to Schumpeter’s thesis of the dying entrepreneur, the dynamic of justification logics suggests that the current kind of capitalistic entrepreneur is highly sensitive and adjustable to social and political changes.
Global Arms Production and Ukraine’s Unpredictable Soviet Inheritance
Authors: Kulick Orysia 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Ukraine is very much a part of the global arms trade – both as a producer of components of military hardware, as well as a source of illicit weapons fuelling conflicts worldwide. The latter development has in fact become worse since the outbreak of war in the Donbass in 2014. Part of this connectivity to global markets is bound up in the country’s Soviet inheritance, a vast network of military-industrial facilities that underpinned defence production in the 1950s-1980s. The Soviets were then engaged in a power struggle with the West over geopolitical influence, military superiority and, of course, nuclear parity. A far less understood consequence of this focus on defence was its impact on Soviet politics, particularly the rising prominence of regional economic elites from southeastern Ukraine, who came to be disproportionately represented in the Kremlin under the leadership of Nikita Khrushchev and Leonid Brezhnev. This article examines this inheritance in three parts. The first maps out how changing economic and security priorities after Stalin laid the groundwork for regional elites in Dnipropetrovsk, Kyiv, Donetsk, and Kharkiv to cluster in significant ways, fundamentally altering the political landscape of the Soviet Union. The second part examines how that landscape was changed by the dissolution of the union and independence in 1991, in particular, how denuclearization, reforms to the defence sector and privatization altered the relationship of regional economic elites to centres of power in Moscow and Kyiv and made the emergence of the oligarchs possible. The third and final part examine continuities between past and present as it pertains to the current historical moment, specifically lingering infrastructural concerns and conflicts of interest that precipitated a major conflict between the Soviet Union’s two largest successor states.
Die Rübenzuckerindustrie im Süd-Westen des Zarenreiches und die neuen Agrareliten
Authors: Petrenko Olena 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In the second half of the 19th century, sugar beet started its triumphal march through the southern provinces of the Russian Empire, where it soon became a main crop in the process of the modernization of agriculture. The beet-growing agricultural enterprises were considered by the state authorities as prime examples for the use of modern technology, increasing yields and more efficient organization of labour. Entrepreneurs from the sugar beet industry were people of very different social background. Using individual educational and capital resources, they benefitted enormously from the recently discovered sugar-bearing crop.
This contribution focuses on the emergence and establishment of the beet sugar industry and the associated emergence of a new agrarian elite. Petrenko outlines the spread of beet sugar production in the Russian Empire, paying particular attention to its south-western region. Focusing on the development of the beet sugar industry, her analysis sheds light on the connections between the onset of modernization and the actions of individual actors. In order to illustrate the new entrepreneurial activity, this contribution outlines the rise and fall of the two rural “beet sugar dynasties” – that of the Yahnenko and the Symyrenko families.