bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increased activation of PI3 kinase-δ predisposes to B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Durandy Anne , Kracker Sven 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Activated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-δ (PI3K-δ) syndrome (APDS) is a rare primary combined immunodeficiency caused by either dominant gain-of-function mutations in the PIK3CD gene encoding the catalytic subunit p110δ of PI3K-δ (referred to as type 1 APDS) or dominant loss-of-function mutations in the PIK3R1 gene encoding the p85α, p55α, and p50α regulatory subunits (type 2 APDS). In types 1 and 2 APDS, the PI3K-δ hyperactivity resulting from the gene mutations leads to similar clinical presentations, characterized by increased susceptibility to bacterial and viral infections and (to a lesser extent) autoimmune manifestations. A hallmark of this disease is lymphoproliferation, which may even be life threatening and require repeated surgical treatment. A major complication of APDS is malignancy (especially B-cell lymphomas), which greatly worsens the prognosis. Here, we review the different neoplastic conditions observed in patients with APDS and discuss the uncontrolled PI3K-δ activity in B and T cells that leads to malignant transformation.
Effect of Joule Heating on Resistive Switching Characteristic in AlOx Cells Made by Thermal Oxidation Formation
Authors: Zhang Xinxin , Xu Ling , Zhang Hui , Liu Jian , Tan Dingwen , Chen Liangliang , Ma Zhongyuan , Li Wei 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe AlOx-based resistive switching memory device is fabricated by an oxidation diffusion process that involves depositing an Al film on an ITO substrate and annealing at 400 °C in a vacuum. An AlOx interface layer with a thickness of ~ 20 nm is formed as a resistance switching layer. Bipolar and unipolar resistive switching (RS) behaviours are obtained when the compliance current is limited (≥ 1 mA). In the unipolar RS behaviour, the devices fail to perform set/reset cycles at a low temperature (40 K), which suggests that Joule heating is essential for the unipolar RS behaviour. In the bipolar RS behaviour, the abrupt reset transforms into a gradual reset with decreasing temperature, which suggests that Joule heating affects the rupture of the conductive filament. In addition, the conductive mechanisms in the high-resistance state and low-resistance state are revealed by the temperature dependence of the I-V curves. For the low-resistance state, the conduction mechanism is due to the electron hopping mechanism, with a hopping activation energy of 9.93 meV. For the high-resistance state, transport mechanism is dominated by the space-charge-limited conduction (SCLC) mechanism.
New Immunosensing-Fluorescence Detection of Tumor Marker Cytokeratin-19 Fragment (CYFRA 21-1) Via Carbon Quantum Dots/Zinc Oxide Nanocomposite
Authors: Alarfaj Nawal Ahmed , El-Tohamy Maha Farouk , Oraby Hesham Farouk 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe rapid detection of lung cancer in early stages using the antigen cytokeratin-19 fragment (CYFRA 21-1) as a tumor marker in human serum plays an important role in the survival of patients and taking a fast surgical reaction. This study aimed to employ the green synthesized carbon quantum dots conjugated zinc oxide nanocomposite as a highly sensitive fluorescence immunosensing solution for fast determination of CYFRA 21-1 antigen in human serum. The suggested method was conducted by applying a hydrothermal method to prepare carbon quantum dots using Citrus lemon pericarp. The formed carbon quantum dots were used in the reduction and stabilization of zinc acetate to synthesize carbon quantum dots-zinc oxide nanocomposite. To form a sandwich capping antibody-antigen-antibody immunosensing system, a CYFRA 21-1 antigen was trapped by immobilizing a non-conjugated monoclonal antibody BM 19.21 on the surface of carbon quantum dots-zinc oxide nanocomposite and another monoclonal antibody KS 19.1, which was coated on the microtiter well surface. This system has a tunable fluorescence feature recorded at excitation and emission of λex = 470 and λem = 520 nm, respectively. The suggested nanocomposite fluorescence immunosensing system displayed a linear relationship of 0.01–100 ng mL−1 with a limit of detection of 0.008 ng mL−1. The suggested immunosensing system based on carbon quantum dots-zinc oxide nanocomposite provides a promising approach for rapid diagnoses of lung cancer by detecting CYFRA 21-1 in human serum.
Analytical Validation of Telomere Analysis Technology® for the High-Throughput Analysis of Multiple Telomere-Associated Variables
Authors: de Pedro Nuria , Díez María , García Irene , García Jorge , Otero Lissette , Fernández Luis , García Beatriz , González Rut , Rincón Sara , Pérez Diego , Rodríguez Estefanía , Segovia Enrique , Najarro Pilar 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
A large number of studies have suggested a correlation between the status of telomeres and disease risk. High-throughput quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization (HT Q-FISH) is a highly accurate telomere measurement technique that can be applied to the study of large cell populations. Here we describe the analytical performance testing and validation of Telomere Analysis Technology (TAT®), a laboratory-developed HT Q-FISH-based methodology that includes HT imaging and software workflows that provide a highly detailed view of telomere populations.

Methods
TAT was developed for the analysis of telomeres in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). TAT was compared with Terminal Restriction Fragment (TRF) length analysis, and tested for accuracy, precision, limits of detection (LOD) and specificity, reportable range and reference range.

Results
Using 6 different lymphocyte cell lines, we found a high correlation between TAT and TRF for telomere length (R2 ≥ 0.99). The standard variation (assay error) of TAT was 454 base pairs, and the limit of detection of 800 base pairs. A standard curve was constructed to cover human median reportable range values and defined its lower limit at 4700 bp and upper limits at 14,400 bp. Using TAT, up to 223 telomere associated variables (TAVs) can be obtained from a single sample. A pilot, population study, of telomere analysis using TAT revealed high accuracy and reliability of the methodology.

Conclusions
Analytical validation of TAT shows that is a robust and reliable technique for the characterization of a detailed telomere profile in large cell populations. The combination of high-throughput imaging and software workflows allows for the collection of a large number of telomere-associated variables from each sample, which can then be used in epidemiological and clinical studies.
Proteomics profiling and pathway analysis of hippocampal aging in rhesus monkeys
Authors: Meng Shu , Xia Wenchao , Pan Meng , Jia Yangjie , He Zhanlong , Ge Wei 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
Aged rhesus monkeys exhibit deficits in memory mediated by the hippocampus. Although extensive research has been carried out on the characteristics of human hippocampal aging, there is still very little scientific understanding of the changes associated with hippocampal aging in rhesus monkeys. To explore the proteomics profiling and pathway-related changes in the rhesus hippocampus during the aging process, we conducted a high throughput quantitative proteomics analysis of hippocampal samples from two groups of rhesus macaques aged 6 years and 20 years, using 2-plex tandem mass tag (TMT) labeling. In addition, we used a comprehensive bioinformatics analysis approach to investigate the enriched signaling pathways of differentially expressed proteins (the ratios of 20-years vs. 6-years, ≥ 1.20 or ≤ 0.83).

Results
In total, 3260 proteins were identified with a high level of confidence in rhesus hippocampus. We found 367 differentially expressed proteins related to rhesus hippocampus aging. Based on biological pathway analysis, we found these aging-related proteins were predominantly enriched in the electron transport chain, NRF2 pathway, focal adhesion–PI3K–AKT–mTOR signaling pathway and cytoplasmic ribosome proteins. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD011398.

Conclusion
This study provides a detail description of the proteomics profile related to rhesus hippocampal aging. These findings should make an important contribution to further mechanistic studies, marker selection and drug development for the prevention and treatment of aging or age-related neurodegeneration.
Needle tract seeding recurrence of pancreatic cancer in the gastric wall with paragastric lymph node metastasis after endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration followed by pancreatectomy: a case report and literature review
Authors: Sato Nami , Takano Shigetsugu , Yoshitomi Hideyuki , Furukawa Katsunori , Takayashiki Tsukasa , Kuboki Satoshi , Suzuki Daisuke , Sakai Nozomu , Kagawa Shingo , Mishima Takashi , Nakadai Eri , Mikata Rintaro , Kato Naoya , Ohtsuka Masayuki 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundEndoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) has high accuracy and a low complication rate; therefore, it has been widely used as a useful tool for diagnosis of and to determine treatment strategies for pancreatic tumors. Recently, reports of the recurrence of needle tract seeding after EUS-FNA are emerging.Case presentationAn 83-year-old woman was referred to our hospital to undergo further examination of her pancreatic tumor. Multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) revealed a 25-mm-diameter mass in the pancreatic body. She underwent EUS-FNA (transgastric, 22-G needle, 2 passes) and was subsequently diagnosed with adenocarcinoma. Distal pancreatosplenectomy followed by adjuvant chemotherapy with S-1 for 6 months was performed. The level of carbohydrate antigen 19–9 gradually increased 22 months after surgery, and MDCT, which was performed 3 months later, revealed a 23-mm low-density mass in the stomach and paragastric lymph node swelling. Gastroendoscopy revealed a submucosal tumor, and endoscopic ultrasound revealed a hypoechoic mass in the submucosa of the gastric wall. Partial gastrectomy with lymph node resection was performed. The pathological findings showed adenocarcinoma extending from the subserosa to the submucosa and lymph node metastasis, consistent with a tumor recurrence from the resected pancreatic tumor. She received adjuvant chemotherapy with S-1; recurrence was not observed for 5 months, at the time of this writing.ConclusionIt is important to pay careful attention to the development of needle tract seeding in patients with pancreatic cancer diagnosed by EUS-FNA. This is the first case of needle tract seeding with lymph node metastasis, highlighting the need for caution and providing novel insight in the postoperative follow-up of patients with pancreatic body/tail cancer.
Diagnosis of severe community-acquired pneumonia caused by Acinetobacter baumannii through next-generation sequencing: a case report
Authors: Xu Ancong , Zhu Hong , Gao Bingqi , Weng Haixu , Ding Zhangna , Li Mianmian , Weng Xing , He Guoxin 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
Acinetobacter baumannii is a gram-negative aerobic bacillus that is commonly causes of hospital-acquired infections. Community-acquired pneumonia caused by Acinetobacter baumannii (CAP-Ab) is rare but fatal if diagnosis and treatment are delayed. Conventional culture of clinical specimens is the main method for clinical diagnosis of A. baumannii infections which may suffer from limited positive rate and is time consuming. Timely and precise diagnosis of CAP-Ab remains challenging.

Case presentation
A 66-year-old man with 24 h history of acute fever and dyspnea was admitted to our hospital. He was diagnosed as severe community acquired pneumonia (CAP), septic shock, respiratory failure and acute kidney injury. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) was performed on the patient’s sputum and blood, which identified numerous A. baumannii nucleotide sequences in the sample of sputum and led to the rapid diagnosis and treatment of community acquired pneumonia caused by A. baumannii. This result was confirmed by subsequent sputum culture.

Conclusions
This case described that the successful application of the next generation sequencing assisting the speedy diagnosis of A. baumannii infection provides a new idea for the timely diagnosis of CAP-Ab and highlights that NGS is a promising tool in rapid etiological diagnosis of acute and severe infectious diseases.
Hepatitis B testing, treatment, and virologic suppression in HIV-infected patients in Cameroon (ANRS 12288 EVOLCAM)
Authors:   for the EVOLCAM study group, Liégeois Florian , Boyer Sylvie , Eymard-Duvernay Sabrina , Carrieri Patrizia , Kouanfack Charles , Domyeum Jenny , Maradan Gwenaëlle , Ducos Jacques , Mpoudi-Ngolé Eitel , Spire Bruno , Delaporte Eric , Kuaban Christopher , Vidal Laurent , Laurent Christian 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
Hepatitis B is a major concern in Africa, especially in HIV-infected patients. Unfortunately, access to hepatitis B virus (HBV) testing and adequate treatment remains a challenge in the continent. We investigated HBV testing, treatment, and virologic suppression in HIV-infected patients followed up as part of Cameroon’s national antiretroviral programme.

Methods
A cross-sectional survey was performed in adult patients receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) in 19 hospitals in the Centre and Littoral regions in Cameroon. The proportions of patients tested for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) prior to the study were compared among all study hospitals using the Chi-square test. The association of individual and hospital-related characteristics with HBV testing and virologic suppression was assessed using multilevel logistic regression models.

Results
Of 1706 patients (women 74%, median age 42 years, median time on ART 3.9 years), 302 (17.7%) had been tested for HBsAg prior to the study. The proportion of HBV-tested patients ranged from 0.8 to 72.5% according to the individual hospital (p < 0.001). HBV testing was lower in women (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.64, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.46–0.89, p = 0.010) and higher in patients who initiated ART in 2010 or later (aOR 1.66, 95% CI 1.23–2.27, p < 0.001). Of 159 HBsAg-positive patients at the time of the study (9.3%), only 97 (61.0%) received Tenofovir + Lamivudine (or Emtricitabine). Of 157 coinfected patients, 114 (72.6%) had a HBV viral load < 10 IU/mL. HBV suppression was higher in patients with a HIV viral load < 300 copies/mL (aOR 3.46, 95% CI 1.48–8.09, p = 0.004) and lower in patients with increased ALT level (aOR 0.86 per 10 IU/mL increase, 95% CI 0.75–0.97, p = 0.019).

Conclusions
A substantial proportion of HIV/HBV coinfected patients were at higher risk of liver disease progression. Improving the management of HBV infection in the routine healthcare setting in Africa is urgently required in order to achieve the 2030 elimination targets. Micro-elimination of HBV infection in people living with HIV could be an easier and cost-effective component than more widely scaling up HBV policies.
Malignant transformation of pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma and differential diagnosis: case report
Authors: Watanabe Noriyuki , Ishikawa Eiichi , Kohzuki Hidehiro , Sakamoto Noriaki , Zaboronok Alexander , Matsuda Masahide , Shibuya Makoto , Matsumura Akira 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundPleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (PXA) is a rare astrocytic glioma, characterized by large pleomorphic and frequently multinucleated cells, spindle and lipidized cells, a dense pericellular reticulin network, and numerous eosinophilic granular bodies according to the grade II glial tumor standards of the World Health Organization’s (WHO) 2016 guidelines. PXA rarely transforms into anaplastic PXA or glioblastoma (GBM) and anaplastic PXA, classified as WHO grade III, has a more aggressive clinical behavior with poorer prognosis than PXA.Case presentationHere we describe an unusual case of PXA in a 19-year-old woman, first admitted with headache and a mass in the left temporal lobe in 2005 that was removed. Twelve years later, she returned with left temporal headache, diplopia and tinnitus. A local tumor recurrence was found, and a second resection was performed. The specimen showed highly malignant findings, such as necrosis, microvascular proliferation, and multiple mitoses. The integrated diagnosis was made as high grade glioma, probably derived from PXA. Immunohistochemical (IHC) stains were positive for oligo2, and approximately 21% positive for Ki-67, while negative for CD34, IDH1 R132H. INI1 and ATRX were retained. As the histological classification was glioblastoma, the patient received GBM-appropriate chemotherapy and radiation therapy and outpatient follow-ups have demonstrated no obvious symptoms for 1 year after surgery. Additional molecular analyses found BRAF V600E mutations in both resections, supporting the idea that the recurrent tumor had derived from PXA.ConclusionsThis case highlights the complexities of differential diagnosis based on the World Health Organization’s 2016 guidelines. More integrated criteria to differentiate anaplastic PXA from GBM and epithelioid GBM, combined with genetic screening results, might be needed.
Posttraumatic stress disorder and risk of selected autoimmune diseases among US military personnel
Authors: Bookwalter Deborah Boggs , Roenfeldt Kimberly A. , LeardMann Cynthia A. , Kong So Yeon , Riddle Mark S. , Rull Rudolph P. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
Increasing evidence suggests a link between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and physical health. Stress disorders may lead to impairment of the immune system and subsequent autoimmune disease. This study investigated the association between PTSD and risk of selected autoimmune diseases (i.e. rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, inflammatory bowel diseases, and multiple sclerosis) among US active duty service members.

Methods
Using data from the Millennium Cohort Study, incident autoimmune cases between study initiation and September 2015 were identified from medical encounter records in the Military Health System Data Repository (MDR). Participants were classified as having a history of PTSD if they self-reported receiving a health care provider’s diagnosis of PTSD or if they screened positive using the PTSD Checklist−Civilian Version. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using multivariable Cox regression models adjusted for demographics and history of another mental health condition.

Results
Among 120,572 participants followed for a mean of 5.2 years, risk of any of the selected autoimmune diseases was 58% higher for those with a history of PTSD (HR = 1.58, 95% CI: 1.25, 2.01) compared with no history of PTSD. Further adjustment for BMI, smoking status, and alcohol use had little impact on the effect estimates, and results were not appreciably different according to combat experience and history of physical or sexual trauma.

Conclusions
Active duty military personnel with PTSD may have an elevated risk of a range of autoimmune diseases, regardless of combat experience or prior trauma. Future research is needed to understand potential mechanisms which may inform future mitigative strategies in reducing extra-neuropsychiatric health problems among those with PTSD.
Evaluation of sleep quality and daytime somnolence in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in pulmonary rehabilitation
Authors: Nobeschi Leandro , Zangirolami-Raimundo Juliana , Cordoni Priscila Kessar , Squassoni Selma Denis , Fiss Elie , Pérez-Riera Andrés Ricardo , de Abreu Luiz Carlos , Raimundo Rodrigo Daminello 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
Dyspnea, fatigue, and decline in sleep quality are symptoms of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Pulmonary rehabilitation programs have been shown to ameliorate dyspnea and fatigue. However, only a few studies have investigated the effects of pulmonary rehabilitation on the sleep quality of COPD patients. In this study, we analyzed the benefits of a pulmonary rehabilitation program to sleep quality and daytime somnolence in COPD patients.

Methods
This study was a study of 30 moderate-severe COPD patients. All patients were evaluated by a pulmonologist and underwent polysomnography before participating in the study. For this study, we selected only ex-smokers and patients with sleep apnea were referred to the sleep clinic. These participants were prospectively recruited and not selected based on program completion. Before the start of the program, sleep quality and daytime somnolence of the participants were evaluated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), respectively. Rehabilitation program consisted of muscular training sessions conducted at the gym 3 times per week for 12 weeks. After rehabilitation program, the patients were reassessed and their sleep quality and daytime somnolence were reevaluated using the PSQI and the ESS, respectively.

Results
Before rehabilitation, PSQI evaluation revealed that 73% of the participants had poor sleep quality, and ESS evaluation showed that 86.7% of the participants experienced daytime somnolence. After pulmonary rehabilitation, the PSQI specifically improved in terms of subjective sleep quality and sleep duration (< 0.001), habitual sleep efficiency (0.001), and sleep latency and sleep alterations (0.002) and there was also improvement in the ESS (< 0.001).

Conclusion
Pulmonary rehabilitation program of gradually increasing intensity has the potential to provide sleep-related benefits to patients with COPD who have poor sleep quality and daytime somnolence.

Trial registration
Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Clínicos (ReBEC) RBR62b4z2.
Development of a Greek Oral health literacy measurement instrument: GROHL
Authors: Taoufik Konstantina , Divaris Kimon , Kavvadia Katerina , Koletsi-Kounari Haroula , Polychronopoulou Argy 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
Oral health literacy is an important construct for both clinical and public health outcomes research. The need to quantify and test OHL has led to the development of measurement instruments and has generated a substantial body of recent literature. A commonly used OHL instrument is REALD-30, a word recognition scale that has been adapted for use in several languages. The objective of this study was the development and testing of the Greek language oral health literacy measurement instrument (GROHL).

Methods
Data from 282 adult patients of two private dental clinics in Athens, Greece were collected via in-person interviews. Forty-four words were initially considered and tested for inclusion. Item response theory analysis (IRT) and 2-parameter logistic models assessing difficulty and discriminatory ability were used to identify an optimal scale composition. Internal consistency was examined using Cronbach’s alpha and test-retest reliability was measured using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) in a subset of 20 participants over a two-week period. Convergent validity was tested against functional health literacy screening (HLS) items, dental knowledge (DK), oral health behaviors (OHBs), oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL; OHIP-14 index), as well as self-reported oral and general health status.

Results
From an initial item pool of 44 items that were carried forward to IRT, 12 were excluded due to no or little variance, 10 were excluded due to low item-test correlation, and 2 due to insignificant contribution to the scale, i.e., difficulty parameter estimate with p > 0.05. The twenty remaining items composed the final index which showed favorable internal consistency (alpha = 0.80) and test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.95). The summary score distribution did not depart from normality (p = 0.32; mean = 11.5; median = 12; range = 1–20). GROHL scores were positively correlated with favorable oral hygiene behaviors and dental attendance, as well as HLS, DK and education level.

Conclusion
The GROHL demonstrated good psychometric properties and can be used for outcomes research in clinical and public health settings.