bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of pediatric ERCP positioning on procedural outcomes: A single‐center study
Authors: Joseph Michael , Schiff Rebecca , Mark Jacob , Kramer Robert 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjectivesEndoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is traditionally done in the prone position. In pediatrics, patient anatomy and anesthesia practices are considerations that affect procedural success and anesthesia time. The aim of our study was to evaluate the safety, procedural success, and efficiency of pediatric ERCP in the prone versus supine positions.MethodsERCPs from September 2016 to August 2023 were reviewed at our center. Demographic and procedure variables were collected. Multivariate linear regression was performed to determine the effect of patient position on total anesthesia time.ResultsTwo hundred and eighty‐three patients (378 ERCPs) were included. There were significant differences in fellow involvement, proportion of native papillae, procedural indication, and total anesthesia time by ERCP position. Multivariate linear regression found that supine position was associated with 9.3‐min decrease in anesthesia time and American Society of Anesthesiologists Class 1 or 2 was associated with 10.6‐min decrease in anesthesia time. Factors that were associated with increased anesthesia time were additional procedure, increased procedure time, and native papilla. Finally, we found a learning curve for transitioning from prone to supine position was between 10 and 40 cases. After the learning curve, we found 11‐min decrease in mean procedure time and 16‐min decrease in total anesthesia time in the supine position.ConclusionsThis is the first pediatric study to evaluate the role of patient positioning on ERCP outcomes and total anesthesia time. Given similar procedural outcomes, the impact of increased anesthesia time on neurodevelopment in children, and the cost to the patient, the supine position may be preferred to a prone position.
The inhibition of baicalein on pancreatic lipase investigated in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Peng Rui‐Yan , Hu Meng‐Yao , Xu Hai‐Xia , Wang Wen‐Jun , Yin Zhong‐Ping , Chen Ji‐Guang , Zhang Qing‐Feng 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundObesity is increasing seriously worldwide. Inhibiting pancreatic lipase (PL) is an important way to prevent obesity. Baicalein, a dietary flavone, shows various physiological activities and has anti‐obesity potential. Therefore, the inhibitory activity of baicalein on PL was investigated in present study.ResultsBaicalein exhibited a significant inhibitory effect on PL with IC50 value of 68 μg/mL. Inhibition kinetics indicated that baicalein was a mixed‐type inhibitor of PL. Fluorescence titration showed that baicalein could induce fluorescence quenching of PL. The binding constant (logKa) and number of binding sites were calculated as 5.40 and 1.11, respectively. In addition, synchronous fluorescence analysis revealed that the quenching ratio of baicalein to tryptophan was greater than that of tyrosine. Circular dichroism (CD) spectrum showed that the binding of baicalein affected the secondary structure of the enzyme protein. Through molecular docking analysis, it confirmed that baicalein could interact with amino acid residues in lipase, thus reducing the enzyme catalytic activity. In vivo studies showed that oral administration of baicalein with a does of 50 mg/kg bwt significantly reduced fat absorption and increased its fecal excretion in rats.ConclusionBaicalein showed inhibitory activity on PL in both in vitro and in vivo studies. It may be a safe and effective dietary supplement for obesity prevention.
Blood flow restriction training with cross education for quadriceps muscle recovery after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: A prospective, randomized, controlled, single‐blind clinical trial
Authors: Sevinc Ceyda , Gürler Volkan , Harput Gulcan , Ocguder Ali , Ergen F. Bilge , Tunay Volga Bayrakcı 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPurposeRecently, blood flow restriction (BFR) and cross education (CE) trainings are the options for quadriceps strength recovery after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of CE combined with BFR on quadriceps strength and thickness after ACLR.MethodsTwenty‐four male patients [(Age: 24.9 ± 6.3 years, body mass index: 24 ± 2.3 kg/m2) who had undergone ACLR with hamstring autograft were included. At 4 weeks after surgery, the patients were randomly divided into two groups (Group‐1: CE + BFR, n = 13, Group‐2: CE, n = 11). All patients had standardized rehabilitation for their reconstructed limb until 12 weeks postsurgery, and they all received CE training for uninjured limb at isokinetic system (quadriceps eccentric contraction, 60°/s 3‐set 12‐rep, 2‐days in a week) during 8 weeks. Group 2 performed the same CE procedure with BFR. Quadriceps isometric strength was measured using an isokinetic dynamometer, while the thickness of quadriceps (rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis obliquus) and cross‐sectional area of rectus femoris were evaluated using ultrasound pretraining (4th‐week postsurgery) and posttraining (12th‐week postsurgery). Analysis of variance was used for statistical analysis.ResultsGroup‐by‐time interaction and the group main effect were not significant for any measured variables in both limbs (p > 0.05). There was a significant main effect of time observed for quadriceps strength and thickness in involved and uninvolved limbs (p < 0.001, p < 0.05, respectively). In Group 1, the limb symmetry index for quadriceps strength increased from 49.3% to 71.7%, while in Group 2, it increased from 50.9% to 75.2%.ConclusionBFR training, adapted to CE eccentric strengthening, may not be effective for quadriceps muscle strength recovery after ACLR. Further investigations with varied training protocols are needed to research the impact of BFR on CE.Level of EvidenceLevel II randomized controlled trial.
Superior pain relief and quality of life with autografts using semitendinosus or patellar ligament compared to allografts in meniscal reconstruction: A 2‐year prospective comparative study
Authors: Ghandour Maher , Pareek Ayoosh , Onishi Shintaro , Jacquet Christophe , Argenson Jean Noel , Ollivier Mathieu 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPurposeThis study aims to compare the 2‐year clinical outcomes of meniscal reconstructions using allograft versus autograft tissue, with a focus on patient‐reported outcomes, complication rates and surgical revision rates.MethodsThis prospective comparative cohort study included 60 patients (ages 18–60 years) undergoing meniscal reconstruction. Patients were divided into an allograft group (n = 31) and an autograft group (n = 29; Hamstring tendon = 25 and patellar tendons = 4). Clinical outcomes were assessed using the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) score and EuroQol‐5D (EQ‐5D) score. Surgical revision rates, reoperation rates and complication rates were recorded. Time‐to‐reoperation was analyzed using Kaplan–Meier survival curves and a Cox hazards model was used to identify predictors of time‐to‐reoperation/revision (failure).ResultsAt 2 years, the autograft group had higher KOOS pain scores (89.93 vs. 86.87, p = 0.002) and EQ‐5D scores (0.884 vs. 0.802, p = 0.002) compared to the allograft group. There were no differences in KOOS sports, symptoms, activities of daily living or UCLA scores between the groups. The allograft group had a higher complication (relative risk [RR] = 2.34, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.49–11.13, p = 0.266), reoperation (RR = 1.87, 95% CI: 0.51–6.80, p = 0.329) and revision surgery rates (RR = 2.81, 95% CI: 0.31–25.48, p = 0.334), although not statistically significant. Cox modelling identified autograft as a significant predictor of reduced reoperation risk (hazards ratio = 0.057, 95% CI: 0.004–0.036, p = 0.036), with higher preoperative KOOS pain and sports scores also associated with reduced reoperation risk.ConclusionThese preliminary results show that meniscal reconstruction using autograft tissue is associated with better clinical outcomes in terms of pain relief and quality of life, as well as lower reoperation and complication rates, compared to allograft tissue. However, these observations need to be validated by well‐powered research.Level of EvidenceLevel III prospective.
Effects of Eucalypt Monoculture Plantations on Soil Invertebrate Communities: A Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Juan‐Ovejero Raquel , Bartz Marie Luise Carolina , Baretta Dilmar , Sousa José Paulo , Ferreira Verónica 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTEucalypt monoculture plantations can adversely impact soil properties. However, a thorough assessment of their effects on soil invertebrate communities is lacking, impeding our ability to acquire a deeper understanding about the potential impacts of these intensively managed plantations on soil functioning. To quantify the effects of eucalypt plantations on soil invertebrate communities, and to identify the main moderators driving these effects, we performed a meta‐analysis of studies reporting the effects of eucalypt monoculture plantations in comparison with other land use types involving different potential levels of disturbance to the soil matrix (native forests, other forestry plantations, croplands, grasslands, integrated crop‐livestock‐forestry, and invasive copses). We addressed these effects on the density (26 studies contributing 143 comparisons) and diversity (14 studies contributing 168 comparisons) of soil invertebrates. Density was lower in eucalypt plantations than in other forestry plantations, but higher than in grasslands and integrated crop‐livestock‐forestry. Diversity was lower in eucalypt plantations compared to native forests, yet higher when compared with other forestry plantations. When compared with other forestry plantations, the effects of eucalypt plantations on soil invertebrates depended on the type of other forestry plantation, the mean annual temperature, and the annual precipitation. Accounting for the diverse effects of eucalypt plantations relative to other land uses and climatic factors, along with the integration of data on soil physico‐chemical properties and different management practices, can contribute to a better understanding of how changes in land cover impact soil invertebrates and help managers to make informed decisions about the establishment of eucalypt plantations.
Obesity is a risk factor for prolonged mechanical ventilation after tracheotomy
Authors: Tucker Jacqueline , Ruszkay Nicole , Sandifer Sara , King Tonya S. , Goyal Neerav , Goldenberg David , Gniady John P. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo compare patient outcomes across body mass index (BMI) subgroups in the setting of recent tracheotomy.MethodsThis retrospective chart review included patients over 18 years old who underwent tracheotomy placement between February 2017 and March 2020. Patients were divided into five groups based on BMI: underweight, normal weight, overweight, obese, and morbidly obese. Data were collected from the electronic medical record (EMR). Statistical analyses were completed via Kruskal–Wallis, Chi‐square, log‐rank tests, and Cox proportional hazards regression. If significant differences were found between groups, then subsequent pairwise comparisons of BMI were completed.ResultsThere were 391 patients included in the study. There were significant differences in length of stay (p = .015) and duration of mechanical ventilation (p < .001) among the groups. This was mainly driven by comparisons between the normal weight and obese groups, with patients of normal weight having shorter hospital stays and shorter ventilation durations. With each increasing BMI category from normal weight, a greater proportion of patients were ventilator‐dependent at the time of discharge (p < .001). Interestingly, after adjustment for comorbidities, the rate of tracheotomy change was 0.86 times lower for every increase in BMI category (95% CI 0.77–0.96). There was a significant difference among the BMI groups with respect to time to tracheotomy collar placement according to both the log‐rank test (p < .001) and the Cox model with adjustment for the presence of heart failure (p = .011).ConclusionsAmong patients undergoing tracheotomy, obese and morbidly obese patients have increased lengths of hospital stays. Additionally, they are dependent on ventilators for longer and are more likely to be ventilator‐dependent at the time of discharge. It is important to understand how BMI impacts the hospital course for patients undergoing tracheotomy so that patients and their families can be better informed.Level of EvidenceLevel 3.
Designing Age: The Impact of Logo Color Lightness on Brand Age Perception and Brand Attitude
Authors: Zeng Shuaifan , Wu Shuilong , Yuan Yongna , Xu Xiaobing 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTColor is a crucial aspect for companies in brand logo design. This research examines how the lightness of brand logo colors influences consumers' perceptions of brand age and brand attitudes. Five experiments demonstrate that darker logos are associated with an older brand image, while lighter logos are perceived as younger. Additionally, the research shows that brand positioning (modern vs. traditional) moderates the effect of logo color lightness on brand attitude. Traditional brands benefit from a darker logo design that conveys a sense of age, while modern brands are better suited with a lighter design that appears younger. Moreover, this research extends existing findings to consumer product choices, revealing that consumers prefer classic‐style products with dark colors and modern‐style products with light colors. These insights have significant implications for brand logo design and product appearance selection. Companies can strategically adjust the color lightness of their logos and products to convey a younger or older impression, aligning with their desired brand and product characteristics.
Is the Swallow Tail Sign a Useful Imaging Biomarker in Clinical Neurology? A Systematic Review
Authors: Tseriotis Vasilis‐Spyridon , Eleftheriadou Kyriaki , Mavridis Theodoros , Konstantis Georgios , Falkenburger Bjoern , Arnaoutoglou Marianthi 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundLoss of dorsolateral nigral hyperintensity (DNH) in iron‐sensitive sequences of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), also described as “swallow tail sign” (STS) loss, has shown promising diagnostic value in Parkinson's Disease (PD) and Atypical Parkinsonian Syndromes (APS).ObjectiveTo conduct a bibliometric analysis on substantia nigra MRI and a systematic review on the clinical utility of STS visual assessment on Susceptibility‐Weighted Imaging in various clinical entities.MethodsVOSviewer's keyword co‐occurrence network was employed using Web of Science (WOS). Complying with the PRISMA statement, we searched MEDLINE, WOS, SCOPUS, ProQuest and Google Scholar for peer‐reviewed studies conducted in vivo, excluding quantitative imaging techniques.ResultsDNH is a relatively novel parameter in substantia nigra MRI literature. Our SWI‐focused review included 42 studies (3281 patients). Diagnostic accuracy of STS loss for PD/APS differentiation from controls and for Lewy Body Dementia differentiation from other dementias was 47.8–98.5% and 76–90%, respectively, with poorer capacity, however, in delineating PD from APS. STS evaluation in idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder, a sign of prodromal PD, was typically concordant with nuclear scans, identifying subjects with high conversion risk. Iron deposition can affect STS in Multiple Sclerosis and STS loss in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis is linked with multisystem degeneration, with poorer prognosis. In healthy individuals iron‐induced microvessel changes are suspected for false positive results.ConclusionSTS assessment exhibits potential in different settings, with a possibly intermediate role in the diagnostic work‐up of various conditions. Its clinical utility should be explored further, through standardized MRI protocols on larger cohorts.
Utility of Cerebrospinal Fluid Transferrin Receptor per Ferritin Ratio in Progressive Supranuclear Palsy
Authors: Akiyama Natsuki , Kanazawa Masato , Kasuga Kensaku , Hatakeyama Masahiro , Ikeuchi Takeshi , Onodera Osamu 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundProgressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a major atypical parkinsonism. Because diagnosis based on the cardinal clinical features is often difficult, misdiagnosis with Parkinson's disease (PD) and multiple system atrophy (MSA) is common in PSP patients. Iron metabolism genes are reportedly involved in tau‐accumulating neuronal cell death and ferroptosis in PSP, which is more severe than PD and MSA. The validity of transferrin receptor (TfR) expression as a biomarker of ferroptosis was also demonstrated.ObjectiveWe investigated whether TfR and the TfR to ferritin ratio in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a diagnostic biomarker of PSP.MethodsThis study included 2 independent retrospective CSF cohorts comprising patients, respectively, from Niigata University and a multicenter memory clinic, consisting of patients with PSP, PD, and MSA. All patients were classified as clinically probable or higher based on the Society of Movement Disorders Criteria. TfR and ferritin levels in the CSF were measured using Luminex assay.ResultsThe levels of TfR in patients with PSP were higher than those in patients with PD and MSA in cohort 1 (PSP: N = 16, PD: N = 13, MSA: N = 20). The TfR to ferritin ratio in patients with PSP was significantly higher than that in patients with MSA. Subsequently, we validated these results in cohort 2 (PSP: N = 23, MSA: N = 6). The TfR to ferritin ratio was significantly higher in patients with PSP than in those with MSA.ConclusionsThe CSF TfR to transferrin ratio was elevated in patients with PSP. These results should be validated in a larger cohort of patients.
Analytical Modeling of Effluent Discharges Spreading by Tidal Oscillation Currents on a Sloping Beach
Authors: Al Kasbi Ahmed , Purnama Anton , Al Mashrafi Khaled 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAn analytical solution of the two‐dimensional advection–diffusion equation is introduced that models the spreading of effluent discharges into coastal waters affected by tidal oscillation currents on a sloping beach. It is assumed that the advection part may be expressed as a vector of fluid velocity with two components. The first component presents the longshore flow, in the direction, by a simple tidal oscillation model. The weaker second component, in the direction, reflects the cross‐shore depth‐variation velocity. By separating the variables, the equation in two dimensions is reduced to the product of two time‐dependent equations in one dimension that can be solved analytically. Some analysis and graphical plotting with discussion related to the product solution are given. Comparisons with an available analytical solution for a steady‐state case and numerical simulations are also addressed.
Correction method for ionization chamber dosimetry in flattening filter free radiotherapy based on Monte Carlo simulation
Authors: Zhang Guolong , Huang Ji , Wu Guoxin , Jin Sunjun , Wang Kun , Wu Hao , Zhang Hui , Yue Haizheng , Yang Ruijie , Wang Yujie , Wang Zhipeng , Qi Yaping 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe clinical use of flattening filter free (FFF) radiotherapy has significantly increased in recent years due to its effective enhancement of dose rates and reduction of scatter dose. A proposal has been made to adjust the incident electron angle of the accelerator to expand the application of FFF beams in areas such as large planning target volumes (PTVs). However, the inherent softening characteristics and non‐uniformity of lateral dose distribution in FFF beams inevitably lead to increased dosimetry errors, especially for ionization chambers widely used in clinical practice, which may result in serious accidents during FFF radiotherapy.PurposeThis study constructs a comprehensive Monte Carlo model that encompasses not only conventional FFF beams but also incorporates FFF beams with varying incident electron angles, to investigate dosimetry errors and correction methods in FFF radiotherapy.MethodsWe have innovatively introduced a FFF output correction factor () to address dosimetry errors in various ionization chambers under different incident electron angle conditions in FFF beams. The primary variations in were analytically determined to result from changes in and the perturbation correction terms of the ionization chamber.ResultsIonization chambers with smaller sensitive volumes typically exhibit reduced dosimetry errors. Our findings indicate that for ionization chambers with sensitive volumes ranging from 0.016 to 0.125 cm3, the dosimetry error under various FFF beam conditions consistently remains below 1.15%. This study provides crucial guidance for selecting appropriate ionization chambers in FFF radiotherapy.ConclusionA correlation was established between the absorbed dose to water in beams with a flattening filter (WFF) and those without (FFF), defined by the FFF output factor (). Using the proposed Monte Carlo model, the can be derived and applied to theoretically calculate the absorbed dose to water in FFF beams at varying incident electron angles, with a relative standard uncertainty of 0.2. This study provides a valuable reference for clinical dose measurements and crucial support for establishing dose calibration standards in FFF radiotherapy.
Psychological attributes and eating behaviors in 5‐ to 12‐year‐old children during periods of stress
Authors: Sena Cecilia , Della Torre Julia , Garg Eshita , Zheng Hao , Partida Ivette , Thaker Shaleen K. , Woo Baidal Jennifer , Shamsian Deborah V. , Rausch John C. , Thaker Vidhu V. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this study was to investigate the association between psychological attributes and obesogenic behaviors in children during the period of COVID‐19 pandemic‐induced stress.MethodsThis observational study collected data from caregivers of 5‐ to 12‐year‐old children from three diverse groups assessing sociodemographic, economic, and perceived stress, along with the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and the Family Eating and Activity Habits Questionnaire, revised (FEAHQ‐R), in October 2020 and June 2021. The outcome measures were SDQ and FEAHQ‐R scores. The SDQ subscales were compared with US child norms. Linear mixed models were used to examine the association between the SDQ subscales and FEAHQ‐R domains, adjusting for socioeconomic covariates.ResultsA total of 361 families (496 children) completed the SDQ and FEAHQ‐R. The SDQ subscale scores were higher than those of age/gender norms (p = 0.006–<0.001). Eating style (p < 0.001) and food stimulus exposure scores (p = 0.005–0.01) were associated with the SDQ subscales, but not satiety response. Perceived stress was a significant covariate (p < 0.01). The baseline obesity status of the children was not statistically significant.ConclusionsPsychological stress is associated with higher hedonic behavior in children. Food stimulus exposure and leisure access can be targeted for intervention during periods of prolonged stress.image