bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A brief overview of parallel robots and parallel kinematic machines
Authors: Ratiu M , Anton D M 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In this paper, a brief overview is presented, resulting from a recent literature review of some representative books or papers regarding various research on different types of parallel robots, parallel kinematic machines, or hybrid parallel mechanisms. Starting from a short introduction regarding the motivation and necessity of the emergence of such parallel mechanisms, some basic terms are presented, in the context of founding the existence of several terminologies for certain specific expressions of this subject, as well as different definitions for them. Then, after a short presentation of the advantages and disadvantages of the parallel robots, compared to serial ones, and of the parallel kinematic mechanisms compared to the conventional machine tools, some publications related to kinematics, dynamics, modeling and simulation of these types of mechanisms are highlighted. This research is realized in order to identify a solution that will be the basis for the development of a prototype, both virtual and experimental, for such mechatronic system.
Studies on the improvement of the supply chain in the automotive industry: production of electrical wiring
Authors: Ință M , Purcar C , Bădescu M 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Procurement is the beginning of the global supply chain and is driven by customer demand for goods. In the automotive industry and not only, the timely and qualitative delivery of finished products is an important goal, the customer being 100% satisfied. This paper addresses the issue of improving the supply process in case of urgent changes, especially in the automotive industry, in the processing of electrical wiring, for a number of companies producing vehicles. The Romani car industry grew quite a bit after the 1990s. The arrival of the world’s major car companies has cemented the domestic sector in adopting best practices in the supply chain. This has led to improved competitiveness and increased quantum exports. However, the Romanian car industry must operate in a unique environment that still presents challenges for the supply chain. It is therefore necessary to continuously study supply chain practices in the automotive sector.
Coordinate Measuring Machine thread position measurement analysis
Authors: Serban P E , Peti F 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Measuring the true position of a cylinder with a Coordinate Measuring Machine became a simple fact for programmer developer, for this they have to choose between different strategies available on the CMM software to improve measurement accuracy. Everything is changing when we try to measure a true position threaded hole, during serial production this position will pass between some changes that will affect the profile of the thread and the beginning of the threaded hole. Although CMM cylinder strategies methods exist they are not efficiently developed for precise measurement of a thread position. This article will analyse the difference between current methods that are available on the market and will compare the results with an experimental new method, this new method is developed from the method available plus other tools available in the CMM software. The importance of this method is to increase thread position measurement precision during all production cycle time.
Research on the behaviour of a LiFePo4 prismatic cell subjected to mechanical stress
Authors: Szabo I , Kocsis L , Mariasiu F 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Numerous models of electric vehicles in the automotive market are clear proof of being a solution for the massive reduction of greenhouse gases, caused by the high number of the internal combustion engines in the transport sector. It was observed that by developing and using electric vehicles, the quantities of harmful emissions in large cities can be significantly reduced. The convenience of users of electric vehicles have pushed the researchers to study in more detail and attention the storage of energy in the energy sources used in the construction of electric vehicles. Several researchers have used the resulted data to develop finite element models, therefore it is necessary to study their behaviour. The article presents an experimental research, regarding the analysis of the behaviour and prismatic cell of type LiFePo4 at different mechanical stresses, including three-point bending, lateral bending, indentation with hemispherical punch and pinch indentation. The cell was tested at ambient temperature at 90% SOC.
Wear of three-treads uncoated and coated integral hob milling tools
Authors: Sovilj-Nikić S , Sovilj B , Varga G , Ungureanu N 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Tribological Processes in the gear cutting of cylindrical gears on cutting elements of hob milling tools develop under specific conditions. The particular requirements under which the contacts between the hob milling tools and the workpiece material are made, make it difficult to become familiar with the tribological processes on them so that today there is more knowledge about their consequences on the machined surface of the teeth and the cutting elements of the hob milling tool, and less about their nature. In this paper, based on the experimental investigations, the wear analysis of three-treads uncoated and coated integral hob milling tools in the gear cutting of cylindrical gears is given.
Theoretical and experimental research on the development of an analysis system of the hand tremor movement for patients with Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Borta St , Baritz M 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Theoretical studies indicate the existence of the tremor in the human body, normally physiological, barely visible, and which occurs when the upper limbs are stretch to the front or when very high precision is required in carrying out an activity. Different experimental researches seek the theoretical fundament of the tremor movements or, develop evaluating systems for this type of movement, and last but not least are creating systems for behavioural help for people who develop forms of tremor with effects on comfort. Thus, in the first part of the paper, the specific clinical tremor forms are analyzed, as well as the manifestation forms and the parameters quantifying methods of this movement form developed in the human body. In the second part of the work is reviewed the substantiation of the analysis models of tremor type oscillations. In the third part of this paper, the experimental setup developed is presented, focusing on finding the best behavioural help solution for patients with pathological tremors and presents some considerations related to the device constructive aspects. In the final part, the approach conclusions of developing an assistive system for patients with pathological tremors are presented, on the highlight of the parkinsonian tremor patients.
Research about using the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis method for improving the quality process performance
Authors: Pascu I , Paraschiv D , Didu A 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) is a method of analysing potential failures of a product or process, in order to plan the necessary measures to prevent their occurrence. Being a critical analysis method, FMEA has extremely precise objectives: determining the weak points of a technical system; searching for the initiating causes of component dysfunction; determining the needs of technology upgrading and modernization of production; increasing the level of communication between work compartments, people, hierarchical levels; analysis of the consequences on the environment, the safety of operation, the value of the product; providing corrective actions to remove the causes of defects; providing a plan to improve product quality and maintenance. The FMEA must be used from the design phase before the product is made.This paper describes a study about the improving the quality process for an axis for packaging using FMEA method. The potential causes of the defects have been studied and improvement measures have been proposed. Among these we mention: implementation and monitoring of the preventive maintenance program; providing specific compliance; self-control, flow or sample control; periodic training and retraining; upgrading existing equipment, acquisition of more advanced software.
Digitalization concept: Cyber-risks and damages for companies in adhered industries
Authors: Vartolomei C , Avasilcăi S 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Starting with the modern binary number system in 1679, followed by the universal computation as a result of the Boolean algebra in 1847, then continued in 1948 with “Mathematical Theory of Communication”, capacitors and microchips between 1950s and 1970s, Apple I desktop computer in 1976 and until 2020 when we have devices as smartphones, computers, laptops, smart houses, cities and cars, all these inventions are small but realistic steps that built the current concept adopted by the humankind, called digitalization. Considering this impactful concept during our research, we propose to perform a literature review regarding its implementation in industries as medical, banking, automotive, along with generic examples from undefined ones, followed by the risks and disasters as a result of cyber-attacks, which can be seen as disadvantages of implementing this concept. In the end, we propose to discover the effects on the virtual business environment by exemplifying the cyber-attacks and analyzing them.
Frictional study of the polyamide/rubber contact materials
Authors: Lates M T , Gavrila C C 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The actually researches focused on finding technical solutions with ecologically friendly impact on the environment are include new materials which are characterised by low energy consumptions (loses) during their manufacturing process and their usage. One class of materials characterised by these energy loses conditions is represented by the polyamides. The study regarding the frictional loses of the polyamides being in mobile contacts with steel made spare parts show that they have a good tribological behaviour. The applications domains (mechanical transmissions, tap armatures, food industry, medicine) and the lack of the studies, gives the opportunity of the research in the field of the frictional behaviour of the polyamide/rubber mobile contacts. The paper presents tests regarding the frictional behaviour of the PA46 and PTFE added PA46 polyamide/rubber contacts under different loadings and relative speeds. The tests are performed on a tribometer equipped with a pin-on-disc module. Finally there are highlighted important conclusions regarding the applications and working conditions where the polyamide/rubber couple of materials may be used, in order to get small frictional energy loses.
Fabrication and piezoelectric-pyroelectric properties of electrospun PVDF/ZnO composite fibers
Authors: Li Guo-Yi , Zhang Hong-Di , Guo Kun , Ma Xing-Sheng , Long Yun-Ze 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Piezoelectric materials such as ZnO semiconductors and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) have been extensively studied to produce flexible wearable devices, providing a viable method for energy collection. In this study, PVDF was mixed with ZnO nanoparticles to prepare PVDF/ZnO devices by electrospinning. The composite ZnO affects the diameter of electrospun fibers and the output performance of the devices. As ZnO was added, the diameter of the fibers decreases, but the output current of the devices increases. Moreover, compared with pristine PVDF, the bending output current and pyroelectric current of the devices were improved after mixed with ZnO. The results indicated that PVDF/ZnO composite was a promising flexible device that can provide power for small electronic devices.
Impact of a clinical decision support tool targeting QT-prolonging medications
Authors: Chernoby Katie , Lucey Michael F , Hartner Carrie L , Dehoorne Michelle , Edwin Stephanie B 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Purpose
To evaluate the impact of a newly implemented clinical decision support (CDS) tool targeting QT interval–prolonging medications on order verification and provider interventions.

Methods
A multicenter, retrospective quasi-experimental study was conducted to evaluate provider response to CDS alerts triggered during ordering of QT-prolonging medications for adult patients. The primary outcome was the proportion of orders triggering QTc alerts that were continued without intervention during a specified preimplementation phase (n = 49) and during a postimplementation phase (n = 100). Patient risk factors for QTc prolongation, provider alert response, and interventions to reduce the risk of QTc-associated adverse events were evaluated.

Results
The rate of order continuation without intervention was 82% in the preimplementation phase and 37% in the postimplementation phase, representing an 55% reduction in continued verified orders following implementation of the QT-focused CDS tool. Most alerts were initially responded to by the prescriber, with pharmacist intervention needed in only 33% of cases. There were no significant differences in patient QTc-related risk factors between the 2 study groups (P = 0.11); the postimplementation group had a higher proportion of patients using at least 2 QTc-prolonging medications (48%, compared to 26% in the preimplementation group; P = 0.02).

Conclusion
Implementation of the CDS tool was associated with a reduction in the proportion of orders continued without intervention in patients at high risk for QTc-related adverse events.
Infertile landscapes on an old oceanic island: the biodiversity hotspot of New Caledonia
Authors: Pillon Yohan , Jaffré Tanguy , Birnbaum Philippe , Bruy David , Cluzel Dominique , Ducousso Marc , Fogliani Bruno , Ibanez Thomas , Jourdan Hervé , Lagarde Louis , Léopold Audrey , Munzinger Jérôme , Pouteau Robin , Read Jennifer , Isnard Sandrine 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe OCBIL theory comprises a set of hypotheses to comprehend the biota of old, climatically buffered, infertile landscapes (OCBILs). Here, we review evidence from the literature to evaluate the extent to which this theory could apply to the biodiversity hotspot of New Caledonia. We present geological, pedological and climatic evidence suggesting how the island might qualify as an OCBIL. The predictions of OCBIL theory are then reviewed in the context of New Caledonia. There is evidence for a high rate of micro-endemism, accumulation of relict lineages, a high incidence of dioecy, myrmecochory and nutritional specializations in plants. New Caledonian vegetation also exhibits several types of monodominant formations that reveal the importance of disturbances on the island. Fires and tropical storms are likely to be important factors that contribute to the dynamic of New Caledonian ecosystems. Although naturally infertile, there is archaeological evidence that humans developed specific horticultural practices in the ultramafic landscapes of New Caledonia. Further comparisons between New Caledonia and other areas of the world, such as South Africa and Southwest Australia, are desirable, to develop the OCBIL theory into a more robust and generalized, testable framework and to determine the most efficient strategies to preserve their outstanding biodiversity.
Risk factors for tissue expander infection in scar reconstruction: a retrospective cohort study of 2374 consecutive cases
Authors: Dong Chen , Zhu Minhui , Huang Luguang , Liu Wei , Liu Hengxin , Jiang Kun , Yu Zhou , Ma Xianjie 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background
Tissue expansion is used for scar reconstruction owing to its excellent clinical outcomes; however, the complications that emerge from tissue expansion hinder repair. Infection is considered a major complication of tissue expansion. This study aimed to analyze the perioperative risk factors for expander infection.

Methods
A large, retrospective, single-institution observational study was carried out over a 10-year period. The study enrolled consecutive patients who had undergone tissue expansion for scar reconstruction. Demographics, etiological data, expander-related characteristics and postoperative infection were assessed. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to identify risk factors for expander infection. In addition, we conducted a sensitivity analysis for treatment failure caused by infection as an outcome.

Results
A total of 2374 expanders and 148 cases of expander infection were assessed. Treatment failure caused by infection occurred in 14 expanders. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified that disease duration of ≤1 year (odds ratio (OR), 2.07; p &lt; 0.001), larger volume of expander (200–400 ml vs &lt;200 ml; OR, 1.74; p = 0.032; &gt;400 ml vs &lt;200 ml; OR, 1.76; p = 0.049), limb location (OR, 2.22; p = 0.023) and hematoma evacuation (OR, 2.17; p = 0.049) were associated with a high likelihood of expander infection. Disease duration of ≤1 year (OR, 3.88; p = 0.015) and hematoma evacuation (OR, 10.35; p = 0.001) were so related to high risk of treatment failure.

Conclusions
The rate of expander infection in patients undergoing scar reconstruction was 6.2%. Disease duration of &lt;1 year, expander volume of &gt;200 ml, limb location and postoperative hematoma evacuation were independent risk factors for expander infection.
Selling salvation, selling success: neoliberalism and the US Prosperity Gospel
Authors: Wrenn Mary V 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Neoliberalism relies on optimism. Without faith in meritocracy—unwavering belief that rewards will eventually and justly come to those who work hard enough—support for the capitalist system and belief in neoliberalism would unravel. How that optimism is perpetuated in the face of persistent income inequality and exploitation within the workplace requires an examination of those cultural institutions which reinforce and reproduce optimism over practical experience. This research focuses on one particular religious institution of the USA—the Prosperity Gospel. The Prosperity Gospel is a modern, neoliberal variation of Pentecostalism that is premised on the belief that a Biblical covenant between the individual believer and God guarantees that believer blessings of health and wealth, provided she demonstrates adequate faith. Accordingly, for those who are less adept at navigating the business world, financial success is still available for those believers who can dedicate themselves with the same frenzied ambition to the spiritual world. The Prosperity Gospel thus supports and sustains neoliberalism; the Prosperity Gospel is an institution which provides refuge to individuals from the exigencies of the market as well as a social practice which reinforces individual responsibility and fault. The Prosperity Gospel is the spiritual articulation of neoliberalism as well as a reinforcing institution.
Pseudo-wealth and Consumption Fluctuations
Authors: Guzman Martin , Stiglitz Joseph E 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This paper provides an explanation for situations in which the fundamental state variables describing the economy do not change, but aggregate consumption experiences significant changes. We present a theory of pseudo-wealth—individuals’ perceived wealth that is derived from expectations of gains in bets arising from heterogeneous expectations. This wealth is divorced from society's real assets. The creation of a market for bets necessarily generates positive pseudo-wealth. Changes in the magnitude of differences of prior beliefs will lead to changes in expected wealth and hence to changes in consumption, implying instability in aggregate and individual consumption and ex post intertemporal consumption misallocations. Moreover, ‘completing markets’ through the creation of a new market for bets can increase individual and aggregate risk. With a utilitarian social welfare function, completing markets leads to lower welfare ex post, but the first theorem of welfare economics (evaluating each individual's well-being on the basis of her ex ante beliefs) still holds, raising unsettling questions for welfare analysis. We also show that if the planner uses beliefs that are consistent, then the betting equilibrium would be Pareto inferior.
Long-term nitrogen addition in maize monocultures reduces in vitro inhibition of actinomycete standards by soil-borne actinomycetes
Authors: Gieske Miriam F , Kinkel Linda L 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT
Management of soil microbial communities for enhanced crop disease suppression is an attractive approach to biocontrol, but the effects of agricultural practices on the disease-suppressive potential of the soil microbial community remain unknown. We investigated the effects of long-term nitrogen addition (103 kg ha−1 nitrogen as urea vs. no fertilizer) and crop residue incorporation vs. removal on in vitro antibiotic inhibitory capacities of actinomycetes from 57-year maize (Zea mays L.) monocultures in southeastern Minnesota. We hypothesized that both nitrogen and crop residue addition would increase inhibitor frequencies by increasing microbial population densities and thus increasing the importance of competitive interactions among microbes to their fitness. We found that although soil carbon and nitrogen and microbial densities (actinomycete and total colony-forming units) tended to be greater with nitrogen fertilizer, the frequency of in vitro inhibitory phenotypes among culturable actinomycetes in fertilized plots was approximately half that in non-fertilized plots. Residue incorporation had little to no effect on soil chemistry, microbial density and inhibitor frequency. These results suggest that density-mediated processes alone cannot explain the effects of amendments on inhibitor frequencies. Fitness costs and benefits of inhibitory phenotypes may vary over time and may depend on the type of resource amendment.
Analysis of Genomic Sequence Data Reveals the Origin and Evolutionary Separation of Hawaiian Hoary Bat Populations
Authors: Pinzari Corinna A , Kang Lin , Michalak Pawel , Jermiin Lars S , Price Donald K , Bonaccorso Frank J 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWe examine the genetic history and population status of Hawaiian hoary bats (Lasiurus semotus), the most isolated bats on Earth, and their relationship to northern hoary bats (Lasiurus cinereus), through whole-genome analysis of single-nucleotide polymorphisms mapped to a de novo-assembled reference genome. Profiles of genomic diversity and divergence indicate that Hawaiian hoary bats are distinct from northern hoary bats, and form a monophyletic group, indicating a single ancestral colonization event 1.34 Ma, followed by substantial divergence between islands beginning 0.51 Ma. Phylogenetic analysis indicates Maui is central to the radiation across the archipelago, with the southward expansion to Hawai‘i and westward to O‘ahu and Kaua‘i. Because this endangered species is of conservation concern, a clearer understanding of the population genetic structure of this bat in the Hawaiian Islands is of timely importance.