bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coverage Assessment for Community-based Management of Acute Malnutrition in Rural and Urban Ghana: A Comparative Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Apenkwa Joana , Newton Sam K , Amponsah Samuel Kofi , Osei-Antwi Reuben , Nakua Emmanuel , Edusei Anthony K. , Otupiri Easmon 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Ghana for years has implemented the Community-based Management of Acute Malnutrition (CMAM) among children in order to reduce malnutrition prevalence. However, the prevalence of malnutrition remains high. This study aimed to determine coverage levels of CMAM in Ahafo Ano South (AAS), a rural district, and Kumasi Subin sub-metropolis (KSSM), an urban district.
Methods
The study was a cross-sectional comparative study with a mixed-methods approach. In all, 497 mother/caregiver and child under-five pairs were surveyed using a quantitative approach while qualitative methods were used to study 25 service providers and 40 mother/ caregivers who did not participate in the quantitative survey. Four types of coverage indicators were assessed: point coverage (defined as the number of Severe Acute Malnutrition cases [SAM] in treatment divided by total number of Severe Acute Malnutrition cases in the study district), geographical coverage (defined as total number of health facilities delivering treatment for SAM divided by total number of healthcare facilities in the study district), and treatment coverage (defined as children with SAM receiving therapeutic care divided by total number of SAM children in the study district) and program coverage (defined as number of SAM cases in the CMAM programme ÷ Number of SAM cases that should be in the programme). The qualitative approach was used to support the assessment of the coverage indicators. Data were analyzed using STATA version 14, and Atlas.ti, version 7.5.
Results
Treatment coverage in the urban and rural districts were 73% and 6% respectively. Geographically, only 6% of the facilities in the urban communities were participating in the CMAM programme as against 29% in rural district facilities. The two districts had point coverage of 81% and 71% for the urban and rural districts respectively. The number of children enrolled in CMAM was higher among the AAS respondents when compared with KSSM; 56.9% and 90% respectively. The qualitative approach showed that coverage improvement in both districts is hampered by barriers such: distance, transportation cost, lack of trained personnel in the communities for community mobilization and home visits, and insufficient feeds.
Conclusion
To improve CMAM coverage, there is the need to train health workers to embark on aggressive health education strategies to encourage mothers/caregivers of malnourished children to utilize CMAM while ensuring that services reach those who need them.
Trial registration:
This study is approved and registered with The Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Committee on Human Research, Ethics and Publications (CHRPE/AP/314/15)
Clinical course and challenging management of early COVID-19 infection after heart transplantation: Case report of two patients
Authors: Tchana-Sato Vincent , Ancion Arnaud , Tridetti Julien , Sakalihasan Natzi , Hayette Marie pierre , Detry Olivier , Delvenne Philippe , Amabili Philippe , Senard Marc , Hougrand Olivier , Szecel Delphine , Lavigne Jean Paul , Lowampa Elie Minga , Ponte Charlotte , Maquoi Isabelle , Morimont Philippe , Bulck Melissa Van den , Delbouille Marie helene , Defraigne Jean Olvier , Lancellotti Patrizio 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: There are limited data on Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in solid organ transplant patients and especially in heart transplant recipients with only few case reports and case series described so far. Heart transplant recipients may be at particular high risk due to their comorbidities and immunosuppressed state. Case presentation: This report describes the clinical course and the challenging management of early COVID-19 infection in two heart transplants recipients who were tested positive for the SARS-CoV-2 virus in the perioperative period of the transplant procedure. The two patients developed a severe form of the disease, and ultimately died despite the initiation of an antiviral monotherapy with hydroxychloroquine coupled with the interruption of mycophenolate mofetil. Conclusions: These two cases illustrate the severity and the poor prognosis of COVID-19 in the perioperative period of a heart transplant. Thorough screening of donors and recipients is mandatory and the issue of asymptomatic carrier need to be addressed.
Pathogenesis clue from early clinical presentation of 300 hospitalized COVID-19 patients
Authors: Yu Feng , Deng Xuemei , Ni Li , Li Wei , Yan Ping , Huang Mian , Wang Xiongbiao 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The global spread of COVID-19 has been lasted more than half a year. Except for the gene sequence and virus structure of SARS-CoV-2, its clinical characteristics, pathological mechanism and corresponding measures have not been fully revealed. Objective: To speculate the possible pathological mechanism from the early clinical manifestations of the patients with COVID-19. Methods: The onset symptoms, laboratory examination and CT findings on admission of 300 cases in two wards of Wuhan Third Hospital from January 28 to March 15 were analyzed retrospectively. Results: There was no difference in incidence between men and women, but women were hospitalized later after onset. Upper respiratory symptoms and sputum were seldom. The incidence of fever was 71%. Blood lymphocytes count decreased significantly on admission, which was related to the severity of the disease. In the moderate type of patients, who without hypoxia, thrombocytopenia occurred in 12.37%, CRP rose in 64.43 %, BUN elevated in 20.62 %, creatinine rose in 17.53 %, D-dimer elevated in 74.74%, creatine kinase and α-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase elevated in 45.36% and 54.12% patients respectively. The early CT showed a small amount of infiltration in the subpleural, the lateral zone of the lung and thickening of the interlobular septum. About 5 days later, infiltration had been worse in a part of the patients, and the affected lung was negatively correlated with the lymphocyte count. Conclusion: There was no gender difference in patients with SARS-CoV-2 invasion. Alveolar cells and T lymphocytes maybe main targets of the virus and apoptosis maybe primary pathogenesis. The virus entering the lung maybe transmitted through lymph or blood channels, rather than direct diffused in the respiratory tract. Early damage of multiple organs maybe caused by immune response.
CT as a Tool to Depict Pulmonary Fibrosis in Patients With COVID-19: a Radiopathological Correlation
Authors: Alguersuari Anna , Carrasco Miguel Angel , Munné Gemma , Oliva Maria Eulalia , Simon Cristina , Bosque Maria Dolores , Martínez Melcior , Lugo Natalia , Herranz Xavier , Rovira Mariana 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
OBJECTIVESCT findings of COVID-19 infected patients has been well described, but it it’s roll in depicting signs of fibrosis in critically ill patients remains unclear. To our knowledge, there are no radiopathological correlations of the pulmonary pathology. Exudative and proliferative diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) are the most commonly reported injury. Few studies describe fibrosis, the last phase of DAD. Our study correlates post-mortem chest US and CT findings of COVID-19 infected patients with the histopathology from biopsies taken of the lung. It focuses on the role of CT to depict fibrosis. METHODSThis is a prospective observational study of six consecutive deceased patients infected with COVID-19. Post-mortem chest CTs and US were performed within 24 hours of death. CT and US were used to obtain biopsies of different radiological patterns. Pre-mortem CT examinations were also retrospectively evaluated. RESULTSOn CT, all patients presented with extensive areas of consolidation and ground-glass opacities affecting most segments of the lung. Pleural effusion was present in all cases. Four of the patients showed signs of fibrosis. On US, subpleural consolidation, pleural thickening, and B-pattern were present.All patients showed different stages of DAD, mostly proliferative DAD. Four patients presented with fibrotic DAD, all of which had been admitted for over three weeks and correlated with the CT findings of fibrosis. CONCLUSIONIn our study, signs of fibrosis on CT show a histopathological correlation. CT may be useful to identify the group of COVID-infected patients that develop fibrosis as a marker of poor prognosis, in the late stage of the disease.
Zn-modified Li3Mg2SbO6 microwave dielectric ceramics with high quality factor
Authors: Zhang Hongyang , Liu Cheng , Shi Liang , Wang Wenwen , Xu Wenhao , Wang Gang , Zhang Xing , Zeng Rui , Zhang Huaiwu 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Well-densified Li3(Mg1 − xZnx)2SbO6 (0.00 ≤ x ≤ 0.08) microwave dielectric ceramics were synthesized via a two-stage sintering process. The effects of Zn2+ substitution on the microstructure and microwave dielectric properties were investigated. All samples were identified as pure phase via the XRD detection. Remarkable microwave dielectric properties with a near-zero τf value were obtained in the Li3(Mg1 − xZnx)2SbO6 (x = 0.04) sample sintered at 1325 ℃ for 5 h: εr = 7.8, Q × f = 97,719 GHz (13.4 GHz), τf =-6 ppm/℃. The high Q × f value was suggested to relate with the dense morphology and grain size effect. All experimental results indicate that the Li3(Mg1 − xZnx)2SbO6 ceramics are promising for 5G communication applications.
The prevalence of urinary tract infections in type 2 diabetic patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Vaisi-Raygani Aliakbar , Salari Nader , Karami Mohammad mahdi , Bokaee Shadi , Mohammadi Masoud , Jalali Rostam , Chaleshgar Maryam , Daneshkhah Alireza , Shohaimi Shamarina 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background

Urinary tract infection is the most common infection in type 2 diabetic patients. Various studies have reported different outbreaks of urinary tract infections in type 2 diabetic patients, Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the prevalence of urinary tract infections in type 2 diabetic patients during a systematic review and meta-analysis to open windows to more detailed programs to reduce the incidence of urinary tract infections in type 2 diabetic patients.
Methods

In this study, systematic review and Meta-Analysis of study data related to the prevalence of urinary tract infection in type 2 diabetic patients using keywords including: Type 2 diabetes, urinary tract infection, diabetes, prevalence, Meta-Analysis and their English equivalents in SID, MagIran, IranMedex, IranDoc, Google scholar, Cochrane, Embase, Science Direct, Scopus, PubMed and Web of Science (ISI) databases over the years It was mined from 1993 to 2020.In order to perform the analysis of qualified studies, the model of random effects was used and the inconsistency of studies with I2 index was investigated. Data analysis was performed with Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (version 2).
Results

In a study of 15 studies with a sample size of 827,948 in Meta-Analysis, the overall prevalence of urinary tract infection in patients with type 2 diabetes was 11.5% (95% confidence interval: 7.8–16.7%). Increasing the number of years of research, the prevalence of urinary tract infections in diabetic patients of the Iranian type increased (P = 0.000), and with increasing age of participants (P = 0.000) and also with increasing sample size (P = 0.000), this prevalence decreased.
Conclusion

The results of this study show that urinary tract infections are highly prevalent in patients with type 2 diabetes, so due to the growing prevalence of diabetes and its complications such as urinary tract infections, the need for appropriate screening programs and health care policies is becoming more apparent.
Motherhood in women with motor disability due to a rare disease: an exploratory observational study of childbirth, infant development, and mother-infant interactions
Authors: Dommergues Marc , Candilis Drina , Becerra Ludivine , Thoueille Edith , Cohen David , Viaux-Savelon Sylvie 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
BackgroundWomen with motor disability willing to become mothers face a double challenge: relatives or caregivers may question their ability to provide a safe environment for their child, and specialists in perinatal medicine unfamiliar with rare diseases may perceive their pregnancy as extremely risky, or feel unable to cope with such patients.Our purpose was to evaluate parenting needs, early child development and mother-infant interaction in a series of 22 pregnant women or young mothers with motor impairment due to a rare disease, followed up to 14 months postpartum.ResultsThere were 10 impairments of four limbs, 4 impairments of both lower limbs, 7 unilateral impairments, and one distal tremor; 11 genetic diseases and 11 sporadic conditions.Mean Barthel Index (BI) of self-reported independence in daily activities was 87.Social deprivation Epices score, Cutrona social support scale, Edinburg Postnatal Depression scale, and Spielberger State/Trait Anxiety Inventory were unremarkable.As for perinatal outcome, there were 4 gestational diabetes, 1 pre-eclampsia, 9 caesareans, 6 assisted and 7 spontaneous vaginal deliveries, 20 term live-births and 2 premature deliveries (35-36 weeks).Six of the 12 women independent for daily activities (BS≥90); all those with BS< 90 reported to be dependent for at least one parenting activity.Distribution of the Brunet-Lezine child development score was normal. Parent-infant relationship global assessment scale (PIR-GAS) was well adapted in 2 cases, adapted in 8, perturbed in 7, significantly perturbed in 2, and distressed in 3 (mean 71.8; 95% CI 49.6-93.9). This was unrelated to any somatic or emotional characteristics of the participants. Coding interactive behavior revealed that infant engagement was lower and infant avoidance greater than in controls (p<0.05).ConclusionInfant development was normal, but mother-infant interaction altered in half of participants independently from the degree of motor impairment, underscoring need for parenting support. Disability due to rare diseases or rare conditions requires compensation for parenting even for a parent independent in daily activities.
Different Patterns of the SARS-CoV-2 Epidemic across Italian Regions: a Hierarchical Clustering on Principal Components approach
Authors: Maugeri Andrea , Barchitta Martina , Basile Guido , Agodi Antonella 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Italy has experienced the epidemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, which spread at different times and with different intensities throughout its territory. We aimed to identify clusters with similar epidemic patterns across Italian regions. To do that, we defined a set of regional indicators reflecting different domains and employed a hierarchical clustering on principal component approach to obtain an optimal cluster solution. As of 24 April 2020, Lombardy was the worst hit Italian region and entirely separated from all the others. Sensitivity analysis - by excluding data from Lombardy - partitioned the remaining regions into four clusters. Although cluster 1 (i.e. Veneto) and 2 (i.e. Piedmont and Emilia-Romagna) included the most hit regions beyond Lombardy, this partition reflected differences in the efficacy of restrictions and testing strategies. Cluster 3 was heterogeneous and comprised regions where the epidemic started later and/or where it spread with the lowest intensity. Regions within cluster 4 were those where the epidemic started slightly after Veneto, Emilia-Romagna and Piedmont, favoring timely adoption of control measures. Our findings provide policymakers with a snapshot of the epidemic in Italy, which might help guiding the adoption of countermeasures in accordance with the situation at regional level.
Novel uses of three-parameter logistic models and first-derivative models for the Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) epidemic in the United States, in three distinct scenarios
Authors: Samuel Bishoy T. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background Forecasting the current coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic in the United States necessitates novel mathematical models for accurate predictions. This paper examines novel uses of three-parameter logistic models and first-derivative models through three distinct scenarios that have not been examined in the literature as of July 14, 2020. Methods Using publicly available data, statistical software was used to conduct a non-linear least-squares estimate to generate a three-parameter logistic model, with a subsequently generated first-derivative model. In the first scenario a logistic model was used to examine the natural log of COVID-19 cases as the dependent variable (versus day number), on July 11 and May 1. Independent t-test analyses were used to test comparative coefficient differences across models. In the second scenario, a first-derivative model was derived from a base three-parameter logistic model for April 27, examining time to peak mortality and decrease in case fatality rate. In the third scenario, a first-derivative model of mortality through July 11 as the dependent variable, versus confirmed cases, was generated to look at case fatality rate relative to increasing cases. Results All models generated were statistically significant with R2 > 99%. The logistic models in the first scenario best predicted time to growth deceleration in the natural log of cases in the U.S. (slowing of exponential growth), estimated at March 11, 2020. For the May 1 data, independent t-test analyses of comparative coefficients across models were useful to track improvements from implemented public health measures. The first-derivative model in the second scenario on April 27, when the epidemic was more controlled, showed peak mortality around April 12-13, with a case fatality rate of < 1,000 deaths and trending down. The first-derivative model in the third scenario estimated a near-zero case fatality rate to occur at 4 million confirmed cases. It has not been affected by fluctuations in mortality from June 29 through July 11. Conclusion Three-parameter logistic models and first-derivative models have utility in predicting time to growth deceleration, and case fatality rates relative to cases. They can objectively assess improvements of implemented epidemiologic measures and have applicable public health safety implications.
A Network Pharmacology Study to Uncover the Multiple Molecular Mechanism of the Chinese Patent Medicine Toujiequwen Granules in the Treatment of Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19)
Authors: Yang Baoyu , Wang Haozhen , Lu Chen , Ma Zhenzhong , Li Yang , Lu Ziyin , Lu Xiuli , Gao Bing 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Since the outbreak of the novel Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) infected by SARS-CoV-2 at the end of 2019, clinical specific antiviral drugs have been lacking. A Chinese patent medicine called ‘Toujiequwen Granules’ has been promoted in the treatment of COVID-19. The present study was designed to reveal the molecular mechanism of Toujiequwen Granules against COVID-19. A network pharmacological method was applied to screen the main active ingredients of Tongjiequwen Granules. Network analysis of 149 active ingredients and 330 drug targets showed the most active ingredients interacting with many drug targets are quercetin., drug targets most affected by the active ingredients are PTGS2, PTGS1, and DPP4. Drug target disease enrichment analysis showed drug targets are significantly enriched in cardiovascular diseases, digestive tract diseases and so forth. An ‘active ingredient-target-disease’ network showed that 57 active ingredients from Toujiequwen Granules, interact with 15 key targets of coronary pneumonia. There are 53 ingredients that can act on DPP4, suggesting that DPP4 may become a potential new key target for the treatment of COVID-19. The GO analysis results showed that key targets were mainly enriched in the cellular response to lipopolysaccharide, cytokine activity and other functions. KEGG analysis showed they were mainly concentrated in viral protein interaction with cytokine and cytokine receptors endocrine resistance pathway, and others. These evidences suggest that Toujiequwen Granules might play an effective role through improving the symptoms of underlying diseases in patients with COVID-19 and multi-target interventions against multiple signaling pathways related to the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2.
Characteristics of retracted systematic reviews and meta-analyses in the biomedical literature
Authors: TAO WANG , Yong-Hong Lei , Xing Qin-Rui 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The number of retracted reviews, including systematic reviews and meta-analyses, in the biomedical literature has increased dramatically in recent years. There has not yet been a systematic study to clarify the characteristics of retracted reviews. Present study determined trends in biomedical reviews, particularly with respect to reasons for retraction and geographical origin. Reviews were collated from Medline and Cochrane Library searches. Reasons for retraction were catalogued based on information retrieved via PubMed, Google, and journal websites. A total of 171 retracted non-Cochrane reviews and 439 Cochrane reviews were included. The most common reasons for retraction of non-Cochrane reviews were invalid review (n = 70), error (n = 36), and plagiarism (n = 20). Chinese authors produced a distinctively large number of reviews retracted for a faked review process and most retracted meta-analyses from areas of biochemistry molecular biology, oncology, genetics heredity and etc. Cochrane review retraction reasons included principally updating issues (n = 382), errors (n = 26), and sponsorship policy issues (n = 13). The number of retracted reviews in the biomedical literature, especially from Chinese authors, has surged since 2005. The major reasons for these retractions were related to updating among Cochrane systematic reviews but were related to misconduct among non-Cochrane systematic reviews. The present results highlight the need misconduct prevention measures.
Casamento por troca de status de professoras do Ensino Médio e Fundamental de Nobres - MT
Authors: De Pinho Fernanda Ferreira , Lacerda André Luís Ribeiro 
Published: July 2020

O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi investigar se as professoras dos ensinos fundamental e médio escolhem parceiros para casamento de maneira majoritariamente hipogâmica, ou seja, parceiros com statuses inferiores aos seus dependendo do atributo considerado. Esta, também, a hipótese geral da pesquisa, que foi inspirada na teoria do casamento por troca de status (Merton, 1941; Davis, 1941; Schwartz, Zeng e Xie, 2016). Questionários auto administrados foram distribuídos e 48 professoras o responderam, o que produziu o seguinte resultado: as professoras das escolas estaduais e municipais quando se casaram, o fizeram hipergamicamente na perspectiva socioeconômica (62,5%) e hipogamicamente no quesito escolaridade (56,25%), seu principal recurso. Hoje, a condição hipogâmica no recurso escolaridade (64,58%) se mantêm e a condição hipergâmica no que se refere ao status socioeconômico se inverteu, ou seja, passou a ser majoritariamente hipogâmica (62,5%).