bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ВЛИЯНИЕ ОБРАБОТКИ ПРЕПАРАТАМИ НА ОСНОВЕ ПОЛИВИНИЛПОЛИПИРРОЛИДОНА НА КАЧЕСТВЕННЫЕ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ ВИШНЕВЫХ ВИНОМАТЕРИАЛОВ
Authors: Egorova O.S. , Letfullina D.R. , SHilkin A.A. , Belosliudova G.IU. 
Published: April 2020

статья посвящена изучению эффективности обработки вишневого сусла препаратами на основе поливинилполипирролидона (ПВПП) с целью предотвращения окислительного покоричневения. Приведены результаты изменения общего содержания фенольных веществ и характеристик цветности вишневых виноматериалов в результате обработки исследуемыми препаратамиthe article is devoted to the study of cherry wort processing effectiveness with preparations based on polyvinylpolypyrrolidone (PVPP) in order to prevent oxidative browning. The results of changes in total phenolic substances content and color characteristics of cherry wine materials as a result of treatment with researched preparations are presented
ОРГАНИЧЕСКИЙ СИНТЕЗ ВЫСОКОМОЛЕКУЛЯРНЫХ СОЕДИНЕНИЙ
Authors: Stepin S.N. , Holmurodov T.A.u. , Mirzaev O.O.u. 
Published: April 2020

в данной работе приводятся результаты исследования реакции алкилирования 2-тиоксо-6-фенилпиримидин-4-она алкилгалогенидами C4-C9. Показано, что в зависимости от условий реакции и соотношения реагентов образуются продукты N-3 алкилированияthis article presents the results of the alkylation reaction of 2-thio-6- phenylpyrimidin-4-one with C4-C9 alkyl halides. The results show that, depending on the reaction conditions and the ratio of reagents, N-3 alkylation products are formed.
Cross-codal integration of bridging-event information in narrative understanding
Authors: Huff Markus , Rosenfelder Dina , Oberbeck Maria , Merkt Martin , Papenmeier Frank , Meitz Tino G. K. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractVisual narratives communicate event sequences by using different code systems such as pictures and texts. Thus, comprehenders must integrate information from different codalities. This study addressed such cross-codal integration processes by investigating how the codality of bridging-event information (i.e., pictures, text) affects the understanding of visual narrative events. In Experiment 1, bridging-event information was either present (as picture or text) or absent (i.e., not shown). The viewing times for the subsequent picture depicting the end state of the action were comparable within the absent and the text conditions. Further, the viewing times for the end-state picture were significantly longer in the text condition as compared to the pictorial condition. In Experiment 2, we tested whether replacing bridging-event information with a blank panel increases viewing times in a way similar to the text condition. Bridging event information was either present (as picture) or absent (not shown vs. blank panel). The results replicated Experiment 1. Additionally, the viewing times for the end-state pictures were longest in the blank condition. In Experiment 3, we investigated the costs related to integrating information from different codalities by directly comparing the text and picture conditions with the blank condition. The results showed that the distortion caused by the blank panel is larger than the distortion caused by cross-codal integration processes. Summarizing, we conclude that cross-codal information processing during narrative comprehension is possible but associated with additional mental effort. We discuss the results with regard to theories of narrative understanding.
Analisa Penyebab Terjadnya Kegagalan Pembakaran Awal Pada Ketel Uap Bantu
Authors: Wilastari Santhi , Puryadi  
Published: April 2020

Injektor dan injection pump di dalam sistem mesin induk sangat berperan besar dalam mendukung proses pembakaran. Prinsip kerja dari injektor ialah mengabutkan bahan bakar dan juga menyemprotkan bahan bakar ke dalam ruang silinder untuk mendukung terjadinya pembakaran dan prinsip kerja injection pump adalah memompa bahan bakar tekanan tinggi ke injector. Dengan melihat hal diatas sangat penting peran dari tekanan kerja bahan bakar dari injection pump untuk mempermudah proses pengabutan. Di dalam pelaksanaan penelitian terdapat permasalahan yang mengganggu kinerja dari injector antara lain: terjadi penyumbatan pada nozzle, jarum macet, nozzle telah longgar dan injection pump, antara lain: plunger aus, bearing aus, delivery valve aus dan bocornya pipa tekanan tinggi. Oleh sebab itu penulis melaksanakan penelitian tentang permasalahan apa saja yang dapat mengganggu kinerja injector dan turunnya tekanan bahan bakar.
Estado da questão: Arte no ensino de Química
Authors: Costa Francisco José , Magalhães Antônio Carlos 
Published: April 2020

Este artigo apresenta o Estado da Questão sobre a temática, Arte no Ensino de Química. Sua realização possibilitou o levantamento e análise das produções encontradas nos portais periódicos da CAPES e publicações da Sociedade Brasileira de Química (SBQ). A pesquisa apresenta de forma comentada os estudos publicados em relação ao tema, destacando quais as articulações e contribuições das linguagens da Arte no Ensino de Química. O estudo concluiu que o número de publicações específicas é pequena, e, ao mesmo tempo, carregadas de evidências sobre a contribuição da Arte para tornar o Ensino de Química reflexivo, dinâmico e contextualizado. Observou-se também, que o uso da Arte possibilita o envolvimento mais ativo e crítico dos estudantes nas aulas, tornando-os mais protagonistas no processo de ensino e de aprendizagem dos conteúdos de Química.

Palavras-chave: Arte. Ensino de química. Estado da questão.
Herrscherlob als schöne Kunst betrachtet
Authors: Mehltretter Florian 
Published: April 2020

The encomiastic efficiency of Ariosto’s tale of Ruggiero and Bradamante in the Orlando furioso could be questioned on the grounds of inconsistency with tradition, fictionality and irony. A glance at other instances of panegyrics, notably in music, as well as an analysis of the moon scene in Ariosto’s epic (canto 35) show, however, that these techniques engender a specific brand of ambiguity that neither cancels nor overemphasizes the intended praise of the dedicatee, but serves to adjust the volume of the encomiastic discourse in order to steer clear of mere flattery. At the same time, by inscribing a specific model reader, Ippolito d’Este (who has to understand this special type of praise), into a text that was to be printed – and thus intended for a general reader – the Orlando furioso transposes part of the pragmatic hors-texte into the aesthetic structure of the poem. Hence, panegyrics can be regarded as a fine art.
Huckleberry Finn: Aktuelle Zensur eines Klassikers?
Authors: Zirker Angelika 
Published: April 2020

Mark Twain’s novel Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, first published in England in 1884 and a year later in the US, is paradoxical in that it is one of most frequently censored books of world literature – and, concurrently, one of the most frequently read and praised.
The following article will try to explain this paradox and, in a first step, address the history of the novel’s censorship and the (various) reasons given for it. Adventures of Huckleberry Finn has undergone censorship since its first publication, and even today it is included in the list of »Banned and Challenged Books« of ALA (American Library Association). What are, in fact, reasons for banning the book? And how are these reasons questioned by defenders of the book? Which strategies are used? Since the novel’s publication, those who have completely dismissed the book and those who have appreciated it as a »masterpiece« have opposed each other. An overview of these controversies will result in a close reading of one of the most debated chapters in the novel, with a focus on the autodiegetic narrator Huck, who has been characterized as a naïve child that simply does not know any better, as a »fallible narrator«, or as a liar. But it remains doubtful whether the narrator’s weakness is the answer to the question of Huck’s alleged racism. The paper will offer alternative roads into the novel that consider both the text and the context of its origin.
Factors affecting Quality of Sleep in Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Iftikhar Areeba , Arif Muhammad , Hanif Asif 
Published: April 2020

Background: The etiology of sleep disruption in intensive care unit is poorly known and often ignored complication. It is caused by the environmental factors especially pain, noise, diagnostic testing and human interventions that cause sleep disruption. Light, medications and activities related to patient care interfere with patient’s ability to have good sleep. There are multi-factorial environmental etiologies for disruption of sleep in ICU.
Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the factors disturbing the sleep quality in intensive care unit (ICU) admitted patients.
Methodology: A cross sectional study was designed involving 150 patients admitted in intensive care unit and high dependency unit of Gulab Devi Chest Hospital. The duration of study was from September 2015 to March 2016. The questionnaire was made and filled with the help of patients. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 16.00.
Results: Mean age of patients was 50.46+10.96 with maximum age of 65 and minimum age of 30 years. There was 53.33% male patients and 46.67% females participating in this study. The sleep quality was significantly poor in ICU than at home. After analysis, 54.67% patients were with poor quality of sleep due to pain and 48.67% were due to noise of environmental stimuli. The other factors were alarms, light and loud talking.
Conclusion: Current study shows that reduced sleep quality is a common problem in ICU with multi-factorial etiologies. Patient reported the poor sleep quality in ICU due to environmental issues that are potentially modifiable.
Conclusion: Current study shows that reduced sleep quality is a common problem in ICU with multi-factorial etiologies. Patient reported the poor sleep quality in ICU due to environmental issues that are potentially modifiable.
Effectiveness of Pulmonary Rehabilitation in Patients with COPD
Authors: Fatima Zunaira , Iftikhar Areeba , Yousaf Muhammad Imran 
Published: April 2020

Background: Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is beneficial for patients with COPD, with improvement in exercise capacity and health-related quality of life. Despite these overall benefits, the responses to PR vary significantly among different individuals. It is not clear if PR is beneficial for patients with COPD and normal exercise capacity. Although it is believed that longer pulmonary rehabilitation programs can provide better results, most of the evidence comes from short-term programs.
Objective: The objective of this analysis was to determine the effectiveness of respiratory services provided in the hospital or community by respiratory therapists (RTs) in reducing health care utilization and improving patient outcomes. The aim was to evaluate the outcomes of a comprehensive pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Methodology: All 65 Pakistani patients who met the inclusion criteria with ages between 40 to 65 years, including both male and female, with mild to severe COPD were enrolled in the study on the basis of convenient sampling. Informed consent was taken from each patient starting about the study and their rights to withdraw from study. A demographics detail (name, age, sex) was noted along with the necessary medical history. A questionnaire was made to see the effects of pulmonary rehabilitation in patients with COPD. All necessary tests were performed to evaluate the patient betterment completely.
Results: The mean FEV1 in the subjects was 1.29 ± 0.47 L/min, 64.8 ± 23.0% of predicted. Clinically there is a little effect on CXR pattern, FEV1 and FEV1/FVC after pulmonary rehabilitation. But overall quality of life improved after pulmonary rehabilitation. Mainly improvement occurs in peak expiratory flow rate, BORG dyspnea scale, 6 mint walk test distance (meters) and Oxygen saturation after rehabilitation.
Conclusion: These results showed that patients with COPD had benefited from a comprehensive PR program in an out-patient setting regardless of disease severity. Exercise training can result in significant improvement in health-related quality of life, exercise capacity, respiratory muscle strength, and exertional dyspnea in subjects with COPD and normal exercise capacity.
Diagnosing Cervical Lesions Through LLETZ – A Reliable and Effective Tool
Authors: Wasim Zahra , Arif Saima , Malik Uzma Ameer , Mehboob Faiza 
Published: April 2020

Background: Cervical dysplasia is the most common gynecological disorder of modern era. It initiates around the squamocolumnar junction of the cervix commonly due to the infection of human papilloma virus. Large loop excision of transitional zone is globally a standard procedure of choice both for diagnosing and treating cervical dysplasia. Pap smear is a fast and easy assessment tool for detecting cervical lesions, but it is relatively unreliable.
Methodology: Fifty patients of age group 35 to 65 years patients having normal looking cervix with abnormal pap smear or suspicious looking cervix with or without abnormal pap smear, were selected for the study after informed consent. The procedure for LLTEZ was performed under strict aseptic measures in the procedural room and the biopsy specimen was sent for histopathological examination. The pathological findings were presented as percentages.
Results: 66% cervical biopsy specimens were suggestive of chronic cervicitis and 24% samples were suggestive of chronic cervicitis with squamous metaplasia. Mild dysplasia in 4% samples, moderate and severe dysplasia were seen in 2% samples.
Conclusion: LLETZ is an efficient procedure to deal with cervical dysplasia. It must be recommended for the work-up of uncertain gynecological presentations. The expertise of professionals must be improved through training to obtain maximum benefits.
Análise dos critérios normativos de saúde e segurança do trabalho na manutenção de indústrias de celulose e papel
Authors: Soranso Denise Ransolin , Assis Aryadne Miranda Gomes de , Minette Luciano José , Campos Julio César Costa 
Published: April 2020

A qualidade dos processos em indústrias de celulose e papel, e consequentemente, a qualidade do produto estão associadas ao desempenho dos serviços e dos trabalhadores durante a execução das atividades em seus postos de trabalho, seja ele administrativo, através tarefas burocráticas, de logística e de controle do fluxo de matéria-prima, ou atividades técnicas no ambiente fabril, como manutenção das máquinas, transporte de insumos e processamentos químicos. Dessa maneira, a busca por um ambiente seguro passa a fazer parte da estratégia empresarial, devido a influência social e econômica, sendo assim, a análise das condições de trabalho as quais os trabalhadores estão expostos é extremamente relevante para o sucesso da empresa. Neste contexto, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo do trabalho analisar as condições de trabalho das funções ligadas ao setor de manutenção de uma indústria de celulose e papel e verificar o atendimento das conformidades relacionadas a normatização de saúde e segurança do trabalho. Para isso, foi feita uma análise quantitativa dos dados, do setor de manutenção de uma indústria de celulose e papel, contidos no documento fornecido pelo Laboratório de Ergonomia do Departamento de Engenharia de Produção e Mecânica da Universidade Federal de Viçosa. Foram avaliados fatores os fatores ambientais (ruído, calor e iluminação) e as condições ergonômicas. Os resultados da análise das conformidades e não conformidades das funções revelou uma condição crítica no ambiente de trabalho relacionado ao setor de manutenção, indicando a necessidade de adoção de medidas corretivas.
Otimização de rota na distribuição de produtos: uma aplicação do modelo de Clarke e Wright em uma empresa do setor alimentício
Authors: Ruoso Ana Cristina , Cioccari Machado Townsend Juliane , Cantorski da Rosa Leandro 
Published: April 2020

Este trabalho tem por objetivo propor um método com base no modelo de Clarke e Wright para otimização de rotas de entrega de produtos acabados para uma empresa de pequeno porte. A otimização do processo de distribuição pode contribuir para reduzir custos de transporte ao mesmo tempo em que permite uma melhoria do nível de serviço oferecido aos clientes. Vários fatores contribuem para que as empresas sejam mais competitivas. Um desses fatores é o transporte para distribuição do produto acabado, uma atividade com participação importante nos custos da empresa. O estudo de caso foi realizado em julho de 2018 numa micro empresa do setor de alimentos localizada em um município do centro do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul cujas atividades consistem em receber, fracionar, embalar e comercializar temperos e condimentos. A aplicação do método proposto gerou uma redução de 22,6 % na distância percorrida para distribuição dos produtos da empresa.
Políticas públicas e o desenvolvimento sustentável de cidades litorâneas: estudo de caso Bombinhas (SC) e Ilhabela (SP)
Authors: Franz Nádia Mara , Andreoli Cleverson Vitorio , Da Silva Christian Luiz 
Published: April 2020

A pesquisa apresenta estudos de caso e tem como objetivo identificar políticas que visam estimular o desenvolvimento sustentável nas cidades turística litorâneas de Bombinhas e Ilhabela. Fundamentado em conceitos sobre desenvolvimento sustentável, o estudo identifica e descreve ações e políticas adotadas pela administração pública nos pilares do desenvolvimento sustentável e analisa os efeitos utilizando indicadores de desempenho. A pesquisa tem as características da abordagem mista, de natureza aplicada, com delimitação e design técnico de estudo de casos múltiplos. As cidades avaliadas obtiveram crescimento de população, PIB e PIB per capita no período mensurado. Entretanto, o crescimento da renda não se refletiu na mesma proporção nos indicadores sociais e ambientais. O crescimento econômico pode ser o meio de gerar o progresso social e o ambiente saudável, porém a maximização dos seus reflexos na sustentabilidade depende das escolhas que os gestores públicos e a sociedade fazem para o futuro de suas cidades.
Endogenous CD83 Expression in CD4+ Conventional T Cells Controls Inflammatory Immune Responses
Authors: Liedtke Katarina , Alter Christina , Günther Anne , Hövelmeyer Nadine , Klopfleisch Robert , Naumann Ronald , Wunderlich F. Thomas , Buer Jan , Westendorf Astrid M. , Hansen Wiebke 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The glycoprotein CD83 is known to be expressed by different immune cells including activated CD4+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) and CD4+Foxp3− conventional T cells. However, the physiological function of endogenous CD83 in CD4+ T cell subsets is still unclear. In this study, we have generated a new CD83flox mouse line on BALB/c background, allowing for specific ablation of CD83 in T cells upon breeding with CD4-cre mice. Tregs from CD83flox/flox/CD4-cretg/wt mice had similar suppressive activity as Tregs from CD83flox/flox/CD4-crewt/wt wild-type littermates, suggesting that endogenous CD83 expression is dispensable for the inhibitory capacity of Tregs. However, CD83-deficient CD4+ conventional T cells showed elevated proliferation and IFN-γ secretion as well as an enhanced capacity to differentiate into Th1 cells and Th17 cells upon stimulation in vitro. T cell–specific ablation of CD83 expression resulted in aggravated contact hypersensitivity reaction accompanied by enhanced CD4+ T cell activation. Moreover, adoptive transfer of CD4+CD45RBhigh T cells from CD83flox/flox/CD4-cretg/wt mice into Rag2-deficient mice elicited more severe colitis associated with increased serum concentrations of IL-12 and elevated CD40 expression on CD11c+ dendritic cells (DCs). Strikingly, DCs from BALB/c mice cocultured with CD83-deficient CD4+ conventional T cells showed enhanced CD40 expression and IL-12 secretion compared with DCs cocultured with CD4+ conventional T cells from CD83flox/flox/CD4-crewt/wt wild-type mice. In summary, these results indicate that endogenous CD83 expression in CD4+ conventional T cells plays a crucial role in controlling CD4+ T cell responses, at least in part, by regulating the activity of CD11c+ DCs.
The Impact of MHC Class I Dose on Development and Maintenance of the Polyclonal Naive CD8+ T Cell Repertoire
Authors: Sng Xavier Y. X. , Li Jasmine , Zareie Pirooz , Assmus Lisa M. , Lee Jason K. C. , Jones Claerwen M. , Turner Stephen J. , Daley Stephen R. , Quinn Kylie M. , La Gruta Nicole L. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Naive CD8+ T cell survival in the periphery is critically dependent on tonic TCR signaling through peptide + MHC class I (MHCI) recognition; however, little is known about how natural variation in MHCI levels impacts the naive CD8+ T cell repertoire. Using mice that are hemizygous or homozygous for a single MHCI allele, we showed that despite a reduction in peripheral CD8+ T cell numbers of ∼50% in MHCI hemizygous mice, MHCI levels had no notable impact on the rate of thymic generation or emigration of CD8 single-positive T cells. Moreover, the peripheral T cell repertoire in hemizygous mice showed selective retention of T cell clonotypes with a greater competitive advantage as evidenced by increased expression of CD5 and IL-7Rα. The qualitative superiority of CD8+ T cells retained in hemizygous mice was also seen during influenza A virus infection, in which epitope-specific CD8+ T cells from hemizygous mice had a higher avidity for pMHCI and increased cytokine polyfunctionality, despite a reduced response magnitude. Collectively, this study suggests that natural variation in MHCI expression levels has a notable and biologically relevant impact on the maintenance, but not generation, of the naive CD8+ T cell repertoire.
Dendritic Cell Maturation Defines Immunological Responsiveness of Tumors to Radiation Therapy
Authors: Blair Tiffany C. , Bambina Shelly , Alice Alejandro F. , Kramer Gwen F. , Medler Terry R. , Baird Jason R. , Broz Miranda L. , Tormoen Garth W. , Troesch Victoria , Crittenden Marka R. , Gough Michael J. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Radiation therapy is capable of directing adaptive immune responses against tumors by stimulating the release of endogenous adjuvants and tumor-associated Ags. Within the tumor, conventional type 1 dendritic cells (cDC1s) are uniquely positioned to respond to these signals, uptake exogenous tumor Ags, and migrate to the tumor draining lymph node to initiate cross-priming of tumor-reactive cytotoxic CD8+ T cells. In this study, we report that radiation therapy promotes the activation of intratumoral cDC1s in radioimmunogenic murine tumors, and this process fails to occur in poorly radioimmunogenic murine tumors. In poorly radioimmunogenic tumors, the adjuvant polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid overcomes this failure following radiation and successfully drives intratumoral cDC1 maturation, ultimately resulting in durable tumor cures. Depletion studies revealed that both cDC1 and CD8+ T cells are required for tumor regression following combination therapy. We further demonstrate that treatment with radiation and polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid significantly expands the proportion of proliferating CD8+ T cells in the tumor with enhanced cytolytic potential and requires T cell migration from lymph nodes for therapeutic efficacy. Thus, we conclude that lack of endogenous adjuvant release or active suppression following radiation therapy may limit its efficacy in poorly radioimmunogenic tumors, and coadministration of exogenous adjuvants that promote cDC1 maturation and migration can overcome this limitation to improve tumor control following radiation therapy.