bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nonnative old‐field species inhabit early season phenological niches and exhibit unique sensitivity to climate
Authors: Reeb Rachel A. , Acevedo Isabel , Heberling J. Mason , Isaac Bonnie , Kuebbing Sara E. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractNative and nonnative plant species can exhibit differences in the timing of their reproductive phenology and their phenological sensitivity to climate. These contrasts may influence species' interactions and the invasion potential of nonnative species; however, a limited number of phenology studies expressly consider phenological mismatches among native and nonnative species over broad spatial or temporal scales. To fill this knowledge gap, we used two complementary approaches: First, we quantified the flowering phenology of native and nonnative plants at five old‐field sites across a spatially extensive range of eastern North America. Second, we used herbarium records to compare the sensitivity of flowering and fruiting phenology to climate across a 114‐yr time period in a subset of common old‐field species in southwestern Pennsylvania. Across the study region, nonnatives reproduced substantially earlier in the growing season than natives, suggesting that nonnatives occupy a unique phenological niche (0.55 months earlier flowering across the North American study sites; 50.1 d earlier flowering and 17.5 d earlier fruiting in southwestern Pennsylvania). Both natives and nonnatives advanced their reproductive phenology between 1900 and 2014 but exhibited contrasting phenological sensitivity to climate factors. During the flowering stage of phenology, nonnatives were more sensitive to changes in precipitation than natives and generally delayed flowering in wetter years. Nonnative plants had greater sensitivity and advanced fruiting when the month preceding fruiting was warmer, while native plants had greater sensitivity and advanced fruiting when the three‐month period preceding fruiting was warmer. Our findings suggest that nonnative old‐field species occupy an earlier phenological niche relative to native species, which may facilitate their invasion into old‐field communities. However, given the different sensitivities of native and nonnative plants to climate factors, present‐day patterns of phenology are likely to shift with future climate changes, potentially leading to novel species interactions that may influence the outcomes of invasion.
A centrifugal buoyancy formulation for Boussinesq‐type natural convection flows applied to the annulus cavity problem
Authors: Mayeli Peyman , Sheard Gregory J. 
Published: August 2020

SummaryTraditionally, the Boussinesq approximation is adopted for numerical simulation of natural convection phenomena where density variations are supposed negligible except through the gravity term of the momentum equation. In this study, a recently developed formulation based on a Boussinesq approximation is presented in which the density variations are also considered in the advection terms. Extending density‐variations to the advection terms captures centrifugal effects arising from both bulk enclosure rotation and within individual vortices, and thus more accurate results are expected. In this respect, the results of the proposed formulation are compared against the conventional Boussinesq simulations and weakly compressible approximation in the concentric horizontal annulus cavity. A new relation is established which maps the magnitude of the non‐Boussinesq parameter of incompressible flow to the corresponding relative temperature difference of a compressible flow simulation which is in agreement with the maximum allowed Gay‐Lussac number to avoid unphysical density values. For comparison purposes, variations of different thermo‐fluid parameters including average and local Nusselt number, entropy generation, and skin friction up to Ra = 105 are computed. Results obtained under the proposed approximation agree with the classical Boussinesq approximation up to Ra = 103 for large non‐Boussinesq parameter corresponding to the large relative temperature difference, but at Ra = 105, computed thermo‐fluid parameters via the two approaches are not identical which justifies the inclusion of large Gay‐Lussac number for convection dominated regime in natural convection problems.
Finite element implementation of k−ω SST with automatic wall treatment and adjoint‐based mesh adaptation
Authors: Carrier Alexandre 
Published: August 2020

SummaryThis work presents a new methodology in finite element to simulate, according to a controlled precision on an engineering value, steady turbulent flows. First, we developed a new implementation of Reynolds‐averaged Navier‐Stokes equations combined with SST turbulence model and automatic wall treatment. Then, to simulate these complex multiscale flows, spatial discretization is critical. It is still common for expert users to generate meshes manually since they can roughly anticipate the physics of the flow. However, this remains a difficult task, especially for a neophyte. A recent mesh adaptation methodology based on an adjoint sensitivity analysis allows generating automatically appropriate meshes for analysis of steady laminar flows. Here, we extended this work to turbulent flows. The presentation is limited to two‐dimensional (2D) to demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach without getting unnecessarily entangled in the implementation details. The methodology is validated on the classic 2D zero pressure gradient flat plate verification case at Re = 5 · 106. Then, a more complex example is also presented: flow around multicomponent airfoil (30P30N, ) at Re = 9 · 106.
Investor reactions to local and overseas news: Evidence from A‐ and H‐shares in China
Authors: Li Yi , Shen Dehua , Wang Pengfei , Zhang Wei 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we investigate whether investors respond differently to news coverage from local media and overseas media relying on the special setting of A‐ and H‐cross‐listing in China. By employing the abnormal stock return variance and the abnormal trading volume as investor reaction proxies, we document that both A‐share and H‐share investors tend to have stronger reactions to their own local media than to overseas media (referred to as local media preference). To provide further support, we utilize three natural experiments, that is, the introduction of colocation by the Stock Exchange of Hong Kong, the launch of Shanghai‐Hong Kong Stock Connect, and the inclusion of A‐shares in MSCI indices as well as alternative ways to construct our main variables. In addition, we also confirm that this local media preference strengthens the market segmentation between these two share classes.
Sacroiliac joint cut accuracy: Comparing new technologies in an idealized sawbones model
Authors: Siegel Matthew A. , Balach Tessa , Sweeney Kyle R. , Nystrom Lukas M. , Colman Matthew W. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe anatomical complexity of the pelvis creates challenges for orthopaedic oncologists to accurately and safely resect tumors involving the sacroiliac joint. Current technology may help overcome these obstacles.MethodsFour fellowship‐trained orthopaedic oncologists performed 22 all‐posterior sacroiliac cuts using freehand, computerized navigation, and patient‐specific cutting guides on a Sawbones male pelvis model. Cut accuracies to preoperative planned margins were analyzed via a high‐resolution optical scanner. Soft tissue damage was determined by visually inspecting the Sawbones foam placed on the far side of the cut.ResultsWithin 5 mm of the margins, the freehand technique resulted in 67.0% cut accuracy, the navigation technique had 71.1%, and the patient‐specific cutting guide technique had 85.6% (P = .093). Within 2 mm, the techniques showed an accuracy of 25.8%, 32.5%, and 47.5%, respectively (P = .022). Regarding soft tissue damage, the freehand technique exhibited minimal penetration damage for 16.7% of the cuts, while navigation and patient‐specific guide techniques exhibited 25.0% and 75.0%, respectively (P = .046). Years of surgical experience of the operator (1‐7) did not influence the cut accuracy for any method.ConclusionsUnder ideal conditions, patient‐specific guide technology possesses the same or better accuracy as other cutting techniques as well as the circumvention of soft tissue damage.
Minimum Electromyographic Burst Duration in Healthy Controls: Implications for Electrodiagnosis in Movement Disorders
Authors: Collins Alexis F. , Brown Steven T.R. , Baker Mark R. 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACTBackgroundElectromyogram (EMG) burst duration can provide additional diagnostic information when investigating hyperkinetic movement disorders, particularly when a functional movement disorder is suspected. It is generally accepted that EMG bursts <50 milliseconds are pathological.ObjectiveTo reassess minimum physiological EMG burst duration.MethodsSurface EMG was recorded from face, trunk, and limb muscles in controls (n = 60; ages 19–85). Participants were instructed to generate the briefest possible ballistic movements involving each muscle (40 repetitions) or, in muscles spanning joints, to generate rapid rhythmic alternating movements (20–30 seconds), or both.ResultsWe found no effect of age on EMG burst duration. However, EMG burst duration varied significantly between body regions. Rhythmic EMG bursts were shorter than ballistic bursts but only significantly so for lower limbs (P < 0.001). EMG bursts of duration <50 milliseconds were frequently observed, particularly in appendicular muscles.ConclusionWe present normal reference data for minimum EMG burst duration, which may assist clinical interpretation when investigating hyperkinetic movement disorders.
Use of a novel biomarker, botryococcane, to monitor biodegradation of two lacustrine‐sourced crude oils
Authors: Douglas Gregory S. , Hardenstine Jeffery H. , Kamath Roopa , Kong Deyuan , Hoffmann Robert E. , McMillen Sara 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBioremediation is a proven alternative for remediating petroleum‐impacted soils at exploration and production (E&P) sites. Monitoring remediation performance can involve detection and quantification of biodegradation resistant compounds such as C3017α(H),21β(H)‐hopane, which requires the use of gas chromatography with mass spectrometry detection (GC/MS). Due to the remoteness of many E&P sites, this technology is not always available, and alternative methods are needed to provide reliable quantitative measurements of petroleum remediation efficiency. This study provides a detailed chemical characterization of lacustrine‐sourced crude oils and a technical basis for measuring the effectiveness of bioremediation efforts for soil impacted by those crudes. We show that the novel isoprenoid hydrocarbon botryococcane is relatively stable in lacustrine‐sourced crude oils compared with C3017α(H),21β(H)‐hopane under moderate biodegradation conditions generally observed in field samples. We have also demonstrated that, due to the stability and relatively elevated concentration of botryococcane in lacustrine oils, it can be reliably measured using the more cost‐effective and available GC/FID methodology, and thereby be used to monitor the progress of ongoing soil bioremediation activities at remote sites.
Stochastic stabilization and destabilization of nonlinear and time‐varying hybrid systems by noise
Authors: Zhao Xueyan , Deng Feiqi , Fu Minyue 
Published: August 2020

SummaryThe aim of this article is to design a suitable strength function g(t,x,r(t)) such that the Wiener noise g(t,x(t),r(t))dw(t) either stabilizes or destabilizes a given nonlinear and time‐varying hybrid system . To this end, the basic properties, including the existence and uniqueness of the local and global solutions and the nonzero property of solutions of the nonlinear and time‐varying hybrid stochastic systems, are first investigated as the theoretical basis of the article. Second, two theorems and the corresponding corollaries on the stability and instability of the hybrid stochastic systems are established. Third, the design method for the noise strength g(t,x,r(t)) is then proposed based on the established theorems. We also point out that the Markov jump r(t) may have a stabilizing (respectively, destabilizing) effect when we design the noise strength g(t,x,r(t)) so that the introduced noise g(t,x(t),r(t))dw(t) stabilizes (respectively, destabilizes) the corresponding hybrid system. Finally, we illustrate our method using two examples. Compared with the existing literature, our method is suitable for a wider class of nonlinear and time‐varying systems with weaker conditions than quasi‐linear systems.
Clinical outcomes after anterior cruciate ligament injury: panther symposium ACL injury clinical outcomes consensus group
Authors: Svantesson Eleonor , Hamrin Senorski Eric , Webster Kate E. , Karlsson Jón , Diermeier Theresa , Rothrauff Benjamin B. , Meredith Sean J. , Rauer Thomas , Irrgang James J. , Spindler Kurt P. , Ma C. Benjamin , Musahl Volker ,   The Panther Symposium ACL Injury Clinical Outcomes Consensus Group, Fu Freddie H. , Ayeni Olufemi R. , Della Villa Francesco , Della Villa Stefano , Dye Scott , Ferretti Mario , Getgood Alan , Järvelä Timo , Kaeding Christopher C , Kuroda Ryosuke , Lesniak Bryson , Marx Robert G. , Maletis Gregory B , Pinczewski Leo , Ranawat Anil , Reider Bruce , Seil Romain , van Eck Carola , Wolf Brian R , Yung Patrick , Zaffagnini Stefano , Zheng Minghao 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPurposeA stringent outcome assessment is a key aspect for establishing evidence-based clinical guidelines for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury treatment. The aim of this consensus statement was to establish what data should be reported when conducting an ACL outcome study, what specific outcome measurements should be used and at what follow-up time those outcomes should be assessed.MethodsTo establish a standardized approach to assessment of clinical outcome after ACL treatment, a consensus meeting including a multidisciplinary group of ACL experts was held at the ACL Consensus Meeting Panther Symposium, Pittsburgh, PA; USA, in June 2019. The group reached consensus on nine statements by using a modified Delphi method.ResultsIn general, outcomes after ACL treatment can be divided into four robust categories—early adverse events, patient-reported outcomes, ACL graft failure/recurrent ligament disruption and clinical measures of knee function and structure. A comprehensive assessment following ACL treatment should aim to provide a complete overview of the treatment result, optimally including the various aspects of outcome categories. For most research questions, a minimum follow-up of 2 years with an optimal follow-up rate of 80% is necessary to achieve a comprehensive assessment. This should include clinical examination, any sustained re-injuries, validated knee-specific PROs and Health-Related Quality of Life questionnaires. In the mid- to long-term follow-up, the presence of osteoarthritis should be evaluated.ConclusionThis consensus paper provides practical guidelines for how the aforementioned entities of outcomes should be reported and suggests the preferred tools for a reliable and valid assessment of outcome after ACL treatment.Level of evidenceV.
Eradication of Benign Skin Lesions of the Face by Voltaic Arc Dermabrasion (Atmospheric Plasma): Postoperative Pain Assessment by Thermal Infrared Imaging
Authors: Scarano Antonio , Carinci Francesco , Candotto Valentina , Lorusso Felice 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Objectives
The face aging processes are associated with physiologic and biochemical alteration that produces wrinkles, skin pigmentation and benign growths. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of voltaic arc dermabrasion with plasma to remove benign facial skin lesions.

Study Design
Voltaic arc dermabrasion plasma technique was used to remove the facial benign skin lesions. The study involved 45 patients (26 females;19 males) treated for benign facial skin lesions with voltaic arc dermabrasion also called plasma exeresis technique. The subjects age ranged between 43 and 65 years. The clinical observations and comparison of pretreatment and post-treatment photographs of the treated regions were performed by a joint examiner at each follow-up visit.

Results
During plasma irradiation, the average temperature of the skin was 290.3 ± 21.7 °C, while immediately after it was 90.6 ± 21.8 °C. Overall clinical improvement was 100% in six lesions with complete resolution of all lesions. Three patients observed a transient post-inflammatory pigmentation with a peak at 1 month after VAD treatment, gradually fading spontaneously over 2 to 3 months.

Conclusions
The voltaic arc dermabrasion technique (atmospheric plasma) should be considered for lesions, especially relatively superficial ones, and small lesions that are located on the face.

Level of Evidence IV
This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.
Veränderungspotenziale durch die Digitalisierung der gewerkübergreifenden Kooperation von kleinen und mittleren Unternehmen im Baugewerbe in Richtung Building Information Modeling (BIM) – Eine Fallanalyse
Authors: Rothenbusch Sandra , Kauffeld Simone 
Published: August 2020

ZusammenfassungIn diesem Fallbeispiel der Zeitschrift „Gruppe. Interaktion. Organisation (GIO)“ wird abgeleitet, wie sich die unternehmens- und gewerkübergreifende Kooperation im Baugewerbe durch die Einführung eines digitalen Tools zur 3D-Modellierung von Gebäuden verändern könnte. Die Digitalisierung durchdringt das Baugewerbe (Naegele et al. 2015) und soll im Fall von Building Information Modeling (BIM) Potenziale zur Optimierung der Planung, Fertigung und Wartung von Gebäuden bieten (z. B. Fischer et al. 2017). Im Fallbeispiel wird ein digitales Tool entwickelt, mit dem auch kleine und mittlere Unternehmen, die momentan über keine Kompetenzen und Ressourcen zur computerbasierten Modellierung von Gebäuden im mehrdimensionalen Raum verfügen, diesem Digitalisierungstrend folgen können. Zur erfolgreichen Integration eines digitalen Tools in die kooperativen Arbeitsprozesse bedarf es einer proaktiven, gemeinsamen und menschenzentrierten Betrachtung der Technologie und der Arbeitsgestaltung im Sinne des soziotechnischen Ansatzes (z. B. Parker und Grote 2020). Im Fokus des Beitrags steht die mögliche Veränderung der Arbeitsprozesse und der Arbeitsgestaltung der unternehmens- und gewerkübergreifenden Kooperation eines mittelgroßen Holzbauunternehmens in der Planungsphase des Gebäudebaus durch die Technologieeinführung. Der Ist- und Soll-Zustand sowie die möglichen Konsequenzen der Einführung des digitalen Tools werden diskutiert. Das digitale Tool verspricht eine Intensivierung der gemeinsamen Arbeit in der Planungsphase, durch die Probleme in der Ausführungsphase reduziert werden können. Neben erwünschten Veränderungen, wie den verbesserten Möglichkeiten zum Informationsaustausch und zur Abstimmung, sind vielfältige weitere Konsequenzen möglich, die durch eine frühzeitige Aufdeckung in der Entwicklungsphase eines digitalen Tools proaktiv gestaltbar werden.
A comparison of business meeting practices in Germany and Spain
Authors: König Cornelius J. , Lehmann-Willenbrock Nale , Meinecke Annika L. , Winter Jasmin 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis article in the journal Gruppe. Interaktion. Organisation. (GIO) presents a study on meetings, an important part of contemporary organizational life. What happens in meetings affects individual employee experiences, team processes, and organizational functioning. However, to date little is known regarding cross-cultural differences in meeting practices. This study leverages an organizational sample (N = 488) with a German and a Spanish site to compare how pre-meeting talk, meeting design, voice in meetings, and meeting follow-up actions differ across the two cultures. Hypotheses were derived from prior intercultural theory (i.e., the GLOBE study). Following Open Science principles, the study was pre-registered. Contrary to our expectations, we found no significant differences in meeting practices between monocultural German and Spanish workplace meetings. These findings suggest that cultural differences in workplace attitudes and work practices may be diminishing in an increasingly global workplace. We sketch implications for meeting science and cross-cultural research on business practices more broadly.
Gattungsgeschichte als transnationale Funktionsgeschichte literarisch-sozialer Institutionen
Authors: Twellmann Marcus 
Published: August 2020

ZusammenfassungDer germanistische Ansatz einer Funktionsgeschichte literarisch-sozialer Institutionen ist im Zuge der transnationalen Wende der Literaturwissenschaften zu revidieren. Das Problem wird am Beispiel der Gattung »Bildungsroman« aufgezeigt, deren Entstehung vielfach als eine nationale Sonderentwicklung angesehen wird. Dagegen mehren sich neuerdings Hinweise auf die starke transnationale Verbreitung einer offenbar doch reisenden Form. Wie ließe der Prozess einer national und kulturell grenzüberschreitenden Bewegung sich funktionsgeschichtlich beschreiben?
A regularity result for a class of elliptic equations with lower order terms
Authors: Capone Claudia , Radice Teresa 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn this paper we establish the higher differentiability of solutions to the Dirichlet problem$$\begin{aligned} {\left\{ \begin{array}{ll} \text {div} (A(x, Du)) + b(x)u(x)=f &{} \text {in}\, \Omega \\ u=0 &{} \text {on} \, \partial \Omega \end{array}\right. } \end{aligned}$$div(A(x,Du))+b(x)u(x)=finΩu=0on∂Ωunder a Sobolev assumption on the partial map$$x \rightarrow A(x, \xi )$$x→A(x,ξ). The novelty here is that we take advantage from the regularizing effect of the lower order term to deal with bounded solutions.
Psychiatry NCHD referrals to the local emergency department in the context of an in-house primary care service
Authors: Carey C. , Doody E. , McCafferty R. , Madden M. , Clendennen N. , Lyons D. 
Published: August 2020

Objectives.Patients with psychiatric illness are at increased risk of developing non-psychiatric medical illnesses. There have been positive reports regarding the integration of primary care services into mental health facilities. Here, we evaluate the appropriateness of psychiatry non-consultant hospital doctors (NCHD) transfers to the local emergency department (ED) in the context of an in-house primary care service.Methods.We reviewed the inpatient transfers from St Patrick’s University Hospital (SPUH) to the local ED at St James’ Hospital (SJH) from 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2017. We used inpatient admission to SJH as our primary marker of an appropriate transfer.Results.246 inpatients were transferred from SPUH to the SJH ED for medical review in the years 2016 and 2017. 27 (11%) of these were referred to the ED by the primary care service. 51% of those referred were admitted with similar rates of admission for both general practitioner (n = 27, 54% admitted) and NCHD initiated referrals (n = 219, 51% admitted). Acute neurological illness, concern regarding a cardiac illness, and deliberate self-harm were the most common reasons for referral.Conclusion.Our primary finding is that, of those transferred to ED by either primary care or a psychiatry NCHD, a similar proportion was judged to be in need of inpatient admission. This indicates that as a group, psychiatry NCHD assessment of acuity and need for transfer was similar to that of their colleagues in primary care.