bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Studies on contact interaction of mica and glass
Authors: Fedorova S V 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The issue of waste-free use of mineral raw materials is crucial for the national economy. Mica- and glass-based composites combining high dielectric properties with chemical, thermal and mechanical strength are of special significance. For about fifty years, domestic composite materials have been based on aluminum borosilicate glass containing fluoride compounds which are harmful substances polluting the environment and worsening working conditions. The paper presents data on the uses of glass production waste and mica deposit waste for producing new composite materials which have better ecological characteristics and require lower production costs. It was identified that mica wetting depends on the chemical composition of the crystalline substance. The quantitative content of acidic oxides and the difference between the content of acidic and basic oxides have the greatest impact on the temperature interval of wetting.
Removal of radionuclides and toxic metal ions from water with use of new highly effective sorbiting material
Authors: Evsina E M , Alikova T V , Zolotareva N V 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The adsorption of radionuclides of strontium, rubidium, cesium, uranium and some toxic metal ions from water streams using flasks has been experimentally and theoretically studied. When studying the adsorption of a number of metal ions on them, it was found that in a wide range of pH many cations are durably adsorbed, and in some cases irreversible sorption is observed. Ammonium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, iron, cobalt, nickel, manganese (II), chromium (III), zinc, cadmium, lead, mercury, copper and rare earth ions are durably adsorbed. At the same time, sodium, aluminum, gallium, zirconium, and molybdenum (VI) ions are captured during adsorption from solutions. These ions can be desorbed not only by acidification of the eluting solution, but also by washing the sorbent with water. An analysis of the results obtained in the study of the adsorption of cations made it possible to draw an initial conclusion: those ions that contain vacant d or f orbitals form strong adsorption complexes with flasks. Flasks are used to extract potassium, rubidium, cesium, calcium, strontium and barium ions from water of varying degrees of salinity.
Special aspects of coagulation and floculation processes in wastewater treatment
Authors: Gumerov T Yu , Gorina L N 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Nowadays the high development of the industry leads to the inevitable pollution of the environment all over the world. First of all, it has a negative effect on the hydrosphere because, anyway, waste water falls into a reservoir or go into the ground water through the soil. The paper explores the issue of optimizing the removal of protein and lipid impurities from wastewater under exposure to the compositions of coagulants and flocculants; in this case anionic acrylamide/sodium acrylate copolymers were analyzed. It was established that by adding compositions of coagulants with flocculants to wastewater it is possible to significantly reduce the content of protein and lipid impurities. The authors determined the efficiency of the coagulant-flocculant compositions, which depend on the conditions of reagent introduction, special qualities of wastewater, nature of the coagulant, concentration, molecular weight and charge.
Catalytic purification of aqueous solutions of synthetic dyes using modified forms of bentonite
Authors: Dashinamzhilova E Ts 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Fe - and mixed Fe / Al - Bentonites (Bent) were prepared from naturally occurring montmorillonite and Fe and mixed Fe / Al containing polyoxocations. The samples were characterized by chemical analysis and low temperature adsorption of nitrogen. The Fe content was 15.5-36.0 mg · g−1. Surface area SBET was equal 118-219 m2 · g−1. The catalytic wet peroxide oxidation of diazo dye Direct Blue using the obtained solids was studied. It was established that Fe / Al -Bent was the most active and stable in color and COD removals of Direct Blue. The important factors affecting catalyst activity and color removal have been studied i.e. the influence of pH, temperature, catalyst amount, H2O2 concentration. The best results for color and COD removals and low Fe leaching were obtained when operated at pH = 4.6, t = 40°C, 1.0 g · 1−1 catalyst and molar ratio [H2 O2]/[dye] = 70.
Cleaning high-concentration wastewaters left after styrene and propylene oxide production
Authors: Andreeva S A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The goal hereof is to study the process of preparing high-concentration biologically toxic wastewaters for biological treatment. To attain this goal, the following was analyzed: (a) the composition of wastewaters from an operating enterprise; (b) the methods used to treat wastewaters of similar composition; (c) organic substances contained in wastewaters and how they could be removed by extraction. It is shown herein that the wastewater organics can be separated into another phase by reducing pH-altering acidification through introducing concentrated mineral acids into the wastewaters at room temperature and intensive mixing. In addition, the method of extraction was used for a more complete removal of organic substances isolated from the water phase. In this process the extractant in the amount of 5% out of the total wastewaters volume was used. The research quantified the biodegradation-enabling wastewater impurities.
Photooxidation of cyanide in mining effluents
Authors: Tsybikova B A , Batoeva A A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The photooxidation process using polychromatic UV xenon lamp and persulfate was studied for the destruction of cyanide in mining effluents, for example, potassium hexacyanoferrate. The kinetic regularities of a photooxidation process of hexacyanoferrates were studied (dependence on process parameters such as pH, temperature and concentration of the oxidant). The optimal molar ratio of oxidant to pollutant

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was found to be 20÷1. Comparative destruction hexacyanoferrate experiments showed that the efficiency of the destruction process in the selected oxidative systems can be changed in the following order: of {UV − VIS / PS} > {PS} > {UV − VIS}. High treatment efficiency of hexacyanoferrates using an oxidative system {UV − VIS} / PS is due to both in situ generation of ROS - hydroxyl and sulfate anion radicals and the disproportionation persulfate by Fe2+ / Fe3+ ions produced during the destruction of hexacyanoferrate complex.
Next-Generation Antibody Therapeutics: Discovery, Development and Beyond: highlights of the third annual conference of the Chinese Antibody Society
Authors: Zhang Hongyu , Deng Mi , Pei Fen , Wang Shouye , Ho Mitchell 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT
The Chinese Antibody Society (CAS) convened the third annual conference in Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA on April 7, 2019. More than 600 global members attended the meeting. The theme of this conference was Next-Generation Antibody Therapeutics: Discovery, Development and Beyond. The meeting covered a vast variety of topics including cancer immunotherapy, single-domain antibodies as well as bispecific antibodies, immunotoxins, transgenic mouse platforms for next-generation monoclonal antibody discovery and antibody chemistry, manufacturing and controls (CMCs). Two hot topics were comprehensively discussed by the prestigious panelists and hosts at the panel discussions during the conferences, i.e., bispecific antibodies and antibody CMC.
Statement of Significance: The Chinese Antibody Society convened the third annual conference in Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA on 7 April 2019. The meeting covered a variety of topics, including cancer immunotherapy, single-domain antibody, bispecific antibody, immunotoxin, transgenic mouse platforms for next-generation monoclonal antibody discovery and antibody CMC.
High nitrogen resorption efficiency of forest mosses
Authors: Liu Xin , Wang Zhe , Li Xiaoming , Rousk Kathrin , Bao Weikai 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackground and AimsNutrient resorption from senescing tissue is a key mechanism for plants to conserve nutrients, and can affect the nutrient dynamics of ecosystems. Yet, our limited knowledge of nitrogen (N) resorption and release from mosses hampers our understanding of the role of mosses as N sources and, thereby, N cycling in moss-dominated ecosystems. The aims of this study were to estimate N resorption efficiency (NRE) of two moss species, identify the pathways of N release from the mosses and to provide a better understanding of N cycling and budgeting strategies of mosses.MethodsThe dynamics of N allocation along annual moss segments of two dominant moss species (Actinothuidium hookeri and Hylocomium splendens) were assessed in old-growth fir forests using an in situ15N tracer experiment.Key ResultsThe NRE of A. hookeri and H. splendens was 61 and 52 %, respectively. While the mosses lost 23 and 33 % N from live tissues via leaching, 15 and 14 % of N remained in senesced tissues (&gt;3 years old) in A. hookeri and H. splendens, respectively.ConclusionsBoth mosses resorbed the majority of their tissue N, but a considerable amount of N was lost from live segments. Our results highlight the crucial role mosses play as N sinks in ecosystems, since N retention (resorbed and sequestered in senescent tissue) outweighed N loss via leaching. However, the sink strength depends on temperature and precipitation, which will change in a future climate. The values for NRE, leaching, etc. estimated here can help improve biogeochemical models aiming to complete N budgets for moss-abundant ecosystems.
Lean and deep models for more accurate filtering of SNP and INDEL variant calls
Authors: Friedman Sam , Gauthier Laura , Farjoun Yossi , Banks Eric 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Summary
We investigate convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for filtering small genomic variants in short-read DNA sequence data. Errors created during sequencing and library preparation make variant calling a difficult task. Encoding the reference genome and aligned reads covering sites of genetic variation as numeric tensors allows us to leverage CNNs for variant filtration. Convolutions over these tensors learn to detect motifs useful for classifying variants. Variant filtering models are trained to classify variants as artifacts or real variation. Visualizing the learned weights of the CNN confirmed it detects familiar DNA motifs known to correlate with real variation, like homopolymers and short tandem repeats (STR). After confirmation of the biological plausibility of the learned features we compared our model to current state-of-the-art filtration methods like Gaussian Mixture Models, Random Forests and CNNs designed for image classification, like DeepVariant. We demonstrate improvements in both sensitivity and precision. The tensor encoding was carefully tailored for processing genomic data, respecting the qualitative differences in structure between DNA and natural images. Ablation tests quantitatively measured the benefits of our tensor encoding strategy. Bayesian hyper-parameter optimization confirmed our notion that architectures designed with DNA data in mind outperform off-the-shelf image classification models. Our cross-generalization analysis identified idiosyncrasies in truth resources pointing to the need for new methods to construct genomic truth data. Our results show that models trained on heterogenous data types and diverse truth resources generalize well to new datasets, negating the need to train separate models for each data type.

Availability and implementation
This work is available in the Genome Analysis Toolkit (GATK) with the tool name CNNScoreVariants (https://github.com/broadinstitute/gatk).

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
dSreg: a Bayesian model to integrate changes in splicing and RNA-binding protein activity
Authors: Martí-Gómez Carlos , Lara-Pezzi Enrique , Sánchez-Cabo Fátima 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Motivation
Alternative splicing (AS) is an important mechanism in the generation of transcript diversity across mammals. AS patterns are dynamically regulated during development and in response to environmental changes. Defects or perturbations in its regulation may lead to cancer or neurological disorders, among other pathological conditions. The regulatory mechanisms controlling AS in a given biological context are typically inferred using a two-step framework: differential AS analysis followed by enrichment methods. These strategies require setting rather arbitrary thresholds and are prone to error propagation along the analysis.

Results
To overcome these limitations, we propose dSreg, a Bayesian model that integrates RNA-seq with data from regulatory features, e.g. binding sites of RNA-binding proteins. dSreg identifies the key underlying regulators controlling AS changes and quantifies their activity while simultaneously estimating the changes in exon inclusion rates. dSreg increased both the sensitivity and the specificity of the identified AS changes in simulated data, even at low read coverage. dSreg also showed improved performance when analyzing a collection of knock-down RNA-binding proteins’ experiments from ENCODE, as opposed to traditional enrichment methods, such as over-representation analysis and gene set enrichment analysis. dSreg opens the possibility to integrate a large amount of readily available RNA-seq datasets at low coverage for AS analysis and allows more cost-effective RNA-seq experiments.

Availability and implementation
dSreg was implemented in python using stan and is freely available to the community at https://bitbucket.org/cmartiga/dsreg.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Making the Invisible Visible: Applying Digital Storytelling for Immersive, Transformative and Anti-Colonial Learning
Authors: Sunderland Naomi , Woods Glenn , Dorsett Pat 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This article examines the potential for digital storytelling in students’ local environments to produce transformative, anti-colonial learning. Using a process of mindful, embodied and emplaced observation, social work and human services students at one Australian university were asked to create a digital story about the visibility and valuing of First Nations’ peoples, culture and country in their local area. This article reports on a mixed-methods research evaluation of transformative learning outcomes from that assessment. It details the Indigenist and intercultural conceptual framework that underpinned the assessment and research evaluation. This article provides resources, findings and insights that can assist social work educators and professionals to adapt the digital storytelling process for their own contexts.
Visual Organization of the Default Network
Authors: Szinte Martin , Knapen Tomas 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe default network (DN) is a brain network with correlated activities spanning frontal, parietal, and temporal cortical lobes. The DN activates for high-level cognition tasks and deactivates when subjects are actively engaged in perceptual tasks. Despite numerous observations, the role of DN deactivation remains unclear. Using computational neuroimaging applied to a large dataset of the Human Connectome Project (HCP) and to two individual subjects scanned over many repeated runs, we demonstrate that the DN selectively deactivates as a function of the position of a visual stimulus. That is, we show that spatial vision is encoded within the DN by means of deactivation relative to baseline. Our results suggest that the DN functions as a set of high-level visual regions, opening up the possibility of using vision-science tools to understand its putative function in cognition and perception.
Training Participation and the Role of Reciprocal Attitudes
Authors: Non Arjan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Using data from the German Socio-Economic Panel, I examine the relation between workers’ reciprocal attitudes, as measured in 2005 and 2010, and participation in work-related training courses in 2007 and 2013, respectively. Theory predicts that employers find it more profitable to invest in human capital of workers who have positively reciprocal attitudes, because they are more likely to return their employer’s kindness with higher effort and/or loyalty. The findings are mixed, depending on the survey year. I find that positively reciprocal workers are more likely to participate in employer-financed training in 2007, in particular when training is general. Also, consistent with theoretical expectations, I do not find a relation between workers’ reciprocal attitudes and participation in training that is not financed by the employer. However, workers’ reciprocal attitudes are not related to training participation in 2013. A possible explanation is that employers use training to induce reciprocal feelings in a slack labour market only. (JEL codes: M53 and D91).
Host Kairomones Influence Searching Behavior of Trissolcus japonicus (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae), a Parasitoid of Halyomorpha halys (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae)
Authors: Boyle Sean M , Weber Donald C , Hough-Goldstein Judith , Hoelmer Kim A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (Stål), is a highly polyphagous species native to Asia that has become a serious invasive agricultural and nuisance pest across North America and Europe. Classical biological control host range evaluations have revealed egg parasitoid Trissolcus japonicus (Ashmead) to be the primary candidate biocontrol agent for field release against H. halys. However, these evaluations only provide us with the physiological host range of T. japonicus. Other Trissolcus species have demonstrated that contact kairomones from different host species elicit varied responses in the parasitoids’ host foraging behaviors. To assess T. japonicus response to host kairomones, mated naive females were exposed to leaf surfaces contaminated with adult kairomones from its preferred host, H. halys, or from a native nontarget host, Podisus maculiventris (Say) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). Red maple, apple, and soybean were used as plant substrate treatments. The wasp’s residence time on the leaf surface, linear walking velocity, and angular walking velocity were observed and measured using Noldus EthoVision XT tracking software. Within each leaf treatment, T. japonicus displayed stronger behavioral responses on leaves contaminated with contact kairomones from H. halys. The parasitoid resided on H. halys contaminated leaves for approximately twice as a long as it did on P. maculiventris contaminated leaves. Further, both species’ kairomones elicited significant decreases in parasitoid walking velocity on all tested substrate types. Overall, our study suggests that kairomone-based behavioral studies can be used to further evaluate the host specificity of T. japonicus and can be an invaluable supplement to classical biocontrol host range testing regimes.
Cardiac resynchronization therapy following Carillon® annuloplasty device for symptomatic heart failure and functional mitral regurgitation: a case report
Authors: Jamil Haqeel A , Goldberg Steven L , Witte Klaus K 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Background
Symptomatic patients with significant left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD) require a tailored treatment approach. Both functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) and left bundle branch block (LBBB) can develop, contributing to clinical deterioration, and worse prognosis despite optimal medical therapy (OMT).

Case summary
We report the case of a symptomatic 60-year-old man on OMT with LVSD and significant FMR. His symptoms and FMR initially improved following transvenous mitral annuloplasty using the Carillon® Mitral Contour System® annuloplasty device. However, he subsequently developed LBBB with associated reduction in exercise capacity, for which he underwent cardiac resynchronization therapy, and ensuing symptom improvement and stabilization.

Discussion
Our case describes how targeted device interventions can be combined synergistically to optimize patient symptoms.
Low-grade endotoxaemia enhances artery thrombus growth via Toll-like receptor 4: implication for myocardial infarction
Authors: Carnevale Roberto , Sciarretta Sebastiano , Valenti Valentina , di Nonno Flavio , Calvieri Camilla , Nocella Cristina , Frati Giacomo , Forte Maurizio , d’Amati Giulia , Pignataro Maria G , Severino Anna , Cangemi Roberto , Arrivi Alessio , Dominici Marcello , Mangieri Enrico , Gaudio Carlo , Tanzilli Gaetano , Violi Francesco 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Aims
Low-grade endotoxaemia is detectable in human circulation but its role in thrombosis is still unclear.

Methods and results
We measured serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS) concentration, soluble P-selectin (sP-selectin), a marker of platelet activation, and zonulin, a marker of gut permeability, in peripheral circulation, coronary thrombi, and intracoronary blood of patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI, n = 50) and stable angina (SA) (n = 50), respectively, and in controls (n = 50). Experimental study was carried out in mice to assess if Escherichia coli-LPS (E. coli-LPS) possess thrombotic property. Coronary thrombi from STEMI showed higher concentrations of LPS, sP-selectin vs. intracoronary blood of SA and peripheral blood of controls (P &lt; 0.001). Zonulin was higher in STEMI compared to the other two groups [4.57 (3.34–5.22); 2.56 (0.41–4.36); 1.95 (1.22–2.65) ng/mL; P &lt; 0.001] and correlated with LPS (Rs = 0.585; P &lt; 0.001). Escherichia coli DNA was positive in 34% of STEMI vs. 12% of SA and 4% of controls (P &lt; 0.001). In a subgroup of 12 STEMI, immunohistochemical analysis of coronary thrombi showed positivity for leucocyte Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), cathepsin G, and LPS from E. coli in 100%, 80%, and 25% of samples, respectively. E. coli-LPS injected in mice to reach LPS concentrations like those detected in coronary thrombi was associated with enhanced artery thrombosis and platelet activation, an effect blunted by TLR4 inhibitor co-administration. In vitro study demonstrated that LPS from E. coli enhanced platelet aggregation via TLR4-mediated leucocyte cathepsin G activation.

Conclusion
ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients disclose an enhanced gut permeability that results in LPS translocation in human circulation and eventually thrombus growth at site of artery lesion via leucocyte–platelet interaction.