bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Blood lactate predicts survival after percutaneous implantation of extracorporeal life support for refractory cardiac arrest or cardiogenic shock complicating acute coronary syndrome: insights from the CareGem registry
Authors: Porto Italo , Mattesini Alessio , D’Amario Domenico , Sorini Dini Carlotta , Della Bona Roberta , Scicchitano Marco , Vergallo Rocco , Martellini Antonio , Caporusso Simona , Trani Carlo , Burzotta Francesco , Bruno Piergiorgio , Di Mario Carlo , Crea Filippo , Valente Serafina , Massetti Massimo 
Published: August 2020

AbstractRefractory cardiogenic shock (RCS) or refractory cardiac arrest (RCA) complicating acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is associated with extremely high mortality rate. Veno-arterial extracorporeal life support (VA-ECLS) represents a valuable therapeutic option to stabilize patients’ condition before or at the time of emergency revascularization. We analyzed 29 consecutive patients with RCS or RCA complicating ACS, and implanted with VA-ECLS in two centers who have adopted a similar, structured approach to ECLS implantation. Data were collected from January 2010 to December 2015 and ECLS had to be percutaneously implanted either before (within 48 h) or at the time of attempted percutaneous coronary revascularization (PCI). We investigated in-hospital outcome and factors associated with survival. Twenty-one (72%) were implanted for RCA, whereas 8 (28%) were implanted on ECLS for RCS. All RCA were witnessed and no-flow time was shorter than 5 min in all cases but one. All patients underwent attempted emergency PCI, using radial access in ten cases (34.5%), whereas in three patients a subsequent CABG was performed. Overall, ten patients (34.5%) survived, nine of them with a good neurological outcome. Life threatening complications, including stroke (4 pts), leg ischemia (4 pts), intestinal ischemia (5 pts), and deep vein thrombosis 2 pts), occurred frequently, but were not associated with in-hospital death. Main cause of death was multi-organ failure. PCI variables did not predict survival. Survivors were younger, with shorter low-flow time, and with ECLS mainly implanted for RCS. At multivariate analysis, levels of lactate at ECLS implantation (OR 4.32, 95%CI 1.01–18.51, p = 0.049) emerged as the only variable that independently predicted survival. In patients with RCA or RCS complicating ACS who are percutaneously implanted with ECLS before or at the time of coronary revascularization, in hospital survival rate is higher than 30%. Level of lactate at ECLS implantation appears to be the most important factor to predict survival.
Digital customization of consumer investments in multiple funds: virtual integration improves risk–return decisions
Authors: Lim Sesil , Donkers Bas , van Dijl Patrick , Dellaert Benedict G. C. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractDigital technology in financial services is helping consumers gain wider access to investment funds, acquire these funds at lower costs, and customize their own investments. However, direct digital access also creates new challenges because consumers may make suboptimal investment decisions. We address the challenge that consumers often face complex investment decisions involving multiple funds. Normative optimal asset allocation theory prescribes that investors should simultaneously optimize risk–returns over their entire portfolio. We propose two behavioral effects (mental separation and correlation neglect) that prevent consumers from doing so and a new choice architecture of virtually integrating investment funds that can help overcome these effects. Results from three experiments, using general population samples, provide support for the predicted behavioral effects and the beneficial impact of virtual integration. We find that consumers’ behavioral biases are not overcome by financial literacy, which further underlines the marketing relevance of this research.
Optimization and in Vitro Evaluation of Injectable Sustained-Release of Levothyroxine Using PLGA-PEG-PLGA
Authors: Kamali Hossein , Khodaverdi Elham , Kaffash Ehsan , Saffari Amir Sarem , Shiadeh Seyedeh Nesa Rezaeian , Nokhodchi Ali , Hadizadeh Farzin 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPurposeIn situ-forming gels (semi-solid state) (ISFGs) are widely used as sustained drug delivery, but they show a high burst release as well. The purpose of the current study is to make triblock that can make a quick gel on injection with a minimum burst release.MethodsIn this study, to control the release of levothyroxine from ISFG, PLGA-PEG-PLGA (triblock) polymer was used. The melting method was employed to synthesize the triblock via ring-opening polymerization (ROP). Different weight percentages of triblock in the formulation were investigated to reach the minimum initial burst release of levothyroxine from ISFGs.Furthermore, the results of the in-situ forming implant (solid-state) (ISFI) of levothyroxine prepared from PLGA 504 H polymers were compared with ISFG.ResultsThe melting method employed in this study showed a successful ROP of the triblock. As the % triblock concentration was increased from 30 to 50%, the initial burst release decreased significantly. The initial burst release levothyroxine from ISFG (6.52 ± 0.30%) was much lower than the amount of levothyroxine released from ISFI (14.15 ± 0.79%). No cytotoxicity was observed for the sustained-release formulation containing ISFG 50% according to the MTT assay.ConclusionThe results indicated that this formulation was safe to be administered subcutaneously. As the synthesized triblock has thermosensitive properties, and also has the hydrogen bonding between the N-methyl pyrrolidone molecules and PEG, therefore, these properties make ISFG formulation to have a smaller initial burst release compared to ISFI formulation.
ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: Historical perspective and new horizons
Authors: Zijlstra F. , Suryapranata H. , de Boer M.-J. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAfter a brief history of the emergence of modern therapy for acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction, we discuss the issues that dominate ongoing studies and are the focus of intense debates. The role of angiography, pharmacotherapy, thrombus aspiration, management of multi-vessel disease, mechanical complications and cardiogenic shock and the quest for myocardial salvage are discussed.
Cardiogenetics, 25 years a growing subspecialism
Authors: Wilde A. A. M. , Nannenberg E. , van der Werf C. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe cardiology and clinical genetics subspecialty of cardiogenetics has experienced a tremendous growth in the past 25 years. This review discusses examples of the progress that has been made as well as new challenges that have arisen within this field, with special focus on the Netherlands. A significant number of Dutch founder mutations, i.e. mutations shared by a number of individuals who have a common origin and all share a unique chromosomal background on which the mutation occurred, have been identified and have provided unique insights into genotype-phenotype correlations in inherited arrhythmia syndromes and inherited cardiomyopathies.Cardiological and genetic screening of family members of young victims of sudden cardiac death combined with genetic testing in the deceased individual have turned out to be rewarding. However, the interpretation of the results of genetic testing in this setting and in the setting of living patients with a (suspected) phenotype is now considered more challenging than previously anticipated, because the introduction of high-throughput sequencing technologies has resulted in the identification of a significant number of variants of unknown significance. Interpretation of genetic and clinical findings by experienced multidisciplinary teams are key to ensure a high quality of care to the patient and the family.
Young@Heart: empowering the next generation of cardiovascular researchers
Authors: Hoes M. F. , te Riele A. S. J. M. , Gladka M. M. , Westenbrink B. D. , van Hout G. P. J. , van den Hoogenhof M. M. G. , Ghigo A. , Bollini S. , Purcell N. H. , Sohaib S. M. A. , Kardys I. , Kuster D. W. D. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn recognition of the increasing health burden of cardiovascular disease, the Dutch CardioVascular Alliance (DCVA) was founded with the ambition to lower the cardiovascular disease burden by 25% in 2030. To achieve this, the DCVA is a platform for all stakeholders in the cardiovascular field to align policies, agendas and research. An important goal of the DCVA is to guide and encourage young researchers at an early stage of their careers in order to help them overcome challenges and reach their full potential. Young@Heart is part of the DCVA that supports the young cardiovascular research community. This article illustrates the challenges and opportunities encountered by young cardiovascular researchers in the Netherlands and highlights Young@Heart’s vision to benefit from these opportunities and optimise collaborations to contribute to lowering the cardiovascular disease burden together as soon as possible.
Land-Use Changes Associated with Oil Palm Plantations Impact PLFA Microbial Phenotypic Community Structure throughout the Depth of Tropical Peats
Authors: Dhandapani Selvakumar , Ritz Karl , Evers Stephanie , Cooper Hannah , Tonks Amanda , Sjögersten Sofie 
Published: August 2020

AbstractTropical peatlands are complex and globally-important ecosystems that are increasingly threatened by anthropogenic disturbances, primarily via agricultural development. Microbes in peatlands play important roles in governing overall ecosystem functions and sustenance, with specific population dynamics governing carbon sink or source dynamics. We determined phenotypic microbial community structures under forest, drained, burned and oil palm plantation peatlands, using phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) profiling. Communities were distinct under each land-use type, varied consistently with depth down to two metres, but with a distinct characteristic shift at circa one metre depth. There was bacterial dominance across all land-use types and depths. The burnt peatland showed the greatest contrast relative to forest, possibly due to the difference in water table level. Gram-positive bacteria was the most dominant group in surface layers under all land-use types except burnt, and their relative abundance decreased with depth, replaced by Gram-negative groups in deeper layers. Fungal relative abundance remained low across both land-use types and depth ranges. Our results shed light on a hitherto virtually unknown tropical peat microbial phenotypic community structure and indicate that anthropogenic disturbance in tropical peatlands severely alter microbial communities.
Laboratory investigation of coal characteristics from Tikak Parbat formation of North-East India for coal bed methane study
Authors: Banik Prasun 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe increasing demand for cleaner source of energy forces India to explore various energy sources, and in this process, coal bed methane gas attracts lot of attention for its favourable characteristics including abundance of coal, clean gas, mitigation of greenhouse gases, reduction in hazard in mines, etc. However, the challenge faced during exploration and production varies from depth of seam, heterogeneity in coal characteristics, rank, sorption capacity, saturation, etc. So the detail analysis of various properties is important for economical extraction of gas. The present paper investigates coal properties and their influence on coal bed methane potentiality. Samples from core wells have been analysed in laboratory using proximate and ultimate analyser. Linear correlations between coal constituents and vitrinite reflectance as well as sorption capacity of coal have been established statistically. Mutual relations among proximate parameters are developed.
3D Automatic Segmentation of Aortic Computed Tomography Angiography Combining Multi-View 2D Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Fantazzini Alice , Esposito Mario , Finotello Alice , Auricchio Ferdinando , Pane Bianca , Basso Curzio , Spinella Giovanni , Conti Michele 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPurposeThe quantitative analysis of contrast-enhanced Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA) is essential to assess aortic anatomy, identify pathologies, and perform preoperative planning in vascular surgery. To overcome the limitations given by manual and semi-automatic segmentation tools, we apply a deep learning-based pipeline to automatically segment the CTA scans of the aortic lumen, from the ascending aorta to the iliac arteries, accounting for 3D spatial coherence.MethodsA first convolutional neural network (CNN) is used to coarsely segment and locate the aorta in the whole sub-sampled CTA volume, then three single-view CNNs are used to effectively segment the aortic lumen from axial, sagittal, and coronal planes under higher resolution. Finally, the predictions of the three orthogonal networks are integrated to obtain a segmentation with spatial coherence.ResultsThe coarse segmentation performed to identify the aortic lumen achieved a Dice coefficient (DSC) of 0.92 ± 0.01. Single-view axial, sagittal, and coronal CNNs provided a DSC of 0.92 ± 0.02, 0.92 ± 0.04, and 0.91 ± 0.02, respectively. Multi-view integration provided a DSC of 0.93 ± 0.02 and an average surface distance of 0.80 ± 0.26 mm on a test set of 10 CTA scans. The generation of the ground truth dataset took about 150 h and the overall training process took 18 h. In prediction phase, the adopted pipeline takes around 25 ± 1 s to get the final segmentation.ConclusionThe achieved results show that the proposed pipeline can effectively localize and segment the aortic lumen in subjects with aneurysm.
Interdependencies in Mothers’ and Daughters’ Work-Family Life Course Trajectories: Similar but Different?
Authors: Vidal Sergi , Lersch Philipp M. , Jacob Marita , Hank Karsten 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Women’s life courses underwent substantial changes in the family and work domains in the second half of the twentieth century. The associated fundamental changes in opportunity structures and values challenged the importance of families of origin for individual life courses, but two research strands suggest enduring within-family reproduction of women’s family behavior and work outcomes. We revisit this issue by studying two complementary types of intergenerational associations in women’s combined work-family trajectories. On the one hand, we examine similarities across mothers’ and daughters’ work-family trajectories to address the direct within-family reproduction of female life courses (intergenerational persistence). On the other hand, we examine systematic associations between work-family trajectories that are typical in each generation to address intergenerational interdependencies beyond direct reproduction that account for individual and societal constrains and opportunities that each generation faced (intergenerational correspondence). We use a within-dyad approach to sequence analysis and examine combined work-family trajectories between ages 18 and 35 of two generations of women, born in 1930–1949 and in 1958–1981, within the same family drawn from the German Socio-Economic Panel. Overall, we find evidence of small but nontrivial persistence in work-family trajectories across generations that is partly attributed to within-family mechanisms of reproduction. In addition, we find correspondence across typical trajectory patterns of each generation, without daughters necessarily resembling their mothers’ trajectories. The strength of the intergenerational associations varies by social background. Our research improves and broadens our understanding of the reproduction of female life courses across generations.
FORTA(Fit-fOR-The-Aged)-based medication optimization: retrospective analysis of experiences from an unconventional outpatient service
Authors: Rieg Sophia , Wehling Martin 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Purpose
To address potentially harmful polypharmacy in multimorbid older patients. Secondary to assess FORTA (Fit-fOR-The-Aged) utility in ambulatory patients.

Methods
Consecutive patients attending a novel ambulatory service for gerontopharmacology were included in this retrospective analysis. Baseline data, diagnoses, previous drug treatment and recommended changes in medication were analysed and the change of the FORTA score (sum of over- and undertreatment errors) calculated.

Results
The analysis of 182 cases revealed a high number of recommended medication alterations per case (9.81; 95% CI 9.13–10.50). The FORTA score was significantly reduced from 4.24 ± 2.30 to 0.80 ± 1.08 (P < 0.00001), as were under- and overtreatment errors if analysed separately.

Conclusions
The large number of recommendations given in this special outpatient service points to a profound unmet medical need for improving medications in older patients. The FORTA approach was found to be useful to reduce both over- and undertreatment in multimorbid older patients.
Social-Computation-Supporting Kinds
Authors: Strohmaier David 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSocial kinds are heterogeneous. As a consequence of this diversity, some authors have sought to identify and analyse different kinds of social kinds. One distinct kind of social kinds, however, has not yet received sufficient attention. I propose that there exists a class of social-computation-supporting kinds, or SCS-kinds for short. These SCS-kinds are united by the function of enabling computations implemented by social groups. Examples of such SCS-kinds arereimbursement form,US dollar bill,chair of the board. I will analyse SCS-kinds, contrast my analysis with theories of institutional kinds, and discuss the benefits of investigating SCS-kinds.
Introduction: a global history of the Irish Revolution
Authors: Delaney Enda , McGarry Fearghal 
Published: August 2020

AbstractHow might the history of Ireland's revolution be reassessed if viewed within a transnational, comparative or global framework? Drawing attention to recent writing on the subject, this introduction considers the conceptual and historiographical issues at stake in reframing the history of the Irish Revolution, as well as considering potential limitations to these approaches. We assess what topics in particular lend themselves to a fresh perspective focusing on Irish nationalism, while also indicating areas where there is considerable scope for new lines of inquiry. In this era of intensive commemoration of the events that unfolded between 1912 and 1923, this special issue serves to remind us that the history of the revolution should not be confined to the island of Ireland. We argue that thinking transnationally and comparatively can promote a more inclusive and diverse global history of Irish Revolution.
Violence against women in the Irish Civil War, 1922–3: gender-based harm in global perspective
Authors: Clark Gemma 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSince the 1990s, in the wake of the wars and ethnic cleansing in the former Yugoslavia, violence against women in wartime has become a matter of international concern. This article, on gender-based violence (G.B.V.) during the Irish Civil War, draws on research from scholars and activists around the globe, and newly accessible archival sources, to highlight the relatively humane treatment of women in Ireland – even during the bitter final stages of the Irish Revolution, c.1912–23. Records of the Irish Free State's Compensation (Personal Injuries) Committee show that women suffered some serious and traumatising interpersonal violence during 1922–3 – often on account of their gender (as guardians of the domestic space). Women's interactions with the Civil War were thus distinctive from men's because of the prevalence in Ireland of forms of aggression and intimidation, including crimes against property, which transgressed public/private boundaries. However, I argue that it did not serve the strategy nor ideology of either warring side to denigrate women en masse. The genocidal aims underlying conflict-related G.B.V. elsewhere in the world were absent in Ireland, where gendered power structures, shored up by Catholic authority, remained largely unshaken by the revolution – despite the great efforts of many radical females. Revolutionary Ireland was not a safe place for many Irishwomen (nor indeed for some men); however, for pro- and anti-Treaty forces, maintaining propriety militated against the need for sexual violence as warfare.
How Much is One American Worth? How Competition Affects Trade Preferences
Authors: MUTZ DIANA C. , LEE AMBER HYE-YON 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWhen forming opinions, mass publics may implicitly or explicitly value some people’s well-being more than others. Here we examine how two forms of this phenomenon—ethnocentric valuation and moral exclusion—affect attitudes toward international trade. We hypothesize that attitudes toward competition and believing that trade is a competition moderate the extent of ethnocentric valuation and moral exclusion; although all citizens value their co-nationals’ livelihoods systematically more than those of people in trading partner countries, greater ethnocentric valuation and moral exclusion occur when trade is seen as a competition and when individuals hold more positive attitudes toward competition.Using two survey experiments conducted on representative samples of both Americans and Canadians, we examine how differential valuation of in-country and out-country job gains and losses influences trade policy preferences. We test a series of hypotheses using multiple variables tied to competitive attitudes across two countries that differ in their attitudes toward competition.
Repellent activity of Tanacetum parthenium (L.) and Tanacetum vulgare (L.) essential oils against Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say)
Authors: Lazarević Jelica , Kostić Igor , Milanović Slobodan , Šešlija Jovanović Darka , Krnjajić Slobodan , Ćalić Dušica , Stanković Slađan , Kostić Miroslav 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say), is one of the most destructive pest species to have developed resistance to most chemical insecticides. We determined the composition and evaluated the potential of Tanacetum parthenium L. and Tanacetum vulgare L. (Asteraceae family) essential oil (EO) application as an alternative eco-friendly control strategy against L. decemlineata. We assessed the antifeedant activity for L. decemlineata larvae and adults by estimating the damage to potato leaves treated with three concentrations of EOs dissolved in ethanol (0.125, 0.25 and 0.5%). Results showed that T. parthenium EO was more effective against larvae, and T. vulgare was more effective against adults. In an olfactometer assay, the time required to choose an untreated leaf disc did not depend on the Tanacetum species, or life stage examined. However, the concentration of EO exhibited a significant effect on the behaviour of both developmental stages. At higher EO concentrations, both third instar larvae and adults require less time to choose an untreated leaf disc. Additionally, T. parthenium EO provoked more rapid movement away from the treated leaf disc than T. vulgare, especially at the highest concentration. Successful modification of L. decemlineata behaviour by the two Tanacetum oils suggests that they possess the potential for use in potato protection.