bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experience of gerotranscendence among community‐dwelling older people: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Jeong Sarah Yeun‐Sim , Moon Kyoung Ja , Lee Woo Suck , David Michael 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAims and objectivesTo investigate the experience of gerotranscendence among older people in community in Korea and the factors that influence their experience.BackgroundWhile the literature provides estimates of how many older people are affected by negative aspects of ageing, it is not known to what extent and why some older people experience gerotranscendence, despite the challenges they encounter throughout their lifetime.DesignA cross‐sectional survey.MethodsA 55‐item questionnaire was distributed to 109 older people between March and June 2017. Univariable and multivariable linear regressions were conducted on the four question group sum scores to identify factors associated with gerotranscendence.ResultsOlder people aged 65–93 who live in a community in Korea reported the experience of gerotranscendence. Age and religion showed a statistically significant association with gerotranscendence. Religiosity showed a statistically significant association with beliefs about death and dying. Age and beliefs about death and dying have significant relationship with the experience of gerotranscendence.ConclusionsOlder people who have more positive views about death and dying are more likely to experience gerotranscendence. The study results provide nurses and other healthcare professionals with new understandings and insights about the factors potentially related to positive ageing process.Implications for practiceIt is essential for nurses to investigate their own beliefs about death and dying, and their understanding of gerotranscendence which will contribute to developing education programs and practice guidelines as an essential part of promoting gerotranscendence and positive ageing.
Long‐term follow‐up of implantable cardioverter defibrillator patients with regard to appropriate therapy, complications, and mortality
Authors: Mattsson Gustav , Magnusson Peter 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundAn implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) is recommended for patients with symptomatic heart failure with ejection fraction ≤35% despite optimal medical therapy. More recently, the benefits of ICDs have been questioned in nonischemic cardiomyopathy (CM).AimTo examine the incidence of appropriate therapy, complications, mortality, and cause of death among ICD patients in an unselected validated cohort. In primary prevention, appropriate therapy in ischemic versus nonischemic CM will be evaluated.MethodsA retrospective observational study of patients in Region Gävleborg, Sweden, who underwent ICD implantation or replacement between 2007 and 2017.ResultsIn total, 438 patients (mean age at implant: 65.9 ± 11.2 years, 82.0% males, mean follow‐up: 5.2 ± 4.0 years) were included. There were 108 (24.7%) deaths (49.1% due to heart failure) and 94.9% survived the first year. Cumulative incidence of appropriate therapy at 5‐year was 31.6%. Cumulative incidence of inappropriate shock at 5‐year was 9.1%. A total of 98 complications requiring surgical intervention occurred (annual rate: 4.3%). In total, 236 patients with primary prevention due to ischemic (61.9%) or nonischemic (38.1%) CM were included. During a mean follow‐up of 3.9 ± 2.5 years, for appropriate therapy, there was no significant difference (P = .985) between ischemic (cumulative incidence at 1, 3, and 5 years: 6.4%, 17.1%, and 19.6%) and nonischemic CM (cumulative incidence at 1, 3, and 5 years: 5.6%, 13.6%, and 24.4%).ConclusionIschemic and nonischemic CM confer similar risk of ventricular arrhythmia. This supports current guidelines regarding primary‐prevention ICD. Short‐term survival is excellent but complications remain a problem.
Three‐dimensional soft tissue preservation revealed in the skin of a non‐avian dinosaur
Authors: Fabbri Matteo , Wiemann Jasmina , Manucci Fabio , Briggs Derek E. G. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe most commonly preserved soft tissues associated with ornithischian dinosaurs are skin remains. The apparent resistance of hadrosaur skin to decay, and its abundance in the fossil record relative to that of other tetrapods, has been attributed to factors such as thickness and composition. Here we report additional intrinsic factors within hadrosaur skin: 3D‐preserved eumelanin‐bearing bodies, dermal cells and blood vessel fragments in an organic matrix composed of protein fossilization products. The skin is much thinner than that of living mammals of similar size. It is likely that the preservation of hadrosaur skin is related to the arrangement of the layers composing it.
Universal Gravitation and the (Un)Intelligibility of Natural Philosophy
Authors: Slavov Matias 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis article centers on Hume's position on the intelligibility of natural philosophy. To that end, the controversy surrounding universal gravitation shall be scrutinized. It is very well known that Hume sides with the Newtonian experimentalist approach rather than with the Leibnizian demand for intelligibility. However, what is not clear is Hume's overall position on the intelligibility of natural philosophy. It shall be argued that Hume declines Leibniz's principle of intelligibility. However, Hume does not eschew intelligibility altogether; his concept of causation itself stipulates mechanical intelligibility.
The diversity of soil microbial communities matters when legumes face drought
Authors: Prudent Marion , Dequiedt Samuel , Sorin Camille , Girodet Sylvie , Nowak Virginie , Duc Gérard , Salon Christophe , Maron Pierre‐Alain 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe cultivation of legumes shows promise for the development of sustainable agriculture, but yield instability remains one of the main obstacles for its adoption. Here, we tested whether the yield stability (i.e., resistance and resilience) of pea plants subjected to drought could be enhanced by soil microbial diversity. We used a dilution approach to manipulate the microbial diversity, with a genotype approach to distinguish the effect of symbionts from that of microbial diversity as a whole. We investigated the physiology of plants in response to drought when grown on a soil containing high or low level of microbial diversity. Plants grown under high microbial diversity displayed higher productivity and greater resilience after drought. Yield losses were mitigated by 15% on average in the presence of high soil microbial diversity at sowing. Our study provides proof of concept that the soil microbial community as a whole plays a key role for yield stability after drought even in plant species living in relationships with microbial symbionts. These results emphasize the need to restore soil biodiversity for sustainable crop management and climate change adaptation.
Determination of pentraxin 3 levels in diagnosis of appendicitis in children
Authors: Ates Ufuk , Bahadir Kutay , Ergun Ergun , Gollu Gulnur , Durmaz Mustafa , Gunay Fatih , Erguder Imge , Bingol‐Kologlu Meltem , Yagmurlu Aydin , Dindar Huseyin , Cakmak Murat 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study is to determine whether pentraxin 3 (PTX3) levels can be used in the diagnosis of appendicitis in children.MethodsFifteen children under 18 years old, who gave blood samples for reasons other than inflammatory conditions, and 40 children who were proved to have appendicitis (non‐perforated or perforated) between August 2017 and January 2018, were enrolled in the study. Patients were classified into subgroups: group 1 (healthy children without any sign of inflammation, n = 15), group 2 (non‐perforated appendicitis, n = 25), and group 3 (perforated appendicitis, n = 15).ResultsThe median PTX3 value was 1.01 ng/mL (minimum value: 0.82, maximum: 1.28) in the control group. The median PTX3 values prior to surgery were 20.68 ng/mL (minimum: 1.02, maximum: 28.471) and 1.46 (minimum: 1.05, maximum: 23.421) ng/mL for non‐perforated appendicitis and perforated appendicitis respectively. The PTX3 levels were significantly higher in groups 2 and 3 than in group 1 (P < 0.01). According to receiver operating characteristics analysis the cut‐off value of PTX3 levels at admission for appendicitis was 1.30 ng/mL with a sensitivity of 75% and a specificity of 100% (area under the curve, 0.939; P = 0.000).ConclusionsPentraxin 3 levels were significantly higher in children with appendicitis than in healthy children. Children with high PTX3 levels complaining of right lower quadrant pain may support a diagnosis of appendicitis. Future studies should be conducted to evaluate changes in PTX3 levels by comparing children with appendicitis versus acute abdominal pain in larger populations to further determine the value of PTX3 in the diagnosis of appendicitis in children.
Characteristics and predictive value for graft fibrosis of the complement‐binding capacity of donor‐specific human leukocyte antigen antibodies after pediatric liver transplantation
Authors: Tokodai Kazuaki , Miyagi Shigehito , Nakanishi Wataru , Nishimura Ryuichi , Fujio Atsushi , Goto Masafumi , Unno Michiaki , Kamei Takashi 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundDonor‐specific HLA antibodies (DSAs) have detrimental effects on short‐ and long‐term outcomes after organ transplantation. Despite evidence that the complement‐binding capacity of DSAs has predictive power in kidney transplantation, its clinical impact during long‐term follow‐up after LT remains unclear. In this study, we assessed the complement‐binding capacities of DSAs and their association with histological findings.MethodsIn total, 72 patients who underwent pediatric LT at our institution between July 1991 and October 2013 were retrospectively reviewed. A subgroup analysis of histological findings was performed for 37 subjects who underwent liver graft biopsy. Patients were divided into two groups based on the degree of graft fibrosis, and clinical characteristics were assessed.ResultsAll anti‐class I DSAs were C1q‐negative. Anti‐DR and anti‐DQ DSAs were identified in 34% and 41% of patients, respectively; however, only three of 25 patients with anti‐DR DSAs exhibited a positive C1q‐binding assay, whereas, 25 of 29 anti‐DQ DSAs showed C1q‐binding capacity. MFI values for DSA were significantly higher for patients with C1q‐binding capacity than for those without (P < .0001). Complement‐binding anti‐DR DSA was relatively rare in both groups. Regarding anti‐DQ DSA, there were no differences between fibrosis and non‐fibrosis groups, irrespective of complement‐binding capacity.ConclusionsThe association between anti‐DR DSA and liver fibrosis, which was supported in this cohort, was not strengthened but rather impaired when accounting for complement‐binding capacity due to low positive detection. Further studies of the association between complement‐binding anti‐DQ DSA and histological findings in LT are needed.
Direct Estimation of Surface Strain Fields From a Stereo Vision System
Authors: Boyle John J. , Pless Robert B. , Thomopoulos Stavros , Genin Guy M. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Estimating strain on surfaces of deforming three-dimensional (3D) structures is a critical need in experimental mechanics. Although single-camera techniques excel at estimating deformation on a surface parallel to the imaging plane, they are prone to artifact for 3D motion because they cannot distinguish between out-of-plane motion and in-plane dilatation. Multiview (e.g., stereo) camera systems overcome this via a three-step process consisting of: (1) independent surface registration, (2) triangulation to estimate surface displacements, and (3) deformation estimation. However, existing methods are prone to errors associated with numerical differentiation when computing estimating strain fields from displacement fields unless regularization schemes are used. Such regularization schemes can introduce inaccuracy into strain estimation. Inspired by previous work which combined registration and deformation estimation into a single step for 2D images and 3D imaging stacks, we developed a theory for simultaneous image registration, 3D triangulation, and deformation estimation in a multiview system. The deformation estimation does not require numerical differentiation of displacement fields to estimate strain fields. We present here the theoretical foundations and derivation of two related implementations of this approach, and discuss their strengths and weaknesses.
A Novel Radial Artery Line Simulation Training Model
Authors: Fletcher Brian P. , Wang Connor C. , Drougas James G. , Robinson William P. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
With the growing Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) regulations, studies have increasingly reported decreased technical proficiencies by clinical trainees. One major way programs have addressed this is by adopting proficiency through simulation training. One such crucial technique is radial artery line cannulation, an invasive procedure performed by trainees across multiple medical disciplines. The objective of this project was to design a high-fidelity, pulsatile, automated radial artery line simulation model that supports ultrasound (US) guided insertion and pressure transduction that could potentially be used for technical skill development and training purposes. A radial artery line simulation model was designed using a pulsatile, arterial circuit with an alginate silicone cast molded artificial hand that supported cannulation under US guidance. The radial arterial circuit pressure was transduced to display a simulated arterial waveform and pressure. Five radial artery lines were successfully cannulated under US guidance followed by pressure transduction. The results, although qualitative, demonstrate a proof of concept. Further studies are needed to determine if the radial artery simulation model can be used as an educational tool to help train medical professionals.
Technical Basis for Flaw Acceptance Criteria for Cast Austenitic Stainless Steel Piping
Authors: Shim Do Jun , Cofie Nathanial , Dedhia Dilipkumar , Griesbach Tim , Amberge Kyle 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
According to the current ASME Code Section XI, IWB-3640 and Appendix C flaw evaluation procedure, cast austenitic stainless steel (CASS) piping with ferrite content (FC) less than 20% is treated as wrought stainless steel. For CASS piping with FC equal or greater than 20%, there was no flaw evaluation procedure in the ASME Code prior to the 2019 Edition. In this paper, the technical basis for the recently approved Code change containing flaw acceptance criteria for CASS piping is presented. The procedure utilizes the current rules in ASME Code Section XI, IWB 3640/Appendix C and the existing elastic-plastic correction factors (i.e., Z-factors) for other materials in the Code. The appropriate Z-factor to use for the CASS piping is determined based on the FC (using Hull's equivalent factor). Experimentally measured fully saturated fracture toughness and tensile data of the three most common grades of CASS material in the U.S. (CF3, CF8, and CF8M) were used to determine the flaw acceptance criteria in the Appendix C Code method. As described here, the method is conservative since it utilizes the fully saturated condition of CASS materials. In addition, it is simple and consistent with the current regulatory guidance on aging management of CASS piping.
Experimental Study of Flow Structure in Converging–Diverging Axisymmetric Geometry
Authors: Volent Eirik , Sagmo Kristian , Solemslie Bjørn Winther , Dahlhaug Ole Gunnar 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Control valves, nozzles, and other mechanical flow constricting constructions often introduce highly turbulent flow downstream of vena contracta. When solid particles are present in the fluid stream erosion can occur due to the high fluid velocity and turbulence, both in the converging and diverging section of a constriction. This paper presents an experimental study of such flow structure in a converging–diverging valve geometry. The purpose of the study is to obtain velocity profiles downstream of vena contracta by the use of particle image velocimetry measurements. Profiles and flow structure, with and without introduced swirl component, is investigated and discussed with respect to erosion in such specific geometries.
Near Wake Development Behind Marine Propeller Model in Presence of Freestream Turbulence
Authors: Hermsen Bennitt L. , Bornemeier Matthew , Luznik Luksa 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Three-dimensional particle image velocimetry (PIV) experiments were conducted in the immediate near wake and up to seven diameters downstream of a three-bladed marine propeller model operating in two different inflow conditions: one with imposed freestream turbulence with intensity of 7% and streamwise integral length scale comparable to propeller geometry, and the second experiment with a quiescent inflow conditions as a reference. The resulting Reynolds number based on propeller chord and relative velocity is Re0.7R = 4.7 × 105. All components of radial transport of mean flow kinetic energy are analyzed and the largest contributor to the fluxes is found to be correlated to Reynolds shear stresses, resulting in radially outward flux in the wake. Two regions of the near wake are distinguishable with downstream extent dependent on the level of external turbulence. In the first region, immediately behind the propeller, shed tip vortices are very coherent and undergo grouping and roll-up around each other and the second region where the vortex merger process is complete and characterized by breakdown of vortices into small-scale turbulence. The latter region was found to occur earlier in the experiment with external turbulence. Conditional statistics of velocity fluctuations were employed and they show that outward interactions and sweep events contribute the most to the transfer of mean flow kinetic energy from the inner wake to the freestream.
<p class="Body"><strong>Tarsocheylidae, a newly recorded family with description of a new species from China</strong></p>
Authors: Xu Yun , Zhu Yu-zhen , Wu Jie-Qin , Zhang Fei-Ping 
Published: December 2019

A new species of the genus Hoplocheylus Atyeo and Baker (Acariformes: Heterostigmata: Tarsocheylidae), H. lindquisti Xu & Zhang sp. nov., is described based on larva, deutonymph, adult male and female specimens collected from the bark of dead Pinus massoniana Lamb. infested with Monochamus alternatus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in Fuzhou city, China. This is the first report of the genus Hoplocheylus and the family Tarsocheylidae in China.
What the Empirical Studies on Sport Coach Education Programs in Higher Education Have to Reveal: A Review
Authors: Trudel Pierre , Milestetd Michel , Culver Diane M. 
Published: December 2019

Facing the increase in the number of publications, often spread across many journals, researchers have developed different approaches to review the literature. In the first part of this article we present the result of an “overview” type of review of literature on sport coach education programs in higher education (HE) between 2000–2018. By sharing the list of the 38 articles found, along with some general characteristics of these, our hope is, as suggested in many reviews of literature, that researchers will use the review to more easily frame their studies and discuss their results. However, there are very few examples of how this is done. We would argue that how researchers use the same review of literature varies depending of their context, research interests, and research paradigm. Therefore, in the second part of the article we highlight what we took from our review of the literature based on our specific research context—Brazilian HE sport coach education programs. The three key topics presented and discussed are: (a) the importance of considering the student-coaches’ biography, (b) how to prepare student-coaches for reflective practice, and (c) the complexity of internships.
A Novel Approach for Detecting an Immunodominant Antigen ofPorphyromonas gingivalisin Diagnosis of Adult Periodontitis
Authors: Kawai Toshihiasa , Ito Hiro-O , Sakato Nobuo , Okada Hiroshi 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTIn the course of long-term infection withPorphyromonas gingivalisin adult periodontitis, a specific antibody response to this organism is generated. We describe a potential novel approach for identifying an immunodominant antigen in human periodontitis patients. First, various monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were established from mice immunized with crude antigen preparations ofP. gingivalisFDC 381. The antigen specificities of these MAbs were compared with those of serum antibodies of 10 periodontitis patients in a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The binding of one MAb (termed PF18) was readily inhibited by sera from all patients but not by sera from healthy volunteers. The antigen recognized by PF18 existed on the cell surface, presumably in the capsule layer, shown by immunoelectron microscopic analysis. Purification of the antigenic substance, termed PF18-Ag, was performed by immunoaffinity chromatography with the MAb. Characterization of PF18-Ag suggested that the epitope was composed of carbohydrates but not peptides and that the substance was different from lipopolysaccharide. Measurement of levels of serum antibody to PF18-Ag better discriminated periodontitis patients from healthy individuals than measurement of antibodies to crude antigen preparations ofP. gingivalis. Immunoglobulin G2 was the predominant isotype among the antibodies to PF18-Ag in the patients’ sera. These results suggest that PF18-Ag, which is possibly a novel substance, is an important antigenic substance and is potentially useful for the clinical diagnosis of adult periodontitis. The approach that was used would also be relevant to detecting immunodominant antigens of other infectious microorganisms.
Age-Stratified Seroprevalence of Neutralizing Antibodies to Astrovirus Types 1 to 7 in Humans in The Netherlands
Authors: Koopmans M. P. G. , Bijen M. H. L. , Monroe S. S. , Vinjé J. 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT

Astroviruses are a new family of positive-stranded RNA viruses that cause gastroenteritis in a wide range of animals and in humans. Seven types of astrovirus, tentatively considered serotypes, have been distinguished by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) or immunoelectron microscopy, but it is unclear whether the serotype designation is used properly. To test human sera for the presence of neutralizing antibodies and to type field strains, neutralization tests (NT) using CaCo2 tissue-culture-adapted astrovirus strains 1 to 7 and the corresponding rabbit reference sera were developed. In rabbits, neutralizing antibodies were predominantly serotype specific, with the exception of low-level cross-reactivity in astrovirus serotype 4 reference serum with astrovirus serotype 1 virus. Similarly, in humans, no evidence of cross-reactivity was found for the serotype combinations tested (all except the combination 1 and 7 and the combination 6 and 7). Typing by NT was concordant with typing by ELISA and genotyping, with one exception. The seroprevalence rates of neutralizing antibodies in an age-stratified sample of the population in Utrecht Province (
n
= 242) were 91% for astrovirus serotype 1, 69% for astrovirus serotype 3, 56% for astrovirus serotype 4, 36% for astrovirus serotype 5, 31% for astrovirus serotype 2, 16% for astrovirus serotype 6, and 10% for astrovirus serotype 7. Acquisition of antibodies was slower among persons seropositive for astrovirus serotype 5 than among those seropositive for astrovirus serotypes 1 to 4, suggesting that the epidemiology of serotype 5 astrovirus is different from that of astrovirus serotypes 1 to 4.