bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The relationship between nuclear energy consumption and economic growth: evidence from Switzerland
Authors: Magazzino Cosimo , Mele Marco , Schneider Nicolas , Vallet Guillaume 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This study aims to investigate the relationship between nuclear energy consumption and economic growth in Switzerland over the period 1970–2018. We use data on capital, labour, and exports within a multivariate framework. Starting from the consideration that Switzerland has decided to phase out nuclear energy by 2034, we examine the effect of this structural economic-energy change in the country. To do so, two distinct estimation tools are performed. The first model, using a time-series approach, analyze the relationship between bivariate and multivariate causality. The second, using a Machine Learning methodology, test the results of the econometric modelling through an Artificial Neural Networks process. This last empirical procedure represents our original contribution with respect to the previous energy-GDP papers. The results, in the logarithmic propagation of neural networks, suggest a careful analysis of the process that will lead to the abandonment of nuclear energy in Switzerland to avoid adverse effects on economic growth.
Fast fabrication of silicone-modified polyurethane/SiO2 composite superhydrophobic coating with excellent anti-icing and self-cleaning behaviour
Authors: Liu Hua , Li Xiang , Lv Lina , Liu Zuozhen , Chen Jianding 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The superhydrophobic coating has many excellent properties, but due to the limitation of poor surface mechanical stability and sophisticated preparation engineering, it is challenging to realize large-area application. In this study, a robust superhydrophobic coating with excellent performance was prepared by a simple and fast method. The modified silica nanoparticles was sprayed on the hydrophobic polyurethane coating, and the superhydrophobic surface with a water contact angle of 160° and sliding angle of 2° was successfully prepared after curing under UV lamp for 3 min. The coating can be applied to the surface of all kinds of substrates, and it still has a static water contact angle of 150° after 400 cycles of friction on 500 mesh sandpaper. Furthermore, the coating with verified self-cleaning and anti-icing properties exhibits superhydrophobicity to strong acid and alkali solutions. This simple, fast and environmentally friendly preparation method is expected to realize the wide application of superhydrophobic coatings.
Structural and morphological characterization of YBa2Cu3O7-x films deposited by screen printing from YBa2Cu3O6.962 superconductor in bulk
Authors: Juárez-Lopez J M , Guillén-Cervantes A , Quiñones-Galván J G , Nieto-Zepeda K E , Zelaya-Angel O , Santos-Cruz J , Díaz-Valdés E , Contreras-Puente G , de Moure-Flores F 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
YBa2Cu3O7-x films were deposited onto flexible copper substrates by screen printing technique. YBa2Cu3O7-x films were prepared from a YBa2Cu3O7-x superconductor powder with ethylene glycol. The mixtures were screen printed and then sintered in air at different temperatures: 373, 473, and 573 K. The structural characterization showed the presence of different phases; the proportion of phases in films depends on sintering temperature. Scanning electron microscope images showed that an annealing temperature increase leads to an increase in grain size due to a coalescence process, which promotes the growth of superconductor phases with higher oxygen content.
Multi-layer Trajectory Clustering: a Network Algorithm for Disease Subtyping
Authors: Krishnagopal Sanjukta 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Many diseases display heterogeneity in clinical features and their progression, indicative of the existence of disease subtypes. Extracting patterns of disease variable progression for subtypes has tremendous application in medicine, for example, in early prognosis and personalized medical therapy. This work presents a novel, data-driven, network-based Trajectory Clustering (TC) algorithm for identifying Parkinson’s subtypes based on disease trajectory. Modeling patient-variable interactions as a bipartite network, TC first extracts communities of co-expressing disease variables at different stages of progression. Then, it identifies Parkinson’s subtypes by clustering similar patient trajectories that are characterized by severity of disease variables through a multi-layer network. Determination of trajectory similarity accounts for direct overlaps between trajectories as well as second-order similarities, i.e., common overlap with a third set of trajectories. This work clusters trajectories across two types of layers: (a) temporal, and (b) ranges of independent outcome variable (representative of disease severity), both of which yield four distinct subtypes. The former subtypes exhibit differences in progression of disease domains (Cognitive, Mental Health etc.), whereas the latter subtypes exhibit different degrees of progression, i.e., some remain mild, whereas others show significant deterioration after 5 years. The TC approach is validated through statistical analyses and consistency of the identified subtypes with medical literature. This generalizable and robust method can easily be extended to other progressive multi-variate disease datasets, and can effectively assist in targeted subtype-specific treatment in the field of personalized medicine.
Graphene modulated LiMn1.5Ni0.4Cr0.1O4 spinel cathode for lithium ion battery
Authors: Katiyar Rajesh K , Tripathi Balram , Palomino Javier , Tiwari Atul , Adireddy Shiva , Dixit Ambesh , Weiner Brad R , Morell Gerardo , Katiyar Ram S 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
We report the development of a rechargeable lithium ion battery with homogeneous mixing of 10% of graphene oxide in active LiMn1.5Ni0.4Cr0.1O4 cathode material for enhanced electrochemical performance. The redox behavior of the cell, which is normally too slow for practical applications, is accelerated with highly conductive graphene. Intimate mixing of the two materials is achieved by a slurry maker using an organic solution for a cathode paste. The fabricated electrode is repeatedly charged/discharge at C/10 and C/2 rates without any significant degradation in the electrochemical capacity. The gravimetric energy density of the composite cathode material exceeds that of the LiMn1.5Ni0.4Cr0.1O4 oxide electrode in lithium-ion batteries, and the addition of graphene in active material is likely to prove advantageous in applications where weight, rather than volume, is a critical factor.
Preclinical and clinical development of therapeutic antibodies targeting functions of CD47 in the tumor microenvironment
Authors: Kaur Sukhbir , Cicalese Kyle V , Banerjee Rajdeep , Roberts David D 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACTCD47 is a ubiquitously expressed cell surface glycoprotein that functions as a signaling receptor for thrombospondin-1 and as the counter-receptor for signal regulatory protein-α (SIRPα). Engaging SIRPα on macrophages inhibits phagocytosis, and CD47 thereby serves as a physiological marker of self. However, elevated CD47 expression on some cancer cells also protects tumors from innate immune surveillance and limits adaptive antitumor immunity via inhibitory SIRPα signaling in antigen-presenting cells. CD47 also mediates inhibitory thrombospondin-1 signaling in vascular cells, T cells, and NK cells, and blocking inhibitory CD47 signaling on cytotoxic T cells directly increases tumor cell killing. Therefore, CD47 functions as an innate and adaptive immune checkpoint. These findings have led to the development of antibodies and other therapeutic approaches to block CD47 functions in the tumor microenvironment. Preclinical studies in mice demonstrated that blocking CD47 can limit the growth of hematologic malignancies and solid tumors and enhance the efficacy of conventional chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and some targeted cancer therapies. Humanized CD47 antibodies are showing promise in early clinical trials, but side effects related to enhanced phagocytic clearance of circulating blood cells remain a concern. Approaches to circumvent these include antibody preloading strategies and development of antibodies that recognize tumor-specific epitopes of CD47, SIRPα antibodies, and bivalent antibodies that restrict CD47 blockade to specific tumor cells. Preclinical and clinical development of antibodies and related biologics that inhibit CD47/SIRPα signaling are reviewed, including strategies to combine these agents with various conventional and targeted therapeutics to improve patient outcome for various cancers.
Rethinking Role Realism
Authors: Glavaničová Daniela 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Role realism is a promising realist theory of fictional names. Different versions of this theory have been suggested by Gregory Currie, Peter Lamarque, Stein Haugom Olsen, and Nicholas Wolterstorff. The general idea behind the approach is that fictional characters are to be analysed in terms of roles, which in turn can be understood as sets of properties (or alternatively as kinds or functions from possible worlds to individuals). I will discuss several advantages and disadvantages of this approach. I will then propose a novel hyperintensional version of role realism (which I will call impossibilism), according to which fictional names are analysed in terms of individual concepts that cannot be matched by a reference (a full-blooded individual). I will argue that this account avoids the main disadvantages of standard role realism.
Specialist alcohol inpatient treatment admissions and non-specialist hospital admissions for alcohol withdrawal in England: an inverse relationship
Authors: Phillips Thomas , Huang Chao , Roberts Emmert , Drummond Colin 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT

Aims
We assessed the relationship between specialist and non-specialist admissions for alcohol withdrawal since the introduction of the UK government Health and Social Care Act in 2012.

Methods
Using publicly available national data sets from 2009 to 2019, we compared the number of alcohol withdrawal admissions and estimated costs in specialist and non-specialist treatment settings.

Results
A significant negative correlation providing strong evidence of an association was observed between the fall in specialist and rise in non-specialist admissions. Significant cost reductions within specialist services were displaced to non-specialist settings.

Conclusions
The shift in demand from specialist to non-specialist alcohol admissions due to policy changes in England should be reversed by specialist workforce investment to improve outcomes. In the meantime, non-specialist services and staff must be resourced and equipped to meet the complex needs of these service users.
Functional principles of baobab fruit pedicels – anatomy and biomechanics
Authors: Lautenschläger Thea , Rüggeberg Markus , Noack Niclas , Bunk Katharina , Mawunu Monizi , Speck Thomas , Neinhuis Christoph 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackground and AimsFruit pedicels have to deal with increasing loads after pollination due to continuous growth of the fruits. Thus, they represent interesting tissues from a mechanical as well as a developmental point of view. However, only a few studies exist on fruit pedicels. In this study, we unravel the anatomy and structural–mechanical relationships of the pedicel of Adansonia digitata, reaching up to 90 cm in length.MethodsMorphological and anatomical analyses included examination of stained cross-sections from various positions along the stalk as well as X-ray microtomography and scanning electron microscopy. For mechanical testing, fibre bundles derived from the mature pedicels were examined via tension tests. For establishing the structural–mechanical relationships, the density of the fibre bundles as well as their cellulose microfibril distribution and chemical composition were analysed.Key ResultsWhile in the peduncle the vascular tissue and the fibres are arranged in a concentric ring-like way, this organization shifts to the polystelic structure of separate fibre bundles in the pedicel. The polystelic pedicel possesses five vascular strands that consist of strong bast fibre bundles. The fibre bundles have a Young’s modulus of up to 5 GPa, a tensile strength of up to 400 MPa, a high density (&gt;1 g cm−3) and a high microfibril angle of around 20°.ConclusionsThe structural arrangement as well as the combination of high density and high microfibril angle of the bast fibre bundles are probably optimized for bearing considerable strain in torsion and bending while at the same time allowing for carrying high-tension loads.
The functional determinants in the organization of bacterial genomes
Authors: Liu Zhaoqian , Feng Jingtong , Yu Bin , Ma Qin , Liu Bingqiang 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBacterial genomes are now recognized as interacting intimately with cellular processes. Uncovering organizational mechanisms of bacterial genomes has been a primary focus of researchers to reveal the potential cellular activities. The advances in both experimental techniques and computational models provide a tremendous opportunity for understanding these mechanisms, and various studies have been proposed to explore the organization rules of bacterial genomes associated with functions recently. This review focuses mainly on the principles that shape the organization of bacterial genomes, both locally and globally. We first illustrate local structures as operons/transcription units for facilitating co-transcription and horizontal transfer of genes. We then clarify the constraints that globally shape bacterial genomes, such as metabolism, transcription and replication. Finally, we highlight challenges and opportunities to advance bacterial genomic studies and provide application perspectives of genome organization, including pathway hole assignment and genome assembly and understanding disease mechanisms.
NetSets.js: a JavaScript framework for compositional assessment and comparison of biological networks through Venn-integrated network diagrams
Authors: Nagpal Sunil , Kuntal Bhusan K , Mande Sharmila S 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Motivation
Venn diagrams are frequently used to compare composition of datasets (e.g. datasets containing list of proteins and genes). Network diagram constructed using such datasets are usually generated using ‘list of edges’, popularly known as edge-lists. An edge-list and the corresponding generated network are, however, composed of two elements, namely, edges (e.g. protein–protein interactions) and nodes (e.g. proteins). Researchers often use individual lists of edges and nodes to compare composition of biological networks using existing Venn diagram tools. However, specialized analysis workflows are required for comparison of nodes as well as edges. Apart from this, different tools or graph libraries are needed for visualizing any specific edges of interest (e.g. protein–protein interactions which are present across all networks or are shared between subset of networks or are exclusively present in a selected network). Further, these results are required to be exported in the form of publication worthy network diagram(s), particularly for small networks.

Results
We introduce a (server independent) JavaScript framework (called NetSets.js) that integrates popular Venn and network diagrams in a single application. A free to use intuitive web application (utilizing NetSets.js), specifically designed to perform both compositional comparisons (e.g. for identifying common/exclusive edges or nodes) and interactive user defined visualizations of network (for the identified common/exclusive interactions across multiple networks) using simple edge-lists is also presented. The tool also enables connection to Cytoscape desktop application using the Netsets-Cyapp. We demonstrate the utility of our tool using real world biological networks (microbiome, gene interaction, multiplex and protein–protein interaction networks).

Availabilityand implementation
http://web.rniapps.net/netsets (freely available for academic use).

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
minMLST: machine learning for optimization of bacterial strain typing
Authors: Cohen Shani , Rokach Lior , Motro Yair , Moran-Gilad Jacob , Veksler-Lublinsky Isana 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Motivation
High-resolution microbial strain typing is essential for various clinical purposes, including disease outbreak investigation, tracking of microbial transmission events and epidemiological surveillance of bacterial infections. The widely used approach for multilocus sequence typing (MLST) that is based on the core genome, cgMLST, has the advantage of a high level of typeability and maximal discriminatory power. Yet, the transition from a seven loci-based scheme to cgMLST involves several challenges, that include the need by some users to maintain backward compatibility, growing difficulties in the day-to-day communication within the microbiology community with respect to nomenclature and ontology, issues with typeability, especially if a more stringent approach to loci presence is used, and computational requirements concerning laboratory data management and sharing with end-users. Hence, methods for optimizing cgMLST schemes through careful reduction of the number of loci are expected to be beneficial for practical needs in different settings.

Results
We present a new machine learning-based methodology, minMLST, for minimizing the number of genes in cgMLST schemes by identifying subsets of informative genes and analyzing the trade-off between gene reduction and typing performance. The results achieved with minMLST over eight bacterial species show that despite the reduction in the number of genes up to a factor of 10, the typing performance remains very high and significant with an Adjusted Rand Index that ranges between 0.4 and 0.93 in different species and a P-value &lt; 10-3. The identification of such optimized MLST schemes for bacterial strain typing is expected to improve the implementation of cgMLST by improving interlaboratory agreement and communication.

Availability and implementation
The python package minMLST is available at https://PyPi.org/project/minmlst/PyPI and supported on Linux and Windows.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Pachymic acid protects oocyte by improving the ovarian microenvironment in polycystic ovary syndrome mice†
Authors: Fu Xian-Pei , Xu Lin , Fu Bin-Bin , Wei Kang-Na , Liu Yu , Liao Bao-Qiong , He Shu-Wen , Wang Ya-Long , Chen Ming-Huang , Lin Yan-Hong , Li Fei-Ping , Hong Zi-Wei , Huang Xiao-Hua , Xu Chang-Long , Wang Hai-Long 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are characterized by endocrine disorders accompanied by a decline in oocyte quality. In this study, we generated a PCOS mice model by hypodermic injection of dehydroepiandrosterone, and metformin was used as a positive control drug to study the effect of pachymic acid (PA) on endocrine and oocyte quality in PCOS mice. Compared with the model group, the mice treated with PA showed the following changes (slower weight gain, improved abnormal metabolism; increased development potential of GV oocytes, reduced number of abnormal MII oocytes, and damaged embryos; lower expression of ovarian-related genes in ovarian tissue and pro-inflammatory cytokines in adipose tissue). All these aspects show similar effects on metformin. Most notably, PA is superior to metformin in improving inflammation of adipose tissue and mitochondrial abnormalities. It is suggested that PA has the similar effect with metformin, which can improve the endocrine environment and oocyte quality of PCOS mice. These findings suggest that PA has the similar effect with metformin, which can improve the endocrine environment and oocyte quality of PCOS mice.
Perpetration of Violence by Female Sex Workers in Papua New Guinea: ‘We will Crush their Bones’
Authors: Kelly-Hanku Angela , Worth H , Redman-MacLaren M , Nosi S , Boli-Neo R , Ase S , Hou P , Aeno H , Kupul M , Amos A , Badman S G , Vallely A J , Hakim A J ,   Kauntim mi tu Study Team
Published: August 2020

Abstract
There is a small but important body of literature on female sex workers’ (FSWs) violence towards others, but little of that focused on low- and middle-income countries. Drawn from a larger biobehavioural study of FSWs in three cities in Papua New Guinea, we analyse the interviews from 19 FSWs who reported having perpetrated physical violence towards four major groups: (1) ex-husbands; (2) clients; (3) other sex workers and (4) other people (mainly women). Our study demonstrates that FSWs’ use of violence arises from a complex set of social, material and gendered circumstances and cannot be addressed in isolation from other aspects of their lives.
The Art of Community Social Work in the Ultra-Orthodox Community
Authors: Itzhaki-Braun Yael 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe matter of the role of the social worker within religious communities has occupied researchers and professionals during the last several years. One of the religious communities discussed in the literature is the ultra-Orthodox Jewish community, as a result of its insular nature, the distance it keeps from society at large and the growing need for professional treatment within this sector. To date, the literature regarding religious communities has focused mainly on individual and group interventions. The current article, however, focuses on the unique task of community social workers in the ultra-Orthodox community and the challenges of conducting macro-level interventions. Focusing on core issues of community social work, the current study aims to shed light on community development (including building trusting and cooperative relationship, empowerment and leadership) and promoting social change. The article focuses on challenges and opportunities in community social work in a closed religious community and provides principles for each of the above points of intervention. Finally, with reference to community social work’s goals, the article conceptualises the main goal of the community social worker in these kinds of communities.
Mechanism of Intermittent Theta-Burst Stimulation in Synaptic Pathology in the Prefrontal Cortex in an Antidepressant-Resistant Depression Rat Model
Authors: Lee Chi-Wei , Wu Han-Fang , Chu Ming-Chia , Chung Yueh-Jung , Mao Wei-Chang , Li Cheng-Ta , Lin Hui-Ching 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS), a form of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, is considered a potential therapy for treatment-resistant depression. The synaptic mechanism of iTBS has long been known to be an effective method to induce long-term potentiation (LTP)-like plasticity in humans. However, there is limited evidence as to whether the antidepressant effect of iTBS is associated with change in synaptic function in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) in preclinical study. Hence, we applied an antidepressant (i.e., fluoxetine)-resistant depression rat model induced by severe foot-shocks to investigate the antidepressant efficacy of iTBS in the synaptic pathology. The results showed that iTBS treatment improved not only the impaired LTP, but also the aberrant long-term depression in the PFC of antidepressant-resistant depression model rats. Moreover, the mechanism of LTP improvement by iTBS involved downstream molecules of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, while the mechanism of long-term depression improvement by iTBS involved downstream molecules of proBDNF. The aberrant spine morphology was also improved by iTBS treatment. This study demonstrated that the mechanism of the iTBS paradigm is complex and may regulate not only excitatory but also inhibitory synaptic effects in the PFC.