bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determining influence of natural and man-made factors on safe performance of trunk pipelines
Authors: Abramyan S G 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The paper discusses the relevance of ensuring environmentally safe pipeline operation by identifying natural and industrial hazards and the potential impact. An operating trunk pipeline running west to east across a specific territory (constituent entity) was given as an example to show areas likely exposed to the most dangerous destructions. These are natural and man-made pipeline crossovers and intersections designated by the authors as ecologically fragile areas (EFAs). For a natural/industrial impact identification methodology, relevant hazards were identified and classified by the exposure degree for each gas pipeline EFA. Given geodynamic changes, the data collected were to be updated after each change. The article outlines the new methodology also suitable for territorial cartographic zoning subject to hazard factors. An area to be affected by degradation processes of an accident is determined by using the radii of thermal impact and scatter of pipe fragments. Such data help compute flora and fauna damage and, for the best scenario, damage prevented. The key points of this survey may be used to developing computer programs to compute an aggregate hazardous impact on an operating pipeline and simulate emergency scenarios. The practical utility consists in assuring proper EFAs monitoring for timely prevention of accidents.
Evaluation of results of changes in bacterial strains in ecosystem of lake Baikal
Authors: Verkhozina V A , Verkhozina E V , Verkhoturov V V 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In the paper, we evaluated the results of changes in the microbial community using molecular research methods. The authors analyzed strains of microorganisms isolated from different parts of the ecosystem of Lake Baikal: pelagial, littoral and benthic sediments. While analyzing we identified the presence of restriction endonuclease (RE) enzymes. It was established that RE were detected in bacteria isolated from samples taken in places of anthropogenic influence (Listvyanka, Baikalsk). As a result, 28 types of different RE were identified. When reviewing the results obtained, it was established that the formation of these enzymes in bacteria is associated neither with the season of the year nor with the year of sampling. The condition for the synthesis of RE enzymes in microorganism strains is the appearance of allochthonous microflora in the lake ecosystem. These are the littoral parts of the lake, where anthropogenic influence is observed. As a result, it was established that the biosynthesis of RE enzymes occurred in bacterial strains under the influence of human activity. It is especially significant that anthropogenic changes can be identified in the early stages of impact on the ecosystem of Lake Baikal.
Environmental and economic damage during the operation of sludge collectors
Authors: Sibgatulina D Sh , Khabibullina A R , Muraveva E V 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This article deals with the negative impact of slag dumps and sludge collectors on the environment. The development of measures to prevent, reduce (limit), compensate and eliminate potential and actual damage caused by sludge collectors of the surrounding natural environment is a highly important issue. It was also revealed that the current legislation of the Russian Federation does not account for the amount of economic damage caused to the recipient objects by environmental pollution and as a separate component of damage to atmospheric air and soils. Therefore, it is suggested to make additional changes to the order of Rostekhnadzor No. 120 “On approval of the methodology for determining the amount of harm that may be caused to life and health of individuals, property of individuals and legal entities as a result of an accident of a hydraulic structure (except for shipping and port hydraulic structures)”.
Reduction of technology risk at NPP during radioactive waste management
Authors: Pavlenko V I , Yastrebinsky R N , Karnauhov A A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The authors developed a technology for disposing of liquid radioactive waste, which ensures the reduction of their exposure dose rate (MED) by concentrating radionuclides from liquid radioactive waste (LRW) inside the iron oxide matrix of radiation protective sorbents (ion exchangers). Due to the high density, iron oxide ion exchangers provide an effective radiation protective shield against photon radiation with an energy of up to 1.5 MeV. This will reduce the radiation background of “spent” sorbents. The possibility of obtaining a hydrolytically stable system of bonds with the surface of iron oxide minerals when they are modified with organic and inorganic modifiers is theoretically substantiated and experimentally confirmed. It was established that the hydroxyl groups of the surface of oxides are the main type of reaction centers along which their surface is modified. Modified iron oxide ion exchangers have high chemical and radiation resistance, thermal stability, mechanical strength and mass transfer rate. The conditioning technology of spent ion exchangers into cement matrices allows creating an engineering barrier providing effective radiation protection and safe isolation of radionuclides.
Is it safe to transport dangerous goods by road? (Environmental safety associated with dangerous goods transportation by road)
Authors: Kuzmin A V , Freze T Yu 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The article introduces a point of view on the following matter: the likelihood of occurrence of a road traffic accident, when a vehicle carrying dangerous goods is involved, is the same as the likelihood of a local environmental disaster. The problems and gaps in the system of the state monitoring and control over this type of environmentally degrading activity are indicated. By incident or accident is meant here any event due to accidental circumstances which might place users of the tunnel in danger: incidents having a serious effect on the tunnel’s technical systems, road traffic accidents, fire, release of dangerous substances, etc.
How local environmental restrictions affect environmental situation in urban system
Authors: Makarenko V , Pozdnyakova T , Revutskaya I 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The paper discusses the history of planning the city of Birobidzhan. Each consecutive Urban Master Plan continued its predecessor; however, none of the plans contained interesting architectural and compositional solutions. The environmental conditions (which are not to be ignored in urban planning) result in unfavorable geotechnical and environmental impacts. The left-bank part of the city is located in the floodplain and straddles an embankment prone to waterlogging. Embankment height varies from 1 to 5 meters. Embankment is prone to erosion. The right-bank part of the city lies on a slope; the environmental conditions here are better. Birobidzhan has an explicitly monsoon climate; the street layout prevents self-purification of the atmosphere. Environmental constraints are defined for the City of Birobidzhan; an environmental framework is proposed.
Assessment of personal and behavioral qualities of workers in system of interactive incident forecasting and occupational safety management
Authors: Klimova E V , Semeykin A Yu , Nosatova E A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Interactive prediction of incidents is a modern direction of labor protection, that allows managing the occupational safety level. The paper shows that the so-called “human factor”, including the psychological unpreparedness of workers to perform work (both work managers and direct implementers), is the main cause of industrial injuries, in addition to technical and organizational causes. In this regard, the urgent issue is the need to take into account and analyse the psychological state of the worker for predicting incidents. The article discusses the psychological aspects of occupational safety on the example of workers performing work at height that relate to work of high danger. However, the “height factor” is common in various areas of production, which necessitates a scientific analysis of its impact on the psychological state of the worker and on the level of occupational safety. The paper provides information on the system of interactive prediction of incidents, one of the elements of which is the module of testing the psychological state of the employees for identifying workers who are least suitable for this type of work.
Concept of integrated monitoring of territorial technosphere state
Authors: Bezborodova O 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
To ensure the safe operation of a local technosphere, a concept of comprehensive monitoring aimed at predicting, identification, analysis, and assessment of anthropogenic threats to society is needed. This paper puts forth a concept of comprehensive monitoring of a local technosphere based on a quantitative assessment of a multivariate object, including the problem, tasks, methods, and algorithms that ensure its implementation. The author substantiates the necessity to develop this concept given the importance of anthropogenic threats to society. An algorithm for comprehensive monitoring of a local technosphere has been developed. Within the framework of this concept, a method of compression of information linked to the state of a multivariate object was justified and proposed. Introduction of an overall index of multivariate information compression was justified, and method of its assessment was proposed. An approach to assessing the state of objects of a local technosphere using a combination of parameters, taking into account the weighting factors, has been proposed.
Impact of traffic flows on environmental situation in resort cities
Authors: Sydyakin P A , Belaya E N , Shchitov D V 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The article discusses the anthropogenic impact of the road network on the formation and functioning of the urban environmental situation. The impact on the territory of preschool educational institutions No. 23 “Svetlyachok”, No. 6 “Yagodka” of Pyatigorsk has been considered in private. Data on the intensity of the movement of vehicles in different time periods, the composition of the auto flow, seasonal distribution of traffic flows are analyzed. General recommendations for ensuring the environmental safety of resort towns and promising questions for further research are presented. When analyzing the areas of promising growth and areas of reconstruction of urban development, allotted for housing construction, it is necessary to pay special attention to the construction of socially significant facilities: schools and kindergartens, the shortage of which exists in the town today.
Analysis of equipment life cycle at oil refinery
Authors: Kozhemyatov K Y , Bulauka Y A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The results of the analysis of the service life of equipment operating under excess pressure at the Belarusian oil refinery are presented, directions for improving industrial safety when working with this type of equipment are proposed in this study. It was established that fittings with conditional passage up to DN100, the base metal and metal of the welds of the equipment body are the most wearing parts during the service life. Frequent replacement of fittings with a small conditional passage is connected with a small margin between the executive and rejection thicknesses of fittings’ nozzles. The average service life of equipment operating under excessive pressure at the studied enterprise was established.
Transboundary air pollution and its effects on vegetation
Authors: Ryabuhina M V , Maiski R A , Kalyakina R G 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Currently, transboundary air pollution is one of the main factors of the negative impact of human activities on the environment. Protection of the atmosphere includes a set of technical and administrative measures directly or indirectly aimed at stopping or reducing the increasing pollution of the atmosphere, which is a consequence of industrial development. The effect of smoke and gas emissions is observed over large areas and manifests itself in various ways. The best indicator reflecting this effect is vegetation, which serves as a sensitive reagent for changing environmental conditions. The regulation of the influence of industrial facilities belonging to one administrative-territorial unit on the state of the environment of other regions is one of the most important aspects of environmental protection at the federal level and international cooperation in the field of ecology and environmental protection.
Influence of different forms of iron on the morphobiological indicators of Pinus sylvestris
Authors: Kalyakina R G , Maiski R A , Ryabukhina M V 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The wide distribution of iron in the environment of various forms of iron makes it relevant to study the characteristics of their influence on plant growth. In the present paper, the growth features of Pinus sylvestris – Scots pine were studied - during the cultivation of stratified seeds in a medium containing different forms of iron. It was established that the cultivation of pine seeds in a medium containing 0.1 M of iron in any form, inhibits the development of the root system. When cultivated in the environment containing iron nanoparticles at a concentration of 6.25 mmol / l, this led to a decrease in the root length to 3.71 ± 0.06 mm. On the contrary, the presence of iron nanoparticles in the medium for the cultivation of pine caused an increase in the length of the main and adventitious roots, as well as the number of adventitious roots. The content of iron microparticles in the medium for the cultivation of pine caused only a decrease in the length of the main root and adventitious roots. At the same time, at concentrations from 0.39 to 25 mmol / l, an increase in the number of adventitious roots occurred, which indicates compensatory reactions.
Use of overburden and enclosing formations generated in the course of exploitation of mineral deposits
Authors: Konovalov V E , Pochechun V A , Semyachkov A I 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This paper discusses one of today’s pressing challenges – conversion of mining and processing works waste into commercial products. The authors analyze the existing state of this issue in Sverdlovsk Oblast. The waste types are classified according to their sources and accumulation scopes. The waste is analysed for heavy metal content. It is established that mining and processing works waste are “man-made mineral depos-its”. The paper introduces an approach to conversion of industrial waste into secondary material resources. The purpose of this paper is to solve a set of tasks characterized by catastrophic environmental damage due to pollution, mainly by mining and metal industries. Environmental risk is minimized, an interface with metal recycling is established, and the RF mineral resources base is expanded.
The new paradigm of an environmentally-driven resource-saving technologies for processing of mining
Authors: Shadrunova I V , Gorlova O E , Zhilina V A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The paper presents the results of theoretical and experimental studies into the development of scientific and methodological bases of environmentally-driven resource-saving technologies for mining waste processing. It is shown that the logic of reconstructing the natural cycles of natural resource equilibrium requires the inclusion of large-tonnage wastes in the status of their technogenic mineral resources in highly efficient, resource-efficient processing, which determines the need to develop innovative technologies for processing wastes very diverse in composition and properties within the framework of the principle of a systematic approach. The methodological basis of theoretical development of new environmentally oriented technologies for waste processing defines the method of scientific knowledge as an ascent from the abstract to the concrete and the construction of technologies according to the developed general algorithm. In accordance with the general methodological approach being developed, technologies have been developed for processing certain types of mining waste - off-balance copper ores from the dump, stale tailings of gold ore from the tailings; iron-zinc-containing blast furnace sludges of metallurgical production by combining several enrichment or concentration and hydrometallurgical methods. The developed resource-saving, environmentally friendly technologies provide the opportunity to involve previously unused resources of technogenic origin into efficient operation with obtaining conditioned metal-containing products and reduce environmental stress in regions with a developed mining and metallurgical industry.
Qualitative composition and local pretreatment of dairy wastewaters
Authors: Vialkova E I , Sidorenko O V , Glushchenko E S 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
On the territory of the Tyumen region there are a number of enterprises that discharge wastewater without pretreatment into water bodies and disturb their ecological condition. For example, one of the dairy industry plants produces 500 m3/day of industrial wastewater, which cannot be discharged even into the domestic sewage system due to its pollution density and aggressiveness. Thus, it is necessary to study wastewater quality and the mode of its inflow for local waste treatment plants’ designing. This article presents the results of the wastewater composition study on such indicators as pH, biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, suspended solids, fats, nitrogen, phosphate and other types of pollution. According to the obtained data, the conclusions were drawn about the wastewater composition inconstancy, associated with peculiarities of dairy production technology. In addition, the drains are characterized by a high variation of pH medium, which decreases sharply when the whey or acid solutions are discharged into the sewage production system after equipment washing. Based on these results, a scheme for organization of a dairy plant water disposal system is proposed, including local pretreatment of wastewater before its dumping into domestic sewage network.
Removal of organic micropollutants from water by sonophotolytic-activated persulfate process
Authors: Popova S A , Matafonova G G , Batoev V B 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The present study focuses on the improvement of the efficiency of water treatment by coupling irradiation with ultraviolet (UV) light-emitting diodes and high-frequency ultrasound (US) for activation of persulfate (PS). Organic micropollutants (atrazine, bisphenol A and carbamazepine) were sequentially treated in aqueous solution at non-adjusted pH and initial concentration of 20 μM in a batch sonophotoreactor. The hybrid oxidation system (UV/US/PS) showed the highest efficiency (≥90%) for removing bisphenol A and carbamazepine within 40 min of treatment, whereas atrazine was degraded with comparable rates under UV/PS and UV/US/PS processes. In terms of removal efficiency, the applied systems for bisphenol A and carbamazepine can be arranged as follows: UV/US/PS > UV/PS > US/PS > UV/US ≈ UV ≈ US. Overall, the hybrid sonophotolytic method using high-frequency US appears to be a promising technique to activate PS for eliminating organic micropollutants from aqueous media.
Heterogeneous catalytic system “Fe -aluminosilicate / hydrogen peroxide” for liquid-phase oxidation of phenol
Authors: Khankhasaeva S Ts 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The kinetic regularities of phenol oxidation with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of a Fe -aluminosilicate catalyst ( Fe ASK) obtained by introducing a mixed Fe/Al (1/12) polyhydroxocomplex into montmorillonite were studied. It was established that the rate of phenol oxidation depends on the reaction conditions (pH, hydrogen peroxide concentration, phenol concentration, catalyst content and temperature). The maximum reaction rate leading to 100% phenol conversion is observed at a pH of 3.7. The stability of the catalyst to leaching iron ions increases with increasing pH. The oxidation rate of phenol increases with increasing initial concentrations of hydrogen peroxide and phenol and with increasing catalyst content. The reaction orders for the reagents and the effective activation energy are determined. The kinetic equation of the reaction is obtained. The optimal conditions for the phenol oxidation in the heterogeneous catalytic system “Fe -aluminosilicate / hydrogen peroxide”, under which 100% phenol conversion is achieved, the catalyst is stable and water pollution by iron ions is excluded, are determined. Due to its high efficiency, this system is of interest for use in the processes of wastewater purification from phenols.
Use of municipal vegetative waste as raw material for sorbent production
Authors: Sapronova Zh , Sverguzova S , Svyatchenko A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The most important direction of waste management is to reduce the resulting environmental impact. One of the promising ways of waste recycling is their use as a raw material for the production of sorbents.
The paper presents the results of studies on the possibility of using ChL250, i.e. modified municipal vegetative waste for cleaning the storm runoff of service stations from petroleum products and associated pollutants. It was found that the sorption capacity of the material for petroleum products is 194 mg/g. The trials carried out on real sewage confirmed the viability of this sorbent for use in water treatment.
Study of ion exchange at test solutions purification from nickel (II) ions with gabbro-diabase from abzakovo deposit
Authors: Sverguzova S , Shaykhiev I , Valiev R 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The paper presents the results of the study of ion exchange processes during the purification of model solutions from nickel ions with gabbro-diabase from the Abzakovo field. The features of the minerals structure that make up gabbro-diabase predetermine their sorption and cation-exchange properties. During the studies, the course of sorption processes was established, as well as the presence of a suspension effect in the system. By determining the concentration of exchangeable cations (Ca2+, Mg2+, Al3+) in the crystal lattices of gabbro diabase and Ni2 + cations contained in the model solution, the phenomenon of cation exchange purification has been proved. The treatment of gabbro diabase powder with electromagnetic radiation increases the mobility of exchange cations and water treatment efficiency.
Perspectives for use of technological waste to obtain carbon-mineral sorbents
Authors: Badmaeva S V 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Carbon-mineral materials were obtained by mixing of clay mineral (montmorillonite) with aqueous solutions of cationic dye “methylene blue” and anionic dye “direct clean-blue” (a component of wastewater of dyeing enterprises) and subsequent drying and carbonization in an atmosphere of water vapor. It is shown that the specific surface area of the synthesized carbon materials depends on the nature of the modifying organic compound, its content in the sample and the influence of ultrasound. It is found that the preliminary activation of the initial clay increases the surface area, but does not have a significant effect on the adsorption of phenol, compared with materials obtained without activation. Hydrophobic surface properties of materials are confirmed by the results of studies on the adsorption of phenol from aqueous solutions. Adsorption capacity of obtained carbon-mineral materials with respect to phenol is 4-8.5 mg · g
−1, which is 15-30 times higher than that of the original clay. Synthesized sorbents are comparable to the adsorption capacity with respect to phenol with carbon material obtained by direct pyrolysis.