bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling of the innovative activity for the enterprises in investment based construction industry
Authors: Zagidullina Gulsina , Ivanova Rufina , Sirazetdinov Rustem , Badykova Idelia , Biktemi-rova Ella 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The aim of the study is the modeling of innovation in the investment-construction industry in the context of a change in technological paradigms. Here are the suggested models of innovative development of groups of countries, which are classified by indicators of innovation progress: innovation leaders, innovative followers, moderate innovators and catching up countries. The studies have been carried out using the least squares method. The paper provides a quantitative as-sessment of the level of meaningful economic development of the investment-construction complex. Only by identifying the relationship between the volume of commissioning and the used production inputs one can identify the nature of eco-nomic development. Models of innovative development of construction produc-tion based on increasing the level of total resource productivity have been devel-oped. A model for investment demand prognosis has been developed and tested. The model allows to determine the need for investments in the framework of me-dium-term and long-term prognosis.
Measures have been developed to increase the level of innovative activity of en-terprises in the investment-construction complex.
The concrete modified by conductive mineral for electrode heating
Authors: Mukhametrakhimov Rustem , Galautdinov Albert , Garafiev Ainur 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
There are a lot of different methods of cold weather concreting. One of the weakly efficient methods of artificial concrete heating is electrode heating. The effectiveness of electrode concrete heating can be improved by means of conductive mineral addition to concrete mix that helps to support optimized resistivity of structure, reduce power costs and the period of development of strength in concrete. It is found that contraction of concrete mix modified by floured shungite in the quantity of 1% by mass of cement (5.18 ml) is lower than contraction of the initial unmodified concrete mix (8.15 ml) which shows its hydration processes slowing and demonstrates noneffect of shungite on concrete strength increase during electrode concrete heating. Concrete mix modifying by floured shungite helps to increase concrete temperature compared to initial mix by the value up to 8°C during the period of 0-20 hours of electrode heating, which leads to the structure’s strength development rate increase. Electric resistance decrease of the modified concrete mix that is observable during this process shows us improvement of the effectiveness of electrode concrete heating with shungite.
Ways to improve the quality of monolithic reinforced concrete structures
Authors: Khuzin Airat , Sharavina Alena 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In the construction sector, according to official statistics, the quality of construction products in recent years has tended to deteriorate. The number of defects affecting the structural safety of constructed buildings and structures has increased, and there is a tendency to increase the specific gravity of violations at the facilities.
The cause of most defects in monolithic structures is poor-quality formwork. The application of a systematic approach to improving the quality of formwork structures is an essential element of the quality control system of monolithic structures.
This paper presents data on the main structural elements, as well as gives a classification of the main defects that occur when formwork is performed, the causes of their occurrence are identified, and ways to eliminate them are proposed.
Development of the composition of the self-compacting concrete with high performance
Authors: Bogdanov Ruslan , Mavlyuberdinov Azat 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The aim of the study was to determine the optimal fractional composition of aggregates for self-compacting concrete, provided that the maximum bulk density and particle packing density were achieved.
The main results of the study are to determine the fractional composition of aggregates for self-compacting concrete, designed for structures with high performance properties. To solve the formulated problem, mathematical methods of planning an active experiment were used, namely, a simplex-lattice plan. It was found that the mixture has the maximum bulk density, consisting of: coarse aggregate (crushed stone) fraction 5-10 mm -48%; enriched fine aggregate (coarse sand) of a fraction of 0.16-5 mm -16%; fine aggregate (fine sand) fractions of 0.16-0.63 mm -36%. In this case, the maximum bulk density and packing density of the particles of the aggregate mixture were 1840 kg/m3 and 0.82, respectively.
The significance of the results of the work for the construction industry lies in establishing the optimal ratio of the mixture of aggregates, which allows obtaining self-compacting concrete with high physical and technical properties.
Application of unmanned aerial vehicles for solving engineering tasks
Authors: Bezmenov Vladimir , Safin Kamil , Stepanov Sergei 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The article discusses the use of unmanned aerial vehicles in solving engineering tasks. Information about the current state of the market of unmanned aerial vehicles and services with their use is provided. The most frequently used unmanned aerial vehicles and their characteristics are considered. Modern methods of obtaining and principles of processing images obtained from unmanned aerial vehicles and trends towards further development of the aerial photography process are described. The results are presented: modeling the influence of angular elements of external orientation on the accuracy of the obtained spatial coordinates of terrain points; studies of determining the volume of soil and creating a three-dimensional model of an engineering object (building) based on aerial photography obtained from an unmanned aerial vehicle multicopter. The accuracy of determining the volume of soil was controlled using a digital terrain model obtained using a total station. Control of the accuracy of building a three-dimensional model of an engineering object was performed by comparing the distances between the points of the object obtained from the three-dimensional model and the total station measurements. As follows from the results of the article, an unmanned aerial vehicle can be an effective tool for solving some engineering problems. The results obtained are comparable to the accuracy of classical methods, provided that the correct choice of the type of unmanned aerial vehicle and the correct approach to processing obtained images.
Information modeling of the construction process (the case study of the construction of a civil building pit)
Authors: Kabanov Vadim 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The paper studies approaches to information modeling of construction processes. The technology of earthworks production is fully mechanized. This feature simplifies construction information modeling procedures. As an example, the construction of a civil building pit is considered. The purpose of the work: to develop a sequence of formation and selection of technological solutions with a minimum cost. Combinatorics and numerical methods were applied. The quantitative values of the source data (productivity and cost) are set by the standards of the Russian Federation. The cost and duration of work were used as the selection criteria. The values of the source data and criteria are given in relative units (relative to the minimum value in the array of source and calculated data). As a result of the research, we obtained sets of machines (excavator and dump trucks) with a minimum cost. A graphic image of the duration and cost for each technological solution of earthworks production, which can be formed using the Russian estimation standards, is obtained.
Design and calculation of the internal roof drain system structure in terms of thermal protection and moisture condensation
Authors: Petrov Artem , Ivantsov Aleksey 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
A field survey of roof structures of several administrative buildings in the temperate climatic zone showed the presence of condensate in the zone of the internal drain. The fact of overmoistening of the roof structure raises doubts about the operability of the roof aerators installed on these coatings, designed to remove condensate from the roof layers. The inefficiency of using roof aerators can be explained by the process of condensed moisture freezing in the structure during the cold season thus cannot be removed by aeration. Two types of structures of the internal roof drain system used in construction from the point of view of condensate formation are revealed. The difference between the types is the degree of water vapor permeability of the junction layer between the pipe and the coating plate. An impermeable solution can be made by mounting a steel flange at the junction of the pipe and the coating plate. The vapor-permeable solution is made in the form of a simple sealing of the gap with polyurethane foam or other permeable materials. A calculated analysis of the temperature fields and the humidity conditions of the two types of internal roof drain structures showed that the use of polyurethane foam or its analogs in the gap is not enough to protect the roof structure from condensation. This solution leads to condensation inside the structure at positive outside temperatures (less than 2 °C). The design with steel flange at the junction of the pipe and the coating plate is free from these drawbacks and can be used at lower outdoor temperatures.
The influence of architectural and construction parameters of residential buildings on energy efficiency in Russian Federation
Authors: Ivantsov Aleksey , Petrov Artem 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The article discusses the dependence of the energy saving class of a residential multi-apartment building on various architectural and construction parameters. The study was conducted on the example of a building model for 36 cities of the Russian Federation in various climatic conditions. The calculation of the energy saving class was carried out according to the method of Building Code 50.13330.2012 «Thermal insulation of buildings». The analysis of this technique in relation to the architectural and construction components of the building is given. It is shown that the traditional approach to the design of residential buildings without the use of additional energy saving measures allows to achieve an energy saving class at level «B» (above -30 % of the base value) regardless of the height of the building. A significant change in the energy saving of the building with a different glazing-to-wall ratio is shown. It is proved that the additional insulation of the building envelope does not lead to an effective increase in energy saving. The calculation showed that heat recovery using a mechanical ventilation system is an important factor in increasing the energy efficiency of residential buildings.
Heat exchangers with spring-twisted heat-exchange elements made of wire with sections of various geometries
Authors: Gorskaya Tatyana , Zolotonosov Yakov , Martynov Peter , Khabibullina Albina , Krutova Iraida 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The use of heat exchangers in the industry is quite large, it makes up a large share of all heat consumption in Russia, and therefore it is important to have equipment that meets modern requirements. In this regard, there are issues of improving and modernizing obsolete and developing new equipment. The authors proposed a heat exchanger based on effective thermal elements, the working surface of which is made by tightly winding wire having a cross-section in the form of an ovoid on a circular cylinder. In the places where the coils of wire adjoin each other, they are rigidly coupled by means of microplasma or laser welding, which eliminates the phenomenon of work hardening taking place in knurled pipes. To justify the effectiveness of the proposed apparatus, a computer model of the heat transfer process was applied and a physical experiment of the installation was carried out, showing the adequacy of the computer model. Numerical results of heat and hydrodynamic characteristics showed the consistency of the application of the proposed heat exchange equipment, based on spring-twisted elements, in industry, in the field of housing and communal services, as well as in related industries. Research in this direction contributes to the creation of small-sized heat-exchange equipment of large unit capacity.
The use of porous metals in heat exchangers
Authors: Stepanov Oleg , Rydalina Natalia , Antonova Elena 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Heat exchangers are widely used in heat supply systems. To increase the efficiency of heat supply systems, heat exchangers with porous metals are proposed to design. There was a test facility set up to study new types of heat exchangers. The countercurrent flow of heat carriers was activated in those heat exchangers. Freon moved through the heat exchanger pores, and water moved through the inner tubes. It should be noted that the porous materials in the heat exchangers differed in the coefficient of porosity. To be compared, one of the heat exchangers did not contain any porous material. The first test cycle proved the feasibility of using porous metals in heat exchange equipment. Afterwards, a simplified mathematical model of the heat exchanger was compiled. Such an analytical form makes a solution convenient for engineering calculations. Numerical calculations based on this model were compared with the experimental data. Heat transfer intensity of materials with different porosity was compared. This method can be applied in case when the heat exchange surface area is unknown. Moreover, it takes into account the heat capacity and heat of the phase transition of freon, if any.
Wastewater treatment plant for the preparation of industrial water for waterflooding of oil reservoirs using pressure hydrocyclones
Authors: Sheshegova Irina , Busarev Andrey 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
To increase the oil recovery of productive oil-bearing reservoirs, the method of increasing reservoir pressure is used. It consists of pumping process water into the oil-bearing horizons. To increase the long-term intake capacity of injection wells, this water is purified from the suspended substances.
This article presents treatment facilities for the preparation of industrial water, including the use of pressure hydrocyclones and various hydrocyclone installations for its treatment. The paper presents the results of the research on water purification from suspension in pressure cylinders of Kazan State University of Architecture and Engineering. The settling time for water purification from suspended substances, which was pre-treated in pressure hydrocyclones, was determined.
The results obtained allow us to design treatment facilities with devices of the «block hydrocyclone-sump» type, in which the reagent-free preparation of technical water used for flooding productive horizons is carried out.
Studies of water purification processes from suspension in hydrocyclone installations are of high scientific and practical significance for the oil fields of Russia.
Harbingers of dioxins in thermal decomposition of high-energy fuel
Authors: Barysheva Olga , Sadykov Renat 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Combustion of high-energy chemical fuels containing dioxins in their elemental composition can lead to the formation of super eco toxicants on smoke particles-polychlorinated dioxins and furans. The choice of the method of solving the equations of chemical kinetics is basic in numerical experiment. Calculation and theoretical studies were carried out to solve the problem of determining the parameters of combustion products of chemical fuels taking into account the formation of traces of polychlorinated dioxins. Basic information on the adopted method of determining non-equilibrium composition of combustion products of chlorine-containing chemical fuels is presented. Based on the literary analysis on the mechanisms and rates of chemical reactions of conversion of chlorine-containing compounds, a kinetic model of formation of traces of dioxins was built. Numerical calculations on the assumption of chemical equilibrium have shown that the dioxins formation process is substantially non-equilibrium. The results of kinetic studies on the emission of dioxins precursors showed the nature of the change in time of various components of combustion products of chemical fuels depending on temperature.
The study of gas flow in the industrial smoke pipe
Authors: Volodin Yurii , Marfina Olga , Tsvetkovich Michael 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
To describe the flow of flue gases in the working space of the exhaust shaft of an industrial chimney, a three-dimensional mathematical model based on the Favre-averaged complete Navier-Stokes equations closed by k-ε – a turbulence model using improved wall functions is proposed. Thus, it is possible to draw up a detailed physical picture of the process under study, to establish the presence of a significant part of the internal volume of the barrel of intensive secondary flows, vortex zones, which have a significant effect on the kinematic structure of the entire flow, on the nature of the velocity distribution in its various cross sections, as well as on friction, heat transfer and mass transfer in the parietal regions. The calculations showed that a swirling gas flow, which reduces the corrosion resistance of its walls appears in the root of the chimney. This undesirable phenomenon noticeably weakens in case of installation of special ramps or partitions at the inlet of the outlet trunk.
Simulation of separated flow past an inclined and normal plates by a discrete vortex method
Authors: Gumerov Anvar 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Unsteady separated flow past a normal or an inclined flat plate is simulated using the discrete vortex method. The plate is replaced by attached discrete vortices and the separated flow motion behind the plate is modeled by free discrete vortices moving with a local velocity. The intensities of attached vortices at each moment of time are determined from the condition of impermeability of the streamlined body surface, as well as the condition that the total intensity of the attached and free vortices is equal to zero. A formula is introduced for determining the pressure coefficient in the position of the attached vortices, and it is obtained from the pressure in an unsteady-state flow by Cauchy-Lagrange function. The forces exerted on the plate at each instant of time determined from the generalized Blasius theorem.
The calculations have shown, that by choosing an integration step and a quantity of the plate breakdowns, it is possible to obtain a satisfactory convergence with the experimental results on the normal force coefficient. But this results in some discrepancy in the Strouhal number of vortex shedding, especially at the small angles of attack. Replacement of the plate by the attached vortices leads to a passage of the free vortices through it, which leads to a discontinuous change in its aerodynamic characteristics. To avoid the latter, it is necessary to introduce a condition, for example, to exclude a normal velocity component of the free vortex near the plate. The introduction of the initial disturbance affects to some extent a subsequent development of the vortices and, thus, the dependence of the normal force coefficient on a time period.
Influence of geometrical parameters of air inlet hole on the kinematic characteristics of jet
Authors: Kareeva Juliya , Bliznyakova Ksenia , Ashadullina Diana , Zakieva Raushan 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
While considering air exchange scheme in rooms with heat dissipations, it is often preferred when jet flows directly into the working area. It is necessary to take into account the influence of irregularities of velocity profiles in jets that are formed at the outflow from nozzle with different geometry. The jet outflow from inlet holes located beyond elbow was numerically studied. The influence of geometrical parameters of inlet hole on the jet characteristics was investigated.
The characteristic flow streamlines for several geometries of a horizontal nozzle, the main characteristics of jet outflow were computed. The relationship between the inlet hole location relative to elbow and the outflow jet characteristics were determined. It was revealed that when the inlet hole is located in close proximity to the elbow, the velocity profiles have strong irregularities, and the jet outflows at an angle to the horizon. When the distance between the hole and the elbow increases, the jet strengthens, the transversal component of velocity does not affect the jet, the outflow angle tends to horizontal.
The obtained results can be used for calculating the circulation of air masses in ventilated rooms.
A study of the source-sink system with uneven suction
Authors: Davidov Alexander , Kareeva Juliya , Gabdrafikov Rustam 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Suction hoods are used on a wide-spread basis in ventilation equipment in order to capture harmful substances released by process equipment. The efficiency of such devices is dependent not only on the relative position of the source of contamination and that of the suction hood but also on suction uniformity. Where the location of the source and that of the suction hood is misaligned, the need arises to put in place an uneven velocity field in the suction hood.
This papers explores the flow of hazardous substances from the “source” to the “sink” located at an angle of 180 degrees relative to each other. Collection efficiency was determined numerically by means of the Fluent software as well as experimentally. A screen was mounted inside to ensure uneven suction. The study yielded flow current lines and constant temperature lines. It also helped to define maximum suction intensity.
The findings may be used for designing ventilation systems intended for industrial buildings.
Engineering and computer graphics for effective training in a construction university
Authors: Belavina Tatyana , Gorskaya Tatyana , Goulkanyan Meri 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
One of the most important disciplines for the training of civil engineers is engineering and computer graphics. However, traditional training in engineering graphics does not bring tangible results, so there is a need for the introduction of modern innovative approaches and methods. It is proposed and justified the use of a combined approach to teaching engineering graphics, based on the combination of three-dimensional modeling in AutoCAD 2018 and traditional, on paper, manually. Studies conducted on the basis of the Kazan State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering have shown the feasibility of using a combined approach. So, as a result of the experiment, it turned out that the most effective assimilation of educational material according to the results of graphic work was demonstrated by the group of students who, when it was used, used both the capabilities of 3D modeling and the ability to manually perform graphic work, with this approach, students receive additional skills, which will become relevant in their future professional activities.