bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conceptual models of entrainment, jet-lag, and seasonality
Authors: Tokuda Isao T. , Schmal Christoph , Ananthasubramaniam Bharath , Herzel Hanspeter 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTUnderstanding entrainment of circadian rhythms is a central goal of chronobiology. Many factors, such as period, amplitude, Zeitgeber strength, and day-length, govern entrainment ranges and the phase of entrainment. Using global optimization, we derive conceptual models with just three free parameters (period, amplitude, relaxation rate) that reproduce known phenotypic features of vertebrate clocks: relatively small phase response curves (PRCs), fast re-entrainment after jet-lag, and seasonal variability to track light onset or offset. Since optimization found multiple sets of model parameters, we can study this model ensemble to gain insight into the underlying design principles. We find that amplitudes control the size of PRCs, that fast relaxation supports short jet-lag, and that specific periods allow reasonable seasonal phase shifts. Arnold onions of representative models visualize strong dependencies of entrainment on periods, relative Zeitgeber strength, and photoperiod.
Role of social and organizational support in the adjustment of Tunisian self-initiated expatriates
Authors: Khedher Hajer , Asadullah Muhammad Ali 
Published: December 2019

PurposeThis paper aims to explore the lived experiences of Tunisian self-initiated expatriates (SIEs) for social and organizational support that they experienced during their international expatriation assignment in a host country.Design/methodology/approachThis study is a qualitative research. The data were collected from Tunisian Expatriates through semi-structured interviews.FindingsThis study has revealed diverse some interesting insights about the lived experiences of Tunisian SIEs about the support which they received from their family members, social network and members of the host-country organization. This study has also introduced a scale that can be used for measuring the level of social and organizational support received by SIEs.Practical implicationsThis study has offered some implications for the researchers and professionals to advance research and practice to regulate the lived experiences of SIEs.Originality/valueThis study has highlighted the lived experiences of SIEs for social and organizational support in the Tunisian context representing the collectivist Muslim society.
A three-dimensional one-layer particle level set method
Authors: Zhao LanHao , Mu Kailong , Mao Jia , Hongvan Khuc , Peng Dawei 
Published: December 2019

Purpose
Moving interface problems exist commonly in nature and industry, and the main difficulty is to represent the interface. The purpose of this paper is to capture the accurate interface, a novel three-dimensional one-layer particle level set (OPLS) method is presented by introducing Lagrangian particles to reconstruct the seriously distorted level set function.

Design/methodology/approach
First, the interface is captured by the level set method. Then, the interface is corrected with only one-layer particles advected with the flow to ensure that the level set function value of the particle is equal to 0. When interfaces are merged, all particles in merged regions are deleted, while the added particles near the generated interface are used to determine the interface as the interface is separated.

Findings
The OPLS method is validated with well-known benchmark examples, such as the long-term advection of a sphere, the rotation of a three-dimensional slotted disk and sphere, single vortex in a box, sphere merging and separation, deformation of a sphere. The simulation results indicate that the proposed method is found to be highly reliable and accurate.

Originality/value
This method exhibits excellent conservation of the area bounded by the interface. The extraordinary performance is also shown in dealing with complex interface topological changes.
Clinical features and treatment of epidermal growth factor inhibitor‐related late‐phase papulopustular rash
Authors: Tohyama Mikiko , Hamada Makoto , Harada Daijiro , Kozuki Toshiyuki , Nogami Naoyuki , Monden Nobuya , Kajiwara Takeshi , Nishina Tomohiro 
Published: December 2019

AbstractPapulopustular rash, an acneiform rash, appears on the seborrheic region during the first to second week of treatment with an epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor (EGFRi). The rash gradually disappears after the fourth week; however, it persists or newly develops in other regions during EGFRi treatment. Because Staphylococcus aureus is frequently isolated from late‐phase papulopustular rash, we assessed the incidence of bacterial infection and treatment outcomes of patients with late‐phase papulopustular rash. Sixty‐four cases treated with an EGFRi over 4 weeks who presented with papulopustular rash were assessed retrospectively. The median duration of EGFR inhibitor treatment was 5 months. Grade 2 and 3 papulopustular rash was observed in 47 and eight cases, respectively. Bacterial culture was performed in 51 cases, 50 of which yielded positive results: methicillin‐sensitive S. aureus in 29, methicillin‐resistant S. aureus in 14, Staphylococcus species in five, Pseudomonas aeruginosa in three, and other in four cases. Of the S. aureus isolates, 42% were resistant to minocycline and 40% to levofloxacin. After treatment with topical and/or oral antibiotics without topical corticosteroids, the papulopustular rash rapidly improved by an average of 2.9 ± 3.4 weeks. However, use of a combination of antibiotics and a topical corticosteroid prolonged the recovery period to an average of 18.9 ± 11.4 weeks. In conclusion, folliculitis that develops over 4 weeks after the initiation of EGFRi treatment is typically caused by staphylococcal infection. Bacterial culture is necessary due to the high rate of antibiotic resistance. It is important to distinguish late‐ from early‐phase papulopustular rash and to treat using different approaches.
Clinical characteristics and survival of 413 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus in southeastern areas of South Korea: A multicenter retrospective cohort study
Authors: Koh Jung Hee , Park Eun‐Kyoung , Lee Han‐Na , Kim Yunkyung , Kim Geun‐Tae , Suh Young Sun , Kim Hyun‐Ok , Lee Seung‐Geun 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAimsTo investigate demographic, clinical, laboratory, and immunological characteristics of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in southeastern areas of South Korea, and to perform survival analysis.MethodsWe retrospectively evaluated 413 patients with SLE diagnosed in 3 tertiary rheumatology centers in South Korea from 1992 to 2016 by reviewing their medical charts. All patients fulfilled the 1997 revised American College of Rheumatology classification criteria for SLE.ResultsMost patients were women (92%), and the mean (±standard deviation) age at diagnosis was 30.9 (±12.9) years. The most common clinical manifestation was leukopenia (74.3%), followed by lymphopenia (73.6%), arthritis (59.1%), malar rash (48.4%), thrombocytopenia (46.5%), oral ulcer (35.1%), and biopsy‐proven lupus nephritis (31.2%). Anti‐nuclear, anti‐double‐stranded DNA, anti‐Smith, and anti‐Ro antibodies were positive in 97.8%, 70.1%, 38.4%, and 63% of patients, respectively. Twenty (4.8%) patients died during a median follow‐up of 83 months, and the cumulative 5‐year and 10‐year survival rates were 96.9% and 95.5%, respectively. The major causes of death were infection (50%) and lupus flare‐up (50%). Male (hazards ratio [HR] = 7.19, P = .001), pleuritis and/or pericarditis (HR = 3.28, P = .012), childhood‐onset (HR = 3.57, P = .012), and late‐onset (HR = 4.65, P = .011) were independent risk factors for death. Compared with SLE cohorts in other ethnicities or countries, our patients tended to have a higher frequency of anti‐Ro antibodies and hematologic disorders.ConclusionThis study describes clinical features of SLE in South Korea and suggests a remarkable phenotypic heterogeneity of SLE.
The FrogPhone: A novel device for real‐time frog call monitoring
Authors: Garrido Sanchis Adrian , Bertolelli Lorenzo , Maria Hoefer Anke , Yebra Alvarez Marta , Munasinghe Kumudu 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Auditory surveys are instrumental for a range of absent–present studies of vocal species. However, they are generally time and resource‐intensive.

To keep the cost of time and travel associated with auditory surveys at a minimum, we have developed a device, the FrogPhone, for remote monitoring. The system simulates the main features of a phone device working within the 3G/4G Cellular network frequencies or a satellite network.

By dialling up the invention, the user can conduct an auditory survey in real time and obtain environmental data (e.g. water and air temperature) through a text message sent to his mobile phone.

The FrogPhone allows extending auditory survey projects while decreasing overall project costs and enable surveys that previously were too costly.
ProtASR2: Ancestral reconstruction of protein sequences accounting for folding stability
Authors: Arenas Miguel , Bastolla Ugo 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

The ancestral sequence reconstruction (ASR) is a molecular evolution technique that provides applications to a variety of fields such as biotechnology and biomedicine. To infer ancestral sequences with realistic biological properties, the accuracy of ASR methods is crucial. We previously developed an ASR framework for proteins, called ProtASR, which is based on our site‐specific stability‐constrained substitution (SCS) model with selection on protein folding stability against both unfolding and misfolding. This model improved the empirical substitution models traditionally applied in ASR without increasing the computational complexity. However, it adopted a global exchangeability matrix, an approximation that we overcome here by considering site‐specific exchangeability matrices based on the Halpern–Bruno approach.

Here we present ProtASR2, a new version of our ASR framework that implements novel SCS models of protein evolution, namely mean‐field (MF) and wild‐type (WT).

ProtASR2 under MF and WT SCS models outperforms empirical models and previous SCS models in terms of goodness of fit and site‐specific distributions of amino acids. Importantly, the framework infers ancestral sequences with more realistic predicted folding stability with respect to simulated sequences, while empirical, CAT and other SCS models tend to overestimate the folding stability. We applied ProtASR2 to explore the evolution of two protein families present in diverse Prokaryota and found fluctuations of protein stability over time in both families. ProtASR2 is available from https://github.com/miguelarenas/protasr and the new SCS models are also available from https://github.com/ugobas/protevol.

Use of ProtASR2 will allow more realistic inferences of ancestral proteins in terms of folding stability with respect to those based on traditional empirical and CAT substitution models of protein evolution.
Alcohol Intake in Early Pregnancy and Spontaneous Preterm Birth: A Cohort Study
Authors: Weile Louise Katrine Kjær , Hegaard Hanne Kirstine , Wu Chunsen , Tabor Ann , Wolf Hanne Trap , Kesmodel Ulrik Schiøler , Henriksen Tine Brink , Nohr Ellen Aagaard 
Published: December 2019

BackgroundLimited research has addressed whether maternal alcohol intake in early pregnancy increases the risk of spontaneous preterm birth. In the current study, we examined how alcohol binge drinking and weekly alcohol intake in early pregnancy were associated with spontaneous preterm birth in a contemporary cohort of Danish women.MethodsWe included 15,776 pregnancies of 14,894 women referred to antenatal care at Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark, between 2012 and 2016. Self‐reported alcohol intake in early pregnancy was obtained from a Web‐based questionnaire completed prior to the women’s first visit at the department. Information on spontaneous preterm birth was extracted from the Danish Medical Birth Register. Adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of spontaneous preterm birth according to self‐reported alcohol binge drinking and weekly intake of alcohol in early pregnancy were derived from Cox regression.ResultsWomen reporting 1, 2, and ≥ 3 binge drinking episodes had an aHR for spontaneous preterm birth of 0.88 (95% CI 0.68 to 1.14), 1.34 (95% CI 0.98 to 1.82), and 0.93 (95% CI 0.62 to 1.41), respectively, compared to women with no binge drinking episodes. Women who reported an intake of ≥ 1 drink per week on average had an aHR for spontaneous preterm birth of 1.09 (95% CI 0.63 to 1.89) compared to abstainers. When restricting to nulliparous women or cohabiting women with ≥ 3 years of higher education, this estimate was 1.28 (95% CI 0.69 to 2.40) and 1.20 (95% CI 0.67 to 2.15), respectively.ConclusionWe found no evidence that maternal alcohol intake in early pregnancy was associated with a higher risk of spontaneous preterm birth, neither for alcohol binge drinking nor for a low average weekly intake of alcohol.
Methotrexate in the treatment of paediatric alopecia areata: Retrospective case series and updated meta‐analysis
Authors: Phan Kevin , Lee Geoffrey , Fischer Gayle 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackground/ObjectivesThere is a paucity of data regarding the efficacy and safety of methotrexate (MTX) in childhood alopecia areata (AA), particularly in an Australasian cohort. We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of MTX in childhood AA based on our institutional experience.MethodsA retrospective chart review was performed from patients treated by a consultant dermatologist. Consecutive children with AA treated with MTX seen between 2010 and 2019 were analysed. A meta‐analysis of proportions was conducted for response rates, recurrences and complications of reported data in the literature.ResultsOverall, 7 cases (70%) achieved treatment success whilst on MTX treatment. The remainder of cases were considered treatment failures. These were three children with partial regrowth with persistent patches on the scalp. No serious side effects were reported. Two cases experienced nausea or vomiting after MTX administration which was transient. Pooled meta‐analysis showed success rates of 49.7%, recurrences in 30% and side effects in 15.7% of cases.ConclusionsOverall, this study shows that methotrexate for paediatric AA in an Australian context was beneficial for the majority of cases assessed and had minimal adverse effects. We propose that such treatment should not be ruled out in the paediatric population.
Subphenotypes of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory disease‐exacerbated respiratory disease identified by latent class analysis
Authors: Celejewska‐Wójcik Natalia , Wójcik Krzysztof , Ignacak‐Popiel Maria , Ćmiel Adam , Tyrak Katarzyna , Gielicz Anna , Kania Aleksander , Nastałek Paweł , Sanak Marek , Mastalerz Lucyna 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundInduced sputum (IS) allows to measure mediators of asthmatic inflammation in bronchial secretions. NSAID‐exacerbated respiratory disease (NERD) is recognized as a distinct asthma phenotype, usually with a severe course, eosinophilic airway inflammation, and increased production of pro‐inflammatory eicosanoids. A more insightful analysis of NERD patients has shown this phenotype to be nonhomogeneous.ObjectiveWe aimed to identify possible subphenotypes in a cohort of NERD patients with the means of latent class analysis (LCA).MethodsA total of 95 asthma patients with aspirin hypersensitivity underwent sputum induction. High‐performance liquid chromatography or gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry was used to profile eicosanoids in induced sputum supernatant (ISS). Sixteen variables covering clinical characteristics, IS inflammatory cells, and eicosanoids were considered in the LCA.ResultsThree classes (subphenotypes) were distinguished within the NERD cohort. Class 1 subjects had mild‐to‐moderate asthma, an almost equal distribution of inflammatory cell patterns, the lowest concentrations of eicosanoids, and logLTE4/logPGE2 ratio. Class 2 represented severe asthma with impaired lung function despite high doses of steroids. High sputum eosinophilia was in line with higher pro‐inflammatory LTE4 in ISS and the highest logLTE4/logPGE2 ratio. Class 3 subjects had mild‐to‐moderate asthma and were also characterized by eosinophilic airway inflammation, yet increased production of pro‐ (LTE4, PGD2 and 11‐dehydro‐TBX2) was balanced by anti‐inflammatory PGE2. The value of logLTE4/logPGE2 was between values calculated for classes 1 and 3, similarly to disease control and severity.ConclusionsLCA revealed three distinct NERD subphenotypes. Our results support a more complex pathobiology of aspirin hypersensitivity. Considering NERD heterogeneity, the relationship between inflammatory pathways and clinical manifestations of asthma may lead to more individualized treatment in difficult to treat patients in the future.
Reliability of gastric suctioning compared with ultrasound assessment of residual gastric volume: a prospective multicentre cohort study
Authors: Bouvet L. , Zieleskiewicz L. , Loubradou E. , Alain A. , Morel J. , Argaud L. , Chassard D. , Leone M. , Allaouchiche B. ,   the AzuRea CAR'Echo collaborative networks
Published: December 2019

SummaryWe aimed to compare the reliability of aspiration via a nasogastric tube with ultrasound for assessment of residual gastric volume. Sixty‐one adult patients who were mechanically ventilated and received continuous enteral feeding through a nasogastric tube for > 48 h were included. A first qualitative and quantitative ultrasound examination of the gastric antrum was followed by gastric suctioning, performed by an operator blinded to the result of the ultrasound examination. A second ultrasound examination was performed thereafter, followed by re‐injection of the aspirated gastric contents (≤ 250 ml) into the stomach. A third ultrasound assessment was then immediately performed. If the suctioned volume was ≥ 250 ml, 250 mg erythromycin was infused over 30 min. A fourth ultrasound was performed 90 min after the third. Sixty (98%) patients had a qualitatively assessed full stomach at first ultrasound examination vs. 52 (85%) after gastric suctioning (p = 0.016). The calculated gastric volume significantly decreased after gastric suctioning, without a significant decrease in the number of patients with volume ≥ 250 ml. Four of the nine patients with calculated gastric volume ≥ 250 ml had vomiting within the last 24 h (p = 0.013). The antral cross‐sectional area significantly decreased between the third and the fourth ultrasound examination (p = 0.015). Erythromycin infusion did not make a significant difference to gastric volume (n = 10). Our results demonstrate that gastric suctioning is not a reliable tool for monitoring residual gastric volume. Gastric ultrasound is a feasible and promising tool for gastric volume monitoring in clinical practice.
Next‐generation sequencing for measurable residual disease detection in acute myeloid leukaemia
Authors: Ghannam Jack , Dillon Laura W. , Hourigan Christopher S. 
Published: December 2019

SummaryAcute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is a blood cancer characterized by acquired genetic mutations. There is great interest in accurately establishing measurable residual disease (MRD) burden in AML patients in remission after treatment but at risk of relapse. However, inter‐ and intrapatient genetic diversity means that, unlike in the chronic myeloid and acute promyelocytic leukaemias, no single genetic abnormality is pathognomonic for all cases of AML MRD. Next‐generation sequencing offers the opportunity to test broadly and deeply for potential genetic evidence of residual AML, and while not currently accepted for such use clinically, is likely to be increasingly used for AML MRD testing in the future.
Bird communities across varying landcover types in a Neotropical city
Authors: Hayes William Michael , Fisher Jessica Claris , Pierre Meshach Andres , Bicknell Jake Emmerson , Davies Zoe Georgina 
Published: December 2019

AbstractUrbanization poses a serious threat to local biodiversity, yet towns and cities with abundant natural features may harbor important species populations and communities. While the contribution of urban greenspaces to conservation has been demonstrated by numerous studies within temperate regions, few consider the bird communities associated with different landcovers in Neotropical cities. To begin to fill this knowledge gap, we examined how the avifauna of a wetland city in northern Amazonia varied across six urban landcover types (coastal bluespace; urban bluespace; managed greenspace; unmanaged greenspace; dense urban; and sparse urban). We measured detections, species richness, and a series of ground cover variables that characterized the heterogeneity of each landcover, at 114 locations across the city. We recorded >10% (98) of Guyana's bird species in Georgetown, including taxa of conservation interest. Avian detections, richness, and community composition differed with landcover type. Indicator species analysis identified 29 species from across dietary guilds, which could be driving community composition. Comparing landcovers, species richness was highest in managed greenspaces and lowest in dense urban areas. The canal network had comparable levels of species richness to greenspaces. The waterways are likely to play a key role in enhancing habitat connectivity as they traverse densely urbanized areas. Both species and landcover information should be integrated into urban land‐use planning in the rapidly urbanizing Neotropics to maximize the conservation value of cities. This is imperative in the tropics, where anthropogenic pressures on species are growing significantly, and action needs to be taken to prevent biodiversity collapse.
Cutaneous crospovidone reaction secondary to subcutaneous injection of buprenorphine
Authors: Marka Arthur , Hoyt Brian S. , Dagrosa Alicia T. , Barton Dorothea T. , Kim Andrew , Linos Konstantinos , Yan Shaofeng 
Published: December 2019

AbstractCrospovidone is an insoluble pharmaceutical disintegrant that has been implicated in a rare foreign body reaction in injection drug users, classically associated with pulmonary angiothrombosis. We recently reported the first known cases of cutaneous crospovidone deposition. We herein report two additional cases with unique clinicopathologic manifestations, both in the setting of suspected injection drug abuse. Additionally, we provide a comprehensive overview of the distinct histomorphology and reproducible histochemistry of crospovidone.