bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Supramolecular Porous Organic Nanocomposites for Heterogeneous Photocatalysis of a Sulfur Mustard Simulant
Authors: Beldjoudi Yassine , Atilgan Ahmet , Weber Jacob A. , Roy Indranil , Young Ryan M. , Yu Jierui , Deria Pravas , Enciso Alan E. , Wasielewski Michael R. , Hupp Joseph T. , Stoddart J. Fraser 
Published: June 2020

AbstractEfficient heterogeneous photosensitizing materials require both large accessible surface areas and excitons of suitable energies and with well‐defined spin structures. Confinement of the tetracationic cyclophane (ExBox4+) within a nonporous anionic polystyrene sulfonate (PSS) matrix leads to a surface area increase of up to 225 m2 g−1 in ExBox•PSS. Efficient intersystem crossing is achieved by combining the spin‐orbit coupling associated to Br heavy atoms in 1,3,5,8‐tetrabromopyrene (TBP), and the photoinduced electron transfer in a TBP⊂ExBox4+ supramolecular dyad. The TBP⊂ExBox4+ complex displays a charge transfer band at 450 nm and an exciplex emission at 520 nm, indicating the formation of new mixed‐electronic states. The lowest triplet state (T1, 1.89 eV) is localized on the TBP and is close in energy with the charge separated state (CT, 2.14 eV). The homogeneous and heterogeneous photocatalytic activities of the TBP⊂ExBox4+, for the elimination of a sulfur mustard simulant, has proved to be significantly more efficient than TBP and ExBox+4, confirming the importance of the newly formed excited‐state manifold in TBP⊂ExBox4+ for the population of the low‐lying T1 state. The high stability, facile preparation, and high performance of the TBP⊂ExBox•PSS nanocomposites augur well for the future development of new supramolecular heterogeneous photosensitizers using host–guest chemistry.
Toward Highly Selective Electrochemical CO2 Reduction using Metal‐Free Heteroatom‐Doped Carbon
Authors: Pan Binbin , Zhu Xiaorong , Wu Yunling , Liu Tongchao , Bi Xuanxuan , Feng Kun , Han Na , Zhong Jun , Lu Jun , Li Yafei , Li Yanguang 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThere are growing interests in metal‐free heteroatom‐doped carbons for electrochemical CO2 reduction. Previous studies extensively focus on the effect of N‐doping, and their products severely suffer from low current density (mostly <2 mA cm−2) and limited selectivity (<90%). Here, it is reported that heteroatom codoping offers a promising solution to the above challenge. As a proof of concept, N,P‐codoped mesoporous carbon is prepared by annealing phytic‐acid‐functionalized ZIF‐8 in NH3. In CO2‐saturated 0.5 m NaHCO3, the catalyst enables CO2 reduction to CO with great selectivity close to 100% and large CO partial current density (≈8 mA cm−2), which are, to the best of knowledge, superior to all other relevant competitors. Theoretical simulations show that the improved activity and selectivity are stemmed from the enhanced surface adsorption of *COOH and *CO intermediates as a result of the synergy of N and P codoping.
Efficient and Stable Planar n–i–p Sb2Se3 Solar Cells Enabled by Oriented 1D Trigonal Selenium Structures
Authors: Shen Kai , Zhang Yu , Wang Xiaoqing , Ou Chizhu , Guo Fei , Zhu Hongbing , Liu Cong , Gao Yanyan , Schropp Ruud E. I. , Li Zhiqiang , Liu Xianhu , Mai Yaohua 
Published: June 2020

AbstractEnvironmentally benign and potentially cost‐effective Sb2Se3 solar cells have drawn much attention by continuously achieving new efficiency records. This article reports a compatible strategy to enhance the efficiency of planar n–i–p Sb2Se3 solar cells through Sb2Se3 surface modification and an architecture with oriented 1D van der Waals material, trigonal selenium (t‐Se). A seed layer assisted successive close spaced sublimation (CSS) is developed to fabricate highly crystalline Sb2Se3 absorbers. It is found that the Sb2Se3 absorber exhibits a Se‐deficient surface and negative surface band bending. Reactive Se is innovatively introduced to compensate the surface Se deficiency and form an (101) oriented 1D t‐Se interlayer. The p‐type t‐Se layer promotes a favored band alignment and band bending at the Sb2Se3/t‐Se interface, and functionally works as a surface passivation and hole transport material, which significantly suppresses interface recombination and enhances carrier extraction efficiency. An efficiency of 7.45% is obtained in a planar Sb2Se3 solar cell in superstrate n–i–p configuration, which is the highest efficiency for planar Sb2Se3 solar cells prepared by CSS. The all‐inorganic Sb2Se3 solar cell with t‐Se shows superb stability, retaining ≈98% of the initial efficiency after 40 days storage in open air without encapsulation.
Sensitive and broadly applicable residual disease detection in acute myeloid leukemia using flow cytometry‐based leukemic cell enrichment followed by mutational profiling
Authors: Daga Shruti , Rosenberger Angelika , Kashofer Karl , Heitzer Ellen , Quehenberger Franz , Halbwedl Iris , Graf Ricarda , Krisper Nina , Prietl Barbara , Höfler Gerald , Reinisch Andreas , Zebisch Armin , Sill Heinz , Wölfler Albert 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPersistent measurable residual disease (MRD) is an increasingly important prognostic marker in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Currently, MRD is determined by multi‐parameter flow cytometry (MFC) or PCR‐based methods detecting leukemia‐specific fusion transcripts and mutations. However, while MFC is highly operator‐dependent and difficult to standardize, PCR‐based methods are only available for a minority of AML patients. Here we describe a novel, highly sensitive and broadly applicable method for MRD detection by combining MFC‐based leukemic cell enrichment using an optimized combinatorial antibody panel targeting CLL‐1, TIM‐3, CD123 and CD117, followed by mutational analysis of recurrently mutated genes in AML. In dilution experiments this method showed a sensitivity of 10−4 to 10−5 for residual disease detection. In prospectively collected remission samples this marker combination allowed for a median 67‐fold cell enrichment with sufficient DNA quality for mutational analysis using next generation sequencing (NGS) or digital PCR in 39 out of 41 patients. Twenty‐one samples (53.8%) tested MRD positive, whereas 18 (46.2%) were negative. With a median follow‐up of 559 days, 71.4% of MRD positive (15/21) and 27.8% (5/18) of MRD negative patients relapsed (P = .007). The cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR) was higher for MRD positive patients (5‐year CIR: 90.5% vs 28%, P < .001). In multivariate analysis, MRD positivity was a prominent factor for CIR. Thus, MFC‐based leukemic cell enrichment using antibodies against CLL‐1, TIM‐3, CD123 and CD117 followed by mutational analysis allows high sensitive MRD detection and is informative on relapse risk in the majority of AML patients.
Cryogenic OrbiSIMS Localizes Semi‐Volatile Molecules in Biological Tissues
Authors: Newell Clare L. , Vorng Jean‐Luc , MacRae James I. , Gilmore Ian S. , Gould Alex P. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractOrbiSIMS is a recently developed instrument for label‐free imaging of chemicals with micron spatial resolution and high mass resolution. We report a cryogenic workflow for OrbiSIMS (Cryo‐OrbiSIMS) that improves chemical detection of lipids and other biomolecules in tissues. Cryo‐OrbiSIMS boosts ionization yield and decreases ion‐beam induced fragmentation, greatly improving the detection of biomolecules such as triacylglycerides. It also increases chemical coverage to include molecules with intermediate or high vapor pressures, such as free fatty acids and semi‐volatile organic compounds (SVOCs). We find that Cryo‐OrbiSIMS reveals the hitherto unknown localization patterns of SVOCs with high spatial and chemical resolution in diverse plant, animal, and human tissues. We also show that Cryo‐OrbiSIMS can be combined with genetic analysis to identify enzymes regulating SVOC metabolism. Cryo‐OrbiSIMS is applicable to high resolution imaging of a wide variety of non‐volatile and semi‐volatile molecules across many areas of biomedicine.
A Yolk–Shell‐Structured FePO4 Cathode for High‐Rate and Long‐Cycling Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zhang Zhuangzhuang , Du Yichen , Wang Qin‐Chao , Xu Jingyi , Zhou Yong‐Ning , Bao Jianchun , Shen Jian , Zhou Xiaosi 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAmorphous iron phosphate (FePO4) has attracted enormous attention as a promising cathode material for sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) because of its high theoretical specific capacity and superior electrochemical reversibility. Nevertheless, the low rate performance and rapid capacity decline seriously hamper its implementation in SIBs. Herein, we demonstrate a sagacious multi‐step templating approach to skillfully craft amorphous FePO4 yolk–shell nanospheres with mesoporous nanoyolks supported inside the robust porous outer nanoshells. Their unique architecture and large surface area enable these amorphous FePO4 yolk–shell nanospheres to manifest remarkable sodium storage properties with high reversible capacity, outstanding rate performance, and ultralong cycle life.
Lasso Proteins: Modular Design, Cellular Synthesis, and Topological Transformation
Authors: Liu Yajie , Wu Wen‐Hao , Hong Sumin , Fang Jing , Zhang Fan , Liu Geng‐Xin , Seo Jongcheol , Zhang Wen‐Bin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractEntangled proteins have attracted significant research interest. Herein, we report the first rationally designed lasso proteins, or protein [1]rotaxanes, by using a p53dim‐entwined dimer for intramolecular entanglement and a SpyTag‐SpyCatcher reaction for side‐chain ring closure. The lasso structures were confirmed by proteolytic digestion, mutation, NMR spectrometry, and controlled ligation. Their dynamic properties were probed by experiments such as end‐capping, proteolytic digestion, and heating/cooling. As a versatile topological intermediate, a lasso protein could be converted to a rotaxane, a heterocatenane, and a “slide‐ring” network. Being entirely genetically encoded, this robust and modular lasso‐protein motif is a valuable addition to the topological protein repertoire and a promising candidate for protein‐based biomaterials.
Bioactive Plasma Mitochondrial DNA Is Associated With Disease Progression in Scleroderma‐Associated Interstitial Lung Disease
Authors: Ryu Changwan , Walia Anjali , Ortiz Vivian , Perry Carrighan , Woo Sam , Reeves Benjamin C. , Sun Huanxing , Winkler Julia , Kanyo Jean E. , Wang Weiwei , Vukmirovic Milica , Ristic Nicholas , Stratton Eric A. , Meena Sita Ram , Minasyan Maksym , Kurbanov Daniel , Liu Xinran , Lam TuKiet T. , Farina Giuseppina , Gomez Jose L. , Gulati Mridu , Herzog Erica L. 
Published: June 2020

ObjectiveSystemic sclerosis–associated interstitial lung disease (SSc‐ILD) is characterized by variable clinical outcomes, activation of innate immune pattern‐recognition receptors (PRRs), and accumulation of α‐smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA)–expressing myofibroblasts. The aim of this study was to identify an association between these entities and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), an endogenous ligand for the intracellular DNA–sensing PRRs Toll‐like receptor 9 (TLR‐9) and cyclic GMP‐AMP synthase/stimulator of interferon genes (cGAS/STING), which has yet to be determined.MethodsHuman lung fibroblasts (HLFs) from normal donors and SSc‐ILD explants were treated with synthetic CpG DNA and assayed for α‐SMA expression and extracellular mtDNA using quantitative polymerase chain reaction for the human MT‐ATP6 gene. Plasma MT‐ATP6 concentrations were evaluated in 2 independent SSc‐ILD cohorts and demographically matched controls. The ability of SSc‐ILD and control plasma to induce TLR‐9 and cGAS/STING activation was evaluated with commercially available HEK 293 reporter cells. Plasma concentrations of type I interferons (IFNs), interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), and oxidized DNA were measured using electrochemiluminescence and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay–based methods. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) precipitated from plasma were evaluated for MT‐ATP6 concentrations and proteomics via liquid chromatography mass spectrometry.ResultsNormal HLFs and SSc‐ILD fibroblasts developed increased α‐SMA expression and MT‐ATP6 release following CpG stimulation. Plasma mtDNA concentrations were increased in the 2 SSc‐ILD cohorts, reflective of ventilatory decline, and were positively associated with both TLR‐9 and cGAS/STING activation as well as type I IFN and IL‐6 expression. Plasma mtDNA was not oxidized and was conveyed by EVs displaying a proteomics profile consistent with a multicellular origin.ConclusionThese findings demonstrate a previously unrecognized connection between EV‐encapsulated mtDNA, clinical outcomes, and intracellular DNA–sensing PRR activation in SSc‐ILD. Further study of these interactions could catalyze novel mechanistic and therapeutic insights into SSc‐ILD and related disorders.
Chemiluminescence assay for Listeria monocytogenes based on Cu/Co/Ni ternary nanocatalyst coupled with penicillin as generic capturing agent
Authors: Zhang Yue , Cui Gaoxi , Meng Yuchan , Wang Yujing , Hun Xu 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBacterial pathogen control is important in seafood production. In this study, a Cu/Co/Ni ternary nanoalloy (Cu/Co/Ni TNA) was synthesized using the oleylamine reducing method. It was found that Cu/Co/Ni TNA greatly enhanced the chemiluminescence (CL) signal of the hydroxylamine‐O‐sulfonic acid (HOSA)–luminol system. The CL properties of Cu/Co/Ni TNA were investigated systemically. The possible CL mechanism also was intensively investigated. Based on the enhanced CL phenomenon of Cu/Co/Ni TNA, a Cu/Co/Ni TNA, penicillin, and anti‐L. monocytogenes (Listeria monocytogenes) antibody‐based sandwich complex assay for detection of L. monocytogenes was established. In this sandwich CL assay, penicillin was employed to capture and enrich pathogenic bacteria with penicillin‐binding proteins (PBPs) while anti‐L. monocytogenes antibody was adopted as the specific recognition molecule to recognize L. monocytogenes. L. monocytogenes was detected sensitively based on this new Cu/Co/Ni TNA–HOSA–luminol CL system. The CL intensity was proportional to the L. monocytogenes concentration ranging from 2.0 × 102 CFU ml−1 to 3.0 × 107 CFU ml−1 and the limit of detection wa 70 CFU ml−1. The reliability and potential applications of our method was verified by comparison with official methods and recovery tests in environment and food samples.
Gelatin grafted poly(D,L‐lactide) as an inhibitor of protein aggregation: An in vitro case study
Authors: Balavigneswaran Chelladurai Karthikeyan , Kumar Gaurav , Vignesh Kumar Chandrasekaran , Sellamuthu Satheeshkumar , Kasiviswanathan Uvanesh , Ray Biswajit , Muthuvijayan Vignesh , Mahto Sanjeev Kumar , Misra Nira 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAmyloids are a group of proteins that are capable of forming aggregated amyloid fibrils, which is responsible for many neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease (AD). In our previous study, synthesis and characterization of star‐shaped poly(D,L‐lactide)‐b‐gelatin (ss‐pLG) have been reported. In the present work, we have extended our work to study ss‐pLG against protein aggregation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the inhibition of amyloid fibrillation by protein grafted poly(D,L‐lactide). Bovine serum albumin (BSA) was chosen as the model protein, which readily forms fibril under high temperature. We found that ss‐pLG efficiently suppressed the fibril formation of BSA compared with gelatin (Gel), which was supported by Thioflavin T assay, circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM). In addition, ss‐pLG significantly curtailed amyloid‐induced hemolysis. We also found that incubation of ss‐pLG with neuroblastoma cells (MC65) protected the cells from fibril‐induced toxicity. The rescuing efficiency of ss‐pLG was better than Gel, which could be attributed to the reduced lamella thickness in branched ss‐pLG. These results suggest the significance of gelatin grafting, which probably allows gelatin to interact with the key residues of the amyloidogenic core of BSA effectively.
Quantitative ultrasound radiomics in predicting response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced breast cancer: Results from multi‐institutional study
Authors: DiCenzo Daniel , Quiaoit Karina , Fatima Kashuf , Bhardwaj Divya , Sannachi Lakshmanan , Gangeh Mehrdad , Sadeghi‐Naini Ali , Dasgupta Archya , Kolios Michael C. , Trudeau Maureen , Gandhi Sonal , Eisen Andrea , Wright Frances , Look Hong Nicole , Sahgal Arjun , Stanisz Greg , Brezden Christine , Dinniwell Robert , Tran William T. , Yang Wei , Curpen Belinda , Czarnota Gregory J. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundThis study was conducted in order to develop a model for predicting response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in patients with locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) using pretreatment quantitative ultrasound (QUS) radiomics.MethodsThis was a multicenter study involving four sites across North America, and appropriate approval was obtained from the individual ethics committees. Eighty‐two patients with LABC were included for final analysis. Primary tumors were scanned using a clinical ultrasound system before NAC was started. The tumors were contoured, and radiofrequency data were acquired and processed from whole tumor regions of interest. QUS spectral parameters were derived from the normalized power spectrum, and texture analysis was performed based on six QUS features using a gray level co‐occurrence matrix. Patients were divided into responder or nonresponder classes based on their clinical‐pathological response. Classification analysis was performed using machine learning algorithms, which were trained to optimize classification accuracy. Cross‐validation was performed using a leave‐one‐out cross‐validation method.ResultsBased on the clinical outcomes of NAC treatment, there were 48 responders and 34 nonresponders. A K‐nearest neighbors (K‐NN) approach resulted in the best classifier performance, with a sensitivity of 91%, a specificity of 83%, and an accuracy of 87%.ConclusionQUS‐based radiomics can predict response to NAC based on pretreatment features with acceptable accuracy.
Impact of poultry litter application on alfalfa grown in Mississippi
Authors: Rushing J. Brett , Lemus Rocky W. , Maples Joshua G. , Lyles Johnson C. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAlfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) production in the Coastal Plain of the southeastern United States requires enhanced soil fertility management to capitalize on increased dry matter yield and nutritive value. Poultry litter (PL) is an abundant fertilizer source that has been recognized as an economical choice for pasture and hay production. A field trial was established in east‐central Mississippi in which PL and inorganic fertilizer sources were compared in three alfalfa cultivars in 2018 and 2019. Fertilizer treatments included (a) 2 ton PL acre−1 (Treatment 1); (b) 4 ton PL acre−1 (Treatment 2); (c) inorganic N, P, and K delivered at similar rates to Treatment 1; and (d) inorganic P, and K (no N) supplied at same rates as Treatment 3. The cultivars were Bulldog 505, Bulldog 805, and AlfaGraze 600RR. Forage mass (FM), plant persistence (PER), nutritive value [crude protein (CP), total digestible nutrients (TDN), and relative forage quality (RFQ)], and economic comparisons were conducted. Repeated measures analysis observed no differences between cultivars or treatments for FM, PER, or CP. Bulldog 505 had superior TDN and RFQ values for 7 out of 11 total harvests. Plots with applied PL (2 or 4 ton acre−1) recorded greater TDN values than inorganic sources in 4 of 11 harvests. In 2018, Bulldog 505 produced the lowest cost per ton ($96.29 ton−1); in 2019, similar costs were observed between Bulldog 505 ($147.57 ton−1) and Bulldog 805 ($147.96 ton−1). Poultry litter sources resulted in the lowest cost per ton for both years of the trial.
The Aggregation Regularity Effect of Multiarylpyrroles on Their Near‐Infrared Aggregation‐Enhanced Emission Property
Authors: Qu Jiamin , Ren Fei , Shi Jianbing , Tong Bin , Cai Zhengxu , Dong Yuping 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIncreasing the quantum yield of near‐infrared (NIR) emissive dyes is critical for biological applications because these fluorescent dyes generally show decreased emission efficiency under aqueous conditions. In this work, we designed and synthesized several multiarylpyrrole (MAP) derivatives, in which a furanylidene (FE) group at the 3‐position of the pyrrole forms donor‐π‐acceptor molecules, MAP‐FE, with a NIR emissive wavelength and aggregation‐enhanced emission (AEE) features. Different alkyl chains of MAP‐FEs linked to phenyl groups at the 2,5‐position of the pyrrole ring resulted in different emissive wavelengths and quantum yields in aggregated states, such as powders or single crystals. Powder XRD data and single crystal analysis elucidated that the different lengths of alkyl chains had a significant impact on the regularity of MAP‐FEs when they were forced to aggregate or precipitate, which affected the intermolecular interaction and the restriction degree of the rotating parts, which are essential components. Therefore, an increasing number of NIR dyes could be developed by this design strategy to produce efficient NIR dyes with AEE. Moreover, this method can provide general guidance for other related fields, such as organic solar cells and organic light‐emitting materials, because they are all applied in the aggregated state.
Measuring financial toxicity incurred after treatment of head and neck cancer: Development and validation of the Financial Index of Toxicity questionnaire
Authors: Hueniken Katrina , Douglas Catriona M. , Jethwa Ashok R. , Mirshams Maryam , Eng Lawson , Hope Andrew , Chepeha Douglas B. , Goldstein David P. , Ringash Jolie , Hansen Aaron , Martino Rosemary , Li Madeline , Liu Geoffrey , Xu Wei , de Almeida John R. 
Published: June 2020

BackgroundThe treatment of head and neck cancer (HNC) may cause significant financial toxicity to patients. Herein, the authors have presented the development and validation of the Financial Index of Toxicity (FIT) instrument.MethodsItems were generated using literature review and were based on expert opinion. In item reduction, items with factor loadings of a magnitude <0.3 in exploratory factor analysis and inverse correlations (r < 0) in test‐retest analysis were eliminated. Retained items constituted the FIT. Reliability tests included internal consistency (Cronbach α) and test‐retest reliability (intraclass correlation). Validity was tested using the Spearman rho by comparing FIT scores with baseline income, posttreatment lost income, and the Financial Concerns subscale of the Social Difficulties Inventory. Responsiveness analysis compared change in income and change in FIT between 12 and 24 months.ResultsA total of 14 items were generated and subsequently reduced to 9 items comprising 3 domains identified on exploratory factor analysis: financial stress, financial strain, and lost productivity. The FIT was administered to 430 patients with HNC at 12 to 24 months after treatment. Internal consistency was good (α = .77). Test‐retest reliability was satisfactory (intraclass correlation, 0.70). Concurrent validation demonstrated mild to strong correlations between the FIT and Social Difficulties Inventory Money Matters subscale (Spearman rho, 0.26‐0.61; P < .05). FIT scores were found to be inversely correlated with baseline household income (Spearman rho, −0.34; P < .001) and positively correlated with lost income (Spearman rho, 0.24; P < .001). Change in income was negatively correlated with change in FIT over time (Spearman rho, −0.25; P = .04).ConclusionsThe 9‐item FIT demonstrated internal and test‐retest reliability as well as concurrent and construct validity. Prospective testing in patients with HNC who were treated at other facilities is needed to further establish its responsiveness and generalizability.