bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ecosystem transpiration and evaporation: Insights from three water flux partitioning methods across FLUXNET sites
Authors: Nelson Jacob A. , Pérez‐Priego Oscar , Zhou Sha , Poyatos Rafael , Zhang Yao , Blanken Peter D. , Gimeno Teresa E. , Wohlfahrt Georg , Desai Ankur R. , Gioli Beniamino , Limousin Jean‐Marc , Bonal Damien , Paul‐Limoges Eugénie , Scott Russell L. , Varlagin Andrej , Fuchs Kathrin , Montagnani Leonardo , Wolf Sebastian , Delpierre Nicolas , Berveiller Daniel , Gharun Mana , Belelli Marchesini Luca , Gianelle Damiano , Šigut Ladislav , Mammarella Ivan , Siebicke Lukas , Andrew Black T. , Knohl Alexander , Hörtnagl Lukas , Magliulo Vincenzo , Besnard Simon , Weber Ulrich , Carvalhais Nuno , Migliavacca Mirco , Reichstein Markus , Jung Martin 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWe apply and compare three widely applicable methods for estimating ecosystem transpiration (T) from eddy covariance (EC) data across 251 FLUXNET sites globally. All three methods are based on the coupled water and carbon relationship, but they differ in assumptions and parameterizations. Intercomparison of the three daily T estimates shows high correlation among methods (R between .89 and .94), but a spread in magnitudes of T/ET (evapotranspiration) from 45% to 77%. When compared at six sites with concurrent EC and sap flow measurements, all three EC‐based T estimates show higher correlation to sap flow‐based T than EC‐based ET. The partitioning methods show expected tendencies of T/ET increasing with dryness (vapor pressure deficit and days since rain) and with leaf area index (LAI). Analysis of 140 sites with high‐quality estimates for at least two continuous years shows that T/ET variability was 1.6 times higher across sites than across years. Spatial variability of T/ET was primarily driven by vegetation and soil characteristics (e.g., crop or grass designation, minimum annual LAI, soil coarse fragment volume) rather than climatic variables such as mean/standard deviation of temperature or precipitation. Overall, T and T/ET patterns are plausible and qualitatively consistent among the different water flux partitioning methods implying a significant advance made for estimating and understanding T globally, while the magnitudes remain uncertain. Our results represent the first extensive EC data‐based estimates of ecosystem T permitting a data‐driven perspective on the role of plants’ water use for global water and carbon cycling in a changing climate.
Plasmablastic lymphoma in Johannesburg, South Africa, in the era of widescale antiretroviral therapy use
Authors: Vaughan J , Perner Y , Mayne E , Wiggill T 
Published: October 2020

ObjectivesPlasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is a clinically aggressive lymphoma which has a predilection for extranodal sites and is frequently HIV‐associated. The incidence of non‐Hodgkin lymphoma is thought to be reduced by widescale antiretroviral therapy (ART) coverage, but the literature is sparse as regards the impact of ART on the incidence of PBL and its outcomes in South Africa (SA). This study aimed to compare factors of interest in cases of PBL diagnosed before and after the widespread availability of ART in Johannesburg, SA.MethodsAll cases of PBL diagnosed in the state sector hospitals of Johannesburg in 2007 and 2017 (before and after the widespread availability of ART, respectively) were extracted from the laboratory information system, and factors of interest compared.ResultsThe majority (> 95%) of cases of PBL were seen among people with HIV infection (PWH) at both time‐points, and the proportion of patients on ART and with virological suppression (VS) increased significantly in 2017. However, the number of cases of PBL did not differ significantly between the two years assessed, comprising 46/397 (11.6%) and 53/582 (9.6%) of all lymphomas in 2007 and 2017, respectively (P = 0.23). Ongoing risk for PBL among PWH with virological control and immunological recovery was evident in 2017, as 18.9% of the patients had both VS and CD4 counts > 200 cells/μL at diagnosis. Inferior survival times were associated with elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels and Epstein Barr virus (EBV) negativity, but were not influenced by the presence of AIDS, ART or VS. EBV negativity was significantly associated with VS, and appeared to flag a particularly aggressive form of the disease.ConclusionsWidescale ART coverage has not reduced the incidence of PBL in Johannesburg, and an ongoing risk for this disease among PWH with adequate virological control and immunological recovery persists.
Effectiveness of denture microwave disinfection for treatment of denture stomatitis: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Santos Sousa Taisa Mara , Rodrigues de Farias Ohana , Dantas Batista André Ulisses , Souto de Medeiros Eliton , Santiago Bianca Marques , Cavalcanti Yuri Wanderley 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the effectiveness of removable complete denture disinfection using microwaves for the treatment of denture stomatitis.MethodsThis review identified studies comparing the efficacy of microwave prosthesis disinfection (I) to topical antifungal therapy (C) in the treatment of denture stomatitis (O), which included only individuals who used complete dentures and presented with denture stomatitis (P). The search was performed in six databases and identified 1524 records; after the removal of duplicates, 816 articles remained. Three articles were selected for qualitative synthesis and two for meta‐analysis. Random‐effects meta‐analysis estimated the polled effects of microwave disinfection and antifungal therapy on the Candida counts and clinical manifestation of denture stomatitis. The GRADE approach was used to estimate the certainty of evidence.ResultsAll included studies reported significant reductions in Candida counts and the frequency of denture stomatitis of groups subjected to microwave disinfection of dentures and topical antifungal therapy with nystatin. Significative differences between treatments were only detected for Candida quantification in the palate, within 90 days follow‐up period (SMD = 0.47, 95% CI = 0.02–0.91). Meta‐analyses did not show any further differences between treatments (p > .05), considering the Candida quantification in dentures and the frequency of clinical signs of denture stomatitis. The certainty of the evidence was considered as low, according to GRADE approach.ConclusionMicrowave disinfection of complete dentures can be considered as efficient as antifungal therapy for the treatment of denture stomatitis. However, further well‐designed studies are necessary to confirm such evidence.
Personality traits influencing young adults' conspicuous consumption
Authors: Barrera Gustavo A. , Ponce Héctor R. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractYoung consumers contribute significantly to the growth of luxury consumption worldwide, particularly in the new‐luxury category. Studies addressing personality conditions that influence the consumption of new‐luxury brands are still limited. Based on the 3M Model of Motivation and Personality, this study demonstrates that the competitiveness and need for learning personality traits influence bandwagon and snob consumption of new‐luxury brands. The main hypotheses establish that bandwagon and snob consumption are affected positively by the competitiveness personality trait and negatively by the need for learning personality trait. Data were collected through a survey responded by 717 college students, representing young adult group and also distributed in five different Chilean cities. The analysis was carried out using structural equation models. The results confirmed that competitiveness predisposed individuals to conspicuous consumption associated with new‐luxury brands in the clothing, perfume and smartphone categories. Regarding the need for learning trait, only a negative relationship was found in the clothing category but not in the perfume and smartphone categories. This study contributes to extend our understanding of luxury consumption, providing empirical evidence of the effects of psychological conditions on the consumption of new‐luxury goods by young adults.
How does the replacement of rice flour with flours of higher nutritional quality impact the texture and sensory profile and acceptance of gluten‐free chocolate cakes?
Authors: Nespeca Lucas de Souza , da Silva Paulino Hellen Fernanda , Barlati Vieira da Silva Tamires , Bona Evandro , Leimann Fernanda Vitória , Marques Leila Larisa Medeiros , Cardoso Flávia Aparecida Reitz , Droval Adriana Aparecida , Fuchs Renata Hernandez Barros 
Published: October 2020

SummaryGluten‐free bakery products usually use rice flour as substitute for wheat flour. This paper aims to evaluate whether and how the substitution of rice flour for sorghum and teff flour changes the overall acceptance, texture and sensory profile of gluten‐free chocolate cakes. An experimental design composed of three factors (rice, sorghum and teff flours) was developed, and formulations were analysed by acceptance test and fibre content. Four formulations were submitted to sensory descriptive analysis. The formulations did not show significant differences in the overall acceptance although the sensory profile has changed. The texture was affected by the type of flour, being the optimised formulation the softer among the samples. From these data, it can be concluded that it is possible to replace rice flour with sorghum and teff flour in chocolate cake formulations, since the change in the sensory profile did not affect the acceptance of the products.
Cold atmospheric‐pressure plasma treatment of turmeric powder: microbial load, essential oil profile, bioactivity and microstructure analyses
Authors: Hemmati Vahid , Garavand Farhad , Goudarzi Mostafa , Sarlak Zahra , Cacciotti Ilaria , Tiwari Brijesh K. 
Published: October 2020

SummaryTurmeric powder treated by cold atmospheric‐pressure plasma (CAPP) at 25 kV for various times of 3, 5 and 7 min was examined for microbial load, essential oil profile, colour parameters, total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, antioxidant activity and microstructure. CAPP treatment caused a reduction of approximately 1.5 log CFU g−1 in aerobic viable cell count of turmeric powder, which was most pronounced during the first 3 min of the treatment. The inactivation kinetic was fitted to the Weibull model with R2 of 0.9913 and RMSE of 0.0641. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis of essential oils identified twelve different components for turmeric powder of which 1,8‐Cineole, α‐Terpinolene and trans‐Caryophyllene were lost and ar‐Turmerone and α‐Zingiberene experienced considerable increases after plasma treatment. The double‐edged effect of plasma treatment was also observed on bioactivity. Scanning electron microscopy showed formation of super‐agglomerates in plasma‐treated samples due probably to coalescence of the granules with plasma‐damaged walls.
The ECOWAS Free Movement Protocol and Diversity of Experiences of Different Categories of Migrants: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Yeboah Thomas , Kandilige Leander , Bisong Amanda , Garba Faisal , Kofi Teye Joseph 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWhile studies have drawn attention to the operationalization, and implementation challenges associated with the ECOWAS free movement protocol, our understanding of how different categories of migrants experience the protocol is far more limited. Drawing on data from interviews conducted with 23 ECOWAS migrants living or travelling to Ghana, immigration officials and a trade union representative, this paper examines the diversity of experiences of ECOWAS migrants in relation to the free movement protocol. The findings suggest that the experiences of ECOWAS nationals in areas such as awareness and knowledge of provisions in the protocol, border crossing, processes of acquiring residence and work permits and renewing permits, and rights of establishment differ remarkably by dimensions of social difference. The gender, social class and nationality of migrants are fundamental and shape the experiences of ECOWAS migrants in divergent ways. These findings have important implication for policies seeking to promote free movement in West Africa.
Commemorating Public Figures – In Favour of a Fictionalist Position
Authors: Berninger Anja 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn this article, I discuss the commemoration of public figures such as Nelson Mandela and Yitzhak Rabin. In many cases, our commemoration of such figures is based on the admiration we feel for them. However, closer inspection reveals that most (if not all) of those we currently honour do not qualify as fitting objects of admiration. Yet, we may still have the strong intuition that we ought to continue commemorating them in this way. I highlight two problems that arise here: the problem that the expressed admiration does not seem appropriate with respect to the object and the problem that continued commemorative practices lead to rationality issues. In response to these issues, I suggest taking a fictionalist position with respect to commemoration. This crucially involves sharply distinguishing between commemorative and other discourses, as well as understanding the objects of our commemorative practices as fictional objects.
The right place for me: A moderated mediation model to explain the involvement of employees aged over 50 years
Authors: Manzi Claudia , Coen Sharon , Crapolicchio Eleonora , Medina Letizia , Paderi Fabio 
Published: October 2020

AbstractOver the past decades, employment rates of older workers in most Western countries have rapidly increased. Hence, there is a growing interest in identifying the organizational dimensions that might impact the psychosocial adjustment of workers aged over 50 years. This study focuses on perceived organizational support (POS) and identity‐related measures (identification and authenticity) as key organizational components for workers at this stage of life. Furthermore, in the relationships discussed, we explore the moderating role of perceived age discrimination. In an ample sample of older workers (N = 4,563, aged 50–66 years), a moderated mediational model was tested where older workers' involvement was associated to POS. In the model, this relationship was mediated by organizational identification and authenticity, and the association between POS, identity‐related measures, and involvement was moderated by age‐based discrimination. Results showed that POS is associated with organizational involvement via organizational identification and authenticity and that high level of age discrimination decreased the positive association between POS, organizational identification, authenticity, and involvement.
Using RADseq to understand the circum‐Antarctic distribution of a lichenized fungus, Pseudocyphellaria glabra
Authors: Widhelm Todd J. , Grewe Felix , Huang Jen‐Pan , Ramanauskas Karolis , Mason‐Gamer Roberta , Lumbsch H. Thorsten 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAimThe Southern Ocean landmasses have intrigued biologists for centuries because they share many taxonomic groups. Such disjunct taxa can provide insight into evolutionary processes that connect populations or drive divergence. The lichenized fungus Pseudocyphellaria glabra, for example, has a disjunct distribution—separated by the Tasman Sea and the Pacific Ocean—yet whether these locations should be genetically distinct is unclear. The large distances between continents may be expected to prohibit gene flow, but strong and sustained winds in the Southern Hemisphere and the small size of P. glabra propagules may facilitate migration. We compared support for these two hypotheses.LocationSoutheastern Australia, Tasmania, New Zealand and Southern Chile.TaxonPseudocyphellaria glabra (Hook. f. & Taylor) C.W. Dodge, 1948 (Ascomycota, Peltigeraceae)MethodsWe collected 371 samples across the disjunct range of P. glabra. We generated genomic data using restriction site‐associated DNA sequencing and reconstructed a Maximum Likelihood phylogeny using 29,098 unlinked SNPs. We then conducted population genomic analyses using 3,756 SNPs including a minimum‐spanning network, principal components analysis, discriminate analysis of principal components, and k‐means clustering.ResultsMaximum likelihood analysis recovered multiple well‐supported clades that roughly corresponded to geography. Population genomic analyses identified genetic structuring that generally corresponded with geographic distance; however, some individuals from Chile and Australia were assigned to genetic clusters found in New Zealand, suggesting that recent dispersal events from New Zealand have successfully colonized Chile and Australia.Main conclusionPopulations of P. glabra from Australia, Chile and New Zealand are genetically distinct, but frequent long‐distance dispersal during the Quaternary probably prevented speciation. This study demonstrates the power of restriction‐site associated DNA sequencing for discernment between divergent and connective evolutionary forces that simultaneously influence the population structure of species with disjunct ranges in the Southern Ocean landmasses.
The associations between major dietary patterns and risk of periodontitis
Authors: Alhassani Ahmed A. , Hu Frank B. , Li Yanping , Rosner Bernard A. , Willett Walter C. , Joshipura Kaumudi J. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAimTo prospectively investigate the associations between major dietary patterns and incidence of periodontitis.MethodsWe included 34,940 men from the Health Professionals Follow‐Up Study, free of periodontal disease and major illnesses at baseline. Detailed medical and dental history was collected through biennial mailed questionnaires, and dietary information was provided through quadrennial food frequency questionnaires. Using principal component analysis, we identified two major dietary patterns (“prudent” and “Western”). We used Cox proportional hazard models to examine the associations between the two dietary patterns and self‐reported incidence of periodontitis over a 24‐year follow‐up period. We investigated each pattern separately.ResultsThere was no overall association between Western or prudent dietary patterns and periodontitis. Among obese, however, the Western dietary pattern was significantly associated with incident periodontitis. The hazard ratio for those in the highest quintile of Western diet versus those in the lowest (reference) was 1.83 (95% confidence interval: 1.21–2.76).ConclusionsThere was no overall association between Western or prudent dietary patterns and periodontitis; however, in subgroups analysis, the Western diet was significantly associated with higher periodontitis risk only among obese men, a finding that requires replication and biological explication.
Referral and access to heart function clinics: A realist review
Authors: Fowokan Adeleke , Frankfurter Claudia , Dobrow Mark J. , Abrahamyan Lusine , Mcdonald Michael , Virani Sean , Harkness Karen , Lee Douglas S. , Pakosh Maureen , Ross Heather , Grace Sherry L. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractRationale, aim, and objectivesHeart failure (HF) clinics are highly effective, yet not optimally utilized. A realist review was performed to identify contexts (eg, health system characteristics, clinic capacity, and siting) and underlying mechanisms (eg, referring provider knowledge of clinics and referral criteria, barriers in disadvantaged patients) that influence utilization (provider referral [ie, of all appropriate and no inappropriate patients] and access [ie, patient attends ≥1 visit]) of HF clinics.MethodsFollowing an initial scoping search and field observation in a HF clinic, we developed an initial program theory in conjunction with our expert panel, which included patient partners. Then, a literature search of seven databases was searched from inception to December 2019, including Medline; Grey literature was also searched. Studies of any design or editorials were included; studies regarding access to cardiac rehabilitation, or a single specialist for example, were excluded. Two independent reviewers screened the abstracts, and then full‐texts. Relevant data from included articles were used to refine the program theory.ResultsA total of 29 papers from five countries (three regions) were included. There was limited information to support or refute many elements of our initial program theory (eg, referring provider knowledge/beliefs, clinic inclusion/exclusion criteria), but refinements were made (eg, specialized care provided in each clinic, lack of patient encouragement). Lack of capacity, geography, and funding arrangements were identified as contextual factors, explaining a range of mechanistic processes, including patient clinical characteristics and social determinants of health as well as clinic characteristics that help to explain inappropriate and low use of HF clinics (outcome).ConclusionGiven the burden of HF and benefit of HF clinics, more research is needed to understand, and hence overcome sub‐optimal use of HF clinics. In particular, an understanding from the perspective of referring providers is needed.
The impact of novel coronavirus COVID‐19 on noncommunicable disease patients and health systems: a review
Authors: Chang Andrew Y. , Cullen Mark R. , Harrington Robert A. , Barry Michele 
Published: October 2020

AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is an ongoing global pandemic affecting all levels of health systems. This includes the care of patients with noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) who bear a disproportionate burden of both COVID‐19 itself and the public health measures enacted to combat it. In this review, we summarize major COVID‐19‐related considerations for NCD patients and their care providers, focusing on cardiovascular, pulmonary, renal, haematologic, oncologic, traumatic, obstetric/gynaecologic, operative, psychiatric, rheumatologic/immunologic, neurologic, gastrointestinal, ophthalmologic and endocrine disorders. Additionally, we offer a general framework for categorizing the pandemic’s disruptions by disease‐specific factors, direct health system factors and indirect health system factors. We also provide references to major NCD medical specialty professional society statements and guidelines on COVID‐19. COVID‐19 and its control policies have already resulted in major disruptions to the screening, treatment and surveillance of NCD patients. In addition, it differentially impacts those with pre‐existing NCDs and may lead to de novo NCD sequelae. Likely, there will be long‐term effects from this pandemic that will continue to affect practitioners and patients in this field for years to come.