bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tic Disorders in Children with Epilepsy: Effect on Behavior and Quality of Life
Authors: ELagouza I A , Deifalla S M , Hossameldin A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Idiopathic Epilepsy in children is associated with several comorbidities. Tics and other deviant behaviors are some of them which could negatively impact the family quality of life. The current study aimed at comparing quality of life and behavioral test results in children with epilepsy and tics versus those with epilepsy only.

Patients and Methods
Sixty patients with idiopathic epilepsy aged from 4 to 18 years participated in the current study. Group I included 30 patients with idiopathic epilepsy and tic disorders aged 10.1+/-3.2 years and group II 30 with epilepsy only aged 10.1+/-3.1 years. The Arabic version of the Pediatric quality of life inventory 4.0 (PedsQLTM 4.0), the Arabic translation of the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) scores were used and Conner’s parent rating scale were used. The results were compared between the 2 participating groups.

Results
Group I patients had worse total quality of life scores for both the child’s and parent’s scores compared to group II patients (p&lt;0.05). CBCL scores were significantly higher in group I regarding most of the internalizing and externalizing domains yet the total score was non-significantly higher in group I compared to group II (p=0.05). Group I patients had higher total Conner’s score compared to group II; (p=0.045). Furthermore, those with ADHD in group I was 70% compared to 50% in group II.

Conclusion
Tic disorders in the context of idiopathic epilepsy should be addressed seriously as they are associated with other behavioral defects that require intervention to achieve better quality of life.
Health related quality of life of children with chronic liver diseases
Authors: Hassan B M A M , Zaky E A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Chronic liver disease encompasses a wide spectrum of disorders, including infectious, metabolic, genetic, druginduced, idiopathic, structural, and autoimmune diseases. The clinical presentation and initial laboratory data in many of these diseases are similar, and a definitive diagnosis often relies on specialized laboratory investigation and histologic examinationof liver tissue. End-stage liver disease in children presents a challenging array of medical and psychosocial problems for the health care delivery team.
Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is a marker of disease severity.Influence of the liver disease, active medical and psychiatric comorbidities, and socio-demographic variables in the determination of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) measured by a generic and a liver-specific instrument in unselected patients with chronic liver disease revealed that Psychiatric comorbidity and active medical comorbidity, and not severity of the liver disease according to Child-Pugh score,determine reduced HRQOL in patients with chronic liver diseases (Häuser et al., 2004).

Aim
The aim of this study was to assess the influence of chronic liver discease on health-related quality of life (HRQL) of the patients.

Methods
This study was conducted on 32 children with chronic liver disease (17 males ; 15 females) with ages ranging from 6-14 years, following up at the Pediatric Hepatology Clinic,The Children`s Hospital, Ain Shams university.
Cohorts of 15 apparently healthy children (8 males; 7 females) with ages ranging from 5-14 years were also studied as a control group.
All children included in the study were subjected to thorough clinical history and examination and Assessment of Pediatric Quality of Life using PedsQLTM Inventory both Child Self Report and Parent Proxy Report.The PedsQLTM scales comprised of parallel child selfreport and parent-proxy formats.

Results
Statistical comparison between studied groups as regards Health Related Quality of Life assessment among parents shows that the parents` perception of qualityof life total summary score as well as physical, emotional, and school sub-scores were significantly lower among parents of CLD children compared to controls and also showed that the child perception of quality of life total summary score as well as physical, and school subscores were significantly lower among CLD children compared to controls.
Serum Transforming Growth Factor Beta2 and Feeding Intolerance in Premature Formula -Fed versus Breast Milk-fed Neonates
Authors: Ismail R I H , Othman W O A , Abouwarda M A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Serum Transforming Growth Factor Beta2 and Feeding Intolerance in Premature Formula -Fed versus Breast Milk-fed Neonates

Objectives
to assess occurance of feeding intolerance and NEC in relation to serum level of TGF-β2 in breast milk versus preterm formula fed neonates.

Subjects and Methods
a prospective observational study on 80 preterm neonates(≤36weeks gestational age). They were divided to two groups; breast milk fed group(n = 40) and preterm formula fed group(n = 40). They were assessed clinically for feeding intolerance and NEC and laboratory by measurement of TGF-β2 using ELISA technique.

Results
TGF-β2 serum level was significantly lower in preterm formula fed group than breast fed group;median(interquartile) 500(250-3000) pg/ml vs 7750(6500-11250) pg/ml (p &lt; 0.0001). Both primary outcome(feeding intolerance and NEC) and secondary outcome(respiratory support and sepsis) were negatively correlated to TGF-β2 serum level. TGF-β2 serum level below 1250 pg/ml was found to be a good diagnostic test for feeding intolerance with sensitivity of 75.86% and specificity of 96.08%.

Conclusion
low serumTGF-β2 level is a specific marker for feeding intolerance in preterm neonate. Using premature formula in premature neonates is not recommended as it is associated with lower serum TGF-β2 and higher incidence of feeding intolerance compared to breast feeding.
Effect of Vitamin D level on growth velocity of RHGH treated children
Authors: Mouharam W A , Saab A A , Soliman D A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Objective
Recent studies have shown a relationship between vitamin D status, growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor 1 axis. Aims of the study are: 1- To evaluate the vitamin-D blood level in children on substitution treatment with rhGH. 2. To find out correlation between the vitamin D level and growth velocity with rhGH therapy, height, height SDS, height/height SDS after 1 year of treatment

Methods
The study included 173 prepubertal children, with short stature on treatment with rhGH (90 girls and 81 boys), aged between 2 and 10.3 years. To determine vitamin D status we measured serum 1,25-OH vitamin D by taking a single blood sample in the morning, in a fasting stage. Growth velocity over the year of observation, starting height, height SDS, height at the end of the year and its SDS all were calculated and correlated to vitamin D level.

Results
In the present study: 56 patients had vitamin D deficiency (&lt;10 ng/ml); 54 had vitamin D insufficiency (10–20 ng/ml) and 63 had vitamin D sufficiency (&gt;20 ng/ml). No statistical significance correlation was found between vitamin D level and height, height SDS, follow up height, and follow up height SDS (P.09, .066, .455, .927 respectively) Significant positive correlation was found between vitamin D and growth velocity (r .445 and P.0001).

Conclusions
Optimizing vitamin D level in patients with short stature under growth hormone therapy may improve growth velocity and response to growth hormone.
Voice analysis and vocal cord assessment in asthmatic children
Authors: Zaky E A , Fouda E M , Eldesouky H A , Abdhakeem A S 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Aim of work
This is a cross sectional case control study to asses vocal folds abnormalities and voice analysis in asthmatic children to detect subclinical changes and to correlate them with their various clinical and functional grading and level of control.

Methods
the study included 48 asthmatic children (34 males and 14 females ) regularly attending Pediatric chest Clinic, Ain Shams university for follow up.Their median age was 7.8 years ± 2.15 IQR. A 12 age and sex matched healthy children were chosen as control group. For all patients and control the following were done: history taking,General and chest examination, Spirometry Pulmonary functions(FEV1,FVC,), videolaryngoscopy (VLS)and Multidimensional voice analysis (MDVA) .

Results
VideoLaryngoscopy (VLS) of asthmatic patients showed different abnormalities in 26 cases ( 54.2% ).eg Phonatory west 1mm from the middle line(4 cases), Bilateral vocal folds nodules (4 cases), Bilateral thickening of both vocal folds(3 cases), Vocal fold cyst.(4 cases). Asthmatic children with abnormal finding in (VLS) had a statistical significant lower values of FEV1 and MMEF with higher percentage of poor asthma control. Voice analysis showed impairment of voice acoustics in asthmatic children with significant difference between asthmatic and control as regards voice analysis data with significant higher jitter and shimmer dB (measure of voice amplitude and detector of early hoarseness of voice) .

Conclusion
Asthmatic patients may have an associated Laryngeal or vocal folds abnormalities which are considered a comorbid condition and one of the causes of poor asthma control. Voice analysis may help in detection of subclinical hoarseness of voice which may be sequelae of chronic cough or side effects of inhaled steroids.
Glycated Albumin, a Marker for RA associated Coronary Artery Athelosclerosis
Authors: Eskander M R Y , ELsebaie H , Assaf N , Elgharbawy N , Allam L 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Objectives
to detect the value of serum Glycated Albumin measurement as a marker for RA associated coronary artery atherosclerosis and also a marker for RA disease activity.

Patients and Methods
serum GA using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), chemical and immunological markers of RA were measured in 30 RA patients and 15 age and sex matched controls known to have established coronary artery disease. Disease activity was assessed using the DAS-28 score. Carotid ultrasound was done to both groups to measure the carotid IMT.

Results
A significantly higher serum GA level on comparing RA patients and controls (T = 5.096, P &lt; 0.001). Serum GA had a significant positive correlation with ESR (r = 0.546, P &lt; 0.002) and CRP (r = 0.768, P &lt; 0.001), a significant positive correlation with DAS-28 (r = 0.532 , P &lt; 0.002), a significant positive correlation with mean carotid IMT (r = 0.471, P = 0.019). The mean carotid IMT showed a highly significant positive correlation with the disease duration (r = 0.645, P &lt; 0.001), a positive correlation with severe disease activity (r = 0.771, P = 0.015), but negative correlation with mild and moderate disease activity (r = 0.500, P = 0.667) and ( r = 0.452, P = 0.059) respectively. Another significant positive correlation was found between the mean carotid IMT and the LDL (r = 0.408, P = 0.025) but negative correlation with total cholesterol and HDL (r = 0.120, P = 0.527) and (r = -0.250, P = 0.183). On comparing the mean carotid IMT with the presence of soft atheromatous plaque it gave negative results with positive correlation (T = -3.273, P = 0.003)

Conclusion
Serum GA is a specific and sensitive biomarker for detection of subclinical atherosclerosis and disease activity in RA.
Assessment of the Efficacy of Insoles in Treatment of Foot pain in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients
Authors: Elwy M A , Elhilaly R A , Abaza N M , Alubaidy A K 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Customized toot insoles. Were commonly used as a conservative treatment for the foot pain in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) to prevent and control joint damage, and to improve foot function.

Objective
to assess the efficacy of total contact soft foot insoles in treatment of foot pain in RA patients.

Methods
20 RA patients with foot pain were randomized into 10 patient as foot insole group plus physiotherapy and foot exercise and other 10 patients without insole, with only physiotherapy and foot exercise. Foot pain and disability were assessed by visual analogue scale (VAS) and foot function index (FFI%). other parameters to assess foot involvement such as conventional radiography and diagnostic ultrasound and power Doppler ultrasound to assess joint involvement in addition to pedobarography (planter pressure assessment) to measure the static planter peak pressure (SPPP) and dynamic planter peak pressure (DPPP) of both feet.

Results
At the end of the study period analyses were performed on data collected at baseline and after 2 months of randomized clinical trial. Twenty women (mean age, 39.20±5.35years; mean disease duration, 7.68 ± 3.71y-ears) were evaluated, before and after clinical trial. We found highly significant reduced in pain, disability scales and joint inflammation in the insole group more than in non-insole group.

Conclusion
customized total contact foot insole with physiotherapy and foot exercise have a significant positive effect on the pain, disability, joint and soft tissue inflammation and planter pressure distribution.
Study of immediate changes in blood coagulation in an experimental model of ischemia/reperfusion injury of the kidney
Authors: Gamil N M B , Abdelrahman A M , Darwish D A A , Ahmed E 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Ischemia- reperfusion injury (IRI) in the kidney triggers multifaceted network of plasma cascades including the complement, coagulation, kinins, and fibrinolytic system, which play major role in the reperfusion-triggered inflammatory process.

Aim of the work
The aim of the present study was to investigate changes in blood coagulation parameters immediately after ischemia and after ischemia/reperfusion of the kidney in adult rats of both sexes.

Materials and Methods
The study was carried out on 56 adult albino rats of both sexes weighing 160-220 gm. Rats were randomly allocated into 5 experimental groups as follows: Control rat group (C; n = 10). Sham1- operated rat group (SH1; n = 10) subjected to all the procedures of the I rat group except for renal ischemia and were sacrificed after 45 minutes. Ischemic rat group (I; n = 10) subjected to renal ischemia for 45 min, then were sacrificed. Sham 2 operated rat group 2 (SH2; n = 10) subjected to all the procedures of IR – rat group except for renal ischemia and reperfusion and were sacrificed after 1½ hour. Ischemic/reperfusion rat group (IR; n = 10) subjected to renal ischemia for 45 min, then reperfusion for 45 minutes, then were immediately sacrificed. All rats were subjected to estimation of body weight (BW), absolute and relative kidney weights (AKW and RKW), hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (Ht.) values, clotting time, prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (PTT), thrombin time (TT) and serum levels of urea (Ur.) and creatinine (Cr.).

Results
I rat group showed insignificant changes in AKW and RKW, CT, APTT, PT and TT compared to SH1 and C rat groups. However they showed significant elevation in Hb content, Ht. value and serum levels of Ur. and Cr. compared to C rat group. IR rat group showed significant increase in AKW and RKW compared to SH2, I and C rat groups. Also they showed significant increase in Hb. content, Ht. value and serum levels of Ur. and Cr. compared to C rat group. However they showed no significant change in their CT, APTT, PT and TT compared to SH2, I and C rat groups

Conclusion
Coagulation parameters are not changed immediately after kidney ischemic/reperfusion and may not contribute to the immediate pathophysiological changes of ischemic reperfusion injury.
The potential hepatoprotective effect of quercetin on cholestatic liver injury in rats
Authors: Abushady E A , Elagaty S M , Nassef N A , Abdelhamid G S 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
cholestasis is a prevalent health problem associated with liver oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis. Quercetin has been shown to afford a beneficial effect in a variety of liver diseases.

Aim
This study was designed to investigate the potential protective effect of quercetin on liver cholestasis and the possible underlying mechanisms in a rat model of bile duct ligation (BDL).

Design
Experimental study

Methods
This study was carried out on adult male Wister rats which were randomly divided into: Sham, BDL and BDL- quercetin treated (BDL- Q) groups. Quercetin was given by gavage in a dose of 50 mg/kg/day.

Results
Bile duct ligation resulted in a significant increase in serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and liver levels of myeloperoxidase (MPO), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α),and transforming growth factor beta 1(TGF-β1), along with a significant decrease in serum levels of total proteins (TP) and liver glutathione peroxidase(GPX) in BDL group versus sham group. Quercetin treatment significantly lowered serum levels of AST, ALT, ALP, and MPO, TNF-α, and TGF-β1 in liver tissues associated with a significant increase in serum TP and liver GPX in BDL-Q group versus BDL rats. Histological studies revealed enhancement of inflammation and a significant increase in the percentage area of collagen deposition in BDL versus sham group. These changes were attenuated in BDL-Q group compared to BDL rats.

Conclusions
Quercetin alleviated cholestasis induced liver injury and improved liver function possibly via attenuating liver oxidative stress, inflammation and fibrosis.
Possible Protective Effect of Onion Supplementation on Hepatic Functional and Structural Alterations Induced by Cholestasis
Authors: Mohamed A A , Saad D A , Francis M M , Mohamed F A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Cholestasis is the obstruction or the reduction in bile flow that results in intrahepatic accumulation of bile constituents, which progresses to develop liver pathology. Common bile duct ligation (BDL) in rodents is an experimental model of cholestasis that has been carried out in research for many years. BDL model of cholestatic liver injury involves other mechanisms, including oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrogenesis. Antioxidant, antiinflammatory or antiapoptotic properties gained much interest for the amelioration of liver dysfunction.

Aim
the aim of this study is to assess the possible protective effects of onion supplementation on hepatic structural and functional alterations induced by BDL in rats, which reflect the effects of cholestasis resulting from intrahepatic accumulation of bile.

Methods
Thirty adult female Wistar rats were randomly and equally allocated into three groups: (1) control group, (2) BDL group; subjected to ligation of the common bile duct and (3) Onion-supplemented BDL groups (O-BDL). Both control and BDL groups received distilled water (solvent for onion powder) daily by gavage for 4 weeks. Onion-supplemented BDL group (O-BDL); subjected to ligation of the common bile duct and then received 500 mg/kg of onion powder dissolved in distilled water, daily by gavage for 4 weeks. At the end of the experimental period, plasma levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), direct bilirubin, total proteins, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and hepatic tissue level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) were measured for all groups. In addition, histopathological examination of liver tissue samples was performed for the three groups.

Results
Plasma levels of ALT, AST, ALP, direct bilirubin, TNF-α and hepatic tissue levels of MDA and TGF-β were significantly increased and TAC was significantly decreased in the BDL group compared to the control group. In addition, altered architecture was detected in hepatic tissue samples of BDL group. Onion supplementation significantly decreased the plasma levels of ALT, AST, ALP, direct bilirubin, TNF-α and hepatic tissue levels of MDA and TGF-β in the O-BDL group when compared to the BDL group. Total proteins level was not significantly different among all the studied groups. In addition in O-BDL group, histopathological examination of liver revealed near normal structure of hepatic tissue.

Conclusion
BDL induces hepatic structural alterations and functional disturbances. Onion supplementation inhibits inflammation and oxidative insults that associate BDL, and subsequently protects against BDL-induced liver injury.
Aortae of Young Rats with Metabolic Syndrome Exhibit Enhanced Vasoconstrictor Activity Than Older Rats
Authors: Ali R H , Gamil N M B , Abdelrahman A M , Ahmed M A , Megahed G K , Abdelwahed D M 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) causes pathological remodeling of the heart and adjacent vessels. The functional changes in the big vessels in different age groups had not been fully delineated.

Aim of the work
The present study was planned to investigate aortic vasodilator and vasoconstrictor reactivity in young, adult and old female rats with MetS.
Design: The experimental study was performed on 90 female albino rats randomized into 6 groups: young, adult and old rats with MetS and their respective control groups.

Methods
MetS was induced by feeding rats 41% fructose -containing diet and giving fructose solution (5 g fructose in 4 ml distilled water/day) by gavage in two sessions (2 ml/session). On the 8th week, all rats were sacrificed and were subjected to determination of body weight (BW), body mass index (BMI), absolute and relative visceral fat weight (VF), fasting blood glucose (FBG), plasma insulin (PI), homeostasis model of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and plasma lipid profile. All rats’ aortae were subjected to study of vascular reactivity to Potassium chloride (KCL), phenylephrine (PE) and acetyl choline (A.Ch) as well as estimation of nitrite content.

Results
On the 8th week of the study, all MetS groups developed criteria of metabolic syndrome as evidenced by the significant increase in final BW, BMI, absolute and relative VF weights, FBG, PI and HOMA-IR compared to their control group values. Also, MetS rat groups exhibited evident dyslipidemia in the form of significant increase in plasma levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol and significant decrease in HDL-cholesterol compared to their control group values. Aortae of young and adult MetS rat groups showed significant increase in their vasoconstrictor response to KCl and PE and decrease in A.Ch/KCL% and A.Ch/PE % compared to their controls, while old MetS rat group showed significantly increased vasoconstrictor response only to KCL compared to their controls. When compared to each other, young age MetS group had significantly higher vasoconstrictor response to PE compared to old MetS group despite comparable nitrite content.

Conclusion
Met.S causes functional vascular changes in all age groups with unexpectedly enhanced vasoconstrictor response in the young group compared to old.