bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detecting device and technology of pavement texture depth based on high precision 3D laser scanning technology
Authors: Liang Jia , Gu Xingyu , Deng Hanyu , Ni Fujian 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The pavement means texture depth (MTD) is part of the most significant indexes to the characteristics of the pavement macrostructure. Traditional measuring MTD methods are easily impacted by the human factors with inefficiency and low-accuracy. In order to realize the automatic detection of the MTD, a high precision asphalt pavement MTD detection system is built based on three-dimensional line laser scanning, and a MTD calculation method based on the line laser three-dimensional (3-D) data is proposed. Firstly, the 3-D elevation data are extracted from the obtained linear structure light images. Secondly, a denoising algorithm based on two-way standard deviation filter is presented for the 3-D elevation data. Finally, a MTD calculation method based on the line laser 3-D elevation data is designed. The MTD of five asphalt specimens with different roughness was measured by the calculation method designed in this study and sand patch measurements, respectively, and the results were comparable. The research demonstrates that the error between the calculation result of this algorithm and that of sand patch measurements is not more than 5%, which further proves the feasibility of this algorithm.
The dilemma and situation of detention pond in terms of extreme climate - a case study of Baoyeli detention pond
Authors: Hsueh Min-chia , Hsueh Yao-shun 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Constructing detention ponds to prevent flood has become a trend in recent years, but the utility of detention pond is yet to be confirmed. Therefore, in this study, we investigate detention pond’s function in terms of flood solving by analyzing the rainfall data, and comprehending the dilemma of detention pond in technology, also, we interview the user of detention pond to know the ordeal of detention pond in politic. We discover that detention pond is very effective in making up for the weaknesses in the drainage system, however, detention pond isn’t very effective in improving the overall flood control capacity of the drainage system. Furthermore, government needs to outreach policies to solve misunderstanding of public on infrastructures.
Prediction of the impact of friction’s coefficient in cylindrical deep drawing for AA2090 Al-Li alloy using FEM and Taguchi approach
Authors: Bouchaâla K , Ghanameh M F , Faqir M , Mada M , Essadiqi E 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
To produce different cups from sheet metal, deep drawing is a vital process demanded by different industries such as automobile, aeronautics and so on. The comprehension of the process’s mechanics led to the correct determination of the factors which affect the deep drawing results. Experimental tests and numerical simulations are two significant ways for analysing the deep drawing process. Experimental tests are beneficial in studying the process to control the defect of the final product. However, to gain time and substantially reduce costs the numerical modelling became a common method which could be investigate the deep drawing technique through all steps of deformation. The Coulomb friction in contact regions is one of the most influencing parameters during deep drawing. This research emphasizes the influence of friction coefficient on deep drawing in three different regions: between blank surface and punch, blank surface and die, and blank surface and blank holder. For this purpose, a 3D Finite Element Model of AA2090 Al-Li alloy was carried out to simulate the process using ABAQUS software with A combination of the statistical approach based on Taguchi Techniques in order to predict the impact of friction coefficient Thickness variation have been studied, and the thinning region have been analysing for a cylindrical deep drawing process the results obtained were used as imputes of Taguchi method and the most appropriate combination of the Coulomb friction in the three regions concerning AA2090 Al-Li alloy was found.
Modelling of a semi-active vehicle suspension implemented with magneto-rheological dampers
Authors: Genov Julian 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This paper describes a procedure for a simulation design aimed to achieve improved performance of the vehicle suspension, using magneto-rheological (MR) semi-active dampers. It is used a spatial so-called “Full car”-model of the vehicle. The model of the kinematic excitations from the unevenness of the road pavement is described in detail. The function of the MR damper is represented by linear and non-linear analytical models. Based on them, is obtained and its inverse neural-network model needed for the suspension control purposes.
Adjustment parameters of an internal combustion engine working with methane
Authors: Dimitrov R , Bogdanov K , Wrobel R , Serrano L , Mihaylov V 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The paper presents a study of the variation of ignition advance when the engine works with methane and a comparison with values when the engine runs on gasoline. It is known that methane has a lower burning velocity than gasoline, and therefore, to obtain a maximal efficiency from the working process (the maximum value of cylinder pressure pz
should be 7-15 degrees after TDC), ignition advance should be increased, as for different operating regimes this angle should be increased with different values. A gasoline engine has been studied and were measured and analysed the ignition advance at work with gasoline and methane, with optimal air-fuel ratio (α) for both fuels. Three-dimensional graphics of ignition advance variation across the rpm and load range were made. In conclusion, on the basis of the experiments, a table is produced, which presents the values of coefficients for change of base parameters of ignition advance for all engine operating modes, in dependence on rpm and load of the engine.
Reliability and availability assessment of a transport system using Dynamic Fault Tree and Monte Carlo simulation
Authors: Szkoda Maciej , Kaczor Grzegorz , Satora Magdalena 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Ensuring a high level of reliability of the transport system is one of the most important issues related to the proper functioning of this system. It is concerned with the delivery of the transported goods on time and in accordance with recipient’s order specification. The means of transport used in the delivery process are exposed to many external factors that may affect the reliability and safety of supply. Therefore, modelling and assessing the reliability of these systems requires the use of appropriate calculation methods that take into account complex scenarios reflecting the conditions of actual operation and maintenance. The presented paper concerns the application of Dynamic Fault Tree (DFT) together with Monte Carlo simulation to assess the selected reliability and availability indicators for the given transport system. The assessment of reliability was done based on the typical probabilistic models for analysis of the time to failure and the time to repair assigned to the selected components. The proposed approach allows detecting the weakest components of the transport system and is the basis for the development of preventive maintenance tasks. The presented model of the transport system can be further developed and adapted to needs of the specific system.
Analysis of the load on the taxi system in a medium-sized city
Authors: Grozev D , Milchev M , Georgiev I 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In this research, the carriage of taxi drivers is considered by means of the queue theory. The study of the taxi system found out that the number of servers was too large. This results in low efficiency of taxi cars. The purpose of this study is to analyse the workload of the working servers in terms of their number within one day. An application was created in Matlab environment, which solves the problem and allows to evaluate the effect of this solution. The result of this research recognizes the need for reducing the number of working taxi vehicles by half or keeping their number but reducing their load factor variation between 11% and 19%.
Peculiarities of the fracture upon tensile deformation of hypoeutectic silumin samples after irradiation with an intensive pulse electron beam digital image correlation method
Authors: Ivanov Yu F , Ustinov A M , Klopotov A A , Zagulyaev D V , Petrikova E A , Abzaev Yu A. , Vlasov Yu A , Loskutov O M 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The deformation behavior of non-irradiated and irradiated (with an intense pulsed electron beam) samples of hypoeutectic silumin ASTMB179-92A has been investigated. The distribution of localized plasticity foci in the near-surface layers of the samples has been studied. The dependence on the state of the material (non-irradiated and irradiated samples) and the distribution of deformation fields on the surface of silumin ASTMB179-92A under tension have been revealed. A correlation between deformation stages and the evolution pattern of spatial foci of the localized deformation has been established, and the staging of deformation curves has been revealed on the non-radiated samples. It has been shown that staging of the deformation process does not manifest itself on deformation curves of the irradiated samples. Deformation curves are characterized by a parabolic functional dependence σ=f(ε). It has been established that irradiation with an intense pulsed electron beam leads to hardening of samples, and fracture is observed at higher values than on non-radiated samples. A significant deformation localization in the region corresponding to the nucleation of the crack appears at stresses close to brittle failure of samples under tension.
Magnetocaloric effect in thin magnetic films γ-Fe2O3
Authors: Urinov X O , Jumanov X A , Mirzokulov Kh B , Xidirov A M , Bolbekov M A , Jumaboyev T A , Urinov J O 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In this paper, we studied the thermal properties of thin films associated with significant difficulties caused by their small volume. Nevertheless, this problem provides undoubted interest, since calorimetric studies can provide useful information about the thermometric properties of films, phase transformations in them. The problem can be solved by using materials phase transition the metal-insulator in thermal contact with the sample as heat-sensitive elements of the films. The theory of the magnetocaloric effect in uniaxial and polycrystalline ferromagnets taking into account the rotation of magnetization is presented. The issues of creation of new refrigerating machines using the magnetocaloric effect are discussed. The magnetocaloric effect in magnetically ordered single crystals is studied taking into account the processes of magnetization rotation. An expression for the magnetocaloric effect in a ferromagnetic polycrystal is obtained, which well describes the experimental results.
The Matter of Time
Authors: Seikaly Sherene 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
A century after the victorious Allied powers distributed their spoils of victory in 1919, the world still lives with the geopolitical consequences of the mandates system established by the League of Nations. The Covenant article authorizing the new imperial dispensation came cloaked in the old civilizationist discourse, entrusting sovereignty over “peoples not yet able to stand by themselves under the strenuous conditions of the modern world” to the “advanced nations” of Belgium, England, France, Japan, and South Africa. In this series of “reflections” on the mandates, ten scholars of Europe, Africa, the Middle East, Asia, and the international order consider the consequences of the new geopolitical order birthed by World War I. How did the reshuffling of imperial power in the immediate postwar period configure long-term struggles over minority rights, decolonization, and the shape of nation-states when the colonial era finally came to a close? How did the alleged beneficiaries—more often the victims—of this “sacred trust” grasp their own fates in a world that simultaneously promised and denied them the possibility of self-determination? From Palestine, to Namibia, to Kurdistan, and beyond, the legacies of the mandatory moment remain pressing questions today.
Measurement of renal functional response using iohexol clearance—a study of different outpatient procedures
Authors: Lillås Bjørn Steinar , Tøndel Camilla , Gjerde Anna , Vikse Bjørn Egil 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundGlomerular filtration rate (GFR) increases after a heavy protein load; an increase termed renal functional response (RFR). Decreased RFR could be a marker of early kidney damage, but published methods are cumbersome in the outpatient setting. The present study investigates the use of iohexol clearance to measure RFR in outpatients using both one- and two-sample methods.MethodsFourteen healthy volunteers with a mean ± SD age of 42 ± 12 years were included (six males and eight females). GFR was measured using plasma iohexol clearance with one- and two-sample methodologies. Four measurements in each individual were performed: one baseline test and three protein loading tests containing 80 g protein (commercially available protein supplementations from Myo Nutrition and Proteinfabrikken and 350 g chicken breast). RFR was calculated as percentage increase in GFR from the baseline test.ResultsMean RFR was 11.4 ± 5.4% and 12.1 ± 6.4% using one- and two-sample methods, respectively. The three different protein loads resulted in similar mean RFR but there was considerable intra-individual variability. One- and two-sample methods for measurement of RFR showed similar results with near-identical means, but there was some intra-individual variation that was similar for different protein loads. The overall 95% limit of agreement between one- and two-sample methods for calculating RFR was −8.7 to 7.3.ConclusionsRFR can be investigated using plasma iohexol clearance in an outpatient setting. Protocols using commercially available protein supplementation showed a mean RFR of about 12%. One- and two-sample methods for measuring RFR yield similar results.
Minimally invasive versus standard extracorporeal circulation system in minimally invasive aortic valve surgery: a propensity score-matched study
Authors: Berretta Paolo , Cefarelli Mariano , Montecchiani Luca , Alfonsi Jacopo , Vessella Walter , Zahedi Mohammad Hossein , Carozza Roberto , Munch Christopher , Di Eusanio Marco 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
The impact of minimally invasive extracorporeal circulation (MiECC) systems on the clinical outcomes of patients undergoing minimally invasive aortic valve replacement (MI-AVR) has still to be defined. This study compared in-hospital and 1 year outcomes of MI-AVR interventions using MiECC systems versus conventional extracorporeal circulation (c-ECC).

METHODS
Data from 288 consecutive patients undergoing primary isolated MI-AVR using MiECC (n = 102) or c-ECC (n = 186) were prospectively collected. Treatment selection bias was addressed by the use of propensity score matching (MiECC vs c-ECC). After propensity score matching, 2 groups of 93 patients each were created.

RESULTS
Compared with c-ECC, MiECC was associated with a higher rate of autologous priming (82.4% vs 0%; P < 0.001) and a greater nadir haemoglobin (9.3 vs 8.7 g/dl; P = 0.021) level and haematocrit (27.9% vs 26.4%; P = 0.023). Patients who had MiECC were more likely to receive ultra-fast-track management (60.8% vs 26.9%; P < 0.001) and less likely to receive blood transfusions (32.7% vs 44%; P = 0.04). The in-hospital mortality rate was 1.1% in the MiECC group and 0% in the c-ECC group (P = 0.5). Those in the MiECC group had reduced rates of bleeding requiring revision (0% vs 5.3%; P = 0.031) and postoperative atrial fibrillation (AF) (30.1% vs 44.1%; P = 0.034). The 1-year survival rate was 96.8% and 97.5% for MiECC and c-ECC patients, respectively (P = 0.4).

CONCLUSIONS
MiECC systems were a safe and effective tool in patients who had MI-AVR. Compared with c-ECC, MiECC promotes ultra-fast-track management and provides better clinical outcomes as regards bleeding, blood transfusions and postoperative AF. Thus, by reducing surgical injury and promoting faster recovery, MiECC may further validate MI-AVR interventions.
Left ventricular wall thickness assessed by cardiac computed tomography and cardiac resynchronization therapy outcomes
Authors: Galand Vincent , Ghoshhajra Brian , Szymonifka Jackie , Das Saumya , Orencole Mary , Barré Valentin , Martins Raphaël P , Leclercq Christophe , Hung Judy , Truong Quynh A , Singh Jagmeet P 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Aims
Up to 30% of selected heart failure patients do not benefit clinically from cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). Left ventricular (LV) wall thickness (WT) analysed using computed tomography (CT) has rarely been evaluated in response to CRT and mitral regurgitation (MR) improvement. We examined the association of LVWT and the ability to reverse LV remodelling and MR improvement after CRT.

Methods and results
Fifty-four patients scheduled for CRT underwent pre-procedural CT. Reduced LVWT was defined as WT &lt;6 mm and quantified as a percentage of total LV area. Endpoints were 6-month clinical and echocardiographic response to CRT [New York Heart Association (NYHA) class, LV ejection fraction (LVEF), LV end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), and LV end-systolic volume (LVESV)], MR improvement and 2-year major adverse cardiac events (MACE). Patients were divided into three groups according to the percentage of LVWT &lt;6 mm area: ≤20%, 20–50%, and ≥50%. At 6 months, 75%, 71%, and 42% of the patients experienced NYHA improvement in the ≤20%, 20–50%, and ≥50% group, respectively. Additionally, ≤20% group presented higher LVEF, LVEDV, and LVESV positive response rate (86%, 59%, and 83%, respectively). Both 20–50% and ≥50% groups exhibited a lower LVEF, LVEDV, and LVESV positive response rate (52% and 42%; 47% and 45%; and 53% and 45%, respectively). Additionally, ≥25% of LVWT &lt;6 mm inclusive of at least one papillary muscle insertion was the only predictor of lack of MR improvement. Lastly, ≥50% group experienced significantly lower 2-year MACE survival free probability.

Conclusion
WT evaluated using CT could help to stratify the response to CRT and predict MR improvement and outcomes.

Clinical trial registration
NCT01097733.
Toward a dynamic capability theory of economic growth
Authors: Sainsbury David 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
New theories of economic growth that are policy-relevant and connect with the histories of success and failure in economic development are urgently needed. This article compares the neoclassical (or market efficiency) school of thought with the production-capability school of thought which included Alexander Hamilton, Friedrich List, and Joseph Schumpeter. Many affirmative, industrial policy steps by governments to promote economic development have been historically recorded—including in the UK and the United States. Meanwhile the neoclassical school has ignored the role of government in helping to create competitive advantage. It has also chosen to ignore how firms are formed, how technologies are acquired, and how industries emerge. The dynamic capability theory of economic growth developed here assigns the central role in economic growth to firms but also an important role to governments. The rate at which a country’s economy grows depends critically on whether its firms can build the capabilities to generate and take advantage of “windows of opportunity” that exist for innovation and new markets, and whether over time they are able to enhance their capabilities to move into higher value-added activities.1
How to minimize air embolisms during thoracic endovascular aortic repair with Relay Pro?
Authors: Rylski Bartosz , Mayer Florian , Beyersdorf Friedhelm , Kondov Stoyan , Kolowca Maciej , Kreibich Maximilian , Czerny Martin 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the volume of air released from Relay Pro NBS thoracic stent grafts using different de-airing methods. The gas volume was measured in an in vitro experimental setting. Stent grafts were de-aired via (i) standard saline flushing (40 ml), (ii) increased volume saline flushing (120 ml), (iii) carbon dioxide followed by 40 ml saline flushing and (iv) de-airing with 40 ml of saline in an ultrasound bath. The volume of gas released was measured separately while introducing the folded stent graft in the delivery device into the simulated aorta (step 1) and while deploying it outside the delivery device (step 2). Median air volumes released during steps 1 and 2 after flushing with 40 ml of saline were 0.09 (1st–3rd quartile 0.06–0.21) and 0.14 (0.11–0.15) ml, respectively. The volume of air released during step 2 was significantly less [0.09 (0.08–0.10) ml] after de-airing with 120 ml saline (P = 0.049). Neither de-airing with carbon dioxide nor in an ultrasonic bath led to a reduction in the volume of gas released during step 2. Air remaining after de-airing with a standard 40 ml of saline was released partially during stent graft introduction into the aorta and partially during final deployment. The most effective method of reducing air volume was de-airing with increased saline volume.
Sex-specific outcome after minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass for single-vessel disease
Authors: Friedrich Christine , Berndt Rouven , Haneya Assad , Rusch René , Petzina Rainer , Freitag-Wolf Sandra , Cremer Joachim , Hoffmann Grischa 
Published: October 2019

AbstractOBJECTIVESFemale gender is reported as an independent risk factor for a poor outcome after coronary artery bypass grafting. We analysed the influence of gender on surgical outcome in patients with single-vessel disease undergoing minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass (MIDCAB).METHODSFrom January 1998 to December 2016, a total of 607 consecutive patients with single-vessel disease (31.9% women) underwent MIDCAB at our institution. Major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) were recorded during a median follow-up period of 8.0 years. Survival time was estimated for all patients and after applying propensity score matching (138 women vs 138 men). Multivariable Cox regression analysis identified risk factors predicting a long-term mortality rate.RESULTSIn women, a longer surgical time (125 vs 113 min; P &lt; 0.001) and a higher transfusion rate were recorded (13.0% vs 5.1%; P = 0.001) with similar rates of in-hospital deaths (1.0% vs 0.5%; P = 0.60) and MACCE (1.5% vs 0.7%; P = 0.39). Survival and MACCE-free survival during the follow-up period did not differ significantly between genders (P = 1.0, P = 0.36). Survival and MACCE-free survival rates after 5 years were 94% and 90% in women compared to 91% and 86% in men. Propensity score matching demonstrated improved long-term survival rates in women (P = 0.029). Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, postoperative atrial fibrillation and prolonged intensive care unit stay were associated with long-term deaths for both genders, whereas obesity, former myocardial infarction and preoperative atrial fibrillation were significant risk factors in men.CONCLUSIONSFemale patients showed no adverse outcomes after MIDCAB, although risk factors were gender-specific. Overall, MIDCAB demonstrated excellent short- and long-term results as a treatment for single-vessel disease in both genders.