bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Distinct acute effects of LSD, MDMA, and d-amphetamine in healthy subjects
Authors: Holze Friederike , Vizeli Patrick , Müller Felix , Ley Laura , Duerig Raoul , Varghese Nimmy , Eckert Anne , Borgwardt Stefan , Liechti Matthias E. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractLysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) is a classic psychedelic, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) is an empathogen, and d-amphetamine is a classic stimulant. All three substances are used recreationally. LSD and MDMA are being investigated as medications to assist psychotherapy, and d-amphetamine is used for the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. All three substances induce distinct acute subjective effects. However, differences in acute responses to these prototypical psychoactive substances have not been characterized in a controlled study. We investigated the acute autonomic, subjective, and endocrine effects of single doses of LSD (0.1 mg), MDMA (125 mg), d-amphetamine (40 mg), and placebo in a randomized, double-blind, cross-over study in 28 healthy subjects. All of the substances produced comparable increases in hemodynamic effects, body temperature, and pupil size, indicating equivalent autonomic responses at the doses used. LSD and MDMA increased heart rate more than d-amphetamine, and d-amphetamine increased blood pressure more than LSD and MDMA. LSD induced significantly higher ratings on the 5 Dimensions of Altered States of Consciousness scale and Mystical Experience Questionnaire than MDMA and d-amphetamine. LSD also produced greater subjective drug effects, ego dissolution, introversion, emotional excitation, anxiety, and inactivity than MDMA and d-amphetamine. LSD also induced greater impairments in subjective ratings of concentration, sense of time, and speed of thinking compared with MDMA and d-amphetamine. MDMA produced greater ratings of good drug effects, liking, high, and ego dissolution compared with d-amphetamine. d-Amphetamine increased ratings of activity and concentration compared with LSD. MDMA but not LSD or d-amphetamine increased plasma concentrations of oxytocin. None of the substances altered plasma concentrations of brain-derived neurotrophic factor. These results indicate clearly distinct acute effects of LSD, MDMA, and d-amphetamine and may assist the dose-finding in substance-assisted psychotherapy research.
Upregulation of histamine receptor H1 promotes tumor progression and contributes to poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Zhao Jing , Hou Yiran , Yin Chun , Hu Jing , Gao Tian , Huang Xiaojun , Zhang Xiaohong , Xing Jinliang , An Jiaze , Wan Shaogui , Li Jibin 
Published: November 2019

AbstractH1 histamine receptor (H1HR) belongs to the family of rhodopsin-like G-protein-coupled receptors. Recent studies have shown that H1HR expression is increased in several types of cancer. However, its functional roles in tumor progression remain largely unknown, especially in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We found that H1HR is frequently unregulated in HCC, which is significantly associated with both recurrence-free survival and overall survival in HCC patients. Functional experiments revealed that H1HR promoted both the growth and metastasis of HCC cells by inducing cell cycle progression, formation of lamellipodia, production of matrix metalloproteinase 2, and suppression of cell apoptosis. Activation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate-dependent protein kinase A was found to be involved in H1HR-mediated HCC cell growth and metastasis. In addition, we found that overexpression of H1HR was mainly due to the downregulation of miR-940 in HCC cells. Moreover, the H1HR inhibitor terfenadine significantly suppressed tumor growth and metastasis in an HCC xenograft nude mice model. Our findings demonstrate that H1HR plays a critical role in the growth and metastasis of HCC cells, which provides experimental evidence supporting H1HR as a potential drug target for the treatment of HCC.
Mitochondrial deficits in human iPSC-derived neurons from patients with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome and schizophrenia
Authors: Li Jianping , Ryan Sean K. , Deboer Erik , Cook Kieona , Fitzgerald Shane , Lachman Herbert M. , Wallace Douglas C. , Goldberg Ethan M. , Anderson Stewart A. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractSchizophrenia (SZ) is a highly heterogeneous disorder in both its symptoms and risk factors. One of the most prevalent genetic risk factors for SZ is the hemizygous microdeletion at chromosome 22q11.2 (22q11DS) that confers a 25-fold increased risk. Six of the genes directly disrupted in 22qDS encode for mitochondrial-localizing proteins. Here, we test the hypothesis that stem cell-derived neurons from subjects with the 22q11DS and SZ have mitochondrial deficits relative to typically developing controls. Human iPSCs from four lines of affected subjects and five lines of controls were differentiated into forebrain-like excitatory neurons. In the patient group, we find significant reductions of ATP levels that appear to be secondary to reduced activity in oxidative phosphorylation complexes I and IV. Protein products of mitochondrial-encoded genes are also reduced. As one of the genes deleted in the 22q11.2 region is MRPL40, a component of the mitochondrial ribosome, we generated a heterozygous mutation of MRPL40 in a healthy control iPSC line. Relative to its isogenic control, this line shows similar deficits in mitochondrial DNA-encoded proteins, ATP level, and complex I and IV activity. These results suggest that in the 22q11DS MRPL40 heterozygosity leads to reduced mitochondria ATP production secondary to altered mitochondrial protein levels. Such defects could have profound effects on neuronal function in vivo.
Donor selection for a second allogeneic stem cell transplantation in AML patients relapsing after a first transplant: a study of the Acute Leukemia Working Party of EBMT
Authors: Shimoni Avichai , Labopin Myriam , Finke Jürgen , Ciceri Fabio , Deconinck Eric , Kröger Nicolaus , Gramatzki Martin , Stelljes Matthias , Blaise Didier , Stoelzel Friedrich , Chevallier Patrice , Holler Ernst , Fegueux Nathalie , Mohty Mohamad , Nagler Arnon 
Published: November 2019

AbstractSecond allogeneic stem-cell transplantation (SCT2) is a therapeutic option for patients with AML relapsing after a first transplant. Prior studies have shown similar results after SCT2 from the same or different donor; however, there are limited data on second non-T-depleted haplo-identical transplant in this setting. We retrospectively analyzed SCT2 outcomes in 556 patients, median age 46 years, relapsing after first transplant given in CR1. Patients were divided into three groups based on SCT2 donor (donor2): same donor (n = 163, sib/sib-112, UD/UD-51), different matched donor (n = 305, sib/different sib-44, sib/UD-93, UD/different UD-168), or haplo-donor (n = 88, sib/haplo-45, UD/haplo-43). Two-year leukemia-free survival (LFS) rate after SCT2 was 23.5%, 23.7%, and 21.8%, respectively (P = 0.30). Multivariate analysis showed no effect of donor2 type on relapse: hazard ratio (HR) 0.89 (P = 0.57) and 1.11 (P = 0.68) for different donor and haplo-donor compared to same donor, respectively. However, donor2 did predict for non-relapse mortality (NRM) after SCT2: HR 1.21 (P = 0.50) and 2.08 (P = 0.03), respectively, and for LFS: HR 1.00 (P = 0.97) and 1.43 (P = 0.07), respectively. In conclusion, SCT2 with the same or different matched donor is associated with similar outcomes in patients with relapsed AML. Non-T-depleted haplo-identical transplant may be associated with higher NRM, similar relapse rate and with no better results in this setting.
Controlled nonlinear magnetic damping in spin-Hall nano-devices
Authors: Divinskiy Boris , Urazhdin Sergei , Demokritov Sergej O. , Demidov Vladislav E. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractLarge-amplitude magnetization dynamics is substantially more complex compared to the low-amplitude linear regime, due to the inevitable emergence of nonlinearities. One of the fundamental nonlinear phenomena is the nonlinear damping enhancement, which imposes strict limitations on the operation and efficiency of magnetic nanodevices. In particular, nonlinear damping prevents excitation of coherent magnetization auto-oscillations driven by the injection of spin current into spatially extended magnetic regions. Here, we propose and experimentally demonstrate that nonlinear damping can be controlled by the ellipticity of magnetization precession. By balancing different contributions to anisotropy, we minimize the ellipticity and achieve coherent magnetization oscillations driven by spatially extended spin current injection into a microscopic magnetic disk. Our results provide a route for the implementation of efficient active spintronic and magnonic devices driven by spin current.
Crowd-sourcing materials-science challenges with the NOMAD 2018 Kaggle competition
Authors: Sutton Christopher , Ghiringhelli Luca M. , Yamamoto Takenori , Lysogorskiy Yury , Blumenthal Lars , Hammerschmidt Thomas , Golebiowski Jacek R. , Liu Xiangyue , Ziletti Angelo , Scheffler Matthias 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA public data-analytics competition was organized by the Novel Materials Discovery (NOMAD) Centre of Excellence and hosted by the online platform Kaggle by using a dataset of 3,000 (AlxGayIn1–x–y)2O3 compounds. Its aim was to identify the best machine-learning (ML) model for the prediction of two key physical properties that are relevant for optoelectronic applications: the electronic bandgap energy and the crystalline formation energy. Here, we present a summary of the top-three ranked ML approaches. The first-place solution was based on a crystal-graph representation that is novel for the ML of properties of materials. The second-place model combined many candidate descriptors from a set of compositional, atomic-environment-based, and average structural properties with the light gradient-boosting machine regression model. The third-place model employed the smooth overlap of atomic position representation with a neural network. The Pearson correlation among the prediction errors of nine ML models (obtained by combining the top-three ranked representations with all three employed regression models) was examined by using the Pearson correlation to gain insight into whether the representation or the regression model determines the overall model performance. Ensembling relatively decorrelated models (based on the Pearson correlation) leads to an even higher prediction accuracy.
Ecdysteroids are present in the blood of wild passerine birds
Authors: Hornok Sándor , Csorba Attila , Kováts Dávid , Csörgő Tibor , Hunyadi Attila 
Published: November 2019

AbstractEcdysteroids (arthropod molting hormones) play an important role in the development and sexual maturation of arthropods, and they have been shown to have anabolic and “energizing” effect in higher vertebrates. The aim of this study was to assess ecdysteroid diversity, levels according to bird species and months, as well as to observe the molting status of hard ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) infesting the birds. Therefore, blood samples and ticks were collected from 245 birds (244 songbirds and a quail). Mass spectrometric analyses showed that 15 ecdysteroids were regularly present in the blood samples. Molting hormones biologically most active in insects (including 20-hydroxyecdysone [20E], 2deoxy-20E, ajugasterone C and dacryhainansterone) reached different levels of concentration according to bird species and season. Similarly to ecdysteroids, the seasonal presence of affected, apolytic ticks peaked in July and August. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the presence of a broad range and high concentrations of ecdysteroids in the blood stream of wild-living passerine birds. These biologically active, anabolic compounds might possibly contribute to the known high metabolic rate of songbirds.
Systematic mutation analysis in rare colorectal cancer presenting ovarian metastases
Authors: Park Sungjin , Ahn Hee Kyung , Lee Dae Ho , Jung YunJae , Jeong Joo-Won , Nam Seungyoon , Lee Won-Suk 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAlthough colorectal cancer is one of the most lethal cancer types in the world, its metastasis to the ovary is rare, compared to metastasis to other organs. Consequently, the genomic basis for colon-to-ovary metastasis remains unstudied, due to limited available patients, and thus there have been no attempts to construct individual-specific networks. Due to its rarity, the small sample size makes common mutations difficult to find. To overcome this problem, we herein attempted to apply a biological connectivity map called a sample-specific network (SSN), to reveal common biological functions in three samples. Our three samples were compared to a clinical dataset contained in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) Colorectal Adenocarcinoma (COAD), showing different mutational spectra, compared to matched samples based on age, gender, microsatellite instability (MSI) status, and tumor, node, metastasis (TNM) stage. The SSNs for the three samples revealed significant correlations of the mutation statuses of several apoptosis genes, in contrast to the TCGA-matched samples. Further analysis of a targeted-gene panel sequencing dataset for colon-to-ovary metastasis of primary tumor samples also confirmed significant correlations of the mutational statuses among apoptosis genes. In summary, using SSN, we successfully identified a common function (apoptosis) among our three patients having colon-to-ovary metastasis, despite no common mutations in the three patients. Such computational analyses could facilitate productive study of rare cancers and other diseases.
Effect of inoculated azotobacteria and Phanerochaete chrysosporium on the composting of olive pomace: Microbial community dynamics and phenols evolution
Authors: Milanović Vesna , Osimani Andrea , Cardinali Federica , Taccari Manuela , Garofalo Cristiana , Clementi Francesca , Ashoor Selim , Mozzon Massimo , Foligni Roberta , Canonico Laura , Ciani Maurizio , Aquilanti Lucia 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe effect of inoculated azotobacteria and basidiomycetes white-rot fungi on the population dynamics of bacteria and eumycetes during the co-composting of olive mill pomace and wheat straw was evaluated by Polymerase Chain Reaction-Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) analysis combined with sequencing of rRNA gene amplicons from selected DGGE bands. The evolution of pH, temperature, phytotoxicity and water-soluble phenol content during co-composting was also monitored. In general, a similar evolution of microbial biodiversity was seen in both the inoculated and uninoculated (control) piles, which was in keeping with a similar evolution of phytotoxicity and water-soluble phenol content. Overall, under the conditions applied, data suggest a marginal influence of the inoculated starters on the physical, chemical and microbiological properties of compost piles, with the resident microbiota playing a major role.
Mixed-Cropping Between Field Pea Varieties Alters Root Bacterial and Fungal Communities
Authors: Horner Anthony , Browett Samuel S. , Antwis Rachael E. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractModern agricultural practices have vastly increased crop production but negatively affected soil health. As such, there is a call to develop sustainable, ecologically-viable approaches to food production. Mixed-cropping of plant varieties can increase yields, although impacts on plant-associated microbial communities are unclear, despite their critical role in plant health and broader ecosystem function. We investigated how mixed-cropping between two field pea (Pisum sativum L.) varieties (Winfreda and Ambassador) influenced root-associated microbial communities and yield. The two varieties supported significantly different fungal and bacterial communities when grown as mono-crops. Mixed-cropping caused changes in microbial communities but with differences between varieties. Root bacterial communities of Winfreda remained stable in response to mixed-cropping, whereas those of Ambassador became more similar to Winfreda. Conversely, root fungal communities of Ambassador remained stable under mixed-cropping, and those of Winfreda shifted towards the composition of Ambassador. Microbial co-occurrence networks of both varieties were stronger and larger under mixed-cropping, which may improve stability and resilience in agricultural soils. Both varieties produced slightly higher yields under mixed-cropping, although overall Ambassador plants produced higher yields than Winfreda plants. Our results suggest that variety diversification may increase yield and promote microbial interactions.
Stratifying risk of acute kidney injury in pre and post cardiac surgery patients using a novel biomarker-based algorithm and clinical risk score
Authors: McBride William T. , Kurth Mary Jo , McLean Gavin , Domanska Anna , Lamont John V. , Maguire Daniel , Watt Joanne , Fitzgerald Peter , Young Ian , Joseph Jijin , Ruddock Mark W. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAcute kidney injury (AKI) following cardiac surgery significantly increases morbidity and mortality risks. Improving existing clinical methods of identifying patients at risk of perioperative AKI may advance management and treatment options. This study investigated whether a combination of biomarkers and clinical factors pre and post cardiac surgery could stratify patients at risk of developing AKI. Patients (n = 401) consecutively scheduled for elective cardiac surgery were prospectively studied. Clinical data was recorded and blood samples were tested for 31 biomarkers. Areas under receiver operating characteristic (AUROCs) were generated for biomarkers pre and postoperatively to stratify patients at risk of AKI. Preoperatively sTNFR1 had the highest predictive ability to identify risk of developing AKI postoperatively (AUROC 0.748). Postoperatively a combination of H-FABP, midkine and sTNFR2 had the highest predictive ability to identify AKI risk (AUROC 0.836). Preoperative clinical risk factors included patient age, body mass index and diabetes. Perioperative factors included cardio pulmonary bypass, cross-clamp and operation times, intra-aortic balloon pump, blood products and resternotomy. Combining biomarker risk score (BRS) with clinical risk score (CRS) enabled pre and postoperative assignment of patients to AKI risk categories. Combining BRS with CRS will allow better management of cardiac patients at risk of developing AKI.
Investigation of a tellurium-packed column for isolation of astatine-211 from irradiated bismuth targets and demonstration of a semi-automated system
Authors: Li Yawen , Hamlin Donald K. , Chyan Ming-Kuan , Morscheck Taylor M. , Ferrier Maryline G. , Wong Roger , Wilbur D. Scott 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAstatine-211 is an attractive radionuclide for use in targeted alpha therapy of blood-borne diseases and micrometastatic diseases. Efficient isolation methods that can be adapted to robust automated 211At isolation systems are of high interest for improving the availability of 211At. Based on the early studies of Bochvarova and co-workers involving isolation of 211At from irradiated thorium targets, we developed a method for 211At isolation from bismuth targets using tellurium-packed columns. Dissolution of irradiated bismuth targets is accomplished using HNO3; however, 211At is not captured on the Te column material in this matrix. Our method involves slow addition of aqueous NH2OH·HCl to the Bi target dissolved in HNO3 to convert to a HCl matrix. The amount of NH2OH·HCl was optimized because (1) the quantity of NH2OH·HCl used appears to affect the radiolabeling yield of phenethyl-closo-decaborate(2-) (B10)-conjugated antibodies and (2) reducing the volume of NH2OH·HCl solution can effectively shorten the overall isolation time. A proof-of-concept semi-automated process has been demonstrated using targets containing ~0.96 GBq (~26 mCi) of 211At. High isolation yields (88–95%) were obtained. Radiochemical purity of the isolated 211At was assessed by radio-HPLC. Concentrations of Bi and Te contaminants in the 211At and the astatinated antibodies were evaluated using ICP-MS.
Prediction of Absorption Spectrum Shifts in Dyes Adsorbed on Titania
Authors: Venkatraman Vishwesh , Yemene Amsalu Efrem , de Mello John 
Published: November 2019

AbstractDye adsorption on metal-oxide films often results in small to substantial absorption shifts relative to the solution phase, with undesirable consequences for the performance of dye-sensitized solar cells and optical sensors. While density functional theory is frequently used to model such behaviour, it is too time-consuming for rapid assessment. In this paper, we explore the use of supervised machine learning to predict whether dye adsorption on titania is likely to induce a change in its absorption characteristics. The physicochemical features of each dye were encoded as a numeric vector whose elements are the counts of molecular fragments and topological indices. Various classification models were subsequently trained to predict the type of absorption shift i.e. blue, red or unchanged (|Δλ| ≤ 10 nm). The models were able to predict the nature of the shift with a good likelihood (~80%) of success when applied to unseen data.