bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phase 2 Study of the Safety, Pharmacokinetics and Efficacy of Ceftaroline Fosamil in Neonates and Very Young Infants With Late-onset Sepsis
Authors: Bradley John S. , Stone Gregory G. , Chan Phylinda L. S. , Raber Susan R. , Riccobene Todd , Mas Casullo Veronica , Yan Jean Li , Hendrick Victoria M. , Hammond Jennifer , Leister-Tebbe Heidi K. 
Published: February 2020

Background:
With increasing antimicrobial resistance, antibiotic treatment options for neonatal late-onset sepsis (LOS) are becoming limited. Primary objective of this study was assessment of the safety of ceftaroline fosamil in LOS.

Methods:
Eligible neonates and very young infants 7 to <60 days of age with LOS were enrolled in this phase 2, open-label, multicenter study (NCT02424734) and received ceftaroline fosamil 4 or 6 mg/kg every 8 hours by 1-hour intravenous infusion plus intravenous ampicillin and optional aminoglycoside for 48 hours−14 days. Safety was assessed through the final study visit (21–35 days after the last study therapy dose). Efficacy, assessed as clinical and microbiologic response, was evaluated at end-of-treatment and test-of-cure. Pharmacokinetic samples were collected via sparse-sampling protocol.

Results:
Eleven patients [54.5% male, median (range) age 24 (12–53) days] were enrolled and received ceftaroline fosamil for a median (range) duration of 8 (3–15) days. Ten adverse events (AEs) occurred in 5 (45.5%) patients (safety population); most frequent AE was diarrhea (n = 2). All except 1 AE (diarrhea) were nontreatment-related. Predominant baseline pathogen was Escherichia coli. No patients were clinical failures at end-of-treatment/test-of-cure. Observed sparse steady-state pharmacokinetics data (19 samples) were comparable to previous pediatric data and generally within 90% model prediction intervals; neonatal probability of target attainment was >95% based on established pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic targets.

Conclusions:
Safety in neonates and very young infants was consistent with the known ceftaroline fosamil safety profile. These results support the use of ceftaroline fosamil (6 mg/kg every 8 hours) as a potential treatment option for LOS.
Associations Between Influencing Factors, Perceived Symptom Burden, and Perceived Overall Function Among Adults Living With HIV
Authors: Chukwurah Joan N. , Voss Joachim , Mazanec Susan R. , Avery Ann , Webel Allison 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
With adherence to combination antiretroviral therapy, HIV infection is now a chronic, but manageable, disease with associated symptoms and complications. However, there is limited evidence on how symptom burden affects perceived overall function among people living with HIV (PLWH). Furthermore, there is no consensus on the factors that affect symptom burden in PLWH. We examined relationships between factors that may influence symptom burden and perceived overall function, and the association between symptom burden and overall function in 179 adult PLWH. This study was a cross-sectional, secondary analysis using the Theory of Unpleasant Symptoms (Lenz, Pugh, Milligan, Gift, & Suppe, 1997). We found strong evidence that symptoms, especially pain, tiredness, and depression, are prevalent in PLWH, and that symptoms were predicted by perceived social support and the number of comorbidities. Increased symptom burden predicts reduced overall function. Interventions are needed to reduce symptoms and strengthen social support in PLWH. Initiating symptom assessment and management strategies early is paramount.
Family Management Style Improves Family Quality of Life in Children With Epilepsy: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Liu Huayan , Song Qingqing , Zhu Lihui , Chen Dan , Xie Jianhui , Hu Shengnan , Zeng Shan , Tan Lingfang 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Epilepsy is a common chronic disease with transient brain dysfunction and critically influences the quality of patients' family life. The aim of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of family management style on family quality of life in children. METHODS: We randomized 130 children to either the intervention group (n = 65) or the control group (n = 65). Family management style combined with routine care was applied in the intervention group within the first 24 hours after admission, whereas only routine care was applied in the control group. Family management style contains 3 steps: involve families into the intervention group and determine treatment plan, educate parents on how to manage their family, and monitor quality of home management. Scores on the Beach Center Family Quality of Life Scale (FQOL) of 2 groups were collected at 3 time points: within the first 24 hours after admission (T1), 6 months after discharge (T2), and 12 months after discharge (T3). Repeated-measures analysis of variance of FQOL scores was used to evaluate difference. RESULTS: Full scores and each subscale's scores on FQOL in the control group and the intervention group at T1 had no statistical significance (P > .05). Scores on FQOL at T2 and T3 increased in the intervention group, but there was almost no change in the control group, with statistical significance between the intervention group and the control group (P < .05). Scores on FQOL at T1, T2, and T3 showed that score of subscale except parenting FQOL improved in the intervention group (P < .05), but no difference was shown in the control group (P > .05). There was no difference shown among the control group and the intervention group that interacted with time (P > .05). CONCLUSION: The family management style can effectively improve the family quality of life in children with epilepsy, especially at the satisfaction level of family emotional well-being and disability-related support.
Loading Applied on Osseointegrated Implant by Transtibial Bone-Anchored Prostheses During Daily Activities: Preliminary Characterization of Prosthetic Feet
Authors: Frossard Laurent , Leech Barry , Pitkin Mark 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACTIntroductionThis case series study laid out principles for characterization of loading profile applied on osseointegrated implant by transtibial bone-anchored prostheses fitted with various feet while presenting benchmark loading data.Materials and MethodsThree individuals walked and ascended and descended stairs and ramps with instrumented prostheses fitted with a load cell as well as usual and anthropomorphic feet successively. The characterization of the loading profile involved the comparison of 100 variables including spatiotemporal characteristics, loading boundaries, local extremum, and impulse.ResultsThe absolute maximum load extracted from 319 gait cycles (GCs) with both prostheses across all activities was 48 %BW, 17 %BW, and 112 %BW for the forces as well as 2 %BWm, 13 %BWm, and 1 %BWm for the moments on and around the anteroposterior, mediolateral, and long axes of the implant, respectively.DiscussionNew evidence presented here indicated that a specific and comprehensive loading characterization capable of differentiating transtibial bone-anchored prostheses was achievable when relying on triaxial direct measurements, recording a range of daily activities in addition to walking, and considering at least nine loading extremum.ConclusionsProsthetic care providers could use this characterization for evidence-based fitting of components to the growing population of individuals with transtibial amputation fitted with osseointegrated implants worldwide.
Nerve Integrity Monitor Responses to Direct Facial Nerve Stimulation During Facial Nerve Decompression Surgery Can Predict Postoperative Outcomes
Authors: Yamagishi Tatsuya , Ohshima Shinsuke , Yagi Chihiro , Kitazawa Meiko , Nonomura Yoriko , Izumi Shuji , Morita Yuka , Takahashi Kuniyuki , Horii Arata 
Published: February 2020

Objective:
To test whether the threshold of nerve integrity monitor (NIM) responses during facial nerve decompression surgery can predict the postoperative outcome.

Study Design:
Retrospective study.

Setting:
University hospital.

Patients:
Twenty peripheral facial palsy patients who underwent transmastoid decompression surgery.

Intervention:
During decompression surgery, thresholds of NIM responses were measured via direct facial nerve stimulation at three sites: the geniculate ganglion (GG), the second genu (2nd G), and the stylomastoid foramen.

Main Outcome Measures:
Facial nerve function was evaluated before and 6 months after surgery using the Yanagihara grading score (maximum score = 40 points). Complete recovery was defined as an improvement of the grading score to ≥ 36 points without synkinesis. Variables including age, sex, disease (Bell's palsy or Ramsay Hunt syndrome), time after onset, Yanagihara grading score, and electroneurography before surgery, and the thresholds of NIM responses during surgery were compared in the complete and incomplete recovery groups. NIM responders were defined as those exhibiting a NIM response of < 1.5 mA at any site. Postoperative Yanagihara grading scores in NIM responders and NIM nonresponders were compared.

Results:
No variables differed significantly in the complete and incomplete recovery groups before surgery. NIM response thresholds in the complete recovery group at the GG and the 2nd G were significantly lower than the corresponding thresholds in the incomplete recovery group. The postoperative Yanagihara grading scores of NIM responders were significantly better than those of NIM nonresponders.

Conclusion:
NIM responses to intraoperative direct facial nerve stimulation were useful for predicting outcomes after decompression surgery.
Update in adult community-acquired pneumonia: key points from the new American Thoracic Society/Infectious Diseases Society of America 2019 guideline
Authors: Metlay Joshua P. , Waterer Grant W. 
Published: February 2020

Purpose of review
The American Thoracic Society and Infectious Diseases Society of America recently released their joint guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of adults with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). The co-chairs of the guideline committee provide a summary of the guideline process, key recommendations from the new guideline and future directions for CAP research.

Recent findings
The guideline committee included 14 experts from the two societies. Sixteen questions for the guideline were selected using the PICO format. The GRADE approach was utilized to review the available evidence and generate recommendations. The recommendations included expanded microbiological testing for patients suspected of drug-resistant infections, empiric first-line therapy recommendations for outpatients and inpatients including use of beta-lactam monotherapy for uncomplicated outpatients, elimination of healthcare-associated pneumonia as a treatment category, and not recommending corticosteroids as routine adjunct therapy.

Summary
CAP is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Effective antibiotic therapy is available and remains largely empirical. New diagnostic tests and treatment options are emerging and will lead to guideline updates in the future.
The bone mineral density of hip joint was reduced in the initial stage of ankylosing spondylitis?
Authors: Cai Peng Li , Yan Yun Yu , Wei Wei , Chen Xiao Shuai , Zhao Jian , Zhang Ze Kun , Zhang Ping 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The osteoporosis was common complication of ankylosing spondylitis (AS), but it was frequently unrecognized in the initial stage of the disease. This study was to compare areal bone mineral density (BMD) of hip joints in early AS patients with that in healthy controls, to explore the progress of bone loss in cortex and spongiosa in early AS.
Quantitative computed tomography (QCT) of hip was performed in 60 AS patients (modified New York criteria for AS, with grade 2 sacroiliitis in computed tomography) and 57 healthy controls. The QCT measurements of AS patients were compared with the measurements of healthy controls.
The AS patients had lower areal BMD in cortical bone and total bone of proximal femur in early AS patients (P < .01), than the controls. But there were not significant different of areal BMD in spongiosa of proximal femur between the early AS patients and healthy controls. Strong correlations were found between body mass index BMI, areal BMD in cortical bone (r

s
= 0.410, P < .001; r

s
= 0.422, P < .001) and total bone (r

s
= 0.368, P < .001; r

s
= 0.266, P = .003) both in AS patients and healthy controls.
The results indicate that osteopenia/osteoporosis is general in early stage of AS. What is more, the osteopenia/osteoporosis in cortex is earlier than in spongiosa of proximal femur in early AS.
Functional health literacy among left-behind students in senior high schools in an ethnic minority area
Authors: Cheng Linan , Chen Qian , Zhang Feng ying , Wu Wenwen , Cui Wenxiang , Hu Xiuying 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
To verify the validity of functional health literacy scale and analyze what influences functional health literacy.
Using convenience sampling method based on cross-sectional data to select 589 left-behind senior high-school students in an ethnic minority area, using the functional health literacy scale.
The scale results were relatively strong, and the absolute fitness index, value-added fitness index, and simple fitness index reached the fitness standards. The overall functional health literacy score was (0.65 ± 0.12), which falls within the upper middle class. Gender(t = 2.40, P < .05), ethnicity (t = 4.28, P < .001), place of residence (t =  = 4.51, P < .001), mother's education level (F = 3.608, P < .05), self-assessment of grades for 1 year (F = 25.781, P < .001), and whether the participant liked the health education content (F = 9.416, P < .001) had impacts on overall functional health literacy.
The study results show that relatively satisfactory reliability and validity and can be applied further analysis for improving students functional health literacy levels.
Photobiomodulation therapy and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on chronic neck pain patients
Authors: Rampazo Érika Patrícia , de Andrade Ana Laura Martins , da Silva Viviane Ribeiro , Back Cláudio Gregório Nuernberg , Liebano Richard Eloin 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Introduction:
Chronic neck pain is a common musculoskeletal disorder that is associated with functional disability and decreased of quality of life. Electrophysical agents are commonly used to relieve pain, however the effects of combined use of these agents are little studied. The objective is to investigate the efficacy of photobiomodulation and electrical stimulation to relieve pain, both in isolation and combined.

Materials and methods:
This a 4-arm randomized placebo-controlled trial with patient and evaluator blinded. This study will be performed in Department of Physical Therapy at Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos/SP, Brazil. One hundred and forty-four patients with chronic neck pain will be randomized into 4 groups: active photobiomodulation therapy with active electrical stimulation, active photobiomodulation therapy, active electrical stimulation, or placebo treatment. They will receive 10 sessions of treatment. Primary outcome: pain intensity (measured by pain numerical rating scale) posttreatment. Secondary outcomes: pain during movement, neck disability, range of motion, pressure pain threshold, temporal summation, conditioned pain modulation, depressive symptoms, pain catastrophizing, quality of life, analgesic intake, and global perceived effect at posttreatment (10 sessions). Pain intensity and global perceived effect will also be measured after 6 weeks randomization.

Discussion:
The findings of this study might clarify the importance of using the photobiomodulation therapy and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for patients with chronic neck pain.

Trial registration:
NCT04020861. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04020861?term=NCT04020861&draw=2&rank=1.
Failure of Less-Invasive Stabilization System (LISS) plating for periprosthetic distal femur fractures
Authors: Tian Zhen-Jiang , Liu Yan-Jie , Chen Bo-Jian , Wang Jun , Niu Cai-Li , Feng En-Hui , Mai Xiu-Jun , Huang Yong-Ming 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Rationale:
Less-Invasive Stabilization System (LISS) plate is an internal fixation commonly used for the periprosthetic distal femur fractures. Failure associated with LISS plate has been rarely reported, and the reasons for LISS plate failure are multitudinous. Various advantages have been reported, but failures continue.

Patient concerns:
We present 3 cases illustrating the failure of Less-Invasive Stabilization System (LISS) plating for periprosthetic distal femur fractures. The shaft screws of the LISS plate broke in 2 cases, and the plate placement was incorrect in 1 case. Early weight bearing, obesity, osteoporosis, and lateral collateral ligament injury due to incorrect plate placement constituted the etiologies of LISS plate failure.

Diagnosis:
Failure of Less-Invasive Stabilization System (LISS) plating for periprosthetic distal femur fractures after Total knee arthroplasty.

Interventions:
Three patients underwent Less-Invasive Stabilization System plates removal with replacement of the total knee arthroplasty revision surgery with rotating hinged knee prosthesis.

Outcomes:
After completing the total knee arthroplasty revision surgery, all patients underwent regular follow-up examinations. Case 2 could walk unaided, without pain, final union was confirmed for both case 1 and case 3.

Conclusion:
Less-Invasive Stabilization System (LISS) plate provides satisfactory results in periprosthetic fractures after Total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The LISS plate has many advantages, but failures continue to occur. The causes for failure were early weight bearing, obesity, osteoporosis, and lateral collateral ligament (LCL) injury due to incorrect plate placement in our series. We recommend that protection or properly delay of weight-bearing, active anti-osteoporosis treatment, and intraoperative fluoroscopy are the effective methods to avoid failure.
Seattle protocol vs narrow band imaging guided biopsy in screening of Barrett's esophagus in gastroesophageal reflux disease patients
Authors: Elsheaita Ahmed , El-Bially Mohamed Ahmed , Shamseya Mohammed Mohammed , Ahmed Sanaa Shawky , Madkour Marwa Ahmed , Shamseya Ayman Mohammed , Nouh Hanan Hosny 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Barrett's esophagus has 0.5% to 7% risk of progression to esophageal adenocarcinoma. The method of obtaining biopsies to diagnose Barrett's is challenging. Seattle protocol has been considered as the gold standard, however its difficulty limits its applicability in practice. Narrow band imaging guided biopsy has been proposed as an alternative.
To investigate the accuracy, sensitivity, specificity and applicability of Narrow band guided biopsy as a screening tool for Barret's esophagus in gastroesophageal reflux patients.
Endoscopy was done in 2 different sessions 2 weeks apart for 100 patients in Alexandria, Egypt. Patients had at least one of the following: Chronic Gastroesophageal reflux disease, frequent Gastroesophageal reflux disease, or two or more risk factors for Barrett's esophagus. All patients with known Barrett's esophagus were excluded.
Seventeen patients had Barrett's esophagus either by one of the two techniques or by both, 4 patients by both methods, 7 patients by narrow band imaging alone and 6 patients by Seattle protocol alone (P < .001, κ = 0.461). Sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value and positive predictive value for Seattle protocol were 58.8%, 100%, 92.2%, 100% vs 76.5%, 100%, 95.4%, 100% respectively for narrow band imaging. A mean of 7.73 samples/patient was taken in Seattle protocol vs 3.42 samples in narrow band imaging (P < .001). A mean of 8.63 minutes was consumed in Seattle protocol vs 2.65 minutes in narrow band imaging (P < .001).
Narrow band imaging guided biopsy might have higher accuracy, sensitivity and negative predictive value as well as fewer number of biopsies and shorter time of the procedure compared to Seattle protocol which might increases its applicability as screening protocol for Barrett's esophagus. However, further larger multicentric studies are needed.
Evaluation and validation of the prognostic value of nutrition and immunity parameters in gastric cancer after R0 resection
Authors: Xue Wenbo , Xu Xuezhong , Tan Yulin , Wang Yibo , Wang Hao , Xu Yixin , Xi Cheng , Jiang Peng , Ding Wei 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Precise predictive tools are critical for choosing the individualized treatment protocols and follow-up procedures for patients with gastric cancer (GC). In this study, we aimed to evaluate and validate the prognostic abilities of preoperative nutrition and immunity parameters in GC after curative R0 resection.
We established two nomograms based on 437 patients who underwent curative radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer to predict the postoperative overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS), and then compared the predictive accuracy and discriminative ability of the nomograms with the TNM stage systems for GC. An internal validation cohort of 141 patients and an external validation cohort of 116 patients were used to validate the result.
The independent predictive factors for OS or RFS, including T stage, N stage, differentiated degree, neutrophil monocyte lymphocyte ratio (NMLR) and albumin globulin ratio (AGR) were used to establish the 2 nomograms. The C-index of the OS nomogram was 0.802, which was higher than that of the AGR, the NMLR and the TNM stage. The C-index of the RFS nomogram was 0.850, which was higher than that of the AGR, the NMLR and the TNM stage. Analogously, the areas under the receiver operating characteristics curves (AUROCs, 0.920 for OS and 0.897 for RFS, respectively) of the two nomograms were higher than that of the NMLR, the AGR and the TNM stage. In the internal validation cohort, the C-indexes of the OS and RFS nomograms were 0.812 and 0.826, respectively. In the external validation cohort, the C-indexes of the OS and RFS nomograms were 0.866 and 0.880, respectively.
The proposed nomograms including nutrition and immunity parameters were proved to have excellent predictive ability in survival and recurrence for patients with GC after R0 resection.