bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Building a Clinically Relevant Risk Model: Predicting Risk of a Potentially Preventable Acute Care Visit for Patients Starting Antineoplastic Treatment
Authors: Daly Bobby , Gorenshteyn Dmitriy , Nicholas Kevin J. , Zervoudakis Alice , Sokolowski Stefania , Perry Claire E. , Gazit Lior , Baldwin Medsker Abigail , Salvaggio Rori , Adams Lynn , Xiao Han , Chiu Yeneat O. , Katzen Lauren L. , Rozenshteyn Margarita , Reidy-Lagunes Diane L. , Simon Brett A. , Perchick Wendy , Wagner Isaac 
Published: March 2020

PURPOSE To create a risk prediction model that identifies patients at high risk for a potentially preventable acute care visit (PPACV). PATIENTS AND METHODS We developed a risk model that used electronic medical record data from initial visit to first antineoplastic administration for new patients at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center from January 2014 to September 2018. The final time-weighted least absolute shrinkage and selection operator model was chosen on the basis of clinical and statistical significance. The model was refined to predict risk on the basis of 270 clinically relevant data features spanning sociodemographics, malignancy and treatment characteristics, laboratory results, medical and social history, medications, and prior acute care encounters. The binary dependent variable was occurrence of a PPACV within the first 6 months of treatment. There were 8,067 observations for new-start antineoplastic therapy in our training set, 1,211 in the validation set, and 1,294 in the testing set. RESULTS A total of 3,727 patients experienced a PPACV within 6 months of treatment start. Specific features that determined risk were surfaced in a web application, riskExplorer, to enable clinician review of patient-specific risk. The positive predictive value of a PPACV among patients in the top quartile of model risk was 42%. This quartile accounted for 35% of patients with PPACVs and 51% of potentially preventable inpatient bed days. The model C-statistic was 0.65. CONCLUSION Our clinically relevant model identified the patients responsible for 35% of PPACVs and more than half of the inpatient beds used by the cohort. Additional research is needed to determine whether targeting these high-risk patients with symptom management interventions could improve care delivery by reducing PPACVs.
CARBOHYDRATE COUSINIA ANGRENI JUS (ASTERACEAE), ESTABLISHING THE STRUCTURE OF THEIR GLU-COFRUCTANS
Authors: Turdumambetov Kenesh Turdumambetovich , Azhibaeva Zulayka Sulaimanovna , Jorupbekova Dzhanymbyu , Goncharova Raisa Andreyevna , Ernazarova Elnura Esenbaevna 
Published: March 2020

Currently, a lot of attention is paid to a number of researchers oligo – and polysaccharides. This is due to their high content in plant materials and the fulfillment of a special role in the development of living organisms, which is of great importance in the production of fructose, sucrose and inulin.
Kyrgyzstan has huge reserves of still little-studied, environmentally friendly medicinal and other plant species.
The article deals with the study of the chemical composition of the carbohydrate complex in plants of the genus Cousinia angreni Jus. Experimental studies have been carried out to isolate and establish structures of water-soluble polysaccharides and alcohol-soluble oligosaccharides. Glucofructan was isolated from the roots of Cousinia angreni Jus, the structure of individual fractions was studied by methylation, periodic oxidation, paper chromatography, thin-layer chromatography and GLC, IR and 13C-NMR spectroscopy.
When compared with witnesses, 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-Me-D-glucose, 1,3,4,6-tetra-O-Me-D-fructose, 3,4,6-tri-O-Me-D-fructose (main product) and trace amounts of 1,3,4-tri-O-Me-D-fructose. The presence of the main product 3,4,6-tri-O-Me-D-fructose indicates the predominance of β-(2→1) bonds. Thus, it was found that glucofructans of the Angren cousin (C. angreni Jus) consist of fructofuranose residues linked by β-(2→1) inulin type bonds.
STANDARDIZATION OF DRY EXTRACT OF ZIZIPHUS JUJUBA MILL. FRUITS
Authors: Presniakova Viktoriya Sergeyevna , Farmanova Nadira Tahirovna , Turdieva Zilola Vohobjanovna 
Published: March 2020

Ziziphus jujuba Mill. (jujube) fruits have been used in folk medicine for a long time as a drug to treat arterial hypertension. Scientists in A. Sultanov Uzbek Research Institute for Chemistry and Pharmaceutics have developed a technology that permits to obtain dry extract named «Unabin» with hypotensive effect.
The aim of research: to develop quality control and standardization methods for dry extract of jujube fruits.
Jujube dry extract was described as a brown powder with sweet taste and specific odor. Water content in samples was 3.1–4.8% (measured according to State Pharmacopoeia of Russian Federation XI).
We studied 5 series of dry extract. It was revealed that 1 g of dry extract contains 106 of aerobic bacteria, 103 of yeasts and mold fungi altogether, 102 of enterobacteria and other gram-negative bacteria in average. Esherichia coli, Salmonella, Pseudomоnаs aeruginosa и Staphylococcus aureus were not detected. Therefore, the studied pharmaceutical meets the standard of microbiological cleanliness.
The optimal content of the following substances was determined: flavonoids (in rutin equivalent; no less than 0.2%), polysaccharides (no less than 1.8%), organic acids (in malic acid equivalent; no less than 1.5%), tanning agents (in tannin equivalent; no less than 5.0%). The proposed permissible content of heavy metals (Pb, Cd) is 0.01% or less.
The shelf life of jujube dry extract is 2 years and more (assessed in natural conditions according to Branch Standard 42-2-70). The project of Pharmacopoeia article was prepared on the basis of conducted reseach.
STRUCTURE OF POLYPHENOLS OF LEAVES TANNING SUMAC RHUS CORIARIA L.
Authors: Ziyavitdinov Zhamollitdin Fazlitdinovich , Oshchepkova Yuliya Igorevna , Abdulladzhanova Nodira Gulyamzhanovna , Salikhov Shavkat Ismailovich 
Published: March 2020

The aim of this work is to study the composition and structural characteristics of the polyphenols of the tanning sumac Rhus coriaria L. of the Anacardiaceae family, growing in Uzbekistan, using a high-performance liquid chromatograph with a diode-matrix detector (HPLC-DAD) and a tandem temple mass-spectrometer (HPLC– Q-TOF-MS / MS).
The phenolic compounds of the aerial part (leaves) of Rhus coriaria L. plants of the Anacardiaceae family were studied. For the first time, polyphenol fractions were isolated from tanning sumac leaves using stepwise hydrophobic chromatography. By HPLC, as a result of semi-preparative chromatography from the fraction eluted with 30% ethanol, 9 individual compounds were obtained, in the amount of: R-1 – 0.5 mg, R-2 – 0.8 mg, R-3 – 2.3 mg, R-4 – 12.6 mg, R-5 – 34.5 mg, R-6 – 15 mg, R-7 – 8 mg, R-8 – 7.1 mg, R-9 – 45.5 mg As a result of mass spectrometric analyzes and NMR spectroscopy for individual polyphenols, it was established that the polyphenols isolated in the individual state consist of gallic acid and glucose, interconnected by an ester bond: mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-, penta- , hexa-, hepta-, octa- and non-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose.
Predictors of Adherence to Anti-Hypertensive Therapy: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Silva Neto Raimundo Monteiro da , Silva Cícero Rafael Lopes da , Arrais Teresa Maria Siqueira Nascimento , Tavares Sâmia Macedo Queiroz Mota Castellão , Moura Maria Elisa Regina Benjamim de , Saraiva Emanuela Machado Silva , Veras Helenicy Nogueira Holanda , Santana Milana Drumond Ramos , Carvalho Poliana Moreira de Medeiros 
Published: March 2020

Low adherence to antihypertensive therapy is one of the main modifiable risk factors for several other secondary pathologies. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the predictors that most interfere in the adherence process. This is a systematic review with meta-analysis that followed the Cochrane recommendations, the search for studies occurred between January and February 2020 using the MeSH: "Hypertensive", "Medication Adherence", "World Population" and "Risk Factors". After applying the filters and criteria 31 studies were selected. The review included studies with intended perspectives and the main predictors were: interventions, satisfaction, cost reduction, the factors were also found: diagnostic impact, medical inertia and execution of the prescribed regimes. The research exposed that more work is needed on health promotion by age group and hypertension (SAH) can be detected and controlled early, readjust high costs, ensure well-being and satisfaction in therapy so that the patient can feel comfortable. Personalized recommendations and constructive comments can drive this process, it is necessary to develop actions aimed at greater compliance by reducing the impact of these diseases and promoting greater control Compliance has always been complex by nature. However, relatively small interventions can substantially improve it. Keywords: Hypertensive; Medication Adherence; World Population; e Risk Factors.
Russell’s Use Theory of Meaning
Authors: Griffin Nicholas 
Published: March 2020

Russell is often accused of having a naive ‘Fido’–Fido theory of meaning of the sort Wittgenstein attacked at the beginning of the Philosophical Investigations. In this paper I argue that he never held such a theory though I concede that, prior to 1918, he said various things that might lead a very careless reader to suppose that he had. However, in The Analysis of Mind (1921), a book which (from the work of Garth Hallett) we know Wittgenstein studied closely, Russell put forward an account of understanding an utterance which clearly anticipates the use theory of meaning usually attributed to Wittgenstein. The paper concludes with some problems for understanding the use theory of meaning as presented by both Russell and, derivatively, Wittgenstein.
The role of 68Ga-DOTA derivatives PET-CT in patients with ectopic ACTH syndrome
Authors: Ceccato Filippo , Cecchin Diego , Gregianin Michele , Ricci Giacomo , Campi Cristina , Crimì Filippo , Bergamo Marta , Versari Annibale , Lacognata Carmelo , Rea Federico , Barbot Mattia , Scaroni Carla 
Published: March 2020

Introduction and aim
Ectopic ACTH secretion (EAS) is mostly secondary to thoracic/abdominal neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) or small cell-lung carcinoma (SCLC). We studied the diagnostic accuracy of CT with 68Ga-Dota derivatives (68Ga-SSTR) PET in localizing ACTH-secreting tumor in patients with EAS.

Materials and methods
68Ga-SSTR-PET/CT was performed and compared with the nearest enhanced CT in 18 cases (16 primary and 2 recurrent neoplasms). Unspecific, indeterminate and false-positive uptakes were assessed using conventional imaging, follow-up or histology.

Results
We diagnosed 13 thoracic (9 primary and 2 recurrent bronchial carcinoids, 2 SCLCs) and 1 abdominal (pancreatic NET) tumors. Eight ACTH-secreting tumors were promptly identified at EAS diagnosis (’overt’, four pulmonary carcinoids with two recurrences and two SCLC); six EAS have been discovered during the subsequent follow-up (’covert’, five bronchial carcinoids and one pancreatic NET). At the time of EAS diagnosis, imaging was able to correctly detect the ACTH-secreting tumour in 8/18 cases (6 new diagnosis and 2 recurrences). During the follow-up, six out of initially ten ‘occult’ cases became ‘covert’. At last available follow-up, CT and 68Ga-SSTR-PET/CT were able to diagnose 11/18 and 12/18 ACTH-secreting tumours, respectively (11/14 and 12/14 considering only overt and covert cases, respectively). Four cases have never been localized by conventional or nuclear imaging (’occult EAS’), despite an average follow-up of 5 years.

Conclusion
The 68Ga-SSTR-PET/CT is useful in localizing EAS, especially to enhance positive prediction of the suggestive CT lesions and to detect occult neoplasms.
Familial dysalbuminaemic hyperthyroxinaemia interferes with current free thyroid hormone immunoassay methods
Authors: Khoo Serena , Lyons Greta , McGowan Anne , Gurnell Mark , Oddy Susan , Visser W Edward , van den Berg Sjoerd , Halsall David , Taylor Kevin , Chatterjee Krishna , Moran Carla 
Published: March 2020

Objective
Familial dysalbuminaemic hyperthyroxinaemia (FDH), most commonly due to an Arginine to Histidine mutation at residue 218 (R218H) in the albumin gene, causes artefactual elevation of free thyroid hormones in euthyroid individuals. We have evaluated the susceptibility of most current free thyroid hormone immunoassay methods used in the United Kingdom, Europe and Far East to interference by R218H FDH.

Methods
Different, one- and two-step immunoassay methods were tested, measuring free T4 (FT4) and free T3 (FT3) in 37 individuals with genetically proven R218H FDH.

Results
With the exception of Ortho VITROS, FT4 measurements were raised in all assays, with greatest to lowest susceptibility to interference being Beckman ACCESS > Roche ELECSYS > FUJIREBIO Lumipulse > Siemens CENTAUR > Abbott ARCHITECT > Perkin-Elmer DELFIA. Five different assays recorded high FT3 levels, with the Siemens CENTAUR method measuring high FT3 values in up to 30% of cases. However, depending on the assay method, FT4 measurements were unexpectedly normal in some, genetically confirmed, affected relatives of index FDH cases.

Conclusions
All FT4 immunoassays evaluated are prone to interference by R218H FDH, with their varying susceptibility not being related to assay architecture but likely due to differing assay conditions or buffer composition. Added susceptibility of many FT3 assays to measurement interference, resulting in high FT4 and FT3 with non-suppressed TSH levels, raises the possibility of R218H FDH being misdiagnosed as resistance to thyroid hormone beta or TSH-secreting pituitary tumour, potentially leading to unnecessary investigation and inappropriate treatment.
The Effect of the Intensity of Telework Use on Employees’ Work-Life Balance
Authors: Grincevičienė Neringa 
Published: March 2020

The intensive penetration of information and communication technologies into the labour market has also determined the modernisation of work organization processes. The digitization of information and telecommunications enabled to perform most of intellectual activities not only in the work premises but also in other spaces distant from the main workplace. Thus, as the technology revolution gradually releases modern intellectual work from the constraints of the physical location, telework is becoming an increasingly accelerating trend in the world. Together with technological changes allowing to reach the employee 24 hours a day and 7 days a week create challenges for teleworkers seeking to successfully reconcile two areas of life – work and personal life. Employees from different fields, among them accounting, audit, finances, analysis and others that carry out tasks via telework face this challenge.Relevance of the scientific research problem formulated in this paper was determined by the lack of studies in the scientific research to date, which would evaluate the intensity of telework use as an important factor that has a different effect on work-life balance.The research aim is to reveal the effect of the intensity of telework use on employee work-life balance. A quantitative study – the survey of telework employees was conducted and 320 respondents were surveyed. The results of the empirical study revealed that the intensity of telework use had equally positive effect only on two dimensions of work-life balance: time intended for the family and friends and time intended for oneself.
Efficacy of Melatonin in Children With Postconcussive Symptoms: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Barlow Karen M. , Brooks Brian L. , Esser Michael J. , Kirton Adam , Mikrogianakis Angelo , Zemek Roger L. , MacMaster Frank P. , Nettel-Aguirre Alberto , Yeates Keith Owen , Kirk Valerie , Hutchison James S. , Crawford Susan , Turley Brenda , Cameron Candice , Hill Michael D. , Samuel Tina , Buchhalter Jeffrey , Richer Lawrence , Platt Robert , Boyd Roslyn , Dewey Deborah 
Published: March 2020

BACKGROUND:Approximately 25% of children with concussion have persistent postconcussive symptoms (PPCS) with resultant significant impacts on quality of life. Melatonin has significant neuroprotective properties, and promising preclinical data suggest its potential to improve outcomes after traumatic brain injury. We hypothesized that treatment with melatonin would result in a greater decrease in PPCS symptoms when compared with a placebo.METHODS:We conducted a randomized, double-blind trial of 3 or 10 mg of melatonin compared with a placebo (NCT01874847). We included youth (ages 8–18 years) with PPCS at 4 to 6 weeks after mild traumatic brain injury. Those with significant medical or psychiatric histories or a previous concussion within the last 3 months were excluded. The primary outcome was change in the total youth self-reported Post-Concussion Symptom Inventory score measured after 28 days of treatment. Secondary outcomes included change in health-related quality of life, cognition, and sleep.RESULTS:Ninety-nine children (mean age: 13.8 years; SD = 2.6 years; 58% girls) were randomly assigned. Symptoms improved over time with a median Post-Concussion Symptom Inventory change score of −21 (95% confidence interval [CI]: −16 to −27). There was no significant effect of melatonin when compared with a placebo in the intention-to-treat analysis (3 mg melatonin, −2 [95% CI: −13 to 6]; 10 mg melatonin, 4 [95% CI: −7 to 14]). No significant group differences in secondary outcomes were observed. Side effects were mild and similar to the placebo.CONCLUSIONS:Children with PPCS had significant impairment in their quality of life. Seventy-eight percent demonstrated significant recovery between 1 and 3 months postinjury. This clinical trial does not support the use of melatonin for the treatment of pediatric PPCS.
The Application of Lipoic Acid in Experimentally Induced Tympanosclerosis in Rats
Authors: TURAN Fatih , SAYAR İlyas , SALCAN İsmail 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackground/Aims:Tympanosclerosis
is an abnormal tissue reaction resulting in sclerotic and hyalinization changes
in the tympanic membrane and middle ear.
We hypothesized that alpha lipoic acid, an antioxidant, may represent a
simple and effective form of treatment in inflammattion-related
tympanosclerosis. The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects
of alpha lipoic acid on experimentally induced inflammattion-related tympanosclerosis
in rats.Methods:Twenty
albino Wistar rats were randomly divided into two equal groups. The first
(study) group was administered 50 mg/kg alpha lipoic acid by the intraperitoneal
route once daily for 7 days. The second group was administered the same saline
solution intraperitoneally once daily for 7 days. Inflammation, fibrosis and
lamina propria thickness were assessed at the subsequent histopathological
examination.Results:In
the study group, significantly less middle ear inflammation and fibrosis
developed and the tympanic membrane lamina propria was thinner compared to the control
group. Conclusions: Alpha
lipoic acid was found capable of preventing experimentally induced inflammattion-related
tympanosclerosis with its antioxidant characteristics.
Support of Road Freight Transport Especially in North-East Part of Schengen Borders
Authors: Hricová Romana 
Published: March 2020

Green logistics is very attractive and request the point of view. Many companies try to be “green”, but on the other hand they also must be quick, be in right time in the right place and everything with as low costs as possible. So because of it, they use more road freight transport. Nowadays road freight transport is much expanded as transport companies prefer the possibility to operate just-in-time. There are several advantages that give road freight transport the first place. Firstly, the truck can be prepared whenever, no matter what time is chosen. Secondly, the flexibility and no more borders with customs control inside the Schengen Area make freight transport quicker. On the other hand, innovative approaches ask for environmental protection, which becomes one of the most important points of view. If countries support this environmental friendly transport, this would be reflected in the transport prices which should make rail transport more interesting. Using the methodology in the manuscript was divided to three steps. The first step is to identify relevant questions related to border crossing. Next step is to elaborate a list of border problems, and the last step is an analysis of available data.
Social Media and Political Mobilisation: An Analysis of the July 2016 Zimbabwe Shut Down
Authors: Mutanana Ngonidzashe 
Published: March 2020

This study sought to carry out an analysis of the effects of the social media in political mobilization. These were analyzed using the following indicators (i) the social media as a communication tool and (ii) the role of social media in political mobilization. The study was using a one-day demonstration that occurred in Zimbabwe code named #ZimShutDown2016 as a case study. In the study, a qualitative case study research design was used. Secondary data from online newspaper reports and Social Media Networks was used to analyze the effects of the social media movement in bringing real socio-economic and political change in developing countries such as Zimbabwe. In-depth interviews with five key informants from local universities helped in the analysis and they were identified using purposive sampling technique. Findings from the study revealed that social media is an effective tool of communication among citizens. Information is exchanged minute by minute among citizens, and this encourages ‘citizenry journalism.’ As such, the social media has a positive impact in mobilizing the community in bringing real social, political and economic change. The study, therefore, recommends a longer survey on the challenges of the social media movement in developing countries such as Zimbabwe.