bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Ferric Citrate versus Ferrous Sulfate on Iron and Phosphate Parameters in Patients with Iron Deficiency and CKD
Authors: Womack Rebecca , Berru Fabian , Panwar Bhupesh , Gutiérrez Orlando M. 
Published: July 2020

Background and objectives
Ferric citrate is an oral medication approved for treatment of iron deficiency anemia in patients with CKD not requiring dialysis. The relative efficacy of ferric citrate versus ferrous sulfate in treating iron deficiency in patients with CKD is unclear.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
We randomized 60 adults with moderate to severe CKD (eGFR 15–45 ml/min per 1.73 m2) and iron deficiency (transferrin saturation [TSAT] ≤30% and ferritin ≤300 ng/ml) to ferric citrate (2 g three times a day with meals, n=30) or ferrous sulfate (325 mg three times a day, n=30) for 12 weeks. Primary outcomes were change in TSAT and ferritin from baseline to 12 weeks. Secondary outcomes were change in hemoglobin, fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), and hepcidin.

Results
Baseline characteristics were well balanced between study arms. There was a greater increase in TSAT (between-group difference in mean change, 8%; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1 to 15; P=0.02) and ferritin (between-group difference in mean change, 37 ng/ml; 95% CI, 10 to 64; P=0.009) from baseline to 12 weeks in participants randomized to ferric citrate as compared with ferrous sulfate. Similarly, as compared with ferrous sulfate, treatment with ferric citrate resulted in a greater increase in hepcidin from baseline to 12 weeks (between-group difference, 69 pg/ml; 95% CI, 8 to 130). There were no between-group differences in mean change for hemoglobin (0.3 g/dl; 95% CI, −0.2 to 0.8), intact FGF23 (−29 pg/ml; 95% CI, −59 to 0.1), or C-terminal FGF23 (61 RU/ml; 95% CI, −181 to 58). The incidence of adverse events did not differ between treatment arms.

Conclusions
As compared with ferrous sulfate, treatment with ferric citrate for 12 weeks resulted in a greater mean increase in TSAT and ferritin concentrations in individuals with moderate to severe CKD and iron deficiency.

Clinical Trial registry name and registration number
Impact of Ferric Citrate vs Ferrous Sulfate on Iron Parameters and Hemoglobin in Individuals With Moderate to Severe Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) With Iron Deficiency, NCT02888171.
MEASUREMENT OF DNA DAMAGE, OXIDATIVE STRESS, AND GENE EXPRESSION OF β-CATENIN AND P53 GENES IN LIVER AND BRAIN OF MALE MICE RECEIVING MONOSODIUM L-GLUTAMATE MONOHYDRATE
Authors: SAID SALEM NOHA IBRAHIM , R.H. MOHAMED HANAN , ABD-ELRAZEK AREEG MOHAMED 
Published: July 2020

Introduction: Monosodium L-glutamate (MSG) monohydrate is a widespread nutritional additive and flavoring agent frequently consumed all over the world. In this study, we investigate the action of daily oral intake of MSG monohydrate in vivo using mammalian systems.
Methods: Mice divided as follows: Group I (normal control), Group II, and Group III treated with MSG for 2 and 4 weeks, respectively. Brain and liver dissected out for the detection of fragmented DNA, DNA damage, and assay of oxidative stress markers. Moreover, expression levels of ß-Cat and p53 genes were measured by a real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction.
Results: The results showed a significant difference in MSG-treated group at the 2-time intervals than the control one regarding parameters of oxidative stress, and these were accompanied by a significant decline in glutathione (GSH) and a ratio of oxidized and reduced GSH in both tissues. Significant elevation of laddered DNA and oxidative DNA damage was observed in groups treated with MSG. In addition, a significant decline in gene expression of ß-Catenin in liver and brain tissues with elevations in the gene expression of p53 in the brain. Furthermore, the p53 gene in liver tissue was significantly upregulated in mice administered MSG for 15 days and was downregulated after 30 days of MSG intake compared with the control.
Conclusion: According to our results, oral consumption of MSG leads to oxidative stress-mediated DNA damage and apoptosis.
ASSESSMENT OF ACUTE AND SUBACUTE ORAL TOXICITY ELICITED BY ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF TURNERA APHRODISIACA LEAVES IN ALBINO RATS
Authors: BATHULA NAVEEN KUMAR , CHOWDHURY BHIMALENDU 
Published: July 2020

Objectives: The medications of plant-based, herb-mineral, and animal sources have been used by the conventional medics to maintain well-being and care for diseases ever since ancient times. The current study aimed to evaluate the acute and subacute toxicities of the ethanolic extract of Turnera aphrodisiaca (TA) leaves in albino rats.
Methods: The acute toxicity studies were carried out where the maximum dosage of 5000 mg/kg body mass was used. The outcome reported for 24 h and singly daily for 2 weeks. The rats were weighed and a range of interpretations, for example, behavior, lesions, mortality, or any indication of sickness, was carried out daily once throughout the study. For the subacute study, four groups of ten animals (female rats) received 10% Tween 20 in distilled H2O (as control), and 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg of newly developed extracts, correspondingly, every 24th h orally for about 4 weeks. At the ending of every study, hematological study and biochemical parameters were assessed.
Results: No major variations (p>0.05) were experienced in the comparative organs, body mass, hematological, biochemical parameters, and offensive malfunctions, in comparison to control, with no mortality reported. Hence, the results of the study may direct the outcome that the intermediate-period oral administration of the TA leaves for 4 weeks does not produce toxicity.
Conclusion: Due to these results, we may well wrap up that leaves of TA extract are non-toxic in all doses considered in this study and did not created any obvious signs in the acute and subacute oral toxicity studies.
ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY FOR BIOSURFACTANT PRODUCED BY STREPTOMYCES SPP. ISOLATED FROM SOIL SAMPLES
Authors: AL-HULU SAMER M. 
Published: July 2020

Objective: The goal of the present study on isolation Streptomyces from soil samples with biosurfactant activity and antibacterial activity analysis.
Methods: (25) The soil samples were taken form Hilla city. (10) It is Streptomyces spp. They were identified. (4) Streptomyces spp. having the ability to hemolysis on blood agar that has the capacity to generate biosurfactants. Streptomyces spp. 8 displayed a high degree of activity by having a blood agar inhibition zone (25 mm).
Results: Antibacterial activity was evaluated for Streptomyces spp. 8 (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia Coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa). Streptomyces spp. 8 has greatest inhibition zone against S. aureus equal to 14 mm compared 12 mm against E. coli and 8 mm for P. aeruginosa. This Streptomyces spp. 8 characteristic was tested, it showed Gram positive with aerial mycelium gray in color on yeast malt extract agar. Negative for melanin produced on tyrosine broth medium, negative for H2S output, and pigment development, it has for the use of mannitol sucrose, glucose, and fructose as carbon source and negative for xylose.
Conclusion: Isolated Streptomyces spp. having the potential to generate biosurfactants with antibacterial activity.
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF CAFFEINE-LOADED SOLID LIPID NANOPARTICLES TO TREAT CLINICAL MASTITIS
Authors: SURENDRA B. , KUMAR M. NAVEEN , IRIVENTI PADMINI 
Published: July 2020

Objective: The objective of the present study was to formulate and evaluate caffeine-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) in the treatment of clinical mastitis.
Methods: These were prepared by homogenization technique using stearic acid, Tween 80, and chloroform as excipients. Pre-formulation studies such as UV spectrophotometry, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were performed for the drug. Entrapment efficiency and in vitro dissolution studies were carried out for prepared SLNs and the optimum formulation (F2) was taken for further studies such as FTIR, DSC, SEM, particle size, and zeta potential analysis.
Results: Obtained results stated that prepared SLNs are roughly spherical in nature and are in nano range. These were incorporated in Carbopol gel and further evaluation studies such as pH, spreadability, viscosity, homogenicity, and in vitro drug diffusion studies were carried out. All the results stated that prepared nanogel has shown sustained release of drug. Antimicrobial study was carried out using Staphylococcus aureus and it was confirmed by the appearance of zone of inhibition.
Conclusion: Nanogel that contains caffeine SLNs with 1:2 ratio drug:lipid has shown good in vitro release. Sustained release of caffeine drug till 12 h was achieved by delivering it in the form of nanogel.
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF SOLID LIPID NANOPARTICLES CONTAINING CAFFEINE TO TREAT CLINICAL MASTITIS
Authors: U AMRUTHA , B SUSHMITHA , RUBINA SHAIK , IRIVENTI PADMINI 
Published: July 2020

Objective: The objective of the present study was to formulate and evaluate caffeine loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) in the treatment of clinical mastitis.
Methodology: These were prepared by homogenization technique using cholesterol, tween 80, and chloroform as excipients. Preformulation studies such as ultraviolet spectrophotometry, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were performed for the drug. Entrapment efficiency and in vitro dissolution studies were carried out for prepared SLN’s and the optimum formulation (F2) was taken for further studies such as FTIR, DSC, scanning electron microscopy, particle size, and zeta potential analysis.
Results: Obtained results stated that prepared SLNs are roughly spherical in nature and are in nanorange. These were incorporated in Carbopol gel and further evaluation studies such as pH, spreadability, viscosity, homogeneity, and in vitro drug diffusion studies were carried out. All the results obtained state that prepared nanogel has shown sustained release of drug. The antimicrobial study was carried out using Staphylococcus aureus and it was confirmed by appearance of the zone of inhibition.
Conclusion: Nanogel that contains Caffeine SLNs with 1:2 ratio drug:lipid has shown good in vitro release. Sustained release of Caffeine drug till 12 h was achieved by delivering it in the form of nanogel.
ULTRASOUND-GUIDED RECTUS SHEATH BLOCK ALONG WITH RIGHT SIDE SUBCOSTAL TRANSVERSE ABDOMINIS PLANE BLOCK VERSUS PORTSITE INFILTRATION WITH LOCAL ANESTHETICS IN LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY FOR POST-OPERATIVE PAIN RELIEF: A COMPARATIVE STUDY
Authors: D MISHRA RAJIV , PARIDA MADHUSMITA , SWARO SWASTIKA , SAMAL SOUMYA 
Published: July 2020

Objectives: The objective of the study was to compare the efficacy between ultrasound guided rectus sheath block and the right side subcostal transverse abdominis plane with portsite infiltration with local anesthetics in laparoscopic cholecystectomy for post operative pain relief.
Methods: Sixty patients posted for laparoscopic cholecystectomy were divided into two groups of 30 each. Group A received total dose of 80 mg (16 ml) of 0.5% ropivacaine 4 ml in each port and Group B received bilateral rectus sheath block with right-sided subcostal TAP block postoperatively, 80 mg (40 ml) of 0.2% ropivacaine was divided into two parts 20 ml in right-sided subcostal TAP and 20 ml in rectus sheath block, 10 ml in each side. Results: The first request of analgesia was significantly longer in combined block group than in the port site infiltration group (p=0.000). The numeric rating scale was reduced in patients given with abdominal field blocks when compared to patients obtaining port site infiltration. Mean NRS score was peak in pain score at the 6th h postoperatively in Group A and remained higher till 24 h in comparison Group B and was statistically significant. The overall tramadol consumption in Group A was approximately twice (215±51 mg) as compared to Group B (105±28 mg). Three cases of PONV were seen in Group A that is not statistically significant. The patient satisfaction score after 24 h was much higher with Group B in comparison to Group A (P 0.000).
Conclusion: It is concluded that ultrasound-guided right-sided subcostal TAP and rectus sheath block produce effective post-operative analgesia for the incisional pain in laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgeries and act as a supplementary method in multimodal analgesia.
ASSESS THE AWARENESS AND ATTITUDE REGARDING PREVENTION OF CORONAVIRUS DISEASE 2019
Authors: MA SAHBANATHUL MISSRIYA , HASSAN SUHAIL 
Published: July 2020

Objective: Coronavirus disease is the first pandemic caused by a novel coronavirus. The World Health Organization announced a name for the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This epidemic must stop, contain, control, delay, and reduce the impact of this virus by the people at every opportunity. Every person has the responsibility to contribute, to protect themselves, to protect others, whether in the home, the community, the health-care system, the workplace, or in the transport system. The study was aimed to assess the level of awareness and attitude regarding the prevention of novel coronavirus disease among people and to associate the knowledge level about the prevention of novel coronavirus disease with selected demographic variables of people.
Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive design was adopted. Using a convenient sampling technique, 950 samples were selected. The data were collected, analyzed in terms of both descriptive, and inferential statistics.
Results: The study results showed that among the total number of people (950) surveyed, 499 (52.6%) were having poor knowledge, whereas 348 (36.6%) were having an average level of knowledge and 103 (10.8%) were showing good knowledge regarding prevention of COVID-19. Some of the people (40.7%) had a negative attitude on the overall aspects of COVID-19 prevention.
Conclusion: The study concluded that there were inadequate awareness and poor attitude among the people about coronavirus diseases, and hence there is a need to create awareness through campaigns by public authorities and media.
SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION, AND EVALUATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES USING AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF ASPARAGUS RACEMOSUS RHIZOME – AN IN VITRO APPROACH
Authors: N HEMADEVI , P VENKATALAKSHMI 
Published: July 2020

Objective: The proposed study is carried out to synthesize and characterize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using rhizomes of Asparagus racemosus and to evaluate its antimicrobial activity in vitro.
Methods: Aqueous extract of A. racemosus rhizomes was prepared and subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening. AgNPs of A. racemosus rhizomes were prepared using standard procedure. The synthesized particles were characterized using ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) analysis. Further, these nanoparticles were subjected to in vitro antimicrobial studies.
Results: Preliminary phytochemical analysis showed the presence of tannins, phlobatannins, saponins, flavonoids, terpenoids, triterpenoids, alkaloids, carbohydrates, proteins, anthraquinones, polyphenols, and glycosides. The study of synthesized AgNPs showed a sharp absorbance at 410 nm. The results of FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of phenol, alkanes, aliphatic amine, secondary alcohol, alkenes, and aromatic amines. SEM analysis of the AgNPs revealed higher density polydispersed AgNPs of various sizes. The AgNPs synthesized from rhizome extract showed higher toxicity toward tested microorganisms when compared to extract alone.
Conclusion: It has been concluded that silver nanoparticles of A. racemosus could be a good source of plant-derived antimicrobials.
«Генетический код» петербургской жилой среды (к 300-летию российских регулярных городских кварталов)
Authors: Lavrov Leonid , Molotkova Elena , Perov Fedor 
Published: July 2020

Учитывается, что концепции новых градостроительных нормативов для РФ и Москвы, которые прорабатываются в настоящее время, придают особое значение квартальной системе застройки. В этой связи предлагается обратить вни­мание на опыт Санкт-Петербурга, где гипподамова планировка в широком масштабе стала применяться впервые в России. Показано, что за прошедшие триста лет в историческом цен­тре города на площади в тысячи гектаров сложилась плотная городская ткань, определить своеобразие которой пытаются ссылкой на «генетический код» Санкт-Петербурга. Предла­гается конкретизировать это романтическое представление и зафиксировать установки, которые обеспечили целена­правленное развитие застройки города. Подчёркивается, что огромные внутриквартальные пространства Санкт-Петербурга к настоящему времени мало изучены - множество работ посвящены архитектурно-художественному образу пред­ставительных корпусов по лицевому фронту кварталов, а феномен внутриквартальной среды на прикладном уровне за­тронули только исследования 1970-х годов (А.В. Махровская, Г.Д. Платонов). Высказывается предположение, что именно ограниченность исходной информационной базы объясняет появление упрощённого представления об историческом центре Санкт-Петербурга как едином «средовом районе», присутствующего в нормативно-методических указаниях и в проектных концепциях. Предлагается провести архитектурно­градостроительную инвентаризацию включённых в этот район кварталов, чтобы зафиксировать сложившиеся морфотипы[1].

[1] Данная статья продолжает тему, затронутую в статье «Морфотипы кварталов исторического центра Санкт-Петербурга», опубликованной в № 4 журнала «Academia. Архитектура и строительство» за 2019 год.
HOAX DETECTION IN INDONESIA LANGUAGE USING LONG SHORT-TERM MEMORY MODEL
Authors: Apriliyanto Andi , Kusumaningrum Retno 
Published: July 2020

Nowadays, the internet and social media grow fast. This condition has positive and negative effects on society. They become media to communicate and share information without limitation. However, many people use that easiness to broadcast news or information which do not accurate with the facts and gather people's opinions to get benefits or we called a hoax. Therefore, we need to develop a system that can detect hoax. This research uses the neural network method with Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) model. The process of the LSTM model to identify hoax has several steps, including dataset collection, pre-processing data, word embedding using pre-trained Word2Vec, built the LSTM model. Detection model performance measurement using precision, recall, and f1-measure matrix. This research results the highest average score of precision is 0.819, recall is 0.809, and f1-measure is 0.807. These results obtained from the combination of the following parameters, i.e., Skip-gram Word2Vec Model Architecture, Hierarchical Softmax, 100 as vector dimension, max pooling, 0.5 as dropout value, and 0.001 of learning rate.
Pengaruh Status Sosial Ekonomi, Kompetensi, dan Physical Appearance Terhadap Waktu Tunggu Mencari Kerja Alumni Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Udayana
Authors: Widanta Anak Agung Bagus Putu , Kesumajaya IW Wita 
Published: July 2020

This study aims to comprehensively examine the effect of socioeconomic status, competence, and physical appearance and examine which variables are most influential on the waiting time for job search for FEB alumni. Primary data is used as the central estimation, with a sample of FEB Unud alumni in the last three years. Evaluation is done by using multiple linear regression models with independent variables in the form of dummy variables. The estimation results provide a comprehensive picture of the factors influencing the injury time of seeking a job. The alumni work so that this can be a reference for faculties, especially Faculty of Business at Uiversitas Udayana, in developing curriculum and improving learning at the faculty level to produce quality graduates/outputs and approaching market needs productive work. The study results can also be a reference for Universitas Udayana alumni to improve competence and provide an overview in entering the labor market, which is increasingly complex and wins fierce labor market competition.
Pengaruh Kelengkapan Sumber Belajar Terhadap Minat Belajar Siswa SMP Negeri 1 Dedai
Authors: Thoharudin Munawar , Doni Yohanes , Sore Avelius Dominggus 
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this study was to determine the completeness of student learning resources, student learning interest and to determine the effect of completeness of learning resources on student learning interest in Integrated social science subjects in sekolah Menengah Pertama Negeri 1 Dedai School year 2019/2020. The population in this study were all students sekolah Menengah Pertama Negeri 1 Dedai School year 2019/2020 as many as 168 students. This research method reveals quantitative by using the form of research that is the explanation format. This research data collection technique is indirect communication techniques and documentation. used were Likert scale questionnaire. research result There is a significant influence of the completeness of learning resources on student learning requests in integrated social science subjects as evidenced by the t value of 6.815 <t table 1.981. It can be concluded that the independent variable (X) tested has an influence on the dependent variable (Y). With the meaning of the word Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted.
Komparasi Penggunaan Modul Cetak dengan Multimedia Interaktif Terhadap Hasil Belajar Ditinjau dari Kreativitas Siswa
Authors: Fitrisia Reni , Jalinus Nizwardi 
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan hasil belajar Keterampilan Komputer dan Pengelolaan Informasi (KKPI) siswa kelas XI yang menggunakan multimedia interaktif dengan yang menggunakan modul cetak ditinjau dari kreativitas di SMK N 2 Bukittinggi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen semu dengan sampel satu kelas eksperimen dan satu kelas kontrol yang dipilih dengan teknik cluster porpusive sampling. Data kreativitas siswa diperoleh dengan menggunakan Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking (TTCT). Hasil penelitian dianalisis menggunakan analisis varian dua arah dan uji t. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa : 1) hasil belajar siswa yang menggunakan multimedia interaktif lebih baik dibandingkan dengan yang menggunakan modul cetak, 2) hasil belajar siswa berkreativitas tinggi yang menggunakan multimedia interaktif lebih baik dibandingkan siswa berkreativitas tinggi yang menggunakan modul 3) hasil belajar siswa berkreativitas rendah yang menggunakan multimedia interaktif juga lebih baik dibandingkan siswa berkreativitas rendah yang menggunakan modul cetak, dan 4) terdapat interaksi antara strategi pembelajaran yang menggunakan multimedia interaktif atau modul cetak dengan kreativitas siswa dalam mempengaruhi hasil belajar KKPI siswa kelas XI di SMK N 2 Bukittinggi