bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Study at a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital
Authors: Timalsina Santosh , Pandit Pratima 
Published: January 2020

Introduction: The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of risk fac­tors that is responsible for most of the excess cardiovascular morbidity amongst patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Presence of MetS in T2DM markedly increases the risk for coronary heart disease, stroke and premature deaths. This study was undertaken to find the prevalence of MetS and its individual components among patients with T2DM visiting Chitwan Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Bharat­pur, Nepal.
Methods: A laboratory-based descriptive cross sectional study carried out at CMC-TH between January and August, 2017. Data obtained in­cluded anthropometric indices, blood pressure and fasting serum lipid profile. National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III) criteria were used for diagnosis of MetS. Data was ana­lyzed using SPSS version 20.
Results: The overall prevalence of MetS among 150 T2DM patients (Mean age= 53.70±10.83 years, Male:Female=84:66) was 60%. The prev­alence was higher in females compared to males (75.75% vs.47.62%, P<0.001). High blood pressure was the commonest MetS component. Following that, decreased HDL-c was the predominant component in females whereas raised triglyceride in the males. SBP/DBP, BMI and waist circumference were significantly associated with MetS.
Conclusion: The prevalence of MetS is high in diabetic patients, particu­larly in females and middle age group adults, with high blood pressure and hypertriglyceridemia as the commonest abnormalities. As MetS adds to the cardiovascular risk to the already at-risk diabetic popula­tion, timely identification and appropriate intervention is of utmost im­portance in reduction of disease burden in T2DM patients.
Status of Geriatric Patients with Abdominal Pain Presented To Emergency Department
Authors: Lamsal Daya Ram , Bhandari Jeetendra 
Published: January 2020

Background: As the development of better health facilities with advanced tools for diagnosis and management our country is not away from global trend. Nepal’s life expectancy at birth is increasing at its pace, it has in­creased in about 30 years in last 4 decades. Among the various problem presenting to ED abdominal pain is one of the common complain elderly patients are greater risk of missing life-threatening causes during evalua­tion and investigation. The aim of the study wasEdit to identify the frequency, cause and outcome of patient presenting in Emergency department with abdominal pain.
Methods: It is a retrospective study conducted in tertiary care center at Chitwan, Nepal during the period from 01/09/2017 to 30/08/2018. Elec­tronic data entered by medical officer were retrieved and analyzed. Statis­tical analysis of the record was done using SPSS 16 software.
Results: Elderly population who presented with chief complaints of ab­dominal pain was 1160 (21.79%). Among the patient presented with ab­dominal pain 605(52.2%) were male and 555(47.8%) were female. Mean age of patients was 71.72±8.50 years. Most common system involved was gastrointestinal and biliary problem 730(62.93%). Most common diagno­sis was Urinary tract infection 269 (23.2%) among them, 487(41.98%) re­quired hospital admission.
Conclusions: Abdominal pain is one of the common presentations of el­derly to emergency department. Disorders of Gastrointestinal and biliary system were among leading causes of emergency visit. Emergency phy­sician should be tactful to identify life threatening conditions and emer­gency management.
Household Drinking Water Storage Intervention to Assess its Impact on Water Quality at Mae La Temporary Shelter
Authors: Shwe Valerie Daw Tin , Somrongthong Ratana , Chapman Robert Sedgwick 
Published: January 2020

Background: Diarrhoea cases make up nearly two-thirds of total clinic visits at Mae La temporary shelter, Thailand, 40% being under five diar­rhoeal cases. The use of a safe storage container for drinking water may prevent contamination and reduce diarrhoeal disease morbidity in camp residents. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of safe drinking water storage containers and diarrhoeal diseases in under 5 children at the Mae La temporary shelter.
Methods: A randomized controlled trail was conducted in 400 households with at least one child under 5 years old over a period of four months. In­tervention households received safe containers, while control households did not. Households were visited twice weekly during the three-month follow-up. Recent occurrence of diarrhoea in children under five was as­certained and residual chlorine levels in drinking water were measured. The results were analyzed by chi-square tests and survival analyses.
Results: Overall, the study found a 75% reduction of under five diarrhoea in the intervention group and 3.5-times less risk than control group sub­jects. Key factors associated with under five diarrhoea were: study group participation, no formal education of household primary caregivers; main sources of acquired drinking water; awareness regarding tap water chlori­nation; length of time living in camp
Conclusions: In conclusion, intervention group participants were found to experience a reduction in diarrhoea morbidity when compared to their control group counterparts. E. coli contamination of drinking water was very common, suggesting little or no protection from chlorination.
Spectrum of ocular diseases in aftermath of monsoon flood in Nepal
Authors: Sahu Sabin , Bhutia Tshering Wangchuk , Shrestha Varun , Malla Tejsu , Singh Sanjay Kumar 
Published: January 2020

Background: Floods are common global natural disasters that occur occasionally in Nepal. Numerous environmental damages and health impacts are known to occur due to direct effect of flooding. There are limited studies reporting the ocular diseases after the event of floods using a large population data. We aimed to present the spectrum of flood-related ocular diseases after monsoon flood in Nepal using a community-based database.
Methods: A descriptive, cross sectional study design was used to collect the data from di­agnostic screening and treatment camps organized in flood-affected areas between one to three weeks after the monsoon flood in Nepal. The data was analyzed using the excel sheet and the results were presented in frequency and percentage in the frequency distribution tables.
Results: The children and elderly constituted majority of patients. Females constituted 54% while males were 46% of the total patients presenting at the camps. The incidence of infec­tive ocular diseases was 23.8% and that of traumatic ocular injuries was 6.2% of total ocular diseases. Acute conjunctivitis was the most common infective ocular disease (21.1%) fol­lowed by keratitis (2.7%). Corneal abrasions (1.4%), subconjunctival hemorrhage (1.1%) and lid ecchymosis (0.7%) were common clinical diagnosis following traumatic ocular injury.
Conclusions: The infective ocular diseases and traumatic ocular injuries are common flood-related ocular diseases seen within one to three weeks after flood receded. The knowledge of these expected ocular morbidities may help for proper planning and organization of such relief camps. Early diagnosis and treatment of these diseases can reduce the ocular morbidi­ties.
Perception of nurses regarding family needs of critically ill patients in a tertiary hospital of Kathmandu: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Pandey Sabita , Shrestha Roshanee , Paudel Narayani 
Published: January 2020

Background: Getting serious illness and being admitted in critical care unit is always stressful to patient and family members. Meeting the needs of family members of patients in the intensive care unit is a primary responsibility of intensive care unit staff and an important criterion in assessment of quality of care.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the family members’ needs of critically ill patients as perceived by nurses.
Methodology: A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted among 50 nurses from different critical care unitsof Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital using purposive sampling technique. Structured questionnaire was developed by referring to “Critical Care Family Needs Inventory”in our context for data collection and collected data was analyzed by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 16.
Results: The mean age of the respondents was 24.98 ± SD 2.77.Regarding education and experience, 58% respondents had proficiency certificate level and 42% had bachelor level education and mean working experience in critical care unit was 37.54 months. Regarding the importance of family needs, 86% nurses perceived “explanation about the critical care unit environment before admitting the patient in critical care unit” as very important need for the relatives. Likewise, 58% nurses perceived “to know which staff members could give what type of information” and “to be alone at any time” as the least important needs.
Conclusion: The study found that clear explanation about the critical care environment to the relatives is very important to gain co-operation from them in treatment of critically ill patients. Hence, staff of critical care unit needs to be aware in meeting the needs of relatives.
‘Гады’ и ‘рыбы’ аквариумного отображения (1)
Authors: Czerwiński Piotr 
Published: January 2020

Na przykładzie symboliki akwarium zawartej w sennikach wyprowadzane są i określane cechy, właściwe dla odbioru i odczuwania tak zwanych obrazów imaginatywnych, obrazów charakterystycznych dla wyobrażania, odczuwania, przeżywania i uświadamiania, konceptualno-oceniających i sensytywnych w swojej istocie wrażeń. Prezentowane są założenia powiązane z obserwacją obiektu, jak również przebywaniem, znajdowaniem się w nim (dotyczy akwarium). Określane są cechy, które oddzielnie jak i wspólnie charakteryzują omawiane stany. Tytułowe gady i ryby na podstawie przytaczanych interpretacji w sennikach są, z jednej strony, elementem zapełniającym akwarium i projekcją jego pozytywu (negatywu w aspekcie ich braku). Z drugiej strony, w sposób niewidoczny, lecz odczuwalny, wchodzą w relacje z obserwującym je w akwarium podmiotem, a następnie znajdującym się w nim człowiekiem, po części w pewnym stopniu utożsamianym z owym podmiotem. Wszystko to razem, charakteryzując semantykę omawianych obrazów (akwarium oraz gadów i ryb w nim), stanowi klucz do zrozumienia i wyjaśnienia zdolności ludzkiej świadomości do przeniesienia samego siebie na inny byt, z interpretacją świata widzialnego, jak i niewidzialnego, i przez siebie przeżywanego.
Exploration of Historical Learning Strategies at SMAN 37 Jakarta
Authors: Marta Nur'aeni , Robinson Situmorang  
Published: January 2020

This study aims to figure out the history teacher creativity in developing in history instruction variations in class. The subject matter of history has distinction characteristic with other subject, because history concern with the past. The historical characteristic became challenges for the history teacher to create variation in instructional, in order to make instructional activity more pleasure. This study using the qualitative method. The Material for this study acquiring from the key informan and core informan based on purposive sampling.
The Curiculum of 2013 highlights that in the history instructional activity, the teacher has not only learn about the rememberes facts but also meaning behind it. The teacher has to develop a kind of creativity in instructional variation to stimulate the student eager in learning. The study shows that the SMAN 37 Jakarta history teacher ability in instructional activity resulting some creation in class management by activity involving student in history learning in class. The teacher creativity still limited in make condusive circumstance in learning by using variative methods. Meanwhile, there still rare effort in creation of developing of learning material. The teacher creativity still limeted in the problem of knowledge transfering.
EVALUATION OF ANTI-DIABETIC ACTIVITY OF FICUS BENGALENSIS LINN IN ALLOXAN INDUCED RATS
Authors: A Fegade Sachin , M Siddaiah 
Published: January 2020

The present study was aimed to evaluate the anti-diabetic activity of isolated compounds from aerial parts of Ficus bengalensis in alloxan induced diabetic rats. Diabetic wistar albino rats were treated with standard drug Glibenclamide and prepared drug extract in 150 mg/kg. Hypoglycemic effect was evaluated in these rats and the efficacy of isolated compounds was administered in alloxan induced diabetic rats. At the end of study period blood glucose level were statistically analyzed based on the results. Isolated fractions produced a significant reduction in blood glucose level when compared with non-treated diabetic rats. So the present research work was confirmed that the isolated compounds possess hypoglycemic effect significantly.
Keywords: Ficus begalensis, antidiabetic, allaxon induced, Diabetes mellitus.
ASSESSMENT OF MEDICATION KNOWLEDGE, MEDICATION ADHERENCE AND HEALTH RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE (HRQoL) AMONG OUT PATIENTS IN TERTIARY CARE CARDIAC HOSPITAL
Authors: Mohamed Thayub S  , Lydia Jeris W  , RajGanesh R  , Jaya Shree D  , Kotturathu Mammen Cherian  
Published: January 2020

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality in India. Adherence to medication has been shown to reduce mortality and rate of hospital readmissions. Medication adherence as well as patient’s medication knowledge is also an important factor in validation and management of chronic illness. HRQoL indicates patient’s perceptions of their general, physical, mental health status and describes health burden in a population. Hence the aim of this was to assess the level of medication adherence, barrier to medication compliance, association between knowledge about medication and medication adherence and health related quality of life among CVD patients.
Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted for a period3 months. Interview questionnaires for socio-demographic and clinical characteristics as well as the HRQoL, medication adherence, medication knowledge were used to collect data from 211 patients from the cardiovascular unit of Frontier Lifeline Hospital.
Result: Of the study population 59% were male and had a mean age of 58 years. The majority of participants (53%) were taking more than five medications. 34% of the study population had low adherence towards medication intake. The physical component of HRQOoL revealed that 28% of the participants had low scores in physical functioning, bodily pain and general health domains.
Conclusion: Medication adherence may be a surrogate marker of Health Related Quality of Life among patients and hence health care providers should identify patients with poor medication adherence and monitor their medication use.
Keywords: Medication Adherence, HRQoL , Medication Knowledge , Cardiovascular Patients
Persepsi Masyarakat Terhadap Program Reklamasi Lahan Bekas Tambang di Desa Gunung Muda Kecamatan Belinyu Kabupaten Bangka
Authors: Habibah Nur , Agustina Fournita , Yulia Yulia 
Published: January 2020

Kegiatan penambangan berdampak secara nyata terhadap lingkungan, sehingga perlu dilakukan reklamasi. Menurut bagian K3LH PT TIMAH Tbk Reklamasi Kebun Percontohan Air Nyatoh ialah salah satu reklamasi terbaik yang telah dilakukan PT TIMAH Tbk. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah (1) mendeskripsikan persepsi masyarakat terhadap program reklamasi lahan bekas tambang kebun percontohan Air Nyatoh PT TIMAH Tbk di Desa Gunung Muda Kecamatan Belinyu Kabupaten Bangka (2) menganalisis hubungan faktor sosial ekonomi dengan persepsi masyarakat terhadap program reklamasi lahan bekas tambang kebun percontohan Air Nyatoh PT TIMAH Tbk di Desa Gunung Muda Kecamatan Belinyu Kabupaten Bangka. Metode penelitian menggunakan adalah metode studi kasus. Alat analisis yang digunakan adalah statistik deskriptif atau deskriptif kuantitatif dengan skala likert dan analisis korelasi rank spearman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan masyarakat sangat setuju dengan program reklamasi dengan persentase nilai 83,7 persen sehingga program ini dinilai berhasil oleh masyarakat. Hasil analisis rank spearman diketahui bahwa hubungan faktor sosisal ekonomi dengan persepsi sangat lemah. Hubungan antara umur dengan persepsi dengan nilai -183. Hubungan antara pendidikan dengan persepsi dengan nilai 0,181. Hubungan antara pendapatan dengan persepsi dengan nilai -0,010. Hubungan antara lama bermukim dengan persepsi dengan nilai -0,182. Hubungan sangat lemah karena jawaban masyarakat yang homogen.
Konsep Tasawuf Sunni: Mengurai Tasawuf Akhlaqi, Al-Maqamat dan Ahwal, Al-Ma’rifah dan Mahabbah Perspektif Tokoh Sufi Sunni
Authors: Hanifiyah Fitriyatul 
Published: January 2020

Abstract: Sufism is self-cleansing and the human soul for the means to draw closer to God Almighty. The development of Sufism today can not be separated from the tendency of spiritualism. we cannot ignore that there are two very important technical terms namely maqamat and ahwal in Sufism. To reach the position of maqamat and ahwal the stages must be passed by a Sufi. Achievement at the highest station can be realized in the form of behavior changes or commendable morals. That character will deliver a Sufi to the level of mahabbah and ma'rifah. The research method used in this research is the study of literature (Library Research). For the results of this study that Sufism is a pattern of Sufism Sufism whose teachings go back to the Qur'an and Sunnah. Maqam and hal are a way to achieve the ideal of the Sufis. Through the process of purification of the soul against the tendency of matter to return to the light of God. When God manifests himself in the soul and clean heart of man in both His majesty and beauty, a person will love the manifestation and feel certain joys, heart feels close (qurb), love (mahabbah), raja’ , serenity and sense sure.These mental conditions are called ahwal. Keywords: Sufism, Maqamat and Ahwal, Mahabbah and Ma’rifah
Islam Transnasional vs Islam Moderat: Upaya NU dan MD dalam Menyuarakan Islam Moderat di Panggung Dunia
Authors: Asroor Zaimul 
Published: January 2020

Abstract: Transnational ideologies with a "fierce" face such as HTI, Muslim Brotherhood and Salafi have progressed from year to year, especially after the reformation. This is evidenced by their success infiltrated into the bodies of two large Indonesian Islamic organizations known to be very moderate (NU and MD) in the 2006-2007s. In response to this, the 33rd NU conference and the 47th MD conference in 2015 seemed to be evidence of the seriousness of the two organizations to not only improve themselves after being infiltrated but also to make both of them intensified to introduce Indonesian Islamic patterns to the outside. This paper concludes that the face of moderate Islam in Indonesia will be maintained as long as NU and MD remain steadfast as the "bodyguards" of the Republic of Indonesia. More than that, both of them are determined to utter a new Islamic model typical of Indonesia on the world stage, namely Islam Nusantara Berkemajuan. Therefore, the efforts of the transnational movement whose agenda is to replace the foundation of the Indonesian state into a caliphate will end in vain. Keywords: Moderate Islam, Indonesia's Contributions, NU, MD, Transnational Ideology.
Kontestasi Hadis Azimat di Masyarakat Online
Authors: Qudsy Saifuddin Zuhri 
Published: January 2020

Indonesia dikenal sebagai bangsa yang multikultural, baik budaya, suku, agama, atau yang lainnya. Sebagai agama yang monoteis, Islam tidak serta merta menerima ragam budaya yang dijumpainya di Indonesia. Terhadap azimat misalnya, sebagai benda warisan budaya yang diyakini memiliki kekuatan, Islam menggaris bawahi dengan benang merah. Pasalnya, dengan benda yang mungil sangat rentan membawa penggunanya dalam kemusyrikan. Dalam menyikapi benang merah tersebut muncul pandangan dan sikap yang beragam dari umat Islam. Artikel ini membahas kontestasi azimat di tengah masyarakat online. Dari hasil penelusuran, diperoleh beberapa rujukan yang berupa hadis Nabi, atsar sahabat, dan pendapat ulama terkait azimat ini. Dua rujukan pertama, menyajikan informasi akan kebolehan sekaligus larangan penggunaan azimat. Sementara yang terakhir lebih pada menjelaskan kosa kata inti yang dinilai sebagai kunci dalam memahami persoalan ini. Dari sisi kontestasi yang terjadi di masyarakat online ditemukan adanya empat kecenderungan yang bisa digunakan sebagai pemetak sikap mereka; keilmiahan data, keobyektivan penilaian, wawasan seputar azimat, dan cara penyampaian pendapat. Masing-masing mengesankan adanya saling mempengaruhi dan pengeksistensian diri. Kemudian pada tingkat pemahaman mereka terhadap teks keislaman yang ada, mereka yang alergi terhadap azimat hanya berhenti pada hadis yang melarangnya. Mereka enggan menggali informasi lebih lanjut mengenai hadis-hadis yang lain atau penjelasan daripada hadis yang mereka pegang sebagaimana yang dilakukan masyarakat online satunya. Key Word: kontestasi, azimat, masyarakat online, pemahaman agama.
EKSPERIMENTASI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE STUDENT TEAMS ACHIEVEMENT DIVISIONS MODIFIKASI PENEMUAN TERBIMBING TERHADAP PRESTASI BELAJAR MATEMATIKA DITINJAU DARI KEMAMPUAN VERBAL
Authors: Herlina Herlina 
Published: January 2020

The purpose of this study was to compare the learning achievement using cooperative learning model Student Teams Achievement Divisions with cooperative learning model Student Teams Achievement Divisions modification of guided discovery in terms of verbal abality. Based on the results of the study concluded that (1) based on a model of learning, the mathematics achievement of students who use cooperative learning model Student Teams Achievement Divisions as good with mathematics achievement of students who use cooperative learning model Student Teams Achievement Divisions modifications guided discovery, both on students who have the high verbal skills, medium and low, (2) base on terms of verbal skills, mathematics achievement of students who have high verbal ability is better than mathematics achievement of students who have medium and low verbal ability, and mathematics achievement of students have medium verbal skillsbetter than mathematics achievement of students have the ability low verbal skills.

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbandingan prestasi belajar yang menggunakan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Student Teams Achievement Divisions dengan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Student Teams Achievement Divisions modifikasi penemuan terbimbing ditinjau dari kemamuan verbal. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa (1) berdasarkan model pembelajaran, prestasi belajar matematika peserta didik yang menggunakan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Student Teams Achievement Divisions sama baiknya dengan prestasi belajar matematika peserta didik yang dikenai model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Student Teams Achievement Divisions modifikasi penemuan terbimbing, baik pada peserta didik yang memiliki kemampuan verbal tinggi, sedang dan rendah, (2) ditinjau dari kemampuan verbal, peserta didik yang memiliki kemampuan verbal tinggi lebih baik daripada peserta didik yang memiliki kemampuan verbal sedang dan rendah, dan peserta didik yang memiliki kemampuan verbal sedang lebih baik daripada peserta didik yang memiliki kemampuan verbal rendah.