bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The central nervous system tumor methylation classifier changes neuro-oncology practice for challenging brain tumor diagnoses and directly impacts patient care
Authors: Karimi Shirin , Zuccato Jeffrey A. , Mamatjan Yasin , Mansouri Sheila , Suppiah Suganth , Nassiri Farshad , Diamandis Phedias , Munoz David G. , Aldape Kenneth D. , Zadeh Gelareh 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
Molecular signatures are being increasingly incorporated into cancer classification systems. DNA methylation-based central nervous system (CNS) tumor classification is being recognized as having the potential to aid in cases of difficult histopathological diagnoses. Here, we present our institutional clinical experience in integrating a DNA-methylation-based classifier into clinical practice and report its impact on CNS tumor patient diagnosis and treatment.

Methods
Prospective case review was undertaken at CNS tumor board discussions over a 3-year period and 55 tumors with a diagnosis that was not certain to two senior neuropathologists were recommended for methylation profiling based on diagnostic needs. Tumor classification, calibrated scores, and copy number variant (CNV) plots were obtained for all 55 cases. These results were integrated with histopathological findings to reach a final diagnosis. We retrospectively reviewed each patient's clinical course to determine final neuro-pathology diagnoses and the impact of methylation profiling on their clinical management, with a focus on changes that were made to treatment decisions.

Results
Following methylation profiling, 46 of the 55 (84%) challenging cases received a clinically relevant diagnostic alteration, with two-thirds having a change in the histopathological diagnosis and the other one-third obtaining clinically important molecular diagnostic or subtyping alterations. WHO grading changed by 27% with two-thirds receiving a higher grade. Patient care was directly changed in 15% of all cases with major changes in clinical decision-making being made for these patients to avoid unnecessary or insufficient treatment.

Conclusions
The integration of methylation-based CNS tumor classification into diagnostics has a substantial clinical benefit for patients with challenging CNS tumors while also avoiding unnecessary health care costs. The clinical impact shown here may prompt the expanded use of DNA methylation profiling for CNS tumor diagnostics within prominent neuro-oncology centers globally.
Effects of functional tasks exercise on cognitive functions of older adults with mild cognitive impairment: a randomized controlled pilot trial
Authors: Law Lawla L. F. , Mok Vincent C. T. , Yau Matthew M. K. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundDementia has been presenting an imminent public health challenge worldwide. Studies have shown a combination of cognitive and physical trainings may have synergistic value for improving cognitive functions. Daily functional tasks are innately cognitive demanding and involve components found in common exercise. Individuals with mild cognitive impairment may demonstrate difficulties with complex activities of daily living. Functional tasks could possibly be used as a means of combined cognitive and exercise training for improving cognitive functions. This pilot aims to validate the effects of functional tasks exercise on cognitive functions and functional status in older adults with mild cognitive impairment.MethodsA four-arm, rater-blinded randomized controlled trial. Participants (N = 59) were randomized to either a functional task exercise group, a cognitive training group, an exercise training group, or a waitlist control group for 8 weeks. All outcome measures were undertaken at baseline and post-intervention using Neurobehavioral Cognitive Status Examination, Trail Making Test A and B, Chinese Version Verbal Learning Test, Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale, and Zarit Burden Interview.ResultsResults of the Kruskal-Wallis one-way ANOVA showed higher improvement in the functional task exercise group with significant between-group differences in memory (p = 0.009) compared to the exercise group and cognitive training group, functional status (p = 0.005) compared to the cognitive training group and waitlist control group, and caregiver burden (p = 0.037) compared to the exercise group and cognitive training group.ConclusionThis pilot study showed that functional tasks exercise using simulated functional tasks as a means of combined cognitive and exercise program is feasible and beneficial in improving the memory and functional status of older adults with mild cognitive impairment as well as reducing the care-related burdens of their caregivers. The present findings warrant further well-designed longitudinal studies to examine the sustainability of effects and draw more definitive conclusions.Trial registrationAustralian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry,ACTRN 12616001635459. Registered on 25 November 2016.
Proteinase 3-antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-positive necrotizing crescentic glomerulonephritis complicated by infectious endocarditis: a case report
Authors: Yanai Katsunori , Kaku Yoshio , Hirai Keiji , Kaneko Shohei , Minato Saori , Mutsuyoshi Yuko , Ishii Hiroki , Kitano Taisuke , Shindo Mitsutoshi , Miyazawa Haruhisa , Ito Kiyonori , Ueda Yuichiro , Hiruta Masahiro , Ookawara Susumu , Ueda Yoshihiko , Morishita Yoshiyuki 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
Proteinase 3-antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody has been reported to be positive in 5–10% of cases of renal injury complicated by infective endocarditis; however, histological findings have rarely been reported for these cases.

Case presentation
A 71-year-old Japanese man with a history of aortic valve replacement developed rapidly progressive renal dysfunction with gross hematuria and proteinuria. Blood analysis showed a high proteinase 3-antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (163 IU/ml) titer. Streptococcus species was detected from two separate blood culture bottles. Transesophageal echocardiography detected mitral valve vegetation. Histological evaluation of renal biopsy specimens showed necrosis and cellular crescents in glomeruli without immune complex deposition. The patient met the modified Duke criteria for definitive infective endocarditis. On the basis of these findings, the patient was diagnosed with proteinase 3-antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-positive necrotizing crescentic glomerulonephritis complicated by Streptococcus infective endocarditis. His renal disease improved, and his proteinase 3-antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody titer normalized with antibiotic monotherapy.

Conclusion
Few case reports have described histological findings of proteinase 3-antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-positive renal injury complicated with infective endocarditis. We believe that an accumulation of histological findings and treatments is mandatory for establishment of optimal management for proteinase 3-antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-positive renal injury complicated with infective endocarditis.
Preferences for mental health treatment for post-partum depression among new mothers
Authors: Simhi Meital , Sarid Orly , Cwikel Julie 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
The prevalence rate of postpartum depression (PPD) is 9 to 17% among mothers, with higher rates among low income and immigrant populations. Due to the negative effects of PPD symptoms on both the mother and baby, treating mothers with depression symptoms is of great importance. This study examined treatment preferences for PPD among Israeli mothers with and without PPD symptoms, specifically focusing on treatment centers, type of professional and mode of treatment, to help develop relevant policies to promote the health of mothers by reaching a deeper understanding of their preferences.

Methods
1000 mothers who attended Maternal Child Health Clinics (MCHCs) in Israel for their infant’s first medical exam participated in a cross-sectional survey.

Results
In this sample, 8.4% of the participants suffered from PPD. Mothers with PPD compared to those without symptoms had lower economic status, were more likely to be single, to be first-time mothers, have an unemployed partner and to have immigrated to Israel. Mothers with PPD preferred private mental health practice and community treatment centers by mental healthcare professionals. They also preferred group interventions and personal psychotherapy rather than technology-based interventions.

Conclusions
The study findings support the formulation of mother-sensitive health policies based on understanding mothers’ preferences, and thus, help prepare treatment alternatives that will suit different groups of mothers with PPD, for the benefit of mothers, newborns, and families. Disseminating the results of this study among professionals as part of professional training, can promote appropriate treatment facilities and modes of care for mothers with PPD.
Aurora B functions at the apical surface after specialized cytokinesis during morphogenesis in C. elegans
Authors: Bai Xiaofei , Melesse Michael , Sorensen Turpin Christopher G. , Sloan Dillon E. , Chen Chin-Yi , Wang Wen-Cheng , Lee Po-Yi , Simmons James R. , Nebenfuehr Benjamin , Mitchell Diana , Klebanow Lindsey R. , Mattson Nicholas , Betzig Eric , Chen Bi-Chang , Cheerambathur Dhanya , Bembenek Joshua N. 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT
Although cytokinesis has been intensely studied, the way it is executed during development is not well understood, despite a long-standing appreciation that various aspects of cytokinesis vary across cell and tissue types. To address this, we investigated cytokinesis during the invariant Caenorhabditis elegans embryonic divisions and found several parameters that are altered at different stages in a reproducible manner. During early divisions, furrow ingression asymmetry and midbody inheritance is consistent, suggesting specific regulation of these events. During morphogenesis, we found several unexpected alterations to cytokinesis, including apical midbody migration in polarizing epithelial cells of the gut, pharynx and sensory neurons. Aurora B kinase, which is essential for several aspects of cytokinesis, remains apically localized in each of these tissues after internalization of midbody ring components. Aurora B inactivation disrupts cytokinesis and causes defects in apical structures, even if inactivated post-mitotically. Therefore, we demonstrate that cytokinesis is implemented in a specialized way during epithelial polarization and that Aurora B has a role in the formation of the apical surface.
Introduction to the Special Issue on Smart Sensors for Scalable Computing
Authors: Luhach Ashish Kumar , Jat Dharm Singh , Ghazali Kamarul Hawari bin 
Published: December 2019

Various ICT applications, whether for city infrastructures, factories, or wearable devices, use large arrays of sensors collecting data for transmission over the Internet to a central, cloud-based computing resource. Analytics software running on the cloud computers reduces the huge volumes of generated data into actionable information for users, and commands to actuators back out in the field. So, smart sensors are one key factor in various ICT Application successes – but these are not conventional types, which simply convert physical variables into electrical signals. They have needed to evolve into something more sophisticated to perform a technical, scalable and economical viable role within the ICT environment.
This special issue is devoted to the latest research in smart sensors for scalable computing in various application area such agriculture and Industries 4.0.
Optimization of an H0 photonic crystal nanocavity using machine learning
Authors: Abe Ryotaro , Takeda Taichi , Shiratori Ryo , Shirakawa Shinichi , Saito Shota , Baba Toshihiko 
Published: December 2019

Using machine learning, we optimized an ultrasmall photonic crystal nanocavity to attain a high

Q

. Training data were collected via finite-difference time-domain simulation for models with randomly shifted holes, and a fully connected neural network (NN) was trained, resulting in a coefficient of determination between predicted and calculated values of 0.977. By repeating NN training and optimization of the

Q

value on the trained NN, the

Q

was roughly improved by a factor of 10–20 for various situations. Assuming a 180-nm-thick semiconductor slab at a wavelength approximately 1550 nm, we obtained

Q
=

1

,

011

,

400

in air; 283,200 in a solution, which was suitable for biosensing; and 44,600 with a nanoslot for high sensitivity. Important hole positions were also identified using the linear Lasso regression algorithm.
Benzodiazepines use in elderly patients attended at a Public Pharmacy in Pernambuco Brazil
Authors: Freitas Eliane Da Silva , Diniz Joaquim Alves , Alves Natália Rodrigues , Leite Pedro Ivo Palacio , Rolim Neto Modesto Leite , Carvalho Poliana Moreira Medeiros de 
Published: December 2019

: The elderly people are the group that most use psychotropic drugs, due to psychiatric comorbidity and somatic conditions. In Brazil some benzodiazepines are part of the National List of Essential Medicines (RENAME) being distributed free of charge, facilitating the population access, which can lead to irrational use. Methods: Cross-sectional, descriptive research through a qualitative and quantitative study of benzodiazepine use in patients attended at the Cedro Basic Pharmacy in the city of Cedro-PE. The data collection was done with the application of a semi-structured questionnaire. The pattern of benzodiazepine use has been described through patient-reported symptomatology, therapeutic adherence, medical specialty, dose increase without medical consultation, and adverse effects reported during the drug use. Results: There was a predominance of females (58.33%). The most commonly used benzodiazepine was diazepam (66.67%). The purchase of benzodiazepine without a prescription was reported by 16.67% of the elderly interviewed and an increase in the drug dose without doctor consulting by 25% of the interviewees. Final considerations: The prescription of these drugs for the elderly, as well as the chronic use, should consider the physiological changes caused by aging and the adverse effects of these drugs in order to guarantee a safe treatment. Keywords : Aged; Psychotropic drugs; Drug utilization.
Human dignity: an illusory limit for the evolutive interpretation of the ECHR?
Authors: Bureš Pavel 
Published: December 2019

In this article Pavel Bureš (Senior Lecturer in Public International Law in the Faculty of Law at Palacky University, Czech Republic) aims to portray some basic elements of the relationship between the concepy of human dignity and the evolutive interpretation, setting out key elements, notions and considerations for further thoughts. The article presents some basic issues related to the subject matter, then focuses on the evolutive interpretation, and finally outlines the role of human dignity in the case law related to the evolutive interpretation.
Index keywords: Human rights, human dignity, European Court of Human Rights
Artificial intelligence and adjudication: some perspectives
Authors: Masuhara David M. 
Published: December 2019

In this article the Hon Mr Justice David M. Masuhara, Supreme Court of British Columbia, briefly explores views that would be supportive of AI in the adjudicative process and those that would not. The author starts with a brief description of judicial decision-making and AI and then identifies and discusses the views and then offers dome comments on what an AI adjudication system might look like.
Index keywords: Artificial Intelligence, AI, Judicial procedure, Courts, Information technology
The “Labour” chapter of the Comprehensive Progressive Trans-Pacific Partnership as neoliberal regulation
Authors: Tham Joo-Cheong 
Published: December 2019

With the possibility of Brexit and the UK leaving the European Union and considering joining the Comprehensive Progressive Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP) Professor Joo-Cheong Tham, Melbourne Law School argues that the “Labour” chapter of the CPTPP constitutes a form of neoliberal regulation – faux regulation.
Index keywords: Brexit, United Kingdom, International trade regulation, European Union, Comprehensive Progressive Trans-Pacific Partnership
Commercial registers and transparency
Authors: Heidemann Maren 
Published: December 2019

Commercial registers are a traditional source of information and a service for merchants. They have recently been subject to reform and modernisation and have been joined by additional registers and databases in the pursuit of transparency. In this article Dr Maren Heidemann (Associate Research Fellow at IALS) highlights recent reforms of commercial registers in Europe as well as challenges and opportunities arising from transparency registers and their relationship the traditional commercial register.
Index keywords: Commercial law, Europe.transparency, commercial registers
Combating the laundering of proceeds of crime in the United Kingdom: an analysis of the Criminal Finances Act 2017
Authors: Yakubu Sirajo 
Published: December 2019

In this article Dr Sirajo Yakubu (Researcher and consultant in Economic Crime) analyses the amendments the Criminal Finances Act 2017 in the UK made to the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002. The author focuses analysis on: suspicious activity reports, sharing of information among bodies in the regulated sector, and the newly introduced law on unexplained wealth orders (UWOs).
Index keywords: Economic crime, financial crime, anti-money laundering, United Kingdom
Comparison between the Performance Analysis of Passive Compulsators with Slotted and Slotless Armature Windings Driving a Railgun
Authors: Kulkarni A. S. , Thomas M. Joy 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Compulsators are AC generators which are specifically designed to maximize the current they can deliver for a given duration of time. A passive compulsator is being designed and developed as a source for a railgun which had been designed, fabricated and tested with a capacitor bank in the author’s laboratory. To minimize the internal impedance of compulsators, slotless armature windings are used instead of conventional slotted armature windings. For a constant mass of rotor, performance analysis of compulsator driving a railgun has been done for both slotted and slotless armature windings and the comparison is made between the projectile velocities, peak current, delivered energy density (DED) and stress on the conductor (in the case of slotless armature) between the two designs using flux-linkage or coupled circuit modeling of the system in this paper. From the analysis done using circuit modeling, two designs from both, slotted and slotless compulsators have been selected, such that both result in the same projectile velocity, and modeled and simulated in finite element method (FEM) based software to compute the tangential and radial stresses on the armature conductors as well the flux densities experienced by the conductors and the slots.
The Design of Forecasting System Used for Prediction of Electro-Motion Spare Parts Demands as an Improving Tool for an Enterprise Management
Authors: Kačmáry Peter , Malindžák Dušan , Spišák Ján 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This article describes the design of a simple forecasting system and its practical application to predict the sporadic needs for a spare part. The article shows new approach already implemented in the special servicing and production company in Slovakia and its results during a short period of performance after its implementation. Such a proposed model can be a part of the purchase planning of spare parts within the company’s logistics system. In some companies, the material flow of spare parts is dominant element in terms of logistics costs. Their management is therefore important for cost optimization, customer satisfaction and market sustainability in a competitive environment. The article, in its introductory part, provides an overview of similar practical solutions within the research of this topic, but many models are designed to be applied in a global market environment and predict the amount of spare parts needed in different industries. However, these models are difficult to use for the needs of a small enterprise, because the main problem lies in the time of a spare part demand rather than its quantity. If there is a need for a specific spare part, which costs several hundred or thousands of euros, but the consumption is only a few pieces per year or more than a year, the time prediction of required spare parts is therefore crucial.
The crystal structure of 2-nitroisophthalic acid, C8H5NO6
Authors: Li Shu-Jing , Li Ke , Li Yi-Wen 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
C8H5NO6, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 5.4755(12) Å, b = 14.377(3) Å, c = 11.143(3) Å, β = 99.096(9)°, V = 866.2(3) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0455, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1341, T = 150(2) K.
Surface modification of nano-sized carbon black for reinforcement of rubber
Authors: Gao Maochuan , Zheng Feng , Xu Jinjia , Zhang Shangyong , Bhosale Sanjana S. , Gu Junjie , Hong Ruoyu 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe standard sample IRB7# of nano-sized carbon black was reated by different methods, including washing by alcohol, toluene, water, the emulsion of toluene and water, and heating. Surface activity of the obtained nanoparticles was measured using inverse gas chromatography. The results showed that the dispersion free energy could be significantly increased after heating. The surface activity of three kinds of industrial carbon black was studied after heat treatment at different temperature. The results indicated that surface activity, iodine adsorption number and nitrogen surface area values of carbon black nanoparticles increased with the increase of temperature. However, the dibutyl phthalate adsorption value maintained nearly constant. The performance test of rubber showed that with the increasing heat treatment temperature of carbon black, 300% modulus of rubber increased before 450°C and decreased after 450°C.
Geraniol and cinnamaldehyde as natural antibacterial additives for poly(lactic acid) and their plasticizing effects
Authors: Akgün Mert , Başaran İhsan , Suner Salih C. , Oral Ayhan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The main goal of this study is to prepare antibacterial poly(lactic acid) (PLA) containing cinnamaldehyde and geraniol and to evaluate the antibacterial activity and assess the changes of physical properties of the PLA films. Cinnamaldehyde- and geraniol-incorporated (10%, 20%, 30%, and 50% v/w) PLA films were prepared via solution-casting. While preparing these films, plasticizers were not added to the matrix. Antibacterial activities of these films against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were investigated by the disk diffusion method. Thermal degradation characteristics were analyzed via thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), glass transition, crystallization, and melting temperatures, and enthalpies of the films were determined from differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) scans. Tensile strength and elongation-at-break values of neat PLA and antibacterial-compound-containing films were evaluated and compared after the mechanical tests. Moreover, the changes in the polymer morphology were observed by SEM analysis, and opacity of the films was determined by UV-vis spectroscopy. Our results showed that both compounds provided antibacterial effect to the PLA, with cinnamaldehyde being more effective than geraniol. Moreover, plasticization effects of the compounds were confirmed by DSC analysis.