bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Evaluation of Metals and Heavy Metals in Some Yemeni Crude and Fuel Oil
Authors: Ismail Rokhsana M. , Nagi Fatima Sahleh 
Published: December 2020

Due to high importance of the crude oil to the modern society as a source of energy and as raw material for a wide chemical and petro chemical industries.
In this study we made assessment of metals and heavy metals in some Yemeni crude, and fuel oils namely Mareb crude oil blend, Masila crude oil blend plus two samples from Sounah and Hijah oil fields in Masila basin.
Fifteen metals and heavy metals were determined in above samples, but the most indicated were ( Na, K, Mg, ) and ( V, Co, Ni ) using ICP technique and atomic absorption spectroscopy .
The order of concentration of metals in Yemeni crude oils were as shown in figures:
Na < K < Co < Mg < V < Ni < Ca< Fe < Cd < Al< Zn < Cr < Cu < Pb < Mn.
In Fuel oil: Na < Co < V < Mg < K < Ni < Ca < Fe < Al < Cd < Zn < Cr< Pb < Mn < Cu.
Comparing concentrations of metals in studied sample, in general were less than in crude oil and fuel oil in many countries. That mean Yemeni crude and fuel oil are the best in quality.
The order of concentration of metals in Yemeni crude oils were as shown in figures:
Na < K < Co < Mg < V < Ni < Ca< Fe < Cd < Al< Zn < Cr < Cu < Pb < Mn.
In Fuel oil: Na < Co < V < Mg < K < Ni < Ca < Fe < Al < Cd < Zn < Cr< Pb < Mn < Cu.
Comparing concentrations of metals in studied sample, in general were less than in crude oil and fuel oil in many countries. That mean Yemeni crude and fuel oil are the best in quality.
DEVELOPING SPEAKING SKILL OF GRADE VIII STUDENTS AT SMP NEGERI 1 PALU THROUGH INTERVIEW
Authors: Syam Hijrah , Pettawali M. Tamrin AM. S. 
Published: December 2020

This research aims at developing Speaking Skill through Interview. Its method was quasi-experimental research non-equivalent control group design. Its population was the students of grade VIII at SMP Negeri 1 Palu, in which consists of thirteen parallel classes. The experimental class consists of 29 students and control class consists of 30 students. It was done in eight meetings. The variables of this research were speaking skill and interview. The samples of this research were students of grade VIII C and VIII D, selected through cluster sampling technique. Its results indicate that the application of interview has overcome the students’ problem. After analyzing them, the result of t-counted was 10.01. By applying degree of freedom (df) 57(29+30-2), and the level significant 0.05, the value of t-table was 2.00. So, the value of t-counted was higher than t-table. It means that the hypothesis of this research was accepted. Thus, the interview can be applied to develop speaking skill of students grade VIII at SMP Negeri 1 Palu.
The Potential Barrier and Thermal Stability Dependence on PI Thickness of Al/PI/c-Si Schottky Diode
Authors: Rasheed Hussein Kh. , Kareem Aseel A. 
Published: December 2020

This research investigated the effectiveness of using different thickness values of polyimide (PI) interfacial layer in order to improve electrical and thermal properties of Al/ PI /c-Si capacitor. The PI spectra produced by poly(amic acid) (PAA) were characterized by using FT-IR analysis. After imidization of PAA, some absorption peaks vanished, whereas PI peaks appeared, due to the complete conversion of PAA to PI.
The results show that thermal decomposition resistance of polyimide films increases with the increase of polyimide thickness, because of the increase of the imide bond and the decrease of the average distance between amide groups.
Isolation of Enterococcus Species from Food Sources and Its Antibacterial Activity against Staphylococcus Aureus
Authors: Atiyah Andalus S. , Alkhafaji Marwa H. 
Published: December 2020

The microbial production of substances that have the ability to inhibit the growth of other microorganisms is possibly the most common defense strategy developed in nature. Microorganisms produce a variable collection of microbial defense systems, which include antibiotics, metabolic by-products, lytic agents, bacteriocins and others. The aim of the present study was to isolate and identify Enterococcus spp. and its most prevalent species from food samples and determine its antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus isolates. A total of 50 food samples from different sources (dairy products (20 samples) and vegetables and fish (15 samples each)) were collected from different local markets in Baghdad and cultured. Enterococcus spp were isolated from only 32 food samples. E. faecium was the most predominant species which was recovered from 20 samples (62.5 %), 10 dairies, 7 vegetables, and 2 fish. E. faecalis was found in 8 samples (25 %), 5 vegetables and 3 fish. E. avium was recovered 6.25% as well as E. gallinarium (2 samples for each) Enterococcus avium were all isolated from dairy products but Enterococcus gallinarium one sample isolated from dairies and the other from fish. This study indicates the presence of Enterococcus spp. in the food samples and the ability of these bacteria to produce antibacterial substances which are active against closely related clinical isolates.
The Effects of Akkermansia Munciniphila on Serotonin and Fetuin-A Hormone Levels and Some Biometric Parameters in Obese Patients
Authors: Alajeeli Fakhri 
Published: December 2020

The objective of the present study is to determine the anti-obesity effects of Akkermansia munciniphila on some biometric measurements. 40 patients were divided into two groups, each with 20 patients; G1 group consumed the probiotic of A. munciphila and G2 consumed placebo capsules. The results showed significant effects on the body weight (pâ‰¤ 0.001), which was reduced by a range of -2.29 to -0.7, whereas non-significant differences were observed in the Waist circumferance . The study also showed significant differences (pâ‰¤0.001) between the two groups in the levels of cholesterol (287 vs. 285 mg/dl) , whereas the level of Triglyceride significantly decreased in the treated patients (pâ‰¤0.001). No significant differences were observed in the concentration of fat. There were also significant differences in the levels of fetuin-A (pâ‰¤0.020) and serotonin ( pâ‰¤ 0.039 ). The consumption of the probiotic of A. muciniphila was proved to be beneficial for human health, while further studies are needed to explore more effects.
Serum Levels of Total IgE and Interleukin-13 in a Sample of Allergic Asthma Patients in Baghdad
Authors: Jebur Mohammed Saleh , Saud Asmaa Mohammed 
Published: December 2020

Allergic asthma is a type of asthma that provokes symptoms when an individual is exposed to certain triggers, such as pollen, animal sources of allergens, and other various types of allergens. These allergens cause an immune response that influences lungs and leads to difficulties in breathing. The current study is performed to estimate the concentrations of immunoglobulin E (IgE) and interleukin-13 (IL-13), tested by using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the numbers of eosinophils, calculated by using hematological analyzers, in the blood of patients with allergic asthma. A total of 150 patients and 50 healthy individuals were randomly selected for the study. The results revealed that IgE and IL-13 levels as well as eosinophil percentage were significantly increased (p<0.001) in the patients in comparison to the healthy individuals. These parameters deem to be a key element in allergic asthma pathogenesis. They also help in the diagnosis and management of the disease.
Educación popular ambiental en contextos de crisis. Orientaciones pedagógicas para transitar las alternativas ecosociales
Authors: García Oihane 
Published: December 2020

En el presente artículo analizamos las bases pedagógicas de la educación popular ambiental, desarrollando orientaciones complementarias que amplíen y enriquezcan el conjunto de las pedagogías ambientales. Para ello, revisamos las aportaciones de la pedagogía crítica, descolonizadora y ecofeminista, así como las corrientes holística, praxiológica y comunitaria de la educación ambiental. Nuestra América es el marco de referencia para la elaboración de estas reexiones ya que es aquí donde emerge como alternativa político-educativa, inspirada por el pensamiento y acción de Paulo Freire y las diferentes experiencias de educación popular enraizadas en el territorio. En un contexto de crisis ecológica y social como el actual, queremos valorar las potencialidades socioeducativas de esta propuesta en la construcción colaborativa de las transiciones ecosociales. En este sentido, la educación popular ambiental se revela como una práctica emancipadora que favorece la articulación de sujetos críticos y comprometidos con el entorno, la reapropiación y la resignicación de saberes ambientales y el fortalecimiento de una nueva ética ecobiocéntrica.
Crisis socioecológicas y educación popular ambiental en el mundo rural: la relevancia de Paulo Freire para los estudios críticos de la comunicación ambiental y la educación para el desarrollo sostenible
Authors: Alarcon Ferrari Cristian Edmundo 
Published: December 2020

Este artículo pretende contribuir a la reexión en torno a la relevancia del trabajo de Paulo Freire al pensar problemas pedagógicos y educativos en el mundo rural en el contexto de las múltiples crisis socioecológicas del presente y en la perspectiva de un análisis crítico de los campos de estudio de la educación para el desarrollo sostenible y la comunicación ambiental. Para ello se presenta una lectura en perspectiva del ensayo de Freire ¾Extensión o comunicación? La concientización en el medio rural, en la que se utilizan ejemplos de experiencias pedagógicas y de investigación con foco en temas de sustentabilidad y ruralidad. El artículo discute y propone algunos de los aportes de Freire para la construcción política de la educación popular ambiental en el mundo rural actual.
CICLO DE CONVERSACIONES ANTROPOLOGÍAS DEL SUR: FRESIA SALINAS
Authors: Contreras Paula , Espinoza Claudio , Campos Luis 
Published: December 2020

En esta cuarta entrevista del ciclo de conversaciones Antropologías del Sur, cuyo fin es revisar y pensar formas no hegemónicas de la disciplina, se presenta la trayectoria académica e intelectual de Fresia Salinas (Temuco, 1948), quien tiene una destacada trayectoria en la antropología chilena. Estudia en sus inicios Pedagogía en Castellana para luego estudiar antropología en la Universidad Católica de Temuco, siendo parte de la primera generación de antropólogas y antropólogos de esa casa de estudios. Fresia nos comparte su visión de lo que fue estudiar antropología en los años setenta bajo el régimen dictatorial, y la importancia que tiene el trabajo de campo y la etnografía desde los inicios de su trayectoria en el quehacer antropológico. La entrevistada nos relata cómo desde sus inicios en la antropología se ha especializado en el campo de la metodología, incorporando esos conocimientos al desarrollo de los estudios urbanos. Destaca, entre sus diversas actividades, su rol en el desarrollo de la carrera de Antropología en la Universidad Bolivariana, donde profundiza en la etnografía colaborativa a partir de su trabajo realizado en el Barrio Yungay. En su relato nos muestra no solo su trayectoria en la antropología, sino también distintos hitos de la antropología chilena, invitándonos a cuestionar y reflexionar sobre el presente de la disciplina y a pensar y crear nuevos caminos para el futuro.
EL PAPEL DE LA INTELIGENCIA EMOCIONAL EN EL AFRONTAMIENTO RESILIENTE Y LA SATISFACCIÓN CON LA VIDA EN DOCENTES
Authors: Rodríguez-Donaire Alba , Luna Pablo , Pena Mario , Cejudo Manuel Javier 
Published: December 2020

El presente estudio tuvo como finalidad analizar la relación existente entre inteligencia emocional rasgo, afrontamiento resiliente y satisfacción con la vida en una muestra de docentes. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 195 docentes, siendo el 68% profesoras, con edades comprendidas entre los 25 y los 65 años (M = 47.84; DT = 9.61). El diseño del estudio fue de carácter descriptivo y correlacional. Los instrumentos de evaluación han sido: para evaluar la inteligencia emocional rasgo el cuestionario Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire–Short Form (TEIQue-SF), para evaluar el afrontamiento resiliente la escala Brief Resilient Coping Scale (BRCS) y para evaluar la satisfacción con la vida la escala Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS). Los resultados muestran que IE rasgo presenta una relación positiva con afrontamiento resiliente y satisfacción con la vida. Además, no existen diferencias significativas en función del género en ninguna de las variables. Por último, los resultados evidenciaron la influencia de la inteligencia emocional rasgo en afrontamiento resiliente y satisfacción con la vida en docentes.
DELITOS SEXUALES CONTRA MENORES: ESPECIAL REFERENCIA A AGRESIONES Y ABUSOS SEXUALES
Authors: García Fernández Mª Auxiliadora 
Published: December 2020

Este trabajo pretende hacer un estudio sobre los delitos sexuales relativos a menores, en concreto, abusos y agresiones sexuales, dada la alarma social que en la actualidad provocan estos casos. Para ello, partimos, como no puede ser de otra manera, de su evolución histórico-legislativa, concretando la libertad sexual y la indemnidad sexual como bien jurídico protegido objeto de debate doctrinal y jurisprudencial, definiendo y conceptuando los distintos tipos recogidos en nuestro Código Penal y haciendo, por último, un análisis de las reformas que se pretenden de lege ferenda. What do you want to do ?New mailCopy
Complicações da revascularização do miocárdio em pacientes com diabetes mellitus
Authors: Mota Thalia do Nascimento , Soares Gabriel Porto , Gomes Anamaria de Araújo , Vieira Gabriela Gomes , Campos Leo Nogueira , Gomes Mariana de Araújo , Santos Natany Ezequiel , Ferreira Pauline Christina Campos Martins , Lopes Thayná Valentim 
Published: December 2020

Este artigo buscou elucidar a relação entre a ocorrência de complicações peri e pós operatórias da cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio em pacientes portadores de diabetes mellitus (DM). A DM é uma doença de importância mundial, capaz de causar importantes danos ao sistema cardiovascular, aumentando significativamente o risco e a gravidade da doença aterosclerótica. Trata-se de uma revisão de literatura que avalia o prognóstico de pacientes portadores dessa doença crônica submetidos a diferentes métodos cirúrgicos de revascularização miocárdica, associado a outros fatores de risco. Os resultados apontam que pacientes com DM possuem maior risco de pior evolução após a cirurgia, entretanto, esse é um grupo heterogêneo de pacientes, e outras condições como esquema de tratamento hipoglicemiante, etnia, sexo, idade e história clínica, também contribuem para o desfecho. Conclui-se que a abordagem da doença arterial coronariana em portadores de DM depende de uma abordagem individualizada do paciente e de suas comorbidades.
Is gingival biotype a critical determinant of secondary stability of orthodontic mini-implants – A prospective clinical study using resonance frequency analysis
Authors: Pradhan Sayali Prashant , Nambiar Supriya , Shetty Shravan , Shetty Siddarth , Jose Nidhin Philip 
Published: December 2020

Objectives:
The objectives of the study were to determine the association of gingival biotype and secondary stability of orthodontic mini-implants using resonance frequency analysis.

Materials and Methods:
Twenty patients, each receiving two mini-implants, were divided into two groups; thick and thin gingival biotype based on the thickness of gingiva before mini-implant placement. Implant stability was assessed at the time of placement; at the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th month by resonance frequency analysis. Peri-implant soft-tissue conditions were also examined at each month till 4 months interval using periodontal indices.

Results:
Thick and thin gingival biotype groups showed statistically different implant stability quotient (ISQ). Mini-implants showing signs of failure consistently displayed lesser ISQ. Statistically significant difference was observed in the scores of peri-implant indices of failure and no failure group of mini-implants.

Conclusion:
Mini-implants in thin gingival biotype are more susceptible to failure and peri-implantitis compared to thick gingival biotype. Longitudinal assessment of mini-implant stability may help predict failure so as to avoid long duration and cost of orthodontic treatment.
Biodegradation of orthodontic composites by Streptococcus mutans: An in vitro qualitative and quantitative assessment
Authors: Bationo Raoul , Beugré-Kouassi Monique Lydie Ahia , Jordana Fabienne , Beugré Jean-Bertin 
Published: December 2020

Objectives:
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the degradation products of orthodontic composites (Grengloo, Blugloo, Transbond XT, and Transbond LR) by Streptococcus mutans and then to quantify the levels of released bisphenol A (BPA) using gas-phase chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC–MS).

Materials and Methods:
Orthodontic light-cured composite discs were incubated at 37°C in brain heart infusion (BHI) (control group) and in a culture of S. mutans with BHI (test group). Incubation solutions were collected every 48 h in each group and replaced with fresh solutions. These incubation solutions were accumulated and grouped. The assessment of degradation products from composites was done at 1 and 30 days. Detected BPA was then quantified. The limit of quantification was 0.01 μg/mL.

Results:
Degradation products were present at day 30. For the test group, BPA was detected in Blugloo at day 1 (0.38 μg/mL) and triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) was detected in Grengloo and Transbond LR at day 1.

Conclusion:
S. mutans can hydrolyze long-term orthodontic composites. Monomers such as BPA and TEGDMA may be present in degradation products. It is possible to separate and identify leaching compounds by GC–MS technique.
Research Progress of HPV L1 Capsid Protein in Prediction of Cervical Lesions
Authors: Cheng Jing , Xu Lin , Liu Beibei , Wang Biao , Long Xicui , Li Zhihong , Wu Ruiting , Chen Ruili 
Published: December 2020

Cervical cancer is one of the most common malignant gynecological tumors and has the second highest incidence of all malignancies in females. Chronic and persistent infection with High Risk Human Papillomavirus (HR-HPV) is the main cause of cervical cancer. There is a distinct lack of methodology by which to determine whether cervical epithelial dysplasia is cancerous following HPV infection. HPV L1 capsid protein is a major structural protein of human papillomavirus (HPV)?and it is the main target of the local cellular immune response aiming to combat human papillomavirus after HPV infection within cervical cells. Greater understanding of HPV L1 capsid protein and its association with cervical cytology, histopathology, patient age and human papillomavirus viral load has the potential to contribute toward improved the improved diagnosis and management of cervical cancer, providing useful information for gynecological clinicians in the hope of improving patient treatment and quality of life. This article reviews the predictive utility of HPV L1 capsid protein for cervical lesions.
Exploring the Use of Adverb ‘Literally’ in Corpus of Contemporary American English
Authors: Azizah Indah Nur , Wahya Wahya , Machdalena Susi 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACTThis research aims to describe the use of adverb literally by a native speaker. It is qualitative descriptive research. The main source of this research is the data from one of the online corpora, namely Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA). There are three steps used in this research, namely the data collection, the data analysis, and the display of the analysis of the results. Based on the data from COCA, this research tries to describe the frequency of the use of adverb literally in COCA and how the adverb is used in the sentence by knowing the particle that follows it. Theories used in this research are the theory of adverb by Pichler (2016) which is supported by the theory by Murphy (1993) and the types of an adverb by Frank (1972). The result shows that the frequency of use of the word literally in COCA amounted to 39.109 contained in the range of 1990 to 2019. The adverb is mostly used in the context of spoken language which is 8.339. The collocation and the concordance lines in COCA are used to find out the particle that follows the adverb literally. The collocation in this research is divided into three classes of words, namely verbs, adjectives, and adverbs. Based on the concordance lines of adverbs in COCA, we can know that the adverb does not have the same position in the sentence. The position of adverb literally can change based on the context of the sentence.
Reducing Student’s English Dialogue Anxiety in Online Learning through Board Game
Authors: Nuzulia Rahma , Kepirianto Catur 
Published: December 2020

The COVID 19 has been going on since April 2020 in Indonesia. It has resulted in the Indonesian government, especially the Ministry of Education and Culture, taking preventive steps to minimize contracting the virus. One of them is using online learning for students to go to school. However, there are challenges for teachers and students while learning in an online class, such as students who are often absent, students will quickly feel bored, students tend to be passive in the learning process, students do not master the learning material, and much more. It also happens in an English lesson, especially a dialogue activity. This research aims to prove whether using a board game can be effective media to reduce students’ language anxiety level or not during English learning in an online classroom. The kind of board game is the combination between snake and ladder and candy land, or it has been modified based on learning purpose. The research design used in this research is a quasi-trial non-equivalent control group design. The samples of this research are 60 ninth grades of junior high school students which are divided into the trial and control group. Data analyses used in this research are using SPSS mean score, data deviation, while hypothesis testing used in this research is the Mann-Whitney test. The result showed that a board game can reduce students’ anxiety levels. The data showed that the mean score of students after implementing board game reduces by 2.90 points, while the standard deviation increases by 2.901 points. From the Mann-Whitney test, it is known that Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) is 0.003 or < 0.05 which shows that H0 is rejected, and H1 is accepted. From the data analysis, it can be shown that the board game is effective media to reduce students’ language anxiety in dialogue activity during learning in an online class. Keywords: board game, language anxiety, online learning