bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Selecting behaviour change techniques to reduce sedentary behaviour in people with stroke using the Behaviour Change Wheel
Authors: Wondergem Roderick , Hendrickx Wendy , Wouters Eveline , Bie Rob de , Visser Johanna , Veenhof Cindy , Pisters Martijn 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Research has shown that sedentary behaviour increases the risk of stroke, cardiovascular disease and mortality. People with stroke are highly sedentary. Therefore, reducing sedentary behaviour might reduce the risk of secondary events and death. Personalized strategies using behavioural change techniques (BCTs) directed at reducing sedentary behaviour in people with stroke are currently lacking. Therefore, the aim of this study is to systematically determine the BCTs for a behavioural change intervention, directed at reducing sedentary behaviour in community-dwelling people with stroke,.Method: To complete the stages of the Behaviour Change Wheel , information on understanding the behaviour, identifying intervention functions, identifying BCTs and modes of delivery were needed. Per stage a literature search was conducted and nominal group technique (NGT) sessions were conducted to identify BCTs. The NGT sessions were conducted with professionals working with people with stroke and international researchers working in the stroke or sedentary behaviour field. Four different patients symptom profiles, as frequently seen in clinical practice, were used by participants during the NGT sessions: : 1. no physical or cognitive impairments; profile 2. mainly cognitive impairments; profile 3. mainly physical impairments; and profile 4. both physical and cognitive impairments. Per profile participants made their choice by rating the BCTs.Results: Five BCTs should always be included: ‘goal setting’, ‘action planning’, ‘social support’, ‘problem solving’ and ‘restructuring of the social environment’. For patients without cognitive impairments, ‘self-monitoring’, ‘feedback on behaviour’, ‘information about health consequences’ and ‘goal setting on outcome’ were advised to be included, while for patients with cognitive impairments, ‘prompts/cues’, ‘graded tasks’, ‘restructuring the physical environment’ and ‘social support practical’ should be considered. Conclusion: BCTs were identified for a behavioural change intervention aiming to reduce sedentary behaviour in community-dwelling people with first-ever stroke. BCTs recommendations depend on the presence of physical and cognitive impairments, although ‘goal setting’, ‘action planning’, ‘social support’, ‘problem solving’ and ‘restructuring of the social environment’ are recommended in all people with first-ever stroke. The identified BCTs serve as the basis for further development of a personalized blended care intervention to reduce sedentary behaviour in people with stroke.
Development and validation of a scoring system for predicting cancer patients at risk of extended-spectrum b-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae infections.
Authors: Martinez-Valencia Alvaro Jose , Martínez Brian J Gómez , Ayala Anita M Montañez , Garcia Katherin , Pedraza Ricardo Sánchez , Cetina Leydy Jiménez , Rincón Julio Cesar Gómez , Maldonado Sonia Isabel Cuervo 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-PE) infections are frequent and highly impact cancer patients. We developed and validated a scoring system to identify cancer patients harboring ESBL-PE at the National Institute of Cancer of Colombia. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed medical records of 1695 cancer patients. Derivation phase included 710 patients admitted between 2013 to 2015, ESBL-PE positive culture (n = 265) paired by month and hospitalization ward with Non-ESBL-PE (n = 445). A crude and weighted score was developed by conditional logistic regression. The model was evaluated in a Validation cohort (n = 985) with the same eligibility criteria between 2016 to 2017. Results: The score was based on eight variables (reported with Odds Ratio and 95% confidence interval): Hospitalization ≥7 days (5.39 [2.46 - 11.80]), Hospitalization during the previous year (4 , 87 [2.99 - 7.93]), immunosuppressive therapy during the previous 3 months (2.97 [1.44-6.08]), Neutropenia (1.90 [1.12 - 3.24]), Exposure to Betalactams during previous month (1.61 [1.06 - 2.42]), Invasive devices (1.51 [1.012 - 2.25]), Neoplasia in remission (2.78 [1.25 - 1.17]), No chemotherapy during the previous 3 months (1.90 [1.22 - 2.97]). The model demonstrated an acceptable discriminatory capacity in the Derivation phase, but poor in the Validation phase (Recipient Operating Characteristic Curve: 0.68 and 0.55 respectively). Conclusions: Cancer patients have a high prevalence of risk factors for ESBL-PE infection. The scoring system did not adequately discriminate patients with ESBL-PE. In a high-risk population, other strategies should be sought to identify patients at risk of resistant ESBL-PE infection.
Hypermethylation of the VTRNA2-1 promoter in maternal blood is associated with preterm birth
Authors: You Young-Ah , Kwon Eun Jin , Hwang Han-Sung , Choi Suk-Joo , Choi Sae Kyung , Kim Young Ju 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Preterm birth is associated with an increased risk of neonatal complications and death, as well as poor health and disease later in life. Epigenetics could contribute to the mechanism underlying preterm birth. Results: Genome-wide DNA methylation analysis of whole blood cells from ten women was performed using an Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChips array. We identified 1,581 differentially methylated CpG sites in promotor regions between term and preterm birth. Although the differences were not significant after correcting for multiple tests, seven CpGs on the genomically imprinted VTRNA2-1 showed the largest differences (range: 26–39%). Pyrosequencing verification was performed with blood samples from pregnant women recruited additionally (n = 82). In total, 28 (34.1%) cases showed hypomethylation of the VTRNA2-1 promoter (< 13% methylation), while 54 cases (65.9%) showed a methylation level of 30–60%. Hypermethylation of VTRNA2-1 was associated with an increased risk of preterm birth after adjusting for maternal age, season of delivery, parity and white blood cell count. The mRNA expression of VTRNA2-1 was 0.51-fold lower in women with preterm deliveries (n = 20) compared with women with term deliveries (n = 20). Conclusions: Our results suggest that changes in VTRNA2-1 methylation in maternal blood are related to preterm birth. Further studies are needed to confirm the association of VTRNA2-1 methylation with preterm birth in a large population, and to elucidate the underlying mechanism.
Influence of Tumor Location on Short- and Long-Term Outcomes After Laparoscopic Surgery for Rectal Cancer: A Propensity Score Matched Cohort Study
Authors: Yang Hong , Yao Zhendan , Cui Ming , Xing Jiadi , Zhang Chenghai , Zhang Nan , Liu Maoxing , Xu Kai , Tan Fei , Su Xiangqian 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: This study aimed to evaluate the short- and long-term outcomes after laparoscopic resection for low rectal cancer (LRC) compared with mid/high rectal cancer (M/HRC). Methods: Patients with rectal cancer undergoing laparoscopic resection with curative intent were retrospectively reviewed between 2009 and 2015. After matched 1:1 by using propensity score analysis, perioperative and oncological outcomes were compared between LRC and M/HRC groups. Multivariate analysis was performed to identify independent factors of overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). Results: Of 373 patients who met the criteria for inclusion, 198 patients were matched for the analysis. Laparoscopic surgery for LRC required longer operative time (P＜0.001) and more blood loss volume (P=0.015) compared with M/HRC, and the LRC group tended to have a higher incidence of postoperative complications (16.2% vs. 8.1%, P=0.082). There was no significant difference in local recurrence between the two groups (9.1% vs. 4.0%, P=0.251), whereas distant metastasis was inclined to be more frequent in LRC patients compared with M/HRC (21.2% vs. 12.1%, P=0.086). The LRC group showed significantly inferior 5-year OS (77.0% vs. 86.4%, P=0.033) and DFS (71.2% vs. 86.2%, P=0.017) compared with the M/HRC group. Multivariate analysis indicated that tumor location was an independent predictor of DFS (HR=2.305, 95% CI 1.203-4.417, P=0.012). Conclusion: Tumor location of the rectal cancer significantly affected the clinical and oncological outcomes after laparoscopic surgery, and it was an independent predictor of DFS.
Molecular characteristics of VP1 region of enterovirus 71 strains in China
Authors: Sun Haiyan , Gao Min , Cui Dawei 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is the most commonly implicated as the causative agent of severe and fetal hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) outbreaks.VP1 protein, a capsid protein of EV71, is responsible for the genotype of EV71, which is essential for vaccine development and effectiveness. However, the genotypes of EV71 isolates in China are still not completely clear.Methods: The VP1 gene sequences of 3712 EV71 virus strains from China, excluding repetitive sequences, and 30 known EV71 genotypes as reference strains, between 1986 and 2019 were obtained from GenBank. A phylogenetic tree, amino acid homology, genetic variation and genotype analysis of the EV71-VP1 protein were performed with MEGA 6.0 software.Results: The amino acid identity was 88.33%~100% among 3712 EV71 strains that was 93.47%~100% compared with vaccine strain H07, and 93.04%~100% compared with vaccine strains FY7VP5 or FY-23K-B. Since 2000, the prevalent strains of EV71 were mainly the C4 genotype. Among these the C4a subgenotype was predominant, the C4b subgenotype was the second, and other subgenotypes appeared sporadically between 2005 and 2018 in mainland China. The B4 genotype was the main genotype in Taiwan, and the epidemic strains were constantly changing. Some amino acid variations in VP1 of EV71 occurred with high frequencies: A289T (20.99%), H22Q (16.49%), A293S (15.95%), S283T (15.11%), V249I (7.76%), N31D (7.25%), and E98K (6.65%).Conclusion: The C4 genotype of EV71 in China can match the vaccine, which can effectively control EV71 epidemiology. However, the efficacy of the vaccine strain is partially affected by the continuous change in epidemic strains in Taiwan, China. These studies suggested that the genetic characteristics of the EV71-VP1 region should be continuously monitored, which is critical for epidemic control and vaccine design against EV71 infection in children.
Beach boys in Galle, Sri Lanka: Multiple HIV risk behaviours and potential for HIV bridging
Authors: Bozicevic Ivana , Manathunge Ariyaratne , Beneragama Sriyakanthi , Gadjaweera Chathrini 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: There are limited data globally on HIV in men who engage in casual and transactional sex with female tourists. Methods: In 2018 we carried out a respondent-driven sampling (RDS) survey among beach boys in Galle, Sri Lanka, to determine prevalence of HIV and other infections, HIV risk behaviours and utilisation of HIV prevention services. Eligibility criteria included men who cruise in and around beach areas and who had anal and/or vaginal sex with female or male tourists in the 12 months before the survey. Results: We recruited 373 beach boys. Approximately 49.6% of the participants were married, while 45.7% were single and 4.7% divorced, separated or widowed. A lower percentage of beach boys reported regular partners in the past 12 months (52.3%) compared to casual partners (95.4%). Condom use at last sex with a casual partner was higher (76.7%) compared to condom use with regular partners (58.3%). Condom use at last sex with a tourist was reported by 75.3%. Ever receiving money, goods or services in exchange for sex was reported by 39.7%. For 85.5% of beach boys who sold sex, the last paying partner was a tourist (85.5%) and a woman (82.0%). In the past 12 months before the survey, 32.3% of beach boys paid money for sex, and 99.5% did so from women. Ever been tested for HIV was reported by 35.3%, and 69.1% of those were tested in the six months before the survey. In the adjusted multivariate analysis, significant correlates of never testing for HIV were lack of comprehensive knowledge about HIV and unprotected last sexual intercourse with tourists. The prevalent infections were: HIV, 0.3% (95% CI 0.0-0.4%); syphilis, 0.5% (0.0-1.2%); herpes virus type-2, 5.0% (2.5%-7.5%). Conclusions: There is low level HIV and syphilis prevalence among beach boys in Galle but high level of sexual risk taking. Beach boys may be acting as a bridge for HIV transmission between higher-risk groups (paying female tourists, men who have sex with men) and lower-risk heterosexual female population in Sri Lanka. More research is needed in South-East Asia on men who trade sexual services to female and male tourists.
In vitro resynthesis of lichenization reveals the genetic background of symbiosis-specific fungal-algal interaction in Usnea hakonensis.
Authors: Kono Mieko , Kon Yoshiaki , Ohmura Yoshihito , Satta Yoko , Terai Yohey 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background

Symbiosis is central to ecosystems and has been an important driving force of the diversity of life. Close and long-term interactions are known to develop cooperative molecular mechanisms between the symbiotic partners and have often given them new functions as symbiotic entities. In lichen symbiosis, mutualistic relationships between lichen-forming fungi and algae and/or cyanobacteria produce unique features that make lichens adaptive to wide range of environments. Although morphological, physiological, and ecological uniqueness of lichens have been described for more than a century, the genetic mechanisms underlying this symbiosis remain elusive.

Results

This study investigated the fungal-algal interaction specific to the symbiosis in lichen using Usnea hakonensis as a model system. The whole genome of U. hakonensis , the fungal partner, was sequenced by using the culture isolated from a natural lichen thallus. Isolated cultures of the fungal and the algal partners were co-cultured in vitro for three months, and the thalli were successfully resynthesized into visible protrusions. Transcriptomes of resynthesized and natural thalli (symbiotic states) were compared to that of isolated cultures (non-symbiotic state). Sets of fungal and algal genes up-regulated in both symbiotic states were identified as symbiosis-related genes.

Conclusion

From the predicted functions of these genes, we identified the genetic background of two key features fundamental to the symbiotic lifestyle in lichen. First is an establishment of fungal symbiotic interface: (a) modification of cell walls at fungal-algal contact sites; and (b) production of a hydrophobic layer that ensheaths fungal and algal cells;. Second is a symbiosis-specific nutrient flow: (a) the algal supply of photosynthetic product to the fungus; and (b) the fungal supply of phosphorous and nitrogen compounds to the alga. Since both features are widespread among lichens, our result may indicate important facets of the genetic basis of lichen symbiosis.
Microbiome and metabolic changes in milk in response to artemisinin supplementation in dairy cows
Authors: Hou Kun , Tong Jinjin , Zhang Hua , Gao Shan , Guo Yuqin , Niu Hui , Xiong Benhai , Jiang Linshu 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This study aimed to explore the effects of artemisinin (ART) on the milk microbiome and metabolites of dairy cow. A total of 12 mid-lactation Holstein dairy cows with similar parity, days in milk were randomly divided into 2 groups receiving either a total mixed ration (TMR) as the control group or this TMR and 120 g/d/head ART as the ART group. The milk samples were collected weekly to determine the contents, and end-of-trial (week 8) milk samples were used to identify microbial species and metabolite profiles by 16S rRNA sequencing and LC-MS analyses, respectively. We observed that the milk fat content significantly increased by ART treantment ( P <0.05). The bacterial community richness was significantly lower in the ART group ( P <0.05), while the diversity showed no difference ( P >0.05). Compared with its abundance in the control (CON) group, Firmicutes was significantly decreased, whereas Proteobacteria was significantly increased. Furthermore, in the ART group, the relative abundances of the genera Aer ococcus, Staphylococcus, Corynebacterium_1 and Facklamia were significantly lower ( P <0.01). Metabolomics analysis revealed that ART significantly increasing the concentrations of glycerophospholipids, glycerolipids and flavonoids compared with those in the CON group. An enrichment analysis of the different metabolites showed that ART mainly affected glycerophospholipid metabolism and the pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis pathways. These findings revealed that ART supplementation could affect the milk microbiota and metabolites, that glycerophospholipids and glycerolipids could be potential biomarkers in the milk response to ART feed in dairy cows, and that ART changes substances in milk by maintaining lipid metabolism in the mammary gland.
Mental health among displaced and non-displaced populations in Valledupar, Colombia: Why do inequities continue?
Authors: Monsalve Sonia Diaz , Vargas-Monroy Angélica María , Ariza Jannethe Esmeral , Cuello Ana Maria Oñate , Vera Ana Rosa Ropero , Cuello Juan Carlos Bermudez , Zuleta Lina Arzuaga , Novella Andrés Felipe Cubillos , Quintero Enrique Peñaloza , Ortiz Yesika Natali Fernández , Kroeger Axel 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: During the long lasting civil war in Colombia involving several armed groups, the year 2002 marked a peak of violent activities displacing thousands of people mainly from rural to urban areas, causing social disruption and prolonged poverty. In 2015, the Colombian national survey on mental health provided a first overview of mental health problems of victimized families and individuals (macro level). The here presented study aimed at analysing ongoing inequalities regarding displaced and non-displaced populations in Cesar State (micro level), one of the most affected areas by the armed conflict. Methods: An interview survey was conducted among 211 displaced families and 181 non-displaced families in 2 adjacent compounds with several five-storey buildings in the outskirts of Valledupar, the capital of Cesar State in Colombia. The questionnaires were developed together with and applied by staff of the health and social services of the departmental secretary of health. The 15 interviewers conducted additionally in-depth interviews and participant observations. Results : The peak of internal displacement occurred around the year 2002, affecting disproportionally more the afro-descendent and indigenous populations. However, the marginalization of previously displaced persons is still ongoing. The living conditions in the neighbourhood of the displaced community were quite precarious in terms of lack of security, continuous noise, drug trafficking and poor connection with public transport. Consequently, psycho-emotional problems were more frequent among the displaced compared to the non-displaced neighbourhood. The displaced had experienced more violent acts (intended murder, threat, murder of a family member and kidnapping) and had subsequently a larger number of emotional symptoms (fright, headache, nervousness, depression, sleeplessness). Other stress factors like economic problems, severe disease or death of family members and unemployment prevailed in the community of displaced persons compared to the non-displaced. Non-displaced lived in a more protected environment and were less exposed to violence and stress, although belonging to a similarly low socio-economic stratum. It is recommended to take measures for a better protection of the displaced community, improve their access to the job market, offer different leisure activities (sports club, art, women’s club) and facilitate public transport.
Young age increases the risk of lymph-node metastasis in patients with muscle-invasive bladder urothelial carcinoma
Authors: Tian Zijian , Meng Lingfeng , Wang Xin , Diao Tongxiang , Hu Maolin , Wang Miao , Liu Ming , Wang Jianye 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: The risk of positive lymph nodes in patients with muscle-invasive bladder urothelial carcinoma (MIBC) can be used to guide treatment recommendations. However, little is known about the effect of age on lymph node positivity (LN+). This study aimed to evaluate the effect of age on LN+ in MIBC. Methods: We analyzed patients with stage T2–T4 bladder urothelial carcinoma who had not received preoperative radiotherapy, had at least one lymph node examined, and underwent cystectomy between 1998 and 2015. The Cochran-Armitage trend test and logistic univariate and multivariate analyses were used to evaluate the effect of age on LN+ in all T stages.Results: In total, 15624 patients with MIBC were identified, including 747 patients aged ≤50 years (4.78%), 2614 patients aged 50–59 years (16.73%), 4914 patients aged 60–69 years (31.45%), 5225 patients aged 70–79 years old (33.44%), and 2124 patients aged >80 years (13.59%). In T2–T4 staging, LN+ was negatively correlated with age. After adjustment for several covariates, multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age was an independent risk factor for LN+.Conclusions: In this large SEER analysis, young patients with MIBC were found to have a higher risk of lymph node metastasis. This finding is worthy of further study and may eventually affect treatment decisions in these patients.
Application of seismic multi-attribute inversion based on wireless network sensor in Dongying delta foreset
Authors: Wang Yuanyuan , Wang Cui 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Seismic attributes, which are extracted from seismic information, are physical indexes used specificallyfor the measurement of geometric, dynamic, or statistical characteristics of seismic data. Current methods for seismic multi-attribute inversion include linear and nonlinear methods. By adopting the wireless module of NFC24l01, combined with the seismic data acquisition sensor, constitutes an intelligent network sensor, and then it sends the collected data to the topmost machine for analysis. Methods for the nonlinear inversion of seismic multi-attributes usually employ tools such as neural networks and support vector machines (SVMs)for mapping. Hence, inversion results obtained via nonlinear methodsare more accurate than those obtained via linear methods. In this work, with spontaneous-potential (SP) curves as the objective of nonlinear inversion, an optimized seismic attribute combination for the inversion of SP curves was identified, and the nonlinear inversion of seismic multi-attributes was achieved via the use of a deep neural network (DNN) to obtain 3D SP data. Finally, the foresetting process of a sand body of the intermediate section in Member 3 of the Shahejie Formation in the Dongying Delta was illustrated via the horizon slice of the SP data.