bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Habitat differences filter functional diversity of low dispersive microscopic animals
Authors: Martínez Alejandro , García-Gómez Guillermo , García-Herrero Álvaro , Sánchez Nuria , Pardos Fernando , Izquierdo-Muñoz Andrés , Fontaneto Diego , Mammola Stefano 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWhereas the study of patterns of distribution of microscopic animals has long been dominated by the ubiquity paradigm, we are starting to appreciate that microscopic animals are not as widespread as previously thought and that habitat preferences may have a strong role in structuring their patterns of occurrence. However, we still ignore to what extent and through which mechanisms the environment selects for specific communities or traits in microscopic animals. This gap is partly due to the lack of data on the relevant traits of many species, and partly because measuring environmental variables at an appropriate resolution may be problematic.We here overcome both issues by analysing the functional space of marine mite communities living in a sea-grass (Posidonia oceanica) meadow across two habitats: the leaves and the matte. The strictly benthic lifestyle and the conserved morphology of mites allow for unambiguous characterization of their functional traits, while the discrete nature of the two habitats alleviates the uncertainty in their ecological characterization.Our results show that habitat filters the distribution of certain traits favouring a higher diversity, dispersion, and evenness of functional traits in the matte than in the leaves. We further observed temporal variations in the functional diversity of communities, potentially following the seasonal renovation and decay of seagrass leaves. However, in spite of the stark ecological differences between the two habitats and across seasons, the filtering effect is partial and affects mostly relative species abundances.We conclude that in other microscopic organisms, habitat filtering might appear even more subtle especially if they are capable of long distance dispersal or occur in ecological systems where environmental variables vary continuously or fluctuate through time. Our study therefore emphasises the need of moving from a merely taxonomical toward a functional view of ecological studies of microscopic organisms if we want to achieve a mechanistic understanding of their habitat and distribution patterns.Data availability statementRaw data and R script to generate the analyses will be deposited in a public repository upon acceptance.
Two Regulators of G-protein signaling (RGS) proteins FlbA1 and FlbA2 differentially regulate fumonisin B1 biosynthesis in Fusarium verticillioides
Authors: Yan Huijuan , Zhou Zehua , Shim Won Bo 
Published: September 2020

AbstractFumonisins are a group of mycotoxins produced by maize pathogen Fusarium verticillioides that pose health concerns to humans and animals. Yet we still lack a clear understanding of the mechanism of fumonisins regulation during pathogenesis. The heterotrimeric G protein complex, which consists of Gα, Gβ, and Gγ subunits, plays an important role in transducing signals under environmental stress. Furthermore, regulators of G-protein signaling (RGS) proteins act as negative regulators in heterotrimeric G protein signaling. Earlier studies demonstrated that Gα and Gβ subunits are positive regulators of fumonisin B1 (FB1) biosynthesis and that two RGS genes, FvFlbA1 and FvFlbA2, were highly upregulated in Gβ deletion mutant ΔFvgbb1. Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Aspergillus nidulans contain a single copy of FlbA, but F. verticillioides has two putative FvFlbA paralogs, FvFlbA1 and FvFlbA2. Importantly, FvFlbA2 has a negative role in FB1 regulation. In this study, we further characterized functional roles of FvFlbA1 and FvFlbA2. While ΔFvflbA1 deletion mutant exhibited no significant defects, ΔFvflbA2 and ΔFvflbA2/A1 mutants showed thinner aerial hyphal growth while promoting FB1 production. FvFlbA2 is required for proper expression of key conidia regulation genes, including putative FvBRLA, FvWETA, and FvABAA, while suppressing FUM21, FUM1, and FUM8 expression. Split luciferase assays suggest that FvFlbA paralogs interact with key heterotrimeric G protein components to impact F. verticillioides FB1 production and asexual development.
Comparative Effectiveness of Famotidine in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Shoaibi Azza , Fortin Stephen , Weinstein Rachel , Berlin Jesse A. , Ryan Patrick 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundFamotidine has been posited as a potential treatment for COVID-19. We compared the incidence of COVID-19 outcomes (i.e., death; and death or intensive services use) among hospitalized famotidine users vs. proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) users, hydroxychloroquine users or famotidine non-users separately.MethodsWe constructed a retrospective cohort study using data from COVID-19 Premier Hospital electronic health records. Study population were COVID-19 hospitalized patients aged 18 years or older. Famotidine, PPI and hydroxychloroquine exposure groups were defined as patients dispensed any medication containing one of the three drugs on the day of admission. The famotidine non-user group was derived from the same source population with no history of exposure to any drug with famotidine as an active ingredient prior to or on the day of admission. Time-at-risk was defined based on the intention-to-treat principle starting 1 day after admission to 30 days after admission. For each study comparison group, we fit a propensity score (PS) model through large-scale regularized B logistic regression. The outcome was modeled using a survival model.ResultsWe identified 2193 users of PPI, 5950 users of the hydroxychloroquine, 1816 users of famotidine and 26,820 non-famotidine users. After PS stratification, the hazard ratios for death were as follows: famotidine vs no famotidine HR 1.03 (0.89-1.18); vs PPIs: HR 1.14 (0.94-1.39); vs hydroxychloroquine:1.03 (0.85-1.24). Similar results were observed for the risk of death or intensive services use.ConclusionWe found no evidence of a reduced risk of COVID-19 outcomes among hospitalized COVID-19 patients who used famotidine compared to those who did not or compared to PPI or hydroxychloroquine users.
RNA-bound PGC-1α controls gene expression in liquid-like nuclear condensates
Authors: Pérez-Schindler Joaquín , Kohl Bastian , Schneider-Heieck Konstantin , Adak Volkan , Delezie Julien , Maier Geraldine , Sakoparnig Thomas , Vargas-Fernández Elyzabeth , Karrer-Cardel Bettina , Ritz Danilo , Schmidt Alexander , Hondele Maria , Hiller Sebastian , Handschin Christoph 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) integrates environmental cues by controlling complex transcriptional networks in various metabolically active tissues. However, it is unclear how a transcriptional coregulator coordinates dynamic biological programs in response to multifaceted stimuli such as endurance training or fasting. Here, we discovered a central function of the poorly understood C-terminal domain (CTD) of PGC-1α to bind RNAs and assemble multi-protein complexes. Surprisingly, in addition to controlling the coupling of transcription and processing of target genes, RNA binding is indispensable for the recruitment of PGC-1α to chromatin into liquid-like nuclear condensates, which compartmentalize and regulate active transcription. These results demonstrate a hitherto unsuspected molecular mechanism by which complexity in the regulation of large transcriptional networks by PGC-1α is achieved. These findings are not only essential for the basic understanding of transcriptional coregulator-driven control of biological programs, but will also help to devise new strategies to modulate these processes in pathological contexts in which PGC-1α function is dysregulated, such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases or skeletal muscle wasting.
SpRY greatly expands the genome editing scope in rice with highly flexible PAM recognition
Authors: Xu Ziyan , Kuang Yongjie , Ren Bin , Yan Daqi , Yan Fang , Spetz Carl , Sun Wenxian , Wang Guirong , Zhou Xueping , Zhou Huanbin 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPlant genome engineering mediated by various CRISPR-based tools requires specific protospacer adjacent motifs (PAMs), such as the well-performed NGG, NG, NNG,etc., to initiate the target recognition, which notably restricts the editable range of the plant genome. In this study, we thoroughly investigated the nuclease activity and the PAM preference of two structurally-engineered SpCas9 variants (SpG and SpRY) in transgenic rice. Our study shows that SpG nuclease favors NGD PAMs, albeit less efficiently than the previously described SpCas9-NG and that SpRY nuclease achieves efficient editing across a wide range of genomic loci, exhibiting a preference of NGD as well as NAN PAMs. Furthermore, SpRY-fused cytidine deaminase hAID*Δ and adenosine deaminase TadA8e were generated, respectively. These constructs efficiently induced C-to-T and A-to-G conversions in the target genes toward various non-canonical PAMs, including non-G PAMs. Remarkably, high-frequency self-editing events (indels and DNA fragments deletion) in the integrated T-DNA fragments as a result of the nuclease activity of SpRY were observed, whereas the self-editing of SpRY nickase-mediated base editor was quite low in transgenic rice lines. In conclusion, the broad PAM compatibility of SpRY greatly expands the targeting scope of CRISPR-based tools in plant genome engineering.
Differential dopaminergic modulation of spontaneous cortico-subthalamic activity in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Sharma Abhinav , Vidaurre Diego , Vesper Jan , Schnitzler Alfons , Florin Esther 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPathological oscillations including elevated beta activity in the subthalamic nucleus (STN) and between STN and cortical areas are a hallmark of neural activity in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Oscillations also play an important role in normal physiological processes and serve distinct functional roles at different points in time. We characterised the effect of dopaminergic medication on oscillatory whole-brain networks in PD in a time-resolved manner by employing a hidden Markov model on combined STN local field potentials and magnetoencephalography (MEG) recordings from 17 PD patients. Dopaminergic medication led to coherence within the medial and orbitofrontal cortex in the delta/theta frequency range. This is in line with known side effects of dopamine treatment such as deteriorated executive functions in Parkinson’s disease. In addition, dopamine caused the beta band activity to switch from an STN-mediated motor network to a frontoparietal-mediated one. In contrast, dopamine did not modify local STN-STN coherence in PD. STN–STN synchrony emerged both on and off medication. By providing electrophysiological evidence for the differential effects of dopaminergic medication on the discovered networks, our findings open further avenues for electrical and pharmacological interventions in PD.
Triple molybdates K3–x
Na1+x

M
4(MoO4)6 (M = Ni, Mg, Co) and K3+x
Li1–x
Mg4(MoO4)6 isotypic with II-Na3Fe2(AsO4)3 and yurmarinite: synthesis, potassium disorder, crystal chemistry and ionic conductivity
Authors: Gulyaeva Oksana A. , Solodovnikova Zoya A. , Solodovnikov Sergey F. , Zolotova Evgeniya S. , Mateyshina Yuliya G. , Uvarov Nikolai F. 
Published: September 2020

The triple molybdates K3–x
Na1+x

M
4(MoO4)6 (M = Ni, Mg, Co) and K3+x
Li1–x
Mg4(MoO4)6 were found upon studying the corresponding ternary molybdate systems, and their structures, thermal stability and electrical conductiviplusmnty were investigated. The compounds crystallize in the space group R
3
c and are isostructural with the sodium-ion conductor II-Na3Fe2(AsO4)3 and yurmarinite, Na7(Fe3+, Mg, Cu)4(AsO4)6; their basic structural units are flat polyhedral clusters of the central M1O6 octahedron sharing edges with three surrounding M2O6 octahedra, which combine with single NaO6 octahedra and bridging MoO4 tetrahedra to form open three-dimensional (3D) frameworks where the cavities are partially occupied by disordered potassium (sodium) ions. The split alkali-ion positions in K3–x
Na1+x

M
4(MoO4)6 (M = Ni, Mg, Co) give their structural formulae as [(K,Na)0.5□0.5)]6(Na)[M1][M2]3(MoO4)6, whereas the lithium-containing compound (K0.5□0.5)6(Mg0.89K0.11)(Li0.89Mg0.11)Mg3(MoO4)6 shows an unexpected (Mg, K) isomorphism, which is similar to (Mn, K) and (Co, K) substitutions in isostructural K3+x
Li1–x

M
4(MoO4)6 (M = Mn, Co). The crystal chemistry of the title compounds and related arsenates, phosphates and molybdates was considered, and the connections of the cationic distributions with potential 3D ionic conductivity were shown by means of calculating the bond valence sum (BVS) maps for the Na+, Li+ and K+ ions. Electrical conductivity measurements gave relatively low values for the triple molybdates [σ = 4.8 × 10−6 S cm−1 at 390°C for K3NaCo4(MoO4)6 and 5 × 10−7 S cm−1 at 400°C for K3LiMg4(MoO4)6] compared with II-Na3Fe2(AsO4)3 (σ = 8.3 × 10−4 S cm−1 at 300°C). This may be explained by a low concentration of sodium or lithium ions and the blocking of their transport by large potassium ions.
Study of low load performance on a two-stroke direct injection spark ignition aero-piston engine fuelled with diesel
Authors: Liu Rui , Ji Haocheng , Wei Minxiang 
Published: September 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate power performance, economy and hydrocarbons (HC)/carbon monoxide (CO) emissions of diesel fuel on a two-stoke direct injection (DI) spark ignition (SI) engine.

Design/methodology/approach
Experimental study was carried out on a two-stroke SI diesel-fuelled engine with air-assisted direct injection, whose power performance and HC/CO emissions characteristics under low-load conditions were analysed according to the effects of ignition energy, ignition advance angle (IAA), injection timing angle and excess-air-ratio.

Findings
The results indicate that, for the throttle position of 10%, a large IAA with adequate ignition energy effectively increases the power and decrease the HC emission. The optimal injection timing angle for power and fuel consumption is 60° crank angle (CA) before top dead centre (BTDC). Lean mixture improves the power performance with the HC/CO emissions greatly reduced. At the throttle position of 20%, the optimal IAA is 30°CA BTDC. The adequate ignition energy slightly improves the power output and greatly decreases HC/CO emissions. Advancing the injection timing improves the power and fuel consumption but should not exceed the exhaust port closing timing in case of scavenging losses. Burning stoichiometric mixture achieves maximum power, whereas burning lean mixture obviously reduces the fuel consumption and the HC/CO emissions.

Practical implications
Gasoline has a low flash point, a high-saturated vapour pressure and relatively high volatility, and it is a potential hazard near a naked flame at room temperature, which can create significant security risks for its storage, transport and use. The authors adopt a low volatility diesel fuel for all vehicles and equipment to minimise the number of different devices using various fuels and improve the potential military application safety.

Originality/value
Under low-load conditions, the two stroke port-injected SI engine performance of burning heavy fuels including diesel or kerosene was shown to be worse than those of gasoline. The authors have tried to use the DI method to improve the performance of the diesel-fuelled engine in starting and low-load conditions.
Modeling joint parameters to make sense of helicopter induced emissions effects: greener rotorcraft
Authors: Ekici Selcuk 
Published: September 2020

PurposeThis study aims to ascertain the greenest helicopters by modeling joint parameters to make sense of induced emissions effects of helicopters allocated to various categories.Design/methodology/approachEmission indexes of helicopters construct the pillars of the methodology under use. Three different parameters are derived from emission indices: the index showing grams of pollutants that an engine produces per kWh; the index comparing of pollutant mass depending on the energy content of the fuel; and the index expressing the presence of the unreacted hydrocarbon (unburned) released into the atmosphere as a result of the combustion reaction.FindingsVarious helicopters have been designated as sensitive and insensitive to the environment under various conditions and in different categories. Details are in the conclusions section.Practical implicationsThis study includes methods that can be used to select environmentally sensitive helicopters of various categories according to specific pollutants and their combustion efficiency.Originality/valueThe originality of the work lies in the determination of the most sensitive and insensitive to the environment by using true flight data of helicopters operating in various categories during different flight phases. In addition, this paper with an approach to identifying green helicopters has the capability to support studies on regulations for helicopters in some countries by policymakers.
How does government discourse make people vulnerable?
Authors: Tagalo Romulo Delarmente 
Published: September 2020

PurposeThis paper develops a model of social vulnerability. Specifically, it aims to (1) determine the factors of social vulnerability to flood risks and (2) interrogate the discursive structure and framing of vulnerability within the local domain of disaster governance.Design/methodology/approachThis is a descriptive-survey research design mobilized through sequential exploratory mixed method.FindingsFor ordinary people, vulnerability is due to five factors: (1) government inaction, (2) age-based frailty, (3) disability-based social exclusion, (4) weak social capital and (5) material susceptibility. Moreover, there are two patterns of discursive structure surrounding the risk of flooding in Davao del Norte: (1) where Cavendish banana is a favored export commodity of those who are in power, the Pressure-and-Release Model fits within the narrative of land-use changes in the province, and (2) where the local domain of disaster governance frames the DRR as a “hero-villain” normative duality.Practical implicationsAt the policy level, the findings should inform the current government practices in development planning to mitigate flood risks, specifically the proposed Philippine National Land-use Act and the pending Bill to create the Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (DRRM) Department. Operationally, the “hero-villain” finding challenges the self-awareness of disaster managers and functionaries whose technical trainings inculcated a one-size-fits-all approach to disaster response.Social implicationsThe findings support the theory that disaster and disaster risks are socially constructed realities.Originality/valueThis paper teased out the gap between the people's risks perceptions in Davao del Norte and the government's DRR episteme, and it points to power relations that impede its closing.
(In)visibility in the margins: COVID-19, women entrepreneurs and the need for inclusive recovery
Authors: Grandy Gina , Cukier Wendy , Gagnon Suzanne 
Published: September 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to extend Lewis and Simpson’s (2010) work on the complexity of (in)visibility and explores what it means to women’s entrepreneurship in Canada during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Design/methodology/approach
This piece contributes to the special issue on COVID-19 and the impact on women entrepreneurs. Specifically, it applies an (in)visibility lens to argue that responses to COVID-19 in Canada negatively affect women entrepreneurs disproportionately and that while initiatives such as the Women Entrepreneurship Knowledge Hub (WEKH) are threatened, they can also serve as an agitator during this time to advocate for an inclusive recovery approach.

Findings
Despite progress through such government funded initiatives as the Women Entrepreneurship Strategy (WES), which is targeting more than $2bn (Cdn) in investments towards women entrepreneurs, structural inequality and the (in)visibility of women’s entrepreneurship has been amplified during COVID-19. Through a particular understanding of the (in)visibility vortex notion (Lewis and Simpson, 2010), it is concluded the (in)visibility of women entrepreneurs as deeply embedded and that there is a continued need to advocate for a gender and diversity lens, to ensure inclusive recovery that benefits women and diverse entrepreneurs.

Originality/value
An (in)visibility lens brings an important addition to the literature on women’s entrepreneurship, as well as illuminates the important differences within this broad category, deepening the understanding of these trends and their impact during COVID-19 pandemic. It highlights how the complexities of intersectionality are critical to understand, and their recognition can help to drive a clear evidence base, as well as advocacy. The piece call researchers and practitioners alike to consider the question under COVID-19, will these conditions create a new vortex in this domain, or can the work of organizations and researchers position gender and intersectionality in women entrepreneurship as a disrupter for the future?
Analysing and forecasting China containerized freight index with a hybrid decomposition–ensemble method based on EMD, grey wave and ARMA
Authors: Chen Yanhui , Liu Bin , Wang Tianzi 
Published: September 2020

PurposeThis paper applied grey wave forecasting in a decomposition–ensemble forecasting method for modelling the complex and non-linear features in time series data. This application aims to test the advantages of grey wave forecasting method in predicting time series with periodic fluctuations.Design/methodology/approachThe decomposition–ensemble method combines empirical mode decomposition (EMD), component reconstruction technology and grey wave forecasting. More specifically, EMD is used to decompose time series data into different intrinsic mode function (IMF) components in the first step. Permutation entropy and the average of each IMF are checked for component reconstruction. Then the grey wave forecasting model or ARMA is used to predict each IMF according to the characters of each IMF.FindingsIn the empirical analysis, the China container freight index (CCFI) is applied in checking prediction performance. Using two different time periods, the results show that the proposed method performs better than random walk and ARMA in multi-step-ahead prediction.Originality/valueThe decomposition–ensemble method based on EMD and grey wave forecasting model expands the application area of the grey system theory and graphic forecasting method. Grey wave forecasting performs better for data set with periodic fluctuations. Forecasting CCFI assists practitioners in the shipping industry in decision-making.