bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retracted: Baicalin relieves lipopolysaccharide‐evoked inflammatory injury through regulation of miR‐21 in H9c2 cells
Authors: Liu Xiangyu , Wang Shengli , Zhao Guoan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMyocarditis is a common heart disease which lacks effective treatment till now. Baicalin possesses plenty of activities, including anti‐inflammation. In this investigation, we attempted to investigate the influences of Baicalin on Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐evoked H9c2 cells.Cells viability, apoptosis, and expressions of apoptosis‐associated proteins were, respectively, measured utilizing CCK‐8 assay, flow cytometry and western blot. The levels of IL‐6 and TNF‐α were detected through enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, western blot and qRT‐PCR. miR‐21 expression was detected through qRT‐PCR and was silenced using cell transfection. The expressions of NF‐κB and PDCD4/JNK pathways related proteins were measured through western blot. We found that LPS stimulation induced cell apoptosis and upregulation of IL‐6 and TNF‐α. Baicalin treatment effectively suppressed LPS‐induced inflammation and apoptosis. The NF‐κB and PDCD4/JNK pathways were blocked by Baicalin. Additionally, the enhanced expression of miR‐21 triggered by LPS was further elevated by Baicalin. Further study revealed that the inhibiting effects of Baicalin on LPS‐evoked injury were largely attenuated by knockdown of miR‐21. Moreover, the associated NF‐κB and JNK pathways, which were suppressed by Baicalin treatment, were then activated by knockdown of miR‐21. Our present study revealed that Baicalin alleviated LPS‐evoked inflammatory injury via suppressing the NF‐κB and PDCD4/JNK pathways through regulating miR‐21 expression.
Photovoltaic properties of the flavonoid‐based photosensitizers: Molecular‐scale perspective on the natural dye solar cells
Authors: Sabagh Samira , Izadyar Mohammad , Arkan Foroogh 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe molecular modification and the effects of the gas and water media on the ability of some flavonoids as the photosensitizers in the natural dye‐sensitized solar cells were theoretically investigated. According to the results, water increases the electrophilicity of the dyes and weakens the dye/TiO2 coupling, prohibiting the electron injection toward TiO2. A longer path for charge transfer and a less electron‐hole overlap for dihydroxychromens elevate the electron transfer more efficient than trihydroxychromen‐based flavonoids. However, the presence of water molecules within an increment in the OH groups in the flavonoid structures improves their spectroscopic properties, which is related to decrement in the gap of the frontier molecular orbitals and increment in the oscillator strength. Also, such favorable structural effects and influence of the water medium on the polarizability and excited‐state lifetime have emerged. According to the energy conversion efficiency, water is a favorable solvent for dihydroxychromen‐based flavonoids. Finally, different analyses on the structural geometries, excited‐state, lifetime within the kinetics, and dynamics of the photovoltaic processes were performed and discussed.
Separation and characterization of unknown impurities in rutin tablets using trap‐free two‐dimensional liquid chromatography coupled with ion trap/time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry
Authors: Wang Jian , Ren Xiaojuan , Wen Chunmei , Xu Yu , Chen Yue 
Published: January 2020

RationaleA new high‐performance liquid chromatography method was developed for the determination of impurities in rutin tablets to improve on the method of the official monograph in national drug standards. Five impurities in rutin tablets were characterized using trap‐free two‐dimensional liquid chromatography coupled with ion trap/time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (2D‐LC/IT‐TOFMS) in both positive and negative ion modes of electrospray ionization.MethodsIn the first dimension, the LC column was a Thermo Acclaim 120™ C18 (4.6 mm × 250 mm, 5 μm), and the mobile phase was composed of 0.1 M sodium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution (pH adjusted to 4.4 with phosphoric acid) and acetonitrile (80:20, v/v). In the second dimension, the column was a Shimadzu Shim‐pack GISS C18 (50 mm × 2.1 mm, 1.9 μm), and the mobile phase was composed of 10 mM ammonium formate solution and methanol.ResultsThe structures of five impurities in rutin tablets were deduced based on the MS
n data in both positive and negative ion modes, in which two impurities were unknown. Impurity 1, impurity 2 and impurity 3 were proposed as flavonol 3,7‐di‐O‐glycoside, flavonol mono‐O‐triglycoside and quercetin 3‐O‐glycoside, respectively, and impurity 4 and impurity 5 were proposed as kaempferol 3‐O‐rhamnosylglucoside and isorhamnetin 3‐O‐rhamnosylglucoside, respectively.ConclusionsThe method established in this study was simple and reliable for the routine quality control of rutin tablets. The contradiction between non‐volatile salt mobile phase and mass spectrometry was solved by means of a multiple heart‐cutting 2D‐LC approach and on‐line desalination technology. Five impurities were separated and characterized. These results provide a scientific basis for further improving the national drug standard of rutin tablets.
Effects of waterlogging and increased salinity on microbial communities and extracellular enzyme activity in native and exotic marsh vegetation soils
Authors: Xie Li‐Na , Ge Zhen‐Ming , Li Ya‐Lei , Li Shi‐Hua , Tan Li‐Shan , Li Xiu‐Zhen 
Published: January 2020

AbstractCoastal ecosystems are vulnerable to plant invasion and expected sea level rise in China. This study explored the responses of microbial communities and extracellular enzyme activity in the marsh soils of nativePhragmites australisand exoticSpartina alterniflorato waterlogging and increasing salinity (to mimic prolonged inundation and saltwater intrusion) based on the determination of phospholipid fatty acids and analysis of enzyme kinetics. The results showed that waterlogging and increased salinity treatments decreased the soil microbial biomass in bothP. australisandS. alterniflorasoils, with waterlogging exacerbating the negative effects of salinity. Fungi/bacteria ratios decreased under both waterlogging and salinity treatments, whereas actinomycetes/bacteria ratios increased with increasing salinity. The degree of the adverse effects of salinity on plant growth ofS. alternifloraand soil microbial biomass was lower than that onP. australis. Generally, waterlogging treatment increased the activity of sucrase, cellulase, urease, and dehydrogenase inS. alterniflorasoil. Increased salinity decreased all the assayed extracellular enzyme activity in bothP. australisandS. alterniflorasoils. The synergistic effects of waterlogging and increased salinity treatments on the enzyme activities inP. australissoil were significant, whereas only the effect on the cellulase activity was significant inS. alterniflorasoil. This study indicated a greater ability of the microbial community and extracellular enzyme activity ofS. alterniflorasoil to adapt to waterlogging and increased salinity compared with those ofP. australissoil due to the lower sensitivity ofS. alternifloragrowth and soil nutrients to stress.
Direct and Solvent‐Free Oxidative Cleavage of Double Bonds in High‐Oleic Vegetable Oils
Authors: Melchiorre Massimo , Benessere Vincenzo , Cucciolito Maria E. , Melchiorre Chiara , Ruffo Francesco , Esposito Roberto 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAn unprecedented direct oxidation of high‐oleic triglycerides to produce azelaic glycerides has been carried out by using a catalytic system based on H2WO4/H2O2. The results are highly competitive with those reported so far for simpler feedstock: at low catalyst loading the oxidation proceeds with satisfactory yields also starting from a real waste oil matrix without any prior purification.
Cleft‐Induced Ditopic Binding of Spherical Halides with a Hexaurea Receptor
Authors: Portis Bobby , Mirchi Ali , Hasan Mohammad H. , Khansari Maryam Emami , Johnson Corey R. , Leszczynski Jerzy , Tandon Ritesh , Alamgir Hossain Md. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA tripodal‐based hexaurea receptor with two clefts (inner cleft and outer cleft) has been studied for spherical halides by 1H NMR, UV‐Vis titrations, and theoretical calculations using density functional theory (DFT). As demonstrated from experimental and computational results, the receptor exhibits cleft‐induced binding for halides in a 1 : 2 binding mode, showing the binding strength in the order of fluoride > chloride > bromide > iodide. The strongest affinity for fluoride is attributed due to the best fit of two fluoride anions at the two clefts within the host‘s cavity. This is also supported by DFT calculations, suggesting that each anion is stabilized by six NH⋅⋅⋅F bonds ‐ one at the inner cleft and other at the outer cleft. In addition, the synthesized receptor, as examined on HeLa cells, has been found to show good biocompatibility.
Synthesis, Structure and Fluorescent Property of a Novel 3D Rod‐Packing Microporous Zn(II) MOF Based on a Temperature‐Induced In Situ Ligand Reaction
Authors: Zhang Wen‐Qian , Kang Yi‐Fan , Guo Lei‐Lei , Yang Jun‐Jie 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe self‐assembly process of 2,2′‐bipyridine‐4,4′,6,6′‐tetracarboxylic acid (H4bptc) and Zn(II) centers has been implemented under hydrothermal condition, while surprisingly, due to the high reaction temperature, the H4bptc ligand transformed into 2,2′‐bipyridine‐4,6,6′‐tricarboxylic (H3bptc′) with an unexpected in situ ligand reaction (hydrothermal decarboxylation) during the synthetic process. And finally, a novel Zn(II) MOF {[Zn1.5(bptc′)(H2O)]⋅H2O}n (1) has been obtained, which is characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, powder X‐ray diffraction (PXRD), thermogravimetric analyse (TGA), elemental analyse (EA) and infrared spectroscopy (IR). In MOF 1, the 1D [Zn1‐O6,6′‐carboxyl‐Zn2]n double chains are connected by the 4‐carboxyl of R‐ or S‐bptc′ ligands into a 3D double‐walled rod‐packing framework with three kinds of windows. In addition, the solid‐state fluorescent property of 1 was conducted at room temperature, and meanwhile, 1 showed high selectivity and sensitivity for MnO4− ion by fluorescent quenching effect.
A Facile Preparation of Transparent Ultrahydrophobic Glass via TiO2/Octadecyltrichlorosilane (ODTS) Coatings for Self‐Cleaning Material
Authors: Pratiwi Nurul , Zulhadjri  , Arief Syukri , Wellia Diana Vanda 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA facile strategy was developed to fabricate transparent ultrahydrophobic glass. First, TiO2 films were deposited uniformly on untreated glass substrate after heating aqueous peroxotitanate thin films at 120 °C for 1 h followed by octadecyltrichlorosilane (ODTS) modification. The as‐fabricated surfaces were then possessed ultrahydrophobic properties because of the combination of the rough surface topography of TiO2 and low surface energy due to ODTS monolayer. It was found that the water contact angle and sliding angle of the as‐prepared coatings were about 146° and 7°, respectively. Besides, these coatings showed excellent self‐cleaning performance compared to untreated glass in order to remove dirt particles with water droplets. It is believed that the current method could lead as low‐cost and effective way to fabricate a very promising material for commercial and industrial coatings applications.
One‐pot Facile Synthesis of Multifunctional Conjugated Microporous Polymers via Suzuki‐Miyaura Coupling Reaction
Authors: Teng Dao‐Guang , Wei Xian‐Yong , Li Jia‐Hao , Gao Hua‐Shuai , Zhang Min , Zong Zhi‐Min 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA wide set of conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) are synthesized via a facile Pd‐catalyzed Suzuki‐Miyaura coupling reaction between organo‐boron reagents and organic halides in the presence of K2CO3. According to multiple characterizations, the resulting polymers are thermally stable and fluorescent with large specific surface areas (SSAs) and narrow pore distributions. Especially, polymer synthetized by using 1,3,6,8‐tetrabromopyrene (TBP) and 1,4‐phenylenediboronic acid (PDBA) exhibits the largest apparent SSA up to 1071 m2 g−1, H2 uptake capacity of 152.77 cm3 g−1 (77 K, 1 bar) and CO2 uptake capacity of 58.97 cm3 g−1 (273 K, 1 bar). Furthermore, parallel experiments prove TBP and PDBA are the best building blocks for these series polymers synthesis. Moreover, CMPs feature large SSAs, outstanding thermal and fluorescent performances, and facile preparation, making themselves promising candidates for the future industrial applications.
Synthesis of Pyrimidine Derivatives Catalyzed by Nanomagnetic Pyridinium‐Tribromide Ionic Liquid
Authors: Kharazmi Azin , Ghorbani‐Vaghei Ramin , Alavinia Sedigheh 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSome novel pyrimidine derivatives are prepared via one‐pot reaction of triethoxymethane, aromatic ketone and ammonium acetate using catalytic system including nano‐magnetic pyridinium‐tribromide (TBP‐SCMNPs). The synthesized new catalyst was characterized by FE‐SEM, EDS, TEM, XRD, and TGA analysis. The highlighting points of using TBP‐SCMNPs are easy purification, reusability of the catalyst, good yields of products with short time reactions.
Cellulose as Sacrificial Biomass for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution over One‐dimensional CdS Loaded with NiS2 as a Cocatalyst
Authors: Li Chunhe , Naghadeh Sara Bonabi , Guo Liping , Xu Ke , Zhang Jin Zhong , Wang Hongmei 
Published: January 2020

AbstractNiS2 nanoparticles (NPs)‐modified CdS nanowires (NWs) (NiS2/CdS) with varying amount of NiS2 were synthesized via a two‐step approach and characterized for sustainable hydrogen evolution. They showed much higher activity than pristine CdS NWs or NiS2 NPs, with the optimal hydrogen production rate reaching 14.49 mmol⋅h−1⋅g−1 for 40%‐NiS2/CdS with lactic acid as sacrificial agent. Under optimal conditions, hydrogen generation rate of 52.88 μmol⋅h−1⋅g−1 was achieved using single cellulose as sacrificial agent. Photoelectrochemical (PEC) properties of the NiS2/CdS nanocomposites were investigated to gain a better understanding of the mechanism behind the enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity. Furthermore, ultrafast transient absorption (TA) spectroscopy was also employed to investigate the charge carrier dynamics, revealing an exciton lifetime approximately four times shorter in 40%‐NiS2/CdS nanocomposite compared to pristine CdS NWs. These results suggest efficient charge transfer from CdS to NiS2. A possible mechanism for enhanced hydrogen production over NiS2/CdS nanocomposite is proposed.
Single Step Grown NiFe Sponges as Efficient Water Splitting Electrocatalysts in Alkaline Medium
Authors: Thoufeeq S. , Rastogi Pankaj Kumar , Thomas Senoy , Shravani Anagandula , Narayanan Tharangattu N. , Anantharaman M. R. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractCatalysts for heterogeneous catalytic reactions, particularly for total water splitting, is receiving tremendous attention and sustainable fuel development is highly relied on the catalysts development, where both the material and its method of preparation are important. Here, bimetallic multi‐phasic catalysts containing nickel (Ni) and iron (Fe) are synthesized using a simple but reproducible polyol method, which results in to different sponges having control over their chemical stoichiometry. The macroporous sponges thus developed contain metallic Ni, NiO, and Fe2O3, where their proportionate content can be varied with initial precursor ratio. The NiFe15 so developed is having the best oxygen evolution performance in terms of overpotential, kinetics, and charge transfer properties, and it is found to be better than the benchmarked IrO2 based catalysts. The hydrogen evolution from the other ratio, NiFe5, is found to be better than other Ni and Fe based samples, and it is found to be very close to the hydrogen evolution performance of platinum. An alkaline water electrolysis full cell is constructed, devoid of any precious metals but with NiFe5 and NiFe15, and the overall splitting potential for the benchmarked current density of 10 mAcm−2 is found to be 1.62 V only, which is better or on par with the other singly/multi‐phasic systems reported so far. Hence the work presented here shows the possibilities of futuristic electrochemical technologies with viable catalysts, and a detailed study is presented.
Microfluidic Generation of All‐Aqueous Double and Triple Emulsions
Authors: Jeyhani Morteza , Thevakumaran Risavarshni , Abbasi Niki , Hwang Dae Kun , Tsai Scott S. H. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractHigher order emulsions are used in a variety of different applications in biomedicine, biological studies, cosmetics, and the food industry. Conventional droplet generation platforms for making higher order emulsions use organic solvents as the continuous phase, which is not biocompatible and as a result, further washing steps are required to remove the toxic continuous phase. Recently, droplet generation based on aqueous two‐phase systems (ATPS) has emerged in the field of droplet microfluidics due to their intrinsic biocompatibility. Here, a platform to generate all‐aqueous double and triple emulsions by introducing pressure‐driven flows inside a microfluidic hybrid device is presented. This system uses a conventional microfluidic flow‐focusing geometry coupled with a coaxial microneedle and a glass capillary embedded in flow‐focusing junctions. The configuration of the hybrid device enables the focusing of two coaxial two‐phase streams, which helps to avoid commonly observed channel‐wetting problems. It is shown that this approach achieves the fabrication of higher‐order emulsions in a poly(dimethylsiloxane)‐based microfluidic device, and controls the structure of the all‐aqueous emulsions. This hybrid microfluidic approach allows for facile higher‐order biocompatible emulsion formation, and it is anticipated that this platform will find utility for generating biocompatible materials for various biotechnological applications.
Ultrathin Amorphous Nickel Doped Cobalt Phosphates with Highly Ordered Mesoporous Structures as Efficient Electrocatalyst for Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Yang Lan , Ren Hao , Liang Qinghua , Dinh Khang Ngoc , Dangol Raksha , Yan Qingyu 
Published: January 2020

AbstractHerein, the facile preparation of ultrathin (≈3.8 nm in thickness) 2D cobalt phosphate (CoPi) nanoflakes through an oil‐phase method is reported. The obtained nanoflakes are composed of highly ordered mesoporous (≈3.74 nm in diameter) structure and exhibit an amorphous nature. Attractively, when doped with nickel, such 2D mesoporous Ni‐doped CoPi nanoflakes display decent electrocatalytic performances in terms of intrinsic activity, and low kinetic barrier toward the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Particularly, the optimized 10 at% Ni‐doped CoPi nanoflakes (denoted as Ni10‐CoPi) deliver a low overpotential at 10 mA cm−2 (320 mV), small Tafel slope (44.5 mV dec−1), and high stability for OER in 1.0 m KOH solution, which is comparable to the state‐of‐the‐art RuO2 tested in the same condition (overpotential: 327 mV at 10 mA cm−2, Tafel slope: 73.7 mV dec−1). The robust framework coupled with good OER performance enables the 2D mesoporous Ni10‐CoPi nanoflakes to be a promising material for energy conversion applications.
Reducing Oxygen Evolution Reaction Overpotential in Cobalt‐Based Electrocatalysts via Optimizing the “Microparticles‐in‐Spider Web” Electrode Configurations
Authors: Guo Qi , Mao Jiajun , Huang Jianying , Wang Zixi , Zhang Yanyan , Hu Jun , Dong Jianing , Sathasivam Sanjayan , Zhao Yan , Xing Guichuan , Pan Hui , Lai Yuekun , Tang Yuxin 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSluggish kinetics of the multielectron transfer process is still a bottleneck for efficient oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity, and the reduction of reaction overpotential is crucial to boost reaction kinetics. Herein, a correlation between the OER overpotential and the cobalt‐based electrode composition in a “Microparticles‐in‐Spider Web” (MSW) superstructure electrode is revealed. The overpotential is dramatically decreased first and then slightly increased with the continuous increase ratio of Co/Co3O4 in the cobalt‐based composite electrode, corresponding to the dynamic change of electrochemically active surface area and charge‐transfer resistance with the electrode composition. As a proof‐of‐concept, the optimized electrode displays a low overpotential of 260 mV at 10.0 mA cm−2 in alkaline conditions with a long‐time stability. This electrochemical performance is comparable and even superior to the most currently reported Co‐based OER electrocatalysts. The remarkable electrocatalytic activity is attributed to the optimization of the electrochemically active sites and electron transfer in the MSW superstructure. Theoretical calculations identify that the metallic Co and Co3O4 surface catalytic sites play a vital role in improving electron transport and reaction Gibbs free energies for reducing overpotential, respectively. A general way of boosting OER kinetics via optimizing the electrode configurations to mitigate reaction overpotential is offered in this study.
Voltage‐Induced High‐Efficient In Situ Presodiation Strategy for Sodium Ion Capacitors
Authors: Zou Kangyu , Cai Peng , Tian Ye , Li Jiayang , Liu Cheng , Zou Guoqiang , Hou Hongshuai , Ji Xiaobo 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSodium‐ion capacitors (SICs) have triggered considerable attention due to potential high energy densities under high power densities. The presodiation process of anodes is very important for the construction of high‐performance SICs; however, in the current presodiation method, metallic sodium is utilized as the presodiation agent through the assembling/disassembling of half‐cells, which is very complicated and dangerous, greatly hindering the development of SICs. Herein, a novel voltage‐induced high‐efficient in situ presodiation approach is successfully realized by introducing organic sodium salts as the sodium sources into the cathode. Moreover, the irreversible electrochemical characteristic of organic sodium salts triggered by high voltage could provide sufficient sodium sources for presodiation without any negative effects for further operation of SICs. Significantly, the diversified anodes like carbon and TiO2 are successfully presodiated and the corresponding SICs manifest excellent electrochemical performances. This rational strategy is anticipated to shed light on a potential avenue for greatly simplifying the assembly process of the SICs, which may largely accelerate the commercialization process of SICs.
In Situ Growth of Ru Nanoparticles on (Fe,Ni)(OH)2 to Boost Hydrogen Evolution Activity at High Current Density in Alkaline Media
Authors: Xiao Xin , Wang Xikui , Jiang Xingxing , Song Shaowei , Huang Dekang , Yu Luo , Zhang Yang , Chen Shuo , Wang Mingkui , Shen Yan , Ren Zhifeng 
Published: January 2020

AbstractElectrocatalytic water splitting for industrial hydrogen production at large current densities requests highly active and cost‐effective catalysts with long‐term stability. Here, conductive nickel foam is proposed to be used as a substrate to support (Fe,Ni)(OH)2 nanosheet arrays and a reducing agent to reduce Ru3+ ions to metallic Ru. The formed 3D self‐supported Ru/(Fe,Ni)(OH)2/NF (denoted as RFNOH) with a superhydrophilic surface and high conductivity ensures rapid release of gases and efficient electron transportation and mass transfer at a high current density. The resultant RFNOH requires an overpotential of only 152 mV to achieve a current density of 1 A cm−2 for hydrogen evolution reaction in 1 m KOH solution, along with excellent stability at high current density. Meanwhile, density functional theory calculations suggest that (Fe,Ni)(OH)2 promotes the dissociation of water molecules considerably, which plays a critical role in enhancing the generation of molecular hydrogen on Ru nanoparticles. Furthermore, the proposed dual‐active site mechanism solves the problem of low water‐dissociation efficiency faced by noble metal‐based catalysts under alkaline media. This study provides a new route for the practical production of large quantities of hydrogen via electrochemical water splitting.