bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How and to What Extent Can Pensions Facilitate Increased Use of Health Services by Older People: Evidence From Social Pension Expansion in Rural China
Authors: chen shanquan , Chen Xi , Law Stephen , Lucas Henry , Tang Shenlan , Long Qian , Xue Lei , Wang Zheng 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: The proportion of people aged 60 years or over is growing faster than other age groups. Traditionally, retirement has been considered as both a loss to the labour market and an additional economic burden on the nation. More recently, it is widely accepted that retired people can still contribute to society in many ways, though the extent of their contributions will depend heavily on their state of health. In this background, a significant practice issue is how to promote older people utilizing health service they need in via of pension. This study aims to evaluate the effects of pensions on older adults’ health service utilization, and estimate the level of pension required to influence such utilization.Methods: Using a nationally representative sample survey, China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, we conducted fuzzy regression discontinuity and segmented regression.Results: It was found that a pension did facilitate low-income people in utilizing outpatient income (OR = 1.219, 95% 1.018-1.460) and inpatient services income (OR = 1.269, 95% 1.020-1.579); but also encouraged both low- and high-income people to choose self-treatment, specifically over-the-counter (OR = 1.208, 95% 1.037-1.407; OR = 1.206, 95% 1.024-1.419; respectively) and traditional Chinese medicines (OR = 1.452, 95% 1.094-1.932; OR = 1.456, 95% 1.079-1.955; respectively). However, receiving a pension had no effect on the frequency of outpatient and inpatient service use. Breakpoints for a pension to promote recipients’ health service utilization were mainly located in the range 55-95 CNY.Conclusions: The pension has mixed effects on recipients' health service utilization from different income groups. Our study enriches related evidence on the impact of pension on healthcare-seeking behaviour and can be helpful in policy design. The information our study presents can also allow economists to formulate models relating to pensions and healthcare utilisation with greater precision.
Reasons and patterns for tooth extraction among patients presenting at a hospital of stomatology in Guangzhou, China: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Li Hongyu , Liu Zhiguo , Yu Dongsheng , Tang Haikuo 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background

Few related surveys about reasons for tooth extraction was shown in mainland China. Our aim was to investigate the primary reasons and main pattern for extractions among patients presenting at a hospital of stomatology in Guangzhou, China.
Methods

This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted over a period of 3 months, 2000 patients who underwent tooth extraction were recorded and analyzed by age, gender, the tooth type and the extraction reasons. Chi-square test was used to examine the differences in the extraction reasons between different genders, age groups and tooth types.
Results

A total of 3106 teeth were removed from 2000 patients, with an age ranging from 6 to 91. This study revealed details of extraction reasons and suggested that dental caries (25.42%) was the main reasons for tooth extraction and pointed out preventive extraction of third molar (19.89%) had displaced periodontal diseases (12.89%) as the dominant reason for extractions. Overall, third molar was the most frequently extracted tooth (1567). Significant statistical differences were found among different age groups, genders and tooth types for tooth extraction reasons (p༜0.05). For example, caries was the main reason for tooth extraction in 30–59 years old patients, while 20–29 years old patients asked for preventive extraction of third molar teeth mostly. Posterior teeth were mostly removed because of caries and periodontal disease was the leading cause for anterior teeth extraction.
Conclusions

We found the primary reasons and the new patterns for tooth extraction among patients in Guangzhou. It was proposed for the first time that the dominant reason for extractions was preventive extraction of third molar. Our finding could help to put forward some predictors and adjust the preventive strategies in oral disorders.
Evaluating True Barriers to Dental Care for Patients with Periodontal Disease
Authors: Treloar Tina , Bishop Susan S , Dodd Virginia , Shaddox Luciana Macchion 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: The cost of care is often reported as a primary reason why patients fail to seek dental treatment; however, this may not the only component.Aims/Objectives: To examine an underserved population’s perspective on the importance of dental care and barriers they face to seek treatment. The effectiveness of compliance incentives, such as gift cards, were also examined.Methods: We conducted a survey study to gain insight of an underserved population’s perspective of barriers to care and correlated the reported barriers with the true reasons of missed appointments in our study cohort. Appointment compliance was also examined before and after implementation of gift card incentives. Results: Most patients felt dental care was important/very important to them. However, no correlations were found between survey responses and true reasons for missing appointments. Eighty-seven percent of patients report having some form of financial difficulty and compliance statistically improved after implementation of financial compensation in this population (69% completed appointments before gift card implementation versus 75% after gift card implementation, p=0.01), but not after the implementation of additional appointment reminders and contact staff.Discussion: Although the majority of patients reported dental care was important to them, there was an average of 31% missed appointments for patients who completed the survey and no correlations were found between the information patients reported and true reasons for non-compliance. Interestingly, even though care was free of charge, most patients reported to be in some form of financial difficulty and compliance was slightly improved through the implementation of financial compensation. Conclusion: A survey is a resource to identify reasons why patients abstain from seeking care but maybe not the best one as reasons reported do not correlate with true reasons of appointment failure. Financial compensation was shown to improve compliance with appointments. Further information gathering is necessary to gain insight into true barriers to dental care within an underserved population.Trial registration number: NCT01330719. Support. NIH/NIDCR. R01DE019456
Effect of sarcopenia on short- and long-term outcomes in patients with gastric neuroendocrine neoplasms after radical gastrectomy: Results from a large, two-institution series.
Authors: Wang Jia-bin , Xue Zhen , Lu Jun , He Qing-liang , Zheng Zhi-fang , Xu Bin-bin , Xie Jian-wei , Li Ping , Xu Yu , Lin Jian-xian , Chen Qi-yue , Cao Long-long , Lin Mi , Tu Ru-hong , Huang Ze-ning , Lin Ju-li , Huang Chang-ming , Zheng Chao-Hui 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
The relationship between sarcopenia and prognoses of patients with gastric neuroendocrine neoplasms (g-NENs) is unclear. This study was designed to explore the effects of sarcopenia on short-term and long-term outcomes of patients with g-NENs after radical gastrectomy.
Methods
This study retrospectively collected data of 138 patients with g-NENs after radical gastrectomy. The skeletal muscle index (SMI) diagnostic threshold for sarcopenia was determined using X-tile software. Cox regression were used to determine the independent risk factors for 3-year overall survival (OS) and 3-year recurrence-free survival (RFS).
Results
In this study, there were 59 patients (42.8%) with sarcopenia. Among the sarcopenia group and nonsarcopenia group, the incidences of total postoperative complications were 33.9% and 30.4%, of serious postoperative complications 0% and 3.7%, of postoperative surgical complications 13.6% and 15.2%, of postoperative systemic complications 20.3% and 15.2% (all p > 0.05). The 3-year OS and RFS rates were significantly worse in the sarcopenia group than in the nonsarcopenia group (OS:42.37% vs 65.82%, p = 0.004; RFS:52.54% vs 68.35%, p = 0.036). Multivariate analysis showed that sarcopenia was related to long-term prognoses of g-NENs patients. A stratified analysis based on pathological type revealed that the Kaplan-Meier curve was only significantly different in patients with gastric mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma (gMANEC) (OS: 40.00% vs 71.79%, p = 0.007; RFS: 51.43% vs 74.36%, p = 0.026); furthermore, multivariate analysis showed that sarcopenia was an independent risk factor for gMANEC patients (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
Sarcopenia is not related to short-term prognoses of g-NENs patients. Sarcopenia is an independent risk factor for patients with gMANEC after radical surgery.
Enset-Based Land Use Land Cover Change Detection and Its Impact on Soil Erosion in Meki River Watershed for Sustainability of Lake Ziway, Western Lake Ziway Sub-Basin, Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia
Authors: Woldesenbet Alemu Beyene , Wudmatas Sebsebe Demisew , Denboba Mekuria Argaw , Gebremariam Azage Gebreyohannes 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background Water erosion, upland degradation and deforestation are the key environmental problems in Meki river watershed where this study was conducted. This study assessed the land use land cover change (LULCC) over the last 30 years, examined the contribution of Enset-Based land use system (EBLUS) to manage soil erosion problem for sustainability of Lake Ziway and suggested appropriate management interventions for the watershed ERDAS imagine 2014, Geo-statistical interpolation and RUSLE model was devised for LULCC detection and analysis, for different spatial inputs and soil loss modeling respectively. Result Meki river watershed covers 2110.39056 km² of area which is dominantly covered by cultivated land use system (41.5%), Enset-Based land use system (EBLUS)(10.65%), Bush and Chat land use system (25.6%), Forest and plantations land use system (14.14%), built up (7.4%) and water bodies (0.75%). Severity class of High to severe range (18-125tha-1yr-1) recorded in the sub-watersheds irrespective of the land use systems and facing sever degradation problem that increase in soil loss in all land use systems from 1987 to 2017. The average soil loss of 30.5tha-1yr-1 and 31.905tha-1yr-1 recorded from Enset growing zones and non-Enset growing zones of the watershed respectively.Conclusion Enset-Based land use system (EBLUS) saves significant amount of soil despite the steepness of the slopes of the Enset growing zones of the watershed. Hence, expansion of EBLUS can contribute in sustaining Lake Ziway by reducing soil loss rate and sedimentation problem for ecological sustainability of the watershed. Therefore, separate land use policy and awareness creation are mandatory for such EBLUS expansion, integrated watershed management and conservation of the natural environment.
Characterization of the Content and Distribution of Collagen and Proteoglycan in the Decellularized Book-Shaped Enthesis Scaffolds by SR-FTIR
Authors: Lu Hongbin , shi qiang , Chen Can , Li Muzhi , Chen Yang , Xu Yan , Hu Jianzhong 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Bone-tendon interface (enthesis) plays a pivotal role in relaxing load transfer between otherwise structurally and functionally distinct tissue types. Currently, decellularized extracellular matrix (DEM) from enthesis provide a natural three-dimensional scaffold with tissue-specific orientations of extracellular matrix molecules for enthesis regeneration, however, the content and distribution of collagen and proteoglycan in the decellularized book-shaped enthesis scaffolds from rabbit rotator cuff by SR-FTIR have not been reported.Methods: Native enthesis tissues (NET) harvested from rabbit rotator cuff were sectioned into cuboid (about 30 mm × 1.2 mm × 10 mm) for decalcified. The decellularized book-shaped enthesis scaffolds were conducted and intrinsic ultrastructure was evaluated by histological staining and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. The content and distribution of collagen and proteoglycan in the decellularized book-shaped enthesis scaffolds from rabbit rotator cuff were also measured innovatively by SR-FTIR.Results: The decellularized book-shaped enthesis scaffolds from rabbit rotator cuff were successfully obtained. Histomorphology and SEM evaluated the decellularized effect and the structure of extracellular matrix during decellularization. After mechanical test, we found the failure load in the NET group was higher than that in the DEM group (P < 0.05), reached 1.32 times as much as that in the DEM group. Meanwhile, the stiffness of the DEM group was significantly lower than the NET group. Furthermore, the distributions of collagen and PGs content in the decellularized book-shaped enthesis scaffolds were decreased obviously after decellularization by SR-FTIR quantitative analysis.Conclusion: SR-FTIR was applied innovatively to characterize the histological morphology of native enthesis tissues from rabbit rotator cuff. Moreover, it can be used for quantitative mapping of the content and distribution of collagen and PGs content in the decellularized book-shaped enthesis scaffolds.
Comparison of the Efficacy of Five Standard Topical Hemostats: A Study in Porcine Liver and Spleen Models of Surgical Bleeding
Authors: Paternò Valerio Antonio , Bisin Alessandro , Addis Alessandro 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Several topical hemostats are available to help control surgical bleeding. Cutanplast is a highly absorbent and porous gelatin product that is available in Fast sponge and powder forms. This study investigated the hemostatic efficacy of Cutanplast Standard and Fast gelatin sponge and powder and Emosist oxidized regenerated cellulose (ORC) gauze in porcine liver and spleen surgical bleeding models.Methods: Cutanplast Standard and Fast gelatin sponge and Emosist ORC gauze were tested in liver abrasion/incision, liver puncture and spleen incision/puncture injuries, and Cutanplast Standard and Fast gelatin powder products were tested in liver abrasion/incision injuries. There were 13 liver injury (five abrasion, five incision and three puncture) and six spleen injury (three puncture and three incision sites) sites per animal.Results: Rapid hemostasis (≤ 2–5 min) was achieved in the liver abrasion and incision models with all Cutanplast gelatin sponge and powder products and Emosist ORC gauze, although in the liver incision model, time to hemostasis was > 5 min with Cutanplast Standard gelatin powder and Emosist ORC gauze. Rapid hemostasis occurred with Cutanplast Fast gelatin sponge and Emosist ORC gauze in the liver puncture and spleen puncture and incision models. In the spleen incision model, Cutanplast Standard gelatin sponge had a time to hemostasis approaching 10 min.Conclusion: Cutanplast gelatin sponge and powder products and Emosist ORC gauze may be suitable for surgical applications involving parenchymal organ bleeding, but certain products may perform better than others, including Cutanplast gelatin powder in diffuse mild bleeding (such as liver abrasion), and Cutanplast Fast gelatin sponge and Emosist ORC gauze for splenic bleeding.
Knowledge, attitude and practice of Sari Birth Cohort members during early weeks of COVID-19 outbreak in Iran
Authors: Shahbaznejad Leila , Navaifar Mohammad Reza , Arabi Mohsen , Movahedi Faeze Sadat , Hosseinzadeh Fatemeh , Fahimzad Seyed Alireza , Shirazi Zahra Serati , Rezai Mohammad Sadegh 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background

It has been determined that the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic needs social distancing and proper measures to prevent its spreading. This study aimed to determine COVID-19 knowledge, attitude, and practice among Sari Birth Cohort (SBC) members.
Methods

In this cross-sectional study linked to the SBC in north of Iran, mothers living in Sari and its suburbs from March 28 to April 8, 2020 were evaluated. The measurement tool was an online researcher-made, self-reported knowledge, attitude, and practice questionnaire related to COVID-19.
Results

In total, 1449 mothers with a mean age of 31.51 ± 5.73 years participated. Of them, 82.4% had good knowledge (98.6% in healthcare workers and 79.2% in housewives, p = 0.000). Most of them were worried about spread of the disease in the country (97.4%) and agreed that COVID-19 will finally be successfully controlled around the world (72.2%). Sleep disturbance was reported in 42.7% of mothers. Eighty-eight percent of cases wore masks and gloves when leaving the house, 99.4% washed their hands frequently while 12.9% went to any crowded places. People with better knowledge followed safer practices (p = 0.000) and were more worried about the spread of the disease in the country and infection (among themselves and their first-degree relatives) (p = 0.000).
Conclusions

Most of the SBC members had a good level of knowledge about COVID-19 but were worried about a long-term pandemic period. They also had good practices regarding the prevention of the disease.
Prohibitin Protects Against Cigarette Smoke Extract-Induced Cell Apoptosis in Cultured Human Pulmonary Microvascular Endothelial Cells
Authors: Peng Yating , Zhou Zijing , Zhou Aiyuan , Duan JiaXi , Peng Hong , Ouyang Ruoyun , Chen Yan , Chen Ping 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Prohibitin is an evolutionarily conserved and ubiquitously expressed protein in eukaryocyte. It mediate many important roles in cell survival, apoptosis, autophagy and senescence. In the present study, we aimed to explore the role of prohibitin in cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-induced apoptosis of human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (HPMECs). For this purpose, HPMECs were trasfected with prohibitin and challenged with CSE. Our results showed that CSE exposure inhibited prohibitin expression in a dose-dependent manner in HPMECs. Overexpression of prohibitin could protect cell from CSE-induced injury by inhibiting CSE-induced cell apoptosis, inhibiting reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, increase mitochondrial membrane potential, increase the content of mitochondrial transcription factor A (mtTFA), IKKα/β phosphorylation and IκB-α degradation. CSE decreases prohibitin expression in endothelial cells and restoration of prohibitin expression in these cells can protect against the deleterious effects of CSE on mitochondrial and cells. We identified prohibitin is a novel regulator of endothelial cell apoptosis and survival in the context of cigarette smoke exposure.
Azole-acridine hybrids as potential enzymatic inhibitors of coronavirus-2 main protease and RNA polymerase by molecular modeling strategy
Authors: Rono Charles K. , Makhubela Banothile C.E. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 has been identified as the cause of the current outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19). As part of the efforts to develop potential drugs with promise for clinical use, a molecular docking study on azole (triazole and pyrazole) based molecules on the main protease Mpro and RNA polymerase was conducted, as possible inhibitors that could be elected for further experimental bioassays. Autodock has been employed to identify azole derivatives 1-6 preferred conformations in the active site of the enzyme and to estimate their binding affinities to the protease and RNA polymerase targets. From the molecular docking strategy, these new azole compounds though nonpeptides in nature display possible inhibition of Mpro activity with comparable affinities (-4.7 kcal/mol to -6.5 kcal/mol) to the recently reported peptide-like inhibitors such as α-ketoamide inhibitor 13b (-5.0 k/cal/mol). They also exhibit improved binding affinities to RNA polymerase (-6.3 to -7.1 kcal/mol) comparable to remdesivir (-6.6 kcal/mol). Based on the observed binding energies, these compounds may possess anti-coronavirus bioactivity through inhibition of the virus main protease as well as RNA polymerase activities in living cells.
The biometric parameters of aniso-astigmatism and its risk factor in Chinese preschool children: the Nanjing Eye Study
Authors: Tong Haohai , Hao Qingfeng , Wang Zijin , Wang Yue , Li Rui , Zhao Xiaoyan , Sun Qigang , Zhang Xiaohan , Chen Xuejuan , Zhu Hui , Huang Dan , Liu Hu 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
BackgroundsTo determine the biometric components of aniso-astigmatism and associated maternal risk factors in Chinese preschool children.MethodsIn the population-based, cohort Nanjing Eye Study, children were measured for noncycloplegic refractive error using an autorefractor and for biometric parameters using an optical low-coherent reflectometry. The difference of total astigmatism (TA) between both eyes was calculated using cylinder power (non-vectorial aniso-TA was defined as ≥ 1.00 Dioptre Cylinder [DC] between both eyes) and by vector analysis (vectorial aniso-TA was defined as a difference of ≥ 0.5 in J0 or J45 between both eyes which is equivalent to 1.00 DC). The prevalence of aniso-TA was presented. Interocular biometric parameters were compared between with vs. without aniso-astigmatism group. In addition, risk factors were determined using multivariate logistic regression model.ResultsOf 1131 children (66.90 ± 3.38 months, 53.31% male), the prevalence of non-vectorial aniso-TA was 1.95% (95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 1.14%-2.75%), while the prevalence of vectorial aniso-TA was twice as common as non-vectorial aniso-TA, neither varying with sex or age. With aniso-TA eyes were more asymmetric in axial length and corneal curvature radius than without aniso-TA eyes. In multivariate logistic regression model, 5-min apgar score less than 7 was significantly associated with higher risk of aniso-TA (vectorial aniso-TA: Odds Ratio (OR) = 6.42, 95%CI = 2.63–15.69, P < 0.001; non-vectorial aniso-TA: OR = 4.92, 95%CI = 1.41–17.68, P = 0.01). Being twin or triple was significantly associated with higher risk of vectorial aniso-CA (OR = 2.43, 95%CI = 1.05–5.60, P = 0.38). Pre-term delivery (OR = 2.60, 95%CI = 1.09–6.15, P = 0.03) and post-term delivery (OR = 3.61, 95%CI = 1.31–9.96, P = 0.01) were significantly associated with higher risk of vectorial aniso-CA.ConclusionsBoth corneal curvature radius and axial length asymmetry were correlated with aniso-TA. Children with 5-min apgar score < 7 were more likely to have aniso-TA, while twin or triple, pre-term or post-term delivery were risk factors for vectorial aniso-CA.