bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Longitudinal Oral Health‐Related Quality of Life in maxillary mini dental implant overdentures after 3 years in function”
Authors: Van Doorne Luc , Fonteyne Ester , Matthys Carine , Bronkhorst Ewald , Meijer Gert , De Bruyn Hugo 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectivesLongitudinal evaluation of Oral Health‐Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) during treatment of flaplessly placed, one‐piece mini‐dental‐implants (MDIs) for maxillary overdentures is rarely investigated, nor is the impact of MDI failures.Material and methodsThis multicenter prospective cohort study evaluated the 3‐year outcome of 5–6 MDIs in the edentulous maxilla in patients above 50 years with dentate mandible. Provisional dentures were provided before final prosthetic connection was established at 6 months. Postoperative discomfort was assessed using a visual analogue score (VAS). OHRQoL was investigated using the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP)‐14 at baseline (preoperatively), postoperatively, post‐prosthetic connection and after 3 years in function.Results164 (78.4%) of the 204 placed MDIs were still in situ after 3 years, in 29/31 patients. Two patients lost 5/6 MDIs resulting in two prosthetic failures (6.45%). With regard to pain, a score of 4.1/10 (SD 2.8) was recorded on day 1, and 1.1/10 (SD 1.7) on day 7. A decrease in total OHIP‐14 scores was observed postoperatively (15.6; SD 12.8) as compared to baseline (21.3; SD 13.1), with improvement of OHRQoL. Furthermore, this was statistically significant at connection of the final prosthesis (7.3; SD 6.7) (p = .006). The OHIP‐14 improved less (p = .011) when experiencing one or more implant losses (9.5; SD: 9.85), in comparison with no implant loss (20.7; SD: 13.97). A failure of one MDI did not affect OHIP‐14 score (p = .658); however, multiple failures did (p = .007).ConclusionMaxillary MDI overdenture treatment yields significant OHRQoL improvement when at least 5 MDIs survive, preserving functional comfort.
A machine learning approach for optimizing heuristic decision‐making in Web Ontology Language reasoners
Authors: Mehri Razieh , Haarslev Volker , Chinaei Hamidreza 
Published: October 2020

AbstractDescription logics (DLs) are formalisms for representing knowledge bases of application domains. The Web Ontology Language (OWL) is a syntactic variant of a very expressive DL. OWL reasoners can infer implied information from OWL ontologies. The performance of OWL reasoners can be severely affected by situations that require decision‐making over many alternatives. Such a nondeterministic behavior is often controlled by heuristics that are based on insufficient information. This article proposes a novel OWL reasoning approach that applies machine learning (ML) to implement pragmatic and optimal decision‐making strategies in such situations. Disjunctions occurring in ontologies are one source of nondeterministic actions in reasoners. We propose two ML‐based approaches to reduce the nondeterminism caused by dealing with disjunctions. The first approach is restricted to propositional DL while the second one can deal with standard DL. Both approaches speed up our ML‐based reasoner by up to two orders of magnitude in comparison to the non‐ML reasoner. Another source of nondeterministic actions is the order in which tableau rules should be applied. On average, our ML‐based approach achieves a speedup of two orders of magnitude when compared to the most expensive rule ordering of the non‐ML reasoner.
Bioglass could increase cell membrane fluidity with ion products to develop its bioactivity
Authors: Yan Longxin , Li Haiyan , Xia Weiliang 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectivesSilicate bioactive glass (BG) has been widely demonstrated to stimulate both of the hard and soft tissue regeneration, in which ion products released from BG play important roles. However, the mechanism by which ion products act on cells on cells is unclear.Materials and methodsHuman umbilical vein endothelial cells and human bone marrow stromal cells were used in this study. Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching and generalized polarization was used to characterize changes in cell membrane fluidity. Migration, differentiation and apoptosis experiments were carried out. RNA and protein chip were detected. The signal cascade is simulated to evaluate the effect of increased cell membrane fluidity on signal transduction.ResultsWe have demonstrated that ion products released from BG could effectively enhance cell membrane fluidity in a direct and physical way, and Si ions may play a major role. Bioactivities of BG ion products on cells, such as migration and differentiation, were regulated by membrane fluidity. Furthermore, we have proved that BG ion products could promote apoptosis of injured cells based on our conclusion that BG ion products increased membrane fluidity.ConclusionsThis study proved that BG ion products could develop its bioactivity on cells by directly enhancing cell membrane fluidity and subsequently affected cell behaviours, which may provide an explanation for the general bioactivities of silicate material.
Male aggressiveness in a polygynous ungulate varies with social and ecological context
Authors: Panebianco Antonella , Gregorio Pablo F. , Ovejero Ramiro , Marozzi Antonela , Ruiz Blanco Mariel , Leggieri Leonardo R. , Taraborelli Paula A. , Carmanchahi Pablo D. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAggression is a social behaviour which can be affected by numerous factors. The quality and quantity of food resources may play an important role in the aggressiveness of territorial ungulates as the defence of these resources influences female choice and mating opportunities. However, the relationship between food resources and aggression remains poorly understood. We assessed the ecological and social factors that influence aggression in Lama guanicoe, a territorial ungulate exhibiting resource‐defence polygyny, during three periods (group‐formation, mating and post‐mating) in the reproductive seasons of 2014 and 2016. We recorded 460 focal observations of territorial (family groups, solitary) and non‐territorial (mixed and bachelor groups) males. We performed analyses at the population level (including all focal observations) and at the group level (each social unit separately), to test whether the factors that influence aggression differ at these different scales. We also identified proxies of vegetation quality as potential predictors of aggression. At the population level, we found that the presence of aggressive behaviour peaked during the mating season and that post‐mating aggression may have been driven by inter‐annual environmental variations. For family groups and solitary males, variables reflecting high vegetation quality/quantity were predictors of aggressive behaviour, reflecting the resource‐defence strategy of this species. Conversely, for mixed‐group males, aggression may be more associated with social instability and group size, although this hypothesis has yet to be tested. Our research reinforces the idea that aggression can occur in multiple contexts depending on male status (e.g. territorial or non‐territorial) and contributes to our understanding of how ecological (i.e. availability of food resources) and social factors influence aggression in a territorial ungulate.
Adherence to a Mediterranean diet associated with lower blood pressure in a US sample: Findings from the Maine‐Syracuse Longitudinal Study
Authors: Ahmed Fayeza S. , Wade Alexandra T. , Guenther Benjamin A. , Murphy Karen J. , Elias Merrill F. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractHypertension is a key modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) may be associated with improvements in blood pressure. However, few studies have examined the association between MedDiet adherence and blood pressure in non‐Mediterranean populations, and findings are mixed. We analyzed cross‐sectional data (Wave 6) for 851 participants of the Maine‐Syracuse Longitudinal Study. MedDiet adherence was calculated using food frequency questionnaire data and a literature‐based MedDiet adherence score. Dependent variables included systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), pulse pressure (PP), and mean arterial pressure (MAP). Separate linear robust regression analyses revealed significant associations between MedDiet adherence and for SBP (b = −0.69, 95% CI = [−1.25, −0.20]), DBP (b = −0.33, 95% CI = [−0.58, −0.04]), and MAP (b = −0.45, 95% CI = [−0.77, −0.11]), but not for PP. These findings indicate that the MedDiet is associated with some metrics of blood pressure in a large, community‐based, non‐Mediterranean sample.
Insights on home blood pressure monitoring in Asia: Expert perspectives from 10 countries/regions
Authors: Wang Ji‐Guang , Bunyi Ma Lourdes , Chia Yook Chin , Kario Kazuomi , Ohkubo Takayoshi , Park Sungha , Sukonthasarn Apichard , Tay Jam Chin , Turana Yuda , Verma Narsingh , Wang Tzung‐Dau , Imai Yutaka 
Published: October 2020

AbstractHypertension is one of the most powerful modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease. It is usually asymptomatic and therefore essential to measure blood pressure regularly for the detection of hypertension. Home blood pressure monitoring (HBPM) is recognized as a valuable tool to monitor blood pressure and facilitate effective diagnosis of hypertension. It is useful to identify the masked or white‐coat hypertension. There is also increasing evidence that supports the role of HBPM in guiding antihypertensive treatment, and improving treatment compliance and hypertension control. In addition, HBPM has also shown prognostic value in predicting cardiovascular events. Despite these benefits, the use of HBPM in many parts of Asia has been reported to be low. An expert panel comprising 12 leading experts from 10 Asian countries/regions convened to share their perspectives on the realities of HBPM. This article provides an expert summary of the current status of HBPM and the key factors hindering its use. It also describes HBPM‐related initiatives in the respective countries/regions and presents strategies that could be implemented to better support the use of HBPM in the management of hypertension.
Calhex231 ameliorates myocardial fibrosis post myocardial infarction in rats through the autophagy‐NLRP3 inflammasome pathway in macrophages
Authors: Liu Wenxiu , Sun Jiaxing , Guo Yutong , Liu Na , Ding Xue , Zhang Xin , Chi Jinyu , Kang Ningning , Liu Yue , Yin Xinhua 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe calcium‐sensing receptor (CaSR) is involved in the pathophysiology of many cardiovascular diseases, including myocardial infarction (MI) and hypertension. The role of Calhex231, a specific inhibitor of CaSR, in myocardial fibrosis following MI is still unclear. Using Wistar rats, we investigated whether Calhex231 ameliorates myocardial fibrosis through the autophagy‐NLRP3 inflammasome pathway in macrophages post myocardial infarction (MI). The rats were randomly divided into sham, MI and MI + Calhex231 groups. Compared with the sham rats, the MI rats consistently developed severe cardiac function, myocardial fibrosis and infiltration of inflammatory cells including macrophages. Moreover, inflammatory pathway including activation of NLRP3 inflammasome, IL‐1β and autophagy was significantly up‐regulated in myocardial tissue, infiltrated cardiac macrophages and peritoneal macrophages of the MI rats. These impacts were reversed by Calhex231. In vitro, studies revealed that calindol and rapamycin exacerbated MI‐induced autophagy and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in peritoneal macrophages. Calhex231 and 3‐Methyladenine (a specific inhibitor of autophagy) attenuated both autophagy and NLRP3 inflammasome activation; however, the caspase‐1 inhibitor Z‐YVAD‐FMK did not. Our study indicated that Calhex231 improved cardiac function and ameliorated myocardial fibrosis post MI, likely via the inhibition of autophagy‐mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation; this provides a new therapeutic target for ventricular remodelling‐related cardiovascular diseases.
COVID‐19 in Older Adults: A Series of 76 Patients Aged 85 Years and Older with COVID‐19
Authors: Vrillon Agathe , Hourregue Claire , Azuar Julien , Grosset Lina , Boutelier Ada , Tan Sophie , Roger Michael , Mourman Vianney , Mouly Stéphane , Sène Damien , François Véronique , Dumurgier Julien , Paquet Claire ,   for LRB COVID Group
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUNDClinical presentation and risk factors of death in COVID‐19 in oldest adults have not been well characterized.OBJECTIVESTo describe clinical features and outcome of COVID‐19 in patients older than 85 years and study risk factors for mortality.DESIGNProspective cohort.PARTICIPANTS AND SETTINGPatients aged 85 years and older, admitted in noncritical care units at the University Hospital Lariboisière Fernand‐Widal (Paris, France) for confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection were included and followed up for 21 days.MEASUREMENTSClinical and laboratory findings were collected. Cox survival analysis was performed to explore factors associated with death.RESULTSFrom March 14 to April 11, 2020, 76 patients (median age = 90 (86–92) years; women = 55.3%) were admitted for confirmed COVID‐19. Of the patients, 64.5% presented with three or more comorbidities. Most common symptoms were asthenia (76.3%), fever (75.0%) and confusion and delirium (71.1%). An initial fall was reported in 25.0% of cases, and digestive symptoms were reported in 22.4% of cases. COVID‐19 was severe in 51.3% of cases, moderate in 32.9%, and mild in 15.8%. Complications included acute respiratory syndrome (28.9%), cardiac decompensation (14.5%), and hypotensive shock (9.0%). Fatality at 21 days was 28.9%, after a median course of disease of 13 (8–17) days. Males were overrepresented in nonsurvivors (68.2%). In survivors, median length of stay was 12 (9–19.5) days. Independent predictive factors of death were C‐reactive protein level at admission and lymphocyte count at nadir.CONCLUSIONSpecific clinical features, multiorgan injury, and high case fatality rate are observed in older adults with COVID‐19. However, rapid diagnosis, appropriate care, and monitoring seem to improve prognosis.
“Gente como nosotros”: Cuestionando la ancestralidad desde la cosmología quechua
Authors: Muñoz Morán Óscar 
Published: October 2020

ResumenEste artículo parte de una reflexión crítica de los estudios americanistas y la relación que establecen entre historia y antropología, en que se cuestiona cómo la antropología andinista ha abordado el estudio del pasado indígena. El texto ofrece una nueva interpretación de la forma en que se entiende la ancestralidad de las chullpas (en cuanto restos antiguos) en los Andes. Según los miembros del ayllu quechua de Coipasi (Bolivia), las chullpas son los restos físicos de los primeros habitantes del lugar, destruidos por el diluvio. Utilizo la etnografía para analizar la manera en que los coipaseños expresan en narrativa, discurso, prácticas cotidianas, formas de memoria e indentificación con las chullpas, la relación con su pasado y presente. Esta relación con los restos, en comparación con la establecida con los muertos más recientes, nos muestra que son entendidos como un conjunto de experiencias que les ayuda a comprender su propia ontología, y no como ancestros.
Acute on chronic kidney disease in dogs: Etiology, clinical and clinicopathologic findings, prognostic markers, and survival
Authors: Dunaevich Asia , Chen Hilla , Musseri Danielle , Kuzi Sharon , Mazaki‐Tovi Michal , Aroch Itamar , Segev Gilad 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundChronic kidney disease (CKD) and acute exacerbation of CKD (ACKD) are common in dogs.ObjectiveTo characterize the etiology, clinical and laboratory findings, and short‐ and long‐term prognosis of dogs with ACKD.AnimalsOne hundred dogs with ACKD.MethodsMedical records of dogs diagnosed with ACKD admitted to a veterinary teaching hospital were retrospectively reviewed.ResultsThe most common clinical signs included anorexia (84%), lethargy (77%), vomiting (55%) and diarrhea (37%). Presumptive etiology included inflammatory causes (30%), pyelonephritis (15%), ischemic causes (7%), other (3%), or unknown (45%). Median hospitalization time was 5 days (range, 2‐29 days) and was significantly longer in survivors (6 days; range, 2‐29 days) compared with nonsurvivors (4 days; range, 2‐20 days;P< .001). Mortality rate was 35%. International Renal Interest Society (IRIS) acute kidney injury (AKI) grade at presentation was associated (P= .009) with short‐term survival, but presumptive etiology was not (P= .46). On multivariable analysis; respiratory rate (P= .01), creatine kinase (CK) activity (P= .005) and serum creatinine concentration (SCR;P= .04) at presentation were associated with short‐term outcome. Median survival time of dogs discharged was 105 days (95% confidence interval [CI], 25‐184), with 35 and 8 dogs surviving up to 6 and 12 months, respectively. Presumptive etiology (P= .16) and SCR (P= .59) at discharge were not predictors of long‐term survival.Conclusion and Clinical ImportanceShort‐term outcome of dogs with ACKD is comparable to those with AKI but long‐term prognosis is guarded. The IRIS AKI grade at presentation is a prognostic indicator of short‐term outcome.
Sustained off therapy response after peglyated interferon favours functional cure and no disease progression in chronic hepatitis B
Authors: Lee Soon Kyu , Kwon Jung Hyun , Lee Sung Won , Jang Jeong Won , Nam Heechul , Baik Kyoung Won , Yoo Sun Hong , Nam Soon Woo , Sung Pil Soo , Bae Si Hyun , Choi Jong Young , Yoon Seung Kew 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackground & AimsNucleos(t)ide analogue (NA) therapy in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients reduces liver‐related mortality. However, long‐term outcomes after pegylated interferon (PEG‐IFN) therapy remain to be elucidated. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the long‐term effectiveness and clinical outcomes of PEG‐IFN therapy.MethodsA total of 190 patients treated with PEG‐IFN for CHB or compensated cirrhosis were consecutively enrolled between 2005 and 2014, and 122 patients who completed the treatment were analysed. The initial response was assessed at 6 months post‐treatment and defined as achieving both <2000 IU/mL HBV DNA and HBeAg loss or seroconversion in the HBeAg‐positive group, and <2000 IU/mL HBV DNA in the HBeAg‐negative group. The rates of HBsAg loss, disease progression to cirrhosis or HCC, and sustained off‐therapy response, defined as not requiring further NAs because of low viremia and liver enzymes, were analysed.ResultsThe median follow‐up period was 7.2 years. Forty‐three (35.2%) patients achieved an initial response and 53 patients (43.4%) achieved a sustained response. Initial responders displayed higher rates of sustained response than noninitial responders (69.6% vs 32.5%, P < .001). A higher rate of HBsAg loss was observed in patients who achieved a sustained response than in non‐sustained responders (16.2% vs 2.5%, P = .01). Disease progression to cirrhosis or HCC was observed in eight patients (6.6%) who were nonsustained responders.ConclusionsDuring long‐term follow‐up after PEG‐IFN treatment, nearly half of patients achieved sustained response without the need of further NA and these patients displayed favourable outcomes, including HBsAg loss and no disease progression.
The Assessment of Paravertebral Ossification Progression After Cervical Disc Arthroplasty Based on CT Images: A Long‐term Follow‐up
Authors: Zeng Cheng , Tian Wei , Liu Bo , Fan Mingxing 
Published: October 2020

ObjectiveThis study focused on the assessment of paravertebral ossification (PO) after cervical disc arthroplasty (CDA) using computed tomography (CT) images.MethodsIn this retrospective study, 52 patients (from 2004 to 2010) who received CDA at a single center were included (32 males). Preoperative and follow‐up X‐ray and CT images of all patients who underwent single‐level CDA were collected. PO from the C2/3 to C7/T1 in each patient was graded based on a CT grading system. Each segment was divided into operative level, adjacent level, or non‐adjacent level. The McAfee' classification system was used to grade PO using X‐ray plain film. The range of motion (ROM) and scores of neurological symptoms (Japanese Orthopaedic Association [JOA] score and Neck Disability Index [NDI]) at both preoperative and final follow‐up time were acquired. Progression and classification of PO in each group was compared using the chi‐square test. ROM between groups were compared using independent t‐test. JOA score and NDI between groups were compared using Mann–Whitney U test.ResultsThe average follow‐up time was 81.2 months. In comparison with the preoperative status, the progression of PO development in left and right areas (the Luschka joints areas) in the operative level groups was significantly more severe (area L,χ2 value = 36.612, P < 0.001; area R, χ2 value = 39.172, P < 0.001) than the non‐adjacent level groups. In contrast, although the prevalence of PO in all areas of the adjacent level groups was higher than that of the non‐adjacent level group in the same segments, there was no significant difference (P > 0.05) in the progression of PO development. The follow‐up high‐grade (grades III and IV) PO incidence rate using X‐ray grading system (3.85%) was significantly lower than that using CT grading system in area L (42.31%) and R (38.46%), but close to that in area A (5.77%) and P (1.92%). The final follow‐up ROM was not significantly different with preoperative ROM in patients with low‐grade PO (9.47° ± 4.12° vs. 9.76° ± 3.69°, P = 0.794). However, in patients with high‐grade PO, the final follow‐up ROM was significantly lower than preoperative ROM (5.77° ± 3.32° vs. 9.28° ± 4.15°, P < 0.001). There was no significant difference for JOA score and NDI at follow‐up between patients with high‐grade and low‐grade PO (JOA, 16.2 ± 1.1 vs. 16.8 ± 0.9, P = 0.489; NDI, 8.9 ± 6.1 vs. 8.0 ± 7.3, P = 0.317).ConclusionHigh‐grade PO was observed in the areas of the Luschka joints at the operative level after CDA, which was difficult to observe using X‐ray plain film. The PO formation at adjacent segments was not significant.
Bayogenin 3‐O‐cellobioside confers non‐cultivar‐specific defence against the rice blast fungus Pyricularia oryzae
Authors: Norvienyeku Justice , Lin Lili , Waheed Abdul , Chen Xiaomin , Bao Jiandong , Aliyu Sami Rukaiya , Lin Lianyu , Shabbir Ammarah , Batool Wajjiha , Zhong Zhenhui , Zhou Jie , Lu Guodong , Wang Zonghua 
Published: October 2020

SummaryRice cultivars from japonica and indica lineage possess differential resistance against blast fungus as a result of genetic divergence. Whether different rice cultivars also show distinct metabolomic changes in response to P. oryzae, and their role in host resistance, are poorly understood. Here, we examine the responses of six different rice cultivars from japonica and indica lineage challenged with P. oryzae. Both susceptible and resistant rice cultivars expressed several metabolites exclusively during P. oryzae infection, including the saponin Bayogenin 3‐O‐cellobioside. Bayogenin 3‐O‐cellobioside level in infected rice directly correlated with their resistant attributes. These findings reveal, for the first time to our knowledge that besides oat, other grass plants including rice produces protective saponins. Our study provides insight into the role of pathogen‐mediated metabolomics reprogramming in host immunity. The correlation between Bayogenin 3‐O‐Cellobioside levels and blast resistance suggests that engineering saponin expression in cereal crops represents attractive and sustainable disease management.