bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cartographing dynamic stall with machine learning
Authors: Lennie Matthew , Steenbuck Johannes , Noack Bernd R. , Paschereit Christian Oliver 
Published: June 2020

Abstract. Once stall has set in, lift collapses, drag increases and then both of these forces will fluctuate strongly. The result is higher fatigue loads and lower energy yield. In dynamic stall, separation first develops from the trailing edge up the leading edge. Eventually the shear layer rolls up, and then a coherent vortex forms and then sheds downstream with its low-pressure core causing a lift overshoot and moment drop. When 50+ experimental cycles of lift or pressure values are averaged, this process appears clear and coherent in flow visualizations. Unfortunately, stall is not one clean process but a broad collection of processes.
This means that the analysis of separated flows should be able to detect outliers and analyze cycle-to-cycle variations. Modern data science and machine learning can be used to treat separated flows. In this study, a clustering method based on dynamic time warping is used to find different shedding behaviors. This method captures the fact that secondary and tertiary vorticity vary strongly, and in static stall with surging flow the flow can occasionally reattach. A convolutional neural network was used to extract dynamic stall vorticity convection speeds and phases from pressure data. Finally, bootstrapping was used to provide best practices regarding the number of experimental repetitions required to ensure experimental convergence.
Curaçao en de coronacrisis
Authors: Sybesma J. , de Knegt R.E.R. 
Published: June 2020

Curaçao en de coronacrisis
Dit artikel brengt de juridische grondslag voor de door de Curaçaose regering genomen maatregelen ter bestrijding van COVID-19 in kaart. Elk overheidsoptreden dient te berusten op kenbare en voldoende algemene wettelijke regels en grondrechten dienen door de overheid te worden geëerbiedigd. Ook onder grote druk en in tijden van nood waarin snel en adequaat handelen door de overheid is geboden, zal de rechtsstaat gerespecteerd moeten worden. De getroffen maatregelen begin 2020 in Curaçao verhouden zich echter niet altijd even goed tot de beginselen van de democratische rechtsstaat.
How Vegetation Spatially Alters the Response of Precipitation and Air Temperature? Evidence from Pakistan
Authors: Ahmad Waqar , Khan Afed Ullah , Khan Fayaz Ahmad , Farooq Muhammad , Baig Ammar Ahmad , Shah Liaqat Ali , Khan Jehanzeb 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Precipitation, air temperature and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) data of 32 sites for a period of 1983 to till date in Pakistan were collected with the objective of studying the effects of vegetation on precipitation and air temperature in Pakistan. Spatial trends were assessed for NDVI, precipitation and air temperature (maximum and minimum). Increasing trends were observed at 18, 20, 24 and 26 number of monitoring stations for NDVI, precipitation and maximum and minimum temperature respectively. The trends of NDVI were compared with the trends of precipitation and maximum and minimum temperature in hilly and urban areas. NDVI and precipitation showed parallel trends in hilly areas at 64% of the monitoring stations. Whereas, only 53% of the stations displayed parallel trends in urban areas. 71% of the stations showed opposite NDVI and maximum temperature trends and 79% of the stations showed opposite NDVI and minimum temperature trends in hilly areas. However, in urban areas only 47% and 41% of the stations showed opposite trends of NDVI and maximum temperature and NDVI and minimum temperature respectively. Pearson’s correlation coefficients were calculated to determine the effects of vegetation on precipitation and air temperature (maximum and minimum) in hilly and urban areas. The results showed that there exists positive relationship between NDVI and precipitation and negative relationship between NDVI and temperature (maximum and minimum) in most of the hilly areas. However, in urban areas, the positive relationship between NDVI and precipitation exists only in 47% of the stations and negative relationships between NDVI and maximum temperature and between NDVI and minimum temperature exist only in 47% and 41% of the stations respectively. Results of the current study suggest afforestation practices at country level to reduce climate change effects.
FFT-Based Data Hiding on Audio in LWT-Domain Using Spread Spectrum Technique
Authors: Budiman Gelar , Suksmono Andriyan Bayu , Danudirdjo Donny 
Published: June 2020

Audio watermarking is a process to hide digital data without being seen or heard by the sense of sight or hearing. Watermaking is applied to insert the copyright on digital media, such as an image file, an audio file or a video file. In this paper, we propose watermarking procedure to embed spread spectrum watermark into frequency domain of adaptive selected subband from host audio. Lifting Wavelet Transform (LWT) is used to decompose the host audio into several subbands, and then Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) transforms selected several subbands with lowest energy. The watermark image is converted into one-dimensional signal, then it is modulated by imperceptible pseudo-noise (PN) code with controlled gain. Next, the frequency domain of audio is added by modulated and imperceptible watermark prior to transforming it to time domain by Inverse FFT (IFFT) obtaining watermarked subbands. Finally, the watermarked subbands are combined with other unused subbands by inverse LWT (ILWT) becoming the perfect version of watermarked audio. The result of this method has good robustness against most attacks from stirmark benchmark experiments, good imperceptibility with Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) more than 30 dB and payload 172.66 bps.
Tzv. procesné trestné činy v rímskom práve
Authors: Gregor Martin 
Published: June 2020

Príspevok poukazuje na eventuálnu zodpovednosť žalobcu za dolózne konanie, ktorým by sa pokúšal negatívne ovplyvniť priebeh rímskeho trestného procesu s cieľom mariť výkon spravodlivosti. Bližšie analyzuje skutkové podstaty troch trestných činov, ktoré mali chrániť riadny priebeh trestného konania. Išlo jednak o zamedzenie krivého obvinenia, aby žalobami neboli zaťažovaní nevinní ľudia. Ak podaná žaloba vykazovala v tomto smere prvky adresnosti, žalobca bol povinný svoju úlohu zastávať svedomito a nenadržiavať z istých príčin obžalovanému, inak by sa dopustil trestného činu nepoctivej žaloby. Napokon by bol žalobca potrestaný za rozpačitosť, ak by svoju žalobu v priebehu procesu opustil tým, že by vo veci nevykonával žiadne procesné úkony.
Právní rozhovor soudu a stran v civilním procesu
Authors: Mazel Filip 
Published: June 2020

Příspěvek se zabývá problematikou právního rozhovoru soudu a stran v civilním sporném řízení, v rámci kterého by soud měl se stranami probrat věc po skutkové a právní stránce. V příspěvku je analyzována současná česká právní úprava (včetně návrhu věcného záměru civilního řádu soudního) a zejména možnosti inspirace v zahraničních (rakouském a německém) civilních procesech, ve kterých má právní rozhovor (Rechtsgespräch) své pevné místo coby součást materiálního vedení řízení soudem. Příznivé účinky, které může probrání věci s účastníky mít na průběh a výsledek celého řízení, jsou pak demonstrovány skrze funkce, které právní rozhovor v řízení plní.
Novel Dual-Fluorescent Mitophagy Reporter Reveals a Reduced Mitophagy Flux in Type 1 Diabetic Mouse Heart
Authors: Kobayashi Satoru , Patel Joy , Zhao Fengyi , Huang Yuan , Kobayashi Tamayo , Liang Qiangrong 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Context: Patients with diabetes are susceptible to heart failure. Defective mitochondria can cause cardiac damage. Mitochondrial autophagy or mitophagy is a quality control mechanism that eliminates dysfunctional mitochondria through lysosome degradation. Mitophagy is essential for maintaining a pool of healthy mitochondria for normal cardiac function. However, the effect of diabetes on the functional status of cardiac mitophagy remains unclear.

Objective: To determine and compare cardiac mitophagy flux between diabetic and nondiabetic mice.

Methods: Using a novel dual fluorescent mitophagy reporter termed mt-Rosella, we labeled and traced mitochondrial fragments that are sequestered by the autophagosome and delivered to and degraded in the lysosome.

Results: Mitophagic activity was reduced in high-glucose–treated cardiomyocytes and in the heart tissue of type 1 diabetic mice.

Conclusions: Mitophagy was impaired in the heart of diabetic mice, suggesting that restoring or accelerating mitophagy flux may be a useful strategy to reduce cardiac injury caused by diabetes.
A preoperative nomogram for sepsis in percutaneous nephrolithotomy treating solitary, unilateral and proximal ureteral stones
Authors: Xun Yang , Yang Yuanyuan , Yu Xiao , Li Cong , Lu Junlin , Wang Shaogang 
Published: June 2020

Background
Postoperative sepsis is a lethal complication for percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). An early predictive model combined local and systemic conditions is urgently needed to predict infectious events. We aim to determine the preoperative predictors of sepsis after PCNL in patients with unilateral, solitary, and proximal ureteral stones.

Methods
A total of 745 patients who underwent PCNL between January 2012 and December 2018 were retrospectively enrolled. Sepsis was defined based on the International Sepsis Definitions in 2001, and the preoperative factors were compared between the non-sepsis and sepsis groups. Univariable analysis and multivariable logistic regression analysis were conducted to determine the predictors for sepsis after PCNL. A nomogram was generated using the predictors.

Results
In this study, 35 patients (4.7%) developed sepsis after PCNL. Univariate analysis showed that post-PCNL sepsis was associated with the female, lower albumin, higher globulin, lower albumin globulin ratio (AGR < 1.5), preoperative fever, leukocytosis (WBC ≥ 10,000 cells/μL), positive urine culture, leukocyturia (≥50 cells/μL) and positive urine nitrite. Multivariate logistic regression analysis suggested that AGR < 1.5 (odds ratio [OR] = 5.068, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.135–22.624], P = 0.033), positive urine culture (OR = 3.243, 95% CI [1.162–9.047], P = 0.025), leukocytosis (OR = 3.706, 95% CI [1.444–9.512], P = 0.006) and female (OR = 2.529, 95% CI [1.127–5.672], P = 0.024) were independent risk factors for sepsis. A nomogram was generated and displayed favorable fitting (Hosmer–Lemeshow test P = 0.797), discrimination (area under receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.807), and clinical usefulness by decision curve analysis.

Conclusions
Patients with certain preoperative characteristics, such as female, lower AGR, positive urine culture, and leukocytosis, who undergo PCNL may have a higher risk of developing sepsis. A cautious preoperative evaluation and optimized treatment strategy should be considered in these patients to minimize infectious complications.
Hemogram data as a tool for decision-making in COVID-19 management: applications to resource scarcity scenarios
Authors: Avila Eduardo , Kahmann Alessandro , Alho Clarice , Dorn Marcio 
Published: June 2020

BackgroundCOVID-19 pandemics has challenged emergency response systems worldwide, with widespread reports of essential services breakdown and collapse of health care structure. A critical element involves essential workforce management since current protocols recommend release from duty for symptomatic individuals, including essential personnel. Testing capacity is also problematic in several countries, where diagnosis demand outnumbers available local testing capacity.PurposeThis work describes a machine learning model derived from hemogram exam data performed in symptomatic patients and how they can be used to predict qRT-PCR test results.MethodsHemogram exams data from 510 symptomatic patients (73 positives and 437 negatives) were used to model and predict qRT-PCR results through Naïve-Bayes algorithms. Different scarcity scenarios were simulated, including symptomatic essential workforce management and absence of diagnostic tests. Adjusts in assumedpriorprobabilities allow fine-tuning of the model, according to actual prediction context.ResultsProposed models can predict COVID-19 qRT-PCR results in symptomatic individuals with high accuracy, sensitivity and specificity, yielding a 100% sensitivity and 22.6% specificity with apriorof 0.9999; 76.7% for both sensitivity and specificity with apriorof 0.2933; and 0% sensitivity and 100% specificity with apriorof 0.001. Regarding background scarcity context, resources allocation can be significantly improved when model-based patient selection is observed, compared to random choice.ConclusionsMachine learning models can be derived from widely available, quick, and inexpensive exam data in order to predict qRT-PCR results used in COVID-19 diagnosis. These models can be used to assist strategic decision-making in resource scarcity scenarios, including personnel shortage, lack of medical resources, and testing insufficiency.
Effect of Addition of Doum Fruits Powder on Chemical, Rheological and Nutritional Properties of Toast Bread
Authors: Hadidy G. S. El- , Dreny E. G. El- 
Published: June 2020

The aim of study to produce high quality, nutritional value, sensory and rheological properties toast bread from doum fruit powder DFP and wheat flour WF. Four toast were prepared; by substituting wheat flour with 0, 10, 20 and 30% by doum fruit powder (DFP). The chemical, caloric value, physical and sensory properties of toast bread were studied. The results showed that addition of DFP to WF at different proportion due to an increase in water absorption (%), dough softening (B.U), dough development (min) and water holding capacity. Meanwhile, extensibility(mm) decreased in all doughs of DFP (10, 20 and 30%). Energy was decreased by addition of DFP at levels of 20 and 30% of DFP were (15 and 20 cm2), respectively. The results showed that increasing the levels of replacement increased ether extract, ash and crude fiber contents in prepared toast bread compared with control. Minerals of the prepared toast bread showed an increased in Ca, K, Mg and Fe while slightly decreased in P and Mn with increasing the proportions of replacement. The sensory evaluation results showed a significantly increase in the taste, odor, crumb grain and crumb texture by increasing the DFP substitution comparing with control. Meanwhile, crust color, appearance and overall acceptability decreased than control.
Multilingualism as Curriculum Policy in Cameroon Education System
Authors: Loveline Yaro 
Published: June 2020

The concern on the effective inclusion of indigenous languages in the school curriculum has been central to educational discussions among scholars and stakeholders. It is true that language as a medium of communication is very vital for sustainable growth in any society. However, the level of implementation of the policy of multilingualism in classrooms in Cameroon poses so many pedagogical challenges. While the Government is collaborating with private agencies such as PROPELCA(Cameroon National Language Association) in introducing the teaching of national languages in primary schools, and though the Government through the Ministry of Basic Education has also created an inspectorate in charge of the introduction of indigenous languages in Primary schools, there still exist some resistance from stakeholders to introduce the teaching of native languages in the curriculum of schools despite recommendations made in the 1995 education forum and the provision in article 4 section 5 of the 1998 Education Law. The study argues that, since the introduction of multilingualism as curriculum policy in Cameroon, its implementation is still at the pilot stage. Using the Historical analytic approach, data was collected from primary and secondary sources in establishing the level of use of the curriculum policy of multilingualism as a guide to teaching and learning in schools in Cameroon.
Using discounted cash flow heuristics to improve project net present valve
Authors: Pinder Jonathan P. , Marucheck Ann S. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractThe problem of scheduling resource‐constrained projects to maximize their Net Present Value (NPV) is studied in this paper. The performance of seventeen scheduling heuristics, ten of which are original to this work, is evaluated. Heuristic performance is rated separately on maximization of project NPV and minimization of project duration. Two of the new heuristics are significantly better than the standard heuristics at yielding higher project NPVs. These two heuristics also perform well at reducing project duration. Two heuristics, Minslack and Shortest Processing Time (SPT), that performed well in previous studies are shown to be poor performers at maximizing project NPV.
Female genital tuberculosis and infertility
Authors: Namavar Jahromi B , Parsanezhad M.E , Ghane‐Shirazi R 
Published: July 2002

AbstractObjectives: This study was performed to evaluate the rate of diagnosed female genital tuberculosis and its presentational symptoms and methods of diagnosis. Methods: A total of 3088 cases of tuberculosis (TB) who had been registered and treated in the Health Center of Fars Province from 1989 to 1999 were retrospectively studied. From this group, 46 women were diagnosed as having genital TB. The diagnosis in 41 cases was based on the standard pathological criteria of tissue specimens. The other five cases were excluded from this study due to the lack of classical diagnostic criteria. Statistical analysis was performed using the Z‐test. Results: The mean age of the patients at the time of diagnosis was 30.4 years. Seven patients presented with abdominal or pelvic pain (17.07%). In this group three cases underwent laparatomy due to abdominal mass and four patients for tubo‐ovarian abscess, which led to the diagnosis. Abnormal uterine bleeding was the cause of diagnostic dilatation and curettage in three other patients (7.31%). However, in 31 cases (75.6%) TB was diagnosed during studies performed to evaluate the cause of their infertility, and the most common diagnostic procedure was endometrial curettage (25 cases). Female genital TB accounted for 1.32% of all tuberculous patients in this study. Of these, 75.6% were infertile by definition (Z=12.13 P<0.0001). TB endometritis was detected in 72.03%, tubal involvement in 34.03%, ovarian TB in 12.9% and cervical TB in 2.4% of the patients. Conclusions: This study confirms the presence of a strong relationship between genital TB and infertility; therefore genital TB would be more frequently diagnosed if this possibility was considered in the evaluation of every infertile patient in areas where tuberculosis is endemic.
Gfap, S‐100 and vimentin proteins in rat after cerebral post‐ischemic reperfusion
Authors: Martinez G. , Carnazza M.L. , Giacomo C.Di , Sorrenti V. , Avitabile M. , Vanella A. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractIn the present study astrocytes reactivity during cerebral post‐ischemic reperfusion was evaluated immunocytochemically by using antibodies to vimentin, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and S‐100 protein. At the 7th day of post‐ischemic reperfusion few GFAP‐positive cells were observed in the hippocampus and cerebellum, the number of GFAP‐positive cells increased slightly after 20 days of reperfusion. This poor GFAP‐positivity may be due to the inhibition of GFAP polymerization by S‐100; in fact, S‐100 immuno‐reactivity was already evident from the 7th day. Vimentin immuno‐staining was evident both at the 7th and 20th day of reperfusion in microglial cells and in oligodendrocytes, suggesting that these cells are involved in the recovery of neurons following brain injury.
Co‐expression of nestin and vimentin intermediate filaments in invasive human astrocytoma cells
Authors: Rutka James T. , Ivanchuk Stacey , Mondal Soma , Taylor Michael , Sakai Keiichi , Dirks Peter , Jun Peter , Jung Shin , Becker Laurence E. , Ackerley Cameron 
Published: July 2002

AbstractIntermediate filaments (IFs) are highly diverse intracytoplasmic proteins within the cytoskeleton which exhibit cell type specificity of expression. A growing body of evidence suggests that IFs may be involved as collaborators in complex cellular processes controlling astrocytoma cell morphology, adhesion and proliferation. As the co‐expression of different IF subtypes has been linked to enhanced motility and invasion in a number of different cancer subtypes, we undertook the present study to examine the expression of vimentin and nestin in a panel of human astrocytoma cell lines whose tumorigenicity, invasiveness and cytoskeletal protein profiles are well known. Astrocytoma cells were examined for IF protein expression by immunofluorescence confocal and immunoelectron microscopy. The motility of all cell lines was determined by computerized time‐lapse videomicroscopy. Invasive potential of astrocytoma cells was determined using Matrigel as a barrier to astrocytoma cell invasion in vitro. Vimentin was expressed by all astrocytoma cell lines. On the other hand, nestin was variably expressed among the different cell lines. The most motile and invasive astrocytoma cell line in our study was antisense GFAP‐transfected U251 (asU251) astrocytoma cells which showed marked up‐regulation of nestin expression compared to the U251 parental cell line and controls. The U87 astrocytoma cell line also demonstrated high nestin expression levels and was associated with an increased basal motility rate and a high degree of invasiveness through Matrigel. U343 astrocytoma cells did not express nestin, but had high levels of GFAP. It had the lowest motility rate and invasiveness of all the astrocytoma cell lines examined. Taken together, these data suggest that for the astrocytoma cell lines examined in this study, nestin and vimentin co‐expression may serve as a marker for an astrocytoma cell type with enhanced motility and invasive potential. Further studies are required to determine the mechanism by which dual‐IF protein expression alters other cytoskeletal or cell surface receptor protein components important in the process of astrocytoma invasion.
The role of cardiovascular magnetic resonance in heart failure
Authors: Rajappan Kim , Bellenger Nicholas G. , Anderson Lisa , Pennell Dudley J. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractCardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR), is an accepted gold standard for non‐invasive, accurate, and reproducible assessment of cardiac mass and function. The interest in its use for viability, myocardial perfusion and coronary artery imaging is also widespread and growing rapidly as the hardware and expertise becomes available in more centres, and the scans themselves become more cost effective. In patients with heart failure, accurate and reproducible serial assessment of remodelling is of prognostic importance and the lack of exposure to ionizing radiation is helpful. The concept of an integrated approach to heart failure and its complications using CMR is fast becoming a reality, and this will be tested widely in the coming few years, with the new generation of dedicated CMR scanners.