bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expenses for producing the winter garlic planting material (allium sativum L.) in vitro
Authors: Azopkova M , Muravieva I , Polyakov A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article calculates the costs incurred at different stages of cultivation of winter garlic in an in vitro culture. It is shown that when using the developed technique (10,000 plants with a cost of 30.3 rubles per 1 plant), a regenerant can be obtained for 270 days of cultivation.
The effectiveness of using the growth regulators of a new generation in the production of garlic winter planting material
Authors: Polyakov A , Alekseeva T , Razin A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The use of quality planting material is an important factor for the production of agricultural products, because it allows to realize the biological potential of the cultivated plant to a greater extent, to obtain a high-quality crop. Garlic is an exclusively vegetatively propagated crop. Due to the low breeding rate, garlic is difficult to reproduce in a short time in volumes that would fully meet the demand for planting material. In this regard, a large number of imported, often poor-quality planting material of this culture comes to the domestic market. Therefore, the issue of providing a domestic manufacturer with a quality planting material is acute. We have established the effectiveness of contemporary growth regulators in the planting of garlic. The article discusses the issues of increasing the economic efficiency of the production of winter garlic planting material using the growth regulators of the last generation. The article shows the high efficiency of using the composition of silicon organic growth regulators, including Boratran, Krezacin, and Asyak, in a concentration of 0.015% in winter garlic plantings, which allows to increase the yield of bulbs by 2 t/ha. The economic efficiency of using the preplant treatment of clove and plants during the growing season with growth regulators allows to obtain additional profit, amounting to 178 thousand rubles per hectare.
Economic efficiency of obtaining carrot lines using classical and biotechnological methods
Authors: Vurtz T S , Domblides E A , Soldatenko A V 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Garden carrot is a traditional food in Russia. Based on the consumption rate of 10 kg per year per person, 1,469 thousand tons of carrots per year must be produced for the population of the Russian Federation. To meet the needs of the population in fresh and processed carrot products, the development of new highly productive and resistant varieties and hybrids is necessary. The traditional production of linear material and hybrids in the breeding of garden carrots is a laborious, lengthy process due to the 2-year cycle of plant development, self-incompatibility, and inbreeding depression. On average, 16-20 years can be spent on creating a hybrid of carrots with the successful course of the selection process. Using biotechnological methods, completely homozygous lines can be obtained in 1 year and a wide variety of starting material can be created for inclusion in the breeding process. The article presents an analysis of economic efficiency and a comparative assessment of the production of garden carrot lines using classical breeding and biotechnology methods. Calculations are based on the rates being used at the Federal Scientific Center for Vegetable Growing. It is shown that the economic costs of obtaining lines when using doubled haploid plants of the garden carrot are reduced in almost five times. To increase the efficiency of the breeding process, biotechnological methods need to be embedded in classical breeding schemes.
Economic and agri-environmental efficiency of applying fertilizers and growth regulators in broccoli cultivation
Authors: Borisov V A , Lysenko I A , Razin O A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The highest yield (18.6 t/ha) and the best economic effect (320 thousand rubles/ha) with good product quality was obtained on alluvial soils of the Moscow Region with the complex use of the Maraton F1, hybrid, mineral fertilizers N120P60K150 for broccoli in combination with top dressing humic fertilizer “gumistaf” (3 l/ha) and microfertilizer “tenso-cocktail” (0.5 kg/ha). The developed plant nutrition system provides an increase in the content of dry matter, sugars, and vitamins in products with a slight increase in nitrates.
The use of crisis management in ensuring sustainable food production by organizations of border areas
Authors: Gorbunov Yu , Gorbunova A , Solskaia I 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article substantiates the relevance of the practical application of the concept of sustainable development and production. The peculiarity of doing business in the border areas is considered in details. Factors affecting sustainable food production by organizations in border areas are also analyzed. The role of crisis management in ensuring sustainable production is reviewed.
Regional food security: a concept and an assessment
Authors: Semikolenova M , Rudakova T , Shavkunova N 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe article analyzes the approaches to the definition, criteria, and threshold values of regional food security. Based on the analysis of indicators of food security of the Altai region, the main directions of the regional food policy are justified. The research shows that regional food security determines the level of security and sustainability of both the region as a whole and individual households. The main criteria for assessing food security are food independence, physical and economic accessibility of food in the region.
Modeling regional economic growth with the formation of innovative ecosystems of technological entrepreneurship as a factor of sustainable development
Authors: Korchagina I , Korchagin R 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article analyzes the potential of growth theories in the context of determining sources for further development of the Russian regions, taking into account the “new normality” in the economy. As a result of a comparative analysis of endogenous and exogenous theories, their similarity has been proven. Modification of the Aguion-Howitt model for a region subjected to the development of an innovative technological entrepreneurship ecosystem has been developed. This model will allow to evaluate the impact of the innovation ecosystem as a factor of endogenous growth of the region.
Organizational and economic aspects of technical and technological modernization of the poultry farming
Authors: Barcho M Kh 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article deals with the problems of development of domestic poultry farming on the basis of technical and technological modernization. The dynamics of the number of new, modernized, and reconstructed poultry facilities was analyzed and the volume of increase in poultry production for slaughter at these enterprises was assessed. Factors constraining the development of modernization processes in the sub-industry are considered. Government support measures for the modernization of the industry have been proposed. According to the author, the implementation of these measures will contribute to the full provision of the domestic market for poultry products and the transformation of the poultry industry into a high-tech sub-industry competitive in the domestic and foreign markets.
Posterior Cortical Atrophy with Right Lower Egocentric Quadrantic Neglect and Lower Vertical Allocentric Neglect
Authors: Tariq Usama , Parker Alicia , Saadatpour Leila , Doty Leilani , Heilman Kenneth M 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackground/ObjectivesWhereas rare cases of hemispatial visual neglect have been reported in patients with a neurodegenerative disease, quadrantic visuospatial neglect has not been described. We report a patient with probable posterior cortical atrophy who demonstrated lower right-sided quadrantic visuospatial neglect, together with allocentric vertical neglect.Methods/ResultsA 68-year-old man initially noted deficits in reading and writing. Subsequently, he developed other cognitive deficits. On vertical line bisections, he deviated upward, and on horizontal line bisections, he deviated to the left. These deviations together suggest that this man’s neglect might be most severe in his right (head/body-centered) lower (below eye level) visual space. When attempting to perform vertical line bisections in all four egocentric quadrants, his upward deviations were largest in the right lower quadrant. On a cancelation test, he revealed bilateral lower (ventral) allocentric neglect but not egocentric neglect. This patient’s magnetic resonance imaging revealed cortical atrophy, most prominent in the left parietal lobe.DiscussionPrevious research in stroke patients has demonstrated that the parietal lobes are important in mediating attention to contralateral and inferior visual space. The presence of left parietal atrophy may have induced this right lower (ventral) egocentric inattention as well as bilateral ventral allocentric inattention. Although to our knowledge there have been no prior reports of a patient with right lower quadrantic and lower vertical allocentric visuospatial neglect, patients are rarely tested for these forms of neglect, and this patient illustrates the importance of evaluating patients for these and other forms of neglect.
Wicked Content
Authors: Jack Caroline 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPropaganda has recently re-emerged as a matter of concern—especially with regard to communication on social media platforms—yet the meaning of the term is often left unstated, or is, alternately, premised on traditions of thought about propaganda in communication and media studies. Such approaches leave to the periphery ambiguities and inadvertent forms of participation that characterize recent concerns about misinformation, disinformation, and manipulation. This article argues that content that has been labeled as “propaganda” or “fake news” can be seen as wicked content: content that, by its circulation, signals the presence of wicked problems. As an implication of wicked content, this article argues for a sensitizing conceptualization of the term “propaganda” as an index of whether an observer considers the power exerted through media over matters of public relevance to be legitimate.
B cell-derived anti-beta 2 glycoprotein I antibody contributes to hyperhomocysteinaemia-aggravated abdominal aortic aneurysm
Authors: Shao Fangyu , Miao Yutong , Zhang Yan , Han Lulu , Ma Xiaolong , Deng Jiacheng , Jiang Changtao , Kong Wei , Xu Qingbo , Feng Juan , Wang Xian 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Aims
Overactivated B cells secrete pathological antibodies, which in turn accelerate the formation of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs). Hyperhomocysteinaemia (HHcy) aggravates AAA in mice; however, the underlying mechanisms remain largely elusive. In this study, we further investigated whether homocysteine (Hcy)-activated B cells produce antigen-specific antibodies that ultimately contribute to AAA formation.

Methods and results
ELISA assays showed that HHcy induced the secretion of anti-beta 2 glycoprotein I (anti-β2GPI) antibody from B cells both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, Hcy increased the accumulation of various lipid metabolites in B cells tested by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, which contributed to elevated anti-β2GPI IgG secretion. By using the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-specific inhibitor TAK-242 or TLR4-deficient macrophages, we found that culture supernatants from Hcy-activated B cells and HHcy plasma IgG polarized inflammatory macrophages in a TLR4-dependent manner. In addition, HHcy markedly increased the incidence of elastase- and CaPO4-induced AAA in male BALB/c mice, which was prevented in μMT mice. To further determine the importance of IgG in HHcy-aggravated AAA formation, we purified plasma IgG from HHcy or control mice and then transferred the IgG into μMT mice, which were subsequently subjected to elastase- or CaPO4-induced AAA. Compared with μMT mice that received plasma IgG from control mice, μMT mice that received HHcy plasma IgG developed significantly exacerbated elastase- or CaPO4-induced AAA accompanied by increased elastin degradation, MMP2/9 expression, and anti-β2GPI IgG deposition in vascular lesions, as shown by immunofluorescence histochemical staining.

Conclusion
Our findings reveal a novel mechanism by which Hcy-induced B cell-derived pathogenic anti-β2GPI IgG might, at least in part, contribute to HHcy-aggravated chronic vascular inflammation and AAA formation.
Systematic review of microRNA biomarkers in acute coronary syndrome and stable coronary artery disease
Authors: Kaur Amanpreet , Mackin Sharon T , Schlosser Kenny , Wong Fui Lin , Elharram Malik , Delles Christian , Stewart Duncan J , Dayan Natalie , Landry Tara , Pilote Louise 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe aim of this systematic review was to assess dysregulated miRNA biomarkers in coronary artery disease (CAD). Dysregulated microRNA (miRNAs) have been shown to be linked to cardiovascular pathologies including CAD and may have utility as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. We compared miRNAs identified in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) compared with stable CAD and control populations. We conducted a systematic search of controlled vocabulary and free text terms related to ACS, stable CAD and miRNA in Biosis Previews (OvidSP), The Cochrane Library (Wiley), Embase (OvidSP), Global Health (OvidSP), Medline (PubMed and OvidSP), Web of Science (Clarivate Analytics), and ClinicalTrials.gov which yielded 7370 articles. Of these, 140 original articles were appropriate for data extraction. The most frequently reported miRNAs in any CAD (miR-1, miR-133a, miR-208a/b, and miR-499) are expressed abundantly in the heart and play crucial roles in cardiac physiology. In studies comparing ACS cases with stable CAD patients, miR-21, miR-208a/b, miR-133a/b, miR-30 family, miR-19, and miR-20 were most frequently reported to be dysregulated in ACS. While a number of miRNAs feature consistently across studies in their expression in both ACS and stable CAD, when compared with controls, certain miRNAs were reported as biomarkers specifically in ACS (miR-499, miR-1, miR-133a/b, and miR-208a/b) and stable CAD (miR-215, miR-487a, and miR-502). Thus, miR-21, miR-133, and miR-499 appear to have the most potential as biomarkers to differentiate the diagnosis of ACS from stable CAD, especially miR-499 which showed a correlation between the level of their concentration gradient and myocardial damage. Although these miRNAs are potential diagnostic biomarkers, these findings should be interpreted with caution as the majority of studies conducted predefined candidate-driven assessments of a limited number of miRNAs (PROSPERO registration: CRD42017079744).
Ethnic enclaves and immigrant outcomes: Norwegian immigrants during the Age of Mass Migration
Authors: Eriksson Katherine 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis paper examines the effect of ethnic enclaves on economic outcomes of Norwegian immigrants in 1910 and 1920, the later part of the Age of Mass Migration. Using various identification strategies, including county fixed effects and an instrumental variables strategy based on chain migration, I consistently find that Norwegians living in larger enclaves in the United States had lower occupational earnings, were more likely to be in farming occupations, and were less likely to be in white-collar occupations. Results are robust to matching method and choice of occupational score. This earnings disadvantage is partly passed on to the second generation.
Preclinical Model of Perianal Fistulizing Crohn’s Disease
Authors: Flacs Meredith , Collard Maxime , Doblas Sabrina , Zappa Magaly , Cazals-Hatem Dominique , Maggiori Léon , Panis Yves , Treton Xavier , Ogier-Denis Eric 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Fistulizing anoperineal lesions (FAPLs) are common and severe complications of Crohn’s disease (CD), exposing patients to the risk of anal sphincter alteration and permanent stoma. Due to the limited efficacy of current treatments, identifying new local therapies is mandatory. However, testing new treatments is currently limited because no relevant preclinical model of Crohn’s-like FAPL is available. Thus, a reliable and reproducible experimental model of FAPLs is needed to assess new therapeutic strategies.

Methods
Twenty-one rats received a rectal enema of 2,4,6-trinitrobenzensulfonic acid (TNBS) to induce proctitis. Seven days later, a transsphincteric fistula tract was created with a surgical thread, instilled with TNBS twice a week until its removal at day 7 (group 1), day 14 (group 2), or day 28 (group 3). In each rat, pelvic MRI was performed just before and 7 days after thread removal. Rats were sacrificed 7 days after thread removal for pathological assessment of the fistula tract.

Results
The optimal preclinical model was obtained in group 3. In this group, 7 days after thread removal, all animals (9 of 9) had a persistent fistula tract visible on MRI with T2-hypersignal (normalized T2 signal intensity: 2.36 ± 0.39 arbitrary units [a.u.] [2.08–2.81]) and elevation of the apparent diffusion coefficient (1.33 ± 0.16 10-3 millimeter squared per seconds [1.18–1.49]). The pathological examination of the fistula tract revealed acute and chronic inflammation, granulations, fibrosis, epithelialization, and proctitis in the adjacent rectum.

Conclusions
This reproducible preclinical model could be used to assess the effectiveness of innovative treatments in perianal fistulizing CD.
Minimal Newton Strata in Iwahori Double Cosets
Authors: Viehmann Eva 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe set of Newton strata in a given Iwahori double coset in the loop group of a reductive group $G$ is indexed by a finite subset of the set $B(G)$ of Frobenius-conjugacy classes. For unramified $G$, we show that it has a unique minimal element and determine this element. Under a regularity assumption, we also compute the dimension of the corresponding Newton stratum. We derive corresponding results for affine Deligne–Lusztig varieties.
Role of the Gonococcal Neisserial Heparin Binding Antigen in Microcolony Formation, and Serum Resistance and Adherence to Epithelial Cells
Authors: Semchenko Evgeny A , Mubaiwa Tsitsi D , Day Christopher J , Seib Kate L 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The sexually transmitted infection gonorrhoea is on the rise worldwide and an increased understanding of the mechanisms of colonization and pathogenesis of Neisseria gonorrhoeae is required to aid development of new treatment and prevention strategies. In the current study, we investigate the neisserial heparin-binding antigen (NHBA) of N. gonorrhoeae and confirm its role in binding to several glycans, including heparin, and identify interactions of NHBA with both gonococcal and host cells. Furthermore, we report that a gonococcal nhba mutant displays decreased cell aggregation and microcolony formation, as well as reduced survival in human serum and reduced adherence to human cervical and urethral epithelial cells, relative to the wild-type strain. These data indicate that the gonococcal NHBA contributes to several aspects of the colonization and survival of N. gonorrhoeae and may be a target for new antimicrobial or vaccines.
Substrate-Borne Vibrational Communication in the Vector of Apple Proliferation Disease Cacopsylla picta (Hemiptera: Psyllidae)
Authors: Oppedisano Tiziana , Polajnar Jernej , Kostanjšek Rok , De Cristofaro Antonio , Ioriatti Claudio , Virant-Doberlet Meta , Mazzoni Valerio 
Published: November 2019

AbstractCacopsylla picta (Förster, 1848) (Hemiptera: Pysllidae) is the main vector of apple proliferation, a phytoplasma-caused disease. It represents one of the most severe problems in apple orchards, and therefore, there is a mandatory requirement to chemically treat against this pest in the European Union. Sexual communication using substrate-borne vibrations was demonstrated in several psyllid species. Here, we report the characteristics of the vibrational signals emitted by C. picta during courtship behavior. The pair formation process can be divided into two main phases: identification and courtship. Females initiate the communication on the host plant by emitting trains of vibrational pulses and, during courtship, if males reply, by emitting a signal consisting of a series of pre-pulses and a ‘buzz’, a duet is established. Moreover, a scanning electron microscopy investigation showed the presence of a stridulatory structure on the thorax and wings of both sexes, whereas the video recordings elucidated associated wing movement. The results provide new information about the biology of this phytoplasma vector and could form a basis of an environmentally friendly pest management strategy.
Volatility Prediction Using a Realized-Measure-Based Component Model
Authors: Noureldin Diaa 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis article introduces a volatility model with a component structure allowing for a realized measure based on high-frequency data (e.g., realized variance) to drive the short-run volatility dynamics. In a joint model of the daily return and the realized measure, the conditional variance of the daily return has a multiplicative component structure: the first component traces long-run (secular) volatility trends, while the second component captures short-run (transitory) movements in volatility. Despite being a fixed-parameter model, its component structure implies time-varying parameters, which are “data-driven” to capture changing volatility regimes. We discuss the model dynamics and estimation by maximum likelihood. The empirical analysis reveals statistically significant out-of-sample gains compared to benchmark models, particularly for short forecast horizons and during the financial crisis.
Fasciculation and Elongation Protein Zeta-1 Expression in Reactive Astrocytes in a Rat Model of Frontal Lobe Injury
Authors: Zhang Ye , Shi Qing , Li Xiwen , Xia Chunlin 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
There are reports that depression induced by frontal lobe injury (FLI) has a devastating effect on human mental health. We previously reported that fasciculation and elongation protein zeta-1 (FEZ1) was essential for astrocytic protection of dopamine neurons. Studies of glutamate-glutamine cycle in mental illness have been reported, whereas not from the perspective of astrocytes. This study was designed to investigate the roles of astrocytic FEZ1 and glutamate-glutamine cycle after FLI. A model of FLI was established by inserting a blade into the right frontal lobe of rats. Behavioral tests were used to observe the behavioral changes of FLI rats. Neuropathologic examinations, including immunohistochemistry, were conducted. Behavioral tests showed that FLI decreased exploratory activity. Western blot analysis revealed that the expression of astroglial proteins overall decreased in the initial injury stage, as well as FEZ1. Immunohistochemistry showed a shift of FEZ1 localization from neurons in sham-lesioned rats to astrocytes in FLI rats, and showed the expression profile of glutamate transporter 1 and glutamine synthetase (GS) was consistent with Western blot observation. Our results indicate that astrocytic FEZ1 and glutamate-glutamine cycle dysfunction may be involved in the pathogenesis of depression after FLI.