bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Orthotopic Liver Transplantation for Primary Intrahepatic Adenosquamous Carcinoma Using A Marginal Graft: the First Case rRport
Authors: Chen Peng , Ma Di , Li Ruokun , Yang Xiaoqun , Tong Hui , Qi Debin , Li Tao 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background.Primary intrahepatic adenosquamous carcinoma (iASC) is a very rare subtype of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), with a worse prognosis than adenocarcinoma. Hepatectomy is still the first choice for iASC, and liver transplantation (LT) for iASC has not been previously reported.Case presentationThe young male patient with an unresectable primary iASC underwent a LT using a marginal fatty liver graft. The overall survival of this patient was 16 months, with a recurrence-free survival of 8 months. The patient had a good quality of life with normal liver function until 3 months before death.Conclusions.This is the first case report of LT as treatment of unresectable iASC using a marginal graft. Although the recipient may benefit from LT, LT for iASC should proceed with caution owing to its more aggressive features.
A Qualitative Study to Explore Dietary Knowledge, Beliefs and Practices Among Pregnant Women in a Rural Health Zone in Democratic Republic of Congo.
Authors: Kazenza Benito Maykondo , Horwood Christiane , Haskins Lyn , Mapumulo Sphindile , Mapatano Mala Ali Mala , Mbunga Branly Kilola , Bosonkie Marc Mokanisa , Hatloy Anne , John Vaughn M. , Mutombo Paulin Beya Wa Bitadi 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUNDA nutritious and healthy diet during pregnancy is essential for the health of both mother and baby. Inadequate dietary intake during pregnancy contributes to maternal malnutrition and can have lifelong effects on the health of the child. Maternal malnutrition is common in many low-income countries, including the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). Kwango province, DRC, has a high prevalence of malnutrition among all population groups, including macro and micronutrient deficiencies among pregnant women. The study aimed to explore the dietary knowledge and practices of pregnant woman in this areaMETHODSThis study adopted a qualitative approach using in-depth interviews (IDIs) with pregnant women and key informants, and focus group discussions (FGDs) with fathers and grandmothers in the community, to explore women’s knowledge and practice about diet during pregnancy. Data was collected between January and April 2018. IDIs were conducted with pregnant women who were recruited at antenatal clinics during their second and third trimester. IDIs were undertaken with selected key informants, who were health workers providing care to pregnant women, and included doctors, nurses, nutritionist and community health workers. All IDIs and FGDs were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and translated to English. Triangulation method and thematic analyses were used.RESULTSOverall, women showed good general knowledge about nutrition and the need for increased and varied foods during pregnancy, but little technical knowledge about nutrients and sources of nutrition. Healthcare facilities, media, NGOs and family members were the main sources of nutritional information. However, women were unable to put this knowledge into practice, primarily due to poverty and poor access to a variety of foods. The Popokabaka community accessed food from farming, fishing and from the market, although purchasing food was frequently unaffordable. Cassava flour was the most common daily food. Food taboos, traditional practices, and late ANC attendance were identified as factors that influenced dietary practices.CONCLUSIONSVarious social, economic and environmental factors within the local community influenced dietary practices among pregnant women in rural DRC. A comprehensive approach is required to improve nutrition, and address food insecurity, cultural practices and improve health outcomes of both mother and child.
Undernutrition and Associated Factors Among School Adolescents in Wonago District Gedeo Zone South Ethiopia
Authors: Shaka Mohammed Feyisso , Kabthymer Robel Hussen , Mohammed Abbas Ahmed 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundAdolescence is a life spanning the age range of 10-19 years characterized by remarkable physical and psychological growth and development. One-third of adult weight and more than one-fifth of adult height is gained during this period of life. This make adolescents the key population group highly vulnerable to malnutrition. This study was aimed to assess the level of undernutrition among school adolescents in Wonago district, Gedeo Zone, South Ethiopia.MethodsA school based cross sectional study was conducted among 443 randomly selected school adolescents of Wonago district. Nutritional status of adolescents was assessed using body mass index for age z-score (BAZ) and height for age z-score. Descriptively, prevalence of thinness and other anthropometric measurements, socio-economic and socio-demographic variables were described. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to assess the factors associated with adolescents’ undernutrition (thinness).ResultsThe finding revealed that, 11.6% of the adolescents were undernourished (thin). The likelihood of being undernourished was decreased by 70% for female adolescents, and adolescents whom the source of drinking water was spring were four times at higher risk of malnutrition. The likelihood of being undernourished was decreased by about 85% for adolescents from households with medium wealth status. Adolescents from families achieving food needed for daily consumption through purchasing and adolescents whose the occupation of their father was merchant were also found to have a higher risk of being undernourished. For adolescents whose the occupation of their mother was farmer, the probability of being undernourished was decreased by about 85%.ConclusionsSignificant number of adolescents in this study were found to be malnourished. Sex of the adolescents, parent occupation, household wealth, source of drinking water and source of family food need were significantly associated with the adolescents’ nutritional status.
The Relationship Between Modified Nordic Diet and Resting Metabolic Rate Among Overweight and Obese Participants: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Khalili Ghazaleh , Mirzababaei Atieh , Shiraseb Farideh , Mirzaei Khadijeh 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Objective: Obesity as a worldwide phenomenon is a multifactorial condition. Healthy diets have effect on obesity related factors like resting metabolic rate (RMR). In present study, we investigate association between adherence to modified Nordic diet and RMR among overweight and obese participants.Methods: We enrolled 404 overweight and obese (BMI ≥25 kg/m2) women aged 18-48 years in this cross-sectional study. For each participant anthropometrics measurements, biochemical tests and blood pressure were evaluated. RMR was measured by indirect calorimetry. RMR/kg was also measured. Modified Nordic diet score was measured using a validated 147-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ).Results: Among all participants, the mean and standard deviation (SD) for age and body mass index (BMI) were 36.67 years (SD=9.10) and 31.26 kg/m2 (SD=4.29). There was a significant association between RMR/kg status and age, body mass index (BMI), RMR (P<0.001), respiratory quotient (RQ), fat percentage (P= 0.01), systolic blood pressure (SBP) (P= 0.03), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (P= 0.04), after adjustment for age, BMI, energy intake and physical activity. Participants with the highest adherence to modified Nordic diet had lower odds of hypometabolic status after adjusting for confounders and it was significant (odds ratio (OR) = 3.15, 95% CI= 0.97-10.15, P=0.05).Conclusions: The present results indicate that adherence to modified Nordic diet is associated with lower odds of hypometabolic status in overweight and obese women. However more studies are needed to confirm our findings.
Impact of Minimally Invasive Restorative Techniques on Pregnant Women Oral Health Related Quality of Life: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Adham May M. , Kashlan Mona K. El , Abdelaziz Wafaa E. , Rashad Ahmed S. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Women tend to delay dental treatment due to the misconception about the safety of dental procedures during pregnancy which can negatively affect their quality of life. Minimally invasive restorative techniques offer alternatives for caries treatment and can help improve their oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL) during this stage.Aim of the study was to compare the effect of chemo-mechanical caries removal method using Papacarie-Duo and Atraumatic Restorative Treatment (ART) on the OHRQoL of pregnant women.Methods: A randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted in 2019 and included 162 pregnant women visiting public family health centers in Alexandria, Egypt, with mild to moderate dental pain due to caries. Participants were randomly assigned into Papacarie-Duo group(n=82) and ART group (n=80). The outcome variable was percent change in OHRQoL measured by oral health impact profile (OHIP-14). T test/ Mann Whitney U test were used to compare groups and a multivariable linear regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the factors affecting percent change in OHIP-14 scores after 6 months.Results: A significant reduction (P< 0.002) was noted in OHIP-14 between baseline and 6 months indicating improvement in OHRQoL of pregnant women in Papacarie-Duo and ART groups (16.26% and 18.91% respectively) with no significant difference between groups in bivariate analysis (P=0.120). The multiple linear regression model revealed significantly greater reduction in OHIP-14 scores in the Papacarie-Duo than the ART group (regression coefficient= 4.03, 95% confidence interval: 0.652,7.409, P= 0.020).Conclusion: Minimally invasive restorative techniques, such as ART and chemo-mechanical caries removal using Papacarie- Duo can improve the OHRQoL of pregnant women suffering from mild to moderate dental caries.Trial registration: ID NCT04619264 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/); November 6 2020, retrospective registration. (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04619264?term=NCT04619264&draw=2&rank=1)
Lactate dehydrogenase level&nbsp;as an early predictor of&nbsp;transient tachypnea of the&nbsp;newborn duration and complications
Authors: Osefori Mada , Doya Leen Jamel , Nezha Bana , Dayoub Adnan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Transient tachypnea of the newborn(TTNB) is a common cause of respiratory distress in the postnatal period. It is rarely associated with serious complications that need intensive care. Prediction of the complications during the first hours of hospitalization is very difficult, so the purpose of the current study is to investigate the relationship between lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level in blood and the course of Transient tachypnea of the newborn (the duration of hospitalization, and the incidence of complications).Material and methods: In a cross-sectional study design included 120 neonates with Transient tachypnea of the newborn who had referred to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) at Tishreen University Hospital over 1 year period from January 2018 to January 2019. The neonates were classified according to Lactate dehydrogenase measurement as normal or high lactate dehydrogenase level in blood.Results: The results showed that there was a significant relationship between the level of lactate dehydrogenase and the duration of hospitalization, the incidence of complications, and the frequency of complications.Conclusions: lactate dehydrogenase might be useful for clinicians to predict the duration of hospitalization and the incidence of complications in neonates with TTNB.
Classification of SSVEP-based BCIs using Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Soltani Hamideh , Einalou Zahra , Maghooli Keivan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In recent years, brain-computer communication systems have been regarded as a new way of communication for humans. One of the applications of brain-computer communication is the development of systems which facilitates communication. To this end, it is necessary to extract the visually evoked signals from the EEG signal and classify it. In this research, common methods such as wavelet transform are applied in order to extract features. However, genetic algorithm, as an evolutionary method, is used to select features. Finally, after selecting features, the classification was done using the two approaches support vector machine and Bayesian method. Five features were selected and the accuracy of Bayesian classification was measured to be 80% with dimension reduction, and 78% without dimension reduction. Ultimately, the classification accuracy reached 90.4% using SVM classifier. The results of the study indicate a better feature selection and the effective dimension reduction of these features, as well as a higher percentage of classification accuracy in comparison with other studies.
Single-Shot Lightweight Model For The Detection of Lesions And The Prediction of COVID-19 From Chest CT Scans&nbsp;
Authors: Ter-Sarkisov Aram 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We introduce a lightweight model based on Mask R-CNN with ResNet18 and ResNet34 backbone models that segments lesions and predicts COVID-19 from chest CT scans in a single shot. The model requires a small dataset to train: 650 images for the segmentation branch and 3000 for the classification branch, and it is evaluated on 21292 images to achieve a 42.45% average precision (main MS COCO criterion) on the segmentation test split (100 images), 93.00% COVID-19 sensitivity and F1-score of 96.76% on the classification test split (21192 images) across 3 classes: COVID-19, Common Pneumonia and Control/Negative. The full source code, models and pretrained weights are available on https://github.com/AlexTS1980/COVID-Single-Shot-Model.
Caveolin-1 Genetic Polymorphisms Interact with Fatty Acid Types to Modulate Metabolic Syndrome Risk
Authors: Abaj Faezeh , Mirzaei Khadijeh 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is related with all-cause mortality. Caveolin-1 (Cav-1) has been widely studied in dyslipidemia, and several studies have indicated that Cav-1 genetic variations may correlate with dietary intake of fatty acids. The aim of the current study was therefore to evaluate the interaction of Cav-1 rs3807992 with types of dietary fatty acid in MetS risk factor status Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 404 overweight and obese females. Dietary intake was obtained from a 147-item FFQ. The CAV-1 genotype was measured using the PCR-RFLP method. Anthropometric values and serum levels (TC, LDL, HDL, TG, FBS) were measured by standard methods. Results: It was observed that the (AA+AG) group had significantly higher BMI, WC and DBP (P=0.02, P=0.02 and P=0.01, respectively) and lower serum LDL, HDL and TC (P < 0.05) than the GG group. It was found that A allele carriers were at higher odds of MetS (P= 0.01), abdominal obesity (P=0.06), increased TG concentration (P=0.01), elevated blood pressure (BP) (P=0.01), increased glucose concentration (P=0.45), and decreased HDL-cholesterol concentration (P=0.03). Moreover, the interaction of Cav-1 and SFA intake was significant in terms of MetS (P=0.01), LDL (P=0.03), DBP (P=0.01) and LDL/HDL (P=0.05). Additionally, the (AA+AG) group was significantly related to PUFA intake in terms of MetS (P=0.04), TG (P=0.02), glucose (P=0.02) and HOMA-IR (P= 0.01). Conclusions: Higher PUFA consumption might attenuate the Cav-1 rs3807992 associations with MetS, and individuals with greater genetic predisposition appeared to have a higher risk of MetS, associated with higher SFA consumption To date, studies on this polymorphism have been animal studies and have not been performed on healthy and obese human society For the first time , this study provides information on the interaction of different fatty acids with the Caveolin gene, which is functionally effective in lipid metabolism
The role of perforating artery pedicled neurotrophic flap in the treatment of compound tissue defect of tibia with Ilizarov technique
Authors: Zhang Yu-bo , Wu Yuan-jian , Zhang Wen-jun , Zhang Tao , Lou Tengfei , Han Pei 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background The aim of this research is to present our experience with the combined use of pedicled neurotrophic flap and distraction osteogenesis in management of complex lower extremity injuries with composite bone and soft tissue defects and assess the functional and cosmetic results of this method.Methods Between 2008 and 2016, soft tissue coverage with pedicled neurotrophic flap followed by distraction osteogenesis using Ilizarov external fixator was performed in 25 patients for reconstruction of segmental bone defects of lower extremity complicated by massive loss of soft tissue. There were 16 men and 9 women: their mean age was 39 years (23 to 57) at the time of surgery. The soft tissue defect after radical debridement ranged from 5 × 9 cm2 to 11 × 14 cm2, and the average size of segmental defect was 5.02 (2.5 to 7.5) cm.Results The distally based sural neurovascular flap was performed in 13 patients, and the greater saphenous neurocutaneous perforator flap in 12 patients. All flaps survived completely without complications. The bone defects were corrected by a mean lengthening of 6.74 (4.5 to 9.5) cm. The function was judged to be excellent in 12 patients and good in 13 patients. Bone results were graded as excellent in 18 patients and good in 7 patients. Complications observed in the process of the treatment included pain, pin tract infections (PTI), ankle midfoot joints stiffness, and nonunion of docking sites. All the cases achieved successful limb salvage and satisfactory function recovery without recurrence of infection.Conclusions The combined technique of a perforator artery pedicled neurotrophic flap and distraction osteogenesis should be considered to be an effective alternative approach in the salvage treatment of the massively traumatized and chronically infected lower extremity.
Dissolution-reprecipitation vs. solid-state diffusion in electrum: Examples from metamorphosed Au-bearing, volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) deposits
Authors: Liu Haiming , Beaudoin Georges 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Native Au-Ag alloys (electrum) are the predominant precious metal host in Au-bearing volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) deposits. The chemical composition and distribution of electrum records crystal growth and post-crystallization processes. In this study, we present detailed textural and compositional data of electrum from the Ming (Canada) and Boliden (Sweden) Au-bearing VMS deposits.
Electron probe micro-analyzer (EPMA) and laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) analyses of electrum enable characterization of chemical zoning in heterogeneous electrum grains. Electrum from Ming exhibits Ag-rich cores, in gradational contact with an outer Au-rich transition zone also enriched in S, Fe, Cu, Zn, and Pb, which is in sharp contact with Ag-rich rims. The textural observations, coupled with in situ LA-ICP-MS data, highlight that the electrum zoning arises from a complex interaction between fluid facilitated solid-state diffusion (SSD) within the grain and coupled dissolution and reprecipitation (CDR) reactions at the grain interface, in response to changing fluid composition and extrinsic parameters, such as temperature, pH, and redox state at Ming. Electrum from Boliden, in contrast, shows an Au-rich core in contact with a gradually increasing Ag-rich rim enriched in Se, Bi, Sb, Te, Sn, S, and Zn, which indicates the formation by fluid facilitated SSD reactions. The different local re-equilibrium caused by SSD from two deposits are attributed to different transport ligands and effects of physicochemical parameters of fluids (e.g., pH and fO2), resulting in different compositional zoning patterns within the electrum. The long-lived metamorphic events that affected the occurrence and compositions of electrum at both VMS deposits, probably provided the elevated temperature and deformation to allow pervasive fluids to remobilize trace metals in electrum, which resulted in the complex chemical zoning in electrum. This study provides insights from in situ, textural and chemical analyses to understand the formation of complex chemical zoning in electrum in metamorphosed VMS deposits.
Nitrate and biochemical oxygen demand change in a typical Midwest stream in the past two decades
Authors: Alam Md Shahin , Han Bangshuai , Gregg Amy , Pichtel John 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Nitrate and organic contamination from Midwest rivers, including the White River at Muncie, IN, has been an on-going concern and contributes to the hypoxic zone in the Gulf. Despite rich data, recent water quality changes have rarely been investigated. This study employed 16 years of continuous monitoring data, including biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), dissolved oxygen (DO), and nitrate–nitrite as nitrogen (NN) from five sites near Muncie, and analyzed the water quality trend and pollution sources. A novel approach, Weighted Regression on Time, Discharge and Seasons (WRTDS) that allows for the representation of long-term water quality patterns by considering seasonal variance and discharge-related effects over time, is adopted. Flow-normalized BOD and NN concentration and flux both increased, and DO concentration and flux decreased. However, the changes vary among sites. Muncie wastewater treatment plant and combined sewage outflows (CSOs) contribute remarkably to NN pollution during low-flow seasons. Urban and agricultural runoff, and CSOs impact BOD levels. Agricultural runoff contribution to BOD is increasing in recent years. Seasonal patterns of nitrate and BOD in the river are also analyzed. The results are helpful for watershed managers to re-think conservation practices and have indications to water quality management beyond the study area.
Monthly extreme rainfall risk envelope graph method development and application in Algeria
Authors: Zeroual Sara , Şen Zekâi , Boutaghane Hamouda , Hasbaia Mahmoud 
Published: December 2020

AbstractRainfall patterns are bound to change as a result of global warming and climate change impacts. Rainfall events are dependent on geographic location, geomorphology, coastal area closeness and general circulation air movements. Accordingly, there are increases and decreases at different meteorology station time-series records leading to extreme events such as droughts and floods. This paper suggests a methodology in terms of envelope curves for monthly extreme rainfall event occurrences at a set of risk levels or return periods that may trigger the extreme occurrences at meteorology station catchments. Generally, in many regions, individual storm rainfall records are not available for intensity–duration–frequency (IDF) curve construction. The main purpose of this paper is, in the absence of individual storm rainfall records, to suggest monthly envelope curves, which provide a relationship between return period and monthly extreme rainfall values. The first step is to identify each monthly extreme rainfall records probability distribution function (PDF) for risk level and return period calculations. Subsequently, the return period rainfall amount relationships are presented on double-logarithmic graphs with the best power model as a set of envelope curves. The applications of these methodologies are implemented for three Hodna drainage basin meteorology station rainfall records in northern Algeria. It is concluded that the most extreme rainfall risk months are June, August and September, which may lead to floods or flash floods in the study area. A new concept is presented for the possible extreme value triggering months through the envelope curves as ‘low’, ‘medium’ and ‘high’ class potentials.