bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
2‐(Dimethylamino)phosphinine: A Phosphorus‐Containing Aniline Derivative
Authors: Giese Steven , Klimov Katrin , Mikeházi Antal , Kelemen Zsolt , Frost Daniel S. , Steinhauer Simon , Müller Peter , Nyulászi László , Müller Christian 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe yet unknown 2‐amino‐substituted λ3,σ2‐phosphinines are phosphorus‐containing aniline derivatives. Calculations show that the strong interaction of the π‐donating NR2 group with the aromatic system results in a high π‐density at the phosphorus atom. We could now synthesize 2‐N(CH3)2‐functionalized phosphinines, starting from a 3‐N(CH3)2‐substituted 2‐pyrone and (CH3)3Si‐C≡P. Their reaction with CuBr⋅S(CH3)2 affords CuI complexes with the first example of a neutral phosphinine acting as a rare bridging μ2‐P‐4e donor‐ligand between two CuI centers. Our experimental and theoretical investigations show that 2‐aminophosphinines are missing links in the series of known 2‐donor‐functionalized phosphinines.
Facile preparation of homogenous waterborne poly(urethane/acrylate) composites and the correlation between microstructure and improved properties
Authors: Zhang Yan , Zhou Xing 
Published: November 2020

AbstractHomogenous waterborne polyurethane/polyacrylate emulsions were synthesized based on the prepared polyurethane and polyacrylate through a facile process. The attention was attracted to the miscibility and performance of waterborne polyurethane and polyacrylate. The structures and properties of waterborne polyurethane and waterborne polyurethane/polyacrylate samples were characterized by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscope, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X‐ray diffractometer, thermogravimetric, and so forth, as well as solid content and tensile testing. The results showed that the micro morphology of waterborne polyurethane/polyacrylate emulsion presented single‐phase structure with the stoichiometric polyacrylate content increasing from 33% to 80% to waterborne polyurethane. The waterborne polyurethane/polyacrylate films surface is rich in polyacrylate phase. Meanwhile, waterborne polyurethane/polyacrylate composites showed significant improvement in thermal stability and elongation at break, smaller particle size and narrower particle size distribution comparing with waterborne polyurethane.
Mechanochemically synthesized ZIF‐8 nanoparticles blended into 6FDA‐TrMPD membranes for C3H6/C3H8 separation
Authors: Liu Yongsheng , Kita Hidetoshi , Tanaka Kazuhiro , Imawaka Kota , Tanaka Shunsuke , Takewaki Takahiko 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) consisting zeolitic‐imidazolate framework‐8 (ZIF‐8) nanoparticles in a polymer have been of considerable interest in separation applications. The fillers used are mostly synthesized using the solvothermal method. In this study, the ZIF‐8 nanoparticles were synthesized using a solvent‐less and salt‐free mechanochemical method and were added to 6FDA‐TrMPD polyimide to prepare MMMs. The single gas permeation of C3H6 and C3H8 through the MMMs was investigated. The C3H6 permeability and C3H6/C3H8 ideal selectivity of a 20 wt% mechano‐synthesized ZIF‐8/6FDA‐TrMPD MMM were 70% and 32% higher than those of the neat polymer membrane at 0.1 MPa and 308 K, respectively. The C3H6/C3H8 separation performance of the mechano‐synthesized ZIF‐8 MMM was similar to that of the conventional solvothermal‐synthesized ZIF‐8 MMM. This separation performance was in good agreement with the Maxwell model. Temperature and pressure dependence analyses confirmed that the mechano‐synthesized ZIF‐8 nanoparticles acted as molecular sieves in the MMMs for the C3H6 and C3H8 permeation.
Zeta Potential: Helping Operators Take Charge
Authors: Hart Vincent 
Published: November 2020

Key TakeawaysJar testing, commonly used to calculate the amount of coagulant needed for suspended particles to settle in water, has its drawbacks. Incorporating zeta potential provides numerous advantages.There are two bench‐test methods that use zeta potential measurements; different situations determine the suitability of each method.Measuring zeta potential has advanced as an effective testing method with expanded applications.
Digitizing a Statewide Map of Community Water System Service Areas
Authors: Gonsenhauser Rachel , Hansen Katy , Grimshaw Walker , Morris Jannette , Albertin Klaus , Mullin Megan 
Published: November 2020

Key TakeawaysA digital map of all North Carolina water system service‐area boundaries allows for improved planning at all levels of government.The process for digitizing maps is time‐consuming and requires nuance, especially because the input from different systems varies.Creating an individual map of their service area can be challenging for low‐capacity systems; for this reason, providing assistance to these systems is essential.Acquiring individual maps from system managers and maintaining the data over time require close partnerships.
Konzept zur BIM‐basierten Instandhaltung von Ingenieurbauwerken mit Monitoringsystemen
Authors: Hartung Robert , Naraniecki Hubert , Klemt‐Albert Katharina , Marx Steffen 
Published: November 2020

AbstractDie Digitalisierung zählt zu den wichtigsten Veränderungsprozessen in diesem Jahrhundert und betrifft alle Bereiche unserer Gesellschaft. Im Bereich des Bauingenieurwesens bietet die Digitalisierung viele Potenziale für alle Phasen des Lebenszyklus von Bauwerken, die durch Verfügbarmachung von Daten und die Definition neuer Wege der Zusammenarbeit ausgebaut werden können. Digitale Methoden, insbesondere Building Information Modeling (BIM) und Structural Health Monitoring (SHM), bieten für Ingenieurbauwerke der Infrastruktur hervorragende Ansätze, diesem Gedanken gerecht zu werden und können einen Beitrag leisten, den Bauwerksbetrieb effizienter zu gestalten. Der Prozess der Bauwerksprüfung von Infrastrukturbauwerken folgt heute festgelegten Regelinspektionsfristen. Mithilfe des vorgestellten Konzepts soll durch die Verzahnung von BIM und SHM eine digital gestützte Instandhaltung von Eisenbahnbrücken entwickelt werden, um ein prädiktives Instandhaltungsmanagement zu ermöglichen und damit die Zuverlässigkeit von Ingenieurbauwerken über die Lebensdauer hinweg zu verbessern. Im Rahmen der Konzeptentwicklung werden die erforderlichen Methoden und Prozesse definiert, erklärt und harmonisiert.
CRISPR/Cas9: A new tool for the study and control of helminth parasites
Authors: Du Xiaofeng , McManus Donald P. , French Juliet D. , Jones Malcolm K. , You Hong 
Published: November 2020

AbstractRecent reports of CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing in parasitic helminths open up new avenues for research on these dangerous pathogens. However, the complex morphology and life cycles inherent to these parasites present obstacles for the efficient application of CRISPR/Cas9‐targeted mutagenesis. This is especially true with the trematode flukes where only modest levels of gene mutation efficiency have been achieved. Current major challenges in the application of CRISPR/Cas9 for study of parasitic worms thus lie in enhancing gene mutation efficiency and overcoming issues involved in host passage so that mutated parasites survive. Strategies developed for CRISPR/Cas9 studies on Caenorhabditis elegans, protozoa and mammalian cells, including novel delivery methods, the choice of selectable markers, and refining mutation precision represent novel tactics whereby these impediments can be overcome. Furthermore, employing CRISPR/Cas9‐mediated gene drive to interfere with vector transmission represents a novel approach for the control of parasitic worms that is worthy of further exploration.
Hypercalcemia caused by humoral effects and bone damage indicate poor outcomes in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients
Authors: Bao Li , Wang Yutong , Lu Minqiu , Chu Bin , Shi Lei , Gao Shan , Fang Lijuan , Xiang Qiuqing 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundHypercalcemia of malignancy (HCM) is a serious metabolic complication, and the highest rates are in multiple myeloma (MM). The cause of hypercalcemia in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) remains unknown. We sought to evaluate the prognostic impact and mechanism of hypercalcemia in patients with symptomatic NDMM.MethodsWe studied all consecutive MM patients who were initially diagnosed and followed up at Beijing Jishuitan Hospital between February 2013 and December 2019; 357 patients were included in the retrospective analysis.ResultsA total of 16.8% of MM patients presented with hypercalcemia at the time of MM diagnosis. The presence of hypercalcemia was associated with higher serum levels of β2 microglobulin, creatinine, phosphorus, uric acid, procollagen I N‐terminal peptide, β‐carboxy‐terminal cross‐linking telopeptide of type I collagen and osteocalcin, lower serum levels of hemoglobin, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and advanced ISS and R‐ISS stages. Multivariate analysis showed that serum PTH, hemoglobin, creatinine, and uric acid levels were the main factors affecting hypercalcemia. The presence of hypercalcemia was associated with significantly inferior survival (40 months vs 57 months, p < 0.05) based on univariate analysis, and it remained an independent poor prognostic factor (HR: 1.854, 95% CI: 1.006‐3.415, adjusted p = 0.048) in a multivariate model that included age and R‐ISS stage.ConclusionThis study shows that hypercalcemia is associated with poor survival and is caused by manifold factors with humoral effects and local bone destruction.
Intraoperative ipsilateral subclavian port catheter implantation in resectable breast cancer patients: A novel, safe, and convenient clinical practice
Authors: Ye Feng , Liu Yubo , Yu Ping , Li Na , Wang Yan , Xie Xiaoming , Tang Jun 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundPort catheter (PC) is a classical route of administering chemotherapy for breast cancer patients. We established a standard operating procedure (SOP) of intraoperative ipsilateral subclavian PC implantation in selected resectable breast cancer patients.MethodsWe conducted a prospective clinical study to assess its safety and complications. A total of seventy six resectable breast cancer patients were included for intraoperative ipsilateral subclavian PC implantation. Thirty patients receiving conventional percutaneous contralateral PC implantation under local anesthesia at the same period were recruited as control group. The time consuming of implantation, and PC‐related complications were recorded. Visual analog scale questionnaires were used to assess patients’ satisfaction.ResultsCompared with conventional contralateral PC implantation under local anesthesia, SOP for intraoperative ipsilateral subclavian PC implantation significantly shortens the time consuming (11.6 vs. 28.6 min, p < 0.001). With a median retention time of 6.3 months, the overall incidence rate of PC‐related complications is 21%, of which the most common complications are infections and venous thromboembolism (7.9% for each). Most patients (86.8%) with intraoperative ipsilateral subclavian PC implantation have completed the whole chemotherapy successfully. Due to the general anesthesia and shorter time consuming, intraoperative implantation gains significantly more patients' satisfaction.ConclusionsIn the present study, we develop a SOP for intraoperative ipsilateral subclavian PC implantation in resectable breast cancer patients, which is noval, convenient, and safe. In selected breast cancer patients with indications for adjuvant chemotherapy, this practice could significantly shorten the time consuming of PC implantation and improve the degree of patients' satisfaction.
Autophagy participates in the protection role of 1,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D3 in acute myocardial infarction via PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway
Authors: Wei Yun‐Xia , Dong Shi‐Min , Wang Yuan‐Yuan , Zhang Pu , Sun Ming‐Yu , Wei Yun‐Xiao , Meng Xian‐Ce , Wang Yue 
Published: November 2020

AbstractVitamin D deficiency is associated with acute myocardial infarction (AMI); thus we aimed to explore improvement effects of 1,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D3 (VD3) on the AMI and its potential mechanism. AMI models were constructed using male C57/BL6J mice and randomly treated with normal saline or VD3, using sham rats as control. Heart functions, myocardial damage, apoptosis, and inflammation were evaluated. Cardiomyocytes isolated from 3‐day‐old suckling mice were used for in vitro verification. After VD3 treatment, AMI‐induced cardiac dysfunction was reversed with better cardiac function parameters. VD3 treatment reduced inflammatory cell infiltration and myocardial infarction area accompanied by the reduction of inflammatory factors and myocardial infarction markers compared with the AMI group. VD3 treatment obviously alleviated AMI‐induced myocardial apoptosis, along with Bcl‐2 upregulation and downregulation of caspase‐3, caspase‐9, and Bax. Both in vivo and in vitro experiments revealed that VD3 enhanced the expression of LC3II and Beclin‐1 and decreased soluble p62. Furthermore, VD3 enhanced the AMI‐caused inhibition of PI3K, p‐AKT, and p‐mTOR expression, which was conversely reversed by the addition of 3‐methyladenine in vitro. The study highlights the improvement effects of VD3 on cardiac functions. We proposed a potential mechanism that VD3 protects against myocardial damage, inflammation, and apoptosis by promoting autophagy through PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.
En bloc resection of a T4B stage cancer of the hepatic flexure of the colon invading the liver, gall bladder, and pancreas/duodenum: A case report
Authors: Meng Linghou , Huang Zigao , Liu Jungang , Lai Hao , Zuo Hongqun , Liao Jiankun , Lin Yuan , Tang Weizhong , Mo Xianwei 
Published: November 2020

AbstractA T4B hepatic flexure of colon cancer that had invaded the liver, gall bladder, and pancreas/duodenum was removed through a D3 expanded right hemicolectomy + pancreaticoduodenectomy +sectional VI and VII hepatic segmentectomy.
Cd‐Based Metal–Organic Framework for Selective Turn‐On Fluorescent DMSO Residual Sensing
Authors: Wang Xiao‐Lu , Tian Jia‐Yue , Guo Xuan‐Chen , Zhang Fu‐Qiang , Liang Linfeng , Zhang Xian‐Ming 
Published: November 2020

AbstractDimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is a universally used solvent in various synthetic reactions, and trace amounts of DMSO residual are often seen on the surface of chemical product. It is difficult to quickly determine whether the residual DMSO is washed completely. This work reports a CdII metal–organic framework (MOF) SXU‐4 which can detect trace amounts of DMSO in various solvents. Fluorescence experiments reveal its turn‐on fluorescence effect toward DMSO with high selectivity and sensitivity, indicating that it can be used as an effective luminescent probe for rapid chemical product purity detection by testing the washing solution. Crystallographically characterized DMSO loaded SXU‐4 (DMSO@SXU‐4), in combination with computational results uncover that the enhanced DMSO–MOF conjugation through multiple DMSO–MOF supramolecule interactions and charge rearrangement are the main causes of fluorescence intensification.
Hydrodynamics of bubble coalescence in microchannels
Authors: Khadiya Siddharth , Kumari Sadhana , Gupta Raghvendra 
Published: November 2020

AbstractGas‐liquid flow in microchannels is relevant to a number of microfluidic devices without moving parts for application in chemical micro‐processing, inkjet printing, and electronics cooling. Over a large range of gas and liquid flow rates, gas bubbles have the same size as that of the channel. Such bubbles are nearly spherical in shape until their radius is less than that of the channel. The bubbles with a larger volume expand along the axis taking a capsular or bullet shape and are commonly known as Taylor bubbles. For air‐water flow, the spherical bubble is observed to move with a velocity higher than that of the Taylor bubble. In this work, the flow of a Taylor bubble followed by a spherical one, initially separated by several channel diameters, has been studied numerically using the volume of fluid (VOF) method. The hydrodynamics during the bubble approach as well as the evolution of the doublet, that is, the merged bubble, has been investigated. To track the velocity of each bubble with time during the bubble approach stage, a novel methodology has been developed using k‐means clustering algorithm. The evolution of the interface of the doublet has been monitored. The neck radius of the doublet grows as τ0.5, τ being the time since the contact between the bubble interfaces, when the interface is away from the wall. In the near wall region, the radius grows more slowly and is proportional to τ0.1.
Automated Quantification of Mitochondrial Fragmentation in an In Vitro Parkinson's Disease Model
Authors: Rees Daniel J. , Roberts Luke , Carla Carisi M. , Morgan Alwena H. , Brown M. Rowan , Davies Jeffrey S. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractNeuronal mitochondrial fragmentation is a phenotype exhibited in models of neurodegeneration such as Parkinson's disease. Delineating the dysfunction in mitochondrial dynamics found in diseased states can aid our understanding of underlying mechanisms of disease progression and possibly identify novel therapeutic approaches. Advances in microscopy and the availability of intuitive open‐access software have accelerated the rate of image acquisition and analysis, respectively. These developments allow routine biology researchers to rapidly turn hypotheses into results. In this protocol, we describe the utilization of cell culture techniques, high‐content imaging (HCI), and the subsequent open‐source image analysis pipeline for the quantification of mitochondrial fragmentation in the context of a rotenone‐based in vitro Parkinson's disease model. © 2020 The Authors.Basic Protocol 1: SN4741 neuron culture and treatment in a rotenone‐based model of Parkinson's diseaseBasic Protocol 2: Identification of cell nuclei, measurement of mitochondrial membrane potential, and measurement of mitochondrial fragmentation in mouse‐derived midbrain dopaminergic neurons
Development of intense terahertz light source for forming periodic structures on material surface
Authors: Hosokawa Chikai , Hashida Masaki , Nagashima Takeshi , Inoue Shunsuke , Sakabe Shuji 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWe have developed an intense terahertz wave source aiming at in situ measurement of periodic surface structures induced by terahertz waves on solid materials with high‐spatiotemporal resolution. An intense terahertz wave of 119 µJ was generated from a Lithium Niobate crystal induced with an intense laser with fluence of 25 mJ/cm2 by tilted pulse front method. By applying a negative chirp to the laser pulse, the pulse width spread inside the crystal was compensated, and the output of the terahertz wave was maximized.
Assessment of somatosensory sensitivity and activity of the electroencephalogram using body surface electrical stimulation in virtual reality environments
Authors: Kasai Ryosuke , Itoh Nana , Kamijo Fuminori , Kano Takashi , Shimamine Tetsuya , Ogino Minoru , Hinata Nae , Tanaka Kohei , Shinohara Kazuhiko , Mizuno‐Matsumoto Yuko 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study was to assess Virtual Reality (VR) based visual auditory stimulation can relieve pain. To achieve this, the impact that body surface electrical stimulation has on the body surface potentials and activity in the central nervous system in VR environments were extracted. Twenty‐two adults participated in this study. The body surface potentials and Electroencephalogram frequencies were measured under various conditions: non‐viewing, viewing neutral clips, viewing unpleasant clips, and viewing pleasant clips. The pain index was calculated from the body surface potentials. Participants were asked to complete subjective pain measurement scales. Results showed that the pain index and the relative subjective pain score decreased when presented with unpleasant and pleasant video clips. The incidence of alpha waves declined when presented with unpleasant clips, while the incidence of beta waves increased when presented with unpleasant and pleasant video clips. Inattentiveness to pain due to VR immersion and descending pain inhibition due to awareness of emotional stress after viewing VR clips were considered to have contributed to the decline in the pain index and in relative subjective pain score. This study suggests that it is possible to relieve pain by VR viewing related to unpleasant or pleasant.
Bioremediation analysis of sediment‐microbial fuel cells for energy recovery from microbial activity in soil
Authors: Bose Debajyoti , Santra Mahula , Sanka Rama Venkata Siva Prasanna , Krishnakumar Balaji 
Published: November 2020

SummaryIn natural environments, voltage gradients can be created in soil or sediments from inherent microbial activity. Present work has utilized sediment microbial fuel cell or s‐MFC for dark flocculent surface sediments to see bioelectricity generation potential at Jaipur, Rajasthan in India. Using a glucose rich substrate media and low external resistance, system generated external voltage of around 500 ± 10 mV, with power density peaking after a week of operation with 2122 ± 80 mW/m2 and current density of 4.31 mA/m2; s‐MFC reactor components included six graphite based anodes, placed strategically in the sediments, connected in series to a cathode for enhanced system performance. FTIR analysis of the surface sediment showed the presence of complex organic and inorganic compounds that allow stable biofilm formation, which influences power density directly. Such systems provide a novel route to bioremediation using microbial metabolism and can provide remote power generation for oceanographic instruments, biosensors and similar low power devices.
Front Cover
Authors: Bertoncini Andrea , Laptenok Sergey P. , Genchi Luca , Rajamanickam Vijayakumar P. , Liberale Carlo 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWe present a 3D printed high‐NA catadioptric lens for forward signal collection in laser‐scanning microscopy. The lens can replace expensive and bulky high‐NA microscope objectives or condensers and is so thin to fit inside top‐stage microscope incubators. The lens is particularly beneficial in Stimulated Raman Scattering (SRS), where a high‐NA beam collection is needed to avoid artefacts due to Cross Phase Modulation.Further details can be found in the article by Andrea Bertoncini, Sergey P. Laptenok, Luca Genchi, Vijayakumar P. Rajamanickam, and Carlo Liberale (e202000219).
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Inside Cover
Authors: Won Jungeun , Porter Ryan G. , Novak Michael A. , Youakim Jon , Sum Ada , Barkalifa Ronit , Aksamitiene Edita , Zhang Anqi , Nolan Ryan , Shelton Ryan , Boppart Stephen A. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAir pressure‐driven movements of the eardrum were captured with a handheld probe‐based OCT system. The pneumaticdriven stiffness and time lag were compared between the normal ear and the ear with a middle ear infection.Further details can be found in the article by Jungeun Won, Ryan G. Porter, Michael A. Novak, Jon Youakim, Ada Sum, Ronit Barkalifa, Edita Aksamitiene, Anqi Zhang, Ryan M. Nolan, Ryan L. Shelton, and Stephen A. Boppart (e202000215).
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