bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnosis of Viral Myocarditis in Children with Clinical Suspicion of Myocarditis by Multiplex Real-time PCR in Birjand Vali-Asr Hospital, East of Iran
Authors: Salehi Forod , Salehi Shiva , Yousefi Masoud 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background Viral myocarditis (VMC) is one of the common heart diseases to endanger human health in different age groups, especially children. The aim of this study was diagnosis of viral myocarditis in children with clinical suspicion of myocarditis by multiplex Real-time PCR in Birjand Vali-Asr hospital.Methods This cross-sectional research conducted on 19 patients with clinical suspicion of myocarditis who had evidence of microbial infections in recent weeks. Routine electrocardiogram and dynamic ECG examinations, auxiliary laboratory testing and echocardiographic evaluation were performed. Multiplex Real-time PCR by Neuro kit was used for detection of viral agents in blood or pericardial fluid samples.Results The results indicated that 4 out of 19 (21.05%) patients with myocarditis were found to be virus positive. The spectrum of viral agents was included HHV-6/7, Parvovirus B-19, EBV, VZV and Adenoviruses. A co-infection of HHV-6/7 and Parvovirus B-19 was found in the one patient. ECG findings such as sinus tachycardia with ST-T changes, premature ventricular contraction and complete heart block were found in VMC patients. The predominant echocardiographic features in the patients with VMC were a low ejection fraction, mitral regurgitation and severe pericardial effusion with hypotension. AST and LDH abnormal increase were found in the some patient.Conclusions Our findings highlight the importance of identification of VMC in children with clinical suspicion of myocarditis. The present study emphasizes the importance of PCR-based assays for detection of viral agents in myocarditis patients with symptoms of virus infection.
Paramedics's perspectives on hospital transfers of nursing home residents - a qualitative focus group study
Authors: Pulst Alexandra , Fassmer Alexander Maximilian , Hoffmann Falk , Schmiemann Guido 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: Emergency department (ED) visits and hospital admissions are common among nursing home residents (NHRs). These transfers are often considered avoidable and can have negative effects on residents’ health status. Emergency medical services (EMS) are an important linking profession between nursing homes (NHs) and hospitals and responsible for transports. So far, little is known about the perspectives of paramedics in this context. The aim of this qualitative study is to explore how paramedics experience hospital transfer process of NHRs and how hospitalizations could be avoided from their point of view.
Methods: A qualitative study with three focus groups was conducted with paramedics. The focus groups followed a semi-structured question guide focusing on issues during transfer process, avoidable hospital transfers and potential interventions which might reduce transfers from NHs. Discussions were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data were analyzed by content analysis using the software MAXQDA.
Results: In total, 18 paramedics (mean age: 33 years, male n=14) participated in the focus groups. Paramedics mainly reported about perceived structural reasons (e.g. understaffing or lack of time) in NHs which led to initiation of an emergency call. Paramedics were often faced with poorly organized handovers because of lacking or incomplete information. In many cases, nursing staff was perceived as insufficiently qualified and not well-prepared regarding health status of NHRs. Throughout transfer process, the behavior of all involved professional groups (dispatcher/ambulance control center, nurses, physicians and paramedics) was influenced by legal uncertainties. Paramedics rated hospital transfers as avoidable in case of urinary catheter complications, exsiccosis/infections and partially in case of falls. Emergency standards in NHs, trainings for nursing staff, improvement of working conditions and legal conditions were discussed as potential interventions which could reduce hospital transfers of NHRs.
Conclusion: Paramedics are faced with complex issues when transporting a NHR to hospital. According to their point of view staff shortage and legal uncertainties play a relevant role in transfer decisions. Interventions reducing (avoidable) hospital transfers of NHRs have to take these factors into account.
Keywords: nursing home residents, hospitalization, hospital admission, patient transfer, referral, transition, emergency department, emergency medical services, decision making, advance care planning
Teaching Practice is not Enough for EFL Teachers: Voices from IAIN Surakarta
Authors: Solikhah Imroatus , Budiharso Teguh 
Published: November 2019

This study explores teaching practices for English Language Education program of IAIN Surakarta were implemented to link the gaps between theory and actual needs at schools. Relying on the qualitative approach, this study used content analysis as the main data sources, observation and interview to collect data. The results of the study show that teaching practice for the ELT in IAIN Surakarta indicate restrictions. With overall duration of 16 weeks, teaching practices at IAIN Surakarta is set in 6 credits, each of which consists of (1) micro teaching (2 credits), (2) administrative observation, (3) classroom observation, (4) classroom teaching practices. During the field practices, complaints from mentor teachers appear that practican students are not well prepared in teaching skills and limited knowledge is performed to English competence performance in the classroom. Students claim that preparation in the itinerary of teaching practice they received from campus are not definitely sufficient as too many administrative processes are emphazised and mentoring system does not suffice to equip teaching skills
Water-reuse concepts for industrial parks in water-stressed regions in South East Asia
Authors: Bauer S. , Dell A. , Behnisch J. , Chen H. , Bi X. , Nguyen V. A. , Linke H. J. , Wagner M. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
With regard to the water shortage in several regions of South East Asia, the paper focuses on the development of a sustainable Industrial WasteWater Management Concept with the focus on Reuse (brand name: IW2MC → R) to reduce water consumption from natural resources. The IW2MC → R includes the sustainable treatment of wastewater in industrial parks (IP) to provide reuse water for different purposes. The main objective is to reach the highest possible Industrial Park Reuse Factor (IPRF). The IPRF describes the relation between wastewater inflow to the central wastewater treatment plant and the outflow of reuse water for different applications. The Infrastructure Reuse Factor (IRF), one component of the IPRF, relates to infrastructural reuse applications (e.g. irrigation, street cleaning, toilet flushing). To determine the IRF, a model industrial park is applied. A first calculation resulting in an IRF of ∼25% includes reuse applications for irrigating green spaces, street cleaning, and toilet flushing. In cases when other applications for reuse water are considered (e.g. cooling or firefighting water), the IRF can be higher than 25%. Thus, the IW2MC → R provides a sustainable solution strategy, especially for water-stressed regions, to drive new IP developments by reducing water extraction from natural resources.
Release Kinetics of Nicotine Loaded onto Mesoporous Silicate Materials for Use in Nicotine Replacement Therapy
Authors: Ijbara Fadia , Marzouqa Dua’a M. , AlDamin Murad A. , Hodali Hamdallah A. 
Published: November 2019

Objective:
In this work, the loading of nicotine onto mesoporous silicate materials and its
release into a phosphate buffer solution at 37°C were investigated.

Methods:
The mesoporous silicate materials designated as MCM-41 were prepared with different pore
sizes via using alkyltrimethylammonium bromide surfactants with different alkyl chain lengths of carbon
atoms 12, 14, and 16. The mesoporous silicate systems were characterized by X-Ray Diffraction
(XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), N2-adsorption–desorption isotherms, and FT-IR spectroscopy.

Results:
Loading of nicotine was confirmed by FTIR and thermal gravimetric analysis and was determined
by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC).

Conclusion:
A slight increase in loading capacity with increasing pore size was observed, with a loading
capacity of about 17% for MCM-41(16). The release of nicotine was monitored by HPLC and was
almost complete for MCM-41(14) and MCM-41(16) in 8 h.
Traumatic Brain Injury: A Forensic Approach: A Literature Review
Authors: Bertozzi Giuseppe , Maglietta Francesca , Sessa Francesco , Scoto Edmondo , Cipolloni Luigi , Di Mizio Giulio , Salerno Monica , Pomara Cristoforo 
Published: November 2019

:Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the principal cause of invalidity and death in the population under 45 years of age worldwide.:This mini-review aims to systematize the forensic approach in neuropathological studies, highlighting the proper elements to be noted during external, radiological, autoptical, and histological examinations with particular attention paid to immunohistochemistry and molecular biology.:In the light of the results of this mini-review, an accurate forensic approach can be considered mandatory in the examination of suspected TBI with medico-legal importance, in order to gather all the possible evidence to corroborate the diagnosis of a lesion that may have caused, or contributed to, death. From this point of view, only the use of an evidence-based protocol can reach a suitable diagnosis, especially in those cases in which there are other neuropathological conditions (ischemia, neurodegeneration, neuro-inflammation, dementia) that may have played a role in death.:This is even more relevant when corpses, in an advanced state of decomposition, are studied, where the radiological, macroscopic and histological analyses fail to give meaningful answers. In these cases, immune-histochemical and molecular biology diagnostics are of fundamental importance and a forensic neuropathologist has to know them. Particularly, MiRNAs are promising biomarkers for TBI both for brain damage identification and for medico-legal aspects, even if further investigations are required to validate the first experimental studies. In the same way, the genetic substrate should be examined during any forensic examination, considering its importance in the outcome of TBI.
The Role of PGC-1α in Digestive System Malignant Tumours
Authors: Zhang Qiushuang , Chen Wei , Xie Chao , Dai Xiaoshuo , Ma Junfen , Lu Jing 
Published: November 2019

Background:
Cancer is increasingly becoming the leading cause of death in many countries,
and malignant tumours of the digestive system account for majority of cancer incidence and mortality cases.
Metabolism has been identified as a core hallmark of cancer. Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma
coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α) is a pivotal regulator of mitochondrial energy metabolism. Accumulating evidence
reveals that PGC-1α is essential in cancer development.

Objective:
We summarize the latest research progress of PGC-1α in common digestive system malignant tumours.
Some related modulators and pathways are analyzed as well.

Methods:
We conducted a literature review on the development of PGC-1α in common digestive system malignant
tumours.

Results:
In colorectal cancer, PGC-1α appears to provide growth advantages by different pathways, although it
has also been reported to have opposite effects. The previous studies of PGC-1α on liver cancer also demonstrated
different effects by sundry pathways. Concerning gastric cancer, PGC-1α promotes cell proliferation,
apoptosis in vitro and tumour growth in vivo. AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α is related to the inhibition of apoptosis in
pancreatic cancer cells. Pancreatic cancer stem cells are strongly dependent on mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation.
PGC-1α is required to maintain the stemness property of pancreatic cancer stem cells.

Conclusion:
We explore diverse mechanisms that explain the dichotomous functions of PGC-1α on tumorigenesis,
and discuss the latest research concerning digestive system malignant tumours. This review would provide
better comprehension of the field and a basis for further studies associated with PGC-1α in digestive system
cancers.
The Effects of 8 Weeks of Levothyroxine Replacement Treatment on Metabolic and Anthropometric Indices of Insulin Resistance in Hypothyroid Patients
Authors: Pasandideh Roya , Hosseini Seyed M. , Veghari Gholamreza , Hezarkhani Sharebeh 
Published: November 2019

Background:
Insulin resistance (IR) is an independent cardiovascular risk factor. IR predisposes
to metabolic syndrome and diabetes. Meanwhile, little evidence exists about the effect of
levothyroxine replacement treatment (LRT) on IR in hypothyroid patients.

Objective:
To investigate metabolic and anthropometric indices of IR in hypothyroid patients before
and after 8 weeks of LRT.

Methods:
This pre-post study evaluated the 8 weeks outcomes of LRT on 66 patients with recently
diagnosed hypothyroidism. Outcome measures included body mass index (BMI), waist circumferences
(WC), waist to hip ratio (WHR), waist to height ratio (WHtR), body fat percent (BF%), free thyroxin
(FT4), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL), fasting plasma levels of glucose (FPG) and
insulin. Sex- specific cut offs of two metabolic indices i.e. the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) and the homeostasis
model assessment (HOMA) were used for IR diagnosis. The changes in TyG and HOMA
were also compared after LRT.

Results:
Participants were overt and subclinical hypothyroidism 71% and 29%, respectively. After
LRT the mean values of the following anthropometric indices significantly decreased: weight (79.61
vs. 78.64), BMI (29.53 vs. 29.2), WC (98.25 vs. 97.39) and BF% (35.34 vs. 34.95). After LRT the
HOMA and TyG had no significant changes relative to their initial values. Also, IR that was determined
on the basis of these metabolic indices more commonly observed in participants.

Conclusion:
Despite decreasing some anthropometric indices, the diagnosis of IR based on metabolic
indices increased following 8 weeks LRT in hypothyroid cases.
Effectiveness of Online Learning and its Comparison Using Innovative Statistical Approach
Authors: Srivastava Manoj K. , Kumar Rajesh , Khare Ashish 
Published: November 2019

Background:
Advances in Mobile and Internet technology evolved several online applications
like smart class, virtual class and online classes. Online courseware influences better subjective
knowledge of the learners. The effectiveness of processes of teaching and learning must evaluated
for the benefits of the learners to select the best approach of learning which motivated us to evaluate
and compare different Online Learning courses Effectiveness through statistical approaches.

Objective:
The main objective of this paper is to compare the learning effect of National Program
on Technology Enhanced Learning (NPTEL) with traditional class room learning approach.

Methods:
Master of Science -Final year Computer Science students has been allowed to learn their
subjects in online learning mode using with NPTEL and traditional learning approach in two different
groups. After learning of the subjects a series of tests has been conducted and their marks are
recorded for comparison of two different learning modes For comparison of the results of two learning
methodologies two different measuring statistical matrices namely F-test and T-test has been
taken. The experimental results demonstrate thatthe t-test results of NPTEL and the f-test results for
NPTEL learning method are superior than the other comparative learning methods.

Results:
The test shows that online learning approach provides better learning as compared to traditional
classroom learning.

Conclusion:
The obtained results also indicate that there is a significant improvement on learners
through NPTEL video lectures over traditional class room based learning.
An Interactive and Predictive Pre-diagnostic Model for Healthcare based on Data Provenance
Authors: Ahmed Zhwan Namiq , Hussien Jamal Ali 
Published: November 2019

The future of healthcare may look completely different from the current clinic-center services. Rapidly growing and developing technologies are expected to change clinics throughout the world. However, the healthcare delivered to impaired patients, such as elderly and disabled people, possibly still requires hands-on human expertise. The aim of this study is to propose a predictive model that pre-diagnose illnesses by analyzing symptoms that are interactively taken from patients via several hand gestures during a period of time. This is particularly helpful in assisting clinicians and doctors to gain better understanding and make more accurate decisions about future plans for their patients’ situations. The hand gestures are detected, the time of the gesture is recorded and then they are associated to their designated symptoms. This information is captured in the form of provenance graphs constructed based on the W3C PROV data model. The provenance graph is analyzed by extracting several network metrics and then supervised machine-learning algorithms are used to build a predictive model. The model is used to predict diseases from the symptoms with a maximum accuracy of 84.5%.
Penerapan Pendekatan Bermain dalam Pembelajaran Matematika Siswa Kelas IV Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Siregar Pariang Sonang 
Published: November 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hasil belajar Matematika siswa dengan pendekatan bermain di kelas IV SD Negeri 05 Inderalaya, Ogan Ilir. Penelitian ini meru­pakan penelitian eksperimen semu dengan meng­gunakan rancangan penelitian One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada peningkatan hasil belajar siswa setelah penerapan pendekatan bermain pada pokok bahasan Bilangan Romawi. Rata-rata hasil belajar siswa terlihat meningkat dari 63,72 menjadi 75,86 serta persentase ketun­tasan dari 65,51 % meningkat menjadi 75,86 %. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa penerapan pendekatan bermain dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa dalam pembelajaran Matematika.
Kata Kunci: pendekatan, bermain, matematika
Meningkatkan Motivasi Bertanya Siswa Melalui Model Snowball Throwing Di Kelas IV Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Sofwan Muhammad , Komisah K 
Published: November 2019

Penelitian ini berlatar belakang pada kenyataan bahwa rendahnya motivasi bertanya siswa di kelas IV SD Iqra Muara Bulian dikarenakan kemauan bertanya siswa masih rendah, lebih senang bermain, dan lebih banyak mengobrol sesama teman saat proses pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan motivasi bertanya siswa dengan menggunakan model snowball throwing di kelas IV SD Iqra Muara Bulian. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) yang terdiri dari dua siklus, dimana data yang diambil berupa data observasi melalui lembar pengamtan siswa yang dilakukan pada tiap proses pembelajaran dengan menggunakan model snowball throwing. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan 4 tahap yaitu perencanan, pelaksanaan, observasi, dan refleksi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan melalui model snowball throwing dapat meningkatkan motivasi bertanya siswa di kelas IV SD Iqra Muara Bulian. Berdasarkan lembar observasi motivasi bertanya siswa menunjukkan adanya peningkatan, terbukti dari siklus I motivasi bertanya siswa 63,71 % (cukup), meningkat pada siklus II menjadi 74,95 % (baik). Dalam hal ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa melalui model snowball throwing dapat meningkatkan motivasi bertanya siswa di kelas IV SD Iqra Muara Bulian.

Kata Kunci : Motivasi, Bertanya, Model Snowball Throwing
Meningkatkan Rasa Ingin Tahu Dengan Menggunakan Metode Pemecahan Masalah Di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Yantoro Y 
Published: November 2019

Abstrak. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui penggunaan metode pemecahan masalah dalam meningkatkan rasa ingin tahu siswa pada pembelajaran matematika materi pecahankelas V C di SD Negeri 34 / I Teratai. Terdiri dari tiga siklus, dimana data yang diambil yaitu berupa data observasi melalui lembar observasi rasa ingin tahu siswa yang dilakukan pada tiap proses pembelajaran menggunakan metode pemecahan masalah. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan 4 tahap yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi dan refleksi.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan penggunaan metode pemecahan masalah dapat meningkatkan rasa ingin tahu siswa kelas V C di SD Negeri 34 / I Teratai. Berdasarkan lembar hasil rekapitulasi persentase rasa ingin tahu siswa menunjukkan adanya peningkatan, terbukti dari siklus I rasa ingin tahu siswa 63,54% meningkat pada siklus II menjadi 66,67% dan meningkat lagi pada siklus III menjadi 84,89%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut, maka dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa metode pemecahan masalah dapat meningkatkan rasa ingin tahu siswa kelas V C di SD Negeri 34/I Teratai.
Kata kunci : Rasa Ingin Tahu, Pemecahan Masalah, Pembelajaran Matematika
Implementasi Nilai-Nilai Kedisiplinan Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Nelyahardi N 
Published: November 2019

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan implementasi nilai-nilai kedisiplinan yang dilakukan oleh guru kepada siswa, serta mendeskripsikan hambatan-hambatan yang dialami oleh guru dalam mengimplementasikan nilai-nilai kedisiplinan pada kelas IV SDN 13/I Muara Bulian. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan subjek penelitian guru kelas dan siswa kelas IV SDN 13/I Muara Bulian Tahun Ajaran 2015/2016. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data berupa observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data menggunakan teknik analisis model interaktif Miles dan Huberman (reduksi data, display data, dan penarikan kesimpulan) Uji keabsahan data menggunakan triangulasi sumber data dan teknik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa guru kelas IV SDN 13/I Muara Bulian mengimplementasikan nilai kedisiplinan pada siswa dengan menggunakan teknik pengintegrasian nilai yang meliputi; kegiatan rutin, kegiatan spontan, keteladanan, dan pengkondisian. Pada penerapannya guru menggunakan peraturan, hukuman, konsistensi dan penghargaan sebagai pedoman. Hambatan yang dialami guru dalam mengimplementasikan nilai kedisiplinan yaitu pelaksanaan implementasi masih terpaku pada aturan sekolah, program belum berjalan jika belum ada perintah dari sekolah, dan guru pengganti masih kesulitan mengkondisikan siswa di kelas ketika menggantikan guru kelas.

Kata Kunci : Implementasi, Nilai Kedisiplinan
Pengelolaan Perpustakaan Sekolah Sebagai Sumber Belajar Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Suryani Irma 
Published: November 2019

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pelaksanaan pengelolaan perpustakaan sebagai sumber belajar siswa di SDN 13/I Muara Bulian. Metode penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan subjek 1 kepala sekolah, dan 1 pegawai perpustakaan. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data menggunakan langkah-langkah reduksi data, display data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pelaksanaan pengelolaan perpustakaan sebagai sumber belajar belum berjalan secara optimal karena masih memiliki banyak kekurangan, seperti 1) gedung yang belum memenuhi syarat, 2) peralatan dan perlengkapan yang belum lengkap, 3) tata ruang perpustakaan, 4) koleksi bahan pustaka masih sedikit, 5) kurangnya tenaga pustakawan, 6) pelayanan yang masih belum diawasi, 7) dan belum adanya tata tertib perpustakaan yang jelas. Hal-hal tersebut membuat siswa kurang terdorong untuk menjadikan perpustakaan sebagai sumber belajar.

Kata Kunci : Pengelolaan, Perpustakaan