bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In Situ Remediation of Lead Contaminated Marine Sediment using Bentonite, Kaolin and Sand as Capping Materials
Authors: Kabir Aliyu Mohammed , Abd. Karim Ahmad Tarmizi , Chee –Ming Chan , Nda Muhammad 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
There is a growing public concern over the issue of sediment contamination resulting from industrial and municipal waste discharge, mining activities, and improper use of chemical fertilizer, pesticides, and wastewater irrigation. However, there is a need to reduce the continuous contamination of the water column and biota by the pollutants in the sediment. The conventional approach of contaminated sediment treatment is dredging but is expensive and requires a large area of land for disposal. In situ capping of contaminated sediment is considered as a cheaper technique compared to dredging and efficient treatment technology to immobilize pollutants in sediments on site. A laboratory-scale capping experiment was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of using bentonite (B), kaolin (K), a mixture of bentonite with kaolin (BK), and sand in immobilizing lead-contaminated sediment using in situ capping treatment technology. The results indicated that applying bentonite, kaolin, and sand as capping materials has the potential to effectively reduce the release of lead from the heavily spiked contaminated marine sediment (3000 ppm) to the overlying water. The adsorption kinetics results obtained showed that the experimental data for adsorption of Pb fitted well to the Elovich, Second-order and Two- constant rate kinetic models as judged by highest values of R2 and the lowest values of standard error of estimate (SE) such as R2 of 0.937, 0.735, 0.932 with SE values of 0.23, 2.62 and 0.26 for B, K and BK respectively in the Elovich, likewise R2 of 0.817, 0.935, 0.821 with SE values 0.33, 0.07 and 0.19 for B, K and BK in the Second-order and R2 of 0.938, 0.637, 0.925 with SE values of 0.000135, 0.0015 and 0.00024 for B, K and BK were obtained for Two-constant rate models, which implied that the process of adsorption was by chemisorption.
The Application of Smart Home Concept into Existing Typical Malaysian Single-storey Terrace Houses: Device Installation
Authors: Ahmad Mahmud Nasrul Arif , Mohamad Yusof Nurul Nabilah , Abd Wahab Izuddinshah , Amalina Hanapi Nur 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
A Smart Home Concept is often referred to the application of smart system technology into residential typology of building. It is a system in which provide home automation that used by the home owner in order to adjust the condition of the house either they are home or away from home. In Malaysia, typical single-storey terrace houses builds according the specifications through a conventional construction complied with Universal Building By-Laws 1985 that help occupants to live in safe and comfort. However, with the introduction of new concept and new technology of Smart Home, Malaysian residential building is upgraded. Thus, aim of this study is to identify the aspects of Smart Home Concept that will inform its usage and application into existing typical Malaysian single-storey terrace houses in terms of device installation. Three major Smart Home system providers were interviewed in order to gain information for the analysis. The analysis is basically to test the applicability of the system in terms of its ideal positioning and installation construction. At the end of this paper, the objective of the study is achieved, in which, smart home concept requires proper planning of home furnishing for them to work effectively. In terms of installation construction, there is no needs to do major renovation or hacking of the existing houses.
The Study of Fire Safety for Multi-Storey Container Hotel: A Case Study in Muar PPT Hotel
Authors: Amalina Hanapi Nur , Idris Shazali M. Azzamudeen , Abd Wahab Izudinshah , Ahmad Mahmud Nasrul Arif 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Recent trends show diversified usage of container that usually intended as mobile transportation case for trading industry and now applied as building materials especially for commercial building such as hotel. However, as new material, it should comply with basic fire safety requirement which spelled out in the Uniform Building By-Laws (UBBL) 1984. In the construction laws of a building in Malaysia, the characteristics of building must comply with the requirement and regulations before it is being approved in the Certificate of Completion and Compliance (CCC). Thus, this study is focusing on the container materials and its compliance of fire safety requirements and strategies for multi-storey container hotel building. Literature review and case study are used in order to get the information and to compare the ability of the materials and construction to comply with UBBL 1984 in terms of passive design. The results of the evaluation show the possibilities of Multi-Storey Container Hotel to be built and used complied with passive fire safety requirement.
Exploring Determinants of Healthy Workplace Elements in The Office Building
Authors: Othman M K F , Rais S L A , Azir K M A K 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
An ideal environment in the workplace is essential to employees and users because of its excellent and positive effect on their general well-being and health. To maintain the general well-being and health of the employee, the implementation of a healthy working environment is recommended for an office or workplace. A healthy workplace enables employees to benefit from maximum satisfaction as well as the commitment to their work, thus giving a powerful impact on the productivity of the organisation. However, employees and users have no awareness of how to produce healthy environments and practices in the workplace. Therefore, this study aimed to attain determinants of the healthy workplace in an office building through the identification of healthy workplace elements. Ample literature review was conducted to identify healthy workplace elements and criteria and further to explore its determinants. It is found that healthy workplaces comprise two factors; namely healthy environments and healthy practices. Healthy practices are generally advantageous in the short term, whereas a healthy environment gives long-term advantages. This research is expected to supply additional information to employees and employers regarding the significance of healthy workplaces, hence, it will improve the implementation of a healthy workplace in an office building.
Exploring Building Information Modeling (BIM) Awareness in Sarawak Construction Industry
Authors: Tamjehi S D , Zaini A Ahmad , Zaini N , Razali A W , Gui H C 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Building Information Modeling (BIM) is a digital view which represent the functional and physical of building in construction project. BIM has become a necessity in today’s construction industry from the point of of providing digital representation and integration between project stakeholders, as well as providing the possibility of processing and storing the project information in a common database. Despite these advantages, the acceptance of BIM remain at a marginal level. Sarawak construction industry itself has fallen far behind on BIM implementation. Moreover, as construction projects in the state of Sarawak become increasingly diversify and complex, the need for BIM in Sarawak becomes increasingly important. Therefore, this paper has explored the awareness of BIM in the Sarawak construction industry. To realize this, a structured questionnaire survey form was distributed to 300 construction stakeholders through simple random sampling method. Out of the 300 questionnaire surveys, a total of 133 were returned and analyzed using descriptive, mean and factor analysis. The results were tabulated and ranked in descending order. Findings of this paper revealed that awareness level of BIM is gaining its momentum and the implementation of related software in Sarawak construction industry is still low. Factor analysis procedure for awareness of BIM has been conducted and this has extracted two distinct components which is awareness on knowledge and software with eigenvalues exceeding 1.0. This paper therefore encourages and recommends BIM implementation in the Sarawak construction industry, derivable through BIM awareness to increase productivity, better coordination, and minimized errors and repetition of works in the construction operations.
Quality Performance of Multi-layered Subcontracting Practices in Malaysian Construction Industry
Authors: Lew Yoke-Lian , Lai Sok-Yeng , Toh Tien-Choon , Tan Ooi-Kuan , Felicia Yong-Yan- Yan , Yow Li-Ping 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Multilayer subcontracting system is widely used within construction industry for better efficiency of subcontractors’ operation due to their unique skills. However, the practice raises poor quality products in construction practice and contributes to poor project performance. Therefore, this study was conducted with the objectives to investigate the practice of multilayer subcontracting in Malaysian construction industry, to identify the problems arisen from multilayer subcontracting and to identify the methods for improvement of quality performance by multilayer subcontracting. A questionnaire survey was conducted. Based on the results, implementation of multilayer subcontracting system contributes largely to the poor performance across all major aspects including ineffectively time and cost management, quality works deficiency and poor communication and coordination performance. With various layers, the long communication channel causes various problems such as less control on bottom layers subcontractors, communication errors with the consequent of extra cost and time incurred due to abortive and remedial works are being taken. Recommendations for improving the practice are suggested to enhance prequalification of subcontractors, restrain the use of “supply-and-fix” subcontracting arrangement, and formulate an appropriate subcontractor evaluation system. The findings of this study provided a baseline in examining the multilayer subcontracting practices among main contractors and subcontractors and exploring the areas where the improvements can be made for obtaining the benefits of using this practice.
Claims in Construction Projects: A Comprehensive Literature Review
Authors: Shaikh H H , Zainun N Y , Khahro S H 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Construction industry plays main part in the financial development of a country and occupies an essential position in the state’s growth policies. Construction industry generates thousands of jobs into different sectors to accommodate people according to its capabilities. On the contrary, it faces huge number of claims, as a result it gives birth to various problems including additional cost and time to complete the project. Therefore, this paper aims to identify the common types and causes of claims generally occur in construction industry and specifically in large scale projects. A detailed literature review has been carried out for this research and covers past research papers of the last two decades. The results showed delay in claims and extra work claim submitted by the parties, they are the main types of claims followed by contract ambiguity claims, extension of time claim and suspension of work claims. Delay of payment is the most important cause of claim followed by incomplete design, variation order, change order by owner, lack of communication and in last poor project management. It is concluded that proper contract documentation should be done and early error identification in contract documents, drawings and specifications should be highlighted. Finally, it is recommended to adopt proper claim management policy and procedures to address the queries by all parties. This paper will be used to design future guidelines in managing claims in large scale construction projects to improve the performance of construction industry.
Key dimensions of main contractors’ service quality in the Chinese construction industry: Voices from subcontractors
Authors: Wang Z , Lim B T.H. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
While the topics of service quality and subcontracting are not new in construction project management, it seems that little is known how subcontractors perceive and evaluate the service quality of their main contractors. Particularly, evidence has shown that unfair subcontracting practices could lead to poor service quality; hence undesirable project outcomes. In addressing this gap, an online questionnaire survey of 90 subcontractors was undertaken to identifying the key dimensions of main contractors’ service quality in the Chinese construction industry. Overall, the exploratory factor analysis shows that subcontractors’ perception of main contractors’ service quality could be classified into: operation management; health and safety management; and communication management. Of these, operation management is more prevalent than health and safety management and communication management. In conclusion, the research findings help inform company management of categories of key considerations, and thus enable them to configure better targeted strategies to improving their service quality.
Crane Accidents at Construction Sites in Malaysia
Authors: Muhamad Zaini Nurmahamira Zairani , Fikri Hasmori Muhammad , Mat Salleh Mohamad Ariff , Norazam Yasin Mohd , Ismail Radzi 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Construction of high-rise buildings, large-scale apartment blocks, or construction in urban areas demands increasingly greater use of cranes. In the construction industry, the use of crane is common and very important regardless of the size of the project. Cranes generally use cable and pulley to deliver a mechanical advantage when it is necessary to lift heavy loads. They have the potential to move materials of different sizes that play an extraordinarily important role in the construction site. The crane operator is responsible for controlling the crane effectively and follow the safety guidelines. Life loss, injury, and property damage are the implications that will occur if the crane maintenance specifications and operations are not correctly practiced. As the result of crane accident happened every year, this paper seeks to identify the causes of crane accident at construction sites in Malaysia. With the aim that has been stated, this paper summarizes statistic and causes of crane accident of most cited papers. Thus, the causes that lead to accident from previous researcher will be highlighted. Outcomes from the study demonstrate that operational and technical problem are the major causes of crane accidents at construction site in Malaysia. Exploration of this paper will help the construction industry especially in crane monitoring for a better safety performance and regulation at all construction projects.
Effect of Accident Due to Fall From Height at Construction Sites in Malaysia
Authors: Muhamad Zaini Nurmahamira Zairani , Mat Salleh Mohamad Ariff , Fikri Hasmori Muhammad , Haslinda Abas Nor 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Nationally, falls from height (FFH) are a significant threat to the construction fields and are one of the leading causes of a fatal accident to construction workers. Since the construction industry is carried out in hazardous environments, accidents occurring at various severity rates, leading to minor, severe and fatal injuries. Meanwhile, the majority of accidents are caused by a variety of significant causes and uncertain actions or unsafe conditions. The recognition effect of falls from height accidents at construction sites is the focus of this research. Therefore, this paper revealed the major effect of an accident due to a fall from height from past researchers. The reported cases of accidents were investigated by the Malaysian Department for Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH) were reviewed. The finding of this paper indicates a time loss of project execution due to accident investigation was the major effect of the accident due to fall from height at construction sites and cost implication for hiring a new worker, training for a new employee and compensation for injury or settlement of death claims. Discoveries of this paper will enhance the construction industry to improve the performance and regulation of all construction projects in terms of safety.
Value Engineering Practices in The Libyan Construction Industry: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Elsonoki M M , Yunus R 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The current reconstruction of Libya infrastructure requires the implementation of Value Engineering (VE) in the Libyan Construction industry for minimization of waste and efficient use of available resources. The purpose of this paper is to present a preliminary findings on the assessment of the current VE practices and factors that could influence the adoption of VE in the Libyan Construction industry. This study uses a quantitative approach to achieve the objectives. A pilot test was conducted prior to conducting a Delphi study. This is to ensure that participants of Delphi study understand the questions they are required to answer. A total of thirty (30) respondents participated in the pilot test. The purpose of pilot study is to verify and validate the questionnaire form that will be used in the Delphi study. With some minor changes, the Delphi study was conducted in four (4) rounds with participation of 31 respondents. Then, the data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20. The Cronbach Alpha values of the variables are between 0.692 and 0.92. This result showed that the reliability test result is within the acceptable values. The sample size for the main survey was determined by using the Slovin’s formula. Using a simple random sampling technique, a total of 390 respondents were determined as the minimum sample size for this study.
Characterization of Surfaces Generated in Milling and Abrasive Water Jet of CFRP Using Wavelet Packet Transform
Authors: Pahuja Rishi , Ramulu M 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Polymer matrix composites find extensive application in aerospace and automotive industry. Although composites are molded to a near net shape, secondary machining such as hole-drilling and edge trimming is unavoidable. Conventional milling and Abrasive water jet are widely employed processes to cater the machining needs. Because of the nature of material-tool interaction, both the processes have their limitations resulting in machining induced damages such as matrix cracking, exit-delamination, fiber pull-outs, spring-back, interply delamination, striations, abrasive embedment, and kerf taper.
Surface roughness plays a pivotal role in determining the damage induced during the machining processes. Traditionally roughness parameters – average roughness (Ra) and ten-point average (Rz) are used to characterize the surfaces. Often, the use of cut-off wavelengths, governed by standards, result in poor distinguishability for machined surfaces of anisotropic materials such as polymer matrix composites (PMC). The insensitivity and poor distinction in certain cases leads to unsound judgment in characterizing the machining induced damage, and also in the selection of process parameters. This necessitates other methods and indicators that better identify the surface signature and correlate with the process parameters. In this study, a novel approach is proposed in which wavelet packet transform (WPT) is applied to the machined surface profiles. An indicator (ratio of wavelet packet energy and entropy) is defined to characterize the surface and better predict the surface quality as a function of machine tool, material and process variables. Regardless of the type of CFRP and machining process (AWJ and conventional milling), WPT indicator proved to be a better predictor of the machining process (R2 > 80%) when compared with Rz (R2 < 67%).
Injection Molding Study on the Strength of Weld Line for Polycarbonate and Carbon Fiber Composite Material
Authors: Chung Chen-Yuan , Yeh Chin-Chang , Lin Chia-Min 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In this study the polycarbonate (PC) and carbon fiber (CF) are used as the experimental materials to investigate the impact of injection molding process parameters on tensile strength of weld line using Taguchi method and response surface methodology. The experiments are conducted via 27 sets of parameter combinations designed based on carbon fiber content, melt temperature, mold temperature, injection speed, injection pressure, packing speed, and packing pressure. The process parameter combination with the highest tensile strength is identified using Taguchi method. Later on, the response surface methodology is used to establish the tensile strength predicting formula formed by process parameters in order to understand the correlation between process parameters and tensile strength. The experimental and analysis results indicate the melt temperature and mold temperature have the most significant impacts on tensile strength.
Influence of Bearing’s Flexibility on the Working of Cycloid Drive
Authors: Sinitsyna Y V , Ermolaev M M 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In this article are reviewed calculate method of force distribution with accounting bearing flexibility on cycloid reducer elements of the types KHV and 2KV. There are analyzed schemas such as gear without machining errors, with constant errors on the pins and with random errors from machining tolerance. Schemas of force distribution on the pins of the types KHV and 2KV are presented. Relation between bearings flexibility and force distribution on the pins are determined, and also relation between machining errors and force distribution on the pins. Advantages and disadvantages of various methods of load estimation in the reducer are elucidated, appliance of this methods for calculation of various types cycloid reducers are analyzed.
Predictive Manufacturing: Subtractive and Additive
Authors: Liang Steven Y. , Feng Yixuan , Ning Jinqiang 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Manufacturing is the key to today’s industrial competitiveness, and it is broadly classified into two categories, subtractive and additive. In current study, the ability to predictively model manufacturing performance attributes in both categories is introduced. In subtractive manufacturing, modeling of laser-assisted and ultrasonic vibration-assisted milling are presented. In laser-assisted milling, the laser preheating temperature field is predicted, and the dynamic recrystallization as well as grain growth triggered under high temperature is considered, which enhances the accuracy of force and residual stress prediction. In ultrasonic vibration-assisted milling, the intermittent effect is considered through tool-workpiece separation criteria. And the force reduction in ultrasonic vibration-assisted milling is accurately predicted. In additive manufacturing, laser-assisted metal additive manufacturing is introduced. And the predictive modeling of temperature field in powder bed metal additive manufacturing is presented. The model considers heat transfer boundary including heat loss from convection and radiation at the part boundary. Through the comparison between measured and calculated molten pool dimensions, the model is proven to have high computational efficiency and high prediction accuracy.