bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aqueous Synthetic Polymer Spraying Application for Mulching of Surface Soil for Revegetation of Critically Degraded Ex-Borrow Pit Area
Authors: Agusta H , Handoyo G C , Sari E , Aulia H 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Very low soil fertility status due to borrow pit exploitation was exposed at lower soil horizon layers. Soil among the sites was classified as critical soil type. The soil layer was at C-horizon, so that was classified as not “soil” in the agricultural term, but it was more grouped as still unweathered parent mater for processing in the soil formation. Suffering on surface vegetation biodiversity was found and revegetation action was an alternative method to restore the degraded soil. Legume cover crops were selected for ameliorating pioneer plants to improve soil and vegetation biodiversity step by step towards the effective regreening of environmental health and safety. An aqueous synthetic polymer was applied to spray the soil surface after planting the legume cover crops, whereas, after the water evaporation of the solution, a degradable thin film at the soil surface was left as a mulch for controlling the water evaporation from the soil surface for a long time for a few months. The mulch kept the soil moisture higher for the growth of the legume cover crops. Field application was succeeded in 2010-2011 at an ex-borrow pit area in Jambi. Additional topsoil, fertilizer, compost, and lime were mixed as supporting growth media. Mucuna bracteata was planted before the application of the aqueous synthetic polymers spraying. Aqueous synthetic polymer spraying application for mulching of surface soil was able to reclaim the critically degraded ex-borrow pit area for the start step, whereas the vegetation covering rate of the site increased from initially less than 1% to more than 90% after 10 months application.
Physicochemical properties of purple sweet potato flour fortified with legumes
Authors: Ambarsari I , Anomsari S D , Setyaningrum S C B 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The popularity of purple sweet potato continues to increase annually. Natural sweetness, attractive color, and high antioxidant were alleged as the main allurement of its products. Nevertheless, there are some lacks on the nutritional properties of purple sweet potatoes, such as low in protein and lipid. This shortcoming could lead to a serious malnutrition problem if there is no nutritional complement from another source. In this condition, fortification could serve as a strategy that addressed to improve the nutritional value of sweet potato products. As a source of protein and bioactive compounds, legumes are potential to be a carrier on the fortification process. This study was aimed to determine the physicochemical properties of sweet potato flour fortified with legumes. A completely randomized design with four fortification treatment was used, i.e. soybean, mungbean, cowpea, and without fortification as a control treatment. The results showed that among other legumes, soybean is the most effective carrier on fortification of sweet potato flours. Purple sweet potato flours that were fortified with 10% soybean have the highest nutritional properties, specifically protein (8.65%), lipid (3.02%), and amylose (32.09%). Legume fortification would also reduce the carbohydrate fraction and generated darker colors in the sweet potato flours.
Mocaf characteristic test of different varieties of cassava in Gunung Kidul
Authors: Dewi S S , Hastutik S T , Setiawan C K 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Cassava is one of the many crops developed in the Gunung Kidul to be used as food. There are many of varieties planted and characteristic are unknown of various cassava varieties, requires the need for research on the characteristics of nutrient content and physical properties, especially for Mocaf production. This research was arranged in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with single factor and consisting of 5 treatments, Kirik, Gambyong, Jawa, Gatotkaca, and Bamban varieties. Every treatment was repeated 3 times and every varieties was 9 months of harverst age. Observed variables include moisture content, protein, ash, starch, fiber, fat, carbohydrate, HCN, white color, organoleptic, and viscosity. The result showed that kind varieties of fresh cassava possess nutrient content and different physical properties. Bamban variety is the best quality for making Mocaf which is has the white color (91,53), HCN content of 18,10 ppm, starch content of 77,84 %, protein content of 1,11 %, and dietary fiber content of 9,04 %, but not yet meet the standards of SNI on HCN variables and the amount of starch.
Soil toxic elements evaluation and implementation of apple rejuvenation technology on dry land in Batu, East Java
Authors: Fanshuri B A , Wiratno T A , Banaty O , Sutopo  
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Apple is subtropical plant that well adapted in several regions in Indonesia. One of them is Batu city in East Java province. Nowadays, Batu city has a problem due to decreasing of apple area land, more than 16 % in the last decade. There are many factors, two of them are plant age and soil condition. Therefore, it was required a research to evaluate soil chemistry and implement apple rejuvenation technology on dry land. This research was conducted from May to December 2015 at five apple areas; Bumiaji, Tulungrejo, Sumbergondo, Punten and Bulukerto. A survey method was done to address first purpose. Soil sample was taken by purposive sampling method and was analyzed in laboratory to measure soil characteristics. Laboratory analysis showed soil metal content very low and under critical value. However, soil pH and organic matter content were not under ideal condition, strong to medium acid and 30 % of area were low organic content (< 2%). Second studied was implementation apple rejuvenation technologies on dry land; high quality seed, simple drip irrigation and soil amelioration.
Rapid and non-destructive prediction of total soluble solids of guava fruits at various storage periods using handheld near-infrared instrument
Authors: Kusumiyati  , Hadiwijaya Y , Putri I E , Mubarok S , Hamdani J S 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Guava fruit is one of the most popular horticulture products because it has various health benefits. Once fruit is harvested, the fruit is still carrying out the respiration process during storage which results in changes in physical and chemical properties. One of chemical properties that is concerned by consumers is the total soluble solids, which explain the rough sugar content. The study examined the use of handheld near-infrared instruments to predict the total soluble solids of guava fruit at various storage periods rapidly and non-destructively. The research method used in this study was multivariate data analysis. Spectra pre-treatments were applied to correct the spectra and increase the accuracy of prediction. Calibration model was done by partial least squares regression (PLSR) and principal component regression (PCR). The results showed that the use of handheld near-infrared instrument was able to predict the total soluble solids of guava fruit with high accuracy. The best calibration model was produced by PLSR calibration method integrated with orthogonal signal correction (OSC) spectra pre-processing technique.
Potential pest of high amylopectin and rich anthocyanin corn varieties
Authors: Nurkomar I , Setiawan A N , Khomeri F , Genesiska  
Published: April 2020

Abstract
As part of plant breeding activities, the resistance of cultivated plants to pest attacks is one of the characteristics that must be prioritized. This research was conducted to study the type of pest and their damage intensity as the first step in the breeding program of waxy corn and black corn. The study was carried out through field survey activity on a weekly observation starting from plants aged 1 to 12 weeks old after planting. The type of pest found was identified and the damage intensity was calculated. The type of pests found consisted of grasshoppers, thrips, stem borer, earworm, and rat as well. There was no difference in population size and damage intensity of all pests in two corn varieties. The population size and damage intensity of all pests were affected by the age of corn plant because each pest was attacked at different times either when the plants were in the vegetative or generative phase or both. Generally, the damage intensity of pest is still in the mild to moderate category. A monitoring activity needs to be conducted in the subsequent activity to obtain information on the development of these potential pest species and their populations size.
Use of ICT in agricultural extension services, Gedarif State, Sudan
Authors: Rahman A M A , Bashir H E E 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This study investigates the use of ICT in agricultural extension services in Gedarif State, Sudan. A field survey was used to collect data from 94 extension officers in the State in 2016/2017 growing season using the full count method. The collected data were statistically analyzed and interpreted using percentage, frequency distribution and chi-square test. The descriptive statistics showed that the majority of the respondents 72.3% used the ICT in their extension services given to farmers and the majority of them 93.6% reported that there are many constraints facing the use of ICT in agricultural extension services in the State. Chi-square test revealed that there was no significant association between ICT and constraints facing the use of them in the delivery of agriculture extension services to the targeted audience in the State. Thus, the authors recommend that the extension officers and farmers should be trained in the use of ICT and the constraints facing the use of ICT in the agricultural extension services in the State should be solved in collaboration with all partner organizations.
Application of geographic information system for mapping of Hevea brasiliensis and Aquilaria malaccensis land suitability at Simpang Kuta Buluh
Authors: Rahmawaty  , Rauf A , Batubara R , Frastika S 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Hevea brasiliensis and Aquilaria malaccensis were planted by the community because of its high economic value. The suitabilty land of Hevea brasiliensis and Aquilaria malaccensis in North Sumatra Province are important, especially in the agroforestry land that are often planted by the community. This study aimed to map the suitability of the land for Hevea brasiliensis and Aquilaria malaccensis in Simpang Kuta Buluh village, Sei Bingai Sub District, Langkat District, North Sumatra, Indonesia. The survey method was conducted to collect soil samples in the field. Land suitability classification (LSC) for Hevea brasiliensis and Aquilaria malaccensis was evaluated based on the matching method. The Geographic Information System (GIS) was used to map the land suitability. The results showed that the actual land suitability classes for Hevea brasiliensis in Simpang Kuta Buluh Village were moderately suitable (S2) (52,91%) and marginal suitable (S3) (47,09 %). The actual land suitability classes for Aquilaria malaccensis in Simpang Kuta Buluh Village also the same with Hevea brasiliensis, namely: S2 and S3. The limiting factors for Hevea brasiliensis namely: temperature (tc) and root zone medium (rc). The limiting factors for Aquilaria malaccensis namely: root zone medium (rc).
Benzyl amino purine enhances multiplication of Vanda tricolor protocorm like bodies
Authors: Rineksane I A , Saputra E W , Samidjo G S , Astuti A 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Vanda tricolor orchids are endemic to the slopes of Mount Merapi, Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia. The exploitation of Vanda tricolor out of its natural habitat by the community for collection or selling it outside the area has reduced the orchid population. Therefore, efforts should be carried out to improve technology to reproduce and regenerate Vanda tricolor orchids. The objective of this study was to determine the best type and concentration of cytokinin for the multiplication of Vanda tricolor Protocorm Like Bodies (PLBs). The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with single factor consisting of 7 treatments namely medium without cytokinin, BAP 0.5 mgL−1, BAP 1 mgL−1, TDZ 0.5 mgL−1, TDZ 1 mgL−1, Kinetin 0.5 mgL−1 and Kinetin 1 mgL−1. Parameters observed in this study were percentage of viable and abnormal explant, PLBs diameter, growth time of shoots and roots, number of explant sprouting and shoots. The data were analyzed by using The Analysis of Variance and further tested using Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at α 0.05. The results showed that BAP 0.5 mg / L was the best cytokinin for multiplication of Vanda tricolor PLBs as shown by the parameters the diameters of PLBs (1.83 mm) and the number of shoots (2.6 shoots).
Utilization of rose flower extract as antioxidant rich-drink
Authors: Saati E A , Ramadhan A H , Lutfi M , Wahyudi V A , Manshur H A 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Rose flower extract containing high levels of anthocyanin pigment has the potential to be further processed into healthy functional drinks. The addition of natural flavor to the production process is expected to improve the sensory and functional aspects of this rose extract-based drink. The research was aimed to study the effect of natural flavor addition at various concentration on pH, total dissolved solids, color intensity, sensory quality, total anthocyanin levels, and antioxidant activity of rose extract-based drink. Rose filtrate was obtained by maceration method using water solvent. The added natural flavors were mint leaves, ginger and lemon juice, with concentration levels of 1.5% (b/v), 3% and 4% (v/v). Antioxidant activity and anthocyanin levels were determined using the DPPH and pH difference methods, respectively. Sensory quality was determined using hedonic rating test with test parameters of taste and flavour. The results showed that different types and concentrations of natural flavors significantly affected the pH, redness and yellowish level of rose extract-based drink. The addition of natural flavors significantly enhanced its antioxidant activity. While the concentration of natural flavor only affected its total dissolved solids. The increase in total anthocyanin content of rose juice extract due to the addition of mint leaves is 46.48%, ginger is 34.50% and lemon is 16.70%. Based on the results, the best treatment was shown by rose extract-based drink with the addition of 3% of mint leaves given the antioxidant activity of 84.44%, brightness (L) of 35.30, redness (a +) of 8.00, yellowness (b +) of 4.60, pH value of 3.45, total dissolved solids of 21.17 ° Brix, total anthocyanin level of 12.14 mg/L, taste score of 3.20 (quite tasty) and flavor score of 3.27 (quite like).
Influences of soil creatures toward aboveground Arthropods in environmentally friendly rice field
Authors: Trisnawati D W , Yasuda H 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Environmentally friendly farming is the most encouraging approach to beat the negative impacts of conventional farming on the ecosystem. To determine the effect of different histories of environmentally friendly rice fields on the interaction between soil creatures and biodiversity of aboveground arthropods, the researchers conducted studies in 5 and 20 years old of environmentally friendly rice fields. The investigation was conducted to find out the impacts of soil creatures on the number of aboveground arthropods by estimating the activity of soil creatures, nutrient contents, and abundance of arthropods. The research was hypothesized that long histories of living matters in the environmentally friendly rice field are supposed to rise soil microbial denitrification and N immobilization, adequately increment the plant N contents and arthropods abundance. The results showed that 20 years of environmentally friendly rice fields improved the abundance of soil creatures, biomass of soil microbial C and N, soil nutrition, and these effects indirectly improved the abundance of aboveground arthropods. This investigation recommends that environmentally friendly rice fields improve the interactions among soil creatures and the aboveground ecological community accordingly may accomplish supportability of the rice field framework.
Effect of alginate based edible coating enriched with vanilla essential oil on shelf-life of fresh-cut red pitaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus)
Authors: Utama N A , Setiawan C K , Fajri I 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Start The research aimed to find out the best concentration from various vanilla essential oil concentration as an antimicrobial agent to inhibit the growth of microbial decomposition and maintain shelf-life of fresh-cut red Pitaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus). The experiment was designed with Completely Randomized Design using four treatments as follows: 1) vanilla essential oil 0%, 2) vanilla essential oil 0.1% 3) vanilla essential oil 0.3% and 4) vanilla essential oil 0.6%. The result indicated that vanilla essential oil 0,6% was able to inhibit fresh-cut red Pitaya’s fungal decomposition. The concentration of vanilla essential oil 0,6% could maintain physical quality (weight loss and firmness), chemical (titratable acidity and total soluble solids content) and sensory analysis on fresh-cut Red Pitaya. Edible coating alginate and vanilla essential oil were able to maintain the quality of fresh-cut red Pitaya up to 9 days.
Excess nitrate induces nodule greening and reduces transcript and protein expression levels of soybean leghaemoglobins
Authors: Du Mengke , Gao Zhi , Li Xinxin , Liao Hong 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background and Aims
Efficient biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) requires leghaemoglobin (Lb) to modulate oxygen pressure in nodules. Excess N supply severely inhibits BNF through effects on Lb during nodulation. As yet, a systematic identification and characterization of Lb-encoding genes in soybean has not been reported.

Methods
The effects of N on BNF were studied in soybean plants inoculated with rhizobia and exposed to excess or low N availability in hydroponic cultures. To identify soybean Lb proteins, BLAST searches were performed on the Phytozome website. Bioinformatic analysis of identified GmLbs was then carried out to investigate gene structure, protein homology and phylogenetic relationships. Finally, quantitative real-time PCR was employed to analyse the expression patterns of soybean Lb genes in various tissues and in response to high N availability.

Key Results
Excess N significantly accelerated nodule senescence and the production of green Lb in nodules. In total, seven haemoglobin (Hb) genes were identified from the soybean genome, with these Hb genes readily split into two distinct clades containing predominantly symbiosis-associated or non-symbiotic Hb members. Expression analysis revealed that all of the symbiosis-associated Lbs except GmLb5 were specifically expressed in nodules, while the non-symbiotic GmHbs, GmHb1 and GmHb2, were predominantly expressed in leaves and roots, respectively. Among identified GmLbs, GmLb1–4 are the major Lb genes acting in soybean nodulation, and each one is also significantly suppressed by exposure to excess N.

Conclusions
Taken together, the results show that excess N inhibits BNF by reducing nodule formation, Lb concentration and nitrogenase activity. The characteristics of the entire Hb family were analysed, and we found that GmLb1–4 are closely associated with nodule development and N2 fixation. This works forms the basis for further investigations of the role of Lbs in soybean nodulation.
The role of selection in the evolution of blindness in cave fish
Authors: Wilkens Horst 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe forces driving regression of biologically functionless traits remain disputed. There is ongoing debate regarding whether selection, as opposed to disuse and neutral mutations, is involved in this process. Cave species are of particular relevance for study in this regard because in continuous darkness all traits that depend on information from light, such as eyes, dark pigmentation and certain behaviours, abruptly lose their function. Recently, strong selection driving reduction has again been proposed, which relied on modelling analyses based on assumptions such as immigration of surface alleles into the cave forms or no fitness difference existing between Astyanax surface and cave fish. The validity of these assumptions, often applied to reject neutral processes in functionless traits, is questioned in this review. Morphological variation in a trait resulting from genetic variability is typical of biologically functionless traits and is particularly notable in phylogenetically young cave species. It is the most evident indicator of loss of selection, which normally enforces uniformity to guarantee optimal functionality. Phenotypic and genotypic variability in Astyanax cave fish eyes does not derive from genetic introgression by the surface form, but from regressive mutations not being eliminated by selection. This matches well with the principles of Kimura’s neutral theory of molecular evolution.
Live Facial Recognition: Trust and Legitimacy as Predictors of Public Support for Police Use of New Technology
Authors: Bradford Ben , Yesberg Julia A , Jackson Jonathan , Dawson Paul 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Facial recognition technology is just one of a suite of new digital tools police and other security providers around the world are adopting in an effort to function more safely and efficiently. This paper reports results from a major new London-based study exploring public responses to Live Facial Recognition (LFR): a technology that enables police to carry out real-time automated identity checks in public spaces. We find that public trust and legitimacy are important factors predicting the acceptance or rejection of LFR. Crucially, trust and, particularly, legitimacy seem to serve to alleviate privacy concerns about police use of this technology. In an era where police use of new technologies is only likely to increase, especially as the Covid-19 global pandemic develops, these findings have important implications for police–public relations and how the ‘public voice’ is fed into debates.
The Spectacle of Helen in Euripides’Helenand Marlowe’sDoctor Faustus
Authors: Dixon Dustin W. , Garrison John S. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis essay traces a line of thought through post-Homeric receptions of Helen, taking as its primary case studies Euripides’ Helen and Christopher Marlowe’s Doctor Faustus. Both plays feature Helen as a figure for articulating the phenomenological challenges that audiences face when viewing mimetic art on the stage. This essay argues that these profoundly metatheatrical plays use scenes of characters’ seeing the distinctive beauty of Helen to compare the power of theatrical spectacle to witnessing the supernatural.