bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
From emotional exhaustion to cynicism in academic burnout among Korean high school students: Focusing on the mediation effects of hatred of academic work
Authors: Lee Minyoung , Lee Kyeong‐Joo , Lee Sang M. , Cho Soohyun 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the effect of academic hatred, referring to the hatred of academic work, on the developmental process of the core dimensions of academic burnout, namely, emotional exhaustion and cynicism. Data were collected from 1015 (57.3% female) senior high school students in South Korea. The results showed that emotional exhaustion, cynicism and academic hatred were stable across three waves. An autoregressive cross‐lagged model showed that emotional exhaustion was predictive of future academic hatred, which in turn was associated with future cynicism. Significant mediation pathways were also identified, with academic hatred mediating the longitudinal link between emotional exhaustion and cynicism. This longitudinal study can strengthen the understanding of academic hatred within the developmental process of academic burnout. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.
Just urban transitions: Toward a research agenda
Authors: Hughes Sara , Hoffmann Matthew 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWhile there are excellent policy and academic foundations for thinking about and making sense of urban climate action and questions of justice and climate change independently, there is less work that considers their intersection. The nature and dynamics of, and requirements for, a just urban transition (JUT)—the fusion of climate action and justice concerns at the urban scale—are not well understood. In this review article we seek to rectify this by first examining the different strains of justice scholarship (environmental, energy, climate, urban) that are informing and should inform JUT. We then turn to a discussion of just transitions in general, tracing the history of the term and current understandings in the literature. These two explorations provide a foundation for considering both scholarly and policy‐relevant JUT agendas. We identify what is still needed to know in order to recognize, study, and foster JUT.This article is categorized under:
The Carbon Economy and Climate Mitigation > Benefits of Mitigation
Climate, Nature, and Ethics > Climate Change and Global Justice
Modular orbits at higher genus
Authors: Robbins Daniel , Vandermeulen Thomas 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
We extend the modular orbits method of constructing a two-dimensional orbifold conformal field theory to higher genus Riemann surfaces. We find that partition functions on surfaces of arbitrary genus can be constructed by a straightforward generalization of the rules that one would apply to the torus. We demonstrate how one can use these higher genus objects to compute correlation functions and OPE coefficients in the underlying theory. In the case of orbifolds of free bosonic theories by subgroups of continuous symmetries, we can give the explicit results of our procedure for symmetric and asymmetric orbifolds by cyclic groups.
First attempt success of video versus direct laryngoscopy for endotracheal intubation by ambulance nurses: a prospective observational study
Authors: Breeman Wim , Van Vledder Mark G. , Verhofstad Michael H. J. , Visser Albert , Van Lieshout Esther M. M. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this study was to compare the rate of first attempt success of endotracheal intubation performed by ambulance nurses in patients with a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS)  of 3 using video laryngoscopy versus direct laryngoscopy.

Methods
A prospective cohort study was conducted in a single, independent ambulance service. Twenty of a total of 65 nurse-staffed ambulances were equipped with a video laryngoscope; a classic direct laryngoscope (Macintosh) was available on all 65 ambulances. The primary outcome was first attempt success of the intubation. Secondary outcomes were overall success, time needed for intubation, adverse events, technical or environmental issues encountered, and return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). Ambulance nurses were asked if the intubation device had affected the outcome of the intubation.

Results
The first attempt success rate in the video laryngoscopy group [53 of 93 attempts (57%)] did not differ from that in the direct laryngoscopy group [61 of 126 (48%); p = 0.221]. However, the second attempt success rate was higher in the video laryngoscopy group [77/93 (83%) versus 80/126 (63%), p = 0.002]. The median time needed for the intubation (53 versus 56 s) was similar in both groups. Ambulance nurses more often expected a positive effect when performing endotracheal intubation with a video laryngoscope (n = 72, 81%) compared with a direct laryngoscope (n = 49, 52%; p < 0.001).

Conclusion
Although no significant effect on the first attempt success was found, video laryngoscopy did increase the overall success rate. Ambulance nurses had a more positive valuation of the video laryngoscope with respect to success chances.
A long-term unit commitment problem with hydrothermal coordination for economic and emission control in large-scale electricity systems
Authors: Franz Alexander , Rieck Julia , Zimmermann Jürgen 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe paper describes a long-term scheduling problem for thermal power plants and energy storages. In addition, renewable energy sources are integrated by considering the residual demand. Besides the classical minimization of the production costs, emission-related costs are taken into account. Thereby, emission costs are determined by market prices for $$\hbox {CO}_2$$CO2 emission certificates (i.e., using the EU emissions trading system). For the proposed unit commitment problem with hydrothermal coordination for economic and emission control, an enhanced mixed-integer linear programming model is presented. Moreover, a new heuristic approach is developed, which consists of two solution stages. The heuristic first performs an isolated dispatching of thermal plants. Then, a re-optimization stage is included in order to embed activities of energy storages into the final solution schedule. The considered approach is able to find outstanding schedules for benchmark instances with a planning horizon of up to one year. Furthermore, promising results are also obtained for large-scale real-world electricity systems. For the German electricity market, the relationship of $$\hbox {CO}_2$$CO2 certificate prices and the optimal thermal dispatch is illustrated by a comprehensive sensitivity analysis.
Regulation of the abundance of Y-family polymerases in the cell cycle of budding yeast in response to DNA damage
Authors: Sobolewska Aleksandra , Halas Agnieszka , Plachta Michal , McIntyre Justyna , Sledziewska-Gojska Ewa 
Published: February 2020

AbstractY-family DNA polymerases mediate DNA damage tolerance via translesion synthesis (TLS). Because of the intrinsically error-prone nature of these enzymes, their activities are regulated at several levels. Here, we demonstrate the common regulation of the cellular abundance of Y-family polymerases, polymerase eta (Pol eta), and Rev1, in response to DNA damage at various stages of the cell cycle. UV radiation influenced polymerase abundance more when cells were exposed in S-phase than in G1- or G2-phases. We noticed two opposing effects of UV radiation in S-phase. On one hand, exposure to increasing doses of UV radiation at the beginning of this phase increasingly delayed S-phase progression. As a result, the accumulation of Pol eta and Rev1, which in nonirradiated yeast is initiated at the S/G2-phase boundary, was gradually shifted into the prolonged S-phase. On the other hand, the extent of polymerase accumulation was inversely proportional to the dose of irradiation, such that the accumulation was significantly lower after exposure to 80 J/m2 in S-phase than after exposure to 50 J/m2 or 10 J/m2. The limitation of polymerase accumulation in S-phase-arrested cells in response to high UV dose was suppressed upon RAD9 (but not MRC1) deletion. Additionally, hydroxyurea, which activates mainly the Mrc1-dependent checkpoint, did not limit Pol eta or Rev1 accumulation in S-phase-arrested cells. The results show that the accumulation of Y-family TLS polymerases is limited in S-phase-arrested cells due to high levels of DNA damage and suggest a role of the Rad9 checkpoint protein in this process.
Sentinel node tumor burden in prediction of prognosis in melanoma patients
Authors: Palve Johanna , Ylitalo Leea , Luukkaala Tiina , Jernman Juha , Korhonen Niina 
Published: February 2020

AbstractRecent data have demonstrated no survival benefit to immediate completion lymph node dissection (CLND) for positive sentinel node (SN) disease in melanoma. It is important to identify parameters in positive SNs, which predict prognosis in melanoma patients. These might provide prognostic value in staging systems and risk models by guiding high-risk patients’ adjuvant therapy in clinical practice. In this retrospective study of university hospital melanoma database we analyzed tumor burden and prognosis in patients with positive SNs. Patients were stratified by the diameter of tumor deposit, distribution of metastatic focus in SN, ulceration and number of metastatic SNs. These were incorporated in Cox proportional hazard regression models. Predictive ability was assessed using Akaike information criterion and Harrell’s concordance index. A total of 110 patients had positive SN and 104 underwent CLND. Twenty-two (21%) patients had non-SN metastatic disease on CLND. The 5-year melanoma specific survival for CLND-negative patients was 5.00 years (IQR 3.23–5.00, range 0.72–5.00) compared to 3.69 (IQR 2.28–4.72, range 1.01–5.00) years in CLND-positive patients (HR 2.82 (95% CI 1.17–6.76, p = 0.020).The models incorporating distribution of metastatic focus and the largest tumor deposit in SN had highest predictive ability. According to Cox proportional hazard regression models, information criterions and c-index, the diameter of tumor deposit > 4 mm with multifocal location in SN despite of number of metastatic SN were the most important parameters. According to the diameter of tumor deposit and distribution of metastatic focus in SN, adequate stratification of positive SN patients was possible and risk classes for patients were identified.
The recent deposition of laminated sediments in highly eutrophic Lake Kierskie, western Poland: 1 year pilot study of limnological monitoring and sediment traps
Authors: Apolinarska Karina , Pleskot Krzysztof , Pełechata Aleksandra , Migdałek Michał , Siepak Marcin , Pełechaty Mariusz 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAccurate lake sediment-derived palaeoenvironmental reconstructions require in-depth knowledge on sediment record formation processes. In order to understand formation of laminated sediments in the eutrophic Lake Kierskie (western Poland) we conducted a year-round (November 2015–October 2016), monthly sediment trap study along with physico-chemical water properties, water transparency, hardness, alkalinity, nutrients and solute content, trophic state indices, and the phytoplankton assemblage monitoring. Sedimentation in Lake Kierskie primarily resulted from the activity of photosynthetic organisms. The maxima of biogenic silica accumulation were synchronous with the bloom of centric diatoms observed in March and April. These were followed by the most intensive precipitation of CaCO3 noted between mid-April and mid-June, that corroborated with the domination of Stephanodiscus hantzschii and small flagellate forms acting as nucleation sites for crystal formation. At the same time shift from the diatom-dominated assemblages to the communities composed of chlorophytes, cryptophytes, and dinoflagellates, the groups with cellulose external covering, resulted in decreased proportion between SiO2 and organic matter. CaCO3 precipitation continued in the summer months, however its amount decreased simultaneously with a drop in S. hantzschii biomass. The significant overall flux of biogenically mediated materials from epilimnion was promoted by eutrophic towards hypertrophic conditions in Lake Kierskie revealed by the trophic state indices. Mixing of the water column in autumn triggered resuspension and redeposition of the previously deposited sediments resulting in the second, after the early spring, maximum sediment flux. Minima of sediment accumulation were observed during the winter water stratification when the smallest particles sedimented from suspension. The sediment flux to the lake bottom recorded by us in a 1-year, monthly sediment trap study matches a sequence of pale, whitish lamina deposited during spring and summer, followed by dark, grayish or black lamina deposited in the autumn and winter, observed in the macroscopic investigation of the short (0.5 m) core from Lake Kierskie. Preservation of distinct laminations in the dimictic Lake Kierskie is supported by anoxic hypolimnion developed under the high supply of organic matter from epilimnion of this highly eutrophic lake.
Efficient oil/saltwater separation using a highly permeable and fouling-resistant all-inorganic nanocomposite membrane
Authors: Elshorafa Rand , Saththasivam Jayaprakash , Liu Zhaoyang , Ahzi Said 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAlthough it is still a great challenge, developing oil-/water-separating membranes that combine the advantages of high separation efficiency, salty environments tolerance, and fouling resistance are highly demanded for marine oil spill cleanups and oil-/gas-produced water treatment. Here, we report a new type of all-inorganic nanostructured membrane, which is composed of titanate nanofibers and SiO2particulate gel for efficient and stable oil/saltwater separation. The nanoporous and interconnected network structure constructed with titanate nanofibers is the key to ensure the high separation efficiency and high water flux of the new membrane. The SiO2gel is used as a binder to offer mechanical flexibility and integrity for this type of all-inorganic membrane. The new membrane displays a high oil/water separation efficiency of above 99.5% with oil content in treated effluent lower than US environmental discharge standards (42 ppm) and high water permeation flux of 1600 LMH/bar under low operation pressure. The new membrane also demonstrates outstanding durability in the environment of different salinities, and it has a good resistance for oil fouling due to its excellent underwater superoleophobicity with an oil contact angle above 150 °. Most importantly, the underwater superoleophobic properties can be well maintained after being repeatedly reused. The excellent environmental durability, oil-fouling resistance, high separation efficiency, and facile fabrication process for this new type of membrane render great potential for industrial application in treating produced water.
Silicon mediated improvement in agronomic traits, physiological parameters and fiber content in Oryza sativa
Authors: Dorairaj Deivaseeno , Ismail Mohd Razi , Sinniah Uma Rani , Tan Kar Ban 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSilicon, a quasi-essential element that is often associated with rigidity and hardiness is an alleviator of biotic and abiotic stresses. Lodging affects the ability of plants especially cereal plants such as rice, Oryza sativa to grow upright, thus reducing yield and increasing harvesting costs. Bending or lodging resistance could be increased by strengthening the rice culm. Here, we tested stage and method of silicon application, each with three levels of treatments to find the right combination to enhance yield and lodging resistance in MR219, a popular rice variety in Malaysia. Application of silicon at the onset of reproductive stage via topdressing improved agronomic and physiological parameters. Plants applied with Si at the reproductive stage by means of topdressing showed a significantly higher leaf area. Number of tillers, weight per panicle and weight of 100 grains were significantly higher when silicon was applied as topdressing at the reproductive stage. Number of spikelets per panicle was significantly higher when silicon was supplied as topdressing or soil incorporation. Percentage of filled spikelets was significantly higher when silicon supplementation was done as topdressing at either reproductive or maturity stages. Mode of application which favoured the increase in soluble lignin and neutral detergent fiber was topdressing and soil incorporation. Meanwhile, cellulose and acid detergent lignin was highest when silicon was applied at the reproductive and maturity stages. Application of silicon at the reproductive stage by means of topdressing was effective in improving growth, yield and stem strength of the rice plant since the method has higher retention time and has residual effect. Foliar application was deemed unsuitable as it can only be applied in minimal amount while showing a temporary effect.
Implementation of artificial intelligence and non-contact infrared thermography for prediction and personalized automatic identification of different stages of cellulite
Authors: Bauer Joanna , Hoq Md Nazmul , Mulcahy John , Tofail Syed A. M. , Gulshan Fahmida , Silien Christophe , Podbielska Halina , Akbar Md. Mostofa 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Cellulite is a common physiological condition of dermis, epidermis, and subcutaneous tissues experienced by 85 to 98% of the post-pubertal females in developed countries. Infrared (IR) thermography combined with artificial intelligence (AI)-based automated image processing can detect both early and advanced cellulite stages and open up the possibility of reliable diagnosis. Although the cellulite lesions may have various levels of severity, the quality of life of every woman, both in the physical and emotional sphere, is always an individual concern and therefore requires patient-oriented approach.

Objectives
The purpose of this work was to elaborate an objective, fast, and cost-effective method for automatic identification of different stages of cellulite based on IR imaging that may be used for prescreening and personalization of the therapy.

Materials and methods
In this study, we use custom-developed image preprocessing algorithms to automatically select cellulite regions and combine a total of 9 feature extraction methods with 9 different classification algorithms to determine the efficacy of cellulite stage recognition based on thermographic images taken from 212 female volunteers aged between 19 and 22.

Results
A combination of histogram of oriented gradients (HOG) and artificial neural network (ANN) enables determination of all stages of cellulite with an average accuracy higher than 80%. For primary stages of cellulite, the average accuracy achieved was more than 90%.

Conclusions
The implementation of computer-aided, automatic identification of cellulite severity using infrared imaging is feasible for reliable diagnosis. Such a combination can be used for early diagnosis, as well as monitoring of cellulite progress or therapeutic outcomes in an objective way. IR thermography coupled to AI sets the vision towards their use as an effective tool for complex assessment of cellulite pathogenesis and stratification, which are critical in the implementation of IR thermographic imaging in predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine (PPPM).
Migration and Household Adaptation in Climate-Sensitive Hotspots in South Asia
Authors: Maharjan Amina , de Campos Ricardo Safra , Singh Chandni , Das Shouvik , Srinivas Arjun , Bhuiyan Mohammad Rashed Alam , Ishaq Sultan , Umar Muhammad Awais , Dilshad Tanzina , Shrestha Krity , Bhadwal Suruchi , Ghosh Tuhin , Suckall Natalie , Vincent Katharine 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Purpose of Review
South Asia is highly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change, owing to the high dependency on climate-sensitive livelihoods and recurrent extreme events. Consequently, an increasing number of households are adopting labour migration as a livelihood strategy to diversify incomes, spread risks, and meet aspirations. Under the Collaborative Adaptation Research Initiative in Africa and Asia (CARIAA) initiative, four research consortia have investigated migration patterns and their inherent linkages to adaptation to climate change in climate hotspots. This article synthesizes key findings in regional context of South Asia.

Recent Findings
The synthesis suggests that in climate-sensitive hotspots, migration is an important livelihood diversification strategy and a response to various risks, including climate change. Typically, one or more household members, often young men, migrated internally or internationally to work in predominantly informal sectors. Remittances helped spatially diversify household income, spread risks, and insure against external stressors. The outcomes of migration are often influenced by who moves, where to, and what capacities they possess.

Summary
Migration was found to help improve household adaptive capacity, albeit in a limited capacity. Migration was mainly used as a response to risk and uncertainty, but with potential to have positive adaptation co-benefits.
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) – ein Marker in der Diagnostik der Sarkoidose
Authors: Zulauf N. , Passek K. , Wanke E. , Oremek G. M. 
Published: February 2020

ZusammenfassungDie Bestimmung von ACE im Serum oder Heparinplasma stellt einen wesentlichen Bestandteil der Diagnostik, Verlaufskontrolle und Therapieüberwachung von benignen Lungenerkrankungen dar. ACE ist ein Marker, der bei Sarkoidose wertvolle Aussagen zur Diagnosefindung ermöglicht. Hier zeichnet er sich durch hohe Sensitivität und Spezifität aus.
Responsible Innovation and Climate Engineering. A Step Back to Technology Assessment
Authors: Stelzer Harald 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMuch in Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI) is part of a participatory turn within the Technology Assessment (TA) and Science and Technology Studies (STS) community. This has an influence also on the evaluation of Climate Engineering (CE) options, as it will be shown by reference to the SPICE project. The SPICE example and the call for democratisation of science and innovation raise some interesting concerns for the normative evaluation of CE options that will be addressed in the paper. It is by far not clear, or so it will be argued, how much of the innovation process of CE technologies should be put in the hands of social actors and the wider public. This is due not only to special features about CE technologies but also to some more principle concerns against some features of participatory RRI approaches. Still, this does by no way mean that ethical and societal issues in the context of CE technologies should be ignored. Rather, the paper will argue that one can take a step back to expert TA linked to the evolution of approaches of ethical impact analysis in this area. This does not only lead to reconsider the emphasis on participation and democratisation of research and innovation, but also opens up for an alternative evaluative framework for CE technologies developed in the last part of the paper.