bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of Bacterial Aetiogenicity of Pigment Gall Stones by Culture of Nidus of Calculus and correlation between Stone Culture and Bile Culture
Authors: Shiekh Mahmood Rashid , Sheera Tahleel , Rashid Sheikh Aamir , Sheera Altaf Hussain , Ahmad Junaid 
Published: November 2020

Background: Calculus disease of biliary tract is a major public health problem in north Kashmir and pigment gall stones form a significant portion of gall stones in our region. In this study we prospectively studied 84 cases of pigment gall stones to examine the role of bacteria in the formation of these stones.
Objective: To study the bacterial aetiology of pigment gall stones.
Methods: A hospital based prospective study of 84 consecutive cases of pigment gall stones was done from December 2012 to November 2019 and the results of stone culture and bile culture were statistically analysed. Informed consent was obtained from all the patients in the study group.
Results: A total of 84 cases studied included 32 (38.09%) male patients and 52(61.91%) females patients. The median age was 48.5 years and mean age was 46.2 years. Of 84 patients, 21(25.00%) had black pigment stones and 63 (75.00%) had brown pigment stones. 61 (72.62%) patients presented with biliary colic and 24(28.57%) patients had chronic cholecystitis . Bile culture was positive in 46 (54.76%) patients and stone culture was positive in 70(83.33%) patients.
Conlusion: A strong association was observed between stone culture and bile culture results (showing similar beta-glucronidase producing bacteria) and pigment stone formation.
Bevacizumab Plus FOLFOX-4 Combined With Deep Electro-Hyperthermia as First-line Therapy in Metastatic Colon Cancer: A Pilot Study
Authors: Ranieri Girolamo , Laface Carmelo , Laforgia Mariarita , De Summa Simona , Porcelli Mariangela , Macina Francesco , Ammendola Michele , Molinari Pasquale , Lauletta Gianfranco , Di Palo Alessandra , Rubini Giuseppe , Ferrari Cristina , Gadaleta Cosmo Damiano 
Published: November 2020

Bevacizumab plus FOLFOX-4 regimen represents the first-line therapy in patients affected by metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Hyperthermia has been considered an effective ancillary treatment for cancer therapy through several anti-tumor mechanisms, sharing with Bevacizumab the inhibition of angiogenesis. Up to now, scientific literature offers very few clinical data on the combination of bevacizumab plus oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy with deep electro-hyperthermia (DEHY) for metastatic colon cancer (mCC) patients. Therefore, we aimed at evaluating the efficacy of this combination based on the possible interaction between the DEHY and bevacizumab anti-tumor mechanisms. We conducted a retrospective analysis on 40 patients affected by mCC treated with the combination of bevacizumab plus FOLFOX-4 (fluorouracil/folinic acid plus oxaliplatin) and DEHY (EHY2000), between January 2017 and May 2020. DEHY treatment was performed weekly, with capacitive electrodes at 80–110 W for 50 min, during and between subsequent bevacizumab administrations, on abdomen for liver or abdominal lymph nodes metastases and thorax for lung metastases. Treatment response assessment was performed according to the Response Evaluation Criteria for Solid Tumors (RECIST). The primary endpoints were disease control rate (DCR) and progression-free survival (PFS). The secondary endpoint was overall survival (OS). DCR, counted as the percentage of patients who had the best response rating [complete response (CR), partial response (PR), or stable disease (SD)], was assessed at 90 days (timepoint-1) and at 180 days (timepoint-2). DCR was 95% and 89.5% at timepoint-1 and timepoint-2, respectively. The median PFS was 12.1 months, whereas the median OS was 21.4 months. No major toxicity related to DEHY was registered; overall, this combination regimen was safe. Our results suggest that the combined treatment of DEHY with bevacizumab plus FOLFOX-4 as first-line therapy in mCC is feasible and effective with a favorable disease control, prolonging PFS of 2.7 months with respect to standard treatment without DEHY for mCC patients. Further studies will be required to prove its merit and explore its potentiality, especially if compared to conventional treatment.
Spinal cord injury without radiologic abnormalities in a 4-years old boy
Authors: Laminou Sani Madjiri , Assoumane Ibrahim , Harissou Adamou , Samuila Sanoussi , Habibou Abarchi , Mahmoud Smida 
Published: November 2020

In this study, we describe a 4-year-old boy with a head, cervical, and left shoulder injury following the reception of a heavy metallic door on his left side that resulted in SCIWORA.
SCWORA is defined as spinal cord injury without x rays or CT scans lesions but can be detectable on RMI scans. SCIWORA follows trauma, sometimes trivial. The management consists of immobilization and nursing. The clinician should be aware of this entity. We are reporting the management of a four years old boy.
Craniopharyngioma and arteriovenous malformation operated using the same craniotomy
Authors: Eren Burak , Karagoz Guzey Feyza , Gulec Ilker 
Published: November 2020

Craniopharyngiomas (CPs) are rare benign epithelial tumours. Brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are also rare lesions occurring in young adults. The appearance of both these lesions in the same patient is rare. A 42-year-old patient presented with headaches for 3 months and a progressive decrease in his visual acuity. Bitemporal hemianopsia was detected in the visual field. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a tumour with cystic and solid components located in the suprasellar region and AVM in the right temporal lobe. AVM (Martin–Spetzler grade III) was visualised using digital subtract angiography (DSA), which was fed from the right middle cerebral artery and drained through the sigmoid sinus via the inferior petrosal sinus. The patient was operated with enlarged right frontotemporal craniotomy. AVM nidus was totally removed at the first operation. Embolisation was not preferred before the AVM surgery. After 3 days, sylvian dissection was performed using the same craniotomy. The tumour was completely removed via the carotid cistern by making sharp dissection from the infundibulum. Post-operatively, the patient showed normal neurological examination and significant improvement in his visual field examination. There was no residual/recurrent tumour or AVM on contrast-enhanced MRI and DSA at post-operative 6 months. Histopathological examination revealed AVM in the first operative material and papillary-type CP in the second. The coexistence of these two rare pathologies has previously been reported in only one patient. This is the first case of surgical resection of CP and AVM using the same craniotomy.
Timing of GP end-of-life recognition in people aged ≥75 years: retrospective cohort study using data from primary healthcare records in England
Authors: Stow Daniel , Matthews Fiona E , Hanratty Barbara 
Published: November 2020

BackgroundHigh-quality, personalised palliative care should be available to all, but timely recognition of end of life may be a barrier to end-of-life care for older people.AimTo investigate the timing of end-of-life recognition, palliative registration, and the recording of end-of-life preferences in primary care for people aged ≥75 years.Design and settingRetrospective cohort study using national primary care record data, covering 34% of GP practices in England.MethodResearchOne data from electronic healthcare records (EHRs) of people aged ≥75 years who died in England between 1 January 2015 and 1 January 2016 were examined. Clinical codes relating to end-of-life recognition, palliative registration, and end-of-life preferences were extracted, and the number of months that elapsed between the code being entered and death taking place were calculated. The timing for each outcome and proportion of relevant EHRs were reported.ResultsDeath was recorded for a total of 13 149 people in ResearchOne data during the 1-year study window. Of those, 6303 (47.9%) records contained codes suggesting end of life had been recognised at a point in time prior to the month of death. Recognition occurred ≥12 months before death in 2248 (17.1%) records. In total, 1659 (12.6%) people were on the palliative care register and 457 (3.5%) were on the register for ≥12 months before death; 2987 (22.7%) records had a code for the patient’s preferred place of care, and 1713 (13.0%) had a code for the preferred place of death. Where preferences for place of death were recorded, a care, nursing, or residential home (n = 813, 47.5%) and the individual’s home (n = 752, 43.9%) were the most common.ConclusionEnd-of-life recognition in primary care appears to occur near to death and for only a minority of people aged ≥75 years. The findings suggest that older people’s deaths may not be anticipated by health professionals, compromising equitable access to palliative care.
Variability in size and characteristics of primary care networks in England: observational study
Authors: Morciano Marcello , Checkland Katherine , Hammond Jonathan , Lau Yiu-Shing , Sutton Matt 
Published: November 2020

BackgroundGeneral practices in England have been encouraged by national policy to work together on a larger scale by creating primary care networks (PCNs). Policy guidance recommended that they should serve populations of 30 000–50 000 people to perform effectively.AimTo describe variation in the size and characteristics of PCNs and their populations.Design and settingCross-sectional analysis in England.MethodUsing published information from January 2020, PCNs were identified that contained <30 000, between 30 000–50 000, and >50 000 people. Percentiles were calculated to describe variation in size and population characteristics. PCN composition within each commissioning region was also examined.ResultsIn total, 6758 practices had formed 1250 PCNs. Seven hundred and twenty-six (58%) PCNs had the recommended population of 30 000–50 000 people. Eighty-four (7%) PCNs contained <30 000 people. Four hundred and forty (35%) PCNs contained >50 000 people. Thirty-four (3%) PCNs comprised just one practice and 77 (6%) PCNs contained >10 practices. Some PCNs contained more than double the proportions of older people and people with chronic conditions compared to other PCNs. More than half of the population were from very socioeconomically deprived areas in 172 (14%) PCNs. Only six (4%) of the 135 commissioning regions ensured all PCNs were in the recommended population range. All practices had joined a single PCN in three (2%) commissioning regions.ConclusionMore than 40% of the PCNs were not of the recommended size, and there was substantial variation in their composition and characteristics. This high variability between PCNs is a risk to their future performance.
The association between GP organisational factors and the effectiveness of a prevention programme for cardiometabolic diseases: a prospective intervention study
Authors: Badenbroek Ilse F , Stol Daphne M , Nielen Markus MJ , Hollander Monika , de Wit Niek J , Schellevis François G 
Published: November 2020

BackgroundOwing to the rising disease burden of cardiometabolic diseases (CMD), prevention programmes for CMD are increasingly implemented in primary care. Organisational practice characteristics and availability of preventive services may be associated with a more effective programme.AimTo identify possible organisational success factors from general practices related to an effective primary prevention programme for CMD.Design & settingA prospective intervention study involving 37 Dutch general practices was undertaken.MethodPatients aged 45–70 years without known CMD, hypertension, or hypercholesterolemia were invited for the prevention programme. The outcome measures were an improvement (yes/no) in four different CMD risk factors between baseline and 1-year follow-up on an individual level (body mass index [BMI], smoking, systolic blood pressure, and cholesterol ratio). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used for assessing associations between practice organisational characteristics and outcomes.ResultsJust over half of the participants showed an improvement on one or more risk factors. Marginal differences were found in the four different outcomes between the practices with different organisational characteristics. None of the practice characteristics that were tested showed a significant association with an improvement in one of the outcome measures.ConclusionIn this study, general practice organisational and preventive service characteristics showed no impact on the effectiveness of a CMD prevention programme. Possible explanations could be the effectiveness of protocolised pharmaceutical treatment and only limited contribution of lifestyle programmes on the improvement of CMD risk factors.
Pierres sculptées ensevelies au XIIIe siècle dans la crypte romane de l’ancienne collégiale Saints-Michel-et-Gudule à Bruxelles. Des fouilles archéologiques à l’interprétation
Authors: Anagnostopoulos Pierre , Fourny Michel 
Published: November 2020

La découverte, en 1991, de la crypte de l’ancienne collégiale romane Saints-Michel-et-Gudule avait permis de récolter des échantillons lapidaires taillés, moulurés ou sculptés. La plupart proviennent du remblai déversé dans la crypte au
xiiie siècle. D’autres apparaissent sous la forme d’un remploi dans les fondations du choeur gothique de la même époque. Certaines de ces pierres proviennent de l’église romane détruite, alors que d’autres constituent des rebuts du chantier de construction en cours au XIIIe siècle. Parmi les vestiges les plus remarquables, un fragment de crochet de chapiteau d’une exceptionnelle fraîcheur et une tête appartenant au bestiaire médiéval attestent de la haute qualité du chantier du XIIIe siècle.
Algunas precisiones sobre la adopción de Galba
Authors: Montenegro Julia , Castillo Arcadio del 
Published: November 2020

In a text of Suetonio it is manifested that the future emperor had been adopted by his stepmother, Livia Ocelina, and in consequence of it, he took the nomen Livius, as well as the cognomen of Ocella, changing his praenomen for Lucius instead of Servius, until he occupied the power. This is unquestionable, because references that denote it clearly exist. It is an enormous problem of juridical-institutional nature : it is not a conditio and it have to do with a woman. Then as she did not have patria potestas it has to be a clear exception. The main reason would have to be sustained in a significance of political type. It would allow to Galba, in the Julio-Claudian Period, to obviate a very troublesome name, since his great-grandfather that had identical
praenomen, nomen and cognomen, was one of the convicts by the Pedian Law to have participated in the plot that produced the Caesar’s murder.
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Desa Pangi Dalam Pengolahan Limbah Organik Dan Anorganik
Authors: Kunusa Wiwin , Ibayu Hendri 
Published: November 2020

Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat merupakan salah satu Dharma Perguruan Tinggi. Kegiatan ini dapat dinilai sebagai salah satu tugas bagi lembaga, para dosen, dan para mahasiswa. Melalui program kegiatan KKN-PPM 2020 akan dilakukan suatu kegiatan tentang limbah organic dan anorganik di Desa Pangi Kecamatan Dulupi Kabupaten Boalemo. Limbah organic berupa ampas sagu yang berasal dari pabrik pengolahan sagu dan limbah plastik rumah tangga. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah (1) mengolah limbah padat sagu menjadi briket sebagai bahan bakar alternative pengganti gas elpiji (2) Daur ulang sampah plastic menjadi berbagai kerajinan tangan yakni aksesoris yang bernilai ekonomis. Sasaran kegiatan adalah untuk memberdayakan masyarakat Desa Pangi khususnya Ibu-Ibu PKK dan Karang Taruna dalam mengolah limbah organic dan an-organik untuk meningkatkan ketrampilan dan perekonomian ibu-ibu rumah tangga. Mekanisme pelaksanaan dalam bentuk penyuluhan dan pelatihan selama 45 hari. Lokasi pelaksanaan di Dusun Mootilango, Tibawa dan Bongo Ngoayu yang berpusat dikantor Desa Pangi. Tahap persiapan berupa koordinasi ke Dinas/Instansi terkait dan Pembekalan Mahasiswa KKN-PPM. Pembelajaran disertai praktek dilakukan oleh dosen pembimbing, mahasiswa bersama kelompok masyarakat khususnya PKK/DasaWisma dan karang Taruna. Kegiatan ini diharapkan sejalan dengan tujuan Pemerintah Kabupaten Boalemo yakni “Menuju Boalemo Bebas Sampah”.
Hubungan Usia Menarche dengan Kejadian Kanker Ovarium
Authors: Tandarto Marina , Ginting Erwin , Nuryanto M. Khairul 
Published: November 2020

Kanker ovarium adalah kanker ke-7 yang paling umum dan penyebab kematian ke-8 paling umum pada wanita di seluruh dunia. Pada tahun 2012, Indonesia merupakan negara yang memiliki jumlah kasus kanker ovarium tertinggi ke tiga di Asia dengan jumlah kasus sebanyak 10.238 pasien dan jumlah mortalitas akibat kanker ovarium sebanyak 7.075 pasien. Terdapat beberapa faktor yang diduga dapat memengaruhi risiko terjadinya kanker ovarium, salah satunya ialah usia menarche. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh usia menarche terhadap kejadian kanker ovarium di RSUD Abdul Wahab Sjahranie Samarinda. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan desain cross sectional dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Instrumen penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan rekam medik. Hasil penelitian didapatkan sebanyak 82 responden yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi dimana terdapat 20 pasien yang didiagnosis kanker ovarium dan 62 pasien yang tidak didiagnosis kanker ovarium. Analisis data menggunakan uji Somer’s d. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa tidak terdapat pengaruh usia menarche terhadap kejadian kanker ovarium dengan nilai p=0,323 (p>0,05).

Kata Kunci : Usia Menarche, Kanker Ovarium
A smartphone app for intensive care unit rotation orientation
Authors: Bednarek Olga , Loubani Osama , Jessula Samuel , Minor Samuel 
Published: November 2020

Implication Statement
The Department of Critical Care at Dalhousie University developed a smartphone app to improve the quality of learner orientation to the intensive care unit (ICU). The app increased satisfaction with orientation and was perceived as useful. It was ranked as the second most valued resource for orientation after other residents. There is potential to improve the experience of learners with this popular technology.
The Genesis of Ideas about Morality
Authors: Курносова М.Г. 
Published: November 2020

В статье рассматриваются вопросы, связанные с теоретическим освещением представлений о нравственности от античного периода до наших дней. Дается анализ развития этих представлений в истории философско-психологической мысли и демонстрируется актуальность проблемы в контексте современного общества, обусловленная нравственным кризисом.
Цель работы заключается в раскрытии сущности понятия нравственности в процессе исторического становления и с точки зрения современных исследователей.
В качестве методов исследования выступают изучение архивных материалов, теоретический анализ историко-психологических и философских источников, связанных с нравственной проблематикой.
На основе историко-ретроспективного метода анализируются психологические понятия о нравственности и ее компоненты в разные периоды времени и соотносятся с современными научными представлениями данной категории. В заключении делается вывод о том, что современный этап изучения нравственности и ее составляющих характеризуется комплексным, системно-интегративным подходом к содержательной разработке данной категории.
Теоретическая и практическая значимость определяется тем, что результаты проведенного исследования позволяют создать более полную картину развития представлений
о нравственности в истории психологической науки и способствуют более глубокому изучению процесса духовно-нравственного развития личности.
The article treats issues associated with the evolution of morality-related theories from antiquity to modern times. The article analyzes the evolution of ideas about morality in philosophical and psychological thought and maintains that the relevance of the analyzed issues is accounted for by the moral crisis plaguing modern society.
The aim of the work is to reveal the essence of the concept of morality through the process of its historical development and from the point of view of modern scholars.
The author employs such methods of research as investigation of archival materials, theoretical analysis of historical, psychological and philosophical sources associated with the issue of morality.
The historical-retrospective method is used to analyze psychological ideas about morality and its components in different periods of time. It is also used to compare historically-relevant ideas about morality with modern ones. The author concludes that the modern stage of the investigation of morality and its components is characterized by a complex, systemic-integrative approach to the content of the issue.
The theoretical significance and the practical value of the research consist in the fact that its results enable a researcher to see the evolution of ideas about morality in history of psychology and promote a more profound investigation of the process of people’s moral and spiritual development.
What does self-medication counseling in Bulgarian community pharmacies look like – a field study
Authors: Lebanova Hristina , Balkanski Stefan , Naseva Emilia , Getov Ilko N. 
Published: November 2020

The aim of the study is to identify the current practices of self-medication in Bulgaria, estimate the extent patients are influenced by information about the safety of OTC products and pharmacists’ role and behavior in the process. An anonymous, questionnaire-based, descriptive study was carried out among 280 pharmacists.
The majority of the patients (92.6%) ask for pharmacists’ advice before buying OTC products. Most often patients need OTC drugs for mild conditions (80.7%), to save time (63.9%), and because they are unable to consult a physician (61.9%). The medium duration of consultation for an OTC product is between 5 and 10 minutes. The main barriers hindering the process are unwillingness from the patient (72.5%), lack of time (27.5%), and lack of confidentiality (26.6%). OTC medicines are considered safer than prescription-only medicines by pharmacists.
Pharmacists could substantially contribute to rational self-medication and alleviate the burden on healthcare systems.
Combined effect of oral famotidine and cimetidine on the survival of lethally irradiated mice
Authors: Dizaj Karim Afsar , Monfared Ali Shabestani , Mozdarani Hossein , Naeiji Ali , Razzaghdoust Abolfazl , Hajian-tilaki Karimollah , Aboufazeli Bahareh , Niksirat Fatemeh , Borzoueisileh Sajad 
Published: November 2020

Aims:
The study aims at evaluating the effects of the combinatory famotidine/cimetidine diet on radiated mice's survival.

Materials and Methods:
Two hundred and seventy male mice were categorized into 11 groups, a number of which were comprised of subgroups too. The groups under analysis were posed to varying doses of gamma-radiation, including 6, 7, 8, and 9 Gy, followed by treatments using various drug doses 2, 4, and 8 mg/kg, with survival fractions as long as a month after irradiation being measured and recorded.

Results:
LD50/30 was calculated as 7.47 Gy for the group with radiation only. Following mouse treatment with a concentration of 4 and 20 mg/kg for famotidine and cimetidine, respectively, the survival fraction for the mice grew significantly compared to LD50/30. The combinatory famotidine/cimetidine diet had a higher dose-reduction factor (DRF) than single doses of the drug in radioprotection. The DRF for combinatory famotidine/cimetidine, famotidine, and cimetidine diets was 08.09, 1.1, and 1.01, respectively.

Conclusions:
Results imply that the combined regimen of famotidine + cimetidine in radioprotection had no significant higher DRF than with regimens including each of them separately. In addition, we did not find a synergic effect of combined oral famotidine and cimetidine on irradiated mice.