bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Atypical Healing Related to Irritable Bowel Disease
Authors: Steigmann Larissa , Sommer Celia , Wang Hom‐Lay 
Published: July 2020

IntroductionIrritable bowel disease (IBD) is a gastrointestinal disorder characterized by chronic granulomatous inflammation of the entire digestive system, which includes the oral cavity. Oral manifestations of IBD includes aphthous ulcerations which may appear spontaneously and resemble episodes of active flare ups of IBD. The presence of oral mucosal ulcerations, in addition with other systemic symptoms and exclusion of other etiological causes, requires an interdisciplinary team approach to diagnose and manage.Case PresentationA 19‐year‐old female presented with significant ulcerations next to a surgical site after a tooth extraction and ridge preservation procedure. The patient reported a history of preexisting episodes of ulcerations and continued to develop ulcers while the surgical site was healing. A referral to a gastroenterologist lead to a confirmed diagnosis of IBD.ConclusionThis case report presents a case of mucosal ulceration after surgical intervention that lead to the diagnosis of IBD. Appropriate and timely identification of oral manifestations of systemic disease conditions is key in early diagnosis and disease management. Connecting oral lesions to early presentation of systemic conditions potentially reduces a patient's systemic disease burden and improves their quality of life.
Psychological therapists’ experiences of occupational stress and team environment in oncology settings
Authors: Reitano Giovanna 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPurposeThis study explored psychological therapists’ experiences of occupational stress and team environment in oncology settings.DesignThis qualitative study used semi‐structured interviews to collect data. Six psychological therapists were recruited to conduct this study: three counsellors, two psychotherapists and a counselling psychologist.MethodData were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA).FindingsTo participants, organisational and managerial factors, such as a lack of understanding of the role of psychological therapists, unrealistic expectations by managers and other health professionals, and a lack of resources, were the greatest causes of occupational stress. They also found an approach to practice based on the medical model as potentially leading to increased power dynamics, with a negative impact on team cohesiveness, communication and patient care. Team support, self‐awareness and self‐care helped participants manage the emotional and organisational challenges experienced in their roles and to prevent burnout.Conclusion/ImplicationsFindings suggest that there is a need to re‐evaluate the important role of psycho‐oncology teams and their contribution to patient care. Further, increased awareness by managers and commissioners about the role of psychological therapists may help reduce unrealistic expectations and pressure upon this professional group.
Effects of Maltreatment in the Home Setting on Emotional and Behavioural Problems in Adolescents: A Study from Zhejiang Province in China
Authors: Ni Yanyan , Li Leah , Zhou Xudong , Hesketh Therese 
Published: July 2020

The aim of the study was to determine the effects of different types of maltreatment on adolescents' emotional/behavioural problems in Zhejiang Province, eastern China. Adolescents aged ten to 16 years in two urban and two rural schools were invited to complete a questionnaire survey, including experiences of maltreatment and emotional/behavioural problems. In total, 791 questionnaires were eligible for analysis. Preceding‐year prevalence was 5.6 per cent for minor physical maltreatment, 27.6 per cent for moderate physical maltreatment and 4.6 per cent for severe physical maltreatment, 47.5 per cent for emotional maltreatment and 8.2 per cent for non‐contact punishment. Witnessing domestic violence was reported by 49.4 per cent of the adolescents. Emotional maltreatment was consistently associated with a higher risk of emotional/behavioural problems (relative risk ratio (RRR) ranging from 1.85–2.36) after adjusting for other maltreatment exposures and socio‐economic factors. Severe physical maltreatment showed the strongest association with behavioural problems (RRR = 4.75 (95% confidence interval 1.74, 12.98), P = 0.002). Witnessing domestic violence alone was not associated with emotional/behavioural problems in adolescents. The effect size of emotional maltreatment was greater for girls, while physical maltreatment had greater effects among boys. There was a cumulative negative effect with an increasing number of maltreatment types. The results indicate an important need: to educate parents, to identify high‐risk children and to introduce a formal child protection system in China.‘The aim of the study was to determine the effects of different types of maltreatment on adolescents' emotional/behavioural problems in Zhejiang Province, eastern China’Key Practitioner Messages

Emotional maltreatment was consistently and robustly associated with an increased risk of both emotional and behavioural problems after adjusting for other maltreatment exposures and socio‐economic factors.
Severe physical maltreatment showed the strongest association with behavioural problems but not with emotional problems, while witnessing domestic violence alone was associated with neither of them.
An increase in the number of maltreatment types had a cumulative negative effect on child emotional and behavioural problems.
Is the Mechanistic Scheme of the Heck‐Type Coupling with Unsaturated Substrates needed to be revised?
Authors: Schmidt Alexander F. , Kurokhtina Anna A. , Larina Elizaveta V. , Vidyaeva Elena V. , Schmidt Elena Yu. , Lagoda Nadezhda A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPatterns of differential selectivity of two competing unsaturated substrates along with differential regioselectivity of α‐ and β‐regioisomers of arylated products formed in Heck reactions with aryl halides or with aromatic carboxylic anhydrides as well as differential regioselectivity of C2‐ and C3‐arylated indoles in direct C−H arylation with aryl halides unambiguously evidence that the commonly accepted mechanistic scheme of unsaturated substrate activation the Heck‐type coupling reactions needs to be revised. Comprehensive kinetic study points to the activation of aryl halide and unsaturated substrate by two distinct Pd species, as well as existence of an additional intermediate of their catalytic cycles being not taken into consideration earlier in the mechanistic schemes of the reactions.
Distribution of common cocklebur and palmer amaranth seed exiting the combine for harvest weed seed control in soybean
Authors: Green Jeremy K. , Norsworthy Jason K. , Walsh Michael J. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHarvest weed seed control (HWSC) tactics are being investigated for herbicide resistance management by reducing the number of weed seeds entering the soil seedbank. Weed seed retention and the location where weed seeds exit the combine (chaff, straw, or grain) are factors influencing potential HWSC success. An experiment was conducted in 2014 and 2015 in Keiser, AR, to determine where the seeds of common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium L.) and Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S. Wats.) exited the combine during soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] harvest. Plots within soybean production fields containing infestations of common cocklebur and Palmer amaranth were harvested with a combine and the grain, chaff (top sieve), and straw (rotor) fractions were collected. The number of seeds in each fraction was determined for both species. The grain fraction contained 6 and 13% of the total Palmer amaranth and common cocklebur seed entering the combine, with 75 and 85% of the common cocklebur and Palmer amaranth seed, respectively, in the chaff fraction. As the chaff fraction is the target for many HWSC systems (e.g., integrated Harrington Seed Destructor, chaff carts, chaff lining, and chaff tramlining), these proportions indicate the potential success of these systems. The HWSC systems that target all harvest residues (e.g. narrow windrow burning and bale direct) would potentially control high proportions of common cocklebur and Palmer amaranth seed (94 and 87% respectively) during harvest. Preventing this seed from entering the seedbank would improve weed management programs and lessen the likelihood of selecting for herbicide resistance.
Influence of Metal‐Alkyls on Early‐Stage Ethylene Polymerization over a Cr/SiO2 Phillips Catalyst: A Bulk Characterization and X‐ray Chemical Imaging Study
Authors: Jongkind Maarten K. , Meirer Florian , Bossers Koen W. , ten Have Iris C. , Ohldag Hendrik , Watts Benjamin , van Kessel Theo , Friederichs Nic. , Weckhuysen Bert M. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe Cr/SiO2 Phillips catalyst has taken a central role in ethylene polymerization since its invention in 1953. The uniqueness of this catalyst is related to its ability to produce broad molecular weight distribution (MWD) PE materials as well as that no co‐catalysts are required to attain activity. Nonetheless, co‐catalysts in the form of metal‐alkyls can be added for scavenging poisons, enhancing catalyst activity, reducing the induction period, and tailoring polymer characteristics. The activation mechanism and related polymerization mechanism remain elusive, despite extensive industrial and academic research. Here, we show that by varying the type and amount of metal‐alkyl co‐catalyst, we can tailor polymer properties around a single Cr/SiO2 Phillips catalyst formulation. Furthermore, we show that these different polymer properties exist in the early stages of polymerization. We have used conventional polymer characterization techniques, such as size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and 13C NMR, for studying the metal‐alkyl co‐catalyst effect on short‐chain branching (SCB), long‐chain branching (LCB) and molecular weight distribution (MWD) at the bulk scale. In addition, scanning transmission X‐ray microscopy (STXM) was used as a synchrotron technique to study the PE formation in the early stages: allowing us to investigate the produced type of early‐stage PE within one particle cross‐section with high energy resolution and nanometer scale spatial resolution.
Desymmetrization of Perylenediimide Bay Regions Using Selective Suzuki–Miyaura Reactions from Dinitro Substituted Derivatives
Authors: Hruzd Mariia , Rocard Lou , Goujon Antoine , Allain Magali , Cauchy Thomas , Hudhomme Piétrick 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBay decoration of perylenediimide (PDI) is an attractive approach for tuning the optoelectronic properties of the dye as well as breaking backbone planarity, which provides the possibility of preventing the undesired formation of aggregates. This is usually performed through successive bis‐bromination of PDI and pallado‐catalyzed cross‐coupling, which leads to symmetric triads. We now describe an efficient synthetic strategy for desymmetrization of the accepting PDI core by starting from its bis‐nitration. To this end, Suzuki–Miyaura Couplings (SMC) were carried out on a mixture of 1,6‐ and 1,7‐dinitroPDI regioisomers to add triphenylamine donating moieties and obtain donor–acceptor–donor triads. Investigation of the reactivity of dinitro PDI derivatives toward SMC has allowed us to access unprecedented asymmetric π‐conjugated PDI‐centered triads. These 1,6‐ and 1,7‐PDI based triads, prepared as regioisomeric mixtures, were successfully separated and their spectroscopic, crystallographic and optoelectronic differences are reported.
Anticipating local flaps closed‐form solution on 3D face models using finite element method
Authors: Kwan Zhenli , Khairu Najhan Nur Nadirah , Yau Yat Huang , Luximon Yan , M Nor Fethma 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA realistic three‐dimensional (3D) computational model of skin flap closures using Asian‐like head templates from two different genders, male and female, has been developed. The current study aimed to understand the biomechanics of the local flap designs along with the effect of wound closures on the respective genders. Two Asian head templates from opposite genders were obtained to use as base models. A third‐order Yeoh hyperelastic model was adapted to characterize as skin material properties. A single layer composed of combined epidermis and dermis was considered, and the models were thickened according to respective anatomical positions. Each model gender was excised with a fixed defect size which was consequently covered by three different local flap designs, namely advancement, rotation, and rhomboid flaps. Post‐operative simulation presented various scenarios of skin flap closures. Rotation and rhomboid flaps demonstrated maximal tension at the apex of the flap for both genders as well as advancement flap in the female face model. However, advancement flap closure in the male face model was presented otherwise. Yet, the deformation patterns and the peak tension of the discussed flaps were consistent with conventional local flap surgery. Moreover, male face models generated higher stresses compared to the female face models with a 70.34% mean difference. Overall, the skin flap operations were executed manually, and the designed surgery model met the objectives successfully while acknowledging the study limitations.Novelty File
3D head templates were considered to address the gap as 3D face models were uncommonly employed in understanding the biomechanics of the local flaps realistically. Most of the existing studies focus on the 2D and 3D planar geometry in their models.
As gender comparison has yet to be addressed, we intended to fill this gap by exploring the stress contours of the local flap designs in different genders.
Create a 3D face model from two opposite genders which is capable of simulating closure of wounds using local flaps with a focus on advancement, rotation, and rhomboid flaps.
Channel characterization and performance analysis of unmanned aerial vehicle‐operated communication system with multihop radio frequency–free‐space optical link in dynamic environment
Authors: Mondal Abhishek , Hossain Ashraf 
Published: July 2020

SummaryUnmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have been widely used in wireless communication in recent years and are a promising component of future wireless systems. UAVs are easily deployable and can provide reliable, robust, and cost‐effective communication to any desired location. However, the performance parameters of UAV cannot attain the desired level due to additional path loss caused by diffraction in non‐line of sight (NLOS) propagation during atmospheric turbulence. In this paper, UAV operated communication system with multihop radio frequency (RF)–free‐space optical (FSO) link is proposed. In order to provide better network connectivity and coverage, relays which also act as low altitude platform are configured between source and destination. These relays are modeled using RF and FSO technologies and also maintain decode and forward protocol and linear network coding. Based on this setup, communication channel is classified into three segments namely, ground to UAV, UAV to UAV, and UAV to ground channel. Initially, the optimal altitude of UAVs is derived using RF and FSO channel parameters for reliable system performance. The proposed model is verified using Monte Carlo simulation method, and the performance of the model is measured in terms of outage probability and symbol error rate, assuming that coherent detection takes place at receiver which employs M‐ary phase shift keying modulation techniques. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed multihop RF–FSO link outperforms the relevant benchmark schemes for a given signal to noise ratio value.
Complications of non‐hyaluronic fillers
Authors: Kleinfelder Raymond E. , Glick Brad P. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundThere are three non‐hyaluronic acid fillers available in the United States: Poly‐L‐lactic acid, calcium hydroxylapatite, and polymethylmethacrylate. Potential complications vary amongst the products.AimsTo identify the most common and most concerning complications for the three FDA‐approved non‐hyaluronic acid fillers.Materials & MethodsA comprehensive review of the literature was performed with key search words "complications," "non‐hyaluronic acid fillers," "poly‐l‐lactic acid," "calcium hydroxyapatite," and "polymethylmethacrylate."ResultsSimilar to hyaluronic acid fillers, the most common adverse effects of non‐HA fillers are injection site reactions, and the most concerning events are cutaneous necrosis and blindness. Non‐HA fillers also have increased risk of papule, nodule, and granuloma formation.DiscussionPapules and nodules arising early are likely to be technique‐dependent, while those arising later can be due to an immunologic foreign‐body response or infectious process. Histopathologic examination is required to diagnose a granuloma. Management of these complications requires intralesional and/or systemic corticosteroids, intralesional 5‐fluorouracil, surgical excision, and systemic antibiotics.ConclusionIt is vital that injectors are experienced in proper injection technique. Even more importantly, injectors must have the knowledge to recognize and manage complications when they arise.
Identifying research priorities for the study of atypical anorexia nervosa: A Delphi study
Authors: Strand Mattias , Zvrskovec Johan , Hübel Christopher , Peat Christine M , Bulik Cynthia M , Birgegård Andreas 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectiveIndividuals meeting all criteria for anorexia nervosa (AN) except that weight falls within or above the normal range despite significant weight loss are categorized as having atypical AN (AAN). Existing research has provided mixed evidence concerning the diagnostic demarcation of AN and AAN. The aim of the present study was to identify research priorities for furthering the understanding of AN and AAN as diagnostic entities.MethodEmploying the Delphi methodology, experts in the field were invited to suggest research questions that need to be explored in the demarcation of AN from AAN. This yielded 24 research areas, that were presented in subsequent rounds where panelists were asked to prioritize areas of primary interest.ResultsFifty‐three panelists completed all three Delphi rounds. Consensus was only reached on three items considered to be of primary interest: medical, neurobiological, and neurological factors; epidemiology and natural course; and treatment response in AAN compared to AN. In contrast, questions of premorbid weight and determining the need for and nature of a body mass index cutoff differentiating between AAN and AN were seen as being of low priority.DiscussionThese findings reveal a relatively low degree of consensus on the demarcation of AN from AAN in the field of eating disorders. A reason could be that the definition and use of the AAN category vary in research and clinical practice. In order to achieve further diagnostic clarity, research on the demarcation of AAN and AN should focus on the identified prioritized research areas.
Distance‐based methods for estimating density of nonrandomly distributed populations
Authors: Shen Guochun , Wang Xihua , He Fangliang 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPopulation density is the most basic ecological parameter for understanding population dynamics and biological conservation. Distance‐based methods (or plotless methods) are considered as a more efficient but less robust approach than quadrat‐based counting methods in estimating plant population density. The low robustness of distance‐based methods mainly arises from the oversimplistic assumption of completely spatially random (CSR) distribution of a population in the conventional distance‐based methods for estimating density of non‐CSR populations in natural communities. In this study we derived two methods to improve on density estimation for plant populations of non‐CSR distribution. The first method modified an existing composite estimator to correct for the long‐recognized bias associated with that estimator. The second method was derived from the negative binomial distribution (NBD) that directly deals with aggregation in the distribution of a species. The performance of these estimators was tested and compared against various distance‐based estimators by both simulation and empirical data of three large‐scale stem‐mapped forests. Results showed that the NBD point‐to‐tree distance estimator has the best and most consistent performance across populations with vastly different spatial distributions. This estimator offers a simple, efficient and robust method for estimating density for empirical populations of plant species.
A Smartwatch Integrated with a Paper‐based Microfluidic Patch for Sweat Electrolytes Monitoring
Authors: Cao Qingpeng , Liang Bo , Mao Xiyu , Wei Jinwei , Tu Tingting , Fang Lu , Ye Xuesong 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHere, a smartwatch for sweat monitoring was presented for perspiration analysis. The smartwatch played the part of analyzing, computing, and displaying the real‐time data with the feature of comfortable wearing and lightweight ergonomic design. Moreover, the paper‐based microfluidic patch with a three‐dimensional structure was proposed to realize the sweat collection and solve the issue of sweat accumulation. To further realizing the sweat monitoring, the potassium and sodium ion‐selective electrodes were developed by the screen‐printing technique. The experiment of on‐body monitoring the K+ and Na+ in sweat had been carried out to further demonstrate the feasibility of the smartwatch.
Oxidative Stress and Enantioselective Degradation of Dufulin on Tubifex
Authors: Jiang Xiaoxia , Song Bangyan , Wang Shouyi , Ran Lulu , Lu Ping , Hu Deyu 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Dufulin is a new type of chiral antiplant virus agent independently developed in China. The present study was conducted to determine the effects of different concentrations of rac-dufulin and dufulin enantiomers (1, 5, and 10 mg/L) on oxidative stress in Tubifex after exposure for 3, 7, and 14 d. Results showed that rac-dufulin and individual enantiomers had no significant effects on total protein content and glutathione reductase activities. Increased superoxide dismutase demonstrated the generation of superoxide anion radical. The increase in glutathione S-transferase may be due to detoxification mechanisms. The different changes in catalase activities could be due to oxidative stress. The increase in malondialdehyde may be due to the accumulation and toxicity of contaminations. The degradation behavior of dufulin enantiomers was studied through spiked-water and spiked-soil tests. The degradation rate of S-(+)-dufulin was faster than that of R-(−)-dufulin. The present study demonstrated the occurrence of enantioselectivity in the degradation and oxidative stress of dufulin to Tubifex. In spiked soil, the concentrations of dufulin enantiomers in underlying soil were significantly higher than those in overlying water; but after 5 d of degradation, the bioturbation of Tubifex could facilitate part of dufulin diffusing from the underlying soil into the overlying water and altered the partitioning of dufulin. The present study provided a basis for conducting environmental safety risk assessments and rationally using dufulin as a chiral pesticide. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:2136–2146. © 2020 SETAC