bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tuina (massage) therapy for diarrhea in COVID-19
Authors: Zhou Ke-Lin , Dong Shuo , Fu Guo-Bing , Cui Shu-Sheng , Guo Sheng 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Background:
In the beginning of December 2019, the novel coronavirus pneumonia was first detected in Wuhan, China. Its widespread infectivity and strong pathogenicity has posed a great threat to public health, seriously affecting social production and life. Accumulating evidence suggests that gastrointestinal symptoms, such as diarrhea, are common among patients with COVID-19. Tuina (massage) therapy is 1 of the widely employed complementary and alternative medicine interventions in the world. It can act on the subcutaneous muscular layer, enhance the local blood circulation and tissue metabolism of the skin, thus exert its effects on digestive systems and alleviate aversive diarrhea symptoms. This systematic review and meta-analysis will summarize the current evidence of tuina (massage) used as an intervention for diarrhea symptoms in COVID-19.

Methods:
We will search the following electronic databases for randomized controlled trials to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of massage therapy in treating exercise-induced fatigue: China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang and Pubmed Database, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Excerpta Medica database and MEDLINE. Each database will be searched from inception to June 2020. The entire process will include study selection, data extraction, risk of bias assessment and meta-analyses.

Results:
This proposed study will evaluate the effectiveness and safety of massage therapy for diarrhea symptoms in COVID-19 patients. The outcomes will include the improvement of diarrhea symptoms and adverse effect.

Conclusions:
This proposed systematic review will evaluate the existing evidence on the effectiveness and safety of massage therapy for diarrhea symptoms in COVID-19 patients.
Dissemination and ethics: The results of this review will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publication. Because all of the data used in this systematic review and meta-analysis has been published, this review does not require ethical approval. Furthermore, all data will be analyzed anonymously during the review process.
Process-Oriented In Situ Simulation Is a Valuable Tool to Rapidly Ensure Operating Room Preparedness for COVID-19 Outbreak
Authors: Lie Sui An , Wong Loong Tat , Chee Marianne , Chong Shin Yuet 
Published: July 2020

Summary Statement
Process-oriented in situ simulation has been gaining widespread acceptance in the evaluation of the safety of new healthcare teams and facilities. In this article, we highlight learning points from our proactive use of in situ simulation as part of plan-do-study-act cycles to ensure operating room facility preparedness for COVID-19 outbreak. We found in situ simulation to be a valuable tool in disease outbreak preparedness, allowing us to ensure proper use of personal protective equipment and protocol adherence, and to identify latent safety threats and novel problems that were not apparent in the initial planning stage. Through this, we could refine our workflow and operating room setup to provide timely surgical interventions for potential COVID-19 patients in our hospital while keeping our staff and patients safe. Running a simulation may be time and resource intensive, but it is a small price to pay if it can help prevent disease spread in an outbreak.
Meta-analysis of Ginkgo biloba Preparation for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Liao Ziwei , Cheng Liping , Li Xiaoxue , Zhang Miaomiao , Wang Sha , Huo Ruimin 
Published: July 2020

Objective
The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of Ginkgo biloba preparation for the treatment of Alzheimer disease (AD).

Methods
Both English (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library databases, and the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register) and Chinese (WanFang, Chinese Biomedical, CNKI, and VIP databases) databases were systematically and independently searched by 2 authors from their inception until July 3, 2019. All relevant studies included AD patients who were treated with Ginkgo biloba. The efficacy and safety of the medicine were used as the main measurement index.

Results
Seven studies (N = 939) were identified and analyzed. When compared with placebo, Ginkgo biloba showed exact validity in cognitive function and global clinical assessment (cognitive function section: risk ratio = 1.98, 95% confidence interval = 1.52–2.59, Z = 5.12, P < 0.001; according to Clinical Global Impression Change: odds ratio = 3.119, 95% confidence interval = 2.206–4.410, Z = 6.44, P < 0.001). Adverse events were mild.

Conclusions

Ginkgo biloba preparation has reliable efficacy of cognitive function and global clinical assessment and safety in the treatment of AD.
Roles of two glutathioneS-transferases in the final step of the β-aryl ether cleavage pathway inSphingobiumsp. strain SYK-6
Authors: Higuchi Yudai , Sato Daisuke , Kamimura Naofumi , Masai Eiji 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTSphingobiumsp. strain SYK-6 is an alphaproteobacterial degrader of lignin-derived aromatic compounds, which can degrade all the stereoisomers of β-aryl ether-type compounds. SYK-6 cells convert four stereoisomers of guaiacylglycerol-β-guaiacyl ether (GGE) into two enantiomers of α-(2-methoxyphenoxy)-β-hydroxypropiovanillone (MPHPV) through GGE α-carbon atom oxidation by stereoselective Cα-dehydrogenases encoded byligD, ligL, andligN. The ether linkages of the resulting MPHPV enantiomers are cleaved by stereoselective glutathioneS-transferases (GSTs) encoded byligF, ligE, andligP, generating (βRβS)-α-glutathionyl-β-hydroxypropiovanillone (GS-HPV) and guaiacol. To date, it has been shown that the gene products ofligGand SLG_04120 (ligQ), both encoding GST, catalyze glutathione removal from (βRβS)-GS-HPV, forming achiral β-hydroxypropiovanillone. In this study, we characterized the enzyme properties of LigG and LigQ and elucidated their roles in β-aryl ether catabolism. Purified LigG showed an approximately 300-fold higher specific activity for (βR)-GS-HPV than that for (βS)-GS-HPV, whereas purified LigQ showed an approximately six-fold higher specific activity for (βS)-GS-HPV than that for (βR)-GS-HPV. Analyses of mutants ofligG, ligQ, and both genes revealed that SYK-6 converted (βR)-GS-HPV using both LigG and LigQ, whereas only LigQ was involved in converting (βS)-GS-HPV. Furthermore, the disruption of bothligGandligQwas observed to lead to the loss of the capability of SYK-6 to convert MPHPV. This suggests that GSH removal from GS-HPV catalyzed by LigG and LigQ, is essential for cellular GSH recycling during β-aryl ether catabolism.IMPORTANCEThe β-aryl ether linkage is most abundant in lignin, comprising 45%–62% of all intermonomer linkages in lignin; thus, cleavage of the β-aryl ether linkage together with the subsequent degradation process is considered the essential step in lignin biodegradation. The enzyme genes for β-aryl ether cleavage are useful for decomposing high-molecular-weight lignin, converting lignin-derived aromatic compounds into value-added products, and modifying lignin structures in plants to reduce lignin recalcitrance. In this study, we uncovered the roles of the two glutathioneS-transferase genes,ligGandligQ, in the conversion of GS-HPV isomers, which are generated in the β-aryl ether cleavage pathway in SYK-6. Adding our current results to previous findings allowed us to have a whole picture of the β-aryl ether cleavage system in SYK-6.
Bayesian inference of population prevalence
Authors: Ince Robin A. A. , Paton Angus T. , Kay Jim W. , Schyns Philippe G. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWithin neuroscience, psychology and neuroimaging, the most frequently used statistical approach is null-hypothesis significance testing (NHST) of the population mean. An alternative approach is to perform NHST within individual participants and then infer, from the proportion of participants showing an effect, the prevalence of that effect in the population. We propose a novel Bayesian method to estimate such population prevalence that offers several advantages over population mean NHST. This method provides a population-level inference that is currently missing from study designs with small participant numbers, such as in traditional psychophysics and in precision imaging. Bayesian prevalence delivers a quantitative population estimate with associated uncertainty instead of reducing an experiment to a binary inference. Bayesian prevalence is widely applicable to a broad range of studies in neuroscience, psychology, and neuroimaging. Its emphasis on detecting effects within individual participants can also help address replicability issues in these fields.
Expansion Microscopy provides new insights into the cytoskeleton of malaria parasites including the conservation of a conoid
Authors: Bertiaux Eloïse , Balestra Aurélia C , Bournonville Lorène , Brochet Mathieu , Guichard Paul , Hamel Virginie 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMalaria is caused by unicellularPlasmodiumparasites.Plasmodiumrelies on diverse microtubule cytoskeletal structures for its reproduction, multiplication or dissemination. Due to the small size of this parasite, its cytoskeleton has been primarily observable by electron microscopy. Here, we demonstrate that the nanoscale cytoskeleton organization is within reach using ultrastructure expansion microscopy (U-ExM). In developing microgametocytes, U-ExM allows to monitor the dynamic assembly of axonemes and concomitant tubulin polyglutamylation in whole cells. In the invasive merozoite and ookinete forms, U-ExM unveils the subpellicular microtubule arrays that confer cell rigidity. In ookinete, we additionally identify an apical tubulin ring above the subpellicular microtubules that colocalises with markers of the conoid in related Apicomplexa parasites. This microtubule structure was presumed to be lost inPlasmodiumdespite its crucial role in both motility and invasion in most apicomplexans. Here, U-ExM reveals that a divergent and reduced form of the conoid is actually conserved in thePlasmodiumgenus.
Multi-influential genetic interactions alter behaviour and cognition through six main biological cascades in Down syndrome mouse models
Authors: Duchon Arnaud , del Mar Muñiz Moreno Maria , Lorenzo Sandra Martin , de Souza Márcia Priscilla Silva , Chevalier Claire , Nalesso Valérie , Meziane Hamid , de Sousa Paulo Loureiro , Noblet Vincent , Armspach Jean-Paul , Brault Veronique , Herault Yann 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDown syndrome (DS) is the most common genetic form of intellectual disability caused by the presence of an additional copy of human chromosome 21 (Hsa21). To provide novel insights into genotype–phenotype correlations, we used standardized behavioural tests, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and hippocampal gene expression to screen several DS mouse models for the mouse chromosome 16 region homologous to Hsa21. First, we unravelled several genetic interactions between different regions of chromosome 21 and how they contribute significantly to altering the outcome of the phenotypes in brain cognition, function and structure. Then, in-depth analysis of misregulated expressed genes involved in synaptic dysfunction highlighted 6 biological cascades centred around DYRK1A, GSK3β, NPY, SNARE, RHOA and NPAS4. Finally, we provide a novel vision of the existing altered gene-gene crosstalk and molecular mechanisms targeting specific hubs in DS models that should become central to better understanding of DS and improving the development of therapies.
Public and private human T cell clones respond differentially to HCMV antigen when boosted by CD3 co-potentiation
Authors: Becher Laura R.E. , Nevala Wendy K. , Sutor Shari S. , Abergel Megan , Hoffmann Michele M. , Parks Christopher A. , Pease Larry R. , Schrum Adam G. , Markovic Svetomir N. , Gil Diana 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHuman cytomegalovirus (HCMV) induces long-lasting T cell immune responses that control but do not clear infection. Typical responses involve private T cell clones, expressing T cell antigen receptors (TCR) unique to a person, and also public T cell clones with identical TCRs active in different people. Here, we report the development of a pre-therapeutic immunostimulation modality against HCMV for human T cells,CD3 co-potentiation, and the clonal analysis of its effects in recall assays at single-cell resolution. CD3 co-potentiation of human T cells required identification of an intrinsically inert anti-CD3 Fab fragment that conditionally augmented signaling only when TCR was co-engaged with antigen. When applied in recall assays, CD3 co-potentiation enhanced the expansion of both public and private T cell clones responding to autologous HLA-A2(+) antigen-presenting cells and immunodominant NLV peptide from HCMV pp65 protein. Interestingly, public versus private TCR expression was associated with distinct clonal expansion signatures in response to recall stimulus. This implied that besides possible differences in their generation and selection in an immune response, public and private T cells may respond differently to pharmaco-immunomodulation. Furthermore, a third clonal expansion profile was observed upon CD3 co-potentiation of T cell clones from HLA-A2(-) donors and one HLA-A2(+) presumed-uninfected donor, where NLV was of low intrinsic potency. We conclude that human T cell copotentiation can increase the expansion of different classes of T cell clones responding to recall antigens of different strengths, and this may be exploitable for therapeutic development against chronic, persistent infections such as HCMV.Key PointsHuman CD3 co-potentiation can enhance the clonal expansion of several classes of recall T cells responding to antigens.Enhanced expansion follows a unique pattern based on the immunodominance or weakness of antigen, and public or private TCR status.
Sex-Specific Evolution of the Genome-wide Recombination Rate
Authors: Peterson April L. , Payseur Bret A. 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTAlthough meiotic recombination is required for successful gametogenesis in most species that reproduce sexually, the rate of crossing over varies among individuals. Differences in recombination rate between females and males are perhaps the most striking form of this variation. To determine how sex shapes the evolution of recombination, we directly compared the genome-wide recombination rate in females and males across a common set of genetic backgrounds in house mouse. Our results reveal highly discordant evolutionary trajectories in the two sexes. Whereas male recombination rates show rapid evolution over short timescales, female recombination rates measured in the same strains are mostly static. Strains with high recombination in males have more double-strand breaks and stronger crossover interference than strains with low recombination in males, suggesting that these factors contribute to the sex-specific evolution we document. Our findings provide the strongest evidence yet that sex is a primary driver of recombination rate evolution.
GrgA controlsChlamydia trachomatisgrowth and development by regulating expression of transcription factors Euo and HrcA
Authors: Wurihan Wurihan , Zou Yi , Weber Alec M. , Weldon Korri , Huang Yehong , Gong Zheng , Lou Zhongzi , Sun Samantha , Zhu Chengsheng , Wu Xiang , Zhou Jizhang , Wang Yaqun , Lai Zhao , Fan Huizhou 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTThe obligate intracellular bacteriumChlamydia trachomatisis an important human pathogen whose biphasic developmental cycle consists of an infectious elementary body and a replicative reticulate body. Whereas σ66, the primary sigma factor, is necessary for transcription of most chlamydial genes throughout the developmental cycle, σ28is required for expression of some late genes. We previously showed that theChlamydia-specific transcription factor GrgA physically interacts with both of these sigma factors and activates transcription from σ66- and σ28-dependent promotersin vitro. Here, we investigate the organismal functions of GrgA. We show that GrgA overexpression decreased RB proliferation via time-dependent transcriptomic changes. Significantly, σ66-dependent genes that code for two important transcription repressors are among the direct targets of GrgA. One of these repressors is Euo, which prevents the expression of late genes during early phases. The other is HrcA, which regulates gene expression in response to heat shock. The direct regulon of GrgA also includes a σ28-dependent gene that codes for the putative virulence factor PmpI. Conditional overexpression of Euo and HrcA also inhibited chlamydial growth and affected GrgA expression. Transcriptomic studies suggest that GrgA, Euo, and HrcA have distinct but overlapping indirect regulons. Furthermore, overexpression of either GrgA leads to decreased expression of numerous tRNAs. These findings indicate that a GrgA-mediated transcriptional regulatory network controlsC. trachomatisgrowth and development.IMPORTANCEChlamydia trachomatisis the most prevalent sexually transmitted bacterial pathogen worldwide and is a leading cause of preventable blindness in under-developed areas as well as developed countries. Previous studies showed that the novel transcription factor GrgA activated chlamydial gene transcriptionin vitro, but did not addressed the organismal function of GrgA. Here, we demonstrate growth inhibition inC. trachomatisengineered to conditionally overexpress GrgA. GrgA overexpression immediately increases the expression of two other critical transcription factors (Euo and HrcA) and a candidate virulence factor (PmpI), among several other genes. We also reveal chlamydial growth reduction and transcriptomic changes including decreased GrgA mRNA levels in response to either Euo or HrcA overexpression. Thus, the transcription network controlled by GrgA likely plays a crucial role in chlamydial growth and pathogenesis.
East Asian films in the European market: the roles of cultural distance and cultural specificity
Authors: Wang Xiaoyan , Pan Haibo Raymond , Zhu Nibing , Cai Shaohan 
Published: July 2020

PurposeThis study investigates the impact of cultural distance on foreign box office performance of East Asian cinematic production in European markets. Predicated on two dimensions of a film's cultural specificity, namely content- and aesthetics-based components, this research advances current knowledge on the moderating effects of cultural specificity.Design/methodology/approachThe authors compile a data set of 515 East Asian films released in European countries during the 2010–2018 period. Data are analyzed by hierarchical linear modeling.FindingsResults show that cultural distance plays a negative role in affecting foreign box office performance and that aesthetics specificity of films weakens such a relationship, while content specificity of films can further strengthen the relationship.Practical implicationsThe findings suggest that cultural specificity is a crucial element and a relevant marketing tool in the cross-country film trade. Film producers and distributors need to consider both distribution strategy and intercultural context in order to align effectively with differing cultural distance and specificity.Originality/valueThis study proposes a new categorization framework of cultural specificity and demonstrates the moderating roles of content and aesthetics specificity on the relationship between cultural distance and films' foreign box office performance. It offers implications for both theory and practice in global film marketing and trade.
Automatic robotic recharging systems – development and challenges
Authors: Bi Zhuming , Luo Chaomin , Miao Zhonghua , Zhang Bing , Zhang Chris W.J. 
Published: July 2020

Purpose
Since the market penetrations of service robots are only successful to a limited types of services, the purpose of the paper is to look into the reasons why the market penetrations are lagged from both technical and nontechnical perspectives. Automatic robotic recharging services, especially robotic refueling systems, are used as the case study for the investigation.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper surveyed the relevant technologies and products and conducted the feasibility study and risk management for new development of automated robotic refueling systems. This paper developed a cost model for the evaluation of robotic refueling systems.

Findings
There are no major technical barriers that exist for the development of robotic refueling systems, but two main risks of developing new robotic refueling systems are interference of existing patents and the extreme effort to further reduce the development cost of automated refueling systems. The recommendations have been made to new developers of service robots.

Research limitations/implications
The suggestions are made for further development on service robots, in general; however, this paper does not cover the physical development of service robots.

Practical implications
This study was actually conducted for a client company who has a strong interest in developing new products for automatic robotic refueling systems. The reported work has great significance for new comers in this area to understand the state of the art, technological challenges and some potential risks in the field.

Originality/value
To the best of authors’ knowledge, it will be the first academic paper to summarize the research and development effort on automatic recharging business. The targeted field is very typical in promoting robots in services. Even robotic refueling was proposed at very early stage of robotic application, the market penetration of refueling robots the market penetration is very limited, not because the technology readiness but some other factors. This work has its significance to identify technical and nontechnical challenges to promote robots in services.
The role of transaction cost and trust in e-loyalty: a mixed-methods study of ride-sharing
Authors: Hou Tingting , Cheng Xusen , Cheng Xiankun 
Published: July 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the trust antecedents and the effect of trust and transaction cost on passengers' e-loyalty in the context of mobile commerce enabled ride-sharing.Design/methodology/approachA mixed-methods research is adopted to investigate the phenomena of interest. The qualitative study was used to identify the context-specific trust antecedents. The quantitative study investigated the effects of trust and transaction cost on e-loyalty by combining the results of qualitative study.FindingsThree important context-specific trust antecedents were identified in qualitative study, namely online rating score, service quality and driving skills. The quantitative study indicates that driving skills, explicit cost and implicit cost are positively associated with trust. Trust and implicit cost have direct and positive effects on e-loyalty.Research limitations/implicationsThis study contributes to understanding passengers' trust towards drivers in the context of mobile commerce enabled ride-sharing and the effect of trust on e-loyalty by including the transaction cost.Practical implicationsManagement to enhance passengers' e-loyalty to ride-sharing might involve the measures to promote trust relationship.Originality/valueLimited research has explored trust relationship for enhancing e-loyalty in the context of ride-sharing. The current study provides a novel contribution through an exploration of trust antecedents and the effects of transaction cost and trust on e-loyalty. The study has thrown light on the use of mixed-methods design in the research of user behavior in sharing economy.