bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multimodal Brain Age Gap as a Mediating Indicator in the Relation between Modifiable Dementia Risk Factors and Cognitive Functioning
Authors: Chen Chang-Le , Chen Pin-Yu , Tung Yu-Hung , Hsu Yung-Chin , Tseng Wen-Yih Isaac 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIntroductionAs a structural proxy for evaluating brain health, neuroimaging-based brain age gap (BAG) is presumed to link the dementia risks to cognitive changes in the premorbid phase, but this remains unclear.MethodsBrain age prediction models were constructed and applied to a population-based cohort (N=371) to estimate their BAG. Further, structural equation modeling was employed to investigate the mediation effect of BAG between risk levels (assessed by 2 dementia-related risk scores) and cognitive changes (examined by 4 cognitive assessments).ResultsA higher burden of modifiable dementia risk factors was causally associated with a greater cognitive decline, and this was significantly mediated (P=0.017) by a larger multimodal BAG, which indicated an older brain. Moreover, a steeper slope (P=0.020) of association between cognitive decline and multimodal BAG was observed when individuals had higher dementia risks.DiscussionMultimodal BAG is a potential mediating indicator to reflect the changes in the pathophysiological mechanism of cognitive aging.
Accelerated dystrophy and decay of oligodendrocyte precursor cells in the APP/PS1 model of Alzheimer’s-like pathology
Authors: Chacon-De-La-Rocha Irene , Fryatt Gemma , Rivera Andrea , Verkhratsky Alex , Raineteau Olivier , Gomez-Nicola Diego , Butt Arthur M. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMyelin disruption is a feature of natural aging and of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In the CNS, myelin is produced by oligodendrocytes, which are generated throughout life by oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs). Here, we examined age-related changes in OPCs in APP/PS1 mice, a model for AD-like pathology, compared with non-transgenic (Tg) age-matched controls. Analysis was performed in the CA1 area of the hippocampus following immunolabelling for NG2 with the nuclear dye Hoescht, to identify OPC and OPC sister cells, a measure of OPC replication, together with Gpr17 and Olig2 for oligodendrocytes and myelin basic protein (MBP) immunostaining as a measure of myelination. The results indicate a decrease in the number of OPCs between 9 and 14 months in natural ageing and this occurred earlier at 9 months in APP/PS1 mice, without further decline at 14 months. The number of OPC sister cells was unaltered in natural aging, but declined significantly at 14-months in APP/PS1 mice. The number of GPR17+ and Olig2+ oligodendrocytes was not altered in APP/PS1, whereas MBP immunostaining increased between 9 and 14 months in natural ageing, but not in APP/PS1 mice. Notably, OPCs displayed marked morphological changes at 14 months in APP/PS1 mice, characterized by an overall shrinkage of OPC process domains and increased process branching, characteristic of reactive pathological changes. The results indicate that OPC and myelin disruption are pathological signs in the APP/PS1 mouse model of AD.
Synaptic silencing affects the density and complexity of oligodendrocyte precursor cells in the adult mouse hippocampus
Authors: Chacon-De-La-Rocha Irene , Fryatt Gemma L. , Rivera Andrea D. , Restani Laura , Caleo Matteo , Raineteau Olivier , Gomez-Nicola Diego , Butt Arthur M. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractOligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) are responsible for generating oligodendrocytes, the myelinating cells of the CNS. Life-long myelination is promoted by neuronal activity and is essential for neural network plasticity and learning. OPCs are known to contact synapses and it is proposed that neuronal synaptic activity in turn regulates OPC proliferation and differentiation. To examine this in the adult, we performed unilateral injection of the synaptic blocker botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT/A) into the hippocampus of adult mice. We confirm BoNT/A cleaves SNAP-25 in the CA1 are of the hippocampus, which has been proven to block neurotransmission. Notably, synaptic silencing by BoNT/A significantly decreased OPC density and caused their shrinkage, as determined by immunolabelling for the OPC marker NG2. Inhibition of synaptic activity resulted in an overall decrease in the number of OPC processes, as well as a decrease in their lengths and branching frequency. These data indicate that synaptic activity is important for maintaining adult OPC numbers and cellular integrity, which is relevant to pathological scenarios characterized by decreased synaptic activity.
Frequency domain analysis of fluctuations of mRNA and protein copy numbers within a cell lineage: theory and experimental validation
Authors: Jia Chen , Grima Ramon 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe stochasticity of gene expression is manifested in the fluctuations of mRNA and protein copy numbers within a cell lineage over time. While data of this type can be obtained for many generations, most mathematical models are unsuitable to interpret such data since they assume non-growing cells. Here we develop a theoretical approach that quantitatively links the frequency content of lineage data to subcellular dynamics. We elucidate how the position, height, and width of the peaks in the power spectrum provide a distinctive fingerprint that encodes a wealth of information about mechanisms controlling transcription, translation, replication, degradation, bursting, promoter switching, cell cycle duration, cell division, and gene dosage compensation. Predictions are confirmed by analysis of single-cellEscherichia colidata obtained using fluorescence microscopy. Furthermore, by matching the experimental and theoretical power spectra, we infer the temperature-dependent gene expression parameters, without the need of measurements relating fluorescence intensities to molecule numbers.
An evaluation of online students’ persistence intentions
Authors: Ilyas Asifa , Zaman Muhammad Kashif 
Published: September 2020

PurposeThe high dropout rate among online learning students is a serious issue. Using the theory of planned behavior as a framework, this study investigates what effect attitude, opinion of others and perceived ease of online learning technologies leave on Pakistani online students' persistence intentions.Design/methodology/approachThe sample of this study comprises 320 students enrolled at a distance learning university in Pakistan. Online questionnaires are used to gather data for the study. Correlations and regression analysis are run to figure out the effect of independent variables on the dependent variable of the study.FindingsThe findings of the study show that 51% variance in online students’ persistence intentions can be explained by personal attitude, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control.Research limitations/implicationsThe use of a non-random sampling technique along with a cross-sectional design form the major limitations of the study.Practical implicationsThe outcome of the study may help online education providers as well as policymakers to design programs and initiatives to improve students’ retention in online study programs.Originality/valueThe study contributed to the extant literature by finding out Pakistani online students’ persistence behavior is affected by their attitude, subjective norms and perceived ease of online learning. The study also found that the opinion of people closely related to students influences their study persistence decisions.
Investigation of indoor air quality and thermal comfort condition in airport terminal buildings
Authors: Akyüz Mehmet Kadri , Kafali Hasim , Altuntas Onder 
Published: September 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to measure the thermal comfort conditions and indoor air quality parameters, through on-site measurements taken in the areas mostly occupied by the passengers and airport staff. Terminal buildings consist of areas with various functions. Heating, ventilation and air conditioning requirements vary from area to area, thus leading to challenges in the management of indoor environment quality. Therefore, the study focuses on investigating the indoor environment conditions in various areas of the terminal buildings.

Design/methodology/approach
In this study, the thermal comfort and indoor air quality were evaluated based on the parameters [CO2 concentration, relative humidity, temperature, predicted mean vote (PMV) and predicted percentage of dissatisfied (PPD)] collected for summer 2019 from different zones inside the International Dalaman Airport terminal building located in the southwest of Turkey. The measurements were performed in the areas mostly occupied by the airport staff and passengers (check-in area, security control areas, international departure lounge, domestic departure lounge and baggage claim hall).

Findings
As a result of the study, it was observed that the CO2 concentration was 480–965 ppm, the relative humidity was 51.9–75.8% and the temperature was in the range of 23.9°C–28.3°C inside the airport terminal. The PMV values were determined to be in the range of −0.23 to 0.67, and the PPD values 5–15%, which are used to measure the thermal comfort conditions.

Originality/value
There has been limited study on the determination of the indoor air quality in airport terminals and the investigation of the thermal comfort conditions. However, in this study, indoor air quality and thermal comfort conditions were determined by on-site measurements in the five mostly occupied areas by passengers and employees in the terminal building.
3D food printing: nutrition opportunities and challenges
Authors: Burke-Shyne Suailce , Gallegos Danielle , Williams Tim 
Published: September 2020

PurposeTo explore the nutrition opportunities and challenges for 3D food printing.Design/methodology/approachUsing a qualitative design, semi-structured interviews were conducted with experts from the field of nutrition or with a technical understanding of 3D food printing and a thematic analysis undertaken.FindingsFour themes emerged: potential uses, sustainability, technical issues and ethical and social issues. The primary use identified was for texture-modified diets. Other uses include personalised nutrition and for novelty purposes. Interviewees indicated food printing may aid sustainability by reducing food waste, using food by-products and incorporating eco-friendly foods. The main technical issues were speed, cost and inability of the technology to move between textures. The latter is a limiting issue if the technology is purported to be used for texture-modified diets. Ethical and social issues raised included the acceptability and high degree of processing involved in printed foods.Originality/valueThis research highlights the need for nutrition issues to be considered as 3D food printing technology develops.
Validation of a multiple criteria tool for healthcare facilities quality evaluation
Authors: Brambilla Andrea , Lindahl Göran , Dell'Ovo Marta , Capolongo Stefano 
Published: September 2020

PurposeSeveral healthcare quality assessment tools measure the processes and outcomes of the care system. The actual physical infrastructure (buildings and organizational) aspects are, however, rarely considered. The purpose of this paper is to describe the process of validation and weighting of an evidence-informed framework for the quality assessment of hospital facilities from social, environmental and organizational perspectives to complement other assessments.Design/methodology/approachSustainable High-quality Healthcare version 2 (SustHealth v2) is the updated version of an existing framework composed of three domains (social, environmental and organizational quality). To validate and establish a relevant weighting, interviews were conducted with 15 professionals within the field of healthcare planning, design, research and management. The study has been conducted through semi-structured interviews and the application of the Simon Roy Figueras (SRF) procedure for the elicitation of weights criteria. The data collected have been processed through the DecSpace web platform.FindingsAmong the three domains, the organizational qualities appear to be the most important (W = 49%), followed by the environmental (W = 29%) and social aspects (W = 22%). Relevant indicators such as future-proofing, wayfinding and users’ space control emerged as the most important within each macro-area. Those results are confirmed by the outcome of the interviews that highlight user/patient-centeredness, wayfinding strategies and space functionality as the most important concepts to foster in existing healthcare facilities improvement.Practical implicationsThe study highlights important structural and organizational aspects that hospital managers and planners can consider when dealing with healthcare facilities’ quality improvement.Originality/valueThe use of the SRF multicriteria method is novel in this context when used to weight an assessment tool with a focus on hospital built environment.
Women empowerment, attitude toward risk-taking and entrepreneurial intention in the hospitality industry
Authors: Yoopetch Chanin 
Published: September 2020

PurposeFirst, this study aims to investigate the factors affecting entrepreneurial intentions. Second, it is to identify the influential factors with the highest influence on entrepreneurial intention.Design/methodology/approachThe sample of the current study was female employees in various hospitality firms, including restaurants, hotels and wellness services. The questionnaire was developed based on past research studies and was tested for reliability prior to the full set of data collection. To represent the early to mid-level career women in hospitality, female employees with at least one-year experience from hospitality businesses, such as restaurants and hotels, participated in the study and total usable samples were 416.FindingsThe findings demonstrated that attitude toward risk-taking, self-efficacy, subjective norm and empowerment is significantly influential to the entrepreneurial intention of the women in the hospitality industry. Based on the data analysis, attitude toward risk-taking has the highest influence on entrepreneurial intention. In other words, with a positive attitude toward risk-taking, female employees showed the greatest tendency to start their own business.Research limitations/implicationsThe current study extended the theory of planned behavior in that it can be used to explain the women’s entrepreneurial intention with subjective norms, attitudes and self-efficacy. The study also highlighted the flexibility of the theory in allowing the researchers to add external variables to help further investigate the relationships among all the factors in the models.Practical implicationsTo highlight the opportunity to promote more equality and diversity in the business management environments, the results from the study promoted the roles of women entrepreneurs to support hospitality business development. One of the most influential factors is the attitude toward risk-taking. This suggested that with the positive attitude toward risk, the respondents have higher entrepreneurial intentions. Promoting and sharing the success stories of female entrepreneurs can affect the attitude of female employees and raise their interests toward becoming entrepreneurs.Originality/valueThe current study provided a unique investigation on the early to mid-level career hospitality female employees to explore their intention to be entrepreneurs. This research offered the extension of the theory of planned behavior in the context of entrepreneurship.
Enhanced self-assessment of CPR by low-dose, high-frequency training
Authors: Abelsson Anna , Appelgren Jari , Axelsson Christer 
Published: September 2020

PurposeThe purpose was to investigate what effect an intervention of low-dose, high-frequency cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training with feedback for one month would have on professionals' subjective self-assessment skill of CPR.Design/methodology/approachThis study had a quantitative approach. In total, 38 firefighters performed CPR for two minutes on a Resusci Anne QCPR. They then self-assessed their CPR through four multiple-choice questions regarding compression rate, depth, recoil and ventilation volume. After one month of low-dose, high-frequency training with visual feedback, the firefighters once more performed CPR and self-assessed their CPR.FindingsWith one month of low-dose, high-frequency training with visual feedback, the level of self-assessment was 87% (n = 33) correct self-assessment of compression rate, 95% (n = 36) correct self-assessment of compression depth, 68% (n = 26) correct self-assessment of recoil and 87% (n = 33) correct self-assessment of ventilations volume. The result shows a reduced number of firefighters who overestimate their ability to perform CPR.Originality/valueWith low-dose, high-frequency CPR training with visual feedback for a month, the firefighters develop a good ability to self-assess their CPR to be performed within the guidelines. By improving their ability to self-assess their CPR quality, firefighters can self-regulate their compression and ventilation quality.
The effects of COVID-19 on job security and unemployment in Portugal
Authors: Almeida Fernando , Santos José Duarte 
Published: September 2020

PurposeThis short communication aims to explore and synthesize the main effects of COVID-19 on the labor market in Portugal regarding the dimensions related to job security and unemployment.Design/methodology/approachField research is used to identify and understand the challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic to the labor market in Portugal. Data from the National Institute of Statistics of Portugal are analyzed and compared with artifacts published in the field, which allow us to explore the impact of this phenomenon from multiple perspectives.FindingsThe findings indicate that the impact on the labor market is very asymmetric regarding geographical regions, sectors of activity, age groups and the nature of labor ties. The most touristic regions and those with a strong dependence on the exterior are the most affected. Young people and women with unstable employment relationships and in temporary work situations are also particularly vulnerable.Originality/valueThis study focuses on an emerging area with a strong impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the labor market. This study seeks both to identify challenges in the Portuguese labor market and to discuss measures that should be taken to mitigate their effects, such as reforming the social security model, the role of teleworking or the more balanced development of the territory.
A biopsychosocial framework for recovery from COVID-19
Authors: Stuart Kaz , Faghy Mark A. , Bidmead Elaine , Browning Ruth , Roberts Catriona , Grimwood Sam , Winn-Reed Thea 
Published: September 2020

PurposeThis paper proposes a biopsychosocial (BPS) analysis of COVID-19 experiences which enhances understanding of complex and interrelated factors and leads to the proposition of a BPS recovery framework.Design/methodology/approachOnline narrative research was used to explore people's experiences of COVID-19 and was conducted over a four-month period. The call was distributed via a short open-ended qualitative online survey advertised on social media platforms and 305 responses came from across England.FindingsThe findings illustrate people with a narrow range of BPS characteristics experienced over a wide range of BPS impacts which are nuanced, complex and dynamic. Left unaddressed these may create future adverse BPS characteristics. An integrated BPS framework for recovery is proposed to avoid such further negative outcomes from the pandemic.Research limitations/implicationsThe sample contained a bias in age, gender and living arrangements.Practical implicationsThe paper offers a clear framework to enable integrated holistic recovery/regrowth planning.Social implicationsUsing the framework would reduce social and health inequities which have been recently deepened by COVID-19 in the long-term.Originality/valueThe paper is original in its use of a BPS analytical framework.
Dark side of online social games (OSG) using Facebook platform: effect of age, gender, and identity as moderators
Authors: Chatterjee Sheshadri 
Published: September 2020

PurposeOnline social games (OSG) possess unique characteristics that distinguish them from other kind of online games. Its overuse has brought addiction to it. In this perspective, the purpose of this study is to identify the factors impacting addiction of OSG and to investigate the role of age, gender and identity (students and non-students) to moderate addiction of OSG.Design/methodology/approachThis study has developed a research model by the help of literature review and different relevant theories. This model has been validated by survey method using feedbacks of 305 social game players. Structural equation modeling technique has been used to validate the model.FindingsThe study has been able to find key factors of social influence and individual influence (characteristics) that impact the intention of the online social games players to play social games that ultimately may cause addiction to online social games. Further, the study highlights that gender and identity (students and non-students) have no effects on the addictive behavior of the social game players, whereas age has a moderating impact.Practical implicationsThe results of this study have derived a set of rich guidelines to the policymakers and the management of social media platforms (like Facebook) toward framing policy and regulations on online social games.Originality/valueThe study has been able to uniquely highlight the dark side of online social games and its consequences. The study also provides a guideline to the policymakers, practitioners and online social game players on how to restrict its over usage that may prompt online social game addiction.