bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gopher Tortoise Demographic Responses to a Novel Disturbance Regime
Authors: Howell Hunter J. , Rothermel Betsie B. , White K. Nicole , Searcy Christopher A. 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTThe long‐term viability of gopher tortoise (Gopherus polyphemus) populations is jeopardized by increased urbanization and habitat degradation owing to fire suppression. Because the species' remaining natural habitats in the southeastern United States exist within a mosaic of anthropogenic land uses, it is important to understand demographic responses to contrasting land uses and habitat management regimes. We examined differences in demographic parameters among fire‐suppressed sandhill, restored sandhill, and former sandhill (i.e., ruderal) land use‐land cover (LULC) types at Archbold Biological Station in south‐central Florida, USA. Using Program MARK, we estimated population size, and sex‐specific and LULC‐specific survivorship based on 6 years of mark‐recapture data. We also analyzed individual growth trajectories and clutch sizes to determine whether growth rates or reproductive output differed among LULC types. Tortoises in an open, ruderal field occurred at a higher density (7.79/ha) than in adjacent restored (1.43/ha) or fire‐suppressed (0.40/ha) sandhill. Despite this higher density, both adult survivorship and body size were significantly higher in the ruderal field. Furthermore, the larger female body size in the ruderal field likely contributed to increased annual survivorship and slightly larger average clutch sizes. We did not detect offsetting negative demographic effects; in particular, we did not find significant biological or statistical differences in body condition, asymptotic body size, or growth rate among the 3 LULC types. Our results suggest that anthropogenic, grass‐dominated land‐cover types may be important components of the habitat mosaic currently available to this at‐risk species. © 2019 The Wildlife Society.
The spectrum of involuntary vocalizations in humans: A video atlas
Authors: Mainka Tina , Balint Bettina , Gövert Felix , Kurvits Lille , van Riesen Christoph , Kühn Andrea A. , Tijssen Marina A.J. , Lees Andrew J. , Müller‐Vahl Kirsten , Bhatia Kailash P. , Ganos Christos 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn clinical practice, involuntary vocalizing behaviors are typically associated with Tourette syndrome and other tic disorders. However, they may also be encountered throughout the entire tenor of neuropsychiatry, movement disorders, and neurodevelopmental syndromes. Importantly, involuntary vocalizing behaviors may often constitute a predominant clinical sign, and, therefore, their early recognition and appropriate classification are necessary to guide diagnosis and treatment. Clinical literature and video‐documented cases on the topic are surprisingly scarce. Here, we pooled data from 5 expert centers of movement disorders, with instructive video material to cover the entire range of involuntary vocalizations in humans. Medical literature was also reviewed to document the range of possible etiologies associated with the different types of vocalizing behaviors and to explore treatment options. We propose a phenomenological classification of involuntary vocalizations within different categorical domains, including (1) tics and tic‐like vocalizations, (2) vocalizations as part of stereotypies, (3) vocalizations as part of dystonia or chorea, (4) continuous vocalizing behaviors such as groaning or grunting, (5) pathological laughter and crying, (6) vocalizations resembling physiological reflexes, and (7) other vocalizations, for example, those associated with exaggerated startle responses, as part of epilepsy and sleep‐related phenomena. We provide comprehensive lists of their associated etiologies, including neurodevelopmental, neurodegenerative, neuroimmunological, and structural causes and clinical clues. We then expand on the pathophysiology of the different vocalizing behaviors and comment on available treatment options. Finally, we present an algorithmic approach that covers the wide range of involuntary vocalizations in humans, with the ultimate goal of improving diagnostic accuracy and guiding appropriate treatment. © 2019 The Authors.Movement Disorderspublished by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
UWB monopole antenna with dual‐band‐notched characteristics
Authors: Puri Shiv C. , Das Sushrut , Tiary Madan G. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractA UWB planar monopole antenna with dual‐band notch characteristics is presented in this paper. Measured results show that the proposed antenna operates with a 2.76 to 11 GHz 10 dB return loss bandwidth with notch bands covering 3.45 to 4.81 and 5.24 to 6.21 GHz. The notch bands are suitably placed to eliminate interferences from WiMAX band (IEEE802.16), C‐band, INSAT band, and WLAN bands (IEEE802.11a/h/j/n). The lower notch band has been achieved by using 4 circular patch‐loaded stubs on the radiating structure, whereas 2 complementary split ring resonators have been used on ground plane to achieve the upper notch band. Necessary formulae for the design of the antenna have been provided. Measured |S11|, radiation patterns, gain, and group delay of the proposed antenna are presented. The results show that the proposed antenna is suitable for short‐range, high‐speed data communication using short pulses.
Coding for Malnutrition in the Hospital: Does It Change Reimbursement?
Authors: Doley Jennifer , Phillips Wendy 
Published: October 2019

AbstractProtein calorie malnutrition (PCM) is prevalent in the acute care setting, affecting up to 50% of hospitalized patients. PCM is associated with poor outcomes, including increased hospital and intensive care unit length of stay, hospital readmission rates, incidence of pressure injuries and nosocomial infections, and mortality. PCM is a financial burden on the healthcare system through direct costs related to treatment as well as indirect costs related to poorer outcomes and complications. Medical coding for malnutrition after a patient's hospital stay is poorly representative of the actual prevalence of malnutrition, as only a small percentage of these hospital stays are coded for PCM. Improvements in identification and coding of malnutrition can result in significant increases in hospital reimbursement, which can in part help defray increased costs associated with the condition.
Ageing the elderly: A new approach to the estimation of the age‐at‐death distribution from skeletal remains
Authors: McFadden Clare , Cave Christine M. , Oxenham Marc F. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis study reports on the use of a proportional measure to estimate the age‐at‐death distribution of an assemblage and, when combined with a seriation method, additionally estimate the age‐at‐death of individuals. Traditional methods of estimating age‐at‐death suffer from a number of issues, including decreasing accuracy with increasing age, age mimicry of the reference population, and difficulty balancing accuracy with precision. A new method is proposed for estimating the age‐at‐death distribution of middle and older adults. As the age‐at‐death distribution is significantly impacted by the fertility rate, it was hypothesised that the D0‐14/D ratio (the number of individuals who died aged 0–14 years divided by the total population; an indicator of fertility) may be able to estimate the proportion of individuals that might be expected to die in each five‐year age group over 35 years. The method permits the estimation of individual age when used in conjunction with seriation methods and the age‐at‐death distribution of a population. The method is tested on two samples of known age, the Spitalfields crypt and St Thomas' Church cemetery collections and found to provide greater accuracy over previously applied methods.
Digital divide and Internet health information seeking among cancer survivors: A trend analysis from 2011 to 2017
Authors: Jiang Shaohai , Liu Piper Liping 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe current study aims to explore the trend of Internet health information seeking (IHIS) in cancer survivors and the relationship between four dimensions of digital divide (eg, mental access, material access, skills access, and usage access) and IHIS.MethodsData from three iterations (2011, 2013, and 2017) of Health Information National Trends Survey were analyzed. Only cancer survivors (2011: n=563; 2013: n=459; 2017: n=504) were included. ANOVA and multivariate regressions were performed.ResultsThe rate of IHIS among cancer survivors has increased from 53.5% in 2011 to 69.2% in 2017. Also, across the three survey years, material access (eg, physical Internet access), usage access (eg, eHealth activities), and mental access (eg, trust in online health information) have remained in a significant and positive relationship with IHIS. Skills access (eg, health information seeking skills) and the other mental access factor, self‐efficacy in health information seeking, were not significantly associated with IHIS over time.ConclusionsThis research revealed a rising trend of IHIS adoption in cancer survivors, and demonstrated significant relationships between digital divide and IHIS. We call for targeted interventions to reduce the digital divide barriers for cancer survivors.
High Potassium Storage Capability of H2V3O8 in a Non‐Aqueous Electrolyte
Authors: Rastgoo‐Deylami Mohadese , Heo Jongwook W. , Hong Seung‐Tae 
Published: October 2019

AbstractPotassium‐ion batteries (KIBs) are one of the potential candidates for large‐scale energy storage devices with low cost due to the abundance of potassium resources. However, the development of cathode materials with high capacity and structural stability has been a challenge due to the difficulties of intercalation of the large size of K‐ions into host materials. In this work, H2V3O8 (or V3O7⋅H2O) is reported as a new cathode material for KIBs. It shows reversible potassium‐intercalation behavior with the first discharge capacity of 168 mAh g−1 at 5 mA g−1 and an average discharge voltage of ∼2.5 V (vs. K/K+) in 0.5 M KPF6 in EC/DEC (1:1 v/v). The specific capacity increases up to 181 mAh g−1 for the third cycle and gradually decreases with 75% of the capacity retention after 100 cycles. The chemical formula of the potassiated phase is K1.77H2V3O8. However, scan‐rate dependent cyclic voltammetry and elemental analyses suggest that ∼28% of the capacity comes from the surface K ions on the H2V3O8 particles; thus, the bulk‐intercalated phase can be formulated as K1.27H2V3O8. The crystal structure is stable during the electrochemical cycling, keeping the structural water, confirming that H2V3O8 can be considered as one of the high‐capacity cathode materials for KIBs.
Insight into Triphenylamine Donor Thiazole Acceptor Conjugated Oligomer to Analyze Emission Behavior towards Aggregation Pathway
Authors: Jagadeesan Senthilperumal , Mahesh Konagaluru , Karpagam Subramanian 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThree different conjugated oligomers was synthesized such as Triphenylamine combined thiazole (TPA‐TZ), Triphenylamine combined benzothiazole (TPA‐BTZ) and triphenylamine combined benzothiadiazole (TPA‐BTDZ) by Wittig condensation route. The effect of imine groups on the acceptor side from three oligomers were analysed from spectroscopic (FT‐IR, UV‐visible, fluorescence), thermal stability and electrochemical (Cv and conductivity) studies. These oligomers exhibited positive solvatochromism with respect to different polarity of the solvents. Absorption spectra resulted π‐π* electronic transition was occurring at 330–364 nm in a solution state. The oligomers TPA‐TZ, TPA‐BTZ exhibited bluish green fluorescence emission at 465, 455 nm and TPA‐BTDZ exhibited orange colour fluorescence emission at 566 nm. The electrochemical band gaps of the oligomers were calculated around 1.3‐1.5 eV. The thermal analysis reveals that the TPA‐BTDZ has shown higher thermal stability up to 270 °C than other oligomers. The benzothiadiazole based TPA (TPA‐BTDZ) has shown low band gap and optimum electrochemical conductivity (1.53×10−5 Ω−1 cm−1) than other oligomers. By increasing the water: THF fraction, switching of different emission colour, observed different emission wavelength and the particles was aggregated which was examined from SEM images.
Recent Developments in Heterogeneous Catalyzed Epoxidation of Styrene to Styrene Oxide
Authors: Batra Manohar Singh , Dwivedi Ritambhara , Prasad Rajendra 
Published: October 2019

AbstractEpoxidation of styrene under heterogeneous catalyzed conditions provides environmentally friendly routes to produce styrene oxide, an important synthetic intermediate for synthesis of perfumes, epoxy resins, plasticizers, drugs, sweeteners and fine chemicals. The present review explores epoxidation of styrene under heterogeneous catalysed conditions using a variety of catalysts such as metal nanoparticles, metal oxides (of group 12 and 13 metals, transition metals, rare earth metals), transition metals and complexes, polyoxometallates, microporous and mesoporous materials (zeolites, modified zeolites, organic/inorganic porous hybrid materials, porous metal oxides, SBA 15) and polymers using hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), tert‐butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP), air or oxygen as oxidants.The use of salen based transition metal complexes and of chiral porphyrins as catalysts in asymmetric epoxidation of styrene is also reviewed. The reaction mechanism studies of most of these reactions suggest an intermediate formation of a reactive metal‐oxygen species, by interactions between the catalyst and oxidant.
Highly Efficient Synthesis of 1‐Nitroindolizine Derivatives via the DBU/Acetic Acid System
Authors: Luo Naili , Li Mingshuang , Wang Ting , Li Yanxiang , Wang Cunde 
Published: October 2019

AbstractHighly efficient synthesis of poly‐substituted 1‐nitroindolizine derivatives via DBU‐mediated [3 + 2] annulations of pyridinium salts with β‐nitrostyrenes using acetic acid as solvent was developed. The new reaction systems and good functional‐group tolerance of the reaction make it an attractive method to access 1‐nitroindolizines. The synthetic protocol is superior to previous synthetic methods for the formation of 1‐nitroindolizine derivatives.
Synthesis and Structure Activity Relationships of Novel Dehydroepiandrosterone Derivatives as Potent Neuroprotective Agents and Nitric Oxide Production Inhibitors
Authors: Gan Haixian , Wu Yuhang , Jiang Kexin , Ge Songlan , Yao Yuqian , Wang Rui , Ma Lei 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn this study, a series of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) derivatives were synthesized by linking DHEA with active fragments such as carbamate, phthalimide and indoleacetic acid. In addition, the in vitro neuroprotective effects, via the oxidative stress mechanism, and nitric oxide (NO) production inhibitory activities of each compound were tested. The preliminary structure‐activity relationships of them indicated that DHEA with carbamate structure had a certain neuroprotective and anti‐inflammatory effect such as 3β‐(Cyclohexylamine‐1‐carboxylate)‐5‐androsten‐17‐one (A2) and 3β‐(3‐Chlorobenzylamine‐1‐carboxylate)‐5‐androsten‐17‐one (A6). And the ester derivatives with indoleacetic acid like 17β–(Heteroauxin‐1‐carboxylate)‐androst‐4‐en‐3‐one (A12) also exhibited both significant neuroprotective activity and NO inhibitory activity. According to these results, compound A6 is considered as a potential agent for the treatment of Alzheimer′s disease (AD) and deserve for further investigations.
Synthesis and characterization of Ag‐loaded p‐type TiO2 for adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of tetrabromobisphenol A
Authors: Zhang Yunhai , Zhou Shuangxi , Su Xin , Xu Jimin , Nie Guangze , Zhang Yongjun , He Yide , Yu Shuili 
Published: October 2019

AbstractA p‐type TiO2 with Ti vacancies (D‐TiO2) was synthesized by a facile solvothermal treatment, and Ag/TiO2 with different Ag loading amount was prepared through a photo‐reduction deposition method. The samples were characterized through scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The adsorption and photocatalytic characteristics of tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) on D‐TiO2 and Ag/TiO2 were investigated. The adsorption of TBBPA on Ag/TiO2 was significantly enhanced and was five times greater than that of pure TiO2. The increase in pH significantly inhibited the adsorption of TBBPA. The 2%‐Ag/TiO2 nearly completely degraded TBBPA in 10 min under UV–Vis light (λ > 360 nm), and the apparent reaction rate constant (kapp) reached 0.63 min−1. The significantly enhanced UV–Vis light catalytic properties of the Ag/TiO2 in comparison with that of TiO2 were attributed to the increased adsorption capacity and electron transfer ability of the Ag/TiO2. Free radical trap experiments results showed that holes and superoxide radicals play a major role in the catalytic degradation of TBBPA by Ag/TiO2. Moreover, the Ag/TiO2 catalyst exhibits high stability during TBBPA degradation even after three cycles.Practitioner points

Ti‐defected TiO2 and Ag/TiO2 were synthesized using a solvothermal and photo‐reduction deposition, respectively.

Ag/TiO2 exhibited outstanding adsorption and photocatalytic activity for TBBPA removal under UV–Vis light.

Holes and superoxide radicals play a major role in the photocatalytic degradation of TBBPA.
Beam-beam effects on the luminosity measurement at FCC-ee
Authors: Voutsinas Georgios , Perez Emmanuel , Dam Mogens , Janot Patrick 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe first part of the physics programme of the integrated FCC (Future Circular Colliders) proposal includes measurements of Standard Model processes in e+e−collisions (FCC-ee) with an unprecedented precision. In particular, the potential precision of the Z lineshape determination calls for a very precise measurement of the absolute luminosity, at the level of 10−4, and the precision on the relative luminosity between energy scan points around the Z pole should be an order of magnitude better. The luminosity is principally determined from the rate of low-angle Bhabha interactions, e+e−→e+e−, where the final state electrons and positrons are detected in dedicated calorimeters covering small angles from the outgoing beam directions. Electromagnetic effects caused by the very large charge density of the beam bunches affect the effective acceptance of these luminometers in a nontrivial way. If not corrected for, these effects would lead, at the Z pole, to a systematic bias of the measured luminosity that is more than one order of magnitude larger than the desired precision. In this note, these effects are studied in detail, and methods to measure and correct for them are proposed.
Cost-effectiveness of precision medicine: a scoping review
Authors: Kasztura Miriam , Richard Aude , Bempong Nefti-Eboni , Loncar Dejan , Flahault Antoine 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Objectives
Precision medicine (PM) aims to improve patient outcomes by stratifying or individualizing diagnosis and treatment decisions. Previous reviews found inconclusive evidence as to the cost-effectiveness of PM. The purpose of this scoping review was to describe current research findings on the cost-effectiveness of PM and to identify characteristics of cost-effective interventions.

Methods
We searched PubMed with a combination of terms related to PM and economic evaluations and included studies published between 2014 and 2017.

Results
A total of 83 articles were included, of which two-thirds were published in Europe and the USA. The majority of studies concluded that the PM intervention was at least cost-effective compared to usual care. However, the willingness-to-pay thresholds varied widely. Key factors influencing cost-effectiveness included the prevalence of the genetic condition in the target population, costs of genetic testing and companion treatment and the probability of complications or mortality.

Conclusions
This review may help inform decisions about reimbursement, research and development of PM interventions.
Predicting the Fibroid-Migratory Impact of UAE: Role of Pre-embolization MRI Characteristics
Authors: Mailli Leto , Auyoung Eric Y. , Angileri Salvatore A. , Ameli-Renani Seyed , Ratnam Lakshmi , Das Raj , Chun Joo-Young , Das Sourav , Manyonda Isaac , Belli Anna-Maria 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Aim
To investigate potential factors on MR imaging that could be used to predict migration of uterine fibroids post-UAE.

Methods and Materials
We retrospectively reviewed patients referred for UAE having pre-procedural and 6 months post-procedural MRI, at a tertiary centre, over a 1-year period. Pre- and post-UAE images were reviewed in 64 women by two radiologists to identify the sub-type, dimensions, and infarction rate of each dominant fibroid. The shortest distance between the fibroid and the endometrial wall was measured to determine intramural fibroid movement. Paired sample T tests and two-sample T tests were used to compare between pre- and post-embolization variations and between migrated and non-migrated intramural fibroids, respectively. After preliminary results suggested potential predictors of intramural fibroids migration, we tested our findings against the non-dominant intramural fibroids in the same patients.

Results
Review of images revealed 35 dominant intramural fibroids, of which eight migrated to become submucosal fibroids, while five were either partially or completely expelled. These 13 migrated fibroids had a shorter pre-procedural minimum endometrial distance (range 1–2.4 mm) and greater maximum fibroid diameter (range 5.1–18.1 cm), when compared to non-migrating fibroids. On image reassessment, the migrated non-dominant intramural fibroids had a minimum endometrial distance and maximum fibroid diameter within the same range.

Conclusion
Intramural fibroids with a minimum endometrial distance less than 2.4 mm and a maximum fibroid diameter greater than 5.1 cm have a high likelihood of migrating towards the endometrial cavity after UAE.
Auditory brainstem responses in the red-eared slider Trachemys scripta elegans (Testudoformes: Emydidae) reveal sexually dimorphic hearing sensitivity
Authors: Wang Tongliang , Li Handong , Cui Jianguo , Zhai Xiaofei , Shi Haitao , Wang Jichao 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Hearing sensitivity is of general interest from the perspective of understanding the functionality and evolution of vertebrate auditory systems. Sexual dimorphism of auditory systems has been reported in several species of vertebrates, but little is known about this phenomenon in turtles. Some morphological characteristics, such as middle ear and tympanic membrane that influence the hearing sensitivity of animals can result in hearing sexual dimorphism. To examine whether sexual dimorphism in hearing sensitivity occurs in turtles and to compare hearing characteristics with respect to the shape of the tympanic membrane, we measured the hearing sensitivity and tympanum diameter in both sexes of Trachemys scripta elegans. The results showed that, with the exception of 0.9 kHz, auditory brainstem response thresholds were significantly lower in females than in males for frequencies in the 0.2–1.1 kHz range, indicating that the hearing of females shows greater sensitivity. No significant differences were detected in the tympanum diameter of both sexes. These results showed that sexually dimorphic hearing sensitivity has evolved in turtles; however, this difference does not appear to be related to differences in the size of the tympanic membrane. The possible origin and function of the sexual differences in auditory characteristic are discussed.