bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cancer in Moroccan Elderly: The first Multicenter Transverse Study Exploring the Sociodemographic Characteristics, Clinical Profile and Quality of Life of Elderly Moroccan Cancer Patients
Authors: Amzerin Mounia , Laayachi Mohamed , Bazine Aziz , Aassab Rachid , Arifi Samia , Benbrahim Zineb , Khmamouche Mohamed Reda , Kairouani Mouna , Raiss Hanan , Majid Noura , Ouaouch Saloua , Ichou Mohammed , Afqir Said , Mellas Nawfal , Fetohi Mohamed , Razine Rachid , Errihani Hassan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Moroccan incidence of cancer is increasing with the lengthening of life expectancy. Data regarding elderly Moroccan cancer patients are lacking. In the context of our project aiming to develop an adapted version of the Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment CGA to the Moroccan population, we launched the first Moroccan multicenter transverse study to explore the characteristics of elderly Moroccan cancer patients.Methods The study was conducted in nine Moroccan medical oncology departments. Patients were enrolled over 4 months. Inclusion criteria were patients aged 65 years or over with verified solid cancer. The questionnaire included four sections: socio-demographic and economic data, clinical data, vulnerability and EORTC-QLQ C30. We explored the entire included population. Then, we compared the results according to age (65–70 years old and ≥ 71 years old) and sex. We also explored the correlation between G8 scores and the ability to practice religion as an indicator of fitness level.Results In total, 164 patients were enrolled. The mean age was 73.18 ± 6.01 years. The majority of patients were married, lived with their children and received their financial income from them. Fifteen percent of families asked to hide the diagnosis from the patient. Breast (23%), colorectal (15.9%) and lung (14%) cancers were the most frequent, and 83.5% had an abnormal G8. The majority of the patients were independent for basic daily activities. Female patients had poorer social and economic conditions. Abnormal G8 was correlated with religious practice and quality of life scores.Conclusion This is the first multicenter prospective study designed to collect data on the lifestyle and clinical profiles of elderly Moroccan cancer patients as an Arab and Muslim population. Our study shows that it is a well-cared-for population with strong social ties. However, there is deep economic vulnerability, especially among women, requiring urgent care. Religious practice is an important daily activity for our elderly patients and should be included in the Moroccan CGA.
Elevated Troponin T and enlarged left atrium predict the incidence of atrial fibrillation in patients with chronic kidney disease stage 4-5
Authors: Hakamäki Markus , Hellman Tapio , Lankinen Roosa , Koivuviita Niina , Pärkkä Jussi , Kallio Petri , Kiviniemi Tuomas , Airaksinen Juhani KE , Järvisalo Mikko J , Metsärinne Kaj 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background

Atrial fibrillation (AF) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are commonly co-existing conditions. However, data on epidemiology of AF in patients with CKD stage 4–5 is scarce.
Methods

We prospectively enrolled 210 consecutive non-dialysis patients with CKD stage 4–5 between 2013 and 2017. Follow-up data on AF incidence along with medical history, laboratory tests and echocardiography at baseline were gathered.
Results

At baseline, mean age was 62 years, estimated glomerular filtration rate 12.8 ml/min and 73/210 (34.8%) of the participants were female. Altogether 41/210 (19.5%) patients had a previous diagnosis of AF. After median follow-up of 46 [IQR 27] months, new-onset AF occurred in 33/169 (19.5%) patients (69.9 events/1000 person-years). Overall, 22/33 (66.7%) of patients with new-onset AF were identified with a triggering condition and 21/33 (63.6%) were receiving renal replacement therapy (dialysis or acquired kidney transplant) at the time of AF detection, respectively. In Cox proportional hazard model age > 60 years (HR 4.27, CI95% 1.57–11.64, p < 0.01), elevated troponin T (TnT) > 50 ng/l (HR 3.61, CI95% 1.55–8.37, p < 0.01) and left atrial volume index (LAVI) > 30 ml/m2 (HR 4.82, CI95% 1.11-21.00, p = 0.04) independently predicted the incidence of new-onset AF.
Conclusions

The prevalence and incidence of AF was markedly high in this prospective study on patients with CKD stage 4–5. Elevated TnT and increased LAVI were identified as independent predictors for new-onset AF in patients with severe CKD.
Effects of mouth breathing on facial skeletal development and malocclusion in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Authors: Zhao Ziyi , Zheng Leilei , Huang Xiaoya , Li Caiyu , Liu Jing , Hu Yun 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Mouth breathing is closely related to the facial skeletal development and malocclusion. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the effect of mouth breathing on facial skeletal development and malocclusion in children. METHODS: An electronic search in PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Medline, Web of Science, EMBASE and Sigle through February 23rd, 2020, was conducted. Methodological quality assessments of the selected articles were performed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Review Manager 5.3, was used to synthesize various parameters associated with the impact of mouth breathing on facial skeletal development and malocclusion. RESULTS: Following full-text evaluations for eligibility, 7 studies (387 mouth-breathing subjects and 433 nasal-breathing controls) were included in the final quantitative synthesis; they were all high-quality. The included indicators were SNA (p>0.050), ANS-PNS (p>0.050), 1.NB (p>0.050), MP-H (p>0.050), FMA (p>0.050), SNB (MD: -1.99, P <0.0001), ANB (MD: 0.95, P = 0.0005), SN-OP (MD: 3.20, P < 0.0001), SNGoGn (MD: 4.34, P < 0.0001), 1-NA (MD: 0.72, P = 0.004), 1. NA (MD: 1.98, P = 0.020), 1-NB (MD: 1.06, P < 0.0001), SPAS (MD: -5.23, P < 0.0001), PAS (MD: -2.11, P < 0.0001), and C3-H (MD: -1.34, P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: The results showed that mouth breathing can cause underdevelopment of the mandible. The mandible rotated backward and downward, and the occlusal plane was steep. However, there was little effect on the maxilla. In addition, mouth breathing presented a tendency of lip inclination of the upper and lower anterior teeth. Airway stenosis was common in mouth-breathing children. TRIAL REGISTRATION: crd-register@york.ac.uk; registration number CRD42019129198 KEYWORDS: Mouth breathing; Facial skeletal development; Children; Systematic review, Meta-analysis.
Liver Injury in patients with COVID-19: Clinical Profiles, CT findings and their Correlation with the Severity
Authors: Lei Ping , Zhang Lan , Han Ping , Zheng Chuansheng , Tong Qiaoxia , Shang Haitao , Yang Fan , Hu Yu , Li Xin , Song Yuhu 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Liver injury is found in some of patients with COVID-19. Liver injury of patients based on severity grading and abdominal radiological signs have not been reported until now. The aim of our study is to determine clinical profiles of the patients based on severity grading, describe abdominal radiological signs, and investigate the correlations of the severity with clinical profiles and radiological signs.METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included 115 patients with COVID-19 from Jan 2020 to Feb 2020. Medical records of the patients were collected and CT images were reviewed.RESULTS: Common clinical manifestations of the patients with COVID-19 were fever (68.70%), cough (56.52%), fatigue (31.30%); some of them had gastrointestinal symptoms (diarrhea,12.17%; nausea or vomiting 7.83%; inappetence, 7.83%). Abnormal liver function was observed in some of the patients with COVID-19. Significant differences in the levels of AST, albumin,CRP were observed among different groups classified by the severity. Common findings of upper abdominal CT scan were liver hypodensity (26.09%) and pericholecystic fat stranding (21.27%); liver hypodensity were more frequently found in critical cases (58.82%). The semi-quantitative CT score of pulmonary lesions, CT-quantified liver/spleen attenuation ratio correlated with severity grading in patients with COVID-19.CONCLUSIONS: Some of patients with COVID-19 displayed liver damage revealed by liver functional tests and upper abdominal CT imaging, and some of liver functional tests and CT signs correlate with severity grading; thus, it will allow an earlier identification of high-risk patients for early effective intervention.
Targeted Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) of Lung Cancer with Biotinylated Silicon (IV) Phthalocyanine
Authors: Dong Wenyi , Li Ke , Wang Shijie , Qiu Ling , Liu Qingzhu , Xie Minhao , Lin Jianguo 
Published: May 2020

Background:Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-associated mortality in the world. Traditional cancer therapies prolong the life expectancy of patients but often suffer from adverse reactions. Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) has been recommended as a treatment option for lung cancer in several countries, due to its non-invasive procedures, high selectivity and weak side effects.Objective:We have designed and synthesized a biotin receptor-targeted silicon phthalocyanine (IV) (compound 1) which showed a good therapeutic effect on biotin receptor-positive tumors. Since the overexpression of Biotin Receptor (BR) is also present in human lung cancer cells (A549), we explored the therapeutic properties of compound 1 on A549 xenograft tumor models.Methods:The selectivity of compound 1 toward A549 cells was studied with a fluorescence microscope and IVIS Spectrum Imaging System. The cytotoxicity was measured using the MTT assay. In vivo anti-tumor activity was investigated on the nude mice bearing A549 xenografts.Results:In vitro assays proved that compound 1 could selectively accumulate in A549 cells via the BR-mediated internalization. In vivo imaging and distribution experiments showed that compound 1 could selectively accumulate in tumor tissues of tumor-bearing mice. After 16 days of the treatment, the volumes of tumor in the PDT group were obviously smaller than that in other groups.Conclusion:This study demonstrates that compound 1 is a promising photosensitizer and has broad application prospects in clinical PDT of lung cancers.
Bioactive Molecules from the Alpinia Genus: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Dash Santwona , Panda Manasa K. , Singh Mayanglambam C. , Jit Bimal P. , Singh Yengkhom D. , Patra Jayanta K. 
Published: May 2020

Background:
Floral has diversity and unique nature due to the complex structure and component.
Alpinia is an important genus of the Zingiberaceae family having complex taxonomical diversity.
The presence of many unique bioactive molecules makes this genus, a pharmaceutically important
genus. They provide a wide range of medicinal properties, including traditional remedies to modern
therapeutic applications.

Methods:
Extracts of Alpinia mostly contain bioactive molecules and secondary metabolites such as
polyphenolics, tannins, flavonoids and other therapeutically important compounds. These bioactive
molecules are biologically active, treating against inflammation, cancer, arterial hypertension, and other
deadly diseases.

Results:
These bioactive molecules can act as natural enzyme inhibitors for some of the deadly diseases
and can block the pathway for metabolic activities. In addition, these genera have played a major role in
multidisciplinary studies of phytochemistry, ethnobotany, and pharmacological aspects in day-to-day life.

Conclusion:
Therefore, this review highlights the fewer known facts of the genus Alpinia in terms of bioactive
molecules and its significant therapeutic applications to help in combating major diseases of humans.
The Protective Roles and Molecular Mechanisms of Troxerutin (Vitamin P4) for the Treatment of Chronic Diseases: A Mechanistic Review
Authors: Zamanian Mohammad , Bazmandegan Gholamreza , Sureda Antoni , Sobarzo-Sanchez Eduardo , Yousefi-Manesh Hasan , Shirooie Samira 
Published: May 2020

:
Troxerutin (TRX), a semi-synthetic bioflavonoid derived from rutin, has been reported to
exert several pharmacological effects including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antihyperlipidemic,
and nephroprotective. However, the related molecular details and its mechanisms remain poorly
understood. In the present review, we presented evidences from the diversity in vitro and in vivo
studies on the therapeutic potential of TRX against neurodegenerative, diabetes, cancer and cardiovascular
diseases with the purpose to find molecular pathways related to the treatment efficacy.
TRX has a beneficial role in many diseases through multiple mechanisms including, increasing
antioxidant enzymes and reducing oxidative damage, decreasing in proapoptotic proteins (APAF-1,
BAX, caspases-9 and-3) and increasing the antiapoptotic BCL-2, increasing the nuclear translocation
of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and downregulating the nuclear factor κB
(NFκ). TRX also reduces acetylcholinesterase activity and upregulates phosphoinositide 3-
kinase/Akt signaling pathway in Alzheimer’s disease models. Natural products such as TRX may
develop numerous and intracellular pathways at several steps in the treatment of many diseases.
Molecular mechanisms of action are revealing novel, possible combinational beneficial approaches
to treat multiple pathological conditions.
The Early Results of Vertebral Pathological Compression Fracture of Extra- nodal Lymphoma with HIV-positive Patients Treated by Percutaneous Kyphoplasty
Authors: Sun Sheng , Xu Biao , Zhang Qiang , Zhao Chang-song , Ma Rui , He Jie , Zhang Yao 
Published: May 2020

Background:
Vertebral pathological compression fracture involving extra-nodal lymphoma impacts negatively on the quality of
life of HIV-positive patients. The choice of a safe and effective approach to palliative care in this condition remains a challenge.

Objective:
The purpose of this study was to investigate the safety and efficacy of percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) in the treatment of
vertebral pathological compression fracture of extra-nodal lymphoma in HIV-positive patients.

Methods:
A retrospective analysis, from January 2016 to August 2019, was performed on 7 HIV-positive patients, 3 males and 4 females,
with extra-nodal lymphoma with vertebral pathological compression fracture. The patients were treated using percutaneous kyphoplasty in
our hospital. Preoperative assessment of the patients was conducted regarding their hematological profile, biochemical indicators, liver and
kidney function, blood coagulation function, CD4+T lymphocyte count and viral load. Subsequently, the patients were placed on highly active
antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP) regimen. Besides,
antibiotics, nutritional support and immune-modulating drugs were also administered, rationally. Postoperative, the height of the anterior edge
of the injured vertebrae, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) values were evaluated. Patients were also
monitored for any complications relating to the operation.

Results:
The average CD4+T cell count for the patients was 164 (range 114 ~247 / ul) while the viral load was 26,269 (range 5,765 ~82,321
copies/ul). All patients received nutritional and immune support and registered significant improvements in the levels of ALB and Hb
(P<0.05). In all cases, the operation was uneventful with neither cement leakage nor toxic reactions observed. Similarly, no opportunity
infections, other complications or deaths were reported. The height of the anterior vertebral body and the ODI score of the injured vertebrae
were significantly improved immediately after surgery (P<0.05). Compared to the preoperative VAS (7.71±1.11), postoperative values were
significantly reduced immediately after surgery (3.85±0.90) and at 2 weeks, 1 month and 6 months post-surgery: 2.71±0.76, 3.29±1.11,
4.00±0.82, respectively (P<0.01).

Conclusion:
Supported with appropriate perioperative treatment measures, PKP is safe and effective in the treatment of pathological vertebral
compression fracture due to extra-nodal lymphoma in HIV-positive patients.
Evaluation of the Properties of Encapsulated Stavudine Microparticulate Lipid-based Drug Delivery System in Immunocompromised Wistar Rats
Authors: Chime Salome A. , Onunkwo Godswill C. , Attama Anthony A. 
Published: May 2020

Background:
Lipid based formulations have been confirmed to lower some side effects of drug and can be tailor made to offer sustained
drug release of drugs with short half-life like stavudine.

Aim:
To evaluate the immunomodulatory properties of stavudine-loaded solid lipid microparticles (SLMs) using immunocompromised Wistar rats.
Methods: The SLMs were formulated by homogenization method. The optimized batches were used for further in vivo studies. The effect of formulation
on the CD4 count and the haematological properties of immunocompromised Wistar rats were studied.

Results:
The particle size range of 4 -8 µm, EE range of 85-93 % and maximum drug release at 10 h. The CD4 cells increased from 115 ± 3.17 cell/mm3
at day zero to 495 ± 5.64 cell/mm3
at day 14 of treatment and 538 ± 6.31 cell/mm3
at day 21. The red blood cells increased from 2.64 ± 1.58 (x 106
/mm3
)
at day zero to 6.96 ± 3.47 (x 106
/mm3
) at day 14 and 7.85 ± 3.64 (x 106
/mm3
) at day 21. PCV increased significantly (p < 0.05) to about 42 – 50 % at
day 21 in the groups that received the SLMs formulations. The white blood cells (WBC) also were 12 x 103
/mm3
, for SLM formulations, while the rats
that received plain stavudine exhibited WBC of 9.6 x 103
/mm3
at day 21. The histopathological studies revealed that oral stavudine-loaded SLMs had
no significant damage to the kidney, liver, spleen and the brain of Wistar rats.

Conclusion:
Formulations exhibited significantly higher immunomodulatory properties than plain stavudine (p<0.05) and showed good properties for
once daily oral administration and could be a better alternative to plain stavudine tablets for the management of patients living with HIV.
Phyto-derived Products as Matrix Metalloproteinases Inhibitors in Cardiovascular Diseases
Authors: do Prado Alejandro F. , Bannwart Cahy M. , Shinkai Victoria M.T. , de Souza Lima Ildercílio M. , Meschiari César A. 
Published: May 2020

:
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are enzymes that present a metallic element in their
structure. These enzymes are ubiquitously distributed and function as extracellular matrix (ECM)
remodelers. MMPs play a broad role in cardiovascular biology regulating processes such as cell
adhesion and function, cellular communication and differentiation, integration of mechanical force
and force transmission, tissue remodeling, modulation of damaged-tissue structural integrity, cellular
survival or apoptosis and regulation of inflammation-related cytokines and growth factors.
MMPs inhibition and downregulation are correlated with minimization of cardiac damage, i.e.,
Chinese herbal medicine has shown to stabilize abdominal aorta aneurysm due to its antiinflammatory,
antioxidant and MMP-2 and 9 inhibitory properties. Thus phyto-derived products
rise as promising sources for novel therapies focusing on MMPs inhibition and downregulation to
treat or prevent cardiovascular disorders.
A Sleeping rs-fMRI Study of Preschool Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Li Xiaomeng , Wang Longlun , Qin Bin , Zhang Yun , Zhou Zhiming , Qin Yong , Bao Guangcheng , Huang Jie , Cai Jinhua 
Published: May 2020

Objectives:
The brain functional network of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) in the
earlier stages of life has been almost unknown due to difficulties in obtaining a resting-state functional
magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). This study aimed to perform rs-MRI under a sedated
sleep state and reveal possible alterations in the brain functional network.

Methods:
Rs-fMRI was performed in a group of preschool children (aged 2–6 years, 53 with ASD,
63 as controls) under a sedated sleeping state. Based on graph theoretical analysis, global and local
topological metrics were calculated to investigate alterations in brain functional networks. Besides,
correlation analyses were conducted between the abnormal attribute values and the Childhood
Autism Rating Scale (CARS) scores.

Results:
The graph theoretical analysis showed that the nodal degree of the right medial frontal
gyrus and the nodal efficiency of the right lingual gyrus in the ASD group were higher than those
in the control group (P<0.05). There was a statistically significant positive correlation (R=0.318,
P<0.05) between the right midfrontal gyrus nodal degree values and CARS scores in the ASD patients.

Conclusion:
Alterations of some nodal attributes in the brain network occurred in preschool autistic
children which could serve as potential imaging biomarkers for evaluating ASD in earlier
stages.
3D Printing as a Significant Achievement for Application in Posttraumatic Surgeries - A Literature Review
Authors: Smoczok Michał , Starszak Krzysztof , Starszak Weronika 
Published: May 2020

Background:
3D printing is increasingly used in many fields of medicine. The broadening
of knowledge in this field and the cooperation of doctors and engineers increase the interest in
this technology and results in attempts to implement it at every stage of the treatment.

Objective:
The review aims to summarize the current literature on the use of 3D printing technology
in the treatment of post-trauma patients.

Method:
A review of available scientific publications in PubMed regarding 3D printing and its application
in the context of posttraumatic procedures was carried out. Clinical Trials and Reviews
from the period 2014-2019 (6-year period) were taken into consideration. The database was
searched for “Printing”, “ThreeDimensional” [MAJR] [MeSH Term]. Finally, 48 studies have been
included in our review article.

Results:
3D printing technology has a number of applications in patients who have suffered injuries.
3D printing has found application in the preparation of procedures, accurate visualization of
occurring injuries and complications, education of doctors and patients, prototyping, creation of
synthetic scaffolding, production and implementation of target implants and rehabilitation.

Conclusion:
3D printing is increasingly used in providing for the posttraumatic patients. It is necessary to conduct further research in this area
and to provide development opportunities in regarding biopolymers and bioprinting. It is also necessary to improve cooperation between doctors
and engineers and to create new centres that can comprehensively use 3D printing - from imaging diagnostics to the production of implants and
their surgical use.