bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the performance of two neutral oral contrast agents in computed tomography enterography: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Zheng Meng Qi , Zeng Qing Shi , Yu Yong Quan , Ji Rui , Li Yue Yue , Zhang Ming Ming , Sun Yi Ning , Li Li Xiang , Zuo Xiu Li , Yang Xiao Yun , Li Yan Qing 
Published: December 2019

ObjectiveTo compare the performances, tolerability and acceptability of mannitol and polyethylene glycol (PEG) as oral contrast agents in patients undergoing computed tomography enterography (CTE).MethodsPatients aged 18‐75 years indicated for CTE were randomized to receive either mannitol or PEG as contrast agents. The coronal reconstructed images of each abdominal quadrant were assessed for maximum distention, proportion of distended bowel loops, presence of inhomogeneous contents and visibility of the small bowel wall. Overall subjective imaging quality assessment and patients’ tolerability and acceptability were recorded.ResultsSeventy patients were enrolled and randomized into two groups. In the per‐protocol analysis, no significant differences in imaging quality was found in bowel distention maximum diameter, wall visibility and intestinal homogeneity (all P > 0.05). The mean nausea score was lower in the mannitol group (0 [0‐0] vs 1.0 [0‐3.0], P < 0.001). Mannitol was superior to PEG in taste (9.0 [8.0‐10.0] vs 7.0 [5.0‐8.0], P < 0.001), patients’ willingness to reuse the drug (9.0 [8.0‐10.0] vs 8.0 [7.0‐9.0], P = 0.036), satisfaction (9.0 [8.0‐10.0] vs 8.0 [7.0‐9.0], P = 0.022) and ease of completion (9.0 [8.0‐9.3] vs 8.0 [6.5‐9.0], P = 0.030).ConclusionsBoth mannitol and PEG provided good bowel distention and visualization of the bowel wall. However, mannitol was significantly superior to PEG in patients’ tolerability and acceptability.
Phytophagy in a Polypedilum (Diptera: Chironomidae) species new to Australia and Japan: taxonomy and expanded Asian distribution
Authors: Tang Hongqu , Cranston Peter S 
Published: December 2019

AbstractPolypedilum johannseni Sublette & Sublette (= Chironomus (Polypedilum) anticus Johannsen), described from Indonesia, is recorded from Australia, where larvae are newly reported to feed on species of the aquatic fern Azolla Lam. (Salviniaceae). We extend the Australian distribution for the species that was reported previously as Polypedilum ‘nr seorsus’ from northern Australia. Review of the species in Asia shows previously known presence in Singapore as Polypedilum anticus and in Thailand and the Philippines, where the larva was reported to feed on Azolla. In China, Polypedilum johannseni is reported from a diverse range of aquatic host plants, including Azolla. We also newly report the species from Japan, where larvae feed on hybrid Azolla cristata × Azolla filiculoides and Trapa japonica Flerow (Lythraceae). We review the taxonomy, provide new illustrations, record and map the wider distribution and comment on morphological variation. Here, we also redescribe the Australian Polypedilum seorsus (Skuse) with which P. johannseni has been confused, and from China, we redescribe Polypedilum tigrinum Hashimoto, the larva of which is a proven aquatic phytophage that co‐occurs with several species of Polypedilum, including P. johannseni.
On Listening: Stories, Polyphony and the Vagaries of Representation
Authors: Foster Stephen William 
Published: December 2019

SummaryListening is a paramount but neglected element of social practice. In storytelling, dialogue, psychoanalysis, ethnography, and theater (to name a few), listener–speaker dynamics shape listening's effects. The polyphony of experience, the normalization of representation, and the inflections imposed by ideologies and desire are critical issues in listening practice. They may be addressed through re‐listening and self‐reflective listening. Revisiting the occasion of listening or its textualization may afford thinking differently as well as self‐understanding.
The role of allogeneic stem cell transplantation in the management of acute myeloid leukaemia: a triumph of hope and experience
Authors: Loke Justin , Malladi Ram , Moss Paul , Craddock Charles 
Published: December 2019

SummaryAcute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is the commonest indication for allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo‐SCT) worldwide. The accumulated experience of allografting in AML over the last four decades has provided critical insights into both the contribution of the conditioning regimen and the graft‐versus‐leukaemia effect to the curative potential of the most common form of immunotherapy utilised in standard clinical practice. Coupled with advances in donor availability and transplant technologies, this has resulted in allo‐SCT becoming an important treatment modality for the majority of adults with high‐risk AML. At the same time, advances in genomic classification, coupled with progress in the accurate quantification of measurable residual disease, have increased the precision with which allo‐mandatory patients can be identified, whilst simultaneously permitting accurate identification of those patients who can be spared the toxicity of an allograft. Despite this progress, disease recurrence still remains a major cause of transplant failure and AML has served as a paradigm for the development of strategies to reduce the risk of relapse ‒ notably the novel concept of post‐transplant maintenance, utilising pharmacological or cellular therapies.
Relationship between plasma volume and essential blood constituents in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Diaz‐Canestro Candela , Haider Thomas , Lundby Carsten , Montero David 
Published: December 2019

SummaryIntroductionNotwithstanding recent progress on molecular mechanisms underlying heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), multiple pathophysiological aspects of this condition including the basis of anaemia and other haematological disorders remain unresolved. In this study, we sought to determine the relationship of plasma volume (PV), a plausible confounding factor for the concentration of solutes in blood, with key haematological markers in HFpEF patients.MethodsTotal circulating PV was determined with high precision, automated carbon monoxide rebreathing in 24 stable HFpEF patients (70 ± 8 years, left ventricular ejection fraction = 55±5%) and 18 healthy age‐ and sex‐matched control (HC) individuals. Linear regression analyses were performed to determine the association of PV with a comprehensive set of haematological variables.ResultsHaematocrit (40·1 ± 4·9 versus 43·6 ± 2·7%, P = 0·004) and haemoglobin concentration (131 ± 16 versus 142 ± 7 g l−1, P = 0·003) were reduced in HFpEF patients compared with HC individuals. In regression analyses, PV was negatively associated with haematocrit (r = −0·45, P = 0·029) and haemoglobin concentration (r = −0·44, P = 0·030) in HFpEF patients, whereas these variables were not associated with PV in HC individuals (P≥0·198). Regarding blood electrolytes, PV was negatively associated with K+ (r = −0·43, P = 0·036) and Ca2+ (r = −0·44, P = 0·032) in HFpEF patients but not in HC individuals (P≥0·734). None of the above associations were detected in HFpEF patients when using ideal instead of measured PV.ConclusionThe blood concentration of routine markers of anaemia and electrolyte balance is specifically and linearly associated with PV in HFpEF patients. Excess or deficit of circulating PV may confound clinical diagnosis in this population.
Graphene oxide‐based experimental silane primers enhance shear bond strength between resin composite and zirconia
Authors: Khan Aftab A. , Al‐Khureif Abdulaziz A. , Saadaldin Selma A. , Mohamed Badreldin A. , Musaibah Abobaker S. O. , Divakar Darshan D. , Eldwakhly Elzahraa 
Published: December 2019

Despite various mechanical and chemical surface‐pretreatment methods, long‐term bonding of resin composite to dental zirconia (ZrO2) remains a major concern. In this study, graphene oxide (GO) sheets were infused into two commercially available primers and the enclosed mould shear bond strength (EM‐SBS) of resin composite to ZrO2 was evaluated. Twelve fully sintered ZrO2 blanks were pretreated and randomly allocated to four groups according to the primers used: RelyX (RX); GO blended RelyX (RXGO); Monobond‐S (MB); and GO blended Monobond‐S (MBGO). The resin composite stubs were bonded onto the pretreated ZrO2 surfaces and analysed at baseline and after storage in distilled water for 2 and 4 months. The experimental primers blended with GO sheets influenced the surface morphology, visualized as increased surface roughness, and slightly increased the water contact angle measurements. Moreover, the infusion of primers with GO increased the mass fraction (wt%) of carbon and oxygen. The highest EM‐SBS values were found for RXGO, with mean (SD) EM‐SBS values of 26.4 (3.7) MPa and 21.5 (5.1) MPa after 2 and 4 months of storage, respectively. Infusion of silane primers with nanometre‐ to micrometre‐size GO sheets enhanced the SBS between resin composite and ZrO2.
Differences in CEO compensation under large and small institutional ownership
Authors: Tosun Onur Kemal 
Published: December 2019

AbstractI examine the influence of large and small institutional investors on different components of chief executive officer (CEO) compensation, using US data for 2006–2015. An increase in large institutional ownership reduces total pay and current incentive compensation (i.e., options, stocks, bonus pay), whereas small institutional investors lower long‐term incentive pay (i.e., pension, deferred pay, stock incentive pay). These findings are consistent with managerial agency theory and the substitution of incentive pay by institutional monitoring. The effects are stronger for higher ownership levels and firms with weak governance, less financial distress, long‐tenured CEOs, multiple segments, and more free cash flow.
The effect of frequent hemodialysis on matrix metalloproteinases, their tissue inhibitors, and FGF23: Implications for blood pressure and left ventricular mass modification in the Frequent Hemodialysis Network trials
Authors: Chan Christopher T. , Kaysen George A. , Beck Gerald J. , Li Minwei , Lo Joan C. , Rocco Michael V. , Kliger Alan S. ,   for the FHN Trials
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackground: Frequent hemodialysis modifies serum phosphorus, blood pressure, and left ventricular mass (LVM). We ascertained whether frequent hemodialysis is associated with specific changes in biomarker profile among patients enrolled in the frequent hemodialysis network (FHN) trials.Methods: This was a post hoc analysis of biomarkers among patients enrolled to the FHN trials. In particular, we hypothesized that frequent hemodialysis is associated with changes in a specific set of biomarkers which are linked with changes in blood pressure or LVM.Results: Among 332 randomized patients, 243 had biomarker data available. Of these, 124 patients were assigned to 3‐times‐a‐week hemodialysis (94 [Daily Trial] and 30 [Nocturnal Trial]) and 119 patients were assigned to 6‐times‐a‐week hemodialysis (87 [Daily Trial] and 32 [Nocturnal Trial]). Frequent hemodialysis lowered phosphate, blood pressures, LVM, log fibroblast growth factor (FGF)23, and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase (TIMP)—2 levels. The fall in phosphate was associated with changes in FGF23 (r = 0.48, P < 0.001) [Daily Trial] and (r = 0.55, P < 0.001) [Nocturnal Trial]) and tended to be associated with changes in systolic blood pressure (r = 0.18, P = 0.057) [Daily Trial] and (r = 0.31, P = 0.04) [Nocturnal Trial]. Within the Daily Trial, changes in MMP2 (r = 0.20, P = 0.034) were associated with changes in LVM. In the Nocturnal Trial, changes in TIMP‐1 (r = 0.37, P = 0.029) and MMP 9 (r = −0.38, P = 0.01) were associated with LVM changes. MMP2 changes were associated with changes in systolic blood pressure.Conclusions: Reduction of serum phosphate by frequent hemodialysis may modulate FGF23 levels and systolic blood pressure. Markers of matrix turnover are associated with LVM changes. Frequent hemodialysis may affect pathological mediators of chronic kidney disease‐mineral bone‐metabolism disorder.
The effects of negative content in social networking profiles on perceptions of employment suitability
Authors: Tews Michael J. , Stafford Kathryn , Kudler Ethan P. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAs a step toward further understanding the relationship between social networking content and perceptions of employment suitability, the present study assessed the impact of three examples of potentially negative content. Namely, this research focused on self‐absorption, opinionatedness, and alcohol and drug use, where a sample of 436 hiring managers evaluated experimentally manipulated hypothetical Facebook candidate profiles. The results demonstrated that content related to each construct had a negative impact on person–organization fit and overall candidate evaluation. Moreover, self‐absorption had the largest negative effect. There were also significant hiring manager age interaction effects. Older hiring managers more heavily weighted less opinionated content with respect to overall candidate evaluation and content without alcohol and drug use for person–organization fit.
Seed rain and its role in the recolonization of degraded hill slopes in semi‐arid central Tanzania
Authors: Lyaruu Herbert V. M. 
Published: December 2019

SummaryA seed rain study in semi‐arid central Tanzania was conducted with the objective of providing guidelines on how to rehabilitate the degraded vegetation on the hillslopes of the Kondoa Irangi. The seed rain included predominantly wind‐dispersed diaspores which accounted for 78% of the species (45 out of 57) and 97% of the diaspores. The density ranged from 230 to 1667 seeds m‐2 over an 8‐month period. Both species richness and seed density were negatively correlated with vegetation cover. The increasing seed densities with decreasing vegetation cover signifies the importance of anemochory in areas undergoing regeneration succession. Cluster analysis of the seed rain data based on squared Euclidean distances produced a dendrogram with three distinct clusters, representing anemochorous seeds, epi‐zoochorous seeds and a mixture of both, but dominated by seeds with no obvious dispersal appendages. Management including controlled re‐introduction of livestock to the hills to increase nitrogen mineralization, species diversity and to reduce grass biomass, and hence the severity of fires, may be an appropriate solution to speed up the vegetation recovery process.
The pupil: a window on social automatic processing in autism spectrum disorder children
Authors: Aguillon‐Hernandez Nadia , Mofid Yassine , Latinus Marianne , Roché Laetitia , Bufo Maria Rosa , Lemaire Mathieu , Malvy Joëlle , Martineau Joëlle , Wardak Claire , Bonnet‐Brilhault Frédérique 
Published: December 2019

BackgroundFaces are crucial social stimuli, eliciting automatic processing associated with increased physiological arousal in observers. The level of arousal can be indexed by pupil diameter (the ‘Event‐Related Pupil Dilation’, ERPD). However, many parameters could influence the arousal evoked by a face and its social saliency (e.g. virtual vs. real, neutral vs. emotional, static vs. dynamic). A few studies have shown an atypical ERPD in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) patients using several kinds of faces but no study has focused on identifying which parameter of the stimulus is the most interfering with face processing in ASD.MethodsIn order to disentangle the influence of these parameters, we propose an original paradigm including stimuli along an ecological social saliency gradient: from static objects to virtual faces to dynamic emotional faces. This strategy was applied to 186 children (78 ASD and 108 typically developing (TD) children) in two pupillometric studies (22 ASD and 47 TD children in the study 1 and 56 ASD and 61 TD children in the study 2).ResultsStrikingly, the ERPD in ASD children is insensitive to any of the parameters tested: the ERPD was similar for objects, static faces or dynamic faces. On the opposite, the ERPD in TD children is sensitive to all the parameters tested: the humanoid, biological, dynamic and emotional quality of the stimuli. Moreover, ERPD had a good discriminative power between ASD and TD children: ASD had a larger ERPD than TD in response to virtual faces, while TD had a larger ERPD than ASD for dynamic faces.ConclusionsThis novel approach evidences an abnormal physiological adjustment to socially relevant stimuli in ASD.
Single and combined effects of Drosophila suzukii and Drosophila melanogaster on sour rot development in viticulture
Authors: Entling Wiebke , Hoffmann Christoph 
Published: December 2019

AbstractSour rot is a disease complex that causes serious damage in viticulture. The common vinegar fly Drosophila melanogaster (Diptera: Drosophilidae) is associated with sour rot in overripe or otherwise damaged grapes. Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) is an invasive species, which is suspected to induce sour rot in previously undamaged grapes due to the flies' ability to infest healthy, undamaged soft fruits with its serrated ovipositor. As a consequence, infection of healthy grapes by D. suzukii may facilitate the colonization by D. melanogaster. We investigated the single and combined effects of D. suzukii and D. melanogaster on sour rot development by measuring volatile acidity under near‐natural conditions in the vineyard, along with laboratory experiments under controlled climate. In 2017, the combined field and laboratory experiments suggested that the presence of D. suzukii and D. melanogaster increased the volatile acidity levels at a similar rate. In 2018, the field experiments showed an only marginal increase in sour rot development in treatments with both Drosophila species. Under more favourable laboratory conditions, the presence of D. suzukii, but not D. melanogaster triggered sour rot emergence. A facilitating effect of D. suzukii infestation for D. melanogaster was not detectable. These findings suggest that D. suzukii does in fact have the potential to trigger sour rot, but will probably rarely do so under field conditions in the vineyard, at least in the studied region. Instead, our study showed that D. melanogaster can have a similar impact on sour rot development as D. suzukii, emphasizing the need of comparative studies.
Scoping review of the impact of birth trauma on clinical decisions of midwives
Authors: Minooee Sonia , Cummins Allison , Sims Deborah J. , Foureur Maralyn , Travaglia Joanne 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe psychological and emotional impact of a traumatic birth experience on clinicians is well‐established. It is also known that emotions can generally influence decisions. However, it is not clear whether experiencing a birth trauma can affect the professional behaviour and decision‐making of clinicians. This study explores the impact of birth trauma on clinical decision‐making of midwives.Data SourcesFour databases (Medline, Scopus, CINAHL and ProQuest) were searched to identify English language studies published from 1990 to 2018. Due to the lack of studies with specific focus on clinical decision‐making after birth trauma, we defined two main domains for our literature search. To be included, studies had to focus on either traumatic birth experience or clinical decision‐making in midwifery. The findings of the two domains were then integrated.Study SelectionOf a total 2104 studies identified, 70 received full‐text screening with 40 included in the review. Twenty‐two articles were about traumatic birth events and 18 examined decision‐making in midwifery.Data ExtractionInformation were extracted on each article's purpose, study design, data collection, participants, definitions of birth trauma and the context in which clinical decisions were made.ResultsThematic analysis was conducted. The impact of birth trauma on midwives could be categorized into the following themes: psychological issues; professional concerns; changes in practice and positive impact. Review of literature indicated that clinical decision‐making could be influenced through all these themes.ConclusionDecision‐making can be impacted by the midwife's affective state related to previous experience of birth trauma. The continuum of impact may vary from increased defensiveness to increased personal and professional growth. Being aware of this impact can help midwives to better manage their emotions while making decision after traumatic birth experiences.
Evaluation of antioxidant level and protein oxidation of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fillets during rigor and post‐rigor
Authors: Isık Abdulcelil , Atamanalp Muhammed , Alak Gonca 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn this study, the relationship between stunning techniques and protein oxidation which are accepted as the main cause of food spoilage was investigated. For this purpose, the antioxidant status, in vivo myofibrillary protein (MP) oxidation and sensitivity, and postmortem oxidation (inducted with hydroxyl radical system) of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fillets killed by hitting to head (T1), neck crushing (T2), and convulsion (T3) methods, were investigated. Statistically significant differences (p < .05) were found among all parameters examined and it was observed that the most stressing technique was the convulsion method. It was determined that in protein profiles myosin were influenced too much from stunning technique and in actin observed oxidation‐induced reductions. Reductions in S‐S and S‐H were also found to be increased in carbonyl concentrations, but the most effective values in both processes were determined by the convulsive technique. Our results show that short‐term stunning techniques (hitting to head, neck crushing) give better meat quality results in terms of O. mykiss welfare and low MP oxidation rates. In general, we can say that T3 group fillets are more sensitive to oxidative damage, while T1 and T2 groups give better results in maintaining meat quality with low MP oxidation rates.