bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bell’s palsy: clinical and neurophysiologic predictors of recovery
Authors: Flifel Mohamed E. , Belal Tamer , Abou Elmaaty Ali A. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
The annual incidence of Bell’s palsy (BP) is 15 to 20 per 100,000 with 40,000 new cases each year, and the lifetime risk is 1 in 60. For decades, clinicians have searched the prognostic tests of sufficient accuracy for acute facial paralysis.

Objective
The present study was designed to verify in BP which clinical or electrophysiological parameters could be considered as predictive of the degree of recovery of normal facial muscle function.

Methods
Sixty-three patients with BP were initially assessed according to the House and Brackmann facial function scoring system “HB system”. All patients were followed for 3 months, the functional recovery then reassessed according to HB system. Nerve conduction studies were measured on the affected side via a bipolar surface stimulator placed over the stylomastoid foramen.

Results
We could not find statistically significant differences between BP with good and poor prognosis as regard age, sex, onset, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, or the initial HB Score. Compound motor action potential amplitude (CMAP) detected during the initial electroneurography (ENoG) was statistically significant between BP with good and poor prognosis.

Conclusions
The initial ENoG is more predictive of recovery of Bell’s palsy than the initial clinical grading using the HB system. Age, sex, hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia do not seem to correlate with the degree of recovery in Bell’s palsy.
Impact of Asparaginase Discontinuation on Outcome in Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Report From the Children’s Oncology Group
Authors: Gupta Sumit , Wang Cindy , Raetz Elizabeth A. , Schore Reuven , Salzer Wanda L. , Larsen Eric C. , Maloney Kelly W. , Mattano Len A. , Carroll William L. , Winick Naomi J. , Hunger Stephen P. , Loh Mignon L. , Devidas Meenakshi 
Published: April 2020

PURPOSE Asparaginase (ASNase) is an important component of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) treatment, but is often discontinued because of toxicity. Erwinia chrysanthemi ASNase ( Erwinia) substitution was approved in 2011 for allergic reactions. Erwinia has, however, been intermittently unavailable because of drug supply issues. The impact of Erwinia substitution or complete ASNase discontinuation is unknown. METHODS Patients aged 1-30.99 years in frontline Children’s Oncology Group trials for B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia between 2004 and 2011 (National Cancer Institute [NCI] standard risk [SR]: AALL0331; NCI high risk: AALL0232) were included. The number of prescribed pegaspargase (PEG-ASNase) doses varied by trial and strata. Maintenance therapy did not contain ASNase. Landmark analyses at maintenance compared disease-free survival (DFS) among those receiving all prescribed PEG-ASNase doses versus switching to Erwinia but receiving all doses versus not receiving all ASNase doses. RESULTS We included 5,195 AALL0331 and 3,001 AALL0232 patients. The cumulative incidence of PEG-ASNase discontinuation was 12.2% ± 4.6% in AALL0331 and 25.4% ± 0.8% in AALL0232. In multivariable analyses, NCI high-risk patients not receiving all prescribed ASNase doses had inferior DFS (hazard ratio [HR], 1.5; 95% CI, 1.2 to 1.9; P = .002) compared with those receiving all prescribed PEG-ASNase doses. Patients with Erwinia substitution who completed subsequent courses were not at increased risk (HR, 1.1; 95% CI, 0.7 to 1.6; P = .69). NCI SR patients who discontinued ASNase were not at elevated risk (HR, 1.2; 95% CI, 0.9 to 1.6; P = .23), except when restricted to those with slow early response, who were prescribed more ASNase because of therapy intensification (HR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.1 to 2.7; P = .03). CONCLUSION Discontinuation of ASNase doses is associated with inferior DFS in higher-risk patients. Our results illustrate the severe consequences of Erwinia shortages.
Activin A Determines Steroid Levels and Composition in the Fetal Testis
Authors: Whiley Penny A F , O’Donnell Liza , Moody Sarah C , Handelsman David J , Young Julia C , Richards Elizabeth A , Almstrup Kristian , Western Patrick S , Loveland Kate L 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Activin A promotes fetal mouse testis development, including driving Sertoli cell proliferation and cord morphogenesis, but its mechanisms of action are undefined. We performed ribonucleic acid sequencing (RNA-seq) on testicular somatic cells from fetal activin A-deficient mice (Inhba KO) and wildtype littermates at embryonic day (E) E13.5 and E15.5. Analysis of whole gonads provided validation, and cultures with a pathway inhibitor discerned acute from chronic effects of altered activin A bioactivity. Activin A deficiency predominantly affects the Sertoli cell transcriptome. New candidate targets include Minar1, Sel1l3, Vnn1, Sfrp4, Masp1, Nell1, Tthy1 and Prss12. Importantly, the testosterone (T) biosynthetic enzymes present in fetal Sertoli cells, Hsd17b1 and Hsd17b3, were identified as activin-responsive. Activin-deficient testes contained elevated androstenedione (A4), displayed an Inhba gene dose-dependent A4/T ratio, and contained 11-keto androgens. The remarkable accumulation of lipid droplets in both Sertoli and germ cells at E15.5 indicated impaired lipid metabolism in the absence of activin A. This demonstrated for the first time that activin A acts on Sertoli cells to determine local steroid production during fetal testis development. These outcomes reveal how compounds that perturb fetal steroidogenesis can function through cell-specific mechanisms and can indicate how altered activin levels in utero may impact testis development.
Paediatric oncology providers' perspectives on early integration of paediatric palliative care
Authors: Saad Rima , Kurdahi Lina Badr , Yazbick-Dumit Nuhad , Irani Christelle , Muwakkit Samar 
Published: April 2020

Background: Healthcare providers' perceptions of palliative care in children with cancer influence care management, specifically that of its early integration. Thus, it is crucial to understand the perspectives of the providers on early integration of palliative care so that measures to create informed care decisions are based on reconciling their views. Aims: To explore the perceptions of paediatric oncology providers at the Children's Cancer Institute (CCI) in Lebanon regarding the integration of early paediatric palliative care (PPC) in the management of children with cancer. Methods: A qualitative descriptive research design with focus groups was used in a leading paediatric oncology setting. Findings: The thematic analysis yielded four themes: (1) healthcare providers understood palliative care as pain relief and psychological support mainly at the end of life; (2) the timing of integrating PPC is linked to end of life, advanced disease or treatment failure; (3) interdisciplinary collaboration is important for addressing patients' and families' needs effectively; and (4) communication with the child and family is one of the most difficult aspects of integrating PPC. Conclusion: This study demonstrated the perceptions of healthcare providers about early palliative care in paediatric oncology in Lebanon. It also highlighted the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration and effective communication with the child and family for better management of PPC.
The association between registration status and reported outcomes in physiotherapy randomised controlled trials
Authors: Ellaway-Barnard Christopher , Killick Hannah , Peryer Guy , Cross Jane L , Smith Toby O 
Published: April 2020

Background/Aims Clinical trial registration has been proposed as a method of mitigating selective reporting in scientific research. It remains unknown whether trial registration is associated with reported outcomes in physiotherapy trials. This study aimed to analyse the association between registration status and outcome (the rejection or acceptance of a primary null hypothesis) for physiotherapy randomised controlled trials. Methods All randomised controlled trials reporting a physiotherapy intervention in publications listed in PubMed between 1 January 2017 and 30 June 2017 were included. Trial registration was determined based on the reporting of a registration number in the primary article or by identifying trials through trial registries. Results Of the 291 trials analysed, 176 (60.5%) were registered; 115 (39.5%) were not. There was no significant association between trial registration and outcome on multivariate analyses (Odds Ratio 1.65; 95% Confidence Interval (0.92–2.96); P=0.09). Only 22% of trials were prospectively registered. Conclusions Registration status and trial outcome are not associated in randomised controlled trials of physiotherapy interventions. The rate of physiotherapy trial registration remains low.
SOCIAL WELL-BEING OF THE POPULATION AS INDICATOR OF SECURITY AND TRUST IN THE ALTAI TERRITORY
Authors: Cherepanova Maria I. , Gorbunova Anastasiya A. , Saryglar Syldysmaa A. 
Published: April 2020

The relevance of scientific understanding of security in the context of a crisis of generalized trust in Russian society is justified by the search for significant indicators of its interdependence. The scientific discourse of the study of subjective assessments of social well-being allows us to predict the dynamics of these phenomena. The purpose of this article is to identify the optimal socio-economic context, as well as the effectiveness of the regional authorities, which are a necessary condition for optimizing the social well-being of citizens, as one of the basic components of the stability of the region's functioning. The analysis of the basic components of the social well-being of the population of the Altai territory in the context of the analysis of generalized trust in the basic social institutions of the region is presented. On the basis of structural-functional and neo-evolutionist approaches, the role of trust as a basic construct of the social order of functioning of the regional community is revealed.
Conclusions are made that the set of assessments of the cognitive and emotional level of sensations indicates that most of the inhabitants of the region have a low estimate of the potential of social institutions responsible for the safety of life in the region.
Persepsi Pembelajar Terhadap Media Kamus Tematik Berbasis Web Bagi Pembelajar Kosakata Bahasa Jepang Tingkat Dasar
Authors: Fauzi Hanif Nur , Rosliyah Yuyun 
Published: April 2020

Abstrak
___________________________________________________________________
Penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui persepsi pembelajar terhadap Media Kamus Tematik Bahasa Jepang Berbasis Web. Penelitian ini didasari penelitian pendahuluan yang dilakukan dengan angket dan wawancara ke 38 responden mahasiswa pendidikan bahasa Jepang Unnes dan observasi kepada siswa SMA PGRI 1 Kendal, penulis menemukan fakta dijumpai pembelajar yang kesulitan dalam mengingat dan memahami kosakta bahasa Jepang oleh karena itu diperlukan media penunjang kosakata yang mempermudah pembelajar belajar kosakata bahasa Jepang, Salah satu media yang dapat menjadi pilihan adalah Kamus Tematik Bahasa Jepang Berbasis Web. Pengambilan data dalam persepsi oleh 21 pengguna menggunakan non tes berupa angket semi terbuka kepada responden pembelajar bahasa Jepang Umum. Media prototipe Kamus tematik berbasis web menghasilkan web dengan 5 tema pembelajaran kosakata dasar, yang dilengkapi dengan kosakata bahasa Jepang, dan terjemahan bahasa Indonesia. Hasil analisis persepsi melalui 12 pertanyaan yang diberikan ke pembelajar diperoleh rata-rata sebesar 81,65% pembelajar beranggapan media baik untuk digunakan untuk belajar kosakata bahasa Jepang dasar.

Abstract
___________________________________________________________________
This study is to determine learners' perceptions of Web-Based Japanese Thematic Dictionary Media. This research is based on preliminary research conducted by questionnaire and interview to 38 respondents of Japanese students of Unnes education and observation of high school students of PGRI 1 Kendal, the writer found facts that were found by students who had difficulty in remembering and understanding Japanese language vocabulary and therefore needed supporting vocabulary media make it easier for learners to learn Japanese vocabulary, One of the media that can be selected is Web-Based Japanese Thematic Dictionary. Retrieval of data in perception by 21 users using a non-test in the form of a semi-open questionnaire to respondents learning Japanese General. Prototype media Web-based thematic dictionaries produce a web with 5 basic vocabulary learning themes, which are complemented by Japanese vocabulary, and Indonesian translations. The results of the analysis of perception through 12 questions given to learners obtained an average of 81.65% of learners think the media is good for use for learning basic Japanese vocabulary.
Analisis Kekerasan Simbolik dalam Cerpen Viyon no Tsuma Karya Dazai Osamu
Authors: Mulyaningrum Meilia , Firmansyah Dian Bayu , Haryono Haryono 
Published: April 2020

This study aims to described the symbolic violence done by Otani and its mechanism on Dazai Osamu’s short story, Viyon No Tsuma. Close reading and note taking method was conducted to collect the data. Collected data such as form of words, sentences, sentence fragments, paragraph, and paragraph fragments, were grouped in a table form and analyzed using analytic descriptive method. Data analysis results showed that (1) Otani’s habits are calm, even when he was drunk, and dress neatly. However, by the time flies, Otani changes to be rude and irresponsible man; (2) the fields existed in the short story are economic field and social field; (3) the highest capital is owned by Otani, it is a symbolic capital in the form of the nobility of Otani’s family; (4) All of symbolic violences are done by mechanism of eufemisation.
Software Defined Networks: a Comparative Study and Quality of Services Evaluation
Authors: Nugroho Herry Prasetyo , Irfan Muhammad , Faruq Amrul 
Published: April 2020

Software-Defined Network (SDN) as architecture network that separates the control and forwarding functions, so that network operators and administrators can configure the networks in a simple and centrally between thousands of devices. This study is designed and evaluate the Quality of Services (QoS) performances between the two networks employed SDN-based architecture and without SDN-based. MinNet as a software emulator used as a data plane in the network Software Define Network. In this study, comparison of the value of the QoS on the network based on Software Defined Network and traditional network during the test run from the source node is investigated. Network testing by using traffic loads. Traffic loads are used starting from 20Mbps-100Mbps. The result is verified that the QoS analysis of the Software-Defined Network architecture performed better than conventional network architectures. The value of the latency delay on the Software Define Network range between 0,019-0,084ms, and with 0% packet loss when addressed the network traffics of 10-100Mbps.
Oocyte Elimination Through DNA Damage Signaling from CHK1/CHK2 to p53 and p63
Authors: Rinaldi Vera D , Bloom Jordana C , Schimenti John C 
Published: April 2020

AbstractUnrepaired DNA damage in mouse oocytes leads to apoptosis, in part via CHK2 signaling to TRP53 and TRP63. Here, Rinaldi, Bloom, and Schimenti provide evidence that CHK1 can also be involved, especially...Eukaryotic organisms have evolved mechanisms to prevent the accumulation of cells bearing genetic aberrations. This is especially crucial for the germline, because fecundity and fitness of progeny would be adversely affected by an excessively high mutational incidence. The process of meiosis poses unique problems for mutation avoidance because of the requirement for SPO11-induced programmed double-strand breaks (DSBs) in recombination-driven pairing and segregation of homologous chromosomes. Mouse meiocytes bearing unrepaired meiotic DSBs or unsynapsed chromosomes are eliminated before completing meiotic prophase I. In previous work, we showed that checkpoint kinase 2 (CHK2; CHEK2), a canonical DNA damage response protein, is crucial for eliminating not only oocytes defective in meiotic DSB repair (e.g., Trip13Gt mutants), but also Spo11−/− oocytes that are defective in homologous chromosome synapsis and accumulate a threshold level of spontaneous DSBs. However, rescue of such oocytes by Chk2 deficiency was incomplete, raising the possibility that a parallel checkpoint pathway(s) exists. Here, we show that mouse oocytes lacking both p53 (TRP53) and the oocyte-exclusive isoform of p63, TAp63, protects nearly all Spo11−/− and Trip13Gt/Gt oocytes from elimination. We present evidence that checkpoint kinase I (CHK1; CHEK1), which is known to signal to TRP53, also becomes activated by persistent DSBs in oocytes, and to an increased degree when CHK2 is absent. The combined data indicate that nearly all oocytes reaching a threshold level of unrepaired DSBs are eliminated by a semiredundant pathway of CHK1/CHK2 signaling to TRP53/TAp63.
The Development of Legislative Process at the Municipal Level
Authors: Zabelina E. P. 
Published: April 2020

The paper systematically analyzes the legislative activity on the development and adoption of municipal legal acts. Such activity is defined as a municipal law-making process. Based on the positions of scientists delimiting the municipal law-making process at the stage, and their corresponding analysis, the optimal number and features of each stage of the law-making process at the municipal level are determined.As a criterion for distinguishing the stages of the municipal law-making process, the author proposes to use the target criterion, which allows us to identify specific procedures at each stage. It is noted that only after the execution of the procedures of the first stage the conditions for the transition to the implementation of the procedures of the next stage of the municipal law-making process arise.The author identifies two areas of the law-making process at the municipal level — the referendum process and the law-making activity of local authorities, as well as their features. Given that the population is the main subject of the referendum municipal law-making process, and the implementation of the constitutional right of citizens to hold local referenda is very difficult due to certain legislative restrictions, the author formulates proposals aimed at enhancing the legislative initiative of the population of municipalities.
Use of del nido cardioplegia versus St. thomas solution 2 in adult mitral valve replacement surgery at a tertiary care hospital in Kolkata, India
Authors: Datta Swarnendu , Chakrabarty Ushnish , Podder Tanmoy , Mukherjee Plaban 
Published: April 2020

Background: del Nido cardioplegia has been historically used in paediatric cardiac surgery. However it’s use in adults has also been documented. It has the advantage of 90 minutes of cardiac inactivity over St. Thomas solution no.-2, which requires repeated dosing at 20 minutes interval. Aim of this study to find out whether del Nido cardioplegia with longer duration of arrest is advantageous over St. Thomas solution no. 2 in adult mitral valve replacement.Methods: Total 60 patients of severe mixed mitral valve disease of comparable patient profiles, underwent mitral valve replacement with preservation of anterolateral and posteromedial chordae. Half the patients received del Nido cardioplegia and other half received St. Thomas solution no 2. (ST-2). The two groups were compared.Results: del Nido group had lesser CPB time (70.73±12.15min) as compared to ST-2 group (81.76±20.03min) with p=0.01 ; lesser Cross clamp time (del Nido- 68.8±10.64min; ST-2- 75.83±14.00min) with p=0.02; lesser time taken to arrest heart (del Nido- 21.58±13.37 sec; ST-2- 25.26±5.27 sec) with p=0.04 & lesser time taken for normal ECG activity to manifest after release of cross clamp (del Nido- 19.86±6.10 min; ST-2- 31.03±5.28min) with p=0.02. All other parameters did not reach statistical significance.Conclusions: del Nido cardioplegia group of patients required significantly less CPB time; Cross-clamp time; Mean time taken to arrest the heart; as well as that taken to manifest normal ECG morphology when compared to ST-2 group.
CONSTRUÇÃO E APLICAÇÃO DE MODELO METODOLÓGICO COM BASE NA TRÍPLICE MIMESE DE RICOEUR
Authors: Souza Carolina de Moraes , Moraes Francilaine Munhoz de 
Published: April 2020

Este artigo expõe o processo de construção e aplicação de um modelo metodológico operaconalizado a partir da tríplice mimese de Ricoeur (1994), compondo os processos narrativos de pré-figuração (mimese I), configuração (mimese II) e refiguração (mimese III). O desenho metodológico, de abordagem qualitativa, foi aplicado em estudo sobre narrativas acerca do fenômeno social da peregrinação e suas memórias. O corpus abrange narrativas jornalísticas sobre os caminhos de Santiago de Compostela coletadas em reportagens publicadas em jornais brasileiros (Estado de São Paulo e Folha de São Paulo) e portugueses (Público e Correio da Manhã), e narrativas de peregrinos coletadas por meio da aplicação de questionário. Transmissão da memória coletiva, atualização das memórias dos grupos, bem como as representações para a memória associada ao fenômeno da peregrinação são abordagens da investigação. Os resultados revelam que a perspectiva qualitativa da pesquisa possibilitou interpretações de realidades sociais. As conclusões indicam que o modelo metodológico apresentado permite investigar fenômeno social em acontecimentos narrativos.
PCR-positivity of gerbils and their ectoparasites for Leishmania spp. in a hyperendemic focus of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in central Iran
Authors: Azarmi Sahar , Zahraei-Ramazani Alireza , Mohebali Mehdi , Rassi Yavar , Akhavan Amir Ahmad , Azarm Amrollah , Elikaee Samira , Mohtasebi Sina , Abdoli Rahimeh , Mahmoudi Mohsen , Mosawi Sayed Hussain 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Sand flies are the only known vectors of Leishmania parasites. Various arthropods, including ticks have been suggested as secondary vectors of Leishmania spp. many years ago. This study was conducted to determine PCR-positivity of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis reservoir hosts and their ectoparasites for Leishmania spp. in central Iran. Methods: Microscopic examination and nested polymerase chain reaction (Nested-PCR) were used to detect and identify species of Leishmania and the results were confirmed by two methods, PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and sequencing. Results: Totally, 93 rodents (Rhomombis opimus (n=92) and Nesokia indica (n=1)) were captured during different seasons and 9 different species of ectoparasites were collected from them. Out of 92 collected R. opimus, 14 were positive for Leishmania spp. by microscopic examination while one N. indica and 77 R. opimus were positive by nested-PCR. The infection rate of rodents with Leishmania major and Leishmania turanica was 39.79% (37) and 15.05% (14), respectively. Mixed natural infections with L. major and L. turanica were seen in 15.05% of the rodents (14), in 7.53% of the rodents (7) with L. major and Leishmania gerbilli, and in 6.45% of the rodents (6) with the three species. The leishmanial infection rate of the rodents was the highest (94.29%) in summer and lowest (45.45%) in the winter. Moreover, 39 out of 54 fleas (72.22%), 5 out of 8 mites (75%), and 1 tick nymph (100%) were PCR-positive for Leishmania parasites. Conclusions: The highest rate of infection with L. major and L. turanica in R. opimus populations was observed in the summer and spring respectively, and the highest percentage of L. major and L. turanica coinfection was seen in the winter. It is suggested that the role of L. turanica and the probable role of ectoparasites in the transmission of epidemiology should be investigated carefully. Xenodiagnostic testing is recommended for future testing.