bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knowledge and Attitudes about Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Among Psychiatrists in China
Authors: Deng Jiahui , Gong Yimiao , Lin Xiao , Bao Yanping , Sun Hongqiang , Lu Lin 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a noninvasive form of brain stimulation. It has been used in many mental health institutions to treat mental disorders worldwide. However, comprehensive knowledge about rTMS is not yet widespread among psychiatrists. The present study assessed psychiatrists’ knowledge and attitudes about rTMS in China and investigated related factors.Methods: A quantitative observational cross-sectional study was conducted using an online survey. The sample consisted of 522 psychiatrists. Multinomial logistic regression and multiple linear regression analyses were used to explore factors that contributed to psychiatrists’ knowledge about rTMS. We also ascertained psychiatrists’ attitudes about rTMS and provide recommendations for the more widespread use of rTMS.Results: The majority of respondents (86.4%) reported having access to rTMS at their institution. A total of 379 psychiatrists (72.6%) knew that rTMS is approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration for treatment-resistant depression. Univariate logistic regression indicated that psychiatrists who were older, had a senior professional title, worked more years, had an onsite clinical rTMS program in their hospital, and received formal training in theory and application (all p < 0.05) were more likely to know that rTMS is approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of depression. The percentages of respondents who knew most or all indications, the mechanism of action, parameter settings, adverse reactions were 51.9%, 40.2%, 27.4%, and 41.4%. Linear regression showed that formal training in rTMS theory and practice were associated with higher knowledge scores (all p < 0.05). Most of the subjects had negative attitudes about using rTMS to treat mental disorders. When asked about their attitudes about continuing rTMS education, nearly all of the respondents indicated that they were willing to pursue continuing training in rTMS in the future.Conclusions: Many psychiatrists had an insufficient level of knowledge about rTMS and negative attitudes about rTMS. Psychiatrists who had formal rTMS training experience had higher levels of rTMS knowledge. rTMS training and relevant policy making should be strengthened.
Developing a sociocultural framework of compliance: an exploration of factors related to the use of early warning systems among acute care clinicians
Authors: Flenady Tracy , Dwyer Trudy , Sobolewska Agnieszka , Lagadec Danielle Le , Connor Justine , Kahl Julie , Signal Tania , Browne Matthew 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Early warning systems (EWS) are most effective when clinicians monitor patients’ vital signs and comply with the recommended escalation of care protocols once deterioration is recognised. Objectives: To explore sociocultural factors influencing acute care clinicians’ compliance with an early warning system commonly used in Queensland public hospitals in Australia. Methods: This interpretative qualitative study utilised inductive thematic analysis to analyse data collected from semi-structured interviews conducted with 30 acute care clinicians from Queensland, Australia. Results: This study identified that individuals and teams approached compliance with EWS in the context of 1) the use of EWS for patient monitoring; and 2) the use of EWS for the escalation of patient care. Individual and team compliance with monitoring and escalation processes is facilitated by intra and inter-professional factors such as acceptance and support, clear instruction, inter-disciplinary collaboration and good communication. Noncompliance with EWS can be attributed to intra and inter-professional hierarchy and poor communication. Conclusions: The overarching organisational context including the hospital’s embedded quality improvement and administrative protocols (training, resources and staffing) impact hospital-wide culture and influence clinicians’ and teams’ compliance or non-compliance with early warning system’s monitoring and escalation processes. Successful adoption of EWS relies on effective and meaningful interactions among multidisciplinary staff.
A description of the influenza vaccination program for health care workers in Vietnam
Authors: Ha Nga , Nguyen Thoa Thi Minh , Nguyen Tung Xuan , Tran Phu Dac , Nguyen Hang Minh , Ha Van Thi Cam , Lafond Kathryn E. , Seward Jane F. , McFarland Jeffrey W. , Chu Susan Y. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background In 2017, the Vietnam Ministry of Health conducted a demonstration project to introduce seasonal influenza vaccination to health care workers (HCWs). A total of 11,000 doses of influenza vaccine, single-dose prefilled syringes, were provided free to HCWs at 29 selected hospitals, clinics, and research institutes in four provinces: Hanoi, Khanh Hoa, Dak Lak and Ho Chi Minh City. Methods Before the campaign, a workshop was organized to discuss an implementation plan including technical requirements, cold chain, uptake reporting, and surveillance for adverse events following immunization (AEFIs). All sites distributed communication materials and encouraged their staff to register for vaccination. Following immunization sessions, sites sent reports on uptake and AEFI cases. Left-over vaccine was transferred to other sites to maximize vaccine use. Results The average uptake was 57% for all HCWs, with 11 sites achieving 90% and above. These 11 sites were small with less than 500 staff, including 5 primary hospitals, 3 preventive medicine units, and 2 referral hospitals. Among the six biggest sites with over 1,000 staff, four sites had the lowest uptake (14%-47%). Most of the high-uptake sites were from the central to the south; only one site, a referral hospital, was from the north. After redistribution of left-over vaccine, only 130 vaccine doses (1.2%) were not used and destroyed. Based on factors that affected uptake, including registration levels, differing communication strategies, availability of vaccination, and commitment by health facility leaders, we recommended ways to increase HCW coverage; recommendations to improve AEFI reporting also were made. Conclusions The project demonstrated that it was feasible to conduct influenza vaccination campaigns among HCWs in Vietnam. Improvements in promotion of registration, more intense pre-planning, especially at larger facilities, and wider, more consistent availability of communication materials will result in increased efficiency and coverage in this program’s future expansion.
The Effect of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia in People with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Pilot RCT Part II: Diabetes Health Outcomes
Authors: Alshehri Mohammed , Alothman Shaima A. , Alenazi Aqeel M. , Rucker Jason L. , Phadnis Milind A. , Miles John M. , Siengsukon Catherine F. , Kluding Patricia M. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Previous studies have shown the negative impact of sleep disturbances, specifically insomnia symptoms, on glucose metabolism for people with type 2 diabetes (T2D). People with insomnia symptoms are at risk of poor glycemic control and suboptimal diabetes self-care behavior (DSCB). Investigating the impact of a safe and effective intervention for individuals with T2D and insomnia symptoms on diabetes’ health outcomes is needed. Therefore, the aim of this exploratory study is to examine the effects of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I) on glycemic control, DSCB, and fatigue. Methods: Twenty-eight participants with T2D and insomnia symptoms, after passing an eligibility criteria at a medical research center, were randomly assigned to CBT-I (n=14) or Health Education (HE; n=14). The CBT-I and HE groups received 6 weekly one-hour sessions. This Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) used a non-inferiority framework to test the effectiveness of CBT-I. Validated assessments were administered at baseline and post-intervention to assess glycemic control, DSCB, and fatigue. A Wilcoxon signed-rank test was utilized to compare within-group changes from baseline to post-intervention. A Mann-Whitney test was utilized to measure the between-group differences. Linear regression was used to assess the association between the blood glucose level and the number of days in the CBT-I group. Results: The recruitment duration was from October 2018 to May 2019. A total of 13 participants completed the interventions in each group and are included in the final analysis. No adverse events, because of being a part of this RCT, were reported. CBT-I participants showed significantly greater improvement in glycemic control, DSCB, and fatigue. There was a significant association between the number of days in the CBT-I intervention with the blood glucose level before bedtime (B=-0.56, p=.009) and after awakening in the morning (B=-0.57, p=.007). Conclusions: This study demonstrated a clinically meaningful effect of CBT-I on glycemic control in people with T2D and insomnia symptoms. Also, CBT-I positively impacted daytime functioning, including DSCB and fatigue. Future research is needed to investigate the long-term effects of CBT-I on laboratory tests of glycemic control and to understand the underlying mechanisms of any improvements.Trial registration: Clinical Trials Registry (NCT03713996). Registered 22 October 2018, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03713996
Proteomic analysis of banana xylem sap provides insight into resistant mechanisms to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense Tropical Race 4
Authors: Zhang Lei , Liu Lina , Li Shu , Bai Tingting , Xu Shengtao , Fan Huacai , Yin Kesuo , He Ping , Wang Yunyue , Tang Weihua , Zheng Sijun 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background

Fusarium wilt is a destructive soilborne disease of banana caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense ( Foc ), especially Tropical Race 4 (TR4), which is a xylem-invading fungus. It was evident that xylem sap contained macromolecules, such as proteins, involved in disease-resistance processes. However, there is no research to analyze changes in banana xylem sap proteins response to TR4 to date.

Methods

To gain an integrated understanding of differential protein expression in banana xylem sap during TR4 infection, we performed a comparative proteomic analysis of xylem sap in resistant ‘Pahang’ and susceptible ‘Brazilian’ bananas inoculated with TR4.

Results

A total of 1036 proteins were detected in xylem sap of both bananas, among which some proteins are involved in ‘signal transduction’, ‘environmental adaptation’, ‘biosynthesis of secondary metabolites’ and ‘lipid metabolism’, indicating that xylem sap contained defense-related proteins. A number of 129 differential expression proteins (DEPs) were identified in 4 possible pairs between resistant and susceptible tested combinations. Of these DEPs, hypersensitive-induced response protein 1 (HIR1), E3 ubiquitin ligase (E3) might play negative roles in ‘Pahang’ response to TR4 attack, whereas chalcone isomerase (CHI), glycine-rich RNA-binding protein (GRP), carboxylesterase (CXE) and GDSL lipase (GLIP) might play positive roles in ‘Pahang’ defense against TR4 infection.

Conclusions

Banana xylem sap contained defense-related proteins, among which HIRP1, E3, CHI, GRP, CXE and GLIP involved in banana defense against TR4. To our knowledge, this is first report to analyze changes in banana xylem sap proteins response to TR4, which help us to explore molecular mechanisms of banana resistant to Fusarium wilt.
The Effect of Bone Cement Distribution on the Outcome of Percutaneous Vertebroplasty: A Case cohort study
Authors: Tan Lei , Wen Bingtao , Guo Zhaoqing , Chen Zhongqiang 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: To analyze the effect of different types of bone cement distribution after percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) in patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF). Methods: 137 patients with single level OVCF who underwent PVP were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into two groups according to bone cement distribution. Group A: bone cement contacted both upper and lower endplates; Group B: bone cement missed at least one endplate. Group B was divided into 3 subgroups. Group B1: bone cement only contacted the upper endplates; Group B2: bone cement only contacted the lower endplates; Group B3: bone cement only located in the middle of vertebral body. The visual analogue scale (VAS) score at 24 hours post operation and last follow-up, anterior vertebral height restoration ratio (AVHRR), anterior vertebral height loss ratio (AVHLR), local kyphotic angle change and vertebral body recompression rate were compared. Results: 24 hours post operation, the pain of all groups were significantly improved. The average follow-up time was 15.3 ± 6.3 (6-24) months. At last follow-up, the VAS score of group A was lower than that of group B. There were 14 cases (10.2%) of adjacent vertebral fracture, 5 cases (8.6%) in group A and 9 cases (11.4%) in group B. There were 9 cases (6.6%) of cement leakage, 4 cases (6.9%) in group A and 5 cases (6.3%) in group B. At last follow-up, there were 16 cases (11.7%) of vertebral body recompression, including 3 cases (5.2%) in group A and 13 cases (16.5%) in group B. There was no significant difference in AVHRR between two groups. Local kyphotic angle change was significant larger in group B. At last follow-up, AVHLR in group B was higher than that in group A. In subgroup analysis, there was no significant difference in VAS score, local kyphotic angle change, vertebral recompression rate, AVHRR or AVHLR. Conclusions: If the bone cement fully contacted both the upper and lower endplates, it can better restore the strength of the vertebral body and maintain the height of the vertebral body, reduce the risk of the vertebral body recompression and long-term pain.
Risk factors associated with renal crescentic formation in pediatric Henoch–Schönlein purpura nephritis: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Song Yong-rui , Guo Wan-liang , Sheng Mao , Lin Qiang , Zhu Xue-ming , Li Xiao-Zhong 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: The long-term prognosis of Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) depends on the severity of renal involvement, and crescent formation is considered an important risk factor for poor prognosis of Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis (HSPN). The objective of this study was to evaluate factors affecting crescent formation in children with HSPN.Methods: Demographic factors, clinical characteristics, and laboratory data of children with HSPN with or without crescents were retrospectively analyzed. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to determine the risk factors of crescent formation in HSPN.Results: A total of 191 children with HSPN were enrolled in the study. There were 107 (56%) males and 84 (44%) females, with a median age of 7 years (range: 2 years–15 years). International Study of Kidney Disease in Children (ISKDC) grading was used to divide subjects into two groups: those without glomerular crescent formation (ISKDC grades I–II, n = 146 cases) and those with glomerular crescent formation (ISKDC grades III–V, n = 45 cases). Logistic regression analysis showed that higher urinary white blood cell (WBC) count (OR = 3.300; 95% CI, 1.119–9.739; P = 0.0306) and higher urinary microalbumin/creatinine ratio (ACR) (OR = 25.053; 95% CI, 1.354–463.708; P = 0.0305) were independent risk factors for the formation of crescents in HSPN. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of urinary WBC and ACR were 0.753 and 0.698 respectively, with the Hosmer and Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test (P = 0.0669, P > 0.05).Conclusion: These results suggest that higher urinary WBC count and ACR should be strictly monitored for children with HSPN. Adequate clinical intervention for these risk factors may limit or prevent renal crescent formation.
Teladorsagia circumcincta beta tubulin: the presence of the E198L polymorphism on its own is associated with benzimidazole resistance
Authors: Valladares Maria Martinez , Valderas-García Elora , Gandasegui Javier , Skuce Philip , Morrison Alison , de Agüero Verónica Castilla Gómez , Cambra-Pellejà Maria , Balaña-Fouce Rafael , Vázquez Francisco A. Rojo 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Benzimidazole resistance is associated with isotype-1 β-tubulin gene F200Y, E198A and F167Y SNPs. In this study, the recently described polymorphism E198L was reported and analysed in Teladorsagia circumcincta.Methods: The benzimidazole phenotypic resistance was measured by the Faecal Egg Count Reduction Test (FECRT) and the Egg Hatch Test (EHT) using a discriminating dose (DD) in 39 sheep flocks. Around 1,000 larvae collected before and after treatment were used for DNA extraction. The resistant species identified in all flocks was T. circumcincta. The resistance alleles frequencies were measured for F200Y and E198A. A 371 bp fragment of the isotype-1 β-tubulin gene was analysed, including the three codons of interest, and a new pyrosequencing assay was designed for testing E198L.Results: The percentage of resistant flocks was 35% by FECRT or 26% by EHT, however F200Y and E198A SNPs were absent in T. circumcincta. The amplification of a 371 bp fragment confirmed the absence of F167Y and F200Y in 6 resistant flocks. Regarding codon 198, all samples after treatment carried a leucine (CTA). A pyrosequencing assay analysed the allele frequencies for the first two bases at codon 198 independently, G/C and A/T. The correlation between C and T frequencies was almost 1 (r = 0.929; p < 0.0001) and the mean value of both was calculated to measure the leucine frequency; this value ranged between 10.4 and 80.7% before treatment, and from 82.3 to 92.8% after treatment. High and similar correlations were reported between the genotypic variables (C frequency, T frequency or mean of both frequencies) and phenotypic resistance (r > 0.720; p < 0.0001), although negatively associated with the FECRT and positively with the EHT. According to multivariate linear regression analysis, the T frequency was the most significant variable influencing the phenotypic resistance (FECRT or EHT; p < 0.0001). In the EHT, 67.1% of the phenotypic variability is associated with the T frequency but in the FECRT only 33.4%; therefore, the EHT using a DD seems to detect the genotypic resistance more accurately than the FECRT.Conclusions: The E198L polymorphism can confer BZ resistance on its own in T. circumcincta.
Possibility of Live Birth in Patients with Low Serum β-hCG 14 Days After Blastocyst Transfer
Authors: Wu Yixuan , Liu Haiying 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Although prior work has attempted to predict pregnancy outcomes by assaying serum β-hCG levels after blastocyst transfer, no study has focused on pregnancy outcomes in those with initially low serum β-hCG levels. This study sought to investigate pregnancy outcomes of patients with low serum β-hCG levels 14 days after blastocyst transfer.Methods: A retrospective study was conducted at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University to study patients whose serum β-hCG levels were at 5-299 mIU/ml 14 days after frozen blastocyst transfer. Rates of live birth, early miscarriage, biochemical pregnancy loss and ectopic pregnancy were analyzed according to the female patients’ age by Chi-squared analysis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted to explore the threshold of predicting clinical pregnancy and live births. Results: 312 patients had serum β-hCG levels <300 mIU/ml at 14 days after frozen blastocyst transfer, among which, 18.6% were live births, 47.4% were early miscarriages, 22.8% were biochemical pregnancies and 9.6% were ectopic pregnancies. Live birth rates were higher in the <38 years of age group as compared those > 38 years (19.0% vs.16.6%; P=0.045). ROC curve analysis showed that a predicted value of β-hCG for clinical pregnancy was 58.8 mIU/ml with an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.752, a sensitivity of 95.0% and specificity of 53.5%. The threshold for live births was 108.6 mIU/ml with an AUC of 0.649, a sensitivity of 93.1% and a specificity of 37.0%. For the β-hCG fold increase over 48 hours, the cut-off for clinical pregnancy was 1.4 with an AUC of 0.899, a sensitivity of 90.3% and a specificity of 77.8%. The threshold for live birth was 1.9 with an AUC of 0.808, a sensitivity of 88.5% and specificity of 64.5%.Conclusions: Initially low serum β-hCG levels 14 days after frozen blastocyst transfer indicated minimal chances of live birth. For patients having an initial β-hCG >58.8 mIU/ml, luteal phase support should continue. Another serum β-hCG test and ultrasound should be performed one week later. When an initial serum β-hCG is < 58.8 mIU/ml, luteal phase support should be discontinued and serum β-hCG measured with ultrasound one week later.
Sarcopenia as a prognostic factor in patients with recurrent pancreatic cancer: a retrospective study
Authors: Sakamoto Teruhisa , Yagyu Takuki , Uchinaka Ei , Miyatani Kozo , Hanaki Takehiko , Kihara Kyoichi , Matsunaga Tomoyuki , Yamamoto Manabu , Tokuyasu Naruo , Honjo Soichiro , Fujiwara Yoshiyuki 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background

Sarcopenia is a prognostic factor in various cancers. However, the impact of sarcopenia in patients with recurrent pancreatic cancer remains unclear. This study evaluated the prognostic significance of sarcopenia in patients with recurrent pancreatic cancer.

Methods

Seventy-four patients who developed postoperative recurrence of pancreatic cancer after undergoing pancreatectomies were enrolled. Sarcopenia in these patients was defined according to the psoas muscle index (PMI) measured via computed tomography at the third vertebra.

Results

The mean PMIs at the time of recurrence were 4.47 ± 1.27 cm 2 /m 2 for men and 3.26 ± 0.70 cm 2 /m 2 for women. Of the 74 patients, 65 (87.8%) were diagnosed with sarcopenia with low PMI. The 2-year post-recurrence survival curve in the sarcopenia group was significantly worse than that in the non-sarcopenia group ( P = 0.034). Multivariate analysis revealed that sarcopenia at the time of recurrence was an independent prognostic factor ( P = 0.043) along with a high neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio ( P = 0.004), early recurrence ( P = 0.001) and chemotherapy after recurrence ( P = 0.005) in patients with recurrent pancreatic cancer. Furthermore, the area under the curve (AUC) of the combination of sarcopenia and time to recurrence for predicting 2-year survival was 0.763, which was much higher than that of sarcopenia alone (AUC = 0.622).

Conclusions

Sarcopenia is a useful prognostic factor in patients with recurrent pancreatic cancer. The combination of sarcopenia and time of recurrence may more accurately predict post-recurrence survival than can sarcopenia alone.