bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of angiotensin II and angiotensin‐(1–7) on proliferation of stem cells from human dental apical papilla
Authors: Macedo Larissa M. , de Ávila Renato I. , Pedrino Gustavo R. , Colugnati Diego B. , Valadares Marize C. , Lima Eliana M. , Borges Clayton L. , Kitten Gregory T. , Gava Elisandra , Castro Carlos H. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe effects of the renin–angiotensin system (RAS) on stem cells isolated from human dental apical papilla (SCAPs) are completely unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify RAS components expressed in SCAPs and the effects of angiotensin (Ang) II and Ang‐(1–7) on cell proliferation. SCAPs were collected from third molar teeth of adolescents and maintained in cell culture. Messenger RNA expression and protein levels of angiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE), ACE2, and Mas, Ang II type I (AT1) and type II (AT2) receptors were detected in SCAPs. Treatment with either Ang II or Ang‐(1–7) increased the proliferation of SCAPs. These effects were inhibited by PD123319, an AT2 antagonist. While Ang II augmented mTOR phosphorylation, Ang‐(1–7) induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation. In conclusion, SCAPs produce the main RAS components and both Ang II and Ang‐(1–7) treatments induced cell proliferation mediated by AT2 activation through different intracellular mechanisms.
Upregulation Sestrin2 protects against hydrogen peroxide‐induced oxidative damage bovine mammary epithelial cells via a Keap1‐Nrf2/ARE pathway
Authors: Chen Mengjiao , Xi Yumeng , Chen Kunlin , Xiao Peng , Li Shujie , Sun Xiaochun , Han Zhaoyu 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSestrin2 (SESN2) is a highly conservative oxidative stress protein that can regulate energy metabolism, cell proliferation, apoptosis, and mitochondria autophagy processes. It plays a role as an antioxidant in various diseases. The aims of the present study were to explore the underlying role of SESN2 after hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) treatment in bovine mammary epithelial cells (MAC‐T cells) by the methods of knockout or overexpression of SESN2. The results show that knockout of Sestrin2 exacerbate apoptosis, upregulate the expressions of Bax/Bcl2 in H2O2‐treated MAC‐T cells. Moreover, knockout of SESN2 also promoted reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and exacerbated oxidative damage in H2O2‐treated MAC‐T cells. On the contrary, overexpression of SESN2 decreased apoptosis by downregulation of Bax/Bcl2 level decreased ROS generation and blocked oxidative damage in H2O2‐treated MAC‐T cells. In addition, results indicate that the Kelch‐like ECH‐associated protein‐1 (Keap1)‐nuclear factor (erythroid‐derived 2) like2 (Nrf2)/antioxidant response element (ARE) signaling pathway was activated by H2O2; upregulation of SESN2 could relieve oxidative stress by inducing the expression of Keap1, Nrf2, HO‐1, and NDPH: quinone oxidoreductase‐1 protein. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that expression of SESN2 was significantly increased after H2O2 treatment and that SESN2 can alleviate oxidative stress and cell apoptosis in H2O2‐treated MAC‐T cells through activation of the Keap1‐Nrf2/ARE pathway.
Dissipation, residues and risk assessment of pyraclostrobin and picoxystrobin in cucumber under field conditions
Authors: Zhao Honglei , Zhao Yue , Hu Jiye 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDPyraclostrobin and picoxystrobin are two representative pesticides of strobilurins used to treat cucumber downy mildew, which have raised issues of food safety and human health. A new formulation containing these two compounds is being prepared for marketing in China.RESULTSThe dissipation and residual levels of pyraclostrobin and picoxystrobin in cucumbers under field conditions were determined simultaneously by a validated method via liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). The dissipation rules were described by first‐order kinetics and the half‐lives of pyraclostrobin and picoxystrobin were less than 8.2 days and 3.4 days. The highest terminal residue of pyraclostrobin was 0.014 mg kg−1 which was lower than maximum residue limit (MRL) in China (0.5 mg kg−1) and of picoxystrobin was 0.029 mg kg−1, respectively. In the long‐term intake risk assessment of pyraclostrobin and picoxystrobin for general population (18–79 years), the chronic risk quotient (RQc) varied from 5.64% to 21.97%. The assessment of short‐term risks included children (1–6 years) and adults (18–79 years) and in which the RQa values were 0.38% and 2.85%. Both results showed the intake risks of cucumber were acceptable.CONCLUSIONPyraclostrobin and picoxystrobin degraded easily in cucumbers under open field conditions. The long‐term and short‐term risks caused by final residues of pyraclostrobin and picoxystrobin were insignificant. The recommended pre‐harvest interval of 3 days was safe. The article will be helpful in rational use of these pesticides and MRL formulation of picoxystrobin on cucumber. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Biosynthesis and accumulation of multi‐vitamins in black sweet corn (Zea mays L.) during kernel development
Authors: Hu Xiaodan , Liu Jianhua , Li Wu , Wen Tianxiang , Li Tong , Guo Xinbo , Liu Rui Hai 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDBlack sweet corn as an edible fruit has various nutritional qualities. This study discusses changes in the vitamin C and E, folate, and carotenoid content during black sweet corn maturation, and also the effects of preharvest weather conditions and of related genes in multi‐vitamin biosynthesis pathways.RESULTSMost vitamin levels improved, especially vitamin C and carotenoid levels, while the folate content dropped rapidly. Transcript levels of most genes in folate biosynthesis showed trends that were similar to the content changes. VTC2 and GLDH, which are regulated by light, had high expression levels leading to an increase in ascorbate content during maturation. γ‐Tocotrienol is the main vitamin E component, and HGGT, the key gene controlling the synthesis of tocotrienols, had a much higher expression level than other genes. Lutein and zeaxanthin were the dominant carotenoid components. A rapid reduction in the transcription level of LCYε could result in a lower lutein production rate .CONCLUSIONBlack sweet corn has a high nutritional value and is rich in vitamins, including zeaxanthin, γ‐tocotrienols, and ascorbic acid. The best harvest time is between 20–25 days after pollination (DAPs) when kernels had a good taste as well as relatively high vitamin levels. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Effect of Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) microencapsulated in alginate and whey protein concentrate addition on physicochemical and organoleptic properties of functional stirred yogurt
Authors: Nourmohammadi Niloufar , Soleimanian‐Zad Sabihe , Shekarchizadeh Hajar 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDConsumption of Spirulina‐based functionalized food is usually unpleasant due to its specific sensorial properties. Therefore, Spirulina was encapsulated using alginate and whey protein concentrate (WPC) by emulsification method, and the effect of adding free and microencapsulated Spirulina (MS) to non‐fat stirred yogurt was investigated during storage.RESULTSScanning electron microscope investigated microcapsules morphology and their mean particle size that was 52 μm, and electrostatic interaction between wall materials was illustrated by Fourier‐ transform infrared spectroscopy. The microspheres had appropriate encapsulation efficiency (44.54 ± 0.06%). Complete release of Spirulina from the microcapsules was observed in simulated intestinal fluid, which is favorable for Lactobacillus growth in human intestinal tract. Encapsulation caused meaningful differences in colorimetric factors, markedly in L*. Moreover, free and MS were added to yogurt samples, and the results showed that the physicochemical properties (pH, color, viscosity, water holding capacity and susceptibility to syneresis) and sensorial assessment of MS yogurt were positively affected. During the storage, MS yogurt had higher pH value than the others; furthermore, it showed the lowest syneresis and a constant increase in viscosity. Finally, the sensory evaluation results of MS yogurt, in comparison with the free form of Spirulina utilization, indicated improved acceptance of the produced functional food.CONCLUSIONResults showed an obvious impact of encapsulation on the physicochemical properties of yogurt containing MS. The sensory evaluation showed that encapsulation could generally enhance the customer's satisfaction. It can be stated that masking microalgae color and flavor by microencapsulation could be used for dairy products fortification by microalgae. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Assessing Triggers of Posttrauma Nightmares
Authors: Youngren Westley A. , Hamilton Nancy A. , Preacher Kris j. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPosttrauma nightmares are recurring nightmares that begin after a traumatic experience and can occur as often as multiple times per week, often in a seemingly random pattern. Although these nightmares are prevalent in trauma survivors, little is known about the mechanisms underlying their sporadic occurrence. The present study aimed to investigate predictors of posttrauma nightmares. The sample included 146 observations nested within 27 female college students who reported frequent nightmares related to sexual trauma. Participants were recruited from an undergraduate student subject pool (n = 71) or were clinical referrals (n = 75). Participants completed an initial assessment battery and six consecutive days of pre‐ and postsleep diaries, which included measures of potential posttrauma nightmare triggers and measures intended to assess sleep quality and posttrauma nightmare occurrence. Descriptive statistics, mean comparisons, and multilevel modeling were used to examine the data. The results showed that both presleep cognitive arousal, γ10SLij = 0.58, p = .006, z(1, N = 146) = −2.61; and sleep latency (SL), γ20PCAij = 0.76, p < .001, z(1, N = 146) = −2.69, predicted posttrauma nightmare occurrence. Further investigation suggested that presleep cognitive arousal moderated the relation between SL and posttrauma nightmare occurrence, γ30PCA x SLij = 0.67, p = .048 z(1, N = 146) = 1.98. The present results are the first to show that the co‐occurrence of presleep arousal and delayed sleep onset latency may influence posttrauma nightmare occurrence, suggesting that the time immediately before sleep is crucial to the production of the posttrauma nightmares.
Narrative Reconstruction as an Intervention for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Pilot Delayed Intervention Quasi‐Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Gofman Mordechai , Kivity Yogev , Bar‐Kalifa Eran , Vidan Zohar , Hasson Ohayon Ilanit , Tuval‐Mashiach Rivka , Peri Tuvia 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAlthough empirically supported treatments for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) exist, many patients fail to complete therapy, are nonresponsive, or remain symptomatic following treatment. This paper presents the results of a delayed intervention quasi‐randomized controlled study that evaluated the efficacy of narrative reconstruction as an integrative intervention for PTSD. During narrative reconstruction, the patient and therapist reconstruct an organized, coherent, and detailed written narrative of the patient's traumatic experience. Additionally, narrative reconstruction focuses on arriving at the subjective meaning of the traumatic experience for the patient as related to their personal history. Thus, the therapist asks the patient about associations between the traumatic event and other memories and life events. In the present study, 30 participants with PTSD were randomly assigned to an immediate (n = 17) or delayed (n = 13) 15‐session narrative reconstruction intervention. Participants in the immediate narrative reconstruction group were evaluated using self‐report measures and structured interviews at baseline, posttreatment, and 15‐week follow‐up. Participants in the delayed narrative reconstruction group were evaluated at baseline, postwaitlist/pretreatment, and posttreatment assessments. Data from the pretreatment evaluation showed no significant differences between groups. Mixed linear models showed significant intervention effects for posttraumatic symptom severity, d = 1.17, from pre‐ to posttreatment. Although preliminary, these promising findings suggest that narrative reconstruction may be an effective standalone therapy or an add‐on to current effective treatment strategies.
Minority Participation in Randomized Controlled Trials for Prolonged Exposure Therapy: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Benuto Lorraine T. , Bennett Natalie M. , Casas Jena B. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPer the most recent census, non‐Latinx White individuals comprise the majority of the U.S. population (76.6%); Latinx individuals make up 18.3% of the total U.S. population, followed by African Americans (13.4%) and Asians (5.9%). Given the high prevalence rates of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) observed across many ethnoracial minority groups in the United States, the fact that PTSD presentation may vary across culture, and the National Institute of Health's mandates for the inclusion of women and minorities in clinical outcome research, the aim of the present systematic review was to examine minority inclusion in clinical outcome research for PTSD. Our review focused exclusively on one empirically supported treatment: prolonged exposure therapy (PE); we identified 38 studies that met the inclusion criteria. Apart from African Americans, who were overrepresented in 21 studies (inclusion rate range: 13.5%–73.9%), ethnoracial minority inclusion in RCTs examining PE was low. More specifically, across included studies that reported ethnoracial minority data, 58.9% of participants were White, 31.1% were African American, 4.9% were Latinx, 0.6% were Asian American or Pacific Islander, and 4.7% reported race as “other.” Inclusion rates for ethnoracial minorities appeared to increase across time, and recruitment strategies did not appear to be associated with increased ethnoracial minority participation in RCTs for PE.
Shikani Optical Stylet for Awake Nasal Intubation in Patients Undergoing Head and Neck Surgery
Authors: Cheng Tong , Wang Li‐Kuan , Wu Hai‐Yin , Yang Xu‐Dong , Zhang Xiang , Jiao Liang 
Published: June 2020

ObjectivesTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of the Shikani optical stylet (SOS) versus fiberoptic bronchoscope (FOB) for awake nasal intubation in head and neck surgery patients with an anticipated difficult airway.Study DesignProspective randomized clinical trial.MethodsThis study involved 50 adult patients scheduled for elective head and neck surgery and presented with an anticipated difficult airway. Patients planned for awake nasotracheal intubation were randomly divided into two groups: FOB (n = 25) and SOS (n = 25). Patients were intubated under local anesthesia and sedation using the randomly assigned intubation device by anesthetists proficient in both airway devices. The time to successful intubation was regarded as the primary endpoint.ResultsThe median time (interquartile range) to tracheal intubation in the FOB group was 74 seconds (57–108) and 38 seconds (27–60) in the SOS group (P < .001). Intubation success rates on the first attempt in the FOB and SOS groups were 96% and 92%, respectively (P > .999). Airway assisted maneuvers were required in six (24%) SOS intubations compared to 21 (84%) FOB intubations (P < .001). There were no significant differences between the groups in the incidences of oxygen desaturation and postoperative complications related to intubation.ConclusionCompared to the FOB group, awake nasal intubation in the SOS group required significantly less time and fewer airway‐assisted maneuvers on adult head and neck surgery patients with anticipated difficult airway.Level of Evidence2 Laryngoscope, 131:319–325, 2021
Silk Fibroin Processing from CeCl3 Aqueous Solution: Fibers Regeneration and Doping with Ce(III)
Authors: Rizzo Giorgio , Lo Presti Marco , Giannini Cinzia , Sibillano Teresa , Milella Antonella , Matzeu Giusy , Musio Roberta , Omenetto Fiorenzo G. , Farinola Gianluca M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSilk fibroin (SF) obtained from Bombyx mori cocoon is a very promising biopolymer. It can be processed from aqueous solutions to obtain many versatile scaffolds useful in optoelectronics, photonics, and biomedicine. Aqueous solutions are prepared by dissolving degummed fibroin with chaotropic agents and then purifying by dialysis. This work presents, for the first time, a solubilization protocol, involving CeCl3·7H2O as chaotropic salt in water and ethanol, that allows to regenerate SF under a fibrous form, unlike the standard Ajisawa’s method, which uses CaCl2 and allows to obtain aqueous gels. All the experimental analyses performed (SEM, XPS, WAXS, ATR‐FTIR, NMR) suggest that the fiber recovered preserves most of the morphological and structural features of the pristine SF and is doped with Ce(III) ions, that interact mainly with the oxygen atoms of CO moieties and side‐chains of amino acids. Ce(III) doped SF could be the base for new luminescent materials.
Novel SiO2‐Supported Chromocene and Vanadium Bimetallic Catalysts Producing Bimodal Polyethylene
Authors: Wang Kai , Zhang Rui , Ren He , Zhao Ning , Jin Yulong , He Xuelian , Liu Boping 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPolyethylene (PE) with bimodal molecular weight distribution has intrigued researchers because of its significant processability and mechanical properties. Novel SiO2‐supported chromocene (S‐9)/vanadium (V) bimetallic catalysts utilizing the different hydrogen response for producing bimodal PE are successfully synthesized and studied systematically. The catalysts are prepared through using the residual hydroxyl groups on the surface of SiO2‐supported vanadium catalyst to introduce chromocene. Both of the low molecular weight (MW) fraction and the high MW fraction can be controlled through adjusting the loading of bimetallic active centers. The bimetallic catalysts also show good 1‐hexene incorporation ability in ethylene/1‐hexene copolymerization.
An Enzyme‐Activable Noncovalent Fluorescent Probe Based on Water Soluble Azobenzene Containing Polymer and AIEgen
Authors: Shen Jiajia , Xue Tianhao , He Yaning 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCovalent connected fluorescent probe is often effective, but sometimes it is inevitable to adopt complex molecular design and tedious synthesis process. With the advantages of relatively simple operability and widespread generality, noncovalent strategy is gradually considered an ideal choice to solve this dilemma. In this work, an enzyme‐activatable noncovalent fluorescent probe based on water soluble positively charged azobenzene containing poly(ethylene oxide)‐b‐poly[2‐(methacryloyloxy)‐N,N,N‐trimethylethan‐1‐aminium iodide‐co‐(4‐(4‐dimethylamino)phenylazophenyl methacrylate)] (PEG‐b‐PQDMA‐co‐PAZOMA) and negatively charged 3,3′‐(((2‐(4‐(2,2‐dicyano‐1‐phenylvinyl)phenyl)‐2‐phenylethene‐1,1‐diyl)bis(4,1‐phenylene))bis(oxy))bis(propane‐1‐sulfonate) (TPE‐2SO3−) is reported. Due to the fluorescence resonance energy transfer process from aggregates induced emission donor to azobenzene acceptor, this probe is nearly non‐emissive. After the reduction of azo bond by azoreductase under hypoxic condition, the probe emits strong fluorescence with long emission wavelength, realizing efficient off–on property. In addition, the cleavage of the azobenzene do not show influence on the morphology of the nano sized self‐assemblies.
Intermedin promotes vessel fusion by inducing VE‐cadherin accumulation at potential fusion sites and to achieve a dynamic balance between VE‐cadherin‐complex dissociation/reconstitution
Authors: Kong Lingmiao , Xiao Fei , Wang Lijun , Li Min , Wang Denian , Feng Zhongxue , Huang Luping , Wei Yong'gang , Li Hongyu , Liu Fei , Kang Yan , Liao Xuelian , Zhang Wei 
Published: June 2020

AbstractTo create a closed vascular system, angiogenic sprouts must meet and connect in a process called vessel fusion, which is a prerequisite for establishment of proper blood flow in nascent vessels. However, the molecular machinery underlying this process remains largely unknown. Herein, we report that intermedin (IMD), a calcitonin family member, promotes vessel fusion by inducing endothelial cells (ECs) to enter a “ready‐to‐anchor” state. IMD promotes vascular endothelial cadherin (VEC) accumulation at the potential fusion site to facilitate anchoring of approaching vessels to each other. Simultaneously, IMD fine‐tunes VEC activity to achieve a dynamic balance between VEC complex dissociation and reconstitution in order to widen the anastomotic point. IMD induces persistent VEC phosphorylation. Internalized phospho‐VEC preferentially binds to Rab4 and Rab11, which facilitate VEC vesicle recycling back to the cell‐cell contact for reconstruction of the VEC complex. This novel mechanism may explain how neovessels contact and fuse to adjacent vessels to create a closed vascular system.
Twelve‐month treatment of mental disorders in the Saudi National Mental Health Survey
Authors: Al‐Habeeb Abdulhameed , Altwaijri Yasmin A. , Al‐Subaie Abdullah S. , Bilal Lisa , Almeharish Amani , Sampson Nancy A. , Liu Howard , Kessler Ronald C. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo estimate treatment rates of 12‐month mental disorders in the Saudi National Mental Health Survey (SNMHS).MethodsThe SNMHS is a face‐to‐face community epidemiological survey in a nationally representative household sample of citizens ages 15–65 in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) (n = 4,004). The World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) was used to produce estimates of 12‐month prevalence and treatment of common DSM‐IV mental disorders.ResultsAbout one eighth (13.7%) of respondents with a 12‐month DSM‐IV/CIDI disorder received 12‐month treatment. The highest proportion of treatment occurred in the general medical sector (53.0%). Close to half (45.2%) of patients received treatment rated at least minimally adequate using standard treatment guidelines. Although serious disorders were significantly more likely to be treated (20.2%) than mild or moderate disorders (8.5–10.7%), no association was found between disorder severity and probability of receiving adequate treatment. Sociodemographic correlates were for the most part nonsignificant.ConclusionsA high level of unmet need for treatment of mental disorders exists in KSA. Further analyses of the SNMHS data might provide insights into modifiable barriers to treatment and policy options to address the problem of unmet need for treatment.