bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low‐density lipoproteins protect sperm during cryopreservation in buffalo: Unraveling mechanism of action
Authors: Dalal Jasmer , Chandolia Ramesh K. , Pawaria Shikha , Kumar Aman , Kumar Dharmendra , Selokar Naresh L. , Andonissamy Jerome , Yadav Prem S. , Kumar Pradeep 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis study was carried out to reveal factors and the mechanism of action by which low‐density lipoproteins (LDLs) protect sperm better than egg yolk (EY) during cryopreservation. We extracted LDL from EY and compared the amount of calcium, progesterone, and antioxidants in EY and LDL. We found a very high concentration of progesterone (1423.95 vs. 10.46 ng/ml) and calcium (29.19 vs. 0.47 mM) in EY as compared with LDL. Antioxidant assays like DPPH (2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl) and the ferric reducing antioxidants power assay revealed that the LDL extender had almost double ability to lose hydrogen than the EY extender. For sperm cryopreservation, 20 ejaculates from four Murrah buffalo bulls were collected. Each ejaculate was divided into four aliquots and extended in 10%, 12%, and 14% LDL (w/v) and EY‐based extenders, followed by cryopreservation. The LDL‐based extender prevented excessive cholesterol efflux, and its high content of antioxidants minimized reactive oxygen species generated during cryopreservation, resulting in a functional CatSper channel. The EY‐based extender promoted excess cholesterol efflux due to the presence of high‐density lipoprotein, resulting in a compromised CatSper channel. High intracellular calcium in a cryopreserved sperm in the EY group as compared with the LDL group indicates that progesterone present in EY activates the CatSper channel, resulting in a heavy calcium influx into the sperm. The greater tyrosine phosphorylation and increased number of F‐pattern in the sperm cryopreserved in the EY extender indicate that high intracellular calcium triggers more capacitation‐like changes in the sperm cryopreserved in EY than LDL extender. In conclusion, we demonstrated the new facts and understandings about LDL and EY for semen cryopreservation.
A local hybrid surrogate‐based finite element tearing interconnecting dual‐primal method for nonsmooth random partial differential equations
Authors: Eigel Martin , Gruhlke Robert 
Published: November 2020

AbstractA domain decomposition approach for high‐dimensional random partial differential equations exploiting the localization of random parameters is presented. To obtain high efficiency, surrogate models in multielement representations in the parameter space are constructed locally when possible. The method makes use of a stochastic Galerkin finite element tearing interconnecting dual‐primal formulation of the underlying problem with localized representations of involved input random fields. Each local parameter space associated to a subdomain is explored by a subdivision into regions where either the parametric surrogate accuracy can be trusted or where instead one has to resort to Monte Carlo. A heuristic adaptive algorithm carries out a problem‐dependent hp‐refinement in a stochastic multielement sense, anisotropically enlarging the trusted surrogate region as far as possible. This results in an efficient global parameter to solution sampling scheme making use of local parametric smoothness exploration for the surrogate construction. Adequately structured problems for this scheme occur naturally when uncertainties are defined on subdomains, for example, in a multiphysics setting, or when the Karhunen–Loève expansion of a random field can be localized. The efficiency of the proposed hybrid technique is assessed with numerical benchmark problems illustrating the identification of trusted (possibly higher order) surrogate regions and nontrusted sampling regions.
Mobile phone addiction and its association with burnout in Chinese novice nurses: A cross‐sectional survey
Authors: Ma Huan , He Ji‐Qun , Zou Jin‐Mei , Zhong Ying 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAimTo explore the levels of mobile phone addiction and burnout and their relationships among novice nurses.DesignA cross‐sectional investigation design.MethodsQuestionnaires were distributed to 400 novice nurses in five public hospitals in China. A total of 366 participants completed the survey. Data collected in 2020 were analysed by using descriptive statistics, an independent t test and Pearson's correlation analysis.ResultsThe results showed that the frequency of nursing adverse events was associated with higher level of mobile phone addiction in novice nurses, and 52.46% of the participants (N = 366) presented a high level of occupational burnout. Moreover, the results indicated that there was a positive correlation between the novice nurses’ mobile phone addiction level and burnout (r = .33, p < .01).ConclusionThe level of mobile phone addiction may affect nursing adverse events and nurses’ burnout. Education on novice nurses’ mobile phone use seems necessary to ensure patient safety and burnout prevention.ImpactFindings of this study expanded important knowledge about mobile phone addiction and its potential influence on nursing safety and nurse burnout and may place significant implications to staff nurse management and in‐service education.
A geostatistical Markov chain Monte Carlo inversion algorithm for electrical resistivity tomography
Authors: Aleardi Mattia , Vinciguerra Alessandro , Hojat Azadeh 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACTElectrical resistivity tomography is an ill‐posed and nonlinear inverse problem commonly solved through deterministic gradient‐based methods. These methods guarantee a fast convergence towards the final solution, but the local linearization of the inverse operator impedes accurate uncertainty assessments. On the contrary, numerical Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithms allow for accurate uncertainty appraisals, but appropriate Markov chain Monte Carlo recipes are needed to reduce the computational effort and make these approaches suitable to be applied to field data. A key aspect of any probabilistic inversion is the definition of an appropriate prior distribution of the model parameters that can also incorporate spatial constraints to mitigate the ill conditioning of the inverse problem. Usually, Gaussian priors oversimplify the actual distribution of the model parameters that often exhibit multimodality due to the presence of multiple litho‐fluid facies. In this work, we develop a novel probabilistic Markov chain Monte Carlo approach for inversion of electrical resistivity tomography data. This approach jointly estimates resistivity values, litho‐fluid facies, along with the associated uncertainties from the measured apparent resistivity pseudosection. In our approach, the unknown parameters include the facies model as well as the continuous resistivity values. At each spatial location, the distribution of the resistivity value is assumed to be multimodal and non‐parametric with as many modes as the number of facies. An advanced Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm (the differential evolution Markov chain) is used to efficiently sample the posterior density in a high‐dimensional parameter space. A Gaussian variogram model and a first‐order Markov chain respectively account for the lateral continuity of the continuous and discrete model properties, thereby reducing the null‐space of solutions. The direct sequential simulation geostatistical method allows the generation of sampled models that honour both the assumed marginal prior and spatial constraints. During the Markov chain Monte Carlo walk, we iteratively sample the facies, by moving from one mode to another, and the resistivity values, by sampling within the same mode. The proposed method is first validated by inverting the data calculated from synthetic models. Then, it is applied to field data and benchmarked against a standard local inversion algorithm. Our experiments prove that the proposed Markov chain Monte Carlo inversion retrieves reliable estimations and accurate uncertainty quantifications with a reasonable computational effort.
Moving beyond the measure: Understanding patients' experiences of communication with nurses
Authors: Trotta Rebecca L. , Rao Aditi D. , McHugh Matthew D. , Yoho Margaret , Cunningham Regina S. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractUnder Medicare's Value‐Based Purchasing Program, scores derived from the Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS) survey are used in the determination of incentive payments and financial penalties for healthcare organizations. Organizations, therefore, invest in approaches to improve the likelihood of positive patient responses. Evidence suggests that nurse communication as measured by HCAHPS influences overall patient satisfaction, yet little is known regarding what patients believe constitutes effective communication with nurses. In this qualitative descriptive study, we conducted phone interviews with 49 recently hospitalized patients to better understand patients' perceptions of their communication with nurses. Our findings indicate that patients perceived their communication with nurses to unfold via nurses' behaviors. Namely, nurses' engagement with patients, anticipation of patients' needs, responsiveness to patients' concerns, and teaching practices positively influence patient satisfaction with communication with nurses. These behaviors resonated most strongly with patients during particularly memorable moments of uncertainty and vulnerability over the course of a hospital stay. These findings suggest that focusing on the development of nurses' behaviors, ensuring processes are in place to support positive behaviors and creating organizational environments that position nurses to consistently apply these behaviors, can improve patients' perceptions of their communication with nurses. These findings also provide a foundation for further research focused on developing and testing specific behavioral interventions and their effect on communication perception.
Chimeric antigen receptor‐modified macrophages trigger systemic anti‐tumour immunity
Authors: Niu Zhiyuan , Chen Guanxu , Chang Wei , Sun Pengyang , Luo Zhixia , Zhang Huiyong , Zhi Lingtong , Guo Changjiang , Chen Han , Yin Meichen , Zhu Wuling 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPreliminary results and emerging data have shown that lipid droplet high (LDhi) immunosuppressive cells accumulate in tumour tissues. By tracking and phenotypic profiling of LDhi cells, we find that LDhiCD19+, LDhiCD11b+, and LDhiLy6G+ immune cell populations appear in the spleen, thymus, and tumour tissues in a syngeneic tumour model. Using a contact‐dependent reporter system, we discover a LDhiCCR7hi immunosuppressive cell population that migrates from tumour tissues to the spleen and thymus. Hence, we engineered a family of chimeric antigen receptor‐modified macrophages (CAR‐Ms) that direct macrophages to CCR7‐positive cells and show that the cytosolic domain from Mer receptor tyrosine kinase (MerTK) triggers tumour cell cytotoxicity by the CAR‐Ms. In vivo, CCR7‐targeted CAR‐Ms suppressed tumour growth and prolonged survival by preventing metastasis and by inducing systemic anti‐tumour immunity through retarding the migration of LDhiCCR7hi immunosuppressive cells from tumour tissues to distal immune organs, indicating an important role for CCR7 in tumour cell‐induced immune tolerance. © 2020 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Study on mechanical and thermomechanical properties of flax/glass fiber hybrid‐reinforced epoxy composites
Authors: Wang Hongguang , Yang Lanjie , Wu Hao 
Published: November 2020

AbstractA hybrid fiber‐reinforced plastic (HFRP) composite is defined as a composite material that is reinforced by two or more continuous fiber materials in the same resin matrix. This article used the hand layup method to prepare epoxy‐based flax and glass HFRP composites. Under the same fiber hybrid ratio, the interlayer and sandwich hybrid lamination methods were used for mechanical properties testing of the composite. The tensile and bending properties of the HFRP composites were obtained by tensile and three‐point bending tests, and the cross‐sectional morphology of the material was observed by a scanning electron microscopy. The thermomechanical properties of the HFRP composite were analyzed by the dynamic mechanical thermomechanical analysis (DMTA). The results showed that the effect of the different layup methods on the tensile properties of the HFRP composite material was less than the effect of the bending properties, and the bending properties showed a significant positive effect for the hybrid composites. When the glass fiber sheet was used as the core layer and the flax fiber sheet was used as the surface layer, the hybrid composites had improved bending properties, and their bending strength and flexural modulus were approximately 3.22 times and 3.81 times that of flax FRP composites, respectively. The storage modulus and glass transition temperature of the HFRP composites were higher than those of flax FRP composites as they increased by 84.1% and 8.01°C, respectively.
The effect of emerging molecular and genetic therapies on cardiopulmonary disease in Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Authors: McKim Douglas A. , Cripe Timothy P. , Cripe Linda H. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractGene therapy is an attractive approach being intensively studied to prevent muscle deterioration in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. While clinical trials are only in early stages, initial reports are promising for its effects on ambulation. Cardiopulmonary failure, however, is the most common cause of mortality in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) patients, and little is known regarding the prospects for gene therapy on alleviating DMD‐associated cardiomyopathy and respiratory failure. Here we review current knowledge regarding effects of gene therapy on DMD cardiomyopathy and discuss respiratory endpoints that should be considered as outcome measures in future clinical trials.
Green approach for fabrication of chitosan‐neem gum polyelectrolyte stabilized penta and hexagonal nanoparticles and in‐vitro cytotoxic potential toward breast cancer (MCF‐7) cells
Authors: Malviya Rishabha 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe present investigation aimed to utilize chitosan‐neem gum polysaccharide (Ch‐NGP) polyelectrolyte complex for the fabrication of hexagonal and pentagonal nanoparticles using antisolvent precipitation method. Fabricated nanoparticles were found in the range of 63.1 to 447.2 nm with the entrapment efficiency of 76.80 ± 1.28 to 89.82 ± 2.32%. A nonlinear correlation between the independent variable and response was observed after the regression coefficient based linearity analysis. Drug release was carried out using the egg membrane and tomato membrane as a biological barrier. All the formulations show peculiar release pattern viz. initial immediate release, followed by sustained release and final burst release of the drug. Similarity factor analysis easily showed a significant difference in drug release patterns when the egg membrane and tomato membrane were utilized as biological barriers (S˂50). Anticancerous effect against breast cancer cells line (MCF‐7) shows better control over cell growth when etoricoxib loaded nanoparticles were used in place of pure etoricoxib. Particle size growth analysis elicits that significantly no “Ostwald ripening” was observed after 45 days. It can be concluded from the findings of the experiments that Ch‐NGP polyelectrolyte functionalized hexagonal and pentagonal nanoparticles can be utilized for passive targeting of tumor cells due to its unique properties.
Prediction schemes for disturbance attenuation of discrete‐time linear systems with input‐delay
Authors: Wu Ai‐Guo , Wang Yu 
Published: November 2020

SummaryIn this article, two predictors are developed to estimate the future state of a discrete‐time linear system with input delay and external disturbance. The ultimate bounds of the state of the closed‐loop system are given when the predictor‐based state feedback control laws are used via the proposed predictors. Based on these expressions, the disturbance attenuation performance is analyzed for the proposed prediction schemes. For constant disturbance, the error between the estimated state and the further state can be eliminated by the controller based on these two predictors. A numerical example is employed to show the effectiveness of the proposed prediction schemes.
Variations in sustainable development goal interactions: Population, regional, and income disaggregation
Authors: Warchold Anne , Pradhan Prajal , Kropp Jürgen P. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractTo fulfill the 2030 Agenda, the complexity of sustainable development goal (SDG) interactions needs to be disentangled. However, this understanding is currently limited. We conduct a cross‐sectional correlational analysis for 2016 to understand SDG interactions under the entire development spectrum. We apply several correlation methods to classify the interaction as synergy or trade‐off and characterize them according to their monotony and linearity. Simultaneously, we analyze SDG interactions considering population, location, income, and regional groups. Our findings highlight that synergies always outweigh trade‐offs and linear outweigh non‐linear interactions. SDG 1, 5, and 6 are associated with linear synergies, SDG 3, and 7 with non‐linear synergies. SDG interactions vary according to a country's income and region along with the gender, age, and location of its population. In summary, to achieve the 2030 Agenda the detected interactions and inequalities across countries need be tracked and leveraged to “leave no one behind.”
Net benefit in the presence of correlated prioritized outcomes using generalized pairwise comparisons: A simulation study
Authors: Giai Joris , Maucort‐Boulch Delphine , Ozenne Brice , Chiêm Jean‐Christophe , Buyse Marc , Péron Julien 
Published: November 2020

BackgroundThe prioritized net benefit (Δ) is a measure of the benefit‐risk balance in clinical trials, based on generalized pairwise comparisons (GPC) using several prioritized outcomes. Its estimation requires the classification as Wins or Losses of all possible pairs of patients, one from the experimental treatment (E) group and one from the control treatment (C) group. In this simulation study, we assessed the impact of the correlation between prioritized outcomes on Δ, its estimate, bias, size, and power.MethodsThe theoretical Δ value was derived for the specific case of two correlated binary outcomes when a normal copula is used. Focusing on one efficacy and one toxicity outcome, two situations frequently met in practice were simulated: binary efficacy outcome with binary toxicity outcome, or time to event efficacy outcome with categorical toxicity outcome. Several scenarios of efficacy and toxicity were generated, with various levels of correlation.ResultsWhen E was more effective than C, positive correlations were mainly associated with a decrease in the proportion of Losses, while negative correlations were associated with a decrease in the proportion of Wins on the toxicity outcome. This resulted in an increase of with the intensity of the positive correlation without adding any bias. Results were similar whatever the type of outcomes generated but led to power alteration.ConclusionCorrelations between outcomes analyzed with GPC led to substantial but predictable modifications of Δ and its estimate. Correlations should be taken into consideration when performing sample size estimations in clinical trials.
Supramolecular Cages Based on a Silver Complex as Adaptable Hosts for Poly‐Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Authors: Sun Na , Wang Shi‐Qiang , Andaloussi Yassin H. , Liu Guorui , Fu Tonghuan , Xu Jialiang , Zaworotko Michael J. , Bu Xian‐He 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn this work, an L‐shaped silver complex, AgLClO4 (L = 2,3‐bis[3‐(pyridin‐2‐yl)‐1H‐pyrazol‐1‐yl·methyl]quinoxaline), M, is found to be adaptable enough to host a range of medium and large aromatic hydrocarbons including several polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The transformation of M from as‐synthesized closed (nonporous) crystalline to at least three types of open phase structures in the presence of different aromatic hydrocarbons enables the adaptable binding of M to these aromatics. In essence, M can rearrange its cavities to fit the different sizes and shapes of the guest molecules in the manner that is infeasible with cage compounds or coordination networks. Single‐crystal and powder X‐ray diffraction confirm the adaptable structures of the resulting host–guest complexes, M·nG (G = guest, n = 0.5 or 0.75). Detailed 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance spectra, along with the fluorescence spectroscopy, reveal that the host–guest complexes feature similar chemical compositions in the solution, but are in the states of rapid exchange in and outside the cages. Such an adaptability of M provides insights into the strength of host–guest interactions and enables a new class of adsorptive molecular materials that can bind a large number of aromatics, specifically PAHs.
Integrated Structure and Device Engineering for High Performance and Scalable Quantum Dot Infrared Photodetectors
Authors: Xu Kaimin , Zhou Wenjia , Ning Zhijun 
Published: November 2020

AbstractColloidal quantum dots (CQDs) are emerging as promising materials for the next generation infrared (IR) photodetectors, due to their easy solution processing, low cost manufacturing, size‐tunable optoelectronic properties, and flexibility. Tremendous efforts including material engineering and device structure manipulation have been made to improve the performance of the photodetectors based on CQDs. In recent years, benefiting from the facial integration with materials such as 2D structure, perovskite and silicon, as well as device engineering, the performance of CQD IR photodetectors have been developing rapidly. On the other hand, to prompt the application of CQD IR photodetectors, scalable device structures that are compatible with commercial systems are developed. Herein, recent advances of CQD based IR photodetectors are summarized, especially material integration, device engineering, and scalable device structures.
Calcium‐Based Metal–Organic Frameworks and Their Potential Applications
Authors: Xian Shikai , Lin Yuhan , Wang Hao , Li Jing 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMetal–organic frameworks (MOFs) built on calcium metal (Ca‐MOFs) represent a unique subclass of MOFs featuring high stability, low toxicity, and relatively low density. Ca‐MOFs show considerable potential for molecular separations, electronic, magnetic, and biomedical applications, although they are not investigated as extensively as transition metal‐based MOFs. Compared to MOFs made of other groups of metals, Ca‐MOFs may be particularly advantageous for certain applications such as adsorption and storage of light molecules because of their gravimetric benefit, and drug delivery due to their high biocompatibility. This review intends to provide an overview on the recent development of Ca‐MOFs, including their synthesis, crystal structures, important properties, and related applications. Various synthetic methods and techniques, types of building blocks, structure and porosity features, selected physical properties, and potential uses will be discussed and summarized. Representative examples will be illustrated for each type of important applications with a focus on their structure–property relations.