bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Protection of human induced pluripotent stem cells against shear stress in suspension culture by Bingham plastic fluid
Authors: Horiguchi Ikki , Torizal Fuad Gandhi , Nagate Hotaka , Inose Haruka , Inamura Kousuke , Hirata Osamu , Hayashi Hisato , Horikawa Masato , Sakai Yasuyuki 
Published: November 2020

AbstractSuspension culture is an important method used in the industrial preparation of pluripotent stem cells (PSCs), for regenerative therapy and drug screening. Generally, a suspension culture requires agitation to keep PSC aggregates suspended and to promote mass transfer, but agitation also causes cell damage. In this study, we investigated the use of a Bingham plastic fluid, supplemented with a polysaccharide‐based polymer, to preserve PSCs from cell damage in suspension culture. Rheometric analysis showed that the culture medium gained yield stress and became a Bingham plastic fluid, after supplementation with the polymer FP003. A growth/death analysis revealed that 2 days of aggregate formation and 2 days of suspension in the Bingham plastic medium improved cell growth and prevented cell death. After the initial aggregation step, whereas strong agitation (120 rpm) of a conventional culture medium resulted in massive cell death, in the Bingham plastic fluid we obtained the same growth as the normal culture with optimal agitation (90 rpm). This indicates that Bingham plastic fluid protected cells from shear stress in suspension culture and could be used to enhance their robustness when developing a large‐scale.
Partnering a Three‐Coordinate Gallium Cation with a Hydroborate Counter‐Ion for the Catalytic Hydrosilylation of CO2
Authors: Caise Alexa , Hicks Jamie , Ángeles Fuentes M. , Goicoechea Jose M. , Aldridge Simon 
Published: November 2020

AbstractA novel β‐diketiminate stabilized gallium hydride, (DippL)Ga(Ad)H (where (DippL)={HC(MeCDippN)2}, Dipp=2,6‐diisopropylphenyl and Ad=1‐adamantyl), has been synthesized and shown to undergo insertion of carbon dioxide into the Ga−H bond under mild conditions. In this case, treatment of the resulting κ1‐formate complex with triethylsilane does not lead to regeneration of the hydride precursor. However, when combined with B(C6F5)3, (DippL)Ga(Ad)H catalyses the reductive hydrosilylation of CO2. Under stoichiometric conditions, the addition of one equivalent of B(C6F5)3 to (DippL)Ga(Ad)H leads to the formation of a 3‐coordinate cationic gallane complex, partnered with a hydroborate anion, [(DippL)Ga(Ad)][HB(C6F5)3]. This complex rapidly hydrometallates carbon dioxide and catalyses the selective reduction of CO2 to the formaldehyde oxidation level at 60 °C in the presence of Et3SiH (yielding H2C(OSiEt3)2). When catalysis is undertaken in the presence of excess B(C6F5)3, appreciable enhancement of activity is observed, with a corresponding reduction in selectivity: the product distribution includes H2C(OSiEt3)2, CH4 and O(SiEt3)2. While this system represents proof‐of‐concept in CO2 hydrosilylation by a gallium hydride system, the TOF values obtained are relatively modest (max. 10 h−1). This is attributed to the strength of binding of the formatoborate anion to the gallium centre in the catalytic intermediate (DippL)Ga(Ad){OC(H)OB(C6F5)3}, and the correspondingly slow rate of the turnover‐limiting hydrosilylation step. In turn, this strength of binding can be related to the relatively high Lewis acidity measured for the [(DippL)Ga(Ad)]+ cation (AN=69.8).
Synergetic Effect of Mo6 Clusters and Gold Nanoparticles on the Photophysical Properties of Both Components
Authors: Novikova Evgeniya D. , Vorotnikov Yuri A. , Nikolaev Nazar A. , Tsygankova Alphiya R. , Shestopalov Michael A. , Efremova Olga A. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPhotodynamic and photothermal therapies (PDT, and PTT, respectively) are promising candidates for multimodal anticancer therapies (i.e., combinations of therapies), since their action is based on mechanisms that generally cannot be resisted by cancer cells, that is, generation of highly oxidizing oxygen species and high temperature, respectively. Herein, hybrid materials that combine octahedral molybdenum clusters as potential PDT agents and plasmonic spherical gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as PTT agents are reported. Partial overlap of the photoemission spectrum of the cluster and the surface plasmon resonance band of the AuNPs facilitates energy transfer between the photoactive components, which resulted in synergetic enhancement of their photophysical properties. Specifically, by careful selection of the spacing between the cluster and the gold nanoparticle, a significant increase in luminescence and photosensitizing properties of the cluster was achieved in comparison with similar, but gold‐free, particles. On the other hand, the cluster complex facilitated energy conversion to heat by gold particles and hence increased the heating rate under laser irradiation.
An Aldehyde Responsive, Cleavable Linker for Glucose Responsive Insulins
Authors: Mannerstedt Karin , Mishra Narendra Kumar , Engholm Ebbe , Lundh Morten , Madsen Charlotte S. , Pedersen Philip J. , Le‐Huu Priska , Pedersen Søren L. , Buch‐Månson Nina , Borgström Björn , Brimert Thomas , Fink Lisbeth N. , Fosgerau Keld , Vrang Niels , Jensen Knud J. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractA glucose responsive insulin (GRI) that responds to changes in blood glucose concentrations has remained an elusive goal. Here we describe the development of glucose cleavable linkers based on hydrazone and thiazolidine structures. We developed linkers with low levels of spontaneous hydrolysis but increased level of hydrolysis with rising concentrations of glucose, which demonstrated their glucose responsiveness in vitro. Lipidated hydrazones and thiazolidines were conjugated to the LysB29 side‐chain of HI by pH‐controlled acylations providing GRIs with glucose responsiveness confirmed in vitro for thiazolidines. Clamp studies showed increased glucose infusion at hyperglycemic conditions for one GRI indicative of a true glucose response. The glucose responsive cleavable linker in these GRIs allow changes in glucose levels to drive the release of active insulin from a circulating depot. We have demonstrated an unprecedented, chemically responsive linker concept for biopharmaceuticals.
Copper‐Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidative Cleavage of Unstrained Carbon‐Carbon Bonds of 1,1‐Disubstituted Alkenes with Sulfonyl Hydrazides
Authors: Yi Dong , He Linying , Qi Zhongyu , Zhang Zhijie , Li Mengshun , Lu Ji , Wei Jun , Du Xi , Fu Qiang , Wei Siping 
Published: November 2020

Main observation and conclusionAlkoxy radical‐mediated carbon‐carbon bond cleavages have emerged as a powerful strategy to complement traditional ionic‐type transformations. However, carbon‐carbon cleavage reaction triggered by alkoxy radical intermediate derived from the combination of alkyl radical and dioxygen, is scarce and underdeveloped. Herein, we report alkoxy radical, which was generated from alkyl radical and dioxygen, mediated selective cleavage of unstrained carbon‐carbon bond for the oxysulfonylation of 1,1‐disubstituted alkenes, providing facile access to a variety of valuable β‐keto sulfones. Mechanistic experiments indicated alkoxy radical intermediate that underwent subsequent regioselective β‐scission might be involved in the reaction and preliminary computational studies were conducted to provide a detailed explanation on the regioselectivity of the C—C bond cleavage. Notably, the strategy was successfully applied for constructing uneasily obtained architecturally intriguing molecules.
White appearance of virtual stimuli produced by augmented reality
Authors: Huang Hsin‐Pou , Wei Minchen , Chen Siyuan 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAugmented reality superimposes virtual objects onto a real environment, allowing humans to simultaneously see virtual objects and real environment. Such a viewing condition and the luminance relationship between virtual objects and real environments introduce new challenges in color appearance characterization. In this study, an augmented reality simulator was built and the human observers adjusted the color appearance of a virtual stimulus to the whitest under different real environments. The general differences between the chromaticities for producing the whitest appearance under different adapting correlated color temperature (CCT) and adapting luminance were similar to those in the past studies investigating surface colors and self‐luminous displays, but the effect of adapting CCT was found smaller. It suggested a lower degree of chromatic adaptation when viewing stimuli produced by an augmented reality graphic.
Using community photography to investigate phenology: A case study of coat molt in the mountain goat (Oreamnos americanus) with missing data
Authors: Nowak Katarzyna , Berger Joel , Panikowski Amy , Reid Donald G. , Jacob Aerin L. , Newman Greg , Young Nicholas E. , Beckmann Jon P. , Richards Shane A. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractParticipatory approaches, such as community photography, can engage the public in questions of societal and scientific interest while helping advance understanding of ecological patterns and processes. We combined data extracted from community‐sourced, spatially explicit photographs with research findings from 2018 fieldwork in the Yukon, Canada, to evaluate winter coat molt patterns and phenology in mountain goats (Oreamnos americanus), a cold‐adapted, alpine mammal. Leveraging the community science portals iNaturalist and CitSci, in less than a year we amassed a database of almost seven hundred unique photographs spanning some 4,500 km between latitudes 37.6°N and 61.1°N from 0 to 4,333 m elevation. Using statistical methods accounting for incomplete data, a common issue in community science datasets, we identified the effects of intrinsic (sex and presence of offspring) and broad environmental (latitude and elevation) factors on molt onset and rate and compared our findings with published data. Shedding occurred over a 3‐month period between 29 May and 6 September. Effects of sex and offspring on the timing of molt were consistent between the community‐sourced and our Yukon data and with findings on wild mountain goats at a long‐term research site in west‐central Alberta, Canada. Males molted first, followed by females without offspring (4.4 days later in the coarse‐grained, geographically wide community science sample; 29.2 days later in our fine‐grained Yukon sample) and lastly females with new kids (6.2; 21.2 days later, respectively). Shedding was later at higher elevations and faster at northern latitudes. Our findings establish a basis for employing community photography to examine broad‐scale questions about the timing of ecological events, as well as sex differences in response to possible climate drivers. In addition, community photography can help inspire public participation in environmental and outdoor activities specifically with reference to iconic wildlife.
Effects of maternal genotypic identity and genetic diversity of the red mangroveRhizophora mangleon associated soil bacterial communities: A field‐based experiment
Authors: Craig Hayley , Kennedy John Paul , Devlin Donna J. , Bardgett Richard D. , Rowntree Jennifer K. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractLoss of plant biodiversity can result in reduced abundance and diversity of associated species with implications for ecosystem functioning. In ecosystems low in plant species diversity, such as Neotropical mangrove forests, it is thought that genetic diversity within the dominant plant species could play an important role in shaping associated communities. Here, we used a manipulative field experiment to study the effects of maternal genotypic identity and genetic diversity of the red mangroveRhizophora mangleon the composition and richness of associated soil bacterial communities. Using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T‐RFLP) community fingerprinting, we found that bacterial community composition differed amongR. manglematernal genotypes but not with genetic diversity. Bacterial taxa richness, total soil nitrogen, and total soil carbon were not significantly affected by maternal genotypic identity or genetic diversity ofR. mangle. Our findings show that genotype selection in reforestation projects could influence soil bacterial community composition. Further research is needed to determine what impact these bacterial community differences might have on ecosystem processes, such as carbon and nitrogen cycling.
Asymmetric effects of litter accumulation on soil temperature and dominant plant species in fenced grasslands
Authors: Hou Dongjie , Liu Changcheng , Qiao Xianguo , Guo Ke 
Published: November 2020

AbstractExcess litter accumulates on the soil surface of fenced grasslands and alters the abiotic environment and plant population dynamics. However, little is known about the effect of litter accumulation on the interaction between environmental factors and plant population characteristics in fenced grasslands, especially over different time scales. We applied a three‐year litter removal experiment to two kinds of fenced grasslands in Inner Mongolia, China. We measured soil temperature in situ and plant phenology and population characteristics of three dominant species (Stipa grandis, S. krylovii, and Leymus chinensis). During the growing season, litter accumulation (i.e., the control) significantly decreased soil temperature, with a larger effect in the daytime than at night. The diurnal negative effect gradually weakened across the growing season, whereas the negative effect in the nighttime shifted to a positive effect on soil temperature in the late growing season. The decreased soil temperature delayed plant phenology, with longer delays in S. grandis and S. krylovii than L. chinensis. Litter accumulation also significantly increased the height, cover, root biomass, and relative dominance of L. chinensis but decreased cover, density, root biomass, and relative dominance of both Stipa, driving replacement of S. grandis or S. krylovii by L. chinensis in two grasslands. Our findings emphasize the critical function of litter in grassland management and provide a new insight to elucidating the mechanism of how litter accumulation regulates the abiotic environment, community composition and structure, and successional change in fenced grasslands.
Fast computation method of static voltage stability using geometric parameter adjustment for the continuation power flow
Authors: Kuroda Eisuke , Watanabe Masahiro , Kato Daichi , Saito Nao , Yatsu Masahiro 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis paper presents a fast computation method of static voltage stability using geometric parameter adjustment for the continuation power flow. The conventional method has the following problems: voltage stability assessment (VSA) is high accuracy but there is much total convergence calculation number of times. The features of the proposed method are following: (1) to change the step size of a geometric parameter in prediction part, (2) to adjust a geometric parameter using temporary maximum loading point (MLP) by Look‐Ahead method. The proposed method has an advantage of being able to maintain high accuracy for VSA and to calculate less total convergence calculation number of times than conventional methods in IEEE test case of 118 and 300 bus systems.
Comparable outcomes between genders in patients undergoing surgical ventricular reconstruction for ischaemic heart failure
Authors: Castelvecchio Serenella , Milani Valentina , Volpe Marianna , Citarella Michele , Ambrogi Federico , Boveri Sara , Saitto Guglielmo , Garatti Andrea , Menicanti Lorenzo 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAimsFemale sex and heart failure (HF) are considered poor prognostic factors for surgery. We aimed to investigate the association between sex and surgical outcomes in patients with ischaemic HF undergoing surgical ventricular reconstruction and coronary artery bypass grafting.Methods and resultsFrom July 2001 to June 2017, 648 patients [111 women (17%) and 537 men (83%)] were referred to our centre. Follow‐up continued through June 2018. All patients underwent surgical ventricular reconstruction; coronary artery bypass grafting was performed in 582 patients (90%). Primary outcome was defined as all‐cause mortality. Secondary outcome included all‐cause mortality or all‐cause hospitalization. Women were older (70 vs. 65 years, P < 0.0001) with lower body surface area (1.70 vs. 1.86 m2, P < 0.0001). Women had more diabetes (36% vs. 24%, P = 0.005) and a higher New York Heart Association classification (Class III/IV 65.7% vs. 47.8%, P = 0.0006), without any significant difference in medical therapy except for a higher use of oral antidiabetic agents in women (P = 0.029). At baseline, the left ventricular (LV) end‐diastolic volume index was significantly lower in women [median 107.06 (80.6–127.81) vs. 113. 04 (94.33–135.52) mL/m2, P = 0.0078] but not the LV end‐systolic volume index (ESVI) [median 73.45 (51.93–96.79) vs. 77.03 (60.33–95.71) mL/m2, P = 0.1393] and the ejection fraction (median 31% vs. 32%, P = 0.150). Women had a higher rate of anterior remodelling (90.9% vs. 79.1%, P = 0.0129), without evidence of differences in mitral valve insufficiency (P = 0.761 for Grade 0 to 4) and mitral surgery (P = 0.810). After surgery, the percentage of reduction in LV ESVI was higher in women than in men (median ΔLV ESVI −42.06 vs. −31.99, P = 0.0003). Mortality within 30 days occurred in 43 patients (6.64%): 12 women (10.81%) and 31 men (5.77%, P = 0.0522). Over a median follow‐up of 9.8 years, all‐cause mortality occurred in 269 patients (41.64%), without significant difference between women (45.9%) and men (40.7%). There was no evidence of difference of all‐cause death between sexes (log‐rank = 0.2441). When considering mortality and first hospitalization as competing events, Gray's test showed no difference of cumulative incidence functions (all‐cause hospitalization, all‐cause death, and combined endpoint) according to sex (P = 0.909, P = 0.445, and P = 0.429, respectively).ConclusionsIn this study, long‐term outcomes for women and men with ischaemic HF undergoing complex cardiac surgery were equivalent. Albeit older and more symptomatic, women should not be denied this type of cardiac surgery.
Clinical, psychological and quality of life differences in fibromyalgia patients from secondary and tertiary healthcare
Authors: Campos Ricardo Pereira , Vázquez Isabel , Vilhena Estela 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe ‘funnel effect’ of Fibromyalgia (FM) assumes that as patients access healthcare services, they present greater severity and a more complex clinical situation than individuals with FM from the general population, but the studies comparing patients treated in different levels of healthcare are scarce. The aim of this study was to analyse the ‘funnel effect’ hypothesis by comparing patients from secondary and tertiary healthcare services.MethodsA cross‐sectional sample of female patients was selected in secondary (rheumatology practices ‐ RP) and in tertiary healthcare (chronic pain clinics ‐ CPC). Information about sociodemographic, clinical and psychological characteristics was collected and health related quality of life (HRQL) was assessed.ResultsIn total, 55 patients from RP and 60 patients from CPC were included in the comparison. Patients from CPC revealed a worst clinical status (higher number of tender points, medical visits and comorbidity), more somatic symptoms (pain and daytime dysfunction levels) and worst emotional status (more anxiety) than patients from RP. Patients attending CPC also revealed a worst HRQL than RP patients although this difference was mediated by the differences in clinical and psychological variables.ConclusionsOur study supports the ‘funnel effect’ hypothesis among patients of different healthcare levels, with patients from tertiary healthcare services revealing worst clinical status, more somatic and psychological symptoms, and worst HRQL than patients from secondary healthcare services.SignificanceThe worst clinical and psychological status and poorer quality of life in the patients from tertiary healthcare (chronic pain clinics) in relation to the patients from secondary healthcare (rheumatology practices) must be taken into account to design studies that assess any of these aspects, to a proper analysis and interpretation of the data, and to define the scope of its generalization, as data from different clinical settings are not directly comparable.
Predicting long‐term postsurgical pain by examining the evolution of acute pain
Authors: Smith Cameron R. , Baharloo Raheleh , Nickerson Paul , Wallace Margaret , Zou Baiming , Fillingim Roger B. , Crispen Paul , Parvataneni Hari , Gray Chancellor , Prieto Hernan , Machuca Tiago , Hughes Steven , Murad Gregory , Rashidi Parisa , Tighe Patrick J. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundIncreased acute postoperative pain intensity has been associated with the development of persistent postsurgical pain (PPP) in mechanistic and clinical investigations, but it remains unclear which aspects of acute pain explain this linkage.MethodsWe analysed clinical postoperative pain intensity assessments using symbolic aggregate approximations (SAX), a graphical way of representing changes between pain states from one patient evaluation to the next, to visualize and understand how pain intensity changes across sequential assessments are associated with the intensity of postoperative pain at 1 (M1) and 6 (M6) months after surgery. SAX‐based acute pain transition patterns were compared using cosine similarity, which indicates the degree to which patterns mirror each other.ResultsThis single‐centre prospective cohort study included 364 subjects. Patterns of acute postoperative pain sequential transitions differed between the ‘None’ and ‘Severe’ outcomes at M1 (cosine similarity 0.44) and M6 (cosine similarity 0.49). Stratifications of M6 outcomes by preoperative pain intensity, sex, age group, surgery type and catastrophising showed significant heterogeneity of pain transition patterns within and across strata. Severe‐to‐severe acute pain transitions were common, but not exclusive, in patients with moderate or severe pain intensity at M6.ConclusionsClinically, these results suggest that individual pain‐state transitions, even within patient or procedural strata associated with PPP, may not alone offer good predictive information regarding PPP. Longitudinal observation in the immediate postoperative period and consideration of patient‐ and surgery‐specific factors may help indicate which patients are at increased risk of PPP.SignificanceSymbolic aggregate approximations of clinically obtained, acute postoperative pain intraday time series identify different motifs in patients suffering moderate to severe pain 6 months after surgery.