bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Normalized skin conductance level could differentiate physical pain stimuli from other sympathetic stimuli
Authors: Sugimine Satomi , Saito Shigeru , Takazawa Tomonori 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSkin conductance monitoring is one of the promising methods for objectively evaluating pain. However, skin conductance might possibly increase in response to sympathetic stimulation other than pain. In this study, we aimed to test whether skin conductance monitoring can distinguish physical pain stimulation (heat, mechanical and cold stimulation) from other sympathetic stimuli (stimulation by noise and painful images). Twenty-three healthy volunteers participated in this prospective observational study. The number of fluctuations in skin conductance (NFSC) and normalized skin conductance level (nSCL) were measured and compared with pain scores on a self-reported pain scale (numerical pain scale [NPS]). Both NFSC and nSCL increased during mechanical stimulation. Further, nSCL, but not NFSC, well reflected heat stimulus intensity, suggesting its ability to quantitatively evaluate pain. nSCLs during physical pain stimulation were greater than those during other sympathetic stimulations. However, NFSC was not able to completely distinguish between the stimuli. These results suggest that nSCL could better differentiate physical pain stimuli from other sympathetic stimuli than NFSC. In comparisons between subjective and objective pain assessment in the same individual, nSCL correlated better with NPS score, indicating the possibility of being able to monitor the transition of pain. Monitoring changes in skin conductance using nSCL might be useful for objectively detecting physical pain.
Enhanced Notch3 signaling contributes to pulmonary emphysema in a Murine Model of Marfan syndrome
Authors: Jespersen Kathryn , Liu Zhibo , Li Chenxin , Harding Paul , Sestak Kylie , Batra Rishi , Stephenson Christopher A. , Foley Ryan T. , Greene Harrison , Meisinger Trevor , Baxter B. Timothy , Xiong Wanfen 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMarfan syndrome (MFS) is a heritable disorder of connective tissue, caused by mutations in the fibrillin-1 gene. Pulmonary functional abnormalities, such as emphysema and restrictive lung diseases, are frequently observed in patients with MFS. However, the pathogenesis and molecular mechanism of pulmonary involvement in MFS patients are underexplored. Notch signaling is essential for lung development and the airway epithelium regeneration and repair. Therefore, we investigated whether Notch3 signaling plays a role in pulmonary emphysema in MFS. By using a murine model of MFS, fibrillin-1 hypomorphic mgR mice, we found pulmonary emphysematous-appearing alveolar patterns in the lungs of mgR mice. The septation in terminal alveoli of lungs in mgR mice was reduced compared to wild type controls in the early lung development. These changes were associated with increased Notch3 activation. To confirm that the increased Notch3 signaling in mgR mice was responsible for structure alterations in the lungs, mice were treated with N-[N-(3,5-difluorophenacetyl)-l-alanyl]-S-phenylglucine t-butyl ester (DAPT), a $$\gamma$$
γ
-secretase inhibitor, which inhibits Notch signaling. DAPT treatment reduced lung cell apoptosis and attenuated pulmonary alteration in mice with MFS. This study indicates that Notch3 signaling contributes to pulmonary emphysema in mgR mice. Our results may have the potential to lead to novel strategies to prevent and treat pulmonary manifestations in patients with MFS.
Improving plasma sprayed Raney-type nickel–molybdenum electrodes towards high-performance hydrogen evolution in alkaline medium
Authors: Razmjooei Fatemeh , Liu Taikai , Azevedo Daniela Aguiar , Hadjixenophontos Efi , Reissner Regine , Schiller Günter , Ansar Syed Asif , Friedrich Kaspar Andreas 
Published: July 2020

AbstractRationally designed free-standing and binder-free Raney-type nickel–molybdenum (Ni–Mo) electrodes produced via atmospheric plasma spraying (APS) are developed by correlating APS process parameters with the microstructure of electrodes and their electrochemical performance in alkaline media. The results revealed that the electrode morphology and elemental composition are highly affected by the plasma parameters during the electrode fabrication. It is found that increasing plasma gas flow rate and input plasma power resulted in higher in-flight particle velocities and shorter dwell time, which in result delivered electrodes with much finer structure exhibiting homogeneous distribution of phases, larger quantity of micro pores and suitable content of Ni and Mo. Tafel slope of electrodes decreased with increasing the in-flight particles velocities from 71 to 33 mV dec−1in 30 wt.% KOH. However, beyond a critical threshold in-flight velocity and temperature of particles, electrodes started to exhibit larger globular pores and consequently reduced catalytic performance and higher Tafel slop of 36 mV dec−1in 30 wt.% KOH. Despite slightly lower electrochemical performance, the electrodes produced with highest plasma gas flow and energy showed most inter-particle bonded structure as well as highest stability with no measurable degradation over 47 days in operation as HER electrode in 30 wt.% KOH. The Raney-type Ni–Mo electrode fabricated at highest plasma gas flow rate and input plasma power has been tested as HER electrode in alkaline water electrolyzer, which delivered high current densities of 0.72 and 2 A cm−2at 1.8 and 2.2 V, respectively, representing a novel prime example of HER electrode, which can synergistically catalyze the HER in alkaline electrolyzer. This study shows that sluggish alkaline HER can be circumvented by rational electrode composition and interface engineering.
Enhanced thermoelectric properties in anthracene molecular device with graphene electrodes: the role of phononic thermal conductance
Authors: Ramezani Akbarabadi Saeideh , Rahimpour Soleimani Hamid , Golsanamlou Zahra , Bagheri Tagani Maysam 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDensity functional theory (DFT) and the non-equilibrium Green’s function (NEGF) formalism in the linear response regime were employed to investigate the impact of doping on the electronic and phononic transport properties in an anthracene molecule attached to two metallic zigzag graphene nanoribbons (ZGNRs). Boron (B) and nitrogen (N) atoms were used for doping and co-doping (NB) of carbon atoms located at the edge of the anthracene molecule. Our results show that B doping enhances the electronic transport in comparison with the other dopants which is due to its ability to increase the binding energy of the system. The chemical doping of the anthracene molecule mainly impacts on the thermopower which results in a significantly enhanced electronic contribution of the figure of merit. On the contrary, considering the effect of phononic thermal conductance suppresses the figure of merit. However, by taking into account the effect of both electron and phonon contributions to the thermal conductance, we find that the thermoelectric efficiency can be improved by B doping. The potential role of the phononic thermal conductance in shaping the thermoelectric properties of molecular junctions has been ignored in numerous studies, however, our findings demonstrate its importance for a realistic and accurate estimation of the thermoelectric figure of merit.
Respiratory syncytial virus infection trend is associated with meteorological factors
Authors: Thongpan Ilada , Vongpunsawad Sompong , Poovorawan Yong 
Published: July 2020

AbstractRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infects young children and causes influenza-like illness. RSV circulation and prevalence differ among countries and climates. To better understand whether climate factors influence the seasonality of RSV in Thailand, we examined RSV data from children ≤ 5 years-old who presented with respiratory symptoms from January 2012–December 2018. From a total of 8,209 nasopharyngeal samples, 13.2% (1,082/8,209) was RSV-positive, of which 37.5% (406/1,082) were RSV-A and 36.4% (394/1,082) were RSV-B. The annual unimodal RSV activity from July–November overlaps with the rainy season. Association between meteorological data including monthly average temperature, relative humidity, rainfall, and wind speed for central Thailand and the incidence of RSV over 7-years was analyzed using Spearman’s rank and partial correlation. Multivariate time-series analysis with an autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model showed that RSV activity correlated positively with rainfall (r = 0.41) and relative humidity (r = 0.25), but negatively with mean temperature (r = − 0.27). The best-fitting ARIMA (1,0,0)(2,1,0)12 model suggests that peak RSV activity lags the hottest month of the year by 4 months. Our results enable possible prediction of RSV activity based on the climate and could help to anticipate the yearly upsurge of RSV in this region.
RNA-sequencing and bioinformatics analysis of long noncoding RNAs and mRNAs in the asthenozoospermia
Authors: Lu Hui , Xu Dongchuan , Wang Ping , Sun Wenye , Xue Xinhuai , Hu Yuxin , Xie Chunli , Ma Yanlin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAsthenozoospermia is one of the major causes of human male infertility. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play critical roles in the spermatogenesis processes. The present study aims to investigate the intricate regulatory network associated with asthenozoospermia. The lncRNAs expression profile was analyzed in the asthenozoospermia seminal plasma exosomes by RNA-sequencing, and the functions of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were analyzed by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway and DO (Disease Ontology) enrichment analyses. Pearson’s correlation test was utilized to calculate the correlation coefficients between lncRNA and mRNAs. Moreover, the lncRNA–miRNA–mRNA co-expression network was constructed with bioinformatics. From the co-expression analyses, we identified the cis regulated correlation pairs lncRNA–mRNA. To confirm sequencing results with five of the identified DElncRNAs were verified with quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). We identified 4228 significantly DEGs, 995 known DElncRNAs, 2338 DEmRNAs and 11,706 novel DElncRNAs between asthenozoospermia and normal group. GO and KEGG analyses showed that the DEGs were mainly associated with metabolism, transcription, ribosome and channel activity. We found 254,981 positive correlations lncRNA–mRNA pairs through correlation analysis. The detailed lncRNA–miRNA–mRNA regulatory network included 11 lncRNAs, 35 miRNAs and 59 mRNAs. From the co-expression analyses, we identified 7 cis-regulated correlation pairs lncRNA–mRNA. Additionally, the qRT-PCR analysis confirmed our sequencing results. Our study constructed the lncRNA–mRNA–miRNA regulation networks in asthenozoospermia. Therefore, the study findings provide a set of pivotal lncRNAs for future investigation into the molecular mechanisms of asthenozoospermia.
Suppression of sphingosine 1-phosphate lyase retards the liver regeneration in mice after partial hepatectomy
Authors: Kageyama Yuko , Uranbileg Baasanjav , Kusumoto Yoshika , Sakai Eri , Ikeda Hitoshi , Kurano Makoto , Yatomi Yutaka 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Liver regeneration is an extremely complicated process that is regulated by a number of signaling pathways. Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), a potent bioactive lipid mediator playing crucial roles in various cellular responses through its receptors, has been attracting attention in the fields of hepatology, where S1P lyase (SPL), an irreversibly degrading enzyme of S1P, reportedly has a stimulatory role in growth of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
Aim of the study: To examine whether SPL might play a stimulatory role in liver regeneration.
Method: Using in-vivo siRNA technology, we inhibited SPL expression. Seventy percent of the liver was resected in mice as partial hepatectomy (PH). Liver tissue samples were collected and mRNA expression level of the SPL, IHC of the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), protein levels of various proliferation factors and lipid measurements were performed in different groups.
Results: The mRNA levels of SPL increased in PH mice on the third day after PH surgery. When we suppressed the expression of SPL by in-vivo siRNA, we observed a significant decline of the PCNA positive cell numbers. Furthermore, the Cyclin D1 expressions and phosphorylation of ERK also were decreased in the siSPL injected PH group.
Conclusion: We verified the importance of the SPL in liver regeneration, using the mice PH model. SPL might be a potential target to facilitate liver regeneration.
TESS asteroseismology of the known planet host star λ2 Fornacis
Authors: Nielsen M. B. , Ball W. H. , Standing M. R. , Triaud A. H. M. J. , Buzasi D. , Carboneau L. , Stassun K. G. , Kane S. R. , Chaplin W. J. , Bellinger E. P. , Mosser B. , Roxburgh I. W. , Çelik Orhan Z. , Yıldız M. , Örtel S. , Vrard M. , Mazumdar A. , Ranadive P. , Deal M. , Davies G. R. , Campante T. L. , García R. A. , Mathur S. , González-Cuesta L. , Serenelli A. 
Published: July 2020

Context. The Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) is observing bright known planet-host stars across almost the entire sky. These stars have been subject to extensive ground-based observations, providing a large number of radial velocity measurements.
Aims. The objective of this work is to use the new TESS photometric observations to characterize the star λ2 Fornacis, and following this to update the parameters of the orbiting planet λ2 For b.
Methods. We measured the frequencies of the p-mode oscillations in λ2 For, and in combination with non-seismic parameters estimated the stellar fundamental properties using stellar models. Using the revised stellar properties and a time series of archival radial velocities from the UCLES, HIRES and HARPS instruments spanning almost 20 years, we refit the orbit of λ2 For b and searched the residual radial velocities for remaining variability.
Results. We find that λ2 For has a mass of 1.16 ± 0.03 M⊙ and a radius of 1.63 ± 0.04 R⊙, with an age of 6.3 ± 0.9 Gyr. This and the updated radial velocity measurements suggest a mass of λ2 For b of 16.8−1.3+1.2 M⊕, which is ∼5M⊕ less than literature estimates. We also detect an additional periodicity at 33 days in the radial velocity measurements, which is likely due to the rotation of the host star.
Conclusions. While previous literature estimates of the properties of λ2 For are ambiguous, the asteroseismic measurements place the star firmly at the early stage of its subgiant evolutionary phase. Typically only short time series of photometric data are available from TESS, but by using asteroseismology it is still possible to provide tight constraints on the properties of bright stars that until now have only been observed from the ground. This prompts a reexamination of archival radial velocity data that have been accumulated in the past few decades in order to update the characteristics of the planet hosting systems observed by TESS for which asteroseismology is possible.
Mieux comprendre l’incertitude en médecine pour former les médecins
Authors: Motte Baptiste , Aiguier Grégory , Van Pee Dominique , Cobbaut Jean Philippe 
Published: July 2020

Contexte :  Mal gérée ou mal tolérée, l’incertitude en médecine a des conséquences néfastes pour le patient et/ou le praticien. Dans la littérature, il n’existe pas de modèle explicatif global des différentes dimensions de l’incertitude à laquelle nous sommes confrontés dans le soin, sur lequel fonder une démarche pédagogique. But : L’objet de notre travail est d’élaborer un modèle pour penser l’incertitude en tant qu’objet d’apprentissage en médecine générale. Méthode : Nous effectuons une revue de la littérature des différentes définitions de l’incertitude dans la base de données PubMed, en présentons une synthèse chronologique et sélectionnons une taxonomie qui catégorise les multiples variétés de l’incertitude médicale. Nous confrontons ensuite cette taxonomie aux résultats d’une étude sociologique réalisée par Bloy qui décrit les différentes attitudes des médecins généralistes face à l’incertitude. À l’aide de cartes conceptuelles itératives, nous construisons un modèle explicatif de la gestion de l’incertitude médicale et en explorons les concepts clés. Résultats : Il ressort de notre analyse que la nature même de la médecine en tant que pratique soignante génère des incertitudes complexes. Gérer ces incertitudes requiert une meilleure compréhension du rapport des soignants aux savoirs et à leurs mises en œuvre dans la pratique. Former à la gestion de l’incertitude devrait favoriser l’exploration et l’enrichissement des épistémologies personnelles et pratiques. Conclusion : Nous discutons l’impact des concepts clés de notre modèle sur la pédagogie médicale et argumentons la pertinence de l’approche pragmatiste dans cette perspective. Nous proposons des pistes pour sa mise en œuvre.
Hepatolienale Candidose als seltene Differenzialdiagnose disseminierter kleinherdiger Parenchymveränderungen
Authors: Kloth Christopher , Breining T. , Wowra T. , Hönig M. , Beck A. , Beer M. , Schmidt S. A. 
Published: July 2020

Zusammenfassung
Anamnese und klinischer Befund Wir berichten über einen 17-jährigen Patienten mit dem Sekundärmalignom einer akuten myeloischen Leukämie (AML). Dieser entwickelte während der hämatopoetischen Stammzelltransplantation ein persistierendes Fieber unklarer Genese.
Untersuchungen In der stufenweise erfolgten Fokussuche zeigten sich in der routinemäßig durchgeführten Sonografie des Abdomens disseminierte echoarme, kleinherdige Parenchymläsionen der Leber. In der ergänzenden MRT zeigten sich nach Kontrastmittelgabe disseminierte kleinherdige Aussparungen des Leberparenchyms und der Milz.
Diagnose Bildgebend ergab sich der Verdacht einer hepatolienalen Candidiasis.
Therapie und Verlauf Unter einer empirischen Therapie mit Amphotericin B erfolgte die gezielte sonografische Stanzbiopsie der Leber. Hierbei ergaben sich in der pathologischen Aufarbeitung rundlich-ovale Partikel in der PAS-Färbung im Sinne einer opportunistischen Mykose vom Typ einer Candida-Infektion.
Folgerung Der Fall zeigt, dass bei immunsupprimierten Patienten stets die Candidose als Differenzialdiagnose bei gleichzeitigen Parenchymveränderungen von Leber und/oder Milz zu berücksichtigen ist. Ferner sollte in der Screening-Situation bei der Fragestellung nach Pilzläsionen in Leber und Milz zwingend zusätzlich ein geeigneter Linearschallkopf angewandt werden. Alternativ ist bei der Verdachtsdiagnose zügig eine kontrastangehobene MRT des Abdomens als bildgebende Modalität durchzuführen.
Akzeptanz von Versorgungsangeboten zur ausschließlichen
Fernbehandlung am Beispiel des telemedizinischen Modellprojekts
„docdirekt“: ein Mixed-Methods Design
Authors: von Solodkoff Michail , Strumann Christoph , Steinhäuser Jost 
Published: July 2020

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Aktuelle telemedizinische Angebote, wie das in
Baden-Württemberg (BW) laufende Modellprojekt
„docdirekt“, beinhalten eine Begleitevaluation, die die
Implementierung der Anwendung optimieren soll. Anhand der Ergebnisse dieser
Evaluation lassen sich Strategien zur Anpassung des Angebots der
ausschließlichen Fernbehandlung identifizieren, um dieses langfristig in
die Regelversorgung zu integrieren.
Methodik Im ersten Teil der Studie wurden Probanden aus BW in
Einzelinterviews zu Erwartungen, fördernden Faktoren und Barrieren bei
der Nutzung von Versorgungsangeboten zur ausschließlichen Fernbehandlung
befragt. Die mit der qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse nach Mayring explorierten
Determinanten wurden dann im zweiten Teil mittels einer quantitativen Befragung
von zufällig ausgewählten Bürgern aus BW
priorisiert.
Ergebnisse 27 Probanden (MW: 51 Jahre, min: 23 Jahre, max: 86 Jahre)
nahmen an den Interviews teil. Sie empfanden v. a. die schnelle
Erreichbarkeit von medizinischem Fachpersonal als großen Vorteil. Als
förderlich wurde u. a. eine „24/7“ Hotline
benannt sowie die Möglichkeit elektronische Rezepte oder
Arbeitsunfähigkeitsbescheinigungen ausgestellt zu bekommen. Als
Barrieren wurden u. a. der Datenschutz und eine fehlende
körperliche Untersuchung wahrgenommen. Bei der Fragebogenerhebung wurde
von den Teilnehmern (n=217, Rücklauf 10,9%, MW: 53
Jahre, min: 19 Jahre, max: 88 Jahre) der „schnelle ärztliche
Kontakt“ bei einer Behandlung per Videotelefonie, gefolgt von der
„Möglichkeit einen Spezialisten (Facharzt) vermittelt“
zu bekommen und „einen ersten Therapievorschlag“ zu erhalten als
am wichtigsten bewertet. Insgesamt schlossen n=71 (34,6%) die
Nutzung eines solchen Angebots für sich aus. Die Nutzungsbereitschaft
sinkt mit zunehmendem Alter und abnehmender digitaler Affinität.
Schlussfolgerung Die Studie zeigt, dass Interesse an der Nutzung von
Versorgungsangeboten zur ausschließlichen Fernbehandlung besteht.
Personen mit Nutzungsabsicht priorisieren dabei die schnelle medizinische
Ersteinschätzung sowie die Komfort-Aspekte und betrachten u. a. die
Einbindung weiterer Dienstleistungen als förderlich. Es gilt im
nächsten Schritt die erhobenen Determinanten in das Angebot
einfließen zu lassen.
Differentiation Between Anteroposterior and Posteroanterior Chest X-Ray View Position With Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Hosch René , Kroll Lennard , Nensa Felix , Koitka Sven 
Published: July 2020

Purpose Detection and validation of the chest X-ray view position with use of convolutional neural networks to improve meta-information for data cleaning within a hospital data infrastructure.
Material and Methods Within this paper we developed a convolutional neural network which automatically detects the anteroposterior and posteroanterior view position of a chest radiograph. We trained two different network architectures (VGG variant and ResNet-34) with data published by the RSNA (26 684 radiographs, class distribution 46 % AP, 54 % PA) and validated these on a self-compiled dataset with data from the University Hospital Essen (4507, radiographs, class distribution 55 % PA, 45 % AP) labeled by a human reader. For visualization and better understanding of the network predictions, a Grad-CAM was generated for each network decision. The network results were evaluated based on the accuracy, the area under the curve (AUC), and the F1-score against the human reader labels. Also a final performance comparison between model predictions and DICOM labels was performed.
Results The ensemble models reached accuracy and F1-scores greater than 95 %. The AUC reaches more than 0.99 for the ensemble models. The Grad-CAMs provide insight as to which anatomical structures contributed to a decision by the networks which are comparable with the ones a radiologist would use. Furthermore, the trained models were able to generalize over mislabeled examples, which was found by comparing the human reader labels to the predicted labels as well as the DICOM labels.
Conclusion The results show that certain incorrectly entered meta-information of radiological images can be effectively corrected by deep learning in order to increase data quality in clinical application as well as in research.
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