bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bioinspired All‐Polyester Diblock Copolymers Made from Poly(pentadecalactone) and Poly(3‐hydroxycinnamate): Synthesis and Polymer Film Properties
Authors: Saar Julia S. , Shi Yue , Lienkamp Karen 
Published: May 2020

AbstractA bioinspired diblock copolymer is synthesized from pentadecalactone and 3‐hydroxy cinnamic acid. Poly(pentadecalactone) (PPDL) with a molar mass of up to 43 000 g mol−1 is obtained by ring‐opening polymerization initiated by propargyl alcohol. Poly(3‐hydroxycinnamate) (P3HCA) is obtained by polycondensation and end‐functionalized with 3‐azido propanol. The two functionalized homopolymers are connected via 1,3‐dipolar Huisgen addition to yield the block copolymer PPDL‐triazole‐P3HCA. The structure of the block copolymer is confirmed by proton NMR, FTIR spectroscopy and GPC. By analyzing the morphology of polymer films made from the homopolymers, from a 1:1 homopolymer blend, and from the PPDL‐triazole‐P3HCA block copolymer, clearly distinct micro‐ and nanostructures are revealed. Quantitative nanomechanical measurements reveal that the block copolymer PPDL‐triazole‐P3HCA has a DMT modulus of 22.3 ± 2.7 MPa, which is lower than that of the PPDL homopolymer (801 ± 42 MPa), yet significantly higher than that of the P3HCA homopolymer (1.77 ± 0.63 MPa). Thermal analytics show that the melting point of PPDL‐triazole‐P3HCA is similar to PPDL (89–90 °C), while it has a glass transition temperature similar to P3HCA (123–124 °C). Thus, the semicrystalline, potentially degradable all‐polyester block copolymer PPDL‐triazole‐P3HCA combines the thermal properties of either homopolymer, and has an intermediate elastic modulus.
Sharp multi‐weighted bounds for multilinear fractional rough operators and Cohen–Gosselin type commutators
Authors: Tao Xiangxing , Yu Xiao 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn the article, we consider the multilinear fraction maximal operators and the multilinear fraction integrals with rough kernels, we introduce a new class for ‐weights tuple , and prove the optimal constant estimates of the sharp multi‐weighted bounds for both operators. We also show the sharp multi‐weighted bounds for the Cohen–Gosselin type multi‐commutator of the both operators.
A high isolation dual‐polarized microstrip patch antenna based on backed substrate integrated cavity and pins‐loaded cross slot
Authors: Wang Jing , Wang Wei , Liu Aimeng , Guo Meng , Wei Zhenyu 
Published: May 2020

AbstractA X‐band aperture‐coupled patch antenna based on backed substrate integrated cavity (SIC) and pins‐loaded cross slot with dual linear polarization and high isolation is investigated. Loaded pins are applied to cross aperture to reduce the mutual coupling between the slots. SIC is used to reduce the coupling caused by parallel plate mode. Moreover, one‐cross‐point structure of feed networks is used to further improve the isolation. A prototype of the dual‐polarized antenna is fabricated and measured. The measured results show that the dual‐polarized antenna exhibits impedance bandwidths better than 30% (voltage standing wave ratio ≤2), cross polarizations better than −27 dB. And the isolation between the two ports is above 51 dB. To the best knowledge of the authors, this is the highest isolation yet achieved for a patch antenna with wide bandwidth.
Probabilistic analysis of three‐dimensional tunnel face stability in soft rock masses using Hoek–Brown failure criterion
Authors: Zhang Jiahua , Zhang Lianyang , Wang Weijun , Zhang Daobing , Zhang Biao 
Published: May 2020

SummaryThis paper investigates tunnel face stability in soft rock masses via coupled limit and reliability analyses. Specifically, a 3D face collapse mechanism was first constructed. Then the Hoek–Brown failure criterion was introduced into the limit analysis via the tangential technique. Taking the variability of rock mass parameters and loads into consideration, a reliability model was established. The collapse pressure and failure range of tunnel faces were determined. In addition, the required factor of safety (FS) and supporting pressure under three safety levels were obtained, and the corresponding safety level graphs for support design were presented. Comparison of the obtained results with previous work demonstrates the rationality of the 3D collapse mechanism and the validity of the results. A decrease in the geological strength index, Hoek–Brown parameter mi, and uniaxial compressive strength or an increase in the disturbance factor results in a nonlinear increase of the collapse pressure and an enlargement of the failure zone. Such changes also lead to a nonlinear increase of the required support pressure under a certain safety level. By contrast, the FS does not exhibit any obvious change when these parameters vary. Therefore, when a rock mass is of poor quality or heavily disturbed, the advance support should be enlarged from upper front to right above the tunnel face. Moreover, as the safety level increases, both the required FS and supporting pressure of the tunnel face increase nonlinearly at a higher rate.
Fracture closure modes during flowback from hydraulic fractures
Authors: Dahi Taleghani Arash , Cai Yuzhe , Pouya Amade 
Published: May 2020

SummaryFlowback analysis recently has been considered as a potential tool for assessing induced fractures through corresponding pressure analyses and rate transient analysis. In this paper, we study fracture closure mechanisms during the flowback of fracturing fluid after hydraulic fracturing treatments. Although it is known that flowback can be significantly affected by the geometry of the fractures and closure stress, there has not been any effort to understand the problem from the geomechanical point of view; rather, available studies assume that a fracture closes uniformly with constant fracture compressibility. The coupled geomechanics and fluid flow model presented in this paper help to elucidate how geostresses may affect fracturing fluid recovery under different conditions. We perform a scaling analysis to formulate the occurrence of different fracture closure modes and then use numerical analyses to verify our scaling parameters. The factors governing the flowback process include the mechanical and petrophysical properties of the rock as well as preexisting discontinuities such as natural fractures. Three different closure modes for fracture networks are described and numerically verified. The occurrence of each mode can dramatically affect fracturing fluid recovery. The role of fluid leakoff into the formation, fractures conductivity, and drawdown strategy are examined for each fracture closure scenario.
A Secondary Data Analysis Examining Young Adults’ Performance in an Internet Weight Loss Program with Financial Incentives
Authors: LaRose Jessica Gokee , Leahey Tricia M. , Lanoye Autumn , Reading Jean , Wing Rena R. 
Published: May 2020

ObjectiveIn traditional behavioral weight loss (BWL) programs, young adults fare worse than older adults with respect to engagement, retention, and weight loss, but money and use of technology have been cited as program factors that might improve outcomes for this population. This study evaluated young adult performance in internet‐based BWL (IBWL) offering financial incentives for self‐monitoring and weight loss.MethodsParticipants (N = 180; BMI = 33.2 ± 6.0 kg/m2) were randomly assigned to a 12‐week IBWL or IBWL + incentives (IBWL + $) group. This secondary data analysis compared young adults (ages 18‐35) in IBWL (n = 16) with young adults in IBWL + $ (n = 12) on percent weight loss, engagement, and retention. Young adults (n = 28) were also compared with older adults (ages 36‐70; n = 152) on these outcomes.ResultsYoung adult weight loss was −2.8% ± 5.2% in IBWL and −5.4% ± 5.7% in IBWL + $ (P = 0.23, partial η2 = 0.06). A greater proportion of young adults in IBWL + $ achieved a 10% weight loss compared with IBWL (42% vs. 6%, P = 0.02). Compared with older adults, young adults were less engaged, but there were no differences for retention or weight loss (P values > 0.05).ConclusionsFindings suggest that technology‐based BWL has the potential to eliminate weight loss disparities observed between young adults and older adults in in‐person BWL trials. Moreover, adding financial incentives holds promise for promoting clinically meaningful weight loss for young adults.
Effectiveness of a parent‐targeted video on neonatal pain management: Nonrandomized pragmatic trial
Authors: Korki de Candido Ligyana , Harrison Denise , Ramallo Veríssimo Maria de La Ó , Bueno Mariana 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe “Be sweet to babies” video is a knowledge translation tool targeted at parents on the use of analgesic strategies during painful procedures performed in neonates. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the Portuguese version of this video on maternal involvement in neonatal pain management during the newborn screening blood test. Nonrandomized, pragmatic clinical trial. The study was conducted in a rooming‐in unit. All mothers received a pamphlet regarding neonatal pain management and were invited to participate in daily education sessions conducted by nurses, which included the video. The intervention group included mothers who voluntarily watched the video, while the control group was comprised of mothers who did not attend the education sessions or left the session before watching the video. Data were collected by interviews conducted by the research team. Descriptive and inferential analysis considered a confidence interval of 95%. A total of 73 mothers were included in the study. Analgesic strategies were used in 14 (40%) of the procedures in the intervention group and 9 (24%) in the control group, a clinically important difference of 16% points between groups, although no statistically significant difference was found (P = .13). Breastfeeding was the most commonly used strategy. Watching the video increased the chance of implementing analgesic strategies by 2.1 times (P = .19), while nurses suggesting the use of analgesia increased this chance by 5.5 times (P = .006). Although no statistical significance was found, the results suggest the clinical significance and feasibility of the “Be sweet to babies” video as a KT tool targeted at parents on neonatal pain management during nonurgent painful procedures. In addition, maternal involvement in pain care significantly increased when pain relief strategies were recommended by nurses, which suggests that nurses have a key role in facilitating parental participation.
Nano‐in‐Micro Sildenafil Dry Powder Formulations for the Treatment of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Disorders: The Synergic Effect of POxylated Polyurea Dendrimers, PLGA, and Cholesterol
Authors: Restani Rita B. , Pires Rita F. , Baptista Pedro V. , Fernandes Alexandra R. , Casimiro Teresa , Bonifácio Vasco D. B. , Aguiar‐Ricardo Ana 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPOXylated polyurea dendrimer nanoparticles (PUREG4OOx48) are loaded with sildenafil (SDF) by a supercritical carbon dioxide–assisted (scCO2) impregnation. Further supercritical CO2‐assisted spray drying (SASD) leads to hybrid nano‐in‐micro dry powder formulations that are investigated aiming at efficient pulmonary delivery of SDF in pulmonary arterial hypertension treatment. This is the first report of the production of poly(D,L‐lactide‐co‐glycolide)‐cholesterol (PLGA‐Chol) microparticles processed by SASD. The optimized formulation of nano‐in‐microparticles is composed of PLGA, Chol, and PUREG4OOx48, loaded with SDF solutions in a 77:23 ratio (PLGA‐Chol:dendrimer, w/w). The dry powders are fully characterized and found to be highly biodegradable and biocompatible, and the SDF release profile evaluates under different pH values. The median mass average diameter (MMAD) of the nano‐in‐micro systems varies between 2.57 and 5 µm and the fine particle fraction (FPF) between 36% and 29% for PUREG4OMeOx48[PLGA‐Chol] and PUREG4OEtOx48[PLGA‐Chol], respectively. The data validate the potential use of these new formulations in inhalation therapy. In vitro studies are also carried out in order to evaluate the effect of the free drug in cell viability and formulations cytotoxicity.
Preparation and Characterization of Aluminum‐Lithium Alloy Powder Coated by In‐situ Polymerization of Styrene
Authors: Cao Zhengyu , Hu Aobo , Xia Bin , Pang Ai‐min , Cai Shuizhou 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAluminum‐lithium alloy powder has broad application prospects in the field of energetic materials due to its good thermal performance. However, the high reactivity of lithium and the incompactness of the surface oxide layer result in the continuous oxidation of the active metal during storage, thereby deteriorating the thermal performance of the powder. In this paper, a layer of polystyrene (PS) was successfully coated on the surface of Al‐10Li (10 wt.%) alloy powder by in‐situ polymerization of styrene (St). According to an orthogonal test, the optimum coating conditions for protection factor were as follows: m(St)/m(Al‐10Li) was 1 : 1; m(AIBN)/m(St) was 5 %; the reaction temperature was 75 °C; the reaction time was 4 h. The structure, surface morphology and thermal properties were characterized by XPS, FTIR, SEM and TG‐DTA. Furthermore, the aging stability of powders were studied by TG‐DTA. The results showed that the decay rate of the weight increase of the active metal of Al‐10Li alloy powder decreased significantly after coating, which demonstrated that the polystyrene coating effectively protected the active metal of Al‐10Li alloy powder, prevented pre‐oxidation of Al‐10Li alloy powder in air and improved its storage stability.
Calculation of core‐level electron spectra of ionic liquids
Authors: Lembinen Meeri , Nõmmiste Ergo , Ers Heigo , Docampo‐Álvarez Borja , Kruusma Jaanus , Lust Enn , Ivaništšev Vladislav B. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractOn the example of 40 ion pairs (5 cations times 8 anions), this study demonstrates how the core‐level binding energy values can be calculated and used to plot theoretical spectra at low computational cost using density functional theory methods. Three approaches for obtaining the binding energy values are based on delta Kohn–Sham (ΔKS) calculations, 1s KS orbital energies, and atomic charges. The ΔKS results show reasonable agreement with the available experimental X‐ray photoelectron data. The 1s KS orbital energies correlate well with the ΔKS results. Atomic charge correlation with ΔKS is improved by accounting for the charges of neighboring atoms. Assignment of binding energies to atoms and the applicability of the mentioned methods to model systems of ionic liquids are discussed.
Autoimmune pulmonary alveolar proteinosis prior to myelodysplastic syndrome
Authors: Foo Chuan Tai , Chhor Louis , Thien Francis 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWe report the first case of autoimmune pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) associated with and preceding myelodysplastic syndrome. A 74‐year‐old female with a history of polymyalgia rheumatica presented with six months history of progressive exertional breathlessness. Examination revealed bilateral chest crackles and exertional desaturation. A diagnosis of autoimmune PAP was made based on the presence of autoantibodies to granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor and characteristic findings on chest computed tomography, bronchoalveolar lavage, and transbronchial biopsies. Bilateral whole lung lavage was performed with prompt improvement in symptoms. Fourteen months later, she presented with new breathlessness and was diagnosed with myelodysplasia on bone marrow biopsy. No recurrence of alveolar proteinosis was detected. This case highlights the importance of follow‐up and screening of patients with autoimmune PAP for haematological conditions.
Parameterized bilinear matrix inequality techniques for gain‐scheduling proportional integral derivative control design
Authors: Shi Ye , Tuan Hoang Duong , Apkarian Pierre 
Published: May 2020

SummaryProportional‐integral‐derivative (PID) structured controller is the most popular class of industrial control but still could not be appropriately exploited in gain‐scheduling control systems. To gain the practicability and tractability of gain‐scheduling control systems, this paper addresses thegain‐scheduling PID control. The design of such a controller is based on parameterized bilinear matrix inequalities, which are then solved via a bilinear matrix inequality optimization problem of nonconvex optimization. Several computational procedures are developed for its computation. The merit of the developed algorithms is shown through the benchmark examples.
On the adaptive control of robot manipulators with velocity observers
Authors: Arteaga–Pérez Marco A. , Ortiz–Espinoza Alethia , Romero José G. , Espinosa–Pérez Gerardo 
Published: May 2020

SummaryTo achieve accurate tracking control of robot manipulators many schemes have been proposed. A common approach is based on adaptive control techniques, which guarantee trajectory tracking under the assumption that the robot model structure is perfectly known and linear in the unknown parameters, while joint velocities are available. Despite tracking errors tend to zero, parameter errors do not unless some persistent excitation condition is fulfilled. There are few works dealing with velocity observation in conjunction with adaptive laws. In this note, an adaptive control/observer scheme is proposed for tracking position of robot manipulators. It is shown that tracking and observation errors are ultimately bounded, with the characteristic that when a persistent excitation condition is matched then they, as well as the parameter errors, tend to zero. Simulation results are in good agreement with the developed theory.
Characterizing the pore size distribution of a chloride silt soil during freeze–thaw processes via nuclear magnetic resonance relaxometry
Authors: Liu Jianpeng , Yang Ping , Li Lin , Zhang Ting 
Published: May 2020

AbstractSoil pore size distribution (PSD) is typically used to predict the soil freezing characteristic curve and estimate the hydrological and mechanical properties during freeze–thaw cycles. However, direct measurements of frozen soil PSD remain a great challenge. This study proposed a method to determine the PSD of frozen soils based on nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxometry. Tests were performed on a saturated chloride silt soil at different salt contents (0.3, 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0%) and temperatures (between –30 and 0 °C) during a freeze–thaw cycle. The NMR‐detected PSD (only accounting for pores occupied by unfrozen water) varied with soil temperature, salt content, and freeze–thaw cycle. The sequence of the water–ice phase change and hysteresis were also identified in a freeze–thaw cycle. A regression analysis was performed on the cumulative NMR‐detected PSD via a variant van Genuchten model. The critical freezing pore radius and the thickness of unfrozen water film were computed and used to transform NMR‐detected PSD into the actual PSD of frozen soils on the basis of a pore radius transformation equation established in this paper. Notably, the actual PSD accounted for pores occupied by ice and unfrozen water. The actual PSD indicated that the water–ice phase change was more pronounced in macro‐ and mesopores, especially at lower temperatures and salt content. A comparison between the calculated average pore size and those presented in other studies showed that the proposed technique is a valuable alternative for the prediction of actual frozen soil PSD.
Self‐Phosphorization of MOF‐Armored Microbes for Advanced Energy Storage
Authors: Hu Jiapeng , Yuan Xietao , Wang Chonglong , Shao Xixi , Yang Baiyu , Abdul Razzaq Amir , Zhao Xiaohui , Lian Yuebin , Deng Zhao , Chen Muzi , Peng Yang 
Published: May 2020

AbstractUtilization of microbes as the carbon source and structural template to fabricate porous carbon has incentivized great interests owing to their diverse micromorphology and intricate intracellular structure, apart from the obvious benefit of “turning waste into wealth.” Challenges remain to preserve the biological structure through the harsh and laborious post‐synthetic treatments, and tailor the functionality as desired. Herein, Escherichia coli is directly coated with metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) through in situ assembly to fabricate N, P co‐doped porous carbon capsules expressing self‐phosphorized metal phosphides. While the MOF coating serves as an armoring layer for facilitating the morphology inheritance from the bio‐templates and provides metal sources for generating extra porosity and electrochemically active sites, the P‐rich phospholipids and N‐rich proteins from the plasma membrane enable carbon matrix doping and further yield metal phosphides. These unique structural and compositional features endow the carbon capsules with great capabilities in suppressing polysulfide shuttling and catalyzing reversible oxygen conversion, ultimately leading to the superb performance of lithium–sulfur batteries and zinc–air batteries. Combining the bio‐templating strategy with hierarchical MOF assembly, this work opens a new avenue for the fabrication of highly porous and functional carbon for advanced energy applications.
Thermoplasmonic‐Triggered Release of Loads from DNA‐Modified Hydrogel Microcapsules Functionalized with Au Nanoparticles or Au Nanorods
Authors: Wang Chen , Vázquez‐González Margarita , Fadeev Michael , Sohn Yang Sung , Nechushtai Rachel , Willner Itamar 
Published: May 2020

AbstractMicrocapsules consisting of hydrogel shells cross‐linked by glucosamine–boronate ester complexes and duplex nucleic acids, loaded with dyes or drugs and functionalized with Au nanoparticles (Au NPs) or Au nanorods (Au NRs), are developed. Irradiation of Au NPs or Au NRs results in the thermoplasmonic heating of the microcapsules, and the dissociation of the nucleic acid cross‐linkers. The separation of duplex nucleic acid cross‐linkers leads to low‐stiffness hydrogel shells, allowing the release of loads. Switching off the light‐induced plasmonic heating results in the regeneration of stiff hydrogel shells protecting the microcapsules, leading to the blockage of release processes. The thermoplasmonic release of tetramethylrhodamine‐dextran, Texas Red‐dextran, doxorubicin‐dextran (DOX‐D), or camptothecin‐carboxymethylcellulose (CPT‐CMC) from the microcapsules is introduced. By loading the microcapsules with two different drugs (DOX‐D and CPT‐CMC), the light‐controlled dose release is demonstrated. Cellular experiments show efficient permeation of Au NPs/DOX‐D or Au NRs/DOX‐D microcapsules into MDA‐MB‐231 cancer cells and inefficient uptake by MCF‐10A epithelial breast cells. Cytotoxicity experiments reveal selective thermoplasmon‐induced cytotoxicity of the microcapsules toward MDA‐MB‐231 cancer cells as compared to MCF‐10A cells. Also, selective cytotoxicity towards MDA‐MB‐231 cancer cells upon irradiation of the Au NPs‐ and Au NRs‐functionalized microcapsules at λ = 532 or 910 nm is demonstrated.