bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Leigh Syndrome—TUFM Gene Mutation as a New Probable Genetic Marker: A Case Report
Authors: Jain Nikhil , Bhargava Harshit , Dwivedi Deepak 
Published: December 2020

AbstractLeigh's syndrome is a rare neurodegenerative disorder which is of autosomal recessive or mitochondrial inheritance. Global incidence is 1 in 40,000 although very few cases have been reported from India. Respiratory failure is the main cause of death in these children. An 8-year-old female presented to pediatric intensive care unit with chief complaints of seizure (generalized tonic-clonic seizure type), generalized weakness, and swelling, which on MRI and genetic study was diagnosed as Leigh syndrome or Leigh like syndrome. Genetic study revealed a new TUFM gene mutation. Patient improved over the time, oxygen was weaned gradually, and nasogastric tube feeding started, and patient shifted to ward, and discharged on oral antiepileptic therapy. A genetic counseling, early diagnosis, better understanding of disease can result in good seizure control and improved quality of life of these patients. TUFM gene mutation must be considered as a new probable genetic marker.
PredictMed: A Machine Learning Model for Identifying Risk Factors of Neuromuscular Hip Dysplasia: A Multicenter Descriptive Study
Authors: Bertoncelli Carlo M. , Altamura Paola , Bertoncelli Domenico , Rampal Virginie , Vieira Edgar Ramos , Solla Federico 
Published: December 2020

AbstractNeuromuscular hip dysplasia (NHD) is a common and severe problem in patients with cerebral palsy (CP). Previous studies have so far identified only spasticity (SP) and high levels of Gross Motor Function Classification System as factors associated with NHD. The aim of this study is to develop a machine learning model to identify additional risk factors of NHD. This was a cross-sectional multicenter descriptive study of 102 teenagers with CP (60 males, 42 females; 60 inpatients, 42 outpatients; mean age 16.5 ± 1.2 years, range 12–18 years). Data on etiology, diagnosis, SP, epilepsy (E), clinical history, and functional assessments were collected between 2007 and 2017. Hip dysplasia was defined as femoral head lateral migration percentage > 33% on pelvic radiogram. A logistic regression-prediction model named PredictMed was developed to identify risk factors of NHD. Twenty-eight (27%) teenagers with CP had NHD, of which 18 (67%) had dislocated hips. Logistic regression model identified poor walking abilities (p < 0.001; odds ratio [OR] infinity; 95% confidence interval [CI] infinity), scoliosis (p = 0.01; OR 3.22; 95% CI 1.30–7.92), trunk muscles' tone disorder (p = 0.002; OR 4.81; 95% CI 1.75–13.25), SP (p = 0.006; OR 6.6; 95% CI 1.46–30.23), poor motor function (p = 0.02; OR 5.5; 95% CI 1.2–25.2), and E (p = 0.03; OR 2.6; standard error 0.44) as risk factors of NHD. The accuracy of the model was 77%. PredictMed identified trunk muscles' tone disorder, severe scoliosis, E, and SP as risk factors of NHD in teenagers with CP.
Pregnancy Outcomes Associated with Introduction of Early Diabetes Screening Guidelines
Authors: Weiss Rebecca E. , Badreldin Nevert , Drexler Kathleen , Niznik Charlotte , Yee Lynn M. 
Published: December 2020

Objective The study aimed to evaluate perinatal outcomes associated with introduction of and adherence to early diabetes screening guidelines.
Study Design Retrospective cohort study of all women who received prenatal care at a single, high-volume tertiary care center before (“preguidelines”) and after (“postguidelines”) American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology guidelines for early pregnancy diabetes screening for women at high risk for diabetes. Women with known pregestational diabetes, late entry to prenatal care, a fetus with a known anomaly, or multiple gestation were excluded. Multivariable linear and logistic regression models were constructed to compare maternal and neonatal outcomes between women in the preguidelines cohort to those in the postguidelines cohort. Similarly, adherence to screening guidelines was assessed, and among all women who were eligible for early diabetes screening, multivariable linear, and logistic models were created to compare outcomes between those women who were screened early to those who were not.
Results Of the 2,069 women eligible for analysis, 64.6% (n = 1,337) were in the postguideline cohort. Women in the postguideline cohort were older, less likely to have a history of smoking, and more likely to be non-Hispanic white. On multivariable analysis, women in the postguideline cohort had significantly less gestational weight gain (aβ = −2.3; 95% confidence interval [CI]: −3.4 to −1.1), but a higher odds of 5-minute Apgar's score of <7 (adjusted odds ratio: 2.51; 95% CI: 1.11–5.66). Of 461 women who met ACOG early diabetes screening criteria, 58.7% (n = 270) were screened appropriately. Adherence to screening was associated with parity, race, insurance, and BMI. On multivariable analysis, there were no significant differences in neonatal outcomes between women meeting early screening criteria who were screened early and those who were not.
Conclusion Introduction of early diabetes screening guidelines was associated with a significant decrease in gestational weight gain, but did not improve neonatal outcomes.
Key Points
Hidden proteome of synaptic vesicles in the mammalian brain
Authors: Taoufiq Zacharie , Ninov Momchil , Villar-Briones Alejandro , Wang Han-Ying , Sasaki Toshio , Roy Michael C. , Beauchain Francois , Mori Yasunori , Yoshida Tomofumi , Takamori Shigeo , Jahn Reinhard , Takahashi Tomoyuki 
Published: December 2020

Significance
Mammalian central synapses of diverse functions contribute to highly complex brain organization, but the molecular basis of synaptic diversity remains open. This is because current synapse proteomics are restricted to the “average” composition of abundant synaptic proteins. Here, we demonstrate a subcellular proteomic workflow that can identify and quantify the deep proteome of synaptic vesicles, including previously missing proteins present in a small percentage of central synapses. This synaptic vesicle proteome revealed many proteins of physiological and pathological relevance, particularly in the low-abundance range, thus providing a resource for future investigations on diversified synaptic functions and neuronal dysfunctions.
Enforcement may crowd out voluntary support for COVID-19 policies, especially where trust in government is weak and in a liberal society
Authors: Schmelz Katrin 
Published: December 2020

Significance
This paper makes three contributions. First, it provides insights from Germany on people’s agreement with policy choices that all countries face in addressing the COVID-19 pandemic. My findings point to dimensions relevant for policy makers when deciding between voluntary as opposed to enforced measures. These insights include the essential role of trust in government. Second, the paper contributes to the small but important literature on the intersection of policy design, state capacities, and the interplay of obedience and voluntary compliance. Third, my finding that even 30 y after reunification those who have experienced state coercion in East Germany are less control-averse concerning anti–COVID-19 measures than West Germans contributes to the literature on endogenous preferences and comparative cultural studies.
Gliricidia sepium (gliricidia).
Authors: Rojas-Sandoval Julissa 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

G. sepium is an adaptable, fast growing, precociously seeding tree, with the ability to disperse seeds up to 40 m from the parent tree from exploding pods. This species has been widely introduced across tropical and subtropical regions to be used for fuel wood, animal feed, green manure, shade, poles, living fences, erosion control, soil improver, and as a boundary and support plant. It has escaped from cultivation and has become a successful colonizer of disturbed sites, roadsides, abandoned agricultural land and areas near cultivation (Elevitch and Francis, 2006). This species is listed as invasive in Australia, Hawaii, the Philippines, Cook Islands, French Polynesia, Tonga, Singapore, Comoros, and Trinidad and Tobago (Vos, 2004; PIER, 2016; Trinidad and Tobago Biodiversity, 2016; Weeds of Australia, 2016). It is also regarded as a potential weed and as a moderate or potentially invasive species in many countries across Asia, Africa, and the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodríguez and Strong, 2012; ILDIS, 2016; PROTA, 2016; USDA-ARS, 2016).
Synthesis of superficially modified Ce1−x(Zr + Y)xO2−δ
solid solutions and thermogravimetric analysis of their performance in the catalytic soot combustion
Authors: Téllez-Salazar W N , Fabián-Anguiano J A , Ovalle-Encinia O , Zeifert B H , Ezeta-Mejía A , Romero-Ibarra I C , Ortiz-Landeros J 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In this work, solid solutions of general formula Ce1−x(Zr + Y)xO2−δ
were chemically synthesized through the so-called citrate-EDTA complexing method, wherein the doping cations Zr and Y were substituted in the ceria lattice with an equimolar amount of 0.05 ≤ x ≤ = 0.25. The ternary oxides were heat-treated, and those that showed the best textural properties were superficially impregnated with Fe2O3 particles by the thermal decomposition method using a metalorganic precursor. The X-ray diffraction results suggest that co-doping with Zr4+ and Y3+ promotes a slight distortion of the CeO2 cubic cell. Nevertheless, the fluorite cubic structure of the oxides remains stable after being exposed to heat treatments. Furthermore, using scanning electron microscopy and Raman techniques, the presence of deposited Fe2O3 and the formation of extrinsic vacancies in the materials could be corroborated. Finally, the oxides’ catalytic evaluation in the soot oxidation reaction was carried out using the thermogravimetry technique. The ternary oxide with cerium molar content equal to 0.9 and impregnated with Fe2O3 presented excellent catalytic behavior for soot oxidation. T10, T50, and T90 temperatures were 310, 383, and 416 °C, respectively.
Evaluation of an opioid risk mitigation initiative for veterans undergoing hip or knee arthroplasty at San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System
Authors: Rife Tessa , Tat Christina , Malakootian Mahsa 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPurposeGuidelines recommend evaluating the risk of opioid-related adverse events prior to initiating opioid therapy. The orthopedic service at San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System (SFVHCS) has not routinely used risk assessment tools such as the Stratification Tool for Opioid Risk Mitigation, prescription drug monitoring program data, and urine drug screening prior to opioid prescribing. A quality improvement project was conducted to evaluate the number of pharmacist-provided opioid risk mitigation recommendations implemented by orthopedic providers for patients who underwent total hip or knee arthroplasty at SFVHCS.SummaryA pharmacist-led workflow for completing risk mitigation reviews was developed in collaboration with orthopedic providers, and urine drug screening was added to the preoperative laboratory testing protocol. The following recommendations were communicated via electronic medical record: limit postoperative opioids to a 7- or 14-day supply based on risk of suicide and/or overdose, offer naloxone and a medication disposal bag, and order a urine drug screen if not already completed. Risk reviews were completed for 75 patients. Among 64 patients with 2-month postdischarge data available, 88% (7 of 8) of 7-day and 79% (44 of 56) of 14-day opioid supply recommendations were implemented; 41% (26 of 59) of recommendations to issue a medication disposal bag, 17% (2 of 12) recommendations to order a missing urine drug screen, and 9% (5 of 55) of recommendations to offer naloxone were implemented.ConclusionPharmacist-performed risk mitigation reviews paired with individualized recommendations led to high rates of orthopedic provider acceptance of limiting postdischarge opioid day supplies for patients who had total hip or knee arthroplasty. Alternative strategies may increase access to naloxone. Future research should examine the impact of risk mitigation tools in reducing prescribing of long-term opioid therapy and adverse events among orthopedic surgical patients.
Maternal environmental exposure to bisphenols and epigenome-wide DNA methylation in infant cord blood
Authors: McCabe Carolyn F , Padmanabhan Vasantha , Dolinoy Dana C , Domino Steven E , Jones Tamara R , Bakulski Kelly M , Goodrich Jaclyn M 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Maternal prenatal exposures, including bisphenol A (BPA), are associated with offspring’s risk of disease later in life. Alterations in DNA methylation may be a mechanism through which altered prenatal conditions (e.g. maternal exposure to environmental toxicants) elicit this disease risk. In the Michigan Mother and Infant Pairs Cohort, maternal first-trimester urinary BPA, bisphenol F, and bisphenol S concentrations were tested for association with DNA methylation patterns in infant umbilical cord blood leukocytes (N = 69). We used the Illumina Infinium MethylationEPIC BeadChip to quantitatively evaluate DNA methylation across the epigenome; 822 020 probes passed pre-processing and quality checks. Single-site DNA methylation and bisphenol models were adjusted for infant sex, estimated cell-type proportions (determined using cell-type estimation algorithm), and batch as covariates. Thirty-eight CpG sites [false discovery rate (FDR) &lt;0.05] were significantly associated with maternal BPA exposure. Increasing BPA concentrations were associated with lower DNA methylation at 87% of significant sites. BPA exposure associated DNA methylation sites were enriched for 38 pathways significant at FDR &lt;0.05. The pathway or gene-set with the greatest odds of enrichment for differential methylation (FDR &lt;0.05) was type I interferon receptor binding. This study provides a novel understanding of fetal response to maternal bisphenol exposure through epigenetic change.
The opioid-prescribing practices of Australian general practice registrars: an interview study
Authors: Prathivadi Pallavi , Barton Chris , Mazza Danielle 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundApproximately half of the opioids prescribed by Australian GP and GP registrars are for chronic non-cancer pain—despite limited therapeutic benefit, and serious risks of harm. Understanding the factors driving non-evidence-based opioid prescribing may improve GP training and education.ObjectiveTo explore attitudes, beliefs, knowledge and self-reported factors influencing the opioid-prescribing decisions of Australian GP registrars.MethodsTelephone interviews were undertaken with 20 GP registrars in 2018–19. Interviews were 30–60 minutes in duration, audio-recorded and de-identified. Braun and Clarke’s 6-phase framework was adopted for reflexive thematic analysis of data and managed using QSR NVivo software.ResultsTwenty registrars were recruited; 8 men and 12 women. Three themes were identified.Support and supervisionDifficult chronic pain consultations negatively affected the registrar well-being. Registrars role modelled their supervisors’ opioid-prescribing practices, even if they perceived it to be unsafe.ConfidenceRegistrars lacked confidence in initiating, prescribing and weaning opioids, recognizing drug-seeking behaviours and declining to prescribe—but felt confident in their knowledge of opioid pharmacology.SafetyRegistrars were aware of evidence-based prescribing recommendations and risk reduction strategies but struggled to translate this into practice.ConclusionsNon-evidence-based opioid prescribing by Australian GP registrars is multifactorial. Emotionally difficult pain consultations, poor supervision and low prescriber confidence may contribute to unsafe prescribing. Improving registrar prescribing may require interventions to improve risk reduction, training in communication and role modelling by supervisors.
Testing of the foreshock hypothesis within an epidemic like description of seismicity
Authors: Petrillo G , Lippiello E 
Published: December 2020

SUMMARYThe epidemic type aftershock sequence (ETAS) model provides a good description of the post-seismic spatio-temporal clustering of seismicity and is also able to capture some features of the increase of seismic activity caused by foreshocks. Recent results, however, have shown that the number of foreshocks observed in instrumental catalogues is significantly much larger than the one predicted by the ETAS model. Here we show that it is possible to keep an epidemic description of post-seismic activity and, at the same time, to incorporate pre-seismic temporal clustering, related to foreshocks. Taking also into-account the short-term incompleteness of instrumental catalogues, we present a model which achieves very good description of the southern California seismicity both on the aftershock and on the foreshock side. Our results indicate that the existence of a preparatory phase anticipating main shocks represents the most plausible explanation for the occurrence of foreshocks.
Obturator hernia: a delayed diagnosis. A case report with literature review
Authors: Siddiqui Zohaib , Khalil Mohammed , Khalil Aoff , Saeed Shoaib 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Obturator hernias are classically difficult to diagnose, have a high mortality and are an uncommon cause of intestinal obstruction. They are usually found in thin, elderly female patients. We present a case of a misdiagnosed 89-year-old female who presented to accident and emergency with a short history of abdominal pain. The diagnosis of an incarcerated obturator hernia was confirmed after re-discussion of computed tomography scan with the consultant radiologist in the morning. The patient underwent emergency laparotomy and the defect reduced. The patient recovered well post-operation; however; on the fourth day post-operation, the patient suffered a cardiac arrest. We report this case as a reminder to our health care colleagues to be mindful of elderly female patients who present with small bowel obstruction due to the high risk of mortality of this type of hernia.
Inelastic processes in copper–hydrogen collisions including fine-structure effects
Authors: Belyaev Andrey K , Yakovleva Svetlana A , Kraemer Wolfgang P 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Inelastic processes in low-energy Cu + H and Cu+ + H− collisions, 306 partial processes in total, are investigated taking fine-structure effects into account. We use the asymptotic approach to model the adiabatic potentials and adapt a recently proposed method to include the copper fine structure. The nuclear dynamics is performed by the multichannel analytical approach and the Landau–Zener model. The rate coefficients are calculated for the temperature range of 1000–10 000 K. The largest rate coefficient is obtained for the mutual neutralization process Cu+ + H− → Cu(3d105s 2S1/2) + H with a value of $3.81 \times 10^{-8}\, {\rm cm}^3\,{\rm s^{-1}}$ at a temperature of 6000 K . It is shown that the practice to redistribute LS-coupling rate coefficients among fine-structure sublevels can give rates that deviate significantly from those calculated in the JJ-coupling scheme, that is with account for the fine-structure effects.
Middle aged γ-ray pulsar J1957+5033 in X-rays: pulsations, thermal emission, and nebula
Authors: Zyuzin D A , Karpova A V , Shibanov Y A , Potekhin A Y , Suleimanov V F 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We analyse new XMM–Newton and archival Chandra observations of the middle-aged γ-ray radio-quiet pulsar J1957+5033. We detect, for the first time, X-ray pulsations with the pulsar spin period of the point-like source coinciding by position with the pulsar. This confirms the pulsar nature of the source. In the 0.15–0.5 keV band, there is a single pulse per period and the pulsed fraction is ≈18 ± 6 per cent. In this band, the pulsar spectrum is dominated by a thermal emission component that likely comes from the entire surface of the neutron star, while at higher energies (≳0.7 keV) it is described by a power law with the photon index Γ ≈ 1.6. We construct new hydrogen atmosphere models for neutron stars with dipole magnetic fields and non-uniform surface temperature distributions with relatively low effective temperatures. We use them in the spectral analysis and derive the pulsar average effective temperature of ≈(2–3) × 105 K. This makes J1957+5033 the coldest among all known thermally emitting neutron stars with ages below 1 Myr. Using the interstellar extinction–distance relation, we constrain the distance to the pulsar in the range of 0.1–1 kpc. We compare the obtained X-ray thermal luminosity with those for other neutron stars and various neutron star cooling models and set some constraints on the latter. We observe a faint trail-like feature, elongated ∼8 arcmin from J1957+5033. Its spectrum can be described by a power law with a photon index Γ = 1.9 ± 0.5 suggesting that it is likely a pulsar wind nebula powered by J1957+5033.
Using multichannel singular spectrum analysis to study galaxy dynamics
Authors: Weinberg Martin D , Petersen Michael S 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT
N-body simulations provide most of our insight into the structure and evolution of galaxies, but our analyses of these are often heuristic and from simple statistics. We propose a method that discovers the dynamics in space and time together by finding the most correlated temporal signals in multiple time-series of basis-function expansion coefficients and any other data fields of interest. The method extracts the dominant trends in the spatial variation of the gravitational field along with any additional data fields through time. The mathematics of this method is known as multichannel singular spectrum analysis (M-SSA). In essence, M-SSA is a principal component analysis of the covariance of time-series replicates, each lagged successively by some interval. The dominant principal component (PC) represents the trend that contains the largest fraction of the correlated signal. The next PC is orthogonal to the first and contains the next largest fraction, and so on. Using a suite of previously analysed simulations, we find that M-SSA describes bar formation and evolution, including mode coupling and pattern-speed decay. We also analyse a new simulation tailored to study vertical oscillations of the bar using kinematic data. Additionally, and to our surprise, M-SSA uncovered some new dynamics in previously analysed simulations, underscoring the power of this new approach.
The thermal conductivity of the Earth's core and implications for its thermal and compositional evolution
Authors: Ohta Kenji , Hirose Kei 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Determining the thermal conductivity of iron alloys at high pressures and temperatures are essential for understanding the thermal history and dynamics of the Earth's metallic cores. The authors summarize relevant high-pressure experiments using a diamond-anvil cell and discuss implications of high core conductivity for its thermal and compositional evolution.