bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surgical outcomes of patients with maintained or removed percutaneous cholecystostomy before intended laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Authors: Hung Yu‐Liang , Chen Huan‐Wu , Fu Chih‐Yuan , Tsai Chun‐Yi , Chong Sio‐Wai , Wang Shang‐Yu , Hsu Jun‐Te , Yeh Ta‐Sen , Yeh Chun‐Nan , Jan Yi‐Yin 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundPercutaneous cholecystostomy (PC) followed by definitive cholecystectomy is an alternative treatment for acute cholecystitis (AC). We retrospectively investigated the impact of PC tube removal before definitive cholecystectomy on surgical outcomes.MethodsFrom 2012 to 2017, 942 AC patients underwent PC at a single institute. Eligible patients were selected according to inclusion criteria. Demographic data, clinical and laboratory parameters, and treatment outcomes were extracted from medical records. Categorization of patients and subsequent subgroup analysis were based on cholangiography.ResultsThe rate of emergent cholecystectomy in the PC tube removal group was higher than that in the PC tube preserved group (OR = 2.969, 95% CI 1.334–6.612, P = 0.008). In subgroup analysis of patients with patent bile flow under cholangiography, the rate of emergent cholecystectomy was higher in the PC tube removal group (OR = 3.173, 95% CI 1.182–8.523, P = 0.022), though the incidence of complications was higher in the PC tube preserved group (P = 0.012). In addition, routine preoperative cholangiography had no clinical impact on surgical outcome.ConclusionPercutaneous cholecystostomy tube can be removed before subsequent LC to avoid postoperative complications, though removal of the PC tube is associated with an increased likelihood of emergent cholecystectomy.
C‐reactive protein correlates with computed tomographic findings and predicts severe COVID‐19 early
Authors: Tan Chaochao , Huang Ying , Shi Fengxia , Tan Kui , Ma Qionghui , Chen Yong , Jiang Xixin , Li Xiaosong 
Published: April 2020

AbstractCOVID‐19 has developed into a worldwide pandemic; early identification of severe illness is critical for controlling it and improving the prognosis of patients with limited medical resources. The present study aimed to analyze the characteristics of severe COVID‐19 and identify biomarkers for differential diagnosis and prognosis prediction. In total, 27 consecutive patients with COVID‐19 and 75 patients with flu were retrospectively enrolled. Clinical parameters were collected from electronic medical records. The disease course was divided into four stages: initial, progression, peak, and recovery stages, according to computed tomography (CT) progress. to mild COVID‐19, the lymphocytes in the severe COVID‐19 progressively decreased at the progression and the peak stages, but rebound in the recovery stage. The levels of C‐reactive protein (CRP) in the severe group at the initial and progression stages were higher than those in the mild group. Correlation analysis showed that CRP (R = .62; P < .01), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (R = .55; P < .01) and granulocyte/lymphocyte ratio (R = .49; P < .01) were positively associated with the CT severity scores. In contrast, the number of lymphocytes (R = −.37; P < .01) was negatively correlated with the CT severity scores. The receiver‐operating characteristic analysis demonstrated that area under the curve of CRP on the first visit for predicting severe COVID‐19 was 0.87 (95% CI 0.10–1.00) at 20.42 mg/L cut‐off, with sensitivity and specificity 83% and 91%, respectively. CRP in severe COVID‐19 patients increased significantly at the initial stage, before CT findings. Importantly, CRP, which was associated with disease development, predicted early severe COVID‐19.
Genetic variations in DNA‐repair genes (XRCC1, 3, and 7) and the susceptibility to hepatocellular carcinoma in a cohort of Egyptians
Authors: Aboul Enein Azza Ahmed , Khaled Iman Abdel Aziz , Khorshied Mervat Mamdooh , Abdel‐Aziz Ashraf Omar , Zahran Nariman , El Saeed Asmaa Mohamed , Shousha Hend Ibrahim , Abdel Rahman Hala Aly 
Published: April 2020

AbstractChronic hepatitis C (CHC) is a worldwide etiology of chronic hepatic insult particularly in Egypt. DNA‐repair systems are responsible for maintaining genomic integrity by countering threats posed by DNA lesions. Deficiency in the repair capacity due to genetic alterations in DNA‐repair genes can lead to genomic instability and increased risk of cancer development. The present work aimed at studying the possible association between XRCC1‐G28152A (rs25487), XRCC3‐C18067T (rs861539), and XRCC7‐G6721T (rs7003908) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and the susceptibility to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Egyptian population. The study was conducted on 100 newly diagnosed HCC patients and 100 age‐ and sex‐matched healthy controls. Laboratory workup revealed that all HCC patients have chronic hepatitis C viral infection. Genotyping of the studied SNPs was performed by real‐time PCR. The heteromutant genotype of XRCC1 (GA) conferred an almost two‐fold increased risk of HCC (OR ,  2.35; 95% CI, 1.33‐4.04). Regarding XRCC7, the heteromutant (TG) genotype conferred a two‐fold increased risk of HCC (OR ,  2.17; 95% CI, 1.23‐3.82). Coinheritance of the polymorphic genotypes of XRCC1 and 7 was significantly higher in HCC cases than controls and was associated with an 11‐fold increased risk of HCC (OR , 11.66; 95% CI,  2.77‐49.13). The frequency of XRCC3 polymorphic genotypes in HCC patients was close to that of the controls.
The two‐step task, avoidance, and OCD
Authors: Geramita Matthew A. , Yttri Eric A. , Ahmari Susanne E. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn this invited review, we argue for the need to determine whether appetitive and aversive behaviors, be they goal‐directed or habitual, share overlapping neural circuitry. To motivate our argument, we first summarize what is currently known about the neural circuits governing aversive and appetitive behaviors by focusing first on the three hypothesized phases of avoidance learning, and then on goal‐directed and habitual reward seeking. We then provide several reasons to believe that the neural circuits of appetitive and aversive instrumental behaviors are not completely overlapping. We next discuss an experimental strategy to determine the extent of overlap based on a new computational framework that improves the identification of goal‐directed and habitual actions regardless of valence. Finally, we discuss recent work in obsessive‐compulsive disorder that uses this computational framework to determine whether patients perform appetitive and aversive versions of the same task using the same behavioral strategies and neural circuits.
Laser identification of residual microislands of calculus and their removal with chelation
Authors: Harrel Stephen K. , Wilson Thomas G. , Tunnell John C. , Stenberg William V. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundDuring videoscope‐assisted minimally invasive surgery which uses a high magnification videoscope to treat periodontal defects, small areas resembling calculus are detected remaining on root surfaces following scaling. These are clinically termed microislands of calculus, which are removed by the use of a chelating agent. This material has not been verified as calculus and the ability of a chelating agent to remove calculus has not been proven. The purpose of this ex vivo study is to verify if the material is calculus and to determine if calculus is removed with a chelating agent.MethodsExtracted teeth (n = 22) with heavy calculus on root surfaces were selected. A 5‐mm2 area containing calculus was scribed on each root. Digital videoscope images were made of the marked areas using only white light and also with only a 655‐nm diode laser that causes calculus to fluoresce. The marked areas were root planed until no calculus was visible with 3.5× surgical loupes. Digital images were again made. The test area was then burnished with a chelating agent (EDTA) for 30 seconds and images again made. Using the images, the percentage of the marked root surface containing calculus was calculated.ResultsCalculus remained on the roots surfaces after they were judged to be clean using 3.5× loupe magnification. Remaining calculus was reduced after burnishing for 30 seconds with EDTA.ConclusionsCalculus remains on root surfaces judged to be calculus free using surgical loupes for visualization. Small areas of calculus are reduced or eliminated with a chelating agent.
Fine metal mask material and manufacturing process for high‐resolution active‐matrix organic light‐emitting diode displays
Authors: Kim Chiwoo , Kim Kisoo , Kwon Ohseob , Jung Jaehoon , Park Jong Kab , Kim Doh Hoon , Jung Kiro 
Published: April 2020

AbstractManufacturing fine metal mask (FMM) is one of the biggest hurdles to realize the ultra‐high definition (UHD) grade AMOLED displays for smartphone and augmented reality (AR). We have developed the state‐of‐the‐art material and processing technology to achieve 800ppi or higher‐resolution FMMs. The Invar thinning and the thermal damage‐free laser ablation process realized us achieving the FMM for UHD displays.
Cell membrane chromatography coupled online with LC‐MS to screen anti‐anaphylactoid components from Magnolia biondii Pamp. targeting on Mas‐related G protein‐coupled receptor X2
Authors: Lin Yuanyuan , Xu Jing , Jia Qianqian , Sun Wei , Fu Jia , Lv Yanni , Han Shengli 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMas‐related G protein‐coupled receptor X2 was a mast cell–specific receptor mediating anaphylactoid reactions by activating mast cells degranulation, and it was also identified as a target for modulating mast cell–mediated anaphylactoid and inflammatory diseases. The anti‐anaphylactoid drugs used clinically disturb the partial effect of partial mediators released by mast cells. The small molecule of Mas‐related G protein‐coupled receptor X2 specific antagonists may provide therapeutic action for the anaphylactoid and inflammatory diseases in the early stage. In this study, the Mas‐related G protein‐coupled receptor X2 high expression cell membrane chromatography was coupled online with liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry and successfully used to screen anti‐anaphylactoid components from Magnolia biondii Pamp. Fargesin and pinoresinol dimethyl ether were identified as potential anti‐anaphylactoid components. Bioactivity of these two components were investigated by β hexosaminidase and histamine release assays on mast cells, and it was found that these two components could inhibit β hexosaminidase and histamine release in a concentration‐dependent manner. This Mas‐related G protein‐coupled receptor X2 high expression cell membrane chromatography coupled online with liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry system could be applied for screening potential anti‐anaphylactoid components from natural medicinal herbs. This study also provided a powerful system for drug discovery in natural medicinal herbs.
Analysis the effect of miR‐141‐3p/HMGB1 in LPS‐induced mucus production and the apoptosis in nasal epithelial cells
Authors: Zhu Yong‐Ming , Wu Feng , Zhou Jie‐Yu 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAllergic rhinitis (AR) is an allergic disease characterized by immunoglobulin E (IgE)‐mediated type I hypersensitivity disorder. In the current study, we illuminated the potential roles of microRNA‐141‐3p (miR‐141‐3p) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced mucus production and the apoptosis in nasal epithelial cells (NECs). We demonstrated that miR‐141‐3p was significantly downregulated in nasal tissues from patients with AR and LPS‐treated NECs. Upregulation of miR‐141‐3p decreased the level of mucin 5AC (MUC5AC) in LPS‐treated NECs and induced NECs apoptosis. High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) was proved as a target of miR‐141‐3p and miR‐141‐3p negatively regulated its expression. In addition, we observed that HMGB1 was overexpressed in nasal mucosal tissues from patients with AR and LPS‐treated NECs. Finally, we proved that miR‐141‐3p decreased the level of MUAC5AC in LPS‐treated NECs through regulating HMGB1. In conclusion, miR‐141‐3p inhibited LPS‐induced MUAC5AC production and the apoptosis of LPS‐treated NECs by targeting HMGB1.
Prognostic Significance of Lymph Node Status in p16+ Oropharyngeal Cancer After Surgical Treatment
Authors: Park Young Min , Eo Tae Seong , Koh Yoon Woo , Kim Se‐Heon , Choi Eun Chang 
Published: April 2020

Objectives/HypothesisIn this study, we retrospectively reviewed medical records of patients who underwent surgery for p16+ oropharyngeal cancer and analyzed the prognostic implications of pathologic lymph node (LN) status, including number of metastatic LNs, LN ratio, and location of metastatic LNs.Study DesignRetrospective case series.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed data on patients diagnosed with p16+ oropharyngeal cancer.ResultsThe study population consisted of 159 males and 29 females with a mean age of 57.2 years. The primary tumor sites were tonsils (n = 160), base of the tongue (n = 24), and soft palate (n = 4). Only recurrence‐free survival (RFS) showed a significant correlation with contralateral LN metastasis on multivariate analysis. On Kaplan‐Meier analysis, 5‐year RFS was 92.4% in patients without contralateral LN metastasis and 68.8% in patients with contralateral LN metastasis.ConclusionsAmong pathologic LN status in p16+ oropharyngeal cancer, only contralateral LN metastasis showed prognostic significance in disease recurrence of p16+ oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma patients.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 130: 1973–1979, 2020
Sex‐Dependent Improvement in Survival of Parkinson's Disease Patients
Authors: Kuusimäki Tomi , Kurki Samu , Sipilä Jussi O.T. , Salminen‐Mankonen Heli , Carpén Olli , Kaasinen Valtteri 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACTBackgroundAdvances in the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) and changes in general life expectancy may have improved survival in patients with PD.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to investigate recent trends in PD mortality.MethodsIn total, 1521 patients with PD in local and national registries were followed for 11 years (2006–2016) from diagnosis until exit date or death, and the causes of death were recorded.ResultsThe survival of men with PD improved during the follow‐up period, but no change was observed in women (2‐year postdiagnosis survival in men, 79.0%–86.3%, P = 0.03; 2‐year postdiagnosis survival in women, 82.8%–87.5%, P = 0.42). Pneumonia was the most common immediate cause of death.DiscussionThe survival of men with PD has improved in Finland without a similar change in women. Because changes in treatment likely affect both sexes similarly, the results may reflect the decreasing sex gap in life expectancy. This phenomenon will likely increase the already high male‐to‐female prevalence ratio of PD.
A Comprehensive Review of Brain Connectomics and Imaging to Improve Deep Brain Stimulation Outcomes
Authors: Wong Joshua K. , Middlebrooks Erik H. , Grewal Sanjeet S. , Almeida Leonardo , Hess Christopher W. , Okun Michael S. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractDBS is an effective neuromodulatory therapy that has been applied in various conditions, including PD, essential tremor, dystonia, Tourette syndrome, and other movement disorders. There have also been recent examples of applications in epilepsy, chronic pain, and neuropsychiatric conditions. Innovations in neuroimaging technology have been driving connectomics, an emerging whole‐brain network approach to neuroscience. Two rising techniques are functional connectivity profiling and structural connectivity profiling. Functional connectivity profiling explores the operational relationships between multiple regions of the brain with respect to time and stimuli. Structural connectivity profiling approximates physical connections between different brain regions through reconstruction of axonal fibers. Through these techniques, complex relationships can be described in various disease states, such as PD, as well as in response to therapy, such as DBS. These advances have expanded our understanding of human brain function and have provided a partial in vivo glimpse into the underlying brain circuits underpinning movement and other disorders. This comprehensive review will highlight the contemporary concepts in brain connectivity as applied to DBS, as well as introduce emerging considerations in movement disorders. © 2020 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Proteomic Analysis of Heart and Kidney Tissues in Healthy and Metabolic Syndrome Rats after Hesperidin Supplementation
Authors: Pla‐Pagà Laura , Guirro Maria , Gual‐Grau Andreu , Gibert‐Ramos Albert , Foguet‐Romero Elisabet , Catalán Úrsula , Mayneris‐Perxachs Jordi , Canela Nuria , Valls Rosa M. , Arola Lluís , Solà Rosa , Pedret Anna 
Published: April 2020

ScopeProteomics has provided new strategies to elucidate the mechanistic action of hesperidin, a flavonoid present in citrus fruits. Thus, the aim of the present study is to determine the effects of hesperidin supplementation (HS) on the proteomic profiles of heart and kidney tissue samples from healthy and metabolic syndrome (MS) rats.Methods and results24 Sprague Dawley rats are randomized into four groups: healthy rats fed with a standard diet without HS, healthy rats administered with HS (100 mg kg−1 day−1), MS rats without HS, and MS rats administered with HS (100 mg kg−1 day−1) for eight weeks. Heart and kidney samples are obtained, and proteomic analysis is performed by mass spectrometry. Multivariate, univariate, and ingenuity pathways analyses are performed. Comparative and semiquantitative proteomic analyses of heart and kidney tissues reveal differential protein expression between MS rats with and without HS. The top diseases and functions implicated are related to the cardiovascular system, free radical scavenging, lipid metabolism, glucose metabolism, and renal and urological diseases.ConclusionThis study is the first to demonstrate the protective capacity of hesperidin to change to the proteomic profiles in relation to different cardiovascular risk biomarkers in the heart and kidney tissues of MS rats.
Consumption of Diet Soda Sweetened with Sucralose and Acesulfame‐Potassium Alters Inflammatory Transcriptome Pathways in Females with Overweight and Obesity
Authors: Sylvetsky Allison C. , Sen Sabyasachi , Merkel Patrick , Dore Fiona , Stern David B. , Henry Curtis J. , Cai Hongyi , Walter Peter J. , Crandall Keith A. , Rother Kristina I. , Hubal Monica J. 
Published: April 2020

ScopeLow‐calorie sweetener (LCS) consumption is associated with metabolic disease in observational studies. However, physiologic mechanisms underlying LCS‐induced metabolic impairments in humans are unclear. This study is aimed at identifying molecular pathways in adipose impacted by LCSs.Methods and resultsSeven females with overweight or obesity, who did not report LCS use, consumed 12 ounces of diet soda containing sucralose and acesulfame‐potassium (Ace‐K) three times daily for 8 weeks. A subcutaneous adipose biopsy from the left abdomen and a fasting blood sample were collected at baseline and post‐intervention. Global gene expression were assessed using RNA‐sequencing followed by functional pathway analysis. No differences in circulating metabolic or inflammatory biomarkers were observed. However, ANOVA detected 828 differentially expressed annotated genes after diet soda consumption (p < 0.05), including transcripts for inflammatory cytokines. Fifty‐eight of 140 canonical pathways represented in pathway analyses regulated inflammation, and several key upstream regulators of inflammation (e.g., TNF‐alpha) were also represented.ConclusionConsumption of diet soda with sucralose and Ace‐K alters inflammatory transcriptomic pathways (e.g., NF‐κB signaling) in subcutaneous adipose tissue but does not significantly alter circulating biomarkers. Findings highlight the need to examine molecular and metabolic effects of LCS exposure in a larger randomized control trial for a longer duration.
Anti‐Inflammatory and Antioxidative Properties of Isoflavones Provide Renal Protective Effects Distinct from Those of Dietary Soy Proteins against Diabetic Nephropathy
Authors: Jheng Huei‐Fen , Hayashi Kanako , Matsumura Yasuki , Kawada Teruo , Seno Shigeto , Matsuda Hideo , Inoue Kazuo , Nomura Wataru , Takahashi Haruya , Goto Tsuyoshi 
Published: April 2020

ScopeDietary soy reportedly protects from diabetic nephropathy (DN), but its active components and mechanism of action remain unknown.Methods and resultsIn this study, KKAy mice are fed three types of diet: Dietary soy isoflavones with soy protein (Soy‐IP) diet, reduced isoflavones soy protein (RisoP), and oral administration of isoflavones aglycones (IsoAgc). Albuminuria and glycosuria are decreased only in the soy‐IP group. The risoP group show reduced expansion of mesangial matrix and renal fibrosis, the IsoAgc group show renal anti‐fibrotic and anti‐inflammatory effects; however, these renal pathological changes are repressed in the soy‐IP group, suggesting the distinct protective roles of soy protein or isoflavones in DN. The isoflavone genistein has a better inhibitory effect on the inflammatory response and cellular interactions in both mouse tubular cells and macrophages when exposed to high glucose and albumin (HGA). Genistein also represses HGA‐induced activator protein 1 activation and reactive oxidases stress generation, accompanied by reduced NADPH oxidase (NOX) gene expression. Finally, diabetic mice show a decrease in lipid peroxidation levels in both plasma and urine, along with lower NOXs gene expression.ConclusionThe data elucidate the detailed mechanism by which isoflavones inhibit renal inflammation and provide a potential practical adjunct therapy to restrict DN progression.
Perceptions and experiences of living with type 1 diabetes among Latino adolescents and parents with limited English proficiency
Authors: Joiner Kevin L. , DeJonckheere Melissa , Whittemore Robin , Grey Margaret 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWe explored perceptions and experiences of living with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) among U.S. Latino adolescents (age 12–19 years) with T1DM and parents with limited English proficiency. We used a qualitative descriptive approach with semi‐structured interviews of adolescents together with their parents. Interview data were reviewed, coded, and combined into themes about participant experiences with T1DM. Twenty‐four adolescents (mean age: 15.4 years) and 23 parents participated. Analysis resulted in three themes: (a) Understanding and adapting to T1DM (i.e., initial fear and misunderstandings of T1DM; adolescents' reflections on living with a chronic health condition); (b) Coming to terms with social and environmental influences on T1DM self‐management (i.e., T1DM as disruptive to school and social activities; dealing with stigma and judgments related to diabetes); and, (c) Integrating T1DM self‐management expectations with components of Latino cultures (i.e., orientation toward family well‐being; parent concerns about cultural preferences that influence food choices, positive influence of spirituality and religiousness; parental views of their current health care in comparison to that available in their place of birth). Adolescents and their parents reported experiences that are universal to adolescents with T1DM in addition to challenges that are unique to Latinos. Efforts aimed at improving T1DM self‐management during adolescence with this population need to be tailored to meet the unique social and cultural contexts and delivered in a culturally and linguistically congruent manner.