bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HUBUNGAN LINGKAR PINGGANG DAN INDEKS MASSA TUBUH DENGAN KADAR ASAM URAT WANITA USIA DI ATAS 50 TAHUN
Authors: Wulandari Dian , Rahayuningsih Hesti Murwani 
Published: May 2020

Latar Belakang : Hiperurisemia merupakan salah satu faktor risiko terjadinya penyakit degeneratif dan kejadian sindrom metabolik. Perlu upaya untuk mendeteksi dini faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap hiperurisemia. Salah satu metode yang dapat dilakukan adalah pengukuran antropometri. Pengukuran yang dilakukan adalah pengukuran lingkar linggang dan indeks massa tubuh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan lingkar pinggang dan indeks massa tubuh dengan kadar asam urat wanita usia di atas 50 tahun. Metode : Penelitian Observasional Analitik dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional. Subjek sebanyak 51 orang wanita di wilayah puskesmas Gajah Mungkur berusia di atas 50 tahun. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan consecutive sampling. Pengambilan data karakteristik subjek dilakukan dengan wawancara, pengukuran lingkar pinggang dan indeks massa tubuh menggunakan metline, timbangan berat badan ketelitian 0,1 kg dan microtoise dengan ketelitian 0,1cm. Pemeriksaan kadar asam urat darah sampel menggunakan metode kolorimetri . Uji normalitas menggunakan Kolmogorov Smirnov, analisis statistik menggunakan Chi Square dan Regresi logistik. Hasil : Kadar asam urat subjek sebanyak 54,90% (n=28) termasuk dalam kategori tinggi. Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan adanya hubungan antara lingkar pinggang, IMT, dan asupan purin terhadap kadar asam urat (p =0,000). Namun, faktor yang berpengaruh kuat terhadap peningkatan asam urat yaitu asupan purin dan IMT. Wanita usia di atas 50 tahun dengan asupan purin tinggi dan IMT tinggi memiliki risiko 3,602 dan 3,157 kali lebih besar untuk mengalami peningkatan asam urat. Simpulan : Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara lingkar pinggang, IMT, dan asupan purin dengan kadar asam urat. Asupan purin memiliki pengaruh paling kuat terhadap kadar asam urat.
KANDUNGAN PATI RESISTEN, AMILOSA, DAN AMILOPEKTIN SNACK BAR SORGUM SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF MAKANAN SELINGAN BAGI PENDERITA DIABETES MELLITUS TIPE 2
Authors: Fathurrizqiah Ratna , Panunggal Binar 
Published: May 2020

Latar Belakang: Hiperglikemia pada penderita Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2 tidak terkontrol menyebabkan komplikasi penyakit, sehingga perlu pengaturan diet untuk mengontrol gula darah. Sorgum mengandung pati resisten, amilosa, dan amilopektin yang dapat menghambat kenaikan gula darah sehingga pembuatan sorgum sebagai snack bar dapat dijadikan sebagai alternatif makanan selingan penderita Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2.Tujuan: Menganalisis kandungan pati resisten, amilosa, amilopektin, dan tingkat penerimaan snack bar sorgum.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan eksperimen acak lengkap 1 faktor dengan 3 variasi jenis sorgum yaitu sorgum warna merah, putih, dan coklat. Data kandungan pati resisten, amilosa, amilopektin dianalisis menggunakan uji One Way Anova dan tingkat penerimaan dianalisis menggunakan uji Friedman.Hasil: Kandungan pati resisten, amilosa, amilopektin snack bar sorgum 7,88-8,44%, 2,81-5,41% dan 95,09-97,18%. Ketiga variasi jenis snack bar memiliki kandungan pati resisten, amilosa, dan amilopektin yang berbeda. Tingkat penerimaan snack bar sorgum meliputi warna, aroma, tekstur, dan rasa. Terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pada warna snack bar sorgum.Kesimpulan: Kandungan pati resisten dan amilosa pada snack bar sorgum merah lebih tinggi dibandingkan snack bar sorgum putih dan coklat. Kandungan amilopektin tertinggi terdapat pada snack bar sorgum coklat. Snack bar sorgum putih mendapat penilaian paling disukai dari segi warna, aroma, tekstur, dan rasa.
PERBEDAAN ASUPAN PROTEIN, ZAT BESI, ASAM FOLAT, VITAMIN B12 DAN KEJADIAN ANEMIA PADA IBU NIFAS YANG MELAKUKAN MUTIH DAN TIDAK MELAKUKAN MUTIH DI KECAMATAN GEBOG, KABUPATEN KUDUS
Authors: Saputri Titien Indah , Wijayanti Hartanti Sandi 
Published: May 2020

Latar Belakang: Mutih merupakan budaya pantang makan yang dilakukan ibu nifas dengan hanya mengkonsumsi nasi, tempe, tahu, beberapa jenis sayur dan buah. Rendahnya jumlah asupan dan variasi makanan menyebabkan ibu nifas berisiko mengalami defisiensi protein, zat besi, asam folat, dan vitamin B12. Hal tersebut dapat menjadi faktor risiko terjadinya anemia gizi pada ibu nifas.Tujuan: Menganalisis perbedaan asupan protein, zat besi, asam folat, vitamin B12, dan kejadian anemia pada ibu nifas mutih dan tidak mutih.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan desain cross sectional. Jumlah sampel terdiri dari 16 ibu nifas mutih dan 16 ibu nifas tidak mutih. Pemilihan subjek penelitian dengan purposive sampling. Asupan zat gizi diperoleh dari Semiquantitative Food Frequency Questionaire dan kadar hemoglobin diukur menggunakan metode cyanmethemoglobin. Perbedaan kadar hemoglobin diuji menggunakan uji independent t-test, dan asupan zat gizi, meliputi protein, zat besi, asam folat, dan vitamin B12 menggunakan uji Mann-Whitney. Hasil: . Kejadian anemia pada ibu nifas mutih sebesar 93,7%, sedangkan pada ibu nifas tidak mutih hanya sebesar 25%. Terdapat perbedaan bermakna asupan protein (p<0.01), vitamin B12 ( p<0.01), dan kejadian anemia (p<0.01) antara ibu nifas mutih dan tidak mutih. Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna asupan zat besi dan asam folat antara ibu nifas mutih dan tidak mutih (p= 0.07 dan p=0.19). Asupan protein, zat besi, asam folat, dan vitamin B12 kedua kelompok tidak mencukupi kebutuhan seharusnya.Simpulan: Terdapat perbadaan kadar hemoglobin, asupan protein, dan vitamin B12 antara ibu nifas mutih dan tidak mutih.
Mengurai Gagasan Tan Malaka dari Perspektif Kajian Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan
Authors: Samidi R. , Suharno Suharno 
Published: May 2020

This study identifies Tan Malaka's ideas in the perspective of Civic Education by exploring his great idea of Gerpolek which had published in a book. The published book supported by several other works, then analyzed in the context of Citizenship Education. Based on the results of the study shows that each of Tan Malaka's revolutionary ideas from the perspective of Citizenship Education has real contribution in the relation to build citizenship and the state, whether it seen from the context of nationalism, economics, politics, and human rights. Through Citizenship Education, it is appropriate that Tan Malaka placed in line with the national founders. His work becomes a reference in order to build the nation for the better future.
Emocje w autobiografii Władka. Metoda autobiograficzna Thomasa i Znanieckiego na tle przykładu współczesnej analizy Fritza Schützego
Authors: Nowak Marek , Luczys Piotr 
Published: May 2020

The proposed study is an attempt to address the issue of emotions in the context of the biographical analysis proposed by W.I. Thomas and F. Znaniecki. Due to the canonical character of the work and its theoretical significance, a comparative analysis with the example of Fritz Schütze’s biographical analysis was applied, recognizing that only against the background of the contemporary research approach will the value of Thomas and Znaniecki’s work be discernible. The research idea of the authors of the article was therefore, in a way, exploratory. The conclusions of the analysis allow us to describe the status of emotions in classical and contemporary analysis; on the other hand, to critically interpret the autobiographical text of Władek (Volume III of the Book), together with the analytical work carried out on this text by both authors. The text of the article refers to excerpts from works on emotions, but also reviews the literature on the subject, concerning the perception of emotions in American sociology from the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries and from the first half of the 20th century, which gives grounds for answering questions about the sources of understanding emotions in the contemporary sociological literature.
Marek Nowak, Piotr Luczys, Emocje w autobiografii Władka. Metoda autobiograficzna Thomasa i Znanieckiego na tle przykładu współczesnej analizy Fritza Schützego [Emotions in Władek’s autobiography. Autobiographical method of Thomas and Znaniecki with the example of contemporary analysis by Fritz Schütze] edited by M. Nowak, „Człowiek i Społeczeństwo” vol. XLVII: „Chłop polski w Europie i Ameryce” po stu latach [Polish peasant in Europe and America after one hundred years], Poznań 2019, pp. 57–86, Adam Mickiewicz University. Faculty of Social Sciences Press. ISSN 0239-3271.
Die Folgen von Covid-19 für die Globalisierung
Authors: Felbermayr Gabriel , Görg Holger 
Published: May 2020

ZusammenfassungIn diesem Artikel erörtern Gabriel Felbermayr und Holger Görg die weltwirtschaftlichen Implikationen der Covid-19-Pandemie. Ausgehend von der Beobachtung, dass sich die Globalisierung in den zurückliegenden zehn Jahren merklich verlangsamt hat, stellen sie dar, wie sich die Covid-19-Pandemie auf China – das Herzstück vieler globaler Wertschöpfungsketten – auswirkt und welche Folgen dies wiederum für andere Länder in der Kette hat – insbesondere auch Deutschland. Es folgt eine Diskussion darüber, ob und wie die Globalisierung resilienter gestaltet werden kann. Der Artikel schließt mit wirtschaftspolitischen Empfehlungen.
Die wirtschaftspolitischen Maßnahmen der Schweiz zu Beginn der Covid-19-Pandemie
Authors: Eichenauer Vera , Sturm Jan-Egbert 
Published: May 2020

Zusammenfassung
Die Schweizer Volkswirtschaft bewegte sich zu Beginn der Covid-19-Pandemie aus einem konjunkturellen Tief in eine sanfte Aufschwungsphase mit im internationalen Vergleich niedriger Arbeitslosigkeit und gesunden öffentlichen Finanzen. Aufgrund ihrer geographischen Lage waren insbesondere die italienisch- und französischsprachigen Regionen der Schweiz frühzeitig und stark von Ansteckungen mit SARS-CoV-2 betroffen. Während der Sperrperiode (sanfter Lockdown) hatte die Strukturerhaltung höchste Priorität. Arbeitsplätze wurden durch Kurzarbeit erhalten, die Liquidität der Unternehmen wurde durch den einfachen und raschen Zugang zu günstigen und staatlich garantierten Krediten gewährleistet. Im Hinblick auf die Prävention der Überschuldung der Wirtschaft und die für Innovations- und Investitionsentscheidungen relevante Erwartungsbildung wurde allerdings wenig unternommen. Unternehmen erhielten keine nennenswerte Unterstützung für ihre Kapitalkosten. In der Kommunikation der Regierung fehlte es zudem oft an vorwärtsorientierenden Aussagen.
Many Paths to the Same Goal: Balancing Exploration and Exploitation during Probabilistic Route Planning
Authors: Jackson Brian J. , Fatima Gusti Lulu , Oh Sujean , Gire David H. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractDuring self-guided behaviors, animals identify constraints of the problems they face and adaptively employ appropriate strategies (Marsh, 2002). In the case of foraging, animals must balance sensory-guided exploration of an environment with memory-guided exploitation of known resource locations. Here, we show that animals adaptively shift cognitive resources between sensory and memory systems during foraging to optimize route planning under uncertainty. We demonstrate this using a new, laboratory-based discovery method to define the strategies used to solve a difficult route optimization scenario, the probabilistic “traveling salesman” problem (Raman and Gill, 2017; Fuentes et al., 2018; Mukherjee et al., 2019). Using this system, we precisely manipulated the strength of prior information as well as the complexity of the problem. We find that rats are capable of efficiently solving this route-planning problem, even under conditions with unreliable prior information and a large space of possible solutions. Through analysis of animals’ trajectories, we show that they shift the balance between exploiting known locations and searching for new locations of rewards based on the predictability of reward locations. When compared with a Bayesian search, we found that animal performance is consistent with an approach that adaptively allocates cognitive resources between sensory processing and memory, enhancing sensory acuity and reducing memory load under conditions in which prior information is unreliable. Our findings establish new approaches to understand neural substrates of natural behavior as well as the rational development of biologically inspired approaches for complex real-world optimization.
An overview of clinical activities in Endo-ERN: the need for alignment of future network criteria
Authors: de Vries Friso , Bruin Mees , Cersosimo Angelica , van Beuzekom Charlotte N , Ahmed S Faisal , Peeters Robin P , Biermasz Nienke R , Hiort Olaf , Pereira Alberto M 
Published: May 2020

Objective
Given that volumes of patients and interventions are important criteria to qualify as a reference centre (RC) for the European Reference Network on Rare Endocrine Conditions (Endo-ERN), the present study aimed to evaluate the data that were reported in the original application against subsequent assessments of activity and review the criteria that may define RCs using two main thematic groups (MTGs): Pituitary and Thyroid, as examples.

Methods
Review of content in application forms and continuous monitoring data and of a survey distributed to RCs. A list of ‘key procedures’ for the assessment of performance of RCs was composed with the help of the Pituitary and Thyroid MTG chairs.

Results
In the original application, the number of undefined procedures ranged from 20 to 5500/year (Pituitary) and from 10 to 2700/year (phyroid) between applicants. In the survey, the number of key procedures per centre ranged from 18 to 150/year (Pituitary) and from 20 to 1376/year (Thyroid). The median numbers of new patients reported in the continuous monitoring program were comparable with the application and survey; however, some centres reported large variations.

Conclusions
Monitoring of clinical activity in an ERN requires clear definitions that are optimally aligned with clinical practice, diagnosis registration, and hospital IT systems. This is a particular challenge in the rare disease field where the centre may also provide expert input in collaboration with local hospitals. Application of uniform definitions, in addition to condition-specific clinical benchmarks, which can include patient-reported- as well as clinician-reported outcome measures, is urgently needed to allow benchmarking of care across Endo-ERN.
Maltrato al adulto mayor, un problema silencioso
Authors: Agudelo Cifuentes Maite Catalina , Cardona Arango Doris , Segura Cardona Angela María , Restrepo-Ochoa Diego Alveiro 
Published: May 2020

Los malos tratos hacia las personas mayores están influenciados por patrones culturales, el contexto histórico, el entorno sociocultural y los juicios de valor que la sociedad construye en torno a la vejez. El maltrato a esta población no ha tenido la misma resonancia en la sociedad que el ejercido a niños y mujeres; sin embargo, en los últimos años ha comenzado a ser visible como un problema de interés público. La presente revisión tiene como objetivo presentar los principales conceptos y características del maltrato al adulto mayor y describir la magnitud de este fenómeno social en el mundo y en Colombia desde 1975 hasta 2018.
Evaluación del impacto económico de programas sociales contra la pobreza: una revisión de estudios aleatorizados en la obra de Esther Duflo
Authors: Cardona Arias Jaiberth Antonio 
Published: May 2020

Introducción: las evaluaciones aleatorizadas del impacto económico de programas sociales son exiguas en Latinoamérica y en la salud pública en general.
Objetivo: caracterizar los estudios sobre la evaluación aleatorizada del impacto de programas sociales contra la pobreza en la obra de Esther Duflo
Metodología: revisión sistemática aplicando la guía PRISMA en nueve bases de datos. Se garantizó reproducibilidad de la selección de estudios y extracción de la información. Se realizó síntesis cualitativa de los resultados mediante descripción de las poblaciones, intervenciones, controles y desenlaces evaluados.
Resultados: se analizaron 34 evaluaciones aleatorias de programas sociales contra la pobreza, el 41,2% en educación; 20,6% en salud; 8,8% sobre micro-créditos; 8,8% participación política de las mujeres y 5,9% transferencias directas a poblaciones pobres, las restantes evaluaron el uso de fertilizantes, veedurías a policías, consecución de empleo y control a las emisiones ambientales en plantas industriales.
Conclusión: Los mejores impactos se reportaron en educación y salud, lo que se relaciona con elcapital humano, la participación laboral efectiva y la reducción de la pobreza. Esto constituye un soporte de gran relevancia para la salud pública basada en la evidencia y permite identificar ejes de política pública para reducir la pobreza, combatir las inequidades sociales y mejorar el uso de recursos económicos para la gestión pública.
Determination of Leakage Inductance Percentage for Gapped Iron-Core Shunt-Reactors with M4 Steel as Core Material
Authors: DÖNÜK Atilla 
Published: May 2020

Leakage inductance component has a
significant importance in total inductance value of GISR. Neglecting this
component in the design phase, results in an expensive and bulky core
structure. Variation of leakage inductance component in percentage is
determined and presented as graphical curves for M4 steel by applying energy
method. FEA are performed for various
GISR with several operating voltages and temperature rise values to determine
the leakage inductance component. A design tool with Matlab/Guide is also developed
for analytical calculations to obtain the physical dimensions for FEA. Graphical
curves introduced to the literature in this work provide manufacturers or
design engineers to perform fast, reliable and economical GISR design with an alternative material
and offer variety.
Tax Cuts and Fee Reductions and Labor Demand of SMEs
Authors: Xiao Suwei 
Published: May 2020

<p>Policies to cut taxes and fees are important means to deal with the economic downturn, which strongly support to the development of the majority of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The current study has no consistent conclusion of whether SMEs expand their labor demand because of this. This paper builds a structural vector autoregressive (VAR) model to analyze the dynamic effects of tax cuts and fee reduction policies on increasing labor demand for SMEs. The empirical results show that tax cuts and fee reductions are important causes of short-term employment fluctuations, but in the long run, it is difficult for taxation policies to have a direct positive effect on employment. Therefore, this article puts forward the idea that different tax incentives can be formulated for small and medium-sized enterprises in the short term according to their life cycles. In the long run, the focus of macro-control needs to be turned to supply management to achieve the goal of stable employment.</p>
FACTORS INFLUENCING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TELEVISION COMMERCIALS IN URBAN AREA IN EGYPT
Authors: M Ali Abdallah Ali Mohamed , Ahamat Amiruddin , Jawabri Adnan 
Published: May 2020

Purpose: This research examined the effects of television-advertising viewing on the perceived wealth in society and the materialistic value orientations among adolescents in urban Egypt.
Methodology: A survey on two hundred (200) adolescents aged eleven (11) to seventeen (17) was conducted in 2013. The urban sub-sample consisted of one hundred (100) respondents studying in Grade 7 and Grade 8 from a secondary school in Cairo city. The rural sub-sample consisted of one hundred (100) respondents studying in Grade 7 and Grade 8 from two (2) rural secondary schools in Alexandria.
Main Findings: In the survey among urban (Cairo) adolescent respondents, it was found that there were higher estimates among adolescents whose family-owned five (5) modern-day products namely desktop computers, cameras, air conditioners and motorcars. This finding is not surprising as urban dwellers have a higher income than rural folks which translated into the higher purchasing power of buying modern-day products. Urban adolescents’ families owned more than rural adolescents’ families in terms of modern-day products namely desktop computers, cameras, air-conditioners and motorcars except for handphones as there was almost no difference in terms of owning handphones for urban or rural adolescents’ families.
Implications: In addition, marketers are advised to consider placing advertisements on national television in their quest to reach out and promote their products and services to adolescents living in urban areas, as frequent watching of advertisements on television by adolescents in urban areas has a positive correlation with greater materialistic value.
Novelty: The importance of this study is that it has managed to present empirical evidence that television advertising has an influence on materialism and perceived level of wealth among adolescents in urban areas of Egypt.
Dificultades en el desarrollo de la Ley 100
Authors: Redondo Gómez Herman 
Published: May 2020

El desarrollo de la ley 100 de 1993 ha tropezado con un sinnúmero de dificultades como son su gran complejidad, su desconocimiento, aún por las personas que deben aplicarla, la no aplicación en la práctica de sus principios rectores y la incertidumbre de los prestadores del servicio, en particular del talento humano encargado de ejecutarla.
Reinach and Kantorowicz: Justice, Phenomenological Realism and the Free Law Movement
Authors: Baltzer-Jaray Kimberly 
Published: May 2020

Adolf Reinach met and befriended Hermann Kantorowicz in one of Lujo Brentano’s political economy seminars during the 1901/1902 academic year at the University of Munich. After Munich, Kantorowicz would go on to be a major contributor to the Free Law Movement (Freirechtsbewegung) in Germany and play an important role in the development of the sociology of law in the 20th century. Reinach encountered the work of Edmund Husserl while studying with Lipps and later became central to the phenomenological movement in Göttingen. But all the while he remained interested in and focused on issues related to justice. His last scholarly publication before leaving for battle in WWI, Die apriorischen Grundlagen des bürgerlichen Rechtes (The a priori Foundations of Civil Law, 1913) published in the very first edition of the Jahrbuch für Philosophie und phänomenologische Forschung (Yearbook for Philosophy and Phenomenological Research) is a testament to this. Here we see Reinach taking his phenomenological education and applying it to entities of justice. I believe Kantorowicz inspired this lasting interest in matters of justice.
This essay will focus on the influence of Kantorowicz on Reinach, and while doing so attempt to flesh out and contrast the ways in which these two men sought to overcome the problems of justice (Recht) of their time. Many of these problems still continue to be relevant today.