bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Returning the Rock and Protecting the Game: Austronesian Custom and Environmental Governance in Timor‐Leste
Authors: Rose Michael 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACTThis article explores how in Timor‐Leste the implementation of national law is shaped by local conditions. In Oecussi District, the ability of the state to regulate hunting is both constrained and enabled by the continuing importance of indigenous (meto) socio‐spiritual frameworks ontologically distinct from those assumed to be normative by both the State and outside actors. Through the case study of a public servant tasked with upholding these laws, I show how in Timor‐Leste the seeming stability of centralized control cloaks a more complex reality whereby the daily practice of governance emerges from the interaction of local perspectives on nature and governance with state authorized authority.
A review of the challenges, glycaemic risks and self‐care for people with type 1 diabetes when consuming alcoholic beverages
Authors: Charlton Jacqui , Gill Jan , Elliott Lawrie , Whittaker Anne , Farquharson Barbara , Strachan Mark 
Published: February 2020

AbstractEvidence‐based information for people with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) when consuming alcoholic beverages is sparse and simplistic. In clinical practice, erratic blood glucose levels with hypoglycaemia and hyperglycaemia are regularly observed, with episodes of severe hypoglycaemia being a potential risk. Preventative health behaviour strategies are often based on trial and error, with deliberately caused hyperglycaemia being a common tactic. Although important, there are no systematic reviews that synthesise the research evidence on the acute effects of alcohol on blood glucose and the impact in real‐life.We aimed to investigate the acute effect of alcoholic beverages on blood glucose, and to use appropriate evidence to recommend self‐care advice to help maintain safe glycaemic control in people with T1DM.A literature search from eight bibliographic databases was performed. Fifteen appropriate publications were identified. Most original research was performed in a laboratory environment and demonstrated inconsistencies in the effects of alcohol on blood glucose. Few studies were conducted in the real‐life environment, with advice from ‘diabetes associations’ focusing on abstinence rather than alcohol harm reduction strategies.In conclusion, key components to consider when designing future interventions include: the biochemical response to alcohol; the role of exogenous insulin; the presence and timing of carbohydrate foodstuffs in relation to alcohol; the impact of the constituents and amount of an alcoholic beverage consumed; and the effects of alcohol on cognition and behaviours.
1.73 eV AlGaAs/InGaP heterojunction solar cell grown by MBE with 18.7% efficiency
Authors: Ben Slimane Ahmed , Michaud Amadeo , Mauguin Olivia , Lafosse Xavier , Bercegol Adrien , Lombez Laurent , Harmand Jean‐Christophe , Collin Stéphane 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe report on AlGaAs‐based heterojunction solar cells grown by solid source molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). We investigate InGaP and AlGaAs material quality and we demonstrate significant efficiency improvements by combining the best of each alloy: a thick p‐AlGaAs base with tunable bandgap, and a thin 50 nm n‐InGaP emitter separated by a thin intrinsic AlGaAs layer. We report a certified solar cell conversion efficiency of 18.7% with a 2‐μm‐thick AlGaAs layer and a bandgap of 1.73 eV, suitable for high efficiency Si‐based tandem devices.
Targeted Identification of Protein Interactions in Eukaryotic mRNA Translation
Authors: Link Andrew J. , Niu Xinnan , Weaver Connie M. , Jennings Jennifer L. , Duncan Dexter T. , McAfee K. Jill , Sammons Morgan , Gerbasi Vince R. , Farley Adam R. , Fleischer Tracey C. , Browne Christopher M. , Samir Parimal , Galassie Allison , Boone Braden 
Published: February 2020

AbstractTo identify protein–protein interactions and phosphorylated amino acid sites in eukaryotic mRNA translation, replicate TAP‐MudPIT and control experiments are performed targeting Saccharomyces cerevisiae genes previously implicated in eukaryotic mRNA translation by their genetic and/or functional roles in translation initiation, elongation, termination, or interactions with ribosomal complexes. Replicate tandem affinity purifications of each targeted yeast TAP‐tagged mRNA translation protein coupled with multidimensional liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry analysis are used to identify and quantify copurifying proteins. To improve sensitivity and minimize spurious, nonspecific interactions, a novel cross‐validation approach is employed to identify the most statistically significant protein–protein interactions. Using experimental and computational strategies discussed herein, the previously described protein composition of the canonical eukaryotic mRNA translation initiation, elongation, and termination complexes is calculated. In addition, statistically significant unpublished protein interactions and phosphorylation sites for S. cerevisiae’s mRNA translation proteins and complexes are identified.
The FCR‐1: Initial validation of a single‐item measure of fear of cancer recurrence
Authors: Rudy Lauren , Maheu Christine , Körner Annett , Lebel Sophie , Gélinas Céline 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectiveFear of cancer recurrence (FCR) is characterized by the fear, worry or concern that cancer will come back or progress. The negative effects associated with FCR are consistently identified by cancer survivors as one of their most prominent unmet needs. Current measures of FCR can be long, complex and burdensome for survivors to complete. The objective of the present study is to develop and validate a one‐item measure of FCR.MethodsThe ability of the FCR‐1 to detect change in FCR over time was analyzed using a repeated‐measures ANOVA and paired‐samples t‐tests. Pearson correlations were used to measure the concurrent, convergent and discriminant validity of the FCR‐1, and a ROC analysis was conducted to determine an optimal clinical cut‐off score.ResultsThe FCR‐1 was found to be responsive to change in FCR over time. It demonstrated concurrent validity with the FCRI (r = .395, P = .010), and convergent validity with the Mishel Uncertainty in Illness Scale (r = .493, P = .001) and the Reassurance Questionnaire (r = .325, P = .044). Discriminant validity was confirmed when the FCR‐1 did not significantly correlate with unrelated measures. A ROC analysis pinpointed an optimal clinical cut‐off score of 45.0.ConclusionsThe FCR‐1 is a promising tool that can be incorporated in clinical and research settings. Due to its brevity, the care needs of highly distressed patients can be met quickly and efficiently. In research settings, the FCR‐1 can reduce the cognitive burden experienced by survivors.
Lung clearance index and steroid response in pediatric severe asthma
Authors: Irving Samantha , Fleming Louise , Ahmad Fatima , Biggart Elizabeth , Bingham Yvvone , Cook James , Hall Pippa , Jamalzadeh Angela , Nagakumar Prasad , Bossley Cara , Gupta Atul , Macleod Kenneth , Saglani Sejal , Bush Andrew 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIntroductionLung clearance index (LCI) is a measure of airway disease that has been shown to be abnormal in asthma. We hypothesized that LCI would be higher (worse) in children with severe therapy‐resistant asthma (STRA) compared with difficult asthma (DA) and healthy controls and that LCI would fall in response to parenteral steroids in STRA.MethodsSixty‐four children with asthma who were prescribed high‐dose asthma therapy (GINA steps 4 or 5) performed LCI and spirometry. Forty‐three had STRA and 21 DA. Thirty‐nine of forty‐three STRA patients attended for a clinically indicated bronchoscopy during which an intramuscular injection of triamcinolone was given. LCI, spirometry, and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) were performed on the day of the bronchoscopy and repeated 4 weeks later.ResultsLCI was more abnormal in STRA (median: 7.40, range: 5.58‐12.34) than in DA (6.55, 5.77‐7.75), P = .0006, and healthy controls (6.53, 5.57‐7.35), P = .005. In contrast to the first second forced expired volume (FEV1), LCI improved following systemic steroids; of 20 STRA patients with an abnormal LCI at baseline, 13 improved following triamcinolone. LCI and FeNO responses were concordant.ConclusionsThere is a subgroup of children with STRA in whom LCI is elevated who improve following parenteral steroids. LCI may be a valuable additional domain in assessing steroid response in pediatric asthma.
Remaining useful life prediction for multivariable stochastic degradation systems with non‐Markovian diffusion processes
Authors: Xi Xiaopeng , Zhou Donghua , Chen Maoyin , Balakrishnan Narayanaswamy , Zhang Hanwen 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMultivariable stochastic degradation system (MSDS) is quite common in industries such as blast furnace ironmaking, vehicle transportation, and aerospace manufacturing. Large‐scale complex equipments may be affected by multiple factors, resulting in not just a single deteriorating performance characteristic. It is difficult to handle unknown failure structures of practical systems by using traditional univariate degradation modeling methods. A novel health index (HI) is constructed to quantitatively analyze the health state for the overall system. Considering the interaction between internal reactions and external environments, the fractional Brownian motion (FBM), a typical non‐Markovian diffusion process, is added for the purpose of reflecting stochastic uncertainties and memory effects. Based on the wavelet estimators and the maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) algorithm, multi‐sensor observations of degradation variables are analyzed simultaneously to identify model parameters. A closed‐form distribution of system‐level remaining useful life (RUL) is obtained with a mild two‐layer approximation. Relevant case studies are then handled that adequately demonstrate the effectiveness and the practical utility of the proposed method.
A cost‐effectiveness analysis of robotic versus laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy
Authors: Vicente Emilio , Núñez‐Alfonsel Javier , Ielpo Benedetto , Ferri Valentina , Caruso Riccardo , Duran Hipolito , Diaz Eduardo , Malave Luis , Fabra Isabel , Pinna Eva , Isernia Roberta , Hidalgo Alvaro , Quijano Yolanda 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAimThere is no study in the literature that evaluates the cost‐effectiveness of robotic distal pancreatectomy (RDP) over laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy (LDP). We performed a comparative study of RDP and LDP with the aim of evaluating clinical and cost‐effective outcomes.Material and MethodsThis is an observational, comparative prospective nonrandomized study. The primary end point was to compare the cost‐effectiveness differences between both groups. A willingness to pay of €20 000 and €30 000 per quality‐adjusted life year (QALY) was used as a threshold to recognize which treatment was most cost‐effective.ResultsA total of 31 RDP and 28 LDP have been included. The overall mean total cost was similar in both groups (RDP: €9712.15 versus LDP: €9424.68; P > .5). Mean QALYs for RDP (0.652) was higher than that associated with LDP (0.59) (P > .5).ConclusionThis study seems to provide data of cost‐effectiveness between RDP and LDP approaches, showing some benefits for RDP.
A proposed framework for improved software requirements elicitation process in SCRUM: Implementation by a real‐life Norway‐based IT project
Authors: Saeeda Hina , Dong Junyu , Wang Yong , Abid Muhammmad Adil 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSoftware requirement engineering (SRE) is the initial stage of the software engineering process and entails several challenges relating to the identification, implementation, evolution, and management of requirements for the development of software systems that meet the desired functionality quality standards. Agile software development (ASD) is a well‐known software development process that follows a lightweight and adaptive methodology to support the incremental development of software systems. Since the ASD follows an adaptive procedure (ie, a flexible, nanostructured, and dynamic approach) of software development, it becomes challenging to perform SRE that follows a structured approach for managing software requirements throughout the life cycle of software development. The primary challenges for SRE, while pursuing an ASD, include, but are not limited to, identification of incomplete requirements, implementation of vague requirements, prioritization of secondary functional requirements, and compromise on users' involvement that negatively impacts the software system's functionality and quality. To overcome these challenges, some of the recent research efforts have focused on managing different phases of SRE during software development using the ASD. However, there is a lack of solutions that provide software engineers/practitioners with a solution. Besides, frameworks to effectively manage all the phases of SRE as per the needs of the ASD are needed. We propose a framework that unifies joint requirements document (JRD) and SCRUM to incrementally (a) identify, (b) implement, (c) evolve, and (d) manage system requirements throughout the software development cycle. We have used the action research method to qualitatively validate the proposed framework based on data and user requirements collected from a product‐focused (multinational) Norway‐based software company. The results of the validation are based on statistical analysis that reflects the usefulness of the proposed framework for SRE in ASD‐based software engineering and development. Future research is the possible application of a machine learning approach (es) in the intended context for agile requirements elicitations.
The Effect of Needle Tips Interval Distance in Ozone Generation Using Triple Needle‐Plane Electrodes
Authors: Okada Sho , Nakamura Kensuke , Sakamoto Kanae , Ueno Hideki 
Published: February 2020

Ozone has much attention in many industrial fields. To materialize higher ozone generation efficiency, it is necessary to elucidate the relationship between discharge characteristics for discharge electrode system and ozone generation concentration. To clarify the improvement of mechanism on the multiple needle‐to‐plane configurations, the discharge characteristics and ozone generation characteristics for a multiple needle electrode system with various needle tip distances have been investigated. In this experiment, the maximum ozone yield at needle tip interval of d = 0.5 mm was improved by the minimum discharge power, the local maximal at d = 0.5 mm of discharge volume and the same ozone generation compared with those for d = 0 mm and d = 1 mm. © 2020 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Recent advances in photoacoustic contrast agents for in vivo imaging
Authors: Upputuri Paul Kumar , Pramanik Manojit 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPhotoacoustic imaging (PAI) is a noninvasive hybrid imaging modality offering rich optical contrast and high depth‐to‐resolution ratio deep‐tissue imaging. Endogenous chromophores present in the body such as hemoglobin, lipid, melanin, and so on provide strong photoacoustic contrast due to their strong light absorption in certain optical window. To enhance the performance of PAI further, researchers have developed several exogenous contrast agents such as metallic nanoparticles, carbon‐based nanomaterials, quantum dots, organic small molecules, semiconducting polymer nanoparticles, and so on. These exogenous contrast agents not only help improving the imaging contrast, but also make targeted molecular imaging possible. In this review article, we first discuss the state‐of‐the‐art PAI techniques with endogenous contrast mechanism. Later, we provide an overview of recent progress in the development of exogenous photoacoustic contrast agents for in vivo imaging applications. Finally, we present the pros/cons of the existing PA contrast agents along with future challenges of contrast agent‐based PAI for biomedical applications.This article is categorized under:
Diagnostic Tools > Diagnostic Nanodevices
Diagnostic Tools > In Vivo Nanodiagnostics and Imaging
Non-integrability on AdS3 supergravity backgrounds
Authors: Filippas Kostas 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
We investigate classical integrability on two recently discovered classes of back- grounds in massive IIA supergravity. These vacua are of the form AdS3 × S2 × ℝ × CY2, they preserve small $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= (0, 4) supersymmetry and are associated with D8−D6−D4−D2 Hanany-Witten brane set-ups. We choose an appropriate string embedding and use differential Galois theory on its associated Hamiltonian system, intending to produce the conditions under which Liouvillian solutions may occur. By constraining the parameters of the system according to the consistency of the associate brane set-ups we prove that no such conditions exist, yielding the complete non-integrability of these vacua. That is, up to the trivial cases where the background reduces to the Abelian and non-Abelian T-dual of AdS3 × S3 × T4.
Electric-magnetic duality in the quantum double models of topological orders with gapped boundaries
Authors: Wang Hongyu , Li Yingcheng , Hu Yuting , Wan Yidun 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
We generalize the electric-magnetic (EM) duality in the quantum double (QD) models to the extended QD models of topological orders with gapped boundaries. We also map the extended QD models to the extended Levin-Wen (LW) models with gapped boundaries. To this end, we Fourier-transform and rewrite the extended QD model on a trivalent lattice with a boundary, where the bulk gauge group is a finite group G. Gapped boundary conditions of the model before the transformation are known to be characterized by the subgroups K ⊆ G supplying the boundary degrees of freedom. We find that after the transformation, the boundary conditions are then characterized by the Frobenius algebras AG,K in RepG. An AG,K is the dual space of the quotient of the group algebra of G over that of K , and RepG is the category of the representations of G. The EM duality on the boundary is revealed by mapping the K ’s to AG,K ’s. We also show that our transformed extended QD model can be mapped to an extended LW model on the same lattice via enlarging the Hilbert space of the latter. Moreover, our transformed extended QD model elucidates the phenomenon of anyon splitting in anyon condensation.
Amenities and the geography of innovation: evidence from Chinese cities
Authors: Zhang Min , Partridge Mark D. , Song Huasheng 
Published: February 2020

AbstractStudies in the regional innovation literature have largely focused on the role of economic, structural, demographic, and institutional factors, but very few studies shed light on the role of amenities. This paper investigates this question by examining how amenities shape the geography of innovation in China. The empirical results based on city-level data suggest that both natural and consumer amenities are positively associated with regional innovation. Specifically, amenities related to air quality, sunshine, public transportation, educational resources, and healthcare services matter most. Further, the analysis suggests the influence of amenities on innovation is closely linked to city characteristics such as income, density, and human capital. Therefore, to formulate innovation-driven growth, these results suggest that more attention should be paid to the role of amenities and amenity-related strategies should be tailored to city characteristics.
Adult Presentations of Congenital Midgut Malrotation: A Systematic Review
Authors: Neville Jonathan J. , Gallagher Jack , Mitra Anuja , Sheth Hemant 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundAdult midgut malrotation is a rare cause of an acute abdomen requiring urgent intervention. It may also present in the non‐acute setting with chronic, non‐specific symptoms. The objective of this study is to identify the clinical features, appropriate investigations and current surgical management associated with adult malrotation.MethodsA systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines, identifying confirmed cases of adult malrotation. Patient demographics, clinical features, investigation findings and operative details were analysed.ResultsForty‐five reports met the inclusion criteria, totalling 194 cases. Mean age was 38.9 years (n = 92), and 52.3% were male (n = 130). The commonest presenting complaints were abdominal pain (76.8%), vomiting (35.1%) and food intolerance (21.6%). At least one chronic symptom was reported in 87.6% and included intermittent abdominal pain (41.2%), vomiting (12.4%) and obstipation (11.9%). Computerised tomography scanning was the most frequent imaging modality (81.4%), with a sensitivity of 97.5%. The whirlpool sign was observed in 30.9%; abnormalities of the superior mesenteric axis were the commonest finding (58.0%). Ladd's procedure was the most common surgical intervention (74.5%). There was no significant difference in resolution rates between emergency and elective procedures (p = 0.46), but length of stay was significantly shorter for elective cases. (p = 0.009). There was no significant difference in risk of mortality, or symptom resolution, between operative and conservative management (p = 0.14 and p = 0.44, respectively).ConclusionMalrotation in the adult manifests with chronic symptoms and should be considered as a differential diagnosis in patients with abdominal pain, vomiting and food intolerance.