bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of adenoidectomy or adenotonsillectomy on paediatric quality of life using obstructive sleep apnoea - 18 questionnaire
Authors: Bamaniya Hemendra , Mobarsa Veena , Bhuie H. S. , Saxena Rajiv Kumar 
Published: April 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Recurrent adeno-tonsillitis can lead to problems of secretory otitis media/OSA/sinusitis and thus adenotonsillectomy is one of the most frequent done surgery in children. The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of adenoidectomy or adenotonsillectomy on the quality of life of children using obstructive sleep apnoea- 18 score.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A prospective study was conducted in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery at Ananta Institute of Medical Science, Rajsamand between January 2017 to December 2019. A total of 60 patients of age group 4 to 15 years were included in study who were undergoing adenoidectomy or adenotonsillectomy. All patients were evaluated by using ‘obstructive sleep apnea - 18’ (OSA-18) preoperatively and 6 months post- operative period for impact on quality of life on children after surgery. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> 60 children with a mean age of 8.6 years were evaluated. The most frequent indication for surgery was recurrent adeno-tonsillitis and obstructive sleep apnoea for adenoid hypertrophy. The total mean score of initial OSA-18 was 85.34, following surgery at 6 months, the total mean score was reduced to 31.23 (p value &lt;0.001). Similarly, there was reduction in mean score of individual domains after surgery which was statically significant (p&lt;0.001).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Our study concludes that on evaluation of children with adenoid hypertrophy using OSA-18 pre-operative and 6 months post-operative period, showed adenoidectomy or adenotonsillectomy has positive impact on paediatric quality of life.</p>
Teaching information literacy to 11-16-year-old teenage members of public libraries of Tehran 1st region
Authors: Mirzakhani Kiarash , Dashti Anahita 
Published: April 2020

Teaching information literacy is a new important issue, which has received lots of attention from most organizations and different institutions of Iran. Public libraries in different countries of the world have also paid attention to this important issue. The aim of this research is to teach information literacy to 11-16-year-old teenage members of public libraries of Tehran 1st region. This is a descriptive study conducted using survey method. The statistical population of the research consisted of teenage members (11-16 years old) of Shahid Bahonar public library, who are more than 500 individuals. Using Morgan table, research sample size was calculated to be 217. Data were collected using researcher-made questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics. Research findings showed that the information literacy skills of 11-16-year-old teenage members of public libraries of Tehran 1st region (3.38) are higher than average (3) and the role of information literacy in teaching information literacy to teenagers (2.5) is lower than average (3).
Yoğun Bakım Ünitesinde Mortalite Sıklığı ve Risk Faktörlerinin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ÇAKIR Esra , KOCABEYOĞLU Gül Meral , GÜRBÜZ Özlem , BALTACI ÖZEN Sevil , MUTLU Nevzat Mehmet , ÖZKOÇAK TURAN İşil 
Published: April 2020

AMAÇ: Ulusal ve uluslararası yoğun bakım
ünitelerindeki (YBÜ) mortalite oranları en güvenilir performans göstergesidir.
Ancak, Ulusal açıdan geniş kapsamlı mortalite verilerine sahip değiliz.
Çalışmamızda, YBÜ’mize yatan hastaların mortalite oranları ve risk faktörlerinin
belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.

GEREÇ VE YÖNTEMLER: 1 Ağustos 2017 ile 31 Aralık 2018
tarihleri arasında 18 yaşından büyük Anestezi ve Reanimasyon YBÜ’mize yatan tüm
hastalar çalışmamıza dahil edildi.
Hastaların yatış anında yaşları, cinsiyetleri, yatış nedenleri (organ
sistemleri, travma, zehirlenme, enfeksiyon gibi), kabul edilen servis (acil
veya diğer yataklı servisler), komorbid hastalık, yatış süreleri ve
mortaliteleri kayıt edildi.

BULGULAR: Çalışmamıza 757 hasta çalışmaya dahil
edildi. Toplam mortalite oranı %34,7 olarak bulundu. En yüksek yatış oranı
nörolojik sistem nedenli (%27,6) ve en yüksek mortalite oranı (%47,8)
kardiyovasküler nedenli olarak bulundu. Erkek cinsiyette mortalite oranı kadın
cinsiyetten anlamlı düşük (%45,2 v.s. %60,9) bulundu (p&lt;0,001). Mortalite
olan hastalarda ortalama yaş (70,1±16,8 yıl) ve komorbid hastalık oranı (%95,1)
yaşayanlarda ortalama yaş (66,5±14,9 yıl) ve komorbid hastalık (%83,3) anlamlı
yüksek bulundu (sırasıyla, p=0,023, p=0,035).

SONUÇ: Çeşitli hastalık gruplarını takip eden
YBÜ’mizde mortalite oranları diğer ünitelerin verileri ile benzer bulunmuştur.
Her ünitenin kendi mortalite verilerini değerlendirmesi hastane performansı ve
hasta bakım kalitesini artırmak için yapması gerekmektedir.
YÜKSEK RAKIMDA YAŞAYAN BEHÇET HASTALARINDA HEMOTOKRİT YÜKSEKLİĞİNİN VASKÜLER TUTULUMA ETKİSİ
Authors: KÜÇÜK Hamit , KUDAŞ Özlem 
Published: April 2020

Amaç: Behçet hastalığı tanısıyla izlenen hastalarda deniz seviyesinden 1890 m de yaşamanın vasküler tutulum ve trombüs ile ilişkisi incelendi.
Materyal ve Metod: Yüksek akımda yaşamakta olan (ortalama 1890 metre) bir eğitim araştırma hastanesinde takip edilen Behçet hastalığı tanısı konulmuş olan hastalar ile ve 890 metrede yaşayan Behçet hastasının vasküler patoloji ve trombüs açısından klinik ve demografik verileri retrospektif olarak karşılaştırıldı.
Bulgular: Her iki grubunda yaş ortalaması ve cinsiyet dağılımı açısından istatiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark yoktu. Vasküler tutulum ve tromboembolik olaylar açısından her iki grupta benzer tutulum gözlendi.
Sonuç: Yüksek rakım nedeniyle oluşmuş olan hemotokrit yüksekliği Behçet hastalarında vaskuler tutulum ve trombus için ilave bir risk oluşturmamaktadır.
Pyruvate anaplerosis is a mechanism of resistance to pharmacological glutaminase inhibition in Triple-receptor Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Singleton Dean C , Dechaume Anne-Lise , Murray Pamela M , Katt William P , Baguley Bruce C , Leung Euphemia Y 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background Glutamine serves as an important nutrient with many cancer types displaying glutamine dependence. Following cellular uptake glutamine is converted to glutamate in a reaction catalysed by mitochondrial glutaminase. This glutamate has many uses, including acting as an anaplerotic substrate ( via alpha-ketoglutarate) to replenish TCA cycle intermediates. CB-839 is a potent, selective, orally bioavailable glutaminase inhibitor that has activity in Triple receptor-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) cell lines and evidence of efficacy in advanced TNBC patients. Methods A panel of eleven breast cancer cell lines was used to investigate the anti-proliferative effects of the glutaminase inhibitors CB-839 and BPTES in different types of culture medium, with or without additional pyruvate supplementation. The abundance of the TCA cycle intermediate fumarate was quantified as a measure if TCA cycle anaplerosis. Pyruvate secretion by TNBC cultures was then assessed with or without AZD3965, a monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) inhibitor. Finally, two dimensional (2D) monolayer and three dimensional (3D) spheroid assays were used to compare the effect of microenvironmental growth conditions on CB-839 activity. Results The anti-proliferative activity of CB-839 in a panel of breast cancer cell lines was similar to published reports, but with a major caveat; growth inhibition by CB-839 was strongly attenuated in culture medium containing pyruvate. This pyruvate-dependent attenuation was also observed with a related glutaminase inhibitor, BPTES. Studies demonstrated that exogenous pyruvate acted as an anaplerotic substrate preventing the decrease of fumarate in CB-839-treated conditions. Furthermore, endogenously produced pyruvate secreted by TNBC cell lines was able to act in a paracrine manner to significantly decrease the sensitivity of recipient cells to glutaminase inhibition. Suppression of pyruvate secretion using the MCT1 inhibitor AZD3965, antagonised this paracrine effect and increased CB-839 activity. Finally, CB-839 activity was significantly compromised in 3D compared with 2D TNBC culture models, suggesting that 3D microenvironmental features impair glutaminase inhibitor responsiveness. Conclusion This study highlights the potential influence that both circulating and tumour-derived pyruvate can have on glutaminase inhibitor efficacy. Furthermore, it highlights the benefits of 3D spheroid cultures to model the features of the tumour microenvironment and improve the in vitro investigation of cancer metabolism-targeted therapeutics.
Many-Persons-To-1-Test-Kit Infectious Disease Screening—Abridged Version
Authors: Tay Hiok Nam 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
COVID-19 has forced many cities and countries to restrict commerce and movement of people, causing unprecedented loss of economy. Protracted lockdown may become unavoidable as health authorities have no means to isolate all infected individuals because existing testing capacities are very small compared with entire populations.We propose here a new screening methodology that greatly expands the size of the screened cohort beyond given testing capacity. This is an abridged version of the full multiplier grid (MG) methodology paper.With expanded screening cohort size, entire highrise residential complex can be screened 20X faster, and the same test capacity can screen 20X as many residential complexes. The same methodology can be applied to factories, villages, towns, university campuses, office towers, cruise ships, etc. The exact multiplier varies between target populations and can be larger.
Primiparous Women’s Experiences of Normal Vaginal Delivery in Iran: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Khamehchian Marzieh , Adib-Hajbaghery Mohsen , HeydariKhayat Nastaran , Rezaei Mahboubeh , Sabery Mahdieh 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Childbirth is considered as the most challenging psychological event in a woman's life. It has a major effect on women’s lives with long-term positive or negative impacts. Cultural, religious, and socioeconomic differences can affect women’s perception about normal vaginal delivery (NVD) experience. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the primiparous women's perception about it.Methods: This qualitative study, with a descriptive content analysis approach, was conducted in Kashan, a city in the center of Iran. Purposive sampling was used to recruit the participants of the current study. Data was gathered by semi-structured interviews during 24 hours after normal vaginal birth among primiparous women. The sampling started from June to October in 2016. Interviews continued until data saturation which was achieved in the 14th interview but for assurance, it continued until the 17th one. Results: The following three main themes were extracted "immersion in stress", "pain, the essence of NVD" and "strategies for situation management". Furthermore, seven subthemes were obtained including 'loss threat’, ‘stressful context', temporary impairment in physiologic harmony, paradoxical emotions, self-management, emotional support, and spiritual support. Conclusions: This study showed that stress and pain were two highlighted issues in NVD process. Increasing women's awareness about NVD process, familiarizing the primiparous women with the simulated delivery room, accompanying these women for emotional support, and providing spiritual support can be effective in situation management to make the child delivery a pleasant and satisfying experience.
Evaluation of commercial veterinary probiotics containing enterococci for transferrable vancomycin resistance genes
Authors: Berreta Ana , Baumgardner Rachel M , Kopper Jamie Jennifer 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Objective
Vancomycin resistant enterococci (VRE) are of significant public health concern. The identification of VRE in livestock and food has increased. The objective of this study was to determine if the transferrable vancomycin resistance genes vanA and vanB were present in probiotics marketed for use in animals that claimed to contain Enterococcus spp.
Results
Of the 40 products selected, Enterococcus spp. DNA was successfully extracted from 36 products. Of these 36 products with enterococcal DNA, 2 (6%) had a PCR product consistent with vanA which was confirmed by sequencing. None of the products appeared to contain vanB.
Effect of functional food ingredients on gut microbiota in a rodent diabetes model
Authors: Surono Ingrid S. , Wardana Ata Aditya , Waspodo Priyo , Saksono Budi , Verhoeven Jessica , Venema Koen 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: The gut microbiota has been shown to be involved in the development and severity of type 2 diabetes (T2D). The aim of the present study was to test the effect of 4-week functional food ingredient feeding, alone or in combination, on the gut microbiota composition in diabetic rats.Methods: Streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetic rats were treated for 4 weeks with i) native taro starch, ii) modified taro-starch, iii) beet juice, iv) psicose, v) the probiotic L.plantarum IS-10506, vi) native starch combined with beet juice, vii) native starch to which beet juice was adsorbed, viii) modified starch combined with beet juice or ix) modified starch to which beet juice was adsorbed, to modulate the composition of the gut microbiota. This composition was evaluated by sequencing the PCR amplified V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene.Results: The next-generation sequencing showed beneficial effects particularly of taro-starch feeding. Operational taxonomic units (OTUs) related to health (e.g. correlating with low BMI, OTUs producing butyrate) were increased in relative abundance, while OTUs generally correlated with disease (e.g. Proteobacteria) were decreased by feeding taro-starch.Conclusion: The results of study show that a 4-week intervention with functional food ingredients, particularly taro-derived starch, leads to a more healthy gut microbiota in rats that were induced to be diabetic by induction with STZ.
Relationship Between Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC) Index, Body Composition and Blood Biochemical Markers in Overweight /Obese Compared to Normal Weight Subjects
Authors: Madani Zahra , Javardi Maryam Moussavi , Djazayery Abolghassem , Karandish Majid , Movahedi Ariyo 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background and aim: Obesity is an important preventable disease, which promotes the development of multiple chronic disorders by altering several factors including oxidative stress. Dietary antioxidants protect the body against oxidative stress. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential association of oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) index with obesity and its associated biochemical factors in adults. Methods: The present study was a cross-sectional study of 157 adult females and males in two groups of normal weight and overweight /obesity. General characteristics were registered and a 147-item food frequency questionnaire was completed for every participant. Thereafter, anthropometric measurements were conducted. Biochemical indices were obtained from the Electronic Health Clinic Database of science and Research branch of Islamic Azad University (SRBIAU) of Tehran, Iran. The amount of the dietary ORAC index was estimated using the data provided by the USDA Foods Table. Results: The results showed that there was a significant difference between the normal and overweight/obese groups in terms of weight, body mass index (BMI), waist to hip ratio (WHR), visceral fat level, body fat mass and body fat percentage (P=0.0001). Participants with normal weight consumed more fruits and vegetables than individuals in another group. Also, the dietary ORAC index in normal individuals was higher than the case group, but there was not significant difference (P=0.222). There was also a significant inverse correlation between dietary ORAC and BMI and WHR, whereas a significant positive correlation between dietary ORAC and plasma levels of HDL was observed (P<0.05). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that consumption of antioxidants from dietary sources is inversely associated with BMI and other measurements of adiposity, fasting blood glucose (FBG), triglyceride (TG), total Cholesterol (TC) and LDL in both groups. It seems that following a diet rich in antioxidants can counteract obesity and its associated comorbidities.
ICON: A randomized phase IIb study evaluating immunogenic chemotherapy combined with ipilimumab and nivolumab in patients with metastatic hormone receptor positive breast cancer
Authors: Kyte Jon Amund , Andresen NK , Russnes HG , Fretland Signe Øien , Falk RS , Lingjærde OC , Naume B 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors (CI) targeting PD-1 or CTLA-4 has emerged as an important treatment modality for several cancer forms. In hormone receptor positive breast cancer (HR+ BC), this therapeutic approach is largely unexplored. We have started a clinical trial, ICON (CA209-9FN), evaluating CI combined with selected chemotherapy in patients with metastatic HR+ BC. The tumor lymphocyte infiltration is predictive for the effect of chemotherapy in BC. In ICON, we use antracyclins, which are considered as “immunogenic” chemotherapy, and low-dose cyclophosphamide, which has been reported to counter immunosuppressive cells. Methods: ICON is a randomized exploratory phase IIb study evaluating the safety and efficacy of combining nivolumab (nivo; anti-PD-1) and ipilimumab (ipi; anti-CTLA-4) with chemotherapy in subjects with metastatic HR+ BC. Primary objectives are aassessment of toxicity and progression-free survival.The trial will enrol 75 evaluable subjects, randomized 2:3 into two arms (A:B). Patients in Arm A receive only chemotherapy, i.e. pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD 20mg/m2 intravenously every 2nd week) + cyclophosphamide (cyclo; 50 mg per day, first 2 weeks in each 4 week cycle). Patients in Arm B receive PLD + cyclo + ipilimumab (1mg intravenously every 6th week) + nivolumab (240mg intravenously every 2nd week). Patients in arm A will be offered ipi+nivo after disease progression. Discussion: ICON is among the first clinical trials combining chemotherapy with PD-1 and CTLA-4 blockade, and the first in BC. There is a strong preclinical rationale for exploring if antracyclins, which are considered to induce immunogenic cell death, synergize with CI, and for combining PD-1 and CTLA-4 blockade, as these checkpoints are important in different phases of the immune response. If the ICON trial suggests acceptable safety and provide a signal of clinical efficacy, further studies are warranted. The sub-cohort from Arm A receiving ipilimumab/nivolumab without concomitant chemotherapy represents the first BC cohort receiving this therapy. The ICON trial includes a series of translational sub-projects addressing clinically important knowledge gaps. These studies may uncover biomarkers or mechanisms of efficacy and resistance, thereby informing the development of novel combinatory regimes and of personalised biomarker-based therapy. Trial registration: NCT03409198, Jan 24th 2018; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/record/NCT03409198
Sedimentary system and coal seam distribution in the coal-bearing sequence stratigraphic framework in the Paleogene Meihe Formation (Meihe Basin, NE China)
Authors: Bai Yueyue , Lv Qingtian , Liu Zhaojun , Sun Pingchang , Liu Rong , Hu Xiaofeng , Wang Jianpeng , Yao Shuqing 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The Meihe Basin is one of the important Paleogene coal-bearing fault basins of northeastern China in the Dunhua-Mishan Fault Zone. The Lower Coal-bearing Member and the Upper Coal-bearing Member are the primary layers studied. Through field observation, core description and observation under microscope, fan delta facies and lake facies are observed as the main sedimentary facies of the coal-bearing layers, and subfacies of fan delta plain, fan delta front, shallow lake and swamp have also been recognized. Coal seams primarily accumulated in the subfacies of swamp and fan delta plain. The study on sequence stratigraphy is based on outcrop section, well-log analysis, core observation and geochemical analysis. From the Lower Coal-bearing Member to the Upper Coal-bearing Member, three third-order sequences have been recognized; the Lower Coal-bearing Member developed in Sequence I and the Upper Coal-bearing Member developed in Sequence III, both sequences have developed the lowstand systems tract (LST), the transgressive systems tract (TST) and the highstand systems tract (HST). Single-factor analysis and the multifactor comprehensive mapping method have been used to rebuild the lithofacies palaeogeography of each system tract in Sequence I and Sequence III. Through analysis of contour maps of total stratum thickness, sandstone thickness and sand content, as well as contour maps of thicknesses and numbers of layers of coal seams, the results indicate that the sedimentary environments and coal seam distributions are variable in different system tracts. Coal types accumulating in the swamp facies are primarily developed in the transgressive systems tract (TST) and the highstand systems tract (HST) of Sequence I with a wide range of continuous and large thicknesses and may be mined commercially. Both the balanced accommodation growth rate with peat accumulation rate and little or no influence from sediment supply and channel migration promote to form the stable coal accumulating environments.
Incidentally detected pancake kidney:case report of&nbsp;an extremely rare congenital anomaly.
Authors: Bakshi Sabyasachi 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background:Congenital anomalies of urinary system are very common and have extremely varied presentation. Among them most rarely found structural anomaly is the pancake kidney. When both kidneys are fused along their medial surfaces to form a round shaped single renal mass is termed as Pancake kidney. In this case report, a pancake kidney was incidentally detected in a girl. The majority of subjects who have pancake kidney are usually symptom less but surgeons should be aware of coexisting malformation of other organs and its potential risk of developing malignancy.Case presentation:A 12-year-old young lady attended out-patient department with mild dull aching lower abdominal pain and dysuria. She had no history of fever, haematuria, menstrual abnormality, pelvic inflammatory disease or trauma. Urine examination showed traces of albumin and 10-12 pus cells/ HPF. She had normal kidney function test and digital X-ray of KUB region. A USG of the whole abdomen showed normal intra-abdominal organs except empty bilateral renal fossa. The Multi-Detector Computed Tomography(MDCT) scan of the whole abdomen revealed one round shaped mass measuring approximately 9 cm(vertical) X 10 cm(horizontal), in the pelvic cavity. That mass was finally identified as a pancake kidney. She was prescribed antibiotics based on urine culture, and sensitivity test that cured her symptoms. She was advised to follow-up regularly in Out-Patient Department to evaluate her kidney function and to rule out any neoplastic change.Conclusions: This condition can be managed conservatively, if the subject remains symptom less, by regular monitoring of renal function. Surgeon should remain alert for the development of infections, any obstructive manifestations leading to calculus formation and any malignant changes. The person should be careful in avoiding trauma to low-lying pelvic kidney. Extensive surgeries should be avoided and only selective procedures should be done so that the patient may lead a normal lifestyle.