bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tattoos, Lifestyle, and the Labor Market
Authors: Dillingh Rik , Kooreman Peter , Potters Jan 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn this study, we look at the factors determining the decision to get a tattoo and relate this to several outcome measures, such as income, employment status, and health. The analyses are based on unique panel data of a representative sample of Dutch individuals. The tattooed population differs significantly from the non‐tattooed population on a wide range of characteristics. We use fixed effects and instrumental variable analysis to explore the effects of tattoos. Our analyses suggest less favorable outcomes for people with (very visible) tattoos, though especially in the case of the labor market, the relationships are relatively weak.
The Late Ordovician (Sandbian) Glasford structure: A marine‐target impact crater with a possible connection to the Ordovician meteorite event
Authors: Monson Charles C. , Sweet Dustin , Segvic Branimir , Zanoni Giovanni , Balling Kyle , Wittmer Jacalyn M. , Ganis G. Robert , Cheng Guo 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe Glasford structure in Illinois (USA) was recognized as a buried impact crater in the early 1960s but has never been reassessed in light of recent advances in planetary science. Here, we document shatter cones and previously unknown quartz microdeformation features that support an impact origin for the Glasford structure. We identify the 4 km wide structure as a complex buried impact crater and describe syn‐ and postimpact deposits from its annular trough. We have informally designated these deposits as the Kingston Mines unit (KM). The fossils and sedimentology of theKMindicate a marine depositional setting. The various intervals within theKMconstitute a succession of breccia, carbonate, sandstone, and shale similar to marine sedimentary successions preserved in other craters. Graptolite specimens retrieved from theKMplace the time of deposition at approximately 455 ± 2 Ma (Late Ordovician, Sandbian). This age determination suggests a possible link between the Glasford impact and the Ordovician meteorite shower, an increase in the rate of terrestrial meteorite impacts attributed to the breakup of the L‐chondrite parent body in the main asteroid belt.
Bacteriophage MS2 displays unreported capsid variability assembling T = 4 and mixed capsids
Authors: de Martín Garrido Natàlia , Crone Michael A. , Ramlaul Kailash , Simpson Paul A. , Freemont Paul S. , Aylett Christopher H. S. 
Published: October 2019

SummaryBacteriophage MS2 is a positive‐sense, single‐stranded RNA virus encapsulated in an asymmetric T = 3 pseudo‐icosahedral capsid. It infects Escherichia coli through the F‐pilus, in which it binds through a maturation protein incorporated into its capsid. Cryogenic electron microscopy has previously shown that its genome is highly ordered within virions, and that it regulates the assembly process of the capsid. In this study, we have assembled recombinant MS2 capsids with non‐genomic RNA containing the capsid incorporation sequence, and investigated the structures formed, revealing that T = 3, T = 4 and mixed capsids between these two triangulation numbers are generated, and resolving structures of T = 3 and T = 4 capsids to 4 Å and 6 Å respectively. We conclude that the basic MS2 capsid can form a mix of T = 3 and T = 4 structures, supporting a role for the ordered genome in favouring the formation of functional T = 3 virions.
Regulatory changes in TaSNAC8‐6A are associated with drought tolerance in wheat seedlings
Authors: Mao Hude , Li Shumin , Wang Zhongxue , Cheng Xinxiu , Li Fangfang , Mei Fangming , Chen Nan , Kang Zhensheng 
Published: October 2019

SummaryWheat is a staple crop produced in arid and semi‐arid areas worldwide, and its production is frequently compromised by water scarcity. Thus, increased drought tolerance is a priority objective for wheat breeding programmes, and among their targets, the NAC transcription factors have been demonstrated to contribute to plant drought response. However, natural sequence variations in these genes have been largely unexplored for their potential roles in drought tolerance. Here, we conducted a candidate gene association analysis of the stress‐responsive NAC gene subfamily in a wheat panel consisting of 700 varieties collected worldwide. We identified a drought responsive gene, TaSNAC8‐6A, that is tightly associated with drought tolerance in wheat seedlings. Further analysis found that a favourable allele TaSNAC8‐6AIn‐313, carrying an insertion in the ABRE promoter motif, is targeted by TaABFs and confers enhanced drought‐inducible expression of TaSNAC8‐6A in drought‐tolerant genotypes. Transgenic wheat and Arabidopsis TaSNAC8‐6A overexpression lines exhibited enhanced drought tolerance through induction of auxin‐ and drought‐response pathways, confirmed by transcriptomic analysis, that stimulated lateral root development, subsequently improving water‐use efficiency. Taken together, our findings reveal that natural variation in TaSNAC8‐6A and specifically the TaSNAC8‐6AIn‐313 allele strongly contribute to wheat drought tolerance and thus represent a valuable genetic resource for improvement of drought‐tolerant germplasm for wheat production.
Impact of active antibody‐mediated rejection treatment on donor‐specific antibodies in pediatric kidney transplant recipients
Authors: Kincaide Elisabeth , Hitchman Kelley , Hall Reed , Yamaguchi Ikuyo , Ding Yanli , Crowther Barrett 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAMR is a major cause of graft loss after kidney transplantation. We evaluated a retrospective cohort of 13 pediatric kidney transplant patients diagnosed with active AMR. All 13 patients were treated with plasmapheresis (PP), IVIg, and rituximab. Anti‐HLA DSAs were measured at the time of transplantation, AMR diagnosis, 30 days post‐rejection treatment, 90 days post‐rejection treatment, and 24 ± 12 months post‐AMR. A total of 68 DSAs were identified from 13 patients at the time of active AMR diagnosis. The primary objective of this study was to differentiate treatment response rates between class I and class II anti‐HLA DSA post‐AMR treatment. Overall, DSAs were significantly reduced at 30 days, and the reduction was sustained at 90 days post‐treatment, even for class II anti‐HLA and strongly positive DSAs. A significant difference between class I and class II anti‐HLA DSA was observed at 30 days; however, between class significance was lost at 90‐day follow‐up due to continued class II anti‐HLA DSA treatment response. Low DSA strength was predictive of treatment response. eGFR demonstrated significant improvement 90 days after AMR diagnosis compared to the initial value at the time of AMR, and the effect was sustained for 12 months. These results suggest that the AMR treatment is effective in pediatric kidney transplant recipients with an early diagnosis of active AMR across both class I and class II anti‐HLA DSAs.
Antibody response to vaccination after haematopoietic cell transplantation in children using a reduced dose schedule—A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Jensen Lotte , Poulsen Anja , Nygaard Ulrikka , Scheike Thomas , Riis Margit Schilling , Pedersen Freddy Karup , Heilmann Carsten 
Published: October 2019

AbstractChildren receiving HCT loose protective immunity to vaccines received pre‐HCT. Therefore, revaccination post‐HCT is of major importance. In Denmark, a vaccination schedule with fewer doses post‐HCT has been used, including two doses for diphtheria, tetanus, polio, measles, mumps, and rubella, and one dose only for Haemophilus influenzae type B. The background for this was the presumption that post‐HCT immunization constituted booster vaccination of donor immunity. Our objective was to evaluate the proportion of children protected after the scheduled vaccination programme. A nationwide retrospective cohort study of all children who have received an HCT in Denmark during 1994‐2012. Antibody levels were analysed in blood samples drawn before and after vaccination, and the probability of achieving protection after the scheduled immunization programme was estimated. A total of 198 children were included. The protection post‐immunization was as follows: diphtheria 75.3%, tetanus 89.1%, polio 97.7%, and Haemophilus influenzae type B 94.8%. For diphtheria and tetanus, the probability of achieving protection increased to 93.8% and 97.3%, respectively, after a third dose. For measles, mumps, and rubella, the probability of achieving protection was 89.4%, 80.9%, and 94.2%, respectively. In conclusion, our findings support a more extensive vaccination schedule including three doses for diphtheria and tetanus which are in line with current international guidelines.
Comparative evaluation of DNA integrity using sperm chromatin structure assay and Sperm‐Ovis‐Halomax during in vitro capacitation of cryopreserved ram spermatozoa
Authors: Peris‐Frau Patricia , Álvarez‐Rodríguez Manuel , Martín‐Maestro Alicia , Iniesta‐Cuerda María , Sánchez‐Ajofrín Irene , Garde José Julián , Rodriguez‐Martinez Heriberto , Soler Ana Josefa 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis study aimed to compare the ability of sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA®) and Sperm‐Ovis‐Halomax® to detect DNA fragmentation in frozen‐thawed ram spermatozoa incubated under capacitating conditions in synthetic oviductal fluid (SOF) supplemented with oestrous sheep serum (SOF‐ESS) at multiple time points (0–240 min). Incubation in SOF‐ESS had no significant effects on SCSA® parameters while the percentage of spermatozoa with fragmented DNA measured by Sperm‐Ovis‐Halomax® increased after 180 min of incubation. In addition, no correlation or agreement was found between the techniques, suggesting that SCSA® and Sperm‐Ovis‐Halomax® may quantify different types of DNA damage in ram spermatozoa under these experimental conditions.
Provenance discrimination of fine sediments by mid‐infrared spectroscopy: Calibration and application to fluvial palaeo‐environmental reconstruction
Authors: Chapkanski Stoil , Ertlen Damien , Rambeau Claire , Schmitt Laurent 
Published: October 2019

AbstractDetermining sediment provenance allows a better understanding of fluvial palaeo‐dynamics, and identifying involved watersheds, at broad spatio‐temporal scales. Conventional approaches for source identification are usually based on the physical, mineralogical, geochemical, magnetic or isotopic properties of sediments. Rapid, non‐destructive and, in well‐established contexts, highly accurate, mid‐infrared spectroscopy is an alternative method for investigating sediment sources. The present research objectives are: (i) to use the mid‐infrared spectroscopy method to discriminate the provenance of fine sediments, by applying discriminant analysis on a large set of reference samples from three different watersheds in the Upper Rhine area (associated with the Rhine, Ill and Vosges tributaries); (ii) to clarify whether the provenance spectra signatures are influenced by riverine depositional contexts (bars versus banks) and, to some extent, by grain size and/or high organic matter content; and (iii) to apply the mid‐infrared spectroscopy – discriminant analysis method to a study of fluvial palaeo‐dynamics and determine the provenance of palaeo‐channel infillings. Three main sedimentary sources, divided into eight sub‐categories, have been characterized by 196 modern reference samples from 78 collecting sites. Discriminant analysis displayed a strong separating power by classifying correctly the origin of samples without any inter‐group overlap, independently from the geomorphological context (bar or bank) and associated slight changes in organic matter contents or grain size. Mid‐infrared spectroscopy – discriminant analysis investigations of the palaeo‐channel infill, complemented by radiocarbon dates and mineralogical data, allowed reconstructing general trends for the local morpho‐sedimentary dynamics over the last ca 12 millennia.
Thawing times and hemostatic assessment of fresh frozen plasma thawed at 37°C and 45°C using water‐bath methods
Authors: Platton Sean , Elegbe Oluwatola , Bower Lucy , Cardigan Rebecca , Lancut Julia , McCullagh Josephine , Green Laura 
Published: October 2019

BACKGROUNDThe Barkey Plasmatherm (BP; Barkey GmbH & Co. KG) can thaw plasma at 37°C and 45°C. No studies have assessed thawing times or hemostatic qualities of plasma thawed at 45°C with BP. This study assessed fresh frozen plasma (FFP) thawing times with use of BP at 37°C and 45°C and Thermogenesis ThermoLine (TT; Helmer Scientific) at 37°C and compared the hemostatic quality of LG‐Octaplas (Octapharma) with use of BP at 37°C and 45°C with TT at 37°C.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSThe thawing time of FFP (pairs or fours) was assessed using BP at 37°C and 45°C (not prewarmed and prewarmed) and TT at 37°C. Hemostasis was assessed in LG‐Octaplas at 5 minutes, 24 hours, 48 hours, and 120 hours after thawing with use of the three methods.RESULTSThawing time for two units was 13.44 minutes using TT, the same as using BP at 37°C (12.94 min not prewarmed; 12.20 min prewarmed) or 45°C (12.38 min not prewarmed), but longer than using BP prewarmed to 45°C (11.31 min, p < 0.001). Thawing time for four units was 13.41 minutes using TT, shorter than using BP at 37°C (17.19 min not prewarmed, 18.47 min prewarmed; both p < 0.001) or 45°C (15.03 min not prewarmed, p = 0.012; 15.22 min prewarmed, p = 0.004). There was no reduction in hemostatic markers in LG‐Octaplas with use of BP at 37°C or 45°C compared to TT.CONCLUSIONBP is quicker than TT by 2 minutes when thawing two units of FFP if it is prewarmed to 45°C. BP is slower than TT by at least 2 minutes when thawing four units of FFP at 37oC. There was no significant difference in the hemostatic qualities of plasma whether thawed at 37°C or 45°C.
Trade law and trade flows
Authors: Gil‐Pareja Salvador , Llorca‐Vivero Rafael , Paniagua Jordi 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis paper develops and estimates a model to study the effect of improving the quality of commercial trade law on trade flows. We focus on improvements aimed to privately resolve disputes among trading partners: international commercial arbitration and conciliation. The main novelty of the model is to explicit the balance between the contractual quality of importer and exporter (contractual distance) in an environment with informational frictions (contractual noise). Using a structural gravity estimation with high‐dimensional fixed effects, the main contribution of the empirical exercise is to confirm previous results and unravel new traits that align with our theoretical results. Arbitration has a moderate and positive effect on exports that increases (decreases) with the contractual quality of the exporter (importer) and the remoteness of markets. The effects of conciliation are similarly positive, but only for similar trading partners with high levels of income. Results also suggest both domestic trade law reform and international treaties have a positive effect on trade, with a stronger effect of the latter.
Pevonedistat targeted therapy inhibits canine melanoma cell growth through induction of DNA re‐replication and senescence
Authors: Wood Elizabeth A. , Lu Zhanping , Jia Shuai , Assumpção Anna L. F. V. , Van Hesteren Matthew A. , Huelsmeyer Mike K. , Vail David M. , Pan Xuan 
Published: October 2019

AbstractMLN4924 (pevonedistat) is a potent and selective NEDD8‐activating enzyme (NAE) inhibitor. The NEDD8‐regulated neddylation system is responsible for the regulated degradation of intracellular proteins with important cellular functions in cancer cell growth, apoptosis, angiogenesis and metastasis. In human melanoma, inhibition of NAE results in induction of DNA re‐replication, S phase cell cycle arrest, DNA damage and apoptosis. The study aimed to assess the anti‐cancer effect of MLN4924 on canine malignant melanoma cell lines and patient samples and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Canine melanoma cell lines and primary patient samples were evaluated for cell viability after incubation with varying concentrations of MLN4924 or dimethyl sulfoxide. Apoptosis, cell proliferation and senescence assays were performed to address underlying mechanisms of MLN4924‐mediated anti‐tumour effects. Gene expression of seven previously identified deregulated genes in human melanoma was compared in sensitive vs resistant samples. MLN4924 treatment significantly reduced the viability of canine melanoma cell lines and primary samples in a dose‐ and time‐dependent manners. MLN4924 promoted cell apoptosis and inhibited cell growth through induction of DNA re‐replication and cell senescence. While the majority of canine melanoma samples demonstrated sensitivity at nanomolar ranges, some samples were resistant to the treatment. Modulation of P21 levels correlated with canine melanoma cell sensitivity. These results provided justification for further exploration of MLN4924 as a treatment of canine melanoma.
The potential of the combined use of targeted type I interferon pathway inhibitors and oncolytic viruses to treat sarcomas
Authors: MacNeill Amy L. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractReplicating oncolytic viruses (OVs) are appealing, new, FDA‐approved, therapeutic options for humans with head and neck cancers and melanomas. These treatments are not yet available for veterinary patients, but recent clinical trials have shown several OVs to be safe in dogs and cats. Specific viruses being used to treat sarcomas in dogs include modified canine adenovirus 2, myxoma virus, vesicular stomatitis virus and reovirus. In cats with vaccine‐associated sarcomas, poxviruses have been injected postoperatively and a reduced rate of tumour recurrence was documented. To date, the response rates of canine and feline patients to OV therapy have been variable (as they are in people). Optimal methods of OV administration and dosing schedules continue to be evaluated. One way to improve outcomes of OV therapy in veterinary patients may be to use OVs in combination with other immunomodulatory therapies. This review discusses the potential utility of concurrent therapy with an OV and an inhibitor of the type I interferon pathway.
The usefulness of short‐course prednisolone during the initial phase of an elimination diet trial in dogs with food‐induced atopic dermatitis
Authors: Favrot Claude , Bizikova Petra , Fischer Nina , Rostaher Ana , Olivry Thierry 
Published: October 2019

BackgroundFood allergy is a possible cause of atopic dermatitis (AD) in dogs; it is typically diagnosed following an eight‐week elimination diet trial (EDT) and a provocation with the original diet. This lengthy procedure is difficult for owners and its interpretation may be unclear.Hypothesis/ObjectivesTo test the effect of prednisolone used in the first weeks of anEDTin order to reduce the total time period for diagnosis. The goal was to perform food challenges earlier than after the traditionally recommended eight weeks.AnimalsFifty‐three dogs withADwere included in the study.Methods and materialsAll dogs were fed a commercially available extensively hydrolyzed protein‐based commercial pet food and treated with prednisolone for at least two weeks to control pruritus and inflammation. Dogs were challenged two weeks after prednisolone finished, provided that no flare had occurred. Dogs with relapsing signs were fed the hydrolyzate for at least eight weeks with or without further prednisolone treatment.ResultsTen of 53 dogs (19%) had no relapse after two weeks off prednisolone: they were subsequently challenged with their regular food, had a relapse of signs and were diagnosed with a food‐inducedADwithin four to six weeks of starting theEDT. In the other dogs, signs remained uncontrolled without prednisolone or relapsed rapidly after its discontinuation: they were considered nonfood‐allergic after an eight weekEDT.Conclusion and clinical importanceThis study demonstrates that a shorterEDTis possible if the allergic pruritus and inflammation are initially controlled with a short course of glucocorticoids. This shortened trial is likely to improve owner adherence and facilitate the diagnosis of food allergy.
Treatment of microfiber alkali weight‐reduction wastewater with high salt concentration by Fenton oxidation and bacterial degradation
Authors: Bai Ling , Fan Haojun , Guo Xuefang , Yan Jun , Chen Yi 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAlkali weight‐reduction is a necessary process to remove the sea component (polyesters) by alkali for ‘sea‐island’ microfiber manufacture, in which large amounts of wastewater with high content of Na2SO4, ethylene glycol (EG) and terephthalic acid (TPA) were produced, thus making the traditional activated sludge method being invalid for wastewater treatment. To address this issue, a combination method was employed to treat the wastewater, i.e. the wastewater was treated by Fenton oxidation then followed by bioaugmentation process, simultaneously, the degradation characteristics of combined method were investigated in detail. In the first stage, the wastewater was treated by optimised Fenton's reagent, some stable compounds were found to degrade into metastable molecules; In the second stage, a new halotolerant bacteria, which could efficiently degrade EG, was isolated from the soil and added into the activated sludge to further degrade the oxidized wastewater. The results indicated that wastewater was treated by this combination method, the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total organic carbon (TOC) decreased from 9070 and 4656.9 mgO2/L to 150 and 13.05 mgO2/L, showing an obvious positive effect. Moreover, the two‐dimensional fractal dimension (D2f) of activated sludge was also found to be enhanced, again demonstrating the positive effect among bacteria, activated sludge and chemical reaction.
First report of alien Drosera rotundifolia in a high conservation value Patagonian peat bog
Authors: Vidal‐Russell R , Fernández Cánepa G , Nuñez C I , Ezcurra C 
Published: October 2019

SummaryDrosera L. (Droseraceae) is a genus of insectivorous plants distributed worldwide with 240 species, 40 of which are found in South America. In the temperate forests of Chile and Argentina the only species present is D. uniflora. In a peat bog in Nahuel Huapi National Park, Argentina, a new species of Drosera was found in February 2018. To identify the species, we used morphological characters, and in addition, we sequenced two individuals for the nuclear region ITS and the chloroplast gene rbcL. Other Drosera sequences for these molecular regions were downloaded from GenBank, and a phylogenetic analysis was done to confirm the morphological identification of the Patagonian individuals. Morphologically and genetically, the species found in Nahuel Huapi is D. rotundifolia, a mostly Northern Hemisphere species. This is an alien species to the region and is thought to have been transported to the bog by tourists that visit the area. The presence of an exotic species represents a threat to this particular ecosystem with high conservation value. Currently, the National Park is taking control actions order to remove all individuals of the recently detected species. This study represents the first report of an alien species of Drosera in southern South America growing in the wild. This potentially invasive species may not only have negative impacts on the natural peat bog habitats in southern Argentina and Chile, but may also reach bogs in other temperate parts of the world.