bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design of a Broadband Solar Thermal Absorber Using a Deep Neural Network and Experimental Demonstration of Its Performance
Authors: Seo Junyong , Jung Pil-Hoon , Kim Mingeon , Yang Sounghyeok , Lee Ikjin , Lee Jungchul , Lee Heon , Lee Bong Jae 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn using nanostructures to design solar thermal absorbers, computational methods, such as rigorous coupled-wave analysis and the finite-difference time-domain method, are often employed to simulate light-structure interactions in the solar spectrum. However, those methods require heavy computational resources and CPU time. In this study, using a state-of-the-art modeling technique, i.e., deep learning, we demonstrate significant reduction of computational costs during the optimization processes. To minimize the number of samples obtained by actual simulation, only regulated amounts are prepared and used as a data set to train the deep neural network (DNN) model. Convergence of the constructed DNN model is carefully examined. Moreover, several analyses utilizing an evolutionary algorithm, which require a remarkable number of performance calculations, are performed using the trained DNN model. We show that deep learning effectively reduces the actual simulation counts compared to the case of a design process without a neural network model. Finally, the proposed solar thermal absorber is fabricated and its absorption performance is characterized.
Evaluating the Comprehensive Performance of Herbaceous Peonies at low latitudes by the Integration of Long-running Quantitative Observation and Multi-Criteria Decision Making Approach
Authors: Zhang Jiaping , Wang Xiaobin , Zhang Dong , Qiu Shuai , Wei Jianfen , Guo Juan , Li Danqing , Xia Yiping 
Published: October 2019

AbstractEnlarging the planting area of economic plants, such as the “Southward Planting of Herbaceous Peony” (Paeonia lactiflora. Pall), is significant for improving people’s lives. Peony is globally known as an ornamental because of gorgeous flowers and is mainly cultivated in the temperate regions with relatively cool and dry climates in the Northern Hemisphere. Promoting the landscape application of peony to the lower latitude regions is difficult because of the hot-humid climate. In this study, 29 northern peony cultivars and a unique Chinese southern peony, ‘Hang Baishao’, were introduced to Hangzhou, located in the central subtropics. Annual growth cycles, resistances and dormancy durations were measured, and crossbreeding between the southern and northern peonies was performed for six years, from 2012 to 2017. Based on data collected from the long-running quantitative observation (LQO), a multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) system was established to evaluate the comprehensive planting performance of these 30 cultivars in the central subtropics. ‘Qihua Lushuang’, ‘Hang Baishao’ and ‘Meiju’ were highly recommended, while ‘Zhuguang’ and ‘Qiaoling’ were scarcely recommended for the Hangzhou landscape. This study highlights the dependability and comprehensiveness of integrating the LQO and MCDM approaches for evaluating the introduction performance of ornamental plants.
Time-resolved connectome of the five-factor model of personality
Authors: Passamonti L. , Riccelli R. , Indovina I. , Duggento A. , Terracciano A. , Toschi N. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe human brain is characterized by highly dynamic patterns of functional connectivity. However, it is unknown whether this time-variant ‘connectome’ is related to the individual differences in the behavioural and cognitive traits described in the five-factor model of personality. To answer this question, inter-network time-variant connectivity was computed in n = 818 healthy people via a dynamical conditional correlation model. Next, network dynamicity was quantified throughout an ad-hoc measure (T-index) and the generalizability of the multi-variate associations between personality traits and network dynamicity was assessed using a train/test split approach. Conscientiousness, reflecting enhanced cognitive and emotional control, was the sole trait linked to stationary connectivity across several circuits such as the default mode and prefronto-parietal network. The stationarity in the ‘communication’ across large-scale networks offers a mechanistic description of the capacity of conscientious people to ‘protect’ non-immediate goals against interference over-time. This study informs future research aiming at developing more realistic models of the brain dynamics mediating personality differences.
Sulfobacillus thermotolerans: new insights into resistance and metabolic capacities of acidophilic chemolithotrophs
Authors: Panyushkina Anna E. , Babenko Vladislav V. , Nikitina Anastasia S. , Selezneva Oksana V. , Tsaplina Iraida A. , Letarova Maria A. , Kostryukova Elena S. , Letarov Andrey V. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe first complete genome of the biotechnologically important species Sulfobacillus thermotolerans has been sequenced. Its 3 317 203-bp chromosome contains an 83 269-bp plasmid-like region, which carries heavy metal resistance determinants and the rusticyanin gene. Plasmid-mediated metal resistance is unusual for acidophilic chemolithotrophs. Moreover, most of their plasmids are cryptic and do not contribute to the phenotype of the host cells. A polyphosphate-based mechanism of metal resistance, which has been previously unknown in the genus Sulfobacillus or other Gram-positive chemolithotrophs, potentially operates in two Sulfobacillus species. The methylcitrate cycle typical for pathogens and identified in the genus Sulfobacillus for the first time can fulfill the energy and/or protective function in S. thermotolerans Kr1 and two other Sulfobacillus species, which have incomplete glyoxylate cycles. It is notable that the TCA cycle, disrupted in all Sulfobacillus isolates under optimal growth conditions, proved to be complete in the cells enduring temperature stress. An efficient antioxidant defense system gives S. thermotolerans another competitive advantage in the microbial communities inhabiting acidic metal-rich environments. The genomic comparisons revealed 80 unique genes in the strain Kr1, including those involved in lactose/galactose catabolism. The results provide new insights into metabolism and resistance mechanisms in the Sulfobacillus genus and other acidophiles.
Multi-peptide ELISAs overcome cross-reactivity and inadequate sensitivity of conventional Chlamydia pneumoniae serology
Authors: Rahman Kh Shamsur , Kaltenboeck Bernhard 
Published: October 2019

AbstractCross-reactivity of classical chlamydial antigens compromises Chlamydia (C.) pneumoniae serology. By testing with 185 human antisera, we expanded 18 previously discovered C. pneumoniae-specific B-cell epitopes to 48 peptide antigens from 12 C. pneumoniae immunodominant proteins. For specific detection of antibodies against C. pneumoniae, we developed novel ELISAs with strongly reactive individual peptide antigens and mixtures of these peptides. By comparison to a composite reference standard (CRS) for anti-C. pneumoniae antibody status of human sera, the top-performing CpnMixF12 peptide assay showed 91% sensitivity at 95% specificity, significantly higher than 4 commercial anti-C. pneumoniae IgG ELISAs (36-12% sensitivity at 95% specificity). Human C. pneumoniae (Cpn) and C. trachomatis (Ctr) seroreactivity was 54% biased towards co-positivity in commercial Cpn and Ctr ELISAs, but unbiased in Cpn and Ctr peptide antibody assays, suggesting severe cross-reactivity of commercial ELISAs. Using hyperimmune mouse sera against each of 11 Chlamydia spp., we confirm that commercial Cpn and Ctr ELISA antigens are cross-reactive among all Chlamydia spp., but Cpn and Ctr peptide antigens react only with antisera against the cognate chlamydial species. With simultaneously high specificity and sensitivity, and convenient use for non-specialized laboratories, these ELISAs have the potential to improve serodiagnosis of C. pneumoniae infection.
A new method for biological synthesis of agriculturally relevant nanohydroxyapatite with elucidated effects on soil bacteria
Authors: Priyam Ayushi , Das Ratul Kumar , Schultz Aaron , Singh Pushplata Prasad 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe study describes a novel and environment friendly route of biosynthesis of nanohydroxyapatite (nHAP). Bacillus licheniformis mediated synthesis of nHAP has been carried out with different phosphate concentrations (2%, 5%, 10% and 20% w/v) of potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate monobasic (K2HPO4). The synthesis is supported by a two-step mechanism – (i) solubilization of P by organic acids extracellularly secreted by the bacterial strain and (ii) gelation of P and Ca. The nHAP particles were characterized using electron microscopy and XRD analysis. Powdered crystalline particles with a size range of 30 ± 5 nm were obtained with shape and size dependent on phosphate concentrations. The particles showed no adverse effect on plant growth-promoting bacteria. Evaluation of nHAP prepared by this route with 2% P source provides scope for a wide range of applications, especially as a nano-fertilizer.
Evaluation of vitamin D3 levels and morphotic parameters of blood in prematurely born children at six years of age
Authors: Walicka-Cupryś Katarzyna , Zajkiewicz Katarzyna , Drzał-Grabiec Justyna , Perenc Lidia 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn Poland the preterm children, with the birth rate reaching 6.3%, constitute a serious medical problem. The system of specialistic clinics provides them with the multidisciplinary care for the first 3 years of life, including the monitoring of hematologic parameters in relation with anemia and osteopenia. The aim of this study was to assess the vitamin D3 level and morphotic parameters of blood in children who were prematurely born at the time when they are about to start school. The study was carried out in a group of 92 children, aged 6 years ±0.63, including 54 preterm children born at gestational age <32 weeks - and 38 full-term children. A basic anthropometric measures and assessment of morphotic parameters and the vitamin D3 level were assessed. Statistical analyses were carried out using Shapiro-Wilk W-test, Student’s t-test and Mann-Whitney U test. Preterm children had significantly lower the vitamin D3 level than controls. This also refers to some morphotic parameters of blood, such as level of hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration and platelets. Prematurely born 6–7 year-old children have significantly lower vitamin D3 levels in blood serum than normal and significantly lower hemoglobin levels than full-term children.
Comparing simulated 26Al maps to gamma-ray measurements
Authors: Pleintinger Moritz M. M. , Siegert Thomas , Diehl Roland , Fujimoto Yusuke , Greiner Jochen , Krause Martin G. H. , Krumholz Mark R. 
Published: October 2019

Context. The diffuse gamma-ray emission of 26Al at 1.8 MeV reflects ongoing nucleosynthesis in the Milky Way and traces massive-star feedback in the interstellar medium due to its 1 Myr radioactive lifetime. The morphology and dynamics of the interstellar medium are investigated in astrophysics through 3D hydrodynamic simulations in fine detail as there are few suitable astronomical probes available.
Aims. We aim to compare a galactic-scale hydrodynamic simulation of the Galaxy’s interstellar medium, including feedback and nucleosynthesis, with gamma-ray data on 26Al emission in the Milky Way, extracting constraints that are only weakly dependent on the particular realisation of the simulation or Galaxy structure.
Methods. Due to constraints and biases in both the simulations and the gamma-ray observations, such comparisons are not straightforward. For a direct comparison, we performed maximum likelihood fits of both simulated sky maps and observation-based maximum entropy maps to measurements using INTEGRAL/SPI. In order to study general morphological properties, we compare the scale heights of 26Al emission produced by the simulation to INTEGRAL/SPI measurements.
Results. The direct comparison shows that the simulation describes the observed inner Galaxy well, however it differs significantly from the observed full-sky emission morphology. Comparing the scale height distribution, we see similarities for small-scale height features and a mismatch at larger-scale heights. We attribute this to prominent foreground emission sites which are not captured by the simulation.
Recommendations for Diagnosis and Treatment of Odontoid Fractures in Geriatric Patients
Authors: Osterhoff Georg , Schnake Klaus , Scheyerer Max J. , Ullrich Bernhard W. , Hartmann Frank , Franck Alexander , Koepp Holger , Reinhold Maximilian , Schmeiser Gregor , Sprengel Kai , Zimmermann Volker , Siekmann Holger , Badke Andreas , Gebhard Harry , Täubel Kai C. , Grüninger Sebastian , Verheyden Akhil P. , Schleicher Philipp , Spiegl Ulrich J. A. ,   AG „Obere Halswirbelsäule“ und AG „Osteoporotische Frakturen“ der Sektion Wirbelsäule der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background Odontoid fractures in geriatric patients represent an entity of increasing incidence with a high rate of morbidity and mortality. The optimal diagnostic and therapeutic management is being controversially discussed in the literature.
Methods In a consensus process and based on the current literature, the members of the working groups “Osteoporotic Fractures” and “Upper Cervical Spine” of the German Society for Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery (DGOU) defined recommendations for the diagnostics and treatment of odontoid fractures in geriatric patients.
Results For the diagnosis of odontoid fractures in symptomatic patients, computed tomography represents the gold standard, along with conventional radiographs. Magnetic resonance and dynamic imaging can be used as ancillary imaging modalities. With regard to fracture classification, the systems described by Anderson/DʼAlonzo and by Eysel/Roosen have proved to be of value. A treatment algorithm was developed based on these classifications. Anderson/DʼAlonzo type 1, type 3, and non-displaced type 2 fractures usually can be treated non-operatively. However, a close clinical and radiological follow-up is essential. In Anderson/DʼAlonzo type 2 fractures, operative treatment is associated with better fracture healing. Displaced type 2 and type 3 fractures should be stabilized operatively. Type 2 fractures with suitable fracture patterns (Eysel/Roosen 2A/B) can be stabilized anteriorly. Posterior C I/II-stabilization procedures are well established and suitable for all
fracture patterns.
Schulerfolg im Grundschulalter als sozialpädiatrische Herausforderung
Authors: Weber Veronika , Stich Heribert Ludwig 
Published: October 2019

ZusammenfassungZielsetzung der Studie war die quantitative Erfassung des Einflusses umschriebener Fördermaßnahmen und sozialer Determinanten auf den Schulerfolg nach Beendigung der Grundschule. Im Herbst 2014 wurden Schulkinder des Einschulungsjahrganges 2010 und deren Eltern zu ausgewählten Themenbereichen postalisch befragt. Basierend auf einer Studienkohorte von 380 Grundschülern wurden unter anderem Effektstärken definierter Einflussfaktoren auf den Gesamt-Notendurchschnitt und den weiteren schulischen Werdegang errechnet. Statistisch zeigten sich hinsichtlich definierter Zielvariablen (überdurchschnittlicher Notenspiegel und Übertritt auf ein Gymnasium) Hinweise auf protektive Effekte durch erhaltene Fördermaßnahmen und durch eine finanzielle Zufriedenheit der Familien (OR = 0,09 und 0,15), hingegen ein stark riskanter Einfluss durch einen niedrigen Schul- (OR = 3,27 und 3,08) und Berufsbildungsstatus der Eltern (OR = 9,37 und 12,79).In Hinblick auf adäquate Bildungschancen von Grundschülern aus Familien mit einem niedrigeren sozioökonomischen Status sollte aus sozialpädiatrischer Sicht ein risikogruppenspezifischer Zugang zu individuellen Fördermaßnahmen ermöglicht werden.
Lungenfunktion, Lung Clearance Index und bronchiale Entzündung bei Kindern und Jugendlichen mit Bronchiolitis obliterans
Authors: Belachew Nebiyat F. , Jerkic Silvija , Michel Felix , Schubert Ralf , Zielen Stefan , Rosewic Martin 
Published: October 2019

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Die Bronchiolitis obliterans (BO) ist eine sehr seltene, chronische Lungenerkrankung, die vereinzelt nach schweren Atemwegsinfektionen oder als Folge von Stammzell- und Lungentransplantation auftritt. Ziel der Arbeit war es, die Lungenfunktion und die bronchiale Entzündung bei BO-Patienten im Jugend- und Kindesalter zu untersuchen. Zudem sollte das Potenzial des LCI in der Diagnostik dieser Patienten untersucht werden.
Methoden Es wurden 16 BO-Patienten (Alter:Median 16,7; 9,6–25,3 Jahre) und 17 gesunde Probanden (Alter: Median 16,6; 7,6–25,0 Jahre) untersucht. Neben der Untersuchung der Lungenfunktion (FVC, FEV1, MEF25, RV und RV/TLC) mittels Bodyplethysmografie erfolgte eine Reversibilitätstestung nach Gabe von 400 μg Salbutamol. Die Bestimmung des LCI erfolgte mittels Multiple Breath Washout (MBW)-Methode. Zusätzlich wurde die Zellverteilung und das Zytokinprofil (IL-1ß, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α)mittels Cytometric Bead Array (CBA) im induzierten Sputum analysiert.
Ergebnisse FVC, FEV1 und MEF25 der BO-Patienten waren signifikant niedriger, das RV und die RV/TLC jedoch signifikant erhöht im Vergleich zur Kontrollgruppe. Eine bronchiale Reversibilität zeigte sich bei 3 Patienten. Der LCI war bei den BO-Patienten gegenüber der Kontrollgruppe signifikant erhöht (Median 10,24 vs. 7,1) und korrelierte signifikant mit dem MEF25 (p < 0,0001). Im induzierten Sputum fand sich eine signifikante Erhöhung der Gesamtzellzahl, der neutrophilen Granulozyten sowie von IL-6 und IL-8 (p < 0,01).
Schlussfolgerung Die Lungenfunktion ist bei Kindern und Jugendlichen mit BO stark eingeschränkt. Zudem erwies sich der LCI als sensitiver und reproduzierbarer Marker zur Beurteilung der obstruktiven Beeinträchtigung der kleinen Atemwege. Im induzierten Sputum ist eine von Neutrophilen dominierte bronchiale Entzündung nachweisbar.
Spinal Immobilization in the Trauma Room – a Survey-Based Analysis at German Level I Trauma Centers
Authors: Gather Andreas , Spancken Elena , Münzberg Matthias , Grützner Paul Alfred , Kreinest Michael 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background Spinal immobilization is a standard procedure in daily out-of-hospital emergency care. Homogenous recommendations concerning the immobilization of trauma patients during the first therapy in the emergency department do not exist. The aim of the current study was the analysis of the existing strategies concerning spinal immobilization in German level I trauma centers by an internet-based survey.
Materials and Methods The current study is a survey-based analysis of the current strategies concerning spinal immobilization in all 107 level I trauma centers in Germany. The internet-based survey consists of 6 items asking about immobilization in the emergency department.
Results The return rate was 47.7%. In 14 (28.6%) level I trauma centers the patients remained immobilized on the immobilization tool used by the professional emergency care providers. In 19 (38.8%) level I trauma centers the patients were transferred to a stretcher with a soft positioning mattress on it. Patient transfer to a spineboard or to a TraumaMattress was performed in 11 (22.4%) and 7 (14.3%) level I trauma centers, respectively. Trauma patients were never transferred to a vacuum mattress. Cervical spine protection was most of the time performed by a cervical collar (n = 48; 98.0%). In general, the surveyʼs participants were mainly satisfied (mean = 84/100) with the current strategy of spinal immobilization. The satisfaction was best if the spineboard is used.
Discussion Patient positioning during initial emergency therapy in the emergency department of German level I trauma centers is highly heterogenous. Besides complete full body immobilization, also the lack of any immobilization was reported by the surveyʼs participants.
Advances in Application of Alginate Lyase And Its Enzymatic Hydrolysate
Authors: Xue Xing , Zhou Ying , Gao Xiujun , Yan Peisheng 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Alginate is a linear, water-soluble acidic seaweed polysaccharide composed of L-guluronic acid and its C5 epimer D-mannuronic acid, a general term for hydrophilic derivatives of alginic acid. It is widely found in various brown algae. Alginate lyase and its enzymatic hydrolysate have a variety of biological activities and become a new research hotspot. This paper reviews the source, classification, enzymatic mechanism and enzymatic properties of alginate lyase, and summarizes the function and application of alginate lyase and its enzymatic hydrolysate brown algal oligosaccharide, in order to provide a base for the development and application of alginate lyase and its products.
Research on The Pore-Forming Mechanism of Porous Tial Intermetallics with (NH4)2CO3
Authors: Li Xide , Sun Liangbo , Liu Yuzuo , Yang Junsheng 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Porous TiAl intermetallic compound is a material with excellent properties, which could be applied to various fields. However, the disadvantage of current porous TiAl intermetallics is that the permeate flux is low. In this paper, (NH4)2CO3 was selected as pore-forming agent to fabricate porous TiAl intermetallics by activation reactive sintering. After that, the effect of pore former (NH4)2CO3 content and pore-forming mechanism were investigated. The results indicated that the pore former (NH4)2CO3 is benefit for the formation of through-holes in porous TiAl intermetallics, and the Kirkendall partial diffusion effect has great influence on the pore formation.
Enhanced Electrochemical Performance of Cooper Sulfides Coated Electrochemical Modified Carbon Cloth and Its Application in Flexible Supercapacitors
Authors: He Xin , Mao Xiling , Yang Wenyao , Zhou Yujiu , Liu Weicen , Yang Yajie , Xu Jianhua 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
All High-performance flexible electrochemical energy storage devices such as supercapacitors (SCs) and lithium ion batteries (LIBs) are highly desirable as a result of the ever-increasing demands for stretchable electronics. In this work, an effective two-step strategy contain surface and structural modulation and hydrothermal method is developed to grow cooper sulfides onto a highly active surface with pores and numerous functional oxygenic groups. Arising from rough surface and increased active sites, the as-prepared activated loosen cooper sulfides coated electrochemical modified carbon cloths (CuS@ECC) electrode not only achieves a large capacitance (410 F cm−2 at 1 mA cm−2) and fast kinetics but also shows excellent cycling durability (maintain 95% initial capacitance after 3000 cycles). This dual modification strategy may throw light on the rational design of new generation advanced composited electrodes for high-performance flexible supercapacitors.
Synthesis and Properties of Bifunctional Asphalt Emulsifier
Authors: Kong Xiangjun , Zhan Xinyu , Wang Jinlan 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Cationic asphalt emulsifier needs to adjust the system to acidity during use, which will bring potential corrosion hazard to emulsified asphalt production equipment. In this paper, a bifunctional asphalt emulsifier with emulsification and corrosion inhibition was synthesized. The results show that the bifunctional cationic asphalt emulsifier has excellent surface activity, the critical micelle concentration is 56.23 μg/g, and the surface tension value is 25.79 mN/m, the prepared emulsified asphalt has good stability, and the stability of 1d and 5d are 0.28 % and 0.97 %, respectively. At the same time, the asphalt emulsifier has good corrosion inhibition performance for different material test pieces and different corrosive environments. The mechanism study shows that the emulsifier forms a dense adsorption protective film on the metal surface, so that the metal surface in the acid environment is protected from corrosion and the corrosion rate is lowered.