bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Circular RNA RSF1 promotes inflammatory and fibrotic phenotypes of irradiated hepatic stellate cell by modulating miR‐146a‐5p
Authors: Chen Yuhan , Yuan Baoying , Chen Genwen , Zhang Li , Zhuang Yuan , Niu Hao , Zeng Zhaochong 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe role of circular RNA (circRNA) in radiation‐induced liver disease (RILD) remains largely unknown. In this study, Ras‐related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (RAC1) was elevated in irradiated human hepatic stellate cell (HSC) line LX2, the important effector cell mediating RILD. Overexpression of RAC1 promotes cell proliferation, proinflammatory cytokines production, and α‐smooth muscle actin expression, which were blocked by microRNA (miR)‐146a‐5p mimics. CircRNA RSF1 (circRSF1) was upregulated in irradiated LX2 cells and predicted to harbor binding site for miR‐146a‐5p. Biotinylated‐RNA pull down and dual‐luciferase reporter detection confirmed the direct interaction of circRSF1 and miR‐146a‐5p. Enforced expression of circRSF1 increased RAC1 expression by acting as miR‐146a‐5p sponge to inhibit miR‐146a‐5p activity, and thus enhanced the cell viability, and promoted inflammatory and fibrotic phenotype of irradiated LX2 cells. These findings indicate a functional regulatory axis composing of circRSF1, miR‐146a‐5p, and RAC1 in irradiated HSC, which may provide attractive therapeutic targets for RILD.
Mesenchymal stem cell‐conditioned media: A novel alternative of stem cell therapy for quality wound healing
Authors: Joseph Anand , Baiju Indu , Bhat Irfan A. , Pandey Sriti , Bharti Mukesh , Verma Megha , Pratap Singh Anuj , Ansari Matin M. , Chandra Vikash , Saikumar Gutulla , Amarpal  , Taru Sharma Gutulla 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMesenchymal stem cells‐conditioned media (MSCs‐CM) contains several growth factors and cytokines, thus may be used as a better alternative to stem cell therapy, which needs to be elucidated. The present study was conducted to evaluate the therapeutic potential of caprine, canine, and guinea pig bone marrow‐derived MSCs‐CM in excision wound healing in a guinea pig model. MSCs were obtained from bone marrow, expanded ex vivo and characterized as per ISCT criteria. CM was collected assayed by western blot to ascertain the presence of important secretory biomolecules. Quantitative estimation by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay was done for a vascular epidermal growth factor (VEGF) and interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) in caprine MSCs‐CM and optimum time for collection of CM was decided as 72 hr. CM from all the species was lyophilized by freeze‐drying method. Full‐thickness (2 × 2 cm2) excision skin wounds were created in guinea pigs (six animals in each group) and respective lyophilized CM mixed with laminin gel was applied topically at weekly interval. On Day 28, histopathological examinations of healed skin were done by hemotoxylin and eosin staining. MSCs were found to secrete important growth factors and cytokines (i.e., VEGF, transforming growth factor‐β1, fibroblast growth factor‐2, insulin‐like growth factor‐1, stem cell factor, and IL‐6) as demonstrated by immunohistochemistry and western blot assay. It was found that allogenic and xenogenic application of CM significantly improved quality wound healing with minimal scar formation. Thus, MSCs‐CM can be used allogenically as well as xenogenically for quality wound healing.
Resistance training‐induced muscle hypertrophy is mediated by TGF‐β1‐Smad signaling pathway in male Wistar rats
Authors: Nikooie Rohollah , Jafari‐Sardoie Sohil , Sheibani Vahid , Nejadvaziri Chatroudi Amir 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe TGF‐β1‐Smad pathway is a well‐known negative regulator of muscle growth; however, its potential role in resistance training‐induced muscle hypertrophy is not clear. The present study proposed to determine whether and how this pathway may be involved in resistance training‐induced muscle hypertrophy. Skeletal muscle samples were collected from the control, trained (RT), control + SB431542 (CITGF), and trained + SB431542 (RTITGF) animals following 3, 5, and 8 weeks of resistance training. Inhibition of the TGF‐β1‐Smad pathway by SB431542 augmented muscle satellite cells activation, upregulated Akt/mTOR/S6K1 pathway, and attenuated FOXO1 and FOXO3a expression in the CITGF group (all p < .01), thereby causing significant muscle hypertrophy in animals from the CITGF. Resistance training significantly decreased muscle TGF‐β1 expression and Smad3 (P‐Smad3S423/425) phosphorylation at COOH‐terminal residues, augmented Smad2 (P‐Smad2‐LS245/250/255) and Smad3 (P‐Smad3‐LSer208) phosphorylation levels at linker sites (all p < .01), and led to a muscle hypertrophy which was unaffected by SB431542, suggesting that the TGF‐β1‐Smad signaling pathway is involved in resistance training‐induced muscle hypertrophy. The effects of inhibiting the TGF‐β1‐Smad signaling pathway were not additive to the resistance training effects on FOXO1 and FOXO3a expression, muscle satellite cells activation, and the Akt/mTOR/S6K1 pathway. Resistance training effect of satellite cell differentiation was independent of the TGF‐β1‐Smad signaling pathway. These results suggested that the effect of the TGF‐β1‐Smad signaling pathway on resistance training‐induced muscle hypertrophy can be attributed mainly to its diminished inhibitory effects on satellite cell activation and protein synthesis. Suppressed P‐Smad3S423/425 and enhanced P‐Smad2‐LS245/250/255 and P‐Smad3‐LSer208 are the molecular mechanisms that link the TGF‐β1‐Smad signaling pathway to resistance training‐induced muscle hypertrophy.
CircTIMELESS regulates the proliferation and invasion of lung squamous cell carcinoma cells via the miR‐136‐5p/ROCK1 axis
Authors: Zhang Wenjing , Shi Jingjing , Cheng Chuanhao , Wang Huaqi 
Published: January 2020

AbstractNumerous studies demonstrate that circular RNAs (circRNAs) are critical regulators of the occurrence and progression of tumors. However, research on the involvement of circRNAs in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) is limited. In our study, circTIMELESS (also named hsa_circ_0000408 in the Human circRNA Database) was upregulated in both LUSC tissues and LUSC cells, and circTIMELESS expression was positively associated with the TNM stage. Moreover, circTIMELESS silencing markedly suppressed invasion in vitro and disrupted proliferation in vitro as well as in vivo. Additional investigations have shown that circTIMELESS functions as a miR‐136‐5p “sponge” and regulates miR‐136‐5p expression. Furthermore, the impact of miR‐136‐5p upregulation was consistent with the results of circTIMELESS silencing, both of which inhibited the proliferation and invasion of LUSC cells. Additional results showed that Rho‐associated coiled‐coil containing protein kinase 1 (ROCK1) is targeted by miR‐136‐5p. The results of recovery experiments showed that ROCK1 overexpression partly rescued the impact of circTIMELESS silencing and miR‐136‐5p upregulation on proliferation and invasion. Consequently, our findings confirmed that circTIMELESS exists in LUSC and acts as a tumor promoter through the miR‐136‐5p/ROCK1 axis. Based on these findings, circTIMELESS may be potentially utilized as a therapeutic target for LUSC.
Novel insights into Dhh signaling in antler chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation: Involvement of Foxa
Authors: Ma Li , Duan Cui‐Cui , Yang Zhan‐Qing , Ding Jun‐Li , Liu Shu , Yue Zhan‐Peng , Guo Bin 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe desert hedgehog (Dhh) is crucial for spermatogenesis and Leydig cell differentiation, but little is known regarding its physiological function in cartilage. In this study, Dhh mRNA was abundant in antler chondrocytes, where it advanced cell proliferation concomitant with accelerated transition from the G1 to the S phase and induced elevation of the hypertrophic chondrocyte markers, Col X and Runx2. Silencing of Ptch1 resulted in appreciable Smo accumulation and enhanced rDhh stimulation of Smo, whose impediment by cyclopamine obscured the proliferative function of Dhh and alleviated its guidance of chondrocyte differentiation. Further analysis evidenced the noteworthy positive action of Smo in the bridging between Dhh and Gli transcription factors. Obstruction of Gli1 by GANT58 caused the failed stimulation of Col X and Runx2 by rDhh. Analogously, siRNA against Gli1‐3 hindered chondrocyte differentiation in the context of rDhh. Simultaneously, Gli transcription factors mediated the regulation of Dhh on Foxa1, Foxa2, and Foxa3, whose knockdown impaired chondrocyte differentiation. Attenuation of Foxa antagonized the augmentation of Col X and Runx2 generated by rDhh. Collectively, Dhh signaling through its target Foxa appears to induce antler chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation.
Species and termination method effects on phosphorus loss from plant tissue
Authors: Carver R. Elliott , Nelson Nathan O. , Roozeboom Kraig L. , Kirkham M. B. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractCover crops are often recommended as a best management practice to reduce erosion, weed pressure, and nutrient loss. However, cover crops may be sources of phosphorus (P) to runoff water after termination. Two greenhouse trials were conducted to determine the effects of cover crop species, termination method, and time after termination on water‐extractable P (WEP) release from crop biomass. Treatments were structured in a 3 × 3 × 3 factorial and arranged in a randomized complete block design with six replicates. Treatments included three cover crop species (triticale [× Triticosecale; Triticum × Secale ‘Trical’], rapeseed [Brassica napus L. ‘Winfred’], and crimson clover [Trifolium incarnatum L.]); three termination methods (clipping, freezing, and herbicide); and three WEP extraction times (1, 7, and 14 d after termination). Rapeseed consistently resulted in the least WEP when exposed to the same method of termination and at the same extraction time as the other species. For both trials, terminating crop tissue via freezing increased concentrations of WEP compared with other termination methods. The WEP release from cover crop tissue increased as the time after extraction increased, but the effect was greater for herbicide‐ and freeze‐terminated cover crops and less for clipping‐terminated cover crops. Future studies on WEP release from cover crops should pay close attention to the effects of extraction timing. Producers may be able to reduce P loss from cover crop tissue by selecting cover crop species with low WEP and minimizing the amount of biomass exposed to freezing conditions.
Synthesis and solvent‐dependent photophysics of a novel fluorescent triazole‐coumarin‐based dye
Authors: Kaya Mehmet , Menteşe Emre 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSynthesis of a new coumarin‐triazole‐based dye and its photophysical parameters such as absorption, fluorescence emission, and fluorescence quantum yield were investigated. Studies have shown that the present dye has symmetry with a mirror image, especially in the ethanol solvent, with respect to the absorption and fluorescence spectra. As a result of the UV‐vis and fluorescence spectroscopy techniques used, it was determined that absorption and emission spectra were shifted to the red with increasing solvent polarity. In addition, the spectral data of the synthesized compound exhibited that the stokes shifts are small, usually less than 50 nm, and the quantum yields are significantly high. In accordance with the results obtained, it can be stated that this novel dye synthesized here can offer an insight into application in sensor applications as analytical or biosensors, optoelectronic devices, and medicine industry.
Estimating the costs and cost‐effectiveness of HIV self‐testing among men who have sex with men, United States
Authors: Shrestha Ram K , Chavez Pollyanna R , Noble Meredith , Sansom Stephanie L , Sullivan Patrick S , Mermin Jonathan H , MacGowan Robin J 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIntroductionHIV testing is an essential prerequisite for accessing treatment with antiretroviral therapy or prevention using pre‐exposure prophylaxis. Internet distribution of HIV self‐tests is a novel approach, and data on the programmatic cost of this approach are limited. We analyse the costs and cost‐effectiveness of a self‐testing programme.MethodsMen who have sex with men (MSM) reporting unknown or negative HIV status were enrolled from March to August 2015 into a 12‐month trial of HIV self‐testing in the United States. Participants were randomly assigned either to the self‐testing arm or the control arm. All participants received information on HIV testing services and locations in their community. Self‐testing participants received up to four self‐tests each quarter, which they could use themselves or distribute to their social network associates. Quarterly follow‐up surveys collected testing outcomes, including number of tests used and new HIV diagnoses. Using trial expenditure data, we estimated the cost of implementing a self‐testing programme. Primary outcomes of this analysis included total programme implementation costs, cost per self‐test completed, cost per person tested, cost per new HIV diagnosis among those self‐tested and cost per quality adjusted life year (QALY) saved.ResultsA total of 2665 men were assigned either to the self‐testing arm (n = 1325) or the control arm (n = 1340). HIV testing was reported by 971 self‐testing participants who completed a total of 5368 tests. In the control arm, 619 participants completed 1463 HIV tests. The self‐testing participants additionally distributed 2864 self‐tests to 2152 social network associates. Testing during the trial identified 59 participants and social network associates with newly diagnosed HIV infection in the self‐testing arm; 11 control participants were newly diagnosed with HIV. The implementation cost of the HIV self‐testing programme was $449,510. The cost per self‐test completed, cost per person tested at least once, and incremental cost per new HIV diagnosis was $61, $145 and $9365 respectively. We estimated that self‐testing programme potentially averted 3.34 transmissions, saved 14.86 QALYs and nearly $1.6 million lifetime HIV treatment costs.ConclusionsThe HIV self‐testing programme identified persons with newly diagnosed HIV infection at low cost, and the programme is cost saving.
Orbitrap mass spectrometry for monitoring the ganglioside pattern in human cerebellum development and aging
Authors: Ica Raluca , Petrut Alina , Munteanu Cristian V.A. , Sarbu Mirela , Vukelić Željka , Petrica Ligia , Zamfir Alina D. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe have developed here a superior approach based on high‐resolution (HR) mass spectrometry (MS) for monitoring the changes occurring with development and aging in the composition and structure of cerebellar gangliosidome. The experiments were focused on the comparative screening and structural analysis of gangliosides expressed in fetal and aged cerebellum by Orbitrap MS with nanoelectrospray ionization (nanoESI) in the negative ion mode. The employed ultrahigh‐resolution MS platform allowed the discrimination, without the need of previous separation, of 159 ions corresponding to 120 distinct species in the native ganglioside mixtures from fetal and aged cerebellar biopsies, many more than detected before, when MS platforms of lower resolution were employed. A number of gangliosides, in particular polysialylated belonging to GT, GQ, GP, and GS classes, modified by O‐fucosylation, O‐acetylation, or CH3COO− were discovered here, for the first time in human cerebellum. These components, found differently expressed in fetal and aged tissues, indicated that the ganglioside profile in cerebellum is development stage‐ and age‐specific. Following the fragmentation analysis by high‐energy collision‐induced dissociation (HCD) tandem MS (MS/MS), we have also observed that the intimate structure of certain compounds has not changed during the development and aging of the brain, an aspect which could open new directions in the investigation of ganglioside biomarkers in cerebellar tissue.
Combination of rosemary extract and buffered vinegar inhibits Pseudomonas and Shewanella growth in common carp (Cyprinus carpio)
Authors: Sterniša Meta , Purgatorio Chiara , Paparella Antonello , Mraz Jan , Smole Možina Sonja 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDAquaculture is the fastest growing food‐production sector, and common carp (Cyprinus carpio) is one of the most cultivated fish species in the world. Due to its intrinsic characteristics, fish meat is highly susceptible to microbiological spoilage. Pseudomonas and Shewanella are the primary and secondary occurring microbiota during storage of fish meat, with significant contribution to spoilage with the formation of hydrolytic enzymes (lipases and proteases).RESULTSWith in vitro testing, we show that rosemary extract (Inolens4), buffered vinegar and their combination (SyneROX) exhibit antimicrobial effects against P. fragi, P. psychrophila, S. putrefaciens and S. xiaemensis at concentrations of 3.13 and 1.56 mg mL−1. The combination was the most effective in inhibiting growth of selected bacteria in food model, and production of lipases and proteases during 9 days at 5 °C. In situ testing of antimicrobial dip treatment of carp meat determined that aerobic mesophilic, total psychrotrophic, Pseudomonas and hydrogen sulfide producer counts were reduced in all treatments, with the most prominent influence being shown by the combination and buffered vinegar.CONCLUSIONSOur study highlights the importance of a multilevel assessment of the antimicrobial potential of biopreservatives under conditions comparable to those of the selected food. Investigation with bacteria and food model provided coherent and consistent data for the evaluation of the antimicrobial potential for carp meat. Combination of buffered vinegar (as active antimicrobial) and rosemary extract, with well‐known and researched antioxidant properties but low in situ antimicrobial activity, represents a good potential for combined effect in preservation of fish meat. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Preparation and characterization of potato protein‐based microcapsules with an emphasis on the mechanism of interaction among the main components
Authors: Wang Chenjie , Chang Tong , Zhang Dongliang , Ma Chengye , Chen Shanfeng , Li Hongjun 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDPotato protein (PP) has promising potential for utilization in food applications due to its high nutritive value and functional properties. Grapeseed oil (GO) is rich in unsaturated fatty acids and antioxidant active ingredients. However, its application is limited because of low stability and high volatility. In order to overcome such problems, PP‐based microcapsules encapsulating GO were produced by complex coacervation, and characterized using optical, thermodynamic and spectroscopic analyses.RESULTSResults indicated that a ratio of GO/PP of 1:2 led to the best encapsulation effect with the maximum microencapsulation efficiency and yield. Intact and nearly spherical microcapsules were observed from scanning electron microscopy images. Results of thermogravimetry demonstrated that thermal resistance was increased in the microencapsulated GO, indicating that PP‐based microcapsules could be a good way to protect the thermal stability of GO. Fourier transform infrared spectra indicated that hydrogen bonding and covalent crosslinking might occur among wall materials, but a physical interaction between GO and wall materials.CONCLUSIONSPP can be successfully used to encapsulate GO when combined with chitosan, indicating that PP‐based microcapsules have potential for application in encapsulating liquid oils with functional properties. A schematic diagram of possible interactions was constructed to better understand the mechanism of formation of the microcapsules. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Fermentative and post‐fermentative oxygenation of Corvina red wine: influence on phenolic and volatile composition, colour and wine oxidative response
Authors: Picariello Luigi , Slaghenaufi Davide , Ugliano Maurizio 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDDuring the production of red wine, moderate uptake of oxygen in the post‐fermentative phase helps the stabilization of colour and the decrease of astringent tannins. However, the influence of oxygen uptake during the fermentative phase in must has not been completely investigated. In this study we evaluated the effect of controlled oxygen supply during fermentation–maceration of Corvina grapes on colour characteristics, tannins, volatile compounds, acetaldehyde production and oxidative stability of the finished wine.RESULTSOxygen supply during fermentation improved the formations of stable pigments of Corvina wines due to the higher production of acetaldehyde. However, in wines treated with oxygen a lower production of fruity esters by yeasts was observed. Wines obtained from higher oxygen exposure during fermentation–maceration showed reduced ability to react with oxygen during storage.CONCLUSIONSFermentative and post‐fermentative oxygenation should be considered as a technological approach for modifying colour composition and stability, as well as oxidative behaviour of wine during aging. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Comprehensive separation of iridoid glycosides and triterpenoid saponins from Dipsacus asper with salt‐containing solvent by high‐speed countercurrent chromatography coupled with recycling mode
Authors: Yu Jinqian , Zhang Jinqiang , Sun Xiaowei , Xiao Chenghong , Wang Xiao , Zhou Tao 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe roots of Dipsacus asper Wall as a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine are used for tonifying liver and kidney and strengthening bones and muscles. However, an effective separation strategy for comprehensive and rapid separation of the main active compounds from the roots of D. asper is nonexistent. This investigation provided an effective separation method based on AB‐8 macroporous resin column chromatography using different ratios of ethanol in water and two different modes of high‐speed countercurrent chromatography with salt‐containing solvent system for rapid enrichment and separation from the roots of D. asper. The macroporous resin column chromatography was performed on AB‐8 resin using ethanol in water ratios of 10, 30, 40, 50, and 80% as the optimized enrichment conditions for iridoid glycosides and triterpenoid saponins with different polarities. For high‐speed countercurrent chromatography separation, the conventional and recycling modes were combined together to develop a strategy for 12 compounds (1–12) from the enriched parts of 30, 40, and 80% ethanol, including six high‐polarity iridoid glycosides (1–6) using inorganic salt‐containing solvent system and six triterpenoid saponins (7–12). Recycling high‐speed countercurrent chromatography separation was successfully applied to separate two isomers (9 and 10) after 11 cycles.