bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epidemiologic Research: A Primer for the Clinical Exercise Physiologist
Authors: Heath Gregory W. , Boer Nicholas 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACTAn understanding of epidemiologic methods is important for the clinical exercise physiologist to assess the complex relationships between physical activity and health and disease. It is essential to the practice of preventive and rehabilitative care to understand the web of causation and complex interactions among agent (exercise), host (individual), and environment (affects transmission of agent source to host) in relationship to disease/injury and clinical outcomes. Application of the epidemiologic measures of disease/injury occurrence, variations in occurrence, and statistical measures of attributable risk and population attributable risk contribute to the clinician's skill level in assessing potential cause-effect relationships reported in the literature about exercise medicine, physical activity, and public health. By becoming familiar with the study methods used in epidemiology, the clinical exercise physiologist will be better positioned to assess criteria for a cause-effect relationship as well as to critically evaluate the assessment efforts used across a variety of study designs and applications of epidemiology in clinical research and practice.
Correlation of Clinical Score and Serum Acetylcholinesterase Level as a Predictor of Outcome among Patients with Acute Organophosphate Poisoning Admitted in Emergency Ward of a Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Chaudhary R , Bhandari R , Malla G , Poudel M. , Lamsal M 
Published: February 2020

Background: Monitoring a patient's serum acetylcholinesterase (AChE) status after clinical score of organophosphate poisoning enables the verification of exposure to anticholinesterase agents.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among the patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria and was categorized according to POP (Peradeniya Organophosphorus Poisoning) score. The study was conducted at a tertiary hospital for one year in the period of Jan 2016 to Dec 2016. POP score was applied and serum acetylcholinesterase level was determined in the lab. Spearman’s rho coefficient method was applied for correlation.
Results: Seventy four patients survived in emergency ward who presented within (4.1 ± 2.9; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.43- 4.80; P= 0.021) hours of ingestion of OP compounds, POP score 3 (Q1, Q3, 2, 4), serum AChE 2221 (Q1, Q3, 768.5, 4703.5) IU/L with 9 ( Q1,Q3, 8.75, 34.75) mg of atropine used, 94% received PAM for 5 (Q1, Q3, 3, 7) days of hospital stay.
Four patients died within (7.5 ± 5.4; 95% CI, -1.16- 16.16; P= 0.021) hours of presentation, POP score of 4 (Q1, Q3, 4, 7.75), serum AChE 588 (Q1, Q3, 173, 1912) IU/L, atropine used 170 (Q1, Q3, 152.5, 297) mg, 5.1% received PAM for 3.5 (Q1, Q3, 1, 11.25) days of hospital stay.
Spearman’s rho coefficient showed well correlation between POP score and serum AChE level (coefficient -0.356; P= 0.001), POP score for the need of atropine (coefficient= 0.536; P= 0.001).
Serum AChE also correlated with the length of hospital stay (coefficient= 0.414; P= 0.001) compared to POP score (coefficient= 0.420; P= 0.001).
Conclusions: The higher degree of POP score correlated to higher degree of serum acetylcholinesterase derangement, need for atropine, PAM and length of hospital stay. Thus, it enhances in the prediction of outcome among patients with acute organophosphate poisoning at index visit.
GAS-GYPSUM MATERIALS PROPERTIES MODIFIED BY PLASTICIZING AGENTS
Authors: Anikanova L. A. , Kurmangalieva A. I. , Volkova O. V. , Pervushina D. M. 
Published: February 2020

The paper deals with porous gypsum building materials having heat-insulating properties and applied in low-rise building construction, in the manufacture of flat and room dividers.Anhydrite of the Siberian Chemical Combine together with sodium carbonate is used as a gas-forming component. To regulate the plasticity of the mortar mixture, the Steinberg MP-4 and Steinberg PR-1S(A) superplasticizers are introduced into the composition, and their effect on the porous gypsum mixture properties is studied.The analysis of the superplasticizer influence on the properties shows that the use of the Steinberg MP-4 with the amount of 2 wt.% of gypsum is optimum to achieve high strength of up to 27 MPa, while providing high mobility of the porous mixture. The main role of superplasticizers in a gypsum water-soluble composition is to increase the ξ-potential of the material and to reduce the water-gypsum ratio of the mixture while maintaining its mobility. The effect of superplasticizers largely depends on the initial modification of the binder, its dispersibility and mobility.
Comparison of the clinical effectiveness of ultrasound-guided corticosteroid injection with and without needle release of the A1 pulley in treating trigger finger
Authors: Wu Yan-Yan , He Fan-Ding , Chen Kai , Quan Jie-Rong , Guo Xuan-Yan 
Published: February 2020

OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical effectiveness of ultrasound-guided corticosteroid injection with and without needle release of the A1 pulley in treating trigger finger. METHODS: A total of 60 patients with trigger finger were enrolled in this retrospective study. Among them, 30 patients were treated with ultrasound-guided needle release of the A1 pulley with corticosteroid injection (group A) and 30 patients were treated with single ultrasound-guided corticosteroids injection (group B). The following parameters were evaluated including clinical parameters (pain degree, function of joint, finger tendon function, postoperative satisfaction), and ultrasound parameter (thickness of A1 pulley). RESULTS: The postoperative visual analogue scale (VAS) and Quinnell scores in two groups were significantly lower than that before operation ( p < 0.05). The postoperative Quinnell score of group A was significantly lower than that in group B ( p < 0.05). The TAM results showed that the postoperative overall excellent and good rate of group A was significantly higher than that in group B ( p < 0.05). The postoperative survey showed that more than 80% patients reported satisfaction in the two groups. The ultrasound imaging results showed that the postoperative thickness of A1 pulley in two groups were thinner than that before operation ( p < 0.05). There were no adverse effects and complications in the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Both approaches had treatment benefit in trigger finger. Ultrasound-guided needle release of the A1 pulley with corticosteroid injection had better treatment benefits than single ultrasound-guided corticosteroids injection in improving finger tendon function and joint function.
A Simulated Night Shift for Undergraduate Paramedicine Students: Lessons Learnt and the Perceived Value towards Learning
Authors: Miles Alecka , Hansen Sara , Mills Brennen 
Published: February 2020

Background Ensuring undergraduate healthcare students are work ready graduates who possess real-world experiences and realistic expectations of their professional environment is essential for Australian universities. This is becoming increasingly more difficult to accomplish with ongoing difficulties on sourcing appropriate clinical placement learning opportunities. We developed and piloted a simulated paramedic night shift investigating if undergraduate paramedic students perceived the experience to be realistic and to what extent they felt it contributed toward their learning. Methods A total of 24 undergraduate paramedic students were recruited to participate in a simulated 13-hour paramedic night shift held on university campus. Student satisfaction and perceived value towards learning was measured using an online survey the day after the simulation. Results 23 of 24 participants completed the online survey. Survey data suggested 22 participants felt the simulated night shift to be realistic of real-life paramedic practice, provided a valuable learning experience and should be made a mandatory component of undergraduate paramedicine curricula. Conclusion Given the difficulties associated with providing clinical placement opportunities for students and the perception among health professionals that on entering the workforce many graduates often lack the adaptability required to undertake shift-work and the professional role of a paramedic, educators should consider the merits of providing overnight simulated experiences to undergraduate students to better prepare and acclimatise students to overnight shift work.
COL4A1 and COL4A2 Mutations Analyses with Perinatal Arterial ?schemic Stroke
Authors: Koçak Ozan , Carman Kursat Bora Carman Bora , Yarar Coskun , Kodera Hirofumi , Saitsu Hirotomo , Matsumoto Naomichi 
Published: February 2020

Perinatal arterial ischemic stroke (PAIS) is one of the frequent causes of mortality and morbidity, but its etiology remains unclear. COL4A1 and COL4A2 mutations are monogenetic causes of weakness of the basement vascular membranes resulting in cerebral small-vessel disease, cerebral hemorrhage, and porencephaly. We hypothesized that variations in the COL4A1 and COL4A2 genes cause PAIS and performed mutation screening of these genes in 17 PAIS patients by whole-exome sequencing. Clinical, demographic, and laboratory data of the 17 PAIS patients were obtained by evaluating hospital files retrospectively. Patients included in the study were invited to the clinic for COL4A1 and COL4A2 mutation analysis. Results: The patient group consisted of 13 females (76.5%) and four males (23.5%) with a mean age of 107.4 ± 11.5 months. Maternal/fetal and prothrombotic risk factors identified in 52.9% and 94.1% of the patients, respectively. Whole-exome sequencing analysis did not reveal COL4A1 and COL4A2 pathological mutations in any of the patients. Although we did not find an association between PAIS and COL4A1 and COL4A2 variations, we believe that new studies with larger patient populations may reveal such a relationship.
Creatividad e imaginación en el aula, metáforas que inspiran
Authors: Muñoz Dagua Clarena , Cisneros Estupiñán Mireya 
Published: February 2020

En su misión de fortalecer los procesos de lectura y escritura como prácticas fundamentales para la formación integral, el Centro de Escritura Telar (CE-Telar) de la Universidad Colegio Mayor de Cundinamarca (Bogotá, Colombia) se ha constituido en eje vital. A partir de un método de trabajo centrado en la didáctica crítica, en esta unidad académica, entre otras actividades se brindan asesorías y se dictan seminarios encaminados a mejorar la producción discursiva, dialógica y argumentativa de estudiantes, docentes y funcionarios de la institución. Desde la experiencia docente e investigativa, en esta oportunidad, se examina la importancia de la implementación gradual de la metodología del Taller Crítico como estrategia didáctica que permite el diálogo, admite el error y la corrección, a partir de incentivar la creatividad y la imaginación para el ejercicio artesanal de producción textual.
El trabajo se inscribe en los postulados provenientes de la Didáctica Crítica y en los hallazgos de los investigadores que han planteado la argumentación, el método crítico y la función colaborativa del docente como parte de la estrategia para desarrollar las habilidades de lectura y escritura en la etapa universitaria.La información se fundamenta en las sesiones de trabajo con la comunidad, durante el segundo semestre de 2018 y primer semestre de 2019, en dos de las modalidades del servicio: una, asesorías personalizadas y, dos, seminarios y talleres sobre lectura y escritura.
Circumcision requirement in children with phimosis: immediately or elective?
Authors: Sancar Serpil , Kırlı Elif Altınay 
Published: February 2020

Objective: Phimosis is define as unretractable prepuce and has two different clinical presentation; pathological (PaP) and physiological. Physiological phimosis (PhP) is a common condition in children that does not require treatment. In our study, we aimed to determine the actual requirement for circumcision in patients with phimosis who were recommended circumcision.
Material and Methods: Children who were offered circumcision due to phimosis between July 2019 and January 2020 and applied to the pediatric surgery and pediatric urology outpatient clinic were included in the study. They were evaluated in terms of referring physicians, genital examination findings and requirement for circumcision.
Results: Between the study dates, 199 patients applied for circumcision due to phimosis. 126 patients are under one year old, 73 patients are over one year old. PhP was present in 194 of the patients and PaP in 5 of them. While PaP is not detected in patients under one year of age, there are 5 patients with PaP over one year of age (2%). There was no requirement for urgent circumcision in any of the patients. Genital examination revealed incidentally undescended testicle in 3 patients and hydrocele in 12 children.
Conclusion: Male genital system examination and pathological findings are not well known by physicians. We think that there is a need for detailed training for physicians regarding PhP and childhood testicle pathologies.
Home Perspectives: JALT Journal Turns 30: A Retrospective Look at the First Three Decades
Perspectives: JALT Journal Turns 30: A Retrospective Look at the First Three Decades
Authors: Stapleton Paul , Collett Paul 
Published: February 2020

With the JALT Journal having entered its fourth decade, this retrospective of the first 30 volumes surveys some aspects of papers published in the journal, including characteristics regarding research methodology, research focus, and pedagogical level, as well as several other factors. Results of the review of 297 articles revealed that the publication has mirrored other journals in applied linguistics by adopting an empirical focus with quantitative methods being used in most of the published studies. The primary research focus was language teaching pedagogy; however, other areas receiving attention in the first three decades were pragmatics, motivation, and test reliability, with these three appearing prominently in the latter half of the 30 volumes.
論文要旨
JALTジャーナルが第二世代に入ったことにあたり、第一号から３０号まで回顧し、掲載論文の幾つかの特徴を検証する。その特徴は研究方法論、研究の焦点、そのほかの諸点における教育学的レベルに関するものである。297編の論文を調べた結果、本ジャーナルは応用言語学の分野で、これは最近の傾向である定性的研究ではなく、定量的研究アプローチを使った研究が大部分であり、それらが実証的側面重視の立場を取ることにより、他の研究誌と重なっていることが明らかになった。
当然想定されることであったが、JALTジャーナルの第一の研究主眼は語学教育学ではあるものの、第一世代の諸論文は語用論、動機論、試験の信頼性にも関心を注ぎ、この三つのテーマは第二世代の諸論文においても目だって取り上げられている。本再検討はまたJALTジャーナルのユニークな特徴を構成する要素に深く関係するいくつかの側面にも光を当てている。
ESTUDIO DE FORMULACIONES CERÁMICAS PARA AISLADORES ELÉCTRICOS
Authors: Tejada Víctor , Plée Dominique 
Published: February 2020

La empresa peruana Cerartec S.A ha elaborado aisladores eléctricos cerámicos para usos en líneas de tensión media. Estos productos, tipo carrete ANSI 53-2 (“Spool and Guy Strain Insulators”), llevan mayormente materias primas de origen nacional.
El protocolo de elaboración y la formulación afectan la porosidad residual. Los factores relevantes, tanto de formulación como de proceso, han sido determinados. En el rango estudiado, existe una relación lineal entre el módulo de rotura en flexión y la porosidad. Se comprobó también la resistencia dieléctrica de los aisladores en seco y húmedo.
In vitro Anti-influenza Activity of in silico Repurposed Candidate Drug Cycrimine
Authors: Matejin Stanislava , Bukreyeva Natalya , Radosevic Draginja , Sencanski Milan , Mantlo Emily , Veljkovic Veljko , Glisic Sanja , Paessler Slobodan 
Published: February 2020

Background Due to the limitations of current antiviral therapies because of drug resistance and the emergence of new circulating viral strains, novel effective antivirals are urgently needed. Results of the previous drug repurposing by virtual screening of DrugBank revealed the anticholinergic drug cycrimine as a possible inhibitor of the influenza virus infection. Methods In this study we examined the potential antiviral activity of cycrimine in vitro. Results The experimental results showed the anti-influenza activity of cycrimine against two different influenza A subtypes in cell culture. Conclusions The findings of this study suggest cycrimine as a potential therapeutic agent for influenza.
An Introduction to the Johannine Gospel and Letters
Authors: van der Watt Jan 
Published: February 2020

This accessible guide to the Gospel and Letters of John introduces readers to key issues arising from historical, literary, and theological approaches to the Johannine literature, also discussing the methodological rationale underlying each of these approaches. After introducing the reader to the development of the narrative structure of the book, the message (theology) is discussed in detail, with the aim of introducing the reader to the interrelatedness of the multiple theological ideas in this Gospel. Similarities, but also differences between the Gospel and Letters are constantly considered. Familiar with the content of the Gospel, readers are then confronted with questions about the origin, development and socio-cultural nature of the Gospel and letters. In each case the scholarly field is briefly reviewed and major solutions are discussed. Thorough discussions on different issues are presented in different chapters, each time referring to the relevant methodological approaches. How do the Gospel and Letters relate to the synoptics, or the Old Testament? Do we have a Gospel composed of multiple sources or is it a seamless document. How was this influential document written and where do the ideas found in the Gospel come from?
Since the aim of this book is to form a solid and comprehensive basis for future study of the Johannine literature, readers are placed firmly within the scholarly currents and streams of the Johannine literature. In terms of a metaphor: after reading the book, explorers will know what is out there and why. Now they can start to dig deeper for themselves without feeling lost in an uncharted land.
Long-range aerosol transport and impacts on size-resolved aerosol composition in Metro Manila, Philippines
Authors: Braun Rachel A. , Aghdam Mojtaba Azadi , Bañaga Paola Angela , Betito Grace , Cambaliza Maria Obiminda , Cruz Melliza Templonuevo , Lorenzo Genevieve Rose , MacDonald Alexander B. , Simpas James Bernard , Stahl Connor , Sorooshian Armin 
Published: February 2020

Abstract. This study analyzes long-range transport of aerosol and aerosol chemical
characteristics based on instances of high- and low-aerosol-loading events
determined via ground-based size-resolved aerosol measurements collected at
the Manila Observatory in Metro Manila, Philippines, from July to October 2018. Multiple data sources, including models, remote sensing, and in situ
measurements, are used to analyze the impacts of long-range aerosol
transport on Metro Manila and the conditions at the local and synoptic
scales facilitating this transport. Through the use of case studies,
evidence of long-range transport of biomass burning aerosol and continental
emissions is identified in Metro Manila. Long-range transport of biomass
burning aerosol from the Maritime Continent, bolstered by southwesterly flow
and permitted by low rainfall, was identified through model results and the
presence of biomass burning tracers (e.g., K, Rb) in the ground-based
measurements. The impacts of emissions transported from continental East
Asia on the aerosol characteristics in Metro Manila are also identified; for
one of the events analyzed, this transport was facilitated by the nearby
passage of a typhoon. Changes in the aerosol size distributions,
water-soluble chemical composition, and contributions of various organic
aerosol species to the total water-soluble organic aerosol were examined for
the different cases. The events impacted by biomass burning transport had
the overall highest concentration of water-soluble organic acids, while the
events impacted by long-range transport from continental East Asia showed
high percent contributions from shorter-chain dicarboxylic acids (i.e.,
oxalate) that are often representative of photochemical and aqueous
processing in the atmosphere. The low-aerosol-loading event was subject to a
larger precipitation accumulation than the high-aerosol events, indicative
of wet scavenging as an aerosol sink in the study region. This low-aerosol
event was characterized by a larger relative contribution from
supermicrometer aerosols and had a higher percent contribution from
longer-chain dicarboxylic acids (i.e., maleate) to the water-soluble organic
aerosol fraction, indicating the importance of both primary aerosol
emissions and local emissions.
High-accuracy coastal flood mapping for Norway using lidar data
Authors: Breili Kristian , Simpson Matthew James Ross , Klokkervold Erlend , Roaldsdotter Ravndal Oda 
Published: February 2020

Abstract. Using new high-accuracy light detection and ranging (lidar) elevation data we generate coastal flooding maps for Norway. Thus far, we have mapped ∼80 % of the coast, for which we currently have data of sufficient accuracy to perform our analysis. Although Norway is generally at low risk from sea level rise largely owing to its steep topography and land uplift due to glacial isostatic adjustment, the maps presented here show that, on local scales, many parts of the coast are potentially vulnerable to flooding. There is a considerable amount of infrastructure at risk along the relatively long and complicated coastline. Nationwide we identify a total area of 400 km2, 105 000 buildings, and 510 km of roads that are at risk of flooding from a 200-year storm surge event at present. These numbers will increase to 610 km2, 137 000, and 1340 km with projected sea level rise to 2090 (95th percentile of RCP8.5 as recommended in planning). We find that some of our results are likely biased high owing to erroneous mapping (at least for lower water levels close to the tidal datum which delineates the coastline). A comparison of control points from different terrain types indicates that the elevation model has a root-mean-square error of 0.26 m and is the largest source of uncertainty in our mapping method. The coastal flooding maps and associated statistics are freely available, and alongside the development of coastal climate services, will help communicate the risks of sea level rise and storm surge to stakeholders. This will in turn aid coastal management and climate adaptation work in Norway.
WESgraph: a graph database for the wind farm domain
Authors: Quaeghebeur Erik , Sanchez Perez-Moreno Sebastian , Zaaijer Michiel B. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract. The construction and management of a wind farm involve many disciplines.
It is hard for a single designer or developer to keep an overview of all the relevant concepts, models, and tools. Nevertheless, this is needed when performing integrated modeling or analysis. To help researchers keep this overview, we have created WESgraph (the Wind Energy System graph), a knowledge base for the wind farm domain, implemented as a graph database.
It currently contains 1222 concepts and 1725 relations between them.
This paper presents the structure of this graph database – content stored in nodes and the relationships between them – as a foundational ontology, which classifies the domain's concepts. This foundational ontology partitions the domain in two: a part describing physical aspects and a part describing mathematical and computational aspects. This paper also discusses a number of generally difficult cases that exist when adding content to such a knowledge base. This paper furthermore discusses the potential applications of WESgraph and illustrates its use for computation pathway discovery – the application that triggered its creation. It also contains a description of our practical experience with its design and use as well as our thoughts about the community use and management of this tool.