bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Human Service Landscape in the Midwestern USA: A Mixed Methods Study of Human Service Equity among the New American Population
Authors: Maleku Arati , Kagotho Njeri , Baaklini Vanessa , Filbrun Caroline , Karandikar Sharvari , Mengo Cecilia 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
As demographic shifts are occurring in many urban cities in the USA, human service organisations (HSOs) are challenged to provide services conducive to the local region’s demographic profile. In order to create urban societies where immigrant populations can thrive, prosper and become productive citizens, it is important to understand the human service landscape of the region. As part of a larger community-based participatory research project, this study explores human services geared towards the New American population in a midwestern region of the USA. This includes human service access and utilisation, as well as barriers and facilitators of human service provision and delivery, among the growing New American population. Based on the responses received from a web-based survey, in-depth interviews and focus group discussions, this study (N = 165) uses a human service equity lens to situate HSOs and community capacity at the centre of migration and human service research. Knowledge gained from this study will help promote improved service delivery systems; address the quality of direct services; and improve accessibility, accountability and service coordination among HSOs to serve the diverse New American population, which can be replicated to many other similar urban regions across the globe.
Measuring Rights-Based Practice: Introducing the Human Rights Methods in Social Work Scales
Authors: McPherson Jane , Abell Neil 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis article introduces a measurable framework for rights-based social work practice and an accompanying set of instruments, the Human Rights Methods in Social Work (HRMSW) scales: (i) ‘participation’, (ii) ‘non-discrimination’, (iii) ‘strengths perspective’, (iv) ‘micro/macro integration’, (v) ‘capacity-building’, (vi) ‘community and interdisciplinary collaboration’, (vii) ‘activism’ and (viii) ‘accountability’. These scales, designed for use by researchers, educators and practitioners, are the first to measure social workers’ use of rights-based methods. An electronic survey was used to collect data from a convenience sample of 1,014 licensed US social workers, and a confirmatory factor analysis was used to validate the scales’ psychometric properties. A respecified model using eight error covariances fit the data (χ2/df ratio = 2.9; comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.91; tucker lewis index (TLI) = 0.90; root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.04; standardized root mean square residual (SRMR) = 0.07). Thus, factor analysis yielded a set of eight related scales—collectively called the HRMSW—each measuring a different human rights practice method that social workers can use to promote human dignity and the rights-based principles of participation, accountability and non-discrimination. Scholars argue that ‘human rights’ are a more appropriate yardstick for measuring the impact of social work intervention rather than our traditional aim of social justice; the HRMSW scales can help us begin to test this proposition.
The demography of terrestrial orchids: life history, population dynamics and conservation
Authors: Shefferson Richard P , Jacquemyn Hans , Kull Tiiu , Hutchings Michael J 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Terrestrial orchid life-cycles are complex and dependent on pollinators and mycorrhizal associates. Worldwide, orchid populations are declining because of urbanization, atmospheric nitrogen deposition and climate change. To advance understanding of the factors determining orchid population viability, we review knowledge about orchid demography, life histories and population dynamics. Orchids can produce thousands of seeds, although few survive to reach maturity, with mortality rates declining from juvenile to adult life states. Flowering and fruiting rates vary widely between years, and many populations, especially of deceptive species, are pollen- and seed-limited. Many species have long lifespans and periods of vegetative dormancy and exhibit costs associated with reproduction, sprouting, vegetative dormancy, growth and size. Population growth rates range from 0.50–2.92 (mean: 0.983 ± 0.026). Although vital rates can fluctuate widely between years and be strongly correlated, these correlations have little impact on population dynamics. Variation in spatial density of fungi and microsite quality, limited dispersal and competition generate density dependence in vital rates. Future research should elucidate the roles of biotic and abiotic factors on population dynamics to underpin effective management for conservation. Understanding the impact of idiosyncratic individual plant behaviour on population dynamics will also improve demographic parameter estimation, including population growth rate and net reproductive rate.
Barriers to operationalizing intersectionality in equality third sector community development practice: power, austerity, and in/equality
Authors: Christoffersen Ashlee 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This article explores the barriers that UK equality third sector organizations practising community development face when seeking to operationalize intersectionality. It is based on research with three networks of equality organizations (racial justice, feminist, disability rights, LGBTI rights, refugee organizations, etc.) in cities in England and Scotland employing mixed qualitative methods. Barriers to operationalizing intersectionality including power relationships with the state, challenges relating to neoliberal austerity, and competing discourses of identity-based ‘equalities’ and socioeconomic ‘inequality’ were identified. The article argues that equality third sector organizations are significantly hampered in their attempts to operationalize intersectionality by the low status they occupy vis-à-vis the state and by neoliberal austerity contexts.
Multivariate Patterns of Posterior Cortical Activity Differentiate Forms of Emotional Distancing
Authors: Powers John P , Graner John L , LaBar Kevin S 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Distancing is an effective tactic for emotion regulation, which can take several forms depending on the type(s) of psychological distance being manipulated to modify affect. We recently proposed a neurocognitive model of emotional distancing, but it is unknown how its specific forms are instantiated in the brain. Here, we presented healthy young adults (N = 34) with aversive pictures during functional magnetic resonance imaging to directly compare behavioral performance and brain activity across spatial, temporal, and objective forms of distancing. We found emotion regulation performance to be largely comparable across these forms. A conjunction analysis of activity associated with these forms yielded a high degree of overlap, encompassing regions of the default mode and frontoparietal networks as predicted by our model. A multivariate pattern classification further revealed distributed patches of posterior cortical activation that discriminated each form from one another. These findings not only confirm aspects of our overarching model but also elucidate a novel role for cortical regions in and around the parietal lobe in selectively supporting spatial, temporal, and social cognitive processes to distance oneself from an emotional encounter. These regions may provide new targets for brain-based interventions for emotion dysregulation.
Common St. John’s Wort (Malpighiales: Hypericaceae): An Invasive Plant in Maine Wild Blueberry Production and Its Potential for Indirectly Supporting Ecosystem Services
Authors: Drummond Francis A 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Common St. John’s wort, Hypericum perforatum L. (Malpighiales: Hypericaceae), is a weed in Maine wild blueberry fields. A survey of its presence and relative density in 55 wild blueberry fields was conducted from 2013 to 2016. The objectives of this study were to determine how widespread it is as a weed in wild blueberry and whether it might indirectly contribute to beneficial ecosystem services for wild blueberry. It was found that St. John’s wort occurs in about half (45.5%) of all wild blueberry fields surveyed. The crop cycle (prune vs cropping year) affected its relative abundance, significantly less St. John’s wort was found in prune fields. St. John’s wort relative abundance in wild blueberry fields was not affected by farming system (conventional vs organic) or landscape surrounding blueberry fields. Geographical distribution modeling was performed using the software Maxent. In Maine, the most likely areas predicted to be infested with St. John’s wort were the two major blueberry production regions: Mid-coast and Downeast, Maine. Insects associated with St. John’s wort were diverse. This weed appears to be under considerable herbivore pressure, especially hemipterans and Chrysolina spp. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) beetles that have been released for biological control. Insect predators and parasitoids were abundant and may not only reduce herbivory on St. John’s wort but may also provide a valuable ecosystem service in terms of predator spillover, resulting in reduction of wild blueberry insect pests. Bumble bees (Bombus spp., Hymenoptera, Apidae) are the most efficient pollinator of blueberry and were the predominant bee taxa found foraging on the flowers.
Impact of renin–angiotensin system inhibitors on clinical outcomes in patients with severe aortic stenosis undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement: an analysis of from the PARTNER 2 trial and registries
Authors: Chen Shmuel , Redfors Bjorn , Nazif Tamim , Kirtane Ajay , Crowley Aaron , Ben-Yehuda Ori , Kapadia Samir , Finn Matthew T , Goel Sachin , Lindman Brian R , Alu Maria C , Chau Katherine H , Thourani Vinod H , Vahl Torsten P , Douglas Pamela S , Kodali Susheel K , Leon Martin B 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Aims
Left ventricular pressure overload is associated with activation of the cardiac renin–angiotensin system, which may contribute to myocardial fibrosis and worse clinical outcomes. We sought to assess the association between treatment with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) or angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) at baseline and clinical outcomes in patients with symptomatic, severe aortic stenosis (AS) undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) in the PARTNER 2 trial and registries.

Methods and results
A total of 3979 intermediate, high, or prohibitive risk patients who underwent TAVR in the PARTNER 2 trial and registries (excluding the valve in valve registry) were included in the study. Clinical outcomes at 2 years were compared according to baseline ACEI/ARB treatment status using Kaplan–Meier event rates and study-stratified multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models. Sensitivity analysis was conducted using propensity score matching. Of 3979 patients who were included in the current analysis, 1736 (43.6%) were treated and 2243 (56.4%) were not treated with ACEI/ARB at baseline. Treatment with ACEI/ARB was associated with lower 2-year all-cause mortality (18.6% vs. 27.5%, P &lt; 0.0001), cardiovascular mortality (12.3% vs. 17.9%, P &lt; 0.0001), and non-cardiovascular mortality (7.2% vs. 11.7%, P &lt; 0.0001). Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor/ARB treatment at baseline remained independently associated with a lower hazard of 2-year all-cause and cardiovascular mortality after multivariable adjustment, and propensity score matching.

Conclusion
In a large cohort of patients with severe symptomatic AS from the PARTNER 2 trial and registries, ACEI/ARB treatment at baseline was independently associated with a lower risk of 2-year all-cause and cardiovascular mortality.
The Impact of Perceived Control and Future-Self Views on Preparing for the Old Age: Moderating Influences of Age, Culture, and Context
Authors: Park Jeongsoo , Fung Helene H , Rothermund Klaus , Hess Thomas M 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjectivesPreparation for age-related changes has been shown to be beneficial to adjustment in later life. However, an understanding of the factors that influence such preparations is rather limited. This study examines whether perceived control and future-self views (FSV) influence preparations for old age, and if this influence varies across ages, domains of functioning, and cultures.MethodsAssessments of perceived control, FSV, and preparations for old age in each of four different life domains (social relationships, finances, work, and health) were obtained from 1,813 adults (ages 35–85) from Germany, Hong Kong, and the United States.ResultsFuture-self views partially mediated the relationship between perceived control and preparation for old age across both domains of functioning and cultures. With one exception, the association between perceived control and preparations increased with advancing age across contexts. Evidence for similar age-related moderation of the indirect effect of control through FSV was more limited.DiscussionThese results suggest that perceived control that is not necessarily related to aging affect FSV, which in turn influence preparing for old age. Further, our results indicate that such relationships are context- and age-specific, highlighting the importance of considering the salience and diversity of life domains and cultures.
Findings From a Real-World Translation Study of the Evidence-Based “Partners in Dementia Care”
Authors: Bass David M , Hornick Thomas , Kunik Mark , Judge Katherine S , Primetica Branka , Kearney Keith , Rentsch Julie , Mccarthy Catherine , Grim Jennifer 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Numerous non-pharmacological programs for family caregivers and persons with dementia (PWDs) have been found efficacious in randomized controlled trials. Few programs have been tested in translation studies that assess feasibility and outcomes in less-controlled, real-world implementations. This translation study tested the impact of the partnership version of BRI Care Consultation, “Partners in Dementia Care (PDC),” on outcomes for PWDs and their family/friend caregivers. PDC was delivered via partnerships between the Louis Stokes Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center and the Greater East Ohio Alzheimer’s Association Chapter and the Western Reserve Area Agency on Aging. PDC is a personalized coaching program done by telephone, e-mail, and regular mail.

Research Design and Methods
For this translation study, the program was implemented in a manner that mirrored a non-research implementation. The study sample included 148 caregivers and 84 PWDs who used PDC for 12 months. Research data came from 2 structured telephone interviews, one before program implementation and a follow-up after program completion. PWDs and caregivers averaged 14 telephone contacts with Care Consultants over the 12-month study period, and 12 behavioral action steps to address problems or concerns.

Results
Repeated measures ANOVAs showed the use of PDC was related to significant improvements across several outcomes for PWDs and caregivers, with greater benefits in more difficult caregiving situations. Caregivers had decreased levels of isolation, physical health strain, unmet needs; and increased confidence in caregiving capacity, informal helpers, and support service use. PWDs had decreased embarrassment about memory problems and unmet needs; and increased informal support and community service use.

Discussion and Implications
Overall, improved outcomes for PWDs and caregivers in this translation study were similar to findings from previous randomized trials, and affirmed the value of the program when delivered as a regular service offering by health care and community service organizations.
Exploring source regions of single- and double-frequency microseisms recorded in eastern North American margin (ENAM) by cross-correlation
Authors: Guo Zhen , Xue Mei , Aydin Adnan , Ma Zhitu 
Published: October 2019

Summary
Strongly asymmetric cross-correlation functions (CCF) of ambient noise indicate an inhomogeneous distribution of the noise sources, and can be used to locate these sources. With this premise, a grid-search procedure is applied to explore the frequency dependent source locations of the single- (SF) and double-frequency (DF) microseisms recorded in eastern North American margin (ENAM). The frequency dependent Rayleigh wave group velocities are determined based on CRUST1.0 model and the Preliminary Reference Earth model and then the theoretical travel time differences from each hypothetical source to all station pairs are calculated by the fast marching method. Then a misfit function at each hypothetical source is defined to take the difference between the calculated travel time differences and the time lags observed from CCFs. A factor of reliability is defined considering the Rayleigh wave attenuation, the correlation coefficients between the microseisms and the Wavewatch III hindcasts of ocean wave spectra, and the efficiency of conversion from DF energy in water to seismic Rayleigh waves as a function of water depth and frequency. Together with the correlation analyses of the power spectra densities of the microseisms among stations, the primary source regions of SF and DF microseisms recorded in ENAM are estimated: 1) the sources of SF microseisms are likely distributed in the continental shelf dominantly as well as adjacent deep ocean area in western North Atlantic Ocean, and 2) the long-period and short-period DF microseisms appear generated in deep ocean near the continental slope and in the continental shelf and slope of ENAM, respectively.
Using paired cultural modelling and cultural consensus analysis to maximize programme suitability in local contexts
Authors: Strong Adrienne E , White Tara L 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Cultural consensus analysis (CCA) is a quantitative method for determining cohesion in a specified cultural domain and cultural modelling (CM) is a method for designing and testing connections within a cultural domain based on qualitative data collection. After a description of the methods, and examples of their application, we provide a description of three main points in the programme planning, implementation and evaluation cycle at which the method can best be utilized to plan, contextualize or evaluate programmes and policies. In addition, the use of CCA and CM is not constrained to one point in time though, in order to maximize its ability to help with programme design or evaluation, it ought to be done as early as possible in the process. Through examples from research, and a broader description of the methods of CM and analysis, we provide another tool for global public health practitioners, planners and policymakers. We argue these tools can be used to great effect in a short period of time to maximize the local suitability, acceptability and quality of proposed and implemented interventions, building on existing local strengths, not just in maternal health but, more broadly.
Underwater noise recognition of marine vessels passages: two case studies using hidden Markov models
Authors: Vieira Manuel , Amorim M Clara P , Sundelöf Andreas , Prista Nuno , Fonseca Paulo J 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) is emerging as a cost-effective non-intrusive method to monitor the health and biodiversity of marine habitats, including the impacts of anthropogenic noise on marine organisms. When long PAM recordings are to be analysed, automatic recognition and identification processes are invaluable tools to extract the relevant information. We propose a pattern recognition methodology based on hidden Markov models (HMMs) for the detection and recognition of acoustic signals from marine vessels passages and test it in two different regions, the Tagus estuary in Portugal and the Öresund strait in the Baltic Sea. Results show that the combination of HMMs with PAM provides a powerful tool to monitor the presence of marine vessels and discriminate different vessels such as small boats, ferries, and large ships. Improvements to enhance the capability to discriminate different types of small recreational boats are discussed.
“Dominion status”: History, framework and context
Authors: Oliver Peter C 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This article attempts to explain “Dominion status” by various means. First, it notes that the word “Dominion” has had different meanings over time, even though it is most closely associated with the status acquired by Australia, Canada, Ireland, Newfoundland, New Zealand, and South Africa in the years 1926 to 1931. Second, Dominion status from 1926 to 1931 is compared to the constitutional claims made a century and a half earlier by American colonists. Third, Dominion Status as of 1931 is explained by way of comparison with what came before, paying particular attention to issues of repugnancy, extraterritoriality, reservation and disallowance. And, finally, this article observes the importance of constitutional conventions throughout.
Heterogeneous subsets of B-lineage regulatory cells (Breg cells)
Authors: Baba Yoshihiro , Saito Yuichi , Kotetsu Yasuaki 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
B cells represent a key cellular component of humoral immunity. Besides antigen presentation and antibody production, B cells also play a role in immune regulation and induction of tolerance through several mechanisms. Our understanding of B-lineage cells with regulatory ability has been revolutionized by the delineation of heterogeneous subsets of these cells. Specific environmental signals may further determine the polarization and function of B-lineage regulatory cells. With the availability of new genetic, molecular and pharmacological tools, considerable advances have been made toward our understanding of the surface phenotype, developmental processes and functions of these cells. These exciting discoveries, some of which are still controversial, also raise many new questions, which makes the inhibitory function of B cells a rapidly growing field in immunopathology. Here we review highlights of the regulatory activity of B cells and the recent advances in the function and phenotype of these B-cell subsets in healthy and diseased states.