bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A dynamic performance measurement system for supply chain management
Authors: Nazari-Ghanbarloo Vahid 
Published: January 2021

PurposeThis paper aims to propose a dynamic model for measurement supply chain performance (SCP) based on a dynamic balanced scorecard (DBSC). Balanced scorecard (BSC) can be defined as a popular performance measurement method that can translate the strategy into a set of performance indicators and manage the status of implementing the various strategies. However, BSC is unable to simulate the complicated environment and the dynamic behavior of performance metrics. Therefore, the author combines BSC with system dynamics (SD) to explore a more efficient tool for measurement SCP.Design/methodology/approachA dynamic causal model is proposed based on the causal hypotheses. The developed DBSC enables managers to evaluate and measure the SCP in a much-balanced way. Using DBSC makes it possible that different SCP metrics to be reviewed and distributed into the four above-mentioned perspectives. It also enables supply chain (SC) managers to evaluate different strategies to improve SCP.Findingsinvestigates two strategies to improve SCP as follows: (1) competitive strategy and (2) harvesting big data and using data mining techniques to determine the customer's expectations and then compares the results of these two strategies based on the four perspectives of DBSC and introduce the best strategy. Finally, harvesting big data and data mining is selected as the best strategy.Originality/valueThis study proposes a novel strategic management tool for measurement SCP and simulation of the complicated environment and the dynamic behavior of performance metrics. The proposed DBSC model enables managers to compare different strategies and select the best strategy.
Young people and “county lines”: a contextual and social account
Authors: Wroe Lauren Elizabeth 
Published: January 2021

Purpose
This paper aims to present an analysis of a “county lines” safeguarding partnership in a large city region of England. A critical analysis of current literature and practice responses to “county lines” is followed by the presentation of an analytical framework that draws on three contextual and social theories of (child) harm. This framework is applied to the partnership work to ask: are the interconnected conditions of criminal exploitation of children via “county lines” understood?; do interventions target the contexts of harm?; and is social and institutional harm acknowledged and addressed?

Design/methodology/approach
The analytical framework is applied to a data set collected by the author throughout a two-year study of the “county lines” partnership. Qualitative data collected by the author and quantitative data published by the partnership are coded and thematically analysed in NVivo against the analytic framework.

Findings
Critical tensions are surfaced in the praxis of multi-agency, child welfare responses to “county lines” affected young people. Generalising these findings to the child welfare sector at large, it is proposed that the contextual dynamics of child harm via “county lines” must be understood in a broader sense, including how multi-agency child welfare practices contribute to the harm experienced by young people.

Originality/value
There are limited peer-reviewed analyses of child welfare responses to “county lines”. This paper contributes to that limited scholarship, extending the analysis by adopting a critical analytic framework to a regional county lines partnership at the juncture of future national, child welfare responses to “county lines”.
Internal audit as an antecedent of economic growth
Authors: Alzeban Abdulaziz 
Published: January 2021

PurposeThis paper reports a study that examines the role of the internal audit function as a cornerstone of corporate governance, on economic growth.Design/methodology/approachData were obtained from 108 countries for the period 2011–2015. The World Bank, the Institute of Internal Auditors Research Foundation and the Transparency International Corruption Perception Index were the data sources. Two statistical techniques were used: regression analysis to test the study hypotheses and the Chi-squared test to determine whether variations between countries.FindingsThe findings suggest that conformance with internal audit standards and maturity (in years) of the internal audit department contribute to economic growth. They also reveal a relationship between the professional standing of internal audit staff (represented by professional qualifications and number of training hours annually) and the contribution to economic growth, that being that the greater the professional standing of staff, the greater internal audit conformance to the standards and the higher the contribution to economic growth. Further, the findings reveal that the impact of internal audit on economic growth varies among countries according to income classifications.Originality/valueThe consideration of internal audit as one of the four fundamental bases of corporate governance, and therefore, its relationship with economic growth is a neglected topic in the research arena. This study addresses that shortcoming by providing worldwide evidence on the contribution of internal audit to economic growth and, thus, makes a new contribution to the literature. Further, evidence is provided to enlighten poorly performing economies of the value of mandating the presence of internal audit and the compliance of it with international internal audit standards.
Determinants of sustainable competitive advantage from resource-based view: implications for hotel industry
Authors: Hossain Md Sazzad , Hussain Kashif , Kannan Suresh , Kunju Raman Nair Sree Kala 
Published: January 2021

PurposeThis study examines the relationship between absorptive capacity, team culture, competitive intelligence awareness and entrepreneurial behavior with strategic flexibility and sustainable competitive advantage and further investigates the moderating influence of innovativeness on the relationship between strategic flexibility and sustainable competitive advantage in the hotel industry.Design/methodology/approachThe current study applied a quantitative research method to collect data from five-star and luxury hotel management staff in Malaysia, using questionnaire surveys. A total of 550 questionnaires were distributed, and the researcher received 457 valid questionnaires. The hypotheses were tested using the SEM (structural equation modeling) analytical technique.FindingsThe salient findings of this research are (1) absorptive capacity, team culture and competitive intelligence awareness have a significant impact on strategic flexibility and sustainable competitive advantage, (2) entrepreneurial behavior has an insignificant effect on strategic flexibility and sustainable competitive advantage, (3) strategic flexibility has a significant impact on sustainable competitive advantage, (4) innovativeness actively moderates on the relationship between strategic flexibility and sustainable competitive advantage.Research limitations/implicationsThe study described here introduces a sustainable competitive advantage as a new and dynamic approach to explore how its outcomes or performance can be enhanced in the hotel industry. The outcomes of sustainable competitive advantage can help the long-term survival of hotels.Originality/valueThe present study suggests and explains the role of sustainable competitive advantage in the hotel industry and offers new insights into the competitive hotel industry's gaps and weaknesses.
An exploration of the role and contribution of entrepreneurship centres in UK higher education institutions
Authors: Jones Paul , Maas Gideon , Kraus Sascha , Lloyd Reason Lester 
Published: January 2021

PurposeThis study evaluates current and future roles of UK entrepreneurship centres (ECs) within Higher Education institutions. Literature suggests current activity in entrepreneurship education is strongly associated with the contribution of ECs. However, ECs experience resource limitations and high stakeholder's expectations, leading to a proliferation of aims, roles and identity issues.Design/methodology/approachThe study evaluates five UK EC using evidence from a range of stakeholders within each centre. The study considers the strategic direction of ECs, their aim and roles, resourcing and the leadership role they adopt.FindingsThe study assesses the role ECs are fulfilling in the promotion of entrepreneurship and the resource constraints limiting future development. The need for EC identity and community contribution are identified as a determinant of success.Originality/valueThis study offers novel insight into factors influencing EC behaviour and future strategy, which will be of value for UK HEI and Entrepreneurship educators.
Operationally defining family SMEs: a critical review
Authors: Roffia Paolo , Moracchiato Stefania , Liguori Eric , Kraus Sascha 
Published: January 2021

PurposeIn this study, we investigated the dilemma of devising an operational family business definition in the SME context. The existing family business literature mostly agrees with the validity of a theoretical model called F-PEC, which identifies family businesses by evaluating three dimensions: power, experience, and culture. Nonetheless, empirical studies on family SMEs still use just one or a few elements with many different thresholds to operationally define family SMEs, highlighting an unsolved definitional divergence among scholars, which limits the possibility of investigating the potential effects of family attributes on firms’ goals, structures, processes, and performance.Design/methodology/approachEmploying ancestry searching, online databases, and issue-by-issue searches from two decades (1990–2019), we analyzed 255 empirical studies that specified a family business’s operational definition (despite posing different research questions) and used a sample of small-sized and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs).FindingsResults showed ownership and governance/management are the most used elements in the operational definitions provided in the literature to date, but that there still is not a universally adopted operational definition of family SMEs in use today.Originality/valueThis paper is one of the first to comprehensively analyze and review the operationalized use of family SME definitions in the literature.
Responding to the COVID‐19 pandemic: The experiences of South Australia's Rescue, Retrieval and Aviation Services
Authors: Alderson Steven , Paddock Sharon , West Nathan , Pearce Andrew , Martin Daniel , Keir Amy 
Published: January 2021

AbstractCOVID‐19 poses significant challenges to pre‐hospital and retrieval medicine (PHRM) clinicians – and many are unique to this area of clinical practice. We share the experiences of the South Australian Ambulance Service (SAAS) MedSTAR Emergency Medical Retrieval Service in preparing for the COVID‐19 pandemic in the pre‐hospital and retrieval setting – including the role of a multidisciplinary leadership team; challenges and potential approaches to screening for COVID‐19; personal protective equipment for pre‐hospital and aeromedical taskings; issues arising with interstate retrievals; and the role of telehealth. Although novel solutions allowed SAAS MedSTAR to continue to deliver high‐quality care, considering the resource implications involved in undertaking the transfer of patients with COVID‐19, it is clear that significant community disease transmission threatens to overwhelm any PHRM service. Should Australia face a significant future outbreak, it is conceivable that some PHRM operations may need to be reduced or suspended entirely.
Does volume or occupancy influence emergency access block? A multivariate time series analysis from a single emergency department in Sydney, Australia during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Bein Kendall J , Berendsen Russell Saartje , Ní Bhraonáin Sinéad , Seimon Radhika V , Dinh Michael M 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe study aims to determine whether ED presentation volume or hospital occupancy had a greater impact on ED performance before and during the COVID‐19 health response at a tertiary referral hospital in Sydney, Australia.MethodsSingle centre time series analysis using routinely collected hospital and ED data from January 2019 to September 2020. The primary outcome was ED access block measured by emergency treatment performance (ETP; i.e. percentage of patients who were discharged or transferred to a ward from ED within 4 h of ED arrival time). Secondary outcomes were hospital occupancy, elective theatre cases and ambulance ramping. Multivariate time series analysis was performed using vector autoregression, to model effects of changes in various endogenous and correlated variables on ETP.ResultsThere was an increase in ETP, drop in ED presentations and decrease in hospital occupancy between April and June 2020. Elective surgery and hospital occupancy had significant effects up to 2 days prior on ETP, while there were no significant effects of either ED or ambulance presentations on ETP. Hospital occupancy itself increased with ED presentations after 2–4 days and decreased with elective surgery after 1 day. Shocks (a one standard deviation increase) in hospital occupancy had a peak impact nearly two times greater compared to ED presentations (−1.43, 95% confidence interval −1.92, −0.93 vs −0.73, 95% confidence interval −1.21, −0.25).ConclusionThe main determinants of the reduction of ED overcrowding and access block during the pandemic were associated with reductions in hospital occupancy and elective surgery levels, and more research is required to assess more complex associations beyond the scope of this manuscript.
The discernible and hidden effects of clonality on the genotypic and genetic states of populations: Improving our estimation of clonal rates
Authors: Stoeckel Solenn , Porro Barbara , Arnaud‐Haond Sophie 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPartial clonality is widespread across the tree of life, but most population genetic models are designed for exclusively clonal or sexual organisms. This gap hampers our understanding of the influence of clonality on evolutionary trajectories and the interpretation of population genetic data. We performed forward simulations of diploid populations at increasing rates of clonality (c), analysed their relationships with genotypic (clonal richness, R, and distribution of clonal sizes, Pareto β) and genetic (FIS and linkage disequilibrium) indices, and tested predictions of c from population genetic data through supervised machine learning. Two complementary behaviours emerged from the probability distributions of genotypic and genetic indices with increasing c. While the impact of c on R and Pareto β was easily described by simple mathematical equations, its effects on genetic indices were noticeable only at the highest levels (c > 0.95). Consequently, genotypic indices allowed reliable estimates of c, while genetic descriptors led to poorer performances when c < 0.95. These results provide clear baseline expectations for genotypic and genetic diversity and dynamics under partial clonality. Worryingly, however, the use of realistic sample sizes to acquire empirical data systematically led to gross underestimates (often of one to two orders of magnitude) of c, suggesting that many interpretations hitherto proposed in the literature, mostly based on genotypic richness, should be reappraised. We propose future avenues to derive realistic confidence intervals for c and show that, although still approximate, a supervised learning method would greatly improve the estimation of c from population genetic data.
Thymic epithelial tumors: Do we know all the prognostic factors?
Authors: Knetki‐Wróblewska Magdalena , Kowalski Dariusz M. , Olszyna‐Serementa Marta , Krzakowski Maciej , Szołkowska Małgorzata 
Published: January 2021

BackgroundThymic epithelial tumors constitute a morphologically and clinically diverse group of rare neoplasm of the anterior mediastinum.MethodsHere, we present an analysis of 188 patients diagnosed with primary thymic tumors between 1995 and 2015. The prognostic value of selected clinical and morphological factors was assessed in relation to overall survival and recurrence‐free survival.ResultsThe risk of recurrence increased significantly in thymic carcinoma diagnosis (P = 0.0036), co‐occurrence of other diseases, and weight loss (P = 0.0012 and 0.0348, respectively). Multivariate analysis showed that the most important independent risk factor for disease recurrence was clinical stage IV (P = 0.0036). A total of 63 patients (33.5%) died. In the univariate analysis, the following factors were considered as independent prognostic factors for overall survival: clinical stage (P < 0.0001), histological type (P < 0.0001), lymph node involvement (P < 0.001), WHO performance status 2 (P < 0.0001), anemia (Hb <9.5 g/dL; P = 0.0002), leucocytosis (>12.5 G/L; P = 0.0011), LDH level (>185 U/L; P < 0.0001), concomitant diseases (P = 0.0012) and weight loss (P < 0.0001).The strongest independent risk factor for death was stage IV disease (P < 0.001).ConclusionsThe results confirmed a fairly good prognosis for patients with thymic epithelial tumors. Clinical stage was the most important prognostic factor, but, some additional clinical factors may also have prognostic value.
Transcriptome analysis of crown gall in radish (Raphanus sativus L.) inbred lines
Authors: Tkachenko Alexander A. , Gancheva Maria S. , Tvorogova Varvara E. , Danilov Lavrenty G. , Predeus Alexander V. , Dodueva Irina E. , Lutova Ludmila L. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractStudying aberrations of normal developmental processes like plant tumour initiation provides a great opportunity for understanding of systemic control of plant cells differentiation. Most well‐studied example of plant tumour is the crown gall caused by Agrobacterium tumefaciens; much less studied are spontaneous tumours developing in plants with certain genotype, regardless of agrobacterial infection. In the present study, we used RNA‐seq to analyse the changes in gene expression at the early stages of development of A. tumefaciens‐induced tumours in radish seedlings. In our studies we used two closely related radish inbred lines contrasting in their ability to form spontaneous tumours. RNA‐seq and qPCR analysis showed significant changes in the expression levels for numerous genes involved in different metabolic and developmental processes, and Gene Ontology analysis indicated many biological processes probably involved in the crown gall development in radish. For example, a unique result of our research is upregulation of genes related to photomorphogenesis and downregulation of senescence‐associated genes in the young crown gall tumours. Differences in gene expression between the analysed radish lines included upregulation of pathways related to chromatin remodelling and protein targeting to chloroplast in the tumorous line along with downregulation of pathways of chaperone‐mediated complex assembly and anthocyanin biosynthesis.
Effects ofSolanum mauritianumScopoli (bugweed) invasion on soil and vegetation in Vhembe Biosphere Reserve, South Africa
Authors: Ruwanza Sheunesu 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis study examined the effects ofSolanum mauritianumScopoli (bugweed) invasion on soil properties and vegetation diversity and cover on three paired invaded and uninvaded sites in Vhembe Biosphere Reserve, Limpopo Province of South Africa. Soils were analysed for pH, total P, C, N and exchangeable cations of Na, K, Ca and Mg. In addition, soil moisture content, penetration resistance levels and soil water repellency were measured over three months. Vegetation diversity and cover were surveyed in plots measuring 10 × 10 m in both invaded and uninvaded sites. Results showed that soil pH, nutrient concentrations of total P, N, C, cations of K, Ca and Mg, soil penetration resistance levels and water repellency were significantly (P < 0.01) higher in the invaded than uninvaded sites. Soil moisture were significantly (P < 0.001) higher in the uninvaded than invaded sites. Vegetation diversity and cover were significantly (P < 0.01) lower in the invaded than uninvaded sites. Results indicate that bugweed invasion alters some soil properties and negatively impact native species diversity and cover. These results provide the first evidence in South Africa that bugweed invasion contributes to soil changes and vegetation displacement, therefore, the need to manage it through clearing.
Cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma mimicking palmoplantar pustular psoriasis: A rare variant
Authors: Hignett Emma , Seminario‐Vidal Lucia , Shulman Kenneth , Sami Naveed 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe development of pustular cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma (CTCL) on the palms and soles is rare. Without confirmatory biopsy and molecular studies, CTCL can be misdiagnosed as many benign inflammatory skin diseases. We present a case of cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma (CTCL) that mimicked palmoplantar pustular psoriasis, a rarely reported manifestation of the disease. We stress the importance of biopsy to confirm diagnoses, especially when preliminary diagnoses do not respond to empiric treatment.
Ay Vieja
Authors: Mallon Andrews Kyrstin 
Published: January 2021

SummaryMost anthropologists traffic in the collection of stories. We call them “vignettes,” inserting them into our narratives in ways that behoove our theoretic aims. There are some stories, however, that resist such extraction, living in the fields of our ethnographic research. They are public memory, told and retold by various people at different times. Mingolo’s story was one of these narratives in the rural border town where I conducted research. I never passed up an opportunity to listen to him talk story or list off his physical ailments. In this written rendition of an oral tradition, I have tried to remain loyal to the art of Caribbean storytelling, consolidating a kaleidoscopic range of perspectives, using footnotes (like Junot Díaz and Patrick Chamoiseau) to offer alternative dimensions and immersive textures. Untimely deaths have claimed many of those for whom I care deeply. Many of these deaths happened while I was living in the field, and writing was a way I felt I could remain in the presence of these people for just a few moments longer. This narrative is my attempt to piece together the shards in a mosaic of memories about a man who will be forever deeply missed.