bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dermatochirurgische Übertherapie eines Naevuszellnaevus als Behandlungsfehler
Authors: Elsner P. 
Published: July 2020

ZusammenfassungEin Patient hatte die Zahlung der Arztrechnung eines Dermatologen verweigert, weil er die Exzision eines „bedenklichen“ Naevuszellnaevus am Rücken mit Deckung des Defektes mittels Verschiebelappenplastik als unangemessen groß bemängelte. Erst nach 5 Jahren klagte er auf Schadensersatz und Schmerzensgeld beim zuständigen Landgericht, das die Klage mit Hinweis auf die zwischenzeitlich eingetretene Verjährung ablehnte. Im Berufungsverfahren gab das Oberlandesgericht der Klage jedoch statt und stellte fest, dass es behandlungsfehlerhaft sei, wenn ein Hautarzt ein Muttermal von 5 mm im Durchmesser entfernt und die Wunde mittels einer Lappenplastik so verschließt, dass es zu einer Narbenlänge von 16 cm kommt. Auch beginnt die Verjährungsfrist nach einem Behandlungsfehler erst dann, wenn der Patient als medizinischer Laie Kenntnis von Tatsachen erlangt, aus denen sich ergibt, dass der Arzt von dem üblichen ärztlichen Vorgehen abgewichen war oder Maßnahmen nicht getroffen hatte, die nach ärztlichem Standard zur Vermeidung oder Beherrschung von Komplikationen erforderlich gewesen wären.Leitliniengerecht sollten Dermatologen in einem zweizeitigen Vorgehen klinisch suspekte Naevuszellnaevi eng umschrieben exzidieren und erst bei Vorliegen eines dermatohistologisch nachgewiesenen malignen Melanoms eine Nachexzision mit den empfohlenen Sicherheitsabständen je nach der Tumordicke nach Breslow von 1 – 2 cm und dann entsprechend erforderlicher Defektdeckung durchführen.
Lipatrophie nach Triamcinolon-Injektion
Authors: Elsner P. , Meyer J. 
Published: July 2020

ZusammenfassungEine Patientin wurde vom Hausarzt aufgrund einer Rhinitis allergica mittels einer Injektion mit Triamcinolon intramuskulär im Bereich des Oberarms behandelt. Im Injektionsbereich wurde 9 Monate später eine 5 cm im Durchmesser große Lipathrophie nachgewiesen. Die Schlichtungsstelle bejahte einen ärztlichen Behandlungsfehler. Die parenterale Verabreichung von Kortikosteroiden vom Typ Triamcinolon-Depot sollte Situationen vorbehalten bleiben, in denen eine lokale bzw. orale Therapie nicht durchführbar oder kein ausreichender Therapieeffekt zu erzielen ist; es war jedoch weder die Schwere der allergischen Rhinitis noch eine vorherige Behandlung mit laut Fachstandard zunächst empfohlenen lokalen bzw. systemischen Antiallergika dokumentiert. Zudem war maßgeblich für die Verursachung der Komplikation einer aseptischen Lipatrophie die fehlerhafte Injektionstechnik sowohl bez. der Tiefe als auch des Injektionsortes zu beanstanden.Die intra- und/oder subkutane Injektion einer Triamcinolon-Kristallsuspension hat ein hohes Risikopotenzial, eine langanhaltende Atrophie der Dermis oder des subkutanen Fettgewebes zu verursachen. Die gluteal tief intramuskuläre Anwendung von Triamcinolonacetonid für die Therapie der allergischen Rhinitis ist nur zugelassen, wenn diese einen schweren Verlauf zeigt und eine leitliniengerechte Lokaltherapie versagt hat. Diese Indikationseinschränkungen sollten streng beachtet und Patienten über das Nebenwirkungspotenzial der Therapie rechtswirksam aufgeklärt werden.
Prenatal Diagnosis of Vein of Galen Aneurysmal Malformation Allows Early Transumbilical Endovascular Treatment
Authors: Demartini Zeferino , Koppe Gelson Luis , Gatto Luana A.M. , Sarquis Ana Lucia , Francisco Alexandre N. , Cardoso-Demartini Adriane 
Published: July 2020

AbstractNeonates with vein of Galen aneurysmal malformation (VGAM) presenting with severe cardiac failure and pulmonary hypertension represent a challenge for endovascular therapy. When early treatment is required, the small femoral arteries in this population are usually difficult to cannulate. Alternatively, the umbilical vessels offer a natural pathway to reach the lesion. Therefore, prenatal diagnosis of VGAM allows for delivery planning, perinatal management, and embolization through umbilical approach, thus leading to better outcomes.
Intractable Scapular Pain Due to Undiagnosed Osteoid Osteoma: A Case Report
Authors: Veerapaneni Karthika , Veerapaneni Poornachand , Kapoor Nidhi , Samant Rohan S , Yadala Sisira , Sheng Sen , Nalleballe Krishna 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
A 36-year-old female patient presented to our stroke neurology clinic for progressively worsening intractable, sharp, shooting interscapular pain radiating to the right shoulder and neck, which she had experienced for 4 years. She had previously seen an orthopedist and was referred to a neurosurgeon for surgical intervention after an MRI of the cervical spine showed the C3–C4 right vertebral artery loop protruding into the right C3–C4 neural foramen and compressing the exiting C4 nerve root. MR neurography showed a stable tortuous right vertebral artery loop, causing a mass effect on the dorsal root ganglion. A neuroforaminal decompression surgery was planned. However, the patient visited our stroke neurology clinic for a second opinion before surgery. An MRI of the thoracic spine showed an enhancing soft tissue mass at the right T4–T5 pedicles and adjacent body. A chest CT with contrast showed a 1 cm radiolucent lesion in the superior articular facet of T5, which represented a nidus. A technetium bone scan showed focal increased uptake within the right T5 pedicle, which is indicative of osteoid osteoma. The patient underwent laminectomy/resection and was pain-free at a 6-month follow-up; biopsy confirmed osteoid osteoma. This case illustrates the importance of neurolocalization during diagnostic testing.
Modified Ipsilateral Endonasal Endoscopic Trans-Sphenoidal Approach to Sphenoid Sinus Lateral Recess Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak Management in Two Cases: A Technical Note
Authors: Rai Survendra Kumar R. , Dandpat Saswat Kumar 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Background Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak from the sphenoid sinus lateral recess (SSLR) is very rare. Majority prefer transpterygoid approach which is extensive and time consuming. Two such cases were managed with least possible dissection/destruction of paranasal sinus.

Methods Two cases of SSLR were accessed through the ipsilateral nostril from the side of CSF leak. Wide ipsilateral anterior sphenoidotomy was done preserving intersinus septum of sphenoid sinus. Middle turbinate was lateralized and remaining paranasal structures were preserved. Two handed single nostril approach was done in both the cases by 45- and 70-degree endoscope along with angled instruments. SSLR defects were visualized and packed with autologous fat graft and glue.

Results SSLR defects could be visualized and packed with fat graft in both the cases from ipsilateral side. Both cases had uneventful outcome with no leak with mean ­follow-up of 11.5 months.

Conclusion Modified ipsilateral endonasal endoscopy trans-sphenoidal approach is least invasive technique for SSLR leak. Use of angled scope and instruments help in defect visualization, avoiding extensive paranasal sinus dissection and bony removal. Tedious time-consuming reconstructive procedures can be avoided with simple fat graft with good outcome.
Nodal and Pedal MR Lymphangiography of the Central Lymphatic System: Techniques and Applications
Authors: Pieper Claus Christian 
Published: July 2020

AbstractNovel lymphatic imaging and interventional techniques are increasingly used in the diagnostic workup and treatment of pathologies of the central lymphatic system and have opened a new field of interventional radiology. The mainstay of lymphatic imaging today is magnetic resonance lymphangiography (MRL). It provides information on the anatomy of the central lymphatic system, lymphatic flow, as well as lymphatic pathologies and therefore is a valuable tool for treatment planning. There are two techniques to perform contrast-enhanced MRL: nodal dynamic contrast-enhanced MRL (nodal DCE-MRL) and interstitial transpedal MRL (tMRL). Nodal DCE-MRL yields superior information on lymphatic flow dynamics and is therefore best suited for suspected lymphatic flow pathologies and lymphatic malformations. tMRL is a technically simpler alternative for central lymphatic visualization without the need for sonographically guided lymph node cannulation. This review article describes current MRL techniques with a focus on contrast-enhanced MRL, their specific advantages, and possible clinical applications in patients suffering from pathologies of the central lymphatic system.
Complications during Lymphangiography and Lymphatic Interventions
Authors: Majdalany Bill S. , Sanogo Mamadou L. , Pabon-Ramos Waleska M. , Wilson Kyle A. , Goswami Abhishek K. , Kokabi Nima , Khaja Minhaj S. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractLymphangiography as a diagnostic procedure dates back to the 1950s and was widely performed for several decades until being supplanted by other advanced imaging techniques. With the advent of thoracic duct embolization to treat chylothorax, Constantin Cope ushered in a transition from lymphangiography as a diagnostic procedure to a precursor for lymphatic intervention. Subsequently, technical modifications and applications of lymphatic embolization to other medical conditions have greatly expanded the scope and application of lymphangiography and lymphatic intervention. Although there is increasing familiarity with lymphatic interventions, few interventionalists have performed a high enough volume to be aware of potential complications and their management. Potential complications of lymphangiography and those encountered while performing lymphatic interventions are discussed along with approaches to minimize their risk and management strategies should they occur.
Leptomeningeal Carcinomatosis Secondary to Esophageal Cancer Diagnosed on Cytology
Authors: Jagtap Sunil Vitthalrao , Khoja Shoaib , Jagtap Shubham S. , Gudur Rashmi , Janugade Hemant 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Esophageal carcinoma is considered a common malignancy across the globe. These patients usually present with an advanced stage of the disease at the time of diagnosis. Herein, we report a 55-year male patient who presented with leptomeningeal carcinomatosis, detected on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytology in a case of adenocarcinoma lower third esophagus. On radiological imaging, he also had extensive metastatic deposits in the liver, pleura, and regional and paravertebral lymph nodes.
Is Preimplantation Genetic Testing Associated with Increased Risk of Abnormal Placentation After Frozen Embryo Transfer?
Authors: Swanson Kate , Huang David , Kaing Amy , Blat Cinthia , Rosenstein Melissa G. , Mok-Lin Evelyn , Gras Joanne , Sperling Jeffrey D. 
Published: July 2020

Objective This study aimed to assess the association of preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) with abnormal placentation among a cohort of pregnancies conceived after frozen embryo transfer (FET).
Study Design This is a retrospective cohort study of women who conceived via FET at the University of California, San Francisco from 2012 to 2016 with resultant delivery at the same institution. The primary outcome was abnormal placentation, including placenta accreta, retained placenta, abruption, placenta previa, vasa previa, marginal or velamentous cord insertion, circumvallate placenta, circummarginate placenta, placenta membranacea, bipartite placenta, and placenta succenturiata. Diagnosis was confirmed by reviewing imaging, delivery, and pathology reports. Our secondary outcome was hypertensive disease of pregnancy.
Results A total of 311 pregnancies were included in analysis; 158 (50.8%) underwent PGT. Baseline demographic characteristics were similar between groups except for age at conception and infertility diagnosis. Women with PGT were more likely to undergo single embryo transfer (82.3 vs. 64.1%, p < 0.001). There were no statistically significant differences in the rate of the primary outcome (26.6 vs. 27.4%, p = 0.86) or hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (33.5 vs. 33.3%, p = 0.97), which remained true after multivariate analysis was performed.
Conclusion Among pregnancies conceived after FET, PGT is not associated with a statistically significant increased risk of abnormal placentation or hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.
Key Points
Assessment of monthly economic losses in Wuhan under the lockdown against COVID-19
Authors: You Shibing , Wang Hengli , Zhang Miao , Song Haitao , Xu Xiaoting , Lai Yongzeng 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWith the outbreak of COVID-19 in Wuhan, aggressive countermeasures have been taken, including the implementation of the unprecedented lockdown of the city, which will necessarily cause huge economic losses for the city of Wuhan. In this paper, we attempt to uncover the interactions between epidemic prevention and control measures and economic-social development by estimating the health loss and meso-economic loss from a human-oriented perspective. We implemented a compartmental model for the transmission dynamics and health burden assessment to evaluate the health losses, then estimated the direct and indirect economic losses of industries using the Input-Output model. Based on these estimates, the first monthly health losses and meso-economic losses caused by the lockdown was assessed. The overall policy effect of the lockdown policy in Wuhan was also investigated. The health loss and meso-economic losses are used to evaluate the health burden and loss of residents’ mental health, the direct economic loss of several worst-hit industries, and the indirect economic loss of all industries, respectively. Our findings reveal that the health burden caused by this pandemic is estimated to be 4.4899 billion yuan (CNY), and the loss of residents’ mental health is evaluated to be 114.545 billion yuan, the direct economic losses in transport, logistics, and warehousing, postal service, food, and beverage service industries reach 21.6094 billion yuan, and the monthly indirect economic losses of all industries are 36.39661994 billion yuan caused by the lockdown. The total monthly economic losses during the lockdown reach 177.0413 billion yuan. However, the lockdown policy has been considered to reduce COVID-19 infections by >180 thousand, which saves about 20 thousand lives, as well as nearly 30 billion yuan on medical costs. Therefore, the lockdown policy in Wuhan has obvious long-term benefits on the society and the total economic losses will be at a controllable level if effective measures are taken to combat COVID-19.
Specific targeting of ovarian tumor-associated macrophages by large, anionic nanoparticles
Authors: Haber Tom , Cornejo Yvonne R. , Aramburo Soraya , Flores Linda , Cao Pengpeng , Liu Alice , Mooney Rachael , Gilchrist Megan , Tirughana Revathiswari , Nwokafor Ugochi , Abidi Wafa , Han Ernest , Dellinger Thanh , Wakabayashi Mark T. , Aboody Karen S. , Berlin Jacob M. 
Published: July 2020

Significance
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are abundant in tumor microenvironments and are predominantly immunosuppressive. The ratio between immunosuppressive M2 TAMs and proinflammatory M1 TAMs correlates with worse outcomes for many cancers, including ovarian cancer. TAMs are potential targets for immunotherapy, and here we show that, when relatively large (>100-nm) anionic nanoparticles are administered intraperitoneally (i.p.), they selectively accumulate in TAMs with high efficiency (>60% of injected dose). The composition of particles that achieve this targeting appears to be quite flexible. Thus, based on our results, many formulations can now be tested for targeted immunotherapy of ovarian cancer and other cancers of the i.p. cavity.
Steel surface defect classification using multi-resolution empirical mode decomposition and LBP
Authors: Samsudin Siti Salbiah , Arof Hamzah , Harun Sulaiman Wadi , Wahab Ainuddin Wahid Abdul , Idris Mohamad Yamani Idna 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In this work we introduce Multi-Resolution Empirical Mode Decomposition (MREMD) as an image decomposition method that simplifies the implementation of Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) for bidimensional data. The proposed method is used in conjunction with the local binary pattern (LBP) to classify the images of six types of defects that can be found on the surface of rolled steel. The process starts by performing MREMD on the training images to obtain the first bidimensional intrinsic mode function (BIMF). Then features are extracted from the images and their first BIMF using the LBP. These features are used to train an artificial neural network (ANN) classifier. After training, given an unknown test image containing a defect, MREMD is applied on it to obtain its first BIMF. Next, LBP features are extracted from the image and its first BIMF and these features are fed to the trained ANN classifier to assign the image to one of the six defect classes. The classification process is carried out on 900 test images of the NEU database of six types of surface defects. The approach achieves an overall accuracy that is better than the result obtained using the LBP features alone. The main contribution of this paper is the introduction of multi resolution envelope interpolation using downsampling and upsampling with a fixed window size that reduces the execution time and decrease the sensitivity of the resulting BIMFs to the positions and number of extrema in the input image.
Smart quantum dot LEDs with simulated solar spectrum for intelligent lighting
Authors: Zhao Yue , Xue Dingke , Wang Jiatong , Lu Min , Shen Xinyu , Gao Xupeng , Yu William W , Bai Xue 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
LED light bulbs that simulate solar spectrum were fabricated using CdSe core–shell quantum dots in combination with GaN blue-light chips. They exhibited excellent optical properties such as white CIE coordinates of (0.33, 0.33), high color rendering index (CRI) of 98 and correlated color temperature (CCT) of 5352 K. Moreover, a circuit system was used to control the LEDs so that the lighting spectrum changes with the time in a day to simulate the actual solar spectrum. The results show that the sun-like spectrum smart bulbs not only have good optical properties and high electrical stability, but also can automatically adjust their spectrum according to the time, making the lighting natural. This work makes sun-like lighting conditions for some special environments to promote the application of smart bulbs in smart lighting.
Gravitational dipole moment from an exact solution with torsion
Authors: Hammond R T 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Dipole fields are common in electromagnetism and may be viewed as the result of a positive and negative charge (or pole) which are close together. A dipole field in gravity is not expected to exist because negative mass has never been observed. However, an exact solution to the gravitational field equations with torsion is presented that does correspond to a dipole gravitational field, even though there is no negative mass. The theory is based on a non-symmetric metric tensor, and it is found there is a singularity in the metric tensor at the origin but no event horizon. Gravitational dipoles have been used to solve the dark matter problem.
Effective charge from lattice QCD *
Authors: Cui Z.-F. , Zhang J.-L. , Binosi D. , De Soto F. , Mezrag C. , Papavassiliou J. , Roberts C. D. , Rodríguez-Quintero J. , Segovia J. , Zafeiropoulos S. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Using lattice configurations for quantum ​​​​​chromodynamics (QCD) generated with three domain-wall fermions at a physical pion mass, we obtain a parameter-free prediction of QCD’s renormalisation-group-invariant process-independent effective charge,

. Owing to the dynamical breaking of scale invariance, evident in the emergence of a gluon mass-scale,

GeV, this coupling saturates at infrared momenta:

. Amongst other things:

is almost identical to the process-dependent (PD) effective charge defined via the Bjorken sum rule; and also that PD charge which, employed in the one-loop evolution equations, delivers agreement between pion parton distribution functions computed at the hadronic scale and experiment. The diversity of unifying roles played by

suggests that it is a strong candidate for that object which represents the interaction strength in QCD at any given momentum scale; and its properties support a conclusion that QCD is a mathematically well-defined quantum field theory in four dimensions.
Phenomenological advantages of the normal neutrino mass ordering *
Authors: Ge Shao-Feng , Zhu Jing-yu 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The preference of the normal neutrino mass ordering from the recent cosmological constraint and the global fit of neutrino oscillation experiments does not seem like a wise choice at first glance since it obscures the neutrinoless double beta decay and hence the Majorana nature of neutrinos. Contrary to this naive expectation, we point out that the actual situation is the opposite. The normal neutrino mass ordering opens the possibility of excluding the higher solar octant and simultaneously measuring the two Majorana CP phases in future

experiments. Especially, the funnel region will completely disappear if the solar mixing angle takes the higher octant. The combined precision measurement by the JUNO and Daya Bay experiments can significantly reduce the uncertainty in excluding the higher octant. With a typical

sensitivity on the effective mass

, the neutrinoless double beta decay experiment can tell if the funnel region really exists and hence exclude the higher solar octant. With the sensitivity further improved to sub-meV, the two Majorana CP phases can be simultaneously determined. Thus, the normal neutrino mass ordering clearly shows phenomenological advantages over the inverted one.
Top quark pair production at complete NLO accuracy with NNLO+NNLL′ corrections in QCD *
Authors: Czakon Michał , Ferroglia Andrea , Mitov Alexander , Pagani Davide , Papanastasiou Andrew S. , Pecjak Benjamin D. , Scott Darren J. , Tsinikos Ioannis , Wang Xing , Yang Li Lin , Zaro Marco 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
We describe predictions for top quark pair differential distributions at hadron colliders, by combining the next-to-next-to-leading order quantum chromodynamics calculations and next-to-leading order electroweak corrections with double resummation at the next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy of threshold logarithms and small-mass logarithms. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to present such a combination, which incorporates all known perturbative information. Numerical results are presented for the invariant-mass distribution, transverse-momentum distribution, and rapidity distributions.
QCD phase diagram at finite isospin chemical potential and temperature in an IR-improved soft-wall AdS/QCD model *
Authors: Cao Xuanmin , Liu Hui , Li Danning , Ou Guanning 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
We study the phase transition between the pion condensed phase and normal phase, as well as chiral phase transition in a two flavor (

) IR- improved soft-wall AdS/QCD model at finite isospin chemical potential

and temperature T. By self-consistently solving the equations of motion, we obtain the phase diagram in the plane of

and T. The pion condensation appears together with a massless Nambu-Goldstone boson

, which is very likely to be a second-order phase transition with mean-field critical exponents in the small

region. When

, the critical isospin chemical potential approximates to vacuum pion mass

. The pion condensed phase exists in an arched area, and the boundary of the chiral crossover intersects the pion condensed phase at a tri-critical point. Qualitatively, the results are in good agreement with previous studies on lattice simulations and model calculations.