bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pemanfaatan Teknologi Dalam Upaya Mengantisipasi Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDS) Petani Di Kube Usaho Basamo
Authors: Mufti Dessi , Duskiardi Duskiardi , Zoni Mirza 
Published: December 2020

Pertanian di Indonesia umumnya masih dilakukan secara sangat sederhana dengan mengandalkan tenaga manusia dan hewan. Jorong Koto Gadang merupakan daerah yang berpotensi untuk bercocok tanam holtikultura seperti tomat, cabe, kol, dan sayur-sayuran lainnya. Lahan yang tersedia lebih kurang seluas 20 ha, tetapi tergarap semua oleh masyarakat. ini disebabkan petani masih menggunakan peralatan manual (cangkul) untuk mengolah lahan yang ada. Selain itu pekerjaan mencangkul yang relatif lama akan dapat menyebabkan resiko cedera pada beberapa bagian anggota tubuh (Musculoskeletal Disorders/MSDs). Dirasakan sangat perlu memanfaatkan teknologi yang telah untuk memudahkan pekerjaan petani dan mengurangi resiko cedera tersebut. Berdasarkan asesmen awal dengan REBA diperoleh skor awal 10 artinya resiko levelnya sangat tinggi dan tindakan perbaikan perlu saat ini juga. Teknologi yang dapat digunakan adalah menggunakan cultivator. Pemilihan cultivator ini diperoleh dari diskusi dengan anggota Kube dengan melihat kondisi lahan dan fungsinya. Selanjutnya dilakukan asesmen kembali dengan REBA dan memperlihatkan hasil lebih baik dengan skor 7 yang artinya masih perlu perbaikan. Perbaikan dapat dilakukan dengan memodifikasi alat dan jenis material alat tersebut. Kata Kunci: Ergonomi, Holtikultura, KUBE, Musculoskeletal disorders
Meraih Mimpi Bersama Si Gemulai Ulat Sutra Di Dusun Kopek Kecamatan Puspo Kabupaten Pasuruan
Authors: Hariyanto Rudi , Erwantiningsih Eni 
Published: December 2020

Dusun Kropek merupakan bagian dari desa Janjangwulung yang berada di wilayah kecamatan Puspo kabupaten Pasuruan, ada beberapa kelompok yang telah dibentuk UMKM salah satunya petani ulat sutera sebanyak 2 kelompok dengan jumlah anggota masing-masing 20 orang. Akan tetapi kelompok tersebut kurang aktif baik dalam bidang produksi maupun pemasaran. Peternakan ulat sutra ini mempunyai prospek yang tinggi karena faktor utamanya yaitu ketersediaan lahan yang luas sumber makanan yang melimpah untuk membudidayakan ulat sutra. Selama ini kelompok peternak ulat sutra hanya sebatas pembesaran ulat sutra, setelah ulat sutra itu memasuki masa panen para peternak ulat sutra menjual dengan harga yang ralatif murah di bandingkan dengan sutra yang sudah di proses menjadi benang. Berdasarkan dari permasalahan tersebut penulis mengangkat tema pemberdayaan ulat sutra untuk membantu dalam permasalahan tersebut, seperti bagaimana cara membuat pembukuan dan proses pengintalan. Untuk itu, kegiatan Pengabdian Masyarakat perlu mendukung upanya untuk peningkatan perekonomian daerah melalui UMKM dengan membuat suatu inofasi berupa alat untuk pemisahan kepompong ulat sutra menjadi benang.Kata Kunci: Ulat Sutra; pembukuan; Pengintal sutra
“True of Voice”: Shaw, Florence Farr, and George J. Lee's The Voice
Authors: Paterson Adrian 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT:
This article investigates the origins of Bernard Shaw's interest in the voice and traces the effects on his work. Conducting a contextual analysis of The Voice (1870), a singer's handbook issued by his surrogate father George J. Lee, it finds its ideas resurfacing throughout Shaw's writing life and describes how Shaw's early attention to what Barthes calls “the grain of the voice” thus became an obsession. Shaw's conception of the voice in practice and his portrayal of communication, presence, and truth are illuminated by dialogue with actress Florence Farr, not only played out in Pygmalion, Caesar and Cleopatra, and Saint Joan, but answered by the ritual vocalizations of Farr's Egyptian plays. Tracing Pygmalion's connection with Lee's musical exhortations allows space, potentially, for Eliza as female vocalist to move from mechanized automaton to the singer's gendered semiautonomy, elucidating nineteenth-century origins of contemporary anxieties around media, gender, and technology.
Bernard Shaw and the Smallpox Epidemic of 1901–2
Authors: Dukore Bernard F. 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT:
The coronavirus pandemic has renewed the interest of historians and critics in the Black Death, The Decameron, and King Lear. Although Shaw neither wrote about pandemics nor used the word “epidemic” in his plays, he wrote of epidemics in his prefaces, essays, and letters to editors and individuals. Having contracted smallpox, it concerned him personally and as a vestryman of St. Pancras with the smallpox epidemic of 1901–2, which he tried to prevent. Rejecting vaccinations and revaccinations, he allied himself with Florence Nightingale's methods of cleanliness and sanitation, both of which medical experts now urge to help prevent the spread of coronavirus, whose transmission, incubation period, and prevention have similarities to those of smallpox.
Size Distribution of Atmospheric Particles: 40-Year Trends and 20-Year Comparisons of Chemical Constituents between Residential and Roadside Areas in Osaka City, Japan
Authors: Funasaka Kunihiro , Masumoto Keiko , Asakawa Daichi , Kaneco Satoshi 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Long-term observational data for the size distributions and particulate chemical components have been summarized to understand the past and current particulate conditions in Osaka City. The positive matrix factorization (PMF) method was also applied to estimate the source changes. The observational data obtained using Andersen cascade impactors reveals that for the 40 years from fiscal year (FY) 1976 to 2015, there was a 70% reduction in PMfine (less than 2.1 μm of the aerodynamic diameter) and 76% reduction in PMcoarse (over 2.1 μm). These correspond to a 71% and 74% reduction in PM2.5 (particulate matter less than 2.5 μm in diameter) and PM10-2.5, respectively. From the continuous chemical measurements made in this study, we observed a more than 50% reduction in coarse particulate elemental carbon (EC), SO4
2−, NH4
+, Zn, Pb, and Cd, commonly in residential and roadside areas, over the last 20 years. Similarly, the level of the fine particulate EC, Ca2+, Cl−, Zn, Mg2+, Pb, and Cd was reduced by more than 50%. Notably, the results of the particulate component analysis of ECfine show a typical reduction of 73%–79% for 20 years, and this is the main component contributing to the reduction of atmospheric particulate concentration. However, there seems to have been no apparent reduction of Vfine concentrations, SO4
2−
fine showed a relatively low reduction of 19% to 26%, and NH4
+
fine levels fell by 14% to 21% in 20 years. Since fine sulfate and ammonium have similar behaviors, ammonium sulfate is considered to be a secondary particle aerosol because of long-range transportation. The PMF analysis still estimates a high contribution rate of secondary particles, which is one of the current problems. In contrast, although vanadium is a minor element, it is likely to be generated from harbor areas with ships because they are susceptible to the prevailing sea breeze in summer. Therefore, in the future, it will be necessary to scrutinize and take countermeasures not only for long-range transportation but also for domestic sources.
CD8 T-Cell–Predominant Lymphocytic Esophagitis is One of the Major Patterns of Lymphocytic Inflammation in Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
Authors: Moiseff Robin , Olson Nicholas , Suriawinata Arief A. , Rothstein Richard I. , Lisovsky Mikhail 
Published: December 2020

Context.—Published reports have suggested an association of lymphocytic esophagitis (LyE) with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and primary motility disorders and have also shown that GERD and motility disorders frequently overlap. These findings make it difficult to determine the true relationship between LyE and GERD, which may be confounded by the presence of motility disorders with LyE.Objective.—To characterize patterns of lymphocytic inflammation in patients with GERD who have no motility abnormalities.Design.—We identified 161 patients seen at our institution from 1998 to 2014 who were diagnosed with GERD, had normal esophageal motility, and available esophageal biopsies. LyE was defined as peripapillary lymphocytosis with rare or absent granulocytes. CD4 and CD8 immunophenotype of lymphocytes was evaluated using immunohistochemistry.Results.—We found increased intraepithelial lymphocytes in 13.7% of patients with GERD. Two major patterns and 1 minor pattern of lymphocytic inflammation were observed as follows: (1) LyE (in 6.8% [11 of 161] of patients and typically focal), (2) dispersed lymphocytes in an area of reflux esophagitis (in 5.6% [9 of 161] and typically diffuse), and (3) peripapillary lymphocytes in an area of reflux esophagitis (in 1.2% [2 of 161]). CD8 T cells significantly outnumbered CD4 T cells in 91% of patients with lymphocytic esophagitis and 100% of patients with dispersed lymphocytes (9 of 9) or peripapillary lymphocytes (2 of 2) in the area of reflux esophagitis.Conclusions.—These findings suggest that LyE is one of the major patterns of lymphocytic inflammation in GERD. CD8 T-cell–predominant immunophenotype may be useful as a marker of GERD in the differential diagnosis of LyE.
Pan-Cancer Biomarkers: Changing the Landscape of Molecular Testing
Authors: Yao Jinjuan , Arcila Maria E. , Ladanyi Marc , Hechtman Jaclyn F. 
Published: December 2020

Context.—
The increasing use of large panel next-generation sequencing technologies in clinical settings has facilitated the identification of pan-cancer biomarkers, which can be diagnostic, prognostic, predictive, or most importantly, actionable.

Objective.—
To discuss recently approved and emerging pan-cancer and multihistology biomarkers as well as testing methodologies.

Data Sources.—
The US Food and Drug Administration approval documents, National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines, literature, and authors' own publications.

Conclusions.—
Since 2017, the US Food and Drug Administration has approved genotype-directed therapies for pan-cancer biomarkers, including microsatellite instability, neurotrophic receptor kinases fusions, and high-tumor mutation burden. Both the importance and rarity of these biomarkers have increased the prevalence of genomic profiling across solid malignancies. As an integral part of the management team of patients with advanced cancer, pathologists need to be aware of these emerging biomarkers, the therapies for which they determine eligibility, and the strengths and pitfalls of the available clinical assays.
Skin color and race
Authors: Jablonski Nina G. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSkin color is the primary physical criterion by which people have been classified into groups in the Western scientific tradition. From the earliest classifications of Linnaeus, skin color labels were not neutral descriptors, but connoted meanings that influenced the perceptions of described groups. In this article, the history of the use of skin color is reviewed to show how the imprint of history in connection with a single trait influenced subsequent thinking about human diversity. Skin color was the keystone trait to which other physical, behavioral, and culture characteristics were linked. To most naturalists and philosophers of the European Enlightenment, skin color was influenced by the external environment and expressed an inner state of being. It was both the effect and the cause. Early investigations of skin color and human diversity focused on understanding the central polarity between “white” Europeans and nonwhite others, with most attention devoted to explaining the origin and meaning of the blackness of Africans. Consistently negative associations with black and darkness influenced philosophers David Hume and Immanuel Kant to consider Africans as less than fully human and lacking in personal agency. Hume and Kant's views on skin color, the integrity of separate races, and the lower status of Africans provided support to diverse political, economic, and religious constituencies in Europe and the Americas interested in maintaining the transatlantic slave trade and upholding chattel slavery. The mental constructs and stereotypes of color‐based races remained, more strongly in some places than others, after the abolition of the slave trade and of slavery. The concept of color‐based hierarchies of people arranged from the superior light‐colored people to inferior dark‐colored ones hardened during the late seventeenth century and have been reinforced by diverse forces ever since. These ideas manifest themselves as racism, colorism, and in the development of implicit bias. Current knowledge of the evolution of skin color and of the historical development of color‐based race concepts should inform all levels of formal and informal education. Awareness of the influence of color memes and race ideation in general on human behavior and the conduct of science is important.
Neural‐network‐based robust terminal sliding‐mode control of quadrotor
Authors: Lin Xumei , Wang Yulu , Liu Yunfei 
Published: December 2020

AbstractA novel robust terminal sliding‐mode control (RTSMC) based on radial basis function (RBF) neural network is proposed firstly for controlling the attitude and position of the quadrotor, guaranteeing the system converged to stability point in a limited time. After establishing the nonlinear kinematics and dynamics models of the system, robust control is adopted in the RBF neural network terminal sliding‐mode controller such that the impact of external interference is reduced effectively. Resorting to the Lyapunov function, the asymptotically stable condition for the considered system is obtained, in which the convergence of the system is deduced in a finite time. Furthermore, simulation results are given to show the faster convergence speed and strong robustness for the considered system with RBF and RTSMC. Finally, the effectiveness and robustness of the developed control strategy is validated experimentally.
Tumor infiltrating neutrophils and gland formation predict overall survival and molecular subgroups in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Naso Julia R. , Topham James T. , Karasinska Joanna M. , Lee Michael K.C. , Kalloger Steve E. , Wong Hui‐li , Nelson Jessica , Moore Richard A. , Mungall Andrew J. , Jones Steven J.M. , Laskin Janessa , Marra Marco A. , Renouf Daniel J. , Schaeffer David F. 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACTBackgroundRNA‐sequencing‐based classifiers can stratify pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) into prognostically significant subgroups but are not practical for use in clinical workflows. Here, we assess whether histomorphological features may be used as surrogate markers for predicting molecular subgroup and overall survival in PDAC.MethodsNinety‐six tissue samples from 50 patients with non‐resectable PDAC were scored for gland formation, stromal maturity, mucin, necrosis, and neutrophil infiltration. Prognostic PDAC gene expression classifiers were run on all tumors using whole transcriptome sequencing data from the POG trial (NCT02155621). Findings were validated using digital TCGA slides (n = 50). Survival analysis used multivariate Cox proportional‐hazards tests and log‐rank tests.ResultsThe combination of low gland formation and low neutrophil infiltration was significantly associated with the poor prognosis PDAC molecular subgroup (basal‐like or squamous) and was an independent predictor of shorter overall survival, in both frozen section (n = 47) and formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded (n = 49) tissue samples from POG patients, and in the TCGA samples. This finding held true in the subgroup analysis of primary (n = 17) and metastatic samples (n = 79). The combination of high gland formation and high neutrophils had low sensitivity but high specificity for favorable prognosis subgroups.ConclusionsThe assessment of gland formation and neutrophil infiltration on routine histological sections can aid in prognostication and allow inferences to be made about molecular subtype, which may help guide patient management decisions and contribute to our understanding of heterogeneity in treatment response.
Treatment of genital herpes using olive leaf extract
Authors: Lorzadeh Nahid , Kazemirad Yasaman , Kazemirad Nastran 
Published: December 2020

AbstractGenital herpes is one of the sexually transmitted diseases that is reported with a greater incidence of primary and secondary recurrence. In this study, olive leaf extract was used for its antiviral properties to treat the infection. The randomized‐clinical trials using such a therapeutic approach are required in this field.
Subnanometric Pt on Cu Nanoparticles Confined in Y‐zeolite: Highly‐efficient Catalysts for Selective Catalytic Reduction of NOx by CO
Authors: Li Liang , Liu Shaomian , Jiang Ruihuan , Ji Yongjun , Li Huifang , Guo Xiangfeng , Jia Lihua , Zhong Ziyi , Su Fabing 
Published: December 2020

AbstractCO selective catalytic reduction (CO‐SCR), a promising technology for simultaneous removal of harmful CO and NO in exhaust gases, has attracted much attention in recent years. Pt‐based catalysts have been demonstrated to be effective for this reaction. However, it remains a big challenge to achieve a high low‐temperature activity at a low Pt loading. Here we report a new catalyst consisting of subnanometric Pt on Cu nanoparticles confined in the NaOH‐modified Y‐zeolite (Pt−Cu@M−Y). This catalyst possesses enhanced catalytic performance in CO‐SCR at an extremely low Pt content of 0.04 wt %, achieving full NO conversion at 250 °C. The Pt−Cu@M−Y catalyst was synthesized using a simple impregnation method followed by a hydrogen reduction. Transmission electron microscopy study revealed that Pt−Cu@M−Y with subnanometric Pt on Cu nanoparticle of ∼5 nm was highly dispersed in M−Y. The superior catalytic property of Pt−Cu@M−Y is attributed to the synergistic catalysis of Pt and Cu, in which subnanometric Pt species contributes to the strong adsorption of NO, while the dissociation of NO and the migration of dissociated O atoms are significantly boosted on the newly generated interfaces between Cu nanoparticles and the formed surface CuOx species. This work develops an effective method for synthesizing bimetallic nanoparticles confined in zeolite and demonstrates their superior catalytic performance in the catalytic reduction of NOx by CO.
Parametric study of cylindrical and spherical dust ion acoustic shock waves with two temperature electrons in dusty plasma relevant to Saturn's E ring
Authors: Bansal Sona , Gill Tarsem S. , Aggarwal Munish 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe have performed numerical analysis of the one‐dimensional dynamics of the cylindrical/spherical dust ion acoustic shock waves in unmagnetized dusty plasma consisting of positive ions, immobile dust particles, and nonextensive distributed cold and hot electrons. A multiple‐scale expansion method is used to derive Burgers Equation (BE) and modified Burgers equation (MBE) by including higher order nonlinearity. The basic characteristics of the shock waves have been analysed numerically and graphically for different physical parameters relevant to Saturn' E ring through 2D figures. The parametric dependence of dust ion acoustic shock waves on some plasma parameters nonextensive index, density, and temperature of cold and hot electrons, concentration of dust particles, thermal effects and kinematic viscosity of ions is explored. Furthermore, it is found that the nonplanar geometry effects have an important impact on the establishment of shock waves. The amplitude of the wave decreases faster as one departs away from the axis of the cylinder or centre of the sphere. Such decaying behaviour continues as time progresses. It is also found that an increasing dust concentration decreases the amplitude of the dust ion acoustic shock waves.
Spatial heterogeneity of tree diversity response to climate warming in montane forests
Authors: Li Ting , Luo Peng , Xiong Qinli , Yang Hao , Gu Xiaodong , Qiu Yuming , Lin Bo , Liu Yang , Lai Changhong 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMany studies reported biotic change along a continental warming gradient. However, the temporal and spatial change of tree diversity and their sensitivity to climate warming might differ from region to region. Understanding of the variation among studies with regard to the magnitude of such biotic changes is minimal, especially in montane ecosystems. Our aim is to better understand changes in spatial heterogeneity and temporal dynamics of mountain tree communities under climate warming over the past four decades. In 2017, we resurveyed and recorded all tree species from 107 long‐term monitoring plots that were first studied between 1974 and 1976. These plots were located in montane forests in the Giant Panda National Park (GPNP), China. Our results showed that spatial differences were found in tree species diversity changes response to mean annual temperature change over the past four decades. Tree species richness increased significantly under climate warming in Minshan (MS) and Xiaoxiangling (XXL) with higher warming rate than Qionglai (QLS) and Liangshan (LS). The trees species diversity in MS and XXL were more sensitive to climatic warming. MS and XXL should receive priority protection in the next conservation plan of the GPNP. The GPNP should avoid taking a “one‐size‐fits‐all” approach for diversity conservation due to spatial heterogeneity in plant community dynamics.
Early evidence of natal‐habitat preference: Juvenile loons feed on natal‐like lakes after fledging
Authors: Hoover Brian A. , Brunk Kristin M. , Jukkala Gabriella , Banfield Nathan , Rypel Andrew L. , Piper Walter H. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMany species show natal habitat preference induction (NHPI), a behavior in which young adults select habitats similar to those in which they were raised. However, we know little about how NHPI develops in natural systems. Here, we tested for NHPI in juvenile common loons (Gavia immer) that foraged on lakes in the vicinity of their natal lake after fledging. Juveniles visited lakes similar in pH to their natal lakes, and this significant effect persisted after controlling for spatial autocorrelation. On the other hand, juveniles showed no preference for foraging lakes of similar size to their natal one. When lakes were assigned to discrete classes based on size, depth, visibility, and trophic complexity, both juveniles from large lakes and small lakes preferred to visit large, trophically diverse lakes, which contained abundant food. Our results contrast with earlier findings, which show strict preference for lakes similar in size to the natal lake among young adults seeking to settle on a breeding lake. We suggest that NHPI is relaxed for juveniles, presumably because they select lakes that optimize short‐term survival and growth. By characterizing NHPI during a poorly studied life stage, this study illustrates that NHPI can take different forms at different life stages.
Iodine‐Mediated Coupling of Cyclic Amines with Sulfonyl Hydrazides: an Efficient Synthesis of Vinyl Sulfone Derivatives
Authors: Rong Xiaona , Guo Jingwen , Hu Zheqi , Huang Lehao , Gu Yugui , Cai Yuepiao , Liang Guang , Xia Qinqin 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAn efficient iodine‐mediated coupling of cyclic amines with sulfonyl hydrazides is reported. This transformation opens a new route to the synthesis of vinyl sulfones derivatives, which is a common structural motif in natural products and pharmaceuticals. Tentative mechanistic studies suggest that this reaction is likely to involve a radical process.