bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Answer ALS: A Large-Scale Resource for Sporadic and Familial ALS Combining Clinical Data with Multi-Omics Data from Induced Pluripotent Cell Lines
Authors: Rothstein Jeffrey , Berry James , Svendsen Clive , Thompson Leslie , Finkbeiner Steven , Eyk Jennifer Van , Fraenkel Ernest , Cudkowicz Merit , Maragakis Nicholas , Sareen Dhruv , Norel Raquel , Dardov Victoria , Coyne Alyssa , Frank Aaron , Matlock Andrea , Pandey Rakhi , Vibhav Vineet , Lima Leandro , Wu Jie , Ramamoorthy Divya , Lim Ryan , Kaye Julia , Li Jonathan , Thompson Terri , Baxi Emily , ALS Answer 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Answer ALS is a comprehensive multi-omics approach to ALS to ascertain, at a population level, the various clinical-molecular- biochemical subtypes of sporadic ALS. This national program enrolled 1046 ALS and ALS/FTD patients along with a cohort of 100 matched control patients followed longitudinally over at least one year. A smartphone-based app was employed to collect deep clinical data including fine motor activity, speech, breathing and linguistics/cognition. Analytics of the speech patterns revealed a strong correlation between clinical progression indices and speech. In parallel, blood-derived iPS motor neurons were generated from each patient and the cells underwent multi-omics analytics including whole genome sequencing, RNA transcriptomics, ATAC-Seq and proteome along with quality assurance standards. HIPPA compliant cloud data bases were employed to store all data. There are more than 6 billion clinical and molecular data points per patient generated in the program. The program was designed, and patient consented, to be open access to all clinical, biological and molecular data as well as public release of all generated iPS cell lines. A web portal is available to academics as well as commercial researchers. The ultimate intent of this data is for the generation of Integrated clinical and biological signatures using bioinformatics, statistics and computational biology to establish patterns that may lead to a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms of disease including subgroup identification. Overall, this community based clinical and science program provides for the identification of distinct reliably identifiable subgroups among the sporadic and familial patients and the great utility in iPS based approaches to disease pathophysiology and therapy discovery. Although the data is ALS centric, given the large number of both ALS and control data sets, it would also be enormously useful to others studying frontotemporal dementia, Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s disease and others.
LY294002 Inhibit Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion of Craniopharyngiomas via PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway
Authors: Zhou Lin , Yang Cheng Xing , Fang Lin Chun , Bao You Yuan , Wang Zhi Gang , Li Shao Yang , Li Min De , Lan Shi Hai , Wu Xiao , Tong Zhi Gao , Zheng Su Yue , Tang Bin , Hong Tao 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
ObjectiveCraniopharyngiomas are rare histologically benign but clinically challenging neoplasms.The aim of this study is to explore the effect and significance of PI3K signal pathway on papillary craniopharyngioma cell growth and survival.MethodsWestern blotting (WB) was used to evaluate expression of the PI3K / AKT protein in Craniopharyngiomas tissues relative to health controls. Primary tumor cells were obtained from fresh papillary craniopharyngioma samples by primary cell culture and determined by cell morphology, immunofluorescence staining and specific cell markers expression. In this study, PCPs cell lines, isolated from fresh papillary craniopharyngioma samples, were treated with different concentrations of LY294002, a specific inhibitor of the PI3K / AKT signaling pathway, in order to evaluate their proliferation, migration and invasion. The proliferation effects was determined using Cell Counting Kit-8 and colony formation. Cell apoptosis and cell cycle were detected by flow cytometry. Furthermore, cell migration and invasion levels were detected by wound healing and Transwell assays, respectively.ResultsThe expression of p-PI3K and p-AKT were obviously higher in human craniopharyngioma tissue relative to their corresponding normal control. PCPs primary cells were isolated and detected by immunofluorescence, and PCPs cytokeratin (pan CK) and vimentin protein (VIM) were detected.The inhibition of PI3K / AKT signaling pathway can significantly inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion of PCPs primary cells.Conclusions﻿LY294002 effectively inhibits the proliferation, migration and invasion of PCPs cells through the PI3K / AKT signaling pathway.
CT and MRI Characteristic Findings of Sporadic Renal Hemangioblastoma: Two Case Reports and Review of the Literature
Authors: He Jie , Liu Nan , Liu Wangwang , Wang Qiangfeng , Zhou Wenli , Hu Hongjie 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundHemangioblastoma in the kidney is rare. Although a few renal hemangioblastoma cases have been reported, the content of these articles mainly focused on clinical and pathological research, with minimal descriptions of radiologic findings. Moreover, there are no descriptions of magnetic resonance imaging with enhancement for this condition. We herein report two cases of renal hemangioblastoma with computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging findings.Case presentationTwo patients presented to our institution due to dull pain of the left abdomen, and a mass in the left kidney was found by ultrasound examination in each case. They had no special family history. Physical examination revealed no obvious tenderness or percussion pain in the renal region and ureteral walking area, and there was no obvious mass. Routine blood and urine tests were normal, and serum tumor markers were negative. No obvious lesions were found on imaging of other body parts. Similar radiologic findings were observed in both cases and mimicked those of cavernous hemangiomas of the liver, including peripheral nodular enhancement in the corticomedullary phase, progressive centripetal enhancement in the nephrographic and delayed phases, and occasional complete “filling in” in the delayed phase. Given the suspicion for renal cell carcinoma, both patients underwent partial nephrectomy. The pathological results showed renal hemangioblastoma.ConclusionsRenal hemangioblastoma is a rare benign tumor that is easily misdiagnosed as clear cell carcinoma. Characteristic computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging manifestations may improve preoperative diagnostic accuracy to avoid surgery or indicate nephron-sparing surgery.
Less Experienced but Healthier: Health Behaviors of Medical Students Compared With Practicing Physicians
Authors: Miron Rachel Wilf , Kagan Ilya , Saban Mor 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundWe examined health behaviors and perceptions among medical students and compared them with the results of a previous survey among residents and senior physicians. MethodsThis cross–sectional study was performed among second-year medical students (2015-2018) and among physicians (2015) using an online questionnaire. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed. ResultsSignificantly more physicians perceived their health as bad, compared with students. Half of the residents, compared with one-third of senior physicians and one-fifth of students, reported high emotional stress. Residents reported the worst, and students - the best, eating habits. Logistic regression models demonstrated that lower emotional stress, healthy eating habits, adequate sleep, lower body mass index and not having a regular physician, explained good perceived health. Female gender, being a resident, bad perceived health, unhealthy eating habits, less sleep and not having a regular physician, were correlated with high emotional stress. ConclusionsThe healthy lifestyle of medical students declines towards residency. Given the workload and emotional stress of their chosen profession, it is advised that medical school curriculum provide students with measures to help them gain more years of healthy life, allowing students and physicians to be better role models and the healthcare system to perform better.
An artificial intelligence nanopore platform for SARS-CoV-2 virus detection
Authors: Taniguchi Masateru , Minami Shohei , Ono Chikako , Hamajima Rina , Morimura Ayumi , Hamaguchi Shigeto , Akeda Yukihiro , Kanai Yuta , Kobayashi Takeshi , Kamitani Wataru , Terada Yutaka , Suzuki Koichiro , Hatori Nobuaki , Yamagishi Yoshiaki , Washizu Nobuei , Takei Hiroyasu , Sakamoto Osamu , Naono Norihiko , Tatematsu Kenji , Washio Takashi , Matsuura Yoshiharu , Tomono Kazunori 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
High-throughput, high-accuracy detection of emerging viruses allows for pandemic prevention and control. Currently, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is used to diagnose the presence of SARS-CoV-2. The principle of the test is to detect RNA in the virus using a pair of primers that specifically binds to the base sequence of the viral RNA. However, RT-PCR is a sophisticated technique requiring a time-consuming pretreatment procedure for extracting viral RNA from clinical specimens and to obtain high sensitivity. Here, we report a method for detecting novel coronaviruses with high sensitivity using artificial intelligent nanopores utilizing a simple procedure that does not require RNA extraction. Artificial intelligent nanopore platform consists of machine learning software on the servers, portable high-speed and high-precision current measuring instrument, and scalable, cost-effective semiconducting nanopore modules. Here we show that the artificial intelligent nanopores are successful in accurate identification of four types of coronaviruses, HCoV-229E, SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2, which are usually extremely difficult to detect. The positive/negative diagnostics of the new coronavirus is achieved with a sensitivity of 95 % and specificity of 92 % with a 5-minute diagnosis. The platform enables high throughput diagnostics with low false negatives for the novel coronavirus.
Treatment of Diaphyseal Forearm Defects Caused by Infection Using Ilizarov Segmental Bone Transport Technique
Authors: Liu Yanshi , Yushan Maimaiaili , Liu Zhenhui , Liu Jialin , Ma Chuang , Yusufu Aihemaitijiang 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background The Ilizarov segmental bone transport technique can be applied in the reconstruction of the bone defects with less invasive fashion and more versatility compared to other methods, while most studies were focused on the lower extremity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the Ilizarov segmental bone transport technique in the treatment of diaphyseal forearm bone defects caused by infection.Methods: This study included 12 patients with diaphyseal forearm bone defects caused by infection, who underwent bone transport procedures using the monolateral external fixator at our institution from January 2010 to January 2018, including 10 males and 2 females with a mean age of 39 years (range 23-57 years). Patient’s demographic data and clinical outcomes at least two years follow-up after removing the external fixator were collected and retrospectively analyzed. The functional results were evaluated by the questionnaire of Disability of Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) and the modified Mayo wrist score (MWS) at the final follow-up.Results: There were 10 radii and 2 ulnae bone transport procedures collected. The average defect size was 5.1 cm (4-6.5 cm). All patients were successfully followed up with a mean period of 28.2 months (24 to 36 months) and achieved infection-free union. There was no recurrence of infection observed. The mean external fixation time was 232.6 days (182 to 276 days), and the mean external fixation index was 46.3 days/cm (40.9 to 61.8 days/cm). The mean DASH score was 30.6(18 to 49) preoperative, while 13.8 (5 to 26) at the final follow-up. The average modified MWS improved from 68.8 (55 to 80) pre-operatively to 83.8 (65 to 90) at the final follow-up. All the differences between the preoperative and final scores were statistically significant (p<0.05). Almost all the patients achieved satisfactory clinical outcomes and were able to perform activities of daily living. Conclusion: Ilizarov segmental bone transport technique is an alternative and effective method for the treatment of diaphyseal forearm bone defects caused by infection, and this method acquired satisfactory clinical outcomes.
Complications of Posttraumatic Dorsal Cervical Spine Fusion
Authors: Kasapovic Adnan , Welle Kristian , Hackenberg Roslind , Schwetje Desirée , Rommelspacher Charlotte , Kabir Koroush 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: This study evaluates the occurence of complications of dorsal cervical spine fusion after cervical spine injuries. Methods:Dorsal cervical spine fusion due to fractures of the cervical spine was performed in 40 patients. During the first 6 postoperative weeks the occurrence of complications was observed.Results:In most cases the dorsal fusion was performed in the upper cervical spine. Severe systemic diseases were common in the cohort. No intraoperative complications, implant malpositioning or postoperative neurologic deficits were observed. In 3 cases a revision operation was performed due to surgical site infection. General complications were common (19 cases = 47.5 %) with pneumonia (20%) and cardial complications (12.5%) as the most frequent complications. In 2 cases (5%) the complications led to death due to sepsis and cardiogenic shock. Conclusions: Following the findings of our study there is a low surgical revision and complication rate after dorsal cervical spine fusion, while the rate of general complications appears to be much higher. Taking these complications into account cervical fusion operations should carefully be taken into consideration as a therapy option in cervical spine fractures. Trial registration: All procedures performed in the present study were in accordance with the ethical standards approved by the Ethical Committee of University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany (reference number: 406/17)
Does Dynamic Ventral Plate Fixation Provide Adequate Stability for Traumatic Subaxial Cervical Spine Fractures in Mid-term Follow-up?
Authors: Lang Siegmund , Neumann Carsten , Fiedler Lasse , Alt Volker , Loibl Markus , Kerschbaum Maximilian 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundIt remains questionable if the treatment of cervical fractures with dynamic plates in trauma surgery provides adequate stability for fractures with disco-ligamentous injuries. The primary goal of this study was to assess the radiological and mid-term patient-reported outcome of traumatic subaxial cervical fractures treated with a dynamic plate compared to rigid locking plate system.Patients and MethodsPatients, treated with anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) between 2001 and 2015, using either a dynamic plate (DP: Mambo™, Ulrich, Germany) or a rigid locking plate (RP: CSLP™, Depuy Synthes, USA), were identified. Only patients with complete radiological follow (pre- and postoperatively and minimum one year after surgery) were included in the study. Next to the sagittal alignment, the sagittal anterior translation and the bony consolidation were evaluated. After at least two years the patient reported outcome measures (PROM) were evaluated using the German Short-Form 36 (SF-36) with the physical components summary (PCS) and mental components summary (MCS), Neck Disability Index (NDI) and the EuroQol in 5 Dimensions (EQ-5D) score.Results33 patients met the in- and exclusion criteria. 26 patients suffered from an AO Type B or C fracture. 13 patients were treated with a dynamic plate and 20 with a rigid locking plate. Both, the sagittal alignment, and the sagittal translation could be sufficiently restored with no differences between the two groups (p ≥ 0.05). No significant loss of reduction could be observed at the follow-up in both groups (p ≥ 0.05). Bony consolidation could be observed in 30 patients (91%) with no significant differences between both groups (DP: 12/13 (92%); RP: 18/20 (90%); (p ≥ 0.05)). In 20 patients PROMs could be evaluated after a mean follow-up of 71.2±25.5 months. No significant differences between DP and RP could be detected in EQ-5D, SF- 36 (PCS and MCS) or NDI (EQ-5D: 72±5; SF-36 PCS 41.9±16.2, MCS 45.4±14.9; NDI: 11±9).ConclusionThe dynamic plate concept provides enough stability without a difference in fusion rates in comparison to rigid locking plates in a population that mostly suffered AO Type B and C fractures.
The Person I Used To Be: Employment Experiences of Young Adults with Cancer
Authors: Scardaville Melissa C. , Murphy Kathleen M. , Clayman Marla , Robert Rhonda , Medina-George Sandra , Nguyen Vinh , Frieden Lex 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Purpose: Adults can experience employment-related hardships after a cancer diagnosis but young adults at the beginning of their careers may face unique challenges. This study explored the impact of cancer on young adults’ employment experiences. Methods: The authors conducted 27 qualitative semi-structured interviews with young adults who had received a cancer diagnosis. Results: Participants encountered mixed workplace support. Many reported that they did not have the benefits, such as time off or short-term disability insurance, that would have ameliorated some challenges encountered during treatment. They also shared that many workplaces do not do an adequate job of informing people with cancer about federal laws that protect people with disabilities. Most participants reported that the cancer diagnosis and treatment caused them to rethink their career trajectory.Conclusions: Cancer affects young adults in ways that present distinct struggles attributable to less access to resources. Career choices and the consequent opportunities for on-the-job training can have lifelong import.Implications for Cancer Survivors: Disability and discrimination laws do not protect all employees. Young adult cancer survivors may need to conduct their own research into these protections so they can receive entitled benefits. They and employers may also benefit from workplace interventions or trainings to lessen the employment consequences of cancer.
Research on Electrode Structuring for Enhanced Battery Performance
Authors: Lee Dongkyoung 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Currently, alternative energy sources are attracting attention owing to environmental pollution and the depletion of fossil fuels. Lithium-ion batteries have a light weight, high energy density, high power density, and long cycle life, making them attractive alternative energy sources. Numerous studies have been conducted on high-performance batteries. However, most studies have focused on improving active material characteristics. Thus, there is a lack of research on battery performance enhancement through the improvement of the battery manufacturing process. In this study, we performed electrode structuring using a nanosecond laser in the power range of 1 W to 19 W (2 W intervals). The geometric changes after laser structuring were observed using a scanning electron microscope, and the electrode geometries were classified and measured in terms of ablation width and depth. The aspect ratio, removal amount, and removal rate of the active material were analyzed after laser structuring. A maximum aspect ratio of 0.77 was achieved. Additionally, the removal amount and removal rate of the active material increased with the increase in laser power. Therefore, we concluded that electrode geometry can be controlled using a nanosecond laser.
Improving echographic monitoring of hemodynamics in critically ill patients: validation of right cardiac output measurements through the modified subcostal window
Authors: Fernández Laura Colinas , Martínez Gonzalo Hernández , Gandía María B. Serna , León Gaspar Tuero , Cuesta-Montero Pablo , Boy Rafael Cuena , Pereira Raúl Vicho 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: The gold standard for echocardiographic monitoring of cardiac output in critically ill patients is measurements of the velocity-time integral (VTI) along the left ventricle outflow tract (LVOT). However, clinical circumstances such as severe aortic regurgitation or dynamic LVOT obstruction limit the use of LVOT VTI as a surrogate for stroke volume, and the transthoracic window is often unfeasible in mechanically ventilated patients. We aimed to assess the usefulness of using the right ventricle outflow tract (RVOT) VTI for echocardiographic monitoring of cardiac output. Methods: This prospective observational study included 100 consecutive patients admitted to a tertiary intensive care unit. We used intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) to compare echocardiographic measurements of LVOT VTI through apical window with RVOT VTI through the parasternal and modified subcostal windows and to assess interobserver reproducibility. Preplanned post hoc analyses compared the ICC between ventilated and nonventilated patients. Results: At the time of echocardiography, 44 (44%) patients were mechanically ventilated and 28 (28%) were receiving vasoactive drugs. Good-quality measurements were obtained through the parasternal short-axis and/or apical views in 81 (81%) patients and in 100 (100%) patients through the subcostal window. Consistency with LVOT VTI was moderate for RVOT VTI measured from the modified subcostal view (ICC 0.727; 95%CI: 0.62–0.808) and for RVOT VTI measured from the transthoracic view (0.715; 95%CI: 0.59–0.807). Conclusions: Measurements of RVOT VTI are moderately consistent with measurements of LVOT VTI. Adding the modified subcostal window allows cardiac output to be monitored echocardiographically in practically all critically ill patients, even those under mechanical ventilation.
A case series of medically managed Candida Parapsilosis complex prosthetic valve endocarditis and literature review
Authors: Guo Penghao , He Yuting , Fan Rui , Wu Zhongwen , Chen Yili , Huang Yuli , Liao Kang , Chen Peisong 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: In recent years, Candida parapsilosis is recognized as a species complex and is composed of Candida parapsilosis sensu stricto, Candida orthopsilosis and Candida metapsilosis and Candida Parapsilosis complex prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE) is rare and the survival rate is still low despite of optimal therapeutic strategies. Our paper is the first to report cases as Candida Parapsilosis complex PVE. Case presentation: A series of 4 cases of Candida Parapsilosis complex PVE from our institution was reported. Three were infected by Candida parapsilosis sensu stricto and one was infected by Candida metapsilosis. The condition of two cases got better and the other died. Conclusions: More attention should be paid to Candida Parapsilosis complex PVE and early diagnosis and prompt antibiotic therapy may play a role in the treatment for Candida Parapsilosis complex PVE