bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multiparametric MRI and Whole Slide Image-Based Pretreatment Prediction of Pathological Response to Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy in Rectal Cancer: A Multicenter Radiopathomic Study
Authors: Shao Lizhi , Liu Zhenyu , Feng Lili , Lou Xiaoying , Li Zhenhui , Zhang Xiao-Yan , Wan Xiangbo , Zhou Xuezhi , Sun Kai , Zhang Da-Fu , Wu Lin , Yang Guanyu , Sun Ying-Shi , Xu Ruihua , Fan Xinjuan , Tian Jie 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
The aim of this work is to combine radiological and pathological information of tumor to develop a signature for pretreatment prediction of discrepancies of pathological response at several centers and restage patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) for individualized treatment planning.

Patients and Methods
A total of 981 consecutive patients with evaluation of response according to tumor regression grade (TRG) who received nCRT were retrospectively recruited from four hospitals (primary cohort and external validation cohort 1–3); both pretreatment multiparametric MRI (mp-MRI) and whole slide image (WSI) of biopsy specimens were available for each patient. Quantitative image features were extracted from mp-MRI and WSI and used to construct a radiopathomics signature (RPS) powered by an artificial-intelligence model. Models based on mp-MRI or WSI alone were also constructed for comparison.

Results
The RPS showed overall accuracy of 79.66–87.66% in validation cohorts. The areas under the curve of RPS at specific response grades were 0.98 (TRG0), 0.93 (≤ TRG1), and 0.84 (≤ TRG2). RPS at each grade of pathological response revealed significant improvement compared with both signatures constructed without combining multiscale tumor information (P < 0.01). Moreover, RPS showed relevance to distinct probabilities of overall survival and disease-free survival in patients with LARC who underwent nCRT (P < 0.05).

Conclusions
The results of this study suggest that radiopathomics, combining both radiological information of the whole tumor and pathological information of local lesions from biopsy, could potentially predict discrepancies of pathological response prior to nCRT for better treatment planning.
Risk factors for peripheral arterial disease in elderly patients with Type-2 diabetes mellitus: A clinical study
Authors: Shou Zhang , Zhao Yongcai , Zhang Yan , Li Shaoqing 
Published: July 2020

Objectives: To determine risk factors for peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in elderly patients with Type-2 diabetes mellitus.
Methods: The elderly patients with Type-2 diabetes treated in the Central Hospital of Cangzhou were enrolled and divided into PAD group and non-PAD group between October 2016 and November 2019, The data of the patients including age, gender, body mass index, blood pressure, hemoglobin A1c, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, total cholesterol, triglyceride, white cell count, lymphocyte count, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, uric acid as well as living habits and complications of Type-2 diabetes mellitus were recorded to determine the risk factors for PAD.
Results: One thousand four hundred seventy six (1476) patients were enrolled, in which 465 patients were included in group of PAD, and 1011 in non-PAD group. The univariate analysis revealed that the two groups significantly differed in age (p=0.003), course of T2DM (p=0.001), hypertension (p=0.006), smoking habits (p<0.001), hyperuricemia (p<0.01), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (p<0.01), white cell count (p<0.001), lymphocyte count (p<0.001) and diabetic neuropathy (p<0.001). In the multivariate analysis, age (OR: 1.56, 95% CI: 1.21-1.89), smoking habit (OR: 1.37, 95% CI: 1.19-1.68), hypertension (OR: 1.44, 95% CI: 1.15-1.98), diabetic neuropathy (OR: 3.55, 95% CI: 2.14-4.29), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (OR: 1.74, 95% CI: 1.39-2.61) and hyperuricemia (OR: 2.71, 95% CI: 1.66-3.87) were significant risk factors for PAD.
Conclusions: Age, smoking habit, hypertension, diabetic neuropathy, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and hyperuricemia were independent risk factors for peripheral arterial disease in elderly patients with Type-2 diabetes mellitus.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.6.2906
How to cite this:Shou Z, Zhao Y, Zhang Y, Li S. Risk factors for peripheral arterial disease in elderly patients with Type-2 diabetes mellitus: A clinical study. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(6):1344-1348. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.6.2906
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
LITERATURA E MÚSICA EM (CON)FLUÊNCIA: O DIÁLOGO INTERMÍDIA NA LITERATURA JUVENIL
Authors: Almeida Luara Teixeira de , Navas Diana 
Published: July 2020

O presente estudo objetiva, a partir da leitura das obras O Rei (2015), de Luiz Tatit e Renato Moriconi, e Quasqualigudum (2014), de Roger Cruz e Davi Calil, demonstrar o diálogo estabelecido entre literatura e música em obras contemporâneas preferencialmente endereçadas ao jovem leitor. Partindo dos estudos intermídias, propostos por Claüs Clüver, evidencia-se como a literatura juvenil contemporânea apresenta uma composição intermídia – em que linguagens como a da ilustração e do design fundem-se à linguagem verbal, expandindo os sentidos sugeridos pelo texto literário – para, na sequência, evidenciar o diálogo que estabelece com outras linguagens artísticas, tais como a da música. Por meio da leitura das obras selecionadas, demonstra-se como, por meio de diferentes estratégias compositivas, relações entre literatura e música são estabelecidas não apenas no plano do conteúdo, mas na própria arquitetura das narrativas em estudo graças às diferentes mídias de que são compostas e da leitura multimodal que delas se empreende.
Spatial patterns and sources of atmospheric nitrogen deposition in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem, Wyoming determined from lichens
Authors: Williams David G. , Hoffman Abigail S. 
Published: July 2020

Increased anthropogenic nitrogen (N) deposition can lead to N saturation of ecosystems, altering water quality, biogeochemical cycling and biodiversity. Although some N deposition (Ndep) is natural, there has been an increase of Ndep in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem (GYE), largely due to local and regional intensification of agricultural activity, which releases ammonia (NHx), and transportation and industrial processes, which release nitrogen oxides (NOx). The climate, topography, and sources of Ndep in the region likely create heterogeneous patterns of Ndep in the GYE, where nutrient-limited alpine ecosystems are especially susceptible to Ndep. Epiphytic lichens obtain their nutrients from the air and record local scale patterns of Ndep. We collected 162 lichen samples (Usnea lapponica and Letharia vulpina) and analyzed them for %N and δ15N at 15 sites in the GYE to understand patterns and sources of Ndep in the GYE at small spatial scales. We found that lichen \%N was higher closer to the Snake River Plains and at higher elevations, which indicates higher deposition at those sites. This is likely because N is more likely to be deposited closer to major sources and because N is often deposited in precipitation so deposition patterns follow precipitation patterns. Additionally, the mean δ15N value was -11.8 ± 3.2‰, which suggests an agricultural source of Ndep, but δ15N values increased with higher %N, which indicated sites with high deposition were receiving more N from combustion sources. However, the large amount of variation in lichens collected at a single site suggest that future work needs to address how microhabitat factors influence lichen N incorporation.

Featured photo by Kathryn Robertson, taken from the AMK Ranch photo collection.
A unique “icy seep” aquatic habitat in the high Teton Range: Potential refuge for biological assemblages imperiled by climate change
Authors: Tronstad Lusha M. , Giersch J. Joseph , Hotaling Scott , Finn Debra S. , Zeglin Lydia , Wilmot Oliver J. , Bixby Rebecca J. 
Published: July 2020

Alpine streams are threatened as meltwater sources diminish. We established baseline monitoring efforts of alpine streams in the Teton Range during 2015 by describing biotic and abiotic conditions of surface glacier and snowmelt streams. Our results indicated a third alpine stream type, icy seeps. Icy seeps are fed by subterranean ice melt, extremely cold but stable water temperature (summer mean <2°C), moderately high streambed stability (Pfankuch Index ~18-25), and relatively high specific conductivity (>50 μS cm-1). In 2016, we documented several icy seeps in the Teton massif, and our data suggest that they have the potential to serve as climate refugia for organisms and processes associated with extremely cold meltwater, due to the subterranean ice sources being more insulated from atmospheric conditions than surface glaciers and snowpack. Our 2016 work focused on locating icy seeps and documenting physical conditions, invertebrates, diatoms, and microbes in these alpine streams. We are processing the biological data, but microbial assemblages in icy seeps are similar to those found in streams fed by dwindling surface glacier ice. We are preparing to submit a paper about the microbial patterns, including how they compare to alpine streams representing comparable hydrological sources in Glacier National Park.

Featured photo by Nicole Y-C on Unsplash. https://unsplash.com/photos/9XixVlnUCbk
Direct femtosecond laser ablation of large-area TaSe2, SnS2, and TiS2 thick films by a back ablation procedure
Authors: Song Qi , Chai Lu , Li Yao , Pang Dongqing , Hu Minglie 
Published: July 2020

Direct ablation of large-area graphene-like two-dimensional (2D) materials, i.e., tantalum diselenide (

T
a
S

e

2

), stannic disulfide (

S
n

S

2

), and titanium disulfide (

T
i

S

2

), by the back ablation method with a femtosecond laser with a repetition rate of 50 MHz and pulse width of 200 fs is studied for the first time to our knowledge. The ablation thresholds of the three kinds of materials are discussed. In addition, the optimization and ablation of narrow grooves on the films are demonstrated. Our work demonstrates the direct femtosecond laser ablation processing of the graphene-like 2D-material films and the potential of 2D-material-film-based devices.
Ultrafast tunable integrated Faraday isolator based on optical pumping in a graphene–InSb–graphene structure
Authors: Hossein Kazemi Amir , Mokhtari Arash , Zamani Mehdi 
Published: July 2020

We have designed a new class of single-stage Faraday isolators that employs two sheets of graphene. Using nonreciprocal optical materials such as InSb boosts plasmonic coupling between the graphene layers, which leads to a 45 deg polarization rotation as well as increased transmission through the structure. More than 91% transmission is achieved in the THz band (1 THz–7 THz). This design opens up the way in ultrafast integrated magneto-optical nanophotonic devices to realize single-stage isolators with enhanced transmittance in the THz band.
Mueller matrix of imaging polarimeter’s optical system–comparison of simulation results obtained using Zemax and MATLAB software with experimental data
Authors: Gogler Sławomir , Bieszczad Grzegorz , Swiderski Jacek 
Published: July 2020

A procedure for simulating the Mueller matrix of an optical system across the field of view of a long-wavelength infrared (LWIR) imaging polarimeter is presented in this paper. The procedure is based on a ray-tracing model and uses off-the-shelf software and custom add-on procedures written in MATLAB. A simulation was conducted to obtain polarization ray tracing across the entire surface of the focal-plane array for a set of wavelengths within the LWIR (8–14 µm) window and within the instrument’s field of view of

7.3

∘

×

5.5
∘

with a set of different starting polarization states. Finally, the simulation results are compared with measurement data obtained from the home-designed optical train of a polarimetric camera. For Mueller matrix entries significantly larger than zero, both simulation and experiment results show high consistency, with overall RMS error of less than 2%. The presented results are useful when anticipation of a Mueller matrix of an imaging polarimeter is of high importance.
High-power and single-mode VCSEL arrays with single-polarized outputs by using package-induced tensile strain
Authors: Shi Jin-Wei , Khan Zuhaib , Horng Ray-Hua , Yeh Hsiao-Yun , Huang Chun-Kai , Liu Cheng-Yi , Shih Jie-Chen , Chang Yung-Hao , Yen Jia-Liang , Sheu Jinn-Kong 
Published: July 2020

In this work, we demonstrate a novel high-power vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) array with highly single-mode (SM) and single-polarized output performance without significantly increasing the intra-cavity loss and threshold current (

I

th). By combining a low-loss zinc-diffusion aperture with an electroplated copper substrate, we can obtain a highly SM output (side mode suppression ratio

>

50

d
B

) with a very narrow divergence angle (

1

/

e

2

:

∼

10

∘

) under high output power (3.1 W; 1% duty cycle) and sustain a single polarization state, with a polarization suppression ratio of around 9 dB, under the full range of bias currents. Compared to the reference device without the copper substrate, the demonstrated array can not only switch the output optical spectra from quasi-SM to highly SM but also maintain a close threshold current value (

I

th: 0.8 versus 0.7 mA per unit device) and slope efficiency. The enhancement in fundamental mode selectivity of our VCSEL structure can be attributed to the single-polarized lasing mode induced by tensile strain, which is caused by the electroplated copper substrate, as verified by the double-crystal x-ray measurement results.
Impaired Vagal Efficiency Predicts Auricular Neurostimulation Response in Adolescent Functional Abdominal Pain Disorders
Authors: Kovacic Katja , Kolacz Jacek , Lewis Gregory F. , Porges Stephen W. 
Published: July 2020

INTRODUCTION:
To determine whether pretreatment vagal efficiency (VE), respiratory sinus arrhythmia, and heart period can predict pain improvement with auricular neurostimulation in pediatric functional abdominal pain disorders.

METHODS:
A total of 92 adolescents with functional abdominal pain disorders underwent a 4-week randomized, double-blinded, sham-controlled auricular neurostimulation trial. Electrocardiogram-derived variables at baseline were used to predict pain using mixed effects modeling.

RESULTS:
A 3-way interaction (95% confidence intervals: 0.004–0.494) showed that the treatment group subjects with low baseline VE had lower pain scores at week 3. There was no substantial change in the placebo or high VE treatment group subjects. This effect was supported by a significant correlation between baseline VE and degree of pain reduction only in the treatment group.

DISCUSSION:
Impaired cardiac vagal regulation measured by VE predicts pain improvement with auricular neurostimulation.
GDP Movements in High and Moderate HDI Economies: An Empirical Investigation
Authors: Verma N. M. P. , Gaur Monika , Kant Ravi 
Published: July 2020

Economists worldwide acknowledge the estimation and implications of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and Human Development Index (HDI) as a measure of development across the globe. The analysis of GDP and its various components are still useful in order to observe the financial scenario of the economy. Since GDP does not include the various relevant components of socio-economic and environmental activities, it also does not reveal the real picture of economic progress. Several efforts have been made by economists worldwide to quantify better indicators of wellbeing. The Human Development Report, 1996, pioneered the casual relationship between economic growth and human development. There is a usual relationship between these two, because economic growth creates the basis for human development via providing financial benefits or monetary gains to the economy, provided that the formulation of rational policies and their implementation are appropriately executed.
This study tries to synthesize economic growth and human development. The research employs Spearman rank correlation and Logistic regression of high and middle human development countries across 1990 to 2017, to determine the association mentioned above. The data is from the UNDP database and various reports and articles related to human development and economic growth.Policy implication is useful.
ANALYSIS OF COMPETITIVENESS OF THE TOURISM SECTOR EAST JAVA PROVINCE (A TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY & CONVERGENCE APPROACH)
Authors: Suparno Suparno 
Published: July 2020

This research analysis of tourism competitiveness is based on the very high disparity problem in the condition of the tourism sector in East Java Province. With a sample of 10 districts / cities and using investment data, tourist visits, population, government spending and tourism sector PDRB, it is produced that investment and tourist visits have a positive but not significant effect on tourism sector PDRB because due to the probability > 0.05. While the population and government expenditure have a positive and significant effect on the tourism sector PDRB due to the probability < 0.05. Fixed effect models that are formed are:PSP = 39485712 + 0.018 INV + 0.389 TOURIST + 22.304 POP + 0.065 GEX + e To measure tourism competitiveness, it is used with technical efficiency and total factor productivity where it is produced: Sidoarjo Regency, Malang City and Surabaya City are regencies / cities that have the highest level of technical efficiency with a value of 100% technical efficiency. Whereas with the calculation of total factor productivity in Gresik Regency (21,350), Jember Regency (16,543) and Kediri Regency (15,650) are regencies / cities that have the highest productivity. Based on the calculation of technical efficiency and total factor productivity results are obtainedL1) High efficiency and productive, Jember Regency; (2) High efficiency and less productive, Sidoarjo Regency, Malang City and Surabaya City; (3) Low and productive efficiency, Kediri Regency, Lamongan Regency and Gresik Regency; and (4) Low efficiency and less productive, Banyuwangi Regency, Pasuruan Regency and Pasuruan City. The spillover effect occurs in Pasuruan City, where the economy of Pasuruan City is affected by investments from Sidoarjo Regency and Surabaya City as indicated by the significance level of 0.051 Surabaya City investment and 0.048 for Sidoarjo Regency investment which means smaller and equal to 0.05. The calculation of convergence shows that the average convergence of regencies / cities in East Java to leader regions over 15 years and 5 months means that districts / cities need an average of 15 years and 5 months to match the conditions of tourism in the city of Surabaya.
Essence of "Political Myth"
Authors: Khizanishvili Salome 
Published: July 2020

In XIX-XX centuries, both origin of the new political myth and its subsequent development were linked to radical changes in the history of mankind. "The Death of God" is the most dangerous result caused by these changes.
The "ungodly world" is dominated by historical people. In order to change reality, the growth of his creative ambitions increases the risk of his freedom. This reality is evident in Nietzsche's doctrine, where nihilism achieves self-awareness and the will to power is declared to be "the meaning of great politics”.
In modern analogies of political myth, the theme of the "apriority" of human freedom and the influence of the powerful person (nation, state) are getting more active. Their impact on human masses is quite big. What kind of positive and negative results can we obtain from such deep, comprehensive, and serious challenges? We can find the answers in the necessary conclusions on the topic in literary and philosophical works.
At the turn of the XIX-XX centuries, Nietzsche’s doctrine gets our attention. With humanistic pathos, he endures time. He aims to solve the puzzles of eternal existence and for this reason he gives meaningful advice to historical man.
We believe that in modern conditions of technological management of political myth, the paradigm of political myth created by Nietzsche is viable. With this idea we feel a kind of need to pay more attention to the predictions of the genius of the era.
How Functional Team Roles Mitigate the Effect of Conflict on Team Performance
Authors: Mumford Troy 
Published: July 2020

Work team structures are used in organizations to achieve higher performance, enable greater creativity, and create more political buy in. The literature suggests that when teams are able to coherently carry out certain functional team roles, conflict is better managed and higher performance is achieved. This study investigates these claims in a sample of 449 individuals working in 94 project teams over two project types. Findings indicate that the performance of task and social team roles was negatively related to task and relationship conflict for both work types. In addition, Spanning roles were negatively associated with conflict only for the more complex project. Finally, functional team roles were associated with team performance for both project types. The implications for researching and managing roles in work teams are discussed.
Effects of Group Dynamic Assessment on L2 Chinese learners’ literacy development: Learners’ responsiveness to interactive mediation
Authors: Kao Yu-Ting 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Dynamic Assessment (DA), an innovative assessment approach, has begun to attract attention as a conceptualization of assessment that emphasizes the social interactive role of learning. Although DA receives attention in the field of language testing/assessment, its feasibility in engaging larger cohorts of individuals is concerned. This shortcoming of DA leads to the application of Group Dynamic Assessment (G-DA). This study examined the extent to which mediation provided through G-DA frameworks – concurrent and cumulative – supported a group of language learners’ literacy development. It investigates five intermediate L2 Chinese learners’ rhetorical awareness via their performance on Chinese reading and writing tasks. One Chinese rhetorical structures, the ‘Qi-cheng-zhuan-he’ approach, was selected because it is considered the most difficult learning point for Chinese learners. Findings were reported: 1) the mediation provided to the participants through both concurrent and cumulative G-DA approaches promoted their understanding of the ‘Qi-cheng-zhuan-he’ approach, 2) the more times a participant engaged as the primary interactant, the better learning outcome he/she would present, 3) individual participant had different developmental level and thus showed various extent of responsiveness to the teacher’s mediation; yet, their active participation, either verbal or nonverbal behaviors, would foster their learning performance. Pedagogical applications are discussed.
Erasmus Exchange Program – A Matter of (Relatively) Older Students
Authors: Fumarco Luca , Carlsson Magnus , Gibbs Benjamin G. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This study contributes to the literature on long-term effects of relative age (i.e. age differences between classmates in compulsory school) by examining tertiary education outcomes. We investigate whether there is evidence of relative age effects on university students enrolled in the Erasmus exchange program. We use administrative data on all exchange students who visited the Linnaeus University, in Sweden, in the four years since its founding. We find long-term evidence of RAEs—the youngest cohort students participate less often to the Erasmus exchange program than older cohort members.
The invariant subspaces of S ⊕ S
*
Authors: Timotin Dan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Using the tools of Sz.-Nagy–Foias theory of contractions, we describe in detail the invariant subspaces of the operator S ⊕ S
*, where S is the unilateral shift on a Hilbert space. This answers a question of Câmara and Ross.