bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
GreenCircRNA: a database for plant circRNAs that act as miRNA decoys
Authors: Zhang Jingjing , Hao Zhiqiang , Yin Shuwei , Li Guanglin 
Published: May 2020

AbstractCircular RNAs (circRNAs) are endogenous non-coding RNAs that form a covalently closed continuous loop, are widely distributed and play important roles in a series of developmental processes. In plants, an increasing number of studies have found that circRNAs can regulate plant metabolism and are involved in plant responses to biotic or abiotic stress. Acting as miRNA decoys is a critical way for circRNAs to perform their functions. Therefore, we developed GreenCircRNA—a database for plant circRNAs acting as miRNA decoys that is dedicated to providing a plant-based platform for detailed exploration of plant circRNAs and their potential decoy functions. This database includes over 210 000 circRNAs from 69 species of plants; the main data sources of circRNAs in this database are NCBI, EMBL-EBI and Phytozome. To investigate the function of circRNAs as competitive endogenous RNAs, the possibility of circRNAs from 38 plants to act as miRNA decoys was predicted. Moreover, we provide basic information for the circRNAs in the database, including their locations, host genes and relative expression levels, as well as full-length sequences, host gene GO (Gene Ontology) numbers and circRNA visualization. GreenCircRNA is the first database for the prediction of circRNAs that act as miRNA decoys and contains the largest number of plant species.Database URL: http://greencirc.cn
Highly Bioavailable Curcumin Derivative Ameliorates Crohn’s Disease Symptoms: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Multicenter Study
Authors: Sugimoto Ken , Ikeya Kentaro , Bamba Shigeki , Andoh Akira , Yamasaki Hiroshi , Mitsuyama Keiichi , Nasuno Masanao , Tanaka Hiroki , Matsuura Ai , Kato Masaichi , Ishida Natsuki , Tamura Satoshi , Takano Ryosuke , Tani Shinya , Osawa Satoshi , Nishihira Jun , Hanai Hiroyuki 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackground & AimsThe new curcumin derivative Theracurmin® has a 27–fold higher absorption rate than natural curcumin powder. Theracurmin® is an inhibitor of nuclear factor-κB, which mediates the expression of inflammatory cytokines. The effect of Theracurmin® on inflammatory bowel disease in humans has not been explored; therefore, we investigated the efficacy and safety of Theracurmin® in patients with Crohn’s disease.MethodsIn this randomized, double-blinded study performed at 5 independent medical centers in Japan, Theracurmin® (360 mg/day, n = 20) or placebo (n = 10) was administered to patients with active mild-to-moderate Crohn’s disease for 12 weeks. The agent’s efficacy was assessed by evaluating clinical and endoscopic remission, healing of anal lesions, and blood levels of inflammatory markers.ResultsIn the Theracurmin® group, a significant reduction in clinical disease activity was observed in week 12 relative to that in week 0 (p = 0.005). On intention-to-treat analysis, clinical remission rates were 35%, 40%, and 40% at weeks 4, 8, and 12, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the placebo group (all 0%; p = 0.033, p = 0.020, and p = 0.020, respectively). Furthermore, reduction in endoscopic Crohn’s disease severity (p = 0.032) was observed at week 12 in the Theracurmin® group. The endoscopic remission rates were 15% and 0% in the Theracurmin® and placebo groups, respectively. Significant healing of anal lesions (p = 0.017) was observed at week 8 in the Theracurmin® group. No serious adverse events were observed in either group throughout the study.ConclusionsTheracurmin® shows significant clinical and endoscopic efficacy together with a favorable safety profile in patients with active mild-to-moderate Crohn’s disease.Clinical trial UMIN registration IDUMIN000015770.
Cost-effectiveness of low-dose colchicine after myocardial infarction in the Colchicine Cardiovascular Outcomes Trial (COLCOT)
Authors: Samuel Michelle , Tardif Jean-Claude , Khairy Paul , Roubille François , Waters David D , Grégoire Jean C , Pinto Fausto J , Maggioni Aldo P , Diaz Rafael , Berry Colin , Koenig Wolfgang , Ostadal Petr , Lopez-Sendon Jose , Gamra Habib , Kiwan Ghassan S , Dubé Marie-Pierre , Provencher Mylène , Orfanos Andreas , Blondeau Lucie , Kouz Simon , L’Allier Philippe L , Ibrahim Reda , Bouabdallaoui Nadia , Mitchell Dominic , Guertin Marie-Claude , Lelorier Jacques 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Aims
In the randomized, placebo-controlled Colchicine Cardiovascular Outcomes Trial (COLCOT) of 4745 patients enrolled within 30 days after myocardial infarction (MI), low-dose colchicine (0.5 mg once daily) reduced the incidence of the primary composite endpoint of cardiovascular death, resuscitated cardiac arrest, MI, stroke, or urgent hospitalization for angina leading to coronary revascularization. To assess the in-trial period and lifetime cost-effectiveness of low-dose colchicine therapy compared to placebo in post-MI patients on standard-of-care therapy.

Methods and results
A multistate Markov model was developed incorporating the primary efficacy and safety results from COLCOT, as well as healthcare costs and utilities from the Canadian healthcare system perspective. All components of the primary outcome, non-cardiovascular deaths, and pneumonia were included as health states in the model as both primary and recurrent events. In the main analysis, a deterministic approach was used to estimate the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) for the trial period (24 months) and lifetime (20 years). Over the in-trial period, the addition of colchicine to post-MI standard-of-care treatment decreased the mean overall per-patient costs by 47%, from $502 to $265 Canadian dollar (CAD), and increased the quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) from 1.30 to 1.34. The lifetime per-patient costs were further reduced (69%) and QALYs increased with colchicine therapy (from 8.82 to 11.68). As a result, both in-trial and lifetime ICERs indicated colchicine therapy was a dominant strategy.

Conclusion
Cost-effectiveness analyses indicate that the addition of colchicine to standard-of-care therapy after MI is economically dominant and therefore generates cost savings.
Attracting New Investigators to Alzheimer’s Disease Research: Outcomes of Increased Funding and Outreach
Authors: Katiyar Pragati , Nagy Catherine , Sauma Samir , Bernard Marie A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Since 2015, the National Institute on Aging (NIA), National Institutes of Health (NIH), has experienced significant increases in funding for Alzheimer’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease-related dementias (AD/ADRD). This analysis assesses the impact of these funds on expanding the AD/ADRD workforce. NIA administered 860 awards to 695 AD/ADRD R01 awardees during fiscal year 2015–2018. Twenty-nine percent of awardees were new or early-stage investigators, while 38% were new to the AD/ADRD research field (NTF). Among these NTFs, 59% were established investigators, that is, experts with NIH funding in another discipline but new to AD/ADRD research. Awards were further analyzed to determine the focus of their research based on International Alzheimer’s Disease Research Portfolio (IADRP) categories. Forty-six percent were focused on Molecular Pathogenesis and Physiology. Other IADRP categories, including Diagnosis, Assessment, and Disease Monitoring and Translational Research and Clinical Interventions, represented 5%–15% of awards. Significantly, NTF investigators received 50%, 42%, and 70% of the total grants awarded in Population Studies, Dementia Care, and Brain Aging, respectively, suggesting that NTF investigators are filling research gaps. While these results suggest that enhanced funding is associated with recruitment of new talent, opportunities for further growth remain, particularly related to care, caregiving, and health disparities.
Facebook Filters, Fundamental Rights, and the CJEU’s Glawischnig-Piesczek Ruling
Authors: Keller Daphne 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The Court of Justice of the European Union’s (CJEU) 2019 ruling in Glawischnig-Piesczek v Facebook Ireland** addresses courts’ powers to issue injunctions requiring internet hosting platforms to proactively monitor content posted by their users. It answers important questions about limitations on such injunctions under the eCommerce Directive (Directive 2000/31/EC). But, as this Opinion explains, it leaves some much thornier questions unresolved.
Glawischnig-Piesczek holds that courts may, consistent with Art. 15 of the eCommerce Directive, require platforms to monitor for and remove specific content. Monitoring orders may not, however, require platforms to carry out an ‘independent assessment’ of the content. The ruling does not closely examine what kinds of injunctions or filtering technologies are permissible, nor does it explore fundamental rights considerations when courts are asked to order platforms to monitor their users. This Opinion lays out the case’s technological, legal, and policy backdrop, and identifies important questions it leaves open for Member State courts. In particular, the Opinion suggests that Glawischnig-Piesczek’s limitation on ‘independent assessment’ will make it difficult for courts to devise injunctions that simultaneously follow the CJEU’s guidance under the eCommerce Directive and meet the requirements of fundamental rights. It lists key fundamental rights considerations for future cases involving potential monitoring injunctions, including procedural considerations in cases affecting the rights of absent third parties.
High Disease Burden Drives Indirect Costs in Employed Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients: The WORK-IBD Study
Authors: van Gennep Sara , Evers Sanne W , Rietdijk Svend T , Gielen Marieke E , de Boer Nanne K H , Gecse Krisztina B , Ponsioen Cyriel I J , Duijvestein Marjolijn , D’Haens Geert R , de Boer Angela G E M , Löwenberg Mark 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Work productivity (WP) loss includes absence from work (absenteeism) and productivity loss while working (presenteeism), which leads to high indirect costs in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Prior health economic analyses predominantly focused on absenteeism. Here we focus on presenteeism and assess predictors of WP loss, fatigue, and reduced health-related quality of life (HRQL).

Methods
Employed IBD patients completed the following surveys: Work Productivity and Activity Impairment, Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory, and Short Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire. Predictors were assessed using uni- and multivariable regression analyses. Annual costs were calculated using percentages of WP loss, hourly wages, and contract hours.

Results
Out of 1590 invited patients, 768 (48%) responded and 510 (32%) were included. Absenteeism, presenteeism, and overall WP loss were reported by 94 (18%), 257 (50%), and 269 (53%) patients, respectively, resulting in mean (SD) annual costs of €1738 (5505), €5478 (8629), and €6597 (9987), respectively. Disease activity and active perianal disease were predictors of WP loss (odds ratio [OR] = 6.6; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.6-12.1); OR = 3.7; 95% CI, 1.5-8.7). Disease activity and arthralgia were associated with fatigue (OR = 3.6; 95% CI, 1.9-6.8; OR = 1.8; 95% CI, 1.0-3.3)) and reduced HRQL (OR = 10.3; 95% CI, 5.9-17.9; OR = 2.3; 95 % CI, 1.4-3.8). Fatigue was the main reason for absenteeism (56%) and presenteeism (70%). Fatigue and reduced HRQL led to increased costs compared with absence of fatigue and normal HRQL (mean difference = €6630; 95% CI, €4977–€8283, P &lt; 0.01; mean difference = €9575; 95% CI, €7767–€11,384, P &lt; 0.01).

Conclusions
Disease activity and disease burden lead to WP loss in approximately half of the employed IBD population, driving indirect costs. Fatigue is the most important reason for WP loss.
Serious Mental Illness Among Young People Who Inject Drugs: An Assessment of Injection Risks and Healthcare Use
Authors: Adams Monica , Sionean Catlainn , Broz Dita , Lewis Rashunda , Wejnert Cyprian ,   NHBS Study Group, Wortley Pascale , Todd Jeff , Sato Kimi , Flynn Colin , German Danielle , Fukuda Dawn , Doherty Rose , Wittke Chris , Prachand Nikhil , Benbow Nanette , Jimenez Antonio D , Poe Jonathon , Sheu Shane , Novoa Alicia , Al-Tayyib Alia , Mattson Melanie , Griffin Vivian , Higgins Emily , Macomber Kathryn , Khuwaja Salma , Lopez Zaida , Padgett Paige , Sey Ekow Kwa , Ma Yingbo , LaLota Marlene , Schacht John-Mark , Forrest David , Anderson Bridget , Romano Anthony , Smith Lou , Robinson William T , Barak Narquis , Zarwell Meagan C , Neaigus Alan , Reilly Kathleen H , Bolden Barbara , Wogayehu Afework , Godette Henry , Brady Kathleen A , Shpaner Mark , Shinefeld Jennifer , Bayang Lissa , Tovar-Moore Veronica , Raymond H Fisher , Ick Theresa , De León Sandra Miranda , Rolón-Colón Yadira , Jaenicke Tom , Thiede Hanne , Burt Richard , Opoku Jenevieve , Kuo Irene , Abara Winston , Balaji Alexandra , Broz Dita , Cook Jonathan , Cooley Laura , Cribbin Melissa , Denning Paul , Doyle Katherine , Finlayson Teresa , Hageman Kathy , Hess Kristen , Hoots Brooke , Ivy Wade , Le Binh , Lewis Rashunda , Mason Stacey , Nerlander Lina , Paz-Bailey Gabriela , Robbins Taylor , Salo Kathryn , Sionean Catlainn , Smith Amanda , Smith Justin , Spiller Michael , Wejnert Cyprian , Wise Akilah , Xia Mingjing 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundData on behavioral correlates of mental illness among young people who inject drugs (PWID) are limited. We examine injection risks and healthcare use among young PWID with probable serious mental illness (PSMI).MethodsPeople who inject drugs were recruited and interviewed in 20 US cities for 2015 National HIV Behavioral Surveillance. Probable serious mental illness was assessed using the Kessler-6 screening scale. Bivariate analyses using log-linked Poisson regression with generalized estimating equations adjusted for design covariates were conducted to examine associations between PSMI and behaviors among PWID ages 18–29 years.ResultsOf 1769 young PWID, 45% had PSMI. Compared to those without PSMI, PWID with PSMI were more likely to report injecting more than once a day, receptive syringe sharing, sharing of other injection equipment, and unmet needs for medical care and substance use disorder (SUD) treatment. Those with PSMI were less likely to use syringe services programs than those without PSMI.ConclusionsApproximately half of young PWID had PSMI. People who inject drugs with PSMI engaged in high-risk injection behaviors and encountered barriers to healthcare. Human immunodeficiency virus prevention programs such as Syringe Services Programs (SSPs) could benefit from screening for mental illness among young PWID and strong linkage to healthcare, including mental health and SUD treatment.
Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Direct-Acting Antiviral Therapy in Persons With Human Immunodeficiency Virus–HCV Genotype 1 Coinfection Resulting in High Rate of Sustained Virologic Response and Variable in Normalization of Soluble Markers of Immune Activation
Authors: Anthony Donald D , Sulkowski Mark S , Smeaton Laura M , Damjanovska Sofi , Shive Carey L , Kowal Corinne M , Cohen Daniel E , Bhattacharya Debika , Alston-Smith Beverly L , Balagopal Ashwin , Wyles David L 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundHepatitis C virus (HCV) direct-acting antivirals are highly effective. Less is known about changes in markers of immune activation in persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in whom a sustained virologic response (SVR) is achieved.MethodsWe conducted a nonrandomized clinical trial of 12 or 24 weeks of paritaprevir-ritonavir-ombitasvir plus dasabuvir (PrOD) with or without ribavirin in persons with HCV-1/HIV coinfection suppressed with antiretroviral therapy. Plasma HCV, soluble CD14 (sCD14), interferon-inducible protein 10, soluble CD163 (sCD163), interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 18, monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP-1), autotaxin (ATX), and Mac2-binding protein (Mac2BP) were measured over 48 weeks.ResultsParticipants were treated with PrOD for 12 (n = 9) or 24 (n = 36) weeks; the SVR rate at 12 weeks was 93%. At baseline, cirrhosis was associated with higher ATX and MCP-1, female sex with higher ATX and IL-6, older age with higher Mac2BP, higher body mass index with higher ATX, and HIV-1 protease inhibitor use with higher sCD14 levels. In those with SVR, interferon-inducible protein 10, ATX, and Mac2BP levels declined by week 2, interleukin 18 levels declined by the end of treatment, sCD14 levels did not change, and sCD163, MCP-1, and IL-6 levels changed at a single time point.ConclusionsDuring HIV/HCV coinfection, plasma immune activation marker heterogeneity is in part attributable to age, sex, cirrhosis, body mass index, and/or type of antiretroviral therapy. HCV treatment with paritaprevir-ritonavir-ombitasvir plus dasabuvir is highly effective and is associated with variable rate and magnitude of decline in markers of immune activation.Clinical Trials RegistrationNCT02194998.
Amino acids: key sources for immunometabolites and immunotransmitters
Authors: Miyajima Michio 
Published: May 2020

AbstractImmune-cell activation and functional plasticity are closely linked to metabolic reprogramming that is required to supply the energy and substrates for such dynamic transformations. During such processes, immune cells metabolize many kinds of molecules including nucleic acids, sugars and lipids, which is called immunometabolism. This review will mainly focus on amino acids and their derivatives among such metabolites and describe the functions of these molecules in the immune system. Although amino acids are essential for, and well known as, substrates for protein synthesis, they are also metabolized as energy sources and as substrates for functional catabolites. For example, glutamine is metabolized to produce energy through glutaminolysis and tryptophan is consumed to supply nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, whereas arginine is metabolized to produce nitric acid and polyamine by nitric oxide synthase and arginase, respectively. In addition, serine is catabolized to produce nucleotides and to induce methylation reactions. Furthermore, in addition to their intracellular functions, amino acids and their derivatives are secreted and have extracellular functions as immunotransmitters. Many amino acids and their derivatives have been classified as neurotransmitters and their functions are clear as transmitters between nerve cells, or between nerve cells and immune cells, functioning as immunotransmitters. Thus, this review will describe the intracellular and external functions of amino acid from the perspective of immunometabolism and immunotransmission.
Inter-Individual Variation in Anti-Parasitic Egg Rejection Behavior: A Test of the Maternal Investment Hypothesis
Authors: Hauber M E , Abolins-Abols M , Kim C R , Paitz R T 
Published: May 2020

Synopsis
Hosts of avian brood parasites may reduce or forego the costs of caring for foreign young by rejecting parasitic eggs from the nest. Yet, many host species accept parasitic eggs and, even among rejecter species, some individuals go on to incubate and hatch them. The factors explaining the variation in egg rejection between species have received much theoretical and empirical attention, but the causes of intraspecific variation in different individuals’ propensity for accepting parasitic eggs are less well understood. Here we tested the maternal investment hypothesis, which predicts that hosts with costlier clutches will be more likely to reject parasitic eggs from their nest. We studied variation in the egg rejection responses of American robins (Turdus migratorius), a robust egg-rejecter host of the brood parasitic brown-headed cowbird (Molothrus ater), to 3D-printed cowbird-sized eggs which were painted dark blue, a color known to induce variable and repeatable egg rejection responses in individual robins. Costlier clutch investment was estimated by earlier laying date, larger clutch size, heavier unincubated yolk mass, and variable yolk steroid hormone concentrations. There was no statistical support for most of our predictions. However, we detected more concentrated and greater overall amount of deoxycorticosterone deposited in egg yolks of rejecters relative to acceptors, although this accounted for no more than 14% of variance in the data. Future work should test experimentally the potential physiological linkage between maternal egg yolk steroid investment and egg rejection propensity in this and other host species of avian brood parasites.
Ten-Month Evaluation of the Routine Application of Patient Moving Average for Real-Time Quality Control in a Hospital Setting
Authors: van Rossum Huub H , van den Broek Daan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
In recent years there has been renewed interest in patient-based real-time quality control (PBRTQC) techniques. This interest has been stimulated by the availability of new optimization and validation methods. Only a limited amount of research has focused on investigating the true operational value of PBRTQC. Therefore, we have evaluated the performance and value of recently implemented patient moving average quality control (MA QC) procedures.

Methods
The MA QC settings and protocols were as previously described (Clin Chem Lab Med 2019;57:1329–38) and included MA QCs for 10 chemistry and 6 hematological tests, all performed on duplicate analyzer systems. All MA QC alarms that occurred during the first 10 months of routine clinical application were investigated for assay-specific alarm rate and occurrence in time. Furthermore, the causes of these MA QC alarms were investigated, and alarm relevance was determined on the basis of total allowable bias (TBa) and error (TEa) derived from biological variations.

Results
During the 10-month period, 202 individual MA QC alarms occurred, resulting in an overall MA QC alarm rate of 0.030% and a frequency of 4.67 per week. Most alarms were triggered by sodium MA QC. Based on all available fully executed and documented MA QC alarm work-ups, MA QC detected errors that in 26.0% of the alarms exceeded the TBa and in 13.7% the TEa. In 9.2% of the alarms, MA QC alarming triggered instant (technical) corrections.

Conclusions
Routine clinical application of MA QC is feasible with maintaining a manageable number of alarms and enabling detection of relevant analytical errors.
The dilemma of the duplicated cystic duct: a case report
Authors: Harding Tim , Hannan Enda , Brosnan Conor , Duggan William , Ryan David , Stafford Anthony , Maguire Donal 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
We present a rare case of a duplicated cystic duct encountered during an elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy in a patient with biliary colic. Prompt recognition of an intraoperative bile leak followed by thorough examination and recognition of the source allowed for timely and appropriate management of the affected patient with a satisfactory post-operative outcome. Our case is unique by the lack of availability of intraoperative cholangiogram at the time of surgery, which posed a significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenge, and by how aberrant anatomy was confirmed intraoperatively by reviewing prior cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. Unremarkable preoperative imaging does not rule out the presence of abnormal anatomy. Early involvement of a specialist hepatobiliary surgeon is essential in an unexplained bile leak, with a low threshold in converting to an open procedure if there is difficulty in clearly deciphering anatomy.
Oesophageal stenosis caused by giant multilevel anterior cervical osteophytosis
Authors: Ezzy Mohsen , Kraus Thomas , Berkhoff Stefan 
Published: May 2020

AbstractDysphagia secondary to osteoarticular disorders is a rare entity. In this report, we present the case of a 76-year-old female patient with progressive dysphagia and recurrent aspiration pneumonia caused by large anterior cervical osteophytes. Osteophytectomy was performed without spinal fusion. The patient reported significant improvement post-operatively, and no recurrence was detected at the 1-year follow-up. Cervical osteophytosis should be suspected as a cause of dysphagia, especially in elderly patients with degenerative osteoarthritic disease when other causes have been excluded.