bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding the impact of bilateral brain injury in children with unilateral cerebral palsy
Authors: Pagnozzi Alex M. , Pannek Kerstin , Fripp Jurgen , Fiori Simona , Boyd Roslyn N. , Rose Stephen 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe presence of bilateral brain injury in patients with unilateral cerebral palsy (CP) may impact neuroplasticity in the ipsilateral hemisphere; however, this pattern of injury is typically under‐analyzed due to the lack of methods robust to severe injury. In this study, injury‐robust methods have been applied to structural brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data of a cohort of 91 children with unilateral CP (37 with unilateral and 54 with bilateral brain injury, 4–17 years) and 44 typically developing controls (5–17 years), to determine how brain structure is associated with concurrent motor function, and if these associations differ between patients with unilateral or bilateral injury. Regression models were used to associate these measures with two clinical scores of hand function, with patient age, gender, brain injury laterality, and interaction effects included. Significant associations with brain structure and motor function were observed (Pearson's r = .494–.716), implicating several regions of the motor pathway, and demonstrating an accurate prediction of hand function from MRI, regardless of the extent of brain injury. Reduced brain volumes were observed in patients with bilateral injury, including volumes of the thalamus and corpus callosum splenium, compared to those with unilateral injury, and the healthy controls. Increases in cortical thickness in several cortical regions were observed in cohorts with unilateral and bilateral injury compared to controls, potentially suggesting neuroplasticity might be occurring in the inferior frontal gyrus and the precuneus. These findings identify prospective useful target regions for transcranial magnetic stimulation intervention.
Osteoradionecrosis in osseous free flap reconstruction: Risk factors and treatment
Authors: Dziegielewski Peter T. , Bernard Stewart , Mendenhall William M. , Hitchock Kathryn E. , Parker Gibbs Charles , Wang Joy , Amdur Robert J. , Silver Natalie L. , Hardeman John , Seikaly Hadi , Reschly William J. , Danan Deepa , Sawhney Raja 
Published: March 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the rate and risk factors for osteoradionecrosis (ORN) in osseous free flaps after postoperative radiation therapy (PORT). To describe the treatment of free flap ORN.MethodsSeventy‐four patients undergoing osseous free flap reconstruction were analyzed. Thirty‐eight completed PORT. Patients were followed for ≥6 months.ResultsThe rate of ORN was 34% overall; 0% with 50 to 59.9 Gy; 8% with 60 Gy; 40% with 66 Gy; 56% with 70 to 74.4 Gy. Mean time to ORN was 13.1 months. 0/28 patients without PORT developed free flap osteonecrosis. Multivariate analysis found the only factor predicting ORN: PORT >60 Gy, which increased the risk 21‐fold. Treatment included PENTACLO, hyperbaric oxygen, and surgical debridement with 75% within 2 years.ConclusionPORT >60 Gy is significantly associated with free flap ORN. As the dose of adjuvant RT increases beyond 60 Gy, the risk of ORN in free flaps rises. Consideration should be given to lower PORT doses or delaying free flap reconstruction when feasible.
Use of Femur Length as a Means of Assessing M‐Mode Ventricular Dimensions During Second and Third Trimesters of Pregnancy in Normal Fetus
Authors: De Vore Greggory R. , Siassi Bijan , Platt Lawrence D. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractEighty‐two normal fetuses were scanned from 18 to 41 weeks of gestation. The following M‐mode measurements were correlated with the femur length: end‐diastolic right ventricular (r = 0.93), left ventricular (r = 0.92), biventricular outer (r = 0.94), and biventricular inner (r = 0.94) dimensions; tricuspid (r = 0.93) and mitral (r = 0.92) valve opening excursion; right (r = 0.76) and left (r = 0.70) ventricular wall thickness; and interventricular septal thickness (r = 0.75). Polynomial regression demonstrated that linear regression best described the data from which the mean and 5% and 95% confidence limits for predicted M‐mode measurements were computed for the femur length.
Placental Grade and Pulmonary Maturity in Premature Fetuses
Authors: Destro F. , Calcagnile F. , Ceccarello P. L. , Lando M. , Destro M. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe correlation between the placental echographic appearances and pulmonary maturity was studied in 32 cases of normal pregnancy between the 29th and 33d weeks. The placental appearance was classified according to Grannum's criteria, and an amniocentesis was performed in each case. Both an L/S ratio and a foam stability (Clements') test were performed on the amniotic fluid. There were 10 cases of grade I and 22 cases of grade II placenta in the series. There was one mature L/S ratio in each placental grade; both had intermediate results with Clements' test. These findings differ significantly from those published in the literature on the subject, which are based on investigations in more mature fetal populations.
Comparison of Computed Tomography and Ultrasound in the Evaluation of Abdominal Neuroblastoma
Authors: Saks John B. , Bryan Patrick J. , Yulish Barry S. , Gauderer Michael W. L. , Haaga John R. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA retrospective review of 15 cases of abdominal neuroblastoma was undertaken to determine the efficacy of ultrasound (US) in the evaluation of this disorder. Thirteen of the 15 cases were studied with both US and computed tomography (CT). It was found that US was accurate in all but two cases, where shadowing from bowel gas and dense tumor calcifications prevented accurate delineation of residual tumors. The CT scans were degraded by artifacts from surgical clips in three cases and by patient motion in one. A nonopacified loop of bowel was mistaken for tumor by CT in one case. We conclude that although both CT and US should be done initially, US alone is adequate in most cases for follow‐up of abdominal neuroblastoma. When excessive bowel gas is encountered, or dense tumor calcifications are known to be present, CT is the modality of choice.
Sonography of Experimental Acute Renal Vein Occlusion
Authors: Paling Michael R. , Wakefield Jean A. , Watson Laurence R. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractComplete occlusion of the renal vein in five rabbits with the kidney in its normal position was followed by high‐resolution ultrasound. Early changes consisted of moderate renal enlargement and a diffuse increase in renal echogenicity with a fine echo pattern. On the average, renal length increased by only 13%. Delayed changes were a gradual reduction in renal echogenicity, falling to below baseline, with blurring of the corticomedullary boundary. Intrarenal hemorrhage alone occurred in only one kidney. Perirenal hematomata were seen in two other cases associated with localized intrarenal hemorrhage adjacent to the point of capsular rupture (overall renal morphology was preserved). The relative subtlety of the changes observed contrasts with previously reported data and is felt to preclude a specific diagnosis.
Sustainable drug release from highly porous and architecturally engineered composite scaffolds prepared by 3D printing
Authors: Tamjid Elnaz , Bohlouli Mahsa , Mohammadi Soheila , Alipour Hossein , Nikkhah Maryam 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAdditive manufacturing techniques have evolved novel opportunities for the fabrication of highly porous composite scaffolds with well‐controlled and interconnected pore structures which is notably important for tissue engineering. In this work, poly (ε‐caprolactone) (PCL)‐based composite scaffolds (average pore diameter of 450 μm and strut thickness of 400 μm) reinforced with 10 vol% bioactive glass particles (BG; ∼6 μm) or TiO2 nanoparticles (∼21 nm), containing different concentrations of tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) as an antimicrobial agent, were prepared by 3D printing. In order to investigate the effect of fabrication process and scaffold geometry on the biocompatibility, drug release kinetics, and antibacterial activity, polymer and composite films (2D structures) were also prepared by solvent casting method. We demonstrate that even without any additional coating layer, sustainable release can be attained on highly porous scaffolds prepared by 3D printing due to chemical interactions between functional groups of TCH and the bioactive particles. Herein, the effect of TiO2 nanoparticles on the release rate is substantially more pronounced than BG particles. Nevertheless, agar well‐diffusion and MTT assays determine better cellular viability and higher antibacterial effect for PCL/BG composite. Although all the drug‐eluting composite scaffolds exhibit acceptable hemocompatibility, in vitro cellular and bacterial studies also determine that the maximum amount of TCH that can inhibit gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and gram negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria without cytotoxicity effect (≥95% viability) is 0.57 mg/ml. These findings may pave the way for designing structurally engineered composite scaffolds with sustainable drug release profile by additive manufacturing techniques for tissue engineering applications.
Structure, mechanical, optical, and imaging contrast features of Yb3+, Dy3+, Tb3+, Gd3+, Eu3+, and Nd3+substituted Y2O3‐Ln2O3solid solution
Authors: Kalaivani Srigurunathan , Kannan Sanjeevi 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBulk ceramic that possess the combined features of structural stability at elevated temperatures, appropriate mechanical stability, luminescence features, magnetic resonance (MR) and computed tomography (CT) imaging capacity in a single platform is considered an exciting prospect in biomedical applications. In this study, six different lanthanides (Ln3+:Yb3+, Dy3+, Tb3+, Gd3+, Eu3+, and Nd3+) were combined together to yield a Y2O3:Ln2O3solid solution and subsequently tested for the proposed application. Three different Y2O3:Ln2O3solid solutions were formed by varying the concentrations of Ln3+precursors. A unique cubic crystal structure withIa‐3 (206)space setting is retained until 1500 °C and moreover an expanded lattice is accomplished with the gradual inclusion of six different Ln3+. Optical analysis inferred the characteristic electronic transitions of all the Ln3+and moreover up‐conversion and down‐conversion emission behavior were also attributed by the material during excitation at 795 and 350 nm. Nanoindentation studies exercised on the material envisaged reasonably enhanced hardness and Young's modulus values. Further, the enhanced CT imaging potential alongside in vitro MRI study deliberating the longitudinal (T1) and transverse (T2) relaxivity ability of the material is also established.
A‐kinase interacting protein 1 (AKIP1) associates with advanced overall disease condition, tumor properties, and unfavorable prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma patients
Authors: Fang Tao , Lu Qi 
Published: March 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe presented study aimed to investigate the association of A‐kinase interacting protein 1 (AKIP1) expression with tumor properties, liver functions, cancer markers, and overall survival (OS) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients.MethodsA total of 432 HCC patients receiving surgery were retrospectively reviewed in our study. Clinical characteristics of patients were obtained. Tumor tissue specimens of all patients were collected, and AKIP1 expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay. OS was assessed, and the median follow‐up duration was 35.0 months. AKIP1 high expression was defined as total IHC score more than 3 and was further graded as AKIP1 high+ (IHC 4‐6), AKIP1 high++ (IHC 7‐9), and AKIP1 high+++ (IHC 10‐12).ResultsAbout 265 (61.3%) patients presented with AKIP1 low expression and 167 (38.7%) patients had AKIP1 high expression. AKIP1 high expression correlated with higher performance status score (P = .006), largest tumor size ≥5.0 cm (P < .001), Barcelona clinic liver cancer (BCLC) stage B (vs stage A; P = .024), increased alpha‐fetoprotein level (P = .036), and higher carbohydrate antigen 199 level (P < .001). AKIP1 high expression (P < .001) and increased AKIP1 expression grade (P < .001) both correlated with worse OS, and Cox's regression analyses revealed that AKIP1 high expression (P < .001) was an independent predictive factor for shorter OS. In subgroup analysis, AKIP1 high expression and more advanced AKIP1 expression grade associated with worse OS in both BCLC stage A subgroup patients (both P < .001) and BCLC stage B subgroup patients (both P < .001), respectively.ConclusionAKIP1 is a novel and promising biomarker for disease monitoring and prognosis in HCC patients.
Synthetic transformations and biological screening of benzoxazole derivatives: A review
Authors: Sattar Rabia , Mukhtar Rubina , Atif Muhammad , Hasnain Muhammad , Irfan Ali 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe presence of benzoxazole moiety in most of the heterocyclic compounds is well reported. The present literature review mainly highlights the novel synthetic transformation and describes the biological potential of most of the heterocyclic compounds by virtue of presence of benzoxazole framework. Most of the researchers have revealed that benzoxazole derivatives exhibit significant antibacterial, anti‐inflammatory, antifungal, anticancer, analgesic, antiviral, anti‐tubercular, and anthelmintic activities. Benzoxazole moieties also act as tyrosinase inhibitor and cholesterol ester transfer protein inhibitor. This literature review may provide an opportunity to the chemists to design new derivatives of benzoxazole that proved to be the successful agent in view of safety, effectiveness, and efficacy.
Local decadal prediction according to statistical/dynamical approaches
Authors: Redolat Dario , Monjo Robert , Paradinas Cesar , Pórtoles Javier , Gaitán Emma , Prado‐Lopez Carlos , Ribalaygua Jaime 
Published: March 2020

AbstractDynamical climate models present an initialization problem due to the poor availability of deep oceanic data, which is required for the model assimilation process. In this sense, teleconnection indices, defined from spatial and temporal patterns of climatic variables, are conceived as useful tools to complement them. In this work, the near‐term climate predictability of 35 temperature and 36 precipitation time series of three cities (Barcelona, Bristol and Lisbon) was analysed using two approaches: (a) a statistical–dynamical combination of self‐predictable teleconnection indices and long‐term climate projections on a local scale and (b) dynamical model outputs obtained from drift‐corrected decadal experiments. Fourier and wavelet analyses were used to assess the predictability of seven teleconnection indices thanks to a cross‐validation process (with differentiated training and validation periods). The standardized absolute error of teleconnection‐based prediction was compared with that obtained from a (9) multi‐model ensemble based on the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5. Results showed that decadal predictions at horizons between 20 and 30 years are adequate for temperature and precipitation if a teleconnection‐based approach is used, while temperature is better predicted from a 5‐year horizon using drift‐corrected dynamical outputs.
Reduction of arthrofibrosis utilizing a collagen membrane drug‐eluting scaffold with celecoxib and subcutaneous injections with ketotifen
Authors: Limberg Afton K. , Tibbo Meagan E. , Salib Christopher G. , McLaury Alex R. , Turner Travis W. , Berry Charlotte E. , Jay Anthony G. , Carter Jodi M. , Bolon Brad , Berry Daniel J. , Morrey Mark E. , Sanchez‐Sotelo Joaquin , van Wijnen Andre J. , Abdel Matthew P. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe dense formation of abnormal scar tissue after total knee arthroplasty results in arthrofibrosis, an unfortunate sequela of inflammation. The purpose of this study was to use a validated rabbit model to assess the effects on surgically‐induced knee joint contractures of two combined pharmacological interventions: celecoxib (CXB) loaded on an implanted collagen membrane, and subcutaneously (SQ) injected ketotifen. Thirty rabbits were randomly divided into five groups. The first group received no intervention after the index surgery. The remaining four groups underwent intra‐articular implantation of collagen membranes loaded with or without CXB at the time of the index surgery; two of which were also treated with SQ ketotifen. Biomechanical joint contracture data were collected at 8, 10, 16, and 24 weeks. At the time of necropsy (24 weeks), posterior capsule tissue was collected for messenger RNA and histopathologic analyses. At 24 weeks, there was a statistically significant increase in passive extension among rabbits in all groups treated with CXB and/or ketotifen compared to those in the contracture control group. There was a statistically significant decrease in COL3A1, COL6A1, and ACTA2 gene expression in the treatment groups compared to the contracture control group (P < .001). Histopathologic data also demonstrated a trend towards decreased fibrous tissue density in the CXB membrane group compared to the vehicle membrane group. The present data suggest that intra‐articular placement of a treated collagen membrane blunts the severity of contracture development in a rabbit model of arthrofibrosis, and that ketotifen and CXB may independently contribute to the prevention of arthrofibrosis. Statement of clinical significance: Current literature has demonstrated that arthrofibrosis may affect up to 5% of primary total knee arthroplasty patients. For that reason, novel pharmacologic prophylaxis and treatment modalities are critical to mitigating reoperations and revisions while improving the quality of life for patients with this debilitating condition.
Preparation and application of polyvinyl alcohol‐decorated cell membrane chromatography for screening anti‐osteoporosis components from Liuwei Dihuang decoction‐containing serum
Authors: Wu Can , Wang Nani , Xu Pingcui , Wang Xuping , Shou Dan , Zhu Yan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractCell membrane chromatography is a powerful tool for screening active components from complex matrices. New cell membrane carriers need to be developed to increase the coverage of cell membranes on the surface of stationary phases, thereby improving cell membrane chromatographic retention. In this work, we prepared polyvinyl alcohol‐poly dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride modified silica gel as a cell membrane carrier. Osteoblast cell was used as cell membrane source, which was widely used to evaluate the osteogenic activity of drugs. The new cell membrane chromatographic stationary phase was used to screen anti‐osteoporosis components in Liuwei Dihuang decoction‐containing serum. The chemical structures of the new modified materials were characterized by scanning electronic microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and elemental analysis characterization. Compared with the common cell membrane column, the cell membrane coverage of this modified material was increased by 30%, and thus provided a stronger retention effect in positive drugs. Nineteen metabolites in rat serum samples were retained on the cell membrane chromatography and identified by ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography/time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry. Among those, four components (morroniside, catalpol, loganin, and acteoside) were selected for in vitro pharmacodynamics validation. They significantly increased the osteoblast proliferation. The new modified material was successfully applied to screen anti‐osteoporosis components from Liuwei Dihuang Decoction‐containing serum.
Greater Sage‐Grouse Response to the Physical Footprint of Energy Development
Authors: Kirol Christopher P. , Smith Kurt T. , Graf Nicholas E. , Dinkins Jonathan B. , Lebeau Chad W. , Maechtle Thomas L. , Sutphin Andrew L. , Beck Jeffrey L. 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACTEnergy infrastructure and associated habitat loss can lead to reduced reproductive rates for a variety of species including the greater sage‐grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus). Our goal was to refine our understanding of how the physical footprint of energy development relates to sage‐grouse nest and brood survival. Our survival analyses were conditional upon the amount of surface disturbance female sage‐grouse were exposed to during reproductive stages. We quantified levels of exposure and compared them to the surface disturbance levels of the surrounding area. From 2008–2014, we collected data in 6 study areas in Wyoming, USA, containing 4 primary types of renewable and nonrenewable energy development. Our research focused on press disturbance (i.e., disturbance sustained after initial disturbance and associated with existing energy infrastructure and human activity). Our results suggest exposure to press disturbance during nesting and brood‐rearing was related to lower nest and brood survival, which manifested at different spatial scales. Our analysis of nest survival suggested that the likelihood of a successful nest was negatively associated with the amount of press disturbance within an 8‐km² area. Broods exposed to any press disturbance within a 1‐km2 area were less likely to survive compared to broods not exposed to press disturbance. Female sage‐grouse consistently used habitat with lower disturbance levels during reproductive periods. Greater than 90% of nest and brood‐rearing locations were in habitat with <3% press disturbance within a 2.7‐km2 area. Our research links surface disturbance associated with press disturbance to reproductive costs incurred by sage‐grouse exposed to diverse energy development. Our results demonstrate a pattern of female avoidance of areas where press disturbance was high during nesting and brood‐rearing and survival of nests and broods were highest in areas that had the least amount of disturbance. Our findings underscore the importance of minimizing disturbance to maintain viable sage‐grouse populations. © 2020 The Wildlife Society.
Retracted: MicroRNA‐129‐5p represses the growth and aggressiveness of oral squamous cell carcinoma via suppressing HMGB1
Authors: Song Chun‐Ping , Cong Jing‐Ke , Wang Ming‐Zhen 
Published: March 2020

AbstractRecent investigations have suggested that microRNA‐129‐5p (miR‐129‐5p) is commonly dysregulated in multiple types of malignancies. Nevertheless, the roles of miR‐129‐5p in human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) are not well explored. Herein, we demonstrated that miR‐129‐5p was down‐expressed in OSCC cells and tissues. Moreover, miR‐129‐5p overexpression restrained the growth, migration ability, and invasiveness of OSCC cells. Notably, high‐mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) was identified as a downstream target of miR‐129‐5p. Additional, knockdown of HMGB1 suppressed the growth and aggressive phenotypes of human OSCC cells. Importantly, re‐expression of HMGB1 impaired the inhibitory impacts of miR‐129‐5p on the metastasis of OSCC cells. Altogether, these results implied that miR‐129‐5p restrained the aggressiveness of OSCC cells through modulating HMGB1.