bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Functional Capacity Past Age 40 in Patients With Congenital Ventricular Septal Defects
Authors: Maagaard Marie , Eckerström Filip , Boutrup Nicolai , Hjortdal Vibeke E. 
Published: September 2020

Background
Ventricular septal defects (VSD), when treated correctly in childhood, are considered to have great prognoses, and the majority of patients are discharged from follow‐up when entering their teens. Young adults were previously found to have poorer functional capacity than healthy peers, but the question remains whether functional capacity degenerates further with age.

Methods and Results

A group of 30 patients with surgically closed VSDs (51±8 years) with 30 matched, healthy control participants (52±9 years) and a group of 30 patients with small unrepaired VSDs (55±12 years) and 30 matched control participants (55±10 years) underwent cardiopulmonary exercise testing using an incremental workload protocol and noninvasive gas measurement. Peak oxygen uptake was lower in participants with closed VSDs than matched controls (24±7 versus 34±9 mL/min per kg,
P
<0.01) and with unrepaired VSDs than matched controls (26±5 versus 32±8 mL/min per kg,
P
<0.01). Patients demonstrated lower oxygen uptake from exercise levels at 20% of maximal workload compared with respective control groups (
P
<0.01). Peak ventilation was lower in patients with surgically closed VSDs than control participants (1.0±0.3 versus 1.4±0.4 L/min per kg,
P
<0.01) but similar in patients with unrepaired VSDs and control participants (
P
=0.14). Exercise capacity was 29% lower in older patients with surgically closed VSDs than healthy peers, whereas younger patients with surgically closed VSDs previously demonstrated 18% lower capacity compared with peers. Older patients with unrepaired VSDs reached 21% lower exercise capacity, whereas younger patients with unrepaired VSDs previously demonstrated 17% lower oxygen uptake than healthy peers.

Conclusions
Patients with VSDs demonstrate poorer exercise capacity than healthy peers. The difference between patients and control participants increased with advancing age—and increased most in patients with operated VSDs—compared with previous findings in younger patients. Results warrant continuous follow‐up for these simple defects.
Severe Aortic Stenosis and Chronic Kidney Disease: Outcomes and Impact of Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Bohbot Yohann , Candellier Alexandre , Diouf Momar , Rusinaru Dan , Altes Alexandre , Pasquet Agnes , Maréchaux Sylvestre , Vanoverschelde Jean‐Louis , Tribouilloy Christophe 
Published: September 2020

Background
The prognostic significance of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in severe aortic stenosis is poorly understood and no studies have yet evaluated the effect of aortic‐valve replacement (AVR) versus conservative management on long‐term mortality by stage of CKD.

Methods and Results

We included 4119 patients with severe aortic stenosis. The population was divided into 4 groups according to the baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate: no CKD, mild CKD, moderate CKD, and severe CKD. The 5‐year survival rate was 71±1% for patients without CKD, 62±2% for those with mild CKD, 54±3% for those with moderate CKD, and 34±4% for those with severe CKD (
P
<0.001). By multivariable analysis, patients with moderate or severe CKD had a significantly higher risk of all‐cause (hazard ratio [HR] [95% CI]=1.36 [1.08–1.71];
P
=0.009 and HR [95% CI]=2.16 [1.67–2.79];
P
<0.001, respectively) and cardiovascular mortality (HR [95% CI]=1.39 [1.03–1.88];
P
=0.031 and HR [95% CI]=1.69 [1.18–2.41];
P
=0.004, respectively) than patients without CKD. Despite more symptoms, AVR was less frequent in moderate (
P
=0.002) and severe CKD (
P
<0.001). AVR was associated with a marked reduction in all‐cause and cardiovascular mortality versus conservative management for each CKD group (all
P
<0.001). The joint‐test showed no interaction between AVR and CKD stages (
P
=0.676) indicating a nondifferentialeffect of AVR across stages of CKD. After propensity matching, AVR was still associated with substantially better survival for each CKD stage relative to conservative management (all
P
<0.0017).

Conclusions
In severe aortic stenosis, moderate and severe CKD are associated with increased mortality and decreased referral to AVR. AVR markedly reduces all‐cause and cardiovascular mortality, regardless of the CKD stage. Therefore, CKD should not discourage physicians from considering AVR.
Predictable Patterns of Wintertime Surface Air Temperature in Northern Hemisphere and Their Predictability Sources in the SEAS5
Authors: Fan Hongdou , Wang Lin , Zhang Yang , Tang Youmin , Duan Wansuo , Wang Lei 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBased on 36-yr hindcasts from the fifth-generation seasonal forecast system of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (SEAS5), the most predictable patterns of the wintertime 2-m air temperature (T2m) in the extratropical Northern Hemisphere are extracted via the maximum signal-to-noise (MSN) empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis, and their associated predictability sources are identified. The MSN EOF1 captures the warming trend that amplifies over the Arctic but misses the associated warm Arctic–cold continent pattern. The MSN EOF2 delineates a wavelike T2m pattern over the Pacific–North America region, which is rooted in the tropical forcing of the eastern Pacific-type El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). The MSN EOF3 shows a wavelike T2m pattern over the Pacific–North America region, which has an approximately 90° phase difference from that associated with MSN EOF2, and a loading center over midlatitude Eurasia. Its sources of predictability include the central Pacific-type ENSO and Eurasian snow cover. The MSN EOF4 reflects T2m variability surrounding the Tibetan Plateau, which is plausibly linked to the remote forcing of the Arctic sea ice. The information on the leading predictable patterns and their sources of predictability is further used to develop a calibration scheme to improve the prediction skill of T2m. The calibrated prediction skill in terms of the anomaly correlation coefficient improves significantly over midlatitude Eurasia in a leave-one-out cross-validation, implying a possible way to improve the wintertime T2m prediction in the SEAS5.
A Strong Linkage between Seasonal Crop Growth and Groundwater Storage Variability in India
Authors: Asoka Akarsh , Mishra Vimal 
Published: September 2020

AbstractGroundwater is rapidly depleting in India primarily because of pumping for irrigation. However, the crucial role of crop growth at annual and seasonal time scales in groundwater storage variability remains mostly unexplored. Using the data from the Gravity Recovery Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellites and well observations, we show that crop growth is negatively correlated with groundwater storage at annual and seasonal time scales in north India. Precipitation is positively associated with groundwater storage variability at the yearly time scale in north-central India (NCI) and south India (SI). In contrast, precipitation is negatively correlated with groundwater storage from the GRACE satellites in northwest India (NWI). The negative correlation between precipitation and groundwater from the GRACE in NWI is primarily due to groundwater depletion due to anthropogenic pumping from deep aquifers. Precipitation and groundwater storage from the well observations are positively correlated in all the three regions, indicating the influence of precipitation on shallow aquifers. Analysis of the two main crop growing seasons (Rabi and Kharif) showed that crop growth is negatively related to groundwater storage in both Kharif (June–September) and Rabi seasons in north India (NWI and NCI). Groundwater contributes more than precipitation in NCI during the Kharif season and in NWI and SI during the Rabi season. Granger’s causality test showed that groundwater is a significant contributor to crop growth in NWI and NCI in both Kharif and Rabi seasons. Our results highlight the need for agricultural water management in both the crop growing seasons in north India for reducing the rapid groundwater depletion.
Reducing the Statistical Distribution Error in Gridded Precipitation Data for the Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Ma Jiapei , Li Hongyi , Wang Jian , Hao Xiaohua , Shao Donghang , Lei Huajin 
Published: September 2020

AbstractGridded precipitation data are very important for hydrological and meteorological studies. However, gridded precipitation can exhibit significant statistical bias that needs to be corrected before application, especially in regions where high wind speeds, frequent snowfall, and sparse observation networks can induce significant uncertainties in the final gridded datasets. In this paper, we present a method for the production of gridded precipitation on the Tibetan Plateau (TP). This method reduces the statistical distribution error by correcting for wind-induced undercatch and optimizing the interpolation method. A gridded precipitation product constructed by this method was compared with previous products on the TP. The results show that undercatch correction is necessary for station data, which can reduce the distributional error by 30% at most. A thin-plate splines interpolation algorithm considering altitude as a covariate is helpful to reduce the statistical distributional error in general. Our method effectively inhibits the smoothing effect in gridded precipitation, and compared to previous products, results in a higher mean value, larger 98th percentile, and greater temporal variance. This study can help to improve the quality of gridded precipitation over the TP.
Prevalence of internet addiction in healthcare professionals: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Buneviciene Inesa , Bunevicius Adomas 
Published: September 2020

Background: Internet addition is becoming increasingly recognised as an important mental health problem. Aim: This study examined prevalence of internet addiction in healthcare professionals. Method: Systematic literature review was undertaken of June 4, 2020 with goal to identify studies that evaluated prevalence of internet addiction or problematic internet use in medical professionals. Reported associations with other mental health symptoms were also considered. Results: Prevalence of internet addiction was studied in medical residents only ( n = 770; three studies), faculty members only ( n = 69; one study), nurses only ( n = 564; one study) and mixed samples of medical professionals ( n = 415; three studies). Pooled prevalence rate of internet addiction in 1,818 healthcare professionals was 9.7% (95% confidence interval: 5.8%–13.6%). Internet addiction was associated with greater mental symptom burden and fatigue of healthcare workers. Conclusion: Internet addiction is present in healthcare professionals, however, to a lesser extent than in medical students suggesting that increasing clinical responsibilities and increasing age can be important moderators of risk for internet addiction. Internet addiction is associated with greater burden of unfavourable mental health outcomes of healthcare professionals. Further studies exploring global burden of internet addiction in healthcare professionals and possible impact of internet addiction on work performance of healthcare professionals are encouraged.
From the Cabinet of Curiosities: The misdirection of research and policy debates on small firm growth
Authors: Hart Mark , Prashar Neha , Ri Anastasia 
Published: September 2020

We would like to thank Professor Mark Hart, Dr Neha Prashar and Dr Anastasia Ri for compiling our Annual Review Article of 2020 which is dedicated to the memory of Michael Anyadike-Danes. Analyses of growth and scalability are of perennial interest given the centrality of this issue and the diverse range of debate it generates; it is clearly of even greater importance during the current pandemic given the disruption to markets and related economic volatility. This review papers offers a refreshing critique of axioms regarding scalability which have been latched onto by policy makers but are not supported by longitudinal evidence and instead, considers alternative pathways for future research. I would like to extend my thanks to the authors and to the referee who commented upon an earlier version of this article, for their valuable contribution to the ISBJ. Understanding business growth, and particularly the growth of small firms, has been the subject of academic enquiry for over 40 years. Yet, it still creates debate and controversy as academics and policy makers wrestle with a rich, complex evidence base. From a policy perspective, ‘scaling’ is an important dynamic to nurture in the UK economy, but we argue that current discussions about ‘scale-ups’ are profoundly unhelpful from a policy perspective and has misdirected research effort and public policy resources. We step away from growth rates as the central concern – the preoccupation of the Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD) High-Growth Firm metric – towards ‘growth trajectories’ which better captures the interplay between growth and survival. It provides a different approach to measuring the contribution of rapidly growing firms to job creation and economic growth.
Serum apolipoprotein A-II and alpha-2-antiplasmin levels in midtrimester can be used as predictors of preterm delivery
Authors: Huang Jianxia , Yang Yuhong , He Pei 
Published: September 2020

Objective To identify serum protein markers in midtrimester that predict preterm delivery. Methods A retrospective case–control study randomly selected patients that experienced spontaneous preterm birth and healthy control patients that experienced a normal delivery at term. A proteomic analysis was undertaken using the data-independent acquisition method. Results A total of 30 singleton pregnant women were randomly selected from 12 800 pregnant women: 15 women had a spontaneous preterm birth (group Y) and 15 age- and body mass index-matched women gave birth at term (group D). All of the patients provided serum at 15–20 weeks of gestation. A total of 39 differentially expressed proteins were identified. Compared with group D, 24 proteins were upregulated and 15 were downregulated in the preterm group Y. Using Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment, the 24 upregulated proteins were significantly enriched in the complement and coagulation cascade pathways. Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes Furthermore (STRING) analysis showed that apolipoprotein A-II (apoA-II) and alpha-2-antiplasmin (α2-AP), two upregulated proteins, were key nodes in the STRING protein–protein network. Conclusions These findings suggest that apoA-II and α2-AP might be new markers for predicting preterm delivery in the midtrimester.
Effectiveness of a Calculation-Free Weight-Based Unfractionated Heparin Nomogram With Anti-Xa Level Monitoring Compared With Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time
Authors: Kindelin Nicole M. , Anthes Ananth M. , Providence Sarah M. , Zhao Xinhua , Aspinall Sherrie L. 
Published: September 2020

Background Accurate monitoring of intravenous unfractionated heparin (UFH) is essential to mitigate the risk of adverse drug events associated with dosing errors. Although recent data support anti-factor Xa (anti-Xa) monitoring preferentially over activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) to improve time to therapeutic anticoagulation, the utility of incorporating anti-Xa monitoring with a calculation-free weight-based UFH nomogram has not been formally evaluated. Objective The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the time to therapeutic anticoagulation of a calculation-free weight-based UFH nomogram integrated with anti-Xa monitoring versus a historical control of aPTT monitoring utilizing manual dose calculations. Methods This was a retrospective analysis of patients with anti-Xa monitoring and a novel calculation-free weight-based UFH nomogram compared with a historical control with aPTT monitoring and manual calculations. Results A total of 103 patients in the aPTT cohort and 100 patients in the anti-Xa cohort were analyzed. The anti-Xa cohort achieved goal therapeutic target 3.8 hours sooner than the aPTT cohort ( P = 0.03). Patients with anti-Xa monitoring required 1 fewer adjustment per 2.5 patient-days of UFH with the venous thromboembolism nomogram ( P = 0.02). Patients in the aPTT cohort required more infusion interruptions because of supratherapeutic values ( P = 0.007) and boluses because of subtherapeutic values ( P = 0.044). There were no differences in rates of thromboembolism, major bleeding, or clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding between the cohorts. Conclusion and Relevance This study demonstrated that anti-Xa UFH monitoring integrated with a calculation-free nomogram results in faster time to therapeutic anticoagulation and fewer dose adjustments compared with aPTT monitoring with manual calculations.
Management of an ophthalmology department during COVID-19 pandemic in Milan, Italy
Authors: Legrottaglie Emanuela Filomena , Balia Laura , Camesasca Fabrizio Ivo , Vallejo-Garcia Jose Luis , Fossati Giovanni , Vinciguerra Riccardo , Rosetta Pietro , Vinciguerra Paolo 
Published: September 2020

Purpose: Spreading from China, COVID-19 pandemic reached Italy, the first massively involved western nation. At the beginning of March, 2020 in Northern Italy a complete lockdown of activities was imposed. Access to all healthcare providers, was halted for patients with elective problems. We present the management experience of the Humanitas Clinical and Research Center Ophthalmology Department in Rozzano, Milan, Italy, during the lockdown. Methods: Containment measures were taken to reduce viral transmission and identify infected patients. All planned visits were canceled but for those not deferrable. Social distancing was introduced reducing number of visits per hour. Minor surgery for progressive pathologies was continued. As the lockdown prolonged, we reorganized patient care. All canceled cases were evaluated by electronic medical records analysis and telephonic triage, to identify, recall, and visit patients at risk of vision loss. Results: From March 9, to April 30, 2020 we performed a total of 930 visits and 612 exams. Some visits ( n = 698) and exams ( n = 160) were deemed as necessary for continuity of care and performed as planned. Among the remaining 1283 canceled appointments, after evaluation 144 visits and 32 instrumental exams were classified as urgent and rapidly rescheduled. Performed surgical activities were limited to corneal collagen cross linking ( n = 39) and intravitreal injections ( n = 91), compared to 34 and 94, respectively, in the same period of 2019. Conclusion: In-office activities deemed not deferrable were performed safely. The recall service was highly appreciated by all patients. No patient or staff member reported symptoms of COVID-19.
Image Fusion During Standard and Complex Endovascular Aortic Repair, to Fuse or Not to Fuse? A Meta-analysis and Additional Data From a Single-Center Retrospective Cohort
Authors: Doelare Sabrina A. N. , Smorenburg Stefan P. M. , van Schaik Theodorus G. , Blankensteijn Jan D. , Wisselink Willem , Nederhoed Johanna H. , Lely Rutger J. , Hoksbergen Arjan W. J. , Yeung Kak Khee 
Published: September 2020

Purpose: To determine if image fusion will reduce contrast volume, radiation dose, and fluoroscopy and procedure times in standard and complex (fenestrated/branched) endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR). Materials and Methods: A search of the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases was performed in December 2019 to identify articles describing results of standard and complex EVAR procedures using image fusion compared with a control group. Study selection, data extraction, and assessment of the methodological quality of the included publications were performed by 2 reviewers working independently. Primary outcomes of the pooled analysis were contrast volume, fluoroscopy time, radiation dose, and procedure time. Eleven articles were identified comprising 1547 patients. Data on 140 patients satisfying the study inclusion criteria were added from the authors’ center. Mean differences (MDs) are presented with the 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: For standard EVAR, contrast volume and procedure time showed a significant reduction with an MD of −29 mL (95% CI −40.5 to −18.5, p<0.001) and −11 minutes (95% CI −21.0 to −1.8, p<0.01), respectively. For complex EVAR, significant reductions in favor of image fusion were found for contrast volume (MD −79 mL, 95% CI −105.7 to −52.4, p<0.001), fluoroscopy time (MD −14 minutes, 95% CI −24.2 to −3.5, p<0.001), and procedure time (MD −52 minutes, 95% CI −75.7 to −27.9, p<0.001). Conclusion: The results of this meta-analysis confirm that image fusion significantly reduces contrast volume, fluoroscopy time, and procedure time in complex EVAR but only contrast volume and procedure time for standard EVAR. Though a reduction was suggested, the radiation dose was not significantly affected by the use of fusion imaging in either standard or complex EVAR.
A Reliable Tool for Assessing MCI and Dementia: Validation Study of DemTect for Turkish Population
Authors: Aycicek Gozde Sengul , Çalıskan Hatice , Ozsurekci Cemile , Unsal Pelin , Kessler Josef , Kalbe E. , Esme Mert , Dogrul Rana Tuna , Balcı Cafer , Seven Umran , Karabulut Erdem , Halil Meltem , Cankurtaran Mustafa , Yavuz Burcu Balam 
Published: September 2020

Background and Aim: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia prevalence are expected to increase with aging. The DemTect is a very quick and easy tool to administer and recognize the early stages of dementia and MCI. In this study we aimed to evaluate the reliability and validity of a Turkish version of the DemTect and define cut off values for different age and educational levels. One of our aims is also to compare the sensitivity and specifity of the DemTect to other common screening tools. Patients and Methods: Fifty-four patients with MCI, 55 patients with dementia and 91 patients with subjective memory complaints (SMC) were enrolled in the study. The DemTect was translated into Turkish by forward-backward translation and compared with the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Quick Mild Cognitive Impairment Turkish version (QMCI-TR) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). In order to test interrater reliability, the DemTect was administered to 11 patients, on the same day, by 2 trained raters. To establish test–retest reliability, the same rater scored the tool a second time on 11 patients within 2 weeks. Results: The median age of the patients was 73 (min-max: 65–90) years, 54.5% were female. We found a strong correlation between DemTect scores and the MMSE, the QMCI, and the MoCA (r = 0.725, r = 0.816, r = 0.821, respectively; p < 0.001). In ROC analysis, the cut-off point of the DemTect to differentiate MCI from SMC was 11.5 with 92.6% sensitivity, 91.2% specificity, AUC 0.973 and the cut-off point of the DemTect to differentiate dementia from SMC was 9.5 with 96.4% sensitivity, 100% specificity, AUC 0.916. Cronbach α was 0.823. Intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.873 (95% CI: 0.598–0.964) for interrater reliability and 0.966 (95% 0.777–0.982) for test-retest reliability (Cronbach α = 0.932, 0.966 respectively). Conclusion: The DemTect is a very reliable tool to assess Turkish patients with MCI and dementia.