bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Podoplanin-mediated platelet activation promotes proliferation and invasion of colon cancer cells
Authors: Qian Weihua , Zhang Yonghua , Pan Yingying , Tao Min 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Recent studies have shown that podoplanin is highly expressed in many tumors, suggesting that podoplanin may be related to the invasion and metastasis of malignant tumors. A potential mechanism by which podoplanin promote tumor invasion and metastasis is podoplanin-mediated platelet aggregation and activation.Methods: The expression of podoplanin in colon cancer LOVO cell line and lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549 was detected by immunoblotting. The above cells were co-cultured with washed mouse platelets. The platelet aggregation meter was used to determine the platelet aggregation rate and observe the cell morphology. Immunofluorescence staining and immunoblotting were used to detect the expression of EMT-related factors and the phosphorylation level of Smad2/3 downstream of the TGF-β signal; and then the matrigel-coated transwell chamber invasion test was used to evaluate the invasion ability of tumor cells. Lentiviruses targeting human podoplanin shRNA were constructed to infect colon cancer LOVO cells to generate cell lines with stable podoplanin knockdown, and the above experiments were repeated. Results: The colon cancer LOVO cell line with positive podoplanin expression had platelet aggregation activity, and the platelet aggregation activity of colon cancer LOVO cell line disappeared when anti-podoplanin monoclonal antibody MS-140 was added. However, no podoplanin expression and platelet aggregation activity were detected in lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549. When colon cancer LOVO cell-platelet reactant supernatant was added to colon cancer LOVO cell culture, the morphology of colon cancer LOVO cells showed EMT characteristics. Immunoblot showed that E-cadherin was down-regulated in colon cancer LOVO cells, while Vimentin And N-cadherin expression are upregulated. However, in lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells, there were no changes in EMT morphology and EMT factors. Immunoblot and ELISA showed that colon cancer LOVO cells with positive expression of podoplanin released TGF-β after aggregating with platelets, activated the TGF-β/Smad2/3 signaling pathway, and induced EMT and increased invasiveness of colon cancer LOVO cells. Treating colon cancer LOVO cells with TGF-β antibodies and TGF-β receptor inhibitors, or using LOVO cell lines with podoplanin knockdown, and repeating the above experiments suggest that platelet aggregation activity disappears and tumor cells EMT are eliminated, and The ability to invade is reduced. Conclusions: Podoplanin-mediated platelet activation plays an important role in colon cancer invasion and metastasis; its possible mechanism is that colon cancer LOVO cells with positive podoplanin expression react with platelets, activate platelets to release TGF-β, and activate TGF-β / Smad2 / 3 Signaling pathway induces EMT in colon cancer LOVO cells and enhances tumor cell proliferation and invasiveness.
Repurposing inhibitors for SARS-CoV2 main protease
Authors: Sharp Kumar 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
SARS-CoV2 main protease is important for viral replication and one of the most potential targets for drug development in this current pandemic. Drug repurposing is a promising field to provide potential short-term acceptable therapy for management of coronavirus till a specific anti-viral for coronavirus is developed. In-silico drug repurposing screening is the current fastest way to repurpose drugs by targeting active sites in fraction of seconds. In this study, SARS-CoV2 main protease is being targeted by 1050 FDA-approved drugs to inhibit its activity thereby interfering with viral replication. Chemotherapeutic drugs and anti-retroviral drugs have shown potential binding as inhibitor. In-vitro and clinical trials required to establish final fact.
The Determination of Correlation Between Stature and Foot Dimensions in Iranian Population
Authors: Moshkdanian Ghazaleh , Shahreza Parvaneh Behi , Rafiyan Mahdi , Mokhtari Tahmineh , Abolhasannejad Vahideh , Mianehsaz Elahe 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Estimation of stature from measurements of different human parts is significantly considered in forensic medicine to identity unknown individuals. Since stature data is dependent on different causes such as age, race, genetics, geographical location and climate condition so it is needed to find a relationship among different people. This study was carried out to evaluate stature from foot parameters in Najafabad, a city in Iran.Method: A total number of 206 volunteer adults comprising 106 males and 100 females between the ages of 19 - 38 were recruited for the study and measurements of stature, foot length, foot width, medial arch height, lateral malleolus height, medial malleolus height, and navicular height were recorded.Results: Linear regression models were used to estimate stature. The results indicated a positive correlation between stature and foot measurements. Among all parameters, left foot length and right foot width showed the most (r=0.819) and the least (r=0.551) relationship with stature, respectively.Conclusion: A strong correlation between stature and all foot dimensions were found.
MicroRNA-154 Expression is Associated With The Prognosis in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.
Authors: Zhao Yue , Kong Xiangjun , Wang Hongbing 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: MicroRNAs are noncoding RNAs that regulate cellular processes during the progression of tumors. Among various microRNAs, MicroRNA-154 (miR-154) has been reported to be involved in many critical processes of human malignancies. This study aimed to evaluate the significance and prognostic value of miR-154 in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Methods: A total of 144 NSCLC tissues samples and matched non-tumor adjacent tissues specimens were obtained from NSCLC patients and the quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed to investigate expression levels of miR-154. The correlation between miR-154 expression and survival outcomes of NSCLC patients was performed by Kaplan-Meier analysis, univariate and multivariate analysis.Results: MiR-154 expression was significantly decreased in NSCLC tissues compared with that in matched non-tumor adjacent tissues (P<0.001). In addition, low expression of miR-154 was demonstrated to be associated with tumors size, TNM stages and distant metastasis of NSCLC patients Survival analysis revealed that patients with low expression of miR-154 showed significantly lower survival rate for OS, DFS and RFS, respectively (all, log rank test, P<0.001) and miR-154 could be an independent prognostic indicator for NSCLC patients.Conclusion: The results suggest that miR-154 has the clinical significance in the progression of NSCLC and could be a potential prognostic biomarker for NSCLC patients.
Concurrent removal of nitrate, fluoride and arsenic by mixed hydrous bismuth oxide from water
Authors: Ranjan Manish , Singh Prabhat Kumar 
Published: July 2020

AbstractClean and safe drinking water for all is an essential requirement for the world in which we want to live, but a majority of the population has been dependent on groundwater for its daily needs. Toxic contamination of such water could result in large-scale health effects. A great proportion of groundwater suffers from the problems of nitrate, fluoride, and arsenic contamination. Thus, the present research was aimed to remove these contaminants from the water. Hydrous bismuth oxide based adsorbents exhibited high adsorption capacities towards nitrate, fluoride and arsenic. However, As (V) removal was found to be more effective as compared to nitrate and fluoride. The removal efficiencies are 52, 72 and 92% for nitrate, fluoride and As (V), respectively, during concurrent removal of the same. Ion exchange with chloride ions was the probable mechanism for the concurrent removal of the above three anions from water. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used for the characterization of HBO12mix adsorbents. The results of the present study indicated that HBO12mix has the potential for concurrent removal of nitrate, fluoride, and As (V) from groundwater. Hence, hydrous bismuth oxide can be used in the drinking water treatment process at a domestic level.
Agent-based modelling of pedestrian responses during flood emergency: mobility behavioural rules and implications for flood risk analysis
Authors: Shirvani Mohammad , Kesserwani Georges , Richmond Paul 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAn agent-based model (ABM) for simulating the interactions between flooding and pedestrians is augmented to more realistic model responses of evacuees during floodwater flow. In this version of the ABM, the crowd of pedestrians have different body heights and weight, and extra behavioural rules are added to incorporate pedestrians’ states of stability and walking speed in floodwater. The augmented ABM is applied to replicate an evacuation scenario for a synthetic test case of a flooded shopping centre. Simulation runs are performed with increasingly sophisticated configuration modes for the pedestrians’ behavioural rules. Simulation results are analysed based on spatial and temporal indicators informing on the dynamic variations of the flood risk states of the flooded pedestrians, i.e. in terms of a commonly used flood Hazard Rating (HR) metric, variable walking speed, and instability due to toppling and/or sliding. Our analysis reveals significantly prolonged evacuation times and risk exposure levels as the stability and walking speed behavioural rules become more sophisticated. Also, it allows us to identify more conservative HR thresholds of pedestrian instability in floodwater, and a new formula relating walking speed states to the HR for stable pedestrians in floodwater. Accompanying details for software accessibility are provided.
Assessment of wastewater treatment plant effluent impact on the ecosystem of the river on the basis of the quantitative development of ciliated protozoa characteristic of the aeration tank
Authors: Babko R. , Pliashechnyk V. , Kuzmina T. , Danko Y. , Szulżyk-Cieplak J. , Łagód G. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The work is devoted to the task of simplifying the assessment of the effect of effluents from treatment facilities on the river hydrobiocenosis. The studies were carried out on the mountain river Uzh (Uzhgorod, Ukraine). Our approach to assessing the impact of waste treatment facilities on the river receiver is based on the estimate of the similarity of species composition and quantitative characteristics of populations of organisms from the aerotank and from the river. It is shown that the quantitative development of populations of species of ciliates from the aeration tank is a good indicator for assessing the degradation of organic matter coming with wastewater. The use of qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the protozoa from the wastewater treatment plant as a criterion for assessing the quality of the environment in the area of wastewater discharge showed their representativeness and effectiveness. The use of a limited number of species makes it possible to conduct an express assessment of the effect of effluents on receiving reservoirs for specialists working with activated sludge in the laboratories of treatment facilities.
Achieving enhanced biological nitrogen removal via 2450 MHz electromagnetic wave loading on returned sludge in anaerobic-anoxic-oxic process
Authors: Sang Wenjiao , Li Dong , Zhang Qian , Mei Longjie , Hao Shiwen , Feng Yijie , Jin Xi , Li Cuihua , Feng Yangyang , Singh Rajendra Prasad 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
To evaluate the enhancing of the biological nitrogen removal effectiveness by electromagnetic wave loading on returned sludge in the A/A/O reactor, some experiments were completed with the returned sludge loaded by 2,450 MHz electromagnetic wave. The excess sludge yield and pollutant removal effect of the system were evaluated. Results showed that stronger denitrification effect and less sludge yield were achieved. When 30% of the returned sludge was loaded by electromagnetic wave, the actual denitrification efficiency increased by 7% without dosage. The dissolution of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus from loaded returned sludge was detected, thus providing the system with a supplemental carbon source of 4.6 g/d SCOD. The specific oxygen uptake rate of the oxic activated sludge increased by 14%, and the denitrification rate of the anoxic activated sludge increased by 29%. Illumina MiSeq analysis showed that the microbial richness increased obviously, and denitrifying bacteria (i.e. Dechloromonas, Zoogloea and Azospira, etc.) were accumulated.
Volume reduction and water reclamation of reverse osmosis concentrate from coal chemical industry by forward osmosis with an osmotic backwash strategy
Authors: Lu Jiandong , Wang Xiuheng 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Coal chemical industry (CCI) generally utilizes reverse osmosis (RO) for water reclamation, which generates a highly concentrated stream containing refractory organic substances and high-concentration total dissolved solids (TDS). To address this issue, the present work focuses on volume reduction of RO concentrate (ROC) produced from CCI by forward osmosis (FO). We investigated the effects of membrane orientation and draw solution (DS) concentration on FO performance. Foulant removal was tested by using chemical cleaning, physical cleaning and osmotic backwash (OB). AL-FS (active layer facing feed solution) mode outcompeted AL-DS (active layer facing draw solution) mode, achieving a flux of 26.4 LMH, 92.5% water reclamation and energy consumption of 0.050 kWh·m−3 with 4 M NaCl as DS. The FO process was able to reject &gt;98% SO42−, Mg2+and Ca2+, 92–98% Si and 33–55% total organic carbon (TOC). Ten-cycle (10 × 20 h) accelerated fouling test demonstrated approximately 30% flux decline in association with Si-containing foulants, which could be removed almost completely through OB with 97.1% flux recovery. This study provides a proof-of-concept demonstration of FO for volume reduction and water reclamation of ROC produced from CCI, making the treatment of ROC more efficient and more energy effective.
Mechanism of the Intestinal Absorption of Six Flavonoids from Zizyphi Spinosi Semen Across Caco-2 Cell Monolayer Model
Authors: Song Panpan , Xiao Sa , Zhang Yanqing , Xie Junbo , Cui Xusheng 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Flavonoid compounds are one kind of active ingredients isolated from a traditional Chinese
herb Zizyphi spinosae semen (ZSS). Studies have shown that ZSS flavonoids have significant antioxidant effects.

Methods:
In this study, the Caco-2 cell monolayer model was constructed to investigate the intestinal absorption
characteristics and mechanism of Isovitexin (IV), Swertisin (ST), Isovitexin-2''-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (IVG),
Spinosin (S), 6'''-p-coumaroylspinosin (6-CS) and 6'''-feruloylspinosin (6-FS).

Results:
The results of the bidirectional transport assay showed that the six flavonoids have good intestinal
absorption in a near-neutral and 37°C environment, and the absorbability in descending order was 6-FS>6-
CS>IVG>S>IV>ST. The results of carrier inhibition experiments and transport kinetics indicated that the absorption
mechanism of six flavonoids was energy-dependent monocarboxylate transporter (MCT)-mediated active transport.
In particular, the para-cellular pathway also participated in the transport of IV, ST, IVG and S. Furthermore, the
efflux process of six flavonoids was mediated by P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and multidrug resistance protein (MRP),
which may result in a decrease of bioavailability.

Conclusion:
Our findings provide significant information for revealing the relationship between the intestinal
absorption mechanism of flavonoids and its structure as well as laying a basis for the research of flavonoid
preparations.
Altered Expression of microRNAs in Serum Extracellular Vesicles in Rats with Severe Burns during Shock Stage
Authors: Dong Mengru , Gao Yanbin , Li Minxiong , Yang Lei 
Published: July 2020

Background:
The shock stage of severe burns is a critical determinant of
prognosis and the induction of systemic inflammatory response syndrome and multiple
organ failure. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) containing abundant miRNAs are known to
participate in various biological processes. Due to the lack of research on alternations of
miRNAs in severe burns, our study analyzed the miRNA profiles of EVs in severe burns
during the shock stage.

Methods:
EVs were extracted from the serum of rats with severe burns (30% of total
body surface area, III°), and the expression of miRNAs in serum EVs was determined by
next-generation sequencing. Functional analysis of target genes of miRNAs that were
significantly differentially expressed (DE) was performed using GO Ontology (GO) and
Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG).

Results:
Thirty-four DE miRNAs were identified at the early stage of severe burn shock
and 63 at the late stage of severe burn shock. In addition, miRNA-339-5p, miRNA-1,
miRNA-382-5p, miRNA134-5p, miRNA-133a-5p, and miRNA-365a-5p were DE
throughout the entire shock stage, based on P <0.01 and |log2 (foldchange)| ≥ 1 criteria.
GO and KEGG analysis revealed that the target genes of DE miRNAs mainly enriched
the metabolic process, immune system processes, and signal pathways.

Conclusion:
To our best knowledge, this is the first study demonstrating the miRNA
expression profiles of EVs isolated from serum with severe burns during the shock
stage. There are significant differences between downregulation and upregulation. Thus,
miRNAs have the potential for novel biomarkers for the complication of severe burns.
Deranged Fractional Excretion of Magnesium and Serum Magnesium Levels in Relation to Retrograde Glycaemic Regulation in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Esmeralda Corvera A.C. , David Pedroza E. , Maldonado Irais C. , Ibrahim Sharara Núñez A. , David Alcántar S. , Escorza Martha A.Q. , Dealmy Delgadillo G. 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) has been associated with deficiencies in serum magnesium
level, decreasing insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism. Glycosylated hemoglobin (Hb1Ac)
is a biomarker of glucose values within the half-life of the erythrocyte, that is, 3 months. Low circulating
and intracellular magnesium levels can modify glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity. Renal
solute management is a parameter little used to estimate circulating and excreted concentrations of elements
such as magnesium.

Objective:
The purpose of this study was to assess and associated fractional excretion of magnesium
(FEMg) and serum magnesium with metabolic parameters, especially Hb1Ac percent, in a group of well
characterized subjects with T2DM and non-diabetics subjects (ND).

Methods:
According to Hb1Ac, two groups were compared and associated with existing biochemical
parameters, included Hb1Ac, fasting glucose, lipid profile, serum creatinine, serum magnesium and urinary
creatinine for FEMg.

Results:
HbA1c levels were explained by serum magnesium in 25%. Serum magnesium levels in the
ND group were higher than in the T2DM group and this was a statistically significant difference. Serum
magnesium ≤1.8 is a risk factor (OD 16.1; P=0.021) for an HbA1c ≥ 6.5%.

Conclusion:
In this study, hypomagnesemia was a parameter strongly associated with the diagnosis and
progression of T2DM, while FEMg showed no significant association.
Current Evidence on the Effect of Dietary Polyphenols Intake on Brain Health
Authors: D'Angelo Stefania 
Published: July 2020

Background:
In recent years, the possibility of favorably influencing the cognitive capacity
through the promotion of lifestyle modifications has been increasingly investigated. In particular,
the relationship between nutritional habits and brain health has attracted special attention. Polyphenols
are secondary metabolites of plants. These phytochemicals are present in vegetables, fruits, legumes,
olive oil, nuts. They include several antioxidant compounds and are generally considered to be
involved in defense against chronic human diseases. In recent years, there has been a growing scientific
interest in their potential health benefits to the brain.

Objective:
In this mini-review, we focus on the current evidence defining the position of polyphenols
dietary intake in the prevention/slowdown of human neurodegenerative diseases.

Methods:
A literature research was performed using the keywords “polyphenols”, “brain”, “nutrition”,
individually or all together, focusing on human trials.

Results:
The available clinical studies on the effect of polyphenols on cognitive functions are quite
convincing. Regular dietary intake of polyphenols would seem to reduce the risk of neurodegenerative
diseases. Moreover, beyond their beneficial power on the central nervous system, these phytochemicals
seem also to be able to work on numerous cellular targets. They show different biological
actions, that however, have to be confirmed in long-term randomized clinical trials. Currently, most
data propose that a combination of phytonutrients instead of any single polyphenol is responsible for
health benefits.

Conclusions:
Evolving indications suggest that dietary polyphenols may exercise beneficial actions
on the central nervous system, thus representing a possible tool to preserve cognitive performance.
Key questions to improve the coherence and reproducibility in the development of polyphenols as a
possible future therapeutic drug require a better understanding of the sources of polyphenols, their
treatment and more standardized tests including bioavailability of bioactive metabolites and studies
of permeability of the brain.
Identification and Investigation of Chalcone Derivatives as Calcium Channel Blockers: Pharmacophore Modeling, Docking Studies, In vitro Screening, and 3D-QSAR Analysis
Authors: Sherikar Amol S. , Bhatia Manish S. , Dhavale Rakesh P. 
Published: July 2020

Background:
The chalcones were reported to have many biological activities by showing
affinity towards many enzymatic targets. The effect of nitric oxide (NO) on calcium channel was
extensively studied in different animals; the study was also carried out for NO donor drug and its
effect on calcium channel. Till date, the inhibition of calcium channel is of prime importance in the
medicinal chemistry to discover newer vascular smooth muscle relaxant drugs.

Objective:
The main objective of this work is to carry out in silico and in vitro evaluation of NO
donor chalcones for calcium channel blocking potency.

Methods:
The present work includes in silico evaluation of chalcone derivatives for calcium channel
blocking potency. The promising scaffolds were identified after pharmacophore modeling and docking
study. The in vitro screening of 21 lead molecules for calcium channel blocking potency was carried out
on pulmonary veins of adult goat, IC50 values were determined and 3D QSAR was performed.

Result:
The pharmacophore modeling revealed that hydrogen bond donor, hydrogen bond acceptor,
and hydrophobic groups are important features for calcium channel blocking activity. The
docking study revealed the existence of hydrophobic, hydrogen bond and Vander wall's interactions
between amino acid residues and ligands. The in vitro screening showed that the compounds AI6,
Ca2, and D8 were potent, produced 4.756, 3.608 and 5.211 μM of IC50 respectively, whereas the
standard Nifedipine showed the potency of 1.304 μM of IC50. The 3D QSAR study explained the
importance of different steric and electrostatic parameters and their correlation for L type calcium
channel blocking activity.

Conclusion:
This study showed that the chalcone scaffold with NO donor capacity is promising for designing novel
calcium channel blockers to treat vascular disorders.