bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Primeiros socorros para professores em âmbito escolar: Revisão integrativa
Authors: De Faria Wiviany Alessandra , De Faria Nogueira Bárbara Fernanda , Silva Marla Ariana , Consolação dos Santos Regina , Paulino Pena Heber 
Published: August 2020

Objetivo: Evidenciar a importância de primeiros socorros nas escolas. Método: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa, que utilizou como base de dados a Biblioteca virtual (BVS), PubMed e Google acadêmico. A busca na base de dados foi realizada no perí­odo de fevereiro de 2020 a maio de 2020. A ferramenta PICO foi utilizada como estratégia de busca dos artigos. Resultados: Foram encontrados 485 artigos, e feita í seleção de 58 deles inicialmente. Após os critérios de exclusão, obteve-se como amostra final 09 artigos, agrupados de acordo com o autor, ano de publicação, tí­tulo, objetivo, tipo de estudo e resultados. Conclusão: O estudo possibilitou a conclusão que os educadores escolares demonstram ser leigos em relação ao atendimento inicial de primeiros socorros com isso ressalta a importância de treinamentos periódicos a estes profissionais para trazer mais segurança no âmbito escolar e redução da taxa de morbimortalidade no nosso paí­s.
Manipulacion De La Imagen Digital En Medicina. Conceptos Basicos Para Médicos.
Authors: Reyna Rolando 
Published: August 2020

<p><strong>[Manipulation Of The Digital Image In Medicine. Basics Concepts For Doctors]</strong></p><p> </p><div><br />Resumen<br />Las imágenes digitales en medicina son importantes hoy en día por su uso en diferentes campos. La manipulación de imágenes juega un importante rol en las presentaciones.</div><div>Las funciones más importantes para obtener imágenes son el tamaño, resolución y color. Resoluciones de 300 ppp y 72 ppp deben ser usadas para publicaciones y presentaciones por computadoras, respectivamente. La imagen debe ser salvada en formato TIFF la cual es un tipo de archivo que no comprime imágenes.</div><div>El formato JPG comprime el tamaño de la imagen pero reduce su calidad. El formato JPG es una buena opción si se necesita, como en Internet o una presentación de PowerPoint.</div><div> </div><div> </div><div>Abstract<br />The digital images in medicine are very important today in different fields. Digital manipulation of images plays a key role in development of multimedia presentations.</div><div>The most important functions for properly scanning images are size, resolution, and color. Resolutions of 300 ppi and 72 ppi should be used for print publication and computer presentations, respectively. The scanned image should be saved as a TIFF, which is an uncompressed file. The Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) format compresses the size of the image file but also reduces image quality.</div><div>The JPEG format is a good choice if a small file size is needed, such as in Web and PowerPoint presentations.</div>
Different Fates of Young Star Clusters after Gas Expulsion
Authors: Pang Xiaoying , Li Yuqian , Tang Shih-Yun , Pasquato Mario , Kouwenhoven M. B. N. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
We identify structures of the young star cluster NGC 2232 in the solar neighborhood (323.0 pc) and a newly discovered star cluster, LP 2439 (289.1 pc). Member candidates are identified using the Gaia DR2 sky position, parallax, and proper-motion data by an unsupervised machine-learning method, StarGO. Member contamination from the Galactic disk is further removed using the color–magnitude diagram. The four identified groups (NGC 2232, LP 2439, and two filamentary structures) of stars are coeval with an age of 25 Myr and were likely formed in the same giant molecular cloud. We correct the distance asymmetry from the parallax error with a Bayesian method. The 3D morphology shows the two spherical distributions of clusters NGC 2232 and LP 2439. Two filamentary structures are spatially and kinematically connected to NGC 2232. Both NGC 2232 and LP 2439 are expanding. The expansion is more significant in LP 2439, generating a loose spatial distribution with shallow volume number and mass density profiles. The expansion is suggested to be mainly driven by gas expulsion. With 73% of the cluster mass bound, NGC 2232 is currently experiencing a process of revirialization, However, LP 2439, with 52% of the cluster mass unbound, may fully dissolve in the near future. The different survivability traces the different dynamical states of NGC 2232 and LP 2439 prior to the onset of gas expulsion. While NGC 2232 may have been substructured and subvirial, LP 2439 may have either been virial/supervirial or experienced a much faster rate of gas removal.
Réseaux et lieux de pouvoir au très haut Moyen Âge. Les lettres face à l’archéologie
Authors: Bayard Adrien 
Published: August 2020

L’étude des lieux et des réseaux de pouvoir au très haut Moyen Âge a beaucoup à gagner d’une confrontation entre les éléments présents dans les corpus épistolaires et les données des fouilles. La localisation des sites élitaires, leur structure interne et leur capacité à organiser l’espace environnant fait en effet l’objet d’un discours comparable. Protection, production et culture de l’ otium se perpétuent dans le cadre d’une rhétorique semblable, que l’on considère les vestiges architecturaux ou les pièces contenues dans les collections gauloises des v e et vi e siècles, et notamment dans la riche correspondance de Sidoine Apollinaire. Même si la comparaison ne saurait être menée de façon trop systématique, cette double documentation témoigne des modes de vie spécifiques aux élites sociales et indique une forte valorisation des espaces de domination ; dans les deux cas, elle offre des éclairages sur les centres autour desquels s’articulent les réseaux de pouvoir.
Magnetic resonance image-guided focused ultrasound robotic system with four computer-controlled axes with endorectal access designed for prostate cancer focal therapy
Authors: Giannakou Marinos , Menikou Georgios , Ioannides Kleanthis , Damianou Christakis 
Published: August 2020

Background:
A magnetic resonance image (MRI)-guided robotic system dedicated for prostate cancer (PC) was produced that carries a small spherically focused, single-element, ultrasonic transducer which can be potentially utilized endorectally.

Materials and Methods:
The developed robotic device utilizes four computer-controlled axes. An agar-based phantom was developed, which included a cavity that mimics the rectum geometry. Experiments with the system were performed in a 1.5T MRI system using the gel phantom. The transducer has a diameter of 18 mm, operates with 3 MHz, and focuses energy at 40 mm.

Results:
The functionality of the robot was assessed by means of magnetic resonance thermometry, demonstrating sufficient heating in both axes of operation (linear and angular).

Conclusions:
A functional MRI-guided robotic system was produced, which can create significant and controlled thermal exposures. The intention is to use the proposed device endorectally in the future for the focal treatment of PC.
Pergeseran Sentral Geopolitik Internasional, dari Heartland ke Asia Pasifik, Apa Geopolitic Leverage Indonesia ?
Authors: Zulkarnain Zulkarnain , Saragih Hendra Maujana , Rambe Safrizal , Hendrajit Hendrajit - 
Published: August 2020

<p>Indonesia has strategic geopolitics in global interaction, besides its position between two oceans and two continents which is an opportunity for how big a role that can be played on the international stage, also has a variety of natural resources. But this nation is not able to "manage" appropriately and well the location of the "strategic" position and wealth of natural resources that it has. Maybe only in the Bung Karno era, Indonesia was able to manage its geopolitics</p><p> </p><strong><em>Key words</em></strong><em>: Geopolitics, Geopolitical Constellation, Indonesian Geopolitics, Threats</em>
ANALISIS LEGAL-SOSIAL TERHADAP KONDISI KESETARAAN DAN KEADILAN GENDER DALAM MENDUKUNG PEMBANGUNAN BERKELANJUTAN INDONESIA
Authors: Kusumawardhana Indra - 
Published: August 2020

<p>Undeniably the issue of gender has become a very important issue globally. This urgency surfaced with the inclusion of gender issues as one of the main goals of the transformation of the global collective step, namely Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in 2015, which became a clear evidence of the growing concern of the world community regarding gender equality and polemics (un.org). However, gender equality and justice polemics remain a task far from over for Indonesia, especially when referring to the fact that the role of women in Indonesia still shows various inequalities in their correlation with development holistically. This condition is inseparable from the fact that until now Indonesia does not have a law that comprehensively accommodates the protection of women's rights from forms of discrimination against women, and violations of women's human rights in Indonesia's development. In this context, this study is woven within the framework of the urgency of gender equality and justice in Indonesia's development which demands laws that can become a comprehensive legal umbrella for the implementation of gender equality and justice. Using the approach of the social system, gender, and various concepts available in understanding women and development; and using qualitative methodologies in analyzing problems. This study will carry out a social-legal analysis of the implementation of gender equality and justice in order to explain a condition that ultimately shows the urgency of the Gender Equality and Justice Act as a basis for consolidating all elements of society in Indonesia's development today and in the future.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> Legal-Social Analysis, Gender Equality and Justice, Sustainable Development</p>
Dimensi Penanganan dalam Kasus Pengungsi Internasional; Teori dan Praktik
Authors: Yani Yanyan M , Zulkarnain Zulkarnain 
Published: August 2020

<p>Dealing with international refugees is actually a responsibility of the State and the global social community. It does not depend on whether the country concerned has ratified the 1951 refugee or not. Why, because the issue of international refugees is a matter of humanitarian universalism, including human rights. Therefore there is no fundamental reason for the State to ignore it. Isn't the state as well as a political unit that lives, grows and develops as a living creature. International refugees should be seen as an international system organ that contributes to the maturation of the State. Humanity values cannot be separated from the dimensions of State management. Emmanuel Kant said that human beings in essence have a behavior that respects and cares for each other. This kind of behavior makes a person called a human being. Likewise, the State, the State is an instrument managed by a number of people and of course based on common sense. For this reason, the action of handling refugees is something that is based on common sense. Treatment options may be chosen based on rules that are in accordance with international refugee law, however, they are not limited in nature, but may also be based on creativity in accordance with what develops in the field. The important thing is not contrary to the humanity's point of view.</p><p> </p><p>Keywords: Handling of Refugees, International Refugees, Protection, Humanity.</p>
MELINDUNGI SUMBER DAYA GENETIK DAN PENGETAHUAN TRADISIONAL DENGAN HAK PATEN DAN HAK MEREK
Authors: Dewi Triayu Ratna , Putriyanti Erma Defiana 
Published: August 2020

<p align="center"><strong>ABSTRAK</strong></p><p>Melindungi pengetahuan tradisional menjadi isu penting di Indonesia, hal ini disebabkan karena ada keuntungan ekonomis yang dihasilkan dari pemanfaatan pengetahuan tradisional dan adanya sarana untuk melindungi hak masyarakat lokal. Sehubungan dengan keuntungan ekonomis yang dihasilkan dari pemanfaatan pengetahuan tradisional, Indonesia sebagai salah satu negara yang memiliki potensi sumber daya genetik dan pengetahuan tradisional ternyata belum mampu menikmati seutuhnya hasil pemanfaatan secara ekonopemanfaatan sumber daya tersebut secara ekonomi.</p><p>Oleh sebab itu penulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji bagaimana cara melindungi sumber daya genetic dan pengetahuan tradisional dengan hak paten dan hak merek. Tipe Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif analitis dengan metode yuridis normative dan menggunakan teknik pengolahan data secara kualitatif.</p><p>Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa melindungi sumber daya genetic dan pengetahuan tradisional dengan Hak Paten terlihat dalam Undang-undang nomor 13 tahun 2016 tentang Paten, khususnya Pasal 26 ayat (1), (2), dan (3) serta dalam Peraturan Menteri Hukum Dan HAM Republik Indonesia No. 38 Tahun 2018 tentang Permohonan Paten, khususnya Pasal 24 ayat (1), (2) dan (3). Peraturan tersebut menentukan bahwa jika invensi berkaitan dan/ atau berasal dari sumber daya genetic dan/ atau pengetahuan tradisional, harus disebutkan dengan jelas dan benar asal sumber daya genetic dan/ atau pengetahuan tradisional tersebut dalam deskripsi. Melindungi sumber daya genetic dan pengetahuan tradisional dengan Hak Merek juga terlihat dalam Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia Nomor 22 Tahun 2018 Tentang Pendaftaran Merek Internasional Berdasarkan Protocol Terkait dengan Persetujuan Madrid. Kebjiakan tersebut merupakan suatu upaya untuk melestarikan dan menjaga kelangsungan produk jamu lokal agar bisa setara dan mendapat kepercayaan dari konsumen internasional.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Kata Kunci : Melindungi, Sumber Daya Genetik dan Pengetahuan Tradisional, Hak Paten, Hak Merek</strong></p>
Warehouse Specification Proposition for Urbanis (Urban Farming Company) Using Discrete Event Simulation Method
Authors: Aqsa Ali , Wasesa Meditya 
Published: August 2020

Two percent of the world's surface use for cities, yet it consumes 75 percent of its resources. Urban farming is an emerging alternative food network that could supply some of the food needs in cities with less emission, healthier food, and the environment. Urbanis is a company that likes to contribute to the acceleration of urban farming, especially in Indonesia, by utilizing vacant land and labor. In 2021, Urbanis plans to scale up the production capacity to 10 tonnes per month or 400 kg per day. It requires us to have a warehouse to store the food product that has not been absorbed by the market. The purpose of this study is to find warehouse specifications for Urbanis and the amount of labor and rack inside the warehouse alongside capital and operational expenditure. This research uses a layout with an area of 5x14 meters for experimental design. The model then translated into a discrete-event simulation model named Anylogic. The results show, for each amount of arrival, the number of labor that utilizes effectively are two labors with a maximum number of rack 50. Given these results, the author conducted operational and capital expenditure, which consist of variable analysis and additional variables such as a table, fan, and chair. The result is Urbanis need Rp 50.738.000 for capital expenditure while Rp 10.871.337 for operational expenditure.
The World-System and the Earth System
Authors: Hornborg Alf 
Published: August 2020

Efforts to conceptualize the role of asymmetric resource transfers in the capitalist world-system have been constrained by the emphasis on surplus value and the labor theory of value in Marxist thought. A coherent theory of ecologically unequal exchange must focus on asymmetric flows of biophysical resources such as embodied labor, land, energy, and materials. To conceptualize these flows in terms of “underpaid costs” or “surplus value” is to suggest that the metabolism of the world-system can be accounted for using a monetary metric. This paper rejects both labor and energy theories of value in favor of the observation that market pricing tends to lead to asymmetric resource flows. The Marxist labor theory of value is an economic argument, rather than a physical one. In acknowledging this we may transcend the recent debate within ecological Marxism about whether “nature” and “society” are valid categories. Nature and society are ontologically entwined, as in the undertheorized phenomenon of modern technology, but should be kept analytically distinct. Since the Industrial Revolution, technological progress has been contingent on the societal ratios by which biophysical resources are exchanged on the world market. The failure among Marxist and world-system theorists to properly account for this central aspect of capitalist accumulation can be traced to the pervasive assumption that market commodities have objective values that may exceed their price. Instead of arguing with mainstream economists about whether market assessments of value are justified, it is more analytically robust to observe that market valuation is destroying the biosphere.
On a New Optimization Method With Constraints
Authors: RHANIZAR Bouchta x 
Published: August 2020

We consider the constrained optimization problem&nbsp; defined by:

$$f(x^*) = \min_{x \in&nbsp; X} f(x) \eqno (1)$$

where the function&nbsp; $f$ : $ \pmb{\mathbb{R}}^{n} \longrightarrow \pmb{\mathbb{R}}$ is convex&nbsp; on a closed convex set X.
In this work, we will give a new method to solve problem (1) without bringing it back to an unconstrained problem. We study the convergence of this new method and give numerical examples.
Comentários a “Martírio e Redenção” de Antonio Candido
Authors: Meneses Adélia Bezerra de 
Published: August 2020

Comento aqui, sucintamente, “Martírio e Redenção”, este texto comovente de Antonio Candido, encontrado datilografado, “assinado” à máquina de escrever, e com a data escrita manualmente, no seu talhe inconfundível: abril 2001.
L’enseignement de la littérature et de la langue dans les manuels de FLE des classes d’examens en Algérie
Authors: Benabbes Souad , Rachid Chibane 
Published: August 2020

Cette étude s’inscrit dans la lignée des travaux appréhendant la question de l’enseignement du FLE au moyen des textes littéraires en vue d’améliorer les compétences langagières et interculturelles des apprenants algériens inscrits dans des classes d’examen. Même si personne ne doutait de l’importance de la littérature dans l’apprentissage des langues étant un réservoir de connaissances linguistiques et culturelles, elle occupe aujourd’hui une place restreinte avec l’avènement de l’approche communicative. Cette dernière accorde tout son intérêt aux documents authentiques et privilégie des actes langagiers dans des situations communicatives réelles. Ceci dit, notre contribution examine l’usage et l’enjeu des textes littéraires dans les manuels destinés à l’enseignement de la langue française dans des classes d’examens en Algérie et répondra à la problématique suivante : les textes littéraires intégrés dans les manuels de FLE permettent-ils d’améliorer les compétences communicatives et linguistiques des élèves des classes d’examens ?
O sistema métrico decimal no Instituto Lauro Sodré (1899)
Authors: Corrêa Patrícia de Campos , Santos José Arimatéa Gouveia dos 
Published: August 2020

Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar a difusão do sistema métrico decimal no Instituto Lauro Sodré, criado em 1899, em Belém do Pará. Para isso, analisaremos os discursos dos governantes, o currículo e os espaços destinados ao ensino profissional de órfãos e pobres. Consideraremos currículo como artefato social e histórico em conformidade com Tomaz Tadeu da Silva (2013). A pesquisa mostrou que o Instituto foi criado sob os discursos de ensino profissional baseados nas ciências, como conhecimento aplicado à produção material. Na instituição, o sistema métrico decimal foi difundido por meio do currículo do ensino primário e do profissional, como conteúdo na cadeira Aritmética. O Instituto se diferenciava de outras escolas da Instrução Pública por apresentar espaços específicos para a aplicação do sistema métrico, como: museu agrícola industrial, laboratório de química, campos de experiências e oficinas como alfaiate, carpinteiro, serralheiro. Fez parte do cientificismo, da modernidade introduzida no Pará e coexistiu com outros sistemas de medidas utilizados pelos locais.
La mise en oeuvre du principe de consentement et ses contextes
Authors: Leydet Dominique 
Published: August 2020

L’objectif de l’article est de montrer comment les modalités de mise en oeuvre du principe de « consentement préalable, libre et éclairé » (CPLE) dépendent de la réalisation de certaines conditions d’arrière-plan, notamment de ce que le cadre réglementaire étatique favorise la capacité des nations autochtones d’agir en tant que partenaires à plein titre de leur développement. Là où leurs droits et compétences sur les territoires sont pleinement reconnus, la conception « juridictionnelle » du CPLE permet au mieux la concrétisation des droits des peuples autochtones à l’autodétermination et au développement. Mais là où cette condition n’est pas satisfaite, le CPLE doit être pensé de façon à aménager pour les communautés concernées un espace autonome de formation de la volonté et de prise de décision dans un processus de négociation qui reste asymétrique. Dans un tel contexte non idéal, il devient essentiel d’intégrer un droit autochtone de dire « non » à l’intérieur du processus de négociation.
D’un régime de consultation à l’exercice du droit au consentement préalable
Authors: Lopez Toro Viviana 
Published: August 2020

La Colombie, qui a érigé le droit à la consultation en droit fondamental, est perçue comme un modèle en ce qui concerne la mise en oeuvre de la Convention 169 de l’OIT. La consultation y est fortement institutionnalisée, grâce notamment aux mobilisations autochtones et aux décisions de la Cour constitutionnelle colombienne. Si le « modèle colombien » de consultation crée un véritable espace de participation pour les peuples autochtones, il n’en demeure pas moins fortement contesté. Les consultations servent en effet surtout à légitimer les décisions gouvernementales, dans la plupart des cas, plutôt qu’à protéger les droits des peuples autochtones. Cette forte institutionnalisation a aussi comme effet paradoxal de restreindre et d’encadrer la portée du droit au consentement, de plus en plus mis de l’avant par les peuples autochtones face aux limites des procédures consultatives. En ce sens, la résistance au passage d’un modèle consultatif à un modèle reposant sur le droit au consentement reste importante en Colombie.