bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Applying smart devices for gathering real‐time feedback from students
Authors: Grazulevicius Gediminas , Barzdenas Vaidotas , Vasjanov Aleksandr , Liobe John 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis article presents and describes in detail an interactive method of teaching and gathering feedback from students by applying internet‐based survey systems and utilizing smart devices. Real‐time survey results are monitored and analyzed by university staff and the lecturers, and these results are visible to other students as well. The presented method is probably the fastest and easiest way to receive feedback from students while increasing their interest and participation in lectures and laboratory work. The proposed method combines multiple means of gathering feedback from students, which include surveys, consultations, and group discussions. This interactive method has been applied for 5 years at the Faculty of Electronics, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Vilnius, Lithuania. After analyzing 10 years of available statistical data, which included 5 years when the presented interactive survey method was applied, a 4–6% increase in student performance was observed. Therefore, we conclude that this is perhaps a direct consequence of applying the discussed interactive method. In addition, after analyzing student surveys, it has been observed that 86.37% of students evaluated the use of smart devices positively in conjunction with this teaching method process. The students also positively evaluated the teaching process overall, and highly encouraging responses were received to questions asking to rate class activities and class atmosphere using this interactive survey method—87.79% and 91.68%, respectively. A large number of positive responses reflect a positive student attitude towards the use of such interactive surveys in the study process and supports their benefits aimed at increasing the overall quality of education.
Staging and Grading Discussion of Borderline Cases in Gray Zones
Authors: Steigmann Larissa , Sommer Celia , Kornman Kenneth S. , Wang Hom‐Lay 
Published: October 2020

IntroductionStaging and grading for chronic periodontal disease, as described in 2018, is designed to focus on key distinctions with the recognition that there is a subset of individuals who are on a different clinical trajectory of disease. The staging and grading framework aids the clinician in generating a periodontal diagnosis, however, some cases fall into gray zones in which the simple diagnostic parameters make it challenging to categorize the patient. These cases do not present with clear clinical findings and medical and dental histories that fit within the simple guidelines defined in the staging and grading tables and subsequent algorithms.Case PresentationTwo cases are presented and demonstrate typical clinical scenarios that fall into gray zones when it comes to differentiating whether the patient will respond predictably to standard principles of care. Case 1 presents a scenario in which the patient's early history suggests the potential for disease progression and increases the likelihood that the patient may develop a need for complex rehabilitation due to periodontal breakdown. Clinical judgment was used to evaluate whether the patient remained at elevated risk and the potential implications for disease progression. Case 1 was diagnosed with generalized Stage III, Grade B. The initial presentation of Case 2 had a higher severity and complexity and therefore was diagnosed with generalized Stage IV, Grade C. The need for complex rehabilitation in Case 2, however, was not primarily due to periodontitis.ConclusionDecision guidelines and algorithms help in establishing a standardized diagnosis, however cases that fall into gray zones require clinical judgment to establish the most appropriate diagnosis to guide a treatment plan that is personalized based on current knowledge.
Autogenous Dentin Block of a Non‐Restorable Wisdom Tooth for Localized Horizontal Ridge Augmentation: Radiographic and Histological Analysis – A Preliminary Case Report
Authors: Elraee Leila , Moussa Mahmoud , Adel‐Khattab Doaa 
Published: October 2020

IntroductionTooth roots proved in different studies clinically and radiographically to be an alternative to autogenous bone. However, the histological evaluation of the tooth block following ridge augmentation is still missing. The aim of this case report was to evaluate histologically and radiographically the effect of autogenous dentin block (DB) to restore a horizontal ridge deficiency at a single tooth gap.Case PresentationA healthy 36‐year‐old female patient presented with a missing lower first molar (30), after clinical and radiographic examination, the site showed a class III defect horizontal atrophy. The procedure performed was the surgical removal of the wisdom tooth (32), shaping and fixation of a separated DB at the defect site using an osteosynthesis screw. A cone beam computed tomography was performed immediately and 6 month following the surgery. During implant placement, a core biopsy specimen was retrieved, stored and prepared for histological evaluation. The radiographic analysis showed a horizontal width gain of about 4 mm. The histologic assessment revealed cortical bone formation at the buccal and lingual aspects between the tooth and the bone. During implant placement, the core biopsy exhibited a slight separation upon removal from the grafted side, at 6 month following implant placement, the implant was successfully osteointegrated.ConclusionDB was successfully used for horizontal alveolar ridge augmentation, thus allowing a prosthetically driven implant placement. More cases assessing implant survival and success are needed to confirm the results of this case report.
Bioactive Phenolic Compounds of Two Medicinal Mushroom Species Trametes versicolor and Stereum subtomentosum as Antioxidant and Antiproliferative Agents
Authors: Rašeta Milena , Popović Mira , Knežević Petar , Šibul Filip , Kaišarević Sonja , Karaman Maja 
Published: October 2020

AbstractMedicinal mushrooms have tremendous potential in production of bioactive compounds with diverse bioactivities while the biochemical potential of some specific mushroom strains (autochthonous for the region) in production of specific bioactive agents may be of the main importance in a continuous search for novel strains with supreme activities all over the world.In this study, the ethanolic (EtOH) and water (H2O) extracts of wild‐growing polypore mushroom species were investigated: Trametes versicolor (L.) Lloyd and Stereum subtomentosum Pouzar. This study was designed to determine total phenol (TP), flavonoid (TF) and protein content (TPR) as well as LC/MS/MS phenolic profile related to in vitro antioxidant, antiproliferative (MTT assay) (AP) and DNA fragmentation properties.The H2O extracts expressed better antioxidant scavenging potential than EtOH showing the highest activity for the T. versicolor (IC50=5.6 μg/mL, IC50=0.6 μg/mL for DPPH. and OH., respectively) while O2.− activity achieved the best activity for S. subtomentosum (IC50=4.1 μg/mL). In contrary, the highest AP activity was obtained for the EtOH extracts of S. subtomentosum (IC50=141.1 μg/mL). The EtOH extracts of both species showed the highest TP, TF and TPR content. Obtained results of DNA degradation indicate genotoxicity potential of the extracts at high concentration. The LC/MS/MS detection showed that the majority of analyzed extracts contained phenolic acids, p‐hydroxybenzoic and protocatechuic acid.The obtained results suggest that analyzed medicinal mushroom species, T. versicolor and S. subtomentosum, could be of potential interest as new sources of strong natural antioxidants as well as antiproliferative agents in the future.
Gender‐based outcomes of impeller pumps percutaneous ventricular assist devices
Authors: Osman Mohammed , Syed Moinuddin , Abdul Ghaffar Yasir , Patel Brijesh , Abugroun Ashraf , Kheiri Babikir , Kawsara Akram , Kadiyala Madhavi , Balla Sudarshan , Daggubati Ramesh 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundThere is paucity of data focusing on females' outcomes after the use of impeller pumps percutaneous ventricular assist devices (IPVADs).MethodsPatients who received IPVADs during the period of October 1st, 2015‐December 31, 2017, were identified from the United States National Readmission Database. A 1:1 propensity score matching was used to compare the outcomes between females and males.ResultsA total of 19,278 (Female = 5,456; Male = 13,822) patients were included in the current analysis. After propensity score matching and among all‐comers who were treated with IPVADs, females had higher in‐hospital major adverse events (MAEs) (38 vs. 32.6%, p < .01), mortality (31 vs. 28%, p < .01), vascular complications (3.3 vs. 2.1%, p < .01), major bleeding (7.8 vs. 4.8%, p < .01), nonhome discharges (21.6 vs. 16.3%; p < .01), and longer length of stay (7 days [IQR 2–12] vs. 6 days [IQR 2–12], p = .02) with higher 30‐day readmission rate compared to males (20.5 vs.16.4%, p < .01). Furthermore, among patients who received the IPVADs for high‐risk percutaneous coronary intervention (HRPCI), females continued to have worse MAEs, which was driven by high rates of major bleeding. However, among patients who received IPVADs for cardiogenic shock (CS) the outcomes of females and males were comparable.ConclusionsAmong all‐comers who received IPVADs, females suffered higher morbidity and mortality compared to males. Higher morbidity driven mainly by higher rates of major bleeding was seen among females who received IPVADs for the hemodynamic support during HRPCI and comparable outcomes were observed when the IPVADs were used for CS.
Mid‐term follow‐up of balloon pulmonary angioplasty for inoperable chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension: An experience in Latin America
Authors: Sepúlveda Pablo , Hameau René , Backhouse Christian , Charme Gustavo , Pacheco Francisco , Ramírez Pablo A. , Fuensalida Alberto J. , Quitral Jorge , Martínez Gonzalo , Martínez José A. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo describe the characteristics of patients who undergo balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA) for inoperable chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) and report the mid‐term outcomes.BackgroundBPA has been recently introduced in Latin America. Mid‐term results have not been published.MethodsProspective Chilean Registry of inoperable CTEPH patients who underwent BPA. Clinical variables were analyzed at baseline, after each procedure and at follow‐up. Hemodynamic variables were recorded before and after the last BPA.ResultsBetween August 2016 and September 2019, 22 patients (17 women), 59 ± 12.7 years, underwent 81 BPA and were followed for as long as 33.1 months (mean 17.3 ± 7.5). Mean pulmonary artery pressure decreased by 17.4% (51.1 ± 12 vs. 42.2 ± 13 mmHg, p = .001), pulmonary vascular resistance by 23.9% (766.7 ± 351 vs. 583 ± 346 dynes/s/cm−5, p = .001), cardiac index increased by 8% (2.3 ± 0.54 vs. 2.5 ± 0.54 L/min/m2, p = .012), N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide decreased by 73.8% (1,685 ± 1,045 vs. 441.8 ± 276 pg/dl, p = .006), and 6‐min walk distance improved by 135 m (316.7 ± 94 vs. 451.1 ± 113 m, p = .001). One patient (4.5%) developed lung reperfusion injury and four patients (18.2%) had minor bleeding (hemoptysis), after the procedure. There was no mortality associated with BPA.ConclusionsOur results confirm that BPA for inoperable CTEPH is a relatively safe procedure that improves clinical and hemodynamic parameters in the mid‐term. This therapy should be considered as an alternative, mainly in places where access to PAH therapy or surgery is restricted.
The impact of enzymatic hydrolysis using three enzymes on the nutritional properties of a chickpea protein isolate
Authors: Goertzen Alexandre D. , House James D. , Nickerson Michael T. , Tanaka Takuji 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackground and objectivesEnzymatic hydrolysis has shown potential for improving the functional properties of pulse protein products; however, this process may also result in modified nutritional properties. Several studies concerning this topic have already been performed; however, in many cases these studies focus either on a single enzyme, or a single level of hydrolytic treatment. The goal of this study was instead to analyze a chickpea protein isolate (CPI) hydrolyzed under a variety of conditions, in an attempt to better understand any emergent relationships present. To achieve this, three different proteases (trypsin, pepsin, and papain), and three levels of hydrolysis (DH 5%, 10%, and 15%), that is, nine enzymatically treated CPI preparations, were used to generate protein hydrolysates. They are then tested for levels of four selected bioactive compounds (trypsin and chymotrypsin inhibitory activity, total phenolics, and tannins), as well as limiting amino acid score (LAS), in vitro protein digestibility (IV‐PD), and in vitro protein digestibility‐corrected amino acid scores (IV‐PDCAAS).FindingsIncreasing degree of pepsin and papain hydrolysis led to progressive decreases in trypsin inhibitory activity. Hydrolysis with all enzymes led to decreases in chymotrypsin inhibitory activity. Total phenolic contents exhibited little change following hydrolysis. Tannins could not be detected in any of the protein isolates. IV‐PD did not change following hydrolysis. Tryptophan was the most limiting amino acid in the untreated isolate, following hydrolysis cysteine + methionine also became increasingly limited. IV‐PDCAAS scores generally declined following enzymatic treatments.ConclusionsHydrolysis of <5% DH resulted in minimal negative effects to the protein quality of a CPI. CPI products hydrolyzed to more than 5% DH should be fortified with sulfur containing amino acids for optimal protein nutrition.Significance and noveltyA total of nine distinct enzyme treatments were compared with respect to the nutritional properties of a chickpea protein material, showing low hydrolysis can improve the nutritional properties of CPI.
Structural Snapshots of π‐Arene Bonding in a Gold Germylene Cation
Authors: Bajo Sonia , Alcaide María M. , López‐Serrano Joaquín , Campos Jesús 
Published: October 2020

AbstractHeavier group 14 element cations exhibit a remarkable reactivity that has typically hampered their isolation. For the few available examples, the role of π‐arene interactions is crucial to provide kinetic stabilization, but dynamic and structural information on those contacts is yet limited. In this study we have accessed the metalogermylenium cation [(PMe2ArDipp2)AuGe(ArDipp2)Cl]+ (4+) (ArDipp2=C6H3‐2,6‐(C6H3‐2,6‐iPr2)2) that has been structurally characterized with three different non‐coordinating counter anions. These studies provide for the first time dynamic information about the conformational rearrangement that characterizes π‐arene bonding thorough a series of X‐ray diffraction structural snapshots. Computational studies reveal the weak character of the π‐arene bonding (ca. 2 kcal mol−1) that can be described as the donation from a πC=C bond toward the empty p valence orbital of germanium.
Laboratory Maintenance and Propagation of Freshwater Planarians
Authors: Dean Makayla R. P. , Duncan Elizabeth M. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractFreshwater planarians are a powerful model organism for the study of animal regeneration, stem cell maintenance and differentiation, and the development and functions of several highly conserved complex tissues. At the same time, planarians are easy to maintain, inexpensive to propagate, and reasonably macroscopic (1 mm to 1 cm in length), making them excellent organisms to use in both complex academic research and hands‐on teaching laboratories. Here, we provide a detailed description of how to maintain and propagate these incredibly versatile animals in any basic laboratory setting. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Salt solution preparationBasic Protocol 2: Cleaning planarian housingBasic Protocol 3: Food preparationBasic Protocol 4: Feeding planariansBasic Protocol 5: Expansion and amplification of colony
Endothelial, pericyte and tumor cell expression in glioblastoma identifies fibroblast activation protein (FAP) as an excellent target for immunotherapy
Authors: Ebert Lisa M , Yu Wenbo , Gargett Tessa , Toubia John , Kollis Paris M , Tea Melinda N , Ebert Brenton W , Bardy Cedric , van den Hurk Mark , Bonder Claudine S , Manavis Jim , Ensbey Kathleen S , Oksdath Mansilla Mariana , Scheer Kaitlin G , Perrin Sally L , Ormsby Rebecca J , Poonnoose Santosh , Koszyca Barbara , Pitson Stuart M , Day Bryan W , Gomez Guillermo A , Brown Michael P 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectivesTargeted immunotherapies such as chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)‐T cells are emerging as attractive treatment options for glioblastoma, but rely on identification of a suitable tumor antigen. We validated a new target antigen for glioblastoma, fibroblast activation protein (FAP), by undertaking a detailed expression study of human samples.MethodsGlioblastoma and normal tissues were assessed using immunostaining, supported by analyses of published transcriptomic datasets. Short‐term cultures of glioma neural stem (GNS) cells were compared to cultures of healthy astrocytes and neurons using flow cytometry. Glioblastoma tissues were dissociated and analysed by high‐parameter flow cytometry and single‐cell transcriptomics (scRNAseq).ResultsCompared to normal brain, FAP was overexpressed at the gene and protein level in a large percentage of glioblastoma tissues, with highest levels of expression associated with poorer prognosis. FAP was also overexpressed in several paediatric brain cancers. FAP was commonly expressed by cultured GNS cells but absent from normal neurons and astrocytes. Within glioblastoma tissues, the strongest expression of FAP was around blood vessels. In fact, almost every tumor vessel was highlighted by FAP expression, whereas normal tissue vessels and cultured endothelial cells (ECs) lacked expression. Single‐cell analyses of dissociated tumors facilitated a detailed characterisation of the main cellular components of the glioblastoma microenvironment and revealed that vessel‐localised FAP is because of expression on both ECs and pericytes.ConclusionFibroblast activation protein is expressed by multiple cell types within glioblastoma, highlighting it as an ideal immunotherapy antigen to target destruction of both tumor cells and their supporting vascular network.
Elements of fish metacommunity structure in Neotropical freshwater streams
Authors: Vieira Thiago Bernardi , Brasil Leandro Schlemmer , da Silva Liriann Chrisley N. , Tejerina‐Garro Francisco Leonardo , de Aquino Pedro de Podestà Uchôa , Pompeu Paulo S. , de Marco Paulo 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe identification of the mechanisms underlying patterns of species co‐occurrence is a way to identify which process(es) (niche, neutral, or both) structure metacommunities. The current paper had the goal of identifying patterns of co‐occurrence in Neotropical stream fish and determining which processes structure the fish metacommunity, and identifying any gradients underlying this structure. Results indicated that the metacommunity formed by the species pool was structured by a pattern of nested co‐occurrence (hyperdispersed species loss) and a mass‐effect mechanism. However, a set of core species, displaying a Clementsian pattern, was structured by a species‐sorting mechanism. Both, hyperdispersed species loss and the Clementsian patterns point to a discrete set of communities within the metacommunity. These communities could be isolated by the water physicochemical conditions or morphological characteristics of the stream channel.
Aquatic beetles influence colonization of disparate taxa in small lentic systems
Authors: Pintar Matthew R. , Resetarits William J. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractStructure of natural communities is shaped by both abiotic characteristics and the ongoing processes of community assembly. Important to this process are the habitat selection behaviors and subsequent survival of colonists, both in the context of temporal changes in the abiotic characteristics and priority effects driven by earlier colonists. Aquatic beetles are prevalent in temporary freshwater systems, form speciose assemblages, and are often early colonists of temporary ponds. While beetles have the potential to influence community structure through post‐colonization interactions (predation and competition), our goal was to determine whether the presence of beetle assemblages (versus patches without beetles) influences the colonization and oviposition of a diverse group of animals in a naturally colonized experimental landscape. We established mesocosms that either contained existing beetle assemblages or contained no beetles and assessed abundances of subsequent colonists. Treefrogs, Hyla chrysoscelis, and mosquitoes, Culex restuans, both deposited fewer eggs in patches containing beetle assemblages, while two beetles, Copelatus glyphicus and Paracymus, colonized those patches at lower rates. One beetle, Helophorus linearis, colonized patches containing beetle assemblages at higher rates, while two beetles, Berosus infuscatus and Tropisternus lateralis, exhibited no colonization differences between treatments. Overall, there were no differences in the assemblage structure or richness of beetles that colonized patches. Our results illustrate the importance of species‐specific habitat selection behavior in determining the species composition of habitat patches, while emphasizing the role of priority effects in influencing patterns of community assembly. Habitat selection in response to abiotic and biotic characteristics of habitat patches can potentially create greater spatiotemporal niche separation among the numerous, often closely related species (phylogenetically and trophically), that can be simultaneously found in similar patches across landscapes.