bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment satisfaction with rheumatoid arthritis in patients with different disease severity and financial burden: A subgroup analysis of a nationwide survey in China
Authors: Li Hong-Bin , Wu Li-Jun , Jiang Nan , Yang Ping-Ting , Liu Sheng-Yun , Shi Xiao-Fei , Fang Yong-Fei , Zhao Yi , Xu Jian , Jiang Zhen-Yu , Wu Zhen-Biao , Duan Xin-Wang , Wang Qian , Li Meng-Tao , Tian Xin-Ping , Zeng Xiao-Feng 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background
Despite the recent advances in treatments for rheumatoid arthritis (RA), there are still unmet needs in disease outcomes. This study aimed to analyze the satisfaction with drug therapies for RA according to the levels of disease severity (patient-assessed) and proportions of treatment cost to household income.

Methods
This was a subgroup study of a cross-sectional study in patients with RA and their physicians. The patients were subdivided into different subgroups based on their self-assessed severity of RA and on the proportions of treatment cost to household income (<10%, 10–30%, 31–50%, and >50%). The Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication version II was used to assess patients’ treatment satisfaction.

Results
When considering all medications, effectiveness, convenience, and global satisfaction scores were lower in the severe and moderate RA subgroups than those in the mild and extremely mild RA subgroups (all P < 0.001). Effectiveness, side effects, and convenience scores were higher in the <10% subgroup compared to those in the >50% subgroup (all P < 0.05). Global satisfaction score was higher in the <10% subgroup than that in the 31% to 50% subgroup (F = 13.183, P = 0.004). For biological disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs, effectiveness and convenience scores were lower in the severe RA subgroup than those in the extremely mild RA subgroup (both P < 0.05). Convenience score was higher in the <10% subgroup compared to that in the 31% to 50% and >50% subgroups (F = 12.646, P = 0.005). Global satisfaction score was higher in the <10% subgroup than that in the 31% to 50% subgroup (F = 8.794, P = 0.032).

Conclusion
Higher disease severity and higher financial burden were associated with lower patient satisfaction.
Safety of Combined Fractional Microneedle Radiofrequency and CO2 as an Early Intervention for Inflammatory Acne and Scarring Treated With Concomitant Isotretinoin
Authors: Kim Jihee , Lee Young In , Kim Jemin , Jung Jin Young , Lee Won Jai , Lee Ju Hee 
Published: March 2020

BACKGROUND
Fractional microneedle radiofrequency (FMRF) systems are popular options for treating acne scars. However, treatment efficacy when used in combination with traditional ablative fractional laser (AFL) and the safety profile with concomitant use of isotretinoin remain unknown.

OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of an early intervention combination treatment protocol for inflammatory acne and acne scars.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
The electronic records of 71 patients with inflammatory acne and acne scars were included in this retrospective observational study. Data were collected for all patients who received combination FMRF and AFL. Within the study group, 43 patients were receiving low-dose isotretinoin or had completed isotretinoin within the past 3 weeks.

RESULTS
The mean Scar Global Assessment score significantly decreased after 3 sessions of combination treatment (n = 71). Patients with inflammatory acne showed a significant decrease in the number of inflammatory lesions (n = 30). Patients with concomitant low-dose isotretinoin use reported a further decrease in Scar Global Assessment score (n = 43). There were no reported persistent side effects, including prolonged inflammatory reaction or scarring.

CONCLUSION
Combination treatment with FMRF and AFL is an effective and well-tolerated treatment modality for acne scars and inflammatory acne.
A Review of 3-Dimensional Skin Bioprinting Techniques: Applications, Approaches, and Trends
Authors: Ishack Stephanie , Lipner Shari R. 
Published: March 2020

BACKGROUND
Tissue engineering is used to fabricate 3-dimensional (3D) artificial scaffolds to create a microenvironment that mimics human tissue. Bioprinting uses biomaterials, cells, and/or bioink to fabricate prospective scaffolds to mirror the structural, compositional, and functional aspects of the skin. Various bioprinting methods (inkjet-based bioprinting, pressure-assisted bioprinting, and laser-assisted bioprinting) have been used for regenerative wound repair and have been characterized based on biocompatibility, cellular microenvironment, cell proliferation, vitality, and morphology.

OBJECTIVE
This article reviews the basic principles of 3D printing, current 3D skin bioprinting applications and approaches, and future directions for regenerative medical skin constructs.

METHODS
A comprehensive literature review was conducted using PubMed with keywords “three-dimensional printing,” “dermatologic surgery,” “bioprinting,” “reconstructive surgical procedures,” “wound healing,” “skin grafts,” “skin scaffolds,” “tissue reconstruction,” and “tissue engineering.”

RESULTS
A summary of the different applications and 3-dimensional skin bioprinting techniques is presented. In addition, synthetic, natural, and combination polymers are reviewed. Advantages, disadvantages, indications, and approaches are discussed in depth.

CONCLUSION
Skin grafting is a dynamic technique of dermal reconstruction that can be successful with comprehensive knowledge of skin bioprinting methods.
Preventive Beneficial Effect of an Aqueous Extract of Phyllanthus amarus Schum. and Thonn. (Euphorbiaceae) on DOCA-Salt–Induced Hypertension, Cardiac Hypertrophy and Dysfunction, and Endothelial Dysfunction in Rats
Authors: Yao N'guessan Alain , Niazi Zahid Rasul , Najmanová Iveta , Kamagaté Mamadou , Said Amissi , Chabert Philippe , Auger Cyril , Die-Kakou Henri , Schini-Kerth Valérie 
Published: March 2020

Abstract:
This study investigated the preventive effect of an aqueous extract of the whole plant of Phyllanthus amarus (AEPA) on blood pressure, cardiac, and endothelial function in the deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA) salt–induced hypertensive rat model. Male Wistar rats were assigned into 5 groups receiving either vehicle (control and DOCA salt), DOCA salt combined with AEPA at 100 or 300 mg/kg, or AEPA (100 mg/kg) alone for 5 weeks. In addition, DOCA salt–treated rats were allowed free access to water containing 1% NaCl. Systolic blood pressure, left ventricle parameters, vascular reactivity of primary mesenteric artery rings, the vascular level of oxidative stress, and the level of target proteins were determined, using respectively tail-cuff sphygmomanometry, echocardiography, organ chambers, dihydroethidium staining, and immunofluorescence methods. After 5 weeks, AEPA treatments (100 or 300 mg/kg per day) significantly prevented the increase in systolic blood pressure in DOCA salt–treated rats, respectively, by about 24 and 21 mm Hg, improved cardiac diastolic function, and reduced significantly the increased posterior and septum diastolic wall thickness and the left ventricle mass in hypertensive rats. Moreover, the DOCA salt–induced endothelial dysfunction and the blunted nitric oxide- and endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization-mediated relaxations in primary mesenteric artery were improved after the AEPA treatments. AEPA also reduced the level of vascular oxidative stress and the expression level of target proteins (eNOS, COX-2, NADPH oxidase subunit p22phox) in DOCA salt rats. Altogether, AEPA prevented hypertension, improved cardiac structure and function, and improved endothelial function in DOCA salt rats. Such beneficial effects seem to be related, at least in part, to normalization of the vascular level of oxidative stress.
Knowledge, attitude, and practice towards pharmacogenomics among hospital pharmacists in Thailand
Authors: Karuna Narainrit , Tragulpiankit Pramote , Mahasirimongkol Surakameth , Chumnumwat Supatat 
Published: March 2020

Background and objectives
Pharmacogenomics (PGx) is the use of human genomic information to avoid toxicity and optimize efficacy of drug therapy in an individual. Hospital pharmacists are the key persons to facilitate the incorporation of PGx into clinical practice. PGx is relatively new to Thai hospital pharmacists. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practice of Thai hospital pharmacists towards PGx implementation.

Materials and methods
We conducted a cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey among 600 hospital pharmacists in 21 hospitals across Thailand. The questionnaire consisted of 35 questions using comment boxes, Likert scales, and multiple choice answers.

Results
The response rate was 20.5% (n = 123). Nearly half of the hospital pharmacists (46.3%) had low PGx knowledge score (<5 points), particularly for applied PGx knowledge in clinical situations. Concerns regarding PGx reimbursement, privacy issues, and discrimination were mentioned in this survey. However, most hospital pharmacists had positive attitude towards PGx service. Only 7% of hospital pharmacists had recommended or interpreted PGx tests in the past year. National PGx guidelines and government policies were considered the important factors for PGx implementation. Moreover, the most preferred learning format for PGx education was professional academic conferences.

Conclusion
Hospital pharmacists in Thailand had positive attitude towards PGx, despite limited experience and practice of PGx. PGx education to support an application of PGx knowledge in clinical situations is required. National PGx guidelines and government policies may need to be developed to address the concerns for reimbursement, privacy, and discrimination to ensure successful PGx implementation.
Effect of hormone therapy on muscle strength in postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Xu Yang , Deng Kai-Li , Xing Tian-Fang , Mei Ya-Qing , Xiao Su-Mei 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Objective:
This study aimed to evaluate the overall effects of hormone therapy (HT) on muscle strength in postmenopausal women through a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods:
PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were systematically searched from the inception dates to August 2019. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared the effects of HT with either no therapy or placebo on muscle strength in postmenopausal women were eligible. The quality of studies was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Measurements of changes in muscle strength compared to baseline were extracted for pooled analysis. The effect size was calculated as standardized mean differences using a random effects model.

Results:
We identified nine studies with a combined population of 2,476 postmenopausal women. The studies included were assessed to be of good quality overall. The results showed that HT was not associated with muscle strength gain in postmenopausal women (standardized mean difference = 0.352; 95% confidence interval, −0.098 to 0.803; P = 0.125; I
2 = 95.3%). The changes in muscle strength in women receiving HT were not significant. The results were unchanged when stratified by treatment type, muscle group, and treatment duration.

Conclusions:
The use of HT was not associated with the improvement of muscle strength in postmenopausal women. This finding suggested that HT might not improve muscle strength or that the effect size was too small to identify significant therapeutic efficacy.
Differential Diagnosis of Sjögren Versus Non-Sjögren Dry Eye Through Tear Film Biomarkers
Authors: Akpek Esen K. , Wu Henry Y. , Karakus Sezen , Zhang Qin , Masli Sharmila 
Published: March 2020

Purpose:
Systemic implications necessitate the identification of dry eye patients with Sjögren syndrome (SS). This study aims to explore the utility of tear MUC5AC and inflammatory cytokine levels in the differential diagnosis of SS-related dry eye.

Methods:
A prospective, observational, case-control study was conducted on 62 patients (those with a definitive diagnosis of SS dry eye, non-SS dry eye, and age-matched healthy controls with no dry eye). Clinical evaluations included the following tests in the order listed here: noninvasive tear break-up time, osmolarity, tear sampling, Schirmer test without anesthesia, and ocular surface staining (lissamine green for conjunctiva and fluorescein for cornea). Tear MUC5AC levels were assessed with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and cytokines [interferon-gamma, tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-17a, IL-1β, IL-8, IL-10, and IL-12p70] were measured using a Luminex assay in a masked fashion.

Results:
The Bulbar conjunctival lissamine green staining score was significantly greater in patients or controls with SS versus non-SS dry eye. This greater conjunctival staining was associated with a reduction in tear MUC5AC (B = −17.8 ng/mL, 95% confidence interval = −31.8 to −3.9, P = 0.01). Among the tear cytokines, a significant association was found between IL-8 levels (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.002, 95% confidence interval = 1.000–1.003, P = 0.03) and SS diagnosis. When patients were stratified based on tear MUC5AC levels, significantly increased tear IL-8 levels were detected in patients with SS dry eye but not with non-SS dry eye, in comparison with healthy controls.

Conclusions:
Tear levels of goblet cell-specific MUC5AC combined with IL-8 can potentially serve as a useful biomarker for differential diagnosis of SS dry eye from non-SS dry eye.
Effect of Iris Color on the Outcome of Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty
Authors: Hayashi Takahiko , Hos Deniz , Schrittenlocher Silvia , Siebelmann Sebastian , Matthaei Mario , Franklin Jeremy , Clahsen Thomas , Bock Felix , Bachmann Björn , Cursiefen Claus 
Published: March 2020

Purpose:To explore the impact of iris color on the outcome of Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK).Methods:Consecutive cases of Fuchs endothelial dystrophy after DMEK were retrospectively analyzed from the prospective Cologne DMEK database between 2011 and 2017 at the University of Cologne, Germany. Iris pictures were graded by color into blue, green, or brown and compared regarding outcome parameters including best-corrected visual acuity (converted to logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution), central corneal thickness, endothelial cell density (ECD), each at preoperative (baseline) and postoperative 12 months, rebubbling rates, cystoid macular edema (CME), and immune rejections after surgery.Results:One thousand one hundred six eyes of 814 patients were included in this study that consisted of 354 blue eyes, 418 green eyes, and 244 brown eyes. There was no significant correlation between iris color and any parameter (best corrected visual acuity;P= 0.064 at preoperatively,P= 0.959 at 12 months) (ECD;P= 0.158 preoperatively,P= 0.859 at 12 months) (central corneal thickness;P= 0.148 preoperatively,P= 0.252 at 12 months). The loss of ECD at 12 months after surgery was 37.2% ± 1.0% in blue eyes, 37.2% ± 0.9% in green eyes, and 37.2% ± 1.2% in brown eyes (P= 0.999). Immune rejections were 1.7%, 2.9%, and 0.8% (P= 0.168) in blue, green, and brown eyes, respectively. Rebubbling rates and CME incidence were similar in each group (P= 0.129, andP= 0.552 respectively).Conclusions:The iris color has no significant impact on the outcome after DMEK. Thus, DMEK can be applied effectively, regardless of the iris color.
An Original Use of a Bioluminescence Assay to Test the In Vitro Efficacy of Polihexanide in the Eradication of Acanthamoeba Cysts
Authors: Sudano Roccaro Andrea , Asero Antonino 
Published: March 2020

Purpose:

Acanthamoeba keratitis is a rare ocular disease caused by Acanthamoeba spp. The current Acanthamoeba keratitis treatments consist of unlicensed drugs, most commonly polihexanide (PHMB), a biguanide derivative, either as monotherapy or combined with a diamidine. The main purpose of this study was to develop an in vitro bioluminescence assay able to differentiate the antiamoebic activity of PHMB concentrations (0.02%, 0.04%, 0.06%, and 0.08%). Another objective of this study was to evaluate the antiamoebic activity of equal PHMB concentrations at different molecular weights (MWs).

Methods:
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) bioluminescence assay applicability was established by a linear correlation between amoebae number and relative light unit emitted from cysts. The protocol consisted in a series of sequential tests, the first of which compared relative light unit emission and the hemocytometric method after cysts exposure to the different PHMB concentrations. In this assay, dilutions of the initial PHMB concentrations were used as working solutions. Usually, only 5% or less of the instilled dose into the eye is distributed through the cornea; thus, the antiamoebic activity of initial PHMB concentrations 1/10 and 1/100 diluted can reasonably be considered as representative of their undiluted dose administered in vivo.

Results:
There was no significant difference between the 2 methods. The ATP bioluminescence assay ranked the antiamoebic activity of the working PHMB solutions and showed that the viability of the cysts was equally reduced at fixed PHMB concentration in a wide range of molecular weight.

Conclusions:
The ATP bioluminescence assay showed to be a simple and rapid way for characterizing the in vitro antiamoebic activity of working PHMB solutions at different concentrations.
Reducing Opioid Bias is Necessary (ROBIN)
Authors: Brannock Carrie L. , White Justin , Baker Jo Ann 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background
Prescription opioid and heroin use and addiction is a local, national, and worldwide epidemic plaguing over 11 million people. Attitudes toward substance use among the general public were highlighted as an area that needs to be further investigated and addressed. The Reducing Opioid Bias is Necessary (ROBIN) educational project was developed and presented to 21 participants as a one-time, 4-hour pretest and posttest design that included theoretical background, short videos, a documentary film, and writings from individuals and community members affected by opioid use disorder (OUD). Participants were assessed on their familiarity, attitudes, and effectiveness of the ROBIN educational program on their perceptions toward persons with OUD.

Methods
Quantitative data collection included demographic information, level of familiarity, the Attitudes to Mental Illness Questionnaire, and the Drug and Drug Problems Perceptions Questionnaire. Qualitative measures included reflective writing and focus group discussion 2 months after the program. Quantitative measures were completed using descriptive statistics, and qualitative data were sorted for common themes.

Results
Spearman's rank rho of 0.947 (p < .05) indicated less familiarity and more bias attitudes toward people with OUD. The paired-sample t test on the Drug and Drug Problems Perceptions Questionnaire indicated a significant decrease in participant bias in the posttest (M = 59.33, SD = 16.48) when compared with the pretest (M = 74.86, SD = 19.38), t(20) = 5.17, p = .00002. The qualitative data from the written reflection and focus group indicated strong changes in participants' overall understanding, empathy, and desire for promoting the educational program.

Conclusion
The ROBIN program can reduce bias among community and healthcare subjects. Limitations to the study should be addressed in future research on this topic.
An Analysis of Computer Game Addiction in Primary School Children and Its Affecting Factors
Authors: Karayağiz Muslu Gonca , Aygun Ozcan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background
Computer games are included in next-generation technologies in today's developed visual media world. They are attractive to all ages, but the dramatic increase in the use of computer games in children and adolescents is remarkable. This study aims to determine the computer game addiction in primary school children and its affecting factors.

Methods
The study sample consisted of 476 students among 952 students enrolled in three primary schools in Fethiye, Muğla. Data were collected from the students using the “Child Information Form” and the “Computer Game Addiction Scale for Children.” The data were analyzed using numbers, percentages, independent samples, one-way analysis of variance, and regression analysis.

Results
This study found that there was a statistically significant difference between gender, class grade, level of income, mothers' educational level, the presence of a game console/computer at home, and the computer game addiction scale scores (p < .05). It was also found that students who spend more time on the Internet and playing computer game constitute the most at-risk group for computer game addiction (p < .05).

Conclusion
Some interventions can be planned to decrease computer game addiction particularly in male students, children and families with low income and educational level, and students who have computers and game consoles at home with longer duration of gaming and Internet use with the cooperation of schools, school nurses, teachers, and parents.
Higher visit-to-visit blood pressure variability and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide elevation: influence of left ventricular hypertrophy and left ventricular diastolic function
Authors: Takahari Kosuke , Nagai Michiaki 
Published: March 2020

Objective
The issue of whether visit-to-visit blood pressure variability (VVV) is associated with higher levels of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) has been controversial, and the underlying mechanism is not well understood. We hypothesized that (1) VVV is associated with the NT-proBNP level, and (2) this association is mediated by left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy and LV diastolic dysfunction.

Patients and methods
A total of 72 hypertensive patients were examined. Clinic blood pressure was measured at each visit for 12 months (1×/month or every 2 months), and echocardiography was performed during this period. VVV is expressed as the SD, coefficient of variation (CV), and delta (Δ; the difference between the maximum and the minimum) in SBP and in DBP. We investigated the association between VVV and NT-proBNP and whether the LV mass index (LVMI) and the mitral early diastolic inflow velocity (E) to mitral annular early-diastolic peak velocity (e′) ratio (E/e′) influence this association.

Results
The loge NT-proBNP values were significantly correlated with the CV of SBP (r = 0.42), ΔSBP (r = 0.41), the CV of DBP (r = 0.32), and ΔDBP (r = 0.28). The CV and Δ in SBP or those in DBP were not significantly correlated with LVMI or E/e′. A multiple linear regression analysis revealed that higher CV of SBP and ΔSBP were significantly associated with loge NT-proBNP.

Conclusion
Higher VVV was significantly associated with higher NT-proBNP independently of LV hypertrophy and diastolic function.