bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
International multicentre review of perioperative management and outcome for catecholamine-producing tumours
Authors: Groeben H , Walz M K , Nottebaum B J , Alesina P F , Greenwald A , Schumann R , Hollmann M W , Schwarte L , Behrends M , Rössel T , Groeben C , Schäfer M , Lowery A , Hirata N , Yamakage M , Miller J A , Cherry T J , Nelson A , Solorzano C C , Gigliotti B , Wang T S , Wietasch J K G , Friederich P , Sheppard B , Graham P H , Weingarten T N , Sprung J 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background
Surgery for catecholamine-producing tumours can be complicated by intraoperative and postoperative haemodynamic instability. Several perioperative management strategies have emerged but none has been evaluated in randomized trials. To assess this issue, contemporary perioperative management and outcome data from 21 centres were collected.

Methods
Twenty-one centres contributed outcome data from patients who had surgery for phaeochromocytoma and paraganglioma between 2000 and 2017. The data included the number of patients with and without α-receptor blockade, surgical and anaesthetic techniques, complications and perioperative mortality.

Results
Across all centres, data were reported on 1860 patients with phaeochromocytoma or paraganglioma, of whom 343 underwent surgery without α-receptor blockade. The majority of operations (78·9 per cent) were performed using minimally invasive techniques, including 16·1 per cent adrenal cortex-sparing procedures. The cardiovascular complication rate was 5·0 per cent overall: 5·9 per cent (90 of 1517) in patients with preoperative α-receptor blockade and 0·9 per cent (3 of 343) among patients without α-receptor blockade. The mortality rate was 0·5 per cent overall (9 of 1860): 0·5 per cent (8 of 517) in pretreated and 0·3 per cent (1 of 343) in non-pretreated patients.

Conclusion
There is substantial variability in the perioperative management of catecholamine-producing tumours, yet the overall complication rate is low. Further studies are needed to better define the optimal management approach, and reappraisal of international perioperative guidelines appears desirable.
Strategies to minimize intraoperative blood loss during major surgery
Authors: Shah A , Palmer A J R , Klein A A 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background
Reducing operative blood loss improves patient outcomes and reduces healthcare costs. The aim of this article was to review current surgical, anaesthetic and haemostatic intraoperative blood conservation strategies.

Methods
This narrative review was based on a literature search of relevant databases up to 31 July 2019 for publications relevant to reducing blood loss in the surgical patient.

Results
Interventions can begin early in the preoperative phase through identification of patients at high risk of bleeding. Directly acting anticoagulants can be stopped 48 h before most surgery in the presence of normal renal function. Aspirin can be continued for most procedures. Intraoperative cell salvage is recommended when anticipated blood loss is greater than 500 ml and this can be continued after surgery in certain situations. Tranexamic acid is safe, cheap and effective, and routine administration is recommended when anticipated blood loss is high. However, the optimal dose, timing and route of administration remain unclear. The use of topical agents, tourniquet and drains remains at the discretion of the surgeon. Anaesthetic techniques include correct patient positioning, avoidance of hypothermia and regional anaesthesia. Permissive hypotension may be beneficial in selected patients. Promising haemostatic strategies include use of pharmacological agents such as desmopressin, prothrombin complex concentrate and fibrinogen concentrate, and use of viscoelastic haemostatic assays.

Conclusion
Reducing perioperative blood loss requires a multimodal and multidisciplinary approach. Although high-quality evidence exists in certain areas, the overall evidence base for reducing intraoperative blood loss remains limited.
UNC5B‐AS1 promoted ovarian cancer progression by regulating the H3K27me on NDRG2 via EZH2
Authors: Wang Hao , Su Hong , Tan Yujie 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe role of long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in tumorigenesis and development of ovarian cancer (OC) has caught the attention of scientists. UNC5B antisense RNA 1 (UNC5B‐AS1) is a newly identified carcinogenic lncRNA in thyroid papillary carcinoma, but its role in OC remains unclear. This study is proposed to investigate the function and mechanism of UNC5B‐AS1 in OC. UNC5B‐AS1 expression in OC samples was obtained from gene expression profiling interactive analysis (GEPIA) based on The Cancer Genome Atlas data. Gene expressions were detected by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) and western blot. Biological functions of UNC5B‐AS1 were assessed by cell counting kit‐8, colony formation, and caspase‐3 analysis. GEPIA revealed the UNC5B‐AS1 upregulation in OC samples. RT‐qPCR assay confirmed the upregulation of UNC5B‐AS1 in OC cells. Functionally, depletion of UCN5B‐AS1 hindered proliferation and prompted apoptosis in OC cells. Mechanistically, we found that UNC5B‐AS1 interacted with zeste 2 polycomb repressive complex 2 subunit (EZH2) to trigger trimethylation of histone H3 at lysine 27 (H3K27me3) on N‐myc downstream regulated gene‐2 (NDRG2) promoter and epigenetically repressed NDRG2. Rescue assay indicated the participation of NDRG2 in the regulation of UNC5B‐AS1 on OC progression. Together, we first illustrated that UNC5B‐AS1 promoted OC progression by regulating the H3K27me on NDRG2 via EZH2, indicating UNC5B‐AS1 as a potential molecular target for OC treatment.
Gimmicks of gamma‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) in pancreatic β‐cell regeneration through transdifferentiation of pancreatic α‐ to β‐cells
Authors: Yi Zhao , Waseem Ghani Muhammad , Ghani Hammad , Jiang Wu , Waseem Birmani Muhammad , Ye Li , Bin Liu , Cun Lang Guan , Lilong An , Mei Xiao 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn vivo regeneration of lost or dysfunctional islet β cells can fulfill the promise of improved therapy for diabetic patients. To achieve this, many mitogenic factors have been attempted, including gamma‐aminobutyric acid (GABA). GABA remarkably affects pancreatic islet cells’ (α cells and β cells) function through paracrine and/or autocrine binding to its membrane receptors on these cells. GABA has also been studied for promoting the transformation of α cells to β cells. Nonetheless, the gimmickry of GABA‐induced α‐cell transformation to β cells has two different perspectives. On the one hand, GABA was found to induce α‐cell transformation to β cells in vivo and insulin‐secreting β‐like cells in vitro. On the other hand, GABA treatment showed that it has no α‐ to β‐cell transformation response. Here, we will summarize the physiological effects of GABA on pancreatic islet β cells with an emphasis on its regenerative effects for transdifferentiation of islet α cells to β cells. We will also critically discuss the controversial results about GABA‐mediated transdifferentiation of α cells to β cells.
3D Nitrogen‐Doped Graphene Encapsulated Metallic Nickel–Iron Alloy Nanoparticles for Efficient Bifunctional Oxygen Electrocatalysis
Authors: Wang Zhaoyang , Liao Xiaobin , Lin Zifeng , Huang Fuzhi , Jiang Yalong , Owusu Kwadwo Asare , Xu Lin , Liu Ziang , Li Jiantao , Zhao Yan , Cheng Yi‐Bing , Mai Liqiang 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIt is extremely desirable to explore high‐efficient, affordable and robust oxygen electrocatalysts toward rechargeable Zn–air batteries (ZABs). A 3D porous nitrogen‐doped graphene encapsulated metallic Ni3Fe alloy nanoparticles aerogel (Ni3Fe‐GA1) was constructed through a facile hydrothermal assembly and calcination process. Benefiting from 3D porous configuration with great accessibility, high electrical conductivity, abundant active sites, optimal nitrogen content and strong electronic interactions at the Ni3Fe/N‐doped graphene heterointerface, the obtained aerogel showed outstanding catalytic performance toward the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Specifically, it exhibited an overpotential of 239 mV to attain 10 mA cm−2 for OER, simultaneously providing a positive onset potential of 0.93 V within a half‐wave potential of 0.8 V for ORR. Accordingly, when employed in the aqueous ZABs, Ni3Fe‐GA1 achieved higher power density and superior reversibility than Pt/C−IrO2 catalyst, making it a potential candidate for rechargeable ZABs.
Outcomes of transvenous lead extraction in patients with lead perforation: A single‐center experience
Authors: Zhou Xu , Ze Feng , Li Ding , Wang Long , Guo Jihong , Li Xuebin 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundManagement of cardiac perforation caused by the lead of a cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) is currently unclear. This study evaluated the outcomes of transvenous lead extraction (TLE) in patients with cardiac perforation caused by a transvenous lead.HypothesisRemoval of perforated lead by transvenous approach is safe and effective.MethodsThe medical records of all patients diagnosed with cardiac perforation by a pacing or defibrillator lead in Peking University People's Hospital from January 2008 to January 2019 were reviewed. We included patients who were managed by TLE.ResultsA total of 53 patients (30 men; mean age: 67 ± 15 years) with lead perforation managed by TLE were included. Most of the perforated leads (94.9%) were pacemaker leads. Forty‐three leads (81.1%) were implanted within 1 year. Ten patients with a high risk of hemopericardium underwent percutaneous subxiphoid pericardial puncture prior to TLE. All 53 culprit leads were removed completely without major complications. Simple traction with or without a locking stylet was sufficient in 51 patients (96.2%). Forty‐eight patients (90.6%) had a new active‐fixation lead reimplanted. No patients showed evidence of new‐onset or worsening pericardial effusion during the procedure and hospital stay. During a median follow‐up time of 16 months, no recurrence of symptoms associated with lead perforation or CIED‐related infection were reported.ConclusionIn most patients with lead perforation, TLE can be a safe and effective management approach.
Endoscopic ultrasound‐guided tissue acquisition of solid mass lesions of the pancreas: A retrospective comparison study of fine‐needle aspiration and fine‐needle biopsy
Authors: Sweeney Jacob , Soong Lauren , Goyal Abha 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundAlthough endoscopic ultrasound guided fine‐needle biopsy (EUS‐FNB) has emerged as an alternative to fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) for the sampling of solid pancreatic mass lesions, it remains unclear which method is more effective. We compared the diagnostic yields of FNA, FNB, and combined FNA/FNB at a tertiary care institution.MethodsSpecimens from EUS‐FNA (04/2014‐08/2017) and EUS‐FNB (10/2015‐08/2017) with SharkCore needle of pancreatic solid mass lesions were retrieved. Clinical, radiologic, and pathologic data was recorded. Pathology results of malignancy/neoplasms with uncertain malignant potential were considered as true positive. The “negative” cases included were with ≥6 months of follow‐up. Nondiagnostic cases showed unremarkable pancreatic tissue, nonpancreatic elements, atypia, or features suspicious for malignancy. Diagnostic yield was defined as percentage of lesions sampled in which a benign or malignant tissue diagnosis, as defined above, was obtained. Statistical comparisons were performed using Fisher's exact test and univariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis.ResultsThe study cohort included 76 FNA only cases, 88 FNB only cases, and 40 combined FNA/FNB cases. Diagnostic yields were 70% (FNA), 70% (FNB), and 83% (FNA/FNB), which were not statistically different. Increase in lesion size and presence of ROSE were significantly associated with a diagnostic outcome on both univariable and multivariable analysis, unlike the number of passes.ConclusionOur results demonstrate that for solid pancreatic lesions, the diagnostic yields of FNA, FNB, and combined FNA and FNB are comparable. Presence of ROSE and increasing lesion size increased the diagnostic yield while the number of passes had no significant impact.
Sequential organ failure assessment score on admission predicts long‐term mortality in acute heart failure patients
Authors: Aoyama Daisetsu , Morishita Tetsuji , Uzui Hiroyasu , Miyazaki Shinsuke , Ishida Kentaro , Kaseno Kenichi , Hasegawa Kanae , Fukuoka Yoshitomo , Tama Naoto , Ikeda Hiroyuki , Shiomi Yuichiro , Tada Hiroshi 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAimsThe sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score has been a widely used predictor of outcomes in the intensive care unit, whereas short‐term and long‐term survivals of heart failure (HF) patients are predicted by the American Heart Association Get With the Guidelines–Heart Failure (GWTG‐HF) risk score. The purpose of present study was to examine whether the SOFA score on admission is more useful for predicting long‐term mortality in acute HF patients than the GWTG‐HF risk score.Methods and resultsA total of 269 patients (mean age, 78.5 ± 10.9 years; all‐cause mortality, 53.9%) seen in a single facility from January 2007 to December 2016 were enrolled retrospectively. They were followed up for a mean of 32.1 ± 22.3 months. All‐cause death was associated with higher SOFA and GWTG‐HF risk scores. However, no significant difference was observed in the area under the curve value between the scores. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis indicated that higher SOFA scores (P < 0.001) and GWTG‐HF risk scores (P < 0.001) were related to increased probabilities of all‐cause death. On multivariate Cox proportional hazard model analysis, the SOFA score (P < 0.001) and GWTG‐HF (P < 0.001) score were independent predictors of all‐cause death. Incorporating the SOFA score into the GWTG‐HF risk score yielded a significant net reclassification improvement and integrated discrimination improvement. On decision curve analysis, the net benefit of the SOFA score model when compared with the reference model was greater across the range of threshold probabilities.ConclusionsIn acute HF patients, long‐term all‐cause mortality can be predicted by the SOFA score. Discriminative performance metrics, such as net reclassification improvement, integrated discrimination improvement, and decision curve analysis, for predicting mortality were improved when the SOFA score was incorporated.
The mechanistic target of rapamycin pathway downregulates bone morphogenetic protein signaling to promote oligodendrocyte differentiation
Authors: Ornelas Isis M. , Khandker Luipa , Wahl Stacey E. , Hashimoto Hirokazu , Macklin Wendy B. , Wood Teresa L. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractOligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) differentiate and mature into oligodendrocytes, which produce myelin in the central nervous system. Prior studies have shown that the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) is necessary for proper myelination of the mouse spinal cord and that bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling inhibits oligodendrocyte differentiation, in part by promoting expression of inhibitor of DNA binding 2 (Id2). Here we provide evidence that mTOR functions specifically in the transition from early stage OPC to immature oligodendrocyte by downregulating BMP signaling during postnatal spinal cord development. When mTOR is deleted from the oligodendrocyte lineage, expression of the FK506 binding protein 1A (FKBP12), a suppressor of BMP receptor activity, is reduced, downstream Smad activity is increased and Id2 expression is elevated. Additionally, mTOR inhibition with rapamycin in differentiating OPCs alters the transcriptional complex present at the Id2 promoter. Deletion of mTOR in oligodendroglia in vivo resulted in fewer late stage OPCs and fewer newly formed oligodendrocytes in the spinal cord with no effect on OPC proliferation or cell cycle exit. Finally, we demonstrate that inhibiting BMP signaling rescues the rapamycin‐induced deficit in myelin protein expression. We conclude that mTOR promotes early oligodendrocyte differentiation by suppressing BMP signaling in OPCs.
Prophylactic swallowing therapy for patients with head and neck cancer: A three‐arm randomized parallel‐group trial
Authors: Wall Laurelie R. , Ward Elizabeth C. , Cartmill Bena , Hill Anne J. , Isenring Elizabeth , Byrnes Joshua , Porceddu Sandro V. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundIntensive prophylactic swallowing therapy can mitigate dysphagia in patients with oropharyngeal (OP) SCC, however, presents service challenges. This trial investigated the clinical efficacy of three service models delivering prophylactic swallowing therapy during (chemo)radiotherapy ([C]RT).MethodsPatients (n = 79) with OPSCC receiving (C)RT were were randomized to: (a) clinician‐directed face‐to‐face therapy (n = 26); (b) telepractice therapy via “SwallowIT” (n = 26); or (c) patient self‐directed therapy (n = 27). Swallowing, nutritional, and functional status were compared at baseline, 6‐weeks, and 3‐months post‐(C)RT. Patients' perceptions/preferences for service‐delivery were collated posttreatment.ResultsService‐delivery mode did not affect clinical outcomes, with no significant (P > .05) between‐group differences or group‐by‐time interactions observed for swallowing, nutrition, or functional measures. Therapy adherence declined during (C)RT in all groups. SwallowIT and clinician‐directed models were preferred by significantly (P = .002) more patients than patient‐directed.ConclusionsSwallowIT provided clinically equivalent outcomes to traditional service models. SwallowIT and clinician‐directed therapy were preferred by patients, likely due to higher levels of therapy support.
Circular RNA circ‐EGLN3 promotes renal cell carcinoma proliferation and aggressiveness via miR‐1299‐mediated IRF7 activation
Authors: Lin Ling , Cai Jianhua 
Published: January 2020

AbstractRenal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a highly lethal cancer with increasing incidence worldwide. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the functions and molecular mechanisms of circular RNA (circRNA), circ‐EGLN3, in RCC progression. The expression levels of circ‐EGLN3 were assessed by a quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction. Kaplan‐Meier analysis was applied to uncover the prognostic role of circ‐EGLN3 in patients with RCC. Cell viability was analyzed using cell counting kit‐8 and cell apoptosis was assessed using flow cytometric experiment. Cell migratory and invasive abilities were determined by wound scratch and transwell experiments. Subcellular distribution detection was utilized to investigate the location of circ‐EGLN3. Dual‐luciferase reporter test was utilized for identifying the molecular mechanism of circ‐EGLN3. The results indicated that circ‐EGLN3 was elevated in RCC tissues and cell lines and predicted unfavorable prognosis for the patients with RCC. Silenced circ‐EGLN3 hindered cell proliferation, migration, and invasion but facilitated apoptosis of RCC cells. Ectopic expressed circ‐EGLN3 induced the opposite effects mentioned above. Mechanistically, circ‐EGLN3 was mainly located at the cytoplasm. Circ‐EGLN3 acted as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to enhance the IRF7 level via sponging miR‐1299. Moreover, circ‐EGLN3 mediated elevation of IRF7 is responsible for RCC cell proliferation and aggressiveness. Collectively, our study suggested that circ‐EGLN3 knockdown suppressed RCC progression through acting as a ceRNA to regulate the IRF7 expression by targeting miR‐1299. Circ‐EGLN3 might be a potential therapeutic target for RCC management.
RETRACTED: Okadaic acid promotes epithelial‐mesenchymal transition of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by inhibiting protein phosphatase 2A
Authors: Kong Juan , Li Di , Zhang Shidong , Zhang Huixia , Fu Yuanyuan , Qian Bo , Bei Chunhua , Tan Shengkui , Zhu Xiaonian 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAs a specific inhibitor of serine/threonine protein phosphatases, okadaic acid (OA) has been found to be a tumor promoter. However, whether OA plays a role in metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has not been well elucidated. In this study, Hep3B and HepG2 cells were treated with different doses of OA and the cell viability was determined by CCK8 test. As a result, Hep3B and HepG2 cells showed no obvious cytotoxicity after OA treatment below 20 or 25 nM for 12 or 24 hours. However, wound healing, invasion, and migration abilities of HCC cells were significantly enhanced in the OA‐treated groups than those of the control group (P < .05), measured by cell scratching and BD transwell assays. Moreover, we found that the expression of epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT)‐related key factors was changed upon OA treatment in a dose‐dependent manner. In addition, the activity of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) in OA‐treated cells was also decreased significantly compared with the control cells (P < .05). Interfering of PP2A subunit A or C caused a similar expression change of EMT‐related key factors as the OA treatment in HCC cells. Our results suggest that OA promotes the EMT process of HCC cells by inhibiting the activity of PP2A.
Adrenal diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma with high PD‐L1 expression: Two case reports and literature review
Authors: Chen Yu , He He Sheng , Hu Qing Feng , Wang Gang 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundPrimary adrenal lymphoma (PAL) is an infrequent malignant disease and there is no consensus classification or specialized treatment for it. However, PAL has been observed to have worse prognosis compared with other extrarenal malignant lymphomas and diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma presents as the most common subtype of PAL.MethodsThe current study reported two cases of adrenal diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma with high PD‐L1 expression and discussed the clinical significance of PD‐L1 through literature review.Key ResultsThe PD‐L1 expression rate of the two cases was 90% and 80%, respectively, which was significantly higher than those reported in the literature.ConclusionPAL is a type of non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma with low incidence and poor prognosis, and it is necessary to further explore the early use of immunological checkpoint inhibitors for patients with higher expression of PD‐L1 and with rituximab‐resistance.