bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study determinants of increased Z-Score of Body Mass Index in preschool-age children
Authors: El-Gamal Fathi Mahmoud , Babader R , Al-Shaikh M , Al-Harbi A , Al-Kaf J , Al-Kaf W 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objective : To determine the association between socioeconomic level, gender, stunting and other characteristics with the presence of overweight/obesity in the preschool children.Result : BMI/Age Z score > + 2 SD was found in 19.5% of the children. It was more common among the children from areas with high socio-economic level (OR: 2.43; 95% CI 1.54, 3.84, and p < 0.000) . obesity was higher among the males (OR 1.76; 95% CI 1.09, 2.8, and p < 0.02) compared to females. The increased duration of breast feeding, was significantly associated with increased BMI/Age Z-score (b= 0.027, p < 0.004). Decreased age of the child was significantly associated with increased BMI/Age Z-score (b= - 0.013, p < 0.004). The children with stunted growth were 6.7 times fold likely to have BMI/Age Z Score > + 2 SD compared to the normal children (OR 6.73; 95% CI 3.79, 10.80, and p < 0.000), after allowing for other factors. No significant association was found between allergic disorders and BMI/Age Z score > + 2 SD. Thus male gender, high socioeconomic condition, increased duration of breast feeding and stunting were significantly associated with overweight/obesity in preschool children
Proteomic analysis of human synovial fluid reveals potential diagnostic biomarkers for ankylosing spondylitis
Authors: Lee Ji Hyun , Jung Jae Hun , Kim Jeesoo , Baek Won-Ki , Rhee Jinseol , Kim Tae-Hwan , Kim Sang-Hyon , Kim Kwang Pyo , Son Chang-Nam , Kim Jong-Seo 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory rheumatic disease affecting the axial skeleton and peripheral joints. The etiology of this disease remains poorly understood, but interactions between genetic and environmental factors have been implicated. The present study identified differentially expressed proteins in the synovial fluid (SF) of AS patients to elucidate the underlying cause of AS. Methods A cohort of 40 SF samples from 10 AS and 10 each of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), gout, and osteoarthritis (OA) patients were analyzed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to identify differentially expressed proteins specific to AS. The label-free LC-MS/MS results were verified by western blotting. Results We identified 8 proteins that were >1.5-fold upregulated in the SF of AS patients compared to that of the disease control groups, including HP, MMP1, MMP3, serum amyloid P-component (APCS), complement factor H-related protein 5 (CFHR5), mannose-binding lectin 2 (MBL2), complement component C9 (C9), and complement C4-A (C4A). CFHR5 and C9 were previously found in serum from AS patients, while APCS was previously found in SF as well as in serum. However, the present study has identified C4A, and MBL2 as potential AS biomarkers for the first time. The expression levels of MMP3, C9, and CFHR5 were verified in AS SF using western blotting. Conclusion We performed quantitative comparative proteomic analysis using by LC-MS/MS of the SF from four disease states: RA, gout, and OA. This systematic comparison revealed novel differentially expressed proteins in AS SF, as well as two previously reported candidate biomarkers. We further verified the expression of MMP3, C9 and CFHR5 by western blot. These proteins may serve as diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers in patients with AS, and may thus improve the clinical outcomes of this serious disease.
Value of T1 Mapping on Gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI for Microvascular Invasion of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Rao chenyi , Wang Xinquan , Li Minda , Zhou Guofeng , Gu Hongmei 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background:
To evaluate the utility of non-invasive parameters derived from T1 mapping and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) on gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI for predicting microvascular invasion (MVI) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
Methods:
A total of 94 patients with single HCC undergoing partial hepatectomy was analyzed in this retrospective study. Preoperative T1 mapping and DWI on gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI was performed. The parameters including precontrast, postcontrast and reduction rate of T1 relaxation time and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were measured for differentiating MVI-positive HCCs (n=38) from MVI-negative HCCs (n=56). The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was analyzed to compare the diagnostic performance of the calculated parameters.
Results:
MVI-positive HCCs demonstrated a significantly lower reduction rate of T1 relaxation time than that of MVI-negative HCCs (39.4% vs 49.9, P <0.001). The areas under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) were 0.587, 0.728, 0.824, 0,690 and 0.862 for the precontrast, postcontrast, reduction rate of T1 relaxation time, ADC and the combination of reduction rate and ADC, respectively. The cut-off value of the reduction rate and ADC calculated through maximal Youden index in ROC analyses was 44.9% and 1553.5 s/mm 2 . To achieve a better diagnostic performance, the criteria of combining the reduction rate lower than 44.9% and the ADC value lower than 1553.5 s/mm 2 was proposed with a high specificity of 91.8% and accuracy of 80.9%.
Conclusions:
The proposed criteria of combining the reduction rate of T1 relaxation time lower than 44.9% and the ADC value lower than 1553.5 s/mm 2 on gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI holds promise for evaluating MVI status of HCC.
Expanding the Role of Paralegals: Supporting Realization of the Right to Health for Vulnerable Communities
Authors: Wirya Albert , Larasati Ajeng , Gruskin Sofia , Ferguson Laura 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
All around the world, the paralegal program prepares members of marginalized communities to face the legal system. Having a common background with their clients and being capable of conducting flexible work, paralegals’ role moves beyond enlarging the beneficiaries of legal aid to addressing intersectional issues around health-related rights. This study assesses the health and other impacts of paralegals recruited by Lembaga Bantuan Hukum Masyarakat (LBHM), a human rights organization which provides legal assistance and operates in Jakarta, Indonesia. The positive results these paralegals can bring in the specific context can contribute to the development of community-based paralegals elsewhere.

Methods
This mixed methods research was carried out in 2016-2018. In 2016, a quantitative survey was administered to LBHM-trained paralegals and a sub-set of paralegals who completed the survey were then also interviewed. Quantitative data were analysed using SPSS, and, for the qualitative data, thematic analysis was conducted.

Results
The paralegals make important contributions to health-related rights in four distinct ways. Firstly, most of the paralegals checked their clients’ health in all stages of detention, especially regarding their drug dependency status and checking for signs of torture. Secondly, paralegals help clients to be more aware of their health-related rights, especially regarding their rights to obtain health services inside detention. Thirdly, paralegals can ensure that their clients obtain health services by taking medicines directly to the clients or encouraging the law enforcement agencies to refer the clients to health services. Lastly, in drug cases, paralegals help their clients to obtain alternative sentences besides imprisonment.

Conclusions
These four contributions verify the positive impacts paralegals, recruited from marginalized communities, can deliver for community members facing criminal justice processes. The shifting role of paralegals from merely an intermediary between clients and lawyers to champions of the health-related rights of their clients can happen as a result of adequate training, support, and networks with other agents in criminal justice system.
Misoprostol administered sublingually at a dose of 12.5 µg versus vaginally at a dose of 25 µg for the induction of full-term labor: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Gattas Daniele Sofia de Moraes Barros , de Amorim Melania MR , Feitosa Francisco EL , Junior José R da Silva , Ribeiro Lívia CG , Souza Gustavo FA , Souza Alex S Rolland 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Labor induction is defined as any procedure that stimulates uterine contractions before labor begins spontaneously. The vaginal and oral routes of administration of misoprostol are those most used for the induction of labor in routine practice, with the recommended dose being 25 μg. Nevertheless, the sublingual route may reduce the number of vaginal examinations required, increasing patient comfort and lowering the risk of maternal and fetal infection. Based on a previous systematic review, the objective of this study was to compare the frequency of tachysystole as the main outcome measure when misoprostol is administered sublingually at the dose of 12.5μg versus vaginally at a dose of 25μg to induce labor in a full-term pregnancy with a live fetus. Methods: A randomized, placebo-controlled, triple-blind clinical trial was conducted at two maternity hospitals in northeastern Brazil. Two hundred patients with a full-term pregnancy, a live fetus, Bishop score ≤6 and an indication for induction of labor were included. Following randomization, one group received 12.5μg misoprostol sublingually and a vaginal placebo, while the other group received a sublingual placebo and 25μg misoprostol vaginally. The primary outcome was the frequency of tachysystole. Student’s t-test, the chi-square test of association and Fisher’s exact test were used, as appropriate. Risk ratios and their 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Results: The frequency of tachysystole was lower in the group using 12.5μg misoprostol sublingually compared to the group using 25μg misoprostol vaginally (RR=0.15; 95%CI: 0.02-0.97; p=0.002). Failure to achieve vaginal delivery within 12 and 24 hours was similar in both groups. Sublingual administration was preferred to vaginal administration by women in both groups; however, the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion: The effectiveness of labor induction with low-dose sublingual misoprostol was similar to that achieved with vaginal administration of the recommended dose; however, the rate of tachysystole was lower in the sublingual group, and this route of administration may prove a safe alternative. Trial registration: Registration number: NCT01406392, ClinicalTrials.gov. Date of registration: August 1, 2011.
Valgus Stability is Enhanced by Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Muscle Contraction of the Index and Middle Fingers
Authors: Hoshika Shota , Nimura Akimoto , Takahashi Norimasa , Sugaya Hiroyuki , Akita Keiichi 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) muscle provides dynamic stabilization and medial elbow support for ulnar collateral ligament (UCL). The FDS contraction significantly affects the medial joint distance (MJD) through grip contraction. However, it remains unclear whether FDS activity alone contributes to medial elbow stability, or together with the activation of the flexor digitorum profundus during grip contraction, and which finger’s FDS is the main contributor to elbow stability. We investigated the resistive effects of isolated FDS contraction in individual fingers against valgus stress in the elbow joint using stress ultrasonography (US).Methods: We investigated 17 healthy males (mean age, 27 ± 5 years). Valgus stress US was performed using the Telos device, with the elbow at 30° flexion. MJD was measured for each arm during 3 separate conditions: at rest (unloaded), under valgus load (50 N) (loaded), and under valgus load with FDS contracted in individual fingers (loaded-contracted). Results: MJD was significantly longer when loaded (5.4 ± 0.4 mm) than unloaded (4.1 ± 0.2 mm, P = .007) or loaded-contracted (4.6 ± 0.3 mm, P = .003) for each finger. When loaded-contracted, MJD differed statistically between the index and ring fingers (P = .03) and between the middle and ring fingers (P = .04). However, the difference between the index and middle fingers was not statistically significant (P = .08).  Conclusions: Individual FDS contraction, particularly of the index and middle fingers contributes most to stabilization against valgus stress. Thus, injury care programs should incorporate FDS exercises of these fingers.
Impact of perioperative hemodynamic optimization therapies in surgical patients: Economic study and Meta-analysis
Authors: Silva João M , Menezes Pedro Ferro L , Lobo Suzana M , Carvalho Flavia Helena S , Oliveira Mariana Augusta N , Filho Francisco Nilson F Cardoso , Fernando Bruna N , Carmona Maria Jose C , Teich Vanessa D , Malbouisson Luiz Marcelo S 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Several studies suggest that hemodynamic optimization therapies can reduce complications, the length of hospital stay and costs. However, Brazilian data are scarce. Therefore, the objective of this analysis was to evaluate whether the improvement demonstrated by hemodynamic optimization therapy in surgical patients could result in lower costs from the perspective of the Brazilian public unified health system.Method: A meta-analysis was performed comparing surgical patients who underwent hemodynamic optimization therapy (intervention) with patients who underwent standard therapy (control) in terms of complications and hospital costs. The cost-effectiveness analysis evaluated the clinical and financial benefits of hemodynamic optimization protocols for surgical patients. The analysis considered the clinical outcomes of randomized studies published in the last 20 years that involved surgeries and hemodynamic optimization therapy. Indirect costs (equipment depreciation, estate and management activities) were not included in the analysis.Results: A total of 21 clinical trials with a total of 4872 surgical patients were selected. Comparison of the intervention and control groups showed lower rates of infectious (RR=0.66; 95% CI=0.58-0.74), renal (RR=0.68; 95% CI=0.54-0.87), and cardiovascular (RR=0.87; 95% CI=0.76-0.99) complications and a nonstatistically significant lower rate of respiratory complications (RR=0.82; 95% CI=0.67-1.02). There was no difference in mortality (RR=1.02; 95% CI=0.80-1.3) between groups. In the analysis of total costs, the intervention group showed a cost reduction of R$396,024.83-BRL ($90,161.38-USD) for every 1000 patients treated compared to the control group. The patients in the intervention group showed greater effectiveness, with 1.0 fewer days in the intensive care unit and hospital. In addition, there were 333 fewer patients with complications, with a consequent reduction of R$1,630,341.47-BRL ($371,173.27-USD) for every 1000 patients treated.Conclusions: Hemodynamic optimization therapy is cost-effective and would increase the efficiency of and decrease the burden of the Brazilian public health system.
Repair of alveolar cleft bone defects by bone collagen particles combined with hUC-MSCs in rabbit
Authors: Sun Xue-Cheng , Wang Hu , Li Jian-Hui , Zhang Dan , Ma Xu , Xia Hong-Fei 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Alveolar cleft is a kind of cleft lip and palate, which seriously affects the physical and mental health of patients. In this study, a similar model of human alveolar cleft phenotype was established in rabbits to evaluate the effect of bone collagen particles combined with human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) on the repair of alveolar cleft bone defects. Methods: In this study, 24 adult Japanese white rabbits (JWRs) were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups. Including normal group, control group, materials group and MSCs group. The model of alveolar clefts was established by removing the incisors on the left side of the upper jaw. The normal group did nothing. In the control group, the incisors were removed and sutured directly. In the material group, the incisor were removed, then filled with bone collagen particles, and finally sutured. In the MSCs group, the incisors were first removed, then filled with bone collagen particles incubated by hUC-MSCs, and then stitched. Blood biochemical analysis was performed 3 months after the operation. Skull tissues were collected for gross observation, and micro-focus computerized tomography (micro-CT) analysis. Paraffin sections were prepared for histological and immunohistochemical staining. Results: The bone collagen particles and hUC-MSCs are not biotoxic and can promote alvenlus regeneration. Bone collagen particles combined with hUC-MSCs were much better than those used alone in inducing bone repair and regeneration. Conclusions: HUC-MSCs can be used as a bone generation inducer combined with bone collagen materials for bone regeneration and repair.
Intra-carotid arterial transfusion of circulatory-derived autologous endothelial progenitor cells in rodent after ischemic stroke — evaluating the impact of therapeutic time points on prognostic outcomes
Authors: Lin Kun-Chen , Chai Han-Tan , Chen Kuan-Hung , Sung Pei‐Hsun , Chiang John Y. , Shao Pei-Lin , Huang Chi-Ruei , Li Yi-Chen , Ko Sheung-Fat , Yip Hon-Kan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: This study tested the optimal time point for left intra-carotid arterial (LICA) administration of circulatory-derived autologous endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) for improving the outcome in rat after acute ischemic stroke (IS). Methods and Results: Adult-male SD rats (n=70) were equally categorized into group 1 (sham-operated control), group 2 (IS), group 3 (IS+EPCs/1.2x106 cells/by LICA administration 3h after IS), group 4 (IS+EPCs/LICA administration post-day-3 IS), group 5 (IS+EPCs/LICA administration post-day-7 IS), group 6 (IS+EPCs/LICA administration post-day-14 IS) and group 7 (IS+EPCs/LICA administration post-day-28 IS). The brain-infarct volume (BIV) (at day 60/MRI) was lowest in group 1, highest in group 2 and significantly progressively increased from groups 3 to 7, whereas among the IS animals, the neurological function was significantly preserved in groups 3 to 6 than in groups 2 and 7 post-day-60 IS (all p<0.0001). By day 60, the endothelial cell markers at protein and cellular levels, and number of small vessels exhibited an opposite pattern of BIV among the groups (all p<0.0001). The protein and cellular levels of inflammation, and protein levels of oxidative stress, autophagy and apoptosis, were highest in group 2, lowest in group 1 and progressively increased from groups 3 to 7 (all p<0.0001). The angiogenesis biomarkers at protein and cellular levels were significantly progressively increased from groups 1 to 3, then significantly progressively decreased from groups 4 to 7 (all p<0.0001). Conclusion: Early EPC administration provided better benefits on improving functional/image/molecular-cellular outcomes after acute IS in rat.
Whole genome resequencing reveals an association of ABCC4 variants with preaxial polydactyly in pigs
Authors: Ma Cheng , Khederzadeh Saber , Adeola Adeniyi C. , Han Xu-Man , Xie Hai-Bing , Zhang Ya-Ping 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Polydactyly is one of the most common congenital limb dysplasia in many animal species. Although preaxial polydactyly (PPD) has been comprehensively studied in humans as a common abnormality, the genetic variations in other animals have not been fully understood. Herein, we focused on the pig, as an even-toed ungulate mammal model with its unique advantages in medical and genetic researches, two PPD families consisting of four affected and 20 normal individuals were sequenced. Results: Our results showed that the PPD in the sampled pigs were not related to the variants reported in earlier studies. A strong association was identified at ABCC4 and it encodes a transmembrane protein involved in ciliogenesis. We found that the affected and normal individuals were highly differentiated at ABCC4, and all the PPD individuals shared long haplotype stretches as compared with the unaffected individuals. A highly differentiated missense mutation (I85T) in ABCC4 was observed at a residue from a transmembrane domain highly conserved among a variety of organisms. Conclusions: This study reports ABCC4 as a new candidate gene for PPD in pigs and identifies a missense mutation. Our results illustrate a putative role of ciliogenesis process in PPD, coinciding with an earlier observation of ciliogenesis abnormality resulting in pseudo-thumb development in pandas. These results expand our knowledge on the genetic variations underlying PPD in animals.
Adjunctive therapies for the nonsurgical treatment of peri-implant diseases: systemic review and meta-analysis
Authors: xiao yuhan , Qin Yichun , Yu Haiyang 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Peri-implant diseases are caused by biofilms around the implant and may lead to implant failure. Non-surgical mechanical debridement (MD) with different adjunctive therapies has been applied in the treatment of peri-implant diseases. This systematic review aimed to deduce the optimal adjunctive therapy. Methods Two independent authors screened the literature using MEDLINE and Cochrane Library. Only clinical randomized controlled trials (RCTs) about adjunctive therapies for non-surgical treatment of peri-implant diseases were included in this review. Studies selected were published before February 2020. The clinical outcomes were compared in this meta-analysis. Results: A total of 31 RCTs met the inclusion criteria. The following adjunctive interventions were compared in the included studies: modification of the prosthesis; air abrasive; Er:YAG laser; diode laser; photodynamic therapy; local antibiotics; system antibiotics; probiotics; and enamel matrix derivative. Follow-up ranged from 3 months to 1 year. A statistically significant difference was observed between MD with photodynamic therapy and MD alone at 3 months follow-up ( P < 0.01). However, such a difference was not detected between MD with chlorhexidine and MD alone at 3 months follow-up ( P = 0.61), between MD with probiotics and MD alone ( P = 0.47), and between systemic antibiotics and MD alone ( P = 0.96). Conclusion Currently, the optimal non-surgical intervention is not known. Also, among the interventions with similar efficiency, that with fewer side effects, easy to use, and cost-effective is yet to be identified. Thus, well-designed RCTs with prolonged follow-ups to assess the accurate effectiveness of therapies are imperative.