bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Partnership Among Hospitals To Reduce Healthcare Associated Infections: A Quasi-Experimental Study In Brazilian ICUs
Authors: de Melo Ladjane Santos Wolmer , de Abreu Maria Verônica Monteiro , Santos Bernuarda Roberta de Oliveira , Carreteiro Maria das Graças Washington Casimiro , de Albuquerque Maria Carolina Andrade Lins , de Souza Maria Fernanda Aparecida Moura , Vidal Claudia Fernanda de Lacerda , Lacerda Heloisa Ramos 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are relevant in developing countries where frequencies can be at least 3 times higher than in developed countries. The purpose of this research was to describe the intervention implemented in ICUs to reduce HAIs through collaborative project and analyze the variation over 18 months in the incidence density (ID) of the three main HAIs: ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP), central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) and catheter-related urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) and also the length of stay and mortality in these ICUs. Methods: A quasi-experimental study in 5 public adult clinical-surgical ICUs, to reduce HAIs, through interventions using the BTS-IHI “Improvement Model”, during 18 months. In the project, promoted by the Ministry of Health, Brazilian philanthropic hospitals of excellence (HE) regularly trained and monitored public hospitals in diagnostics, data collection and in developing cycles to improve quality and to prevent HAIs (bundles). In the analysis regarding the length of stay, mortality, the IDs of VAP, CLABSIs and CAUTIs over time, a GEE (Generalized Estimating Equation) model was applied for continuous variables, using the constant correlation (exchangeable) between assessments over time. The model estimated the average difference (β coefficient of the model) of the measures analyzed during two periods: a period in the year 2017 (prior to implementing the project) and in the years 2018 and 2019 (during the project).Result: A mean monthly reduction of 0.427 in VAP ID (p = 0.002) with 33.8% decrease at the end of the period and 0.351 in CAUTI ID (p = 0.009) with 45% final decrease. The mean monthly reduction of 0.252 for CLABSIs was not significant (p = 0.068).Conclusions: Given the success in reducing VAP and CAUTIs in a few months of interventions, the achievement of the collaborative project is evident. This partnership among public hospitals/HE may be applied to other ICUs including countries with fewer resources.Trial registration: This research was promoted and authorized by Brazilian Ministry of Health, carried out through the Institutional Development Program of the Integrated Health System PROADI-SUS12 and approved by Ethics Committee of the Hospital das Clínicas - UFPE, under No. 3,307,293.
Intravenous Immunoglobulin Gamma for Severe Cases of Coronavirus Disease of 2019: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Double-Blinded Clinical Trial
Authors: Gharebaghi Naser , Nejadrahim Rahim , Mousavi Seyed Jalil , Sadat-Ebrahimi Seyyed-Reza , Hajizadeh Reza 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) with high-transmission power has infected people in many countries around the world. Discovering an effective medication for the treatment of this disease, especially in severe cases, has become the subject of intense scientific investigations. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) in patients with severe COVID-19 infection.Methods: The study was conducted as a randomized placebo-controlled double-blinded clinical trial. Fifty-nine patients with severe COVID-19 infection who did not respond to initial treatment were randomly assigned into two groups. One group received IVIg (human) four vials every day for three days in addition to initial treatment, and the other group received placebo. Patients’ demographic, clinical, and selected laboratory test results, as well as the occurrence of in-hospital mortality, were recorded. Result: Among included patients, 30 patients received IVIg and 29 patients received placebo. Demographics, clinical characteristics and evaluated laboratory tests of two groups were not statistically different (P>0.05). The in-hospital mortality rate was significantly lower in the IVIg group as compared to the control group (6 [20.0%] vs 14 [48.3%], respectively, p = 0.022). Multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that administration of IVIg had a significant impact on mortality rate (aOR= 0.003 [95%CI: 0.001 - 0.815], p=0.042).Conclusion: Our study was the first randomized double-blinded study that demonstrated that the administration of IVIg in patients with severe COVID-19 infection who did not respond to initial treatment could improve their clinical outcome and reduce the mortality rate. However, further multicenter studies with larger samples size are required to confirm the applicability of using this medication as the standard treatment.Trial registration: The study protocol is registered at the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (www.IRCT.ir) with the registration number of IRCT20200501047259N1. Registered 17 May 2020. Retrospectively registered.
The Clinical Characteristics And Outcome Of Cryptococcal Meningitis With Aids In A Tertiary Hospital In China: An Observational Cohort Study
Authors: Wu Liang , Xiao Jiang , Song Yangzi , Gao Guiju , Zhao Hongxin 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: We collected the clinical data of hospitalized AIDS patients who complicated with cryptococcal meningitis (CM) in nearly 10 years, to analyze the influencing factors of prognosis and provide help for early identification of severe patients, timely rescue measures and improvement of prognosis. Methods: The 128 subjects were divided into two groups according to the effective/ineffective clinical treatment. Analyzed and compared the data from various aspects. Results: 119 cases (93.0%) had headache, 109 (85.2%) had fever, 95 (74.2%) had nausea and vomiting, 52 (40.6%) had consciousness disorder. 101 patients (78.9%) were effective in clinical treatment, while 27 (21.1%) were ineffective. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the occurrence of cerebral herniation increased the risk of poor prognosis by 405 times, and the occurrence of disturbance of consciousness increased the risk of poor prognosis by 4.4 times. However, each week of extension of the course of induction therapy reduced the risk of poor prognosis by 0.683 times, and increased the effective outcome of clinical treatment by 1.5 times. In addition, the prognosis of patients with ventriculoperitoneal shunt or lumbar cisterna shunt decompression was better than that of patients without shunt therapy. Conclusions: Cerebral hernia and disturbance of consciousness are risk factors for prognosis of AIDS patients with CM, and duration of induction therapy is a protective factor for prognosis. Anticryptococcal therapy with high efficiency and sufficient treatment time during induction period is especially critical for improving prognosis. Shunt decompression therapy may improve the prognosis of patients with AIDS complicated with CM.
Perception de la diversité linguistique en milieu universitaire francophone minoritaire: un regard sur les attitudes des étudiants et les défis de gestion de la classe
Authors: Alhamid Sofyan , St-Amand Jerome 
Published: July 2020

Au Campus Saint-Jean de l’Université de l’Alberta, les étudiants sont confrontés à une diversité de professeurs (canadiens, européens, africains, arabes, chinois, etc.) parlant souvent des variétés du français différentes (accents différents, expressions différentes, etc.). Ce constat nous a conduits à nous intéresser à l’analyse des attitudes linguistiques qu’affichent les étudiants du C. S.-J. à l’égard de la diversité linguistique de leurs professeurs. Il est précisément question, dans cette recherche, de comprendre, d’une part, la façon dont ces étudiants perçoivent cette diversité en salle de classe et, d’autre part, les défis que cette dernière peut engendrer au niveau de leur apprentissage. Les données ont été recueillies par le biais d’une enquête qualitative comportant un questionnaire écrit destiné à 71 participants faisant leurs études au C. S.-J. Ainsi, ayant eu la possibilité d’exprimer ouvertement la perception qu’ils avaient, durant leur première session passée au C. S.-J., par rapport à la diversité linguistique de leurs professeurs, les personnes sondées ont affiché des attitudes que nous avons classifiées en quatre catégories : neutres, positives, positives et négatives en même temps et négatives. Cette diversité linguistique est perçue généralement de façon positive bien qu’elle comporte des défis de gestion de la classe.
Surgical treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis in patients with concurrent parenteral viral hepatitis
Authors: Shugаevа S. N. , Suzdаlnitskiy А. E. , Sаvilov E. D. , Mаlov S. I. , Mаlov I. V. 
Published: July 2020

The objective: to assess the effect of parenteral viral hepatitis on the manifestations of respiratory tuberculosis and the nature of surgical interventions for tuberculosis.Subjects and methods. An ambispective observational study was conducted with a continuous sampling of 475 respiratory tuberculosis patients over 18 years old who underwent surgical interventions. The patients are divided into two groups: the group of RTB+PVH consisted of 92 patients with concurrent respiratory tuberculosis and chronic parenteral viral hepatitis; the group of RTB included 383 patients with respiratory tuberculosis and no parenteral viral hepatitis.Results. It was found that compared with RTB group, in RTB+PVH group (regardless of the type of hepatitis virus), a chronic course of tuberculosis was registered significantly more often (42.4%; p = 0.005; OS = 2.0); more often bacillary excretion was documented (68.5%; p = 0.035; OR = 1.7), including those with multiple and extensive drug resistance (52.4% of cases with positive sputum tests, p = 0.048; OR = 1.8). Radical (69.6%; p = 0.05; OS = 1.7) and small-scale surgical interventions (64.1%; p = 0.037; OS = 1.8) were significantly less frequently performed in RTB+PVH patients; and such patients often developed postoperative complications (8.7%; p = 0.009; OS = 2.9).
Contemporary approaches to the search for active drugs and chemotherapy regimens for tuberculosis treatment
Authors: Lugovkinа T. K. , Skornyakov S. N. , Kildyushevа E. I. , Egorov E. A. 
Published: July 2020

The article analyzes scientific publications (37 articles) devoted to phthisiology, clinical pharmacology of antimicrobial agents, laboratory methods for evaluating the effectiveness and safety of various regimens of tuberculosis chemotherapy caused by resistant strains of M. tuberculosis.It tells about prospects for expanding the line of antimicrobial agents for treatment of tuberculosis caused by resistant strains of M. tuberculosis, new approaches to the study and evaluation of the effectiveness of the drug at the stage of preclinical trials using the in vitro HFS-TV model.
Efficient approach toward the application of the Godunov method to hydraulic transients
Authors: Pal Susovan , Hanmaiahgari Prashanth Reddy , Lambert Martin F. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The proposed study investigated the applicability of the finite volume method (FVM) based on the Godunov scheme to transient water hammer with shock front simulation, in which intermediate fluxes were computed using either first-order or second-order Riemann solvers. Finite volume (FV) schemes are known to conserve mass and momentum and produce the efficient and accurate realization of shock waves. The second-order solution of the Godunov scheme requires an efficient slope or a flux limiter for error minimization and time optimization. The study examined a range of limiters and found that the MINMOD limiter is the best for modeling water hammer in terms of computational time and accuracy. The first- and second-order FVMs were compared with the method of characteristics (MOCs) and experimental water hammer measurements available in the literature. Both the FV methods accurately predicted the numerical and experimental results. Parallelization of the second-order FVM reduced the computational time similar to that of first-order. Thus, the study presented a faster and more accurate FVM which is comparable to that of MOC in terms of computational time and precision, therefore it is a good substitute for the MOC. The proposed study also investigated the implementation of a more complex convolution-based unsteady friction model in the FVM to capture real pressure dissipation. The comparison with experimental data proved that the first-order FV scheme with the convolution integral method is highly accurate for computing unsteady friction for sudden valve closures.
Closing the cycle? Potential and limitations of Water and Sanitation Safety Plans (WSSPs) for Latin American metropolitan areas
Authors: Clavijo Araceli , Iribarnegaray Martín A. , Rodriguez-Alvarez María Soledad , Seghezzo Lucas 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Water and sanitation management faces major challenges due to the rapid urban growth of metropolitan areas and the resulting pressure on water resources. Metropolitan areas often combine formal and informal water and sanitation services and regularly face shortages, leakages, and other situations involving risk to users and the environment. This work presents an integrated approach for the development and implementation of a Water and Sanitation Safety Plan (WSSP) for metropolitan areas, especially in developing countries. The plan allows for the assessment of all the risks associated with the components of the urban water cycle by means of a semi-quantitative approach. In the case study described, the overall risk estimated was 37.2% (44.0 and 30.3% for the drinking water supply and sanitation sub-systems, respectively). Highest risk values were obtained for components of water treatment (53.0%) and wastewater treatment (51.7%). Our assessment took into account both formal and informal sanitation components of the water and wastewater management cycle and included a multi-institutional analysis of the entire system. Results obtained may contribute to establishing new policies and guidelines for the protection of public health and the local environment in our case study and other areas of the region with similar contexts and comparable institutional settings.
VIVÊNCIAS DE ENFERMEIROS NO CUIDADO ÀS PESSOAS EM PROCESSO DE FINITUDE
Authors: Gonçalves de Lima Lopes Matheus Felipe , Tenório de Melo Yasmim Simão , Carneiro de Lucena Santos Maria Willyanne , Lopes Oliveira Diego Augusto , Sá Barreto Maciel Ana Maria 
Published: July 2020

Introdução: Não há como negar que a morte constitui uma realidade comum nos hospitais, especialmente em setores como as Unidades de Terapia Intensiva (UTI). Apesar da morte fazer parte do ciclo natural da vida, os profissionais de Enfermagem, geralmente, não são adequadamente preparados para lidar com ela, o que muitas vezes gera sentimentos de sofrimento. Durante a formação acadêmica o tema morte é pouco abordado e o profissional é incentivado a acreditar que somente a cura e a recuperação do paciente são características de um bom cuidado. Objetivo: Conhecer e explorar as vivências emocionais pregressas dos enfermeiros perante a finitude/morte e o processo de morrer em cuidados intensivos. Método: Trata-se de um estudo exploratório, descritivo de abordagem qualitativa. Utilizou-se como instrumento um questionário semiestruturado contendo 4 perguntas abertas. Foram entrevistados 10 profissionais enfermeiros que fazem parte do quadro de funcionários da Unidade de um Hospital do Agreste de Pernambuco. Resultados: Os resultados apontaram que a maior parte dos entrevistados referiu como sentimento negativo a tristeza diante do paciente em finitude, e como sentimento positivo compaixão. A principal dificuldade perante o doente em finitude foi a ausência de protocolos que definem e dão continuidade ao cuidado paliativo. O conforto como objetivo para aliviar a dor e sofrimento foi elencado como principal método para lidar com paciente em finitude. Constatando-se ainda o despreparo dos enfermeiros na graduação perante o processo de morrer. Conclusões: As vivências dos enfermeiros perante a finitude podem causar adoecimento, visto que ainda se predomina sentimentos negativos na assistência, fato que pode ser explicado pela falta de preparação durante a graduação para lidar com a finitude/morte. Ainda há barreiras para implementar o CP nas UTIs, e associado a isto se tem a falta de profissionais enfermeiros com a compreensão da sua participação nas decisões da implementação dos cuidados paliativos.
Palavras-Chave: Enfermagem; Morte; Cuidados Paliativos; Unidades de Terapia Intensiva.
Honey Against Radiation-induced Oral Mucositis in Head and Neck Cancer Patients. An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta- Analyses of the Literature
Authors: Gkantaifi Areti , Alongi Filippo , Vardas Emmanouil , Cuccia Francesco , Hajiioannou Jiannis , Kyrodimos Efthymios , Christopoulos Christos , Mauri Davide , Charalampakis Nikolaos , Trogkanis Nikolaos , Tsoukalas Nikolaos , Iliadis George , Tolia Maria 
Published: July 2020

Backround:
Oral mucositis (OM) consists of a major side effect of radiotherapy (RT) in
head and neck (H-N) cancer patients and natural honey is gaining more and more scientific interest
due to its beneficial effects in tissue repair.

Objective:
The aim of this review is to better clarify the preventive/therapeutic role of honey in the
management of OM in patients with H-N cancer undergoing RT with or without chemotherapy (CT).

Methods:
We used the PubMed database to retrieve journal articles and the inclusion criteria were
only reviews and meta-analyses that illustrated the effective use of honey for either the prevention
or treatment of OM in H-N cancer patients receiving either RT alone or in combination with CT.

Results:
Our search resulted in 92 citations, of which 12 eventually fulfilled the inclusion criteria
of our study. Decreased incidence and severity of OM, extended time of occurrence of mucositis,
less weight loss and less treatment interruptions were occasionally documented with conventional
honey use in the included reviews and meta-analyses. In contrast to conventional honey, manuka
honey proved to be weak in improving OM management in the small number of included reviews
in our search.

Conclusion:
Conventional honey might constitute a highly promising natural product against OM
attracting much scientific interest due to its easy accessibility and low financial cost. Hence, the
lack of studies with high evidence requires further advanced research to enhance the existing
knowledge about the potential value of honey in radiation-induced OM in H-N cancer patients.
An Overview of Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Global Havoc
Authors: Dar Zahid , Chauhan Lucky , Chauhan Monika , Kaur Navpreet , Kaur Tanzeer , Dhingra Neelima 
Published: July 2020

:
The world has been pushed to the edge of a precipice commonly been addressed to as
Coronavirus S (SARS-CoV2), one of the world’s most widespread viral pandemic in recent times. Many
studies are underway and investigating the new role of existing drugs, exploring the safety and efficacy
of recently developed vaccines, after getting detailed insights into the behavioural characteristics of
SARS-CoV2. Presently supportive and symptomatic treatment, along with practices like disease surveillance,
contact tracing, and early diagnosis may help control the future of COVID-19 outbreaks. An effort
has been made to compile the information about coronavirus; its clinical manifestations, differential
diagnosis, preventive aspects, and therapeutic options as a review.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF AUDIO VISUAL AS LEARNING MEDIA WITH THE THEME OF MY RESIDENCE AREA ON THE 4TH GRADE STUDENTS AT SDN KEPATIHAN 01 JEMBER
Authors: Oktaria Eris , Fitriyah Chumi , Finnaly Zetty 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis research was conducted in class IV of Kepatihan Elementary School 01 Jember with 38 research subjects. The purpose of this study is to describe the process and find out the results of the development of audio visual as learning media with the theme of my residence area on the 4th grade students at SDN Kepatihan 01 Jember. This type of research is research and development. This development research uses ADDIE model type (Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). The data analysis technique in this study used a validation sheet of audio visual learning media by the media expert validator and the material expert validator, and student learning outcomes assessment sheets and student responses. The results of the research data analysis showed the effectiveness of the results of the validation carried out by the two validators obtained results of 81,7 while the results obtained from the student learning outcomes test were 94,7% and student responses amounted to 73,7% so that it can be concluded that the audio visual learning media has very fasible and effective criteria try out. Keywords: audio visual media, effectiveness of learning outcomes and responses
Fostering Independent Learning of English Verb Tense, Aspect and Voice Forms at the Tertiary Level
Authors: Apse Vineta , Farneste Monta 
Published: July 2020

The prior research on typical errors in student tests on tenses (Apse and Farneste, 2014) demonstrated that first-year undergraduates who were majoring in modern languages and business encountered such problems as distinction between the verb-aspect forms, which were followed by the verb tense forms and the combination of both. Although students had studied English as a Foreign Language for almost ten years, they still could not distinguish between the use of the present and past tenses in the given context. One of the reasons for student problems was insufficient practice of independent learning. Thus, the present study was focusing on designing exercises which were related to the content and the skills required for the completion of the study programme and which could foster developing independent study skills. The research was a case study. Undergraduate students from full-time studies (22 students) were selected. The results of the pre-test-post-test design showed that doing the selftest and several practice exercises helped students to improve the use of verb forms. The views collected with the help of a questionnaire survey revealed that half of the students considered useful the provided self-test, and they had retaken it before the final test in class, but only few of the students had also done the electronically available additional exercises for self-study.