bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effects of uncertainty shocks on global housing markets
Authors: Chien Mei-Se , Setyowati Nur 
Published: June 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to investigate how different uncertainty shocks affect international housing prices.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors set up a model of housing price instability with four uncertainty variables and apply the panel generalized method of moments method and quantile regression to estimate the linear and non-linear linkages among the variables based on data of 56 countries from 2001Q1 to 2018Q2.

Findings
Some empirical findings are as follows. Higher macroeconomic uncertainty and global economic policy risk increase housing price instability, whereas greater financial uncertainty and geopolitical risk present reverse effect. Four uncertainty variables are good signals for housing price changes in Asia, and geopolitical risk takes leading role in Europe. Macroeconomic uncertainty positively impacts housing price instability only at a low or middle level in all regions, as financial uncertainty, global economic policy uncertainty and geopolitical risk effects in all regions are smaller at the middle or high level of housing price instability; this confirms the existence of non-linear correlation between each variable.

Originality/value
The findings help investors and policymakers gain a better notion of housing price instability and control into uncertainty signal that could cause housing price instability crash.
Creditors' governance, information asymmetry and debt diversification: evidence from India
Authors: Jadiyappa Nemiraja , Sisodia Garima , Joseph Anto , Shrivastsava Santosh , Jyothi Pavana 
Published: June 2020

PurposeThe governing role of bank-appointed directors (BADs) on the boards of non-financial firms has a potential to reduce information asymmetry between the firm and non-bank lenders. This should increase the confidence of other creditors in firm activities, thus performing the certification role. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to empirically examine the certification role of BADs.Design/methodology/approachThe authors test their hypotheses by using a panel of Indian non-financial firms. Our approach involves examining whether there is a significant difference in the number of different debt sources, the dispersion of debt among different debt sources, and leverage for BAD and Non_BAD Firms. The authors use univariate analysis and multivariate regression models to test the difference.FindingsThe authors find that firms with BADs on their board have (1) access to a higher number of different debt sources, (2) debt distributed evenly among different sources and (3) a higher debt ratio. Overall, our study provides supporting evidence for the certification role that BADs play on the boards of non-financial firms.Originality/valueThe authors contribute to the literature in two aspects. First, to the best of our knowledge, this is the only study that examines the effect of the governing role of banks on the lending decisions of non-bank lenders. Second, our study is associated with the growing body of the governance literature in the emerging markets context by examining the interaction of financial policies and governance in an institutional framework, which is very different from that of the developed world.
Economic policy uncertainty, R&D expenditures and innovation outputs
Authors: Tajaddini Reza , Gholipour Hassan F. 
Published: June 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between the news-based economic policy uncertainty (EPU), research and development (R&D) expenditures per capita and innovation outputs.Design/methodology/approachData from 1996 to 2015 for 19 countries (Australia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, France, Germany, India, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, Russia, Singapore, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, the United Kingdom and the United States) are used. The authors apply country and year fixed-effects models for the estimations.FindingsThe study findings show that higher levels of EPU are positively associated with higher R&D expenditures per capita as well as innovation outputs (patent applications, patent grants and trademark applications).Practical implicationsThis study deepens our understanding on the policy uncertainty–economic activities nexus and expands the literature on uncertainty, which is still at an initial phase of development, leading to generate a variety of open research questions for further investigation and study (Bloom, 2014).Originality/valueThere has not been an empirical investigation on the links between EPU and R&D expenditures and innovation outputs across several countries. The authors address this gap in the literature.
Knowledge management: does gender matter? A systematic review of literature
Authors: Heisig Peter , Kannan Selvi 
Published: June 2020

PurposeThis paper aims to review for the first time existing research literature about the role of gender in creating, sharing and using knowledge in organizations and proposes a conceptual framework to guide future research directions.Design/methodology/approachBased on the systematic literature review method this study collects, synthesizes and analyses articles related to knowledge management (KM) and gender published in online databases by following a pre-defined review protocol. The paper analyses 41 papers published in peer-reviewed journals.FindingsThe role of gender in KM has been rarely addressed in KM journals and journals with specific emphasis on gender. The existing literature is fragmented, but existing research suggests that knowledge sharing might be influenced by gender. Based on the analysis and synthesis, a conceptual framework is proposed to guide further research on determining if gender matters in KM.Research limitations/implicationsAcademic researchers should aim to include gender-related variables into their KM research to further explore if gender matters in KM.Practical implicationsThe practical implication suggests that managers and knowledge managers should raise awareness about how stereotypes and gendered expectations about role behaviour affect how knowledge and experiences are created and shared within the organization.Social implicationsThe authors believe that a better understanding of knowledge handling and gendered role expectations at the workplace could also have an impact beyond organizational boundaries.Originality/valueThe paper presents the first comprehensive systematic literature review of the article published on knowledge creation, sharing and usage and gender and provides a conceptual framework for future research.
How does political skill lead to job and organization engagement? Role of self-evaluations
Authors: Basit Ameer A. 
Published: June 2020

PurposePolitical skill is a valued resource employees use to achieve success. Earlier research has mostly focused on the effect of political skill on others rather than on the self of the politically skilled individuals. Specifically, there is disconnect between political skill and employee engagement research as both these fields have been growing in isolation. Drawing from theories of engagement and conservation of resources, this study bridges this gap in knowledge by investigating how political skill leads to job and organization engagement of politically skilled employees via impacting their self-evaluations of organization-based self-esteem (OBSE) and organizational identification.Design/methodology/approachUsing a survey method, data were obtained from 188 employees who worked in three private schools of Lahore, Pakistan. Structural equation modeling was used to test the proposed model.FindingsThis study found that individuals who used political skill by practicing social astuteness, interpersonal influence, networking and sincerity rated themselves high in OBSE and organizational identification. As a consequence, high OBSE enhanced their job engagement, whereas high organizational identification increased their organization engagement.Originality/valueThis study is one of the first studies to present political skill as a driver of job and organization engagement. It reveals that the self-evaluations of OBSE and organizational identification mediate the political skill–engagement relations in unique manners.
Using plant leaders' perspectives to overcome barriers to inter-plant exchange
Authors: Wiech Michael , Friedli Thomas 
Published: June 2020

PurposeThis paper sets out to identify barriers to intra-network exchange within international manufacturing networks (IMNs) from the micro-level perspective of key actors at the plant level, namely, plant leaders.Design/methodology/approachData were collected through interviews with 12 plant leaders from nine different firms operating in at least three geographically dispersed manufacturing facilities.FindingsSix partially interrelated barriers to intra-network exchange were identified. First, there are a lack of resources, network strategies, plant overlap and individual-level ties between plant leaders. Furthermore, this study shows that the pronounced local focus of plant leaders, fierce inter-plant competition and falsely designed incentives constitute barriers to inter-plant exchange. The results underline the need for network management to consider the individual-level perspective when designing rules and policies for IMNs.Research limitations/implicationsThe generalisability of the results is limited by the sample, which consists of plant leaders from firms headquartered in German-speaking areas.Practical implicationsThe findings indicate that network managers should consider the interests and concerns of plant leaders when trying to facilitate network thinking. In addition to delayering the overall IMN into distinct subnetworks of peer plants, network managers should set clear and openly communicated objectives in a mission for each subnetwork that also points to inter-plant exchange and provides the resources for such activities. Practitioners should also apply shared objectives for plant leaders and promote individual-level ties between them to benefit from intra-network exchange.Originality/valueBy analysing the perceptions of plant leaders, this study sheds light on the individual level of global operations, which has been neglected in research on IMNs to date.
Life cycle cost analysis of a computerized numerical control machine tool: a case study from Indian manufacturing industry
Authors: Patil Rajkumar Bhimgonda , Kothavale Basavraj S. , Waghmode Laxman Yadu , Pecht Michael 
Published: June 2020

PurposeLife cycle cost (LCC) analysis is one of the key parameters in designing a sustainable product or system. The application of life cycle costing in the manufacturing industries is still limited due to several factors. Lack of understanding of LCC analysis methodologies is one of the key barriers. This paper presents a generalized framework for LCC analysis of repairable systems using reliability and maintainability principles.Design/methodology/approachThe developed LCC analysis framework and stochastic point processes are applied for the analysis of a typical computerized numerical control turning center (CNCTC) and governing equations for acquisition cost, operation cost, failure cost, support cost and net salvage value are developed. The LCC of the CNCTC is evaluated for the renewal process (RP) and minimal repair process (MRP) approach.FindingsThe LCC analysis of the CNCTC reveals that, the acquisition cost is only 7.59% of the LCC, whereas the operation, failure and support costs dominate and contribute nearly 93% of the LCC. The LCC per day for RP requires additional US$ 1.03 than that for MRP. The detailed LCC analysis of the CNCTC identifies the critical components of CNCTC and these components are: spindle motor, spindle motor cooling fan, spindle belt, drawbar, spindle bearing, oil seals, hydraulic hose, solenoid valve, tool holder, lubrication pump motor system, lubrication hose, coolant pump motor system, coolant hose, supply cables, drive battery.Originality/valueThe developed framework of LCC of a repairable system can be applied to any other repairable systems with the appropriate modifications. LCC analysis of CNCTC reveals that the procurement decision of a product or system should be based on LCC and not only on the acquisition cost. The optimum utilization of consumables such as cutting tools, coolant, oil and lubricant can save operation cost. Thus, use of high-efficiency electric motors and the usage of recommended consumables can prolong the life of several components of a system. Therefore, due consideration and attention to these parameters at product design stage itself will decrease failure and support cost and ultimately its LCC.
Determinants and dimensions of the shift in Turkish behavior towards northern Syria since 2016
Authors: Gadelmola Mona Soliman 
Published: June 2020

Purpose
The escalation of Turkish intervention in Arab internal affairs before and after the revolutions of the Arab Spring, particularly the military intervention. Sometimes Ankara threatens with military intervention and sometimes establishes large military bases in Arab countries: Qatar, Somalia and Iraq. Moreover, it carries out extensive military operations within the borders of some Arab countries such as Iraq and Syria. This type of behavior requires a study that takes into consideration the reasons of such behavior and future implications on the relations between the Arab and Turkish parties.

Design/methodology/approach
The theoretical framework of the study will follow neorealism, as the basis for understanding Turkish pragmatic foreign policy adopted in managing its international relations and interests with various countries.

Findings
The situation in Afrin after a year of Turkish occupation confirms this. Erdogan may not go ahead with a new military operation in east Euphrates and northern Syria. He may prefer instead he may deem it better to control the safe area in the north through the revival of the agreement of Adana of 1998. However, Turkey's desire to control northern Syria, which represents a quarter of the country, faces tough resistance of Turkish groups, Russian-Syrian rejection and European-American resentment. Control of the Syrian north may be subject to concessions and consensus among these powers without excluding any of them.

Research limitations/implications
States in the international system, such as companies in the local economy, have the same main interest: that’s survival. It is worth noting that Waltz’s neorealistic theory cannot be applied to domestic national politics. It cannot contribute to the development of state policies relating to its international and internal affairs. His theory only helps to explain the reason behind the similar behavior of countries despite having different forms of governments and diversity of political ideologies. It also explains why the comprehensive international relations have not changed despite the growing decentralization of these countries.

Originality/value
How does neorealism explain Turkish military intervention in Syria since 2016?
High haplotype diversity with fine‐scale structure in a recently established population of an endangered orchid
Authors: Duffy Karl J. , Cafasso Donata , Ren Ming‐Xun , Cozzolino Salvatore 
Published: June 2020

AbstractNew populations of endangered plants may establish outside of protected areas if a suitable habitat becomes available. However, it is unclear whether such populations are genetically uniform, as a result of a founder effect, or whether they contain genetic variation resulting from continuous gene flow from source populations, and subsequent recruitment after establishment. We addressed this by examining haplotype variation in the endangered orchid, Anacamptis robusta, which has formed a new population outside of its protected area within the past 20 years. To assess population growth, the number of A. robusta flowering plants were counted every year for 22 years in both the new population and populations within the reserve. Haplotype diversity and fine‐scale structure were examined with spatial autocorrelation analysis, both in the new population and representative populations from the protected area. The number of flowering individuals in the new population increased from 9 to 2,277 between 2003 and 2012, whereas within the reserve flowering population sizes varied between years. Seventeen of 23 haplotypes detected for A. robusta were detected in the new population, with seven of these occurring more frequently in the new population than reserve populations. In the new population, there was strong fine‐scale spatial structure of haplotypes, similar to patterns found in large populations from the protected area, suggesting multiple colonization events and subsequent local recruitment. This highlights that ongoing demographic and genetic monitoring of plant populations is vital to improve our understanding of population colonization and the conservation of narrow endemics.
Maternal transmission of SARS‐COV‐2 to the neonate, and possible routes for such transmission: a systematic review and critical analysis
Authors: Walker KF , O'Donoghue K , Grace N , Dorling J , Comeau JL , Li W , Thornton JG 
Published: June 2020

BackgroundEarly reports of COVID‐19 in pregnancy described management by caesarean, strict isolation of the neonate and formula feeding. Is this practice justified?ObjectiveTo estimate the risk of the neonate becoming infected with SARS‐CoV‐2 by mode of delivery, type of infant feeding and mother‐infant interaction.Search strategyTwo biomedical databases were searched between September 2019 and June 2020.Selection criteriaCase reports or case series of pregnant women with confirmed COVID‐19, where neonatal outcomes were reported.Data collection and analysisData were extracted on mode of delivery, infant infection status, infant feeding and mother–infant interaction. For reported infant infection, a critical analysis was performed to evaluate the likelihood of vertical transmission.Main resultsForty nine studies included information on mode of delivery and infant infection status for 655 women and 666 neonates. In all, 28/666 (4%) tested positive postnatally. Of babies born vaginally, 8/292 (2.7%) tested positivecompared with 20/374 (5.3%) born by Caesarean. Information on feeding and baby separation were often missing, but of reported breastfed babies 7/148 (4.7%) tested positive compared with 3/56 (5.3%) for reported formula fed ones. Of babies reported as nursed with their mother 4/107 (3.7%) tested positive, compared with 6/46 (13%) for those who were reported as isolated.ConclusionsNeonatal COVID‐19 infection is uncommon, rarely symptomatic, and the rate of infection is no greater when the baby is born vaginally, breastfed or remains with the mother.Tweetable abstractRisk of neonatal infection with COVID‐19 by delivery route, infant feeding and mother‐baby interaction.
Detection of toxins involved in foodborne diseases caused by Gram‐positive bacteria
Authors: Rajkovic Andreja , Jovanovic Jelena , Monteiro Silvia , Decleer Marlies , Andjelkovic Mirjana , Foubert Astrid , Beloglazova Natalia , Tsilla Varvara , Sas Benedikt , Madder Annemieke , De Saeger Sarah , Uyttendaele Mieke 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBacterial toxins are food safety hazards causing about 10% of all reported foodborne outbreaks in Europe. Pertinent to Gram‐positive pathogens, the most relevant toxins are emetic toxin and diarrheal enterotoxins ofBacillus cereus, neurotoxins ofClostridium botulinum, enterotoxin ofClostridium perfringens, and a family of enterotoxins produced byStaphylococcus aureusand some other staphylococci. These toxins are the most important virulence factors of respective foodborne pathogens and a primary cause of the related foodborne diseases. They are proteins or peptides that differ from each other in their size, structure, toxicity, toxicological end points, solubility, and stability, types of food matrix to which they are mostly related to. These differences influence the characteristics of required detection methods. Therefore, detection of these toxins in food samples, or detection of toxin production capacity in the bacterial isolate, remains one of the cornerstones of microbial food analysis and an essential tool in understanding the relevant properties of these toxins. Advanced research has led into new insights of the incidence of toxins, mechanisms of their production, their physicochemical properties, and their toxicological mode of action and dose‐response profile. This review focuses on biological, immunological, mass spectrometry, and molecular assays as the most commonly used detection and quantification methods for toxins ofB. cereus, C. botulinum, C. perfringens, andS. aureus. Gathered and analyzed information provides a comprehensive blueprint of the existing knowledge on the principles of these assays, their application in food safety, limits of detection and quantification, matrices in which they are applicable, and type of information they provide to the user.
Genomic basis of environmental adaptation in the leathery sea squirt (Styela clava)
Authors: Wei Jiankai , Zhang Jin , Lu Qiongxuan , Ren Ping , Guo Xin , Wang Jing , Li Xiang , Chang Yaoguang , Duan Shuai , Wang Shi , Yu Haiyan , Zhang Xiaoming , Yang Xiuxia , Gao Hongwei , Dong Bo 
Published: June 2020

AbstractTunicates occupy the evolutionary position at the boundary of invertebrates and vertebrates. It exhibits adaptation to broad environmental conditions and is distributed globally. Despite hundreds of years of embryogenesis studies, the genetic basis of the invasive habits of ascidians remains largely unknown. The leathery sea squirt, Styela clava, is an important invasive species. We used the chromosomal‐level genome and transcriptome of S. clava to explore its genomic‐ and molecular‐network‐based mechanisms of adaptation to environments. Compared with Ciona intestinalis type A (C. robusta), the size of the S. clava genome was expanded by 2‐fold, although the gene number was comparable. An increase in transposon number and variation in dominant types were identified as potential expansion mechanisms. In the S. clava genome, the number of genes encoding the heat‐shock protein 70 family and members of the complement system was expanded significantly, and cold‐shock protein genes were transferred horizontally into the S. clava genome from bacteria. The expanded gene families potentially play roles in the adaptation of S. clava to its environments. The loss of key genes in the galactan synthesis pathway might explain the distinct tunic structure and hardness compared with the ascidian Ciona species. We demonstrated further that the integrated thyroid hormone pathway participated in the regulation of larval metamorphosis that provides S. clava with two opportunities for adapting to their environment. Thus, our report of the chromosomal‐level leathery sea squirt genome provides a comprehensive genomic basis for the understanding of environmental adaptation in tunicates.