bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extraterritoriality
Authors: Bignami Francesca , Resta Giorgio 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This chapter argues that the competing American ballot-box and European fundamental rights paradigms of regulatory law have marked the specific domain of digital regulation. These regulatory paradigms and their associated state interests are projected extraterritorially through the market power of Silicon Valley, on the one hand, and the privacy rights of EU regulators, on the other hand. This chapter also analyses recent developments in the EU, where there is now a state effort to create digital markets and, relatedly, an emerging preference for some data localization to promote both fundamental rights and economic and security interests. In China, we observe the emergence of a layered form of digital regulation: at the deepest level is state control of digital infrastructure, industry actors, and civil society users; layered on top is an attempt to improve the position of consumers through both digital platform regulation and competition law applied to the largest oligopolies. As a result, the earlier Chinese strategy of data localization is now complemented by a bureaucratically controlled form of extraterritorial engagement.
The transcription factors ERF105 and NAC72 regulate expression of a sugar transporter gene and hexose accumulation in grape
Authors: Lu Lizhen , Delrot Serge , Fan Peige , Zhang Zhan , Wu Die , Dong Fengqin , García-Caparros Pedro , Li Shaohua , Dai Zhanwu , Liang Zhenchang 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Sugar transport plays a pivotal role in determining the productivity of plants and their capacity to act as carbon sinks. In the major fruit crop grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.), the transporter gene V. vinifera Sugars Will Eventually be Exported Transporter 15 (VvSWEET15) is strongly expressed during berry ripening. However, the specific functions of VvSWEET15 and the mechanisms governing its transcriptional regulation remain largely unresolved. Here, we demonstrate that VvSWEET15 functions as a hexose transporter whose expression is associated with the strong sugar accumulation that starts at the véraison stage. We also characterize VvERF105 as a repressor that binds to the LTR-binding element in the VvSWEET15 promoter, thereby downregulating its expression and inhibiting hexose accumulation at the prevéraison stage. In contrast, VvNAC72 is an activator that binds to the VvNAC72-binding domain (CACATG) and promotes VvSWEET15 expression and hexose accumulation at postvéraison stages. Both transcription factors and VvSWEET15 are preferentially expressed in phloem cells. These results demonstrate that the balance between transcriptional activators and repressors is critical in regulating VvSWEET15 expression in sink organs. Further understanding of these processes will help improve plant productivity and their potential to be used as carbon sinks.
The GTE4–EML chromatin reader complex concurrently recognizes histone acetylation and H3K4 trimethylation in Arabidopsis
Authors: Qian Feng , Zhao Qiang-Qiang , Zhou Jin-Xing , Yuan Dan-Yang , Liu Zhen-Zhen , Su Yin-Na , Li Lin , Chen She , He Xin-Jian 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Histone acetylation and H3K4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) are associated with active transcription. However, how they cooperate to regulate transcription in plants remains largely unclear. Our study revealed that GLOBAL TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR GROUP E 4 (GTE4) binds to acetylated histones and forms a complex with the functionally redundant H3K4me3-binding EMSY-like proteins EML1 or EML2 (EML1/2) in Arabidopsis thaliana. The eml1 eml2 (eml1/2) double mutant exhibits a similar morphological phenotype to gte4, and most of the differentially expressed genes in gte4 were coregulated in eml1/2. Through chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by deep sequencing, we found that GTE4 and EML2 co-occupy protein-coding genes enriched with both histone acetylation and H3K4me3, exerting a synergistic effect on the association of the GTE4–EML complex with chromatin. The association of GTE4 with chromatin requires both its bromodomain and EML-interacting domain. This study identified a complex and uncovered how it concurrently recognizes histone acetylation and H3K4me3 to facilitate gene transcription at the whole-genome level in Arabidopsis.
Polar localization and local translation of RHO-RELATED PROTEIN FROM PLANTS2 mRNAs promote root hair growth in Arabidopsis
Authors: Li Yuanyuan , Zhu Sirui 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Root hairs are tip-growing cells that anchor plants in the soil and are critical for water uptake, nutrient acquisition, and plant–environment interactions. While the molecular mechanisms that maintain the polar growth of root hairs through the asymmetric distribution of proteins, such as RHO-RELATED PROTEIN FROM PLANTS 2 (ROP2), have been described, it is unclear whether and how the transcripts encoding these tip-localized proteins are polarly localized and locally translated. Here, we demonstrated that ROP2 mRNA exhibits polar localization in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) root hairs. We showed that region VI (250–350 bp downstream of the stop codon) of the ROP2 3′ untranslated region (UTR) is necessary for proper mRNA localization. Moreover, region VI-mediated ROP2 mRNA polar localization was required for local translation of ROP2 transcripts, contributing to the proper subcellular localization of ROP2. Region III (100–200 bp downstream of the stop codon) influenced the local translation of ROP2 mRNA. Phenotypic investigations demonstrated that both regions III and VI of the ROP2 3′ UTR play crucial roles in modulating root hair growth. These findings help explain the local protein biosynthesis of ROP2, advancing our understanding of the regulatory mechanism and genetic basis of mRNA localization and local translation in plants.
Association between diabetes mellitus and fetal and maternal outcomes during and after pregnancy—a nationwide study
Authors: Neupane Binita , Karki Sunita , Sharma Monica , Farooq Umer 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) affects both the mother and fetus during and after pregnancy. Multiple studies have shown the prognostic impact of DM on maternal and fetal outcomes, but studies at the national level are limited. Therefore, we aimed to conduct this nationwide study.

Materials and methods
This retrospective study used a Nationwide Inpatient Sample 2020 (NIS) using International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) codes for adult pregnant patients. STATA version MP14.2 was used mainly for analysis. We used Fischer's exact test to compare proportions, the student's t-test to compare continuous variables, and multivariate regression analysis to calculate the adjusted odds ratio.

Results
The total number of pregnant patients included in the study was 3 436 671; 36 350 (1.05%) had DM. Patients with DM had longer hospital lengths of stay than non-diabetic patients (3.93 days vs. 2.5 days, P &lt; .01). Other significant outcomes were higher cost of hospital stay ($37 079 vs. $23 371, P &lt; .01), preeclampsia (7.17% vs. 2.02%, P &lt; .01), intrauterine fetal death (0.63% vs. 0.13%, P &lt; .01), stillbirth (2.89% vs. 0.75%, P &lt; .01), gestational hypertension (7.07% vs. 3.07%, P &lt; .01) and preterm labor (5.8% vs. 1.94%, P &lt; .01). There were no differences in the two groups regarding pre-existing hypertension, abortion, large for gestational age, eclampsia, placenta previa, abruptio placenta, postpartum anemia, prolonged labor, intrapartum, and postpartum hemorrhage. We conducted a trend analysis from 2016 to 2020 for mortality, length of stay, total charges, and significant maternal and fetal outcomes.

Conclusion
DM is associated with greater maternal and fetal adverse outcomes, resource utilization, and length of stay.
In People with Subacute Mild Traumatic Brain Injury, earlier Physical Therapy Improved Symptoms at a Faster Rate than Later Physical Therapy: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Campbell Kody R , Antonellis Prokopios , Peterka Robert J , Wilhelm Jennifer L , Scanlan Kathleen T , Pettigrew Natalie C , Chen Siting , Parrington Lucy , Fino Peter C , Chesnutt James C , Horak Fay B , Hullar Timothy E , King Laurie A 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Importance
There is unclear evidence on when to initiate physical therapy after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) in non-athlete, adult population.

Objective
The objective of this study was to investigate physical therapy timing after mTBI through changes in patient-reported and clinically-assessed tools and objective and mechanism measurements of sensorimotor balance control.

Design
This study was an investigator-blinded randomized control trial (NCT03479541).

Setting
The study took place at an academic research center.

Participants
Two hundred and three participants were randomized to earlier physical therapy (n = 82) or to later physical therapy (n = 121).

Intervention
After enrollment, the earlier physical therapy group started rehabilitation within 1 week and the later group started rehabilitation after a 6-week wait period. All participants received similar rehabilitation; 6-week program administered and progressed by licensed physical therapists.

Main Outcomes and Measures
The primary outcome was the Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI). Secondary outcomes included common patient-reported/clinical assessments of mTBI and objective/mechanism measurements of balance, including novel measures of central sensorimotor integration. Differences between and within the groups on outcomes were examined with linear mixed-effect models, t tests, and effect sizes.

Results
While both groups significantly improved and reached similar levels on patient-reported outcomes (DHI and secondary outcomes), the earlier physical therapy group had significantly larger and faster rates of improvement compared to later physical therapy. There were differential effects of physical therapy timing on the objective/mechanism-measured outcomes. Specifically, there were significant improvements in sensorimotor time delay for the earlier physical therapy group and no change in the later group. Further, the later group worsened in the motor activation components for balance control while there was no change in the early group.

Conclusion and Relevance
Earlier physical therapy after mTBI can improve symptoms at a faster rate relative to later physical therapy. Earlier physical therapy also showed improvements in sensorimotor aspects of balance control, not seen in the later group. There may be an important window to address central sensorimotor deficits after mTBI.
Systemic sclerosis–related fecal incontinence: a scoping review focusing on a neglected manifestation
Authors: Lescoat Alain , Zimmermann François , Murray Charles D , Khanna Dinesh , Hughes Michael , McMahan Zsuzsanna H 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objectives
This scoping review sought to summarize the current knowledge on the epidemiology, pathogenesis and clinical presentation of, and the investigations that may help characterize faecal incontinence (FI) in patients with SSc.

Methods
The planned scoping review was based on the methodological framework proposed by Arksey and O’Malley. Two databases were screened: PubMed (Medline), (Web of Science), and data extraction was performed using a predefined template.

Results
A total of 454 abstracts were screened and 61 articles were finally included, comprising 32 original articles. The prevalence of FI was 0.4% to 77% in original articles that did not use FI among the mandatory inclusion criteria. Internal anal sphincter was reported as more impacted than external sphincter and vasculopathy of arterioles and extracellular matrix deposition with fibrous replacement of the internal sphincter were the key underlaying pathogenic events. The most represented patient-reported outcome in original articles was the Wexner FI score (22% of original articles) followed by the UCLA SCTC-GIT 2.0 (16% of original articles). Although there is no validated diagnostic approach for FI in SSc, 47% of original articles used anorectal manometry to assess rectal physiology in SSc patients. Conservative measures to treat either liquid or hard stool including anti-diarrhoeal medications and dietary adjustments were the first step of proposed FI management in included narrative reviews and guidelines.

Conclusion
This is the first scoping review exploring FI in SSc. We propose a new research agenda which may help improve treatment strategies and foster research focusing on a neglected manifestation of SSc.
Transforming growth factor-beta is increased in sputum from individuals with rheumatoid arthritis-associated pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Wilson Timothy M , Bolt Matthew , Stahly Andrew , Lee Joyce S , Bang Tami J , Sachs Peter B , Deane Kevin D , Humphries Stephen M , Solomon Joshua J , Demoruelle M Kristen 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Interstitial lung disease (ILD) develops in 5–10% of patients with RA and contributes significantly to morbidity and mortality, particularly in those with a fibrotic phenotype. Yet, biomarkers to reliably identify RA patients with underlying pulmonary fibrosis are inadequate. Herein, we used sputum to identify lung-based biomarkers that distinguish RA patients with underlying pulmonary fibrosis and may better inform underlying pathogenesis in RA-ILD.

Methods
We included 37 RA patients with pulmonary fibrosis (RA-PF) and 30 RA patients without ILD (RA-no-ILD). Induced sputum and serum were tested for TGF-β levels by immunoassay. DNA was extracted to determine presence of the MUC5B ILD-risk allele (‘T’). High-resolution CT (HRCT) and pulmonary function tests (PFTs) were completed within 3 months of sputum collection and quantified to determine lung disease severity.

Results
Sputum TGF-β was significantly elevated in individuals with RA-PF compared with RA-no-ILD (P &lt; 0.001) and correlated with more fibrosis on HRCT (P = 0.005) and lower forced vital capacity (P = 0.006) and diffusion capacity of carbon monoxide (P = 0.044) on PFTs. Within RA-PF patients, sputum TGF-β was higher in those with the MUC5B ILD-risk genotype (GT/TT) (P = 0.038). There were no differences in serum levels of TGF-β between groups.

Conclusion
We demonstrate that sputum levels of TGF-β are significantly elevated in individuals with RA-PF, correlate with lung disease severity, and are elevated in those with the MUC5B ILD-risk polymorphism. These findings could identify novel approaches to ILD screening in RA and potential targeted therapeutic strategies for RA-ILD.
Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonism prevents coronary microvascular dysfunction in intermittent hypoxia independent of blood pressure
Authors: Badran Mohammad , Khalyfa Abdelnaby , Bailey Chastidy A , Gozal David , Bender Shawn B 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Study Objectives
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), is characterized by intermittent hypoxia (IH), and is associated with increased cardiovascular mortality that may not be reduced by standard therapies. Inappropriate activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system occurs in IH, and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) blockade has been shown to improve vascular outcomes in cardiovascular disease. Thus, we hypothesized that MR inhibition prevents coronary and renal vascular dysfunction in mice exposed to chronic IH.

Methods
Human and mouse coronary vascular cells and male C57BL/6J mice were exposed to IH or room air (RA) for 12 hours/day for 3 days (in vitro) and 6 weeks with or without treatments with spironolactone (SPL) or hydrochlorothiazide (HTZ).

Results
In vitro studies demonstrated that IH increased MR gene expression in human and mouse coronary artery endothelial and smooth muscle cells. Exposure to IH in mice increased blood pressure, reduced coronary flow velocity reserve (CFVR), attenuated endothelium-dependent dilation, and enhanced vasoconstrictor responsiveness in coronary, but not renal arteries. Importantly, SPL treatment prevented altered coronary vascular function independent of blood pressure as normalization of BP with HTZ did not improve CFVR or coronary vasomotor function.

Conclusions
These data demonstrate that chronic IH, which mimics the hypoxia-reoxygenation cycles of moderate-to-severe OSA, increases coronary vascular MR expression in vitro. It also selectively promotes coronary vascular dysfunction in mice. Importantly, this dysfunction is sensitive to MR antagonism by SPL, independent of blood pressure. These findings suggest that MR blockade could serve as an adjuvant therapy to improve long-term cardiovascular outcomes in patients with OSA.
Cognitive benefits of sleep: a narrative review to explore the relevance of glucose regulation
Authors: De Longis Evelina , Kassis Amira , Rémond-Derbez Noëla , Thota Rohith , Darimont Christian , Donato-Capel Laurence , Hudry Julie 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Sleep is essential for maintaining optimal health. Both sleep duration and quality have been linked to various physiological functions and physical and mental health outcomes. Nutrition has been shown to impact sleep parameters, from the nutrient composition of foods, such as tryptophan levels, to the physiological response to foods, such as the glucose response. However, the relationship between glycemic control and sleep, and its impact on next-day benefits, particularly on cognitive performance, remains complex and is not fully understood. This narrative review aims to explore the relationship between glycemia and sleep, and how it may affect cognitive performance the following day. The review includes data from observational and interventional studies, discussing mechanisms of action that may explain the modulating effect of glycemia on sleep and cognition. The evidence suggests that lower postprandial glucose and low variation of nocturnal glucose are associated with better sleep quality and shorter sleep onset latency. Good sleep quality, in turn, is positively associated with cognitive processes such as sustained attention and memory consolidation measured the next day after sleep. Future research opportunities lie in investigating the effects of modulating the glycemic and insulinemic responses through evening meals on sleep quality and next-day cognitive performance. Well-designed clinical trials involving healthy individuals are necessary to establish the effects of these interventions. Controlling glycemic and insulinemic profiles through the evening meal may have significant implications for improving sleep quality and cognitive performance, with potential impact on individual mental health, productivity, and overall well-being.
Adaptation of meaning-centered psychotherapy for healthcare providers to buffer work-induced distress and improve wellbeing
Authors: Rosa William E , Pessin Hayley , Gilliland Jaime , Behrens Mia R , Foxwell Anessa M , McAndrew Natalie S , Schlak Amelia E , Applebaum Allison J , Lichtenthal Wendy G , Saracino Rebecca M , Breitbart William , Roberts Kailey E 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Healthcare providers (HCPs) face high rates of distress, experienced as burnout, moral distress, compassion fatigue, and grief. HCPs are also experiencing a crisis in meaning whereby distress is associated with disconnection from meaning in work and, in turn, a lack of meaning in work can further perpetuate distress for HCPs. Although scalable systems-level solutions are needed to tackle multidimensional HCP distress, it is also necessary to address HCP suffering at individual, team, and institutional levels. Targeted interventions to alleviate HCP distress are limited. Meaning-centered psychotherapy (MCP), a brief, evidence-based, intervention first developed for persons with advanced cancer, holds promise to mitigate HCP distress. This study adapted MCP for HCPs through feedback from a multidisciplinary sample of clinicians trained in MCP and working in healthcare settings. A survey was distributed electronically between November and December 2023 to HCPs previously trained in MCP assessing quantitative and qualitative feedback on the appropriateness of MCP for HCPs, the relevance of MCP session topics and exercises, and implementation barriers and facilitators. Descriptive statistics on relevant participant ratings were calculated; a matrix analysis approach was used for qualitative data. Forty participants, primarily mental health providers, expressed that MCP principles were highly relevant for HCPs and offered key insights on appropriate intervention modifications, including the need for a primary focus on meaning in professional life, reduced intervention length, and delivery in group format. Feedback informed critical adjustments to promote appropriateness and acceptability of MCP-HCP which is poised for pilot testing to determine its feasibility and preliminary efficacy for HCPs.
Biochemical Alterations and Motor Dysfunctions in Corpus Striatum of Rats Brain Exposed to Azo Dyes
Authors: Biswas Pronit , Jain Juli , Hasan Whidul , Bose Devasish , Yadav Rajesh Singh 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Azo food dyes are prohibited in most countries, but their injudicious use is still reported particularly in the developing Nations. Continuous use of contaminated food raises health concerns and given this the present study designed to investigate the effects of 3 non-permitted azo dyes (metanil yellow - MY, malachite green - MG, and sudan III - SIII) on neurobehavioral, neurochemicals, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and histopathological changes in the corpus striatum of rats. Rats were grouped and treated with MY (430 mg/kg), MG (13.75 mg/kg), SIII (250 mg/kg) & mixture (YGR) (MY 143.33 + MG 4.52 + SIII 83.33 mg/kg) p.o. for 60 days showed a significant decrease in grip strength and motor activity, the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), monoamine oxidase - B (MAO-B), and mitochondrial complex I and II compared to the control. The treated groups showed a significant increase in lipid peroxidation and a decrease in the level of reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and catalase as compared to the control. Histopathology of the corpus striatum revealed immense damage. Data from the present study correlate between azo dyes and changes in the behavior of rats which have been associated with the altered biochemicals and neurochemicals activities. In conclusion, exposure to azo dyes caused neurotoxicity involving motor impairments associated with enhanced oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunctions, AChE and MAO-B inhibition, and neuronal damage in the corpus striatum of rats.