bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regional Injury Classification and Treatment of Open Pelvic Fractures
Authors: Wang Zheng‐hao , Li Kai‐nan 
Published: November 2019

ObjectivesTo propose the regional injury classification of open pelvic fracture and summarize the characteristics of its treatment.MethodsClinical data for 67 open pelvic fractures treated from January 2001 to December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 48 male and 19 female patients. The patients were aged from 12 to 68 years old, and their pelvic fractures were categorized according to Tile classification (type A: 23 cases; type B: 19 cases; type C: 25 cases). Main injury distribution: pubic perineum, 29 cases; ilioinguinal, 20 cases; and sacroiliac, 7 cases. There were 5 cases of ilioinguinal‐perineum and 6 cases of sacroiliac‐perineum injury. Based on the region of the injury, the mortality and combined injury of each group were observed. The relationship between regional injury groups and death was examined.ResultsFollowing active treatment, 28 patients died. The mortality rate was 41.8% (28/67), with 39 patients surviving. The average follow‐up time was 6 months (3 months to 1 year after discharge). Majeed pelvic fracture score: the score was excellent in 12 cases, good in 14 cases, fair in 9 cases, and poor in 4 cases; there was an excellent and good rate of 66.7%. Open pelvic fracture regional injury classification includes: the perineal type (type I); the ilioinguinal type (type II); the sacroiliac type (type III); and the composite type (type IV). All types were independent of each other, and the mortality of open pelvic fractures was positively correlated with this classification, with a correlation coefficient of 0.620 (P = 0.001 < 0.05; the difference was statistically significant). In this study, cystourethral injury, anorectal injury, and infection were the main combined injuries of type I. The type II and III injuries were mainly iliac vascular injuries. The main combined injuries of type IV were infection, injury of ilium vessels and its branches. There was a statistical difference among the combined injuries of each subtype (P = 0.001 < 0.05).ConclusionsThe criteria for regional classification were clear, the mortality of the four subtypes increased gradually, and the incidence of combined injury of each subtype varied. Each subtype had different therapeutic characteristics.
Evolving pediatric epidural practice: An institution's clinical experience over 20 years—A retrospective observational cohort study
Authors: Gupta Akhil , Jay Matthew A. , Williams Glyn 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesEpidural analgesia is an effective, established perioperative intervention in all age‐groups. In children, however, epidural‐related data are limited compared to the adult population. The aim of this study was to examine the use of pediatric epidural analgesia in our institution and, thereby, add to the existing data pool.MethodologyPatients who received epidural analgesia as part of their perioperative management between 1996 and 2016 at Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK, were studied to determine how epidural practice has changed over time, associated incidence of serious adverse events, complications, and patient/parent satisfaction. Epidural use and monitoring were in accordance with standard hospital protocols. Data were prospectively collected and entered into a secure database by trained personnel. These data were subsequently extracted for retrospective analysis.ResultsA total of 3876 patients were included. The median age was 4.4 years (range 1 day to 20 years), and the median weight was 20.3 kg. Across all age‐groups, the lumbar region was the most common site of epidural insertion while urology (42.2%) and general surgery (37.3%) were the specialities for which it was most utilized. Over the study period, the number of epidurals performed declined while the number of surgical procedures performed simultaneously increased. The infusate most commonly used was local anesthetic with preservative‐free morphine (71.9%). In 923 (23.2%) patients, systemic opioids were additionally used for analgesic management by means of patient‐controlled analgesia or nurse‐controlled analgesia. There was one serious adverse event in the form of permanent nerve injury, giving an overall incidence of approximately 1:3800. Other complications included postoperative nausea and vomiting (35.9%), urinary retention (4.4%), and pruritus (31%). Overall global satisfaction with the service was generally high, with 95% providing a rating of “very good” or “good.”ConclusionThis study evaluated two decades of epidural practice in our institution. Epidural analgesia remains a safe, effective option for postoperative analgesia, but its use has declined over time, and this trend is likely to continue. Rates of serious adverse events and complications were low and comparable to those published in other similar studies. Global satisfaction among patients/parents remains high.
The 18O‐signal transfer from water vapour to leaf water and assimilates varies among plant species and growth forms
Authors: Lehmann Marco M. , Goldsmith Gregory R. , Mirande‐Ney Cathleen , Weigt Rosemarie B. , Schönbeck Leonie , Kahmen Ansgar , Gessler Arthur , Siegwolf Rolf T.W. , Saurer Matthias 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe 18O signature of atmospheric water vapour (δ18OV) is known to be transferred via leaf water to assimilates. It remains, however, unclear how the 18O‐signal transfer differs among plant species and growth forms. We performed a 9‐hr greenhouse fog experiment (relative humidity ≥ 98%) with 18O‐depleted water vapour (−106.7‰) on 140 plant species of eight different growth forms during daytime. We quantified the 18O‐signal transfer by calculating the mean residence time of O in leaf water (MRTLW) and sugars (MRTSugars) and related it to leaf traits and physiological drivers. MRTLW increased with leaf succulence and thickness, varying between 1.4 and 10.8 hr. MRTSugars was shorter in C3 and C4 plants than in crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) plants and highly variable among species and growth forms; MRTSugars was shortest for grasses and aquatic plants, intermediate for broadleaf trees, shrubs, and herbs, and longest for conifers, epiphytes, and succulents. Sucrose was more sensitive to δ18OV variations than other assimilates. Our comprehensive study shows that plant species and growth forms vary strongly in their sensitivity to δ18OV variations, which is important for the interpretation of δ18O values in plant organic material and compounds and thus for the reconstruction of climatic conditions and plant functional responses.
Cross comparison of seminal plasma proteins from cattle and buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)
Authors: Codognoto Viviane Maria , Yamada Paulo Henrique , Schmith Rúbia Alves , Rydygier de Ruediger Felipe , de Paula Freitas‐Dell’Aqua Camila , de Souza Fabiana Ferreira , Brochine Suzane , do Carmo Lucas Monteiro , Vieira Andressa Filaz , Oba Eunice 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe objective of this study was to evaluate seminal plasma proteins from cattle and buffalo (Bubalus bubalis), to identify differences between related species. Sixteen buffaloes and 16 cattle between 30 and 60 months of age were used. Semen collection was performed by electroejaculation, followed by macroscopic and microscopic subjective analyses. After analysis, the samples were centrifuged at 800 g for 10 min, and the supernatant (seminal plasma) was recentrifuged at 10,000 g for 30 min at 4°C. The total protein concentration was determined by the Bradford method, and the proteins were digested in solution for mass spectrometry (nLC‐MS/MS). Multivariate statistical analysis was used to evaluate the proteomics results by non‐hierarchical clustering the considering exponentially modified protein abundance index (emPAI). Principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS‐DA) were used for clustering. Proteomics identified 78 proteins, and multivariate analysis showed 4 that were over‐expressed in buffaloes (cystatin C, prosaposin, peptide YY and keratin type II cytoskeletal 5) and 9 in cattle (spermadhesin‐1, seminal plasma protein PDC‐109, ribonuclease 4, metalloproteinase inhibitor 2, acrosin inhibitor 1, seminal ribonuclease, C‐type natriuretic peptide, angiogenin‐1 and osteopontin). Among the proteins identified in seminal plasma, the C‐type natriuretic peptide and metalloproteinase inhibitors were described for the first time in buffaloes. Some protease inhibitors were found over‐expressed in buffaloes, and important proteins in seminal plasma of cattle were not identified or were found at lower expression levels in buffaloes, which can contribute to reproductive performance in this species.
Improving management of type 2 diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidaemia in the Caribbean: a systematic review of intervention studies
Authors: Persaud‐Lachhman Marissa , Andall‐Brereton Glennis , Jaacks Lindsay M. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate published interventions aimed at improving the management of type 2 diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidaemia in the Caribbean.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review of four databases in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Inclusion criteria were conducted in the Caribbean among adults ≥ 18 years who had type 2 diabetes, hypertension or dyslipidaemia; controlled trials, interventions, or comparative studies with pre‐post designs and reported on at least one of the clinical outcomes of interest.ResultsSeventeen studies met the criteria for inclusion. The majority were conducted in Cuba and Trinidad and Tobago, and 35% were conducted over 10 years ago. Samples were small and largely consisted of older adult females and patients with type 2 diabetes. Four of eight (50%) studies that reported on HbA1c, 5 of 12 (42%) that reported on blood pressure and 2 of 7 (29%) that reported on body mass index observed significant improvements. Study heterogeneity precluded our ability to conduct a meta‐analysis. The overall quality of evidence based on GRADE criteria was low for all outcomes assessed.ConclusionThere is insufficient evidence on interventions to address type 2 diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidaemia in the Caribbean.
Identification of Plasmodium knowlesi Merozoite Surface Protein‐119 (PkMSP‐119) novel binding peptides from a phage display library
Authors: Goh Xiang Ting , Chua Kek Heng , Kee Boon Pin , Lim Yvonne A. L. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectivePlasmodium knowlesi, the fifth human malaria parasite, has caused mortality in humans. We aimed to identify P. knowlesi novel binding peptides through a random linear dodecapeptide phage display targeting the 19‐kDa fragment of Merozoite Surface Protein‐1 protein.MethodsrPkMSP‐119 protein was heterologously expressed using Expresso® Solubility and Expression Screening System and competent E. cloni® 10G cells according to protocol. Three rounds of biopanning were performed on purified rPkMSP‐119 to identify binding peptides towards rPkMSP‐119 using Ph.D.™‐12 random phage display library. Binding sites of the identified peptides to PkMSP‐119 were in silico predicted using the CABS‐dock web server.ResultsFour phage peptide variants that bound to PkMSP‐119 were identified after three rounds of biopanning, namely Pkd1, Pkd2, Pkd3 and Pkd4. The sequences of both Pkd1 and Pkd2 consist of a large number of histidine residues. Pkd1 showed positive binding signal with 6.1× vs. BSA control. Docking results showed that Pkd1 and Pkd2 were ideal binding peptides for PkMSP‐119.ConclusionWe identified two novel binding peptides of PkMSP‐119, Pkd1 (HFPFHHHKLRAH) and Pkd2 (HPMHMLHKRQHG), through phage display. They provide a valuable starting point for the development of novel therapeutics.
Multilocus data of a manakin species reveal cryptic diversification moulded by vicariance
Authors: Reis Camila Alves , Dias Cleyssian , Araripe Juliana , Aleixo Alexandre , Anciães Marina , Sampaio Iracilda , Schneider Horacio , do Rêgo Péricles Sena 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe used molecular tools and a multilocus approach to investigate the phylogeography of Lepidothrix coronata across most of its ample range. We sequenced six DNA fragments to produce phylogenies, molecular dating estimates, analyses of the dynamics of the demographic history of the species and a biogeographic analysis to estimate the events and changes in the ancestral distribution of the species. The results indicated the presence of four well‐established lineages, with high levels of divergence. These lineages are delineated by well‐defined geographic barriers, with one lineage, restricted to the west of the Andes, being the first to diverge from the complex. The other three lineages are exclusive to the Amazonian distribution of the species, with two being found north of the Amazon River, and the third, south of the Amazon. Some of the relationships found between these lineages were distinct from those described in previous studies. Important disagreements were found between the mtDNA phylogeny and that of the multilocus analysis, in relation to the lineages located to the west of the Andes. We propose that past introgression events may have influenced shifts in the relationships between lineages, despite the fact that the groups were well defined in both the phylogenies. The biogeographic analysis indicates that the lineages arose through successive vicariance events, which had a primary role in the diversification of the group. Two or three genetically structured subclades were also found within each Amazonian lineage, although these subclades are not isolated by an obvious geographic barrier.
<p class="Body"><strong>New morphological data for <em>Leonseius regularis</em> (De Leon) (Acari: Phytoseiidae) and a description of a new species of the genus from Brazil</strong></p>
Authors: Carvalho Adeilma N. De , Argolo Poliane S. , Ferragut Francisco , Moraes Gilberto J. De , Beaulieu Frédéric , Navia Denise , Oliveira Aníbal R. 
Published: November 2019

The genus Leonseius Chant & McMurtry (Phytoseiidae: Typhlodrominae) was proposed to accommodate Typhloseiopsis regularis De Leon, 1965, a species with a troubled taxonomic history that was previously classified in the genera Typhlodromus Scheuten, Diadromus Athias-Henriot and Chanteius Wainstein. Due to its Amblyseius-like appearance (long s4, Z4 and Z5, most other setae minute; atypical for a typhlodromine), the poor descriptions of reproductive structures (spermatheca, spermatodactyl), and probably also because at the time it was a monotypic genus, researchers over the years have based the species-level identification of Leonseius regularis mainly on dorsal and ventral idiosomal chaetotaxy and setal length. In a survey of phytoseiid mites conducted in cacao plantations (Theobroma cacao L.: Malvaceae) of the municipality of Ilhéus, Bahia, northeastern Brazil, we identified two distinct morphotypes among specimens initially identified as L. regularis. Herein we provide new morphological data for L. regularis to complement the original description and previous redescriptions, and then describe Leonseius elbanhawyi Carvalho, Ferragut & Oliveira sp. nov., from cacao, distinguishing it from L. regularis by its spermatheca and spermatodactyl. Also, the diagnosis of Leonseius is amended.
Sampling the $$\mu \nu $$SSM for displaced decays of the tau left sneutrino LSP at the LHC
Authors: Kpatcha Essodjolo , Lara Iñaki , López-Fogliani Daniel E. , Muñoz Carlos , Nagata Natsumi , Otono Hidetoshi , de Austri Roberto Ruiz 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWithin the framework of the $$\mu \nu \mathrm{SSM}$$μνSSM, a displaced dilepton signal is expected at the LHC from the decay of a tau left sneutrino as the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP) with a mass in the range 45–100 GeV. We compare the predictions of this scenario with the ATLAS search for long-lived particles using displaced lepton pairs in pp collisions, considering an optimization of the trigger requirements by means of a high level trigger that exploits tracker information. The analysis is carried out in the general case of three families of right-handed neutrino superfields, where all the neutrinos get contributions to their masses at tree level. To analyze the parameter space, we sample the $$\mu \nu $$μνSSM for a tau left sneutrino LSP with proper decay length $$c\tau > 0.1 \, \hbox {mm}$$cτ>0.1mm using a likelihood data-driven method, and paying special attention to reproduce the current experimental data on neutrino and Higgs physics, as well as flavor observables. The sneutrino is special in the $$\mu \nu \mathrm{SSM}$$μνSSM since its couplings have to be chosen so that the neutrino oscillation data are reproduced. We find that important regions of the parameter space can be probed at the LHC run 3.
Thermodynamics of the Schwarzschild and Reissner–Nordström black holes under the Snyder–de Sitter model
Authors: Hassanabadi H. , Maghsoodi E. , Chung Won Sang , de Montigny M. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis paper examines the effects of a new form of the extended generalized uncertainty principle in the Snyder–de Sitter model on the thermodynamics of the Schwarzschild and Reissner–Nordström black holes. Firstly, we present a generalization of the minimal length uncertainty relation with two deformation parameters. Then we obtain the corrected mass–temperature relation, entropy and heat capacity for Schwarzschild black hole. Also we investigate the effect of the corrected uncertainty principle on the thermodynamics of the charged black holes. Our discussion of the corrected entropy involves a heuristic analysis of a particle which is absorbed by the black hole. Finally, we compare the thermodynamics of a charged black hole with the thermodynamics of a Schwarzschild black hole and with the usual forms, that is, without corrections to the uncertainty principle.
Dry Aligning Dilute Active Matter
Authors: Chaté Hugues 
Published: November 2019

Active matter physics is about systems in which energy is dissipated at some local level to produce work. This is a generic situation, particularly in the living world but not only. What is at stake is the understanding of the fascinating, sometimes counterintuitive, emerging phenomena observed, from collective motion in animal groups to in vitro dynamical self-organization of motor proteins and biofilaments. Dry aligning dilute active matter (DADAM) is a corner of the multidimensional, fast-growing domain of active matter that has both historical and theoretical importance for the entire field. This restrictive setting only involves self-propulsion/activity, alignment, and noise, yet unexpected collective properties can emerge from it. This review provides a personal but synthetic and coherent overview of DADAM, focusing on the collective-level phenomenology of simple active particle models representing basic classes of systems and on the solutions of the continuous hydrodynamic theories that can be derived from them. The obvious fact that orientational order is advected by the aligning active particles at play is shown to be at the root of the most striking properties of DADAM systems: ( a) direct transitions to orientational order are not observed; ( b) instead generic phase separation occurs with a coexistence phase involving inhomogeneous nonlinear structures; ( c) orientational order, which can be long range even in two dimensions, is accompanied by long-range correlations and anomalous fluctuations; ( d) defects are not point-like, topologically bound objects.
Antitumor activity and combined inhibitory effect of ceritinib with gemcitabine in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Jamshed Muhammad Babar , Munir Fahad , Shahid Numan , Sadiq Ussama , Muhammad Syed Aun , Ghanem Noor Bader , Zhong Hong , Li Xiaokun , Zhang Qiyu 
Published: November 2019

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is predominantly incurable and is primarily treated with gemcitabine, but drug resistance commonly develops. Thus, new medicines are needed. Ceritinib (LDK378) is a second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) with antitumor activity in various cancers. However, studies involving ceritinib for the treatment of PC are inadequate. We analyzed the combined effects of ceritinib and gemcitabine on PC and their mechanism of action. Three PC cell lines were used to evaluate the antitumor effects of ceritinib combined with gemcitabine. We analyzed cell viability using CCK-8 assays, determined apoptosis levels through flow cytometry, and analyzed autophagy and cell signaling pathways by Western blotting and tissue array analysis with samples from xenograft models. Ceritinib strongly inhibited the proliferation of PC cells in a dose-dependent manner, induced apoptosis, and inhibited autophagy and cell migration by regulating relevant factors. Ceritinib in combination with gemcitabine exhibited significant growth inhibition and additive antitumor effects in vitro. In vivo, gemcitabine and ceritinib reduced tumor size by up to 30%. In our study, ALK was shown to be highly expressed in various PC cells and tissues. Ceritinib strongly inhibited the levels of activated ALK in PC cells with subsequent effects on the downstream mediators STAT3, AKT, and ERK. In addition, ceritinib inhibited tumor progression in xenograft models. Overall, our research shows that ceritinib inhibits the ALK signaling pathway, leading to cell growth/angiogenesis inhibition in PC and the induction of apoptosis. We recommend using ceritinib as a new treatment for PC. NEW & NOTEWORTHY These data proved that ceritinib inhibits the anaplastic lymphoma kinase signaling pathway, leading to cell growth/angiogenesis inhibition and the induction of apoptosis by inhibiting STAT3, AKT, and ERK pathway in pancreatic cancer (PC). We recommend using ceritinib as a new treatment for PC.
Gait Speed and Mood, Cognition, and Quality of Life in Older Adults With Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Marino Francesca R. , Lessard Darleen M. , Saczynski Jane S. , McManus David D. , Silverman‐Lloyd Luke G. , Benson Christopher M. , Blaha Michael J. , Waring Molly E. 
Published: November 2019

Background

Low gait speed has been linked with impaired mood, cognition, and quality of life (
QOL
) in older adults. We examined whether low gait speed was associated with impaired mood, cognition, and
QOL
among older adults with atrial fibrillation (
AF
).

Methods and Results

Participants (n=1185) had a diagnosis of
AF
, aged ≥65 years,
CHA
2
DS
2
VAS
c ≥2 and had no contraindications to anticoagulation. Participants completed a 15‐foot walk test, and low gait speed was categorized using cutoffs from the Fried Frailty Index. Participants self‐reported measures of depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire 9 ≥10), anxiety symptoms (Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7 ≥10), cognitive impairment (Montreal Cognitive Assessment ≤23), and potentially impaired Atrial Fibrillation Effect Quality‐of‐Life Questionnaire <80. Participants were on average aged 75.3 (
SD
: 7.0) years, 48.0% were women, and 85.5% were non‐Hispanic white; 85.6% were taking an oral anticoagulant, 26.1% had low gait speed, 8.4% had elevated depressive symptoms, 5.7% had elevated anxiety symptoms, 41.1% were cognitively impaired, and 41.6% had potentially impaired
AF
‐related
QOL
. Participants with low gait speed were significantly more likely to have elevated depressive symptoms (adjusted odds ratio: 2.1, 95%
CI
: 1.3–3.4), elevated anxiety symptoms (adjusted odds ratio: 2.2, 95%
CI
: 1.2–3.9), and cognitive impairment (adjusted odds ratio: 1.5, 95%
CI
: 1.1–2.1). Impaired
AF
‐related
QOL
did not differ by gait speed after adjustment for clinical characteristics (adjusted odds ratio: 1.1, 95%
CI
: 0.8–1.5).

Conclusions

Twenty‐six percent of older adults with
AF
had low gait speed, and low gait speed was associated with impaired mood and cognition. Further research is needed to determine whether declines in gait speed lead to impaired mood and cognition or whether these conditions develop concurrently.