bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retrospective cohort study of nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel plus ramucirumab versus paclitaxel plus ramucirumab as second-line treatment in patients with advanced gastric cancer
Authors: Okunaka Mashiro , Kotani Daisuke , Demachi Ken , Kawazoe Akihito , Yoshino Takayuki , Kawasaki Toshikatsu , Shitara Kohei 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel (nab-PTX) has shown non-inferiority to paclitaxel (PTX) as second-line therapy for advanced gastric cancer (AGC) with fewer infusion-related reactions. The efficacy and safety of nab-PTX plus ramucirumab (RAM) was reported in a phase II trial; however, there is no randomized trial comparing this regimen with PTX plus RAM in patients with AGC. This retrospective study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of nab-PTX plus RAM versus PTX plus RAM in patients with AGC.Methods: This study included patients with AGC who received nab-PTX plus RAM from September 2017 to January 2019 or PTX plus RAM from June 2015 to August 2017 as second-line chemotherapy in our hospital.Results: A total of 113 and 138 patients who received nab-PTX plus RAM and PTX plus RAM, respectively, were analyzed. Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 3.9 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.4–4.3) in the nab-PTX plus RAM group and 3.9 months (95% CI: 3.1–4.7) in the PTX plus RAM group (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.08; 95% CI: 0.83–1.40; P = 0.573). Median overall survival (OS) was 10.9 months (95% CI: 9.3–12.7) in the nab-PTX plus RAM group and 10.3 months (95% CI: 8.5–12.0) in the PTX plus RAM group (hazard ratio: 0.82; 95% CI: 0.61–1.10; P = 0.188). In patients with moderate/massive ascites, favorable outcomes for progression-free survival were observed in the nab-PTX plus RAM group compared with the PTX plus RAM group. Although anemia and fatigue (any grade) were more frequent in the nab-PTX plus RAM group, discontinuation of study treatment was not increased in the nab-PTX plus RAM group. There was no occurrence of hypersensitivity reaction in the nab-PTX plus RAM group, while two patients (1.4%) experienced grade 3 hypersensitivity reactions in the PTX plus RAM group.Conclusions: The combination of nab-PTX plus RAM showed a similar efficacy and safety profile to PTX plus RAM as second-line treatment for patients with AGC.
Health anxiety and related factors among pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study from Iran
Authors: Saadati Najmieh , Afshari Poorandokht , Boostani Hatam , Beheshtinasab Maryam , Abedi Parvin , Maraghi Elham 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: The pandemic of COVID-19 affected many countries as well as Iran. The aim of this study was to evaluate the health anxiety of the Iranian pregnant women in time of the pandemic of the COVID-19. Methods: In this cross-sectional study 300 pregnant women in different trimesters (n=100 in each trimester) were recruited. A demographic questionnaire and the Health Anxiety questionnaire were used to collect data. Because of quarantine data were collected through social media groups. The chi-square, ANOVA and multiple linear regression were used to analyze data. Results: The total score of anxiety was 22.3±9.5, 24.6±9.3 and 25.4±10.6 in the first, second and third trimester of pregnancy. In total, 9%, 13% and 21% of the women had severe anxiety or scores≥35 in the first, second and third trimester of pregnancy respectively. Pregnant women in the third trimester significantly had more health anxiety score and higher scores of “total health anxiety” than the first trimester ones(p=0.045). Conclusion: At the time of the pandemic of COVID-19, women in the second and third trimester of pregnancy were more worry about consequences of disease, but the total score of health anxiety was significantly more in the women in the third trimester of pregnancy. Health care providers should pay more attention to the mental health of pregnant women in times of crises such as Corona pandemic.
Structure and trends of international sport nutrition research between 2000-2018: bibliometric mapping of sport nutrition science
Authors: Kiss Anna , Temesi Ágoston , Tompa Orsolya , Lakner Zoltán , Soós Sándor 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: The tool kits of bibliometrics and science mapping provide a standard methodology to map the knowledge base of specific fields of science. The aim of the present research is the analysis of the recent international trends of sport nutrition science, as well as the primary identification of the research topics and results of sport nutrition science via enhanced bibliometric methods for the 2000-2018 time period. Methods: Altogether, 3889 publications were included in this study. We identified the most relevant sport nutrition topics by running a community detection algorithm on the proximity network constructed via network text analysis. The key issues and key concepts of sport nutrition topics as well as their relations were evaluated via network analysis. We also carried a chronological analysis of topics out, and a scientometric evaluative analysis was also created. Results: We identified the four main basic groups from which the 18 most characteristics topics were analyzed. The 18 topics are the following: soccer and physiology, carbohydrate metabolism, muscle physiology: alkalosis and acidosis, muscle mass gain and dietary supplementation, fluid balance and hydration, dietary intake and nutrition knowledge, determination of energy need of athletes, bone health and female athlete triad, hydration strategy, body weight management, nutritional strategies and human skeletal muscle, dietary supplementation of nitrates, oxidative stress and dietary supplement use, dietary supplement use and doping, oxidative stress and inflammation and dietary antioxidants, exercise adaptation and nutritional strategies, gut microbiota, celiac disease. Based on the size of the topic, research on sport nutrition science has put the biggest emphasis on the following three groups: muscle mass gain and dietary supplementation, carbohydrate metabolism, oxidative stress and dietary supplement use. The greatest scientific impact can be ascribed to the following topics: nutritional strategies and human skeletal muscle, dietary supplementation of nitrates, body weight management, and gut microbiota. Conclusions: Scientific output on sport nutrition has continuously been rising between 2000-2018. The ratio of topics related to sport nutrition but first of all connected to basic research has decreased significantly within all publications. The results of this study confirm the role of science mapping in the identification of specific research topics and primary research directions in the field of sport nutrition science.
Yield and yield-reduction in recent drought years in southern Tigray, northern Ethiopia: Implications on food security
Authors: Eze Emmanuel , Girma Atkilt , Zenebe Amanuel , Okolo Chukwuebuka Christopher , Negash Emnet 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The consequences of prolonged precipitation-deficient periods are primarily substantial water deficit, with the spatial characteristics of drylands and various socioeconomic factors worsening its impacts and deepening poverty among agrarian communities, with attendant food security implications. This study utilizes a combination of climate, remote sensing and field survey data. These data were used to obtain a first-hand information on the impacts of recent (2015 and 2017) droughts on crop yield in southern Tigray, northern Ethiopia. Annual and seasonal rainfall, annual and seasonal NDVI and Dev-NDVI, and monthly SPI-1, SPI-3 and SPI-12 (for June to October) were considered as likely factors that could relate with yield and yield loss in the area. Correlation and multiple linear stepwise regression statistical techniques were used to determine drought-yield relationships, and identify more accurate predictors of yield and yield losses in each of the drought years. The area witnessed a more widespread precipitation deficit in 2015 than in 2017, where the lowland area recorded entire crop losses. Also, droughts manifested spatiotemporal variations and impacts across the 3 different agroecologies – primarily reduction in vegetation amounts, coinciding with the planting and maturing stages of crops. Crop failures therefore translated to food shortages and reduced income of smallholders, which denotes food insecurity in the time of droughts. Seasonal rainfall and June Dev-NDVI predicted 66.9% of 2015 yield loss, while NDVI predicted 2017 sorghum yield by 96%. Spate irrigation should be further popularized in the low-lying areas of Raya Azebo to augment for future deficiencies in the kiremt rainfall.
Evaluating the genetic effects of sex hormone traits on the development of mental traits: a polygenic score analysis and genome-wide genetic interaction analysis in UK Biobank cohort
Authors: Liang Xiao , Cheng ShiQiang , Ye Jing , Chu XiaoMeng , Wen Yan , Liu Li , Qi Xin , Jia YuMeng , Zhang Feng 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the genetic effects of sex hormone traits on the development of mental traits in middle-aged adults.Methods: The SNPs associated with sex hormone traits were derived from a two-stage genome-wide association study (GWAS). Four sex hormone traits were selected in the current study, including sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), testosterone, bioavailable testosterone and estradiol. The polygenic risk score (PRS) of sex hormone traits were calculated from individual-level genotype data of the United Kingdom (UK) Biobank cohort. We then used logistic and linear regression models to assess the associations between individual PRS of sex hormone traits and the frequency of alcohol consumption, anxiety, intelligence and so on. Finally, genome-wide genetic interaction study (GWGIS) was performed to detect novel candidate genes interacting with the sex hormone traits on the development of fluid intelligence and the frequency of smoking and alcohol consumption by PLINK2.0.Results: We observed positive association between SHBG and the frequency of alcohol consumption (b=0.0101, p=3.84×10–11) in middle-aged males and females. In addition, estradiol was positively associated with the frequency of alcohol consumption (b=0.0128, p=1,96×10–8) in middle-aged males. Moreover, SHBG was associated with the frequency of alcohol consumption (b=0.0067, p=2.60×10–3) in middle-aged females. Finally, GWGIS identified one significant loci, Tenascin R (TNR) (rs34633780, p=3.45×10–8) interacting with total testosterone for fluid intelligence.Conclusion: Our study results support the genetic effects of sex hormone traits on the development of intelligence and the frequency of alcohol consumption in middle-aged adults in UK.
The Effects of Everyday-life Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons on Biological Age Indicators
Authors: Pavanello Sofia , Campisi Manuela , Mastrangelo Giuseppe , Hoxha Mirjam , Bollati Valentina 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background Further knowledge on modifiable aging risk factors is required to mitigate the increasing burden of age-related diseases in a rapidly growing global demographic of elderly individuals. We explored the effect of everyday exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which are fundamental constituents of air pollution, on cellular biological aging. This was determined via the analysis of leukocyte telomere length (LTL), mitochondrial DNA copy number (LmtDNAcn), and by the formation of anti- benzo[a]pyrene diolepoxide (B[a]PDE–DNA) adducts.Methods The study population consisted of 585 individuals living in North-East Italy. PAH exposure (diet, indoor activities, outdoor activities, traffic, and residential exposure) and smoking behavior were assessed by questionnaire and anti-B[a]PDE–DNA] by high-perfomance-liquid-chromatography. LTL, LmtDNAcn and genetic polymorphisms [glutathione S-transferase M1 and T1 (GSTM1; GSTT1)] were measured by polymerase chain reaction. Structural equation modelling analysis evaluated these complex relationships.Results Anti-B[a]PDE–DNA enhanced with PAH exposure (p=0.005) and active smoking (p=0.0001), whereas decreased with detoxifying GSTM1 (p=0.021) and in female (p=0.0001). Subsequently, LTL and LmtDNAcn reduced with anti-B[a]PDE–DNA (p=0.028 and p=0.018), particularly in males (p=0.006 and p=0.0001). Only LTL shortened with age (p=0.001) while elongated with active smoking (p =0.0001). Besides this, the most significant determinants of PAH exposure that raised anti-B[a]PDE–DNA were indoor and diet (p=0.0001 ), the least was outdoor (p=0.003). Conclusion New findings stemming from our study suggest that certain preventable everyday life exposures to PAHs reduce LTL and LmtDNAcn. In particular, the clear association with indoor activities, diet, and gender opens new perspectives for tailored preventive measures in age-related diseases.Capsule Everyday life exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons reduces leukocyte telomere length and mitochondrial DNA copy number through anti-B[a]PDE-DNA adduct formation.
In Utero and Peripubertal Metals Exposure in Relation to Reproductive Hormones and Sexual Maturation and Progression among Boys in Mexico City
Authors: Ashrap Pahriya , Meeker John D. , Sánchez Brisa N. , Basu Niladri , Tamayo-Ortiz Marcela , Solano-González Maritsa ,   Adriana Mercado-García4, Téllez-Rojo Martha M. , Peterson Karen E. , Watkins Deborah 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background: Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) such as metals have been reported to alter circulating reproductive hormone concentrations and pubertal development in animals. However, the relationship has rarely been investigated among humans, with the exception of heavy metals, such as Pb and Cd. Our aim was to investigate measures of in utero and peripubertal metal exposure in relation to reproductive hormone levels and sexual maturation and progression among boys from the Early Life Exposure in Mexico to Environmental Toxicants (ELEMENT) cohorts.Methods: Our analysis included 118 pregnant women and their male children from the ELEMENT study. Essential and non-essential metals were measured in urine collected from the mothers during the third trimester of pregnancy and their male children at 8-14 years. Reproductive hormone levels [serum testosterone, estradiol, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S), inhibin B, and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG)] were measured in blood samples from the children at 8-14 years. We also assessed Tanner stages for sexual maturation (genital, pubic hair development, and testicular volume), at two time points (8–14, 10-18 years). We used linear regression to independently examine urinary metal levels in relation to each peripubertal reproductive hormones adjusting for child age and BMI. Generalized estimation equations (GEEs) were used to evaluate the association of in utero and peripubertal metal exposures with sexual maturation and progression during follow-up based on Tanner staging and testicular volume.Results: In utero and prepubertal concentrations of some urinary metals were associated with increased levels of peripubertal reproductive hormones, especially non-essential metal(loid)s As and Cd (in utero), and Ba (peripubertal) as well as essential metal Mo (in utero) in association with testosterone. More advanced pubic hair developmental stage and higher testicular volume at the early teen visit was observed for boys with higher non-essential metal concentrations, including in utero Al and peripubertal Ba, and essential metal Zn concentration (peripubertal). These metals were also associated with slower pubertal progression between the two visits.Conclusion: These findings suggest that male reproductive development may be associated with both essential and non-essential metal exposure during in utero and peripubertal windows.
Genomic analysis of worldwide sheep breeds reveals PDGFD as a major target of fat-tail selection in sheep
Authors: Dong Kunzhe , Yang Min , Han Jiangang , Ma Qing , Han Jilong , Song Ziyi , Luosang Cuicheng , Gorkhali Neena Amatya , Yang Bohui , He Xiaohong , Ma Yuehui , Jiang Lin 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Fat tail is a unique trait in sheep acquired during domestication. Several genomic analyses have been conducted in sheep breeds from limited geographic origins to identify the genetic factors underlying this trait. Nevertheless, these studies obtained different candidates. The results of these regional studies were easily biased by the breed structures.Results: To minimize the bias and distinguish the true candidates, we used an extended data set of 968 sheep representing 18 fat-tailed breeds and 14 thin-tailed breeds from around the world, and integrated two statistical tests to detect selection signatures, including Genetic Fixation Index (FST) and difference of derived allele frequency (ΔDAF). The results showed that platelet derived growth factor D (PDGFD) exhibited the highest genetic differentiation between fat- and thin-tailed sheep breeds. Analysis of sequence variation identified that a 6.8-kb region within the first intron of PDGFD is likely the target of positive selection and contains regulatory mutation(s) in fat-tailed sheep. Histological and gene expression analyses demonstrated that PDGFD expression is associated with maturation and hemostasis of adipocytes. Further retrospective analysis of public transcriptomic datasets revealed that PDGFD expression is down-regulated during adipogenesis in both human and mouse, and is higher in fat tissues of obese individuals than that in lean individuals. Conclusions: These results reveal that PDGFD is the predominant factor for the fat tail phenotype in sheep by contributing to adiopogenesis and maintaining the hemostasis of mature adipocytes. This study provides insights into the selection of fat-tailed sheep and has important application to animal breeding, as well as obesity-related human diseases.
Praziquantel treatment coverage among school age children against&nbsp;&nbsp;Schistosomiasis and associated factors in Ethiopia: a cross-sectional survey, 2019
Authors: Dea Yilma Chisha , Zerdo Zerihun , Asnakew Mekuria , Churko Chuchu , Yihune Manaye , Teshome Abinet , Nigussu Nebiyu , Seife Fikire , Getachew Birhanu , Sileshi Markos 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: World Health Organization estimated that 779 million people are at risk of getting schistosomiasis (SCH) and 240 million people were infected worldwide. SCH due to schistosoma mansoni (S. mansoni) is a wide public health problem in Ethiopia. The aim of the survey was to quantify national and district disaggregated treatment coverage status for SCH and compare validated coverage with the one reported. Methods: Community based cross-sectional survey was conducted in April 2019 among households with school age children (SAC) 5-14 years in seven purposively selected districts of the country. Segments to be surveyed were randomly selected and households to be interviewed from each segment were determined using systematic sampling technique. A total of 3,378 households visited and 5,679 SAC (5-14 years) were interviewed.Results: Overall reported treatment coverage of Praziquantel (PZQ) against SCH was 4286 (75.5%). Males were 27% more likely to swallow the drug (AOR= 1.27; 95% CI: 1.09, 1.47) than females. SAC with age 10-14 years were 45% more likely to swallow the drug compared with their counter parts (5-9 years), (AOR =1.45; 95% CI: 1.25, 1.69). There is statistically significant association between PZQ swallowing status with school enrollment. (AOR= 20.90, 95% CI: 17.41, 25.08). Swallowing status of PZQ against SCH significantly higher for SAC treated in districts applied integrated treatment approach (87.5%) compared with SAC treated in vertical treatment approach (72.5%); P-value <0.001. SACs were asked for reasons for not taking the drug and the main reported reason for not swallowing PZQ in the present study was none attending of the school.Conclusions Over all treatment coverage of PZQ against SCH in the present study was 75.5%. Although it is in accordance with WHO recommendation for Ethiopia, national programmatic improvements are necessary to achieve higher coverage in the future. To increase treatment coverage for PZQ against SCH in Ethiopia, school based training should target all schools. Moreover, mobilization, sensitization and implementation of the community wide treatment need to be improved.
Socio-demographic associations of HIV among women attending antenatal care in selected rural primary care facilities in South Africa's Eastern Cape province.
Authors: Mabunda Sikhumbuzo A , Sigovana Khuthala , Chitha Wezile , Apalata Teke , Nomatshila Sibusiso 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: To effectively reduce vertical HIV transmission requires a reduction of HIV prevalence and incidence among pregnant women and a full understanding of its epidemiology. The study aimed to determine the prevalence of HIV among women attending antenatal care and further determine spousal support during antenatal care attendance in rural areas in Eastern Cape province, South Africa. Methods: A Cross-sectional study of women attending antenatal care in four Primary Care facilities was conducted using an interviewer-administered questionnaire which collected information on socio-demographic characteristics and medical history. Binomial logistic regression analyses were used to determine factors associated with HIV and to estimate the prevalence ratio (PR). The 95% confidence interval (95%CI) is used for precision of estimates; p≤0.05 for statistical significance. Results: A total of 343 participants were included in the final analysis. The antenatal HIV prevalence was 38.2% (95%CI: 33.2 – 43.9). For 75% of the women, the HIV diagnosis was made 141 days before the date of the interview (median=77 days, interquartile range=42-141 days). Participants between the age of 30 to 39 years were 50% more likely to be HIV positive compared to those who were between the age of 20 to 29 years, these differences were statistically significant (PR=1.5; p-value=0.001). Furthermore, self-employed women were 30% less likely to be HIV positive when compared to unemployed participants, this was also statistically significant (PR=0.7; p-value<0.0001). Conclusion: Despite a 100% antenatal HIV testing rate, the antenatal HIV prevalence remains high in this population, coupled with no spousal attendance in antenatal care. It is important to move beyond awareness about the HIV status to actionable strategies of reducing the HIV incident cases. It is therefore important to remain vigilant and monitor mother-to-child transmission that could be associated with this increased prevalence.