bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimating the Molecular Gas Mass of Low-redshift Galaxies from a Combination of Mid-infrared Luminosity and Optical Properties
Authors: Gao Yang , Xiao Ting , Li Cheng , Jiang Xue-Jian , Tan Qing-Hua , Gao Yu , Wilson Christine D. , Bureau Martin , Saintonge Amélie , Sánchez-Gallego José R. , Brown Toby , Clark Christopher J. R. , Hwang Ho Seong , Lamperti Isabella , Lin Lin , Liu Lijie , Lu Dengrong , Pan Hsi-An , Sun Jixian , Williams Thomas G. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
We present CO (J = 1−0) and/or CO (J = 2−1) spectroscopy for 31 galaxies selected from the ongoing Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory (MaNGA) survey, obtained with multiple telescopes. This sample is combined with CO observations from the literature to study the correlation of the CO luminosities (

) with the mid-infrared luminosities at 12 (

) and 22 μm (

), as well as the dependence of the residuals on a variety of galaxy properties. The correlation with

is tighter and more linear, but galaxies with relatively low stellar masses (

M
⊙) and blue colors (

and/or NUV − r ≲ 3) fall significantly below the mean

–

relation. We propose a new estimator of the CO (1−0) luminosity (and thus the total molecular gas mass M
mol) that is a linear combination of three parameters:

,

, and g − r. We show that, with a scatter of only 0.18 dex in log

, this estimator provides unbiased estimates for galaxies of different properties and types. An immediate application of this estimator to a compiled sample of galaxies with only CO (J = 2−1) observations yields a distribution of the CO (J = 2−1) to CO (J = 1−0) luminosity ratios (R21) that agrees well with the distribution of real observations, in terms of both the median and the shape. Application of our estimator to the current MaNGA sample reveals a gas-poor population of galaxies that are predominantly early-type and show no correlation between molecular gas-to-stellar mass ratio and star formation rate, in contrast to gas-rich galaxies. We also provide alternative estimators with similar scatters, based on r- and/or z-band luminosities instead of

. These estimators serve as cheap and convenient M
mol proxies to be potentially applied to large samples of galaxies, thus allowing statistical studies of gas-related processes of galaxies.
The Detection of [O iii] λ4363 in a Lensed, Dwarf Galaxy at z = 2.59: Testing Metallicity Indicators and Scaling Relations at High Redshift and Low Mass*
Authors: Gburek Timothy , Siana Brian , Alavi Anahita , Emami Najmeh , Richard Johan , Freeman William R. , Stark Daniel P. , Snapp-Kolas Christopher , Lucero Breanna 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
We present Keck/MOSFIRE (Multi-Object Spectrometer for InfraRed Exploration) and Keck/LRIS (Low Resolution Imaging Spectrometer) spectroscopy of A1689-217, a lensed (magnification ∼7.9), star-forming (SFR ∼ 16 M
☉ yr−1), dwarf (log(M
*/M
☉) = 8.07–8.59) Lyα emitter (EW0 ∼ 138 Å) at z = 2.5918. Dwarf galaxies similar to A1689-217 are common at high redshift and likely responsible for reionization, yet few have been studied with detailed spectroscopy. We report a 4.2σ detection of the electron-temperature-sensitive [O iii] λ4363 emission line and use this line to directly measure an oxygen abundance of 12 + log(O/H) = 8.06 ± 0.12 (∼1/4 Z
☉). A1689-217 is the lowest-mass galaxy at z > 2 with an [O iii] λ4363 detection. Using the rest-optical emission lines, we measure A1689-217’s other nebular conditions, including electron temperature (T

e
([O iii]) ∼ 14,000 K), electron density (n

e
∼ 220 cm−3), and reddening (

∼ 0.39). We study relations between strong-line ratios and direct metallicities with A1689-217 and other galaxies with [O iii] λ4363 detections at z ∼ 0–3.1, showing that the locally calibrated, oxygen-based, strong-line relations are consistent from z ∼ 0 to 3.1. We also show additional evidence that the O32 versus R23 excitation diagram can be utilized as a redshift-invariant, direct-metallicity-based, oxygen abundance diagnostic out to z ∼ 3.1. From this excitation diagram and the strong-line ratio–metallicity plots, we observe that the ionization parameter at fixed O/H is consistent with no redshift evolution. Although A1689-217 is metal-rich for its M
* and star formation rate, we find it to be consistent within the large scatter of the low-mass end of the fundamental metallicity relation.
Radiative Properties of Magnetically Arrested Disks
Authors: Xie Fu-Guo , Zdziarski Andrzej A. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Magnetically arrested disks (MADs) appear when accretion flows are supplied with a sufficient amount of magnetic flux. In this work, we use results of magnetohydrodynamic simulations to set the configuration of the magnetic field and investigate the dynamics and radiative properties of the resulting accretion flow (i.e., without that of the jet) of MADs. The method developed here is applied to both the MAD and the standard and normal evolution (SANE) accretion flow with or without large-scale magnetic fields. For the radiative processes, we include synchrotron, bremsstrahlung, and Compton scattering. We find that, in general, accretion flows of MADs have similar spectra to those of the SANE, which complicates the task of distinguishing MADs from SANEs. At the same accretion rates, MADs are systematically brighter than SANEs. However, the critical accretion rate above which the hot solution ceases to exist is lower in MADs. Consequently, the maximum luminosity an MAD can reach is comparable to but slightly lower than that of SANE, and the dependence on the magnetic flux is weak. We then discuss the implications of our results for active galactic nuclei and accreting black hole binaries.
dHybridR: A Hybrid Particle-in-cell Code Including Relativistic Ion Dynamics
Authors: Haggerty Colby C. , Caprioli Damiano 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
We present the first plasma simulations obtained with the code dHybridR, a hybrid particle-in-cell code with fluid electrons and both thermal and energetic ions that retain relativistic dynamics. dHybridR is constructed to study astrophysical and space-physics problems where a few energetic nonthermal particles (i.e., cosmic rays, CRs) affect the overall dynamics of a nonrelativistic plasma, such as CR-driven instabilities, collisionless shocks, magnetic reconnection, turbulence, etc. In this method paper we provide some applications to linear (resonant/nonresonant CR streaming instability) and strongly nonlinear (parallel shocks) problems that show the capabilities of the code. In particular, we provide the first self-consistent hybrid runs that show the acceleration of relativistic ions at nonrelativistic shocks; CRs develop a power law in momentum, which translates into a broken power law in energy that exhibits a steepening around the ion rest mass, as predicted by the theory of diffusive shock acceleration. We present examples of 2D dHybridR runs relevant for fast shocks in radio supernovae, whose evolution can be followed in real time, and 3D runs of low-Mach-number heliospheric shocks, which can be compared with in situ spacecraft observations.
Prevalence and Knowledge of Soil-Transmitted Helminth Infections in Mandailing Natal, North Sumatera, Indonesia
Authors: Nasution Rizky Keumala Ansari , Nasution Badai Buana , Lubis Munar , Lubis Inke Nadia D. 
Published: December 2019

BACKGROUND: Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infection remains of public health importance, particularly in developing countries. North Sumatra province of Indonesia has reported high prevalences of STH in many of its districts.
AIM: In this study, we aimed to determine the prevalence of STH and evaluated STH knowledge and risk behaviours of school children in Mandailing Natal district.
METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study in two primary schools in Mandailing Natal district, North Sumatera province, Indonesia. Data were collected directly from the subjects using a questionnaire after receiving consent from their parents. A stool sample was also collected to determine the STH status of each subject. Samples were then transported to the parasitology laboratory at Universitas Sumatera Utara in Medan to be analysed by a trained analyst. Kato-Katz method was used to prepare the slides (World Health Organization, 2002). The intensity of infection is classified into light, moderate and heavy infection.
RESULTS: Prevalences of STH infections were 76.8% and 87.2% in Singkuand and Sikapas primary schools, respectively. The majority of infections were Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura at a light intensity. Only small numbers of children in the two schools used soap before eating, used soap after defecating, and wear sandal/shoes when walking outdoor. Less than 50% of children also knew the route of transmission of STH. Poorer knowledge and behaviours were shown in children from Sikapas than in Singkuang.
CONCLUSION: High prevalence and poor hygiene behaviours found in this study reinforce the need to identify the correct intervention to address this STH problem in the region.
Le « doudou » à la crèche : pratiques et représentations
Authors: Morfaux Lou , Wendland Jaqueline 
Published: December 2019

En France, les objets auxquels les enfants s’attachent connus sous le nom de « doudous » sont largement utilisés aussi bien dans le cadre familial que dans les lieux d’accueil du jeune enfant. La présente étude a eu pour but d’étudier les pratiques et les représentations entourant le « doudou » dans les crèches. La population était constituée de 20 enfants âgés de 15 à 42 mois et de 9 auxiliaires de puériculture. L’utilisation du « doudou » par les enfants a été analysée grâce à une grille d’observation, alors que les professionnelles ont répondu à un entretien sur leurs pratiques et représentations concernant le « doudou ». Les entretiens et l’observation des pratiques montrent que son utilisation varie en fonction des contextes et des moments de la journée. Les données contribuent à réfléchir à la place accordée aujourd’hui au « doudou » au sein des crèches.
Hommes en parcours d’assistance médicale à la procréation : relation aux professionnels de santé et vécu psychologique
Authors: Crozet Agathe , Wendland Jaqueline 
Published: December 2019

L’objectif de cette étude était de déterminer l’existence d’un lien, chez les hommes en parcours d’assistance médicale à la procréation, entre la satisfaction de la relation aux soignants et le niveau d’anxiété et de dépression. Vingt-sept hommes, attribués à deux groupes distincts selon qu’ils étaient déjà pères ou non (« nonpères »), ont été rencontrés en entretien et ont ensuite complété trois questionnaires. La qualité de la relation aux soignants est négativement corrélée aux niveaux d’anxiété et de dépression. Les hommes « non-pères » ont un niveau d’anxiété et de dépression significativement plus élevé que les hommes « pères ». L’importance de la relation aux soignants pour les hommes, dans ce contexte médical, est discutée.
De la green criminology à l’analyse de la gestion différentielle des illégalismes
Authors: Salle Grégory 
Published: December 2019

Le courant de recherche anglophone couramment désigné sous le vocable générique de « green criminology », voué à l’étude de la criminalité environnementale sous tous ses aspects, est aujourd’hui bien établi. Cette situation offre un vif contraste avec l’état de la littérature en langue française, en dépit de l’existence de contributions juridiques relatives au droit pénal de l’environnement. Cet article montre que ce contraste bibliographique est plus étonnant qu’il n’y paraît, dans la mesure où certaines des contributions pionnières furent publiées en français au tournant des années 1980. Il restitue ensuite les conditions intellectuelles d’émergence de la green criminology , ainsi que le triple constat qui cimente ce courant malgré sa relative diversité : les crimes contre l’environnement sont répandus ; leurs conséquences sont graves ; pourtant ils sont très peu punis. Présentant certains des débats qui animent ce courant, cette contribution insiste sur les désaccords relatifs à l’acception pertinente de la notion même de crime. Présenter et discuter l’apport de la green criminology permet in fine d’argumenter en faveur d’une intégration de l’étude de la criminalité environnementale dans la visée plus large d’une analyse de ce que Michel Foucault proposait de nommer la gestion différentielle des illégalismes.
Lamellar Crescentic Resection for Pellucid Marginal Corneal Degeneration
Authors: Javadi Mohammad A , Karimian Farid , Hosseinzadeh Ahmad , Noroozizadeh Hafez M , Sa'eedifar Mohammad R , Rabie Hossein M 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To evaluate the results of lamellar crescentic resection in pellucid marginal corneal degeneration.
METHODS: Patients with pellucid marginal corneal degeneration who underwent lamellar crescentic resection from 1995 to 2000 at Labbafinejad Medical Center were assessed. Diagnosis was based on clinical findings of slit-lamp microscopy and confirmed by corneal topography and pachymetry.
RESULTS: Fifteen eyes of nine patients (six male and three female) were operated. Mean patient age was 32 years (range 25 to 41 yr). Preoperatively, best spectacle-corrected visual acuity was 20/200 to 20/500 with a range of 12 to 26 D of against-the-rule astigmatism (mean 19.00 D). Follow-up ranged from 13 to 57 months (mean 35 mo). Postoperatively, patients had with-the-rule astigmatism: mean 16.00 D at 6 weeks and 10.50 D at 6 months. In the second postoperative year, mean with-the-rule astigmatism was 4.30 D. Best spectacle-corrected visual acuity was 20/40 in 71% of eyes at final follow-up. No significant complications occurred during the study period.
CONCLUSION: Lamellar crescentic resection was a safe and effective non-penetrating surgical method to manage pellucid marginal corneal degeneration, however, visual recovery was relatively prolonged. [J Refract Surg 2004;20:162-165]
Wavefront Aberrations From Corneal Ectasia After Laser in situ Keratomileusis Demonstrated by InterWave Aberrometry
Authors: Randleman J Bradley , Thompson Keith P , Staver P Randall 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To report a case of corneal ectasia after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK). The patient presented with minimal alterations in manifest refraction but had obvious distortions in the wavefront error of the eye, as demonstrated by InterWave aberrometry.
METHODS: Retrospective case report and literature review.
RESULTS: Three years following uneventful and initially successful LASIK and two subsequent enhancement procedures, a patient experienced a decrease in uncorrected and best spectacle-corrected visual acuity with only minor changes in manifest refraction and initially subtle changes on corneal topography. InterWave aberrometry showed a wavefront distortion consistent with progressive steepening of the anterior cornea, reflecting possible development of corneal ectasia.
CONCLUSIONS: InterWave aberrometry in conjunction with corneal topography was useful for early recognition of the development of corneal ectasia after LASIK. [J Refract Surg 2004;20: 170-175]
Prospective, Randomized, Paired Comparison of Laser Epithelial Keratomileusis and Photorefractive Keratectomy for Myopia Less Than -6.50 Diopters
Authors: Hashemi Hassan , Fotouhi Akbar , Foudazi Hamid , Sadeghi Navid , Payvar Saeed 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: We compared predictability, efficacy, safety, and patient satisfaction following laser epithelial keratomileusis (LASEK) and photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) for low to moderate myopia with either the Nidek EC-5000 excimer laser or the Technolas 217C excimer laser.
METHODS: Forty-two patients with spherical equivalent refraction in the range -1.00 to -6.50 D were enrolled in this prospective study, each randomized for choice and sequence of LASEK and PRK on each of their eyes. Patients were examined daily for 7 days, and at 1 and 3 months. Patient satisfaction and quality of vision were assessed using a subjective questionnaire.
RESULTS: Mean baseline refraction was -3.57 ± 1.25 D in LASEK eyes and -3.44 ± 1.13 D in PRK eyes. Follow-up rates were 100% up to 1 month and 76% at 3 months. At 3 months, 32 (100%) of LASEK eyes and 31 (97%) of PRK eyes had uncorrected visual acuity ≥20/40, 25 (79%) of LASEK eyes and 26 (82%) of PRK eyes had uncorrected visual acuity ≥20/20, mean refraction was 0.08 ± 0.53 D in LASEK eyes and 0.12 ± 0.50 D in PRK eyes, 26 (81%) of LASEK eyes and 23 (72%) of PRK eyes had a refraction within ±0.50 D and 29 (91%) of LASEK eyes and 30 (94%) of PRK eyes had refraction within ±1.00 D. Epithelial healing time and pain in LASEK and PRK eyes were not statistically different, and patients were equally satisfied.
CONCLUSION: LASEK had similar predictability, efficacy, safety, and patient satisfaction to PRK in the treatment of low to moderate myopia. [J Refract Surg 2004;20:217-222]
Diurnal Fluctuation of Higher Order Ocular Aberrations: Correlation With Intraocular Pressure and Corneal Thickness
Authors: Mierdel Peter , Krinke Hans-Eberhard , Pollack Katharina , Spoerl Eberhard 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Optimal wavefront-guided refractive corneal laser surgery requires sufficiently exact data of optical higher order aberrations. We investigated whether these aberrations had a systematic during-the-day variation, studied the range of variation, and changes in intraocular pressure and central corneal thickness.
METHODS: In 22 eyes of 22 young volunteers the optical aberrations of higher order were measured by means of a Tscherning-type ocular aberrometer three times during one day (7 AM, 12 noon, 4 PM). In addition, in 12 of these eyes the intraocular pressure and central corneal thickness were measured. The intraocular wavefront aberration was computed using Zernike polynomials up to the sixth order, and Zernike coefficients of third and fourth order were analyzed.

RESULTS: Only the coefficient Z
p 2
4
(C13) showed a significant increase during the day by a mean 0.016 µm. A significant regression could be detected between changes of coefficients Z
p 3
3
, Z^sup -2^
4
, Z
p 0
4
, Z
p 4
4
, and changes of intraocular pressure or central corneal thickness during the day.

CONCLUSIONS: Due to the small values, the measured during-the-day changes of higher order aberrations had no direct practical consequences for the aberrometry-guided corneal laser surgery. Alterations of some Zernike coefficients during the day may be explained by the biomechanical behavior of the cornea. [J Refract Surg 2004;20:236-242]
Ocular Surface Treatment Before Laser in situ Keratomileusis in Patients With Severe Dry Eye
Authors: Toda Ikuko , Asano-Kato Naoko , Hori-Komai Yoshiko , Tsubota Kazuo 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) in patients with severe dry eye associated with Sjögren's syndrome.
METHODS: Three patients (six eyes) with Sjögren's syndrome who underwent bilateral LASIK were retrospectively evaluated for visual outcome, intraoperative and postoperative complications, dry eye status (subjective symptoms and objective findings, Schirmer test, vital staining of the ocular surface), and outcome satisfaction by subjective questionnaire. All patients had negative reflex tearing and were treated with topical autologous serum and/or punctal occlusion prior to LASIK to improve the ocular surface. This treatment was continued postoperatively.
RESULTS: Mean attempted correction of six eyes was -8.46 ± 1.55 D (range -7.00 to -10.63 D). One year after LASIK, mean uncorrected visual acuity was 1.07 (range 0.7 to 1.5), mean best spectacle-corrected visual acuity was 1.29 (range 1.2 to 1.5), and mean refraction was -0.19 ± 0.51 D (range -1.00 to +0.50 D). Tear production, rose bengal and fluorescein staining, and dry eye symptoms were not exacerbated after LASIK. No complications, such as intraoperative epithelial defect, diffuse lamellar keratitis, epithelial ingrowth, or recurrent erosion occurred. All three patients were satisfied with the outcome of their surgery.
CONCLUSION: LASIK can be safely and effectively managed in patients with severe dry eye with reduced reflex tearing by preoperative and postoperative treatments consisting of a combination of artificial tears, topical autologous serum, and punctal occlusion. Careful assessment of preoperative and postoperative ocular surface status is mandatory in such patients. [J Refract Surg 2004;20:270-275]
Limitations of Pupil Tracking in Refractive Surgery: Systematic Error in Determination of Corneal Locations
Authors: Bueeler Michael , Mrochen Michael 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: The goal of this investigation was to show the theoretical limitations of pupil tracking in refractive surgery. The parallax error associated with localizing corneal positions by tracking the subjacent entrance pupil center was quantified.
METHODS: Optical ray-tracing in a schematic model eye was performed to determine the geometric parallax error. The calculations required several assumptions regarding ocular geometry, eye movements, and eye tracker position. Various parameter combinations were evaluated to assess the potential range of error to be expected in clinical practice.
RESULTS: Tracking error can amount to 30% (or more for eye trackers mounted closer than 500 mm to the eye) of the detected lateral shift. Thus, if the eye tracker registers a lateral shift of the entrance pupil of 0.2 mm away from the tracking reference axis, the point of interest located on the cornea would essentially be 0.26 mm away from this reference axis. A laser pulse fired at that moment would be systematically displaced by 60 µm. Our results depended on geometric parameters of the eye and the tracking device. Based on conservative assumptions regarding these geometric parameters, partial compensation could be realized by adding a certain percentage to the modulus of each eye tracker reading.
CONCLUSIONS: The fact that corneal displacement was generally underestimated by up to 30% of the measured entrance pupil shift demonstrates the severity of the parallax effect. [J Refract Surg 2004;20:371-378]
Effect of Laser in situ Keratomileusis on Tear Secretion and Corneal Sensitivity
Authors: Michaeli Adi , Slomovic Allan R , Sakhichand Kar , Rootman David S 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To study changes in corneal sensitivity and Schirmer I scores following laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) and the correlation between the two.
METHODS: Twenty-three patients who had LASIK at The Gimbel Eye Center, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, participated in the study. All were asymptomatic for severe dry eyes before surgery. All patients underwent a Schirmer test (without anesthetic), a filament corneal sensitivity test, and slitlamp microscopy including staining with lissamine green preoperatively and at postoperative time intervals of 3 to 5 days, and 1 and 3 months.
RESULTS: No correlation was found between the difference in Schirmer test scores and the difference in corneal sensitivity, at any timepoint. A nonstatistically significant trend toward a reduction in Schirmer values immediately after surgery was noted, with a return to slightly lower than baseline levels by 3 months. Corneal sensitivity was significantly decreased immediately after surgery and returned to preoperative levels by 3 months (P<.0001). There was a statistically significant effect of age, gender, and mean spherical equivalent refraction on corneal sensitivity (P<.0001) and a significant effect of age on the time trend (P=.02), but not for Schirmer levels or staining.
CONCLUSIONS: A significant reduction in corneal sensitivity immediately following surgery occurred, with a return to preoperative levels by 3 months. Schirmer test scores similarly decreased, although without statistical significance, and returned to near preoperative levels after 3 months. A statistically significant correlation between the reduction in tearing and reduction in corneal sensitivity after LASIK was not demonstrated. [J Refract Surg 2004;20:379-383]