bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nonablative fractional laser therapy for treatment of actinic keratosis with 3‐months follow‐up
Authors: Nourmohammad Pour Pedram , Esmaili Nafise , Ehsani Amirhooshang , Hamzelou Shahin , Nasimi Maryam 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundActinic keratosis (AK) is a common skin disorder that is treated with different treatment modalities.AimsThe aim of this study was to assess the therapeutic effect of a 1540‐nm nonablative fractional laser on the AK.MethodsTen patients with 31 AK were included in the study according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Treatment with nonablative fractional laser (1540 nm) 3 times at 4 weeks intervals in a noncontact mode was applied. Clinical severity was assessed at each session and 3 months after the last session. It is pertinent to mention that the patients were also involved in the assessment of improvement.ResultsThe results of present study showed that in comparison to the baseline, 3‐session AK therapy with nonablative fractional laser significantly not only improved the AK severity by 79%, but also reduced the AK counts (from 31 to 17). On the other hand, the patients consented to the therapeutic effect.ConclusionAccording to the obtained results and available studies, it seems that therapy with a 1540‐nm nonablative fractional laser could be considered as a safe and effective alternative therapeutic option for the treatment of AK.
Distribution of temporomandibular disorders among sleep bruxers and non‐bruxers—A polysomnographic study
Authors: Wieckiewicz Mieszko , Smardz Joanna , Martynowicz Helena , Wojakowska Anna , Mazur Grzegorz , Winocur Efraim 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIntroductionBruxism is often indicated as a risk factor for the occurrence of temporomandibular disorders (TMD). Despite the frequent co‐occurrence of bruxism and TMD, the exact relationship between these phenomena has not been thoroughly explained, and their causal relationship is still considered controversial.AimThe aim of this study was to evaluate the distribution of TMD among sleep bruxers and non‐bruxers.Materials and methodsThe participants of this study were 77 patients of the Clinic of Prosthetic Dentistry operating at the Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Wroclaw Medical University who had been diagnosed with TMD and probable sleep bruxism. Patients underwent video‐polysomnography to assess the intensity of sleep bruxism using the Bruxism Episode Index (BEI).ResultsThe following TMD diagnoses were made: local myalgia, temporal tendonitis, myofascial pain, myofascial pain with referral, hypertrophy, osteoarthrosis, disc displacement with reduction, disc displacement without reduction with limited opening, subluxation, adhesions/adherence, arthralgia, headache attributed to TMD and oromandibular dystonia. None of these occurred statistically significantly more often in the studied group (bruxers; BEI ≥ 2) than in the control group (non‐bruxers; BEI < 2); (P > .05 for all comparisons).ConclusionThe distribution of TMD among sleep bruxers and non‐bruxers is similar. Therefore, the prevalence of sleep bruxism seems not to be a certain risk factor for TMD occurrence.
Content and construct validity of the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders Axis I for children
Authors: Restrepo Claudia C. , Suarez Natasha , Moratto Nadia , Manrique Rubén 
Published: March 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo perform the content and construct validation of the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD) Axis I, for children 7‐11 years old.Materials and MethodsA Delphi process was used to perform the content validity of the DC/TMD Axis I. One hundred eighty‐nine 7‐ to 11‐year‐old children were assessed with the adapted instrument. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to investigate construct validity of the DC/TMD for children. A baseline one‐factor model was compared against a two‐factor (Model 2) and a seven‐factor (Model 3) models based on the original DC/TMD. Root mean squared error of approximation (RMSEA), comparative fit index (CFI), chi‐square, change in chi‐square and Cronbach's α were used to analyse the data. All analyses were performed in STATA© version 13.0.ResultsItems of the DC/TMD were reduced, “history time” was changed to 2 weeks, pain intensity was assessed through a face scale, and language was adapted to be better understood by children. The amount of muscle pressure was maintained as in the original DC/TMD Axis I. The CFA led to a two‐ and a seven‐factor model, with good fit. The internal consistency of Model 2 was .91 and of Model 3, .94.ConclusionThe results of this study provide evidence to support a seven‐factor representation of the DC/TMD Axis I for 7‐ to 11‐year‐old children, as well as a two‐factor structure. Such findings will begin to provide researchers with confidence in the properties of this instrument when considering its inclusion in clinical research.
Emotion Regulation and Middle School Adjustment in Japanese Girls: Mediation by Perceived Social Support
Authors: Kitahara Yuri , Mearns Jack , Shimoyama Haruhiko 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPrior research has stated that successful emotion regulation (ER) contributes to psychological health and favorable interpersonal relationships. However, few studies have explored adaptive ER strategies in a school setting. The present study targeted Japanese female adolescents and examined the relationship between two specific ER strategies (reappraisal and suppression) and school adjustment, with social support as a mediating variable. Two hundred and seventy Japanese middle school girls completed measures of ER, perceived social support, and subjective school adjustment. The results showed that school adjustment was highest among reappraisers, followed by a balanced group who used both strategies with equal frequency, then suppressors. In addition, reappraisal showed both direct and indirect effects on school adjustment, while suppression showed only a negative indirect effect on school adjustment. Our findings suggest that reappraisal is an effective strategy that promotes receiving social support and consequently enhances school adjustment. Suppression, on the other hand, has neither favorable nor harmful impacts on school adjustment, but may, in the long run, result in poorer adjustment by impairing social relationships among adolescent girls.
Performance and welfare of Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L. post‐smolts in recirculating aquaculture systems: Importance of salinity and water velocity
Authors: Ytrestøyl Trine , Takle Harald , Kolarevic Jelena , Calabrese Sara , Timmerhaus Gerrit , Rosseland Bjørn O. , Teien Hans C. , Nilsen Tom O. , Handeland Sigurd O. , Stefansson Sigurd O. , Ebbesson Lars O. E. , Terjesen Bendik F. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractProducing a larger post‐smolt in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) could shorten the production time in sea cages and potentially reduce mortality. Knowledge of the biological requirements of post‐smolts in closed‐containment systems is however lacking. In the present study, the effects of salinity and water velocity on growth, survival, health, and welfare of Atlantic salmon reared in RAS were examined. Salmon smolts were stocked in three separate RAS with salinities of 12, 22, and 32‰ and subjected to high (1.0 body lengths per s−1) or low (0.3 body lengths second−1) water velocity. Growth performance, survival, welfare, and physiological stress responses were monitored until the fish reached a bodyweight of around 450 g. Growth rate was higher at lower salinity and higher water velocity generally had a positive effect on growth in all salinities. Feed conversion ratio was lower at 12‰ compared to the 22 and 32‰ when the fish were between 250 and 450 g. Higher mortality, elevated plasma cortisol levels, higher incidence of cataract, and a higher expression of stress‐induced genes in the skin (iNOS, Muc5ac‐like) indicated a negative effect of higher salinity on fish welfare. Male maturation was low (<1%), and not affected by salinity or water velocity.
Acceptability and feasibility of insect consumption among pregnant women in Liberia
Authors: Coley Katrina M. , Perosky Joseph E. , Nyanplu Aloysius , Kofa Alphonso , Anankware Jacob P. , Moyer Cheryl A. , Lori Jody R. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMaternity waiting homes (MWHs) in Liberia promote facility‐based delivery to reduce maternal mortality. However, women often must bring their own food and supplies to MWHs, which makes food insecurity a barrier to the utilisation of MWHs. Consumption of edible indigenous insects is a common practice and has notable nutritional benefits but has not been studied in Liberia as a potential solution to food insecurity at MWHs. The purpose of this study is to (a) examine the acceptability of insect consumption in the context of Liberian beliefs, (b) identify species commonly consumed by pregnant women in Liberia, and (c) examine the feasibility of harvesting insects as food and income generation for women staying at MWHs. Focus groups were conducted at 18 healthcare facilities in Liberia. Participants included chiefs, community leaders, women of reproductive age, traditional birth attendants, women staying at MWHs, and male partners. Focus group participants identified many different species of insects consumed by pregnant women in the community as well as the perceived health impacts of insect consumption. They also described their own experiences with insect hunting and consumption and the perceived marketability of insects, particularly palm weevil larvae. The results of these discussions demonstrate that insect consumption is an acceptable practice for pregnant women in rural Liberia. These findings suggest that it is feasible to further explore the use of palm weevil larvae as dietary supplementation and income generation for women staying at MWHs in Liberia.
Nurses' knowledge of health literacy, communication techniques, and barriers to the implementation of health literacy programs: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Nantsupawat Apiradee , Wichaikhum Orn‐Anong , Abhicharttibutra Kulwadee , Kunaviktikul Wipada , Nurumal Mohd Said Bin , Poghosyan Lusine 
Published: March 2020

AbstractNurses' health literacy knowledge and communication skills are essential for improving patients' health literacy. Yet, research on nurses' health literacy knowledge and perception is limited. The study aimed to evaluate nurses' health literacy knowledge, communication techniques, and barriers to the implementation of health literacy interventions. A cross‐sectional study was used, and a total of 1697 nurses in 104 community hospitals in Thailand completed self‐report measures. Approximately 55% of the participants had heard about the concept of health literacy; 9% had received formal training specific to interaction with patients with low health literacy. About 50% of the nurses were aware of their patients' low health literacy; therefore, they applied the recommended communication techniques for them. Delivery of effective health literacy training was hampered by a lack of assessment tools, health literacy training and specialists, educational materials, and health provider time. Hospital administrators, nurse managers, health leaders should develop strategies to create environments and resources supporting health literacy interventions.
Breeding banana (Musa spp.) for drought tolerance: A review
Authors: Nansamba Moureen , Sibiya Julia , Tumuhimbise Robooni , Karamura Deborah , Kubiriba Jerome , Karamura Eldad 
Published: March 2020

AbstractDrought is a major abiotic stress affecting banana production worldwide, leading to yield losses of up to 65%. Consequently, numerous efforts to understand and mitigate drought effects that include developing tolerant crop varieties are ongoing in several banana breeding programmes. The breeding efforts, however, have been greatly slowed down by inherent banana problems (polyploidy and male or female sterility) and complexity of drought tolerance (reportedly controlled by several genes). This review summarizes the pertinent research findings on water requirements of banana for its proper growth and productivity, symptoms of drought‐sensitive varieties and field management strategies to cope with drought stress. The coping strategies deployed by resistant cultivars include high assimilation rates and water retention capacity as well as minor losses in leaf area and gaseous exchange. Reduced bunch weight, leaf chlorosis, wilting and strangled birth are underlined to be directly associated with drought susceptibility. Integration of conventional, molecular breeding and biotechnological tools as well as exploitation of the existing banana genetic diversity presents a huge opportunity for successful banana improvement.
Upconversion Nanoparticle‐Assisted Photopolymerization
Authors: Wang Ke , Peña Jhair , Xing Jinfeng 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Near‐infrared (NIR) laser has deeper penetration and lower thermal effect compared with ultraviolet–visible (UV/vis) laser. NIR laser can stimulate upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) to emit UV/vis light efficiently. Therefore, the UCNPs become an important kind of materials to produce upconversion luminescence through NIR laser. Compared with photopolymerization induced with UV/vis laser, the UV/vis light from UCNP‐assisted photopolymerization presents some unique characters. This review focuses on the research progress of UCNP‐assisted photopolymerization and its potential applications. We will discuss the influencing factors of UCNP‐assisted polymerization, illustrate the relation between the gel size and monomer concentration and propose the development prospects of UCNP‐assisted polymerization in the biological field.
Could Charge and Mass be Universals?
Authors: Gilton Marian J. R. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMany issues in metaphysics and philosophy of science concern the status, significance, or theoretical role of properties such as charge and mass. This paper is about the surprising differences in metaphysical character between mass and charge properties. It develops a novel, three‐fold analysis of color charge, and it shows that the same analysis for electric charge is degenerate. Additionally, the formalism for mass raises a different set of considerations for its metaphysical status. Since mass, color charge, and electric charge have these differences, metaphysicians and philosophers of science must reevaluate the ways in which they are accustomed to appealing to these properties.
The presence of CC chemokines and their aberrant role in the porcine corpus luteum
Authors: Witek Krzysztof Jan , Ziecik Adam J. , Małysz‐Cymborska Izabela , Andronowska Aneta 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe process of luteal regression is tightly regulated by the immune system and chemokines—small cytokines responsible mostly for the activation and migration of immune cells. The role of chemokines in porcine corpus luteum (CL) function is still not well understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression profile and distribution of CC chemokines in the porcine CL during the natural oestrous cycle and early pregnancy. Additionally, the effect of PGF2α on the expression of selected chemokines and their luteotropic and apoptotic influence on CL cells were studied in vitro. The expression levels of the chemokines CCL2, CCL4, and CCL5 and the chemokine receptor CCR5 were time‐dependent (low on Days 8–10 and high on Days 12–14 of the oestrous cycle). Moreover, CCL8 and CCR2 transcript levels were also elevated during the period of luteolysis. The immunolocalization of CCL2, CCL4, CCL5, CCR1, CCR2 and CCR5 was determined using CL sections obtained from cycling and pregnant pigs. The immunofluorescence signals were localized mainly in luteal cells. PGF2α treatment of CL cells caused increased mRNA expression of CCL2 and CCR1. CCL2 treatment alone upregulated the expression of genes BAX, BCL2 and StAR in CL cells in vitro, but additional experiments showed that the chemokines CCL2, CCL4 and CCL5 alone do not cause apoptosis in a mixed population of CL cells. The chemokine CCL4 increased the transcript levels of StAR and HSD3‐β1. Additionally, CCL5 led to the inhibition of BAX gene expression. The differential spatiotemporal expression of CCL2, CCL4, CCL5 and CCR5 throughout the oestrous cycle and the direct but aberrant effect of these three chemokines on genes associated with apoptosis and progesterone synthesis indicate the complicated involvement of these factors in the regulation of luteolysis in pigs.
Early and pervasive dolomitization by near‐normal marine fluids: New lessons from an Eocene evaporative setting in Qatar
Authors: Ryan Brooks H. , Kaczmarek Stephen E. , Rivers John M. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe upper Palaeocene–lower Eocene Umm er Radhuma Formation in the subsurface of Qatar is dominated by subtidal carbonate depositional packages overlain by bedded evaporites. In Saudi Arabia and Kuwait, peritidal carbonate depositional sequences with intercalated evaporites and carbonates in Umm er Radhuma have been previously interpreted to have been dolomitized via downward reflux of hypersaline brines. Here, textural, mineralogical and geochemical data from three research cores in Qatar are presented which, in contrast, are more consistent with dolomitization by near‐normal marine fluids. Petrographic relationships support a paragenetic sequence whereby dolomitization occurred prior to the formation of all other diagenetic mineral phases, including chert, pyrite, palygorskite, gypsum, calcite and chalcedony, which suggests that dolomitization occurred very early. The dolomites occur as finely crystalline mimetic dolomites, relatively coarse planar‐e dolomites, and coarser nonplanar dolomites, all of which are near‐stoichiometric (50.3 mol% MgCO3) and well‐ordered (0.73). The dolomite stable isotope values (range −2.5‰ to +1‰; meanδ18O = −0.52‰) and trace element concentrations (Sr = 40 to 150 ppm and Na = 100 to 600 ppm) are compatible with dolomitization by near‐normal seawater or mesohaline fluids. Comparisons betweenδ18O values from Umm er Radhuma dolomite and the overlying Rus Formation gypsum further suggest that dolomitization did not occur in fluids related to Rus evaporites. This study provides an example of early dolomitization of evaporite‐related carbonates by near‐normal seawater rather than by refluxing hypersaline brines from overlying bedded evaporites. Further, it adds to recent work suggesting that dolomitization by near‐normal marine fluids in evaporite‐associated settings may be more widespread than previously recognized.
A comprehensive phylogeny of flat bark beetles (Coleoptera: Cucujidae) with a revised classification and a new South American genus
Authors: Jin Mengjie , Zwick Andreas , Ślipiński Adam , Marris John W. M. , Thomas Michael C. , Pang Hong 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe phylogenetic relationships within the beetle family Cucujidae were investigated for the first time. Fifty‐seven morphological characters were used for maximum parsimony and Bayesian analyses. Mitochondrial genomes were generated from museum specimens through genome skimming and used for phylogenetic analyses in a maximum likelihood framework due to the difficulty in collecting many of the Cucujidae species and the lack of availability of ethanol‐preserved specimens. Both morphological and molecular analyses supported the monophyly of the four established genera: Cucujus Fabricius, Pediacus Shuckard, Palaestes Perty, and Platisus Erichson. They also led to the description of a new genus, Thesaurus gen.n., from South America, and the recognition of two new subfamilies, Pediacinae subfam.n. and Platisinae subfam.n. Diagnoses of Cucujidae subfamilies and genera are provided along with illustrations and keys for their identification. Phylogenetic relationships between the genera were analysed and discussed based on morphological and molecular data. Three new species were described in Thesaurus gen.n.: T. albertalleni gen. et sp.n. from Venezuela, T. zaitsevi sp.n. from Peru, and T. macclarini sp.n. from Ecuador. Illustrations and a key to species are provided. The previously unknown larvae of Palaestes and Thesaurus are illustrated and described for the first time. The Eocene fossil species, Platisus punctatus (Ramírez, Corsolini & Di Iorio), from Patagonia, Argentina, is here transferred to the genus Thesaurus.This published work has been registered in ZooBank, http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:BF6C58C0‐C390‐4C32‐9243‐2483B6FBE369.
Geochronological constraints on Caledonian strike–slip displacement in Svalbard, with implications for the evolution of the Arctic
Authors: Faehnrich Karol , Majka Jarosław , Schneider David , Mazur Stanisław , Manecki Maciej , Ziemniak Grzegorz , Wala Virginia T. , Strauss Justin V. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe timing of Svalbard's assembly in relation to the mid‐Paleozoic Caledonian collision between Baltica and Laurentia remains contentious. The Svalbard archipelago consists of three basement provinces bounded by N–S‐trending strike–slip faults whose displacement histories are poorly understood. Here, we report microstructural and mineral chemistry data integrated with 40Ar/39Ar muscovite geochronology from the sinistral Vimsodden‐Kosibapasset Shear Zone (VKSZ, southwest Svalbard) and explore its relationship to adjacent structures and regional deformation within the circum‐Arctic. Our results indicate that strike–slip displacement along the VKSZ occurred in late Silurian–Early Devonian and was contemporaneous with the beginning of the main phase of continental collision in Greenland and Scandinavia and the onset of syn‐orogenic sedimentation in Silurian–Devonian fault‐controlled basins in northern Svalbard. These new‐age constraints highlight possible links between escape tectonics in the Caledonian orogen and mid‐Paleozoic terrane transfer across the northern margin of Laurentia.
Retrospective evaluation of a modified human lung cancer stage classification in dogs with surgically excised primary pulmonary carcinomas
Authors: Lee Benjamin M. , Clarke Dawn , Watson Maegan , Laver Travis 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe stage classification for canine primary pulmonary carcinomas (PPC) was last updated in 1980. In people, the human lung cancer stage classification (HLCSC) (currently in its eighth edition) plays an integral role in diagnostic and therapeutic decision‐making and is prognostic despite a heterogeneous population of tumours. The objective of this retrospective case study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of a canine lung carcinoma stage classification (CLCSC) adapted from the HLCSC by removal of substage for ease of application to canine PPC. A secondary objective was to evaluate the effect of adjuvant chemotherapy. Medical records of 71 dogs with histologically confirmed PPC were reviewed. All dogs underwent surgical excision of the primary lung tumour. Primary tumour features (referring to T1‐T4 stages) and TNM stages (1‐4) were assigned using the CLCSC. Canine lung carcinoma stage was I (n = 7), II (n = 32), III (n = 24) and IV (n = 8). Median survival time was 952, 658, 158 and 52 days for stages I‐IV, respectively. Primary tumour features (T1‐T4), incomplete surgical excision, presence of lymph node metastasis and tumour grade were independent prognostic indicators for overall survival. Twenty‐six dogs received adjuvant chemotherapy; however, no statistically significant benefit was found. The CLCSC primary tumour features and stage classification were highly prognostic for survival in dogs with PPC. We propose further application and evaluation of this update to canine PPC stage classification. Given the poor prognosis of advanced stage canine PPC, novel treatments are needed.