bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pregnancy and weight monitoring: A feasibility study of weight charts and midwife support
Authors: Sanders Julia , Channon Sue , Cannings‐John Rebecca , Coulman Elinor , Hunter Billie , Paranjothy Shantini , Warren Lucie , Drew Cheney , Phillips Bethan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAround half of pregnant women in the United Kingdom are overweight or obese. The antenatal period provides an opportunity for encouraging women to adopt positive lifestyle changes, and in recent years, this has included development of strategies to support women in avoiding excessive gestational weight gain. The objective of this interventional cohort study was to incorporate individualised gestational weight monitoring charts supported by motivational interviewing (MI)‐based conversations into midwifery‐led antenatal care and assess potential of the intervention for further development and evaluation. The study setting was a community midwifery team within a large maternity unit. The study explored the facilitators and barriers to engagement with the intervention as experienced by women and midwives; 52 women were recruited, of whom 48 were included in the analysis. A single training session was found adequate to prepare midwives to use antenatal weight charts but was insufficient to result in the incorporation of motivational interview techniques into clinical practice. We did not find sufficient evidence to recommend effectiveness testing of this intervention, and there is currently insufficient evidence to support reintroducing regular weighing of pregnant women into UK antenatal care. Given the public health importance of reducing rates of obesity, future interventions aimed at controlling gestational weight gain should continue to be developed but need to include innovative strategies particularly for women who are already obese or gain weight above that recommended.
Gene correlation networks reveal the transcriptomic response to elevated nitrogen in a photosynthetic sponge
Authors: Luter Heidi M. , Kenkel Carly D. , Terzin Marko , Peirce Tyler , Laffy Patrick W. , Gibb Karen , Webster Nicole S. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractNutrient levels in coastal environments have been increasing globally due to elevated inputs of sewage and terrigenous sediments carrying fertilizers. Yet, despite their immense filtering capacities, marine sponges appear to be less affected by elevated nutrients than sympatric benthic organisms, such as corals. While the molecular‐level stress response of sponges to elevated seawater temperatures and other toxicants has been defined, this study represents the first global gene expression analysis of how sponges respond to elevated nitrogen. Gene correlation network analysis revealed that sponge gene modules, coded by colours, became either highly upregulated (Blue) or downregulated (Turquoise, Black, Brown) as nitrogen treatment levels increased. Gene Ontology enrichment analysis of the different modules revealed genes involved in cell signalling, immune response and flagella motility were affected by increasing nitrogen levels. Notably, a decrease in the regulation of NF‐kappaB signalling and an increase in protein degradation was identified, which is comparable to metabolic pathways associated with the sponge thermal stress response. These results highlight that Cymbastela stipitata can rapidly respond to changes in the external environment and identifies pathways that probably contribute to the ability of C. stipitata to tolerate short‐term nutrient pulses.
Gene duplications, divergence and recombination shape adaptive evolution of the fish ectoparasite Gyrodactylus bullatarudis
Authors: Konczal Mateusz , Przesmycka Karolina J. , Mohammed Ryan S. , Phillips Karl P. , Camara Francisco , Chmielewski Sebastian , Hahn Christoph , Guigo Roderic , Cable Jo , Radwan Jacek 
Published: March 2020

AbstractDetermining the molecular basis of parasite adaptation to its host is an important component in understanding host–parasite coevolution and the epidemiology of parasitic infections. Here, we investigate short‐ and long‐term adaptive evolution in the eukaryotic parasite Gyrodactylus bullatarudis infecting Caribbean guppies (Poecilia reticulata), by comparing the reference genome of Tobagonian G. bullatarudis with other Platyhelminthes, and by analysing resequenced samples from local Trinidadian populations. At the macroevolutionary timescale, we observed duplication of G‐protein and serine proteases genes, which are probably important in host–parasite arms races. Serine protease also showed strong evidence of ongoing, diversifying selection at the microevolutionary timescale. Furthermore, our analyses revealed that a hybridization event, involving two divergent genomes, followed by recombination has dramatically affected the genetic composition of Trinidadian populations. The recombinant genotypes invaded Trinidad and replaced local parasites in all populations. We localized more than 300 genes in regions fixed in local populations for variants of different origin, possibly due to diversifying selection pressure from local host populations. In addition, around 70 genes were localized in regions identified as heterozygous in some, but not all, individuals. This pattern is consistent with a very recent spread of recombinant parasites. Overall, our results are consistent with the idea that recombination between divergent genomes can result in particularly successful parasites.
Genetic polymorphisms of transient receptor potential melastatin 1 correlate with voriconazole‐related visual adverse events
Authors: Jiang Ying‐Kui , Wang Rui‐Ying , Wang Xuan , Zhao Hua‐Zhen , Zhou Ling‐Hong , Huang Li‐Ping , Yip Ching‐Wan , Cheng Jia‐Hui , Que Chun‐Xing , Jiang Chen , Zhu Li‐Ping 
Published: March 2020

SummaryBackgroundCauses of voriconazole‐related visual adverse events (VVAE) remained controversial.ObjectivesWe aimed to explore the relationship between voriconazole serum concentrations and VVAE as well as the potential influence of transient receptor potential melastatin 1 (TRPM1) on VVAE.Patients/methodsThis prospective observational cohort study was done in two stages. Patients who received voriconazole for invasive fungal diseases were consecutively enrolled. Correlations between voriconazole trough levels and VVAE were explored in 76 patients. Genotyping was further conducted for 17 tag SNPs of TRPM1 in a larger population of 137 patients. Genotype distributions were compared between patients with and without VVAE.ResultOf the 76 patients, a total of 229 steady‐state voriconazole trough levels were evaluated, 69.9% of which were within the target range (1‐5.5 mg/L). No correlations were found between voriconazole trough levels and VVAE. Of the total 137 patients, VVAE occurred in 37 (27.0%) patients, including visual hallucination (13.9%, 19/137) and visual disturbances (19.0%, 26/137). Significant difference in TRPM1 genotype distribution was only observed in patients with visual hallucination but not with visual disturbances. We found that rs890160 G/T genotype was under‐presented (OR, 0.11; 95% CI, 0.01‐0.84; P = .011) and rs1378847 C/C genotype was more frequently detected (OR, 8.89; 95% CI, 1.14‐69.02; P = .013) in patients with visual hallucination when compared with those without.ConclusionTransient receptor potential melastatin 1 was genetically associated with voriconazole‐related visual hallucination. The correlation was failed to found between voriconazole trough levels and VVAE.
Intestinal resident macrophages: Multitaskers of the gut
Authors: Viola Maria Francesca , Boeckxstaens Guy 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundIntestinal resident macrophages play a crucial role in homeostasis and have been implicated in numerous gastrointestinal diseases. While historically believed to be largely of hematopoietic origin, recent advances in fate‐mapping technology have unveiled the existence of long‐lived, self‐maintaining populations located in specific niches throughout the gut wall. Furthermore, the advent of single‐cell technology has enabled an unprecedented characterization of the functional specialization of tissue‐resident macrophages throughout the gastrointestinal tract.PurposeThe purpose of this review was to provide a panorama on intestinal resident macrophages, with particular focus to the recent advances in the field. Here, we discuss the functions and phenotype of intestinal resident macrophages and, where possible, the functional specialization of these cells in response to the niche they occupy. Furthermore, we will discuss their role in gastrointestinal diseases.
Psoralen Derivatives with Enhanced Potency
Authors: Buhimschi Alexandru D. , Gooden David M. , Jing Hongwu , Fels Diane R. , Hansen Katherine S. , Beyer Wayne F. , Dewhirst Mark W. , Walder Harold , Gasparro Francis P. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPsoralen is a furocoumarin natural product that intercalates within DNA and forms covalent adducts when activated by ultraviolet radiation. It is well known that this property contributes to psoralen’s clinical efficacy in several disease contexts, which include vitiligo, psoriasis, graft‐versus‐host disease and cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma. Given the therapeutic relevance of psoralen and its derivatives, we attempted to synthesize psoralens with even greater potency. In this study, we report a library of 73 novel psoralens, the largest collection of its kind. When screened for the ability to reduce cell proliferation, we identified two derivatives even more cytotoxic than 4′‐aminomethyl‐4,5′,8‐trimethylpsoralen (AMT), one of the most potent psoralens identified to date. Using MALDI‐TOF MS, we studied the DNA adduct formation for a subset of novel psoralens and found that in most cases enhanced DNA binding correlated well with cytotoxicity. Generally, our most potent derivatives contain positively charged substituents, which we believe increase DNA affinity and enhance psoralen intercalation. Thus, we provide a rational approach to guide efforts toward further optimizing psoralens to fully capitalize on this drug class’ therapeutic potential. Finally, the structure–activity insights we have gained shed light on several opportunities to study currently underappreciated aspects of psoralen’s mechanism.
Long‐term Effects of 222‐nm ultraviolet radiation C Sterilizing Lamps on Mice Susceptible to Ultraviolet Radiation
Authors: Yamano Nozomi , Kunisada Makoto , Kaidzu Sachiko , Sugihara Kazunobu , Nishiaki‐Sawada Aiko , Ohashi Hiroyuki , Yoshioka Ai , Igarashi Tatsushi , Ohira Akihiro , Tanito Masaki , Nishigori Chikako 
Published: March 2020

AbstractGermicidal lamps that emit primarily 254 nm ultraviolet radiation (UV) are routinely utilized for surface sterilization but cannot be used for human skin because they cause genotoxicity. As an alternative, 222‐nm UVC has been reported to exert sterilizing ability comparable to that of 254‐nm UVC without producing cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs), the major DNA lesions caused by UV. However, there has been no clear evidence for safety in chronic exposure to skin, particularly with respect to carcinogenesis. We therefore investigated the long‐term effects of 222‐nm UVC on skin using a highly photocarcinogenic phenotype mice that lack xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group A (Xpa‐) gene, which is involved in repairing of CPDs. CPDs formation was recognized only uppermost layer of epidermis even with high dose of 222‐nm UVC exposure. No tumors were observed in Xpa‐knockout mice and wild‐type mice by repetitive irradiation with 222‐nm UVC, using a protocol which had shown to produce tumor in Xpa‐knockout mice irradiated with broad‐band UVB. Furthermore, erythema and ear swelling were not observed in both genotype mice following 222‐nm UVC exposure. Our data suggest that 222‐nm UVC lamps can be safely used for sterilizing human skin as far as the perspective of skin cancer development.
Next‐generation sequencing of HLA: validation and identification of new polymorphisms in a Brazilian population
Authors: Fabreti‐Oliveira Raquel A. , Oliveira Cintia K. F. , Vale Eliane M. G. , Nascimento Evaldo 
Published: March 2020

BackgroundNext‐generation sequencing (NGS) is the most modern sequencing technique that has revolutionized HLA typing, providing high‐resolution results with low ambiguity rates. This study aimed to show the experiences and challenges of an HLA laboratory in the validation process of the NGS methodology for HLA typing and show the use of this method for the study of HLA genetic diversity.MethodsWe used 115 samples that comprised a comprehensive testing panel for validation of the NGS methodology using the AllType kit (One Lambda, Canoga Park, California) on the Ion Torrent S5 NGS platform. All quality metrics were analyzed. During validation, two new HLA sequences were identified and named by the HLA Nomenclature Committee.ResultsA total of 1380 alleles from the HLA‐A, ‐B, ‐C, ‐DRB1, ‐DQB1, and ‐DPB1 loci were examined by NGS. This validation panel provided a wide range of HLA sequence variations, including non‐CWD HLA alleles, new variants, and homozygous alleles. The concordance rate with Sanger sequencing‐based typing was 100.0% for HLA‐A, ‐B, ‐C, ‐DRB1, ‐DQB1, and 99.93% for HLA‐DPB1. The newly identified HLA alleles were HLA‐B*14:69N and HLA‐DQB1*02:145.ConclusionWe have successfully validated NGS HLA typing despite numerous challenges, contributing to the identification of novel alleles that impact on HLA matching and antibody evaluation in organ and tissue transplantation.
Monte Carlo Ray Tracing-Coupled Computational Fluid Dynamic Modeling and Experimental Testing of a 1-kW Solar Cavity Receiver Radiated via 7-kW HFSS
Authors: Ophoff Cedric , Ozalp Nesrin , Moens David 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Current state-of-the-art development of concentrated solar power (CSP) applications targets cost-effective and highly efficient processes in order to establish commercialization of these technologies. The design of solar receivers/reactors and their respective flow configuration have a direct impact on the operational performance of the solar thermochemical processes. Thermal efficiencies, reaction kinetics, and other key output metrics are the intrinsic result of the chosen configuration. Therefore, reactor design optimization plays a crucial role in the development of solar thermochemical applications. In this study, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of a directly-irradiated cavity receiver has been developed. The CFD-domain is coupled with incoming radiation that is obtained by using Monte Carlo ray tracing (MCRT). Experimental campaigns of the cavity receiver were carried out using a 7-kW high flux solar simulator (HFSS) as a radiative source. Temperature readings were obtained at different locations inside the cavity receiver for both wall and gas temperatures. In order to mimic naturally changing insolation conditions, the HFSS was run at different power levels. Heat flux at the aperture of the solar receiver was experimentally characterized. The acquired heat flux maps validated the intermediate results obtained with the MCRT method. The coupled computational model was validated against the measured temperatures at different locations inside the receiver. Computed temperature contours inside the receiver confirmed the experimentally observed non-uniformity of the axial temperature distribution. The validated analysis presented in this paper was then used as a baseline case for a parametric study. Design optimization efforts were undertaken toward obtaining temperature uniformity and achieving efficient heat transfer within the fluid domain. Enhanced flow circulation was achieved which yielded temperature uniformity of the receiver at steady-state conditions. The outcome of this parametric analysis provided valuable insights into the development of thermal efficient solar cavity receivers. Hence, findings of this study will serve as a starting point for the future solar reactor design. For example, it was found that reversing flow direction has an adverse effect on the temperature uniformity inside the receiver. Similarly, increasing the inlet angle does not positively affect the temperature distribution and hence should be chosen carefully when designing a solar reactor.
Reported and Device-Based Physical Activity By Race/Ethnic Groups in Young-Old Women
Authors: Stewart Andrea , Sternfeld Barbara , Lange-Maia Brittney S. , Ylitalo Kelly R. , Colvin Alicia , Karvonen-Gutierrez Carrie A. , Dugan Sheila A. , Green Robin R. , Pettee Gabriel Kelley 
Published: March 2020

Purpose: To examine racial/ethnic differences in participant-reported and device-based estimates of sedentary and physical activity behaviors and correlations between measurement methods in midlife and young-old women. Methods: Data are from 1,257 Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation participants, aged 60–72 who agreed to participate in an accelerometer protocol and had valid wear time (46% White, 26% Black, 12% Chinese, 10% Japanese, 6% Hispanic). Measures from the Kaiser Physical Activity Scale (KPAS) and ActiGraph wGT3X-BT were summarized overall and by race/ethnic groups. Partial Spearman rank order correlation coefficients between the KPAS and accelerometer were computed overall and by race/ethnic groups. Fisher’s z transformation-derived confidence intervals were calculated to evaluate differences in observed correlations in the various race/ethnic groups, compared to White women. Results: Participants spent an average of 7.5 ± 2.1 h·d−1 in sedentary behaviors, 4.5 ± 1.1 h·d−1 and 2.3 ± 0.8 h·d−1 in low or high light intensity physical activity, respectively, and 56 ± 35 min·d−1 in moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity. Time spent in each category differed by race/ethnic group. Overall, correlation coefficients comparing the KPAS domain-specific and total physical activity scores with accelerometry were low to moderate (range: 0.062–0.462), and few statistically significant differences in correlations were noted for race/ethnic groups, compared to White women. Conclusions: Study findings complement prior studies describing sedentary and physical activity behaviors using multi-methods in a diverse population of older women, and provide additional evidence on the convergent validity of the KPAS by race/ethnic groups.
Academic Achievement and Physical Activity: The Ideal Relationship to Promote a Healthier Lifestyle in Adolescents
Authors: Estrada-Tenorio Sergio , Julián José A. , Aibar Alberto , Martín-Albo José , Zaragoza Javier 
Published: March 2020

Background: School environment provides several intervention opportunities for physical activity. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between objectively assessed moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and academic achievement in adolescents. Methods: Cross-sectional data were collected from 301 students aged between 13 and 15 years (46.51% boys), enrolled at 7 secondary schools in the city of Huesca (Spain). Participants wore accelerometers during a 7-day period, and their academic achievement was calculated from the average marks of all subjects. Structural equation modeling and quadratic regression analysis were performed to test both linear and nonlinear explanatory models. One-way analysis of variance was also performed to explore the effect of gender and the percentage of compliance with MVPA recommendations. Results: MVPA on weekdays and higher levels of body mass index were negatively associated with academic achievement. According to the curvilinear relationship, those students whose MVPA levels were closer to the daily recommendation were more likely to obtain higher academic achievement. However, a significant association was only shown in the case of boys. Conclusions: Adolescents who satisfy the international recommendations tend to obtain better academic achievement. Therefore, MVPA for adolescents should be prescribed within some beneficial time margins (50–70 min/d).
Infrared Thermography Protocol on Reducing the Incidence of Soccer Injuries
Authors: Gómez-Carmona Pedro , Fernández-Cuevas Ismael , Sillero-Quintana Manuel , Arnaiz-Lastras Javier , Navandar Archit 
Published: March 2020

Context: Infrared thermography has been used to detect skeletal muscle overload and fatigue in athletes, but its use in injury prevention in professional soccer has not been studied to date. Objectives: To establish a novel injury prevention program based on infrared thermography and to determine its influence on the injury incidence in professional soccer players in the preseason. Design: A cross-sectional, prospective study design was used to compare a conventional injury prevention program (CPP) applied over the first preseason and an infrared thermography injury prevention program (IRTPP) carried out in the following preseason. Setting: Soccer training ground. Participants: Twenty-four players belonging to a first division soccer team from Spain. Main Outcome Measures: Injury incidences of each player were recorded according to the Orchard Sports Injury Classification System (version 10.0) convention to determine the injury classification, location, and type. Results: The incidence of injuries decreased from 15 injuries in the CPP preseason (0.63 [0.77] injuries per player) to 6 injuries in the second preseason when the IRTPP was applied (0.25 [0.53] injuries per player). The days of absence due to injuries also decreased from the CPP preseason (156 d, 10.4 [11.0] d per injury) to the IRTPP preseason (14 d, 2.3 [2.8] d per injury). The injury severity also decreased from the first preseason to the second preseason, and fewer musculoskeletal injuries in the thigh, hip, and groin were reported. Conclusions: The implementation of an IRTPP can reduce the presence of injuries by identifying players potentially at risk and as a result, reducing the injury severity and days lost as a consequence.
The Changing Wildlife Tableau of Hunting Magazine Covers
Authors: von Essen Erica 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Hunting trophies are shown to be undergoing socialization in photos. They are no longer personal souvenirs that serve a purely introspective function for the individual. Hunting photos are discussed, critiqued, and conspicuously displayed across online and print platforms. They are shared between hunters and lately also between hunters and the public. Criteria for good hunting photos reflect the changing modality and times in which photos are shared. The ways hunters stage, compose, and manipulate their hunting tableaux evolve to address external and internal pressures regarding their representation. This evolution is illustrated in qualitative interviews with hunting magazine editors and hunting photographers in Sweden, as well as review of 320 hunting magazine covers from 1960s to today. To this new class of hunter-artists, the presentation of the quarry as object or sovereign wildlife changes the hunting tableau and also responds to contested ideals of authenticity in nature.
Remoulding of Ideology through Remediation
Authors: Atashi Laleh 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This article examines an intermedial adaptation, focusing on the potentials of two different media in the presentation of conflicting ideologies in Iran: Tabar (“Axe”) (1980, dir. Ahmad Arabani), a silent animation, and the picture book of the same title, by Shekoofeh Taqi and Manoochehr Dehqan, published in 1985. The two works have been chosen because they were both published at a time when Iran was tackling serious internal and external tensions after the Islamic Revolution. The ideological content of both the picture book and the animation can shed light on the discourse of didacticism that prevailed in Iran during the 1980s. Both works feature deforestation as a threat, but patriotism is the theme of the animation, whereas female resistance against male oppression is the message of the picture book.