bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
X-ray linear dichroic tomography of crystallographic and topological defects
Authors: Apseros Andreas , Scagnoli Valerio , Holler Mirko , Guizar-Sicairos Manuel , Gao Zirui , Appel Christian , Heyderman Laura J. , Donnelly Claire , Ihli Johannes 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe functionality of materials is determined by their composition1–4 and microstructure, that is, the distribution and orientation of crystalline grains, grain boundaries and the defects within them5,6. Until now, characterization techniques that map the distribution of grains, their orientation and the presence of defects have been limited to surface investigations, to spatial resolutions of a few hundred nanometres or to systems of thickness around 100 nm, thus requiring destructive sample preparation for measurements and preventing the study of system-representative volumes or the investigation of materials under operational conditions7–15. Here we present X-ray linear dichroic orientation tomography (XL-DOT), a quantitative, non-invasive technique that allows for an intragranular and intergranular characterization of extended polycrystalline and non-crystalline16 materials in three dimensions. We present the detailed characterization of a polycrystalline sample of vanadium pentoxide (V2O5), a key catalyst in the production of sulfuric acid17. We determine the nanoscale composition, microstructure and crystal orientation throughout the polycrystalline sample with 73 nm spatial resolution. We identify and characterize grains, as well as twist, tilt and twin grain boundaries. We further observe the creation and annihilation of topological defects promoted by the presence of volume crystallographic defects. The non-destructive and spectroscopic nature of our method opens the door to operando combined chemical and microstructural investigations11,18 of functional materials, including energy, mechanical and quantum materials.
Central control of dynamic gene circuits governs T cell rest and activation
Authors: Arce Maya M. , Umhoefer Jennifer M. , Arang Nadia , Kasinathan Sivakanthan , Freimer Jacob W. , Steinhart Zachary , Shen Haolin , Pham Minh T. N. , Ota Mineto , Wadhera Anika , Dajani Rama , Dorovskyi Dmytro , Chen Yan Yi , Liu Qi , Zhou Yuan , Swaney Danielle L. , Obernier Kirsten , Shy Brian R. , Carnevale Julia , Satpathy Ansuman T. , Krogan Nevan J. , Pritchard Jonathan K. , Marson Alexander 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The ability of cells to maintain distinct identities and respond to transient environmental signals requires tightly controlled regulation of gene networks1–3. These dynamic regulatory circuits that respond to extracellular cues in primary human cells remain poorly defined. The need for context-dependent regulation is prominent in T cells, where distinct lineages must respond to diverse signals to mount effective immune responses and maintain homeostasis4–8. Here we performed CRISPR screens in multiple primary human CD4+ T cell contexts to identify regulators that control expression of IL-2Rα, a canonical marker of T cell activation transiently expressed by pro-inflammatory effector T cells and constitutively expressed by anti-inflammatory regulatory T cells where it is required for fitness9–11. Approximately 90% of identified regulators of IL-2Rα had effects that varied across cell types and/or stimulation states, including a subset that even had opposite effects across conditions. Using single-cell transcriptomics after pooled perturbation of context-specific screen hits, we characterized specific factors as regulators of overall rest or activation and constructed state-specific regulatory networks. MED12 — a component of the Mediator complex — serves as a dynamic orchestrator of key regulators, controlling expression of distinct sets of regulators in different T cell contexts. Immunoprecipitation–mass spectrometry revealed that MED12 interacts with the histone methylating COMPASS complex. MED12 was required for histone methylation and expression of genes encoding key context-specific regulators, including the rest maintenance factor KLF2 and the versatile regulator MYC. CRISPR ablation of MED12 blunted the cell-state transitions between rest and activation and protected from activation-induced cell death. Overall, this work leverages CRISPR screens performed across conditions to define dynamic gene circuits required to establish resting and activated T cell states.
Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor (MPNST) of the Uterine Cervix – A Systematic Literature Review and New Case Report with Possible New Therapeutic Approaches
Authors: He Wei , Hu Zhi Min , Yang Zhi Hui , Wang Qin , Schwenzer Thomas Christoph 
Published: December 2024

AbstractMalignant schwannomas of the visceral organs are extremely rare. To date, 19 cases of cervical schwannoma have been reported in the literature worldwide. A single case prompted a review of the literature. The differential diagnosis between melanoma and schwannoma is made using the marker HMB-45, which is positive for melanoma and negative for schwannoma. This differentiation allowed us to identify two of the 20 cases that were probably not schwannomas.The prognosis of malignant cervical schwannoma is poor. Approximately half of the cases develop local recurrence or distant metastases within a short time, despite resection in healthy tissue.In one case, gene sequencing revealed a potential treatment approach with the mTOR inhibitor everolimus and trastuzumab. Unfortunately, the potential efficacy of these treatment options could not be tested because the patient was being treated at another hospital at the time of relapse, and they did not use a drug that matched the NGS profile.
CFTR Modulator Treatment in Children<12 Years of Age – Status Quo
and Challenges
Authors: Funken Dominik , Schütz Katharina , Dittrich Anna-Maria 
Published: December 2024

AbstractCystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disease that results from mutations in the CFTR
gene. It primarily affects the lungs and digestive system. Recent advancements
in the treatment of CF have been driven by highly effective therapies that
modulate the function of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator
(CFTR) protein, which target the underlying molecular defects in CFTR function.
These modulators have been demonstrated to significantly improve lung function,
weight gain, and quality of life for 90% of individuals with CF, particularly
those with the F508del mutation. HEMT has also demonstrated potential benefits
for pancreatic and liver function, and its early use in young children may delay
or prevent disease progression. However, challenges remain in optimizing
biomarkers and outcome measures for younger children, addressing side effects,
and developing novel therapies for mutations not responsive to current
treatments. This review focuses on the efficacy, safety, and future perspectives
of HEMT in children under 12 years of age, emphasizing the importance of early
intervention to improve long-term outcomes in CF patients.
The effects of a 24-week exercise intervention and detraining on
individuals with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities
Authors: Jacinto Miguel , Monteiro Diogo , Coelho Luís , Diz Susana , Matos Rui , Amaro Nuno , Antunes Raul 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Objetive Regular physical exercise can promote physical fitness, reduce
the risk of chronic diseases, increase independence and success in daily
activities, and promote quality of life for individuals with intellectual and
developmental disabilities (IDD). On the one hand, if this exercise practice is
discontinued or interrupted, the associated beneficial effects can be lost. The
aim of this study was to examine possible changes in body composition and
physical and functional fitness variables after regular practice of a physical
exercise program, as well as after the same period of detraining.
Materials and Methods This study followed a quasi-experimental methodology
of 6 months of physical exercise, followed by 6 months of interruption. The
sample consisted of 10 individuals with IDD, with an average age of 43.2 years
(SD=9.47). Weight, body mass index, handgrip, Timed Up and Go and Sit to Stand
were assessed at initial intervention, post-intervention, and follow-up.
Results Participants improved in all variables after the intervention
program, but only significantly in the handgrip test (Bonferroni corrected:
t=1.05; p=0.019; W=0.21). After 6 months without regular exercise, the
participants showed a decline in physical and functional fitness variables, but
only in handgrip significantly (p=0.044).
Conclusions Although there are some gains from physical exercise program,
there seems to be a loss of these gains after the end of the program. It is
therefore recommended to avoid the period of detraining, which is fundamental to
promoting the benefits of exercise, healthy ageing, independence, success in
carrying out activities of daily living and quality of life.
Comparison of Ocular Biometry Measurements from Two Swept-Source OCT Devices: Eyestar 900 vs. Anterion
Authors: Kool van Langenberghe Julian V. , Schwarzer Petra , Jahn Tobias , Tappeiner Christoph , Kyroudis Dimitrios , Vrbka Eva , Goldblum David 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background Advanced swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) devices are the current gold standard for the measurement of ocular biometric and keratometric parameters, which are essential for the calculation and selection of intraocular lenses (IOLs). This study compares the agreement of two SS-OCT devices, the Eyestar 900 (Haag-Streit, Köniz, Switzerland) and the Anterion (Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany).
Materials and Methods All patients undergoing cataract surgery or seeking consultation for corneal abnormalities between January 2024 and May 2024 were eligible for inclusion. Both eyes were included in the final analysis.
Results A sample of 86 eyes from 43 patients was analysed. The mean differences (ES-AN) across all data between the Eyestar 900 (ES) and Anterion (AN) were as follows: anterior chamber depth (ACD) − 0.080 mm (ICC > 0.926), axial length (AL) 0.015 mm (ICC > 0.99), central corneal thickness (CCT) 0.914 µm (ICC > 0.921), corneal curvature along the flat meridian (K1) − 0.024 D (ICC > 0.904), and steep meridian (K2) − 0.210 D (ICC > 0.902), white-to-white corneal diameter (WTW) 0.215 mm (ICC > 0.81). There was excellent agreement for ACD, AL, CCT, K1, K2, and WTW. However, the corneal axis (AX) showed only moderate agreement (ICC > 0.389), with a mean difference of 5.97° and a notable standard deviation of 58.6°.
Conclusions The Eyestar 900 and Anterion demonstrated substantial agreement for all parameters except for the corneal meridian axis. It may be assumed that the inclusion of eyes with irregular corneal topographies may have contributed to this discrepancy.
Summary Overall, there was a high level of agreement between the Eyestar 900 and Anterion. It is reasonable to assume that the measurement outcomes provided by both devices are interchangeable for the calculation of target refractive outcomes for intraocular lenses, with no clinically relevant differences.
Endovascular Treatment of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension Secondary to Venous Stenosis
Authors: Haas Leandro José , Severino Wesley , Wandall Guilherme , Mees Wallace , Scheidt Gabriela , Przysiezny Bernardo , Zimmermann Amanda , Staedele Guilherme , Sabel Bruno Rafael , Martins Júlia , Hessmann Julia Dumes 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Introduction Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a condition characterized by signs and symptoms of elevated intracranial pressure (ICP). Although the role of venous sinus stenosis in the pathophysiology of IIH is controversial, venous angioplasty with stenting has been proven to decrease cerebral venous pressure and intracranial pressure. This study aims to identify and quantify the clinical improvement obtained by patients with IIH, refractory to prior pharmacological treatment, undergoing endovascular venous angioplasty in a neuroendovascular reference service.
Methods A retrospective analytical study of 25 cases of IIH with transverse sinus stenosis operated on in a reference service using the endovascular method, in which clinical data from medical records and information about the procedure were analyzed.
Results Of the 25 patients, 22 were women, and the mean age was 42 years. All patients were refractory to prior clinical treatment. At the clinical presentation, all had headaches. There were no complications or failures from the procedures performed. In the 30-day evaluation, there was a significant decrease in all the symptoms reported.
Conclusion Venous sinus stenting is safe and effective in patients with IIH with transverse sinus stenosis refractory to clinical treatment, with substantial symptomatic improvement and good evolution in the postoperative follow-up period.
Intradural versus Extradural Anterior Clinoidectomy: Comparison of Visual Loss in Patients with Paraclinoid Aneurysms
Authors: de Aguiar Paulo Henrique Pires , Galafassi Giovanna Zambo , Targino Maurício Neres , de Aguiar Pedro Henrique Simm Pires , Doria Hugo Leonardo , Lima Vagner Loduca , Herculano Marco Antonio 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Introduction Visual deficit after surgical treatment for paraclinoid aneurysms is a problem faced by many neurosurgeons. Anterior clinoidectomy, performed to access the aneurysm, is one the most important steps of the surgery. However, it is also the step related the most with lesions to the optic nerve. The aim of this study was to compare the rate of visual loss between extradural versus intradural clinoidectomy in patients harboring paraclinoid aneurysms which underwent open surgery.
Methods Analysis of 36 patients harboring paraclinoid aneurysms operated by the senior authors between 2020–2022. We compared our results to other series published previously.
Results Fifteen patients underwent intradural clinoidectomy (41.6%), twenty patients extradural clinoidectomy (55.5%) and one patient intra and extradural clinoidectomy (2.7%). The incidence of postoperative visual deterioration was 11.1% (4 patients), all of them were from the extradural clinoidectomy group. Other complications found were cerebrospinal fluid leak (1 patient) and vasospasm followed by diffuse ischemia (1 patient). Visual evoked potential was used in 6 patients (16.6%). In two cases VEP was normal during surgery, however they developed visual deterioration in the postoperative period.
Conclusion Both techniques have advantages and disadvantages, however extradural clinoidectomy showed higher rates of visual deterioration than intradural clinoidectomy. Regardless of the chosen procedure, precise surgical technique is mandatory when dealing with paraclinoid aneurysms.
Vertebral Artery Stenosis Caused by Cervical Osteophyte: A Rare and Reversible Cause of Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency. Case Report
Authors: Cembraneli Pedro Nogarotto , Cavalcante Julia Brasileiro de Faria , Cavalcante Renata Brasileiro de Faria , Cembraneli Italo Nogarotto , Lopes Leonardo Taveira , Cavalcante José Edison da Silva , Cardoso Alessandro Fonseca , Cardoso Chrystiano Fonseca , Zanini Marco Antônio 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBow Hunter syndrome manifests when the vertebral artery is compressed following head rotation. Symptomatic compression with vertebral artery stenosis due to cervical osteophytes is a rare cause and occurs due to a progressive degenerative process. In most cases, compression originates anteromedially from the uncinate process and is asymptomatic due to the competence of the contralateral vertebral artery. In the described patient, compression presented superomedially due to osteophytes in the superior articular facet of the C5 vertebra, and the contralateral vertebral artery was obstructed. Careful evaluation with imaging, mainly preoperative 3D angiotomography, is necessary to determine the most beneficial approach for decompression. The treatment of choice for symptomatic compression induced by cervical spondylosis is decompression surgery.
A Rare Case of Drop Metastasis along Lumbar Column of Glioblastoma Multiforme
Authors: Lindner Rafaela Jucá , Gibbon Frederico de Lima , Pitol Guilherme , Gago Guilherme , Vial Antônio Delacy Martini , Ferreira Marcelo Paglioli 
Published: December 2024

AbstractGlioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) is a malignant primary brain tumor. Drop metastasis is an intradural extramedullary spinal lesion that originates from an intracranial site. It is rare to have the incidence of drop metastases in a patient diagnosed with Glioblastoma Multiforme. We present and discuss a case report on a 35-year-old patient treated for GBM who presented drop metastases after the surgical procedure.
Treatment Options for Intracranial Epidural Hematoma - An Integrative Review of the Past Three Decades
Authors: Pereira Carlos Umberto , Setton Lauro Roberto de Azevedo 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Introduction Acute epidural intracranial hematoma (IEH) has been considered one of the most relevant neurosurgical emergencies in recent decades due to its high potential for morbidity and mortality. Early diagnosis followed by appropriate treatment results in a more favorable prognosis considering its rapid progression.
Objective To describe the various treatment modalities for IEH in the last three decades and their updates.
Methods Integrative literature review on therapeutic options in IEH treatment. The terms “Epidural hematoma,” “Traumatic brain injury,” and “treatment” were used in the Medline/PubMed, Google Scholar, and SciELO platforms, resulting in 90 articles.
Results Appropriate treatment for IEH depends directly on the Glasgow Coma Scale score obtained during admission, bleeding location, lesion size, presence of associated intracranial injuries, and the neurosurgeon's experience.
Conclusion Initial treatment for IEH is predominantly surgical, with conservative treatment indicated in selected cases. Both neurosurgeons and clinicians must identify characteristic signs and symptoms promptly to avoid treatment delay. Moreover, minimally invasive approaches have gained prominence in recent decades, associated with image-guided procedures, and when well-indicated, result in rapid recovery and lower morbidity.
Cellular Regulation and Oncogenesis of Primary Tumors in the Central Nervous System
Authors: Lemos Leonnardo Altoé Miranda , Stadler Caroline , Lemos Izabelly Constantinov , Pardins Junio Pereira , Sauka Victoria Beatriz Podolan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe World Health Organization's system for classifying and grading primary tumors of the Central Nervous System conjectures the clinical-biological course of the oncogenic process based on morphological, genetic, histological, and immunohistochemical parameters. These principles are fundamental for a progression in the classification of these tumors, to guarantee the promotion of a more precise diagnosis. In this sense, it is important to understand the process of oncotic cell formation, which is the result of mutations in intra and extracellular control pathways. In this way, genes that act to induce the cell cycle, under normal conditions, when mutated, can result in a dysregulation of the progress of the cycle, causing alterations in the control factors and, consequently, phenotypic transformations in the cell. Thus, to understand the role of genes in modulating primary tumors in the Central Nervous System, mutations in the genes most prevalently related to Gliomas, Meningiomas, and Medulloblastomas were addressed highlighting their influences on the development of these tumors.
Analysis of Biochemical, Hormonal and Radiological Morphological Measurement Values in Patients with Empty Sella: A Clinical Study
Authors: Ozdemir Alemiddin , Erdogan Ahmet Melih , Sevimoglu Ozge , Durgun Efe Barıs , Ermis Suha Alp , Yalcin Rumeysa , Karaca Yusuf Emin , Temel Sevval Sila , Gedik Sila , Albayrak Ahmet Metehan , Istahlı Eda , Bakar Bulent 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Objective This study investigated the relationship between radiological morphological findings and hormone levels in patients with empty sella.
Methods Patients (32 female, 3 male) with empty sella detected on radiological images were grouped as “partial empty sella (PBS) group” (subarachnoid space volume < 70%) and “total empty sella (TBS) group” (subarachnoid space volume > 70%). Age, gender, sella volume, pituitary gland thickness, the ratio of subarachnoid space height to pituitary gland height, and diaphragm sellae diameter were measured on radiological images. All patients' blood count results, biochemistry results, and serum hormone values were recorded.
Results Age, complete blood count, serum biochemistry parameters, and hormone levels were not different between PBS and TBS groups. Correlation analysis revealed a negative correlation between gender and subarachnoid space invasion volume, between gender and sagittal width of the sella turcica (ST), between cortisol level and ST axial diameter, between progesterone level and ST axial diameter, between testosterone level and ST axial diameter, between adrenocorticotropic hormone level and ST axial diameter, between TSH level and subarachnoid space invasion rate, between free T4 level and diaphragm sellae sagittal width, and between free T4 level and ST sagittal width.
Conclusion This study showed that some serum hormone values may decrease when the sella tursica dimensions or the volume of subarachnoid space invading the sella tursica increase in patients with empty sella, and therefore, periodic follow-up of hormone levels and radiological images of these patients would be appropriate.
CO adsorption on CeO2(111): A CCSD(T) benchmark study using an embedded-cluster model
Authors: Vázquez Quesada Juana , Bernart Sarah , Studt Felix , Wang Yuemin , Fink Karin 
Published: December 2024

A benchmark model that combines an embedded-cluster approach for ionic surfaces with wavefunction-based methods to predict the vibrational frequencies of molecules adsorbed on surfaces is presented. As a representative case, the adsorption of CO on the lowest index non-polar and most stable facet of CeO2, that is, (111) was studied. The CO harmonic vibrational frequencies were not scaled semiempirically but explicitly corrected for anharmonic effects, which amount to about 25 cm−1 with all tested methods. The second-order Møller–Plesset perturbation method (MP2) tends to underestimate the CO harmonic frequency by about 40–45 cm−1 in comparison with the results obtained with the coupled-cluster singles and doubles with perturbational treatment of triple excitation method [CCSD(T)] and independently from the basis set used. The best estimate for the CO vibrational frequency (low-coverage case) differs by 12 cm−1 with the experimental value obtained by infrared reflexion absorption spectroscopy of 1 monolayer CO adsorbed on the oxidized CeO2(111) surface. In addition, a conservative estimate of the adsorption energy of about −0.22 ± −0.07 eV obtained at the CCSD(T) level confirms the physisorption character of the adsorption of CO on the CeO2(111) surface.
The use case of an asymptotic matching method in physics: large-angle pendulum
Authors: Rosales-Vera Marco 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This paper examines the calculation of the period of a simple pendulum in the case of extremely large amplitude movements. The calculation is carried out using the method of asymptotic matching, which allows obtaining analytical solutions for the pendulum period that contrast very well with the values found through numerical integration. This analysis can be of great use to undergraduate and graduate students in physical sciences, as it provides mathematical tools that are highly useful in the fields of physical and mathematical sciences. These tools can be applied to a range of more complex problems in areas such as quantum mechanics, fluid mechanics, and related fields.