bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Graft failure of IgA nephropathy in renal allografts following living donor transplantation: predictive factor analysis of 102 biopsies
Authors: Zhang Jin , Chen Guo-dong , Qiu Jiang , Liu Guo-chang , Chen Li-zhong , Fu Kai , Wu Zi-xuan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background To investigate predictive factors related to graft failure of IgA nephropathy(IgAN) in renal allografts following living donor transplantation. Methods We identified a series of 102 biopsies diagnosed as IgAN in renal allografts following living donor transplantation from July 2004 to January 2017 at our center, and assess the predict value of the Lee's classification and the 2009 Oxford classification in IgAN in renal allografts, clinical, ultrasonic and pathological characteristics at biopsy and the outcomes were retrospectively analyzed. Results The 5-year graft cumulative survival rate after transplantation was 91.4%. The 4-year graft cumulative survival rate after biopsy diagnosis of IgAN in renal allografts was 59.6%. The mean time ± SD to disease was 4.7 ± 3.5 years. The color doppler ultrasound and blood flow imagine showed the echo enhancement, the reduced blood flow distribution, the reduced peak systolic velocity of main renal artery, and the increased resistance index of arcuate renal artery were valuable in evaluating the graft dysfunction. The Cox multivariate analysis revealed that the 24-h urinary protein level (HR 1.6 for 1-g increase, 95%CI 1.2-2.0), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (HR 1.0 for 1-mL/min/1.73m^2 decline, 95%CI 1.0-1.1), and mesangial C1q deposition (HR 3.0, 95%CI 1.2-7.4) at biopsy were independent predictive factors of graft failure of IgAN in renal allografts. Conclusions IgAN in renal allografts occurred frequently within 5 years after transplantation. The risk of graft failure should be taken seriously in patients who exhibit heavy proteinuria and/or a declined eGFR as the initial symptoms; a high lesion grade (grade IV-V of Lee’s classification) and/or mesangial C1q deposition may also indicated a poor outcome.
Caveolin-1 promotes tumor cell proliferation and vasculogenic mimicry formation in human glioma
Authors: Chen Wenli , Cheng Xing , Wang Xiaobo , Hu Wenjie , Wang Jinshan , Liao Chuangxin 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: Vasculogenic mimicry (VM) plays an important role in human glioma progression and resistance to antiangiogenic therapy as a compensatory neovascularization mechanism in malignant tumors. Caveolin-1 (Cav-1) has been found to contribute to VM formation. However, it remains largely unknown whether Cav-1 expression correlates with VM in glioma. Methods: In this study, we examined CAV-1 expression levels and vasculogenic mimicry in human glioma cell lines and in 94 human gliomas with different grades and presented cox proportional hazards regression. The molecular role of Cav-1 in glioma cells was investigated using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assays, Western blotting, CCK-8 assays, tubule formation assays. Results: Cav-1 expression and VM formation were positively correlated with each other and both are closely associated with glioma development and progression as evidenced by the presence of cystic tumor, the shortened survival time and advanced-stage glioma in glioma patients with Cav-1 overexpression/increased VM formation. Cav-1 promoted U251 glioma cell proliferation and VM formation in a Matrigel-based 3D culture model. VM-associated factors including hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) and p-Akt was significantly elevated by Cav-1 overexpression but suppressed by siCav-1 in U251 cells. Conclusion: Collectively, our study identifies Cav-1 as an important regulator of glioma cell proliferation and VM formation, contributing to glioma development and progression.
Cerebrovascular events in hemodialysis patients; a retrospective observational study
Authors: Ozelsancak Ruya , Micozkadioglu Hasan , Torun Dilek , Tekkarismaz Nihan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: This study reports findings in subjects who underwent brain imaging for any reason, and examined factors influencing cerebrovascular events (CVEs) in hemodialysis (HD) patients.
Methods: We reviewed the files of patients on HD between January 2015 and January 2018. A total of 432 patients who underwent HD for at least 5 months by the January 2015 and who were older than 18 years were included in the study; 264 had been examined by cerebral computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging examination within the 3 years. Cerebrovascular pathology was detected in 139 of 264 patients.
Results: Of the 139 patients, 65 (24.62 %) had ischemic lesions, 25 (9.47%) had hemorrhagic lesions, and 49 (18.56%) had cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). We compared recorded data and later clinical findings between patients with and those without CVEs. The cause of end-stage renal disease was diabetes in 58.5% of patients with ischemic lesions, 52% in those with hemorrhagic lesions, and 55% in those with CSVD (P < 0.05). Patients with cerebrovascular ischemia were older (P = 0.0001) and had lower serum creatinine (sCr) (P = 0.0001) and higher serum C-reactive protein (CRP) (P = 0.002) levels than normal subjects. Hemorrhagic patients were older (P = 0.003) and had lower sCr (P = 0.003) and serum predialysis potassium (P = 0.003) and parathyroid hormone (PTH) (P = 0.004) levels than normal subjects. Patients with CSVD were older (P < 0.0001) and had lower sCr (P < 0.0001), phosphorus (P < 0.007), and PTH (P < 0.013) and higher CRP (P < 0.002) levels than normal subjects.
Conclusions: HD patients with CVEs are older and typically have diabetes mellitus and lower sCr levels.
Differential Diagnosis of Pancreatic Serous Cystadenomas and Mucinous Cystadenomas: Utility of Textural Features in Combination with Morphological Characteristics
Authors: Yang Jing , Guo Xinli , Zhang Hao , Zhang Weiwei , Song Jinen , Xu Hui , Ma Xuelei 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background Texture analysis of medical images has been reported to be a reliable method for differential diagnosis of neoplasms. This study was to investigate the performance of textural features and the combined performance of textural features and morphological characteristics in the differential diagnosis of pancreatic serous and mucinous cystadenomas. Methods. We retrospectively reviewed 59 patients with pancreatic serous cystadenoma and 32 patients with pancreatic mucinous cystadenoma at our hospital. A three-dimensional region of interest (ROI) around the margin of the lesion was drawn manually in the CT images of each patient, and textural parameters were retrieved from the ROI. Textural features were extracted using the LifeX software. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) method was applied to select the textural features. The differential diagnostic capabilities of morphological features, textural features, and their combination were evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used as the main indicator. Diagnostic accuracy based on the AUC values is defined as follows: 0.9–1.0, excellent; 0.8–0.9, good; 0.7–0.8, moderate; 0.6–0.7, fair; 0.5–0.6, poor. Results. In the differential diagnosis of pancreatic serous and mucinous cystadenomas, the combination of morphological characteristics and textural features (AUC 0.893, 95% CI 0.816-0.970) is better than morphological characteristics (AUC 0.783, 95% CI 0.665-0.900) or textural features (AUC 0.777, 95% CI 0.673-0.880) alone. Conclusions. In conclusion, our preliminary results highlighted the potential of CT texture analysis in discriminating pancreatic serous cystadenoma from mucinous cystadenoma. Furthermore, the combination of morphological characteristics and textural features can significantly improve the diagnostic performance, which may provide a reliable method to select patients with indication for surgical intervention in consideration of the different treatment principles of the two diseases.
Recovery of Paired T Cell Receptors from Single-cell Seq-Well Libraries
Authors: Tu Ang A. , Gierahn Todd M. , Monian Brinda , Morgan Duncan M. , Mehta Naveen K. , Ruiter Bert , Shreffler Wayne G. , Shalek Alex K. , Love J. Christopher 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
High-throughput 3’ single-cell RNA-Sequencing (scRNA-Seq) allows for cost-effective, detailed characterization of thousands of individual immune cells from healthy and diseased tissues. Current techniques, however, are limited in their ability to elucidate essential immune cell features, including the variable sequences of T cell receptors (TCRs) that confer antigen specificity in T cells. Here, we present an enrichment strategy that enables simultaneous analysis of TCR variable sequences and corresponding full transcriptomes from 3’ barcoded scRNA-Seq samples. This approach is compatible with common 3’ scRNA-Seq methods, and adaptable to processed samples post hoc. We applied the technique to resolve clonotype-to-phenotype relationships among antigen-activated T cells from immunized mice and from patients with food allergy. We observed diverse but preferential cellular phenotypes manifest among subsets of expanded clonotypes, including functional Th2 states associated with food allergy. These results demonstrate the utility of our method when studying complex diseases in which clonotype-driven immune responses are critical to understanding the underlying biology.
Short-term Results Of Sclerotherapy With 3% Polidocanol Foam For Symptomatic Second- And Third-degree Haemorrhoidal Disease
Authors: Lobascio Pierluigi , Laforgia Rita , Novelli Eugenio Novelli , Perrone Fabrizio , Salvo Maria Di , Pezzolla Angela , Trompetto Mario , Gallo Gaetano 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background . Haemorrhoidal disease (HD) is defined as the symptomatic enlargement and/or distal displacement of anal cushions and is one of the most common proctological diseases. Sclerotherapy (ST) with 3% polidocanol foam induces an inflammatory reaction with sclerosis of the submucosal tissue and consequent suspension of the haemorrhoidal tissue. The aim of this study was to evaluate the short-term effectiveness and safety of ST with 3% polidocanol foam for the treatment of symptomatic second- and third-degree HD. Methods . A total of 66 patients with symptomatic second- and third-degree HD underwent a single ST session between March 2017 and July 2018. A visual analogue scale score was used to assess post-operative pain and patient satisfaction. The symptoms severity and anal continence were investigated through the Hemorrhoid Severity Score (HSS) and Vaizey score, respectively, at baseline, at 4 weeks and after 1 year. Results . Fifty-seven out of 66 patients were male (86.3%), and the mean age was 52 (29-75; SD ± 12) years. The mean operative time was 4.5 (2-6; SD ± 1.23) minutes. No intraoperative complications and no drug-related side effects occurred. The overall success rate was 78.8% (52/66 patients) after a single ST session and 86% after two ST sessions (57/66 patients). The mean treatment effect, obtained comparing preoperative and T5 symptom scores in each patient, showed a mean change of 7.88 (p<0.001). All patients resumed their normal daily activities the day after the procedures. Conclusions . ST with 3% polidocanol foam is a safe, cost-effective and repeatable conservative treatment.
Risk factors of nosocomial infection after cardiac surgery in children with congenital heart disease
Authors: Yu Xindi , Chen Maolin , Liu Xu , Chen Yiwei , Hao Zedong , Zhang Haibo , Wang Wei 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: The aim of our study was to analyze the risk factors of nosocomial infection after cardiac surgery in children with congenital heart disease (CHD). Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study, and children with CHD who underwent open-heart surgeries at Shanghai Children’s Medical Center from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2018 were included. The baseline characteristics of these patients of different ages, including neonates (0-1 months old), infants (1-12 months old) and children (1-10 years old), were analyzed, and the association of risk factors with postoperative nosocomial infection were assessed. Results: A total of 11651 subjects were included in the study. The overall nosocomial infection rate was 10.8%. Nosocomial infection rates in neonates, infants, and children with congenital heart disease were 32.9%, 15.4%, and 5.2%, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis found age (OR 0798, 95%CI: 0.769-0.829; P<0.001), STS risk grade (OR 1.267, 95%CI: 1.159-1.385; P<0.001), body mass index (BMI) <5th percentile (OR 1.295, 95%CI: 1.023-1.639; P=0.032), BMI ＞95th percentile (OR 0.792, 95%CI: 0.647-0.969; P=0.023), cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) time (OR 1.008, 95%CI: 1.003-1.012; P<0.001) and aortic clamping time （OR 1.009, 1.002-1.015; P = 0.008）were significantly associated with nosocomial infection in CHD infants. After adjusted for confounding factors, we found STS risk grade (OR 1.38, 95%CI: 1.167-1.633; P<0.001), BMI<5th percentile (OR 1.934, 95%CI: 1.377-2.715; P<0.001), CPB time (OR 1.018, 95%CI: 1.015-1.022; P<0.001), lymphocyte/WBC ratio﹤cut off value (OR 3.818, 95%CI: 1.529-9.533; P=0.004) and AST＞cut off value (OR 1.546, 95%CI: 1.119-2.136; P=0.008) were significantly associated with nosocomial infection in CHD children. Conclusion: Our study suggested STS risk grade, BMI, CPB duration, low lymphocyte/WBC or high neutrophil/WBC ratio were independently associated with nosocomial infection in CHD infant and children after cardiac surgery.
The geography of evolutionary divergence in the highly endemic avifauna from the Sierra Madre del Sur, Mexico
Authors: Rocha-Méndez Alberto , SÁNCHEZ-GONZÁLEZ LUIS A. , GONZÁLEZ CLEMENTINA , NAVARRO-SIGÜENZA ADOLFO G. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background Mesoamerica is a remarkable region with a high geological and ecological complexity. Within northern Mesoamerica, the biotic province of the Sierra Madre del Sur (SMS) in southwestern Mexico harbors exceptionally high avian endemism and diversity. Herein, we searched for spatially and temporally concordant phylogeographic patterns, in four bird genera from three distinct avian orders co-distributed across Mesoamerica and investigated their causes through hypothesis testing regarding historical processes. Selected species include endemic and differentiated populations across the montane forests of Mesoamerica, and particularly within the SMS. Results We gathered mitochondrial DNA sequences for at least one locus from 177 individuals across all species. We assessed genetic structure, demographic history, and defined a framework for the coalescent simulations used in biogeographic hypothesis testing temporal and spatial co-variance. Our analyses suggested shared phylogeographic breaks in areas corresponding to the SMS populations, and between the main montane systems in Mesoamerica, with the Central Valley of Oaxaca and the Nicaragua Depression being the most frequently shared breaks among analyzed taxa. Nevertheless, dating analyses and divergence patterns observed were consistent with the hypothesis of broad vicariance across Mesoamerica derived from mechanisms operating at distinct times across taxa in the SMS. Conclusions Our study provides a framework for understanding the evolutionary origins and historical factors enhancing speciation in well-defined regions within Mesoamerica, indicating that the evolutionary history of extant biota inhabiting montane forests is complex and often idiosyncratic.
Predictive factors for the presence of invasive components in patients diagnosed with ductal carcinoma in situ based on preoperative biopsy
Authors: Lee Kwan Ho , Han Jeong Woo , Kim Eun Young , Yun Ji Sup , Park Yong Lai , Park Chan Heun 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background In patients diagnosed with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) with needle biopsy before surgery, invasive component (IC) is often found in the postoperative tissue, which results in altered post-surgical care. However, there are no clinically available factors to predict IC, and few MRI studies are available for the detection of IC in DCIS patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate which risk factors can predict IC preoperatively.Methods Patients with a DCIS diagnosis based on preoperative biopsy, who underwent breast surgery Kangbuk Samsung Hospital between Jan 2005 and June 2018, were retrospectively evaluated. Clinico-pathological and breast MRI factors were compared between DCIS and DCIS with IC in postsurgical specimens.Results Of the 431 patients with a preoperative diagnosis of DCIS, 34 (7.9%) showed IC during the postoperative pathological investigations, and 217 (50.3%) underwent breast MRI. Among MRI-related factors, Mass-like enhancement on MRI was the sole but significant predictor of IC (HR=0.26, C.I.=0.07-0.93, p=0.038), while nipple-areolar complex invasion, enhancement peak and pattern were not statistically significant. Nuclear grade was the only significant predictor of IC in the analysis of other clinico-pathological factors (HR=2.39, C.I.=1.05-5.42, p=0.038 in univariate analysis, HR=2.86, C.I.=1.14-7.14, p=0.025 in multivariate analysis).Conclusions Mass-like enhancement on MRI and high nuclear grade were associated with IC in patients with preoperative diagnosis of DCIS. Considering the high sensitivity of breast MRI for IC, further evaluation of the predictive value of MRI in preoperative DCIS patients is desirable.
Serum miRNAs, a potential prognosis marker of loco-regionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients treated with CCRT
Authors: Zhang Zhimin , Wang Ge , Jin Feng , Zheng Jijun , Xiao He , Lei Lin , Luo Jia , chen chuan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: Serum miRNA was once found as potential disease survival index,thus we investigated the role of miRNA in predicting prognosis in loco-regionally advanced NPC patients treated with CCRT.
Methods: This study included two phases: (i) We enrolled 3 NPC patients with recurrence or distant metastasis (experimental group, EG) and 3 NPC patients in clinical remission (control group, CG) , who were treated with CCRT within 5 years.The paired serum was collected before and after treatment and biomarkers were discovered by TaqMan Human MicroRNA Arrays. (ii) we used the bioinformatic analysis, marker selection and an independent validation by qRT-PCR to analyse the serums of 29 NPC patients with recurrent disease or distant metastasis and 19 NPC patients in clinical remission treated with CCRT. We used the Kaplan-Meier method, log-rank test and Cox regression model to estimate the accuracy of the miRNAs to predict PFS and OS, and identified factors significantly associated with prognosis, respectively.

Results: Using fold change≥2.0 or ≤0.5 and p≤0.05 as cutoff levels, we identified 1 up-regulated and 9 down-regulated miRNAs, 1 up-regulated and 6 down-regulated miRNAs in EG versus CG before and after CCRT, respectively. After significantly down-regulated miRNAs from EG versus CG were removed, only 9 different miRNAs were significantly reduced. In the serum samples of 48 NPC patients, there were no significant difference in the expression of miRNA-26b, miRNA-29a and miRNA-125b before CCRT, and the expression of miRNA-143 and miRNA-29b after CCRT. We calculated a risk score with the expression of miRNA-26b、miRNA-29a、miRNA-125b、miRNA-29b、miRNA-143 and then classified patients as high or low risk group. Cox regression model suggested that combining miRNA-29a and miRNA-125b before CCRT with miRNA-26b after CCRT was independent prognostic factors for PFS (HR=3.149, 95%CI:1.018-9.115, p=0.034), whereas combining the former two is independent for OS (HR=5.146, 95%CI:1.674-15.817, p=004）.
Conclusions: For loco-regionally advanced NPC patients treated with CCRT, especially high-risk patients- serum miRNAs such as miRNA-29a, miRNA-125b and miRNA-26b etc, play an important role in predicting prognosis factors for PFS and OS, which will contribute to the strategic direction of future research.
Regulatory Roles of Differentially Expressed MicroRNAs in Metabolic Processes in Negative Lens-Induced Myopia Guinea Pigs
Authors: Guo Dadong , Ding Meihua , Song Xiaoli , Sun Yuanyuan , Li Guoping , Li Zonghong , Wei Huixia , Wu Jianfeng , Jiang Wenjun , Bi Hongsheng 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Myopia is one of the most common vision defects worldwide. microRNAs can regulate the target gene expressions, influencing the development of diseases. In order to investigate the alterations of microRNAs profiling in negative lens-induced myopia (NLIM) guinea pigs and to explore the regulatory role of microRNAs in the occurrence and the development of myopia, we first established the NLIM guinea pig model after induction for 2 weeks. Further, we isolated sclera to purify total messenger RNA (mRNA) in both NLIM and NLIM fellow sclera. Using next generation sequencing technique and bioinformatics analysis, we identified the differentially expressed microRNAs in NLIM guinea pigs, performed the bioinformatics annotation for the differentially expressed microRNAs, and validated the expressions of differentially expressed microRNAs. We successfully established a negative NLIM model in guinea pigs, identified 27 differentially expressed microRNAs in NLIM guinea pig sclera, including 10 upregulated and 17 downregulated microRNAs. The KEGG annotation showed the main signaling pathways were closely associated with PPAR signaling, pyruvate and propanoate metabolisms, and TGF-beta signaling pathways. In summary, we found the development of myopia is mainly involved in the disorder of metabolic processes in NLIM guinea pigs. The PPAR signaling, pyruvate and propanoate metabolism pathways may play roles in the development of myopia.
Prevalence of and Characteristics Associated with In-Hospital Mortality in a Ugandan Neurology Ward
Authors: Diaz Monica Maria , Hu Xin , Fenton Brenda T , Kimuli Ivan , Lee Allison , Lindsey Hayley , Bigelow Jeffrey K , Maiser Samuel , Altalib Hamada H. , Sico Jason J 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background ― While the burden of neurologic illness in developing countries is increasing, less is known about mortality among patients admitted to sub-Saharan African hospitals with neurologic disease. We sought to characterize the rate and patient-level predictors of in-hospital mortality in a Ugandan Neurology ward.
Methods ― Data was prospectively collected on 335 patients admitted to the Neurology ward of Mulago Hospital, Kampala, Uganda. Kaplan-Meier survival curves and multivariate COX proportional hazard modeling were used to assess survival.
Results ―Within our sample (n=307), 35.8% received no diagnosis at time of hospital admission. Stroke (27.3%), head trauma (19.6%), and malaria (16.0%) were the most common diagnoses. Among the 56 (18.5%) patients who died during the index hospitalization, the most common diagnosis at admission and at death was stroke. Adjusted regression analysis showed that patients without a diagnosis at time of death (HR=7.01 [2.42-20.35], p<.001) and those with diagnoses of infections (HR=5.21 [2.16-12.58], p=<.001), stroke (HR=2.69 [1.20-6.04], p=.017), or head trauma (HR=3.39, [1.27-9.07], p=0.15) had worse survival.
Conclusions ― In-hospital mortality affected nearly 20% of the cohort, with worse survival among those without a diagnosis and with infections, stroke, head trauma. Future work should identify reasons for increased mortality among these high-risk groups and implement targeted interventions.