bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors associated with perceived barriers of health care access among reproductive-age women in Ethiopia: a Secondary data analysis of 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey
Authors: Tamirat koku , Tessema Zemenu Tadesse , Kebede Fentahun Bikale 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Health care access is the timely use of personal health services to achieve the best health outcomes. Difficulties to access health care among reproductive-age women may lead to different negative health outcomes like death and disability. Therefore, this study aimed to assess factors associated with perceived barriers of health care access among reproductive-age women in Ethiopia.
Method: This study was based on the 2016 Ethiopia Demography and Health Survey. Individual women record (IR) file was used to extract the dataset and 15, 683 women were included in the final analysis. A composite variable of health care perceived barriers were created from four questions used to rate health care access perceived barriers among reproductive-age women. The Generalized Estimating Equation (GEE) model was fitted to identify factors associated with health care perceived barriers. Crude and Adjusted odds ratio with a 95% CI computed to assess the strength of association between independent and outcome variables.
Result: This study revealed that the perceived barrier of health care access among reproductive age women found to be 69.9% with 95%CI (69.3 to 70.7) to at least one or more of the four reasons. Rural residence (AOR= 2.13, 95%CI: 1.79 to 2.53), age 35-49 years (AOR= 1.24, 95%CI: 1.09 to 1.40), divorced/separated (AOR= 1.34, 95%CI: 1.17 to 1.54), had no health insurance coverage (AOR=1.19, 95%CI: 1.01 to 1.45), poor (AOR=2.09,95%CI: 1.86 to 2.35) and middle wealth (AOR=1.57,95%CI:1.38 to 1.79), no education (AOR=2.30, 95%CI:1.95 to 2.72), primary education (AOR= 1.84, 95%CI :1.58 to 2.15) and secondary education (AOR= 1.31, 95%CI: 1.13 to 1.51) were factors associated with perceived barriers of health care access.
Conclusion: Significant proportion of reproductive-age women faced barriers of health care access, of which, money and distance were the common perceived barriers. Divorced/separated marital status, old age, rural dwelling, no health insurance coverage, low economic status and level of education were factors associated with perceived barriers of health care access. This findings suggests that further strengthening and improvement of health care access to those with low socio-economic status for the realization of universal health coverage and equity of service provision.
The effect of written information and counselling by an advanced practice nurse on resilience in women with vulvar neoplasia during six months after surgical treatment and the influence of social support, recurrence, and age: A secondary analysis of a multicenter randomized controlled trial, WOMAN-PRO-II
Authors: Kofler Sabine , Kobleder Andrea , Ott Stefan , Senn Beate 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Women with vulvar neoplasia often complain about physical and psychological distress after surgical treatment. Lack of information and support can influence resilience. Whether an information-related intervention through an advanced practice nurse supports resilience and which other factors affect resilience in women with vulvar neoplasia has never been investigated.
Methods: The aims of this study were (a) to analyse whether counselling based on the WOMAN-PRO II program causes a significant improvement in the resilience scores of women with vulvar neoplasia compared to written information and (b) to identify the potential predictors of resilience.
A randomized controlled trial was conducted in women with vulvar neoplasia (n = 49) six months after surgical treatment in four Swiss hospitals and one Austrian hospital. Analyses of resilience and its predictors were performed using a linear mixed model.
Results: Thirty-six women (intervention I, n = 8; intervention II, n = 28) completed the randomized controlled trial. In total, 13 women (26.5%) dropped out of the trial. The resilience score did not differ significantly between the two interventions three and six months after randomisation (p = 0.759). Age (b = .04, p = 0.001), social support (b = .28, p = 0.009), counselling time (b = .03, p = 0.018) and local recurrence (b = −.56, p = 0.009) were identified as significant predictors of resilience in the linear mixed model analyses.
Conclusion: The results indicate that the WOMAN-PRO II program as single intervention does not cause a significant change in the resilience scores of women with vulvar neoplasia six months after surgery. Predictors that promote or minimise resilience have been identified and should be considered when developing resilience programs for women with vulvar neoplasia. A repetition of the study with a larger sample size is recommended.
Predicting factors of adjacent segment degeneration after long-segment spinal fusion: spinopelvic parameters analysis
Authors: Chiu Ping-Yeh , Kao Fu-Cheng , Chen Wen-Jer , Yu Chia-Wei , Niu Chi-Chien , Lai Po-Liang , Tsai Tsung-Ting , Hsieh Ming-Kai 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background We investigated whether spinopelvic parameters are important prognostic factors causing adjacent segment degeneration (ASD) after long instrumented spinal fusion for degenerative spinal disease. Methods This uncontrolled, randomized, single arm retrospective study included patients who underwent long instrumented lumbar fusion (fusion levels≥ 4) in the past 5 years with follow-up for at least 2 years. The inclusion criteria included adult patients (≥40 years of age) with a diagnosis of spinal degeneration who underwent instrumented corrective surgery. The exclusion criteria included preexisting adjacent disc degeneration, combined anterior reconstructive surgery, and distal ASD. Clinical and operative characters were evaluated. Angle of lumbar lordosis (LLA), sacral slope (SSA), pelvic tilt (PTA) and pelvic incidence (PIA) were compared preoperatively, postoperatively and at the final follow-up. Results From 2009 to 2014, 60 patients (30 ASD and 30 non-ASD) were enrolled. The average age was 66.82 ± 7.48 years for the study group and 67.97 ± 7.81 years for the control group. There was no statistically significant difference in clinical and operative characteristics. Among all spinopelvic parameters, only pre-, post-operative and final follow-up PIA in ASD group (53.9±10.4ﾟ, 54.6±14.0ﾟ, 54.3±14.1ﾟ) and non-ASD group (60.3±13.0ﾟ, 61.8±11.3ﾟ, 62.5±11.2ﾟ) showed statistically significant differences ( p <0.05). Conclusion This study confirms that preoperative, postoperative and final follow-up PIA is a significant factor contributing to the development of ASD after long instrumented spinal fusion.
Awareness of national malaria management guidelines among house officers in Khartoum state teaching hospitals. Sudan 2018
Authors: Aboshanab Mohammed Altyb Alshykh , New Mohammed Altayeb AbdAlhafeez Mohammed , New Mohamed Elzubair Mohamed Ataelmanan , New Mohammed Alsheekh Alaqbash , New Nagla Abdelrahim Mohamed Ahmed 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background

Malaria is a protozoan disease which can lead to serious complications if not treated early and correctly. The aim of this study to assess the knowledge about malaria management guidelines among house officers.

Methods

this is the cross-sectional observational study conducted at 6 of Khartoum teaching hospitals

Results

The study showed that among the 115 participants evaluated there were 70.4% females and 29.6% were males. 94.8% of participants knew there are malaria management guidelines and 5.2% didn't know about the presence of these guidelines, 58.3% have some information and 10.4% just hear about these guidelines. 89.6% knew the management of simple malaria is outpatient management. 65.2% of the participants were aware of where to manage the cases of complicated malaria (inpatient or in ICU). 27.8% of the participants were aware of the management of simple malaria in the second and third trimester.
Improving the diagnosis of common parotid tumors via the combination of CT image biomarkers and clinical parameters
Authors: Zhang Dan , Li Xiaojiao , Lv Liang , Yu Jiayi , Yang Chao , Xiong Hua , Liao Ruikun , Zhou Bi , Huang Xianlong , Liu Xiaoshuang , tang zhuoyue 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background : To develop and validate diagnostic models of the common parotid tumors based on whole-volume CT textural image biomarkers (IBMs) in combination with clinical parameters at a single institution.
Methods: The study cohort was composed of 51 pleomorphic adenoma (PA) patients and 42 Warthin tumor (WT) patients. Clinical parameters and conventional image features were scored retrospectively and textural IBMs were extracted from CT images of arterial phase . Independent-samples t test or Chi-square test was used for evaluating the significance of the difference among clinical parameters, conventional CT image features, and textural IBMs. The diagnostic performance of univariate model and multivariate model was evaluated via receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and area under ROC curve (AUC).
Results: Significant differences were found in clinical parameters (age, gender, disease duration, smoking), conventional image features (site, maximum diameter, time-density curve, peripheral vessels sign) and textural IBMs (mean, uniformity, energy, entropy) between PA group and WT group (P＜0.05). ROC analysis showed that clinical parameter (age) and quantitative textural IBMs (mean, energy, entropy) were able to categorize the patients into PA group and WT group, with the AUC of 0.784, 0.902, 0.910, 0.805, respectively. When IBMs were added in clinical model, the multivariate models including age-mean and age-energy performed significantly better than the univariate models with the improved AUC of 0.940, 0.944, respectively (P＜0.001).
Conclusion s : Both clinical parameter and CT textural IBMs can be used for the preoperative, noninvasive diagnosis of parotid PA and WT. The diagnostic performance of textural IBM model was obviously better than that of clinical model and conventional image model in this study. While the multivariate model consisted of clinical parameter and textural IBM had the optimal diagnostic performance, which would contribute to the better selection of individualized surgery program.
Expression of serotonin 1A and 2A receptors in molecular- and projection-defined neurons of the mouse insular cortex
Authors: Ju Anes , Fernandez-Arroyo Beatriz , Wu Yifan , Jacky Débora , Beyeler Anna 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The serotonin (5-HT) system is the target of multiple anxiolytics, including Buspirone, which is a partial agonist of the serotonin 1A receptor (5‑HT1A). Similarly, ligands of the serotonin 2A receptor (5-HT2A) were shown to alter anxiety level. The 5-HT1A and 2A receptors are widely expressed across the brain, but the target region(s) underlying the influence of those receptors on anxiety remain unknown. Interestingly, recent studies in human and non-human primates have shown that the 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A binding potential within the insular cortex (insula) are correlated to anxiety. As an initial step to define the function of 5‑HT transmission in the insula, we quantified the proportion of specific neuronal populations of the insula expressing 5‑HT1A or 5‑HT2A. We analyzed seven neural populations, including three defined by a molecular marker (putative glutamate, GABA or parvalbumin), and four defined by their projections to different downstream targets. First, we found that more than 70% of putative glutamatergic neurons, and only 30% of GABAergic neurons express the 5‑HT1A. Second, within insular projection neurons, 5-HT1A is highly expressed (75-80%) in the populations targeting one sub-nuclei of the amygdala (central or basolateral), or targeting the rostral or caudal sections of the lateral hypothalamus (LH). Similarly, 70% of putative glutamatergic neurons and only 30% of insular GABAergic neurons contain 5-HT2A. Finally, the 5-HT2A is present in a majority of insula-amygdala and insula-LH projection neurons (73-82%). These observations suggest that most glutamatergic neurons can respond to 5‑HT through 5-HT1A or 5‑HT2A in the insula, and that 5-HT directly affects a limited number of GABAergic neurons. This study defines a molecular and neuroanatomical map of the 5-HT system within the insular cortex, providing ground knowledge to identify the potential role of serotonergic modulation of selective insular populations in anxiety.
MtOrt: An empirical mitochondrial amino acid substitution model for evolutionary studies of Orthoptera insects
Authors: Chang Huihui , Nie Yimeng , Zhang Nan , Zhang Xue , Sun Huimin , Mao Ying , Qiu Zhongying , Huang Yuan 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background Amino acid substitution models play an important role in inferring phylogenies from mitochondrial proteins. Although different amino acid substitution models have been proposed, only a few were estimated from mitochondrial protein sequences for specific taxa such as the mtArt model for Arthropoda. The increasing of mitochondrial genome data from broad Orthoptera taxa provides an opportunity to estimate the Orthoptera-specific mitochondrial amino acid empirical model. Results We sequenced complete mitochondrial genomes of 54 Orthoptera species, and then estimated an amino acid substitution model (named mtOrt) by maximum likelihood method based on the 283 complete mitochondrial genomes available currently. The results indicated that there are obvious differences between mtOrt and the existing model, and the new model can better fit the Orthoptera mitochondrial protein datasets. Moreover, topologies of trees constructed using mtOrt and existing models are frequently different. MtOrt does indeed have an impact on likelihood improvement as well as tree topologies. The comparisons between the topologies of trees constructed using mtOrt and existing models show that the new model outperforms the existing models in inferring phylogenies from Orthoptera mitochondrial protein data. Conclusions The new mitochondrial amino acid substitution model of Orthoptera shows obvious differences from the existing models, and outperforms the existing models in inferring phylogenies from Orthoptera mitochondrial protein sequences.
Resveratrol can enhance osteogenic differentiation and mitochondrial biogenesis from human periosteum-derived mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Moon Dong Kyu , Kim Bo Gyu , Lee A Ram , Choe Yeong In , New Imran Khan , New Kyoung Mi Moon , Jeon Ryoung-Hoon , Byun June-Ho , Hwang Sun-Chul , Woo Dong Kyun 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disorder that leads to low bone mass and microstructural deterioration of bone tissue and increases bone fractures. Resveratrol, a natural polyphenol compound, has pleiotropic effects including anti-oxidative, anti-aging, and anti-cancer effects. Resveratrol also has roles in increasing osteogenesis and in up-regulating mitochondrial biogenesis of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs). However, it is still unclear that resveratrol can enhance osteogenic differentiation or mitochondrial biogenesis of periosteum-derived MSCs (PO-MSCs), which play key roles in bone tissue maintenance and fracture healing. Thus, in order to test a possible preventive or therapeutic effect of resveratrol on osteoporosis, this study investigated effects of resveratrol treatments on osteogenic differentiation and mitochondrial biogenesis of PO-MSCs.Methods: The optimal doses of resveratrol treatment on PO-MSCs were determined by cell proliferation and viability assays. Osteogenic differentiation of PO-MSCs under resveratrol treatment was assessed by alkaline phosphatase activities (ALP, an early biomarker of osteogenesis) as well as by extracellular calcium deposit levels (a late biomarker). Mitochondrial biogenesis during osteogenic differentiation of PO-MSCs was measured by quantifying both mitochondrial mass and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) contents.Results: Resveratrol treatments above 10 µM seem to have negative effects on cell proliferation and viability of PO-MSCs. Resveratrol treatment (at 5 µM) on PO-MSCs during osteogenic differentiation increased both ALP activities and calcium deposits compared to untreated control groups, demonstrating an enhancing effect of resveratrol on osteogenesis. In addition, resveratrol treatment (at 5 µM) during osteogenic differentiation of PO-MSCs increased both mitochondrial mass and mtDNA copy numbers, indicating that resveratrol can bolster mitochondrial biogenesis in the process of PO-MSC osteogenic differentiation.Conclusion: Taken together, the findings of this study describe roles of resveratrol in promoting osteogenesis and mitochondrial biogenesis of human PO-MSCs suggesting a possible application of resveratrol as a supplement for osteoporosis and/or osteoporotic fractures.
Fasciclin-like arabinogalactan gene family in Nicotiana benthamiana: genome-wide identification, classification and expression in response to pathogens
Authors: Wu Xinyang , Lai Yuchao , Lv Lanqing , Ji Mengfei , Han Kelei , Yan Dankan , Lu Yuwen , Peng Jiejun , Rao Shaofei , Yan Fei , Zheng Hongying , Chen Jianping 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Nicotiana benthamiana is widely used as a model plant to study plant-pathogen interactions. Fasciclin-like arabinogalactan proteins (FLAs), a subclass of arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs), participate in mediating plant growth, development and response to abiotic stress. However, the members of FLAs in N. benthamiana and their response to plant pathogens are unknown.Results: 38 NbFLAs were identified from a genome-wide study. NbFLAs could be divided into four subclasses, and their gene structure and motif composition were conserved in each subclass. NbFLAs may be regulated by cis-acting elements such as STRE and MBS, and could possibly be the targets of transcription factors like C2H2. Quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) results showed that selected NbFLAs were differentially expressed in different tissues. All of the selected NbFLAs were significantly downregulated following infection by turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) and most of them also by Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato (Pst) strain DC3000 (Pst DC3000), suggesting possible roles in response to pathogenic infection.Conclusions: This study systematically identified FLAs in N. benthamiana, and indicates their potential roles in response to biotic stress. The identification of NbFLAs will facilitate further studies of their role in plant immunity in N. benthamiana.
3-Methylxanthine production through biodegradation of theobromine by Aspergillus sydowii
Authors: ZHOU Bin-Xing , Ma Cunqiang , Zheng Chengqin , Xia Tao , Ma Binsong , Liu Xiaohui 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background

Methylxanthines including caffeine, theobromine and theophylline are natural and synthetic compounds in tea. Theobromine and other methylxanthine could be metabolized by certain kinds of bacteria and fungi. Previous studies confirmed that several isolates from Pu-erh tea could degrade and convert caffeine and theophylline through N-demethylation and related oxidation, respectively. In this study, seven tea-derived fungi were inoculated into various theobromine agar mediums and liquid mediums to assess their capacity in theobromine utilization. Related metabolites with theobromine degradation were detected by using HPLC in the liquid culture inoculated by candidate isolates to investigate potential application in the production of 3-methylxanthine.

Results

Based on the extent of theobromine utilization, four isolates including Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus sydowii, Aspergillus ustus and Aspergillus tamarii have demonstrated the potential for theobromine biodegradation. Particularly, A. sydowii and A. tamarii could degrade theobromine significantly (p < 0.05) in all given theobromine liquid mediums. 3,7-Dimethyluric acid, 3-methylxanthine, 7-methylxanthine, 3-methyluric acid, xanthine, and uric acid were detected in A. sydowii and A. tamarii culture, respectively, confirming the existence of N-demethylation and oxidation in theobromine catabolism. 3-Methylxanthine was common and main demethylated metabolite of theobromine in A. sydowii and A. tamarii culture. 3-Methylxanthine in A. sydowii culture showed a linear relation with the initial theobromine concentrations that 177.12 ± 14.06 mg/L of 3-methylxanthine was accumulated in TLM-S with 300 mg/L of theobromine. Additionally, pH at 5 and metal ion of Fe 2+ promoted 3-methylxanthine production significantly (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

This study is the first to confirm that A. sydowii and A. tamarii degrade theobromine through N-demethylation and oxidation, respectively. A. sydowii showed the potential application in 3-methylxanthine production with theobromine as feedstock through the N-demethylation at position N-7.
High genetic diversity and strong genetic structure of Strongyllodes variegatus (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) demonstrate the genetic mechanism of its distribution in oilseed rape production areas in China
Authors: Zhan HaiXia , Hao ZhongPing , Zhou JingJiang , Tang Rui , Zhu LiNi , hou shumin 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background : Strongyllodes variegatus (Fairmaire) is a major insect pest of oilseed rape in China. Despite its economic importance, the population genetics of this pest contributing to the development of suitable management and control strategies is poorly known. To understand the population genetics and assess the geographical patterns and genetic structure of S. variegates in China. Using mitochondrial DNA cytochrome c oxidase subunit I and cytochrome b region sequences as genetic markers, we analyzed population genetic diversity and structure from 437 individuals collected in 15 S. variegates populations located in different oilseed rape production areas in China. In addition, we estimated the demographic history using neutrality test and mismatch distribution analysis.
Results : The high level of genetic diversity was detected among the mtDNA region sequences of S. variegates . The population structure analysis strongly suggested that three genetic and geographical regions occur with limited gene flow. The Mantel test showed that the genetic distance was greatly influenced by geographical distance. The demographic analyses showed that S. variegates experienced population fluctuation during the Pleistocene, which was likely to be related to the climatic changes.
Conclusion : Overall, these results demonstrated that the strong population genetic structure of this beetle may attribute to the geographical barriers and subsequently adapt to the regional ecological conditions for the distribution of S. variegates in China.
Keywords : Gene flow, Genetic differentiation, Haplotype, Oilseed rape, Population genetic pattern, Strongyllodes variegates