bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BPA Differentially Regulates NPY Expression in Hypothalamic Neurons Through a Mechanism Involving Oxidative Stress
Authors: Loganathan Neruja , McIlwraith Emma K , Belsham Denise D 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA), a ubiquitous endocrine-disrupting chemical, interferes with reproduction and is also considered an obesogen. The neuropeptide Y (NPY) neurons of the hypothalamus control both food intake and reproduction and have emerged as potential targets of BPA. These functionally diverse subpopulations of NPY neurons are differentially regulated by peripheral signals, such as estrogen and leptin. Whether BPA also differentially alters Npy expression in subpopulations of NPY neurons, contributing to BPA-induced endocrine dysfunction is unclear. We investigated the response of 6 immortalized hypothalamic NPY-expressing cell lines to BPA treatment. BPA upregulated Npy mRNA expression in 4 cell lines (mHypoA-59, mHypoE-41, mHypoA-2/12, mHypoE-42), and downregulated Npy in 2 lines (mHypoE-46, mHypoE-44). This differential expression of Npy occurred concurrently with differential expression of estrogen receptor mRNA levels. Inhibition of G-protein coupled estrogen receptor GPR30 or estrogen receptor β prevented the BPA-mediated decrease in Npy, whereas inhibition of energy sensor 5′ adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) with compound C prevented BPA-induced increase in Npy. BPA also altered neuroinflammatory and oxidative stress markers in both mHypoA-59 and mHypoE-46 cell lines despite the differential regulation of Npy. Remarkably, treatment with BPA in an antioxidant-rich media, Neurobasal A (NBA), or with reactive oxygen species scavenger tauroursodeoxycholic acid mitigated the BPA-induced increase and decrease in Npy. Furthermore, 2 antioxidant species from NBA—N-acetylcysteine and vitamin B6—diminished the induction of Npy in the mHypoA-59 cells, demonstrating these supplements can counteract BPA-induced dysregulation in certain subpopulations. Overall, these results illustrate the differential regulation of Npy by BPA in neuronal subpopulations, and point to oxidative stress as a pathway that can be targeted to block BPA-induced Npy dysregulation in hypothalamic neurons.
Temporal Pole Responds to Subtle Changes in Local Thyroid Hormone Signaling
Authors: Marcelino Cícera P , McAninch Elizabeth A , Fernandes Gustavo W , Bocco Barbara M L C , Ribeiro Miriam O , Bianco Antonio C 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
To study thyroid hormone (TH) signaling in the human brain, we analyzed published microarray data sets of the temporal pole (Brodmann area 38) of 19 deceased donors. An index of TH signaling built on the expression of 19 well known TH-responsive genes in mouse brains (T3S+) varied from 0.92 to 1.1. After Factor analysis, T3S+ correlated independently with the expression of TH transporters (MCT8, LAT2), TH receptor (TR) beta and TR coregulators (CARM1, MED1, KAT2B, SRC2, SRC3, NCOR2a). Unexpectedly, no correlation was found between T3S+ vs DIO2, DIO3, SRC1, or TRα. An unbiased systematic analysis of the entire transcriptome identified a set of 1649 genes (set #1) with strong positive correlation with T3S+ (r &gt; 0.75). Factor analysis of set #1 identified 2 sets of genes that correlated independently with T3S+, sets #2 (329 genes) and #3 (191 genes). When processed through the Molecular Signatures Data Base (MSigDB), both sets #2 and #3 were enriched with Gene Ontology (GO)-sets related to synaptic transmission and metabolic processes. Ranking individual human brain donors according to their T3S+ led us to identify 1262 genes (set #4) with &gt;1.3-fold higher expression in the top half. The analysis of the overlapped genes between sets #1 and #4 resulted in 769 genes (set #5), which have a very similar MSigDB signature as sets #2 and #3. In conclusion, gene expression in the human temporal pole can be assessed through T3S+ and fluctuates with subtle variations in local TH signaling.
A systematic review and practical considerations of stereotactic body radiotherapy in the treatment of head and neck cancer
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad Shahid , West Nick , Richmond Neil , Kovarik Josef , Gray Isabel , Willis Nick , Morgan David , Yazici Gozde , Cengiz Mustafa , Paleri Vinidh , Kelly Charles 
Published: September 2020

Objectives:
Stereotactic radiotherapy (SBRT) is gaining popularity although its use in head and neck cancer (HNC) is not well defined. The primary objective was to review the published evidence regarding the use of stereotactic radiotherapy in HNC.

Methods:
A literature search was performed by using MEDLINE and EMBASE databases for eligible studies from 2000 to 2019 and 26 relevant studies were identified.

Results:
Literature demonstrates a heterogeneous use of this technique with regards to patient population, primary or salvage treatment, dose fractionation regimens, outcomes and follow-up protocols. Carotid blow out syndrome is a risk as with other forms of reirradiation but alternative treatment regimens may reduce this risk.

Conclusion:
At present there is a lack of evidence regarding SBRT as a primary treatment option for HNC and definitive answers regarding efficacy and tolerability cannot be provided but there is growing evidence that SBRT reirradiation regimens are safe and effective. In lieu of evidence from large Phase III trials, we define appropriate organ at risk constraints and prescription doses, with accurate plan summation approaches. Prospective randomised trials are warranted to validate improved treatment outcomes and acceptable treatment morbidity.

Advances in knowledge:
This article provides a comprehensive review of evidence of use of stereotactic radiotherapy in HNC site (either as a primary treatment or as reirradiation). We also provide an evidence–based approach to the implementation and practical consideration of stereotactic radiotherapy in HNC.
The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children - A resource for COVID-19 research: Questionnaire data capture May-July 2020
Authors: Northstone Kate , Smith Daniel , Bowring Claire , Wells Nicholas , Crawford Michael , Haworth Simon , Timpson Nicholas J. 
Published: September 2020

The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) is a prospective population-based cohort study which recruited pregnant women in 1990-1992 and has followed these women, their partners and their offspring ever since. The study reacted rapidly to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, deploying an online questionnaire early on during lockdown (from 9th April to 15th May). In late May 2020, a second questionnaire was developed asking about physical and mental health, lifestyle and behaviours, employment and finances. The online questionnaire was deployed across the parent and offspring generations between the 26th May and 5th July 2020. 6482 participants completed the questionnaire (2639 original mothers, 1039 original fathers/partners, 2711 offspring (mean age ~28 years) and 93 partners of offspring). 1039 new participants who did not respond to the first questionnaire deployed in April completed the second questionnaire. A positive COVID-19 test was reported by 36 (0.6%) participants (12 G0 and 24 G1), 91 (1.4%; 35 G0 and 56 G1) reported that they had been told by a doctor they likely had COVID-19 and 838 (13%; 422 G0 and 416 G1) suspected that they have had COVID-19. The observational data from both COVID questionnaires will be complemented with linkage to health records and results of biological testing as they become available. In combination, these data may help us identify true cases. Data has been released as an update to the original dataset released in May 2020. It comprises: 1) a standard dataset containing all participant responses to both questionnaires with key sociodemographic factors and 2) as a composite release coordinating data from the existing resource, thus enabling bespoke research across all areas supported by the study. This data note describes the second questionnaire and the data obtained from it.
FEATURES OF THE INITIAL STAGE OF FORMATION OF FAST CORONAL MASS EJECTION ON FEBRUARY 25, 2014
Authors: Eselevich Viktor , Eselevich Maxim 
Published: September 2020

We have analyzed the fast coronal mass ejection (CME) that occurred on February 25, 2014. The analysis is based on images taken in the 131, 211, 304, and 1700 Å UV channels of the SDO/AIA instrument and from observations obtained in the Hα line (6562.8 Å) with the telescopes of the Teide and Big Bear Observatories.
The February 25, 2014 CME is associated with the ejection and subsequent explosive expansion of the magnetic flux rope, which appeared near the solar surface presumably due to the tether-cutting magnetic reconnection.
The impulse of full pressure (thermal plus magnetic) resulting from such an “explosion” acts on the overlying coronal arcades, causing them to merge and form an accelerated moving frontal structure of the CME. This pressure impulse also generates a blast collisional shock wave ahead of the CME, whose velocity decreases rapidly with distance. At large distances R>7R₀ (R₀ is the solar radius) from the center of the Sun in front of the CME, a shock wave of another type is formed — a “piston” collisional shock wave whose velocity varies little with distance.
At R≥15R₀, there is a transition from a collisional to a collisionless shock wave.
Assessing the Potential Impact of Climate Change on Rice Yield in the Artibonite Valley of Haiti Using the CSM-CERES-Rice Model
Authors: Nicolas Floyid , Migliaccio Kati W. , Hoogenboom Gerrit , Rathinasabapathi Bala R. , Eisenstadt William R. 
Published: September 2020

HighlightsRice yield decreased in the spring-summer and summer-autumn seasons and increased in the winter-spring season.The average annual rice yield in the Artibonite Valley is expected to decrease.MarkSim climate data linked with DSSAT provide a means to simulate climate change impacts on crop yield.Abstract. Rice (Oryza sativa) is one of the major crops in the world and one of the most consumed agricultural products in Haiti, with the main production area in the Artibonite Valley. Crop management, poor soil conditions, and weather uncertainty affect rice production in this region. The objective of this study was to determine the potential impact of climate change on rice yield in the Artibonite Valley of Haiti for future periods (near-term: 2010-2039 and mid-century: 2040-2069) under two Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs 4.5 and 8.5) defined by the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). The Crop Estimation Resource and Environment Synthesis (CERES)-Rice model of the Decision Support for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) cropping system model was used to perform the simulations using local soil characteristics, meteorological data, and crop management following model calibration with local experimental data. Temperature (maximum and minimum) was predicted to increase during all three rice-growing seasons (spring-summer, summer-autumn, and winter-spring). Under both RCPs (4.5 and 8.5), the simulation results indicated that the ensemble-mean rice yield decreased during the spring-summer and summer-autumn seasons (by 5.1% to 6.6% and by 5.4% to 8.3%, respectively) and increased during the winter-spring season (by 2.3% to 3.6%). Although yield increased during the winter-spring season, the average annual yield was predicted to decrease by 3.6% to 7.1% and by 4.2% to 9.6% for the near-term and mid-century climate periods, respectively. These findings could assist with the implementation of adaptation strategies to mitigate the projected negative impact of climate change on rice production in Haiti. Keywords: Cropping system model, DSSAT, Food security, Global climate model, Rice production, Systems analysis.
Nanoengineered Superhydrophobic Surfaces to Prevent Adhesion of Listeria monocytogenes for Improved Food Safety
Authors: Lee Bog Eum , You Youngsang , Choi Won , Hong Eun-mi , Wall Marisa M. , Jun Soojin 
Published: September 2020

HighlightsNanoporous superhydrophobic surfaces were fabricated using electrochemical etching and Teflon coating.Adhesion of Listeria monocytogenes to the nanoengineered stainless steel surfaces was reduced.Self-cleanable food-contact surfaces prevent bacterial attachment and subsequent biofilm formation.Abstract. Bacterial attachment on solid surfaces and subsequent biofilm formation is a significant problem in the food industry. Superhydrophobic surfaces have potential to prevent bacterial adhesion by minimizing the contact area between bacterial cells and the surface. In this study, stainless steel-based superhydrophobic surfaces were fabricated by manipulating nanostructures with electrochemical etching and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) film. The formation of nanostructures on stainless steel surfaces was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The stainless steel surfaces etched at 10 V for 5 min and at 10 V for 10 min with PTFE deposition resulted in average water contact angles of 154° ±4° with pore diameters of 50 nm. In addition, adhesion of Listeria monocytogenes was decreased by up to 99% compared to the bare substrate. These findings demonstrate the potential for the development of antibacterial surfaces by combining nanoporous patterns with PTFE films. Keywords: Electrochemical etching, PTFE, Nanoengineered surface, L. monocytogenes, Superhydrophobic.
Parametric study of laser-induced damage growth in fused silica optics
with large beams at 351  nm. Part 2: fractal analysis
Authors: Veinhard Matthieu , Bonville Odile , Courchinoux Roger , Parreault Romain , Natoli Jean-Yves , Lamaignère Laurent 
Published: September 2020

The impact of laser fluence and pulse duration on both the rate and
probability of growth of laser-induced damage sites has been reported
and analyzed statistically in a companion paper. In this paper, we
report and analyze the volume morphology of damage sites during the
growth process in fused silica optical components, at 351 nm, under
various laser fluence and pulse durations. Fractal analysis has been
used to quantify the bulk damage morphology. A clear link between the
damage morphology and laser pulse duration has been observed. The
results from fractal analysis allows for a better understanding of the
results from the stochastic approach developed in our companion paper.
More specifically, fractal analysis shows how the laser parameters
such as fluence and pulse duration impact the phenomenology and the
dynamics of the growth process.
Detection of single human hairs with a terahertz nonlinear quantum
cascade laser
Authors: Nakanishi Atsushi , Satozono Hiroshi , Fujita Kazuue 
Published: September 2020

We report the demonstration of imaging of a single human hair with a
terahertz quantum cascade laser (THz-QCL) source based on intracavity
difference-frequency generation. A single human hair whose diameter
was about 100 µm was detected using the THz-QCL source operating at
240 K, of which the THz beam had a linear polarization. The results
show that the THz image of a human hair clearly depends on the
polarization direction of the THz beam. The THz QCL sources that are
capable of room temperature operation will be useful for detection of
small foreign objects like human hairs.
Ultraviolet C lasing at 263  nm from Ba2LaF7:Yb3+,Tm3+ upconversion nanocrystal microcavities
Authors: Wang Ting , Liu Bitao , Lin Yue , Yang Qihua , Gao Wei , Li Ming Jie , Qiu Jianbei , Yu Xue , Xu Xuhui , Yu Siu Fung 
Published: September 2020

It is a daunting challenge to realize ultraviolet C (UVC) lasing (i.e., has a wavelength range from 200 to 275 nm) from upconversion nanocrystals due to their low upconversion efficiency. Here, we fabricate

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Programmed immunoadsorption with regeneration of adsoption columns in the treatment of lupus nephritis
Authors: Sokolov A. A. , Manuilov A. S. , Bardakov S. N. , Tishko V. V. , Belskikh A. N. , Strelnikova O. Yu. , Bulgakova T. V. 
Published: September 2020

Programmed immunoadsorption (IA) with regeneration of adsoption columns is a promising and safe technique to treat lupus nephritis (LN) in case of ineffective immunosuppressive therapy and its severe adverse reactions. This technique makes it possible to control disease activity, to maintain kidney function, and to ensure a normal quality of life. Due to the reusability of IA columns, it is possible to remove any required amount of IgG and to reduce the cost of an extracorporeal procedure.The paper describes a clinical case of 3-year prolonged IA in a female patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and LN with the insufficient efficacy of drug therapy and related complications. Seventy IA sessions were performed during a follow-up period. Combined treatment with glucocorticoids, cytotoxic drugs, and IA resulted in improved clinical and laboratory parameters, lower SLE activity according to SELENA-SLEDAI scores, and better quality of life according to the SF-36 scale. No adverse reactions were recorded during IA sessions.
Parameters of the internal picture of the disease and quality of life in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Yaltonsky V. M. , Abrosimov I. N. , Andrushkevich T. D. , Shashurina E. M. , Solovyev S. K. , Aseeva E. A. 
Published: September 2020

Objective: to analyze the structural features of the internal picture of the disease (IPD in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and its ratio with quality of life (QOL) as an indicator of adaptation to the disease.Patients and methods. The investigation enrolled 51 patients with SLE. Comparison groups included patients differing in the psychological parameter – the perception of the existing disease as a threat to life and health: Group 1 (n=17) regarded their disease as a moderate threat to life and well-being; Group 2 (n=34) considered it as a severe threat.Results and discussion. Comparative analysis of the cognitive level of IPD revealed statistically significant differences between the patients of Groups 1 and 2 in the following scales: «course of the disease» (p<0.001), «personal control» (p<0.001), «treatment control» (p<0.001), «understandability of the disease» (p<0.001), «emotional response to the disease» (p<0.005), and «overall level of disease threats» (p<0.001). It turned out that Group 1 patients better understood the features of the course and manifestation of the disease, were more confident in the efficiency and importance of the treatment prescribed, as well as in their own capabilities to improve their health status. Group 2 patients were more inclined to try to cope with the existing negative experiences, by avoiding the problem.Conclusion. IPD can be different in patients with SLE. The perception of illness as a severe threat negatively affects the efficiency of therapy, mental well-being, social activity, and ultimately QOL. The findings can be used to develop programs for psychological support of patients with rheumatic diseases, in particular those with SLE.
Prevention of and control measures for nosocomial coronavirus disease (COVID-19): 2020 recommendations by authors at Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University
Authors: Li Lan , Liu Siyang , He Yuhong , Wang Jinsong , Ding Wenmao 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The rapid global spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Although COVID-19 is a class B infectious disease, the prevention and control measures used for it in China are commonly used for class A infectious diseases. In the process of the spread of the disease, hospitals will be a key point to influence this pandemic. To prevent and control nosocomial infection of SARS-CoV-2, methods and measures were formulated from the relevant laws and regulations of the National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, practical experience of the pandemic, and evidence-based medicine in the hospitals fighting this disease. Thus, this report may provide useful recommendations for the prevention and control of COVID-19 in hospitals and clinics.
From placement to diagnostic testing: Improving feedback to learners and other stakeholders in SELF (Système d’Evaluation en Langues à visée Formative)
Authors: Coulange Sylvain , Jouannaud Marie-Pierre , Cervini Cristiana , Masperi Monica 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Since 2012 an interdisciplinary and culturally heterogeneous team composed of more than 30 people has been engaged in the complex process of conceiving, designing and validating an online placement test with formative orientation called SELF (Système d’Evaluation en Langues à visée Formative), developed and already deployed in six different languages – Italian and English as pilots, followed by French, Mandarin, Japanese and Spanish. Its results are used to form groups and classes of similar ability, or to identify students’ strengths and weaknesses in three macro skills (listening, reading, limited writing). In this report, we describe the steps the multilingual team is currently taking to transform SELF into a diagnostic test that will fulfill its original formative purpose and provide students and other stakeholders with more precise information about their performance. This can be done in two ways, by using the data automatically recorded by the online administration platform more thoroughly and by enriching user feedback with clear and informative graphics. This will enhance the validity of our test, and help close the gap between testing and learning.
The validation of the listening comprehension test tasks in the Certificate of English for Primary Teachers: An extension study
Authors: Pelleriti Margherita 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis paper investigates the validation of the computer-based listening subtest in theCertificate of English for Primary Teachers(CEPT), which is addressed to in-service primary teachers who work in state Italian schools. Since 2004, these teachers, specialists in other subjects, have been asked by the Italian Ministry of Education to teach English to their pupils. Training courses for different CEFR levels and certification have been devised by Italian universities for in-service teachers who are then allowed to teach English in primary schools. This study will briefly illustrate the new requirements set by the European Council in terms of foreign language teaching and learning from an early age. A profile of the foreign language teacher will then be presented and a more detailed analysis of the Italian situation will be provided. The paper then presents the CEPT administered in the Emilia-Romagna region, Italy, by the Language Centre of the University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, with a special focus on the listening subtest. In order to validate the listening test tasks, a mixed methods study was conducted. In particular, the results of the listening subtest administered in June 2015 to 67 candidates and in June 2017 to a new sample of 354 test takers have been statistically analysed and semi-structured interviews have been conducted with a test developer, a teacher trainer and a test taker. In order to shed light on the content relevance and coverage of the CEPT listening subtest under investigation, the judgement expressed by three experienced University English language instructors has been analysed. The results of the quantitative and qualitative data gathered confirm the validity of the CEPT listening subtest. Implications for future research are provided.