bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Diabetes on Cutaneous Leishmanisis: A Case Control Study on Infection, Treatment Outcomes and its Public Health Importance
Authors: Mostafavi Mahshid , Sharifi Iraj , Asadikaram Gholamreza , Nakhaee Nozar , Kakooei Sina , Aflatoonian Mohammad Reza , Bamorovat Mehdi , Oliaee Razieh Tavakoli , Karamoozian Ali 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to assess the associated-risk determinants for cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) compared to patients without diabetes. Methods: This work was performed as a case-control study between 2016 and 2019 in southeastern Iran. Participants were selected from patients with DM without CL, patients with CL without DM, and DM patients co-infected with CL as case groups and healthy individuals as a control group. The groups were screened, interviewed, and clinically examined. These cases were compared for parasitological, immunological, biochemical, and hematological parameters. T-test, univariate, multivariate logistic regression, univariate and multivariate multinomial logistic regression analyses were performed to compare the inter- and intra-subgroups. P < 0.05 was defined significant. Results: The findings demonstrated that parasitological factors regarding the number, duration, and size of the lesion in CL patients showed a significant difference among patients with and without diabetes (p < 0.05). Data analysis showed that six major risk factors, including female (odds ratio (OR) = 3.47, confidence interval (CI) =1.84–6.53, p < 0.001), total protein in CL group (OR= 4.9, CI=2.3-10.44, p <0.001), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) concentration in CL group (OR= 0.87, CI=0.81-0.93, p<0.001) and DM co-infected with CL group (OR= 0.8, CI=0.72-0.88, p <0.001) than healthy group, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) concentration in DM group (OR= 0.86, CI=0.76-0.98, p =0.02), transforming growth factor beta )TGF-β( level in the CL group (OR= 1.03, CI=1.003-1.05, p=0.02) and presence of diabetes disease (OR = 2.07, CI = 1.16–3.7, p < 0.05) were significantly linked with the induction of CL lesion. Furthermore, the parasitological, immunological, biochemical, and hematological findings were different from the CL group to DM co-infected with CL group.Conclusions: The findings demonstrated that there was a significant relationship between DM and CL in distinct risk determinants. Also, the study revealed that DM enhanced the severity of active CL. Therefore, proper prophylactic and therapeutic measures should be taken in endemic countries where DM and CL are co-infected.
Morphological growth pattern of Phanerochaete chrysosporium cultivated on different Miscanthus x giganteus biomass fractions
Authors: KHALIL Hassan , LEGIN Estelle , KUREK Bernard , PERRE Patrick , TAIDI Behnam 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The growth pattern of Phanerochaete chrysosporium on different Miscanthus x giganteus biomass fractions was investigated via an original method based on microscopy and image processing. The growth medium, together with image acquisition, was designed to study the mycelia growth non-invasively. Object coalescence, the colonized surface area, and radial expansion of the colony were measured. The substrate was sterilized by autoclaving, which could be considered a pre-treatment. The fastest growth rate was measured on the entire biomass, followed by the soluble fraction of the biomass, and finally, the residual solid fraction of the substrate pre-treated by autoclave. The growth rate on the different fractions of the substrate was additive, suggesting that both the solid and liquid fractions were used by the fungus, although the solid fraction of the substrate seemed to provide a richer but less accessible nutritional source. Based on the FTIR analysis, there were differences in composition between the solid and soluble fractions of the substrate, but the main components for growth were always present. We propose using this novel method for measuring initial fungal growth by following the variation of the number of objects over time. The methodology may be applied to the examination of other filamentous fungi.
Enhancing the performance of microbial desalination cells using δMnO2/graphene nanocomposite as a cathode catalyst
Authors: Elawwad Abdelsalam , Ragab Mostafa , Hamdy Ahmed , Husein Dalal Z. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In this work, δMnO2 was anchored into graphene nanosheets via a mediated simple and eco-friendly approach to be used as a potential low-cost cathodic catalyst in microbial desalination cells (MDC). MnO2/G based MDC revealed a faster start-up and stable performance during the operation compared with the catalyst-free control MDC. The average chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiencies were 85.11 ± 5.13 and 86.20 ± 4.85% and average columbic efficiencies throughout the operation cycles were 1.52 ± 0.32% and 0.70 ± 0.35% for MnO2/G based reactor and control reactor, respectively. The average desalination efficiencies were 15.67 ± 3.32 and 13.21 ± 2.61% for MnO2/G based reactor and control reactor, respectively. The superior catalytic performance of MnO2/G based cathode improved current generation which is the key desalination stimulus. MnO2/G based reactor revealed a lower internal resistance of 430 Ω compared with 485 Ω for the catalyst-free control reactor and, similarly, the maximum power densities were found to be 12.5 and 6.5 mW/m2, respectively. MnO2/G catalyst offered an improved MDC performance, however, still with uncompetitive performance in comparison with platinum group metals catalysts.
Synthesis and in Vitro Cytotoxicity Evaluation of Phenanthrene Linked 2,4- Thiazolidinediones as Potential Anticancer Agents
Authors: Yadav Upasana , Vanjari Yogesh , Laxmikeshav Kritika , Tokala Ramya , Niggula Praveen K. , Kumar Manoj , Talla Venu , Kamal Ahmed , Shankaraiah Nagula 
Published: July 2020

Objective:To synthesize a series of phenanthrene-thiazolidinedione hybrids and explore their cytotoxic potential against human cancer cell lines of A-549 (lung cancer), HCT-116 and HT-29 (colon cancer), MDA MB-231 (triple negative breast cancer), BT-474 (breast cancer) and (mouse melanoma) B16F10 cells.Methods:A new series of phenanthrene-thiazolidinedione hybrids was synthesized via Knoevenagel condensation of phenanthrene-9-carbaldehyde and N-alkylated thiazolidinediones. The cytotoxicity (IC50) of the synthesized compounds was determined by MTT assay. Apoptotic assays like (AO/EB) and DAPI staining, cell cycle analysis, JC-1 staining and Annexin V binding assay studies were performed for the most active compound (Z)- 3-(4-bromobenzyl)-5-((2,3,6,7-tetramethoxyphenanthren-9-yl)methylene)thiazolidine-2,4-dione (17b). Molecular docking, dynamics and evaluation of pharmacokinetic (ADME/T) properties were also carried out by using Schrödinger.Results and Discussion:From the series of tested compounds, 17b unveiled promising cytotoxic action with an IC50value of 0.985±0.02μM on HCT-116 human colon cancer cells. The treatment of HCT-116 cells with 17b demonstrated distinctive apoptotic morphology like shrinkage of cells, horseshoe-shaped nuclei formation and chromatin condensation. The flow-cytometry analysis revealed the G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest in a dosedependent fashion. The AO/EB, DAPI, DCFDA, Annexin-V and JC-1 staining studies were performed in order to determine the effect of the compound on cell viability. Computational studies were performed by using Schrödinger to determine the stability of the ligand with the DNA.Conclusion:The current study provides an insight on developing a series of phenanthrene thiazolidinedione derivatives as potential DNA interactive agents which might aid in colon cancer therapy.
Plant Lectins as Insecticidal Agents Against Cotton Leafworm Spodoptera littoralisand Their Potential Applications in Crop Protection
Authors: Mohsen Soad F.E. , Abbassy Moustafa A. , Abou-Taleb Hamdy K , Rabea Entsar I. 
Published: July 2020

Background:
The production of insecticidal proteins is one of the greatest vital direct defense
responses in plants against the attack by phytophagous insects. One particular class of the entomotoxic
proteins present in many plant species is lectins that is used against a wide range of important
insects.

Aim:
The insecticidal activity of two lectins from seeds of white kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)
and soybean (Glycine max) on the growth, development and survival of the cotton leafworm,
Spodoptera littoralis Boisd. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) was studied.

Methods:
Lectin products were isolated and purified using ammonium sulfate precipitation. Insecticidal
activity, growth-inhibitory and physiological effects on the differential haemocyte count of lectin
products were evaluated against S. littoralis. In vivo effects of lectin products on some S. littoralis
enzymes were also determined.

Results:
Lectin contents in 250 g seeds were 700 and 500 mg in soybean and white kidney bean, respectively.
The total protein concentrations were 160-163 and 118-120 mg/mL in soybean and white
kidney bean, respectively. The insecticidal activity of lectin products exerted a strong effect on the
larval weight gain and the reduction of the weight reached to 75.25%. Furthermore, the other developmental
stages of pupation and adult formation were also affected. An elongated larval duration
was noticed since larval duration was 24.8 days compared with control (12.0 days). Complete pupation
(100%) was recorded in the control; however, a significant decrease in pupation was found to be
54.0% in treated larvae. Lectin products increased the average number of 123.9 haemocytes (123.9)
compared to the control (94.4 haemocytes/field). In addition, lectin products inhibited the activity of
total proteases, α-amylase, GST and total esterases.

Conclusion:
It can be concluded that the lectins have high potential in pest control strategies based
on their activity towards the cotton leafworm, S. littoralis. These findings suggest that lectin products
are interesting tools for integrated pest management in important agriculture crops.
Perceptions and Attitudes Toward a Mobile Phone App for Mental Health for College Students: Qualitative Focus Group Study
Authors: Holtz Bree E , McCarroll Alexis M , Mitchell Katharine M 
Published: July 2020

BackgroundMany college students who have mental health issues do not receive professional care for various reasons. Students who do not receive help often have both short- and long-term adverse health outcomes. Mobile apps for mental health services such as MySSP, a service provided to college students through their university, may help eliminate barriers to seeking mental health care and result in more positive outcomes for college students.ObjectiveThis qualitative study aims to better understand college students’ perceptions and attitudes toward the adoption and use of a mobile phone app for mental health, MySSP, using the technology acceptance model (TAM).MethodsA series of nine focus groups were conducted with college students (N=30) between February and May 2019 at a large, public Midwestern university. The moderator’s guide was based on the TAM, and focus group sessions primarily focused on the use and knowledge of apps for mental health, specifically, MySSP. The focus group transcriptions were hand-coded to develop a set of themes that encompassed students’ perceptions and attitudes toward MySSP.ResultsThe analysis of the focus groups suggested the following themes: (1) existing awareness of the app, (2) perceived usefulness, (3) perceived ease of use, (4) attitudes toward apps for mental health and MySSP, and (5) social influence.ConclusionsThe results of this study provide deeper insights into the perceptions of a mobile app for mental health among college students. Future research should explore the specific contexts in which an app for mental health will be most effective for college students.
An Ovarian Reserve Assessment Model Based on Anti-Müllerian Hormone Levels, Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Levels, and Age: Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Xu Huiyu , Shi Li , Feng Guoshuang , Xiao Zhen , Chen Lixue , Li Rong , Qiao Jie 
Published: July 2020

Background
Previously, we reported a model for assessing ovarian reserves using 4 predictors: anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) level, antral follicle count (AFC), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) level, and female age. This model is referred as the AAFA (anti-Müllerian hormone level–antral follicle count–follicle-stimulating hormone level–age) model.

Objective
This study aims to explore the possibility of establishing a model for predicting ovarian reserves using only 3 factors: AMH level, FSH level, and age. The proposed model is referred to as the AFA (anti-Müllerian hormone level–follicle-stimulating hormone level–age) model.

Methods
Oocytes from ovarian cycles stimulated by gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist were collected retrospectively at our reproductive center. Poor ovarian response (<5 oocytes retrieved) was defined as an outcome variable. The AFA model was built using a multivariable logistic regression analysis on data from 2017; data from 2018 were used to validate the performance of AFA model. Measurements of the area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predicative value were used to evaluate the performance of the model. To rank the ovarian reserves of the whole population, we ranked the subgroups according to the predicted probability of poor ovarian response and further divided the 60 subgroups into 4 clusters, A-D, according to cut-off values consistent with the AAFA model.

Results
The AUCs of the AFA and AAFA models were similar for the same validation set, with values of 0.853 (95% CI 0.841-0.865) and 0.850 (95% CI 0.838-0.862), respectively. We further ranked the ovarian reserves according to their predicted probability of poor ovarian response, which was calculated using our AFA model. The actual incidences of poor ovarian response in groups from A-D in the AFA model were 0.037 (95% CI 0.029-0.046), 0.128 (95% CI 0.099-0.165), 0.294 (95% CI 0.250-0.341), and 0.624 (95% CI 0.577-0.669), respectively. The order of ovarian reserve from adequate to poor followed the order from A to D. The clinical pregnancy rate, live-birth rate, and specific differences in groups A-D were similar when predicted using the AFA and AAFA models.

Conclusions
This AFA model for assessing the true ovarian reserve was more convenient, cost-effective, and objective than our original AAFA model.
Development of Capecitabine Floating Tablet Dosage Forms for Treating Stomach Cancer
Authors: Shaik Salma , Maddela Sudhir , Nalluri Buchi N. 
Published: July 2020

Objective: In the present research work, oral gastro retentive dosage forms (GRDFs) of capecitabine (CPC) were formulated using floating concept.
Methods: GRDFs were formulated using hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC K4M and K15M) as drug release retardant, sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) and calcium carbonate (CaCO3) as gas generating agents, and micro crystalline cellulose (MCC), dicalcium phosphate (DCP), spray dried lactose (SDL), and pre gelatinized starch (PGS) as fillers. The tablets were prepared by direct compression method and evaluated for various parameters. The GRDFs were also characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).
Results and Discussion: All the formulations were subjected for pre and post compression parameters, shows all the data within the limits. The lag times of GRDFs has decreased significantly for formulations containing calcium carbonate when compared to sodium bicarbonate as gas generating agent. In vitro drug release studies indicate that higher polymer concentration delayed the CPC release, and the sustaining effect was in the order K4M > K15M > LVCR 100. Addition of MCC, DCP, SDL, and PGS as fillers further affected the lag time and in turn the CPC release rates.
Conclusion: The formulation (F9) containing 10%w/w HPMC K4M as the release retardant, microcrystalline cellulose as filler and 20%w/w CaCO3 as gas generating agent fulfilled regulatory requirements in terms of percent drug release at the end of 24h.
Keywords: Capecitabine, Gastro retentive floating tablets, floating drug delivery systems, FTIR, DSC.
ANALISIS TINGKAT PEMAHAMAN GURU TERHADAP PENGGUNAAN TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI PADA SMK KABUPATEN ACEH BESAR
Authors: Wanti Ade , AR Khairan , Prajana Andika 
Published: July 2020

Teknologi informasi memberi pengaruh besar terhadap aktifitas pada sektor pendidikan diantaranya pada pendidikann sekolah menengah atas maupun tingkat pendidkan tinggi. Pemanfaatan teknologi informasi dengan bijak, dapat memberikan dampak yang baik untuk masyarakat, seperti bagi tenaga pendidik. Sehingga, seorang pendidik harus dapat memahami penggunaan teknologi informasi ketika melakukan proses belajar mengajar di kelas. Oleh sebab itu, penelitian ini bermaksud melihat pemahaman guru terhadap penggunaan teknologi informasi di tiga sekolah menengah kejuruan (SMK) di Aceh. Observasi dan penyebaran angket adalah dua langkah pengumpulan datapada penelitian ini. Hasil yang didapat kemudian dianalisis dengan program SPSS versi 22.0. Uji yang penulis lakukan untuk penelitian ini diantaranya adalah uji validitas, reliablitas, normalitas, dan uji korelasi yang bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan variabel-variabel yang penulis teliti. Hasil penelitian didapat bahwa, tingkat pemahaman penggunaaan teknologi informasi pada tiga sekolah kurang baik yang dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor.
ANALISA DAN PERANCANGAN GAME EDUKASI STUDENT ADVENTURE 2D PADA SMK NEGERI 1 AL-MUBARKEYA
Authors: Aula Sulaiman , Ahmadian Hendri , Abdul Majid Basrul 
Published: July 2020

Penelitiant ini bertujuan merancang media belajar dalam bentuk game. penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian dan pengembangan ( Research and Dvelopment ). Dalam tahapan proses penelitian ini ada tahap analisis, desain, pengembangan, implementasi dan pengujian. Pengujian yang dilakukan berupa validasi yang dilakukan oleh ahli media dan ahli materi. Kemudian media diuji coba oleh siswa, setelah dilakukan validasi dan media memenuhi kriteria interaktif yang layak, barulah kemudian dilakukan pengujian atau penelitian untuk mengetahui kelayakan dilapangan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMK Negeri 1 Al-Mubarkeya Aceh Besar dengan melibatkan 30 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner, kemudian data yang diproleh dianalisis dengan teknik analisis deskriptif. Pada penelitian ini didapatkan hasil kelayakan ahli materi dengan nilai nilai rata-rata 4,65 (sangat layak), ahli media dengan nilai rata-rata 4,35 (sangat layak) dan hasil uji coba oleh mahasiswi dengan nilai rata-rata 4,44 ( sangat baik). Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa game edukasi “Student Adventure” layak digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran di SMK Negeri 1 Al-Mubarkeya Aceh Besar.
Perlindungan Hukum Pemegang Sertifikat Atas Tanah Ganda Berdasarkan Peraturan Pemerintah No.24 Tahun 1997
Authors: Taqiyyah Maya Anas , Winanti Atik 
Published: July 2020

Kepemilikan tanah diakui secara hukum apabila terlebih dahulu didaftarkan pada kantor pertanahan, sesuai rumusan peraturan pemerintah No.24 Tahun 1997, dengan tujuan memberikan kepastian hukum serta perlindungan terhadap tanah yang dimiliki, namun pada penerapannya masih banyak sengketa yang timbul berhubungan dengan kepemilikan tanah, Seperti diterbitkannya dua buah Sertifikat diatas bidang tanah yang sama, seperti Sertifikat tanah yang mengalami tumpang tindih sebagaimana dalam putusan PK No.2/PK/Pdt/2008. Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini ialah 1) bagaimana jual beli tanah dalam kasus PK No.2/PK/Pdt/2008 sehingga menjadi pertimbangan hakim?;2) perlindungan hukum yang diberikan kepada pemegang Sertifikat sebenarnya sesuai PP No.24 Tahun 1997? dengan tujuan mengkaji pertimbangan hakim terhadap kasus tumpang tindih Sertifikat dan mengkaji perlindungan hukum yang didapatkan Pemegang Sertifikat tanah . Penelitian menggunakan jenis penelitian normatif untuk dapat menunjukan sebuah jual beli tanah yang baik dalam kasus putusan PK No.2/PK/Pdt/2008 yang digunakan sebagai pertimbangan hakim serta perlindungan hukum yang diberikan kepada pemegang sebenarnya dalam kasus tersebut.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI PELAKU TINDAK PIDANA ANAK PADA TINGKAT PENYIDIKAN
Authors: Bakhtiar Yusnanik 
Published: July 2020

Abstrak Anak akan melakukan apa yang mereka liat dari orang dewasa. Orang tualah yang akan membentuk watak anak apakah akan menjadi baik atau kebalikannya anak akan menjadi jahat bahkan tidak menutup kemungkinan penjadi seorang pelaku tindak pidana. Anak sebagai pelaku tindak pidana tentu saja memerlukan perlindungan hukum agar hak hak anak bisa terpenuhi dalam proses pemeriksaan khususnya pada tingkat penyidikan.Rumusan masalah dari penelitian ini adalah Bagaimana perlindungan hukum terhadap anak yang melakukan tindak pidana pada tingkat penyidikan dan bagaimana perlindungan hukum terhadap anak yang melakukan tindak pidana di Polres Siak Kabupaten Siak?. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perlindungan hukum terhadap anak yang melakukan tindak pidana pada tingkat penyidikan dan perlindungan hukum terhadap anak yang melakukan tindak pidana di Polres Siak Kabupaten Siak.Hasil Penelitian menunjukan bahwa perlindungan terhadap anak yang melakukan tindak pidana di Polres Siak sudah sesuai dengan Undang Undang No.35 Tahun 2014 Tentang Perubahan atas Undang Undang No. 23 Tahun 2002 Tentang Perlindungan Anak. Perlindungan hukum ini diantaranya adalah perlindungan dari segala tindak kekerasan dan diskriminatif serta adanya pendampingan oleh advokat pada pemeriksaan perkara pada tingkat penyidikan. Sebelum dilakukan penyidikan maka penyidik dalam hal ini mengupayakan diversi dalam penyelesaian perkara yang dilakukan oleh anak. Diversi adalah upaya penyelesaian perkara pidana di luar pengadilan. Kata Kunci: Perlindungan-Tindak Pidana-Anak
A INTERNACIONALIZAÇÃO DA UNIVERSIDADE DE SÃO PAULO: RELAÇÕES ENTRE A DEMANDA ESTRANGEIRA E O ENSINO DE PORTUGUÊS COMO LÍNGUA ADICIONAL
Authors: Oliveira Leilane Morais 
Published: July 2020

Este artigo apresenta um estudo de caso ligado à Universidade de São Paulo (USP), por meio de uma discussão que relaciona dados numéricos da Agência USP de Cooperação Acadêmica e Internacional (AUCANI), referentes ao número de alunos estrangeiros recebidos por essa universidade, às ações que ela executa no âmbito do ensino de Português como Língua Adicional. De modo geral, os dados permitem notar que a gestão universitária tem avançado, no sentido de estabelecer ações ligadas ao ensino de língua portuguesa como parte de seu processo de internacionalização IN, seja via AUCANI ou via Centro de Línguas. Por outro lado, também permitem considerar que as ações ainda não são suficientes em termos quantitativos e em relação a abarcar níveis de ensino mais avançados do português brasileiro. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: internacionalização IN; português como língua adicional; universidade de são paulo.