bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Postoperative day 3 drain amylase versus fistula risk score: predicting clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula following pancreatico-duodenectomy
Authors: Swamy Gowda Nagesh Nayakarahally , Obalanarasimhaiah Sathish , Setty Balakrishna N. , Jena Jyotirmay , Kumar Mannem Manoj 
Published: December 2019

Background: Clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula (CR-POPF) remains the most common cause of perioperative morbidity following pancreatico-duodenectomy (PD). Early and accurate prediction of CR-POPF can be helpful in postoperative drain management as well as stratifying patients for enhanced recovery protocol after surgery. Both fistula risk score (FRS) and postoperative drain amylase levels have been analyzed in past. However, currently there is no clear consensus regarding the ideal predictor. Present study sought to assess the utility of postoperative day 3 drain amylase (POD-3DA) level as a predictor of CR-POPF in comparison with FRS.Methods: A retrospective analysis was done on 57 patients who underwent PD at our institute between 2014 to 2018. POPF was defined and graded in accordance with ISGPF definition. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis predicted a threshold of POD3DA >486 IU/l associated with CR-POPF. Sensitivity, specificity and odds ratios with 95%CI calculated and ROC curves were plotted for POD3DA of ≥500 IU/l and FRS (negligible/low vs. moderate/ high) as predictors of CR-POPF.Results: Incidence of POPF and CR-POPF was 63% and 32% respectively. Sensitivity and specificity of POD3DA ≥500 and moderate/high FRS for predicting CR-POPF were 83%, 79% & 78%, 51% respectively. Difference between ROC area under the curve (AUC) for POD3DA ≥500 IU/l (0.868) and FRS (0.692) was significant (p=0.028). Combining FRS and POD3DA ≥500 IU/l improved specificity (87%) at the cost of sensitivity (67%). The negative predictive value of POD3DA <500 IU/l and negligible/low FRS were 91.2% and 83.3% respectively.Conclusions: POD3DA level greater than 5 times of upper normal range is more precise at predicting CR-POPF, hence clinically more reliable for drain and postoperative management.
“Parvus error in principio magnus est in fine”: Thomas Aquinas’s Reinterpretation of the Understanding of Being and Essence as the Basis for the Discovery of the First Cause as Ipsum Esse
Authors: Maryniarczyk Andrzej 
Published: December 2019

In this article, the author notes that Thomas Aquinas, in his brief work entitled De Ente et Essentia, proved that at the base of understanding the world, the human being, and God in particular, there is our understanding of being and its essence. When we make a small mistake at the beginning (parvus error in principio) in our understanding of being and its essence, it will turn to be a big one in the end (magnus in fine). And what is “at the end” of our knowledge is the discovery of the First and Ultimate Cause of all things, known as: Ipsum Esse, God, the Absolute, The Most Perfect Substance, on whom everything depends, and who depends not on anything else. These present inquiries about the proper understanding of being and its essence are aimed at formulating proof of the necessity of existence of a Being that is the First Cause, and which, existing as Ipsum Esse, is the source and reason of existence of all beings. Without these inquiries, the proof itself would be incomprehensible, and more importantly it would be a purely a priori one (i.e., ontological). Furthermore, without the existential conception of being, which Thomas first formulated, one could not discover the First Cause which, as Ipsum Esse, is the source of the existence of every being. This issue seems to have escaped the attention of the author of the book Aquinas’s Way to God. The Proof in “De Ente et Essentia.”
The Metaphysical Argument for God’s Existence
Authors: Ośko Krzysztof 
Published: December 2019

In this paper, I present main theses of Aquinas Way to God: The Proof in the De Ente et Essentia by Gaven Kerr. The book in question is a contemporary interpretation and defence of Thomas Aquinas’s argument for the existence of God, based on the real distinction between the essence of the thing and its act of being. I stress the fact that Kerr underlines the metaphysical character of Thomas’s argument and the role of participation in Aquinas’s understanding of the act of being. In the last part of the article, I discuss Kerr’s interpretation of Aquinas’s argument for the real distinction between essence and an act of being, as well as Kerr’s own argument. These arguments are of particular importance since they provide metaphysical presuppositions for the argument for God’s existence considered in Kerr’s book. As for the first argument, I argue that the first part of Aquinas’s argumentation (the so-called Intellectus Essentiae Argument) pertains to the real order rather than conceptual. Concerning the second argument, I attempt to highlight the difficulties of Kerr’s understanding of Thomist esse as a principle of the existence of a thing.
Rhetoric as a Tool for Studying Our Thoughts: What is Téchne Rhetoriké?
Authors: Lichański Jakub Zdzisław 
Published: January 2020

Rhetoric is not only a methodology of the humanities. It is the most important of the sciences the ancient thinkers left us. It defines not only the methods of argumentation from uncertain premises, and not only is it a theory of text, but most of all it is a tool for organising our thoughts and preparing texts, the aim of which is to convince, but in a way which ensures knowledge and not opinion (Kant). However, the language that we use often fails us. Both Plato and Aristotle warned us about this. At the same time, they developed the foundations for téchne rhetoriké, the systemic shape of which we owe to Quintilian. Rhetoric, as posited by its ancient as well as contemporary researchers, is not a lexicon of gimmicks (Volkmann). It is rather an analogue of logic (Volkmann). As Wilhelm Windelband said: “thanks to grammar and rhetoric we have learnt the correct rules of thinking.” The author discusses not only the history of the studies of rhetoric, but also of language, mainly referring to the traditions of the Vienna Circle (Der Wiener Kreis). Though the achievements of contemporary linguistics and the contemporary studies on the philosophical foundations of linguistic studies are considered, the perspectives defined by Immanuel Kant and the researchers from the Vienna Circle are dominant. The aim of this study was not only to reiterate Windelband’s thesis, but also to verify it more comprehensively.
Interpreting Texts in Various Discourses
Authors: Habrajska Grażyna 
Published: January 2020

Within the communication-based approach, discourse is an area of meanings, which are formed through the interpretation of texts. Those meanings remain in our memory and are active as per communicational needs. The meanings forming a discourse constitute a particular basis for reference, i.e. its own logic. Therefore, one must learn how to participate in specific discourses. In considering the general purpose of communication and the special base of reference of meaning, we identified such discourses as: academic, official, journalistic, and artistic, which one could narrow down to more specific sub-discourses. The texts created within a discourse or sub-discourse may take both verbal and visual forms. Each discourse introduces different rules of interpretation, which a participant must learn. Discourses develop and exist within their own interpretative fields. Participation in a discourse both expands and improves its interpretative field. When a person does not participate in a discourse, they drop out of the discourse altogether. It is worth remembering that people possess various levels of the readiness to participate in specific discourses.
The role of leadership in a STEM teachers professional development programme
Authors: Da Costa Maria Cristina Oliveira , Domingos Antonio Manuel Dias 
Published: January 2020

The international academic community recommends the integration of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) education in order to better prepare students to face the increasing challenges of our real world. However, literature diagnoses difficulties related to the implementation of STEM integrated tasks by the teachers in school, related to the need of having enough specialised knowledge to achieve this goal. Teachers are the key to any process of a pedagogical intervention. In this regard, there is the need to promote their professional development, which raises the following question: What strategies of a professional development programme (PDP) provide teachers with motivation and confidence to innovate their practices? This paper discusses the role of leadership as an important strategy to promote the efficacy of a STEM PDP. With a qualitative methodology and an interpretative approach, a primary school teacher case study is presented. The teacher was able to develop STEM integrated tasks in the context of a collaborative network involving the teamÂ´s project leader, the school leaders and the training centre leader.
Keywords: Collaboration, leadership, primary school, professional development, STEM.
Managing ICT solutions for training and evaluation of C++ programming skills in e-learning ecosystem
Authors: Markoska Ramona 
Published: January 2020

Ð set of functional upgrades to the existing e-learning ecosystem for the C++ programming language, which provides a solution where students can use their own computers during training and practical exams, is presented in this article. The ICT solutions applied in this case offer a supervised and protected the online environment, where each student has their own working account. The rights and privileges for accessing and using various software services are customised according to the educational tasks (training or exam). Depending on the purpose, the described software solutions are realised as web services for education and training and network services for collection and evaluation of the studentsâ€™ solutions during the practical exam. During the training, web services are used, and each account has its own folder, in which the solutions are stored, and if necessary, those can be opened, modified, tested and shared for collaboration or evaluation in an integrated C++ compiler. During practical exams, network services installed on Raspberry Pi are used, and for security reasons, there is no online access. Ready student solutions according to defined test cases are placed on the server. The principle of evaluation consists in comparing the solutions of each student separately with the pre-designed solutions set in the system for the same test cases. The e-learning ecosystem is developed and upgraded by managing various ICT open source solutions described in this work.
Keywords: E-learning ecosystem, C++ programming, Raspberry Pi.
â€œSink or swim?â€ Equal educational opportunities for children from a different cultural background in the EU
Authors: Stankova Iva , Venterova Lenka 
Published: January 2020

The joint education of children, pupils and students from a different cultural background within mainstream education is one of the Czech Ministry of Education, Youth and Sportsâ€™ priorities. Laws in force guarantee childrenâ€™s right to so-called support measures, which help to overcome their disadvantages. In our research survey, our objective is to chart the improvement in conditions promoting equal opportunities in the education of children from a different cultural background. The primary documents analysed were legislative and curricular documents, programmes and projects at a national and European level. We have modelled the entire topic on the example of supporting children from a different cultural background; children of foreigners, or children with a different mother tongue who live in the Czech Republic, and on the example of supporting Czech children living in EU countries, visiting European schools which provide a multilingual and multicultural education.
Keywords: Pupils from a different cultural background, legislative documents, different mother tongue, European School.
Girişimsel radyoloji bölümünde lokal anestezi ile işlem yapılan hastaların ağrı ve anksiyete (endişe) durumlarının belirlenmesi
Authors: ÖZTAŞ Bediye , İYİGÜN Emine 
Published: December 2019

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı; çok çeşitli hasta profiline sahip olan girişimsel radyoloji bölümünde lokal anestezi ile işlem yapılan hastaların işlem öncesi ve sonrasında ağrı ve anksiyete durumlarının belirlenmesidir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırma; yarı deneysel olarak planlanmıştır. Araştırmada örneklem seçimine gidilmemiş olup belirtilen tarihler arasında araştırmaya dahil olma kriterlerine uyan ve araştırmaya katılmayı kabul eden 100 hasta araştırmanın örneklemini oluşturmuştur. Hastaların ağrı ve anksiyete durumlarını belirlemek için birden ona kadar numaralanmış Visüel Analog Skala (VAS) kullanılmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde frekans dağılımları, Kruskall Wallis, Mann Whitney U, Pearson Korelasyon testleri kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: İşlem öncesinde hastaların; %78’si ağrı beklentisini, %71’i ise anksiyete seviyesini VAS’a göre 4 ve üzeri puan vererek ifade etmişlerdir. İşlem sonrasında hastaların; %37’si ağrısını, %38’i anksiyetesini VAS’a göre 4 ve üzeri puan vererek ifade etmişlerdir. Girişimsel radyoloji bölümünde nonvasküler işlem yapılan hastaların işlem öncesi ve işlem sonrası anksiyete puanları vasküler işlem yapılan hastalara göre istatistiksel olarak daha yüksek bulunmuştur (p
Bornova İlçesi’nde dört okulda ergenlerde internet bağımlılığı ve güvenli internet kullanımının değerlendirilmesi
Authors: SİPAHİ Hilal , KARTAL Ekin , GÖKKILIÇ Berke , DEMİR Hatice , YOLDAŞ Süheyla , YABAR Suna , MAY Özge , ÖZDEMİR Ahmet Enis , SARIGÜL Melek , OĞUZ Vahap Tevfik 
Published: December 2019

Amaç: Bu çalışmada İzmir‟in nüfusu en büyük ilçelerinden Bornova İlçesi‟nde belirlenen dört pilot okulda internet bağımlılığı prevalansının değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu kesitsel çalışmada araştırma grubunu Bornova ilçesindeki iki devlet ve iki özel okulun 6., 7., 9. ve 10. sınıflarındaki 1035 öğrenci oluşturdu. Veri toplama aracı olarak, Günüç ve Kayri‟nin 2009 yılında geliştirdiği “internet bağımlılık ölçeği” ve kişisel anket formu kullanıldı.
Bulgular: Çalışma grubundaki 1035 öğrencinin 685‟ine ulaşıldı. Formları uygun şekilde doldurmayan 24 öğrenci çalışma dışında bırakıldı; %63,9‟u (n=661) analize alındı. İnternet bağımlılık ölçeğine göre öğrencilerin %37,4‟ü (n=247) internet bağımlısı değilken, %36,9‟u (n=244) risk grubundaydı ve %25,7‟si (n=170) ise internet bağımlısıydı. İnternet bağımlılık durumları ile güvenli internet kullanma (x2=9,013; p=0,011), günlük bilgisayar oyunu oynama (x2=76,556; p=0,000), televizyon izleme (x2=11,859; p=0,003), öğrencinin internet hakkında evde bilgilendirilmesi (x2=19.386; p
Primer pilonidal sinüs hastalığı için cerrahi tedavide geniş eksizyon-açık bırakma, primer kapama ve flep uygulama sonuçlarının karşılaştırılması
Authors: ARSLAN Baha , EROL Varlık , ÖZVARDAR PEKCAN Yonca 
Published: December 2019

Amaç: Bu çalışmada primer pilonidal sinüs nedeni ile ameliyat edilen hastalarda geniş eksizyon sonrası açık bırakma (GE), geniş eksizyon primer kapama (PK) ve flep uygulaması (F) yapılan hastaların sonuçlarının karşılaştırılması planlandı.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Toplam 249 hastanın verileri retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Bu hastaların 12’si nüks hastalık nedeni ile değerlendirme dışı bırakıldı. Hastaların 101’ine GE, 68’ine PK ve 68’ine de F yapılmıştı. Demografik özellikler, semptomların süresi, gluteal kleftin özelliği, perioperatif komplikasyonlar, ameliyat süresi ve hastanede kalış süresi, dren kullanımı ve pansuman durumu patolojik piyes hacmi anüse uzaklık ve hastalığın nüksü kaydedildi.
Bulgular: Ortalama operasyon süresi GE grubunda 32,62±9,65; PK grubunda 53,23±15,40; F grubunda 76,69±17,00 dakika idi (p
Abordagem aos Doentes com Intolerância às Estatinas: Revisão Baseada na Evidência
Authors: Almeida Joana Tendais , Esteves Ana Luísa , Martins Filipa , Palma Isabel 
Published: January 2020

Introdução: As estatinas são dos fármacos mais eficazes na redução dos níveis de colesterol e, consequentemente, da morbimortalidade cardiovascular. Apesar de globalmente bem toleradas, têm efeitos secundários que podem condicionar a adesão dos doentes à terapêutica. O objetivo desta revisão é sintetizar a evidência existente acerca da eficácia das estratégias alternativas de abordagem da dislipidemia nos doentes intolerantes às estatinas.Material e Métodos: Realizámos uma pesquisa bibliográfica de normas de orientação clínica, revisões sistemáticas e meta-análises em janeiro de 2017, nas principais bases de dados internacionais, tendo sido considerados os artigos publicados nos últimos 10 anos, e ainda de artigos originais na base de dados PubMed publicados nos últimos três anos. O nível de evidência e força de recomendação foram determinados utilizando a escala de Strenght of Recommendation Taxonomy - SORT.Resultados: Incluímos oito normas de orientação clínica, seis revisões sistemáticas e um artigo original.Discussão: A abordagem ao doente intolerante às estatinas varia conforme a gravidade dos sintomas e inclui a manutenção da terapêutica com estatina (redução da dose, introdução de uma estatina de igual ou menor intensidade ou toma em dias alternados), a terapêutica com outros fármacos hipolipemiantes (ezetimiba em monoterapia ou associação com estatina em dose tolerada). A suplementação com coenzima Q10 ou com vitamina D, para melhorar a adesão ao tratamento com estatinas, está desaconselhada.Conclusão: Apesar de apontarmos algumas estratégias de abordagem à intolerância às estatinas, estas baseiam-se maioritariamente em recomendações com evidência fraca a moderada, sendo necessários estudos aleatorizados com maior número de doentes para uma recomendação mais robusta.
Perception and prediction of intention to use online banking systems
Authors: Hossain Sk Alamgir , Bao Yukun , Hasan Najmul , Islam Md Farijul 
Published: January 2020

Online banking has become a vital instrument for delivering quality and easily reached banking services at the lowest possible time with ensuring affordability both for customers and service providers. Although this banking has huge potentials and benefits, the successful adoption of online banking remains a significant challenge in the context of an emerging economy like Bangladesh. The purpose of this empirical study is to investigate the factors influencing the online banking services adoption in Bangladesh by using the extended Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) with government support and risk factors. A questionnaire survey method was used to collect data from 380 banking customers. To analyse the collected survey data and test the set of hypothesis, a structural equation modelling (SEM) method was used with the help of SmartPLS3 package. The results illustrate that perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, attitude towards use, government support positively influence the intention to use as well as the intention to use positively impact on intention to continue to the adoption of online banking services. However, the relationship between risk and intention to use was statistically insignificant. Finally, the findings may assist banking professionals and programmers to develop and design successful policies regarding online banking services to boost this service industry in the future.
RIDER STRATEGY TO IMPROVE STUDENTS’ READING SKILL
Authors: Nadhif Ahmad , Hidayat Wawan 
Published: December 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana strategy RIDER (Read, Image, Describe, Evaluate, & Repeat) diterapkan untuk meningkatkan ketrampilan membaca siswa kelas XI di MA Maarif Balong, Ponorogo. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas dengan dua siklus. Criteria keberhasilan yang ditetapkan adalah bahwa 75% siswa mencapai nilai KKM Mapel Bahasa Inggris, yaitu score 68. Data diambil dengan tes (satu pre-test dan dua post-test di akhir masing-masing siklus) dan observasi kelas selama penerapan strategi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat peningkatan yang signifikan pada prestasi siswa. Sebelum penerapan strategi, hasil pretest menunjukkan hanya ada 14,81% (4 siswa) yang mencapai nilai KKM. Hasil posttest siklus pertama menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 29,62% (8 siswa) yang mencapai KKM. Sementara itu, di posttest siklus kedua, seluruh siswa telah mencapai KKM. Demikian pula, hasil observasi menunjukkan angka partisipasi para siswa dalam proses belajar mengajar mengalami peningkatan. Di siklus pertama, hanya 33,33% yang mengajukan pertanyaan, 37,03% menjawab pertanyaan, dan 100% mencari kosakata baru. Di siklus kedua, angkanya secara berurutan menjadi 51,85%, 62,96%, dan 100%. Dengan demikian, melalui penerapan strategi RIDER, ketrampilan membaca para siswa meningkat dan demikian pula antusiasme mereka dalam belajar. [This research is aimed at finding how RIDER strategy is implemented to improve the students’ reading skill at English class at grade XI of MA Ma’arif Balong, Ponorogo. This study is a two-cycle classroom actioIn research, the success-criteria of which is that 75% of the students reach the KKM of English subject, which is score 68. The data are taken from tests (the pretest and two posttests by the end of each cycle) and classroom observation during the implementation of the RIDER strategy. The result of the tests shows significant improvement of the students’ achievement. In the pretests, which is conducted before the implementation of the strategy, only 14,81% (4 students) reach the KKM; in the posttest in the first cycle, 8 students (29,62%) reach the KKM; and lastly, in the posttest of the second cycle, all students (100%) are successful to achieve the criteria. Regarding the class participation of the students during the implementation of the strategy, the data from the observation shows as follows. In the cycle 1 the student’ activeness in asking question is 33,33%, in answering question 37,03%, in finding new vocabulary 100%. In cycle 2, the students’ activeness improves with the following details: in asking question 51,85%, in answering questions 62,96%, and in finding new vocabulary 100%. Thus, through the implementation of RIDER strategy, the students’ reading skill improves and so does their enthusiasm in learning].