bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hubungan Dinamik Antara Inflasi, Kemeruapan Inflasi dan Pertumbuhan Output: Bukti Empirikal di Malaysia
Authors: Mohd Nor Abu Hassan Shaari , Ling Tan Yan 
Published: August 2020

Tujuan utama makalah ini adalah untuk mengkaji hubungan dinamik antara inflasi, kemeruapan inflasi dan pertumbuhan output bagi tempoh Januari 1980 hingga Disember 2004. Kemeruapan inflasi dianggarkan dengan menggunakan model varians bersyarat ‘exponential generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity’ (EGARCH) dan perubahan indek pengeluaran perindustrian (IPP) digunakan sebagai proksi kepada pertumbuhan output. Teknik autoregresi vector (VAR) digunakan untuk menguji kewujudan hubungan lead-lagged antara ketiga-tiga pemboleh ubah yang dikaji. Keputusan empirikal menunjukkan wujud hubungan penyebab antara kadar inflasi dan kemeruapan inflasi. Secara amnya, kadar inflasi yang tinggi akan meningkatkan kemeruapan inflasi, selaras dengan hipotesis pertama Friedman. Seterusnya kemeruapan inflasi yang tinggi akan mengurangkan kadar inflasi seperti yang dibahaskan oleh Holland. Tambahan pula, inflasi memberi kesan negatif terhadap pertumbuhan output Malaysia. Walau bagaimanapun tiada hubungan yang wujud antara kemeruapan inflasi dan pertumbuhan output. Keputusan daripada analisis luar sampel menggunakan teknik fungsi tindak balas teritlak (GIRF) dan penghuraian varians (VDC) adalah konsisten dengan keputusan daripada analisis VAR.
Sumbangan Perubahan Teknologi Terhadap Pertumbuhan Output Industri Skel Kecil dan Sederhana di Malaysia
Authors: Ismail Rahmah , Jajri Idris 
Published: August 2020

Industri Skel Kecil dan Sederhana (IKS) memainkan peranan yang amat penting terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi Malaysia. Bilangan pertumbuhannya yang banyak merangkumi hampir 90% daripada jumlah pertubuhan sektor pembuatan di Malaysia. Hal ini menjadikan industri ini mempunyai kemampuan yang tinggi dalam menyediakan peluang pekerjaan kepada rakyat. Namun sumbangannya dari segi output tidak setimpal dengan bilangan pertubuhannya dan jauh lebih rendah daripada sumbangan Industri Skel Besar (ISB) yang banyak didominasikan oleh pelabur asing. Jumlah output atau nilai ditambah IKS hanya merangkumi sekitar 30% daripada keseluruhan ouput pembuatan. Keadaan ini ada kaitannya dengan rendahnya kecekapan IKS dalam mengendalikan aktiviti pengeluarannya dan teknologi yang digunakan jauh terkebelakang daripada yang berlaku dalam ISB. Kedua-dua komponen ini menyumbang kepada rendahnya Pertumbuhan Produktiviti Faktor Keseluruhan (TFPG) IKS. Artikel ini akan menganalisis perubahan kecekapan teknikal, perubahan teknologi dan TFPG dalam IKS. Seterusnya artikel ini melihat sejauh mana perubahan teknologi mempengaruhi pertumbuhan output IKS. Bagi mencapai objektif ini data IKS daripada Penyiasatan Industri Pembuatan, Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia bagi tempoh 1985-2003 digunakan. IKS didefinisikan sebagai industri dengan bilangan pekerja sepenuh masa kurang daripada 200 orang. Data ini merangkumi 10 sub industri IKS pada tahap pengkelasan Industri Piawaian Malaysia (MSIC) 3 digit. Analisis kertas ini bermula dengan melihat perubahan kecekapan teknikal, perubahan teknologi dan TFPG yang berlaku dalam IKS dengan menggunakan kaedah Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). Analisis seterusnya ialah menggunakan perubahan teknologi sebagai salah satu pemboleh ubah dalam model pertumbuhan output IKS bersama-sama dengan faktor modal dan buruh untuk melihat sejauh mana perubahan teknologi mempengaruhi pertumbuhan output. Analisis peringkat kedua ini menggunakan kaedah kuasa dua terkecil (OLS).
Dividend Announcements and Contagion Effects: An Investigation on the Firms Listed with Dhaka Stock Exchange
Authors: Misir M. Abu 
Published: August 2020

Changes in dividend convey information about the earnings of the announcing firm which in turn affect the price. Security price depends on current earnings, past earnings, and future prospect of earnings. Dividend relevant theory postulates that dividend policy, dividend initiation and changes in dividend carry information about the market value of the announcing firms. Accordingly, an unexpected increase in dividends conveys positive information about the future profitability of the firm and vice versa. Firm’s management is better informed than the market about the future prospects of their firm and therefore, their action relating to any financing decision conveys information to the investors. The principal purpose of this study was to examine the intra-industry information effects of announcements of dividend initiations of the firms associated with Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE). To test this hypothesis, we used Herfindahl Index and Tobin’s q ratio. The study found that the intra-industry effects of dividend revisions are apparent.
Young Adults’ Susceptibility to Interpersonal Influence: A Case of Apparel Purchases
Authors: Lim Weng Marc , Ting Ding Hooi 
Published: August 2020

Purpose: This paper focuses on consumers’ susceptibility to interpersonal influence of young adults in the clothing apparels’ market in Malaysia. The researchers sought to clarify the relationship between interpersonal influences and young adults’ purchase decision, and the moderating impact of gender towards the relationship. Design/methodology/approach: This study is exploratory in nature and adopts a quantitative approach. Primary data were obtained from young adults in Klang Valley (Malaysia) using mall intercept, by using 300 questionnaires were administrated using a multi-stage probability sampling technique to young adults between 19 to 30 years old. Findings: Findings showed that value expressive, utilitarian, information, and brand consciousness influences were positively related to purchase decision. There are differences between genders toward the strength of interpersonal influence resulting in variation in their purchase decision. Research limitations/implications: Different strategies should be designed to cater to both informational and brand consciousness influences between genders. Originality/value: Marketers will be able to understand the importance of identifying the different susceptibility factors and gender attribute in their attempt to design different marketing strategies to attract customers.
Microfinance and Mechanism Design: The Role of Joint Liability and Cross-Reporting
Authors: Abdul Karim Zulkefly 
Published: August 2020

Since the establishment of Grameen Bank in 1976 by Professor MuhammadYunus1, many economists have studied extensively, either theoretically or empirically, the success of the Grameen Bank in eradicating the poverty problem in Bangladesh. Therefore, this paper aims to apply the mechanism design theory in microfinance by examining the role of joint liability and cross reporting mechanism in the loan contract which is designed by microfinance lender. In doing so, this study simplified the joint liability mechanism proposed by Ghatak (1999, 2000) and cross-reporting mechanism by Rai and Sjostrom (2004). Based on the joint-liability mechanism, it is clearly stated that the microfinance lender can minimise or avoid the adverse selection problem in the credit market through peer selection and peer screening. In the meantime, the joint liability mechanism is better than individual lending in terms of increasing the social welfare among the poor borrower, charging lower interest rates, and generating high repayment rates. In contrast, Rai and Sjostrom (2004) argued that joint liability alone is not enough to efficiently induce borrowers to help each other. Indeed, the cross-reporting mechanism is also important for lenders in order to minimise the problem of asymmetric information in the credit market. The cross-reporting mechanism is also efficient because it can influence the borrower to be truthful-telling about the state of the project and subsequently can minimise the deadweight loss (punishment) among the borrowers. In comparison, without cross reporting, the lending mechanism is inefficient because the borrower will be imposed harsh punishment from the bank and the bank can undertake auditing or verify the state of the project and punish accordingly. Keywords: Microfinance; mechanism design; joint liability; cross-reporting.
Money Impartiality: Panacea for Economic Crisis
Authors: Othman Jamal 
Published: August 2020

This paper overviews the political-economics of FIAT and asset-based money. The paper further highlights the presumably syaria standpoint of the impartial character of money as the fundamental factor that differentiates asset-based money from the FIAT money. It is argued that while it is ideal for asset-based money to make a comeback in the interest of holistic wellbeing (maslahah) of humankind, it is necessary to complement it with an appropriate financial and regulatory system to safeguard its impartiality, i.e. non-tradable, non-interest bearing, and non-debt financing to avoid the recurring pitfalls which are immanent in the conventional financial system. It is hoped this rather concise paper will offer a thought provoking discourse on how syaria principles may present the world a useful ideological construct for a new monetary and financial architecture in light of the global financial crisis. Keywords: Asset-based money; FIAT money; Syaria perspectives of money; money impartiality; money and sustainable development; money and financial crisis.
Global Economic Crisis: Impact on Higher Education in Malaysia
Authors: Hassan Ramli , Alias Mohammad Haji 
Published: August 2020

The global economy is reeling from the effects of financial crisis which led to an economic crisis triggered by the United States sub-prime mortgage crisis which started in late 2007. The sharp inflation in petroleum and food prices in the first half of 2008 also compounded the problem. The National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) had declared that the US economy had been in recession since December 2007. Contraction in the growth rates of major developed economies thereby causing global trade in goods and services to plummet has affected open economies including Malaysia. Last year Malaysian GDP grew by about 4.6% over 2007. An ominous sign that economic growth in 2009 would be low or even negative was the 0.1% growth in GDP in the fourth quarter of 2008 compared to the same quarter in 2007. This was due mainly to a 40% drop in net exports. The slow down in growth has affected all sectors of the economy. Education in general and higher education in particular are not spared. Higher education has to compete for scarce public funds. The main objective of this paper is to understand the impact of the global economic crisis on higher education in Malaysia. A better understanding is imperative in order to prepare for the challenges ahead. The challenges ahead are within the framework of the new economic model being formulated by the government in order to lift Malaysia into a high income country within a decade. A major critical success factor is the implementation of an effective human capital development strategy. Keywords: Economic crisis; higher education; recession.
Acquiring International Knowledge and Experience: Internationalization of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs)
Authors: Chelliah Shankar , Sulaiman Mohamed 
Published: August 2020

Purpose – This paper intends to understand the importance of acquiring international knowledge and experience and its relationship in the internationalization of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in the Malaysian context. Within this scope, this study sets out to further the discussion by comparing the global orientation of SMEs in Malaysia with their different levels of firm size. In a nutshell, the study further understands the moderating effect of firm size between the relationship of international knowledge and experience, and internationalization of SMEs. Design/Methodology/Approach – The study is based on literature review in the areas of SMEs internationalization, international knowledge and experience, and the firm size. The data was collected using a survey instrument among 300 internationalized enterprises located in the northern region of Malaysia. Findings – The results suggest that those firms that acquire international knowledge and experience have no significant relationship with firm internationalization. However, when firm size is used as a moderating factor, acquiring international knowledge and experience shows some importance for internationalization of firms. Interestingly, international knowledge and experience are important for relatively smaller firms. In other words, firm size is significant when relatively smaller SMEs acquire international knowledge and experience. It poses some implications for managers and policy makers. Originality/Value – This study explores the use of the index of internationalization to measure the internationalization of SMEs in Malaysia. Keywords: International knowledge and experience, index of internationalization, firm size.
The Economic Impact of the Economic Transformation Plan (ETP) On Malaysian Economy by the Year 2020: An Input-Output Analysis
Authors: Puasa Ahmad Fauzi , Abdul Rashid Zakariah , Raja Mohamad Raja Zarina 
Published: August 2020

Since independence, Malaysia has gradually built a robust and resilient economy, which has sustained strong economic growth. We have almost eradicated hardcore poverty, and at the same time, have been able to provide the society near universal access to basic health, education, communications and other public services. As a result, the quality of life for the vast majority of Malaysians has improved. However, achieving our bold aspirations of Vision 2020, by the year 2020, will be challenging. Despite the resilient economic condition, Malaysia still belongs to the middle-income group. In order to join the high-income nations, Malaysia needs to transform economically. This government is committed in pursuing this strategy to achieve high-income status. We have embarked on an Economic Transformation Programme (ETP) to propel our economy to 2020. The ETP builds upon the policy directions, strategies and programmes of the 10th Malaysia Plan incorporated in the New Economic Policy. In this ETP strategy programmes have laid out the long-term budget in order to achieve the vision 2020 objectives. Using these figures, this study has forecasted the expected economic impact on Malaysia in the year 2020 using the input-output analysis technique. The results of the study reveal that, by year 2020 Malaysia is expected to produce a total output estimated at RM1,603 billion, increase the total household income to RM 138.365 billion, and create 9.784 million employments for the Malaysian. Keyword: Economic transformation programme, economic impact, inputoutput analysis.
Issues of Commercialization Activities of Biotechnology-Related Researches in Malaysian Research Universities
Authors: Yaacob Noorulsadiqin Azbiya , Mohamed Ismail Risyawati , Mohd Shabli Ahmad Hanis , Md Rasli Amran 
Published: August 2020

This study aims to explore issues of commercialization activities of research results among academic researchers who work in biotechnology-related researches in Malaysian Research Universities. Accordingly, the conceptual framework based on the ‘Innovation Implementation’ model has been assessed for its applicability in describing the phenomenon under study. Through interviews, elements as specified in the ‘Innovation Implementation’ model were found in this case study. Significant patterns and themes were also identified that suggest local industries, funding for research, development and commercialization as well as leadership, political interference, researcher’s attitude, transition management and legal perspectives are considered as the contextual factors that affect the commercialization activities of research results. Finally, the revised framework of commercialization-activities implementation based on the findings from qualitative analysis was recommended. Keywords: Commercialization activities, research results, biotechnology, academic researchers and qualitative analysis.
Harmonizing the Tenth Malaysia Plan Priorities with the New Economic Model and the Green World Order
Authors: Mustafa Saleem , Saad Shahbudin 
Published: August 2020

The New Economic Model (NEM) is a need-based concept intended to integrate innovative ideas in chartering the path of socio-economic development of Malaysia. NEM is timely for building resilience into the economic systems through the participation of all, and for the benefit of all sections of the society. In a high income society, there will have to be value for money and money for value, reduction in subsidies, efficient fiscal management to reduce unnecessary expenditure, management of value-added and market-driven products and services, revamping of the education system, reviewing of R&D priorities, enhancing staff efficiency, less discussion for more action, less paper work for more output, and realistic targets for delivery. The sustainability dimension of NEM should envisage sustainable management of natural resources. This is achievable by aligning our activities with the new concept of ‘Green World Order’ which expands the existing peace and stability mottos of the World Order to include environment and sustainability. Under this concept there is a need for making changes in our activities. For example, short-term economic gains at the expense of long-term benefits that produce footprints of irreversible damage have to be addressed. Our development planning requires resetting in the light of environmental limitations to achieve the goals of NEM. With the valuation of the ecosystem services becoming increasingly important, we should pursue this matter aggressively to seek best deals for the natural resources we are blessed with. We can claim a substantial amount of international climate change mitigation funds because some of our resources (forests, mangroves and coral reefs) are carbon sinks which international agencies are seeking for investment. This not only generates resources for conservation but also brings dividends to the custodians of the carbon sinks. With an effective action plan, Malaysia can take advantage of the growing carbon market and green economy. The main elements of the proposed action plan are discussed in this paper. Keywords: Development plan, green perspectives, economic model.
Predicting Work-Family and Familywork Conflict from Work and Family Domain: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Hassan Zaiton , Hamidi Hana 
Published: August 2020

Although work-family conflict studies are available in Malaysia, most rely on cross-sectional design and focus on women. This study uses the longitudinal design on a heterogeneous sample which is aimed to enhance the understanding of the antecedents of work-family conflict (WFC) and familywork conflict (FWC) from work and family demands and resources. The respondents were 296 employees in diverse industries from six public and private organizations in Kuching, Sarawak. Two surveys were conducted over a three-month interval. Structural Equation Modeling via AMOS 7.0 was used to analyse the data. The study found that the respondents reported higher WFC than FWC. Demands from work predicted WFC positively while resources from work predicted WFC negatively. None of the demands and resources from work and family predicted FWC. The findings implied the importance of organizations in influencing the work-family balance of the employees. Keywords: Work-family conflict (WFC), family-work conflict (FWC), demands, resources.
Genuine Savings for Malaysia: What Does it Tell?
Authors: Othman Jamal , Falatehan Roby , Jafari Yaghoob 
Published: August 2020

Resource and environmental economists have argued that the conventional GDP is not an adequate indicator to reflect if an economy is growing sustainably, as it does not consider the changes in national capital and pollution impacts. The World Bank Genuine Savings indicator, though in the weak sustainability form, provides an alternative measure. This paper calculates the Genuine Savings for Malaysia from 1990–2008. While the results show that the Genuine Savings for Malaysia has been positive, its ratio to GDP declines markedly following the economic crisis of 1997/98. Comparisons with selected countries, especially South Korea and Indonesia are also made. Policy implications are deliberated at the end of the paper. Keywords: Malaysian genuine savings, sustainability path, macroeconomic sustainability measure.
An Empirical Study of Knowledge-Management Contextual Factor in the Emergence of Information Communication Technology in Schools
Authors: Ismail Ramlee , Awang Marinah 
Published: August 2020

Information technology in schools aggressively emerged in the late 1990s to reinvent the teaching and learning process in Malaysia. Schools no longer existed merely for the purposes of traditional teaching and learning but were needed to enhance their knowledge activities so as to be able to cope with the rapid changes that were taking place. The objectives of this study are to determine the contribution of knowledge contextual factors to the knowledge activities, with particular reference to the emergence of information technologies in schools, and to evaluate progress with respect to knowledge activities in school education. The research is designed around questionnaires based on a knowledge-management conceptual framework administered to random samples of teachers in information technologyfacilitated schools and regular schools so as to be able to make comparisons. Interestingly the fi ndings show that the information technology under the “ICT Facilitated school” is not a key factor contributing to knowledge sharing among the teachers. The fi ndings also provide evidence that culture is the most important factor relating to a knowledge activity. Knowledge friendly, motivating staff , committ ed leadership, openness and mutual trust are some examples of positive school culture, whereas management factor remains crucial in facilitating learning and sharing among teachers. Keywords: Knowledge management, school, culture, management, technology.
Organizational Commitment and Intention to Leave Among Nurses: The Mediating Role of Moral Obligation
Authors: Omar Khatijah , Mohamed Anuar Marhana , Abdul Majid Abdul Halim , Johari Husna 
Published: August 2020

In today’s fast-paced economic competition, committ ed and loyal employees are important for the profi t-oriented organizations to gain and sustain their competitiveness. Even for non-profi t-oriented organizations like hospitals and universities, these committ ed and loyal employees will lead to bett er quality service and improved organizational performance. Thus, it is vital for the organizations to sustain employees’ commitment because once the employees’ commitments decrease, it would be diffi cult for organizations to retain their employees. This study investigated the relationship between organizational commitment and intention to leave among nurses in Malaysian public hospitals, and determined the role of moral obligation as a mediator on the relationship between organizational commitment and intention to leave. The study focused on permanent nurses working in public hospitals in Peninsular Malaysia. The results supported that organizational commitment was signifi cantly and negatively related to intention to leave. The macro results also showed that moral obligation was a mediator in the relationships between organizational commitment and the intention to leave. The results were crucial to be looked into so that management and employers could have ample understanding and guidelines if they were to draft retention strategies. Even though many studies had been conducted on the intention to leave, most of them were conducted in developed countries and this study is believed to enhance the literature gap since it has an emphasis in the Malaysian context. Keywords: Intention to leave, organizational commitment, moral obligation.