bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Cognitive Aid for Neonatal Epinephrine Dosing
Authors: Brune Kate D. , Bhatt-Mehta Varsha , Rooney Deborah M. , Adams John T. , Weiner Gary M. 
Published: November 2020

OBJECTIVES:
Errors are common when preparing epinephrine for neonatal resuscitation. Epinephrine is available in two concentrations (1 mg/mL and 1 mg/10 mL) and requires weight-based calculations, which increases the risk of dosing errors. We developed a printed cognitive aid to assist with dose preparation. We hypothesized that the cognitive aid would result in a 25% difference in errors in preparing the dose of epinephrine during simulated neonatal resuscitation.

METHODS:
Nurses (N = 100) in a large academic and community hospital were randomly assigned to calculate the intended dose and prepare epinephrine for neonatal resuscitation with or without the cognitive aid. Scenarios were video recorded and timed. Secondary outcomes included errors in the written intended dose, errors in choosing the correct epinephrine concentration, and time required to prepare the final dose. Proportions were compared by using Fisher’s exact test. Variables influencing dosing errors were investigated by using logistic regression.

RESULTS:
Using the cognitive aid significantly decreased the proportion of doses prepared incorrectly (24% vs 50%; P = .01). The aid also decreased errors in choosing the correct epinephrine concentration (12% vs 44%; P &lt; .001), but there was no difference in the written intended dose or the time to prepare the dose. Years of experience, self-perceived math comfort, and anxiety were not predictive of dosing errors.

CONCLUSIONS:
A simple cognitive aid decreased epinephrine dosing errors during simulated neonatal resuscitation but did not improve efficiency. Despite the effectiveness of the cognitive aid, errors were not completely eliminated. This is a serious safety risk for newborns and requires additional interventions.
Pediatric Inpatient Problem List Review and Accuracy Improvement
Authors: Liao Nancy , Kasick Rena , Allen Karen , Bode Ryan , Macias Charlie , Lee Jennifer , Ramachandran Sandhya , Erdem Guliz 
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
The problem list (PL) is a meaningful use-incentivized criterion for electronic health record documentation. Inconsistent use or inaccuracy of the PL can create communication gaps among providers, potentially leading to diagnostic delays and serious safety events. The objective of the study was to increase the rate of PL review by attending physicians for inpatients discharged from hospital pediatrics and infectious disease services from a baseline of 70% to 80% by June 2018 and to sustain the rate for 6 months. The secondary aim was to improve PL accuracy by decreasing the rate of duplicate codes and red code diagnoses that should resolve before discharge from a baseline of 12% and 11%, respectively, to 5% and sustaining the rate for 6 months.

METHODS:
A quality improvement team used the Institute for Healthcare Improvement Model for Improvement. We tracked duplicate codes and red codes as surrogate markers of PL quality. Rates of PL review and PL quality were analyzed monthly via statistical process control charts (p-charts) with 3-σ control limits to identify special cause variation.

RESULTS:
PL review improved from a baseline of 70% to 90%, and the change was sustained for 1 year. PL quality improved as duplicate codes at the time of discharge decreased from 12% to 6% and as red codes decreased from a baseline of 11% to 6%.

CONCLUSIONS:
The PL is an important communication tool that is underused. By engaging and educating stakeholders, incentivizing compliance, standardizing PL management, leveraging electronic health record enhancements, and providing physician feedback, we improved PL meaningful use and quality.
Caffeine improves the developmental competence of parthenogenetic embryos derived from aging porcine oocytes
Authors: Thuy Van Nguyen Thi , Truong Duy Pham , Thuan Nguyen Van , Thuy Bui Hong 
Published: November 2020

Oocytes are committed to deterioration in quality as they aged due to a long duration manipulation which leads to the reduced success rate of somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). Caffeine with an effect to maintain the maturation-promoting factor (MPF) from the metaphase of oocytes is expected to enhance the quality of the aging oocytes. To investigate the timely treatment of caffeine to rescue aging oocytes, caffeine was supplemented after in vitro maturation (IVM) or during metaphase I – metaphase II (MI – MII) transition. First, the effect of caffeine after IVM of oocytes was examined. After IVM for 42 h, oocytes were left for aging within 6 or 8 hours in supplement with various concentrations of caffeine (0, 5 and 10 mM), and then, examined the quality of embryo from aged oocyte through parthenogenesis activation. We found that 5 mM caffeine for the first 6 hours of aging process was suggested to improve the early development of parthenogenetic diploid embryos. However, the cytoplasmic homogeneity is significantly reduced in aging oocyte compared to fresh oocyte and it could not be improved by caffeine treatment. Next, the effect of caffeine during MI – MII transition of oocyte was examined. Caffeine was supplemented during MI – MII transition (27 – 42 h) of IVM. Then mature oocytes were left for aging within 6 h to examine on aging porcine oocyte quality via parthenogenesis embryos. The results indicated that 5 mM caffeine during MI-MII transition could efficiently rescue aged oocytes and improve the development of embryos derived from aging oocytes to four-cell, eight-cell and blastocyst stage as compared to fresh oocytes. Especially, these aged oocytes treated by caffeine could improve the cytoplasmic homogeneity in embryos and the quality of blastocysts by increasing cell number similar to fresh oocytes.
Physiological and molecular comparative analysis of two contrasting rice varieties under jasmonic acid treatment
Authors: To Huong Thi Mai , T. P. Mai Nga , Anh Ngo Minh , Huyen Nguyen Ngan , Thi Hanh Kieu , Trang Nguyen Thi , Thi Thu Vu Hien , Khanh Tran Dang , Thi Van Le Anh , Hieu Nguyen Trang , Champion Antony 
Published: November 2020

Rice is one of the most important crops but its productivity is severely threatened by both biotic and abiotic stresses. Jasmonic acid and its derivatives (referred to JA) are the lipid-based plant hormones that were commonly known as regulators of plant growth, development and defense responses. In this study, we compare the physiological and molecular responses of two rice accessions, G38 (Nep_nuong) and G11 (Tam-tron) to JA treatment. G38 plants under JA treatment experienced a reduction in shoot length, root weight, shoot weight and total plant weight which suggested its sensitiveness to JA, whereas G11 plants showed a less reduction in these traits. The expression levels of 12 JA-related genes were investigated in order to better understand how the JA biosynthesis and responses differ in these two contrasting rice accessions. A significantly higher expression level of a set of genes related to JA biosynthesis, signaling and response in G11 compare to G38 was observed. Furthermore, the inorganic phosphorus starvation (Pi) response was also examined in the two varieties G11 and G38. In low Pi condition (40 µM), G11 plants showed more roots, longer root length and shoot length, higher weight compared to the G38 plants which suggest that G11 did not suffer much effect of Pi deficiency. This study highlights the differences in JA growth response in 2 contrasting rice genotypes and also suggests the link between JA developmental response and the tolerance to the Pi starvation condition in rice.
Raportowanie zintegrowane w podmiotach leczniczych w świetle teorii interesariuszy
Authors: Jaskólska Apolonia , Auguścik Adriana , Cygańska Małgorzata 
Published: November 2020

Objective: The article identifies the role of integrated reporting in healthcare entities implementing a sustainable development policy in the light of stakeholder theory.Research Design & Methods: The research was based on literature published in Polish as well as English concerning the main stakeholders of healthcare entities – patients, citizens, hospital staff and the government. The use of integrated reporting in selected countries was examined.Findings: The research has shown that reporting determines the relationship between the organisation’s business model, its strategy, and the independent evaluation of results.Implications / Recommendations: Managers at healthcare entities that have better relationships with stakeholders are more aware and involved in reporting results in order to meet their information needs. Integrated reporting is a key information exchange tool, one that is useful for strengthening relationships with stakeholders, so it is imperative to include all stakeholder groups to obtain the best possible results.Contribution: The article outlines the legitimacy of using integrated reporting, treated as an innovative instrument of communication between the business entity and its stakeholders.
Evaluation of Child Refugees’ Reasons for Applying to Hospital: Ankara Experience
Authors: YALAKİ Zahide , TAŞAR Medine , ÜNSAL SAÇ Rukiye , USLU GÖKÇEOĞLU Arife , ŞİMŞEK ORHON Filiz 
Published: November 2020

Aim: The aim of this study was to identify the diagnosis characteristics of the refugees who applied to pediatric emergency and pediatric outpatient policlinics of a major hospital in Ankara.
Materials and Methods: Files of patients admitted to the pediatric emergency and pediatric outpatient polyclinics between January and December of 2017 were analyzed retrospectively.
Results: There were 12,385 refugee applications to the pediatric emergency polyclinic during this period. The number of refugee applications to the outpatient pediatrics polyclinic was 8,341. The distribution of the nationality of the refugee children who applied to the emergency polyclinic was 46.2% Syrian, 50.6% Iraqi, 1.2% Afghan, and 2% from other countries. The distribution of the nationality of the refugee children who applied to the outpatient polyclinic was 51.9% Syrian, 45.9% Iraqi, 0.9% Afghan, and 1.3% from other countries. The most frequent diagnosis of refugee children admitted to the pediatric emergency polyclinic and outpatient polyclinics were upper respiratory tract infections and lower respiratory tract infections. 21.4% of the refugee patients who applied to the emergency polyclinic were admitted to the pediatric clinic or the pediatric intensive care unit. Of these patients, 1.1% were hospitalized for varicella and 0.8% were hospitalized for hepatitis A. Malnutritionwas observed in 6.2%, anemia of iron deficiency was observed in 23.8%, and vitamin B12 deficiency was observed in 9.6% of the patients.
Conclusions: We recommend that every refugee child should be scanned for malnutrition and anemia and nutritional support should be provided to preserve their health.
Legal transplants of Roman–Byzantine law in Ancient Rus in the context of Russian legal doctrine formation
Authors: Tarasevich Ivan A. 
Published: November 2020

The article discusses some aspects of the influence of RomanByzantine law on the legal system of Kievan Rus. Such legal transplants were conducted through the religious sphere of society, namely, through representatives of the clergy and institutions of the Christian church.
The author comes to the conclusion that the legal doctrine of Russia had been Christian-centric since the time of the Kievan Rus. The ancient Slavs were not only ready for the adoption of such a legal paradigm, but even demanded it. In particular, this is indicated by the granting to the church court of several greater powers than in Byzantium.
According to the author, Christian-centricity is a fundamental element of the legal paradigm of modern Russia, which is proven by the peculiarities of constitutional reform in the country.
Goodsall’s rule– its predictive accuracy in tracing the tract of fistula in ano
Authors: S. Devi V. , Thulasibai Sunandha Kumari Lawrence , Paul Deepak , Babu Anu V. , . Jayasankar , Kumari Beena 
Published: November 2020

Background: Despite being one of the oldest reported medical conditions, the management and treatment of fistula in ano are still in the evolving phase. The management of fistula-in-ano requires confirmation of the diagnosis, identifying the fistulous tract and inner opening. In majority of patients a single primary fistula tract exists and the anatomy can be determined by examination under anaesthesia adhering to the principles described by Goodsall. A thorough clinical examination of the patient is essential in the assessment of fistula-in-ano, sometimes helped by imaging such as magnetic resonance imaging and endoanal ultrasonography. Although Goodsall’s rule was accepted in the past, as a method to determine the course of the fistula, recent studies showed poor conflicting results. Thus, this study attempts to scrutinize the predictive accuracy of Goodsall’s rule. Methods: After approval from ethical committee and obtaining informed consent from each patient, prospective analysis of 188 patients who has fistula-in-ano were included in the study. They were grouped according to Goodsall’s rule and its predictive accuracy was checked with intraoperative findings. Data was entered in excel sheet and analysed by SPSS version 20.0. For all statistical interpretations, p<0.05 was considered the threshold for statistical significance.Results: Predictive accuracy of Goodsall’s rule found to be 84.6% in case of fistula with an anterior external opening. While in case of fistula with posterior external opening this found to be 69.1%. Overall predictive accuracy of Goodsall’s rule is 77%. Conclusions: Goodsall’s rule can be used as guide in predicting the tract.
Penapisan Bakteri Penghambat Fusarium yang Diisolasi dari Cairan Kantung Semar (Nepenthes sp.)
Authors: Meliah Siti , Hardiyanti Annisa Wahyu , Haida Ni’ma , Putri Gita Azizah , Ainy Erny Qurotul 
Published: November 2020

The genus Fusarium sp. is a pathogenic fungal for many cultivated plants. The bacteria isolated from monkey cup (Nepenthes sp.) fluid possess the ability to produce hydrolytic enzyme, such as chitinase which can be utilized to inhibit the growth of mycelia of pathogenic fungi. The aims of this study are to isolate bacteria from monkey cup liquid, to test their abilities to produce protease, chitinase, and cellulase, as well as their abilities to inhibit Fusarium. The bacteria were isolated using serial dilution method on Reasoner’s 2A agar medium. Enzymatic activities of bacterial isolates were determined by inoculating them on tested medium supplemented with casein protein, chitin, and cellulose, whereas their antifungal activities were assayed using a direct confrontation method between tested bacterial isolates and pathogenic fungal on Malt Extract Agar medium. Molecular identification of bacteria with antifungal activity was performed by analyzing the 16S rRNA gene sequences. Isolation process of bacteria from monkey cup fluid resulted in 99 bacterial isolates with the ability to produce either protease, chitinase, and/or cellulose enzymes. A total of 37 bacterial isolates were capable of producing at least two hydrolytic enzymes. Antifungal assay of those bacteria showed that as many as 25 isolates have the ability to inhibit the growth of Fusarium sp. Based on the analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that those isolates were closely related to three Burkholderia species, namely B. arboris, B. contaminans, and B. rijonensis.
Keywords: antifungal, Burkholderia, chitinase, cellulaseN, epenthes, protease
Synergistic Effects of Silver Nanoparticles with Ethanolic Extract of Eucalyptus globules on Standard Pathogenic Bacteria in Vitro
Authors: Jafari Sales Abolfazl , Shariat Afsoon 
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Nowadays, with the increase of resistance due to overuse of synthetic chemical antibiotics, it seems necessary to find alternative drugs. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of silver nanoparticles and Eucalyptus globules (eucalyptus) ethanolic extract on standard bacteria of Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli.
Material and Methods: In this experimental study, aerial parts of Eucalyptus plant were collected from Marand city and identified as Eucalyptus plant by botanists of Islamic Azad University, Ahar Branch. In this study, eucalyptus ethanolic extract was prepared by Soxhlet method and the antibacterial effects of eucalyptus extract at concentrations of 20, 30, 50 and 400 mg / ml and silver nanoparticles at concentrations of 10, 20, 40 and 80 μg / ml with agar well diffusion methods and tubular dilution were investigated.
Results: The results showed that the ethanolic extract of Eucalyptus had more antibacterial properties compared to silver nanoparticles. Eucalyptus extract and silver nanoparticles had a greater effect on gram-positive bacteria. The effect of the combination of eucalyptus extract and silver nanoparticles was much greater than the effect of either.
Conclusion: The results showed that silver nanoparticles in combination with eucalyptus extract have good antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria. Therefore, this extract along with silver nanoparticles can be a good option for future studies in vivo to prepare antibacterial drugs.
Implementation of distance learning during the covid-19 pandemic in faculty of education and teacher training
Authors: Sutiah Sutiah , Slamet Slamet , Shafqat Asmara , Supriyono Supriyono 
Published: November 2020

During the prevention of the spread of the virus the COVID-19 pandemic, change took place suddenly of learning. Distance learning is a good substitute when physical or face-to-face programmes or courses are no longer feasible. The purpose of this study was to reveal the implementation of distance learning which was carried out suddenly as a result of Covid-19 which was assessed by the learning process, learning facilities and infrastructure, as well as the psychological aspects of FKIP students towards distance learning. Data were collected through a survey using the google form application and respondents were N = 750. Data analysis used a descriptive statistical approach. The instrument is a questionnaire electronic, anonymous, and self-administered using three to five answer options. the results of the research students prefer face-to-face learning rather than distance learning. Students find it difficult during distance learning and worry about achieving learning outcomes. In conclusion, distance learning is a worthy substitute when classroom education is deferred during the COVID-19 pandemic period. It is also significant to recognize that, distance learning cannot substitute the requirement for on-site or on campus and face-to-face learning, but can supplement existing general classroom-based learning models. Distance learning has an impact on changes in individual learning readiness and the preparation of institutional facilities to blanded learning

Keywords: COVID-19; distance learning; implementation; and impact.
Does work commitment and job satisfaction matter to junior high school teachers in the Philippines?
Authors: Caleja Heidi Belle Francisco , Averion Rebecca Fullero 
Published: November 2020

This study finds out the relationship between work performance and job satisfaction among teachers of junior high schools in Philippines. They were well aware of the facts of their job satisfaction, e.g., school policies, supervision methods, pay and other benefits, relationships between faculty and students, further growth and promotions, workplace conditions, achievement and recognition, and responsibility and accountability. It was concluded that teachers’ job satisfaction could produce an effectiveness and sustainability in educational institutions. Using a descriptive method, a non-probability convenience sampling was employed for 70 public school teachers. Two existing validated questionnaires were used: the Three-Component Model Employee Commitment Survey, to surface the level of work commitment of teachers in an organisation; and Job Satisfaction Survey, to evaluate the teachers’ overall job satisfaction. Findings show a significant relationship between work commitment and job satisfaction, specifically in terms of position and educational level. In addition, teachers are satisfied with the people within the organisation; however, it also shows that teachers are not satisfied with too much paper work. It is recommended that teachers should consider the teaching job as a profession and as a vocation.

Keywords: High schools in Philippines, job satisfaction, descriptive method, work commitment.
Evolution of pathogen response genes associated with increased disease susceptibility during adaptation to an extreme drought in a Brassica rapa plant population
Authors: O'Hara Niamh Breda , Franks Steven J , Kane Nolan C , Tittes Silas , Rest Joshua S 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Pathogens are key components in natural and agricultural plant systems. There is evidence of evolutionary changes in disease susceptibility as a consequence of climate change, but we know little about the underlying genetic basis of this evolution. To address this, we took advantage of a historical seed collection of a Brassica rapa population, which we previously demonstrated evolved an increase in disease susceptibility to a necrotrophic fungal pathogen following a drought.RESULTS: Previously, we combined a resurrection experiment with genome-wide sequencing of 124 pooled ancestral and descendant plants. Here, using these previously generated sequence data (Franks et al, 2016), we show that well-characterized necrotrophic fungal pathogen response (NFPR) genes have evolved, as indicated by changes in allele frequency, between ancestors and descendants, with several of them identified as extreme FST outliers. The jasmonic acid (JA) signaling pathway in particular seems to underlie the evolution of disease susceptibility, in addition to its well characterized role in plastic disease response. We identify a list of 260 genes that are both NFPR genes and are differentially expressed in response to drought, based on publicly available data. We present evidence that five of these genes evolved between ancestors and descendants, suggesting that the drought acted as the evolutionary driver, and that the accompanying increase in disease susceptibility may have been a consequence of genetic pleiotropy.CONCLUSIONS: Our study provides evidence that for this population, standing variation in NFPR genes is affected by natural selection related to climate change. Our results reveal potentially important candidates that may underlie trait evolution in both crops and natural systems. Additionally, this trade-off between adaptation to biotic and abiotic stresses is an example of how climate change can have diverse and unexpected consequences.