bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Building trust in SWAT model scenarios through a multi-institutional approach in Uruguay
Authors: Mer Flora , Vervoort Rutger Willem , Baethgen Walter 
Published: December 2020

The inherent complexity of numerical models and the diversity of stakeholders in integrated water resources management (IWRM) create challenges in achieving credibility, salience and legitimacy to develop trust in model-based scenarios. In Uruguay, there has been significant debate on increasing agricultural production while managing agriculture’s environmental impacts (e.g., on water quality and environmental flows). This paper reports on the evolution of a stakeholder process in a case study with a multi-institutional participatory modelling group, supported by researchers. This specific participatory modelling (PM) project is unique in that the active stakeholders are the actual hydrological modellers, and the role of “experts” is mainly in facilitation and capacity building. The results highlight the different bottlenecks and the factors that enabled effective collaboration in this PM project. The main bottlenecks were related to: different views on representation of the watershed, the quality and usability of different input data, the public information for the technical implementation of the model, and the priority of output scenarios. The factors that enhanced collaboration were: a focus on a single basin problem, strong support from upper management, and support from experts in coordination and capacity building. The detailed documentation provided with this project can inspire similar approaches in the future.
Zjawisko „makdonaldyzacji” kultury w orzecznictwie Trybunału Sprawiedliwości Unii Europejskiej
Authors: Kosińska Anna Magdalena , Beer Michał 
Published: December 2020

Artykuł analizuje orzecznictwo Trybunału Sprawiedliwości Unii Europejskiej dotyczące szeroko rozumianych ikon popkultury. Takie sprawy pojawiają się od kilku lat na wokandzie TSUE i dotyczą m.in. takich produktów, jak Coca-Cola, LEGO czy kostka Rubika. Artykuł stawia sobie za cel odpowiedź na pytanie, czy popkultura ze względu na swoją efemeryczność zasługuje na ochronę prawną i czy owa ochrona jest realna. Prezentowane orzeczenia są analizowane w świetle prawa Unii Europejskiej na szerokim tle wszechobecnej kultury masowej.
Revisión de métodos para la clasificación de fallas superficiales en pavimentos flexibles
Authors: Ríos Cotazo Norma Ximena , Bacca Cortés Bladimir , Caicedo Bravo Eduardo , Orobio Quiñónez Armando 
Published: December 2020

El estado de la infraestructura vial impacta el entorno social, económico y político de una nación. La evaluación de la condición superficial del pavimento es esencial para planificar intervenciones oportunas y eficaces. Las acciones oportunas evitan sobrecostos de operación, impiden el deterioro no controlado y disminuyen los inconvenientes operacionales y de seguridad. El problema expuesto plantea la inquietud de estudiar alternativas para evaluar el estado del pavimento, por lo cual un gran número de investigaciones sobre detección automática de fallas superficiales en pavimentos flexibles a través de técnicas de procesamiento de imágenes han sido desarrolladas. El objetivo de este artículo es revisar y analizar estos aportes. Sobre la base de la revisión, se concluyó que el rendimiento de este tipo de sistemas está determinado por dos factores: la recopilación de los datos y su procesamiento. El análisis presentado se despliega en función de estos factores. Se considera oportuno el desarrollo de sistemas que aprovechen las cualidades de diferentes sensores en la adquisición de datos y que integren la detección y clasificación de variedad de fallas incluyendo datos de severidad.
A POLIFONIA COMO ESTRATÉGIA ARGUMENTATIVA NAS REDAÇÕES DO ENEM
Authors: Alves Eligiane Manoel , Dias Almerinda Tereza Bianca Bez Batti 
Published: December 2020

Com base nos estudos da Semântica Argumentativa, a pesquisa estudou o fenômeno polifônico pela perspectiva de Ducrot. O objetivo da pesquisa foi analisar a presença da polifonia na perspectiva de Ducrot, por meio das marcas linguísticas, usadas como recurso argumentativo. O corpus foi composto das dez redações do Enem, edição 2015, cujo assunto foi “A persistência da violência contra a mulher na sociedade brasileira”, as quais tiveram sua divulgação no portal de notícia G1 por atingirem a nota máxima. Tratou-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa descritiva. Após a numeração das redações foram identificadas as temáticas desenvolvidas por cada candidato, seguida da identificação das marcas linguísticas que indicassem possíveis vozes. Como resultados verificamos que a polifonia se apresenta como recurso argumentativo nas redações estudadas. Acerca dos enunciadores o E1 foi o mais recorrente durante as análises, tanto na frequência dos enunciadores por redações, como na análise de frequência dos enunciadores e por parte constituinte do texto. O E1 teve a sua identificação por meio da característica da voz do conhecimento compartilhado.
A produção científica sobre a comunicação na revista brasileira Interface
Authors: Cyrino Antonio Pithon , Langbecker Andrea , Petracci Monica , Cardoso Janine Miranda , Teixeira Ricardo Rodrigues 
Published: December 2020

Introdução: Considerando a importância de Interface entre as revistas de Saúde Coletiva e enquanto espaço de produção de saberes e práticas nesse campo na América Latina, este trabalho teve como objetivo mapear a produção científica que investigou a comunicação, em suas diversas dimensões, durante os 20 anos desse periódico (de 1997 a 2017). Metodologia: Trata-se de estudo descritivo dos aspectos quantitativos e qualitativos da produção sobre comunicação mediante análise de conteúdo. Resultados: Nesse período, a revista publicou 1.343 manuscritos. Desse total, 154 manuscritos tiveram a comunicação como um dos seus objetos, o que representou 11,47% do total de artigos. Predominaram os estudos empíricos (52,60%), seguidos dos teóricos (25,97%). Os campos temáticos identificados foram: Mídias (26,62%); Saúde Coletiva (26,62%); Formação profissional (16,88%); Relacionamento profissional, paciente, família e serviço (14,29%); Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (9,09%); e Comunicação e Sociedade (1,30%). Conclusão: Essa diversidade temática demonstra a riqueza e heterogeneidade do campo Comunicação e Saúde. Entretanto, o baixo número de publicações relacionadas à comunicação evidencia a escassez da produção científica sobre esse objeto no campo da Saúde Coletiva.
Web-scale Discovery Service Adoption in Canadian Academic Libraries
Authors: Wong Sandra 
Published: December 2020

This study presents an overview of web-scale discovery service adoption in Canadian academic libraries. Web-scale discovery services (WSDS) have been widely embraced in Canadian academic libraries. EBSCO Discovery Service (EDS) is the most adopted system for colleges and institutes while Primo Central from Ex Libris dominates the university market for web-scale discovery services. Bundling web-scale discovery services with library services platform (LSP) implementations are increasing in Canada. This study shows that Canadian academic libraries that have migrated from a traditional integrated library system (ILS) to an LSP have also opted for their LSP vendor’s corresponding web-scale discovery service. As more Canadian academic libraries implement an LSP bundled with a web-scale discovery service, there may come a time when web-scale discovery services are no longer separated from discussions on LSPs. The choices available for LSP and web-scale discovery services are shrinking due to vendor mergers and acquisitions in this area.
Pexophagy Protects Plants from Reactive Oxygen Species-induced Damage under High-intensity Light
Authors: oikawa Kazusato , Goto-Yamada Shino , Hayashi Yasuko , Takahashi Daisuke , Kimori Yoshitaka , Shibata Michitaro , Yoshimoto Kohki , Takemiya Atsushi , Kondo Maki , Kato Akira , Shimoda Keisuke , Ueda Haruko , Uemura Matsuo , Numata Keiji , Ohsumi Yoshinori , Hara-Nishimura Ikuko , Mano Shoji , Yamada Kenji , Nishimura Mikio 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Light is essential for photosynthesis, but it has the potential to elevate intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during photosynthesis. Photorespiration is a metabolic pathway in photosynthesis to metabolise oxidised by products from chloroplasts, and it generates a high level of ROS in peroxisomes. Since high levels of ROS are toxic, plants must manage damage from ROS. However, the cellular mechanism to elude leaf damage from ROS in peroxisomes is not fully explored. Here we show that autophagy plays a pivotal role in the selective removal of ROS-generating peroxisomes, which protects plants from oxidative damage during photosynthesis. We found that a series of peup mutants, which is a defect in autophagy degradation of peroxisomes, showed light-intensity-dependent leaf damage and excess aggregation of ROS-accumulating peroxisomes. The peroxisome aggregates were specifically engulfed by pre-autophagosomal structures and vacuolar membranes, but they were not degraded in the mutants. ATG18a-GFP and GFP-2 × FYVE, which both bind to phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate, preferentially targeted the peroxisomal membranes and pre-autophagosomal structures near peroxisomes in ROS-accumulated cells under high-intensity light conditions. Our findings provide new information to better understand the plant stress response caused by light irradiation.
Molecular profile of KRAS G12C-mutant colorectal and non-small-cell lung cancer
Authors: Araujo Luiz H. , Souza Bianca , Leite Laura , Parma Sabrina , Lopes Natália , Malta Frederico , Freire Maíra 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: KRAS is the most frequently mutated oncogene in cancer, however efforts to develop targeted therapies have been largely unsuccessful. Recently, two small-molecule inhibitors, AMG 510 and MRTX849, have shown promising activity in KRAS G12C-mutant solid tumors. The current study aims to assess the molecular profile of KRAS G12C in colorectal (CRC) and non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tested in a clinical certified laboratory.Methods: CRC and NSCLC samples submitted for KRAS testing between 2017 and 2019 were reviewed. CRC samples were tested for KRAS and NRAS by pyrosequencing, while NSCLC samples were submitted to next generation sequencing of KRAS, NRAS, EGFR, and BRAF. Results: The dataset comprised 4,897 CRC and 4,686 NSCLC samples. Among CRC samples, KRAS was mutated in 2,354 (48.1%). Most frequent codon 12 mutations were G12D in 731 samples (15.2%) and G12V in 462 (9.6%), followed by G12C in 167 (3.4%). KRAS mutations were more frequent in females than males (p=0.003), however this difference was exclusive of non-G12C mutants (p<0.001). KRAS mutation frequency was lower in the South and North regions (p=0.003), but again KRAS G12C did not differ significantly (p=0.80). In NSCLC, KRAS mutations were found in 1,004 samples (21.4%). As opposed to CRC samples, G12C was the most common mutation in KRAS, in 346 cases (7.4%). The frequency of KRAS G12C was higher in the South and Southeast regions (p=0.012), and lower in patients younger than 50 years (p<0.001). KRAS G12C mutations were largely mutually exclusive with other driver mutations; only 11 NSCLC (3.2%) and 3 CRC (1.8%) cases had relevant co-mutations. Conclusions: KRAS G12C presents in frequencies higher than several other driver mutations, represent a large volume of patients in absolute numbers. KRAS testing should be considered in all CRC and NSCLC patients, independently of clinical or demographic characteristics.
Operationalization of “urethral calibration protocol” to develop skills among caregivers and nursing personnel dealing with children undergoing urethroplasty
Authors: Lohchab Sweety , Kaur Rupinder , Kaur Sukhwinder , Mahajan J.K. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Hypospadias is considered as second most common birth defect in children with 1 in every 250 male births worldwide and 1 in every 150 boys in India. Urethroplasty is only mode of hypospadias repair which is associated with wide range of complications like urethrocutaneous fistula, meatal stenosis, narrow urethra. Rising incidence of these complications demands judicious postoperative care and urethral calibration. Objective: To develop and operationalize protocol on urethral calibration for children undergone urethroplasty among caregivers and nursing personnel. Method: An operational study was conducted on caregivers and nursing personnel at pediatric surgery OPD. Total of 40 study subjects i.e. 32 caregivers and 8 nursing personnel included by total enumeration sampling. Study was conducted in three phases. In 1st phase, current practices of urethral calibration were assessed.10 observations were taken to identify lacunae regarding procedure. Protocol on urethral calibration was developed by extensive literature review, expert opinions using Delphi technique. In 2nd phase, training sessions were conducted using lecture cum discussion, demonstration and return demonstrations, booklets and posters. In 3rd phase, assessment of effectiveness of urethral calibration was done by evaluating occurrence of complications related to urethroplasty. Results: Significant (p < 0.001) increase in mean performance score of urethral calibration of caregivers and nursing personnel was achieved up to 22.75 ±1.10 and 23.50 ± 0.92 after four and three subsequent return demonstrations respectively. Conclusion: Protocol on urethral calibration is effective in developing skills among caregivers and nursing personnel related to procedure and improving surgical outcome of urethroplasty among children.
Enhancing the Catalysis of Oxygen Reduction Reaction via Tuning Interfacial Hydrogen Bonds
Authors: Wang Tao , Zhang Yirui , Huang Botao , Cai Bin , Rao Reshma , Giordano Livia , Sun Shi-Gang , Shao-Horn Yang 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Proton activity at the electrified interface is central to the kinetics of proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) reactions for making chemicals and fuels. Here we employed a library of protic ionic liquids in an interfacial layer on Pt and Au to alter local proton activity, where the intrinsic ORR activity was enhanced up to 5 times, exhibiting a volcano-shaped dependence on the pKa of the ionic liquid. The enhanced ORR activity was attributed to favorable proton transfer kinetics for strengthened hydrogen bonds between the ionic liquid to the ORR product with comparable pKa. This proposed mechanism was supported by in situ surface-enhanced Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and our simulation of PCET kinetics based on computed proton vibrational wavefunction at the H-bond interface. These findings highlight opportunities in using non-covalent interactions of hydrogen bond structures and solvation environments at the electrified interface to tune the kinetics of ORR and beyond.
Normal &amp; Reversed Spin Mobility in a Diradical By Electron-Vibration Coupling
Authors: Shen Yi , Xue Guodong , Dai Yasi , Quintero Sergio Moles , Chen Hanjiao , Wang Dongsheng , Miao Fang , Negri Fabrizia , Zheng Yonghao , Cordon Juan Casado 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
New insights on the mechanisms of spin relaxation and spin mobility in connection with the structural flexibility of π-conjugated radicals are fundamental solid-state issues in organic spintronics. Here, we describe a new azobenzene-based organic diradical with a dumbbell shape in the crystal and correlate its solid-state flexibility and its spin diradical structure. X-ray temperature-dependent studies were carried out showing two main effects on heating: i) modulation of the spin distribution and of the low-to-high spin magnetic transitions; and ii) “normal” quinoidal→aromatic transformation at low temperatures driven by the intramolecular rotational motions/mobility of the azobenzene core, and a “reversed” aromatic→quinoidal change at high temperatures activated by a bicycle pedal motion in the azobenzene unit amplified by anisotropic intermolecular interactions. Sequential versus simultaneous thermal excitation of the vibrational states associated to these motions reveal a unique and unprecedented spin-vibration mechanism.
Differentiation of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells into Parathyroid Hormone-Secreting Cells
Authors: Kim Eun Heui , Kim Sang Soo , Kim Ju In , Cheon Ji Min , Kim Joo Hyoung , Lee Jin Chun , Choi Kyung Un , Kim In Joo , Wang Soo Gun 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
IntroductionComplications arising from neck surgery are the most common causes of acquired hypoparathyroidism. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) regulates serum calcium and vitamin D levels. The current treatments for hypoparathyroidism, including PTH supplements and high doses of calcium and vitamin D, are a life-long burden and may cause side effects. Recent studies have shown that parathyroid gland differentiation occurs from embryonic stem cells, thymic epithelial cells, and tonsil-derived stem cells. Because adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) do not face ethical concerns raised for studies with human embryonic stem cells, in the present study, we attempted to induce differentiation of ADSCs into parathyroid cells.MethodsADSCs were isolated from abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissues obtained by plastic surgery from three male donors (mean age, 40 years). For differentiation into parathyroid-like cells, ADSCs were incubated in minimum essential medium-alpha supplemented with activin A and soluble Sonic hedgehog for 7–21 d. The parathyroid differentiation markers PTH, glial cells missing homolog 2 (GCM2), and chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 21 (CCL21) were detected using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction to confirm differentiation.ResultsThe ADSCs exhibited flat and vacuolated morphology, which changed into secretory parathyroid gland–like nodules on day 21 after differentiation. The mRNA expression of PTH, GCM2, and CCL21 increased in the differentiated cells. Furthermore, a significant amount of PTH protein was detected in differentiated cells on day 7 post-differentiation.ConclusionHuman ADSCs isolated from adipose tissues successfully differentiated into PTH-secreting cells. ADSC-secreted PTH may be a promising therapeutic for hypoparathyroidism patients.
Modelling of the Hungarian spread of COVID-19 and control strategies with risk-based approach
Authors: Farkas Zsuzsa , Engelhardt Tekla , Országh Erika , Süth Miklós , Csorba Szilveszter , Jóźwiak Ákos 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background

Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19), caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), threatens humanity in terms of health and economy as it spreads extremely fast and causes massive epidemics all over the world. In the absence of a vaccine, social isolation and hygienic measures are the only way to curb the virus.
Methods

In our study, the Hungarian spread of COVID-19 is modelled by applying a modified SEIR (Susceptible, Exposed, Infected, Recovered) compartment model, which takes into account the route of disease transmission not only from infected, but from latent individuals (exposed compartment) as well. The differences between the modified model and the traditional SEIR model has been evaluated. The different scenarios of disease spreading simulate the effect of the different level of interventions (social distancing and hygienic measures) taken place in Hungary. The modelling also considers the population and mobility data which are also essential in case of infectious disease spreading. For controlling the disease in the long-term a network-based analysis is provided based on the concept of the epidemic threshold and the identification of super-spreader population groups.
Results

According to sensitivity analysis of the modified SEIR model, disease transmission of latent individuals has the greatest effect on the number of infections. Based on the results, the applied interventions have a great impact on the disease spreading and are effective in controlling the COVID-19 epidemic., a network-based analysis is provided based on the concept of the epidemic threshold and the identification of super-spreader population groups. According to the results of the network-based study, the proportion of people to be sampled for an effective disease control is the function of the identified people with high number of contacts in social networks who act as super-spreaders.
Conclusion

Applying network-based random, selective and targeted sampling, testing and isolation of affected individuals would yield significantly different sample sizes, highlighting the importance of super-spreaders. Network analysis (but also all computational science methods) need large amount of good quality data and the spread of these methods could be supported by easy-to-use tools. We wanted to raise awareness also on this issue.
Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid characteristics and outcomes of invasively mechanically ventilated patients with COVID-19 pneumonia in Genoa, Italy.
Authors: Dentone Chiara , Vena Antonio , Loconte Maurizio , Grillo Federica , Brunetti Iole , Barisione Emanuela , Tedone Elisabetta , Mora Sara , Biagio Antonio Di , Orsi Andrea , De Maria Andrea , Nicolini Laura , Ball Lorenzo , Giacobbe Daniele , Magnasco Laura , Delfino Emanuele , Mastracci Luca , Mangerini Rosa , Taramasso Lucia , Sepulcri Chiara , Pincino Rachele , Bavastro Martina , Cerchiaro Matteo , Malgorzata Malgorzata , Bruzzone Bianca , Icardi Giancarlo , Frisoni Paolo , Gratarola Angelo , Patroniti Niccolò , Pelosi Paolo , Bassetti Matteo 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
To describe the cellular characteristics of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of critically ill COVID-19 patients requiring invasive mechanical ventilation; the secondary outcome is to describe BALF findings between survivors vs non-survivors.
Materials and Methods
Patients positive for SARS-CoV-2 RT PCR, admitted to ICU between March and April 2020 were enrolled. At ICU admission, BALF were analyzed by flow cytometry. Univariate, multivariate and Spearman correlation analyses were performed.
Results
Sixty-four patients were enrolled, median age of 64 years (IQR 58–69). The majority cells in the BALF were neutrophils (70%, IQR 37.5–90.5) and macrophages (27%, IQR 7–49) while a minority were lymphocytes, 1%, TCD3 + 92% (IQR 82–95). The ICU mortality was 32.8%. Non-survivors had a significantly older age (p = 0.033) and peripheral lymphocytes (p = 0.012) were lower compared to the survivors. At multivariate analysis the percentage of macrophages in the BALF correlated with poor outcome (OR 1.336, CI95% 1.014–1.759, p = 0.039).
Conclusions
In critically ill patients, BALF cellularity is mainly composed of neutrophils and macrophages. The macrophages percentage in the BALF at ICU admittance correlated with higher ICU mortality. The lack of lymphocytes in BALF could partly explain a reduced anti-viral response.