bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Population structure of Salmonella enterica serotype Mbandaka reveals similar virulence potential irrespective of source and phylogenomic stratification
Authors: Antony Linto , Fenske Gavin , Kaushik Radhey S , Nagaraja Tiruvoor G , Thomas Milton , Scaria Joy 
Published: September 2020

Background:Salmonella entericaserotype Mbandaka (Salmonellaser. Mbandaka) is a multi-host adapted Non-typhoidalSalmonella(NTS) that can cause foodborne illnesses in human. Outbreaks ofSalmonellaser. Mbandaka contributed to the economic stress caused by NTS due to hospitalizations. Whole genome sequencing (WGS)-based phylogenomic analysis facilitates better understanding of the genomic features that may expedite the foodborne spread ofSalmonellaser. Mbandaka.Methods: In the present study, we define the population structure, antimicrobial resistance (AMR), and virulence profile ofSalmonellaser. Mbandaka using WGS data of more than 400 isolates collected from different parts of the world. We validated the genotypic prediction of AMR and virulence phenotypically using an available set of representative isolates.Results: Phylogenetic analysis ofSalmonellaser. Mbandaka using Bayesian approaches revealed clustering of the population into two major groups; however, clustering of these groups and their subgroups showed no pattern based on the host or geographical origin. Instead, we found a uniform virulence gene repertoire in all isolates. Phenotypic analysis on a representative set of isolates showed a similar trend in cell invasion behavior and adaptation to a low pH environment. Both genotypic and phenotypic analysis revealed the carriage of multidrug resistance (MDR) genes inSalmonellaser. Mbandaka.Conclusions: Overall, our results show that the presence of multidrug resistance along with adaptation to broad range of hosts and uniformity in the virulence potential, isolates ofSalmonellaser. Mbandaka from any source could have the potential to cause foodborne outbreaks as well as AMR dissemination.
Developing composite indices of geographical access and need for nursing home care in Ireland using multiple criteria decision analysis
Authors: Reddy Brian P. , O'Neill Stephen , O'Neill Ciaran 
Published: September 2020

Background: Spatial accessibility has consistently been shown to influence utilisation of care and health outcomes, compared against local population needs. We sought to identify how appropriately nursing homes (NHs) are distributed in Ireland, as its NH market lacks central planning. Methods: We used multiple criteria decision analysis (MCDA) approaches to develop composite indices of both access (incorporating measures of availability, choice, quality and affordability) and local NH need for over 65s (relating to the proportion living alone, with cognitive disabilities or with low self-rated health, estimated scores for activities of daily living and instrumental activities of daily living, the average number of disabilities per person and the average age of this group). Data for need were derived from census data. Results were mapped to better understand underlying geographical patterns. Results: By comparing local accessibility and need, underserved areas could be identified, which were clustered particularly in the country’s northwest. Suburbs, particularly around Dublin, were by this measure relatively overserved. Conclusions: We have developed multi-dimensional indices of both accessibility to, and need for, nursing home care. This was carried out by combining granular, open data sources and elicited expert/stakeholder opinion from practitioners. Mapping these data helped to highlight clear evidence of inequitable variation in nursing home distribution.
Does recall time matter in verbal autopsies? Evidence from urban informal settlements in Nairobi, Kenya
Authors: Mategula Donnie , Gichuki Judy 
Published: September 2020

Background: To assign a cause of death to non-medically certified deaths, verbal autopsies (VAs) are widely used to determine the cause of death. The time difference between the death and the VA interview, also referred to as recall time, varies depending on social and operational factors surrounding the death. We investigated the effect of recall time on the assignment of causes of death by VA. Methods: This is a secondary analysis of 2002-2015 survey data of the Nairobi Urban Health Demographic Surveillance System (NUHDSS). The independent variable recall time was derived from the date of death and the date when the VA was conducted. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression methods were used to calculate odds ratios of assigning a cause of death in defined categories of recall time. Results: There were 6218 deaths followed up between 2002 and 2016, out of which 5495 (88.3%) had VAs done. Recall time varied from 1-3001 days (mean 115.5 days, sd216.8). Majority of the VAs (45.7%) were conducted between 1-3 months after death. The effect of recall time varied for different diseases. Compared to VAs conducted between 1-3 months, there was a 24% higher likelihood of identifying HIV/AIDS as the cause of death for VAs conducted 4-6 months after death (AOR 1.24; 95% CI 1.01-1.54; p-value = 0.043) and a 40% increased chance of identifying other infectious diseases as the cause of death for VAs conducted <1 month after death (AOR 1.4; 95% CI 1.02-1.92, p-value = 0.024). Conclusions: Recall time affected the assignment of VA cause of death for HIV/AIDS, other infectious diseases and maternal/neonatal causes. Our analysis indicates that in the urban informal setting, VAs should be conducted from one month up to 6 months after the death to improve the probability of accurately assigning the cause of death.
A Text-Based Analysis of Corporate Innovation
Authors: Bellstam Gustaf , Bhagat Sanjai , Cookson J. Anthony 
Published: September 2020

We develop a new measure of innovation using the text of analyst reports of S&P 500 firms. Our text-based measure gives a useful description of innovation by firms with and without patenting and R&D (research and development). For nonpatenting firms, the measure identifies innovative firms that adopt novel technologies and innovative business practices (e.g., Walmart’s cross-geography logistics). For patenting firms, the text-based measure strongly correlates with valuable patents, which likely capture true innovation. The text-based measure robustly forecasts greater firm performance and growth opportunities for up to four years, and these value implications hold just as strongly for innovative nonpatenting firms. This paper was accepted by Gustavo Manso, finance.
Investigating staff perceptions and experiences of telephone triage in general practice
Authors: Detheridge Alexandra 
Published: September 2020

In this qualitative study, Alexandra Detheridge investigates the use of telephone triage in a general practice home visiting team Background: Telephone triage (TT) has historically been used in out of hours (OOH) provision for managing patients who require telephone advice or assessment face-to-face. It is increasingly being used in primary care to manage demand and advanced nurse practitioners are well placed to support this. Aims: To investigate staff perceptions and experiences of TT, barriers, role development, patient expectation and how care could be improved. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were completed with 8 staff (3 specialist nurses and 5 GPs) in a general practice home visiting team that provides care to 46 000 patients. Findings: TT use requires training and support for staff. While communication and patient engagement can be barriers, teamwork is a valuable means of improvement. Conclusion: TT enables the patient to see the correct clinician and can support care management in general practice.
Feminising politics: notes on material and temporal feminist modal logics in action
Authors: Colman Felicity 
Published: September 2020

Feminist activism aims to work to change the inequitable structures of the world. But feminists themselves get bound up in actions and intentions that are tied to their large object of critique (the patriarchy, the planet, the media, the canon, etc), and the micropolitics of the subjects constituting and constituted by those objects can be swept up in humanistic rhetorical gestures and words. How can we teach the modalities and the genealogy of feminist actions that offer tools for everyday living and for a community practice, and which also offer some ways to engage with the affective matter of the world from a posthumanist perspective, and thereby work to shift cultural attitudes? In addition to the valuable work done by those that tirelessly figure methods of communicating social inequities, the work of research led feminist informed teaching and governance can not only excavate the histories of social, political, speciesist, and biological inequities, but also offer a critique of these positions by the terms of their epistemological construction, and provide different modalities of practice. This article focuses on the latter, discussing how we might design curriculum and engage a pedagogy of recognition for a feminist modal ethics. How modes of feminist new materialist practice take the questions of affect, and agency, to enable ethical political practices is a pressing concern for many communities concerned with generating a planetary ethics. How new materialist methodology is useful for thinking the vernacular political reality was the topic of an intensive discussion and debate that took place in November 2017 in Barcelona. Taking an example of the concrete work undertaken by Barcelona Councillor Gala Pin in relation to the neighbourhood ofCiutat Vella,the article proposes that we explore and extend the genealogy of a feminist modal logics.
Mass-specific light absorption coefficients of mineral particles in aqueous suspension for the ultraviolet to near-infrared radiation spectral region (200–2500  nm)
Authors: Utschig Christian , Röttgers Rüdiger 
Published: September 2020

Light absorption by in-water suspended natural particles in the near-infrared radiation (NIR; 780–3000 nm) region has received little attention. Minerogenic matter is thought to be one source for NIR light absorption in aquatic environments. Here, mass-specific particulate light absorption coefficients of several particulate single minerals and mineral samples for the spectral range of 200–2500 nm are presented. The current methodology allows very sensitive measurements of particle suspension with a detection limit of about

2

×

10

−
6

m

2

g

−
1

for the mass-specific absorption coefficient. Except for one, all mineral materials examined possessed significant light absorption throughout the full spectral range considered. The spectra revealed absorption features of specific elements (like iron) and from water structures (

H

2

O

, O-H bonds) in the mineral or crystal structure that have been known from reflectance measurements of minerals. The specific absorption in the NIR was as high as

0.02

m

2

g

−
1

for laterite earths samples, but also below the detection limit for a steatite sample in a narrow spectral region (1600–1800 nm). The specific absorption by mineral particles in the NIR was, hence, highly variable from strong absorbing black minerals (magnetite) to low absorbing white clays. The information in the absorption coefficient spectrum can be used not only to identify specific mineral in natural particle assemblages but also to quantify their contribution to total particulate absorption in the NIR.
Sparse decomposition light-field microscopy for high speed imaging of neuronal activity
Authors: Yoon Young-Gyu , Wang Zeguan , Pak Nikita , Park Demian , Dai Peilun , Kang Jeong Seuk , Suk Ho-Jun , Symvoulidis Panagiotis , Guner-Ataman Burcu , Wang Kai , Boyden Edward S. 
Published: September 2020

One of the major challenges in large scale optical imaging of neuronal
activity is to simultaneously achieve sufficient temporal and spatial
resolution across a large volume. Here, we introduce sparse
decomposition light-field microscopy (SDLFM), a computational imaging
technique based on light-field microscopy (LFM) that takes algorithmic
advantage of the high temporal resolution of LFM and the inherent
temporal sparsity of spikes to improve effective spatial resolution
and signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs). With increased effective spatial
resolution and SNRs, neuronal activity at the single-cell level can be
recovered over a large volume. We demonstrate the single-cell imaging
capability of SDLFM with in vivo imaging
of neuronal activity of whole brains of larval zebrafish with
estimated lateral and axial resolutions of

∼

3.5

µ

m

and

∼

7.4

µ

m

, respectively, acquired at volumetric
imaging rates up to 50 Hz. We also show that SDLFM increases the
quality of neural imaging in adult fruit flies.
The Gut Microbiome in Patients With Chronic Pancreatitis Is Characterized by Significant Dysbiosis and Overgrowth by Opportunistic Pathogens
Authors: Frost Fabian , Weiss Frank U. , Sendler Matthias , Kacprowski Tim , Rühlemann Malte , Bang Corinna , Franke Andre , Völker Uwe , Völzke Henry , Lamprecht Georg , Mayerle Julia , Aghdassi Ali A. , Homuth Georg , Lerch Markus M. 
Published: September 2020

INTRODUCTION:
Exocrine pancreatic function is a critical host factor in determining the intestinal microbiota composition. Diseases affecting the exocrine pancreas could therefore influence the gut microbiome. We investigated the changes in gut microbiota of patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP).

METHODS:
Patients with clinical and imaging evidence of CP (n = 51) were prospectively recruited and compared with twice the number of nonpancreatic disease controls matched for distribution in age, sex, body mass index, smoking, diabetes mellitus, and exocrine pancreatic function (stool elastase). From stool samples of these 153 subjects, DNA was extracted, and intestinal microbiota composition was determined by bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing.

RESULTS:
Patients with CP exhibited severely reduced microbial diversity (Shannon diversity index and Simpson diversity number, P < 0.001) with an increased abundance of facultative pathogenic organisms (P < 0.001) such as Enterococcus (q < 0.001), Streptococcus (q < 0.001), and Escherichia.Shigella (q = 0.002). The CP-associated changes were independent of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. Short-chain fatty acid producers, considered protective for epithelia such as Faecalibacterium (q < 0.001), showed reduced abundance in patients with CP. Of 4 additional patients with CP previously treated with antibiotics (ceftriaxone and metronidazole), 3 patients were characterized by distinct Enterococcus overgrowth.

DISCUSSION:
CP is associated with marked gut microbiota dysbiosis, greatly reduced diversity, and increased abundance of opportunistic pathogens, specifically those previously isolated from infected pancreatic necrosis. Taxa with a potentially beneficial role in intestinal barrier function are depleted. These changes can increase the probability of complications from pancreatitis such as infected fluid collections or small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (see Graphical Abstract, Supplementary Digital Content 1, http://links.lww.com/CTG/A383).
Noções incontornáveis nas Artes Visuais
Authors: Rauscher Beatriz , Rampin Priscila 
Published: September 2020

Este texto apresenta, discute e articula o tema em relação ao conjunto de artigos publicados nesta edição. Os artigos apresentados problematizam as noções fundamentais que delimitam o campo das Artes Visuais, segundo suas próprias perspectivas. Entende-se que essas noções têm sido constantemente reexaminadas e a principal razão disto é o caráter experimental do fazer artístico e a adoção de procedimentos e formas de pensar originais, desafiando a própria definição de obra arte. Todo um repertório de noções, e as relações entre elas, constituem a constelação que firma a arte como campo de conhecimento.
Estudio de las representaciones sociales de los docentes sobre el cambio climático antropogénico
Authors: Gallego-Torres Adriana Patricia , Castro-Montaña Jhonn Edgar 
Published: September 2020

Este trabajo realizado con los docentes de la Facultad de Ciencias y Educación de la Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas, tiene como objeto caracterizar las representaciones sociales que los docentes en formación han elaborado sobre el cambio climático antropogénico. Para avanzar en el problema y los objetivos se acudió a plantear una metodología acorde al tipo de estudio social, con un enfoque cualitativo de corte interpretativo, lo que permitió identificar las representaciones sociales de los docentes, que configuran una manera de interpretar y de pensar la realidad cotidiana y s sus actitudes e intereses frente al problema del cambio climático y su inferencia en su labor docente.
Wiederauferstehung des Überschallpassagierverkehrs als Herausforderung für eine ökologische Zeitpolitik
Authors: Rinderspacher Jürgen P. 
Published: September 2020

Während alle Welt über Ressourcenschonung, Klimawandel und Entschleunigung diskutiert, arbeiten Flugzeugkonstrukteure an einer Neuauflage des Überschallpassagierflugzeuges Concorde. Welchen Sinn macht es, in der Hälfte der Zeit von Paris nach New York zu kommen, und für wen? Vor allem aber: Wer zahlt dafür?
Nachhaltigkeitsberichterstattung - Im Spannungsfeld unterschiedlicher Anforderungen und Interessen
Authors: Braun Sabine 
Published: September 2020

Die Phase der Standardisierung im Nachhaltigkeitsreporting hat schon vor dem CSR-Richtlinie-Umsetzungsgesetz eingesetzt. Zugleich stieg in den vergangenen Jahren die öffentliche Aufmerksamkeit für Nachhaltigkeitsthemen. Die Praxis der Berichterstattung wird schwieriger, die Ergebnisse werden vielfältiger.
Augen auf im Finanzsystem
Authors: Brandes Eberhard 
Published: September 2020

Die Rechnung ist einfach: Setzen wir uns weiterhin über die Grenzen unseres Planeten hinweg, berauben wir uns unserer eigenen Lebensgrundlagen. Und wo der Finanzmarkt doch Rechenmeister ist, sollte nun auch er sich der Lösung annehmen.
Suffizienzorientiertes Onlinemarketing
Authors: Keilholz Stephanie 
Published: September 2020

Drei Erden verbraucht Deutschland nach Berechnungen des Global Footprint Network pro Jahr – wir haben die Grenzen nachhaltigen Lebens und Wirtschaftens längst überschritten. Kompensation, ökologischer und fairer Konsum sind vor diesem Hintergrund immer nur die zweitbeste Lösung.
The Economic Effects of COVID-19 on the Producers of Ethanol, Corn, Gasoline, and Oil
Authors: Schmitz Andrew , Moss Charles B. , Schmitz Troy G. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The COVID-19 crisis created large economic losses for corn, ethanol, gasoline, and oil producers and refineries both in the United States and worldwide. We extend the theory used by Schmitz, A., C. B. Moss, and T. G. Schmitz. 2007. “Ethanol: No Free Lunch.” Journal of Agricultural & Food Industrial Organization 5 (2): 1–28 as a basis for empirical estimation of the effect of COVID-19. We estimate, within a welfare economic cost-benefit framework that, at a minimum, the producer cost in the United States for these four sectors totals $176.8 billion for 2020. For U.S. oil producers alone, the cost was $151 billion. When world oil is added, the costs are much higher, at $1055.8 billion. The total oil producer cost is $1.03 trillion, which is roughly 40 times the effect on U.S. corn, ethanol, and gasoline producers, and refineries. If the assumed unemployment effects from COVID-19 are taken into account, the total effect, including both producers and unemployed workers, is $212.2 billion, bringing the world total to $1266.9 billion.
Neuropsychiatric symptoms, quality of life and caregivers’ burden in dementia
Authors: Majer Réka , Adeyi Olar , Bagoly Zsuzsa , Simon Viktória , Csiba László , Kardos László , Hortobágyi Tibor , Frecska Ede 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The objective of this research is to identify the relationship between the neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPSs) of patients with major neurocognitive disorder (mNCD), their quality of life, illness intrusiveness and the caregiver’s burden. We assessed 131 patients with mNCD. Examination methods included WHO well-being index short version, illness intrusiveness rating scale, Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale-Cog, Mini Mental State Examination and neuropsychiatric inventory. The results were analysed using standard statistical tests. In our sample, the prevalence of NPSs is 100%. A significant correlation (p < 0.0001) was observed with quality of life and illness intrusiveness. Additionally, a strong relationship was observed between NPSs and the caregiver’s burden (r = 0.9). The result is significantly twice as much stronger in comparison to the relationship between NPS and cognitive symptoms (r = 0.4). This is the first study in Hungary to assess the impact of NPS on the burden of relatives and quality of life. NPS had twice stronger impact on caregivers’ burden than cognitive decline. However, further studies are needed to assess the sub-syndromes in mNCD in relation to NPS.
Neuronal functions of clathrin-associated endocytic sorting adaptors – from molecules to disease
Authors: Kononenko Natalia L. , Haucke Volker 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Communication in the central nervous system is based on the transmission of electrical signals at specialized junctions between nerve cells termed synapses. During chemical neurotransmission, tiny membrane spheres called synaptic vesicles that are packed with neurotransmitters elicit a postsynaptic response by fusing with the presynaptic membrane and releasing their content into the synaptic cleft. Synaptic vesicle fusion is followed by the reuptake of the membrane by endocytosis and the local reformation of functional synaptic vesicles within the presynaptic compartment to sustain further rounds of neurotransmitter release. Here, we provide an overview of the clathrin-associated endocytic adaptor proteins that help to sort and recycle synaptic vesicles during presynaptic activity. These adaptors also serve additional functions in the turnover of defective or aged synaptic components and in the retrograde axonal transport of important signaling molecules by regulating the formation or transport of autophagosomes. Endocytic adaptors thus play multiple roles in the maintenance of synaptic function. Defects in their expression or function can lead to neurodegenerative and neurological diseases.
Chemochromatische Himmelsereignisse. Aurora Borealis und ihre künstl/er\i/s\chen Schwestern
Authors: Hinterwaldner Inge 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
With the current renewed space race to the moon, space art, which is understood here as a variation of the Art & Technology movement, is also increasingly garnering attention. In the 1960s and 1970s, the artists Newton Harrison, Joe Davis, and Paulo Bruscky each independently pursued the goal of artificially creating a widely visible aurora. With their idea of placing floating colored light into the sky, they ventured into areas for which science could not yet offer any ready-made technologies. It was not clear whether – or how – these light phenomena could be created. The artists’ aspirations provoked considerable political resistance as well. The scale of the projects immediately revealed an ecological relevance. It was not until years later that a theoretical, new materialist framework was established that increased understanding of what these works explored.