bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self-regulation of primary education pre-service teachers
Authors: Sukowati Sukowati , Mustadi Ali , Putro Ahmad Agung Yuwono , Pradewi Gunarti Ika 
Published: November 2020

Motivation for the achievements is urgently needed when attending a class. For renforcing the motivation can be obtained through self-regulation this research aimed to discover students’ self-regulation in a private university at Yogyakarta. This research used quantitative approach in the form of survey. The population in this research was all students in Primary school Teacher Education comprising 233 students. Whereas, there were 155 students as the sample taken by using random sampling technique. Furthermore, students’ self-regulation was measured by using self regulation learning. The data analysis was conducted qualitatively in the form of descriptive or inferential showed by self-regulation in high category comprising 11 students or 7,09%, medium category comprising 97 students or 62,58%, and low category comprising 47 students or 30,32%. The result of this study showed that: (1) self-regulation of prospective primary school teachers was included into medium category, (2) self-regulation had an important role to improve students’ motivation.
Impact of online course discussion on education leadership students’ reflections
Authors: Saleh Amany 
Published: November 2020

Educators learn through reflection on how power shapes their own practices, expressing their concerns about the constraints they face, and brainstorming solutions to address them. Educators create and adjust their philosophies and practices by reflecting on how abstract theories manifest themselves in life. The online discussion format affords students the opportunity to improve their reflective practices through the use of structured questions, supervised scaffolding, shared experience, and opportunities to connect theory to practice. In essence, online discussions offer educators a dynamic and energetic atmosphere in which they can interact with each other. The purpose of the study was to examine the impact of online discussions on students’ critical skills as they reflect on issues dealing with students’ diversity. The results demonstrated that the use of structured online discussions contributed to the elevation of graduate students’ reflective practices as they contemplated the social and cultural issues that impact students’ learning and their educational practices.
Integration of strengthening of character education and higher order thinking skills in history learning
Authors: Haniah Apriliana Rusly , Aman Aman , Setiawan Risky 
Published: November 2020

The purpose of this study is to find integration packages for Strengthening Character Education (PPK) and Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) in history learning at SMAN 1 Yogyakarta, which includes: (1) form of integration packaging for strengthening character education in history learning, (2) forms of integration packaging higher-order thinking skills in history learning, (3) constraints and solutions for integrating strengthening of character education and higher-order thinking skills in history learning. This research is qualitative research with a naturalistic research type. The subjects in this study were the principal, deputy headmaster of the curriculum section, history teacher, and students who were drawn using purposive sampling techniques. The results showed: (1) Integration of character education reinforcement was found in history learning, namely in the planning, implementation and evaluation stages of learning. Forms of integration packaging or containers for strengthening character education that can be seen in learning activities and attitude assessments that contain religious values, conscientious, disciplined, responsible, communicative, collaborating, confident, caring, critical thinking, nationalist and creative; (2) The packaging for integrating higher-order thinking skills in history learning is found, namely in assessment and questions as well as in learning planning. The assessment carried out is an assessment of attitudes, knowledge, and skills that are integrated with the questions by conducting KD analysis. The results of the analysis then the teacher chooses the KD that can be made about HOTS; and (3) Obstacles that are found that are technical in inserting character values in learning activities on historical subjects that are suggested to history teachers to always participate in the Subject Teachers' Deliberation (MGMP) which is felt by researchers to be very helpful for teachers to exchange information, and sharing about the obstacles encountered. For the constraints of making assessment instruments, advice to the Principal, Teachers, and Education Office to conduct socialization and training in making assessment instruments, the grid then starts making HOTS questions
Factors influencing academic participation of undergraduate students
Authors: Silalahi Sari Muthia 
Published: November 2020

This study aims to examine factors influencing aspects such as teacher's personality, student's behavior, environmental which has influence student's affective and cognitive. The data were obtained using methods: interview and questionnaire. The random participant has been chosen for interviewed and population has been used for the questionnaire. There were 1585 participants have filled the questionnaire and 24 students have interviewed. Interview data were recorded and analyzed. The results have processed, it was classified according to study programs following the indicator. The research finding shows that: factors from lecturers and teaching assistants got 78 - 81%, academic and non-academic facilities got 74.91% - 80.86% and dormitory as living for students got 69.16% which have a big impact on influencing student's affective and cognitive. There were also issues such as teacher's centered-learning, most of students and class situations can often be uncomfortable.
Effect of Variability in Blood Pressure, Glucose and Cholesterol Concentrations, and Body Weight on Emergency Hospitalization and 30‐Day Mortality in the General Population
Authors: Lee Seung‐Hwan , Han Kyungdo , Kwon Hyuk‐Sang , Yoon Kun‐Ho , Kim Mee Kyoung 
Published: November 2020

Background
Variability in blood pressure, glucose concentration, cholesterol concentration, or body weight is associated with a wide range of health outcomes. We hypothesized that high variability in metabolic parameters is associated with an increased risk of emergency hospitalization and mortality.

Methods and Results
Using a nationally representative database from the Korean National Health Insurance System, 8 049 228 individuals who underwent 3 or more health examinations during 2005 to 2010 were followed up until the end of 2016. Variability in fasting blood glucose and total cholesterol concentrations, systolic blood pressure, and body weight was measured using the variability independent of the mean (VIM). High variability was defined as the highest quartile of variability. Subjects were classified according to the number of high variability parameters. The end points of the study were emergency hospitalization and 30‐day mortality. There were 733 387 emergency hospitalizations (9.1%) during a median follow‐up of 5.6±1.2 years. For each metabolic parameter, an incrementally higher risk of emergency hospitalization was observed for higher VIM quartile groups than for the lowest quartile group. Compared with the group with low variability for all 4 parameters, the group with high variability for all 4 parameters had a significantly higher risk for emergency hospitalization (hazard ratio [HR], 1.58; 95% CI, 1.54–1.61) and 30‐day mortality (HR, 2.44; 95% CI, 1.62–3.69), after adjusting for possible confounding factors.

Conclusions
High variability in metabolic parameters was associated with increased risk of emergency hospitalization and short‐term mortality.
Studying Islam in Western and Non-Western Contexts
Authors: Hughes Aaron W. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This essay provides an introduction to the following set of papers that deal with some of the methodological and theoretical issues that the study of Islam poses for the academic study of religion. It argues that, while still somewhat problematic, recent years have seen a number of younger scholars—particularly in Europe and the so-called Muslim World—engage in and wrestle with these theoretical issues. The result is that the study of Islam has come a long way since the apologetic aftermath of September 11, 2001.
Match High-Speed Running Distances Are Often Suppressed After Return From Hamstring Strain Injury in Professional Footballers
Authors: Whiteley Rodney , Massey Andrew , Gabbett Tim , Blanch Peter , Cameron Matthew , Conlan Greta , Ford Matthew , Williams Morgan 
Published: November 2020

Background: High-speed running is commonly implicated in the genesis of hamstring injury. The success of hamstring injury management is typically quantified by the duration of time loss or reinjury rate. These metrics do not consider any loss in performance after returning to play from hamstring injury. It is not known to what extent high-speed running is altered on return to play after such injury. Hypothesis: Match high-speed running distance will change after returning from hamstring injury. Study Design: Non-randomized cohort. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Methods: Match high-speed running distance in highest level professional football (soccer, Rugby League, Rugby Union, and Australian Rules) were examined for a minimum of 5 games prior and subsequent to hamstring strain injury for individual differences using a linear regression models approach. A total of 22 injuries in 15 players were available for analysis. Results: Preinjury cumulative high-speed running distances were strongly correlated for each individual ( r2 = 0.92-1.0; P < 0.0001). Pre- and postinjury high-speed running data were available for a median of 15 matches (range, 6-15). Variance from the preinjury high-speed running distance was significantly less ( P = 0.0005) than the post injury values suggesting a suppression of high-speed running distance after returning from injury. On return to play, 7 of the 15 players showed a sustained absolute reduction in preinjury high-speed running distance, 7 showed no change, and 1 player (only) showed an increase. Analysis of subsequent (second and third injury) return to play showed no differences to return from the index injury. Conclusion: Return to play was not associated with return to high-speed running performance for nearly half of the players examined, although the same number showed no difference. Persisting deficits in match high-speed running may exist for many players after hamstring strain injury. Clinical Relevance: Returning to play does not mean returning to (high-speed running) performance for nearly half of the high-level professional football players examined in this study. This suggests that successful return to play metrics should be expanded from simple time taken and recurrence to include performance.
Predictors of pulmonary rehabilitation completion in the UK
Authors: Stone Philip W. , Hickman Katherine , Steiner Michael C. , Roberts C. Michael , Quint Jennifer K. , Singh Sally J. 
Published: November 2020

IntroductionPulmonary rehabilitation has been shown to improve dyspnoea, fatigue, quality of life and exercise capacity in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Our aim was to determine the characteristics of people with COPD associated with completion of pulmonary rehabilitation.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional analysis of 7060 people with COPD enrolled in pulmonary rehabilitation between January 1, 2017 and March 31, 2017. Data were from a UK national audit of COPD care. Factors associated with pulmonary rehabilitation completion were determined using mixed effects logistic regression with a random intercept for pulmonary rehabilitation service. Factors chosen for assessment based on clinical judgement and data availability were age, sex, country, socioeconomic status, body mass index, referral location, programme type, start within 90 days, smoking status, oxygen therapy, Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) stage, Medical Research Council (MRC) dyspnoea grade, any exercise test and any health status questionnaire.Results4635 (66%) people with COPD completed a pulmonary rehabilitation programme. People that were aged ≥60 years, resident in Wales, referred within 90 days, an ex- or never-smoker, received an exercise test, or received a health status questionnaire had significantly greater odds of completing pulmonary rehabilitation. People that were in the most deprived quintile, underweight or very severely obese, enrolled in a rolling rather than a cohort programme, had a higher GOLD stage and had a higher MRC grade had significantly lower odds of completing pulmonary rehabilitation.ConclusionsPeople with COPD were more likely to complete pulmonary rehabilitation when best practice guidelines were followed. People with more severe COPD symptoms and those enrolled in rolling rather than cohort programmes were less likely to complete pulmonary rehabilitation. Referring people with COPD in the earlier stages of disease, ensuring programmes follow best practice guidelines and favouring cohort over rolling programmes could improve rates of pulmonary rehabilitation completion.
Research priorities in α1-antitrypsin deficiency: results of a patients' and healthcare providers' international survey from the EARCO Clinical Research Collaboration
Authors: Barrecheguren Miriam , O'Hara Karen , Wilkens Marion , Boyd Jeanette , Kolda Ewa , Lara Beatriz , Chorostowska-Wynimko Joanna , Ferrarotti Ilaria , Chlumský Jan , Clarenbach Christian , Greulich Timm , Miravitlles Marc , Sucena Maria 
Published: November 2020

α1-antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) is a rare and under-recognised genetic condition. Owing to its low prevalence, international initiatives are key for conducting high-quality research in the field.From July 2018 to December 2019, the European Alpha-1 Research Collaboration (EARCO) developed and conducted two surveys, one for healthcare providers and one for patients and caregivers, aiming to identify research priorities and barriers in access to treatment for AATD.A survey on 164 research questions was electronically sent to 230 AATD experts in Europe, and 94 completed surveys from 24 countries were received. The top research areas identified by healthcare providers were causes of variable progression and poor outcomes, improvement in diagnosis, initiation and optimal dosing of augmentation therapy and effectiveness of self-management interventions. During the same period, 438 surveys were completed by patients and caregivers from 26 countries. The top research areas identified were improving knowledge about AATD, in particular among general practitioners, access to AATD specialised centres and access to reliable, easy to understand information about living with AATD. Regarding barriers to treatment, participants from countries where augmentation therapy was reimbursed prioritised improving knowledge in AATD, while respondents in non-reimbursed countries regarded access to AATD augmentation therapy and to specialised centres as the most relevant.The main research and management priorities identified by healthcare providers and patients included understanding the natural history of AATD, improving information to physicians, improving access to specialised reference centres, personalising treatment and having equal opportunities for access to existing therapies.
Validity and reliability of the Multidimensional Dyspnoea Profile in older adults
Authors: Hegendörfer Eralda , Doukhopelnikoff Alexander , Degryse Jean-Marie 
Published: November 2020

Breathlessness is a common and distressing symptom in older adults and an independent predictor of adverse outcomes and yet its multidimensional assessment has not been validated in older adults. We apply and validate the Multidimensional Dyspnoea Profile (MDP) in a sample of adults 75 years and older in Belgium.Breathlessness was rated with the MDP, the modified Borg Dyspnoea Scale (mBDS), the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB, a numerical rating scale for intensity and unpleasantness both before and after exertion), as well as with the Medical Research Council (MRC) Dyspnoea Scale. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) assessed the affective status. Factor structure was analysed with exploratory principal components analysis, internal consistency with Cronbach's alpha and concurrent validity with Spearman's correlation coefficients with other breathlessness scales, HADS and SPPB scores.In 96 participants (mean age 85 years; 34% men) who rated breathlessness at both assessment points, exploratory principal components analysis identified two components: Immediate Perception (IP) and Emotional Reaction (ER), explaining most of the MDP item variance (65.37% before and 71.32% after exertion). Internal consistency was moderate to high for MDP-IP (Cronbach's alpha = 0.86 before and 0.89 after exertion) and MDP-ER (Cronbach's alpha = 0.89 before and 0.91 after exertion). The correlation patterns of MDP-IP and MDP-ER with other tests confirmed concurrent validity.The domain structure, reliability and concurrent validity of MDP for breathlessness before and after exertion were confirmed in a sample of adults 75 years and older, supporting its use and further research for the multidimensional profiling of breathlessness in older adults.
RICE ACYL-COA-BINDING PROTEIN6 Affects Acyl-CoA Homeostasis and Growth in Rice
Authors: Meng Wei , Xu Lijian , Du Zhi-Yan , Wang Fang , Zhang Rui , Song Xingshun , Lam Sin Man , Shui Guanghou , Li Yuhua , Chye Mee-Len 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundsAcyl-coenzyme A (CoA) esters are important intermediates in lipid metabolism with regulatory properties. Acyl-CoA-binding proteins bind and transport acyl-CoAs to fulfill these functions. RICE ACYL-COA-BINDING PROTEIN6 (OsACBP6) is currently the only one peroxisome-localized plant ACBP that has been proposed to be involved inβ-oxidation in transgenic Arabidopsis. The role of the peroxisomal ACBP (OsACBP6) in rice (Oryza sativa) was investigated.ResultsHere, we report on the function of OsACBP6 in rice. Theosacbp6mutant showed diminished growth with reduction in root meristem activity and leaf growth. Acyl-CoA profiling and lipidomic analysis revealed an increase in acyl-CoA content and a slight triacylglycerol accumulation caused by the loss of OsACBP6. Comparative transcriptomic analysis discerned the biological processes arising from the loss ofOsACBP6. Reduced response to oxidative stress was represented by a decline in gene expression of a group of peroxidases and peroxidase activities. An elevation in hydrogen peroxide was observed in both roots and shoots/leaves ofosacbp6. Taken together, loss of OsACBP6 not only resulted in a disruption of the acyl-CoA homeostasis but also peroxidase-dependent reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis. In contrast,osacbp6-complemented transgenic rice displayed similar phenotype to the wild type rice, supporting a role for OsACBP6 in the maintenance of the acyl-CoA pool and ROS homeostasis. Furthermore, quantification of plant hormones supported the findings observed in the transcriptome and an increase in jasmonic acid level occurred inosacbp6.ConclusionsIn summary, OsACBP6 appears to be required for the efficient utilization of acyl-CoAs. Disruption of OsACBP6 compromises growth and led to provoked defense response, suggesting a correlation of enhanced acyl-CoAs content with defense responses.
Natural food intake patterns have little synchronizing effect on peripheral circadian clocks
Authors: Xie Xiaobin , Kukino Ayaka , Calcagno Haley E. , Berman Alec M. , Garner Joseph P. , Butler Matthew P. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundCircadian rhythms across mammalian tissues are coordinated by a master clock in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) that is principally entrained by light-dark cycles. Prior investigations have shown, however, that time-restricted feeding (TRF)—daily alternation of fasting and food availability—synchronizes peripheral clocks independent of the light-dark cycle and of the SCN. This has led to the idea that downstream peripheral clocks are entrained indirectly by food intake rhythms. However, TRF is not a normal eating pattern, and it imposes non-physiologic long fasts that rodents do not typically experience. Therefore, we tested whether normal feeding patterns can phase-shift or entrain peripheral tissues by measuring circadian rhythms of the liver, kidney, and submandibular gland inmPer2Lucmice under different food schedules.ResultsWe employed home cage feeders to first measure ad libitum food intake and then to dispense 20-mg pellets on a schedule mimicking that pattern. In both conditions, PER2::LUC bioluminescence peaked during the night as expected. Surprisingly, shifting the scheduled feeding by 12 h advanced peripheral clocks by only 0–3 h, much less than predicted from TRF protocols. To isolate the effects of feeding from the light-dark cycle, clock phase was then measured in mice acclimated to scheduled feeding over the course of 3 months in constant darkness. In these conditions, peripheral clock phases were better predicted by the rest-activity cycle than by the food schedule, contrary to expectation based on TRF studies. At the end of both experiments, mice were exposed to a modified TRF with food provided in eight equally sized meals over 12 h. In the light-dark cycle, this advanced the phase of the liver and kidney, though less so than in TRF with ad libitum access; in darkness, this entrained the liver and kidney but had little effect on the submandibular gland or the rest-activity cycle.ConclusionsThese data suggest that natural feeding patterns can only weakly affect circadian clocks. Instead, in normally feeding mice, the central pacemaker in the brain may set the phase of peripheral organs via pathways that are independent of feeding behavior.
Long-term experimental evolution reveals purifying selection on piRNA-mediated control of transposable element expression
Authors: Bergthorsson Ulfar , Sheeba Caroline J. , Konrad Anke , Belicard Tony , Beltran Toni , Katju Vaishali , Sarkies Peter 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundTransposable elements (TEs) are an almost universal constituent of eukaryotic genomes. In animals, Piwi-interacting small RNAs (piRNAs) and repressive chromatin often play crucial roles in preventing TE transcription and thus restricting TE activity. Nevertheless, TE content varies widely across eukaryotes and the dynamics of TE activity and TE silencing across evolutionary time is poorly understood.ResultsHere, we used experimentally evolved populations ofC. elegansto study the dynamics of TE expression over 409 generations. The experimental populations were evolved at population sizes of 1, 10 and 100 individuals to manipulate the efficiency of natural selection versus genetic drift. We demonstrate increased TE expression relative to the ancestral population, with the largest increases occurring in the smallest populations. We show that the transcriptional activation of TEs within active regions of the genome is associated with failure of piRNA-mediated silencing, whilst desilenced TEs in repressed chromatin domains retain small RNAs. Additionally, we find that the sequence context of the surrounding region influences the propensity of TEs to lose silencing through failure of small RNA-mediated silencing.ConclusionsOur results show that natural selection inC. elegansis responsible for maintaining low levels of TE expression, and provide new insights into the epigenomic features responsible.